bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La zaratita de Cabo Ortegal (A Coruña): historia de su descubrimiento y caracterización actual
Authors: La Iglesia A. , Garcia-Guinea J. , González del Tánago J.
Published: June 2014

La zaratita, Ni3CO3(OH)4.4H2O es uno de los pocos minerales descubiertos en España. Por ser una fase de baja cristalinidad y presentar una composición química variable según los diferentes yacimientos, la International Mineralogical Association (IMA) actualmente la considera con status Q (questioned). En este artículo se analizan en primer lugar los descubrimientos, casi simultáneos, del mineral español y del llamado “Emerald of Nickel” de Texas, Lancaster County, Pennsilvania (USA), de similar composición química, que dieron lugar a la actual zaratita, donde el mineral español aportó el nombre y el americano la composición química y la descripción de las propiedades físicas. En segundo lugar, se presenta una nueva caracterización de la muestra histórica de zaratita de Cabo Ortegal, por microsonda electrónica, microscopia electrónica de barrido, difracción de rayos-X, análisis termo-gravimétricos y termo-diferenciales, micro-Raman, espectroscopia infrarroja y catodoluminiscencia espectral y se discuten los resultados analíticos.
Shopping Well-Being and Ill-Being
Authors: Lee Dong-Jin , Yu Grace B. , Sirgy M. Joseph , Ekici Ahmet , Gurel-Atay Eda , Bahn Kenneth D.
Published: June 2014

In this chapter, the authors make an attempt to review and integrate much of the research on shopping well-being and ill-being experiences. The integrated model identifies the antecedents of these two focal constructs in terms of situational, individual, and cultural factors. The consequences of shopping well-being and ill-being experiences on life satisfaction (or subjective well-being) are explained through a bottom-up spillover process. Managerial implications and avenues for future research are also discussed.
City Trees and Consumer Response in Retail Business Districts
Authors: Wolf Kathleen L.
Published: June 2014

Many cities and communities are working toward urban sustainability goals. Yet, retailers and merchants may not find environmental benefits to be compelling when compared to the direct costs of landscape and trees. Nonetheless, a quality outdoor environment may provide atmospherics effects that extend store appeal to the curb and heighten the positive experiences and psychological reactions of visitors while in a shopping district. A multi-study program of research shows that having a quality urban forest canopy within business districts and commercial areas can promote positive shopper perceptions and behavior. Positive responses include store image, patronage behavior, and willingness to pay more for goods and services. This chapter provides a summary of the research, connects results to psychological marketing theory, provides evidence-based design recommendations, and makes suggestions for potential future research activity.
Retailer-Non-Profit Organization (NPO) Partnerships
Authors: Rudkowski Janice
Published: June 2014

This chapter focuses on strategic retailer-Non-Profit Organization (NPO) partnerships, based in North America and Europe, from a management perspective. It explores how and why these partnerships have had an impact on the retailer-consumer relationship, how they have shaped and influenced socially conscious shoppers, and how they have affected consumer trust as well as retail business practices and strategies, within the last decade. Retailer-NPO partnerships have emerged as a viable business strategy to support Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives now commonplace among most large retail organizations. Consumers have become empowered, with the help of new social media technologies, to efficiently communicate, influence, and persuade other consumers around the globe. Therefore, consumers increasingly expect retailers to have an ethical and social responsibility to their people, products, operations, and communities. CSR practices have become integral to retailer sustainability and managing complex retailer-consumer relationships. This chapter reviews relevant theoretical frameworks, discusses the latest research findings from literature sources, and examines the industry practices (case studies) of several retailer-NPO partnerships across North America and Europe.
Meanings and Implications of Corporate Social Responsibility and Branding in Grocer Retailers
Authors: Candelo Elena , Casalegno Cecilia , Civera Chiara
Published: June 2014

The chapter demonstrates the extent to which companies operating in the Retailing Grocery industry use Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as driver to enhance their brand and pursue commercial value, or to purely redefine their business priorities in accordance to evolving consumers' needs and expectations by making CSR a new concrete business model and evolving towards the concept of Corporate Shared Value (CSV). The study is addressed to analyse the matter of facts in two different European geographical areas: Italy and United Kingdom, chosen because of the peculiar approaches in companies' attitude towards CSR and CSV, ultimately. Many differences and some relevant similarities in the implementation of CSV as new strategic model between the countries have emerged, with UK showing the most formalized and standardized integration between social and economic value within its Grocer Retailer companies' business activities.
Failure Behavior and Numerical Simulation of the Local Damage of Ultra High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete Subjected to High Velocity Impact
Authors: Cheon Seong Bong , Beppu Masuhiro , Sonoda Yoshimi , Itoh Masaharu
Published: June 2014

This study presents the local damage of ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete plates. Impact test of the reinforced concrete plates using two different short fibers are conducted to examine the failure behavior and impact resistant performance. Material models are discussed and proposed by simulating the high speed tri-compressive and uni-tensile tests. Numerical simulations of the impact tests are carried out. Numerical results show good agreements with the test results.
Impact Deformation and Dislocation Substructure of Ti-6Al-7Nb Biomedical Alloy
Authors: Lee Woei Shyan , Chen Chia Wei
Published: June 2014

The high temperature deformation and dislocation substructure of Ti-6Al-7Nb biomedical alloy are investigated under high strain rate loading conditions using a split-Hopkinson pressure bar. Impact tests are performed at strain rates ranging from 1x103s-1 to 3x103s-1 and temperatures of 300°Cand 700°C, respectively. The experimental results show that the flow stress, work hardening coefficient and strain rate sensitivity all increase with increasing strain rate, but decrease with increasing temperature. Transmission electron microscopy observations reveal that the dislocation density increases with increasing strain rate, but decreases with increasing temperature. A pronounced thermal softening effect is observed in the specimens deformed at 700°C due to the rapid annihilation of the dislocations. However, a work hardening effect occurs at higher strain rates and lower temperatures due to an enhanced degree of dislocation multiplication and tangling. Finally, a linear relationship is observed between the square root of the dislocation density and the flow stress.
Dynamic Material Characterization Using Digital Image Correlation
Authors: Gilat Amos , Seidt Jeremy D.
Published: June 2014

Digital Image Correlation is a non-contact optical technique for measuring the full-field deformation on the surface of a deforming specimen. The technique was initially used in quasi-static experiments, but with the development of high speed digital cameras is used also in dynamic experiments. This use of the Digital Image Correlation technique in several dynamic experiments is presented. This includes the compression and tensile split Hopkinson bar tests, a shear test for specimens made of sheet metal, a dynamic punch test, tensile test of Kevlar cloth and Kevlar yarn, and an intermediate strain rate test in compression.
Thermal Processing History and Resulting Impact Response of a Hot-Formed Component with Tailored Properties – Numerical Study
Authors: Worswick Michael J. , George Ryan , Bardelcik Alex , Ten Kortenaar Luke , Detwiler Duane
Published: June 2014

The impact modeling of a hot-formed component with tailored mechanical properties is studied to understand the influence of the thermal processing history and how the final properties of the component will affect its impact response. This paper presents a numerical study of the forming and quenching process and subsequent impact simulations. The processing simulations serve to predict the final microstructure and hardness distribution within a lab-scale B-pillar component that is processed using a tool with separate heated and cooled regions. A remapping algorithm is used to translate the results of the forming simulation to the impact simulation. A strain-rate sensitive material model is applied to model the response of these tailored microstructures during impact events. A comparison between a component that is fully hardened and a tailored component with regions of lower strength but increased ductility is presented in this work. Simulations that do not consider the onset of fracture predict superior peak impact load and energy absorption of the fully martensitic component due to its higher overall strength. However, the bainitic regions within the tailored component exhibit much higher ductility. Current work is addressing the introduction of failure criteria into simulations of tailored hot stamped components under impact loading for which the tailored component is expected to demonstrate superior resistance to cracking relative to the fully hardened component.
An Examination of DOP Test of Ceramic Tile Subjected to Long Rod Penetration
Authors: Yuan Jian Ming , Tan Geoffrey E.B.
Published: June 2014

Depth of penetration (DOP) test of ceramic tile subjected to long rod impact was analyzed by applying the Tate model. This paper investigated the influence of impact velocity and tile thickness on the ballistic performance measurement of the tested ceramic tiles. DOP test was simplified as an eroding rod penetrating a target composed of multilayered materials. Through applying the Tate model, the method of obtaining the numerical solution was proposed. For a constant impact velocity, it was found that the measured differential tile efficiency (DEF) was independent of the thickness of the ceramics tiles. But the measured DEF decreased as the impact velocity increased. These analytical conclusions were verified by the using of the results of DOP tests of SiC and Al2O3 tiles subjected to impact of long tungsten alloy rods at a nominal impact velocity of 1.3 km/s.
Projectile Mass Loss Model Using the Coefficient of Friction for High-Speed Penetration into Concrete
Authors: Qian Fei , Wu Hai Jun , Huang Feng Lei , Pi Ai Guo , Ma Xiu Fang
Published: June 2014

In this paper, a model of the friction coefficient in the high-speed penetration process has been used, which considers the micro-asperities of the projectile surface, the adiabatic shearing and the heat conduction on the nose of projectile. It also considers that the coefficient of friction is a function of the sliding velocity. Then, an analytical model of mass loss based on the coefficient of friction and the revised dynamic spherical cavity expansion theory of the concrete material is constructed. An analytical estimate for the work done by friction force in the penetration could be calculated and the evaluation of mass loss of projectile could also be calculated by the heat translated from the work done by friction force. Finally, a comparative analysis between the calculated data and the experimental data of mass loss is done.
Penetration Velocity Measurement in Sands Using Magnet-Coil Gages
Authors: Watanabe Keiko , Fukuma Syungo , Yoshisaka Tadashi , Kobayashi Hidetoshi
Published: June 2014

Dynamics of projectile penetration into sand depends greatly on the features of motion and state of the sand material at the interface with the projectile. The goal of this study is to clarify the behavior of projectile during penetration under the impulse loading induced by the plate impact using a vertical powder gun. In this paper, we constructed an accurate and reliable technique for measuring projectile penetration velocity into sand. “Magnet-Coil” gage method was suggested on the basis of electromagnetic induction phenomena due to movement of the projectile having magnet. We confirmed that it has sufficient measurement accuracy.
Simulations of High Velocity Impacts of Ice on Carbon/Epoxy Composite Laminates
Authors: Pernas-Sánchez Jesús , Artero-Guerrero José Alfonso , Varas David , López-Puente Jorge
Published: June 2014

In this work simulations of high velocity impacts of ice spheres on carbon/epoxy laminates are accomplished. The Drucker-Prager model has been chosen to describe the mechanical behavior of the ice under high velocity impact conditions. Results have been validated by means of experimental tests performed in a wide range of impact velocities. The delaminated area was chosen as comparison variable, and reflects that the model predicts adequately the impact process.
Digital Control of Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation Based Shunt Active Filter
Authors: Kumar C.S. Subash , Gopalakrishnan V. , Dhanasekaran R. , Vaikundaselvan B.
Published: June 2014

The wide spread use of power electronics equipments in modern electrical systems, has became a major concern due to the adverse effects of harmonics on all the sensitive equipments. This paper presents the implementation of shunt active power filter (SAPF) using source voltage and source current detection. The control and implementation of SAPF is being done by instantaneous active and reactive power, PQ theory for the extraction of harmonics from the fundamental and for the generation of Pulses for the voltage source inverter (VSI), space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) is used. The harmonics present in the system are computed and the controller generates PWM signals to inject the compensating harmonic current back into the line to cancel the harmonic components in the distorted line. The performance of proposed topology is first examined by MATLAB-SIMLINK-based simulation and the prototype hardware has been developed using DSP TMS320F28027 processor and the results were verified. The Total harmonic distortion (THD) is below the specified limits.
Design and Evaluation of PI Controller for Four Switch BLDC Motor Drive
Authors: Kumar C. Senthil , Kumar N. Senthil , Krishna Veni K.S.
Published: June 2014

This article presents a comprehensive study on implementing four switch brushless DC (BLDC) motor drive for variable speed applications with PI controller. In this system, four switches are used in the commutation circuit to lower cost and improve performance. The reduction in the number of power semiconductor switches leads to reduction of losses and the control circuit. The principle of operation, switching sequence formulation for the four switch BLDC motor drive is presented. A PI controller is designed for speed control and evaluated by simulation for performance under various speed and load conditions. The designed closed loop controlled BLDC motor drive shows satisfying performance despite the reduction of switch count. The steady state error of the system is limited within 1% while improving the transient performance.
3-Level Inverter Fed Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor without Using Medium Vectors
Authors: Dharmaprakash R. , Henry Joseph
Published: June 2014

This paper proposes the natural extension of classic switching table based direct torque control of induction motor modified for 3-level diode clamped inverter. The proposed method has the advantages of fewer harmonic in the output and low torque ripples. The switching table direct torque control scheme is adopted due to the simplicity of its control algorithm. To demonstrate the performance of proposed multilevel inverter fed direct torque control, the simulations are carried out for constant speed under no load and step change in load. The comparison of the dynamic and steady state performance in terms of torque ripple of the 2-level inverter and 3-level inverters are presented.
Automated Printing Process Using a Robot
Authors: Menakadevi T. , Vishwashree V.K. , Manjula G. , Vivitasherin B
Published: June 2014

Automation has become the prior need to meet up the growing trends of industries today. The biggest benefit of automation is that it saves labor. However, it is also used to save energy and materials and to improve quality, accuracy and precision. Automation has been achieved by various means including mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical electronic and computers, usually in combination. This paper deals with the printing of days and dates on the watch indicators using an automated system. This automated system comprises of a robot (cobra i600) and PLC controlled mechanics. The conventional printing was done using pad printing method, which was controlled by manual operations. The manual operations involve (70-80%) human effort; number of indicators being printed in span of 8 hours (1500 - 2000 indicators) and it also depends on the workers efficiency.
A Multi-Agent Control for Energy Management in PV/Wind/Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Power System
Authors: Bogaraj T. , Kanakaraj J. , Jenisha C. Maria
Published: June 2014

The usage of renewable energy systems increases worldwide due to extinction of conventional sources and also the absence of some serious environmental effects such as global warming, ozone layer depletion etc. These renewable power systems are not able to satisfy the load continuously due to seasonal availability of the resources. A Hybrid Power System (HPS) formed with renewable energy sources are a solution to provide power for stand-alone electrical loads. However, the energy management in HPS is quite complex as it relies on a central controller. This paper proposes a distributed Energy Management System (EMS) to control the energy flow in the PV/Wind/Fuel Cell/Battery HPS based on multi-agent system (MAS) technology. With this concept, a HPS is seen as a collection of different elements called agents, collaborates to reach a global coordination to satisfy the demand in the system. The Algorithm of the Multi-Agent System technique for HPS has been implemented using MATLAB/Simulink environment. The results show that the algorithm is effectively working for a HPS to provide power to the load and control power flow between various elements of the system.
PMSG Based WECS with PR Control Strategy for Grid Control
Authors: Prasath V. , Vijayalakshmi S. , Anush R. Jain
Published: June 2014

In this paper, a current feedback control scheme is proposed using Proportional Resonant (PR) for a grid-connected converter with an LCL Filter; PR controller with harmonic compensators has high gain at the desired frequencies for decrease harmonic distortion in the alternative voltage or current. Harmonic compensators of PR controller are limited to several low-order harmonics due to the system instability when the compensated frequency is out of system control loop’s bandwidth. The average value of current flow through inductors of LCL filter is feedback to the PR current regulator. Zero D-axis Control (ZDC) is to control the generator side converter to reduce the DC-link ripples, multi-loop harmonic current controllers are applied to regulate the higher-order harmonics by PR regulators. Consequently control strategy with LCL filter is to reduce third-order function to first-order function. By this way large control loop gain can be chosen to obtain control loop for the required harmonic components of the PR controller. The simulation and experimental results have been illustrated to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in MATLAB Simulink.
Design and Implementation of GA Based Selective Harmonic Elimination in Modified Cascaded Multilevel Inverter
Authors: Dhayanandh S. , Manoharan S.
Published: June 2014

- The emergence of multilevel inverters has been in increase since the last decade. These new types of converters are suitable for high voltage and high power application due to their ability to synthesize waveforms with better harmonic spectrum. Numerous topologies have been introduced and widely studied for utility and induction billet applications. In this paper, proposed a Modified Multilevel Inverter (MMI) is eleven Levels. This proposed MMI consists of less number of switches to attain eleven levels when compared to the traditional cascaded multilevel inverter to attain the same level. As a result, voltage current stress across switches gets reduced, so that power loss gets reduced in the system. Secondly, an effective pulse width modulation (PWM) approach that can be utilized successfully with high control accuracy is combination of selective harmonic elimination and pulse width modulation (SHEPWM).This technique offers many advantages other PWM techniques including direct control over output waveform harmonics, and the ability to eliminate third, fifth and seventh order harmonics.
Hardware Implementation of Single-Stage Solar Based DC-DC Converter for Inductive Load Application
Authors: Jayaprakash S. , Ramakrishnan V.
Published: June 2014

This paper presents a Hardware implementation of single-stage solar based DC-DC converter for inductive load application. Solar model is connected in the input side. The circuit has two full wave converter connected to boost the voltage and also for the power factor correction. Switch-utilization factor is improved by using two active switches to serve in the PFC circuits. Controlled converter is used to load side along with pi filter. Finally inductive load is connected to output side. In the hardware circuit solar panel output voltage, transformer primary, secondary voltage and load voltage is measured. In the circuit used with all the component parameters to operate at zero-voltage switching which retains the high circuit efficiency. A circuit is designed for an 80v dc output and tested.
Development of Robust Excitation Controller for Synchronous Generator
Authors: Ramya R. , Selvi K. , Tamilvanan M.
Published: June 2014

This paper deals with the design and evaluation of robust excitation controller for a single-machine infinite-bus power system. The design of the regulator guarantees the stability of the closed loop system and ensures the output voltage is maintained within an acceptable threshold. In addition, it damps out local mode oscillations for small signal disturbances. The designed robust controller is also analyzed under change in step input and disturbance, which limits the heavy oscillations on the speed ω and voltage. Glover-McFarlane loop shaping algorithm is applied in designing the robust excitation controller. Two different techniques such as Optimal control and mixed sensitivity approach is used in this paper. The performance of the AVR was analyzed and compared with IEEE type2 Exciter.
Performance Analysis of DVR Using ANN Controller for Voltage Quality Enhancement
Authors: Sathish Babu P. , Kamaraj N.
Published: June 2014

This paper presents a Dynamic Voltage Restorer to mitigate power quality disturbances such as voltage sag, swell and harmonics. The compensation strategy is based on pre-sag compensation. Controller based on dq0 transformation technique and ANN is implemented in order to maintain the nominal load voltage and phase angle. Simulation studies under three phase rectifier with parallel resistive/capacitive dc load as a non linear load is carried out. Also the system is investigated under voltage sag and swells on source side using programmable AC source. Simulation results show that DVR performs accurately in mitigating disturbances with minimum Total Harmonic Distortion. The performance of DVR is verified using Matlab / Simulink Environment.
Automatic Extrapolation of User Intention for Internet Image Search without Duplication
Authors: Addlin Shiney R. , Saravana Kumar T. , Roslin Mary M.
Published: June 2014

. Image search engines (e.g. Google Image Search, Bing Image Search) mostly depends on the given query surrounding text features. It increases complexity to interpret users search intention only by giving single query keywords and this leads to ambiguous and noisy search results. To solve the ambiguity in the image search, consider visual information along with the text features. In this approach user has to click a single search return image and the search results are re-ranked based on the similarity in visual and textual content. Our work is to capture user search intention by doing one-click image search has four steps. Adaptive weight categories are predefined to category the query image and this helps to re-rank the text based search results. Keywords are expanded based on the selected query image visual content that helps to capture user intention. Based on the expanded keywords image pool get expanded that contain more relevant images with the query image. Expanded keywords are also used to expand the query image that lead to multiple positive similar images and the similarity metrics are learned for page re-ranking. Re-ranking of similarity images to the query image based on photo quality assessment to provide better search results.
Wavelet Based Image Compression Using Soft Computing Techniques
Authors: Ilango S. Sudhakar , Seenivasagam V.
Published: June 2014

The Wavelet Transform is a multi-resolution transform, that is, it allows a form of time–frequency analysis (or translation–scale in wavelet speak). When using the Fourier transform the result is a very precise analysis of the frequencies contained in the signal, but no information on when those frequencies occurred. The wavelet based image compression algorithms are used widely compared with other conventional compression algorithms. The wavelet coding based on the coefficient selection and sub band level. In this paper we have used two wavelets such as spherical and geometric wavelets. The spherical representation is a hierarchical description of how total energy gets distributed within each wavelet sub band.In the proposed method, we used fuzzy quantization technique for coefficient selection in the spherical wavelet. The other scheme introduces binary space partitioning scheme and geometric wavelet, where the existing pruning method of binary space partitioning is replaced by the genetic algorithm. We had another experiment with geometric wavelet with Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm. The experimental results for all the three methods are discussed in this paper. The advantages of these methods are the improved PSNR values at high and medium bit rates.
A Robust Pedestrian Detection Approach Based on Support Vector Machine Using Convex Hull
Authors: Revathi M.K. , Annapandi P. , Ramya K.P.
Published: June 2014

The support vector machine (SVM), an assuring new method for the classification, has been widely used in many areas efficiently. However, the online learning issue of SVM is still not addressed satisfactorily since when a new sample arrives to retrain the SVM to adjust the classifier. This may not be feasible for real-time applications due to the expensive computation cost for re-training the SVM. This paper propose an Online SVM classifier algorithm known as OSVM-CH, which is based on the convex hull vertices selection depends on geometrical features of SVM. From the theoretical point of view, the first d+1(d is the dimension of the input samples) selected samples are proved to be vertices of the convex hull. This guarantees that the selected samples in our method keep the greatest amount of information of the convex hull. From the pedestrian detection application point of view, the new algorithm can update the classifier without reducing its classification performance.
Dynamic Load Rebalancing Algorithm for Private Cloud
Authors: Shenbaga Bharatha Priya A. , Ganesh J. , Devi Mareeswari M.
Published: June 2014

Infrastructure-As-A-Service (IAAS) provides an environmental setup under any type of cloud. In Distributed file system (DFS), nodes are simultaneously serve computing and storage functions; that is parallel Data Processing and storage in cloud. Here, file is considered as a data or load. That file is partitioned into a number of File chunks (FC) allocated in distinct nodes so that Map Reduce tasks can be performed in parallel over the nodes. Files and Nodes can be dynamically created, deleted, and added. This results in load imbalance in a distributed file system; that is, the file chunks are not distributed as uniformly as possible among the Chunk Servers (CS). Emerging distributed file systems in production systems strongly depend on a central node for chunk reallocation or Distributed node to maintain global knowledge of all chunks. This dependence is clearly inadequate in a large-scale, failure-prone environment because the central load balancer is put under considerable workload that is linearly scaled with the system size, it may thus become the performance bottleneck and the single point of failure and memory wastage in distributed nodes. So, we have to enhance the Client side module with server side module to create, delete and update the file chunks in Client Module. And manage the overall private cloud and apply dynamic load balancing algorithm to perform auto scaling options in private cloud. In this project, a fully distributed load rebalancing algorithm is presented to cope with the load imbalance problem.
Implementation of Ubiquitous Healthcare Services with a Unique Economical Cloud Platform
Authors: Hussain S. Hasan , Geetha S.
Published: June 2014

Ubiquitous health care facilities have become a more and more of widespread, particularly underneath the crucial request of the worldwide aging issue. Cloud computing owns the worldwide and on-demand service-oriented natures, which may apt the characteristics of health care services. However, the skills in addressing multimodal, heterogeneous, and non-stationary physiological signals to supply persistent customized services, meantime keeping high parallel on-line analysis for public, square measure challenges to the final cloud. During this work, we have a tendency to offer a personal cloud platform style that contains six layers in keeping with the particular needs. This strategy consumes message queue as a cloud engine, and every layer thereby achieves qualified independence by this loosely coupled suggests that of communications with distribute/contribute mechanism. What is more, a plug-in algorithmic rule define is additionally gettable, and large semi structure or unstructured medical knowledge square measure retrieved adaptively by this cloud style. Because the testing consequences showing planned cloud platform, with healthy, steady, and capable options, will fulfill high parallel requests from omnipresent health care services.
PHR in Cloud Environment Using Enhanced Attribute Based Encryption and Advanced Encryption Standard
Authors: Sivakumar T.B. , Geetha S.
Published: June 2014

Personal Health Record is internet based application that enables individuals to access and coordinates their womb-to-tomb health data. The patients have management over access to their own PHR. To attain security of non-public health records, we have a tendency to use the attribute based secret writing to write in code to inform before outsourcing it. Here we have a tendency to specialize in multiple forms of PHR owner situation and division of non-public health records users into multiple security domains that cut back key management complex for house owners and users. A high degree of patient’s privacy is secured. Our theme offer a personal health record owner full management of his/her information. In depth security and performance analysis shows that the projected theme is very economical.
Comparison of Current Control Strategies of Shunt Active Power Filter
Authors: Nalina B.S. , Vijayalakshmi V.J.
Published: June 2014

Nowadays the number of non linear loads in power systems is increasing dramatically. These non linear loads inject harmonic currents and voltage which makes the supply currents non-sinusoidal. These harmonics are eliminated via an active power filter. The reference currents are generated by shunt active filter which is provided to compensate harmonic currents demanded by the load. Different current control strategies are implemented to improve the performance of shunt active power filter. These techniques are useful in making the supply currents sinusoidal. The performance of the current control techniques are different from each other. The %THD can be reduced with the aid of shunt active power filter. In this paper, different current control schemes are analyzed and their outputs are compared to determine the effectiveness. The most effective current controller generates less %THD. The power quality of the system is improved with the reduction of %THD. The different current controllers which are compared in this paper are GA controller and PI-VPI controller.Under analysis, the PI-VPI controller is found to be effective.
Application of Linear and Non Linear Modified 3D Cellular Automata Rules in Cryptography for Improved Security of Transmitted Data
Authors: Latha K. , Amirthalingam S.
Published: June 2014

Internet is the prime vehicle to disseminate information from one place to another. Providing security to data is a major issue in transmitting data. One way of providing security to the data is encryption and decryption. Normal encryption is the way of changing the plaintext into cipher text using encryption and decryption algorithm and key. Literature reported different methods for encryption. An attempt is made in this paper to propose a modified encryption and decryption process performed with modified cellular automata rules. Cellular automata is idealized parallel processing machine which depends upon the cell value which is updated based on updating rule, which involves the cell and other cell values in a particular neighbourhood .Discrete references were made in the literature on the application of cellular automata rules. However lot more work remains to be done in this area. An attempt is made in this paper to provide encryption and decryption with cellular automata rules, using Data Encryption Standard (DES) and Advance Encryption Standard (AES) algorithms. They are operated at various stages, with the number of stages involved in sequential and cellular automata operating parallel. The major contribution of present work is, to develop methodology for identifying and application of 1D and 2D cellular automata rules and to fix the issues and challenges there in. A modified cellular automata set of rules are considered to develop 3D cellular automata rules for improved safety. Further a comparison is provided between existing 1, 2D automata rules versus the modified 3D cellular automata rules with respect to certain parameters. Keywords : Internet, Security, Cipher text, Plaintext, Cell value.
Voltage Stability Margin Assessment Using Multilayer Feed Forward Neural Network
Authors: Naganathan G.S. , Babulal C.K.
Published: June 2014

With the deregulation of electricity markets, the system operation strategies have changed in recent years. The systems are operated with smaller margins. How to maintain the voltage stability of the power systems have become an important issue.This paper presents an Artificial Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) approach for the assessment of power system voltage stability. This paper uses some input feature sets using real power, reactive power, voltage magnitude and phase angle to train the neural network (NN). The target output for each input pattern is obtained by computing the distance to voltage collapse from the current system operating point using a continuation power flow type algorithm. This paper compared different input feature sets and showed that reactive power and the phase angle are the best predictors of voltage stability margin. Further, the paper shows that the proposed ANN based method can successfully estimate the voltage stability margin not only under normal operation but also under N-1 contingency situations. The proposed method has been applied to the IEEE 14 and IEEE 30 bus test system. The continuation power flow technique run with PSAT and the proposed method is implemented in MATLAB.
Design of Filters for Power Quality Improvement in Microgrids
Authors: Vijayan Smrithi , Chellammal Nallaperumal , Mohana Tatipamula
Published: June 2014

This paper deals with the design of filters for power quality enhancement in microgrid. The voltage source inverters (VSI) fed from microgrid requires filter across them to detect the unbalance and harmonics in the system. The performances of various filters are compared and the improved negative sequence filter is found out to be the best solution. The stability of these filters are also studied and simulations are carried out to validate the results.
Power Quality Improvement in Single Phase AC-DC Three Level Boost Converter Using PI and SMC
Authors: Gnana Vadivel J. , Aswini A. , Kumar N. Senthil , Jaya Christa S.T.
Published: June 2014

This paper proposes the single phase ac-dc three-level boost converter with controller circuit such as sliding mode controller, proportional integral controller and employs three-level pulse width modulation technique. Solid state switched mode three-level boost converter along with the control methods achieve unity power factor, high efficiency, precisely regulated dc output in boost converter, reduced output voltage ripple and less than 5% of total harmonic distortion with unidirectional power flow. The outstanding feature of proposed control scheme is line current is driven to follow sinusoidal reference current command which is in phase with sinusoidal input voltage and guaranteeing dc-link capacitor voltage balance in every switching cycle. Comparative analysis of PI controller and sliding mode controller is carried out. The performances of converter under load variation, unbalanced load condition and sudden change in load condition for various control strategies were verified.
A TCSC Placement for Transmission Congestion for Minimizing the Power Loss
Authors: Mohanasundaram K. , Sathishkumar K.
Published: June 2014

Power system load growth is increasing at a faster rate than the increase in the transmission capability. Transmission congestion occurs when the transmission system is incapable of servicing a load request even if the generation stations are capable of providing it. This paper demonstrates the operation of Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor for optimization of transmission and thereby, reducing the transmission congestion. A genetic algorithm is developed to optimize a factor, Performance Index (PI) for the contingency analysis, involving both the location and control of TCSC. These devices enhance the transfer capability, minimize the total power loss in a system thereby, improving the system efficiency.
Design and Development of Two Channel Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy System for Studies of Cerebral Oxygenation in Prefrontal Cortex of Human Brain
Authors: Bagyaraj S. , Ravindran G. , Devi S. Shenbaga
Published: June 2014

Functional near infrared spectroscopy is a noninvasive, non harmful, low cost and safe optical technique that can be used to study the functional activities in the human brain. This paper describes the development of two channel Near InfraRed Spectroscopy (NIRS) system and the results of the cerebral oxygenation changes during the different cognitive tasks. The objective of the study is to design, develop a portable non-invasive continuous wave NIRS system with dual wave length for determining the hemoglobin content of the blood chromophores during different activities of the prefrontal cortex of the brain. The two channel NIRS system designed and it was tested with 20 healthy, ie.,15 males and 5 females with an average age group of 21±2.25, they were given a 2 different mental tasks such as sequential subtraction (mathematical task) and spot the difference (Visuo-spatial task) and their Oxy & de-Oxy hemoglobin concentration was measured which showed more changes during the task period when compared to relaxation in both left and right part of pre-frontal cortex.
Fuzzy Based Key Agreement Scheme Using ECG Signals for Wireless Body Sensor Networks
Authors: Rekha R. , Vidhyapriya R. , Sangeetha M.
Published: June 2014

Wireless Body Sensor Network (WBSN) is an emerging technology in the area of telemedicine. It helps doctors to remotely monitor the health condition of patients. The success of usage of WBSNs for health care monitoring relies mainly on the security provided to the medical information. In this paper, a fuzzy based key agreement scheme that uses ECG signal to protect the symmetric key to be exchanged is introduced. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is evaluated using False Acceptance Rate (FAR) and our proposed system shows minimum FAR.
A ZVS DC-DC Converter with High Voltage Gain for Fuel Cell Systems
Authors: Marikkannan A. , Manikandan B.V. , Jeyanthi S.
Published: June 2014

The interest toward the application of fuel cells is increasing in the last years mainly due to the possibility of highly efficient decentralized clean energy generation. The output voltage of fuel-cell stacks is generally below 50 V. Consequently, low-power applications with high output voltage require a high gain for proper operation. A zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) dc–dc converter with high voltage gain is proposed for fuel cell as a front-end converter. It consists of a ZVS boost converter stage and a ZVS half-bridge converter stage and two stages are merged into a single stage. The ZVS boost converter stage provides a continuous input current and ZVS operation of the power switches. The ZVS half-bridge converter stage provides a high voltage gain. The principle of operation and system analysis are presented. Theoretical analysis and simulation result of the proposed converter were verified.
Artificial Intelligence Based Automated Estimation of Sleep Stages Using Electrocardiograph Signals: A Perspective
Authors: Rekha Baskaran Banu , Kandaswamy Arumugam , Keerthana R.A.
Published: June 2014

The primary goal of this study is to expound the Artificial Intelligence schemes utilized in developing an automated sleep staging sytem. Sleep stages, broadly classified as REM and Non-REM (Rapid Eye Movement) are recognized during sleep studies. Electrocardiogram signal is one among the multiple signals recorded during a sleep study. An effort to bring out the correlation between Electrocardiogram and sleep stages would facilitate in developing an automated screening system for identifying sleep disorders. This study assimilates such researches and their outcomes conducted during the last two decades. It is also emphasized that due to liberal availability of Electrocardiogram data in hospitals, using it to distinguish sleep stages would aid in developing better healthcare. The prime methods identified from the literature are the statistical classifiers and neural network based classifiers.The reports discussed are typical of single night polysomnographic recordings. The collective results are then compared with manually scored sleep stages. Out of the various methods, Support Vector Machines and Detrended Fluctuation analysis are the popular methods owing to their nature of analyzing non stationary signals.
Solubility of Carbon Dioxide in Aqueous Solutions of Piperazine (PZ) at Elevated Pressures
Authors: Murshid Ghulam , Shariff Azmi Mohd , Keong Lau Kok , Azmi Bustam Mohammad
Published: June 2014

The solubility of carbon dioxide (CO2) was measured in (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 & 1.2) molars of aqueous solutions of Piperazine (PZ) at three temperatures (30, 40 and 60) °C. The measurements were made over the pressure range of 5 to 60 bar. The results are presented as a function of pressure. It has been found that PZ gives significantly higher CO2 loadings at higher pressures. The influence of pressure on solubility is found to be positive. However, solubility decreases with the increase of temperature and PZ concentration.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Diisopropanolamine in Heterogeneous Photo-Fenton System
Authors: Ramli Raihan Mahirah , Kait Chong Fai , Omar Abdul Aziz
Published: June 2014

Photodegradation of 100 ppm diisopropanolamine (DIPA) was studied employing heterogeneous photo-Fenton system using iron modified TiO2 photocatalyst. A series of Fe/TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared via hydrolysis-hydrothermal and wet impregnation methods. Photocatalysts prepared using wet impregnation method was found to have similar activity under both UV and visible light. Addition of H2O2 during the photodegradation study obviously promoted the COD removal efficiency. When stoichiometric concentration of H2O2 was added, as high as 80% of COD was removed within 1.5 h reaction. Further modification is required to increase the photocatalyst performance in photodegradation of DIPA.
Application of Response Surface Methodology to Investigate CO2 Absorption Column Temperature Rise
Authors: Tan Lian See , Azmi Mohd Shariff , Keong Lau Kok , Bustam Mohammad Azmi
Published: June 2014

This study aims to investigate the impact of process parameters to the column temperature rise during the absorption process using response surface methodology (RSM). The parameters studied were liquid temperature, column pressure, CO2 inlet concentration and gas flow rate. While all the factors studied had significant impact to the quadratic model for the temperature rise, the magnitude of temperature rise was more obvious with the variation of column pressure and CO2 inlet concentration. The column temperature rise was found to be high when the liquid temperature, column pressure and CO2 inlet concentration were high. Similar behavior of high column temperature rise was also observed when the gas flow rate was low.
Prediction of CO2 Solubility in Aqueous DEA and MDEA Binary Solutions Using O'Connell's Expression
Authors: Eisa Omer , Murugesan Thanapalan , Shuhaimi Mahadzir
Published: June 2014

In this work, the CO2solubility predicted for amines of DEA and MDEA by using the OConnell (1964) expression as a base model. This expression fits between the solvent compositions and the thermodynamic properties beside the gas solubility. The solvent activity coefficient, Gibbs energy and Henrys law constants have been generated using Aspen plus data analysis tools. The self-interaction binary parameters (Margules parameters) have been calculated based on Henry constants values. The data input for this work depends on the amine system process conditions (temperature range between 298.15 K and 393.15 K), materials composition (concentrations of 10 wt%, 20 w% and 30 wt %). For both of the DEA and MDAE and the pressure fixed to be 101.3 KPa. The solubility values of this work give satisfactory results compared to the literature data.
Hydrogen Adsorption Capacity Investigation of Ni-Co-Al Mixed Oxides
Authors: Salam M. Abdus , Sufian Suriati
Published: June 2014

Micro-mesoporous mixed oxides containing nickel, cobalt and aluminum have been synthesized using conventional coprecipitation method. FESEM and HRTEM analyses demonstrated the flower and hexagonal plate-like nanostructured of mixed oxides. Different mixed oxide formation, homogenous metal dispersion, textural properties were investigated using XRD, ICP-MS and BET (N2 adsorption-desorption) techniques. nanostructured mixed oxides exhibited 2.6 wt% hydrogen adsorption that were studied using temperature programmed reduction-adsorption-desorption (H2-TPR/TPD) and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA) techniques. Investigation corresponds that morphologies, textural properties and surface energy of mixed oxides are important in hydrogen adsorption.