bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of organic acids and amino acids of a probiotic dietary supplement on metabolism in animals
Authors: Mosyagin Vladimir Vladimirovich , Popov Viktor  Sergeevich , Svazlyan Gayane Agasovna , Naumov Nikolay Mikhailovich
Published: July 2024

One of the main directions of veterinary medicine is the development and production of probiotic biologically active feed additives using microorganisms of the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. The live bacteria and substances of microbial origin included in feed probiotic supplements have a positive effect on physiological and metabolic functions, as well as biochemical and immune reactions of the host organism. The aim of the research was to study the content of organic acids and amino acids in a probiotic dietary supplement and the theoretical justification of its effect on metabolic processes in animals and the immune system. The research was carried out in the laboratory of veterinary medicine and biotechnology of the Kursk Federal Agrarian Scientific Center. As a result of the experiments, a probiotic biologically active additive based on a consortium of microorganisms B. bifidum strain-1 and L. plantarum 8P-A3 was developed and obtained. It was found out that the largest amount in the additive was lactic and acetic acids. In the body of animals, in aerobic conditions, the reaction of conversion of lactic acid into pyruvic acid and active acetic acid occurs, which are further consumed in various metabolic processes (in the citric acid cycle, in the synthesis of fatty acids, synthesis of cholesterol, steroid hormones, etc.). It is determined  that the additive contains amino acids that can be consumed in the body for biosynthesis protein or after deamination, oxidized with the release of energy. Based on the conducted practical and theoretical studies, we have proposed the mechanism of action of a probiotic biologically active feed additive containing live bacteria of the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Thus, it was found out that in a probiotic biologically active supplement, acetic and lactic acids and a number of amino acids have the highest content. These components are able to influence the metabolism in the body, manifested by an increase in the synthesis of ATP, proteins, and other compounds. Bacteriocins secreted by probiotic microorganisms contained in the supplement are able to activate the production of specific cytokines.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of fungicides in suppression Alternaria blight and Pho-ma rot on spring rapeseed
Authors: Devyatkina Tatyana Fedorovna , Chigorin Sergey Sergeevich , Silaev Alexey Ivanovich , Bochkarev Dmitry Vladmirovich , Bochkarev Vladimir Dmitrievich
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the research is to determine the biological and economic effectiveness of fungicides of various chemical groups against necrotrophic pathogens Phoma lingam (Tode) Desm. and Alternaria sp. on spring rapeseed crops in the south of the Non-Chernozem zone. A significant effect in curbing the development and prevalence of these diseases was after the application of fungicides Spirit, SK (azoxystrobin 240 g/l + epoxiconazole 160 g/l) at a rate of 0.7 l/ha and Kolosal Pro (propiconazole 300 g/l) + tebuconazole 200 g/ha) at a rate of 0.5 l/ha with double treatment of spring rape crops in the phase of formation of a rosette of leaves - transition to stem formation (BBCH-25-30) and in the flowering phase of the harvest (BBCH-63-65). The decrease in the prevalence of Alternaria blight by the yellow-green bean phase in these variants ranged from 64 to 65%rel, in development – from 73 to 75%rel, the prevalence of Phoma rot – from 62 to 67%rel, in development from 68 to 79%rel accordingly to the control variant. The greatest economic efficiency was after double treatment of rapeseed with Kolosal Pro - 47% (2,83 t/ha).
Features of morphometric indicators and productivity of hemp plants under the influence of reducing herbitoxic stress
Authors: Pluzhnikova Irina Ivanovna , Kriushin Nikolay Viktorovich , Bakulova Irina Vladimirovna
Published: July 2024

The study of the effect of herbicidal protection using stimulating substances and liquid mineral fertilizer on the morphometric parameters and productivity of hemp plants was carried out in 2021–2023 in the conditions of the Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops in the Penza region. The ongoing protection against weeds in the industrial hemp agrocenosis contributed to a reduction in the biomass of dicotyledonous weeds to 82 %, and of cereals to 96 %. Protective measures ensured an increase in morphometric parameters and productivity of hemp plants. To a significant increase in plant height, technical and inflorescence length by 21.0; 15.0 and 9.0 cm, internode length by 1.0 cm and stem diameter by 0.9 mm resulted from the application of Artafit + Lontrel grand + Izagri Vita compared to the control without the treatment. The content of drying oil in seeds increased when spraying crops with liquid mineral fertilizer, treating seeds with stimulating preparations, and using herbicides Lontrel grand and Miura by 0.54...0.56 and 0.45...0.96 %, respectively. An increase in the weight of 1000 seeds by 6.7 and 6.5 % was facilitated by foliar feeding and the use of compositions of AgroVerm Screen + Lontrel grand and Lignohumate + Miura preparations. The best increases in the yield of stems and seeds were formed when plants were sprayed with Izagri Vita fertilizer, Miura herbicide and seed treatment with AgroVerm Ekran 1.64 and 0.38 t/ha, as well as when using the herbicide Lontrel grant and the growth regulator Artafit -1.58 and 0 .32 t/ha. In these options, oil collection increased by 0.21...0.23 t/ha; fiber collection - by 0.6 t/ha.
Assessment of the effect of flour from the biomass of Musca domestica larvae on the biochemical status of blood and the state of intestinal microbiocenosis of broiler chickens
Authors: Drevko Yaroslav Borisovich , Krylova Lubov Sergeevna , Faust Elena Aleksandrovna , Kozlov Sergey Vasilievich , Larionov Sergey Vasilievich
Published: July 2024

Currently, the search for alternative sources of feed protein, including in poultry farming, is very relevant. Previously, flour was obtained from the biomass of Musca domestica larvae grown on chicken manure enriched with selenium and cobalt in an amount of 15 mg/kg. This study is devoted to studying the effect of this protein feed additive (when added to the main diet in an amount of 10%) on the biochemical parameters of the blood and some representatives of the intestinal microflora of broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 cross. Thus, enriching the chicken diet with flour from the biomass of Musca domestica larvae did not have a significant effect on the biochemical status of the blood of the experimental bird. At the same time, there was a tendency to increase the content of total protein in the blood serum by 21.0%. Active colonization of the intestines of broiler chickens with bacteria of the genera Lactobacilllus (by 26.7%) and Enterococcus (by 2.5 times), as well as a decrease in the number of bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus (by 39.0%) was established.
Ultrafine forms of trace elements in the diet of ruminants: impact on productivity and health
Authors: Lutkovskaya Yana Vladimirovna , Sizova Elena Anatolievna , Kamirova Aina Maratovna
Published: July 2024

This review examines the biological effects of ultrafine particles of cobalt, manganese, zinc, selenium, silver and copper as active ingredients of feed additives of cattle and small cattle. Nanotechnology has potential advantages of using ultrafine mineral particles in animal nutrition. One of the main advantages of ultrafine particles is their small size and high specific surface area, which causes their low doses of introduction into the diet. In addition, excessive accumulation of chemical elements in waste is prevented, which leads to a reduction in environmental pollution. The introduction of ultrafine elements into the diet of farm animals has a positive effect on health (antioxidant system and immunity), on productive and hematological indicators of livestock. It has been proved that ultrafine particles of some elements have antimicrobial activity against bacteria (including drug-resistant strains), parasites and fungi, and also affect mycotoxins. Due to its inhibitory effect on pathogenic microorganisms, ultrafine particles are responsible for improving the intestinal health of animals. The accumulation of ultrafine particles in the body can cause cell death or their pathological changes. Therefore, further studies of the effectiveness and safety of ultrafine particles are needed in order to prevent adverse effects on animals, the environment and humans.
Study оf the applicability оf methоds fоr calculatiоn оf irrigatiоn rates under cоnditiоns оf heterоgeneity оf the sоil prоfile
Authors: Mikheeva Оlga Valentinovna , Mirkina Elena Nikolaevna , Оrlоva Svetlana Sergeevna , Pankоva Tatyana Anatolievna
Published: July 2024

The article presents the calculatiоn оf irrigatiоn rates using available mоisture reserves fоr hоmоgeneоus and heterоgeneоus sоils, and shоws its applicability fоr heterоgeneоus sоil prоfiles. The calculatiоn methоd is presented in cоmparisоn with the calculatiоn оf irrigatiоn rates accоrding tо the fоrmula оf A.N. Kоstyakоv.
Results of herbicide application in cultivation of medium maturing yellow onion in the North-Western Caspian region
Authors: Bondarenko Anastasia Nikolaevna , Chernik Dmitry Vladimirovich
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the studies was to substantiate a resource-saving, economically justified technology for cultivating various samples of Russian onions in the fight against annual weeds using herbicides during drip irrigation, which ensures a yield of more than 100 t/ha and more with optimal moisture supply of plants. During the period of scientific research from 2021 to 2023, the beneficial effect of herbicidal treatments on onions planting with Goal 2Ye, CE and Lazurite, SP was proved at the experimental irrigated site. It was experimentally proved that the protective measures carried out using herbicides in the fight against weed vegetation significantly reduced the indicators of the number of weeds in experimental areas. The maximum effect of using herbicides was achieved in the variant using Goal 2Ye, CE. For example, in the Goal 2Ye, CE herbicide variant, there was a significant decrease in weed vegetation relative to the untreated control variant. The records were taken for 30 days, 50 days, and before cleaning. At the same time, the decrease was equal to -65.38%, 40.79% and 24.32%, respectively. The elimination of weed vegetation significantly affected the formation of high commercial yields of the studied crop. High levels of commodity yields ranging from 118.4 to 122.2 t/ha were after the Lazurite, SP + Aminovit co-application option in the Bayram F1 hybrid and Christina variety. The profitability of production was 251.3 and 260.0%, respectively.
The effectiveness of soil dressing with fertilizers containing amino acids in indau under conditions of light culture
Authors: Babaev Timur Poladovich , Kiselyov Maxim Vladimirovich , Kondrat'ev Vitalij Mikhailovich , Radishevsky Dmitry Yurievich , Solodyannikov Maxim Dmitrievich
Published: July 2024

The results of studies to determine the effectiveness of soil dressing with fertilizers containing amino acids on indau under conditions of light culture are presented. The research was carried out in the phytotron of the Laboratory of Light Culture and city-farming of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution in St. Petersburg State University in 2023. The objects of research are fertilizers containing amino acids and pure amino acids. Experimental methods were used in the work – the vegetative method, mathematical statistics. The scheme of the experiment includes six options: a solution of mineral nutrients according to your own recipe, addition of fertilizers containing amino acids (Renovatsia and Aminothal), addition of pure amino acids (methionine, cysteine and lysine). According to the results of the research, it was found out that soil dressing with fertilizers with amino acids did not have a significant effect on the growth and development of the seed crop; root feeding of the Sicily variety with lysine and cysteine made it possible to reduce the interphase period between the 2nd and 4th true leaves by 2 days. Under the influence of cysteine, the height of plants of both varieties was higher compared to the others. The use of cysteine as a soil dressing led to a significant increase in yield in the Sicilia variety (by 38%) and an insignificant increase in the Corsica variety (by 2.5%). Soil dressing with fertilizers with amino acids and pure amino acids helped to improve the metabolism of nitrates in plants. Additional studies with different dosages and other methods of plant treatment are required.
Aquaculture of the Saratov region: status, problems and solutions
Authors: Kiyashko Vladimir Valentinovich , Malinina Yulia Aleksandrovna , Maslikov Viktor Petrovich , Seroshtanov Mikhail Vasilievich , Molchanov Alexey Vyacheslavovich
Published: July 2024

The current state of aquaculture requires not only the introduction of innovations in production activities, but also the wider use of the latest achievements of science and technology in setting and solving management and strategic planning issues, even within the framework of the development of individual regions. The water fund of the Saratov region includes two large reservoirs: Saratov and Volgograd, more than 50 thousand hectares of ponds and small reservoirs, reservoirs of reclamation systems and about 8 thousand hectares of fish ponds. The presence of a large number of reservoirs of various types has determined the development of modern aquaculture in the region in the following areas: pond aquaculture, industrial aquaculture, pasture aquaculture and artificial reproduction of aquatic biological resources. The Saratov region has all the prerequisites for the development of these areas of aquaculture on an innovative basis with the effective use of aquatic and biological resources in order to increase production and diversity of fish products.
The relationship of immunogenetic blood parameters with dairy productivity of cows
Authors: Martynova Ekaterina Nikolaevna , Lyubimov Alexander Ivanovich , Kislyakova Elena Mullanurovna , Isupova Julia Viktorovna , Yakimova Valentina Jurievna
Published: July 2024

Studies have been conducted to study the relationship between the frequency of antigens and the level of productivity of Holstein cows in breeding farms of the Udmurt Republic by comparing animals with different milk yield levels for 305 days of the highest lactation according to the frequencies of identified antigens. The total sample size was 2342 heads. Three groups of cows were formed in each farm, depending on the level of productivity for the highest lactation: 1 group – with milk yield up to 8000 kg, 2 group – with milk yield from 8001 to 10000 kg and 3 group – with milk yield over 10000 kg of milk. As a result, it was found that cows with a milk yield of over 10000 kg of milk have a higher concentration of T1, Y2, E’2, C2, X2 antigens by 1.9 – 14.8% and a low concentration of A2, O2, E’3, J’2, E, X1, L, H’, Z antigens by 1.5 – 19.5%.
The effect of two-stage filler processing on the properties of a wood-polymer composite
Authors: Anikeeva Ksenia Gennadievna , Safin Ruslan Rushanovich
Published: July 2024

The use of composite materials based on wood filler and polymer has become widespread in many areas of industry, in particular, in construction. Composites can replace wood and plastic, they have the properties of these components, and therefore they are an excellent alternative for use as building materials. The relevance of the work lies in the creation of a composite material with a wood filler modified by an innovative method of double processing: thermal exposure followed by ozonation. The article evaluates the feasibility of using a two-stage processing method for wood filler. In order to adequately predict the possibility of using wood modified in this way, the properties of the obtained experimental samples are studied: moisture absorption, wettability, tensile strength, compression and bending. Statistical processing of the obtained values was carried out, as well as their correlation analysis. Schemes of experimental installations for modification are presented. The results of the study showed that two-stage processing of wood filler improves the properties of the resulting composite material, increases hydrophobicity and strength characteristics. Wood-polymer composites manufactured with a wood filler that has undergone a double modification can be used for products that have high strength and operational requirements.
Objective Assessment of Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) Competency Using Arm Motion Data and Machine Learning Classifiers
Authors: Harari Ryan , Duggan Nicole , Schwid Madeline , Eyre Andrew , Selame Lauren , Dashti Munna , Goldsmith Andrew , Dias Roger
Published: July 2024

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is becoming an increasingly important tool for diagnostic evaluation, clinical decision-making, and procedural guidance in the emergency department (ED). POCUS image acquisition is cognitively demanding and operator-dependent, making rigorous competency assessment critically valuable. Traditional methods for assessing POCUS competency are limited by subjectivity, requiring a more objective approach. In this study, we aimed to investigate an objective method for assessing POCUS competency using arm motion data and employing machine learning (ML) classification methods. We utilized a motion-capturing system to extract motion data while ED clinicians performed POCUS tasks. We used logistic regression (LR) and random forest (RF) classifiers to predict the expertise level (expert versus novice) based on flexion, abduction, and pronation motion metrics from the right and left wrists and elbows. The mean accuracy of the LR model was 0.80 (95% CI [0.76, 0.84]) with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.84. The mean accuracy of the RF model was 0.91 (95% CI [0.89, 0.93]) with an AUC of 0.95. These results suggest that both methods show promise for predicting the level of clinical expertise based on arm motion data during POCUS, with the RF model outperforming LR in terms of accuracy. Our finding highlights the potential of using motion capture data and ML approaches to objectively evaluate POCUS competency with high accuracy for distinguishing between novice and expert ED clinicians. Future studies should include larger sample sizes to further improve the accuracy of the models, as well as to investigate other ML techniques.
Case-Studies of Parameter Estimation in the Stochastic Reaction-Diffusion Master Equation
Authors: Hossain Kannon , Sidje Roger B.
Published: July 2024

Stochastic approaches to the reaction-diffusion master equation (RDME) are commonly employed in systems biology to model the intrinsic randomness of diffusing molecular species. For accurate modeling and numerical simulation of the reaction-diffusion process, parameter estimation from experimental or synthetic data is a topic of interest. Parameter estimation is a challenging task in stochastic RDME since the reaction rate parameters are always coupled with the diffusion rate parameters, and the state of the system itself is random. We present a fitting scheme based on a maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) to approximate both the reaction and diffusion rate parameters. The quality of the method is evaluated by applying it to two case-studies from systems biology, such as the birth- death process and the annihilation system. The results obtained from our experiments demonstrate a reasonable approximation of the estimated parameters compared to the true parameter values.
A modified Hidden Markov Model (HMM)-based state machine model for driving behavior recognition: Effectiveness of features using different sub-HMMs
Authors: David Ruth , Söffker Dirk
Published: July 2024

Driving behavior estimations play a significant role in the development of Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADASs). The estimations are often developed using ma- chine learning-based approaches, which are influenced by different factors, such as input variables and design of methods. However, developing a suitable configuration can be complicated. In this contribution, an improved Hidden Markov Model (HMM)-based state machine model is introduced for the recognition of lane changing behaviors. Adapting a previously developed HMM model, the model consists of different sub-HMMs which are fused to develop the HMM estimations. A prefilter is introduced in the HMM to quantize the input variables into segments of observed sequences that distinguish different driving situations. Hence, optimization of the prefilter is performed. Different from the previous work, a state machine model is incorporated to develop the final behavior estimation using the estimations of the HMM model. To evaluate the estimation effectiveness, different driving features (inputs) are evaluated by using different combinations of sub-HMMs. Ex- perimental driving data based on six drivers used for the application of the method show that the approach generates adequate accuracy (ACC), detection rates (DR), and false alarm rates (FAR).
COVID-19 Epidemic Model Including Unreported Cases and Environmental Fluctuations
Authors: Rihan Fathalla , Alsakaji Hebatallah
Published: July 2024

The study of infectious diseases in humans has become increasingly important in public health. This paper extends the SEIR model to include unreported COVID-19 cases (U) and environmental white noise. Dynamic analysis is conducted based on the variation of the environment. The ergodicity and stationary distribution criteria are discussed. Using a Lyapunov function, we write down some sufficient conditions for disease extinction. With different intensities of stochastic noises, we calculate the threshold of extinction for the stochastic epidemic system. In order to control the spread of disease, the stochastic noise plays an important role. A numerical simulation and a fit to real data have shown that the model and theoretical results are valid.
Machine Learning-Based Automated Detection of ADHD Using Heart Rate Variability Data
Authors: Ji Yanqing , Zhang-Lea Janet , Tran John
Published: July 2024

This study addresses the pressing need for effective methods in detecting Attention- Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental condition significantly impacting individuals' attention, impulse control, and activity regulation. Leveraging advancements in machine learning and wearable technology, the research explores the potential of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) data as a novel source for ADHD detection. Six machine learning algorithms, including Logistic Regression, Random Forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, Neural Network, and Support Vector Machine, were rigorously investigated using an HRV dataset, marking a pioneering effort in utilizing HRV data for ADHD identification. The results demonstrate promising performance, with Logistic Regression exhibiting the highest F1 score (0.71), and Support Vector Machine achieving the highest Matthews Correlation Coefficient (0.44). This study showcases the capacity of machine learning utilizing HRV data for identifying ADHD, contributing to the evolving landscape of machine learning applications in mental health diagnostics.
A Framework for Surface Vessel Nautical-Behaviour Analysis towards Cognitive Situation Awareness
Authors: Al-Falouji Ghassan , Haschke Lukas , Nowotka Dirk , Tomforde Sven
Published: July 2024

The rapidly advancing technological development allows for increased automation of traffic behaviour, including nautical systems. Innovative technologies for cognitive situa- tion modelling form the basis for an autonomous assessment of environmental conditions, which can then be used to realise autonomous navigation behaviour. Cutting-edge vehi- cles designed for autonomous operations are currently in development, demonstrating the capability to operate seamlessly even in busily frequented harbour areas and waterways. In this article, we present a novel framework for analysing the spatio-temporal nautical behaviour of maritime surface vessels. In a scenario, we assess and analyse navigation data gathered from the Kiel Fjord as part of a demonstration use case. The presented frame- work integrates a variety of different approaches and thus represents the basic technology for assessing and modelling ship behaviour prior to operational use, as well as detecting anomalous events during utilisation.
Scientific and technical assistance report on the evaluation of the safety of Lemna gibba and Lemna minor whole plant material as a novel food
Authors:   European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Turck Dominique , Frenzel Thomas , Azzollini Domenico , Turla Emanuela , Knutsen Helle Katrine
Published: July 2024

Abstract
EFSA was asked by the European Commission to provide scientific assistance with respect to the EFSA scientific opinion on “Safety of Lemna minor and Lemna gibba whole plant material as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283”, which was adopted in 2022. In that Scientific Opinion, the Panel concluded that the NF, considering its proposed uses and the content of manganese as compared to the content of manganese normally present in other leafy vegetables, may be of safety concern and, therefore, the safety of the NF could not be established. In the context of this mandate, EFSA was requested to evaluate whether the additional information provided by the applicant addresses the increase of manganese intake from the NF, which was considered substantial as compared to the background manganese dietary intake. The applicant provided new data showing that by reducing the manganese concentrations in the cultivation medium, the manganese content in Lemna gibba does not exceed the manganese content in spinach. EFSA emphasizes that the rest of the production process should not deviate from what was reported and assessed in the original NF opinion. Data assessed in 2022 along with data provided for the current assessment show that under the same cultivation conditions Lemna gibba and Lemna minor display similar manganese contents. EFSA acknowledges that the composition of the NF should adhere to the specification levels established in 2022. However, regarding manganese, given the contents observed following these latest production processes, EFSA considers that the maximum specification level for manganese in the NF should be set at 6 mg/kg fresh weight. Based on the additional data provided, EFSA concludes that the contents of manganese in the NF have been reduced to levels not exceeding those in other leafy vegetables.
The Use of Preprints in Doctorate Programs: A Citation Analysis Study of Trends in Chemistry and Physics Dissertations
Authors: Brown Elizabeth , Flynn Kathleen , McCormick Amanda , Tran Clara
Published: July 2024

Preprint articles are available on servers, such as arXiv and ChemRxiv, at no-cost to benefit the movement toward open access of research. However, the use of preprint research articles as a reference source in academia is not heavily documented. To examine if researchers are utilizing preprint articles, this paper examines citation trends in the dissertations of chemistry and physics PhD candidates who studied at four University Centers in the State University Of New York system (SUNY). Using citation analysis methodology, references cited in PhD dissertations published between 2018–2021 were analyzed. Key findings showed that PhD candidate authors cited preprint articles at a low rate, and relied on traditional resources for their dissertations, such as articles and books. Physics preprints were cited with more frequency than chemistry preprints. This data provides a benchmark for tracking the use of physics and chemistry preprints in academic research. The results of this study are also useful for examining library collections, particularly around core journal titles. Additionally, this paper raises questions about the information literacy skills of doctoral students. The doctoral students’ best practices of using preprints could be explored in future research.
A Survey of Student Employment and Geospatial Services in Academic Libraries
Authors: Sadvari Joshua W.
Published: July 2024

Student employees are often vital members of an academic library’s workforce, though the extent to which they contribute to library geospatial services has not yet been explored in a systematic way. The present study was designed to address this gap through a survey of academic library professionals involved in employing students to provide geospatial services. Topics addressed in the survey include department staffing, student employee responsibilities, funding and compensation for student positions, and the perceived benefits and challenges of employing students to provide geospatial services. Data generated through survey responses indicate potential differences in the types of responsibilities performed by graduate/professional and undergraduate students, enhanced productivity and collective wisdom as library benefits, professionally relevant experience and transferable skill development as student benefits, and common challenges across institutions. By providing a baseline understanding of student employment practices in library geospatial services, this study offers actionable information for current practitioners and can serve as a foundation for future scholarship on supervisor and student employee experiences.
Estudios de brechas de especialidades médicas
Authors: Buglioli Marisa , Cavalleri Fiorella
Published: July 2024

Abordar la planificación de recursos humanos en salud requiere de metodologías rigurosas y con datos de calidad que sean factibles y útiles para la toma de decisiones informadas.Se plantea identificar los principales aportes, las limitaciones y algunos desafíos del proceso de estimación de brechas entre la necesidad y oferta real de los recursos humanos en salud desde una perspectiva de salud pública.La metodología se basa en analizar los estudios en Uruguay a partir de fuentes primarias y una revisión de bibliografía de estudios de casos en el mundo.La realización de los estudios de brechas en las especialidades médicas son técnicamente factibles en sistemas de salud de diversos países. La información se encuentra disponible de manera directa en las bases de datos o a través de la elaboración de variables proxy, dependiendo de si el enfoque está más centrado en la demanda y utilización real de los servicios o en la identificación de los problemas y la necesidad de salud de la población.
Aplicación de un modelo farmacocinético poblacional para el seguimiento de pacientes en tratamiento con dolutegravir
Authors: Oricchio Florencia , Leal Ángel , Maldonado Cecilia , Vázquez Marta , Cabrera Susana
Published: July 2024

Introducción: a pesar de los avances en tratamiento antirretroviral, existe la posibilidad de que personas que viven con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) experimenten falla terapéutica vinculada a múltiples factores que impactan en la respuesta al fármaco.Objetivos: evaluar la utilidad de aplicar un modelo farmacocinético en pacientes con diagnóstico de VIH en tratamiento con dolutegravir para el análisis de las concentraciones plasmáticas experimentales. Adicionalmente, se pretende identificar potenciales interacciones farmacológicas, evaluar adherencia y fallo terapéutico.Material y método: se realizó un estudio piloto transversal y observacional en pacientes VIH tratados con dolutegravir que incluyó la dosificación de la concentración plasmática, evaluación de adherencia mediante el cuestionario simplificado de adherencia a la medicación (SMAQ) y retiro de medicación. Se utilizó un modelo poblacional referenciado en la bibliografía para la predicción de concentraciones de dolutegravir en cada paciente y se compararon con las concentraciones experimentales.Resultados: fueron incluidos en el estudio 21 pacientes. Al cotejar las concentraciones plasmáticas experimentales con la simulación farmacocinética se encontraron diferencias para 12 pacientes, las cuales se explican por posibles interacciones farmacológicas, mala adherencia u otros factores que afectan la farmacocinética. Se detectó 38% de no adherencia de acuerdo con SMAQ y 23% de acuerdo con el retiro de medicación.Conclusiones: se expone el rol potencial de los modelos farmacocinéticos para la interpretación de concentraciones plasmáticas y se genera la necesidad de avanzar en este tipo de estudios para el establecimiento de rango terapéutico y aplicabilidad clínica.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE & CHATGPT FOR COMMUNICATION SCIENCE
Authors: ULUSOY Şebnem GÜRSOY
Published: July 2024

When expressing the period in which today's modern man lives, it is seen that the concepts of insatiability and dissatisfaction come to the fore and that he is heading towards a world where transience and quick giving up are at the
forefront. Augmented reality applications, especially those that keep the pulse of the post-modern society, aim to make people enjoy the moment they live more. Chat GPT has taken on the role of the grandmother of modern man. While
people from traditional social structures consult their family elders on certain issues, the existence of an all-knowing artificial intelligence has emerged with ChatGPT. Now society has started to learn the unknown from the digital
universe, not from its elders. Within the scope of the research, open-ended questions were asked to 5 university students to share their experiences of using ChatGPT. The research was designed as a preliminary research. The interactions
of the young audience with artificial intelligence applications were examined.
REVIEW OF TURKISH TEACHING THEMED THESES WRITTEN BETWEEN 2020-2023 ACCORDING TO APA 7 IN TERMS OF REFERENCES
Authors: Dr. Mustafa ARSLAN Prof. , YUMŞAK Fetullah
Published: July 2024

Akademik metinlerin bilimsel kurallara göre doğru, eksiksiz yazılması ve ilgilileri tarafından anlaşılması için dikkat edilmesi gereken birçok unsur vardır. Bunlardan biri de yazım çalışmalarının bileşenlerinden olan alıntı yapma-referans
göstermedir. Bu çalışma 2020-2023 yılları arasında Türkçe öğretimi konusunda yapılmış tezlerin gönderme (referans) açısından APA 7’ye uygunluğunun incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada nitel veri toplama yöntemlerinden doküman
analizi ile datalar toplanmıştır. YÖK-Tez veri tabanına kayıtlı 15 doktora tezinden elde edilen veriler oluşturulan Microsoft Excel tabloları üzerinden içereik analizi ile yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre doktora tezlerinin
bölümlere, alıntı çeşidine göre referans gösterme bakımından APA 7’ye uygunluğunda bazı sorunların olduğu saptanmıştır. Tezlerde en fazla atıf göstermenin doğal olarak Kavramsal Çerçeve bölümlerinde sıklaştığı görülmüştür. Bununla
birlikte bölüm bazında metin içi referansların hata oranına bakıldığında Kavramsal Çerçeve bölümlerinde bu oranın (%62,37) en yüksek olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Referans türüne göre direk alıntılara oranla en fazla hata oranı Dolaylı
alıntılarda (Atıf) yapılmştır. Akademik unvana göre Profesör Doktorların danışmanlığında yürütülen doktora tezlerinde referans hata oranının daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF FINE DINING (LUXURY) RESTAURANTS IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Authors: TÜREDİ Dr. Öğr. Üy. Selda
Published: July 2024

Fine dining restoranlar, lüks bir atmosfere ve iyi bir şekilde eğitilmiş çalışanlar tarafınca sağlanmakta olan yüksek kaliteli hizmete sahip restoran işletmeleridir. Fine dining restoran işletmelerinin hizmetleri, daha üst düzey ve
profesyoneldir. Görece karmaşık hizmetler ya da prosedürler yelpazesini barındıran kapsamlı yemek hizmeti portföylerine sahip fine dining restoran işletmeleri, tüketicilerin nispeten yüksek fiyatlar ödediği lüks ve zarif bir atmosfere
sahiptir. Fine dining restoranlarında porsiyonlama ve görselliğin yeniden satın alma niyeti üzerindeki etkisi çok önemlidir.
CERAMİCS OF JAPANSE JOMON PERİOD
Authors: BAĞIRLI Rasim
Published: July 2024

Eski çağ insanlarının geçmişteki yaşamlarını, kültür, teknoloji, inanç ve davranışlarını anlama ve anlamlandırmamızda seramiklerin rolü ve önemi oldukça büyüktür. Japon Jomon Devri seramikleri günümüz seramik tarihi literatüründe dünyanın
en eski seramikleri unvanına sahip olması ve dünyada başka benzerlerinin olmaması iddiasıyla birlikte tasarım, plastik değer, estetik ve üzerlerinde yer alan ip desenli süslemelerinden dolayı önem arz etmektedir. Japon takımadalarında
radyokarbon yöntemiyle yapılmış kronolojik tarihlendirmesi birkaç evreden oluşan geniş bir coğrafi alanda ve farklı bölgelerde gelişerek varlık gösteren Jomon Devri kültürüne ait seramiklerin kronoloji evreleri, tarihsel, sanatsal,
plastik, form ve süsleme özellikleriyle seramik sanatı tarihi açısından önemi ve niteliği araştırmanın konusu olmuştur. Çalışmada Japon kültüründe özel ve ayrıcalıklı bir yere sahip olan Jomon Devri seramiklerinin tarihsel süreç
içerisindeki gelişimi ve özellikleri geniş literatür taraması sonucu ulaşılarak elde edilen örnekler üzerinden incelenmiştir.
THE ROLE OF THE ETHICS COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC OFFICERS IN PREVENTING CORRUPTION
Authors: KILINÇ Burak
Published: July 2024

İnsanoğlu sosyal bir varlık olması nedeniyle çeşitli ihtiyaçları vardır. Bu ihtiyaçlarını tek başına karşılaması mümkün olmadığı için örgütlü bir yapıya ihtiyaç duyar. Bu örgütlü yapı içinde düzenin tesis edilmesi için yöneticilere
ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Bazı yöneticiler ise yönetici olmalarından kaynaklı ellerinde bulundurdukları kamusal yetkiyi kendi menfaatleri doğrultusunda kullanarak yolsuzluğa neden olurlar. Yolsuzluğun çeşitli sebepleri vardır. Bunları
sosyal, siyasal, ekonomik ve hukuki sebepler olmak üzere 4 ana gruba ayırmak mümkündür. Bu yolsuzluk sebepleri incelenirken bu sebeplerin arkasında dürüstlük, tutarlılık, tarafsızlık, sorumluluk, güvenilirlik gibi etik değerlerden
yoksun yönetici ve personelin olduğu görülmüştür. Yolsuzluklar, toplumların güvenini sarsan ve hukukun üstünlüğünü zayıflatan önemli sorunlardır. Bu sorunun çözümünde, kamu görevlileri etik kurulları önemli bir rol oynamaktadır.
Bu kurullar, kamu hizmetinde bulunan yetkililerin ve kurumların etik davranışlarını denetlemek, teşvik etmek ve yolsuzlukların önlenmesine katkıda bulunmak için çeşitli faaliyetlerde bulunur. Kamu görevlileri etik kurullarının
rolü, öncelikle etik standartların belirlenmesi ve izlenmesinde yatar. Bu kurullar, kamu görevlileri için geçerli olan etik kuralları ve standartları belirler ve bunların uygulanmasını gözlem altında tutarlar. Ayrıca, kurullar,
kamu görevlilerini etik konularda eğitir ve bilgilendirir. Bu eğitimler aracılığıyla, kamu görevlilerine etik ilkeleri anlatır, etik dışı davranışların sonuçlarını vurgular ve doğru davranışları teşvik ederler. Kamu görevlileri
etik kurulları, ayrıca etik dışı davranışlarla ilgili şikayetleri inceleyerek soruşturur ve gerektiğinde disiplin önlemleri alır. Bu kurullar, yolsuzluk iddialarını araştırarak adaletin sağlanmasına ve kamu kaynaklarının korunmasına
yardımcı olur. Ayrıca, kurum içi denetimler ve raporlamalar yoluyla potansiyel yolsuzlukları belirler ve bu konuda gerekli önlemleri alırlar. Son olarak, kamu görevlileri etik kurulları, kamu çalışanlarına etik konularla ilgili
danışmanlık ve rehberlik hizmetleri sunar. Bu şekilde, kamu görevlilerine etik zorluklarla başa çıkma konusunda yardımcı olur ve doğru kararlar almalarını teşvik ederler. Tüm bu faaliyetlerin amacı, adil, şeffaf ve hesap verebilir
bir kamu hizmeti anlayışının oluşturulmasına katkıda bulunmaktır. Kamu görevlileri etik kurulları, yolsuzlukların önlenmesi ve etik değerlerin yaygınlaştırılmasında kritik bir rol oynarlar ve toplumun güvenini kazanmak için önemli
bir araç olarak görülürler. Bu çalışmada kamuda etik(ahlak) kültürünü yerleştirmek ve etik dışı davranışları tespit etmek amacıyla kurulan Kamu Görevlileri Etik Kurulunun yolsuzlukla mücadele anlamında rolü araştırılmıştır.
Identified The Next Alternative CSR Program at PT Pertamina Integrated Terminal Jakarta: Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach
Authors: Putu Octavio I Gusti , Aulia Zaim Ilma , Silas Mussry Jacob
Published: July 2024

This study critically examines the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs of Pertamina Integrated Terminal Jakarta (ITJ), employing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology and thematic analysis. The background is to establish an appropriate mechanism for planning CSR programs and demonstrate accountability to internal stakeholders. The study also utilizes an AHP Online System provided by BPMSG to generate objective results. In-depth thematic analysis of interviews reveals a strong integration of CSR into Pertamina ITJ’s business strategy, focusing on community development, sustainability, and stakeholder engagement. The qualitative analysis identifies themes related to the implementation of green buildings in CSR, the importance of program management, evaluation, and continuous improvement. The AHP results indicate that continuous improvement and innovation in CSR programs are prioritized, along with community development and empowerment. Effective management, risk management, and impact measurement are also emphasized, demonstrating the company's commitment to systematic oversight and continuous improvement. The study concludes that Pertamina ITJ's CSR strategy effectively combines systematic management, risk mitigation, and ethical responsibility. While it excels in program management and stakeholder engagement, there are opportunities for enhancement in community development, impact assessment, and sustainability integration.
Semiotika Pantun Minang pada Masyarakat Minangkabau Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Astuti Dina Putri Juni
Published: July 2024

Semiotika sebagai salah satu metode analisis penelitian mengkaji tentang tanda, sangat menarik untuk di analisis pada sastra lisan berupa pantun. Penggunaan metode ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikananalisis teks semiotika pantun Minang pada masyarakat Minnagkabau Kota bengkulu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan semiotik. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Minang yang menggunakan pantun Minang dengan data penelitian adalah teks pantun Minang berjumlah 32 Pantun yang diperoleh dari kegiatan formal dan nonformal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Tanda Ikon lebih sering digunakan pada diksi kata benda dengan penempatannya berada di baris pertama dan kedua pantun Minang. Sedangkan tanda indeks ditandai dengan semua aktifitas kehidupan yang mana pada pantun Minang seringkali muncul di baris kedua atau ketiga pantun Minang. Serta tanda simbol memiliki makna tersurat dan tersirat di dalam pantun yang letaknya sering kali berada di isi pantun, atau pada baris ketiga dan keempat pantun Minang. Dengan demikian, semiotika pada pantun Minang terdapat disetiap unsur permainan kata pada diksi pantun Minang Masyarakat Minangkabau Kota Bengkulu.
Penerapan Model Group Investigation (GI) dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Eksposisi Kelas VIII SMP PGRI Pagar Alam Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Agustina Rani , Nopriani Henny
Published: July 2024

Menulis teks eksposisi menduduki peraanan penting dalam pembelajaran menulis. Hal ini disebabkan menulis eksposisi adalah suatu proses untuk menjelaskan atau memberikan pengertian dengan gaya penulisan yang singkat, padat, dan akurat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil penerapan model group investigation (GI) dalam pembelajaran menulis teks eksposisi kelas VIII SMP PGRI Pagar Alam Tahun 2018/019. Populasi berjumlah 230 orang. Sampel penelitian ini diambil secara bertujuan hanya 1 kelas yaitu kelas VII.4 yang berjumlah 30 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu tes unjuk kerja menulis teks eksposisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan menerapkan model group investigatio (GI) dalam menulis teks eksposisi kelas VIII4 SMP PGRI Pagar Alam dapat diperoleh nilai rata-rata 85.5.
Analisis Kohesi Gramatikal Konjungsi dalam Wacana Novel Ayah Karya Andrea Hirata
Authors: Saputro Ardianna Artati , Sevira Endah Ridha
Published: July 2024

Sebuah novel biasanya menceritakan tentang kehidupan manusia dalam berinteraksi dengan lingkungan dan sesamanya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan jenis konjungsi yang terdapat dalam novel Ayah karya Andrea Hirata dan fungsi bahasa pada konjungsi yang terdapat dalam novel Ayah karya Andrea Hirata. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini berupa novel Ayah karya Andrea Hirata. Teknik pengumpulan data memakai teknik simak cacat yaitu membaca serta mengamati lalu mencatat hasil penelitian tentang kohesi gramatikal konjungsi dalam wacana novel tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat konjungsi koordinatif, konjungsi subordinatif, konjungsi korelatif, konjungsi antar kalimat, dan konjungsi antar paragraf. Dari beberapa konjungsi tersebut masih ada yang dipetakan kembali menjadi beberapa konjungsi yang termasuk di dalamnya. Diharapkan penelitian ini bisa menjadi tolak ukur dalam penelitian lain yang berkaitan dengan kohesi gramatikal konjungsi dalam wacana. Sehingga dalam penelitian tentang Analisis Kohesi Gramatikal Konjungsi dalam Wacana Novel Ayah Karya Andrea Hirata dapat bermanfaat bagi semua masyarakat.
Kohesi dan Koherensi Ragam Bahasa Percakapan Masyarakat Pendatang di Daerah Pangandaran Kabupaten Ciamis
Authors: Mazhud Nurfathana
Published: July 2024

Daerah Pangandaran menjadi objek wisata primadona Jawa Barat, konon sudah cukup terkenal sejak zaman penjajahan Belanda. Hal inilah yang menjadi alasan untuk melakukan penelitian. Adapun tujuan penelitian yakni (1) untuk mengetahui bahasa percakapan yang lebih dominan digunakan; (2) untuk mengetahui ketepatan pelafalan dalam penggunaan kosakata bahasa Sunda; dan (3) untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab munculnya ragam bahasa. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian survei. Survei digunakan untuk memperoleh dan mengumpulkan data atau informasi tentang objek penelitian yaitu percakapan. Berdasarkan uraian hasil penelitian dan pembahasan maka dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: (1) Bahasa yang digunakan yaitu: bahasa Sunda, bahasa Jawa, bahasa Indonesia, dan adapula yang kadang menggunakan bahasa Inggris jika wisatawan mancanegara yang berkunjung ke sana tidak mengetahui bahasa Indonesia; (2) Dari segi kohesi wacana menunjukkan bahwa dalam data tersebut terdapat pemarkah kohesi yang digunakan oleh penutur dalam percakapan, baik bentuk reduplikasi maupun konjungsi yang digunakan dalam kalimat yang dituturkan dan digunakan dalam suasana dan tempat yang sama; dan (3) Dari segi koherensi wacana dalam setiap analisis percakapan yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua percakapan menunjukkan koherensi suatu wacana, namun terdapat pula percakapan yang tidak menunjukkan koherensi disebabkan karena banyaknya penutur sehingga munculnya topik baru dalam percakapan tersebut sulit untuk dihindari.