bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financiamento intergovernamental de políticas prisionais : continuidades e descontinuidades?
Authors: Duarte Thais Lemos , Martino Natália , Ribeiro Ludmila , Sátyro Natália
Published: April 2024

Neste estudo, foram analisados os repasses do Fundo Penitenciário Nacional (Funpen), criado pela Lei Complementar (LC) nº 79, de 7 de janeiro de 1994, com a finalidade de financiar políticas prisionais nas Unidades da Federação (UFs). O objetivo é entender os fatores associados aos valores repassados pelo Funpen para os estados entre 1995 e 2018. Para tanto, trabalhamos com algumas hipóteses exploratórias que serão apresentadas após melhor delineamento de nosso objeto de estudo.
On the nonstandard maximum principle and its application for construction of monotone finite-difference schemes for multidimensional quasilinear parabolic equations
Authors: Hieu Le Minh , Xuan Nguyen Huu Nguyen , Thanh Dang Ngoc Hoang
Published: April 2024

UDC 517.9
We consider the difference maximum principle with input data of variable sign and its application to the investigation of the monotonicity and convergence of finite-difference schemes (FDSs). Namely, we consider the Dirichlet initial-boundary value problem for multidimensional quasilinear parabolic equation with an unbounded nonlinearity. Unconditionally monotone linearized finite-difference schemes of the second-order of accuracy are constructed on uniform grids. A two-sided estimate for the grid solution, which is completely consistent with similar estimates for the exact solution, is obtained. These estimates are used to prove the convergence of FDSs in the grid

L
2

-norm. We also present a study aimed at constructing second-order monotone difference schemes for the parabolic convection-diffusion equation with boundary conditions of the third kind and unlimited nonlinearity without using the initial differential equation on the domain boundaries. The goal is a combination of the assumption of existence and uniqueness of a smooth solution and the regularization principle. In this case, the boundary conditions  are directly approximated on a two-point stencil of the second order.
Evolution of the Sharkovsky theorem
Authors: Blokh Alexander , Misiurewicz Michał
Published: April 2024

UDC 517.9
We briefly describe some results that evolved from the Sharkovsky theorem.
Primes of the form

[

n
c

]

with square-free

n
Authors: Dimitrov S. I.
Published: April 2024

UDC 621
Let

[

⋅

]

be the floor function. We show that if

1
<
c
<

3849
3334

,

then there exist infinitely many prime numbers of the form 

[

n
c

]

,

where

n

is square-free.
Sufficient conditions and radius problems for the Silverman class
Authors: Kumar S. Sivaprasad , Priyanka Priyanka
Published: April 2024

UDC 517.5
For

0
<
α
≤
1

and

λ
>
0
,

let  The general form of the Silverman class introduced by Tuneski and Irmak [Int. J. Math. and Math. Sci., {\bf 2006}, Article~ID 38089 (2006)].  Our differential inequality formulation lays out several sufficient conditions for this class.  Further, we consider a class

Ω

given by  For these two classes, we establish inclusion relations involving some well-known subclasses of

𝒮
*

and compute radius estimates featuring various pairings of these classes.
Про неперервне продовження на межу області інтеграла типу Коші із залежною від параметра щільністю
Authors: Plaksa S.
Published: April 2024

УДК 517.54
Встановлено достатні умови неперервного продовження інтеграла типу Коші, щільність якого залежить від параметра, на негладку лінію інтегрування.
Prototype Biodiversity Digital Twin: Crop Wild Relatives Genetic Resources for Food Security
Authors: Chala Desalegn , Kusch Erik , Weiland Claus , Andrew Carrie , Grieb Jonas , Rossi Tuomas , Martinovic Tomas , Endresen Dag
Published: April 2024

Amidst population growth and climate-driven crop stresses, ensuring food security demands innovative strategies. Crop wild relatives (CWR), wild plants in the same genus as the crop, offer novel genetic resources crucial for enhancing crop resilience. Here, we introduce a prototype digital twin (pDT) to aid in searching and utilising CWR genetic resources. Leveraging the MoDGP (Modeling the Germplasm of Interest) tool, the pDT enables mapping geographic areas where stress-tolerant CWR populations can be found. With its graphical user interface, it offers flexibility in selecting genetic resources from CWR tailored to enhance resilience of various crops against diverse stress factors.
Description of the larva of Cybister lewisianus Sharp, 1873 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Cybistrinae)
Authors: Watanabe Kohei , Hayashi Masakazu
Published: April 2024

We describe for the first time, the larvae of Cybister (Cybister) lewisianus Sharp, 1873, an endangered species of diving beetle in Japan, emphasizing the chaetotaxy of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment, and urogomphi. Cybister lewisianus larvae are characterized by a longer third article of antenna 3 than the sum of the first and second articles; rounded apex of parietal setae 1–3; labium seta 8 absent; elongated trochanter seta 4, not multi-branched; rounded apex of abdominal setae 1, 12, and 13 (instar I); narrow lateral projections of the frontoclypeus; pronotum without two dark-brown longitudinal stripes dorsally (instar III); and the base of the thick row of small setae on the inner edge of the mandible angulate and projecting medially (all instars).
La musique d’ambiance en point de vente, entre résultats de recherches et pratiques des distributeurs
Authors: Sbai Imane , Bahoussa Abdelaziz
Published: April 2024

Les recherches antérieures se sont occupées principalement de démontrer l’effet de la musique d’ambiance le comportement du consommateur. Néanmoins, nous ne trouvons pas d’études qui cherchent à comprendre et élucider la pratique de la musique d’ambiance dans les points de vente. Dans cette perspective, notre étude cherche à combler ce manque de travaux en réalisant une étude empirique dans un contexte marocain caractérisé par un patrimoine musicale riche et diversifié. Nous avons conduit 26 entretiens individuels auprès des responsables et des vendeurs des magasins et restaurants qui diffusent de la musique de fond. Les conclusions ont révélé que la gestion de la musique d’ambiance s’effectue d’une manière intuitive, sans faire recours à des professionnels du design sonore. Les choix et décisions prises reposent sur les préférences, perceptions et volontés des responsables et des vendeurs. Ce manque de stratégie sonore peut être lié aux ressources disponibles en termes de compétences, mais surtout à la volonté de l’enseigne de mettre en valeur l’un de ses éléments atmosphériques, à savoir la musique d’ambiance. Il est recommandé aux managers de recourir à des professionnels en design sonore et d’établir des indicateurs pour mesurer les réponses des clients vis-à-vis de la musique d’ambiance. Notre recherche se distingue en tant qu’une des rares études consacrées à une analyse approfondie de la pratique de la musique d’ambiance dans les environnements commerciaux. Les conclusions ont non seulement confirmé des constats issus des travaux antérieurs, mais ont fourni des nouvelles découvertes et clarifications en ce qui concerne la mise en œuvre de la musique d’ambiance.
Twitter Chats as an Alternative to Discussion Boards in Graduate Nursing Courses
Authors: Potts Maryellen , Schaller Frank
Published: April 2024

Background

Health care is increasingly dependent on technology and social media for communication. Nurse educators are tasked with developing a nursing workforce equipped with digital literacy to deliver safe, quality patient care. Twitter (now X) chats are an alternative social engagement opportunity for online nursing education students that can facilitate digital literacy.

Method

The instructor of an 8-week online nursing education course revised three required discussions as Twitter chats. Written instructions for the Twitter chats were provided, as well as a podcast. Self-report data and Twitter analytics were analyzed.

Results

Findings identified the benefits of incorporating a social media platform into traditional coursework. Chats helped students view course objectives in a new light and increased understanding of class content.

Conclusion

Twitter is a social media technology that can help nursing students educationally and professionally.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(10):709–712.]
Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity behavior among students in Somalia
Authors: Al-Mhanna Sameer Badri , Batrakoulis Alexios , Sheikh Abdulrahman M. , Aldayel Abdulaziz A. , Sabo Abdulwali , Mohamed Mahaneem , Afolabi Hafeez Abiola , Ahmed Abdirizak Yusuf , Mohamed Sahra Isse , Gülü Mehmet , Ghazali Wan Syaheedah Wan
Published: April 2024

Background

Due to the worldwide reach of the COVID-19 pandemic, authorities across the globe deemed it essential to enforce exceptional containment measures. Maintaining physical activity (PA) during this time was only feasible through engaging in activities at home. Therefore, this study focused on elucidating the levels of PA and well-being among Somali students in the aftermath of the lockdown measures implemented by governments at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

This study was conducted in Somalia among undergraduate students studying at Somali International University. A total of 1266 students were included in the present study. An online survey was utilized to measure participant PA behavior. The assessment of PA was conducted in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, utilizing the Godin Leisure questionnaire. The study showed that 85.8% of the study participants (n = 1086) were between the ages of 17 and 22. More than half of the participants (58.7%, n = 743) were female and had no other employment (57.3%, n = 743).

Results

Jogging was the most frequently reported PA (57.3%, n = 726), and PA level was on average 59.7 minutes per day (SD = 25.9). Also, most of the study participants were in their last year (82.1%). In the regression analysis, age, gender, academic year, and work status were significant predictors of being physically active after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion

Factors affecting PA after the COVID-19 pandemic include age, gender, academic year, and work status. Males, younger individuals, and those who engage in outdoor exercise are more likely to be physically active. Once the COVID-19 restrictions were relaxed, undergraduate students in Somalia were physically active. A high level of PA appears to be advantageous for public health. Universities in Somalia should uphold school policies that promote an active lifestyle among students, aiming to maintain or enhance the existing level of PA.
Performance of Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Recycled Aggregates and Recycled Steel Fibers
Authors: Hichem Mahieddine , Kada Ayed , Karim Belmokretar , Azzaz Mohamed , Mohammed Ezziane , Leklou Nordine
Published: April 2024

Since the inception of self-compacting concrete, there has been a growing interest in integrating waste materials into its composition. This study explores the performance of self-compacting concrete and fibered self-compacting concrete, incorporating recycled aggregates sourced from the demolition and crushing of previously tested specimens. Additionally, it investigates the influence of steel fibers, both of commercial origin and those recycled from waste tires. The analysis spans both the fresh and hardened states, encompassing twelve concrete mixtures to assess workability (through measurements such as slump flow, T500, and L-BOX), segregation resistance, compressive strength, and flexural strength. Furthermore, the durability of these concrete mixtures is evaluated by examining mass loss and compressive strength after 56 days of exposure to acidic environments (HCl and H2SO4). The study is organized into three distinct series of concrete mixtures. The first series explores concrete without any fiber additives, focusing on replacing filler limestone with recycled concrete powder and/or substituting coarse aggregates with recycled concrete aggregates. In the second series, commercial fibers are introduced at a dosage of 30 kg/m³. The third series replaces the commercial fibers with recycled fibers with hooked ends. The assessment of the hardened state reveals enhanced mechanical properties in the case of fibered self-compacting concrete (compressive strength increased by more than 9%, and flexural strength increased by more than 8%). Notably, the results highlight that recycled aggregates exhibit improved resistance to HCl acid attack. Interestingly, the replacement of commercial fibers with recycled fibers does not substantially affect the concrete's resistance to acid exposure.
Exploring the Influence of Plastic Powder Incorporation on Geotechnical Properties of Expansive Soil Stabilized with Granite Powder for Building Applications
Authors: Sellaf Hamid , Benamar Balegh , Hadj Mostefa Adda
Published: April 2024

An experimental study was undertaken to investigate the effect of plastic and granite waste powder on the geotechnical performance of expansive soil, using different mix ratios. The soil studied is Hachem, in the northwestof Algeria. In this context, first reinforcing the plastic powder with granite powder, then add the mixture to the expansive soil. The percentage of plastic powder is (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%) and reinforced at 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% with granite powder. The experimental results showed a gradual decrease in liquid limits, swell potentials, and swelling pressure as the proportions of plastic and granite powder increase. In terms of the results obtained by reducing swelling and swelling pressure values and increasing unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests and ductility values, this mixture of waste plastics and granite can be of great importance in improving the mechanical properties of samples.
Quantification and Optimization of Compaction Energy Used in Earth Construction: Case of Static and Dynamic Compaction
Authors: Dialmy Atar , Rguig Mustapha , Meliani Mehdi
Published: April 2024

Earth construction is a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to building. In addition to their good thermal performance, earth materials are abundant, inexpensive, and readily available, reducing the need for resource-intensive materials like concrete and steel. Regarding the construction process of earth structures, which is based on compaction, there is often a difference between the laboratory compaction process and the onsite one. The energy consumed onsite to produce earth structures is still approximative and uncontrolled, which affects considerably the mechanical performances of earth walls. Then, the investigation of the optimal compaction energy is necessary. To optimize the on-site compaction energy used in rammed earth (RE), an experimental study is carried out to compare the dynamic compaction usually applied to produce RE walls to the static compaction using a mechanical press. By considering increasing dynamic and static energies, the physical and mechanical properties are analyzed for each case. The obtained results show that RE walls can be replaced by prefabricated pressed earth blocks where the compaction energy is reduced by 60% and the compressive strength is enhanced by 70% using static compaction, thus achieving 4 MPa without stabilization. This solution allows to reduce the execution time and to control the quality of earth buildings.
Replica ai commenti ricevuti
Authors: D'Elia Luigi
Published: April 2024

Nulla può far sentire realizzati, per chi scrive un contributo scientifico, più del ricevere commenti e critiche costruttive ed intelligenti. Solo questo può essere il percorso virtuoso di qualunque costrutto o qualunque idea in qualunque ambito scientifico-professionale rispettabile: lo scambio, il confronto, le confutazioni, la reciproca ispirazione per nuove idee. E questo può accadere – ed accade assai raramente – solo all’interno di comunità scientifiche e professionali dove si mantiene dritta la rotta verso gli obiettivi comuni del progresso e degli interessi umanitari e dove le dinamiche di potere e competizione sono mitigate. [...]
Editoriale
Authors: Vanni Fabio
Published: April 2024

Con il numero che avete in mano, o sul vostro schermo, Ricerca Psicoanalitica propone due stimoli che riteniamo di notevole interesse oggi. Lo facciamo attraverso una formula che abbiamo utilizzato anche di recente e che mette attorno ad un tavolo virtuale un autore che propone un suo pensiero e alcuni discussants che lo commentano per poi restituire la parola al primo per una replica. [...]
Tissue Microarray Immunohistochemical Staining for Androgen Receptor in Breast Cancer in a Ghanaian Cohort
Authors: Duduyemi Babatunde M. , Ayibor William G. , Agyemang-Yeboah Francis
Published: April 2024

Background:

Despite the advancement in therapy, breast cancer still remains the most common malignancy in women globally due in part to its heterogeneity. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents up to 20% of all breast cancer variants, an aggressive disease with poorer outcomes compared to other breast cancer subtypes. No targeted therapies are currently approved for TNBC, and newer treatment approaches are seriously needed. Androgen receptor (AR), another hormonal receptor, is often expressed in breast cancer, and its role depends on the relative levels of circulating estrogens and androgens. This study aimed to assess the expression of AR in breast cancer in a tertiary hospital in Ghana.

Methodology:

Immunohistochemical staining for AR was performed on tissue microarray (TMA) blocks, of which estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Her-2/neu had already been done. 197 cases were suitable for the study. Results from the immunostaining were analyzed using the SPSS version 23 for descriptive statistics and correlations (χ2 and Pearson tests).

Results:

197 TMA cases were used. TNBCs constitute 61.9% of the cancers. The majority of these tumors were grade III, ductal carcinoma NST. The mean age was 49.86 ± 14.09, and the modal age group was 40–49 years. Our cases showed 23% AR expression in triple-negative cancers. The study also established that AR is more frequently expressed in low-grade tumors compared to high-grade ones.

Conclusion:

There is an appreciable level of AR expression in our cases; however, most are quadruple negative. However, AR is more frequently expressed in low-grade tumors than high-grade ones.
Anticancer properties of melatonin and its role as an adjuvant in cancer treatment
Authors: Nair Abhijit
Published: April 2024

Melatonin is an important hormone secreted from the pineal gland that mediates several biological functions in humans through circadian rhythm. The multimodal properties of melatonin when administered systemically have generated a lot of interest among researchers. The anticancer properties of melatonin per se and its importance in cancer patients when used as an adjunct to ongoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy have led to tremendous research in animals and humans with encouraging results. The present write-up discusses the current evidence of using melatonin as an adjunct in hormone-dependent and hormone-independent cancers.
Atypical MYC rearrangement pattern of 3’ deletion and 5’ amplification along with independent IGH rearrangement
Authors: Kandoor Sandhya , Kate Ushang , Deb Prabal , Mehta Sangita S. , Kanda Kumar B Vignesh , Pais Anurita P.
Published: April 2024

A spectrum of Cellular homolog of the v-myc oncogene (cMYC) alterations such as translocation, overexpression, mutation, and amplification plays an important role in lymphomagenesis, particularly in high-grade lymphomas, and are associated with prognostic significance. Accurate identification of cMYC gene alteration is important for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications. With the application of different FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) probes that helped overcome the analytical diagnostic challenges as a result of variant patterns, we report rare, concomitant, and independent gene alterations in cMYC and Immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene (IGH) with detailed characterization of its variant rearrangement. Short-term follow-up post R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) therapy seemed to be favorable. Accumulation of many more literature studies on such cases with their therapeutic implications would lead to the categorization of these cases as a separate subclass in large B-cell lymphomas followed by molecular targeted therapy.
An alternative method for reconstructing anterior segmental mandibulectomy defects with a plate and pectoral major muscle flap
Authors: Riju Jeyashanth , Paul Arun , Ajit C , Tirkey Amit Jiwan
Published: April 2024

Background:

Reconstruction of anterior segmental mandibulectomy still remains a challenge. Osteocutaneous free flap remains the ideal choice of reconstruction because it restores cosmesis and function. The use of other locoregional flaps compromises cosmesis and function. Here, we have introduced a unique technique of reconstruction with lingual cortex mandibular plate as an alternate choice for free flap.

Method:

Six patients aged 12–62 years underwent oncological resection for oral cancer which involved the anterior segment of the mandible. Following resection, they underwent lingual cortex mandibular plating with pectoralis major myocutaneous flap reconstruction. Adjuvant radiotherapy was delivered to all patients.

Results:

The mean bony defect was 9.2 cm. There were no significant perioperative events related to the surgery. None required tracheostomy and all were safely extubated with no post-surgical complications. The cosmetic and functional outcomes were acceptable. Following the completion of radiotherapy with a median follow-up of 11 months, Plate exposure occurred in one patient.

Conclusion:

The technique is cheap, quick and simple, and can be effectively applied in resource-constrained and demanding situations. It is possible to consider this as an alternative treatment strategy for osteocutaneous free flap in anterior segmental defects.
Microarray analysis reveals distinct immune signatures in BCR-ABL positive and negative myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Ross Cecil , Sharma Mugdha , Paul John , Srivastava Sweta
Published: April 2024

Background:

BCR-ABL mutation on the Philadelphia chromosome is the key driver of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) pathogenesis. However, there are certain cases of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) wherein no inherent driver mutation is detected resulting in clinical phenotype. It is important to identify key genes and pathways in driving the disease. The aim of the study was to use a gene-based omics approach to molecularly characterize these mutation-positive and negative cases to further strengthen diagnostics and precision medicine.

Methods:

A microarray profiling was done on CD34 positive cells isolated from two BCR-ABL positive and five BCR-ABL negative samples. JAK2V617F mutation testing was also done to rule out the presence of any other mutation in the latter group. The fold change cut-off was taken as ±1.5 with p≤0.5 for significant genes. The gene network and pathway analysis were done using DAVID and STRING software.

Results:

The genes upregulated in BCR-ABL negative samples were shown to be involved in immune regulation, signal transduction and T- and B-cell signalling. The protein-protein interaction network of upregulated genes in these samples were enriched for various immunomodulatory genes such as HLADP, HLADQ, IL7R, CCR7, CD3 subtypes. These genes further formed a network with signal transduction genes such as LCK, FYN, RAG1, DOCK1, AKT3, SMAD3, LEF1.

Conclusion:

The results suggested a modulation of immune response genes and its subsequent effect on oncogenic signalling in BCR-ABL negative samples as compared to BCR-ABL positive samples. The protein network analysis was enriched for genes involved in Src, TGF-beta and PI3K-AKT pathway contributing to the proliferation of neoplastic clone.
Adjuvant versus early Salvage radiation therapy for prostate cancer with adverse pathological features on radical prostatectomy—Do we finally have an answer?
Authors: Jain Saurabh , Mallick Indranil , Tamhankar Ashwin S , Gautam Gagan
Published: April 2024

Background:

The presence of adverse pathological features like extraprostatic extension, seminal vesicle involvement, or positive margins at radical prostatectomy incurs a high risk of postoperative recurrence. Currently, adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) is the standard of care in these patients, while early salvage radiotherapy (eSRT) is a potential alternative strategy.

Aims:

The purpose of this paper is to review the latest evidence comparing outcomes of adjuvant versus early SRT in this clinical scenario.

Materials and Methods:

A systematic review of Google Scholar, PubMed/Medline, and EMBASE was done to identify relevant studies published in the English language, regarding outcomes of adjuvant radiotherapy and early SRT in post radical prostatectomy patients. Twelve studies, including six randomized trials, four retrospective studies, one systematic review, and one metanalysis were included in the final analysis.

Results:

We found that initial randomized trials demonstrated better event-free survival with adjuvant radiotherapy when compared to observation alone. However, ART was associated with increased risk of overtreatment and thus increased radiation-related toxicity rates.

Conclusion:

Preliminary evidence from recently reported RCTs suggests that eSRT may provide equivalent oncological outcomes to ART in prostate cancer patients with adverse pathology on radical prostatectomy while decreasing unnecessary treatment and radiation-related toxicity in a significant proportion of patients. However, the final verdict would be delivered after the long-term metastasis-free survival and overall survival outcomes are available.
Marathi translation, linguistic validation, and cross-cultural adaptation of speech handicap index and voice handicap index in patients of head and neck squamous cell cancer
Authors: Waghmare Chaitali M , Aggarwal Vasundhara , Kharde Anup L , Jain Vandana S , Thakur Pradeep Kumar
Published: April 2024

Background:

Patient reported treatment outcomes is a better way to measure the quality of life (QOL). This study was undertaken to translate the speech handicap index (SHI) and voice handicap index (VHI) in Marathi language and its linguistic validation and cross-cultural adaptation in patients of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC).

Methods:

SHI and VHI were translated into Marathi with prior permission from the respective authors of original English questionnaire (RAs). The translation procedure for each tool included two forward translations (English to Marathi), the formation of first intermediate Marathi translation (FIT), two back translations (Marathi to English) of FIT, and interim Marathi translation (IT) formation. The second intermediate Marathi translation (SIT) was prepared after face validation of IT by a subject expert. Pretesting of SIT was done in 20 patients of HNSCC to validate linguistic and cross-cultural adaptation. By incorporating the patient's suggestions, the final Marathi translation was prepared and sent to primary authors for approval.

Results:

The grammatically and conceptually acceptable and face validated SIT was prepared and administered to HNSCC patients. The patients of the oral cavity and larynx were in SHI and VHI group, respectively (ten patients in each group). The questionnaire was well understood reflecting its linguistic and cross-cultural adaptation. Some of the patients suggested changes in a few words which were then corrected, rechecked with back translation, and final Marathi translated questionnaire was prepared. It was approved by RAs.

Conclusion:

Marathi translation of SHI and VHI are well accepted and comprehensible. It can be used for future studies.
Submandibular gland extirpation during neck dissection, is it truly justified?
Authors: Kalloli Mahesh , Patil Rashmi S. , Singh Rahul , Prabhu Namdeo , Issrani Rakhi
Published: April 2024

Background:

There is no oncologic basis for the extirpation of the submandibular gland (SMG) in early oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) unless the SMG is truly infiltrated by the tumor. The study aimed at assessing the true involvement of SMG in OSCC and to determine whether the gland extirpation in all cases is justified.

Methods:

This study prospectively evaluated the pathological involvement of SMG by OSCC in 281 patients, who were diagnosed with OSCC and underwent wide local excision of the primary tumor with simultaneous neck dissection.

Results:

Among 281 patients, 29 (10%) cases underwent bilateral neck dissection. A total of 310 SMG were evaluated. Involvement of SMG was seen in 5 (1.6%) cases. SMG metastases from Level Ib were seen in 3 (0.9%) of cases, whereas 0.6% showed direct SMG infiltration from the primary tumor. The advanced floor of mouth and lower alveolus cases had a higher tendency to infiltrate SMG. In none of the cases, bilateral or contralateral SMG was involved.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study show that the extirpation of SMG in all cases is truly irrational. Preserving the SMG is justified in early OSCC with no nodal metastasis. However, SMG preservation is case dependent and is an individual preference. Further studies are required to assess the locoregional control rate and salivary flow rate in postradiotherapy cases where SMG is preserved.
Accuracy of digital mammography, ultrasound and MRI in predicting the pathological complete response and residual tumor size of breast cancer after completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Sudhir Rashmi , Koppula Veeraiah Chaudhary , Rao T Subramanyeshwar , Sannapareddy Kamala , Rajappa Senthil J , Murthy Sudha S
Published: April 2024

Background:

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is the standard of care for the treatment of locally advanced or non-metastatic breast cancer, which may increase the chances of breast conservative surgery (BCS) in place of radical mastectomy without compromising on the overall survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of mammography (MG), ultrasound (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting the complete response and to assess the extent of residual breast cancer in women treated with NACT.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty-six consecutive patients with stage II or III breast cancer, who underwent imaging evaluation of breast with digital mammogram, US, and MRI after NACT and before the breast surgery, were included in the study. For each patient, pathologic complete response (pCR) or residual tumor (non-pCR) was predicted and the maximum extent of the residual tumor was measured on each imaging modality. These measurements were subsequently compared with the final histopathology results.

Results:

Of 56 patients, 22 showed pCR with MRI having better accuracy for predicting complete response than the MG and US (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.86, 0.68, and 0.65, respectively; p = 0.0001 for MRI; p = 0.06 for MG, and p = 0.02 for US). The sensitivity of MRI for detecting pCR was 72.7%; specificity and positive predictive value were 100%. For pathological residual tumor, the size measured on MRI showed significantly higher correlation with the pathologic size (correlation coefficient, r = 0.786), than the MG (r = 0.293) and US (r = 0.508) with P < 0.05.

Conclusions:

Accuracy of MRI for predicting pathological complete response was significantly higher than the MG and US. Pathologic residual tumor size was also more precisely reflected by the longest tumor dimension on MRI with the strong positive correlation coefficient.
Unusual presentation of Langerhans cell sarcoma as bilateral submandibular gland swelling – A rare case report
Authors: Mohanty Pranita , Sahoo Nibedita , Lenka Anasuya , Bhattacharyya Suvodip
Published: April 2024

Langerhans cell sarcoma (LCS) is a rare malignant tumor of Langerhans cells and uncommonly involves head and neck regions. Unlike Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), it has an aggressive clinical course with malignant cytological features. Till now, a handful of cases have been reported and the common anatomical sites involved are skin, lymph node, and bone in loco – regional cases and lymph node, lung, liver, spleen, and bone in disseminated disease. Due to its rarity, standard protocols of treatment for these patients are not yet well established. Herein, we report such a case in a 25-year-old male presenting with a bilateral submandibular swelling, which was diagnosed as LCH on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and later confirmed to be a case of LCS in histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry. The authors are aware of only a single similar case being reported in the English literature.
Tumor volume as a prognostic factor on the median survival in locally advanced oral cancer treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Janmunee Narumon , Peerawong Thanarpan , Rordlamool Paytai , Bridthikitti Jidapa , Tangthongkum Manupol , Kongkamol Chanon , Hirunpat Siriporn
Published: April 2024

Background:

Surgery has been the mainstay treatment for oral cancer. Patients who do not receive surgery are generally treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Many factors play a role in patients’ survival; tumor volume might be one of those factors. This study aims to determine the effect of the pre-treatment tumor volume on the survival of oral cancer.

Methods:

Retrospective study of patients with histological confirmed squamous cell carcinoma, stage III–IV oral cancer, who received definitive CCRT. Tumor volume from pre-treatment computed tomography (CT) scans were reviewed and analyzed. The optimal cut-off tumor volume was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results:

Among 67 patients, half of the primary tumor sites were oral tongue. The median total tumor volume (TTV) was 73.25 cm3, while the median survival was 12.5 months (95% confidence interval: 10.9-20.3). The optimal cut-off TTV ≥52.9 cm3 (P < 0.0001). The median survival of the patients, who had tumor volume <52.9 cm3 were 34.4 months, and for tumor volume ≥52.9 cm3 were 8.6 months (P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that TTV ≥52.9 cm3, and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) or volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique had significantly influenced the overall survival.

Conclusion:

TTV had an influence on the overall survival of locally advanced oral cancer. In addition, TTV may be considered as a factor in selecting the appropriate treatment option for these patients.
The VES-13 and G-8 tools as predictors of toxicity associated with aromatase inhibitors in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer in elderly patients
Authors: Irelli Azzurra , Sirufo Maria Maddalena , Scipioni Teresa , Aielli Federica , Martella Francesco , Ginaldi Lia , Pancotti Amedeo , Martinis Massimo De
Published: April 2024

Background:

Adjuvant hormone treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer is mainly based on aromatase inhibitors. Adverse events associated with such class of drugs are particularly severe in elderly patients. Therefore, we investigated the possibility of ab initio predict which elderly patients could encounter toxicity.

Methods:

In light of national and international oncological guidelines recommending the use of screening tests for multidimensional geriatric assessment in elderly patients aged ≥70 years and eligible for active cancer treatment, we assessed whether the Vulnerable Elder Survey (VES)-13 and the Geriatric (G)-8 could be predictors of toxicity associated with aromatase inhibitors. Seventy-seven consecutive patients aged ≥70 diagnosed with non-metastatic hormone-responsive breast cancer and therefore eligible for adjuvant hormone therapy with aromatase inhibitors, were screened with the VES-13 and the G-8, and underwent a six-monthly clinical and instrumental follow-up in our medical oncology unit, from September 2016 to March 2019 (30 months). Said patients were identified as vulnerable (VES-13 score ≥3 or G-8 score ≤14) and fit (VES-13 score <3 or G-8 score >14). The likelihood of experiencing toxicity is greater among vulnerable patients.

Results:

The correlation between the VES-13 or the G-8 tools and the presence of adverse events is equal to 85.7% (p = 0.03). The VES-13 demonstrated 76.9% sensitivity, 90.2% specificity, 80.0% positive predictive value, 88.5% negative predictive value. The G-8 demonstrated 79.2% sensitivity, 88.7% specificity, 76% positive predictive value, 90.4% negative predictive value.

Conclusion:

The VES-13 and the G-8 tools could be valuable predictors of the onset of toxicity associated with aromatase inhibitors in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer in elderly patients aged ≥70.
A Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Individualistic, Unique Hard- and Soft-tissue Parameters of the Face on Buccal Corridors in Adolescents and Adults with Angle’s Class I and Angle’s Class II Division 1 Malocclusion
Authors: Priyadarshini Maitreye , Joneja Purva , Pawar Oshin , Bhuyan Shivani , Samreen Shama , Singh Shwetneel
Published: April 2024

Background and Objectives:

This study was designed to determine the relationship between the parameters: buccal corridor, buccal corridor linear ratio (BCLR), upper intercanine width, intermolar width, and premolar basal arch width on a posed smile in adolescents and adults. The buccal corridor affects smile esthetics; hence, it is important to see its correlation with intercanine width. In addition, the study aimed to determine if the buccal corridor changes adversely in Class I and Class II Division 1 malocclusion patients and during growth.

Materials and Methods:

Posed smile and standard full-front face photographs of 150 patients were taken. Group A consisted of 50 adolescent patients between the ages of 11 and 14 years, divided equally based on malocclusion type. Group B consisted of 100 young adults between the ages of 18 and 25 years, divided equally into Class I and Class II Division 1 malocclusion. The parameters calibrated in the photographs were: upper intercanine distance, intercanthal distance, intercommisure width, difference between intercanthal and intercommisure width, distance between the last visible teeth in the maxilla, and BCLR.

Results:

The results of this study were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Chi-square tests. The analysis showed a significant correlation between BCLR, intercanine width, distance from the last visible teeth, intercanthal distance, and intercommisure width, and their difference varied significantly among males and females, with P < 0.05.

Conclusion:

This study concluded that the buccal corridor and intercanine width vary with age and gender. The buccal corridor is usually wider in young adults than in adolescent children.
Clinical Outcomes of Implant-supported Fixed Dental Prosthesis for Full-mouth Rehabilitation Using Different Restorative Materials: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kumbhare Ruchita S. , Banerjee Rajlakshmi , Tekale Rahul , Jaiswal Priti , Patil Rohit , Torane Abhishek
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

A fixed dental prosthesis supported by implants can be made from a variety of restorative materials for full-mouth rehabilitation. Since scientific study on the materials utilized has a variety of design features, evaluating the effects of various prosthetic materials on the oral environment is a challenge. Furthermore, the impact of prosthodontic material choice on the clinical outcome is still not entirely clear. The current systematic review’s goal was to examine how different restorative materials performed clinically in patients who were receiving fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) supported by implants.

Materials and Methods:

Using the developed search approach, a systematic electronic search was conducted. “Does the use of different restorative materials have any effect on the clinical outcomes of full-mouth rehabilitation with implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis?” was the main research question for this study, which was formulated using the Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) framework.

Results:

Technical issues were far more common than biological ones, with “fracture of veneering material” and “fracture of framework” being the most frequent technical mishaps. The most common biological outcome was “marginal bone loss of 2 mm.”

Conclusions:

The clinical results of rehabilitation using implant-supported FDPs are significantly influenced by the prosthesis’s design and manufacturing process as well as the restorative material. To ascertain the use of innovative materials and specify their precise therapeutic indications with randomized clinical trials and extended follow-up, more comparative clinical investigations are needed.
Assessment of Awareness and Knowledge of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer among Accredited Social Health Activist Workers from Randomly Selected Blocks of Thrissur District, Kerala, India: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Davis C Roma , Thomas Jubin , Akhil S. , Menon Sujith , Peter Ani John , Raj Amal
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Oral and oropharyngeal cancers are prevalent in the head-and-neck region, with global rates decreasing. However, in India, they are rising due to a lack of knowledge about risk factors and symptoms. The Indian government launched the National Health Mission to provide accessible, affordable, and reliable primary health care. Accredited social health activist (ASHA) workers can link health services to rural people. This study aimed to evaluate the awareness level among these workers about potentially malignant oral disorders and oral cancer (OC).

Materials and Methods:

A predesigned semi-structured questionnaire-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 voluntary ASHA workers from randomly selected blocks of Thrissur district, Kerala, to collect the data.

Results:

Our study showed that the majority of ASHA workers (82.3%) were aware of the role of tobacco in OC. A substantial portion of workers (88.4%) expressed that early detection of OC is possible at its initial stage. Less than 10% (7.5%) of all the ASHA workers were educated by dentists, whereas almost three-quarters (75.5%) of ASHAs preferred primary health center health practitioners as primary representatives for early OC detection, despite their being poorly trained in the early diagnosis and detection of OC.

Conclusion:

India has made progress in controlling malignancies but still lags in reducing OC mortality rates. Spreading knowledge of contributory agents and early detection methods through ASHA workers could reduce the incidence and mortality of OC. Including more dentists in the public health system and training ASHA workers on early OC detection can play a major role in reducing its incidence.
A Comparative Evaluation of Gingival Depigmentation by Scalpel versus Diode Laser versus Electrosurgery: A Clinical In vivo Study
Authors: Biswas Subhradip , Padma R. , Kumar Vivek , Beldar Amol , Chandra Deepan , Lal Hira
Published: April 2024

Context:

Melanin pigmentation of the gingiva exists in all ethnicities and genders. Demand for repigmentation is mainly for esthetic reasons. Gingival depigmentation is a mucogingival surgical procedure where depigmentation is done by various techniques. However, the selection of a method depends on the clinical experiences and individual preferences.

Aim:

The aim of the study is to compare the pain score using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the recurrence rate of gingival pigmentation, using the three different techniques, i.e., scalpel, laser, and electrosurgery.

Settings and Design:

This randomized control trial was conducted on 30 systemically healthy patients divided into two groups.

Materials and Methods:

A split-mouth design was adopted and pigmentation was removed using scalpel and laser in Group I and scalpel and electrocautery in Group II. Dummett Oral Pigmentation Index scale and VAS were used to appraise the potency of hyperpigmentation and pain of the patient, respectively.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Independent t-test was used for the comparisons. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The pain intensity was up high in patients treated with scalpel compared to laser and electrocautery, which was statistically highly significant.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that laser depigmentation still serves to be the best modality considering the bloodless field and reduced postoperative pain.
Application of Sanitation Safety Planning in the Usage of Wastewater for Agriculture in Bangalore Urban District, India
Authors: Gnanaselvam Nancy A. , Goud B. Ramakrishna
Published: April 2024

Context:

Due to water scarcity, wastewater is used in agriculture in peri-urban areas.

Aims and Settings:

We aimed to assess the hazards associated with wastewater farming and develop an incremental improvement plan for the sanitation system of wastewater use for agriculture using Sanitation Safety Planning (SSP) in Bangalore urban district, India.

Methods:

Interviews and observations were conducted among 100 farmers in the Mugalur Gram Panchayat area.

Results:

Direct ingestion and ingestion after contact with wastewater due to inadequate hand hygiene are the routes of contact with wastewater. The control measures followed in the community are the cultivation of crops, which do not have direct contact with wastewater, furrow and drip irrigation, and restricted irrigation. Methods to mitigate the hazards are the provision of interval between final irrigation and consumption,washing of produce with freshwater before transportation to market, and hygienic cooking.

Conclusion:

Occupational hazards and risks associated with wastewater farming can be mitigated through the adoption of locally acceptable preventive measures.
Evaluation of Eye Safety Protocol in the Dental Office
Authors: Nimma Vijayalaxmi , Bayani Maitri , Lingam Amara S. , Ramaswami Easwaran , Reddy Lavanya , Kadam Sonali
Published: April 2024

Background:

Ocular health is significant as undetected and untreated eye conditions can lead to vision loss and blindness. Usually, dentists, dental assisting staff, and patients undergoing frequent dental corrections are likely affected by eye injuries.

Methods:

This survey aimed to evaluate eye safety protocols in the dental fraternity. A prevalidated questionnaire was given to practicing graduate and postgraduate dentists to obtain details of the eye safety protocol they adopted.

Results:

A total of 150 dentists approached; only 125 chose to participate in the survey and answered our questionnaire. Although most dentists used eye protection for themselves, primarily personal eyeglasses and face shields, eye injury was quite common in them.

Conclusion:

Data from this study revealed that the use of eye safety practices among the respondents could be improved. Clinicians should be aware that they are responsible for providing adequate eye protection for themselves and their assisting staff and patients.