bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dança na educação básica
Authors: Costas Ana Maria Rodriguez , Andrieta Geovana , Tortorella Luiza , Tenório Marina , Hanada Ayumi
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo busca refletir sobre o sentido da presença da dança na educação básica e o papel do licenciado formado na área. Para tanto, focalizando o lugar da arte, e particularmente, da dança, partimos de uma contextualização histórica dos documentos que embasam os currículos nacionais, chegando na formulação da Base Nacional Curricular Comum e na reforma do ensino médio anunciada pela medida provisória 746/2016 –, procurando observar seus reflexos no ensino de dança hoje.  Seguimos então para discussões de algumas temáticas escolhidas pelas autoras: o papel da iniciação artística em dança como propiciadora da experiência estética e sua importância na construção da subjetividade; as práticas corporais e o desenvolvimento de valores como a singularidade, a alteridade e a noção de coletividade nas abordagens pedagógicas contemporâneas da dança; e, por fim, a imaginação e a criatividade como saberes cultivados nas experiências propostas por um projeto artístico inserido na escola. Por meio da discussão desses temas, nosso propósito é destacar a relevância do ensino da dança na escola, sob responsabilidade de professores formados nos cursos de licenciatura na área, capazes de trabalhar com a construção de saberes artísticos significativos para a formação de cidadãos plenos.
Evolution and Evaluation of Safety Offered by Active Safety, ADAS, and AD Systems
Authors: Nagai Masao , Yoshida Hidehisa ,   Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI)  Jidosha Kaikan, 1-1-30 Shiba Daimon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0012, Japan,   National Defense Academy of Japan 1-10-20 Hashirimizu, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-8686, Japan
Published: June 2020

This paper details the evolution of automotive safety technology over the years and the technical efforts in Japan that helped in foreseeing the development of safety technology and automated driving technology in the future.
Fast Euclidean Cluster Extraction Using GPUs
Authors: Nguyen Anh , Cano Abraham Monrroy , Edahiro Masato , Kato Shinpei ,   Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan,   Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
Published: June 2020

Clustering is the task of dividing an input dataset into groups of objects based on their similarity. This process is frequently required in many applications. However, it is computationally expensive when running on traditional CPUs due to the large number of connections and objects the system needs to inspect. In this paper, we investigate the use of NVIDIA graphics processing units and their programming platform CUDA in the acceleration of the Euclidean clustering (EC) process in autonomous driving systems. We propose GPU-accelerated algorithms for the EC problem on point cloud datasets, optimization strategies, and discuss implementation issues of each method. Our experiments show that our solution outperforms the CPU algorithm with speedup rates up to 87X on real-world datasets.
Autonomous Motion Planning in Pedestrian Space Considering Passenger Comfort
Authors: Yoshitake Hiroshi ,   Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563, Japan, Nishi Kenta , Shino Motoki
Published: June 2020

In this study, we proposed an autonomous motion planning method for improving passenger comfort while ensuring safety, particularly with respect to mobility scooters used by elderly people. We proposed a trajectory planner for restricting vehicle behaviors with large accelerations and jerks by selecting a safe trajectory from a set of preset trajectories. Then, based on this trajectory planner, we developed an autonomous motion planning method with four different driving modes, and evaluated the effectiveness of the method through a numerical simulation. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed method increased comfort without compromising on safety.
Long Range Six Degree-of-Freedom Magnetic Levitation Using Low Cost Sensing and Control
Authors: Berkelman Peter , Lu Yu-Sheng ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii 2540 Dole Street, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA,   Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University 162, Section 1, Heping East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
Published: June 2020

We have developed a magnetic levitation system which uses an array of cylindrical actuation coils and a set of three position sensing photodiode assemblies for controlled levitation of a moving platform of permanent magnets. The novelty of this system is that low cost, standard off-the-shelf commodity hardware and software components are used for position sensing and feedback control, rather than costly motion tracking sensing systems and controllers. The design and function of the system are described and controlled motion in all directions is demonstrated through motion ranges of 30 mm horizontal and 20 mm vertical translation, and 26° of roll and 43° of yaw rotation.
Development of a Gripper with Variable Stiffness for a CT-Guided Needle Insertion Robot
Authors: Yokouchi Kento , Kamegawa Tetsushi , Matsuno Takayuki , Hiraki Takao , Yamaguchi Takuya , Gofuku Akio ,   Rexxam Co., Ltd. 958 Ikeuchi, Konan-cho, Takamatsu-shi, Kagawa 761-1494, Japan,   Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan,   Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan,   Department of Radiology, Medical School, Okayama University 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan,   Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Okayama University Hospital 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
Published: June 2020

In recent years, interventional radiology (IR) as a medical procedure has attracted considerable attention. Among the various IR techniques, computed tomography (CT)-guided IR is performed by inserting a specific needle into a lesion under CT guidance, leading to this medical procedure being less invasive. However, as the procedure requires the doctor to be positioned near the CT, radiation exposure may be a major concern. To overcome this problem, we developed a remote-controlled robotic system for needle insertion during CT-guided interventional procedures. The current needle holder for the robot is risky in that it might hurt a patient since a needle is always held firmly even when the patient moves. To solve this problem, we designed and fabricated a gripper with variable stiffness through jamming transition. Subsequently, we conducted experiments to investigate the effect of elements constituting the gripper to improve its performance.
Evaluation of the Esthetic and Functional Outcomes of Extracorporeal Septoplasty for Rhinoplasty in Asian Patients
Authors: Mun Sue Jean , Choi Young-Seok , Kim Ji Hwan , Shim Woo Sub , Jung Hahn Jin
Published: June 2020

Objectives. In extracorporeal septoplasty (ECS), the entire septal cartilage is harvested, and a neo-L strut is built extracorporeally. Thus, ECS can simultaneously achieve septum straightening and tip projection. This study evaluated the functional and esthetic outcomes of the ECS technique for rhinoplasty in Asian patients.Methods. We conducted a retrospective review of 64 patients who underwent rhinoplasty using ECS between January 2016 and March 2018. Subjective patient satisfaction was assessed and objective surgical outcomes were evaluated. Improvement in nasal obstruction was rated using a visual analog scale (VAS). Anthropometric changes were compared between preoperative and postoperative facial photographs. Complications and revisions were also analyzed.Results. The participants comprised 64 patients (48 males and 16 females, with a mean age of 29.3 years). The mean operative time was 89.3 minutes. In total, 61 patients were satisfied with the esthetic outcome, and the overall objective rhinoplasty outcome score was 3.45. Preoperative nasal obstruction symptoms (7.9±1.2 on VAS) improved postoperatively (3.1±1.3, P<0.001), and significant improvements were also observed in the nasofrontal angle (152.3° to 148.1°, P<0.001), nasolabial angle (88.8° to 92.0°, P<0.001), and nasal tip projection (0.62 to 0.66, P<0.033). Recurrent deviation of the nasal septum and external nose or tip deprojection did not occur in any patients, and there were no cases of revision during the mean follow-up period of 13.3 months.Conclusion. ECS might be an esthetically and functionally satisfactory alternative rhinoplasty technique for Asian patients with a shortage of septal cartilage.
TOLERANSI 60 AKSESI KAPAS TERHADAP CEKAMAN SALINITAS PADA FASE VEGETATIF
Authors: SULISTYOWATI EMY , SUMARTINI SIWI , ABDURRAKHMAN ABDURRAKHMAN
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK

Ekstensifikasi pengembangan kapas ke luar Jawa berpeluangmenghadapi masalah salinitas, dan untuk memulai program pemuliaanvarietas kapas tahan salinitas diperlukan informasi ketahanan terhadapsalinitas dari koleksi plasma nutfah kapas. Enam puluh aksesi kapas telahdiuji ketahanannya pada tingkat salinitas 10 g/l NaCl dalam rancanganacak lengkap yang diulang tiga kali. Penelitian dilaksanakan diLaboratorium Pemuliaan pada Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau danSerat pada bulan Agustus – Oktober 2007. Pengamatan meliputi jumlah,panjang, dan berat akar, serta panjang dan berat tunas. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa parameter-parameter akar dan tunas yang diamatisampai dengan umur 28 HST belum konsisten untuk dijadikan dasar untukmelakukan skrining aksesi-aksesi untuk ketahanan terhadap cekamansalinitas. Terdapat tiga aksesi yang termasuk kategori peka terhadapsalinitas untuk semua parameter yang diamati, yaitu aksesi-aksesi NF-SC1, NF-SL 2, dan Tamcot SP-37. Selain itu juga terdapat 5 aksesi yangsecara stabil menunjukkan toleransi terhadap cekaman salinitas yaituaksesi-aksesi KPX 22, NH 38, Ngwe Chi 1, Dora 11, DP-NF-3, BRI 1,dan DPX 7062-5228.

Kata kunci : Gossypium hirsutum, aksesi, toleransi, salinitas, vegetatifTolerance of 60 Cotton Accessions to Salinity Stress atVegetative Stage

ABSTRACT

Extension of cotton development program outside Java potentiallyfaces salinity problem, and therefore, in order to start the cotton breedingprogram for saline resistant varieties, it is required accurate information onresistance level of cotton accessions in the germplasm collection. Sixtycotton accessions have been tested for their tolerance in 10 g/l NaCl incomplete randomized design with three replications. The experiment washeld at the Breeding Laboratory of the Indonesian Tobacco and FiberCrops Research Institute from August to October 2007. Observations weremade on the number, length, and weight of root, as well as length andweight of shoot. Experimental result showed that root and shootparameters observed up to 28 DAP were not consistent for screeningcotton accession tolerant to salinity. There are three intolerant accessions,namely NF-SC 1, NF-SL 2, and Tamcot SP-37. In addition, there are fiveaccessions tolerant to salinity namely KPX 22, NH 38, Ngwe Chi 1, Dora11, DP-NF-3, BRI 1, and DPX 7062-5228.

Key words: Gossypium hirsutum, accessions, tolerance, salinity, vegetative
PEMILIHAN BATANG BAWAH JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas Linn.) TOLERAN TERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN
Authors: CHOLID MOHAMMAD , HARIYADI HARIYADI , SUSANTO SLAMET , DJUMALI DJUMALI , PURWOKO BAMBANG SAPTA
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK
KARAKTERISTIK NANOEMULSI MINYAK SAWIT MERAH YANG DIPERKAYA BETA KAROTEN
Authors: YULIASARI SHANNORA , FARDIAZ DEDI , ANDARWULAN NURI , YULIANI SRI
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK
Minyak sawit merah (Red palm oil/RPO) dan β-karoten tidak larut
dalam air sehingga sulit diaplikasikan ke dalam produk pangan. Salah satu
pendekatan untuk meningkatkan kelarutan RPO dan β-karoten adalah emulsifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan nanoemulsi RPO
diperkaya β-karoten yang stabil. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium
SEAFAST CENTER IPB dari Januari–September 2013. Pada penelitian
tahap pertama, nanoemulsi disiapkan melalui tahap-tahap: pengayaan RPO
dengan β β-karoten
menggunakan HPH (High Pressure Homogenizer) pada tekanan 34,5 MPa
dengan 10 siklus. Rasio RPO dan air dalam emulsi adalah 5 : 95; 7,5 :
92,5; dan 10 : 90 (b/b), dan persentase Tween 80 sebagai pengemulsi
adalah 2,5; 5,0; 7,5; dan 10% (b/b) dari total emulsi. Pada tahap kedua,
nanoemulsi disiapkan dengan persentase RPO: 2, 4, dan 6% (b/b) dan
pengemulsi 1,5; 3,0; dan 4,5% (b/b) dari total emulsi. Hasil penelitian
tahap pertama menunjukkan nanoemulsi yang dibuat dengan rasio RPO :
air = 5 : 95 dan 7,5 : 92,5 serta pengemulsi 5% (b/b) menghasilkan emulsi
dengan ukuran droplet 115,1 sampai 145,2 nm dan stabil. Nanoemulsi
yang dihasilkan dari penelitian tahap kedua memiliki ukuran droplet 94,9
sampai 125,5 nm, dan kadar β-karoten antara 47,6 sampai 130,9 mg/l.
Ukuran droplet nanoemulsi yang kurang dari 125 nm dapat dihasilkan
dengan formula rasio RPO dan pengemulsi kurang dari 2,0.
Kata kunci: minyak sawit merah, β-karoten, nanoemulsi, homogenizer

ABSTRACT
Red palm oil (RPO) and β-carotene are insoluble in water. It makes
can be used to improve RPO and β
This research is aimed to produce stable RPO nanoemulsion enriched with
β-carotene. The research was conducted in the SEAFAST CENTER
Laboratory, Bogor Agriculture University from January to September
following steps, i.e. enrichment of RPO with β
using a high pressure homogenizer at a pressure of 34.5 MPa in 10 cycles.
The ratio of RPO and water in the mixture were 5 : 95; 7.5 : 92.5; and 10 :
10% (w/w) of the total emulsions. In the second stage, nanoemulsions
were prepared on various RPO percentage of 2, 4, and 6% (w/w) and
had a droplet size from 115.1 to 145.2 nm and stable. Nanoemulsions were
resulting from the second stage had droplet size from 94.9 to 125.5 nm,
and β-carotene content were 47.6 to 130.9 mg/l. Droplet size of
nanoemulsions is less than 125 nm. It can be produced with RPO and
Key words: red palm oil, β-carotene, nanoemulsion, homogenizer
Use of BioFire FilmArray gastrointestinal PCR panel associated with reductions in antibiotic use, time to optimal antibiotics, and length of stay.
Authors: Torres-Miranda Daisy , Akselrod Hana , Karsner Ryan , Secco Alessandra , Silva-Cantillo Diana , Siegel Marc O. , Roberts Afsoon D. , Simon Gary L.
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Rapid and accurate diagnostic tools are needed for appropriate management of infectious diarrhea. METHODS: We evaluated the impact of the introduction of rapid multiplex PCR testing using the FilmArray gastrointestinal (GI) panel (BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, UT) at our institution, and compared the results to those of standard stool cultures. RESULTS: The most common pathogens detected by the FilmArray GI panel were Clostridium difficile (55.0%), Campylobacter species (20.9%), Salmonella species (12.4%), and Shigella/EIEC species (12.4%). Rates of reproducibility in stool culture for these pathogens ranged from 56.3% to 77.8%. Co-detection of two or more organisms was common (24.2%), most commonly involving EPEC, EAEC, ETEC, and STEC. The time from arrival in the Emergency Department to discharge or admission to the hospital was unchanged after the introduction of FilmArray GI panel, but length of hospital stay was shorter (3 vs. 7.5 days, p=0.0002) for the FilmArray group. The time to empiric antibiotics did not differ significantly, but optimal antibiotics were started earlier after introduction of the FilmArray GI panel (hospital day 1 vs. 2, p<0.0001). More patients were discharged without antibiotics after introduction of the FilmArray GI panel (14.0% vs. 4.5%; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that the FilmArray GI panel is an important tool for improving both patient care and antibiotic stewardship, despite the tendency for positive results with multiple pathogens.
Role of TSP-1 as prognostic marker in various cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Shengjie , Dong Huiyu , Yan Tao , Li Junchen , Liu Bianjiang , Shao Pengfei , Li Jie , Liang Chao
Published: June 2020

Background Published studies present conflicting data regarding the impact of Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) expression on prognosis of various cancers. We performed this meta-analysis to illustrate the preliminary predictive value of TSP-1. Methods Twenty-four studies with a total of 2379 patients were included. A comprehensive literature search was performed by using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and hand searches were also conducted of relevant bibliographies. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for patient survival and disease recurrence were initially identified to explore relationships between TSP-1 expression and patient prognosis. Results A total of 24 eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis. Our results showed that high level of TSP-1 was correlated significantly with poor overall survival (OS) (HR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.17~1.68; P＜0.001). However, high TSP-1 expression predicted no significant impact on progression-free survival (PFS)/ metastasis-free survival (MFS) (HR=1.35, 95%CI: 0.87-2.10; P=0.176) and disease-free survival (DFS)/ recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR = 1.40, 95%CI: 0.77–2.53; P=0.271). In addition, we performed subgroup analyses which showed that high TSP-1 expression predicted poor prognosis in breast cancer and gynecological cancer. Additionally, the relatively small number of studies on PFS/MFS and DFS/RFS is a limitation. The data extracted through Kaplan-Meier curves may not be accurate. Moreover, only English articles were included in this article, which may lead to deviations in the results.Conclusions Our findings indicated high TSP-1 expression may act as a promising biomarker of poor prognosis in cancers, especially in breast cancer and gynecological cancer.
High-viscosity bone cement for vertebral compression fractures: a prospective study on intravertebral diffusion and leakage of bone cement
Authors: wang meiyong , jin qunhua
Published: June 2020

Background: Bone cement leakage causes severe complication following percutaneous vertebroplasty. This study probed the diffusion and leakage status of bone cement injected within diverged time duration, so as to find the optimal injection time for bone cement. Methods: A total of 70 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with a symptom of low back pain, who underwent treatment at hospital were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomized into three groups: <180 s, 180-300, and >300 s of injection time duration from the beginning to the completion of the injection. The scenarios of vertebral bone cement leakage and diffusion were inspected using postoperative CT.Results: The diffusion coefficient was higher in group A than in group B whereas it was higher in group B than in group C, but without statistical significance among the three groups. The leakage rate was without statistical significance among the three groups. The injection time of bone cement was negatively correlated with the diffusion coefficient, at the correlation coefficient of -0.253. Conclusions: The diffusion coefficient of high-viscosity bone cement is negatively correlated with the injection time, and the leakage rate of high-viscosity bone cement does not reduce with the prolongation of injection time.
Supporting Australian Clinical Learners In A Collaborative Clusters Education Model: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: de Mortel Thea van , Armit Lyn , Shanahan Brenton , Needham Judith , Brown Candy , Grafton Eileen , Havell Michelle , Henderson Amanda , Grealish Laurie
Published: June 2020

Background: Nursing student numbers have risen in response to projected registered nurse shortfalls, increasing numbers of new graduates requiring transitional support and pressure on clinical placements. A Collaborative Clusters Education Model, in which Entry to Practice facilitators coach ward-based registered nurses to support students’ and new graduates’ learning, may address placement capacity. The research aim was to evaluate the acceptability of the Collaborative Clusters Education Model to stakeholders by examining their perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to the model in its implementation. Methods: A convergent mixed methods evaluation approach was adopted. The study took place in a large Australian health service in south-east Queensland. Participants included Bachelor of Nursing students, Entry to Practice facilitators, ward-based registered nurses, academics and new graduates. A mixed methods design was used. Elements included an online survey of nursing students, and interviews with new graduates, Entry to Practice facilitators, ward-based registered nurses, and academics. Descriptive statistics were calculated on quantitative data. Thematic analysis was conducted on qualitative data. Results: Participants included 134 (of 990) nursing students (response rate 13.5%), five new graduates, seven Entry to Practice facilitators, four registered nurses, and three nurse academics. Students rated facilitators’ effectiveness highly (4.43/5±0.75), although this finding is tempered by a low response rate (13.5%). For learners, the model provided access to learning experiences, although preferences for sources of support differed between students and new graduates, and further clarification of responsibilities was required. For other stakeholders, three themes emerged: students’ and new graduates’ integration into the workplace can promote learning; tensions arise in new ways to approach performance assessment; and aligning expectations requires high levels of communication. Conclusions: This evaluation found that acceptability was good but at risk from limited clarity around roles and responsibilities. Further research into this model is recommended.
The design of an “H” joystick for closed reduction and its application in segmental and comminuted femoral shaft fractures: an innovative technique
Authors: Jia Zhaofeng , Wang Shijin , Xiao Tinghui , Jiang Wei , Zhou Tianjian , Liu Qisong , Li Guangheng , Hu Xinjia
Published: June 2020

Background: Closed reduction and locked intramedullary nailing has become a common surgical method in the treatment of femoral shaft fractures. Overlap and rotation displacements can usually be corrected through the use of an orthopaedic traction table. However, lateral displacement and angulation persist. Methods: In this paper, we describe a joystick that can be used in the closed reduction of a fracture. It can correct lateral displacement and angulation and has the advantage of multi-direction reduction. The device described in this paper includes two parallel horizontal joysticks, one vertical main joystick and four assistant rods. Moreover, there are many specific spacing holes in the two parallel horizontal joysticks and a groove structure in the vertical main joystick. When the main “H” joystick is pressed, it can adjust lateral displacements and angulation because of the lever principle. The distance between parallel horizontal joysticks and assistant rods can be adjusted to the fracture position and body mass index of different patients. Results: The study participants consisted of 11 males and 5 females with a mean age of 31.0 years. All participants had good closed reduction and achieved bony union without any complications such as infection, nerve injury, nonunion, malunion and limb length discrepancy. By using an “H” joystick, closed femoral shaft fracture reduction and locked intramedullary nailing becomes simpler and faster. Conclusion: Based on the use of this instrument, we can easily and conveniently obtain the correct reduction situation, which leads to better surgical results. This device can be applied in the reduction of clinical femoral fractures and gradually extended to the reduction of other fractures.
Mitochondrial-nuclear coadaptation revealed through mtDNA replacements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Nguyen Tuc H.M. , Sondhi Sargunvir , Ziesel Andrew , Paliwal Swati , Fiumera Heather
Published: June 2020

Background: Mitochondrial function requires numerous genetic interactions between mitochondrial- and nuclear- encoded genes. While selection for optimal mitonuclear interactions should result in coevolution between both genomes, evidence for mitonuclear coadaptation is challenging to document. Genetic models where mitonuclear interactions can be explored are needed. Results: We systematically exchanged mtDNAs between 15 Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates from a variety of ecological niches to create 225 unique mitochondrial-nuclear genotypes. Analysis of phenotypic profiles confirmed that environmentally-sensitive interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear genotype contributed to growth differences. Exchanges of mtDNAs between strains of the same or different clades were just as likely to demonstrate mitonuclear epistasis although epistatic effect sizes increased with genetic distances. Strains with their original mtDNAs were more fit than strains with synthetic mitonuclear combinations when grown in media emulating their original ecological niches. Conclusions: This study shows that natural variation in mitonuclear interactions contribute to fitness landscapes and thus provide a platform for natural selection to promote coevolution. Multiple examples of coadapted mitochondrial-nuclear genotypes suggest that selection for mitonuclear interactions is an important evolutionary force that has helped shape the population structure of S. cerevisiae.
Resveratrol and Puerarin loaded polymeric nanoparticles to enhance the chemotherapeutic efficacy in spinal cord injury
Authors: Song Qimin , Chen Wei , Zhao Zongqin , Zhao Shuchao , Zhang Lizhong
Published: June 2020

Introduction:Spinal cord injury includes inflammation and apoptosis of neurons, which is difficult to cure by systemic drug administration. Administration of natural active compounds (resveratrol and also Puerarin) by advance drug delivery technology improves the patient’s conditions.Material and Methods: Oil-in-water emulsion method was utilized to prepare resveratrol as well as puerarin loaded PLGA nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were subjected to mean zeta potential, mean particle size, encapsulation efficiency as well as in vitro drug release studies. The biochemical parameters i.e. malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), advanced oxidation products (AOPP), catalase (CAT) and nitrite/nitrate levels were tested for the loaded nanoparticles. Reperfusion injury induced rats treated with 10 mg/kg resveratrol and puerarin loaded nanoparticles protects spine from ischemia injury and supports biological parameters.Results: The mean particle size varies from 238 nm to 274 nm and also particle size distribution was mono-dispersed (0.239 to 0.318). Zeta potential value of nanoparticles was observed to be -12.6 ± 2.1 mV. Optimized nanoparticles reveals 72% -79% of drug release over 36 h by diffusion mechanism. Significantly, lowers the levels of plasma nitrite/nitrate level as well as phosphorylation of p38MAPK pathways in reperfusion injury induced rats.Conclusion: The resveratrol and puerarin loaded nanoparticles decreases free radicals produced by reperfusion injury induced rats, as well as decrease of oxidative stress because of IRI. Resveratrol and puerarin loaded nanoparticles decreases GSH, SOD and CAT antioxidant level, which helps in overall health improvement of patients.
Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Novel Hub Gene Pathways Associated With IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Jiang xue , Xu Zhijie , Du Yuanyuan , Chen Hongyu
Published: June 2020

Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulopathy worldwide. However, the molecular events underlying IgAN remain to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers of IgAN through bioinformatics analysis and elucidate the possible molecular mechanism. Methods: Based on the microarray datasets GSE93798 and GSE37460 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, the diﬀerentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IgAN samples and normal controls were identified. Using the DEGs, we further performed a series of functional enrichment analyses. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of the DEGs were constructed using the STRING online search tool and were visualized using Cytoscape. Next, hub genes were identified and the most important module among the DEGs, Biological Networks Gene Oncology tool (BiNGO), was used to elucidate the molecular mechanism of IgAN.Results: In total, 148 DEGs were identified, comprising 53 upregulated genes and 95 downregulated genes. Gene Oncology (GO) analysis indicated that the DEGs for IgAN were mainly enriched in extracellular exosome, region and space, fibroblast growth factor stimulus, inflammatory response, and innate immunity. Module analysis showed that genes in the top 1 significant module of the PPI network were mainly associated with innate immune response, integrin-mediated signaling pathway and inflammatory response. The top 10 hub genes were constructed in the PPI network, which could well distinguish the IgAN and control group in monocyte and tissue samples. We finally identified the integrin subunit beta 2 (ITGB2) and Fc fragment of IgE receptor Ig (FCER1G) genes that may play important roles in the development of IgAN.Conclusions: We identified key genes along with the pathways that were most closely related to IgAN initiation and progression. Our results provide a more detailed molecular mechanism for the development of IgAN and novel candidate gene targets of IgAN.
L1 Gene Molecular Variation of Human Papilloma Virus Type 16 from Cervical Cancer Patient
Authors: Savira Maya , Putra Andani Eka , S Donel , Mutia Levina , Ovinita Sarah , Yusrawati  , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty
Published: June 2020

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most cancer in the world after breast cancer, this cancer is caused by infection of high risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) type 16. It is often found in cervical cancer whose genome structure is composed of L1 proteins. L1 protein makes up the viral capsid that has an important role to infect the cervical epithelium. Several studies have found the differences in HPV nucleotides variants that lead to changes in amino acids that can disrupt the structure, the nature function of the virus itself, and ultimately lead to changes in biological functions including host immunological recognition. Variation of the L1 gene will also affect the effectiveness of existing vaccines. Methods: This research is a descriptive study conducted at the laboratory of microbiology at the Faculty of Medicine at Andalas Padang University from February to August 2018 which aims to look at the molecular variations of the L1 HPV type 16 gene and see phylogenic kinship. Results: This study obtained SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) on all HPV 16 samples in the form of C / G (6240), A / G (6432), T / G (6686), C / T (6823) and insertion of nucleotide bases ACT (6901) ) and followed by GAT base deletions (6953) variations occurring along the observed sample isolate sequences.Conclusion: There are molecular variations of the L1 HPV type 16 gene which can cause different host immune responses. Phylogenic kinship of HPV type 16 isolate in Riau is close to Asian-American isolate.
Use of systematic reviews to justify the conduct of urology clinical trials
Authors: Shepard Samuel , Wise Audrey , Johnson Bradley S. , Vassar Matt
Published: June 2020

Background Given the increased amount of research being funded in the field of urology, reducing the amount of research waste is vital. Systematic reviews are an essential tool in aiding in reducing waste in research; they are a comprehensive summary of the current data on a clinical question. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of systematic reviews as justification in conducting randomized clinical trials (RCT) in high impact urology journals. Methods On December 13, 2019, one of us (BJ) conducted a PubMed search for randomized controlled trials published in the top four urology journals according to their Google Scholar h5-index. Using a masked data extraction process each RCT was searched for systematic reviews. Then each review was evaluated for if it was justification for conducting the trial based on the context the systematic review was used.Results Of the 566 articles retrieved 281 were included. Overall 60.5% (170/281) trials cited a systematic review. We found only 47.6% (134/281) studies cited a systematic review as “verbatim” justification for conducting the trial. Regression analysis yielded a finding of statistical significance in showing a correlation of studies over medical devices were more likely to cite a systematic review than other study topics ( adjusted odds ratio 2.01, 95% CI, 1.08 - 3.73) A total of 409 different systematic review citations were recorded in the 281 trials.Conclusion Less than half of clinical trials cited a systematic review as justification for conducting the trial. If clinical trials were required to support their studies with systematic reviews we believe this would greatly reduce the amount of research waste within clinical research.
LPWAN-Based Hybrid Backhaul Communication for Intelligent Transportation Systems: Architecture and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Shahgholi Taghi , Sheikhahmadi Amir , Khamforoosh Keyhan , Azizi Sadoon
Published: June 2020

There are more than 1.3 billion vehicles around the world and rapidly growing which causing worldwide challenges such as congestion, huge fuel consumption, and emissions. The solution to these issues could be expansion of infrastructure or making efficient use of the current infrastructure using current technological advances by implementing Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs). In this paper, we proposed and explored the possibility of using cellular-based Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) communications, LTE-M and Narrowband

Internet of Things (NB-IoT), for ITS applications. LTE-M and NB-IoT are designed to provide long-range, low power, and lowcost communication infrastructure and can be a viable promising option for immediate implementation in the real world. In order to understand the feasibility of using LPWAN for ITS, we investigated two applications with low and high delay requirements:

road traffic monitoring and emergency vehicle management and preemption. Then, the performance of using LTE-M and NB-IoT for providing backhaul communication infrastructure has been evaluated in a realistic simulation environment and compared for these two scenarios in terms of end to end latency per user. SUMO traffic simulator has been used for realistic traffic generation and a Python-based program with the ability to live data exchange with SUMO has been developed for communication performance evaluations. The simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of using LPWAN for ITS backhaul infrastructure where it was in favor of the LTE-M over NB-IoT.
Repellent effect of the caraway Carum carvi L. on the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)
Authors: Kłyś Małgorzata , Izdebska Aleksandra , Malejky-Kłusek Natalia
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to check whether Carum carvi L. essential oil and L-carvone act on Sitophilus oryzae L. as repellents and/or insecticides, in what concentrations and after what time. ResultsCaraway essential oil and L-carvone the highest repellency showed not in the highest concentrations used in the tests (1%), but in lower concentrations, respectively 0.5% and 0.1%. Caraway essential oil in all used concentrations showed repellent effects on S. oryzae. The highest repellency (60-98%) caused caraway essential oil in concentration 0.5% after 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 h of the research. The highest repellence of L-carvone (16-100%) resulted in concentration 0.1%. The highest mortality of S. oryzae caused 0.5% caraway essential oil.
Protease Inhibitors: Strategy to Disrupt COVID 19 Contagion
Authors: Paul Dhiman C , bhattacharjee minakshi , Sarma Manash P
Published: June 2020

Background:

The COVID 2019 (Corona Virus Disease) has been currently going pandemic as per WHO (World Health Organisation) situation reports. The major differentiating point in this virus is the presence of a unique furin cleavage site. Our insilico study points out to the effectiveness of a potent plant origin furin inhibitor. We exploited the aspect of the cleavage machinery of furin which is critical and indispensible for the entry of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome –Corona Virus 2) in human cells and subsequent massive contagion. Most of the drugs are presently targeting ACEII (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2) receptor. But these options have injurious effects in diabetics and cardiac patients. Repurposing of old drugs are the current undergoing therapeutic measures as per the EUA (Emergency Usage Administration) of Food and Drug Administration. These aspects could be avoided if we develop a better and safer strategized drug .
Methods

In silico analysis of plant based protein analogs to inhibit furin protein.
Results

Significant interactions of proposed analogs of protease inhibitor of plant origin against furin protein. Furin inhibitors would be incredible drug targets against cancers, MERS CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) and most urgently SARS- CoV-2.
Conclusion

We report the first of its kind of furin inhibitor and believe that this major finding would fast track arenas for drug trials.
Soluble P-Selectin, Von Willebrand Factor, And Adamts13 Levels As Risk Factors Of Deep Vein Thrombosis In Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy
Authors: Setiawan Budi , Permatadewi Cecilia Oktaria , de Samakto Baringin , Bugis Ashar , Pangarsa Eko Adhi , Santosa Damai , Suharti Catharina
Published: June 2020

Background
There is a high number of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) incidence among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Chemotherapy-induced vascular endothelial cell activation (VECA) is marked with increasing plasma levels of von Willebrand Factor (VWF) and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) leading to activation of endothelial cells and coagulation cascade. The biological role of a disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1, motif 13 (ADAMTS13) is to control the activity of VWF. The objectives of this study is to investigate the role of sP-selectin, VWF, and ADAMTS13 as risk factors for the incidence of DVT in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Methods
This prospective cohort study was conducted in Dr. Kariadi hospital, Semarang Indonesia, on 40 cancer patients. Soluble P-selectin, VWF, and ADAMS13 plasma levels were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, examined before and after chemotherapy. These patients were observed for the possibility of developing DVT during three months.
Results
Deep vein thrombosis was confirmed in 5 patients (12.5%) after a median period of 8 weeks. In patients with DVT, sP-selectin and VWF were significantly higher, while ADAMTS13 were significantly lower compared in cancer patients without DVT. Pre- and post-chemotherapy concentration of sP selectin, VWF, and ADAMTS13 could effectively predict the incidence of DVT in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The levels of sP-selectin, VWF and ADAMTS13 pre-chemotherapy with cut-off point >106.7 ng/mL, >2.99 U/mL and <0,80 U/mL, respectively, had relative risk (RR) for DVT incidence being 16 (95% CI 2,06-124,25, p=0,001); 36 (95% CI 5,21-248,65, p=0,000) and 10,5 (95% CI 1,31-84,28, p=0,015), respectively, whereas the levels of sP-selectin, VWF and ADAMTS13 post-chemotherapy with cut-off point >111.7 ng/mL, >3,06 U/mL and <0,49 U/mL, respectively, had RR for DVT incidence being 8.7 (95% CI 1,01-74,39, p=0,045); 20,4 (95% CI 2,60-159,94, p=0,004) and 26,25 (95% CI 3,50-196,48, p=0,002), respectively. Pre-chemotherapy vWF levels (cut-off value >2.99 U/mL) was found to be independently predict DVT incidence with RR 11.1 (95% CI, 1.95-62.74, p=0.007).
Conclusions
Plasma levels of VWF more than 2.99 U/mL pre-chemotherapy was an independent risk factor for DVT incidence, which could be performed early and helpful for thromboprophylaxis therapy.
A case-control association study of COMT rs4680 Polymorphism with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Cognitive Functions: The role of sex
Authors: hamidian sajedeh , Pourshahbaz Abbas , moradkhani atefeh , Dolatshahi Behrooz , Ananloo Esmaeil Shahsavand , Ohadi Mina
Published: June 2020

Background

Previous studies have emphasized the role of genetic components in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and cognitive functions. One of the most controversial markers in this area is the COMT rs4680 polymorphism. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of rs4680 on susceptibility to OCD and cognitive functions with respect to the moderating role of sex.
Methods

The subjects included 127 patients with OCD and 145 healthy controls. Genotyping was carried out by ARMS-PCR. The subjects underwent cognitive evaluations using the Wechsler Memory Scale-III. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 and R package software.
Results

The results showed a significantly higher frequency of the AA genotype in the OCD group than in the healthy control group. Cognitive assessments showed weaker Immediate Memory and General Memory performance in the patients with OCD than in the control group. No significant association was found between rs4680 and memory dimensions in the total sample, whereas analysis by sex revealed a significant association of rs4680 with Working Memory only in females.
Conclusions

The results of this study confirm previous findings about the association of the AA genotype with OCD. These findings also corroborate previous assumptions about impaired episodic memory in patients with OCD. Moreover, the association of rs4680 with Working Memory only in females endorses the hypothesis of the sexual dimorphism of the effects of this COMT gene polymorphism.
Prioritization of Human physiology Topics for medical school, what to teach? Expert Teachers' views
Authors: Awooda Hiba A , El-Mardi Abdelmoniem S.
Published: June 2020

Background: There has been a sustained increase in physiology knowledge in the last century that created a growing problem for educationalists and we lack general agreement on the educational content of the physiology course for medical students. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that involved physiology teachers with different categories of academic ranking including associate professors, assistant professors, and lecturers who were working at physiology departments in different faculties of medicine on the date of the study. A standardized self-administered questionnaire was developed, pre-tested, and used for data collection from the study population. The collected data was analyzed by the use of computerized statistical package Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0.Results: The respondents were asked to determine the importance of the topics using three criteria: frequency of encounter, burden, and seriousness, then based on the total score; topics were divided into core (need to know), recommended (good to know), proposed (nice to know). All the contents of physiology subjects were listed and topics were prioritized accordingly. Finally, we established a list of 53 core (need to know) topics. There was no significant correlation found between the current academic status of the participants and Important of the topics. These findings provided evidence of the presence of general agreement among physiologists on the core physiology educational content that need to be taught to medical students.
Medical Students’ Attitudes towards Careers in Primary Care in Singapore
Authors: Zainal Humairah , Smith Helen Elizabeth
Published: June 2020

Background: Singapore needs more family doctors to care for its ageing population and their chronic conditions. To boost the recruitment of doctors within primary care, we need to better understand medical students’ attitudes and experience of General Practice and Family Medicine. While many studies have explored the facilitators and barriers to teaching undergraduate medical students in this field of medicine from the perspectives of GP teachers and trainers, few have examined students’ exposure to primary care in medical schools. Although there are works on factors influencing students’ attitudes towards primary care careers, the roles of medical schools, professional bodies and state institutions tend to be discussed independently of one another. This article explores medical students’ perceptions towards careers in primary care and how different stakeholders might collaborate in strengthening the medical school experience. Methods: Six focus groups involving 54 students from three medical schools in Singapore were conducted. Discussions focussed on their primary care experience, their professional and career aspirations, and perceptions towards the opportunities and challenges of primary care careers. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the qualitative data. Results: 15 key themes emerged from the discussions; 10 reflected key concerns of pursuing primary care careers whereas 5 others highlighted their positive aspects. The former include society’s perceptions of primary care professions as sub-standard, specialists’ negative attitudes towards family doctors, the emphasis on the lifestyle benefits of primary care careers rather than their professional characteristics, mundane case mix, limited professional opportunities, lack of continuity of care, limited consultation time, low remuneration, need for business acumen, and conflicts created by business in clinical care. However, the respondents also articulated positive views, including its lifestyle benefits, autonomy of private practice and better patient care, opportunities for entrepreneurialism and a portfolio career, breadth of clinical problems presented, and an improved future for General Practice and Family Medicine. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that coordinated initiatives from multiple stakeholders would help to increase the attractiveness of primary care as a career choice among students. Improvements in the medical school experience will significantly enhance the prestige of General Practice and Family Medicine.
Impact of day care services on physical and cognitive functions in old people with dementia
Authors: Lin Cheng-Fu , Wu Jia-Jyun , Huang Yu-Hui , Ju Li-Ying , Lin Shih-Yi , Lin Chu-Sheng , Chou Ying-Chyi
Published: June 2020

Background

Day care service (DCS) provides various activities in a professionally environment to meet the old people with functional limitations. However, relatively little is known about the effects of DCS on physical and mental functions.
Methods

We used a comprehensive geriatric assessment to evaluate the changes before and after DCS among participants in a hospital-affiliated geriatric day care center. The burden of the participants’ families was also assessed.
Results

The 18 participants with a median age of 80.9 (interquartile range (IQR): 75.2–86.6 y/o) were enrolled and followed up for six months. Based on the clinical dementia rating (CDR), disease stage was very mild in 3 participants, mild in 10, moderate in 3, and severe in 2. The activities of daily living (ADL) scores of the participants improved significantly from 75 (IQR: 60.0–80.0) at baseline to 77.5 (IQR: 65.0–90.0) at the sixth month (p < 0.001), and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores from 15 (IQR: 11.5–20.0) to 18 (IQR: 15.8–24.0) (p = 0.026). There was a positive correlation of baseline mini-nutritional assessment-short form score and the 3-level version of the European Quality of Life-5 dimensions utility index with both ADL and MMSE scores at the six-month follow-up. In addition, the family burden scale was reduced from 22 to 15 (p = 0.002).
Conclusion

The physical and cognitive functions in old people with dementia who received DCS were improved, and their families’ stress burden was alleviated.