bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is Autologous Sticky Bone Better Than a Simple Mixture of Autologous PRF and Bioactive Glass in the Regeneration of Human Periodontal Intrabony Defects? An Extensive Clinical and CBCT Study
Authors: Singh Neelesh , Kashyap Medha
Published: October 2023

Periodontal intrabony defects (IBDs) are commonly encountered in dental practice and are usually treated by open flap debridement (OFD) with or without bone grafts and/or guided tissue regeneration (GTR), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), or other additives. A difficulty with these approaches is maintaining the space for bone growth at the determined location. In this report, autologous sticky bone (ASB) was used and compared to a simple mixture of PRF and bone graft (PRF-BG) using the identical graft material—bioactive glass morsels—to assess its regenerative potential in IBDs, as sticky bone is known to maintain the space, according to previous research. A total of 21 IBDs were treated by OFD, PRF-BG mixture, or ASB. Regenerative assessment was clinically and radiographically performed by CBCT at 1 year. All the treatment modalities (OFD, PRF-BG, and ASB) showed statistically significant improvements clinically and radiographically at 1 year in terms of probing pocket depth reduction (PPDR), clinical attachment level gain (CALG), CBCT defect fill (CBCT-DF), and CBCT defect resolution (CBCT-DR); P < .05. The ASB group depicted the most favorable results (P < .05) in terms of the parameters at 1 year followed by the PRF-BG group and then the OFD group. Treatment of periodontal IBDs with ASB resulted in significant improvements in clinical and CBCT parameters compared to baseline at 1 year, and intrasurgical graft handling was much better in the ASB group.
Prosthesis Emergence Angle Influences Marginal Bone Level for External Connection Implants: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Montaruli Graziano , Dedola Alberto , Russo Diana , Zhurakivska Khrystyna , Laino Luigi , Mastrangelo Filiberto , Troiano Giuseppe
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the influence of prosthetic features on marginal bone level changes around bone-level implants with an external hex connection. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients with 166 implants and cemented crowns were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Prosthetic features were radiographically evaluated, including emergence angle (EA), emergence profile (EP), crown-implant ratio (CIR), and abutment height. Marginal bone levels were measured on intraoral radiographs taken at baseline and after at least 1 year. The correlation between prosthetic features and marginal bone loss (MBL) was then investigated. Results: The mean follow-up time was 43.94 months. Implant length varied between 5 and 13 mm. The mean height of the abutments used was 1.55 mm. EA measured an average 30.62 degrees (± 13.20) mesially and 29.45 degrees (± 13.07) distally. The CIR was 0.99 (± 0.26). The mean MBL was 0.19 mm on the mesial side and 0.20 mm on distal side of the implants. Significant positive associations emerged between MBL and implant length (P < .005) and with EA (P < .05). A convex profile of the crown was shown to be associated with a higher distal MBL (P = .025) compared to concave and straight profiles.
The Effect Of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Conditioning on Dentin Bond Strength and Nanoleakage of Universal Adhesive Systems: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Karatas Ozcan , Sagsoz Omer , Kapti Zeynep Sumeyye
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser conditioning on dentin bond strength and nanoleakage of different universal and self-etch adhesives. Materials and Methods: A total of 84 intact human third molar teeth were cut at the dentin level, and half of them were laser conditioned. The specimens were divided into three groups; two different universal resins and one self-etch adhesive resin were applied and composite resin restorations were created. For the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) test, 20 microspecimens were prepared from the laser and control group of each adhesive (n = 20) and tested with a universal device. For nanoleakage observation, 10 specimens were prepared from each group (n = 10) and stored in silver nitrate solution, and then the amount of nanoleakage was analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA, Tukey’s honestly significant difference, and chi-square tests. Results: The mean dentin bond strength of all adhesives in the laser groups was found to be statistically significantly lower than those of the control groups (P < .05). No difference was found between the mean bond strength of the adhesives in the laser and control groups (P > .05). Higher nanoleakage was observed in all adhesives in the laser groups compared to the control groups (P < .05). Conclusions: Irradiation of the dentin surface with Er,Cr:YSGG could adversely affect the µTBS and nanoleakage, likely by affecting the structure of the hybrid layer.
Comparison of Radiographic and Clinical Status and Peri-implant Crevicular Fluid Prostaglandin E2 Levels Among Patients with Peri-implant Mucositis and Peri-implantitis
Authors: Ali Dena , Baskaradoss Jagan Kumar , Bello-Correa Fernanda Oliveira , Al-Asfour Adel
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to compare radiographic and clinical status and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels among patients with and without peri-implant disease. Patients with peri-implant mucositis (PiM) (Group 1) and peri-implantitis (Group 2) and individuals without peri-implant disease (Group 3) were included. Demographic information was collected, and peri-implant modified plaque and bleeding indices (mPI and mBI), probing depth (PD), and crestal bone loss (CBL) were recorded. PISF samples were collected and PGE2 levels measured. Statistical significance was set at P < .01. A total of 22 patients with PiM, 22 with peri-implantitis, and 23 without peri-implant disease (controls) were included. Scores of mPI (P < .01), mBI (P < .01), and PD (P < .01) were higher in patients with PiM and peri-implantitis than the controls. The volumes of collected PISF were significantly higher in patients with peri-implantitis (P < .01) compared to patients with PiM and the controls. The PISF volume was significantly higher in PiM patients (P < .01) than in the controls. There was a significant correlation between peri-implant PD and PISF PGE2 levels in patients with peri-implantitis (P < .001). Raised PISF PGE2 levels indicate poor peri-implant health; therefore, PGE2 is a potential biomarker for the assessment of peri-implant health status.
Evaluation of Enamel Surfaces Treated with a Desensitizing Agent Containing CPP-ACP Before or After In-Office Bleaching
Authors: Altınışık Hanife , Kedici Alp Cemile
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of desensitizing MI Varnish (GC America) applied before or after bleaching on the mineral component of enamel and surface topography. Materials and Methods: The coronal portions of 10 freshly extracted bovine teeth were segmented for a total of 40 specimens. Enamel specimens obtained from each tooth were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10): Group A = no bleaching; Group B = bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP); Group C = MI Varnish applied before bleaching; and Group D = MI Varnish applied after bleaching. The calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels of the specimens in each group were determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Morphologic changes were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests were used for statistical analyses (α = .05). Results: The mean Ca content of Group B was significantly lower than those of Groups A, C, and D (P < .05). The mean Ca content of Group C was significantly lower than that of Group A (P < .05). There was no significant difference in Ca content between the other groups (P > .05). The mean P content of Group A was significantly higher than those of Groups B to D (P < .05). There was no significant difference in P content between Groups B to D (P > .05). Conclusions: Application of MI Varnish before or after in-office bleaching was effective in reducing mineral loss. However, applying MI Varnish after bleaching was more effective.
Efficacy of levamisole and oxyclozanide treatment on gastrointestinal nematodes of ungulates at the Central Zoo, Nepal
Authors: Kiju Pratik , Sadaula Amir , Jung Thapa Parbat , Pokheral Chiranjibi Prasad
Published: October 2023

The efficacy evaluation of levamisole and oxyclozanide treatment on the gastrointestinal nematodes of ungulates at the central zoo, Nepal was carried out from June—August 2021. A total of 40 fecal samples were collected from 10 species of ungulates from the central zoo for determining the efficacy of the anthelmintic given at day 0 of pretreatment and post-treatment analysis on day 07 and day 14. The concentration method (floatation concentration) was used for the microscopic examination of eggs, and quantitative examination (EPG) of nematode eggs was carried out with the help of modified McMaster slides. The identification was done using an optic micrometer and fecal egg culture. Anthelmintic resistance status was evaluated by the Fecal Egg Count Reduction Technique (FECRT) based on the method described by the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP) guidelines and with the Bayesian hierarchical model. Out of 40 samples, nematode prevalence was found to be 68%, in which single infection was detected in 48% and double infection in 52%. The efficacy of Zanide L forte (levamisole-0.75 g and oxyclozanide-1.00 g) was found to be 85% (UI 80-89) at day 07 and 89% (UI 85-92) at day 14 by using Hierarchical Modelling of Fecal Egg count based on ‘eggCounts-2.3 on R version 3.6.1 and 86% (CI 61.51–95%) at day 07 and 90% (CI 74.18–95%) at day 14 by WAAVP guidelines. This study represents the first documented case of ineffectiveness of anthelmintic treatment resulting in anthelmintic resistance in the central zoo. Thus, there is a requirement for a suitable and efficacious anthelmintic program.
Taxonomy and conservation status of swamp eels (Synbranchiformes: Synbranchidae) of West Bengal, India
Authors: Das Ram Krishna
Published: October 2023

In a comprehensive study spanning January 2019 to April 2023 within the state of West Bengal, the research focused on elucidatingthe taxonomy and conservation status of swamp eels in the state. Swamp eels were harvested using traditional fishing techniques, andsampling sites were randomly selected across nine districts: Cooch Behar, Alipurduar, Jalpaiguri, Uttar Dinajpur, Purba Bardhaman, Nadia, Purba Medinipore, North 24 Parganas, and South 24 Parganas, accounting for variations in climatic zones and topography. Through meticulous examination involving X-ray radiographs and morphometric measurements, two distinct swamp eel species, Ophichthys cuchia (Hamilton, 1822) and Ophisternon bengalense McClelland, 1844, were identified, both falling under the ‘Least Concern’ category according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Rapid population decline of swamp eels in West Bengal is primarily attributed to habitat degradation and the indiscriminate use of pesticides and chemical fertilisers.
Threats faced by Humboldtia bourdillonii Prain (Magnoliopsida: Fabales: Fabaceae), an endangered tree endemic to the southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: Jithu K. Jose  , K. Anuraj
Published: October 2023

Humboldtia bourdillonii is a threatened tree species, endemic to the Western Ghats. Recently, `the species has been facing serious ecological and man-made threats in its natural habitat. The tree is highly infested with insects—jumping thrips and weevils. H. bourdilloni has also an interaction with the Malabar Giant Squirrel Ratufa indica. Even though the fruits of this tree species are a food source for the squirrel, the animal spoils the fruits & seeds. Reduced visiting intensity of pollinators and irregularities in flowering & fruiting have affected the species. Conversion of forest areas into plantations, recent abnormal monsoon flooding in Kerala, and human activities have also negatively affected this species.
Effects of Human-Dolphin Interactions on Tourist Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Dolphins
Authors: Hill Heather M. Manitzas , Highfill Lauren , Bolton Teri , Henriquez Waleska , Dudzinski Kathleen , Gutierrez Matthew , Birk Danielle , Yeater Deirdre
Published: October 2023

Human-wildlife interactions have been shown to positively impact tourist beliefs and actions in relation to wildlife and the environment. The purpose of this study was to explore guest beliefs and perceptions about dolphins and dolphin programs before and after participating in human-dolphin interactions (HDI). We surveyed 142 guests participating in a self-selected HDI located in a natural lagoon facility at The Roatán Institute for Marine Sciences in Sandy Bay Roatán, Honduras. Of the 142 survey respondents, 130 completed the survey fully, and 28 of those 130 also completed a two-week follow-up survey. The results indicated that the guests maintained pre-existing positive attitudes towards dolphins, learned new information, and reported feeling connected with nature following their HDI experiences. The HDI experience format resulted in few differences in participant responses, suggesting that interactive programs maintained existing attitudes while subtly shaping beliefs about human-animal interactions.
Inner Healing, Embodied Emotions, and the Therapeutic Culture of Christian Healing Ministries
Authors: Althouse Peter
Published: October 2023

This address explores the relationship between pentecostal experience and pentecostal rituals and practices. Specifically, it will investigate this relationship through an analysis of healing and deliverance. This exploration takes place in three parts. First, it offers a description of the role, practices, and experience(s) of healing in Christian Healing Ministries. Second, it provides a theoretical orientation for analyzing and understanding the social and religious processes that are occurring in the ministry. Finally, it offers some theological and personal reflections on conducting this kind of research and their implications for the study of Pentecostalism.
“Stony Optic Defies”
Authors: Chism Jonathan
Published: October 2023

Despite being healed from smallpox in 1903, William Seymour incurred scarring in his left eye and lived with monocular vision. He wore a glass eye that somewhat concealed his disability, and few photographs reveal his deformity. Pentecostal scholars have reflected deeply on Seymour’s race and class but have devoted little discussion to his disability. Seymour himself seemingly attributed his blindness to his own sin, but his theology assumed that healing was available to everyone, and that God aimed to cure all sick and disabled persons. The disjuncture between Seymour’s theology and his personal experience of disability gives Pentecostals an opportunity to reflect anew on how the movement has unknowingly misunderstood and harmed many persons living with disabilities.
Capitalism, Democracy and World Politics in the 21st Century
Authors: Cerny Philip G.
Published: October 2023

World Politics is undergoing a range of crucial structural changes in the 21st century. The relationship between the states system that evolved since the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 and became predominant in the 19th and 20th centuries is being increasingly challenged in a number of complex ways. The core problématique, as addressed in different ways in these books, is whether states are still predominant hierarchical structures in an anarchical world system – “nodes” or building blocks – as argued in particular by realist and neo-realist theorists exemplified by Kenneth Waltz, or whether they are increasingly criss-crossed and undercut by what are sometimes called “heterarchical” structure and processes. These include macro-, meso-, and mini-hierarchies that are turning states from “proactive” institutions and processes to “reactive” or even or even “residual” ones. The core of these analyses is whether and how states are still the main independent variables in what has been called International Relations or whether and how far they are increasingly dependent variables in a changing World Politics. These books all make interesting and useful contributions to this question.
Global Standard-Setting for Artificial Intelligence: Para-regulating International Law for AI?
Authors: Bello y Villarino José-Miguel
Published: October 2023

Although there are several ongoing attempts at the international level to develop rules applicable to artificial intelligence (‘AI’) across countries, only the joint work of the International Organization for Standardization (‘ISO’) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (‘IEC’) has been successful at delivering a text with global character: the foundational standard, ‘ISO/IEC 22989:2022(E)—artificial intelligence concepts and terminology’, published in July 2022. This article explores the meaning and implications of this new standard from a regulatory point of view. The argument advanced is that despite its voluntary nature, this standard sets a pathway for future regulation of AI internationally, making it a paramount example of para-regulation. Para-regulation is understood here as the norms that do not place themselves within the legal space but delineate boundaries for posterior developments within that legal space. The author adopts a critical view of this para-regulatory role, arguing that the institutional arrangements in which these standards are created, in terms of representation and decision-making procedures, are far from ideal. This is particularly the case given the possibility of regulatory confrontation between key international players.
1. Writing from the wreckage
Authors: DeRosa Robin
Published: October 2023

This chapter describes the context and effects of austerity in higher education, especially as they constrict and undermine the mission and practices of “public” institutions. The challenges are outlined inhere in sustaining public infrastructure for learning in a world that is hell-bent on privatizing itself, and link privatization trends to disturbing global political trends toward populism, authoritarianism, and fascism. Understanding the economic and sociopolitical pressures facing colleges and universities that wish to nurture the public good is imperative to cultivate a future where learning serves humanity before markets.
17. Humanising learning design with digital pragmatism
Authors: Molloy Kate , Thomson Clare
Published: October 2023

As digital education practitioners, the authors of this chapter champion a pragmatic approach to critical instructional design, where small incremental changes for good can build to large-scale transformation. Drawing on lived experiences, they set the theoretical considerations within the daily constraints of educators to explore humane, practical solutions to digital problems related to teaching and learning in higher education. Using a biomimicry-orientated lens, they consider micro, meso and macro methods for changing and developing learning design culture. For each of these six emergent strategy elements, practical suggestions are provided from their work as well as educator activities for readers to experiment with in their own contexts.
21. Critical data literacies for good
Authors: Kuhn Caroline , Pete Judith , Raffaghelli Juliana Elisa
Published: October 2023

This chapter offers an illustrative and generative example of a local social and pedagogical problem in a Global South context –students’ engagement with open data for coming up with a climate change solution– to reflect on the importance of understanding the nuance and complex nature of data literacy to transform different aspects of their social reality. This, in turn, opens up a discussion about how and why understanding the complexity of critical data literacy is the foundation of HE for Good.
Patterns, Transport, and Anisotropy of Salt Fingers in Shear
Authors: Brown Justin M. , Radko Timour
Published: October 2023

Through an expansive series of simulations, we investigate the effects of spatially uniform shear on the transport, structure, and dynamics of salt fingers. The simulations reveal that shear adversely affects the heat and salt fluxes of the system, reducing them by up to an order of magnitude. We characterize this in detail across a broad range of Richardson numbers and density ratios. We demonstrate that the density ratio is strongly related to the amount of shear required to disrupt fingers, with larger density ratio systems being more susceptible to disruption. An empirical relationship is proposed that captures this behavior that could be implemented into global ocean models. The results of these simulations accurately reproduce the microstructure measurements from North Atlantic Tracer Release Experiment (NATRE) observations. This work suggests that typical salt finger fluxes in the ocean will likely be a factor of 2–3 less than predicted by models not taking the effects of shear on double-diffusive systems into account.

Significance Statement

The purpose of this work is to measure how large-scale (>1 m) motion affects specific small-scale (∼1 cm) mixing in the ocean. We approach this topic using simulations of meter-scale boxes of fluid containing both temperature and salt concentration with an applied background flow. We measure how this background flow changes the mixing of temperature and salt as the strength of the applied flow increases. We find that current estimates may overpredict mixing at this scale throughout the World Ocean by about a factor of 2–3, on average. This could have consequences for estimates of climate in addition to heat, salt, nutrient, and pollutant transport.
FT3/FT4 Enhances Risk Assessment in Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Based on GRACE 2.0 Score
Authors: Han Chuyi , Wang Le , Liu Chunwei , Qi Wei , Zhang Rui , Wei Ao , Yang Hua , Wang Chen , Hu Yuecheng , Xu Jinghan , Zhang Yingyi , Li Wenyu , Li Tingting , Jin Dongxia , Cong Hongliang , Zhang Jingxia
Published: October 2023

Little is known about the association between the free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine (FT3/FT4) ratio and clinical outcomes in euthyroid patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 1448 euthyroid patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent PCI were included in this prospective study. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that there was a significantly increased risk of stroke (hazard ratio [HR] 11.380, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.386–93.410, P = .024) and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) (HR 3.364, 95% CI: 1.595–7.098, P = .001) in patients in lower FT3/FT4 tertiles. The combined model of FT3/FT4 ratio and the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score provided the added value of risk assessment by improving C-statistics, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and the net reclassification index (NRI) (all P < .05). Thus, in euthyroid patients with NSTE-ACS undergoing PCI, the FT3/FT4 ratio was not only an independent prognostic indicator of long-term MACCE but also enhanced risk discrimination when combined with the GRACE risk score, which suggests that the calculation of FT3/FT4 before and after PCI may contribute to risk stratification in this particular patient group.
Variations of science-related populism in comparative perspective: A multilevel segmentation analysis of supporters and opponents of populist demands toward science
Authors: Mede Niels G
Published: October 2023

Many countries worldwide have seen populist resentment against scientists, which can manifest as “science-related populist attitudes” among the population. These attitudes can be assumed to divide populations into multiple segments—each endorsing or rejecting different facets of science-related populism, with segment sizes and characteristics varying between countries and cultural contexts. This study tests this with a secondary analysis of four public opinion surveys from Austria, Germany, Switzerland, and Taiwan (total N = 4598), combining a Most Similar Systems Design (MSSD) and a Most Different Systems Design (MDSD). It uses fixed-effects latent class analysis to demonstrate that Austrian, German, Swiss, and Taiwanese publics can be grouped into three segments: Full-Fledged Populists, People-Centric Non-Populists, and Deferent Anti-Populists. A large majority in all countries can be classified as Non-Populist or Anti-Populists, whereas Populists, who support the entire spectrum of science-related populism, make up the smallest segment. Bayesian regression shows that Populists are older and more likely to support right-leaning political views. Cross-country and cross-cultural comparisons reveal differences in segment sizes and characteristics: For example, Populists are more prevalent in Austria, while Germany has a large proportion of Anti-Populists. These are less widespread in Taiwan, where Non-Populists form a particularly big segment. The findings can be explained with national political, cultural, and historical contexts to some degree. Eventually, they are discussed against the backdrop implications for science communication and future scholarship on public science skepticism.
The Decision-Making of High-Level Volleyball Setters in the 2021-2022 Volleyball Men’s Superliga: Does the Opponent Matter?
Authors: Nascimento Marcos Henrique , Laporta Lorenzo , Pedrosa Gustavo Ferreira , Rocha Augusto Cezar Rodrigues , de Lira Claudio Andre Barbosa , Campos Mário Hebling , da Silva Guimarães Juracy , Leonardi Thiago José , Rodrigues Marcelo Couto Jorge , Savassi Figueiredo Lucas , de Oliveira Castro Henrique , De Conti Teixeira Costa Gustavo
Published: October 2023

Our primary objective in this study was to investigate the offensive strategies employed in the attack phase of men’s volleyball, specifically focusing on side-out as stratified by the type of confrontation that was determined by the opponent’s team performance. We analyzed 5524 attacking actions during 22 games of the 12 teams that participated in the Volleyball Men’s Superliga (season 2021–2022). Based on their final rankings in the championship, we classified these teams into three tiers: high-performance, intermediate-performance, and low-performance. Subsequently, we examined the dynamics of these matches using Social Network Analysis. We found that the opponent teams' performance levels did not influence the game dynamics. Notably, the eigenvector values were prominently higher for Attack Zones 2 and 4, wherein the middle-blocker jumped to attack close to the setter across all networks. Thus, setters opted for traditional and low-risk strategies to minimize errors, disregarding available information about the skill level of the opposing team, making their offensive tactics predictable.
Climate change and educational research: Mapping resistances and futurities
Authors: McKenzie Marcia , Henderson Joseph , Nxumalo Fikile
Published: October 2023

Given that human-caused climate change is one of the defining educational contexts in the 21st Century, we ask this question of ourselves and our educational research community: What is the role of education and educational research as we attempt to “cultivate equitable educational systems” in a world dominated by climate breakdown and related emergencies? We suggest our scholarly community needs to examine the systems and ideologies that are responsible for climate change: human supremacy, colonialism, capitalism, industrialization, and white supremacy, among others. The perpetuation of these ideas via educational institutions and practices is a significant part of the problem that has led to the current climate crisis. Therefore, the aim of this special issue of Research in Education is to draw together scholarship that can help map out potential roles of education in both the possibilities and resistances of addressing climate change. Collectively the papers map possible and much-needed educational futures where climate change is a matter of urgent superordinate concern including through enacting resistance to human-centrism, coloniality, racial capitalism, and their interconnections. In these futures, climate change education inquires - at multiple scales - into possibilities for materializing less extractive and more livable worlds through education policy and data infrastructures to youth coalitions and even the small everyday encounters with the more-than-human world. The papers also illustrate the potentials of climate change pedagogical orientations that are affective, interdisciplinary and intergenerational. We hope this special issue prompts our colleagues to consider how the collective work of educational scholarship might produce desirable futures amid a rapidly changing climate.
Hijab Controversy: Revisiting Discourse on School Uniforms
Authors: Jain Ranu
Published: October 2023

While analysing the hijab controversy, the paper attempts to discuss the significance of ‘uniforms’ in an educational institution. Employing sociological perspectives, it looks at the institution of education as a social institution and locates the sociocultural context of educational policies including the policy on uniforms. Attempt is to understand how political ideologies associated with nation- building promoted by the state, shape these policies. The paper looks at how and when changes in the policies are accommodated and where are these resisted. Exploring the trajectory of state, community and patriarchy, the paper attempts to comprehend what caused the hijab dispute and looks at some of the implications of the same on society, especially Muslim women. Theoretical framework of the paper is drawn on the critical understanding of uniforms as developed in sociology though the paper also draws from the Parsonian functional school of thought. The paper aims to show how the state uses the institution of education with support from other institutions of society, to promote its hegemonic agenda and how uniforms support this process. Secondary sources have been utilised for the data collection.
Harnessing Robotics and Coding to Foster Social-Emotional Learning in Students With Autism
Authors: Taylor Matthew S. , Glavey Eileen M.
Published: October 2023

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) curriculum and learning activities may help students learn social-emotional learning (SEL) competencies needed to support independence and community living, as well as 21st-century career development skills. Including robotics and coding curriculum in elementary classrooms can offer all students engaging academic experiences that include opportunities for students to problem solve, discuss ideas, and collaborate to find solutions. This article presents a vignette about a teacher’s use of technology and robotics to engage a student with autism while supporting their SEL needs. The vignette was inspired by real scenarios in classrooms where educators have utilized technology to support students with disabilities and promote inclusive learning environments. Options for attainment and use of robotics and coding in the classroom are presented, including a future option through an open-educational resource, Project RAISE.
A Web-Based Prediction Tool to Improve Identification of Patients With Undersized Hamstring Tendon Autograft in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Xu Wennan , Liu Chengxiao , Peng Huaming , Wang Jingsong , Zhang Zhengzheng , Song Bin , Li Weiping , Jiang Chuan
Published: October 2023

Background:

An undersized hamstring tendon (HT) autograft is significantly associated with a higher graft failure rate in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) surgery. The ability to accurately predict inadequate HT graft diameter is critical, as it could assist surgeons in making better graft choices and surgical plans.

Purpose:

To develop a web-based prediction tool to better assess the size of HT autograft and to help clinicians accurately identify patients with potentially undersized HT grafts in order to make appropriate clinical decisions.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A total of 588 patients who received primary arthroscopic single-bundle ACLR surgery with gracilis tendon (GT) and semitendinosus tendon (ST) autograft were retrospectively reviewed. According to the size of 4-strand HT graft, patients were divided into diameter ≥8 mm and <8 mm groups. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method and logistic regression were used to identify the independent factors associated with HT graft diameter and establish the models. The prediction performance of the model was evaluated by concordance index and calibration combined with external validation. The diagnostic performance of the prediction model was assessed by sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratios. Decision curve analysis was used to evaluate the clinical utility of the model.

Results:

Among the numerous indicators, sex, weight, height, thigh length, and ST-GT diameter (measured on plane 1 of a magnetic resonance imaging scan) were identified to be highly correlated predictors that could provide satisfactory prediction performance in determining the HT graft diameter. Based on these predictors, a prediction model named the HTD model was developed with satisfactory discrimination (concordance index, 0.932) and calibration (mean absolute error, 0.039). When the probability calculated by the HTD model was >65%, the sensitivity and specificity of predicting 4-strand HT graft diameter ≥8 mm were 86.7% and 90.2%, respectively.

Conclusion:

As a useful supplementary prediction tool, the HTD model could accurately predict the diameter of HT autograft during preoperative planning.
Effect of low-calcium and standard-calcium dialysate on serum calcium, phosphorus and full-segment parathyroid hormone in patients on peritoneal dialysis: A retrospective observational study
Authors: An Ning , Zhou Haishan , Li Xianhui , Yu Xinyin , Yang Haijuan , Zhai Liping , Huang Yuhua , Yao Cuiwei
Published: October 2023

Objective:

To investigate the effects of low-calcium and standard-calcium dialysate in patients with chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis, and find out which dialysate has less vascular calcification effect.

Methods:

A total of 141 patients who had undergone peritoneal dialysis (PD) for 2 years in the PD centre from January 2012 to December 2017 were included and divided into two groups according to the calcium concentration of the PD fluid used. There were 79 cases in the low-calcium group, with a dialysate calcium concentration of 1.25 mmol/L and 62 cases in the standard-calcium group, with a dialysate calcium concentration of 1.75 mmol/L. The demographic characteristics and clinical information before initiation of PD were collected and compared between the two groups. Information on the serum calcium, phosphorus and PTH, systolic and diastolic blood pressures and the use of antihypertensive and phosphate-lowering drugs in the second year of dialysis was also collected and compared between the two groups. Vascular calcification was assessed in patients on PD treatment.

Results:

The mean serum calcium concentrations before initiation of PD in the low- and standard-calcium groups were 1.94 ± 0.27 and 1.89 ± 0.28 mmol/L, respectively. The serum calcium concentrations after PD were 2.30 ± 0.21 and 2.41 ± 0.23 mmol/L, respectively. After PD, the serum calcium concentration in both groups was significantly increased ( p < 0.05). The serum calcium concentration in the low-calcium group after PD treatment was lower than that in the standard-calcium group, and the difference was statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Compared with the standard-calcium group, patients in the low-calcium group had significantly higher parathyroid hormone concentrations ( p < 0.05). More types of phosphate-lowering drugs were used (59.49%) in the low-calcium group than that in the standard-calcium group (35.48%; p < 0.05). The number of antihypertensive drug usage were also higher in the low-calcium group, and the difference was statistically significant ( p < 0.05). As for the vascular calcification effect, the two groups have shown no statistical difference in abdominal aortic calcification rate, carotid arteriosclerosis rate and aortic arch calcification rate ( p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

We found that low-calcium PD fluid may increase the PTH level and the proportion of CKD patients using antihypertensive drug and phosphorus-lowering drug, but the vascular calcification effect of the low and standard calcium PD fluid needs further exploration. This paper provides new evidence for the choice of dialysate for PD, low-calcium dialysate has no outstanding advantages for long term dialysis.
Remittances, terrorism, and democracy
Authors: Crisman-Cox Casey , Park Yohan
Published: October 2023

How do remittances affect domestic terrorism? Past work argues that remittances increase groups’ resources and increase terrorism. However, we argue that the effect of remittances depends on political institutions. Within democracies, remittances can help groups overcome barriers to legitimate politics and reduce terrorism's allure. Within autocracies, however, fewer legitimate political opportunities exist, and remittances may lead to more terrorism as it remains an alternative and available political outlet. We find that remittances are associated with less (more) domestic terrorism within democracies (autocracies) and use additional mechanism tests to demonstrate that the competitive aspects of democracy help explain these trends.
Oxygen Debt as Predictor of Mortality and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome in Severe COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Perez-Garzon Michel , Poveda-Henao Claudia , Bastidas-Goyes Alirio , Robayo-Amortegui Henry
Published: October 2023

Background: Oxygen debt (DEOx) represents the disparity between resting and shock oxygen consumption (VO2) and is associated with metabolic insufficiency, acidosis, severity, and mortality. This study aimed to assess the reliability of DEOx as an indirect quantitative measure for predicting multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and 28-day mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with respiratory syndrome severe acute coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, in comparison to the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA), and 4C scores. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including ICU patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection between 2020 and 2021. Clinical data were extracted from the EPIMED Monitor Database®. APACHE II, SOFA, and 4C scores were calculated upon ICU admission, and their accuracy in predicting 28-day mortality and MODS was compared to DEOx. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the outcome variables. Results: 708 patients were included, with a mortality rate of 44.4%. DEOx value was 11.16 ml O2/kg. The mean age was 58.7 years. Multivariate analysis showed that DEOx was independently associated with mortality, intubation, and renal injury. Each point increase in creatinine was associated with a higher risk of MODS. To determine the precision of the scores, area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) analysis was performed with weak discrimination and similar behavior for the primary outcomes. The most accurate scale for mortality and MODS was 4C with an AUC of 0.683 and APACHE II with an AUC of 0.814, while that of the AUROC of DEOx was 0.612 and 0.646, respectively. Conclusions: DEOx showed similar predictive value to established scoring systems in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The correlation of DEOx with these scores may facilitate early intervention in critically ill patients.
Culturally Diverse Female-Identified Students Discuss Sexual Assault Policies: Dialectics of Safety/Danger
Authors: Malinen KelleyA. , Kennedy Karen , MacLeod Emily , VanTassel Brooke , O'Rourke Kristin
Published: October 2023

This article presents dialectical themes that emerged from the grounded theory analysis of 42 focus groups about university sexual assault policies held at four universities in Nova Scotia, Canada. Fourteen cultural communities were represented. Data from female-identified focus groups representing five cultures is deployed to exemplify dialectical themes. When it comes to university sexual assault policies and services, students navigate conflicting needs for disclosure and privacy, justice, and protection. These tensions are intersectionally shaped by gender and culture. Our analysis and recommendations can inform practitioners, including social workers, as they support survivors/victims, particularly of campus sexual violence, in navigating the complexities of decisions about seeking support and/or justice.
Triarchic Model of Psychopathy and Intimate Partner Violence: An Empirical Study on the Italian Community
Authors: Sica Claudio , Caudek Corrado , Bottesi Gioia , Colpizzi Ilaria , Malerba Anna , Patrick Christopher J.
Published: October 2023

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious and recurrent phenomenon in many societies with severe physical and psychological consequences. In the present study, we aimed to explore the role of triarchic dimensions of psychopathy (disinhibition, boldness, and meanness) across gender in this occurrence. A questionnaire on inflicted (self) and experienced (partner) IPV and the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure were administered to a sample of 1,149 individuals from the Italian community. In general, self and partner IPV were moderately correlated. Bayesian regression analysis showed that disinhibition was positively correlated to both self and partner IPV (psychological and physical). In addition, boldness was negatively associated with perpetrated psychological IPV. Interactions by gender showed that meanness was positively related to perpetrated IPV in women (psychological and physical), whereas men with disinhibition features inflicted more physical violence than women. A high externalizing tendency (i.e., disinhibition) is therefore an important correlate of both perpetrated and reported IPV; moreover, boldness was associated with less psychological violence in general, whereas the effect of meanness depended on the gender of the individuals involved. Interestingly, the association between IPV and self-reported delinquent activities was low in magnitude (Spearman’s Rho around .20) suggesting limited overlap between these two constructs.
Comparing the Costs of Online and Teacher-Directed Credit Recovery
Authors: Atchison Drew , Clements Margaret , Rickles Jordan , Brodziak de los Reyes Iliana , Heppen Jessica
Published: October 2023

This study compares the costs of a school-based online credit recovery model to more traditional teacher-directed credit recovery using rigorous cost analysis methods. Findings indicate that differences in the comprehensive costs for online and teacher-directed credit recovery classes are small. However, cost differences across the two models of specific types of resources are substantial and statistically significant. Online credit recovery classes resulted in higher district-incurred costs largely due to the purchase of online curricula and required technology. The online model incurred lower opportunity costs to teachers stemming from less out-of-class time devoted to grading, lesson planning, and developing course materials.
An extended Teager study of vibration detection for industrial robot under low sampling resolution
Authors: Xia Yunqi , Ma Li , Zou Tian , Shen Yi , Wang Zhengyu
Published: October 2023

Vibration is an essential indicator that reflects the robust status of industrial robots. To improve the detection effect and resilience for articulated industrial robot in-situ, a novel non-invasive self-diagnostic method is proposed. Feasible embedded motor current is used to calculate the extended Teager indicator at a low sampling rate. Compared with common Teager and other indicators, both theoretical analysis and experimental data indicate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
A comparative study on weld-bead geometry of austenitic stainless-steel produced by cold metal transfer welding and pulse metal inert gas welding process
Authors: Mishra Varsha , Yuvaraj Narayana , Vipin Vipin
Published: October 2023

In recent years, weld cladding has become an emerging technique for the surface modification of carbon steel, which has various industrial applications such as chemical, marine, mining, agriculture, and power generation. In this research, cold metal transfer (CMT) welding and pulse metal inert gas (MIG) welding are utilized to study the weld-clad bead of 308L stainless steel over low-carbon steel. To examine the mechanical and wear characteristics of CMT weld-clad samples, welding speed (3, 4, 5, and 6 mm/s) was used as the input process parameter, while current (175 A), nozzle to workpiece distance (10 mm), and shielding gas flow rate (15 l/min) were kept constant. Microstructural analysis of weld bead samples was done through optical microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. With an increase in welding speed, the microhardness and wear properties of the clad surface were improved. The CMT-clad surface had significant improvements in mechanical, wear properties, and lower residual stresses due to low dilution and lesser heat input.
Investigation of the effect of minimum quantity lubrication and Ranque–Hilsch vortex tube cooling on cutting forces, surface roughness and cutting zone temperature in turning Al 6082 T4 alloy
Authors: Yağmur Selçuk
Published: October 2023

Aluminium alloys are widely utilized, particularly in the automotive and aerospace industries, because of their great corrosion resistance, high strength/density ratio and propensity to increase mechanical qualities during ageing. With this widespread use, there are also various machining problems. Therefore, in this study, the cutting forces, average surface roughness and cutting zone temperature of different cooling conditions in turning Al 6082 T4 alloy were investigated. In the experiments, three different cutting conditions (Ranque–Hilsch vortex tube (RHVT), minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and dry) were used in the experiments. As cutting parameters, three cutting speeds and feed rates (500, 625 and 800 m/min and 0.1, 0.125 and 0.15 mm/rev) were chosen. Taguchi-based grey relation analysis was applied to the data obtained after the experiments. As a result, it has been observed that MQL and RHVT methods positively affect the cutting forces, average surface roughness and cutting zone temperature values. As a result of Taguchi-grey relational analysis, optimum results were obtained with RHVT cooling, 800 cutting speed and 0.1 feed rate.