bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Cropping Systems on the Selected Soil Properties in Kashmir Himalayas
Authors: Mir Yasir Hanif , Mir Shakeel , Chesti M. H. , Baba Zahoor A. , Ganie Mumtaz A. , Malik Mushtaq A. , Wani Fehim Jeelani , Bhat Javid A. , Khan Inayat M. , Bhat M. Auyoub , Kumar Sandeep , Mansoor Mehvish , Shah Aanisa Manzoor , Sadiq Shazia
Published: December 2024

The physicochemical characteristics of soil are fundamentally important in assessing its quality, as they govern the air and water movement within the soil profile. These processes play a significant role in the soil's ability to sustain plant growth effectively. Various cropping systems can pose significant effects on soil texture, soil pH, soil carbon, and other nutrients, arising mainly from differences in associated management practices. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of dominant cropping systems on soil physicochemical properties in Kashmir Himalayas, India. Soil samples were collected from five different cropping systems, such as rice-fallow, rice-mustard, rice-oats, maize-fallow, and vegetable, up to a depth of 20 cm. The findings revealed that the percentage of sand varied from 20.34 – 28.71%, while the percentage of silt and clay varied from 40.80 – 46.18% and 26.38 – 36.04%, respectively. Bulk density ranged from 1.45 – 1.32Mgm-3 across the cropping systems. There was a variation in soil pH (7.54 – 6.46) across the examined cropping system, following a pattern: maize-fallow> vegetable> rice-mustard> rice-fallow> rice-oats. Moreover, electrical conductivity was less than 1 dSm-1, indicating no salinity hazards. It was observed that different cropping systems influence these selected soil properties. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate and understand these variations because they are vital for sustainable soil management and enhancing agricultural productivity.
Characterization of Agroathelia rolfsii Causing Fruit Rot Disease in Jackfruit
Authors: K. Anjali , K. Shahida , Vijayaraghavan Reshmy , Gopal K. Surendra , Varghese Sible George , Mary C. F. Gleena , R. Ayisha
Published: December 2024

Symptoms of characteristic rot was observed on jackfruits (Artocarpus heterophyllus) of Thrissur district in Kerala. This study investigates, the symptomatology, pathogenicity and identification of the causal organism for fruit rot disease. The isolation of fungal sample was obtained from Thrissur district during the month of November 2023.  The isolated fungus was successfully grown on potato dextrose agar medium and was characterized. Based on its cultural, morphological traits and molecular characterization, the fungus was identified as Agroathelia rolfsii (teleomorph: Athelia rolfsii, anamorph: Sclerotium rolfsii). In the molecular characterization by amplifying internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using the ITS1 and ITS4 primer pair, the isolate TK2 showed high per cent identity of 99.35 per cent and query coverage 100 per cent with Agroathelia rolfsii in blastN search. Phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) genes played a key role in confirming the species identity. Athelia rolfsii has been reported for the first time to cause fruit rot disease on jackfruit, from Thiruvananthapuram by Sajeena et al. [1]. This study reports the infection of Agroathelia rolfsii, on jackfruit from Thrissur district. These soil-borne pathogen can spread easily and stay dormant in soil in the form of sclerotium for long time, hence it is essential to improve the management strategies and prevent its spread to other crops, for that further studies need to be conducted. This study was conducted at Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala between November 2023 and June 2024.
Measuring the Students’ Practice of 21st Century Skills in a Philippine Catholic Senior High School
Authors: Bual Joel M.
Published: December 2024

This paper assessed the extent to which students practice 21st-century skills, focusing on areas such as information and technology literacy, critical thinking and problem-solving, entrepreneurship and innovation, social responsibility and leadership, and career awareness relative to sex, grade level, strand, family monthly income, and parent’s highest educational attainment. This also correlated with their demographics and 21st-century skills practice. Using the descriptive-correlational design, this was responded to by 141 stratified randomly sampled students employing the standardized questionnaire. Data analysis used mean, standard deviation, and point biserial correlation. Generally, they have a great extent of 21st-century skills practice where career consciousness was rated highest while critical thinking and problem-solving were the lowest. All demographics were rated to a great extent. Meanwhile, there was no relationship between their demographics and 21st-century skills practice. In conclusion, curricular, co-curricular, and extracurricular programs and activities of the Catholic school provide opportunities for the continuous improvement of the development and practice of the 21st century skills of the students. That is why, given the implications, it is recommended that the institution should ensure that all these avenues for learning are in place.
Factors Influencing Farmer Adoption in Problematic Soil Reclamation Practices: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kalariya Bhautik S. , Gulkari K. D. , Dohat M. P. , Rathod N. K.
Published: December 2024

Soil degradation, particularly in the form of salinity, alkalinity, and acidity, presents a critical challenge to agricultural productivity and food security in India, especially in the Bhal region of Gujarat. Despite the availability of various soil reclamation techniques, the adoption of these practices among farmers is inconsistent, hindered by socio-economic, technological and administrative barriers. This review synthesizes current literature to explore key factors influencing the adoption of soil reclamation practices and identifies effective strategies for enhancing farmer engagement in these vital interventions. Key factors such as access to irrigation, farmer knowledge and awareness, socio-economic status, risk orientation and extension participation play pivotal roles in adoption rates. Barriers include high economic costs, limited technological knowledge, inadequate administrative support and socio-cultural resistance to change. Addressing these challenges through coordinated efforts among policymakers, researchers and local communities is crucial for promoting sustainable agricultural practices and enhancing farmer livelihoods in degraded areas. Future research should focus on long-term impacts and the integrating of innovative technologies to ensure a resilient farming system.
Development of Seaweed Based Value Added Products: Nutritional, Functional and Shelflife Properties
Authors: K.P Sivakumar , Nallakurumban B. , A.Vijayakumar  , A.Kalaiselvan  , T.Balaji
Published: December 2024

Seaweed (Ulva lactuca Spp.) is an edible marine alga. Due to its high nutrient content, seaweed was incorporated in many forms like powder and extract aiming to find out the best formulation for the production of seaweed-based cookies and beverages with better nutritional quality, consumer acceptability and shelf life of the seaweed-based products. Seaweed cookies and beverages were prepared by using the formulated seaweed mixtures by incorporating dry fine powdered for seaweed cookies preparation and seaweed extract for preparation of beverages and raw juices at different proportions with respective percentage of other raw ingredients. The developed seaweed cookies and beverages were subjected to sensory evaluation by an expert panel for the attributes, appearance, colour, aroma, texture, taste, flavour and overall acceptability using nine-point hedonic scales. The statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the results in order to determine their significance level at P< 0.05. The findings showed that the prepared seaweed products differed significantly (P< 0.05) in terms of moisture, protein, fiber, ash, carbohydrate etc. The shelf life of the developed seaweed-based products was observed during storage period.
Assessment of Biomarkers of Glycation in Type I, Type II and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Melford Chinwebudu Miller , Simeon George G. , Wankasi Martin Mie-Ebi
Published: December 2024

Diabetes Mellitus, a leading global health challenge, necessitates reliable diagnostic and management biomarkers. This study assessed the efficacy of glycation markers in monitoring glycemic status across Type I, Type II, and gestational diabetes in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. A cross-sectional analysis of 120 participants (40 per diabetes type) evaluated fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glycated albumin (GA), fructosamine (FA), and 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG), along with antioxidant markers (glutathione and alpha-tocopherol). Findings indicated that HbA1c remains the most reliable indicator of glycemic status, with a strong correlation to FBG (r² = 0.99). GA and FA demonstrated utility as short-term markers but were less robust than HbA1c. Notably, FBG and 1,5-AG showed inverse correlations, suggesting their potential for assessing short-term glycemic fluctuations. Insulin levels were the only statistically significant differential marker among diabetes types. These results support incorporating multiple biomarkers into diagnostic frameworks, particularly where HbA1c reliability may be limited (e.g., anemia or renal dysfunction).
Liming Materials in Combination with Co-Composted Biochar for Subsoil Acidity Amelioration in Southern Laterites of Kerala
Authors: Mathew Akhila Merin , B. Rani , B. Aparna , R. Gladis , Leno Naveen , T. Sajitharani
Published: December 2024

Aims: To assess the capacity of co-composted biochar liming material combinations to alleviate surface, subsoil acidity and aluminium saturation.
Study Design: A field experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) replicated thrice with seven treatments viz., ½ LR as Burnt lime (BL) + ½ as Phosphogypsum (PG) + Co-composted biochar (CCB) (5t ha-1), ½ LR as Dolomite (DL) + ½ as PG + CCB (5t ha-1) and ½ LR as BL + ½ as PG & Magnesium sulphate (MS) (3:2) + CCB (5t ha-1) each @ 100 per cent lime requirement (LR) and @ 75 per cent LR including an absolute control.
Place and Duration of the Study: Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, between June 2023 and September 2023.
Methodology: A field experiment was laid out and soil samples from four depths viz., 0-15, 15-30, 30-60 and 60-90 cm were analysed for soil pH, exchangeable acidity and Al saturation at the beginning of the experiment and at crop harvest. Plant biometric observations and yield attributes were also assessed at crop harvest stage.
Results: The application of ½ LR as BL + ½ as PG + CCB (5t ha-1) @ 100 per cent LR exhibited higher values of soil pH (5.74, 5.53, 5.45 and 5.28) up to 90 cm depth, effective alleviation of exchangeable acidity (0.377 meq 100g-1, 0.877 meq 100g-1, 1.057 meq 100g-1), potential acidity (24.0 meq 100g-1 , 30.0 meq 100g-1 , 32.0 meq 100g-1) and pH dependent acidity (23.623 meq 100g-1, 29.123 meq 100g-1, 30.943 meq 100g-1) in the subsoil (15-90 cm) and higher reduction in Al saturation (3.66 %, 8.36 %, 21.5 %, 22.3 %) up to 90cm depth, higher rate of crop growth and yield at the harvest stage.
Conclusion: The combined application of liming materials and co-composted biochar could achieve effective moderation of soil acidity and Al toxicity.
On-farm Productivity and Profitability of Paired-Row-Rice Diversified Cropping System in West Coast Plains and Ghat Region of India
Authors: J Hemand , John Jacob , P Shalini Pillai , J. S Bindhu , A. V Meera
Published: December 2024

Globally diversification of rice based cropping system buildups ecosystem resilience and food security. In the summer season, weed growth and water availability are a major problem for rice cultivation; it can be managed with the help of intercropping. A field experiment was carried out during summer season of 2023-24 at Integrated farming system research station, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram to study the production potential of diversified intercrops in paired row planted rice in summer fallows of double cropped lowland rice fields. The field experiment was laid out in a randomized, completely block design with 10 treatments and three replications. The treatments were T1: Paired row of Rice + Grain Cowpea, T2: Paired row of Rice + Finger millet, T3: Paired row of Rice + Foxtail millet, T4: Paired row of Rice + Proso millet, T5: Sole crop of Paired row Rice, T6: Sole crop of Grain Cowpea, T7: Sole crop of Finger millet, T8: Sole crop of Foxtail millet, T9: Sole crop of Proso millet, T10:Fallow. Among the treatments, higher number of tillers m-2 and leaf area index were in the sole crop of paired row rice (T5). Among the yield attributes, rice had the highest number of productive tillers m-2, grain yield and straw yield in the sole crop treatment(T5). Sole crop treatments performed best in terms of growth and yield attributes than their intercropping treatments. The highest yield (5.85 t ha⁻¹) was observed in the sole crop of rice (T5), which was superior to all other treatments. The yield recorded in T1 (paired row of rice + grain cowpea) and T4 (paired row of rice + proso millet) were statistically at par and significantly higher than T3 (paired row of rice + foxtail millet). Paired row of rice + grain cowpea (T1) recorded the highest monetary advantage index of ₹ 55820 ha-1. The analyzed data showed that T5(sole crop of paired row rice) resulted in 8 to 15 per cent grain yield increase over intercropping treatments. It can be concluded from the study that among the intercrops, grain cowpea can be recommended for diversification in paired row planting of rice in summer fallows for higher productivity and profitability.
Role of ZIP Family Transporters in Zinc Uptake and Transport in Plants: Implications for Biofortification and Zinc Deficiency Mitigation
Authors: Prabha V. Vijay , M Shree Charan , M Sudhir Deepak
Published: December 2024

Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient crucial for the physiological and biochemical processes in plants. Approximately 50% of global agricultural soils are Zn-deficient, leading to reduced crop yield and quality. The intricate balance of Zn uptake and homeostasis is most important for optimal plant growth and development, and its efficient uptake and transport within plants are facilitated by various families of metal transporters, including zinc-regulated transporter (ZRT)/iron-regulated transporter (IRT)-like protein (ZIP) family transporters through cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, and detoxification of Zn in plants. ZIP transporters also exhibit the ability to transport other divalent metal cations, including Cd2+, Fe2+, and Cu2+. homeostasis. This paper reviews the role of ZIP transporters in Zn transport, focusing on their identification, characterization, and expression patterns in different plant species such as rice, maize, wheat, barley, and foxtail millet. Furthermore, it discusses the potential of manipulating ZIP transporter genes for biofortification purposes to enhance Zn content in crops, thereby addressing global zinc deficiency issues.
Efficacy and Safety of Photobiomodulation on Non-infected Pressure Ulcer in Adults: A Study Protocol of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Magalhães Adriana da Silva , Motta Lara Jansiski , Pereira Isabel Veloso Alves , Bussadori Sandra Kalil , Duran Cinthya Cosme Gutierrez , Fernandes Kristianne Porta Santos , Mesquita-Ferrari Raquel Agnelli , Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini
Published: December 2024

Pressure injuries (PIs) are a significant public health issue, causing harm and compromising the safety of hospitalized patients. Some studies suggest that photobiomodulation may promote anti-inflammatory effects and wound revascularization, accelerating the healing process in skin wounds. However, the quality of evidence remains limited. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of photobiomodulation as a treatment for non-infected PIs in adults. Methods: It followed the methodological guidelines of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the PRISMA Statement. A systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be conducted in databases from their inception to December 2024 without language restrictions. The databases included MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, LILACS, BBO, ICTRP, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO, and OpenGrey.
PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42020200637.
Epidemiological Profile of Urinary Infection in Women Medical Students
Authors: Junior Hamilton Batista de Matos , Miranda Anna Julia Guedes de , Durão Gabriel Gonçalves , Gomes Samara Tatielle Monteiro , D'Alessandro Walmirton Bezerra , Poletto Karine Queiroz
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is an infection that occurs due to the ascension of bacteria from the perianal region to the urinary tract. The most affected population is female, due to anatomical factors and lifestyle habits that may predispose individuals to this infection.
Aim: The study aims to outline the epidemiological profile of urinary infections in female medical students.
Methodology: Urinary cultures were performed on 41 urine samples from medical students, who responded to a questionnaire addressing lifestyle habits that could promote urinary infections.
Results: All cultures performed yielded negative results. However, 70.7% of the samples exhibited microbial contamination with the growth of more than one bacterial species. Descriptive analysis of the questionnaire revealed that medical students engage in lifestyle habits that help prevent urinary tract infections, such as frequent bladder emptying, adequate water intake, cleaning the perianal area after sexual intercourse, and avoiding the indiscriminate use of antibiotics. Consequently, no classic signs of infection were observed on the day of sample collection.
Conclusion: It is hypothesized that, due to the advanced level of education among medical students, they possess a greater understanding of lifestyle habits that can mitigate the risk of urinary infections, thereby preventing the proliferation of uropathogenic bacteria. However, a significant rate of contamination was observed in the urine samples submitted for culture.
Optimizing Efficiency and Value Added in Tofu Production: A Food Industry Perspective
Authors: Sitohang Rasmi Febriani , Sinaga Asmina Herawaty , Siagian Sarmauli Hanny , Kesuma Indra Hadi , Masri Mahyuzar
Published: December 2024

Tofu production support food security and local economy in the Bandar area of Simalungun Regency. Tofu as an accessible additive for plant-based protein has all the potential to satisfy consumers’ demand and promote sustainable foods. The specific objectives of this study include; assessing technical, allocative and economic efficiency of tofu industries in the study area; and estimate the value added created. For the study, we incorporated time series data from the year 2019 to 2023 under descriptive analysis. The findings of the study on degree of technical, allocative and scale efficiencies were technical efficiency greater than one while allocative and scale efficiency were still less than one which implies that resource were not being used efficiently. However, the value added generated is positive with an average of 672,613,580.00 IDRs per year or 9.158.26 per tofu board, therefore should be continued. From the above findings, this study has some important policy implications such as stressing investment on new and more advanced production technology, offering training to labor so as to enhance efficiency level, and offering policies that may support the tofu firms sustainability. We foresee that the protective measures named above will enable the tofu industry to become more competitive, reduce somatic losses, and improve its contribution to the regional economy.
Microbial and Metabolites Dynamics during the Fermentation of Artisanal Drinks: Screening and Estimation from “cha’a” and “arky” Consumed in Yaoundé-Cameroon
Authors: Fokam Marcelle Aude Mafo , Kwetche Pierre René Fotsing , Djamen Pascal Dieudonné Chuisseu , Noche Christelle Domngang , Nkuete Nelly , Youté O’Neal Dorsel , Tsobo Christophe Masiala
Published: December 2024

Objective: The present work aimed at contributing to the mastering of fermentation processes in agricultural products.
Methodology: It targeted the identification and enumeration of micro-organisms present in three corn-based substrates namely sweet and fermented ‘‘cha'a’’, and the fermented original juice for ‘‘arky’’. Related investigations also focused on microbial population dynamics, alcoholic strength, reducing sugar concentrations, and pH values during fermentation. To achieve these goals, 10 specimens of fermented ‘‘arky’’ juice, 10 of sweetened ‘‘cha'a’’ and 10 of fermented ‘‘cha’a’’ were collected in some districts of the Yaoundé neighborhood and conveyed in refrigerated containers (≈2°C) to the laboratories where analyses were conducted. Culture, isolation, identification and enumeration were done according to the standard protocols.
Results: The microbial screening revealed the presence of Lactobacillus spp., Corynebacterium xerosis, Candida zeylanoides, Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacillus spp. It also indicated that the populations of fermenting organisms were optimal between the 4th and the 5th days of fermentation, with an increase of alcohol degree. Meanwhile, the contents in reducing sugars decreased in the three resources, like the pH values. Optimal microbial growth was observed at 30°C. All microbial populations persisted although the experiment. Identification of bacteria from the Enterococcus genus appeared as evidence of contamination of the substrates subjected, implying adulteration.
Conclusion: Combined, these findings indicate that with minimal financial resources Zea mays may contribute to health benefits (presence of probiotics) and serve for the production of alcohol; but ingesting the substrates studied in the present works also represents a health risk for two reasons: the high alcohol contents and potentially infectious disease etiologies.
Sustainable Ecotourism Development and Land Use Planning in Muara District, North Tapanuli, Indonesia: A Policy Review for the Lake Toba Shoreline
Authors: Sihombing Garry Nixson Paulus , Badaruddin  , Lindawati
Published: December 2024

This study explores the potential and challenges of developing sustainable ecotourism along the Lake Toba shoreline in Muara District, North Tapanuli Regency. Muara District is known for its scenic natural beauty and the rich cultural heritage of the Batak community, offering unique opportunities for tourism growth. However, several challenges hinder its development, including inadequate infrastructure, limited supporting facilities, insufficient promotion, and poor tourism management. To address these issues, the study employs a qualitative descriptive approach, gathering data through direct field observations, stakeholder interviews, and analysis of policy documents. The study applies SWOT analysis to identify internal strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Key findings reveal that Muara District’s natural beauty and Batak cultural heritage are critical strengths, while limited tourism facilities, poor accessibility, and a lack of digital promotion are significant weaknesses. Government support through the Super Priority Destination (DPSP) program and the global trend of ecotourism present valuable opportunities. However, threats such as environmental degradation and competition from other Lake Toba destinations pose significant risks. Based on these findings, strategic recommendations are proposed. These include infrastructure development, digital promotion, capacity-building for local communities, and environmental conservation initiatives. Implementing these strategies will improve tourist accessibility, enhance the visitor experience, and support sustainable tourism development. The findings provide policymakers and stakeholders with evidence-based strategies to achieve an optimal balance between tourism development, cultural preservation, and environmental sustainability, ultimately transforming Muara District into a leading ecotourism destination.
A Importância Das Políticas Públicas Para A Minimização Da Evasão Escolar
Authors: Romão Evódia Damasceno , Marques Francisco Roldineli Varela , Knak Liane Diniz , Batista Wagner Roberto , Mattos Thiago Pierre Linhares
Published: December 2024

A pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar as causas da evasão escolar a partir da perspectiva de educadores,
buscando compreender as interações que levam os alunos a abandonar a escola. Utilizando uma metodologia
qualitativa, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 15 professores de diversas disciplinas, permitindo
uma exploração aprofundada das percepções dos educadores sobre o tema. Os resultados indicaram que fatores
socioeconômicos, a infraestrutura escolar inadequada, a falta de apoio emocional e a ausência de envolvimento
familiar são barreiras significativas para a permanência dos alunos. Além disso, a pesquisa destacou a
importância de construir vínculos afetivos entre alunos e professores, bem como a relevância do currículo em
relação às experiências dos estudantes. Em conclusão, a evasão escolar é um fenômeno complexo que requer
uma abordagem integrada, com políticas públicas que considerem as múltiplas dimensões do problema,
promovendo um ambiente educacional inclusivo e seguro. A colaboração entre educadores, famílias e a
comunidade é essencial para garantir a retenção dos alunos e o desenvolvimento integral das novas gerações.
A Importância Das Políticas Públicas Para A Inclusão De Alunos Com Transtorno Do Espectro Autista (TEA) Nas Escolas
Authors: Pereira Gerlany De Fátima Dos Santos , Caldas Reinaldo Dias , Gutierrez Giuliana Loffredo , Moura Leila Rendall Dos Santos , Rodrigues Tiago Dos Santos
Published: December 2024

A pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar a percepção de professores sobre a inclusão de alunos com Transtorno
do Espectro Autista (TEA) nas escolas e o impacto das políticas públicas nesse processo. Para tanto, foi realizada
uma pesquisa exploratória de abordagem qualitativa, com uma amostra composta por 27 professores
selecionados por conveniência, que responderam a entrevistas em profundidade. A análise dos dados foi feita por
meio da técnica da análise do discurso. Os resultados revelaram que, embora as políticas públicas de inclusão,
como a Lei Brasileira de Inclusão, sejam amplamente reconhecidas pelos educadores, sua implementação
esbarra em desafios significativos, como a falta de recursos, a escassez de profissionais especializados e a
insuficiência da formação inicial dos professores. Muitos educadores apontaram a necessidade de maior capacitação contínua sobre o TEA, além de mais apoio especializado nas escolas para lidar com as
As Contribuições Da Formação Continuada Em Saúde Para Os Profissionais Atuantes Em Unidades De Terapia Intensiva (UTI's): Um Estudo Qualitativo
Authors: Andrade Renata Nery , Brito Ivan Alcântara , Queiroz Jordana Moraes Rolim , Vale Jessica De Sousa , Oliveira Josimá Lima
Published: December 2024

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as contribuições da formação contínua para os profissionais que atuam
em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTIs), destacando seus benefícios, desafios e impactos na prática profissional
e na segurança do paciente. A pesquisa foi de natureza exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, e envolveu uma
amostra de vinte profissionais de uma UTI, selecionados por conveniência. A coleta de dados foi realizada por
meio de entrevistas em profundidade, e a análise dos dados seguiu a técnica da análise do discurso. Os resultados
mostraram que, embora a formação contínua seja considerada essencial para a atualização dos conhecimentos
e para a melhoria do cuidado ao paciente, a falta de tempo devido à carga de trabalho intensa foi apontada como
uma das principais barreiras para a participação em cursos de qualificação. Os profissionais destacaram que os
cursos de educação à distância têm sido uma alternativa viável, mas enfatizaram a necessidade de maior foco
prático e personalizado nos conteúdos. A formação contínua também foi associada à melhoria na segurança do
paciente, maior motivação e satisfação profissional, além de contribuir para a gestão do estresse e
aprimoramento da comunicação com pacientes e familiares. Conclui-se que a formação contínua é fundamental
para a qualidade do atendimento nas UTIs, sendo necessário o apoio institucional para viabilizar a participação dos profissionais, além de uma maior adaptação dos programas de formação às demandas específicas do ambiente de UTI.
Gestão Escolar E Políticas Públicas: Perspectivas Para Uma Educação Inclusiva
Authors: Pereira Gerlany De Fátima Dos Santos , Claro Sushila Vieira , Ceretti Fernanda Lopes , Campos Nelma Lima E Silva , Da Silva Valdemir Barbosa
Published: December 2024

A pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar as políticas públicas e as estratégias de gestão escolar voltadas para o
desenvolvimento da educação inclusiva nas escolas brasileiras. Utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa e
exploratória, foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com quinze professores de uma escola pública,
selecionados por conveniência. A coleta de dados revelou que, apesar do reconhecimento da importância da
inclusão, os docentes enfrentam diversos desafios, como a falta de capacitação específica, a escassez de recursos
pedagógicos e as limitações na infraestrutura escolar. A gestão escolar, em algumas situações, não oferece o
suporte necessário para as adaptações pedagógicas, o que compromete a efetividade das estratégias inclusivas.
No entanto, os resultados também indicaram que a dedicação dos professores em buscar alternativas e estratégias
diferenciadas, o envolvimento de algumas famílias e o uso de tecnologias assistivas têm contribuído para um
ambiente mais inclusivo. A pesquisa conclui que a implementação plena da educação inclusiva depende de
políticas públicas mais eficazes, com investimento em formação continuada, infraestrutura adequada e materiais adaptados, além de uma maior articulação entre gestores, professores e famílias para garantir um ensino de qualidade para todos os alunos
Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of CMV and EBV among nurses working in pediatrics, transplantology, and primary health care
Authors: Zając Patrycja W , Czarkowska-Pączek Bożena , Wyczałkowska-Tomasik Aleksandra
Published: February 2020

Objective

The aim of the study was to determine and compare the prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibodies and DNA among nurses working in different profiles of healthcare activity.

Material and methods

The study population comprised 120 women (90 exposed healthcare workers and 30 controls). Blood samples were investigated using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassays (CMIA) tests to detect the presence of EBV VCA IgM, IgG, and CMV IgM, IgG. Plasma CMV and EBV DNA levels were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results

CMV IgG antibodies were present in 87.80% nurses (86.70% in controls), EBV IgG were present in all the nurses studied and in the control group. No statistically significant differences were noted between the subgroups of nurses and the control group as regards IgG CMV, VCA IgG EBV. CMV IgM/EBV IgM antibodies were negative in all the nurses. CMV/EBV DNA was reported only in the study group. It was not found in any of control group participants.

Conclusions

The positive PCR CMV/EBV markers only in the study group can be indicative of the exposure of nurses to these pathogens being greater than in other people not being professionally involved in patient care. In addition, it was observed that the level of CMV IgG antibodies as well as EBV VCA IgG antibodies tended to be linked to the age and the length of work of nurses working in pediatrics.
Underage drinking and the role of parents
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: February 2020

Last week's article on underage drinking and DWIs touched on the role of parents in helping to prevent both (see “Binge drinking in 12th grade predicts DWIs, blackouts and ‘extreme’ binge drinking,” ADAW, Feb. 3, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.32610). The article was based on a study published in Pediatrics, co‐authored by Ralph W. Hingson, Sc.D., M.P.H., director of the Division of Epidemiology and Prevention Research at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). Last week, Hingson, who presented on underage drinking at the annual leadership meeting of Community Anti‐Drug Coalitions of America (CADCA), also explained more about the role of parents. “Parents do have an influence over whether and how much their children drink,” he told us. For example, if a parent binge drinks, their children will be twice as likely to binge drink — and to have alcohol use disorder.
Low‐Friction, Superhydrophobic, and Shape‐Memory Vulcanized Rubber Microspiked Structures
Authors: Uemura Shun , Matsuo Yasutaka , Okamatsu Takahiro , Arita Toshihiko , Shimomura Masatsugu , Hirai Yuji
Published: February 2020

Multifunctional vulcanized rubber microspiked structures are prepared by a simple hot‐press process with a fine microstructured Si mold. The vulcanized rubber spiked structures reduce the friction coefficient by concentration of the load on the top of the spikes, as confirmed by a simple calculation of the relationship between the contact area and the friction force. The friction coefficient can also be controlled by elongation of the vulcanized rubber and the rubbing direction due to the changes in the arrangement of the spiked structures from hexagonal to anisotropic linear patterns without deformation of the spike structures. The vulcanized rubber spiked structures show additional functions such as superhydrophobicity and shape memory. The superhydrophobicity is realized by the fine microspiked structures, and the shape‐memory effect is generated by the vulcanized rubber properties. Therefore, folded spiked structures can be recovered to their original state by heat treatment, and superhydrophobicity regenerates. These results indicate that the surface microstructures can add further functionality to these materials. The simplicity of the preparation method required for this multifunctional vulcanized rubber offers great possibilities for the creation of superior products as there are many examples of such structural designs in nature.
Unveiling 3D Morphology of Multiscale Micro‐Nanosilver Sintering for Advanced Electronics Manufacturing by Ptychographic X‐ray Nanotomography
Authors: Lin Yu-Chung , Liu Xiaoyang , Chou Kang Wei , Tsai Esther H. R. , Zhao Chonghang , Holler Mirko , Diaz Ana , Petrash Stanislas , Chen-Wiegart Yu-chen Karen
Published: February 2020

The sintering processing–structure–property relationship of a multiscale silver materials is investigated: microparticles with nanofeatures, particularly on their three‐dimensional (3D) morphology. The target application is to replace conventional lead‐based solders in advanced electronic manufacturing. Unlike lead‐based solders, silver powders are suited to satisfy increasingly demanding mechanical, electrical, and thermal requirements, meanwhile being free of health effect. Sintering the material at a low temperature and without applied pressure are desirable conditions, which results in a preferred use of silver nanoparticles, as nanofeatures have higher driving force to sinter with the decrease in particle size. However, nanosized powders present potential health/environmental effects. To address the trade‐off between the benefits and shortcomings of nano‐ versus microparticles, this work studies a novel multiscale silver paste, namely micron‐sized powders with nanosized features. To get quantitative 3D visualization of micro‐ and nanoscale features, ptychographic X‐ray computed nanotomography is applied. The correlations between conditions (thermal aging, pressure, and substrate metallization), mechanical properties, and morphological parameters are established. Using novel 3D X‐ray nanoimaging technique, it is demonstrated that one can design multiscale materials while balancing complex demands required in advanced electronics manufacturing and research directions in materials design and characterization.
Synergistic Effect of Second Phase and Grain Size on Electrochemical Discharge Performance of Extruded Mg–9Al–xIn Alloys as Anodes for Mg–Air Battery
Authors: Li Ziyan , Wang Hongxia , Li Junjian , Zhuang Yongpeng , Gao Jianzhong , Li Hang , Cheng Weili
Published: February 2020

The extruded Mg–9Al–xIn alloys are systematically studied as the potential anode material for primary Mg–air batteries. In this study, the effect of grain size and second phase particles on electrochemical behavior and discharge performance of Mg–Al–In alloys with In content ranging from 0 to 1.0 wt% is investigated through microstructure characterization, electrochemical measurements, and half‐cell discharge tests. The results of this study indicate that the grain size of the alloy is remarkably refined to a range between 7.60 and 2.23 μm, and the distribution of the β‐Mg17Al12 phase can be effectively modified after the In element is added to the extruded Mg–9Al alloy. In addition, as the content of the In element increases, the area fraction of the second phase decreases while the size increases. The Mg–9Al–0.5In alloy is shown to have the highest discharge potential (−1.63 V) and the most negative corrosion potential (−1.51 V) among the studied alloys. In addition, the anode efficiency and power density of the Mg–9Al–0.5In alloy reaches 78.2% and 76.8 mW cm−2, respectively. The excellent discharge performance of the alloy is attributed to fine grain size, large area fraction, and dispersed micron‐sized precipitates and loose corrosion products. Consequently, these results reveal that Mg–9Al–0.5In alloy can serve as a promising anode material for Mg–air batteries.
Revisiting alfalfa planting dates for the semiarid U.S. Southwest
Authors: Lauriault Leonard M. , Marsalis Mark A. , Groesbeck John D.
Published: February 2020

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) growers in the southwestern United States desire to match irrigation allocations better and to recover at least some of the establishment costs in the seeding year by spring planting. Randomized complete block studies at Tucumcari and Los Lunas, NM compared planting date effects on seeding year and subsequent production year yields and seeding year economics. Seeding year yields in each test were statistically separated by the number of harvests taken. The earliest planting at Los Lunas produced 11.3 Mg ha−1 over three harvests in the seeding year to fully recover establishment and harvesting costs, and two harvests (4.3 Mg ha−1) from the earliest planting at Tucumcari recovered approximately half the costs. Production year yields from spring and late‐summer to early autumn seedings at Los Lunas were generally not different, but greater than 25 June and 21 July plantings (2‐yr mean yields for 12 May, 1 June, 25 June, 21 July, 11 August, 2 September, and 25 September planting dates were 22.8, 22.1, 20.5, 21.2, 23.3, 21.8, and 22.5 Mg ha−1, respectively; P < .0001, SEM = 0.4). Four‐year average production year yields at Tucumcari were statistically separated into spring, early to mid‐summer, and late summer plantings (12.8, 10.8, 10.1, 11.1, 8.8, and 8.7 Mg ha−1 4‐yr mean yields for 5 June, 26 June, 17 July, 7 August, 28 August, and 18 September planting dates, respectively; P < .0001, SEM = 0.8). Spring planting can potentially increase seeding year yields as well as throughout the stand life.
Longitudinal Neuroimaging over 30 Days: Temporal Characteristics of Migraine
Authors: Schulte Laura H. , Mehnert Jan , May Arne
Published: February 2020

Objective

Although migraine is defined by the headache and headache‐associated symptoms, the true beginning of a migraine attack lies in the premonitory phase. To understand the generation of attacks, one needs to investigate the phase before headache starts. The premonitory phase of migraine is characterized by a well‐described complex of symptoms. Its duration, however, is not clearly defined, and there are no biomarkers to help define when this phase starts.

Methods

Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to elucidate the duration of the premonitory phase in spontaneous human migraine attacks. Because migraine attacks are hardly predictable and thereby the premonitory phase is difficult to catch, we scanned 9 patients daily over a minimum period of 30 days using a well‐established paradigm for functional MRI of trigeminal nociception.

Results

Seven patients were included in the analysis, thus providing cumulative data of 27 spontaneous human migraine attacks including scans before, during, and after migraine pain as well as interictal scans. As a response to painful trigeminal stimulation, activation of the hypothalamus was present within the last 48 hours before headache onset but not earlier.

Interpretation

Using hypothalamic activation as a potential marker for the premonitory phase of migraine in this unique dataset, our data corroborated a duration of 48 hours for the premonitory phase of migraine. We suggest applying this time criterion in future studies when focusing on this phase of the migraine cycle. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:646–651
Reversible Assembly of Microgels by Metallo‐Supramolecular Chemistry
Authors: Es Sayed Julien , Lorthioir Cédric , Banet Philippe , Perrin Patrick , Sanson Nicolas
Published: February 2020

The combination of supramolecular chemistry and soft colloids as microgels represents an ambitious way to develop multi‐versatile colloidal assemblies. Hereafter, terpyridine‐functionalized poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAM) microgel building blocks are shown to undergo an assemble–freeze–disassemble process. The microgel assemblies, which are controlled by monitoring the attractive and repulsive potentials between the soft colloidal particles, are then frozen by forming inter‐particle metal–terpyridine bis‐complexes upon addition of the metallic cation (such as FeII, CoII). By oxidation of the metal–terpyridine bis‐complex links, the aggregates open up, which is due to the complex dissociation releasing the connected particles in the form of single microgels. We extended our work to the development of 1D filaments and 2D membranes materials made of soft particles connected via supramolecular chemistry.
Intercalation of copper salt to montmorillonite K‐10 and its application as a reusable catalyst for Chan–Lam cross‐coupling reaction
Authors: Sarmah Manashi , Dewan Anindita , Boruah Purna K. , Das Manash R. , Bora Utpal
Published: February 2020

A simple and efficient catalytic system has been developed by adsorption of copper salt in the interlayers of montmorillonite K‐10. The catalytic system impressively exercises the green chemistry perspective leading to effortless recovery and recyclability for the cross‐coupling of arylboronic acids and N‐nucleophiles. The effect of catalytic activity was studied for electronically diverse arylboronic acids and imidazoles relying on various optimizations under optimum thermal condition. The catalytic system was characterized and the morphology was determined.
Biosynthesis and characterization of Dillenia indica‐mediated silver nanoparticles and their biological activity
Authors: Nayak Sreenivasa , Bhat Meghashyama P. , Udayashankar A.C. , Lakshmeesha T.R. , Geetha Nagaraja , Jogaiah Sudisha
Published: February 2020

Dillenia indica L. is a traditional medicinal plant well known for its ability to cure various human diseases. In the current study, silver nanoparticles have been synthesized by simple and eco‐friendly method using Dillenia indica extract. The green synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV–visible spectroscopy, Atomic force microscopy (AFM), High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM), Zeta Potential and Size Distribution. UV–visible and FTIR spectra, AFM, HR‐TEM and Zeta Potential readings and size distribution conformed that the synthesized silver particles were in the size of nano. The green synthesized silver nanoparticles were subjected for antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive bacteria Enterococcus faecalis and Gram‐negative bacteria Escherichia coli by agar well diffusion method. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited significant inhibition of 27 and 16 mm against the test bacteria at 0.25 mg/ml. Further the antibacterial activity was confirmed by live and dead cell assay by fluorescence microscopy and morphological changes of bacteria were studied by Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The study recommends that the synthesized silver nanoparticles using Dillenia indica extract have potential application in inhibition of bacteria owing to their potent antibacterial activity.
Fabrication of reinforced and toughened poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) composites through solid die drawing process
Authors: Zhang Tongying , Wu Pingping , Yang Qi , Jiang Jian
Published: February 2020

In this study, poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) was introduced to poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix to improve its inherent poor toughness. Besides, the orientation structure was also introduced via die drawing process to compensate for strength loss. The results indicate that die drawing process contributes to improve the mechanical properties of PLA. The tensile strength, modulus, and elongation at break of die‐drawn pure PLA increased by 76.6, 36.1, and 1,375.0%, respectively, compared with those of isotropic PLA. Moreover, the tensile strength can be further improved by the addition of PBAT. The die drawing process can remarkably improve crystallinity, and the orientation factor is high when the PBAT content is less than 30 wt%. By combining the PBAT with highly oriented structure imported by die drawing process, it is possible to prepare simultaneously reinforced and toughened materials, which provides a new insight into the modification of PLA.
Synergistic effects of modified TiO2/multifunctionalized graphene oxide nanosheets as functional hybrid nanofiller in enhancing the interface compatibility of PLA/starch nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Pengkai , Xiong ZhouYi , Xiong Hanguo , Cai Jie
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study is to investigate the synergistic effects of modified TiO2/multifunctionalized graphene oxide nanosheets at different ratios on the interface compatibility between starch and poly(lactic acid) (PLA). To this end, silanylated nano‐TiO2 (MTiO2, 1 and 2%) and alkylated maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide (f‐GO, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4%) at different combinations are blended with the PLA‐starch composites using solution blending technique. Then, the synergistic effects of MTiO2 and f‐GO on PLA/starch matrix are investigated in terms of the morphology, crystallinity, structural characterization, thermal stability, dynamic mechanical, and antiaging properties, and the related mechanisms. The Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra verify the successful synthesis of the two modified nanofillers (f‐GO and MTiO2) and the formation of strong hydrogen bond within the PLA‐starch nanocomposites. Due to the strong interfacial interaction and the synergistic effect from the combination of 1% MTiO2 and 0.2% f‐GO, obvious improvement was observed in PLA‐starch versus other nanocomposites in terms of morphology, thermal stability, surface hydrophobicity, storage modulus, ultraviolet‐shielding capacity, and aging‐resistance. Furthermore, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), isothermal crystallization kinetic, and X‐ray diffraction analysis demonstrate that f‐GO and the M‐TiO2 significantly synergize in enhancing the crystallization rate and crystallinity of PLA/starch matrix. These results provide novel insights for constructing high‐performance nanocomposites and facilitate their applications in food packaging.