bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of the Media Messages during the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election: A Thematic Comparison between CNN News and Donald Trump’s Tweets
Authors: Ghasemi Tari Zeinab , Emamzadeh Zahra
Published: May 2018

In the last presidential election of the United States (2016), the interaction between the Donald Trump and the American media was remarkable and unprecedented from both political and communication perspectives. The present paper is interested in observing the interactions between then the Republican Party candidate, Donald Trump, and the media of the United States. As there were major verbal confrontations between Trump, and some media, specifically CNN, this paper observes how Trump campaign reacted to CNN that turned out to be one of his biggest opponents. The relations and reactions are explained using “agenda setting” and “selective exposure” as theories and “thematic analysis” as the research methodology. The paper analyzes CNN videos from October 7 to October 31, and Trump’s tweets during the same period. The reason for conducting the research during October is that this month is regarded as one of the most critical periods in US presidential election, known as “October surprise”. Then a thematic analysis of the data is conducted to extract all accusations and allegations against Trump. Research results show that President Trump did not react to most of the accusations and attacks raised by CNN. Apparently Trump had decided that ignoring and not responding is a better strategy. There was an exception to this rule: Trump’s treatment toward women. He did address that issue frequently and tried to justify himself and apologize. Accordingly, Trump’s presidential campaign aim was to ignore accusations, keep attacking, and answering accusations only if they are already known to too many people.
The Imperative of the Ethics of Complementarity in the Quest for Africa’ Development
Authors: Laleye Solomon Akinyemi
Published: May 2018

The Externalists and Internalists interrogated the crisis of development in Africa and have suggested solutions. In response to the challenge, successive governments have adopted theories, initiated policies and strategies to remedy the situation. In spite of these efforts, the attainment of a commendable stage of development has eluded majority of African nations, this is largely because the conception of development is erroneously predicated on the monistic neglecting the dualistic aspects of development. This paper, does not only correct this misconception it also philosophically explore how Africa can overcome contemporary and future sustainable development challenges, by articulating sustainable development paradigm appropriate for the continent. The paper argued for the necessity of a complement involving the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the dualistic conception rather than a straight jacketed approach that focuses more on the quantitative aspect in the quest for development. The paper employs the analytic and prescriptive approaches of philosophical inquiry.
Towards a Sustainable Small Non-Community Drinking Water System in Ontario: Owners’ Risk Awareness and Perceptions to Water Safety
Authors: Sekercioglu Mehmet Fatih , White Jerry , Shrubsole Dan , Baxter Jamie
Published: May 2018

In Ontario, small non-community drinking water systems are defined as systems that make drinking water available to the public and are not connected to a community drinking water system. This study, using qualitative research approach, examines the risk awareness and perceptions of small non-community drinking water system owners in providing safe drinking water to their clients and protecting their water source. Our study yields the need for developing a sustainable operation model for small non-community drinking water systems. The study results provide recommendations to the regulatory agency for effective and efficient administration of the program such as offering customized and affordable training opportunities and developing effective communication strategies for owners and operators.
An Analysis of Long-Term Forest Management Plans of Forest Management Units in Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Ota Masahiko
Published: May 2018

Indonesia has been developing Forest Management Units (FMUs) as on-site forest managers that undertake actual forest management activities at the field level. Previous studies have identified a critical lack of various resources, particularly human and financial, in FMU development, and yet the types of forest management activities and official planning procedures are less frequently reported. The present study examines forestry planning aspects of the FMU policy and forest management activities planned by FMUs to fill this information gap. The author analyzed relevant laws and regulations and the long-term forest management plans of 22 FMUs in Sumatra. For the latter, the author explored basic characteristics of FMUs, quantitatively summarized planned activities focusing on four aspects of forest management (i.e., utilization, conservation, empowerment of local people, and supervision of concession holders), and qualitatively assessed the levels of concreteness of plan descriptions related to the above-mentioned four aspects. The FMUs listed various kinds of activities in their long-term plans, particularly those related to utilization and conservation. However, a large number of the sample FMUs simply listed or described what they would like to do, or what FMUs are supposed to do, with little concrete detail or deliberation of feasibility. The results of the study can be attributable to a lack of focus on policy formulation, as well as the vulnerability and unpredictability of FMUs themselves. Qualitative enhancement and quantitative increase of human resources and policy options to reduce unpredictability and uncertainty in financial and institutional dimensions are desirable to promote substantive planning for FMUs.
The Extent of Using and Trusting Capital Budgeting Methods in Projects Appraisal in Palestinian Corporations
Authors: Anabtawi Ahmad N. H.
Published: May 2018

This research paper aims to find the degree of the use as well as the trust of the Net Present Value (NPV), Payback Period (PBP), Internal Rate of Returns (IRR) and Accounting Rate of Returns (ARR) as a key capital budgeting method. The research conducted on the listed corporations in Palestine which are 48 company. A questionnaire distributed on 77 financial and project/operations managers in these corporations with 67 responds. The result shows that both discounted and non-discounted cash flows methods are used and trusted by Palestine public corporations. However, on the other hand, the above four methods are volatile in term of use and trust. The most used and trusted capital budgeting method is the Payback period (PBP). This followed by the Net Present Value (NPV). Accounting Rate of Retunes (ARR) becomes third. Thus the least used and trusted method is the Internal Rate of Returns (IRR).
Nutritional Efficiency of Forest Species in Natural Regeneration of Tropical Forest in Brazil
Authors: Silva Roseane , Feliciano Ana , Marangon Luiz , Freire Maria , Freire Fernando , Lima Rosival , Silva Ane
Published: May 2018

The knowledge of the nutritional aspects of native species, mainly in natural regeneration, may be important for understanding their establishment, particularly in areas with low nutrient availability soils, such as tropical soils. This study aimed to determine the biological utilization efficiency (BUE) of the nutrients N, P, K, Ca, and Mg of forest species of natural regeneration in a Lowlands Dense Ombrophilous forest fragment in Pernambuco, Brazil. A phytosociological study of the fragment was carried out and were defined the ten species with the highest absolute density (AD). Three individuals per species were selected. The N, P, K, Ca, and Mg contents were determined in the sample leaves of the species, and the foliar biomass was determined “in loco”. Nine individuals of each species were collected according to the following diameter intervals at the base (DBs): DBs<5 cm; 5≤DBs<10 cm and 10≤DBs<15 cm. The content, stock and BUE of nutrients were calculated per species. The BUE of nutrients by species varied according to the following decreasing order: P>Mg>K>Ca>N. The highest BUE of nutrients was of the species Protium heptaphyllum. In tropical soils of low natural fertility, the use of these species can be recommended in environmental reforestation projects. The difference in the nutritional demand of the forest species can indicate the planting of those with greater capacity of absorption and BUE of nutrients, being more efficient in areas of soils with low natural fertility like in the tropical forests.
MUSEUMS OF THE LOST “GERMAN EAST”.
THE CONDITIONS OF OPERATING AND THE
EVOLUTION OF EXHIBITIONS
IN THE POLISH-GERMAN CONTEXT
Authors: Sacha Magdalena Izabella
Published: May 2018

In the article, the so-called eastern German
museums and the way they operate is discussed in view
of a document ratified by Bundestag in 2016. The document
concerned the further action plan for implementing
the provisions of paragraph 96 of the Federal Expellee Law
of 1953, popularly referred to as a “cultural paragraph”. The
term “German East” bears reference to the historic territories
of German settlement prior to 1945, whose heritage
is a focus of attention for museums as well as science and
culture institutions in contemporary Germany. Those eastern
German museums have been reviewed herein, whose
interest lies, inter alia, in territories presently belonging to
Poland: the East Prussian State Museum (Ostpreuβisches
Landesmuseum) in Lüneburg, the West Prussian State
Museum (Westpreuβisches Landesmuseum) in Warendorf,
the State Museum of Pomerania (Pommersches
Landesmuseum) in Greifswald, the Silesian Museum
(Schlesisches Museum) in Görlitz.
Butler’s Arendt
Authors: Kellogg Catherine ,   DePaul University
Published: May 2018

This article explores Judith Butler’s reinterpretation of Hannah Arendt’s work in terms of the question of dispossession. By paying attention to the changes in voice and tone in Arendt’s work, Butler has brought forward a reading of Arendt that we have not seen before, and one that we have maybe never needed so much.
Seven new species of cestode parasites (Neodermata, Platyhelminthes) from Australian birds
Authors: Mariaux Jean , Georgiev Boyko B.
Published: May 2018

Cestodes (Platyhelminthes) from Australian birds from the South Australian Museum collections were studied with a focus on common endemic terrestrial hosts. Despite the variable state of preservation of the examined worms, we could identify several new taxa, including Sobolevitaenia whittingtoni sp. nov. and Spiniglans beveridgei sp. nov. (Dilepididae) in Corvus mellori Mathews, 1912 (Corvidae); Notopentorchis musealis sp. nov. (Paruterinidae) in Hirundapus caudacutus (Latham, 1801) (Apodidae); Monopylidium australiense sp. nov. (Dilepididae) in Menura novaehollandiae Latham, 1801 (Menuridae); Dictymetra gerganae sp. nov. (Dilepididae) in Podargus strigoides (Latham, 1802) (Podargidae); Dictymetra longiuncinata sp. nov. in Esacus magnirostris (Vieillot, 1818) (Burhinidae) and Cracticotaenia adelaidae sp. nov. (Metadilepididae) in Gymnorhina tibicen (Latham, 1801) (Artamidae) and Corcorax melanorhamphos (Vieillot, 1817) (Corcoracidae). Several other presumably new taxa that cannot be fully described are also reported. This diversity found in common hosts suggests the presence of a rich, and presently almost completely unknown, fauna of cestode parasites in Australian birds. As field collection permits allowing to explore this fauna are extremely difficult to obtain, this is a demonstration of the usefulness of museum collections to describe at least part of it.
Ocular Human Papillomavirus Infections
Authors: Hanbazazh Mehenaz , Gyure Kymberly A.
Published: May 2018

Context.—

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has a well-known role in the pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma and precursor lesions of the cervix, anogenital region, and head and neck, but its role in the development of squamous neoplasms of the eye, particularly the conjunctiva, remains unclear.

Objective.—

To review recent evidence implicating HPV in the pathophysiology of ocular lesions.

Data Sources.—

Published articles obtained from a PubMed search of the English literature were the primary sources for this review.

Conclusions.—

The low-risk HPV types 6 and 11 appear to play a role in the development of at least a subset of conjunctival squamous papillomas. The role of HPV in the pathogenesis of pterygium and ocular surface squamous neoplasia is less well defined. There is evidence to suggest that HPV may be a cofactor in the development of these lesions, acting in concert with ultraviolet radiation and/or human immunodeficiency virus infection in a subgroup of cases.
Human Papillomavirus Infection of the Skin
Authors: Bacaj Patrick , Burch David
Published: May 2018

Context.—

Human papillomavirus is implicated in the pathogenesis of benign and malignant neoplasms of the skin.

Objective.—

To review the role of human papillomavirus in the development of malignancies and their precursor lesions in skin.

Data Sources.—

The study comprised a review of the literature.

Conclusions.—

The use of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion terminology brings order and simplicity to these lesions, correlates with the current understanding of the biology of human papillomavirus infections, and helps to promote accurate diagnosis of and appropriate treatment for these lesions.
Human Papillomavirus–Related Malignancies in the Setting of Posttransplantation Immunosuppression
Authors: Stiebing Brittany N. , Rosado Flavia G. , Vos Jeffrey A.
Published: May 2018

Context.—

The use of immunosuppression to avoid allograft rejection within the host creates the opportunity for unchecked development of malignancy in the posttransplantation setting. These malignancies frequently show association with human papillomavirus. Within this specific patient population, understanding the oncogenic role of this virus is vital for prompt recognition and treatment of malignancy and precursor lesions as well as the institution of appropriate preventive measures.

Objective.—

To review the role of human papillomavirus in the development of malignancies and their precursor lesions in the posttransplantation setting.

Data Sources.—

The study comprised a review of the literature.

Conclusions.—

The development of human papillomavirus–related malignancies in transplantation patients is dependent on several factors, such as virus subtype, length of immunosuppression, and type of immunosuppressive therapy. Malignancies within these patients differ from those in the general population in terms of pathogenesis, frequency, and recurrence rate, and therefore require further understanding to allow for optimal surveillance and clinical management.
The Role of Human Papillomavirus in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ducatman Barbara S.
Published: May 2018

Context.—

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is implicated in the development of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPC), particularly those cancers developing in tonsillar tissue.

Objectives.—

To review the prevalence, subtypes, and methods of detecting HPV in OPC and to review the epidemiology, histology, staging, management, and prevention of these cancers.

Data Sources.—

The study comprised a review of the literature.

Conclusions.—

The incidence of HPV-OPC is rising globally and in the United States, but rates of HPV-positivity vary with the anatomic site(s) and the population studied, as well as the method of detecting HPV infection. These tumors are more common in men. In contrast to HPV− OPC, the rates of smoking and alcohol abuse are lower. The HPV 16 subtype is predominant, and immunohistochemistry staining for p16 and in situ hybridization are the most widely used methods clinically to detect transcriptionally active HPV. Moreover, HPV-OPC has a unique tumor phenotype with predominantly nonkeratinizing morphology and a variety of patterns. These cancers often present with cystic lymph node metastases. The prognosis for HPV-OPC is significantly better than HPV− OPC and has led to differences in grading, staging, and management. Although there are similarities to cervical cancer, there are challenges in preventing such cancers.
Cannabis and Brain: Disrupting Neural Circuits of Memory
Authors: Uddin Md. Sahab , Sheshe Sadeeq Muhammad , Islam Israt , Mamun Abdullah Al , Hussein Hussein Khamis , Labu Zubair Khalid , Ahmed Muniruddin
Published: May 2018

Cannabis is a federally controlled substance, it’s very familiar to many but its neurobiological substrates are not well-characterized. In the brain, most areas prevalently having cannabinoid receptors have been associated with behavioral control and cognitive effects due to cannabinoids. Study over the last several decades suggested cannabinoids (CBs) exert copious oftentimes opposite effects on countless neuronal receptors and processes. In fact, owing to this plethora of effects, it’s still cryptic how CBs trigger neuronal circuits. Cannabis use has been revealed to cause cognitive deficits from basic motor coordination to more complex executive functions, for example, the aptitude to plan, organize, make choices, solve glitches, remember, and control emotions as well as behavior. Numerous factors like age of onset and duration of cannabis use regulate the severity of the difficulties. People with the cannabis-linked deficiency in executive functions have been found to have trouble learning and applying the skills requisite for fruitful recovery, setting them at amplified risk for deterioration to cannabis use. Exploring the impacts of cannabis on the brain is imperative. Therefore the intention of this study was to analyze the neuropsychological effects and the impact of CBs on the dynamics of neural circuits, and its potential as the drug of addiction.
Validez del test de salto para la valoración del rendimiento anaeróbico y la asimetría en el ciclismo de alto nivel
Authors: Muriel Otegui Xavier , Cámara Tobalina Jesús , Fernández López Juan Ramón , Pallarés Jesús G.
Published: May 2018

Este estudio tuvo como objetivos validar el test de salto con contramovimiento (CMJ) para estimar el rendimiento anaeróbico, así como para estudiar la asimetría en la aplicación de fuerzas entre la pierna izquierda y derecha en ciclistas de alto nivel. Todos los participantes realizaron un test Wingate (WAnT) de 30s en un cicloergómetro y un test CMJ con registros de fuerza y potencia en cada pierna. Los resultados del estudio indican que el tiempo de vuelo del CMJ correlaciona significativamente con la eficiencia mecánica y potencia media y máxima desarrollada en el WAnT (r=.61-.80; P<.05). No obstante, la asimetría entre piernas registrada en ambos test (CMJ vs. WAnT) no correlaciona significativamente. Estos resultados sugieren que el CMJ puede ser un test válido para estimar el rendimiento del metabolismo anaeróbico en ciclistas de élite, aunque no parece ser un test válido para detectar déficits de aplicación de fuerzas entre piernas.
L’intégration d’un repreneur-dirigeant de PME : le rôle socialisateur des subordonnés ?
Authors: Boussaguet Sonia , Grima Francois
Published: May 2018

Cet article a pour objet de comprendre le rôle tenu par les subordonnés dans la socialisation organisationnelle d’un repreneur d’entreprise. Se fondant sur huit études de cas de reprises externes de PME françaises économiquement saines, il montre l’existence d’une aide tridimensionnelle (cognitive, relationnelle et technique) de la part des subordonnés envers leur nouveau dirigeant. Il souligne aussi l’importance de variables contextuelles dans cette prise en charge comme leur préparation émotionnelle et opérationnelle par le cédant. Au-delà, cette recherche montre qu’au contact et sous l’impulsion de ce nouveau leader, se manifestent des besoins de resocialisation chez les subordonnés eux-mêmes.
Stratégie environnementale proactive, compétences naturelles, et performance économique : une approche par la théorie des ressources et compétences
Authors: BRULHART Franck , GHERRA Sandrine
Published: May 2018

L’objectif de cet article est d’appréhender la relation existant entre stratégie environnementale proactive (SEP) et performance économique. Pour cela, nous mobilisons la théorie des ressources et des compétences. Nous analysons le rôle médiateur des compétences naturelles dans la relation entre SEP et performance économique et explorons l’effet du niveau de développement simultané de ces compétences naturelles en ayant recours à un modèle d’équations structurelles. Nos résultats confirment l’influence positive de la SEP sur la rentabilité. Nous montrons également qu’à la différence des compétences naturelles considérées individuellement, le développement simultané de ces compétences naturelles constitue une variable médiatrice de la relation entre SEP et performance économique.
Compétition entre contrôles technocratiques et socio-idéologiques : le cas de l’insertion du contrôle de gestion dans les armées françaises
Authors: Perray-Redslob 1 Ludivine , Gérard Benoît
Published: May 2018

Cette recherche aide à comprendre comment les contrôles technocratiques et les contrôles socio-idéologiques cohabitent en cas de tensions entre eux. Elle s’appuie sur 62 entretiens semi-directifs menés dans les armées françaises. Dans un premier temps, elle montre que les contrôles socio-idéologiques sont à même de freiner l’insertion de nouveaux contrôles technocratiques. Dans un second temps, l’étude souligne que l’insertion de systèmes de contrôle de gestion, loin d’affaiblir les contrôles socio-idéologiques, donne l’occasion aux acteurs organisationnels de réaffirmer la puissance de leurs contrôles socio-idéologiques. Dès lors, nos résultats montrent que les contrôles technocratiques et socio-idéologiques peuvent entrer en compétition. Par ailleurs, cette étude met en valeur l’importance des phénomènes identitaires et politiques dans la cohabitation entre contrôles technocratiques et socio-idéologiques.
L’identité fransaskoise en pièces ou l’insoutenable angoisse de l’autre : tensions entre communautarisme et cosmopolitisme dans le théâtre fransaskois
Authors: Labrecque Rémi
Published: May 2018

Cet article a pour objectif de réfléchir à la manière dont l’identité des francophones est représentée dans trois pièces fransaskoises, soitDe blé d’inde et de pissenlitsde Lorraine Archambault,Il était une fois Delmas, Sask… mais pas deux fois!d’André Roy etElephant Wakede Joey Tremblay. Je présente une analyse des discours qui s’en dégagent à l’aide des concepts de chercheurs et de chercheuses qui abordent la réalité des francophones en milieu minoritaire du point de vue sociologique ou culturel (Monica Heller, Normand Labrie, Joseph Yvon Thériault et François Paré), ou encore, qui s’intéressent au contexte de production et de réception des oeuvres fransaskoises en étudiant les stratégies d’inclusion et de résistance qui s’y trouvent (Marie-Diane Clarke, Nicole Côté, Deborah Cottreau, Louise Ladouceur, Shavaun Liss, Jane Moss, Ian C. Nelson et Nicole Nolette). Après avoir présenté les différences entre des oeuvres à vocation communautaire et artistique, l’article se termine en prenant position en faveur des accommodements occasionnels tels que des surtitres dans la sphère du théâtre francophone dans l’Ouest canadien, car ce genre de stratégie s’avère essentielle pour la survie et l’épanouissement de cette forme d’art minoritaire qui permet aux Fransaskois (de souche ou d’adoption) d’affirmer leur identité sur la scène.
La conciliation des normes juridiques multiniveaux dans la construction des politiques d’immigration francophone dans l’Ouest du Canada
Authors: NDOTA-NGBALE Laetitia
Published: May 2018

Pour les communautés francophones de l’Ouest canadien, les décisions judiciaires constituent la pierre angulaire des avancées ou du recul des droits linguistiques, comme en témoignent les réactions aux récentes causesCaronc.Alberta(2015) etRose-des-ventsc.Colombie-Britannique(2015). Or, à côté de la jurisprudence et des droits linguistiques constitutionnels, d’autres normes juridiques viennent à l’appui des minorités d’expression française.

Aussi, cette étude propose une analyse juridique de lois linguistiques fédérales et provinciales, d’ententes bilatérales, d’attributions légales municipales contribuant à la construction de politiques publiques d’immigration internationale francophone. Les autorités municipales, bien que n’ayant pas de compétence en matière d’im-migration, sont des acteurs essentiels au continuum d’immigration. Cependant, pour améliorer l’effectivité des stratégies de développement linguistique, les normes fédérales, provinciales et municipales mériteraient d’être davantage conciliées.

Dans un contexte où le nombre de personnes ayant le français comme langue maternelle diminue dans l’ouest (Statistique Canada, 2016), tout l’enjeu est de renforcer la mise en réseau de ces normes multiniveaux afin de développer des politiques d’immigration permettant d’accroître la présence francophone. À titre d’illustration et de manière prospective, l’accent sera mis sur les actions internationales des provinces et des municipalités favorisant l’immigration francophone.
Transculturalité et enjeux éthiques liés à la diversité culturelle en contexte canadien
Authors: Piquemal Nathalie , Labrèche Yves
Published: May 2018

En partant d’un constat de faits sociaux encore trop souvent marqués par l’injustice, la marginalisation et l’exclusion des minorités en contexte canadien et nord-américain, ce texte propose une réflexion critique sur les concepts de multi-, inter-, et trans- culturalisme, et plus particulièrement sur les enjeux éthiques liés à la diversité culturelle en contexte canadien. Les auteurs font appel à la philosophie morale de Levinas ainsi qu’à l’anthropologie et aux disciplines connexes pour mettre l’accent sur la responsabilité individuelle et sociale en vue d’arrimer les perspectives en matière de diversité culturelle à un axe d’éthique de la relation à Autrui. À l’aide d’exemples de recherches et d’observations sur l’ethnocentrisme et la discrimination, les auteurs établissent la nécessité de penser et panser la transculturalité selon une perspective éthique de responsabilité.
Enculturación y educación como trayectorias divergentes en la construcción de la identidad de género en el patriarcado gitano
Authors: López Rodríguez María Esther , Sanz Hernández Alexia
Published: May 2018

En el presente artículo se plantea una reflexión en torno a una divergencia detectada en trayectorias vitales de mujeres gitanas, situada en la intersección entre enculturación-educación, cuando cruzan una línea desde la cotidianidad a la socialidad, mientras “escriben y reescriben sus historias dentro de ciertos límites” señalados por la dimensión contextual. A ambos lados de la línea y entre paradigmas, acumulan aprendizajes informales y formales que constituyen el sentido de identidad. Los primeros durante la enculturación, con el grupo de referencia que define su identidad como mujer gitana en el paradigma tradicional. Los segundos durante la socialización, mientras se alejan de la línea de cruce y permanecen en el sistema educativo y laboral en el paradigma de la modernidad, compartiendo significados con coetáneos y congéneres. El resultado es una identidad compleja, moldeada en la doble dimensión individual y social en espacios culturales y marcos sociales diversos.
Profundizamos en perfiles de trayectorias relatadas en primera persona y construidas como un puzle de configurado por hitos y mandatos en correlato con la estructura patriarcal de referencia, elaborados con la metodología cualitativa (entrevistas biográficas, narración, conversación y observación) y analizados con la teoría fundamentada en dos dimensiones claves, la psicológica y la contextual.
Preparation of Stearic Acid/Graphene oxide Based Form-Stable Composite Phase Change Materials
Authors: OKTAY Burcu
Published: May 2018

Composite
phase change materials (PCM) of stearic acid/graphene oxide were prepared by thiol-alkyne
click coupling reaction. Stearic acid was firstly modified with propargyl to
introduce thiol-yne clickable sites. Different amounts of graphene oxide were
added to thiol-alkyne clickable formulation. To evaluate phase change
properties of PCMs differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was used. Thermal
stability and degradation profiles of PCMs were investigated. The structural
characterization of stearic propargyl ester and PCMs was performed by ATR-FTIR
spectroscopy. The addition of graphene oxide increased the maximum weigh loss
temperature from 328 to 351 ˚C with respect to the base formulation. Moreover,
the crosslinking of stearic acid prevented the leakage of PCMs.
Options for maintaining fishery production in the United Arab Emirates due to climate change adaptation strategies
Authors: Fathelrahman Eihab , Siddig Khalid , Al-Qaydi Saif , Rafi Ullah Tasbih Ullah Safdar Muhammad,
Published: May 2018

Fisheries around the world continue to face high demand for more fish to catch in order to offer a healthier alternative source of protein. This is mostly due to the declining global wild fish stock. The United Arab Emirates (UAE), similar to many other countries, has witnessed declining per capita fish availability in the last three decades due to such decreasing fish catch. The goal of this research is to study the benefits and socio-economic implication of adopting sustainable practices in face of climatic uncertainty in the UAE. More specifically, the study undertakes impact analyses of efforts made to sustain such valuable natural resource endowment, i.e., the fish stock. The sustainable practices of the fisheries sector include both hard and soft measures. Hard measures include construction of artificial fish habitats in the Arabian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. Meanwhile, soft measures include enforcement of regulations that protect and conserve the fisheries’ stocks.  The economic impacts of these practices are evaluated assuming targeted shiftsbased on assumned scenarios of adaptations measures. To achieve the research objective empirical UAE economic data and  Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model used to perform the analysis. Results show that prices of fishery products and of other related commodities will decline which will benefit the consumers the most. Producers in all relevant directly and indirectly related economic sectors gain due to more sales, which offsets economic losses caused by the lower fish prices. Returns to factors of production, such capital, and labor, also change from sustainable practices. To measure these impacts this study measures the changes in consumer and producer welfare in the UAE due to the simulated targeted interventions. The limitation of such proposed climate change adaptation impact is that fishermen are profit maximizers and so they may underinvest in sustainable adaptations to climate change which implies that public sector (e.g. government) should play a positive role to sustain fisheries sectors practices in the long-term.
The effect of using quarter individual milking system “MultiLactor” on improvement of milk performance and milk quality of different dairy cows breeds in different farms
Authors: Kaskous Shehadeh
Published: May 2018

Milking machine is an important factor in milk performance and milk quality during the course of milk removal in dairy cows. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of using quarter individual milking system “MultiLactor” (ML) on improvement of milk performance and milk quality of different dairy cows breeds in different farms. A quarter individual Milking system ML has a single guided tubes with a vacuum of 34 kPa, pulsation rate of 60 cycle/min and ration of 60 to 40%. The system has also a periodic air inlet and a sequential pulsation. In this study, milking data were collected from 170 Holstein Friesian cows (Farm 1), 130 Holstein Friesian (red) cows (Farm 2) and 54 Brown Swiss cows (Farm 3). Quantitative and qualitative milk data of these farms have been recorded by Association of milk records, Switzerland. The primary milking data of cows were collected during the period from 2010 to 2015 after using the new milking system. The data were later processed with Excel program and analyzed using the statistical analysis system (SAS). The results are presented as least square means with standard errors (LSM±SE) and the significant difference was set at (P<0.05).  The daily milk yield during the study period from 2010 to 2015 increased significantly to 117% (from 34.64±1.23 to 40.51±1.00 kg/day/animal), 162% (from 20.29±1.37 to 30.88±0.65 kg/day/animal) and 151% (from 15.04±0.83 to 22.71±0.54 kg/day/animal) in farms 1, 2 and 3 respectively after using of ML milking system. Fat and protein content of the milk also increased during the same period of three breeds and farms. However, the results showed that the milking system ML had significant effects on the udder health status by reducing continuously somatic cell count (SCC) in milk by 54.81%, 51.54% and 51.66% in farm 1, 2 and 3 respectively during the study period. Furthermore, Lactation number of the cows were continuously increased in the study during the same period. In conclusion, after 5 years of using ML, it has been shown that a quarter individual milking machine was adapted to the physiological requirements of dairy farms and different breeds and the milk removal with ML brings better quantity and quality of milk in terms of improved milk performance, fat %, protein % and lower number of SCC in the milk.
Dynamic metabolic profiling in vegetable soybean seed development
Authors: Guoqiang Lin Runfang Hu,
Published: May 2018

The edible quality of vegetable soybean is significantly associated with the number and type of metabolites. In the present study, metabolites in new vegetable soybean variety Mindou 6 at 49 to 67 days after flowering was investigated using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The results showed that a total of 102 metabolites were identified from the vegetable soybean seeds, including 36 organic acids (35.3%), 21 amino acids, 11 polyols, 9 sugars, 7 phosphoric acids, 5 amines, 4 fatty acids, 4 nucleotides, and 5 other components. The principal component analysis indicated that the metabolites of amino acids, organic acids and sugars were greatly related to the quality of the vegetable soybean at the filling stages. A total of 40 differential metabolites were identified, including 14 amino acids, 13 organic acids and 2 sugars, and were found to be mainly involved in the metabolism of glycolysis, amino acids and phenylpropanoid. We systematically analyzed the change in the contents of metabolites in the developmental seeds of Mindou 6 and its effects on seed nutrition and eating quality. The suitable picking time was determined by combining the fresh pod yield and appearance quality. Taken together, these results can provide a theoretical reference for vegetable soybean breeding for high quality and efficient production.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Regulate Flowering of Hyacinths orientalis L. Anna Marie
Authors: Q.-Sheng Wu M.-Miao Xie,
Published: May 2018

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represent positive effects on growth performance, nutrient absorption and stressed tolerance of host plants, whereas it is not clear whether AMF can affect flowering traits of ornamental plants. In this work, Diversispora spurca, D. versiformis, and Funneliformis mosseae were applied to rhizosphere of potted hyacinth (Hyacinths orientalis L. Anna Marie) plants. After four months of mycorrhizal inoculation, root could be colonized by exogenous AMF species, varied from 38% to 49%, whilst F. mosseae had the best mycorrhizal status. Out of these AMF species used, only F. mosseae-inoculated plants recorded greater raceme length and biomass production of single flowerlet, raceme, and flower stem. F. mosseae also induced the flowering earlier in 2 days and prolonged flowering time for 3 days. D. versiformis postponed 2 days for flowering. Mycorrhizal plants recorded considerably higher acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin riboside (ZR) levels in flowers, irrespective of AMF species. F. mosseae-inoculated plants had significantly higher methyl jasmonate (MeJA) concentrations in flowers than other AMF- or non-AMF-treated plants. These results thereby conclude that F. mosseae can be used to regulate flowering of H. orientalis L. Anna Marie, including flowering earlier and prolonging flowering time, which is closely associated with IAA, ZR and MeJA levels in flowers.
STEREO AND SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY CHARACTERISTICS OF POULTRY BREEDING BEETLE (Alphitobius diaperinus) – A FILAMENTOUS TOXIGENIC FUNGI CARRIER
Authors: Silva Soares Carlos Eduardo da , Weber André , Scussel Vildes Maria
Published: May 2018

This study isolated Alphitobius diaperinus (live and dead) insects from shed’s aviary bed to investigate their fungi spores distribution (that affects chicken health and meat production) and their accumulation sites (dorsal & ventral) characteristics by different microscopies (stereo and scanning electron). Despite live beetles being the main fungi spore carriers, the dead ones had far more spores attached on their body exoskeleton thereby being a focus of infection. That was due to the anatomical sites favoring spores trapping effect, together with beetles’ different moisture content. Regarding the spores distribution and so the hyphae presence & mycelia concentration on dead A. diaperinus, they were mainly detected at the (a) elytra, elytral suture and pronotum (on the dorsal side). Despite that, the highest spores/mycelia concentration was at the mouthparts, prosternum and legs (femur & tarsus) (on the ventral side). Indeed the beetle’s ventral anatomical microscopic structures (mouthparts & legs) sheltered the highest fungi spores concentration and colonies proliferation. Thus dead beetle colonies growth lead to spore multiplication, their dissemination throughout the aviary bed environment and so their contact to chicken feet and body, leading to discomfort and diseases development / mycotoxicosis. The filamentous fungi were most detected from the Aspergillus and Penicillium genera. Therefore dead beetles should be removed from aviary (at each 45 breeding cycle) to reduce contamination. They represent rich substrates for fungi development with possibility of toxin formation, apart from the chicken diseases exposure due to their insects eating habits.
Kinetics of polychlorinated biphenyls in Bactrian camels
Authors: Jurjanz Stefan , Nurseitova Moldir , Gaukhar Konuspayeva Zhanna Toregozhina, , Faye Bernard
Published: May 2018

The study aimed to determine the accumulation and depuration of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Bactrian camels. Four lactating, two-humped camels (Camelus bactrianus) received 0.8 mg PCBs (1.3 μg/kg body weight) daily for 56 days. Then, the depuration of the animals was monitored for the next 4 months. Milk, blood and hump fat of the camels were sampled every 2 weeks and analyzed. Body weight increased significantly, from approximately 550 to 613 kg, by the end of the study. The fat mass in the humps initially decreased (-2.3 kg, P<0.05) then increased at the end of the depuration period (+2.0 kg, P<0.05). At the end of the exposure period, the concentrations of the indicator PCBs were 1.6 mg/g hump fat, 0.85 mg/g milk fat and 0.56 mg/L blood serum, i.e., ten times over the background level. The concentrations in the hump fat decreased significantly during the depuration period, for congeners 28, 52, 101 and 118, but did not vary appreciably for the heavily chlorinated congeners 138, 153 and 180. The apparently stable concentrations of the heavier congeners may be an artifact of the reduced fat mass in the humps during the first part of the depuration period, combined with fat mobilization, which may mask the reduction of stored PCBs. PCB concentrations in the milk and blood were not significantly reduced during the depuration periods, as they represent the outflow of PCBs from the pool stored in the humps and have a weak affinity for lipophilic compounds, respectively. Therefore, it should be recommended to avoid the consumption of raw fat from camel hump in polluted areas because this organ would easily bioaccumulate organic pollutants during an exposure and store it over an extended period. PCB contaminants in milk would reflect the intensity of the outflow from the stored pool, and it would take a longer time in camels than in other ruminants to obtain safe food after the exposure of the animals to persistent organic pollutants.
FMN site‐independent energy‐linked reverse electron transfer in mitochondrial respiratory complex I
Authors: Gladyshev Grigory V. , Grivennikova Vera G. , Vinogradov Andrei D.
Published: May 2018

A simple assay procedure for measuring ATP‐dependent reverse electron transfer from ubiquinol to hexaammineruthenium (III) (HAR) catalyzed by mitochondrial respiratory complex I is introduced. The specific activity of the enzyme in this reaction and its sensitivity to the standard inhibitors and uncoupling are the same as with other well‐known electron acceptors, NAD+ and ferricyanide. In contrast to the reactions with these acceptors, the energy‐dependent HAR reduction is not inhibited by NADH‐OH, the specific inhibitor of NADH‐binding site. These results suggest that a catalytically competent electron connection exists between HAR and a redox component of complex I that is different from flavin mononucleotide bound at the substrate‐binding site.
Ubiquitin‐ligase AIP4 controls differential ubiquitination and stability of isoforms of the scaffold protein ITSN1
Authors: Dergai Oleksandr , Dergai Mykola , Rynditch Alla
Published: May 2018

At present, the role of ubiquitination of cargoes internalized from the plasma membrane is better understood than the consequences of ubiquitination of proteins comprising the endocytic machinery. Here, we show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase AIP4/ITCH contributes to the differential ubiquitination of isoforms of the endocytic scaffold protein intersectin1 (ITSN1). The major isoform ITSN1‐s is monoubiquitinated, whereas the minor one, ITSN1‐22a undergoes a combination of mono‐ and oligoubiquitination. The monoubiquitination is required for ITSN1‐s stability, whereas the oligoubiquitination of ITSN1‐22a causes its proteasomal degradation. This explains the observed low abundance of the minor isoform in cells. Thus, different modes of ubiquitination regulated by AIP4 have opposite effects on ITSN1 isoform stability.
Ergothioneine – a diet‐derived antioxidant with therapeutic potential
Authors: Halliwell Barry , Cheah Irwin K. , Tang Richard M. Y.
Published: May 2018

Ergothioneine is a thiol/thione molecule synthesised only by some fungi and bacteria. Nonetheless, it is avidly taken up from the diet by humans and other animals through a transporter, OCTN1, and accumulates to high levels in certain tissues. Ergothioneine is not rapidly metabolised, or excreted in urine and is present in many, if not all, human tissues and body fluids. Ergothioneine has powerful antioxidant and cytoprotective properties in vitro and there is evidence that the body may concentrate it at sites of tissue injury by raising OCTN1 levels. Decreased blood and/or plasma levels of ergothioneine have been observed in some diseases, suggesting that a deficiency could be relevant to the disease onset or progression. This brief Review explores the possible roles of ergothioneine in human health and disease.
Synthesis of 5‐Substituted Benzo[h]quinoline Derivatives via Reactions Involving C(sp2)−Br Bond Activation
Authors: Orwat Bartosz , Oh Myong‐joon Oh , Kubicki Maciej , Kownacki Ireneusz
Published: May 2018

In view of literature reports, benzo[h]quinoline and its substituted analogues, due to their structural similarity to 2‐phenylpyridine derivatives, appear to be very promising C,N‐cyclometalating ligands for iridium‐based Phosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Diode technology. 5‐bromo‐benzo[h]quinoline aroused our particular interest as a convenient precursor for further transformations, and was successfully functionalized in the course of transition metal‐promoted exclusive C−C, C−O and C−N bond formation, yielding a series of 5‐substituted benzo[h]quinoline derivatives with unique structures and properties. Some of the synthesized compounds seemed to be appropriate starting materials for subsequent transformations, and enabled the preparation of new benzo[h]quinoline‐based materials, for instance those with fluorine or silsesquioxane groups, which have not been synthesized by the conventional Scraup protocol. In selected transformations, the assistance of microwave irradiation as a non‐conventional energy carrier significantly improved efficiency, leading to the formation of desired products with yields of up to 99%.

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Mediastinal lymphadenectomy for esophageal cancer: Differences between two countries, Japan and the Netherlands
Authors: Cuesta Miguel A. , van der Peet Donald L. , Gisbertz Suzanne S. , Straatman Jennifer
Published: May 2018

Extent of mediastinal lymphadenectomy during esophagectomy is clearly different between two representative countries of the Eastern and Western world, such as Japan and the Netherlands. In Japan, a clear policy is the standard complete two‐ or three‐field type of lymphadenectomy whereas, in the Netherlands, a limited form is usually carried out. Reasons for these differences can be found in the different types of tumor, 80% of adenocarcinomas in the West and almost 95% of squamous cell cancer in Japan. Moreover, location of the tumors, distally located in the Netherlands whereas, in Japan, the majority are located in the middle and proximal thoracic esophagus. Also, type of neoadjuvant therapy, namely chemoradiotherapy in the Netherlands, and chemotherapy in Japan, are different. Arguments for more extended mediastinal lymphadenectomy are currently challenged in the West, first by the systematic use of chemoradiotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy and, second, the retrospective analysis of large data. According to two studies, the importance of extended lymphadenectomy is shown to be relative and less clear, especially in esophageal adenocarcinomas after neoadjuvant therapy. International efforts such as the TIGER study will help to standardize and find a relationship between the type and location of esophageal cancer, use of neoadjuvant therapy, extent of lymphadenectomy and survival.