bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyperglycemia Post-Influenza Vaccine in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Hulsizer Abigail L. , Witte Amy P. , Attridge Rebecca L. , Urteaga Elizabeth M.
Published: June 2022

Background

There are more than 350 reports of hyperglycemia post-influenza vaccine according to the Vaccine Adverse Effect Reporting System. Only one case report has been published detailing unusual post-vaccination hyperglycemia. The mechanism as to why hyperglycemia may occur post-vaccination has not been fully elucidated.

Objective

Primary: To identify hyperglycemia within the first 24 hours of influenza vaccine. Secondary: To identify transient property of hyperglycemia within 4 days after vaccine.

Methods

Multicenter prospective cohort study. Recruitment conducted throughout San Antonio, Texas, during 2018-2020 influenza seasons. Patients were included if 18 years or older, had diabetes mellitus, and currently checking their blood glucose daily. Patients excluded if they had a recent medication change that would effect their blood glucose readings. Patients had hemoglobin A1c and blood glucose measured prior to vaccination with a single dose (0.5 mL) of the tri-valent influenza vaccine intramuscularly. Glucose readings were collected within 24 hours post-vaccination and subsequent mornings for 4 days.

Results

A total of 34 patients were included. Average patient age was 75 years with 60% white, 30% black, and 10% Hispanic. Median fasting glucose pre-vaccination was significantly lower than the median value 0 to 24 hours post-vaccination (140 vs 203 mg/dL, P < 0.0001).

Conclusion and Relevance

Hyperglycemia was noted 0 to 24 hours post-vaccination and was transient in nature with a return to baseline by post-vaccination day 2. This trial was conducted to close a potential gap in counseling regarding the flu vaccine and decrease any potential concern surrounding the vaccine in patients with diabetes that could lead to reduced vaccination rates.
Meningeal Rosai-Dorfman Disease Presenting as an Intracranial Mass – Report of a Case with Review of the Literature
Authors: Pattnaik Niharika , Parmar Rajni , Nayak Biswaranjan , Sampat Nakul Y. , Jha Shilpy , Jena Manas R. , Barik Lalit M. , Mishra Sourav K. , Munjal Gauri , Chottaraji Anirudha , Mohanty Sambit K.
Published: June 2022

Meningeal Rosai-Dorfman disease, a type of sporadic Rosai-Dorfman disease, is a rare occurrence. A few cases are reported in the English literature with an adequate immunohistochemical workup. This entity clinically and radiologically mimics either a meningeal or a parenchymal neoplasm with meningeal extension, warranting a thorough histopathologic evaluation. A broad histologic differential necessitates a detailed immunohistochemical characterization to render a correct diagnosis that has significant therapeutic and prognostic implications. Herein, we report a case of isolated meningeal Rosai-Dorfman disease in a 50-years-old human immunodeficiency virus-positive male patient with an emphasis on the histopathology, immunoprofile, and differential diagnoses.
Radiofrequency Plantar Fascia Coblation With and Without Gastrocnemius Recession in the Management of Recalcitrant Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Koh Don Thong Siang , Yeo William , Koo Kevin Oon Thien , Singh Inderjeet Rikhraj , Yeo Nicholas Eng Meng
Published: June 2022

Background:

Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of plantar heel pain. Although most are self-limiting, recalcitrant conditions can be debilitating, significantly reducing patient’s quality of life. A myriad of surgical procedures are available for the treatment of recalcitrant plantar fasciitis (RPF) with little consensus on best practice. This purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of radiofrequency coblation with and without gastrocnemius release on the surgical management of RPF.

Methods:

Between June 2013 and June 2019, a total of 128 patients with RPF and tight gastrocnemius were treated surgically. Presence of tight gastrocnemius was assessed clinically by a positive Silfverskiold test. Group A (n = 73) consisted of patients who underwent radiofrequency coblation alone; group B (n = 55) consisted of patients who underwent radiofrequency coblation and endoscopic gastrocnemius recession. The primary outcome measure was visual analog scale (VAS) score. Secondary outcome measures included (1) American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot score; (2) physical (PCS) and mental component summaries (MCS) of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey; (3) overall assessment of improvement, expectation fulfilment, and satisfaction; and (4) complication rates.

Results:

Both groups reported significant improvement in VAS, AOFAS, and PCS scores postoperatively at 6 and 24 months. Group B (radiofrequency coblation with gastrocnemius recession) was associated with better VAS at both 6 months (3.0 ± 2.9 vs 1.7 ± 2.6, P < .05) and 24 months postoperatively (1.9 ± 3.1 vs 0.8 ± 2.0, P < .05) compared with group A (radiofrequency coblation without gastrocnemius recession). At 24 months postoperatively, no differences were found in AOFAS, PCS, MCS scores, expectation fulfilment, or overall satisfaction. No wound complications were reported in either group. One patient (group B) has persistent symptoms consistent with tarsal tunnel syndrome.

Conclusion:

In this retrospective cohort comparative study, treatment of RPF with radiofrequency coblation alone was associated with slightly inferior results than radiofrequency coblation combined with endoscopic gastrocnemius recession in terms of pain relief without an increase in complication rates. However, at 2 years, we did not find a significant difference in other measures of outcome.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Life threatening hepatotoxicity induced by Nilotinib
Authors: Khelifa Latifa , Ben Amor Imen , Kassar Olfa , Mdhaffer Moez , Hdiji Sondes , Elloumi Moez
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor had changed the prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and the overall survival had reached 95%. Unfortunately, adverse events (AEs) remain an obstacle to following successful treatment in CML impairing the quality of life and sometimes endangering the lives of patients. To this end, we show this clinical case to discuss strategies to deal with rare AEs in a way to preserve the patient's life and to maintain not only a good response to treatment but also confidence and compliance of the patient.

Case report

We report the case of a 57-year-old woman diagnosed with CML at the chronic phase who developed rare life-threatening hepatotoxicity (major cytolysis and prothrombin time fall) secondary to Nilotinib used as second-line treatment. This complication settled despite an optimal molecular response.

Management and outcome

We discuss below the follow-up and management in our center and according to the literature with more sophisticated pharmacological methods.

Discussion

Although we used to monitor disease molecular response to treatment, we need solutions and manuscripts for monitoring drug dose parameters to avoid unusual dangerous effects risking the patient life. We conclude that monitoring the disease as well as the treatment pharmacokinetics is mandatory to better carry on CML patients.
Repeated-Dose Toxicity, Biodistribution, and Shedding Assessments With a ChAd155 Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Candidate Evaluated in Rabbits and Rats
Authors: Stokes Alan H. , Planty Camille , Pion Johanne , Ancian Philippe , Rogue Alexandra , Bansard Carine , Silvano Jérémy , Papineau Dominique , Ben Abdeljelil Nawel , Maruggi Giulietta , Song Haifeng , Spickler Catherine , Blouin Karine , Dubois Guillaume , Rodriguez Luis-Alexander , Baumeister Judith , Steff Ann-Muriel , Destexhe Eric
Published: June 2022

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in infants, and toddlers and vaccines are not yet available. A pediatric RSV vaccine (ChAd155-RSV) is being developed to protect infants against RSV disease. The ChAd155-RSV vaccine consists of a recombinant replication-deficient chimpanzee-derived adenovirus (ChAd) group C vector engineered to express the RSV antigens F, N, and M2-1. The local and systemic effects of three bi-weekly intramuscular injections of the ChAd155-RSV vaccine was tested in a repeated-dose toxicity study in rabbits. After three intramuscular doses, the ChAd155-RSV vaccine was considered well-tolerated. Changes due to the vaccine-elicited inflammatory reaction/immune response were observed along with transient decreases in platelet count without physiological consequences, already reported for other adenovirus-based vaccines. In addition, the biodistribution and shedding of ChAd155-RSV were also characterized in two studies in rats. The distribution and persistence of the ChAd155-RSV vaccine candidate was consistent with other similar adenovector-based vaccines, with quantifiable levels of ChAd155-RSV observed at the injection site (muscle) and the draining lymph nodes up to 69 days post administration. The shedding results demonstrated that ChAd155-RSV was generally not detectable in any secretions or excreta samples. In conclusion, the ChAd155-RSV vaccine was well-tolerated locally and systemically.
Effect of face mask on topographic corneal parameters in healthy individuals
Authors: Burgos-Blasco Barbara , Oribio-Quinto Carlos , Vidal-Villegas Beatriz , Ariño-Gutierrez Mayte , Benítez-del-Castillo Jose M. , Arriola-Villalobos Pedro
Published: June 2022

Purpose

To evaluate whether the use of masks has an effect on the measurement of corneal topographic parameters.

Methods

A study including healthy patients with no previous ocular diseases or surgeries was conducted. Corneal topography was evaluated with an elevation topography Pentacam Scheimpflug. Four measurements were taken: two measurements with face mask and another two measurements after 10 min without wearing the face mask. The following parameters were evaluated: anterior topographic flat meridian (K1), anterior topographic steepest meridian (K2), mean keratometry (Km) and maximum keratometric point (Kmax).

Results

Thirty-five eyes of thirty-five healthy individuals were included; with a mean age of 33.5 ± 13.8 years (range 24–66) and 26 (74%) being female. Mean time with face-mask was 3.8 ± 2.2 h (range 1–8). No differences in mean K1, K2, Km and Kmax with and without face-mask were noted (paired t-test, all, p > 0.05). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were excellent for all four analyzed parameters (ICC > 0.914), although they were lower when measurements with face-mask were considered.

Conclusions

Although tear film alterations with the use of face-mask have been described in the literature, no significant differences can be noted in topographic variables.
Becoming Muslim: Converting old and new practices through ‘turning away’
Authors: Midden Eva
Published: June 2022

This article focuses on the relationship between religion/secularism and national identity through the experiences of converts to Islam. These men and women occupy a controversial position in society: they are often born and raised in Europe and have chosen for a religion that is generally associated with ‘foreignness’. In this context, converts are often represented in terms of loss, especially in relation to gender relations. In other words, their conversion to Islam is often read as a turning away from modernity or Western lifestyles, rather than a conscious choice for something new, such as spiritual fulfilment. Coulthard and Simpson however, interpret ‘ turning away’ in relation to the politics of recognition and decolonization. This understanding makes it possible to read conversion as an active choice for self-determination. Turning away then becomes a refusal to engage in the hegemonic recognition game of being situated and managed and to be politically consumed by the overarching system. The article will investigate how Dutch converts to Islam negotiate the different aspects of their identities and the boundaries connected to those through a politics of refusal. I will argue that by following Coulthard and Simpson, we can understand converts ‘ turning away’– in an alternative, less negative way. They ‘ turn away’, as Fanon argues, to find freedom on their own terms and in accordance with their own values.
Retinal layer thinning as a biomarker of long-term disability progression in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Berek Klaus , Hegen Harald , Hocher Jakob , Auer Michael , Di Pauli Franziska , Krajnc Nik , Angermann Reinhard , Barket Robert , Zinganell Anne , Riedl Katharina , Deisenhammer Florian , Berger Thomas , Bsteh Gabriel
Published: June 2022

Background:

Peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer and macular ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer thinning are markers of neuroaxonal degeneration in multiple sclerosis.

Objective:

We aimed to investigate the value of peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer thinning for prediction of long-term disability.

Methods:

This is a 6-year prospective longitudinal study on 93 multiple sclerosis patients. Optical coherence tomography scans were performed at baseline, after 1, 2 and 6 years. Primary endpoint was disability progression after 6 years, defined as expanded disability status scale worsening and/or cognitive deterioration. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to investigate the value of peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer to predict the primary endpoint.

Results:

A total of 57 (61.3%) patients had disability worsening, 40 (43.0%) expanded disability status scale worsening and 34 (36.6%) cognitive deterioration. Mean peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer baseline thickness were 93.0 and 75.2 µm, and mean annualised peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer thinning rates over 6 years were 1.3 and 1.6 µm, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed lower peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer baseline thickness and higher annualised thinning rates in patients with disability progression after 6 years. Effects were more pronounced for ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer and expanded disability status scale worsening than for peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer models and cognitive deterioration.

Conclusion:

Ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer measurements depict neurodegeneration and predict disability progression in multiple sclerosis.
Reproduction of seismic responses of wind turbine tower by hybrid tests considering shear and bending coupled boundary control
Authors: Tian Yingpeng , Wang Tao , Zhou Huimeng
Published: June 2022

The dynamic responses of wind turbine towers subjected to earthquakes and winds are very complex and might cause significant damages. However, the reproduction of the dynamic response in a laboratory is not easy because the specimen shall be scaled very small to meet the space limits of wind tunnels and shaking tables. Real-time hybrid testing (RTHT) is an appealing option to solve this difficulty, which takes part of a structure as the specimen, while treats the rest numerically so that large scale specimen could be used. However, the application of RTHT to a wind turbine tower requires more complex boundary coordination to reproduce the coupled shear and bending behavior. This paper proposes a shaking-table substructure testing framework, where the lower part of the tower is fixed on the shaking table at the bottom and the top of the specimen is simultaneously loaded by a two-degree-of-freedom loading device. The loading facilities communicate in real time with the numerical substructure, and the superstructure including the wind turbine and blades is numerically simulated under the external excitations. Displacements and forces at the boundary are transferred between the numerical and physical substructures to realize boundary compatibility and equilibrium. A novel boundary loading device controls two masses to realize bending and shear equilibrium at the same boundary surface. Enhanced three-variable control is proposed to improve the performance of boundary coordination and the error-response negative feedback compensation method is proposed to reduce error transmission in RTHT, as demonstrated and introduced in a series of simulations and conceptual study.
Numerical study of lubricant oil drop induced pre-ignition in engines
Authors: Ullal Ankith , Ra Youngchul
Published: June 2022

Pre-ignition in engines has been the subject of current research with the advent of boosted engines for reduced fuel consumption and emissions. Lube-oil-drop-induced pre-ignition was observed in large natural gas engines which find application in the marine industry. In order to understand the mechanism of pre-ignition in the present study, a computational simulation of pre-ignition by lube-oil drops was performed for a production natural gas marine engine. The engine grid was generated using ICEM tool. For CFD simulations, an in-house version of KIVA4 code was employed. Oil throw-off into the combustion chamber was modeled by a lube oil stripping model, which sets the criteria for oil drops to be stripped from the piston rings/crevice regions and enter the combustion chamber. To capture the ignition caused by the stripped oil drops precisely, single particle ignition cell (SPIC) model was used that utilizes computations of thermal and chemical changes in refined grid cells for the lube oil containing computational cells. For modeling chemical kinetics, a reduced lube oil reaction mechanism previously developed was used. Factors affecting the lube oil stripping process such as thickness, velocity, and temperature of the lube film and its subsequent pre-ignition behavior were studied and discussed. Higher initial thickness, higher film temperature and higher initial film velocity all lead to earlier stripping of lube-oil film into the combustion chamber. Once the film is stripped, keeping the local lube vapor equivalence ratio low is the key to prevent pre-ignition.
The structure and property of polyacrylonitrile-based microfiltration membranes for oil-water emulsion separation
Authors: Wang Shuhua , Pang Mingke , Wen Zelin
Published: June 2022

The polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based microfiltration membranes material was prepared used waste polyacrylonitrile fibers as the raw material. The PAN membranes have two different structure, the surface layer is finger pore structure, below layer is cavernous pore structure with the porosity is 85.92%. The PAN membrane shows super strong hydrophilicity (high water permeability) and ultra low adhesion of underwater oil (good oilresistance) under different pH values and different surfactants. The flux of PAN membranes is 1952.63 L•m−2• H−1 • bar−1, the oil retention ability is 99.14% when the film thickness was 100 μm, the PAN concentration was 7%, and the alkali treatment time was 1 h. The PAN membrane is an environmentally friendly material, have good application potential for oil-water emulsion separation and recycling of waste oil. Preparation of separation and filtration materials provides a good way to recycle waste PAN fibers and has potential practical value in oil-water separation field.
Fatigue life prediction of gasoline storage tank considering varying current density and weld stress
Authors: Yang Genhua , Liu Xintian , Lai Jiafeng , Wei Yuwei
Published: June 2022

In the field of corrosion fatigue crack research, how to couple corrosion and fatigue under various conditions is a problem worthy of discussion. According to the electrochemical corrosion principles and the superposition principles, studies have been made on the interaction between corrosion and fatigue, and the relationship model between the corrosion fatigue crack size and the corrosion fatigue remaining life in the Corrosion of Hydrogen evolution (COHE) fatigue long crack growth stage is established. The feasibility of the model is verified by using the experimental data. According to the specific structure of the dislocation butt weld of large storage tank, the stress at the crack is calculated. Based on the above model and the experimental data, the corrosion fatigue residual life of large storage tank is predicted. The feasibility of the model is verified, which provides a new method for corrosion fatigue life prediction of large storage tanks.
HbA1c Variability as an Independent Risk Factor for Microvascular Complications in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Mao Yuanjie , Zhong Wenjun
Published: June 2022

Background:

There are few studies on the role of long-term glycemic variability in complications of type 1 diabetes (T1D). This study was aimed to investigate the associations of HbA1c variability represented by the coefficient of variation of HbA1c with incident microvascular complications in T1D by analyzing the data set from the DCCT/EDIC study.

Methods:

Patients (n = 1240) were divided into four groups by HbA1c variability quartiles. Incident microvascular complications were assessed for a duration of an average of 20.5 years. Multivariable models were performed to examine the associations between HbA1c variability and incident microvascular complications.

Results:

All incident microvascular complications were higher in the fourth quartile of the HbA1c variability group. After adjusting for clinical risk factors, HbA1c variability was positively associated with a higher risk of all diabetic microvascular complications ( P < .05). Specifically, it had 1.125 (1.082-1.170), 1.114 (1.074-1.154), 1.061 (1.024-1.099), or 1.088 (1.052-1.125) times higher odds (95% confidence interval [CI]) of having retinopathy, nephropathy, clinical neuropathy, or autonomic neuropathy, independent of mean HbA1c values ( P < .05). Furthermore, there were higher incident microvascular complications with higher HbA1c variability when HbA1c value was above the group median of 7.9%, while only higher incident autonomic neuropathy with higher HbA1c variability when HbA1c was below the group median.

Conclusions:

Our results showed a significant independent association between HbA1c variability and the risk of microvascular complications in T1D. HbA1c variability might be a supplemental risk stratification tool to mean HbA1c for microvascular complications in T1D.
Are group identity and sense of belonging relevant for group pain management programmes? An exploratory pilot study
Authors: Wilson Dianne , Mackintosh Shylie , Nicholas Michael K , Moseley G Lorimer , Costa Daniel , Ashton-James Claire
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT)–based programmes for chronic pain are often conducted in groups, most likely for time and cost efficiencies. However, there has been very little investigation of the role that the group itself, and particularly the processes occurring within the group, may play in individual outcomes. The objective of this study was to explore whether social group processes were relevant to key treatment outcomes of group CBT for chronic pain.

Method

Data were collected from 15 groups (N = 118) undertaking a pain management programme in a tertiary setting. Intraclass correlations were computed to determine any clustering of outcomes in groups, and linear mixed modelling analysis explored pre-registered hypotheses of associations between treatment outcomes and the social group processes of Group Identification and Sense of Belonging.

Results

A weak association between early identification with the group and changes in pain-related disability was shown. In addition, an enhanced global Sense of Belonging was associated with increased pain self-efficacy.

Conclusion

These associations, in a programme that had not been designed to address group processes, suggest that their relevance is worth further investigation, particularly in group programmes that do focus on the social consequences of chronic pain. Future studies should investigate whether manipulation of social group processes within a CBT-based pain programme enhances pain-related outcomes and improves the overall well-being of people with chronic pain.
‘India @75: Religion and Citizenship in India’
Authors: Khosla Madhav , Vaishnav Milan
Published: June 2022

As India celebrates 75 years of independence, fresh questions are being raised about who is an Indian. This essay introduces a special section of Studies in Indian Politics which puts forward answers to this question considering recent tectonic changes in India’s political climate and party system. We outline how religion is being increasingly adopted as a filter through which citizenship is decided—both in formal, legal terms as well as in informal terms. The special section delves deeper into this terrain, exploring several critical themes: de jure changes to India’s citizenship regime, the relationship between Hindu nationalism and liberal democracy, the judiciary’s role in adjudicating religious disputes, the Muslim community’s response to recent policy shifts and the changing nature of electoral coalition building. Taken together, the articles in this section represent a signal contribution to ongoing debates in India—and elsewhere—on democracy, nationalism and inclusion.
Iraq’s Religious Minorities: On the Precipice
Authors: Calabrese John
Published: June 2022

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is often described as the cradle of the three Abrahamic faiths and Iraq as a land “where faith was born.” But the past two decades have dealt a severe, possibly fatal blow to religious communities that were once vibrant and integral parts of Iraq’s social fabric—and perhaps to the very idea of pluralism in the region. Ensuring the continued presence of religious minority communities is vital to preserving Iraq’s social diversity and nurturing a culture of pluralism. Iraq’s best hope to save its vanishing minorities from extinction and revive religious pluralism lies in the Iraqi Region of Kurdistan (IRK). Fully incorporating displaced non-Muslim components of Iraqi society into host communities in the IRK while preserving their distinctive collective identity would advance the prospects for the survival of religious minorities and the future of pluralism in the IRK, the country at large, and the wider region.
Assessing Interrater Reliability of a Faculty-Provided Feedback Rating Instrument
Authors: Walsh Daniel P. , Chen Michael J. , Buhl Lauren K. , Neves Sara E. , Mitchell John D.
Published: June 2022

High quality feedback on resident clinical performance is pivotal to growth and development. Therefore, a reliable means of assessing faculty feedback is necessary. A feedback assessment instrument would also allow for appropriate focus of interventions to improve faculty feedback. We piloted an assessment of the interrater reliability of a seven-item feedback rating instrument on faculty educators trained via a three-workshop frame-of-reference training regimen. The rating instrument's items assessed for the presence or absence of six feedback traits: actionable, behavior focused, detailed, negative feedback, professionalism / communication, and specific; as well as for overall utility of feedback with regard to devising a resident performance improvement plan on an ordinal scale from 1 to 5. Participants completed three cycles consisting of one-hour-long workshops where an instructor led a review of the feedback rating instrument on deidentified feedback comments, followed by participants independently rating a set of 20 deidentified feedback comments, and the study team reviewing the interrater reliability for each feedback rating category to guide future workshops. Comments came from four different anesthesia residency programs in the United States; each set of feedback comments was balanced with respect to utility scores to promote participants’ ability to discriminate between high and low utility comments. On the third and final independent rating exercise, participants achieved moderate or greater interrater reliability on all seven rating categories of a feedback rating instrument using Gwet's agreement coefficient 1 for the six feedback traits and using intraclass correlation for utility score. This illustrates that when this instrument is utilized by trained, expert educators, reliable assessments of faculty-provided feedback can be made. This rating instrument, with further validity evidence, has the potential to help programs reliably assess both the quality and utility of their feedback, as well as the impact of any educational interventions designed to improve feedback.
The International Consensus Classification of Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms: a report from the Clinical Advisory Committee
Authors: Campo Elias , Jaffe Elaine S. , Cook James R. , Quintanilla-Martinez Leticia , Swerdlow Steven H. , Anderson Kenneth C. , Brousset Pierre , Cerroni Lorenzo , de Leval Laurence , Dirnhofer Stefan , Dogan Ahmet , Feldman Andrew L. , Fend Falko , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Gaulard Philippe , Ghia Paolo , Horwitz Steven M. , King Rebecca L. , Salles Gilles , San-Miguel Jesus , Seymour John F. , Treon Steven P. , Vose Julie M. , Zucca Emanuele , Advani Ranjana , Ansell Stephen , Au Wing-Yan , Barrionuevo Carlos , Bergsagel Leif , Chan Wing C. , Cohen Jeffrey I. , d’Amore Francesco , Davies Andrew , Falini Brunangelo , Ghobrial Irene M. , Goodlad John R. , Gribben John G. , Hsi Eric D. , Kahl Brad S. , Kim Won-Seog , Kumar Shaji , LaCasce Ann S. , Laurent Camille , Lenz Georg , Leonard John P. , Link Michael P. , Lopez-Guillermo Armando , Mateos Maria Victoria , Macintyre Elizabeth , Melnick Ari M. , Morschhauser Franck , Nakamura Shigeo , Narbaitz Marina , Pavlovsky Astrid , Pileri Stefano A. , Piris Miguel , Pro Barbara , Rajkumar Vincent , Rosen Steven T. , Sander Birgitta , Sehn Laurie , Shipp Margaret A. , Smith Sonali M. , Staudt Louis M. , Thieblemont Catherine , Tousseyn Thomas , Wilson Wyndham H. , Yoshino Tadashi , Zinzani Pier-Luigi , Dreyling Martin , Scott David W. , Winter Jane N. , Zelenetz Andrew D.
Published: June 2022

Since the publication of the Revised European-American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms in 1994, subsequent updates of the classification of lymphoid neoplasms have been generated through iterative international efforts to achieve broad consensus among hematopathologists, geneticists, molecular scientists, and clinicians. Significant progress has recently been made in the characterization of malignancies of the immune system, with many new insights provided by genomic studies. They have led to this proposal. We have followed the same process that was successfully used for the third and fourth editions of the World Health Organization Classification of Hematologic Neoplasms. The definition, recommended studies, and criteria for the diagnosis of many entities have been extensively refined. Some categories considered provisional have now been upgraded to definite entities. Terminology for some diseases has been revised to adapt nomenclature to the current knowledge of their biology, but these modifications have been restricted to well-justified situations. Major findings from recent genomic studies have impacted the conceptual framework and diagnostic criteria for many disease entities. These changes will have an impact on optimal clinical management. The conclusions of this work are summarized in this report as the proposed International Consensus Classification of mature lymphoid, histiocytic, and dendritic cell tumors.
Clinical care pathway for the evaluation of patients with suspected VITT after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination
Authors: Lee Agnes Y. Y. , Al Moosawi Muntadhar , Peterson Erica A. , McCracken Rita K. , Wong Steven K. W. , Nicolson Hamish , Chan Vicky , Smith Tyler , Wong Michelle P. , Lee Lauren J. , Griffiths Cameron , Rahal Bhavdeep , Parkin Stephen , Afra Kevin , Ambler Kimberley , Chen Luke Y. C. , Field Thalia S. , Lindsay Heather C. , Lavoie Martin , Li Charles , Migneault David , Naus Monika , Piszczek Jolanta , Rahmani Poupak , Sreenivasan Gayatri , Wan Tony , Yee Adrian , Zypchen Leslie , Sweet David
Published: June 2022

Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare complication after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) adenoviral vector vaccination. In British Columbia (BC), Canada, a provincial clinical care pathway was developed to guide clinicians in evaluating for VITT among patients who present with thrombocytopenia or thrombosis symptoms within 4 to 28 days after adenoviral vector vaccine exposure. All patients had enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing for platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies, and all cases with positive PF4-ELISA or d-dimer levels ≥2.0 mg/L fibrinogen equivalent units (FEU) had further testing for platelet-activating PF4 antibodies using a modified serotonin release assay (SRA). Between 1 May and 30 June 2021, 37% of 68 patients investigated for VITT had thrombosis, but only 3 had VITT confirmed by PF4-ELISA and SRA. Platelet counts, d-dimer levels, and ELISA optical density values were significantly different between those with and without VITT. Three patients had thrombocytopenia and thrombosis with d-dimer levels >4.0 mg/L FEU but had negative PF4-ELISA and SRA results. Patients with VITT were treated successfully with IV immunoglobulin, nonheparin anticoagulants, and corticosteroids. Our pathway demonstrated that thrombosis is common among patients investigated for VITT and that PF4-ELISA testing is necessary to confirm VITT in those presenting with thrombosis and thrombocytopenia.
Study on the Distribution of Frictional Forces on Z-yarn Continuous Implanted Preforms and Their Applications
Authors: Guo Zitong , Shan Zhongde , Huang Jihua , Xue Debo
Published: June 2022

To improve the quality and efficiency of Z-directional 3D preform forming, the Z-yarn frictional force distribution model of the preform and its wear mechanism were investigated. In this study, a tensile force measuring device was designed to measure the force required to replace the guide sleeve, which is equivalent to the Z-yarn frictional forces. The frictional force is proportional to the number of preform layers and is applied to the preform decreased from the corner, edge, sub-edge, and middle in order. A back propagation neural network model was established to predict the friction at different positions of the preform with different layers, and the error was within 1.9%. The wear of Z-yarn was studied at different frictional positions and after different times of successive implantation into the preform. The results showed that with an increase in the number of Z-yarn implantations and frictional forces, the amount of carbon fiber bundle hairiness gradually increased, and the tensile fracture strength damage of the fiber was increasingly affected by the frictional forces. In the corner position of the preform, when the number of implantations was 25, the fiber fracture strength decreased non-linearly and substantially; in order to avoid fiber fracturing in the implantation process, the Z-yarn needs to be replaced in time after 20–25 cycles of continuous implantation. This study solves the problem of difficulty in measuring the force required for individual replacements owing to the excessive number of guide sleeves, puts forward the relationship between fiber wear, preform position, and implantation times, solves the phenomenon of fracture in the preform during Z-direction fiber implantation, and realizes the continuous implantation of fibers.
Clinical and behavioural features of SYNGAP1-related intellectual disability: a parent and caregiver description
Authors: Wright Damien , Kenny Aisling , Eley Sarah , McKechanie Andrew G. , Stanfield Andrew C.
Published: June 2022

Background

SYNGAP1-related intellectual disability (ID) is a recently described neurodevelopmental disorder that is caused by pathogenic variation in the SYNGAP1 gene. To date, the behavioural characteristics of this disorder have mainly been highlighted via the prevalence of existing diagnoses in case series. We set out to detail the behavioural features of this disorder by undertaking interviews with those who have a child with SYNGAP1-related ID to allow them to describe their child’s behaviour.

Methods

We conducted 27 semi-structured interviews with parents and caregivers which covered basic information (e.g., age, gender), family history, perinatal history, past medical history, developmental history, epilepsy, behavioural history, and a general description of their child’s behaviour.

Results

Using a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach, the responses from the parents indicated that those with SYNGAP1-related ID showed high rates of autism spectrum disorder (52%), difficulties with fine and gross motor skills, delays in language development, and a high prevalence of epilepsy (70%). A qualitative analysis highlighted their general behaviour affected the themes of daily living skills, distress-related behaviours, emotional regulation, difficulties with change, a lack of danger awareness, and sensory differences. Sensory features described involved auditory, visual, tactile, gustatory, and proprioceptive themes.

Conclusions

Our findings and behavioural descriptions provide important insights as well as implications for the diagnosis and care of those with SYNGAP1-related ID.
Measuring spatial accessibility to urban services for older adults: an application to healthcare facilities in Milan
Authors: Guida Carmen , Carpentieri Gerardo , Masoumi Houshmand
Published: June 2022

This study proposes a Geographic Information Systems-based methodology to measure accessibility to urban services from the elderly perspective to support urban planning processes. Specifically, it seeks to understand and clarify how the urban environment can influence the quality of life for older adults, mostly through pedestrian and public transport networks, locations of essential urban services, and the organisation of their resources. In light of a significant demographic change, policymakers will have to promote age-friendly urban planning approaches to guarantee equal access to services and activities. We propose a methodology to measure accessibility to healthcare provision services that considers land-use and mobility features and older adults' behavioural traits. The method belongs to the family of 2SFCA—2 steps floating catchment area—which evaluate accessibility as the combination of both supply and demand of urban services. Therefore, we have introduced innovative elements to shape actual mobility opportunities for the elderly and their travel choices. The methodology was applied to Milan's city to measure accessibility to the Health Protection Agency (ATS) services, which is responsible for healthcare assistance to the elderly dwelling in the city. The outputs show that a significant share of older people (almost 40%) suffer from poor accessibility to primary health services and that they mostly live in the city periphery. Moreover, the application to a case study has shown that the methodology could identify the critical aspects needed to aid urban planning to achieve a high quality of life for elderly people.
TP53 and TP53-associated genes are correlated with the prognosis of paediatric neuroblastoma
Authors: Wang Haiwei , Wang Xinrui , Xu Liangpu , Zhang Ji
Published: June 2022

Background

TP53 is rarely mutated in paediatric neuroblastoma. The prognosis of TP53 and TP53-associated genes in paediatric neuroblastoma is unclear. The objectives of the study were to analyse datasets of 2477 paediatric neuroblastoma patients from eight independent cohorts to reveal the prognosis of TP53 and TP53-associated genes.

Results

High TP53 mRNA expression was associated with shortened event-free survival and overall survival in paediatric neuroblastoma. Moreover, a higher enrichment score of the TP53 signalling pathway was associated with worse clinical outcomes of paediatric neuroblastoma. Among the genes associated with TP53, CCNE1, CDK2 and CHEK2 were correlated with unfavourable clinical outcomes, while SESN1 was correlated with favourable clinical outcomes of paediatric neuroblastoma in the eight independent neuroblastoma cohorts. TP53, CCNE1, CDK2 and CHEK2 were overexpressed in neuroblastoma patients with MYCN amplification, while SESN1 was downregulated in neuroblastoma patients with MYCN amplification. CCNE1, SESN1, MYCN amplification and age at diagnosis were independent prognostic markers of neuroblastoma. CCNE1 was also highly expressed in paediatric neuroblastoma patients with an age at diagnosis ≥ 18 months, while SESN1 was downregulated in paediatric neuroblastoma patients with an age at diagnosis ≥ 18 months. Combinations of CCNE1 with age at diagnosis or combinations of SESN1 with age at diagnosis achieved superior prognostic effects in paediatric neuroblastoma. Finally, we constructed a nomogram risk model of paediatric neuroblastoma based on age and TP53, CCNE1, CDK2, CHEK2 and SESN1 expression. The nomogram model could predict the overall survival of paediatric neuroblastoma and MYCN nonamplified paediatric neuroblastoma with high specificity and sensitivity.

Conclusions

TP53 and TP53-associated genes CCNE1, CDK2, CHEK2 and SESN1 were significantly associated with the clinical outcomes of paediatric neuroblastoma.
Abstract screening using the automated tool Rayyan: results of effectiveness in three diagnostic test accuracy systematic reviews
Authors: Valizadeh Amir , Moassefi Mana , Nakhostin-Ansari Amin , Hosseini Asl Seyed Hossein , Saghab Torbati Mehrnush , Aghajani Reyhaneh , Maleki Ghorbani Zahra , Faghani Shahriar
Published: June 2022

Objective

To evaluate the performance of the automated abstract screening tool Rayyan.

Methods

The records obtained from the search for three systematic reviews were manually screened in four stages. At the end of each stage, Rayyan was used to predict the eligibility score for the remaining records. At two different thresholds (≤2.5 and < 2.5 for exclusion of a record) Rayyan-generated ratings were compared with the decisions made by human reviewers in the manual screening process and the tool’s accuracy metrics were calculated.

Results

Two thousand fifty-four records were screened manually, of which 379 were judged to be eligible for full-text assessment, and 112 were eventually included in the final review. For finding records eligible for full-text assessment, at the threshold of < 2.5 for exclusion, Rayyan managed to achieve sensitivity values of 97-99% with specificity values of 19-58%, while at the threshold of ≤2.5 for exclusion it had a specificity of 100% with sensitivity values of 1-29%. For the task of finding eligible reports for inclusion in the final review, almost similar results were obtained.

Discussion

At the threshold of < 2.5 for exclusion, Rayyan managed to be a reliable tool for excluding ineligible records, but it was not much reliable for finding eligible records. We emphasize that this study was conducted on diagnostic test accuracy reviews, which are more difficult to screen due to inconsistent terminology.
A survey of knowledge, attitudes, barriers and support needs in providing hepatitis B care among GPs practising in Australia
Authors: Xiao Yinzong , van Gemert Caroline , Howell Jess , Wallace Jack , Richmond Jacqueline , Adamson Emily , Thompson Alexander , Hellard Margaret
Published: June 2022

Background

In Australia, only 22% of people with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are clinically managed; and a national effort is engaging primary care workforce in providing CHB-related care. This study explored CHB-related knowledge, attitudes, barriers and support needs of general practitioners (GPs).

Methods

A survey was sent to a random sample of 1,000 Australian GPs in April- October 2018; 134 of 978 eligible GPs completed the questionnaire (14%).

Results

Respondents had high knowledge of at-risk populations (> 79%) and hepatitis B serology (82%), and most saw hepatitis B testing and monitoring as part of their work (95% and 86%, respectively). However, the survey revealed low knowledge, awareness and intention with respect to hepatitis B treatment: 23% correctly understood treatment initiation; 40% were aware that treatment for CHB could be dispensed in the community; 23% agreed that prescribing was part of their work. Lack of time was considered the greatest barrier (38%) and clear guidelines was the most important facilitator to providing care (72%).

Conclusion

Interventions are needed to generate interest and skills to provide CHB-related care by GPs.
A novel tool for predicting the risk of central lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Luo Qian-wen , Gao Shan , Lv Xiao , Li Si-jia , Wang Bo-fang , Han Qing-qing , Wang Yun-peng , Guan Quan-lin , Gong Tao
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Central lymph node status in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) plays an important role in treatment decision-making clinically, however, it is not easy to predict central lymph node metastasis (CLNM). The present work focused on finding the more rational alternative for evaluating central lymph node status while identifying influencing factors to construct a model to predict CLNM incidence.

Methods

In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the typical sonographic and clinicopathologic features of 546 PTMC patients who underwent surgery, among which, the data of 382 patients were recruited in the training cohort and that of 164 patients in the validation cohort. Based on the outcome of the training cohort, significant influencing factors were further identified through univariate analysis and were considered as independent variables in multivariable logistic regression analysis and incorporated in and presented with a nomogram.

Results

In total, six independent predictors, including the age, sex, tumor size, multifocality, capsular invasion, Hashimotos thyroiditis were entered into the nomogram. Both internal validation and external validation revealed the favorable discrimination of our as-constructed nomogram. Calibration curves exhibited high consistency. As suggested by decision-curve analyses, the as-constructed nomogram might be applied in clinic. Besides, the model also distinguished patients according to risk stratification.

Conclusions

The novel nomogram containing remarkable influencing factors for CLNM cases was established in the present work. The nomogram can assist clinicians in clinical decision-making.
Association between sleep duration and albumin in US adults: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2015–2018
Authors: Li Jingxian , Guo Lizhong
Published: June 2022

Background

Albumin has multiple functions and is used in the clinical assessment of liver function, kidney function and nutritional status. However, few epidemiological studies have evaluated the association between sleep duration and albumin. Therefore, we carried out a cross-sectional study to address this issue. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between sleep duration and albumin in American adults based on the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey).

Methods

A total of 9,973 participants aged $$\ge$$
≥
20 years were included in this study from NHANES 2015–2018. Weighted data were calculated according to analytical guidelines. Linear regression models and smooth curve fitting were used to assess and describe the relationship between sleep duration and albumin. The inflection point was determined by a two-step recursive method. Moreover, univariate and stratified analyses were performed.

Results

There was an inverted U-shaped association between sleep duration and albumin levels. Albumin levels were highest when the sleep duration was 7.5 h. Compared to 7–8 h of sleep, short sleep duration was linked to lower albumin levels [sleep duration $$\le$$
≤
5 h: β $$=$$
=
-1.00, 95% CI (-1.26, -0.74), P < 0.0001]. Compared to 7–8 h of sleep, long sleep duration was related to lower albumin levels [sleep duration $$>$$
>
9 h: β $$=$$
=
-0.48, 95% CI (-0.68, -0.27), P < 0.0001].

Conclusions

Sleep duration had an inverted U-shaped relationship with albumin, with short or long sleep duration associated with significantly lower albumin levels.