bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Devising technologies for harvesting hemp with belt threshers
Authors: Sheichenko Viktor , Shevchuk Vitaliy , Dudnikov Igor , Koropchenko Serhii , Dnes Viktor , Skoriak Yuliia , Skibchyk Volodymyr
Published: March 2022

This paper reports the system of devised technologies for harvesting hemp with belt hemp threshers. It is proposed to form a roll of mowed hemp stems on a belt and tramp it to the field edge for further processing of stems. That makes it possible to significantly improve the efficiency of mechanized processes when harvesting and processing the entire biological harvest of hemp. Thus, the level of handling hemp production systems has been increased. At the same time, the management of the process of roll formation of hemp stems has been improved.
The technology of hemp harvesting has been improved with the possibility of obtaining raw materials for long fiber and therapeutic preparations. Two-phase harvesting (for seeds and fiber) has been proposed to be implemented by using belt hemp threshers included in the stationary (semi-stationary) complexes.
The possibility of preparing the combed hemp retted stalks by spreading them on materials of various types has been systematically substantiated.
The influence of the thickness of a layer of hemp stalks spread out for the preparation of retted stalks on the timing of their preparation and fiber quality indicators has been investigated.
It was established that in terms of the quality indicators of the produced fiber, the retted stalks from all experiments are properly aged while the efficiency of their processing for medium- and large-stalk fraction is high.
The fibers produced in all experiments were characterized by purity, as well as high indicators of breaking load and handful length.
As regards the linear density, the fibers’ values in all experimental variants exceeded the normative ones by 1.65‒2.64 times, which rendered them non-standard.
An increase in the values of quality indicators has been established with the corresponding change, from 1 to 3 kilograms per meter, in the thickness of the layer of combed hemp stalks. The breaking load, under such conditions, increased by 16.6 %; the linear density, by 20 %; the content of shives, by 60 %; the «paw» content, by 12.5 %, the content of bast strands, by 10.8 %.
Method for reducing longitudinal spherical aberration of intraocular lenses
Authors: Polishchuk Oleksandr , Kozyar Vasiliy , Zhaboiedov Dmytro
Published: March 2022

It has been established that of all types of aberrations following the implantation of intraocular lenses, the most significant is spherical, inherent in the spherical optics in various aspects. This paper proposes a method for reducing the longitudinal spherical aberration of intraocular lenses by applying an additional optical layer onto their surface. To reduce spherical aberration, the thickness of a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) was simulated in the programming environment Zemax 13 (USA). Calculations that were performed included refractive indices of the environment and the material of the optics. It was established that in order to reduce the value of the longitudinal spherical aberration of an intraocular lens made of hydrophobic acrylic, the thickness of aTeflon layer should be about 100 nm.
The results of spraying indicate an improvement in the optical characteristics of the lens by reducing longitudinal spherical aberration. When examining different areas of lenses with spraying, it was established that there is no spherical aberration in the lens area. In the 4 mm zone, the spherical aberration indicator decreased by 4 times compared to the original lens. In the region with a diameter of 6 mm, spherical aberration decreased by 0.2. Applying a layer of Teflon reduced Fresnel reflection by 4 times, which improves the sensitivity and contrast of vision. The hydrophobic properties of Teflon provide the anti-adhesive state of the lens, which is a counteraction to the development of secondary cataracts. The SolidWorks 19 software (France) was used to design a model of the lens "NVision Optics" whose aberrations were eliminated as much as possible
Developing the algorithm and software for access token protection using request signing with temporary secret
Authors: Bukovetskyi Vasyl , Rizak Vasyl
Published: March 2022

This paper proposes a method for protecting the access tokens in client-server data exchange without saving the state based on the formation of the signature of the request using a temporary secret. The devised method allows one not to transfer access tokens with each request, which would make it possible for the attacker to authenticate as a valid user when compromising the connection, for example, when using a «person in the middle» attack.
Two variants of the method have been proposed and substantiated – simplified and improved, the scope of which depends on the needs for protection and technical capabilities of their implementation. The robustness of both variants is ensured by the practical inability to select the initial input data of the hash function used to form the signature. The improved version also makes it possible to protect access tokens at the stage of receiving them and provides protection against the attack of the recurrence of the request. Initial user authentication protection is achieved by using the Diffie-Hellman protocol to exchange a secret and access token. Using query IDs and time labels prevents the query from being reused.
Advanced security for access tokens is important because having an attacker’s access token gives the attacker full control over the user account. The use of SSL/TLS may not produce the desired level of protection for such important data.
It was established that the use of the proposed method does not add significant time costs. The SHA-256 hash function example shows that the relationship between message size and extra time to send and receive a message is linear. When using the proposed method in the browser, the absolute value of additional time spent for messages from 100 bytes to 2,048 KB ranges from 0.4 ms to 142 ms. Given this, the proposed method could be used without significant impact on the experience of use.
Development of a method for training artificial neural networks for intelligent decision support systems
Authors: Mahdi Qasim Abbood , Shyshatskyi Andrii , Symonenko Oleksandr , Protas Nadiia , Trotsko Oleksandr , Kyvliuk Volodymyr , Shulhin Artem , Steshenko Petro , Ostapchuk Eduard , Holenkovska Tetiana
Published: March 2022

We developed a method of training artificial neural networks for intelligent decision support systems. A distinctive feature of the proposed method consists in training not only the synaptic weights of an artificial neural network, but also the type and parameters of the membership function. In case of impossibility to ensure a given quality of functioning of artificial neural networks by training the parameters of an artificial neural network, the architecture of artificial neural networks is trained. The choice of architecture, type and parameters of the membership function is based on the computing resources of the device and taking into account the type and amount of information coming to the input of the artificial neural network. Another distinctive feature of the developed method is that no preliminary calculation data are required to calculate the input data. The development of the proposed method is due to the need for training artificial neural networks for intelligent decision support systems, in order to process more information, while making unambiguous decisions. According to the results of the study, this training method provides on average 10–18 % higher efficiency of training artificial neural networks and does not accumulate training errors. This method will allow training artificial neural networks by training the parameters and architecture, determining effective measures to improve the efficiency of artificial neural networks. This method will allow reducing the use of computing resources of decision support systems, developing measures to improve the efficiency of training artificial neural networks, increasing the efficiency of information processing in artificial neural networks.
Improvement of the innovative ecosystem at universities
Authors: Gontareva Irina , Litvinov Oleksandr , Hrebennyk Natalia , Nebaba Natalia , Litvinova Viktoriia , Chimshir Anna
Published: March 2022

The world practice has proven that universities can become a source of innovations and the centers of innovative movement. However, there is almost no research into the development of innovative ecosystems of universities under conditions of limited funding and permanent crisis phenomena in the economy. This is a characteristic feature of many countries in the world that are developing or being transformed. The tool for reducing the action of negative factors is to increase the level of organization of innovative ecosystems of universities.
It was found that the consequences of creating an innovative ecosystem of the University are an increase in the degree of commercialization of knowledge of university scientists and students, improvement of human capital, and intensifying cooperation between science, education, business and government agencies in the field of research and innovation. The main actors in the university’s innovation ecosystem were separated and their main functional roles were described. In particular, functional roles include education (innovative and entrepreneurial educational programs), basic science (scientific parks, scientific and research laboratories), applied science (startup accelerators, business incubators, startup clubs), and commercialization (centers for knowledge and technology transfer). The experience of creating separate elements of innovative ecosystems of universities of the world was considered and positive results were given. The essence of the concepts of commercialization of knowledge, technology transfer was studied and basic methodological approaches to the creation of the Center for knowledge and technologies transfer on the university base were explored. The purpose, objectives, directions, and functions of the Center for Knowledge and Technology Transfer were highlighted. It was proposed to focus on working at specific requests at any stage of the development of the idea on the principles of the individual approach of targeted assistance, openness to communications, and support throughout all stages of an innovative project.
Development of pipelined polynomial multiplier modulo irreducible polynomials for cryptosystems
Authors: Tynymbayev Sakhybay , Ibraimov Margulan , Namazbayev Timur , Gnatyuk Sergiy
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we consider a schematic solution of the pipeline multiplier modulo, where multiplication begins with the analysis of the lowest order of the polynomial multiplier, which can serve as an operating unit for high-speed encryption and decryption of data by hardware implementation of cryptosystems based on a non-positional polynomial notation. The functional diagram of the pipeline and the structure of its logical blocks, as well as an example of performing the operation of multiplying polynomials modulo, are given. The correct functioning of the developed circuit was checked by modeling in the Vivado Design Suite computer-aided design for the implementation of the multiplication device on the development/evaluation kit Artix-7 based on the Spartan 6 field-programmable gate array series by Xilinx. The effectiveness of the proposed hardware pipeline multiplier in modulo is confirmed by the Verilog Testbench timing diagram implemented for the evaluation kit Artix-7 field-programmable gate array. In addition, the developed pipelined modulo multiplier takes no more than 0.02 % of the resources of the used field-programmable gate array for a given length of input data. Compared to the matrix multiplication method, a pipelined modulo multiplier can handle a large data stream without waiting for the result of the previous multiplication step. The modulo pipelined multiplier depth depends on the bit width of the input data. The developed pipeline device can be used in digital computing devices operating in a polynomial system of residue classes, as well as for high-speed data encryption in blocks of cipher processors operating on the basis of a non-positional polynomial number system.
Influence of different microwave-assisted drying methods on the physical properties, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of beetroots
Authors: Liu Yan , Sabadash Sergey , Duan Zhenhua , Gao Dan
Published: March 2022

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different microwave-assisted drying methods on the physical properties, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of beetroots. Beetroots were subjected to high-power microwave drying followed by low-power microwave drying (HMD+LMD), high-power microwave drying (HMD), low-power microwave drying (LMD), high-power microwave drying followed by hot air drying (HMD+HAD), hot air drying followed by low-power microwave drying (HAD+LMD), high-power microwave drying followed by vacuum drying (HMD+VD), and vacuum drying followed by low-power microwave drying (VD+LMD). The drying time, moisture content, hardness, color, microstructure, betalains, ascorbic acid, total flavonoids, 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzоthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of beetroots were analyzed. The shortest drying time (67.0 min) was observed in HMD, while VD+LMD required the longest drying time of 308.0 min. There was no significant difference in the moisture content of dried beetroots prepared by different microwave-assisted drying methods. Beetroots dried by HMD+HAD showed the highest hardness of 1332.0 g, VD+LMD led to the most desirable color with the lowest total color change. Porous structures were found in beetroots produced by HMD+LMD, HMD and LMD. Beetroots prepared by VD+LMD displayed the highest content of betacyanin, betaxanthin and total flavonoids. While beetroots dried by HMD illustrated the highest ascorbic acid content of 272.3 mg/100 g dry weight (DW). In terms of antioxidant activity, the highest FRAP value of beetroots obtained using VD+LMD was 14.95 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/g DW. Meanwhile, beetroots dried by VD+LMD exhibited the largest ABTS radical scavenging activity (16.92 mg TE/g DW). Compared to other microwave-assisted drying methods, VD+LMD is a more promising method for drying beetroots.
Design of control system for the gas engine with an electronic control unit and sequential fuel injection
Authors: Kovalov Serhii , Plys Serhii
Published: March 2022

This paper reports the results of studying the electronic control system designed for a gas internal combustion engine with spark ignition operated on liquefied petroleum gas. A new feature in the control system is the possibility to provide the most effective sequential type of gas fuel injection, in which fuel is injected in a sequence corresponding to the order of operation of the cylinders. The special feature of the designed control system is that a movable voltage distributor (ignition distributor) of the ignition system was modified to ensure sequential injection. The ignition distributor modification involves installing an additional setting disc with one integrated permanent magnet on its drive shaft and an additional Hall sensor on the body of the ignition distributor. This makes it possible to ensure that the electronic control unit receives a signal about the angular position of the camshaft, thereby enabling consistent fuel injection. The principle of operation of the gas engine control system provided by the electronic control unit has been described. The structure of the modified ignition distributor is shown. Tests of the gas engine with a new control system involving the designed electronic control unit Avenir Gaz 37 "B" and the software module "B2" were carried out. The tests confirmed the feasibility of the designed electronic control system, which implies consistent injection of gas fuel. In addition, idling tests have shown that the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon content in exhaust engine gases is significantly lower than the maximum allowable for motors without catalysts. The control system designed could be used for converting the diesel vehicles in operation into gas engines. The use of this control system ensures their safe operation.
Devising a procedure to determine the level of informational space security in social networks considering interrelations among users
Authors: Akhramovych Volodymyr , Shuklin German , Pepa Yuriy , Muzhanova Tetiana , Zozulia Serhii
Published: March 2022

+
Linear and dynamic models of the system of information security in social networks, taking into consideration the relationships between users, were studied and the resistance of the security system was analyzed.
There is a practical interest in studying dependence of the behavior of the system of social network security on the parameters of users’ interaction. Dynamic systems of information security in social networks in the mathematical sense of this term were considered. A dynamic system refers to any object or process, for which the concept of state as a totality of certain magnitudes at a given time is unambiguously defined and the law that describes a change (evolution) of the initial state over time was assigned.
The network of social interactions consists of a totality of social users and a totality of the relations between them. Individuals, social groups, organizations, cities, countries can act as users. Relations imply not only communication interactions between users but also relations of the exchange of various resources and activities, including conflict relations.
As a result of research, it was found that the security systems of a social network are nonlinear. Theoretical study of the dynamic behavior of an actual object requires the creation of its mathematical model. The procedure for developing a model is to compile mathematical equations based on physical laws. These laws are stated in the language of differential equations.
Phase portraits of the data security system in the MATLAB/Multisim program, which indicate the stability of a security system in the working range of parameters even at the maximum value of the impacts, were determined.
Thus, the influence of users’ interaction parameters on the parameters of the system of social network security was explored. Such study is useful and important in terms of information security in the network, since the parameters of users’ interaction significantly affect, up to 100 %, the security indicator.
Researching global digital e-marketing trends
Authors: Al-Ababneh Hassan Ali
Published: March 2022

The main goal of the study is to identify global digital e-marketing trends in the world. The paper discusses the main aspects of the functioning of companies on the basis of the formation of the classical concept of marketing. The main constituent elements of the classical marketing concept, its advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. Based on the structuring of the main theoretical aspects of marketing development, the evolution of marketing concepts with historical aspects and their characteristics has been formed. The necessity of rethinking the existing business models of companies, which should be based on innovative e-marketing tools, is argued. The main ways and types of transformation of the classical concept of marketing in modern business conditions are highlighted. It has been shown that constant modernization, optimization and improvement of the efficiency of business processes are ensured through the implementation of key elements of e-marketing. Based on a critical analysis and generalization of existing approaches in organizing marketing activities, it is substantiated that ensuring the competitive position of a company on a world level is impossible without the use of e-marketing. The global trends of digitalization of e-marketing in the world were considered and identified. The presented goal is achieved by using the tools of economic and statistical analysis of modern trends in the development of e-marketing and a theoretical and methodological approach to identifying and structuring the main development trends, their directions, and main types. The obtained results of economic and statistical forecasting can be applied in practice in the formation of a company's marketing strategy, taking into account modern trends in the development of innovations.
Elaboration of recommendations on the development of the state internal audit system when applying the digital technologies
Authors: Korol Volodymyr , Dmytryk Olga , Karpenko Oleksandr , Riadinska Valeriia , Basiuk Oleksandr , Kobylnik Dmytro , Moroz Volodymyr , Safronova Olha , Alisov Eugene , Mishchenko Tetyana
Published: March 2022

Recommendations for the development of a state internal audit system in conditions of using digital technologies have been elaborated. It was established that the procedures of conducting state internal audits change under influence of digitization. Conformity of the stages of audit digitization and the applied digital technologies was established. Foreign experience in the digitization of the state internal audit was analyzed. It was also established that the active application of artificial intelligence technologies may be one of the probable scenarios of the development of the state internal audit system in foreign countries in the near future. Types of digital technologies were systematized depending on the field of state internal audit. It was found that the maximum effect from the use of digital technologies in the field of audit will take place in the case of their synergistic combination. Coordinated interaction between constituent elements of the state internal audit has been established. This has made it possible to present the process of development of the state internal audit system in conditions of digitization and determine its main objective: ensure greater transparency and efficiency of accounting for tangible assets by means of new digital technologies. Taking into account the above, a mechanism of development of the system of state internal audit in conditions of use of digital technologies was offered. It is based on corresponding directions and measures. It was established that to assess the efficiency of development of the state internal audit system in conditions of application of digital technologies, it is advisable to use the indicators reflecting overall results of measures taken in state financial control. The application of the proposed mechanism will make it possible to establish the effect of digital technologies on the development of the state internal audit.
Development of text extraction technique using optical character recognition and morphological reconstruction to eliminate artifacts of image’s background
Authors: Jwaid Wasan M
Published: March 2022

Text recognition of images is beneficial in a wide range of computer vision purposes such as robot navigation, document analysis, and image search. The optical character recognition (OCR) technique presents a simple tool to combine text recognition functionality to many industrial and educational applications. Best OCR results can be acquired when the background of the text image is uniform and appears as a document picture. In contrast, the challenges to recognizing accurate texts occur when the image has a non-uniform background that require further preprocessing to obtain acceptable OCR result. This work discusses three scenarios. Initially, this work will test the OCR on a normal business card as an image with a uniform background. Next, discusses the text recognition of a keypad image including digits with a non-uniform background. Here, there are two preprocessing algorithms used to enhance the OCR function to overcome the negative effect of the non-uniform background of images and to detect text with high accuracy. Finally, the developed OCR method is tested on different scanned bills and discusses the variation of the obtained results. The two algorithms are the morphological reconstruction to eliminate artifacts and create cleaner images to be further processed by OCR and the Region of Interest ROI-based OCR to spot explicit regions in a tested image. Verification for the effectiveness of the Morphological-based OCR over the ROI-based method has been conducted on a dataset of scanned electricity bills images with an accuracy of 98.2 % for Morphological-based while it is only about 89.3 % for ROI-based OCR.
The development of Firefly algorithm with fuzzy logic integration for priority search simulation of flood evacuation routes
Authors: Chandrawati T. Brenda , Ratna Anak Agung Putri , Sari Riri Fitri
Published: March 2022

Heavy rain in a particular area can cause flooding in both the primary area and the surrounding area. A flood is an event where water is inundated in an area due to increased water volume. Due to high level of water and other hazards arising from flooding, flood victims need to move to a location prepared for evacuation. To get to that location prepared, the victims must get through a safe route. Searching for safe evacuation routes is important to save flood victims and bring them to the evacuation centre safely. Search for evacuation routes related to obstacles on the road to get through. Slippery roads, high puddles of water on the roads, rivers that are located close to the roads that flood victims will have to get through, drainage of waterways and the vulnerability of victims are taken into consideration in choosing a route to get to the evacuation location. There are several problems in choosing a safe route: (1) how to take into account the obstacles on the road to be passed (2) how to choose the priority of the route to be passed with the obstacles encountered. The proposed solution to deal with the problems encountered are (1) to take into account road obstacles by giving the obstacle weights. Fuzzy logic is used to calculate the value of obstacle weights (2) the problem of selecting route priorities will be solved using the firefly algorithm. The firefly algorithm is an algorithm inspired by the social life of fireflies. The priority route for evacuation of flood victims is sought using the method proposed in this study which is the optimal route. The optimal route referred to in this study is the route that has the smallest obstacle weight value. The simulation results show that the fuzzy logic integrated into the firefly algorithm (FuFA) provides a safe route priority, indicated by the smallest obstacle weight value.
Modeling of thermal distributions by analyzing the heat tolerance of a robotic gripper pivot exposed to heated electronics
Authors: Majdi Hasan Shakir , Abdullah Atheer Raheem , Hadi Auday Shaker , Habeeb Laith Jaafer
Published: March 2022

There are several applications in the aerospace, automotive and energy industries, for example, that often require high fidelity modeling or problems involving structural mechanics, heat transfer, or electromagnetic. Finite element analysis (FEA) is a popular method for solving the underlying partial differential equations (PDE) for these problems. 3D finite element analysis or 3D-FEA accurately captures the physics of these problems. The relevance of this study is to show how to set up finite element analysis (FEA) simulations and leverage the model of the environment to solve problems typically encountered by engineers and scientists in a variety of fields such as aerospace, automotive and energy. This study analyzes the behavior of mechanical components under different physical effects and shows a thermal analysis of a commercial KUKA YouBot robotic arm component by finding temperature distributions, figures, code, and test results for multiple materials. The developed model allows understanding and assessing the responsive component under loading, vibration or heat and determining deformation stresses among many things to select the best material and even prevent failure or undesired resonance as an example. These systems are typically modeled using partial differential equations or PDEs that capture the underlying physics of the problem and FEA is just one of the most common methodologies to solve this type of equation. The linear regression model can be a good predictive model that represents the relationship between thermal conductivity and max temperature to avoid undesired performance of the robotic arm.
Development of an integrated approach to assessing the impact of innovative development on the level of financial security of households
Authors: Poltorak Anastasiia , Khrystenko Olha , Sukhorukova Anna , Moroz Tetiana , Sharin Oleksandr
Published: March 2022

This paper reports a comprehensive approach devised to assess the impact of innovative development on the level of financial security of households. The study considers the peculiarities of the interpretation of the concepts of "household" and "innovation" and identifies the main factors influencing the financial security of households. The indicators characterizing the state of financial security of households and innovative development were analyzed in dynamics.
The study's result produced a SWOT analysis that ensures the financial security of households. Among the strengths are the high economic potential of the country, the process of reforming state systems, the transition to complete digitalization (digitalization), and the presence of highly educated specialists. It was clarified that the factors that have the greatest negative impact are the low level of investment attractiveness, corruption component, the impact of the global economic crisis, and the high level of shadowing of the economy.
The method of correlation-regression analysis was used to prove the hypothesis put forward regarding the existence of a connection between the indicators characterizing innovative development and the level of financial security of households. The adequacy of the developed model has been confirmed on the basis of the Fisher's F-criterion. The existence of a strong relationship between independent and dependent variables (multiple correlation coefficient R=0.9875) was mathematically confirmed, which proves the expediency of stimulating innovative development to strengthen financial security. It was established that with an increase in both independent variables at the same time by 1 % (the cost of scientific research, the total amount of expenditures in the areas of innovative activity of industrial enterprises), the volume of GDP per capita (an indicator of the state of financial security of households) increases by 1.75 %.
Segmentation of aerospace images by a non-standard approach using informative textural features
Authors: Yerzhanova Akbota , Abdikerimova Gulzira , Alimova Zhanar , Slanbekova Assylzat , Tungatarova Aigul , Muratkhan Raikhan , Borankulova Gaukhar , Zhunussova Gulzat
Published: March 2022

The article presents an analysis of a non-standard approach to the segmentation of textural areas in aerospace images. The question of the applicability of sets of textural features for the analysis of experimental data is being investigated to identify characteristic areas on aerospace images that in the future it will be possible to identify types of crops, weeds, diseases, and pests. The selection of suitable algorithms was carried out and appropriate software tools were created on Matlab 2021a and in the software package for statistical analysis Statistica 12.
The main way to extract information is to decrypt images, which are the main carrier of information about the underlying surface. The main tasks of texture area analysis include selection and formation of features describing textural differences; selection and segmentation of textural areas; classification of textural areas; identification of an object by texture.
To solve the tasks, spectral brightness coefficient (SBC), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), textural features of various crops and weeds. Much attention will be paid to the development of software tools that allow the selection of features describing textural differences for the segmentation of textural areas into subdomains. That is the question of the applicability of sets of textural features and other parameters for the analysis of experimental data to identify types of soils and soils, vegetation types, humidity, crop damage in aerospace images will be resolved.
This approach is universal and has great potential for identifying objects using image clustering. To identify the boundaries of areas with different properties of the image under study, images of the same surface area taken at different times are considered.
Study on the effect of baking process on the quality characteristics, moisture distribution and sensory evaluation of bran, duck and pork emulsification sausage
Authors: Shang Feifei , Kryzhska Tetyana , Duan Zhenhua
Published: March 2022

Poultry sausage is a low-fat, protein-friendly product, and the research on poultry sausage has gradually become a hot field of meat product research. The baking process can promote the decomposition of protein and fat, and the Maillard reaction occurs, thereby increasing the color of the sausage and improving the flavor of the sausage. Baking time affects cooking loss, color, pH, TPA, moisture distribution and sensory evaluation results of cooked sausage products, therefore, the baking process is very important. In this study, four baking treatment experiments of 40, 60, 80 and 100 min were set up, the baking temperature was 60 °С.
The 60min treatment group had the smallest brightness value L, the highest redness value a, and the best color. The water content of the 40 min treatment group was the highest, followed by the 80 min treatment group, and the pH value of the other 80 min treatment group was also the lowest. In terms of TPA and water distribution, the hardness value of the 60 min treatment group was the highest, and the relaxation times (T2) corresponding to hydrated water, fixed water and free water were 0.1‑9.3 ms, 10‑91 ms, and 175‑900 ms, respectively, and the 80 min treatment group The group with the most semi-bound water worked best. In terms of sensory evaluation, the color, flavor, texture, and overall acceptability of the 60‑80 min treatment groups were not significantly different. The best evaluation result was the 100 min treatment group, followed by the 60 and 80 treatment groups. Based on the above research results of sausage quality, the optimal baking time of sausage in this study is 60‑80 min. This research can provide product quality data and technical support for the development of duck and pork compound sausages.
Improving of the decision-making model in the processes of external quality assurance of higher education
Authors: Fesenko Tetiana , Ruban Igor , Karpenko Kateryna , Fesenko Galyna , Kovalenko Andriy , Yakunin Anatolii , Fesenko Hryhorii
Published: March 2022

The peculiarities of external quality assurance processes in the higher education management system are considered. It is noted that the quality of educational programs (EP) of higher education institutions is controlled by quality assurance agencies (QAAs) using an accreditation system. The key features of the accreditation process in terms of peer review are identified. The problem of accreditation process management, namely the subjectivity and lack of consistency of expert decisions, is highlighted.
The correlation method was applied to determine the interdependencies in expert assessments (competence, meaningful orientation of judgments, and perception of the linguistic rating scale). The identified types of variables make it possible to explain the existing measure of subjectivity that affects the collective conclusion of experts.
A comprehensive methodology for quantitative evaluation of the EP quality under conditions of uncertainty based on the relative importance of the relevant criteria and subcriteria, as well as the levels of expert competence using the apparatus of fuzzy mathematics, is proposed. A basic model for the formation of a collegial expert opinion on the EP quality has been developed using the example of a system of quality criteria approved by the Ukrainian QAA. Variations in the expert values of the weight coefficients and parameters of fuzzy numbers in the context of the linguistic rating scale (“A – B – E – F”) made it possible to use the means of a computational experiment. The application of this model will allow managers to positively influence the existing ambiguity of the assessment method, which requires being guided by standard criteria and at the same time determining the EP innovativeness. In general, the application of the proposed evaluation tools on the quality of EP allows experts and managers to make decisions at a higher level of academic and managerial culture.
Improving the damping of vehicle vibration by improving pneumatic springs
Authors: Masliyev Vyacheslav , Dushchenko Vladislav , Yepifanov Vitalii , Nanivskyi Roman , Cherevko Yurii , Masliev Anton , Demydov Alexander , Makarenko Yurii
Published: March 2022

It is known that the air suspension of vehicles, in which diaphragm-type air springs are used as an elastic element, do not provide the necessary vibration damping. The reason for this is that such air springs have a relatively large passive part. As a result, a relatively small mass of compressed air crosses through the throttle installed between the air spring and the additional reservoir. This mass of air contains thermal energy, into which the energy of vibrations, which enters through the walls of the additional reservoir into the environment, has turned. This is interpreted as vibration damping, which is insufficient due to the low air mass.
Therefore, hydraulic vibration dampers are installed parallel to the diaphragm air springs, which complicates and increases the cost of the vehicle. Increasing the damping properties of such air suspensions could eliminate these hydraulic vibration dampers, which would reduce costs and simplify operation.
An air suspension with an improved air spring has been proposed, which has an increased effective area and a reduced "passive" capacity, an empirical formula has been built to determine its damping coefficient, as well as an expression for the stiffness coefficient. Mathematical modeling of oscillations of vehicles with different designs of pneumatic springs was carried out in order to improve their damping. The mathematical model takes into account the change in the parameters of the air spring during vibrations. The study was carried out for the diesel train DL-02. Using mathematical modeling, the effectiveness of the air suspension with an improved air spring has been proven: its damping index reaches 0.263, and the vibration damping coefficient is 45,859 kg/s, which corresponds to the values ​​​​recommended for vehicles.
Predictor properties of indicators of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in children with gastroesophageal reflux for prediction of the development of heart rhythm and conduction disorders
Authors: Herasymova Oksana , Apanasenko Oksana
Published: March 2022

The aim: to improve the early diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmia and conduction disorders in children with gastroesophageal reflux by studying the predictor properties of indicators of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in this category of patients.

Materials and methods. We examined 56 children aged 8 to 18 years, with an average age of 14.93±2.62 years, of which 28 children with gastroesophageal reflux in combination with cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disorders were divided into group I, and 28 children with only gastroesophageal reflux without heart rhythm and conduction disturbances – into group II (control). All examined patients underwent clinical and instrumental studies (electrocardiography, 24-hour ECG Holter monitoring, esophagogastroduodenoscopy and PH-metry) and an assessment of the phenotypic signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia according to the criteria of T. Milkovskaya-Dimitrova and A. Karkashov.

Results. When analyzing the predictor properties of indicators of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia for predicting the development of cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disorders in children with gastroesophageal reflux, it was found that scoliotic posture had very high predictor properties (I=5.99), а high growth (I=1.94) and a short upper lip (I=1.17) – high, dysplastic tooth growth (I=0 .6) – moderate, and an abnormal shape of the auricles – low ones (I=0.27).

Other indicators of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia did not have predictive properties at all: joint hypermobility (I=0.22), total number of signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (I=0.11), asthenic type of constitution (I=0.11), flat feet (I=0.08), refractive errors (I=0.05), deviated septum of nose (I=0.03), dilated bridge of the nose (I=0.01), short neck (I=0.01).

The mean value of the prognostic significance of indicators of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia was high (І̅=1,99).

Conclusions. It was found that the mean value of the prognostic significance of indicators of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia was high (І̅=1,99).

It was determined that arrhythmias and cardiac conduction disturbances in children with gastroesophageal reflux are associated with the presence of a scoliotic posture (І=5,99), high growth (І=1,94), dysplastic growth of teeth (І=0,6); in the absence of a short upper lip (І=1,17) and an abnormal shape of the auricles (І=0,27)
A theoretically proposed algorithm in a decision tree format for choosing an efficient storage type of large datasets
Authors: Materynska Sofiia , Yaremenko Vadym , Rogoza Walery
Published: March 2022

The object of research is methods and approaches to improve storage efficiency and optimize access to large amounts of data. The importance of this study consists in the wide dissemination of big data and the need for the right selection of technologies that will help improve the efficiency of big data processing systems. The complexity of the choice is caused by the large number of different data storages and databases that are available now, so the best decision requires a deep understanding of the advantages, disadvantages and features of each. And the difficulty lies in the lack of a universal algorithm for deciding on the optimal repository. Accordingly, based on the experiments, analysis of existing projects and research papers, a decision-making algorithm was proposed that determines the best way to store large datasets, depending on their characteristics and additional system requirements. This is necessary to simplify the design of the system in the early stages of big data processing projects. Thus, by highlighting the key differences, as well as the disadvantages and advantages of each type of storage and database, a list of key characteristics of the data and the future system, which should be considered when designing.
This algorithm is a theoretical proposal based on the studied research papers. Accordingly, using this algorithm at the design stage of the system, it would be possible to quickly and clearly determine the optimal type of storage of large datasets. The paper considers column-oriented, document-oriented, graph and key-value types of databases, as well as distributed file systems and cloud services.
Development of a method for assessing the quality of project management processes based on the entropy approach
Authors: Obronova Alesia
Published: March 2022

The object of this research is to assess the quality of project management processes. The conducted research is aimed at developing a method for assessing the quality of project management processes in accordance with modern requirements for management and its results. The study is based on the entropy concept of management, and entropy is considered as an integral indicator for assessing the quality of management processes, characterizing the «controllability» of the project and «confidence» in certain results of the project.
It is proposed to use information entropy as an indicator of management quality, which is understood as the ability to assess and minimize, through preventive or adaptive measures, uncertainty or negative impact from outside and inside on the project, that is, to ensure the success of the project.
The main factors influencing the level of entropy of the project are determined. It is substantiated that the role of management is to counteract entropy and create such conditions for the implementation of the project, under which its level tends to be acceptable. Only under this condition can the quality of management be defined as «high level» or «sufficiently high level». A scale for assessing the entropy level of a project is proposed, which is substantiated by experimental studies of the entropy level of various projects.
The concept of «entropy index» of the project is introduced into consideration, as a relative indicator of the level of entropy of the project. The proposed approach is illustrated on the example of a specific project, which substantiated the adequacy of the results of applying the approach to the logic and experience of project implementation, and also demonstrated the practical applicability of the approach for assessing the level of project entropy and management quality.
The results obtained make it possible to assess the quality of management processes at each stage of the project life cycle in order to identify problems early; and also form a theoretical basis for the further development of tools to ensure and improve the quality of project management processes.
Control and regulation of the density of technical fluids during their transportation by sea specialized vessels
Authors: Maryanov Denys
Published: March 2022

The object of research is the process of transporting drilling slurry through specialized marine vessels of the Platform Supply Vessels class. The subject of research is the sedimentation stability of the drilling slurry along the height of the cargo tank, which is proposed to be defined as a relative change in vertical density near the surface and bottom of the cargo tank. The studies were carried out on a specialized sea vessel with a displacement of 7320 tons. The design of the vessel provided for the reception and transportation of drilling slurry in four cargo tanks located on the port and starboard sides of the vessel.
It has been experimentally established that during the 48-hour transportation, the density of the drilling slurry in the bottom part increases to 19.7 %; decrease in density on the surface – up to 7.8 %; decrease in the sedimentation resistance of the drilling slurry along the depth of the cargo tank – up to 29.85 %. A variant of modernization of the drilling slurry transportation system by installing additional circulation pumps providing forced circulation of the drilling slurry between cargo tanks is proposed. By using programmable microcontrollers (performing turning on/off the circulation pumps), it is possible to provide the following conditions for transporting the drilling fluid: an increase in the density of the drilling fluid in the bottom part up to 0.3 %; decrease in density on the surface – up to 0.25 %; decrease in the sedimentation resistance of the drilling slurry along the depth of the cargo tank – up to 8.01 %. It has been experimentally established that the creation of additional circulation and automatic support of the sedimentation resistance of the drilling fluid in the range of 2–7 % contributes to:
– increasing the relative performance of cargo pumps from 38–55 % to 92–96 %;
– reducing the time of pumping drilling slurry from cargo tanks to the drilling platform from 7.1 to 3.2 hours;
– maintaining the technical condition of equipment, pipelines and elements of the drilling slurry transportation and pumping system.