bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apendicectomia laparoscópica versus aberta: resultados e complicações
Authors: Sena Gabriel Bráulio Xavier de , Santos Mariana Imáfilos , Vasconcelos Daniele Cordeiro , Oliveira Rayssa Vitória da Silva Silvério , Martins Lucas Oliveira
Published: February 2025

Introdução: A apendicite aguda é a inflamação do apêndice vermiforme, decorrente da obstrução de sua luz, com maior prevalência em homens, ao final da infância, 2° e 3° décadas. Corresponde a principal indicação cirúrgica não eletiva. Clinicamente, se manifesta como uma dor abdominal em região periumbilical, com posterior migração para fossa ilíaca direita. Pode ser acompanhada de náuseas, vômitos, anorexia e febre. O diagnóstico é clínico, podendo ser complementado por exames de imagem. A apendicectomia é a intervenção de escolha para o tratamento definitivo e pode ser realizada por via aberta ou laparoscópica. Atualmente, há debates sobre qual técnica cirúrgica seria mais adequada, considerando  os resultados e possíveis complicações pós-operatórias associadas a cada uma das abordagens. Objetivo: Apresentar conhecimentos acerca da apendicectomia e suas duas vias de acesso cirúrgico (aberta e laparoscópica), considerando os resultados e complicações decorrentes de cada uma delas. Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Lilacs, com a utilização dos descritores: “Open Appendectomy”, “Laparoscopic Appendectomy”, “Open Appendectomy” AND “Complications” e “Laparoscopic Appendectomy” AND “Complications”. Foram selecionados XX artigos, de 2019 a 2024, com critérios de inclusão e exclusão previamente definidos. Discussão: A apendicectomia laparoscópica vem crescendo ao longo dos anos, sendo muito prevalente em países de alta renda e menos prevalente nos de baixa renda. No Brasil, somente 6,3% das apendicectomias foram por essa via. A cirurgia via laparoscopia é considerada menos invasiva, segura, com menor tempo de recuperação e internação hospitalar, menos complicações pós-operatórias e óbitos, quando comparada a via convencional. Entretanto, ainda está associada a gastos elevados para sua ampla utilização. Conclusão: A apendicectomia via laparoscópica está associada a um tempo de internação mais curto, menor taxa de mortalidade e redução das complicações pós-operatórias. No entanto, apresenta custo elevado, devido a necessidade de equipamentos e treinamento da equipe.
Fatores associados ao descarte de sangue em hemocentros brasileiros: uma abordagem baseada em evidências
Authors: Nascimento Tássia Aimê , Paz Cândida Verônica de Andrade , Ferreira Marcelo Vicente Munin , Osório Atrine Gomes , Camargo Rafael Pereira , Junior Edilson Galeno de Sousa , Poletto Karine Queiroz , Gomes Samara Tatielle Monteiro
Published: February 2025

A evolução da hemoterapia no Brasil, iniciada na década de 1940 com o primeiro banco de sangue público, enfrentou desafios significativos, especialmente após a disseminação do HIV nos anos 1980, levando à criação do Sistema Nacional de Sangue (SINASAN). Embora as doações tenham aumentado, cerca de 20% do sangue coletado é descartado devido a fatores clínicos, sorológicos ou comportamentais. Foram investigados os fatores associados ao descarte de sangue em hemocentros brasileiros, baseado na revisão sistemática de 13 estudos publicados entre 2009 e 2024, consultados nas bases de dados PUBMED, LILACS e SCIELO. Os resultados apontam que o perfil dos doadores é majoritariamente masculino, jovens de 20 a 29 anos e doadores de primeira vez. Fatores como doenças infecciosas (hepatite B, sífilis) e comportamento de risco são as principais causas de descarte. A triagem clínica e o Formulário de Exclusão Confidencial (CUE) foram identificados como aspectos contribuintes para o desperdício. Melhorias nas triagens, educação em saúde e revisão de políticas são essenciais para otimizar o sangue coletado.
PENGARUH VARIASI PRODUK DAN BRAND AWARENESS TERHADAP MINAT BELI (STUDI KASUS DI MY ROTI)
Authors: Winarti Euis , Dadang Surya Kencana  , Ade Rani
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze how product variation and brand awareness affect purchasing interest at My Roti Cikarang, or at PT. Yamazaki Indonesia. The company has innovated by offering a variety of bread products, but data shows that there is instability in production planning, delays or cessation of production due to lack of interest in the product has an impact on customer satisfaction and potential loss of revenue, and low brand visibility is an obstacle to purchasing interest. This type of research is quantitative by taking primary data through observation, questionnaires, and interviews, and secondary data through data provided by the company, sample items and production items with time series data, namely 2022-2023. The sampling technique is with field observation and documentation studies. The analysis model used is a multiple linear regression model. Based on the results of the analysis and hypothesis testing, product variation has a positive effect on purchasing interest in the My Roti brand of 0.070 or 7%, but product variation does not have a significant effect, because the t-count value is 0.842  α 0.05. Brand awareness has a positive influence on the purchase interest of the My Roti brand by 0.932 or 93.2%, and its influence is significant, because the t-value is 12,810> t-table 1,996 and sig. 0.001 <α 0.05. Product variation and brand awareness have a positive influence on the purchase interest of the My Roti brand by 330,754 and the influence given is significant on purchase interest. Because the F-value is 330,754> F-table 3.13 and sig. 0.001 <α 0.05.
Beyond Face Recognition: A Multi-Layered Approach to Academic Integrity in Online Exams
Authors: Sakhipov Aivar , Omirzak Islam , Fedenko Alexey
Published: February 2025

Ensuring academic integrity in online assessments is crucial for upholding fairness and credibility, especially with the widespread adoption of remote learning. This research addresses key vulnerabilities in preventing cheating and unauthorized collaboration, common in online assessments lacking direct supervision. To address these challenges, an intelligent proctoring system was developed and tested on BlockchainStudy.kz — an educational platform that offers online courses and issues blockchain-based certificates. This system establishes a controlled examination environment through facial recognition, user activity monitoring, and browser behavior tracking, effectively deterring dishonest practices. The study adopted a phased methodology, starting with pilot testing for feasibility, followed by large-scale deployment to assess scalability and effectiveness. The approach combines machine learning-based facial recognition for identity verification, user action logging, and browser monitoring to detect suspicious behaviors indicative of academic dishonesty. Findings demonstrated a marked decrease in cheating incidents, enhanced examination credibility, and improved perceptions of fairness among both students and instructors. By encouraging accountability, the system fostered a culture of honesty within the online education environment. Ethical concerns regarding privacy were addressed through robust safeguards in compliance with General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), building student trust in the proctoring system. This research contributes to the field of e-learning by providing a scalable, effective solution for maintaining academic integrity in online assessments. It facilitates informed decision-making for educators, reduces dishonest behavior, and promotes a culture of integrity within digital education. Overall, this work enriches the body of e-learning knowledge by presenting a practical, adaptable strategy for overcoming the complex challenges of academic integrity in remote learning environments.
Review of the main agrotechnical measures for plant protection when cultivating early-ripening cucumber varieties in modern greenhouses
Authors:   Federal state budgetary scientific institution «All-Russian scientific research Institute «Raduga», Kolomna, Russia, Kostovarova Irina Aleksandrovna , Kostovarov Sergey Konstantinovich ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the work was to analyze modern methods of protecting plants from diseases and pests using the example of growing cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in protected soil using hydroponics. Growing vegetable crops in greenhouses using hydroponics requires the constant use of a complex of preventive measures to combat pests and diseases. It is noted that this complex allows to reduce the volume of fighter measures during the growing season by 60...70%. A necessary condition for the successful control of pests of vegetable crops in hydroponic greenhouses is the correct agricultural technology: compliance with the optimal temperature, air humidity, substrate, as well as mineral nutrition. So, for example, in the composition of the nutrient solution for seedlings there should be nitrogen N – 10%, phosphorus oxide P2O5 – 5%, potassium oxide K2O – 20%, magnesium oxide MgO – 5%; zinc Zn – 0.01%, copper Cu – 0.01%, manganese Mn – 0.1%, molybdenum Mo – 0.001%, boron B – 0.01%. It is noted that during the growing season, chemical means of control are most effective in timely detection of foci of pests and diseases. Examples of fungicides, acaricides, insecticides, as well as the most common diseases and pests of cucumber culture are given. It is noted that one of the effective methods of combating a number of dangerous pests of greenhouse crops is biological methods, for example, the use of antagonist organisms. So the predatory mite phytoseiulus (Phytoseiulus persimilis) in the fight against the spider mite is successfully used, and trichoderma (Trichoderma lignorum) – in the fight against fungal diseases.
COVID-19 no cárcere
Authors: Adjuto Raphael Neiva Praça , Borges Moema Da Silva
Published: February 2025

Objective: to know the experiences of men deprived of liberty subjected to post-diagnosis of COVID-19 social isolation. Method: exploratory and descriptive research, with a qualitative approach, in a male prison complex in the Federal District. 31 inmates who were in superisolation participated, after testing positive for COVID-19. Data were collected between June and July 2021, using two instruments: socioeconomic questionnaire and semi-structured interview script. The content of the interviews was analyzed using the ALCESTE software. Results: the analysis revealed the existence of two significant axes. The first, called “Confronting Superisolation”, was formed by three classes named reorganization of routines, meaning of life and death and death of the self. The second, called “Coping with the Disease”, consists of two categories called physical and emotional symptoms of COVID-19 and information for managing COVID-19. The speeches made it possible to identify that physical activities and religious practice were the main ways of coping in the period of over-isolation. The impact on emotions and psychological symptoms were manifested with anxiety, anguish, fear of death and concern about the family's illness. Conclusion: the study made it possible to know the ways of coping used by inmates during superisolation, in addition to indicating the importance of carrying out health actions that promote comprehensive care for people deprived of their liberty in periods of disease outbreaks, as was the case of the pandemic. of COVID-19.
Samokształcenie, literatura i spiski
Authors: Stachura-Lupa Renata
Published: February 2025

Artykuł ukazuje kulturę studencką w Krakowie w drugiej połowie XIX w. jako zjawisko uwarunkowane politycznie i społecznie. Autorka przedstawia działalność przedstawicieli pokolenia zaliczanego przez badaczy do grona przedburzowców galicyjskich – formacji intelektualnej, która jeszcze przed powstaniem styczniowym, w schyłkowej fazie romantyzmu zapowiadała pojawienie się na ziemiach polskich tendencji pozytywistycznych. W drugiej połowie XIX w. młodzież akademicka podejmuje próby samoorganizowania się. Powołuje do istnienia organizacje, stowarzyszenia i koła (formalne i nieformalne) o charakterze samopomocowym, które zakładają wzajemną troskę członków o swój rozwój intelektualny i naukowy, udział w życiu kulturalno-społecznym miasta i pomoc socjalną dla najuboższych. W okresie przed powstaniem styczniowym w kręgach studenckich nasilają się nastroje patriotyczne. Młodzież krakowska bierze udział w demonstracjach patriotycznych i konspiracji, a także bezpośrednio w walce. Jedną z takich grup zorientowanych samokształceniowo jest „pracownia Filippiego”, działająca w Krakowie u początku lat 60. XIX w., której członkami byli m.in. Michał Bałucki, Adam Bełcikowski, Józef Szujski, Jan Matejko i Tadeusz Wojciechowski.
Juwenalia, Piastonalia, Kortowiada
Authors: Koncewicz-Dziduch Edyta
Published: February 2025

Juwenalia to tradycyjne majowe święto polskich studentów, organizowane przez uczelnie, przy wsparciu władz miejskich oraz sponsorów. Jest to kilkudniowy cykl imprez o ludycznym, rozrywkowym charakterze, stanowiący element folkloru miejskiego ośrodków akademickich. Juwenalia posiadają średniowieczne korzenie, podobnie jak zwyczaj otrzęsin, reaktywowano je na polskich uczelniach w latach 50. XX w., najpierw na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim w Krakowie, w związku z obchodami jubileuszu 600-lecia uczelni. Zwyczaj rozpowszechnił się na innych uczelniach w Polsce i stał się ważnym elementem kultury studenckiej. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na znaczną liczbę współcześnie organizowanych juwenaliów, ich różnicowanie poprzez oryginalne nazwy, tworzone od nazw miejscowości, regionów, uczelni, dzielnic, kierunków studiów, nazw osobowych oraz tradycji regionalnych. Podkreślono różnorodność oferty juwenaliów; elementy tradycyjne: korowód studentów, gry i zabawy, koncerty oraz innowacyjne, typowe dla wybranych imprez, na przykładzie Piastonaliów i Kortowiady. Juwenalia obecnie podlegają działaniom marketingowym, komercyjnym oraz promocji, głównie poprzez media internetowe. Bogaty program imprez, koncerty gwiazd przekładają się w pozytywny sposób na ocenę atrakcyjności miasta akademickiego.
Spotkania studenckie w rzeczywistości hybrydalnej w opinii studentów UIK i UPJP2
Authors: Bukowski Przemysław , Tarchała Andrzej
Published: February 2025

W czasie pandemii COVID-19 i związanych z nią ograniczeń studenci stanęli przed wyzwaniami dotyczącymi spotkań studenckich, obejmującymi komunikację, integrację oraz organizację życia akademickiego. Również obecnie studenci zmagają się z wyzwaniami dotyczącymi rzeczywistości hybrydalnej, która łączy przestrzeń tradycyjną i wirtualną życia człowieka. Wyzwania te wpływają na spotkania studenckie, zarówno formalne, jak i nieformalne, odbywające się w ramach uczelni i poza nią. Badanie preferencji studentów dotyczących spotkań w rzeczywistościach tradycyjnej i wirtualnej jest istotne, ponieważ po`zwala wykazać, które formy spotkań w przekonaniu studentów wzmacniają, a które osłabiają relacje interpersonalne, wpływają na rozwój osobisty i ogólną atmosferę panującą na uczelni.
Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań dotyczących opinii studentów na temat spotkań studenckich w kontekście rzeczywistości hybrydalnej. Zaprezentowano wyniki ankiety przeprowadzonej wśród studentów Uniwersytetu Ignatianum w Krakowie (UIK) i Uniwersytetu Papieskiego Jana Pawła II w Krakowie (UPJP2). Celem badania była charakterystyka oddziaływania rzeczywistości hybrydalnej na spotkania studenckie z perspektywy studentów oraz określenie wyzwań, z którymi mierzą się w tej rzeczywistości. Wyniki badania mogą mieć istotne implikacje dla praktyki edukacyjnej i organizacyjnej na uczelniach wyższych, przyczyniając się do lepszego rozumienia potrzeb i oczekiwań studentów. Autorzy traktują przeprowadzone analizy jako badanie pilotażowe, które zamierzają rozwinąć w kolejnym tekście.
Nieistniejąca biblioteka parafialna parafii rzymskokatolickiej w Bełzie i jej zasób w latach 1869–1872
Authors: Chajko Grzegorz
Published: February 2025

Niniejszy artykuł omawia historię i zasób nieistniejącej rzymskokatolickiej biblioteki parafialnej w Bełzie, która uległa zniszczeniu wraz z kościołem i przylegającą plebanią-klasztorem w 1944 r. wskutek podpalenia obiektów przez ukraińskich nacjonalistów. Na podstawie zachowanych we Lwowie dwóch inwentarzy parafialnych z 1869 i 1872 r. zdołano odtworzyć spis cennego księgozbioru, w którym znajdowały się liczne starodruki, rękopisy liturgiczne i metrykalne oraz książki z I połowy XIX w. Daty graniczne całości zawierały się w latach 1545–1853. Niniejsza publikacja jest pierwszym opracowaniem historii i zasobu tej biblioteki.
Preliminary study on the speed-of-sound measurement of cartilage tissue based on a two-layer model
Authors: NITTA Naotaka , Washio Toshikatsu , Hikishima Keigo
Published: February 2025

Knee osteoarthritis is a serious disease in an aging society, and early diagnosis is crucial because no fundamental treatment currently exists. Cartilage is often modeled as a poroelastic body with a deformable solid matrix saturated with fluid or water, and its water retention capacity is evaluated by the change in fluid content in the poroelastic body over time. In this study, we focus on the speed of sound as an indicator of fluid content. Considering the actual structure including soft and cartilage tissues, we propose a method for measuring the speed of sound in cartilage tissue using the cartilage surface and subchondral bone surface as reflectors. The effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated by performing simulations and phantom experiments, and the measured values of the speed of sound coincided well with the true values in both the simulations and phantom experiments.
Machine learning molecular dynamics study of thermal boundary resistance between barrierless interconnect metals and SiO2 interlayer dielectric
Authors: Hashimoto Shuichiro , Nishimura Yusuke , Watanabe Takanobu
Published: February 2025

Employing machine learning molecular dynamics (MD) calculation, we evaluated thermal boundary resistance (TBR) between barrierless interconnect unitary metals and SiO2 interlayer dielectric (SiO2-ILD). Our non-equilibrium MD calculation with machine learning interatomic potential revealed that the TBR of W/SiO2 interface is lower than that of Ru/SiO2 and Mo/SiO2 interface. Greater overlap of phonon density of states (DOS) in the W/SiO2 interface than that of the Ru/SiO2 and the Mo/SiO2 interface, resulting in the lower TBR. SiO2-induced lattice strain and disorder in W contribute to the greater overlap of the phonon DOS in the W/SiO2 interface. Furthermore, greater adhesion energy which is influenced by interfacial bond strength at the W/SiO2 interface, also contributes to the lower TBR. These findings highlight the importance of interfacial properties on phonon thermal transport through barrierless interconnect metal/ILD interfaces in deeply-scaled logic nodes.
Measuring NV center depth in real time taking advantage of maximum likelihood estimation: a proof-of-concept simulation study
Authors: Ota Tomoki , Chanuntranont Akirabha , Kobayashi Yuka , Saito Daiki , Miyake Yuto , Sekiguchi Ken , Oda Arisa , Usui Shuntaro , Shinada Takahiro , Tanii Takashi
Published: February 2025

We present a method for the on-line estimation of the depth of single shallow NV centers in diamond. This method combines photon detection simulation with maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) to produce faster results and can be performed at the same time as data arrives. The results show that MLE produces a depth estimate close to the true NV center depth in a shorter measurement duration, as compared to the conventional data fitting of the power spectral density. Also, real-time estimation with this technique is feasible using a computer equipped with hardware accelerators, such as high-performance graphical processing units.
Broadband anomalous reflection and high-efficiency circular polarization conversion based on phase gradient metasurface
Authors: Liu Ruiya , Tang Bin
Published: February 2025

Anomalous reflection and polarization conversion are distinct optical phenomena arising from the manipulation of light through engineered surfaces, enabling beam steering and polarization control. In this paper, we theoretically and numerically propose a phase gradient metasurface that can simultaneously achieve the broadband anomalous reflection and polarization conversion for the circularly polarized lights in terahertz region. When the circularly polarized lights are vertically incident on the metasurface, there exists an anomalous reflection with reflection angle ranging from 24.7° to 48.6°. Moreover, the anomalous reflection angles obtained from theoretical calculations are in good agreement with the simulation results. Meanwhile, the polarization conversion can be achieved, with polarization conversion ratio of 100%. In addition, we investigate the sensing properties of the anomalous reflection metasurface as a refractive index sensor. The refractive index sensitivity of the designed metasurface is 25.7°/RIU, which has promising applications in the field of biochemical sensing and special environmental detection.
Ampere-class double pulse testing of half-inch H-terminated diamond MOSFET chip
Authors: Takaesu Keita , Sano Daisuke , Ota Iku , Otsuka Keiko , Takeuchi Daisuke , MAKINO Toshiharu , UMEZAWA Hitoshi
Published: February 2025

400 metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) were fabricated on a half-inch diamond substrate. The performance of each device was evaluated, and an H-terminated diamond MOSFET chip was created by connecting over 300 of the well performing MOSFETs in parallel, resulting in a gate width of 32 cm. This chip was used for double pulse testing, with its switching characteristics being evaluated at 2.5 A. The results show a fall/rise time of 19/32 ns, respectively, and switching losses during turn-off/turn-on of 4.65/1.24 μJ. This study demonstrated switching operation at large currents in diamond power MOSFETs.
DETERMINANTS OF DEMAND FOR GOVERNMENT AGRICULTURAL LOANS USING THE LOGIT MODEL
Authors: Noor. M. H  , A. F. Ahmed
Published: February 2025

The research aims to enhance farmers' access to agricultural credit by identifying the most important economic and social characteristics affecting the demand for agricultural loans. Farmers need agricultural credit as a source of financing due to their weak financial capabilities، and that farmers’ lack of access to credit may negatively affect the achievement of the level of production that maximizes profit or allow farmers to apply and use modern technologies or develop existing agricultural projects. Cross-sectional data were collected for a random sample of (275) farmers in Baghdad governorate. The Logit model was used to determine the most important factors affecting agricultural loans، which include gender، age، educational level، farm size، experience، and type of tenure، in addition to statistical description and correlation analysis، using The statistical program (EViews10), The results showed that years of experience، farm size، gender، and age have a positive and significant effect، while the educational level has a negative and significant impact، as the higher the educational level of farmers، the greater their ability to obtain employment outside the agricultural sector، such as business in government jobs. or trade and others، while the impact of the type of tenure was weak، and thus the research recommends the need to develop a credit policy that takes into account the studied characteristics of farmers and enhance their capabilities through guidance and training in addition to supporting women farmers .
IN VITRO INVESTIGATION OF BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS IN SULAYMANIYAH, IRAQ
Authors: Kwestan N. A.  , R. R. Sulaiman  , H. O. Dyary
Published: February 2025

This study was conducted to detect bovine tuberculosis (TB) in Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, using gamma interferon assay (GIA), and determine the prevalence in the governorate. The study was carried out among three groups of cattle: calves aged 6–12 months, heifers 13–24 months, and cows aged above two years. Bovine TB was detected by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the GIA, carried out on 404 cattle within the target population (31173) from different districts around the governorate. A TB prevalence rate of 8.9% was detected. The highest prevalence rate (10.5%) was in the cattle above two years of age, and the lowest rate (2.7%) was recorded in 6–12 months old calves, while the rate was 9.5% in the 13–24 month-old cattle. The results revealed that the highest positive rate (15.2%) was in Bakrajo, and the lowest rate (3.2%) was in Chwarta. The blood samples of the infected and uninfected cattle were examined for some blood parameters such as hematocrit, total and differential leukocyte counts, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). There was a decrease in the hematocrit and leukocyte counts and an increase in ESR in infected animals. We conclude that TB is still endemic in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, and the GIA should be used instead of other standard tests for diagnosing bovine tuberculosis.
EFFECT OF MOLYBDENUM CONCENTRATION AND SPRAYING STAGES ON SEED YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS OF ALFALFA
Authors: Naseer F. Shachai  , Rzan Z. A.AI-Beiruty  , Hameed. KH. Khrbeet
Published: February 2025

A field experiment was carried out at the experimental field in the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Iraq from beginning of October 2020 to the end of August 2021. The main objective was to find out the effect of Molybdenum (Mo) concentrations (0, 20, 40 and 60 mg L-1 ) and three stages of foliar application (vegetative growth, flowers buds appearance and 25 % blooming ) on seed yield and it’s component of alfalfa local variety. layout of the experiment was R. C. B. D. arranged in split-plot, with three replicates. Spraying stages were used as main-plots. while Molybdenum concentrations were used as sub-plots. Results revealed that foliar application of Mo at concentration More than 20 mg L-1 (40 and 60 mg L-1) resulted in a significant increment in the No. of florets raceeme-1, No. of pods raceme-1, No. of seeds pod-1, No. of racemes stem1, Biological yield, seed yield and harvest index. Highest seed yield (502.0 k ha1) was obtained when Mo sprayed at level 40 mg L-1.Plants sprayed at flowers buds emergence produces highest seed yield (492.6 k ha-1), No. of pods raceme-1, No of seed pod-1 and No. of racemes stem, which show high positive correlation with seed yield (+ 0.72**,+ 0.49** and +0.49*) respectively. This results may be indicating that these traits could be used as good selection criteria for breeding and improving seed yield in alfalfa. The higher seed yield (567.5 kg ha-1) was obtained when alfalfa plants were sprayed with Mo at concentration 40 mg L-1 in flowers buds emergence.
GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN POPULATIONS OF THE CORN LEAF APHID RHOPALOSIPHUM MAIDIS (FITCH) HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE
Authors: A. E. Timm  , L. K. Khalaf  , C. Michael Smith
Published: February 2025

The corn leaf aphid is a major pest causes damage to a range of cultivated crops. Little is known about the population genetics of the species. In this experiment, we examined the population genetic structure of the Rhopalosiphum maidis based on nucleotide sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene and microsatellite analysis. Thirteen microsatellite markers developed for related aphid species were tested for use with R. maidis. Nine loci were found to amplify in R. maidis. Of these, seven were polymorphic. Nucleotide sequencing showed low variation, with one haplotype dominating in the regions sampled and four other haplotypes, differing by only a single base, occurring at a low frequency. Microsatellites confirmed low levels of diversity, but also showed moderate levels of population structure over local geographic scales, although this structure was not a result of isolation by distance. Over broader geographic scales, cluster analysis showed that populations from all U.S. states and China were almost indistinguishable and population assignment revealed that only 30% of individuals sampled could be correctly assigned to the population from which they were collected. Populations collected from Sorghum bicolor and Sorghum halepense could not be discriminated, indicating that S. halepense may act as a reservoir for the aphid during times when sorghum is not cultivated. The close similarity between individuals from China and the U.S. suggests that the lack of variation in the species may be explained by the parthenogenetic mode of reproduction, where males are seldom found.
EFFECTS OF FEEDING OLIVE LEAVES ON LACTATING PERFORMANCE OF AWASSI EWES
Authors: Belal S. Obeidat  , Rana Ababneh
Published: February 2025

The current study aimed to study the effects of feeding olive leaves (OL) on milk yield, milk composition, body weight, and blood parameters of lactating Awassi ewes. Thirty-six newly lambed ewes and their single lambs were distributed at random and assigned to one of three diets: 0% OL (CON), 15% OL (OL15), and 30% OL (OL30) to replace the forage source in sheep's diets. The first seven days of the 56-day experiment were dedicated to adaptation, with the remaining 49 days dedicated to the collection of data. Dry matter (DM) intake was greater (p = 0.014) in the OL15 and OL30 groups compared with the CON group. Crude protein and ether extract intake was also the highest in the OL30 group (p=0.0172) followed by the OL15 group and was lowest for the CON group. The consumption of acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber was higher (p < 0.0001) in CON compared to other groups. A decrease (p = 0.0510) in milk production cost was seen in the group-fed diets containing OL. There were no differences in initial body weight in ewes and lambs, while ewes fed on the CON lost more body weight compared with the OL30, while OL15 was intermediate. The average daily gain in lambs was greater in OL15 and OL30 compared to the CON group. In summary, substituting OL for wheat straw did not impact the lactation performance of ewes whilst it decreased the cost of producing milk and may benefit the livestock farmers.
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES OF PROXIMAL PHALANX FRACTURES BY K-WIRE FIXATION
Authors: Thomas Jithin Jose , Narayan M Sriman , Rajappa Srinivasan
Published: February 2025

Fractures of the proximal phalanx are an extremely common occurrence that are often neglected, receiving delayed
treatment and inadequate reduction. These fractures often produce debilitation, pain and deformity attributed to
malunion, stiffness, prolonged rehabilitation needed for recovery and functional improvement. This often hampers the
quality of life and activities of daily living of patients, thus producing significant distress and dissatisfaction among them.
This emphasizes the need for precise surgical techniques and initiating early mobilization to achieve favorable
functional outcomes. A retrospective study was performed on the functional outcomes of 13 patients with 17 proximal
phalanx fractures, without any associated tendon injuries, treated by K-wire fixation and early active mobilization. These
patients were followed up for a minimum duration of 3 months and all patients showed excellent outcomes and achieved
full pain-free range of movements within 6 weeks post-operatively. Post-operatively, none of the patients had
complications such as rotational mal-union, implant failure, infection, and stiffness. We exhibit promising outcomes for
the management of fractures of the proximal phalanx by percutaneous K-wire fixation and immediate meticulous hand
therapy.
ROLE OF UNANI MEDICINE IN STRESS MANAGEMENT: AN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH
Authors: Ansari Yasmeen , Chishti Danish K , Hasan Izharul
Published: February 2025

Stress has become a ubiquitous part of modern life,contributing to numerous physical and mental health disorders.The
Unani system of medicine, rooted in holistic principles, offers promising approaches for stress management through
lifestyle modifications, dietary practices, herbal remedies, and therapeutic techniques. This paper explores the
historical and theoretical foundations of stress management in Unani medicine,evaluates its practical interventions,and
highlights its integrative potential alongside modern therapeutic modalities. Moreover, evidence-based analyses of
Unani remedies and their efficacy in stress alleviation are presented to underscore its relevance in contemporary
healthcare.
THE DARK SIDE OF STEROID THERAPY IN PEADIATRIC VERNAL KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS — STEROID INDUCED GLAUCOMA
Authors: Khanum H. Sumera , G Gannur Anand , Gannur Madhu , Desai Arun Kumar
Published: February 2025

Purpose: Method: Presentation pattern & Management outcome of Steroid Induced Glaucoma in VKC. VKC Children
using steroid,2of criteria enrolled: IOP>21mmHg,glaucomatousOD,VFD.Topical steroid divided in 4groups:AHighlypotent: Dexamethasone/betamethasone, B-Moderate:prednisolone, C- Weak:loteprednol/fluorometholone, DUnknown drugs.Active intervention to control IOP.CDVA,IOP,ant.segment,fundus finding noted. Among 68 Result: VKC
patients,56use topicalsteroid without prescription.98eyes of 49patients had SIG.Mean age:15±2yr.
MeanIOP:32±8mmHg &mean verticalCDratio:0.58±0.25. IOPcontrolled by steroid withdrawal 19eyes, antiglaucoma
drugs30eyes, trabeculectomy49eyes.At presentation MeanCDVA better in groupC:6/9. MeanIOP highest in groupA
46.1mmHg foll.by groupD 40.5mmHg.13 had CDVA<3/60. Post treatment CDVA improved,IOP reduced. Conclusion:
Steroid misuse in VKC cause complication:OcularHTN/glaucoma.Mild steroids should be used than strong
steroids;monitor VA,IOP to identify steroid responders early.
ADVERSE EFFECTS OF PHOTOTHERAPY ON SERUM SODIUM AND SERUM POTASSIUM LEVELS
Authors: goyal Madhu , Jaiswal Neha
Published: February 2025

Objective: To evaluate the adverse effects of phototherapy on Serum Sodium and Potassium levels in neonates.
Methods: A case–control prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, LNCT medical college,
Indore, over a period of 13 months. All neonates preterm or term with icterus in phototherapy range formed the study
group(s). Serum electrolytes (Serum Sodium and Potassium) were measured on a serial basis. Results: S. sodium
decreased after phototherapy in study group (5.51 ± 3.99 mEq/L).The difference was statistically highly significant (P
<0.001). S. Potassium increased after phototherapy in study group (0.07 ± 0.13 mEq/L, P >0.8) but statistically
insignificant. Conclusions:During Phototherapy,Serum Sodium should be monitored and proper hydration should be
maintained.
A CASE REPORT ON ADULT TYPE LEYDIG CELL TUMOR OF THE TESTIS WITH ATYPICAL HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: A DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGE
Authors: Ballav Antu , Das Krishnendu , Das Soma
Published: February 2025

Testicular neoplasms fall into two main categories: germ cell tumours sex cord-stromal tumours. The Leydig cells and the
Sertoli cells are the two somatic cell types that give rise to sex cord-stromal tumours. Leydig cell tumours of the testis are
rare, accounting for 1% to 3% of all testicular neoplasms although they are the most prevalent interstitial neoplasms of
the testis2. Though LCTs can happen at any age, they are more common in men between the ages of 30 - 60 years and
prepubertal boys, who are typically between the ages of 5 - 10 years7,8. LCTs are always benign in children and
malignant in 10% adult cases, accounts for a disease-specific mortality rate 6.6%9,10,11. Benign LCTs are traditionally
treated with orchiectomy and malignant LCTs are treated by orchiectomy combined with retroperitoneal
lymphadenectomy12. Here, we present a case report on adult type Leydig cell tumor of the testis with atypical
histopathological findings: a diagnostic challenge. In our case a 75years old male presented to the OPD with left scrotal
swelling. USG showed an ill-defined lesion in left testis. He underwent left high inguinal orchidectomy, gross
examination of the specimen showed a 7.5×5×4 cm heterogenous mass in left testis. On microscopical examination of
H&E stained section showed monomorphic polygonal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm arranged in insular pattern
having rounded nuclei with granular chromatin and absence of prominent nucleoli. Immunohistochemistry showed the
tumor was positive for -inhibin and vimentin and negative for chromogranin A, synaptophysin, SALL-4, OCT3/4. The
presence of these atypical histopathological features in our case led to a diagnostic dilemma, which was further
overcome by IHC findings. So, this case report and result signifies the importance of IHC for accurate diagnosis and
management of the patients with testicular tumor.
CASE REPORT: HYPOPLASTIC LEFT HEART SYNDROME WITH AORTIC ATRESIA IN A 12 MONTH-OLD INFANT
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Jaiswal Arvind Kumar
Published: February 2025

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) is a rare and severe congenital heart defect characterized by
underdevelopment of the left-sided cardiac structures, leading to inadequate systemic circulation. This case report
presents a 12-month-old male infant diagnosed with HLHS, aortic atresia, hypoplastic mitral valve, rudimentary left
ventricle, and a large patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with a right-to-left shunt. The patient exhibited cyanosis,
respiratory distress, and failure to thrive. The report discusses the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings,
management, and prognosis.
IMPORTANCE OF RECREATION IN CHILDREN'S DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Ojha Seema
Published: February 2025

Through this research paper,I would like to highlight the importance of recreation in children's development and how it
leads to the overall personality development of a child. Through the introduction of games and other activities in the
everyday life of the child, we can promote the social, cultural, political and physical aspects of well-being.The role of
parents, educators, and society are also discussed below, which play an important part in making the children
understand the importance of recreation.
CLINICAL PROFILE OF CHILDREN WITH EWING SARCOMA IN A TERTIARY CARE INSTITUTE-AN INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: Jyothi Sunkara Naga , Lingayat Aditi , Irfan R Khan Farookh Aziz , Nagre Suyog Prakashrao
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Ewing's Sarcoma Family of Tumors comprise a group of primary bone and soft-tissue tumors.The
incidence of Ewing Sarcoma peaks in adolescence,slightly predominant in males.The common sites of occurrence are
pelvis followed by extremities.The multimodal management of Ewing Sarcoma comprises of chemotherapy,surgery and
radiotherapy.Our objective was to study the clinical profile of children with Ewing Sarcoma Methods: This is a
retrospective analysis of children with Ewing Sarcoma admitted between January 2020 till November 2024.All the cases
with IHC proven diagnosis of Ewing Sarcoma were reviewed.Relevant investigations including imaging and staging
details were noted.Treatment was started as per EFT 2001 protocol.Clinical profile of the patient including
age,gender,site of disease,stage of disease were noted.Treatment details of the patients were noted. Results: Total
number of children with solid malignancies registered during this period were 322 and ES accounted for
54(16.7%)cases. 42(77.7%)children were males and 12(22.2%) were females.32 (59.2%) children belonged to the age
group of 10-14 years.Around 44 (81.4%)children had osseous Ewing Sarcoma.At presentation,26(48.1%) children had
metastases.All of them were started on Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy according to EFT 2001 protocol.26(48.1%) children
had surgery as definitive therapy.Radiation was given in 40(74%)children.Limb salvage surgery was done in 18(69.2%)
children.Amputation was done in 8(30.7%) children.Post local therapy,all of them received adjuvant
chemotherapy.8(14.8%) children had relapse.The sites of relapse were lungs in 4(7.4%) children and local site plus
lungs in 4(7.4%) children. Conclusions: In our institutional experience,majority were males.The primary site was
osseous in majority of the children.Around 48.1% had metastases at the time of diagnosis.A multidisciplinary approach
is needed in the management of Ewing Sarcoma.In our institution,all Ewing Sarcoma children received Neoadjuvant
chemotherapy initially.Majority of our children received radiotherapy as definitive local therapy in view of
unresectability
Evolution of green infrastructure from an urban metabolic perspective
Authors: Tuffaha Anas , Sallay Ágnes
Published: February 2025

Exploring the Evolution of Green Infrastructure from an Urban Metabolic Perspective: Af Comparative Study within Western Europe. With the Gasometer in Vienna and De Ceuvel in Amsterdam as case studies, this research investigates the transformative potential of green infrastructure in adaptive reuse urban projects separated by 15 to 20 years. Employing a flow analysis methodology, this study examines the utilization and impact of green infrastructure elements, such as green roofs, farming, aquaponics, and phytoremediation techniques, on urban metabolic flows. The findings reveal a significant evolution in sustainable practices, characterized by a shift towards utilizing existing resources to enhance soil quality and minimize waste generation. Through strategic integration of green infrastructure, these projects demonstrate a holistic approach to urban development, emphasizing circularity and resource efficiency. The comparative analysis underscores the importance of learning from past endeavors to inform future sustainable urban initiatives, highlighting the role of green infrastructure in fostering resilient and regenerative urban ecosystems.
Morphological spatial pattern of peri-urban green infrastructure: a case study of Zhengzhou City, China
Authors: Shi Zhen , Liu Manshu , Wang Xinyu , Filepné Kovács Krisztina
Published: February 2025

Peri-Urban Green Infrastructure (PUGI) possesses significant ecosystem service value yet often remains overlooked. This study employed a composite index and the Jenks natural breaks classification method to identify Peri-Urban Areas (PUAs) in Zhengzhou City, from which PUGI was extracted for morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA). The study reveals that the majority of PUAs are situated on the outskirts of urban regions, with a smaller portion located within rural hinterlands. PUGI occupies over half of the land within PUAs, with semi-natural PUGI holding a dominant position, while natural GI primarily serves as connectors. These findings complement theoretical understanding of PUGI’s morphological characteristics and provide insights for planners to optimise PUGI.
An Appraisal of the Role of Qur’anic and Madrasa Education in the Sokoto Caliphate
Authors: Bashar Dr. Tambari Abbas
Published: February 2025

The Sokoto Caliphate, established in the early 19th century, was a major political and intellectual force in West Africa. A significant aspect of its influence was its educational system, which was deeply rooted in Qur'anic and madrasa (Islamic school) teachings. This paper explores the pivotal role of Qur'anic and madrasa education in shaping the intellectual, cultural, and social fabric of the Sokoto Caliphate. Through the madrasa system, the caliphate propagated Islamic scholarship, fostering a class of scholars who contributed significantly to Islamic jurisprudence, theology, and literature. The curriculum, which was primarily based on the Qur'an and Hadith, aimed not only at religious instruction but also at the cultivation of ethical values, leadership, and governance principles. The Sokoto Caliphate’s emphasis on education created a highly literate society, influencing the broader West African region in areas such as law, administration, and diplomacy. This paper delves into the structure of the madrasa system, the curricula, the roles of prominent scholars, and the lasting legacy of Qur'anic and madrasa education in the caliphate's societal development. By analyzing primary sources and historical accounts, it argues that the educational system was integral to the caliphate's political stability and intellectual legacy.
Exploring the Physiological and Biochemical Investigation of Nile Tilapia by Application of Biochars
Authors: Shah Yafes Ali , Shah Muhammad Yasir , Mumtaz Iqra , Din Qazi Athar Ud , Sharjeel Muhammad , Rehman Abdullah , Khan Muhammad Sufyan , Javed Rasab
Published: February 2025

Fresh water aquaculture is considered as the most prominent type of aquaculture in the world. Nile tilapia aquaculture is favored because it can adopt to wide range of environments and can tolerate various abiotic stresses. However, the success, profitability of aquaculture and nutritional composition of fishes depends upon nutritional values of meal provided to them. For this purpose, aquafeeds industries are trying to prepare complete meal for favorable nutrition. An experiment was performed to examine the effectiveness of five biochar experimental diets on growth, body composition, hematological and mineral content of Nile tilapia fingerlings. These fingerlings were acclimatized for ten days under laboratory conditions and were fed with commercial diet. After acclimatization 30 fingerlings were distributed randomly in each tank and there were three replicates of each experimental diet. Fingerlings were fed with their respective biochar experimental diet twice a day for 60 days. Data were recorded for growth, body composition, hematological and mineral content attributes. Analysis of data revealed that D3 (CCBC) experimental diet performed exceptionally well for all growth, hematological and mineral attributes of Nile tilapia. D3 caused 44% increase in final weight and provided highest value of SGR (0.96) as compared to controlled. D3 (CCBC) fed fingerlings also showed significant increase in RBC’s, WBC’s, platelates, hemoglobin and PCV. Supplementation of 2% CCBC also provided the maximal absorption efficiency of minerals (Ca, Na, K, Fe and Zn). So form these findings it can be assumed that supplementation of 2% CCBC has the potential to be used as envirnonment friendly, cost effective and sustainable supplement in Nile tilapia diets.
IOT BASED COAL MINE SAFETY SYSTEM USING ARDUINO
Authors: K Somasekhar  , Amaresh Karnam , Sagar K E CH Vidya , Shekaran Lallu , B Sharadvithi
Published: February 2025

Now a day’s due to global warming and climate changes there are challenging situation in field of coal mine. To reduce the cost and improve the productivity along with product quality the atomization in the field of coal mine is indeed necessary, which will also reduce the mine workers efforts. This paper proposes a design of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) with the help of controller which is able to monitor the temperature, humidity, gas ,ldr, in an underground mine. This system also controls the ventilation demand to mine workers depending upon present climate conditions within the mine field. This system utilizes the low power, cost effective controller a temperature sensor LM35, humidity sensor, fire sensors, gas sensor, for sensing the mine climate parameters and Wi-Fi for remote logging of data at central location to control the climate state with the help of motor and value control circuitry..