bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Phenotypes for Understanding Individuals' Compliance With COVID-19 Policies and Personalized Nudges: Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed , Zhang Heng , Clinch Sarah , Poliakoff Ellen , Parsia Bijan , Harper Simon
Published: May 2021

Background

Governments promote behavioral policies such as social distancing and phased reopening to control the spread of COVID-19. Digital phenotyping helps promote the compliance with these policies through the personalized behavioral knowledge it produces.

Objective

This study investigated the value of smartphone-derived digital phenotypes in (1) analyzing individuals’ compliance with COVID-19 policies through behavioral responses and (2) suggesting ways to personalize communication through those policies.

Methods

We conducted longitudinal experiments that started before the outbreak of COVID-19 and continued during the pandemic. A total of 16 participants were recruited before the pandemic, and a smartphone sensing app was installed for each of them. We then assessed individual compliance with COVID-19 policies and their impact on habitual behaviors.

Results

Our results show a significant change in people’s mobility (P<.001) as a result of COVID-19 regulations, from an average of 10 visited places every week to approximately 2 places a week. We also discussed our results within the context of nudges used by the National Health Service in the United Kingdom to promote COVID-19 regulations.

Conclusions

Our findings show that digital phenotyping has substantial value in understanding people’s behavior during a pandemic. Behavioral features extracted from digital phenotypes can facilitate the personalization of and compliance with behavioral policies. A rule-based messaging system can be implemented to deliver nudges on the basis of digital phenotyping.
An Urban Population Health Observatory System to Support COVID-19 Pandemic Preparedness, Response, and Management: Design and Development Study
Authors: Brakefield Whitney S , Ammar Nariman , Olusanya Olufunto A , Shaban-Nejad Arash
Published: May 2021

Background

COVID-19 is impacting people worldwide and is currently a leading cause of death in many countries. Underlying factors, including Social Determinants of Health (SDoH), could contribute to these statistics. Our prior work has explored associations between SDoH and several adverse health outcomes (eg, asthma and obesity). Our findings reinforce the emerging consensus that SDoH factors should be considered when implementing intelligent public health surveillance solutions to inform public health policies and interventions.

Objective

This study sought to redefine the Healthy People 2030’s SDoH taxonomy to accommodate the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, we aim to provide a blueprint and implement a prototype for the Urban Population Health Observatory (UPHO), a web-based platform that integrates classified group-level SDoH indicators to individual- and aggregate-level population health data.

Methods

The process of building the UPHO involves collecting and integrating data from several sources, classifying the collected data into drivers and outcomes, incorporating data science techniques for calculating measurable indicators from the raw variables, and studying the extent to which interventions are identified or developed to mitigate drivers that lead to the undesired outcomes.

Results

We generated and classified the indicators of social determinants of health, which are linked to COVID-19. To display the functionalities of the UPHO platform, we presented a prototype design to demonstrate its features. We provided a use case scenario for 4 different users.

Conclusions

UPHO serves as an apparatus for implementing effective interventions and can be adopted as a global platform for chronic and infectious diseases. The UPHO surveillance platform provides a novel approach and novel insights into immediate and long-term health policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and other future public health crises. The UPHO assists public health organizations and policymakers in their efforts in reducing health disparities, achieving health equity, and improving urban population health.
Characteristics and Quality of Mobile Apps Containing Prenatal Genetic Testing Information: Systematic App Store Search and Assessment (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Ko-Lin , Alegria Rebeca , Gonzalez Jazzlyn , Hu Harrison , Wang Haocen , Page Robin , Robbins-Furman Patricia , Ma Ping , Tseng Tung-Sung , Chen Lei-Shih
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

Prenatal genetic testing is an essential part of routine prenatal care. Yet, obstetricians often lack the time to provide comprehensive prenatal genetic testing education to their patients. Pregnant women lack prenatal genetic testing knowledge, which may hinder informed decision-making during their pregnancies. Due to the rapid growth of technology, mobile apps are a potentially valuable educational tool through which pregnant women can learn about prenatal genetic testing and improve the quality of their communication with obstetricians. The characteristics, quality, and number of available apps containing prenatal genetic testing information are, however, unknown.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to conduct a firstreview to identify, evaluate, and summarize currently available mobile apps that contain prenatal genetic testing information using a systematic approach.

METHODS

We searched both the Apple App Store and Google Play for mobile apps containing prenatal genetic testing information. The quality of apps was assessed based on the criteria adopted from two commonly used and validated mobile app scoring systems, including the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) and the APPLICATIONS evaluation criteria.

RESULTS

A total of 64 mobile apps were identified. Of these, only 2 apps were developed for a specific prenatal genetic test. All others were either pregnancy-related (61/64, 95%) or genetics-related (1/64, 2%) apps that provided prenatal genetic testing information. The majority of the apps (49/64, 77%) were developed by commercial companies. The mean quality assessment score of the included apps was 13.5 (SD 2.9), which was equal to the average of possible theoretical score. Overall, the main weaknesses of mobile apps in this review included the limited number of prenatal genetic tests mentioned; incomprehensiveness of testing information; unreliable and missing information sources; absence of developmental testing with users (not evidence based); high level of readability; and the lack of visual information, customization, and a text search field.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that the quality of mobile apps with prenatal genetic testing information must be improved and that pregnant women should be cautious when using these apps for prenatal genetic testing information. Obstetricians should carefully examine mobile apps before referring any of them to their patients for use as an educational tool. Both improving the quality of existing mobile apps, and developing new, evidence-based, high-quality mobile apps targeting all prenatal genetic tests should be the focus of mobile app developers going forward.
Characteristic of Soil Moisture in Indonesia Using ESA CCI Satellites Products
Authors: Fatkhuroyan Fatkhuroyan , Wati Trinah , Kurniawan Roni
Published: May 2021

Soil moisture (SM) is one of the energy and water exchange main drivers between the atmosphere and land surface. The study aims to analyze the soil moisture characteristics in Indonesia on monthly and seasonal time scales. The analysis uses mapping of monthly and seasonal ESA CCI SM satellite products of mean daily from 1979 to 2016. The results showed the spatial and temporal variability of SM in Indonesia. Sumatera has SM values > 0.3 m3/m3 almost throughout the year. Besides, Java has SM values > 0.3 m3/m3 from January to April and October to December while 0.2-0.3 m3/m3 from May to September. In Borneo, the SM value > 0.3 m3/m3 from February to June and November to December, while from July to September are 0.2-0.3 m3/m3. Sulawesi has SM values > 0.3 m3/m3 from January to July, on December, and 0.2-0.3 m3/m3 from august to November. Bali to Nusa Tenggara have SM values between 0.2-0.3 m3/m3 throughout the year, except <0.2 m3/m3 in Sumba, Timor Island, and Central Lombok from June to November. Maluku has SM values between 0.2-0.3 m3/m3 throughout the year, while Papua has SM values >0.3 m3/m3 throughout the year, except in Jayawijaya Mountain and South Papua. The ESA CCI SM product is essential for monitoring SM in Indonesia.
3D Modeling of Subsurface Lawanopo Fault In Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Using Grablox and its Consequence to Geohazard
Authors: Triani Triani , Umam Rofiqul , Sismanto Sismanto
Published: May 2021

Lawanopo Fault is a horizontal shear fault (sinistral strike-slip) found in Southeast Sulawesi province and is thought to be active during Plio-Pleistocene or mid-late Miocene to the present. This study has been carried out which aims to find out the geometric shapes below the surface of the Lawanopo fault using complete Bouguer anomaly (ABL) data.  The ABL data is projected onto a flat plane using the Dampney method at an altitude of 8 km, and the separation of local and regional anomalies is carried out using the upward continuation method at an altitude of 60 km. Three-dimensional (3D) modeling under the surface of the Lawanopo fault is done using the computer program Grablox. Data processing techniques using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Occam inversion. The results showed that a high gravity anomaly of 190-225 mGal was caused by an igneous rock below the surface with a density of 2.7-3.33 gr/cm3 and a thickness of about 13 km, a moderate anomaly of 175-187 mGal caused by Paleozoic igneous rocks aged Carbon with a density of 2.6-2.9 gr/cm3 and a thickness of about 25 km. Low anomaly 115-160 mGal is caused by rocks with a density of 2.0-2.5 gr/cm3 and a thickness of about 22-23 km. The Lawanopo fault constituent rocks consist of alkaline rocks in the basement covered by sediment and metamorphic with a depth of Lawanopo fault more than 15 km and begin to be seen at a depth of 4.3 km of the surface. it is known that the area around the Lawanopo fault is an area prone to earthquakes. But, based on the soil and rock structure around the Lawanopo fault, the compactness and attenuation levels in reducing earthquake waves are quite good, so that land use around the Lawanopo fault tends to be safe.
Social Capital and Social Capacity in Rural Ecotourism Development
Authors: Nugroho Iwan , Hanafie Rita , Negara Purnawan Dwikora , Sudiyono Sudiyono , Yuniar Hefifa Rhesa
Published: May 2021

The participation of rural people in ecotourism activity remains the question, whether they genuinely carry the vision of conservation or are forced to engage in meeting economic needs only. This question is fundamental for building better participation and management of ecotourism in rural areas. The research aims to discuss social capital and social capacities to empower ecotourism in rural areas. The study was carried out in the villages of Ngadas and Gombengsari using a survey approach, and employing descriptive and path analysis methods. The results show that social capital for managing ecotourism services demonstrated the functioning of institutions, networking capabilities, monitoring, evaluation, and innovation.  Social capacity is related to the regulation of institutional, social, economic, and environmental resources.  Social capacity was found more substantial in Gombengsari than Ngadas village.  The research is expected to strengthen the study of social capital as a stock/sink and its relationship with sustainability.
Sediment Movements in Estuary of Siak River, Riau Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Mubarak Mubarak , Nurhuda Ahmad
Published: May 2021

Siak river has a long history as a transportation lane in the east of Sumatera. From traditional to timber transportations are dependent on this river. Now the river is a severe suffering pollutant spill from many sources. Anthropological activities were higher contributions in the degradation of river environments. Many works were reported about pollution in Siak river. But how the distribution of model sediment transport in the mouth of the river is less to be explained. We consider hydrodynamics model of the mouth of Siak river for modeling the sediment distribution. This simulation gives a fundamental and clear understanding of how total solid sediment (TSS) distribution when flood and ebb tide happens. At ebb tide, TSS dispersion is higher than at flood tide. There is found that the sediment is concentrated in the plume of Siak river in Bengkalis strait. The composition of the sediment is dominated by organic matters.
Water Balance Supporting the Irrigation Water Demand in Java Island, Indonesia
Authors: Mediawan Yudha , Montarcih Lily , Soetopoi Widandi , Prayogo Tri Budi
Published: May 2021

Java is the most populous island with the largest percentage of rice fields in Indonesia. However, rice fields in Java Island often experience water shortages, so an analysis of the potential water availability for irrigation in Java is required. This research aims to analyze water's potential to meet irrigation water needs in each catchment area in Java. In this research, the potential for irrigation water in Java is calculated based on the balance of water balance between water availability and DMI and Irrigation water needs. This research is divided into two parts: (1) analysis of water availability using the WFLOW hydrological simulation; and (2) water demand analysis based on population statistical data. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the water balance between water resources and irrigation water needs in Java is still in the surplus category, even though there are deficits in several catchment areas (WS): in the Kepulauan Seribu, Wiso Gelis, and Welang Rejoso WS. WS with the most water availability is generally located in wide (WS) areas, while several WS with abundant water needs is generally located in WS with the densest population. According to The Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), the agricultural area in Java has decreased by an average of 20 thousand hectares per year, so that the demand for irrigation water on the island of Java will also decrease. Consequently, the excess water potential in Java Island needs to be allocated to meet the needs of DMI, which are increasing every year. In addition, the results also show that the development of irrigation areas in the future should be focused on large (WS) areas that have the potential for significant amounts of irrigation water.
Hydrogeological Risk Assessment for Groundwater Conservation in the Northeastern Slope Area of Mount Arjuno, Pasuruan Regency, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Kusumayudha Sari Bahagiarti , Pratiknyo Puji , Riswandi Herry , Muryani Eni
Published: May 2021

The northeastern slope of Mount Arjuno, Pasuruan district, East Java province, Indonesia represents a vast and good groundwater resource quality, generally be exploited by some companies for drinking water industries. Water unbalance and quality degradation is presumed to arise because groundwater extraction volume is getting bigger but less control by the regency authority. This study is to figure out the geologic condition and hydrogeological system, conduct groundwater exploitation risk assessment, and develop a conservation program. The study results show that the study area's geomorphological units can be divided into the volcanic summit, volcanic slope, fluvial plain, and anticlinal hills. The lithology comprises sandstone, breccia, and andesite lava of Mount Arjuno and Mount Welirang. The geological structures are anticline, normal fault, and lateral slip fault. Hydrologically, there are three watersheds, including Lumbangrejo, Ketanireng, and Prigen watersheds. The aquifers comprise unconfined to semi-confined aquifers with fissures and intergranular porosity. Based on risk assessment valuation, Pecalukan village of the Ketanireng watershed and Lumbangrejo village of the Lumbangrejo watershed are categorized as very high groundwater vulnerability zones, Karangrejo and Sukoreno villages of the Lumbangrejo watershed, Kedungringin, Kepulungan, and Gunungsari villages of the Ketanireng watershed are categorized as medium vulnerability zone. While, Ngorong village of the Lumbangrejo watershed, Gempeng, Oro-Ombo, Kalisat, and Dukuhsari villages of the Prigen watershed belong to the low vulnerability zone. The proposed conservation programs involve profitable water use safety campaigns, domestic waste, and industrial wastewater management, agricultural activities controlling, sandstone mining regulation, and reforestation.
Inhabit the Change: Circular Design & Iot
Authors: Palco Valentina , Mussari Ester R.
Published: May 2021

To solve the problems associated with precarious contemporary housing, it is essential to intervene with structural housing reform. Therefore, it is necessary to start from semantics and read space on the one hand, as a moment where history, traditions and culture meet; on the other hand, as a key to overcome obstacles and general obsolescence.The state of the art includes: repetition of self-built and unregulated low-quality typologies, high migration rate, and socio-economic changes; the consequences are: low-quality buildings, overcrowded or uninhabited urban centers, obsolete spatiality. Today, the challenge is to design in a short time and with high qualitative standards, without giving in to hypertechnology but finding a balancing strategy. It is a matter of anticipating what cannot be expected, and responding to the multitude of ever-changing needs inherent to an atypical user.“Inhabiting” in this perspective must be increasingly “smart and sustainable”. This is done through interactive design, which increasingly uses digitized services and connects objects and people. The goal is to move towards DfD, «Design for Disassembly», through “change” as a paradigm, and the solution is in our homes.
Adhesive compound of composite materials in conditions of accelerated climatic aging
Authors: Martynov Gleb V. , Monastyreva Daria E. , Astafieva Natalia S.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Pultruded fiberglass can be called the material of the future due to its properties — high strength, low weight, resistance to aggressive environment. Important aspects for the development of composite materials are surface treatment methods and methods of connecting structural elements. Glue compound has proven itself as the most effective, but there remains a need to conduct studies of its durability. The method of accelerated cyclic thermal tests allows to determine the expected changes in the strength of adhesive bonding in a short time.

Materials and methods. Samples, which are three glued plates of SPPS fiberglass construction, were processed in a climate chamber and after each cycle they were tested on a GRM-1 machine. One climatic test cycle included being in a chamber with high humidity and temperature and then moving into the cold chamber. The specimens were tested prior to spalling, and the resulting disruptive stresses were recorded. The last test cycle corresponded to five years of operation of the structure.

Results. The tests of the samples showed a significant change in the characteristics of the compounds over time. In the first two years of operation, a decrease in strength of 25 % is expected. The last characteristic test point, corresponding to five years, showed a drop to 60 % of the initial characteristics.

Conclusions. The results should be considered at the design stage of supporting structures that are not protected from contact with the external environment. The factors of strength reduction after 100 years may be included in the regulatory documents for the calculation of especially important structures.
Calculation of indoor air temperature using dimensionless parameters for integrated climate control systems
Authors: Samarin Oleg D.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. It is noted that the improvement of the technology for calculating the thermal regime of premises in the conditions of automation of climate systems is still relevant. The aim of the work is to find a universal dependence of the air temperature in the building premises on time in conditions of a jump in heat access or heat loss for the integral law of regulating the compensatory heat flow from microclimate systems. In the form of a scientific hypothesis, we consider the statement about the power nature of such a dependence with the presence of a maximum and an asymptotic tendency to zero.

Materials and methods. The study involves the use of basic equations that relate the most significant components of heat flows in rooms serviced by microclimate systems equipped with integrated controllers under conditions of abrupt changes in thermal disturbances. The method of dimension analysis is used to identify dimensionless complexes that are essential for obtaining engineering dependencies, as well as software calculation of sums of infinite series with a given accuracy, numerical solution of nonlinear equations, and the method of power series economization.

Results. An analytical expression is found for changes in room temperature under integrated control of climate equipment under conditions of a jump in heat availability, which has the form of an infinite series in degrees of a dimensionless parameter that characterizes the properties of the room and the automation system. A simplified expression for the deviation of air temperature is obtained and a formula for the required control time is derived, as well as its estimation is given on the example of one residential building in the climatic conditions of Moscow.

Conclusions. It is shown that the dependence of the air temperature in a room serviced by microclimate systems with integrated controllers on time is represented in a universal dimensionless form, suitable for any objects regardless of their specific characteristics. The previously discovered relationships for the moment of maximum deviation and the value of the dynamic control error depending on the air exchange of the room, the transmission coefficient of the controller and the room’s own heat stability are confirmed and refined.
STAY IN THE ULM UNIVERSITY CLINIC (GERMANY)
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Kamiandrouskaya A.A. , Pokhodenko-Chudakova I.O. ,   Belorussian State Medical University, Lastovka A.S. ,   Belorussian State Medical University, Yadchenko E.S. ,   Gomel State Medical University, Gorbachev V.V. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Kosova M.S. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Kabanava A.A. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Averchankava N.A. ,   Ziegelberg Women’s Hospital
Published: May 2021

In March 2020 I was in the Ulm University Clinic for 2 weeks. My internship course took place on the basis of the department of general and visceral surgery. The work in the clinic is structured in such a way that not only surgeons but also doctors of the adjoining specialties, trainees and students participate in the discussion of patients’ treatment. And at the morning conferences, a resuscitator, a radiologist and an endoscopist must always be present. The operating unit has all necessary equipment in sufficient quantity. Preoperative preparation is carried out by the anesthetic team in the preoperative room. A special role is given to the patient’s thermal isolation using special blankets, protection of the patient’s eyes with a patch, and perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. In addition to the operating surgeon and two main assistants, the operating team obligatorily includes a student. Continuous training by senior surgeons of junior ones is practiced. Basic surgical instruments are represented with everything you need. In the postoperative period all drugs are charged into infusion machines at a daily dosage, which simplifies the work of paramedical personnel and also reduces the risk of catheter infection. When entering a medical university the competition is initially very high (more than 20 people per place). All doctors work in a unified team, there is no strict division into university chairs and clinic departments. Two weeks spent in the Ulm University Clinic have shaped my understanding of medical care and medical education in Germany, acquainted me with the specificity of the surgical service and the technical features of performing surgical interventions.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF TEST SYSTEMS FOR DETERMINING THE EXPRESSION OF THE BIRC5 AND HER-2/NEU GENES IN LABORATORY ANIMALS USING PCR WITH FLUORESCENCE DETECTION AND EVALUATION OF THEIR EFFECTIVENESS
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Semenov V.M. , Pabiarzhyn V.V. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Pashinskaya E.S. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Egorov S.K. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Gorbachev V.V. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Kosova M.S. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Kabanava A.A. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Averchankava N.A. ,   Ziegelberg Women’s Hospital
Published: May 2021

Objectives. To develop primers and probes for detecting the expression of the BIRC5 and HER-2/neu genes and to optimize the reactions with the subsequent creation of PCR test systems with a fluorescent detection method. Material and methods. Achieving this goal included 5 stages, as a result of which two test systems were developed to determine the expression of the BIRC5 and HER-2/neu genes by real-time PCR in the experiment. Results. Two test systems for determining the expression of the BIRC5 and HER-2/neu genes in laboratory animals by means of PCR with fluorescence detection have been developed, that are highly sensitive and effective. Conclusions. The developed test system can be used for determining changes in the expression of the given genes during experiments of biological, veterinary and medical profiles.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF ADRB2 GENE POLYMORPHISM AND EXTERNAL RESPIRATORY FUNCTION IN CHILDREN WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Minina E.S. , Novikova V.I. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Novikov P.D. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Babenka A.S. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Gorbachev V.V. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Kosova M.S. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Kabanava A.A. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Averchankava N.A. ,   Ziegelberg Women’s Hospital
Published: May 2021

Objectives. To study the role of the ADRB2 gene polymorphism (rs1042713) in the impaired external respiratory function in children with bronchial asthma (BA). Material and methods. The study group included 60 children aged 3-17 years with allergic (n=37) and mixed form of BA (n=23). The genotyping of the investigated gene locus was performed by PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism), BA control was exercised using the Asthma Control Test (ACT). Results. The analysis of allele frequencies showed an association of allele A with normal spirogram parameters in patients with BA (p=0.042). In children under 12 years, there were statistically significant differences in spirogram indices when comparing patients with genotypes AA and GG (p=0.045). An association of allele A with the absence of pathological changes was revealed when evaluating the results of spirometry (p=0.021). There was a moderate positive correlation (r=0.615, p=0.011) between the assessment of nocturnal symptoms (Asthma Control Test) and the genotype of the ADRB2 gene polymorphism in children aged 12 years and older. Conclusions. An association of the ADRΒ2 gene polymorphism (rs1042713) with the external respiratory function was revealed in an objective study by spirometry and a subjective assessment of this indicator by the patient himself/herself or by his/her parents. This gene locus can be included in the BA target panel in order to determine the likelihood of uncontrolled course development of the disease with impaired external respiratory function and in the future to develop an individual program for dispensary observation of the patient.
Corroboration Development and Regulatory approval of Fibrin Sealant
Authors: Avni Shah  , Viqar Ahmed  , Piyush Patel  , Bhavin Trivedi  , Sagar Vidya
Published: May 2021

Objective

Finding the relation between scientific evidence development and regulatory approval of medical devices in existing markets, USA (United states of America) and EU (European Union)

Design

To understand this relation, we used evidence development of fibrin sealant as a case study. In general fibrin sealant is a good case study because there is a lot of information available about it.

A systematic review method based on the Cochrane handbook was used to find the evidence development regarding fibrin sealant. We investigated different indications of fibrin sealant, the year of publication, and the phases in clinical trials. To find the procedures and requirements of the approval for fibrin sealant, we searched the government website of their regulatory agencies FDA (Food and Drug Administration), EMA (European Medicine Agency), and CFDA (China Food and Drug Administration).

Results

The relation between evidence development and approval, we found that the cumulative publications of fibrin sealant increased almost in a straight line from 1998 to 2019. Regarding the applications of fibrin sealant, in the first four years after 1998, no new applications were approved, the next four years, two applications were approved, in the four years after that, there were four new applications.

Conclusions

In the first years, the amount of new approved applications is very low, compared to the amount of new publications, but afterwards it goes much faster. Even though fibrin sealant seems to be a Medical Device, the regulatory approval takes time to catch up. For the future research, it would be interesting to also include sales data of fibrin sealant to analyse how sales data influences the medical device companies’ strategies for publication and market approval.
Evaluation of the effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Cassia occidentalis seeds in neutrophil adhesion test in Rats
Authors: Patel Dhaval M M , Patel Advaita B , Patel Bhumi R , Trivedi Riddhi D , Patel Deepa R
Published: May 2021

Evaluation of the effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Cassia occidentalis seeds in neutrophil adhesion test in Rats. The effect of oral administration of hydroalcoholic extract of Cassia occidentalis seeds on neutrophil has been studied and is compared with control group on rats. The differential leukocyte count (DLC) was performed by fixing the blood smears and staining with leucofine and percent neutrophils in each sample was determined. After the initial counts, blood samples were incubated with 80 mg/ml of nylon fibers for 10 min at 37ºC. Supplementation with hydroalcoholic extract of Cassia occidentalis seedss significantly decreased neutrophil adhesion. The results indicate that the seed of Cassia occidentalis is endowed with protected neutrophil adhesion. Keywords: Cassia occidentalis, Neutrophil, analysis of variance
Clinical diagnostic and treatment of COVID 19 of bilateral pneumonia: Case report
Authors: Otljanski A , Kipevska K
Published: May 2021

In 2019 year the world was attacked with corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) and in march 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic.The symptoms and clinical state in this COVID-19 infection was different, from asymptomatic to mild and severe symptoms, which presented different form of disease: mild, moderate or severe, with or without complications. We presented case with COVID 19 pneumonia as one of the form of COVID infection, with diagnosis, treatment and all investigations we done in our hospital. With complex treatment of this virus infection we successful improved the clinical state of patients with COVID 19 pneumonia.

Keywords: coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, COVID 19 pneumonia
A Pharmacological Potential of Adina cordifolia
Authors: Dalu Aishwarya P. , Zagare Vinayak S. , Avchar Priyamala E. , Kadam Megha P. , Ingole Ashwini S. , Nagrik Shatrughna U. , Patil Prashant A.
Published: May 2021

Adina cordifolia belongs to the Rubiaceae family. Flavonoids, carbohydrate, alkaloid, saponin, phenol, tannins, terpenoids, and cardiac glycosides were found in Adina cordifolia plant extracts. Herbal medicines have been the highly esteemed source of medicine throughout human history. They are widely used today indicating that herbs are a growing part of modern, high-tech medicine. The medicinal plants, besides having natural therapeutic values against various diseases and considerable works have been done on these plants to treat chronic Cough, Jaundice, Stomachaches, Cancer, Diabetes, and a variety of other ailments. Present review deals with botanical description and various pharmacological action, and medicinal uses of Adina cordifolia.

Keywords: Adina cordifolia, Pharmacological Potential, Extract, Taxonomy.
Use of Antibiotics in Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of Delhi
Authors: Zulqarnain Md. , Singh Sanjit , Prasad Abhishek , Abdullah , , Palit Tanaya
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prescribing pattern of antibiotics in URTI patients attending the OPD and IPD of HAHC Hospital, a tertiary care teaching hospital of Jamia Hamdard, associated with HIMSR, New Delhi.

URTI account for millions of visits to family physicians each year. Although warranted in some cases, antibiotics are greatly overused. In the present study, an overall antibiotic prescription rate for adult patients with URTI was 45.6% whereas 54.4% patients were on non-antibiotic treatment. In our study the antibiotics were prescribed in 10.5% cases of common cold, 76.47% cases of pharyngitis, 63.15% cases of laryngitis, 100% cases of otitis media and 52.38% cases of sinusitis. The most commonly prescribed antibiotic was azithromycin which was prescribed collectively in 70.3% cases of common cold, pharyngitis, laryngitis, and sinusitis. The combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid was prescribed in remaining 29.7% cases suffering from pharyngitis. sinusitis, and otitis media. The antibiotic prescription at Hospital is in line with the ICMR guidelines for URTIs.

We found adverse drug reactions in only 9% cases receiving azithromycin and combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. The adverse drug reaction reported with azithromycin was diarrhoea, stomach pain, nausea and vomiting whereas only diarrhoea was reported with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid combination. No other unexpected adverse drug reaction was observed in this study.

Keywords: URTI, Antibiotics, Azithromycin and co-morbidities.
Formulation of shea butter Nanoparticle containing griseofulvin: a combination of antifungal and anti-inflammatory treatments
Authors: Dieng Sidy Mouhamed , Séne Madieye , Fall Ahmedou Bamba Koueimel , Diop Moussa , Sy Papa Mady , Diouf Louis Augustin Diaga , Djiboune Alphonse Rodrigue , Soumboundou Mamadou , Mbaye Gora , Diarra Mounibé , Thioune Oumar
Published: May 2021

Nanomedicine has been a booming industry with the development of nanovectors to encapsulate water-soluble or amphiphilic molecules for drug delivery. As the new therapeutic agents synthesized are increasingly lipophilic, the development of new nanoparticulate vectors allowing their transport and targeting is now a major challenge. These particles are lipid nanoparticles, a few hundred nanometers in diameter, stabilized by a layer of surfactants composed of castor oil and stealth agents. Solid lipid nanoparticles based on shea butter, stabilized by cremophor® ELP, encapsulating griseofulvin, were formulated by the temperature phase inversion method. The shea butter nanoparticles thus obtained were the subject of characterization relating to: determination of the morphology, size, polydispersity index, pH and zeta potential. The results confirm the stability of our preparations. The anti-inflammatory activity of shea butter being known, the tests were carried out on mice. The inflammation was induced by a solution of croton oil acetone. There is a very big improvement in anti-inflammatory activity. This is due to better penetration of the preparation through the different layers of the skin. Griseofulvin release studies have been carried out on our various preparations. Systems designed as reservoirs of active ingredients and intended for a priori controlled release obey kinetics of the order of one-half (½) corresponding to a proportionality between the quantity released and the square root of time. Shea butter in nanoparticulate forms has thus enabled us to considerably prolong the release of griseofulvin.

Keywords: Nanoparticles; Shea Butter; Inflammation; Griseofulvin.
Review Article Trigonella foenum graecum (Methi): An important botanical drug of Unani system of medicine for the management of gynecological disorders
Authors: Ansari Shamim , Begum Wajeeha , Ahmad Haqeeq
Published: May 2021

Hulbah (methi) is a botanical drug used in traditional system of medicine and claimed to be effective in the management of gynecological disorders. In this study the aim is to review the role of Hulbah in the management of gynecological disorders (like Warm-e-Rahim, Warm-e-Unq-ur-Rahim, Cervicitis, galactogouge, dysmenorrhea uterine tonic, emmenagogue, labour pain, Mudirr-e-boul, Mudirr-e-Haiz, Mushile Wilaadat, Salabat Rehm, Warm-e-Rehm, Quruhal Rahim) as mentioned in Unani literature. A review of literature on Hulbah was undertaken using the bibliographic database viz. Pub Med, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Scopus. The search was conducted using the terms ‘Hulbah’, ‘Methi’, ‘Trigonella foenum-gracum’, ‘Fenugreek ’and ‘Hu Lu Ba’. Further, books published in Urdu and English were used to compile the information as representative literature in Unani medicine. The result of review enumerated that Hulbah as such and as an ingredient in various formulations has been used for the management of gynecological disorders since ancient times mainly by the practitioners of traditional medicines. Literature of Unani medicine clearly indicated that Hulbah and its different formulations are safe in gynecological disorders. Sufficient information in respect of Antiarthritic effect, Antibacterial and Antifungal activity, Hypolipidemic effect, Anthelmintic activity, Estrogenic activities, Effect on polycystic ovarian syndrome, Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities etc., of Hulbah are available.  Hulbah and its formulations have been claimed by Unani medicine to be useful in the management of gynecological disorders. Modern scientific reports though scarce, also suggest the possibility of such an effect.

Keywords: Methi: Hulbah: Trigonella foenum gracium: Fenugreek
Quality indicators for science communication: results from a collaborative concept mapping exercise
Authors: Olesk Arko , Renser Berit , Bell Laura , Fornetti Alessandra , Franks Suzanne , Mannino Ilda , Roche Joseph , Schmidt Ana Lucia , Schofield Barbara , Villa Roberta , Zollo Fabiana
Published: May 2021

Although the need to improve quality of science communication is often mentioned in public discussions, the science communication literature offers few conceptualizations of quality. We used a concept mapping approach, involving representatives of various science communication stakeholder groups working collaboratively, to propose a framework of quality. The framework organizes individual elements of quality into twelve indicators arranged into three dimensions: trustworthiness and scientific rigour, presentation and style, and connection with society. The framework supports science communicators in reflecting on their current practices and designing new activities, potentially improving communication effectiveness.
A question of dialogue? Reflections on how citizen science can enhance communication between science and society
Authors: Wagenknecht Katherin , Woods Tim , Nold Christian , Rüfenacht Simone , Voigt-Heucke Silke , Caplan Anne , Hecker Susanne , Vohland Katrin
Published: May 2021

Citizen science is a transdisciplinary approach that responds to the current science policy agenda: in terms of supporting open science, and by using a range of science communication instruments. In particular, it opens up scientific research processes by involving citizens at different phases; this also creates a range of opportunities for science communication to happen This article explores methodological and practical characteristics of citizen science as a form of science communication by examining three case studies that took different approaches to citizens' participation in science. Through these, it becomes clear that communication in citizen science is ‘÷always’ science communication and an essential part of “doing science”.
Predicting real estate market trends and value using pre-processing and sentiment text mining analysis
Authors: Sinyak Nikolay , Tajinder Singh , Madhu Kumari Jaglan , Kozlovskiy Vitaliy
Published: May 2021

Ubiquitous growth in the text mining field is unprecedented, where social media mining is playing a significant role. Gigantic growth of text mining is becoming a potential source of crowd wisdom extraction and analysis especially in terms of text pre-processing and sentiment analysis. The analysis of a potential influence of sentiment on real estate markets controversially discussed by scholars of finance, valuation and market efficiency supporters. Therefore, it’s a significant task of current research purview which not only provide an appropriate platform for the contributors but also for active real estate market information seekers. Text mining has gained the widespread attention of real estate market information users which is almost on explosion level. Accessibility of data on such behemoth scale mandates regular and critical analysis of this information for various perspectives’ plausibility. Rich patterns of online social text can be exploited to extract the relevant real estate information effectively. As text mining plays a significant and crucial role in discovery of these insights therefore its challenges and contribution in social media analysis must be explored extensively. In this paper, we provide a brief about the current summary of the modern state of text mining in pre-processing and sentiment for the real estate market analysis. Empha-sis is placed on the resources and learning mechanism available to real estate researchers and practitioners, as well as the major text mining tasks of interest to the community. Thus, the main aim of this chapter is to expound and intellectualize the domains of social media which are accessible on an extraordinary range in the field of text mining real estate for predicting real estate market trends and value.
Risk modeling at the pre-investment phase of nuclear powerplant construction on the international market
Authors: Graboviy Petr , Berezka Vitaly
Published: May 2021

Involvement in the construction of nuclear power plants worldwide is a promising direction for developing the re-search and technological potential of engineering and general contracting companies in Russia. Nevertheless, Russian companies, involved in the construction of nuclear power plants (NPPs) abroad, need to adapt to foreign jurisdictions, their requirements and rules applied to the construction of hazardous industrial facilities, as well as unique social, economic and physical environments. In this regard, international activities, performed by Russian companies, are associated with uncertainty and risks that require the study and systematization of risk factors and development of risk management models.

The statistical data, covering the recent ten-year period, illustrates the level of uncertainty and problems arising in this area. Over 60 % of nuclear reactors worldwide are built with a delay in construction. The consequences of such delays boost project costs. Major international corporations, implementing nuclear power plant construction projects abroad, consider the insufficient pre-project study of project organization and management issues at the stage of entering into an EPC (M) contract to be the risk factors arising in the pre-investment phase.

Risk management modeling is considered as the main element of the system designated for managing the organizational and economic reliability of the pre-investment phase of NPP construction in the international market. It includes: (a) structuring a multiparametric risk factor space based on four sources, including, on the part of the customer, the EPC (M) contractor, the contract and the external environment; (b) a pre-investment risk management model, applicable to NPP construction abroad, to be based on the overall project risk P(rt1); (c) a mathematical model for selecting a project implementation option based on the multicriterial optimization of the future-oriented project plan-schedule.
The situation and solutions to develop Green Building in Vietnam
Authors: Hai Doan Duong , Hong Duyen Dang Thi , Doan Hai Uyen
Published: May 2021

Housing in Vietnames megacities is quite expensive due to limited land availability. Besides, green housing investment requires higher implementation costs than non-green housing investments, plus a Green Building certification fee implemented by international organizations. Despite specific difficulties and problems, green real estate projects bring economic benefits to both investors and users in the long run.

Green building development is a trend that is particularly interested in by governments and real estate developers.

Through analyzing the current status of Green Building development in Vietnam, the authors have discovered barriers, limitations, and proposed solutions.

To develop green buildings effectively, investors need to operate a 5-step process throughout the project life cycle, including Green planning — Green design — Green construction — Green operation — Green lifestyle. Using environmentally friendly materials, energy-saving efficiency in green housing is no longer an unattainable dream for urban residents in Vietnam.
Distopia e utopia na obra de David Simon: uma leitura de The Plot Against America
Authors: Carvalho André
Published: May 2021

O objetivo principal deste artigo é discutir os elementos distópicos e utópicos presentes nas séries televisivas escritas ou produzidas por David Simon, como The Wire e Show me a Hero, com especial atenção à análise de The Plot Against America, adaptação recente realizada por David Simon e Ed Burns do romance homônimo de Philip Roth, que narra uma “história alternativa” em que os Estados Unidos elegem Charles Lindbergh como presidente e aliam-se às forças do Eixo na Segundo Guerra Mundial. Em primeiro lugar, estabelecemos a centralidade do conceito de distopia no debate político contemporâneo a partir da eleição de Donald Trump em 2016. Identificamos que o termo desponta subliminarmente no discurso de vitória da vice-presidenta eleita, Kamala Harris, representando a tendência apontada por Jill Lepore de reforço da polarização política. Em seguida, examinamos a discussão em torno do conceito de distopia, o que nos ajudará a fazer um levantamento, nas demais séries de David Simon, também de seus elementos utópicos, cujos limites temáticos e formais revelam-se exemplares de uma classe política alinhada ao Partido Democrata. Argumentamos que Simon se apoia em uma utopia do trabalho, da socialdemocracia e da família, e que cada um desses elementos se conjuga tanto às convenções do formato do seriado televisivo dramático contemporâneo quanto às transformações políticas do período pós-fordista e neoliberal a partir do final dos anos 1970.