bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phase I/II Trial of Dose-Reduced Capecitabine in Elderly Patients with Advanced Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Vincent M.D. , Breadner D. , Cripps M.C. , Jonker D.J. , Klimo P. , Biagi J.J. , Lam W. , O’Connell A. , Whiston F. , Stitt L. , Welch S.A.
Published: September 2017

Background: Combination chemotherapy is associated with improved outcomes in trials of selected fit patients with advanced colorectal cancer (aCRC). For older or less-fit patients, combination chemotherapy is associated with greater toxicity and less benefit. Capecitabine monotherapy is a reasonable option for those patients, but the optimal dose remains controversial. Methods: A multicentre phase I/II trial of reduced-dose capecitabine (2000 mg/m2, days 1–14 every 21 days) was conducted in 221 patients representing one or more of the following subsets: age greater than 65 years (n = 167), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 1 or greater (n = 139), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (n = 105), or prior pelvic radiation (n = 54). Based on phase I results, patients with prior pelvic radiation received capecitabine 750 mg/m2 twice daily. The goal was to ascertain efficacy in a design that was unlikely to cause high levels of toxicity. Results: Median age in the patient cohort was 72 years. A median of 5 and a mean of 8 capecitabine cycles were given (range: 0–50 cycles). Grade 3 or 4 toxicity occurred in 25% of patients during the first 3 cycles (8.1% hand–foot syndrome, 7.7% diarrhea). The response rate was 13.6%, with a 69.7% disease control rate. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.6 months. Post progression, 56 patients received further capecitabine monotherapy (median of 4 additional cycles). Median overall survival duration for the patients was 14.3 months. Median survival was significantly higher for those who, at baseline, had an ECOG performance status of 0 (compared with 1 or more) and normal LDH (compared with elevated LDH). Conclusions: Toxicity is less with dose-reduced capecitabine than with historical full-dose capecitabine, with only a small trade-off in efficacy, seen as a lower objective response rate. The improved tolerability could lead to an increased number of cycles of therapy, and PFS appears to be consistently higher at the lower dose. Those observations should, in the absence of a head-to-head clinical trial, be viewed as compelling evidence that 1000 mg/m2, or even 750 mg/m2, twice daily is an appropriate dose in elderly or frail patients with aCRC.
Lymph Node Retrieval Rates in Melanoma: A Quality Assessment Parameter
Authors: Berger-Richardson D. , Cordeiro E. , Ernjakovic M. , Easson A.M.
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Regional lymph node dissection (RLND) for melanoma with nodal metastasis is a specialized procedure that is associated with improved disease-specific survival in selected patients. Furthermore, there is evidence that a higher lymph node retrieval rate (LNRR) is associated with improved local control. Currently, no consensus has been reached on the definition of an adequate LNRR. A minimum LNRR has been proposed as a quality assessment parameter that has to be validated. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (University Health Network, Toronto, ON). The LNRRS for all patients who underwent RLND for malignant cutaneous melanoma during 2000–2010 were recorded. Indications for RLND were a positive sentinel lymph node biopsy or clinical lymphadenopathy (palpable or radiologically detected). Results: Of the 207 identified RLNDS, 146 (70.5%) were subsequent to a positive sentinel lymph node biopsy, and 61 (29.5%) were performed for clinical lymphadenopathy. The median LNRR was 24 nodes (range: 9–47 nodes; 10th percentile: 14 nodes) for axillary RLND, 12 nodes (range: 5–30 nodes; 10th percentile: 8 nodes) for inguinal RLND, and 16 nodes (range: 10–21 nodes; 10th percentile: 11 nodes) for ilioinguinal RLND. The results were similar when comparing patients with positive sentinel lymph nodes and those with clinical lymphadenopathy, and the same surgical techniques were used in both groups. Conclusions: The LNRRS at our institution are similar to rates reported at other tertiary-care melanoma centres. A minimum acceptable LNRR can be considered a quality assessment parameter in the surgical management of melanoma with nodal metastasis.
When the Patient Is Also a Carer
Authors: Warner E.
Published: September 2017

When I first went into practice, my preferred referral was a patient under age 50 with a potentially curable malignancy [...]
ASCO 2017 Meeting Summary: Updates to Practice-Changing Studies in Untreated Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Laneuville P. , Larouche J.F. , Tosikyan A. , Christofides A.
Published: September 2017

The 2017 annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology took place in Chicago, Illinois, 2–6 June. At the meeting, results from key studies in the first-line treatment of indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (iNHL) were presented. Of those studies, two were selected for oral presentations: 9-year follow-up data from the STiL NHL1 trial, which compared the efficacy and safety of bendamustine plus rituximab (BR) with those of rituximab plus cyclophosphamide–vincristine–prednisone–doxorubicin (R-CHOP); and 5-year follow-up data from the bright study, which compared BR with R-CHOP and R-CVP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide–vincristine–prednisone) combined. Our meeting report describes the foregoing studies and includes interviews with key investigators, plus commentaries from three Quebec hematologists on the potential effects for Canadian practice.
Hot-start Giant Planets Form with Radiative Interiors
Authors: Berardo David , Cumming Andrew
Published: September 2017

In the hot-start core accretion formation model for gas giants, the interior of a planet is usually assumed to be fully convective. By calculating the detailed internal evolution of a planet assuming hot-start outer boundary conditions, we show that such a planet will in fact form with a radially increasing internal entropy profile, so that its interior will be radiative instead of convective. For a hot outer boundary, there is a minimum value for the entropy of the internal adiabat S
min below which the accreting envelope does not match smoothly onto the interior, but instead deposits high entropy material onto the growing interior. One implication of this would be to at least temporarily halt the mixing of heavy elements within the planet, which are deposited by planetesimals accreted during formation. The compositional gradient this would impose could subsequently disrupt convection during post-accretion cooling, which would alter the observed cooling curve of the planet. However, even with a homogeneous composition, for which convection develops as the planet cools, the difference in cooling timescale will change the inferred mass of directly imaged gas giants.
Observational Evidence of a Flux Rope within a Sunspot Umbra
Authors: Guglielmino Salvo L. , Romano Paolo , Zuccarello Francesca
Published: September 2017

We observed an elongated filamentary bright structure inside the umbra of the big sunspot in active region NOAA 12529, which differs from the light bridges usually observed in sunspots for its morphology, magnetic configuration, and velocity field. We used observations taken with the Solar Dynamic Observatory satellite to characterize this feature. Its lifetime is 5 days, during which it reaches a maximum length of about 30″. In the maps of the vertical component of the photospheric magnetic field, a portion of the feature has a polarity opposite to that of the hosting sunspot. At the same time, in the entire feature the horizontal component of the magnetic field is about 2000 G, substantially stronger than in the surrounding penumbral filaments. Doppler velocity maps reveal the presence of both upward and downward plasma motions along the structure at the photospheric level. Moreover, looking at the chromospheric level, we noted that it is located in a region corresponding to the edge of a small filament that seems rooted in the sunspot umbra. Therefore, we interpreted the bright structure as the photospheric counterpart of a flux rope touching the sunspot and giving rise to penumbral-like filaments in the umbra.
The genus Alvania (Gastropoda: Rissoidae) along the Turkish Aegean coast with the description of a new species
Authors: Bitlis Banu , Öztürk Bilal
Published: September 2017

This study deals with the distribution of the species of the genus Alvania along the Turkish Aegean coast. The investigated material was collected from different habitats (soft and hard bottoms, and macrophyte beds) at a depth range of 0-875 m, at 39 stations along the Aegean coast of Turkey between 1995 and 2014. Among the analysed benthic material, 537 living specimens and 249 empty shells belonging to 20 species of the genus Alvania were obtained. Alvania marmarisensis is described as a new species. Alvania hispidula was recorded for the first time from the Turkish Aegean coast. Alvania mamillata was found to be the most widely distributed species in the study area, while Alvania colossophilus was the rarest one. Alvania cimicoides and Alvania testae were found in the deepest samples (between 93 and 875 m). Certain taxonomic and ecological characteristics of the identified species, along with photographs, are also provided.
Transport pathways of decapod larvae under intense mesoscale activity in the Canary-African coastal transition zone: implications for population connectivity
Authors: Landeira José M. , Brochier Timothée , Mason Evan , Lozano-Soldevilla Fernando , Hernández-León Santiago , Barton Eric D.
Published: September 2017

We investigate the transport dynamics of decapod larvae in the Canary-African coastal transition zone (C-ACTZ), where larval assemblages are poorly known. In August 1999, during the FAX99 cruise, the waters downstream of the Canary Island archipelago displayed intense mesoscale activity, with numerous cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies as well as upwelling filaments. Our results illustrate a close relationship between these mesoscale oceanographic structures and the distribution of decapod larvae, using both field observations and Lagrangian transport modelling. Analysis of plankton samples shows that larvae of pelagic species were excluded from filament waters, whereas larvae of neritic species were heterogeneously distributed, suggesting that the C-ACTZ is a mixing area where larvae originating from both the Canary Islands and the African coast may be present at the same time. This finding was supported by the simulations, which suggested that the larvae collected in the offshore waters south of Gran Canaria came mainly from the African population (between Cape Bojador and Cape Juby) during early August, whereas during the second half of August the targeted area was dominated by larvae released from Fuerteventura populations. Our observations introduce new insights into our understanding of marine population connectivity, the dispersal pathways of the terrestrial biota, and general biogeography in the region.
The SPOC manual Chapter 3.1 BILMAT computer program
Authors: Hodouin D , Flament F , Laguitton D , Poirier R , Wilson J , Everell M
D
Published: September 2017

Material balance computations for connplex ore and coal flowsheets are based on large experinnental data sets and require a computer. The BILMAT program has been developed to solve such complex problems and compute a sensitivity analysis of the estimated process
variables. This user's guide has been written for two main types of users: the process engineer who wants to access it as a blackbox to compute his material balances and the research engineer interested in the method and the program itself. The FORTRAN routines are fully documented and two sample
runs are presented. The source programs are available on tape or diskettes from CANMET
The SPOC manual Chapter 7.2 FINDBS computer program
Authors: Laguitton D , Leung J , Gupta V K , Hodouin D , Spring R , Flament F
Published: September 2017

This manual describes the various procedures involved in the development of a ball-mill simulator. The major task is the estimation of the breakage rate and distribution parameters which are central to the model. That is why the bulk of this volume is devoted to
describing the methods, mathematics and computer programs used to calculate model parameters. Section 1 outlines the general structure of the kinetic ball-mill model. Section 2 focuses on the laboratory tests and computation techniques required to estimate the breakage distribution and rate
parameters. Finally, Section 3 illustrates the methods using data from an operating industrial mill. The computer programs are interactive and fully documented and can therefore be used without a detailed knowledge of the principles. However, it must be emphasized that a correct interpretation of
the results depends on a thorough understanding of the kinetic model. For that reason, program users should at least read Section 1 describing the basis of the method. Further explanations and analysis appear in the remaining sections; the mathematics have been detailed in the appendices. The
program structure should allow easy modifications.
The SPOC manual Chapter 8 utility programs
Authors: Laguitton D , Leung J , Pilgrim R
Published: September 2017

This chapter contains sample runs of several programs that were developed during the course of the SPOC project either for mineral processing laboratory calculations (metallurgical recoveries, particle size distribution tabulation, Bond work index formula, non-SI
to SI physical units conversion, etc.) or for graphic data display (x-y plots, flowsheet drawing, etc.)
Selected theoretical and practical aspects of studies made in conjunction with the joint Canada/frg research project on coarse-slurry, short-distance pipelining
Authors: Geller L B , Gray W M
Published: September 2017

This report is part of the contribution by the Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy.Technology (CANMET) under a Memorandum of Understanding on Scientific and TechnicalCooperation signed in 1984 by Canada and the Federal Republic of Germany. The model proposed by
K.C. Wilson for coarse-slurry pipelining is central to the work reported on. A study of some aspects of the model, including its connection with theformulae of Durand and of Newitt et al., concludes that the model should be treated as anevv formulation for the empirical correlation of data.
Difficulties involved in consideringthe parameters of the model as physical properties are discussed. OComparative calculations relating to the Wilson model illustrate the equivalenceof two different systems of equations for the model, presented by K.C. Wilson and by 0 C.A. Shook, under the same
basic assumptions. A connected study elucidates a difference between the treatments by K.C. Wilson and by L.L. Eyler et al. of the interfacial frictionfactor in the model. It is also shown that a correct solution of the equations of the modelis highly sensitive to the value of the interfacial
friction factor, although the value of thehydraulic gradient is not. A simple means is given for fitting Wilson's parameter (to a setof data, if all other parameters are known. A plan for data accumulation, based on dimensional analysis, is proposed. An introduction to dimensional analysis for
slurry flow in pipes is appended. The results of short studies of some theoretical and practical topics encountered inthe literature relating to the Wilson model are presented.
Index of rock mechanics research reports: CANMET/mining research laboratories, 1964-1984
Authors: Hedley D G H , Udd J E
Published: September 2017

A total of 251 reports on underground hard-rock mining, prepared by staff of the Mining Research Laboratories during the period from 1964 to 1984, are listed. The bibliography is organized into eleven subject categories ranging from rock testing and
classification, through modelling, mining methods and bulk mining, to rockbursts and seismicity. Within each category the reports are listed in chronological order.
Canadian coal preparation process-control research and development directions
Authors: Salama A I A
Published: September 2017

An industry viewpoint and feedback on CANMET programs (current and planned) in coal preparation process control are presented. Results of an industry-wide survey and commentary on recent and/or continuing operational problems in process control are also detailed.
Responses are summarized and analyzed to identify industry requirements and to consolidate directions for process-control R&D at the Coal Research Laboratory (CRL). Industry requirements, as well as the medium- and long-range plans of CRL in process control, can be fulfilled by implementing
a step-by-step strategy, the pace of which is dependent upon the availability of resources. R&D priorities are guided by the results of the survey. The availability and/or development of on-line ash and/or sulphur monitors can be addressed by the preparation of a state-of-the-art report and
by the establishment of a joint program between CANMET, Atomic Energy Canada, and industry to evaluate and develop these monitors.
The effects of carbonates on the acid/base dissociation equilibria of oil sands tailings pond water organic species
Authors: Angle C W , Hewgill R
Published: September 2017

The dibasic properties of the pond or supernatant waters from the tailings ponds of an oil sands processing operation have been investigated. The carbonate/bicarbonate buffer system which has developed during and after processing was shown in previous studies to
promote dispersion of the clays. A method of eliminating this buffer system was tested. From the results, the above buffer system was shown to dominate the surface and water chemistries of the system. Distinguishing the direct responses of the soluble organic species in the system using
potentiometry was difficult in this buffered system. Results showed that the pKa of organic and inorganic were coincidental. Elimination of this buffer is possible and leads to a method of investigation of the effects of the soluble organic species alone. Other experiments on the surface chemistry
and rheology of a carbonate/bicarbonate depleted system will be pursued.
Retrieval of tropospheric NO2 columns over Berlin from high-resolution airborne observations with the spectrolite breadboard instrument
Authors: Vlemmix Tim , Ge Xinrui (Jerry) , de Goeij Bryan T. G. , van der Wal Len F. , Otter Gerard C. J. , Stammes Piet , Wang Ping , Merlaud Alexis , Schüttemeyer Dirk , Meier Andreas C. , Veefkind J. Pepijn , Levelt Pieternel F.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. This paper presents the retrieval method that was developed to derive tropospheric NO2 columns from UV/VIS spectral measurements obtained with the Spectrolite Breadboard Instrument during the AROMAPEX campaign in Berlin (April 2016). A typical DOAS retrieval approach is followed. For the calculation of air mass factors this study specifically focuses on the impact of the surface reflectance, which varies considerably from pixel to pixel over this urban region. Ground-based aerosol optical thickness measurements are used as prior information. It is shown that retrieved surface reflectance shows good agreement with those derived from Landsat 8 measurements performed on the same day. Furthermore we demonstrate that tropospheric NO2 columns retrieved for pairs of adjacent pixels are self-consistent in the sense that they do not show a substantial systematic dependence on surface reflectance, in contrast to differential slant column densities. Also some cases are identified to illustrate this on a pixel-by-pixel level. An error budget is provided to quantify the impact of various assumptions on the accuracy of the retrieval of surface reflectance and tropospheric NO2 columns. Both in the morning and afternoon flight a NO2 plume is observed stretching out over Berlin from West to East. Peak values between 15 × 1015 and 20 × 1015 molec/cm2 are detected, whereas – at much lower spatial resolution – OMI detects peak values between 9 × 1015 (first overpass) and 4 × 1015 molec/cm2 (second overpass).
Modelled estimates of spatial variability of iron stress in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean
Authors: Ryan-Keogh Thomas J. , Thomalla Sandy J. , Mtshali Thato N. , Little Hazel
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean is characterized by markedly different frontal zones with specific seasonal and sub-seasonal dynamics. Demonstrated here is the effect of iron on the potential maximum productivity rates of the phytoplankton community. A series of iron addition productivity versus irradiance (PE) experiments utilizing a unique experimental design that allowed for 24 h incubations were performed within the austral summer of 2015/16 to determine the photosynthetic parameters αB, PBmax and Ek. Mean values for each photosynthetic parameter under iron-replete conditions were 1.46 ± 0.55 (µg (µg Chl a)−1 h−1 (µM photons m−2 s−1)−1) for αB, 72.55 ± 27.97 (µg (µg Chl a)−1 h−1) for PBmax and 50.84 ± 11.89 (µM photons m−2 s−1) for Ek, whereas mean values under the control conditions were 1.25 ± 0.92 (µg (µg Chl a)−1 h−1 (µM photons m−2 s−1)−1) for αB, 62.44 ± 36.96 (µg (µg Chl a)−1 h−1) for PBmax and 55.81 ± 19.60 (µM photons m−2 s−1) for Ek. There were no clear spatial patterns in either the absolute values or the absolute differences between the treatments at the experimental locations. When these parameters are integrated into a standard depth-integrated primary production model across a latitudinal transect, the effect of iron addition shows higher levels of primary production south of 50° S, with very little difference observed in the subantarctic and polar frontal zone. These results emphasize the need for better parameterization of photosynthetic parameters in biogeochemical models around sensitivities in their response to iron supply. Future biogeochemical models will need to consider the combined and individual effects of iron and light to better resolve the natural background in primary production and predict its response under a changing climate.
Effect of unrepresented model errors on estimated soil hydraulic material properties
Authors: Jaumann Stefan , Roth Kurt
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Unrepresented model errors influence the estimation of effective soil hydraulic material properties. As the required model complexity for a consistent description of the measurement data is application dependent and unknown a priori, we implemented a structural error analysis based on the inversion of increasingly complex models. We show that the method can indicate unrepresented model errors and quantify their effects on the resulting material properties. To this end, a complicated 2-D subsurface architecture (ASSESS) was forced with a fluctuating groundwater table while time domain reflectometry (TDR) and hydraulic potential measurement devices monitored the hydraulic state. In this work, we analyze the quantitative effect of unrepresented (i) sensor position uncertainty, (ii) small scale-heterogeneity, and (iii) 2-D flow phenomena on estimated soil hydraulic material properties with a 1-D and a 2-D study. The results of these studies demonstrate three main points: (i) the fewer sensors are available per material, the larger is the effect of unrepresented model errors on the resulting material properties. (ii) The 1-D study yields biased parameters due to unrepresented lateral flow. (iii) Representing and estimating sensor positions as well as small-scale heterogeneity decreased the mean absolute error of the volumetric water content data by more than a factor of 2 to 0. 004.
Reforming Defences to Homicide in Victoria: Another Attempt to Address the Gender Question
Authors: Naylor Bronwyn , Tyson Danielle
Published: September 2017

In 2005 in the Australian state of Victoria, significant changes were made to the defences to homicide. These reforms were in response to long standing concerns about the gendered operation of provocation and self-defence by feminist researchers and advocates, Law Reform Commissions, the media and political pressures. This paper critically examines the reforms and the extent to which they have addressed these varied concerns and interests. The paper argues that these important law reforms have challenged some of the powerful narratives being used in the courts that minimise the existence and significance of family violence in intimate relationships. We see this particularly in judicial sentencing remarks. However, law reform must be accompanied by a shift in legal culture to be effective in practice. To this end, we argue that legal professionals need to have information about how to utilise the new family violence provisions as well as ongoing training and professional development to promote consistent understandings of family violence across the criminal justice system.
Judicial Responses to Alcohol-Fuelled Public Violence: The Loveridge Effect
Authors: Quilter Julia
Published: September 2017

After the death of Thomas Kelly (2012) and Daniel Christie (2013) in Sydney, New South Wales (NSW), there was widespread discussion and concern over the problem of so-called one punch alcohol-fuelled violence. A ‘centre-piece’ of the NSW Government’s response was the enactment, in January 2014, of what is known colloquially as the ‘One Punch Law’: the Crimes and Other Legislation Amendment (Assault and Intoxication) Act 2014 (NSW), which includes a mandatory minimum sentence for assault causing death whilst intoxicated. This paper analyses the judicial response to one punch alcohol-fuelled violence, with a focus on the effect of the decision in R v Loveridge [2014] NSWCCA 120. I show that the judiciary has rejected the existence of a discrete category of ‘one punch’ manslaughters and, instead, has defined a category of alcohol-fuelled public violence for which there is a strong need for general deterrence. Based on an analysis of cases handed down since the NSW Court of Criminal Appeal’s 2014 decision, I show that the ‘Loveridge effect’ has been to significantly increase sentences in such matters.
‘Zero Tolerance’ Drug Driving Laws in Australia: A Gap Between Rationale and Form?
Authors: Quilter Julia , McNamara Luke
Published: September 2017

Legislation in all Australian states and territories creates offences and provides for police roadside testing in relation to ‘drug driving’. Ostensibly motivated by the same road safety objectives and impairment paradigm as drink driving laws, drug driving laws adopt a significantly different approach. Whereas random breath testing tests for all forms of alcohol and is designed to determine whether there is a sufficient concentration of alcohol in the driver’s body that s/he should be deemed to be impaired, random drug testing typically tests for the presence of any quantity of only the three most widely used illicit drugs—cannabis, methamphetamine and ecstasy—in the driver’s oral fluids, without reference to what is known about the different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic qualities of different drugs. This article examines this idiosyncratic approach to the criminalisation of drug driving, highlighting its weak correlation with the important road safety objective of deterring substance-impaired driving, and the risks of both over- and under-criminalisation that it creates. It argues that public policy on the prohibition of certain drugs and the criminalisation of their use should be disentangled from public policy on impaired driving. It recommends that drug driving laws in all Australian jurisdictions should be brought back into line with drink driving laws, via legislation and testing practices that turn on substance-specific prescribed concentrations for all drugs (illicit and licit) that have the potential to impair drivers.
‘The Very Foundations of Any System of Criminal Justice’: Criminal Responsibility in the Australian Model Criminal Code
Authors: Loughnan Arlie
Published: September 2017

The Model Criminal Code (MCC) was intended to be a Code for all Australian jurisdictions. It represents a high point of faith in the value and possibility of systematising, rationalising and modernising criminal law. The core of the MCC is Chapter 2, the ‘general principles of criminal responsibility’, which outlines the ‘physical’ and ‘fault’ elements of criminal offences, and defines concepts such as recklessness. This paper assesses the MCC as a criminal law reform project and explores questions of how the MCC came into being, and why it took shape in certain ways at a particular point in time. The paper tackles these questions from two different perspectives—‘external’ and ‘internal’ (looking at the MCC from the ‘outside’ and the ‘inside’). I make two main arguments. First, I argue that, driven by a ‘top down’ law reform process, the MCC came into being at a time when changes in crime and criminal justice were occurring, and that it may be understood as an attempt to achieve stability in a time of change. Second, I argue that the significance of the principles of criminal responsibility, which formed the central pivot of the MCC, lies on the conceptual level—in relation to the language through which the criminal law is thought about, organised and reformed.
Stylistic Processes of Meaning-Making: An Analysis of Selected Newspaper Headlines of 20 May 2017 Celebration in Cameroon
Authors: Fomukong SEINO Evangeline Agwa
Published: September 2017

Stylisticians analyse the style of language by looking systematically at the formal features of a text, and determining their functional significance for the interpretation of the text in question. Texts can be classified as either literary or non-literary. In looking at texts, this study has examined the power headlines wield in the discourse of the 20 May 2017 representation in three newspapers in Cameroon. It has presented a coherent system of meanings, historically located, supporting institutions, reproducing power relations and having ideological effects, portraying the relationship between the context and interpretation to make meaning. For the headlines to raise interest and arouse the reader, they must draw power from the common ground which is the shared culture and political context. The study uses as conceptual framework Fairclough’s analytical elements in the process of meaning-making, which are production of the text, the text itself and the reception of the text, bringing out the ideologies of contrast, negativity and positivity. The analysis concludes that news makers tilt their use of linguistic choice towards the ideas they want to implant on their audience, and at times manifest exaggeration and therefore misrepresentation in reporting an event.
An Original Valveless Artificial Heart Providing Pulsatile Flow Tested in Mock Circulatory Loops
Authors: Tozzi Piergiorgio , Maertens Audrey , Emery Jonathan , Joseph Samuel , Kirsch Matthias , Avellan François
Published: September 2017

Purpose

We present the test bench results of a valveless total artificial heart that is potentially compatible with the pediatric population.

Methods

The RollingHeart is a valveless volumetric pump generating pulsatile flow. It consists of a single spherical cavity divided into 4 chambers by 2 rotating disks. The combined rotations of both disks produce changes in the volumes of the 4 cavities (suction and ejection). The blood enters/exits the spherical cavity through 4 openings that are symmetrical to the fixed rotation axis of the first disk. Mock circulatory system: The device pumps a 37% glycerin solution through 2 parallel circuits, simulating the pulmonary and systemic circulations. Flow rates are acquired with a magnetic inductive flowmeter, while pressure sensors collect pressure in the left and right outflow and inflow tracts. In vitro test protocol: The pump is run at speeds ranging from 20 to 180 ejections per minute. The waveform of the pressure generated at the inflow and outflow of the 4 chambers and the flow rate in the systemic circulation are measured.

Results

At an ejection rate of 178 min−1, the Rolling Heart pumps 5.3 L/min for a systemic maximal pressure gradient of 174 mmHg and a pulmonary maximal pressure gradient of 75 mmHg. The power input was 14 W, corresponding to an efficiency of 21%.

Conclusions

The Rolling Heart represents a new approach in the domain of total artificial heart. This preliminary study endorses the feasibility of a single valveless device acting as a total artificial heart.
Prognostic role of EZH2 in gliomas: a meta-analysis
Authors: Pyo Jung-Soo , Kang Dong-Wook
Published: September 2017

Background:

The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinicopathological significance of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) expression in gliomas, including its incidence and prognostic role. In addition, we investigated the concordance between immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction for determining the presence or absence of EZH2 in these tumors.

Methods:

The current meta-analysis included 1,049 gliomas with various WHO tumor grades from 12 eligible studies, which were analyzed for positivity of EZH2 and correlation between EZH2 expression and prognosis. Subgroup analyses were performed based on detection methods and WHO tumor grades.

Results:

We found the estimated positive rate of EZH2 in gliomas to be 0.663 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.549-0.761). There was no difference between immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction in determination of EZH2 positivity (0.706, 95% CI, 0.539-0.831 vs. 0.673, 95% CI, 0.472-0.825). The positive rate of EZH2 increased by increasing WHO tumor grade. EZH2 expression was significantly correlated with worse overall and progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.436, 95% CI, 1.350-4.393, and HR = 4.071, 95% CI, 1.325-12.508, respectively). The overall concordance rate between immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction was 0.885 (95% CI, 0.300-0.993).

Conclusions:

EZH2 positivity was significantly correlated with WHO tumor grade and worse prognosis in gliomas.
Is Clinical Practice Aligned with the Latest Scientific Evidence on GAG Therapy?
Authors: Janssen Dick A.W.
Published: September 2017

The role of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) as key components of the protective bladder barrier is well accepted. Replenishment of the GAG layer could restore the normal protective barrier function of the damaged bladder urothelium and re-establish normal permeability. A number of bladder diseases, including interstitial cystitis/ bladder pain syndrome, recurrent urinary tract infections, radiation cystitis, and other forms of cystitis may ben-efit from GAG therapy.
Bladder Pain: The Patient Perspective
Authors: Meijlink Jane M.
Published: September 2017

Patients with chronic pain, discomfort and other urinary symptoms related to bladder pain syndrome or urinary tract infections may experience severely diminished quality of life and psychological and social problems, including depression, anxiety, and a sense of helplessness and hopelessness. These patients require empathy, understanding and practical support to allow them to cope with their chronic bladder disorder.
El Patrimonio Cultural Edificado sin Rostro: Diagnóstico de Percepción Ciudadana, El Caso de San Pedro Sula
Authors: Figueroa Castillo Julio César
Published: September 2017

El propósito de la presente investigación, está centrado en la descripción de las percepciones y actitudes de los habitantes de San Pedro Sula, en relación con la pérdida de su patrimonio.Años de adoctrinamiento en el sistema educativo nacional para admirar la civilización maya del occidente y el legado de la colonia española convierten todo aquello perteneciente al siglo XX en algo normal o cotidiano y, por lo tanto, no digno de ningún orgullo y mucho menos, de esfuerzo en su preservación.Esta investigación se realizó mediante la recopilación bibliográfica, recorrido de campo, encuestas, entrevistas a profundidad; es la esperanza del autor que esta iniciativa genere un efecto multiplicador y que en toda la vieja “ruta del banano”, la de los puertos de Tela, Cortés, La Ceiba, Trujillo, en las antiguas estaciones ferroviarias de Potrerillos, Villanueva, Pimienta, Choloma, El Progreso, Olanchito, San Manuel, se despierte el deseo de proteger un legado visual que junto a la forma de ser, idiosincrasia de sus habitantes, música, gastronomía y tradición oral, forman parte de un país distinto al de teja, barro y maíz de los macizos montañosos del interior de la república, y que dicho espíritu sea celebrado en condiciones de igualdad con el legado colonial y precolombino.
Cultura Política de los Jóvenes Universitarios de Honduras. El Caso de CEUTEC San Pedro Sula en 2015
Authors: Amador Mazariegos Sandra
Published: September 2017

Los jóvenes y su cultura política en Honduras a inicios de la primera década del siglo XXI es la problemática analizada en este artículo, que tiene como particularidad la selección de una muestra de jóvenes universitarios de CEUTEC SAP 2015. En búsqueda de factores que condicionan la tolerancia política de los jóvenes, se valoran variables de tipo subjetivas y sociodemográficas, tales como orientaciones políticas, religión, tolerancia, autoritarismo, adhesión al régimen, etc. Estas variables analizadas forman parte de la cultura política, se encuentran pocos antecedentes de investigaciones previas en el país. En estos términos, nuestra pregunta central se traduce en la siguiente interrogante: ¿Qué tan heterogénea es la Cultura Política de la juventud universitaria en CEUTEC SAP en la segunda década del siglo XXI?
Proceso Ambiental Efectivo: Propuesta de Norma Modelo Para Costa Rica
Authors: Peña Chacón Mario , González Ballar Rafael
Published: September 2017

El derecho ambiental necesita verse reforzado por normativa procesal que permita su correcta, estricta y efectiva aplicación dentro de los procesos donde se discuten controversias de carácter ambiental. Por lo que, con éste trabajo se buscar ofrecer un modelo procesal adecuado en el marco del ordenamiento jurídico costarricense.
Estudio Comparativo de la Resistencia a la Compresión, Absorción y Dimensionamiento del Ladrillo Rafón Producido en Quimistán, Chamelecón y Florida, Honduras
Authors: Soto Gabriela Sofía , Sánchez Laura Patricia
Published: September 2017

El presente estudio realiza una comparación de las principales propiedades físicas y mecánicas del ladrillo rafón, producido en la zona noroccidental de Honduras, específicamente en los municipios de Chamelecón, departamento de Cortés; Quimistán, departamento de Santa Bárbara; y Florida, departamento de Copán. Las propiedades analizadas incluyen dimensionamiento, porcentaje de absorción y resistencia a la compresión del ladrillo. Los ensayos necesarios para el análisis se encuentran estandarizados bajo la norma ASTM C 67. Para la prueba de compresión se sometieron los especímenes a cargas verticales de compresión con una velocidad de carga controlada; para obtener el porcentaje de absorción se realizó la prueba de inmersión a 5 y 24 horas y se midió la tasa inicial de absorción; para el dimensionamiento se midieron las variaciones en las dimensiones de los especímenes con respecto a los valores estándar. Los resultados obtenidos son comparados con los valores límite establecidos en la norma ASTM C 62. Adicionalmente, se presenta una breve caracterización de las arcillas extraídas de cada fábrica artesanal de ladrillos, obteniendo como resultado la relación de cada tipo de arcilla con el producto final y sus propiedades.
Producción Científica de los Investigadores de UNITEC en el Extranjero en el año 2016
Authors: Editorial Comité
Published: September 2017

Innovare, la revista de ciencia y tecnología de la Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana (UNITEC) es el principal órgano de difusión de la actividad investigadora del sistema UNITEC/CEUTEC. Tomando en consideración que la comunidad académica de la Universidad también publica sus trabajos de investigación en ámbitos internacionales, se aprovecha este espacio para comunicar esas actividades de investigación. El presente documento recoge los resultados obtenidos por los investigadores de UNITEC en el extranjero en el año 2016.
Atuação profissional junto aos adolescentes em medida socioeducativa de internação: Um estudo com psicólogos
Authors: Dos Santos Mônica Nogueira , Menandro Maria Cristina Smith
Published: September 2017

Verificar a forma pela qual o reordenamento do Sistema Socioeducativo refletiu na prática de psicólogos que atuam junto a adolescentes cumprindo medida socioeducativa de internação foi o objetivo desse estudo. Participaram sete psicólogos contratados pelo IASES. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciaram que algumas mudanças nas práticas e preocupações estão em curso, mas são incipientes. O psicólogo ainda encontra muita dificuldade para estabelecer uma mudança significativa em sua prática e ainda, o redirecionamento preconizado pelo SINASE não aparece de forma clara em seus relatos. Ressalta-se a necessidade de uma mudança na identidade profissional, reconhecendo-se outras possibilidades de atuação para além do modelo clínico-privado.
Gestão do Capital Intelectual pelo Método de Importância e Desempenho no Instituto Federal do Paraná
Authors: Oliveira Meirelles Belquis , ZANINI BARBARA , VESCO DELCI GRAPEGIA DAL
Published: September 2017

A Gestão do capital intelectual é destaque na esfera privada e pública. Diante de tal importância, este artigo visa identificar oportunidades de melhorias na gestão do capital intelectual junto às Diretorias de Planejamento e Administração dos Campi do Instituto Federal do Paraná (IFPR), por meio da técnica da matriz de importância e desempenho, desenvolvida por Martilla e James (1977). Os instrumentos e procedimentos presentes neste artigo têm como contribuição empírica e social a possibilidade de subsidiar o desenvolvimento de programas de identificação de oportunidades de melhorias na gestão do capital intelectual em instituições públicas. Para tanto discorreu-se sobre o capital intelectual no setor público. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa dos dados, aplicado junto aos diretores de planejamento e administração dos primeiros 14 Campi implantados no IFPR. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante a aplicação do instrumento de pesquisa adaptado de Bossi (2003), o qual contemplou 27 atributos, agrupados em cinco categorias de capital intelectual no setor público: capital humano, organização interna, relações externas, qualidade e transparência. Os resultados evidenciaram em quais atributos e categorias a diretoria apresenta desempenho satisfatório, devendo manter os esforços na manutenção do trabalho que vem desenvolvendo e em quais deve concentrar seus esforços em ações de melhorias visando a suprir suas deficiências.
Aplicação das IFRS para pequenas e médias empresas na perspectiva dos prestadores de serviços contábeis
Authors: Cavalheiro Rafael Todescato , Huppes Cristiane Mallmann , Kremer Andréia Maria
Published: September 2017

As mudanças econômicas ocorridas com a internacionalização da economia começaram a demandar uma padronização das normas contábeis entre os países. Nesse sentido, o Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis emitiu o CPC PME – Contabilidade para Pequenas e Médias Empresas correlacionado ao The International Financial Reporting Standard for Small and Medium-sized Entities (IFRS for SMEs) visando a adequação da contabilidade das PMEs aos padrões internacionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a percepção e aplicação do CPC PME pelos prestadores de serviços contábeis, por meio de uma pesquisa descritiva, tipo survey, com análise mista considerando quantitativamente as frequências e, qualitativamente, a construção hipotética de aspectos conceituais. Foram obtidas 26 respostas de profissionais atuantes na cidade de Dourados-MS. Os resultados apontam que há dificuldade em adotar a norma, principalmente no que tange a questões subjetivas, sem regras claramente definidas, a exemplo da aplicação do princípio da essência sobre a forma, mesmo com a participação em cursos capacitação. Culturalmente, a legislação fiscal e tributária interfere fortemente na ação profissional. Apesar da avaliação positiva dos contadores sobre a valorização profissional e da necessidade de atender a legislação contábil vigente, em praticamente todas as situações apresentadas no questionário, os respondentes não se adequaram aos dispostos no CPC PME.
Impactos da Descentralização na Economicidade de Compras Governamentais
Authors: Oliveira Anny Cristiane de Medeiros , Diniz Josedilton Alves , Bispo Jorge De Souza , Lima Severino Cesário de , Santos Leandro Da Costa
Published: September 2017

A descentralização proporciona agilidade nas atividades setoriais que buscam a eficiência e eficácia na atribuição de tarefas para cada setor, possibilitando a divisão de poderes e melhor identificação de demandas. Esta distribuição de tarefas é justificada pelo federalismo por ser um modelo social e político em que os entes federativos encontram-se submetidos ao governo central e a distribuição de competências entre os governos locais. Processo similar ocorre com a descentralização das universidades com a existência de um campus central e de campi interiorizados que também possuem essa característica de concessão de autonomia e divisão de atividades, buscando melhorias na execução de suas tarefas. O presente estudo avaliou a descentralização das compras governamentais da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, especificamente os pregões eletrônicos para a aquisição de material de consumo, tipo de compra comum para qualquer instituição onde a comparação entre ambas foi realizada de forma igualitária, compreendendo o período de quatro anos. A relação da centralização e autonomia da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande mostrou que as aquisições realizadas em economia de escala são positivas para a instituição, podendo, assim, unificar estas compras para se obter maior economia para os cofres públicos. A descentralização das universidades federais e autonomia de cada campus não se relacionam com o valor economizado nas compras governamentais, ou seja, as alterações ocasionadas por esta descentralização não geram grandes economias nas aquisições realizadas pelos campi interiorizados. O ideal seria unificar estas compras para se alcançar os melhores percentuais econômicos, já que compras em grande escala ocasionam diminuição de preços e aumenta a concorrência entre fornecedores.
Espinosa no direito contemporâneo ou por uma teoria do direito como 'potentia'
Authors: Braga Luiz Carlos Montans
Published: September 2017

Algumas vertentes do direito crítico apontam limitações ao formalismo e ao legalismo jurídicos. O primeiro movimento do artigo procura mostrar algumas teses de uma das vertentes do direito crítico. Num segundo momento, os conceitos espinosanos serão trazidos à discussão contemporânea sobre a crise do direito para serem somados às explicações propostas pelo direito crítico. Por meio de Espinosa intenta-se, primeiro, recuperar o velho tema do direito natural, com novas roupagens e nova pertinência. Por meio dos conceitos espinosanos de multidão e permanência do direito natural no interior mesmo da cidade, o campo jurídico pode ser compreendido de maneira alargada, infiltrando no debate conceitos apagados ou deslocados pelo formalismo jurídico. Nesse sentido a filosofia espinosana pode ser uma das melhores referências para o direito de resistência em face do formalismo vazio que violenta os membros da cidade no momento mesmo em que se apresenta travestido de expressão de interesses da coletividade. As teses espinosanas podem trazer novos temas e conceitos aos apontados e trabalhados pelo direito crítico, bem como podem dar mais força a concepções emancipatórias do direito.
'The Province of Jurisprudence Determined', de John Austin
Authors: Pugliese William Soares , Fortes Luiz Henrique Krassuski
Published: September 2017

Resenha da obra The Province of Jurisprudence Determined, de John Austin.