bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in total cholesterol of Vietnamese adults
Authors: Tran Nga Thi Thu , Blizzard Christopher Leigh , Luong Khue Ngoc , Truong Ngoc Le Van Ngoc , Tran Bao Quoc , Otahal Petr , Nelson Mark R. , Magnussen Costan G. , Van Bui Tan , Srikanth Velandai , Au Thuy Bich , Ha Son Thai , Phung Hai Ngoc , Tran Mai Hoang , Callisaya Michele , Gall Seana
Published: August 2021

Background

The mid-life emergence of higher levels of total cholesterol (TC) for women than for men has been observed in different Western and Asian populations. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is evidence of this in Vietnam and, if so, whether it can be explained by ageing, by body size and fatness, or by socio-demographic characteristics and behavioural factors.

Methods

Participants (n = 14706, 50.9% females) aged 25–64 years were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling from eight provinces each representing one of the eight geographical regions of Vietnam. Measurements were made using the World Health Organization STEPS protocols. Linear regression was used to assess the independent contributions of potential explanatory factors to mean levels of TC. Data were analysed using complex survey methods.

Results

Men and women had similar mean levels of body mass index (BMI), and men had modestly higher mean levels of waist circumference (WC), in each 5-year age category. The mean TC of women increased more or less continuously across the age range but with a step-up at age 50 years to reach higher concentrations on average than those of their male counterparts. The estimated step-up was not eliminated by adjustment for anthropometric indices including BMI or WC, or by adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics or behavioural factors. The estimated step-up was least for women with the greatest weight.

Conclusion

There is a marked step-up in TC at age 50 years for Vietnamese women that cannot be explained by their age, or by their body fatness or its distribution, or by their socio-demographic characteristics or behavioural factors, and which results in greater mean levels of TC for middle-aged women than for their male counterparts in Vietnam.
Risk factors in adolescents as predictors of arterial hypertension in adults: Protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Costa Márcia Gisele Santos da , Caro J. Jaime , Bloch Katia Vergetti
Published: August 2021

This is a protocol of a review paper, and there is no abstract. This review is part of a doctoral project that aims to develop a discrete event simulation model to predict how many adolescents may become hypertensive in adulthood. We will use data from the Brazilian study of cardiovascular risks in adolescents, called ERICA (Portuguese acronym). This study may help promote adherence to disease prevention protocols.
Extra-illustrations to Charles Robert Cockerell’s Ionian Antiquities and James Cavanah Murphy’s Arabian Antiquities of Spain in the collections of the Gennadius Library and the Yale Center for British Art
Authors: Mulvin Lynda S.
Published: August 2021

This article focuses on unpublished extra-illustrations relating to two architectural monographs, currently in the collections of the Gennadius Library (Athens, Greece) and the Yale Center for British Art (New Haven, CT, USA). The first section examines two unique copies of Ionian Antiquities (1769) by Richard Chandler, Nicholas Revett and William Pars, both grangerized by Charles Robert Cockerell (1788–1863); the second section considers a special copy of The Arabian Antiquities of Spain (1815) by James Cavanah Murphy (1760–1814). These enhanced volumes embody early nineteenth-century concepts of authorship and shed light on the working methodologies of their creators. In his personal copies, Cockerell noted differences in admeasurements of the monuments as recorded by Chandler and Revett for use in Neoclassical architectural practice, and brought to light new discoveries made during his Ionian Grand Tour. In Murphy’s own volume of The Arabian Antiquities of Spain, the supplementary sketches, drawings and additional illustrations enliven the plates, place them in context and inform the printing process.
‘The Great Bowyer Bible’: Robert Bowyer and the Macklin Bible1
Authors: Billingsley Naomi
Published: August 2021

This article examines an iconic example of grangerizing: the Macklin Bible extra-illustrated in 45 volumes by London artist and bookseller Robert Bowyer (1758–1834) in the first quarter of the nineteenth century (Bolton Libraries and Museums, Bolton, United Kingdom). The principal focus is on the Bowyer Bible as an example of an extra-illustrator’s close engagement with its source publication. The author argues that Bowyer’s practice responds not only to the Bible or the King James Bible, in general, but also to the Macklin Bible, in particular. The article discusses how the Bowyer Bible engages with the Macklin Bible specifically and how it reflects a broader range of concerns in its visual engagement with the Bible. It demonstrates that Bowyer’s curation of biblical visual material evidences both his professional interests as a connoisseur of prints and his personal interests in the visual culture of the Bible that reflect his own piety as well as contemporaneous developments in the study of the scriptures. Other matters discussed in the article are the original function of this Bible, as well as the extent to which it reflects and is distinctive from contemporaneous extra-illustrated books.
Where the book ends and the album begins: Extra-illustrating the work of James MacPherson LeMoine1 in nineteenth-century Quebec
Authors: Knazook Elizabeth
Published: August 2021

This article is a case study of photographs as extra-illustrations using as an example the third volume in the series of Maple Leaves books by Sir James MacPherson LeMoine (1825–1912), published in 1865 under the subtitle Canadian History and Quebec Scenery, which was the first literary work in Canada to be commercially illustrated with photographs. Original albumen photographs made by photographer Jules-Isaïe Benoît dit Livernois (1830–65) depicted many of the country villas described by the author in the section referred to as ‘Our Country Seats’. The readers of Maple Leaves turned this work into a complex and intimate record of a community by liberally augmenting the official photographs with individual prints selected independently for their copies. The surviving books collectively serve as a kind of regional album, preserving the tastes and aspirations of some of the 500 subscribers living in and around Quebec City in the mid-nineteenth century.
Suzuki-Miyaura Cross Coupling Reaction in Various Green Media
Authors: Bhatt Nikita , Smriti  , Khare Richa , Kamboj Monika
Published: August 2021

Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction is an efficient and utilized method for the direct formation of
carbon-carbon bonds. The effectiveness and efficiency of Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction
and its applications have been the topic of interest for synthetic chemists for the last few decades.
Green chemistry is the area where we use eco-friendly products. Suzuki coupling includes palladium
or nickel catalyzed coupling reaction, which involves ester of boric acids or simply boric acids with
the organic halides or pseudohalide. In recent years, these catalytic systems have been developed in a
green environment for Suzuki reaction (Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction). This review
epitomizes the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction using efficient catalysts in various green media.
Synthesis, Characterization and Anticancer Activity of (5,1-Substituted)-3-(indoline-4-(thiophene-2-yl-methylene)-2-(p-tolyl)-2-methylene)-4,3-dihydro-1H-imidazole-5-one Derivatives
Authors: Bayya Chandraprakash , Manda Sarangapani
Published: August 2021

The synthesis of novel imidazole-5-one derivatives (5a-j) was allowed in a conventional method by
way of Erlenmeyer and Schiff base mechanism. Compound 2a was synthesized by Erlenmeyer reaction
of N-(4-methoxy benzoyl)glycine with 2-thiophene-carboxaldehyde in the presence of acetic anhydride
and anhydrous sodium acetate. Finally, it undergoes dehydration reaction with Schiff bases of isatin
derivatives (4a-j) to yield final compounds 5a-j. The organic potentials of the newly synthesized
imidazole-5-one derivatives have been evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity by MTT assay
method. It against MCF-7 cells as comparison with doxorubicin popular drug. The synthesized
compounds 5e, 5f and 5j exhibited excellent anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell lines.
Spectrophotofluorometric Study of Amaranth with
Fluorescent Carbon Dots and its Analytical Application
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Gupta Usha
Published: August 2021

Hydrothermal carbonization of bottle gourd as the carbon source has been performed to synthesize
fluorescent carbon dots . The carbon dots were formed in the form of yellow brown aqueous solution,
soluble in water and stable towards light. Characterization of fluorescent carbon dots was done using
TEM, UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Spectrophotofluorometric method has been followed
for the study of common food colorant Amaranth present in foodstuffs using fluorescent carbon dots.
Conditions optimized during analysis were reaction pH, concentration of Amaranth, concentration of
C-dots, thermal effect, time period, etc. Results showed that Amaranth could result in fluorescence
quenching of carbon dots due to interaction of surface –COOH, –SO3H group with Amaranth dye.
The present method offers good linear range of 0.20-25.0 μM with LOD 0.019 μM and highly selective
and therefore, method have been applied successfully for the detection of Amaranth in foodstuffs.
Tin Doped Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) Synthesized through
Molten Salt Method as Promising Dielectric Material
Authors: Tomar Richa , Surana Karan , Gupta Pankaj , Singh N.B.
Published: August 2021

Tin doped barium titanate (BaTiO3) was prepared through NaCl-KCl eutectic melt at 800 ºC. The
synthesized materials were well characterized using powder-X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and
FESEM-EDX spectroscopy. Cubic structure was observed in the PXRD pattern of tin doped sample.
The crystallite size of tin doped barium titanate nanoparticles was found to be around 17 nm. Nanorods
and aggregated nanocubes like structure were observed in the FESEM images and elemental ratio of
doped ions was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDX). Electrical properties observed
for the synthesized material were found better than those reported in the literature prepared by other
methods. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss were measured in the temperature range of 100-400
K and the frequencies varying from 10 kHz to 10,000 kHz. The tin doped barium titanate showed rod
type morphology with an unprecedented high dielectric constant of ~17,500 at 10 Hz. Dielectric
constant values decreased with increasing frequency. The change in dielectric constant with frequency
was well explained by Maxwell-Wanger polarization effect. The impedance and ionic transference
number (tion) were also measured.
Density Functional Theory (DFT) Study of Electronic and Optical Properties of Donor
(D)- Acceptor (A) Monomers Based on 2,7-Carbazole Linked with Some Acceptor Groups
Authors: Annam Charitha , Krishna N. Murali , Subbarao Mannam
Published: August 2021

In present study, a progression of low bandgap carbazole molecules was developed and rendered to
increase their performance for organic solar cells. Thus, a design of D-A monomers from 2,7-carbazole
donors (D) and a few acceptors (A) based D-A monomers was attempted. The calculation of the
electronic and optical properties of the D-A monomers considered was based on the techniques of
DFT and TD-DFT at the level of B3LYP with a basis set of 6-31G (d) in the gas and chlorobenzene.
The HOMO and LUMO orbital energies, the bandgap energy (Eg), and the open-circuit voltage (VOC)
were calculated in the gas and solvent phase. The impacts of the acceptor groups on the calculations
and optoelectronic properties of these D-A monomers are discussed in the study of the link between
the electronic structure and the optoelectronic properties. Some of these D-A monomers suggested
that the after-effects of this work are a good possibility for formation of organic solar cells.
Oxidation of Cyclohexanol and Cyclohexanone by Monochromate Ions in Organic Solvents and
on Solvent Free Microwave Irradiation under Phase Transfer Catalysis - A Comparative Study
Authors: Bashpa P. , Rajendran P. , Bijudas K.
Published: August 2021

Oxidation of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone were carried out by acidified monochromate ions in
ethyl acetate and toluene under phase transfer catalysis and also in solvent free condition under
microwave irradiation. The extraction of monochromate ions from aqueous medium to organic phase
was carried by employing various phase transfer catalysts in the presence of mineral acids. The effect
of [catalyst] and [mineral acid] on extraction of monochromate from aqueous phase to organic phase
was also studied. The product obtained, namely adipic acid obtained with both reactants was
characterized by its melting point and infrared spectral technique. The reaction was over within 15
min with more than 85% yield at a temperature of 323 K under microwave irradiation where as it gave
around 70% yield at 353 K within 150 min under phase transfer catalysis condition. The enhanced
reaction rate and high yield of product substantiate the application of phase transfer catalytic technique
under microwave irradiation for organic synthesis. A suitable mechanism for the oxidation of substrates
by monochromate under phase transfer catalysis is also suggested.
Oxidation of Cinacalcet Hydrochloride by Chloramine-B in
Acid Medium: A Kinetic and Mechanistic Study
Authors: Kallesha Nichhapurada , Prasad Ningegowda , Shivakumara N. , Narasimhamurthy Kereyagalahally H.
Published: August 2021

Kinetic and mechanistic study of cinacalcet hydrochloride by chloramine-B (CAB) in HCl medium at
308 K was the aim of this work. Analyzed the reaction at five different temperatures and determined
the thermodynamic parameters using Arrhenius plots. The reaction had a stoichiometry of 1:2 and
characterized the oxidation product using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The rate law
is deduced from the marked effects, which were accompanied by plausible mechanisms.
Antibacterial Activity against Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis and Inhibitory
Activity of Monoamine Oxidase A & B by Persea americana “Avocado” Seed Extracts
Authors: Nogbou N-D. , Mkhombo Z.T. , Olivier M.T. , Ogunrombi M.O. , Maseko R.B. , Musyoki A.M.
Published: August 2021

This study reported various Persia americana seed extracts for the presence and total content of
phytochemicals, antibacterial activity and inhibitory activity against monoamine oxidase (MAO) A &
B enzymes. Phytochemical studies showed that phenols, flavonoids and tannins were found in all the
polar solvents. The highest antibacterial activity was exhibited against Gram-positive bacteria by acetone
extract on Enterococcus faecium and methanol extract on Enterococcus faecalis. From the monoamine
inhibition experiments, a significant inhibitory activity was observed from ethanolic extracts against
MAO-A and from n-hexane extracts against MAO-B. This study demonstrates the antimicrobial activity
of P. americana seed extracts against enterococci bacteria, E. faecium and E. faecalis. This finding
offers hope of a potential new antibacterial compound in the treatment of these multidrug resistant
bacteria.
Single Pot Synthesis of Gellan Gum Coated Silver Nanoparticles and its Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Muralidharan D. , Raiza A. Jaculin , Pandian K.
Published: August 2021

A single pot synthesis of gellan gum coated silver nanoparticles using aniline as a reducing agent has
been investigated in present study. The reaction was facile at 80 ºC under reflux condition and the
complete reduction of silver ions was noted within 2 h. The resulting gellan gum protected silver
nanoparticle was isolated and analyzed with various analytical tools. The antimicrobial activity of the
prepared nanocomposite had shown an excellent activity against some selected pathogenic
microorganisms.
in vitro DNA Binding, Anticancer and Molecular Docking Studies of New Sydnone Compounds
Authors: Hossain Syed Lidia , Mathews Manoj , Swamy B.N.Veerabhadra , Kirankumar B. , Yelmaggad C.V. , Singh C. Rajendra
Published: August 2021

Sydnones have been a novel class of mesoionic compound due to versatility of their applications in
various fields. Sydnone derivative have seen as an interesting structure grouped in the heterocyclic
community, which is having regions of both positive and negative charges linked with a
poly-heteroatomic system. This structural characteristic allows them to cross biological membranes and
interact with biomolecules. Four sydnones namely 3-(4-decyloxybiphenyl-4′-yl) sydnone (MC-176),
3-(4-octyloxy-2,3-difluorobiphenyl-4′-yl) sydnone (MC-192), 3-(4-biphenyl-4′-yl) sydnone (MC-450)
and 3-(4-butylbiphenyl-4′-yl) sydnone (MC-456) were evaluated for biophysical interactions between
DNA and sydnones and antiproliferative activity. The UV-visible spectroscopic study indicates
interaction between sydnone and dsDNA with a slight red and hypochromic shift in absorption spectra,
which shows the intercalation mode of binding. The binding constant of DNA-Sydnone complexes
were in the range from 1.4 × 104 M–1 to 7.1 × 104 M–1 for different sydnone compounds (MC-176,
MC-192, MC-450, MC-456). FTIR spectra indicated that sydnone interaction with DNA occurs through
base pairs and the phosphate backbone of the DNA. The cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of a sydnone
derivatives on human cervical cancer (HeLa) and breast tumor (BT) 474 cancer cell lines were
determined. The compounds possess antiproliferative activity in a concentration-dependent mode.
The changes of morphological characteristic of cancer cells were determined by fluorescent staining
techniques indicate the apoptotic cell death. The molecular docking studies of sydnone compounds
with caspase 3 and EGF-TK showed better interactions (according to docking score) along with
commercially available breast cancer drug molecule anastrozole. The docking score of sydnone molecules
(MC-456, MC-450, MC-192 and MC-176) with EGF-TK enzyme were -6.44, -6.42, -5.46 and -4.53,
respectively. The binding energy of anastrozole with EGF-TK was -6.41. As well Caspase 3 inhibition
with sydnone compounds MC-456, MC-450, MC-192 and MC-176 were -6.09, -6.48, -5 and -3.49,
respectively. The binding energy of anastrozole with caspase 3 was -6.24. All sydnone compounds
were studied for ADME toxicity studies along with Lipinski rule of five to assess their drug likeness
properties by in silico approach. MC-450 found to have good ADMET (absorption, distribution,
metabolism, excretion and toxicology) properties among all the sydnone compounds. Thus, the present
work indicates that these sydnone compounds would be a well prospective in developing anticancer
medicines.
Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Antimicrobial,
Anticancer Activity of Random Copolyester using Orcinol
Authors: Sivaramakrishnan T. , Elango G.
Published: August 2021

In present study, a novel random copolyester i.e. poly(3-oxy-5-methylphenyl-4-oxynaphthal-1-
yl)isophthalate (PONI) was synthesized through solution polycondensation methodology involving
orcinol, 1,4-naphthalene diol and isophthaloyl chloride and its solubility in common solvents along
with viscosity measurements were performed. The structure of the repeat units in the polyester chain
were ascertained based on the spectral characterization of UV-visible, FTIR, 1H & 13C NMR techniques.
Thermal analysis of the copolyester were performed by TGA and DSC studies. The activation energy
for thermal decomposition of polyester was estimated by well-known kinetic methods. The surface
morphology and crystalline nature of the polymer were explored by employing SEM and WAXD
methods. The antimicrobial efficacy of copolyester was assessed through well-diffusion method using
a Gram-positive and a Gram-negative bacteria. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the polyester prepared was
verified against HeLa cell line using MTT assay.
Characterization, Molecular Docking, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Studies on 5-Bromo
salicylaldehyde-furan-2-yl-methanamine Condensed Schiff Base Rare Earth Metal Complexes
Authors: Preethi B. , Jayaprakash R. , Rani S. Kutti , Vijayakumar N.
Published: August 2021

This work described the synthesis and characterization of 1-(furan-2-yl) methanamine condensed
with 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde Schiff base rare earth metal (Ln3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Sm3+ and Eu3+)
complexes.. They were characterized using relevant spectral techniques and docked against microbial
target proteins (1H9Z, 3ZBO) theoretically. The experimental antibacterial and anticancer activities
(HeLa, MCF7) of these metal complexes were investigated for biological efficacy. Out of five metal
complexes, Pr3+ complex exposed good biological efficacy result in both assays.
THE EXPLOITATION OF AUDIENCE AS DIGITAL LABOUR IN INDONESIAN YOUTUBE PLATFORM
Authors: Febriyanti Syafrida Nurrachmi
Published: August 2021

Abstract. In today's digital era, the internet is present in new media and has eliminated the boundaries between production and consumption space. Audiences are no longer just consumers but also actively participate in producing digital content that is uploaded and shared with other audiences. YouTube as one of the most consumed platforms by the audience has driven cultural change in the digital society. YouTube audiences are no longer simply enjoying content produced by the media as in the era of Television but they are watching content produced by other YouTube audiences. The YouTube audience is no longer the role of consumers but also as digital labours who are exploited above economic interests. This study aims to determine the role of the audience as digital labours in the YouTube industry in Indonesia. The research method used is digital discourse which will help researchers to uncover the motivations behind a text. The research results show that the YouTube audience is exploited in the accumulation of capital owners because their activities in producing culture and their attention to cultural content that generates data to attract advertisers' attention have resulted in profits for capital.
VIRTUAL TOUR: TOURISM COMMUNICATION MEDIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN INDONESIA
Authors: Irwan Irwan , Novianti Evi
Published: August 2021

The covid-19 outbreak that currently hits Indonesia and the world has remained the community to be active to anticipate the spread of this virus. This condition certainly has an impact on tourism destinations and also stakeholders in the tourism sector with no tourist visits in the destination. To face these conditions related to The Covid-19 pandemic, tourism actors must start aggressively looking for new strategies to survive and rise from adversity.  Switching to digital media and making new innovations in digital use is considered to be the most suitable choice during this pandemic. One of the digital innovations that can be made by tourism actors is creating a virtual tour. Virtual tours provide the sensation of traveling for tourists without having to leave the house so that they can prevent the spread of this virus. By using a qualitative descriptive method, this research is a phenomenological study that tries to find out about the perceptions of these virtual tourists in experiencing the virtual tour as a tourism communication medium during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. As a result, even though they cannot feel the sensation and satisfaction of carrying out real tourism activities, virtual tour phenomena activities are quite enough to foster people's to be able to travel again when the conditions are back to normal.
Transporting Problem Based Learning to the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries (GCC): Using Cultural Scripts to Analyze Cultural Complexities
Authors: Romanowski Michael H. , Karkouti Ibrahim M.
Published: August 2021

The globalization of education has increased large-scale education reforms worldwide. Over the past 15 years, Gulf Cooperation Council Countries (GCC) have invested significant resources in reforming their education systems. This has led to extensive borrowing of pedagogical approaches to initiate and implement educational change. This article evokes several cultural learning scripts to identify the challenges that arise when pedagogical approaches are adopted and implemented. Specifically, problem-based learning (PBL) is examined against the backdrop of these cultural scripts to examine the cultural complexities of PBL in a GCC context. Discussion is provided that addresses several fundamental concerns that should be considered in order to reduce the cultural challenges and improve the implementation of PBL in GCC contexts. trends towards collaborative tools, while also describing opportunities and challenges with digital literacy. Finally, teachers described strategic approaches to assessment in light of the ill-structured problems posed by PBL. Implications for practice and theory are discussed.
Editor's Note
Authors: Werner (1–2) Marta
Published: August 2021

Editor's Note
Keeping Knowledge Secret in Edo-Period Japan
Authors: Kornicki (3–19) Peter
Published: August 2021

Why were certain kinds of knowledge kept secret during the Edo period and what impact did secretive practices have on the relationship between manuscript and print? In this article these questions are explored through a close examination of selected manuscripts in various genres, including medicine, etiquette, flower arrangement, and poetry. From this it becomes clear that some knowledge leaked out into the world of print, either by accident or by design, and that in other cases secrecy was more effectively maintained. But even the appearance of printed books did not necessarily undermine manuscript transmission of knowledge, for person-to-person transmission via oral teaching as well access to manuscript embodiments of knowledge remained standard through the period in most knowledge traditions.
The Work and the Listener
Authors: Galey (50–64) Alan
Published: August 2021

Paul Eggert’s The Work and the Reader in Literary Studies offers an important perspective on the value of the work-concept in textual scholarship. This response to his book, written for a seminar at the 2021 Society for Textual Scholarship conference, takes up threads leading outward from his argument, and in three sections considers the potential of bibliography beyond books, textual scholarship beyond editing, and archives beyond metaphor.
Characters as Works and Versions
Authors: Young (230–41) John K.
Published: August 2021

The editorial conception of works — as immaterial entities emerging from encounters with material documents or other instantiations — parallels conceptions of characters in narrative studies, which similarly derive from particular textual engagements to produce more general understandings. After surveying a range of examples from 20th- and 21st-century fiction, this essay outlines the affordances of a more editorially informed approach to the concept of character within narratology.
Genius Trouble
Authors: Dean (242–69) Gabrielle
Published: August 2021

This essay assesses the contradiction between the widespread critical acceptance of the post-structuralist mortification of authorship, on one hand, and the rise and continued purchase of authorship-focused scholarship, on the other. What seems to be missing is a theory of authorship that takes into account the fact that authors themselves have had to reckon with authorship as a construction, particularly the ideological emphasis on genius as it was commercialized during the “industrial era” of print publication. Several stories by Henry James that stage author-reader relations offer glimpses of his idea of authorship and suggest that, for him, authorial self-consciousness plays out as a queer performance.
Fiction, Non-Fiction, and Family Writing
Authors: Dumbill (140–46) Eleanor
Published: August 2021

The boundaries of literary genres have long been contested. Stylometric investigations of genres — for example, to identify genre through distant reading — is by no means a new area for research. Computational methods are especially useful for large corpora that have not previously been the subject of many enquiries. This might mean the work of a non-canonical author or work that has not been published. Both are true of the primary text used in this paper: a notebook of anecdotes kept by Frances Eleanor Trollope between January 1879 and March 1890. These anecdotes were written in a prose style but were only intended for the consumption of family. While these methods have been used to analyze unpublished works the aim of this research is often to attribute authorship. This paper uses stylometry to compare Trollopewith her published works of both fiction and non-fiction.
Marianne Moore’s Ghost Revisions
Authors: Frey (174–88) Lauren
Published: August 2021

The Rosenbach Museum and Library contains The Marianne Moore Library (MML), the largest collection of Marianne Moore’s personal objects and literary papers. Among these objects and papers are the poet’s personal copies of each of her published books. One of the first observations to be made about Moore’s revising method is her habit of revising on copies of her books from her first publication, Poems (1921), through her final publication, Complete Poems (1967), often neatly writing in an updated word or phrase in small cursive handwriting. Indeed, her lifelong habit of using published texts as sites of revision began with Poems (1921) not long after it was published. To date, I have not found a study that addresses these revisions made upon her own copies of her books, especially Poems (1921) and both editions of Observations (1924 and 1925). In order to better understand Moore’s revision process in her early years before becoming editor of The Dial, their curious presence becomes a prerequisite for reading and positing a chronology to the revisions on her manuscripts and typed scripts of her other early poetry. This essay intends to explore the revisions that Moore made on her two copies of Poems (1921) and on Observations (1924).
VECHINSKI, Matthew James. 2020. Twentieth-Century American Fiction in Circulation: Short Stories Written for Magazines and Republished in Linked Story Collections.
Authors: Young (295–98) John K.
Published: August 2021

Book Review
Olho no futuro
Authors: Moraes Sylvio Luiz Costa de
Published: August 2021

Para seguirmos na construção de uma publicação de sucesso, é necessário o cumprimento de exigências ditas inflexíveis. Além da excelência técnico-científica do Corpo Editorial e do controle de qualidade dos manuscritos, no processo de revisão por pares é importante que os revisores, que constituem o padrão de qualidade do periódico, tenham o domínio pleno do teor das normas para publicação. A equipe editorial tem trabalhado continuamente na adequação das normas e, por esse motivo, estar atualizado com seu conteúdo é fundamental. Cumprir e fazer cumprir as instruções aos colaboradores, na submissão de manuscritos, deve ser um dos compromissos dos revisores.
A palavra do presidente
Authors: Araújo Marcelo Marotta
Published: August 2021

Caros membros, Quando assumimos a gestão, no meio da pandemia causada pelo Coronavírus, sabíamos das dificuldades. Só não imaginávamos que seriam tantos os desafios. A primeira decisão difícil foi o adiamento do COBRAC–Belém, que será realizado em 2024. O COBRAC 2022, em Florianópolis, está mantido e iremos monitorar a situação até o ano que vem. O objetivo principal é proteger todos os envolvidos nesses grandes eventos.
Uma entrevista com Rogério Belle de Oliveira
Authors: Ribeiro Jonathan
Published: August 2021

O que será o projeto de Educação Continuada (EC) da gestão 2021/2022 do CBCTBMF? A Educação Continuada (EC) do Colégio Brasileiro de CTBMF foi uma ideia que surgiu na diretoria da gestão passada. Assim que o Dr. Marcelo Marotta Araujo foi eleito, iniciou-se o desenvolvimento desse projeto e sua implantação como uma estrutura de atualização técnico-científica contínua para os membros do Colégio.
Avaliação microbiológica e antimicrobiana do Bio-Oss®: estudo in vitro
Authors: Pelegrini Graziella , Hashizume Lina Naomi , Só Marcus Vinicius Reis , Neto Angelo Menuci , Barletta Fernando Branco
Published: August 2021

Introdução: Os substitutos ósseos são materiais que devem apresentar-se semelhantes ao osso humano, a fim de permitirem sua substituição. Objetivo: O objeti- vo do presente estudo foi avaliar a contaminação do produto comercial Bio-Oss® ao longo do tempo e após a abertura. Material e Métodos: Doze frascos de Bio-Oss® foram testados em diferentes momentos: imediatamente após a abertura, 24h, 48h, 72h, 7d, 14d e 21 dias após. Suspensões do produto comercial foram semeadas em diferentes meios de cultura para avaliar leveduras, Streptococcus e crescimento total de microrganismos da cavidade bucal. As placas foram incubadas a 37oC por 48 horas e o número de microrganismos totais foi avaliado. O efeito antimicrobiano do produto também foi avaliado por meio do teste de difusão em ágar. Resultados: Não foi observado crescimento de microrganismos totais, Streptococcus ou leveduras ao longo dos tempos predeterminados (p > 0,99). O produto não apresentou inibição de microrganismos totais da cavidade bucal no teste de difusão em ágar (p = 0,1). Conclusão: Pode-se concluir que o Bio-Oss® não apresenta contaminação microbiana em um intervalo de até 21 dias, quando manipulado e armazenado de maneira asséptica.
Avaliação da prevalência e perfil de terceiros molares inferiores impactados, com o uso de radiografias panorâmicas
Authors: Ramos Ana Patrícia Magalhães , Pimenta Alynne Viera de Menezes , Cetira-Filho Edson Luiz , Kurita Lúcio Mitsuo , Costa Fábio Wilson Gurgel
Published: August 2021

Introdução: O terceiro molar inferior (TMI) apresenta o maior índice de casos de impacção, sendo frequentemente associado à pericoronarite, periodontite, neoplasia e reabsorção radicular, tornando sua remoção cirúrgica um dos procedimentos mais frequentes em Odontologia. Objetivo: Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi a avaliar a prevalência e o perfil de TMIs com o uso de radiografias panorâmicas (RP), pois, por meio delas, é possível classificá-los e estabelecer um planejamento cirúrgico. Material e Métodos: Para realizar um levantamento da prevalência de sexo e idade, variabilidade da posição e alterações patológicas associadas ao TMI impactado, foram selecionadas 678 RPs de ambos os sexos, com pelo menos um TMI impactado, cujos segundos molares adjacentes estavam presentes, uma vez que é necessário a presença desses para classificar o nível de impacção do TMI. Cada RP foi analisada por um examinador previamente calibrado (Kappa = 0,852). Resultados: Houve maior prevalência do sexo feminino e das posições mesioangular e horizontal e Classe II / posições A e B. No que diz respeito à incidência de alterações patológicas, os valores obtidos não foram elevados, mas houve maior incidência de cárie. Conclusão: O conhecimento dos dentistas sobre as posições e classificações dos TMI nas RPs, e consequentes alterações patológicas associadas, é essencial para estabelecer o correto diagnóstico e manejo clínico.
Proposta de um protocolo de planejamento para execução da cirurgia de aumento de coroa clínica estético
Authors: Guimarães Dennis , Rebollal Julio
Published: August 2021

Introdução: A cirurgia de aumento de coroa clínica com finalidade estética é baseada em parâmetros já descritos na literatura; porém, existe uma dificuldade de organizá-los e, a partir de então, criar um protocolo reprodutível, que torne o procedimento exequível para os cirurgiões-dentistas. Objetivo: Por meio da apresentação de um caso clínico, introduz-se a proposta de utilização de uma tabela, criada com o intuito de compilar tais parâmetros. Resultados: Em um primeiro momento, a tabela pode parecer complexa; todavia, a inserção e a análise correta de dados viabilizam o planejamento de forma clara e precisa. Conclusões: Embora venha sendo utilizada pelos autores há alguns anos, a validação da tabela deverá acontecer a partir do uso de outros profissionais da área.
Vehicle Trajectory Test on Interlocking Pavement Made From No Fine Agregate Concrete
Authors: Utomo Adityo Budi , Dhanardono Bhima , Hidayatiningrum Laely Fitria
Published: August 2021

In rainy season, many cases of roads being submerged in water because of a lack of drainage capacity and low water absorption by the subgrade. This study makes no fine aggregate concrete as an interlocking pavement to increase water absorption to the drainage layer and subgrade. No fine aggregate concrete is made from mix of cement : coarse aggregate = 1 : 6 with water cement ratio 0,4. The results showed the value of specific gravity, water absorption, compressive strength, and Na2SO4 resistance are 1,703 gr/cm3, 2.57%, 10.8 MPa, and 0.79%. To see the level of interlocking pavement performance, no fine aggregate concrete  is arranged above the drainage layer and the levelling layer, and then a trajectory and inundation test is performed. The result of inundation and trajectory tests shows that interlocking pavement can pass water to subgrade without inundation and can withstand the wheel loader that is equivalent to 13,000 kg so that it can be used for sidewalks, park lanes, and pavement with a maximum axle load of 8 tons.
Mode Selection Sensitivity Analysis between BRT and Private Vehicle (Case Study of Pontianak City CBD Area)
Authors: Suyono Rudi Sugiono , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Yustrinisa Wisa
Published: August 2021

This type of public transportation BRT mode began to be officially applied in Pontianak City to overcome traffic congestion. The problem is that many travelers prefer to use private vehicles rather than public transportation. This study aims to analyze the sensitivity of the mode selection model which explains the probability of choosing a BRT against aprivate vehicles if a BRT is presented in the Central Business District of Pontianak City. The mode selection method uses the Stated Preferences Technique in the form of a quetionnaire which is analyzed by multiple linear regression to obtain a utility equation. Based on the results of the sensitivity analysis of the mode selection model, the probability value of selecting BRT is 21,7%, if it is in conditions where the difference in the attributes offacilities and comfort (X1) is -10, this means that there are no facilities and conveniences of BRTsuch as private vehicles, thesecond is the difference in  thewaiting time attribute (X2) which is 15 minutes, the third condition is the difference in travel costs attribute (X3) namely Rp 0,- and the fourth condition is the difference in travel time attribute (X4), which is 10 minutes To increase the probability of choosing a BRT to 60%, it can be done by increasing the difference between the facilities and comfort attributes to 0 (zero), which means there is no difference in facilities and comfort that BRT has with private vehicles such as the availability of air conditioning, free WIFI, clean, fragrant, having a bag storage area  and others. This is because the most sensitive attributes compared to other attributes are facilities and comfort attributes.
Neue Quellenfunde zur frühen Rezeption der Kinder- und Hausmärchen der Brüder Grimm im China der ersten zwei Jahrzehnte des 20. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Wu Xiaoqiao
Published: August 2021

Die frühe chinesische Rezeption der Kinder- und Hausmärchen (KHM) der Brüder Grimm, die in das letzte Jahrzehnt der Qing-Dynastie fällt und bis zur 4. Mai-Bewegung 1919 (‌五四运动) dauerte, zeichnet sich durch eine auffallende Anonymität aus. Wegen der Ausblendung von Autoren- und unter Umständen zumeist auch von Übersetzernamen sowie verwirrenden Variationen bei Angabe der Gattungsbezeichnung Märchen fällt es bisherigen Forschern schwer, einschlägige Übersetzungs- und Rezeptionsbelege zu identifizieren. Der vorliegende Aufsatz unternimmt den Versuch, mittels neu recherchierter Befunde die Desiderate in der bisherigen Forschung zu beseitigen. Es wird ein besonderes Augenmerk gerichtet auf die in der bisherigen Forschung kaum beachtete originale Vorlage der ersten chinesischen KHM-Sammlung Shixie sowie auf einige zerstreut in Zeitschriften und Zeitungen publizierte Belegtexte, die hier zum ersten Mal zur Kenntnis genommen werden.
Simulation of heat transfer characteristics of tire particles in rotary kiln reactor
Authors: Fu Yuefeng , Wang Bing , Zheng Hongbin , Zeng Dewang , Xiao Rui
Published: August 2021

In this study, we examined and strengthened the motion and heat transfer characteristics of tire particles in a rotary kiln. To overcome the difficulty of controlling the residence time of tire pellets and poor heat transfer, a study was conducted on heat transfer enhancement owing to lifting flight in a rotary kiln with spiral grooves. We developed a particle mechanics model using the discrete element method, and then simulated tire particle motion and obtained results using the EDEM software platform. The obtained motion results were programmed on a MATLAB platform for performing a heat transfer simulation study on the improvement in heat transfer. The coupling model of motion and heat transfer of waste tire particles was established. Through the analysis of particle movement and heat transfer, the following conclusions are obtained: with the increase of the lifting flight, the particle swarm heats up faster and more uniformly; with the increase of the rotation speed, the temperature of the particles rises faster and more uniformly, which has only the same effect as the lifting flight; to a certain extent, the smaller particle size can also improve the heat transfer effect. The maximum error of the relatively accurate coupling model of tire particle motion and heat transfer in a rotary kiln was only 12%, which provides a certain guiding significance for the improved design of the reactor.
A case of monogenic diabetes mellitus caused by a novel heterozygous RFX6 nonsense mutation in a 14-year-old girl
Authors: Kim Goo Lyeon , Kwak Soo Heon , Yu Jeesuk
Published: August 2021

Objectives

Monogenic diabetes mellitus (DM) is a single gene disorder, primarily characterized by impairment in the development or function of pancreatic beta cells.

Case presentation

A 14-year-old girl was initially diagnosed with type 2 DM. The patient did not have any anti-islet autoantibody and showed acanthosis nigricans. She was managed with long-acting insulin and oral hypoglycemic agent, but HbA1c was still 9.3% after 1 year of management. Her mother already had type 2 DM at 46-year-old and was on medication. Under the possibility of familial monogenic DM, targeted exome sequencing was performed which included 29 genes associated with monogenic DM. Nonsense mutation of the gene RFX6 (c.2661T>A, p.Tyr887∗) was found. After adding Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, HbA1c improved from 8.8 to 6.8% and body mass index (BMI) also improved from 31.0 to 29.2 kg/m2.

Conclusions

It may be worth investigating genetic etiology in early-onset autoantibody-negative DM for specific genetic diagnosis and better management.
Mitigating the charge trapping effects of D-sorbitol/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) polymer blend contacts to crystalline silicon
Authors: Cohen Daniel , Thakur Esha , Walter Michael G.
Published: August 2021

Solution-processable conductive polymers are advantageous materials for making inexpensive, electrical junctions to crystalline semiconductors. We have investigated methods to improve the device performance of hybrid solar cells made from n-type silicon and a conductive polymer glue based on a blend of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and D-sorbitol. The PEDOT:PSS blend behaves like a high work function metal creating a Schottky-type junction. The addition of D-sorbitol increases PEDOT:PSS conductivity and provides adhesive properties, allowing the top contact of the solar cell to be laminated onto the silicon substrate. Unfortunately, the addition of the D-sorbitol to the PEDOT:PSS significantly alters the shape of the measured current-voltage performance curve of a crystalline silicon (n-Si)/PEDOT:PSS junction. Under illumination, this results in a decline in the fill factor (FF) and a drop in photocurrent density (J
sc) compared to PEDOT:PSS-only devices. We have discovered that the decline in device performance is likely due to surface trap states caused by D-sorbitol/silicon interaction and/or silicon oxidation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis shows that surface oxidation quickens, and possible silicon surface functionalization with D-sorbitol occurs while processing the D-sorbitol/PEDOT:PSS contact on H-terminated surfaces. To overcome these interface issues, the silicon surface was chemically modified using surface methylation, making it insensitive to D-sorbitol/silicon interactions and surface oxidation during the processing of the PEDOT:PSS polymer blend contact. This also enabled the crystalline silicon (n-Si)/s-PEDOT:PSS device performance to be maintained for longer periods. Using a silicon surface methylation strategy, good device performance could be achieved without changing the adhesive properties of D-sorbitol/PEDOT:PSS polymer blend.
Generation of an Iba1-EGFP Transgenic Rat for the Study of Microglia in an Outbred Rodent Strain
Authors: VanRyzin Jonathan W. , Arambula Sheryl E. , Ashton Sydney E. , Blanchard Alexa C. , Burzinski Max D. , Davis Katherine T. , Edwards Serena , Graham Emily L. , Holley Amanda , Kight Katherine E. , Marquardt Ashley E. , Perez-Pouchoulen Miguel , Pickett Lindsay A. , Reinl Erin L. , McCarthy Margaret M.
Published: August 2021

Neuroscience has been transformed by the ability to genetically modify inbred mice, including the ability to express fluorescent markers specific to cell types or activation states. This approach has been put to particularly good effect in the study of the innate immune cells of the brain, microglia. These specialized macrophages are exceedingly small and complex, but also highly motile and mobile. To date, there have been no tools similar to those in mice available for studying these fundamental cells in the rat brain, and we seek to fill that gap with the generation of the genetically modified Sprague Dawley rat line:SD-Tg(Iba1-EGFP)Mmmc. Using CRISPR-Cas/9 technology, we knocked inEGFPto the promoter of the geneIba1. With four male and three female founders confirmed by quantitative PCR analysis to have appropriate and specific insertion, we established a breeding colony with at least three generations of backcrosses to obtain stable and reliable Iba1-EGFP expression. The specificity of EGFP expression to microglia was established by flow cytometry for CD45low/CD11b+cells and by immunohistochemistry. Microglial EGFP expression was detected in neonates and persisted into adulthood. Blood macrophages and monocytes were found to express low levels of EGFP, as expected. Last, we show that EGFP expression is suitable for live imaging of microglia processes in acute brain slices and via intravital two-photon microscopy.