bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Évaluation des sciences de la nature, critique de la métaphysique chez Nietzsche
Authors: Fillon Alexandre
Published: November 2019

Cet article s’efforce de déterminer quel est le lien entre physique et métaphysique dans le discours nietzschéen à partir de la critique de la métaphysique qu’il opère. Nous voudrions montrer en particulier que la position de Nietzsche est sensiblement différente de deux représentations que nous pourrions facilement avoir de lui sur cette question. La première consisterait à croire que sa critique de la métaphysique entraîne dans son sillage une critique de la physique et des sciences en général. À l’opposé, la seconde soulignerait chez lui un éloge vibrant des sciences de la nature, dans un esprit positiviste, qui s’accompagne d’une critique de la métaphysique. L’évaluation que Nietzche donne des sciences de la nature est en fait bien plus nuancée et ne peut être assimilée à ces deux positions.
Minor affects, a defining blind spot for a minor form: Allan Kaprow’s 18 Happenings in 6 Parts
Authors: Galey Célia
Published: November 2019

Cet article synthétise les caractéristiques formelles de 18 Happenings in 6 Parts d’Allan Kaprow afin de souligner les défauts (esthétiques, politiques, patrimoniaux) des archives pseudo-objectives des performances de 1959. L’échec de Michael Kirby à saisir les « détails mineurs » liés aux problématiques raciales et de genre est mis en lumière par contraste avec le script, le récit de Samuel Delany et la réinvention du happening par André Lepecki en 2006. Ces perspectives multiples éclairent le potentiel révolutionnaire inhérent aux détails les plus infimes des happenings de Kaprow et aux défis qu’ils posent à leur conservation.
Des certifications inutiles ?
Authors: Ruf François , Uribe Leitz Enrique , Gboko Kouamé Casimir , Carimentrand Aurélie
Published: November 2019

Les certifications, y compris Fairtrade, misent sur les petites coopératives et sur des partenariats « engagés » pour promouvoir des moyens d’existence durables. Dans la filière du cacao en Côte d’Ivoire, marquée par l’appauvrissement des planteurs, ces derniers se méfient des coopératives. Les bénéfices attendus des certifications, dont le label Fairtrade, paraissent faibles. L’objectif de cet article est d’entrer dans la « boîte noire » de 80 coopératives : composition des équipes dirigeantes, gestion de la prime et du prix minimum garanti. Il montre que la majorité des coopératives constituent une simple « conversion » du statut d’entreprises privées préexistantes, sans réel collectif ni adhésion aux valeurs coopératives. Les conditions ne sont pas réunies pour une gestion collective et démocratique des bénéfices issus des labels dits « de développement durable » dont la crédibilité est ébranlée.
Contre la destruction de la planète
Authors: Zitouni Benedikte , Windish Hélène
Published: November 2019

Cet article revisite les débuts de l’écoféminisme aux États-Unis et en Grande-Bretagne en analysant les traces laissées dans les archives et les livres de témoignage, par les participantes aux actions suivantes : le premier rassemblement écoféministe à Amherst (1979), les défilés de commémoration de l’accident nucléaire de Three Mile Island (1980), l’Action au Pentagone à Washington D.C. (1980, 1981) et à San Francisco (1981), ainsi que les camps des femmes pour la paix en Angleterre à Greenham Common près de Newbury (1981-1987) et, aux États-Unis, à Puget Sound dans l’État de Washington et Seneca dans l’État de New York (1983). En prenant appui sur le témoignage d’activistes, l’article tente de démontrer que l’écoféminisme est avant tout une politique vivifiante, manière novatrice et transformatrice de faire de la politique, reposant sur des affects tels la peur, la colère ou le ras-le-bol suscités par le climat apocalyptique et la politique nucléaire des années 1980. À travers les occupations et défilés, face au désastre, il s’agissait pour les femmes de ne se réapproprier rien de moins que le cours de l’histoire.
L’auto-gynécologie : écoféminisme et intersectionnalité
Authors: Koechlin Aurore
Published: November 2019

Nous proposons une étude monographique d’un réseau de praticiennes d’auto-gynécologie en région parisienne, composé de personnes âgées de 20 à 40 ans qui appartiennent à une nouvelle génération que l’on pourrait qualifier de féministe intersectionnelle. L’enjeu ici est de montrer comment des féministes intersectionnelles peuvent s’approprier les paradigmes écoféministes, tant dans le discours que les pratiques. Pour cette nouvelle génération, la pratique de l’auto-gynécologie n’est en fait pas aisée à revendiquer : centrée sur les organes génitaux féminins, elle peut donner à penser que « la femme » se définit en référence à l’anatomie et être accusée d’essentialisme par les féministes intersectionnelles qui ont précisément voulu pousser plus loin que dans les années 1970 l’entreprise de déconstruction du genre. Le cas de ce réseau d’auto-gynécologie qui parvient à articuler cette pratique avec un positionnement intersectionnel montre comment l’écoféminisme peut intégrer une forme de syncrétisme théorique et pratique, mêlant une relecture des mobilisations féministes pour la contraception et pour l’avortement, les apports de la théorie queer et du black feminism , une certaine vision de l’écologie et parfois un engagement anticapitaliste.
Les politiques du travail féminin sous l’Occupation
Authors: Fauroux Camille
Published: November 2019

Cet article propose d’aborder l’histoire du travail féminin sous l’Occupation par le prisme de l’intégration à l’économie de guerre allemande. La politique du travail des femmes françaises pour l’Allemagne constitue dès le début une source d’inquiétude pour le gouvernement de Vichy, tant il est clair qu’elle va à l’encontre du projet de restauration de l’ordre familial qu’il mène par ailleurs. Du point de vue de l’occupant, cette politique de recrutement d’une main-d’œuvre étrangère a au contraire l’avantage de préserver les rapports de genre en Allemagne, en faisant peser le poids de la production de guerre sur les épaules des étrangers. Quand les tensions autour de l’approvisionnement en main-d’œuvre se font plus fortes, la question du recrutement forcé des Françaises pour le territoire du Reich se pose, mais elle est finalement écartée au bénéfice d’une politique du travail contraint des femmes en France. Cette étude met en lumière l’intérêt d’une perspective transnationale pour aborder le genre des politiques du travail.
Autocratic, Transactional, and Servant Leadership in Japan, France, and Mexico
Authors: Montaudon-Tomas Cynthia Maria , Montaudon-Tomas Ivonne M. , Lomas-Montaudon Yvonne
Published: November 2019

A theoretical study was conducted based on three different leadership styles: autocratic, transactional, and servant. The most relevant characteristics of each leadership style were summarized. A cross-culture study was proposed considering three countries from diverse clusters according to the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Project (GLOBE). Each culture was analyzed separately, and relevant statistics were presented as elements for comparison. Different models and tools to evaluate cultural differences were used to create a multiple perspectives overview. Information from the three leadership styles was used to further determine whether those styles fit the cultural descriptions in order to establish the most frequent and suitable leadership styles in the selected countries and to understand how leadership styles can vary from region to region.
Developing Strategic Leadership and Innovation Capability for Manufacturing SMEs Transitioning to Digital Manufacturing Technology
Authors: Walden Roderick , Lie Stefan , Pandolfo Berto , Nemme Anton
Published: November 2019

Strategic leadership and the development of innovation capability is of critical importance for product design and manufacturing as emerging digital technologies increasingly challenge conventional practice. This chapter presents research intended to provide manufacturing SMEs and product designers with an understanding of the complexities associated with the introduction of advanced manufacturing technologies as part of the transition to Industry 4.0. An included case study describes a university-industry collaboration design project articulating product designs role in developing strategic leadership and innovation capability for SMEs in an era of digitalisation. The chapter provides tangible ways forward for manufacturing SMEs transitioning to additive manufacturing (AM) technology, operationalising a combination of theoretical positions proposed in academic discourse. These include the need to adopt empowering leadership styles, the value of collective entrepreneurship, and the nature of creative process engagement for the generation of ideas and alternatives for AM transition.
What Does It Take to Be a Social Entrepreneur?
Authors: Crawford Joseph , Kelder Jo-Anne , Knox Matthew Wayne
Published: November 2019

Contemporary society is characterized by the prevalence of wicked problems to which the efforts and actions of some entrepreneurs have negatively contributed to social problems. Corporate social responsibility emerged as an early response to multi-factor problems that are difficult to conceptualize or structure, but it has had limited success in engendering significant structural societal change. Social entrepreneurship is a contested construct that typically includes the social entrepreneur. A definition of social entrepreneurs is provided drawing on the literature. Social entrepreneurs offer leadership for social innovation outcomes as an antidote to prevailing social issues. This contributes to the literature on social entrepreneurs by examining how social entrepreneurs lead in the digital era. Importantly, this chapter considers the role that authentic leader behaviors (awareness, sincerity, balanced processing, positive moral perspectives, and informal influence) has in enabling social entrepreneurs to create and innovate.
Financial Supports Provided to SMEs Within the Context of the European Union's Budget
Authors: Ozekicioglu Seda Sonmez , Yetiz Filiz
Published: November 2019

Along with their flexible production structures and rapid adaptation to technological innovations in the world economic race, SMEs are among the prominent wheels of both the EU economy and the whole world economy. In this chapter, the importance and the size of SMEs which contribute to production capacity, productive investments, economic growth, and national income, as well as employment and many other areas, are explicated using the current data; hence, the EU financial support programmes organized regarding the financial problems of SMEs are introduced. In this respect, the shares of the funding programmes offered to SMEs within the EU budget over the period from 2014 to 2020 in the Union's budget are assessed, and recommendations are made for the years 2021-2027.
“Europe Without Borders” and the Future of European Integration
Authors: Çilingir Sevgi
Published: November 2019

The Schengen Area is one of the most remarkable developments of EU integration, signifying supranationalization in a field where national sovereignty is rigorously protected. However, following the migration crisis and the escalation of terrorist attacks in 2015, some member states reintroduced border controls within the area. By 2018, they have exceeded the time limits set by EU law. The Commission called for amendment instead of compliance from member states. This chapter demonstrates recent developments in the field of internal border controls in the Schengen Area with respect to European integration and its future. By inquiring member states' actions and EU institutions' reactions in the context of EU law, it sheds light on whether “Europe without borders” has become an accomplishment of the past. Evaluated in relation to integration models in EU literature and future scenarios for the EU presented by the Commission in 2017, the findings suggest that internal border controls will continue in the course of deepening, despite their contradictory effect.
Introduction to Leachate Treatment
Authors: Mojiri Amin , Ramli Siti Fatihah Binti , Kamar Wan Izatul Saadiah Binti Wan
Published: November 2019

Leachate is created while water penetrates through the waste in a landfill, carrying some forms of pollutants. The goal of this chapter is the introduction to leachate treatment. Biological, physical, and chemical treatments of leachate are the most common methods. The biological techniques in leachate treatment are studied. The physical-chemical ways for landfill leachate treatment like chemical precipitation, chemical oxidation, coagulation–flocculation, membrane filtration, ion exchange, adsorption and electrochemical treatment are studied. The landfill leachate properties, technical applicability and constraints, effluent discharge alternatives, cost-effectiveness, regulatory requirements and environmental impact are important factors for selection of the most suitable treatment technique for landfill leachate treatment.
An Approach to Sustainable Watershed Management
Authors: Kumari Sneha , Patil Yogesh , Rao Prakash
Published: November 2019

Western Maharashtra consists of drought prone villages, which around seventy years ago were facing drastic challenges regarding water requirements. People living in such areas started to migrate from these villages in need of food and water. The chapter focuses on few case studies of drought prone areas of Western Maharashtra which made a move towards sustainability and has created an excellent model of watershed projects. Several practices like ban on cutting trees, terrace farming, contour bunding, drip irrigation, sprinkle irrigation, introduction of cooking stoves, rotational grazing, efficient water distribution and change in cultivation of agricultural crops according to the climate were followed which led the village to become a model for Aadarsh Gaon (An Ideal Village). The author has used secondary data from previous research work and critically analyses the case studies on water management in drought prone areas of Western Maharashtra which managed to become a model for sustainable use of water.
Advanced Nanomaterials for the Removal of Chemical Substances and Microbes From Contaminated and Waste Water
Authors: Shrivas Kamlesh , Ghosale Archana , Maji Pathik
Published: November 2019

The development of cost-effective, efficient and stable materials helps to provide the affordable solutions to get safe and fresh water to increasing population with health guidelines of emerging contaminants. Nanomaterials (NMs)-based techniques involve the design, synthesis, manipulation, characterization and exploitation of materials for adsorption and separation of target species from the contaminated and waste water. NMs show better adsorption capacity and catalytic for number chemical species and microbes because of their small size and large surface area that favors the purification and treatment of waste or contaminated environmental water. Here, we present the chemical properties, adsorption/removal mechanism and applications of advanced NMs such as magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene and graphene oxide (GO), titanium oxide (TiO2), silica (SiO2), silver (Ag), gold (Au) NPs and zeolites in effective and efficient removal of toxic metal ions, organic and inorganic chemical substances and disease-causing microbes from contaminated and wastewater.
Government's Role in Setting Optimal Policies for Green Supply Chain
Authors: Sabat Kalicharan
Published: November 2019

In the last two decades lot of research was done in the area of Green design and Green supply chain management. But very few researchers have really tried to study the government's role in the implementation of Green designs and Green supply chain in any nation. In this paper simple general equilibrium model is used to analyze the benefits from taxes, and subsidies by government for green disposal efforts such as waste reduction, waste recycle, remanufacturing, and disposal on both the manufacturers and household consumers.
Toward Achieving Environmental Sustainability in the Computer Industry
Authors: Rahman Nayem
Published: November 2019

The computer industry has come under increasing scrutiny in terms of energy consumption, the carbon emissions and e-waste. Shipment of e-waste to developing countries where it is often disposed of in unsafe ways is another major issue. Organizations and individuals have a tendency to throw away or store their aging computer technology assets which is not environmentally sustainable and or cost effective. Implementation of an end-to-end computer and related products' sustainability management strategy by incorporating the reuse of existing technology can make a major impact on the environment. Computer industry sustainability management includes design and development of energy efficient computer products, refurbishing of computer assets, purchasing of green or refurbished components and providing sustainability metrics procedures. By implementing sustainability programs, organizations can contribute in reducing the amount of energy spent to develop new computer technology products, help in reducing carbon emission, keep e-waste out of landfills and recycle them. This paper discusses different aspects of sustainable computer industry program and proposes that computer makers take ownership of disposing of e-waste by following safety standards. The paper also proposes adopting reverse supply chain process for possible reuse, recycle or disposal of computers.
Remanufacturing, an Added Value Product Recovery Strategy
Authors: Corum Adnan
Published: November 2019

Organizations offer a variety of products to the market with affordable prices. The popularity of a product rapidly disappears with the introduction of a new one and consequently end-of-life products and waste disposal rates increase. In the past, there were not strict regulations and sufficient public awareness about the disposal of products. Companies had limited concern for the consequences of their products sold. Nowadays there are economical and environmental motivations for organizations to look for alternative ways to value their end-of-life products. For that reason, alternative means of disposals of these products such as recycling, direct reuse, repair, refurbishing, and remanufacturing have growing attention. Among these only in remanufacturing used products are brought at least to the original equipment manufacturer performance specification. Worn-out parts are removed and replaced. It conserves the product identity and seeks to bring the product back into like-new condition. In this chapter the features of remanufacturing is presented.
Nanotechnology for Filtration-Based Point-of-Use Water Treatment
Authors: Nunnelley Kathryn Gwenyth , Smith James A
Published: November 2019

With significant infrastructure investments required for centralized water treatment, in home treatment technologies, known as point-of-use, have become a popular solution in the developing world. This review discusses current filtration-based point-of-use water treatment technologies in three major categories: ceramics, papers and textiles. Each of these categories has used silver for added antimicrobial effectiveness. Ceramics have had the most development and market infiltration, while filter papers are a new development. Textiles show promise for future research as a cheap, socially acceptable, and effective method. Also, a new method of silver incorporation in ceramics is explored.
Novel Bioremediation Methods in Waste Management
Authors: Gupta Charu , Prakash Dhan
Published: November 2019

Bioremediation technologies are one of the novel methods in the field of waste and environment management and are presently gaining immense credibility for being eco-compatible. Bioremediation using microbes has been well accepted as an environment friendly and economical treatment method for disposal of hazardous petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated waste (oily waste). Besides this, earthworms can be used to extract toxic heavy metals, including cadmium and lead, from solid waste from domestic refuse collection and waste from vegetable and flower markets. Other novel methods used recently for treatment of wastes are plasma incineration or plasma assisted gasification and pyrolysis technology. The technologies applied for conditioning include ultrasonic degradation, chemical degradation, enzyme addition, electro-coagulation and biological cell destruction. Genetic engineering is another method for improving bioremediation of heavy metals and organic pollutants. Transgenic plants and associated bacteria constitute a new generation of genetically modified organisms for bioremediation.
Supporting Self-Directed Vocabulary Study: Towards Effective Design of OERs for Mobile Learning Environments
Authors: Barth Ingrid , Zou Bin , Spector-Cohen Elana , Sitman Rosalie
Published: November 2019

Although open educational resources (OERs) can help bridge high-school – university vocabulary gaps, optimal utilization of OERs requires effective self-directed learning. This bi-national two-year study adopted a design-based research paradigm to collect Chinese university students' (n = 358) perceptions regarding design factors that support self-directed vocabulary learning in mobile learning environments (MLEs). Results showed that additional scaffolding after Year One in the form of L1 translations of high-frequency academic words significantly correlated with improved performance on basic level vocabulary exercises and pop quizzes. However, results suggest that moving mobile learning into the mainstream will require (1) design features that provide additional scaffolding for more complex vocabulary learning, (2) clearer guidelines for students on integrating desktop and mobile devices and (3) ongoing guidance from teachers to develop students' capacity for self-directed learning to ensure optimal benefit from independent study of vocabulary OERs.
An Investigation of Social Networking Sites for Language Learning and the User Experience
Authors: Saona-Vallejos Miguel , Thomas Michael
Published: November 2019

This chapter investigates the user experience of the language learning platform Busuu as a tool for learning Spanish as a Foreign Language (SFL). Social constructionism has been highlighted by previous research as the theory on which Busuu is based, however, Álvarez concluded that Busuu constitutes an ecological system of nested semiotic spaces where pedagogical elements and principles from different theories of language learning interweave in complementary ways. Following a review of existing research, the chapter analyses data arising from a study involving a mixed group of university students who used the premium version of Busuu for four weeks. Data were collected via pre- and post-tests, a user experience questionnaire, and individual interviews, and were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Findings suggest that Busuu did not fully satisfy the requirements of a social network in terms of ease of participation, communication, and collaboration. Further research is required to explore the implications of usability testing for the design of effective SNSLL.
Avatar Teaching and Learning
Authors: Lawrence Geoff , Ahmed Farhana
Published: November 2019

This chapter examines the pedagogical potential of immersive social virtual worlds (SVWs) in language teaching and learning. Recognizing the language learning affordances of immersive virtual environments, this research examines a study analyzing the beliefs and practices of ‘Karelia Kondor', an avatar-learner and teacher of languages with a decade of diverse experiences in Second Life (SL), one of the first widely used SVWs. Findings highlight the relevance of a hyper-immersive and emotionally engaging conceptual model informing language teaching approaches within these rapidly evolving environments. When supported pedagogically, the activities illustrated demonstrate the potential of these immersive approaches to create communities of practice and affinity spaces by fostering investment and autonomy in the language learning process through shared target language experiences. The chapter concludes with a summary of pedagogical insights to inform the use of these hyper-immersive environments in language teaching and learning.
The Process of Modernization of the Public Accounting Systems in the Central American Countries
Authors: Araya-Leandro Carlos Eduardo , Caba-Pérez Maria del Carmen , López-Hernández Antonio Manuel
Published: November 2019

With the purpose of increasing the quality of public financial information, improving decision-making, transparency and accountability processes, the countries of the Central American region have made substantial efforts to improve their governmental accounting systems. For this reason, most countries have chosen to implement the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) issued by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC). This process has been enhanced by the impulse of international financial organizations that aim to these countries advancing their government financial management practices. In this context, the objective of this research is to define the IPSAS implementation processes in the countries of Central America as well as to analyze the main elements of the environment that are in favor or against this process, as indicated by Professor Lüder's Contingency Model.
The Implementation of Internal Control in the Financial Services Expenditure in a Hospital Department
Authors: Morim Ana Cristina Vaz Pires , Inácio Helena , Vieira Elisabete
Published: November 2019

The interest on internal control (IC) is increasing in the last years, namely in the public administration, including the hospitals. It is an instrument of management, administration, and control for assuring the organization's objectives in reliable financial reporting, operational effectiveness and efficiency, and compliance of laws, regulations, and policies, involving the controls risks. Better IC should yield more reliable on internal data, which lead to better internal decision-making. It then mitigates the risk of fraud. This study analyzes existing procedures and controls in the expenditure department of a public hospital, considering the human, material, and technical resources available to the systematization of effective control practices and the identification of key IC vulnerabilities. Thus, the authors use interviews and documentary analysis between December 2014 and 2015, proposing actions to mitigate the procedures vulnerabilities and a structure for an IC manual as a tool to promote the legality and efficiency of the management of public funds, as well as to prevent fraud.
Artificial Intelligence in Aviation Industries
Authors: Shmelova Tetiana , Sterenharz Arnold , Dolgikh Serge
Published: November 2019

This chapter presents opportunities to use Artificial Intelligence (AI) in aviation and aerospace industries. The AI used an innovative technology for improving the effectiveness of building aviation systems in each stage of the lifecycle for enhancing the security of aviation systems and the characteristic ability to learn, improve, and predict difficult situations. The AI is presented in Air Navigation Sociotechnical system (ANSTS) because the activity of ANSTS, is accompanied by a high degree of risk of causing catastrophic outcomes. The operator's models of decision making in AI systems are presented such as Expert Systems, Decision Support Systems for pilots of manned and unmanned aircraft, air traffic controllers, engineers, etc. The quality of operator's decisions depends on the development and use of innovative technology of AI and related fields (Big Data, Data Mining, Multicriteria Decision Analysis, Collaboration Decision Making, Blockchain, Artificial Neural Network, etc.).
Methods for Assessing the Glissade Entrance Quality by the Crew
Authors: Hryshchenko Yurii , Romanenko Viktor , Pipa Daria
Published: November 2019

This chapter proposes methods for assessing the quality of entry into the glide path using autocorrelation functions and regarding the psycho-physiological state of the human operator. This is due to the possible increase in the psycho-physiological tension of a human operator in special flight situations. The analysis of the pilot's ability to control the trajectory of the aircraft is presented. A method for alerting the crew about the failure in the system for obtaining data on the angle of attack and airspeed to prevent non-coordinated turn is given. The majority of the calculations are based on the method of determining the correlation fields during the flight.
Ensuring the Guaranteed Level of Flight Safety
Authors: Kharchenko Volodimir , Alexeiev Oleh
Published: November 2019

This chapter presents a methodology for the determination of the guaranteed level of flights safety. Purpose of the methodology consists in association in the only complex of tasks of assessment, providing verification of safety aviation activities as a complex hierarchical structure with independent critical elements and also hardware, program, network, and ergatic component which are both means, and subject to safety. The realization of ensuring the guaranteed result consists in realization of management processes so as not to allow transition of infrastructure or its systems to potentially dangerous state and to provide blocking (exception) of the corresponding technical object in case of threat of transition or upon transition to a dangerous state and minimization of consequences of such transition.
Life Skills in University Curricula
Authors: Nagarajah Janaronson , Mejer Jagmohan Singh , See Nancy Lee Ming
Published: November 2019

Recognizing that emotional intelligence (EI) skills are vital in supporting students' personal and professional success, two Life Skills modules have been embedded as compulsory Life Skills Programme for all first-year students in the Taylor's Curriculum Framework. This is in response to the Fourth Industrial Revolution where the rapid advancement of technologies requires more human skills than ever before in job employment. Also, students entering universities face huge challenges in their transition, and the inability to cope will result in stress and mental health issues. This chapter describes the development and implementation of an experiential learning approach for a set of Life Skills courses. Commentary from students yielded important insights into their learning where 87% of students found the programme beneficial for their personal and social development. The findings highlight that universities can make conscious decisions to embed affective attributes in their curriculum to enhance student's overall wellbeing.
Assisting Peer Learning Performance Using Online Collaborative Tools in Virtual Learning Environments
Authors: Lim Chee Leong , Jalil Habibah Ab , Ma'rof Aini Marina , Saad Wan Zuhainis
Published: November 2019

Assisting peer learning performance through behaviour of teaching for learning is not a novel idea. In most learning environments, students have been supporting one another regardless of the involvement of their teachers. However, though the potential of peer learning has been realized, it is often introduced in unintentional way, without much consideration of their implications in different learning environments. In the virtual learning environment (VLE), especially, the application of peeragogy is imperative as the online knowledge is mainly generated through peer-to-peer learning and collaboration. Therefore, it is timely to explore how to embrace online collaborative tools in facilitating online peer learning. Three emerging online collaborative tools (workshop, wiki, and database) are discussed in this chapter with focus on the strategies and ideas to assist peer learning performance in VLEs. Checklist related to selecting the most effective collaborative tools according to the diverse pedagogical requirements is also provided.
Promoting Role-Play Simulation Activities in Science-Based Modules
Authors: Wei Lai Zee , Yap Wei Hsum
Published: November 2019

Educators are facing the challenge of selecting appropriate tools that ensure positive learning outcomes and quality of learning compared to traditional classroom settings. Role-playing simulation is an exciting and motivating tool for engaging students in the activities that are to be presented in the classroom. This study aimed to demonstrate that role-playing simulation activities are a unique and creative tool in science-based modules and how to deploy this student-centred approach that empowers students to take learning into their own hands and apply it in an engaging context. Two science-based modules are selected for implementation of role-play and simulation activities. In these activities, students take on different roles, assuming the profile of a character or personality, to interact and participate in diverse and complex learning settings. Overall, student feedback was positive. Students can apply what they have learnt, create new connections, and reinforce the core concepts by putting them into practice in a fun and engaging context.
A Research Synthesis of the Real Value of Self-Proclaimed Mobile Educational Applications for Young Children
Authors: Papadakis Stamatios , Kalogiannakis Michail
Published: November 2019

Mobile devices are the preferred media choice for children, and their massive worldwide use has driven a new generation of software called mobile applications or apps for use in the educational context. But, while there has been an explosion of apps that are claimed to be educational for young children, there are large distinctions between the quality of the apps. Even though apps may provide an active, enjoyable, and engaging context, the question is whether they are attuned to children's educational needs. This study performed a meta-analysis and research synthesis of 22 studies published 2011 to 2019. In the study, journal articles and conference papers in the English language published during the period 2010-2019 were coded and analyzed. The findings provide evidence that very few of these so-called “educational” apps that have been evaluated and tested can promote children's intelligence and improve their learning performance.
Teaching Natural Sciences to Kindergarten Students Using Tablets
Authors: Fokides Emmanuel , Zachristou Dimitra
Published: November 2019

The chapter presents the results of a project in which tablets were used for teaching natural sciences to kindergarten students. The classification of animals depending on certain characteristics was the subject matter. Forty-five students participated, divided into three groups. The first used printed material, the second used computers and webpages, and the third used tablets and AR applications. Bybee's 5Es provided the teaching framework for all groups. Data were collected using evaluation sheets and structured interviews. The students in the tablets' group performed better in all the evaluation sheets compared to the ones who were taught using printed material, but there were no statistically significant differences compared to the computers' group. A positive impact on motivation and enjoyment was noted in the tablets' group. Thus, it can be concluded that tablets are an interesting alternative teaching tool for very young students. Implications for research and practice are also discussed.
Apps to Promote Computational Thinking Concepts and Coding Skills in Children of Preschool and Pre-Primary School Age
Authors: Papadakis Stamatios
Published: November 2019

A decade ago, Computational Thinking (CT) and coding were typically considered part of the secondary education programs, as the focus was on programming and algorithm development. The early childhood classroom was not exactly the area expected to find students-developed coding skills. But as has been the case lately, CT and coding have been characterized as fundamental skills of the 21st century, not only for computer scientists but for all citizens. Yet, through the application of developmentally appropriate technologies, the development of coding skills is increasingly possible, and the result may be the advancement of CT fluency or at least familiarity in young age children. Given the enormous success of smart mobile devices and accompanying mobile apps the rationale for this chapter is to investigate if there are apps that provide the children of preschool and pre-primary school age with opportunities to cultivate their foundational coding and CT skills.
Gamifying Children's Linguistic Intelligence With the Duolingo App
Authors: Fadhli Muhibuddin , Sukirman Sukirman , Ulfa Saida , Susanto Happy , Syam Aldo Redho
Published: November 2019

This chapter discusses the use of Duolingo App to enhance children's linguistic intelligence. Linguistic intelligence is expertise in applying vocabularies effectively and efficiently. Duolingo is an application based on the Android platform which helps children mastering other languages that they can practice speaking, reading, listening, and writing through a play. Children in early childhood are in the period of ‘playing' spontaneously. They will do activities of playing without any instruction from others. The activity of playing naturally will stimulate the aspects of linguistic and symbolic that this development is closely related to learning to speak by involving the ability to vocalize. The use of this application will implement toward gamification method. Gamification uses game-based mechanics, aesthetics, and game thinking to engage people, motivate action, promote learning, and solve problems. This chapter provides an illustration that gamification can be used specifically in stimulating linguistic intelligence based on a case study in Indonesia.
Investigating the Factors Influencing Pre-Service Teachers' Acceptance to Use Mobile Devices for Learning
Authors: Zacharis Georgios K.
Published: November 2019

This chapter determines the factors that significantly influence pre-service teachers' acceptance to use mobile devices as resources for learning in a university context. Based on the methodological framework of the UTAUT, a modified contextualized model of evaluation was created. A data collection instrument was designed, validated contextually, and optimized for mobile learning in higher education. A total of 320 Greek university students from a Faculty of Education participated in the study. Results demonstrated that the instrument constructed showed a notable internal consistency, with a high validity for data collection in 8 of its 9 factors. Results indicated Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions, Hedonic Motivation, and Empowerment in Learning as factors which affected participants' Behavioral Intention to use mobile technology for learning. Behavioral Intention, Social Influence and Empowerment in Learning affected university students' behavior to use mobile devices for learning.
Preschool Children's Use of Tablet at Home and Parents' Views
Authors: Nikolopoulou Kleopatra
Published: November 2019

This chapter investigated young children's use of tablets at home and parents' views on tablet benefits and their concerns. A questionnaire was completed by the parents of 100 children aged 4-6. Young children engage in a range of activities such as playing games (76%), watching cartoons (75%), listening to music (65%), watching videos (60%), and using educational apps (54%). Fewer children look at pictures/photos/books or take pictures, while visiting websites and using email are never carried out by most of the children. Gender and age had an occasional isolated impact on children's tablet activities. 4-5 year olds tend to do tablet activities with an adult, while 5.5-6.5 year olds with siblings or alone. Most parents “agree and strongly agree” that tablets “teach basic technology skills” (85%), “teach foreign languages”, and “can make learning fun”. The parents' main concerns included dependence, reduction of communication, and inappropriate content. Implications regarding links between home and kindergarten are discussed.
Fitness Revisited
Authors: Dimitropoulos Angelos
Published: November 2019

Technology can be seen everywhere in sports. From the shoes that students wear to the sports equipment used for physical activity. Sports organizations nowadays spend thousands in promoting latest technologies to enhance sports performance. Technology is changing the way that athletes train: they now have the chance to improve their technique and their skills by using mobile applications and gadgets that help them boost their fitness levels and take one's workout to the next level. This chapter describes ways that students in the ACS Athens i2Flex fitness class explore physical activity by using the power of new and emerging technologies, and mobile learning, while at the same time eliminating concerns about giving up activity time for some kind of online alternative.
Researching Mobile-Assisted English Language Learning Among Adult Distance Learners in China
Authors: Kan Qian , Tang Jinlan
Published: November 2019

Guided by the conceptual framework for next generation designs for mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) in informal setting, our study investigates how mobile devices impact the learning practices and habits amongst adult distant learners of English at a higher education institution in China. Data sources include quantitative data of 148 completed responses to an online survey and qualitative data from follow-up email interviews. The study demonstrates that students' main motivation for engaging in mobile assisted English learning is to fill in the gaps in their daily schedule in order to maximize available time, and the majority use mobile devices to support formal course learning. The skills and knowledge areas practiced with mobile devices are listening, followed by speaking and pronunciation, vocabulary, reading, and translation. Our study also reveals that teachers play a very limited role as perceived by students, while students expect more support from teachers for their out-of-class hour mobile assisted language learning. The research findings bear significant pedagogical implications in terms of integrating MALL into language learning curriculum, learner support and the need for continuous teacher training.
Learners-Mobile Interaction
Authors: Kelebeng Kushatha , Mlalazi Rebaone , Gosekwang Keorapetse , Phalaagae Pendukeni , Mangwa Tebogo , Kebonang Tebogo , Morapedi Thotobolo
Published: November 2019

The increasing demand for education in African continent has motivated more research in mobile learning to describe, explain and predict changes and chances in leveraging mobile technology to learn anytime and anywhere. Mobile technologies provide learning beyond the classroom walls where learners can have access to resources according to their needs without involving teachers. In developing countries like Africa, mobile learning is still gaining its ground and remains under-studied. With technological advancements and high usage of mobile phones in Africa, the educational horizon has broadened. Mobile learning plays a major role in delivering education in Africa. The rapid use of mobile devices in mobile learning projects in Africa confirm that mobile learning is transforming the traditional way of learning, teaching and delivery of education by integrating social media and advanced mobile technologies in education. After a critical look at the current status as well as the latest development in mobile learning, this chapter presents a road map of m-learning to guide future action and thinking of learners, teachers and institutions in Africa. It also tracks trends and their impact, key theories and key findings of mobile learning. The current chapter ends with a critical analysis of technologies and key theories that can contribute to the sustenance of mobile learning in the African continent.
Mobile Application Development by Students to Support Student Learning
Authors: Dekhane Sonal , Tsoi Mai Yin , Johnson Cynthia
Published: November 2019

The ubiquity of mobile devices, their portability and their unique gesture recognition features make them an apt educational tool, especially in the STEM fields. The traditional pen and paper practice method can be transferred to a digital format and the content can be made available to students anywhere and at any time. In this chapter the authors discuss how mobile application development projects can be used to benefit students in multiple STEM disciplines at the same time by creating a symbiotic, business-like relationship between students enrolled in a software development course and students in other STEM courses (end-users). The authors will discuss the learning needs of students and the details of thoughtful mobile application design incorporating various learning theories. This chapter will also discuss various examples of educational mobile apps created, their usability testing results and their effect on student learning.
A New Educational Mobile Devices Platform for Social Inclusion in Tanzania
Authors: Mtenzi Fredrick Japhet
Published: November 2019

It is evident that advances in technology has led to improvement in societal wellbeing. In this paper we demonstrate how mobile phones are used in providing reliable and quality education to students in disadvantaged areas of Tanzania. The main contribution is on leveraging on the success that Tanzania has had on using mobile banking to the un-banked population. These lessons are adapted to the education sector, where clever/smart integration of existing disruptive technologies such as mobile phones and social networks are be used to provide access to high quality educational contents. Further, the paper shows how educational content can be localized/adopted with a view of empowering teachers and the educational needs of students. The central piece of the proposed system is the ability to add, share and reduce the amount of redundancy. Finally, the author reports on the implementation of the system in a community project in rural Tanzania.
Benefits of Effective Utilization of Mobile Technologies and Inquiry-Based Teaching Methods in University of Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Yusuf M.O. , Lawal Bolanle Idayat , Oyewusi Mary Bose
Published: November 2019

This article examines the benefits of effective utilization of mobile technologies and inquiry-based teaching methods in Nigerian universities. Specifically, the study explores the techniques that guide undergraduate students to learn with digital support from mobile devices and wireless communication during their classroom activities and outside the classroom with use of PDF and WAP technology. This research uses mobile phones because of its easy accessibility to students and lecturers. The researchers are interested in finding out the benefit of effective use of mobile technology in teaching and learning, identifying types of mobile application used by students and examining the time spent on effective learning by students and benefits of receiving classroom material through pdf and WAP technology. Four research questions were raised, and 80 undergraduate students participated in the study. The research design was a descriptive survey, and frequency count, simple percentage and mean score were used for the research analysis. It was revealed that students always use their mobile phones for academic purposes and academic performances of students have been improved through the use of mobile phones to solve classroom questions. The time spent on using mobile phones for learning process was also unveiled and recommendations were made based on the researchers' findings.