bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de los métodos de enseñanza que usa profesorado destacado en clases de ciencias sociales
Authors: Castañeda Meneses Marta
Published: August 2019

El objetivo del estudio es analizar los métodos de enseñanza utilizados por profesorado del nivel de educación primaria reconocido como destacado por el Ministerio de Educación chileno desde la perspectiva que brindan los conceptos sociales claves. El estudio, desde una visión cualitativa, utiliza como técnica de recogida inicial de la información un focus group y, principalmente, se centra en la observación no participante de clases de historia, geografía y ciencias sociales. El colectivo está formado por personal docente del sistema escolar reconocido como destacado. Los datos son analizados desde la perspectiva de los conceptos sociales claves, en este caso: tiempo, espacio, convivencia, identidad y cambio, y desde los métodos de enseñanza utilizados. Como principal conclusión del estudio se puede mencionar que los modelos de enseñanza evidencian una perspectiva tradicional, asociada principalmente a un método expositivo, opción metodológica que no descarta al estudiantado, quien, desde un rol participativo, cede el protagonismo al personal docente en su rol de guía del aprendizaje.
Las competencias del personal de consejería en rehabilitación para trabajar con poblaciones lesbianas, gays y bisexuales (LGB)
Authors: Rivera-Colón Raúl , Ramos-Reyes Maximino , Vázquez-Ramos Robinson
Published: August 2019

El personal de consejería en rehabilitación debe proveer servicios a grupos diversos, incluidas personas lesbianas, gays y bisexuales (LGB). Este estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo exploratorio auscultó las competencias de un grupo de consejería en rehabilitación para trabajar con la población LGB. La muestra estuvo constituida por 118 profesionales de esta consejería, a quienes se les reclutó por disponibilidad. Los instrumentos administrados fueron un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos y la Escala de competencias del consejero en orientación sexual (SOCCS, por sus siglas en inglés) (Bidell, 2005). Se analizaron las variables con la prueba t y correlación de Spearman. El grupo participante mostró competencias moderadas en las subescalas del SOCCS (conocimiento, destrezas y actitudes) y en el promedio total de la escala. No se identificó un resultado estadísticamente significativo en cuanto a las variables de género y el escenario laboral del personal consejero. Se encontró una relación negativa estadísticamente significativa entre los años de experiencia en el ejercicio de la profesión y las subescalas de destrezas y actitudes. Estos resultados podrán ser utilizados para el desarrollo de programas de educación continua para profesionales de la consejería en rehabilitación con el propósito de mejorar el bienestar de sus clientes LGB.
Economía de la carne: Una lectura de Theory of Moral Sentiments de Adam Smith
Authors: Pimentel Chacón Jonathan
Published: August 2019

El artículo presenta una lectura del libro de Adam Smith (1723-1790) intitulado Teoría de los sentimientos morales en la que se enfatiza su carácter teológico. Al enfocarse en cómo representa Smith al “salvaje”, los procedimientos que sigue para pensar la encarnación y los vínculos que establece entre teoría económica y economía teológica, se introduce un modelo para leer el pensamiento político de Smith.

Palabras clave: Adam Smith, economía teológica, teoría de los sentimientos morales, encarnación, teoría económica.
Dios y estrés: Enmiendas a la creación. Religión en John Stuart Mill
Authors: Soto Morera Diego Armando
Published: August 2019

En este trabajo se analiza el concepto de religión en John Stuart Mill como parte de sus Principios de Política Económica. De acuerdo con Mill, no es la muerte de Dios aquello que debe esperarse o propiciarse en una sociedad liberal, pues la religión no está fundada en el miedo. En cambio, el mito fundamental del liberalismo sería el surgimiento de una comunidad del estrés, pues la religión está fundada en el deseo de enmendar la creación y la erradicación del mal. Esta perspectiva será analiza en relación con la tradición de la teología económica cristiana, en la cual, los dones dados por Dios a la humanidad deben ser proliferados, así como una prefiguración del lugar que ocuparía la religión en el mundo moderno según lo imaginaron los textos de Mill.

Palabras clave: religión, liberalismo, energía, rendimiento, Mill.
"One in Christ”: Where the gender binary is trascended Queering the Gender Binary in Galatians 3:28C “No male and Female"
Authors: Yasuda Mayuko
Published: August 2019

Este artículo desestabiliza la relación binaria entre sexo y género que aparece en Gálatas 3:28 a partir del uso de la crítica queer. Algunos investigadores que utilizan la crítica queer afirman que la unidad propuesta en Gálatas 3:28 supone remplazar dos sexos con masculinidad (“en Cristo, un cuerpo masculino”), por lo que el texto no sería un manifiesto de equidad de género como algunas interpretaciones igualitaristas sugieren. Con base en la lectura crítica de Gálatas propuesta por Davina C. López, se argumenta que la unidad hace referencia al Cristo crucificado, que está distante de la masculinidad perfecta, una de las cosas más deseables en la ideología imperial romana. En consecuencia, la unidad se consigue mediante el movimiento hacia lo débil, considerado inferior y crucificado. Esta es la solidaridad conseguida “en Cristo”: un espacio queer y liminal en el que las personas buscan diferentes dinámicas de poder, jerarquías y estructuras genéricas de aquellas que predominaban en el Imperio Romano.

Palabras clave: Gálatas, crítica queer, género, espacio liminal, solidaridad.
Providing Care for Children in Immigrant Families
Authors: Linton Julie M. , Green Andrea ,   COUNCIL ON COMMUNITY PEDIATRICS, Chilton Lance A. , Duffee James H. , Dilley Kimberley J. , Gutierrez J. Raul , Keane Virginia A. , Krugman Scott D. , McKelvey Carla D. , Nelson Jacqueline L.
Published: August 2019

Children in immigrant families (CIF), who represent 1 in 4 children in the United States, represent a growing and ever more diverse US demographic that pediatric medical providers nationwide will increasingly encounter in clinical care. Immigrant children are those born outside the United States to non–US citizen parents, and CIF are defined as those who are either foreign born or have at least 1 parent who is foreign born. Some families immigrate for economic or educational reasons, and others come fleeing persecution and seeking safe haven. Some US-born children with a foreign-born parent may share vulnerabilities with children who themselves are foreign born, particularly regarding access to care and other social determinants of health. Therefore, the larger umbrella term of CIF is used in this statement. CIF, like all children, have diverse experiences that interact with their biopsychosocial development. CIF may face inequities that can threaten their health and well-being, and CIF also offer strengths and embody resilience that can surpass challenges experienced before and during integration. This policy statement describes the evolving population of CIF in the United States, briefly introduces core competencies to enhance care within a framework of cultural humility and safety, and discusses barriers and opportunities at the practice and systems levels. Practice-level recommendations describe how pediatricians can promote health equity for CIF through careful attention to core competencies in clinical care, thoughtful community engagement, and system-level support. Advocacy and policy recommendations offer ways pediatricians can advocate for policies that promote health equity for CIF.
CAROTENOIDS IN FOODS
Authors: Pavlova Tatjana , Stamatovska Viktorija , Dimov Ivan , Nakov Gjore , Kalevska Tatjana
Published: August 2019

Carotenoids are pigments giving the yellow, orange and red colours to the fruits, vegetables, as well as products manufacturing from them. They belong to bio-active compound, being of special interest for the food scientists, nutritionists and food industry due to its positive effect on human health. They function as secondary antioxidants in the food, with ability for significant reduction of the oxygen. Their provitamin role is also very important. Human body has no ability to synthesize them, so those compounds should be taken through diet. Carotenoids are widespread in plants, but they could be found in poultry, eggs and fish, as well. The most common carotenoids in the food include β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin and astaxanthin.
FASHION AND PATTERN DESIGN OF LADIES’ DRESSES WITH TRANSFORMATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF DRAPERIES
Authors: Kazlacheva Zlatina , Ilieva Julieta , Peneva Tanya
Published: August 2019

One of the ways of creation of new fashion designs is the transformation of a garment in another one. According to the main design principles silhouettes, lines, and forms of elements and pieces can be changed. According to both fashion and technical design the change of the elements with decorative and constructive function is more important than changing only decorative ones. The transformations are possible for all of elements with decorative and constructive function: darts, seams, 3D elements. And according to the fashion and pattern making view the drapery is maybe the most interesting three dimensional element, which can be with only decorative, but in the more of the cases it is with decorative and constructive function. The paper presents fashion and pattern design of ladies’ dresses on the base of transformation of the three basic types of drapes: twist knot, twisted and free draperies. In created variants draperies are with decorative and constructive function. With presented way of transformation new designs of draped ladies’ dresses are easy and successfully created. Every of the basic three types of drapery with decorative and constructive function: twist knot, twisted and free ones can be changed with other two types. The facilitating of design and pattern making is result not only that transformations are made on one basic model, but also that systemized approaches of constructing of twist knot and twisted draperies are used.
Correction of cicatricial changes in subacute stage of myocardial infarction with using of dispersed allogenic biomaterial
Authors: Lebedeva A. I. , Afanasyev S. A. , Kondratyeva D. S. , Gareev E. M. , Muslimov S. A. , Popov S. V.
Published: August 2019

Aim. To identify the features of myocardial remodeling after implantation of a dispersed allogenic biomaterial (DAB) in the subacute stage of experimental infarction and determine the role of decay products in the formation of regenerate.

Material and methods. Male rats in the control group (n=30) 5 days after coronary occlusion received physiological saline (intramyocardially), in the experimental group (n=30) — 3 mg of DAB. Myocardial tissues were examined after 7 14, 50 days from the beginning of the experiment using histological, immunohistochemical and statistical methods.

Results. In the experimental group, the cicatrix area was reduced by 1,66 times. The products of DAB biodegradation were collagen, sulfated (dermatan- and keratan sulfate), as well as non-sulfated (hyaluronic acid) glycosaminoglycans. Used DAB served as a promoter of the early proliferative phase of inflammation and had an anti-inflammatory effect. DAB particles were a chemoattractant of stem and progenitor myocardial cells in the subacute stage of myocardial infarction. It contributed to their differentiation and integration into the tissue.

Conclusion. The products of biodegradation of allogeneic biomaterial, administered intramyocardially in the subacute stage of infarction, contribute to the formation of muscular-connective tissue regenerate and effectively prevent its cicatricial devolution.
Interprofessional Learning as Work-integrated Learning:
Authors: Näverå Elisabeth , Spante Maria
Published: August 2019

Team Research Support and Publishing at University West’s Library consists of four librarians who guide researchers and doctoral students in issues regarding publishing strategies, bibliometrics, Information Literacy and how to make research publications available e.g. in the local repository DiVA. The service is frequently used in several ways by various researchers in accordance with their special needs. The  case is originally based on three meetings between a librarian and a researcher entailing individual texts of reflections. This presentation accentuates the benefits of the discussions through the perspectives of collaborative learning and work-integrated learning. These benefits will thus be highlighted through the experiences from continuous face-to-face appointments with focus on information seeking activities and the effective use of databases. 

The meetings between the librarian and the researcher are affected by the fact that both work categories bring their specific professional competences into the discussions. In the dialogues they thus  become each other’s teachers as well as students. The mixed situation of being the bearer of both roles  simultaneously is dealt with by the interacting participants and the co-created meetings are carried through,  and filled with contents, by the professionals themselves. Furthermore, this case emphasizes as well as  problematizes this situation starting off from the individual professionals points of view. Finally, this study  recommends the university management to encourage as well as create conditions for further  interprofessional encounters at work in order to support Work-integrated learning in and for the  organization.
Student active learning in net based education
Authors: Gahnberg Anna , Fagerholm Sonja , Karjalainen Karolina
Published: August 2019

During 2018 the Anna Lindh Library at the Swedish Defence University (SEDU) offers all information literacy education online. The transformation to online teaching has a number of reasons and here are some: • The number of students is expected to grow with 30 % within the next two years. Classes will be larger and there is a scarcity of physical classrooms on the horizon. • Military contract education students have expressed wishes for more flexible learning.• The Swedish University Computer Network (SUNET) provides infrastructure and software services, hence    SEDU has adequate technological environment.

As a first step in the transition to net based education, we have used the web conferencing software Adobe Connect to carry out the teaching. The teaching has been scheduled and synchronous. We have  designed it with search exercises, conducted individually or in groups to stimulate student-active learning. Synchronous design like this may also have social advantages, according to Biggs. (Biggs, 2011, p.  71).  In addition to Adobe Connect, the school's Learning Management System has been used as a synchronous communication platform with the students.

According to Hrastinski technology, if properly used, it can increase learning opportunities. (Hrastinski, 2013, p.15). We also believe that online education can be a solution when the student groups grow. It enables  remote teaching and it is in close proximity to the platforms and databases used in today's information search. 

One of the challenges of applying net based learning to information literacy instruction is that the students are not familiar to the technique yet. Another challenge is that librarians do not meet the same  students over a longer period of time, or not even when they need the instruction the most. Therefore the combination of scheduled synchronous instruction and asynchronous communication will possibly turn  out to be the most successful.

ReferencesHrastinski, S. (2013). Nätbaserad utbildning: En introduktion (2. ed.). Lund: Studentlitteratur. Biggs, J. & Tang, C. (2011). Teaching for quality learning at university: What the student does (4. rev. ed.). Maidenhead: Open University Press.Delaney, Geraldine, & Bates, Jessica. (2018). How Can the University Library Better Meet the Information Needs of Research Students? Experiences from Ulster University. New Review of Academic  Librarianship, 24(1), 63-89.
Co-creating libraries?
Authors: Lystbæk Christian Tang
Published: August 2019

KEYNOTE SPEECH.

Co-creation is receiving increasing interest as a way to involve users in the design and development of goods  and services in many areas of life, including libraries. The concept of co-creation challenges established roles  and relationships between “producers” and “consumers” of services by suggesting that neither the  producers nor the consumers are able to create appropriate services alone, rather services should be co- created, i.e. created together. Thus, while co-creation as a term is new, the basic idea is not. It draws on  normative ideals with an impressive intellectual heritage, such as democratic citizenship and civil society. 

In his talk, Christian will sum up on what we know about co-creation and discuss its relevance for the library landscape. The discussion centers around the question: Who should be drawing the map of the library landscape?
Sparse Adversarial Perturbations for Videos
Authors: Wei Xingxing , Zhu Jun , Yuan Sha , Su Hang
Published: August 2019

Although adversarial samples of deep neural networks (DNNs) have been intensively studied on static images, their extensions in videos are never explored. Compared with images, attacking a video needs to consider not only spatial cues but also temporal cues. Moreover, to improve the imperceptibility as well as reduce the computation cost, perturbations should be added on as few frames as possible, i.e., adversarial perturbations are temporally sparse. This further motivates the propagation of perturbations, which denotes that perturbations added on the current frame can transfer to the next frames via their temporal interactions. Thus, no (or few) extra perturbations are needed for these frames to misclassify them. To this end, we propose the first white-box video attack method, which utilizes an l2,1-norm based optimization algorithm to compute the sparse adversarial perturbations for videos. We choose the action recognition as the targeted task, and networks with a CNN+RNN architecture as threat models to verify our method. Thanks to the propagation, we can compute perturbations on a shortened version video, and then adapt them to the long version video to fool DNNs. Experimental results on the UCF101 dataset demonstrate that even only one frame in a video is perturbed, the fooling rate can still reach 59.7%.
DeRPN: Taking a Further Step toward More General Object Detection
Authors: Xie Lele , Liu Yuliang , Jin Lianwen , Xie Zecheng
Published: August 2019

Most current detection methods have adopted anchor boxes as regression references. However, the detection performance is sensitive to the setting of the anchor boxes. A proper setting of anchor boxes may vary significantly across different datasets, which severely limits the universality of the detectors. To improve the adaptivity of the detectors, in this paper, we present a novel dimension-decomposition region proposal network (DeRPN) that can perfectly displace the traditional Region Proposal Network (RPN). DeRPN utilizes an anchor string mechanism to independently match object widths and heights, which is conducive to treating variant object shapes. In addition, a novel scale-sensitive loss is designed to address the imbalanced loss computations of different scaled objects, which can avoid the small objects being overwhelmed by larger ones. Comprehensive experiments conducted on both general object detection datasets (Pascal VOC 2007, 2012 and MS COCO) and scene text detection datasets (ICDAR 2013 and COCO-Text) all prove that our DeRPN can significantly outperform RPN. It is worth mentioning that the proposed DeRPN can be employed directly on different models, tasks, and datasets without any modifications of hyperparameters or specialized optimization, which further demonstrates its adaptivity. The code has been released at https://github.com/HCIILAB/DeRPN.
A Dual Attention Network with Semantic Embedding for Few-Shot Learning
Authors: Yan Shipeng , Zhang Songyang , He Xuming
Published: August 2019

Despite recent success of deep neural networks, it remains challenging to efficiently learn new visual concepts from limited training data. To address this problem, a prevailing strategy is to build a meta-learner that learns prior knowledge on learning from a small set of annotated data. However, most of existing meta-learning approaches rely on a global representation of images and a meta-learner with complex model structures, which are sensitive to background clutter and difficult to interpret. We propose a novel meta-learning method for few-shot classification based on two simple attention mechanisms: one is a spatial attention to localize relevant object regions and the other is a task attention to select similar training data for label prediction. We implement our method via a dual-attention network and design a semantic-aware meta-learning loss to train the meta-learner network in an end-to-end manner. We validate our model on three few-shot image classification datasets with extensive ablative study, and our approach shows competitive performances over these datasets with fewer parameters. For facilitating the future research, code and data split are available: https://github.com/tonysy/STANet-PyTorch
PVRNet: Point-View Relation Neural Network for 3D Shape Recognition
Authors: You Haoxuan , Feng Yifan , Zhao Xibin , Zou Changqing , Ji Rongrong , Gao Yue
Published: August 2019

Three-dimensional (3D) shape recognition has drawn much research attention in the field of computer vision. The advances of deep learning encourage various deep models for 3D feature representation. For point cloud and multi-view data, two popular 3D data modalities, different models are proposed with remarkable performance. However the relation between point cloud and views has been rarely investigated. In this paper, we introduce Point-View Relation Network (PVRNet), an effective network designed to well fuse the view features and the point cloud feature with a proposed relation score module. More specifically, based on the relation score module, the point-single-view fusion feature is first extracted by fusing the point cloud feature and each single view feature with point-singe-view relation, then the pointmulti- view fusion feature is extracted by fusing the point cloud feature and the features of different number of views with point-multi-view relation. Finally, the point-single-view fusion feature and point-multi-view fusion feature are further combined together to achieve a unified representation for a 3D shape. Our proposed PVRNet has been evaluated on ModelNet40 dataset for 3D shape classification and retrieval. Experimental results indicate our model can achieve significant performance improvement compared with the state-of-the-art models.
Cycle-SUM: Cycle-Consistent Adversarial LSTM Networks for Unsupervised Video Summarization
Authors: Yuan Li , Tay Francis EH , Li Ping , Zhou Li , Feng Jiashi
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we present a novel unsupervised video summarization model that requires no manual annotation. The proposed model termed Cycle-SUM adopts a new cycleconsistent adversarial LSTM architecture that can effectively maximize the information preserving and compactness of the summary video. It consists of a frame selector and a cycle-consistent learning based evaluator. The selector is a bi-direction LSTM network that learns video representations that embed the long-range relationships among video frames. The evaluator defines a learnable information preserving metric between original video and summary video and “supervises” the selector to identify the most informative frames to form the summary video. In particular, the evaluator is composed of two generative adversarial networks (GANs), in which the forward GAN is learned to reconstruct original video from summary video while the backward GAN learns to invert the processing. The consistency between the output of such cycle learning is adopted as the information preserving metric for video summarization. We demonstrate the close relation between mutual information maximization and such cycle learning procedure. Experiments on two video summarization benchmark datasets validate the state-of-theart performance and superiority of the Cycle-SUM model over previous baselines.
Memory-Augmented Temporal Dynamic Learning for Action Recognition
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Wang Dong , Wang Qi
Published: August 2019

Human actions captured in video sequences contain two crucial factors for action recognition, i.e., visual appearance and motion dynamics. To model these two aspects, Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks (CNNs and RNNs) are adopted in most existing successful methods for recognizing actions. However, CNN based methods are limited in modeling long-term motion dynamics. RNNs are able to learn temporal motion dynamics but lack effective ways to tackle unsteady dynamics in long-duration motion. In this work, we propose a memory-augmented temporal dynamic learning network, which learns to write the most evident information into an external memory module and ignore irrelevant ones. In particular, we present a differential memory controller to make a discrete decision on whether the external memory module should be updated with current feature. The discrete memory controller takes in the memory history, context embedding and current feature as inputs and controls information flow into the external memory module. Additionally, we train this discrete memory controller using straight-through estimator. We evaluate this end-to-end system on benchmark datasets (UCF101 and HMDB51) of human action recognition. The experimental results show consistent improvements on both datasets over prior works and our baselines.
Differentiation of acute rhinosinusitis from chronic rhinosinusitis using MDCT
Authors: ERKOÇ Mustafa Fatih , ÖZTOPRAK Bilge , DOĞAN Mansur , GÖKSUNGUR Gürol
Published: August 2019

It is
difficult to differentiate acute from chronic rhinosinusitis clinically, and to
date they are assessed radiologically via air-fluid level or opacification,
which can appear similar in both cases. Our purpose was to examine whether air
density analysis combined with classical radiological approaches can be used as
a new tool to differentiate between acute and chronic sinusitis. This
retrospective study included a total of 2419 sinuses in 550 patients who
underwent paranasal sinus multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).  Patients were divided into three groups
according to clinical diagnosis of sinus status: acutely inflamed as group 1
(n=176), the chronic sinusitis as group 2 (n=191) and healthy sinuses (n=183)
as group 3, the control group. The mean air density and standard deviations
(SD) within the paranasal sinuses in each group were calculated by the
measurements of air density with a region of interest (ROI) of 0.5 cm2,
located in the center of the air-filled sinus avoiding the sinus wall, and
repeated the measurement in 4-6 consequent CT slices, where available.The mean
air density was significantly higher in group 1 compared with group 2 and 3 (-
810 HU,-973 HU and -1010 HU respectively; p < 0.05), as well as SD (89.3 HU,
21.1 HU and 20.9 HU respectively; p < 0.05).

In
conclusion; increased air density in paranasal sinuses may aid in
distinguishing acute from chronic rhinosinusitis.
Water, settlement and food provision in Natal Colony: The Winterton Irrigation Settlement, 1902-1904
Authors: Whelan Debbie
Published: August 2019

Irrigation settlements formed a vital part of infrastructural history in the former Natal Colony. Projects implemented in the late nineteenth century had a specific socio-political impetus, which shifted to a more economic strategy after the South African War. The Tugela irrigation schemes were intended as an official long term investment in food security and to diversify the potential of crop production. After 1902, the Upper Tugela Irrigation Scheme at Winterton and the Lower Tugela Irrigation Scheme at Muden were planned: both aimed at creating small, irrigated farms on which to settle "a different class of farmer", in the case of the former, medium to low income white settlers; and the latter, African farmers. Using an interface of the social and the physical, this article will discuss the Winterton Irrigation Settlement contextualised with environmental and social issues affecting food production in the 1890s. It will begin with the schematic master-plan allowing for the settlement, and discuss the identification of lands, physical construction of the water infrastructure and the surveys of the plots. It then discusses the social engineering that allowed for the allocation of lands, before commenting on the invisible role function of the furrows as ongoing infrastructure and a means of underpinning social sustainability.
Safety protocols for Aquatic Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee. v2
Authors: W Wilhelm Steven , Lecleir Gary , A Humphrey Ashley
Published: August 2019

This is a collection of safety protocols as used by the Aquatic Microbial Ecology Research Group. Science & Engineering Room 637 (O); 634 (Lab)
Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Bobylev A. A. , Rachina S. A. , Avdeev S. N. , Kozlov R. S. , Sukhorukova M. V. , Yatsyshina S. B. , El’kina M. A. , Yudanova T. A.
Published: August 2019

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is one of the most common comorbidities in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

The aim of this study was to investigate etiology of CAP in patients with concomitant CHF.

Methods. This prospective observational study involved adult hospitalized patients with CAP and concomitant CHF. CAP was confirmed by chest X-ray. Sputum samples or oropharyngeal swabs, blood and urine samples were collected in all eligible patients before starting the therapy with systemic antibiotics. Sputum was cultured for «typical» bacterial pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacterales, etc., in accordance with standard methods and procedures. Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae and respiratory viruses in sputum or oropharyngeal swabs were identified using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Urine samples were used to determine serogroup 1 Legionella pneumophila and S. pneumoniae soluble antigens using bedside immunochromatography.

Results. Fifty patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 72.2 ± 9.5 years, 27 (54%) were females. The etiology of CAP was identified in 23 cases (46%). S. pneumoniae was the most common pathogen (16/23; 69.7%) followed by respiratory viruses (3/23; 13.1%), such as type 3 parainfluenza virus, coronavirus, human metapneumovirus; Haemophilus influenzae (1/23; 4.3%), S. aureus (1/23; 4.3%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (1/23; 4.3%). S. pneumoniae and parainfluenza virus co-infection was diagnosed in one of 23 patients (4.3%).

Conclusion. S. pneumoniae and respiratory viruses were predominant causative pathogens of CAP in hospitalized adults with concomitant CHF. Therefore, bedside tests for urine pneumococcal antigens should be used more widely considering difficult sputum expectoration in elderly. Atypical bacterial pathogens (M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, L. pneumophila) were not identified in this study, so the routine PCR-test and urine tests for L. pneumophila antigens are thought to be not useful.
Finanzas concejiles en la Castilla medieval : el ejemplo de La Rioja Alta (siglo XV -inicios del XVI)
Authors: Goicolea Julián Francisco Javier
Published: August 2019

Las ciudades y las villas de la Rioja alta presentaban en la baja edad media una organización hacendística similar a la de otros núcleos urbanos de la corona de Castilla. A finales de la edad media, junto a los ingresos tradicionales recaudados por los mayordomos, se irán generalizando otros ingresos procedentes de fórmulas de financiación de carácter extraordinario, como derramas, sisas y préstamos, con objeto de hacer frente a unos gastos cada vez más apremiantes y diversificados. Las haciendas concejiles deberán adaptarse a esta nueva situación y para ello los gobiernos municipales tendrán que hacer frente a las deficiencias en la gestión y en el control de las mismas, que habían dado lugar al ejercicio de prácticas abusivas por parte de algunos miembros de los regimientos.
Los tercios catalanes durante el reinado de Carlos II, 1665-1697 : el funcionamiento interno de una institución militar
Authors: Espino López Antonio
Published: August 2019

El presente trabajo es un intento de acercamiento socio-institucional a los tercios levantados por Cataluña durante los años 1665-1697, un período en el que la monarquía hispánica fue sistemáticamente atacada por la Francia de Luis XIV. Nos hemos ocupado del funcionamiento interno de los tercios catalanes tratando aspectos como la recluta, el número de tropas levantadas y su coste, las deserciones, las enfermedades y la muerte, las licencias del servicio... La importancia del hecho militar en todas las épocas nos obliga a reivindicar la necesidad de conocer mejor en este caso, los aspectos bélicos de la época de los Austrias.
La renovación de la cultura española a través del pensamiento alemán : Krause y el krausismo
Authors: Capellán de Miguel Gonzalo
Published: August 2019

El krausismo fue un movimiento filosófico de gran trascendencia en el siglo XIX. Aunque encontró sus fuentes de inspiración en el exterior, principalmente en Krause y Ahrens (en Alemania) y Tiberghien (en Bélgica) los krausistas españoles trataron con ahínco de aplicar sus teorías a nuestro país (en moral, educación, derecho...). Al hacerlo fueron duramente criticados por los pensadores tradicionalistas. Estos vieron en el krausismo un movimiento extranjero cuyo objetivo era negar a dios y atacar a la iglesia católica. Por lo tanto los krausistas encontraron muchas dificultades para extender sus ideas más allá de los intelectuales. Tras la guerra civil el krausismo fue considerado como un pensamiento antiespañol y los historiadores liberales trataron de demostrar que sus ideas estaban estrechamente emparentadas con la cultura española. Hoy sabemos ya que el krausismo fue una filosofía de raigambre alemana que intentó abrir la cultura española a Europa. Ahora ya no necesitamos justificar semejante propósito dado que creemos que las ideas provenientes de fuera pueden ser asumidas aquí.
Jean Baudrillard : reflexiones sobre la historia y el tiempo a fin de siglo
Authors: Clavo Sebastián María Josefina
Published: August 2019

Análisis del fin de milenio desde el punto de vista de la entrada en una época postmoderna fuertemente marcada por el imperio de los medios de comunicación y por una falsa democracia, que tiene el efecto de diluir los elementos sustanciales que siempre han movido a los pueblos.
Noisy Modernization? On the History and Historicization of Sound
Authors: Hoegaerts Josephine , Kilpiö Kaarina
Published: August 2019

Sound ‘does’ things to places, to people and to time: it can affect change. This collection focuses specifically on the role sound has played as an agent of modernity. How were sound and music used as the material of modernization, how did they help create group identities, how were they mobilized in asserting power? In order to study this active quality of sound and music in the formation of the modern world, the contributors to this collection propose an interdisciplinary approach, including methods from sound studies and cultural musicology, and data from archives as well as record collections and catalogues.
O fomento ao conhecimento em turismo: uma análise da representatividade da temática do turismo para os estudos (teses e dissertações) da pós-graduação stricto sensu em Geografia no Brasil
Authors: Maranhão Christiano Henrique da Silva , Azevedo Francisco Fransualdo de
Published: August 2019

De tudo que vem sendo estudado sobre o turismo, a fala que ratifica sua sinergia com diversas ciências é uma das mais recorrentes. Sabe-se que a relação entre o turismo e a Geografia é historicamente estabelecida pela ação dos deslocamentos turísticos, por meio das materialidades (infraestruturas diversas), permitindo que sujeitos com diferentes motivações se desloquem pelo espaço. Assim, este artigo busca analisar a representatividade da temática do turismo para a produção de teses e dissertações, no âmbito dos programas brasileiros de pós-graduação stricto sensu em Geografia. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa se caracteriza como exploratório-descritiva, reconhecendo a complexidade do estudo do turismo. A seleção do empírico foi realizada com o auxílio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), por meio de um levantamento em 2016, de teses e dissertações depositadas pelos programas brasileiros de pós-graduação stricto sensu em Geografia, no banco digital de teses e dissertações da Plataforma Sucupira. Feito isso, aplicou-se a análise temática que permitiu comparar textos de teor semelhante. Conclui-se que o turismo apresenta significativa representatividade, enquanto temática para os estudos geográficos (teses e dissertações), possibilitando à Geografia distintas aplicações teóricas diante da sinergia entre objetos e ações que está posta no arranjo espacial.
Barragem e turismo na representação dos barqueiros atingidos pela UHE Estreito em Babaçulândia – Tocantins
Authors: Zagallo Ana Daisy Araújo , Ertzogue Marina Hainzenreder
Published: August 2019

Este artigo aborda as representações sociais do turismo dos barqueiros de Babaçulândia (TO), município afetado pela Usina Hidrelétrica Estreito – UHEE, instalada no Rio Tocantins. O estudo, de natureza qualitativa, baseou-se nos pressupostos teóricometodológicos da Teoria das Representações Sociais de Serge Moscovici para subsidiar a discussão dos dados coletados por meio de conversas qualificadas. Diante das transformações que descaracterizaram a paisagem e o modo de vida ribeirinho, buscou-se compreender a importância e o significado do turismo para essa comunidade, nas representações desses barqueiros. O estudo mostra que para esse grupo de atingidos, antes da implantação da UHEE, o turismo sazonal desenvolvido nas praias temporárias do Rio Tocantins era sustentável, pois envolvia toda a cidade, gerando benefícios à comunidade em geral. Concluiu-se que no contexto dos efeitos gerados pela UHEE, as representações produzidas por esses atores sociais denotam um cenário de incertezas,revelando um horizonte de insustentabilidade socioambiental para essa comunidade amazônica.
Caminhos para o desenvolvimento turístico em Maricá, RJ
Authors: Conti Bruna Ranção , Lavandoski Joice
Published: August 2019

O turismo de base comunitária (TBC) vem se demonstrando como uma alternativa ao modelo convencional de desenvolvimento turístico que privilegia grandes investimentos em infraestrutura, iniciativa de grandes empresários de diferentes setores e ganhos econômicos que se sobrepõem às preocupações ambientais e sociais. Essa lógica vem sendo observada no município de Maricá, inserido no estado do Rio de Janeiro, com a futura implantação do complexo turístico-residencial Fazenda São Bento da Lagoa. Na contramão, está o interesse de pesquisadores e parte da gestão pública no fomento a uma lógica alternativa, o TBC. Estetrabalho tem como objetivo analisar os dois modelos vigentes para o desenvolvimento do turismo em Maricá, isto é, o modelo convencional e, mais recentemente, o turismo de base comunitária. Para isso, são apresentadas as discussões teórico-conceituais sobre esses modelos. A metodologia desta pesquisa tem natureza exploratória e caráter qualitativo. Por meio de um Estudo de Caso, a análise Swot apresenta um diagnóstico para o turismo em Maricá, avaliando e contrapondo os dois modelos de desenvolvimento do turismo vigentes, a fim de identificar ameaças, fraquezas, oportunidades e fortalezas em ambos os projetos turísticos. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade da gestão pública entender esses modelos como complementares, privilegiando uma visãomais integrada dos interesses do coletivo e sua incorporação nas políticas públicas locais.
Megaeventos e Turismo no Rio de Janeiro: um olhar sobre o Planejamento Estratégico e a promoção da imagem da cidade
Authors: Fernandes Ana Maria Vieira
Published: August 2019

A cidade do Rio de Janeiro orientou sua gestão para políticas estratégicas que promoveram renovações urbanas em seu espaço desde a década de 1990, o que a tornou palco de megaeventos, como a Copa do Mundo (2014) e os Jogos Olímpicos (2016). Perante a discussão sobre quais são as questões que emergem após a realização dos megaeventos na cidade, este artigo objetivou analisar como o Rio orientou a sua governança pública a partir dos Planos Estratégicos e quais foram as principais ações previstas nestes para o desenvolvimento do turismo e para a promoção da sua imagem a fim de posicionar-se de forma competitiva internacionalmente. As metodologias adotadas foram: pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de campo (nas intervenções urbanas promovidas como espaços de consumo e lazer), e entrevistas com gestores públicos e moradores afetados. Aponta-se que nenhuma ação estratégica visou o desenvolvimento qualitativo do turismo participativo; somente focou no aumento do fluxo de turistas. As intervençõeselitizaram os espaços públicos e atenderam a uma pequena parcela, evidenciando que tais políticas visaram a promoção da cidade e não o bem-estar social, em um processo claro de gentrificação.
Comparison between the Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam on Postoperative Cognitive Impairment after Coronary Artery Bypasses Graft Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rajaei Mahsa , Tabari Masoomeh , Soltani Ghassem , Alizadeh Kambiz , Nazari Alireza , Noroozian Maryam , Morovatdar Negar
Published: August 2019

Background: Postoperative cognitive decline is a common complication observed frequently after general anesthesia in the immediate postoperative phase. We studied the effects of dexmedetomidine versus midazolam during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery on cognitive and memory function. 
Methods: In this clinical trial, 42 elective on-pump CABG candidates under general anesthesia, aged between 40 and 65 years, were enrolled randomly in 2 groups. Group A received 0.05–0.1 mg/kg of midazolam and Group B received 1 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine. One day before surgery, all the participants underwent the Persian version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Persian version of the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) test for a comparison of cognitive impairment and memory functions. Both groups were given fentanyl and propofol for the induction of anesthesia and muscle relaxants. The MMSE and WMS tests were repeated 5 and 30 days after surgery.
Results: The mean±SD of age was 55.47±7.18 y in Group A and 55.39±6.08 y in Group B. Eighty percent of the participants were men in both groups. There were no significant differences between Group A and Group B in the MMSE and WMS before surgery (89.04±14.30 vs. 97.10±18.10, respectively;  P=0.059), but the WMS was significantly different 30 days after surgery (87.60±14.30 vs. 103.53±19.93, respectively; P=0.005). Group A showed high cognitive impairment and low WMS scores compared with Group B (P=0.005). Additionally, the MMSE results were not statistically different between the 2 groups postoperatively (24.80±3.18 vs. 23.55±4.18, respectively; P=0.394).
Conclusion: Our results showed that dexmedetomidine might have a lower impact on cognitive function than might midazolam among patients undergoing CABG.
 
J Teh Univ Heart Ctr 2019;14(2):67-73
 
This paper should be cited as: Rajaei M, Tabari M, Soltani G, Alizadeh K, Nazari A, Noroozian M, Morovatdar N. Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam on Postoperative Cognitive Impairment after Coronary Artery Bypasses Graft Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Teh Univ Heart Ctr 2019;14(2):67-73.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypoxemia after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: The Time to Change Our Conceptions
Authors: Yousefshahi Fardin , Samadi Elham , Paknejad Omalbanin , Movafegh Ali , Barkhordari Khosro , Bastan Hagh Ehsan , Dehestani Babak
Published: August 2019

Background: Acute hypoxemia is the main characteristic of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is one of the most critical complications of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Given the dearth of data on acute hypoxemia, we sought to determine its prevalence and risk factors among post-CABG patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on on-pump CABG patients in Tehran Heart Center in 2 consecutive months in 2012. The effects of arterial blood gas variables, age, gender, the duration of the pump and cross-clamping, the ejection fraction, the creatinine level, and the body mass index on the prevalence of hypoxemia at the cutoff points of ARDS and acute lung injury were assessed.
Results: Out of a total of 232 patients who remained in the study, 174 (75.0%) cases were male. The mean age was 60.60±9.42 years, and the mean body mass index was 27.15±3.93 kg/m2. None of the patients expired during the current admission. The ratio of partial pressure arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) 1 hour after admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), before extubation, and at 4 hours after extubation was less than 300 mmHg in 66.6%, 72.2%, and 86.6% of the patients and less than 200 mmHg in 20.8% 17.7%, and 30.2% of the patients, respectively. Among the different variables, only a heavier weight was associated with a PaO2/FiO2 ratio of less than 300 mmHg at 1 hour after ICU admission and at 4 hours after extubation (P=0.001). A rise in the cross-clamp time showed a significant association with the risk of a PaO2/FiO2 ratio of less than 200 mmHg at 4 hours after extubation (P=0.014).
Conclusion: This study shows that hypoxemia following CABG is very common in the first 48 postoperative hours, although it is a benign and transient event. The high prevalence may affect the accuracy of the ARDS criteria and their positive or negative predictive value.
 
J Teh Univ Heart Ctr 2019;14(2):74-80
 
This paper should be cited as: Yousefshahi F, Samadi E, Paknejad O, Movafegh A, Barkhordari K, Bastan Hagh E, Dehestani B. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypoxemia after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: The Time to Change Our Conceptions. J Teh Univ Heart Ctr 2019;14(2):74-80.
Reversed Elephant Trunk Technique for the Repair of Type B Aortic Dissection: A Case Report
Authors: Prakash Rajakumar Anjith , Sundararaaja Ravikumar Mithun , Raman Karthik , Singh Arun , Ahmed Sheriff Ejaz , Sethuratnam Rajan
Published: August 2019

We report a case of a type B aortic dissection with an aneurysm treated by the replacement of the proximal descending thoracic aorta via the reversed elephant trunk technique. A 48-year-old asymptomatic man was diagnosed with a type B aortic dissection, moderate aortic regurgitation, and a good biventricular function in March 2012. Four years later (April 2016), a contrast-enhanced computed tomography examination revealed an aneurysmal dilatation in the patient’s descending thoracic aorta with a thrombosis in the proximal part of the false lumen, which warranted surgical repair. He underwent type B aortic dissection repair through the left posterolateral thoracotomy. Three months after the surgery, the patient developed a type A aortic dissection with severe aortic regurgitation, which was successfully managed via a Bentall procedure with arch replacement facilitated by the reversed elephant trunk technique performed during the initial surgery through thoracotomy. At 2 years follow-up, the patient was doing well with a normal left ventricular function.