bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparação de métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência no período chuvoso e seco em Piripiri (PI)
Authors: Ribeiro Aureliano Albuquerque , Simeão Marcelo , Beserra Santos Ananda Rosa
Published: October 2016

Diversos métodos empíricos vêm sendo utilizados para a quantificação da evapotranspiração de referência em virtude das dificuldades de acesso dos produtores às variáveis empregadas pelo modelo-padrão de Penman-Monteith-FAO. Assim, objetivou-se com a realização deste trabalho avaliar, para as condições climáticas de Piripiri (PI), diferentes métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (Hargreaves-Samani, Ivanov, Jensen-Haise, Thornthwaite e Priestley-Taylor), comparando-os com o método-padrão de Penman-Monteith-FAO. Foi utilizado um conjunto de dados diários de dez anos (2002 a 2012) de temperatura do ar, velocidade do vento, umidade relativa do ar e insolação. Os dados foram obtidos na estação meteorológica convencional do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET), situada no município de Piripiri. A estimativa da ETo foi feita para o período chuvoso (janeiro a maio) e seco (junho a dezembro). Os resultados mostraram que o uso da equação de Jensen-Haise apresentou o melhor desempenho na estimativa diária da evapotranspiração de referência nas condições climáticas de Piripiri (PI) nas duas escalas de tempo avaliadas (chuvoso e seco).Palavras-chave: Agricultura. Manejo da Irrigação. Agrometeorologia.
Avaliação química da qualidade da água do Ribeirão da Mata (MG)
Authors: Torres Isabela Fernanda Araújo , Reis Lilian de Paula Gonçalves , Costa Thais De Ataíde , Rodrigues Luciano Dos Santos , Soto-Blanco Benito , Melo Marilia Martins
Published: October 2016

O presente estudo visou avaliar a qualidade da água do Ribeirão da Mata no segmento entre os municípios de Capim Branco e Matozinhos, Minas Gerais. Foram coletadas amostras de água durante os anos de 2011 e 2012, durante o período das chuvas e da seca. Determinaram-se as concentrações de fosfato, nitrato, nitrito, amônia, sulfato e fenol, realizadas por método colorimétrico em espectrofotômetro. De todas as 24 amostras analisadas, foram encontrados valores elevados de amônia para uma amostra, fenol para 21 amostras, fosfato para 11 amostras e nitrato para uma amostra. Por outro lado, nenhuma amostra analisada apresentou valores elevados de nitrito e sulfato. Os níveis de fosfato foram mais elevados no período das chuvas do que na seca. Assim, as amostras de água coletadas no Ribeirão da Mata apresentaram valores de fenol, amônia e fosfato elevados, caracterizando qualidade inadequada da água em decorrência de poluição por dejetos domésticos e industriais.Palavras-chave: Contaminação. Ecotoxicologia. Poluição. Recursos Hídricos.
Health-related Quality of Life in Young Adult Girls with Dysmenorrhea among University Medical Students in Shah Alam, Malaysia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sukalingam Kumeshini , Ganesan Kumar ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abd. Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, International Medical School, Management and Science University College, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: October 2016

Dysmenorrhea is a notably serious crisis among young adult girls and it distresses their quality of life. After menarche, most young adult girls suffer severe pain, irregular menses, too much bleeding, and dysmenorrhea. It is a common gynecological complication affecting more than half of the young adult girls resulting in episodic school absenteeism coupled with a negative impact on social behavior, educational, and sports activities. This study was a cross-sectional descriptive, conducted from September to November 2013 among 210 young adult, female medical students of Management and Science University, using a semi-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire used in this study was associated with the health-related quality of life among young adult girls; questions were related to demography, family menstrual history, prevalence, symptoms, absentees of school, involvement in sports activities, and self-care strategies. This survey was completed and the data was analyzed for the results with percentages and chi-square test applied.
Effect of humic acid doses on yield and quality parameters of cowpea[Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] cultivars
Authors: Kahraman Ali
Published: October 2016

Present research was conducted to determine the effect of humic acid (HA) on the yield and nutritional characteristics of cowpea varieties to provide an alternative crop for sustainable agricultural systems. Field trials were carried out for 2 years in Konya/Turkey ecology. HA was applied in 4 doses (0, 70, 110 and 150 kg ha-1 in total) on 2 cowpea varieties (Akkiz and Karagoz) and a total of 20 parameters were evaluated. Results showed that, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, protein yield, potassium and manganese showed an increasing tendency by increased dose of humic acid. Furthermore, 70 kg ha-1 dose of humicacid recorded higher stomatal conductance and first pod height, while applicationof 110 kg ha-1 of humic acid recorded higher plant height and proteinratio. Future research related with nutritional values is needed for achieving better growing techniques and mineral composition in cowpea genotypes
Efficacy of flumioxazine 50% SC for weed control in soybean
Authors: Thirumalaikumar R. , Kalpana R.
Published: October 2016

The experimental research was conducted to study efficacy of flumioxazine 50% SC at various dosage for weed control in soybean over Pendimethalin 30% EC, Oxyflourfen 23.5 % EC and Chlorimuron Ethyl 25% WP. Weed control efficiency, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight, grain yield, haulm yield, harvest index, net return and BC ratio were evaluated. The results revealed that pre-emergence application of flumioxazine at 250 g/ha recorded higher weed control efficiency at all stages of crop growth followed by pre-emergence application of flumioxazine at 150 g/ ha. Pre-emergence application of flumioxazine at 112.5 g/ ha recorded increased yield and economic returns in soybean. Pre-emergence application of flumioxazine at 112.5 g/ ha can reduce the weed growth below the economic threshold level and increase the yield and net return and hence it provides an option to farmers to manage weeds effectively along with improved growth leading to higher productivity of soybean.
Nutritive values of soybean silages ensiled with maize at different rates
Authors: Carpici* Emine Budakli
Published: October 2016

One of the major uses of soybean crops (Glycine max (L.) Merril) is as silage. However, due to its unpleasant odour and relatively high butyric acid content, soybean silage is not readily preferred by animals. Because it does not have a regular fermentation, easily fermented forage resources are needed to obtain quality silage. To improve the quality of the silage, soybeans can be mixed with an appropriate amount of maize (Zea mays L.). In this study, we examined the quality and properties of maize (M) and soybean (S) silages of different mixtures (100 % M, 100 % S, 10 % S + 90 % M, 20 % S + 80 % M, 30 % S + 70 % M, 40 % S + 60 % M, 50 % S + 50 % M, 60 % S + 40 % M, 70 % S + 30 % M, 80 % S + 20 % M and 90 % S + 10 % M). For this purpose, each plant species was grown separately, and the maize was harvested when the plants reached the doughy stage. The harvest was performed using a single row maize harvester that chops the plants into 1.5-2 cm pieces. The fresh plant material from each species was then mixed in different proportions and squeezed before being transferred to 1.5 L anaerobic jars (Le Parfait, France). The jars were opened after a 60-day ensiling period. Then, the dry matter rate, pH, silage loss, fleig point, crude protein content, ADF content and NDF content of the silages were determined. The results showed that an increase in soybean rate in the mixture decreased the dry matter rate. Conversely, the silage pH, crude protein content and ADF content increased. Our results suggested that producing quality silage required the soybean material to be mixed with a minimum of 50 % maize.
Growth and developmental responses of Callosobruchusmaculatus (F.) on various pulses
Authors: Sharma Rupesh , Devi Renu , Soni Anil , Sharma Umesh , Yadav Sunita , Sharma Ramesh , Kumar Ashok
Published: October 2016

A laboratory experiment was conducted on the developmental biology of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on five different pulses viz., black gram, green gram, chickpea (Desi), cowpea and pea. Significantly highest numbers of eggs, shortest post-oviposition, adult longevity and total life periods was recorded on cowpea. The beetle laid maximum eggs (89.3) on cowpea and minimum on pea (50.7). Maximum eggs were laid on first day of oviposition and lasted for eight days. Hatching of eggs was maximum on green gram (98.1%) and minimum on cowpea (94.3%). The oviposition period, post-oviposition period, incubation period, larval-pupal period, total life period and adult longevity were in the range of 6.6 to 7.9, 1.09 to 2.6, 4.3 to 5.1, 20.1 to 37.2, 31.6 to 39.1 and 11.0 to 13.1 days, respectively on various pulses. No significant differences were found in oviposition period, post-oviposition period, incubation period, total life period and adult longevity on various pulses. The adult emergence was maximum on chickpea (96.7%) and minimum on pea (52.3%).
Luxación témporo-mandibular recurrente y secundaria a distonía por antipsicóticos.
Authors: Cruzado Lizardo , Núñez-Moscoso Patricia , Garibay-Huamaní Mercibel , Villar-Salas Alicia
Published: October 2016

La distonía aguda inducida por antipsicóticos sigue siendo una patología frecuente en los servicios de emergencia psiquiátrica. Sin embargo, la luxación de la articulación témporo-mandibular, como secuela de distonía oromandibular, es una presentación inusual dentro de esta casuística. Presentamos el caso de una paciente mujer de 20 años de edad, quien recibió haloperidol intramuscular tras sendas crisis de agitación psicomotriz y persistencia de riesgo suicida, y que luego desarrolló distonía oro-mandibular, a consecuencia de la cual sufrió luxación témporomandibular unilateral. Como conclusión, se recomienda no repetir la administración de antipsicóticos parenterales de alta potencia a personas que han padecido luxación de la articulación témporo-mandibular como consecuencia de distonía secundaria a estos fármacos. Se plantea además la posibilidad de que, debido al uso masivo y creciente de antipsicóticos atípicos en el momento actual, la capacitación de los psiquiatras en cuanto a predicción y manejo de efectos adversos de los neurolépticos puede estar siendo negligida.
Créditos e índice general
Authors: DUyOT Créditos
Published: October 2016

Relación de artículos recopilados en el PDF adjunto
Cien números de Cuadernos de Investigación Urbanística
Authors: Fariña Tojo José
Published: October 2016

Cuadernos de Investigación Urbanística empezó su andadura en el año 1993. Desde aquellos comienzos han transcurrido 22 años en los que el urbanismo y la ordenación del territorio han sufrido cambios muy importantes. La propia publicación también. No sólo en sus contenidos sino también en aspectos formales. Actualmente es una revista científica, indizada y controlada por Latindex, Urbandoc, Inrecs, Resh, Dice, Isoc y Dialnet.Al principio, uno de los motivos por los que se decidió la publicación de Ci[ur] fue para potenciar la difusión en español de la investigación de trabajos relacionados con el Urbanismo y la Ordenación del Territorio. En el momento actual, hasta veinticuatro universidades de todo el mundo están asociadas a Ci[ur]. Y ya no solo se publica en español, se han publicado números recientemente en italiano o inglés.El presente número ha sido planteado por el Consejo de Redacción como una visión panorámica de la situación actual y los problemas que preocupan hoy a profesionales e investigadores del Urbanismo y la Ordenación del Territorio. Para ello se ha invitado a todos los profesores del Departamento de Urbanística y Ordenación del Territorio de la ETSAM, y este es el resultado: 31 artículos que recorren temas recurrentes, otros emergentes, otros indicativos de lo mucho que se ha hecho mal y de la herencia recibida, y también algunos sobre lo que nos espera y los problemas que vienen.
Migraciones globales y ciudad
Authors: Fernández Alonso Fernando
Published: October 2016

"En los últimos 20 años se han incorporado a nuestra población un número de emigrantes internacionales como nunca se había producido anteriormente. Los cambios que en las ciudades ha implicado este flujo están relacionados con su capacidad de atracción y adaptación, pero tienen que ser considerados también como factores de revitalización o indicadores de decadencia..."
Modelo urbano y litoral: una asignatura pendiente
Authors: Rodríguez Alonso Raquel
Published: October 2016

Como sistema vivo y en constante equilibrio, el litoral se va acomodando a los embates del mar y dicho proceso permite la salvaguarda de los usos y actividades antrópicas y de los ecosistemas situados tierra adentro. Como fuente de recursos naturales y económicos, la explotación, ocupación y transformación del litoral ha sido muy intensa en España desde los años 60, y uno de los objetivos clave del reciente boom inmobiliario.
A las puertas de HÁBITAT III
Authors: Salas Serrano Julián
Published: October 2016

Nos invita el Dr. Fariña a reflexionar desde nuestras ópticas académicas sobre los veinte años transcurridos desde la creación de Ci[ur], afirmando que: ‘…desde entonces, han ocurrido cambios muy importantes y acelerados en la forma en la que los ciudadanos vivien sus ciudades como en los rerquisitos que estas deben de cumplir’. Esta es la intención de este trabajo que pretende cubrir cuatro décadas: desde la participación del autor en Hábitat I (Vacouver, 1976), hasta la que pretende que sea su meta profesional: participar en Hábitat III (Quito, 2016).
La consolidación del proceso de generación de desigualdad social en los sistemas urbanos contemporáneos. La ciudad negocio
Authors: Tamayo Palacios Alejandro
Published: October 2016

La observación del espacio social de las periferias construidas durante las últimas décadas en las ciudades occidentales muestra importantes diferencias entre éstos ámbitos y la ciudad tradicional en cuanto a la segregación social del territorio. Frente a unos tejidos donde convivían, incluso en los mismos edificios, población de muy diferente condición, las periferias actuales muestran una gran diferenciación entre las clases de barrios. Esta constatación nos indica que el desarrollo de los sistemas urbanos postfordistas contiene un proceso de segregación social del territorio de una dimensión sin precedentes. La cuestión no es nueva, desde el siglo XIX es comúnmente aceptado que las transformaciones urbanas han ido de la mano, generalmente, de una reordenación espacial de la población, pero la escala de este proceso en las últimas décadas si es algo destacable. Para abordar esta cuestión se plantea en este artículo que el fenómeno descrito tiene que ver con la natural deriva de las ciudades de un sistema capitalista que se desarrolla sobre el territorio a través de un modelo inmobiliario que, para poder funcionar, necesita reproducir la estructura social existente mediante una oferta muy jerarquizada y ordenada que debe ser percibida en estos términos.
El sueño de los pescadores de perlas. El nuevo Dubai
Authors: Urda Peña Lucila
Published: October 2016

La evolución de las ciudades está cada vez más relacionada con la situación económica del país donde se ubican, no solamente desde un punto de vista local sino también desde su trascendencia como metrópolis de relevancia a nivel internacional. La macroeconomía mundial como motor de cambio urbano ha sido uno de los factores más determinantes en la transformación de las ciudades desde mediados del siglo XX. Sin embargo, en la mayoría de los casos, las metrópolis eran ciudades con una importante tradición industrial o comercial desde su origen (Londres o Nueva York). El crecimiento impulsado por el progreso económico continuaba una evolución natural de las propias polis que se transformaban en metrópolis. El desarrollo y evolución de ciudades históricas y su transformación en metrópolis, contrasta con la aparición de macrociudades exnovo desde el comienzo del siglo XXI. Un fenómeno que ha comenzado a producirse en lugares sin tradición urbana y sin las condiciones mínimas de habitabilidad. Hay numerosos ejemplos de pequeños asentamientos localizados en lugares de climatología adversa (con temperaturas de 50º C la mayor parte del año) que se están convirtiendo en territorios de referencia mundial para el intercambio comercial y el negocio internacional. Las “macrociudades artificiales” han proliferado en varios lugares del mundo (en China, Turquía y en Emiratos Árabes se encuentran las ciudades del mundo que más han crecido en el año 2014). Entre ellas se encuentran las nuevas metrópolis de oriente próximo que vieron cómo se multiplicaba el producto interior bruto de sus países de forma exponencial gracias a la exportación del llamado “oro negro”.
First occurrence of Drosophila suzukii in the Sauternes vineyards
Authors: Rouzes Raphaël , Delbac Lionel , Ravidat Marie-Laure , Thiéry Denis
Published: October 2016

Aim: The present work reports the detection of a new fruit fly species in Sauternes vineyards (Aquitaine region, France): Drosophila suzukii.

Methods and results: Drosophila were collected in two Sauternes vineyards, at the beginning of the harvest time in 2011, using food traps with apple molasses baits. The surveys led to the detection of the invasive species D. suzukii. In addition, rotting bunches were randomly taken in each vineyard but no D. suzukii emerged from them. The Drosophila community found in traps and on bunches was dominated by D.melanogaster.

Conclusion: D. suzukii, although present in the vineyard agroecosystem of Sauternes, did not cause any noticeable damage in 2011. However, population monitoring should be continued.

Significance and impact of the study: This first occurrence report of the invasive species D. suzukii in the Bordeaux vineyard should motivate further surveys of this potential pest of green berries.
Contribution of enzyme preparations to the linalool content of wines made from the non-aromatic grapevine variety ‘Furmint’ (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: Rusjan Denis , Strlic Matija , Kosmerl Tatjana , Prosen Helena
Published: October 2016

Aim: Terpene compounds were tentatively identified and quantified in musts and wines made from the non-aromatic grape variety ‘Furmint’ (Vitis vinifera L.) after individual treatments with seven different commercial enzyme preparations.

Methods and results: The identification and quantification of the terpene compounds were carried out with headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The content of terpene compounds in the ‘Furmint’ grape pomace was below detectable level. After enzyme treatments [Lallzyme BETA (Lall), Rohavin VR-C (VRX), Rohapect VR-C (VRC), Rohavin MX (MX), Rohapect D5L (D5L), Endozym - Cultivar A (Cult. A) and β-glucosidase (Glucosidase)], only linalool was detected in semi-fermented musts, the must treated with β-glucosidase exhibiting the statistically highest linalool content (2.25 μg/L). ‘Furmint’ wine produced from must treated with Lall appeared to be the most aromatic (based on sensory analysis) as well as the one with the highest linalool content (2.14 μg/L).

Conclusion: Wines produced from non-aromatic ‘Furmint’ grape pomace treated with different pectolytic enzyme preparations did not generally contain statistically higher levels of terpene compounds.

Significance and impact of the study: This confirms the hypothesis that all enzyme preparations are not appropriate for every types of monovarietal grape pomace, especially regarding the increase of terpenic volatile compound contents.
Root hydraulic conductivity in three self-rooted and grafted table grape cultivars
Authors: Ruggiero Celestino , Di Lorenzo Rosario , Angelino Giovanna , Scaglione Giampiero , Gambino Carlo , Di Vaio Claudio
Published: October 2016

Aim: Root hydraulic conductivity is one of the main factors that control water flow in the soil-plant system and ultimately affect crop irrigation requirements. This work sets out to estimate root water conductivity for three self-rooted or grafted table grape cultivars.

Methods and results: We evaluated root water conductivity of the cultivars ‘Black Magic’, ‘Matilde’ and ‘Victoria’ grafted onto 1103 Paulsen rootstock or self-rooted. Measurements were performed on two-year-old table grapes grown in pots filled with pumice. Root water conductivity was determined by placing the pots in a pressure chamber and increasing pressures from 0.05 to 0.30 MPa, at intervals of 0.05 MPa. Plant growth in terms of shoot and root dry matter was also evaluated, as well as leaf and root area.

Conclusion: Root water conductivity differed according to cultivar and grafting. The ‘Victoria’ cultivar had higher root water conductivity than the other two, which differed little between them. The grafted plants showed higher root water conductivity than the self-rooted plants, except the plants of the cultivar ‘Matilde’, whose root water conductivity for the grafted and self-rooted plants was almost the same. It was also observed that the higher root water conductivity in relation to cultivar and grafting changed with increasing water flux and was constant for high water flux.

Significance and impact of the study: Estimation of root hydraulic conductivity helps to determine the water consumption of the cultivars investigated, whether self-rooted or grafted, as well as the amount of irrigation water to apply to vineyards.
Nitrogen dilution in excessive canopies of Chasselas and Pinot noir cvs
Authors: Spring Jean-Laurent , Verdenal Thibaut , Zufferey Vivian , Viret Olivier
Published: October 2016

Aims: The impact of canopy management on the nitrogen (N) content in grapevines was studied.

Methods and Results: Two trials were carried out between 2001 and 2010 on Vitis vinifera cvs. Chasselas and Pinot noir. The observed factors of variation were the intensity of lateral shoot removal for the first trial and the severity of shoot trimming for the second trial. The N content was evaluated in parallel by leaf diagnosis, the chlorophyll index and the yeast available N concentration (YAN) found in the musts. When the yields were the same, a significant dilution of N in proportion to the development of the leaf area was revealed. Treatments resulting in excessive leaf area presented N deficiency in the leaves and the musts.

Conclusion: The N content in both the vines and grapes was influenced by the canopy management (lateral shoot removal and shoot trimming), and the magnitude of the response appeared to be even greater in the absence of water stress. In addition, the risk of N deficiency was found to increase beyond a maximum value of the leaf-fruit ratio.

Significance of the study: Canopy management has a significant influence on the N content in foliage and grapes, and the risk of N deficiency increases under a situation that produces an excessive leaf area.
Natural variability of surface porosity of wine cork stoppers of different commercial classes
Authors: Oliveira Vanda , Knapic Sofia , Pereira Helena
Published: October 2016

Aim: The aim of this study was to characterize the variability and to quantify the surface porosity of wine cork stoppers of different quality classes.

Methods and results : The porosity of 300 cork stoppers was characterized by image analysis on the lateral surface and tops. Porosity coefficient was 2.4%, 4.0% and 5.5% for premium, good and standard stoppers, respectively. The lateral surface of stoppers was heterogeneous with respect to porosity features: the tangential regions presented higher porosity while the radial regions had larger pores.

Conclusion : The quality classes of cork stoppers can be differentiated by the mean values of the main porosity features of their surface. There is a natural heterogeneity of the porosity features over the external surface of cork stoppers that can be traced back to the biological basis of cork formation and the production process.

Significance and impact of the study: Natural cork stoppers are the premium product of the cork industry, with worldwide recognition of quality and performance as wine sealant. Due to the large sampling and detailed observation, the results presented in this study may be used for reinforcing quality requirements, e.g., with definition of standards to improve the classification system. A better understanding of cork intrinsic variability and of the anisotropy of porosity features shown by cork stoppers is important for performance development.
Gas exchange of field-grown Vitis vinifera L. cv. zweigelt leaves in relation to leaf age and position along the stem
Authors: Knoll Mathilde , Redl Helmut
Published: October 2016

Aims: The study aimed to investigate the effects of leaf age and position along the stem on the seasonal evolution of photosynthesis and water use efficiency (WUE) of primary leaves of field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Zweigelt) under natural growing conditions in the Pannonian climate.

Methods and results: Single-leaf gas exchange measurements were carried out in three vineyards with different planting densities, training systems and canopy management in the Neusiedlersee region (Burgenland, Austria). From the beginning of leaf development until flowering, basal leaves in the fruiting zone showed the highest photosynthetic activity. After flowering until ripening, the zone with the highest photosynthetic activity continuously moved in the apical direction. Leaves reached their maximum photosynthetic activity 30 to 40 days after emergence, depending on investigation site and vineyard management. Due to sufficient water supply, photosynthesis of old leaves decreased slowly; thus 100 days after unfolding leaves still retained 65% to 75% of their maximum photosynthetic activity.

Conclusion: The development of single-leaf photosynthesis in the Zweigelt grapevine corresponded to the results of prior investigations on other grape varieties. However, vineyard management strongly influenced the evolution of gas exchange during the growing period. Leaves from vines stressed by high crop load or poor canopy management showed early leaf senescence and a strong decline in photosynthetic activity after reaching maximum level. Well-watered leaves from shoot-thinned vines with moderate crop load and equal light exposure throughout the canopy exhibited high photosynthesis with a much slower decrease in older leaves.

Significance and impact of the study: The results indicate that under favourable growing conditions ensured by adequate water supply and canopy management, basal leaves maintain good photosynthesis and WUE over a long period of time. Thus old leaves, as well, can contribute to the photosynthesis of the entire vine.
Software Reuse Knowledge Map
Authors: Fayad Dr.Mohamed E. , Flood Charles A. Flood
Published: October 2016

The term Software Reuse can be defined as a process of developing software systems from existing ones, instead of creating them from scratch [2, 3, 4, 5]. In many software engineering disciplines, systems are designed by recomposing existing software components that have been used in other systems. It has become a topic of renewed interest in the software community because of its potential benefits, which include increased product quality, decreased product cost and schedule. Software is rarely built completely from scratch. To a great extent, existing software documents (source code, design documents, etc.) are copied and adapted to fit new requirements. Software engineering is focused more on original development. However, it is now recognized that to create better software in a time efficient and cost effective way, we may need to adopt a design process that is based on systematic software reuse factors.

This paper aims at applying Software Stability Model (SSM) approach towards creating a model for Unified Software Reuse that is applicable in all scenarios and diverse domains. The software stability notion ensures high reuse ability, stability and a more design efficient model, which is domain independent too. The key contribution of this Paper is to present an idea of having a stable analysis pattern listing the Enduring business themes (EBTs) and Business Objectives (BOs) involved in the area of Unified Software Reuse. Such a generic model can further be applied to any possible scenario.
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A novel approach to managing acute tracheostomy obstruction in a patient with anaplastic thyroid cancer
Authors: Amarasekara Lareina , Laurenson John , Sykes Eliot
Published: October 2016

A 70‐year‐old female with known anaplastic thyroid cancer developed critical airway narrowing because her tumour extended below the level of a pre‐existing tracheostomy. A single use fibreoptic bronchoscope (Ambu® aScope) was passed distal to the inferior border of the tumour, and the control handle of the bronchoscope was cut and removed from the shaft. This allowed removal of the old tracheostomy tube and a longer tracheostomy tube could be railroaded over it, such that the distal end was then below the level of the tumour, allowing her airway to be rescued. This case highlights a novel adaptation of a disposable bronchoscope in a critical airway situation. It allowed both assessment of the airway and acted as a conduit to secure a definitive airway.
Difficult airway in an infant with acute Superior Vena Cava Syndrome following central venous catheterisation
Authors: Thampi Swapna , Ashokka Balakrishnan , Beske Florian
Published: October 2016

We present the case of a 40 day old term female infant with rapidly increasing swelling of the face and neck due to undiagnosed Superior Vena Cava (SVC) syndrome. We successfully intubated the trachea using a videolaryngoscope after a failed fibreoptic intubation attempt. The possibility of thrombus and inflammation resulting in SVC obstruction should be considered following previous Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) cannulation. Videolaryngoscopes, such as the paediatric C‐MAC® D‐Blade, can be a valuable adjunct for a difficult airway algorithm in infants.
Intra‐operative bilateral otorrhagia during laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Rahe Katharina , Schmidt Tobias , Kohlhoff Michael , Tonner Peter H.
Published: October 2016

An 81‐year‐old male developed intra‐operative bilateral otorrhagia during a laparoscopic bilateral inguinal hernia repair performed in a steep Trendelenburg position, associated with subcutaneous emphysema. Haemorrhagic blistering was found on both tympanic membranes and in the acoustic meatus, however the tympanic membranes were intact. We believe the combination of a prolonged steep Trendelenburg position, raised intra‐abdominal pressure, hypercarbia due to the pneumoperitoneum and subcutaneous emphysema, was responsible for the bilateral otorrhagia.
Élelmiszerek mikotoxin szennyezettségének értékelése
Authors: Petrányi Andrea , Boros Norbert , Bodnár Ildikó
Published: October 2016

Az utóbbi években a RASFF rendszer jelentései szerint a legnagyobb problémát a patogén mikroorganizmusok, a peszticid-származékok és a mikotoxinok okozzák. A 2014. évi jelentés adatai alapján elmondható, hogy a bejelentések 12%-a mi kotoxin eredetű veszélyre hívta fel a figyelmet. Kutatáso m során a RASFF rendszer mikotoxinokra vonatkozó adatait vizsgáltam. Az adatok alapján megállapí tható, hogy az összes bejelentés 90%-a aflatoxinra vonatkozik, melynek csö kkenésével az összes bejelentések száma 2004 óta 40%-kal csö kkent. Ezzel szemben az ochratoxin-A jelenléte kismértékben nőtt. Aflatoxint főként diófélékből és olajos magvakból mutattak ki, legnagyobb mennyiségben földimogyoróból, míg az ochratoxin A főként gyümölcsökben (több mint 85%-ban fügében) és fűszerekben jelentős. A deoxinivalenol és a fumonizin bejelentések száma lényegesen alacsonyabb ugyan, mint az előző két toxiné, de minden évben jelen voltak a gabonafélékben, többnyire kukoricában és búzában. Zearalenont és patulint a vizsgált időszakban csak 16 és 18 esetben mutattak ki élelmiszerekből, azonban a patulin bejelentések 22%-a bébiételre vonatkozott, így e toxin vizsgálata is kiemelkedően fontos.
Fúvós hangszer irányítása PROFINET ipari protokollon keresztül
Authors: Liptai Tibor , Tóth János , Husi Géza
Published: October 2016

Napjainkban az ipari kommunikációs rendszerek nagy fejlődési potenciállal rendelkező terület a fejlett vezérlési és irányítási rendszerek kapcsán. Szükséges a vezérlési feladatokra nem csak lokális szinten tekinteni, hanem átfogóan, több részegység irányításaként. A részegységek kommunikációjának megvalósítására többféle ipari protokoll lett kifejlesztve.
Frank Lloyd Wright és a tokiói Imperial Hotel
Authors: Tóth D. , Szalai A.
Published: October 2016

Frank Lloyd Wright egyike a XX. század első felének legkiemelkedőbb építészeinek. Wright építészete az organikus vagy más néven szerves építészet nevet kapta, amely az épületek és azt körülvevő természetes környezet messzemenő harmonizációjára való törekvést jelenti. Élete során rengeteg épületet tervezett, de talán egyik legmeghatározóbb, és legnagyobb negatív és pozitív visszhangot kapó épülete a tokiói Imperial Hotel volt.
A MODBUS RTU protokoll biztonságtechnikai vizsgálata, új kriptográfiai megoldások tesztelése
Authors: Jakabóczki Gábor , Szemes Péter Tamás , Ádámkó Éva
Published: October 2016

Az elmúlt évtized alatt a SCADA, CIS, ICS és hasonló rendszerek elleni támadások száma nagyban megnövekedett, ezek a rendszerek egyre védtelenebbek. A dolgozat célja, hogy a MODBUS RTU protokoll biztonsági hiányosságaira megoldást jelentő új kriptográfiai megoldás implementációja során gyűjtött tapasztalatokat összegezze.
Létesítmény szélenergia hasznosításának lehetőségei
Authors: Kostyák Attila , Szodrai Ferenc
Published: October 2016

Vizsgálatunk célja olyan szélerőmű rendszer kidolgozása volt, mely képes városi környezetben is működni, olyan kevésbé kedvező szélrajzzal rendelkező területeken is, mint az alföldi városok. A javasolt rendszer a csőben áramló közegek tulajdonságait használja ki, miáltal képes jelentős teljesítménytöbbletet elérni kis szélsebesség esetén is a hagyományos elrendezésű turbinákhoz képest.
Специфічність діабетичної кардіоміопатії за наявності коморбідних серцево-судинних захворювань: клініко-ультраструктурні дослідження
Authors: Kyyak Yu.H. , Kyyak H.Yu. , Barnett O.Yu.
Published: October 2016

Актуальність. Концепція про діабетичну кардіоміопатію вперше була запропонована С. Рублер та співавт. понад 100 років тому, але цей діагноз рідко використовується клініцистами через існування, переважно в пацієнтів із цукровим діабетом (ЦД), таких коморбідних захворювань, як ішемічна хвороба серця (ІХС) і гіпертонічна хвороба. Різноманітні механізми спричинюють патогенез діабетичної кардіоміопатії, але її специфічні ознаки досі остаточно не встановлені. Мета дослідження — з’ясувати ультраструктурні особливості ремоделювання кардіоміоцитів, характерні для діабетичної кардіоміопатії, за наявності коморбідної ІХС та артеріальної гіпертензії (АГ). Матеріали і методи. Були порівняні результати клінічного обстеження та ультраструктурного дослідження експрес-некропсій та періопераційних біопсій міокарда в 25 пацієнтів із ЦД 2-го типу за наявності супутньої АГ та ІХС. Результати. Виявлені ультраструктурні особливості гібернації кардіоміоцитів, характерні для ЦД 2-го типу, відмінні від їх гібернації за наявності ІХС та АГ. З’ясовано, що гібернація кардіоміоцитів за ЦД виникає вже на ранніх стадіях захворювання, ще до розвитку АГ та ІХС, тобто за відсутності гіпертрофії кардіоміоцитів та їх оглушеності, характерних для серцево-судинних захворювань. Висновки. Діабетична кардіоміопатія виникає в результаті дисметаболічних і мікроциркуляційних розладів, що призводить до гібернації кардіоміоцитів. Тригерами розвитку діабетичної кардіоміопатії є декомпенсація ЦД і серцево-судинні захворювання. Гіберновані кардіоміоцити гинуть шляхом апоптозу або вторинного некрозу, що обумовлює трансформацію діастолічної дисфункції лівого шлуночка в систолічну.
Análise químico-físico e sensorial de hambúrgueres formulados com carne de ovelhas de descarte
Authors: Mora Natália Holtz Alves Pedroso , Macedo Francisco de Assis Fonseca de , Dias-Senegalhe Franciane Barbiéri , Radis Ana Cláudia , Feihrmann Andresa Carla , Possamai Ana Paula Silva , Oliveira Daniele Portela de , Torres Maryane Gluck , Macedo Thiago Gomes de
Published: October 2016

Eight sheep were used at the end of reproductive life fed ad libitum for 60 days with mixed and pelleted complete feed. After slaughter, the shoulders were extracted, vacuum packed and stored at -18º C being boneless to produce burger with different proportions of sheep meat and pork backfat. The burgers were evaluated by means of chemical and sensory analyzes to verify the acceptability of consumers. Moisture was influenced by the proportion of sheep meat in burgers, with being lower for 85% of sheep meat. The concentration of ash, total lipids and cooking losses did not differ (P>0.05) between treatments. The burgers of crude protein decreased with the addition of 30% pork backfat, compared to the other treatments. Consumers showed preference for burgers formulated with 85% inclusion of sheep meat and 15% pork backfat (P
Utilização de gordura na dieta de vacas leiteiras
Authors: Silva Joelson Antonio , Duarte Júnior Moacir Ferreira , Silva Renata Pereira da , Tsuneda Pedro Paulo , Senra e Silva Luis Eduardo , Barbosa Larissa Alves Berté
Published: October 2016

The rapid return of ovarian activity after calving is of fundamental importance for dairy cows. In the peripartum period, these animals lose weight, however this excess weight loss after calving is related to the delayed occurrence of the first ovulation. Thus, nutrition is directly related to reproductive efficiency and utilization of fat in the diet of these animals with improvement in energy intake with indirect reflections on reproductive efficiency of the flock. Rich sources of fat into polyunsaturated fatty acids of influence the metabolism of some reproductive hormones essential for reproduction.
Enterorrafias em coelhos com sutura invertida extramucosa versus continua simples contaminante e cushing: avaliação macroscópica
Authors: Souza Luiz Augusto de , Freitas Patrícia Maria Coletto , Dias Taís Andrade , Eurides Duvaldo , Beretta Daniel Cortês , Fares Nadine Bou , Paula e Silva Tamires de , Mota Francisco Cláudio Dantas
Published: October 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare macroscopically suture patterns with catgut thread on intestinal suture used in rabbits. Ten adult, male, New Zealand rabbits were used. In each animal two longitudinal incisions of 3,0cm were made in small intestine, equidistant one from the other 10,0cm. The cranial incision was repaired with extramucous Swift-like suture and the caudal incision was repaired with simple continuous pattern including mucosa and the second with Cushing, both protected by omentum. After ten days postoperative was observed in Swift-like suture lower stenosis and advanced cicatricial process. It was therefore concluded that the extramucous Swift-like suture can be safety recommended in intestinal surgeries.
Composição químico-bromatológica do feno de capim elefante amonizado com uréia
Authors: Deminicis Bruno Borges , Araújo Rafael Pavesi , Rocha Norberto Silva , Abreu Matheus Lima Corrêa , Guerra Rafaela Neves , Nicolini Breno Ressari , Pandolfi Filho Antônio Delunardo , Rodrigues Patricia do Rosário
Published: October 2016

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different doses of urea ammoniation of elephant grass on the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), detergent fiber acidic (ADF), lignin (LIG), mineral matter (MM) and Ether Extract (EE). The experimental design was completely randomized with 6 treatments (doses) and 3 repetitions. The results showed that there were differences between levels of crude protein (CP) and Mineral Matter (MM), observed higher CP for treatments with higher urea, compared to MM was the inverse of PB, ie, the highest percentages of urea added to hay provided lower values ​​on the levels of MM. In the other components evaluated DM, NDF, ADF, and lignin, no differences were observed between doses of urea.
Legislação e implementação dos programas de controle de qualidade em frigoríficos sob fiscalização federal no Brasil
Authors: Fruet Ana Paula Burin , Stefanello Flávia Santi , Kirinus Jackeline Karsten , Pelegrini Luis Fernando de , Nörnberg José Laerte , Dörr Andréa Cristina
Published: October 2016

Due to the need to produce quality and safe food, the quality control programs emerged in Brazil since the 90s. These programs are formed by four major plans: Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures (SSOP) and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP). This literature review aims to determine whether the Brazilian legislation which rules quality control programs in slaughterhouse under federal inspection ensures the production of safe food. The study reveals significant changes in Brazilian law regarding the quality control in food production. Such changes can be evidenced in Circular 175/2005 Ministry of Agriculture (MAPA), which brought together the main programs in a single document and created the programs of self-control, in addition to shifting a formerly federal inspection responsibility of producing safe food on to industry. It was also identified that the Brazilian legislation and the corresponding literature have sufficient data on the implementation of quality programs, being evident that there was a pattern to be followed by companies to join the program of self-control. On this basis, food companies that follow federal legislation and conduct proper implementation of quality control programs ensure the production of safe food and enable marketing with other countries.
Senescência, remoção, translocação de nutrientes e valor nutritivo em gramíneas tropicais
Authors: Simioni Tiago Adriano , Hoffmann Alvair , Gomes Fagner Junior , Mousquer Claudio Jonasson , Teixeira Ubiara Henrique Gomes , Fernandes Geferson Antonio , Botini Leonardo Antonio , Paula Diego Cordeiro de
Published: October 2016

Although Brazil holds one of the largest commercial cattle herd in the world, about 209 million head (IBGE, 2011), it is observed that the average stocking rate is very low, resulting in lower potential productivity of the livestock sector. Among the various factors that contribute to this low productivity, can highlight the seasonality in food supply as an aggravating factor for the productive sector. Basically, in all regions of Brazil, seasonality is characterized by variations in the availability and quality of forage in response to changes in climatic conditions which do not allow forage plants have uniform growth throughout the year. The choice of forage grass to form a pasture, must be very careful to increase their productivity of dry matter and crude protein content, with seasonal balance and acceptability by animals. The pasture management aims to achieve balance between the performance / quality of forage produced, maintaining the desired botanical composition. Associated with these factors has been able to obtain good results by field of animal production. To obtain proper pasture management, it is necessary to know beyond the physical, structural and anatomical characteristics of forage species, the amount of forage offered to animals and nutritive value, but also the amount of forage being consumed by the animal and nutritional value the forage actually consumed.
Motilidade espermática de sêmen bovino incubado em banho-maria e garrafa térmica
Authors: Pereira Carlos Fernando Neves , Prates Angélica Soares Teixeira , Andrade Weudes Rodrigues , Alves e Dias Carolina Pilar , Murta Eveline Amorim , Murta ,Jose Eduardo Jardim
Published: October 2016

We evaluated two doses of bovine semen, in domestic and imported, incubated by two methods, with the aim of quantifying the motility of sperm. After thawing, the semen was incubated in a water bath and the flask at a temperature of 37 º C for 60 minutes, and the evaluations of sperm motility performed every 20 minutes. The results of motility of sperm were incubated in a water bath, respectively 50, 30, 20 and 20%, 40, 30, 10, and 10% for domestic and imported semen after 0, 20, 40 and 60 minutes. The semen incubated in thermos results showed sperm motility 40, 20, 10 and 10% and 40, 10, 10 and 10% for domestic and imported semen in their times of 0, 20, 40 and 60 minutes after thawing. There was no statistical difference (chi-square) significant (p> 0.05) between semen incubated in thermos or water bath, or between the origin of the semen (nationality or imported). We conclude that while spending time sperm motility decreases, even though the water temperature constant, while maintaining sperm motility after 60 minutes of thawing.
Ancylostoma spp. em cães de rua de Lages, Santa Catarina: variáveis epidemiológicas e coinfecção parasitária
Authors: Quadros Rosiléia Marinho de , Fernanda Ronconi Fernanda Ronconi , Marques Sandra Marcia Tietz , Weis Paulo Henrique Exterchoter , Orides Marcio da Silva
Published: October 2016

Animal ancylostomiasis co-occurs with gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders, emaciation, and developmental delay, and may progress to cachexia and death. A total of 357 fecal samples from stray dogs captured by the Center for Zoonotic Disease Control in Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil, from June 2011 to January 2012, were assessed by the Willis-Mollay method. The prevalence of positive dogs for Ancylostoma spp. eggs was 64.43% (230/357), affecting 63.16% (120/190) of females and 65.87% (110/167) of males. Animals aged 2 to 5 years showed higher parasite infection rates (77.78%), but no statistical difference was noted between age groups and sex of infected dogs. There was coinfection of Ancylostoma spp. with Trichuris vulpis and Toxocara spp. Summertime revealed a larger significant correlation with Ancylostoma spp. infection. Dogs infected by Ancylostoma spp. were detected in 44 (64.71%) out of 68 neighborhoods. Infected stray dogs are an important source of infection as they roam the streets and public squares. Zoonotic control measures are therefore crucial, mainly on the outskirts, where the number of infected dogs is larger