bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROFIL ASAM LEMAK DAN ASAM AMINO GONAD BULU BABI
Authors: Afifudin Isna Kurniati , Suseno Sugeng Heri , Jacoeb Agoes Mardiono
Published: September 2016

Bulu babi merupakan salah satu sumber daya hayati dengan tingkat keanekaragaman jenis yang tinggi di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan komposisi kimia (kadar air, abu, lemak, protein, karbohidrat), profil asam lemak dan asam amino pada gonad bulu babi Diadema setosum, Echinothrix calamaris dan Echinothrix diadema. Profil asam lemak ditentukan dengan gas kromatografi dan asam amino dengan HPLC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gonad bulu babi D. setosum, E. calamaris dan E. diadema mengandung asam lemak total masing-masing yaitu 60,37%, 58,35% dan 58,55%. Kandungan asam lemak tertinggi yaitu asam palmitat sebesar 18,44% pada gonad D. setosum, 16,65% pada gonad E. diadema dan 16,55% pada gonad E. calamaris. Tiga jenis gonad bulu babi ini mengandung asam lemak tak jenuh omega-3 sebesar (3,16-3,99)%, omega-6 (9,21-13,88)%, omega-9 (3,95-5,01)%, EPA (2,3-2,89)% dan DHA (0,38-0,73)%. Asam amino yang terkandung di dalam gonad bulu babi ini yaitu 15 jenis yang terdiri atas 8 jenis asam amino esensial dan 7 jenis asam amino non-esensial. Kandungan asam amino total pada D.setosum, E. calamaris dan E. diadema adalah 13,41%, 10,49% dan 10,72%.
Kata kunci: Diadema setosum, Echinothrix calamaris, Echinothrix diadema, proksimat.
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN EFEK HEPATOPROTEKTIF DAUN BAKAU API-API PUTIH
Authors: Hardiningtyas Safrina Dyah , Purwaningsih Sri - , Handharyani Ekowati -
Published: September 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan ekstrak kasar daun api-api putih yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan terbaik, menentukan kandungan fitokimia dan efek Hepatoprotektif ekstrak kasar yang dipilih secara in vivo. Daun api-api putih diekstrak menggunakan tiga jenis pelarut, yakni metanol, etil asetat dan n-heksana. Dalam uji in vivo dilakukan evaluasi terhadap kadar malondialdehid (MDA), enzim aspartat transaminase (AST), enzim alanin transaminase (ALT), dan histopatologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstraksi daun api-api putih dengan pelarut etil asetat menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan terbaik dengan kandungan fitokimia terdiri dari flavonoid dan steroid/triterpenoid. Pemberian ekstrak etil asetat daun api-api putih pada tikus yang telah diinduksi CCl4 dapat menormalkan berbagai parameter biokimia stres oksidatif (kadar MDA, AST, dan ALT) dibandingkan dengan standar Silymarin. Ekstrak daun api-api putih berpotensi untuk melindungi hati tikus dari kerusakan oksidatif yang diinduksi CCl4. Efek Hepatoprotektif ekstrak daun api-api putih berkorelasi dengan aktivitas antioksidannya.
Kata kunci: antioksidan, Avicennia marina, ekstrak, hepatoprotektor
Chemical Compound, Phytochemical and Toxicity on Green Rough-backed Puffer from Cirebon District
Authors: Pratama Ginanjar , Nurjanah - - , Suwandi Ruddy , Jacoeb Agoes Mardiono
Published: September 2016

This aims of study was to assess yield, nutrient content and in vitro assay of extract on green rough-backed puffer from Cirebon district. The method used in this study was the proximate analysis, phytochemicals, and BSLT test of extracts on three parts of puffer fish (meat, viscera and skin). Puffer fish used measure around 10-13 cm. The yield obtained was meat 37.80%, bone 45.71%, viscera 7.25% and skin 9.23%. Protein content showed greatest potential, protein in the fish meat was 18.54% while the skin was 25.31%. Phytochemical test showed the entire extract has a positive value for alkaloids and have a negative value on the other reagents, except meat extract on molisch test. Phytochemical test results indicated that the meat of green rough-backed puffer contain tetrodotoxin, but the amount was unknown. LC50 values in meat extract was 104.3498μg/mL, extract the viscera of 105.4564μg/mL, and the skin extract was 104.9637μg/mL. These results showed that the extract of meat, viscera and skin of the puffer fish is not toxic, although there are indications of tetrodotoxin in the flesh.
Keywords: extracts, phytochemical, green rough-backed puffer, nutrient content
The Contents af Fatty Acid, Cholestrol, and Description of Tissue in Fresh and Boiled Eel
Authors: Jacoeb Agoes Mardiono , Suptijah Pipih , Kamila Rezki
Published: September 2016

Eel (Monopterus albus) is an aquatic biota that have a high nutrient content such as fatty acids and cholesterol. The purpose of this research was to determine the chemical composition, fatty acid, cholesterol, and description of tissue in fresh dan boiled eel. The research was carried out in several steps include sampling, sample preparation, morphometric and yield calculations, boiling eel for 20 minutes at 100ºC. Analysis performed in fresh and boiled eel was proximate analysis, fatty acids, cholesterol, and observation of tissue structure. The highest content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in fresh eel was palmitic acid 13.79%, the highest content of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) was oleic acid 19.45%, the highest content of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) was linoleic acid 7.42%. The content of fatty acid and cholesterol in eel has changed overall due to the boiling process. The content of cholesterol were 60 mg/100 g (in fresh eel) and 56.32 mg/100 g (in boiled sample). The structure of eel’s tissue changed due the boiling process.
Keywords: cholesterol, eel (Monopterus albus), fatty acid, tissue structure
Selection, Identification and Optimization of the Growth Water Probiotic Consortium of Mangrove Ecosystems as Bioremediation and Biocontrol in Shrimp Ponds
Authors: Setyati Wilis Ari , Martani Erni - , - Triyanto - , - Subagiyo - , Zainuddin Muhammad -
Published: September 2016

Shrimp aquaculture is an activity that potentially generates organic waste. The accumulation of organic matter is becoming one of the main factors causing the emergence of disease. Problem-solving approach that is most effective is through bioremediation. The aims of this study were to select, identify and cultivate bacteria from mangrove sediments from Cilacap, Rembang and Banyuwangi which potentially as probiotic consortium of bioremediation activity and biocontrol. The results showed that total of 45 isolates (proteolytic), 35 isolates (amylolytic), 35 isolates (lipolytic), and 18 isolates (cellulolytic). There were 59 bacterial isolates had antibacterial activity of vibrio (V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus, V. vulnificus and V. anguilarum). Based on the identification of 16 S-rRNA genes, 4 isolates showed that the C2 isolate was identified as Bacillus subtilis, C11 isolate was identified as Bacillus firmus, C13 and C14 isolates were identified as B. Flexus. This study concluded that cultivation of Bacillus subtilis C2 optimum at 2% molase and yeast extract 0.5% at pH 8 and 30 0C. Bacillus firmus C11 optimum at 2% molase and yeast extract 0.5% at pH 8 and 30 0C. Bacillus flexus C13 optimum at 2% glucose and yeast extract 0.5% at pH 8 and 30 0C. Bacillus flexus C14 optimum at 4% molase and yeast extract 0.25% at pH 8 and 30 0C. The result of culture applications of 4 isolates showed an effect of increasing shrimp weight by 141, 9% compared by the control.
Keywords: sediment, mangrove, bioremediation, biocontrol
Fermentation of Tambelo and its product characteristics
Authors: Anwar Lely Okmawaty , Hardjito Linawati - , - Desniar -
Published: September 2016

Tambelo (Bactronophorus sp.) is a wood borer grouped into mollusc and living in the mangrove logs that have died and suffered from decaying process. Regarding empirical experience of the coastal people of Southeast Sulawesi and some research, it indicates that tambelo has a high nutrition which is so beneficial for human’s health. Tambelo is highly perishable and the usage of it is hardly found so the consumption level is low, therefore fermenting the tambelo is the right way. The objectives of this research are to make fermentated tambelo by using bakasang as a starter and to determine the quality of final product.The value of pH, NaCl concentration, total bacteria, and total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) every week for 4 week were analyzed during fermentation, then the quality of final product were determined based on chemical composition and amino acids. During fermentation pH and NaCl concentration decreased however total bacteria and total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) increased in to two weeks then decreased until the fourth week. Tambelo fermentation has a total protein contents which is higher than the total protein of fresh tambelo and fermentation proses was run perfectly although the level are lower than the total amino acid compotition in fresh tambelo.
Keywords: fermentation, mangrove, tambelo
Nori sheet imitation in form edible film With materials of protein myofibrillar tilapia
Authors: Riyanto Bambang - , Trilaksani Wini - , Susyiana Lianny Eka
Published: September 2016

Nori is a traditional japanese food made from sea algae Phorphyra with a very large market demand. Phorphyra have ecophysiological aspects of the cultivation of the most successful, but only on the development of the East Asian subtropical climates. Edible film based polymer material of myofibrillar proteins is innovation can be developedto anticipate of those needs. Typical characteristics of nori and the availability of edible film, making the development of nori sheet imitation is possibly to be conducted.The purpose of the research was to developed formulations imitation nori sheet with the idea myofibrillar protein-based edible film of tilapia. Homogenisation myofibrillar proteins of tilapia concentration of 28% (w/v), 30% (w/v) and 32% (w/v) was performed with 3 ml of 1M NaOH (pH 11), 10% glycerol (plasticizer), and leaves suji solution, continued by casting, drying and hot smoking. Various concentrations were used and significantly gave effect to the thickness, hardness/fracturability or brittleness, content of protein, fat, ash, water, dietary fiber and potassium, but not for the tensile strength of the nori sheet imitation. Nori sheet imitation based on myofibrillar proteins of tilapia that characteristically almost equal with commercial nori is a concentration of 28% (w/v).
Keywords: Edible film, myofibrillar protein, nori, tilapia
The Characteristic of Black Bakau Fruit as Extract of Antioxidant Source
Authors: Podunge Fitriany , Purwaningsih Sri , Nurhayati Tati
Published: September 2016

Rhizophora mucronata is the dominant species plant in Mangrove forests of Kwandang,
North Gorontalo. The objectives of this study were to determine the characteristics of fruit
and evaluate antioxidant activity including toxicity and bioactive compound of bakau
extract . The morphometric value of the fruit has average length 66,75±3,64 cm and weight
110,40±10,84 g. The content of ash, protein, and fat were 98±0,03%, 1,75±0,19 %, and
1,69±0,36 %, respectively; and the amounts of soluble, insoluble, and total dietary fibers
were 6,75±1,08, 74,42±1,87, and 81,49±2,40 g/100 g, respectively. The boiling process of
bakau fruit until 30 minutes showed the best activity of toxicity and radical scavenging.
The potency of bakau fruit as antioxidant related to the bioactive compounds of its such as
flavonoid, hidroquinon, triterpenoid, tanin, and saponin.
Keywords: Dietary fiber, Mangrove, morphometric, toxicity
Extraction and Characterization of Collagen from Sea Cucumber Flesh
Authors: Alhana A. , Suptijah Pipih , Tarman Kustiariyah
Published: September 2016

Sea cucumber (Stichopus variegatus) is one of the Echinodermata phylum that grows
along Indonesian coastal. Sea cucumber is potential source of collagen. The purposes of this
research were to determine the optimal concentration of NaOH and CH3COOH solution
in collagen production and analyze the physicochemical characteristics of collagen from
S. variegatus. Yield of the collagen was 1.5% (based on wet weight basis), produced by
pretreatment with NaOH 0,30%, hydrolysis with CH3COOH 0.10% and extracted using
distilled water. Protein, moisture, and ash content of the collagen was 67.68%, 13.64%,
and 4.15%, respectively. Collagen was extracted using distilled water at 45°C during 2h
and still had triple helix structure ; pH 7.37 ; melting temperature 163.67°C and whiteness
69.25%. The major amino acid content of collagen were glycine, alanine, proline and
glutamic acid.
Keywords: NaOH, collagen, Stichopus variegatus, FTIR.
The Organoleptic and Smoked Catfish Histology from Pre-cooking
Authors: Yuliastri Venny , Suwandi Ruddy , Uju U.
Published: September 2016

Catfish is one of the main commodities in fresh water aquaculture. Indonesia catfish
production increased 37,49% in 2010 until 2014. Protein content of catfish is 17.7-26.7%
and fat about 0.95 until 11.5%. The objective of this study was to determine the best
organoleptic and to study the changes of tissue structure of catfish caused by process precooking
and smoking process. Precooked Catfish with variation 5, 10 and 15 minute;
temperature of 100oC, and smoked for 7 hours with a temperature of 90°C, analyzed in
laboratory. The results organoleptic consumers is the favored smoke catfish without any
pre – cooking and catfish-results of pre-cooking for 5 minutes i.e. ten successive sense
8.66; 7.66 smell 8.46; 7.8appearance 8.13;5.93 texture 6.86; 6.93. Organoleptic low on 

pre-cooked for 15 minutes the sense of 5.66 smell 7 appearance of 2.93 texture 5.53.
Pre–cooked for 15 minutes has the highest water content of 26.33%. Pre–cooked for 5
minutes with the lowest value of 16.23%. smoked catfish without any pre–cooking has
the highest value of aw 0.82. Pre–cooked for 15 minutes had the lowest value of 0.78.
Observation on histology showed fresh catfish the structure of the connective tissue still
compact. Precooked catfish, myomer begins damage, catfish smoke without pre-cooking
is characterized by the formation of fibrils wafy fibers are separated from one another and
pre-cooking smoked catfish, myoseptum damaged and lead to the distance inter myomer
but myomer still intact.
Keywords : Muscle, sensory analysis, water activity,water content
The Use of Alginate in Lemon Extract Effervescent Powder Production
Authors: Murdinah M.
Published: September 2016

Study on the use of alginate in lemon (Citrus medica var lemon) extract effervescent
powder production has conducted. The aims of the research are to determine the optimum
concentration of alginate used in lemon extract effervescent powder to produced best
product and acceptance consumen.The lemon extract effervescent powder formula
consisted of lemon extract powder, sucrose, aspartame, salt and effervescent mix (citric
acid-tartrat acid-sodium bicarbonat). The alginate used in this study was extracted from
Sargassum filipendula sea weed. The concentration of alginate used in lemon effervescent
powder production was varied from 1; 2; 3 and 4%. The parameters observed to see the
quality of the product were moisture content, ash content, pH, viscosity and organoleptic 

of dietary fiber, sugar content, vitamin C content, total titratable acids, TPC and E.Coli
to the best product. The result showed that the higher the concentration of alginate used
in lemon effervescent powder production, the higher viscousness and the lower the
organoleptic value. The optimum concentration of alginate used in the lemon extract
effervescent powder processing was 1%. The characteristic this product 7.60% moisture
content, 0.86% insoluble dietary fiber , 7.92% soluble dietary fiber, 3.74% sugar content,
55,26 mg/100 g vitamin C, 134.15 mL 0.1 NaOH/100 mL total titratable acids, 20 cPs
viscosity, <2.5x102 coloni/mL TPC and E.Coli negative.
Keywords: Alginate, characteristic, effervescent powder, lemon extract
Factors influencing atherogenic indices in type 2 diabetic women in northwestern Algeria
Authors: Diaf Mustapha , Khaled Boumediene Méghit
Published: September 2016

Background: Type 2 diabetic women are at higher risk of developing atherogenic dyslipidemia. The major possible risk factors are obesity, abdominal fat accumulation and poor glycaemic control. However, menopause-related changes could be another determinant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interrelationships of these risk factors and their independent effects on atherogenic indices in type 2 diabetes women.

Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study, which includes 160 women agreed to participate in this study. Anthropometrics, biochemical parameters and blood pressure were measured. Atherogenic indices - total cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TC/HDL) and apolipoprotein (apo) B-to-apo A1 ratio, were calculated. Individual risk factors were examined in relationship to these atherogenic indices using correlation tests and logistic regression.  

Results: 23.12% of the participants were normal weight and 76.87% were overweight/obese. The overall mean age was 57.70±11.16 years. Diabetes duration (˃5years), anthropometric parameters, poor glycaemic control, high apo B and high level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were found to be significant determinants of atherogenic indices changes. The TC/HDL ratio was weakly associated with both BMI and waist circumference. However, the apo B/apo A1 ratio provided positive correlations with anthropometric parameters, especially with waist circumference (p=0.185, r=0.108, r2=0.012), and this, in both pre and post-menopausal type 2 diabetic women.

Conclusions: The atherogenic risk, estimated by TC/HDL and apo B/apo A1 ratios, becomes more severe with higher anthropometric parameters (BMI and waist circumference), diabetes duration and poor glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes women and this during both premenopausal and postmenopausal periods. 
Synchronously detected seminoma of both testis in a middle aged male with bilateral cryptorchidism
Authors: Afsar Nabila , Wase Abdul , Fatima S. Nikhath , Abid Zakia
Published: September 2016

Bilateral testicular tumours are rare and 80% occur metachronously. Synchronous bilateral testicular tumours are rare, and bilateral synchronous testicular tumours in bilateral cryptorchidism are extremely rare with only few cases reported previously. A 36 year old male patient presented to surgical OP with complaints of pain in scrotal region of both sides since 6-8 months. He was asymptomatic previously except for complaints of empty scrotal sac. Magnetic resonance imaging performed 6 months back revealed bilateral large oval to mildly irregular inguinal swellings with iso to hyperintense areas measuring 36×23×20 mm on right side and 34×26×20 mm on left side and patient was diagnosed with bilateral undescended testis. Bilateral orchidectomy was performed and the resected specimen was subjected to histopathologic examination. Gross visual examination of the bilateral orchidectomy specimen revealed the larger specimen to measure 7×4×1 cm with grey coloured external surface. Cut section revealed testis measuring 3.5×2 cm and surrounded with fibro adipose tissue. The testicle shows grey brown and grey white areas surrounding a central yellow nodule measuring 1×0.8 cm. The other mass had a yellowish nodular external surface and measured 5.5×4×1 cm. On cut section, normal testicular tissue could not be identified and the entire testis appeared to be replaced by a solid yellowish white homogenous tumour.  Sections from the yellowish smaller mass revealed tumour composed of sheets and trabeculae of large polygonal cells with large vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli and abundant clear to vacuolated cytoplasm. Focal collections of histiocytes and occasional multinucleated giant cells were also seen. Sections from the other larger mass showed a thick fibrotic tunica albuginea with sclerosed and hypoplastic seminiferous tubules in areas of dense hyaline fibrosis. In the centre, a well circumscribed tumour was seen showing similar histologic features as in the contralateral mass. Epididymis did not show tumour infiltration.
Level of serum lactate dehydrogenase in oral submucous fibrosis
Authors: Swamy K. Mallikarjuna , Ganiger Arati
Published: September 2016

Background: Oral cancer is one of the most common form of malignancies in India. In many cases it develops at the site of premalignant lesion. Of all oral premalignant conditions, oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is of greater concern because of its disabling nature and relative greater chances of malignant transformation. Transformation of normal tissue to premalignant lesion and further to oral cancer results in alteration in glycolytic pathway and hence the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. The aim of this study was to estimate the LDH levels in serum of subjects with OSMF and to compare them with healthy controls and to correlate the relationship between pathogenesis of OSMF and the LDH enzyme.

Methods: It is a case control study. The study included 40 diagnosed cases of OSMF and 40 matched healthy controls. Venous blood of 3 ml was collected in both cases and controls. Serum was separated by centrifugation and LDH was estimated by using standard kits. Statistical analysis was done using student ‘t’ test. Pearson's correlation was performed to establish the relationship between study variables.  

Results: It was observed that serum LDH levels were significantly increased in cases of OSMF as compared to controls (p <0.005).

Conclusions: Serum LDH was significantly increased in OSMF and can be used as a valuable biochemical marker in prognosis of OSMF.
A clinical study of symptomatic profile and response in objective and subjective parameters to proton pump inhibitor in laryngopharyngeal reflux
Authors: Y. Kavitha , Dutta Angshuman , K. Sabarigirish , Kumar Joish Upendra
Published: September 2016

Background: The study was conducted to identify the various clinical presentations and findings in cases of LPR and also to study the role of proton pump inhibitor in the management of laryngopharyngeal reflux by observing the effect of proton pump inhibitor on reflux finding score (RFI) and reflux symptom index (RSI).

Methods: A prospective, interventional, cohort study of 50 diagnosed cases of LPR with RSI >13 and RFS >7 (based on fibreoptic laryngoscopic findings) at the time of initial presentation was done. They were treated with a 6 month course of oral cap omeprazole (20 mg twice daily 30 minutes before meals) and followed up at 0, 4, 8 and 24 weeks for any improvement in RSI and RFS scores.  

Results: Most frequent symptoms detected in the cases were frequent clearing of throat, dry cough and sensation of lump in the throat all of which showed significant improvement at follow up at 4 weeks. Most common finding on fibreoptic laryngoscopy was erythema and diffuse laryngeal oedema, both of which showed significant improvement on follow up.There was also a significant change in RSI and RFS after receiving Omeprazole at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and at 24 weeks duration (p <0.0001).

Conclusions: This study dealt mainly with study of combination of clinical features that LPR presents time line of improvement of these features with capsule omeprazole.   It is proposed that a presumptive diagnosis of LPR can be made based on the criteria of RSI and patients be given an empirical therapeutic trial including behavioral and dietary recommendations and 6 months of twice-daily proton-pump inhibitor therapy  for an excellent  clinical response.
Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy: our experience
Authors: A.C. Jyothi , Kumar Ajay , Chiluveru Prawahar
Published: September 2016

Background: The purpose of the study was to determine the outcome and safety of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (ENDO-DCR) with the use of silicon stents in nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

Methods: This study was done in the department of otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery, Navodaya Medical College and Research Centre, Raichur, from January 2013 to June 2015, with a total of 82cases (10 cases with bilateral disease) underwent a standardized procedure, with an endonasal approach to the lacrimal sac, surgical removal of nasal mucosa, lacrimal bone, and a fragment of the frontal process of the maxilla. The medial wall of the lacrimal sac was removed completely and canalicular silicone intubation tube was placed for six weeks post operatively. Main outcome measures were resolution of epiphora, absence of discharge, and patency of the ostium confirmed by irrigation and endoscopic evaluation of neo osteum at 6 weeks.

Results: The ENDO-DCR procedure with adjunctive canalicular silicon intubation tube was successful in 78 (95%) cases. No significant complications were encountered during or after operative period

Conclusions: Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with canalicular silicon intubation for shorter duration (6 weeks) is a safe and successful procedure for the treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction in adults as well as in children with a success rate of 95%.
Effect of intratympanic dexamethasone injection in sudden idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Swamy K. Mallikarjuna , Ganiger Arati
Published: September 2016

Background: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of intratympanic dexamethasone injection (ITDI) in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL).

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 40 patients refractory to intravenous steroid therapy between May 2012 to March 2014. Intratympanic dexamethasone injection was given every week for 3 consecutive weeks. Hearing was assessed by performing pure tone audiogram before every ITDI and also 1 week after the completion of treatment.

Results: Hearing improvement was seen in 27 out of the 40 cases (68%).

Conclusions: Intratympanic dexamethasone significantly improves the prognosis of ISSNHL and is a safe, inexpensive and effective treatment in ISSNHL.
Widening techniques for stomal stenosis: Y-V advancement vs. two circular incisions technique
Authors: Kamath P. Shrinath D. , Cherian Elizabeth , Bhat Vadish S.
Published: September 2016

Background: Tracheostomal stenosis following total laryngectomy for carcinoma of larynx is a challenging condition for an otolaryngologist, especially when the patient requires post-operative radiotherapy. Critical narrowing of the stoma needs surgical widening. Though there are few surgical techniques described for the same, re-stenosis has been observed in many. We conducted a comparative study of two widening techniques: Y-V advancement and two circular incisions technique.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted, to assess the outcome of 2 surgical techniques: Y-V advancement and two circular incisions technique in patients with tracheostomal stenosis following total laryngectomy. Initially three patients were subjected to Y-V advancement technique for stomal dilatation. But all three patients presented with re-stenosis in a mean period of 8 months and were then subjected to stomal widening by the double circular incisions technique. The next five patients who presented with stomal stenosis underwent widening by two circular incisions technique. All 8 patients were followed up for one year postoperatively.  

Results: Among the 8 patients, 3 patients who presented initially underwent stomal widening by the Y-V advancement technique. All 3 patients presented with re-stenosis in a mean period of 8 months post-operatively. Stomal widening using the two circular incisions technique was adopted for these three patients and another 5 patients who presented with stomal stenosis. All 8 patients were found to be maintaining an adequate stoma on one year post-operative follow up.

Conclusions: In our experience, stomal widening by the two circular incisions technique has found to be effective in maintaining an adequate stoma with no features of re-stenosis on a one year postoperative follow up. However a larger study is desirable to conclusion of the same. 
Cervical vagal nerve ganglioneuroma: a rare case report
Authors: Dalmia Deepak , Behera Sanjaya Kumar , Motiwala Mohammed Ali , Rekhi Bharat
Published: September 2016

Ganglioneuromas occurring in the neck are uncommon. Schumacker and Lawrence (1939) stated that cervical ganglioneuroma is a rarest neck tumor. These tumors arise from cells of mantle layer of primitive neural tube and from the neural crest which migrate to a station or intermediate point in the autonomic paraganglionic nervous system. They have thus been described in neck arising elsewhere than from the cervical sympathetic chain e.g. larynx, pharynx and from nodus ganglion of vagus nerve. They may also spread or arise intraspinally. It doesn’t show sex predilection. Both sexes almost equally affected. Most often present as painless, slow growing lateral neck mass. At time of presentation they present with Vocal cord paralysis. Family history may be present. Definite preoperative diagnosis may be difficult and investigations not usually helpful. We are presenting a unique case of management of left cervical vagal nerve ganglioneuroma who presented to us left side neck swelling and hoarseness of voice.
EFEITO DA ADIÇÃO DE INULINA EM BOLO DE BANANA: ANÁLISE FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E SENSORIAL ENTRE CRIANÇAS
Authors: Santos Juliana Lopes dos , Rossito Priscila , Santos Elisvânia Freitas dos , Novello Daiana
Published: September 2016

O objetivo com esta pesquisa foi avaliar a aceitabilidade sensorial de formulações de bolo de banana adicionadas de inulina entre crianças em idade escolar; também comparar a composição físico-química do produto padrão com aquele contendo maior teor de inulina e com aceitação semelhante ao padrão. Foram desenvolvidas as seguintes formulações de bolo de banana: F1 (padrão) e as demais adicionadas de 5% (F2), 10% (F3), 20% (F4) e 30% (F5) de inulina. Participaram da avaliação sensorial 53 provadores não treinados, de ambos os gêneros e com idade entre 7 e 9 anos, matriculados em uma escola municipal de Guarapuava, PR. Nas análises físico-químicas foram determinados os teores de umidade, cinzas, proteínas, lipídios, carboidratos, fibra bruta e valor calórico. As amostras não apresentaram diferença significativa entre si, em nenhum dos atributos avaliados, demonstrando boa aceitação sensorial pelos provadores. A análise físico-química mostrou maiores teores de proteínas, cinzas, lipídios, carboidratos e calorias em F1 comparado com F5. Maior teor de umidade de fibra bruta foi encontrado em F5. Assim, a elaboração dos produtos permitiu comprovar que um nível de adição de até 30% de inulina em bolo de banana foi bem aceito pelos provadores infantis, obtendo-se aceitação sensorial semelhante ao produto padrão e com boas expectativas de comercialização.

Palavras-chave: Aceitabilidade. Fibras. Prebióticos. Nutrição.
NANOCIÊNCIA & NANOTECNOLOGIA
Authors: Disner Geonildo Rodrigo , Cestari Marta Margarete
Published: September 2016

Nanomateriais vêm causando uma revolução na ciência, e sua aplicação na tecnologia está aumentando. Nanopartículas compreendem partículas entre 1 e 100 nanômetros (nm) de tamanho, mas este intervalo pode variar quando relativo à avaliação toxicológica. O uso extensivo e a consequente produção de resíduos de nanomateriais têm levado esses produtos químicos para o meio ambiente, o que causa possíveis contaminações. Portanto, como um assunto interdisciplinar, fez-se, aqui, uma breve revisão sobre alguns aspectos interessantes e contemporâneos da nanotecnologia, especialmente focados em ciências ambientais e da conservação.

Palavras-chave: Nanomateriais. Nanotoxicologia. Ecotoxicologia. Dióxido de titânio.
Terceiro Setor em Portugal e o Regime Jurídico das Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social (IPSS)
Authors: Costa José Marcelo Ferreira
Published: September 2016

Analisa o regime jurídico das entidades privadas (sem fins lucrativos ou econômicos) à luz do direito português sob a perspectiva das Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social (IPSS), especialmente quanto à forma, controle, registro obrigatório, rol de atividades passíveis de atuação e responsabilidade dos representantes legais. Adentra no conceito “Terceiro Setor” e a sua relação com o princípio da subsidiariedade. Aborda o tratamento conferido pela Constituição da República Portuguesa às entidades privadas non profit e a coexistência de três setores: (i) Setor Público, (ii) Setor Privado, e (iii) Setor Cooperativo e Social. Conclui a importância do incentivo aos diversos segmentos da sociedade civil e o papel das IPSS como coadjuvantes ao aparato público para minimizar os efeitos da crise do Estado Social.
Los Derechos Sociales en Tiempos de Crisis: Su Progresividad y Su Exigibilidad como Retos del Estado Constitucional
Authors: Martín Nuria Belloso
Published: September 2016

Los efectos de la crisis económica de la última década han provocado que los gobiernos de algunos países europeos hayan llevado a cabo un drástico recorte del gasto público de manera que ha incidido directamente en un recorte de los derechos sociales. Dados los rasgos que caracterizan a los derechos sociales (sus diferencias respecto de los derechos civiles y políticos, su carácter prestacional), en este trabajo, se analizará si los derechos sociales pueden exigirse ante los tribunales (si son “justiciables”). Desde el Derecho Internacional de los derechos humanos se han configurado los principios de “no regresividad” y el “principio de progresividad” de los derechos. Se estudiará la incidencia de estos dos principios en los derechos sociales, prestando especial atención al contexto español y a la jurisprudencia internacional.
A Resolução Online de Litígios (ODR) de Baixa Intensidade e seus Reflexos no Direito Internacional Privado: Uma Análise da Normatividade Polissêmica das Redes Numéricas
Authors: Amorim Fernando Sérgio Tenório de
Published: September 2016

O caráter conservador do Direito, decorrente da sua necessidade de preservação das estruturas sociais, e a natureza disruptiva das tecnologias de informação e transmissão de dados, que impõe à sociedade novas formas de relacionamento com o real, demarcam a relação nem sempre harmoniosa entre o Direito e a tecnologia. Não se pode negar a existência de uma certa distonia entre a regulação jurídica e o desenvolvimento tecnológico e tal fato conduz à formulação de duas questões fundamentais: é possível estabelecer um diálogo entre o Direito e as novas tecnologias de informação sem que a ausência de neutralidade da tecnologia comprometa a formação de um quadro de regulação específico para o ciberespaço e para a resolução dos conflitos dele decorrentes? Como estabelecer um modelo de regulação online de litígios que enfrente o caráter ubíquo e desterritorializado do ciberespaço, reformulando os tradicionais conceitos de fronteiras geográficas e jurisdicionais tão caros ao Direito Internacional, e, em especial ao Direito Internacional Privado? As respostas encontradas para tais problemas no âmbito interno das ordens jurídicas estatais possuem reflexos nítidos no cenário internacional, em especial quando se está a tratar de relações jurídicas que apresentem uma conexão internacional. Ao contrário do conhecimento científico, do ponto de vista econômico e cultural as tecnologias não são neutras, desenvolvendo-se a partir de suas necessidades utilitárias de adaptação à vida cultural. As possibilidades de utilização dos recursos tecnológicos para a resolução de conflitos são imensas. ODR consiste no uso dos recursos tecnológicos para a Resolução Alternativa de Litígios (ADR). A utilização da inteligência artificial na resolução de conflitos e das ferramentas de Dispute System Design (DSD) transbordam as fronteiras jurisdicionais nacionais, exigindo do Direito Internacional Privado uma revisão dos seus paradigmas e das terorias tradicionais de conflitos de leis e de jurisdições.
Comercio Justo: ¿Contradictio in Adiecto?
Authors: Ushakova Tatsiana
Published: September 2016

El presente estudio pretende analizar el concepto “comercio justo” en tres ámbitos de conocimiento muy distintos. La reflexión se construye en torno a tres “variaciones” inspiradas en fuentes de registros casi incompatibles. La primera variación presenta una aproximación al comercio justo desde la perspectiva lingüística, y plantea la posibilidad de considerar el término como oxímoron, por analogía con el término “industria cultural”, acuñado por Horkheimer y Adorno, y de alguna manera, privado de existencia hoy en día. La segunda variación retoma el razonamiento anterior desde un ángulo filosófico, anclado en la teoría crítica como punto de partida, y con referencia a la idea de la negación, propia de la dialéctica de Hegel. Finalmente, la tercera variación se fundamenta en un argumento jurídico, al construir la oposición en las ideas de “comercio global”, desde el enfoque intergubernamental de la OMC, y de “comercio justo”, desde la plataforma de la OMCJ.

Con todo, no se aspira a dar una respuesta, sino a buscarla. ¿Qué es el comercio justo? ¿Un oxímoron que permite “la estetización de la realidad social”? ¿Un objeto del análisis dialéctico? ¿Un mito en el contexto del comercio global?
El Arrendamiento Rústico Histórico y sus Causas de Extinción: Un Análisis Desde el Punto de Vista Jurídico
Authors: Fernández Francisca Ramón
Published: September 2016

En el presente trabajo se analizan las distintas causas de extinción del contrato de arrendamiento rústico histórico tras la Ley 3/2013, de 26 de julio, de los Contratos y otras Relaciones Jurídicas Agrarias. La nueva regulación de esta figura representativa del Derecho civil foral valenciano plantea diversas cuestiones en torno a la aplicación de normativa complementaria, así como su relación con el ámbito urbanístico y de la empresa agraria. La metodología empleada en el presente trabajo ha comparado la legislación actual con la anterior norma, así como la principal doctrinal científica que ha estudiado la figura. Las conclusiones obtenidas nos permiten considerar que la regulación actual es más completa que la legislación anterior, pese a que sería deseable un desarrollo normativo para poder subsanar algunas carencias detectadas.
Las Investigaciones Sociojurídicas Acerca de la Eficacia y Efectividad del Derecho; Algunas Alternativas Metodológicas
Authors: Acosta Rolando Pavó
Published: September 2016

Uno de los temas fundamentales de la Sociología Jurídica presente y futura lo constituye el de la eficacia y efectividad del Derecho, puesto que tiene que ver con la realización del Derecho objetivo y de los derechos subjetivos de los individuos, los grupos sociales, las empresas y de otros sujetos, y en consecuencia con la legitimidad de los sistemas políticos y con el desarrollo económico sustentable.

La noción sobre eficacia del Derecho, las diferencias y coincidencias entre eficacia del Derecho, efectividad de las normas jurídicas y eficiencia del Derecho, los factores jurídicos y otras causas que determinan el grado de eficacia de las normas jurídicas y de los derechos subjetivos tales son las fundamentales cuestiones a las que se ofrece respuesta en el presente trabajo. Este trabajo también propone varios modelos que contienen las dimensiones y variables que deben tenerse en cuenta en la medición empírica sobre la eficacia de las leyes y en la determinación de los factores jurídicos que determinan sobre los niveles de eficacia y la ineficacia de las leyes.
Mediação Humanista: A Mediação como Caminho e o Caminho da Mediação
Authors: Vasconcelos Karina Nogueira
Published: September 2016

Por volta das décadas de 70 e 80, uma série de movimentos, estudos e práticas vem tentando promover uma inversão cultural, difundindo a cultura da não violência ou cultura da paz. Movimentos de alternativas à Justiça ou mesmo de práticas inovadoras inseridas nos modelos de Justiça tradicionais, como Justiça Restaurativa, praticada por Howard Zehr; a Mediação Humanista, criada por Jacqueline Morineau e processos pedagógicos de diálogo e educação à não violência, como a Comunicação Não-Violenta de Marshall Rosenberg, fazem parte desse contexto. Amplamente difundida na França e em vários países europeus, a Mediação Humanista, objeto deste estudo, inspirada na tragédia grega, desenvolve-se por meio de um procedimento dividido em três fases – Theoria, Crisis e Catharsis –, capazes de produzir o desenlace do nó conflitual. Esta experiência, praticada e difundida pelo CMFM (Centre de Médiation et de Formation à la Médiation) de Paris, vem apresentando grande êxito junto à Procuradoria da República de Paris, solucionando cerca de 80% dos conflitos apresentados.
Les techniques de stabilisation tartrique des vins par le froid
Authors: Blouin Jacques
Published: September 2016

La stabilisation tartrique des vins par le froid repose sur les modifications de l'équilibre chimique, cristallin ou colloïdal du bitartrate de potassium. L'élimination provoquée de l'excès de bitartrate fait intervenir ces trois mécanismes par l'abaissement de la température, l'ensemencement naturel ou exogène en cristaux ainsi que la clarification du vin et la durée du traitement. On aboutit ainsi à trois grands systèmes de stabilisation par stabulation, « par contact » ou en continu. Chacune de ces méthodes a des possibilités techniques et économiques différentes, et se trouve adaptée à des situations variées (volumes à traiter).

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Tartrate stabilization of wines by cooling is based on a modification of the chemical cristalline or colloidal equilibrium of potassium acid tartrate. The provoked elimination of excess tartrate makes use of in these three mechanisms by temperature reduction, natural or artificial inoculation of crystals as well as wine clarification and treatment length. We are thus lead to three large stabilization systems, by storage, contact or continuous process. Each of these methods has different technical and economical possibilities, and are adapted to varied situations (volumes under treatment).
Etude d'une microflore levurienne champenoise
Authors: Bureau G. , Brun Olivier , Vigues A. , Maujean Alain , Vesselle Georges , Feuillat Michel
Published: September 2016

Pendant quatre années consécutives, on a suivi en Champagne, l'évolution de la microflore levurienne depuis la baie de raisin jusqu'au vin clair. Les résultats montrent une influence sensible sur la microflore, d'une part de certains traitements phytosanitaires et d'autre part des opérations liées à la vendange et au traitement des moûts. Grâce à un milieu de culture électif spécial, les auteurs ont amélioré la séparation des colonies de S. cerevisiae et de S. bayanus.

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For four consecutive years the evolution of yeasts from grape to clear wine was studied in the Champagne region. The results show that specific phytosanitary treatments on the one hand, and operations involving the harvest and treatment of the must on the other hand have a measurable influence on the microorganisms. A special selective culture medium permitted the authors to improve the separation of S. cerevisiae and S. bayanus colonies.
Les lipides des différentes catégories de pepins d'Ugni blanc lors de la maturité des baies
Authors: Lavaud J. J.
Published: September 2016

Huit catégories de pepins d'Ugni blanc ont été séparées à la maturité. Les lipides neutres contiennent plus de 90 p. 100 des acides gras. Le nombre de pépins par baie ainsi que leur localisation dans une seule loge ou dans deux loges séparées influe sur la constitution lipidique et sur le fonctionnement des désaturases.

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Eight types of grapes seeds cv Ugni blanc have been picked up at maturity. Among neutral lipids, fatty acids content reaches more than ninety per cent. The number of grape seeds per berry and their localization into one or two separated chambers has an influence concerning lipid composition and desaturases working.
Etude de l'influence de la « vinomaceration » sur la couleur et les activités polyphénoloxydasiques des jus de raisins rouges
Authors: Sapis Jean-Claude , Cordonnier Robert , Dugal A. , Biron Marie-José
Published: September 2016

L'étude expérimentale, au laboratoire, de la « vinomacération » (macération, avant fermentation, des raisins rouges non foulés dans du vin chauffé à 50 °C) montre que ce traitement n'a que des effets limités sur la couleur et les activités polyphénoloxydasiques des jus. Les augmentations d'intensité colorante et des teneurs en tanins totaux demeurent faibles; dans les jus de raisins pourris si la « vinomacération » entraîne une diminution - limitée et très variable - des activités laccase on constate que les activités tyrosinase sont augmentées après le traitement.

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The experimental study, at the laboratory scale, of « vinomaceration » (maceration, before alcoholic fermentation, of noncrushed red grapes into wine heated up to 50 °C) shows that this treatment has only limited consequences upon the colour and polyphenoloxidase activities in the juices. The increase of colour intensity and levels of total phenolics remains low. Concerning juices from rotten grapes, if laccase activities are generally decreased - with a large variability - tyrosinase activities increase after treatment.
L'intensité du parfum développé par un vin dépend-elle de la quantité présente dans le verre ?
Authors: Sauvageot François , Roson Jean-Pierre
Published: September 2016

Deux échantillons constitués par un même vin placé dans un même modèle de verre mais à des quantités différentes, sont présentés à des sujets opérant les yeux bandés; ceux-ci doivent désigner l'échantillon pour lequel l'odeur qu'ils ont perçue est la plus intense. Trente deux réponses ont été enregistrées pour chaque paire, correspondant à deux volumes de vin donnés.

Les variations d'intensité olfactive sont négligeables lorsque les quantités demeurent de l'ordre des écarts rencontrés dans la pratique d'un remplissage habituel. Par contre, les intensités olfactives sont différenciées en faveur du verre le moins rempli, si les quantités de vin présentes dans les verres sont très différentes.

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Two samples of the same wine placed in the same model of glass but in different quantities are presented to blinded tasters; these have to determine the most intense, fragant wine. Thirty two answers have been registered for each couple corresponding to two different volumes of wine.

The variations of the olfactive intensity are negligible when the volumes are near of common differences as it is usual when glass filling. On the other hand, olfactive intensities are different in favour of the less filled glass, if wines volumes in glasse are quite different.
Analyse des nouveaux systèmes de corrélations de croissance entre bourgeons s'établissant après une grêle chez la vigne
Authors: Fournioux Jean-Claude , Bessis Roger
Published: September 2016

A la suite d'un orage de grêle très violent des dégâts très importants sur les ceps ont entraîné des modifications profondes de l'équilibre entre les différents organes et en particulier entre tous les bourgeons épargnés par la grêle. Une étude fine des facteurs de l'entrée en croissance plus ou moins active de chaque type de bourgeon a été réalisée. Un fait intéressant a pu alors être constaté : l'entrée en croissance prématurée d'un assez grand nombre de bourgeons latents principaux (d'ordre N + 2) alors encore en état de prédormance. Celle ci ne s'est le plus souvent, pas poursuivie. Elle a néanmoins entraîné, l'année suivante, des modifications de la fertilité.

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Following a violent hailstorm, severe damage on the vinestocks have induce important modifications of the equilibrium between the different parts of the vine and particularly between the non-damaged buds. A precise study of the factors which induce, at different speeds, the beginning of the growth of each type of bud was realized. An interesting fact has been established : the beginning of premature growth of quite a number of main latent buds (N + 2 order) until then in dormancy, which frequently, stops soon thereafter. Nevertheless, it induce some fertility modifications the following year.
Mise en évidence de l'acide arachidique dans les sarments et les boutures d'Ugni blanc
Authors: Lavaud J. J.
Published: September 2016

L'acide arachidique peut apparaître dans les sarments pendant leur conservation au froid et dans les boutures après leur plantation. Sa répartition dans les différentes catégories lipidiques semble curieuse et difficilement explicable.

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Arachidic acid may appear into the rootstocks during low temperature storage and in the cuttings after planting; the distribution of this acid in the different lipidic elements seems curious and cannot be easily explained.