bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflections of the Reproduced State Identity on Turkish Foreign Policy: Crises With the USA
Authors: ERCOŞKUN Burak
Published: October 2021

Factors such as regional-international developments, political, economic, social conditions and security understanding separate the foreign policies of the states from each other and differentiate the expectations of the countries in mutual relations. Turkish-American relations, which have a history of nearly seventy years, have seen a fluctuating course with sometimes cooperation and sometimes crises. Therefore, identifying the root causes of crises that arise from different reasons and damage bilateral relations gains importance in terms of collaboration between the two countries. In this context, this study argues that the reproduction of Turkey’s state identity in the changing international system after the Cold War caused crises in bilateral relations by differentiating foreign policy visions, threat perceptions and international goals with the United States. Based on this, the four crises, in the bilateral relations between Turkey and the United States, starting with the Syrian Civil War and continuing to the present day, will be examined in the dimensions of perception, discourse and politics. Then, possible policies are discussed through risks and opportunities to eliminate the tense atmosphere in Turkey-US relations. In the study, in addition to the literature review, the content and discourse analysis method is used methodologically by making use of the statements of policy makers.
Features of venous blood circulation and valve function in the lower extremities according to duplex scanning data and morphofunctional studies
Authors: Ignatyev I M , Evseeva V V , Ahunova S Yu , Gradusov E G
Published: October 2021

Aim. To study the mechanisms of venous return and the functioning features of lower extremity venous valves in horizontal and vertical positions.

Methods. The study, conducted from April 2019 to December 2020, included 100 people. The study participants were divided into 2 groups. The first group was represented by 44 patients (88 limbs) with varicose veins, whose venous system was examined by duplex ultrasound scanning during inpatient rehabilitation. The second (control) group consisted of 56 healthy individuals (92 limbs) without visible signs of venous pathology who underwent an outpatient examination of the venous system. The average age of the patients in the two groups was 49.22.4 and 51.11 years, respectively; women predominated in both groups. The qualitative and quantitative parameters of venous blood flow were studied in the study. Venous valvular insufficiency was assessed by using reflux duration and the Psatakis index. A morphometric study was conducted on 140 limbs of 48 human corpses, from which venous fragments were taken for biomechanical studies of the valves. The clinical characteristics of patients are presented by descriptive statistics, quantitative parameters are reported as the mean value (M) and standard deviation (SD). The differences were tested for significance by using the Student's t-test.

Results. In the study, we introduced the concept of the valve index, the aspect ratio of the ellipse, the shape of which has a venous valve in cross-section. Duplex ultrasound scanning, as well as a morphofunctional examination of the valves, made it possible to establish that the valve index is significantly higher in the presence of signs of varicose veins, which indicates dilation and incipient varicose vein, which leads to valvular insufficiency. The elasticity index defined by us, as the indicator of change in the venous lumen size, measured by the ratio of its diameters, also significantly (p=0.034) differed in the studied groups: the elasticity index in the group of healthy people was 1.370.11, in the group of patients with varicose veins 1.560.17. The studied factors allowed us to develop a test that has an important prognostic value for the early diagnosis of varicose veins as well as the implementation of preventive health measures.

Conclusion. The features of venous blood circulation and valve function studied in the study not only have prognostic value for the early diagnosis of varicose veins but are also of practical interest for developing methods of surgical correction of venous valvular insufficiency.
The structure and features of the course of chronic kidney disease in patients with coronary heart disease and comorbid diseases
Authors: Sigitova O N , Bogdanova A R , Kim T Yu
Published: October 2021

Aim. To investigate the prevalence, structure, and features of the course of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) associated with comorbid diseases.

Methods. The observation group consisted of 257 patients of the Interregional Clinical Diagnostic Center (Kazan) with coronary heart disease (20142018): 183 males and 74 females, aged from 38 to 95 years (mean age 61.80.6). Observation program: clinical examination; serum creatinine and lipid profiles, the albumin/creatinine ratio in a single portion of urine, morning urine osmolality, glomerular filtration rate estimated by the CKD-EPI; renal scintigraphy, ultrasonography of the kidneys, renal Doppler ultrasound and angiography. Chronic kidney disease was diagnosed if one of the criteria was met: the glomerular filtration rate 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or the ratio of albumin to creatinine in urine (ACR) 30 mg/g. Statistical analysis was performed by using the methods of variational statistics: determination of the arithmetic mean (M), standard error of the mean (m) and difference significance according to the Student's test (t).

Results. Examination of patients revealed the following comorbid diseases and syndromes: hypertension (90.7%), hyper- and dyslipidemia (96.5%), overweight/obesity (74.3%), diabetes mellitus (17.9%), chronic heart failure stages IIIa according to StrazheskoVasilenko classification (100%). 164 (63.8%) patients were first time diagnosed with chronic kidney disease: hypertensive nephropathy in 66.4%, ischemic renal disease in 21.9%, diabetic nephropathy in 2.4%, a combination of diabetic and hypertensive nephropathy in 9.3%. 51.2% of patients had stage 2 of chronic kidney disease, 42.1% stage 3, 6.7% stage 4 or 5. A feature of chronic kidney disease is its latent course (absence of complaints and clinical manifestations) and, as a consequence, unidentified diagnosis at the prehospital stage, which is generally characteristic of secondary nephropathies in cardiovascular diseases and these comorbid conditions.

Conclusion. Chronic kidney disease was first diagnosed in 63.8% of patients with coronary heart disease with 1 to 5 comorbid diseases; a feature of chronic kidney disease is its secondary nature, the course of the disease is hidden by underlying and/or comorbid disease and, as a result, its late diagnosis.
Comparative efficacy of enalapril and valsartan in heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction
Authors: Glebova T. A. , Galin P. Yu
Published: October 2021

Aim. To compare the effectiveness of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril and the angiotensin II receptor antagonist valsartan in patients with heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) from the standpoint of the effect on the clinical picture, echocardiographic parameters and the level of the N-terminal fragment of the prohormone brain-type sodium (NT-proBNP).
Methods. 110 patients with heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction were included in the study based on the City Clinical Hospital named after N.I. Pirogov of Orenburg between 2018 and 2020. All patients were divided into two randomized groups. Patients of the first group (n=55) were prescribed enalapril, the second group (n=55) valsartan. Each patient was followed up for 1 year. The six-minute walk test, NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide level, echocardiography parameters were assessed in dynamics. Statistical analysis was performed by using Statistica 10.0 software, ShapiroWilk, MannWhitney, Wilcoxon tests.
Results. During the year of observation in both groups, there was a significant decrease in the functional class of chronic heart failure (p 0.005) without a statistical difference between the groups (p=0.251). The distance during the six-minute walk test increased from 350 (310400) m to 490 (420530) m (p 0.001) in the first group, from 360 (330400) m to 510 (450520) m (p 0.001) in the second group, also without significant differences (p=0.361). The NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide level decreased from 491 (410610) pg/ml to 286 (187350) pg/ml (p 0.001) in the first group, and from 446 (376534) pg/ml to 210 (143343) pg/ml (p 0.001) in the second, with a more significant change in the second group (p=0.020). The dynamics of echocardiography parameters were comparable in the groups (p 0.05), while ejection fraction normalized in 89.1% of patients received enalapril and 92.7% of patients received valsartan.
Conclusion. The efficacy of enalapril and valsartan in heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction is comparable in its effect on the clinical picture and echocardiography parameters with a more pronounced decrease in NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide when taking valsartan during a year of follow up.
Effects of tranexamic acid and exogenous fibrin monomer on the liver injury area and systemic circulation in pharmacological suppression of platelet function in an experiment
Authors: Vdovin V M , Momot A P , Shakhmatov I I , Bobrov I P , Orekhov D A , Terjaev V V , Chernus' V E , Kuznetsova D V
Published: October 2021

Aim. To identify and compare the morphological, hemostatic and hemostasiological consequences of intravenous administration of tranexamic acid and fibrin monomer in controlled liver injury against drug-induced thrombocytopathy.
Methods. The morphological features of fibrin formation in the area of liver injury after spontaneous bleeding arrest combined with the indicators of blood loss in the animals treated with intravenous placebo, tranexamic acid or fibrin monomer was studied in 69 male rabbits. The effects of these drugs were assessed against thrombocytopathy associated with the combined use of acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel. Platelet number and function (adnosine diphosphate-induced aggregation), the data of thromboelastometry and calibrated automated thrombogram, fibrinogen concentration and D-dimer level were considered in the blood test. The feature distribution in the samples was assessed using the ShapiroWilk test. Depending on the distribution, Student's t-test, MannWhitney U test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to test for a significant difference between the features. Differences in mortality rate were established by using Fisher's exact test. The differences were considered statistically significant at p 0.05.
Results. A model of thrombocytopathy which showed decreased platelet aggregation function (by 4.5 times), increased blood loss (by 40%), and high mortality (53.9%) was reproduced. Only a small accumulation of thrombotic material was noted on the injured surface of such animals. The use of tranexamic acid led to decreased post-traumatic bleeding (2.5 times) and animal mortality (20%). The latter was provided on the wound surface by increasing the thickness of both thrombotic deposits and fibrin strands. When fibrin monomer was used, the phenomenon of an overcompensated decrease in blood loss (by 6.7 times) accompanied by zero mortality was noted despite a pronounced decrease in platelet aggregation. The maximum increase in the thickness of thrombotic material and fibrin strands was morphologically determined in the injury area compared with other animal groups.
Conclusion. Morphological features of traumatic hemostatic effect at the injured area when using tranexamic acid and fibrin monomer have a number of differences despite the similarity of the achieved results in minimizing blood loss.
Effect of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia on metabolic processes in the heart, liver, and pancreas in rats
Authors: Mikashinovich Z I , Romashenko A V , Semenets I A
Published: October 2021

Aim. To analyze the biochemical changes in the cells of the heart muscle, liver and pancreas, as well as to establish their pathogenetic significance in diet-induced experimental hypercholesterolemia.
Methods. The study was conducted on 65 outbred male rats. During the experiment, the animals were divided into groups: the first (control, n=30) animals that were kept on a general vivarium diet; the second (experimental, n=35) animals with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia for three months by keeping on a special diet. At the end of the experiment, the concentrations of pyruvic acid, lactate, reduced glutathione, the activity of glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase were determined in the tissues by using biochemical methods. The Student's t-test was used for the experimental data of the samples after normality testing.
Results. The analysis of energy metabolism indicators in animals with hypercholesterolemia relative to the control group revealed a lower level of pyruvic acid in the heart muscle (0.290.03 mmol/mg protein; p 0.05) and liver (0.250.02 mmol/mg protein; p 0.001). A significantly higher lactate level was recorded in all tissues, most pronounced in the liver (6.730.6 mmol/mg protein; p 0.001). The results obtained indicate the predominance of the anaerobic glycolysis in the tissues and the accumulation of incomplete-oxidation products. The study of the key glutathione-linked enzymes in animals with hypercholesterolemia relative to the control showed a lower activity of glutathione reductase in the pancreas 0.520.05 mmol/mg protein/min (p 0.001), as well as its higher activity in the liver 0.2970.03 mmol/mg protein/min (p 0.001) and heart 13.581.4 mmol/mg protein/min (p 0.001). The activity of glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione in all organs remained practically unchanged, or the differences were insignificant. This trend indicates a violation of the antioxidant defense system and oxidative stress.
Conclusion. Changes in the metabolic link of adaptive-compensatory responses in the cells of the heart muscle, liver, and, most pronounced in the pancreas, indicate the role of the pancreas as a target organ in the pathogenesis of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia.
Indicators of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant system enzymes as predictors of the development of metabolic disorders in primary obesity
Authors: Nikishova T V , Kurnikova I A
Published: October 2021

Aim. To assess the effectiveness of indicators of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant system enzymes in the early diagnosis of metabolic disorders.
Methods. The study included 269 women of fertile age with primary obesity. The control group consisted of 35 women. The clinical examination included identification of the type of obesity, whole-body fat percentage, the level of glycemia and the index of insulin resistance, biochemical markers of lipids, hormones (leptin and insulin), malondialdehyde and enzyme activity (peroxidase and catalase). The statistical significance of the differences was determined by using the inversion test. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to assess the degree of relationship between quantitative characteristics, and scatter diagrams were used to compare two variables (Statistica software version 10.0).
Results. A statistically significant increase in basal and stimulated immunoreactive insulin was found in obese patients compared with the controls (p 0.01). Stimulated immunoreactive insulin levels, insulin resistance score (HOMA-IR) and the level of leptin in the group of patients with android obesity was higher than in the group with gynoid obesity (p 0.01). The relationship between the concentration of serum malondialdehyde and whole-body fat percentage was found to be more significant (r=0.412; p 0.001) than the relationship with the type of obesity (r=0.257; p 0.01). Positive correlations were found between serum malondialdehyde and insulin (r=0.35; p 0.001) and leptin (r=0.32; p 0.001) levels. The relationship between the concentration of serum malondialdehyde and the activity of enzyme systems was also noted. The activity of lipid peroxidation was higher in the group of patients with android obesity (malondialdehyde 3.3 mol/L) compared with the group of patients with gynoid obesity. In the same group, a higher activity of enzyme systems was noted.
Conclusion. An increase in the concentration of serum malondialdehyde and the activity of enzyme systems should be considered as indicators of a high risk of developing metabolic syndrome.
Deriving electrophysiological phenotypes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation based on the characteristics of heart rate variability
Authors: Markov N S , Ushenin K S , Bozhko Y G , Arkhipov M V , Solovyova O E
Published: October 2021

Aim. To analyze heart rate variability of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and identify electrophysiological phenotypes of the disease by using methods of exploratory analysis of twenty-four-hour electrocardiographic (Holter) recordings.

Methods. 64 electrocardiogram recordings of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were selected from the open Long-Term Atrial Fibrillation Database (repository PhysioNet). 52 indices of heart rhythm variability were calculated for each recording, including new heart rate fragmentation and asymmetry indices proposed in the last 5 years. Data analysis was carried out with machine learning methods: dimensionality reduction with principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering and outlier detection. Feature correlation was checked by the Pearson criterion, the selected patients subgroups were confirmed by using MannWhitney and Student's tests.

Results. For the vast majority of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, heart rate variability can be described by five parameters. Each of these parameters captures a distinct approach in heart rate variability classification: dispersion characteristics of interbeat intervals, frequency characteristics of interbeat intervals, measurements of heart rate fragmentation, indices based on heart rate asymmetry, mean and median of interbeat intervals. Two large phenotypes of the disease were derived based on these parameters: the first phenotype is a vagotonic profile with a significant increase of linear parasympathetic indices and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation lasting longer than 4.5 hours; the second phenotype with increased sympathetic indices, low parasympathetic indices and paroxysms lasting up to 4.5 hours.

Conclusion. Our findings indicate the potential of nonlinear analysis in the study of heart rate variability and demonstrate the feasibility of further integration of nonlinear indices for arrhythmia phenotyping.
90 years of the Ural State Medical University: development of scientific activity
Authors: Kovtun O P , Ufimtseva M A , Fedorova E V , Vakhlova I V
Published: October 2021

Since the foundation of the Ural State Medical University (USMU), the importance of scientific activity in the training of specialists with higher medical education has been determined. A contribution to the history of medical science in the Urals since the 30s of the twentieth century was made by those who began work at the Sverdlovsk State Medical Institute, whose discoveries made it possible to find new methods of diagnosis and treatment, to identify the causes of any disease. For 90years, the results of the activities of representatives of the established scientific directions and schools of Ural State Medical University have been used in the educational process and healthcare. The article describes the promotion of scientific activity of Ural State Medical University and its productivity over the previous decade. We analyzed reports on research activities for 20102020, materials based on the results of monitoring the effectiveness of Ural State Medical University, scientometric databases Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI), Web of Science, Scopus. Along with the development of traditional medical research areas and schools, the university researches in the areas of scientific medical platforms, cooperates with leading scientific, educational and medical organizations. The development of personalized medicine, digital medicine, reconstructive medicine, as well as the use of cellular technologies, and the fight against infectious diseases are highlighted among the topical areas. Over the current decade, the number of publications indexed in international abstract databases has increased 4times in Scopus, 2times in Web of Science, and 2.6times in RSCI. The total number of citations of articles over five years (20162020) in Scopus was 990, Web of Science 766. The number of articles included in the list of the Higher Attestation Commission under the Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation, for a number of years on average 456. There is the dynamic development of the scientific activity of Ural State Medical University with a focus on cooperation with leading research teams of other organizations, the implementation of research on a state assignment, accompanied by a significant increase in publication activity.
Challenges for first-year undergraduates with a non-EMI background in an EMI classroom: A case study
Authors: Siddiqui K. A.
Published: October 2021

Introduction. English has been the official language as well as medium of instruction (MOI) in higher education of Pakistan for over 70 years despite decolonisation in Asia in 1950s. However, the majority of undergraduates come from non-EMI (English as a medium of instruction) background because MOI in private or public primary and secondary schools is either regional or local language. Therefore, first year undergraduates face challenges in EMI classrooms at university.

Aim. This study aimed to investigate the challenges first year undergraduates with nonEMI background face in an EMI classroom in a public sector university in Sukkur, Pakistan.

Methodology and research methods. Using the case study approach, six purposively selected participants were interviewed using semi-structured interviews as the data collection tool.

Results and scientific novelty. The findings reveal that the learners face issues such as ineffective presentation, incoherent answers in writing, difficult grammatical structures, lack of vocabulary and partial comprehension of content. One of the key findings of the study is the psychological pressure students experience in an EMI classroom. The research is novel in the sense it brings to light language-related issues faced by students such as lack of vocabulary, improper organisation of ideas, and the role of varied language level of books and teachers. Since these challenges have not been explored at undergraduate level, and that too for students from non-EMI background, the study bears great significance for all stakeholders to develop effective strategies for future.

Practical significance. The study will have implications for both policymakers and practitioners in higher education of Pakistan.
Condensation on Amphiphilic Surfaces
Authors:   , Winter Rebecca Lynn , McCarthy Matthew
Published: October 2021

Condensation plays a fundamental role in our lives, from the way our climate functions to our ability to generate and use energy. The large amount of energy typically involved in phase change processes means that small improvements in efficiency could translate to impactful energy savings. Condensation can be significantly enhanced by changing the roughness and material of a surface to reduce thermal resistance. Notably, the use of hydrophobic and superhydrophobic materials enhance droplet shedding, which has been found to greatly improve performance. However, neither the most state-of-the-art, nor the simplest and most thoroughly studied of these hydrophobic designs are broadly implemented in real-world systems. These surfaces are often fragile, costly to manufacture, suffer from short usable lives, and can exhibit problematic failure modes. Here, amphiphilic surfaces, characterized by features with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials, demonstrate a new approach to the manipulation of wetting behavior and heat transfer. This work focuses on the experimental and analytical study of amphiphilic surfaces for use in condensation. First, an analytical foundation for the wetting behavior and heat transfer on amphiphilic surfaces is developed. The formation and stability of efficient thin filmwise condensation on microamphiphilic and hierarchical amphiphilic surfaces are presented. Next, this work is expanded to use in thermally conductive filmwise condensation on macroscale finned amphiphilic surfaces. A novel dewetting phenomenon is identified and characterized, which promotes cyclical dropwise condensation without the need for an ultrathin hydrophobic coating. Finally, the macroamphiphilic work is extended to use on cylindrical tubes in a controlled condensing environment. Both a stable conductive filmwise mode and a dynamic cyclical drainage mode are identified and characterized on tubes. Both are found to exhibit efficient condensing performance using completely distinct fundamental behaviors, and the cylindrical geometry is determined to offer additional stability to both condensing modes. The use of macroscale features with simple geometries, small dependence on coating thickness, and robustness of wetting dynamics make the work presented here particularly relevant to optimization for real-world application.
Influencia del Formalismo y del Antiformalismo Dentro de Colombia como un Estado Social de Derecho
Authors: Guerra Rico Jacqueline Cristina , Castillo Romero Juan José
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo aborda el desarrollo Nor­mativo y Constitucional colombiano referente a las funciones de los jueces a partir de las teo­rías formalistas y anti-formalistas. Se aproxima a los fundamentos teóricos de cada una de es­tas corrientes desde la perspectiva constitucio­nal, buscando así identificar las implicaciones de la forma y carácter del Estado Colombiano como un “Estado Social de Derecho”.
“LEVIATÁN” Tomas Hobbes
Authors: Vega Altamiranda María José
Published: October 2021

Tomas Hobbes realiza un estudio del hombre, iniciando desde los sentidos y de ahí, desple­gando el estudio general de este, se realiza la interpretación de los sentidos empezando con el pensamiento del ser humano, el cual hace referencia a un estudio singular primeramente y después estudia de una manera particular y que estos pensamientos están directamente relacionados con lo que diariamente perciben los sentidos o lo que pueden percibir de ma­nera inmediata…
Escena del Crimen
Authors: Páez Sosa Douglas Iván
Published: October 2021

Llegó a su edificio y tomó el ascensor, con la fatiga de un largo día de trabajo pesando sobre su espalda.

Marcó el piso diez y esperó. Iba sólo. Esto no se le hizo extraño, pero si le hizo pensar, en lo raro que era no haber visto a nadie en todo ese trayecto. El portero del edificio—extraña­mente—no estaba en su puesto de trabajo; ni ninguno de los otros empleados que siempre por allí rondan…
Alma Tolerante
Authors: Olivares Baldovino Andrés
Published: October 2021

I

Yo tolero, tú toleras

Si el verbo lo conjugamos,

Fácil es darnos la mano

Pues de la mejor manera,

Y el Alma siente de veras

Regocijo y emoción

Que le rodea el corazón

En su gran fragilidad

Y se puede demostrá,

Quien tolera brinda Amor…
Rincones de Cuadros de Pintoras
Authors: Costa Gómez Antonio
Published: October 2021

Georgia O´Keeffe nació en Wisconsin en 1887. Vivió en Nueva York y pintó rincones de Nuevo México. En el Museo Thyssen de Madrid hay un cuadro suyo maravilloso, “Nueva York con la Luna”...
Bullying berhubungan dengan kejadian gangguan cemas pada pelajar SMA
Authors: Andini Laras Sheila , Kurniasari Kurniasari
Published: October 2021

LATAR BELAKANGGangguan cemas di Indonesia menurut data Riskesdas 2018 untuk usia lebih dari 15 tahun sekitar 6.2%. Perempuan lebih cenderung mengalami gangguan cemas, salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi kecemasan pada remaja, yaitu bullying. Prevalensi bullying pada remaja yang cenderung meningkat setiap tahunnya menyebabkan bullying masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan mental global.
METODEStudi penelitian analitik observasional menggunakan desain cross-sectional untuk menilai hubungan kejadian bullying dengan gangguan cemas pada pelajar SMA. Pengambilan data melalui Google form dengan jumlah responden 252. Variabel yang akan diteliti, yaitu jenis kelamin, gangguan cemas, dan bullying. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-square dengan tingkat kemaknaan <0.05.
HASILResponden perempuan sebanyak 160 responden (63%) dan laki-laki 92 responden (37%). Perempuan lebih banyak mengalami gangguan kecemasan, yaitu kecemasan ringan sebanyak 35 responden (22%), terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan gangguan cemas (p=0.002). Terdapat 97 responden menjadi korban bullying (38%) dengan kecemasan yang paling sering, yaitu kecemasan ringan. Sebanyak 30 responden (31%) terdapat hubungan antara kejadian bullying dengan gangguan cemas (p=0.000).
KESIMPULANKejadian bullying dan jenis kelamin merupakan faktor yang berperan terhadap gangguan kecemasan yang terjadi pada remaja.
Vamos todos aprender a ler: Livro de histórias: pré-escola
Authors: Dueñas Ximena , Duarte Salcedo Catalina , de Almeida Sargiani Renan , Navas Ana Luiza , Navas Iannini Carlos Arturo
Published: October 2021

"Vamos todos aprender a ler" é uma iniciativa de alfabetização inicial do BID, por meio da qual são oferecidos materais para alunos e professores e recursos para a sala de aula. O programa tem como objetivo fornecer ferramentas de apoio e seqüência de atividades de ensino explícito das habilidades fundamentais para a alfabetização com base na história de personagens animais cujo nome se inicia por um fonema alvo. Este livro de histórias para a pré-escola permite que o aluno acompanhe as leituras à medida que avança nas unidades. Está prevista a entrega de uma cópia para cada aluno.
Recomendaciones para consolidar un marco de buenas prácticas para la dirección escolar
Authors: Duarte Salcedo Catalina , Iglesias Velasco Juliana , Maragall Juan
Published: October 2021

Los marcos o estándares nacionales para la dirección escolar son instrumentos que señalan las acciones necesarias para potenciar la gestión del director de escuela en pro de una mejora en los aprendizajes de los estudiantes. Además, sirven a los gobiernos locales y/o nacionales como referente al momento de definir iniciativas y/o políticas, así como enmarcar acciones relacionadas con selección, evaluación, formación inicial, posgradual y en servicio- de los directivos escolares, entre otros. Contar con un marco de buenas prácticas de dirección escolar, permite asegurar y propiciar un diálogo entre los diferentes actores de la comunidad educativa para garantizar que las acciones que involucran la gestión de los directivos escolares se orienten en una misma dirección y se generen sinergias que aportan en la mejora de la calidad de la educación. El propósito de esta nota es resumir el proceso de formulación y consolidación de este tipo de marcos y describir elementos que pueden ayudar a potenciar impacto.
Vamos todos aprender a ler: Fichas didáticas
Authors: Dueñas Ximena , Duarte Salcedo Catalina , de Almeida Sargiani Renan , Navas Ana Luiza
Published: October 2021

"Vamos todos aprender a ler" é uma iniciativa de alfabetização inicial do BID, por meio da qual são oferecidos materais para alunos e professores e recursos para a sala de aula. O programa tem como objetivo fornecer ferramentas de apoio e seqüência de atividades de ensino explícito das habilidades fundamentais para a alfabetização com base na história de personagens animais cujo nome se inicia por um fonema alvo. Essas Fichas Didáticas foram desenvolvidas para expandir as atividades dos alunos do primeiro ano com a introdução de fotos reais e fatos biológicos dos animais que servem de base para os personagens do programa.
Contract for the provision of paid educational services
Authors: Baykova Kristina
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of the acute and current problem of insufficient civil regulation of educational relations of the customer in the person of the student and the performer in the person of the higher educational institution. The purpose of this article is to identify the legislative gaps that the parties to the contract for the provision of paid services face in its execution, as well as to suggest ways to eliminate these gaps by introducing new provisions in the legislation.
"After the COVID-19 pandemic": some national challenges of our time
Authors: Zhilyuk Anastasia
Published: October 2021

In the modern world, the daily development of the COVID-19 pandemic threatens all spheres of state activity. To date, it is too early to say that the number of cases is rapidly decreasing, and the pandemic is disappearing from our lives. The main purpose of this work is to consider some of the national challenges of our time, which are most acute for states and international organizations, to identify "points of contact" and to outline the ways and tasks of working in these areas, so that states and other actors of international society can remain competitive and relevant in the world community.
Barriers of the Russian legislation to the functioning of Islamic banking in the territory of the Russian Federation
Authors: Yakunina Maria
Published: October 2021

The subject of the article are the norms of the Russian legislation, in particular, the Federal Law of the Russian Federation «About banks and banking activities», the Federal Law of the Russian Federation «On Deposit Insurance in Banks of the Russian Federation», Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Internal Revenue Code of the Russian Federation in order to identify barriers of the Russian legislation that hinder Islamic banking activity in the territory of the Russian Federation. Analysis of the provisions of legislation allows to reveal the essential differences between the principles of conventional banks and principles of Islamic banks. The article detects the perspective of development of Islamic banking in the Russian Federation. Conducted research represents that the majority of the barriers excepting the prohibition of traditional banks to carry out trading activities, are related to the terminological aspect and to the question of perception and interpretation of sharia’s principles by the Russian legal system.
The role of the target designation attribute in the legalization of unauthorized construction
Authors: Gorshenev Konstantin
Published: October 2021

The article demonstrates the current problems of the institution of unauthorized construction, related to the procedure for acquiring ownership of unauthorized buildings, and the place of the criterion for the purpose of construction when applying the procedure for legitimizing an unauthorized object. The author suggests the introduction of a norm that ensures the differentiation of objects of unauthorized construction on the basis of the criterion of their purpose, which will bring some stability in the turnover of real estate objects.
The State of Primary School Third-Grade Pupils’ Making Sense of the Concepts of “0” and “1”
Authors: Önal Halil , Çekirdekci Sıtkı , Yorulmaz Alper
Published: October 2021

This paper focuses on determining the opinions of primary school third-grade pupils about the conceptual meaning and use of the numbers “0” and “1”. The current study employed the case study design, which is one of the qualitative research methods. In the selection of the sample, the criterion sampling method, one of the purposive sampling methods, was used. The study was conducted with the participation of a total of 114 third-grade pupils (58 girls and 56 boys) attending two state primary schools located in the city of Ankara in the fall term of the 2019-2020 school year. As the data collection tool, a semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers in relation to the concepts of “0” and “1” was used. In the analysis of the data obtained in relation to the concepts of “0” and “1”, content analysis was used. The primary school third-grade pupils made sense of the number “0” in association with the categories of four operations, ineffective element, absorbing element, number, natural number, meaningless, valueless, absence, even number, beginning, and letter. The categories in which most thoughts about the meaning of the number “1” are gathered are number, ineffective element, and uniqueness. It was determined that the pupils are more successful in the use of the numbers “0” and “1” in the addition and subtraction operations than in the multiplication and division operations.
Responding to Climate Change and the Role of Environmental law
Authors: Duyen Thuy Vu Thị
Published: October 2021

Climate change has been putting humankind at risk with a host of challenges regarding the aspects of environment and development. More specifically, it requires excessive effort from all countries, in which recognizing the importance of environmental law system plays an indispensable role. Therefore, in this article, the role of environmental law in tackling climate change will be analyzed and, based on the provided analysis, solutions on building and improving the environmental law for more efficient implementation will be laid out to lessen the adverse effects of climate change.
Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Praktik Pemilik Anjing Terhadap Kejadian Rabies di Kabupaten 50 Kota, Sumatera Barat
Authors: Fadillah Mardi , Sudarnika Etih , Sudarwanto Mirnawati Bachrum
Published: October 2021

Rabies merupakan penyakit hewan menular strategis prioritas di Indonesia karena berdampak terhadap sosial ekonomi dan kesehatan masyarakat. Berdasarkan laporan kejadian rabies di Kabupaten 50 Kota, Sumatera Barat, beberapa kecamatan menunjukkan angka kejadian yang cukup tinggi setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik pemilik anjing terhadap rabies. Sebanyak 96 responden dipilih sebagai sampel yang diambil dari delapan kecamatan dari 13 kecamatan yang ada di Kabupaten 50 Kota. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner yang telah disusun secara terstruktur dan selanjutnya diolah secara deskriptif dengan analisis korelasi menggunakan Uji Chi-Square dan Korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap pemilik anjing terhadap rabies berada dalam kategori baik (87,5% dan 94,8%). Hal tersebut berbeda dengan praktik pemilik anjing yang berada dalam kategori buruk (63,5%). Hasil analisis lain menunjukkan bahwa ada peubah karakteristik yang memengaruhi praktik pemilik anjing yaitu jumlah dan jenis anjing yang dipelihara. Semakin banyak anjing yang dipelihara maka semakin baik praktik responden. Responden yang memiliki jenis anjing campuran/ras, membuat praktik responden semakin baik. Pengetahuan akan memengaruhi sikap, namun pengetahuan dan sikap tidak berpengaruh terhadap praktik pemilik anjing. Praktik responden mencerminkan kurangnya kegiatan sosialisasi maupun komunikasi, informasi dan edukasi (KIE), diperlukan penekanan program penyuluhan rabies lebih lanjut terhadap pemilik anjing yang berfokus pada tanggung jawab terhadap kepemilikan anjing. Dengan demikian, untuk meningkatkan tingkat praktik responden tidak cukup dengan pengetahuan dan sikap saja, diperlukan regulasi hukum dan sanksi yang jelas serta prosedur operasional baku mengenai pengendalian rabies dari pemerintah yang sangat penting untuk mengurangi infeksi rabies di Kabupaten 50 Kota.
A extensão universitária em tempos de pandemia: reflexões sobre Educação do Campo na Baixada Campista (RJ)
Authors: Lima Viviane Cristina Silva , Silva Mírian Marques da , Monção Kíssila dos Santos , Nóbrega Ricardo André Avelar da
Published: October 2021

O projeto de extensão universitária intitulado “Educação do Campo: limites e possibilidade da formação continuada para educadores na Baixada Campista” nasceu das demandas pela formação continuada em metodologias e estratégias pedagógicas para os estudantes do campo. A proposta das atividades presenciais ocorria em uma escola estadual de ensino médio na Baixada Campista (RJ), mas, em decorrência da pandemia de Covid-19, o projeto precisou se (re)inventar, explorando os territórios digitais. Por tudo isso, o objetivo do texto é descrever as estratégias utilizadas pela equipe do projeto para não paralisar as atividades. A metodologia utilizada na construção do texto foi a observação participante e a revisão de literatura. Após a análise das ações desenvolvidas pelo grupo, foi constatado que o projeto aumentou sua capilaridade graças às redes sociais e ao empenho dos envolvidos na produção de material didático.
Recomendações técnicas de adubação e calagem realizadas pela UFRRJ Campus Campos dos Goytacazes
Authors: Batista Josimar Nogueira , Carvalho Rebecca Machado , Meireles Elaine , Soares Rian Ribeiro , Nascimento Letícia Oliveira , Dos Santos Monique , Cardoso Kamilla Rangel
Published: October 2021

A avaliação da fertilidade do solo, envolve, em síntese processos de amostragem, métodos de análise, técnicas de diagnóstico dos resultados, modelos de interpretação e de recomendação de corretivos e fertilizantes. O Centro de Análises (CA) da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) é um Laboratório credenciado junto à Embrapa, fazendo parte do Programa de Análise de Qualidade de Laboratórios de Fertilidade (PAQLF), com conceito A. Uma importante ação de extensão realizada pelo CA é o atendimento de produtores rurais, principalmente do Norte e Noroeste Fluminense, através da orientação técnica para a correta recomendação de calcário e fertilizantes. Em 2018, o CA realizou 88 recomendações de adubação e calagem para diferentes solos, cultivos e plantas. No total, foram 34 culturas, com a maior demanda para pastagens/forrageiras (30%), e cana-de-açúcar e citros (ambas 7%). Outras culturas como o abacaxi representaram 3% das recomendações técnicas. Com os resultados de análise química do solo, foram atendidos 62 municípios, e do total das recomendações, a maior demanda foi para Campos dos Goytacazes, representando 41% do total. No tocante das recomendações, observa-se que grande parte é voltada para pastagens ou algum tipo de planta indicada para alimentação animal. Os valores alcançados demonstram aumento da diversidade de culturas na região e consequentemente melhoria no manejo da adubação e nutrição de plantas.
Curricularização da extensão e a concretização da indissociabilidade
Authors: de Pádua Frutuoso Tomé
Published: October 2021

Este ensaio apresenta uma reflexão sobre o conceito de indissociabilidade presente na Constituição Federal de 1988, sobre o processo de curricularização da extensão, que consiste na obrigatoriedade de inclusão de carga horária de extensão nos cursos de graduação trazida pelos Planos Nacionais de Educação de 2001 e 2014, e pela resolução do Conselho Nacional de Educação nº 07 de 2018. O texto discute também a importância das atividades de extensão para promover impacto na formação discente e o impacto e transformação social, sempre pautadas na interação dialógica entre a instituição de ensino e os diversos setores da sociedade.
Desenvolvimento de Protocolo de Boas Práticas para Capacitação de Ordenhadores em Propriedades Leiteiras no Município de Caranaíba , MG
Authors: Gomes Francimar Fernades , De Rezende Bernard Bum , Silveira Graziela Rangel , Gomes Natalia Tavares , De Souza Simone Bernardino
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar as condições higiênico-sanitárias de 54 propriedades rurais e o conhecimento de ordenhadores sobre as doenças transmitidas pelo leite para orientá-los sobre sua profilaxia. Em cada propriedade foi realizada uma inspeção visual e a aplicação de um questionário para identificação de pontos críticos a serem atacados em protocolos de Boas Práticas. Entre as propriedades avaliadas todas apresentaram falhas no aspecto higiênico-sanitário. Do total de entrevistados, 43% disseram que o consumo de leite pode causar doenças, mas desses, grande parte não soube citar o nome de duas (86,05%). Entre os que afirmaram que o consumo deste alimento pode acarretar agravos, 23,26% citaram a Brucelose seguido de alergia; 11,63%, intoxicação alimentar e diarreia, 6,98% respectivamente; Tuberculose e verminoses, 2,33% cada. Sobre as medidas preventivas, 63% informaram conhecê-las, no entanto, desse total, a maioria, 95,24%, não soube indicar três delas. Considerando que 70% dos entrevistados possuem baixa escolaridade, este fato pode contribuir para a não implementação de protocolos de profilaxia contribuindo assim para a produção de leite de má qualidade.
A inserção da Extensão nas práticas, currículos e projetos pedagógicos da educação superior pública brasileira: reflexões tentativas sobre os impactos na formação do estudante e na transformação social
Authors: Figueiredo Ivan Vasconcelos
Published: October 2021

Neste ensaio, debatemos sobre os impactos nos percursos formativos dos discentes e as transformações sociais decorrentes da inserção da Extensão nas práticas, currículos e projetos pedagógicos da educação superior pública brasileira. Propomos que o exercício da indissociabilidade no e a partir dos cursos de graduação, em especial, na vinculação processual das dimensões da Extensão e do Ensino, tende a: proporcionar uma formação mais integral, humanística e cidadã aos discentes envolvidos; contribuir para a ruptura da linha abissal que separa os sujeitos, as práticas, os saberes e os conhecimentos; em longo prazo, auxiliar no desenvolvimento de uma democracia justa socialmente.
Pengaruh Stress Kerja Terhadap Kejadian Kecelakaan Kerja di Industri Kayu Lapis Bagian Rotary Jember, Indonesia
Authors: Maulidiah Suhma Fihris , Caesarina Novi Ancah , Ma’rufi Isa
Published: October 2021

The current industrial development is getting more advanced and developing every year. The business world, including the industry, is increasingly competitive and is making the best of efforts to optimally utilize all resources, including utilizing human resources. However, efforts to optimize and utilize resources have an impact on humans or workers, namely job stress. Work stress on workers that occurs when daily data in the work environment exceeds the worker's ability to cope with or control work stress so that it will improve mental and physical workers. The general objective of this research is to analyze the effect of stress on the incidence of work accidents in one of the plywood industries in the rotary section in Jember Regency. This research is a quantitative study using an analytic observational research design with a cross sectional method. The population includes all the plywood industry workers in PT. X, Jember district, rotary part of 339 workers, with a sample size of 76 people. The sampling technique used in this study was quota random sampling with a multivariate analysis process. Based on the results of the study, it was obtained from the P value that there was no significant effect between work stress and the incidence of work accidents that occurred in the rotary section at PT. X in Jember. This is possible because the workers’ stress level is still in the medium category, and they can still cope with the stress they experience. Keyword: industry, work place accident, unsafe action, workers. Keywords: industry, work place accident, unsafe action, workers