bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drained expansion responses of a cylindrical cavity under biaxial in situ stresses: numerical investigation with implementation of anisotropic S-CLAY1 model
Authors: Wang Hui , Li Lin , Li Jingpei , Sun De'an
Published: September 2022

Cavity expansion theory has been well developed in the past few decades, but little progress has been made to cavity expansion theory regarding biaxial in situ stresses. Owing to the two-dimensional nature of cavity expansion under anisotropic in situ stresses, a rigorous analytical or semi-analytical solution is no longer available for such cavity expansion problems. In this paper, a numerical study is performed to investigate the drained expansion responses of a cylindrical cavity under biaxial in situ stresses. The advanced anisotropic S-CLAY1 model integrated by the fully implicit backward Euler algorithm is implemented as a user-defined materials (UMAT) subroutine in the finite element model (FEM) to represent the elastoplastic behaviors of the anisotropic soils during cavity expansion. The FEM is validated by comparing with a benchmark semi-analytical solution under the uniform in situ stress. The expansion responses under biaxial in situ stresses, including the distributions of stress components, the evolutions of expansion pressures, stress paths, and yield surfaces, are subsequently investigated on leverage of the FEM and compared with those from approximate solutions. The present FEM in conjunction with the UMAT subroutine provides a benchmark for the validation of approximate solutions and the outcomes give significant insights into practical geotechnical problems pertaining to cavity expansion under biaxial in situ stresses.
Gaussian discriminators between $$\varLambda $$CDM and wCDM cosmologies using expansion data
Authors: Mehrabi Ahmad , Said Jackson Levi
Published: September 2022

The Gaussian linear model provides a unique way to obtain the posterior probability distribution as well as the Bayesian evidence analytically. Considering the expansion rate data, the Gaussian linear model can be applied for $$\varLambda $$
Λ
CDM, wCDM and a non-flat $$\varLambda $$
Λ
CDM. In this paper, we simulate the expansion data with various precision and obtain the Bayesian evidence, then it has been used to discriminate the models. The data uncertainty is in range $$\sigma \in (0.5,10)\%$$

σ
∈
(
0.5
,
10
)
%

and two different sampling rates have been considered. Our results indicate that considering $$\sigma =0.5\%$$

σ
=
0.5
%

uncertainty, it is possible to discriminate 2$$\%$$
%
deviation in equation of state from $$w=-1$$

w
=
-
1

. On the other hand, we investigate how precision of the expansion rate data affects discriminating the $$\varLambda $$
Λ
CDM from a non-flat $$\varLambda $$
Λ
CDM model. Finally, we perform a parameters inference in both the MCMC and Gaussian linear model, using current available expansion rate data and compare the results.
Improving the bidirectional steerability between two accelerated partners via filtering process
Authors: Abd-Rabbou M. Y. , Metwally N. , Ahmed M. M. A. , Obada A.-S. F.
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the bidirectional steering between two accelerated partners sharing initially different classes of entangled states is discussed. Due to the decoherence, the steerability and its degree decrease either as the acceleration increases or the partners share initially a small amount of quantum correlations. The possibility of increasing the steerability is investigated by applying the filtering process. Our results show that by increasing the filtering strength, one can improve the upper bounds of the steerability and the range of acceleration at which the steerability is possible. Steering large coherent states is much better than steering less coherent ones.
QCA-Based Pulse/Bit Sequence Detector Using Low Quantum Cost D-Flip Flop
Authors: Shaik Enaul Haq , Mannava Balagopendra Rao , Shaik Mahaboob Subani , Rangaswamy Nakkeeran
Published: September 2022

In this paper, a Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata (QCA)-based [Formula: see text]-flip flop is designed with low quantum cost to propose a 3-bit sequence detector which detects a bit pattern 101 in both overlapping and non-overlapping forms. Initially, a level to edge-triggered clock converter is proposed to convert clock signal levels into edge defining signals. Later, [Formula: see text]-flip flops of both level and edge triggered clock inputs are developed. Compared with the recently reported designs in the literature, it is observed that the quantum cost of the proposed [Formula: see text]-flip flops is decreased by more than 28% with a cell count of 34, which in turn defines the low area too. Also, latency of the same is reduced by one-fourth with a value of [Formula: see text] s. As far as the sequence detector is concerned, it is smaller in size at 0.16[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m2 than the existing sequential circuits with a reduction in area and quantum cost by 30%. Further, from the bit stream it detects, the proposed sequence detector can also be used as negative pulse detector and interrupt handler circuit in the future QCA-based digital systems to detect the external interrupts.
On the cancellation problem for quantales
Authors: Wu Hongwei , Zhao Bin
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we consider the cancellation problem for direct products in the category of quantales. It is easy to see that quantales are not always cancelable. We show that indecomposable quantales, simple quantales, quantales without zero-divisors and quantales without nontrivial idempotent elements except the top element are cancelable. We also prove that each quantale can be embedded into a (unital) cancelable quantale.
A MORPHOLOGICAL MONITORING TOOL BASED ON STRUCTURE LIGHT IMAGES OF ISOLATED LIVER REPERFUSION
Authors: LI PENGFEI , WANG HONG , MA ZIYUE , DENG JUAN , SHI YUAN , SHEN ZHONGYANG , KONG DELING , SHA HONG
Published: September 2022

Isolated organ reperfusion system is always used in the preservation and transplantation of liver, and keeping the vitality monitor is a key point during the perfusion processing. Morphological changes are one of the important observation indicators, especially in liver preservation. In this pursuit, the present study envisaged the development of a liver morphological monitor tool based on the structure light images. An isolated healthy rat liver was employed in the perfusion system to obtain the 3D structure lights images using the Intel Real sense camera. Data for the point cloud images were analyzed using computer programs that provided a continuous procedure consisting of (i) liver segmentation, (ii) feature point identification, (iii) measurement of basic parameters like the length, width, and height, and (iv) measurement of the volume and upper surface area of the donor liver. Image segmentation was performed using the plane model segmentation in the Point Cloud Library (PCL). The basic parameters were measured by using the transformation of coordinate, and the volume and upper surface area were measured using the greedy triangulation in PCL. The proposed method showed a high quality in liver segmentation, the basic parameters of the liver were reasonable (length: 5.63[Formula: see text]cm, width: 4.57[Formula: see text]cm, height: 1.30[Formula: see text]cm), and exhibited a good feature point identification. The volume and upper surface area were close to that of the observed values (Volume: 11.719[Formula: see text]cm3, upper surface area: 26.5741[Formula: see text]cm2). However, a little error occurred in the greedy triangulation during the calculation of the upper surface area. The proposed method in this study was effective in measuring the parameters of liver, although the accuracy of surface area measurement needs further improvement.
Tsallis holographic dark energy scenario in viscous f(Q) gravity with tachyon field
Authors: Gupta Sanjeev , Dixit Archana , Pradhan Anirudh
Published: September 2022

This study investigates a bulk viscous fluid anisotropic cosmological model with [Formula: see text] gravity. Here, [Formula: see text] stands for the nonmetricity factor that drives gravitational interaction. We reconstructed the associated parameters with Tsallis holographic dark energy (THDE). We have solved the modified Einstein’s field equations by considering the bulk viscosity factor [Formula: see text]. Under the viscous and nonviscous THDE frameworks, we have obtained the expressions of [Formula: see text] using the power-law form of expansion. We have investigated the nature of various energy conditions for the stability analysis. The positive behavior of DEC and WEC indicates the model’s validation; on the other hand, SEC is violating, indicating the universe’s accelerated expansion. We have also investigated the reconstructed EoS parameter [Formula: see text] for bulk viscosity and obtained the one that lies in both quintessence and phantom regions. We also discussed the correspondence of the tachyon scalar field with THDE energy density in [Formula: see text] gravity. This correspondence permits the reconstruction of potentials and dynamics for scalar field models describing accelerated expansion.
Fiscal Decentralization in the Context of Ukraine’s European Integration
Authors: Skoromtsova Tetyana , Chaika Viktoriia , Onishchyk Anastasiia , Holovii Liudmyla , Pankova Liliia O.
Published: September 2022

This paper examines fiscal decentralization in the context of Ukraine’s European integration. It is established that fiscal decentralization is to give local self-governments autonomy in determining revenues and expenditures, including the authority to collect taxes and fees. As a result, the impact of fiscal decentralization on regions’ tax capacity was assessed. It is proved that fiscal decentralization has a positive influence on financial development of regions. The lack of efficiency and declarativeness of the reform in Ukraine are argued. Further steps on the path of fiscal decentralization are proposed in order to increase the level of local self-governments’ financial autonomy.
Tightening Curves on Surfaces Monotonically with Applications
Authors: Chang Hsien-Chih , de Mesmay Arnaud
Published: September 2022

We prove the first polynomial bound on the number of
monotonic
homotopy moves required to tighten a collection of closed curves on any compact orientable surface, where the number of crossings in the curve is not allowed to increase at any time during the process. The best known upper bound before was exponential, which can be obtained by combining the algorithm of De Graaf and Schrijver [
J. Comb. Theory Ser. B
, 1997] together with an exponential upper bound on the number of possible surface maps. To obtain the new upper bound, we apply tools from hyperbolic geometry, as well as operations in graph drawing algorithms—the cluster and pipe expansions—to the study of curves on surfaces.

As corollaries, we present two efficient algorithms for curves and graphs on surfaces. First, we provide a polynomial-time algorithm to convert any given multicurve on a surface into minimal position. Such an algorithm only existed for single closed curves, and it is known that previous techniques do not generalize to the multicurve case. Second, we provide a polynomial-time algorithm to reduce any
k
-terminal plane graph (and more generally, surface graph) using degree-1 reductions, series-parallel reductions, and Δ
Y
-transformations for arbitrary integer
k
. Previous algorithms only existed in the planar setting when
k
≤ 4, and all of them rely on extensive case-by-case analysis based on different values of
k
. Our algorithm makes use of the connection between electrical transformations and homotopy moves and thus solves the problem in a unified fashion.
A Stack-Propagation Framework for Low-Resource Personalized Dialogue Generation
Authors: Song Haoyu , Zhang Wei-Nan , Zhang Kaiyan , Liu Ting
Published: September 2022

With the resurgent interest in building open-domain dialogue systems, the dialogue generation task has attracted increasing attention over the past few years. This task is usually formulated as a conditional generation problem, which aims to generate a natural and meaningful response given dialogue contexts and specific constraints, such as persona. And maintaining a consistent persona is essential for the dialogue systems to gain trust from the users. Although tremendous advancements have been brought, traditional persona-based dialogue models are typically trained by leveraging a large number of persona-dense dialogue examples. Yet, such persona-dense training data are expensive to obtain, leading to a limited scale. This work presents a novel approach to learning from limited training examples by regarding consistency understanding as a regularization of response generation. To this end, we propose a novel stack-propagation framework for learning a generation and understanding pipeline. Specifically, the framework stacks a Transformer encoder and two Transformer decoders, where the first decoder models response generation and the second serves as a regularizer and jointly models response generation and consistency understanding. The proposed framework can benefit from the stacked encoder and decoders to learn from much smaller personalized dialogue data while maintaining competitive performance. Under different low-resource settings, subjective and objective evaluations prove that the stack-propagation framework outperforms strong baselines in response quality and persona consistency and largely overcomes the shortcomings of traditional models that rely heavily on the persona-dense dialogue data.
Joule-heating Pyrolysis-derived Fe, N Co-doped Carbon and Its Performance in Direct Peroxide-Peroxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Cheng Wendong , Hou Shuai , Guo Fen
Published: September 2022

The traditional electric furnace pyrolysis to produce heteroatom doped carbon faces the time-consuming issue due to the fixed size of furnace chamber and indirect heat transfer. Herein a fast Joule-heating pyrolysis method, viz., powering on the C, N, Fe-containing, conductive polyaniline precursor at fixed direct current (DC) voltage for a specific time, is put forward. The polyaniline precursor begins to decompose thermally when being powered with a DC voltage of 5.0 V upwards. In the pyrolysis products, Fe and N co-doping of carbon material leads to C–N bonding and C-Fe bonding in a certain way. The direct peroxide-peroxide fuel cell (DPPFC) with the optimal Fe, N codoped carbon material as anode and cathode can generate an open circuit voltage of 0.85 V and a peak power density of 29.7 mW cm−2 in ambient temperature, which is highly competitive compared with other DPPFCs with anode and/or cathode made of noble metals.
Performance Evaluation of Spacer Dielectric Engineered Vertically Stacked Junctionless Nanosheet FET for Sub-5 nm Technology Node
Authors: Valasa Sresta , Tayal Shubham , Thoutam Laxman Raju
Published: September 2022

This manuscript for the first time provides insights on the impact of different spacer materials for the vertically stacked Junctionless Nanosheet Field Effect Transistor (JL-NSFET). The analog/RF performances of several single-k and dual-k spacers in two approaches namely (1) inner high-k + outer low-k and (2) inner low-k + outer high-k are explored at 3 nm gate length. It is noticed that the use of TiO2 spacer improves analog performance of the JL-NSFET whereas the usage of SiO2 improves the RF performance of the device when single-k spacer has been used. The intrinsic gain (Av) of the JL-NSFET is improved by ∼1.74× with TiO2 as compared to SiO2 spacer. Moreover, it is observed that the dual-k approach with inner high-k + outer low-k combination gives better analog/RF performances compared to inner low-k + outer high-k and single-k spacer combinations. Furthermore, the increase in length (Lsp,hk) of inner high-k spacer length provides improved analog characteristics at the marginal cost of RF performance.
Role of syndecan-4 in breast cancer pathophysiology
Authors: Onyeisi Jessica Oyie Sousa , Lopes Carla Cristina , Götte Martin
Published: September 2022

Expression of the cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-4 is dysregulated in breast cancer, the most frequent malignancy in women. High expression of syndecan-4 correlates with a worse survival in the subgroup of estrogen receptor negative and estrogen/progesterone-receptor negative patients. Aberrant expression of syndecan-4 in breast cancer involves both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms, including estrogen- and growth factor-dependent regulation, mutations in GAPVD1, NUP153, PDE4DIP, and RREB1, as well as targeting by microRNAs. At the functional level, syndecan-4 plays an important role in various stages of breast cancer progression by interacting with ligands as diverse as plasma proteins, extracellular matrix proteins, growth factors, and surface receptors, as well as members of the integrin family. Mechanisms including integrin recycling, ectodomain shedding, and crosstalk with other syndecans expand the repertoire of syndecan-4 function. Through these interactions, syndecan-4 regulates cellular processes such as adhesion, migration, and invasion. Additional possible functions of syndecan-4 in cells of the microenvironment contribute to the complexity of its pathophysiology. Notably, syndecan-4 expression is modulated by drugs used in breast cancer treatment, such as trastuzumab and zoledronate. Overall, these findings mark syndecan-4 as a novel pathogenesis factor and promising target for therapeutic interventions in breast cancer.
ASH1L contributes to oocyte apoptosis by regulating DNA damage
Authors: Zhang Tuo , Ren Tianhe , Lin Huan , Tong Yuntong , Zhang Jixian , Nie Jie , Zhu Yingjie , Wang Yiting , Jin Bangming , Zhang Chunlin , Chen Tengxiang , He Meina
Published: September 2022

In female mammals, the size of the initially established primordial follicle pool within the ovaries determines the reproductive life span. Interestingly, the establishment of the primordial follicle pool is accompanied by a remarkable programmed oocyte loss for unclear reasons. Here, we identify a new role of ASH1-like histone lysine methyltransferase (ASH1L) in controlling the apoptosis of oocytes during meiotic prophase I in mice. Our results showed that overexpression of Ash1l led to a dramatic loss of fetal oocytes via apoptosis, which subsequently resulted in a reduced capacity of the primordial follicle pool. Overexpression of Ash1l also led to a deficiency in DNA double-strand break repair associated with premature upregulation of p63 and phosphorylated checkpoint kinase 2 (p-CHK2), the major genome guardian of the female germline, following Ash1l overexpression in fetal ovaries. In summary, ASH1L is one of the indispensable epigenetic molecules that acts as a guardian of the genome. It protects oocyte genome integrity and removes oocytes with serious DNA damage by regulating the expression of p63 and p-CHK2 during meiotic prophase I in mice. Our study provides a perspective on the physiological regulatory role of DNA damage checkpoint signaling in fetal oocyte guardianship and female fertility.
Role of adropin in arterial stiffening associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Jurrissen Thomas J. , Ramirez-Perez Francisco I. , Cabral-Amador Francisco J. , Soares Rogerio N. , Pettit-Mee Ryan J. , Betancourt-Cortes Edgar E. , McMillan Neil J. , Sharma Neekun , Rocha Helena N. M. , Fujie Shumpei , Morales-Quinones Mariana , Lazo-Fernandez Yoskaly , Butler Andrew A. , Banerjee Subhashis , Sacks Harold S. , Ibdah Jamal A. , Parks Elizabeth J. , Rector R. Scott , Manrique-Acevedo Camila , Martinez-Lemus Luis A. , Padilla Jaume
Published: September 2022

Arterial stiffening, a characteristic feature of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Herein we establish that adropin is decreased in obese and T2D models and furthermore provide evidence that reduced adropin may directly contribute to arterial stiffening. Collectively, findings from this work support the notion that “hypoadropinemia” should be considered as a putative target for the prevention and treatment of arterial stiffening in obesity and T2D.
Influence of graded hypercapnia on endurance exercise performance in healthy humans
Authors: Ryan Benjamin J. , Seeley Afton D. , Pitsas Dina M. , Mayer Thomas A. , Caldwell Aaron R. , Ceaser Tyrone G. , Luippold Adam J. , Charkoudian Nisha , Salgado Roy M.
Published: September 2022

Military and/or emergency services personnel may be required to perform high-intensity physical activity during exposure to elevated inspired carbon dioxide (CO2). Although many of the physiological consequences of hypercapnia are well characterized, the effects of graded increases in inspired CO2 on self-paced endurance performance have not been determined. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 0%, 2%, and 4% inspired CO2 on 2-mile run performance, as well as physiological and perceptual responses during time trial exercise. Twelve physically active volunteers (peak oxygen uptake = 49 ± 5 mL·kg−1·min−1; 3 women) performed three experimental trials in a randomized, single-blind, crossover manner, breathing 21% oxygen with either 0%, 2%, or 4% CO2. During each trial, participants completed 10 min of walking at ∼40% peak oxygen uptake followed by a self-paced 2-mile treadmill time trial. One participant was unable to complete the 4% CO2 trial due to lightheadedness during the run. Compared with the 0% CO2 trial, run performance was 5 ± 3% and 7 ± 3% slower in the 2% and 4% CO2 trials, respectively (both P < 0.001). Run performance was significantly slower with 4% versus 2% CO2 ( P = 0.046). The dose-dependent performance impairments were accompanied by stepwise increases in mean ventilation, despite significant reductions in running speed. Dyspnea and headache were significantly elevated during the 4% CO2 trial compared with both the 0% and 2% trials. Overall, our findings show that graded increases in inspired CO2 impair endurance performance in a stepwise manner in healthy humans.
A comparison of medium-term heat acclimation by post-exercise hot water immersion or exercise in the heat: adaptations, overreaching, and thyroid hormones
Authors: McIntyre Robert D. , Zurawlew Michael J. , Mee Jessica A. , Walsh Neil P. , Oliver Samuel J.
Published: September 2022

This research compared thermal and perceptual adaptations, endurance capacity, and overreaching markers in men after 3, 6, and 12 days of post-exercise hot water immersion (HWI) or exercise heat acclimation (EHA) with a temperate exercise control (CON), and examined thyroid hormones as a mechanism for the reduction in resting and exercising core temperature ( Tre) after HWI. HWI involved a treadmill run at 65% V̇o2peakat 19°C followed by a 40°C bath. EHA and CON involved a work-matched treadmill run at 65% V̇o2peakat 33°C or 19°C, respectively. Compared with CON, resting mean body temperature ( Tb), resting and end-exercise Tre, Treat sweating onset, thermal sensation, and perceived exertion were lower and whole-body sweat rate (WBSR) was higher after 12 days of HWI (all P ≤ 0.049, resting Tb: CON −0.11 ± 0.15°C, HWI −0.41 ± 0.15°C). Moreover, resting Tband Treat sweating onset were lower after HWI than EHA ( P ≤ 0.015, resting Tb: EHA −0.14 ± 0.14°C). No differences were identified between EHA and CON ( P ≥ 0.157) except WBSR that was greater after EHA ( P = 0.013). No differences were observed between interventions for endurance capacity or overreaching markers (mood, sleep, Stroop, P ≥ 0.190). Thermal adaptations observed after HWI were not related to changes in thyroid hormone concentrations ( P ≥ 0.086). In conclusion, 12 days of post-exercise hot water immersion conferred more complete heat acclimation than exercise heat acclimation without increasing overreaching risk, and changes in thyroid hormones are not related to thermal adaptations after post-exercise hot water immersion.
Cross-adaptation between heat and hypoxia: mechanistic insights into aerobic exercise performance
Authors: Sotiridis Alexandros , Debevec Tadej , Geladas Nickos , Mekjavic Igor B.
Published: September 2022

Acclima(tiza)tion to heat or hypoxia enhances work capacity in hot and hypoxic environmental conditions, respectively; an acclimation response is considered to be mediated by stimuli-specific molecular/systemic adaptations and potentially facilitated by the addition of exercise sessions. Promising findings at the cellular level provided the impetus for recent studies investigating whether acclimation to one stressor will ultimately facilitate whole body performance when exercise is undertaken in a different environmental condition. The present critical Mini-Review examines the theory of cross-adaptation between heat and hypoxia with particular reference to the determinants of aerobic performance. Indeed, early functional adaptations (improved exercise economy and enhanced oxyhemoglobin saturation) succeeded by later morphological adaptations (increased hemoglobin mass) might aid acclimatized humans perform aerobic work in an alternative environmental setting. Longer-term acclimation protocols that focus on the specific adaptation kinetics (and further allow for the adaptation reversal) will elucidate the exact physiological mechanisms that might mediate gains in aerobic performance or explain the lack thereof.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence and IoT in the Development of Sports Training Education Management
Authors: Tang Yudong , Jiang Xia
Published: September 2022

With the persistent improvement of information technology, regular physical education showing techniques are presently not pertinent. To guarantee the objectivity of school physical education assessment, this paper plans a bunch of school physical education the board information framework in view of artificial intelligence technology. The weighting calculation in the understudy execution assessment module and educator execution assessment module in the framework takes on the canny calculation in light of FNN brain organization. In this review, the artificial intelligence and current technology of physical education have explored and talked about which to give the best hypothetical premise to the advanced technology of physical development and improvement. Obviously, artificial intelligence has a place with serious areas of strength for a disciplines which is growing yet in addition one of the principal heading of the PC and its connected advancement interdisciplinary examination, impacting the whole educating progress. Artificial intelligence enjoys many benefits in the use of educating technology.
KdV Equation Solution by Double Laplace Adomian Decomposition Method and Its Convergence Analysis
Authors: Habib Umar , Zeb Salman , Shah Kamal , Hussain Sardar Muhammad
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the double Laplace Adomian decomposition method (DLADM) is utilized for the solution of the nonlinear Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation. The convergence analysis of the suggested approach has been carried out and some examples of the KdV equation are solved for demonstrating the proposed approach. We also compared the obtained series solutions with existing method solutions which show close agreement with each other.
Optimization of Digital Recommendation Service System for Tourist Attractions Based on Personalized Recommendation Algorithm
Authors: Wang Yue , Qin Zhaoxiang , Tang Jun , Zhang Wei
Published: September 2022

With the deepening of tourists’ demand for tourism services, the personalization of online tourists has gradually become an application of personalized recommendation technology. According to the application requirements of personalized scenic spot recommendation, this paper uses social networks and Bayesian networks to fully mine the matching degree between users and scenic spots for personalized recommendation. Add social network factors to the recommendation of tourist attractions, and fully tap the social network relationship between users. First, the users are clustered by the coupling bidirectional clustering algorithm. Then, DBSCAN (density-based noise application spatial clustering) algorithm is used to cluster scenic spots. Finally, two stable user sets and scenic spot sets are applied to the personalized recommendation algorithm to predict the user’s next upcoming scenic spot. The algorithm is compared with some traditional algorithms in the dataset. The algorithm deals with the similarity of user attributes and user behavior and uses content-based algorithm to deal with the relationship between scenic spots; com datasets have better performance.
The Role of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Prognosis of Local Recurrence and Local Residual Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Undergoing Endoscopic Resection
Authors: Tang Liang , Guan Zhifeng , Xu Mengdi
Published: September 2022

Purpose. To investigate the role of circulating tumor cells in the prognosis of local recurrence and local residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing endoscopic surgery. Methods. A total of 56 patients with locally residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who underwent nasal endoscopic surgery from August 2018 to December 2021 were included. The status of circulating tumor cells (CTC) before and after surgery was detected, and its relationship with clinical characteristics and postoperative survival was analyzed. Results. After nasal endoscopy, the positive rates of CTC and mesenchymal CTC (MCTC) detected in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were significantly lower than those before treatment (

P
=
0.0376

;

P
=
0.0212

). Before nasal endoscopy, the status of CTC and MCTC was significantly correlated with the T stage (

P
<
0.05

). After nasal endoscopy, the status of CTC and MCTC was significantly correlated with the TNM stage, T stage, and first radiotherapy mode (

P
<
0.05

). The PFS of patients with different clinical characteristics was analyzed, and the results showed that the PFS of NPC patients with CTC (+) was significantly shorter than that of CTC (−) patients (18.71 vs. 22.47,

P
<
0.05

) and the PFS of NPC patients with MCTC (+) was significantly shorter than that of MCTC (−) patients (18.22 vs. 22.30,

P
<
0.05

). The PFS of NPC patients in TNM stage (I-II) was significantly longer than that in TNM stage (III) patients (22.53 vs. 18.57,

P
<
0.05

). The PFS of NPC patients whose first radiotherapy mode was conventional was significantly longer than that of patients whose first radiotherapy mode was enhanced (22.14 vs. 16.85,

P
<
0.05

). The COX analysis showed that MCTC and TNM stages were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of local recurrence or local residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma after endoscopic resection (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The detection of CTC is helpful for the prognosis evaluation of local recurrence or local residual NPC after endoscopic resection of NPC. The MCTC is an important factor affecting the prognosis of NPC patients.
A Study on the Effects of a Cartoon Text Version of Health Education Manual with Sandplay on the Psychological Status and Cognitive Function of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: He Lei , Huang Lifeng
Published: September 2022

Purpose. The study aimed to examine the effects of a cartoon text version of a health education manual with sandplay on the psychological status and cognitive function of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods. Eighty cases of children with ADHD admitted from February 2019 to September 2021 were selected for the study. They were numbered according to the order of consultation, and after obtaining family consent, they were divided into the control group (n = 40) and the observation group (n = 40) using the random number table method. The control group received only medication and verbal health education, while the observation group received a cartoon text version of the health education manual together with sandplay on top of the above, and both groups were treated for 30 weeks. The attention test results and the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham-IV rating scales (SNAP-IV) were used to assess the effectiveness of the treatment for both groups of children. The awareness rate of health education knowledge of children and their families in both groups was counted. The Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) and the Combined Raven’s test (CRT) were used to assess the psychological status and cognitive functioning of the children in both groups. Results. After treatment, the response time, the number of errors, and the number of missed alarms in the attention test results were lower in the observation group than in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, the inattention, antagonism and defiance, and impulsiveness and hyperactivity scores on SNAP-IV were lower in the observation group than in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, the knowledge of disease and treatment, medical and nursing cooperation, safety and protection, and dietary precautions were higher in the observation group than in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, the learning problems, conduct problems, psychosomatic problems, anxiety, impulsivity-hyperactivity, and hyperactivity index scores on the PSQ were lower in the observation group than in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, the A, B, C, D, and E theme scores in the CRT were higher in the observation group than in the control group, and the IQ score was also higher in the observation group than in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The cartoon text version of the health education manual with sandplay can significantly improve the attention deficit, hyperactive behaviour, psychological status, and cognitive function of children with ADHD on the basis of pharmacological treatment, which has a good clinical application.
IRF9 and XAF1 as Diagnostic Markers of Primary Sjogren Syndrome
Authors: Xiao Lu , Yang Zhou , Lin Shudian
Published: September 2022

Objective. Primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS) is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands. It is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. Genetic contributions and disturbed biological systems are the two major causes of pSS, but its etiology is unclear. This study is aimed at identifying potential pSS diagnostic markers and mechanisms at the transcriptome level. Methods. Whole blood datasets of patients with pSS were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the online tool, GEO2R. R software was used to perform enrichment analyses to understand the functions and enriched pathways of the DEGs. A protein–protein interaction network was constructed to identify hub genes and significant gene clusters. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression was used to screen pSS diagnostic markers. The expression level and diagnostic performance of the identified genes were tested using another GEO dataset. Results. A total of 221 DEGs were screened from the whole blood samples of 161 patients with pSS and 59 healthy controls. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that DEGs were mostly enriched in defense response to virus, response to virus, and type I interferon signaling pathway. Cytoscape identified 10 hub genes and two gene clusters. IRF9 (

AUC
=
0.799

) and XAF1 (

AUC
=
0.792

) were identified as pSS diagnostic markers. The expression levels of the two identified genes were validated by GSE51092. Conclusion. IRF9 and XAF1 were identified as diagnostic markers. The potential underlying molecular mechanism of pSS was explored.
[Retracted] Emotional Expression and Playing Psychology in Accordion Playing under Complex Audio Background Environment
Authors: Wen Xuwei
Published: September 2022

Accordion performance is an emotional art, and the generation of emotions is inseparable from human psychological activities. It has a great relationship with the performance of music and has a great impact on the performance of the performance. The performance of the accordion is a process of psychological perception, understanding, imagination, experience, and emotion. It not only shows the true creative intention and emotion of the “original work” but also integrates it into the individual characteristics of the individual. In the creation, the true artistic vitality is given to each note, thereby enriching the musical composition, thus showing its unique charm. Therefore, this paper proposes a study on the emotional expression and playing psychology of accordion playing. In the end, the performance of class A students was significantly better than that of class B students, while more students in class B scored within 50‐60 points, more students in class A scored within 90‐100 points, therefore, the contrast is large. The average score of class A students is 80.125, and the average score of class B students is 71.45. The highest score for A can be as high as 98, the lowest score is 58, and the lowest score in class B is 51. It can be seen that having a high performance psychological quality and the ability to express emotions can achieve a good effect on accordion performance.
Understanding the Protective Role of Exosomes in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Zhang Guoxia , Yang Xinyu , Su Xin , An Na , Yang Fan , Li Xinye , Jiang Yuchen , Xing Yanwei
Published: September 2022

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a class of effective chemotherapeutic agents widely used in clinical practice. However, its use has been limited by cardiotoxicity. The mechanism of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) is complex, involving oxidative stress, Ca2+ overload, inflammation, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, apoptosis, senescence, etc. Exosomes (EXOs), as extracellular vesicles (EVs), play an important role in the material exchange and signal transmission between cells by carrying components such as proteins and RNAs. More recently, there has been a growing number of publications focusing on the protective effect of EXOs on DIC. Here, this review summarized the main mechanisms of DIC, discussed the mechanism of EXOs in the treatment of DIC, and further explored the value of EXOs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for DIC.
Hybrid PSf/TNT-SO3H Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouling by Sodium Alginate: Effect of Permeation Flux on Fouling Resistance and Desalination Efficiency
Authors: Alsohaimi Ibrahim Hotan
Published: September 2022

The development of low fouling UF membranes with boosting water flux for implementations in water purifications is critical. Organic foulants and ionic strength are the main characteristics of surface water which affect the membrane performance for water generation and seawater desalination. Low fouling hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated from a combination of sulfonic acid functionalized titanium nanotubes (TNTs-SO3H) and polysulfone (PSf) by the nonsolvent-induced phase separation approach. The membrane fouling was explored utilizing a polysaccharide sodium alginate (SA) as a hydrophilic nature organic matter, and the impact of Na+ and Ca2+ ions on alginate membrane fouling were also addressed. The results showed that the membranes’ water permeability and natural organic matter fouling resistances were affected by the proportion of TNTs-SO3H in the membranes. The inclusion of TNTs-SO3H improves the water penetration fluxes (Jw1) and surface hydrophilicity of the manufactured membranes. In the UF of sodium alginate solution, the produced membrane comprising 5% TNTs-SO3H exhibits a higher penetration flux and rejection value than the other membranes. The introduction of Na+ and Ca2+ ions to the SA solution reduces the membrane fouling. Furthermore, the adsorption investigation of sodium alginate solutions at [Formula: see text] was lowered as the amount of TNTs-SO3H was increased. After ultrafiltration, the fouled membrane containing 5% TNTs-SO3H is readily removed, and recurrent antifouling experiments indicate a consistent and maximum filtration efficiency.
FABP6 Expression Correlates with Immune Infiltration and Immunogenicity in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Lian Wenping , Wang Zhongquan , Ma Yajie , Tong Yalin , Zhang Xinyu , Jin Huifang , Zhao Shuai , Yu Ruijing , Ju Shaotan , Zhang Xinyun , Guo Xiaona , Huang Tao , Ding Xianfei , Peng Mengle
Published: September 2022

Background. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have rapidly revolutionized colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, but resistance caused by the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment (TME) still presents a challenge. Therefore, it is necessary to characterize TME immune infiltration and explore new targets to improve immunotherapy. Methods. The compositions of 64 types of infiltrating immune cells and their relationships with CRC patient clinical characteristics were assessed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between “hot” and “cold” tumors were used for functional analysis. A prediction model was constructed to explore the survival of CRC patients treated with and without immunotherapy. Finally, fatty acid-binding protein (FABP6) was selected for in vitro experiments, which revealed its roles in the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and immunogenicity of CRC tissues and cell lines. Results. The infiltration levels of several immune cells were associated with CRC tumor stage and prognosis. Different cell types showed the synergistic or antagonism infiltration patterns. Enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed that immune-related signaling was significantly activated in hot tumors, while metabolic process pathways were altered in cold tumors. In addition, the constructed model effectively predicted the survival of CRC patients treated with and without immunotherapy. FABP6 knockdown did not significantly alter tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. FABP6 was negatively correlated with immune infiltration, and knockdown of FABP6 increased major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class 1 expression and promoted immune-related chemokine secretion, indicating the immunogenicity enhancement of tumor cells. Finally, knockdown of FABP6 could promote the recruitment of CD8+ T cells. Conclusion. Collectively, we described the landscape of immune infiltration in CRC and identified FABP6 as a potential immunotherapeutic target for treatment.
Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes: A Novel Strategy for Anticancer and Antiviral Therapy
Authors: Clinton Njinju Asaba , Ageboh Nkembi-Leke Joshua , Nkache Baie Decler , Mencha Ebamu Sylvia , Aminkeng Asonganyi , Ndobegang Ewalu Justa , Ivo Esembieng Mencha , Vigha Simaa Rene , Ekabe Cyril Jabea
Published: September 2022

Exosomes are extracellular membrane bound vesicles released from almost all cell types and can be retrieved from all body fluids. The molecular constituents of these extracellular bodies vary depending on their cell of origin, from which they can transport molecules such as DNA, RNA, proteins lipids, and several metabolites. They have been shown to execute several functions such as in cell growth, migration, differentiation, neuronal signaling, immune cell modulation, and some diseases such as cancer through intercellular communication and signaling. They are also described to act as key players in viral persistence and dissemination. Due to their ability to elicit potent cellular responses, high level of tolerance in host cells, and high efficiency in penetrating other cells, they are proposed to be potential therapeutics as well as vehicles for drug delivery. In recent years, several studies have been conducted in quest for the development of an effective anticancer therapy or antiviral therapy against highly persistent viruses. However, most of these studies become halted due to failure to achieve desired therapeutic outcomes. Nevertheless, the in vitro/in vivo application of exosomes in tumor and infectious disease diagnosis and therapy is prospective. This review discusses the role of exosomes as predictive markers for immune activation and potential targets for anticancer/antiviral therapies.
Role of the Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Guillain Barré Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sarejloo Shirin , Khanzadeh Shokoufeh , Hosseini Samaneh , Gargari Morad Kohandel , Lucke-Wold Brandon , Mosalamiaghili Seyedarad , Azami Pouria , Oftadehbalani Sanaz , Sadeghvand Shahram
Published: September 2022

In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the role of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS). The most recent update to the search was on July 18, 2022, through the databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for quality assessment of included studies. Finally, 14 studies were included in the review, and among them, ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. Our results showed that NLR levels were significantly increased in the patients with GBS compared with healthy controls (

SMD
=
1.05

;

95
%
CI
=
0.59

to 1.50,

P
<
0.001

). After treatment, NLR levels were decreased to the extent that they became similar to healthy controls (

SMD
=
−
0.03

,

95
%
CI
=
−
0.29

to 0.22,

P
=
0.204

). Moreover, NLR was a stable predictor of outcome or response to treatment in such patients (

SMD
=
1.01

,

95
%
CI
=
0.65

to 1.37,

P
<
0.001

); the higher the NLR, the worse the outcome. In addition, patients who underwent mechanical ventilation had higher levels of NLR compared to those who did not (

SMD
=
0.93

,

95
%
CI
=
0.05

to 1.82,

P
=
0.03

). However, NLR levels were not different among distinct GBS subtypes, so it could not distinguish among them. In conclusion, our analysis indicates that the NLR levels are highly elevated in patients with GBS. Therefore, the NLR has the potential to be used as a biomarker to inform diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment responses in GBS, and future studies are warranted.
Investigation of Mechanical and Thermal Properties on Novel Wheat Straw and PAN Fibre Hybrid Green Composites
Authors: Kumar Naresh , Kaliappan S. , Socrates S. , Natrayan L. , Patel Praveen Bhai , Patil Pravin P. , Sekar S. , Mammo Wubishet Degife
Published: September 2022

Grewia optiva wheat straw waste fibre and PAN fibre are combined in this study to create new composite materials. The novel specimens were created in the hydraulic hind moulding machine with varying percentages of mass of wheat straw fibres, PAN fibre (2–8%) in an equivalent ratio with other materials, and Kevlar fibre-based composites (2–4%). Natural fibre-reinforced clothing is getting increasingly fashionable these days; thus, this research is important. In several papers, natural fibre has been stated to have the potential to replace synthetic fibres. Natural fibre reinforcing has also proven to be quite effective as composites. It is currently used in a range of fields, including medical fields, aerospace, and the automobile industry, among others. Synthetic fibres are used. The usage of synthetic fibres such as asbestos and Kevlar has already been linked to mesothelioma, a kind of lung cancer. Many people have died as a result of Kevlar and asbestos. As a result, an effort to replace these materials is ongoing. Fabricated material’s mechanical, chemical, physical, tribological, and thermal properties were evaluated.