bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel breast cancer risk factors in Nigeria: the findings of Nigerian breast cancer risk factor study
Authors: Azubuike Samuel O. , Beeler Dori-Michelle
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: The potential roles of alcohol consumption and family history of breast cancer in breast cancer etiology have not been widely studied in Nigeria. Moreover, no African study has investigated the relationship between Light Exposure at Night (LEAN), interpregnancy gap, and breast cancer risk. This study investigated the association between LEAN alcohol consumption, family history of breast cancer, interpregnancy gap, and breast cancer risk among Nigerian women. METHODS: A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant data from 372 cases and 403 controls in five public hospitals in Nigeria. The participants were interviewed in person between October 2016 and May 2017. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

RESULTS: After adjusting for relevant confounders, frequent LEAN (OR 1.87, 95% CI: 1.09, 3.21), average interpregnancy gap (AIG) > 3 years (compared to AIG < 1.5 years) (OR 2.21, 95% CI:1.07, 4.57), having a regular history of alcohol consumption (OR 1.67, 95% CI:1.04, 2.69), and family history of breast cancer (OR 2.11, 95% CI:1.14, 3.93) and were significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.

CONCLUSION: We hypothesized that LEAN, longer interpregnancy gap, regular alcohol consumption, and family history of breast cancer increase the risk of breast cancer among Nigerian women.
Managing medical emergencies: Sustainable pre-hospital medical education in Rwanda
Authors: Shustak A. , Uwitonze J. M. , Kabagema J. , Wojick M. , Asay B. , Louka A. , Wolfe L. , Dushime T. , Jayaraman S.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: In Rwanda, non-communicable diseases accounted for 44% of all reported deaths as of 2016. Yet, there is very limited data on pre-hospital management of emergency medical conditions in LMICs. We evaluated the impact of a pre-hospital medical emergencies training course and train-the-trainers program for Service d’Aide Medicale Urgente (SAMU) to address the burden of NCDs.

METHODS: A 100-question baseline assessment was administered to 25 SAMU staff to assess knowledge of basic anatomy, physiology, medicine, obstetrics, pediatrics, trauma, and scene safety. A two-day Emergency Medical Care Course (EMCC) was developed. Two cohorts (one for instructors and another one for staff) from ten district and provincial hospitals. EMCC 1 and a one- day educator course were conducted for the instructor core. They then taught the second cohort of trainees (EMCC 2).

RESULTS: In the baseline assessment of 25 SAMU staff, the median score was 56% overall and 54% in medical. EMCC 1 median scores were 43% vs 86% (pre vs post), p<0.001 using matched pair analysis of 18 participants. EMCC 2 median scores were 45% vs 82% (pre vs post), p<0.001 using matched pair analysis of 16 participants. A one-way ANOVA mean square analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the two cohorts post-training, with similar post- assessment scores.

DISCUSSION: This study showed that the course improved knowledge for an instructor core and staff from district and provincial hospitals, confirming the effectiveness of a train-the-trainers model, which will allow for sustainability in pre-hospital emergency medical training in Rwanda.
Pattern of liver enzymes and maternal outcome in eclamptic patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, University College Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: Idowu Olusola , Bello Oluwasomidoyin
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Eclampsia, a hypertensive disorder, is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in developing countries like Nigeria.  We evaluated the relationship between the pattern of liver enzymes and maternal mortality in eclamptic women.

Method: A retrospective study of 55 eclamptic women admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), University College Hospital, Nigeria, was conducted. Data were obtained on their demographic, obstetric, and clinical characteristics, liver enzyme patterns, and maternal  outcome. Analysis was by descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and non-parametric tests with level of significance set at p<0.05.   

Results: Maternal deaths occurred in 27.3% and elevation of liver enzymes was observed more among the dead patients compared with  those who survived. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was the most commonly elevated liver enzyme, occurring in almost all (90.9%) the  patients. Maternal mortality was significantly associated with age (p=0.001), saturated oxygen levels (p=0.007), elevated alkaline  phosphatase (p=0.008), alanine aminotransferase (p=0.013), aspartate aminotransferase (p=0.016), and total bilirubin (p<0.001). 

Conclusion: Maternal mortality due to eclampsia was clinically associated with age, elevated liver enzymes and a lower serum level of  total bilirubin. Liver transaminases are therefore important prognostic indicators associated with eclampsia.
Prevalence of middle ear effusion among children with adenoid hypertrophy at a national referral hospital in Tanzania
Authors: Abraham Zephania Saitabau , Kahinga Aveline Aloyce , Massawe Enica Richard , Bukanu Faustine
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Middle ear effusion (MEE) is a common childhood disorder that causes hearing impairment due to the presence of fluid in  the middle ear which reduces the middle ear’s ability to conduct sound. Temporary or persistent hearing loss as a result of MEE causes  speech, language and learning delays in children. There are few studies on MEE in Tanzania despite the huge burden of hearing loss  among children with adenoid hypertrophy which is a known risk factor for MEE.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among  420 children aged nine years and below having adenoid hypertrophy with or without MEE. The diagnosis of adenoid hypertrophy was  confirmed with a lateral view x-ray of the nasopharynx and tympanometry for cases with MEE. The primary objective of the study was to  assess the prevalence of MEE among children with adenoid hypertrophy.

Results: The prevalence of MEE among children with adenoid  hypertrophy was 61.7%, with 218 (51.9%) males and 202 (48.1%) females. The most affected age group was 2-4 years with an incidence  193 (46%) and in this age group, males (53.9%) were more affected than females (46.1%). Generally, males, 134 (51.7%) were more  affected by MEE than females, 125 (48.3%) of all 259 children with MEE. In terms of age group predominance by MEE, children aged 3-4  years, 107(41.3%) were more affected than all other age groups. Additionally, 4 (1.5%) children with MEE presented with hearing loss.

Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of MEE among children with adenoid hypertrophy but no significant association with hearing loss.
Spectrophotometric and infra-red analyses of azo reactive dyes derived from 2-methyl-3-(2’- methylphenyl)-6-arylazo-4- oxoquinazoline
Authors: Adeniyi Adedeji Olumide , Boyro D.E.A. , Chindo Istifanus Yarkasuwa , Mahmoud A.A.
Published: October 2023

Ultraviolet-visible and infrared spectroscopic techniques were used to determine the possible composition and functional groups present in a series of quinazoline based mono azo reactive dyes (DM1-5) which was prepared by coupling 2-methyl-3-(2’- methylphenyl)-6-arylazo-4-oxoquinazoline diazonium solution with five (5) cyanurated coupling components . The result of visible absorption spectra showed that the λmax obtained for each dye depends on the coupling component used and that the λmax tend to shift to the shorter wavelength (hypsochromic shift) as the auxochromes appear to have influence on the absorption peak of the dyes... The IR spectral showed all the characteristics and representative of azo reactive dyes, with characteristic band in the range of 3400 - 3309 cm-1 indicating the presence of -OH and –NH stretching vibration, 1382 - 1049 cm-1 for the presence of –C-N, 1141-1010 cm-3 for –S=0 and 925 - 56 cm-1 for the presence of - C-Cl . The azo band occurred in the region of 1458 - 1411 cm-1 which is due to stretching vibration of the -N=N- group. A strong band at 1643 - 1604 cm-1 is due to the stretching vibration of -C=O group of the quinazoline compound. However, the IR spectrum did not actually reveal the chemical structure of the reactive dyes being studied. Further studies could be conducted using GCMS and NMR spectroscopy to confirm the structure of the dyes.
Integrated dual axis solar tracker using a single tracking motor
Authors: Okae Percy , Raji Osman Muntaka , Lade Jude
Published: October 2023

Solar energy is generally available in copious amounts globally and as a renewable energy resource, its importance now and in the future cannot be gainsaid. However, optimizing the rays of the sun by utilizing photovoltaic (PV) systems and aligning solar panels in a particular direction with regards to the sun’s rays always present their own challenges. Solar heating, molten salt power plants, and artificial photosynthesis are all examples of ever-evolving technologies that harness the sun's radiant light and heat for electrical energy. Solar trackers aim solar panels or modules directly at the sun. In this paper, a solar tracking system using Arduino is built. This system captures free solar energy, stores it in a battery, and then transforms it to the appropriate alternating current. It allows the energy to be used as a standalone power source in ordinary households. This system is built to adapt to its surroundings as quickly as possible. The system ensures that any software and hardware issues are minimized or wholly removed. Our system is put through its paces in terms of real-time responsiveness, reliability, stability, and security. Weather, temperature, and mild mechanical stresses are all factors that our system is built to withstand. The solar tracking system is the most effective technology to improve the efficiency of solar panels by tracking and following the sun's movement. With the help of this system, solar panels can improve the way of sunlight detection so that more electricity can be collected as solar panels can maintain a sunny position. Thus, this paper discusses the development of two-axis solar-tracking development using Arduino Uno as the principal controller of the system.
Enhancing Service Restoration in Tanzanian Power Grid using Internet of Things Sensors and Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Mwifunyi Rukia J. , Mnyanghwalo Daudi C. , Kawambwa Shamte J.
Published: October 2023

The increased dependence on the electric power grid, coupled with the increasing number of new customers, motivates the need to improve the reliability and resilience of the electric distribution systems. Modern distribution systems are becoming more resilient against power outages due to the increasing integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and the availability of efficient mechanisms for load shedding. Several studies considered fault detection and Service Restoration (SR) as separate problems without considering the implementation feasibility of integrating both solutions. To ensure the resiliency in the power system, it is important to have proper mechanisms which integrate sensing, detection, and SR as one problem while considering the load shedding and DER for improved capacity. Hence, this study proposed an IoT-based-sensor network framework with an enhanced algorithm coupled with a Binary Bat metaheuristic algorithm for SR integrating sensing, detection, and restoration. The proposed algorithms have been tested in Tanzania's electrical distribution network, considering the inclusion of DERs and load shedding. The results showed that DERs' size and locations significantly impact restoration schemes' performance with a power loss reduction of 74%. Therefore, efficient SR schemes should consider optimal DERs placement and a combination of load shedding and DERs integration for improved performance.
Mineralogy and Geochemical Characteristics of Matamba Kaolin Deposit-Njombe Region South-Western Tanzania: Implications for Industrial Applications
Authors: Nyimbo Melania A. , Massawe Ronald J. , Msabi Michael M.
Published: October 2023

Kaolin is a commercial clay material composed of hydrated aluminosilicate mineral kaolinite and used in various industrial applications such as ceramics, paper, paints, refractories, fiberglass, plastics, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. It is formed as a result of strong chemical weathering of crystalline and feldspar-rich rocks or hydrothermal alteration of granitic rocks at relatively low temperature and pressure conditions. The kaolin deposit of Matamba originated from the weathering of leucogabbro rock during the development of the African land surface. In view of highlighted properties, the mineralogy and chemical characteristics of the Matamba kaolin deposit were investigated to determine its industrial applications. As part of the study approach, forty-six (46) samples were collected and analyzed for major oxides using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and mineralogical composition using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD results indicated that the Matamba kaolin is dominantly composed of kaolinite (10.1–100%) with other phases such as albite (1.2–56.8%), oligoclase (10.1–54.3%), quartz (1.2–33.9%), goethite (1.0–9.4%) and muscovite (1.1–29.5%). The dominant major oxides are SiO2 (39.78–67.96 wt.%), Al2O3 (14.60–38.07 wt.%) and subordinate amounts of Fe2O3 (0.93–6.37 wt.%), MgO (1.42–4.74 wt.%), Na2O (0.10–1.09 wt.%), K2O (0.14–2.01 wt.%), CaO (0.08–0.99 wt.%), TiO2 (0.07–1.66 wt.%), P2O5 (0.36–1.77 wt.%) and LOI (1.91–13.97 wt.%). These major oxides correlate with the mineralogical composition supporting kaolinite dominance. Consequently, compared with some industrial specifications, these results indicate that Matamba kaolin deposit may be useful for ceramic products, refractories such as fireclay crucibles and electrolytic production of aluminium and its alloys. However, it should be beneficiated and upgraded to improve some technical properties to qualify for other industrial applications.
Spirulina (Arthrospira fusiformis, Gomont 1892) as a High-Quality Feed Ingredient for Nile Tilapia Fingerlings
Authors: Michael Angelina , Kyewalyanga Margareth S. , Lugomela Charles V.
Published: October 2023

A partially randomized experimental design was conducted to evaluate the effect and potential of spirulina species (Arthrospira fusiformis) isolated from Momela Lakes, Tanzania, on the growth, antioxidant capacity, feed utilization, and body composition of Nile tilapia fingerlings. Five dietary treatments were formulated, including spirulina meal at 5%, 10%, and 15% of the total diets, as well as control diets with freshwater shrimp or Lake Victoria sardine. The protein content of the experimental diets was 25, 28, and 35% for a treatment containing spirulina at 5, 10, and 15% inclusion, respectively, while the control diets had 35% crude protein each. After eight weeks of feeding, fish fed with a lower inclusion level of spirulina showed the best growth performance and feed utilization efficiency, similar to the fish fed with control diets. The group fed with 5% spirulina exhibited excellent protein efficiency ratio compared to all other fish groups. All spirulina-fed fish groups demonstrated higher protein deposition and strong antioxidant activity against free radicals compared to those fed with control diets. In conclusion, spirulina proves to be a superior feed ingredient for high-quality Nile tilapia farming, providing comparable results to control feeds.
A decade of the Blue Economy concept in the western Indian Ocean region: research and technology perspectives
Authors: Manyilizu Majuto C.
Published: October 2023

The World Bank defines the Blue Economy as “the sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth, improved livelihoods, and jobs while preserving the health of the ocean ecosystem”. The implementation of Blue Economy concept at global, continental, regional and country levels have had mixed results since its origin in 2012. Here, a systematic review of progress in the western Indian Ocean region is undertaken, focused on research and technology between 2012 and 2021. Apart from applications to ocean modelling, big data and satellite data, the term Blue Economy did not appear as a key term in most publications from the region, suggesting that it is not well understood or researched. Existing studies aligned with three Africa Blue Economy Strategy thematic areas: (1st) fisheries, aquaculture and ecosystem conservation; (3rd) environmental sustainability, climate change and coastal infrastructure; and (5th) policies, institutional and governance. Multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional collaborations focusing on technology are required to boost Blue Economy implementation in the Western Indian Ocean region, including for thematic areas for shipping transportation and trade (2nd) and sustainable energy, extractive minerals, gas, and innovative industries (4th).
Los tapices de la Batalla de Pavía. De María de Hungría al príncipe don Carlos
Authors: Zalama Miguel Ángel
Published: October 2023

La serie de tapices de la Batalla de Pavía perteneció a María de Hungría. La reina abandonó los Países Bajos junto con su hermano, el emperador Carlos V, para trasladarse a España, donde falleció en 1558. La colgadura pasó a manos de su sobrino-nieto el príncipe Don Carlos, hijo de Felipe II. Sin embargo, no tuvo demasiado tiempo los tapices, pues los intercambió, que no regaló, con el marqués de Pescara por un anillo, una medalla y sesenta y seis botones de oro. Las razones de este desigual cambio y por qué Felipe II permitió que los paños abandonaran España es algo que permanece sin resolver.
Remembranza de la Guerra de Granada. A propósito de un artefacto textil para el palacio del II duque del Infantado.
Authors: Romero Medina Raúl , Rodríguez Peinado Laura
Published: October 2023

En 1493 Íñigo López de Mendoza, II duque del Infantado, suscribía con Cristóbal Garrido un contrato para la fabricación de un suntuoso artefacto textil. El documento inédito lo describe como una pieza rica y de aparato, donde el sabor de al-Andalus, entendido como el deleite de una cosa grata, está muy presente. Su destino no era otro que el palacio del Infantado donde la referencia a lo nazarí es una remembranza de la Guerra de Granada, acontecimiento en el que participó su promotor. El texto pretende trabajar la materialidad y la semántica de este textil, no conservado hoy en día, desde la retórica de un edificio netamente hispano que no puede ser entendido sin la integración de las mal llamadas artes decorativas, hoy suntuarias.as, hoy suntuarias.
horror da cordialidade brasileira
Authors: Baez Luiz
Published: October 2023

Processo criativo e reflexão acadêmica convergem na carreira de Gabriela Amaral Almeida, cineasta baiana radicada em São Paulo: não porque seus filmes ilustrem uma tese – o que limitaria o voo da imaginação –, mas porque seu repertório crítico – ainda que não necessariamente de modo consciente – molda o tratamento dado às contradições do tempo presente. Neste sentido, pode-se dizer que sua experiência na Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), onde integrou o laboratório de análise fílmica coordenado pelo Professor Wilson Gomes e defendeu sua dissertação em 2003, deve ser levada em conta quando se elabora uma leitura crítica de sua obra, com destaque para a centralidade conferida ao trabalho.
İLİM, ÂLİM VE ÂLEM BAĞLAMINDA BEDİÜZZAMAN SAİD NURSİ’NİN İSBÂT-I VÂCİBU’L-VÜCÛD VE TEVHİDE BAKIŞI
Authors: YILMAZ Yasin
Published: October 2023

ÖZ
Allah’ın varlığını ve birliğini ispat sadedinde Kur’an-ı Kerim’de ilim, âlim ve âlem ilişkisinin yoğun olduğunu bildiren çok sayıda ayet bulunmaktadır. İslam ilim tarihinin tarihî sürecinde çok sayıda âlimin bu hususta eserler verdiğini görüyoruz. Bunlardan birisi de 19. ve 20. yüzyıllarda Osmanlı ve Cumhuriyet dönemlerinde Türkiye’nin fikir hayatında önemli yer tutan Bediüzzaman Said Nursi, Batı’dan gelen pozitivizm, modernizm ve bunların türevlerine karşı tevhid merkezli eserler telif etmiştir. Nursi, Osmanlının yıkılıp yerine kurulan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin Batı’nın pozitivist değerleri üzerine kurulmasıyla telif alanını iman esaslarının ispatı üzerine şekillendirmiştir. Özellikle okullarda pozitivizmin etkilerinin ortaya çıkmasıyla, ruhun ötelenmesi, kutsalların yok sayılması ve dinin sosyal hayattan soyutlanmasıyla Hz. Peygamber’in Mekke’de iman esasları merkezli Müslüman zihnini inşa etmesini örnek alarak, eserlerinde tevhidi ispat etmek üzerinde yoğunlaşmıştır. O, eserlerinde Allah-âlem ilişkisini, iman, ilim ve tefekkürle kâinat laboratuvarında birleştirerek ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır.
Bu bağlamda Nursi, klasik dönem âlimlerinin yaptığı gibi bir âlim olarak elde ettiği ilimle Kur’ânî metoda uygun olarak “isbat-ı vâcibu’l-vücûd, tevhid ve Allah’ın sıfatları” konularında âlemden örnekler vererek aklı ikna ve kalbi tatmin edici görüşler ortaya koymuştur. O yine eserlerinde Allah-âlem ilişkisinin, yani Allah’ın Ulûhiyetinin ve Rububiyyetinin tecelli ettiği yerin kâinat kitabı dediği âlem olduğunu mükerreren belirtmektedir. Kur’an’ın tefekkür, taakkul, tezekkür ve tedebbürü teşvikiyle kâinatta/âlemde cereyan eden adetullah/sünnetullah kanunlarına vurgu yaparak Allah’ın varlığı ve birliğini ispat etmeye çalışmıştır. Bu vesile ile Nursi’nin birbiriyle sıkı irtibatı olan ilim, âlim ve âlem ilişkisini eserlerinden yapacağımız iktibaslarla tahlil ederek değerlendirmede bulunacağız.
The Form Of Resolving The Laka Lalu Case With A Restorative Justice Approach According To Police Regulation Number 8 Of 2021 On Handling Criminal Acts Based On Restorative Justice
Authors: Ardyan Ardyan , Sitompul Ariman , Ruslan Ruslan
Published: October 2023

AbstractJudicial procedures in Indonesia in resolving criminal cases have not been in accordance with the wishes society to feel fair in law. People who feel less Justice issued opinion or criticism of judicial procedures in indonesia. The problem of traffic accidents refers to the act No. 22/2009 on LLAJ and Criminal Procedure Code. The second legal basis for the settlement of traffic accident cases it is not yet possible to solve problems based on restorative justice. This research aims to find out and analyze procedures to solve the problems of past accidents traffic that can cause casualties both serious injuries and fatalities using the approach of Justice restorative justice according to police Regulation Number 8 of 2021 on handling criminal acts based on Justice Restorative, a form of settlement of accident cases and then with a restorative justice approach according to the police Perarturan Number 8 of 2021 on handling criminal acts based on restorative justice and legal certainty to resolve the issue of laka and then with a restorative justice approach. Methods used in this research using empirical approach and normative juridical approach to the paradigm of analysis qualitative data. Research and Discussion: 1. Legal arrangement for settlement of traffic accident cases it is not based on restorative justice. 2. Legal weaknesses in the settlement of traffic accident cases using a restorative justice approach. 3. Reconstruction of last accident settlement law cross with restorative justice approach, namely by revising the provisions of Article 230 and Article 235 U.S. No. 22/2009 on LLAJ, so that the case of traffic accidents light, medium and heavy can based on restorative justice. Excluded against traffic accidents that cause casualties soul, the resolution of things based on restorative justice does not drop the prosecution of thingsKeywords: Settlement Of Traffic Matters, Justice, Restorative.
La percepción respecto a la violencia contra las mujeres y personas de distinta orientación sexual que tienen los alumnos de la Facultad de Comercio y Administración de Tampico influye en sus actitudes y valores
Authors: Gómez María Del Lourdes Arias , Gómez Enrique Arias , Gómez Jesús Arias , Blanco Azalea María Peña , Arteaga Lorena Gabriela Hernández , Torres Lilian Esperanza Rodríguez , Segovia Lourdes Leticia Cárdenas
Published: October 2023

El análisis del tema de la percepción respecto a la violencia de género que tienen los alumnos de la Facultad de Comercio y Administración de Tampico, tiene como objetivo conocer la conducta de los universitarios, por ello nos preguntamos ¿Están conscientes los estudiantes de la violencia de género que se presenta en el entorno de la Facultad de Comercio y Administración de Tampico?  Los resultados obtenidos en la presente investigación nos indican que los alumnos se han acostumbrado a ver violencia, por ese motivo, ofender, insultar y pegar a sus hermanos, amigos o compañeros y faltar el respeto a sus padres o profesores les resulta de lo más normal.  Es una realidad inobjetable que los valores de los jóvenes se ven afectados por la violencia intrafamiliar y social al imitar en sus relaciones personales, lo que con frecuencia observan en su casa.
Trade Dynamics and Industrial Evolution: A Comprehensive Time Series Analysis of Turkey s Import-Export Trends and Manufacturing Growth (1923-2013)
Authors: Balcıoğlu Yavuz Selim , AKÇİN Kültigin , BAYRAKTAR Umit
Published: October 2023

This study provides a comprehensive temporal analysis of Turkey's economic progression, focusing on its trade dynamics and manufacturing sector from 1923 to 2013. Utilizing time series analysis, we first delve into Turkey's import and export trends, observing a robust upward trajectory suggestive of sustained economic growth and greater integration into global trade networks. Periodic fluctuations, potentially reflective of global economic cycles or domestic policies, were also discerned. The manufacturing metrics—spanning the number of establishments, employment figures, annual payments, and input values—similarly showcased expansion, with year-on-year growth rates offering nuanced insights into the sector's evolution. Notably, correlations revealed a strong positive relationship between the proliferation of manufacturing establishments and employment figures, while annual payments and input values moved in congruence. Stationarity checks, crucial for time series forecasting, were conducted, leading to the application of the ARIMA modeling technique for predictive analysis. The model's predictions exhibited a close alignment with actual trade values, affirming its efficacy. Overall, this study elucidates Turkey's economic journey over nine decades, emphasizing its expanding trade engagements and consistent growth in the manufacturing realm.
“Kriz” ve “Ritim” Olgusunun Siyaset ve Ahlakta Yeri ve Önemi
Authors: Bakış M. Latif
Published: October 2023

'Kriz' ve 'ritim' olguları, varlık ve oluş sürecinin doğal seyrinde tebellür eden iç dinamiksel
gerçekliklerdir. Söz konusu hususiyetler, tabiattan insana, fizik evrenden metafiziksel dünyamıza,
ahlaktan siyasete, fertten devlete kadar bütün bir değer küresinin geniş yelpazesi içinde yer alan bütün
unsurları çevrelemektedir. Ancak söz konusu oluşumda “insan”ın bilinçli bir özne olarak aktif rol
alması, yanı sıra, onun kendi içinde dönüşlülük yaşayan, yani bir diğer ifadeyle, kendi eylerimlerinin
neticesinden yine en fazla kendisi etkilenen olduğu gerçeği, zikri geçen süreçte kriz ve ritim olgularıyla
esasen inşa olanın da yine aynı “insan” olduğunu gösterir. Dolayısıyla, insanın inşa edilmesi, esasen
bütün varlık ve oluş serencamında tezahür eden normal serüveninin kendi iç dinamikleriyle işleyişini
tamamlamasının da formülünü oluşturur. İnsanın inşa edilmesinin nasıl mümkün olduğu yönünde
ortaya konan yaklaşımların başında ise şüphesiz ahlak ve siyaset mefhumları gelmektedir. O nedenle
de nasıl bir ahlak veya değer küresi ile ve nasıl bir siyaset yaklaşımı ile insanı en ideal hale (insan-ı
kâmil haline) getirebileceğimiz meselesi, ahlak ve siyaset felsefesi açısından önemli bir problem teşekkül
ettirir. Bu çalışmada da “kriz” ve “ritim”lerin tanımı yapılarak, söz konusu hususiyetlerin ahlak ve
siyaset ile ilişkisinin kurulması ve insanın odağa alınarak bir çözümüm bulunması veya tutarlı öneriler
ortaya konulması hedeflenmektedir
Bilim Savaşları: Bilime Postmodern Yaklaşım Üzerine
Authors: KAHRAMAN Hilal
Published: October 2023

Bilim Savaşları; modern bilimciler ile sosyal bilimci postmodernist entelektüeller arasında var
olduğu öne sürülen ayrımlara dayalı birtartışma durumudur. Akademik çevreleri uzun zamandır meşgul
eden bu savaş, dünyayı açıklama konusunda her iki alanın da kendi yöntemlerini, kendi doğrularını
savundukları ve karşı tarafı eksik ya da yanlış olarak tanımladıkları yazılarıyla devam etmektedir. Alan
Sokal’ın Social Text dergisine gönderdiği aldatıcı makalesini ifşa etmesiyle beraber duyulan Bilim
Savaşları, postmodern düşüncenin etkisiyle bilimin yapısının açıklanış tarzlarının değişiminin bir
sonucudur. Her iki taraf içinde var olan bu savaş durumunda modern bilimin pozitivist bakış açısıyla
nesnel doğruları üretme iddiası karşısında, postmodern bilim eleştirmenleri ve karşıt bilim tezlerinin
görecilik temelli evrensellik karşıtlığı, bilimin yapısının ve bilimsel bilginin özelliğinin tartışılması ve
anlaşılabilmesi ihtiyacını doğurmaktadır. Bu makalede Bilim Savaşları’nın nasıl başladığı, modern
bilim insanları ve postmodern bilim insanlarının öne sürdüğü iddiaların başlıcalarının neler olduğu ve
tarihsel sürecini etüt etmek amaçlanmaktadır. Her iki tarafın öne çıkan ilk temsilcilerinin düşünceleri
ve özellikle Bilim Savaşları tartışmasının duyulmasını sağlayan Alan Sokal’in problem hakkındaki kitap
ve makaleleri aracılığıyla nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak konu incelenmeye çalışılacaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Alan Sokal, Bilim Savaşları, Postmodern Bilim, Görecilik, Modern Bilim
Tarihi ve Arkeolojik Araştırmalar Işığında Eski Çağ da Turhal Kalesi
Authors: UYANIK Hatice
Published: October 2023

Turhal, Karadeniz Bölgesi’nin Orta Karadeniz Bölümü’nde yer alan Tokat iline bağlı bir
ilçedir. Karadeniz Bölgesi’nden İç Anadolu Bölgesi’ne geçiş kuşağında bulunan Turhal ilçesi,
doğusundan Tokat il merkezi, batısından Zile ilçesi, güneyinden Pazar ilçesi, kuzeyinden Erbaa ilçesi
ve Amasya ili ile sınırlıdır. Amasya, Tokat ve Zile’yi birleştiren yolların kesiştiği stratejik bir noktada
yer alan Turhal Kalesi ise ilçe merkezindeki sarp ve dik bir kaya bloğu üzerine kurulmuştur. Turhal
Kalesi, bugüne kadar çok sayıda araştırmacı tarafından ziyaret edilmiştir. Bu araştırmacılar
eserlerinde, kalenin arkeolojik dokusu ve ziyaret ettikleri dönemdeki durumu hakkında bilgi
vermişlerdir. Bu bilgiler ve antik kaynaklar dikkate alınarak Turhal Kalesi’nde tarafımızdan ayrıntılı
bir yüzey araştırması yapılmıştır. Yaptığımız arkeolojik yüzey araştırması sonucunda daha önceki
araştırmacıların Turhal Kalesi’nde yer aldığını bildirdiği birçok arkeolojik kalıntının günümüze kadar
ulaşmadığı görülmüştür. Ancak elde edilen tarihi ve arkeolojik veriler, Turhal Kalesi’nin yer aldığı
tepenin M.Ö. II. binyıldan Osmanlı Dönemi’ne kadar kesintisiz bir şekilde yerleşim gördüğüne tanıklık
etmekte olup, Turhal Kalesi’nin Eski Çağ’da askeri ve ekonomik açıdan önemini her daim koruduğuna,
Hellenistik Dönem’de de idari açıdan ayrı bir kimlik kazandığına işaret etmektedir
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Bahan Baku Kayu Terbaik Untuk Kitchen Set Dapur Minimalis Menerapkan Metode MABAC
Authors: Wijaya Kusman Batee
Published: October 2023

Minimalist Kitchen Set Kitchen has a very significant function in a home kitchen room as a place to store goods. Kitchen Set Minimalist kitchen made of wood prioritizes the best raw materials so that they can be used for a long time. The problem that occurs is that choosing the best wood raw material for a Minimalist Kitchen Set is not easy so that many mistakes occur in the selection to be immediately produced and marketed. In this study, to overcome the problem of choosing the best wood raw material for a Minimalist Kitchen Set, the researcher built a visual basic net-based decision support system applying the Multi-Attributive Border Approximation area Comparison (MABAC) method which can be used properly by the production manager of the Minimalist Kitchen Set before determine the raw materials to be used. The results of this study are that the procedure for selecting the best wood raw materials for a Minimalist Kitchen Set at Hazira Furniture Medan is carried out by a process that involves 5 criteria with different subjective weight values. The application of MABAC in selecting the best wood raw materials for a minimalist kitchen set made of wood provides an accuracy of 32.46%
Rancang Bangun Pengontrolan Alat Elektronik Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Dedi Suarna  , Zahir Zainuddin  , Hazriani  , Edy Sopyan
Published: October 2023

Electricity is one of the main needs that supports people in their activities, starting from studying, working, and even enjoying entertainment through electronic devices that use electricity. However, the use of electricity that is not turned on can result in wastage of electricity. One of the Regional Apparatus Organizations that has a large electricity consumption, namely the General Bureau of the Regional Secretariat of West Sulawesi Province, can be seen from the number of electricity bills paid each month. This study aims to monitor and control electricity consumption to minimize excessive use of electrical energy by utilizing microcontrollers and sensors. The research was carried out by testing stages in three work rooms, namely the personnel room, the mail room and the Urdal room. Electronic equipment that is monitored and controlled such as lights that are connected to an electric current (socket) on the designed device. The result is a range of 110 dejar pear motion sensors and a maximum range of 7 meters requiring a minimum of 2 sensors for each room and saving the energy consumption of electrical equipment in three rooms by 49%. The conclusion of this research is that the system is designed to provide a good path in saving the consumption of electronic equipment
Pendekatan Violin Plot sebagai Pengenalan Pola untuk Interpretasi Data Penjualan Spare Part Komputer
Authors: Furqoni Yudhistira  , Erlin Windia Ambarsari  , Frieyadie
Published: October 2023

This study examines the use of visual modeling in understanding the sales patterns of computer spare parts at PT Prima Krida Solusindo. The use of violin plots serves as a method for data interpretation, focusing on the distribution of sales data to gain a deeper understanding of customer needs. This study involves 3893 samples with eight features being analyzed. Initial results show a broad variation in the sales of computer spare parts. For example, the highest unit sales occur in the first quarter, but the sales volume tends to be low. Opposite, sales in the second quarter tend to focus on purchases with a relatively similar volume. In addition, preferences for distribution channels, sales segmentation, sub-segmentation, and product types also vary in sales volume. While the violin plot aids in visualizing data distribution, this study also found that this method has limitations, such as category overlapping, that complicate interpretation. The inclusion of additional plots can facilitate a more detailed interpretation
PEMILIHAN MODA PERJALANAN MENUJU KAWASAN OBYEK WISATA MENARA KUDUS MENGGUNAKAN MODEL LOGIT BINER
Authors: Hidayati Nurul , Hasan Emir Al , Idris Zilhardi , Mulyono Gotot Slamet
Published: October 2023

Perjalanan menuju kawasan wisata Menara Kudus dapat ditempuh menggunakan berbagai kendaraan. Tersedianya berbagai pilihan moda transportasi tersebut menyebabkan peningkatan arus lalu lintas di sekitar kawasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik, faktor yang mempengaruhi responden dalam memilih moda serta menganalisis pemodelannya. Data primer yang diperlukan adalah karakteristik responden dan perjalanan yang dibuat, serta fasilitas moda yang digunakan. Data lain yang digunakan adalah peta lokasi dan jumlah wisatawan. Penyebaran kuesioner dilakukan secara online yang diperoleh sebanyak 340 responden. Analisis dilakukan dengan model logit biner menggunakan parameter jumlah pemilih tiap moda dan biaya berdasarkan rekapitulasi data kuisioner. Hasil analisis diperoleh mayoritas responden menggunakan sepeda motor dan mobil, berjenis kelamin perempuan, berusia 17-25 tahun dan berstatus pelajar/mahasiswa. Hasil lain diketahui mayoritas sampel berasal dari Kecamatan Gebog, Kabupaten Kudus yang memiliki waktu tempuh kurang dari 25 menit dan berjarak 5-10 km. Faktor yang mempengaruhi dalam pemilihan moda adalah kemudahan dan kenyamanan. Hasil pemodelan logit selisih menunjukkan ada ketidaksesuaian antara logika dengan fakta yang ada. Secara logika jika selisih biaya kedua moda semakin kecil (mobil lebih murah), maka peluang memilih sepeda motor akan menurun. Akan tetapi hasil yang diperoleh berlawanan dengan kondisi tersebut. Ketidaksesuaian ini juga terjadi pada pemodelan logit rasio. Secara logika jika rasio biaya kedua moda kurang dari satu (sepeda motor lebih murah), maka peluang memilih sepeda motor akan meningkat. Namun hasil yang didapat justru peluangnya menurun. Hal ini terjadi berkaitan dengan faktor pertimbangan yang berbeda antara responden yang berasal dari dekat (internal Kabupaten Kudus) dan jauh (luar).
PENINGKATAN SIMPANG TIGA TAK BERSINYAL PADA RUAS JALAN CIKEPUH KOTA SERANG
Authors: Mauludi Ahmad Wildan , Rosdiyani Telly , Abadi Ma'ulfi Kharis
Published: October 2023

Transportasi memiliki peran yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan masyarakat. Melihat dari kondisi Kota Serang saat ini, jika ditinjau dari segi sarana dan prasarana sudah mulai berbanding terbalik. Simpang Cikepuh adalah simpang yang penting karena sering dilalui pengendara untuk menuju Banten lama, Tol Serang Timur dan pasar induk Rau. Dimana kebutuhan akan jalan tidak sebanding dengan banyaknya jumlah kendaraan yang ada Peningkatan volume kendaraan akan mempengaruhi tingkat kinerja lalu lintas yang akhirnya menyebabkan kemacetan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor kinerja dan strategi alternatif, metode dalam penganalisaannya dengan menggunakan MKJI 1997. Untuk pengambilan data menghitung volume arus lalu lintas dengan cara melakukan survei selama 3 hari yaitu senin, sabtu dan minggu, dengan interval waktu 15 menit dan diambil waktu pagi: 06.00-09.00, siang: 11.00-14.00, dan sore: 16.00-18.00. Didapatkan nilai derajat kejenuhan (DS) sebesar 2,4. Mendapatkan peluang antrian sebesar QP%=28,6%-75,9%, lebar pendekat rata rata WI=2.90m, nilai Derajat Kejenuhan (DS) > 0,75. Melebihi standar aman yang telah ditetapkan. Rata Rata kapasitas sebesar 624,5 smp/jam, dan sangat mempengaruhi tundaan simpang (D) menunjukan ketidak stabilan yaitu 6,656 det/smp. Dari data yang dilampirkan simpang Cikepuh sudah seharusnya ada peningkatan jalan, dikarenakan sangat tidak memadai bagi pengendara untuk melewati simpang tersebut. Karena minimnya lampu lalu lintas dan lampu penerangan jalan, kurangnya lebar jalan dan geometri simpang Dengan Kapasitas pengendara yang meningkat.
MAPPING THE EXPANSION OF OIL PALM (Elais guineensis Jacq.) IN MEXICO — METHODOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENTS
Authors: De la Vega-Leinert Anne Cristina , Sandoval-Vázquez Sahid Daniel , Vega del Valle Iliusi Donaji
Published: October 2023

Oil palm (Elais guineensis Jacq.), a high-yielding oil-seed crop, is associated with multiple socio-environmental impacts. The Mexican oil palm sector is emerging and stands out for its dynamism. This paper presents hitherto unpublished maps to facilitate an independent, transparent and publicly accessible monitoring of the progression of this crop at national level. A first map, with data from 2014 to 2019, satisfactorily captures established plantations (94 % of the areas officially reported for Chiapas), even in very small plots (the area of the smallest polygon being only 330 m²). In the second, with data from 2016 to 2022, both the quality of the mapping and the coverage of cultivated areas increased (70 % of the officially reported planted areas), especially in Tabasco and Campeche, the states with the largest expansion of oil palm cultivation in the country since 2012. Comparing both maps with data on land use, vegetation and protected natural areas (PNAs) highlights the contribution of oil palm to the deforestation of more than 7500 ha of conservation-relevant habitats between 2014 and 2022 (5 % of the total oil palm area). The existence of large areas of oil palm in La Encrucijada Biosphere Reserve (Chiapas) and its presence in other PNAs is confirmed. High spatial resolution maps, such as the one presented here, are necessary for the calibration of surface and terrain models at the regional and global scales, which are used in environmental impact projections. Such projections can then advise public policies and conservation plans at the national level. This paper proposes alternatives for the verification and communication of statistical and spatial data, to support an informed debate on the benefits and impacts of oil palm in Mexico.
Simposio 2: Nuevas estrategias de protección renal en diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Elbert Alicia
Published: October 2023

El National Kidney Foundation (NKF) modificó en los últimos años el término “nefropatía diabética”, que solo se utiliza para la patología confirmada por biopsia, por enfermedad renal diabética (ERC), con el fin de comprender que algunos de los pacientes con diabetes mellitus (DM) presentan enfermedad renal de otra etiología, por lo cual debería ser derivados oportunamente al nefrólogo para diagnosticar y realizar el tratamiento adecuado.

Sin embargo, actualmente el paradigma en la elección de la medicación para la DM se ha modificado desde lo glucocéntrico a una mirada cardiorrenal metabólica que permitió aunar algunos conceptos para establecer mejores elecciones en el tratamiento, y evitar la aparición y/o la progresión de la ERC.
Simposio 6: Prevención y tratamiento
Authors: Daín Alejandro
Published: October 2023

El concepto de variabilidad en la homeostasis hormonal se conoce desde hace tiempo. Tenemos diversos ejemplos en los modelos biológicos de fluctuaciones u oscilaciones de las concentraciones hormonales o de sus efectores finales. La variabilidad glucémica (VG) es un componente de la homeostasis de la glucosa en conjunto con sus reguladores hormonales y no hormonales. La VG es una medida de dispersión relacionada con el desvío estándar. Cuando estas dispersiones u oscilaciones superan las barreras de control homeostáticos, pueden ocasionar alteraciones fisiopatológicas con consecuencias clínicas, aumentando el riesgo de complicaciones vasculares y neurocognitivas, entre otras.

Para comprender mejor este concepto, lo podemos comparar con una montaña rusa y sus múltiples curvas. El tiempo de exposición (duración del viaje) lo correlacionamos con la media o valor promedio, mientras las subidas y bajadas con su dispersión o desvío estándar. La resultante de dividir el DS sobre la media x 100 nos devuelve el valor de VG.
Simposio 7: Algoritmo farmacológico en diabetes mellitus tipo 2 sin eventos previos
Authors: Ávila Pablo Javier
Published: October 2023

La diabetes mellitus (DM) en el mundo crece a pasos agigantados. Según la International Diabetes Federation (IDF), más de 450 millones de personas padecen DM y el pronóstico no es muy promisorio1. En Argentina la situación no es distinta donde más del 12% de la población padece esta enfermedad, aunque la mitad desconoce su diagnóstico2. Las guías actuales de tratamiento en los pacientes con DM2 consensuadas entre la American Diabetes Association (ADA) y la European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) los dividen en dos grupos: los que presentan riesgo cardiovascular o enfermedad renal o cardíaca establecida y los que no lo tienen; en este segundo grupo nos centraremos para desglosar las guías de recomendación.

En el concepto hasta hace poco aceptado a su vez se subdividían en grupos de priorización a aquellos con necesidad apremiante de evitar hipoglucemia, un segundo subgrupo con necesidad de perder peso, y aquellos en los cuales el costo es un problema importante3. Recientemente se propuso una actualización según la nueva evidencia que plantea un cambio de paradigma enfocando solo en dos aspectos: el glucocéntrico y el peso centrista.
Simposio 8: Epidemiología y morbimortalidad
Authors: Sosa Lucas
Published: October 2023

La prediabetes es una etapa intermedia entre la glucemia normal y la diabetes mellitus (DM), con una alta prevalencia, especialmente en grupos de mayor edad y personas obesas. Actualmente se utilizan cinco definiciones diferentes basadas en puntos de corte de HbA1c: glucosa en ayunas (GPA) y glucosa a las 2 horas (2hGP). Los riesgos atribuibles a la prediabetes, incluyendo la DM, se relacionan con complicaciones micro y macrovasculares, neuropáticas, enfermedad cardiorrenal, cáncer y muerte (según la definición utilizada).

Son incompletos los datos sobre la prevalencia mundial de la prediabetes. La International Diabetes Federation (IDF 2019) estimó la prevalencia mundial de tolerancia alterada a la glucosa en 7,5%. La gran mayoría de las personas con prediabetes (72,2%) reside en países de ingresos bajos y medianos.
Riesgo cardiometabólico en niños argentinos de diferentes etnias
Authors: Hirschler Valeria
Published: October 2023

La prevalencia de obesidad varía con las distintas etnias. Se han propuesto diferentes puntos de corte en los valores antropométricos según las etnias. Estudios en nuestro país demostraron una distribución diferente en los valores antropométricos en niños indígenas comparados con los de otras regiones de Argentina y de los Estados Unidos. Más aún, diferentes estudios comprobaron que durante la pandemia, la prevalencia de obesidad aumentó significativamente en la infancia. El principal factor de riesgo para la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) en la infancia es la obesidad. Estudios previos demostraron que la DM2 en niños evoluciona en menos tiempo que en adultos, y que el proceso es más agresivo. Los factores de riesgo de DM2 también varían con la edad, el sexo y la etnia en niños. El estudio SEARCH demostró que la prevalencia de DM2 en niños era mayor en niñas que en niños, y que los niños tenían más probabilidades de tener glucosa en ayunas alterada, mientras que las niñas eran más resistentes a la insulina. Mostraremos los resultados obtenidos a través de los años en distintas poblaciones de Argentina y el exterior.
Por el sí
Authors: Dieuzeide Guillermo
Published: October 2023

Desde la publicación del DCCT en 1993, el tratamiento estándar de la diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) se basa en un plan de insulinoterapia intensificado con la aplicación de varias dosis de insulinas diarias, asociando insulinas de acción basal, lentas, e insulinas rápidas o ultra rápidas previo a las comidas principales.

Este modelo de insulinoterapia intensificada, sin embargo, no siempre logra objetivos de buen control glucémico y está sujeto a grandes limitaciones ya que, concomitantemente, predispone al paciente a mayor riesgo de hipoglucemias, y especialmente al aumento de peso y desarrollo de síndrome metabólico. La coexistencia de DM1 y obesidad con características del clásico síndrome de insulinorresistencia (DM dual), del tipo observado clásicamente en DM2, puede llevar al paciente DM1 con varios años de evolución a un riesgo acentuado de complicaciones cardiometabólicas y renales. El estudio EDIC demostró que a mayor aumento de peso en pacientes DM1, mayor riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares.
Insuficiencia cardíaca con fracción de eyección preservada. ¿Podemos mejorar el pronóstico?
Authors: Thierer Jorge
Published: October 2023

Se define como insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) con fracción de eyección (FE) preservada a aquella que cursa con FE del ventrículo izquierdo ≥50%. Suele agruparse en los estudios aleatorizados a los pacientes con FE levemente deteriorada, entre 41 y 49%. A diferencia de la IC con FE deprimida (≤40%), en la cual diferentes intervenciones (antagonistas neurohormonales, terapia eléctrica) demostraron mejorar el pronóstico, hasta hace poco no contábamos con evidencia de estudios aleatorizados en el contexto de la FE >40%. Las guías de práctica recomendaban en general evaluar la etiología, considerar las comorbilidades y controlar las condiciones acompañantes (frecuencia cardíaca, tensión arterial, fibrilación auricular, isquemia). En el subgrupo de los pacientes con FE, entre 41 y 49% había en la guía de IC de la ESC de 2021, una indicación IIb para los antagonistas neurohormonales1.