bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimentación Virtual para el Logro de Aprendizajes Significativos en la Solución de Problemas de Cinemática
Authors: Vargas López Gricelda Patricia
Published: January 2025

Se presenta una propuesta de implementación de estrategias de experimentación virtual, con el objetivo de propiciar el aprendizaje significativo de modelos matemáticos de cinemática en estudiantes de física del nivel medio superior a través de una metodología de resolución de problemas, donde se analizan las actuaciones de los estudiantes cuando resuelven situaciones problemáticas experimentales con el uso de la computadora, la metodología es compleja dado el número de condiciones que intervienen y real porque se estudia en un contexto real, siendo la investigación de perspectiva cualitativa. En los resultados se identifican las competencias que desarrolló el alumno al trabajar por proyectos en la implementación de la experimentación virtual y son: desarrollo de la definición y afrontamiento de problemas reales, cooperación, trabajo en equipos, comunicación verbal y escrita y autoevaluación, para el análisis reflexivo.
STUDENT AND CORPORATE CONNECT - THE WAY FORWARD
Authors: Alphonso Ablin Joanes Carneiro
Published: January 2025

The combination of social entrepreneurship and social media is the new norm of the 21st century, and is gaining the readers' attention. As Greg Dees points out, social entrepreneurs are a "special breed" of leaders who are changing the face of society. Research that uses new technologies to understand problems in specific situations, especially in developing countries, is widespread. A conscious attempt should be made to identify “social entrepreneurs” via social media.
Considering the term social entrepreneurship in Schumpeterian terminology, social entrepreneurs are important drivers of change because they possess the skills, courage, and fortitude that underlie innovation processes and creative ideas. Student entrepreneurship is an indicator of student engagement and creative exploration enabling students to learn more than just their chosen field of study. Combining the digital field with student entrepreneurship fosters an interdisciplinary work and development environment.
Many studies have examined the role of social entrepreneurship using qualitative and quantitative methods. A classic case study of social entrepreneurship is the profile of Muhammad Yunus, the father of microcredit and founder of Grameen Bank. Social entrepreneurship and participatory audiences combine to bring transformative benefits to society. As a value-added platform, this paper addresses the role of student communities, citizens, and businesses as facilitators of the digital space, raising awareness and empowering audiences to participate in the effort to change and make a difference.
This paper primarily focuses on a questionnaire distributed to a target group of students aged 17 to 25 years, highlighting the critical role of student entrepreneurship as a vehicle for change. This is followed by a case study analysis of the relationship between corporate social responsibility and social entrepreneurship.
The main rationale of the paper is to promote a platform for fostering student entrepreneurs through the digital arena. The outcome of this paper is to explore student entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship, and how digital media can be used as agents of social change.
FRONTIERS OF FREEDOM: EXPLORING HIMACHAL PRADESH'S SIGNIFICANCE IN THE 1857 INDIAN MUTINY
Authors: - Amanjeet , Kumar Vikas
Published: January 2025

This research article examines the often-neglected role of Himachal Pradesh in the 1857 Indian Mutiny, elucidating the region's noteworthy contributions to the wider uprising against British colonial domination. This research utilizes a thorough examination of historical sources and archival data to rebuild the socio-political environment of Himachal Pradesh during the mid-19th century. It also investigates the several motivations that drove local populations to oppose colonial rule. This study examines the significant influence of regional dynamics on the path and end of the 1857 revolution in Himachal Pradesh by detailing particular episodes, leaders, and movements. Moreover, it examines the lasting impact of Himachal Pradesh's involvement in the mutiny, emphasizing its significance in comprehending resistance against colonial rule, local history, and the remembrance of anti-colonial movements throughout India. This study not only enhances our comprehension of the 1857 Indian Mutiny but also emphasizes the ability and determination of marginalized populations to confront colonial dominance.
THE IMPENDING CONSEQUENCES OF BANNING SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSITIES FOR GIRLS IN AFGHANISTAN
Authors: Ahmad Ebrahimi Nasima Gul , Shastri (Dr.) Manoj C.
Published: January 2025

Girls’ education is crucial for societal progress, impacting economic growth, health, gender equality, poverty reduction, social development, and environmental sustainability. Educated girls contribute to the economy, make informed health decisions, challenge gender stereotypes, and break poverty cycles. Despite global efforts to promote girls’ education, Afghanistan’s Taliban regime banned girls from attending schools and universities since 2021, jeopardizing the nation’s stability and sustainable development. This study evaluates the impacts of this ban, revealing significant disruptions in education, future opportunities, and socioeconomic development. It highlights the immediate effects on Afghan girls’ education, future prospects, and the broader social and cultural implications. The socioeconomic analysis shows increased poverty and persistent gender inequality due to restricted educational opportunities. Health outcomes are also compromised as educated girls are more likely to make better health decisions. Additionally, the ban exacerbates psychological issues among Afghan girls, causing anxiety, depression, and a loss of self-confidence. Socially, the prohibition reinforces traditional gender roles, reducing women's participation in political and community leadership. Recommendations include community-based education programs, advocacy, awareness campaigns, and policy reforms to mitigate the ban's negative effects. Ensuring equitable educational opportunities for Afghan girls is essential to protect their rights and enable them to contribute to the nation’s progress. Collaborative efforts from policymakers, educators, activists, and community leaders are imperative to address these challenges and promote a more inclusive and sustainable future for Afghanistan.
ભારતમાં પંચાયતી રાજ વ્યવસ્થાના તથ્યો અને મહત્વ
FACTS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF PANCHAYATI RAJ SYSTEM IN INDIA
Authors: પંચાલ હસમુખ
Published: January 2025

ભારતમાં 24 એપ્રિલ ને રાષ્ટ્રીય પંચાયતી રાજ દિવસ તરીકે ઉજવવામાં આવે છે. ભારતમાં પંચાયતી રાજના ઈતિહાસમાં 24 એપ્રિલ, 1993નો દિવસ એક સીમાચિહ્ન બની રહે છે, કારણ કે આ દિવસે પંચાયતી રાજની સંસ્થાઓને બંધારણીય દરજ્જો આપવા માટે 73મો બંધારણીય સુધારો અમલમાં આવ્યો. બંધારણીય જોગવાઈ અનુસાર સ્વશાસનની સંસ્થાઓ તરીકે કાર્ય કરવા માટે પંચાયતોને સત્તાઓ મળી. બંધારણનો 73મો સુધારો ગ્રામસભાને બંધારણીય દરજ્જો અર્પે છે. ગ્રામપંચાયતોની કામગીરીમાં પારદર્શિતા લાવવામાં, લાભોના સમાન વિતરણની ખાતરીની બાબતમાં, આવશ્યકતા અનુસાર સામુદાયિક અસ્કયામત ઊભી કરવામાં તેમજ સામાજિક સમરસતા સર્જવામાં ગ્રામસભાની ચાવીરૂપ ભૂમિકા છે. પંચાયતી રાજની સ્થાપના પાછળનો મહત્વનો હેતુ સત્તાનું લોકશાહી વિકેન્દ્રીકરણ કરવાનો છે. લોકશાહી સમાજમાં સત્તા વિકેન્દ્રિત કરીને સમાજના બધા વર્ગોમાં વહેંચી આપવામાં આવે તો લોકકલ્યાણનાં પગલાં લેવાનું વધુ અનુકૂળ બને છે. પરંતું શું ભારતનાં ગામડામાં પંચાયતી રાજ થી રાજ વધુ કાર્યરત બન્યું છે કે સમરસતા સર્જાઈ છે, તે વર્તમાન સ્થિતિ નો પ્રસ્તુત અભ્યાસ છે.
THE HIDDEN FACE: A SEARCH OF WOMANHOOD IN ARABIAN SOCIETY
Authors: Zamil Hussein Kadhim , Patel Kavita J.
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to clarify the definition and the role of the Arabian woman who is straddling the two conflicting forces of tradition and modernity. In addition, we shall also look at how these two lingering tensions are causing disorientation and continual crisis in the Arabian women’s process of striving for identity. The purpose of this search is not just to understand the Arabian woman. It is also an investigation into the overall essence of womanhood. We know for a fact that a woman in general has some unique qualities which men do not possess, and vice versa. As Nietzsche would say, "Man has not understood women, and woman has not understood anything: for woman, to understand – is to be pardoned." There is, in every woman, an idealistic and romantic ennui longing to be fulfilled for her generation that ticks away like little boxes of hidden switches. In the old Arabian Society, women were valued and respected as important members in the family. Many rights were given to them. Little discords came from their early marriages, their isolation from their male kinfolk, their life circumstances which denied them human dignity and rights or legal status. At that time this beautiful law was given to the Arabian woman from the Koran: "Men have the degree above Women." In summary, in the old Arabian society, we can say that the women were well respected and totally secure. These women indulged in the pleasure of their femininity without the fear of their exploited weakness, subservience or ignorance.
कन्हैयालाल माणिकलाल मुंशी का राष्ट्रभाषा हिंदी संबंधी चिंतन
Authors: परमार राजेन्द्र
Published: January 2025

प्रस्तुत आलेख में कन्हैयालाल माणिकलाल मुंशी के राष्ट्रभाषा हिंदी संबंधी चिंतन को केन्द्र में रखा गया है। कन्हैयालाल माणिकलाल मुंशी बहुभाषाविद् थे। उनकी मातृभाषा गुजराती होते हुए भी उन्होंने राष्ट्रभाषा के रूप में हिंदी की हिमायत की थी। गाँधीजी ने हिंदी के माध्यम से देश को एक सूत्र में पिरोने की जो बात कही थी, उसका निदर्शन मुंशी जी के चिंतन में भी देखा जा सकता है। हिंदी को राष्ट्रभाषा बनाने के लिए जो मुहिम चलाई गई थी उसमें कन्हैयालाल माणिकलाल मुंशी ने रुचि लेते हुए अपने भाषणों के माध्यम से हिंदी के प्रचार-प्रसार में अपनी अहम् भूमिका निभाई थी। कहा जा सकता है कि गाँधीजी, काका साहब कालेलकर आदि की तरह कन्हैयालाल माणिकलाल मुंशी का भी हिंदी के विकास में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान रहा है। उनका पूर्ण विश्वास था कि हिंदी ही भारत देश की राष्ट्रभाषा बन सकती है। वे जानते थे कि सांस्कृतिक दृष्टि से भारत को जोड़कर रखने की शक्ति हिंदी भाषा में ही हैं। मुंशी जी ने राष्ट्रभाषा हिंदी को लेकर जो चिंतन किया है वह आज भी बहुमूल्य है। मुंशी जी के राष्ट्रभाषा हिंदी संबंधी विचारों का प्रचार-प्रसार करना ही इस शोधालेख का उद्देश्य है।
અનુસ્નાતકમાં અભ્યાસ કરતી આદિવાસી વિદ્યાર્થીનીઓની સામાજિક પૃષ્ઠભૂમિ
Authors: ત્રિવેદી મોસમ
Published: January 2025

ગુજરાતનાં અંતરિયાળ વિસ્તારમાં વસતા આદિવાસી સમુદાયના શિક્ષણ માટેના પ્રયાસો સ્વાતંત્ર્ય પહેલાંના સમયગાળાથી થતાં આવ્યા છે. આમછતાં પરંપરાગત વ્યવસાય અને મર્યાદિત આવકના સાધનોને પરિણામે તેમણે ઉચ્ચશિક્ષણ સુધી પહોંચવા માટે સંઘર્ષ કરવો પડે છે. ટાંચા સાધનો અને સુવિધાઓના અભાવમાં જે કોઈપણ શિક્ષણ મેળવે છે તેમાં વિનયન પ્રવાહના શિક્ષણનું પ્રમાણ વધુ હોય છે. વળી તેમાંય છોકરીઓ મોટા પ્રમાણમાં અભ્યાસ કરવા આવતી હોય છે. વીર નર્મદ દક્ષીણ ગુજરાત યુનિવર્સિટીના સમાજશાસ્ત્ર વિભાગમાં અનુસ્નાતકનો અભ્યાસ કરવા આવતા વિદ્યાર્થીઓ મોટાપ્રમાણમાં આદિવાસી સમુદાયમાંથી આવતા હોય છે. આવા સમયે ઉચ્ચ શિક્ષણ સુધી પહોંચતી આ આદિવાસી વિદ્યાર્થીનીઓ તેમના કુટુંબની પહેલી પેઢીની દિકરીઓ હોવાનું જાણવા મળ્યું. ત્યારે ઉચ્ચશિક્ષણ સુધી પહોંચતી આદિવાસી વિદ્યાર્થીનીઓના કુટુંબની સામાજિક અને આર્થિક સ્થિતિ જાણવી જરૂરી બની જાય છે. ઉપરાંત અભ્યાસ કરવા આવતી વિદ્યાર્થીનીઓને શિષ્યવૃતિની સહાય મળતી હોવાછતાં ફી ઉપરાંત અન્ય શૈક્ષણિક જરૂરિયાતને પહોંચી વળવા અને કુટુંબને મદદરૂપ બનવા વિવિધ ઘરેલું કાર્યોની સાથે ખેતી કે અન્ય આર્થિક ઉપાર્જન કરી શકે એવા છૂટક મજૂરીના કાર્યો કરવા પડતાં હોય છે. આમ વિદ્યાર્થીકાળથી જ આ વિદ્યાર્થીનીઓ શ્રમનું મહત્વ સમજતી થઈ ગઈ હોય છે. તેથી શિક્ષણ મેળવવા તેમના સંઘર્ષને સમાજશાસ્ત્રીય દ્રષ્ટિકોણથી સમજવો આવશ્યક છે. પ્રસ્તુત સંશોધન આ દિશામાં કરેલ એક નાનકડો પ્રયાસ છે.
A STUDY ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TRIBAL GROUPS IN TIRUPATTUR DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU
Authors: Gandhi Makala
Published: January 2025

Social progress amongst tribal groups generally lower than that of other sections in the society. Tribal communities are mostly located in hilly and forest surrounded regions having very less access to health services and educational development. There are many variations found in the society among the different caste groups with regarding lifestyle, employment and living standards. Tribal people are mostly vulnerable and prone to limited scope of socio- economic development.
In spite of number of efforts and keen focus has been drawn towards wellbeing of tribal communities, still there exists a long way for achieving the development to the fullest. A systematic strategy and plan which aims at fuller utilization of resources to enhance and strengthen the tribal society is very essential.
There is a need to improve the quality of life through improved system of health and education. More priority to given for bringing awareness among the tribal groups. Food habits, the way of communicating to non- tribal groups, adaptive measures to the growing technology is very significant concern to look into.
Inovasi Pembuatan Produk Kesehatan Berbasis Jagung Sebagai Komoditas Lokal Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Derajat Kesehatan Dan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Desa Motolohu Kecamatan Randangan Pohuwato
Authors: Hasan Hamsidar , Madania Madania , Thomas Nur Ain , Paneo Mohamad Aprianto
Published: January 2025

Jagung adalah salah satu komoditas terbesar di daerah Motolohu. Pemanfaatan jagung Selain menjadi pakan ternak, jagung banyak diolah menjadi berbagai bahan makanan mulai dari makanan ringan, tepung hingga minyak rendah kolesterol. Tak hanya itu, komoditi pangan ini juga bisa dinikmati secara langsung dengan cara direbus, dibakar atau dibuat beras jagung. Pemanfaatan sebagai beras jagung yang biasanya dijual Rp 10.000 perliter masih sangat rendah nilainya dan kurang diminati oleh masyarakat. Untuk dapat meningkatkan nilai jual maka perlu inovasi bagaimana membuat produk kesehatan yang lebih tinggi nilai gizinya dan nilai jualnya sehingga dapat meningkatkan derajat kesehatan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Pengabdian ini bertujuan memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam membuat produk kesehatan dari jagung seperti brownies jagung, keripik jagung, susu jagung dan lain-lain. Metode pemberdayaan dan transfer ilmu adalah metode pendampingan dan praktek langsung mulai dari penyiapan bahan baku sampai pada produk jadi dan juga bagaimana cara pemasarannya. Sasaran pengabdian ini adalah ibu-ibu PKK dan ibu rumah tangga yang berdominsili di Desa Motolohu. Hasil pendampingan ini menunjukkan masyarakat sangat menyukai produk kesehatan seperti brownies dan brinchese, dan sangat senang dan puas dengan pendampingan seperti ini. Produk berbahan baku jagung ini mengandung serat, karbohidrat, protein dan vitamin, serta bersifat sebagai antioksidan. Analisis kelayakan usaha  menunjukkan  produk berbasis jagung bisa meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat.
Peningkatan Kesadaran Tentang Side Effect Of Herbal Medicine Pada Masyarakat Di Kelurahan Hutuo Kabupaten Gorontalo
Authors: Tuloli Teti Sutriyati , Thomas Nurain , Latif Multiani S , Zulfiayu Zulfiayu
Published: January 2025

Obat tradisional yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan imunitas atau daya tahan tubuh telah berkembang dengan berbagai variasi bentuk. Bentuk obat tradisional yang ada saat ini seperti bubuk, cairan,tablet, rajangan, obat gosok dan lainnya. Menurut hasil Riskesdas 2018 proporsi pemanfaatan pengobatan tradisional di Provinsi Gorontalo sebanyak 25,8% dalam bentuk ramuan jadi, dan 42,6% ramuan buatan sendiri, Kota Gorontalo menempati peringkat ke-4 terbanyak proporsi pemanfaatan obat tradsional dengan jumlah 24,16% ramuan jadi dan 40,83% ramuan buatan sendiri. Tujuan pelaksaanan Kegiatan Join Kemitraan ini adalah Meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat Kelurahan Hutuo, Kabupaten Gorontalo tentang efek samping obat herbal serta memotivasi masyarakat untuk lebih waspada terhadap kejadian efek samping obat herbal. Kegiatan Join Kemitraan ini dilaksanakan melalui edukasi dan sosialisasi tentang pentingnya kesadaran Masyarakat akan kejadian efek samping obat .Program Kegiatan Join Kemitraan ini dilaksanakan mulai 2 September 2024 di Desa Hutuo, Kabupaten Gorontalo dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 30 orang Masyarakat Desa Hutuo, Kabupaten Gorontalo. Adanya sinergitas yang baik antara Aparat desa, Kader Kesehatan, Masyarakat desa dan Tim dari Dosen dan Mahasiswa maka seluruh program pengabdian join kemitraan dapat terlaksana dengan baik dan sukses guna mewujudkan Kelurahan Hutuo bebas dari efek samping obat herbal.
Assessment of Uncertainty Propagation from Climate Modeling to Hydrologic Forecasting under Changing Climatic Conditions
Authors:   Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada, Wu H. J. , Ye X. D. ,   Key Laboratory for Coastal Marine Eco-Environment Process and Carbon Sink of Hainan province, Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572000, China, Zhang B. Y. ,   Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada, Chen B. ,   Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
Published: January 2025

The changing climate has a profound impact on the hydrological cycle and water balance, complicating water resources management. General circulation models (GCMs) and downscaling methods have been widely employed to reflect and quantify climate change effects in hydrological studies. The uncertainties associated with GCMs, downscaling methods, and hydrological modeling mutually interact, significantly amplifying the complexity of uncertainty analysis. To address this challenge, we proposed the Integrated simulation-based evaluation system for uncertainty propagation analysis (ISES-UPA) method, specifically designed to assess the uncertainty propagation effect from statistical downscaling and hydrological modeling. This study aims to utilize ISES-UPA to inves-tigate the effects and contributions of different uncertainty components to the total uncertainty in hydrological modeling under changing climatic conditions. Successfully applied to a real case study in Sichuan, China, the results reveal that the total propagated uncertainty significantly surpasses the simple addition of other sources (e.g., about 2.15 times from statistical downscaling and about 4.44 times from hydrological modeling on average). By using ISES-UPA, individual and combined uncertainties from statistical downscaling and hydrological modeling can be compared and quantified, thereby enhancing the reliability of hydrological studies under changing climate conditions.
Exploring the Inequality and Driving Factors in China’s Tourism Industry from the Perspective of Water-Energy Nexus
Authors:   School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China, Lee L. C. ,   School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China,   School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, UK, Wang Y. ,   School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China, Zuo J. ,   School of Architecture & Built Environment, Entrepreneurship, Commercialization and Innovation Centre (ECIC), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia, Ping L. Y. ,   School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
Published: January 2025

A large number of studies have been undertaken to examine the impact of tourism on the local resource carrying capacity. However, the indirect non-local environmental impact of tourism was largely overlooked in existing studies from the perspective of supply chain and industrial linkage. Although tourism is a non-material production sector, it has very strong industrial linkage driving effects. In addition, it can not only promote local resource consumption, but also drive that of other regions through the supply chain. In this paper, an environmentally extended multi-regional input-output model combining tourism satellite account is established to investigate China’s interprovincial tourism water footprint (TWF) and tourism energy footprint (TEF) in 2012 ~ 2015. Our results indicate that TEF has increased by 61%, which is about twice the increase in TWF (37%), due to the contribution of water efficiency improvement being higher than energy use efficiency. Results demonstrated that the rapid growth of tourism exaggerated the unbalanced regional water and energy consumption. The environmental Gini coefficient of TWF and TEF consumption intensity increased from 0.386 to 0.43 and from 0.216 to 0.242, respectively in 2012 ~ 2015. The lower tourism income regions (Northwest and Northeast regions) tend to generate higher water and energy consumption intensity. From the perspective of water-energy nexus, the improvement of water use efficiency could result in great TEF alleviation. Our research provides the quantification tool of regional inequality and driving factors of tourism industry from the water-energy nexus perspective. This can be extended to other countries and regions in the world to reveal the deeper relationship between tourism and resources.
On the Age Calibration of Open Clusters Using Red Clump Stars
Authors: Chriss Abigail R. , Worthey Guy
Published: January 2025

In this study, we extend the dust-independent Hatzidimitriou relation between cluster age and d

B−R
color difference between the red giant branch (RGB) and red clump to younger cluster ages. We perform membership analysis on 14 galactic open clusters using Gaia DR3 astrometry, then compute the difference in color of the RGB and red clump d

B−R
using Gaia photometry. We also compute d

B−R
for five fields surrounding Small Magellanic Cloud clusters. We find that the trend derived from older clusters does not extrapolate to younger ages and becomes double valued. We confirm that d

B−R
is independent of metallicity. Current stellar evolutionary isochrones do not quantitatively reproduce the trend and furthermore predict an increased color gap with a decrease in metallicity that is not echoed in the data. Integrated light models based on current isochrones exaggerate the color change over the ​​​​​​−0.5 < [Fe/H] < 0 interval at the few-percent level.
Fitting Methods for Probability Distribution Functions in Turbulent Star-forming Clouds
Authors: Kiihne Avery , Appel Sabrina M. , Burkhart Blakesley , Semenov Vadim A. , Federrath Christoph
Published: January 2025

We use a suite of 3D simulations of star-forming molecular clouds, with and without stellar feedback and magnetic fields, to investigate the effectiveness of different fitting methods for volume and column density probability distribution functions (PDFs). The first method fits a piecewise lognormal and power-law (PL) function to recover PDF parameters such as the PL slope and transition density. The second method fits a polynomial spline function and examines the first and second derivatives of the spline to determine the PL slope and the functional transition density. The first PL (set by the transition between lognormal and PL function) can also be visualized in the derivatives directly. In general, the two methods produce fits that agree reasonably well for volume density but vary for column density, likely due to the increased statistical noise in the column density PDFs as compared to the volume density PDFs. We test a well-known conversion for estimating volume density PL slopes from column density slopes and find that the spline method produces a better match (χ
2 of 3.34 versus χ
2 of 5.92), albeit with a significant scatter. Ultimately, we recommend the use of both fitting methods on column density data to mitigate the effects of noise.
A Peculiar Feature of the First Ionization Potential Effect Before a Solar Flare Impulsive Phase Observed by MSS-1B, CHASE, and SDO
Authors: Ng Man-Hei , Zhang Xiaoping , Chen P. F.
Published: January 2025

The impulsive phase of solar flares is often accompanied by the depletion of the elements with low first ionization potential (FIP), whose abundance decreases from the coronal level to the photospheric level, and then recovers back to the coronal level during the decay phase. Recently, we analyzed the soft X-ray spectroscopic data of the 2024 February 16 flare event observed by the Macao Science Satellite-1B/Soft X-ray Detection Units. Surprisingly, however, it is revealed that the depletion of the low-FIP elements occurred well before the flare impulsive phase. The timing of this change provides important clues about the location of magnetic reconnection, shedding light on the mass and energy transfer between different layers of the solar atmosphere. By examining the multiwavelength data from the Solar Dynamics Observatory and CHASE missions, we found that there was no filament 0.4 hr before the flare eruption. However, an erupting filament was detected in association with the flare event. Based on these features, we propose for the first time that the flare/filament eruption for this event was initiated by magnetic reconnection in the solar chromosphere, rather than in the corona as stated in the standard flare model.
Einasto Profile as the Halo Model Solution Coupled to the Depletion Radius
Authors: Zhou Yifeng , Han Jiaxin
Published: January 2025

We constrain the halo profiles outside the halo boundaries by solving for the matching profiles required by the halo model. In the halo model framework, the matter distribution in the Universe can be decomposed into the spatial distribution of halos convolved with their internal structures. This leads to a set of linear equations in Fourier space that uniquely determines the matching halo profiles for any given halo catalog. In this work, we construct three halo catalogs with different boundary definitions and solve for the matching profiles in each case using measurements of halo–matter and halo–halo power spectra. Our results show that for a given halo field, there is always a set of matching profiles to accurately reconstruct the input statistics of the matter field, even though it might be complex to model the profiles analytically. Comparing the solutions from different halo catalogs, we find that their mass distributions inside the inner depletion radii are nearly identical, while they deviate from each other on larger scales, with a larger boundary resulting in a more extended profile. For the depletion-radius-based catalog, the numerical solution agrees well with the Einasto profile. Coupling the Einasto profile with the depletion catalog, the resulting halo model can simultaneously predict the halo–matter power spectra to 10% and the matter–matter power spectrum to 5%, improving over conventional models in both interpretability and versatility. The conditions and limitations of using the Navarro–Frenk–White profile in the halo model are also discussed.
Improved Constraints on the Vertical Profile of CH4 at Jupiter’s Mid- to High Latitudes, Using IRTF-TEXES and SOFIA-EXES Spectroscopy
Authors: Sinclair James A. , Greathouse Thomas K. , Giles Rohini S. , Richter Matthew , Rashman Maisie , de Witt Curtis , Moses Julianne , Hue Vincent , Rodríguez-Ovalle Pablo , Fouchet Thierry , Bhattacharya Ananyo , Benmahi Bilal , Orton Glenn S. , Fletcher Leigh N. , Irwin Patrick G. J.
Published: January 2025

We present radiative transfer analyses of IRTF-TEXES and SOFIA-EXES mid-infrared spectra of Jupiter's mid- to high latitudes recorded between 2019 April 16 and 2023 July 20. The spectra were inverted across a photochemical model grid of varying eddy diffusion coefficient profiles, and the quality of fit of the synthetic spectra to the observed was used to constrain the CH4 homopause level. For a subset of latitudes/dates, we find that the CH4 homopause level is elevated in the region enclosed inside of, or magnetospherically poleward of, the northern ultraviolet main auroral emissions (MAEs) in comparison to the region outside or equatorward of the MAE. For example, using SOFIA-EXES results on 2021 June 10, we derived a CH4 homopause level of log(p
H(nbar)) = 1.54

−
0.69

+
0.51

or z
H = 453

−
76

+
128

km above 1 bar poleward of the northern MAE at 68∘N compared to a lower limit of log(p
H) > 2.43 and upper limit of z
H < 322 km derived equatorward of the northern MAE. We therefore conclude that the region poleward of the northern MAE is, at times, subject to enhanced vertical transport resulting from auroral energy deposition. The exact mechanisms responsible for the enhanced vertical transport in Jupiter's auroral regions are uncertain: time-dependent circulation modeling of Jupiter's polar atmosphere is required to better understand this phenomenon. Poleward of the southern MAE, derived homopause levels agreed within uncertainty with those at equatorward locations. However, we consider this result a spatial sampling artifact rather than concluding that the southern auroral region is not subject to enhanced vertical transport.
MIAU: An analysis-ready dataset on presence-only and presence-absence data of Neotropical carnivores (Mammalia, Carnivora) from 2000 to 2021
Authors: Grattarola Florencia , Tschernosterová Kateřina , Keil Petr
Published: January 2025

In the last decade, databases of records of species observed at the same location at different points in time over large spatial extents have been made available. Unfortunately, these sources are scarce in regions such as Latin America. We present a dataset of 60,179 point occurrences (i.e. presence-only data, PO) and 45,468 camera-trap survey records (i.e. presence-absence data, PA) for 63 species of carnivores of the Neotropical Region from 2000 to 2021. We collated the data from various sources, including 64 newly-digitised bibliographic references. We cleaned, taxonomically harmonised and standardised the data following the Darwin Core and Humboldt Core standards and present them here as csv files. We have also made these data fit for analyses by aggregating the data into two time periods (time1: 2000–2013 and time2: 2014–2021), with PO grid cell counts of 100 × 100 km and PA polygons of varying size, presented as geopackage files. These data can be used for large-scale species distribution models, calculation of population trends, extinction risk analyses and educational purposes.
Adaptive smooth sampled-data control for synchronization of T–S fuzzy reaction-diffusion neural networks with actuator saturation
Authors: Niu Yuchen , Shi Kaibo , Cai Xiao , Wen Shiping
Published: January 2025

This paper addresses the synchronization issue in T–S fuzzy reaction–diffusion neural networks (TFRNNs) with time-varying delays and actuator saturation. First, an adaptive smooth sampled-data (ASSD) controller is proposed to optimize communication resources. In the ASSD controller, the dynamic forgetting factor is employed to process historical data smoothly, thereby preventing data distortion due to unexpected events. Second, the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF), which captures more information about the system, is introduced, and it can provide greater flexibility than the fixed-matrix LKF. Meanwhile, by employing the semi-looped-functional method, the constraint for negative determination of the sum of its derivatives is removed, which enhances the feasibility of expanding the solution. Consequently, a novel criterion and the corresponding algorithm are established to obtain the larger maximum allowable sampling interval (MASI). Finally, simulations demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed theoretical results.
Influence of Cutting Parameters on Tool Temperatures and Residual Stresses in Machining Aerospace Alloys: A DEFORM 3D Simulation Approach
Authors: Sofuoğlu Mehmet Alper , Haydarlar Gökhan , Tekkalmaz Mesut
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the influence of cutting parameters on tool temperatures and residual stresses during the machining of aerospace alloys Inconel-718, Hastelloy-X, and Ti6Al4V. Experimental turning operations were conducted under predetermined cutting speeds, feed rates, and cutting depths, followed by residual stress measurements using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Maximum tool temperatures were recorded using a thermal camera. Additionally, numerical simulations were performed using DEFORM 3D under identical cutting conditions to validate the experimental findings. The results reveal that Hastelloy-X exhibited the highest residual stresses and cutting tool temperatures, while Ti6Al4V showed the lowest. A close agreement was observed between the experimental and simulation data, highlighting the accuracy of the DEFORM 3D model. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of Hastelloy-X, a material with limited prior research, contributing novel insights into its machining characteristics. The findings will aid in optimizing cutting parameters for improved performance and tool life in aerospace applications.
Optimization and Performance Evaluation of Photovoltaic Thermal System with Varying Nanofluids and Environmental Parameters by Taguchi Technique
Authors: Singh Mrigendra , Solanki S.C , Agrawal Basant , Bhargava Rajesh
Published: January 2025

In this study, the performance of a photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system with a rectangular absorber design using water-based nanofluids such as MWCNT/w, CeO2/w, and TiN/w with a volume fraction of nanoparticles at 4% as a coolant is investigated. The mass flow rates varied from 0.025, 0.050 and 0.075 kg/s under meteorological conditions categorized as hot, cooled, and mixed in three different cities of India (Bengaluru, Delhi, and Srinagar). A numerical model was established to evaluate the performance of the PVT system by employing a heat balance equation for various components of the PVT system. Additionally, Taguchi assessment and ANOVA analysis were carried out to evaluate the effect of meteorological parameters and determine the optimum conditions. The highest daily electrical effectiveness and heat gain of the PVT system for the cities of Bengaluru, Delhi, and Srinagar were obtained with the CeO2/w nanofluid at a mass flow rate of 0.075 kg/s, are 15.13%, 15.02%, and 16.14% and 282.5 Wh, 349.55 Wh, and 219.23 Wh, respectively, compared to the other nanofluids. Another optimal value of the effecting variable is obtained in CeO2 nanofluid for electrical efficiency and heat gain of the PVT system where a mass flow rate, sun radiation, ambient temperature and wind velocity are 0.050 kg/s, 800 W/m2, 32 °C, and 1.4 m/s, and 0.075 kg/s, 800 W/m2, 22 °C, and 1.6 m/s, respectively and sun radiation was the most significant parameter for electrical efficiency and heat gain, with significant values of 81.66% and 92.35%, respectively.
Modeling of Biogas Tri-Reforming for Hydrogen Production
Authors: Kakpo Mathieu Mahougnon , Bouraima Safiou , Ekouedjen Evrard Karol , Ganhoun Gaston , Adamon Farid , Fagbemi Latif Adéniyi
Published: January 2025

In recent years, particular attention has been paid to the use of renewable energy, particularly biomass, for reasons related to both climate change and waste management. Biogas is frequently used in low value-added applications such as heating and fuel in engines, while it can be reformed into hydrogen, through certain process such as the process of dry reforming, of partial oxidation, of bi-reforming, or even of tri-reforming. The literature has indicated that the tri-reforming process is better than other reforming processes. Biogas tri-reforming is a simultaneous combination of endothermic dry reforming and steam reforming with exothermic methane oxidation, carried out in a single reactor to produce syngas which is an important feedstock for chemical production and energy vectors. Second, the process of tri-reforming overcomes several weaknesses of each main reform process. This article presents a new mathematical model of tri-reforming which will further optimize this type of process. The developed mathematical model was validated with literature data. Thus, the literature data used are among others, the optimal feed ratio in the tri-reforming process, CH4/CO2/H2O/O2 = 1:0.291:0.576:0.088. For optimal temperature and pressure, the data used are 1223 K and 5 bar respectively. This mathematical model makes it possible to achieve high conversion of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) coupled with high selectivity in hydrogen. The conversion rate of methane (CH4) can reach 99% and that of carbon dioxide (CO2) can reach 97%. The model is adapted with a high hydrogen selectivity: 2.88.
Elite-led Cultural Projects Manifesting Periodic Changes: Geoffrey Bawa Case Studies in Postcolonial Sri Lanka
Authors: M. N. R. Wijetunge
Published: January 2025

It is often believed that the so-called ‘cultural projects’ are the most ideal form of political, economic and socio-cultural manifestation of a given society, at a given time. These are commonly referred to as ‘periodic changes’. In postcolonial Sri Lanka, it is often believed that cultural projects have been used to convey underlying messages to its masses by their patrons. Geoffrey Bawa – considered the most important architect of the nation who was responsible for its ‘national architectural style’ – completed a number of them in his career. It is often acknowledged that Bawa’s cultural projects themselves were instrumental indeed in making of the country’s aforementioned national style. On the other hand, the unmistakable role played by the governing/political elite (as patrons) behind the implementation of such projects is also noteworthy. Moreover, it is often said that the architecture of such cultural projects implemented by Bawa were associated closely with elite culture, but that of the masses they were meant for.In this light, the study narrates theories on elitism, and establishes positions of elite/masses in society respectively. Next, it assesses different levels of cultures, and then, their pertaining building design traditions respectively. In this process, the relationship between elite ‘high culture’ and ‘grand design tradition’ is also ascertained. Employing a qualitative research methodology, the study takes up three case studies by Geoffrey Bawa. The selected almost-parallel cultural projects with elite patronage are commonly viewed as the most instrumental from his portfolio for making the nation’s flagship architectural style by the 1980s. In terms of empirical work, to collect information, the study relies upon drawings, photographic surveys, and especially, literature. The gaps in literature are countered via secondary in-depth interviews based on semi-structured questionnaires, borrowed from literature. The selected architectural attributes (i.e. location selection/layouts as well as form constituents and architectural features/details) from each case study are then analyzed to determine their underlying design tradition/s respectively. Finally, the underlying reasons (i.e. periodic changes) behind their implementation are interpreted in a phenomenological viewpoint to draw conclusions.
Efficiency in Occupational Skills and Safety Training For a Multicultural Workforce in the Building Industry: A Comparative Study
Authors: Perera U. , Jayadas A. , Chandrasekera T. , Wijetunge M. N. R. , Gayantha D. W. K.
Published: January 2025

The study focuses on exploring the effectiveness of various training modalities, including pictorial, video and virtual reality, in safety training for a multicultural workforce, specifically in the context of solar panel cleaning processes. Drawing on cognitive load theory and Kolb's learning cycle, the research aims to enhance self-efficacy and knowledge retention despite language barriers. The research questions center on learning modalities, working memory, information retention, self-efficacy, and real-world work performance, addressing the gap in safety training for multicultural workers in the building industry. By comparing the impact of different training modalities on learning outcomes, the study found that virtual reality training led to higher self-efficacy and task value scores, even with increased workload demand. However, no significant differences were observed in self-efficacy, task value and workload demand between the pictorial, video, and virtual reality training modalities. The research underscores the importance of addressing language barriers and different learning styles in safety training effectiveness, emphasizing the benefits of using pictorial aids, vide, and virtual reality technology. The research underscores Virtual Reality’s role in boosting training retention and engagement. The study's methodology involved six participants, randomly assigned to different training groups, with a focus on the solar panel cleaning process. The evaluation of training modalities was based on their effectiveness in improving knowledge retention and skill development. The findings suggest the need for further research to explore the long-term effects and scalability of virtual reality training in safety training across various industries, shedding light onto the role of cognitive load theory in information processing within safety training contexts.
Answers for the CME
Authors: Rathnayake M. , Gunathilake S.
Published: January 2025

No abstract available
Food security and dietary intake of a cohort of South African students during COVID-19
Authors: Jonker Juanita , Walsh Corinna
Published: January 2025

Background: Food insecurity among students was a global concern even before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Food security comprises having access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food at all times. The COVID-19 containment measures negatively influenced economies, impacting citizens’ food security.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the food security of a cohort of South African students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Setting: The sample included Health Science students from a university in Central South Africa.Methods: A mixed-method study was performed using questionnaires and focus group discussions. The questionnaire and focus group discussions investigated similar areas and were supported by literature. Ethical clearance was obtained.Results: Food insecurity existed among 84% of questionnaire participants. Dietary intake changed, with mainly a decrease in sugary and salty snacks. Focus group participants indicated an increase in the intake of starchy foods and reverted to binge eating. Dietary intake changes were attributed to poor availability and limited resources, for example money and electricity. Few participants were aware of or utilised available support services.Conclusion: The isolated, confined and extreme (ICE) environment that resulted from COVID-19 negatively impacted students’ dietary intake and food security. Institutions should implement measures to support students’ intake of healthy foods during ICE events.Contribution: This study provides significant insights into the dietary intake and food security of a cohort of Health Science students during COVID-19. It highlights the need for improved institutional and government food relief interventions during future pandemics. Therefore, this study contributes to the second sustainable development goal namely: zero hunger.
Oral Finasteride (5 mg and 2 mg) versus Topical Minoxidil 5% in Female Pattern Hair Loss
Authors: El Morsy Eman Hamed , Toto Asmaa Saad Abd , Hassan Eman Mohamed
Published: January 2025

Background:

Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) has a negative psychological and social impact. Lacks of consensus for its treatment as well as inconsistent response to treatment modalities are considered major challenges for physicians.

Objectives:

To assess the safety and efficacy of oral finasteride 5 mg and 2 mg versus topical minoxidil 5% in FPHL both clinically and by trichoscopy.

Patients and Methods:

Forty-five females with FPHL were included in the study for 6-month duration. Fifteen patients in Group A received oral finasteride 5 mg daily, 15 patients in Group B received oral finasteride 2 mg daily, and 15 patients in Group C were treated with topical minoxidil 5% solution. Assessment was done using Sinclair scale, photography, trichoscopy, degree of improvement, and patient satisfaction scale.

Results:

Significant improvement of Sinclair scale, hair density, and yellow dots in each group was noted along the treatment period; however, no further improvement of hair density in Group B after the 3rd month was detected. There was significant higher improvement in the hair density in Group A and C than Group B. The degree of improvement and patient satisfaction were significantly greater in Group A and C than Group B. A negative correlation between degree of improvement and patient’s age was observed in Group B.

Conclusion:

Oral finasteride 5 mg and topical minoxidil 5% gave comparable results in FPHL, yet both provided greater and maintained response than 2 mg finasteride. In addition, low-dose finasteride gave better responses in the younger age group. However, all three treatment options were safe in the treatment of FPHL.
The effects of plerixafor on the hemostatic system in patients undergoing stem cell mobilization
Authors: Koç Özge , Doğan Özlem , Şahin Uğur , Kircali Ekin , Koyun Derya , Arat Mutlu , Özcan Muhit
Published: January 2025

Despite numerous reports on the procoagulant activities of G-CSF, the effect of plerixafor on the hemostatic system is not clearly understood. This study aims to evaluate the effects of plerixafor on the hemostatic system when used for autologous stem cell mobilization (ASCM) for poor mobilizers (PM) with lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Patients who were performed ASCM with plerixafor in combination with GCSF were prospectively enrolled. Cohort A included patients mobilized with G-CSF whereas Cohort B included patients mobilized with G-CSF + plerixafor. Blood samples were obtained before the mobilization regimen and just before apheresis. CBC, coagulation tests, CRP, protein C and S, vWF antigen, and factors VIII and XII were studied. Cohort A (n= 30) of which 9 received chemotherapy + G-CSF. Factor VIII, INR, vWF antigen, and CRP significantly increased after G-CSF compared to baseline. Decreases in protein C and S were significant (p<0.001; p=0.005). In cohort B (n=15) no significant changes were observed in coagulation parameters Factor levels, protein C and S before and after the plerixafor. Fibrinogen decreased slightly after plerixafor administration (4.2773±2.2125 vs. 3.6987±1.5062; p=0.02). remained unchanged. In conclusion the addition of plerixafor to G-CSF did not exert further significant procoagulant effects.
Acquired factor XIII deficiency in myeloid neoplasms: case series and review of literature
Authors: Haroon Alfadil , Mohammed Saleh Mostafa F , Alahmari Ali , Osman Syed , Alotaibi Ahmed , Alzahrani Hazzaa , Aljurf Mahmoud
Published: January 2025

Acquired factor XIII (FXIII) deficiency is a rare disorder that could be associated with autoimmune and malignant disorders with a high risk of bleeding. In acute leukemias, acquired FXIII deficiency has been reported and replacement of FXIII helped to control significant bleeding. Here, we report four cases of myeloid neoplasms to have acquired FXIII deficiency with interesting concomitant RUNX1 mutation in the molecular background of two patients. Correction of bleeding complications was successful in all patients with FXIII substitution by FXIII concentrate in three patients and cryoprecipitate in one patient. Studying the association of FXIII deficiency with molecular abnormalities in such neoplasms is needed for better understanding and detection of common pathophysiologic pathways. This could help to avoid severe bleeding during diagnostic or therapeutic interventions in patients at risk.