bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genomic Distance-based Rapid Uncovering of Microbial Population Structures (GRUMPS): a reference free genomic data cleaning methodology
Authors: Abram Kaleb Z. , Udaondo Zulema , Robeson Michael S. , Jun Se-Ran
Published: December 2022

Accurate datasets are crucial for rigorous large-scale sequence-based analyses such as those performed in phylogenomics and pangenomics. As the volume of available sequence data grows and the quality of these sequences varies, there is a pressing need for reliable methods to swiftly identify and eliminate low-quality and misidentified genomes from datasets prior to analysis. Here we introduce a robust, controlled, computationally efficient method for deriving species-level population structures of bacterial species, regardless of the dataset size. Additionally, our pipeline can classify genomes into their respective species at the genus level. By leveraging this methodology, researchers can rapidly clean datasets encompassing entire bacterial species and examine the sub-species population structures within the provided genomes. These cleaned datasets can subsequently undergo further refinement using a variety of methods to yield sequence sets with varying levels of diversity that faithfully represent entire species. Increasing the efficiency and accuracy of curation of species-level datasets not only enhances the reliability of downstream analyses, but also facilitates a deeper understanding of bacterial population dynamics and evolution.
Maternal microbes and early brain development in mouse
Authors: Yeo Xin Yi , Chae Woo Ri , Lee Hae Ung , Bae Han-Gyu , Pettersson Sven , Grandjean Joanes , Han Weiping , Jung Sangyong
Published: December 2022

The complex symbiotic relationship between the mammalian body and gut microbiome plays a critical role in the health outcomes of offspring later in life. The gut microbiome modulates virtually all physiological functions through direct or indirect interactions to maintain physiological homeostasis. Previous studies indicate a link between maternal/early-life gut microbiome, brain development, and behavioral outcomes relating to social cognition. Here we present direct evidence of the role of the gut microbiome in brain development. Through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we investigated the impact of the gut microbiome on brain organization and structure using germ-free (GF) mice and conventionalized mice, with the gut microbiome reintroduced after weaning. We found broad changes in brain volume in GF mice that persist despite the reintroduction of gut microbes at weaning. These data suggest a direct link between the maternal gut or early-postnatal microbe and their impact on brain developmental programming.
Voxelwise encoding models of body stimuli reveal a representational gradient from low-level visual features to postural features in extrastriate body area
Authors: Marrazzo Giuseppe , De Martino Federico , Lage-Castellanos Agustin , Vaessen Maarten J. , de Gelder Beatrice
Published: December 2022

Previous research has focused on the role of the extrastriate body area (EBA) in category-specific body representation, but the specific features that are represented in this area are not well understood. This study used ultra-high field fMRI and banded ridge regression to investigate the coding of body images by comparing the performance of three encoding models in predicting brain activity in ventral visual cortex and specifically the EBA. Our results suggest that EBA represents body stimuli based on a combination of low-level visual features and postural features.

Author Summary

Historically, research on body representation in the brain has focused on category-specific representation, using fMRI to investigate the most posterior body selective region, the extrastriate body area (EBA). However, the role of this area in body perception is still not well understood. This study aims to clarify the role of EBA, in coding information about body images. Using ultra-high field neuroimaging (fMRI) and advanced encoding techniques we tested different computational hypotheses to understand how body images are represented in EBA. Our results suggest that EBA represents bodies using a combination of low-level properties and postural information extracted from the stimulus.
Multi-scale dynamic imaging reveals that cooperative motility behaviors promote efficient predation in bacteria
Authors: Rombouts Sara , Mas Anna , Gall Antoine Le , Fiche Jean-Bernard , Mignot Tâm , Nollmann Marcelo
Published: December 2022

Many species, such as fish schools or bird flocks, rely on collective motion to forage, prey, or escape predators. Likewise,Myxococcus xanthusforages and moves collectively to prey and feed on other bacterial species. These activities require two distinct motility machines enabling adventurous (A) and social (S) gliding, however when and how these mechanisms are used has remained elusive. Here, we address this long-standing question by applying multiscale semantic cell tracking during predation. We show that: (1) foragers and swarms can comprise A- and S-motile cells, with single cells exchanging frequently between these groups; (2) A-motility is critical to ensure the directional movement of both foragers and swarms; (3) the combined action of A- and S-motile cells within swarms leads to increased predation efficiencies. These results challenge the notion that A- and S-motilities are exclusive to foragers and swarms, and show that these machines act synergistically to enhance predation efficiency.
Symmetry-breaking in adherent pluripotent stem cell-derived developmental patterns
Authors: Aguilar-Hidalgo Daniel , Ostblom Joel , Siu M Mona , McMaster Benjamin , Heydari Tiam , Werschler Nicolas , Tewary Mukul , Zandstra Peter
Published: December 2022

The emergence of the anterior-posterior body axis during early gastrulation constitutes a symmetry-breaking event, which is key to the development of bilateral organisms, and its mechanism remains poorly understood. Two-dimensional gastruloids constitute a simple and robust framework to study early developmental events in vitro. Although spontaneous symmetry breaking has been observed in three dimensional (3D) gastruloids, the mechanisms behind this phenomenon are poorly understood. We thus set out to explore whether a controllable 2D system could be used to reveal the mechanisms behind the emergence of asymmetry in patterned cellular structures. We first computationally simulated the emergence of organization in micro-patterned mouse pluripotent stem cell (mPSC) colonies using a Turing-like activator-repressor model with activator-concentration-dependent flux boundary condition at the colony edge. This approach allows the self-organization of the boundary conditions, which results in a larger variety of patterns than previously observed. We found that this model recapitulated previous results of centro-symmetric patterns in large colonies, and also that in simulated small colony sizes, patterns with spontaneous asymmetries emerged. Model analysis revealed reciprocal effects between diffusion and size of the colony, with model-predicted asymmetries in small pattern sizes being dominated by diffusion, and centro-symmetric patterns being size-dominated. To test these predictions, we performed experiments on micro-patterned mPSC colonies of different sizes stimulated with Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4), and used Brachyury (BRA)-GFP expressing cells as pattern readout. We found that while large colonies showed centro-symmetric BRA patterns, the probability of colony polarization increased with decreasing sizes, with a maximum polarization frequency of 35% at ∼200μm. These results indicate that a simple molecular activator-repressor system can provide cells with collective features capable of initiating a body-axes plan, and constitute a theoretical foundation for the engineering of asymmetry in developmental systems.
Shark liver and flaxseed oils as alternatives to soybean oil in the lipid quality of Japanese quail eggs
Authors: Meireles Bruno Raniere Lins de Albuquerque , Fonseca Sthelio Braga da , Grisi Cristiani Viegas Brandão , Madruga Marta Suely , Jordão Filho José , Pascoal Leonardo Augusto Fonseca , Soledade Luiz Edmundo Bastos , da Silva José Humberto Vilar
Published: December 2022

Purpose

The objective of this study was to assess the incorporation of polyunsaturated omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids in the eggs of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) fed with soybean, flaxseed and shark liver oils, as well as to assess their effects on the chemical composition and lipid quality of the yolks.

Design/methodology/approach

The total of 252 units of quails were distributed in a completely randomized design with seven treatments and six replications, totaling 42 experimental design units. The sources of oils and their inclusions in the experimental diet were 2% of soybean oil (S), 2% of flaxseed oil (L) and 2% shark liver oil (T), obtained from the species Carcharhinus acronotus, and the mixtures of 1% S + 1% L (SL); 1% S + 1% T (ST); 1% L + 1% T (LT) and 0.67% S + 0.67% L + 0.67% T (SLT).

Findings

The proximate composition of the egg yolk was not changed to the supplementation of lipid sources added in quail diet. The total replacement of soybean oil by shark liver oil reduced the cholesterol content in the yolk by 19% (T = 282.97 mg cholesterol/100 g egg) and the addition of flaxseed oil produced eggs with greater amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (LS = 18.32%). The treatments with flaxseed oil and its mixtures (soybean oil + flaxseed oil and flaxseed oil + shark liver oil) effectively contributed to reducing the ω-6:ω-3 ratio and enriching the quail eggs with PUFAs, especially linolenic acid (18: 3n3c) and EPA (20: 5n3c).

Originality/value

Thus, manipulation in the diet of quails enriched the content of essential PUFAs and reduced the cholesterol content in the yolk. The flaxseed oil was the lipid source that influenced to improve the quality of the egg yolk. These results have practical applicability for the quail egg industry.
Diversifying gender equity in leadership in public relations: the role of mentoring and instrumental support at the organizational level
Authors: Meng Juan , Neill Marlene S.
Published: December 2022

Purpose

The rise of a professional career presents women in today's public relations profession an intense challenge in balancing professional and family responsibilities. Therefore, this study is motivated to investigate female public relations professionals' perceptions of work–family conflict in their daily life. Specifically, the authors focused the research on women working in the professions of communication and public relations in the United States.

Design/methodology/approach

An online survey was designed and conducted in the United States. The final sample includes 512 women working full-time in public relations and communication. In addition, the authors pre-specified several demographic quotas in sampling design in order to recruit a diverse group of female professionals nationwide.

Findings

The findings of this research study confirmed that female professionals have to constantly make changes to their plans for family activities when there is a conflict due to work-related duties. Such impact is particularly intense for professionals in the age bracket of 31–40. They have to use a wide variety of coping strategies to manage the work–family conflict. Findings in the present research study confirmed the critical role of mentoring in providing extra support and to help junior female professionals find coping solutions. Effective mentor–mentee networks can be established and used as valuable resources to support women in managing work–family conflict.

Originality/value

By investigating current female professionals' perceptions on work–life conflict and their adoption of relevant coping strategies in the workplace, this research provides solid evidence that organizations should dedicate efforts in providing strong support in programs and policies and makes the options available to female professionals at all levels. The present research highlights the importance of building mentor–mentee relationships as an effective supportive approach when managing work–family conflict.
“I will learn from my mistakes if we are close and supportive”: a moderated-mediating model of learning from mistakes
Authors: Kwok Man Lung Jonathan , Kwong Raymond
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This study aims to identify the antecedents of learning from mistakes within the student group work setting. Specifically, this study provides empirical evidence of how team–member exchange (TMX) positively leads to learning from mistakes via person-focused interpersonal citizenship behaviours (ICBs) and of the boundary condition of intellect of this indirect relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

Cross-sectional survey data were collected from 189 new business undergraduate students at a Hong Kong higher education institute. PROCESS Macro (Hayes, 2013) and bootstrapping with 5,000 resamples were conducted to analyse the moderated mediation model.

Findings

The authors found that high levels of TMX within a group positively related to person-focused ICBs and learning from mistakes. Moreover, the bootstrapping results showed that there was an indirect effect of TMX and learning from mistakes via person-focused ICBs. The presence of students with high intellect strengthened this indirect relationship.

Originality/value

Whereas many studies have examined the development of students’ employability skills, most have ignored the importance of learning from mistakes, which is considered to be a soft employability skill and an important attribute in the workplace. Moreover, the factors that facilitate students’ learning from mistakes are unclear. This study is the first to identify the antecedents of learning from mistakes by adopting social exchange, reciprocity and social information processing (SIP) theories.
Geometrical analysis in material extrusion process with polylactic acid (PLA)+carbon fiber
Authors: Bermudo Gamboa Carolina , Martín Béjar Sergio , Trujillo Vilches Francisco Javier , Sevilla Hurtado Lorenzo
Published: December 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to cover the influence of selected printing parameters at a macro and micro-geometrical level, focusing on the dimensions, geometry and surface of printed parts with short carbon fibers reinforced PLA. For this case study, a hollow cylindrical shape is considered, aiming to cover the gap detected in previous works analyzed.

Design/methodology/approach

Nowadays, additive manufacturing plays a very important role in the manufacturing industry, as can be seen through its numerous research and applications that can be found. Within the engineering industry, geometrical tolerances are essential for the functionality of the parts and their assembly, but the variability in three-dimensional (3D) printing makes dimensional control a difficult task. Constant development in 3D printing allows, more and more, printed parts with controlled and narrowed geometrical deviations and tolerances. So, it is essential to continue narrowing the studies to achieve the optimal printed parts, optimizing the manufacturing process as well.

Findings

Results present the relation between the selected printing parameters and the resulting printed part, showing the main deviations and the eligible values to achieve a better tolerance control. Also, from these results obtained, we present a parametric model that relates the geometrical deviations considered in this study with the printing parameters. It can provide an overview of the piece before printing it and so, adjusting the printing parameters and reducing time and number of printings to achieve a good part.

Originality/value

The main contribution is the study of the geometry selected under a 3D printing process, which is important because it considers parts that are created to fit together and need to comply with the required tolerances. Also, we consider that the parametric model can be a suitable approach to selecting the optimal printing parameters before printing.
Steels and Alloys Developed for Use at Elevated Temperatures in Petroleum Refineries as Still Tubes and Other Parts
Authors: Morton B. B.
Published: December 2022

This paper outlines the steps which have been taken in the development of steels and alloys for use at elevated temperatures. Various tests, such as creep, rupture, and relaxation, which have been used in this development, are briefly discussed. A review is also given of the effects of the different alloying elements upon the steels and alloys.
Pre-Exhaust-Gas-Pressure Measurements for Indicating Diesel-Engine Performance
Authors: Jennings B. H. , Jackson T. E.
Published: December 2022

The pressure existing just before exhaust in a Diesel engine is shown to be significant as a means of indicating load adjustments in a multicylinder engine. This paper explains the theory and method used in obtaining these pre-exhaust pressures, along with the supporting data from an extensive series of tests. These tests were conducted at Lehigh University on both two-stroke-cycle multicylinder engines and a four-stroke-cycle single-cylinder C.F.R. test engine. Under definite known conditions of injection, timing, and compression ratio it was found possible to evaluate both indicated and brake horsepower in terms of pre-exhaust pressure. Experimental work in progress shows that the same method is applicable to spark-ignition engines.
Design of Diesel-Engine Foundations
Authors: Larkin Kenneth H.
Published: December 2022

In this paper the author discusses all of the factors encountered in the layout, design, and construction of foundations for stationary Diesel engines of the vertical type. The factor requiring the greatest attention and consideration of designers is that of reducing or isolating the vibration of the engine. This matter is treated comprehensively. The author applies accepted theories and engineering principles to the problems. As in most engineering problems, the exercise of sound judgment enters to a large extent. The paper is presented in outline form, the subject matter following the sequence generally encountered in an actual design.
Hydraulic Characteristics of Fuel-Injection Nozzles
Authors: Zahn O. F.
Published: December 2022

This paper makes use of both new and previously published material in studying the hydraulic actions and limitations of fuel-injection nozzles. The primary function, hydraulically, of such a nozzle is to inject all portions of the fuel at velocities above a certain minimum necessary for atomization. The most serious factor tending to prevent this is the wide range of speeds found in present small Diesel engines. It is found that the closed nozzle meets the requirements of speed flexibility better than the simple open type, and that the variable-area-orifice closed nozzle is a further improvement over the plain-hole closed nozzle. The effects on the rate of injection and minimum regular quantity of injection are noted.
The Effect of Diametral Clearance on the Load Capacity of a Journal Bearing
Authors: Burwell J. T.
Published: December 2022

It has been found that there is an optimum value of the diameter-clearance ratio of a journal bearing for any given applied load. When the ratio has this value, operation is characterized by a minimum temperature rise in the bearing and a constant value of the Sommerfeld variable (DC)2μNP. These values of the diameter-clearance ratio, while considerably larger than those used in commercial practice, are quite possible of attainment by present machining methods. The use of these closer fits will result in increased load capacities and lower operating temperatures. The present paper is devoted to an investigation of the effect of D/C on the load capacity in a quantitative manner, considering both the hydrodynamic and thermodynamic aspects of bearing operation.
Some Problems in the Selection and Operation of Centrifugal Pumps for Oil and Gasoline Pipe Lines
Authors: Hollander A.
Published: December 2022

During the 15 years since they were first introduced, high-pressure motor-driven centrifugal pumps have been adopted to an ever greater extent in crude-oil trunk lines. Since the inception of gasoline trunk lines six years ago, centrifugal pumps have been exclusively used in this service. This paper deals with the basic principles of developing pumping stations of suitable capacity under present conditions and mentions future improvements contemplated. Today, trunk-line centrifugal pumps include units having capacities from 5000 to 125,000 bbl per day, working against pressures of 300 to 1100 psi, driven by two-pole induction motors of 200 to 900 hp. Units proposed for the National Defense Pipe Line will have 250,000 bbl per day capacity against 775 psi, operating three single-stage pumps in series, each driven by a 1300-hp motor. The procedure followed by the pump designer in developing units to meet given requirements is outlined, together with details of the resulting characteristics. Discussion of trunk-line operating schedules is included, and finally a method is given for solving pipe-line-pumping problems.
The Foren Mill for Rolling Seamless Tubes Achieves Virtually Continuous Production
Authors: Wrage E. W.
Published: December 2022

This paper deals with the development of the Foren tube-rolling process, details of the first experimental unit, and the problems which required solution in making it commercially practicable. Operation of the present unit, which is based on straight-line production methods, is described. Automatic controls for practically all operations have been developed, which makes possible the reduction of personnel to a minimum.
Report on Tubular Creep Tests
Authors: Norton F. H. , Soderberg C. R.
Published: December 2022

This report comprises the results obtained on tubular specimens tested under internal pressure as measured for circumferential and longitudinal creep. In addition, tensile-test specimens of the same material were run as a comparison. This work follows closely an investigation’ reported upon previously. The apparatus and method of testing are exactly as described in that report. Preliminary reports were presented at the 1940 Annual Meeting.
Morphometric constraints on the formation of new terrestrial analogs for planetary pits
Authors: Naor R. , Mushkin A. , Halevy I.
Published: December 2022

The origin of geological depressions abounding on Mars and other planetary bodies remains poorly understood, partially due to the limited variability in the geological settings of existing terrestrial analogs. Here, we present a new terrestrial analog that is located at the northwestern margin of the Levantine volcanic field of Harrat Ash−Shaam along the Dead Sea Transform. The analog site consists of tens of geological depressions (locally named “juba”) that morphologically resemble Martian bowl-shaped pits and occur within a Pleistocene basaltic plateau that overlies Meso-Cenozoic carbonates. To constrain plausible formation mechanisms for the juba depressions, we carried out detailed field mapping and morphometric analyses using a 0.25 m/pixel digital terrain model (DTM) derived from airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) survey covering 34 km2 of the study area, and centimeter-scale, ground-based LiDAR scans of selected juba depressions. We show that variable magnitudes of slope asymmetry between north- and south-facing walls within the juba depressions, along with different degrees of sediment infilling, provide effective proxies for the relative geomorphic maturity of these landforms, and in turn indicate asynchronous formation of the juba depressions after the Pleistocene emplacement of the Harrat Ash−Shaam basalts in the study area. Our findings preclude formation of the juba depressions by phreatomagmatic explosions and instead point toward collapse into missing subsurface volume. In a broader context, we propose that the morphometric analyses developed herein to distinguish between plausible juba formation mechanisms in the Harrat Ash−Shaam volcanic field can be extended to better constrain the formation mechanisms of similar pit features on Mars and other planetary bodies.
Joint exposure to parental cancer and income loss during childhood and the child’s socioeconomic position in early adulthood: a Danish and Norwegian register-based cohort study
Authors: Klinte Mathilde , Hermansen Åsmund , Andersen Anne-Marie Nybo , Urhoj Stine Kjaer
Published: December 2022

Background

Parental cancer as well as economic hardship in the family during childhood can affect the child negatively. Our aim was to examine the association between the joint exposure to parental cancer and income loss in childhood and the child’s socioeconomic position in early adulthood.

Methods

We conducted a register-based prospective cohort study of children born in Denmark between 1978 and 1986 and in Norway between 1979 and 1987. The children were followed from 1 January 1994 (in Denmark) or 1995 (in Norway). Educational level and personal income were measured at age 30 years. Children who experienced parental cancer between the years they turned 8 and 16 years were identified, and exposure to income loss was measured in the same period. Adjusted multinomial logistic regression model was used to estimate relative risk ratios for the joint exposure of parental cancer and income loss during childhood.

Results

Children who experienced parental cancer and an income loss during childhood had an increased risk of low education and lower income at age 30 years. The associations were weaker for children only exposed to income loss and less clear for those only exposed to parental cancer. Further, exposure to parental cancer with a severe cancer type was associated with lower educational level.

Conclusion

The child’s educational attainment and income level in early adulthood were negatively affected by exposure to income loss in childhood, and even more so if exposed to both parental cancer and income loss. The associations with educational attainment were stronger for more severe cancer types.
Population-based analysis ofPOT1variants in a cutaneous melanoma case–control cohort
Authors: Simonin-Wilmer Irving , Ossio Raul , Leddin Emmett M , Harland Mark , Pooley Karen A , Martil de la Garza Mauricio Gerardo , Obolenski Sofia , Hewinson James , Wong Chi C , Iyer Vivek , Taylor John C , Newton-Bishop Julia A , Bishop D Timothy , Cisneros Gerardo Andrés , Iles Mark M , Adams David J , Robles-Espinoza Carla Daniela
Published: December 2022

Pathogenic germline variants in the protection of telomeres 1 gene (POT1) have been associated with predisposition to a range of tumour types, including melanoma, glioma, leukaemia and cardiac angiosarcoma. We sequenced all coding exons of thePOT1gene in 2928 European-descent melanoma cases and 3298 controls, identifying 43 protein-changing genetic variants. We performed POT1-telomere binding assays for all missense and stop-gained variants, finding nine variants that impair or disrupt protein–telomere complex formation, and we further define the role of variants in the regulation of telomere length and complex formation through molecular dynamics simulations. We determine thatPOT1coding variants are a minor contributor to melanoma burden in the general population, with only about 0.5% of melanoma cases carrying germline pathogenic variants in this gene, but should be screened in individuals with a strong family history of melanoma and/or multiple malignancies.
Radial Basis Function-Based Differential Quadrature Approach to Study Reaction–Diffusion of Ca2+ in T Lymphocyte
Authors: Bhardwaj Hemant , Adlakha Neeru
Published: December 2022

T lymphocytes have a primary role in both health and disease. Extracellular and intracellular signals determine whether a T-cell activates different cells, divides, or begins apoptosis. The reaction–diffusion process of Ca2+ ions is critical for the initiation, sustenance, and termination of the immunological function of T cell. A nonlinear spatio-temporal dynamics of Ca2+ in T cells is modeled incorporating parameters Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) pump, Ryanodine receptor, source amplitude, and buffers. A numerical meshless approach using multiquadric radial basis functions (MQRBF), differential quadrature, and Runge–Kutta method is developed for the solution. The results obtained here give better insights of calcium dynamics in T cells.
Democratizing Domain-Specific Computing
Authors: Chi Yuze , Qiao Weikang , Sohrabizadeh Atefeh , Wang Jie , Cong Jason
Published: December 2022

Creating a programming environment and compilation flow that empowers programmers to create their own DSAs efficiently and affordably on FPGAs.
ACE
Authors: Wang Luhui , Zhao Cong , Yang Shusen , Yang Xinyu , Mccann Julie
Published: December 2022

Constructing a unified platform for the scalable, reliable, robust, and efficient development and deployment of ECCI applications.
A Comprehensive Survey and Taxonomy on Single Image Dehazing Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Gui Jie , Cong Xiaofeng , Cao Yuan , Ren Wenqi , Zhang Jun , Zhang Jing , Cao Jiuxin , Tao Dacheng
Published: December 2022

With the development of convolutional neural networks, hundreds of deep learning–based dehazing methods have been proposed. In this article, we provide a comprehensive survey on supervised, semi-supervised, and unsupervised single image dehazing. We first discuss the physical model, datasets, network modules, loss functions, and evaluation metrics that are commonly used. Then, the main contributions of various dehazing algorithms are categorized and summarized. Further, quantitative and qualitative experiments of various baseline methods are carried out. Finally, the unsolved issues and challenges that can inspire the future research are pointed out. A collection of useful dehazing materials is available at
https://github.com/Xiaofeng-life/AwesomeDehazing
.
Robust Topological Construction of All-hexahedral Boundary Layer Meshes
Authors: Reberol Maxence , Verhetsel Kilian , Henrotte François , Bommes David , Remacle Jean-François
Published: December 2022

We present a robust technique to build a topologically optimal all-hexahedral layer on the boundary of a model with arbitrarily complex ridges and corners. The generated boundary layer mesh strictly respects the geometry of the input surface mesh, and it is optimal in the sense that the hexahedral valences of the boundary edges are as close as possible to their ideal values (local dihedral angle divided by 90°). Starting from a valid watertight surface mesh (all-quad in practice), we build a global optimization integer programming problem to minimize the mismatch between the hexahedral valences of the boundary edges and their ideal values. The formulation of the integer programming problem relies on the duality between boundary hexahedral configurations and triangulations of the disk, which we reframe in terms of integer constraints. The global problem is solved efficiently by performing combinatorial branch-and-bound searches on a series of sub-problems defined in the vicinity of complicated ridges/corners, where the local mesh topology is necessarily irregular because of the inherent constraints in hexahedral meshes. From the integer solution, we build the topology of the all-hexahedral layer, and the mesh geometry is computed by untangling/smoothing. Our approach is fully automated, topologically robust, and fast.
Investigation of Involvement between Specific Brain Regions and Evaluation Criteria Elements in a Two-Selections Task
Authors: Mitani Keita , Hoshino Yukinobu
Published: December 2022

It is essential to understand the neural mechanisms underlying human decision-making. Several studies using traditional analysis have attempted to explain the neural mechanisms associated with decision-making based on abstract rewards. However, brain-decoding research that utilizes the multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) method, especially research focusing on decision-making, remains limited. In brain analysis, decoding strategies for multivoxels are required for various decision-making evaluation criteria. This is because in daily life, the human decision-making process makes use of many evaluation criteria. In the present study, we investigated the representation of evaluation criterion categories in a decision-making process using functional magnetic resonance imaging and MVPA. Participants performed a decision-making task that involved choosing a smartphone by referring to four types of evaluation criteria. The regions of interest (ROIs) were the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), nucleus accumbens (NAcc), and insula. Each combination of the four evaluation criteria was analyzed based on a binary classification using MVPA. From the binary classification accuracy obtained from MVPA, the regions that reflected differences in the evaluation criteria among the ROIs were evaluated. The results of the binary classification in the vmPFC and NAcc indicated that these regions can express evaluation criteria in decision-making processes.
The Ethanolic Extract of Lindera aggregata Modulates Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Alleviates Ethanol-Induced Acute Liver Inflammation and Oxidative Stress SIRT1/Nrf2/NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Zhao Xin , Tan MingMing , He YiChen , Pan Yi , Fan XinLi , Ye LuYi , Liu LongCai , Fu LuoQin
Published: December 2022

This study is an attempt to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the ethanolic extract of Lindera aggregata on the liver and intestinal microbiota in rats with alcohol-induced liver injury (ALI). Rats were treated with 70 mg probiotics, 1 g/kg, 2 g/kg, and 3 g/kg ethanolic extract of Lindera aggregata, respectively, for 10 days. We found that Lindera aggregata could significantly reduce the biochemical parameters in the serum of ALD rats. Lindera aggregata alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation by upregulating SIRT1 and Nrf2 and downregulating COX2 and NF-κB. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the medium dose of Lindera aggregata had the best effect on the growth of beneficial bacteria. Diversity analysis and LEfSe analysis showed that beneficial bacteria gradually occupied the dominant niche. The relative abundance of potential pathogens in the gut decreased significantly. We demonstrated that the ethanolic extract of Lindera aggregata can alleviate the oxidative stress and inflammation induced by alcohol through the SIRT1/Nrf2/NF-κB pathway and can modulate the disturbance of gut microbiota induced by alcohol intake.
A Case Report of Purtscher-Like Retinopathy Secondary to Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in an Immunocompromised Patient
Authors: Bezzina Alastair David , Bertuello Isaac
Published: December 2022

To the best of our knowledge, we present the first case of a young adult male, on long-term immunosuppressive therapy following a live-donor kidney transplant, with Purtscher-like retinopathy (PLR) secondary to Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP). The patient had presented to a routine medical follow-up and complained of a few weeks’ history of dyspnoea and tachycardia after minimal exertion followed by acute bilateral blurring of vision. Unfortunately, the patient did not respond to a trial of corticosteroid treatment and subsequently became severely visually impaired. This case report expands the aetiological spectrum behind PLR and helps portray the disease process which, in some cases, leads to severe ischaemic sequelae.
Role of Cobalt Doping on the Physical Properties of CdO Nanocrystalline Thin Films for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Bairy Raghavendra , Somayaji Ananthakrishna , Marakala Narasimha , Devadiga Udaya , Rajesh M. , Wal John Chuol
Published: December 2022

In the current work, the authors aim to present an insight on the role of cobalt (Co) doping for the structural, morphological, and linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of CdO thin films. The films were prepared using the spray pyrolysis (SP) technique, and the weight % of Co (x) was varied from 0–10. The structural properties of the films were confirmed by the powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD) studies and are polycrystalline with a cubic structure and a lattice parameter of 0.4658 nm. As Co content in CdO films increases, cluster grain size and porosity decrease significantly, as seen in surface topographic and nanostructural analysis. Through the Burstein–Moss shift, the optical band gap “Eg” in Co: CdO film decreases from 2.52 to 2.05 eV with the increase in Co-doping. To study the NLO parameters, open aperture (OA) and closed aperture (CA) Z-scan measurements were performed using the diode-pumped solid-state continuous wave laser excitation (532 nm), and with the increased Co-content, the NLO parameters—nonlinear absorption coefficient (β∼10−3 cm/W), nonlinear refractive index

n

2

 
∼

10−8 cm2/W), and the 3rd-order NLO susceptibility

χ

3

∼

10−7 to 10−6 e.s.u.) values were determined and found to be enhanced. The maximum NLO parameters achieved in the present study with increasing Co concentration on CdO nanostructures prepared by the SP method are found to be the highest among the reported values and suggest that processed films are a capable material for optoelectronic sensor applications.
Desarrollo Curricular: de la teoría a la práctica
Authors: Basauri Savelli Sofía , Assef Marcela
Published: December 2022

El desarrollo curricular es una forma de organizar un programa educacional, que puede aplicarse tanto a un curso acotado, como a una carrera profesional completa. En éste se consideran aspectos como los resultados de aprendizaje, las estrategias de enseñanza y de evaluación, así como el ambiente educacional y las experiencias de docentes y estudiantes. Un concepto básico que se debe tener en cuenta a la hora de construir un currículum efectivo es el de alinear constructivamente los diferentes elementos que lo componen, de forma que los resultados de aprendizaje planteados sean coherentes con las estrategias de enseñanza y aprendizaje, y los instrumentos de evaluación.
Con el fin de lograr aprendizajes efectivos, en las últimas décadas han surgido diversas tendencias curriculares, que tienen como característica común el ofrecer herramientas para que los estudiantes tomen un rol activo en su propio desarrollo profesional.
Este artículo entrega de forma breve, en base a la literatura disponible, las bases teóricas de diferentes tendencias curriculares (Educación basada en competencias, Individualización del aprendizaje, Aprendizaje auto dirigido, Educación basada en problemas, Integración curricular y Educación interprofesional), que se pueden incorporar al programa de formación para profesionales de la salud con el fin de potenciarlo, tanto en pregrado como en postgrado.  Se sugieren, además, formas prácticas de aplicar estas innovaciones.
Transformation of Al-Ghazzali’s Thinking from Rational to Suphistic Trends
Authors: Zayyadi Ahmad , Sofwan Sofwan , Basit Abdul
Published: December 2022

Talking about the transformation of Al-Ghazali's thought from rational to Sufistic tendencies is not as easy as al-Ghazali's changing the character of thought, but it requires a very long process. One of the indicators is that in 488 H. (1095 AD) al-Ghazali was in doubt, skeptical of the sciences he was studying. This skeptical state made al-Ghazali undergo quite drastic changes. Not a physical change, but/transformation of his thoughts, which at first tended to be rational and philosophical, in the end he chose the Sufi tendency as the character of his thinking. This article is of a library research nature and uses a historical approach to al-Ghazali's rational-sufistic epistemology with the theory of transformation in al-Ghazali's intellectual history from rational to sufistic in nature with a cross-disciplinary model, namely by combining rational and sufictic into one unified whole. , so that the hope is to emerge "neo Ghazzalian" in the sense of understanding al-Ghazzali's thought as a whole and not partially, so that the results of this paper actually reconstruct al-Gahzzali's thought as a whole by providing fresh knowledge for the development of classical Islamic thought and contemporary.
Tax Review Models and Working Papers in the Framework of Preparation for A Tax Audit (Case Study PT BJS)
Authors: Wauran Anita Ludia Vivian , Langi Treesje Amelia Clara , Wagiu Decire Dumingkan , Lasut Jeane Christine , Rengku Jeffry , Kaligis Steve
Published: December 2022

The existence of an examination letter addressed to the Industry as a taxpayer is a scourge that is very much feared by every taxpayer as a business actor receiving income. The existence of an audit means problems for the Industry as a taxpayer, ignorance of the rules and mistakes that may occur either intentionally or unintentionally in reporting Industrial taxes will eventually become a very feared scourge. The existence of payment of the principal tax that must be paid after the tax audit, as well as very large fines and sanctions due to the reporting errors in a very large amount, has disrupted the cash flow of the industry. So as to minimize errors and confusion in tax reports regarding fiscal financial reports that are reported to the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) in the form of SPT, then prior to the existence of an audit letter it is better to hold a tax review contained in the working papers, to review or examine what tax obligations are inherent in every transaction that is in the commercial financial reports produced by the Industry, prior to reporting taxes. So that if there is a tax audit by the DGT on income from these business activities, a review or review of the tax payable that may exist in every transaction of the Industry's financial statements has been carried out beforehand, so that fines or sanctions that may arise can be minimized or prevented from the start. Ignorance of the need for a tax review model by the Industry made researchers conduct research on the tax review model and working papers in accordance with applicable tax regulations, in the face of a tax audit for Industry as a taxpayer and IDUKA.

This research method uses a qualitative descriptive method, which begins with designing a tax review in working papers for financial reports prepared by the industry as a taxpayer.

The results of this study produce a tax review model with audit work papers in preparing tax audits which are expected to assist taxpayers in planning corporate taxes.
Entre a praça e o largo: artistas e intelectuais na formação de dois “berços” do samba
Authors: Siqueira Renata Monteiro , Cesar Rafael do Nascimento
Published: December 2022

Comparando a Praça Onze e o Largo da Banana, este artigo analisa as negociações assimétricas entre sambistas negros e intelectuais brancos na consolidação desses espaços como “berços” do samba, conduzidas nos Museu da Imagem e do Som do Rio de Janeiro e de São Paulo. Projetos de história oral realizados entre os anos 1960 e 1980 ambicionavam formalizar uma narrativa a partir dos mesmos parâmetros acerca da autenticidade da cultura popular, mas produziram efeitos diversos, relacionados com o modo como as identidades étnico-raciais se constituíram nas duas cidades.[Este artigo resulta de reflexões conjuntas relacionadas com nossas pesquisas de doutorado, financiadas pela Fapesp (Processos n. 16/ 26239-8 e 16/02062-1), e com o pós-doutorado realizado no Lemann Center for Brazilian Studies da University of Illinois pela autora. Agradecemos a essas instituições os financiamentos dos projetos.]
A good practice: why we should suggest vernacular names for new plant species
Authors: MARINHO LUCAS C. , SCATIGNA ANDRÉ V.
Published: December 2022

Here we discuss the importance of vernacular names and encourage authors of new plant species to propose “suggested vernacular names” along with the new species description in cases that there are no vernacular names known. It is not our intention to propose new rules, but we provide recommendations to ensure inclusion of local peoples and dissemination of scientific knowledge when suggesting a vernacular name. We believe that the suggestion of vernacular names in the original publication of a new species would help in [1] minimizing proliferation of common names in the same language when knowledge on the species becomes widely publicized; [2] communicating with lay audience inside and outside the country, where linguistic variations could be applied, but starting from a reference, i.e., the taxonomist’s suggestion; [3] disseminating important information about the new species and the work of the taxonomist; [4] raising awareness about the conservation of the species and its habitat, when the image of this species is widely linked to non-academic media; and [5] promoting inclusion in and popularization of science.
Lyophyllum pallidofumosum sp. nov. (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales), from southwestern China
Authors: MA YUANHAO , LIU PING , ZHAO ZIYUE , CHEN WEIMIN , ZHAO YONGCHANG
Published: December 2022

We describe a new species of Lyophyllum based on the morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses. The species is widely distributed above ca. 2000 m in mixed forests dominated by Pinus yunnanensis, Pinus armandi, and Quercus fabrei in Yunnan Province. It can be distinguished by its greyish orange pileus surface, margin with waves when old; globose to subglobose spores (4.5–5.6 × 4.3–5.4 µm), clavate basidia (25–34 × 7–9 µm). Moreover, the growth rate of cultured mycelia of the species in the YPD medium is higher than that of L. decastes complex species under the same conditions. Phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large ribosomal subunit (LSU) regions of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) indicated that L. pallidofumosum is a distinct taxon closely related to L. fumosum and L. shimeji.
A new species of Deamia (Cactaceae) from Nicaragua
Authors: HAMMEL BARRY , ARIAS SALVADOR
Published: December 2022

Deamia funis sp. nov. (Cactaceae) from Nicaragua, in the Mesoamerican region, is described and illustrated based on morphological data. The new species is characterized by its often long, dangling (ropey), and relatively narrow, multiribbed stems with relatively small flowers like those of D. chontalensis, but with the stigma exerted among or slightly beyond the anthers as occurs in D. montalvoae and D. testudo.
A new genus, three new species and a new species record of Epipaschiinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from India
Authors: RANJAN RAHUL , SINGH NAVNEET , KIRTI JAGBIR SINGH
Published: December 2022

In the present manuscript, a new genus Atkinomus Ranjan, N. Singh & Kirti, gen. nov. is established and described for a new species Atkinomus parilis Ranjan, N. Singh & Kirti, sp. nov. from Sikkim, India. Additionally, two new species, Arcanusa confusa Ranjan, N. Singh & Kirti, sp. nov. (Sikkim) and Lamida whitakeri Ranjan, N. Singh & Kirti, sp. nov. (Sikkim, Uttarakhand) are described. Lamida buruensis Janse, 1931 is reported for the first time from India. Differential diagnoses and photographs of adults and male genitalia are provided.
Taxonomy of the leafhopper genus Favintiga (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Drabescini) with description of a new species from China
Authors: XU DELIANG , ZHANG YALIN
Published: December 2022

The leafhopper genus Favintiga Webb (Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Drabescini: Paraboloponina) is reviewed with description of a new species, Favintiga polyacantha sp. nov., from China (Hainan). A checklist with distributions and a key to males of this genus are provided. Type specimens are deposited in the Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China (NWAFU).