bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Clinical Practice, Teaching, and Research in Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Authors: Guan Huifang , Xu Yan , Zhao Dexi
Published: August 2022

Background. The application of virtual reality (VR) in clinical settings is growing rapidly, with encouraging results. As VR has been introduced into complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), a systematic review must be undertaken to understand its current status. Aim. This review aims to evaluate and summarize the current applications of VR in CAM, as well as to explore potential directions for future research and development. Methods. After a brief description of VR technology, we discuss the past 20 years of clinical VR applications in the medical field. Then, we discuss the theoretical basis of the combination of VR technology and CAM, the research thus far, and practical factors regarding usability, etc., from the following three main aspects: clinical application, teaching, and scientific research. Finally, we summarize and propose hypotheses on the application of VR in CAM and its limitations. Results. Our review of the theoretical underpinnings and research findings to date leads to the prediction that VR and CAM will have a significant impact on future research and practice. Conclusion. Although there is still much research needed to advance the science in this area, we strongly believe that VR applications will become indispensable tools in the toolbox of CAM researchers and practitioners and will only grow in relevance and popularity in the era of digital health.
Degradation Kinetics and Durability Enhancement Strategies of Cellulosic Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymers and Cement Composites
Authors: Addis Lulseged Belay , Sendekie Zenamarkos Bantie , Satheesh Neela
Published: August 2022

The need to overcome the low energy-absorbing response and low tensile strength of geopolymers and cementitious materials has motivated researchers to develop fiber-reinforced composites. Interestingly, natural cellulosic fibers provide exciting prospects for advancements in bio-based materials compared to synthetic fibers. Incorporating fibers in such binders offer a crack limiting effect by creating multiple cracks than forming one major crack, usually leading to improved toughness and tensile strength of the composites. However, their sensitivity in alkaline media and environmental fluctuations deteriorates their durability and reinforcing capacity in composites. Therefore, exploring suitable mitigation strategies for such drawbacks of natural fibers based on previous research work and figuring out the existing gaps for further developments is extremely important. In this paper, cellulosic fiber degradation in geopolymer and cement-based matrices and the respective remedial actions have been reviewed based on a comprehensive analysis of the available literature. The influence of fiber modification and matrix treatment on the durability and strength characteristics of such composites is thoroughly discussed. Finally, recommendations and suggestions for further research in the field are presented.
Nocardial Infection in the Early Period after Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Gupta Sudeendra , Abdulbaki Ammar , El Hajj Sandra , Nusair Ahmad , Mooty Mohamad , Attallah Nizar
Published: August 2022

Patients with solid organ transplant have weaker immune system and can develop opportunistic infections. Prophylactic antimicrobials can help lower that risk but do not prevent it completely. High index of suspicion increases the chance of diagnosing rare opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients and helps early and effective treatment. We present a unique case of a patient who developed pneumonia from Nocardia early after kidney transplant despite being on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) prophylaxis. He was diagnosed and treated early which helped improving his outcome. We discuss incidence, risk factors, and treatment of nocardiosis post kidney transplant.
A Small Sample Recognition Model for Poisonous and Edible Mushrooms based on Graph Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Zhu Li , Pan Xin , Wang Xinpeng , Haito Fu
Published: August 2022

The automatic identification of disease types of edible mushroom crops and poisonous crops is of great significance for improving crop yield and quality. Based on the graph convolutional neural network theory, this paper constructs a graph convolutional network model for the identification of poisonous crops and edible fungi. By constructing 6 graph convolutional networks with different depths, the model uses the training mechanism of graph convolutional networks to analyze the results of disease identification and completes the automatic extraction of the disease characteristics of the poisonous crops by overfitting problem. During the simulation, firstly, the relevant PlantVillage dataset is used to obtain the pretrained model, and the parameters are adjusted to fit the dataset. The network framework is trained and parameterized with prior knowledge learned from large datasets and finally synthesized by training multiple neural network models and using direct averaging and weighting to synthesize their predictions. The experimental results show that the graph convolutional neural network model that integrates multi-scale category relationships and dense links can use dense connection technology to improve the representation ability and generalization ability of the model, and the accuracy rate generally increases by 1%–10%. The average recognition rate is about 91%, which greatly promotes the ability to identify the diseases of poisonous crops.
Effects of the Dectin-2/TNF-α Pathway on Ventricular Arrhythmia after Acute Myocardial Infarction in Mice
Authors: Feng Wei , Wang Zhaojun , Shi Leilei
Published: August 2022

Background. Inflammatory responses are involved in ischemic injuries and cardiac repair after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Dectin-2 is a C-type lectin receptor that induces cytokine production and promotes local inflammatory responses. Methods. Sixty C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to a sham-surgery group, AMI group, or AMI + etanercept group, with 20 mice in each group. Programmed electrical stimulation (PES) was used to anesthetized mice to induce ventricular tachycardia. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot analysis were adopted to determine the expression and distribution of dectin-2 in heart tissues. The tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL) 4, and IL-5 levels in the serum were determined using ELISAs. Results. The expression of dectin-2 and TNF-α was increased in the myocardium in AMI, and the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmia (VA) was increased. The induction rate of VA was significantly decreased by etanercept. Compared with those in the sham-surgery group, the AMI group showed significantly higher serum TNF-α and IFN-γ levels and lower IL-4 and IL-5levels. Conclusion. Dectin-2 intensifies the activation of the TNF-α immune reaction through the Th1 differentiation, which may increase vulnerability to VA in AMI.
An Improved Gray Neural Network Method to Optimize Spatial and Temporal Characteristics Analysis of Land-Use Change
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Wei , Qiao Jiajun , Zhang Ershen
Published: August 2022

In this article, the principles of the gray model and BP neural network model are analyzed, and the characteristics of land-use change and spatial and temporal distribution are studied in-depth, and at the same time, to explore the influence of land-use change on ESV, the relationship between the two is analyzed using gray correlation degree, and a mathematical model is constructed to maximize the benefits of the regional system, coupling economic and ecological benefits, combined with Geo SOS-FLUS model to achieve the optimization of land use. This article constructs a combined prediction model of a gray neural network. The gray differential equation parameters correspond to the weights and thresholds of the neural network, and the optimized parameters are determined by training the neural network to make it stable. Then the training results of the BP neural network are fitted with the results obtained from the gray GM (1.1) model. Finally, the prediction results of the three models, gray GM (1.1), BP God Meridian, and gray neural network model, are compared and analyzed. The global spatial autocorrelation and local spatial aggregation patterns of regional soil erosion and its erosion factors are analyzed using the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) method in spatial measurement theory.
Artificial Intelligence System Detection in English Teaching Based on Heuristic Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Tang Jingwei , Deng Yi
Published: August 2022

Using the traditional English teaching mode is difficult to help correct students, and it is difficult to achieve human-computer interaction in oral English communication. In order to improve the effect of English detection and improve teaching efficiency, this article builds an artificial intelligence-assisted teaching system suitable for English teaching based on heuristic genetic algorithms. Furthermore, this article extends the multioffspring genetic algorithm, improves the offspring generation method, and proposes GMOGA, which makes the choice of the number of offspring more flexible. At the same time, it also enables the value of the number of children of the algorithm to be a value that cannot be obtained by the previous algorithm, which further improves the efficiency of the algorithm. In addition, this article combines the actual needs to construct the functional structure of the artificial intelligence system and designs two sets of comparative experiments to verify and analyze the model’s performance. The research results show that the model constructed in this article meets the multifunctional requirements of the system and can be applied to practice.
Low‐Carbon Supplier Selection Using Fuzzy AHP and Goal Programming Approach
Authors: Huang Feipeng
Published: August 2022

It has become the leading world trend that all countries join hands to respond to climate change and promote green and low‐carbon development. In this background, more and more enterprises seek to control carbon emissions from the source and reduce indirect carbon emissions, consequently paying increased importance to the carbon footprint of their suppliers. Most of the earlier studies concerning supplier selection mainly focus on traditional factors, such as quality, service, and lead time, but minimal importance to the carbon emission of supplies. This study fills this gap by incorporating carbon emission criteria into supplier selection and presenting a method of combining fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy goal programming (GP) to address the problem of supplier selection and order quota allocation. Firstly, we use fuzzy AHP to evaluate the relevance and importance of supplier selection criteria according to the experts’ opinions. Second, each objective is given weights according to the fuzzy AHP results, and then the fuzzy GP method is used for supplier selection and order quota allocation. Finally, we implement an example study with a data set from a realistic situation, and the results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in an uncertain environment.
A Hybrid Control Algorithm Fuzzy-PI with the Second Derivative of the Error Signal for an Active Suspension System
Authors: Nguyen Duc Ngoc , Nguyen Tuan Anh
Published: August 2022

A vehicle’s oscillation can be improved by using an active suspension system to replace the conventional passive suspension system. The active suspension system operates on the control signal from the controller. This paper introduces the Fuzzy-PI integrated control algorithm to control the system’s efficiency. The Fuzzy algorithm adjusts the KP and KI parameters of the controller. This response depends on the oscillation state of the vehicle. A quarter model with a hydraulic actuator was used in this research. The simulation process takes place in the MATLAB-Simulink environment. In the first case, the maximum and average values of displacement and acceleration of the sprung mass when the vehicle uses the Fuzzy-PI algorithm are only 2.68%, 1.34%, and 1.65%, 0.66%, respectively, compared to the situation of vehicles using the passive suspension system. For the second case, these values are 3.33%, 1.69%, and 2.01%, 0.73%, respectively. As a result, the vehicle’s stability and comfort are greatly enhanced when the integrated controller is used. Besides, the change of KP and KI parameters is also completely suitable for the vehicle’s driving conditions. This research only leads to calculations and simulations; the experimental process is expected to occur soon.
Impact of Using Double Positive Samples in Deming Regression
Authors: Adarkwa Samuel Akwasi , Owusu Frank Kofi , Okyere Samuel
Published: August 2022

In the method comparison approach, two measurement errors are observed. The classical regression approach (linear regression) method cannot be used for the analysis because the method may yield biased and inefficient estimates. In view of that, the Deming regression is preferred over the classical regression. The focus of this work is to assess the impact of censored data on the traditional regression, which deletes the censored observations compared to an adapted version of the Deming regression that takes into account the censored data. The study was done based on simulation studies with NLMIXED being used as a tool to analyse the data. Eight different simulation studies were run in this study. Each of the simulation is made up of 100 datasets with 300 observations. Simulation studies suggest that the traditional Deming regression which deletes censored observations gives biased estimates and a low coverage, whereas the adapted Deming regression that takes censoring into account gives estimates that are close to the true value making them unbiased and gives a high coverage. When the analytical error ratio is misspecified, the estimates are as well not reliable and biased.
Biological Application of Novel Biodegradable Cellulose Composite as a Hemostatic Material
Authors: Zhu Xulong , Wang Jianxiong , Wu Shuhan , Liu Tian , Lin Guangshuai , Shang Bin , Ma Jia , Lu Wudang , Zhang Feifei , Li Jianhui , Wang Jue
Published: August 2022

Degradable hemostatic materials have unique advantages in reducing the amount of bleeding, shortening the surgical operation time, and improving patient prognosis. However, none of the current hemostatic materials are ideal and have disadvantages. Therefore, a novel biodegradable cellulose-based composite hemostatic material was prepared by crosslinking sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CCNa) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), following an improved vacuum freeze-drying method. The resulting cellulose composite material was neutral in pH and spongy with a density of 0.042 g/cm3, a porosity of 77.68%, and an average pore size of 13.45 μm. The composite’s compressive and tensile strengths were 0.1 MPa and 15.2 MPa, respectively. Under in vitro conditions, the composites were degraded gradually through petite molecule stripping and dissolution, reaching 96.8% after 14 days and 100% degradation rate at 21 days. When implanted into rats, the degradation rate of the composite was slightly faster, reaching 99.7% in 14 days and 100% in 21 days. Histology showed a stable inflammatory response and no evidence of cell degeneration, necrosis, or abnormal hyperplasia in the tissues around the embedded material, indicating good biocompatibility. In the hemorrhagic liver model, the time to hemostasis and the total blood loss in the cellulose composite group was significantly lower than in the medical gauze group and the blank control group (

P
<
0.05

). These data indicate that the novel cellulose composite is a promising implantable hemostatic material in clinical settings.
Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Response to Deficit Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer and Relationships between Yield, Yield Component, and Protein Content
Authors: Teferi Melaku Fisseha , Tesfaye Bizuayehu , Woldemichael Abraham , Debella Adugna
Published: August 2022

Field experiments were conducted at Adami Tulu, Ethiopia, for two successive dry seasons to investigate how nitrogen levels and deficit irrigation affect the yield and its related components, and the protein content of snap beans. The treatments were deficit irrigation with three levels (50, 75, and 100% ETc) and application of nitrogen with four levels (0, 46, 92, and 138 kg·N·ha−1), which were set up as split-plot arrangement, with irrigation being as the main plot and nitrogen levels as subplot, replicated thrice. Results showed that the pod yield had a substantial impact (p<0.01) on the interaction between the two factors; i.e., interaction of 100% ETc and 92 kg nitrogen levels per hectare recorded the highest pod yield (22.69 t·ha−1), but treatment combinations of 50% ETc and no nitrogen application produced the lowest amount of overall pod yield (6.922 tons per hectare). However, the results showed that the application of 75% ETc in combination with 92 kg nitrogen per hectare recorded the highest protein concentration (17.718%) but statistically equivalent to 138 kg nitrogen per hectare combined with the same deficit irrigation level, while the lowest protein concentration (12.24%) was recorded at 50 ETc combined with no fertilizer. Hence, the use of 75% ETc along with 92 kg nitrogen levels per hectare could be optimal in balancing quality and pod output of green beans at Adami Tulu and surrounding areas.
Location of the Zeros of Certain Complex‐Valued Harmonic Polynomials
Authors: Legesse Geleta Hunduma , Alemu Oluma Ararso
Published: August 2022

Finding the approximate region containing all the zeros of analytic polynomials is a well‐studied problem. But the number of the zeros and regions containing all the zeros of complex‐valued harmonic polynomials is relatively a fresh research area. It is well known that all the zeros of analytic trinomials are enclosed in some annular sectors that take into account the magnitude of the coefficients. Following Kennedy and Dehmer, we provide the zero inclusion regions of all the zeros of complex‐valued harmonic polynomials in general, and in particular, we bound all the zeros of some families of harmonic trinomials in a certain annular region.
Ground Motion and Site Characteristics Evaluation Using Hilbert-Huang Transform Method Based on Light-Moderate Earthquakes
Authors: Chen Jinchang , Wang Lanmin , Che Ailan , Zhou Hanxu
Published: August 2022

Compared with strong earthquakes (Ms ≥ 6.0), light-moderate earthquakes (Ms 4–5.9) occurred more frequently and distributed more widely, and rich ground motions have been collected around world. It provides a solid data base for the investigation on the ground motion and regional site characteristics which are closely related to seismic geological disaster. We chose two light-moderate earthquakes in China as study cases. Based on Hilbert-Huang transform, we analyzed the ground motion characteristics in time-frequency domain. Using a stable coda wave and marginal spectrum of it based on horizontal to vertical Fourier spectral ratio (HVSR) method, the site characteristics are clarified. Result shows that the amplitude (instantaneous frequency energy) of Hilbert-Huang spectrum is mainly concentrated within 20 Hz at the stations that are close to epicenter. The energy will change from concentration to divergence in time and frequency and decrease with the increase of epicenter distance under soil site condition. Two earthquakes present a low prominent frequency characteristic (1.075–2.45 Hz). Hilbert energy at soil layer is about 3 times greater than it at rock site when the epicenter distance is close and soil layer can also amplify the instantaneous energy. The predominant frequency of site at each station is within 3.6–6.2 Hz. The predominant frequencies of the earthquakes are lower than the predominant frequencies of the sites and would not produce resonance effects. The result can provide meaningful references for later study works about the characteristics and application of light-moderate earthquakes.
High-Frequency Cerebellar rTMS Improves the Swallowing Function of Patients with Dysphagia after Brainstem Stroke
Authors: Dong Ling-hui , Pan Xiaona , Wang Yuyang , Bai Guangtao , Han Chao , Wang Qiang , Meng Pingping
Published: August 2022

Objective. To explore the efficacy of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the swallowing motor area of the cerebellum in patients with dysphagia after brainstem stroke. Methods. A total of 36 patients with dysphagia after brainstem stroke were recruited and divided into 3 groups. Before stimulation, single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to determine the swallowing dominant cerebellar hemisphere and the representation of the mylohyoid muscle. The three groups of patients received bilateral cerebellar sham stimulation, dominant cerebellar rTMS + contralateral sham stimulation, or bilateral cerebellar rTMS. The stimulus plan for each side was 10 Hz, 80% resting movement threshold (rMT), 250 pulses, 1 s per stimulus, and 9 s intervals. Sham rTMS was performed with the coil held at 90° to the scalp. The changes in the motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude and the clinical swallowing function scales of the patients after stimulation were compared among the three groups. Results. 34 patients were finally included for statistical analysis. The scores of penetration aspiration scale (PAS) and functional dysphagia scale (FDS) of the patients after 2 weeks of rTMS in the unilateral stimulation group and bilateral stimulation group were better than that in the sham stimulation group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. The increase in the MEP amplitude of the cerebral hemisphere in the bilateral stimulation group was higher than that in the other two groups, and the increase in the MEP amplitude in the unilateral stimulation group was higher than that in sham stimulation group. There was no correlation between the improvement in patients’ clinical swallowing function (PAS scores and FDS scores) and the increase in MEP amplitude in either the unilateral stimulation group or the bilateral stimulation group. Conclusion. High-frequency rTMS in the cerebellum can improve swallowing function in PSD patients and increase the excitability of the representation of swallowing in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres. Compared with unilateral cerebellar rTMS, bilateral stimulation increased the excitability of the cerebral swallowing cortex more significantly, but there was no significant difference in clinical swallowing function.
Diagnostic Value and Prognostic Significance of Procalcitonin Combined with C-Reactive Protein in Patients with Bacterial Bloodstream Infection
Authors: Zhang Yan , La Mei , Sun Jihong , Chen Mimi , Liu Dandan , Liu Xiaolin , Kang Yating
Published: August 2022

Objective. To study the clinical values and implications for the prognosis of procalcitonin (PCT) combined with C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with bacterial bloodstream infection. Methods. One hundred and twenty patients with infection hospitalized from Mar. 2020 to Jun. 2021 were chosen as subjects. All participants were tested for serum PCT, hs-CRP, and blood culture. According to the types of pathogenic bacteria, they were divided into the gram-negative bacteria bloodstream infection group (

n
=
53

) and the gram-positive bacteria bloodstream infection group (

n
=
31

). Depending on the prognostic outcome of the participants after 28 days, they were categorized into survival and fatality cohorts. The PCT and hs-CRP levels were compared to explore diagnostic value implications for the prognosis of the cases with bacterial bloodstream infection. Results. Serum PCT and hs-CRP values in the positive cohort were higher than those in the negative cohort. The levels of serum PCT and hs-CRP in pulmonary infection were higher than those in the group with negative cases, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). There were 27 gram-positive participants and 9 gram-negative cases in the positive cohort. The serum PCT value of gram-negative bacterial infection was greater than that of gram-positive bacterial infection. The value of serum PCT in the gram-negative bacterial infection group was higher than that in the gram-positive bacterial infection group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). The areas under the curve (AUCs) of PCT, combination of hs-CRP and PCT, and hs-CRP were 0.946, 0.783, and 0.991, respectively. The combined examination of PCT and hs-CRP was the largest, PCT was the second, and hs-CRP was the lowest. These results indicated that the accuracy of combined detection of PCT and hs-CRP in the diagnostic bloodstream infection was the highest (0.991), followed by PCT (0.946) and the lowest (0.783). The PCT and hs-CRP levels of the survival cohort were lower than those in the death cohort. AUCs of PCT, hs-CRP and PCT, and hs-CRP were 0.848, 0.826, and 0.934, respectively. The combined examination of PCT and hs-CRP was the largest, followed by PCT and hs-CRP. The accuracy of the combination of PCT and hs-CRP was the highest (0.934), followed by PCT (0.848), and the diagnostic accuracy of hs-CRP was the lowest (0.826). Conclusion. There were significant differences in the levels of PCT and CRP between the gram-positive bacteria group and the gram-positive bacteria group. PCT and CRP have high diagnostic values in predicting the short-term prognosis of patients. PCT and CRP assist clinical diagnosis and guide treatment and play a positive role in early treatment and prognosis evaluation of patients.
Concrete Surface Crack Recognition Based on Coordinate Attention Neural Networks
Authors: Zhang Yuhao , Wang Zhongwei
Published: August 2022

In highway transportation infrastructure such as highways and tunnels, the proportion of concrete consumption is the highest, and concrete cracks are common concrete problems. Concrete cracks will greatly affect the bearing capacity and safety of the structure, easily leading to the interruption of transportation lines, causing great economic losses, and endangering personnel safety. Therefore, the effective identification and timely reporting of concrete cracks is of great significance for the maintenance of infrastructure such as roads and tunnels. In this paper, the CaNet, a deep learning network for identifying concrete cracks, is proposed, which takes ResNet50 as the backbone network. In order to capture the area with a small proportion of cracks, we added coordinate attention to the residual unit of ResNet50 to capture the cross-channel information, direction-aware information, and position-sensitive information from many vertical and horizontal directions so that the network can more accurately locate the narrow crack area. In experiments 3.2 and 3.3, the CaNet has an accuracy rate of 89.6%, which is higher than that of the compared network. In addition, the recall, F1 score, and precision of the CaNet network are 86%, 85%, and 87% , respectively. Therefore, the CaNet model is effective for identifying concrete cracks.
Streptococcus pneumoniae Coinfection in COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit: A Series of Four Cases
Authors: Shah Shrey , Karlapalem Chaitanya , Patel Pratik , Madan Nikhil
Published: August 2022

Bacterial coinfections in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia are uncommon, when compared to coinfections with other respiratory viruses. For example, the prevalence of bacterial coinfections in hospitalized seasonal influenza patients can exceed 30%, whereas the prevalence of bacterial coinfections in SARS-CoV-2 infection is less than 4%. Bacterial coinfections increase the severity of respiratory viral infections and have been associated with higher mortality and morbidity. Current literature shows that diagnostic testing and antibiotic therapy for bacterial infections are not necessary upon admission in majority of patients with SARS-CoV-2 patients. It is however important for the clinician to be cognizant of these coinfections since missing the diagnosis may pose a substantial risk to vulnerable COVID-19 patients. In that light, we present four cases of Streptococcus pneumoniae coinfections complicating confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Research on Rejuvenation of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Block Copolymer Modified Asphalt with Rejuvenating Agent Based on Pre-Mixing Method
Authors: Wang Rui , Wu Hongjuan , Zhang Wei , Chen Chengqin
Published: August 2022

The traditional addition method of rejuvenating agent used in the laboratory is inconsistent with the actual situation of the project, which reduces the reliability of the test results. In this paper, the way of premixing rejuvenating agent and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and extracting asphalt binder is selected, and the modification effect, mechanism, and optimal content of rejuvenating agent on Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Block Copolymer (SBS) modified asphalt are studied. In this paper, the asphalt in RAP is recycled and restored with different content of regenerant, and the conventional technical performance and Performance Graded (PG) grade of regenerated asphalt was tested. The composite equation of regenerated viscosity of SBS-modified asphalt was analyzed, and the pavement performance of regenerated SBS-modified asphalt mixture with different content of rejuvenating agent and RAP was tested, such as high-temperature stability, low-temperature crack resistance, and water stability. Finally, the determination method of the optimal content of rejuvenating agent was discussed. The results show that it is reliable to predict the viscosity, penetration, and softening point of regenerated asphalt by viscosity logarithmic composite equation. The content of rejuvenating agent has a certain influence on the PG classification of SBS-modified asphalt, which is mainly reflected in the low-temperature critical temperature. There is a certain content of rejuvenating agent to make the high-temperature stability of regenerated SBS-modified asphalt mixture reach the maximum. When the content of rejuvenating agent reaches a certain value, the low-temperature crack resistance and water stability of regenerated SBS-modified asphalt mixture no longer increase significantly with the increase of the content of regenerant. Using the three-level determination method of the optimal content of rejuvenating agent proposed in this paper, the optimal content and reasonable content range of rejuvenating agent can be obtained, which makes the technical performance of regenerated asphalt, PG grade, and the pavement performance of regenerated SBS-modified asphalt mixture meet the specification requirements.
Current Status and Factors Associated with Clean Operating Rooms: A Survey of Hospitals in China
Authors: Lu Ye , Cai Ran , Xie Zhongyi , Gao Xiaodong , Huang Xiaoqiang , Xu Ji , Li Ye , Hu Guoqing
Published: August 2022

Background. Indoor air quality is controlled in the clean operating room (OR) to reduce the risk of surgical-site infections (SSIs). The aim of this study is to assess the usage and management of clean ORs in China and to identify factors associated with the risk of SSIs. Methods. An online survey was distributed to hospitals in China from August 5 to September 5, 2018 via the WeChat account of the Shanghai International Forum for Infection Control and Prevention. The questionnaire consisted of two parts: basic information (hospital type, level, and number of beds) and usage and management (number of ORs, usage time, maintenance mode, test frequency, compliance with current standards, and comfort of healthcare workers). The significance of factors associated with the cleanliness and maintenance of clean ORs was assessed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results. Among 1,308 responding hospitals, 25.7% failed to comply with current standards. “Maintenance mode” had a significant effect on compliance with current standards for clean ORs (

p
<
0.0001

) and “professional” maintenance was superior to “outsource or no” maintenance (odds ratio = 0.511, 95% confidence interval = 0.367–0.711). There was a significant difference in the comfort of healthcare workers in clean ORs that complied with current standards vs. those that did not (39.92% [388/972] vs. 64.28% [216/336], respectively,

p
<
0.0001

). Humidity was the chief complaint among healthcare workers. Conclusion. Maintenance of clean ORs was significantly associated with the compliance of current standards. Noncompliance with current standards was associated with greater risks of SSIs. Maintenance of ORs for prevention of SSIs should consider the costs and benefits.
Pan-Logical Probabilistic Algorithms Based on Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Liu Fangrong
Published: August 2022

A brand-new kind of flexible logic system called universal logic aims to address a variety of uncertain problems. In this study, the role of convolutional neural networks in assessing probabilistic pan-logic algorithms is investigated. A generic logic probability algorithm analysis based on a convolutional neural network is suggested due to the unpredictable outputs of the probabilistic algorithm and the difficulty of its analysis. The stochastic gradient descent technique and the error backpropagation algorithm are used to investigate the broad logic probability algorithm (SGD). The experimental data presented in this research show that the BP algorithm of the convolutional neural network has an accuracy rate of 89 percent when analysing the experimental data. As there are more experimental iterations, the error will go down. The SGD method proves that raising the algorithm’s learning rate reduces the loss value of the function. The loss value can be as low as 100%, and the algorithm analysis is closer to the real.
Analysis of College Students’ Network Moral Behavior by the History of Ideological and Political Education under Deep Learning
Authors: Zhang Yin
Published: August 2022

The research on the history of ideological and political education (IPE) is the basis for deepening it, and it is also of great help to higher education. The diversity of network information also easily leads to poor guidance for college students who are not strong in discrimination. This study adopts the method of a questionnaire survey to investigate the common moral anomie among college students in the network space. The survey data are sorted and classified and then input into the recurrent neural network structure for data analysis using deep learning (DL) algorithms. The results are fed back to the investigators intuitively and understandably. The results show that some college students have some problems, such as lack of network moral knowledge, vague values, moral behavior anomia, spatial knowledge and behavior inconsistency, and moral and emotional indifference. DL algorithms are added to the analysis process to make the findings more objective. These conclusions provide reference suggestions for subsequent research on college students’ online moral behavior in the context of IPE history.
Mosaic GLUD1 Mutations Associated with Hyperinsulinism Hyperammonemia Syndrome
Authors: Boodhansingh Kara E. , Rosenfeld Elizabeth , Lord Katherine , Adzick N. Scott , Bhatti Tricia , Ganguly Arupa , De Leon Diva D. , Stanley Charles A.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The hyperinsulinemia-hyperammonemia syndrome (HIHA) is the second most common cause of congenital hyperinsulinism and is caused by activating heterozygous missense mutations in GLUD1. In the majority of HIHA cases, the GLUD1 mutation is found to be de novo. We have identified 3 patients in whom clinical evaluation was suggestive of HIHA but with negative mutation analysis in peripheral blood DNA for GLUD1 as well as other known HI genes. Methods: We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) on peripheral blood DNA from two children with clinical features of HIHA in order to look for mosaic mutations in GLUD1. Pancreas tissue was also available in one of these cases for NGS. In addition, NGS was performed on peripheral blood DNA from a woman with a history of HI in infancy whose child had HIHA due to a presumed de novo GLUD1 mutation. Results: Mosaic GLUD1 mutations were identified in these 3 cases at percent mosaicism ranging from 2.7% to 10.4% in peripheral blood. In one case with pancreas tissue available, the mosaic GLUD1 mutation was present at 17.9% and 28.9% in different sections of the pancreas. Two unique GLUD1 mutations were identified in these cases, both of which have been previously reported (c.1493c>t/p.Ser445Leu and c.820c>t/p.Arg221Cys). Conclusion: The results suggest that low-level mosaic mutations in known HI genes may be the underlying molecular mechanism in some children with HI who have negative genetic testing in peripheral blood DNA.
Artificial Intelligence–Enabled Model for Early Detection of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Mortality Prediction in Young to Middle-Aged Adults
Authors: Liu Chih-Min , Hsieh Ming-En , Hu Yu-Feng , Wei Tzu-Yin , Wu I-Chien , Chen Pei-Fen , Lin Yenn-Jiang , Higa Satoshi , Yagi Nobumori , Chen Shih-Ann , Tseng Vincent S.
Published: August 2022

Background:

Concealed left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a prevalent condition that is correlated with a substantial risk of cardiovascular events and mortality, especially in young to middle-aged adults. Early identification of LVH is warranted. In this work, we aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)–enabled model for early detection and risk stratification of LVH using 12-lead ECGs.

Methods:

By deep learning techniques on the ECG recordings from 28 745 patients (20–60 years old), the AI model was developed to detect verified LVH from transthoracic echocardiography and evaluated on an independent cohort. Two hundred twenty-five patients from Japan were externally validated. Cardiologists’ diagnosis of LVH was based on conventional ECG criteria. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were applied to evaluate the model performance. A Cox regression model estimated the independent effects of AI-predicted LVH on cardiovascular or all-cause death.

Results:

The AUC of the AI model in diagnosing LVH was 0.89 (sensitivity: 90.3%, specificity: 69.3%), which was significantly better than that of the cardiologists’ diagnosis (AUC, 0.64). In the second independent cohort, the diagnostic performance of the AI model was consistent (AUC, 0.86; sensitivity: 85.4%, specificity: 67.0%). After a follow-up of 6 years, AI-predicted LVH was independently associated with higher cardiovascular or all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 1.91 [1.04–3.49] and 1.54 [1.20–1.97], respectively). The predictive power of the AI model for mortality was consistently valid among patients of different ages, sexes, and comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes, stroke, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. Last, we also validated the model in the international independent cohort from Japan (AUC, 0.83).

Conclusions:

The AI model improved the detection of LVH and mortality prediction in the young to middle-aged population and represented an attractive tool for risk stratification. Early identification by the AI model gives every chance for timely treatment to reverse adverse outcomes.
Escape from the Land of the Dead: Nart Sagas, Divine Comedy, and the Journey Through the Afterlife
Authors: Ognibene Paolo
Published: August 2022

Journeys in the afterlife are present within the literatures of many peoples, including the Ossetians. In the Tales of the Narts, the hero Soslan enters the Land of the Dead by force, and equally by force he manages to get out of it, and so he tells us what he has seen. This tale has many elements in common with and others profoundly different from Dante’s Comedy and Ardā Vīrāz nāmag.
International Legal Principles, Penal Populism and Criminalisation of ‘Unwanted Migration’
Authors: Minetti Marta
Published: August 2022

The criminalisation of migration is one of the most explicit ways in which law generates, sustains, and even legitimizes hostility towards “unwanted migrants”. This article will take into examination the criminalisation of “unwanted migration” by the Italian authorities and its relation to internationally established legal principles in the area of human mobility, arguing that the expansion of penal populism constitutes a danger for the balance among them. The article starts with an analysis of human mobility in international law and the “protection through prosecution” paradigm to highlight an inherent harmony of the aims of the legal systems dealing with human mobility from the humanitarian and criminal law perspective. Section two scrutinises the Italian case and the populistic distortion of the provisions and principles entailed in the field of transnational criminal law to counter human mobility. Section three reconnects the national criminalisation of migration with the international legal dimension and argues that the misuse of the transnational organised crime framework ultimately legitimises the violation of human and refugee rights and contravenes key international law principles.
Hyalella luciae (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Hyalellidae)—a new species of freshwater amphipod from Southern Brazil
Authors: LIMBERGER MÁRCIO , SANTOS SANDRO , CASTIGLIONI DANIELA DA SILVA
Published: August 2022

Currently, the freshwater amphipod Hyalella Smith, 1874 includes 91 valid species distributed only in the Americas. This study describes the fifth species for the Várzea River basin, located in the northwestern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. Among its most prominent features are the presence of the curve seta on the inner ramus of uropod 1 of the males, sternal gills on segments 2-7, propodus ventral face of the gnathopod 1 with nine serrate setae and several small simple and triangular setae, peduncle of uropod 3 with 11-12 distal cuspidate setae with accessory setae, and telson with fifteen cuspidate setae with accessory setae distributed on distal margin. This study presents a detailed comparison of the species we are describing with those already discovered. The diversity of freshwater amphipods in southern Brazil is intriguing. Further investigations should open the way to elucidate the evolutionary history of these crustaceans, uncovering the potential and patterns of diversification of the genus Hyalella.
Effects of Nonlinear Thermal Radiation and Heat Generation/Absorption on Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Carreau Nanofluid Flow on a Nonlinear Stretching Surface Through a Porous Medium
Authors: Mohamed R. A. , Abo-Dahab S. M. , Soliman M. S.
Published: August 2022

The present paper introduces a numerical study on the electromagnetic flow of Carreau nanofluid on a nonlinearly surface that stretches in a porous medium under the influence of heat absorption/generation and nonlinear thermal radiation besides the effects of thermophoresis and Brownian
motion on the distributions of velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration. The similarity transformations were used in converting the structure of governing partial differential equations into a structure of an ordinary differential equations that subsequently answered numerically
by the Runge-Kutta fourth order technique with shooting technique. Also, graphical forms and numerical tables were used to show the results of all effects of physical coefficients that will be presented later in detail. Finally, some results of the study showed a decline in distributing the
concentration and temperature of nanoparticles when reinforcing the values of the Lewis number and Prandtl number.
VWF-targeted thrombolysis to overcome rh-tPA resistance in experimental murine ischemic stroke models
Authors: van Moorsel Marc V. A. , de Maat Steven , Vercruysse Kristof , van Leeuwen Esther M. , Jacqmarcq Charlène , Bonnard Thomas , Vivien Denis , van der Worp H. Bart , Dijkhuizen Rick M. , Maas Coen
Published: August 2022

Recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator (rh-tPA) is an important thrombolytic agent for treatment of acute ischemic stroke. It requires fibrin binding for plasminogen activation. In contrast, Microlyse, a novel thrombolytic agent, requires von Willebrand factor (VWF) binding for plasminogen activation. We compared rh-tPA with Microlyse, administered 20 minutes after inducing thrombosis, in 2 randomized blinded acute ischemic stroke mouse models. Thrombosis was induced in the middle cerebral artery with different experimental triggers. Where thrombin infusion generates fibrin-rich thrombi, topical FeCl3 application generates platelet-rich thrombi. In the fibrin-rich model, both rh-tPA and Microlyse increased cortical reperfusion (determined by laser speckle imaging) 10 minutes after therapy administration (35.8 ± 17.1%; P = .001 39.3 ± 13.1%; P < .0001; 15.6 ± 7.5%, respectively, vs vehicle). In addition, both thrombolytic agents reduced cerebral lesion volume (determined by magnetic resonance imaging) after 24 hours (18.9 ± 11.2 mm3; P = .033; 16.1 ± 13.9 mm3; P = .018; 26.6 ± 5.6 mm3, respectively, vs vehicle). In the platelet-rich model, neither rh-tPA nor Microlyse increased cortical reperfusion 10 minutes after therapy (7.6 ± 8.8%; P = .216; 16.3 ± 13.9%; P = .151; 10.1 ± 7.9%, respectively, vs vehicle). However, Microlyse, but not rh-tPA, decreased cerebral lesion volumes (13.9 ± 11.4 mm3; P < .001; 23.6 ± 11.1 mm3; P = .188; 30.3 ± 10.9 mm3, respectively, vs vehicle). These findings support broad applicability of Microlyse in ischemic stroke, irrespective of the thrombus composition.
Patient-centered care in the emergency department: a systematic review and meta-ethnographic synthesis
Authors: Walsh Anna , Bodaghkhani Elnaz , Etchegary Holly , Alcock Lindsay , Patey Christopher , Senior Dorothy , Asghari Shabnam
Published: August 2022

Background

Patient-centered care (PCC) is an emerging priority in many healthcare settings but lacks clarity in the emergency department (ED). It is of interest to know what PCC practices are most important to patients to better their experience. The objective of this study was to conduct a mixed-methods systematic review of PCC in the ED.

Methods

We used stakeholder and patient engagement to consult with clinicians, subject-matter experts, patient partners, and community organizations to determine patient needs. We examined all articles in the ED context with PCC as the intervention. Two independent reviewers screened 3136 articles and 13 were included. A meta-ethnographic analysis was conducted to determine common themes of PCC.

Results

Themes included emotional support, communication, education, involvement of patient/family in information sharing and decision making, comfort of environment, respect and trust, continuity, and transition of care. Challenges in the ED reflected a lack of PCC. Moreover, implementation of PCC had many benefits including higher patient satisfaction with their care. Though there were commonalities of PCC components, there was no consistently used definition for PCC in the ED.

Conclusion

The findings of this review support the evidence that PCC is of high value to the ED setting and should be standardized in practice.