bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The correlation of b-value in the earthquake frequency-magnitude distribution, heat flow and gravity data in the Sivas Basin, central eastern Turkey
Authors: BİLİM Funda
Published: September 2019

In this study, the
seismicity in the Sivas Basin, central eastern Turkey from 1903 to 2018 is
investigated by the Gutenberg and Richter relationship (1944) and the maximum
likelihood method (Aki, 1965) to explore the b-value. The b-value is regarded
as one of the important parameters representing the nature of the occurrence of
earthquakes. Particularly, the b-value characterizes the state of stress in the
crust. The Sivas Basin exhibits the low b-value (0.52 and 0.9), moderate/high
heat flow values (70-80 mWm-2), large negative anomalies owing to
sedimentary basin and low seismicity and the epicenter distributions of
earthquakes are located at the upper crust and along the Deliler-Tecer and Yukari Kizilirmak Fault Zones in the
study region.
Parametric Study on the Interpretation of Wave Velocity Obtained by Seismic Interferometry in Beam‐Like Buildings
Authors: Guéguen Philippe , Diego Mercerat E. , Alarcon Felipe
Published: September 2019

In this article, we propose an interpretation of the propagation velocities of the pulse wave obtained in vertical structures through seismic interferometry by deconvolution. The novelty of this article is to propose a parametric study applied to canonical finite‐element models of fixed‐base buildings from pure‐shear to pure‐bending beam‐like buildings, adjusted to equivalent Timoshenko beam‐like structures. For given input seismic motions, the time histories of the horizontal displacement at each floor are obtained and used to estimate the propagation velocity of the pulse wave by deconvolution. A frequency–wavenumber technique is used to highlight the dispersive characteristics of the pulse wave. The obtained velocity is compared with the theoretical dispersion curve of the Timoshenko beam‐like structure and interpreted according to the nature of the structure. We propose a corrective coefficient to link the first resonance frequency of the building to the velocity obtained by deconvolution, according to the shear‐to‐bending ratio. Finally, we compare specific Timoshenko beam models with a number of previously published studies on the experimental interpretation of velocity in real‐case buildings for which soil–structure interaction conditions are different from the fixed‐base conditions of the Timoshenko beam‐like structure.
Comparison of Lichtenstein versus laparoscopic total extra peritoneal method in inguinal hernia surgery: a retrospective study
Authors: Makwana Viral Laxmikant , Shah Khyati
Published: September 2019

Background: Inguinal hernias is known to be most common form of abdominal wall hernias and research studies suggested that 3 out of 4 patients of abdominal wall hernias are diagnosed with inguinal hernia. Inguinal hernioplasty is considered to be second most common general surgical operation worldwide and it accounts approximately 15% of all operations. This retrospective study is designed with aim that to compare open Lichtenstein hernia repair and laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) hernia repair in patients with inguinal hernias. The result of the study helps to general surgeons to select the better method to treat inguinal hernias.Methods: This was a retrospective study which was carried out at General Surgery department, Dr. M.K. Shah Medical College and Research Centre, Ahmedabad. Total 100 patients’ data were included in the study that has fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study.Results: In present study majority of the patients of both the group are in their 5th decade of their age. It was found that majority of the cases had right side hernia as compare to left side hernia. It was found that mean operative time for bilateral hernia is comparatively higher in Lichtenstein as compared to TEP.Conclusions: Lichtenstein procedure has less postoperative complications like abdominal distension, seroma and urinary infections. Laparoscopic TEP procedure is having less operative time particularly in bilateral hernia, less postoperative pain, early mobilization and early return to work.
Analysis of patient knowledge and awareness about risk and management of surgical site infections
Authors: Rahiman O. M. Fasalu , K. Rajkumar
Published: September 2019

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are one of the leading causes of death, and its prevention is a key element health care sector. However, patient perceptions about barriers experienced while seeking care have not been assessed in depth. Hence, the study was carried to examine patients’ awareness and understanding of SSI risks and consequences.Methods: The study was carried out by surveying by collecting patient demographics, history and treatment details by direct patient interview. The survey asked a series of questions regarding SSI specifically addressing patients’ knowledge of factors associated with increased risk and consequences of infection, and was developed after reviewing the patient education guides for SSI, which has been endorsed by the help of infection control department.Results: A survey was carried out with 74 participants; most of them were familiar with SSI manifestations and consequences. Total of eight patients (11%) had a previous SSI before their current surgery or current SSI. The discussion of healthcare workers regarding the SSI should not reach in 42% of the patients, but 20% of the patients were taken part in discussions 2 or more times. Only forty-six percentages of the patients are comfortable with their existing knowledge regarding SSIs; 54% of the patients are willing to improve their knowledge about SSIs and its preventive strategies.Conclusions: Hence, better strategies are needed to promote patient awareness of and engagement in reducing SSI risks and consequences and promoting the prevention of SSI.
Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair
Authors: Jain Sudhir Kumar , Hameed Tariq , Sundarraj Shankar , Manzar Ansari Faiz
Published: September 2019

Background: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are frequently associated with inguinal hernias. It is important to recognise and treat bladder outlet obstruction in patients before inguinal hernia repair to prevent recurrence of hernia.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Maulana Azad Medical College. Hundred patients who presented with inguinal hernia repair were evaluated for LUTS using AUA scoring for urinary symptoms, uroflowmetry (Qmax) and post voidal residual urine using ultrasonography along with urine routine microscopic examination and urine culture and sensitivity.Results: Eleven patients out of 100 who came for hernia repair had clinically significant LUTS due to benign enlargement of prostate (BEP) and required treatment for BEP but none of these 11 patients had urinary symptoms as primary complaint. Ten patients were found to have urinary tract infection without any urinary symptom. Three patients had urethral stricture out of which 2 had Qmax of <10 ml/second.Conclusions: Significant number of patients (14 percent) with inguinal hernia had lower urinary tract symptoms. An effort should be made to identify LUTS in patients presenting with inguinal hernia before surgery and treat the cause of LUTS. Ten percent of patients had asymptomatic UTI with AUA score less than 8 but Qmax on uroflowmetry was in between 10-15 ml/second.
Ambient air pollution and the susceptibility to develop pulmonary tuberculosis: a multi country ecological study
Authors: K. Renuka , S. Gopalakrishnan , R. Umadevi
Published: September 2019

Background: Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem with 10.4 million incident cases in 2016. Although Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent, many environmental factors play a role in disease progression. Several respiratory hazards including smoking and indoor air pollution were suggested to increase the risk of tuberculosis, but only fewer studies has been conducted on the association between ambient air pollution and tuberculosis.Methods: Data on ambient air quality levels (annual mean concentration of particulate matter 2.5 µg/m3) for the year 2016 was collected from the World Health Organization (WHO) data base for 190 countries which comprises of 6 WHO regions. Similarly data on incidence and mortality rate of tuberculosis for the year 2016 was collected for the above countries from the WHO data base. The data were tabulated and statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient model to examine the association of annul mean concentration of particulate matter 2.5 with incidence and mortality rates of tuberculosis.Results: Incidence and mortality rates of tuberculosis were found to be increasing with increasing levels of air pollution. It was correlated using scatter plot. Pearson’s correlation coefficient for air pollution level and incidence of tuberculosis was 0.331 (95% CI: 0.435-0.883), (p<0.001), and for tuberculosis mortality was 0.39 (95% CI: 0.525-0.906) (p<0.001).Conclusions: The study suggests there is a significant positive relationship between ambient air pollution level and tuberculosis incidence and mortality rates.
Patrones del desarrollo físico-motor en niños de 9-14 años de un municipio cubano
Authors: Sancesario Pérez Luis Alberto , Romero Esquivel René Jorge , Núñez Aliaga Francisco
Published: September 2019

ANTECEDENTES: Diversos estudios enfocados en la población de Buey Arriba, Cuba, revelan tendencias de crecimiento y desarrollo corporal diferentes al resto del país, principalmente estatura promedio inferior.OBJETIVO: Identificar los patrones poblacionales subyacentes del desarrollo físico-motor en niños de 9-14 años.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, transversal y correlacional, llevado a cabo entre enero y marzo de 2015 en pacientes de 9 a 14 años, a quienes se aplicaron pruebas físicas (flexibilidad, resistencia, fuerza y velocidad) para evaluar su rendimiento, residentes del municipio de Buey Arriba, Cuba. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la medida de adecuación muestral de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, la esfericidad de Bartlett y el análisis factorial.RESULTADOS: Se seleccionaron 1409 niños. Se reconocieron tres patrones con significación estadística: el primero reportó los puntos más altos en indicadores relacionados con la fuerza y flexibilidad, el segundo con indicadores de la fuerza-velocidad  el tercero con la resistencia.CONCLUSIONES: Los niños y niñas de 9 a 14 años del municipio de Buey Arriba, Cuba, cuentan con patrones subyacentes de desarrollo físico-motor, reflejados en la díada acervo génico-presiones ambientales, que se relaciona  rincipalmente con patrones de fuerza-flexibilidad y fuerza-velocidad, y en menor grado con la resistencia, quizá porque la altitud del municipio no alcanza el umbral para la liberación de eritropoyetina inducida por hipoxia.
Tumor rabdoide extrarrenal de mediastino
Authors: Gutiérrez Hernández Alfredo , Rojas Maruri Mauricio , Beristain Gallegos Isabel , Aguilar Ortiz Marco Rodrigo
Published: September 2019

Paciente pediátrica con infección en las vías respiratorias superiores, de tres meses de evolución; además, odinofagia y ronquido al dormir. Recibió tratamiento sintomático sin reacción favorable; posteriormente se agregó disnea de medianos esfuerzos. Una semana previa al ingreso al Instituto Nacional de Pediatría tuvo aumento de volumen en la región anterior del cuello. La ultrasonografía reportó una lesión compleja infratiroidea, de 4.9 x 2.5 cm, sólida, hipoecogénica, por lo que se prescribió tratamiento con antibiótico. Un día antes de su ingreso aumentaron la frecuencia y dificultad respiratorias.
Manejo de la ingesta de cuerpos extraños por vía digestiva
Authors: Cadena León José , Cázares Méndez Josefina Monserrat , Toro Monjaraz Erick Manuel , Cervantes Bustamante Roberto , Ramírez Mayans Jaime Alfonso
Published: September 2019

El tratamiento de pacientes pediátricos que de manera accidental ingieren cuerpos extraños es un reto para el médico general, pediatra, gastroenterólogo y endoscopista. La Asociación Americana del Centro de Control de Intoxicaciones reportó que 75% de más de 116,000 casos suceden en menores de 5 años (6 meses a 3 años) y 98% son accidentales. Principalmente: monedas, juguetes, partes de juguetes, pines, huesos, bolos de comida, joyería, imanes y baterías de botón.
Ejercicios en computador vs. ejercicios en papel para enseñar a programar: un estudio comparativo
Authors: Trejos-Buriticá Omar Iván
Published: September 2019

El presente artículo expone los resultados de una investigación realizada en el aula en la asignatura Programación I. Con la investigación se pretendió conocer el impacto de dos metodologías de resolución de problemas usando la lógica de programación y los lenguajes para su implementación. Se ha realizado desde una óptica cualitativa, en lo que se refiere al desempeño de los estudiantes como programadores, y cuantitativa, en lo que corresponde a la valoración de las evaluaciones escritas. Se acudió a la estructuración de dos cursos en paralelo, cada uno utilizando metodologías diferentes. Con un grupo se implementó una metodología basada en la resolución conceptual de dichos problemas a partir del planteamiento de soluciones en el papel y con el otro se ha acudido a la resolución de problemas usando el computador. Los resultados evidencian la necesidad de fomentar la lógica y el planteamiento de soluciones en el papel frente al uso del computador. Se hacen algunas conclusiones que dejan abiertas las puertas de la discusión acerca de los diferentes y posibles caminos que tengan los estudiantes de programación para apropiar, asimilar y aplicar los conocimientos propios de esta área temática.
ENHANCEMENT OF LOCUS OF CONTROL AMONG INMATES IN REHABILITATION CENTERS UNDERGOING A CAREER THERAPY MODEL: A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Shafie Amin Al Haadi , Elias Nur Fatini Athilah , Wahab Hishamuddin Abdul , Sukor Nurhafizah Mohd , Ibrahim Mizan Adiliah Ahmad , Yusof Siti Nubailah Mohd , Rahimi Mohd Khairul Anuar , Ngoh Chong Siew
Published: September 2019

Purpose of the study: This paper is undertaken to discuss the enhancement of locus of control through Career Therapy Model intervention imposed upon 38 participants in selected drug rehabilitation centers in Malaysia.

Methodology: In this study, the qualitative research design was adopted and interview was used to garner feedback from facilitators in charge, as well as the participants. The data collected was analysed by using content analysis approach where several themes were figured out in regard to locus of control as concerned. The participants were chosen by using purposive sampling.

Main findings: The results indicated that the Career Therapy Model had been proven as effective in elevating the clients’ internal locus of control as the feedback collected demonstrated likewise. Most of the encouraging responses were constituting the effectiveness of the career therapy model, where the participants’ level of locus of control was enhanced as they are taking charge in deciding directions of their own lives.

Applications of this study: This career therapy model is developed by researchers for job-searching enterprise purpose; to provide a second chance for the drug addicts to enter a more realistic workplace, with regards to their level of skills and inclination and indirectly ensuring their recovery.

Originality/ novelty: Career therapy model is one of the first models of career counseling in Malaysia. Besides, the model approach in method delivery has been customized according to local-cultural setting and is evidence-based practice. In addition to career counseling aspect, this career therapy model also provides guidelines on how to deal with relapse and coping skills when they are back to the mainstream of society.
STRATEGY OF RURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IN PAMARICAN VILLAGE CIAMIS DISTRICT INDONESIA
Authors: Kurniasih Nuning , Yusup Pawit M. , Kuswarno Engkus
Published: September 2019

Purpose of the study: The village people of Pamarican Ciamis West Java Indonesia have great potency to be entrepreneurs. This study aims to implement the strategy to develop rural entrepreneurship potency in Pamarican. 

Methodology: This is an action research. We are working with several business groups.  Triangulation done by conducting sources triangulation, triangulation amongst researchers and theory triangulation.

Main Findings: The results shows that a business group can become a forum for the community in developing their business potential, their knowledge and skills increases by the reading material, training and guidance, the increasing knowledge and skills can make them running their business better, the small business activities have been able to increase their income.

Applications of this study: This research is expected to contribute to the government in floating the entrepreneurship of rural communities.

Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, we emphasize in improving knowledge and skills to develop the rural communities become entrepreneurs. From 2015-2017, we have provided 300 books of entrepreneurship and other resources to fill their spare time. We hold regular meetings to guide the community to understand the reading material especially in Sukamukti Pamarican. To improve their skills, we also provide entrepreneurship training, mentoring and equipment that necessary to implement reading materials, such as equipment for making salted eggs, cookies and other equipment to several business groups under our guidance.
LAW POLITICS IN SHARIA PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Dr. Kosim
Published: September 2019

Purpose: Law politics is an attempt to create regulations in line with the circumstances and the situation at a time, becoming law politics is a step for the government to establish a legal system to achieve state goal. The scope of political law can’t be separated from other policies. The preparation of law politics must always be sought along with aspects of policies in the field of economy, politic, social, culture, technology and so on and political law as the direction of law development policy of a country and political law is defined as a relationship of mutual influence between law and politic. Political law in shariah perspective can be understood from the text of holy Al-Qur’an, An-Nisa (women) verse 58-59 namely trustworthy and ulil amri (government) namely ulil amri is responsible for the politics of law on its territory.  In the development of siyasah Syar'iyah included in the law political science taqnin al Ahkam namely knowledge about the ways Islamic sharia into law. In understanding the scholars that Islamic Sharia law in the political is permitted to benefit the people but still may not be contrary to the Islamic sharia.

Methodology: The method used in this study qualitatively with data sources consisting of secondary data, namely the results of literature studies and search for documents and articles in the media.

Main Findings: Law Politics is an attempt to create regulations appropriate to the circumstances and the situation at a time, making the law a step politically for the government to establish a legal system in order to achieve state goals.

Implications/Applications: The scope of Law politics is that law politics cannot be separated from other policies in the field. Preparation of law politics must always be sought along with aspects of policies in the field of economy, politics, social, culture, technology, and so on and law Politics as the direction of a country's legal development policy and the law Politics is defined as the relationship of mutual influence between law and politics.
INFORMAL LEARNING: AN INNOVATION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN EDUCATION
Authors: Sharma Antima , Raghuvanshi Dr. Rinku
Published: September 2019

Purpose of the study: The main purpose of this study is to identify how informal learning is an innovation in the education system for sustainable development of country and throw light on the role of informal learning in education for sustainable development and to identify the different ways of informal learning in education system.

Methodology: This study is based on secondary data. The data has been collected from different journals, books, magazines, websites and different studies related to informal learning, education and sustainable development. The collected data has been extracted, reviewed, and concluded to identify how informal learning is an innovation towards sustainable development in education. The informal ways of learning in education can be the tool for sustainable development of a nation by providing better learning opportunities to the next generation students.

Main Findings: Informal learning is a developing and innovative tool in education. Some of the informal ways of learning are self-learning approach, practical and interactive sessions on social issues, web-based learning, and informal conversation among students through creating informal spaces.

Applications of this study: This study can be helpful is to provide a new innovative way of learning in the education of students for next generation. These ways of informal learning can be used by schools/colleges/institutes for learning of students.

Novelty/Originality of this study: In this study informal ways among students learning has been described and their outcomes which can be used by schools/colleges/institutes as an innovative learning tool for better understanding of students. Not much work has been done in this area in India and informal learning is totally a new concept among students and in academics.
Sino-US Trade and Trade War
Authors: Kashyap Usha , Bothra Neha ,   Department of Commerce, Shyam Lal College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.,   Department of Commerce, Shyam Lal College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Published: September 2019

Trade has been one of the most primary reasons behind economic association. Cross-border trade not only makes the markets cost-efficient but rather also brings up a higher degree of specialization to the respective nations. Bilateral trades have proven to be quintessential to both sides of the deal. However, on a parallel front, every economy has a self-interest toward the domestic produce, and they also try to defend their local manufacturers from cross-border competition. The United States has an “America-first” policy. Whenever the United States imposes tariffs and duties, similar responses have been observed by China. These moves are an area of great concern for global trade. The impact is often visible on the rest of the world. A trade-off exists between domestic economic growth and favored imports. This study is an attempt to discuss the trade relations between the United States and China and how this has led to a trade war. The trade tensions between the United States and China may continue for a few more years. There is a battle for economic supremacy and global leadership. This study explains why the United States is increasing tariffs on Chinese goods and how China is retaliating. This US–China trade war has affected not only the two economies but also the world economy. This study elucidates the repercussions of trade war on the international supply chain and the countries of the European Union. This study has also endeavored to discuss the impact of this trade war on the Indian economy. It is a golden opportunity for India to increase exports to China, the United States, and Europe.
Acute Herbicide Poisoning: An Emerging Phenomenon in Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Raina Sujeet , Sood Vivek , Shah Bikram , Thakur Manoj , Sharma Rajesh ,   Assistant Professor,   Assistant Professor,   Senior Resident,   Senior Resident,   Professor Department of Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College (RPGMC), Tanda, Kangra, H.P. 176001, India.
Published: September 2019

The clinical manifestations of acute herbicide self-poisoning have not been widely studied in India. The objective was to study the clinical profile of herbicide poisoning cases admitted in a medical college hospital located in a rural setting of Himachal Pradesh. The clinical records of all patients diagnosed with acute herbicide poisoning between January 1, 2017, and February 15, 2019, were analyzed retrospectively in this hospital-based cross-sectional study. During the study period, 20 patients were diagnosed with acute herbicide poisoning and are included in this study. There were 13 males. The mean age was 33.6 ± 13.3 years. The herbicides ingested included 2,4-D (45%), paraquat (20%), glyphosate (10%), pendimethalin (10%), atrazine (5%), butachlor (5%), and metribuzin (5%). 2,4-D is the commonest acute herbicide self-poisoning in this region. It was observed that poisoning with herbicides is usually of mild toxicity except paraquat, which is associated with high mortality.
Gene Polymorphisms of Human FTO and Obesity in Part of Iranian Population
Authors: Ostadsharif Maryam , Ebrahimi Y. Badri , Khorasgani Farzad R. , Eghbalsaied Shahin ,   Department of Medical Basic Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.,   Department of Medical Biotechnology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.,   Young Researchers and Elite Club, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.,   Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: September 2019

As obesity is a multifactorial characteristic, identifying genetic risk factors can help to prevent obesity prevalence. In 2007, FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) gene was identified according to genome-wide association study. Several studies revealed that FTO polymorphisms are responsible for the risk of obesity. The primary objective of our study was assessment of FTO rs9939609 and rs9926289 polymorphisms as risk factors of obesity in part of the Iranian population. In our case–control study, 62 patients with obesity and 75 controls were selected according to their BMI (obese: BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and control: BMI: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2). Blood samples were collected from individuals for biochemical parameters assessment and genotyping analysis. After genotyping by high resolution melting (HRM) technique, the odds ratio was used to examine the relationship between the risk factors and the disease; 95% of confidence interval was used for these calculations. The difference in the age, FBS, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and BMI between individuals with obesity and the control group was significant. The analysis of rs9939609 FTO gene showed significant association between the AA+TA genotype and TT according to the dominant model. No association was observed for genotypes of the FTO rs9926289 polymorphism. In addition, there was no significant correlation of biochemical parameters and dominant model genotypes of rs9939609 polymorphisms. Our study suggests that FTO rs9939609 polymorphisms appear to be associated with obesity in part of the Iranian population. AA+TA genotype of rs9939609 polymorphism is a risk factor of obesity. However, further examination should be carried out on large populations.
Formation of the scale of time of devices of frequency-time supporting by a method of structural analysis
Authors: Petrov S.D. , Chekunov I.V. , Usachev V.A. , Toporkov A.G. , Koryanov V.V.
Published: September 2019

The relevance of reliable high-precision navigation is confirmed by the organizational structure of the satellite radio navigation system (SRNS) GLONASS, in which there are no regular structures of electronic protection, in contrast to the American SRNS GPS, provided with standard systems “Select available” and “Antispoofing”.
Under these conditions, it is necessary to constantly verify the reliability of the SRNS sync signals for the consumer, which is possible only with the formation of its own high-precision time scale. Own time scale provides verification of the reliability of navigation signals, “hot start” of the navigation equipment of the consumer, reducing the integration limits of time periods when solving the navigation task. Compensating for the error of low-frequency flicker noise by optimal filtering is a complex problem due to nonstationary. For the organization of optimal filtering, it is necessary to determine the correlation function and estimate the filtering by dispersion, which is unattainable for non-stationary processes. This problem is solved in this paper by applying the Kolmogorov theory to form a time scale using the mathematical apparatus of structural analysis.
Development and research of drone swarm control via methods borrowed from continuum mechanics
Authors: Shchipanov M.A. , Medvedev V.S.
Published: September 2019

For a drone swarm in the form of a linear chain, there was solved a problem of maintaining the initially specified shape throughout the entire time of movement. To build a mathematical model of the drone chain, we applied the theory of movable cellular automata. By increasing the amount of elements in the chain, we obtained equations of oscillations of the chain in the longitudinal and transverse directions, similar to the equations of the longitudinal oscillations of the rod and the transverse oscillations of the tensioned string. We studied the longitudinal and transverse oscillations of the resulting system, resulting from the external disturbances, as well as the influence of these oscillations on the stability. Oscillation damping has been introduced, both in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Findings of research show that if damping is not introduced, it is not possible to maintain the drone formation using this method, i.e. the instability of the swarm motion process is emphasized. This problem is solved by introducing damping in the longitudinal and transverse directions, with damping in the longitudinal direction playing an important role.
Normal oscillations of liquid flowing from the rotating tank
Authors: Orlov V.V. , Temnov A.N.
Published: September 2019

The purpose of the study was to analyze oscillations of liquid which partially or completely fills the fuel tank rotating around the longitudinal axis of the launch vehicle. The relevance of the problem is substantiated by the importance of assessing the effect of the intake, measuring, damping devices and other inner tank devices on the liquid fuel oscillations. The study introduces the formulation of problems on the motion of an incompressible rotating liquid flowing from an axisymmetric tank of arbitrary shape through the intake device, and gives a detailed study conducted for the fuel compartment in the form of a cylinder as the most common one. Finally, we give the solutions of the problems on normal, i.e. natural, oscillations of the liquid with boundary conditions on a free surface and a surface with resistance — the intake drain surface.
Gravity-assist maneuvers in implementation of Martian manned expedition with an electric rocket propulsion
Authors: Sinitsin A.A.
Published: September 2019

The paper focuses on the analysis of energy-ballistic efficiency of gravity-assist maneuvers in the implementation of the Martian manned expedition in the period 2049–2050. The purpose of this analysis was to identify the opportunities for improving the energy-ballistic performance indicators of the Martian manned expedition through gravity-assist maneuvers around the Earth and Venus. The methodical approach to calculating the main energy-ballistic indicators of the Martian manned expedition is based on dividing the flight trajectory into sections. To determine the main characteristics of these sections, the statement corresponding to the restricted two-body problem was used. The heliocentric trajectory sections were optimized using the Pontryagin maximum principle. The families of solutions with a gravity-assist maneuver near Venus were obtained, differing in the direction of the flyby of Venus and the height of the flight orbit pericenter. The research shows the existence of extremals close in characteristics, which are with the fly-by orbit pericenter altitude restriction and without it. A comparison was made in terms of the duration of the expedition and the initial mass with solutions without a gravity-assist maneuver.
Scenarios in Regional Planning – Theory and Practice in Poland
Authors: Sołtys Jacek
Published: September 2019

It is important to recognise future conditions in planning because it primes future actions. Scenarios are useful prognostic tools, especially when the social and institutional behaviour plays a crucial role. The aims of the paper are: (1) to indicate the roles and the place of scenarios in the strategic plan building process; (2) to analyse and evaluate the application of scenarios in regional planning in Poland; (3) to transpose the research results on scenarios in local planning for their application in regional planning. There are a few documents in which scenarios are applied: three strategies for regional development and two spatial development plans for regions. The author analysed the scenarios in all of those documents and offered some recommendations transposing the effects of previous research from local to regional planning.
New Tool for Measuring Sustainable Development in Functional Urban Areas
Authors: Kociuba Dagmara , Szafranek Edyta
Published: September 2019

The article discusses the practical aspect of implementation of the idea of sustainable development in the EU Cohesion Policy in the 2014-2020 programming period in Poland. The objective of the study is to determine the relations between the idea of sustainable development and instruments of its implementation, and the identification of the scope of influence of Cohesion Policy tools on sustainable development of functional urban areas (FUA). The paper presents the author’s set of sustainable development indicators (SDI) and relevant analyses of their implementation in the financial and spatial aspect in 26 FUAs. Detailed analyses covered one of the new instruments of territorial development, namely Integrated Territorial Investments (ITI). The paper provides evidence which proves that the dominant sphere in the financial and spatial support is the modernisation of transport and energy engineering infrastructure, with potentially multiple effects, as well as the de­velopment of a structurally diverse labour market. The least support is provided to the strengthening of integrated management. The tested approach is applicable in reference to other functional areas in the EU. It can contribute to the determination of the extent to which the implementation of the Cohesion Policy supports sustainable development of cities and their functional areas. The application of SDI contributed to the understanding of the process in reality.
Pediyatrik kraniyofasiyal cerrahi sırasında kan yönetimi
Authors: GÜNÜŞEN İlkben , YAKUT ÖZDEMİR Özlem
Published: September 2019

Özellikle
yüz bölgesini içeren kraniyofasiyal cerrahiler, hem hastaların yaşı ve sendromlu
bebek olmaları hem de operasyonun zorluğu dikkate alındığında, anestezistler
açısından komplike girişimler olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu hastalarda
intraoperatif dönemde yaşanacak kan kayıpları transfüzyon gereksiniminde artışa
neden olabildiği gibi ani kardiyak arrestlere de yol açabilir. Bu tip komplike
cerrahilerde multimodal stratejiler kullanılarak kan kaybının önlenmesi ve
gereksiz transfüzyondan kaçınılması önerilmektedir. Bu olgu sunumunda ikinci
kez kraniyofasiyal cerrahiye alınan pediyatrik bir vakada güncel bilgiler
ışığında perioperatif kan yönetimini tartışmayı amaçladık.
Postoperatif pulmoner komplikasyonları öngörmede yaşam kalitesinin önemi
Authors: GÜLŞEN Aşkın
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Abdominal
cerrahilerde postoperatif pulmoner komplikasyonlar (PPK), morbitide ve
mortalitenin önemli bir nedenidir. Ayrıca hastanede yatış süresini uzatan
önemli bir faktördür.Preoperatif değerlendirme,
komplikasyonların tahmin edilmesinde ve önlem alınmasında önemli bir yer
oluşturmaktadır. Değerlendirme sıklıkla öykü, fizik muayene, akciğer grafisi,
solunum fonksiyon testleri, gerekli olgularda arteriyel kan gazı, ve egzersiz
testleri ile yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, diğer değerlendirme parametrelerinden
farklı olarak PPK’ı öngörmede yaşam kalitesinin önemini araştırmayı amaçladık.Yöntem:
Çalışmamıza
Genel Cerrahi AD’da elektif batın cerrahisi yapılacak olan 124 hasta
alınmıştır. Hastalar ameliyat öncesi 1 haftalık dönemde değerlendirilmiş ve
nottingham sağlık profili (NSP) skoru hesaplanmıştır. Postoperatif 48.saat
sonrasında semptomlar ve komplikasyonlar incelenerek, preoperatif NSP değerleri
ile karşılaştırılmıştır.Bulgular PPK görülen
hastalarda NSP-total puanı ort. 125,71 ± 114,09 puan ve
görülmeyenlerde ort. 63,65 ± 72,75 puandı
(p=0.002). Fiziksel mobilite, ağrı, enerji düzeyi, duygusal reaksiyon, uyku
durumu, ve sosyal izolasyon düzeylerine göre yapılan değerlendirmede emosyonel
durum haricinde diğer tüm puanlar komplikasyon görülen hastalarda daha yüksek
saptandı. Mortalite görülen hastaların ort. 209,31 ±  130,74 puan olduğu görüldü. Hastalar NSP puanlarına göre grup-1 (0-49,9), grup-2
(50,0-99,9), grup-3 (100-149,9) ve grup-4 (>150 puan) olarak
sınıflandırıldı. Buna göre grup-4 olan hastalarda %72,7 pulmoner
komplikasyon görüldü (p<0.001). Yine 150 puan ve üzeri olan hastalarda
solunumsal komplikasyonlar 7,6 kat, solunum dışı komplikasyonlar ise 6,7 kat
artmış bulundu.

Sonuç: Çalışmamız,
hastaların NSP puanı 150 ve üzerinde olması durumunda komplikasyonların daha
fazla olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca NSP sağ kalımı da iyi predikte etmiştir. Bu
sonuçlar ile NSP’nin preoperatif risk değerlendirmede yararlı olabileceği
düşünülmüştür.
The effects of preoperative hyponatremia on left ventricular ejection fraction and relation with clinical outcomes
Authors: BİLEN Çağatay , AKKAYA Gökmen , GENÇPINAR Tuğra , METİN Sadık Kıvanç
Published: September 2019

Aim: In this study, we aim to investigate the relation between preoperative
serum sodium levels and postoperative clinical follow-up; moreover, to compare
the left ventricular ejection fraction increment in hyponatremic and
normonatremic cases. Herein, we present one-year results of our clinic in open
cardiac surgery performed patients.Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study of cases who
underwent open cardiac surgery between February 2014-2015 in our clinic. Transplantation
assist device implanted cases and hemodialysis receiving patients by reason of
chronic renal failure were excluded.Patients were divided into two groups according to blood serum sodium
levels on admission day as normonatremic (135–145 mEq/L) or hyponatremic
<135 mEq/L. The demographic characteristics of the patients, duration of
intubation and length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, need for inotropic
support, mediastinal drainage amount, alteration in left ventricular ejection
fraction (LVEF), intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) usage ratio, occurrence of
acute renal failure, cardiopulmonary bypass time, cross clamping time and
differences in clinical outcomes were examined.Results: Hyponatremia was observed in 31,3% of patients and those had higher NYHA
classification score. There was no statistical difference between groups in
LVEF alteration was determined (p=0.756). Postoperative duration of intubation
(p=0.003), need of blood products transfusion(p=0.033), vasoactive inotropic
support (p=0.021) and postoperative amount of drainage was statistically higher
in hyponatremic cases surplus(p=0.018). Peroperatively, both aortic cross
clamping time (p=0.018) and cardiopulmonary bypass durations (p=0.026) were
higher in hyponatremic group. Furthermore, postoperative mortality was also
significantly higher (p=0.001).

Conclusion: We suggest that being hyponatremic has a prognostic importance in
patients who undergo open cardiac surgery.
Aspirinin insan kaynaklı hepatoma hücrelerinde paraoksonaz enzimlerinin protein düzeylerine ve arilesteraz aktivitesine etkisi
Authors: ÖZGÜN Eray , SAYILAN ÖZGÜN Gülben
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, aspirinin
insan kaynaklı hepatoma hücrelerinde paraoksonaz-1, paraoksonaz-2 ve paraoksonaz-3
protein düzeylerine ve arilesteraz aktivitesine etkisini araştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntem: HepG2
hücreleri kontrol, 0.25 mM aspirin, 0.5 mM aspirin ve 1 mM aspirin olmak üzere
4 gruba ayrıldı ve hücreler 48 saat boyunca sırasıyla 0, 0.25, 0.5 ve 1 mM
aspirin ile inkübe edildi. Hücre canlılığı 3-(4,5-Dimetil-2-tiazolil)-2,5-difenil-2H-tetrazolium
bromür testi ile ölçüldü. Paraoksonaz-1, paraoksonaz-2 ve paraoksonaz-3 protein
düzeyleri western blot yöntemiyle ölçüldü. Arilesteraz aktivitesi substrat
olarak fenilasetat kullanılarak spektrofotometrik olarak ölçüldü.Bulgular: 0.5 mM ve 1 mM aspirin
hücre canlılığında anlamlı azalmaya yol açtı. Aspirin konsantrasyonları
paraoksonaz-1 ve paraoksonaz-2 protein düzeylerini anlamlı olarak değiştirmedi.
0.5 ve 1 mM aspirin paraoksonaz-3 protein düzeylerini anlamlı olarak arttırdı.
0.25 mM, 0.5 mM ve 1 mM aspirin, arilesteraz aktivitesini anlamlı olarak
arttırdı.

Sonuç: Çalışmamız aspirinin
insan kaynaklı hepatoma hücrelerinde paraoksonaz-1 ve paraoksonaz-2 protein
düzeylerini değiştirmediğini, paraoksonaz-3 protein düzeylerini ve arilesteraz
aktivitesini arttırdığını gösterdi.
Pelvik inflamatuar hastalık sonrası gelişen ovaryan ven tromboflebiti: Bir olgu sunumu
Authors: ÇİNTESUN Ersin , GÜL Ayhan , ŞAHİN Gözde , BAYRAMOĞLU Denizhan , UYSAL Emine , ÇELİK Çetin
Published: September 2019

Ovaryan ven tromboflebiti (OVT) pelvik hastalıklara
ovaryan damarlarda trombozun eşlik ettiği nadir bir hastalıktır. Hastalık
sıklıkla sezaryen, vaginal doğum, pelvik cerrahi ve enfeksiyonlar ile malignite
durumlarında görülmektedir. Cerrahi ile tedavisi mümkün olsa da günümüzde
antibiyoterapi ve antikoagulan tedavi kabul görmektedir. Bu olgumuzda pelvik
inflamatuar enfeksiyona sekonder gelişmiş ovaryan ven tromboflebiti olgusunu
tartışmayı amaçladık.
INFLUENCE OF HEPARINOID FROM PAEONIA LACTIFLORA ON HEMOSTATIC SYSTEM WITHIN CONDITIONS OF PRETHROMBOSIS
Authors: Lyapina M. G. , Uspenkaya M. S. , Maistrenko E. S. , Kalugina M. D.
Published: September 2019

The search and development of direct and rapid anticoagulants used per os, is an urgent problem in physiological and medical science. A number of plants contain heparin-like components with a positive effect on the hemostatic system, both within normal and in some pathological conditions of the body.

The aim of the work was to study the complex effect of fibrin, a heparin-like substance (heparinoid) from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora, on fibrinolytic, anticoagulant systems of the body and polymerization processes, when it is administered per os in animals within normal conditions and when modeling the state of prethrombosis.

Materials and methods. To carry out the research, the roots of Paeonia lactiflora growing in the Botanical Garden of Moscow State University, and laboratory animals – male Wistar rats – were used. To study the antithrombotic effects of the extract from roots containing heparinoid, the state of prethrombosis was modeled in rats. The determined parameters of hemostasis were: anticoagulant activity according to the tests of activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time, fibrinolytic activity according to the test of total fibrinolytic activity, fibrin polymerization according to the test of fibrindepolymerization activity of blood plasma.

Results. With repeated (every 24 hours within 3 days) oral administration of the extract containing heparinoid, in animals within normal conditions and with prethrombosis, the following anticoagulant effects were established in the blood: an increase in anticoagulant, fibrindepolymerization and fibrinolytic plasma activity. Possible mechanisms of the activating effect of heparinoid on fibrinolysis and anticoagulant properties of plasma due to the excretion of tissue plasminogen activator into the bloodstream from the endothelium, thrombin inhibition, and fibrin polymerization are described. Moreover, the anticoagulant effect of the use of the extract from the peony roots was equivalent to that of the reference drug of low molecular weight heparin from Celsus (USA). For the first time, it was revealed that when modeling experimental prethrombosis, the administration of heparinoid in rats at the dose of 37.5 IU/kg МЕ/кг body weight restored impaired hemostasis, which requires a further study.

Conclusion. The ability of heparinoid from peony roots to normalize the functional state of the anticoagulant system during the development of prethrombosis in animals has been established. The restriction of fibrin polymerization during oral administration of heparinoid from peony in animals by increasing the enzymatic fibrinolytic and fibrindepolymerization activity of blood plasma was revealed. In the future, heparinoid can be used as an antithrombotic agent.
APPLICATION OF DRUG-RELATED PROBLEMS APPROACH TO ANALYSIS OF NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS’ SAFETY
Authors: Matveev A. V. , Krasheninnikov A. E. , Egorova E. A. , Konyaeva E. I.
Published: September 2019

A Drug-Related Problem is an event or circumstance involving drug therapy that actually or potentially interferes with desired health outcomes.

The aim of the study was the analysis of the adverse drug reactions (ADR) associated with prescription of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) using the DRP PCNE V5.01 qualification system.

Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 415 notification forms about adverse drug reactions of NSAIDs recorded in the regional database of spontaneous reports and called ARCADe (Adverse Reactions in Crimea, Autonomic Database) for the period from 1 January 2009 to 31 December of 2018. The study and analysis of the problems associated with drugs were carried out using the qualification system DRP PCNE V5.01 (Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe) 2006 in the modification of Prof. Zimenkovsky.

Results. Among other representatives of the NSAID group, Ibuprofen and Diclofenac became the “leaders” in the incidence of ADR. The frequency of ADR cases for Ibuprofen was 142 reports (34.22% of the total number of ADR for NSAIDs), and for Diclofenac it was 90 cases (21.69%). The calculation of DRP values for each of the presented cases made it possible to determine that in 81 (19.51%) and 91 (21.9%) cases, the DRP value was 6 and 7, respectively. DRP values in the range of 8–10 were found in 92 reports. The highest DRPs value was observed after the administration of Parecoxib (13 problems but only one case was found in the database), the DRPs value of Dexketoprofen was 12.5 (95% CI: 7–17) and the DRPs value of Diclofenac combinations was 10 DRPs; 95% CI: 5–17 DRP). The minimum DRPs values were associated with Naproxen, Rofecoxib, and Etoricoxib prescriptions.

Conclusion. Using the DRP system in the analysis of NSAIDs, ADRs allow to identify the medicines which have a high risk of causing safety problems, such as Parecoxib, Dexketoprofen and Diclofenac combinations. The prescription of these drugs should be carried out with special cautions and control to the indications and contraindications, the dose and duration of treatment, as well as to a possible interaction of them with concomitant drugs.