bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manifestation of the Author’s Image Category in the Characteristics of the Reign of Peter the Great (based on the material of V.O. Klyuchevsky “Russian History”)
Authors: Valentinova Olga I. , Lele Wang
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the features of the manifestation of the category of the authors image in the work of V.O. Klyuchevskys Russian History on the example of the characteristics of the reign of the outstanding Russian monarch - Peter I, whose reign, which dramatically changed the progressive development of Russian life, had an extremely contradictory influence on the fate of the Russian Empire until its collapse in 1917. The purpose of the work is to prove that the interpretation of the text from the standpoint of the category of the authors image, as a supercategory serving as the organizing principle and focus of the essence of the text, reveals the internal unity of the text, not only artistic but also scientific, especially as complex and non-trivial as V.O. Klyuchevsky, possessing the highest cognitive, ethical and aesthetic value. In the course of the study, as a result of correlation of the authors self with the content being introduced and the establishment of the principle of selecting facts exposed in the book by V.O. Klyuchevsky analysis, the scientific method that is not directly formulated in the historians work is explicated, which allows reconstructing the authors image as the image of a researcher. Observation of the features of the linear development of the text makes it possible to discover ways of reinforcing meanings, to assess the degree of their fixation, and therefore, to actualize, derive fixed meanings, establish their general meaningful orientation and, on this basis, reconstruct the value-ethical side of the authors image. Extrapolation of the concept of the image of the author, developed by V.V. Vinogradov for a systematic analysis of a literary text, designed to establish the features of each conditionally distinguished level of the text and the principle of matching all levels with each other, into scientific texts can significantly expand our understanding of the scope of application of systematic methods of analysis.
Artefactos líticos de abrigos rocosos en: El Abra, Colombia
Authors: Correal Gonzalo , Van Der Hammen Thomas , Lerman J. C.
Published: December 2020

En el curso de excavaciones preliminares efectuadas en los abrigos rocosos de "El Abra" (Rocas de Sevilla) entre Zipaquirá y Tocancipá, Sabana de Bogotá, Departamento de Cundinamarca, Colombia, alt. 2570 metros, se encontraron artefactos de piedra hasta una profundidad de más de 200 cm. El nivel entre 150 y 175 centímetros, que contiene artefactos y fragmentos de carbón vegetal, ha sido fechado por Carbón 14, dando una cronología de 12.400 años A. P. (antes del presente). Estos artefactos están entre los más antiguos que se han fechado en Sur América, y el lapso conocido de la prehistoria de Colombia, resulta más largo, por unos 8.000 años. Presentamos una sección estratigráfica, un diagrama de polen y unas muestras de los artefactos.
Landowner’s estate in Russian literature of the late XIX — first third of the XX century: an interdisciplinary approach
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Skorokhodov Maxim V.
Published: December 2020

The monograph examines the problems of the thesaurus of Russian literary «estate studies» in an interdisciplinary manner: it is shown how the theoretical tools of humanitarian geography and art history enrich the literary analysis of the texts of Russian literature, reflecting the specifics of the «estate» and «dacha» models of rural life. The peculiarities of the «estate-dacha topos» are revealed when referring to the lyrics of N.А. Klyuev, poems by S.A. Еsenin, prose by I.S. Shmelev and B.K. Zaitsev. The appendix contains materials summarizing the author’s experience in developing strategic planning documents for a number of literary reserve museums and estates-museums. The book is addressed to humanities scholars — philologists, culturologists, humanitarian geographers, as well as cultural figures and a wide range of lovers of Russian literature.
Legal and managerial solutions of public sector authorities for preserving ecosystem services of the lakes
Authors:   Vytautas Magnus University, Marcinkevičiūtė Lina , Vilkevičiūtė Jolanta ,   Vytautas Magnus University, Zukovskis Jan ,   Vytautas Magnus University
Published: December 2020

Although the problem of ecosystem diversity loss is of a global nature, the measures to solve it must be implemented at the national level. As a member of the European Union, Lithuania needs to have a clear position regarding the application of proposed socio-economic measures. The problems of lake ecosystem utilisation analysed in the article are based on the scientific knowledge which complies with the specifics of regional natural environment. The aim of the article is to systematize scientific knowledge about modern lake ecosystem services by explaining the fundamental adaptation patterns of ecosystems and their components. The article provides a complex assessment of the services provided by lake ecosystems, reveals management problems related to optimization of the use of lake ecosystems, presents recommendations on the improvement of legislation related to lake ecosystem services, regulations for protected areas, management plans, etc.
On Boole-type combinatorial numbers and polynomials
Authors: Simsek Yilmaz
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper is to construct generating functions for Boole-type
combinatorial numbers and polynomials. Using these generating functions, we
derive not only fundamental properties of these numbers and polynomials, but
also some identities and formulas. Finally, we present a brief historical
remarks and observations on our generating functions and Peters and
Boole-type numbers and polynomials.
Inverse problem for Bell index
Authors: Togan Muge , Yurttas Aysun , Sanli Utkum , Celik Feriha , Cangual Ismail
Published: December 2020

Due to their applications in many branches of science, topological graph
indices are becoming more popular every day. Especially as one can model
chemical molecules by graphs to obtain valuable information about the
molecules using solely mathematical calculations on the graph. The inverse
problem for topological graph indices is a recent problem proposed by Gutman
and is about the existence of a graph having its index value equal to a
given non-negative integer. In this paper, the inverse problem for Bell
index which is one of the irregularity indices is solved. Also a recently
defined graph invariant called omega invariant is used to obtain several
properties related to the Bell index.
Good Glycemic Outcomes Following Bariatric Surgery Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, and Low-Titer GAD Antibodies
Authors: Kaur Ruveena , Kim David , Cutfield Richard , Booth Michael , Plank Lindsay , Murphy Rinki
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate diabetes remission after bariatric surgery by presence of GAD antibody among those with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Screening GAD was performed in 221 patients with T2D and obesity referred for bariatric surgery. Nine of 16 patients with GAD and 112 of 205 without GAD proceeded with surgery. Diabetes remission and weight loss were compared by GAD presence.

RESULTS

The group with GAD had levels 16–91 IU/mL. Those with and without GAD were similar with regard to age, BMI, diabetes duration, proportion treated with insulin, HbA1c, and C-peptide (1,354 ± 548 vs. 1,358 ± 487 pmol/L). At 1 and 5 years postoperatively, the two groups achieved similar BMI reduction and diabetes remission (67% vs. 73%, P = 0.71, and 56% vs. 57%, P = 1.0).

CONCLUSIONS

Low-titer GAD in patients with T2D and retained C-peptide should not be a deterrent for bariatric surgery when the principal aim is diabetes remission.
3. Prevention or Delay of Type 2 Diabetes:Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2021
Authors:   American Diabetes Association
Published: December 2020

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-SPPC), are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-SINT). Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
Borders and Territorial Identity in Moldovan ASSR: Transnistria and the “Bessarabian Question” b e t we e n 1918 and 1940
Authors: CHELARU Valeria
Published: December 2020

Bessarabia’s unification with the rest of the Romanian historical provinces in order to create the Greater Romania in 1918 opened up a dispute between the new state and Soviet Russia. The loss of its previous gubernia to the detriment of Romania, combined with a series of strategies imposed by its tremendous internal transformation, made the Soviet Union to reconsider its western borders. This article provides an overview of the formation of the Moldavan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (MASSR) – the political ancestor of contemporary Dnestr Moldovan Republic or Transnistria – and then proceeds to analyse its role as propaganda and political tools inside the USSR. In such context, Transnistria will be studied as borderland of Greater Romania in order to better understand its socio-political profile in accordance with Soviet policies. The main aim of this paper is to give an objective account of the events from the historical perspective and to reassess the socio-political engineering which the MASSR underwent from its creation in 1924 up until its union with Bessarabia in 1940.
Seeing the Shadow Women: The Hidden Victims of Prostitution
Authors:   University of Rhode Island, Hughes Donna
Published: December 2020

A group of hidden victims of prostitution has been brought to light by Ingeborg Kraus, a trauma therapist in Germany, and Andrea Heinz, a woman with experience in the sex trade in Canada. Dignity has published four articles by these two writers in the last year. Their nascent body of work is uncovering important new information and perspectives on prostitution. Through their own experience and interviews with wives of sex buyers and women with sex trade experience they show us a more holistic view of the harm of prostitution. They write about the wives and families of men who are involved in prostitution. They describe how the shadow women suffer from the harm of prostitution. By broadening the analysis of the negative impact of prostitution on women and the community they conclude that legitimizing prostitution as sex work is a mistake that undermines our collective regard for women and their personal dignity and genuine sexual integrity.
Estimation of effective thermal parameters of heating sources based on dynamic measurments in smart home
Authors: Sinkevych O. , Monastyrskii L. , Sokolovskii B. , Boyko Ya.
Published: December 2020

This work is devoted to the method of determining the effective thermal parameters of heating sources in a smart home, which involves a combination of algorithms for data analysis and the equation of the physical process of heat transfer. The use of such parameters allows one to create software and hardware solutions for modeling the thermal map of the house, as well as to analyze energy consumption using the machine learning models. Since, for the most part, the total consumption of heating energy is known, it is of interest to determine the part of the energy that corresponds to the individual heating sources. To this end, the article proposes a mathematical model and algorithm for estimating the effective thermal characteristics of heating sources based on the heat transfer equation and data analysis approaches that can be used to obtain information about individual heating sources. The task of determining such parameters is reduced to two stages. At the first stage, using the finite-difference approach to the heat transfer equation, the effective thermal parameter of the heating sources is determined. Further, according to the data of energy consumption and distributions of room temperatures and temperatures on the surface of heating elements, by applying data analysis methods, an algorithm for estimating individual effective thermal characteristics of heating elements installed in rooms is proposed.
The formulas for sum of products of sequences associated with the metallic means
Authors: Kosobutskyy P. , Nestor N.
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the regularities of convolution of sequences c of Fibonacci numbers {Fn} generated by metallic means and the sum of products of two statistically independent sequences {Fi} and Jn=j∙sin(0.5π(n-j)) are investigated. It is shown that the known closed forms of sums for convolution and product are similar. Attention to the study of the convolution of two sequences of discrete data is associated with the use of this method for statistical signal processing. This problem involves calculating finite sums as discrete analogs of definite integrals. Such a problem is considered solved if the formula for the sum is expressed in a closed form as a function of its members and their number.
Communication challenges: Saudi EFL Speaking Skills and strategies to overcome speaking difficulties
Authors: Ahmad Kashmiri Hayat
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study to present the findings of research conducted to challenges faced by Saudi English as foreign language (EFL) learners and to formulate some strategies to overcome their speaking difficulties. In Saudi Arabia, there is a widely held perception that it is possible for the EFL learners to attain the high levels of proficiency in writing reading and listening, but they cannot speak English as compared to their peers from around the globe. This is quite concerning as these students have selective and compulsory English courses that run through their almost ten years of compulsory school education. The challenges to speaking by these students had formerly been addressed by sorting out the challenges of deficiencies in teacher development and teacher education, learners’ autonomy lack of material and technology in the EFL classes and anxiety in learning a foreign language. The purpose is to seek answers to the challenges of speaking English from the Saudi speaking EFL students themselves. In order to do that a sample of 66 students who have enrolled in year one of intensive preparatory English class will be used. A mixed method research design will be used in the triangulation of the findings for higher validity. Quantitative data will be analyzed with software for data analysis while qualitative data will be analyzed by making use of descriptive analysis. The findings will help to identify the reasons why speaking English is a challenge for Saudi EFL students which will help in the formulation of strategies to overcome such challenges.
Editorial
Authors: Hoar Peter
Published: December 2020

Kia ora and welcome to the second issue of BackStory. The members of the Backstory Editorial Team were gratified by the encouraging response to the first issue of the journal. We hope that our currentreaders enjoy our new issue and that it will bring others to share our interest in and enjoyment of the surprisingly varied backstories of New Zealand’s art, media, and design history.

This issue takes in a wide variety of topics. Imogen Van Pierce explores the controversy around the Hundertwasser Art Centre and Wairau Māori Art Gallery to be developed in Whangarei. This project has generated debate about the role of the arts and civic architecture at both the local and national levels. This is about how much New Zealanders are prepared to invest in the arts. The value of the artist in New Zealand is also examined by Mark Stocker in his article about the sculptor Margaret Butler and the local reception of her work during the late 1930s. The cultural cringe has a long genealogy.

New Zealand has been photographed since the 1840s. Alan Cocker analyses the many roles that photography played in the development of local tourism during the nineteenth century. These images challenged notions of the ‘real’ and the ‘artificial’ and how new technologies mediated the world of lived experience. Recorded sound was another such technology that changed how humans experienced the world. The rise of recorded sound from the 1890s affected lives in many ways and Lewis Tennant’s contribution captures a significant tipping point in this medium’s history in New Zealand as the transition from analogue to digital sound transformed social, commercial and acoustic worlds.

The New Zealand Woman’s Weekly celebrates its 85th anniversary this year but when it was launched in 1932 it seemed tohave very little chance of success. Its rival, the Mirror, had dominated the local market since its launch in 1922. Gavin Ellis investigates the Depression-era context of the Woman’s Weekly and how its founders identified a gap in the market that the Mirror was failing to fill. The work of the photographer Marti Friedlander (1908-2016) is familiar to most New Zealanders. Friedlander’s 50 year career and huge range of subjects defy easy summary. She captured New Zealanders, their lives, and their surroundings across all social and cultural borders. In the journal’s profile commentary Linda Yang celebrates Freidlander’s remarkable life and work. Linda also discusses some recent images by Friedlander and connects these with themes present in the photographer’s work from the 1960s and 1970s.

The Backstory editors hope that our readers enjoy this stimulating and varied collection of work that illuminate some not so well known aspects of New Zealand’s art, media, and design history. There are many such stories yet to be told and we look forward to bringing them to you.
Photographers Hart, Campbell and Company: The role of photography in exploration, tourism and national promotion in nineteenth century New Zealand.
Authors: Cocker Alan
Published: December 2020

It has been argued that “the history of New Zealand is unique because the period of pioneer colonization closely coincided with the invention and development of photography”1. However, as the first successfully recorded photograph in the country was not made until the late 1840s, the widespread use of photography came after the initial European settlement and its influence coincided more closely with the development of early tourism and with the exploration and later promotion of the country’s wild and remote places. The photographic partnership of William Hart and Charles Campbell followed the path of the gold miners into the hinterland of the South Island aware of its potential commercial photographic value. Photographers understood the “great public interest in what the colony looked like and inthe potential for features that would command international attention”2. Photography was promoted as presenting the world as it was, free of the interpretation of the artist. By the early 1880s the Hart, Campbell portfolio was extensive and their work featured at exhibitions in London, Sydney and Melbourne. Yet their photographs were criticised for fakery and William Hart’s photograph of Sutherland Falls, ‘the world’s highest waterfall’, promoted a quite inaccurate claim.
Resurrecting the Archive: 3D printing and interactive technologies in Libraries
Authors: Hansen Jason , Fraser Simon , Gurevitch Leon , Langelaar Walter , Miller Tim , Spell Rhazes
Published: December 2020

Emerging technologies influence the shape of society, how we interact with the world, how we learn, how our activities create new knowledge and how we can recontextualise old knowledge in new ways.
Style at the Scale of the Canon. A Stylometric Analysis of 100 Romanian Novels Published between 1920 and 1940
Authors: Modoc Emanuel , Gârdan Daiana
Published: December 2020

The present study proposes an experimental exploration of the Romanian novel written between 1920 and 1940 through the use of stylometry, a method of distant reading employed for the statistical analysis of style. Drawing from the most recent advances in the field of computational stylistics, we select a formal standpoint from which we seek to investigate the relation between the Romanian novelistic canon and minor, tertiary novels published in the same. In our test cases, we will attempt to establish some of the more promising aspects of stylometric analysis, as well as single out the experiments that yield no relevant result. Because of the relative novelty of the method, the purpose of our investigations is to offer a kind of pilot experiment that can illustrate the benefits of using computational methods on Romanian literary corpora.
The Sickle and the Piano. A Distant Reading of Work in the Nineteenth Century Romanian Novel
Authors: Baghiu Ștefan , Borza Cosmin
Published: December 2020

This article conducts a semantic search of The Digital Museum of the Romanian Novel: The 19th Century (MDRR), through which the authors attempt to identify the occurrences of several key concepts for class and labour imagery in the nineteenth-century Romanian novel, such as “muncă” [labour/work], “muncitor” [labourer/worker], “țăran” [peasant], “funcționar” [civil servant], alongside two main words that strikingly point out to a dissemblance of representation of work: “seceră” [sickle] and “pian” [piano]. The authors show that physical work is underrepresented in the Romanian novel between 1844 and 1900, and that novelists prefer to participate to the rise of the novel through representing the bourgeois intimate space.
Photographic Portrait in the 19th Century – Uses and Functions in the Construction of Celebrities. The Case of Émile Zola
Authors: Vieira Célia , Santos Inês
Published: December 2020

The main goal of this study is to establish a relationship between the use of the portrait and the concept of celebrity, at the end of the 19th century, taking as a corpus of analysis a set of requests for photographs sent by letter to Zola, from correspondents located in different parts of the world. It is intended, through a qualitative analysis of this collection, to identify the functionalities and contexts within this set of correspondents requested these images, in order to understand the role that photography has taken in the symbolic construction process of this figure as a celebrity.
The Investigation of the Relationship between Narcissism, Perfectionism, Loneliness, Depression, Subjective and Psychological Well-being in a Sample of Transylvanian Hungarian and Romanian Students
Authors: Kállay Éva
Published: December 2020

"The last decades have witnessed a significant increase in several forms of human psychological malfunctioning, aspects that proved to significantly endanger healthy and efficient human adaptation. Mental health indicators (anxiety, depression, reduced levels of happiness), perfectionism, narcissism, and loneliness have significantly increased, despite the significant improvement of existent life-conditions. The market-based competition and reward system in the educational and professional spheres, as well as the perfectionistic expectations specific to the personal life impose high demands on the individual, which usually become sources of significant chronic stress, further impacting the individual’s quality of life (psychological and subjective well-being, loneliness). The comparative investigation of the above-mentioned variables in Transylvanian Hungarian and Transylvanian Romanian students would offer us the chance to compare these levels of functioning in two, culturally different samples. Our present study is a continuation and refinement of previous studies, and concentrates on the following major aims: (i) the investigation of the possible differences in narcissism, perfectionism, loneliness, depression, happiness, subjective and psychological well-being in Transylvanian Hungarian and Transylva¬nian Romanian first and second year students; (ii) the investigation of the association patterns between variables in both samples, and (iii) the examination of the role the studied variables play on the major indicators of mental and psychological health (depression and happiness) both in the united sample and on the two samples of students separately. The results of our investigation may be beneficial for the tailoring of future prevention and intervention programs that would target the enhancement of psychological adaptation of Transylvanian students Keywords: narcissism, perfectionism, loneliness, depression, subjective well-being, psychological well-being."
Mujeres en el manicomio: espacios generizados y perfil sociodemográfico de la población psiquiátrica femenina en el Manicomio Provincial de Málaga (1909-1950).
Authors: Garcia-Diaz Celia
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la construcción de la sala 20 y conocer las características sociodemográficas de las mujeres ingresadas en el Manicomio Provincial de Málaga entre 1909 y 1950. Desde una perspectiva de género, se abordarán las diferencias de los espacios entre hombres y mujeres en la institución, así como su repercusión en las prácticas asistenciales.  Las principales fuentes estudiadas son 811 historias clínicas conservadas en el Archivo Provincial de Málaga y en el Fondo Pedro Ortiz Ramos del Archivo Universitario de Granada. Mediante una metodología estadística descriptiva, se analizan la edad, el estado civil, el lugar de nacimiento y residencia, la profesión y la procedencia de las mujeres al ingreso. Se comparan los resultados con poblaciones psiquiátricas de otras instituciones investigadas en nuestro ámbito.
Fenología del pecán: resultados preliminares sobre el comportamiento floral en el centro-norte de la provincia de Buenos Aires
Authors: Borda Marcela Patricia , Pescie María de los Ángeles , Mollá Kralj Andrés , Otero Elizabeth , López César Gabriel
Published: December 2020

El pecán [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] se desarrolla en Argentina desde mediados del siglo XX, aunque su interés resurgió en los últimos años impulsado por el importante dinamismo que experimentó el comercio mundial de los frutos secos. Como árbol monoico y dicogámico, el estudio del comportamiento floral se torna de vital importancia para una exitosa implementación de la especie en regiones poco tradicionales como el centro-norte de Buenos Aires. El objetivo del trabajo fue establecer los momentos de aparición y senescencia de las flores masculinas y femeninas en árboles jóvenes de pecán cultivados en la región centro-norte de la provincia de Buenos Aires. El ensayo se ubicó en una plantación comercial en Navarro (Bs. As), donde por tres años consecutivos se registraron los momentos de inicio y senescencia de las flores masculinas y femeninas de cuatro cultivares, ‘Stuart’, ‘Desirable’, ‘Shoshoni’ y ‘Pawnee’. Los resultados preliminares mostraron que la presencia de ambos tipos de flores se extendió por un lapso de 10 semanas promedio, desde fines de septiembre a principios de diciembre. Todos los cultivares mostraron superposición de sus floraciones, asegurándose la polinización cruzada. Este conocimiento le brindará información al productor para la selección de los cultivares, ajustar las aplicaciones de agroquímicos para evitar daños de las flores y obtener mejores rendimientos y calidad de fruto. Como así también permitirá ajustar las fechas de los periodos de liberación del polen y receptividad del estigma, considerados momentos clave para la producción de este cultivo.
Reducing Effect of Vibration on Footing using Different Materials
Authors: H. Hussein Ali , A. Zakaria Waad
Published: December 2020

This paper investigates the reduction of vibration effect between two footings by placing a trench between them. On the first footing (designated as the source footing), on electric-rotary motor is fitted, it has dimensions of (80x80) mm. Beside the source footing a second footing is placed and on this footing the reduction in vibration effects are to be investigated. Both the source footing, nearby footing and trench are placed over compacted gypseous soil in a steel tank having gypsum content with (50%). Tests are performed under dry and soaking conditions. The tests are managed under dynamic load for three frequencies (8,14 and 20) Hz, to install amplitude, velocity, and acceleration of the footing before and after drilling the trench, also to compare between the materials to choose the best material to reduce vibrations. The results showed that all parameters in above for the footing varying in values when change the material used to filling trench.
Structural Behavior of Hollow Reinforced Concrete Beams: A Review
Authors: M. Abdulhusain Haider , A. Ismael Murtada
Published: December 2020

This paper reviews some experimental and numerical results about the hollow reinforced concrete beams (HRCB). Any subtraction in concrete quantity within the structural members without a considerable lack in load carrying capacity represents a common research trend nowadays due to the decrease in sections dimensions, reinforcing steel and lateral inertia forces in severe earthquakes as well as the sustainability gain for the resulting inhibiting of CO2 emission. In addition, the possibility of passing the electrical and mechanical facilities comprises another good feature of such type of structural members. During the traditional beam design process, the tension concrete is considered as strain transfer agent and do not have any role for structural resistance. As a result, longitudinal holes can be made within this area to produce the hollow reinforced concrete beams (HRCB). In this paper some remarkable research works are summarized with the most important conclusions within this field.
Book Review: Heidi Blake, From Russia with Blood: The Kremlin’s Ruthless Assassination Program and Vladimir Putin’s Secret War on the West. New York: Mulholland Books, 2019.
Authors: Cuevas Aaron J.
Published: December 2020

In the years following the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union, Western leaders and political scientists lauded the turning point in history as a momentous triumph of democracy and economic liberalism over communism and the doomed command economic model. Western nations and the United Kingdom in particular, saw the period immediately after the Soviet collapse as an opportunity for political and economic cooperation not seen in more than a half century. Lavish public relations events including state dinners, meetings with the Queen of England and inclusion on the G-8 Economic Council were all extended to and accepted by Russia’s president in the years following what many in the West considered a victory for global democracies everywhere. Yet in Heidi Blake’s book, From Russia with Blood: The Kremlin’s Ruthless Assassination Program and Vladimir Putin’s Secret War on the West, what becomes vividly clear is that to Putin, this event marked the “greatest geopolitical catastrophe of the twentieth century” (p.12), and he laid the blame squarely on the West.
ASPEK KOMUNIKASI VISUAL DAN ESTETIKA PADA KARYA DESAIN GRAFIS BERGAYA GLITCH ART
Authors: Migotuwio Namuri
Published: December 2020

Seni kontemporer berkembang dan mengakomodir berbagai teknik dan media dalam berkarya. Teknologi menjadi salah satu bagian dari proses berkesenian bahkan menjadi media berkesenian itu sendiri. Dalam praktik berkesenian saat ini, keberadaan teknologi mampu merubah cara pandang dan juga cara produksi sebuah karya seni. Salah satu karya seni yang sedang berkembang dewasa ini adalah trend desain bergaya glitch art, yang mulai diterima dan banyak direplikasi kedalam berbagai karya seni dua dimensi dan audio visual. Penelitian ini akan menggali lebih dalam tentang bagaimana pengaruh gaya glitch art pada karya desain grafis dengan pendekatan posstrukturalisme, serta menganalisa aspek estetika dan komunikasi visual pada karya dengan pendekatan teori desain komunikasi visual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling, observasi dan studi literatur. Hasil dari studi analisis ditemukan bahwa dalam konstruksi posstrukturalisme karya glitch art membuka pintu kreativitas bagi para desainer grafis untuk menciptakan karya tanpa dibatasi aturan tertentu. Aspek komunikasi dalam karya desain bergaya glitch art dapat diinterpretasi melalui pembacaan simbol-simbol yang ada, dan untuk menangkap aspek estetika pada karya glitch art harus memandang gagasan tanpa dibatasi oleh sekat aturan visualisasi yang selama ini dibangun.Kata Kunci : glitch art, grafis, posstrukturalisme, estetika, komunikasi
UTICAJ KARAKTERISTIKA LIDERA NA ANGAŽOVANJE ZAPOSLENIH
Authors: Ratkajec Nina
Published: December 2020

Cilj rada je istraživanje uticaja karakteristika lidera na angažovanje zaposlenih. Problem istraživanja može se predstaviti pitanjem: da li postoji povezanost između intenziteta angažovanja zaposlenih u radu i intenziteta određenih karakteristika lidera, posmatrano na celom uzorku, a zatim uzimajući u obzir sociodemografske varijable kao što su: pol, starost, dužina radnog staža i pozicija u organizaciji i sl.

Istraživanje je izvršeno u oktobru 2019. u kome je učestvovalo 67 ispitanika u proizvodnoj kompaniji. U posmatranom uzorku, 79.1% ispitanika zaposleni su na pozicijama koje nisu rukovodećeg tipa, dok je 20.9 % ispitanika obavlja posao na rukovodećoj poziciji. Podaci dobijeni ispitivanjem analizirani su u Microsoft Excel-u i IBM SPSS Statistics Data Editor (verzija 20) pri čemu rezultati analiza ukazuju na postojanje povezanosti između karakteristika lidera i angažovanja zaposlenih.
Entrando en el juego: The Role of Hispanic-Serving Institutions in Fostering Educational and Athletic Outcomes for Latinx Athletes
Authors: Grafnetterova Nikola , Gutierrez Jocelyn A. , Banda Rosa M.
Published: December 2020

Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs) enroll the majority of Latinx undergraduate students and constitute the second-largest institutional type in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (D1). Yet, little is known about the role intercollegiate athletics play in fostering educational outcomes for Latinx students at HSIs. Under the guise of Latinx critical race theory, this qualitative study examined how HSIs operate both the federal designation and NCAA D1 membership in relation to athletic participation and completion outcomes for Latinx student-athletes. Document analysis was utilized to disaggregate data from various reports to identify the HSI-D1 institutions and their Latinx athletes’ participation, and graduation rates. These findings were then compared to the overall NCAA D1 averages. Among the findings, Latinx student-athletes graduated at higher rates than non-athletes from the HSI-D1s. However, as an aggregate, these institutions had below average graduation rates of Latinx students and student-athletes in comparison to the national rates across NCAA D1 membership. Furthermore, HSI-D1s provided limited athletic participation opportunities for Latinx athletes. The study concluded with the implications of findings and recommendations for future studies.
In a State of Becoming: How Institutions Communicate Asian American and Pacific Islander- and Latinx-Servingness Through Campus Artifacts
Authors: Alcantar Cynthia Maribel , Rincón Blanca E. , Espinoza Kristine Jan
Published: December 2020

This study examines the ways campus artifacts communicate Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI)- and Latinx-servingness at dually designated Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-Serving Institutions (AANAPISIs) and Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs). Using critical ethnographic methods, the researchers collected data at three AANAPISI- HSIs regionally concentrated in a western state. Findings from this study reveal that the campus environments of the three institutions were in a state of flux and are captured through two interconnected themes that emerged from the data: striving to become and undermining progress towards becoming. This study has implications for understanding how AANAPISI-HSIs communicate AAPI- and Latinx-servingness through campus artifacts.
The transition experiences of division I and III collegiate athletes
Authors: Smith Allison , Hardin Rob
Published: December 2020

Athletic transition has been explored in sport management and sport psychology literature primarily focusing on transitioning into collegiate athletics, voluntary and involuntary transitions out of collegiate sport, and transitioning out of professional sport. This study compared NCAA Division I and III collegiate athletes’ perceptions regarding the athletic transition process. Semi-structured interviews were utilized to uncover the perceptions and experiences surrounding the transition process into, during, and out of collegiate sport (Lindlof & Taylor, 2019; Schlossberg, 1981). Three themes emerged from the data: Moving In: Compatability, Moving Through: Identity Directly Tied to Sport, and Moving Out: Redefining Oneself. More specifically, the participants explained coaches and proximity to home helped foster a sense of compatability in institution choice. All of the participants believed sport was important to their lives and tied to their current identity. Lastly, participants detailed the upcoming transition out of sport was either an opportunity for growth or accompanied with uncertainty and sadness surrounding this significant life change. These findings highlight the responsibility of intercollegiate athletic departments and institutions to provide assistance in these transitional processes through coach, administrator, and athlete education and programming.
Performa Ayam KUB (Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan) dan Sentul Terseleksi (Sensi) dengan Penggunaan Bahan Pakan Lokal Pada Umur 0-11 Minggu di Balitbangtan BPTP Sumatera Utara
Authors:   Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Sumatera Utara, Hasyim Aulia Rahmad , Alwiyah  ,   Loka Penelitian Kambing Potong Sei Putih, Rahma Firda Farida ,   Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Aceh, Ramija Khadijah EL ,   Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Sumatera Utara, Khairiah  ,   Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Sumatera Utara, Yusriani Yenni ,   Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Aceh
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Lapang Kandang Ayam KUB Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai April tahun 2020. Ayam yang digunakan adalah ayam Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) dan Ayam Sentul Terseleksi (Sensi) umur 0-11 minggu sebanyak 80 ekor. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 11 minggu. Pakan diberikan secara ad libitum selama pemeliharaan. Pakan komersial (crumble) diberikan pada anak ayam umur sehari (DOC) hingga umur 4 minggu, umur 4-12 minggu diberi perlakuan berupa pakan komersil murni dan campuran pakan lokal. Uji T-test digunakan untuk mengetahui perbedaan penggunaan pakan terhadap bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan dan mortalitas pada ayam KUB dan ayam Sensi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pakan komersil berpengaruh nyata pada bobot badan ayam Sensi pada umur 9 dan 11 minggu dan umur 5, 8 dan 11 minggu pada ayam KUB. Pakan komersil juga berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan bobot badan pada ayam Sensi. Tingkat kematian ayam Sensi dan KUB pada umur 0-4 minggu mencapai 4-5% dan umur 4-11 minggu mencapai 2-3%.
Potret Penyembelihan Hewan Qurban Pada Era New Normal di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat
Authors:   Universitas Antakusuma, Wijinindyah Ayutha
Published: December 2020

Penyembelihan hewan qurban adalah salah satu bentuk ibadah umat muslim. Pada situasi pandemi saat ini maka perlu diperhatikan prosedur penyembelihan hewan qurban sehingga pelaksanaannya sesuai dengan protokol kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pelaksanaan penyembelihan hewan qurban yang sesuai dengan syariat Islam dan protokol kesehatan terkait Covid-19. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan metode survei yang dilakukan pada tempat pemotongan hewan yang ada di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat, Kalimantan Tengah. Hasil memperlihatkan protokol kesehatan sudah dapat diterapkan antara lain terdapat perbedaan petugas yang menangani penanganan daging dan jeroan, penyediaan fasilitas cuci tangan (sabun atau handsanitizer), menghindari kontak langsung dan memperhatikan etika bersin dan batuk atau meludah, panitia juga berasal dari lingkungan tempat tinggal yang sama dan tidak dalam masa karantina mandiri, melakukan pembersihan setelah kegiatan selesai. Kesimpulannya, petugas secara umum mengetahui protokol kesehatan, namun protokol kesehatan belum diterapkan pada saat penyembelihan hewan qurban. Edukasi dari dinas terkait memberi pengaruh bagi masyarakat tentang protokol kesehatan selama penyembelihan hewan qurban.
Kecernaan Lemak Kasar dan Bobot Karkas Ayam Broiler Akibat Penambahan Ekstrak Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) dan Lactobacillus acidophilus
Authors:   Universitas Diponegoro, Setyoko Hari , Sukamto Bambang ,   Universitas Diponegoro, Wahyono Fajar ,   Universitas Diponegoro, Krismiyanto Lilik ,   Universitas Diponegoro
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan kombinasi Ekstrak Buah Mengkudu (EBM) dan Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) terhadap kecernaan lemak kasar, persentase lemak abdominal, dan bobot karkas ayam broiler. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial 3x3 dengan 9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan (setiap unit percobaan berisi 7 ekor ayam broiler). Perlakuan yang diterapkan pada penelitian yaitu A1B1 = EBM 0,04% + LA 0%; A1B2 = EBM 0,04% + LA 0,6%; A1B3 = EBM 0,04% + LA 1,2%; A2B1 = EBM 0,08% + LA 0%; A2B2 = EBM 0,08% + LA 0,6%; A2B3 = EBM 0,08% + LA 1,2%; A3B1 = EBM 0,12% + LA 0%; A3B2 = EBM 0,12% + LA 0,6%; A3B3 = EBM 0,12% + LA 1,2%. Parameter yang diukur meliputi kecernaan lemak kasar, persentase lemak abdominal, dan bobot karkas ayam broiler. Hasil penelitian dianalisis ANOVA. Apabila terdapat perbedaan tingkat signifikansi maka dilakukan uji lanjut dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penambahan kombinasi EBM dan LA berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap kecernaan lemak kasar, persentase lemak abdominal, dan bobot karkas ayam broiler. Kesimpulan penelitian yaitu penambahan kombinasi ekstrak buah mengkudu pada taraf 0,12% dan Lactobacillus acidophilus 1,2% dapat meningkatkan kecernaan lemak kasar dan bobot karkas namun menurukan persentase lemak abdominal.
Review: Penambahan Mikroenkapsulasi Minyak Ikan Pada Pakan Sebagai Inovasi Enrichment Feed Untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Unggas
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Febrantama Yuke Dorik , Hambali Muhamad Imam ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Akbar Abigeil ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Ningsih Niati ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember
Published: December 2020

Mikroenkapsulasi minyak ikan merupakan teknik untuk melapisi komponen asam lemak esensial pada minyak ikan dengan menggunakan bahan pelapis tertentu. Fungsi teknik mikroenkapsulasi adalah untuk menjaga dan melindungi kestabilan komponen penting dalam minyak ikan agar dapat dimanfaatkan oleh tubuh ternak. Tujuan dari penulisan artikel review ini adalah untuk mengetahui teknik mikroenkasulasi pada minyak ikan sebagai inovasi enrichment feed dan pengaruhnya terhadap produktivitas unggas. Minyak ikan adalah bahan pakan sumber lemak esensial yang dibutuhkan ternak, akan tetapi dalam penggunaanya mudah teroksidasi oleh pengaruh lingkungan sehingga memiliki stabilitas umur simpan yang pendek dan kualitas yang cepat menurun. Penggunaan mikroenkapsulasi minyak ikan telah dilakukan pada beberapa unggas seperti puyuh, broiler dan layer. Penggunaan mikroenkapsulasi minyak ikan pada pakan dilaporkan dapat meningkatkan produktivias dan menurunkan kandungan kolesterol pada daging ayam broiler, serta meningkatkan kandungan asam lemak omega 3 dan menurunkan kandungan kolesterol pada kuning telur. Pemanfatan teknik mikroenkapsulasi minyak ikan pada pakan unggas masih jarang dilakukan sehingga perlu dikaji lebih dalam agar dapat dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas unggas dan juga meningkatkan kualitas dari produk peternakan.
Perbaikan Kualitas Tepung Putih Telur Ayam Ras dengan Fermentasi Menggunakan Ragi Tempe
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Hertamawati Rosa Tri , Muhammad Abid ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama waktu fermentasi ragi tempe yang berbeda terhadap kualitas tepung putih telur. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan lama waktu fermentasi yang digunakan yaitu P0 (tanpa fermentasi), P1 (6 jam), P2 (12 jam), dan P3 (24 jam) dengan 5 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah kadar protein, kadar air, kadar abu, dan warna. Data hasil uji kadar protein, kadar air, kadar abu, dan warna dianalisis dengan analisis variansi dan diuji lanjut dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama fermentasi ragi tempe yang berbeda meningkatkan kadar protein, dan menurunkan kadar air, kadar abu, dan skor warna tepung putih telur. Lama fermentasi ragi tempe selama 6 jam dapat memperbaiki kualitas tepung putih telur ayam ras.
Kajian Nilai Gizi Bakso Dengan Bahan Dasar Daging Itik Petelur Afkir
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Prayitno Agus Hadi , Rahman Taufik Hainur ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji nilai gizi bakso dengan bahan dasar daging itik petelur afkir. Materi penelitian terdiri dari daging itik petelur afkir, tepung tapioka, putih telur, bawang putih, bawang merah, garam, lada, monosodium glutamat, sodium tripolifosfat, dan es. Nilai gizi bakso dihitung berdasarkan angka kecukupan gizi bakso yang mengacu pada rata-rata kecukupan energi bagi penduduk Indonesia per orang per hari yaitu sebesar 2.150 kkal, protein total 60 g, lemak total 67 g, dan serat pangan 30 g dengan takaran saji 50 g dengan jumlah bakso sebanyak 5 butir. Sampel diuji dengan 3 kali ulangan. Data hasil perhitungan nilai gizi bakso dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mengkonsumsi bakso daging itik petelur afkir berdasarkan angka kecukupan gizi dengan takaran saji 50 g dapat memenuhi kebutuhan harian lemak 18,21%, protein 8,84%, dan serat pangan 0,18%.
Pengolahan Limbah Ayam Petelur Sebagai Pupuk Organik
Authors:   Institut Sains dan Teknologi Al-Kamal Jakarta, Halim Abdul
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas pupuk organik yang dihasilkan dari proporsi kotoran ayam petelur dengan sekam padi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 level perlakuan rasio kotoran ayam petelur dan sekam padi yaitu P1 (1:1), P2 (2:1), dan P3 (1:2). Penelitian diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah nitrogen (N), fosfor (P), kalium (K), karbon (C) organik, rasio C/N, dan pH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rasio kotoran ayam petelur dan sekam padi berpengaruh nyata terhadap kandungan N, P, K, C organik, dan rasio C/N. Pupuk organik ayam petelur dengan imbangan sekam padi 2:1 paling tinggi mengandung N (5,6%), P (2,5%), C (35,6%), K (2,1%), dengan kelembapan 32,4%.