bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical Composition Oil and Ethanol Extract of Nutmeg Leaf and Antibacterial Test Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Kapelle Imanuel Berly Delvis , Souhoka Fensia Analda , Walla Ainun Maharani
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the yield and composition of the essential oil and ethanol extract of nutmeg leaves and determine its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Nutmeg leaf oil was obtained by isolation using steam-water distillation and extraction methods using maceration with ethanol as solvent. The moisture content of nutmeg leaves is 11.11%. From the distillation method, 0.26% nutmeg oil was obtained, while the yield of nutmeg oil was 29.01% from the extraction method. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer analysis showed that distilled nutmeg oil contains 20 components with the main composition, namely myristicin (15.92%), b-phellandrene (14.35%), limonene (11.20%), b-pinene (10.81%), and a-pinene (8.59%). The ethanol extract of nutmeg leaf contains 37 components with the main composition being myristicin (7.64%), 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11,13,13-tetradecamethylheptasiloxane (7.14%), 2,2-dimethyl-1-decanol (7.12%), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (5.55%), and 9-dodecane-1-al (4.63%). The antibacterial activity test of nutmeg oil was carried out using the good diffusion method. The inhibitory power of nutmeg oil and ethanol extract of nutmeg leaves against S. aureus bacteria were 20.31 mm and 23.56 mm, while against P. aeruginosa bacteria were 11.79 mm and 8.86 mm, respectively.
İSTANBUL’DAKİ RUM OKULLARININ TARİHİ VE BUGÜNÜ
Authors: ÇORBACI Osman Kamil , ER Hamit
Published: June 2022

Osmanlı Devleti, İstanbul’un fethinden sonra eğitim ve dini müesseselerin faaliyetleri hususunda Müslümanlara tanıdığı hakları azınlıklara da tanımış, kiliselerin yakınında eğitim kurumlarını açmalarına müsaade etmiştir. Çalışmanın temel problemini, 19. yy’da sayıları artan ve patrikhaneden bağımsız olarak açılan Rum okulların; Osmanlı ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti dönemindeki eğitim dönüşümlerinin hangi şartlar altında gerçekleştiğinin belirlenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada ayrıca; Cumhuriyet Türkiye’sindeki Rum okullarının eğitim ve öğretim anlayışlarına değinilmiş, din eğitimi müfredatları hakkında da bilgi verilmiştir. Lozan Konferansı’yla Patrikhane’ye bağlı olan okullar mevcut yasa ve yönetmeliklere tâbi tutulmuş Antlaşma’nın ilgili maddeleri gereğince daha rahat kararlar alınabilmiştir. 1924 mübadelesiyle ülke sınırları içindeki Rum nüfusu da azaldığı için yeni okulların açılmasına izin verilmemiştir. Bugün, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı bünyesinde varlıklarını sürdüren Rum okullarının hukuki dayanakları, tarihçe ve amaçlarının bilinmesi Cumhuriyet döneminde yaşanan köklü değişimin anlaşılması açısından önemlidir. Literatür taramasının kullanıldığı çalışmanın sonuçları, diğer azınlık grupların incelenmesine örnek teşkil edebileceği gibi din eğitimi literatürüne de katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
The creatures in the Yakut zoomorphic pantheon: chimeras and werewolves
Authors:   federal state budget educational institution of higher education «Saint Petersburg State University of Culture», Ulyana Petrovna Suzdalova
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the creatures in the Yakut zoomorphic pantheon. It is noted that fantastic qualities are an indispensable attribute of all zoomorphic characters in a view of the world and folklore of traditional culture. Special attention is paid to the analysis and typological ranking of chimeras and werewolves in Yakut folklore. Examples of fixation of other subgroups of the creatures are given. The problem is posed of constructing an exhaustive typology that allows ranking all the fantastic characters of the zoomorphic pantheon. The article contains many examples of fantastic characters taken from the Yakut epic.
The influence of fashion on the development of creative industries
Authors:   federal state budget educational institution of higher education «Saint Petersburg State University of Culture», Maria Viktorovna Yakovleva
Published: June 2022

Modern fashion is interpreted as the sphere of generating ideas and their embodiment in material samples. One of the main roles in this process is played by intellectual capital. Which, in the conditions of the crisis of modern socio-economic policy, is considered as a productive and alternative option for the resource-based economy of capital. This fact has been embodied in the development of the creative economy, in the phenomenon of creative industries, which include the fashion industry, design, advertising and other creative areas. The issue of the influence of fashion, its trends and practical developments on creative spheres acquires a significant role. In particular, the phenomenon of greening as a trend of modern fashion significantly affects the development of creative ideas, consumer culture, and production. This process is embodied in eco-tourism, architecture, interior design, popularization of crafts and craft technologies. Also, the fashion industry is a sphere for the realization of the creative potential of young people and its socialization.
Linguadidactic interpretation of John Du Bois’ stance triangle
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Saint-Petersburg State University», Aiying Gu
Published: June 2022

The relevance of this research is explained by the importance of developing a methodology for teaching foreign postgraduate students to express an authorial stance in a scientific text, which would contribute to the formation of the skills necessary for writing a Ph.D. dissertation. It has been suggested that the basis of the proposed methodology could be the «stance triangle» model of John W. Du Bois in which the subject of creative activity (an author) interacts with other subjects and referential object toward which the stance is being directed. The purpose of this article is a linguodidactic interpretation of the Du Bois’ stance triangle. The main research method is modeling the process of teaching foreign postgraduate students how to express an authorial stance based on the Du Bois’ concept. The results of the study are as follows: 1. Du Bois’ stance triangle is adapted to the conditions of teaching the Russian language to foreign postgraduate students. 2. The peculiarities of the subject as a reader and as an author are revealed. 3. Three components are established in the explanation of the authorial stance in a scientific text whereby a subject takes a stance by expressing an attitude, positioning himself, and aligning with other subjects. 4. The linguodidactic advantages of using the adapted triangle as a learning tool are established. 5. A model for teaching foreign postgraduate students-linguists to express the authorial stance in a scientific text has been built. It includes three parts and is aimed at forming the concept of the authorial stance and knowledge of the means of its expression in a scientific text, the skills of understanding and writing a linguistic text with an expressed authorial stance.
Music еducation in тon-сentral regions of Russia: сrisis of goals
Authors:   the Perm State Institute of Culture, Lyudmila Fyodorovna Ivonina
Published: June 2022

To decentralize the music education in Russia, it is necessary to find a way to expand the job market by creating new jobs in non-central regions, which can be achieved by developing the cultural infrastructure. In many regions of Russia, young musicians do not have the possibility to do the full cycle of music education; as a result, they are constrained to leave their hometowns and study in large cultural centers, then find a job there. This process leads to cultural impoverishment in minor towns of Russia, which reduces the motivation to pursue a professional training in music arts. This situation reflects general tendencies in the development of education in times of crisis: the goals are unclear, and the potential demand for many professions may decrease in the future. A measure that could help prevent the crisis would be developing education in humanities to increase the quality of life for the entire society and grow human capital.
Alexander Ivanovich Krasovsky – librarian of the Imperial Public Library
Authors:   federal state budget institution «National Library of Russia», Galina Vasil’evna Mikheeva
Published: June 2022

The name of Alexander Ivanovich Krasovsky – the odious censor of the Nikolaev era – is well known to the enlightened reader. Like anecdotes, there are his unfounded nit-picking of writers and poets of the first quarter of the 19th century, interference in the personal lives of subordinates, the desire to suspect and exterminate sedition in the most harmless statements. At the same time, his impeccable service in the Imperial Public Library for 23 years, his participation in the solemn opening of the Imperial Public Library for readers on January 2 (14), 1814, and the preparation of reports for the first years of its activity remain in the shadow. Krasovsky’s role as one of the founders of reader studies and recommendatory bibliography in the first national library of Russia, its first historiographer deserves special attention.
The first period is over: what are the perspectives for us in the museum’s world?
Authors:   federal state budget educational institution of higher education «Saint Petersburg State University of Culture», Yuliya Vladimirovna Zinov’eva
Published: June 2022

Book review: World trends and museum practice in Russia: Proc. of the Intern. Sci. Conf., Moscow, Oct. 30–31, 2018 / ed. A. A. Sundieva. – Moscow: Russ. State Humanitarian Univ., 2019. – 462 p. – ISBN 978-5-7281-2323-1
Forming a positive image of Russia based on the experience of SPbGIK
Authors:   federal state budget educational institution of higher education «Saint Petersburg State University of Culture», Irina Isaevna Bass , Liubov Vladimirovna Kolpashchikova ,   federal state budget educational institution of higher education «Saint Petersburg State University of Culture»
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of creating a positive image of Russia in Japan and a positive educational impact on students that is the result of their active participation in various activities aimed at achieving this goal. The conclusions of the article are underpinned by the results of three-week seminar «Russian language and Russian culture» that has been held at SPbGIK for Japanese students from Meiji Gakuin University and Jochi Daigaku (Sophia University) for 15 years already, as well as meetings of SPbGIK students with students at Nihon University, Japan. The program of the seminar in addition to the lessons of the Russian language and sightseeing tours around St. Petersburg and its suburban municipalities included lectures on Russian culture, history and music. The Japanese and Russian students visited the house of the station superintendent in the village of Vyra, Veliky Novgorod and the museum of ancient wooden architecture in the village of Vitoslavlitsy, participated together with folklore groups in old Russian folk games, round dances, etc. The value of this work is multifaceted. On the one hand, because of the immersion in Russian culture, communication with students and teachers of SPbGIK the Japanese students acknowledged to have created an objective and a more complete positive image of Russia. On the other hand, the Russian young people involved in this work deepened their sense of responsibility for the image of Russia, growing aware of the need to make a personal contribution to its creation, understanding that those impressions about Russia that the Japanese take home depend on everyone. It is necessary to search for new forms of work in this direction, to attract the youth to it, to accumulate, to generalize and exchange experience.
Features of the photographer’s work and a graphic designer in the creation of soviet cinema advertising
Authors:   State Museum and Exhibition Center ROSPHOTO, Vasily Andreevich Gusak , Evgenii Dmitrievich Eremenko ,   federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education «St. Petersburg state Institute of cinema and television»
Published: June 2022

The article examines the historical and cultural context of propaganda, ideological, aesthetic qualities of posters and photographs in Soviet cinema advertising. An advertising image from a photograph or movie poster is considered as the main «supplier» and/or «intermediary» of the broadcast meanings. The phenomenon of two creative professions is analyzed – a graphic designer and a cinema photographer. We are talking about work that meets the advertising goals of film distribution and, at the same time, about a kind of manifestation of the content side of Soviet films through their artistic interpretation. The main part of the posters for cinemas and houses of culture was «handmade», created in one copy (along with posters replicated on copying equipment). For many decades of the twentieth century, designers and photographers functioned as intermediaries between the authors of screen content and recipients, creating a variety of interpretations of works of cinema.
Folklore and patriotic themes in Soviet jazz compositions of the 60-70s of the twentieth century
Authors:   federal state budget institution of higher education «Saint Petersburg State University of Culture», Petr Kazimirovitch Kornev
Published: June 2022

This article examines the influence of folklore on the works of Soviet jazz composers. Musicians, ensembles and jazz orchestras of various republics of the former USSR actively introduced into their repertoire both arrangements of folk songs and original pieces with a national flavor. An outsize proportion of improvisations in these compositions gave an extraordinary appeal to this music. Also, the article mentions the popularization of famous military songs by jazz bands and singers during the Second World War. Many famous world stars also replenished their repertoire with Russian melodies. Since the 50s, Russian composers have been paying increasing attention to the creation of plays with a folklore flavor. Such pieces bring popularity to jazz groups. This is facilitated by the development of the jazz festival movement in Moscow, Leningrad and the capitals of the Union republics. In conclusion, about the influence of folklore themes on the formation of the creativity of modern jazz performers.
Cinema of Yakutia in the context of the dialog of cultures
Authors:   Arctic State Institute of Culture and Arts, Gela Alekseevna Krasilnikova , Tatiana Fedorovna Lyapkina ,   Arctic State Institute of Culture and Arts
Published: June 2022

The increasing influence of screen arts on the life of modern society determines the interest of the humanities for their comprehensive study. Cultural comprehension of the screen, imaginative activity, research aimed at the interpretation of screen images, identification of specific features of certain types, forms and directions of visual practices, their genesis are particular relevance. The research of the prerequisites for the formation of the Yakut cinema is based on the philosophical concept of the dialogue of cultures by V. S. Bibler and the psychological theories of L. S. Vygotsky, who using the cultural-historical approach approves the interrelation of language (sign) and the formation of consciousness. This perspective allows to reveal similarity of processes of «spinning» (the term that L. S. Vygotsky used to refer to the process of transferring external forms into internal structures) of new cultural forms and phenomena and mastering of speech as ability of self-expression. Using the notions of «interiorization» and «exteriorization» the specifics of the Yakut cinema development are revealed – from the stage of mastering a film form to the subsequent translation of the Yakut culture meanings into the language of film forms. The history of cinema formation in the republic, considered from the perspective of dialogue of cultures, allows to take a new look at the process, highlighting the key stages not in terms of diachronicity but in terms of their importance on the way of formation of a specific cultural phenomenon, based on folklore tradition and expressed in stylistic originality, thematic orientation, approach to visual means.
LİSE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN COVİD-19, YÜZ YÜZE EĞİTİM VE UZAKTAN EĞİTİM ALGILARI
Authors: AYDINCI Merve , ZORLUOĞLU S. Levent
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada; lise öğrencilerinin, Covid-19 Pandemisi ve bu pandeminin öğrenim hayatlarına etkisine ilişkin metaforik algılarınızın belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi olgu-bilim (fenomolojik) desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 100 lise öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanması için öğrencilerden ‘‘Covid-19…… gibidir; çünkü……’’, “Yüz yüze eğitim……gibidir; çünkü……’’ ve “Uzaktan eğitim…… gibidir; çünkü……’’ şeklindeki ifadeler pandemi sürecini dikkate alarak tamamlamaları istenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi ile belirli kategorilere ayrılmıştır. Bu kategoriler cinsiyet demografik değişkenine göre gruplara ayrılmıştır. Metafor formu metafor konusunda uzman bir uzmana inceletilmiş ve soru maddelerinin ölçme amacına uygun olup olmadığı hakkındaki görüşleri alınmıştır. Covid-19 algıları ‘sağlık’, ‘bulaşıcılık’, ‘doğal afet’, ‘bağımlılık’, ‘canlı’, ‘kısıtlama’, ‘zarar’ ve ‘öldürme’ olmak üzere 8 kategoride toplanmıştır. Yüz yüze eğitim algıları ‘gıda’, ‘aydınlanma’, ‘bitki’, ‘etkileşim’, ‘şifa’ ve ‘iyimser bakış açısı’ olmak üzere 6 kategoride toplanmıştır. Uzaktan eğitim algıları ‘eğitim’, ‘edebiyat’, ‘teknoloji’, ‘kalitesiz’ ve ‘kötümser bakış açısı’ olmak üzere 5 kategoride toplanmıştır. Çalışmada kadınlar, erkeklere göre Covid-19 ile ilgili daha fazla olumsuz metafor oluşturmuştur. Yüz yüze eğitim ile ilgili kadınlar ve erkekler genel olarak pozitif algıya sahiptir. Çalışmada teknoloji kategorisinde en fazla erkekler, eğitim, edebiyat ve kalitesiz kategorilerinde en fazla kadınlar metafor oluştururken, kötümser bakış açısı kategorisinde erkekler ve kadınlar eşit metafor oluşturmuştur.
ANALYSIS OF LEGAL ACTS REGULATINGHOSPITAL PHARMACY IN RUSSIA
Authors: Zubkov V.V. , Yagudina R.I.
Published: June 2022

To Develop classification of legal acts regulating the activities of hospital pharmacies and identify significant problems in them for drug provision enhancement in health facilities. Methods The main regulatory framework governing the hospital pharmacies activities was carried out using the computer help system "Con- sultant Plus" and Internet search engines Google and Yandex. The first group (group No. 1) includes terms that affect the actual subject of the study – hospital pharmacy and synonyms. The second group of words used (group No. 2) is common terms of hospital pharmacy activities and drug supply in the health facilities. Results We developed classification of regulatory legal acts that regulate the work of hospital pharmacies by the method of regulation (regulating directly and indirectly) and by content (regulating general aspects and applied aspects of drug provision in the health facility. Regulations governing general aspects, the definition of the hospital pharmacy as a pharmacy organization, the classifi- cation of pharmacy organizations, the status of a hospital pharmacy, the list of goods provided by a hospital pharmacy, as well as pharmaceutical works performed. Legal acts regulating applied aspects include groups of documents regulating the main process- es (drug supply) and regulating the supporting processes (personnel policy, provision of material and technical resources). Conclusion We identified non-regulated stages of drug supply specific for health facilities. In connection with the abolition of Soviet period legal acts important issues, personal and material and technical resources, were excluded from the legal framework, which was not compensated by the emergence of relevant legal acts. To date, a systematic approach has not been developed in the legal regula- tion of the hospital pharmacy, there is no continuity of legal acts and uniformity of terminology.
PELAKSANAAN UNDANG UNDANG NOMOR 16 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 1974 DALAM MENURUNKAN ANGKA PERNIKAHAN ANAK DI BAWAH UMUR DI KABUPATEN LANGKAT (STUDI KASUS DI PENGADILAN AGAMA STABAT KELAS IB)
Authors: Abidin Muhammad , Milhan Milhan , Firmansyah Heri
Published: June 2022

abstract

 

Implementation of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 16 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage in reducing the number of child marriages in Langkat Regency, the reality of implementing Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 16 of 2019 in reducing child marriage rates Underage children in the Stabat Religious Court can still be said to have not been optimal in their implementation in reducing the number of underage marriages. The implications of this research include: there are still many people who do not understand so that the author through this thesis can provide knowledge to the public about the consequences after underage marriage and the importance of the ideal age in carrying out marriage so that the realization of the purpose of marriage itself is contained in the spirit of Article 1 Law of 1974 concerning Marriage. That is to create a happy eternal family according to God Almighty and allow the creation of a sakinah, mawaddah and rahmah family.

 

Keywords: Implementation, Law No. 16 Year 2019, Lowering Marriage
SEJARAH KODIFIKASI HUKUM ISLAM (TAQNIN) DI NEGARA ISLAM
Authors: Misnan Misnan
Published: June 2022

Taqnin is an incorporation of Islamic law (fiqh) into a state legal system. The enacted Islamic law has a binding legal force and therefore must be obeyed all citizens. Since introduced by ‘Ibn Muqaffa’ in the reign of the abbasid caliph, the development of taqnin had experienced ups and downs. The taqnin was truly realized, when the Majallah al-Ahkam al-Adhliyah was implemented throughout the Ottoman Empire in 1293 AH/1878 AD. This paper discusses the history of the development of taqnin in Muslim countries, including Indonesia.
PANDANGAN ULAMA DAN MASYARAKAT KECAMATAN SINGKIL KABUPATEN ACEH SINGKIL TENTANG ADAT TEMETOK DALAM WALIMAH AL-‘URSY
Authors: Irbansyah Ricky , Armia Armia , Ja'far Hasbullah
Published: June 2022

Marriage is the initial process of starting a family life, in conducting marriage it is recommended also to carry out Walimah Al-rsUrsy or a wedding reception to inform the public that they are married so that later misunderstanding and slander will not occur. Walimah Al-rsUrsy means bridal food. The point is the food that is provided specifically at weddings. In Singkil Subdistrict, Aceh Singkil Regency in carrying out Walimah Al-'Ursy there is the Temetok custom, where each wedding party or circumcision, a large family will be summoned one by one to surround the bride or circumcision offer, then give a certain amount of money usually from the big family. giving in large quantities. With this custom, there are families who feel burdened. This fact raises the question: What is meant by Temetok adat in Walimah Al-'Ursy in Singkil District? What is the Temetok adat process in Walimah Al-'Ursy in Singkil District? -'Ursy in Singkil District ?. In this study the authors used a descriptive analysis method, which is a study that aims to describe a current reality. The technique used in obtaining data is by using field research as a source, namely by conducting interviews with related parties as well as observing and researching the literature, as secondary data, namely by studying and reading books, books book. As for the results that the authors found in this study and supported by the Qur'an and Al-Hadith and Islamic law, the Ulama are of the opinion that the Temetok customary law in Walimah Al-'Ursy is permissible, if no one feels objected and there is no who demanded to be returned with the custom. But if there are people who feel objected and demanded to be returned with adat, then the law is not in accordance with Islamic law. And this needs to be socialized by the Ulama to the people who are still implementing the Temetok custom.

 
ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЕ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ В РАСПРЕДЕЛЁННЫХ СИСТЕМАХ СИТУАЦИОННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр ", ЗАЦАРИННЫЙ А. А. ,   Информатика и управление",   РАН, 119333, г. Москва, ул. Вавилова, д. 44, корп. 2., СУЧКОВ А. П. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр "Информатика и управление" РАН, 119333, г. Москва, ул. Вавилова, д. 44, корп. 2.
Published: June 2022

Представлены результаты исследований по интеграции распределенных систем ситуационного управления. Рассматриваются как теоретические, так и практические вопросы организации информационного взаимодействия, апробированные в ряде научно-исследовательских и опытно-конструкторских работ. На основе анализа опыта организации межведомственного информационного взаимодействия крупных государственных отечественных и зарубежных информационных систем, а также проведённых научных исследований, предлагаются пути решения научнотехнических проблем в этой сфере, а именно: обосновываются концептуальные и архитектурные решения по организации информационного взаимодействия на основе создания единых моделей государственных данных. Монография рекомендуется специалистам в области автоматизированных информационных систем ситуационного управления научно-исследовательских организаций, предприятий промышленности, преподавательского состава высших учебных заведений, аспирантов, а также может использоваться при подготовке специалистов высших учебных заведений по направлению «Теоретическая и прикладная информатика».
Algumas constatações da trajetória da formação docente no Brasil
Authors: Thais Oliveira Duque  , Leticia Mara de Faria  , Ana Flávia Silva Pacheco
Published: June 2022

O objetivo desse artigo foi compreender a formação docente e quais influências podem ser observadas quanto a este processo a partir das evidências relatadas em publicações científicas que abordaram o tema nos últimos onze anos. Para a busca foi utilizado a Plataforma de periódicos CAPES. Foram encontrados 339 artigos, esses analisados em três etapas. A análise permitiu considerar que temos dois pólos de formação docente, o Estado/Mercado ditando as regras sem dar voz à academia. Os acadêmicos, pesquisadores formadores, apontando um caminho de formação reflexiva, pautada na pesquisa, mas ao mesmo tempo não valorizando os saberes e práticas docentes e a formação contínua. E, ainda temos os alunos, diversos e frágeis, que pela desvalorização da profissão e falta de apoio do Estado acabam desistindo do curso.
The ‘Japanization’ debate from 1980 to 2000
Authors: Ioakimidis Marilou
Published: June 2022

The industrial success of Japan in the latter half of the twentieth century led to great interest in the Japanese management model and its associated concepts such as kaizen, JIT, and satei. When Japanese companies began expanding into the United States, the United Kingdom, and other Western countries, a debate ensued about whether the Japanese management model could be successfully transferred to Western firms. This transference was often termed the Japanization of the West. The debate was at its prime from 1980 to 2000. After outlining the key features of the Japanese model, this paper reviews relevant literature from the period to determine the prominent positions and arguments presented in the debate. The paper concludes by identifying several main themes reflected in the controversy and questioning the usefulness of the blanket term Japanization in examining the transference of the Japanese model to the West.
Distribución territorial de los subsidios al transporte colectivo. Caso: Área Metropolitana de Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: García Schilardi María Emilia
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo se orienta a identificar cómo están distribuidos territorialmente los subsidios al transporte colectivo en una ciudad del centro-oeste argentino. Se enmarca en la consideración de que las áreas periféricas, producto de los procesos de urbanización acelerada, se configuran como territorios poco accesibles, dependientes cada vez más de la movilidad, y por ello, del servicio de transporte colectivo. El marco teórico se fundamenta en la lógica microeconómica y se complementa con el nuevo paradigma de la movilidad y la accesibilidad. La metodología es cuantitativa y se fundamenta en técnicas estadísticas, proponiendo un método de vinculación de estas con cartografía. Como resultado se detecta una distribución territorial de los subsidios regresiva, que puede mejorarse a partir de la vinculación de su asignación con variables de demanda y de la operación del servicio.
Vivienda estatal y organización territorial en el Gran Buenos Aires. Los casos de Avellaneda y Vicente López, 1946-1955
Authors: Aboy Rosa
Published: June 2022

En este artículo se analizan las políticas habitacionales llevadas a cabo en dos municipios del Gran Buenos Aires durante el período 1946-1955, cuando, fundamentalmente bajo la gobernación de Domingo Mercante, se construyeron numerosos conjuntos de vivienda estatal. Tratándose de una investigación en curso, este trabajo presenta perspectivas analíticas e interpretaciones no concluyentes, enfocadas en las políticas urbanas, en la organización social y en la dimensión espacial y territorial de los barrios obreros del período, en los partidos de Avellaneda y Vicente López. Este primer análisis adopta una perspectiva doble y complementaria: por una parte, los conjuntos de vivienda estatal se analizan bajo la luz de la historia de la urbanística y la arquitectura y, por otra, enfocando la dimensión histórica de las políticas públicas y sociales durante el peronismo clásico.
Associative links between obesity and vitamin D levels as a risk factor for primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Goncharova O. A. , Dubovik V. M.
Published: June 2022

To date, the fact and mechanisms of associative links between vitamin D deficiency and primary hyperparathyroidism have been established. In turn, the level of 25 (OH) D is influenced by climatic conditions and the presence of obesity.

Objective — to determine the supply of vitamin D in patients with endocrine disorders living in the climate in Ukraine, and to assess the impact of obesity on vitamin D levels and the development of hypercalcemia (signs of primary hyperparathyroidism).

Materials and methods. Body mass index (BMI), serum levels of Ca and vitamin D were assessed in 145 patients, hospitalized in the clinic of Institute of Endocrine Pathology named after V. Ya. Danilevsky NAMS of Ukraine for various endocrine pathologies. The frequency of vitamin insufficiency and vitamin D efficiency, hypercalcemia was analyzed in groups with and without obesity.

Results. The proportion of obese in the general group was 33.8 %, among men — 28.57 %, among women — 35.04 % (p < 0.05). The level of Ca in the blood was 2.39 ± 0.02 mmol/L, high Ca level occurred in 16.55 %, and obesity — in 49 (33.49 %) patients. Against the background of obesity, the level of Ca was 2.42 ± 0.02, and in non-obese people — 2.38 ± 0.02 (p > 0.05). Average level of vitamin D in the blood in the general group was 22.95 ± 0.73 mg/ml and was probably lower in the individuals with obesity (20.95 ± 1.39 vs. 24.09 ± 0.81 mg/ml in groups without obesity, p < 0.05). Distribution of the disease by the degree of vitamin D provision showed that in a cohort with low security vitamin D and the presence of obesity subgroup with a deficiency of vitamin D (20 — 29 ng/ ml) was 1.5 times bigger as the similar subgroup without obesity.

Conclusions. In the climatic conditions of Ukraine, the average level of vitamin D in patients with endocrine pathology is within its deficiency (22.95 ± 0.73 ng/ ml). The presence of obesity in patients with endocrine pathology is associated with a probably lower supply of vitamin D, almost 1.5 times bigger the subgroup with vitamin deficiency (< 20 ng/ ml). The combination of obesity and vitamin D deficiency should be considered as a risk factor for primary hyperparathyroidism in patients with endocrine pathology. Such patients need regular monitoring of blood levels of calcium and parathyroid hormone, as well as medical support for adequate supply of vitamin D.
COVID­19 and post-COVID syndrome in the focus of complications: recommendations for physicians
Authors: Gridnyev O. E. , Fadieienko G. D.
Published: June 2022

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Features of liver injury related to COVID-19
Authors: Yasnytska E. H. , Kharchenko V. V.
Published: June 2022

Objective — to study the character of liver function tests’ changes in patients with COVID — 19, assess the rate of their onset, their clinical and laboratory manifestations and degree of COVID‑19 effects on the liver function with the purpose to implement treatment and preventive measures.

Materials and methods. The study included 120 medical records of inpatients with COVID‑19, hospitalized in the departments of Clinical Hospital № 8, reprofiled to the infectious wards in the period between November 2020 and April 2021. The most patients were aged 60 — 69 years (41.7 %) and older than 70 years (25.0 %), the minor portion was younger than 40 years (1.7 %); women prevailed (65.0 %).

Results. The increased hepatic transaminases levels were revealed in 52 % of patients, and total bilirubin (especially indirect) was raised in 15 %. Higher transaminases levels, severe course of coronaviral disease and unfavorable prognosis were more common in male patients. Frequency of SARS‑CoV‑2 — associated liver injury with minimal grade of activity of liver transaminases prevailed in women older than 60 years and men aged 50 to 69 years. COVID‑19‑associated hepatitis with moderate activity was observed in women aged 50 — 69 years and men of working age (40 — 49 years) and elderly (> 70 years) patients, high degree of transaminases’ activity against COVID‑19 background was registered only in men aged 40 — 59 years with moderate to severe COVID‑19 course. Lethal outcomes due to severe pulmonary injury were registered in 19 patients with severe COVID‑19 course; they also had liver dysfunction. From them, 11 had diagnosed liver steatosis before COVID‑19. The most part of deсeased due to COVID‑19 were older than 60 years and had a history of comorbidities (type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary heart disease, non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver cirrhosis and 2 — 3 grade obesity).

Conclusions. Hepatic impairment occurred in 52 % of inpatients with COVID‑19. All patients with moderate course of coronaviral disease demonstrated positive dynamics of transaminases and bilirubin levels and favorable prognosis after hospitalization due to COVID‑19. Most of them hadn’t had liver injuries before coronaviral disease and six patients had been diagnosed with liver diseases before COVID‑19. No cases of fatal liver failure were registered. After in‑hospital treatment, the transaminases levels were lower in patients, who hadn’t had history of liver diseases before COVID‑19 and received hepatoprotective drugs. Treatment with glutathione and ursodeoxycholic acid was confirmed as the most effective therapy in patients with coronaviral disease.
The Role of Ombudsman in the Protection of Human Rights in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors:   University of Bahrain, Kingdom of Bahrain, Rub Arbab Mohammed Abdul
Published: June 2022

The evolution of the institution of Ombudsman in retrospect shows that changes in the western system of administration from time to time and the recognition of various new kinds of rights and interests by the States at the national and international levels called for the introduction of Ombudsman as an addendum to the system of administration of justice. Because of fundamental changes in the system of government Ombudsman came to perform distinct functions at different times such as investigation, mediation, dispute resolution etc. And this was done in relation to various sectors of society such as business, education, health, transport, and commercial undertakings. In major legal systems it has come to play a significant role in human rights. The Kingdom of Bahrain also has established in its administrative system the machinery of Ombudsman for the protection of the Human Rights of the individuals.
FABRICATION OF SAWDUST BRIQUETTES USING LOCAL BANANA PULP AS A BINDER
Authors: Nyathi Lindrose , Charis Gratitude , Chigondo Marko , Maposa Munashe , Nyadenga Delroy , Nyenyayi Knowledge
Published: June 2022

Sawdust is generated in large quantities in sawmills in Manicaland province in Zimbabwe, posing an environmental threat if incinerated or left to accumulate. This presents an opportunity for valorising the waste into briquettes. To make the briquettes cost effective, a cheap and locally available binder is needed. Hence, the use of banana waste pulp (green banana, ripe banana, pseudo-stem pith and fruit-bunch-stem) as a sawdust briquettes binder was investigated in this study. The quality of fabricated briquettes was evaluated based on relative density, shatter index, ignition time, burning rate, and time taken to boil a constant amount of water. The briquettes showed improved qualities with the increase in binder ratios. The sawdust-binder ratio of 1:4 showed the best briquettes qualities. Factor rating method was done in order to obtain the best scored (scale 0-100) briquettes reflecting weightier factors (scale 0-1). The weightiest factors were time taken to boil water (0.25) and shatter index (0.25), with three other factors weighing 0.5. The best five binder formulations in their order were; banana-pseudo stem-pith (pith) and ripe banana (RB) in the ratio of 3:1 respectively (score weight of 68.75), fruit-bunch-stem, banana-pseudo-stem-pith (pith), green banana (GB) and ripe banana (RB) in the ratio of 2:2:1:1 respectively (score weight of 68.3), banana-pseudo-stem-pith (pith), ripe banana (RB) and green banana (GB) 2:1:1 respectively (score weight of 66.95), banana-pseudo-stem-pith, ripe banana and green banana in the ratios of 2,5:1,5:1 respectively (score weight of 66.05) and banana-pseudo-stem-pith and ripe banana in the ratios of 1:1 (score weight 65.55).
SOLID MEDICAL HOSPITAL WASTE IN TIMES OF CORONA : INCREASED VOLUME BUT NO INCREASED BIOHAZARD RISK
Authors: Fraeyman Norbert , Van Braeckel Eva , Verhasselt Bruno , De Waegemaecker Pascal , Mahnik Susanne , Hoffmann Marc , Gemmel Paul , Eeckloo Kristof , Mortier Eric
Published: June 2022

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical waste EWC/EURAL code 180103* (infectious medical waste) and 180104 (non-infectious medical waste) was investigated in 6 university hospitals and 6 general hospitals. Data on the number of in-hospital patients and on quantity and volume of waste were obtained during 2019 (control period) and in 2020 up to March 2021 (COVID-19 period) for the hospitals, from the waste managing company, and from the regional destruction facility. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 on the surface of waste recipients was analyzed using RT-PCR. We found that the effect of the pandemic on the total weight of waste is limited during the first wave (March 2020), while during the second wave, the quantity of waste type 180103* increased. The main effect is a nearly doubling of the volume of waste during both waves caused by the use of cardboard hospital boxes with a yellow inner plastic bag. We demonstrated that the average weight of these cardboard boxes generated for the treatment of COVID-19 patients is significantly lower compared to the weight of the waste from non-COVID-19 patients. COVID-19-related health care activities caused a weight increase of the 180103* waste from historical data (0.2-1.4 kg/day/bed) up to 5-8 kg/day/bed. RT-PCR analysis of swabs demonstrated the absence of viral RNA on personal protection materials and on the surface of recipients containing the waste. We conclude that COVID-19-related hospital waste is predominantly of the EWC 180104 type.
Contribución al conocimiento de la flora vascular de alta montaña de la Sierra de Ambato (Catamarca, Argentina)
Authors: Demaio Pablo , Reinoso Franchino Gabriel , Palanca Edgardo Italo , Arellano Oscar Alfonso
Published: June 2022

Introducción y objetivos: Las sierras de Ambato son un cordón montañoso situado en la provincia de Catamarca, Argentina. Cuentan con unos 450 km2ocupados por comunidades vegetales de alta montaña, que no cuentan con estudios exhaustivos. Con el objetivo de contribuir al conocimiento de la diversidad vegetal de estos ambientes, se presenta un listado de plantas vasculares actualizado y se discuten sus posibles conexiones biogeográficas.
M&M: Se realizaron cuatro expediciones al área de estudio. Se colectaron ejemplares desde los 3000 msnm hasta la cumbre. El material se identificó siguiendo los procedimientos convencionales y permanece depositado en el Herbario de la Universidad Nacional de Catamarca (UNCAT). Se consideró la información florística ya publicada de la zona y la disponible on line para completar el listado. 
Resultados & Conclusiones: Se colectaron 687 ejemplares de herbario. De la combinación de la información obtenida en las expediciones, la revisión bibliográfica y bases de datos on line se obtuvo un listado de 260 especies para el piso altitudinal relevado, correspondientes a 138 géneros y 50 familias. Se incluyen 2 nuevos registros para la flora de Catamarca y 15 nuevos registros para el área de estudio. Los datos hacen suponer que el área, al igual que las cumbres de otros cordones similares de las Sierras Pampeanas, debería incluirse en las provincias fitogeográficas puneña y altoandina. Las comunidades vegetales de alta montaña de Sudamérica tropical y subtropical son vulnerables al aumento de la temperatura media global, lo que justifica la importancia del registro y monitoreo permanente de su diversidad.
Cenchrus (Poaceae) ornamentales en Argentina: ¿De cultivados a invasores?
Authors: Carbone Lucas M. , Chiapero Ana Laura , Gutierrez Hugo F. , Chiapella Jorge O.
Published: June 2022

Introducción y objetivos: La introducción de plantas exóticas para uso ornamental representa un riesgo de invasión para los ecosistemas. Cenchrus advena, C. longisetus y C. setaceus son gramíneas introducidas como ornamentales y altamente cultivadas en el centro-norte de Argentina, aunque se desconoce su estado en el proceso de invasión. En este trabajo se registra la presencia de estas tres especies, se actualiza su taxonomía, nomenclatura y morfología. Además, se presentan mapas de presencia y una clave para diferenciarlas de sus congéneres, tanto nativas como exóticas. Se analiza el estado de invasión y se discuten recomendaciones de manejo.
M&M: Se estudiaron ejemplares de herbario, nuevas poblaciones de plantas cultivadas y naturalizadas y se recopiló información de bases de datos digitales de acceso abierto. 
Resultados: Se encontraron 158 registros de las tres especies distribuidos en 11 provincias, que permitieron citar por primera vez a C. setaceus para la Flora Argentina. Se halló una alta proporción de registros naturalizados de C. setaceus y C. longisetus. Ambas especies presentaron individuos establecidos en ambientes naturales disturbados de Córdoba, iniciando su propagación como invasoras. Cenchrus advena fue únicamente hallada bajo cultivo.
Conclusiones: El comportamiento invasor de los pastos C. longisetus y C. setaceus hallado en Córdoba podría estar replicándose en otras provincias debido al elevado nivel de cultivo y a la susceptibilidad ambiental. Por ende, es urgente frenar su cultivo, monitorear las poblaciones naturalizadas e invasoras y reemplazar su cultivo por especies nativas en el marco de objetivos sustentables y reglamentaciones vigentes.
The Dichotomy of Political Economy of Socialism in the 1960s and 1970s: Between Plan and the Market
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the RAS, VOEYKOV M. I.
Published: June 2022

The study continues the discussion opened in this journal by R. M. Nureev and P. A. Orekhovsky (2021, No. 2) about the development of the political economy of socialism in the 1960s and 1970s in the USSR. Soviet economists of this period were highly aware of the imminent changes in the country’s economy and especially of the need for a transition from the mobilization economy to a more normal economic cycle based on the broader use of commodity-money relations and market relations. These questions were at the centre of the debates between the proponents of economic planning and advocates of the «natural» market system: the latter school of thought consisted of researchers from the Institute of Economics of the Academy of Sciencies and was led by Yakov Kronrod and the former were members of the Department of Political Economy of the Moscow State University led by Nikolai Tsagolov. This debate helped formulate the key principles of market economy and cast doubt on the feasibility of many Soviet ideological formulae and cliches. The discussion was put to an end by the administrative interference when the Central Committee of the Communist Party issued a decree in 1971, which led to the reorganization of the Institute of Economics. Thus, the school that supported economic planning won and the development of a rudimentary market economy was suppressed. As a result of this debate, however, the key concepts and mechanisms of the transition from the centrally planned to market economy (which happened two decades later) were formulated. In the post-Soviet period, the speed of the transition to the market economy and the inadequacy of the economic reforms caused significant damage to the country’s economic system. Until the collapse of the USSR, the proponents of the market economy had continued to defend its advantages over the planned economy but did not support the idea of a market society. Although the political economy played a crucial role in the intellectual history of Russia, in the post-Soviet period, it largely lost its former significance.
The Golden Ratio in Marriage Markets: the Allocation of Time in the Patriarchal and Modern Family
Authors:   Pierre Mendès-France University, MALAKHOV S. V.
Published: June 2022

The paper seeks to uncover the roots of different time allocation patterns in the preindustrial and modern family. It analyzes the model of the preindustrial family where the hunter and the housewife share the quarry and leisure. The husband allocates his time between hunting, men’s house work, and leisure while the wife allocates her time between women’s house work, a part of men’s house work, and leisure. When the partners’ unit attractiveness is unequal, the more attractive spouse gets extra leisure time. When the unit attractiveness of the husband and wife is equal, they spend all leisure time together. As a result, their allocation of time is determined by the golden ratio, which equalizes their total attractiveness or gravitation fields. The hunter and the housewife spend some time on house work together, but their total leisure time slightly exceeds six hours and a half. This result corresponds to the field studies of natural sleep in African and Latin American pre-industrial societies and to the historical analysis of the sleeping habits before the industrial revolution. Adherence to the golden ratio principle produces a model of ideal family. This model discovers the difference in the allocation of time in the patriarchal and modern family. The correspondence between the mathematical model and the existing research evidence leads us to the assumption that in preindustrial societies the family was seen as a means of survival. Today the family and family-based division of labor have lost their original economic meaning. The model of ideal family shows that additional leisure time results from the social limits on work time; this additional leisure exceeds the need in survival and meets increasing wants.