bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Charakterystyka podstawowych rodzajów upadłości firm w edukacji przedsiębiorczości
Authors: Tokarski Andrzej
Published: February 2021

There is no certainty in market economy that business activity conducted by a company will bring a market success. Therefore, bankruptcies of enterprises phenomenon performs a role of a sort of natural regulator in the economic system, which makes resources to be changed for more useful by disappearance of companies that are not effective and cannot withstand competition. The article presents the characteristics of basic types of bankruptcies but clearly indicates that actually there is no one type of such bankruptcies It means that a typology of bankruptcies takes into account the following division criteria referring to: legal and economic sphere, an entity that can be declared bankrupt, insolvency proceedings and its binding extent, the impact and extent of bankruptcies and how they affect the society, interests of participants in bankruptcy proceedings, the financial aspect, reasons of a crisis in enterprises, a rate of revenue changes in a given industry and others
Regionalne zróżnicowanie kształcenia we Francji w aspekcie rozwoju przedsiębiorczości departamentów zamorskich
Authors: Dorocki Sławomir , Brzegowy Paweł
Published: February 2021

Regional policy concerning territorial development of the country, while reducing disparities in regional development in France has existed for nearly half a century. It beginnings reach 1963 when DATAR – an institution coordinating regional development of France was established (Délégation à l'aménagement du territoire et à l'action régionale). Additionally, European institutions have started to work, particularly from the 90s of the 20th century, on implementing the cohesion policy at the regional levels.  Regional policy covers the entire territory of the Republic of France, including its former colonial territories of DOM: French overseas departments (départements d'outre-mer). DOM includes: Guadeloupe, French Guyana, Martinique and Reunion. These regions despite undertaken actions aiming at their economic development are still struggling with various issues. The most significant are the natural and historical constrains, economic dependence on France and the EU financial assistance, supremacy of agriculture, tourism and housing, unemployment and poverty of society and finally the social problems associated with multiculturalism. Actions undertaken by national and regional authorities are predominantly focused on developing the infrastructure and stimulating business development through knowledge transfer and investments in human capital. Recognizing the fact that investing in human is the most essential factor in the growth and socio-economic progress, the aim of this paper is to analyze regional differences in educational level and structure of the population of overseas and mainland France as well as its changes since the 90s basing on statistical data. The second part presents the regional comparison of the selected indicators of human capital development in the French economy with selected data showing the quantitative changes in the education of France.
Globalizacja a nowe koncepcje zarządzania przedsiębiorstwem
Authors: Szymańska Anna Irena
Published: February 2021

Rapid globalisation of the economy, a revolution in the technical and information technology fields as well as a great variety of solutions provided nowadays by contemporary management makes the company management of XXI century to be predominantly concentrated on external environment of organization. This management should consist in defining the objectives of organisation in connection with the market needs and an individual customer. On the other hand, the economic, political and social processes taking place on a global scale force enterprises to also perform internal reorganisations.Currently a number of various concepts of organisation management and detailed methods connected with them, techniques and tools, are applied in business activities.  They can be divided into three groups: • Concepts concentrated on organisation management process – marketing, logistics (just-in--time production and just-in-time management), human resources management, TQM total quality management, controlling, outsourcing, time based management (TBM), • Concepts  concentrated mainly on changes management – BPR business process reengineering, lean management, • Concepts concentrated on organisation forms – learning organisation, intelligent organisation, network organisation, virtual organisation.All these theories are distinguished by different attitudes towards organisation management and changes implementation. The managers and their ability to predict the results of the applied solutions are those who choose one particular concept or certain integrated attitude.
„Jestem przedsiębiorczy – kształtowanie postaw przedsiębiorczych wśród młodzieży z wykorzystaniem innowacyjnych technik i narzędzi”. Prezentacja projektu
Authors: Świłło Izabella
Published: February 2021

This paper presents a project called "I am Enterprising – Developing Entrepreneurial Attitudes with the Use of Innovative Teaching Tools and Methods among Young People" which is conducted in post-secondary schools in Wielkopolska region. The article discusses the project mission, its main objectives, target addressees of the project and benefits arising from participation in the project. Additionally, it describes definitions of 11 entrepreneurial competencies that will be the subject of the study using a competence measurement tool developed in the project.
Kształtowanie kompetencji osobistych i społecznych w szkolnictwie zawodowym dla sektora handlu detalicznego w świetle opinii partnerów społecznych
Authors: Kilar Wioletta , Kurek Sławomir , Rachwał Tomasz
Published: February 2021

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie roli kompetencji osobistych i społecznych jako składowych postawy przedsiębiorczej w warunkach kryzysu gospodarczego, którego jednym z przejawów jest wzrastające bezrobocie, szczególnie wśród ludzi młodych. Szczególna uwaga zostanie skierowana na kształcenie tych kompetencji w szkolnictwie zawodowym, przygotowującym do pracy w sektorze handlu detalicznego na podstawie celów i założeń międzynarodowego projektu badawczo- -edukacyjnego „Kompetencje Sektora Handlu Detalicznego – kształtowanie kompetencji osobistych i społecznych w szkolnictwie zawodowym dla sektora handlu detalicznego (ReSeCo)”. W artykule przedstawiono także ważniejsze wnioski z analizy opinii partnerów społecznych odnośnie potrzeb i wymagań w sektorze sprzedaży detalicznej w zakresie rozwijania kompetencji osobistych i społecznych oraz przydatności proponowanych materiałów dydaktycznych.
Rola systemu poradnictwa zawodowego w edukacji i tworzeniu inicjatyw klastrowych w systemie oświaty na przykładzie miast: Zabrza, Gliwic i Rybnika
Authors: Pradela Agata
Published: February 2021

Procesy podejmowania decyzji przez abiturientów szkół różnych szczebli są kluczowe dla dalszej kariery edukacyjnej i zawodowej młodzieży. W warunkach dynamicznych zmian gospodarczych coraz większą rolę odgrywa system orientacji i poradnictwa zawodowego, którego nadrzędną rolą jest udzielanie wsparcia uczniom w planowaniu dalszej ścieżki kariery, zgodnie z ich potrzebami, predyspozycjami, ale też wymaganiami rynku. Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań dotyczących systemu orientacji i poradnictwa zawodowego, przeprowadzonych na terenie województwa śląskiego. W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawiono modelową strukturę systemu doradztwa zawodowego w Zabrzu oraz działania władz miasta zmierzające w kierunku rozwoju tego systemu. W drugiej części przedstawiono wyniki badań systemu doradztwa zawodowego w Gliwicach i Rybniku w następujących aspektach: sposoby poszukiwania informacji nt. dalszej ścieżki edukacji i kariery, znajomość doradców zawodowych i oceny ich kompetencji, efektywność lekcji z przedmiotu podstawy przedsiębiorczości, potrzeby informacji nt. perspektyw na rynku pracy.
Camus and Aristotle on the Art Community and its Errors
Authors: Fendt Gene
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this paper is to show the agreement of Camus and Aristotle on the cultural function of the art community (the community of artist and audience), in particular their criticism of what should be called barbarian or nihilistic practices of art.  Camus' art and criticism have been frequent targets of modern critics, but his point is and would be that such critics have the wrong idea of the purpose of art.  His answer to such critics and the parallelism of his ideas with Aristotle's criticism of barbarian culture, show that the real issue between Camus and his critics is cultural.
La réception des notions philosophiques de trace, d’arkhé et de document dans l’œuvre d’Alain Nadaud
Authors: Chiadini Gianluca
Published: February 2021

The reception of the notions of trace, arkhé, and document in the work of Alain Nadaud (Abstract)This paper intends to point out the philosophical features in the novels of the French writer Alain Nadaud and their links with the philosophical theory concerning the concepts of trace, arkhé and document elaborated by Jacques Derrida in the second half of the XX century. This subject, related to the contemporary socio-historical concept of post-truth, reveals the originality and the up-to-date tendency in the novels of Alain Nadaud. This paper uncovers new important aspects of his work by proposing a solid philosophical interpretation of its main theoretical principles. In particular, it uncovers the philosophical reasons at the origin of his writing, which is based on the historical research method. Furthermore, it reveals the sense of dystopia of his novels and relates it with the most recent socio-philosophical analysis of contemporary western society.
Roland Barthes : pour une écologie de l'écriture
Authors: Matei Alexandru
Published: February 2021

Roland Barthes: For an Ecology of Writing Abstract Even if the theoretical prestige of the notion of ecology is recent, an ecological writing has already been racticed, without receiving this name, by Roland Barthes. On several occasions, progressively after Writing Degree zero (1953), Roland Barthes envisaged writing as a multifaceted practice, the most suitable for overturning the only order worth to be revolutionized, the symbolic order. We will take a fresh look at Barthes' writing as a theoretical concept in the early 1950s, along a shift that takes the term first to the name of a technique. Finally, in the mid-1970s, writing comes to be defined by Barthes as a practice that ignores the dichotomy between matter or body and mind or idea, and which arrives, in a spiral return movement, at an inclusive conception that recovers both the concept and the practice. This is where writing meets, in Barthes' work, the act that Latour calls "greening" and which he defines above all as a new relationship between facts and values.  In the light of the latest research in "Barthesian studies" we would like to show that the future of "theory", if it is ecology today, lies in the practice and ecological commitment of writing, as a mediator of meaning, a tool of "charitable fiction", at the confines of spirit and matter.
Análise do perfil medicamentoso de idosos polimedicados no município de Sinop - MT
Authors: Fedoce Aline Garcia , Sugizaki Mario Mateus , Pazini Francine
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil farmacoterapêutico e fatores associados a saúde de idosos polimedicados atendidos em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) e que frequentam um Centro de Convivência do Idoso (CCI) no município de Sinop - MT. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, com 30 idosos, 15 de cada local citado. Os dados foram obtidos por aplicação de formulários específicos durante 5 meses. Os medicamentos foram classificados segundo o Anatomical Therapeutic and Chemical Classification. Os medicamentos inapropriados (MI) para idosos classificados pelo critério de Beers-Fick. Resultados: Ocorreu maior utilização de medicamentos da classe do sistema cardiovascular (SC) (38,7%) e do sistema nervoso central (SNC) (20,7%) na UBS, enquanto os do CCI utilizaram 39,7% dos medicamentos para SC e para o trato alimentar e metabolismo (TAM) (20,4%). Porém, os idosos da UBS obtiveram maior número de MI (14,4%) comparado ao CCI (12,0%), com um maior número de possíveis interações medicamentosas (IM) (95) versus (46) do CCI. Conclusão: O perfil farmacoterapêutico diferiu entre os grupos estudados, prevalecendo classes do SC, SNC e TAM. O uso de polifarmácia foi comum, com porcentual de MI de 12, 9% e 14,4%, e maior quantidade de IM moderadas. A atenção farmacêutica mostra-se crucial para melhora da farmacoterapia em idosos polimedicados.
Complicações da cardiomiopatia chagásica em paciente adulto jovem
Authors: De Morais Ana Flávia Parreira , E Souza Dandara Freitas da Silveira , Tomazini Murilo Henrique Fabri , De Oliveira Rui Pereira Caparelli
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a evolução da cardiomiopatia chagásica em pacientes adultos jovens, identificando complicações, abordagens diagnósticas e terapêuticas mais atuais. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura nas cinco principais bases de dados disponíveis para pesquisa. Os critérios de inclusão foram os idiomas português, inglês e espanhol; artigos publicados no período de 2010 a 2020, com os descritores: cardiomiopatia chagásica e complicações. Resultados: Foram encontrados 184 artigos e após análise dos critérios de exclusão, foram incluídos nove, sendo eles: caso controle (1), estudos transversais (2), revisões (4), ensaios clínicos randomizados (1) e coorte retrospectivo (1). Os exames diagnósticos como sorologia para Trypanossoma Cruzi, eletrocardiograma e ressonância magnética foram relevantes para o seguimento dos pacientes com cardiomiopatia chagásica. Como opções terapêuticas, o transplante cardíaco e o transplante de células da medula óssea demonstraram resultados satisfatórios; em contrapartida, a terapia medicamentosa com benznidazol não mostrou benefício na cardiopatia chagásica crônica com dano de órgão específico. Considerações finais: Os achados indicam que existem tratamentos que poderiam auxiliar em tais complicações, como o transplante cardíaco e a terapia com células da medula óssea. A escassez de estudos mostra a necessidade de mais pesquisas para desenvolver terapias mais eficazes para uma melhora da sobrevida desses pacientes.
Perfil dos usuários e motivos de atendimentos em serviços não hospitalares fixos de urgência e emergência
Authors: Santos Paloma de Brito , Santos Tamires Pimentel Vieira , Dos Santos Patricia Reis Alves
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil dos usuários e os motivos de procura por serviços não hospitalares fixos de urgência e emergência em um município paulista. Métodos: Estudo com abordagem quantitativa, transversal e descritivo. Foram analisadas 410.977 fichas de atendimento referentes ao ano de 2017, coletadas dos registros do Sistema de Prontuário Eletrônico, por meio do software R (R Core Team). Resultados: Verificou-se o seguinte perfil de usuários: mulheres jovens, na faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos, que buscam por atendimento principalmente durante os dias da semana e nos períodos matutino e vespertino. Os motivos mais prevalentes de procura foram queixas agudas relacionadas ao sistema respiratório e reavaliação com exames. Foram classificados com baixo risco de gravidade 95,71% dos atendimentos. Conclusão: Neste estudo evidenciou-se que o perfil dos usuários nos SUE não hospitalares investigados, é predominantemente do sexo feminino e adultos jovens, tendo como maior procura por atendimento no início da semana, por queixas respiratórias e reavaliação de exames. Destaca-se a alta prevalência de atendimentos de baixa complexidade demonstrando os desafios em relação ao papel proposto e o de fato exercido pelos SUE na RAU, assim como às dificuldades de articulação entre os componentes.
Atuação do fisioterapeuta mediante a pandemia da covid-19 em um hospital de referência no interior da Amazônia Legal
Authors: De Carvalho Elenir Silva , Kundsin Alana
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Observar a atuação do fisioterapeuta no âmbito hospitalar perante a assistência aos pacientes acometidos pela COVID-19, em um hospital de referência no interior da Amazônia Legal. Métodos: Pesquisa transversal de caráter descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário online, com a participação dos profissionais da área de fisioterapia, a coleta consistiu por um período de um mês em um hospital público do interior de Rondônia. Resultados: Foi possível constatar a presença de profissionais jovens, com predominância de atuação em unidade de terapia intensiva com carga horária de 24h/dia. Devido a pandemia da covid-19, foi observado a contratação de profissionais emergenciais. Os fisioterapeutas desta instituição, 96,7% relataram que receberam treinamentos para o manejo dos pacientes infectados por SAR-CoV-2 e 33,3% destes profissionais já sofreram infecção por este vírus. Conclusão: O fisioterapeuta vem atuando na condução do suporte ventilatório invasivo e não invasivo, manejo da oxigenoterapia e da posição prona, realizando exercícios com ênfase na otimização e reabilitação da função motora e respiratória, auxiliando em procedimentos corriqueiros dos cuidados intensivos como a intubação orotraqueal, extubação, reanimação cardiopulmonar.
Anticoagulantes nas síndromes coronarianas agudas: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Júnior Irineu Lopes de Alcântara , Pagoto Angelo Bruno , Lima Ingrid Loureiro de Queiroz , Silva Tayrel dos Anjos , Eliziario Marcio Jadson Marialva , E Souza Bárbara Aparecida de Souza , Júnior Armando Hiroyuki Mori , Ihara Bárbara Pires , Figueira Irilane de Alcântara , De Alcântara Ismael Henrique Azevedo
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática acerca dos anticoagulantes nas síndromes coronarianas agudas (SCA). Métodos: Foi realizada pesquisa em bases eletrônicas em busca de estudos controlados randomizados ou estudos observacionais retrospectivos ou prospectivos que abordassem acerca do uso de anticoagulantes orais em pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda. A pesquisa incluiu artigos publicados de 2010 a 2019, em inglês ou em português. A seleção ocorreu por dois avaliadores independentes. Resultados: A idade média encontrada foi de mais de 60 anos e a indicação clínica mais comum de anticoagulantes orais foram em pacientes que se submeteram à intervenção coronariana percutânea em decorrência de uma SCA e evoluíram com fibrilação atrial, sendo o mais utilizado a Varfarina. O uso de terapia antitrombótica tripla (anticoagulante + varfarina + clopidogrel) esteve associado a aumento do risco de sangramento com eficácia semelhante quando comparado com uso de aspirina e clopidogrel isolados. Considerações finais: O uso da terapia tripla deve levar em consideração fatores acerca do risco hemorrágico para que seus benefícios superem os riscos.
Adversary lower bounds for the collision and the set equality problems
Authors: Belovs Aleksandrs , Rosmanis Ansis
Published: February 2021

We prove tight \Omega(n^{1/3}) lower bounds on the quantum query complexity of the Collision and the Set Equality problems, provided that the size of the alphabet is large enough. We do this using the negative-weight adversary method. Thus, we reprove the result by Aaronson and Shi, as well as a more recent development by Zhandry.
Quantum information transmission through a qubit chain with quasi-local dissipation
Authors: Radgohar Roya , Memarzadeh Laleh , Mancini Stefano
Published: February 2021

We study quantum information transmission in a Heisenberg-XY chain where qubits are affected by quasi-local environment action and compare it with the case of local action of the environment. We find that for open boundary conditions the former situation always improves quantum state transfer process, especially for short chains. In contrast, for closed boundary conditions quasi-local environment results advantageous in the strong noise regime. When the noise strength is comparable with the XY interaction strength, the state transfer fidelity through chain of odd/even number of qubits in presence of quasi-local environment results smaller/greater than that in presence of local environment.
Rapid and robust generation of Einstein-–Podolsky–-Rosen pairs with spin chains
Authors: Wilkinson Kieran N. , Estarellas Marta P. , Spiller Timothy P. , D'Amico Irene
Published: February 2021

We investigate the ability of dimerized spin chains with defects to generate EPR pairs to very high fidelity through their natural dynamics. We propose two protocols based on different initializations of the system, which yield the same maximally entangled Bell state after a characteristic time. This entangling time can be varied through engineering the weak/strong couplings' ratio of the chain, with larger values giving rise to an exponentially faster quantum entangling operation. We demonstrate that there is a set of characteristic values of the coupling, for which the entanglement generated remains extremely high. We investigate the robustness of both protocols to diagonal and off-diagonal disorder. Our results demonstrate extremely strong robustness to both perturbation types, up to strength of 50\% of the weak coupling. Robustness to disorder can be further enhanced by increasing the coupling ratio. The combination of these properties makes the use of our proposed device suitable for the rapid and robust generation of Bell states in quantum information processing applications.
Standardized Stirring for Small Scale Surveys
Authors: Omari Isaac , Paul Mathias , McIndoe J Scott
Published: February 2021

Stirring rates in heterogeneous catalytic reactions have an effect on reaction rates. When conducting small-scale surveys using a single central stir plate, reaction vessels in different positions experience slightly different levels and patterns of agitation. We probed this effect by running the same reaction 40 times, varying the stir rate (fast/slow) and the vial position using two 3D printed vial holders. We found variability of conversion (measured mass spectrometrically) to be approximately two times higher for vials placed at different distances, but the effect was relatively small and could be minimized by using a high stir rate. For those experimenters wishing to completely eliminate differential stirring as a cause for variation in results, the 3D printed circular array we designed is recommended over a conventional rectangular array.
Dynamic Self-organization in an Open Reaction Network as a Fundamental Mechanism for the Emergence of Life
Authors: Mukouyama, Yoshiharu , Nakato Yoshihiro
Published: February 2021

The emergence of life on the earth has attracted intense attention but the mechanism of it still remains an unsolved question. A key problem is that it has been left unclear why a living organism, which is regarded as an open reaction system, can demonstrate dynamic self-organization leading to highly-ordered structures and adaptive and evolutionary behavior. This paper shows by computer simulation that an open reaction network, which is characterized as a network of flexible constituent elements and irreversible processes, is converted to a self-organized system with adaptive and evolutionary ability when it has reached a fully-balanced stationary state. Strikingly, this result indicates that dynamic self-organization spontaneously emerges in a prebiotic chemical system placed under constant thermodynamic forces according to the second law of thermodynamics, not against it. The dynamic self-organization has potential for producing highly ordered chemical structures through evolution and is expected to have played a fundamental role in the emergence of life on the primitive earth.
A Revised Relationship Between Fracture Toughness and Y2O3 Content in Modern Dental Zirconias
Authors: Belli Renan , Hurle Katrin , Schürrlein Jana , Petschelt Anselm , Werbach Katharina , Peterlik Herwig , Rabe Torsten , Mieller Björn , LOHBAUER Ulrich
Published: February 2021

The relationship between fracture toughness and Yttria content in modern zirconia ceramics was revised. For that purpose, we evaluated here 10 modern Y2O3-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) materials currently used in biomedical applications, namely prosthetic and implant dentistry. The most relevant range between 2-5 mol% Y2O3 was addressed by selecting from conventional opaque 3 mol% YSZ up to more translucent compositions (4-5 mol% YSZs). A technical 2YSZ was used to extend the range of our evaluation. The bulk mol% Y2O3 concentration was measured by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Phase quantification by Rietveld refinement are supplied by considering only two tetragonal phases or an additional improbable cubic phase. A first-account of the fracture toughness (KIc) of the partly-sintered materials is given, which amounted to 0.4 – 0.7 MPaÖm. In the fully-densified state, an inverse power-law behavior was obtained between KIc and bulk mol% Y2O3 content, whether using only our measurements or including literature data, challenging some established relationships.
Heavy-Atom Effect Promotes Multi-Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence
Authors: Hua Tao , Zhan Lisi , Li Nengquan , Huang Zhongyan , Cao Xiaosong , Xiao Zhengqi , Gong Shaolong , Zhou Changjiang , Zhong Cheng , Yang Chuluo
Published: February 2021

As one type of latest emitters with simultaneous high efficiency and color-purity, the development of multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials represents an important advancement for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). We herein present a new strategy to improve the performance of MR-TADF emitters by fusing sulfur element into the B-N based framework, aiming to utilize the non-metal heavy-atom effect in accelerating the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process of the emitter. Two compounds, namely 2PTZBN and 2PXZBN, were developed in this work through rigidifying the DABNA-1 skeleton by sulfur or oxygen atoms. The theoretical calculations and photoluminescence studies revealed that the sulfur-incorporated 2PTZBN enabled considerable rate constant of RISC (kRISC) up to 2.8 × 105 s-1 in toluene due to larger spin-orbital coupling (SOC) values and smaller singlet-triplet energy splitting (ΔEST) compared with 2PXZBN. Consequently, organic light-emitting diodes based on 2PTZBN exhibited highly efficient green emission with maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 25.5%.
Passive Permeate-Side-Heated Solar Thermal Membrane Distillation: Extracting Potable Water from Seawater, Surface Water, and Municipal Wastewater at High Single-Stage Solar Efficiencies
Authors: Tanvir Rahamat Ullah , Sujon Shahin Ahmed , Yi Peng
Published: February 2021

Globally, hundreds of millions of people still drink untreated surface water due to the lack of even a basic drinking water service, and urgently need economical off-grid water treatment devices. A passive, single-stage, permeate-side-heated solar thermal membrane distillation system is developed for extracting potable water from seawater, surface water, and municipal wastewater. The carbon black-coated permeate side of 0.45 µm PVDF membrane absorbs solar radiation and evaporates the feed water within the pores of the membrane. Under natural sunlight, the distillate flux was 8.56 kg/(m2∙day) at an average daytime irradiance of 652 W/m2, equivalent to the system energy efficiency of 67.5%, the highest so far for single-stage solar distillation under natural sunlight. This system removed all the heterotrophic bacteria, 99.9% turbidity, and 99.6% chemical oxygen demand (COD) from wastewater, and reduced electrical conductivity by 99.9% from seawater, during the first 8 hours of operation under simulated sunlight (1800 W/m2). The operation continued for 32, 18, and 10 days on average for seawater, canal water, and wastewater, respectively, until the feed water penetrated the membrane. Throughout long-term experiments, distillate had decreasing flux within 0.98–1.55 kg/(m2∙h), steady pH of 7.2–7.9, steady turbidity of 0.09–0.21 NTU, steady electrical conductivity within 0.003–0.451 mS/cm, and increasing COD within 1.9–9.2 mg/L regardless of the type of feed water. Comprehensive water quality tests show that the distillate extracted from all types of feed water meets U.S. drinking water standards for total coliform, 22 heavy metals and minerals, 7 anions, 5 physical factors, and 50 volatile organic compounds, and will be safe to drink in real-world applications.
Surgical treatment for pelvic bone metastases
Authors: Buharov Artem V. , Derzhavin Vitali A. , Erin Dmitrii A. , Yadrina Anna V. , Aliev Mamed D.
Published: February 2021

Bone metastases are one of the important problems of modern orthopedic oncology. Because of the improvement of the methods of systemic drug treatment of malignant tumors, the overall duration of life expectancy of patients with generalized cancer, including bone metastases, can be up to 1218 months and more. Metastases, including pelvic bone metastases, reduce the quality of life of patients, not only causing pain syndrome (PS), but also significantly placing restrictions on patients movement, often leading to disability. The possibilities of surgical correction of modern oncoortopedia can prevent pathological fractures, reduce PS and, as a result, stabilize or improve the functional status of patients.
The aim is to evaluate the results of treatment of patients with metastases of various solid tumors in pelvic bone.
Materials and methods. The analysis of the treatment of 67 patients who underwent various types of surgery for pelvic ring metastases. The average age of patients was 55.5 years (from 23 to 75 years). 51 (76.12%) patients with multiple metastases underwent minimally invasive palliative surgery. Radical surgery was performed in16 (23.88%) patients with solitary mass.
Results. The average blood loss during radical surgery was 1969 ml (from 150 to 4000 ml). The edges of resection during all surgeries are negative (R0). Six patients showed progression after the treatment of the disease. It was noted that 46 (90%) patients had a significant reduction in PS, up to complete disappearance, that allowed 42 (82%) patients to reduce the intake of analgesic drugs or completely abandon them, after minimally invasive palliative surgery.
Conclusion. In case of solitary pelvic bone metastases is necessary to perform radical surgery to achieve maximum oncological and functional results. In patients with multiple metastases in order to reduce PS and improve the quality of life rationally should be performed minimally invasive surgery, this will allow to start systemic drug treatment as soon as possible.
Cancer of an ectopic parathyroid gland: from diagnosis to treatment (clinical case)
Authors: Allakhverdiev Arif K. , Malkina Nataliya A. , Noskova Karina K. , Grinevich Vyacheslav N. , Feidorov Ilia Yu. , Ketsba Astanda F. , Bystrovskay Elena V. , Embutniex Yuliya V. , Putova Mariya V. , Synkova Daria A.
Published: February 2021

The article presents a clinical case of a prolonged course of gastrointestinal ulcer disease, followed by dysphagia. During the examination, severe hyperparathyroidism was revealed, which subsequently prompted a diagnostic search for a parathyroid adenoma, which is the cause of hyperathyroidism in 8085% of cases. With instrumental methods of research, the cause of the main complaint is dysphagia, a formation in the posterior upper mediastinum up to 5 cm, compressing the esophagus. With transoesophageal aspiration biopsy (EUS-TYPE). The cytological picture is similar to the thyroid epithelium with part of the oncocytic differentiation. In an immunological study, lavage for parathyroid hormone showed high expression. Scintigraphy with Tc-99m pertechnetate revealed the exact topic of the formation of the parathyroid gland in the posterior mediastinum an atypical location. Surgical treatment was performed in the amount of thoracoscopic removal of the mediastinal tumor. The radical nature of the surgical intervention was confirmed by laboratory. Serum PTH levels decreased significantly. Upon receipt of the morphological conclusion, reliable data on malignant damage to the parathyroid gland were obtained. Subsequent treatment of the patient consisted in the correction of severe hypercalcemia in the postoperative period by prescribing denosumab, which led to the stabilization of the patients condition.
Vulvar cancer: brain metastases. Clinical observation
Authors: Ognerubov Nikolai A. , Antipova Tatyana S. , Kamneva Natalya A.
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Brain metastases can occur in almost all gynecological malignancies and, despite modern therapeutic options, have a poor prognosis. Brain metastases from vulvar cancer are considered to be rare. In the literature, the reports on these cases have identity character. The aim is to show clinical observation of the patient with vulvar cancer with brain metastases. Results. Patient S., 60 years old, with stage I р T1N0M0 vulvar cancer underwent vulvectomy in January 2018. During the histological study in the subepithelial layers were the areas of kraurosis with the growth of squamous cell keratinous carcinoma. Taking into account the prevalence of the tumor process, adjuvant treatment was not carried out. Two years later, in January 2020, there were focal symptoms in form of weakness in the left upper and lower limbs, an unsteady gait, a generalized weakness. During magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain in the occipital lobe paraventricular with intensive perifocal edema to the right was determined cystic-solid formation with rough edges which size was 293365 mm without clinically significant mass-effect. The middle structures were not displaced. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) was performed to detect the prevalence of the tumor process. Data on the presence of the active specific process at the time of study were not received. Taking into account the absence of other indicators of generalization process, whole brain radiation therapy (single fraction dose of 3 Gy, total radiation dose of 30 Gy) was carried out, followed by the application of Temodal. The patient was examined in 6 months. There were no signs of progression. Conclusion. Brain metastases from vulvar cancer are considered to be rare. This clinical case is interesting because brain metastases have been the only manifestation of the progression of the tumor process in the absence of regional lymph nodes damage. The main diagnostic method is MRI of the brain. The use of PET/CT helps to detect the prevalence of the tumor process. The metastases have been detected after 36 months from the date of the initial diagnosis of the cancer. Radiation therapy is a method of choice of brain metastases treatment.
Multiple myeloma
Authors: Mendeleeva Larisa P. , Votiakova Olga M. , Rekhtina Irina G. , Osmanov Evgenii A. , Poddubnaya Irina V. , Grivtsova Liudmila Iu. , Falaleeva Natalia A. , Baikov Vadim V. , Kovrigina Alla M. , Nevol’skikh Aleksei A. , Ivanov Sergei A. , Khailova Zhanna V. , Gevorkian Tigran G.
Published: February 2021

Multiple myeloma
Novel therapeutic strategies for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Ganshina Inna P. , Gordeeva Olga O. , Manukian Mariam Sh.
Published: February 2021

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer. In the presence of distant metastases, the median overall survival does not exceed 14 months. TNBC is an extremely heterogeneous group of tumors, it includes both tumors extremely sensitive to chemotherapy and tumors that require targeted or immunotherapy for the best treatment outcomes. Such subtype features make it difficult to develop a single treatment strategy for all patients. Current perceptions of resistance mechanisms and molecular drivers progression have increased therapeutic opportunities for metastatic TNBC (mTNBC). For example, in the last few years, checkpoint inhibitors and PARP inhibitors have entered into clinical practice in the Russian Federation. This review presents clinical trial data, as well as an algorithm for choosing therapy for patients with TNBC, based on the results of recent clinical studies. The review focuses mainly on drugs registered at the territory of the Russian Federation, that allows to apply these options in everyday clinical practice. Promising directions therapy of mTNBC not registered at the territory of the Russian Federation yet will be showed in a separate review in the next issue in the Journal of Modern Oncology.
Improving early breast cancer treatment: the role of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
Authors: Ganshina Inna P. , Ivanova Kristina A. , Lubennikova Elena V. , Arkhipov Alexandr V. , Zhukova Liudmila G.
Published: February 2021

Breast cancer is still the leading cause of death in patients with malignant tumors. Among women with breast cancer, standard combination chemotherapy with anthracyclines and taxanes reduces mortality from this disease by about one third compared to patients not receiving chemotherapy and is the standard for neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer. Understanding the patterns of tumor growth has made it possible to improve the current paradigms of the treatment of early forms of breast cancer and to use dose-dense chemotherapy regimens to achieve better treatment results. Nowadays, chemotherapy in a dose-dense regimen for breast cancer is the preferred option in all world and Russian clinical guidelines. However, the use of such chemotherapy regimens significantly increases the incidence of side effects, primarily febrile neutropenia. The appearance of more effective methods of supportive care, particularly short-acting and long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, in clinical practice has made it possible to use dose-dense chemotherapy regimens to increase the effectiveness of the treatment.
Salt and hypertension. Possibilities of the non-drug prevention of hypertension by dietary correction in an organized population of 25-to-49-year-old men and women for 3 years
Authors: Molchanova O. V , Britov A. N , Andreeva G. F
Published: February 2021

There is much evidence for a relation between sodium intake and blood pressure (BP). The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of a BP reduction when sodium was limited in men and women with high normal BP. Three-year dietary intervention significantly lowered systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP) in the men and women from the intervention group (p
Hypoglycemic therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic heart failure
Authors: Kakorin S. V , Averkova I. A , Mkrtumyan A. M
Published: February 2021

The article presents a literature review of prevalence, prognosis and treatment of overt tactics of chronic heart failure (CHF) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Application of modern pharmacological preparations and instrumental treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) increases life expectancy and improves the quality of life of patients with CHF as with normal carbohydrate metabolism (UO), and with type 2 diabetes. However, the risk of cardiovascular mortality (CAS) in patients with type 2 diabetes, compared to having a normal carbohydrate metabolism remains unchanged.Insulin resistance (IR) and compensatory hyperinsulinemia (GI) play a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Ongoing research in the twentieth century of coronary heart disease (CHD) and heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes revealed adverse effects of sulfonylurea medications on the metabolic processes in the myocardium and increased risk of death in patients with severe coronary artery disease. In comparison with sulfonylurea drugs, metformin and insulin not only reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, but also can prevent or delay the development of type 2 diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose. Metformin acts on the key link of pathogenesis - insulin resistance, affecting the lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases, the development of chronic disease and mortality compared with insulin and sulfonylurea drugs. However, in patients with chronic heart failure is contraindicated the use of thiazolidinediones and metformin is limited tothe severity of CHF I-II FC NYNA. With effective treatment of chronic heart failure by cardiologists in patients with type 2 diabetes, affecting therapy with insulin resistance should be mandatory.
The role of HIV-infection in the development risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in naive HIV-infected patients and HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Chukayeva I. I , Komarova I. V , Kravchenko A. V , Kushakova T. E
Published: February 2021

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the main reasons of death in the modern world. Risk factor conception is emphasized in theirs prophylaxis. Nowadays besides risk factors mark out so called «special» population groups in which prophylactic actions school be more aggressive because of high cardiovascular risk. One of such groups is HIV-infected patients. It well known that among them the prevalence of traditional and «new» risk factors is much higher. At the same time in spite of the fact that there are a lot of trials it is lack of evidence about cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-infected patients with the saved immune system function as in «naive», so in antiretroviral treated patients. The aim of our investigation was to evaluate range of express traditional and «new» risk factors in «naive» and antiretroviral treated HIV-infected patients with the saved immune system function.
Chronic tonsillitis in the practice of ENT and cardiology
Authors: Yalymova D. L , Kostyuk V. N , Vishnyakov V. V , Yalymov A. A , Shehyan G. G , Zadionchenko V. S
Published: February 2021

The problem of chronic tonsillitis (CT), its complications and associated diseases with positions of ENT doctor and cardiologist. The etiology and pathogenesis are also presented, as well as chemotherapy and clinical manifestations of conjugate pathology. A modern classification of CT is also presented. We consider the diagnosis of CT and related diseases.
Methodic recommendations Maintaining physical activity of those with limitations in health
Authors: Bubnova M. G , Aronov D. M , Boytsov Sergey Anatol'evich
Published: February 2021

Edited by S.A.Boytsov
Clinical efficacy of combined use of physical training and a fixed combination of an angiotensin receptor blocker II - valsartanumand the calcium antagonist - amlodipine on ambulatory (III) stage of rehabilitation in smoking patients with comorbid diseases (coronary heart disease, hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
Authors: Bubnova M. G , Sulim Yu. N , Aronov D. M , Novikova N. K , Vygodin V. A , Meshcheryakova N. N
Published: February 2021

Goal. The study of the clinical efficacy of combined use of systematic physical training (PT) and a fixed combination of a blocker of receptors for angiotensin II (ARB), valsartanum (Val) to dihydropyridine calcium antagonist (AA) with amlodipine (AML), appointed as part of standard therapy for smokers in patients with cardio-pulmonary pathology outpatient (III) stage of rehabilitation. Material. The study included 30 men aged 40 to 65 years. All patients were treated with statins, aspirin, .-blockers, selective and systematic FT performed 3 times a week for 4 months (duration of the training - 60 minutes with a period of moderate intensity training load of 50-60% of the threshold power cycling). After randomization, patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n=12) received additional angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and 2nd (n=18) - the combined preparation Exforge ® (AML 5-10 mg/Val 60 mg). Study duration - 4 months. Methods. In a study conducted clinical examination, bicycle stress test (VEM-test), echocardiography (echocardiography), ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), spirometry, determination of concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins, glucose, fibrinogen, uric acid, creatinine, a calculation of glomerular filtration rate by MDRD. They used questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), St George's Hospital (SGRQ) and quality of life (QOL) SF-36. Results. Against the background of the FT, combined with taking an ACE inhibitor or a fixed combination of AML/Val, reduced the number of smoked cigarettes at 20.8±5.2 pieces (
Modern opportunities for lifestyle changes and statin therapy in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Bubnova M. G
Published: February 2021

The presented review concerns the problem of lifestyle changes in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The results of studies highlighting the positive effects of quitting smoking, controlling blood pressure, body weight and cholesterol on the risks of developing cardiovascular diseases and their complications are highlighted. Attention is paid to the principles of the formation of a healthy diet and increased physical activity. The principles of prescribing statins with different categories of cardiovascular risk of the patient with emphasis on the new statin - pitavastatin are indicated.
Features of structural and functional changes in the cardiovascular system and their correction in patients with chronic heart failure in combination with cardiopulmonary pathology
Authors: Evdokimov V. V , Kovalenko E. V , Evdokimova A. G , Komissarova T. A , Tebloev K. I , Voronina G. V
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the treatment for combined pathology of cardiovascular and respiratory systems, contains the results of authors own study on structural and functional changes in the myocardium of the left and right parts of the heartin patients with chronic heart failure and concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and results of their correction with the use of nebivolol and enalaprilor losartan in the complex therapy.
The availability of a home tonometer as a factor that increases therapy compliance in outpatients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Smirnova M D , Tsygareishvili E V , Ageyev F T , Svirida O N , Kuzmina A E , Fofanova T V
Published: February 2021

The use of technical means, home automatic tonometers in particular, is one of the possible ways of enhancing therapy compliance. Aim: to evaluate the impact of the availability of an automatic tonometer on patient adherence to antihypertensive therapy and its efficiency. Subjects and methods. The investigation included 60 patients aged 45–75 years with grades 1–2 arterial hypertension. The patients were randomized to tonometer Group «OMRON» that was given an OMRON automatic tonometer and control Group that was not given the latter. Compliance-increasing methods, such as giving losartan free of charge, a self-control diary, and written recommendations, were used in all the study participants. General clinical examination, office blood pressure (BP) measurement, biochemical blood testing, and questioning using the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), Morisky-Green test, and a visual analogue scale (VAS) were employed to assess quality of life. Results. Both groups achieved a reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP). The quality of life was improved only in Group «OMRON» (VAS scores increased from 64,8 to 73,6; p=0,01). At visit 1 (at week 3), the patients in both groups showed an equally high level of compliance. At visit 2 (at week 12) the compliance in Group «OMRON» increased up to 96,4% whereas that in Group «Control» decreased to 81,3% (a 15,1% difference; p
Hypertension treatment: Is there a place for b-adrenoblockers?
Authors: Minushkina L O
Published: February 2021

The paper considers whether b-adrenoblockers may be used in the therapy of hypertension. It views in more detail the specific features of nebivolol, a third-generation highly selective b-adrenoblocker that has properties of acting on endothelial function and stimulating NO synthesis. The possible mechanism for the angioprotective activity of the drug is described. There is evidence for its antihypertensive efficacy. The effect of nebivolol on target organs in hypertension, its metabolic effects, and the possibilities of using the drug in patients with comorbidities are considered.