bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep sedation predicts pressure injury in patients admitted to intensive care units
Authors: Sasabe Yayoi , Niitani Mayumi , Teramoto Chie , Yamaga Satoshi , Shime Nobuaki , Tanabe Kazuaki , Kataoka Tsuyoshi , Sawatari Hiroyuki
Published: January 2022

Background

Patients in intensive care units (ICU) are frequently prescribed sedatives, which might increase the risk for pressure injury (PI). Although the association between sedation and incidence of PI has been noted, the adequate sedation level to prevent the incidence of PI in patients admitted to ICU is still unclear.

Aim

This study aimed to investigate the association between fluctuating sedation levels and the incidence of PI in patients admitted to ICU.

Study Design

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 104 patients admitted to ICU. Data regarding the length of ICU stay (LOS) and comorbid infection were abstracted from medical records. The Richmond Agitation‐Sedation Scale (RASS) was scored twice per day, and the standardized RASS (S‐RASS, summation of RASS values divided by the number of samples) was used to evaluate changes in sedation levels.

Results

Among the 104 included patients, 65 patients (62.5%) were male (median age: 68.0 years), and 13 patients (12.5%) had PI during ICU admission. S‐RASS scores were lower in patients with PI than in those without PI (P = .0001) even after adjustment for confounders (OR [95%CI]: 0.14 [0.03–0.58], P = .006). The LOS and infections were higher in patients with PI than in those without PI (P < .0001 and P = .005, respectively). The cut‐off value of S‐RASS for PI incidence was −3.2 (sensitivity: 88%; specificity: 85%), and a significant predictor of PI incidence (HR [95%CI]: 20.07 [2.53–159.11], P = .005).

Conclusions

Deeper sedation levels based on S‐RASS scores, which account for the effects of fluctuating sedation levels, were a strong, highly accurate predictor of PI incidence in patients admitted to ICU.

Relevance to Clinical Practice

Assessing fluctuations in the level of sedation using the S‐RASS might help to identify sedative‐induced PI in patients admitted to ICU.
SlWRKY35 positively regulates carotenoid biosynthesis by activating the MEP pathway in tomato fruit
Authors: Yuan Yong , Ren Siyan , Liu Xiaofeng , Su Liyang , Wu Yu , Zhang Wen , Li Yan , Jiang Yidan , Wang Hsihua , Fu Rao , Bouzayen Mondher , Liu Mingchun , Zhang Yang
Published: January 2022

Carotenoids are vital phytonutrients widely recognised for their health benefits. Therefore, it is vital to thoroughly investigate the metabolic regulatory network underlying carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation to open new leads towards improving their contents in vegetables and crops.

The outcome of our study defines SlWRKY35 as a positive regulator of carotenoid biosynthesis in tomato. SlWRKY35 can directly activate the expression of the 1‐deoxy‐d‐xylulose 5‐phosphate synthase (SlDXS1) gene to reprogramme metabolism towards the 2‐C‐methyl‐d‐erythritol 4‐phosphate (MEP) pathway, leading to enhanced carotenoid accumulation. We also show that the master regulator SlRIN directly regulates the expression of SlWRKY35 during tomato fruit ripening.

Compared with the SlLCYE overexpression lines, coexpression of SlWRKY35 and SlLCYE can further enhance lutein production in transgenic tomato fruit, indicating that SlWRKY35 represents a potential target towards designing innovative metabolic engineering strategies for carotenoid derivatives.

In addition to providing new insights into the metabolic regulatory network associated with tomato fruit ripening, our data define a new tool for improving fruit content in specific carotenoid compounds.
Recommendations and the Way Ahead
Authors: Juneau Thomas , Carvin Stephanie
Published: January 2022

This last chapter provides recommendations, based on the analysis of the four previous chapters, for the way ahead. What can be done to remedy, or mitigate, the weaknesses identified in our research? Which measures could the Canadian intelligence community implement to improve its performance? How should it accomplish this in an era of reform and fluid public safety and national security threats? And can it find ways to turn enhanced review and scrutiny into an opportunity to improve its performance?
Conclusion
Authors: Juneau Thomas , Carvin Stephanie
Published: January 2022

The conclusion reflects on some of the book’s key themes. Ideally, the Canadian intelligence and national security community should consist of a sum greater than the total of its parts, but it has not truly reached “community” status, and there is no strong sense of belonging that unites it. Intelligence is less unique than many members of the community perceive it to be. It represents one expert input into the policy making process, and the fundamental nature of its interaction with the policy realm is broadly similar to other inputs. Finally, structure matters: the international security environment in which Canada has navigated over the decades has shaped the nature of Canada’s intelligence community. This environment is changing with the rise of populism, the fluidity of threats, as well as new expectations of privacy, transparency, and accountability. As the Canadian intelligence community addresses these challenges, can it learn from its allies?
The Plausibility of Jewish Primitivism
Authors: Spinner Samuel J.
Published: January 2022

Chapter 2 analyzes Jewish primitivism in the works of the Yiddish writer S. An-sky and the German-Jewish writers Alfred Döblin and Joseph Roth. While European primitivism generally suppressed the subjectivity of the “primitive” in order to objectify it, Jewish primitivism paradoxically both suppressed and revealed the potential for equality between the civilized writer and the savage Jew, blurring the border between observer and observed. Jewish primitivism was thus a “plausible” primitivism, which manifested in literary projects that contained two contradictory but equally necessary parts: on the one hand, a range of belletristic genres presented an idealized vision of Jewish primitivity; on the other hand, travelogues foregrounded the reality of European Jewish life. Together, suspended in mutual opposition, these genres expressed Jewish primitivism.
The Aesthetics of Jewish Primitivism I
Authors: Spinner Samuel J.
Published: January 2022

The avant-garde short stories of the Yiddish writer Der Nister were a form of primitivist literary abstraction, fracturing the narrator-ego into a kaleidoscopic and disorienting landscape, thereby destabilizing the privileged subject at the center of the Western literary tradition. The primitivist aesthetic theory of Carl Einstein clarifies Der Nister’s own innovative solution to the problem of abstraction—as a visual and spatial phenomenon—in literature. Einstein noted that primitivist abstraction was in principle achievable in literature but in practice absent. Der Nister’s familiarity with Yiddish folklore gave him a resource for the creation of a literary abstraction motivated by both literature and the visual principles familiar from modernist painting. His primitivism resulted in a revolutionary aesthetics that fused Jewish sources with the universalist claims of his politics.
Sweetening Judgment
Authors: Hellner-Eshed Melila
Published: January 2022

This chapter explores the idraic myth of the birth of Cain and Abel and their archetypal role, the birth of Seth, and finally the ideal coupling of the divine male and female.
Epilogue
Authors: Hellner-Eshed Melila
Published: January 2022

“It is written: When you come to appear before My face [ … ] (Isaiah 1:12). [ … ] When you comeי‎ נפוֹת‎ ָאֵרל‎ (le-raʾot panai), to appear before My face, [who asked this of you, to trample My courts?...
The Dominant Strategy and Alliance Failure
Authors: Kuo Raymond C.
Published: January 2022

Copying the dominant strategy reduces the risk of alliance failure by one-third. This chapter leverages statistical methods to link emulation to security behavior. Military partnerships are more reliable and cohesive when they converge on a single, socially accepted standard of credible and legitimate cooperation. Scholars often assume that institutionalization enhances reliability. This chapter demonstrates that such assumption is only true when the core alliance is itself institutionalized. If not, formal coordination can increase the risk of alliance failure by 26.46 percent.
¿Las exclusiones del contrato de seguro deben tener relación causal con el siniestro? nuevas perspectivas desde la Corte Suprema de Justicia
Authors: Trujillo Gómez María Luisa , Ossa Gómez Daniel
Published: January 2022

El 23 de noviembre del año 2020, la Sala Civil de la Corte Suprema de Justicia falló un recurso extraordinario de casación interpuesto por una empresa transportadora,[1] en contra de la sentencia de segunda instancia proferida por el Tribunal Superior de Distrito Judicial de Bogotá. En dicho proceso judicial, se discutía si las exclusiones del contrato de seguro, para ser alegadas por la aseguradora, debían ser la causa adecuada del siniestro.

Con el fin de dar más contexto sobre el caso, anticipamos que la parte demandante, amparándose en la posición de un sector de la doctrina, con precursores como el maestro J. Efrén Ossa Gómez, sostuvo a lo largo del proceso que las exclusiones legales o convencionales debían aplicarse con un criterio causal para ser invocadas como eximentes de responsabilidad del asegurador.

Por su parte, la aseguradora demandada sostenía que las exclusiones no sólo podían ser aplicadas con un criterio causal sino, también, de acuerdo con otras circunstancias técnicas del contrato de seguro, así las mismas no fueran la causa adecuada del siniestro, en virtud de la posibilidad de delimitar el riesgo asegurado establecido en el artículo 1056 del Código de Comercio. 

La Corte Suprema de Justicia apoyó la postura de la aseguradora y, apartándose de la posición clásica de reputados autores, adoptó un criterio novedoso al considerar que, por las amplias facultades que tiene la aseguradora para delimitar el riesgo asegurado, basta con que la exclusión tenga una explicación técnica ―aunque no sea la causa adecuada del siniestro― para prosperar, siempre que la misma tenga relación con los hechos o condiciones que antecedieron la ocurrencia del siniestro.  

 

[1] M.P. Francisco Ternera Barrios, ref: SC4527-2020.
Synthetic multistability in mammalian cells
Authors: Zhu Ronghui , del Rio-Salgado Jesus M. , Garcia-Ojalvo Jordi , Elowitz Michael B.
Published: January 2022

In multicellular organisms, gene regulatory circuits generate thousands of molecularly distinct, mitotically heritable states through the property of multistability. Designing synthetic multistable circuits would provide insight into natural cell fate control circuit architectures and would allow engineering of multicellular programs that require interactions among distinct cell types. We created MultiFate, a naturally inspired, synthetic circuit that supports long-term, controllable, and expandable multistability in mammalian cells. MultiFate uses engineered zinc finger transcription factors that transcriptionally self-activate as homodimers and mutually inhibit one another through heterodimerization. Using a model-based design, we engineered MultiFate circuits that generate as many as seven states, each stable for at least 18 days. MultiFate permits controlled state switching and modulation of state stability through external inputs and can be expanded with additional transcription factors. These results provide a foundation for engineering multicellular behaviors in mammalian cells.
Reconfigurable asymmetric protein assemblies through implicit negative design
Authors: Sahtoe Danny D. , Praetorius Florian , Courbet Alexis , Hsia Yang , Wicky Basile I. M. , Edman Natasha I. , Miller Lauren M. , Timmermans Bart J. R. , Decarreau Justin , Morris Hana M. , Kang Alex , Bera Asim K. , Baker David
Published: January 2022

Asymmetric multiprotein complexes that undergo subunit exchange play central roles in biology but present a challenge for design because the components must not only contain interfaces that enable reversible association but also be stable and well behaved in isolation. We use implicit negative design to generate β sheet–mediated heterodimers that can be assembled into a wide variety of complexes. The designs are stable, folded, and soluble in isolation and rapidly assemble upon mixing, and crystal structures are close to the computational models. We construct linearly arranged hetero-oligomers with up to six different components, branched hetero-oligomers, closed C4-symmetric two-component rings, and hetero-oligomers assembled on a cyclic homo-oligomeric central hub and demonstrate that such complexes can readily reconfigure through subunit exchange. Our approach provides a general route to designing asymmetric reconfigurable protein systems.
Supplemental Material: Coriolis effect recorded in Late Pleistocene Marine Isotope Stage 5e Bahamian aeolianites
Authors: Rendall Ben , al. et
Published: January 2022

Figure S1 (TanDEM-X images of aeolian landforms across islands), Data Set S1 (shapefiles of map polygons), and Data Set S2 (csv file with dune axis vector data).
Controlled Bi-Axial Buckling and Postbuckling of Thin Films Suspended on a Stretchable Substrate with Square Prism Relief Structures
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyang , Yu Qingmin , Wu Huaping , Cheng Huanyu
Published: January 2022

Stretchable electronics have spurred rapid developments from curvilinear devices to bio-integrated diagnostic and therapeutic devices. The wavy configuration in the device components on a stretchable elastomeric substrate surface plays a prominent role in simultaneously achieving high areal coverage and stretchability without compromising the electric performance, resulting in unique applications in stretchable and flexible light-emitting diodes (LEDs), batteries, supercapacitors, and photovoltaics. In this study, we investigate the buckling behaviors of stiff thin films on the top surface of a biaxially pre-strained elastomeric substrate with square prism micro-patterned structures. Based on energy minimization, a theoretical model is established to study the buckling profiles and the maximum strain for different pre-strain levels along two directions, which agrees reasonably well with those obtained by the finite element analysis (FEA). After revealing the effect of the center-to-center distance in micro-patterned structures and the interfacial contact width between the film and substrate on the buckling behavior, the elastic stretchability of the system is studied.
The Nernst equation: using physico-chemical laws to steer novel experimental design
Authors: Hopper Amy , Beswick-Jones Hana , Brown Angus M.
Published: January 2022

The application of physico-chemical principles has been routinely used to explain various physiological concepts. The Nernst equation is one example of this, used to predict the potential difference created by the transmembrane ion gradient resulting from uneven ion distribution within cellular compartments and the interstitial space. This relationship remains of fundamental importance to the understanding of electrical signaling in the brain, which relies on current flow across cell membranes. We describe four distinct occasions when the Nernst equation was ingeniously applied in experimental design to illuminate diverse cellular functions, from the dependence of the action potential on Na+ influx to K+ buffering in astrocytes. These examples are discussed with the aim of inspiring students to appreciate how the application of seemingly textbook-bound concepts can dictate novel experimental design across physiological disciplines.
Rhubarb Enema Increasing Short‐Chain Fatty Acids that Improves the Intestinal Barrier Disruption in CKD May Be Related to the Regulation of Gut Dysbiosis
Authors: Ji Chunlan , Lu Fuhua , Wu Yuchi , Lu Zhaoyu , Mo Yenan , Han Lijuan , Lin Qizhan , Liu Xusheng , Zou Chuan
Published: January 2022

The incidence of CKD seriously endangers people’s health. Researchers have proposed that improving the intestinal barrier damage in CKD may be an effective target for delaying the progression of CKD. Rhubarb can effectively improve the intestinal barrier and renal fibrosis, which may be related to the regulation of gut dysbiosis, but the mechanism needs to be further studied. Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are important metabolites of the gut microbiota and play an important role in maintaining the intestinal barrier. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether rhubarb enema regulates the production of short‐chain fatty acid‐related gut microbiota and improves the intestinal barrier damage of CKD. 5/6 nephrectomy rats were used as the animal model, sevelamer was used as the positive control group, and the sham operation rats were used as the control group. After 4 weeks of enema treatment, the general clinical indicators, short‐chain fatty acid levels, renal pathology, intestinal tissue pathology, intestinal tight junction protein, and changes in gut microbiota were detected. The results showed that rhubarb enema can increase the level of short‐chain fatty acids in the 5/6 nephrectomy model rats, improve the intestinal barrier damage, inhibit the decrease of intestinal tight junction proteins, reduce inflammation levels, improve kidney pathology, reduce blood creatinine levels, and regulate the intestinal tract, the abundance, and composition of the flora. Further correlation analysis showed that rhubarb enema increased the level of short‐chain fatty acids in 5/6 nephrectomy model rats, which may be related to the 7 strains that may regulate the production of short‐chain fatty acids. This study indicated that rhubarb enema can improve the intestinal barrier damage of 5/6 nephrectomy model rats and improve CKD, which may be related to the regulation of short‐chain fatty acid‐producing gut microbiota.
Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking and Associated Factors among Residents of Hossana Town, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Mekiso Abera Beyamo , Fonkamo Temesgen Tamirat , Wontamo Tekle Ejajo , Liben Fitsum Endale , Turuse Ermias Abera , Watumo Aregash Mecha , Woiloro Lonsako Abute , Erjino Dawit Sullamo , Arficho Tegegn Tadesse , Mekengo Dejene Ermias
Published: January 2022

Background. Tobacco is the only legal product that kills a large number of its consumers when used as intended by producers. Information on cigarette smoking and associated factors among adults at the household level is very limited. Objective. To assess prevalence of cigarette smoking and associated factors among residents of Hossana town, Hadiya zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2020. Methods and Materials. A cross‐sectional study design was performed. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of cigarette smoking. Variables significant at a p value of less than 0.05 were considered as independent predictors. Hosmer and Lemeshow test statistics were done to test the model fitness for the final model. Similarly, multicollinearity was checked by using collinearity statistics (tolerance and VIf). Result. In total, 591 people responded to the survey, resulting in a 98.2% response rate. Among the study participants, cigarette smokers were 183 (31.0%). Educational status, alcohol use, and parental smoking were all found to have a significant relationship with cigarette smoking among research participants in Hosanna town. When compared to people with a college education or above, illiterates are approximately nine times more likely to consume cigarettes (95% CI = 9.058 (3.52, 22.469)). Alcoholics are about twice as likely as nondrinkers to smoke cigarettes (95% CI = 2.288 (1.548, 3.383)). Those who have cigarette‐smoking parents are approximately twice as likely as their counterparts to smoke cigarettes (95% CI = 2.288 (1.548, 3.383)). Conclusion. According to this survey, the prevalence of cigarette smoking was high. Furthermore, cigarette smoking was linked to illiteracy, alcohol consumption, and parental smoking in this study.
Design of Real-Time Monitoring of Infant Physical Condition in Sports Training Based on Embedded Theory
Authors: He Biao , Wan Yuwen
Published: January 2022

Children at this age are a critical period of physical and mental development in a person’s life. Correctly understanding and grasping the characteristics and laws of physical and mental development of children at this stage and developing targeted sports and training are conducive to the physical development and growth of children. The first is the concrete image of the cognitive activity; the second is the unintentional nature of mental activities and behaviors; the third is the initial tendency of personality in order to monitor the physical condition of children in sports training in real time and to improve the management and data analysis capabilities of the physical condition of children in sports training; a set of real-time monitoring system for the physical condition of children in sports training is designed to help develop and improve the intelligence of children’s sports training management. This article mainly introduces the design of a real-time monitoring system for children’s physical condition in sports training based on an embedded system and is aimed at providing some references for the real-time monitoring of the physical condition of young children in sports training. This paper proposes a design method of a real-time monitoring system for children’s physical fitness in sports training based on embedded systems, utilizing the professionalism and real time and tailored the ability, reliability, and low power consumption of the embedded system to design a real-time monitoring system for the physical condition of young children in sports training; reuse includes the document retrieval, questionnaire survey, mathematical statistics, logical analysis, and real-time monitoring related algorithms, such as a real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of Things system, which is used for children’s physical fitness in sports training. Real-time monitoring system designed research experiment. The results show that the embedded real-time monitoring system designed in this paper has an average accuracy rate of 93.33% for children’s physical conditions, and the accuracy is strong, and it can be applied to the monitoring of children’s physical condition; it can promote the good development of children’s body and physique and improve the intelligent management ability of children’s sports training.
The Simple Nephrectomy Is Not Always Simple: Predictors of Surgical Difficulties
Authors: Atik Yavuz Tarik , Cimen Haci Ibrahim , Gul Deniz , Uysal Burak , Köse Osman , Halis Fikret
Published: January 2022

Background: Inflammation is one of the major risk factors for SN complications because the dense and fibrotic tissue leads to significant challenges to dissection. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the predictive factors preoperatively, especially inflammation markers and radiologic findings, which can pose challenges to surgery in simple nephrectomy. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the data of 156 patients who underwent simple open nephrectomy. There were 87 patients in group 1 (peroperative nonadherent perinephric fat) and 69 patients in group 2 (peroperative adherent perinephric fat). The preoperative computed tomography findings (renal volume, perinephric stranding, posterior perinephric fat thickness, lateral perinephric fat thickness, Hounsfield unit [HU] of perinephric fat, HU of subcutaneous fat, HU of renal parenchyma, HU of renal pelvis), side of the kidney affected, prior surgery at the same kidney, complication rates, and operative time were analyzed. Preoperative inflammation markers, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, monocyte-HDL ratio, and platelet-lymphocyte ratio levels were recorded. Results: Preoperative NLR and SII were statistically higher, and HDL was statistically lower in group 2; there was no difference in PLR and monocyte-HDL ratio between the 2 groups. According to the preoperative imaging, the perinephric stranding, HU of perinephric fat, and HU of renal parenchyma were higher in group 2, 54 (78.3), −36.93 (−91.46, −21.69), and 38.60 (32.11, 41.94), respectively. DM, history of nonsterile urine culture, HU of perinephric fat >61.78, and SII >689.36 were the factors that could be identified as independent significant predictors of presence of adherent perinephric fat. Conclusion: The radiological findings and inflammation markers can be used as the predictive factor for peroperative adherent perinephric tissue and surgical difficulties.
Kecenderungan Depresi pada Pasien Lansia Rawat Inap COVID-19 Survivor menggunakan GDS-15
Authors: Soenarti Sri , Pradipto Wiryawan
Published: January 2022

Pendahuluan: Penyebaran pandemi Sindrom Pernafasan Akut Parah Coronavirus (COVID-19) dapat dikaitkan dengan implikasi kejiwaan, termasuk depresi, salah satu gangguan mental yang paling umum. Ini melonjak di seluruh dunia di tengah pandemi penyakit coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) yang sedang berlangsung, terutama di antara para lansia yang selamat dari COVID-19 yang dirawat di rumah sakit.

Tujuan: Mengetahui dampak pandemi COVID-19 terhadap kemungkinan depresi menggunakan kuesioner Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) pada lansia COVID-19 yang dirawat di rumah sakit

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan pengumpulan data cross-sectional. Kami mengumpulkan subjek penelitian dari lansia survivor COVID-19 yang dirawat di RSU Saiful Anwar. Subyek dipanggil melalui telepon, dan kemudian mereka ditanyai berdasarkan kuesioner GDS-15. Kuesioner termasuk data demografi dan sosial ekonomi, status kesehatan, dan skor GDS-15.

Hasil: Di antara 33 sampel penelitian, cross-sectional phone survey menunjukkan bahwa hanya hanya ada dua partisipan (6,06%) yang skornya menunjukkan kemungkinan depresi. Lansia <70 tahun mengalami tekanan psikologis yang lebih rendah (p 0,057) dibandingkan yang berusia >70tahun.

Kesimpulan: Lansia penyintas COVID-19 yang dirawat di rumah sakit pada masa tindak lanjut 3 bulan setelah perawatan di rumah sakit memiliki tingkat kemungkinan depresi yang rendah, dan tidak ada peserta yang mengalami depresi.
constituição do espaço público e o perfil democrático das bibliotecas
Authors: Souza Willian Eduardo Righini de
Published: January 2022

Ao longo do século XX, diferentes autores apontaram o declínio do espaço público, reduzindo as possibilidades dos cidadãos se reunirem para dialogar a partir de argumentos racionais. Entre as poucas instituições de acesso gratuito, que disponibilizam a consulta a documentos e oferecem oportunidades para o aprendizado e convívio entre diferentes está a biblioteca pública. Desse modo, discutimos a contribuição dessa instituição para o fortalecimento da democracia, sendo um lugar onde os cidadãos podem ter contato com especialistas, consultar uma variedade de fontes e confrontar ideias e concepções de mundo a partir das atividades realizadas em seu espaço. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa da bibliografia selecionada, que inclui de autores consolidados nas Ciências Sociais a recentes pesquisas em Ciência da Informação, analisamos a capacidade de a biblioteca se constituir em um espaço público e estimular a ação coletiva. Diante da pouca valorização da biblioteca pública na atualidade, defendemos que a perspectiva adotada reforça a importância dessa instituição para a vida em comum e para o engajamento social.
Vantagem competitiva e gestão do conhecimento
Authors: Araújo Júnior Rogério Henrique de , Cândido Ana Clara
Published: January 2022

Discute a adoção de concepções administrativas de cunho gerencial em unidades de informação, sem a devida adequação aos seus objetivos precípuos. Afirma que essa postura pretende, entre outras coisas, trazer reconhecimento profissional e prestígio no âmbito dessas unidades para garantir a continuidade de sua prestação de serviços. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica que discute a aplicabilidade das propostas de gestão do conhecimento e da vantagem competitiva integradas à gestão da informação e conclui propondo três possibilidades de solução para a aplicação dessas abordagens gerenciais nas unidades de informação: I. Solução genérica; II. Solução intermediária; e III. Solução restrita. Por fim, vale ressaltar que a proposta da aplicação de gestão do conhecimento e da vantagem competitiva integradas à gestão da informação apresentadas neste estudo pretende contribuir para o amadurecimento de uma visão interdisciplinar, tendo como plano de fundo as unidades de informação.
“Ela canta, Pobre ceifeira”
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Emídio , Almeida Maria Geralda de
Published: January 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo uma análise geo-literária do poema “Ela canta, pobre Ceifeira”, de Fernando Pessoa, para mostrar a forma como, neste texto, o poeta faz uma representação da modernidade no espaço português nos anos iniciais do século XX. O poema é o olhar do poeta nos interstícios de uma paisagem camponesa que está à margem dos ideais de progresso. Os pressupostos teóricos que fundamentam nossa análise consistem nos estudos da Geografia humanista. A paisagem e o lugar são as duas categorias que auxiliaram para explorarmos a cena suscitada pelo poema. A análise geo-literária permite, por meio da poesia, perceber as incongruências de um projeto de modernidade reinante na Europa, no final do século XIX e início do século XX. A obra de Fernando Pessoa permite compreendermos os espaços no prisma do detalhe.
Cardiac Dysfunction and Arrhythmias 3 Months After Hospitalization for COVID‐19
Authors: Ingul Charlotte B. , Grimsmo Jostein , Mecinaj Albulena , Trebinjac Divna , Berger Nossen Magnus , Andrup Simon , Grenne Bjørnar , Dalen Håvard , Einvik Gunnar , Stavem Knut , Follestad Turid , Josefsen Tony , Omland Torbjørn , Jensen Torstein
Published: January 2022

Background

The extent of cardiac dysfunction post‐COVID‐19 varies, and there is a lack of data on arrhythmic burden.

Methods and Results

This was a combined multicenter prospective cohort study and cross‐sectional case‐control study. Cardiac function assessed by echocardiography in patients with COVID‐19 3 to 4 months after hospital discharge was compared with matched controls. The 24‐hour ECGs were recorded in patients with COVID‐19. A total of 204 patients with COVID‐19 consented to participate (mean age, 58.5 years; 44% women), and 204 controls were included (mean age, 58.4 years; 44% women). Patients with COVID‐19 had worse right ventricle free wall longitudinal strain (adjusted estimated mean difference, 1.5 percentage points; 95% CI, −2.6 to −0.5;
P
=0.005) and lower tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (−0.10 cm; 95% CI, −0.14 to −0.05;
P
<0.001) and cardiac index (−0.26 L/min per m
2
; 95% CI, −0.40 to −0.12;
P
<0.001), but slightly better left ventricle global strain (−0.8 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.2–1.3;
P
=0.008) compared with controls. Reduced diastolic function was twice as common compared with controls (60 [30%] versus 29 [15%], respectively; odds ratio, 2.4;
P
=0.001). Having dyspnea or fatigue were not associated with cardiac function. Right ventricle free wall longitudinal strain was worse after intensive care treatment. Arrhythmias were found in 27% of the patients, mainly premature ventricular contractions and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (18% and 5%, respectively).

Conclusions

At 3 months after hospital discharge with COVID‐19, right ventricular function was mildly impaired, and diastolic dysfunction was twice as common compared with controls. There was little evidence for an association between cardiac function and intensive care treatment, dyspnea, or fatigue. Ventricular arrhythmias were common, but the clinical importance is unknown.

Registration

URL:
http://clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique Identifier: NCT04535154.
Notes on the genus Lethe Hübner, 1819 from Nujiang valley, Yunnan, China, with description of a new subspecies (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)
Authors: HUANG SI-YAO , XIONG YUN , LI YING-CHUN , LI XIAN-FU , LANG SONG-YUN
Published: January 2022

Some new information on the genus Lethe Hübner, 1819 from Nujiang (upper Salween) valley, western Yunnan is provided. Lethe laodamia Leech, 1891 is recorded from this area for the first time, which turned out to be a new subspecies and described herein, viz. L. laodamia murasameae S.-Y. Huang & Lang ssp. n. Little known Lethe liae Huang, 2002 is rediscovered, and its relationship with its allied taxa is discussed. Adults and male genitalia of the aforementioned and related taxa are illustrated.
Chlorhexidine versus organoselenium for inhibition of S. mutans biofilm, an in vitro study
Authors: Seguya Abdul , Mowafy Mohamed , Gaballah Ahmed , Zaher Abbas
Published: January 2022

Background

Chemical Plaque control by antimicrobial agent application can defend the teeth against caries. S. mutans is considered the main etiologic factor for caries. This was an in vitro study to compare between the efficacy of chlorhexidine diaceteate varnish, and an organoselenium sealant, to prevent S. mutans biofilm formation on human teeth.

Methods

Fourty five premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 teeth each. One control group and two test groups, chlorhexidine diaceteate varnish and an organoselenium sealant. The teeth were autoclaved before S. mutans biofilm was induced on to each in their respective groups. The reading T1 was taken for each tooth to assess the number of S. mutans attached in order to compare for differences in surface area among the 3 groups. The respective test materials were applied onto the teeth and biofilm induced onto them in their respective groups. The reading T2 was taken for the 2 test groups. The 3 groups were then subjected to aging for a period equivalent to 5 months before the biofilm was induced to take the reading T3 for the number of S. mutans. We used vortexing of the teeth to disrupt the biofilm at time points T1, T2 and T3. S. mutans count was then done using PCR.

Results

There were significantly lower S. mutans counts in the control group as compared to the chlorhexidine diacetate group at T3.There were no other statistically significant differences found.

Conclusion

Both organoselenium and Chlorhexidine diacetate do not inhibit S. mutans biofilm attachment onto the teeth.
Factors affecting the consumption of iodized salt by pregnant women in Karachi
Authors: Shaikh Faryal , Ahmed Jafry Syed Imtiaz , Khan Asad Ali
Published: January 2022

Background and Objective: Globally iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) is a major preventable cause of cognitive impairment in new born. In developing countries, every year 38 million newborn develop cognitive impairment as a result of iodine deficiency. Iodine consumption by pregnant women is affected by many factors. Hence, we conducted this study to identify factors associated with IDD. To know the effects of different factors on use of iodized salt by pregnant women visiting antenatal outpatient department (OPD) at a public sector tertiary care hospital of Karachi.

Methods: Pregnant women (n=360) visiting antenatal OPD at public sector tertiary care hospital of Karachi were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Systematic random sampling method was employed. Data was collected from March 2017 to January 2018. Chi-square test was applied to identify factors associated with IDD.

Results: Thirty one (31% ) of pregnant women were consuming iodized salt in their homes. The percentage of participants who heard about iodized salt for the first time was 24%. Twelve percent (12%) reported that price of iodized salt is more than that of normal salt. Ninety eight (98%) of pregnant women replied that they were not informed about the importance of iodine or iodine requirement during pregnancy by their doctor or health care provider. A statistically significant association was observed between educational status (p=0.001) and household income (p<0.001) with the use of iodized salt.

Conclusion: Low education, low income of study participants are identified as factors related to limited consumption and incorrect practices related to the use of iodized salt. In order to address iodine deficiency, there is a need to not only sensitize the expectant mothers about the adverse outcome of maternal iodine deficiency for their unborn child but also to introduce an awareness program at the antenatal clinics by the Health Professional for the antenatal care seeking women. There is also an immense need of support from Government side as well to make strategies and policy changes at the national level to ensure the availability, accessibility and affordability of iodized salt.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.4991

How to cite this:Shaikh F, Jafry SIA, Khan AA. Factors affecting the consumption of iodized salt by pregnant women in Karachi. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.4991

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
H. S. Skovoroda’s Religious and Philosophical Ideas (interpreted by Mahdalyna Laslo-Kutsiuk)
Authors: Kaizer Iryna , Nastenko Olha , Nykyforuk Tetiana , Maksymiuk Marta , Antofiychuk Volodymyr
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Hryhorii Savych Skovoroda’s religious and philosophic ideas have attracted considerable attention in academic scientific discourse in postcommunist Ukraine. This is due not only to the humanistic-democratic paradigm of modern transformations in society, but also the methodological principles of historical and philosophical knowledge. We have tried to make a syncretic analysis of Skovoroda’s life and creativity based on the works of Romanian literary critic Mahdalyna Laslo-Kutsiuk (1928–2010), in particular by analysing the origins of Skovoroda’s philosophical doctrines, rethinking the Bible and specificity of his literary works.

Skovoroda’s greatness lies in the fact that without losing his identity against the background of a rather fundamental philosophical tradition in Ukraine, he occupied and still occupies perhaps the most avant-garde position. He was one of the first philosophers to restore and develope the phenomenon of wisdom in new European civilisation, which was removed by the overall project of rationally-epistemological and rationally-scientific interpretations of philosophy after the ancient times. Analysis of the latest studies of Slavic and Western investigations of Skovoroda shows that this branch is interdisciplinary. Philosophers, historians, culture experts, literary critics, specialists in the history of religion have studied the heritage of this prominent Ukrainian philosopher. Expansion of the methodological spectrum started in the 1990s, meaning that the art of Skovoroda should be apprehended as penetrating synthetic phenomena in which the essential components of the Baroque world-view are combined with the culture of late antiquity, patristic tradition and even European humanism.
Violence and Movement: Conflict, Genocide and the Darker Side of ‘Travel’
Authors: Hart Jonathan Locke
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Travel is often thought to be an adventure, an exploration, a way of knowing self and world, a break from the stresses of everyday life, a vacation. But there can be a dark side to travel, as in voyages that are part of invasion, conflict and enforced transport. Here, I wish to concentrate on conflict, domination, murder and genocide and do so, at various moments, by referring to the Norse sagas, including the encounter with the Skrælings in the New World and, more briefly, Columbus’ and the Spaniards’ violent treatment of the Natives in the New World and the German transport, torture and murder of Jews in the Shoah, or Holocaust.
Emotional addiction from the perspective of Gestalt therapy
Authors: Dubiel Piotr
Published: January 2022

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INSTYTUCJE OPIEKI W LUBLINIE W XIX WIEKU
Authors: Partyka Wiesław
Published: January 2022

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie różnych form opieki nad ludźmi ubogimi w Lublinie w XIX wieku. Praca ma na celu nie tylko przedstawienie pewnego stanu rzeczy, jaki istniał w danym okresie, ale również ukazanie dobrych praktyk, które mogą być inspiracją do podejmowania szeroko zakrojonych działań na rzecz pomocy drugiemu człowiekowi. W pracy wykorzystane zostały źródła archiwalne, źródła drukowane oraz literatura przedmiotowa. W omawianym okresie w Lublinie funkcjonowało kilka domów schronienia (przytułków) przeznaczonych dla ubogich różnych wyznań oraz ochronki dla dzieci polskich i żydowskich. Niektóre z tych instytucji miały proweniencję średniowieczną i w ciągu wieków ulegały różnym zmianom, a niektóre były odpowiedzią na bieżące potrzeby i powstawały jako wyraz zaangażowania społecznego szerokich warstw społecznych. Dzięki zaangażowaniu wielu środowisk, możliwe było udzielanie pomocy najbardziej potrzebującym, co przekładało się również na budowanie solidarności społecznej i miało wymiar giej zaś powstawały zręby nowoczesnego systemu opiekuńczego budowanego w oparciu o solidaryzm i wzajemną odpowiedzialność za drugiego człowieka. wychowawczy. W omawianym okresie opieka społeczna na skutek zmian społecznych, gospodarczych i politycznych zaczęła ulegać istotnym zmianom. Z jednej strony funkcjonował jeszcze przedrozbiorowy model opieki, z drugiej zaś powstawały zręby nowoczesnego systemu opiekuńczego budowanego w oparciu o solidaryzm i wzajemną odpowiedzialność za drugiego człowieka.
OD NAUCZYCIELA SZKOŁY ŚREDNIEJ DO NAUCZYCIELA AKADEMICKIEGO MIECZYSŁAWA ZIEMNOWICZA (1882–1971) DROGA DO KATEDRY PEDAGOGIKI
Authors: Szulakiewicz Władysława
Published: January 2022

Celem artykułu jest przypomnienie ważnej postaci życia pedagogicznego okresu międzywojennego i pierwszych trzech dziesięcioleci po II wojnie światowej. Był nim Mieczysław Ziemnowicz, germanista, nauczyciel szkół średnich, nauczyciel akademicki. W tekście zwrócono uwagę na te wątki biografii M. Ziemnowicza, które odnoszą się do drogi naukowej i działalności dydaktycznej. W artykule omówiono główne kierunki zainteresowań naukowych M. Ziemnowicza. Wyróżniono tematy podejmowane przez niego, traktując je jako ważne problemy i kategorie pedagogiczne. Artykuł przygotowano na podstawie źródeł archiwalnych, drukowanych, czasopism i opracowań.
From Dysarthria to Tetanus: Case Report and Diagnostic Considerations
Authors: Bilreiro Mariana , Marote Correia Luís
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Tetanus is a vaccine-preventable disease caused by a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium tetani that proliferates in wound sites. Toxin interference with neuromuscular function leads to spasms. Trismus, risus sardonicus and opisthotonus are classic features, but tetanus can begin with subtler symptoms. Case Description: An 80-year-old man presented with dysarthria. His medical history included hypertension and dyslipidaemia. No other neurological compromise was apparent on admission. Cranioencephalic computed tomography suggested pontine and mesencephalic ischaemia and stroke treatment was implemented. Two days later, the patient displayed dysphagia that required nasogastric intubation. The next day, he developed an apparent tonic seizure with respiratory distress refractory to diazepam and phenytoin, which required sedation and invasive mechanical ventilation. Ultimately, he manifested trismus and generalized spasms. Once the diagnosis of tetanus was established, he was given anti-tetanus immunoglobulin, tetanus toxoid vaccine and metronidazole. Magnetic resonance imaging did not reveal any brain injury. During his intensive care stay, he showed cardiovascular instability, developed nosocomial pneumonia, and required prolonged ventilator support and tracheostomy. He gradually improved during a 70-day hospital stay and regained his previous functional status. Discussion: Dysarthria in an older patient with known cerebrovascular risk factors in addition to possible brainstem ischaemia contributed to an incorrect diagnosis of acute ischaemic stroke. Early manifestations of tetanus can mimic focal deficits. The limitations of brainstem computed tomography should be kept in mind. Conclusion: Older patients present a broader range of signs suggesting tetanus, including a higher frequency of bulbar symptoms, on presentation. A careful anamnesis including previous vaccination history is key for identifying high-risk patients and to widen the differential diagnosis to include tetanus.
Dunya BinshaƔkam Dināra (Everything in the World Shall Perish)
Authors: Ajura Alhaj Yūsuf Ṣāliḥ
Published: January 2022

This chapter considers the poem “Dunya Binshaɣkam Dinara” as Afa Ajura's magnum opus, resembling a part of the Qur'an in terms of its length and varied subject matter. It discusses Afa Ajura's explanation of the five pillars of Islam, which is significant in the sense that he provides crucial instructions and things that would nullify them. It also illustrates the way Afa Ajura weaves Dagbon overlords into the poem as he acknowledges their greatness and depicts them as defeated and insignificant before the Almighty God. The chapter details the wedding practices in which Dagombas used to engage and the practice of tibbu, through which the local clerics managed to hold the population captive with regard to claims of solving their problems. It highlights Afa Ajura's narration and criticism of the northern women going to the mining town of Akotia in southern Ghana.
From Passive to Active: Gender and Atonement in Mary's Tours of Hell
Authors: Henning Meghan R.
Published: January 2022

Chapter 4 considers how both the early Christian traditions of “the descent of the Redeemer to hell” and the depictions of Mary in the dual role of mother and supplicant for the damned re-enact and subvert ancient expectations of the female body, simultaneously presenting Mary as mother-apostle-Redeemer. This chapter compares different traditions of the descent to hell from the 1st-6th centuries C.E. (all of which contain a male who descends) in order to reveal the way the author of the Apocalypse of Mary plays with the gender expectations of the genre in a novel historical context. This chapter also reads against previous scholarship which did not include early Christian apocalypses in discussions of the descent to hell.
Epilogue: Ancient Christian Hell's Afterlives
Authors: Henning Meghan R.
Published: January 2022

In ancient Christian depictions of hell the body became a way to write out a system of justice. We like to imagine that this gendered, violent scheme of justice is far removed from our world by time, space, Enlightenment reason, liberalism, and advances in human rights. But hell is not a distant heterotopia. The sediment of hell's logic is much nearer, present in the ways that we conceive social responsibilities, justice, and bodies....
From Spithead to Tao House
Authors: Brietzke Zander
Published: January 2022

The Cycle started as four plays, each focused on one of four brothers in the second half of the 1800s. Quickly, though, O’Neill decided to involve their parents (Simon and Sara Melody Harford) and added a fifth play to show how they met, and then a sixth play to dramatize their marriage and introduce their sons as small boys. Then, he added a seventh play that began at the turn of the twentieth century and ran almost to the time in which O’Neill wrote. Having gone as far forward as he could go, he next went back in history to feature the grandmother of the boys (Deborah Harford) as a young woman. Finally, he added a ninth play that went even further back to depict the three great aunts (the Blessed Sisters) of the four boys. O’Neill considered abandoning these last two plays due to their excessive length, but changed his mind and decided in 1940, between drafts of Long Day’s Journey Into Night, to divide and write them as four separate plays.