bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross-platform Data Analysis Reveals a Generic Gene Expression Signature for Microsatellite Instability in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Pačínková Anna , Popovici Vlad
Published: March 2019

The dysfunction of the DNA mismatch repair system results in microsatellite instability (MSI). MSI plays a central role in the development of multiple human cancers. In colon cancer, despite being associated with resistance to 5-fluorouracil treatment, MSI is a favourable prognostic marker. In gastric and endometrial cancers, its prognostic value is not so well established. Nevertheless, recognising the MSI tumours may be important for predicting the therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Several gene expression signatures were trained on microarray data sets to understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer. A wealth of expression data already exists in the form of microarray data sets. However, the RNA-seq has become a routine for transcriptome analysis. A new MSI gene expression signature presented here is the first to be valid across two different platforms, microarrays and RNA-seq. In the case of colon cancer, its estimated performance was (i) AUC = 0.94, 95% CI = (0.90 – 0.97) on RNA-seq and (ii) AUC = 0.95, 95% CI = (0.92 – 0.97) on microarray. The 25-gene expression signature was also validated in two independent microarray colon cancer data sets. Despite being derived from colorectal cancer, the signature maintained good performance on RNA-seq and microarray gastric cancer data sets (AUC = 0.90, 95% CI = (0.85 – 0.94) and AUC = 0.83, 95% CI = (0.69 – 0.97), respectively). Furthermore, this classifier retained high concordance even when classifying RNA-seq endometrial cancers (AUC = 0.71, 95% CI = (0.62 – 0.81). These results indicate that the new signature was able to remove the platform-specific differences while preserving the underlying biological differences between MSI/MSS phenotypes in colon cancer samples.
Treating TNF Receptor Associated Periodic Fever Syndrome in End-Stage Renal Failure
Authors: Coutinho J. , Chorão R. S. , Oliveira M. , Santos C. R.
Published: March 2019

Tumor necrosis factor receptor associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) is a rare monogenic autoinflammatory disease. Its most severe manifestation is secondary amyloidosis. A 44-year-old male presented with nephrotic syndrome. Kidney biopsy was conclusive for secondary amyloidosis. The patient and his children had a history of recurrent febrile periods since infancy. All subjects were positive for a heterozygous variant of the TNFRSF1A gene, confirming TRAPS diagnosis. The patient progressed to end-stage renal failure and developed recurrent pericarditis episodes. He was started on anakinra while on hemodialysis with marked reduction of his serum amyloid A protein (SAA) levels. Meanwhile he received a cadaveric renal transplant and maintains anakinra treatment. Despite renal failure being the most feared complication of AA amyloidosis caused by TRAPS, little data is available about safety of anti-IL-1 treatment in patients with severe kidney failure. The authors report this case of a patient on dialysis treated with anakinra in which no complications were registered. Though amyloidosis is established, the authors believe containing its progression and reducing inflammatory activity can improve patient prognosis and reduce recurrence of amyloidosis in kidney transplant, as has been demonstrated in transplanted patients due to familial Mediterranean fever amyloidosis.
Consistent Condom Use and Associated Factors among HIV-Positive Clients on Antiretroviral Therapy in North West Ethiopian Health Center, 2016 GC
Authors: Ali Mohammed Seid , Tesfaye Tegegne Eleni , Kassa Tesemma Mekibib , Tesfaye Tegegne Kaleab
Published: March 2019

Background. The burden of Human Immune Deficiency Virus or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is high in sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia which have over two-thirds of the global HIV burden. Many would argue that consistent condom use is not most effective method for HIV prevention. Condoms offer protection against unwanted pregnancy and some sexually transmitted infections including Human Immune Deficiency Virus, when used correctly and consistently. Inconsistent use of condom by People Living with Human Immune Deficiency Virus or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome on Antiretroviral Therapy will lead to further worsening the Human Immune Deficiency Virus infection epidemic and reinfection with new drug resistant viral strains. Objective. To assess magnitude of consistent condom use and associated factors among HIV-positive clients on Antiretroviral Therapy in North West Ethiopian health center, 2016 GC. Method. An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted, from April 15 to June 10, 2016. A total of 358 patients on ART in Koladiba Health Center had participated in this research. Koladiba Health Center is the first health center in Ethiopia that is found in Debbie district, which is located in north Gondar Zone. Study participants were selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using pretested structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics was computed and binary and multiple logistic regressions were also conducted to examine the effect of selected independent variables on consistent condom use. Result. A total of 358 ART clients participated in the study with response rate of 90%. Among study participants, 138 (38.5%) were in the age category of 35-44 years. About 216 (60.3%) of the participants were female and 325 (90.8%) were Orthodox followers. Consistent condom use was reported by 130 (55.8%) sexually active study subjects. Respondents in rural residence (AOR=0.326, 95% CI: 0.109, 0.973) and sexual partner initiated condom use (AOR=0.031, 95% CI: 0.005, 0.186) were found to be the independent predictors of consistent condom use. Conclusion and Recommendations. Consistent condom utilization among HIV clients on ART was low (55.8%). Place of residence and condom use initiation during sexual contact were significantly associated with consistent condom use. It is better to give more emphasis on health education and counseling service about consistent condom use for PLWHA who are on ART during follow-up especially for those who came from rural areas.
First Description of Macrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Adults with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Italy
Authors: Loconsole Daniela , De Robertis Anna Lisa , Mallamaci Rosanna , Sallustio Anna , Morea Anna , Prato Rosa , Quarto Michele , Martinelli Domenico , Chironna Maria
Published: March 2019

Background. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae strains in a convenience series of 234 adult hospitalised and nonhospitalised subjects with a diagnosis of CAP in January 2013 to April 2015 in South Italy. Methods. Respiratory samples were subjected to real-time PCR. In M. pneumoniae-positive samples, domain V of 23S rRNA was sequenced to detect resistance-conferring point mutations. P1 major adhesion protein typing and multiple loci variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) were also performed. Results. Of the 234 samples, 15 (6.4%) were positive for M. pneumoniae. Three of these had a macrolide-resistant genotype: two and one had A2063G and A2064G mutations, respectively. Fourteen of the 15 strains were subtyped: half had subtype 1 and half had subtype 2. Eight strains underwent MLVA profiling: one each had the J, A, and Z type. The remainder was unclassifiable. Conclusions. This novel discovery of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae strains in adults with CAP in Italy suggests that there may be increasing circulation of these strains in the population. To facilitate rapid optimization of the antibiotic strategy in Italy, macrolide resistance should be monitored by a surveillance system that is based on molecular methods.
Effectiveness of Platelet-Rich Fibrin as an Adjunctive Material to Bone Graft in Maxillary Sinus Augmentation: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trails
Authors: Liu Ruimin , Yan Mingdong , Chen Sulin , Huang Wenxiu , Wu Dong , Chen Jiang
Published: March 2019

Purpose. To date, it remains unknown whether the addition of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to bone grafts actually improves the effectiveness of maxillary sinus augmentation. This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of PRF in sinus lift.Materials and Methods. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Randomized controlled studies were identified. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tool.Results. Five RCTs were included in our meta-analysis. Clinical, radiographic, and histomorphometric outcomes were considered. No implant failure or graft failure was detected in all included studies within the follow-up period. The percentage of contact length between newly formed bone substitute and bone in the PRF group was lower but lacked statistical significance (3.90%, 95% CI, -2.91% to 10.71%). The percentages of new bone formation (-1.59%, 95% CI, -5.36% to 2.18%) and soft-tissue area (-3.73%, 95% CI, -10.11% to 2.66%) were higher in the PRF group but were not significantly different. The percentage of residual bone graft was not significant in either group (4.57%, 95% CI, 0% to 9.14%).Conclusions. Within the limitations of this review, it was concluded that there were no statistical differences in survival rate, new bone formation, contact between newly formed bone and bone substitute, percentage of residual bone graft (BSV/TV), and soft-tissue area between the non-PRF and PRF groups. Current evidence supporting the necessity of adding PRF to bone graft in sinus augmentation is limited.
Blood Flow Assessment of Arteriovenous Malformations Using Intraoperative Indocyanine Green Videoangiography
Authors: Kato Naoki , Prinz Vincent , Dengler Julius , Vajkoczy Peter
Published: March 2019

Intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) videoangiography is widely used in patients undergoing neurosurgery. FLOW800 is a recently developed analytical tool for ICG videoangiography to assess semi-quantitative flow dynamics; however, its efficacy is unknown. In this study, we evaluated its functionality in the assessment of flow dynamics of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) through ICG videoangiography under clinical settings. ICG videoangiography was performed in the exposed AVM in eight patients undergoing surgery. FLOW800 analysis was applied directly, and gray-scale and color-coded maps of the surgical field were obtained. After surgery, a region of interest was placed on the individual vessels to obtain time-intensity curves. Parameters of flow dynamics, including the maximum intensity, transit time, and cerebral blood flow index, were calculated using the curves. The color-coded maps provided high-resolution images; however, reconstruction of colored images was restricted by the depth, approach angle, and brain swelling. Semi-quantitative parameters were similar among the feeders, niduses, and drainers. However, a higher cerebral blood flow index was observed in the feeders of large AVM (>3 cm) than in those of small AVM (P < 0.05). Similarly, the cerebral blood flow index values were positively correlated with the nidus volume (P < 0.01). FLOW800 enabled visualization of the AVM structure and safer resection, except in case of deep-seated AVM. Moreover, semi-quantitative values in the individual vessels through using ICG intensity diagram showed different patterns according to size of the AVM. ICG videoangiography showed good performance in evaluating flow dynamics of the AVM in patients undergoing surgery.
Epigenetic Influences in the Obesity/Colorectal Cancer Axis: A Novel Theragnostic Avenue
Authors: Ayers Duncan , Boughanem Hatim , Macías-González Manuel
Published: March 2019

The World Health Organization (WHO) considers that obesity has reached proportions of pandemic. Experts also insist on the importance of considering obesity as a chronic disease and one of the main contributors to the worldwide burden of other nontransmissible chronic diseases, which have a great impact on health, lifestyle, and economic cost. One of the most current challenges of biomedical science faces is to understand the origin of the chronic nontransmissible diseases, such as obesity and cancer. There is a large evidence, both in epidemiological studies in humans and in animal models, of the association between obesity and an increased risk of cancer incidence. In the last years, the initial discovery of epigenetic mechanisms represents the most relevant finding to explain how the genome interacts with environmental factors and the ripple effects on disease pathogeneses. Since then, all epigenetic process has been investigated by the scientific communities for nearly two decades to determine which components are involved in this process. DNA/RNA methylation and miRNA are classified as two of the most important representative classes of such epigenetic mechanisms and dysregulated activity of such mechanism can certainly contribute to disease pathogenesis and/or progression especially in tumors. This review article serves to highlight the impact of DNA/RNA methylation and miRNA-based epigenetic mechanism activities in the interplay between obesity and the development and clinical significance of colorectal cancer.
A Line Planning Approach for High‐Speed Rail Networks with Time‐Dependent Demand and Capacity Constraints
Authors: Su Huanyin , Tao Wencong , Hu Xinlei
Published: March 2019

In high‐speed rail networks, trains are operated with high speeds and high frequencies, which can satisfy passenger demand with different expected departure times. Given time‐dependent demand, this paper proposes a line planning approach with capacity constraints for high‐speed rail networks. In this paper, a bilevel optimization model is formulated and the constraints include track section capacity per unit time, train seat capacity, and the gap between the number of starting trains and that of ending trains at a station. In the upper level, the objective is to minimize train operational cost and passenger travel cost, and the decision variables include the line of each train, carriage composition of each train, train stop patterns, train start times, and train arrival and departure times at stops in the line plan. In the lower level, a schedule‐based passenger assignment method, which assigns time‐varying demand on trains with seat capacity constraints by simulating the ticket‐booking process, is used to evaluate the line plan obtained in the upper level. A simulated annealing algorithm is developed to solve the model in which some strategies are designed to search for neighborhood solutions, including reducing train carriages, deleting trains, adding trains, increasing train carriages, and adjusting train start times. Finally, an application to the Chinese high‐speed rail network is presented. The numerical results show that (i) the average time deviations between the expected departure times and the actual boarding times of passengers are within 30 min, (ii) the unserved passengers are less than 200, and (iii) the average load factors of trains are about 70%. Hence, line plan solutions meet time‐dependent demand well and satisfy the capacity constraints for high‐speed rail networks.
System Performance of Cooperative NOMA with Full-Duplex Relay over Nakagami-m Fading Channels
Authors: Nguyen Xuan-Xinh , Do Dinh-Thuan
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we consider a dual-user nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with the help of full-duplex decode-and-forward (DF) relay systems with respect to Nakagami-m fading channel environment. Especially, we derive the analytical expressions to evaluate system performance in terms of outage probability, achievable throughput, and energy efficiency. The main investigation is on considering how the fading parameters and transmitting power at the base station make crucial impacts on system performance in the various scenarios. Finally, simulations are conducted to confirm the validity of the analysis and show the system performance of NOMA under different fading parameters of Nakagami-m fading channels.
Relationship of Natriuretic Peptides with Left Atrial Structure and Function within 1 Month after Electrical Cardioversion in Patients with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Karaliute Rasa , Jureviciute Justina , Jurgaityte Julija , Stanaitiene Giedre , Mizariene Vaida , Kazakevicius Tomas , Urboniene Daiva , Kavoliuniene Ausra
Published: March 2019

Atrial fibrillation (AF) despite the absence of heart failure is related to increased levels of natriuretic peptides (NPs). NPs have not been widely investigated in relation to left atrium (LA) function after sinus rhythm (SR) restoration and duration of AF. The aim of the study was to determine the changes of NPs levels and to define their relation with LA phasic function after electrical cardioversion (ECV).Methods. The study included 48 persistent AF patients with restored SR after ECV. NT-proANP and NT-proBNP were measured for all patients before the ECV. LA phasic function (reservoir,conduit, andpumpphases) was assessed using echocardiographic volumetric analysis within the first 24 hours after ECV. Patients were repeatedly tested after 1 month in case of SR maintenance.Results. After 1 month, SR was maintained in 26 (54%) patients. For those patients, NT-proBNP decreased significantly (p=0.0001), whereas NT-proANP tended to decrease (p=0.13). Following 1 month after SR restoration, LA indexed volume decreased (p=0.0001) and all phases of LA function improved (p=<0.01). Patients with AF duration < 3 months had lower NT-proANP compared to patients with AF duration from 6 to 12 months (p = 0.005). Higher NT-proANP concentration before ECV was associated with lower LAreservoirfunction during the first day after SR restoration (R=-0.456, p=0.005), whereas higher NT-proBNP concentration after 1 month in SR was significantly related to lower LAreservoirfunction (R=-0.429, p=0.047).Conclusions. LA indexed volume, all phases of LA function, and NT-proBNP levels improved significantly following 1 month of SR restoration. Preliminary results suggest that higher baseline NT-proANP levels and higher NT-proBNP for patients with maintained SR for 1 month are related to lower LAreservoirfunction. The longer duration of persistent AF is associated with higher NT-proANP concentration.
Double‐Population Link‐Wise Artificial Compressibility Method for Simulating Two‐Dimensional Magnetoconvection
Authors: Hamdi Mohamed , Elalimi Souheil , Ben Nasrallah Sassi
Published: March 2019

The recently developed Link‐Wise Artificial Compressibility Method (LW‐ACM) with double population is presented, validated, and then applied to magnetoconvective flow. The validation step evolves in two stages. First of all, we used the problem of mixed convection over a vertical duct preceded by a sudden expansion in order to validate the multiple relaxation times (MRT) code. Then, we explore the accuracy and the performance of the LW‐ACM versus the MRT model and the classic Bhatnagar‐Gross‐Krook (BGK) model by using a differentially heated cavity problem for Prandtl number Pr = 0.71. The numerical results for values of Nusselt numbers and process time clearly showed the accuracy and the efficiency of LW‐ACM. The adequate accuracy of the proposed model encouraged us to apply it to a magnetoconvection problem. Dynamic and thermal fields are presented and analyzed at Pr = 0.054 and Rayleigh number Ra = 5 × 104 for Hartmann number Ha up to 60. Results revealed that the effects of magnetic fields on dynamic and thermal fields are important and that the heat transfer in the cavity is a decreasing function of magnetic field strength.
Outcome and Complications of Combined Phacoemulsification and 23-Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy
Authors: Sizmaz Selcuk , Esen Ebru , Isik Puren , Cam Burcu , Demircan Nihal
Published: March 2019

Background. With the advances in surgical tools, simultaneous removal of cataract associated with vitreoretinal disorders is gaining popularity. This combined surgery offers several advantages besides limitations. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome and complications of phacoemulsification combined with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Patients and Methods. In this retrospective review, medical charts of patients undergoing phacovitrectomy for coexisting cataract and various vitreoretinal disorders were analyzed. Patient demographics, retinal diagnosis, visual acuities (VA) in logMAR, intraocular pressure (IOP), intraoperative and postoperative complications were assessed. Clear corneal phacoemulsification and 23-gauge transconjunctival PPV were administered in all cases. Results. Eighty-four eyes of 64 (76.2%) males and 20 (23.8%) females were enrolled. The average age of patients was 59.5 ± 13.8 (18–81). The average period of follow-up was 7.2 ± 7.5 months (1–36). The vitreoretinal diagnoses were as follows: 28 (33.3%) rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 23 (27.4%) vitreous hemorrhage, 12 (14.3%) intraocular foreign body, 12 (14.3%) epiretinal membrane, 4 (4.8%) macular hole, 4 (4.8%) tractional retinal detachment, and 1 (1.2%) vitreomacular traction. The most common intraoperative complications were miosis and rupture of the posterior capsule (92.9% and 8.3%, respectively). In 8 (9.5%) cases, there was fibrin in the anterior chamber. Posterior synechia developed in 7 (8.3%) of cases. No severe increase in intraocular pressure was evident. Conclusion. Phacoemulsification combined with PPV is a safe and efficient way of management in cases where cataract coexists with vitreoretinal pathologies.
Three Rare Structural Anomalies: Right Aberrant Subclavian Artery, Kommerell’s Diverticulum, and Isolated Left Vertebral Artery All Associated with Type B Aortic Dissection
Authors: Elghoneimy Yasser Farag , Nashy Medhat Reda , Mahmoud Ahmed Elsayed , Alruwaili Asayel Ali , Alotaibi Assayl Rabea
Published: March 2019

Introduction and Background. Right aberrant subclavian artery accounts for 0.5-1.8% of the population as the most frequently encountered aortic arch anomaly, while the prevalence of an isolated left vertebral artery ranges from 3 to 8%. Despite the low prevalence and the asymptomatic presentation of these structural anomalies, the development of cardiovascular complications and aneurysmal formation could happen as in Kommerell’s diverticulum in a complicated right aberrant subclavian artery, which can undergo aneurysmal degeneration and dissection. Depending on the severity and the degree of the symptoms, the management of the patient can be determined. Case Presentation. A 51-year-old male hypertensive Pakistani patient was admitted complaining of chest and back pain; a CT of the aorta was done and showed type B aortic dissection associated with a right aberrant subclavian artery with an isolated left vertebral artery. A thoracic endovascular aneurysmal repair was done, and the patient improved afterward. Conclusion. The prevalence of these structural anomalies, the right aberrant subclavian artery, Kommerell’s diverticulum, and isolated left vertebral artery with type B aortic dissection, is uncommon. Therefore, the earlier the diagnosis, the better the treatment. This is the first case report explaining the occurrence of these vascular anomalies together in Saudi Arabia.
Weighted Couple‐Group Consensus Analysis of Heterogeneous Multiagent Systems with Cooperative‐Competitive Interactions and Time Delays
Authors: Pu Xingcheng , Xiong Chaowen , Ji Lianghao , Zhao Longlong
Published: March 2019

In this paper, the weighted couple‐group consensus of continuous‐time heterogeneous multiagent systems with input and communication time delay is investigated. A novel weighted couple‐group consensus protocol based on cooperation and competition interaction is designed, which can relax the in‐degree balance condition. By using graph theory, general Nyquist criterion and Gerschgorin disc theorem, the time delay upper limit that the system may allow is obtained. The conclusions indicate that there is no relationship between weighted couple‐group consensus and communication time delay. When the agents input time delay, the coupling weight between the agents, and the systems control parameters are satisfied, the multiagent system can converge to any given weighted coupling group consistent state. The experimental simulation results verify the correctness of the conclusion.
SMF-GA: Optimized Multitask Allocation Algorithm in Urban Crowdsourced Transportation
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Yu Ruiyun
Published: March 2019

Urban crowdsourced transportation, which can solve traffic problem within city, is a new scenario where citizens share vehicles to take passengers and packages while driving. Differing from the traditional location based crowdsourcing system (e.g., crowdsensing system), the task has to be completed with visiting two different locations (i.e., start and end points), so task allocation algorithms in crowdsensing cannot be leveraged in urban crowdsourced transportation directly. To solve this problem, we first prove that maximizing the crowdsourcing system’s profit (i.e., maximizing the total saved distance) is an NP-hard problem. We propose a heuristic greedy algorithm called Saving Most First (SMF) which is simple and effective in assigning tasks. Then, an optimized SMF based genetic algorithm (SMF-GA) is devised to jump out of the local optimal result. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of SMF and SMF-GA with extensive evaluations, based on a large scale real vehicle traces. The evaluation with large scale real dataset indicates that both SMF and SMF-GA algorithms outperform other benchmark algorithms in terms of saved distance, participant profits, etc.
Application of Improved Particle Swarm Optimization in Vehicle Crashworthiness
Authors: Gao Dawei , Li Xiangyang , Chen Haifeng
Published: March 2019

In the optimization design process, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is limited by its slow convergence, low precision, and tendency to easily fall into the local extremum. These limitations make degradation inevitable in the evolution process and cause failure of finding the global optimum results. In this paper, based on chaos idea, the PSO algorithm is improved by adaptively adjusting parameters r1 and r2. The improved PSO is verified by four standard mathematical test functions. The results prove that the improved algorithm exhibits excellent convergence speed, global search ability, and stability in the optimization process, which jumps out of the local optimum and achieves global optimality due to the randomness, regularity, and ergodicity of chaotic thought. At last, the improved PSO algorithm is applied to vehicle crash research and is used to carry out the multiobjective optimization based on an approximate model. Compared with the results before the improvement, the improved PSO algorithm is remarkable in the collision index, which includes vehicle acceleration, critical position intrusion, and vehicle mass. In summary, the improved PSO algorithm has excellent optimization effects on vehicle collision.
Oral Applications of Cyanoacrylate Adhesives: A Literature Review
Authors: Borie Eduardo , Rosas Eduardo , Kuramochi Gisaku , Etcheberry Sophia , Olate Sergio , Weber Benjamin
Published: March 2019

Cyanoacrylate adhesives have been used in medicine and dentistry with some controversial opinions. The aim of this review was to summarize the relevant literature regarding the use of cyanoacrylate adhesives for oral wounds during dental and surgical procedures, with focus on the applications, indications, advantages, and disadvantages. In conclusion, in vivo and clinical studies have demonstrated in the last few years convincing results regarding the safety, efficacy, ease of application, and feasibility of all types of cyanoacrylate adhesives used in intra- and extraoral procedures.
Dysregulated T Cell Activation and Aberrant Cytokine Expression Profile in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Zhou Haiyan , Li Bojiang , Li Jing , Wu Tongqian , Jin Xiaoqian , Yuan Rui , Shi Ping , Zhou Yan , Li Long , Yu Fang
Published: March 2019

Accumulating evidence indicates a critical role for T cells and relevant cytokines in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the specific contribution of T cells together with the related circulating cytokines in disease pathogenesis and organ involvement is still not clear. In the current study, we investigated relevant molecule expressions and cytokine levels in blood samples from 49 SLE patients and 22 healthy control subjects. The expression of HLA-DR and costimulatory molecules on T cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. Concentrations of serum C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody, total lgG, complement 3, and complement 4 were measured. Serum cytokines and chemokines were measured by a cytometric bead array assay. Elevated frequencies of HLA-DR+ T cells and ICOS+ T cells were observed in SLE patients with positive anti-dsDNA antibodies compared with those in healthy controls (P<0.001). The expression of HLA-DR+ T cells was positively correlated with SLEDAI (r=0.15, P<0.01). Furthermore, levels of serum IL-6, MCP-1, TNFRI, IL-10, IL-12, and CCL20 were higher in SLE patients compared with healthy controls. In addition, patients with hematologic manifestations displayed elevated frequencies of HLA-DR+ T cells and ICOS+ T cells. Patients with renal manifestations had a decreased frequency of TIGIT+ T cells. These results suggested a dysregulated T cell activity and cytokine expression profiles in SLE subjects. We also developed a chemokine and cytokine profiling strategy to predict the activity of SLE, which has clinical implication for better monitoring the flares and remission during the course of SLE and for assessing therapeutic interventions.
Association ofADRB2rs1042713 with Obesity and Obesity-Related Phenotypes and Its Interaction with Dietary Fat in Modulating Glycaemic Indices in Malaysian Adults
Authors: Mitra Soma Roy , Tan Pui Yee , Amini Farahnaz
Published: March 2019

Gene-diet interaction studies have reported that individual variations in phenotypic traits may be due to variations in individual diet. Our study aimed to evaluate (i) the association ofADRB2rs1042713 with obesity and obesity-related metabolic parameters and (ii) the effect of dietary nutrients on these associations in Malaysian adults.ADRB2genotyping, dietary, physical activity, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected from 79 obese and 99 nonobese individuals. Logistic regression revealed no association betweenADRB2rs1042713 and obesity (p=0.725). However, the carriers of G allele (AG + GG genotypes) of rs1042713 were associated with increased odds of insulin resistance, 2.83 (CI = 1.04–7.70, adjustedp=0.042), in the dominant model, even after adjusting for potential confounders. Obese individuals carrying the G allele were associated with higher total cholesterol (p=0.011), LDL cholesterol levels (p=0.008), and total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio (p=0.048), compared to the noncarriers (AA), even after adjusting for potential confounders. Irrespective of obesity, the carriers of GG genotype had significantly lower fasting glucose levels with low saturated fatty acid intake (<7.3% of TE/day) (4.92 ± 0.1 mmol/L vs 5.80 ± 0.3 mmol/L,p=0.011) and high intake of polyunsaturated fatty acid:saturated fatty acid ratio (≥0.8/day) (4.83 ± 0.1 mmol/L vs 5.93 ± 0.4 mmol/L,p=0.006). Moreover, the carriers of GG genotype with high polyunsaturated fatty acid intake (≥6% of TE/day) had significantly lower HOMA-IR (1.5 ± 0.3 vs 3.0 ± 0.7,p=0.026) and fasting insulin levels (6.8 ± 1.6 µU/mL vs 11.4 ± 2.1 µU/mL,p=0.036). These effects were not found in the noncarriers (AA). In conclusion, G allele carriers ofADRB2rs1042713 were associated with increased odds of insulin resistance. Obese individuals carrying G allele were compromised with higher blood lipid levels. Although it is premature to report gene-diet interaction on the regulation of glucose and insulin levels in Malaysians, we suggest that higher quantity of PUFA-rich food sources in regular diet may benefit overweight and obese Malaysian adults metabolically. Large-scale studies are required to replicate and confirm the current findings in the Malaysian population.
Epigenetic Regulation of IL-17-Induced Chemokines in Lung Epithelial Cells
Authors: Luo Jiadi , An Xiaojing , Yao Yong , Erb Carla , Ferguson Annabel , Kolls Jay K. , Fan Songqing , Chen Kong
Published: March 2019

Epithelial cells are known to have barrier functions in multiple organs and regulate innate immune responses. Airway epithelial cells respond to IL-17 by altering their transcriptional profiles and producing antimicrobial proteins and neutrophil chemoattractants. Although IL-17 has been shown to promote inflammation through stabilizing mRNA of CXCR2 ligands, how IL-17 exerts its downstream effects on its target cells through epigenetic mechanisms is largely unknown. Using primary human bronchial epithelial cells and immortalized epithelial cell line from both human and mouse, we demonstrated that IL-17-induced CXCR2 ligand production is dependent on histone acetylation specifically through repressing HDAC5. Furthermore, the chemokine production induced by IL-17 is strictly dependent on the bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) family as BET inhibition abolished the IL-17A-induced proinflammatory chemokine production, indicating a pivotal role of the recognition of acetylated histones. In combination with single-cell RNA-seq analysis, we revealed that the cell lines we employed represent specific lineages and their IL-17 responses were regulated differently by the DNA methylation mechanisms. Taken together, our data strongly support that IL-17 sustains epithelial CXCR2 ligand production through epigenetic regulation and the therapeutic potential of interrupting histone modification as well as the recognition of modified histones could be evaluated in neutrophilic lung diseases.
Search for ExciteduanddQuarks in Dijet Final States at FutureppColliders
Authors: Akay Ahmet Nuri , Günaydin Yusuf Oguzhan , Sahin Mehmet , Sultansoy Saleh
Published: March 2019

Resonant production of exciteduanddquarks at the Future Circular Collider and Super Proton-Proton Collider has been researched. Dominant jet-jet decay mode has been considered. It is shown that FCC and SppC have great potential for discovery of excitedu(d) quark: up to 44.1 (36.3) and 58.4 (47.8) TeV masses, respectively. For degenerate case (Mu⋆=Md⋆), these values are 45.9 and 60.9 TeV, respectively. This discovery will also afford an opportunity to determine the compositeness scale up to multi-PeV level.
Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells with High ROR1 Expression Serve as a New Prophylactic Vaccine for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wu Di , Yu Xiaoyu , Wang Jing , Hui Xu , Zhang Yunxia , Cai Yunlang , Ren Mulan , Guo Mei , Zhao Fengshu , Dou Jun
Published: March 2019

Tumor vaccines offer a number of advantages for cancer treatment. In the study, the vaccination with cancer stem cells (CSCs) with high expression of the type I receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor (ROR1) was evaluated in a murine model for the vaccine’s immunogenicity and protective efficacy against epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). CD117+CD44+ CSCs were isolated from human EOC HO8910 cell line using a magnetic-activated cell sorting system; murine ID8 EOC suspension sphere cells, which are collectively known as cancer stem-like cells, were acquired from serum-free suspension sphere-forming culture. Mice were subcutaneously immunized with the repeat cycles of freezing and thawing whole HO8910 CD117+CD44+ CSCs and ID8 cancer stem-like cells, respectively, followed by a challenge with HO8910 or ID8 cells at one week after final vaccination. The results showed that the CSC vaccination significantly induced immunity against EOC growth and markedly prolonged the survival of EOC-bearing mice in the prophylactic setting compared with non-CSC vaccination. Flow cytometry showed significantly increased immunocyte cytotoxicities and remarkably reduced CSC counts in the CSC-vaccinated mice. Moreover, the protective efficacy against EOC was decreased when the ROR1 expression was downregulated by shRNA in CSC vaccines. The findings from the study suggest that CSC vaccines with high ROR1 expression were highly effective in triggering immunity against EOC in vaccinated mice and may serve as an effective vaccine for EOC immunoprophylaxis.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Patients in a Limited Resource Tertiary Center over an Eight-Year Period
Authors: Choovuthayakorn Janejit , Khunsongkiet Preeyanuch , Patikulsila Direk , Watanachai Nawat , Kunavisarut Paradee , Chaikitmongkol Voraporn , Ittipunkul Nimitr
Published: March 2019

Purpose. To report characteristics and visual results in patients with PDR-associated complications following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in a tertiary center over an eight-year period. Methods. Medical records of diabetic retinopathy patients receiving PPV between January 2007 and December 2014 for PDR-related complications were reviewed. Results. A total of 890 consecutive PDR patients were included in the study. PPVs were performed for tractional retinal detachment (36.6%), persistent vitreous hemorrhage (VH) (35.4%), combined tractional and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (14.5%), and vitreoretinal abnormalities (13.5%), respectively. Preoperative intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVB) within two weeks prior to PPV and 23G vitrectomy systems was found to decrease the risk for intraoperative retinal break development (P=0.045 and P=0.015, respectively). The incidence of early dense postoperative VH decreased significantly with the administration of preoperative or intraoperative IVB at the end of PPV. Postoperative visual results significantly correlated with the initial visual acuity level, intraoperative retinal break development, and retained silicone oil tamponade at the final visit (P<0.001, P=0.040, and P=0.044, respectively). Administration of adjuvant IVB either before or at the end of PPV had no significant association with the final visual outcomes. Conclusions. This study reported an improvement in visual acuity in nearly half of patients receiving PPV for PDR-associated complications in a limited resource center. The incidence of intraoperative retinal break and early postoperative VH decreased significantly with the application of IVB injections. Poor final visual outcomes were related to the lower initial visual acuity levels, intraoperative retinal breaks, and postoperative retained silicone oil.
Formononetin Enhances the Tumoricidal Effect of Everolimus in Breast Cancer MDA-MB-468 Cells by Suppressing the mTOR Pathway
Authors: Zhou Qianmei , Zhang Weihong , Li Tian , Tang Runwei , Li Chaoran , Yuan Shuai , Fan Desheng
Published: March 2019

Background. Formononetin, an active ingredient isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Astragalus membranaceus, has anticancer and chemoresistance-reducing biological activities. We evaluated the efficacy of formononetin in improving the tumoricidal effect of everolimus by suppressing the mTOR pathway in breast cancer cells. Methods. Cell survival was assessed using an MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. Proteins related to the mTOR pathway were detected and assessed using real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Results. The results showed that formononetin enhances the efficacy of everolimus in suppressing breast cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. The combination of formononetin and everolimus resulted in a 2-fold decrease in tumor volume and a 21.6% decrease in cell survival. The apoptosis ratio in cells treated with formononetin and everolimus increased by 27.9%. Formononetin and everolimus also inhibited the expression of p-mTOR and p-P70S6K and increased the expression of PTEN and p-4EBP-1. Notably, formononetin alone inhibited p-Akt expression but not everolimus. Conclusions. Formononetin enhances the tumoricidal effect of everolimus by inhibiting the activity of Akt.
Experimental Study on High‐Pressure Air Blasting Fracture for Coal and Rock Mass
Authors: Gao Jie , Wang Haifeng , Qin Wei , Ma Qi , Yang Guanyu
Published: March 2019

In order to research on the issue of high‐pressure gas blasting fracture deeply, a high‐pressure gas blasting cracking experimental system was established; the effects of gas pressure and gas volume on the morphology of crack growth were studied; the p‐t curve of pressure in the blasting process with time was obtained; and the mechanism of high‐pressure gas blasting cracking was analyzed in this paper. The conclusion has shown that the stage of effect of high‐pressure gas blasting on the test block includes three stages: the gas jet impact stage, the crack initiation and development stage, and the perforation fracture stage. In the design of gas pressure of 5 MPa, the experimental block only produces one longitudinal main crack. As the gas pressure increases to 7.5 MPa and 10 MPa, besides forming one longitudinal main crack, a transverse main crack is formed with further expanded 4–6 secondary cracks. In the same design of gas pressure regardless of volume size, each pressure variation stage has the same length, and the experimental block of the cracking pressure is basically the same. With the higher design pressure, the cracking pressure and the fracture pressure are higher. In the same design of gas pressure, with the larger gas volume, the fracture pressure required for the experimental block is smaller.
KIF23 Promotes Gastric Cancer by Stimulating Cell Proliferation
Authors: Li Xiao-Long , Ji Ya-Ming , Song Rui , Li Xiao-Ning , Guo Lan-Shuan
Published: March 2019

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors with low early diagnosis and high metastasis. Despite progress in treatment, to combat this disease, a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets is needed. KIF23, which belongs to the KIF family, plays a vital role in various cell processes, such as cytoplasm separation and axon elongation. Nowadays, KIF23 has been found to be highly expressed in multiple tumor tissues and cells, suggesting a potential link between KIF23 and tumorigenesis. Herein, we reported that KIF23 expression was correlated with poor prognosis of gastric cancer and found an association between KIF23 and pTNM stage. An in vitro assay proved that the proliferation of gastric cancer cells was significantly inhibited, which is caused by KIF23 depletion. Additionally, knockdown of KIF23 resulted in a marked inhibition of cell proliferation of gastric cancer in mice, with significant downregulation of Ki67 and PCNA expression. In conclusion, these data indicate that KIF23 is a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer treatment.
Gastric Mucormycosis in a Renal Transplant Patient Treated with Isavuconazole Monotherapy
Authors: Gani Imran , Doroodchi Atbin , Falkenstrom Kristina , Berry Holly , Lee Won , Mulloy Laura , Saeed Muhammad , Kapoor Rajan
Published: March 2019

Gastrointestinal mucormycosis is a rare infection in solid organ transplant recipients. Our patient, a 79-year-old male, presented with severe dysphagia and odynophagia about 2 weeks after receiving a renal transplant. An upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy revealed esophagitis and gastric ulceration, the cultures from which grew Rhizopus species. A usual treatment strategy should include Amphotericin B as monotherapy or in combination with Posaconazole or Isavuconazole for such infections. Our patient was treated with Isavuconazole monotherapy, in an effort to minimize renal toxicity from Amphotericin B to the new allograft. Unique to our case was a successful clinical response and resolution of UGI lesions with Isavuconazole monotherapy. Due to the vagueness of presenting symptoms, such infections can be easily missed in an immunocompromised patient which can have tragic outcomes. Prompt diagnosis and modulation of immunosuppression are essential to decrease mortality and morbidity. Isavuconazole is a novel agent and can be used as a monotherapy for such infections, especially in renal transplant recipients.
UM POETA QUE “NÃO SENDO NOSSO, TODAVIA SE TORNOU NOSSO”. ÂNGELO DE LIMA ENTRE SIMBOLISMO E MODERNISMO.
Authors: Ceccucci Piero
Published: March 2019

Na extrema, lapidária, mas fulgurante síntese crítica – engastada no título do presente trabalho – com que Pessoa se exprime, à sua maneira, sobre a poética de Ângelo de Lima, enunciada na revista Sudoeste n°3, é possível encontrar em linhas gerais a trave mestra de um percurso exegético pontual sobre a obra lírica desse poeta desventurado em que a doidice, a loucura, mais que ser uma forma dândi de viver e de se projetar na escrita poética (v. Mário de Sá-Carneiro), foi realmente uma doença física grave, que contudo investiu também o seu trabalho criativo. Neste sentido, com estas páginas críticas, pretende-se aprofundar brevemente o percurso poético do nosso autor, através de uma análise textual detida de seus poemas mais significativos, para evidenciarmos sua importância e recolocarmos o poeta em um lugar não secundário na família modernista de vanguarda portuguesa, encenada na revista Orpheu.
OTEL İŞLETMELERİNDE BİR PAZARLAMA ARACI OLARAK SOSYAL MEDYA KULLANIMININ BELİRLENMESİNE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: YILMAZ Özer
Published: March 2019

Turizm sektöründe tüketicilerin
sosyal medya kullanımına ilişkin alanyazında çok sayıda çalışma bulunmasına
karşın, otel işletmelerinin sosyal medya kullanımlarına ilişkin çalışma
sayısının sınırlı olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Balıkesir ilinin
en büyük üç ilçesinde faaliyet gösteren şehir otellerinin sosyal medya
kullanımlarını ve farkındalıklarının tespit edilmesidir. Çalışma kapsamında
içerik analizi ve görüşme tekniği bir arada kullanılmıştır. İçerik analizinde üç
ilçede faaliyet gösteren 16 otelin web sayfaları ile sosyal medya hesapları incelenmiş;
yedi otel yöneticisi ile yapılan görüşmeler de otellerin sosyal medya mecralarını
kullanım amaçları ve stratejilerine ilişkin bulgular elde edilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda otellerin en aktif kullandıkları
sosyal medya mecrasının Facebook olduğu, Twitter’ın ise tesislerin pazarlama
faaliyetlerinde tercih edilmediği tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma ile ayrıca
tesislerin sosyal medya mecralarının rekabetçi üstünlük taşıma noktasında
öneminin farkında olduğu ancak bu mecraları etkin bir şekilde kullanma
noktasında eksiklerinin olduğu yönünde önemli bulgulara ulaşılmıştır.
Per una metodologia del protogiallo italiano: Problemi e proposte
Authors: Facchi Francesca
Published: March 2019

In the first systematic study about the Italian detective novel (1979), Loris Rambelli dates the beginnings of the genre to 1929, the publication year of the first of publisher Mondadori's ‘Yellow Books’ (Libri Gialli), the series of yellow-covered books which made the ‘giallo’ synonymous with a crime novel. Nonetheless, texts dealing with mysteries, criminals, police, trials and detection enthralled Italian readers from the 1850s on, complying with the modern dynamics of mass phenomena, contributing to the modern conception of the genre, and playing a crucial role in the culture and society of a recently unified Italy. Not conforming to a recognizable genre-structure, the pre-1929 period has been defined the “prehistory of Italian crime fiction” or protogiallo and has become a topic of academic interest only in recent years. The newness of the scholarship explains the methodological difficulties researchers have to face, such as the classification problem – it is very complex to establish common critical criteria for analyzing diverse materials such as feuilletons, novels, short stories and famous trials journals – and the objective delay in the development of the genre in Italy, especially compared to the British, American and French cases. Building on the recent line of investigation, this paper examines such critical issues in order to identify a methodological approach and a theoretical framework useful to study the prehistory of Italian crime fiction.