bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cervical cancer screening by co-testing method for Vietnamese women 25 to 55 years old: A Cost – Effectiveness Analysis
Authors:   Hanoi University of Public Health, Bui Thu Hien
Published: June 2023

Objective: “Cervical cancer screening by co-testing method for Vietnamese women 25 to 55 years old: a cost – effectiveness analysis”, two objectives were set as follows: (1) To conduct literature review on cost-effectiveness analysis of concurrent cervical cytology and HPV testing (co-testing) for screening cervical cancer for women worldwide to find research-based data for modeling analysis. (2) To analyze cost-effectiveness of screening cervical cancer by concurrent HPV testing and cervical cytology (co-testing) compared with cervical cytology alone for women 25 to 55 years old in Vietnam. Methods: The study applied cost-effectiveness analysis method using Markov modelling to analyze efficiency of the co-testing method in CC screening for Vietnamese women from 25 to 55 years old. Finding: CC screening by 3 times consecutive co-testing was not cost-effective compared to CC screening by 5 times cytology. In the DSA, the researcher found out that the ICER was the most sensitive of the transition probability from HPV hr(-) state to HPV hr(+) state, the prevalence of HPV hr in general women population and the number of CC screening times. This research proposed an age interval from 25 to 55 years for cervical cancer screening while national guidelines from other countries target women from 21 to 65 or even 79 years in their screening programs. The research did not consider effects from HPV vaccination on the transition probabilities of the Markov model. The 21 transition probabilities that used in the Markov model, only one assumption about the lower and upper ranges are made. Conclusions: The 3 times consecutive CC screening by the co-testing method is dominated by 5 times consecutive CC screening by the cytology method. Although the co-testing method proves being cost-effective in the second scenario under the DSA, saving ranges from 16 to 64 USD for 1 QALY gained be a considerable offer for both healthcare decision makers and users. In addition, 3 times consecutive CC screening by co-testing significantly increase referral cases and unnecessary treatment of healthy women.
Didactic audiovisual translation in language teaching: Results from TRADILEX
Authors: Fernández-Costales Alberto , Talaván Noa , Tinedo Antonio J
Published: June 2023

The current paper reports on the results of a national research project investigating the use of didactic audiovisual translation (DAT) in foreign language teaching. Although previous research in this field concludes that there are positive outcomes in students’ learning, most studies rely on small samples and analyse one language skill only. The TRADILEX project aims at examining the effect of several modes of audiovisual translation (AVT) -i.e., subtitling, dubbing, subtitling for the deaf and hard of hearing, audio description and voiceover- in oral and written skills of university students learning English as a foreign language. This article assesses the effectiveness of a didactic proposal that includes 30 lesson plans through an intervention carried out with 566 participants from eight universities in Spain. The study relies on a quantitative design, and statistical tests (descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon Test) were carried out to estimate the effect of DAT on oral and written reception and oral and written production of the students. Our results underline that there are statistically significant differences that confirm students improved in the four communicative skills in the foreign language. Besides, there is a positive evolution in students’ achievement during the study, and participants report a favourable perception of the didactic intervention.

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de un proyecto nacional sobre el uso de la traducción audiovisual didáctica (TAD) en el aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras. Si bien los resultados de investigaciones previas en este campo son favorables con respecto al desempeño académico del alumnado, la mayoría de los estudios analizan una única destreza lingüística y cuentan con muestras reducidas. El proyecto TRADILEX tiene como objetivo analizar el efecto del uso de diferentes modalidades de traducción audiovisual (TAV) (subtitulado, doblaje, subtitulado para sordos, audiodescripción y voces superpuestas) en las competencias orales y escritas del alumnado universitario que estudia inglés como lengua extranjera. El presente artículo analiza la efectividad de una propuesta didáctica que incluye 30 planes de estudio y que se analizó a través de una intervención con 566 participantes de ocho universidades españolas. La investigación toma un diseño cuantitativo en el que se realizaron pruebas estadísticas (estadísticos descriptivos y Test de Wilcoxon) para valorar el efecto de la TAD sobre las destrezas lingüísticas de recepción oral y escrita, producción oral y escrita del alumnado. Los resultados subrayan que hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas que demuestran que los participantes del estudio mejoran en las cuatro destrezas comunicativas analizadas. Además, los datos también confirman la evaluación positiva del rendimiento del alumnado en el transcurso del estudio, así como una percepción favorable de la intervención didáctica por parte de los participantes.
Les comptes rendus sur l’œuvre de Pareto de son vivant
Authors: Mornati Fiorenzo
Published: June 2023

Cet article a pour but de restituer les commentaires sur la pensée de Pareto parus de son vivant, notamment sur le Cours d’économie politique, les Systèmes socialistes, le Manuel d’économie politique et le Traité de sociologie générale. Leur examen montre que Pareto ne suscite pas, d’emblée, une grande attention, ce qui nous confirme dans l’impression que sa renommée n’a pris son envol qu’après son décès.
La critique du socialisme par Pareto : analyse scientifique ou engagement normatif ?
Authors: Demeulenaere Pierre
Published: June 2023

Pareto a consacré une grande partie de son travail à considérer qu’il n’y avait pas de validité scientifique des revendications de « devoir-être », et que l’analyse scientifique ne pouvait conduire à la promotion de certains principes normatifs au détriment d’autres. Pourtant, une partie importante de ses écrits est constituée d’une critique du socialisme et du protectionnisme, et des principes associés à ces deux modes d’organisation sociale. L’objet de cet article est d’essayer de comprendre comment s’articulent ces deux dimensions chez Pareto, afin de mettre en évidence soit la possibilité d’une complémentarité entre les deux points de vue, soit, au contraire, l’existence d’une contradiction. L’article s’orientera plutôt vers cette deuxième éventualité.
De quelques usages de l’Économie pure dans le Traité de sociologie générale de Pareto
Authors: Bridel Pascal
Published: June 2023

Cet article examine les usages faits par Pareto de sa théorie économique pure dans la construction de sa sociologie. Après une discussion des différences méthodologiques (discipline quantitative vs discipline qualitative) et de la continuité conceptuelle entre économie pure et sociologie, l’article examine la notion d’utilité (ophélimité), les parallèles entre l’équilibre économique général et l’équilibre social du Traité de sociologie générale pour finalement aborder la difficile réconciliation dans le cadre de l’économie du bien-être naissante entre l’optimum parétien et l’utilité sociale maximum. Cette contribution permet de rappeler aux économistes qu’au-delà de la « première approximation » de la théorie du choix rationnel fondée sur des agents pour lesquels la société n’est que « fonctionnelle », Pareto propose en fait une introduction à une théorie de l’action érigée au sein d’une société dans laquelle les individus font preuve d’un degré substantiel de sociabilité.
Pareto et la sociologie économique contemporaine : un « classique déclassé »
Authors: Steiner Philippe
Published: June 2023

Cet article commence par un exercice de bibliométrie montrant que Pareto est un classique déclassé, largement ignoré des sociologues économistes. Cependant, en deuxième partie, il montre que les thèmes, et certains outils, que Pareto a développés restent présents dans la sociologie économique contemporaine avec l’attention générale portée aux interrelations entre intérêt et valeurs, à la courbe de répartition des revenus et à l’interdépendance entre les phénomènes économiques et les phénomènes sociaux.
Le séminaire Schumpeter-Parsons sur « la rationalité dans les sciences sociales »
Authors: Chazel François
Published: June 2023

Cet essai critique se propose de (re)découvrir, à l’occasion de la parution très tardive de l’ensemble des contributions du séminaire Schumpeter-Parsons sur la rationalité (1939-1940) et à travers les débats et confrontations qui eurent lieu, les positions respectives de quelques figures majeures des sciences sociales et d’en réévaluer l’apport. Schumpeter y procéda à une « esquisse » de clarification conceptuelle et mit l’accent sur la distinction fondamentale entre cause effective et rationalité épistémique. Parsons s’inscrivit globalement dans la continuité de La Structure de l’action sociale, à un moment où précisément il tendait à prendre ses distances à l’égard de la conception économique de la rationalité. La communication de Schütz représenta l’intrusion d’un élément dissonant dans le séminaire, avec l’idée d’un divorce entre le niveau de la vie quotidienne et celui de la rationalité scientifique. Une esquisse rapide des développements récents ou en cours s’imposait donc : elle incite à penser que l’on assiste bien plutôt à des essais de redéfinition de la rationalité qu’à son dépassement.
La gouvernance linguistique des universités et établissements d’enseignement supérieur
Authors: Judet de La Combe Pierre
Published: June 2023

Résumé La question de l’idiome dans le milieu international de la recherche ne se limite pas à celle d’une guerre entre l’anglais et les autres langues. Si la science a pour mission de tendre vers la formulation de propositions de valeur universelle, cela n’entraîne pas automatiquement que sa langue doive être elle celle qui, pour le moment, a une extension quasi universelle. Si cette extension est seulement factuelle, historique, cela n’entraîne pas non plus que la connaissance et l’usage d’un tel idiome ne doivent pas être fortement encouragés. Il y a là des étapes à distinguer. Le travail scientifique n’est pas d’emblée sous le régime de l’universalité, il est un effort d’universalisation, différent selon les champs de recherche, selon leur degré de formalisation, à partir de représentations, d’expériences, d’idiomes particuliers. L’apprentissage, à l’Université, des compétences nécessaires à un tel travail gagne à être assuré dans la langue historique des étudiants. La communication des résultats obtenus par ce travail peut, idéalement, se faire dans n’importe quel idiome, s’il dispose des ressources requises. Quant au travail lui-même, il évolue dans un colinguisme constant entre les langues particulières, celles des chercheurs et celles de leurs objets s’il s’agit de sciences sociales et humaines, des langages conceptuels, et la langue d’usage dans la communication internationale. Aucune de ces langues n’est acquise, elles se constituent par ce travail.
Culture et plurilinguisme
Authors: Baudry Hervé
Published: June 2023

A edição bílingue é geralmente considerada como um auxiliar da aprendizagem e do aprofundamento das línguas, nomeadamente no domínio da literatura, o que tende para contemplar antes de tudo as línguas maioritárias. Por outro lado, quando se trata de línguas regionais, parecem condenadas a ficar um fenómeno ultra-marginal manifestando uma grande dependência para com a língua nacional. Portanto, é preciso valorizar o bilinguismo editorial minoritário adotando medidas visando à paridade, daí a carta para o bilinguismo editorial integral aqui proposta.
Culture et plurilinguisme
Authors: Leclerc Natalia
Published: June 2023

Il teatro in lingua straniera rappresenta un’opportunità ricca di possibilità per sviluppare il plurilinguismo, o anche, la sensibilità interculturale. Tuttavia devono essere superati parecchi ostacoli, sia per le compagnie (soprattutto per il loro modo di creare i sottotitoli), sia per gli spettatori (per la comprensione e, spesso, il timore di vedere uno spettacolo in una lingua che pensano di non capire). Inoltre, si pone anche una questione politica: il teatro è essenzialmente un’arte democratica nel senso forte del termine. Il teatro in lingua straniera partecipa alla costituzione di una comunità d’individui, o, invece, dietro un’apparenza politicamente corretta, ricrea i tradizionali divari?
Culture et plurilinguisme
Authors: Chamly-halwani Asma
Published: June 2023

Il nostro intervento è intitolato : "Il plurilinguismo e il pluriculturalismo nelle opere di due scrittori libanesi francofoni : Amin Maalouf e Salah Steitié. Vogliamo dimostrare come questi due scrittori i quali sono stati educati in un ambiente pluriculturale e plurilinguistico rifiutano il concetto tribale dell’identità che riduce l’identità ad una appartenenza. Questo è il motivo per il quale Maalouf e Steitié rifiutano il concetto del confronto tra le civiltà. Di fronte a questa nozione, presentano l’idea di una civiltà umana con delle appartenenze multiple.
Un « cultural backlash » à la française ?
Authors: Ivaldi Gilles
Published: June 2023

Résumé La popularité croissante de l’extrême droite et sa politisation des enjeux d’immigration, de genre ou d’autorité posent la question de l’existence en France d’un backlash culturel tel que théorisé par la littérature internationale. À partir de données d’enquêtes originales, cet article examine l’hypothèse d’un « retour de bâton » culturel, de ses dimensions attitudinales et de ses intersections avec le populisme. L’effet normatif des valeurs du backlash sur le vote présidentiel de 2022 est saisi à deux moments clés de la campagne. Si ces valeurs ont contribué à la cristallisation, à l’hiver, d’un « moment » Zemmour, elles paraissent en revanche avoir beaucoup moins pesé au soir du 10 avril. Nonobstant ces évolutions, les données confirment l’existence d’un malaise culturel diffus au sein de l’électorat français, fortement articulé avec le populisme, activable par les entrepreneurs politiques.
Developments of pH responsive biodegradable monitoring film based on poly(vinyl alcohol) incorporated with Sappan heartwood extract for food packaging applications
Authors: Nansu Worraphol , Ross Gareth , Ross Sukunya , Suphrom Nungruthai , Mahasaranon Sararat
Published: June 2023

The major problem leading to substantial waste in the food industry is the spoilage of food products during transportation and storage periods. Consequently, the scope of this research focuses on the development and preparation a pH responsive monitoring films based on biodegradable materials of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and natural colorant extract from Caesalpinia sappan L. heartwood (SP). These monitoring films were prepared by a solution casting method and the film stability was improved by crosslinking with citric acid (CA). The red tone of monitoring film without CA was observed, while the crosslinked monitoring film showed a yellow color, which occurs from the structural change of brazilin (structure presenting in SP) to brazilein under acidic conditions. From the SEM and FTIR results, the monitoring film showed high compatibility between phases, improvements in light barrier properties and good WVTR performance. The tensile strength and elongation at break were slightly increased. For pH responsive properties, the monitoring films showed a high response with NH3 gas detection with the change in color from a yellow tone to a red tone. These results indicated that the monitoring films have potential to be applied as food packaging for meat, fish, pork, chicken, and other foods that generate ammonium gas during spoilage. Therefore, these high stable, and non-toxic biodegradable PVA films that incorporated with SP extract and crosslinked by CA have the potential to be used for food spoilage detection in packaging.
L’expérience de la foi. Pénitences et visions prophétiques chez les beatas de Castille (XVe-XVIe siècles)
Authors: Braguier Laurey
Published: June 2023

Cet article explore les manifestations de la spiritualité et les pratiques pénitentielles et prophétiques des beatas de la couronne de Castille aux XVe et XVIe siècles. L’expérience du divin se manifeste en effet chez ces mystiques par une profonde vie contemplative et par l’imitation de la souffrance christique. Néanmoins, leurs expériences religieuses, souvent sans intercesseur clérical, témoignent d’une instrumentalisation croissante par le pouvoir religieux et politique.
L’expérience du mémoire, l’expérience dans les mémoires
Authors: Van Praet Pascale
Published: June 2023

L’expérience entre dans le champ de l’apprentissage. Mais quel rôle joue-t-elle dans le processus d’apprentissage ? Cet article se donne pour but d’étudier le rôle que joue l’expérience dans les mémoires de futurs professeurs, rédigés à l’issue de leur premier stage dans le secondaire. Il se donne pour projet d’analyser leur perception de l’apprentissage du métier et du gain effectif ou d’absence de gain d’expérience en menant une recherche-action. La question centrale demeurant : est-ce que mener simultanément une action en stage et une recherche dans un mémoire mène à une réflexion critique et à un gain d’expérience ? D’un point de vue pragmatique, nous étudions l’intérêt de faire réfléchir les futurs professeurs sur leur expérience pour leur faire acquérir une expérience professionnelle.
L’expérience de la fatalité dans deux nouvelles de Roberto Bolaño
Authors: Virguetti Pablo
Published: June 2023

Dans cet article, nous nous interrogeons sur la fatalité en tant que fatum grec, c’est-à-dire le sujet face à son destin inéluctable, et en tant que fatalisme, pensée matérialiste qui stipule que les affres de l’existence obéissent à un rapport de cause à effet. Ces deux formes tentent d’expliquer la violence. Cette violence est représentée dans la littérature de Roberto Bolaño comme une expérience individuelle et subjective du vécu. Il est possible de trouver une représentation de la fatalité dans les textes de l’écrivain chilien. Nous nous intéressons à deux nouvelles de l’auteur et l’intérêt est de dégager le rapport entre l’individu et l’expérience de la violence, sa perception et son attitude.
Une bombe bien accueillie : la première expérience nucléaire française vue depuis l’Espagne franquiste
Authors: Fleites Marcos Álvaro
Published: June 2023

Cette étude a pour objet d’analyser la vision depuis l’Espagne franquiste de Gerboise bleue, la première expérience nucléaire française, qui eut lieu à Reganne dans le Sahara en février 1960. Si la plupart des gouvernements, de la presse et de l’opinion des différents pays, aussi bien du monde occidental que du bloc communiste ou du Tiers-monde, réagirent devant cet essai atomique en le condamnant fermement, tel ne fut pas le cas de l’Espagne. Ainsi, le gouvernement ne s’exprima pas officiellement mais l’ensemble des journaux espagnols, sous le contrôle direct ou indirect des autorités franquistes, traitèrent l’expérience française avec une évidente sympathie et de l’admiration car elle renforçait le prestige de la France, considérée comme la puissance occidentale la plus intransigeante à toute cession à l’égard de l’Union soviétique.
Salud mental y derechos humanos: la territorialización de un nuevo saber sobre el terrorismo de Estado y sus efectos
Authors: Lastra María Soledad
Published: June 2023

Durante los años setenta y ochenta, desde
Argentina y a escala transnacional se fue construyendo un territorio
de saberes en torno a los efectos psicológicos provocados por la
última dictadura militar. Estos conocimientos fueron producto de lazos
conjuntos entre psicólogos, psicoanalistas y trabajadores de la salud
mental que vivieron diferentes experiencias represivas. Este
artículo se propone reconstruir y analizar el proceso inicial de
construcción y acumulación de un saber específico sobre el terrorismo
de Estado en Argentina, desde los años ´70 hasta 1985. Para ello
identifica qué actores intervinieron y qué colectivos se fueron
formando para la atención de las víctimas y familiares de la represión
estatal y cuáles fueron sus características principales en torno al
trabajo de asistencia psicológica. Esta investigación sostiene que el
trabajo de atención a las víctimas del terrorismo de Estado en
Argentina permitió que tempranamente se delineara un territorio de
saberes sobre la represión estatal que se vinculó, desde el exilio y
en el país, con la defensa de los derechos humanos avasallados por la
dictadura militar. Esta investigación se apoya en documentos escritos
de las organizaciones de derechos humanos y de diferentes entrevistas
a los actores de la época.
La invisibilización de la desaparición forzada. ¿Por qué nos cuesta tanto su reconocimiento social?
Authors: Suárez Andrés Fernando
Published: June 2023

Un fantasma recorre América Latina: la
desaparición forzada es un pasado que se perpetua en el presente, de
las dictaduras militares del cono sur y las guerras civiles
centroamericanas hasta el conflicto armado colombiano y la guerra
contra las drogas en México. Más de 80.000 desaparecidos forzados
interpelan a la sociedad colombiana que se niega a reconocer. ¿Por qué
nos cuesta hacerlo? Este artículo propone siete hipótesis
interpretativas para su comprensión más allá de la indiferencia y la
normalización social de la violencia: su reconocimiento tardío y
esclarecimiento reciente, la participación de agentes de Estado por
acción u omisión, la pluralidad de violencias como contexto, la
incidencia del negacionismo del conflicto armado, la criminalización y
la estigmatización de las víctimas, la marginalidad social y el
anonimato de las víctimas, y las asimetrías en las políticas públicas
para afrontar los distintos hechos de violencia.
La política fiscal municipal frente a la crisis: miradas desde la prensa local (Posadas, territorio de Misiones, 1914-1918)
Authors: Pyke Luz Irene
Published: June 2023

El artículo aborda las formas en las que los
debates en torno a la reforma fiscal en Argentina se reflejaron y
readaptaron a los ámbitos municipales durante la crisis económica
provocada por la Primera Guerra Mundial. A partir del caso de Posadas,
capital del entonces territorio nacional de Misiones, se propone
observar cómo se reflejaban los nuevos debates planteados en torno al
problema tributario y a las atribuciones municipales de establecer
gravámenes progresivos desde el periódico local La Tarde. A través de este análisis se
sostiene que los temas discutidos dan cuenta de la difusión de un
conjunto de ideas según las cuales las municipalidades eran
reconocidas como instituciones de gobierno dotadas de las atribuciones
necesarias para introducir reformas tributarias o direccionar su
política fiscal sobre la base de gravámenes progresivos, y a la vez
regular los precios de los alimentos en favor de los sectores
perjudicados por la crisis. Asimismo se argumenta que estas
percepciones también se nutrían de las experiencias de otras
municipalidades que funcionaban como modelos de lo posible. En este
marco las iniciativas municipales pueden comprenderse como insertas en
un espacio amplio de discusión sobre el alcance de las capacidades
municipales ante la crisis y no solo como respuestas locales.
Les dilemmes des conseiller·ères en orientation
Authors: Kurzo Emilie , Ricard Elodie , Udayar Shagini , Rossier Jérôme
Published: June 2023

Les conseiller·ères en orientation étant confrontés à une diversité d’attentes des pouvoirs publics, de la société et des bénéficiaires font régulièrement face à des dilemmes dans leurs activités professionnelles. Il est important qu’ils·elles les prennent en compte afin de proposer des prestations adaptées aux consultant·es. Dans le domaine des soins ainsi que celui de la psychothérapie, les études réalisées sur la thématique des dilemmes sont nombreuses, tandis qu’en orientation professionnelle, ces dernières sont plus rares. Il est donc important d’investiguer les dilemmes des conseiller·ères en orientation exerçant auprès de diverses populations. Pour explorer cette thématique, une recherche qualitative consensuelle a été menée auprès de dix-neuf professionnel·les de l’orientation provenant de différentes régions de Suisse romande. Les principaux dilemmes identifiés sont : la confrontation, la limite du rôle, la contrainte et la gestion du temps. La discussion met en exergue qu’il existe une influence entre le type de population que les conseiller·ères en orientation accompagnent et les dilemmes qu’ils·elles rencontrent.
La représentation de la réussite sociale chez les étudiants : contenus, structuration et variabilités interindividuelles
Authors: Borne Sandra , Moliner Pascal
Published: June 2023

Dans cette recherche, nous nous sommes intéressés aux contenus de la représentation de la réussite sociale chez des étudiants de première année (étude 1 : n = 921), à la structuration de cette représentation et à l’impact des variabilités interindividuelles sur la structuration de cette représentation (étude 2 : n = 2022). La recherche a été menée dans le cadre théorique de l’approche structurale des représentations sociales et selon les méthodologies issues de ce cadre théorique. Au niveau des contenus de la représentation, nous observons la présence de cinq thématiques traditionnellement rencontrées dans les précédents travaux sur les conceptions de la réussite (dimensions personnelle, sociale, professionnelle, scolaire et matérielle). Au niveau de la structuration de la représentation, les résultats montrent que les dimensions personnelle, sociale et professionnelle sont centrales, tandis que les dimensions scolaire et matérielle sont périphériques. Enfin, il apparaît que les variabilités interindividuelles (e.g. sexe, milieu social, etc…) n’impactent que la périphérie de la représentation de la réussite sociale.
Association of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 936 C/T Gene Polymorphism with Renal Allograft Outcome: A Study from North India
Authors: Wasil Aadil , Parry Manzoor , Reshi Abdul , Rasool Roohi , Rashid Imtiyaz , Wani Imtiyaz
Published: June 2023

The significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its polymorphisms in renal allograft rejection has recently become the subject of extensive research. Recently, some studies have shown some role of VEGF in rejection episodes and graft survival. VEGF +936 C>T polymorphism is significant in the transcription regulation of VEGF. Herein, we report the results of a prospective, single-center study seeking an association of VEGF +936 C/T gene polymorphism and allograft rejection. One hundred and forty-seven kidney transplant recipients with age-and sex-matched controls were included in this study. VEGF 936 C/T genes were studied using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the blood specimen of these patients. All patients were studied for allograft rejection, response to treatment, and overall graft survival. We found that CT genotype and T allele carrier state were associated with good graft outcomes (P = 0.008 and 0.002, respectively). There was a lower number of rejection episodes with T allele, although it was not a significant finding (P = 0.880). Our findings suggest that good graft outcome in kidney transplant recipients is associated with an increased frequency of the VEGF 936 CT genotype and T allele, and that determination of the T allele might be helpful for the identification of recipients with overall good graft survival.
Evaluation of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Serum Level and Left Ventricular Function by 2D Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Children on Regular Hemodialysis
Authors: El-salam Manal Abd , Abdelrahman Tagreed , Youssef Maha , Osama Fatma , Youssef Nadia
Published: June 2023

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children with chronic kidney disease. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is thought to be related to chronic kidney disease patients’ adverse cardiovascular effects. Our study is to assess ADMA concentrations in children on hemodialysis (HD) as a marker of cardiovascular risk and detect the relation to the left ventricular (LV) function by traditional and speckled tracking echo. Forty children with end-stage renal disease on regular HD were enrolled in the study and selected from the nephrology HD unit of Al-Zahraa Hospital, Al-Azhar University. Another group of 40 healthy children matches age and sex with the patient’s group as a control. ADMA serum level, traditional echo, and tissue Doppler imaging spackled tracking were performed to assess: LV functions for both groups in the same line with the routine laboratory investigations. Moreover, bioimpedance was assessed after the HD session. Children on regular HD have a significantly higher (ADMA) serum level compared to their controls; the median is (72.5 ng/mL) and (25 ng/mL), respectively (P = 0.001) and a significant increase in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and the median is (3.6 ng/mL) and (2.5 ng/mL), respectively (P = 0.001). Moreover, conventional echo detects 27 (67.5%) patients out of 40 had an impaired LV function; meanwhile, 33 (82.5%) had a global LV strain (LV GLS) detected by 2D (Speckle echo), a negative correlation between LV ejection fraction with serum (urea, cholesterol, and triglyceride) and a positive correlation between ADMA and LV systolic diameter. LV GLS (Speckle echo) is negatively correlated with LV end-diastolic diameter, LV end-systolic diameter and positively correlated with LV inter ventricular septum in diastole and reduced average systolic velocity (ml). The sensitivity and specificity of (ADMA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), traditional, and Speckle echo for early left ventricular (LV) dysfunction were 92.50, 92, and 67.50, 97 and 67.50, 90.00, and 80.00, 92, respectively. An ADMA emerges as a sensitive and specific marker for early LV dysfunction in children on hemodialysis (HD); drugs targeting ADMA is essential in the future direction after clinical approval, to avoid early LV changes, furthermore (Speckle echo) is superior to the traditional echo for early detection of LV changes in chronic kidney disease (CKD) children.
Left Ventricular Mass and Functions in Egyptian Children with Chronic Kidney Disease in Comparison to Normal Subjects
Authors: Ramadan Seham Mohammed , Hadeel Abdelrahman M. , Nashwa Al Azizizi M. , Heba Abouzeid M.
Published: June 2023

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and cardiac fibrosis are common accompaniments of chronic kidney disease (CKD). They can be rather easily assessed by conventional cardiac imaging modalities, most practically by M-mode or two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography, with adequate recognition of pitfalls. This study uncovers the impact of impaired renal function on left ventricular mass (LVM) and LVM index (LVMI) in children with CKD on regular hemodialysis (HD) attending the Zagazig University Hospital for Children. A total of 80 Egyptian children, out of which 40 subjects having a mean age of 11.2 ± 3.12 years were cases with CKD in stage 5 on regular HD and the other 40 healthy subjects as controls, with a mean age of 12.2 ± 2.54 years, were included in the study and assessed for LVH and LVMI by 2D echocardiography. HD children had a significantly higher mean LVMI (102.3 ± 19.1 vs. 49.6 ± 4.11 g/m2, P <0.001) than controls. Relative wall thickness was significantly higher in the patients with CKD patients on HD compared with controls (P <0.001) with a mean value of 0.46 indicating concentric LVH in renal patients. Comparing mitral inflow velocities between both the groups revealed that the patient group had a significant decrease in mitral E-wave velocity (0.88 ± 0.2 vs. 1.1 ± 0.1 m/sec, P <0.001) and E/A velocity ratio (1.3 ± 0.3 vs. 1.7 ± 0.3, P <0.001) in comparison with the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference in A-wave velocity. This indicates early diastolic dysfunction in CKD patients. LV mass changes in CKD children were strongly related to hypocalcemia and Vitamin D deficiency. Children with CKD are prone to the development of cardiac diastolic dysfunction and LVH, so early and regular echocardiographic studies of all children with CKD are recommended to detect early cardiac changes and institute interventions.
Neglected Trivial Trauma – A Cause for Pseudo-acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Shamsudheen M. P. , Kuchay Abid , Chander Vijay , Tiwari Isha , Guditi Swarnalatha , Das Uttara , Taduri Gangadhar
Published: June 2023

Rupture of the urinary bladder and extravasation of urine into the peritoneal cavity leading to urinary ascites is an uncommon event, usually caused by blunt trauma to the abdomen. A high index of suspicion is required for early accurate diagnosis, which avoids unnecessary investigations and interventions. The disappearance of ascites following indwelling Foley’s catheterization and high peritoneal fluid urea and creatinine compared to serum values are keys for diagnosis. Sometimes, the diagnosis may be delayed as the features are mistaken for intrinsic renal disease. Here, we report a case of pseudo-acute kidney injury caused by urinary ascites due to intraperitoneal bladder rupture following blunt abdominal trauma in an alcoholic patient.
Clinical Dilemma of Corneal Opacity, Very Low High-density Lipoprotein, and Nephrotic Syndrome: Mystery Revealed
Authors: Raina Rupesh , Singh Siddhartha , Chakraborty Ritika , Sethi Sidharth K. , Chakraborty Ronith
Published: June 2023

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is a liver enzyme necessary for the formation of cholesteryl esters in plasma from free cholesterol. The rare autosomal recessive disease resulting from familial deficiency of this enzyme can lead to nephropathy with kidney involvement generally being the most common cause of death. In addition, the disease process can engender corneal opacity, very low high-density lipoprotein, normochromic anemia, and nephropathy. We present this case of a 35-year-old male who initially visited for a second opinion for renal failure and nephrotic range proteinuria. He underwent renal biopsy which displayed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis-type injury pattern and was started on futile high-dose steroid therapy. A second renal biopsy coincided with the development of corneal opacity leading to a confirmatory testing of LCAT deficiency through biochemistry panel.
Clinical Profile, Outcomes, and Complications in Neonates Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis in a Tertiary Neonatal Care Unit – An Observational Study
Authors: Tangirala Susmitha , Devi Usha , Kumar Thinesh , Balakrishnan Umamaheswari , Amboiram Prakash
Published: June 2023

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is the most common form of renal replacement therapy in neonates and there is a lot of heterogeneity in patient selection and outcomes across the various units. This study aimed to assess the indications, complications, and outcomes in terms of survival of PD. This is a retrospective study of 23 neonates who underwent acute PD at a tertiary care neonatal unit between August 2016 and July 2021. A cross-sectional poll was also conducted among the doctors who have been in the unit for the past 10 years regarding their experience in PD. The baseline, clinical, biochemical parameters, outcomes, and complications were analyzed. All statistical analyses were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 23.0 software. The mean (±standard deviation) gestational age and birth weights of neonates were 32.6 ± 4 weeks and 1743 ± 922 g, respectively. Six (26%) babies had extremely low birth weight, five (22%) very low birth weight (VLBW), and seven (30%) low birth weight. The indications were acute kidney injury [17/23 (74%)], fluid overload [3/23 (17%)], suspected inborn errors of metabolism [2/23 (9%)] and hypernatremia [1/23 (4%)]. A pigtail catheter (74%) was used in most of them. Catheter block was noticed in four babies and peritonitis in two neonates. We did not encounter any complications during the procedure, and PD appears to be practicable across all gestational ages and birth weights.
Morphological and molecular identification of fungi isolated from various habitat in Kirkuk city – Iraq
Authors: MAHMUT Yavuz , M. HAMOODY Abdul-hameed , ABDULQADER Rushdi Sabah
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study is isolate and identify fungi from different habitat in Kirkuk City - Iraq. The fungal species were isolated from soil and water in four season 2021-2022, collected the samples from various geographical habitat in Kirkuk City. The fungi isolation from soil and water done by inoculating (1ml) from serial dilutions on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) plates. The molecular identification of the isolated fungi at the species level, by PCR using specific internal transcribed spacer primer (ITS1/ITS4). The PCR products were sequenced and compared with the other related sequences in GenBank (NCBI). Seven fungal species were identified. The results showed that the (Aspergillus flavus 20.83%) was the most abundant fungus, while the (Penicillium citrinum 8.30%) was the less prevalent one in all resources and locations. The seven local fungal isolates were registered within NCBI, and this is the first record of these isolates in Iraq
Exploring the Effectiveness of Practical Assessment Tasks Towards Skills Development in Mechanical Technology Subject
Authors: Mhlanga Percy Thabiso , Khoza Samuel Dumazi , Skosana Ndlelehle
Published: June 2023

In a nation like South Africa, where the GDP and economic development are among the lowest, the lack of skilled workers has a noticeable impact. Skilful workers continue to be imported into the country in fields that are critical to economic development. To have an economic sector that can compete with the current global market conditions and the changing technology, qualified manpower is needed. This study explored the effectiveness of the Practical Assessment Task in Mechanical Technology in secondary schools around Gauteng province. A qualitative research approach was employed whereby a case study research design was used. The study purposively sampled nine teachers from seven different schools located in three districts of Gauteng Province. The study deployed two data collection instruments where face-to-face semi-structured interviews and workshop observations were administered. The results of this study show that the lack of resources in Mechanical Technology and the time allocated for the subject is a major challenge that teachers face. These were made worse by a lack of teacher development in the subject. The said challenges have a major impact that delays proper skills development at the secondary school level, thus rendering the PAT ineffective in addressing skills development. The recommendation is that the Department of Education needs to implement a policy where resources would be prioritised and provide lasting and relevant training to the teachers.
Determining the level of superstition belief in pregnancy
Authors: Yıldız Metin , Varol Ela , Demirhan Ahsen , Yıldırım Mehmet Salih , Solmaz Ebru
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the superstitions of pregnant women.

Method: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 278 pregnant women living in Agri between October 2021 and August 2022.

Results: It was determined that the total mean score of the pregnant women on the Superstitious Belief Scale  was 36.16±13.75. A statistically significant difference was found between the educational status, monthly income, perception of pregnancy and superstition levels of the pregnant women [p<0.05].

Conclusion: It was found that the total Superstitious Belief Scale scores of the pregnant women were moderate and unplanned pregnancy, income and education level affected the superstition score means.
Reasons for declining prenatal diagnostic tests and analysis of factors impacting the decision
Authors: Ökmen Fırat , Ekici Huseyin , Koca Erdoğan , Ökmen Osman , Acar Sirinoglu Hicran
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective: To identify the factors impacting the decision of declining to have prenatal diagnostic tests and to determine the reasons for declining in cases with high trisomy risk in prenatal screening tests and those who refuse to undergo prenatal diagnostic tests.

Materials and methods: Cases with positive test results in first and second trimester aneuploidy screening tests were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups those who accepted prenatal diagnostic tests (Group 1) and those who refused prenatal diagnostic tests (Group 2). The patients that refused prenatal diagnostic tests were evaluated with a questionnaire to determine the reasons for refusal.

Results: 204 cases were included in the study.  44 (21.6%) of these cases wanted to have prenatal diagnostic tests, while 160 (78.4%) refused to have prenatal diagnosis tests. A significant correlation was found between the decision to refuse the prenatal diagnostic test and the mother's educational status level (p=0.035), whereas no significant correlation was found between the personalized risk ratios and the number of abortions in previous pregnancies. Among the reasons for refusal of prenatal diagnosis test, the main reason was determined to be "Termination of pregnancy is not an option".

Conclusion: Pregnant women should be offered all options, including not having a prenatal screening test or a prenatal diagnostic test, by providing accurate and understandable information about the purpose and potential outcomes of prenatal screening tests. Hence, pregnant women can be provided with the opportunity to make an informed choice.
2020 VE 2021 YILLARINDA TÜRKİYE’DE ESKİ UYGURCA ÇALIŞMALARI
Authors: Dere Oktay
Published: June 2023

Orta Asya’ya düzenlenen keşif seferleri sonucunda bilim dünyası Eski Uygur Edebiyatı ürünleri ile tanışmış ve bu ürünler farklı ülkelerdeki muhtelif müze ve kütüphanelere taşınmıştır. Daha sonra F.W.K. Müller’in Uigurica, W. Radloff’un Alttürkische Studien, A. von Le Coq’un Türkische Manichaica aus Chotscho ve Willi Bang, Annemarie von Gabain ile G. Rachmati’nin Türkische Turfan-Texte gibi dizilerde yer alan çalışmalarıyla bu edebî ürünler üzerine ilk ilmî yayınlar yapılmıştır. Eski Uygur Edebiyatı ürünlerine olan ilgi, zamanla giderek artmış ve bu alanda hazırlanan ilmî çalışmaların hızla çoğalmasına yol açmıştır. Bu hızlı artış sonucu bu alanda bibliyografya çalışmalarının hazırlanması da hasıl olmuştur. Yurt dışında 1970’li, ülkemizde ise 2010’lu yıllardan itibaren Eski Uygurca alanında birçok bibliyografya çalışması hazırlanmıştır. Tarafımızca hazırlanan bu çalışmada 2020 ve 2021 yılında Eski Uygurca üzerine yapılan çalışmalar Türkiye özelinde ele alınmış, söz konusu yılda yayımlanan kitap, kitap tanıtma, tez ve makale çalışmaları derlenerek bibliyografya denemesi yapılmıştır. 2020 ve 2021 yılında yayımlanan çalışmalar yayın yılına bakılmaksızın alfabetik olarak sıralanarak kitaplar, kitap bölümleri, tanıtmalar, tezler ve makaleler olmak üzere beş başlık altında toplanmıştır.
TÜRK BOZKIR KÜLTÜRÜNDE SOSYAL VE EKONOMİK HAYAT
Authors: Şalgam Mahmut
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türk bozkır kültüründe sosyal ve ekonomik hayatın hangi unsurlar üzerine kurulmuş olduğunu ortaya koyarak incelemektir. Bu amaçla bozkır hayatının sosyal yönü, başta aile olmak üzere toplumsal teşkilatlanma şeklinde küçükten büyüğe doğru ele alınarak oguş, urug, boy, budun, il yapılanması incelenmiştir. Ardından gündelik hayata ilişkin eğlence, bayramlar, düğünler, beslenme, barınma, giyim gibi unsurlara değinilerek Türk bozkır kültürünün sosyal hayatına dair uygulamalar ele alınmıştır. Ekonomik hayat ise hayvancılık temel olmak üzere tarım, ticaret, madencilik bağlamında incelenmiştir. Ticaret konusu ithalat ve ihracat, serbest ticaret pazarları ve ticaret yolları ekseninde ele alınmıştır. Bu konular ele alınırken bozkır kültürüne ilişkin çalışmalar incelenmiş, geçmiş ve günümüzde yapılan çalışmalardan yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma neticesinde Türk bozkır kültürünün ilkel göçebe kültürlerden farklı olduğu, vatan-millet kavramlarının yer aldığı, sistemli ve güçlü bir sosyal hayatın var olduğu, güçlü toplumsal yapının dayanışma ve yardımlaşmayı beraberinde getirdiği görülmüştür. Üretim faaliyetlerinin ise farklı alanlarda sistemli ve teşkilatlı bir şekilde aktif bir biçimde var olduğu sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır.
MÜHİMMATÜ’Z-ZEVCEYN ADLI ESERİ ÖZELİNDE ŞEMSUDDİN DÂMOLLA’NIN İSLAM AİLE HUKUKUNA DAİR GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: Buğda Alimcan , Rıza Necip
Published: June 2023

Yüce yaratıcı, insanı eşref-i mahlûkat olarak yaratması, göklerdeki ve yerdeki bütün varlıkları onun hizmetine vermesine rağmen ona hayatını tek başına sürdürebilme özelliği vermemiştir. Dolayısıyla insanın bulunduğu her ortamda toplu bir şekilde hayatını devam ettirmesi yaratılışının gereğidir. Sosyal yaşamın sağlıklı biçimde sürmesi ve beşerî münasebetlerin barış, güven ve huzur içinde devam edebilmesi ise sağlıklı bir ailenin inşa edilmesi ile mümkün olur. Aile her ne kadar toplumsal yaşamanın önemli bir göstergesi ve toplumun temel taşını oluşturan esas amil olsa da kurulan bu ailenin korunması ve sağlıklı bir şekilde devam ettirilmesi bir o kadar önemlidir. Bu konuda aile bireylerinin özellikle karı-kocaların bilinçli olmaları ve kendilerine düşen sorumlulukları yerine getirmek için özen göstermeleri gerekir. Aile kuran çiftlerin karı-koca ilişkilerinde üstlenmesi gereken sorumlulukları veya vazifelerini göz ardı etmeleri ailenin sağlıklı bir şekilde devam ettirilmesine engel olabilir. Karı-koca arasındaki evliliğin sona ermesi çocukların yetim bırakılmasına, sosyal, psikolojik ve ahlaki bakımdan problemli yetişmelerine yol açar. Böyle durumların yaygın olduğu toplumda ise barış, güven ve istikrarın sağlanma olasılığı çok düşük olur.
Bu makalede Doğu Türkistan’da yaşamış, yakın dönem ulemasından Şemsuddin Dâmolla’nın yukarıda zikredilen amaç doğrultusunda kaleme aldığı Mühimmatü’z-Zevceyn adlı eseri incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda önce müellifin biyografisine yer verilmiş, ardından fıkhi görüşleri tahlil edilmiştir.
TÜRKÇE VE FARSÇA İYELİK ÇOKLUK EKLERİNİN DİZİMSEL TİPOLOJİK MANTIK BENZERLİĞİ
Authors: Bankır Mehmet Malik
Published: June 2023

Dil konusu, beyin gibi insanoğlu tarafından sürekli gündemde tutulmuş, dilin beyinle olan gizemlilik bağlantısından dolayı dile büyülü bir dünya olarak bakılmıştır. Yeryüzündeki dillerin sayılarının bugünkü tespitlere göre üç bin ile yedi bin civarında olduğu ifade edilmektedir. Dillerin kökeni, nasıl ortaya çıktıkları, birbiriyle ilişkileri, akrabalıkları, benzerlikleri ve ayrıştıkları noktalar üzerinde birçok araştırma yapılmış ve birçok dil teorisi ortaya atılmıştır. Yapılan genel dil bilimsel çalışmalarda dilleri tanımak, dil olgusunu anlamlandırmak ve bu anlamlandırmayı kolaylaştırmak için dillerin benzer ve ayrı noktaları ele alınmış; dillerdeki sesler, ekler, kelimeler, kelime grupları ve cümle yapıları irdelenmiştir. Bu irdelenme sonucunda, çeşitli dil aileleri, dil akrabalıkları, dil benzerlikleri ve dil teorileri ortaya çıkmıştır.
Bu araştırmada, isim ve isim soylu kelimelere getirilerek ismi isme, ismi fiile bağlayan, bir nesne veya varlığın kime veya neye ait olduğunu belirten, ilişki, sahiplik, aitlik ve mülkiyet bildiren iyelik ekleri üzerinde duruldu. Her dilin iyelik eklerinin kendine özgü şekilsel, yapısal, dizinsel ve anlamsal fonksiyonları olmakla birlikte Türk dili ve Fars dili her ne kadar aynı dil ailesi grubunda değillerse de bu eklerin oluşturulma biçimlerinin, birleşme özelliklerinin dikkate şayan bir biçimde benzerlik gösterdiği ortaya konulmaya çalışıldı. Bu incelemeyle Avrasyatik dil teorisine bu iki dilin iyelik ekleri ve özellikle iyelik çokluk ekleri üzerinde yaklaşılma amacı güdüldü. Sonuç olarak yapılan inceleme, Farsça iyelik çokluk eklerinin tipolojik mantık düzeninin Türkçe çokluk iyelik eki oluşturma düzenine benzediğini gösterdi.