bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fruitful cooperation in space exploration between Lavochkin Association, JSC and Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Боровин Г.К. , Голубев Ю.Ф. , Грушевский А.В. , Заславский Г.С. , Лавренов С.М. , Степаньянц В.А. , Тучин А.Г. , Тучин Д.А.
Published: July 2024

Статья написана к 85-летию акционерного общества «Научно-производственное объединение им. С.А. Лавочкина». Приводится обзор основных результатов сотрудничества НПО им. С.А. Лавочкина и ИПМ им. М.В. Келдыша РАН в области исследования Луны, Солнечной системы и Вселенной. Представлены выполненные, текущие и перспективные космические проекты.

The article was written for the 85th anniversary of Lavochkin assotiation. An overview of the main results of cooperation between Lavochkin assotiation and Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of RAS in the field of research of the Moon, the Solar system and the Universe. Completed, current and prospective space projects are presented.
THE CONCORD OF THE LAVOCHKIN ASSOCIATION AND THE KELDYSH RESEARCH CENTER – YESTERDAY, TODAY, TOMORROW
Authors: Кошлаков В.В.
Published: July 2024

Представлен обзор основных результатов тесного взаимодействия НПО имени С.А. Лавочкина и Исследовательского центра имени М.В. Келдыша при создании авиационной, ракетной и космической техники. Намечены пути дальнейшего плодотворного сотрудничества.

An overview of the main results of close interaction between the Lavochkin Association and the Keldysh Research Center in creating aviation, rocket and space technics is presented. Ways of a further fruitful cooperation are outlined.
Guidance, Navigation and Control (GNC) systems created by NPCAP JSC for the projects of Lavochkin Association
Authors: Дишель В.Д. , Елисеева М.А. , Мулюкин А.М. , Сапожников А.И. , Симаков М.Л.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлен обзор систем управления АО «НПЦАП» им. академика Н.А. Пилюгина для автоматических межпланетных станций, обеспечивших успешные полёты АМС на Луну, Венеру, Марс, а также разгонных блоков производства АО «НПО Лавочкина»; даётся обзор совместных перспективных проектов.

The article presents an overview of the GNC systems created by NPCAP JSC for automatic interplanetary stations, provided successful flights to the Moon, Venus, Mars and also Upper Stages, produced by Lavochkin Association. The article presents an overview of prospective projects.
Project of an ultralight-class launch vehicle of Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Authors: Соболев И.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматривается концептуальный облик ракеты-носителя сверхлёгкого класса (РН СЛК), предложенной рабочей группой МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана в рамках Первого конкурса концепций разгонного блока и РН СЛК, который проводился в 2021 году аналитическим центром «Аэронет». Изложены и обоснованы предлагавшиеся в рамках проекта подходы к проектированию, приведены основные характеристики ракеты-носителя и двигательной установки, а также предложены варианты дальнейшего развития проекта

The proposed work considers the conceptual appearance of an ultralight-class launch vehicle (UCLV) proposed by the working group of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University during the First competition for the concepts of the upper stage and the ultralight-class launch vehicle, which was held in 2021 by the Aeronet analytical center. The proposed design approaches are described and justified, the main characteristics of the launch vehicle and the propulsion system are given, and variants of the further project development
Methods of planetary protection requirements fulfillment at the stages of assembly and testing of the SC with Martian landing module
Authors: Захаренко Д.В.
Published: July 2024

В работе представлены основные требования по планетарной защите при подготовке марсианской миссии и описаны мероприятия по их выполнению на различных этапах сборки и испытаний марсианского десантного модуля (ДМ). Автор в данной статье аккумулирует опыт применения существующих технических решений и методов по планетарной защите в технологическом процессе создания ДМ

The article presents the basic planetary protection requirements in the preparation of the Martian mission and describes the activity for their implementation at various stages of assembly and testing of the Martian landing module. In this article author accumulates the experience of application of planetary protection technical solutions and methods in technological process of creating descent module
Initiation device with fuse and actuator mechanism for aircraft automatic control systems
Authors: Загарских В.И. , Кузин Е.Н. , Ефанов В.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрены конструктивные особенности построения предохранительно-пусковых устройств, применяемых в изделиях ракетно-космической техники. Отмечены недостатки устройств подобного типа, предложена конструкция нового средства инициирования с предохранительно- исполнительным механизмом для систем автоматики.

The article discusses the structural features of the design of fuse and actuator mechanism used in rocket and space technology products. The disadvantages of the units of this type are noted, the design of a new initiation with a fuse and actuator mechanism for automated control systems is proposed.
Models and algorithms for internal adaptation of rocket and space complexes in conditions of natural degradation
Authors: Лагун А.В. , Козлов В.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье изложены способы формирования диагностических моделей технических объектов, необходимых для создания комплекса внутренней адаптации к изменению технического состояния ракетно-космических комплексов. В процессе эксплуатации и в условиях деградации определены возможности мониторинга элементов ракетно-космического комплекса комплексом внутренней адаптации.

The article describes the methods of forming diagnostic models of technical objects necessary to create a complex of internal adaptation to changes in the technical condition of rocket and space complexes. During operation and in conditions of degradation, the possibilities of monitoring elements of the rocket and space complex by the internal adaptation complex have been determined.
The principle of forming test local noise-like areas on radar images by re-emitting probing signals with partial destruction of their coherence and the requirements for the accuracy of time synchronization of the repeater when solving problems of radiometric calibration of synthetic aperture radars
Authors: Ильин А.Л. , Шульженко А.В. , Шульженко А.Д.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматривается принцип формирования частичнокогерентных сигналов путём ретрансляции зондирующих импульсов радиолокаторов с синтезированной апертурой с частичным разрушением их когерентности, которые обеспечивают формирование на радиолокационных изображениях тестовых шумоподобных областей в интересах осуществления радиометрической калибровки радиолокационных средств дистанционного зондирования Земли. Обоснованы требования к точности временной синхронизации работы ретранслятора с зондирующими импульсами радиолокатора с синтезированной апертурой.

The article discusses the principle of forming partially coherent signals by relaying the probing pulses of radars with a synthesized aperture with partial destruction of their coherence, which provide the formation of test noise-like areas on radar images in the interests of radiometric calibration of radar means of remote sensing of the Earth. The requirements for the accuracy of the time synchronization of the repeater operation with the probing pulses of the synthetic aperture radar are substantiated.
Methods of adaptation of the rocket and space complex in the conditions of its internal degradation
Authors: Лагун А.В. , Козлов В.В. , Антропова А.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье описываются методы контроля технического состояния элементов ракетно-космического комплекса и его адаптации к внутренней деградации в условиях эксплуатации. Определены возможности мониторинга элементов комплекса и формирования характеристик объектов мониторинга.

The article describes the possibilities of monitoring the technical condition of the elements of the rocket and space complex and its adaptation to internal degradation under operating conditions. The possibilities of monitoring the elements of the complex and the formation of characteristics of monitoring objects are determined.
On the issue of ensuring the equilibrium stability of the manipulator links
Authors: Федорова Л.А. , Софьин А.П. , Горшков Л.К. , Уханов И.Г.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с исследованием устойчивости шарнирного манипулятора. Показано, что в равновесном состоянии манипуляторы могут иметь как устойчивые, так и неустойчивые положения. Устойчивость подвижных элементов в значительной степени влияет на качество позиционирования рабочего звена манипулятора. Анализ устойчивых состояний показывает, что на устойчивость звеньев можно влиять вовлечением в структурную схему дополнительных элементов.

The issues related to the study of stability of articulated manipulator are considered. It is shown that in the equilibrium state manipulators can have both stable and unstable positions. The assessment of stability of moving elements significantly affects the quality of positioning of the manipulator's working link. The analysis of stable states shows that stability of the links can be influenced by involvement of additional elements in structural scheme.
Analysis of trajectories launching spacecraft into high orbits of an artificial satellite of the Moon with using two-impulse braking
Authors: Гордиенко Е.C. , Ивашкин В.В. , Симонов А.В. , Розин П.Е.
Published: July 2024

Исследуется выведение космического аппарата на высокие круговые орбиты искусственного спутника Луны, которые можно использовать для построения лунной спутниковой системы. Анализ проводится в три этапа. На первом – для траекторий двухимпульсного выведения проверяется возможность достижения орбит радиусом 5 тыс. км с разными величинами конечного наклонения при учёте вариантов подлёта к Луне с севера и с юга. На втором этапе разработан алгоритм двухимпульсного выведения; в нём траектории двухимпульсного выведения получаются решением не одной двухпараметрической, а двух однопараметрических краевых задач. На третьем этапе выполнены определение и анализ двухимпульсного выведения КА на высокие круговые орбиты вокруг Луны в течение 2030 года. Приводятся численные и графические результаты

The launch of a spacecraft into high circular orbits of an artificial satellite of the Moon, which can be used to build a lunar satellite system, is considered. The analysis is carried out in three stages. At the first stage, the possibility of obtaining orbits with radius equal to 5 thousand km with different finite inclination values with taking into account the options for approaching the Moon from the North and from the South for two-impulse trajectories is considered. At the second stage, the algorithm of two-impulse transfer is developed. Here trajectories of two-impulse launch are obtained not by solving one two-parameter problem, but by solving two one-parameter problems. At the third stage, an analysis of two-impulse spacecraft's launch into high circular orbits is carried out for dates during 2030. Numerical and graphical results are presented
Generalized method of substantiation of ballistic structures of the cluster of Earth remote sensing small spacecrafts
Authors: Аверкиев Н.Ф. , Клюшников В.Ю. , Кульвиц А.В. , Житников Т.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются теоретические аспекты по обоснованию баллистических структуркластера малых космических аппаратов (МКА)дистанционного зондирования Земли. Исследуется возможность обоснования устойчивого пространственного положения МКА в составе кластера, которое обеспечит решение задачи дистанционного зондирования Земли

The article considers the theoretical aspects of the substantiation of the ballistic structures of the cluster of Earth remote sensing small spacecrafts (MKA). The article explores the possibility of substantiating of MKA stable spatial position in the cluster, which will provide a solution to the problem of Earth remote sensing
Tribological properties of gas-tight erosion-resistant aluminum oxide coating synthesized by atomic layer deposition
Authors: Блошенко А.В. , Кошлаков В.В. , Зилова О.С. , Ризаханов Р.Н. , Сигалаев С.К. , Козлов Е.Н.
Published: July 2024

В статье приведены результаты исследования комплексом физических методов нанотолщинного газонепроницаемого эрозионностойкого покрытия из оксида алюминия, полученного методом атомно-слоевого осаждения, до и после его контакта с высокотемпературной восстановительной газовой средой в течение 1500 с. Установлено, что после этого указанные покрытия не изменились. Сделан вывод о перспективности использования этих покрытий для антиэррозионной защиты поверхностей, контактирующих с высокотемпературными газовыми потоками

The article presents the results of investigation performed by the complex of physical methods of nanolayer gastight erosion-resistant aluminum oxide coating produced by atomic layer deposition before and after its contact with high-temperature reducing gas medium during 1500 seconds. It has been established that after that the mentioned coatings have not changed. It is concluded that these coatings are potential for anti-erosion protection of surfaces in contact with the high-temperature gas flows
To the question of determining the parameters of the equivalent shock impulse during testing of spacecraft
Authors: Деменко О.Г. , Бирюков А.С.
Published: July 2024

Рассматривается проблема имитации эксплуатационного ударного нагружения элементов космического аппарата (КА) при проведении его наземных испытаний на прочность. Предлагается использование одиночных механических ударов. Анализируется понятие эквивалентного механического удара. Обосновывается подход к определению величины и длительности эквивалентного удара

The problem of simulating operational shock loading of spacecraft elements during its ground strength tests is considered in this paper. It is proposed to use single mechanical shocks. The concept of equivalent mechanical impact is analyzed. Substantiates the approach to determining the magnitude and duration of an equivalent impact
Paradigm shift: development and deployment of high altitude pseudosatellites as a complementary part of «new space revolution» and «new drone revolution»
Authors: Клименко Н.Н.
Published: July 2024

Успешное применение беспилотных летательных аппаратов (БПЛА) в современных боевых действиях рассматривалось как революция в военном деле. Однако события последних лет обнажили их сильную уязвимость к воздействию интегрированных систем противовоздушной обороны (ПВО) и радиоэлектронной борьбы (РЭБ), что привело к переоценке их возможностей по решению в полном объёме не только стратегических и оперативных, но и тактических задач. Как БПЛА, так и космические аппараты (КА) оказались неспособными обеспечить целеуказания высокоточного оружия большой дальности (ВТО БД), так как они не могут постоянно и непрерывно находиться над районами особого внимания в глубине территории противника. Указанные требования могут быть обеспечены за счёт применения высотных псевдокосмических аппаратов (ПКА) с длительным нахождением в полёте, способных барражировать и «зависать» над территорией противника в течение продолжительного времени и функционировать в режиме «неморгающего глаза». Для устранения пробелов в возможностях воздушно-космических средств в статье предлагается комплементарное объединение КА, ПКА и БПЛА в «слоёную» мультиинформационную систему воздушно-космического базирования

Due to successful application of UAVs/drones in modern warfare they were often regarded as revolutionizing modern warfare. But the events in recent years revealed their high vulnerability to integrated air defense and electronic warfare systems and leads to reevaluation of their capability to perform in full not only strategic and operational missions, but tactical, as well. Both UAVs and satellites turn out incapable to provide targeting of long range precision weapons as they can’t maintain persistent station keeping over areas of interest deep in adversary’s territory. These specified requirements may be provided by high altitude long enduring HAPS capable to loiter and dwell over adversary’s territory for a long time and to operate in «unblinking eye» mode. To bridge the aforementioned gap in overhead capabilities the article suggests complementary combining of satellites, HAPS and UAVs in «layered» air and space borne multiintelligence system
Corrections of geostationary orbit eccentricity during keeping the spacecraft at a target point of location
Authors: Назаров А.Е.
Published: July 2024

Рассматриваются различные схемы проведения коррекций эксцентриситета геостационарной орбиты (ГСО) на этапе удержания космического аппарата (КА) в заданной точке «стояния». Отличие эксцентриситета от нулевого значения приводит к суточным колебаниям положения КА по долготе, что усложняет выполнение требований по высокоточному удержанию КА в заданном допустимом диапазоне удержания (ДДУ). Проведение коррекций эксцентриситета позволит минимизировать амплитуду суточных колебаний положения КА по долготе и увеличить интервал нахождения КА в ДДУ. Для рассматриваемых вариантов схем коррекции эксцентриситета приводятся алгоритмы расчёта параметров коррекции и примеры результатов расчётов в виде графиков и таблиц

Different schemes of eccentricity corrections for the geostationary orbit (GSO) at the stage of keeping the spacecraft (SC) at a target point of location are considered. The difference of eccentricity from zero value leads to diurnal variations of the spacecraft position by longitude, which complicates the fulfillment of requirements for high-precision during the keeping of the spacecraft in the target allowable holding range. The eccentricity corrections will minimize the amplitude of the diurnal variations in the spacecraft longitudinal position and increase the interval of the spacecraft holding within the allowable holding range. Algorithms for correction parameters calculating and examples of calculation results in the form of graphs and tables are given for the considered eccentricity correction schemes
Study of the influence of the electron beam welding on the heat pipe welds quality
Authors: Коржов К.Н. , Паршуков Л.И. , Соколова Ю.В.
Published: July 2024

В настоящей работе представлены результаты исследований влияния параметров электронно-лучевой сварки на соединения тепловых труб из алюминиевых сплавов. Показаны результаты новых режимов сварки применительно к тепловым трубам

The paper presents the findings of study of the electron beam welding parameters influence on the heat pipe joints made of aluminum alloys. The outcome of new welding modes as applied to heat pipes are shown
Electronic simulation and test substitution by mathematical models during alteration to the mass small spacecraft production
Authors: Черепанов Н.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы замены натурных испытаний математическим моделированием для нового класса серийных изделий и валидация новых компьютерных моделей, подтверждающих соответствие результатов численного моделирования объекта. Описан порядок валидации компьютерных моделей и типы виртуальных испытаний для элементов малоразмерных КА. Рассмотрены электронные макеты для валидации виртуальных испытаний и особенности проведения электронного моделирования на примере прочностных расчётов

The article considers the issues of in situ tests substitution by mathematical modelling for a new class of mass produced items and new computer model validation confirming the correspondence of the results of object numerical modelling. The order of the computer model validation and types of virtual tests for the parts of small spacecraft is described. The electronic mock-up models for virtual tests validation and the peculiarities of carrying out of electronic modelling using the example of the strength calculations are considered
Absorbed doses calculation based on data about charged particle fluxes from the spectrometers onboard the spacecraft flying in a Molniya-type orbit
Authors: Хамидуллина Н.М. , Власенков Е.В. , Зефиров И.В. , Тулупов В.И. , Оседло В.И.
Published: July 2024

Определение работоспособности бортовой аппаратуры (БА) при воздействии ионизирующих излучений космического пространства (ИИ КП) невозможно без корректного прогнозирования радиационных условий полёта космических аппаратов (КА) и создаваемых ими эффектов (дозовых и одиночных) на стадии проектирования. Исследование же нештатных ситуаций в период полёта желательно проводить на основании экспериментально полученных показаний приборов радиационного мониторинга – спектрометров и дозиметров. Анализ дозового эффекта, а именно определение дозовых нагрузок на бортовые устройства и аппаратуру – актуальная задача при отсутствии на борту дозиметрических приборов. Настоящая статья содержит результаты расчёта поглощённых доз по данным о потоках заряженных частиц (электронов и протонов), измеренных детекторами спектрометров, расположенных на КА, совершающего полёт по орбите типа «Молния». Сравнение полученных результатов с модельными прогностическими оценками дозовых нагрузок показало хорошую сходимость экспериментальных и модельных данных по поглощённым дозам

Determining the operability of onboard equipment (OE) under the influence of space ionizing radiation (SIR) is impossible without correct prediction of the radiation conditions of spacecraft (SC) flight and the effects they create (dose and single events) at the design stage. Analysis of emergency situations during the flight is desirable to be carried out on the basis of experimentally obtained readings of radiation monitoring devices - spectrometers and dosimeters. The analysis of the dose effect, namely, the determination of dose loads on on-board devices and equipment is an urgent task in the absence of dosimetric instruments on board. This article contains the results of the calculation of absorbed doses based on data about the fluxes of charged particles (electrons and protons) measured by the spectrometers of the spacecraft flying in a Molniya-type orbit. Comparison of the obtained results with model prognostic estimates of dose loads showed good convergence of experimental and model data on absorbed doses
Control of spacecraft surface cleanliness during thermal vacuum testing
Authors: Ященко Б.Ю. , Добрица Д.Б. , Шматов С.И.
Published: July 2024

Работа посвящена вопросам контроля уровня загрязнения поверхностей космических аппаратов (КА) и их модулей при проведении тепловакуумных испытаний (ТВИ). Приведены разработанная методика измерений и методики расчёта с использованием датчиков с чувствительным элементом в виде образцов-свидетелей из кварцевого стекла. Рассмотрены результаты измерений с помощью образцов-свидетелей загрязнения поверхностей КА, полученные после проведения ТВИ. Представлены рекомендации по снижению уровня загрязнения поверхностей КА при проведении ТВИ

The work is devoted to the issues of controlling the level of contamination of spacecraft (SC) surfaces and their modules during thermal vacuum testing (TVT). The developed methodology of measurements and calculation techniques using sensors with a sensitive element in the form of quartz glass witness samples are presented. The results of measurements with the help of specimen-witnesses of contamination of spacecraft surfaces, obtained after the TVT are considered. Recommendations on reducing the level of contamination of spacecraft surfaces during TVT are presented
Recent approaches of improvement of project management mechanisms in the rocket and space industry
Authors: Дементьева Ю.Н.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются направления совершенствования механизмов проектного управления, осуществляемых в процессе реализации заказов на предприятиях ракетно-космической промышленности. Особое внимание уделено факторам, от которых зависит эффективность управления проектов. Отмечены конкретные действия для получения конкурентных преимуществ организации при развитии системы управления. Перечислены предложения и пути по преодолению главных посылов применения проектного управления. Также учтена важность применения организационно-методического инструментария при реализации проекта

The article outlines approaches of improving the mechanisms of project management applied in the course of management activity at enterprises of the rocket and space industry. Attention is drawn to what the efficiency of project management depends on. Specific actions are noted to obtain competitive organization advantages in the development of the management system. The proposals and ways to overcome the main messages of the application of project management are listed. The importance of using organizational and methodological tools in the implementation of the project is also considered
On the issue of the optimal choice of cutting modes for machining stainless steel using liquid cutting fluids
Authors: Гайфуллин И.И. , Плаксин А.М. , Пиунов В.Ю.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрен вопрос оптимального выбора режимов резания при обработке нержавеющей стали. На большинстве предприятий аэрокосмической отрасли стоит задача выбора рациональной смазочно-охлаждающей технологической среды (СОТС) и оптимальных режимов резания под обработку с этими средами. Специалисты опытного производства НПО им. Лавочкина для решения данного вопроса подобрали несколько составов технологических сред, определили ключевые показатели процесса резания и при действии подобранных СОТС провели серию экспериментов по обработке нержавеющей стали. Лезвийную обработку проводили в широком диапазоне режимов резания на металлорежущем оборудовании опытного производства. Эмпирические данные обработаны методом анализа иерархий (AHP) многокритериального анализа решений. Получена методика выбора оптимальных режимов резания, учитывающая влияние смазочно-охлаждающих технологических сред на процесс резания

The article deals with the issue of optimal selection of cutting modes for machining stainless steel. At the majority of enterprises of aerospace industry, there is a task of choosing rational cutting fluid and optimum cutting modes for machining with these media. Specialists of Lavochkin NPO pilot production have selected several compositions of fluids to solve this issue. They determined key indicators of cutting process and conducted a series of experiments on stainless steel machining under the action of selected cutting fluid. Blade machining was carried out in a wide range of cutting modes on metal-cutting equipment of pilot production. Empirical data were processed by AHP method of multicriteria decision analysis. A methodology for selecting the optimum cutting modes, which considers the influence of lubricating and cutting fluid on the cutting process, has been obtained. Key words: cutting mode; effect of cutting fluid; stainless steel; AHP method
عمليات التلقيح وتنظيم المجال بتراب إقليم تازة – المغرب
Authors: بوبرية عبدالواحد , حميمي عبدالحفيظ , أبهرور محمد , الرفيق محمد
Published: July 2024

في مارس 2020، صنّفت منظمة الصحة العالمية كوفيد-19 كجائحة. أثّرت هذه الأزمة العالمية على كل بلد، بما في ذلك المغرب. في هذا السياق، خدمت محافظة تازة كمعمل علمي لمعالجة قضية اجتماعية بمنهجية مكانية ومنهجية، خاصةً بالتركيز على تنظيم عملية التطعيم. هدفنا كان معالجة قضية التطعيم وتنظيم الميدان من خلال دراسة التقسيمات الإقليمية كآلية لتحقيق العدالة الاجتماعية. بحثنا استكشف هياكل التطعيم والفئات المستهدفة. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تتبعنا التطور الزمني لعمليات التطعيم داخل منطقة الدراسة. واعتبرنا هذه العمليات ضرورية لسكان المنطقة لتخفيف المخاطر وتأثيرات كوفيد-19. يُعتبر هذا المقال نتيجة لجهود مشتركة مع المركز الوطني للبحث العلمي والتقني (CNRST)، في إطار مشاريع بحثية تتناول الآثار الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والمكانية لكوفيد-19.
Ovarian Torsion in Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Albadrani Yasmeen Hassan
Published: July 2024

The ovary's Torsion is the adnexa's total or partial rotation around its vascular axis or pedicle. Although the exact etiology is unknown, common predisposing factors include a moderately sized cyst, free mobility, and a long pedicle. Torsion of ovarian tumours predominantly occurs in the reproductive age group. Most cases are presented in pregnant women (22.7%) compared to non-pregnant women (6.1%). Here, we report a case of ovarian torsion in pregnancy. Ovarian torsion is an urgent gynaecological condition that can occur during pregnancy. Surgical intervention should be considered in developing adnexal torsion regardless of gestational age.
Mechanistic Insights into Cyclodipeptide Formation by Cyclodipeptide Synthases: A Preliminary Exploration on Pathways and Catalytic Residues
Authors: Goel Akshita , Negi Indu , Pandey Ankur Ganesh , Trant John , Sharma Purshotam
Published: July 2024

Cyclodipeptide synthases (CDPSs) are enzymes that synthesize cyclodipeptides using two aminoacyl-tRNAs as substrates, but their mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of AlbC, a CDPS that produces cyclo(L-Phe-L-Phe). We employed small-model quantum mechanics (QM) calculations to propose an intrinsic pathway and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to identify key catalytic residues involved in this process. The mechanism involves three main steps: activation of Ser37 and the first tRNAPhe to form a Phe-enzyme intermediate, binding of the second tRNAPhe to form a dipeptidyl enzyme intermediate, and intramolecular cyclization to yield the cyclodipeptide. Our QM calculations suggest that Ser37 can be activated through direct transfer of its hydroxyl proton to the O3’ atom of the first substrate. MD simulations highlight the roles of Gly35, Asn40, and His203 in stabilizing the Phe-enzyme intermediate, thus lowering the calculated intrinsic barrier. In the second step, the dipeptidyl enzyme intermediate is favored over the nucleoside intermediate and is stabilized by Asn40, Gln182, and His203 in the AlbC active site, where Gln182 may act as a catalytic base. Additionally, Asn159 and His203 contribute to lowering the significant energy barrier observed in QM calculations for intramolecular cyclization, with Glu182 potentially serving as a catalytic base during this process. Overall, our results support the roles of Asn40 and His203 throughout all mechanistic steps, while highlighting Glu182's involvement in the formation of the dipeptidyl enzyme intermediate and intramolecular cyclization steps. These insights can guide future enzymatic modeling studies of AlbC and potentially other CDPS enzymes using similar approaches.
Hydrazide-based class I HDAC inhibitors with HDAC3 preference completely reverse chemoresistance in a synergistic manner in platinum-resistant solid cancer cells
Authors: Kraft Fabian B. , Biermann Lukas , Schäker-Hübner Linda , Hanl Maria , Hamacher Alexandra , Kassack Matthias U. , Hansen Finn Kristian
Published: July 2024

In this work, we have synthesized a set of peptoid based HDACi with a substituted hydrazide moiety as zinc-binding group. Subsequently, all compounds were evaluated in biochemical HDAC inhibition assays and for their antiproliferative activity against native and cisplatin-resistant cancer cell lines. The hydrazide derivatives with a propyl or butyl substituent (compounds 5 and 6) emerged as the most potent class I HDAC selective inhibitors (HDAC1-3), with low nanomolar IC50 values and a notable preference for HDAC3. Further, compounds 5 and 6 outperformed entinostat in cytotoxicity assays and were able to reverse chemoresistance in cisplatin-resistant A2780 (ovarian) and Cal27 (head-neck) cancer cell lines. Moreover, the hydrazide derivatives 5 and 6 showed strong synergism with cisplatin (combination indices < 0.2), again outperforming entinostat, and increased DNA damage, p21, and pro-apoptotic BIM expression, leading to caspase-mediated apoptosis and cell death. Thus, compounds 5 and 6 represent promising lead structures for developing new HDACi capable of reversing chemoresistance in cisplatin resistant cancer cell lines.
Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) Modeling: A translational path to brain-targeted drug delivery
Authors: Aspatwar Ashok , Bhowmik Ratul , Nath Ranajit , Satapathy Bhabani Sankar , Saha Puja , Ghosh Rajesh , Parkkila Seppo
Published: July 2024

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) modeling has been recognized as an essential tool for the planning and execution of clinical pharmacology investigations throughout the formulation development process. The utilization of PK/PD modeling to optimize dosage recommendations and therapeutic medication monitoring is on the rise, and PK/PD model-based dose individualization is going to play a crucial role in personalized medicine. In recent years, higher costs and low productivity in drug development have got a lot of attention. Fewer than 10% of innovative medications that survive clinical trials are commercialized, while many more fail in preclinical research. Based on preclinical and clinical data, the FDA now defines model-based drug development as a key tool in the assessment of therapeutic efficacy and safety of medications. As successful drug delivery to central nervous system (CNS) diseases has been a tough challenge, effective use of PK/PD models can permit merging data from clinical trials with quantified exposure and provide highly convincing explanations for disparities in the results of distinct investigations. To improve CNS therapies and drug development, details of inter-species and inter-condition variations are needed to enable target site pharmacokinetics and associated CNS effects between disease states. The present review covers the potential of PK/PD modeling in the current scenario of drug development with a special emphasis on CNS-based targeted delivery. Additionally, challenges associated with the field have also been addressed.
Ecofagia: erosão como arte ambiental canibal
Authors: Codeço Fernando
Published: July 2024

Ensaio sobre a noção de ecofagia que surge de minha observação do fenômeno da erosão marinha em Atafona como arte ambiental canibal. Observo também que a relação entre erosão e antropofagia já estava presente (ainda que de maneira sutil) no famoso ensaio Sobre os Canibais de Montaigne.
Riscos e limites das grafias coloniais:
Authors: Ceppas Filipe
Published: July 2024

Resenha do livro Corupira - Mau encontro, tradução e dívida colonial de Alexandro de Jesus. Titivillus editora, 144 págs
Neon Genesis Capital, modernidade cyberpunk e um possível aceleracionismo ecológico
Authors: Carvalho Carlos Henrique
Published: July 2024

O artigo busca traçar uma possível narrativa do Capital moderno com auxílio da mitologia inerente deste período, a ficção científica cibernética. Acoplando-se aos signos imagético-filosóficos de “máquina computador moderna”, “tecnovírus” e “ciborgue”, inicialmente descreve as mudanças das três grandes máquinas pensadas pelos filósofos Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guatarri com uma possível leitura de início da modernidade da historiadora Silvia Federici. Em seguida faz um diagnóstico do capitalismo maquínico acrescentando as contribuições do fragmento da maquinaria de Karl Marx em Grundrisse, os textos de Nick Land em sua fase no CCRU ”“ Unidade de Pesquisa Sobre Cultura Cibernética -, e por fim trata de especular uma proposição estética e ético-filosófica do ciborgue de Donna Haraway como possível agente do movimento intitulado “aceleracionismo das subjetividades” ou “aceleracionismo ecológico” e o hackeamento do Capital como fenômenos capazes de barrar o avanço virulento das velocidades capitalistas.
Morte do leiteiro
Authors: Andrade Machado Sofia
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho apresenta uma leitura do poema Morte do leiteiro (A rosa do povo, 1945), de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, com base no pensamento formulado pelo filósofo Herbert Marcuse no livro A dimensão estética. Não existe o intuito de usar a filosofia como uma chave de decifração e interpretação fechada para o poema. Pretende-se mostrar que existe uma grande afinidade entre a proposta de reformulação da estética marxista com base na crítica do marxismo ortodoxo, formulada por Marcuse e outros pensadores da Teoria crítica, e as produções artístico-literárias da fase madura do modernismo brasileiro, nas quais já existe uma estética nacional consolidada.
Sinofuturismo no Antropoceno
Authors: Carvalho Carlos Henrique
Published: July 2024

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Rumo a um Sinofuturismo Queer
Authors: Chi Ta-Wei , Heinrich Ari , Chiang Howard
Published: July 2024

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Pro-Asterion
Authors: Leão Felipe
Published: July 2024

O presente ensaio busca analisar o sinofuturismo a partir da tentativa de responder à pergunta de Galliano (2021): “qual é a cosmotécnica latino-americana?”. Para tanto, foi necessário traçar uma mitologia respectiva, que gerou uma cosmologia e, por fim, uma cosmotécnica. Possuindo uma origem ambígua e complexa, as sociedades latino-americanas buscaram “criar” sua mitologia na ficção. Por isso, foram utilizados autores que dialogam com as vanguardas futuristas de alguma maneira, quiçá sendo seus representantes à maneira latina: Mário de Andrade e Jorge Luis Borges. Em seus respectivos personagens Macunaíma e Asterion, os autores colateralmente provocaram uma identidade mitológica positiva. Utilizando a mitologia “dualista” dos latino-americanos e artigos recentes que analisam o sinofuturismo como fruto de um movimento diaspórico mais do que interno à China, propõe-se um Haiguifuturismo em seu lugar.
Do matricídio à placentação
Authors: Gabriel Alice
Published: July 2024

O presente texto, apresenta dois momentos da filosofia de Luce Irigaray: a crítica à ontologia do matricídio e a proposta de uma ontologia atenta ao processo de placentação. Para isso dois textos são evocados:  Le Corps à Corps avec la mère e À propos de l’ordre maternel. O texto acompanha as reflexões propostas pela autora belga, apontando que a atenção ao processo material de placentação pode dar origem a uma ontologia relacional que sirva de contraponto a um individualismo metafísico. Para apresentar os termos dessa oposição, o texto reflete sobre a panóptica do útero exemplificada pela imagem Spaceman de Lennart Nilsson: ao retratar o feto como um astronauta, Nilsson produz o apagamento da gestante. A figura está investida no processo de humanização do feto, e pela efetuação do matricídio como apagamento. A atenção para o processo de placentação, por outro lado, permite entender o processo coletivo de vir-a-ser. Na tensão (política) entre as duas ontologias, individualismo e relacionalidade estão em jogo e, por isso mesmo, estão também em jogo distintas formas de habitar o mundo.
questão do livro enquanto arquivo biológico
Authors: Da Mata Antônio
Published: July 2024

No alvorecer do sec. XXI Christian Bök, um poeta experimental canadense, dá início àquilo que chama de “Experimento Xenotexto”, um híbrido entre poesia e bioengenharia. O “Experimento” orquestra uma rede de agências geralmente não explícitas quando se trato do fazer literário, uma vez que Bök pretende inserir um gene artificial dentro de uma bactéria extremófila (a Deinococcus Radioduras) com a intenção de produzir um organismo não humano que seja a um só tempo capaz de armazenar e produzir um poema. Nesse artigo, gostaria de delinear um aspecto específico do projeto: aquele que se relaciona a própria noção de arquivamento. Ora, se como afirma Derrida, a estrutura arquivante determina a própria qualidade e matéria do arquivo, do que seria de um texto, e do jogo de sentidos e temporalidades que esse estabelece, quando inserido em um bactéria que provavelmente sobreviverá (literalmente) a todos os leitores humanos que jamais tenham contato com ela? O que restaria, portanto, da própria ideia de leitura (e de todo um sistema correlato, como a escritura e a autoria)? É a partir do Xenotexto, e das peculiaridades conceituais que esse propõe em relação a própria ideia de arquivo, que acredito que estaríamos diante de um tipo de Xenoescritura.
Heteronomia sem servidão e simpoiese:
Authors: Medeiros Muller Isabel
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo visa apontar significativas consonâncias entre as obras “Crítica da autonomia – liberdade como heteronomia sem servidão” escrita por Vladimir Safatle, e “Ficar com o problema – Fazer parentes no Chthuluceno” de Donna Haraway. Com intuito de amplificar a investigação relativa à inviabilidade do antropocentrismo individualista, cara à filosofia contemporânea, o texto une a prescrição feita por Haraway da impossibilidade de se pensar um humanismo autopoiético com a argumentação de Safatle acerca do esgotamento do projeto filosófico moderno de autonomia.
Are aerobic capacity, anaerobic threshold, and respiratory compensation values determinants for the time of useful consciousness at 2500 feet?
Authors: Alparslan Tuncay , Ata Nazım , Arabaci Ramiz , Şımşek Deniz , Küçük Nuran , Şenol Levent , Türk Yusuf
Published: July 2024

The higher the altitude, the higher the risk of hypoxia exposure. Good fitness status or aerobic capacity (AC) of the military or civil aviation sector and those interested in high-altitude sports have been thought of great importance to encounter hypoxic risk. It is unclear whether a difference in maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) capacity would result in differential tolerance in hypoxia responses. The present study aims to determine the relationship between AC, anaerobic threshold (AT), respiratory compensation (RC), and time of useful consciousness (TUC) of people working in the military or civil aviation sector and those interested in high-altitude sports. Eighty-seven healthy males were recruited on a volunteer basis (age = 24.2 ± 1.6 years; height = 177.0 ± 5.1 cm; weight = 76.4 ± 8.1 kg). The 25000 feet test was applied to the participants in the hypobaric chamber. During the test, participants’ TUC levels were recorded. The Bruce protocol was used for the VO2max test, and the maximal oxygen consumption value, AT, and RC regions were recorded. Participants were divided into four groups according to their VO2max values. AT and RC values were higher in the group with high VO2max, although not significant (p>.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the TUC levels of the groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups’ TUC level, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and heart rate levels (p>.05). The results clearly show that there is no significant relationship between VO2max determined on the treadmill with a gas analyzer and TUC determined in the hypobaric chamber at 25000 feet. For future studies, the relationship between anaerobic capacity and hypoxia or studies in which different physical and physiological characteristics are evaluated together in the same participants may contribute to the literature.
Strategies for a self-selected unanticipated change of direction maneuver and the risk for ACL injury
Authors: Blaschová Denisa , Jandačka Daniel , Zahradník David , Hamill Joseph
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study was twofold: 1) to qualitatively investigate the different change of direction (COD) strategies used by females in an ecological situation; and 2) to evaluate the knee internal adduction moment and knee flexion during the first 30% of support as risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury during these strategies. Ninety-four females, classified in ACTIVE and NON-ACTIVE groups performed five trials of a COD maneuver that were subsequently qualitatively evaluated. Kinematic and ground reaction force data were analyzed in the first 30% of support. To assess differences between strategies, we used a two-way repeated measures analysis of variance. Four strategies of 45° COD maneuvers were found. The different strategies involved either a cross-over with the right or left leg or had no cross-over. The statistical analysis revealed significant differences with a lesser knee internal adduction moment (p<.05) and a greater knee flexion angle during the strategies with a cross-over of the right foot compared to the other strategies (p<.05). Therefore, it is important to consider the potential effect of different strategies on ACL injury risk factors, as ACL injury risk factors may vary depending on the specific directional technique used.
Implementation of Performance Management Systems in Small Medium and Micro Enterprises
Authors: Molemi Molefi Tshepo , Takawira Oliver
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Small Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) often struggle with performance measurement which can result in a high failure rate. This study aimed to examine the role of owner-managers in understanding performance management, the implementation processes of Performance Management System (PMS), and what challenges associated with applying PMS within SMMEs they faced.  SMMEs will greatly benefit from a reliable PMS that can streamline day-to-day operations and facilitate effective decision-making through Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).
Design/Methodology/Approach: A qualitative approach was applied for the research methodology to understand the perspectives of owner-managers within SMMEs. The study employed a purposive, non-purposeful sampling technique to select twelve (12) participants. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with the participants’ consent to collect data.
Findings: The collected data was subsequently analyzed using content analysis to scrutinize and interpret the findings. The research findings of this study found that owner-managers hold a general understanding of PMSs.
Implications/Originality/Value: The implementation of PMSs in SMMEs presents a significant challenge, particularly in identifying pertinent KPIs.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Tablet-Based Assistive Technology in Saudi Special Education Settings
Authors: Khasawneh Mohamad Ahmad Saleem
Published: July 2024

This study examined the experiences of special education teachers in Saudi Arabian classrooms regarding the integration of tablet-based assistive technologies (TBAT). It explored the thoughts and issues encountered by educators, as well as the outcomes of these innovations on academic progress and functionality. The demographic of the study was a group of educators consisting of staff members with a moderate level of expertise, primarily located in high schools that serve diverse communities. The participants indicated favorable sentiments towards the advantages of TBAT, such as heightened involvement, customized learning results, and enhanced communication abilities. Nevertheless, obstacles, such as insufficient training, restricted resources, and reluctance to embrace change, were acknowledged. Correlation and regression studies demonstrate the connections between perceived advantages, difficulties, and the influence of TBAT on academic advancement, highlighting the predictive nature of educators’ opinions. Enhancing the results of special education in Saudi Arabia may be achieved by providing specialized professional development to professionals, improving technical assistance, aligning TBAT implementation guidelines with local settings, and establishing a consistent framework for continuing evaluation.