bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, Causes and Complications of Postpartum Haemorrhage in Mbujimayi, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC): a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mpoyi Constantin Mukeba , Mbuyamba Louis Ntobo , Kayindjika Fidel Lumuanga , Mukeba Junior Kasongo , Kadima Clément Mutombo
Published: September 2024

Background
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is the cause of approximately 25% of all deaths of pregnant women worldwide, especially in low-income countries, ranging from 8% in developed areas to 32% in Northern Africa. PPH is defined as blood loss from the genital tract of 500 mL or more in the first 24 hours after the delivery of the baby.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, causes and complications related to PPH in order to improve its management and reduce the rate of maternal deaths in Mbujimayi.
Methods
It was retrospective cross-sectional study curried out over a period of 5 years, from July 1, 2018 to July 1, 2023 at obstetrics and gynaecology departments of Bonzola Hospital, Christ-Roi Hospital, and Polyclinique SUMEDCO, all located in Mbujimayi, province of Kasai Oriental, in DRC.
Results
During the study period, the prevalence of PPH was 2.77%. Patients aged between 20-29 years old were the most represented with 44.0%. The mean age of the patients was 26.97 years, the median was 26, the mode 25, min 16 years, max 45 years, SD 7.4 and 95%CI of the true mean was lying between 27.44 and 26.5. Multigravida and multipara were the most represented with respectively 48.7%. The patients with history of previous PPH was less represented with 6.2%. The primary PPH was the most represented with 91.3%. Uterine atony was finding to be the first cause of PPH with 41.3%. Anaemia was the most represented complication with 61.8%.
Conclusion
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) remains one of the leading causes of severe maternal morbidity, and the leading cause of direct maternal deaths. Healthcare providers must have the knowledge, skills, and resources to detect and manage PPH for each birth. Anyway, we recommend to Bonzola Hospital, Christ-Roi Hospital, Polyclinique SUMEDCO, and Authorities to facilitate the diagnosis tools of PPH in Mbujimayi.
Primordial neon and the deep mantle origin of kimberlites
Authors: Giuliani Andrea , Kurz Mark , Barry Peter , Curtice Joshua , Stuart Finlay , Oesch Senan , Charbonnier Quentin , Peters Bradley , Koornneef Janne , Szilas Kristoffer , Pearson D Graham
Published: September 2024

The genesis of kimberlites – Earth’s deepest-derived melts – remains an unresolved question despite the economic and scientific interest surrounding these diamond-bearing continental magmas. One critical question is whether they tap ancient, deep mantle or the shallow convecting mantle with partial melting triggered by deep-mantle plumes or plate tectonics. To address this question, we report the compositions of He-Ne-Ar isotopes, formidable tracers of the occurrence of primordial material in the mantle, in magmatic fluids trapped in olivine from kimberlites worldwide. We show that two kimberlites have Ne isotopes less nucleogenic than the upper mantle, which unequivocally requires a deep mantle origin. This is corroborated by previous evidence of negative W isotope anomalies and the location of these kimberlites along age-progressive hot-spot tracks. The lack of strong primordial He isotope signatures indicates overprinting by lithospheric and crustal components, which suggests that Ne isotopes are more robust tracers of deep-mantle contributions in intraplate magmas.
Changes in Energy Dynamics in Arsenic Exposure Based Neurotoxicity: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Choudhary Anuj , Pandey Ruchi , Padhy Debiprasad , Rathod Dipak , Murti Krishna , Dave Vivek , Dhingra Sameer , Rachamalla Mahesh , Kumar Nitesh
Published: September 2024

Background:

The by-product of naturally occurring rock, soil with different
agricultural and industrial processes contaminated groundwater with a toxic metalloid-
Arsenic (As3+), which results in different toxicities within the human body and in developing
fetus.

Aim:

The present study emphasizes evaluating the presence of oxidative stress and excessive
generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction
and caspase activation followed by apoptosis due to arsenic-induced neurotoxicity
along with epigenetic modifications at different molecular targets.

Methods:

Published articles available on PubMed and Scopus were studied and summarized.

Results:

The precise mechanism causing arsenic-induced neurotoxicity at a critical stage
of brain development is still unknown, while increased oxidative stress led to mitochondrial
dysfunctions which are known to play a prominent role in this. AMPK acts as a
metabolic checkpoint and restores ATP levels through a different anabolic pathway in
energy starvation. At the same time, arsenic-induced AMPK activation leads to autophagy
and neuronal cell death.

Conclusion:

This review summarized the molecular mechanisms involved in arsenic-induced
neurotoxicity, which can help develop suitable future ameliorative and therapeutic
strategies.
Oligoprotective Activity of Levetiracetam against Glutamate Toxicity: An In vitro Study
Authors: Alavi Mohaddeseh Sadat , Al-Asady Abdulridha Mohammed , Abbasinezhad-Moud Farzaneh , Rajabian Arezoo , Rastegartizabi Zahra , Sadeghnia Hamid R.
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

The role of glutamate in the development of some brain pathological conditions, such
as multiple sclerosis, has been well described. Levetiracetam (LEV), a new broad-spectrum antiseizure
medicine, is widely used to control certain types of seizures. Apart from its anti-seizure activity, LEV exerts
neuroprotection via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects. The current study was designed
to evaluate the protective potential of LEV against glutamate-induced injury in OLN-93 oligodendrocytes.

Methods:

At first, the potential negative impact of LEV on OLN-93 viability was evaluated. After that, the
cells were concurrently treated with LEV (0-100 μM) and glutamate (8 mM) for 24 h. The viability, redox status,
and the rate of apoptosis of OLN-93 cells were then assessed using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-
2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 2',7' dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA),
2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) assays, respectively.
Moreover, caspase-3 expression, as a marker of cell apoptosis, was evaluated by western blotting.

Results:

LEV at 1-800 μM did not have any negative effect on cell survival. Treatment with LEV (50 and 100
μM) substantially enhanced the cell viability following glutamate insult. The cytoprotective activity of LEV
(50 and 100 μM) against glutamate toxicity was accompanied by reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation
and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Moreover, 100 μM of LEV inhibited apoptosis and decreased
the expression level of cleaved caspase-3 following glutamate exposure.

Conclusion:

Taken together, the results suggested that LEV has protective effects against glutamate-mediated
cytotoxicity in OLN-93 cells. The oligoprotective action of LEV was shown to be exerted via inhibition of
oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis.
Cpd861 Targeting BCL2 to Alleviate Hepatic Fibrosis: Network Pharmacology, Mendelian Randomization, and Molecular Docking Mechanisms
Authors: Lyu Yaning , Liang Xifeng , Gao Shuang , Li Jing , Li Jinming , Zhang Shuhan , Yin Chenghong , Chi Cheng
Published: September 2024

Background:

Compound 861 (Cpd861) is a traditional Chinese herbal compound for the treatment
of hepatic fibrosis (HF). In the current investigation, Cpd861 has been demonstrated to have an underlying
molecular mechanism and material foundation for the treatment of HF through network pharmacology, Mendelian
randomization (MR), and molecular docking.

Methods:

Public databases were consulted for Cpd861 constituents and HF targets. Protein-protein interactions
(PPIs) were established using STRING software, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia
of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. To elucidate the causal relationship between
potential targets and liver injury, MR was used as a methodological tool. Finally, a molecular docking
analysis was conducted between the active compound and the key target.

Results:

We obtained 174 active ingredients and 113 intersecting genes. Through the PPI network, high-degree
targets were identified, namely CTNNB1, ESR1, FOS, MDM2, CCND1, TP53, RELA, and BCL2. As
shown by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses, Cpd861 functions through xenobiotic stimulus and
oxidative stress-related genes, as well as the PI3K-AKT and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) signaling
pathways. The results of MR showed that MDM2 and BCL2 had a causal relationship with liver injury.
Molecular docking results showed that several active compounds in Cpd861 were stably bound to BCL2.

Results:

We obtained 174 active ingredients and 113 intersecting genes. Through the PPI network, high-degree
targets were identified, namely CTNNB1, ESR1, FOS, MDM2, CCND1, TP53, RELA, and BCL2. As
shown by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses, Cpd861 functions through xenobiotic stimulus and
oxidative stress-related genes, as well as the PI3K-AKT and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) signaling
pathways. The results of MR showed that MDM2 and BCL2 had a causal relationship with liver injury.
Molecular docking results showed that several active compounds in Cpd861 were stably bound to BCL2.

Conclusion:

This study made predictions regarding the efficacious components, as well as potential targets
and pathways of Cpd861 in the therapy of HF. This will open up a new perspective for further investigation of
the molecular mechanism of Cpd861 in the treatment of HF.
Multifunctional Tasks and an Energy Crisis are Crucial Players in Determining the Vulnerability of the Entorhinal Cortex to Early Damage in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Sivanesan Senthilkumar , Howell Matthew D. , Kaushik Vibha , Jayakumar Rajadas , Pari Shree Mukilan , Goyal Pankaj
Published: September 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurological disorder that affects synaptic
transmission between neurons. Several theories and concepts have been postulated to explain its
etiology and pathogenesis. The disease has no cure, and the drugs available to manage AD symptoms
provide only modest benefits. It originates in the brain’s entorhinal cortex (EC), with tau
pathology that poses overt symptoms for decades and then spreads to other connected areas and
networks to cause severe cognitive decline. Despite decades of research, the reason why the EC is
the first region to be affected during AD pathophysiology remains unknown. The EC is well connected
with surrounding areas to support the brain’s structural and functional integrity, participate
in navigation, working memory, memory consolidation, olfaction, and olfactory-auditory coordination.
These actions require massive energy expenditure, thus, the EC is extremely vulnerable to severe
hypometabolism and an energy crisis. The crucial events/factors that make the EC vulnerable
to pathological sequelae more than other brain regions have not been thoroughly explored. An in-
-depth analysis of available research on the role of the EC in AD could provide meaningful insights
into the susceptibility of this region and its role in propagating AD. In this review article,
we highlight how the functional complexities of the EC account for its vulnerability to AD.
Computational Exploration of Isatin Derivatives for InhA Inhibition in Tuberculosis: Molecular Docking, MD Simulations and ADMET Insights
Authors: Patel Vaishali Pavalbhai , Tripathi Rati Kailash Prasad , Dharamsi Abhay
Published: September 2024

Background:

Anti-tubercular drug discovery is a critical research area aimed at addressing
the global health burden imposed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nowadays, computational
techniques have increased the likelihood of drug development compared to traditional,
labor-intensive, and time-consuming drug design approaches. The pivotal goal of drug design is
to identify compounds capable of selectively targeting protein, thereby disrupting its enzymatic
activity. InhA, or NADH-dependent enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase, stands at the forefront
of targeted approaches in the battle against TB. Isatin derivatives have garnered interest for their
diverse pharmacological activities.

Objective:

To identify novel isatin derivatives that could serve as potential chemical templates
for anti-TB drug discovery by targeting InhA.

Methods:

The present work utilized various computational approaches, including molecular
docking, binding free energy calculations, and conformational alignment studies to investigate
the binding mode and interactions of carefully selected dataset of 88 isatin derivatives within
InhA active site. Study also employed MD simulations of the most promising molecule to check
the stability of the protein-ligand complex and in-silico ADMET profiling of the top compounds
to predict their pharmacokinetic and toxicity properties.

Results:

Results provided insights into the structural features contributing to InhA inhibition,
assessing overall drug-like characteristics of isatin derivatives and identified compound 48
(BA= -10.4 kcal mol-1) with potential for further optimization. MD simulation analysis revealed
that compound 48 binds firmly within the InhA protein, exhibiting minimal conformational
fluctuations and enhanced stability.

Conclusion:

Considering the aforementioned, isatin derivatives represents a novel framework
for creating targeted InhA inhibitors during anti-TB therapy. However, experimental validations
and in-depth analyses are crucial to confirm efficacy and safety of these derivatives as potential
InhA inhibitors for TB treatment.
Three-component Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans Using MMWCNTs-PEG-IL as a Novel Magnetic Immobilized Ionic Liquid
Authors: Laeen Mahdi Behboudi , Pourali Ali Reza
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

A novel immobilized imidazolium type ionic liquid was synthesized using
poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) functionalized magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes. This immobilized
ionic liquid (MMWCNTs-PEG-IL) was characterized by FT-IR, VSM, XRD, FE-SEM and
EDX analysis. Method: Then, it was used as a magnetic catalyst in a three-component reaction to
yield tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives. First, optimized reaction conditions were investigated.
A mixture of containing dimedone (1 mmol), malononitrile (1 mmol), benzaldehyde (1.2 mmol)
and MMWCNTs-PEG-IL (0.03 g) in H2O/EtOH (5 mL) was stirred at 70 °C. After completion of
the reaction, the mixture was cooled. Results: Then, an external magnet was used to separate the
magnetic catalyst. This method has many advantages including high reaction yields, high TOFs,
using non-toxic solvents, easy handling of catalyst, simple separation of catalyst from reaction medium
and short reaction times. Conclusion: Also, the reusability of the magnetic catalyst has been
investigated in 7 runs without serious loss of reaction yield.
How to Author a Successful Manuscript for “Current Applied Materials”
Authors: Uchino Kenji
Published: September 2024

:

This article provides insights into the manuscript submission process for the journal “Current
Applied Materials,” published by Bentham Science Publishers. As seen from the Editor-In-
Chief’s perspective, we have focused on Contributed and Review/Mini-Review articles.
PEDAGOGIA FREIRIANA
Authors: Rodrigues Jéssyka Melgaço , Martins Ismênia Gurgel , Leite Raquel Crosara Maia
Published: September 2024

O manuscrito percorre os campos da formação docente, da pedagogia freiriana e das possibilidades formativas presentes no Estágio Curricular Supervisionado. Objetivou identificar se o ECS dos Projetos Pedagógicos das licenciaturas em Ciências Biológicas nas Instituições de Ensino Superior selecionadas, contemplam ou não, em seu aporte teórico, saberes freirianos fundamentais para a formação docente. Assim, a inquietação colocada neste trabalho de pesquisa documental, é pensar no modo como as licenciaturas, por meio dos seus estágios supervisionados, conseguem suscitar a formação de professores detentores de saberes freirianos. Os resultados apontam que o estágio não dialoga, explicitamente, com os ideais freirianos, pois menções à obra educacional de Paulo Freire são tímidas. Essa distância acena, portanto, para a necessidade de ressignificação dos estágios como espaços potencialmente úteis para a inserção de atividades formativas que remetam à pedagogia de Freire, dada a sua importância.
PRÁTICA EDUCATIVA NO ENSINO SUPERIOR PÓS-PANDÊMICO
Authors: Silva Joselma Ferreira Lima e , Silva Maria Keilana Alves da , Amaral Jorrana Sthefany Magalhães
Published: September 2024

Considerando as singularidades e demandas do processo de formação docente, o presente trabalho buscou compreender por meio de uma prática educativa em Metodologia Científica, entre graduandos(as) de Matemática, os cenários, perspectivas de aprendizagens e valorização das memórias, no contexto pós-pandemia. Diante dos novos cenários educacionais, foi feita uma análise sobre as práticas educativas, destacando a valorização da memória individual/coletiva pelo uso de portfólios no processo de formação inicial.  Trata-se de um Estudo de Caso (GIL, 2002), em que os resultados foram obtidos por meio da análise dos portfólios produzidos pelos(as) graduandos(as) no decorrer da disciplina. Constatou-se que a utilização do portfólio como prática educativa contribuiu para o desenvolvimento e sistematização das aprendizagens dos discentes, despertando a curiosidade em relação à pesquisa, e fortalecendo as memórias, bem como o desenvolvimento do senso crítico.
AVALIAÇÃO DE CARATERÍSTICAS AGRÔNOMICAS DE SOJA
Authors: Mateus Dias Duarte  , Wallace de Paula Bernado  , Weverton Pereira Rodrigues
Published: September 2024

Este experimento foi realizado com o intuito de mostrar aos discentes do curso de Engenheria Agrônomica o efeito da área foliar nos componentes de produtividade. O experimento foi realizado entre os meses de dezembro de 2022 e março de 2023, na região norte do estado do Tocantins, usando os genótipos Brasmax Olimpo IPRO e Brasmax Domínio IPRO. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com dois genótipos com quatro parcelas, sendo que cada parcela foi constituída de cinco linhas com 3 m de comprimento. Foi mensurada a altura; o número de nós e vagens por planta, a área foliar, o índice de área foliar e a produtividade. O genótipo Olimpo apresentou menor área foliar e índice de área foliar, o que permitiu maior distribuição de fotoassimilados para os grãos, garantindo um maior índice de colheita, resultando em maior produtividade.
EQUAÇÕES DE VOLUME PARA KHAYA SENEGALENSIS (DESR.) A. JUSS. EM UM SISTEMA SILVIPASTORIL
Authors: Antonio José Soares Ferreira  , Jaqueline Macedo Gomes  , Chaiane Rodrigues Schneider
Published: September 2024

A pesquisa teve por objetivo ajustar modelos volumétricos para Khaya Senegalensis (Desr) A. Jus. A área de estudo possui 9,8 ha e está localizada no município de Lajeado Novo - MA. Em 2020 foram instaladas 37 parcelas com área de 800 m², distribuídas aleatoriamente. A partir do inventário selecionou-se 133 árvores para a cubagem rigorosa, das quais 113 foram utilizadas no ajuste das equações e 20 para validação estatística. O melhor modelo foi selecionado analisando os parâmetros: coeficiente de determinação ajustado, erro padrão de estimativa, desvio médio percentual, análise gráfica dos resíduos e valor ponderado. O modelo de Stote apresentou o melhor ajuste (R² = 0,805, Syx% = 16,84, DMP = 0,11), logo é o mais indicado para a estimativa de volume para Khaya Senegalensis (Desr) A. Jus., para a região estudada.
POTENCIAL ANTIFÚNGICO DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DE OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM CONTRA FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. TRACHEIPHILUM
Authors: Gabriel Sousa Brito  , Ivaneide de Oliveira Nascimento  , Francisco Eduardo Aragão Catunda Júnior
Published: September 2024

O emprego dos metabólitos secundários das plantas pode ser viável no desenvolvimento de drogas à base dos ativos naturais, que proporciona o controle de doenças com mesma eficiência de outras drogas utilizadas no mercado. A utilização de espécies vegetais com ação antifúngica, é considerada fonte de meio alternativo que minimiza os impactos sobre o homem e o meio ambiente. O presente estudo tem por objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações do óleo essencial do Ocimum gratissimum sobre o fungo Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Tracheiphilum, em experimento “in vitro”. Utilizou-se os tratamentos: T0= 0µL/mL, T1= 1µL/mL, T3= 3µL/mL e T5=5µL/mL, de óleo essencial em meio de cultura BDA. Os resultados demonstram a eficiência da utilização do óleo essencial com atividade antifúngica sobre o crescimento micelial do fungo em estudo em todas as concentrações, obtendo-se 100% de inibição do crescimento micelial.
RELAÇÕES ENTRE EDUCAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E CIDADANIA
Authors: Daniel Sucha Heidemann  , Leonir Lorenzetti
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho, uma pesquisa bibliográfica do tipo Estado do Conhecimento, se propõe a identificar de que modo as discussões acerca das relações entre a Cidadania e o Ensino de Ciências se inserem nas pesquisas apresentadas no Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Educação em Ciências (ENPEC) no período de 1997 a 2019. As aproximações aos 76 trabalhos analisados indicaram que as discussões sobre Cidadania no ENPEC têm surgido, de modo geral, integradas a cinco campos de estudo: o da Educação CTS, o da Alfabetização Científica e Tecnológica, o da Educação Ambiental, o da Educação em Espaços não-Formais e o da Educação em Saúde. Com base nisso, foram identificadas as principais referências utilizadas para a fundamentação de tais discussões, bem como as principais linhas de argumentação utilizadas nos trabalhos investigados para defender a importância de tais campos frente a uma formação cidadã.
DISCURSO E RESISTÊNCIA NO DOCUMENTÁRIO NEM - NOVO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Melo Patrícia Diógenes de , Silva Francisco Vieira da
Published: September 2024

O trabalho analisa, a partir de uma leitura discursiva, os movimentos de resistência que se manifestam na tessitura enunciativa do documentário NEM-Novo Ensino Médio: um fracasso anunciado (2023), do cineasta argentino-brasileiro Carlos Pronzato. O aporte teórico que norteia a análise reside especialmente em Foucault (1995; 2008a; 2010) acerca do discurso, das relações de poder e das estratégias de resistência. Em relação à metodologia, o estudo segue a arquegenealogia foucaultiana. As análises deixam entrever que os movimentos de resistências constituem relações de força por meio das quais se busca criticar o NEM, reivindicando a sua revogação, de maneira a contrapor-se aos interesses mercadológicos que subjazem a essa mudança curricular.
IMPLANTAÇÃO DO CURSO DE MAGISTÉRIO NA ESCOLA FRANCISCANA IMACULADA CONCEIÇÃO EM DOURADOS
Authors: Pizatto Adriana Mendonça , Furtado Alessandra Cristina
Published: September 2024

Esta pesquisa está inserida no conjunto de estudos acadêmicos sobre a história da formação docente no Brasil e, mais especificamente, sobre a história da formação de professores do Estado de Mato Grosso/Mato Grosso do Sul. Teve como objetivo analisar do processo de criação e instalação do Curso de Magistério na Escola Franciscana Imaculada Conceição, na década de 1970. O recorte temporal deu-se devido à Reforma de Lei n° 5.692/1971. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, foram utilizadas fontes documentais. Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio de uma perspectiva histórica. Os resultados apontam que o processo de criação e instalação do Curso de Magistério da Escola Franciscana Imaculada Conceição ocorreu devido ao fechamento do Curso Normal na Instituição decorrente da implantação da Lei n° 5.692/1971.
LITÍGIOS IMPRESSOS
Authors: Silva Manuelle Araújo da , Morais Cleidiane da Silva
Published: September 2024

Este artigo possui como objeto os debates educacionais na imprensa cearense, durante a primeira metade da década de 70 do século XIX, enfocando os escritos veiculados nos jornais Fraternidade e Tribuna Católica sobre a temática da educação religiosa na província. Objetivou-se analisar de que forma os articulistas dos referidos periódicos utilizaram a imprensa como instrumento para a difusão de projetos e anseios no que se refere ao ensino religioso. Elegeu-se uma abordagem qualitativa, com ênfase nos procedimentos metodológicos da análise documental de fontes históricas. À guisa dos encaminhamentos conclusivos, destaca-se que a imprensa, nesse período, configurava-se como um lugar de intenso debate sobre a educação religiosa, buscando pautar sua função social na regeneração dos costumes, alicerçando-se nos interesses das propostas liberais e ultramontanas. Ressalta-se, ainda, que as articulações entre imprensa e educação possuem múltiplas potencialidades para a História da Educação.
EDUCAÇÃO EMPREENDEDORA
Authors: Leite Jabes Daniela , Bezerra Menegidio Fabiano
Published: September 2024

A principal característica da Sequência Didática (SD) é o planejamento de ações para alcançar objetivos educacionais. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma SD desenvolvida para alunos de pós-graduação stricto sensu que foi dividida em três Momentos Pedagógicos (MPs) que ocorreram de forma não-linear: Conceitos, Palestras e Mentorias. Na produção inicial, os alunos foram incentivados a criar uma “empresa” e desenvolver uma ideia de produto. E a produção final consistiu na apresentação do Pitch e Business Model Canvas (BMC). Como resultado, os alunos alcançaram os objetivos propostos e superaram as expectativas por incluir entrevistas de profundidade e outras estratégias de modelagem de negócios na aplicação do conhecimento. Os resultados demonstram a importância da SD no ensino do empreendedorismo e a necessiddade de sua inserção nos programas de pós-graduação.
SOCIOLOGIA NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES
Authors: Leite Ivonaldo
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver uma incursão analítica relacionando Estágio Supervisionado e o conceito de habitus, tendo em atenção, principalmente, o habitus docente. Também considera diretrizes de políticas públicas para o Estágio Supervisionado e outras formulações conceituais, como habitus linguístico, campo e capital cultural. Trata-se de uma abordagem ancorada em um background sociológico, tendo como referência, fundamentalmente, os aportes do sociólogo francês Pierre Bourdieu. Entre as inferências decorrentes da abordagem desenvolvida, é enfatizado, por exemplo, que, por um lado, a formação docente deve ser triangulada em termos de teoria, pesquisa e prática, e, por outro lado, o Estágio Supervisionado precisa ser concebido como esfera de transição entre o ofício do aluno e o habitus de professor.
Mobile application rating scale for health professionals (pMARS) to assess the quality of mHealth applications: questionnaire development and psychometric analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Saparamadu Amarasinghe Arachchige Don Nalin Samandika , Chan Yiong Huak , Sharpe Albie
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Existing tools for evaluating mobile health apps (MHAs) are not well equipped to assess the quality of apps designed for healthcare professionals (HCPs) from their perspectives.

OBJECTIVE

Therefore, we developed a new tool based on the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS), named pMARS, and conducted a psychometric analysis of this tool.

METHODS

Phase 1 adapted MARS for use as pMARS. We established the judgment validity of pMARS through face and content validity. It also included a qualitative study conducted among HCPs to understand users’ perspectives. Phase 2 invited HCP participants to complete pMARS based on their experience with the LabMed app. We established construct validity through internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to assess the interrelations between various latent constructs. Finally, we employed item response theory (IRT) to evaluate each item’s impact on latent constructs of interest.

RESULTS

At the end of Phase 1, pMARS had 26 items across five domains: engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information, and subjective quality. Phase 2 analysis (n=218) established good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.855-0.931). SEM analysis demonstrated that functionality had the strongest influence on end-user willingness to use/recommend and purchase the MHA. IRT identified customization and interactivity of the engagement domain as having a weak impact on latent concepts, whereas entertainment has a higher impact. Ease of use and gestural design had a weak impact on the functionality domain, while arrangement and size of content and quantity and quality had a strong impact on aesthetics and information domains, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

This study introduces a novel tool, pMARS, for evaluating MHAs designed for HCPs, and is the first to use IRT in MARS or its derivatives. We recommend developing dedicated evaluation tools for HCPs and using IRT in future studies to refine pMARS by removing ineffective items.

CLINICALTRIAL

NA
Factors Influencing Malnutrition Among Older Adult Residents in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia: Sex Differential Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ghabashi Mai Adil , Azzeh Firas Sultan
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

The global population of older adults is on the rise. As people age, their physical functions gradually decline, leading to a decrease in the overall functioning of different organ systems. Due to these changes, older individuals are at a higher risk of encountering various adverse health outcomes and complications, such as malnutrition.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition and its associated factors among older adults dwelling in the western region of Saudi Arabia. We have analyzed these factors separately for both men and women to understand any potential sex differences.

METHODS

A nonrandomized cross-sectional study was conducted for older adults aged ≥60 years in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Personal information was obtained through a closed questionnaire. The Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form was used to determine the malnutrition status of older adults. Consequently, the individuals were divided into 2 groups: normal and malnourished. To assess the risk factors related to malnutrition, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were determined using a binary logistic regression.

RESULTS

The prevalence of malnutrition in men and women was around 7% and 5%, respectively. Potential risk factors related to malnutrition in men were higher age (OR 1.263, 95% CI 1.086-1.468; P=.002), being widowed (OR 8.392, 95% CI 1.002-70.258; P=.049), and having dental problems (OR 9.408, 95% CI 1.863-47.514; P=.007). On the other hand, risk factors associated with malnutrition in women were lower BMI (OR 0.843, 95% CI 0.747-0.952; P=.006) and being disabled (OR 18.089, 95% CI 0.747-0.952; P=.006).

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study provide important insights into the risk factors for malnutrition among older adults in the western region of Saudi Arabia. While the overall prevalence of malnutrition was relatively low, the analysis revealed distinct risk factors for older men and women. Interventions developed based on the identified risk factors may prove effective in addressing the issue of malnutrition within this population.

CLINICALTRIAL
Characterization of PM2.5 during ACU15 campaign in Mexico City
Authors: Castro Romero Telma , Peralta Oscar , Prieto Cristina , Santiago Naxieli , Alvarez-Ospina Harry , García Martínez Rocío , Saavedra Rosado Isabel , Espinosa Fuentes María de la Luz , Hernández Enrique , Miranda Javier , Gómez Violeta , Solís Corina , Salcedo Dara , Torres-Jardón Ricardo , Martínez-Arroyo Amparo , Ortínez Álvarez Abraham , Ruíz-Suárez Gerardo , Ortiz Elba
Published: September 2024

Mexico City emits several thousands of tons of particle matter from transportation and other economic sectors. We collected PM2.5 samples from January to March 2015. The chemical analyses showed that PM2.5 is made up of 39% organic carbon, 12% elemental carbon, 23% metals (Al, Si, S, P, and K), and 5% heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Mn, Zn, and Hg). Ca and Fe were also present in trace concentrations, probably due to the resuspension of soils. Nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium suggest that the southwest of Mexico City, specifically the sampling site, receives more oxidated pollutants from vehicle emissions than other emissions. The chemical analyses show no significant changes in the composition or concentration of particle matter compared to previous studies.
The Impact of Turnaround Strategies on SME Performance
Authors: Hasin Hanafiah , Nordin Enylina , Hussain Wan Shafizah , Fauzihardani Eka
Published: September 2024

This study examines the impact of various turnaround strategies on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Specifically, the research focuses on five key strategies: CRM, publicizing efforts, rebates, credit periods, and online business. The goal is to examine the interaction between these tremendous strategies for SME performance in business sales growth. A survey research methodology was used, and data was collected from 300 SMEs from various sectors by a structured questionnaire. Chi-square tests and regression analysis are used to establish the interaction between the company's turnaround strategies and its performance results. The result disclosed that online business was the most viable strategy for enhancing SME performance. According to the studies, CRM also positively affected business performance, even though the results differed depending on the implementation. On the other hand, credit period was a negative factor, whereby the performance of SMEs declined when credit period was offered. The influence of publicizing efforts and providing rebates yielded a moderate effect; therefore, the effectiveness of the two strategies depends on the existing context.
Re-evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Serbian version of the Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome Quality of Life questionnaire
Authors: Vujovic Sanja , Desnica Jana , Stevanovic Momir , Veselinovic Mirjana , Lucic-Tomic Aleksandra , Milovanovic Dragan
Published: September 2024

nema
Strengthening pharmacy practice: Development and validation of the Resilience Scale
Authors: Jocic Dragana
Published: September 2024

Background/Aim. Despite the demanding nature of their roles in community pharmacies and their critical importance to patient safety, healthcare professionals, including pharmacists, are often not covered by the Resilience Scale. Therefore, the aim of the study was to develop and validate a resilience scale specifically tailored for pharmacists working in community pharmacies. Methods. The study involved the development and validation of a scale aimed at assessing psychological resilience among community pharmacists. The domains and items of the scale were considered from the aspect of reviewing the available literature. Content validation by subject matter experts and subsequent computation of the content validity index ensured the scale?s content validity. Face validity assessment ensured alignment with the intended construct. The final scale was distributed to a sample of 504 community pharmacists, after which the scale was analyzed using statistical methods such as factor analysis, multiple regression, and reliability analysis. Additionally, test-retest reliability analysis was performed on 80 community pharmacists. Results. During the brainstorming sessions and focus groups, 95 items were generated within five domains ? Confidence, Agility, Coping with stress, Interpersonal relations, and Developmental thinking. Following expert review and rigorous content and face validity analyses, 30 items with Content Validity Index and Face Validity Index values surpassing 0.80 were retained. The scale exhibited strong internal consistency, with Cronbach?s alpha exceeding 0.9. Factor analysis confirmed the five-factor structure, with each component displaying high factor loadings and significant variable loadings on only one component. Conclusion. The Resilience Scale emerged as a promising tool for assessing community pharmacists? resilience, demonstrating robust psychometric properties. The study contributed validity evidence concerning content and internal structure, thereby enhancing the scale?s credibility in evaluating resilience domains within the pharmacy profession.
Bidirectional Mendelian randomization highlights causal relationships between circulating INHBC and multiple cardiometabolic diseases and traits.
Authors: Y. Loh Nellie , B. Rosoff Daniel , Richmond Rebecca , Noordam Raymond , Davey Smith George , Ray David , Karpe Fredrik , W. Lohoff Falk , Christodoulides Constantinos
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Human genetic and transgenic mouse studies have highlighted a potential liver-adipose tissue endocrine axis, involving activin C (Act-C) and/or Act-E and ALK7, influencing fat distribution and systemic metabolism. We investigated the bidirectional effects between circulating INHBC, which homodimerizes into Act-C, and adiposity traits, insulin resistance, inflammation, and cardiometabolic disease risk. Additionally, we examined if Act-C is an ALK7 ligand in human adipocytes. We used Mendelian randomization and in vitro studies in immortalized human abdominal and gluteal adipocytes. Circulating INHBC was causally linked to reduced lower-body fat, dyslipidaemia, and increased risks of coronary artery disease (CAD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Conversely, upper-body fat distribution, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, subclinical inflammation, and type 2 diabetes positively impacted plasma INHBC levels. Mechanistically, an atherogenic lipid profile may partly explain the INHBC-CAD link, while inflammation and hypertriglyceridemia may partly explain how adiposity traits affect circulating INHBC. Phenome-wide Mendelian randomization showed weak causal relationships between higher plasma INHBC and impaired kidney function and higher gout risk. In human adipocytes, recombinant Act-C activated SMAD2/3 signaling via ALK7 and suppressed lipolysis. In summary, INHBC influences systemic metabolism by activating ALK7 in adipose tissue and may serve as a drug target for atherogenic dyslipidemia, CAD, and NAFLD.

Article Highlights

· We explored the bidirectional relationships between circulating INHBC and cardiometabolic traits and diseases, and investigated whether activin C, an INHBC homodimer, acts as an ALK7 ligand in human adipocytes.

· Elevated circulating INHBC was linked to dyslipidemia, increased coronary artery disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk. Conversely, upper-body obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, inflammation, and diabetes increased circulating INHBC, potentially creating a vicious cycle. Activin C activated ALK7 signaling in adipocytes and suppressed lipolysis.

· INHBC is a novel hepatokine influencing systemic metabolism and a potential drug target for cardiometabolic diseases.
Advancing laser transmission welding for additive manufacturing: A study of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene parts
Authors: Kuklik Julian , Henzler Matthias , Staehr Richard , Jaeschke Peter , Kaierle Stefan , Overmeyer Ludger
Published: September 2024

Laser transmission welding (LTW) is a well-established technique for joining high-volume thermoplastic parts, such as automotive injection molded parts. For low-volume, prototype, and custom production, additive manufacturing is an emerging technology for producing complex thermoplastic parts. When compared to injection molding, the additive manufacturing process fused filament fabrication (FFF) results in an inhomogeneous structure with entrapped air within the volume. Additionally, the presence of short glass fibers in the polymer matrix leads to higher radiation scattering during the welding process. This paper presents a fundamental study of the weldability of additively manufactured fiber-reinforced parts. The specimens were fabricated using a FFF process with glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene (GF-PP). The study investigates the influence of layer thickness and line width of the FFF process on the optical transmittance. LTW-experiments were conducted using additively manufactured uncolored and black GF-PP samples. Lap shear test specimens were welded with a different energy per unit length. This research presents a process for welding additively manufactured GF-PP parts that can be used with optimized FFF-parameters to produce high-strength and durable prototypes or spare parts for the automotive industry. This research provides valuable insights into the process parameters and considerations required to achieve robust welds in additively manufactured thermoplastic parts, facilitating broader adoption of LTW in additive manufacturing contexts.
O poder do storytelling na recriação cultural: Uma análise da estratégia de marketing da marca Bioco Tradition
Authors:   ESGHT, Universidade do Algarve, Portugal, Silva Lurdes
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores the use of storytelling as a strategic marketing tool, focusing on Portuguese culture and the recreation of Bioco, a traditional Algarve costume, reinterpreted from a new design and modern perspective. The aim is to demonstrate how storytelling and local culture can be combined to promote regional identity. The methodology adopted includes a literature review on the concepts of storytelling and culture, and an analysis of the marketing strategy of the Bioco revitalization project. Through this approach, the advantages of applying cultural narratives in marketing strategies are investigated. The results indicate that the integration of cultural elements and the use of marketing narratives can strengthen brands' emotional connection with the public, as well as providing significant differentiation. The Bioco Tradition project illustrates how the revitalization of traditional elements can be an effective tool in building a unique identity and strengthening cultural ties.
The Impact of The Flu in an Internal Medicine Ward in Portugal: A Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Barata Beatriz , Eça Rosário , Sampaio Beatriz , Urmal Inês , Leal Mafalda , Lalanda Carlota , Pina Pereira Ana Catarina , Rebelo Maria , Salsinha Frade Jorge , Margarido Elisabete
Published: September 2024

Influenza is a sudden-onset viral illness that mainly affects the respiratory tract. Worldwide, it is responsible for 3 to 5 million cases of serious illness and up to 650.000 deaths per year. Annual vaccination is the main method of prevention and should be targeted at high-risk population groups. This retrospective study’s objective was to characterize the cases with a positive test for the influenza virus in nasopharyngeal exudate in an internal medicine ward and its risk factors. It was based on consultation of the medical records of patients hospitalized in the 2018/19 flu season, with evaluation of clinical, demographic and vaccination characteristics, the type and strain of Influenza virus, duration of hospitalization, need for oxygen therapy, use of antivirals and antibiotics and death rate. 52 patients were included, predominantly female (61.5%), with a mean age of 79.6 years. 92.3% had at least one comorbidity (in decreasing frequency: cardiovascular disease, lung disease, diabetes mellitus, cancer, immunosuppression, chronic kidney disease, obesity and liver disease). Influenza A virus was identified in all patients and of these (H3N2 in 71% and H1N1 in 15%). Only a minority (13.5%) of patients were vaccinated. Over a third of the patients had bacterial superinfection. In one fifth, antibiotic therapy was started in the emergency room but later suspended due to poor conviction of superinfection. The majority of patients (88.5%) had respiratory failure; 7.5% worsened kidney function and 2% worsened liver function. 94% of patients were medicated with oseltamivir and of these, 17% were able to complete the cycle on an outpatient basis. Mortality was 7.7%. In conclusion, the vaccination rate in the population studied was much lower than desired. The inappropriate use of antibiotic therapy in the emergency room was also noteworthy, sometimes without clear suspicion of bacterial superinfection.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Zihinsel Risk Alma Becerileri ile STEM’e Yönelik Tutumları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Alkan İclal , Yıldırım Nejmettin , Bayri Nevzat
Published: September 2024

Bu araştırmada, ortaokul öğrencilerinin fen bilimleri dersine ilişkin zihinsel risk alma becerisi algı düzeyleri ile STEM’e yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesi, cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeyi değişkenleri açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada öğrencilerin zihinsel risk alma becerileri ile STEM’e yönelik tutumları arasındaki ilişki de incelenmiştir. Araştırma, betimsel ve ilişkisel (korelasyonel) tarama modelleri kullanılarak tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 294 ortaokul öğrencisi (154 kız, 140 erkek) oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Beghetto (2009) tarafından geliştirilen, Yaman ve Köksal’ın (2014) Türkçe’ye uyarladığı “Zihinsel Risk Alma Ölçeği” ile Faber, Unfried, Wiebe, Corn, Townsend ve Collins (2013) tarafından geliştirilen, Yıldırım ve Selvi’nin (2015) Türkçe’ye uyarlamasını yaptığı “STEM Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır.
Araştırma sonuçlarına göre cinsiyet değişkeninin ortaokul öğrencilerinin fen bilimleri dersine ilişkin zihinsel risk alma becerisi algı düzeylerinde kız ve erkek öğrenciler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farkın olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sınıf düzeyi değişkenine göre ise 5. sınıf öğrencileri ile 6., 7. ve 8. sınıf öğrencileri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark gözlenmiş olup, bu farkın 5. sınıflar lehine olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin STEM’e yönelik tutum puanlarının ortalamasının iyi düzeyde olduğu gözlenmiştir. Ortaokul öğrencilerinin fen bilimleri dersine ilişkin zihinsel risk alma becerisi algısı ile STEM’e yönelik tutum arasında regresyon analizi sonucunda elde edilen R=0.705 değeri ikili arasında güçlü pozitif yönde bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, zihinsel risk alma becerilerinin STEM alanında başarıyı desteklediğini ve fen bilimlerine olan bakış açılarını olumlu etkilediğini göstermektedir.
The Results of the Sale of Timber at Organized Auctions Harvested by State (Municipal) Institutions in 2023
Authors: Ушмодин А.В.
Published: September 2024

Подведены итоги реализации на организованных торгах древесины, заготовленной государственными (муниципальными) учреждениями в 2023 г. в соответствии со ст. 19 Лесного кодекса РФ. Проанализирована структура реализации лесоматериалов и выявлены ее недостатки. Разработана экономико-математическая модель доходности 1 усл. м3древесины на основе товарных таблиц и средних цен реализации лесоматериалов на организованных торгах. Показана убыточность торговли хлыстами. Подготовлена методика планирования доходов от реализации древесины, заготовленной государственными (муниципальными) учреждениями, на основе товарных таблиц и средних цен реализации лесоматериалов, а также экономико-математической модели доходности 1 усл. м3 древесины, реализуемого на организованных торгах; предложены новые показатели отраслевой отчетности.

The results of the sale of timber at organized auctions harvested by state (municipal) institutions in 2023 specified in Article 19 of the Forest Code are summarized. The analysis of the structure of timber sold at organized auctions was carried out, and the negative phenomena of the structure were revealed. A mathematical model of the profitability of the 1st conditional m3 of wood has been developed based on the average selling prices of timber sold at organized auctions. The unprofitability of trading whips has been proven. The methodology of income planning for the sale of timber at organized auctions, harvested by state (municipal) institutions on the basis of average prices for the sale of timber sold at organized auctions, indicators of industry reporting is proposed.