bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Training Pathways in Endodontics – Operative Dentistry or Conservative Dentistry Across the Globe and a Discourse on its Training in Pakistan
Authors:   Aga Khan University Karachi, Pakistan, Khan Farhan Raza
Published: October 2021

The objective of the paper is to present a mini review of training pathways in the specialty of Endodontics-Operative Dentistry or Conservative Dentistry across the globe and draw the attention of the readers towards the two models of training that exist in this specialty in Pakistan. KEYWORDS: dental education; Operative Dentistry; Endodontics
Association of Oral Health Literacy Level and Periodontal Health Status: A Contributory Step Towards Prevention of Periodontal Diseases
Authors:   Hamdard College of Medicine and Dentistry, Ahmed Wardah , Aslam Mehmil , Hassan Syed Imran Hassan , Ahmed Khalil , Bukhari Syeda Farhat , Mahi Permanand , Kaleem Ayesha , Zafar Fatima
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: To Evaluate the level of oral health literacy (OHL) among new patients seeking care at the private teaching dental hospital. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Oral Diagnosis & Periodontology at Private Teaching Dental Hospital. Adults (>18years) was recruited in the study using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Participants verbally consented to participate, then interview based validated questionnaire was administered. Data collected from April 2019 to August 2019. The study was approved by Scientific Review Committee of Private Teaching Dental Hospital. OHL was measured by REALD-20. Clinical assessment was performed using periodontal index. Two investigators and 2 house surgeons were trained for increasing inter-examiner reliability. Demographic variables were examined as exploratory covariates. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.Fisher’s exact test used to determine bivariate association and Multivariate regression analysis showed the relationship. RESULTS: The total sample size was n=236 out of which 100 (42.6%) were male and 136 (57.6%) were female. Mean age of the sample was 36 years (±13.6) and majority 150(64%) had 12 years of education completed. Smokers were 50 (21%) were smokers. Respondents 173(73.3%) brush at least once in a day and 93% used toothpaste as dentifrice. Respondents belong to low-OHL had moderate 84 (36%) and severe periodontal 72 (31%) diseases. The mean Periodontal Index Score: 2± 0.54. OHL was significantly associated with periodontal disease (p 0.01). Smokers showing significant association (p 0.04) with periodontal disease. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that for one- point decrease in OHL score, the occurrence of periodontal disease reduced by 25% (Adjusted OR=0.75). CONCLUSION:This has been concluded that oral health literacy associated with periodontal health status. Understanding of periodontal health knowledge and its implication is vital for prevention of periodontal diseases. Future intervention researches are required to develop etiological relationship between oral health literacy and periodontal health status. KEYWORDS: Periodontal disease, dental oral health, smokes adults
Antibiotic Prescribing Practices of Endodontic Postgraduate Trainees in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors:   Fatima Jinnah Dental College, Karachi, Aliuddin Azam Muhammad , Morani Sarosh Sadruddin , Sheikh Abubakar , Rashid Saqib , Ali Mohammad , Abdullah Faryal
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of Endodontic Postgraduate trainees regarding clinically relevant situations where an antibiotic cover is needed and is focused on the prescription patterns of various antibiotics depending on the clinical evaluation of the patients. METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional study was performed in which data was collected from five different dental institutes offering post-graduate residency in endodontics all over Karachi, Pakistan. Preferred antibiotic for odontogenic infections and the duration for the antibiotic coverage were evaluated amongst postgraduate clinicians. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed out of which only 82 questionnaires came back with responses. The study was conducted for a period of one month from August 2018- September 2018. The data collected was analyzed by SPSS version 21. RESULTS: A combination of amoxicillin with Clavulanic acid was the first choice of antibiotic in patients with no known allergies to penicillin (40.6%), whereas erythromycin was the first choice of antibiotic in patients having allergic reactions to penicillin (39.3%). The duration of treatment on average was 5 days. In clinical situations of irreversible pulpitis, with or without apical periodontitis, 74.3% and 67% of the respondents prescribed antibiotics. 78 % of respondents have prescribed antibiotics in cases of necrotic pulp with acute apical periodontitis. CONCLUSION: Our study concludes that antibiotic over prescription is very common amongst post graduate trainees and is contributing towards a larger issue of antibiotic resistance. Proper protocols of prescription should be followed by professionals and further refinement is required focusing on need, duration and choice of the antibiotic being used. KEYWORDS: Antibiotics, Odontogenic infections, Endodontics, Microbial resistance
Frequency of Bonded Bracket Failure in Patients, Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment
Authors:   Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Sakrani Hasnain , Masood Sabeen , Alavi Fiza Bibi , Dahar Mustafa , Saleem Mahnoor Khawaja M. , Lal Abhishek
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study is to determine frequency of bracket bond failure in relation to age, gender, most commonly involved tooth and quadrant. METHODOLOGY: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 100 patients with ages ranging from 10 to 30 years needing corrective orthodontic treatment were selected for the study. This survey was conducted at Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi. The survey was initiated on 30th November 2019 and was concluded on 30th May 2020. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the frequency of bonded bracket failure in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. The bonded metallic brackets were light cured for 40 seconds, and initial alignment arch wires were inserted. Bonded bracket failure was recorded over a period of six months. RESULTS: The initial debonding results of the present study demonstrated a high number of debonded brackets in mandibular dentition as compared to the maxillary dentition. Whereas, when the teeth were debonded for the second time, a greater number of maxillary teeth were found to be affected by the debonding of the brackets. Both genders demonstrated a greater rate of bracket debonding in the second premolar area and lowest in the molar area. In our study, age and gender had no significant relationship with bracket bond failure and teeth involved in debonding. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of bonded bracket detachment during orthodontic treatment is very common. Our study concluded that females were more affected by the bracket bond failure as compared to the males along with the second premolar being the most commonly associated tooth during an active orthodontic treatment. KEYWORDS: Bonded brackets, Bracket failure, Frequency, Orthodontic treatment, Orthodontics
Effect of Buccal Corridors Width on Smile Quality and Esthetics
Authors:   Karachi Medical and Dental College, Siddiqui Hina , Rizwan Sadia , Faisal Syed Shah , Hussain Syed Sheeraz
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: To assess the perception of buccal corridor width on smile esthetics by Orthodontic residents, General dentists and Laypersons. METHODOLOGY: A smile photograph was taken of an adult female. The image was modified to obtain five different buccal corridor widths and were assessed by different evaluators grouped into general dentist, orthodontic resident and laypersons who rated the attractiveness of each smile by means of a visual analog scale (VAS). Sample size was 97 participants to rate the picture. Non-probability purposive sampling was done The data was analyzed and mean and SD were calculated for the scores of rating. ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test was applied to compare the different ratings of buccal corridors in three groups. The data of this cross sectional study was collected from general population belonging to different communities, general dentists and orthodontic residents of different dental colleges of Karachi, Pakistan from August 2019 to March 2020. RESULTS: There were 97 participants who responded to the images. Highest scores were obtained for Image 1 having buccal corridor width ratio of 16% followed by image no. 3 having buccal corridor width ratio of 10% and lowest scores were obtained for Image no. 6 having least buccal corridor widths ratio that is 34% followed by image no 5 having 26% buccal corridor widths. Among the groups of participants, the highest scores were given by laypersons for all images. Significant differences were observed between evaluation of groups of Orthodontic resident and layperson in most images. CONCLUSION: There was a remarkable influence of buccal corridor width on smile esthetics, with the 16% ratio group being rated as the most attractive by all three groups. KEYWORDS: Buccal corridors, Smile, esthetics, Attractiveness
Awareness Regarding Oral Aphthous Ulcers and its Risk Factors Among BDS and MBBS Students-A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors:   Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences., Azfar Marium , Qureshi Saima , Iqbal Syeda Noureen , Rizwan Sadia , Khan Imran , Baig Arfa , Abid Khadijah
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper was to assess the awareness regarding oral aphthous ulcers and its risk factors among BDS and MBBS students in private institute of Karachi, Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at a private institute of Karachi Pakistan for the duration of six months. Medical and dental students of age more than 18 years of either gender were enrolled in the study using non-probability convenience sampling technique. Pre-designed proforma was used to collect data regarding demographics, history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis and knowledge of oral aphthous ulcers and its risk factors. The knowledge score of 4 out of 6 was considered as adequate knowledge. SPSS version 25 was used to analyze data. RESULTS: Of 150 participants, the mean age was reported as 22.94±1.65 years (range: 21-25 years). In those 150 participants 46 were males (30.7%) and 104 were females (69.3%). Overall mean score of knowledge was 4.35±1.29. Wherein 73% had adequate knowledge regarding oral ulceration and its risk factors. The dental students had significantly higher proportion of adequate knowledge regarding oral ulceration than medical students [p=0.024]. CONCLUSION: Overall students had good knowledge of oral ulceration and its risk factors, wherein knowledge of dental students was better than medical students. KEYWORDS: Oral ulcers; Recurrent Aphthous stomatitis; awareness, oral ulceration, risk factors, eating habits
Digital technologies in transport logistics
Authors: Gorishnyaya A. A. , Chmut G. A.
Published: October 2021

The problems and prospects of transport and logistics industry have been considered. The most common innovative technologies used by transport companies have been highlighted. The analysis of factors that hinder the digitalization of the transport and logistics industry, as well as factors that affect the development and implementation of innovative technologies has been carried out. The state policy in the field of development of digital technologies of transport logistics has been studied. The shape of the digital space of transport logistics in the near future has been determined. The influence of digital technologies, which are used in the global transport and logistics infrastructure on the activities of companies, has been considered. It has been concluded, that the use of innovative technologies by transport companies, which is currently dictated by the conditions of digitalization of the economy, directly affects its competitive advantages in the industry.
The Implementation of Additive Manufacturing (AM) in Industries Starting from the Identification of Organizational Cultural Characteristics - A Review
Authors: Fornaziero de Almeida Júlia , Neves Mourarias Murilo , Cecílio Gerolamo Mateus , Teixeira Coelho Reginaldo
Published: October 2021

Additive Manufacturing (AM), widely known as 3D printing, is a fabrication process to build 3D parts layer by layer directly from a virtual CAD model. It is an innovative technology, with the potential to revolutionize the manufacturing industry completely. It is possible to manufacture complex shaped parts, shortening production sequence, reducing time to market and allowing mass customization. As one of Industry 4.0 nine pillars, AM has promoted an extensive number of researches. Some of them identify organizational culture as a leading factor affecting its implementation in industries. Like any change within companies, organizational culture can be a decisive factor for the successful implementation of AM. However, few studies have thoroughly explored the subject to find which set of cultural characteristics can guide the whole organization. This research identifies, through a systematic literature review (SLR) based on the PRISMA Protocol, which set of cultural characteristics can guide the transition from conventional to AM technology. The systematic literature review was capable of identifying a set of 41 cultural characteristics, which the company should present to implement AM successfully. Knowing which cultural characteristics can help AM implementation companies will increase their chances of succeeding when moving towards AM technologies within Industry 4.0.
Effect of Nanofluids on the Enhancement of Boiling Heat Transfer: A Review
Authors: Ali Md. Osman , Abedin Mohammad Zoynal , Ali Md. Dulal , Rasel Mohammad Rasel
Published: October 2021

Boiling heat transfer can play a vital role in the two-phase flow applications. The analysis of the boiling hat transfer enhancement is of importance in such applications and the enhancement can be mostly conducted by using various active and passive techniques. One type of passive techniques is the enhancement of heat transfer by nanofluids. This article presents an extensive review on the effect of different nanofluids on the enhancement of heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and critical heat flux (CHF) for both pool as well as flow boiling. Nanoparticles addition to a working fluid is done arbitrarily to improve the thermophysical properties which in turn improves heat transfer rate. Numerous works have been done in the studies on nanofluid boiling. Among various nanoparticles, the most frequently used nanoparticles are Al2O3 and TiO2. In the case of binary nanoparticles, the most commonly used combination is Al2O3 and TiO2. After reviewing the relevant literatures, it is found that for pool boiling, the maximum HTC is increased to 138% for TiO2 nanoparticles and the maximum CHF is increased to 274.2% for MWCNTs. Conversely, in flow boiling the maximum HTC is increased to 126% for ZnO nanoparticles and the maximum CHF increased to as 100% for GO nanoparticles. In addition, when two or more nanoparticles in succession or binary nanofluids are used the CHF in pool boiling increased up to 100% for Al2O3 and TiO2 as well as the CHF in flow boiling increased up to 100% for Al2O3, ZnO, and Diamond. Though the information of the coefficient of heat transfer and the critical heat flux varied for different nanofluids and vary from experiment to experiment for each of the nanofluids. This variation happens because the coefficient of heat transfer and the critical heat flux in boiling is dependent upon several factors.
Densification and Mechanical Properties of Alumina Ceramics via Two-Step Sintering With Different Holding Times
Authors: Mohammad Saufi Anis Syufina , Singh Ramesh , Lee K. Y. Sara , Wu Tao
Published: October 2021

The densification and mechanical properties of alumina ceramics were investigated via two-step sintering (TSS) with different holding time. The alumina ceramics were sintered at 1450 Â°C for 1 min during the first stage, followed by sintering at 1350 Â°C with different holding times (2-24h). Conventional sintering (CS) was also performed on the alumina ceramics at 1450 Â°C for 2 h for comparison purpose. It was found that dense alumina with a relative density above 98% could be attained when TSS with a holding time of more than 12 h. The samples exhibited Vickers hardness between 5-8 GPa and fracture toughness of about 6 MPa.m1/2. In contrast, conventional sintered alumina yielded low relative density (85%), large grain size (2 Î¼m), low Vickers hardness (4.23 GPa) and fracture toughness (4.73 MPa.m1/2). This study revealed that TSS is a viable approach in aiding densification, suppressing grain growth, and improving the mechanical properties of alumina ceramics.
Investigation of the Thermo-Physical and Mechanical Properties of Coir and Sugarcane Bagasse for Low Temperature Insulation
Authors: Ndagi Mustapha , Kolawole Ajiboye Tajudeen , Olawale Fabiyi Mustapha , Sulaiman Abdulkareem
Published: October 2021

This research  reports on the suitability of Agricultural bi-products as low temperature thermal insulating materials to replace synthetic insulating materials like polyurethane used in food warmers and ice coolers. Coir and sugarcane bagasse chosen for this research was based on literature review and local availability of materials. Coir was obtained from Badagry, Lagos State and Sugarcane bagasse obtained from Batati, Niger State, the materials were washed, sun dried for three days and cut into smaller pieces before being blended into smaller particles using an electric blender. The blended materials (Coir and Bagasse) were sieved into two different sieve size of 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm respectively.  The particles sizes were then combined into blend ratios of 50/50, 60/40, and 70/30 using Gum Arabic as binder. Thermal conductivity test showed that 1.0 mm particle size coir mixed with sugarcane bagasse has the lowest thermal conductivity of 0.01467 W/mK whilst that of 0.5 mm particle size has thermal conductivity of 0.01472 W/mK this is lower compared to the measured thermal conductivity of the polyurethane control sample of 0.01832 W/mK. Sample F (1.0 mm particle size,70% coir and 30% bagasse) with a thermal diffusivity of 5.15  mÂ²/s, water absorption capacity of 410 %, UTS of 0.219 MPa, Compressive strength of 0.583 MPa, Specific heat capacity of 1141.3 J/kgK and thermal resistivity of 68.16 W/m/K is most suitable replacement for polyurethane as low temperature thermal insulator. This is corroborated by the performance evaluation test with carried out between polyurethane lined food warmer and bio-composite lined food warmer. The two test samples have close ice melt rate values and the polyurethane slightly edge the Bio-composite insulating material by 1.2 % in efficiency. The edge in efficiency can be accepted as all materials used in the development of the bio-composite insulating material are completely bio-degradable and environmentally friendly.
Factors Impacting the Application of an Inclusive Education Policy on Screening, Identification, Assessment, and Support of the Learners at Schools in South Africa
Authors: Matolo Mantheme Florina , Rambuda Awelani M.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this research is to establish factors impacting the application of an inclusive education policy on screening, identification, assessment, and support of learners at schools in South Africa. The paradigm of the research is interpretivist because the policy is aligned to Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory which attests that, for an education system to be effectively inclusive, there should be a shift from a paradigm that views barriers within a learner in isolation to a paradigm that views the barriers in a learner. There is interconnectedness of the barriers with the rest of the systems within and outside the learner. The participants were seven school principals and five members of the district-based support team, who were purposefully sampled. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted to elicit information on factors impacting the application of the policy. Data were analysed using the themes that emerged from the responses of the participants. Results reveal that the educators’ character traits, internal training and development, perceived policy application, and internal and external support for learners experiencing learning barriers impact policy application. The study recommends that aspiring educators must be adequately trained about policy at training institutions. Educators must be capacitated on policy application and every school must appoint a psychometric assessor who will provide information to educators on how best to support learners with learning barriers. The psychometric assessor must coordinate with the district-based support team for external support needs in policy implementation.
The Abilities Related to Organizing Experiential Learning Activities for Vietnamese Undergraduate Teacher Training Students
Authors: Ngo Huong Thanh , Nguyen Thanh Dac
Published: October 2021

Experimental learning, often known as hands-on learning, is a kind of active learning that takes place in the classroom. Many institutions globally have utilized it to build educational programmes, and it is widely regarded as a best practice in the field. Specifically, the purpose of this research was to examine the feasibility and efficacy of improving students' capacity to design experiential learning events in order to better prepare them for the job. Participants in this research included a total of 470 participants, including 420 students, 50 lecturers and representatives from the Ho Chi Minh City University of Education's Youth Union and Students Association. They responded to seven questions regarding their ability to organize experiential learning activities for undergraduate students, as part of a broader questionnaire they completed. However, while both lecturers and students recognized the critical importance of abilities related to the organization of experiential learning activities, the findings of the study revealed that these abilities were not well designed or efficiently purposed for undergraduate students in the context of experiential learning. In order for students to improve their professional skills and gain more useful experience in the area of event planning, they should be encouraged and taught accordingly.
Using Pixton for Teaching EFL Writing in Higher Education during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cabrera-Solano Paola , Gonzalez-Torres Paul , Ochoa-Cueva Cesar
Published: October 2021

The study examined the use of Pixton to support the teaching of English as a foreign language (EFL) writing to students at a private university in southern Ecuador. For this purpose, 52 EFL students (male and female, aged 19–24 years old) who were enrolled in a writing course participated in the study for a period of five months. At the start, most of these students had an A1+ proficiency level, according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). The study employed an action research design. A diagnostic test was applied at the beginning of the instruction period, and, at the end, a final exam and a perceptions questionnaire were administered. The findings indicate positive perceptions about Pixton, and students’ online writing skills improved due to the pedagogical use of this technological tool. Furthermore, Pixton increased students’ engagement, motivation and dynamic work to a remarkable extent. Finally, an improvement was observed in aspects of students’ writing, such as grammar, vocabulary, coherence and cohesion.
Poor Academic Performance of Students in Agriculture at Primary Schools in Botswana: Analysis of Causes and Ways to ImproveSom Pal Baliyan
Authors: Baliyan Som Pal , Malebalwa Kagiso , Keregero Keregero J B , Mabusa Kgomotso
Published: October 2021

This quantitative study analysed the factors that cause poor performance and identified the possible ways to improve the performance of students in agriculture at primary schools in Botswana. Data was collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire through a survey of a randomly sampled 200 students in primary schools in Botswana. A One sample t-test determined the twenty-five causes of the poor performance of students in agriculture; the six most important causes were found to be the shortage of appropriate tools and equipment, lack of libraries and laboratories, lack of out of schools activities, poor teaching methods, lack of practical work and, students’ negative attitude towards learning. Female students and students studying in schools located in urban areas perceived these causes as being more important compare to their counterparts in the rural areas. An Independent t-test determined eleven causes which showed a significant difference in performance between the male and female students as well as the students in schools located in the rural and urban areas, respectively. The six most important ways to improve the students’ performance were identified as the inclusion of more practical work in the syllabus, ensuring help out of the classroom, increasing practical work, providing accessible internet, providing updated textbooks and activating agricultural clubs in the schools. It is recommended that the policy makers and administrators to focus on the factors causing poor performance and the ways to improve performance while revising the existing agriculture curriculum.
Najwa Shihab’s Attitudes in Narasi TV Forming Resistant Discourse to House of Representatives’ Members
Authors: Ratnasari Desy , Marta Rustono Farady , Panggabean Hana
Published: October 2021

Each Policy and Performance made by the central government and the Republic of Indonesian House of Representatives will surely attract people’s attention and responses as one responded by Najwa Shihab through a video addressed to the honorable Mister and Mistress House of Representatives members in Narasi TV. This research employed a descriptive-interpretative approach using the theory of Elaboration Likelihood Model and Critical Discourse Analysis method implemented in three analytical phases to study Najwa Shihab’s argumentations and attitudes. The results showed that Najwa Shihab expressed her insights on social relations and identities which were unequal between her and House of Representatives members. The discourse builds her supremacies, thoughts, and ideas to legitimate herself as a people’s representative, directing people’s opinions through argumentations, self-values, and attitudes that tended to be resistant to the House of Representatives members.
Analyzing Aceh Cultural Heritage: Mathematical Tools and Language Use
Authors: Abidin Zainal , Usman Jarjani
Published: October 2021

Acehnese people have many culturallyunique mathematical treasures, such as for measuring size and volume. Some of which are different from the ones used in other parts of Indonesia and some have been rarely used and even unknown by today’s generation. However, research on the measuring scales in Aceh is scant. This study was carried out to understand the Acehnese people’s prevailing measuring scales used. These scales are ethnomathematics parts of the Aceh culture. The research was conducted in six districts. Snowball sampling was employed through which people who are knowledgeable on Aceh culture were selected for interview. It shows that the volume scaling units of ethnomathematics in the culture of Aceh society are kay, aree, naleh, gateng, gunca, and kuyan. 1 kuyan = 10 gunca; 1 gunca = 10 naleh; 1 naleh = 16 aree; 1 aree = 4 kay. The size and volume of the kay, aree, naleh, gateng scales vary in each district.Moreover, the language used for scales and meanings slightly varies, such as naleh that is used for measuring volume or size only in some districts of Aceh and for both volume and size in other parts of the province.
Islamic Plurality in the Perspectives of Ulama Dayah in Aceh
Authors: Syarifuddin Syarifuddin
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to explain the views of Ulama Dayah on the plurality of Acehnese society. The Acehnese, especially the Ulama Dayah (Teungku) are community leaders for the people of Aceh. Ulama Dayah welcome the concept of plurality in the sense of tolerance which they consider sunnatullah. However, if plurality causes disturbance to religious practice in society, it will be rejected, especially if it is contrary to the Ahlussunnah wal Jamaah doctrine which is oriented to the Shafi'i school. This research used a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytic approach. The subjects of this research were the ulama who graduated from dayah represented 12 organizations that manage the dayah community. This study did not specify which areas would be studied, because the data were taken based on interviews with 3 Ulama Dayah representing the dayah community organization. The research procedure was carried out in four steps: observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using an inductive model. The results of the study were as follows; First, the impact of Ulama Dayah’s  thought on plurality in Islamic schools of thought was very important. Second, the role of Ulama Dayah as a reference has actually existed since the days of the Aceh Sultanate. Third, the influence of Ulama Dayah thoughts was also strongly influenced by the number of worshipers. Finally, institutionally, the existence of the Dayah Education Office in Aceh was a liaison between the dayahs and the government in equalizing public perceptions.
Evaluating the Implementation of Sharia in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Manan Abdul , Salasiyah Cut Intan
Published: October 2021

This paper critically studied the perspectives of people living in Aceh, particularly in Bireuen toward the implementation and enforcement of Sharia. This study was conducted by qualitative approaches as a phenomenological study to cope with every idea emerging toward the legalization, implementation, and enforcement of sharia. The data were gathered by open-ended interviews to ensure that each perspective adjacent to the sharia was portrayed clearly. The result indicated that problems existed upon the implementation: the problems of Sharia formalization, unrelated qanun, the position of Sharia authority, polemics of Sharia, and other pros-and-cons of the Sharia itself. Hence, the government, along with relating parties, had to reconsider the strategies and ways in implementing sharia as a legal law. The point here was to make the Acehnese people performed and obeyed Islamic tenets as their dignities as Muslims, not by force or fear of penalties from the government.
Modelagem Matemática e Equações Diferenciais: um mapeamento das pesquisas em Educação Matemática
Authors: Lopes Aldo Peres Campos
Published: October 2021

Apresentamos um mapeamento da produção científica no Brasil, baseado em teses e dissertações, as quais contemplaram a Modelagem Matemática que empregaram equações diferenciais. O mapeamento foi efetuado no banco de teses e dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento e Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes). Para realização desse artigo, algumas questões norteadoras nos guiaram: Quais são os objetivos dessas pesquisas? Quais as perspectivas de Modelagem Matemática são adotadas quando envolvem Equações Diferenciais? Quais são as principais contribuições, possibilidades e dificuldades identificadas? Para tanto, realizamos uma revisão sistemática, caracterizada como um estudo exploratório, do tipo bibliográfico, enquadrando no grupo de pesquisas denominado “estado da arte”. Além disso, verificamos uma relativa escassez de produções nessa área e constatamos que há uma janela de oportunidades para mais pesquisas com a temática abordada. Os resultados mostraram os benefícios do uso da Modelagem Matemática como estratégia de ensino, como motivação, como sair da rotina usual da sala de aula e como trabalhar com problemas reais e outros. Porém, há empecilhos como o tempo despendido em tais atividades e a adequação curricular. Sobretudo, sustentamos que há a necessidade de se refletir sobre Modelagem Matemática no Ensino Superior, principalmente aquela que envolve as Equações Diferenciais.
DETERMINANTS OF WORKING CAPITAL IN INDIAN REALTY SECTOR
Authors: Shivakumar  , Thimmaiah Babitha
Published: October 2021

Working capital is important aspect which ensures sufficient short-term capital to maintain the firm’s day-to-day operations and creating maximum value to the firm. As working capital may have a major impact on profitability, understanding the firm-specific determinants of working capital is important. This study was conducted on the firm-specific determinants of working capital in the Indian Realty Sector.  The independent variables employed in the study includes firm size, asset tangibility, leverage, profitability, sales growth, and fixed assets growth, while the dependent variables employed in the study are inventory, receivables, payables, and cash conversation days. The study based on the sample of thirteen companies of Indian Realty Sector, of which five were large-cap, five were mid-cap, and three are small-cap companies. The study was conducted for the period of 2011-20. The study employed fixed-effects panel regression to analyse the significance of the firm-specific determinants of working capital in the Indian Realty Sector.
Penilaian Kualitas Estetika Visual Lanskap Pada Koridor Jalan Raya Bandara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta
Authors: Agustin Olivia Dais , Simangunsong Nur Intan , Hakim Rustam
Published: October 2021

Bandara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta yang merupakan salah satu gerbang untuk menuju Negara Indonesia yang mempunyai potensi visual yang mampu memberikan multi-image baik secara lokal, nasional maupun internasional. Lanskap koridor Jalan Raya Bandara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta (BISH) mempunyai peran dalam membangun karakter lingkungan dan estetika visual dlam menampilkan citra dan identitas kawasan. Namun, saat ini kondisi koridor jalan tersebut belum optimal dalam menampilkan citra kawasan yang menarik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menilai kualitas estetika visual lanskap pada koridor Jalan Raya Bandara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta serta menentukan area-area yang mempunyai potensi estetika visual lanskap. Metode penelitian dalam studi ini adalah metode deskriptif-kualitatif sedangkan pengumpulan data melalui kuisioner, data yang telah terkumpul diukur nilai estetika visual lanskap menggunakan teknik analisis skala likert. Hasil analisis dari penilaian tersebut menghasilkan area-area yang mempunyai potensi estetia visual lanskap pada obyek studi. Dengan demikian, karakter visual lanskap koridor Jalan Raya BISH mampu menampilkan citra kawasan yang menarik baik secara lokal, nasional maupun internasional.
Model Desain Taman Toga Desa Bukian, Kecamatan Payangan, Kabupaten Gianyar
Authors: Kadek Wiranatha , Dharmadiatmika I Made Agus , Krisnandika Anak Agung Keswari
Published: October 2021

Tanaman Obat Keluarga (Toga) adalah sebidang tanah di halaman rumah yang dimanfaatkan untuk menumbuhkan tumbuhan yang berkhasiat obat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan obat keluarga. Nilai fungsional taman Toga di pekarangan rumah Desa Bukian sudah tercapai namun penataan tamannya belum mempertimbangkan karakter tanaman, estetika serta filosofi Taman Tradisional Bali. Konsep dasar yang diterapkan adalah taman tematik yang menyeimbangkan antara keindahan taman dengan suplay tanaman obat, berdasarkan filosofi taman tradisional bali yang terdiri dari 7 unsur pembentuk taman di Bali. Yang ditonjolkan dari konsep ini adalah tata ruang sebagai alas, atap, dinding dan pola desain di masing-masing mandala yang saling terkait menjadi satu kesatuan sehingga mampu menjadi panduan pemilik rumah dalam menata taman, serta rekomendasi model desain taman Toga hasil dari penempatan tanaman pada konsep ruang yang telah dirancang berdasarkan karakter masing-masing tanaman dan menjadikan filosofi taman tradisional bali sebagai panduan. Dalam setiap perancangan taman di pekarangan diharapkan menggunakan filosofi tamana tradisional bali sebagai dasar sehingga dapat menjaga dan melestarikan kearifan lokal dan menjaga kesehatan keluarga dengan pengobatan herbal.
Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Zakharova E. V. , Ostroumova O. D. , Klepikova M. V.
Published: October 2021

Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is the third most common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). The aim of the study was to analyse and summarise data on the factors and mechanisms responsible for increased risk of drug-induced AKI, to analyse potential methods of its prevention and treatment. At present, the following phenotypes of drug-induced AKI are distinguished: acute vascular disease, acute glomerular disease, acute tubular injury / necrosis, and acute interstitial nephritis. It was discovered that most often these complications occur following the use of antimicrobial drugs, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and anticancer drugs, including targeted therapy. Risk factors for drug-induced AKI include age >65, female gender, low body weight, pre-existing chronic kidney disease, hypovolemia, hypoalbuminemia, acute and chronic heart failure, diabetes, malignancies, liver cirrhosis, prolonged use of nephrotoxic drugs, and simultaneous use of two or more nephrotoxic drugs. Discontinuation of the drug which resulted in kidney failure is the first and foremost principle for managing not only drug-induced, but all AKI patients. The use of potentially nephrotoxic drugs should be avoided, especially in high-risk patients, in order to prevent drug-induced AKI. If a patient needs a drug that affects renal hemodynamics, the therapy should begin with a minimum effective dose, and combinations of two and more nephrotoxic drugs should be avoided. Close monitoring of kidney function is crucial for high-risk patients. They should also be informed about the importance of adequate water consumption schedule for prevention of hypovolemia.
Changes in the Mathematics Learning Process During the Covid-19 Pandemic at Junior High School in Bukittinggi
Authors: Firmanti Pipit , Yuberta Fauzi
Published: October 2021

Abstract

The spread of Covid-19 has affected every sector, including education. The learning process that used to take place in the classroom has now become virtualized. However, this exacerbates pupils' difficulties in learning mathematics, which they previously considered challenging even in offline learning activities. To deal with this challenge, it is vital to describe alterations in the learning process under this pandemic situation. This qualitative research was carried out through interviews and questionnaires. The participants were seven teachers and seven students from various junior high schools in Bukittinggi with varying accreditation. Structured interviews, both online and in-person, were used to collect data. The result shows that students could understand the subject better before the pandemic. During the pandemic, the percentage of students who understood the material learning decreased by 10%. However, the percentage of people who use online media as a learning resource has increased by 50%. Overall, the assessment done by teachers on the cognitive aspects of a pandemic by Minimum Completeness Criteria (MCC) remains at 75. In the future, there will be a trend toward the use of e-learning and the development of technology-based learning media in the classroom.

Penyebaran wabah Pandemi Covid-19 telah berdampak pada semua sektor termasuk pendidikan. Proses pembelajaran yang awalnya berlangsung tatap muka sekarang beralih secara virtual. Padahal sebelum pembelajaran daring dimulai, siswa masih kesulitan dalam mempelajari matematika. Oleh karena itu, mendeskripsikan perubahan apa saja yang ada selama proses pembelajaran daring penting dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah ini Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dimana sampel diambil adalah tujuh orang guru dan tujuh orang siswa SMP/MTsN dari sekolah yang memiliki akreditasi berbeda di Bukittinggi. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara terstruktur via online dan tatap muka. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh: siswa lebih mudah memahami materi pelajaran yang disampaikan oleh guru sebelum pandemi. Persentase dalam pemahaman siswa terhadap materi yang diajarkan guru turun sebanyak 10 % selama pandemi. Sebaliknya, persentase dalam penggunaan media online sebagai sumber belajar meningkat sebanyak 50 %. Secara keseluruhan, penilaian yang dilakukan guru cenderung pada aspek kognitif selama pandemi dengan Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimum (KKM) tetap 75. Dimasa yang akan datang, akan ada tren penggunaan e-learning di sekolah dan pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi.
Analysis of The Influence of Return on Equity on Sharia Stock Price Moderated by Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Humaira Zikra Agusti
Published: October 2021

This research aims to determine the effect of Return On Equity (ROE) on Sharia Share Prices of the Property Sector Moderated by Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The population of this research is all property sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2011 to 2017. The research sample was taken using a purposive sampling method, so that a sample of 12 companies was obtained. The data analysis technique used is the panel data regression method which is a combination of cross section data and time series data using Eviews 7 software. The results of the analysis show Return On Equity (ROE) does not have a significant effect on the price of sharia shares in the property sector and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is proven to strengthen the effect of ROE on the sharia stock price of the property sector. The findings of this study will be useful for relevant policy makers because disclosure of CSR in financial statements will provide positive sentiment that will increase investor confidence to invest.

Penelitin ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Return On Equity (ROE) Terhadap Harga Saham Syariah Sektor Properti Yang Dimoderasi Oleh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan sektor properti yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2011 hingga 2017. Sampel penelitian diambil menggunakan metode purposive sampling, sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 12 perusahaan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode regresi data panel yang merupakan gabungan dari data cross section dan data time series dengan menggunakan software Eviews 7. Hasil analisis menunjukkan Return On Equity (ROE) tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap harga saham syariah sektor properti dan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) terbukti memperkuat pengaruh ROE terhadap harga saham syariah sektor properti. Temuan penelitian ini akan bermanfaat bagi pengambil kebijakan terkait karena pengungkapkan CSR dalam laporan keuangan akan menjadi nilai yang akan menambah kepercayaan investor untuk melakukan investasi.
Kata Kunci : Harga Saham Sektor Properti, ROE, CSR
The Policy Responses towards Contemporary Islamic Capital Market in Indonesia: The Dynamics and Challenges
Authors: Soemitra Andri
Published: October 2021

Islamic capital market has been developed to anticipate the need for capital management in the Islamic industry that grows rapidly. This paper will study the dynamics and the contemporary challenges of capital market industry products. The research utilizes a qualitative approach by searching data and information from relevant literatures, specific data, and information from regulators. The researcher conducts analytical studies literature after collecting and compiling data from relevant literatures. This study shows that Islamic capital markets have attempted to reach certain standards based on the criteria of Islamic teaching. However, this study found that globally and nationally the development of Islamic capital markets is still struggling with regulatory, products, and practices problems. This study indicates that the Islamic capital market regulator in Indonesia still needs wider socialization and more efforts to increase the low level of literacy and inclusion.

 

Pasar modal syariah dikembangkan untuk mengantisipasi kebutuhan pengelolaan modal di industri syariah yang tumbuh pesat. Tulisan ini mengkaji dinamika dan tantangan kontemporer produk industri pasar modal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mencari data dan informasi dari literatur yang relevan dan data dan informasi spesifik dari regulator. Peneliti melakukan studi analitik literatur setelah mengumpulkan dan menyusun data dari literatur yang relevan. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pasar modal syariah telah berusaha mencapai standar tertentu berdasarkan kriteria ajaran Islam. Namun, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa secara global dan nasional perkembangan pasar modal syariah masih berkutat dengan masalah regulasi, produk dan praktik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa regulator pasar modal syariah di Indonesia masih membutuhkan usaha-usaha sosialisasi yang lebih luas untuk meningkatkan literasi dan inklusi pasar modal syariah yang masih rendah di Indonesia.

 
The Islamic Formalism Movement in Malay Land: Experiences of the Muslim Community in Kerinci, Jambi
Authors: Fadil Marjan , Rahim Martunus , Ikhsan Indra
Published: October 2021

This article aims to analyze the development of Islamic religious movements in the Malay traditional land of Kerinci Jambi, particularly related to the tendency of religious formalism in Islamic communities. The pattern of education, local customs and traditions, as well as religious ideology contributed to the emergence of a Muslim community that only paid attention to the formal side of religion or known as formalist Islam. This study uses an anthropological approach through interviews, observations, and documentation of Muslim communities in Kerinci Jambi. This paper finds that formalist Islam tends to be difficult to develop in Malay society exclusively from indigenous groups, and more easily accepted for inclusive societies from immigrant groups or mixing with outsiders and academics. This exclusive Malay community seeks to maintain the Islamic ideology that has been institutionalized in the structure of society that does not contradict between custom and religion since the first, namely Islam with the nuances of Sufism, based on the Shafi'i Madhhab in fiqh, and al-Ghazali Madhhab in theology. Meanwhile, inclusive societies tend to be open to accepting various Islamic identities and most of them do not hold strong traditional values.

 

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan gerakan keagamaan Islam di tanah adat Melayu Kerinci Jambi, khususnya terkait kecenderungan formalisme keberagamaan komunitas-komunitas Islam. Pola pendidikan, adat dan tradisi lokal, serta ideologi keagamaan memberi kontribusi bagi kemunculan komunitas Muslim yang hanya memperhatikan sisi formal agama saja atau dikenal dengan Islam formalis. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan antropologis melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi terhadap komunitas-komunitas Muslim yang terdapat di Kerinci Jambi. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa Islam formalis cenderung sulit berkembang dalam masyarakat Melayu eksklusif dari golongan masyarakat pribumi, dan lebih mudah diterima bagi masyarakat inklusif dari golongan pendatang atau percampuran dengan masyarakat luar dan para akademisi. Masyarakat Melayu eksklusif ini berupaya mempertahankan ideologi Islam yang telah melembaga dalam struktur masyarakat yang tidak mempertentangkan antara adat dan agama semenjak dahulu yakni Islam dengan nuansa tasawuf, bermazhab Syafi’i dalam fikih, dan bermazhab al-Ghazali dalam teologi. Sedangkan masyarakat inklusif cenderung terbuka menerima beragam identitas Islam dan mereka sebagian besar tidak memegang nilai adat secara kuat. 