bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Direitos sem dinheiro: Do Novo Regime Fiscal à COVID-19
Authors: Lelis Davi Augusto Santana de
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho aborda a disputa entre a concretização de direitos e a financeirização do Estado brasileiro, tendo por foco a análise do discurso econômico e a estrutura jurídica do Novo Regime Fiscal, vigente desde 2016. Questiona-se se o Novo Regime Fiscal é constitucional e se sua vigência impacta a concretização de direitos, durante a pandemia da COVID-19. A análise é realizada por meio de levantamento histórico, de dados orçamentários e da interpretação jurídica, tendo por instrumento a teoria da ideologia constitucionalmente adotada, que afirma não existir na Constituição uma única ideologia econômica e sim uma pluralidade de possibilidades para se concretizar o Estado de bem-estar social. Constata se que, dentre as vertentes econômicas que disputam o orçamento público, quais sejam a economia da ética e a da engenharia, há predominância da última na normatização jurídica e na formação orçamentária, o que permite constatar a redução da concretização de direitos tanto em tempos ordinários, quanto em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19.Palavras-Chave: Novo Regime Fiscal; COVID-19; Direito à saúde.
Creating Equal Opportunities through Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Bozaykut-Buk Tuba , Titiz Serra
Published: December 2020

Giving priority to creating value for sustainable development rather than accepting the dominance of the profit-centered perspective has been gaining more momentum. Within this changing perspective, social entrepreneurs are the most notable group, whose innovative initiatives create valuable contributions by becoming pioneer forces required for economic and social development. Further, their efforts in showing the significance of social value creation result in a new business model, “social business.” Although the social business shares some common features with the traditional business, the social business differentiates itself by acting as a social change actor accompanied by a socially sensitive mission, a hybrid flexible design, innovative ways of finding/using resources for creating new solutions to needs. Thereby, this study aims to understand the features of social business models together with their contribution to social inclusion and creating equal opportunities for all in terms of a developing country context.
The Role of Social Entrepreneurship in Women's Empowerment
Authors: Acar Erdur Duygu
Published: December 2020

This chapter discusses the role of social entrepreneurship in one of the long-lasting challenges of all cultures, women's empowerment. Empowering women is critical for development, and more importantly, it's a human rights issue. However, especially in developing country contexts, governments, international and non-governmental organizations may fall short to address the issue effectively. In this respect, social entrepreneurship may be an alternative to offer inclusive solutions. This chapter aims to generate a deeper understanding of how social entrepreneurship creates social value about women's empowerment. Following the qualitative methodology, a successful entrepreneurial initiative in Turkey, Çöp(m)adam is examined. Findings demonstrate that Çöp(m)adam contributes to both women's economic and psychological empowerment.
NB-IoT for 5G
Authors: Sharma Laxmi
Published: December 2020

It is expected that internet of things (IoT) will deal with the major activities in the connected living environment as well as the industrial processes. All these aspects are going to be real in the frameworks of the fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks. 5G-based narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) networks have the capability to serve various innovative IoT applications at a great extent. NB-IoT is third generation partnership project (3GPP) standardized low power wide area (LPWA) technology which is designed for IoT devices requiring long battery life, low cost, worldwide coverage, and high system capacity. To improve the performance, 3GPP has agreed that the NB-IoT will continue evolving as part of the 5G specifications. NB-IoT along with 5G will work in several connected living applications. This combination will also be very useful in the industrial environments which need high data rates and low latency. All these features will be supported by 5G in the future. Similarly, applications with low data rates in the IoT world will be supported by NB-IoT. So 5G and NB-IoT are going to be a popular combination for several new applications.
Fuzzy Goal Programming With Interval Type-2 for Solving Multi-Objective Sustainable Supplier Selection Problems
Authors: UMARUSMAN Nurullah
Published: December 2020

Supply chain management is going on changing and developing in line with the needs of the growing global supply chain. Performance of supply chain, considered as a whole so that businesses can accommodate these evolvements and change, needs to be improved in the long run. Actually, businesses work with suppliers complying with their policies from past to present. However, other dimensions of sustainability should be considered, as well as economic criteria when selecting suppliers. With the right supplier selection made in this respect, by contributing to the efficient functioning of the supply chain, it will increase customer satisfaction, and therefore, the enterprises will reach the goals they set. The solution of the multi-objective sustainable supplier selection problem has been realized by using the “satisfied optimal supplier design” algorithm, also called fuzzy goal programming, with de novo-based interval type-2 proposed in this study.
Setting the Aware Agenda of the COVID-19 Health Emergency
Authors: Spalletta Marica , Fanara Dario , De Rosa Paola
Published: December 2020

Among its main goals, crisis management aims at promoting people awareness in respect of the crisis which they are going to face or in which they are already involved. In order to do that, it uses a wide range of communication tools, among which, over the last decade, social media have proved to be of paramount importance. Based on these premises, the chapter analyses a very meaningful case of crisis communication, which consists of the social media coverage of the early stages of the COVID-19 emergency coming from Italian national and local institutions. The media content analysis carried out on Facebook and Twitter confirms a communication strategy aimed at creating people awareness in respect of the health emergency, suggesting citizens which conducts they need to stop or adopt. However, the analysis also shows that the goal of crisis awareness represents the first step of a wider agenda coming from the Institutions' social posting, which aims at transferring their awareness to citizenship and, as a consequence, inspiring citizens' own responsibility.
Social Network Analysis
Authors: Chen Yuh-Wen
Published: December 2020

Social network analysis (SNA) is an attractive problem for a long time when social communities were popular since 2010. Scholars like to explore the meaning behind the numerous interactions generated at these social media sites. The primary and essential issue of SNA is to monitor, estimate, and engage the potential influencers who are most relevant and active to network. If we can analyze the social network this way, business enterprises could use minimal efforts to sustain the activity of influential users, improve sales, and enhance their reputations. In this chapter, a research framework based on multiple-criteria decision making (MCDM) is proposed. The authors will show how scholars could use dynamic self-organizing map (SOM) based on multiple-objective evolving algorithm (MOEA) and static weighted influence non-linear gauge system (WINGS) to analyze a social network. Finally, comparisons are made between the innovative approaches and the methods in tradition.
Political Campaign Communication in the Information Age
Authors: Merkovity Norbert
Published: December 2020

According to scholars, the use of mediatization could be understood as communicative representation of politicians. From this perspective, the concept of mediatization in politics is not an automatism, it is a functional principle of media, more preferably the social media. To understand this activity of politicians on social media, the online attributes of broadcasting media could be conceptualized as self-mediatization of politics. The chapter will look through some of the most used concepts in political communication that aim to interpret the communicative nature of politicians in online campaigns. The used communication techniques on social media set the focus of analysis on the insufficiency of above-mentioned concepts). Besides presenting the main difficulties of basic concepts, this chapter aims to introduce the phenomenon of attention-based politics as a possible solution to research on political campaign communication in information era.
Efficacy of Organizational Learning and Social Capital in Online Communities of Practice
Authors: Gürsoy Serkan , Yücelen Murat
Published: December 2020

This chapter deals with the evolution of communities of practice by considering two key components which facilitate knowledge sharing: Organizational Learning and Social Capital. Dualities and intersections between the building blocks of these two components are investigated by discussing organizational learning in its explorative and exploitative forms, while considering social capital in its bridging and bonding forms. As a critical contemporary step of evolution, information and communication technologies are also elaborated in order to examine the impact of constant and instant tools on these facilitators of knowledge sharing. The study aims to derive proxies among these components of organizational learning and social capital in order to design an integrated framework that reflects the nature of online communities of practice.
Nurturing Collaborative Networks of Mobile Learning Researchers and Practitioners
Authors: Cochrane Thomas , Narayan Vickel
Published: December 2020

In this article, we present the development of a framework for supporting and facilitating collaborative networks of reflective practice using mobile social media. Developed throughout a two-year collaborative mobile learning project #NPF14LMD, the framework has subsequently been used to support two wider international networks of mobile learning researchers and practitioners. The #NPF14LMD project was a national project comprised of three universities and three polytechnics across New Zealand. One of the goals of the #NPF14LMD project was to create a collaborative network of practice across the six institutions participating in the project. The network provided a support and communication structure linking the six institutional communities of practice, enabling sharing of their experiences and a sense of belonging to a wider national and international community. This article outlines the use of mobile social media to facilitate the #NPF14LMD network, and the subsequent application of this framework to support two international networks.
How Do We Interact in Collaborative Virtual Reality?
Authors: Peña Pérez Negrón Adriana
Published: December 2020

Nonverbal interaction includes most of what we do; the interaction resulted from other means than words or their meaning. In computer-mediated interaction, the richness of face-to-face interaction has not been completely achieved. However, multiuser virtual reality, a computer-generated environment that allows users to share virtual spaces and virtual objects through their graphic representation, is a highly visual technology in which nonverbal interaction is better supported when compared with other media. Still, like in any technology media, interaction is accomplished distinctively due to technical and design issues. In collaborative virtual reality, the analysis of nonverbal interaction represents a helpful mechanism to support feedback in teaching or training scenarios, to understand collaborative behavior, or to improve this technology. This chapter discussed the characteristics of nonverbal interaction in virtual reality, presenting advances in the automatic interpretation of the users' nonverbal interaction while a spatial task is collaboratively executed.
Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) and Anticipated Performance Index (API) of plants found in Matara city area, Sri Lanka: An approach for recommending plants for landscaping city areas
Authors: Rajakaruna R. K. M. J. M. , Masakorala K.
Published: December 2020

This study aims to recommend plant species for urban landscaping based on a biomonitoring study accompanied by comparison of Air Pollution Tolerance Indices (APTI) and Anticipated Performance Indices (API) of five tree species (Mangifera indica, Muntingia calabura, Cassia fistula, Azadirachta indica, Ficus benjamina) and four ornamental species (Bougainvillea spectabilis, Ixora coccinea, Ervatamia coronaria, Nerium indicum) found in Matara city area, Sri lanka. APTI was determined by combining the four biochemical and physiological parameters Relative water content (RWC), Total chlorophyll content (TChl), Ascorbic acid content (AA) and Leaf extract pH using a pre-defined formula. Each parameter of all the species was compared with that of it for the control site, Wellamadama premises of University of Ruhuna. Results suggested that RWC, TChl and pH were lower, and AA was higher for the city area in comparison to control site. APTI varied in the decreasing orders C. fistula (13.09), A. indica (11.23), M. indica (11.12), F. benjamina (10.68), M. calabura (9.12) for tree species and E. coronaria (10.22), I. coccinea (10.20), N. indicum (8.85), B. spectabilis (8.43) for ornamental species. Based on APTI, M. indica, C. fistula, A. indica were intermediately tolerant and other species were sensitive to air pollution. The calculated API values suggest, M. indica is ‘excellent’, C. fistula is ‘very good’, F. benjamina and A. indica are ‘good’ and M. calabura is ‘moderate’ in their suitability to be planted on urban landscape as tree species. API values of the tested ornamental plant species showed that B. spectabilis, I. coccinea, E. coronaria as ‘moderate’ and N. indicum as ‘poor’ for urban landscaping. The overall results highlight the suitability of APTI and API as simple, inexpensive, and convenient methods for recommending plant species for urban areas with sound automobile pollution.
Il dilemma dell’ultimo letto: allocazione di risorse limitate in rianimazione
Authors: Giannini Alberto
Published: December 2020

La rianimazione moderna è una disciplina dalle prestazioni estremamente dispendiose ma poco “produttiva” in termini meramente economici: essa infatti offre benefici ad alto costo a pochi “utenti”. In un contesto generale di riduzione delle risorse destinabili alla sanità diviene cruciale, in un settore così particolare come quello dell’area critica, la riflessione etica in merito ai criteri per la microallocazione di risorse limitate.

In questo articolo, dopo aver affrontato natura e finalità dell’attività rianimatoria, vengono inizialmente prese in considerazione le possibili cause di una riduzione della disponibilità di posti letto in rianimazione, le modalità con cui abitualmente i medici affrontano le condizioni di ridotta disponibilità di risorse, e le linee guida per affrontare situazioni di triage.

Il processo decisionale nell’impiego delle risorse sanitarie deve partire da un rigoroso “criterio clinico” (necessità e idoneità alle cure rianimatorie, urgenza, ecc.), unitamene al criterio della proporzionalità dei mezzi terapeutici. Di fronte a situazioni di pari necessità possono essere seguiti il cosiddetto criterio di temporalità (offrire cure a chi è giunto per primo all’osservazione del medico) o il criterio prognostico (utilizzare le risorse disponibili per chi ha maggiori chance di trarne beneficio). I sistemi a punteggio impiegati in campo rianimatorio per predire l’outcome non sono attualmente utilizzabili nel processo decisionale per il singolo paziente e nelle procedure di triage.

Ribadendo che l’azione del medico, in tutti i suoi ambiti, deve essere eticamente pensata, si sottolinea come esista un dovere morale ad amministrare in modo corretto le risorse sanitarie, a limitare gli sprechi e a prevenire le situazioni di triage.
Evaluation of amblyopic eyes with optical coherence tomography angiography and electrophysiological tests
Authors: Hamurcu Mualla , Ekinci Cansu , Koca Semra , Tugcu Betul
Published: December 2020

Purpose:

To investigate the structural and functional changes of the retina and optic nerve in amblyopia.

Methods:

Eighteen patients with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia and 27 age-matched healthy controls were involved in this study. All patients underwent optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), pattern visual evoked potential (pVEP), and flash electroretinogram (fERG).

Results:

There was no statistically significant difference in terms of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), perifoveal superficial density, whole superficial density, parafoveal deep density, perifoveal deep density among the eyes (P > 0 0.05). Significant differences were found only in superficial capillary plexus (SCP) vessel density in whole (P = 0.029) and parafoveal (P = 0.008) image. In electrophysiological tests, while VEP latencies of the amblyopic eyes increased compared to nonamblyopic eyes and controls (P = 0.027), VEP amplitudes decreased in amblyopic and nonamblyopic eyes compared to controls (P = 0.01), amplitudes of the rod (P = 0.027) and cones (P < 0.001) also decreased in amblyopic eyes compared to nonamblyopic and healthy eyes. When we assessed the correlation between the parameters of OCTA and electrophysiological test, only a significant correlation was found between parafoveal SCP vessel density and VEP amplitudes (r = 0.341).

Conclusion:

We found a significant decrease only in SCP vessel density of the OCTA parameters in amblyopic eyes compared to healthy eyes. We detected a significant relationship between parafoveal SCP vessel density and VEP parameters, which might be associated with the underlying pathophysiology of the amblyopia.
Comparative evaluation of qualitative performance of technical human resource in school eye health program
Authors: Dole Kuldeep S , Deshpande Anukool S , Deshpande Madan D , Thakur Rasika R
Published: December 2020

Purpose:

To measure sensitivity and specificity of vision screeners in identifying children with visual impairment and positive signs and symptoms and assess association of effectiveness with individual characteristics of screeners and type of schools screened.

Methods:

A total of 1096 children from age 5 to 15 years of age were screened. A total of 396 children were screened from a municipal school, 200 children from a government-aided school, and 500 children from a private school were screened. Four persons with basic 12th standard science qualification willing to be a part of school eye health program were selected who carried out screening in school children after receiving appropriate training.

Results:

The two vision screeners who had a background of conducting community eye health programs and worked in eye hospital had 100% sensitivity and specificity for presenting visual acuity, squint detection, and blurring. The screening by these screeners was done in private and semi-private schools, respectively. The other two screeners with no such background conducting screening in government schools had 60% and 75% sensitivity in detecting presenting visual acuity, respectively.

Conclusion:

People with a background of organizing community eye health programs and those working in eye hospitals are the best candidates for being trained as new cadre of vision screeners with best results being obtained in private and government-aided schools.
Atypical optic neuritis
Authors: Sarkar Prathama , Mehtani Amit , Gandhi H C , Dubey Vinita , Tembhurde Parag Maroti , Gupta Mohit Kumar
Published: December 2020

Optic neuritis (ON) refers to conditions that involve inflammation of the optic nerve. Various autoantibodies have been found, which are associated with central nervous system inflammatory disorders and have provided much information about the immune targets and mechanisms that impact the prognosis, treatment, and recurrence of atypical ON. Therefore, neurologists and ophthalmologists together should work to find out clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings that may provide important clues to the etiology of atypical ON and its management. Various biomarkers have been identified to confirm and distinguish atypical optic neuritis from others. The purpose of this review is to present the current scenario of atypical ON and its clinical management.
Population Attributable Fraction of Helicobacter pylori Infection–Related Gastric Cancer in Korea: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Park Yoon , Ki Moran
Published: December 2020

Purpose This study aimed to determine the proportion of gastric cancer attributable to Helicobactor pylori in the Korean population. Infection with H. pylori has been recognized as the most significant risk factor for gastric cancer. In Korea, gastric cancer is the most common cancer that accounted for 13.3% of all cancers in 2016. In particular, men are most commonly diagnosed with gastric cancer; the age-standardized incidence rate in men is 49.6 per 100,000, which is more than twice the incidence in women.Materials and Methods The population attributable fraction (PAF) was calculated as a function of the relative risk (RR) of gastric cancer associated with H. pylori infections. To estimate PAF of gastric cancer due to H. pylori, the prevalence of H. pylori infections was extrapolated for the year of 1990 and a pooled RR was obtained by conducting a meta-analysis of studies recently published in Korea.Results The estimated prevalence of H. pylori was 76.4% in men and 71.9% in women. The RRs (95% confidence interval) pooled from case-control studies using a random effects model was 1.69 (1.29-2.22) for overall gastric cancer and 2.17 (1.04-4.55) for non-cardia gastric cancer. Using the RR for overall gastric cancer, the estimated PAFs due to H. pylori were 34.5% in men and 33.2% in women.Conclusion The occurrence of gastric cancer in Koreans may be affected by other risk factors in addition to H. pylori infection, which may contribute to increasing baseline risk for gastric cancer.
A Novel Method of Optimization for Stochastic Control System
Authors: Wen Yupeng
Published: December 2020

Stochastic phenomena widely exist in the nature and real dynamic systems. The existence of random phenomena will make the system performance degrade greatly, and even cause instability. For the sake of improving the stability of stochastic control system, this paper proposed a novel method of optimization for stochastic control system by control model and max-plus algebraic algorithm. The simulation results indicate that the optimization method can effectively optimize the stochastic system. The input of the stochastic control system is stable to a certain extent, which weakens the random interference of the input signal in the external environment, thus improving the stability of the stochastic control system.
Finansal Kapsayıcılığın Gelişmesinde Katılım Bankacılığının Rolü: Katılım Bankacılığı Finansal Kapsayıcılık Endeksinin Hesaplanması
Authors: GÜNDÜZ Murat , ÖZYILDIRIM Yunus
Published: December 2020

Gelişmekte olan ekonomilerde tüm yetişkinlerin finansal ürün ve hizmetlere erişebildiği ve tasarruflarını finansal araçlarla sağladığı bir piyasa oluşturmak politika yapıcılar ve düzenleyiciler için bir öncelik haline gelmektedir. Dini inanışlarını gerekçe göstererek kendilerine uygun finansal ürün ve hizmetlerin bulunmadığını veya kısıtlı olarak bulunduğunu düşünen ve bundan dolayı kendilerini finansal hizmetlerden dışlayan yetişkinlerin finansal sisteme dahil edilmesi finansal kapsayıcılık boyutunun artmasında büyük öneme sahiptir. Sarma’nın (2008) literatüre kazandırdığı finansal kapsayıcılık endeksi ile bankacılık hizmetlerinin erişilebilirlik, kullanılabilirlik ve kullanım boyutları üzerinden finansal kapsayıcılığın ölçülmesi mümkün hale gelmiştir. Endeks 0 ile 1 arasında değerler almakta ve 0 finansal kapsayıcılığın dışında kalındığını1 ise finansal kapsayıcılığın tam olarak sağlandığını göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada 2007-2019 yıllarını kapsayan Türkiye’deki 81 il için Katılım Bankacılığı için finansal kapsayıcılık endeksi oluşturulmuştur. Oluşturulan endeks değerlerinin genel olarak çok düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu da Katılım Bankacılığının henüz illerde yeni yeni yaygınlaşmaya başlamasıyla açıklanabilir. Katılım Bankacılığı finansal kapsayıcılık endeksi değerlerine göre en yüksek finansal kapsayıcılığa sahip üç ilin İstanbul, Ankara ve Konya olduğu en düşük finansal kapsayıcılığa sahip üç ilin ise Hakkari, Artvin ve Tunceli olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Muslim Students' Understanding about Interconnection of Gravity in Science and the Qur'an
Authors: Amalia Kamila , Suliyanah Suliyanah
Published: December 2020

Gravity is known as a discovery made by Sir Isaac Newton. Long before this theory was put forward, the Qur'an came down first, and some verses indicated the existence of gravity, but not everyone understood these signs. There are still many Islamic schools in Indonesia that have not yet studied science by relating the Qur'an. This study aims to determine the extent of Muslim students' understanding and to find out what Muslim students think about gravitational interconnection in science and the Qur'an. This research used descriptive qualitative research methods. The research data were obtained from interviews and questionnaires. Participants in this study were fifty participants, namely students from the Al-Amin Islamic Boarding School, Mojokerto, East Java. The results of this study indicate that the majority of students have a good understanding of Newton's gravitational interconnection in Science and the Qur'an. Most of the respondents argue that Newton's idea of ​​gravity is related to the verses of the Qur'an, especially QS Al-Hajj 22:65, QS Al-Mursalat 77:25, QS Maryam 16:25, and QS Al-Qori'ah verses 1-5. This research can make Muslim students improve their understanding of gravity in science and the Qur'an and also increase their piety to God.
Kritike međunarodne zajednice prema Hrvatskoj 1995. – 1999.
Authors: Radović Kapor Ana , Filipović Vladimir
Published: December 2020

U članku se analiziraju kritike usmjerene prema Republici Hrvatskoj koje su dolazile iz međunarodne zajednice u razdoblju od završetka operacije Oluja 1995. do kraja 1999. Pojam međunarodna zajednica shvaćen je kao paradigmatski okvir unutar kojega se formira stanoviti dominantni narativ. Analizirana su izvješća koja su objavljivale različite institucije: OESS, Human Rights Watch, američki State Department. Uz to,
analizirana je arhiva novina New York Times u predmetnom razdoblju kao primjer sukreatora javnog narativa. Članak je podijeljen prema temama kritike koje su uočene u istraženim izvorima: položaj Srba i povrat izbjeglica, ljudska i manjinska prava, medijske slobode, manjkavosti demokracije i provedba Daytonskog sporazuma.
Módulo 3 / CURSO: Principios básicos de publicaciones científicas.
Authors: by PANLAR Global Rheumatology
Published: December 2020

Módulo 3 - Desde la Submission hasta la Aceptación
MAIO DE 2019: uma luta por reconhecimento diante da desconstrução do valor social da universidade
Authors: Cavicchia Fernanda
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho analisa as manifestações de ruas ocorridas no Brasil em maio de 2019 a partir da teoria de luta por reconhecimento, de Axel Honneth, a fim de apontar os elementos morais que motivaram os atos de protesto. Buscou-se mostrar que os discursos e ações do governo do presidente Jair Bolsonaro, de desprezo pelo meio acadêmico e científico, fizeram surgir na população universitária brasileira um sentimento de desrespeito, impulsionando a luta em defesa do valor social em desconstrução. Como procedimentos metodológicos, fez-se um resgate dos discursos e das ações do governo Bolsonaro para elencar as investidas contra a educação e o meio universitário e, posteriormente, analisou-se a linguagem utilizada pelos manifestantes durante os protestos de 15 e 30 de maio. De posse do material coletado e posteriores interpretações, identificou-se que, das três etapas de reconhecimento definidas na teoria (amor, direito e solidariedade), o movimento de desvalorização social do meio acadêmico posto em prática pelo governo acontece na esfera da solidariedade, com potencial de deslocamento para o âmbito jurídico. Buscou-se nas declarações do governo Bolsonaro as ofensas e degradações dirigidas à universidade, assim como foi examinada a linguagem dos protestos, visando indicar as expressões de uma reafirmação da identidade individual em resposta ao reconhecimento ameaçado.
Pregnancy Outcomes in COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort Study in Singapore
Authors: Mattar Citra NZ , Kalimuddin Shirin , Sadarangani Sapna P , Tagore Shephali , Thain Serene , Thoon Koh Cheng , Hong Eliane Y , Kanneganti Abhiram , Ku Chee Wai , Chan Grace MF , Lee Kelvin ZX , Yap Jeannie JY , Tan Shaun S , Yan Benedict , Young Barnaby E , Lye David C , Anderson Danielle E , Yang Liying , Su Lin Lin , Somani Jyoti , Tan Lay-Kok , Choolani Mahesh A , Chan Jerry KY
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Pregnant women are reported to be at increased risk of severe coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to underlying immunosuppression during pregnancy. However,
the clinical course of COVID-19 in pregnancy and risk of vertical and horizontal transmission
remain relatively unknown. We aim to describe and evaluate outcomes in pregnant women
with COVID-19 in Singapore.
Methods: Prospective observational study of 16 pregnant patients admitted for COVID-19
to 4 tertiary hospitals in Singapore. Outcomes included severe disease, pregnancy loss, and
vertical and horizontal transmission.
Results: Of the 16 patients, 37.5%, 43.8% and 18.7% were infected in the first, second and third
trimesters, respectively. Two gravidas aged ≥35 years (12.5%) developed severe pneumonia; one
patient (body mass index 32.9kg/m2) required transfer to intensive care. The median duration
of acute infection was 19 days; one patient remained reverse transcription polymerase chain
reaction (RT-PCR) positive >11 weeks from diagnosis. There were no maternal mortalities.
Five pregnancies produced term live-births while 2 spontaneous miscarriages occurred at 11
and 23 weeks. RT-PCR of breast milk and maternal and neonatal samples taken at birth were
negative; placenta and cord histology showed non-specific inflammation; and severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific immunoglobulins were elevated
in paired maternal and umbilical cord blood (n=5).
Conclusion: The majority of COVID-19 infected pregnant women had mild disease and only
2 women with risk factors (obesity, older age) had severe infection; this represents a slightly
higher incidence than observed in age-matched non-pregnant women. Among the women
who delivered, there was no definitive evidence of mother-to-child transmission via breast
milk or placenta.

Keywords: Pregnancy outcomes, maternal morbidity, mother-child transmission,
SARS-CoV-2, transferred immunity
What Are Enterprises’ Growth Indices Implications? The Case of Food Firms Listed on the Hanoi Stock Exchange
Authors:   Faculty of Accounting, University of Labor and Social Affairs, Vietnam, Ngoc Doan Thi Nguyet
Published: December 2020

The study investigates growth indices of food firms listed on the Hanoi stock exchange (HNX), which is one of the basic characteristics of firm performance. The study employs a set of aggregated data from 15 food firms listed on the HNX. At the same time, the study also receives comments from experts experienced in the research field. We have performed some descriptive analysis, compared with support by software Stata13 to evaluate and measure growth indices of food firms listed on the HNX. The results show that there is a difference in growth indices of food firms listed on the HNX. For each enterprise, there is little change in charter capital in the period 2015-2019. Firms with 10% or more foreign ownership account for a relatively low proportion of these enterprises.
Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi terhadap Efektivitas Pelayanan Pegawai Kantor Camat Kota Utara Kota Gorontalo
Authors: Rahmisyari Rahmisyari
Published: December 2020

The Effect of Organizational Climate on the Effectiveness of Employee Services at the North Kota Camat Office, Gorontalo City, The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the Effect of Organizational Climate on the Effectiveness of Employee Services. This study used a sample of 33 respondents, the questionnaire was used as a primary data collection tool and the data were analyzed using a path analysis tool. Based on the results of this study that the organizational climate consisting of Responsibilities (X1), Awards (X2) and Support (X3), simultaneously had a positive and significant effect on employee service effectiveness (Y) of 0.799 or 79.9% and the remaining 20 , 1% is determined by other factors not examined. The variable of responsibility (X1) partially has a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of employee services (Y) of 0.451, the variable of appreciation (X2) partially has a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of employee services (Y) of 0.380 and the variable of support (X3) partial positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of employee services (Y) of 0.323
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Sebelum dan Sesudah Initial Public Offering (IPO)
Authors: Dewi Linda Novita , Jhoansyah Dicky , Komariah Kokom
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an increase or not on the financial performance of the property, real estate and building construction sector which conducted in IPO 2017 on the Indonesia stock exchange. The research method used in this study is a quantitative research method with a descriptive analysis approach. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique with predetermined criteria. Of the 6 issuers conducting IPOs in 2017, there were 4 companies selected as research samples. Data collection techniques in this research is the study of literature and documentation. Data analysis techniques used in this study are horizontal analysis with liquidity ratios, activities, solvency and profitability using the CR, cash ratio, TATO, DER, LTDtER, ROA, and ROE models. The result of this study indicate an increase and decrease in financial performance after the IPO in each sample if measured using CR, cash ratio, TATO, DER LTDtER, ROA and ROE.
BRASIL NA ANTÁRTICA, OS PRÓXIMOS 30 ANOS
Authors: Câmara Paulo Eduardo A.S. , Melo Renato Batista de
Published: December 2020

O Brasil assinou o Tratado Antártico em 1975, porém tornou-se membro consultivo apenas em 1983, após a criação do programa brasileiro de Pesquisas Científicas na Antártica (PROANTAR). O artigo IX do tratado prevê que apenas países que façam pesquisas científicas de alta qualidade na Antártica possuem direito de voto sobre o futuro desse continente. Desde então, o Brasil desenvolve pesquisas científicas de forma ininterrupta em diferentes regiões da Antártica, mesmo após a perda da estação Antártica Comandante Ferraz, consumida em um incêndio. Atualmente a Antártica é tida como um santuário dedicado a paz e a ciência e diferentes reinvindicações territoriais feitas no passado não são reconhecidas. No entanto, esta situação poderá mudar em 2048, quando cair a moratória de exploração dos recursos minerais. Neste trabalho, apresentamos um breve panorama do PROANTAR e as dificuldades que esse programa tem enfrentado e propomos uma reflexão sobre a posição do Brasil diante das mudanças que poderão ocorrer daqui a exatos 30 anos no âmbito do Tratado Antártico.
GEOPOLÍTICA E GEOESTRATÉGIA APLICADAS AO TERRITÓRIO BRASILEIRO NO PERÍODO DO REGIME MILITAR
Authors: De Araújo Gilvan Charles Cerqueira
Published: December 2020

A Geoestratégia é um dos ramos mais profícuos dos estudos geopolíticos envolvendo,dentre outras questões, áreas como a economia, etnografia, geomorfologia,sociologia e outras ciências correlatas à Geografia aplicada ao poder territorial.Neste artigo, apresentam-se algumas destas questões envolvendo a Geoestratégiano caso do território brasileiro, que passou por diferentes visões e propostas dedomínio, controle e exploração, especialmente no período de vigência do RegimeMilitar, pós período desenvolvimentista. Espera-se, com a discussão proposta,apresentar uma colaboração para os estudos geoestratégicos, especialmenteaqueles envolvendo o espaço geográfico brasileiro.
Gambaran Coping Strategies pada Mahasiswa Universitas Padjadjaran
Authors: Nursadrina Ananda Nadhifasya , Andriani Dhini
Published: December 2020

Stres berkaitan dengan kehidupan mahasiswa. Ketika tidak diatasi dengan tepat, resiko berbagai permasalahan dapat terjadi, mulai dari performa akademik hingga kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, coping strategies menjadi penting. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu jenis coping strategies yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara online dan menggunakan convenient sampling diperoleh 339 responden mahasiswa Universitas Padjadjaran. Coping strategies diukur menggunakan COPE Inventory yang telah diadaptasi ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa coping strategy yang paling sering digunakan oleh mahasiswa Universitas Padjadjaran adalah turning to religion yang kemudian diikuti oleh positive reinterpretation and growth. Maladaptive coping strategies seperti focusing on and venting of emotion serta mental disengagement masih kerap digunakan sehingga diperlukan solusi untuk mengurangi strategi-strategi tersebut. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat mengeksplorasi lebih lanjut mengenai keefektivan coping strategies dengan mempertimbangkan tingkat stres yang dialami individu, dan melihat hubungannya dengan disposisional dan situasional coping strategies.Abstract. Stress is a part of college students’ lives. If students do not cope well with stress, there would be higher risks of problems, ranging from academic performance to a health problem. How individuals cope with stress is called coping strategies. This research aimed to find out what kind of coping strategies used by students of Universitas Padjadjaran. Data consist of 339 students selected through convenient sampling was collected through online forms. Coping strategies were measured using the COPE Inventory. The most used coping strategy among students is turning to religion, which was followed by positive reinterpretation and growth. Maladaptive coping strategies, such as focusing on and venting of emotion and mental disengagement, were still commonly used. This called for a solution to reduce the use of such strategies. Next, studies can further investigate the effectiveness of coping strategies by looking at the stress level experienced and its link to both dispositional and situational coping strategies.
The state of Vitamin D in Iraqi Patients With Parkinson Disease
Authors: Hatem Aqeel Kareem
Published: December 2020

Background: A role for vitamin D deficiency in Parkinson disease (PD) has recently been suggested.

Objective:: To estimate the state of vitamin D in PD with an age-matched healthy control.

Type of the study: A case control study.

Method: The study randomly comparison of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) concentrations of collected samples in a clinical neurology department ward / Baghdad teaching hospital / Medical City and Parkinson disease movement disorder clinic. Participants were registered into the study from October 2015 to October 2016. We was study   serum vitamin D level in 40 consecutive patients with Parkinson disease and 40 age-matched healthy controls after matching for age, sex, race, and geographic location. Occurrence of suboptimal vitamin D 25(OH) concentrations in Parkinson patients.

Results: Significantly, more patients with PD (62.5%) had deficient vitamin D than did controls (27.5%). The mean 25(OH) D concentration in PD was (18.09) significantly lower than in the control (24.89)..

Conclusions: This study demonstrates a significantly lower vitamin D level in PD than healthy controls. These data support a possible role of vitamin D deficiency in PD.
Depression Among Elderly Patients /Mosul City
Authors: Alyasiri Abdul Rasoul
Published: December 2020

Background: Depression in elderly aged (60 year and above )is a widespread mental health problem . The current primary healthcare systeminadequately recognize and treat elderly  patients with depression..

Objectives:To determine the prevalence of depression among elderly patientsin Mosul city, its correlation with some sociodemographic variablesand to assess severity of depression in relation to past history of depression.

Type of the study: This is a cross-sectional study.

Methods: This study assess the  prevalence of depression in a randomly selected sample 150 elderly patients aged 60 years and above (89 female & 61 male) who attended the geriatric clinic in Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital /Mosul City  between the 1st/March /2014 to the 10th /June 2014.A short form of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) the Arabic version was used to assess depressionand a semi-structured interview were applied after screening the patients for cognitive impairment using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) to exclude those who scored less than 23 on this scale .

Results:The study showed that the  Prevalence of depression was 65.3%  , statistically significant difference was not found with any variable used. Strong positive relation was found in severely depressed patients with the past history of depression, multiple physical complaint was found in the depressed sample.

Conclousin:As the prevalence of depression among elderly patients  was high , National programs should be developed in community & health services focusing on early detection and treatment of depression among the elderly population.
Leigh Syndrome: Report of a Rare Case with Late Onset Presentation
Authors: Hassan Qays A.
Published: December 2020

Leigh's syndrome, or sub acute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy, is a rare inherited neurometabolic disease of infancy and early childhood with variable course and prognosis. Rarely, it occurs in juveniles and adults. The diagnosis is difficult and still remains to challenge the clinicians on the basis of history; hence the role of imaging is very essential. It is the neuroimaging, chiefly the Magnetic Resonance Imaging showing characteristic symmetrical necrotic lesions in the basal ganglia and/or brain stem that leads to the diagnosis. Late-onset varieties are rare and only few cases were reported all over the world. Here, I report a case of late onset (juvenile) Leigh syndrome presenting with an acute polyneuropathy. Neuroimaging confirmed it to be a case of Leigh syndrome.
Evaluation of Risk Management among Managers of the Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad City: Comparative Study
Authors: Jasim Basima J. , Khalifa Mohammed F.
Published: December 2020

Background: Several risk managem-ent standards had been developed including the Project Management Institute, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, actuarial societies, and ISO standards.

Objective: The study aimed at evaluating risk management among managers of model and ordinary primary health care centers in Baghdad City and comparing the risk management among these centers.

Methods: A descriptive comparative design was carried throughout the present study at 55 primary health care centers; 15 model primary health care centers and 40 ordinary health care centers in Baghdad City. The study was initiated from May 25th 2017 up to January 25th 2018. Non-probability (purposive) sample of 55 managers of primary health care centers was selected of 15 model primary health care centers and 40 ordinary primary health care centers in Baghdad City. A questionnaire was constructed for the purpose of the study. The overall number of items included in the questionnaire is 20 items. Internal consistency "split-half" reliability was obtained through computation of Cronbach alpha correlation coefficient. Data were collected through the employment of the questionnaire and the interview technique as means of data collection. Data were analyzed through the application of descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis approaches.

Results: The study revealed that most of the managers of both model and ordinary primary health care centers had employed poor performance of standards of risk management of method of identifying risk (67%) (52.5%); risk management process (67%)(55%); potential risk treatments (60%)(67.5%); and cardinal rules for the practices of risk communication (60%)(50%) respectively. Conclusions: Managers of both sites unfortunately had performed the risk management standards inadequately.
Endomeriosis of Cesarean Section Why on Leet side?
Authors: Abbud Ali Hl
Published: December 2020

Background: Endometriosis is defined as the presence or growth of ectopic endometrial tissue outside their usual site ( the uterus). It is a common condition in women. It may occur in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina and rarely, endometriosis may occur in the abdomen and lungs. Endometriosis is common among women of reproductive age. It is either primary or secondary. The triad of diagnosis is a pain with menstruation, cesarean scar and a mass in the scar.                                                                                                                             Methods: A report a series of 65  patients in the period from 1st Jan 2013 to 31st  Dec 2017. The study was performed in Al-Kindi Teaching Hospital and a private hospital. The mean age was 35 years (range 20-45).All patients were treated surgically i.e. excision of the tumor and old surgical scar in the lower abdomen.

Result: mean age was 35 years (range 20-45). Thirty  patients (46.15%) were housewives  while 35(53.84%) were officers. The interesting finding is that 52 patients had the mass in the left side, 10 in the middle and only 3 in the right side of the scar respectively.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a lateral asymmetry in the location of scar endometriosis i.e. mostly on the left side. The prevalence on left side of scar can be added to the triad of diagnosis mentioned above I.e. cyclical pain, cesarean scar and mass mostly in left side of the scar.