bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exon sequencing of PAX3 and T (brachyury) in cases with spina bifida
Authors: Agopian A.J. , Bhalla Angela D. , Boerwinkle Eric , Finnell Richard H. , Grove Megan L. , Hixson James E. , Shimmin Lawrence C. , Sewda Anshuman , Stuart Colin , Zhong Yu , Zhu Huiping , Mitchell Laura E.
Published: August 2013

BACKGROUND

Based on studies in animals and humans, PAX3 and T (brachyury) are candidate genes for spina bifida. However, neither gene has been definitively identified as a risk factor for this condition.

METHODS

Sanger sequencing was used to identify variants in all PAX3 and T exons and promoter regions in 114 spina bifida cases. For known variants, allele frequencies in cases were compared with those from public databases using unadjusted odds ratios. Novel variants were genotyped in parents and assessed for predicted functional impact.

RESULTS

We identified common variants in PAX3 (n = 2) and T (n = 3) for which the allele frequencies in cases were significantly different from those reported in at least one public database. We also identified novel variants in both PAX3 (n = 11) and T (n = 1) in spina bifida cases. Several of the novel PAX3 variants are predicted to be highly conserved and/or impact gene function or expression.

CONCLUSION

These studies provide some evidence that common variants of PAX3 and T are associated with spina bifida. Rare and novel variants in these genes were also identified in affected individuals. However, additional studies will be required to determine whether these variants influence the risk of spina bifida. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 97:597–601, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reduction of product‐related species during the fermentation and purification of a recombinant IL‐1 receptor antagonist at the laboratory and pilot scale
Authors: Schirmer Emily B. , Golden Kathryn , Xu Jin , Milling Jesse , Murillo Alec , Lowden Patricia , Mulagapati SriHariRaju , Hou Jinzhao , Kovalchin Joseph T. , Masci Allyson , Collins Kathryn , Zarbis‐Papastoitsis Gregory
Published: August 2013

Through a parallel approach of tracking product quality through fermentation and purification development, a robust process was designed to reduce the levels of product‐related species. Three biochemically similar product‐related species were identified as byproducts of host‐cell enzymatic activity. To modulate intracellular proteolytic activity, key fermentation parameters (temperature, pH, trace metals, EDTA levels, and carbon source) were evaluated through bioreactor optimization, while balancing negative effects on growth, productivity, and oxygen demand. The purification process was based on three non‐affinity steps and resolved product‐related species by exploiting small charge differences. Using statistical design of experiments for elution conditions, a high‐resolution cation exchange capture column was optimized for resolution and recovery. Further reduction of product‐related species was achieved by evaluating a matrix of conditions for a ceramic hydroxyapatite column. The optimized fermentation process was transferred from the 2‐L laboratory scale to the 100‐L pilot scale and the purification process was scaled accordingly to process the fermentation harvest. The laboratory‐ and pilot‐scale processes resulted in similar process recoveries of 60 and 65%, respectively, and in a product that was of equal quality and purity to that of small‐scale development preparations. The parallel approach for up‐ and downstream development was paramount in achieving a robust and scalable clinical process.
Distinction between hand dominance and hand preference in primates: a behavioral investigation of manual dexterity in nonhuman primates (macaques) and human subjects
Authors: Chatagny Pauline , Badoud Simon , Kaeser Mélanie , Gindrat Anne‐Dominique , Savidan Julie , Fregosi Michela , Moret Véronique , Roulin Christine , Schmidlin Eric , Rouiller Eric M.
Published: August 2013

Background

The present study aimed to determine and confront hand preference (hand chosen in priority to perform a manual dexterity task) and hand dominance (hand with best motor performance) in eight macaques (Macaca fascicularis) and in 20 human subjects (10 left‐handers and 10 right‐handers).

Methods

Four manual dexterity tests have been executed by the monkeys, over several weeks during learning and stable performance phases (in controlled body position): the modified Brinkman board, the reach and grasp drawer, the tube and the bimanual board tasks. Three behavioral tests, adapted versions from the monkeys tasks (modified Brinkman board, tube and bimanual board tasks), as well as a handedness questionnaire, have been conducted in human subjects.

Results

In monkeys, there was a large disparity across individuals and motor tasks. For hand dominance, two monkeys were rather right lateralized, three monkeys rather left lateralized, whereas in three monkeys, the different parameters measured were not consistent. For hand preference, none of the eight monkeys exhibited a homogeneous lateralization across the four motor tasks. Macaca fascicularis do not exhibit a clear hand preference. Furthermore, hand preference often changed with task repetition, both during training and plateau phases. For human subjects, the hand preference mostly followed the self‐assessment of lateralization by the subjects and the questionnaire (in the latter, right‐handers were more lateralized than left‐handers), except a few discrepancies based on the tube task. There was no hand dominance in seven right‐handers (the other three performed better with the right hand) and in four left‐handers. Five left‐handers showed left‐hand dominance, whereas surprisingly, one left‐hander performed better with the right hand. In the modified Brinkman board task, females performed better than males, right‐handers better than left‐handers.

Conclusions

The present study argues for a distinction between hand preference and hand dominance, especially in macaque monkeys.
A Study of Transition‐Metal Organometallic Complexes Combining 35Cl Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy and 35Cl NQR Spectroscopy and First‐Principles DFT Calculations
Authors: Johnston Karen E. , O'Keefe Christopher A. , Gauvin Régis M. , Trébosc Julien , Delevoye Laurent , Amoureux Jean‐Paul , Popoff Nicolas , Taoufik Mostafa , Oudatchin Konstantin , Schurko Robert W.
Published: August 2013

A series of transition‐metal organometallic complexes with commonly occurring metalchlorine bonding motifs were characterized using 35Cl solid‐state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy, 35Cl nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) spectroscopy, and first‐principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations of NMR interaction tensors. Static 35Cl ultra‐wideline NMR spectra were acquired in a piecewise manner at standard (9.4 T) and high (21.1 T) magnetic field strengths using the WURST‐QCPMG pulse sequence. The 35Cl electric field gradient (EFG) and chemical shielding (CS) tensor parameters were readily extracted from analytical simulations of the spectra; in particular, the quadrupolar parameters are shown to be very sensitive to structural differences, and can easily differentiate between chlorine atoms in bridging and terminal bonding environments. 35Cl NQR spectra were acquired for many of the complexes, which aided in resolving structurally similar, yet crystallographically distinct and magnetically inequivalent chlorine sites, and with the interpretation and assignment of 35Cl SSNMR spectra. 35Cl EFG tensors obtained from first‐principles DFT calculations are consistently in good agreement with experiment, highlighting the importance of using a combined approach of theoretical and experimental methods for structural characterization. Finally, a preliminary example of a 35Cl SSNMR spectrum of a transition‐metal species (TiCl4) diluted and supported on non‐porous silica is presented. The combination of 35Cl SSNMR and 35Cl NQR spectroscopy and DFT calculations is shown to be a promising and simple methodology for the characterization of all manner of chlorine‐containing transition‐metal complexes, in pure, impure bulk and supported forms.
Ultrasound Stimulated Nucleation and Growth of a Dye Assembly into Extended Gel Nanostructures
Authors: Malicka Joanna M. , Sandeep Anjamkudy , Monti Filippo , Bandini Elisa , Gazzano Massimo , Ranjith Choorikkat , Praveen Vakayil K. , Ajayaghosh Ayyappanpillai , Armaroli Nicola
Published: August 2013

A squaraine dye functionalized with a bulky trialkoxy phenyl moiety through a flexible diamide linkage (GA‐SQ) capable of undergoing self‐assembly has been synthesized and fully characterized. Rapid cooling of a hot solution of GA‐SQ to 0 °C results in self‐assembled precipitates consisting of two types of nanostructures, rings and ill‐defined short fibers. The application of ultrasound modifies the conditions for the supersaturation‐mediated nucleation, generating only one kind of nuclei and prompting the formation of crystalline fibrous structures, inducing gelation of solvent molecules. The unique self‐assembling behavior of GA‐SQ under ultrasound stimulus has been investigated in detail by using absorption, emission, FT‐IR, XRD, SEM, AFM and TEM techniques. These studies reveal a nucleation growth mechanism of the self‐assembled material, an aspect rarely scrutinized in the area of sonication‐induced gelation. Furthermore, in order to probe the effects of nanoscale substrates on the sonication‐induced self‐assembly, a minuscule amount of single‐walled carbon nanotubes was added, which leads to acceleration of the self‐assembly through a heterogeneous nucleation process that ultimately affords a supramolecular gel with nanotape‐like morphology. This study demonstrates that self‐assembly of functional dyes can be judiciously manipulated by an external stimulus and can be further controlled by the addition of carbon nanotubes.
ChemInform Abstract: Homologous Series of Rare‐Earth Zinc Arsenides REZn2‐xAs2·n(REAs) (RE: La—Nd, Sm; n = 3, 4, 5, 6).
Authors: Lin Xinsong , Mar Arthur
Published: August 2013

The title compounds and quaternary derivatives in which Mn partially substitutes for Zn are prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of the elements (silica tubes, 500 °C for 2 d and 750 °C for 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Visible‐Light Photochromism of a New Composite Based on Polymolybdate Enclosed in Magadiite.
Authors: Chen Yufeng , Yu Gensheng , Li Fei
Published: August 2013

A composite of composition H2.0Si13.9O28.8/ [(NBu4)1.8H2.2· (Mo8O26)]0.2·2.7H2O is synthesized by an exfoliation/self‐assembly process by dissolving sodium molybdate in a colloidal suspension of protonated magadiite in aqueous (Bu4N)OH solution.
ChemInform Abstract: Phase Formation in the Li2MoO4—Rb2MoO4 —Fe2(MoO4)3 System and Crystal Structure of a Novel Triple Molybdate LiRb2Fe(MoO4)3.
Authors: Khal'baeva Klara M. , Solodovnikov Sergey F. , Khaikina Elena G. , Kadyrova Yuliya M. , Solodovnikova Zoya A. , Basovich Olga M.
Published: August 2013

X‐ray investigation of solid state interaction of the components in the Li2MoO4—Rb2MoO4 —Fe2(MoO4)3 system is carried out, and a subsolidus phase diagram of the system is constructed.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structural Analysis of New Mixed Oxyanion Borates: Ba11B26O44(PO4)2 (OH)6, Li9BaB15O27(CO3) and Ba3Si2B6O16.
Authors: Heyward Carla , McMillen Colin D. , Kolis Joseph
Published: August 2013

Ba11B26O44(PO4)2 (OH)6 (I) is prepared in low yield by hydrothermal reaction of Ba(OH)2, (NH4)2B10O16, and BaHPO4 in aq.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐K(VO2)2(PO4).
Authors: Yahmed Safa Ezzine , Ayed Meriem , Zid Mohamed Faouzi , Driss Ahmed
Published: August 2013

The title compound, a new form of divanadium phosphate KV2PO8, is prepared by reaction of a 3:3:2 mixture of KNO3, NH4VO3, and NH4H2PO4 (1.
ChemInform Abstract: Hexafluoridotechnetate(IV) Revisited.
Authors: Balasekaran Samundeeswari Mariappan , Molski Matthias , Spandl Johann , Hagenbach Adelheid , Alberto Roger , Abram Ulrich
Published: August 2013

New and improved syntheses for [TcF6]2‐ salts and single crystal structures for (VI) and (VIII) are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Inorganic 2D Network Polyoxometalate Constructed from Wells—Dawson Phosphomolybdate Linked Through Cu(II) Ions.
Authors: Li Lu , Ma Pengtao , Wang Jingping , Niu Jingyang
Published: August 2013

Dark green crystals of [Cu(H2O)4]3 [P2Mo18O62]·12H2O are synthesized from aqueous solutions containing CuCl2, Na2MoO4, H2O2, H3PO4, and HClO4 (room temperature, 27% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: From a Remarkable Manifestation of Polar Effects in a Radical Fragmentation to the Convergent Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Ketones.
Authors: Debien Laurent , Zard Samir Z.
Published: August 2013

Unprotected vinyl carbinols react with the radicals generated from xanthanes involving a rare cleavage of a C—C bond in a non‐strained open chain structure.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous Transfer Hydrogenation over Mesoporous SBA‐15 Co‐Modified by Anionic Sulfonate and Cationic Ru(III) Complex.
Authors: Chen Sheng‐Jie , You Hong‐Xing , Vo‐Thanh Giang , Liu Ye
Published: August 2013

A new immobilized transfer hydrogenation catalyst is developed and characterized.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Bond Reorganization of 1,3‐Diynes: An Entry to Diverse Functionalized 1,5‐Dien‐3‐ynes.
Authors: Wu Wanqing , Gao Yang , Jiang Huanfeng , Huang Yubing
Published: August 2013

This method can also be used for the introduction of other acyl groups or bromine by replacing Ac2O/HOAc or LiCl with the appropriate reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Chalcones Using Chiral Phase‐Transfer Catalysts.
Authors: Herchl Richard , Waser Mario
Published: August 2013

The use of the quinine‐derived catalyst QUA renders possible the Michael‐initiated ring‐closing of chalcones with bromomalonate to give optically active cyclopropanes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Ireland—Claisen Rearrangement/Diels—Alder Tandem Reaction of Propargylic Acrylates with Acyclic Dienophiles.
Authors: Li Yun‐Xia , Sheng Yi‐Lin , Zhang Bi‐Song
Published: August 2013

The sequence allows the synthesis of cyclic α,β‐unsaturated carboxylic acids with complete regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: N′‐[4‐[(Substituted imino)methyl]benzylidene]‐substituted Benzohydrazides: Synthesis, Antimicrobial, Antiviral, and Anticancer Evaluation, and QSAR Studies.
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Narasimhan Balasubramanian , Ramasamy Kalavathy , Mani Vasudevan , Mishra Rakesh Kumar , Abdul Majeed Abu Bakar , De Clercq Erik
Published: August 2013

Extensive QSAR studies of newly synthesized title compounds reveal that (VIIIa) and (VIIIb) are the most potent antimicrobial agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Aldehyde‐Catalyzed Transition Metal‐Free Dehydrative β‐Alkylation of Methyl Carbinols with Alcohols.
Authors: Xu Qing , Chen Jianhui , Liu Quan
Published: August 2013

The reaction is conducted under environmentally benign conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Additions of (Trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane to α‐Imino Ketones Derived from Aryl Glyoxals.
Authors: Obijalska Emilia , Mloston Grzegorz , Six Alice
Published: August 2013

Addition of silane (II) to α‐imino ketones in the presence of a cinchona‐based catalyst provides O‐silylated β‐imino alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon—Carbon Bond Construction Using Boronic Acids and Aryl Methyl Sulfides: Orthogonal Reactivity in Suzuki‐Type Couplings.
Authors: Hooper Joel F. , Young Rowan D. , Pernik Indrek , Weller Andrew S. , Willis Michael C.
Published: August 2013

A novel ruthenium catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction between the title substrates, which shows good functional group tolerance, is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chiral N‐Sulfonyl and N‐Phosphinoyl α‐Halo Aldimine Precursors.
Authors: Stanton Gretchen R. , Goellue Mehmet , Platoff Rebecca M. , Rich Corinne E. , Carroll Patrick J. , Walsh Patrick J.
Published: August 2013

Synthesis of the chiral and racemic N‐sulfonyl‐α‐halo aldimine precursors and N‐phosphinoyl‐α‐chloro aldimine adducts is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Retention or Inversion in Stereospecific Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Benzylic Carbamates with Arylboronic Esters: Control of Absolute Stereochemistry with an Achiral Catalyst.
Authors: Harris Michael R. , Hanna Luke E. , Greene Margaret A. , Moore Curtis E. , Jarvo Elizabeth R.
Published: August 2013

A Ni‐catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction for the synthesis of enantioenriched triarylmethanes is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Couplings of Benzylic Pivalates with Arylboroxines: Stereospecific Formation of Diarylalkanes and Triarylmethanes.
Authors: Zhou Qi , Srinivas Harathi D. , Dasgupta Srimoyee , Watson Mary P.
Published: August 2013

The title reaction has broad scope with respect to the arylboroxine and benzylic pivalate, enabling the synthesis of a variety of diarylalkanes and triarylmethanes in good yields and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladacycle‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Coupling of Alkynyl Carboxylic Acids with Aryl Chlorides under Air.
Authors: Li Xiang , Yang Fan , Wu Yangjie
Published: August 2013

This method is suitable for a broad variety of aryl chlorides including electron‐poor, ‐neutral and ‐rich and even sterically hindered substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Suzuki, Sonogashira, and Negishi Coupling Reactions of N‐Alkoxyimidoyl Iodides and Bromides.
Authors: Dolliver Debra D. , et al. et al.
Published: August 2013

The title reactions afford a wide range of the corresponding different substituted coupling products.
ChemInform Abstract: Successive C—C Coupling of Dienes to Vicinally Dioxygenated Hydrocarbons: Ruthenium Catalyzed [4 + 2] Cycloaddition Across the Diol, Hydroxycarbonyl, or Dione Oxidation Levels.
Authors: Geary Laina M. , Glasspoole Ben W. , Kim Mary M. , Krische Michael J.
Published: August 2013

The products can be obtained from diols, hydroxyketones [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Mediated Reactions of Aryl Isocyanates with Dimethoxycarbene to Form Isatin Derivatives.
Authors: Rigby James H. , Brouet Stephanie A.
Published: August 2013

Conditions which involve Cu(II) catalysis are developed to control the reaction of aryl isocyanates or analogous benzoyl azides with dimethoxycarbene for the formation of isatin derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitrogen‐Containing Lewis Bases Catalyzed Highly Regio‐ and Stereoselective Reactions of Allenyl Acetates with Isatin‐Derived Oximes.
Authors: Yang Yuan‐Liang , Wei Yin , Xu Qin , Shi Min
Published: August 2013

The title reaction shows a distinct dependence on both catalyst and solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Route to Chiral Indolines via Ring‐Opening/C—N Cyclization of Activated 2‐Haloarylaziridines.
Authors: Ghorai Manas K. , Nanaji Y.
Published: August 2013

A simple and practical approach for the title synthesis of racemic and non‐racemic 3‐substituted indolines via regio‐ and stereoselective SN2‐type ring‐opening of activated 2‐haloarylaziridines (I) and (V) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Cationic Gold‐ and Silver‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations of Propargylic Ureas: A Selective Entry to Oxazolidin‐2‐imines and Imidazolidin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Pereshivko Olga P. , Peshkov Vsevolod A. , Jacobs Jeroen , Van Meervelt Luc , Van der Eycken Erik V.
Published: August 2013

Application of cationic Au(I) catalysis generally results in the formation of oxazolidin product (III) as a major one while the application of AgOTf selectively provides the N‐cyclized imidazolidin (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(II)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Aminohydroxylation of Olefins with Functionalized Hydroxylamines.
Authors: Liu Guan‐Sai , Zhang Yong‐Qiang , Yuan Yong‐An , Xu Hao
Published: August 2013

Novel Fe(II) complexes are applied to the diastereoselective intramolecular aminohydroxylation of olefins bearing a functionalized hydroxylamine moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Fe3+ Recognition of Novel Triazolethione Schiff Base Derivatives.
Authors: Yu Jing‐Wen , Wang Yong , Wang Yu‐Bo , Wang Chun‐Feng
Published: August 2013

Compound (IVe) can selectively recognize Fe3+ and a 1:1 stoichiometric complex is formed between the receptor and the cation.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Organocatalytic Michael—Hemiacetalization Reaction: Access to Chiral Spiro cis‐δ‐Lactones by in situ Oxidation of Spiro δ‐Lactols.
Authors: Wei Mo‐Hui , Zhou Yi‐Rong , Gu Liang‐Hu , Luo Fan , Zhang Fang‐Lin
Published: August 2013

The 1‐nitromethylcycloalkanols (I) and (VI) react with α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes to give spiro cis‐δ‐lactol intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Direct ortho‐Alkylation of N‐Iminopyridinium Ylides with N‐Tosylhydrazones.
Authors: Xiao Qing , Ling Lin , Ye Fei , Tan Renchang , Tian Leiming , Zhang Yan , Li Yuxue , Wang Jianbo
Published: August 2013

The mild operationally simple title reaction proceeds using an inexpensive catalyst without any ligand.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclization and N‐Iodosuccinimide‐Induced Electrophilic Iodocyclization of 3‐Aza‐1,5‐enynes to Synthesize 1,2‐Dihydropyridines and 3‐Iodo‐1,2‐dihydropyridines.
Authors: Xin Xiaoyi , Wang Dongping , Wu Fan , Li Xincheng , Wan Boshun
Published: August 2013

A metal‐free approach to synthesize the title compounds selectively from readily available 3‐aza‐1,5‐enynes is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydroisoquinolin‐1‐ones from N‐Boc‐(β‐Arylethyl)‐carbamates via Isocyanate Intermediates.
Authors: In Jinkyung , Hwang Soonho , Kim Changhun , Seo Jae Hong , Kim Sanghee
Published: August 2013

The title reaction proceeds in good yields and with high regioselectivities for electron‐rich aromatic substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Free Radical Cyclization Reactions of Allylsulfonyl Substituted N‐Aryl Amide Derivatives.
Authors: Chuang Che‐Ping , Tsai An‐I , Tsai Ming‐Yi
Published: August 2013

The type of cyclization depends on the substituents on the aromatic ring and the stability of the radical intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Synthesis of Tetrahydroisoquinolin‐4‐ols via a Novel Acid‐Catalyzed Rearrangement of 5‐Aryloxazolidines.
Authors: Moshkin Vladimir S. , Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Ya.
Published: August 2013

Cycloaddition of aromatic aldehydes with the azomethine ylide derived from sarcosine and formaldehyde provides 5‐aryloxazolidine intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Vinylic Amino Group Activation: A New and General Strategy Leading to Functionalized Fused Heteroaromatics.
Authors: Sunke Rajnikanth , Adepu Raju , Kapavarapu Ravikumar , Chintala Swetha , Meda Chandana Lakshmi Teja , Parsa Kishore V. L. , Pal Manojit
Published: August 2013

With a view to find novel inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), a series of tetracyclic heteroaromatics (IV) and (VII) is prepared by intramolecular cyclization of corresponding amines (III) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: New Heterocyclic Systems Based on 5,6,7,8‐Tetrahydroisoquinolines
Authors: Sirakanyan S. N. , Kartsev V. G. , Hovakimyan A. A. , Noravyan A. S. , Shakhatuni A. A.
Published: August 2013

synthesis and characterization
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 6‐Acetyl‐1‐methyl‐3‐oxo‐5,8‐diphenyl‐2‐azabicyclo [2.2.2]octane‐4‐carbonitrile
Authors: Nosova N. V. , Vagapov A. V. , Slepukhin P. A. , Gein V. L.
Published: August 2013

via a novel type of cascade process
ChemInform Abstract: The Catalytic Asymmetric Acetalization.
Authors: Kim Ji Hye , Coric Ilija , Vellalath Sreekumar , List Benjamin
Published: August 2013

The first catalytic asymmetric acetalization of aldehydes is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel [1,2,4]Triazino[5,6‐f]‐1,10‐phenanthrolines Based on the Azolyl‐1‐carboxamidrazones.
Authors: Bunev A. S. , Sukhonosova E. V. , Statsyuk V. E. , Ostapenko G. I. , Purygin P. P.
Published: August 2013

A convenient method for the synthesis of previously unknown azolyl‐substituted triazinophenanthrolines (IV) as promising ligands is given.
ChemInform Abstract: General Synthetic Approach to Functionalized Dihydrooxepines.
Authors: Nicolaou K. C. , Yu Ruocheng , Shi Lei , Cai Quan , Lu Min , Heretsch Philipp
Published: August 2013

A three step reaction sequence consisting of an initial Baeyer—Villiger oxidation followed by enol phosphate ester formation and reduction is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric β‐Boration of α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds with Chiral Rh[bis(oxazolinyl)phenyl] Catalysts.
Authors: Toribatake Kenji , Zhou Li , Tsuruta Ayae , Nishiyama Hisao
Published: August 2013

Chiral rhodium[bis(oxazolinyl)phenyl] complexes exhibit high catalytic activity for the enantioselective β‐boration of α,β‐unsaturated esters, ketones, and amides.
ChemInform Abstract: FeCl3‐Mediated Arylation of α‐Hydroxyphosphonates with Unactivated Arenes: Pseudo‐Umpolung in Allylic Phosphonates.
Authors: Pallikonda Gangaram , Chakravarty Manab
Published: August 2013

A simple and mild protocol for the synthesis of phosphonates from readily accessible starting materials is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (α,α‐Difluoropropargyl)phosphonates via Aldehyde‐to‐Alkyne Homologation.
Authors: Pajkert Romana , Roeschenthaler Gerd‐Volker
Published: August 2013

An efficient and novel synthetic methodology for the synthesis of different substituted propargyl phosphonates is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Phosphonate Analogues of Nucleotides with a 2,5‐Dihydro‐1,2‐oxaphospholene Carbon Skeleton.
Authors: Brel V. K.
Published: August 2013

Electrophilic halogenation of allenyl phosphonates such as (I) and (VI) is accompanied by a heterocyclization involving the phosphonate group to furnish representatives of a new type of phosphonate analogues of nucleotides [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Near‐Infrared Quantum Cutting Platform in Thermally Stable Phosphate Phosphorus for Solar Cells.
Authors: Liu Tzu‐Chen , Zhang Gongguo , Qiao Xuebin , Wang Jing , Seo Hyo Jin , Tsai Din‐Ping , Liu Ru‐Shi
Published: August 2013

The photoluminescent properties of Tb3+/Yb3+‐, Ce3+/Tb3+/Yb3+‐, and Eu2+/Yb3+‐doped KSrPO4 are investigated by photoluminescence excitation and emission spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanochemistry: A Review of Surface Reactions and Environmental Applications
Authors: Nasser Ahmed , Mingelgrin Uri
Published: August 2013

Review: 44 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Speciation of Mercury in Soil and Sediment
Authors: Skyllberg Ulf
Published: August 2013

Review: 117 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tailoring the Catalytic Activity of Electrodes with Monolayer Amounts of Foreign Metals
Authors: Calle‐Vallejo Federico , Koper Marc T. M. , Bandarenka Aliaksandr S.
Published: August 2013

Review: 224 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of Stable Icosahedral Quasicrystals: Progress in Understanding Structure and Properties
Authors: Tsai An‐Pang
Published: August 2013

Review: 77 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Asymmetric Organocatalytic Construction of 3,3′‐Spirocyclic Oxindoles
Authors: Hong Liang , Wang Rui
Published: August 2013

Review: 104 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Photocatalyzed Meerwein Arylation: Classic Reaction of Aryl Diazonium Salts in a New Light.
Authors: Hari Durga Prasad , Koenig Burkhard
Published: August 2013

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The N—H Functional Group in Organometallic Catalysis.
Authors: Zhao Baoguo , Han Zhaobin , Ding Kuiling
Published: August 2013

Review: ca. 300 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Silicon‐Based Wittig Reagents
Authors: Gau David , Baceiredo Antoine , Kato Tsuyoshi
Published: August 2013

Review: 34 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Air‐Stable Chiral Primary Phosphines. Part 2. Predicting the Air Stability of Phosphines
Authors: Stewart Beverly , Harriman Anthony , Higham Lee J.
Published: August 2013

Review: 64 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bacterial Toxin Inhibitors Based on Multivalent Scaffolds
Authors: Branson Thomas R. , Turnbull W. Bruce
Published: August 2013

Review: 59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Applications of Triazole Derivatives
Authors: Kumar S. Sathish , Kavitha Helen P.
Published: August 2013

Review: 119 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of the Suzuki—Miyaura Reaction in the Synthesis of Flavonoids
Authors: Selepe Mamoalosi A. , Van Heerden Fanie R.
Published: August 2013

Review: 84 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: When Phosphorus and NHC (N‐Heterocyclic Carbene) Meet Each Other
Authors: Gaillard Sylvain , Renaud Jean‐Luc
Published: August 2013

Review: 138 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Multivalent Glycoconjugate Syntheses and Applications Using Aromatic Scaffolds
Authors: Chabre Yoann M. , Roy Rene
Published: August 2013

Review: 334 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Water as an Ecofriendly Solvent for Iodination Reactions of Aromatic and Heteroaromatic Compounds
Authors: Frota Carlise , Casagrande Gleison A. , Pizzuti Lucas , Raminelli Cristiano
Published: August 2013

Review: 91 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: How to Measure Reaction Temperature in Microwave‐Heated Transformations
Authors: Kappe C. Oliver
Published: August 2013

Review: 47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Triplet Photosensitizers: From Molecular Design to Applications
Authors: Zhao Jianzhang , Wu Wanhua , Sun Jifu , Guo Song
Published: August 2013

Review: 248 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Purinosome, a Multi‐Protein Complex Involved in the de novo Biosynthesis of Purines in Humans
Authors: Zhao Hong , French Jarrod B. , Fang Ye , Benkovic Stephen J.
Published: August 2013

Review: 78 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cytokines as Biomarkers of Nanoparticle Immunotoxicity
Authors: Elsabahy Mahmoud , Wooley Karen L.
Published: August 2013

Review: 204 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Disorder in Molecular Framework Materials
Authors: Cairns Andrew B. , Goodwin Andrew L.
Published: August 2013

Review: 58 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Principles of Electron Capture and Transfer Dissociation Mass Spectrometry Applied to Peptide and Protein Structure Analysis
Authors: Zhurov Konstantin O. , Fornelli Luca , Wodrich Matthew D. , Laskay Uenige A. , Tsybin Yury O.
Published: August 2013

Review: 60 refs.
Konversionsmaterialien für die Energiespeicherung
Authors: Fichtner Maximilian
Published: August 2013

Konversionsmaterialien stellen aus heutiger Sicht die einzige Option dar, um bei Wasserstoffspeichern und Batterien deutlich höhere gravimetrische und volumetrische Energiedichten zu erzielen. Trotz einiger technischer Schwierigkeiten, wie die noch unzureichende Reversibilität und kinetische Barrieren, sind sie ein lohnendes Forschungs‐ und Entwicklungsobjekt mit der Perspektive, wesentliche Fortschritte bei der Energiespeicherung zu erreichen. Neue Syntheseansätze bei Batterien zeigen, dass über einfache festkörperchemische Verfahren komplexe Strukturen mit hoher Funktionalität erhalten werden können, die deutlich verbesserte Eigenschaften aufweisen.
Starker Tobak
Authors: Streller Sabine , Roth Klaus
Published: August 2013

Den aktiven Inhaltsstoff des Tabaks, das Nikotin, synthetisiert die Pflanze ursprünglich als Schutz gegen Schädlinge. Nikotin übersteht die harschen Bedingungen in einer brennenden Zigarette und bindet wenige Sekunden nach dem ersten Zug an bestimmte Acetylcholin‐Rezeptoren im Nervensystem des Rauchers. Es ist das Nikotin, das Raucher so extrem abhängig macht. Auf der anderen Seite werden die meisten mit dem Rauchen zusammenhängenden Krankheiten nicht durch Nikotin, sondern durch andere Komponenten im Tabakrauch verursacht. Daraufhin wurden rauchfreie Produkte wie elektronische Zigaretten entwickelt, die potentiell ein geringeres Risiko darstellen. So kann heute jeder einzelne Raucher eine faktenbasierte Entscheidung treffen, ob überhaupt und wenn ja, wie er das Nikotin aufnimmt.
A Bayesian nonparametric goodness of fit test for right censored data based on approximate samples from the beta‐Stacy process
Authors: Al Labadi Luai , Zarepour Mahmoud
Published: August 2013

In recent years, Bayesian nonparametric statistics has received extraordinary attention. The beta‐Stacy process, a generalization of the Dirichlet process, is a fundamental tool in studying Bayesian nonparametric statistics. In this article, we derive a simple, yet efficient, way to simulate the beta‐Stacy process. We compare the efficiency of the new approximation to several other well‐known approximations, and we demonstrate a significant improvement. Using the Kolmogorov distance and samples from the beta‐Stacy process, a Bayesian nonparametric goodness of fit test is proposed. The proposed test is very general in the sense that it can be applied to censored and non‐censored observations. Some illustrative examples are included. 41: 466–487; 2013 © 2013 Statistical Society of Canada
Clinical activity of ipilimumab for metastatic uveal melanoma
Authors: Luke Jason J. , Callahan Margaret K. , Postow Michael A. , Romano Emanuela , Ramaiya Nikhil , Bluth Mark , Giobbie‐Hurder Anita , Lawrence Donald P. , Ibrahim Nageatte , Ott Patrick A. , Flaherty Keith T. , Sullivan Ryan J. , Harding James J. , D'Angelo Sandra , Dickson Mark , Schwartz Gary K. , Chapman Paul B. , Wolchok Jedd D. , Hodi F. Stephen , Carvajal Richard D.
Published: August 2013

BACKGROUND

Uveal melanoma exhibits a high incidence of metastases; and, to date, there is no systemic therapy that clearly improves outcomes. The anticytotoxic T‐lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (anti‐CTLA‐4) antibody ipilimumab is a standard of care for metastatic melanoma; however, the clinical activity of CTLA‐4 inhibition in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma is poorly defined.

METHODS

To assess ipilimumab in this setting, the authors performed a multicenter, retrospective analysis of 4 hospitals in the United States and Europe. Clinical characteristics, toxicities, and radiographic disease burden, as determined by central, blinded radiology review, were evaluated.

RESULTS

Thirty‐nine patients with uveal melanoma were identified, including 34 patients who received 3 mg/kg ipilimumab and 5 who received 10 mg/kg ipilimumab. Immune‐related response criteria and modified World Health Organization criteria were used to assess the response rate (RR) and the combined response plus stable disease (SD) rate after 12 weeks, after 23 weeks, and overall (median follow‐up, 50.4 weeks [12.6 months]). At week 12, the RR was 2.6%, and the response plus SD rate was 46.%; at week 23, the RR was 2.6%, and the response plus SD rate was 28.2%. There was 1 complete response and 1 late partial response (at 100 weeks after initial SD) for an immune‐related RR of 5.1%. Immune‐related adverse events were observed in 28 patients (71.8%) and included 7 (17.9%) grade 3 and 4 events. Immune‐related adverse events were more frequent in patients who received 10 mg/kg ipilimumab than in those who received 3 mg/kg ipilimumab. The median overall survival from the first dose of ipilimumab was 9.6 months (95% confidence interval, 6.3‐13.4 months; range, 1.6‐41.6 months). Performance status, lactate dehydrogenase level, and an absolute lymphocyte count ≥1000 cells/μL at week 7 were associated significantly with survival.

CONCLUSIONS

In this multicenter, retrospective analysis of 4 hospitals in the United States and Europe of patients with uveal melanoma, durable responses to ipilimumab and manageable toxicity were observed. Cancer 2013;119:3687–3695. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Energy‐efficient task allocation with quality of service provisioning for concurrent applications in multi‐functional wireless sensor network systems
Authors: Li Wei , Delicato Flávia C. , Pires Paulo F. , Zomaya Albert Y.
Published: August 2013

Multi‐functional wireless sensor network (WSN) system is a new design trend of WSNs, which are evolving from dedicated application‐specific systems to an integrated infrastructure that supports the execution of multiple concurrent applications. Such system offers inherent advantages in terms of cost and flexibility because it allows the effective utilization of available sensors and resource sharing among multiple applications. However, sensor nodes are very constrained in resources, mainly regarding their energy. Therefore, the usage of such resources needs to be carefully managed, and the sharing with several applications imposes new challenges in achieving energy efficiency in these networks. In order to exploit the full potential of multi‐functional WSN systems, it is crucial to design mechanisms that effectively allocate tasks onto sensors so that the entire system lifetime is maximized while meeting various application requirements. However, it is likely that the requirements of different applications cannot be simultaneously met. In this paper, we present the Multi‐Application Requirements Aware and Energy Efficiency algorithm as a new resource allocation heuristic for multi‐functional WSN system to maximize system lifetime subject to various application requirements. The heuristic effectively deals with different quality of service parameters (possibly conflicting) trading those parameters and exploiting heterogeneity of multiple WSNs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assigning cells to switches in cellular mobile networks using hybridizing API algorithm and Tabu Search
Authors: Debbat F. , Bendimerad F. T.
Published: August 2013

Cells assignment to switches plays an important role in the area of resource management in cellular network. Efficient homing of cells to switches can have a significant impact on handoff and cabling costs. This problem is an NP‐hard problem, which cannot be solved by conventional optimization algorithms. It is therefore necessary to use metaheuristic methods to solve it. This research proposes a hybrid heuristic approach for further improving the quality of solutions. This approach applies API ant algorithm in combination with one of the best heuristics used to solve this problem: Tabu Search. A key element in the success of this hybrid approach is the use simultaneously an intensified research on several areas of research space. The implementation of these algorithms has been subject to extensive tests. In comparison with previous research, the proposed method is efficient, regarding quality of solutions provided for moderate‐sized and large‐sized cellular mobile networks. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study on Action Mechanism of 1‐(4‐Methoxy‐2‐Methylphenyl)Piperazine (MMPP) in Acquisition, Formation, and Consolidation of Memory in Mice
Authors: Navarrete Andrés , Flores‐Machorro Francisco X. , Téllez‐Ballesteros Ruth I. , Alfaro‐Romero Alejandro , Balderas José Luis , Reyes Adelfo
Published: August 2013

Preclinical Research

In the present study, the mechanism of action of MMPP (1‐(4‐methoxy‐2‐methylphenyl) piperazine) in the acquisition (pretraining administration), formation (posttraining administration), and consolidation (pretest administration) of memory was assessed in the passive avoidance test using a short‐ and long‐term memory protocol in mice. MMPP modified avoidance in the acquisition and formation of memory protocols but not in the consolidation protocol. Scopolamine (0.1 mg/kg i.p.), dizocilpine (0.003 mg/kg i.p.), and buspirone (0.1 mg/kg i.p.) completely inhibited MMPP‐induced effects on memory acquisition and partially inhibited memory formation in the short‐term but not long‐term paradigm. This suggested that cholinergic, N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) and 5‐hydroxytryptamine‐1A (5‐HT1A) receptors were implicated in the MMPP‐induced improvements in memory. The sedative, anxiolytic, motor impairment, myorelaxant, and anticonvulsive (pentylenetetrazole‐induced seizures) properties of MMPP were also assessed with the compound only showing a nondose‐dependent myorelaxation. These results suggest that MMPP can enhance acquisition and formation, but not consolidation, of memory in short‐term and long‐term protocol via cholinergic, NMDA‐glutamatergic, and 5‐HT1A receptors.
Region‐specific regulation of posterior axial elongation during vertebrate embryogenesis
Authors: Neijts Roel , Simmini Salvatore , Giuliani Fabrizio , van Rooijen Carina , Deschamps Jacqueline
Published: August 2013

Background: The vertebrate body axis extends sequentially from the posterior tip of the embryo, fueled by the gastrulation process at the primitive streak and its continuation within the tailbud. Anterior structures are generated early, and subsequent nascent tissues emerge from the posterior growth zone and continue to elongate the axis until its completion. The underlying processes have been shown to be disrupted in mouse mutants, some of which were described more than half a century ago. Results: Important progress in elucidating the cellular and genetic events involved in body axis elongation has recently been made on several fronts. Evidence for the residence of self‐renewing progenitors, some of which are bipotential for neurectoderm and mesoderm, has been obtained by embryo‐grafting techniques and by clonal analyses in the mouse embryo. Transcription factors of several families including homeodomain proteins have proven instrumental for regulating the axial progenitor niche in the growth zone. A complex genetic network linking these transcription factors and signaling molecules is being unraveled that underlies the phenomenon of tissue lengthening from the axial stem cells. The concomitant events of cell fate decision among descendants of these progenitors begin to be better understood at the levels of molecular genetics and cell behavior. Conclusions: The emerging picture indicates that the ontogenesis of the successive body regions is regulated according to different rules. In addition, parameters controlling vertebrate axial length during evolution have emerged from comparative experimental studies. It is on these issues that this review will focus, mainly addressing the study of axial extension in the mouse embryo with some comparison with studies in chick and zebrafish, aiming at unveiling the recent progress, and pointing at still unanswered questions for a thorough understanding of the process of embryonic axis elongation. Developmental Dynamics 243:88–98, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of a novel transgenic mouse line expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the Cdx2 neural specific enhancer
Authors: Coutaud Baptiste , Pilon Nicolas
Published: August 2013

Several genetically modified mouse models have been generated in order to drive expression of the Cre recombinase in the neuroectoderm. However, none of them specifically targets the posterior neural plate during neurulation. To fill this gap, we have generated a new transgenic mouse line in which Cre expression is controlled by a neural specific enhancer (NSE) from the Caudal‐related homeobox 2 (Cdx2) locus. Analyses of Cre activity via breeding with R26R‐YFP reporter mice have indicated that the Cdx2NSE‐Cre mouse line allows for recombination of LoxP sites in most cells of the posterior neural plate as soon as from the head fold stage. Detailed examination of double‐transgenic embryos has revealed that this novel Cre‐driver line allows targeting the entire posterior neural tube with an anterior limit in the caudal hindbrain. Of note, the Cdx2NSE regulatory sequences direct Cre expression along the whole dorso‐ventral axis (including pre‐migratory neural crest cells) and, accordingly, YFP fluorescence has been also observed in multiple non‐cranial neural crest derivatives of double‐transgenic embryos. Therefore, we believe that the Cdx2NSE‐Cre mouse line represents an important novel genetic tool for the study of early events occurring in the caudal neuroectoderm during the formation of both the central and the peripheral nervous systems. genesis 51:777–784. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
How are plant and fungal communities linked to each other in belowground ecosystems? A massively parallel pyrosequencing analysis of the association specificity of root‐associated fungi and their host plants
Authors: Toju Hirokazu , Sato Hirotoshi , Yamamoto Satoshi , Kadowaki Kohmei , Tanabe Akifumi S. , Yazawa Shigenobu , Nishimura Osamu , Agata Kiyokazu
Published: August 2013

In natural forests, hundreds of fungal species colonize plant roots. The preference or specificity for partners in these symbiotic relationships is a key to understanding how the community structures of root‐associated fungi and their host plants influence each other. In an oak‐dominated forest in Japan, we investigated the root‐associated fungal community based on a pyrosequencing analysis of the roots of 33 plant species. Of the 387 fungal taxa observed, 153 (39.5%) were identified on at least two plant species. Although many mycorrhizal and root‐endophytic fungi are shared between the plant species, the five most common plant species in the community had specificity in their association with fungal taxa. Likewise, fungi displayed remarkable variation in their association specificity for plants even within the same phylogenetic or ecological groups. For example, some fungi in the ectomycorrhizal family Russulaceae were detected almost exclusively on specific oak (Quercus) species, whereas other Russulaceae fungi were found even on “non‐ectomycorrhizal” plants (e.g., Lyonia and Ilex). Putatively endophytic ascomycetes in the orders Helotiales and Chaetothyriales also displayed variation in their association specificity and many of them were shared among plant species as major symbionts. These results suggest that the entire structure of belowground plant–fungal associations is described neither by the random sharing of hosts/symbionts nor by complete compartmentalization by mycorrhizal type. Rather, the colonization of multiple types of mycorrhizal fungi on the same plant species and the prevalence of diverse root‐endophytic fungi may be important features of belowground linkage between plant and fungal communities.
Generalized additive mixed models for disentangling long‐term trends, local anomalies, and seasonality in fruit tree phenology
Authors: Polansky Leo , Robbins Martha M.
Published: August 2013

Quantifying temporal patterns of ephemeral plant structures such as leaves, flowers, and fruits gives insight into both plant and animal ecology. Different scales of temporal changes in fruits, for example within‐ versus across‐year variability, are driven by different processes, but are not always easy to disentangle. We apply generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) to study a long‐term fruit presence–absence data set of individual trees collected from a high‐altitude Afromontane tropical rain forest site within Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (BINP), Uganda. Our primary aim was to highlight and evaluateGAMMmethodology, and quantify both intra‐ and interannual changes in fruit production. First, we conduct several simulation experiments to study the practical utility of model selection and smooth term estimation relevant for disentangling intra‐ and interannual variability. These simulations indicate that estimation of nonlinearity and seasonality is generally accurately identified using asymptotic theory. Applied to the empirical data set, we found that the forest‐level fruiting variability arises from both regular seasonality and significant interannual variability, with the years 2009–2010 in particular showing a significant increase in the presence of fruits‐driven by increased productivity of most species, and a regular annual peak associated occurring at the end of one of the two dry seasons. Our analyses illustrate a statistical framework for disentangling short‐term increases/decreases in fruiting effort while pinpointing specific times in which fruiting is atypical, providing a first step for assessing the impacts of regular and irregular (e.g., climate change) abiotic covariates on fruiting phenology. Some consequences of the rich diversity of fruiting patterns observed here for the population biology of frugivores inBINPare also discussed.