bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING AND OPERATION
Authors: Meins-Becker Anica , Kelm Agnes , Kaufhold Matthias , Quessel Melanie , Helmus Manfred
Published: March 2020

The research project "BIM-based operation" contributes standardization and uniform understanding of the BIM process and the resulting changes in the construction and real estate sectors. The project develops an ideal-type target process chain, based on an actual process analysis, for using the BIM method in real estate operations. A standardized life-cycle process is intent to show required information for operation actives in concrete terms. Based on this, information and communication interfaces can be identified to analyze changing performance requirements of the parties involved, and open questions such as legal issues can be further elaborated or dealt with. Based on literature research and numerous expert interviews, it analyzes and determines how individual process steps are carried out and which parties need to deliver what kind of information to which participant at what time, to fulfill build owners' requirements to a successfully constructed and managed building. The focus is thus on the exchange of information between those involved in the operation phase. Existing standards are consciously integrated into the development. Companies, institutions, and other stakeholders are thus given an overview of the situation in relation to the important exchange of information. In particular, the real estate operating phase is attributed to a high optimization potential through digitization.
CHANCES AND RISKS OF COMBINED PRICING
Authors: Kummer Markus , Hofstadler Christian
Published: March 2020

Appropriate costing creates a plausible, reliable basis for determining the bid price. One of the key requirements that applicable laws, standards, and guidelines stipulate for (structural) specifications is that works should be specified clearly, completely and objectively so as to ensure bid comparability. Furthermore, cost estimates should be possible for the specified works (excluding non-quantifiable risks). The specifying party usually requires combined pricing because works related to various structural components, construction trades, subsoil types, rebar diameters etc. that necessitate a variety of types and combinations of production factors are merged into a single item. Combined pricing occurs whenever a unit price is to be derived from different cost estimates with respect to the utilization of production factors. This means that bidders intending to develop an activity-based costing model would have to know the type of work or service, the underlying conditions for performing the work, and the associated timeframe (i.e. project start, binding milestones, project end). This paper investigates if combined pricing items meet these requirements whilst putting a particular focus on the relevance of combined pricing to construction management and economics, including construction expert opinions on the chances and risks of this approach. For this purpose, this paper primarily deals with reinforcing works.
COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION OF TWO DESIGN METHODS FOR SLAB-ON-GRADE FOUNDATIONS SUBJECTED TO CONCENTRATED LOADS
Authors: Jlilati Mohamad Nazieh , Brown Vicki Lee , Tang Xiaochao
Published: March 2020

The concrete slab-on-grade is a type of shallow foundation commonly used in warehouse and other industrial facilities. The slab is constructed in formwork set into the ground with concrete poured directly onto compacted subgrade. Slab-on-grade foundations designed by the traditional linear elastic method may have overly conservative slab thicknesses. As the slab-on-grade foundation can account for up to 15% of construction costs for the projects in which they are employed, reduction in the slab thickness can result in significant cost savings. An alternate design method (Shentu et al. 1997) has been proposed but has not been widely accepted due to lack of confidence in its correlation with test results. The objectives of this study were to experimentally define a reasonable factor of safety for the Shentu method and compare with the traditional design method. Test slabs of varying thicknesses, 5 ft by 5 ft in area, were built on top of compacted local soils and aggregates inside a testing box and tested to failure under static loads to simulate storage rack post loads; companion slabs were constructed on top of compacted soils and aggregates and field-tested. Concrete mixes with and without fibers were used in the study. Factors of safety were determined. Test results indicate that the Shentu method is too liberal in its computations while the traditional design method is overly conservative.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE BENDING PROPERTIES FOR TWO TYPES OF COMPOSITE BEAMS
Authors: Liang Xian , Duan Shujin , Niu Runming , Li Fang
Published: March 2020

The difference between the steel and concrete composite-laminated action beam and the double steel and concrete composite action beam is in the connection of the top concrete slab and the steel top flange. The bending properties about the composite-laminated beam and the double composite beam in the negative flexural region are investigated in this paper. The relation of the cross section bending moment-curvature for the two types of composite beams under the action of negative bending moment are drawn by the whole process analysis method, and then the corresponding cracking moment, elastic ultimate bending moment and plastic ultimate bending moment are obtained. The analysis results have a good agreement with test data. Although the sectional bending stiffness and bending-carrying capacity of the composite-laminated beam and the double composite beam are comparable in the elastic state, the crack resistance of the composite-laminated beam is much better than that of the double composite beam.
COMPARISON OF OWNER AND CONTRACTOR PERSPECTIVES IN ESTABLISHING COST CONTROL STRUCTURE
Authors: Komurlu Ruveyda , Er Akin
Published: March 2020

Cost control is a part of cost management which is carried out by the project owner and the contractor throughout a project. However, the structures of the control function developed by each party generally differ since the purpose of the function and the level of the structure are not exactly the same. Contractors have several advantages while building a cost control system such as more detailed information about the project, more background, more dedicated personnel, specifically developed software etc. Therefore, contractors have a broader vision on the issue. Owners need to utilize cost control systems not only for common reasons but also due to some specific necessities. Unlike contractors, owners have to capitalize projects just before they put their investments into operation. This paper intends to focus the necessities prioritized by the owners and contractors on the issue. A comparison will be made to distinguish the differences between the cost perspectives of project owners and contractors. An assessment will be done of the matters that owners pay attention while establishing a cost control structure in light of the experiences practiced in oil and gas projects. Thus, the important points which should be better to consider by the owners' project control teams will be advised.
COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATION OF HYGROTHERMAL PERFORMANCE OF PLASTERS WITH ENHANCED MOISTURE ACCUMULATION CAPABILITY
Authors: Kočí Jan , Fořt Jan , Maděra Jiří
Published: March 2020

Series of computational simulations are performed within this paper in order to investigate the hygrothermal response of several plasters with enhanced accumulation properties. The newly developed plasters are modified from the reference sample by adding various amounts of super absorbent polymers. Then, the basic physical, thermal and hygric properties are determined in the laboratory conditions and subsequently used as an input parameter in the computational simulations. The simulation output showed that even a thin layer of exterior and interior plaster may significantly affect the hygrothermal performance of the entire building envelope due to increased moisture and thermal buffering of the surface layers. Differences in relative humidity distribution across the studied construction were generally up to 10 % between individual plasters, differences of temperature distribution were mostly negligible, except for the cases when sudden changes of surface temperature were observed. Then, the thermal buffering was evident and the differences of temperature in surface layers were up to 4°C among studied plasters.
CONCEPTUAL STAKEHOLDER THEORY IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Authors: Tchumtcha Wembe Paulin
Published: March 2020

Stakeholder management is an important part of management notion particularly in project management today. In recent years, the concept of stakeholder grows comprehensively among academics and professionals. Despite the widespread stakeholder management, the theory is not straightforward to understand and apply. One of the reasons is the number of theories in literature. Literature reviews reveal the following as stakeholder management theories: normative, instrumental, descriptive, convergent stakeholder and social science stakeholder theories. The research employs existing literature to develop a contemporary understanding of stakeholder management theory of stakeholder management. This paper contributes to the stakeholder management theory by presenting the new concept of stakeholder management theory using two cultures (Western and Chinese cultures in Africa). These management approaches can be classified as Western and Chinese models. The Western model is contractual by nature, while the Chinese model is characterized by informality (guanxi). The new stakeholder management theory called "Accustom theory". The new stakeholder management theory developed-"Accustom theory"-had a lot to do with the stakeholder management in project management. It deals with hard skills, soft skills, and the power structure skills. This paper contributes to stakeholder management theory by presenting accustom theory as a new perspective of stakeholder management theory. The new theory aims to improve the practice of project management by presenting how formality, participation and communication levels in projects improve stakeholders' satisfaction.
CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY FOR STRAIN GAGE INSTALLATION IN AIRPORT PAVEMENTS
Authors: Kioa Gregory , Singh Amarjit
Published: March 2020

Installing strain gages in a pavement can give useful information on pavement distress before visible marks appear on the pavement surface. The installation of sensors at existing and busy airports comes at a price, with a very short construction window, because of the need for least disruption to air traffic owing to the expensive concessions paid by airlines almost a year in advance. As such, a proposed project on a runway at Kahului airport, Maui, Hawaii could only be granted three six-hour nights, from 11 pm to 5 am, while Honolulu airport executed a project on a taxiway that has a 7-day window, on which this article will focus. Among the many constraints-both for construction and airport safety-is the requirement that concrete attain 5000-psi strength before the taxiway is reopened to air traffic. This means that the major work of concreting on the taxiway must be completed before the end of the 4th day of the construction window. Thus, scheduling must be done in 15-minute slots. In addition, precision is key, and high productivity is required. This article describes the construction method behind this unique project.
CRITICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING BUILDING GRADUATES' EMPLOYABILITY IN A DEVELOPING ECONOMY
Authors: Afolabi Adedeji , Ojelabi Rapheal , Tunji-Olayeni Patience , Omuh Ignatius , Oyeyipo Opeyemi
Published: March 2020

Schools of higher learning are endowed with the prerogative of churning out employable graduates to the workplace. This can only be achieved by measuring the need-thermometer in skills and capacities required in the industry in comparison with the education provided by the higher institutions. The study was aimed at evaluating the critical factors that influence building graduates' employability in a developing economy. Using an employer-academia perspective, a cross-section survey system through a questionnaire instrument provided information on graduate employability in the built environment industry. Top management officials in construction industry and academia in the built environment in schools of higher learning in Lagos and Ogun State provided the data for the study. Statistical tools such as stacked bars and Linear Regression was used in presenting the data. The study revealed major skills (communication, teamwork, professional expertise/problem-solving, self-management, planning and organizing, ICT, life-long learning, and initiative/enterprise) required by employers in the construction industry. The study showed that teaching strategies and curriculum content can influence building graduates' employability. In conclusion, the study developed a framework for increasing building graduates' employability to align with the skills needed by employers in the built environment in a developing economy. It is recommended that schools of higher learning need to continually measure the needs of the industry and incorporate findings into a robust construction curriculum. Work-learning settings should be encouraged for construction students.
CURRENT PRACTICES OF EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING IN CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS
Authors: Abdelaty Ahmed , Shrestha K. Joseph
Published: March 2020

Construction education is dynamic and practice oriented. As such, effective construction programs require significant collaboration with the construction industry. This collaboration, in the form of internship or cooperative programs, increase the student readiness for the job market by providing valuable field experience. Construction programs in the United States (US) established several internship requirements that range from being optional to multiple required internships. This study focuses on scanning the current internship requirements set by construction and engineering technology programs in the US by gathering information including; 1) Number and length of required internships, 2) Internship prerequisites, 3) Internship deliverables, 4) assessment method. The outcome of this study is expected to help construction programs improve their internship or cooperative requirements by considering the prevailing practices developed by other schools. Additionally, the study provides recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of internship for positive experiential learning.
DATA AND PROCESS MODEL FOR ADVANCED INTEGRATION OF MEP INTO BIM PROJECTS
Authors: Partl Rainer , Hauer Stefan , Monsberger Michael
Published: March 2020

The coordination of mechanical, electrical, plumbing (MEP) and architecture is a most important task in BIM projects. Open data exchange based on BIM formats such as the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) is an important basis for advanced collaboration in complex project environments. It facilitates performance-based design concepts as multidisciplinary teams can more easily combine task-specific design and simulation tools. An analysis of the IFC4 standard pointed out, that MEP components are not sufficiently specified yet in order to provide such functionality. Moreover, MEP specific guidelines and process models describing the various interactions between architectural and MEP design in a BIM project are still lacking. This paper thus presents a comprehensive MEP data model that complements the current state of IFC. In addition, an associated BIM process model using Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) that outlines the application of the data model in different design stages of a project is introduced. For this purpose, we take an air-handling unit as example and apply the developed model to an air-handling unit of a campus building at Graz University of Technology. The presented results support architects, MEP engineers, and BIM managers in the project-specific implementation of air-handling unit models and the set-up of a suitable process for the integration into the project.
DESIGN OF BOLTED CONNECTIONS SUBJECT TO TORSION AND SHEAR IN THE ULTIMATE LIMIT STRESS STATE
Authors: Abu-Yosef Mohamed S. , Sayed-Ahmed Ezzeldin Y. , Soliman Emam A.
Published: March 2020

Steel connections transferring axial and shear forces in addition to bending moment and/or torsional moment are widely used in steel structures. Thus, design of such eccentric connections has become the focal point of any researches. Nonetheless, behavior of eccentric connections subjected to shear forces and torsion in the ultimate limit state is still ambiguous. Most design codes of practice still conservatively use the common elastic analysis for design of the said connections even in the ultimate limit states. Yet, there are some exceptions such as the design method proposed by CAN/CSA-S16-14 which gives tabulated design aid for the ultimate limit state design of these connections based on an empirical equation that is derived for ¾ inch diameter A325 bearing type bolts and A36 steel plates. It was argued that results can also be used with a margin of error for other grade bolts of different sizes and steel of other grades. As such, in this paper, the performance of bolted connection subject to shear and torsion is experimentally investigated. The behavior, failure modes and factors affecting both are scrutinized. Twelve connections subject to shear and torsion with different bolts configurations and diameters are experimentally tested to failure. The accuracy of the currently available design equations proposed is compared to the outcomes of these tests.
DEVELOPMENT OF A DECISION MAKING TOOL FOR PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT UNDER SUSTAINABILITY CRITERIA
Authors: Espinoza-Valarezo Pedro , García-Segura Tatiana , Montalbán-Domingo Laura , Pellicer Eugenio
Published: March 2020

This paper focuses on solving the problem of budget allocation for the pavement maintenance management of an urban road network. To do this, a decision-making tool is developed. The tool is based on a quantitative valuation of six sustainable criteria to obtain a priority ranking. The relative weights are calibrated with the aim of obtaining a higher benefit-cost ratio to a horizon of 4 years. The tool is applied to a sample of Valencia's urban road network. The work concludes that decision-making based on sustainable criteria increases the ratio benefit-cost in 53%, compared with the plan based only on the condition of the pavement, which is typical in management agencies lacking an assessment tool. The application of the tool to an urban road network that differs in conditions with the sample analyzed must be preceded by a calibration similar to the one raised, in order to define the optimal scenario in relative weights.
EFFECT OF SITE AMPLIFICATION ON SEISMIC SAFETY EVALUATION OF FLYOVER PIER
Authors: Mukhlis Mohammad Raihan , Bhuiyan Md. Abdur Rahman
Published: March 2020

Bangladesh is a developing country in which a lot of multi-span simply/continuous supported flyovers are being constructed in its major cities. Being situated in a seismically active region, seismic safety evaluation of flyovers is essential for seismic risk reduction. Effects of site amplification on seismic safety evaluation of flyover piers are the main concern of this study. In this regard, failure mode, lateral strength and displacement ductility of piers of a typical multi-span simply supported flyover have been evaluated by Japan Road Association (JRA) recommended guidelines, with and without considering site amplification. Ultimate flexural strengths of piers have been computed using the pushover analysis results. Shear capacity of piers have been calculated using the guidelines of JRA. Lateral strengths have been determined depending on the failure modes of the piers. Displacement ductility of piers has been computed using yield and ultimate displacements of the piers obtained from the pushover analysis results. Selected earthquake time history is used in seismic safety evaluation of the flyover piers. Finally, the ductility design method is used to conduct the seismic safety evaluation of the piers with and without considering site amplification. From the numerical results, it has been revealed that the effects of site amplification on seismic safety evaluation of bridge structures should be carefully taken into account.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT SOURCES OF WATER ON THE PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE
Authors: Omuh Ignatius , Ojelabi Rapheal , Afolabi Adedeji , Tunji-Olayeni Patience , Obi Chukwuma , Mosaku Timothy
Published: March 2020

Water is vital to human existence and life can only be sustained by it. Concrete is a widely used construction material and water is an important part of its composition. Potable water is what is recommended for concrete works, but unfortunately, some places do not have access to this. Places that do not have access to potable water might have access to other water sources that might be used for concrete works. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of water from different sources on concrete mechanical properties. This study evaluates the characteristics of concrete produced with river water, well water, and potable tap water. Compressive strength and Density, were used to evaluate the characteristics of concrete specimens of mix ratios 1:2:4 and 1: 1 1/2 :3 produced with water from the different sources. The results showed that concrete specimens produced with tap water had the highest mean compressive strength at 28 days. While well water had the lowest compressive strength, it was concluded that well water was not suitable for concrete works even though it is already being used on some sites that can’t access tap water.
EFFECTS OF HUMAN-STRUCTURE INTERACTIONS ON THE DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF BUILDING FLOORS SUSCEPTIBLE TO VIBRATIONS
Authors: Setareh Mehdi , Renard Stephanie
Published: March 2020

Excessive vibrations of building floors due to human movements have become an important vibration serviceability problem for building designers and owners. A series of vibration tests on a full-scale laboratory floor with different numbers of humans in various postures were conducted. Using this data, the dynamic properties of a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) dynamic system representing groups of people in different postures were computed. A 3-DOF model representing the floor and humans was developed and its dynamic properties were defined in terms of non-dimensional parameters. The dynamic properties of the floor were measured when occupied by groups of people in different postures and compared to those predicted using the 3-DOF dynamic model considering the identified human models. The results showed that the predicted properties were within the range of those found from the measurements, which validated the identified human dynamic models. This study also showed how the presence of humans can affect the natural frequency and damping ratio of a floor system.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON SELF CURING RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE MEMBERS
Authors: Bhikshma V. , Kumar J. Ravi
Published: March 2020

Self-curing concrete is an important aspect in strength development, which is neglected due to various reasons such as shortage of water, inaccessibility of structures during curing. Self-curing agents play important role in heat of hydration and strength development. The present study involves the use of self-curing agent polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000). In this investigation, M20 to M50 grade concrete has been considered to evaluate strength characteristics and flexural behavior using natural and recycled aggregate concrete. The various percentages of PEG 6000 have been used. The test result indicates self-curing concrete has indicated strength enhancement compared to conventional curing concrete. The strength for normal coarse aggregate concrete with a self-curing agent (PEG 6000) at 2% with 10% GGBS is decreased when compared with recycled coarse aggregate concrete with 1% (PEG 6000) with addition 10% GGBS. Mechanical properties are 7% to 20% higher for self-curing concrete when compared to natural concrete. Similarly, the flexural strength of normal coarse aggregate concrete was found to be varying from 4% to 16% more than with recycled coarse aggregate concrete at 28 days. Ultimate deflection of RC beams is 10% greater than the NC beams and ultimate moments of RC beams were 1% to 3% less than the corresponding NC beams. The moment-curvature relationship and load-deflection characteristics of the NC beams and RC beams show a similar trend.
FINITE STRAIN MEASUREMENT USING IMAGE ANALYSIS UNDER REVERSE SHEAR AFTER FORWARD SHEAR
Authors: Kato Yasuyuki
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this research is to investigate the progress of local deformation under finite deformation by using image analysis based on the Natural Strain theory. Since Natural Strain used in the image analysis can satisfy the addition law of strain on an identical line element and can remove the rigid body rotation from shearing strain component, it is an effective strain for representing stress and strain behavior under large deformation. Therefore, in this research, these features of Natural Strain theory will be incorporated into the method of image analysis. In the present study, using the test pieces made of high purity tough pitch copper, the local deformation occurring under large simple shear is investigated by comparing the strains in each element from the upper position to the middle position with the average strain in the gauge length. In order to investigate the progress of local deformation caused by differences of strain hardening in the material, the experiments are conducted under different deformation histories which are given by applying reverse shear after applying forward shear with different sizes. Consequently, it is revealed that if the value of plastic strain obtained by integrating over the whole deformation path is almost the same, the progress of local deformation is approximately the same even if the deformation path is different.
A STUDY OF HUMAN GAIT FOR VIBRATION SERVICEABILITY EVALUATION
Authors: Setareh Mehdi , Tiller Matt
Published: March 2020

The vibration serviceability problem of structures such as building floors, footbridges, large balconies, and monumental stairs due to human movements has become an important issue, which requires careful attention of designers and engineers. Design engineers often create Finite Elements models of structures to predict their dynamic properties and their responses due to human movements. Therefore, one important aspect of the dynamic analysis of structures is the identification and quantification of excitation forces due to human movements. As part of this research study, measurements of ground reaction forces (GRF) from a number of individuals were conducted at the Virginia Tech Vibration Testing Laboratory using an instrumented force platform. The subjects walked at various speeds synchronized using a metronome. The same tests were subsequently repeated while the subjects ascended and descended over an instrumented mock stair. Considering the periodicity of human excitation force, the Fourier Series parameters (Fourier Coefficients and corresponding phase angles) of the measured forcing functions were computed. Correlations between the measured GRF's on a flat surface and an inclined surface (stair) were established. The results of the analysis were compared to the available information in the literature in an attempt to check their accuracy.
IMPROVING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY BY USING ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES AND BIM
Authors: Kelm Agnes , Meins-Becker Anica , Helmus Manfred
Published: March 2020

Despite a slight decrease in the number of accidents at work on German construction sites, a large number of accidents on construction sites occurred as a result of the collision of different trades. An important potential is in the optimization of the safety and health by making available predefined information about work safety for all involved trades. The aim of the project is the application of the BIM-method and the use of RFID-technology and Augmented Reality to improve work safety in the real estate and construction industry. It has to identify, define, and standardize information relevant to work safety so that they can be used for prevention-measures with Building Information Modeling (BIM). To do so, a process map was developed to map all relevant occupational health and safety processes during the lifecycle phases of a building. Therefore, all work safety-relevant processes have to be identified and defined. Furthermore, a demonstrator was developed in order to show possibilities like the usage of Augmented Reality (AR) and a commercially available tablet with a web app, in combination with Bluetooth beacons and RFID technology, based on a common data base. This will lead to the possibility of cross-company planning regarding work safety-relevant processes with BIM as well as the optimization of work safety in additional use of AutoID-Technologies.
Into the wild: disentangling non-wood terms and definitions for improved forest statistics
Authors: Muir G.F. , Sorrenti S. , Vantomme P. , Vidale E. , Masiero M.
Published: March 2020

As scientists strive to make nature's value visible, a large portion of forests and wild biodiversity known as non-wood forest products (NWFPs) continues to remain largely invisible and unaccounted for. At the core of the problem is wide disaccord over what is a NWFP (and correlate
terms), a debate which has been running in circles for nearly three decades. This paper reviews existing terms and definitions, with the aim of improving forest statistics and the visibility of NWFPs. The paper starts by (1) clarifying boundaries between agricultural and forest products, so
forest products currently under agriculture can be "reclaimed"; (2) drawing on lessons from fisheries to distinguish between wild and farmed products, and associated activities; (3) moving beyond product towards activity classifications to capture gathering that may not be accounted
for under crops or forest products because it takes place across landscapes and outside of these sectoral boundaries.
Gemeinschaft „sub unica Veritatis auctoritate“
Authors: Herms Eilert
Published: March 2020

Das gegenwärtige Pontifikat betreibt den Ökumenismus pragmatisch und mit ethischem Schwerpunkt. Gleichwohl bleibt die Klärung der Frage nach den fundamentaltheologischen (offenbarungstheoretischen) und dogmatischen (ekklesiologischen) Fundamenten von Kirchenordnung und Kirchenrecht für die begründete Erklärung von sichtbarer Einheit unabdingbar. Differenzen bestehen hier nicht nur zwischen reformatorischer und römisch-katholischer Theologie, sondern auch innerhalb der letzteren. Sie reichen – das zeigt die systematische Analyse von drei jüngeren römisch-katholischen Veröffentlichungen zum Thema – von unterschiedlichen Vorstellungen über die methodische Fortsetzung des Bemühens um Erreichung eines „differenzierten Konsensen“ über Einzelfragen bis zu einer (jetzt auch römisch-katholischen!) grundsätzlichen Infragestellung der „Konsenspapierökumene“ zugunsten einer Klärung des „Grunddissens“ zwischen katholischer und evangelischer Christentumsauffassung und Denkform im ganzen. Keine der Positionen hat ein angemessenes Verständnis von Ansatz und Pointe reformatorischer Theologie erreicht. Dringend ist also, dass evangelische Theologie deutlicher als bisher zeigt: Das reformatorische Verständnis von Offenbarung und Glaube hat präzise Konsequenzen für das reformatorische Verständnis der sichtbaren Kirche (von Kirchenordnung und Kirchenrecht).
Das soziale Band der Religion
Authors: Klein Rebekka A.
Published: March 2020

Der Artikel untersucht die in der Sozialtheorie seit der Antike gebrauchte Metapher eines sozialen Bandes im Blick auf die Religion. Mit ihr wird die Performativität sozialer Bindungen und Kohäsionskräfte und damit ihre kulturelle Hervorbringung akzentuiert. Religion kann jedoch nicht einfach mit kulturellen Akten gleichgesetzt werden, wie es oft in liberalprotestantischen Ansätzen und in Konzeptionen einer Öffentlichen Theologie der Fall ist. Alternativ wird daher das Gespräch mit poststrukturalistischen Autoren (Derrida, Nancy) gesucht, um von ihm her einen Bezug zur offenen Metaphorik des sozialen Bandes (der Religion) und zur These seiner Performanz zu suchen.
Carcass weight of Greenlandic lambs in relation to grazing area biomass
Authors: Lehmann Jesper Overgård , Odgaard Mette Vestergaard , Kristensen Troels
Published: March 2020

This study set out to investigate possible relationships between lamb carcass weight and quality with feed availability during the main growing season in southern Greenland where farms are sparsely distributed over a large area. In early May, ewes and new-born lambs are let out to graze permanent nature areas until slaughter towards the end of September. In our study, we used data from 157,477 lambs slaughtered between 2010 and 2017 as well as the Normalized Differentiated Vegetation Index (NDVI) as an indicator of biomass growth. Mean carcass weight of lambs ranged from 13.4 kg in 2015 to 16.5 kg in 2010 where 70.5% of all lambs scored well for conformation and fat. Both farm, year, and NDVI significantly correlated with carcass weight and quality. Lambs raised in the northern and the southern grazing areas generally were smaller than lambs raised in the central part. Finally, NDVI explained between 0 and 74% of the variation in mean carcass weight across years within each grazing area. Our work exemplifies the use of satellite-derived data to attempt an explanation of spatial variation in productivity, which in the future could be coupled with other spatial variables such as soil quality, vegetation, and topography.
DESAFIOS DA SUSTENTABILIDADE DO ENSINO DE PORTUGUÊS LÍNGUA MUNDIAL NOS E.U.A.: PROJETO VÍDEO COMO ESTRATÉGIA INTERCULTURAL
Authors: Alvim Renato , Ramos-Sollai Silvia
Published: March 2020

Este estudo de caso aborda a comunicação intercultural na tarefa de vídeo em ambiente instrucional universitário de Português Língua Mundial nos E.U.A. (ACTFL, 2017). Discute-se uma intervenção de pesquisa do modelo curricular inverso, em que o objetivo abrangente é fornecer comentário eficaz a fim de aperfeiçoar o desempenho do aluno (WIGGINS & MCTIGHE, 2007). Correlativamente, os debates acadêmicos que ampliam a comunicação do modo interpessoal para os modos interpretativo e expositivo são exploradas, uma vez que a literatura pertinente também apoia que há troca de informações nas habilidades de leitura, escrita e escuta (ADAIR-HAUCK & TROYAN, 2013). Corroborando o conceito de competência intercultural de Byram (1997), os resultados apontam para o modo de apresentação como o produto dos aprendizes para a construção de significado e de interação, respectivamente, como suas próprias perspectivas e padrões do português pluricêntrico. A reflexão dos participantes sobre identidade coletiva e o alcance da expressão individual formada em grupo para abordar público e tarefa específicas esclarecem a combinação particular de aprendizes e das culturas representadas.Palavras-chave: Comunicação intercultural; modelo curricular inverso; português pluricêntrico; abordagem língua mundial.
Chinese-Portuguese bilingual’s phonological awareness: annotations
Authors: Nunes Ana Margarida Belém , Wu Shasha
Published: March 2020

Economic and trade cooperation between China and Portuguese-speaking countries have increased, as consequence more universities began offering Portuguese courses and the demand of Portuguese/Chinese bilinguals increased in China. However, the principal focus is mostly on areas such as grammar, translation and literature; also in terms of research, those areas are preferred, leaving for second place important linguistic aspects of Portuguese language. This study aims to identify some of the characteristics of the development of European Portuguese’s phonological awareness of Chinese speakers. By conducting different tests, we are able to highlight some of the characteristics and most common difficulties presented by Chinese speakers learning Portuguese. Furthermore, one present some suggestions in order to help both teachers and students overcoming some obstacles. On our study, we gathered data from 40 informants (average age 18-23 years) answers to the surveys and tasks covering the three types of phonological awareness. The more evident characteristics of phonological awareness development by Chinese speakers, include: 1) third-year subjects performance is better than first-year’s; 2) Phoneme awareness is slightly inferior to the syllable awareness; 3) Third-year students present better results on syllable awareness performance then in phonemic; 5) the pair [p, b] discrimination is the most difficult. According to the characteristics of phonological awareness development and learning habits of Chinese speakers, it is desirable to explore methodologies that combine games, tests, activities that may dynamically stimulate and mature phonological awareness.Keywords: Portuguese as a foreign language; phonological awareness; Chinese speakers.
INFLUÊNCIA DE INTERLOCUTORES NA PRODUÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA DE UMA CRIANÇA CODA DURANTE A AQUISIÇÃO BILÍNGUE E BIMODAL
Authors: Gomes Bianca Sena , De Quadros Ronice Muller
Published: March 2020

Este artigo é proveniente de um recorte da dissertação do mestrado e tem como objetivo apresentar o entendimento do desenvolvimento linguístico vem atraído muita atenção da comunidade científica atual e, por apresentar características únicas, o desenvolvimento linguístico de pessoas Codas – filhos ouvintes de pais surdos - tem o potencial de contribuir de maneira singular na área de aquisição da linguagem, uma vez que estes sujeitos são, ao mesmo tempo, bilíngues, bimodais e biculturais. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento linguístico de uma criança Coda bilíngue e bimodal em Língua Portuguesa e Língua Brasileira de Sinais através da análise de sua interação com interlocutores adultos, sendo eles surdos ou ouvintes, monolíngues ou bilíngues, bem como analisar a influência desses interlocutores em tal desenvolvimento. A metodologia utilizada no trabalho se consistiu na transcrição e análises de vídeos com duração de quarenta minutos, que explicitavam a interação da criança Coda Edu com 1 ano e 4 meses de idade individualmente com os interlocutores Carlos (ouvinte e bilíngue) e a mãe, e, posteriormente, com idade de 3 anos e 8 meses, com Lara (ouvinte e monolíngue) e o pai (surdo não oralizado, quando interagia com o Edu) de forma natural, durante o início e final da aquisição da linguagem. Como resultado e conclusão do trabalho, foi possível identificar de fato a existência de uma sensibilidade da criança à produção linguística do interlocutor, tanto na produção gesto-visual e oral-auditiva.Palavras-chave: Aquisição da linguagem; codas; bilíngues bimodais; língua de sinais; Libras.
AGE AND PROFICIENCY IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE ANXIETY
Authors: Dutra Rafael , Finger Ingrid
Published: March 2020

This study aimed to investigate how proficiency and age are related to Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA). A total of 88 teenagers and adults with different levels of proficiency answered the Language History Questionnaire and the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale. The analyses revealed (1) a significant negative correlation between the participants’ mean self-assessed proficiency and their level of FLA; and (2) a significant positive correlation between the participants’ age and their level of FLA. In other words, the lower the proficiency level, the higher the participants’ anxiety level. In addition to that, the older the participant, the higher his anxiety level. The results of the study suggest that Foreign Language Anxiety seems to be related to both proficiency level and learner age. Such results are discussed in light of previous investigations in the field of Applied Linguistics.Keywords: Foreign language anxiety; proficiency; age.
MINORITY GROUPS AND LANGUAGE DIVERSITY IN GERMANY AND BRAZIL: AN INTERVIEW WITH GÖZ KAUFMANN (UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG, GERMANY)
Authors: Kaufmann Göz , Vetromille-Castro Rafael , Limberger Bernardo Kolling , Kieling Helena Dos Santos
Published: March 2020

Göz Kaufmann, who obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Heidelberg, Germany, in 1997, completed his habilitation treatise in 2016 and received the venia legendi (livre docência) in German Linguistics from the University of Freiburg, Germany. He holds a permanent position as a senior lecturer (Akademischer Oberrat) for linguistics in the German Department of the University of Freiburg. Kaufmann’s main research areas are sociolinguistics, language contact, language variation, and language change. In the area of language variation and change, his focus is on German minority varieties spoken in South America, particularly Mennonite Low German and Pomerano. Aside from lexical and morphological variation, he analyzes syntactic variation in these varieties combining variationist and generative approaches. Göz Kaufmann worked in Brazil as a guest professor and representative of the DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service) at the UFRGS and the USP. At the University of Pelotas (UFPel), he has already taught several courses and presented numerous talks. For more information, see http://paul.igl.uni-freiburg.de/kaufmann/?Home
BILINGUISMO E MULTILINGUISMO: PROCESSAMENTO, APRENDIZAGEM E USO DAS LÍNGUAS
Authors: Limberger Bernardo Kolling , Mota Mailce Borges , Buchweitz Augusto
Published: March 2020

Apresentação do número 35 (2019) da Revista Caderno de Letras
The Right Temporoparietal Junction Is Causally Associated with Embodied Perspective-taking
Authors: Martin Andrew K. , Kessler Klaus , Cooke Shena , Huang Jasmine , Meinzer Marcus
Published: March 2020

A prominent theory claims that the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) is especially associated with embodied processes relevant to perspective-taking. In the present study, we use high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation to provide evidence that the rTPJ is causally associated with the embodied processes underpinning perspective-taking. Eighty-eight young human adults were stratified to receive either rTPJ or dorsomedial PFC anodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation in a sham-controlled, double-blind, repeated-measures design. Perspective-tracking (line-of-sight) and perspective-taking (embodied rotation) were assessed using a visuo-spatial perspective-taking task that required understanding what another person could see or how they see it, respectively. Embodied processing was manipulated by positioning the participant in a manner congruent or incongruent with the orientation of an avatar on the screen. As perspective-taking, but not perspective-tracking, is influenced by bodily position, this allows the investigation of the specific causal role for the rTPJ in embodied processing. Crucially, anodal stimulation to the rTPJ increased the effect of bodily position during perspective-taking, whereas no such effects were identified during perspective-tracking, thereby providing evidence for a causal role for the rTPJ in the embodied component of perspective-taking. Stimulation to the dorsomedial PFC had no effect on perspective-tracking or taking. Therefore, the present study provides support for theories postulating that the rTPJ is causally involved in embodied cognitive processing relevant to social functioning.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe ability to understand another's perspective is a fundamental component of social functioning. Adopting another perspective is thought to involve both embodied and nonembodied processes. The present study used high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) and provided causal evidence that the right temporoparietal junction is involved specifically in the embodied component of perspective-taking. Specifically, HD-tDCS to the right temporoparietal junction, but not another hub of the social brain (dorsomedial PFC), increased the effect of body position during perspective-taking, but not tracking. This is the first causal evidence that HD-tDCS can modulate social embodied processing in a site-specific and task-specific manner.
Ψ-Xenin-6 enhances sitagliptin effectiveness, but does not improve glucose tolerance
Authors: Craig Sarah L , Gault Victor A , Hamscher Gerd , Irwin Nigel
Published: March 2020

Recent studies have characterised the biological properties and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) potentiating actions of an enzymatically stable, C-terminal hexapeptide fragment of the gut hormone xenin, namely Ψ-xenin-6. Given the primary therapeutic target of clinically approved dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor drugs is augmentation of the incretin effect, the present study has assessed the capacity of Ψ-xenin-6 to enhance the antidiabetic efficacy of sitagliptin in high fat fed (HFF) mice. Individual administration of either sitagliptin or Ψ-xenin-6 alone for 18 days resulted in numerous metabolic benefits and positive effects on pancreatic islet architecture. As expected, sitagliptin therapy was associated with elevated circulating GIP and GLP-1 levels, with concurrent Ψ-xenin-6 not elevating these hormones or enhancing DPP-4 inhibitory activity of the drug. However, combined sitagliptin and Ψ-xenin-6 therapy in HFF mice was associated with further notable benefits, beyond that observed with either treatment alone. This included body weight change similar to lean controls, more pronounced and rapid benefits on circulating glucose and insulin as well as additional improvements in attenuating gluconeogenesis. Favourable effects on pancreatic islet architecture and peripheral insulin sensitivity were more apparent with combined therapy. Expression of hepatic genes involved in gluconeogenesis and insulin action were partially, or fully, restored to normal levels by the treatment regimens, with beneficial effects more prominent in the combination treatment group. These data demonstrate that combined treatment with Ψ-xenin-6 and sitagliptin did not alter glucose tolerance but does offer some metabolic advantages, which merit further consideration as a therapeutic option for type 2 diabetes.
ПОВЕДІНКОВА ЕКОНОМІКА: ЕПІСТЕМІЧНИЙ ПОВОРОТ У ТРАКТУВАННІ РАЦІОНАЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: БЕЗГІН Костянтин , УШКАЛЬОВ Володимир
Published: March 2020

Метою статті є формулювання гіпотези щодо співвідношення і динамічного балансу між нормативною та дескриптивною епістемологією, який встановлюється в процесі трактування раціональної поведінки людини для створення та накопичення конгруентного економічного знання.В умовах зростаючої складності й невизначеності зовнішнього середовища збільшується роль навичок критичного мислення, які інтенсифікують когнітивну коеволюцію людини й оточення за допомогою нейтралізації еволюційно сформованих когнітивних дисфункцій. Як аксіологічне ядро пропонується використовувати теорію раціонального вибору – еталон людської поведінки, що сприяє дифузії складності й невизначеності навколишнього середовища. Однак наявність аксіологічного ядра є необхідною, але недостатньою умовою, що дозволяє адекватно інтегрувати його із суб’єктним субстратом. Для цього необхідним є релевантне знання тих поведінкових особливостей, які представлені епістемічною периферією, що динамічно змінюється, а також перманентно виявляє і фіксує властивості й характеристики нейронного субстрату, його феноменологію та поведінкові особливості. Знання, яке накопичується на епістемічній периферії економічної науки, дозволяє зробити адекватне перезавантаження програм людського розуму для приведення їх у відповідність із сучасними вимогами, які ставляться до когнітивних здібностей економічних агентів, а також створити внутрішньо цілісну і несуперечливу систему економічних знань, яка враховуватиме складність і багатоаспектність розвитку людинорозмірних систем.Епістемічний баланс нормативної та дескриптивної епістемології в контексті трактування раціональної поведінки може полягати в гіпотезі, яка усуває дихотомію нормативного і позитивного економічного знання та базується на врахуванні структури когнітивних процесів людини, а також зростаючих складності й невизначеності зовнішнього середовища.