bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Visitor Experience at Agora of Smyrna: Heritage Alive Project
Authors: ÇAKMAK Ozan , ALATEPELİ Sarp , ERSOY Akın
Published: January 2024

Ören yeri tanıtımı ve ziyaretçi deneyimi ile ilgili teorik pek çok çalışma ve öneri bulunsa da, bu konuyla ilgili uygulamalı örneklerin sayısı azdır. İzmir İli Konak İlçesi sınırları içerisinde yer alan Smyrna Agorası Ören Yeri, ulaşıma
elverişli kent içi konumunun da etkisiyle her yıl binlerce ziyaretçiyi ağırlamakta, bu sayı her geçen yıl artmaya devam etmektedir. Smyrna Agorası’nda ziyaretçi deneyiminin arttırılmasına yönelik çeşitli projeler hazırlanmakta,
alanın tanıtılması ve her yaştan ziyaretçinin Smyrna/İzmir tarihi ve arkeolojisi hakkında bilgi edinmesi amaçlanmaktadır. İzmir Kent Değerlerini Koruma ve Geliştirme Derneği (Kentimiz İzmir) tarafından yürütülen ve 2022 yılında
tamamlanan ‘Kültürel Miras Yaşıyor’ projesi kapsamında, Smyrna Agorası odağında ziyaretçi deneyiminin arttırılması ve yenilikçi tanıtım-yorumlama araçlarının üretilmesine yönelik çeşitli uygulamalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada,
ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde konuyla ilgili yapılan bazı uygulamalar incelenmiş, ‘Kültürel Miras Yaşıyor Projesi’ kapsamında üretilen araçların Smyrna Agorası’nın tanıtımındaki rolü üzerinde durulmuştur. Proje kapsamında uluslararası
ortaklarla geliştirilen yenilikçi miras araçlarının Smyrna Agora’sındaki ziyaretçi deneyimine ve uluslararası tanınırlığına katkılarıyla ilgili çıktılar değerlendirilmiştir. Bu noktada arkeolojik alanlarda taşınır ve taşınmaz kültür
varlıklarının fiziki görünürlükleri ile temsil ettikleri arasındaki bağlantının ziyaretçiye bütünlüğünü koruyarak, yalın bir şekilde aktarılması için izlenen aşamalar tanıtılmıştır. Son yıllarda farklı yaklaşımlarla sadece müzeler
üzerinden tanımlanan dijital uygulamaların ve program çıktılarının, bütüncül bakış açısıyla bir ören yerinde nasıl kurgulanabileceği tanımlanmıştır.
Analysis of Burgmüller’s 25 Easy and Progressive Studies Op.100 Used in Piano Education
Authors: Jelen Birsen , GEDİK Gizem
Published: January 2024

Araştırmada, Friedrich Burgmüller’in piyano eğitiminde kullanılan “25 Easy and Progressive Studies Op.100” adlı etüt kitabının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel bir çalışma olan bu araştırmada veriler doküman inceleme yoluyla toplanmıştır.
Toplanan veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. İncelenen metodun içerik analizlerinin yapılabilmesi amacı ile araştırmacılar tarafından “Etüt Kitabı Analiz Formu” oluşturulmuştur. Bu formun oluşturulmasında alanyazında
yapılan benzer çalışmalar taranmış ve veri toplama araçları incelenmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda elde edilen veriler kategoriler şeklinde verilmiştir. Kitapta yer alan 25 etüt içerdiği ölçü birimi, tonalite, hız terimleri, sağ
ve sol el teknik kazanımlar, müzikal ifadeler incelenmiş ve yapılan analizler sonucunda elde edilen veriler yüzdelik dağılımları ile birlikte verilmiştir. Etütler ağırlıklı olarak Do majör ve Sol majör temel tonlarda yazılmış olmasıyla
birlikte bir, iki ve üç bemol veya diyeze kadar değiştireç alan majör ve minör tonlariteleri içerdiği, 4/4’lük ölçü birimi kullanıldığı, en fazla Allegro Moderato hız terimine yer verildiği görülmüştür. Sağ el ve sol el tekniklerde
bakıldığında ise en çok kullanılan tekniklerin Legato, El Pozisyon Değişimi, Alt Parmak Geçişi, Üst Parmak Geçişi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Müzikal ifadeler açısından ise toplam 41 farklı müzikal ifade kullanıldığı tespit edilmiş,
dolayısıyla etütlerin oldukça zengin ve çeşitli müzikal ifadelere yer verilmiş olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca etüt kitabında başlangıçta daha kolay etütler, ardından zorluk derecesi artan etütler yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Her bir etüdün kendini tanımlayan isminin olması başka etütlerde alışılagelmiş kuru ve mekanik etüt olma özelliğin dışına taşıdığını, öğrencinin bir duyguyu, ortamı, özelliği veya nesneyi yansıtmaya yönlendiren, hayal gücünü de
tetikleyerek şarkı söyler gibi güzel çalmaya, özendiren bir yanı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Burgmüller’in etütlerinin teknik çalışma hedeflerinin olmasının yanısıra, ses kalitesine ve müzikal ifadelere özen gösterilmesini gerektirirdiği
tespit edilmiştir.
The Use of Passive House Standards in Historic Buildings and Its Impact on Facade Design
Authors: UÇAR Setenay , ÖZKAN Mehmet Semih
Published: January 2024

Historical buildings are offered to people with different functions in today's conditions. In these buildings, it is important to ensure the thermal comfort of the users and to reduce the heating/cooling costs with energy savings.
It has been proven with examples from the world that it can be much more efficient to restore historical buildings with passive house standards, a system that has proven itself in the studies to be carried out. The restorations
made in these buildings aim to investigate the effect of the possible changes to be made on the facade on the aesthetics and value of the historical buildings. The materials used and the changes to the façade are discussed in this
sense. The effects of the major changes made on the façade are presented due to the examination of seventeen different buildings. The research results indicate that changes have been made in the facades of buildings to transform
the interior into a more comfortable and energy-efficient space. There are many historical buildings in Turkey. Thanks to this construction concept, structures that provide comfort in terms of thermal and air quality inside and
ensure energy efficiency can continue to be used. In order to achieve energy efficiency in restoration projects, a preliminary analysis can be conducted by working according to passive house rules. Thus, it is possible to renew
the historical buildings that are repurposed and continue to be used in today's conditions without compromising their aesthetics. With this study, it is aimed to use passive house standards in historical buildings that are not
included in the literature, and to be an example for new researches and areas to be applied.
Spring Branches Compositions in the Ottoman Tile Art (16th - 17th Centuries)
Authors: ÇAKIR Dilek , UYSAL Zekiye
Published: January 2024

Osmanlı kültür tarihinde, 16. ve 17. yüzyıllar süsleme sanatları açısından çeşitli değişimlerin yaşandığı devirlerdir. Özellikle Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Döneminde sarayın nakkaşbaşısı olan Karamemi’nin oluşturduğu naturalist üsluptaki
çiçekler, bitkisel süslemenin niteliğinde önemli bir farklılık meydana getirmiştir. Bahçe çiçeklerinden olan lale, karanfil, gül, sümbül, süsen gibi motiflerin yanı sıra, naturalist üslubun önemli motiflerinden biri olan bahar
açmış meyve ağacı veya kompozisyondaki durumuna göre bahar açmış ağaç ya da bahar dalları diye de adlandırılan motif de çini sanatı başta olmak üzere birçok el sanatları üzerinde karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Çalışmamızın konusunu, Osmanlı
yapıları üzerinde görülen ve söz konusu yüzyıllara tarihlenen çinilerdeki bahar dalı kompozisyonları oluşturmaktadır. Motif, duvar çinilerinde çeşitli boyut ve düzenlemeler içinde işlenmiş, kompozisyonlar cami başta olmak üzere,
saray, türbe, kasır, hamam ve kütüphane gibi yapıların hem içinde hem de dışında kullanılmıştır. Çiniler, yapıların duvarlarındaki panolarda, mihrapların niş ve köşeliklerinde, minber köşkünde, panoların ve pencerelerin köşelikleri
ile pencere ve kapı alınlıklarında yer almaktadır. Ancak çiniler üzerindeki bahar dalı kompozisyonlarının topyekün ele alınarak değerlendirilmediği dikkat çekmektedir. Çalışmada bu dönemlere ait çini bezemelerinde bahar dalı motifinin
görüldüğü 29 yapı incelenmiş, bunlarda motifin farklı kompozisyonlarına sahip 52 örnek tespit edilmiştir. Bazı yapılarda aynı kompozisyona sahip eş panolar yer almaktadır. Amacımız genel hatlarıyla ağaç ve dal olarak sınıflandırdığımız
bahar dalı motifinin tasarım özelliklerini ve kompozisyon çeşitliliğini tespit edip değerlendirmektir.
The Effect of Singing Game Application on Students' Achievement Status in Teaching Speed and Volume Change in Middle School Fifth Grade
Authors: DamlaTERZİOĞLU Sevil , KURTULDU Mehmet Kayhan
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, şarkılı oyun uygulamasının ortaokul 5. Sınıf müzik dersinde hız ve gürlük değişimlerinin öğretilmesinde öğrencilerin başarı durumlarına etki edip etmediğini tespit etmektir. Araştırmanın etik izni 02.06.2023 tarihinde
Trabzon Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Kurulu tarafından E-81614018-000-2300033112 sayı numarası ile alınmıştır. Araştırma, ön test ve son test kontrol gruplu model yardımı ile yürütülmüştür.
Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 2022- 2023 eğitim- öğretim yılında Trabzon’da bulunan bir ortaokuldaki 5. Sınıfta öğrencilerinden oluşmaktadır. Bu okuldaki 5. Sınıf öğrencilerinden üç şubedeki toplam 97 öğrenci arasından iki şube seçilmiş
ve 62 öğrenci belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada grupların denkliğini sağlamak amacıyla deney ve kontrol grubu öğrencileri, ön test puanları birbirine en yakın olan iki şube arasından seçilmiştir. Araştırmada verileri toplama amacıyla
araştırmacılar tarafından uzmanların görüşleri de alınarak oluşturulan “Düzey belirleme testi” kullanılmıştır. Düzey belirleme testi, 5. sınıf müzik dersi müfredatındaki hız ve gürlük kazanımına uygun olarak düzenlenmiştir. Uygulama
aşamasında deney grubunda şarkılı oyun uygulaması, kontrol grubunda ise geleneksel eğitim (anlatım, soru- cevap) yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Test yardımıyla elde edilen ön test ve son test puanları istatistiksel olarak işleme tabi
tutulmuştur. Araştırma bulgularına göre deney ve kontrol grupları son test puanları, anlamlı bir biçimde birbirinden ayrılmamaktadır. Araştırmada şarkılı oyun uygulamaların öğrencilerin müzik dersindeki başarı durumlarını manidar
bir şekilde olumlu ya da olumsuz yönde etkilemediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Resilience and Life Satisfaction as Predictors of Coping with Stress in Educational Administrators
Authors: TUNÇ Erhan , SEVER Gökcan
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada, eğitim yöneticilerinin stresle başa çıkma düzeylerinin yordayıcıları olarak yılmazlık ve yaşam doyumu incelenmiştir. Araştırma, yordayıcı korelasyonel araştırma yöntemi ile desenlenmiştir. Veriler, 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim
yılında Gaziantep ilinde farklı eğitim kurumlarında görev yapan eğitim yöneticileri arasından, kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme tekniği ile belirlenen 307 kişiden toplanmıştır. Veri toplamak için Yılmazlık Ölçeği, Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği
ve Stresle Başa Çıkma Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde SPSS 22.00 programı kullanılmıştır. Yılmazlık ve yaşam doyumunun stresle başa çıkmayı ne ölçüde yordadığını belirlemek amacıyla yapılan çok değişkenli
doğrusal regresyon analizi sonucunda anlamlı bir regresyon modeli elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, "eğitim yöneticilerinin stresle başa çıkma düzeyleri, araştırmanın bağımsız değişkenleri olan psikolojik dayanıklılık ve yaşam doyumu
değişkenlerinden en az biri tarafından yordanmaktadır" hipotezini test etmek için yapılan çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi sonucunda, araştırmanın bağımsız değişkenleri olan psikolojik dayanıklılık ve yaşam doyumunun, araştırmanın
bağımlı değişkeni olan stresle başa çıkma düzeyindeki varyansın yaklaşık %22'sini açıkladığı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, eğitim yöneticilerinin stresle başa çıkma düzeyleri, araştırmanın bağımsız değişkenleri olan psikolojik dayanıklılık
ve yaşam doyumu değişkenlerinden en az biri tarafından yordanmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonunda, araştırmanın bulguları doğrultusunda bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Eğitim yöneticilerinin yılmazlık ve yaşam doyumunu destekleyici eğitimler
gerçekleştirilebilir. Nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak yeni araştırmalar yapılabilir ve boylamsal çalışmalarla literatüre ve alana katkı sağlanabilir.
An Investigation on the Criticism of Religion by Atheist Characters in Dan Brown's Works
Authors: AYDENİZ Hüsnü , BAYRAM Ebru
Published: January 2024

Bu makalenin amacı, çağdaş dönemde edebiyat dünyasının en etkili yazarlarından olan Dan Brown’ın eserlerindeki ateist karakterlerin dine yönelik eleştirilerini incelemek ve bu eleştirileri felsefi bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirmektir.
Brown’ın dünya çapında kazanmış olduğu şöhret ve kitaplarının yaygın bir şekilde yayımlanması böyle bir çalışmanın yapılmasında etkili olmuştur. Makalede temel olarak Brown tarafından kaleme alınmış olan eserler ele alınmış ve
özellikle Batı dünyasında onun kitapları hakkında hazırlanmış olan çalışmalardaki analizlerden yararlanılmıştır. Ülkemizde Brown üzerine hazırlanmış olan çok az sayıdaki akademik çalışma dikkate alındığında, onun en çok satanlar
listesinde yer alan eserlerinin felsefi bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirilmesinin literatürdeki boşluğa katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Brown’ın çalışmaları felsefe, din ve bilimin kesiştiği alanlarda pek çok farklı konuya değinmektedir.
Bu konuların başında hayatının anlamının arayışında başvurulan bazı temel sorular bulunur: “Nereden geldik? Bu dünyada niçin varız? Nereye gideceğiz?” Brown’ın eserlerindeki bazı karakterlerin bu sorular üzerinde yoğun bir tartışmaya
girdikleri görülür. Tartışmalar oldukça geniş bir alanda yürütüldüğü için konu bu eserlerdeki ateist karakterlerin din eleştirileriyle sınırlandırılmıştır. Tartışmaların farklı boyutlarının görülebilmesi için dindar ve dine mesafeli
olmakla birlikte objektif bir tavır sergilemeye çalışan karakterlerin yaklaşımlarına da yer verilmiştir. Ateist eleştiriler dine yönelik kategorik karşıtlık, epistemolojik ve ahlaki eleştiriler şeklinde üç ana başlıkta ele alınmış,
bunların güçlü ve zayıf yanları vurgulanmıştır. Kuşkusuz Brown’ın karakterlerinin ifade ettiği şeyler yeni olmayıp, düşünce tarihinde sıklıkla karşılaşılan değerlendirmelerdir. Ancak, onun etkileyici üslubunun ve güncel verilerden
yararlanmasının tartışmalara açılım kazandırdığı söylenebilir. Eserlerdeki karakterlerin eleştirileri büyük oranda Hıristiyanlık merkezli olsa da, bunların bütün dinî gelenekler, özellikle de teistik gelenekler açısından dikkate
alınmaları gerekir. Bu vesileyle, farklı dünya görüşleri arasındaki müzakerelerin daha fazla fayda sağlayacak bir düzlemde yürütülmesi söz konusu olacaktır.
Examination of Teacher Candidates' STEM Pedagogical Content Knowledge
Authors: ÖZKUL Hicran
Published: January 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sınıf ve fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının STEM pedagojik alan bilgilerini bölüm, cinsiyet, sınıf seviyesi ve STEM ile ilgili kaynakları okuma ve araştırma durumları açısından incelemektir. Araştırma nicel bir
araştırma olup tarama deseni kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örneklemi 2020-2021 akademik yılında Ege Bölgesi’nde bulunan bir devlet üniversitesi Temel Eğitim Bölümü Sınıf Öğretmenliği ve Matematik ve Fen Bilimleri Eğitimi
Bölümü Fen Bilgisi Eğitimi Programları’nda okuyan 148 lisans öğrencisidir. Veriler STEM Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi Ölçeği (STEM PAB) ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler Mann Whitney U testi ve Kruskal-Wallis H testi ile analiz edilmiştir.
Sonuçta ölçeğin geneline göre öğretmen adaylarının STEM pedagojik alan bilgilerinin yüksek düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarının STEM pedagojik bilgileri okudukları bölümler açısından kıyaslandığında fen bilgisi öğretmenliği
bölümünde okuyanların sınıf öğretmenliği bölümünde okuyanlara göre daha yüksek seviyede STEM pedagojik alan bilgisine sahip oldukları saptanmıştır. Cinsiyet değişkeni açısından bakıldığında kızların erkeklere göre STEM pedagojik
alan bilgilerinin daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Sınıf değişkeni açısından bakıldığında ise üçüncü sınıfta okuyanların dördüncü sınıfta okuyanlara göre STEM pedagojik alan bilgilerinin daha yüksek seviyede olduğu görülmüştür. STEM
ile ilgili kaynakları düzenli olarak okuyup araştıran öğretmen adaylarının, bu tür materyallerle nadiren veya hiç temas etmeyenlere göre STEM pedagojik içerik bilgisinin önemli ölçüde daha yüksek olduğu açıktır.
Chiropractic faculty experiences of burnout and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ward Krista L. , Pham Melinda , Wong Ricky , Francis Bradley , Smith Monica
Published: January 2024

Objective

The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is frequently used to assess occupational burnout and the Epidemic-Pandemic Impacts Inventory (EPII) is a new tool for assessing pandemic impacts. This study’s objective is to describe chiropractic faculty members’ experience of the COVID-19 pandemic, their burnout as professional educators, and their strategies for coping with stress.

Methods

A Qualtrics survey link was emailed to 73 current faculty and 10 previously employed faculty from 1 chiropractic school. The survey included 22 MBI, 31 EPII, and 2 questions about coping strategies. Faculty were given several weeks to complete the survey, were reminded via emails and meeting announcements, and were given paper surveys to increase participation. Responses were analyzed in STATA17.

Results

Forty-three faculty completed the survey (response rate = 52%). Of these, 25.8% reported testing positive for COVID-19, 30.23% reported difficulties transitioning to working from home, and 25.5% scored high on the MBI subscale for emotional exhaustion (EE) (mean 15.79, SD 13.68). Higher EE was associated with pandemic-related increases in mental health and sleep problems. Common coping strategies included self-care and social support.

Conclusion

The majority of faculty reported neither contracting COVID-19 nor having difficulty transitioning to work from home. Average EE for participating faculty was lower than previous reports although a quarter scored high in EE, which may be associated with pandemic-related mental health and sleep problems. These results suggest chiropractic faculty might need support coming out of the COVID-19 pandemic and indicate the need for future research on burnout among faculty from other chiropractic institutions.
Exploring Profile Attributes and Psychosocial Well-Being in Elderly Populations
Authors: P. Steffi , G. S. Sreedaya
Published: January 2024

The study, conducted from April to September 2022 at a Government care home in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, delves into the motivations, challenges, and demographics of care home inmates. Using the Ryff Scale, it assesses psychological well-being, shedding light on the diverse reasons for care home enrolment, including family rejection and financial instability. Inmates face constraints such as loss of control and limited familial support. Through purposeful sampling and comprehensive interviews, the research identifies 60 residents. The study profiles predominantly elderly males with varied educational backgrounds and prevalent health conditions. Psychological well-being scores categorize inmates into low, medium, and high groups, with a majority falling into the medium category. Associations between profile characteristics and well-being highlight the positive impact of education and the negative influence of medical illness. Regression analysis confirms these relationships, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions in care homes to address the specific needs of the diverse inmate population. In conclusion, this study underscores the imperative of prioritizing psychological well-being among older adults and provides actionable insights into the motivations, challenges, and demographics of care home inmates. These findings lay the foundation for targeted interventions globally, aiming to enhance the well-being of this expanding demographic.
Unearthing the Nutritional and Agricultural Value through Scientific Innovation in the Natural Gene Pool of Millets
Authors: Choudhary Sunita , Singh Y. K. , Moond Vishnu , Singh Dharmendra Bahadur , Kant Achal , Tejasree P. , Pandey Shivam Kumar
Published: January 2024

This delves into the exploration of millets' natural gene pool, highlighting the pivotal role of scientific innovation in unlocking their nutritional and agricultural value. Millets, often overlooked, have demonstrated remarkable resilience to adverse environmental conditions, making them essential crops for ensuring food security in a changing climate. Their adaptability, deep root systems, and drought tolerance position millets as reliable sources of sustenance in water-stressed regions. Moreover, millets are nutritional powerhouses, offering essential nutrients such as protein, dietary fiber, B-complex vitamins, iron, and zinc. Their gluten-free nature enhances their accessibility and inclusivity in diverse dietary regimes. Millet farming practices align with sustainability goals by promoting biodiversity conservation, reducing chemical inputs, and fostering economic development for smallholder farmers. Governments worldwide are recognizing the potential of millets, implementing policies and initiatives to support their production and market development. As the global community seeks solutions to nutritional security and hidden hunger, millets emerge as a resilient and nourishing ally. The integration of millets into food systems, driven by research, investment, and policy support, offers a pathway to a sustainable, nourished, and equitable future.
Impact of Pre and Post-emergence Herbicide Mixtures in Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Pradhan Dharani Dhar , Rawal Sandeep , Bali Aradhana , Dhaka A. K. , Asif Mo , Purohit Nisith Nishank
Published: January 2024

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major source of food for more than half of the world population especially in South and Southeast Asia and Latin America. A field experiment was conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Yamunanagar district, Haryana during Kharif season of 2022 to study the effect of pre and post-emergence herbicides combinations herbicides in direct-seeded rice under irrigated condition. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized block design with three replications. The weed management treatments were T1: Pendimethalin + pyrazosulfuron T2:Pendimethalin + pyroxasulfone, T3:Pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron, T4: Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl with safener  + ethoxysulfuron,T5: Cyhalofop-butyl + penoxsulam and metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl, T6.:Triafamone + ethoxysulfuron, T7: Pendimethalin + pyrazosulfuron fb bispyribac-sodium, T8: Pendimethalin + pyroxasulfone fb bispyribac-sodium, T9:Pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron fb bispyribac-sodium, T10:Pendimethalin fb fenoxaprop-p-ethyl  + ethoxysulfuron T11: Weed free, T12:Weedy check. Among herbicides, application T10 (pendimethalin fb fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + ethoxysulfuron) and T5 (cyhalofop-butyl+ penoxsulam and metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethy (pre-mix) was superior over other treatment. Application of pendimethalin fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + ethoxysulfuron reduced 58.89% grassy weed and 50 % BLWs compared to weedy check plot at 60 DAS. Assessment at 60 DAS and at harvest showed that bispyribac-sodium was effective in controlling E. colona and E. crus-galli. However, bispyribac-sodium did not control D. aegyptium and L. chinensis. Fenoxaprop significantly reduced the densities of Dactyloctenium aegyptium, L. chinensis, and Digitaria sanguinalis. Fenoxaprop tank-mix with ethoxysulfuron appeared to be synergistic for the control of E. crusgalli and E. colona, and Cyperus sp. as this tank mixture. Integration of pendimethalin fb fenoxaprop-p-ethyl+ ethoxysulfuron provided control of all type of weeds with highest grain yield (6.1 t ha-1) among different treatments which was statistically at par with weed free (6.3 t ha-1). In economics points of views, the highest B-C ratio (3.03) was obtained in cyhalofop-butyl + penoxsulam + metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethy followed by pendimethalin fb fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + ethoxysulfuron (2.98).
Impact of Climate Change on Farmer’s Vulnerability in Different Altitude Regions of Anantnag District of Kashmir, Indian Himalayas
Authors: Hameed Ifrah , Saraf Sajad A. , Raja Tariq A. , Wani Fehim J.
Published: January 2024

Agriculture is vital to India's economy. Climate hazards and amplifying factors make farmers vulnerable. Climatic volatility threatens agricultural productivity and rural livelihoods. Climate instability and climate change disrupt food supply, accessibility, and quality. This research assessed the farmers’ vulnerability in Anantnag district of Jammu & Kashmir, using a multi-stage sampling technique with 120 farmers across three altitudinal strata. The socio-economic analysis indicated that majority of the respondents in the study area belonged to middle age group, 94 per cent of them received some education, majority (48.4%) were having annual income of rupees (0.8-2.1 lakh), and majority (64.7%) had marginal land ownership of less than (0.29 ha). The evaluation uses 11, 14, and 6 indicators to measure exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Pahalgam and Larnoo, which are in higher altitudinal zones, had higher vulnerability, while Vessu and Anantnag, in lower altitudinal zones, had lower vulnerability. The Climate Vulnerability Index ranged from 0.86 in high-altitude areas to 0.29 in low-altitude areas. Exposure (0.72) plays an important role in ranking high altitude regions at the first position, followed by sensitivity (0.47) and adaptive capacity (0.33). The findings highlighted the need for government strategies to lessen farmers' climate change vulnerability. Policies and initiatives aimed at promoting sustainable farming and climate-smart practices can enhance farmers' climate change awareness and boost agricultural growth.
Effect of Hydrogel on Physico- Chemical and Microbiota Properties of Potting Media for Roof Top Cultivation of Ridge Gourd
Authors: Meena Chetan Bai , Pilania Shalini , Singh Rajat , Luthra Suraj , Yadav Vishal
Published: January 2024

The present study was conducted to evaluate the physico-chemical and microbiota properties of growing media containing hydrogel, sand, cocopeat, vermiculite, perlite and vemicompost for cultivation of ridge gourd on rooftop. The result of study revealed that rowing media GM5 (Sand + vermicompost + hydrogel + cocopeat + vermiculite and perlite with the ratio of 3: 2.5: 2: 2: 0.5 showed significant effect on Physical properties of the growing media EC (1.85 dS m-1), pH (5.03), total organic carbon (0.843%), physical properties of the growing media bulk density (0.425g cm-3), total porosity (51%) and maximum level of water holding capacity (66.76 mm). Similarly, bacteria population (72.76 (x 106cfu g-1), 77.44(x 106cfu g-1), fungus population (40.56cfu, 44.56cfu) and actinomycetes population (77.44(x 104cfu g-1), 77.44(x 104cfu g-1) at 75th day and 150th day was significantly highest in GM5 sand + vermicompost + hydrogel + cocopeat + vermiculite and perlite (3: 2.5: 2: 2: 0.5) respectively as compared to control. The obtained results claim that sand + vermicompost + hydrogel + cocopeat + vermiculite and perlite act as bio stimulant to nutrient.
Nigerian Juvenile Justice System and the Resocialisation of Young Offenders
Authors: Diriwari Wilson
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the Nigerian Juvenile Justice System and its role in rehabilitating young offenders and facilitating their successful reintegration into society.

Design Methodology/ Approach: To achieve this objective, a comprehensive analysis was conducted using various sources including libraries, case studies, and government reports. The study aimed to encompass all major aspects of the system, considering both its strengths and weaknesses.

Findings: The current status of the Nigerian Juvenile Justice System was thoroughly evaluated, revealing its significant impact on addressing the needs of young offenders and society as a whole. Additionally, the study examined the challenges faced by the system, identifying areas that require improvement.

Original Value: This paper presents an important insight into the Nigerian Youth Juvenile System, shedding light on its main components and the effectiveness of its resocialisation program. The findings provide valuable knowledge for stakeholders such as society, the government, and taxpayers, encouraging a comprehensive understanding and fostering meaningful improvements in the system.
Collaborative inquiry for adult learning
Authors: Kasl Elizabeth , Yorks Lyle
Published: August 2002

Through its structure for peer participation, multiple ways of knowing, and systematic validity procedures, collaborative inquiry provides a highly effective strategy for facilitating learning from experience.
Using the power of collaborative inquiry: Community women learn and lead themselves
Authors: L. Smith Linda
Published: August 2002

Community women learn how to learn from personal experience and use the power of that learning for organizational development. From telling stories and asking questions they also learn how to communicate across complex cultural differences.
Simultaneous and sequential lineups: decision processes of accurate and inaccurate eyewitnesses
Authors: Kneller Wendy , Memon Amina , Stevenage Sarah
Published: August 2002

The cognitive processes and decision‐making strategies of eyewitnesses were tested for their predictive qualities in determining the accuracy of identifications from lineups. The sequential lineup presentation was compared with the traditionally employed simultaneous lineup under culprit (target) present and culprit absent conditions. Consistent with previous research the sequential presentation resulted in an equivalent number of correct identifications compared to the simultaneous lineup but reduced false identification rates. Although sequential lineups were found to be associated with the use of absolute strategies, those shown a simultaneous lineup reported the use of both relative and absolute strategies. Accurate identifications and rejections were found to be associated with the use of absolute strategies, irrespective of lineup presentation or presence of target. Also accurate identifications, at least with a sequential lineup, were generally made faster than inaccurate identifications. These results are compared to previous studies with respect to the effect that mode of processing (relative versus absolute judgements) has on a witness's decision making and identification accuracy. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Minimizing the sinkmarks in injection‐molded thermoplastics
Authors: Liu Shih‐Jung , Lin Chang‐Hsu , Wu Yi‐Chuan
Published: August 2002

Injection molding is one of the most important methods for the manufacture of plastic products; however, there are several unresolved problems that confound the overall success of this technique. Sinkmarks occurring on the surface of molded parts caused by inappropriate mold design and processing conditions is one problem. In this report, an L'18 orthogonal array design based on the Taguchi method was conducted to minimize the sinkmarks of injection‐molded thermoplastic parts. The polymeric materials used were general‐purpose polystyrene and low‐density polyethylene. A plate cavity with various ribs was used for molding. Experiments were carried out on an 80‐ton reciprocating injection‐molding machine. After molding, the sinkmarks on the surface of molded parts were characterized by a profile meter. For the factors selected in the main experiments, the corner geometry and the width of the rib were found to be the principal factors affecting sinkmark formation in injection‐molded thermoplastics. A rib of an undercut geometry and a small width produces parts with the least sinkmark. Experimental investigation of an injection‐molding problem can help illuminate the formation mechanism of sinkmarks so that steps can be taken to optimize the surface quality of molded parts. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 20: 202–215, 2001
Price relationships in the Queensland barley market
Authors: Gali V. Jyothi , Brown C.G.
Published: August 2002

Barley can be differentiated into feed and malting barley based on its end‐use markets. Substitutability both in supply and in demand complicates analysis of price information in the barley market. This article examines the price linkages between feed and malting barley in the Queensland barley market using cointegration and error correction models. Malting barley prices respond to restore equilibrium relationships with corresponding feed barley prices in the long run, but not vice versa. Thus feed barley prices appear to be a leading indicator of malting barley prices. [JEL codes: L100, C22, N57.] © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Proximal promoter of the murine syndecan‐1 gene is not sufficient for the developmental pattern of syndecan expression in B lineage cells
Authors: Volpe Carmelo P. , Lundgren Anna , Aints Alar , Mohamed Abdalla J. , Jaakkola Panu , Christensson Birger , Gahrton Gösta , Jalkanen Markku , Smith C.I. Edvard , Dilber M. Sirac
Published: August 2002

Syndecan‐1 (CD138) is a cell membrane proteoglycan that binds extracellular matrix components and various growth factors. The role of syndecan‐1 in the control of cell growth and morphology has been illustrated by its altered expression in hematological malignancies such as multiple myeloma as well as some solid tumors. It has been reported that the expression of syndecan‐1 in cells of the B lineage is developmentally regulated such that pre‐B cells and plasma cells express syndecan‐1 while mature B cells do not. Thus, we investigated whether the proximal promoter region of the murine syndecan‐1 promoter was able to confer the observed on–off–on expression of syndecan‐1 in cells of the B lineage as they develop from pre‐B cells to plasma cells. Experiments carried out using deletion mutants of the proximal promoter cloned upstream of the CAT reporter gene transfected into murine cell lines, representing the above stages of B‐cell development, such as BA/F3 (pro‐B cell), 70Z/3 (pre‐B cell), 2PK3 (late mature B cell), and MPC‐11 (plasma cell), showed detectable levels of CAT expression. The WEHI‐231 (mature B cell) cell lines did not show detectable levels of CAT reporter activity. The strong levels of expression were observed with a fragment of the proximal promoter spanning the region from −365 to −95 (from the translation start point). Hovewer, Northern analysis of RNA obtained from the five murine B‐cell lines, representing various stages of B‐cell development, showed that the 70Z/3, MPC‐11 but not BA/F3, and 2PK3 cells expressed detectable levels of syndecan‐1 mRNA. By FACS analysis, using a rat anti mouse syndecan‐1 antibody, syndecan‐1 expression on the cell surface was found to correlate with the observed mRNA expression patterns in these cell lines. Our results indicate that the proximal promoter of the murine syndecan‐1 promoter is not sufficient for the observed developmental pattern of syndecan expression in B cells. Am. J. Hematol. 67:20–26, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of the effects of radiographic contrast media on dehydration and filterability of red blood cells from donors homozygous for hemoglobin A or hemoglobin S
Authors: Losco Patricia , Nash Gerard , Stone Phil , Ventre John
Published: August 2002

Iodinated radiographic contrast media have traditionally been contraindicated in patients with sickle cell disease because their high osmolality may induce osmotic shrinkage of red blood cells, impair blood flow through the microcirculation, and precipitate or exacerbate a sickle cell crisis. This study investigated that concept by comparing the hematological and rheological effects in vitro of four X‐ray contrast media of differing osmolalities: Visipaque (290 mOsm/kg), Hexabrix (600 mOsm/kg), Omnipaque (844 mOsm/kg), and RenoCal‐76 (1940 mOsm/kg). Blood was tested from 10 normal and 10 sickle cell donors at drug concentrations of 0, 1, 10, and 30% w/v in an attempt to approximate the relative concentrations of contrast medium to blood that might occur during the bolus‐injection and circulation‐diluted phases of drug administration. Parameters evaluated included hematology, red cell morphology, and red cell flow resistance through a micropore filter to approximate the microcirculatory effects. Significant hematological effects for both normal and sickle cell donors included a concentration dependent decrease in hematocrit and MCV, and increase in MCHC, all of which varied directly with the osmolality of the contrast media in the order of RenoCal‐76 > Omnipaque > Hexabrix > Visipaque. The contrast media had minor effects on red blood cell morphology except for RenoCal‐76, 10–30% in which marked echinocytosis was observed. There was no significant increase in the number of irreversibly sickled cells in donors with hemoglobin S. Filterability of red cell suspensions through capillary size pores was impaired in both normal and sickle cell samples in direct proportion to the osmolality of the contrast media, as listed above. Filterability effects were greater for sickle cells than for normal red cells. Visipaque, which was closest to isotonicity, had little effect on red cell volume and had no significant effect on filterability of normal or sickle cells. These results suggest that microcirculatory impairment following infusion of contrast media may occur in sickle patients because of the unusual rheological sensitivity of HbSS red cells, and may be avoided by choice of an isotonic medium. Am. J. Hematol. 68:149–158, 2001. © Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Body size, composition, and blood pressure of high‐altitude Quechua from the Peruvian Central Andes (Huancavelica, 3,680 m)
Authors: Toselli Stefania , Tarazona‐Santos Eduardo , Pettener Davide
Published: August 2002

Although much information is available about the effects of high altitude on physiological characteristics, less is know about its effect on body composition. In the present study, anthropometric and body composition variables were investigated in a sample of 77 adult Quechua males from the Peruvian Central Andes (Huancavelica, 3,680 m). The subjects are shorter in relation to body weight than other ethnic groups, whereas body proportions are macrocormic (indicating a long trunk relative to the lower extremities), with intermediate values of the acromial‐iliac index. All skinfold thicknesses are low (∼15th percentiles of NHANES reference values for the triceps and subscapular skinfolds), but tend to be higher than in the other Quechua populations. Similar results are obtained when percentage fat is estimated. Somatotypes are dominant in mesomorphy with very low ectomorphy. Comparison with a sample of high‐altitude Kirghiz (3,200 m), previously studied with the same methods, shows higher values in the Peruvian sample for all variables related to adiposity. The presence of low adiposity in the Quechua population could be associated with stresses of the high‐altitude environment. Mean values of blood pressure are very low and there is no correlation with age. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 13:539–547, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Length of marriage and its effect on spousal concordance in kuwait
Authors: Al‐Kandari Yagoub , Crews Douglas E. , Poirier Frank E.
Published: August 2002

It was hypothesized that marriage duration affects physical and cultural homogamy and spousal concordance in Kuwaiti marriages. Westernization increased spousal correlations due to fewer arranged marriages and increased individual spousal choice. Spousal similarities for selected physical and cultural traits were also examined for couples married 15 years or less, 16 to 30 years, and 31 years and more. Consanguineous couples belong to the al‐Kandari, one of the largest and most important kindreds in Kuwait, who traditionally married kin and continue to do so. Six physical measurements and blood pressure were taken along with a sociocultural questionnaire to examine cultural preferences. In all, 242 couples (484 people) participated; 62 couples were in non‐consanguineous unions. It was hypotheised that in shorter‐duration unions spouses would be more alike for physical and cultural traits. For physical traits, results for stature, weight, the body mass index, and hip circumference are congruent with the hypothesis, whereas results for the triceps and subscapular skinfolds, waist circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure are not. Overall, for some traits spouses are more alike than in previous generations, and specific aspects of similarity among long‐term spouses reflect historical and cultural phenomena. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 14:1–8, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Creating safer and healthier workplaces: Role of organizational factors and job characteristics*
Authors: Shannon Harry S. , Robson Lynda S. , Sale Joanna E.M.
Published: August 2002

Background

A comprehensive understanding of workplace organizational risk factors for illness and injury and interventions to alleviate these factors is important for workplace prevention efforts.

Methods

We summarize the evidence for the role of workplace organizational factors and work factors in occupational health and safety (OHS). To the extent possible, we concentrate on factors at the level of the workplace, rather than the level of the individual.

Results

Three types of outcomes are considered: injuries, ill‐health, and musculoskeletal problems; and we note the evidence for their relationship to work. We review workplace interventions intended to alleviate each type of outcome and note methodological limitations of previous research.

Conclusions

Despite the methodological limitations, the balance of the literature supports the work‐relatedness of the three types of outcomes, although questions remain about exact mechanisms and the effectiveness of specific interventions. We discuss barriers to and incentives for creating safer and healthier workplaces. Am. J. Ind. Med. 40:319–334, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ablepharon‐macrostomia syndrome
Authors: Stevens Cathy A. , Sargent Larry A.
Published: August 2002

We report three new cases of ablepharon‐macrostomia syndrome (AMS) and give a 10‐year follow‐up on a newborn reported in an abstract. These four patients, as well as those previously reported, all had absent hair, brows, and lashes, absent or short eyelids, macrostomia, ear anomalies, redundant skin, and abnormal genitalia. Many have persistent visual problems, often related to early corneal exposure. Hearing loss, poor hair growth, finger contractures, and growth retardation were also chronic problems. Developmental impairment was present in two‐thirds of patients but was usually mild. This report contributes to our knowledge regarding the natural history of AMS and includes the first report of an adult patient. It also adds further evidence that AMS is distinct from Barber‐Say syndrome, which has similar features. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Progressive cerebral edema associated with high methionine levels and betaine therapy in a patient with cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS) deficiency
Authors: Yaghmai Reza , Kashani Amir H. , Geraghty Michael T. , Okoh Jay , Pomper Martin , Tangerman Albert , Wagner Conrad , Stabler Sally P. , Allen Robert H. , Mudd S. Harvey , Braverman Nancy
Published: August 2002

Cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS) deficiency, the most common form of homocystinuria, is an autosomal recessive inborn error of homocysteine metabolism. Treatment of B6‐nonresponsive patients centers on lowering homocysteine and its disulfide derivatives (tHcy) by adherence to a methionine‐restricted diet. However, lifelong dietary control is difficult. Betaine supplementation is used extensively in CBS‐deficient patients to lower plasma tHcy. With betaine therapy, methionine levels increase over baseline, but usually remain below 1,500 μmol/L, and these levels have not been associated with adverse affects. We report a child with B6‐nonresponsive CBS deficiency and dietary noncompliance whose methionine levels reached 3,000 μmol/L on betaine, and who subsequently developed massive cerebral edema without evidence of thrombosis. We investigated the etiology by determining methionine and betaine metabolites in our patient, and several possible mechanisms for her unusual response to betaine are discussed. We conclude that the cerebral edema was most likely precipitated by the betaine therapy, although the exact mechanism is uncertain. This case cautions physicians to monitor methionine levels in CBS‐deficient patients on betaine and to consider betaine as an adjunct, not an alternative, to dietary control. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Smith‐Lemli‐Opitz syndrome: New mutation with a mild phenotype
Authors: Prasad Chitra , Marles Sandra , Prasad Asuri N. , Nikkel Sarah , Longstaffe Sally , Peabody Deborah , Eng Barry , Wright Sarah , Waye John S. , Nowaczyk Małgorzata J.M.
Published: August 2002

Smith‐Lemli‐Opitz syndrome (SLOS) (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, OMIM™, 2001, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/ for SLOS, MIM 270400) is an autosomal recessive disorder of cholesterol biosynthesis caused by mutations of the 3β‐hydroxysterol Δ7‐reductase gene, DHCR7. We report on a female infant with an exceptionally mild phenotype of SLOS, in whom molecular studies identified a new mutation in DHCR7. The proposita initially presented with feeding difficulties, failure to thrive, hypotonia, mild developmental delay, and oral tactile aversion. She had minor facial anomalies and 2–3 syndactyly of her toes in both feet. The plasma cholesterol was borderline low at 2.88 mmol/L (normal 2.97–4.40 mmol/L). Elevated plasma 7‐dehydrocholesterol level of 200.0 μmol/L confirmed the clinical diagnosis of SLOS. Molecular analysis demonstrated compound heterozygosity for IVS8‐1G →C and Y280C, a new missense mutation in DHCR7. Since the other mutation in this patient is a known null mutation, this newly discovered mutation is presumably associated with significant residual enzyme activity and milder expression of clinical phenotype. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pure 6p22‐pter trisomic patient: Refined FISH characterization and genotype‐phenotype correlation
Authors: Giardino D. , Finelli P. , Caufin D. , Gottardi G. , Lo Vasco R. , Turolla L. , Larizza L.
Published: August 2002

First described in 1971, partial trisomy 6p is uncommon and generally secondary to a familial reciprocal translocation. The proximal breakpoint of the reported cases varies from p11 to p25. We here report on a patient with moderate mental retardation, craniofacial and pigmentary anomalies, proteinuria, and hyperglycemia who was found to have a mosaic karyotype 46,X,add(Y)(q12)/45,X. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) enabled us to identify that the additional material on Yqh derived from 6p and to define the rearrangement as der(Y)t(Y;6)(q12;p22). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of trisomy 6p22‐pter without an associated deleted segment; the second breakpoint of the rearrangement is in Yqh. Precise mapping of the centromeric breakpoint of the trisomic 6p segment allowed a more convincing correlation between partial 6p trisomy and clinical phenotype to be addressed. In particular, the proteinuria often observed in 6p trisomic patients could be assigned to the 6p22‐6pter region. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spectrum of the acrocallosal syndrome
Authors: Koenig Rainer , Bach Alexia , Woelki Ulrike , Grzeschik Karl‐Heinz , Fuchs Sigrun
Published: August 2002

Acrocallosal syndrome (ACS) is an autosomal recessive condition, characterized by agenesis of the corpus callosum, pre‐ and postaxial polydactyly, minor craniofacial anomalies, and, in most patients, severe psychomotor retardation. We here report on three patients with ACS demonstrating a spectrum from mild to severe involvement. Two patients had only mild to moderate mental retardation at the age of 2½ and 4 years, respectively, with surprisingly good speech development. The third patient was severely affected and died at age 7 days because of persistent apnea. All three patients had agenesis of the corpus callosum, and large intracranial cysts, which in the third case was confirmed as a large arachnoid cyst at autopsy. Cranial cysts were also seen in 10/34 published cases of ACS. Thus, intracerebral cysts are a common finding in ACS and may serve in differentiating ACS from Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.