bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TURİSTLERİN SEYAHAT MOTİVASYONLARININ DESTİNASYON İMAJI VE DAVRANIŞSAL NİYETLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: Tatık Elvan
Published: November 2024

İtme ve çekme motivasyonları destinasyonların kendilerini geliştirmesi ve geleceğe yönelik doğru planlamalar yapılabilmesi noktasında en önemli yardımcı unsurlar arasındadır. Diğer yandan seyahat deneyimleri sonucunda turistlerin sahip olduğu olumlu veya olumsuz memnuniyet gelecekteki davranışlarında belirleyici rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı itme ve çekme motivasyon faktörlerinin destinasyon imajı ve davranışsal niyet üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Muğla iline gelen 405 turistten anket tekniğiyle veri toplanmıştır. Analiz sonuçları itici ve çekici motivasyon faktörlerinin destinasyon imajı ve davranışsal niyeti olumlu yönde etkilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Çalışma sonuçlarının hem literatüre hem de destinasyon yöneticilerine bazı çıkarımları söz konusudur.
Sağlık Turizmi Yetki Belgesi Bulunan Sağlık Tesislerinin Web Sitelerinin İncelenmesi: Çanakkale Örneği
Authors: Taşar Mahmut Tufan , Buluk Eşitti Buket
Published: November 2024

Çalışma, Çanakkale ilindeki sağlık turizmi yetki belgesine sahip sağlık tesislerinin web sitelerini inceleyerek, kullanıcı odaklı yeterliliklerinin tespit edilmesini amaçlamıştır. Bu kapsamda Çanakkale ilinde bulunan sağlık turizmi yetki belgesine sahip olan T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Mehmet Akif Ersoy Devlet Hastanesi, T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Biga Devlet Hastanesi, T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Ayvacık Devlet Hastanesi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Özel Medikal Park Çanakkale Hastanesi ve Özel Diş Hekimi Umut Özer Muayenehanesi olmak üzere altı sağlık tesisi ele alınmıştır. Bulgular, çalışma kapsamında incelenen sağlık tesislerinin web sitelerinde, genel anlamda sağlık tesislerinin sağlık turizmi faaliyetlerine yönelik yeterli bilgi vermediklerini ve bu faaliyetlere yönelik yeterli tanıtım yapamadıklarını göstermiştir. Bu kapsamda ilgili tesislerin web sitelerinin geliştirilmesine yönelik çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Bahsi geçen önerilerin, incelenen sağlık tesislerinde görülen eksiklikleri iyileştirmeye yönelik bir rol izleyeceği, buna ek olarak sağlık turizminde faaliyet gösteren veya göstermeyi amaçlayan bütün sağlık tesislerine yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Periosteal skeletal stem cells can migrate into the bone marrow and support hematopoiesis after injury
Authors: Marchand Tony , Akinnola Kemi E , Takeishi Shoichiro , Maryanovich Maria , Pinho Sandra , Saint-Vanne Julien , Birbrair Alexander , Lamy Thierry , Tarte Karin , Frenette Paul S , Gritsman Kira
Published: November 2024

Skeletal stem cells have been isolated from various tissues, including periosteum and bone marrow, where they exhibit key functions in bone biology and hematopoiesis, respectively. The role of periosteal skeletal stem cells in bone regeneration and healing has been extensively studied, but their ability to contribute to the bone marrow stroma is still under debate. In the present study, we characterized a whole bone transplantation model that mimics the initial bone marrow necrosis and fatty infiltration seen after injury. Using this model and a lineage tracing approach, we observed the migration of periosteal skeletal stem cells into the bone marrow after transplantation. Once in the bone marrow, periosteal skeletal stem cells are phenotypically and functionally reprogrammed into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells that express high levels of hematopoietic stem cell niche factors such as Cxcl12 and Kitl. In addition, using
in-vitro
and
in-vivo
approaches, we found that periosteal skeletal stem cells are more resistant to acute stress than bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. These results highlight the plasticity of periosteal skeletal stem cells and their potential role in bone marrow regeneration after bone marrow injury.
Single Cell Transcriptomics-Informed Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Differentiation to Tenogenic Lineage
Authors: Papalamprou Angela , Yu Victoria , Jiang Wensen , Sheyn Julia , Stefanovic Tina , Chen Angel , Castaneda Chloe , Chavez Melissa , Sheyn Dmitriy
Published: November 2024

During vertebrate embryogenesis, axial tendons develop from the paraxial mesoderm and differentiate through specific developmental stages to reach the syndetome stage. While the main roles of signaling pathways in the earlier stages of the differentiation have been well established, pathway nuances in syndetome specification from the sclerotome stage have yet to be explored. Here, we show stepwise differentiation of human iPSCs to the syndetome stage using chemically defined media and small molecules that were modified based on single cell RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis. We identified a significant population of branching off-target cells differentiating towards a neural phenotype overexpressing Wnt. Further transcriptomics post-addition of a WNT inhibitor at the somite stage and onwards revealed not only total removal of the neural off-target cells, but also increased syndetome induction efficiency. Fine-tuning tendon differentiation
in vitro
is essential to address the current challenges in developing a successful cell-based tendon therapy.
Gerencialismo e identidades académicas en las universidades chilenas: un estudio de caso
Authors: Labraña Julio , Puyol Francisca , Brunner José Joaquín , Alarcón Mario
Published: November 2024

Esta investigación analiza el impacto del gerencialismo en las identidades académicas en una universidad pública de Chile. A través de un estudio de caso, se profundiza en cómo las prácticas gerencialistas que priorizan la eficiencia y la medición del rendimiento modifican la gestión universitaria y la labor de sus académicos. Con base en el concepto de reflexividad de Archer, se estudia cómo los académicos negocian frente a la tensión resultante entre las identidades académicas tradicionales y las nuevas demandas de productividad, lo cual resulta en diferentes modos de reflexividad autónoma, meta-reflexiva, fracturada y comunicativa, y muestra cómo los académicos se han adaptado a estos cambios. Los resultados indican que, aunque los académicos se han ajustado de manera pragmática a las demandas del gerencialismo, esto no implica necesariamente una aceptación ideológica de esas prácticas. Asimismo, se evidencian una diversificación y redefinición en la identidad académica que reflejan una compleja interacción entre las exigencias institucionales y las percepciones individuales de los académicos. Como conclusión, se obtiene que el gerencialismo conduce a una reconfiguración del ambiente y de la identidad de los académicos en las universidades chilenas, con un énfasis creciente en la productividad y la investigación sobre la docencia, ambas influenciadas significativamente por el entorno gerencialista en el que se desarrollan.
Efecto de la inhibición y la flexibilidad cognitiva en la comprensión lectora de escolares
Authors: Bernal-Ruiz Francisca , Guzmán Claudia , Gamboa Monzerrat , Pizarro-Díaz Nicole , Núñez Aylee , Cañas Monserrat
Published: November 2024

La comprensión lectora cumple un rol clave en el aprendizaje y el desempeño escolar. Por lo mismo, diversas investigaciones se han enfocado en estudiar el rol de las funciones ejecutivas en el desarrollo de esta habilidad; sin embargo, no existe un acuerdo sobre el efecto de estas funciones cognitivas en la comprensión lectora y sus dimensiones. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la capacidad predictiva de la inhibición cognitiva, la inhibición conductual y la flexibilidad cognitiva en la comprensión lectora y en sus dimensiones textual, pragmática y crítica de 120 escolares de 4.º básico en tres tareas ejecutivas y una de comprensión lectora. Para el análisis de datos se realizaron correlaciones y regresiones lineales múltiples. Los resultados evidenciaron que la inhibición cognitiva fue predictora de la comprensión textual; la inhibición conductual, de la comprensión pragmática y de la total; y la flexibilidad cognitiva, de la comprensión crítica y de la total. Estos hallazgos destacan el importante rol que desempeñan estas funciones ejecutivas en la comprensión lectora y aportan información relevante para que las(os) docentes planifiquen sus estrategias de enseñanza de acuerdo con las demandas cognitivas que requiere el proceso de comprensión lectora.
Interdisciplinariedad desde la mirada del futuro profesorado de Ciencias
Authors: Leal Zapata Gabriela , Araya-Crisóstomo Sandra Patricia
Published: November 2024

La enseñanza interdisciplinaria de las ciencias naturales implica la colaboración entre varias disciplinas para la comprensión de la realidad, que se caracteriza por ser compleja y cambiante. En esta práctica se presentan algunas dificultades para que este tipo de enseñanza se haga efectiva. Una de ellas es la formación de docentes de ciencia, que históricamente ha sido disciplinaria y cerrada, lo que puede dificultar la implementación de enfoques interdisciplinarios en la enseñanza de las ciencias durante el ejercicio de la docencia. El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar las nociones sobre interdisciplinariedad que tienen los estudiantes de pedagogía en ciencias de una universidad del centro-sur de Chile. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa de alcance descriptivo, para la cual se realizaron dos grupos focales con estudiantes de pedagogía en ciencias que permitieran indagar sobre sus nociones en torno a la interdisciplinariedad. Sus respuestas se categorizaron a través del análisis textual discursivo. Los resultados permitieron levantar cinco categorías de análisis, de las cuales se pudo concluir que los futuros profesores de ciencias definen la interdisciplinariedad en términos de multidisciplinariedad. Sin embargo, entienden que ayuda a abordar la explicación de realidades complejas; así también entienden la biología, química y física como asignaturas interdisciplinares. Igualmente consideran que el enfoque está presente en su formación, pero no de forma explícita.
Profesión docente e influencers educativos: discursos sobre profesorado en la red social X
Authors: Matarranz María , Álvarez-López Gabriel
Published: November 2024

Este artículo examina los discursos sobre profesorado en la red social X a través del análisis de publicaciones de influencers educativos. El estudio identificó 21 perfiles influyentes de docentes y analizó 768 posts relacionados con la profesión docente. Los resultados revelan que los temas más discutidos son: la identidad docente, el malestar profesional en el contexto sociopolítico actual y la formación continua, particularmente en desarrollo curricular y TIC. El análisis descubrió tres líneas discursivas principales: 1) los docentes afirmando la importancia de su profesión, tanto por su trascendencia social como por su carga emocional; 2) expresiones de descontento debido a la percepción de baja consideración social, maltrato administrativo y debilitamiento de la autoridad; y 3) conciencia de la importancia de la formación continua para el desarrollo profesional. Estos hallazgos sugieren un perfil docente comprometido con la profesión y consciente de su responsabilidad social; reactivo ante los desafíos profesionales, pero resiliente y proactivo en la búsqueda de aprendizaje permanente y actualización pedagógica. El estudio sugiere que X funciona como una plataforma que permite la reflexión colectiva y la creación de espacios de afinidad para los docentes, aunque puede no representar plenamente las percepciones de toda esta comunidad.
Inflation in Real Estate Development: A Time Series Analysis of Incidental Variables on Construction Costs in Chile
Authors: Vergara-Perucich Francisco , Aguirre-Nuñez Carlos
Published: November 2024

Soil is the basic material for the manufacture of compressed earth bricks, working the soil without any type of stabilization the physical and mechanical properties are minimal. This research aims to evaluate the physical and mechanical characteristics of compressed earth bricks stabilized with different dosages 5, 8, 12, 12, 15 and 18 % of cement, the tests that were performed were: absorption, compressive strength and flexural strength per unit of masonry, compressive strength of piles, diagonal compressive strength of walls and the X-ray diffraction test of the bricks; the results obtained from the different tests determine that with 18% cement the optimum strengths are obtained, the samples subjected to the absorption test have a 12. 63%, as for their compressive strength increased by 53. 95%, flexural strength in 43%, resistance to compression of piles in 36.6%, diagonal compression strength of walls in 41.24%, taking as a reference base the standard sample of 0% cement, in the X-ray diffraction test of the compressed brick stabilized with 18% cement where predominates the 32. 4% of calcium silicate, 23.8% of aluminum silicate, 17.4 % of hydrated calcium, 14.2 % of illite, 6.86 % of calcium oxide, 3.34 % of quartz, 1.2 % of kaolinite and goethite 0.8 % ; it is concluded that the bricks of compressed earth stabilized with cement (BCESC) is a sustainable construction alternative that improves the mechanical properties of the soil
Investigating the Causes of Variation Orders in Egypt Perspective of Medium and Small-Sized Companies
Authors: Albasyouni Wahbi , Ashraf Mohamed
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Variation order became one of the major issues that is presented in construction projects. The nature of work in the construction industry is complex and difficult. Thus, variation order is expected to occur in every project due to its nature. The purpose of the study was to investigate the causes of variation order in construction projects in Egypt according to the perspective of professional parties working for medium and small sized construction companies. The main method used for data collection was a questionnaire survey with experts working in the Egyptian construction industry. 62 participants from 18 construction companies were invited to take part of the study, 51 of them accepted the invitation. The findings showed the top ranked causes of variation order according to small and medium sized construction companies were poor communication, omissions in the design, financial limitations of the owner, additional work requested by the client, and contractor’s desire to gain more profits. Thus, the proper understanding of the causes of the problem can be helpful towards establishing a suitable criterion for reducing variation orders in construction projects in Egypt. The contribution of this study lies in the fact that only a very limited number of research explored the perspective of medium and small sized construction companies in Egypt. The study can be useful for other countries with similar working conditions and still suffering from the adverse impact of variation order.
Assessing Rainfall Trends and Change Points in Owerri, Nigeria: Implications of Climate Change
Authors: Ekwueme Chimeme M. , Nwaogazie Ify L. , Ikebude Chiedozie
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze long-term rainfall trends and change points in Owerri, Nigeria, to understand climate change impacts on local precipitation patterns. The study utilized daily annual maximum series (AMS) rainfall data spanning 31 years (1992-2022). The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) model was employed to downscale the time series data into durations ranging from 5 minutes to 24 hours. The choice of IMD is based on availability in literature. Mann-Kendall (MK) trend and Sen's Slope Estimator (SSE) tests revealed a statistically insignificant decreasing trend across all durations. The Sen's Slope magnitude ranged from -0.0679 mm/year for 5-minute duration to -0.4474 mm/year for 24-hour duration, corresponding to a variation rate of -4.474 mm/decade for the 24-hour duration. While the trends in rainfall patterns are decreasing, they lack statistical significance, the. Also, trend change-point analysis, utilizing Distribution-free CUSUM and Sequential Mann-Kendall tests, identified 2013 and 2017 as potential change points in the rainfall pattern. These findings underscore the importance of continued monitoring to inform urban planning and water resource management in a climate-sensitive region.
The Future of the CFA Franc: A Game Theory Approach
Authors: Mignamissi Dieudonné , Kembeng Ulrich
Published: November 2024

Aims: Based on the theory of non-cooperative games, this paper aims to determine whether the African Franc Zone (AFZ) countries should leave or remain in monetary cooperation with France.
Methodology: Empirically, we implement a non-cooperative game pitting France against the AFZ countries. The strategies defined for the two players are "Maintain (M)" and "Exit (E)." The potential benefit is the preservation of the pooling of 50% of the AFZ countries' foreign exchange reserves in the French Treasury.
Results: Using Nash equilibrium, the study analyzes strategic decisions in monetary cooperation. At the end of technical manipulations, we obtain two results based on two assumptions: (i) Assuming that the AFZ is the first player, and the decision being taken by political leaders without consulting the other sociological components, the optimal solution would be (M, M), reflecting the preservation of 50% of foreign exchange reserves within the French Treasury; (ii) Then, when the leaders of the AFZ countries incorporate the will of the people and the aspirations of the African Union, we arrive at two Nash equilibria, (E, E) and (E, M) respectively, giving gains of 50% for the AFZ and 0% for the French Treasury, significantly implying an exit decision for AFZ countries. These results show that, beyond the positions of technocrats and leaders, the people's will is a determining factor in the economic and monetary conditions of a country or group of countries.
Conclusion: However, these equilibria could be sensitive to the order of the game (who plays first), political shocks such as coups d'état, types of threat, grouped or solitary exit strategies, but also to the bargaining power of the players, mixed-strategy equilibrium and external geopolitical influences. The countries of the AFZ need to strengthen their monetary sovereignty by reforming cooperation mechanisms with France, while also incorporating the aspirations of their populations into the decision-making process. This will promote a more legitimate and contextually relevant monetary policy that aligns with current economic and social realities.
Phytochemical Screening of Seaweed Flour (Eucheuma cottonii) Using Various Organic Solvents and Its Application in Tilapia Feed (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Lumbessy Salnida Yuniarti , Abidin Zaenal , Lestari Dewi Putri , Diamahesa Wastu Ayu , Rahmadani Thoy Batun Citra
Published: November 2024

This study aims to qualitatively analyze the bioactive compounds in Eucheuma cottonii seaweed flour extract and its application in commercial feed for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The methodology employed is experimental and consists of two phases. Phase 1 involves the extraction of E. cottonii flour using three different organic solvents with varying polarity (ethanol, ethyl acetate, and a combination of ethanol + ethyl acetate). The testing parameters include qualitative phytochemical tests for alkaloids, steroids/triterpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins. Phase 2 consists of the application of the extract to tilapia over a 30-day rearing period with four treatments: control/commercial feed (P0), commercial feed + ethanol extract (P1), commercial feed + ethyl acetate extract (P2), and commercial feed + combined ethanol and ethyl acetate extract (P3). The parameters tested include absolute weight, specific growth rate, survival rate, and water quality. Phytochemical and water quality data are presented in table format. Meanwhile, growth and survival data are analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s test for significant differences. The results of the researches carried out, it can be concluded that the phytochemical analysis of E. cottonii extract in ethanol and the ethanol + ethyl acetate combination yielded similar compounds: alkaloids, steroids/triterpenoids, and flavonoids. The ethyl acetate extract contained triterpenoids and flavonoids. Both saponins and tannins returned negative results across all organic solvent treatments. All treatments with the addition of E. cottonii seaweed extract in various organic solvents demonstrated better growth in tilapia compared to the control treatment.
Effect of Organic Fertilization Based on Cattle Dung in Village Cultivation of Sugar Cane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Immature Phase in Northern Ivory Coast
Authors: Joseph Allé Yamoussou , Ibrahim Sylla , Sahabane Traoré Mohamed , Gnenakan Yéo , Lassina Fondio
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to determine the dose of organic fertilizer adapted to the agroecological conditions of the Ferkéssédougou zone during the immature or vegetative phase with a view to improving agricultural productivity in rainfed sugar cane cultivation. The trial was conducted using a Fisher block experimental design with three (3) repetitions and six (6) treatments including the control treatment. The observations mainly focused on growth parameters. Health monitoring was also carried out to detect the presence of diseases.  Regarding growth parameters, no statically significant effect of fertilizers was observed between treatments. However, the fertilizers used had a positive impact in terms of gain compared to the control. Thus, three (3) groups of fertilizers stood out. Group 1 was composed of mineral manure at the normal dose (350 kg/ha of NPK), organic manure at the normal dose (20t/ha), double dose of compost (40 t/ha) and the organo-mineral mixture, namely the normal dose of compost (20t/ha) + half dose of mineral fertilizer (175 kg/ha of NPK).  These treatments promoted good emergence, good elongation of the plants with large diameters and a large number of internodes. Group 2, composed only of half a dose of compost (10 t/ha), allowed us to have a large number of stems. For group 3, corresponding to the control treatment, no growth parameter was correlated. No symptoms of major illnesses were observed during the observations. The M1400/86 variety used is resistant to termite attack.
Osmanlı Devleti’nde Merkez ve Yerel Güçler Arasında Taşrada Bir Yapı; Kule Evler
Authors: Ekinci Alper Fatih
Published: November 2024

Güvenlik ve barınma insanlık için her zaman önemli bir konu olmuştur. Başlangıçta doğal unsurlarla ihtiyacını gideren insanoğlu zaman içerisinde coğrafyaya bağlı olarak bilgi birikimi ve inşa tekniklerinin gelişmesiyle yeni yapı türleri ortaya koymuştur. Bu yapılardan biri de kule evlerdir. Farklı medeniyetlerde ve zamanlarda kule ev tipi yapılar görüldüğü gibi bir mimari unsur olarak Osmanlı coğrafyasında da örneklerine hayli rastlanmaktadır. Kule evler güvenli barınma amacıyla inşa edildiği gibi gözetleme, depolama, güç ve nüfuzun temsil edilebildiği yapılar olarak da ortaya çıkmışlardır. Kule evler temsil ettikleri sosyal, ekonomik, askeri değerlerinin bir sonucu olarak, tarafların değişiklik gösterdiği çatışmalara sahne olmuştur. Bu taraflardan biri kule ev sahibi ve merkezi otorite güçleri olurken bir diğeri ise kule ev sahibi ve çevredeki yerel halkın yaşamış olduğu çatışmaların merkezini oluşturmuştur. Merkezi otoritenin kule evlere yaklaşımı şartlara ve döneme göre farklılıklar göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada özellikle Batı Anadolu ve Balkan coğrafyasında örneklerine rastlanılan kule evler, on dokuzuncu yüzyılda merkezi ve yerel güç ilişkileri çerçevesinde devlet, ayan, eşkıya unsurları üzerinden değerlendirmeye çalışılmıştır.
Comparative Efficacy Of Diode Laser Vs Iontophoresis Along With Desensitizing Agent In The Treatment Of Dentinal Hypersensitivity: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Cholepatil Anup R , Nandnavare Ganesh R , Mhaske Maya N , Chaudhari Niraj , Deshpande Shashank , Shirolkar Samradnyee
Published: November 2024

Aims: The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of diode laser using with topical Potassium nitrate (KNO3) gel and Iontophoresis with NaF gel in the treatment of dentinal Hypersensitivity. Methods and Material: 20 systemically healthy patients with Dentinal Hypersensitivity were enrolled in the randomized clinical trial. The patients with dentinal hypersensitivity were randomly allocated into 2 groups: Group I was treated with diode laser and KNO3 gel; Group II with Iontophoresis unit. Sensitivity was recorded using the verbal rating scale before treatment, 10 min after treatment and 7, 15 and 21 days post therapy. Statistical analysis used: The statistical analysis was carried out using Descriptive Statistics at different times between the Groups. The data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 22 software. The results were averaged (mean ± standard deviation) for continuous data. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: After 10 min ,7th day and 15th day, levels of hypersensitivity were statistically significant among both groups. Conclusions: The present study concluded that Diode Lasers associated with 5%KNO3 topical gel showed significantly greater reduction of DH than Iontophoresis unit.
Smallholder Farmers’ Perception Of Sunflower Commercialization: A Case In Kimilili Sub-County, Bungoma County, Kenya
Authors: Barasa Wafula Elijah , Opetu Oloo-Abucheli Grace , Kagiki Njogu Martin , Mwangi Ireri Dave
Published: November 2024

Low-income generation among Smallholder farmers could be attributed to their low sunflower commercialization with subsequent effects from their knowledge, entrepreneurial skills, commercializing efforts, and trust in critical stakeholders in the agricultural value chain. Thus, this study analyzed smallholder farmers’ perception of sunflower commercialization, which may contribute to improving sunflower commercialization. A pilot study was carried out in Kabuchai Sub-County before the Kimilili Sub-County, Bungoma County, Kenya survey. 288 sunflower smallholder farmers were interviewed using an open and close-ended questionnaire where a multistage sampling procedure was applied. The study used factor analysis and structural equation models to analyze the perception of smallholder farmers on sunflower commercialization. The factor analysis model reflected that smallholder farmers firmly trust agricultural cooperatives, media, and the national government in sunflower commercialization. However, they moderately trusted producer groups, farmer groups, and neighbour farmers. Smallholder sunflower farmers also strongly trusted different market outlets based on Factors 1 and 2. They strongly trusted exporters, producer groups, and neighbor farmers under factor 1 as their market outlets but lowly trusted brokers and supermarkets. Further, they highly trusted brokers and supermarkets under factor 2 as their market outlets and lowly trusted exporters, producer groups, and neighbor farmers as their market outlets. Additionally, smallholder farmers expressed their proactiveness strongly on commercial impact, commercial efficiency, and farmers’ view concerns about their sunflower commercialization. They lowly suggested marketing channels contracts, and commercial contributions to their livelihoods to shape their proactiveness on sunflower commercialization. An alpha reliability scale of over 0.79 per measurement variable and a KMO value of over 0.8 was obtained for this study, showing the internal consistency of the data. The SEM analysis showed that smallholder farmers’ entrepreneurship, trust in institutions, and market outlets influenced sunflower commercialization. However, their proactiveness negatively affected sunflower commercialization. The study recommends support of sunflower smallholder farmers in access to market information and strengthening their trust through institutions viable outcomes on them through the agricultural cooperatives, the national government, and coordination by the international markets.
Factors Affecting The Livelihood Of The Small-Scale Fish Farmers (Seap Beneficiaries) In Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: O. A Olanipekun, , N.M Saddiq, , H.O Yusuf,
Published: November 2024

A study to identify constraints faced by small-scale fish farmers participating in Self-Reliance Economic Advancement Program (SEAP) in Oyo State was conducted. The study employed a multistage sampling technique to select 140 beneficiaries. Primary data were obtained using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Tobi regression. The study results showed that 90.71% of the respondents were male with mean age of 41 years. Most (74.29%) of the respondents were married with 99.29% having 1-4 household members. Most (56.43%) of the respondents also had secondary. The regression analysis revealed significant correlation between beneficiaries’ livelihoods and factors such as age, primary occupation, membership of farmers' cooperative associations or groups, years of fish farming experience, and access to credit (p< 0.01, p< 0.05 and p<0.10). To build upon this findings, the intervention should be scaled up and out, with the SEAP intensifying efforts to replicate the programme and extend its reach to more farmers
CPP‐E1A fusion peptides inhibit CtBP‐mediated transcriptional repression
Authors: Blevins Melanie A. , Zhang Caiguo , Zhang Lingdi , Li Hong , Li Xueni , Norris David A. , Huang Mingxia , Zhao Rui
Published: June 2018

The carboxyl‐terminal binding proteins (CtBP) are transcriptional corepressors that regulate the expression of multiple epithelial‐specific and pro‐apoptotic genes. Overexpression of CtBP occurs in many human cancers where they promote the epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition, stem cell‐like features, and cell survival, while knockdown of CtBP in tumor cells results in p53‐independent apoptosis. CtBPs are recruited to their target genes by binding to a conserved PXDLS peptide motif present in multiple DNA‐binding transcription factors. Disrupting the interaction between CtBP and its transcription factor partners may be a means of altering CtBP‐mediated transcriptional repression and a potential approach for cancer therapies. However, small molecules targeting protein–protein interactions have traditionally been difficult to identify. In this study, we took advantage of the fact that CtBP binds to a conserved peptide motif to explore the feasibility of using peptides containing the PXDLS motif fused to cell‐penetrating peptides (CPP) to inhibit CtBP function. We demonstrate that these peptides disrupt the ability of CtBP to interact with its protein partner, E1A, in an AlphaScreen assay. Moreover, these peptides can enter both lung carcinoma and melanoma cells, disrupt the interaction between CtBP and a transcription factor partner, and inhibit CtBP‐mediated transcriptional repression. Finally, the constitutive expression of one such peptide, Pep1‐E1A‐WT, in a melanoma cell line reverses CtBP‐mediated oncogenic phenotypes including proliferation, migration, and sphere formation and limits tumor growth in vivo. Together, our results suggest that CPP‐fused PXDLS‐containing peptides can potentially be developed into a research tool or therapeutic agent targeting CtBP‐mediated transcriptional events in various biological pathways.
Recent Advances in the Genomic Profiling of Bacterial Epigenetic Modifications
Authors: Liu Liqiong , Zhang Yizhou , Jiang Dongxu , Du Shiming , Deng Zixin , Wang Lianrong , Chen Shi
Published: June 2018

Bacterial epigenetic modifications play key roles in cellular processes such as stress responses, DNA replication, segregation, antimicrobial resistance, etc. In recent years, emerging new sequencing technologies, including single‐molecule real‐time (SMRT) sequencing, and nanopore sequencing, have enabled the directed reading of epigenetic modifications without pre‐treatment of DNA or DNA amplification. The applications of SMRT and nanopore sequencing open the door for the identification of more diverse epigenetic modifications of DNA bases and backbones and potentially facilitate the understanding of the novel functions of these epigenetic markers in cell physiology. With ongoing improvements in throughput and accuracy, new‐generation sequencing has become a contender as an alternative to second‐generation sequencing technologies. Here, the authors review recent advances in bacterial epigenetic analysis using SMRT sequencing and nanopore sequencing to provide insights regarding the detection and analysis of DNA epigenetic modifications in bacterial genomes.
Experimente mit Hefe
Authors: Sommer Isabell
Published: June 2018

Hefe eignet sich hervorragend für einfache Experimente zur Visualisierung von Stoffwechselvorgängen, wie man sie beispielsweise vom Brotbacken kennt. So kann die Verstoffwechselung von verschiedenen Zuckern zu Kohlenstoffdioxid qualitativ über das Aufblähen von Luftballons bzw. quantiativ über die Gasproduktion in einem Gärröhrchen anschaulich gezeigt werden. Die vorgestellten Experimente können dazu genutzt werden, die Frage zu klären, warum Hefe einem Brotteig zugesetzt wird, obwohl sie nicht in der Lage ist, die im Mehl vorhandene Stärke umzusetzen.
Das Erbe der „Wassermonster“
Authors: Tetsch Larissa
Published: June 2018

Der Axolotl ist bekannt für seine einzigartige Fähigkeit, nicht nur einzelne Gliedmaßen sondern sogar innere Organe regenerieren zu können. In ihrem heimischen Gewässer in Mexiko sind die Querzahnmolche zwar vom Aussterben bedroht, doch leben sie in großer Zahl in Forschungslaboren und Heimaquarien rund um die Welt. Auch für Laien faszinierend ist ihre Lebensweise als Dauerlarve, die ohne eine Metamorphose durchzumachen, geschlechtsreif wird.
TGF‐β–responsive CAR‐T cells promote anti‐tumor immune function
Authors: Hou Andrew J. , Chang ZeNan L. , Lorenzini Michael H. , Zah Eugenia , Chen Yvonne Y.
Published: June 2018

A chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that responds to transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) enables the engineering of T cells that convert this immunosuppressive cytokine into a potent T‐cell stimulant. However, clinical translation of TGF‐β CAR‐T cells for cancer therapy requires the ability to productively combine TGF‐β responsiveness with tumor‐targeting specificity. Furthermore, the potential concern that contaminating, TGF‐β?producing regulatory T (Treg) cells may preferentially expand during TGF‐β CAR‐T cell manufacturing and suppress effector T (Teff) cells demands careful evaluation. Here, we demonstrate that TGF‐β CAR‐T cells significantly improve the anti‐tumor efficacy of neighboring cytotoxic T cells. Furthermore, the introduction of TGF‐β CARs into mixed T‐cell populations does not result in the preferential expansion of Treg cells, nor do TGF‐β CAR‐Treg cells cause CAR‐mediated suppression of Teff cells. These results support the utility of incorporating TGF‐β CARs in the development of adoptive T‐cell therapy for cancer.
Personal background, motivation and interpersonal style of psychotherapy trainees having different theoretical orientations: An Italian contribution to an international collaborative study on psychotherapy training
Authors: Messina Irene , Gelo Omar C.G. , Gullo Salvo , Sambin Marco , Mosconi Andrea , Fenelli Antonio , Curto Marcello , Orlinsky David
Published: June 2018

Background

Therapist characteristics seem to be a key factor in clinical effectiveness. Trainees’ personal and professional background, motivation, and interpersonal style have been shown to deserve attention in previous research concerning therapist development and warrant further study due to their potential implications for psychotherapy training outcomes.

Aim

To explore personal and professional background, motivation, and interpersonal style of psychotherapy trainees with different theoretical approaches.

Findings

In the present study, 135 post‐graduate psychotherapy trainees with different theoretical approaches (psychodynamic, systemic, and cognitive‐behavioral) completed the Trainee Background Information Form (TBIF), reporting information concerning their background, style of relating, and motivations. Personal experiences of trainees were frequently reported as a motivation in undertaking psychotherapy training and were associated with negative experiences in childhood. Significant differences were found in the motivations and interpersonal style of trainees with different theoretical approach.

Implications

Personal experiences, motivation and interpersonal styles should be taken into consideration in future studies on therapists’ development and in the implementation of psychotherapy programs.
Indolent T‐cell‐rich small B‐cell hepatic lymphoma in a Golden Retriever
Authors: Rout Emily D. , Hughes Kelly L. , Boostrom Brendan O. , Seelig Davis M. , Avery Anne C. , Avery Paul R.
Published: June 2018

Key Clinical Message

An 11‐year‐old female spayed Golden Retriever presented for an incidentally found liver mass. The hepatic mass and intra‐abdominal lymph nodes had a marked heterogeneous T‐cell population and far fewer numbers of small clonal B cells. This T‐cell‐rich small B‐cell lymphoma had a unique histological pattern and indolent clinical course.
Proof of Equivalent Catalytic Functionality upon Photon‐Induced and Thermal Activation of Supported Isolated Vanadia Species in Methanol Oxidation
Authors: Kortewille Bianca , Wachs Israel E. , Cibura Niklas , Pfingsten Oliver , Bacher Gerd , Muhler Martin , Strunk Jennifer
Published: June 2018

The front cover artwork for issue 11/2018 results from a collaboration between the Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (Germany), Lehigh University (PA/USA), the Max‐Planck‐Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, the University Duisburg‐Essen and the Ruhr‐University Bochum (all in Germany). The image shows an isolated vanadium oxide species supported on silica which performs selective oxidation of methanol both photon‐induced and by thermal activation. See the Communication itself at https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201800311.
Counselor Trainees' Experiences Counseling Disability: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Rivas Michele , Hill Nicole R.
Published: June 2018

Transcendental phenomenology was used in this study to examine the lived experiences of counseling interns (N = 10) receiving multicultural training to assist clients with disabilities. Five essential themes were identified. Drawing on their findings, the authors recommend programmatic and curricular changes, including the infusion of personal narratives and service learning, to the multicultural training of counselors.
Interview Experiences and Diversity Concerns of Counselor Education Faculty From Underrepresented Groups
Authors: Cartwright Angie D. , Avent‐Harris Janeé R. , Munsey Rebecca Beck , Lloyd‐Hazlett Jessica
Published: June 2018

The authors used transcendental phenomenology to explore the campus interview experiences and diversity concerns of counselor education faculty from underrepresented populations. Six themes were identified: issues of integrity, disappointment in the counseling profession, importance of authenticity, intersectionality of major identity markers, competence, and supportive experiences. Findings suggest that culturally competent search committees should be aware of biases and policies promoting institutional and systemic discrimination.
Was ist die Ursache für Sonolumineszenz?
Authors: Dänzer Tatjana
Published: June 2018

Sonolumineszenz ist ein faszinierendes und gleichsam rätselhaftes physikalisches Phänomen, welches die Prinzipien von Licht und Schall vereinigt: Dabei senden kleine Luftblasen in Flüssigkeiten bei starker Druckeinwirkung Lichtblitze aus. Es ist kaum zu glauben, dass das Phänomen auch fast 85 Jahre nach seiner Entdeckung nicht vollständig erklärt werden kann.
A clinical and proteomics approach to predict the presence of obstructive peripheral arterial disease: From the Catheter Sampled Blood Archive in Cardiovascular Diseases (CASABLANCA) Study
Authors: McCarthy Cian P. , Ibrahim Nasrien E. , van Kimmenade Roland R.J. , Gaggin Hanna K. , Simon Mandy L. , Gandhi Parul , Kelly Noreen , Motiwala Shweta R. , Mukai Renata , Magaret Craig A. , Barnes Grady , Rhyne Rhonda F. , Garasic Joseph M. , Januzzi James L.
Published: June 2018

Background

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a global health problem that is frequently underdiagnosed and undertreated. Noninvasive tools to predict the presence and severity of PAD have limitations including inaccuracy, cost, or need for intravenous contrast and ionizing radiation.

Hypothesis

A clinical/biomarker score may offer an attractive alternative diagnostic method for PAD.

Methods

In a prospective cohort of 354 patients referred for diagnostic peripheral and/or coronary angiography, predictors of ≥50% stenosis in ≥1 peripheral vessel (carotid/subclavian, renal, or lower extremity arteries) were identified from >50 clinical variables and 109 biomarkers. Machine learning identified variables predictive of obstructive PAD; a score derived from the final model was developed.

Results

The score consisted of 1 clinical variable (history of hypertension) and 6 biomarkers (midkine, kidney injury molecule‐1, interleukin‐23, follicle‐stimulating hormone, angiopoietin‐1, and eotaxin‐1). The model had an in‐sample area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.85 for obstructive PAD and a cross‐validated area under the curve of 0.84; higher scores were associated with greater severity of angiographic stenosis. At optimal cutoff, the score had 65% sensitivity, 88% specificity, 76% positive predictive value (PPV), and 81% negative predictive value (NPV) for obstructive PAD and performed consistently across vascular territories. Partitioning the score into 5 levels resulted in a PPV of 86% and NPV of 98% in the highest and lowest levels, respectively. Elevated score was associated with shorter time to revascularization during 4.3 years of follow‐up.

Conclusions

A clinical/biomarker score demonstrates high accuracy for predicting the presence of PAD.
Comparison of new element designs for combined RF‐shim arrays at 7 T
Authors: Winkler Simone A. , Warr Paul A. , Stockmann Jason P. , Mareyam Azma , Keil Boris , Watkins Ronald D. , Wald Lawrence L. , Rutt Brian K.
Published: June 2018

In this work we identify novel concepts for RF‐shim loop architectures suitable for 7 T made of 2 concentric conducting loops fulfilling RF and DC functions, respectively, and to determine their relative SNR performance. The goal is to minimize interference between the 2 systems while making efficient use of the space closest to the body. We show by means of theoretical derivation of the frequency spectrum that the proposed 2‐loop structure exhibits an anti‐resonant null and a resonant peak in the frequency domain. The proposed structure is comprised of 2 concentric wire loops either arranged as nested loops or in the form of a coaxial cable, in which the 2 conductors carry the RF and shim signals, respectively. We use theory, simulation, and phantom measurements to obtain frequency spectra and SNR maps for the proposed structures. Retained SNR is found to be 75% in the coaxial loop and ranges from 57% to 67% in 3 different coaxial configurations. We have found both implementations to be a viable concept for the use in RF‐shim devices if remaining SNR limitations can be overcome. We have investigated 2 new design modalities in 7 T RF‐shim coil design that separate the RF and shim conductors such that the previously proposed toroidal chokes are eliminated—thereby removing undesired additional loss, bulk, and design complexity.
Generating FN3‐Based Affinity Reagents Through Phage Display
Authors: Gorman Kevin , McGinnis Jennifer , Kay Brian
Published: June 2018

Antibodies are useful tools for detecting individual proteins in complex samples and for learning about their location, amount, binding partners, and function in cells. Unfortunately, generating antibodies is time consuming and laborious, and their affinity and/or specificity is often limited. This protocol offers a fast and inexpensive alternative to generate antibody surrogates through phage display of a library of fibronectin type III (FN3) monobody variants and affinity selection for binders. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Non‐Steric Interactions Predict the Trend and Steric Interactions the Offset of Protein Stability in Cells
Authors: Davis Caitlin M. , Gruebele Martin
Published: June 2018

Although biomolecules evolved to function in the cell, most biochemical assays are carried out in vitro. In‐cell studies highlight how steric and non‐steric interactions modulate protein folding and interactions. VlsE and PGK present two extremes of chemical behavior in the cell: the extracellular protein VlsE is destabilized in eukaryotic cells, whereas the cytoplasmic protein PGK is stabilized. VlsE and PGK are benchmarks in a systematic series of solvation environments to distinguish contributions from non‐steric and steric interactions to protein stability, compactness, and folding rate by comparing cell lysate, a crowding agent, ionic buffer and lysate buffer with in‐cell results. As anticipated, crowding stabilizes proteins, causes compaction, and can speed folding. Protein flexibility determines its sensitivity to steric interactions or crowding. Non‐steric interactions alone predict in‐cell stability trends, while crowding provides an offset towards greater stabilization. We suggest that a simple combination of lysis buffer and Ficoll is an effective new in vitro mimic of the intracellular environment on protein folding and stability.
Recording and Analyzing Nucleic Acid Distance Distributions with X‐Ray Scattering Interferometry (XSI)
Authors: Zettl Thomas , Das Rhiju , Harbury Pehr A. B. , Herschlag Daniel , Lipfert Jan , Mathew Rebecca S. , Shi Xuesong
Published: June 2018

Most structural techniques provide averaged information or information about a single predominant conformational state. However, biological macromolecules typically function through series of conformations. Therefore, a complete understanding of macromolecular structures requires knowledge of the ensembles that represent probabilities on a conformational free energy landscape. Here we describe an emerging approach, X‐ray scattering interferometry (XSI), a method that provides instantaneous distance distributions for molecules in solution. XSI uses gold nanocrystal labels site‐specifically attached to a macromolecule and measures the scattering interference from pairs of heavy metal labels. The recorded signal can directly be transformed into a distance distribution between the two probes. We describe the underlying concepts, present a detailed protocol for preparing samples and recording XSI data, and provide a custom‐written graphical user interface to facilitate XSI data analysis. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Rational Design of Low Cost and High Energy Lithium Batteries through Tailored Fluorine‐free Electrolyte and Nanostructured S/C Composite
Authors: Agostini M. , Lim D.‐H. , Sadd M. , Hwang J.‐Y. , Brutti S. , Heo J. W. , Ahn J. H. , Sun Y. K. , Matic A.
Published: June 2018

We report a new Li–S cell concept based on an optimized F‐free catholyte solution and a high loading nanostructured C/S composite cathode. The Li2S8 present in the electrolyte ensures both buffering against active material dissolution and Li+ conduction. The high S loading is obtained by confining elemental S (≈80 %) in the pores of a highly ordered mesopores carbon (CMK3). With this concept we demonstrate stabilization of a high energy density and excellent cycling performance over 500 cycles. This Li–S cell has a specific capacity that reaches over 1000 mA h g−1, with an overall S loading of 3.6 mg cm−2 and low electrolyte volume (i.e., 10 μL cm−2), resulting in a practical energy density of 365 Wh kg−1. The Li–S system proposed thus meets the requirements for large scale energy storage systems and is expected to be environmentally friendly and have lower cost compared with the commercial Li‐ion battery thanks to the removal of both Co and F from the overall formulation.