bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POLITICAL AND LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION SECURITY IN THE MODERN WORLD
Authors: Ahmedova Shafag , Shirinov Azer
Published: February 2022

The analysis of the current political and legal foundations of information security and comparison of its different historical stages have proved that many factors directly affect this process. They include inter-state historical relations and the world order, the struggle of various countries and regions for resources, the development of information and communication technologies, as well as the self-awareness of people. The authors of the article have concluded that information security lays the basis for state security in general and increases its power. The level and nature of communication between countries and their blocs are determined by the ability to influence each other through a system of propaganda and communication routes, including goods, services, the education system, scientific studies and social networks. Cybercrime can be combatted not only through toughening political and legal restrictions but also through forming a global humanitarian approach to human values, which is ensured by the education system, the exchange of universal cultural values and the formation of new human qualities. The political and legal foundations of modern information security are as follows: historical relations between various states and regions; the current world order as the leading factor in forming the concept of information security; the power of each state and its role in the international security system as a political actor; the nature and development of information society in each region of the world; a set of international laws and treaties regarding the use of information, its preservation and disposition; the legal framework of each state; general trends in the formation of the global information space and its features associated with information and communication technologies. Information can work to the benefit only if different countries and regions cooperate since their interdependence grows each year, including in the sphere of information support. To obtain these results, system analysis of the legal framework of economic security, both in individual countries and internationally, as well as an abstract logical analysis of the practice of making political decisions to ensure information security were used. The rules and guidelines of information security, described in the scientific literature, as well as applied in practice in individual countries, have been studied.
THE IMPACT OF INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS ON THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE CONSTITUENT ENTITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: M. Kotov Roman , M. Chernysheva Nuriya
Published: February 2022

The research focuses on the mechanism of inter-budget transfers in the budget system of the Kemerovo Oblast. The evolution of inter-budgetary relations of the RF is discussed, models of separating the powers are given, implementation of the regional budget and that of municipalities are analyzed, and the role of inter-budget transfers in leveling budgetary provision is revealed. The research aims to identify promising areas for strengthening regional and local budgets in the Kemerovo Oblast. The crucial method is to analyze the structure and dynamics of the budgets of the Kemerovo Oblast and its municipalities, as well as to look into inter-budget transfers. The dynamics and structure of intergovernmental transfers are investigated using economic and statistical analysis. Based on the results, an assessment is made of the existing model for implementing the mechanism of inter-budget transfers, the directions for reforming this mechanism are stated, and sources of increasing the revenue side of budgets are identified to reduce the dependence of the regional budget on the federal one.
POLITICS OF NGOS IN POLITICAL CRIMES
Authors: Asghar Ranjbar Ali , Hassan Hassani Mohammad , Kord alivandi Rohodin
Published: February 2022

Non-governmental organizations, which today are seen as a manifestation of participatory criminal policy, play an important role in the realization of victims' rights in most crimes, which is known as the policy of the Samans; But the question is, can this also play a role in political crime? Political crimes, which have been widely defined, can have broad meanings, and political crimes in the present article refer to crimes that are in conflict with the basis of the revolution. And as a crime under specific and general laws provided by law; therefore, in this type of crime, which is also a specific crime and is often unforgivable, and until they have a private aspect, the Samans must examine how the Samans can intervene. However, in addition to the supportive aspect of the Samans, it can be stated that the Samans can act in their other role as the declarants of a political crime, which the legislature also mentioned in Article 66 of the Criminal Procedure Code adopted in 1392. And although the obvious feature of the Samans is their non-profit and non-political nature.
ABOUT ENGINEERING AND GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS OF SOIL PROPERTIES IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APARTMENT BUILDINGS
Authors: Lipatova Ekaterina , Basik Daniil , Petrova Katerina , Makeeva Ekaterina , Sergeevna Gorelysheva Natalia , Alecksandrovich Seroshtan Denis , Viktorovna Goncharova Elizaveta
Published: February 2022

Engineering and geological surveys are summative concepts, the essence of which is to conduct a study of the geological properties of the soil on the territory of the construction site. The main goal is to obtain all the necessary materials to fully justify the possibility of designing and building any object on the selected territory. This study describes engineering and geological surveys of soil properties for the preparation of project documentation for the construction of an apartment building at the address Kirov region, Vyatskopolyansky district, village. Krasnaya Polyana, Druzhba str., 1. Statistical processing of physical characteristics of the studied soils, as well as indicators of physical and mechanical properties of soils are presented.
SUPERGRAPHICS AND VIDEO ECOLOGY
Authors: Е.Nemtchinova Е.
Published: February 2022

The objective of this research was to conduct a study of supergraphics in the architecture and design of the visual urban environment in terms of video ecology. The article examined the specifics of supergraphics, its relationship with the concepts of graffiti and street art. The study also focuses on the specifics of new materials, innovative technologies for the implementation of supergraphics, in particular on the example of the subway. The variety of artistic techniques of supergraphics and its influence on the harmonization of the surrounding subject-spatial environment are revealed. The demand for supergraphics in modern conditions requires its deep analysis. The specifics of supergraphic tools are related to the requirements of creating an effective communicative human environment and solving a specific problem to improve the video ecology of the urban environment.  The differences in the concepts of graffiti and street art are analyzed, their connection with the artistic techniques of modern supergraphics is outlined. The article provides new materials and innovative technologies. The provisions of the article reveal the inextricable connection of today's trends in supergraphics with our modern life. The materials of the article contribute to further developments in the methodological material on this topic, help in the formulation of design tasks, as well as in the evaluation of the work in supergraphics.
PROBLEMS OF THE CREATION AND DIRECTION OF IMPROVING THE PROFESSIONAL ETHICS OF CIVIL SERVANTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: A. Evstratova Tatiana , V. Medvedeva Natalia , V. Dupliy Elena , V. Palehova Polina
Published: February 2022

A system of permanent and stable values of professional activity and value orientation determine the specifics of public administration and regulate professional behaviour of a public servant. Compliance with the norms of such behaviour is a priority indicator demonstrating the professional culture of civil servants, where the values of their activities represent a consolidating basis and act as a special cultural regulator of relations within an organization, its boundaries, as well as relations to their own actions. The main research method is an expert survey of civil servants in the State Duma of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this paper is to develop directions for improving the code of ethics for civil servants on the basis of identifying the problems of the creation of professional ethics for civil servants in government bodies of the Russian Federation. The study made it possible to assess the attitude of civil servants to professional ethics. Based on the results of the survey, the main negative qualities of civil servants in relation to their professional activities were identified; the key reasons for this manifestation of negative qualities and the level of awareness of civil servants about the content of the Code of Ethics were determined. All this necessitated the escalating of measures to modernize the Code of Ethics for civil servants. The proposed changes and additions will minimize problems in the mechanisms for the formation of professional ethics of civil servants in federal authorities.
DEFINITION OF NATIONAL RESILIENCE IN UKRAINE IN THE SCIENTIFIC OPINION OF DOMESTIC RESEARCHERS (PART 1)
Authors: L. Korolchuk Olena , M. Bilynska Maryna , Y. Mokretsov Sergii , A. Gaievska Larysa , A. Kulhinskyi Yevhenii
Published: February 2022

The urgency and importance of this issue are due to the fact that the government, public administration, civil society are increasingly emphasizing the need to update strategies to ensure stability, resilience of the nation and the country to modern risks and disasters that have become complex, hybrid, less predictable. The purpose of this article is to highlight the issues of formation and development of national resilience in modern scientific thought in Ukraine and the search for a relevant definition of this concept. The leading approach to the study of this issue was inductive thematic analysis, which revealed the achievements of domestic science, identified major trends in the views of experts on the problem, explored the relevance and level of knowledge of the problem of determining national resilience in Ukraine. The article reveals that today there is still no generalized, agreed definition of national resilience in Ukraine; the relevance of this issue in the light of the impact of modern risks and threats is disclosed; the main publications on this topic are found to address issues of national stability and security in various spheres of state life: public administration, socio-humanitarian, financial and economic, national security, civil society development, etc. and an author's definition of national resilience of Ukraine is provided. The materials of the article have practical value for the development and implementation of a strategy for the development of national resilience in Ukraine in order to prevent and overcome today's complex risks and threats and provide a fruitful environment for the well-being of descendants. Also, it can be used by scientists, practitioners, government institutions and public administration bodies, representatives of civil society for the development and implementation of this concept in Ukraine.
DIRECTIONS OF THE STATE POLICY OF HEALTHCARE REFORM IN UKRAINE
Authors: O. Kravchenko Sergii , V. Shpachuk Vitaliy
Published: February 2022

Today in Ukraine, the theme of health care is extremely relevant and painful for most Ukrainian society. The Ukrainian healthcare system has a low level of financial and material security, a technically backward infrastructure, imperfect management, requires significant financial investments, and the use of innovative management and medical technologies that the state cannot provide due to the crisis and limited budget. Therefore, the topic of health care is one of the most discussed in society, because health care concerns everyone without exception, a citizen of our state, which is why the process of formation and implementation of state policy in the field of health today is almost the most important issue in Ukraine. In view of this, the article analyzes the state of the healthcare system of Ukraine, the current state policy of Ukraine in the field of health care. The features and drawbacks of the modern healthcare system of Ukraine, the difficulties faced by the state in the process of reforming the healthcare system are highlighted. The necessity of changing the existing healthcare system as a prerequisite for the following changes in this area, the preconditions of European integration development of Ukraine, achievement of modern health standards, based on the current realities of Ukraine's existence, national interests, ongoing system changes in Ukraine, as well as needs state and society. The directions of the state policy of healthcare reform in Ukraine have been determined, and it has been proved that the reform of the medical sphere requires significant changes in the socio-political, financial-economic, administrative-territorial, legal and other spheres of state activity.
DIGITAL ETHICS:
Authors: V. Moroz Victoriya , V. Markelova Yulia , R. Kharisova Regina , B. Lisitsyna Tatiana , G. Kartushina Irina , S. Minkova Ekaterina , I. Prokopyev Alexey
Published: February 2022

The article relevance. New technical capabilities related to the Internet are actively used in all spheres of public life, radically changing the communication models in each of them, including in the business sphere. Digital ethics is one of the areas that is undergoing drastic changes due to the new media environment. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of online communication in online sales. Research methods: as a research method, the survey method was used to identify the features of communication practices in online sales. Research results: the article examines the characteristic features of online sales. The specifics of digital ethics in communications between the manufacturer and the consumer are investigated: the range of technical possibilities for dialogue is determined, the logic of organizing discussion fields is revealed, as well as the degree of their development. The novelty and originality of the research lies in the fact that the digital ethics of social networks for business is being investigated for the first time. It is shown that in large companies, the social network performs a connecting function only at the first stage of cooperation; small businesses practice maintaining long-term contact and the social network function is communicative for them. It is revealed that the social network page serves as a means of informing customers about services and products; for placing ads about promotions and events held in the company; for messages of common nature. It is revealed that social network marketing is not yet fully integrated into the Russian market. It is shown that the format of communication in the social network as a mechanism for accepting applications is characterized by a minimal degree of personification. It is revealed that the dialog space is segmented into an official unit (informative function) and a consumer forum (emotion exchange function). It is revealed that in large and small companies, the functions of dialogue are radically different: for large companies, dialogue is one of the ways to maintain the image, the ability to create the appearance of openness and readiness for interaction, demonstration of customer orientation), for small companies - the ability to remotely and cost-effectively implement products and services, satisfying the individual preferences of each client. Practical significance: the data Obtained in this work can be used in marketing, advertising, social psychology, as well as for further theoretical development of this issue.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF REGULATING THE FОRECASTING SYSTEM FOR THE SOCIO-ECONОMIC DEVELОPMENT IN RUSSIA
Authors: R. Khairullina Elmira , V. Lushchik Irina , E. Lampsi Oksana , V. Romanov Igor , A. Burovkina Lyudmila , A. Krupnov Yuri , Yu. Butyrin Andrey
Published: February 2022

The system of forecasting and planning the economy is being formed today in the Russian Federation. The outcome of this process is expected to be the formation of a system of priorities and goals of the socio-economic development of the country, the development and implementation of national projects and government programs. The paper gives an analysis of the theoretical and methodological aspects concerning the regulatiоn of the forecasting system of the socio-economic development in Russia. The principles of regulating the forecasting of the socio-economic development in the Russian Federation have been studied and proposals have been developed to improve the process under study. The conclusions have been drawn that forecasting is one of the important functiоns of public administration. Forecasting contributes to the identification of possible future problems of socio-economic development, substantiation and development of preventive measures of socio-economic policy, which ensures early structural, technological, institutional changes, and also gives an opportunity to adapt effectively to the specific conditions of the future situation. Forecasting also makes it possible to obtain the expected assessments of the results of the implementation of various economic policy options. Thus, forecasting allows one to pick a pоlicy option objectively that provides the desired trajectory of socio-economic development.
FIGHT CORRUPTION AT THE STATE AND MUNICIPAL LEVELS IN RUSSIA:
Authors: A. Vorontsov Sergey , Y. Mamychev Alexey , V. Ponedelkov Alexander , V. Kolesnik Veronika , A. Boyko Natalia
Published: February 2022

This paper presents the materials of sociological (field) research devoted to the problems of combating corruption at the state and municipal levels, as well as the analysis of data and expert opinions obtained in the course of field research. The sociological study was conducted in the form of a survey of experts in thirteen constituent entities of the Russian Federation, in which more than 1000 people were interviewed. On the basis of the data obtained, the authors substantiate the need for the adequacy and effectiveness of the fight against corruption in Russian society to strengthen the influence of ethical and moral norms on the observance of prohibitions, restrictions, and requirements established in order to combat corruption, as well as the development of additional mechanisms and tools for preventing corruption manifestations. At the same time, it is substantiated that the adopted anti-corruption norms require not only legalization, but also legitimation, that is, recognition and support by citizens and society of this work as a whole. The authors are convinced that the combination of these two components can increase the effectiveness of the prevention of corruption offenses in the Russian Federation. In addition, the work separately examines the anti-corruption legislative initiatives of political parties and social movements, their significance and role in the fight against corruption interaction in society.
HARDINESS IN THE STRUCTURE OF PERSONAL RESOURCES CONDUCIVE TO OVERCOMING PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT AMONG WORKERS DURING A PANDEMIC
Authors: I. Rerke Viktoriya , V. Belyakova Natalia , B. Mottaeva Angela , P. Shipovskaya Lyudmila , V. Ignatyeva Alla , V. Blinov Leonid , G. Kalina Irina
Published: February 2022

Today, the risk of emotional exhaustion is increasing and a decrease in the professional activity of healthcare workers is observed due to an epidemiologically unstable situation in the world. The importance and social significance of solving this problem is connected with the fact that the burnout syndrome has a complex form and can be interpreted differently from the point of view of root causes and final outcome. This, in its turn, guides to the exploratory search for directions of psychological means and methods of influence. The purpose of the paper is to study hardiness in the structure of personal resources of overcoming professional burnout among healthcare workers during a pandemic. The leading techniques for the study of this problem were the following: psychodiagnostic technique “Diagnosis of emotional burnout”, personality questionnaire, hardiness test. Hardiness has been studied in the structure of personal resources of overcoming professional burnout. The authors have proven that doctors possessing hardiness are distinguished by personal qualities that help them adapt and withstand difficult social situations. The features of professional burnout have been identified among healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic. It has been found that a high level of hardiness in the structure of personal resources is a factor in overcoming professional burnout among doctors. The results obtained made it possible to develop practical recommendations to prevent professional burnout and boost hardiness among healthcare workers during the pandemic. The paper is intended for specialist psychologists, clinical psychologists, and healthcare managers.
OS IMPACTOS DA HETERONORMATIVIDADE INSTITUCIONAL NA SAÚDE MENTAL DA POPULAÇÃO LGBTQIA+
Authors: Serrão Pimenta Alessandra , Wilson Ramos da Conceição Pedro
Published: February 2022

A diversidade sexual por muito tempo foi definida como uma patologia, e apesar de não ser mais considerada doença, o preconceito e a estigmatização permanece presente, gerando consequências sociais, psicológicas e físicas. A sociedade é pautada em padrões que definem a heteronormatividade como o “normal” e a homossexualidade como “anormal”, embora esse pensamento seja refutado pelo meio científico, ainda possui uma forte expressão na sociedade, promovendo a segregação e violência contra os LGBTQIA+. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar os impactos da heteronormatividade institucional, predominante na sociedade, e suas implicações no processo de vulnerabilidade da saúde mental da população LGBTQIA+. O artigo trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com abordagem qualitativa e do tipo integrativa, viabilizando o aprofundamento do tema e o entendimento de conceitos fundamentais para o desenvolvimento do estudo. Os artigos analisados foram selecionados e inclusos na pesquisa, por serem artigos originais, revisões de literatura simples e sistemáticas. De acordo com os posicionamentos teóricos, os programas de saúde possuem um grande déficit relacionados a humanização da comunidade LGBTQIA+. Os padrões heteronormativos, perpetuados na sociedade, implica no surgimento de atitudes discriminatórias, assim, é necessário o aparato de políticas públicas efetivas que possam garantir a saúde desses indivíduos, nesse sentido, há uma necessidade por um enfrentamento ao padrão heteronormativo presente nos serviços de saúde. Os assuntos aqui abordados têm como intuito estimular mais pesquisas que fomentem a inclusão e a formação de políticas efetivas que aproximem a comunidade LGBTQIA+ de uma saúde pública de qualidade.
EDUCAÇÃO MUSICAL E PANDEMIA:
Authors: Da Silva Cortez Alexandre
Published: February 2022

No presente artigo objetiva-se trazer um relato de experiência do ensino de instrumento musical (Violão/ Guitarra) em forma de estudo de caso  no Conservatório Estadual de Música Haidée França Americano (CEMHFA) de Juiz de Fora - MG, tendo por base o contexto da pandemia de Covid-19. As aulas aconteceram de forma online, e para tal foi empregado um  blend metodológico, com o intuito de empregar as novas metodologias ativas da aprendizagem como Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos e em Problemas. A primeira parte do artigo consiste em uma reflexão sobre as metodologias usadas nos conservatórios em geral, e as problematizações das mesmas nos contextos atuais, posteriormente foram explicitados aspectos sobre o curso de Guitarra e Violão da instituição, seguido de um relato da minha experiência como professor dessas disciplinas no primeiro semestre de trabalho ministrando tais disciplinas. Para a produção deste trabalho, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica na área da educação e da educação musical, contextualizando o ensino de instrumento junto aos desafios contemporâneos desta área, focalizando em particular nos cursos técnicos de música. Conclui-se, portanto, que o emprego das metodologias ativas pode acarretar em situações de aprendizagens significativas tanto para discentes quanto para docentes, mantendo o engajamento dos alunos na disciplina, criando assim um ambiente rico de troca de saberes e construção do conhecimento.
IMPACTOS DA ANSIEDADE NA APRENDIZAGEM:
Authors: Henrique Oliveira da Silva Lucas
Published: February 2022

Quando a criança passa de um ambiente familiar e adentra no ambiente escolar, ele sai de sua zona de conforto trazendo consigo toda a sua carga psicossocial já adquirida no ventre, convívio familiar e em seu ambiente de moradia, e passa para um ambiente altamente social que é a escola que é um ambiente extremamente estressante. Seu objetivo principal e a sociabilização, porém existem fatores pré-existentes favorecendo que o mesmo não obtenha essa socialização. Levando em consideração os princípios pedagógicos e psicológicos foram revisados algumas classificações de ansiedade em que a criança pode passar nesse período de transição. Foram utilizadas pesquisa, em forma de questionário para obtenção de dados vivenciados pelos entrevistados, foram avaliadas 10 crianças:5 do sexo masculino e 5 do sexo feminino, entre 5 a 10 de idade, e 4 adultos: 2 do sexo feminino e 2 do sexo masculino. Grande parte dos entrevistados levantaram argumentos plausíveis sobre os temas abordados. Incentivando a fortalecer o conhecimento sobre a ansiedade na educação infantil.
OS CONTOS DE AIA DE MARGARETH ATWOOD
Authors: Eméri Mokfa Matitz Celuppi Fernanda
Published: February 2022

Os contos de Aia de Margareth Atwood (1985) é uma crítica feminista futurista que usa da sátira para apresentar o “perigo” que o feminismo radical pode causar ao fornecer elementos para o extremismo do patriarcado se apropriar da luta feminista, como aconteceu com a sociedade gileadana. A essência da desigualdade é a noção misantrópica misógina no caso das mulheres - de que algumas são intrinsecamente mais dignas do que outras, portanto, justamente pertencem acima de eles, por causa do grupo do qual eles são (ou são percebidos como) um membro. A substância de cada desigualdade, daí o domínio em que opera como hierarquia, é distinta para cada um, mas é a hierarquia que a torna uma desigualdade. A hierarquia de gênero é o sistema social transnacional da masculinidade sobre a feminilidade que torna os homens sobre as mulheres baseados na mentira da superioridade masculina. Inerentemente, a igualdade é relacional e comparativa. A crítica ao sistema patriarcal e ao próprio movimento feminista estabelecido pela autora é uma necessidade para evitar sociedades distópicas como a República de Gilead. Por fim, discute-se também a estratégia adotada de silenciamento do outro, dentro da perspectiva de David Le Breton (1997).
A ORGANIZAÇÃO FINANCEIRA DAS TRABALHADORAS INFORMAIS DO SHOPPING POPULAR DE FEIRA DE SANTANA
Authors: Nadine de Moura Barbosa Gesiele
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho é o resultado preliminar de uma experiência extensionista que buscou entender a organização econômica e financeira das mulheres negras trabalhadoras informais do comércio feirense. Com isso, serão feitas breves considerações sobre os fatos observados, assim como a análise teórica que envolve os temas relacionados à pesquisa feita concomitantemente com a extensão. Esse resumo expandido possui uma única seção além da introdução, da metodologia e da conclusão. Portanto, sua organização prioriza a apresentação dos aspectos gerais do trabalho informal e suas características no contexto brasileiro, em seguida, a explicação das circunstâncias da pesquisa e das mulheres negras que participaram do projeto e, por fim, a análise da organização financeira dessas mulheres a partir do que foi observado na experiência extensionista. Desse modo, as narrativas dessas mulheres evidenciam incertezas, principalmente por constituir um momento de disputas políticas, adaptação ao novo local e as novas circunstâncias.
A randomized comparative clinical trial of the relative effectiveness of manipulation or manipulation and acupuncture for the treatment of lower back pain
Authors:   , White Horace Lindsay
Published: February 2022

Among the many modalities used by chiropractors is acupuncture. However, it has not yet been put to the test by research whether the addition of acupuncture for the treatment of lower back pain is of benefit or not to the patient. It is hypothesised that the addition of the acupuncture modality with the chiropractic adjustment will be of more benefit than the chiropractic adjustment alone. As the purpose ofthis study was to compare a chiropractic adjustment to a chiropractic adjustment followed by acupuncture the experimental method was used. The adjustments used were those indicated after following the diagnostic protocol of Natal Technikon using the Diversified Technique of Chiropractic. The acupuncture points used were the Urinary Bladder, 23, 25, 31, 36 and 40 and Gall Bladder 30 in all patients in the group receiving acupuncture. Thirty patients were selected randomly and split into two groups of 15. Patients were treated a maximum of 8 times or less if they become pain free in less treatments. The results of the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability, Numerical Pain Rating Scale-101 and McGill Pain Questionnaires were recorded before the 1st, 5th, and after the last treatment and again at the 1 month follow up consultation, along with the BROM II and Algometer readings. The statistical tests used were the Intragroup Wilcox Signed Rank Test, the Intergroup Mann Whitney U Test and Power statistics according to the UCLA web site. Both treatments were
The efficacy of adjusting foot and ankle fixations in the treatment of sub-acute and chronic achilles tendonitis
Authors:   , Gaymans Jason
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of adjusting foot and ankle fixations compared to placebo in the treatment of sub-acute and chronic Achilles tendonitis. It is hypothesised that by adjusting those fixations in terms of the above would result in more of a significant improvement than placebo. Summary of the background data A search of the literature failed to reveal any studies on this topic. Study design A single blind, comparative, controlled study. MetllIods Forty subjects with sub-acute or chronic Achilles tendonitis were randomly divided into two different groups (Group 1 = 21 patients, Group 2 = 19). The ages ranged from 15 to 60 years. The first group received adjustments to any fixations present in the foot and ankle, whilst the second group received placebo (detuned ultrasound) only. Both groups received six interventions over a maximum period of four weeks. Subjective measurements were the McGill Short Form Pain Questionnaire and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale-l 01, and the objective measurements included algometer readings to assess pain threshold and goniometer readings to measure ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. All assessments were taken at the 1st, 2nd , 3rd, and final interventions. Results Significant improvements were detected between Group 1 and Group 2 in terms of percentage pain intensity between the 1st and 3rd and 1st and final visit. Significant improvements were detected between Group 1 and Group 2 in terms of pain threshold between the 1st and 2nd , 1st and 3rd and 1st and final visit. Significant improvements were detected between Group 1 and Group 2 in terms of pain experienced (quality and intensity), between the 1st and 3rd, and 1st and final visit. Significant improvements were detected between Group 1 and Group 2 in terms of ankle dorsiflexion range of motion between the 1st and 3rd, 1st and final visit. Statistical analysis within Group 1 showed significant improvements in pain experienced (quality and intensity) between the 1st and 2nd, 1st and 3rd, and 1st and final visits. Significant improvements were noted in ankle dorsiflexion range of motion between the 1st and 2nd, and 3rd, and 1st and final visits. Significant differences were observed in percentage pain intensity between the 1st and 2nd, 1st and 3rd, and 1st and final visits. Significant increases in pain threshold were noted between the 1st and 2nd, 1st and 3rd, and 1st and final visits.
The relative effectiveness of spray and stretch compared to ice and stretch in the treatment of myofascial trigger points
Authors:   , Backlund Gary
Published: February 2022

Pain arising from myofascial trigger points is common and is often so disabling that the need for fast effective treatment is urgent. Of the many documented treatments for trigger points, there is little evidence to support one treatment over another. It is thus the purpose of this study to determine the relative effectiveness of stretch and ice to stretch and spray in the treatment of myofascial trigger points found in the upper trapezius muscle. This comparative clinical study involved the participation of thirty patients presenting with myofascial trigger points of the upper trapezius muscle. By means of consecutive sampling, patients complaining of neck pain, and/or headaches, and/or shoulder pain or a combination thereof, and who were between the ages of sixteen and sixty-five, underwent a screening processes to determine if they had active myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius. Those that were eligible for the study were randomly assigned to either the stretch and ice group or the stretch and spray group. The subjective primary data consisted of three pain questionnaires, namely the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, CMCC Neck Disability Index, and Numerical Rating Scale-101. The objective data was supplied by readings taken from an algometer. The patients underwent three consultations in the first week, two consultations in the second week and a final consultation one-month after the fifth treatment. All the primary data was collected at four occasions. These were at the first, third, fifth and one month follow-up consultations. Intra-group analysis using the Wilcoxon Sign-Rank Test determined if each group improved significantly with respect to the data collected. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine which group was statistically better than the other. The results, including the standard deviation, standard error, mean and power
Idecabtagene Vicleucel (Abecma)
Authors: Reimbursement Team
Published: February 2022

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.

The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.

This review assesses idecabtagene vicleucel (Abecma), cell suspension in 1 or more patient-specific infusion bag(s); target dose of 450 × 106 CAR T cells, within a range of 275 × 106 to 520 × 106 CAR T cells; for IV infusion.

Indication: For the treatment of adult patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least 3 prior therapies, including an immunomodulatory drug, a proteasome inhibitor, and an anti-CD38 antibody, and who are refractory to their last treatment.
Analisis Peran ASEAN Regional Forum Dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Laut China Selatan
Authors: Sitompul Melda Alani
Published: February 2022

ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) merupakan forum yang didirikan oleh negara-negara ASEAN untuk menjaga keamanan kawasan dan mencegah terjadinya ketidakstabilan keamanan di kawasan. Peran ARF ialah kesepakatan tentang “Pedoman Pelaksanaan DOC” yang bertujuan untuk meredakan ketegangan dan mempromosikan pengelolaan situasi yang damai serta menghormati status quo. Diskusi dan dialog yang sedang berlangsung di dalam ASEAN serta ASEAN dan China terkait pengimplementasian DOC melalui Code of Conduct (COC) untuk sengketa Laut China Selatan. Dengan demikian ASEAN memainkan peran yang sangat penting. peran ini yang menarik untuk diteliti dalam implementasi DOC melalui COC dalam ARF. Tulisan ini hendak meneliti peran tersebut menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif menggunakan sumber sumber sekunder melalui berita, dokumentasi, dan jurnal yang mendukung dan relevan.

Kata kunci: peran, asean regional forum, sengketa batas laut, code of conduct, laut china selatan, Declaration on the Conduct
Konsitensi Sistem Merit Pada Pemilihan Jabatan Tinggi Pratama Di Pemerintah Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Lega Michael , Beriansyah Alva , Maulana Rio Yusri
Published: February 2022

Pelaksanaan agenda reformasi birokrasi dalam manajemen dan tata kelola Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) menggunakan sistem merit yang telah ditetapkan dan diatur secara tegas dalam UU No.5 Tahun 2015. Sistem merit mengatur tentang pengangkatan, mutasi, promosi, penggajian, reward dan pengembangan karir pegawai dilakukan berdasarkan penilaian kualifikasi kompetensi dan kinerja pegawai. Sistem merit yang diterapkan dalam pengisian jabatan pimpinan tinggi pratama di Pemerintah Propinsi Jambi tahun 2019 untuk melakukan mutasi enam pejabat tinggi pratama mengalami polemic hingga adanya pengaduan ke Komisi Aparatur Sipil Negara (KASN) terhadap Gubernur Jambi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif untuk menjelaskan hasil temuan penelitian penerapan sistem merit di pejabat tinggi pratama di Pemerintahan Propinsi jambi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya terindikasi pelanggaran dalam penerapan sistem merit terutama berkaitan dengan penetapan hasil seleksi terbuka hingga terjadi pengaduan ke KASN, adanya tumpang tindih kewenangan antara tim seleksi, Kepala Daerah dengan KASN,serta adanya ketidak sepemahaman antara institusi pengelola kepegawaian dan pejabat-pejabat yang telah menduduki jabatan, terkait penafsiran proses jobfit, mekanisme seleksi terbuka, dengan dengan keberlangsungan jenjang karir sebagai bagian dari sistem merit.
Submission process of a research protocol to an ethic committee
Authors: Ouanes Zouhour
Published: February 2022

Research involving humans has been part of medicine for centuries. In the nineteenth century, the adoption of the experimental method in both science and medicine generated significant progress in research involving humans. Questionable research practices occurred all over the world and there has been some attempt to regulate human experimentation. Thus, research ethics evaluation was emerged which is a process by which a group of people representing different perspectives meet to review the ethical acceptability of a research project. The process used to conduct the evaluation involves two steps: ethical deliberation and decision-making. This evaluation was conducted by ethical committees (EC) named also Institutional Review Board (IRB) which are independent and multi-disciplinary organisms responsible for ensuring that medical experimentation and human subject research are carried out in an ethical manner in accordance with national and international law with public representation. Therefore, the goals of this workshop is to first define different types of Ethical committees and precise their roles then to describe the submission process of a research protocol to an ethical committee with practical aspect using case studies.
The histological changes induced by the neurotoxic venom of Moroccan snake Naja haje
Authors: Khourcha Soukaina , Chakir Salma , Lafnoune Ayoub , Darkaoui Bouchra , Daoudi Khadija , Chgoury Fatima , Karkouri Mehdi , Hmyene Abdelaziz , Oukkache Naoual
Published: February 2022

In Morocco, ophidian envenomations are perpetrated by 7 species of snakes of the viper family and a single species of elapids named Naje haje. Proteomic mapping of Naje haje cobra venom shows a complex mixture of biologically active molecules, which are rich in non-enzymatic proteins such as neurotoxins generally - alpha neurotoxins - inducing a neurotoxic effect by attacking the central and peripheral nervous system causing paralysis. The present work offers a study of the cobra venom from a toxicological and physiopathological standpoint. We first determined the toxicity Nh venoms by an LD50 test, then carried out an anatomopathological study on Swiss mice in order to detect the signs of envenomation by venom. The organs of the envenomed mice were then removed for a histological study to determine the main systemic alterations induced by the venom. The results of study showed acute toxicity revealing of the symptoms mainly of a neurotoxic nature and the histopathological study that show the Nh venom exerts a cytotoxic activity on the brain, heart, lungs, liver and kidneys.Keywords: Snake, Venom, Characterization, Toxicity, Chromatography, Physiopathology, Histology.
Intra-Suprasellar Rathke’s cleft cyst: one case report
Authors: ELHAIRECH Dahmane , KANAZY Saloua , LMEJJATI Mohamed
Published: February 2022

Rathke’s cleft cysts are benign cystic lesions of the sellar and suprasellar region, forming out of remnant cells of the craniopharyngeal duct. Rarely diagnosed because they are often asymptomatic, sometimes they can be symptomatic by causing neuro-ophthalmological and / or endocrine disorders requiring surgical treatment. In this report we present a patient with a symptomatic rathke’s cleft cysts in an intra-suprasellar location, and review of the literature.Keywords: Rathke’s cleft cyst, Rathke’s pouch, Intrasellar, MRI, surgery
Conservative treatment of extra-dural hematoma: about 52 cases
Authors: ELHAIRECH Dahmane , KANAZY Saloua , LMEJJATI Mohamed
Published: February 2022

Extradural hematoma is a collection of blood that develops between the dura and the bone of the skull. It is a neuro-trauma emergency requiring intervention as soon as possible. However, conservative treatment is recommended in many cases of extra dural hematomas with good progress. We report the experience of the CHU AGADIR neurosurgery service on 52 cases of isolated extra dural hematomas not operated, treated between 2018 and 2021. The aim of this work is to establish the criteria for the therapeutic choice and its consequences. on the evolution of patients. Our patients were monitored by brain CT scans and only three cases required secondary surgery due to the increase in the size of the hematoma on the follow-up scans. The long-term course was good for all of these patients with no neurological sequelae. The review of the literature shows results which meet the same conclusions and which emphasize the value of the clinical-radiological examination and the CT follow-up of patients and its financial implication for patients, most of whom are destitute.

Keywords:  Extradural hematoma, conservative treatment, brain CT, surgery
The socio-demographic profile of addicts treated by the Agadir addictology center
Authors: El Hanafi A. , Elkaddouri H. , Karmoude L. , Lmejjati M.
Published: February 2022

The increase in the number of addicts in our country is a distressing phenomenon and largely contributes to the degradation of the quality of life of people who use psychoactive substances. This descriptive, quantitative retrospective study aims to describe the socio-demographic profile of addicts treated by the Agadir addictology center. The study is carried out on a sample of 288 users of psychoactive substances selected according to a stratified probability sampling, based on the files of addicts who passed through the center during the first two years of its operation 2018 and 2019. In terms of results, this work has shown that this phenomenon primarily concerns the male sex with a percentage of 88.19%, generally, single people are the most representative with 67.01%.   Regarding age, a proportion of 55.21% is in the 18 to 30 age group. A majority of 95.49% come from urban areas and 84.37% reside in nuclear families. 46.53% of addicts are inactive and for those active, in most cases they work in underqualified professions. And concerning addictive behaviors, they are concentrated on the consumption of two types of psychoactive substances (tobacco, and cannabis) which represent 50.69%. In the hope of an improvement, it will be necessary to give more importance to the subject and to make it more debatable.  As well as to have these addicts recognized without discrimination.

Keywords:  Addicts, socio-demographic profile, psychoactive substances, drugs, addiction.
The status and correlations of anxiety and depressive disorders in Moroccan patients with breast and gynecological cancer: A crosssectional case-control study
Authors: Aquil Amina , El Kherchi Ouassil , El-Azmaoui Naoual , Guerroumi Maroua , Benider Abdellatif , Elgot Abdeljalil
Published: February 2022

Background: In lower middle-income countries, significant progress has been made in the treatment and management of cancers. However, the neuropsychiatric and mood disorders associated with these diseases are generally underestimated by the health system. The aim of this study is to assess both anxiety and depression disorders of Moroccan women with breast cancer and gynecological cancer (N=400) and further identify the predictive factors.

Methods: Case–control study was conducted with a total sample of 800 individuals. Participants were selected from a regional epidemiological survey. Translated and validated Arabic versions of the following international scales were used: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Rosenberg's self-esteem scale (RSES), Body image scale (BIS) and Multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS). The predictive effect of these psychosocial factors for depression and anxiety was studied with hierarchical linear regressions.

Results: Patients with breast and or gynecological cancer presented a high level of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Multivariate analysis revealed that breast and or gynecological cancer functions as an independent but not primary predictor of anxiety and depressive symptoms. High levels of anxiety and depression were positively associated with a high level of sleep disturbances and body image disturbances and negatively associated with a higher level of perceived social support and self-esteem.

Conclusion: Among patients with breast and or gynecological cancer, social support and high self-esteem could help to improve anxiety-depressive symptoms related to this types of cancer.

Keywords:  Anxiety, depression, breast cancer, gynecological cancer, predictors.