bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the driving principle and guiding strategy of the public’s collaborative supervision of the sharing economy in my country
Authors: Su Jing
Published: December 2022

As an emerging business model and economic form, the sharing economy is a new trend to promote global economic growth in the future. Public participation is the basic condition for the prosperity and development of the sharing economy and is the basic requirement for the realisation of collaborative governance. Encouraging the public to actively participate in the collaborative supervision of my country’s sharing economy has become an inevitable requirement to improve governance efficiency and create a social governance pattern of co-construction, co-governance and sharing. First of all, this paper refers to the rapid development of my country’s sharing economy in recent years, which has also brought many negative problems. Secondly, this paper establishes a game model of sharing economy-related enterprises, regional governments and the public to drive the public’s shared economy in my country, which forms the driving principle and guiding strategy of collaborative supervision. Through research, it is concluded that the size of the initial probability is proportional to the convergence speed of the game subject’s selection strategy; different game subjects have different sensitivities to parameter changes, and the public is more sensitive to the cost and punishment of participating in innovation involving different game subjects The strategy choices between them are mutually reinforcing, and the evolutionary stable strategy is ‘active participation, supervision, active participation. Finally, the simulation experiments are used to verify the results of the tripartite game model constructed in this paper.
Solution to algebraic equations of degree 4 and the fundamental theorem of algebra by Carl Friedrich Gauss
Authors: Südland Norbert , Volkmann Jörg , Kumar Dinesh
Published: December 2022

Since Geronimo Cardano, algebraic equations of degree 4 have been solved analytically. Frequently, the solution algorithm is given in its entirety. We discovered two algorithms that lead to the same resolvente, each with two solutions; therefore, six formal solutions appear to solve an algebraic equation of degree four. Given that a square was utilized to derive the solution in both instances, it is critical to verify each solution. This check reveals that the four Cardanic solutions are the only four solutions to an algebraic equation of degree four. This demonstrates that Carl Friedrich Gauss’ (1799) fundamental theorem of algebra is not simple, despite the fact that it is a fundamental theorem. This seems to be a novel insight.
On a certain characterisation of the semigroup of positive natural numbers with multiplication
Authors: Tutaj Edward
Published: December 2022

In this paper we continue our investigation concerning the concept of a liken. This notion has been defined as a sequence of non-negative real numbers, tending to infinity and closed with respect to addition in ℝ. The most important examples of likens are clearly the set of natural numbers ℕ with addition and the set of positive natural numbers ℕ* with multiplication, represented by the sequence

(

ln

(

n
+
1

)

)

n
=
0

∞

\left( {\ln \left( {n + 1} \right)} \right)_{n = 0}^\infty

. The set of all likens can be parameterized by the points of some infinite dimensional, complete metric space. In this space of likens we consider elements up to isomorphism and define properties of likens as such that are isomorphism invariant. The main result of this paper is a theorem characterizing the liken ℕ* of natural numbers with multiplication in the space of all likens.
A Review of Land Cover Information using H/A/Α Polarimetric Decomposition of Dual Pol Sar Data
Authors: Sinha Suman
Published: December 2022

Information related to land use and land cover is an inevitable prerequisite for formulating any decision making for land information system. The easiest and most effective way to gather such information is via using Earth observation satellites supported by ground data. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), due to its additional unique intrinsic characteristics is favoured over the optical systems for procuring land information. An innovative and effective technique for land feature detection is the use of polarimetric capabilities of SAR. Generally applicable for quad polarized data, this study investigates the polarimetric capabilities of a dual polarized data obtained from ALOS PALSAR, which is not a general notion. The approach applied in the study shows accurate results for detection of land features using polarimetric decomposition of dual polarized ALOS PALSAR data over an area of Munger in the state of Bihar, India. Twelve distinct land cover features are identified in the study area using this approach. The polarimetric products are also investigated for deriving the biomass information for the vegetation cover in the study area. The relation between in-situ biomass generated from floral species-specific volumetric equations and SAR polarimetric products showed a moderate correlation of 0.56 with RMSE=29.13 t/ha and data agreement of 0.62 based on exponential regression model for predicting biomass. The decomposition parameters revealed more evidences for forest structure and feature identification rather than biomass information. The method adopted in the study can be well utilized for land resource information and mapping; hence, natural and man-made resource monitoring and management.
Protecting the Country and Preventing Calamities: The Pure Land Practice of Hwadzan Pure Land Society in the Physical and Virtual Realm
Authors: Kukowka Stefan
Published: December 2022

This case study explores the influence of a global health crisis on contemporary Taiwanese Buddhism. As prevention and control measures of COVID-19 enforced by the Taiwanese government constitute challenges and opportunities for religious actors and practice, the article examines how Hwadzan Pure Land Society (Huazang jing zōng xuehui 華藏淨宗學會) has responded to the pandemic by skilfully utilising digital technology to relocate “communal cultivation” (gongxiū 共 修) and rituals from the physical into the virtual realm. Compared to on-site participation in ritual, live streaming enables the practitioner to tune in simultaneously from every part of the world and even after the event has concluded since all videos are uploaded to YouTube. Whereas on-site participants recite and chant sūtras, bow and prostrate in front of Buddha statues, and make offerings, thus being temporally, spatially, and bodily integrated into each part of a ritual, off-site participants are detached from it in all three aspects. The communal practice viewed on the screen essentially becomes an individual practice in a secular environment far away from the sacralised space and time during the ritual. It is therefore the aim of the article to examine how religious practice and rituals in on-site and off-site settings differ in terms of religious experience.
Technologies of Power and BruHealth Biopolitics amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Hoon Chang-Yau , Jammes Jérémy
Published: December 2022

The pandemic has been a turning point in the technologies of power deployed by the state to contain and address the COVID-19 crisis. Whereas planning and discussions on the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in the Sultanate of Brunei Darussalam had been ongoing for several years, the pandemic became an unexpected catalyst for the realisation of these digitalisation plans with the launching of a onestop mobile application called BruHealth. This article sheds light on public responses to the COVID- 19 crisis, including the state’s approach in containing the virus and a critical examination on the use of the BruHealth. Upon identifying general patterns and discourses from the data collected intermittently in the period between 2019 and 2022, the article aims to be a contribution to the epistemological debates on the place of technologies in “biopolitics” on the digitalisation of personal experiences and on self-reflexivity in the fieldwork process of collecting and analysing data during the COVID-19 crisis.
Ellos trajeron el comercio: los inmigrantes sirio-libaneses, japoneses y chinos en el municipio de Cárdenas, San Luis Potosí, México
Authors: Moctezuma Balderas Andrea Cristina
Published: December 2022

En el presente artículo, se aborda el fenómeno de la migración convergente (Green, 2002) de las comunidades sirio-libanesa, japonesa y china en México, específicamente en el municipio de Cárdenas, un pequeño poblado de origen ferrocarrilero situado en la zona media del estado de San Luis Potosí. A su vez, se analiza Cárdenas como una zona de contacto, debido las relación local-global que tuvo dicha comunidad con otros países a partir de la llegada de extranjeros en el año de 1920, quienes trajeron consigo prácticas culturales y económicas que fueron bien recibidas por los locatarios. El método de la investigación corresponde a un quehacer histórico y antropológico, por medio del cual, consultaron diversas fuentes históricas, y se realizó investigación etnográfica con los descendientes de los inmigrantes que aún residen en el municipio.
Molecular Approaches for the Detection of DNA Methylation
Authors: Othman Smail Harem , Asaad Mohamad Dlnya
Published: December 2022

The main goals of this review were to understand the main molecular approaches for the detection of different types of epigenetics modification such as chromatin modifications and DNA methylation .this review provide information about the most sensitive and reliable methods for the defection of epigenetics .generally there are two approaches for detection chromatin remodeling and five approaches for DNA methylation detection widely uses   .the most of the useful techniques for chromatin remodeling was chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Formaldehyde is used in this process to in vivo cross-link proteins to DNA, followed by chromatin extraction from cross-linked cells and tissues. Bisulfite conversion DNA methylation and Bisulfite sequencing methylation is used for DNA methylation. The bisulfite conversion mechanism is a key step in the identification and recognition of DNA methylation; the principles of bisulfite conversion rely on the presence or absence of unique cytosine methyl groups at the carbon-5 site. After treatment with sodium bisulfite, unmethylated cytosine residues are converted to uracil, while 5-methylcytosine (5mC) remains unchanged due to the block reaction of the methyl groups. However, the design of primers for converted and non-converted cytosine is necessary to avoid any errors.
Long-term alterations on the physical development of pre- and neonatally undernourished Wistar rats: a functional correlation
Authors: Ortiz-Valladares Minerva , Salcedo Claudia A , Regalado Ortega Mirelta , Torrero Solorio Carmen , Salas Alvarado Manuel
Published: December 2022

La restricción temprana de alimento en la rata interfiere en el largo plazo con el desarrollo físico y la función cerebral, aunque los parámetros del sistema esquelético asociados a la desnutrición pre y neonatal han sido poco estudiados. Se Compararon los efectos de la desnutrición gestacional y por la ligadura materna (UL), con los de la desnutrición en una incubadora (UI) asociada a privación sensorial en el desarrollo físico de ratas Wistar hembras y machos F1 y machos adultos F1. Las madres UL F0 recibieron restricción calórica prenatal de alimento. En la lactancia, una de un par de madres se ligó de sus conductos galactóforos intercambiándose entre las camadas (12 h) con otra sin ligadura. Los sujetos con UI permanecieron en una incubadora durante 12 h. Entre los días postnatales (PDs) 5-90 se midieron los ejes longitud del cráneo, bitemporal, naso-cóccix, cola, tarso-metatarso y longitud de falanges, peso corporal, tamaño corporal medio y apertura palpebral. Los sujetos UL y UI mostraron déficits esqueléticos significativos después de una dieta normocalórica desde el PD 25 hasta el 90 vs. sus controles. Además, mostraron pesos corporales significativamente bajos tanto en los sujetos UL hembras o machos, como en los sujetos con UI al compararse ambos grupos. El índice de masa corporal (BMI) en el día PD 90 en hembras con UI mostró un porcentaje mayor vs. sus controles. Se sugiere que la desnutrición perinatal alteró el desarrollo físico de los sujetos F1, afectando su actividad sensoriomotora y las respuestas adaptativas sociales tardías.
Aplicaciones terapéuticas para la lesión de médula espinal
Authors: Pérez Estudillo César Antonio , Sánchez Alonso Daniel , López Meraz María Leonor , Morgado Valle Consuelo , Beltran Parrazal Luis , Coria Avila Genaro Alfonso , Hernández Aguilar María Elena , Manzo Denes Jorge
Published: December 2022

En el Sistema Nervioso Central, los mecanismos celulares de auto-protección y regeneración se alteran después de algún tipo de lesión. La lesión completa o incluso parcial de la médula espinal produce un daño neural permanente y, como consecuencia, existe una nula auto-recuperación. La recuperación debida al uso de terapias es muy limitada, porque dichas terapias no son eficaces para la protección y regeneración neuronal. En la búsqueda de una recuperación total del sujeto parapléjico o cuadripléjico, se han desarrollado investigaciones a nivel básico y algunas han sido llevadas a la clínica. Gracias a esas investigaciones se han descubierto los mecanismos responsables de la falta de regeneración espinal y se han diseñado estrategias terapéuticas que proponen limitar la barrera conocida como cicatriz glial del tejido espinal dañado. Dichas estrategias incluyen trasplantes de astrocitos inmaduros, fragmentos de tejido neural embrionario, células madre, entre otros, para aumentar la regeneración neuronal contra el ambiente inhibitorio, y para reemplazar el tejido neuronal dañado. Por otro lado, la fisioterapia juega un papel vital en la rehabilitación de sujetos con lesión espinal. Sin embargo, en distintos modelos animales este tipo de estudios ha sido poco exitoso, y los resultados son todavía polémicos para su aplicación en humanos. Actualmente, los tratamientos farmacológicos en pacientes con lesión espinal son caros. Este artículo de revisión propone que la electro-acupuntura y la fitoterapia podrían funcionar como nuevas estrategias de reparación espinal. Además, con este tipo de tratamiento, la rehabilitación de sujetos con lesión de médula espinal sería menos costosa.
Neuropsychological screening for schizophrenia: A brief tool to assess subtypes of schizophrenia
Authors: Uribe Ezequiel , Torres María
Published: December 2022

La esquizofrenia genera un deficit neuropsicologico relacionado con funciones frontales, pero en la actualidad no existen baterías capaces de discriminar los diferentes patrones de afectación neuropsicologica. Debido a esto, desarrollamos una batería neuropsicologica que involucra las afectaciones cognitivas más comunes en cada subtipo clínico de la esquizofrenia. Para su validación, se determinó la consistencia interna de la batería mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Los resultados de la batería fueron correlacionados con la MCCB (MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery) y BACS (Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia). La habilidad de la batería para discriminar entre controles y pacientes con esquizofrenia fue determinada mediante la curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic). La consistencia interna fue de 0,868 y la mayoría de los test de la batería correlacionan significativamente entre ellos. Nuestra batería no tuvo correlaciones con MCCB (p:0,937) y BACS (p:0,496). La curva ROC generó un punto de corte entre controls y esquizofrénicos de 17 puntos, con una sensibilidad de 96,6% y especificidad de 95,0%. El área bajo la curva ROC fue 0,990 (CI: 95%; 0,490; p < 0.0001). Además, nuestra batería puso en evidencia propiedades de agrupación para cada subtipo clínico de la esquizofrenia. En conclusión, nuestra batería es capaz de identificar diferentes patrones de afectación neuropsicológica en todos los subtipos clínicos de la enfermedad.
Preferensi Petani dan Konsumen terhadap Gabah, Beras dan Nasi dari 10 Varietas Unggul Baru di Kabupaten Serang Provinsi Banten
Authors: Kurniawati Sri , Susanti Eka Yuli , Noviastuti Nindia , Giamerti Yuti , Yursak Zuraida , Susilawati Pepi Nur
Published: December 2022

Preference information on New Superior Varieties (NSV) characteristics such as grain, rice and rice is needed for NSV development in an area. The purpose of this study was to determine the preferences of farmers and consumers towards grain, rice and rice from 10 NSV in Serang Regency, Banten Province. The varieties tested were Inpari 32, Inpari 42, Inpari 43, Inpari 45, Inpago 8, Inpari IR Nutri Zinc, Mantap, Padjajaran, Siliwangi and Tarabas. The method of data collection was carried out using a questionnaire to 36 respondents who were selected intentionally (purposive sampling). The questionnaire was made with an ordinal scale, respondents chose the answers strongly dislike, dislike, somewhat like, like and really like the characteristics of grain, rice and cooked rice. Furthermore, the data is processed and analyzed by Friedman Test. The results showed that there were 4 most preferred varieties based on the characteristics of grain, rice and cooked rice, namely Inpari 45, Tarabas, Inpari 32 and Mantap. The results of this study are expected to be used as a basis for selecting varieties for seed development in Serang Regency, Banten.
APLIKASI PUPUK KALIUM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN CABAI MERAH BESAR (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Sari Geby Laguma Muliskah , Pertami Rindha Rentina Darah , Eliyatiningsih Eliyatiningsih
Published: December 2022

Production of large red chilies for the last five years has decreased and increased based on data from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Jember Regency (2020). The lack of stability in the production of large red chilies is caused by many factors including, harvested area, flower loss, pest attacks and land conditions. From these various factors, flower loss is one of the factors that greatly affects the production of large red chili plants, resulting in low quality and quality of large red chilies. One of the efforts to deal with the loss of flowers and large red chilies is to use potassium fertilizer. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of potassium fertilizer on the growth and production of large red chili (Capsicum annuum L.). This research was carried out from August to November 2021 at the Jember State Polytechnic land. The results of the application of 6 grams of potassium fertilizer per plant in the cultivation of large red chilies had a very significant effect on the parameters of the number of flowers that became fruit and had a significant effect on the parameters of plant height from 1 to 5 WAP, number of fruits per sample, fruit weight per sample, number of damaged fruit, and damaged fruit weight. Meanwhile, for plant height parameters from 6 to 9 WAP, flower appearance, fruit length, and fruit diameter were not significantly different. Based on the results of the analysis of farming on large red chili cultivation with potassium fertilizer treatment, it was declared feasible to cultivate because the R/C Ratio value > 1.
Perbanyakan Vanili (Vanilla Planifolia Andrews.) Dengan Penambahan Kinetin Melalui Teknik Kultur Jaringan Efek
Authors: Sarita Rahma , Erawati Dyah Nuning , Taufika Ramadhan , Triwidiarto Cherry , Cahyaningrum Descha Giatri
Published: December 2022

The development of vanilla seeds through tissue culture techniques with the addition of growth regulator kinetin aims to increase the success of shoot formation and growth of vanilla explants. The research was carried out from February to June 2021 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory Politeknik Negeri Jember. The research method used a single factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments which were repeated 5 times. The treatment was the addition of kinetin to Murashige-Skoog (MS) media with a concentration of 0, 1, 2, 3 mg/L. Data analysis used analysis of variance followed by a 5% or 1% BNT test. The results of the analysis showed that the addition of kinetin affected the initial germination time of vanilla explants with the fastest time being 13-17 days after inoculation at a kinetin concentration of 1-3 mg/L. The kinetin concentration of 3 mg/L also affected the wet weight of vanilla explants aged 8 weeks after inoculation with the highest average of 2.62 grams per explant. However, the addition of kinetin did not affect root length, root number and shoot length until the vanilla explants were 8 weeks old after inoculation. .
Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Tani Cabai Besar Pada Masa Off Season (Studi Kasus Kelompok Tani Satriya Desa Srambah Kecamatan Proppo Kabupaten Pamekasan)
Authors: Zahroh Fatimatus
Published: December 2022

Chili pepper is a type of horticulture that has great demand by consumers, this causes the interest of farmers to cultivate chili peppers increase. This condition is evidenced by the existence of farmers who cultivate chili pepper during the off season, namely during the rainy season. The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) the cost, revenue and income of chili pepper farming per 0,1 hectare per planting season in the Satriya Farmer Group, Srambah Village, Proppo District, Pamekasan Regency; (2) The feasibility of  chili pepper farming per 0,1 hectare per planting season in the Satriya Farmer Group, Srambah Village, Proppo District, Pamekasan Regency. This research method used the census method of members of the Satriya Farmer Group who cultivate during the off season by using farming analysis techniques. The results showed that: (1) The cost of farming chili pepper in the Satriya Farmer Group, Srambah Village, Proppo District, Pamekasan Regency is Rp. 10,260,664 per 0,1 hectare per planting season. The revenue Rp. 31,426,000 per 0,1 hectare. The income of chili pepper farming in the Satriya Farmer Group, Srambah Village, Proppo District, Pamekasan Regency is Rp. 21,165,336 per 0,1 hectare (2) The R/C of chili pepper farming in the Satriya Farmer Group, Srambah Village, Proppo District, Pamekasan Regency 3.06 means that chili pepper farming in the off season is feasible to cultivate, while the R/C of chili pepper farming in dry season by 1.16. Based on the R/C value, it can be seen that chili pepper farming in the rainy season (off season) is more profitable than farming in the dry season.
Tombstone of the Beginning of the XX Century from the Territory of the Modern Cemetery
Authors: Zagvazdina Yana Gennad'evna , Zagvazdin Evgeniy Petrovich
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the study of a tombstone from the territory of the Sumkinsky cemetery located near Tobolsk. The extraordinary nature of the find is due to the fact that the tombstone of the beginning of the XX century was accidentally discovered in a later rural cemetery founded in the middle of the XX century, that is, fragments of the monument were brought there specifically. This is also indicated by the unsystematic nature of the location – its parts lay scattered, on the path between the rows of later burials, piled against a metal fence. The tombstone was a three-part stone obelisk, of which the base and the middle part remained. The biographical inscription of the monument was badly damaged. In the process of studying the destroyed text of the epitaph with the involvement of a number of sources, it was found out that the burial belonged to the son of the priest Fyodor Filippovich Afanasyev – Simeon, who died at a young age and was buried in the village of Shishkinsky. More biographical information was found out about his father, who was born in the Voronezh province and graduated from the Theological Men's College. He served as a psalmist in Tobolsk, and then was promoted to deacon. His son was born there. F.F. Afanasyev later became a priest and served in the village of Shishkinsky, Tobolsk district, and then in the village of Ust-Ishim, Tarsky district.
The Image Function of a Sports Event on the Example of the Opening of the 2022 Olympic Games in Beijing
Authors: Hu Ruiqi
Published: December 2022

The article examines the opening ceremony of the Winter Olympic Games as a media event and analyzes its important role in strengthening national identity and shaping the national image of China in the new era. The subject of the study is the influence of the 2022 Olympics in the formation of the internal image of the People's Republic of China, the object of the study is the coverage of the Chinese media on the 2022 Olympics. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the analysis of the frequency of the vocabulary of Chinese media coverage of this event, and at the same time, the updates and promotion of the image of the People's Republic of China in the Chinese media in coverage of the 2022 Olympics were analyzed.    The study used methods of content analysis of publications in the media and methods of comparison, generalization and statistical analysis of the collected data. The frequency of keywords in the texts of publications was also analyzed to determine the direction of the agenda of the Chinese media when covering the 2022 Olympics. According to the analysis, we found that as part of the coverage of the Olympics, the Chinese media paid the greatest attention to the meeting of the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games, which was aimed at transforming and updating the image of China in a new era.The author concludes that at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games in 2022, China clearly showed elements of the national image, culture, endowed the image of China with a new meaning. Using laconic symbols and details with special moments to represent modern China, the organizers of the event were able to convey to the community the concept and culture of the People's Republic of China in a new era and allowed to more accurately capture the national image.And this solemn event introduced the image of China into the consciousness of its people as a responsible and unified world power, as a country advocating the aesthetics of minimalism, possessing advanced technologies. Thus, the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games has successfully fulfilled the function of promoting the national image within China.
«El espíritu de asociación católica lo está invadiendo todo»
Authors: Maldonado Araya Matías
Published: December 2022

El catolicismo estadounidense fue un ejemplo para la Iglesia Católica en las repúblicas latinoamericanas durante el proceso de expansión y romanización que experimentó en la segunda mitad del siglo xix. Sin embargo, hasta la fecha se han realizado escasas investigaciones que indaguen de manera específica en esta relación de admiración. Este estudio analiza las impresiones obtenidas por el presbítero chileno Joaquín Larraín Gandarillas durante su estadía en Estados Unidos, entre septiembre de 1851 y junio de 1852. El artículo está basado principalmente en la correspondencia inédita de Larraín con el arzobispo de Santiago, Rafael Valdivieso y con el futuro obispo de Concepción, Hipólito Salas, disponibles en el Fondo de Gobierno del Archivo del Arzobispado de Santiago. Se argumenta que, en la perspectiva de Larraín, el rasgo más atractivo del catolicismo estadounidense eran sus asociaciones, las cuales, una vez transplantadas en Chile, podían actuar como barrera para detener la expansión de las ideas revolucionarias que en 1851 provocaron la más grave crisis política desde la Independencia.
«Curiales» y «cismáticos»
Authors: Iberico Ruiz Rolando
Published: December 2022

El estudio analiza la controversia eclesiológica entre sectores católicos ultramontanos y liberales-galicanos en torno a la noción teológico-canónica de la Iglesia y el papado a mitad del siglo XIX en el Perú. Esta pugna ideológica sucedió en el marco político abierto en 1855, al final de la revolución liberal y 1857. La situación política permitió a los ultramontanos exponer abiertamente sus ideas a favor de la romanización institucional y teológica de la Iglesia. Estos encontraron resistencia en el sector católico de liberales-galicanos, en cuyas ideas confluían teorías políticas liberales y galicanas. El debate se dio en el marco global de cambios al interior del catolicismo que propugnaba una renovada autoridad jurídica y doctrinal del papado. Esta romanización teológica fue central para la imposición de los ultramontanos que eran los voceros del giro teológico dirigido desde Roma. El artículo analiza las posturas político-teológicas en torno a la Iglesia y al papado, los dos principales temas del debate eclesiológico, y los enmarca en los cambios decimonónicos liderados por Roma, que concluyeron con el afianzamiento del ultramontanismo y el giro romanizador en el Perú.
La reorganización y renovación de la Provincia Franciscana de la Santísima Trinidad de Chile (1872-1935)
Authors: Alvarado Sánchez Nelson Manuel
Published: December 2022

La Provincia Franciscana de la Santísima Trinidad, institución cercana a los 450 años de presencia en Chile, inició un proceso de reforma en 1872 que le permitió consolidar su institucionalidad, formación y proyecto pastoral para confrontar las hostilidades sociopolíticas y los desafíos de las décadas siguientes. En este artículo se pretende comprobar cómo las intervenciones pontificias, de la curia general de la Orden de los Hermanos Menores y la cercanía con las opciones de los católicos sociales chilenos permitieron la reforma, renovación y adecuación de la Provincia, la cual habilitó a sus religiosos para disputar la opinión pública a liberales y socialistas; el espacio pastoral al interior de la Iglesia, renovando sus asociaciones laicales y opciones evangelizadoras; y el espacio social, estableciendo obras sociales a favor del mundo obrero. Para ello, se realizó una investigación en el archivo de la Provincia, el material se organizó buscando la reorganización institucional y la renovación pastoral, el cual fue confrontado con estudios historiográficos sobre la época. Dando cuenta de un proceso multidireccional, que miró al extranjero, a la acción social de los laicos y a la propia iniciativa, reflexión e inquietudes de los miembros de la Provincia.
Optimizing Human Resources Management For Higher Education in the Era of Implementing an Independent Curriculum in Indonesia
Authors: Jenita Jenita , Ratna Nurdiana  , I Made Gede Ariestova Kurniawan  , Darnilawati  , Diana Triwardhani
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to analze how Suska Riau state Islamic university optimizes managing its college human resources in implementing the independent curriculum. Many studies have been carried out in developing higher education human resources, but they are related to something other than the independent curriculum. We obtained meaningful input and extracted information from several related literatures through semi-structured interviews with teaching staff and university leaders. As for the process, other than interviews, we obtained data through an electronic search on several scientific publications discussing higher education human resources issues. After processing the data and discussing it, we can conclude that the efforts of Islamic state universities have taken several strategies to optimize their HR management; among others, they are taking digitalization and automation systems as well as developing learning all these things in order to make their campuses leading in the area. Thus, this finding will become a reference for adding different study areas.
Keywords: Human Resource Management, Optimizing Human Resources, Curriculum Indonesia
Determination of the Frequency of Various Anatomical Forms of the Hard Palate for Complete Denture Fabrication
Authors:   Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore., Waqas Muhammad , Yazdanie Nazia , Dad Khuda-e , Aslam Hina , Bashir Ayesha , Rehman Mohid
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of patients with various anatomical forms of the hard palate for complete denture fabrication and to compare the mean distortion in heat cure denture base polymer in millimetres in different hard palate forms. METHODOLOGY: Informed consent was taken from total of seventy six patients and divided into low and medium hard palate forms. Dental casts were prepared from alginate impression and poured in type III stone and reference point R was marked on the deepest part of the posterior palatal seal area at the junction of hard and soft palate on each cast. After curing, the cast along with the cured denture base was retrieved from the flask. After 48h of curing cycle the distortion was measured in millimetres from R to R' via traveling microscope. RESULTS: Among seventy six participants the frequency of low palate forms was 45 (59.2%) and medium palate forms was 31 (40.8%). For each sample three readings were taken R1, R2 and R3. The mean distortion measured in low hard palate form was 0.52mm with a standard deviation of 0.18, the mean distortion measured in medium hard palate form was 0.76mm with a standard deviation of 0.27, which were clinically significant with a p-value of 0.0001. CONCLUSION: The hard palate forms has direct influence on retention of maxillary complete denture in posterior palatal area. KEY WORDS: Heat Cure denture base, distortion in hard palate forms, dimensional changes in heat cure, hard palate anatomy and denture bases
Influence of Education, Demographic Variables and Duration of Denture Use on Patients’ Satisfaction with Complete Dentures
Authors:   de’Montmorency College of  Dentistry/ Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore., Jabeen Mahvish
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine the influence of education, demographic variables and duration of denture use on satisfaction level among complete denture wearer. METHODOLOGY: A sample of 230 patients, fulfilling the inclusion criteria, were participated in this study. The level of education, demographic details, duration of denture use and patients' satisfaction with complete denture therapy in term of comfort, esthetics, phonetics, chewing, retention and ease of cleaning were recorded by using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed by Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0. Post-stratification Chi-square test was applied by taking p-value <0.05 as significant. RESULTS: The mean age of the respondents was 60.37±9.055 years, 165(71.74%) were females. Out of 230 respondents, literacy level of 78(33.91%) was matric & above. The average duration of use of denture was 7.09+3.295 months. On the basis of overall satisfaction scores 151(65.5%) patients were satisfied with the denture. There was statistically significant difference in age and patients' satisfaction level with dentures (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that approximately 65% of the patients are satisfied with complete denture therapy. The demographic variables (except age) and duration of use of denture have no influence on patients' satisfaction level with dentures. KEYWORDS: Edentulism, Complete Denture, Satisfaction
Factors Affecting Awareness of Infection Control Measures among Dental Practitioners of Karachi
Authors:   Fauji Foundation Hospital, Karachi, Aijaz Aishah , Shigri Asghar Ali , Asim Saima , Hassan Muhammad , Hyder Naqvi Syed Muhammad Zulfiqar , Naz Shikoh ,   Baqai Dental College, Karachi.,   Hamdard University Dental Hospital, Karach
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVES: To determine the factors affecting awareness of infection control measures among dental practitioners working in universities and teaching hospitals of Karachi. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to January 2018 among 190 conveniently sampled practitioners from four dental clinics of tertiary care hospitals of Karachi. The study population consisted of dental practitioners that included graduates and post graduates of either gender with an experience of two years and above while practitioners refusing to give written informed consent were excluded from the study. The questionnaires were distributed and collected on same day by the principal investigator. All the collected data were analyzed on Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20. RESULTS: A majority of dental practitioners (>90%) were aware that contact with blood may transmit pathogenic microorganisms; goal of infection control is to eliminate the transfer of microorganisms; steam autoclave sterilizes by using steam under pressure; disinfection of dental chair, clinic, and dental office; wearing gloves, face masks and having protective eye wear on while checking patients; changing gloves, extraction instrument, saliva ejectors and burs in operative dentistry after checking each patient is necessary for a dental practitioner. Moreover, the awareness scores of dental practitioners were found to be significantly different across categories of experience (p=0.008). CONCLUSION: A majority of dental practitioners was aware about most measures of infection control. Further confirmation of study results by studies with larger sample sizes is recommended. KEYWORDS: Risk Factors, Awareness, Infection Control, Dentists
Interventions for the treatment of Radiotherapy Induced Trismus: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors:   University College of Medicine and  Dentistry, The University of Lahore, Aslam Mohammad Annas , Bajwa Obaid , Raja Anum Ahmed , Khan Nissa
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVES: To systematically assess the outcome of interventions used to treat patients who have trismus as a result of radiotherapy to the head and neck region in the treatment of Head and Neck Cancer (HNC). METHODOLOGY: Searches were carried out on online databases (Medline, Embase and The Cochrane Central Library) on the 19th of June 2019 and then again using the same search terms on the 6th of June 2021. Randomized and Nonrandomized trials aimed at treating trismus as a side effect of head and neck radiotherapy (RT) were included for this systematic review. A total of 5 papers were reviewed for the purpose of this systematic review. RESULTS: Results show that there is limited evidence to support the use of any treatment modality other than structured jaw exercises to help treat trismus in patients with a history of HNC and RT induced fibrosis. There is no evidence to support the use of Botulinum toxin A, while further studies are needed to clarify the effectiveness of Pentoxifylline (with or without conjunction with Vitamin E) and Pregabalin in the treatment of postradiotherapy fibrosis. CONCLUSION: There is a need for more randomized control trials to identify treatment modalities for radiotherapy induced trismus. Rehabilitation exercises have been implemented across all papers involved in this study which indicates the need for analysis and identification of a pharmaceutical intervention. KEYWORDS: Head and neck cancer, trismus, lockjaw, radiotherapy, randomized controlled trial, placebo
Casting Indra’s Net across the Pacific: Robert Aitken and the Growth of the Diamond Sangha as a Trans-Pacific Zen Movement
Authors: Baroni Helen J.
Published: December 2022

Robert Baker Aitken and Anne Hopkins Aitken cofounded Diamond Sangha (DS) as a small living room sangha in Honolulu, Hawaiʻi, in 1959. By 1993, DS served as the primary hub for an international network of sanghas, extending across the Pacific region. This paper traces DS's development from its humble beginnings into a major conduit for the flow of trans-Pacific Zen from Hawaiʻi to the continental USA, Latin America, Australia, and New Zealand. It argues that DS played a vital role in the rapid growth of Zen throughout the Pacific region by utilizing a horizontal networking style of visiting teachers nurturing local leadership in distant sanghas, creating a lattice of interrelated sanghas across the Pacific. It likewise argues that Aitken's vision for DS entailed a blending of innovation and tradition, straddling the divide between the imperatives to meet the needs of local contexts and to preserve inherited styles of practice.
Buddhism in the Far North of Australia pre-WWII: (In)visibility, Post-colonialism and Materiality
Authors: Halafoff Anna , Lam Kim , Rocha Cristina , Weng Enqi , Smith Sue
Published: December 2022

Buddhism was first established in Australia through flows of migrants in the mid-nineteenth century, and is currently Australia’s fourth-largest religion. Yet Buddhists have received significantly less scholarly attention than Christians, Jews and Muslims in Australia. Previous research conducted on Buddhism in Australia has also largely centered on the southern states, and on white Buddhists. This article shares findings of archival research on Buddhism in the far north of Australia, focused on Chinese, Japanese, and Sri Lankan communities working in mining, pearling, and sugar cane industries, pre-WWII. It documents the histories of exclusion, resistance and belonging experienced by Australia’s Buddhists in the far north of Australia pre-WWII, during times of colonial oppression and Japanese internment. In so doing, this article challenges dominant narratives of a white Christian Australia, and also of white Buddhism in Australia, by rendering Asian communities in scholarship on religion in Australia more visible.
Hydrophobic nanoconfinement enhances CO2 conversion to H2CO3
Authors: Dasgupta Nabankur , Ho Tuan , Rempe Susan , Wang Yifeng
Published: December 2022

An understanding of the formation of H2CO3 in water from carbon dioxide is important in many environmental, biological, and industrial processes, and in the global carbon cycle. Although numerous computational and experimental investigations have focused on understanding these interactions, the conversion of CO2 to H2CO3 in nanopores, and how this conversion differs from that in bulk water, has not been understood. In this study, we use ReaxFF metadynamics molecular simulations to demonstrate striking differences in the free energy of CO2 conversion to H2CO3 in bulk water compared with that in water confined in pyrophyllite nanopores. We find that the nanoconfinement not only reduces the energy barrier, but also reverses the reaction from endothermic in bulk water to exothermic in nanoconfined water. In addition, charged species are observed more often under nanoconfinement than in bulk water. The higher number of reactive encounters, stronger solvation, and more favorable proton transfer with increasing confinement enhance the thermodynamics and kinetics of the reaction. As carbonation in nanopores is important in the carbon cycle and a complicated problem that depends on confinement, surface chemistry, pore chemistry, and concentration of CO2, our results provide a mechanistic understanding to an important step in this process.
Experimental and computational investigation of benperidol and droperidol solid solutions in different crystal structures
Authors: Saršūns Kristaps , Bērziņš Agris
Published: December 2022

We present an experimental and computational study of solid solution formation between structurally highly similar active pharmaceutical ingredients droperidol and benperidol in nonsolvates, dihydrates, and several solvates formed by these compounds. We demonstrate that the formation of solid solutions strongly depends on the crystal structure of the phase. In part of the structures almost complete replacement of benperidol with droperidol can be achieved, whereas in other structures the replacement is possible only up to a limited molar ratio. However, only limited replacement of droperidol with benperidol can be achieved and only in part of the structures. The solid solution formation is primarily determined by the change of intermolecular interaction energy resulted by the molecule replacement. Experimentally only structures where molecule replacement allows formation of efficient intermolecular interactions can be obtained. The results indicate that energetic requirements of intermolecular interaction changes to obtain solid solutions in nonsolvated phase are less strict than that for solvates.
Selective isolation of mono to quad layered 2D materials via sonication-based solution engineering
Authors: Nakamoto Tatsuya , Matsuyama Keigo , Yoshimura Takeshi , Fujimura Norifumi , Kiriya Daisuke
Published: December 2022

Mechanical exfoliation methods of two-dimensional materials have been an essential process for advanced device and fundamental sciences. However, the exfoliation method usually generates various thick flakes, and a bunch of thick bulk flakes usually covers an entire substrate. Here, we developed a method to selectively isolate mono- to quadlayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) by sonication in organic solvents. The analysis reveals the importance of low interface energies between solvents and TMDCs, leading to effective removal of bulk flakes under sonication. Importantly, a monolayer adjacent to bulk flakes shows cleavage at the interface, and the monolayer can be selectively isolated on the substrate. This approach can extend to preparing a monolayer device with crowded 17 electrode fingers surrounding the monolayer and for the measurement of electrostatic device performance.
Why does that molecule smell?
Authors: Seshadri Aditi , Gandhi Heta A. , Wellawatte Geemi P. , White Andrew D.
Published: December 2022

Learning structure-scent relationships is a complex challenge due to both the large chemical space of odorous molecules and the molecular biology of a smell. We empirically fit structure-scent relationships by training an accurate graph neural network and then explaining its predictions. We use counterfactuals and descriptor attribution to generate explanations for the 112 scents in the Leffingwell Odor Dataset (Sanchez-Lengeling et al., 2019). Then we use natural language processing to summarize the quantitative explanations into text. The complete process goes from data to a natural language explanation with the aim of determining structure-scent relationships.
The Catalytic Reaction of Cytochrome c Oxidase Probed by In Situ Gas Titrations and FTIR Difference Spectroscopy
Authors: Baserga Federico , Storm Julian , Schlesinger Ramona , Heberle Joachim , Stripp Sven
Published: December 2022

Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) is a transmembrane heme-copper metalloenzyme that catalyzes the reduction of O2 to H2O at the reducing end of the respiratory electron transport chain. To understand this reaction, we followed the conversion of CcO from Rhodobacter sphaeroides between several active-ready and carbon monoxide (CO) inhibited states via attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR FTIR) difference spectroscopy. Utilizing a novel gas-titration setup, we prepared the mixed-valence, CO-inhibited R2CO state as well as the fully-reduced R4 and R4CO states and induced the “active ready” oxidized state OH. These experiments are performed in the dark yielding FTIR difference spectra exclusively triggered by exposure to O2, the natural substrate of CcO. Our data demonstrate that the presence of CO at heme a3 does not impair the catalytic oxidation of CcO when the cycle starts from the fully-reduced states. Interestingly, when starting from the R2CO state, the release of the CO ligand upon purging with inert N2 gas results in a product that is indistinguishable from photolysis-induced states. The observed changes at heme a3 in the catalytic binuclear center (BNC) result from the loss of CO and are unrelated to electronic excitation upon illumination. Based on our experiments, we re-evaluate the assignment of marker bands that appear in time-resolved photolysis and perfusion-induced experiments on CcO.