bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penguatan Peran Politik Ekonomi Sosial Budaya dalam Perlindungan Hukum Adat untuk Membangun Soliditas Masyarakat Dayak menghadapi Eksploitasi Sumberdaya Alam Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Sedia Genopepa
Published: August 2024

The Dayak nation views that so far the rhythm of development and culture has tended to be out of sync.
Decentralization policy also contains the main paradigm to encourage the growth of democratization, public services, as well as higher participation and empowerment of regional communities. The real manifestation of the pro-community paradigm is shown by the change in the function of representative institutions and the mechanism for selecting Regional Heads from top-down to bottom-up, so that regional leaders are truly the result of the aspirations of local communities.
Community Participation: The success of regional development in the era of autonomy is not in the hands of policy holders alone, but instead lies in the establishment of mutually reinforcing synergies (mutual interrelations) between the pillars of regional development, namely the regional government, the business world and the community. broadly including indigenous groups.
Social system The social system of the Dayak community is closely related to the village. Each Village has a government led by a Village Head, Temenggung and/or Traditional Head and/or Supplier or Penghulu. The Village Head acts as the Administrative leader of the Village.
Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management (UUPPLH) provides opportunities for the wider community in terms of monitoring and preparing spatial planning. As a legal instrument, UUPPLH seeks to strengthen
environmental democracy. Strengthening democracy can be done through increasing access to information, public participation, access to justice and strengthening people's rights in environmental protection and management.
The protection of Customary Law above at least shows that the role of women has the same dignity and status as men in terms of their role of mutual respect and respect in each other's lives.
Recommendations from the national seminar on the X Gawai Dayak Week, Sintang Regency in 2023, were presented and read by the Drafting Team on the closing night of the X X Gawai Dayak Week, Sintang Regency, Monday evening, July 10 2023, to be followed up as appropriate by policy makers from the central level, the government Province to district government
Perbedaan Kepadatan Benih dan Nutrisi Organik terhadap Produktivitas Green Fodder Jagung
Authors: Rayani Tera Fit , Hakim Annisa , Resti Yuni , Yuardi Artiqie Gita , Septiari Yasinta , Fazryah Nur Rachmy , Maulida Faradisa Syafrin , Salsabila Shafa
Published: August 2024

Hydroponic green fodder is a method for producing forage for livestock in a short time (approximately 7–8 days) without soil. It can be an alternative source of high–quality forage to increase the productivity of ruminant livestock. This research aims to compare differences in seed density and the addition of organic nutrients in the form of shallot skins to the productivity of maize green fodder. Fodder planting is done using a hydroponic system with an automatic watering system. The variables measured were fresh and dry biomass production, conversion of green fodder to seeds, plant height, and nutrient content in corn seeds and green fodder. The experimental design used was a 3 x 2 completely randomized factorial design with treatment factors in the form of seed density (1,25; 1,5; and 1,75 kg/m2) and organic nutrition (soaking with tap water and soaking with shallot skin). The results showed that the production of fresh biomass, dry biomass, and plant height were significantly different (P<0,05) influenced by seed density. Total fresh and dry biomass increased with increasing seed density (P<0,05). Plant height increases as seed density decreases (P<0,05). Soaking seeds using shallot skins did not have a significant effect on the productivity of corn green fodder. A seed density of 1,5 kg/m2 produces the best productivity in green fodder corn
Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Selada Romaine terhadap Otomasi Aerasi pada Sistem Hidroponik Rakit Apung
Authors: Desti Srinadila  , Ummu Kalsum  , Edi Minaji Pribadi
Published: August 2024

Romaine lettuce is a nutritious leaf vegetable with a high selling price and its production can be increased using a hydroponic system. Floating raft hydroponics is a hydroponic system with plants floating on styrofoam and their roots submerged in a nutrient solution. Providing aeration using an aerator connected to a timer switch is necessary to increase dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution to optimize plant growth and production. This research aims to analyze the effect of aeration automation and the best aeration duration on the growth and production of romaine lettuce plants in a floating raft hydroponic system. The research was conducted at Greenhouse UG Technopark in May-June 2023. This experiment used a one-factor Completely Randomized Design with 4 aeration duration treatments: no aeration (control), 6 hours aeration/day, 15 hours/day aeration, and 24 hours/day aeration. Each treatment was repeated 5 times so that there were 20 experimental units and consisted of 5 samples for a total of 100 samples. The results of this research show that aeration 24 hours/day has a real influence on the parameters of plant height in the 3rd week, leaf length, leaf width, leaf wet weight, and root shoot ratio (P<0,05). Aeration 24 hours/day provides the best results for the growth and production of romaine lettuce plants. Aeration automation of 15 hours/day can be used as an alternative from the producer's side to reduce electricity use.
Follower Response and Leader Effectiveness in Selected Public Basic Schools in Ghana
Authors: Duorinaah Eric , Nanko George Dery , Kala Marshall
Published: August 2024

Collective responsibility that intertwines leadership and followership has been globally accepted as a viable means for attaining school goals. Yet, the influences of followers on the leader’s effectiveness in such a relationship have traditionally been neglected in leadership research and practice. The objective of this study was to expand the evidence on how the role characteristics of followers contribute to headteacher effectiveness in public basic schools in Ghana. Anchored on leader-follower reciprocity theory, a phenomenological research design was employed with a sample size of 110. The sample consisted of 10 school heads, 30 teachers, 30 parents, 20 executives of school management committees, and 20 learners. Multi-stage sampling techniques were employed and involved the purposive sampling of the various respondents, with the exception of teachers, who were selected through snowballing. Data was gathered through a self-administered questionnaire and face-to-face, in-depth interviews. The data was analysed thematically, revealing themes, patterns, and trends relative to role-based behaviours in leader-follower relationships. The findings of the study indicate the existence of ample clarity in terms of government policies on the representation of followers within the education system in Ghana, yet dormancy and unrepresentativeness characterise most school committees from which followers derive. The findings also indicate inadequate role understanding, abilities, and other follower behaviours, which were key barriers to leader effectiveness. Based on the findings, it is recommended that community and school committees from which followers are drawn be re-composed and trained in order to make them more representative and more responsive to school heads.
NILAI-NILAI MULTIKULTURAL DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM
Authors: RAHMI NUR , TANG MUHAMMAD
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze and describe multicultural values in curriculum development in education. In general, multicultural values include appreciation for cultural diversity, acceptance of differences, and the promotion of inclusion and social justice. The main objective of this research is to identify and integrate multicultural values into curriculum development. This curriculum is intended to create a more inclusive and equitable learning environment. This research is a type of library research using content analysis as its approach. The data sources are literature references, namely books and journals. The data analysis technique employs the Miles and Huberman analysis method, which includes data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results show that a curriculum that integrates multicultural values can enhance students' understanding of cultural diversity, reduce prejudice, and promote tolerance, mutual respect, unity, appreciation between ethnic groups, and intercultural cooperation (gotong royong). The implication is that educational institutions need to revise and update their curricula to reflect multicultural values, with the goal of creating a generation that is more sensitive to differences and ready to contribute to a diverse global society.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai multikultural dalam pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan. Secara umum, nilai-nilai multikultural meliputi penghargaan terhadap keragaman budaya, penerimaan terhadap perbedaan, serta promosi inklusi dan keadilan sosial. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai multikultural dalam pengembangan kurikulum. Serta kurikulum ini berguna untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang lebih inklusif dan adil. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kepustakaan atau library research dengan menggunakan analisis isi (konten) sebagai pendekatannya. Data bersumber dari referensi kepustakaan yaitu dari buku dan Jurnal. Teknik analisis datanya menggunakan teknik analisisnya Miles dan Huberman yaitu kondensasi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kurikulum yang mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai multikultural dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang keberagaman budaya, mengurangi prasangka, dan mempromosikan toleransi, saling menghormati, menjaga persatuan, saling menghargai antar etnis serta kerjasama antarbudaya (gotong royong). Implikasinya yaitu institusi pendidikan perlu merevisi dan memperbarui kurikulum mereka untuk mencerminkan nilai-nilai multikultural, dengan tujuan menciptakan generasi yang lebih peka terhadap perbedaan dan siap berkontribusi dalam masyarakat global yang beragam.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER SISWA NON-KRISTEN DI SMK KRISTEN 2 SURAKARTA
Authors: AMELIA LOUISA , WENING SRI
Published: August 2024

Christian religious education, which is one of the lessons at school, has an important role in shaping students' character. Even though this subject is specifically intended for Christian students, for Christian schools founded by Christian institutions, all students without exception of non-Christian religions must take Christian Religious Education lessons. This research aims to find out the influence of Christian Religious Education learning on the character formation of non-Christian students at Christian Vocational School 2 Surakarta, after processing the data using SPSS and it is known that there is a significant influence of Christian Religious Education learning on the character formation of non-Christian students. By looking at the correlation table, it shows the magnitude of the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. It can be seen from the correlation coefficient column that it is 0.593. Based on the correlation coefficient interpretation guidelines according to Sugiyono, this shows moderate closeness with criteria between 0.40 – 0.593. In this way, learning Christian Religious Education has an influence in forming the character of non-Christian students. Therefore, it is hoped that learning Christian Religious Education can help non-Christian students in forming character.
ABSTRAKPendidikan Agama Kristen yang menjadi salah satu pelajaran di sekolah memiliki peran penting dalam membentuk karakter siswa. Meskipun mata pelajaran ini secara khusus ditujukan untuk siswa Kristen, namun bagi Sekolah kristen yang didirikan oleh lembaga kristen semua siswa tanpa terkecuali yang beragama non kristen harus mengikuti pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagimana pengaruh pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen terhadap pembentukan karakter siswa non-Kristen di SMK Kristen 2 Surakarta, setelah melakukan pengolahan data menggunakan spss dan diketahui bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen terhadap pembentukan karakter siswa non-Kristen. Dengan melihat table korelasi menunjukan besar hubungan variable bebas terhadap variable terikat. Terlihat dari kolom koefisien korelasinya sebesar 0,593. Berdasarkan pedoman interpretasi koefisien korelasi menurut Sugiyono, hal ini menunjukkan keeratan yang sedang dengan kriteria antara 0,40 – 0,593. Dengan demikian pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen berpengaruh dalam pembentukan karakter siswa non-Kristen Oleh karena itu diharapkan pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen dapat membantu siswa non-Kristen dalam membentuk karakter.
ҚОҒАМДАҒЫ МӘДЕНИ ЖАҢАРУЛАРМЕНКІТАП МӘДЕНИЕТІН ІЗГІЛЕНДІРУ
Authors: Курманбаева А.Ә. , Жаппар Қ.З , Алдабергенқызы Л.
Published: August 2024

Бұл жұмыс мәдени кеңістіктегі кітаптың мәнін анықтауға мүмкіндік береді. Мұнда ғылыми тұрғыдан алғанда кітаптың мәдениет тарихындағы қалыптасуы мен дамуындағы мәдени философиялық сипат айтылады.Авторлар шетел және қазақстандық ғалымдардың ғылыми еңбектеріне сүйене отырып, кітап шығарудың пайда болуы мен дамуы сонау ерте замандардан бастау алатынын дәлелдейді. Қазақ кітап шығару мәдениетін көтеруге бағытталған бұл жұмыстың басты мақсаты –ұлттық рух пен патриотизмді көтеруге лайықты үлес қосу, тәуелсіз Республикамыздың мәдени-әлеуметтік салалардағы жетістіктерін шынайы түрде насихаттау, кітап шығару мәдениетін көтеру. кітаптану мәдениеті.Қазақ кітап мәдениеті, сайып келгенде, ұлт мәдениеті, осы мәдениетті сақтаушы, ұлттық менталитет қалыптастырушы, адамдық қадір-қасиет пен оның өмір сүруінің әлеуметтік негізі. Ол халықты авторлардың шығармаларымен таныстырады, әрбір адамды ұлттық өзіндік сана рухында тәрбиелейді, мәдениеттану негіздерін жасайды, мәдениеттің дамуын әлемдік өркениетке бағыттайды.
TRANSFER OF STYLISTIC DEVICES IN TRANSLATION OF BELLES-LETTRES
Authors: Konstantinova О.
Published: August 2024

The theme of the articleis connected withstylistics, a system of coordinated, interrelated and inter-conditioned language means intended to fulfill a specific function of communication and aiming at a certain effect. The given article has its topicality determined by the fact that it is the stylistic aspect of language, which is responsible not only for the translation from Source Language (SL) into Target Language (TL), but for a translator’s skills. The translation of the original depends on the translator’s ability to render the meaning of stylistic devices (SDs). The function of stylistic devices is to beautify and embellish the text, to create a powerful visual image. The practical value of this researchwork is improving translation skills and better knowledge of English; the research material can be used for stylistics lessons and seminars, for compilation of work-books and training manuals in theory and practice of translation. The article has the theoretical value as well, whichconsists in fact that the research makes it possible to enlarge and enrich the knowledge of rendering stylistic devices and can help in translation of works of belles-lettres.
ЛИНЕЙНО-СИНТАГМАТИЧЕСКАЯ ФОРМАСЛОВОФОРМЫ И ЕЕ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА СТЕПЕНЬ ЕЕ ОТДЕЛЯЕМОСТИ
Authors: Толуспаева Д.Ж. , Саржанова Г.Б.
Published: August 2024

Научная статья посвящена исследованию линейно-синтагматической формы словоформы и ее влиянию на степень ее отделяемости в контексте сравнительного анализа морфологии и синтаксиса английского и казахского языков. В статье представлены результаты комплекс-ногоисследования, направленного на выявление корреляции между морфологическими и синтаксическими особенностями словоформ в обоих языках.Актуальность данного исследования обусловлена не только научным интересом к сравни-тельномуанализу языковых структур, но и практической значимостью для обучения и пере-вода. Изучение линейно-синтагматической формы словоформы помогает лингвистам и пере-водчикам более глубоко понять особенности языка, что в свою очередь облегчает процесс перевода иобучения языку.Цель исследования заключается в выявлении влияния линейно-синтагматической струк-туры на степень отделяемости словоформ в английском и казахском языках. Для достижения этой цели были поставлены следующие задачи: провести анализ линейных и синтагматиче-ских особенностей словоформ, выявить сходства и различия между английским и казахским языками, определить влияние морфологии и синтаксиса на степень отделяемости словоформ. Исследование базируется на обширном лингвистическом материале, включающем текстовые корпусы и лингвистические ресурсы обоих языков. Методология включает в себя сравни-тельный анализ морфологических и синтаксических структур, а также использование кор-пусных данных для подтверждения выводов. Научная новизна данной работы заключается в выявлении влияния линейно-синтагматической структуры на степень отделяемости слово-форм в английском и казахском языках. Обсуждаются сходства и различия между языками, а также их практическая значимость для обучения и перевода.
ЖАНР УСАДЕБНОГО РОМАНА В АСПЕКТЕ МЕЖКУЛЬТУРНОЙ КОММУНИКАЦИИ
Authors: Ломова Е.А. , Касымжанова М.Е.
Published: August 2024

Жанр усадебного романа в русской ибританской литературах и восприятие творчества И.Тургенева в Англии позволяет судить не только о готовности к межкультурному диалогу, но и обнаруживает различия, продиктованные несовпадением в ментальности, национальных традициях и социально-общественном характере русской и западноевропейской цивилиза-ций. Английский усадебный текст включал в себя авторскую концепцию понятия нравствен-ного долга, который не являлся препятствием к индивидуальным пристрастиям и не отменял право на личное счастье. В творчестве И.Тургенева категория долга связывалась с социаль-но-общественной составляющей, и достижение личного счастья становилось возможным только при отказе от долга, понимаемого в этом смысле.
Т.Н.РАХЫМЖАНОВТЫҢ «КҮЙ АТЫ –ДАЙРАБАЙ» ПОВЕСІНДЕГІ КҮЙШІ ТҰЛҒАСЫНЫҢ БЕЙНЕЛЕНУ
Authors: Тоқшылықова Г.Б.
Published: August 2024

Мақалада әдебиеттанушы ғалым, педагог, ақын, жазушы Т.Н.Рахымжановтың «Күй аты –Дайрабай» повесіндегі ұлттық құндылық –күй өнерінің құдіреті, өнер адамыныңбойындағы даралық сипаттары мәтіндік талдаулар негізінде талданады. Повестегі бас кейіпкер Дайрабайдың күйшілік ғұмырындағы әлеуметтік қайшылықтар, оның күйшілік келбеті, сонымен бірге, өнер иесі тағдырының өмірлік шындығын көркем шындыққа айналдыру жолындағы жазушы шеберлігі мәселесі тарқатылады. Соның негізінде повестің көркемдік, эстетикалық негізін зерделеу де басты назарда ұсталған. Күйшінің тарихи тағдыры арқылы бойындағы даралық сипаты сараланып, зерделенумен бірге, жазушының ұстанымы мен позициясы да айқындалады.
ОРТА МЕКТЕПТЕ ҒЫЛЫМИ ФАНТАСТИКАЛЫҚ ШЫҒАРМАЛАРДЫОҚЫТУ ЖОЛДАРЫ
Authors: Юсуп П.К. , Юсуп А.Н.
Published: August 2024

Бұл мақалада орта мектепте фантастикалық шығармаларды оқытудың әдістемесі қарастырылады. Ұлттық әдебиетте негізі ауыз әдебиеті үлгілерінде мол кездескенімен, жанрлық түр ретінде ХХ ғасырда ғана қалыптасып, дамыған фантастикалық әдебиет мектеп бағдарламасына да кешігіп енді. Ең алдымен оқушылардың жас ерекшелігі мен таным деңгейін ескеру орынды. Оқуға жеңіл, оқиғасы қызық, іс-әрекеттер шұғыл, шешімдер күрт өзгеретін табиғаты өзгеше фантастикалық шығарма баланың қиялын дамытып, өзі күнделікті көріп жүрген қоршаған орта, өмір шындығынан бөлек, аса жоғары эмоционалдық күйге түсіретін болғандықтан да бағалы. Орта мектепте фантастикалық шығармаларды оқытудың ұлттық деңгейдегі тәжірибесі аз болғанымен, әлемдік білім беру жүйесіндегі үздік тәжірибе, әдістер назар аударарлық. Алайда бұл жанрдағы шығармаларды оқытуда ұлттық таным мен халықтың көнеден келе жатқан сенім әлемінің ерекшеліктерін ескеру керектігі маңызды
НАЦИОНАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНАЯ АДАПТАЦИЯ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННЫХ ТЕКСТОВ В КАЗАХСКОМ И АНГЛИЙСКОМ ПЕРЕВОДАХ
Authors: Акбалаева Жанат
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы передачи национально-культурных основ казахского и английского народов в художественных произведениях. Затрагиваются также вопросы ис-пользования языковых средств и стилистических приемов, которые составляют значитель-ную трудность при переводе; также здесь рассматриваются возможности использования пе-реводческих приемов при передаче национально окрашенных единиц языка. Актуальность статьи обусловлена следующими факторами: необходимостью расширения сравнительного описания лексики с культурным компонентом на примерах из художественной литературы; придать контекстуальное значение национально-культурной составляющей слов; определить национально-культурную специфику семантики казахского и английского языков, создаю-щую лингвистические трудности при переводе. Вышеуказанные цели ставят перед собой следующие задачи: выявить лексику с культурной составляющей в литературных произведе-ниях; сравнить семантику выявленных слов и описать специфику их значений, связанную с характерными особенностями культуры, действительности, повседневной жизни и т.п.; оце-нить степень адекватности перевода. Наиболее значимыми результатами, полученными при изучении поставленного в статье вопроса, являются: сопоставительный анализ этнокультур-ной лексики и возможных переводных вариантов этих единиц; обозначение национально-культурных особенностей лексики; выявление основных тенденций семантического расши-рения значений; установление экстралингвистических факторов при переводе; определение стилистических особенностей рассматриваемых единиц; несоответствия ценностной карти-ны мира рассматриваемых языков; анализ устойчивого пласта лексики в сфере национальной специфики.
ESTERILIZAÇÃO CIRÚRGICA NO BRASIL, ANTES E DEPOIS DA LEI 14.443/2022
Authors: Almeida Wendell Mascarenhas de Oliveira , Andrade Lucas Duarte , Pimentel Márcia Sento Sé Magalhães , Nunes Tamires Soares , Oliveira Giulia Magno Rocha de , Santana Bianca Oliveira , Silva Roberto de Barros
Published: August 2024

Introdução: O planejamento familiar permite a regulação da fecundidade e prole da parte de um casal através de meios como as esterilizações cirúrgicas (laqueadura e vasectomia). Em 2022 foi publicada a Lei 14.443/2022, que reduziu a idade mínima de elegibilidade para tais procedimentos de 25 para 21 anos, e revogou a necessidade de aprovação prévia de ambos os cônjuges. Mudanças legislativas como esta são capazes de impactar diretamente na demanda por tais procedimentos, o que torna a análise da incidência das esterilizações cirúrgicas ao longo do tempo valiosa para os gestores das políticas públicas de saúde. Objetivo: Comparar a incidência de esterilizações cirúrgicas realizadas no Brasil e analisar o número de procedimentos realizados no setor público e privado um ano antes e um ano após a implementação da Lei 14.443/2022. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de séries temporais com dados do TabNet (DATASUS) no período de janeiro de 2022 a dezembro de 2023, segundo as variáveis ano, mês, procedimento realizado (vasectomia, laqueadura e parto com laqueadura) e incidência. Os dados foram analisados segundo os testes de normalidade de Shapiro-Wilk, regressão linear, Mann-Whitney U, e autocorrelação de Durbin-Watson, e posteriormente tabulados. Foram utilizadas as plataformas JASP e Jamovi.  Resultados: Os procedimentos passaram de 192.522 antes da lei para 248.754 depois da lei. A vasectomia aumentou de 62.320 para 63.682, a laqueadura tubária de 66.978 para 94.287, e o parto cesáreo com laqueadura tubária de 63.224 para 90.785. O coeficiente de determinação (R2) sugeriu que 52,5% da variação nas taxas de vasectomias pode ser explicada pelo modelo com a vigência da lei, bem como 68,8% para as laqueaduras. Foi verificada autocorrelação em ambos os procedimentos. Conclusão: A implementação da Lei 14.443/2022 foi associada a um aumento significativo no número de esterilizações cirúrgicas realizadas no Brasil, com destaque para o crescimento observado nas laqueaduras tubárias e nos partos cesáreos com laqueadura. O aumento mais expressivo nos procedimentos realizados no setor público reflete o impacto direto da legislação sobre a oferta e a demanda desses serviços. Embora os modelos de regressão tenham mostrado uma forte correlação entre a nova lei e o aumento nas taxas de esterilização, a presença de autocorrelação nos resíduos sugere que fatores adicionais podem estar influenciando essas tendências. Esses achados ressaltam a importância de monitorar e ajustar continuamente as políticas de saúde para garantir que elas atendam às necessidades da população de maneira eficaz e equitativa.
Measurement report: Formation of tropospheric brown carbon in a lifting air mass
Authors: Wu Can , Liu Xiaodi , Zhang Ke , Zhang Si , Cao Cong , Li Jianjun , Li Rui , Zhang Fan , Wang Gehui
Published: August 2024

Abstract. An enhanced formation of brown carbon (BrC) with a non-negligible warming effect at the tropopause has recently been found. However, its formation mechanism is unclear. Here, we report on a BrC formation process that happens during air mass upward transport by conducting simultaneous measurements on atmospheric BrC with a 4 h time resolution at the mountain foot (MF, 400 m a.s.l.) and mountainside (MS, 1120 m a.s.l.) of Mt. Hua, China, in the 2016 summer. Our results showed that the daytime light absorption (abs365 nm) of BrC on the MS is approximately 60 % lower than that at the MF due to a dilution effect caused by the planetary boundary layer expansion, but the daytime light absorption of BrC relative to black carbon on the MS is about 30 % higher than that at the MF, suggesting a significant formation of secondary BrC in the lifting process of air mass from the MF to the MS. Such a secondary formation accounted for > 50 % of BrC on the MS but only 27 % of BrC at the MF. Moreover, the N:C elemental ratio of the daytime BrC was 15 % higher on the MS than that at the MF, mainly due to an aerosol aqueous-phase formation of water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) compounds. Stable nitrogen isotope composition further indicated that such light-absorbing WSON compounds were produced from the aerosol aqueous-phase reaction of carbonyls with NH4+. Our work revealed, for the first time, that ammonia-induced aerosol aqueous reactions can significantly promote BrC formation during the air mass lifting process, which is probably responsible for an enhanced light absorption of BrC in the upper boundary layer.
Implications of climate and litter quality for simulations of litterbag decomposition at high latitudes
Authors: Aas Elin Ristorp , Althuizen Inge , Tang Hui , Geange Sonya , Lieungh Eva , Vandvik Vigdis , Berntsen Terje Koren
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Litter decomposition is a vital part of the carbon cycle and is thoroughly studied both in the field and with models. Although temporally and spatially limited, litterbag decomposition experiments are often used to calibrate and evaluate soil models, coupled to land models, that are intended for use on large scales. We used the microbially explicit soil decomposition model MIMICS+ to replicate two high-latitude litterbag decomposition experiments of different spatial and temporal scales. We investigated how well the model represented observed mass loss in terms of the controlling factors of climate and litter quality and their relative importance with time. In addition to default model forcing, we used measured and site-specific model-derived microclimatic variables (soil moisture and temperature), hypothesizing that this would improve model results. We found that MIMICS+ represented mass loss after 1, 3, and 6 years well across a climatic gradient of Canadian sites but had more variable results for 1-year mass loss across a climate grid in southern Norway. In terms of litter quality, the litter metabolic fraction had more influence on modeled mass loss than the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the litter. Using alternative microclimate sources led to up to 23 % more mass remaining and down to 22 % less mass remaining compared to the simulations using default model inputs. None of the input alternatives significantly improved results compared to using the default model setup. We discuss possible causes for our findings and suggest measures to better utilize short-term field experiments to inform microbially explicit decomposition models.
Multi-observational estimation of regional and sectoral emission contributions to the persistent high growth rate of atmospheric CH4 for 2020–2022
Authors: Niwa Yosuke , Tohjima Yasunori , Terao Yukio , Saeki Tazu , Ito Akihiko , Umezawa Taku , Yamada Kyohei , Sasakawa Motoki , Machida Toshinobu , Nakaoka Shin-Ichiro , Nara Hideki , Tanimoto Hiroshi , Mukai Hitoshi , Yoshida Yukio , Morimoto Shinji , Takatsuji Shinya , Tsuboi Kazuhiro , Sawa Yousuke , Matsueda Hidekazu , Ishijima Kentaro , Fujita Ryo , Goto Daisuke , Lan Xin , Schuldt Kenneth , Heliasz Michal , Biermann Tobias , Chmura Lukasz , Necki Jarsolaw , Xueref-Remy Irène
Published: August 2024

Abstract. An inverse study of atmospheric methane (CH4) estimated regional and sectoral emission contributions to the unprecedented surge of the atmospheric growth rate for 2020–2022. Three inverse analyses, which used only surface observations, surface and aircraft observations, and satellite (GOSAT) observations, consistently suggested notable emission increases in the tropics (15° S–10° N) (10–18 Tg CH4 yr−1) and in northern low-latitudes (10–35° N) (ca. 20 Tg CH4 yr−1), the latter of which likely contributed to the growth rate surge from 2020. The emission increase in the northern low-latitudes is attributed to emissions in South Asia (6–7 Tg CH4 yr−1) and northern Southeast Asia (5 Tg CH4 yr−1), which abruptly increased from 2019 to 2020, and elevated emissions continued until 2022. Meanwhile, the tropical emission increase is dominated by tropical South America (5–7 Tg CH4 yr−1) and central Africa (3–6 Tg CH4 yr−1), but they were continuously increasing before 2019. Agreement was found in sectoral estimates in the tropics and northern low-latitudes, suggesting that biogenic emissions from wetlands, agriculture, and waste are the largest contributors. High-precision surface and aircraft observations imposed constraints that were comparable to or 1.5 times stronger than GOSAT constraints on the flux estimates in South and Southeast Asia. Furthermore, a sensitivity inversion test suggested that the effect of the probable reduction of OH radicals in 2020 might be limited in the Asian regions. These results highlight the importance of biogenic emissions in Asian regions for the persistent high growth rate observed during 2020–2022.
glenglat: A database of global englacial temperatures
Authors: Jacquemart Mylène , Welty Ethan
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Measurements of englacial temperatures have been collected since the earliest years of glaciology, with the first measurements dating back to the mid-19th century. Although temperature is a defining characteristic of any glacier – and is notoriously laborious to collect – no effort had yet been made to gather all existing measurements. In an attempt to make existing ice temperature data more accessible, we present glenglat, a global database of englacial temperature measurements, compiled from 241 literature sources and nine data submissions and composed of 1142163 measurements of depth and temperature from 690 boreholes located on 186 glaciers outside of the ice sheets. Alongside recent compilations for the ice sheets (Løkkegaard et al., 2023; Vandecrux et al., 2023), most published englacial temperature measurements are now readily available to the research community. Here, we review the variety of glacier thermal regimes that have been measured and summarize the spatial, temporal, and climatic coverage of measurements relative to global glacierized area. Measurements of cold and polythermal glacier ice greatly outnumber those of temperate ice. Overall, temperature has been measured in fewer than 1 ‰ of all glaciers, and only 20 % of borehole locations have been measured more than once, highlighting the large potential to investigate changing temperature conditions by repeating past measurements. The database is developed on GitHub (www.github.com/mjacqu/glenglat) and published to Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13334175; Jacquemart and Welty, 2024). It consists of four relational tables and detailed machine-actionable and human-readable metadata. The GitHub repository also provides submission instructions (including a spreadsheet template and validation tools), in the hopes that investigators can help us keep glenglat complete and current going forward. We hope that glenglat can help improve our understanding of glacier thermal regimes, help refine glacier thermo-dynamic models, or shed insight into hazardous glacier instabilities in a warming world.
A conservative immersed boundary method for the multi-physics urban large-eddy simulation model uDALES v2.0
Authors: Owens Sam O. , Majumdar Dipanjan , Wilson Chris E. , Bartholomew Paul , van Reeuwijk Maarten
Published: August 2024

Abstract. uDALES is an open-source multi-physics microscale urban modelling tool, capable of performing large-eddy simulation (LES) of urban airflow, heat transfer, and pollutant dispersion. We present uDALES v2.0, which has two main new features: (1) an improved parallelisation that prepares the codebase for conducting exascale simulations and (2) a conservative immersed boundary method (IBM) suitable for an urban surface that does not need to be aligned with the underlying Cartesian grid. The urban geometry and local topography are incorporated via a triangulated surface with a resolution that is independent of the fluid grid. The IBM developed here includes the use of wall functions to apply surface fluxes, and the exchange of heat and moisture between the surface and the air is conservative by construction. We perform a number of validation simulations, ranging from neutral, coupled internal–external flows and non-neutral cases. We observe close agreement with the relevant literature, both in cases in which the buildings are aligned with the Cartesian grid and when they are at an angle. We introduce a validation case specifically for urban applications, for which we show that supporting non-grid-aligned geometries is crucial when solving surface energy balances, with errors of up to 20 % associated with using a grid-aligned geometry.
The role of atmospheric conditions in the Antarctic sea ice extent summer minima
Authors: Mezzina Bianca , Goosse Hugues , Klein François , Barthélemy Antoine , Massonnet François
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Understanding the variability of Antarctic sea ice is still a challenge. After decades of modest growth, an unprecedented minimum in the sea ice extent (SIE) was registered in summer 2017, and, following years of anomalously low SIE, a new record was established in early 2022. These two memorable minima have received great attention as single cases, but a comprehensive analysis of summer SIE minima is currently lacking. Indeed, other similar events are present in the observational record, although they are minor compared to the most recent ones, and a full analysis of all summer SIE minima is essential to separate potential common drivers from event-specific dynamics in order to ultimately improve our understanding of the Antarctic sea ice and climate variability. In this work, we examine sea ice and atmospheric conditions during and before all summer SIE minima over the satellite period up to 2022. We use observations and reanalysis data and compare our main findings with results from an ocean–sea ice model (NEMO–LIM) driven by prescribed atmospheric fields from ERA5. Examining SIE and sea ice concentration (SIC) anomalies, we find that the main contributors to the summer minima are the Ross and Weddell sectors. However, the two regions play different roles, and the variability of the Ross Sea explains most of the minima, with typical negative SIE anomalies about twice as large as the ones in the Weddell Sea. Furthermore, the distribution of SIC anomalies is also different: in the Weddell Sea, they exhibit a dipolar structure, with increased SIC next to the continent and decreased SIC at the sea ice margin, while the Ross Sea displays a more homogenous decrease. We also examine the role of wintertime sea ice conditions before the summer SIE minima and find mixed results depending on the period: the winter conditions are relevant in the most recent events, after 2017, but they are marginal for previous years. Next, we consider the influence of the atmosphere on the SIE minima, which is shown to play a major role: after analyzing the anomalous atmospheric circulation during the preceding spring, we find that different large-scale anomalies can lead to similar regional prevailing winds that drive the summer minima. Specifically, the SIE minima are generally associated with dominant northwesterly anomalous winds in the Weddell Sea, while a southwesterly anomalous flow prevails in the Ross Sea. Finally, we investigate the relative contribution of dynamic (e.g., ice transport) and thermodynamic (e.g., local melting) processes to the summer minima. Our results indicate that the exceptional sea ice loss in both the Ross and Weddell sectors is dominated at the large scale by thermodynamic processes, while dynamics are also present but with a minor role.
How Qualified is Online Information Regarding Space Maintainers? A Content-quality and Readability Analysis
Authors: Akgün Semih Ercan
Published: August 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the reliability, quality, and readability of information regarding space maintainers on English websites using different scales.

Materials and Methods: The selected search terms 'space maintainer', 'band and loop', 'distal shoe space maintainer', 'nance appliance', and 'lingual arch' were searched by four search engines (Yahoo, Bing, Yandex, and Google), and 992 websites were recorded. The websites were evaluated using the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA), Quality Criteria for Consumer Health Information (DISCERN), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), and Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES) instruments.

Results: Among the 90 websites included in the study, Professional Health Organization (PHO) websites had significantly higher DISCERN scores in all sections and total (p<0.05) compared to other websites. There were no significant differences between websites regarding FKGL and FRES scores (p>0.05). Only 3 (3.3%) provided all JAMA criteria and PHO websites scored significantly higher than the others in almost all categories (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, web-based information regarding pediatric space maintainers was inadequate and scientifically imperfect. It is helpful to publish quality websites that contain reliable, high-quality information, and easy to understand by the patient

Keywords: Internet, space maintainers, information, quality
The Impact of Social Media on the Choice of Dental Implant Treatment
Authors: Akbulut Kuddusi , Akbulut Funda Gökçe
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Purpose: With the rapid spread of social media use, social media sharing has also become widespread in the field of healthcare. Social media sharing is also actively used in dentistry practices. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of information about dental implant treatment shared on social media on patients' treatment decision processes.
Materials and Methods: The study was designed as a web-based survey study. Individuals over the age of 18, who had no previous implant treatment history and who used social media were included.
Results: The online survey was conducted on a total of 401 participants, 355 women and 46 men. 41.1% of the participants stated that they first learned about the concept of dental implants from the dentist. A statistical connection was found between age and the social media application used (p=0,001). A statistically significant connection was found between education level and the first source of learning the term dental implant (p=0,044). A statistically significant connection was found between age and the effect of negative comments on social media on fears about implant treatment (p=0,018). A statistically significant connection was found between age and the effect of the brand/country of manufacture of the dental implant on the choice of dental implant (p=0,006).
Conclusions: Posts about dental implant treatment on social media have a direct impact on individuals' dental implant decision process. Social media platforms can be recommended to dentists as communication and marketing tools that can bring new patients.
Creative Third Space: Applying Creative Digital Marketing Practice Within Higher Education Settings
Authors:   , Dillon James
Published: August 2024

An investigation into the strategies of creative digital marketing practitioners who work in higher education, including how they adapt to continually changing conditions; apply creative techniques to push marketing conventions; and produce content that is both evocative and practical. Combining analytical and applied creative research, the thesis contributes to the fields of third space professionalism and professional creative practice through a new, applied, and tested process model and practice principles for what is termed ‘creative third space’. This outcome can be applied by creative professionals to navigate higher education contexts, negotiate priorities, build relationships, and produce innovative marketing and communications.
Adaptive Bayesian Algorithms for Complex State Space and Mathematical Models
Authors:   , Botha Imke
Published: August 2024

Calibrating statistical models to data can be a challenging task, particularly when the model is difficult or time consuming to evaluate. Methods that infer the parameters of these models often require significant practitioner effort and/or computational resources to run, or make simplifying assumptions about the model. This thesis develops novel parameter inference methods that address each of these issues. The new methods require minimal practitioner input, are faster to run, and can be applied in more general settings.
Design and Fabrication of Multi-Structural Scaffolds for the Treatment of Critical-Sized Bone Defects
Authors:   , Herath Buddhi
Published: August 2024

This thesis developed a standardized workflow for designing patient-specific bone scaffold implants to treat large bone defects. The design workflow combined generative design principles, numerical modelling, and 3D printing and was validated through application to both, retrospective and ongoing clinical cases. The resulting workflow enabled the user to design complex scaffolds in a time efficient manner and they demonstrated excellent patient fit.
Investigation of Three Policies in Promoting Ethnic Equity in Labour Market: Experimental Evidence
Authors:   , Hu Hairong
Published: August 2024

This thesis presents two online experiments to examine the effects of three policies aiming to reduce ethnic discrimination and promote equity in the labour market. The main outcomes suggest that anonymisation does not significantly impact managers’ decisions when there is a clear productivity signal, a soft affirmative action policy improves managers’ perceived performance and preferences for minority candidates, and an equal pay policy reduces ethnic selection and wage gaps in non-competitive markets but not in competitive ones.
Identification and Characterisation of Novel Iron Regulatory Molecules
Authors:   , Atkins Ryan
Published: August 2024

Iron imbalance poses significant health risks, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the proteins involved in iron homeostasis. This thesis focuses on identifying novel genes involved in the regulation of Ferroportin, the sole iron exporter protein. Using non-biased genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening technologies, several potential regulators of Ferroportin were identified. Further investigation using siRNA gene silencing methodologies and CRISPR-Cas9 mediated gene knockout elucidated the potential roles of four novel genes in Ferroportin modulation. Additionally, a surprising link between peroxisomes and Ferroportin regulation was uncovered. These findings offer promising avenues for understanding and treating iron-related disorders.
Goal-Directed Therapeutic Exercise in Paediatric Survivors of Posterior Fossa Brain Tumours
Authors:   , Kohler Brooke
Published: August 2024

This thesis investigated the role of goal-directed therapeutic exercise in enhancing the quality of survivorship in paediatric survivors of posterior fossa brain tumours. Goal-directed therapeutic exercise appears to be a safe and feasible approach to exercise therapy, and reported excellent participant satisfaction. The results demonstrated that goal-directed exercise is likely effective at improving cardiorespiratory fitness and goal attainment for survivors who underwent chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This research addressed the significant knowledge gap in the application of a goal-directed approach to therapeutic exercise in childhood cancer survivors.
The Development of an Effective Vaccine to Protect Against Female Genital Tract Chlamydial Infections
Authors:   , Trim Logan
Published: August 2024

This thesis presents the development of a vaccine to protect against disease associated with genital infection of Chlamydia trachomatis. It utilized a human-informed data driven approach to design and develop vaccines with identification and validation of a successful vaccine that can effectively reduce Chlamydia infection in animal models. The development of this vaccine offers hope of reducing the global health burden of this common sexually transmitted infection.
ԱԳՐՈՊԱՐԵՆԱՅԻՆ ՀԱՄԱԿԱՐԳԻ ԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՄԱՆ ԿԱԶՄԱԿԵՐՊԱՏՆՏԵՍԱԿԱՆ ԿԱՌՈՒՑԱԿԱՐԳԵՐԻ ՄԻՋԱԶԳԱՅԻՆ ՓՈՐՁԸ ԵՎ ԿԻՐԱՌԵԼԻՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀՆԱՐԱՎՈՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԸ ՀՀ-ՈՒՄ / INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND POSSIBILITIES OF APPLICABILITY OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISMS OF AGRICULTURE SYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN RA
Authors: VOSKANYAN ASHOT , MALKHASYAN KARINE
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and practical provisions on the
organizational and economic mechanisms of the management of the agro-food system, as
well as to develop an applicable and modern scheme of the organizational management
system of the agrarian sector of RA based on the research and localization of international
experience.
The problems of the article are: highlighting the main principles of the formation of the
organizational and economic mechanism of the management of the RA agro-food system:
stability, addressability, guarantee, clear distribution of powers and provision of equal
conditions of competition, taking into account international experience and global development
trends, as well as developing key milestones and setting improvement directions.
The article used dialectical, scientific methods of elimination, comparative analysis and
logical methods.
Based on the conclusions made as a result of the research, a new approach to defining
the concept of agro-food system management was proposed, that is: the management mechanism of the agro-food system is a continuous and systematic process of changing the
existing system and its subsystems, which stems from the need for a targeted and complex
solution to management problems, as well as from the objective requirements of the effective
operation and further development of the agrarian sector. Based on it a new scheme of the
organizational management system of the RA agrarian sector was developed.