bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Ground Drinking Water Sources of Haridwar Using Heavy Metal Pollution Index
Authors: Gupta A. , Singh R. , Singh P. , Dobhal R.
Published: October 2020

Advance statistical technique as heavy metal pollution index (HPI) was used for assessment of suitability
of 17 ground water sources of district Haridwar for drinking purpose. Water samples were analyzed
for Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cr and Fe as water quality parameters using atomic absorption spectroscopy
(AAS) as per BIS and APHA standards. Results showed that the concentration of all the analyzed
heavy metals were found in all the selected ground drinking water sources below their standard limit
during the study, except one i.e. only lead was found (0.011 mg/L) more than its standard limit (0.01
mg/L) at H13 during PRM 2014. Suitability of studied drinking water sources have also been evaluated
on the rating scale along with determination of seasonal and spatial variations. Results may attribute
that HPI of the water sources were generally below its critical limit and studied water sources were
safe for human consumption with respect to analyzed heavy metals. The results of the present research
work provide significant information for water resources management, which helps to better meet the
future challenges.
Evaluation of Protein Microencapsulation Efficiency in
Alginate/Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Polymer Composite
Authors: GUERRERO RODEL D. , HENG PAUL WS , TUMOLVA TERENCE P.
Published: October 2020

Considering how much protein is loaded into the process, the crosslinking solution concentration and the weight percentage of the
alginate/hydroxyethyl cellulose coating material, this study presented the details of optimization of the microencapsulation process.
Optimization was done with an objective of maximizing the encapsulation efficiency of the microparticle fabricated using external
ionotropic gelation method. Results showed that the process is capable of achieving around 75% encapsulation efficiency when protein
loading is around 15 wt%, alginate/hydroxyethyl cellulos is about 2 wt% and the CaCl2 solution should be 3 wt%. This was done using
Box-Behnken methodology wherein the predicted model was found to have good predictive capability. Analysis also showed that the
process is affected by how much protein drug is loaded into the system and the interactions between crosslinking solution concentration with
bovine serum albumin (BSA) loading as well as the strong relationship between alginate/hydroxyethyl cellulos concentration with itself.
Társadalmi struktúra és jövedelemelosztás: Államilag intézményesített egyenlőtlenségek
Authors:   , Vastagh Zoltán
Published: October 2020

Az értekezés az „osztályviszonyok” értelmezésének régi témája körül forog. Közelebbről az kérdés áll a középpontjában, hogy milyen és mekkora szerepük van az államoknak a mai globális tőkés piacgazdaság keretei között országuk társadalmi szerkezetének alakításában. Még közelebbről a javak és jövedelmek elosztásának és újraelosztásának intézményi mechanizmusai, valamint az egyéni életesélyek egyenlőtlenségei közötti összefüggés mélyebb megértésére törekszik a rendszerváltás utáni magyar társadalom példáján keresztül. Mindehhez Polányi Károly piac és redisztribúció fogalmait hívja segítségül, melyeket az 1980-as években egyszer már gyümölcsözően alkalmazott a hazai szociológia az akkori államszocialista társadalom szerkezetének értelmezéséhez. Az értekezés tulajdonképpen ennek a régi modellnek, a 21. századi globális tőkés piacgazdaság, illetve a nyugat európai jóléti rezsimek keretei közötti adaptációjára tesz kísérletet. Ennek a célnak megfelelően az értekezés során egy új társadalmi-struktúra modell került konceptualizálására és operacionalizálására, amelyet erőforrás-integrációs modellnek nevezhetünk. A modellnek, az alapos elméleti és fogalmi megalapozást követően, a jövedelmek egyenlőtlenségeivel összefüggésben az empirikus ellenőrzés első próbáját is ki kellett állnia. Ennek során az értekezés fő állítása egyelőre megerősítést nyert; vagyis a magyar társadalom struktúrájának és „osztályviszonyainak” értelmezésekor nem elégedhetünk meg csupán a „gazdasági alap” kontúrjainak felvázolásával, mivel a politikai küzdelmek és társadalmi normák összjátékában alakuló állam a 21. század globalizálódott gazdaságában is képes a társadalomszerkezet és a társadalmi egyenlőtlenségek alakítására. A biztató magyarországi eredmények fényében úgy tűnik, hogy az erőforrás-integrációs modellt a továbbiakban érdemes lehet felhasználni a többi európai ország strukturális viszonyainak vizsgálatához és értelmezéséhez is.
Factors affecting efficient construction project design development: A perspective from India
Authors:   CEPT University, India, Pandit Devanshu , Yadav Sanjay ,   National Institute of Technology, India, Vallabhbhai Sardar ,   National Institute of Technology, India
Published: October 2020

nternationally projects exhibit time and cost overrun. It is observed that problems during design development contribute significantly to delays. In India, projects undertaken by government were largely planned and designed by departmental planners and engineers. However, after globalization, projects have increased in number resulting in design outsourcing, but with attendant challenges. The paper is aimed at identifying and analysing factors in the design development phase that can have impact on project success. 30 factors related to design development were identified through two separate brainstorming sessions. A questionnaire was then administered to determine importance ranking of these factors. Relative importance index (RII) was used to prioritise these factors. Top ten factors in design development identified using RII include structural design parameters, soil investigations, design quality control, topographic survey, and architectural design parameters. The results can help firms improve their design development practices by prioritising activities that could have more impact on project performance.
Individual and Partner Characteristics Associated With Intentions to Use PrEP Among Partnered Men, Trans Men, and Trans Women in Sero-Concordant and -Discordant Relationships in the United States
Authors: Westmoreland Drew A. , D'Angelo Alexa , Nash Denis , Grov Christian
Published: October 2020

Despite proven effectiveness in reducing HIV transmission, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use remains low among those who meet the recommended CDC guidance for PrEP use. Data are from a U.S. national cohort of men and trans persons who have sex with men (2017–2018). Logistic regression analyses were used to determine individual and partner factors associated with intentions to use PrEP among non-PrEP-using participants reporting a main partner (n = 1,671). Prior PrEP use among participants (14.2%) and their partners (7.7%) was low. Participants’ prior PrEP use and main partner's HIV-positive status were both positively associated with intentions to use PrEP. HIV prevention interventions incorporating main partners may be effective in increasing PrEP use.
Oxidative Stress Responses and Nutrient Starvation in MCHM Treated Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Ayers Michael C , Sherman Zachary N , Gallagher Jennifer E G
Published: October 2020

In 2014, the coal cleaning chemical 4-methylcyclohexane methanol (MCHM) spilled into the water supply for 300,000 West Virginians. Initial toxicology tests showed relatively mild results, but the underlying effects on cellular biology were underexplored. Treated wildtype yeast cells grew poorly, but there was only a small decrease in cell viability. Cell cycle analysis revealed an absence of cells in S phase within thirty minutes of treatment. Cells accumulated in G1 over a six-hour time course, indicating arrest instead of death. A genetic screen of the haploid knockout collection revealed 329 high confidence genes required for optimal growth in MCHM. These genes encode three major cell processes: mitochondrial gene expression/translation, the vacuolar ATPase, and aromatic amino acid biosynthesis. The transcriptome showed an upregulation of pleiotropic drug response genes and amino acid biosynthetic genes and downregulation in ribosome biosynthesis. Analysis of these datasets pointed to environmental stress response activation upon treatment. Overlap in datasets included the aromatic amino acid genes ARO1, ARO3, and four of the five TRP genes. This implicated nutrient deprivation as the signal for stress response. Excess supplementation of nutrients and amino acids did not improve growth on MCHM, so the source of nutrient deprivation signal is still unclear. Reactive oxygen species and DNA damage were directly detected with MCHM treatment, but timepoints showed these accumulated slower than cells arrested. We propose that wildtype cells arrest from nutrient deprivation and survive, accumulating oxidative damage through the implementation of robust environmental stress responses.
A szemészeti állapot és az életminőség kapcsolódó mérőszámai különböző korcsoportokban
Authors: Zeffer Tamás , Szalay László , Deák Klára , Vass Attila , Fejes Imre , Czibula Ágota , Zubreczki Anita , Facskó Andrea , Skribek Ákos
Published: October 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Az Egészségügyi Világszervezet adatai szerint 1,3
milliárd ember él a látásgyengeség valamilyen formájával, melynek mintegy 80%-a
megelőzhető lenne. Kutatások alátámasztják, hogy a látás csökkenése befolyásolja
az életminőséget, és megrövidíti a várható élettartamot.
Célkitűzés: A Szegedi Tudományegyetem több klinikájának
együttműködésével zajló, a 40 és 80 év közötti életkorú, dél-magyarországi
lakosság körében végzett felmérés (OTKA-NN-110932) szemészeti vizsgálati
eredményeinek rögzítése és ezek életminőséget befolyásoló hatásainak elemzése.
Módszer: Az Országos Tudományos Kutatási Alap által
finanszírozott keresztmetszeti kutatási programban összesen 731, 40 és 80 év
közötti személy vett részt. A bevont 731 alanyból 717 fő (397 nő és 320 férfi)
vett részt teljes körű szemészeti vizsgálaton és töltötte ki a NEI-VFQ-25
honosított kérdőívet. A statisztikai analízishez egy szempontos ANOVA- és
Mann–Whitney-próbát használtunk. A szignifikancia szintjeként a p<0,05
értéket határoztuk meg. Eredmények: A vizsgálatban részt vevő
személyeket 4 korcsoportra osztottuk: 1) 40–50 év, 2) 51–60 év, 3) 61–70 év, 4)
71–80 év. A szemszárazság, a lencsehomályok előfordulása, a szemüvegviselés, az
időskori maculadegeneratióra utaló eltérések jelenléte az életkor
előrehaladtával nőtt. A NEI-VFQ-25 kérdőív alskálái az életminőség romlását
mutatják a kor növekedésével és a szemészeti eltérések előfordulási
gyakoriságának fokozódásával összefüggésben. Következtetés: A
látás, mint a külvilág észlelésének meghatározó lehetősége, kiemelkedő helyet
foglal el az életminőséget befolyásoló tényezők között. Kutatásunk tendenciái
mutatják, hogy a látással kapcsolatos életminőséget jelző értékek a kor
előrehaladtával hogyan csökkennek. Ezért is tekintjük szükségesnek az idősebb
populáció rendszeres ellenőrzését, felismerendő és lehetőség szerint
kiküszöbölendő az életminőséget negatívan befolyásoló tényezőket. Orv Hetil.
2020; 161(43): 1824–1830.
Health care of sexual and gender minorities: an integrative literature review
Authors: Silva Jedison Feliciano , Costa Gabriela Maria Cavalcanti
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe health care practices aimed at lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transvestites, and transsexuals. Methods: an integrative literature review based on systematic steps, in MEDLINE, LILACS AND SciELO databases and/or electronic libraries. It was held from September to November 2018, with articles published between 2012 and 2017, available in full in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, addressing health care to that population group. Results: fourteen articles were included. Most of the articles were about the trajectory of individuals within health services and showed limitations and obstacles in the use of these services. Final Considerations: there is evidence that factors related to organization of services, attitude of professionals, stigma, and discrimination experienced undermine health care practices. Therefore, it is essential to carry out educational activities in health services and educational institutions.
Trajetórias de jovens pelas políticas sociais: garantia ou violação de direitos?
Authors: Silva Erlayne Beatriz Félix de Lima , Alberto Maria de Fatima Pereira , Costa Cibele Soares da Silva
Published: October 2020

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar trajetórias de acesso às políticas sociais de jovens em cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas, em momento anterior ao cumprimento destas, numa cidade do estado da Paraíba. Busca-se compreender de que modo as políticas sociais brasileiras têm oportunizado trajetórias de garantia de direitos e de condições favoráveis para o desenvolvimento da população infanto-juvenil. A perspectiva teórica utilizada foi a psicologia histórico-cultural de Vigotski. Realizaram-se entrevistas com dez jovens, as quais foram investigadas por meio de análise de conteúdo temática. Os resultados revelaram que os jovens participantes desta pesquisa acessaram equipamentos pertencentes às políticas sociais de saúde, educação e assistência social. Entretanto, apesar desse acesso, estas políticas sociais não se apresentaram como ferramentas efetivas para proteção e garantia de seus direitos, pois não possibilitaram o rompimento com as trajetórias de desproteção vivenciadas por eles.
Motivation for different physical activities: a comparison among sports, exercises and body/movement practices
Authors: Hsu Rafael Ming Chi Santos , Valentova Jaroslava Varella
Published: October 2020

Abstract Despite the well-known benefits for health, low levels of physical activity (PA) remain a public health issue. Research on motives for engaging in different PA shows differences in motives for Sports and Exercises. However, few studies addressed motives using more categories of PA. In this research, we investigated motives for four categories of PA (Individual Sports, Collective Sports, Exercises, and Body/Movement Practices), and possible effects of sex and age among 1,420 physically active individuals. Respondents answered the Motivation for Physical Activity Measure Revised. Intrinsic motives were higher for Sports, while Exercisers were motivated more extrinsically. Body/Movement Practices, although being composed of several activities defined by previous studies as Exercises, showed a motivational pattern closer to Sports. Fitness/Health motivation increased with age, while Appearance motivation decreased. Regarding sex, women reported higher Interest/Enjoyment than men. Our results can have implications for physical activities promotion, especially considering more categories than Sports/Exercises in the context of different motives.
Diagnóstico de autismo no século XXI: evolução dos domínios nas categorizações nosológicas
Authors: Fernandes Conceição Santos , Tomazelli Jeane , Girianelli Vania Reis
Published: October 2020

Resumo Os critérios que subsidiaram o diagnóstico do autismo passaram por diversas mudanças ao longo dos anos, acompanhando os pressupostos conceituais hegemônicos no período. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a evolução do diagnóstico do autismo no século XXI, a partir dos domínios e subdomínios em que se baseiam as categorizações nosológicas. Adicionalmente, são sinalizados instrumentos auxiliares utilizados e algumas tecnologias diagnósticas em desenvolvimento, além de modelos conceituais que tratam do perfil neuropsicológico. Trata-se de pesquisa documental, tendo como referência os manuais diagnósticos existentes no período. Os domínios de interação social, comunicação e padrão restrito e repetitivo de comportamento foram mantidos nos diferentes manuais diagnósticos abordados. Os subdomínios de interação social e comunicação foram reduzidos, enquanto o padrão restrito e repetitivo teve consolidação no DSM-5. Compreender a evolução dos critérios diagnósticos tende a promover o desenvolvimento da clínica, potencializando a antecipação do diagnóstico e as intervenções necessárias para um melhor prognóstico.
Biochemical characterization for determination of genetic distances among different indigenous chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties of North-West Pakistan
Authors: Shah S. M. S. , Ullah F. , Munir I.
Published: October 2020

Abstract Genetic distances among different chickpea varieties and evaluation of their free amino acid profiles were determined on the basis of Sodium dodecyle sulphate polyacrylamide gels electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Total soluble proteins were resolved on 10% SDS Polyacrylamide gel. Low variability in tested varieties was observed. Dendogram based on electrophoretic data clustered the genotypes into 2 groups. The results showed that the average protein content of all the varieties was 26.01% within the range 22.8% for Thal-2006 to 34.06% Sheenghar-2000 of dry seed weight. On the basis of total protein content Bittal-98, Dasht and Sheen Ghar-2000, Karak-3 and CM-98, Paidar -91 and Fakhr-e-Thal, C-44, Balaksar and KK-1showed similar concentrations for protein contents among each other but showed variation from the rest of the varieties. Different proteins were separated on the basis of changes in their molecular weights by means of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Dasht, CM-98, and Sheen Ghar showed 100% similarity. Balaksar and Fakhr-e- Thal, KK-2 and Chattan and KC-98, KK-1 and Lawaghar were 100% similar among each other but showed variation from the rest of the accessions. The overall dendrogram showed high and low level of variation among the accessions. The concentration of free amino acids varied among the 16 chickpea varieties. A significant difference of both essential and non-essential amino acids was found among the chickpea cultivars. The total concentration of essential amino acid was recorded 40.81 g/100 g protein while non-essential was recorded 59.18343 g/100 g protein in the given cultivars. The highest concentration of essential amino acids was found in C-44 followed by KK-2, KK-1 and Fakhr E Tal while the lowest concentration was recorded in Cm-98, Paidar-91 and Sheen Ghar-2000 respectively. Cultivars TAL-2006, Chattan and Karak-3 showed maximum concentration of both essential and endogenous amino acids. In conclusion; for broadening the genetic pools in breeding programs or to search for exotic characters, for instance new disease resistance alleles, accession with low similarity coefficients (Lawaghar and Battal-98) may be utilized. Furthermore the information acquired from this study could be used to device a proficient breeding approach intended at improving nutritional as well as broadening the genetic base of this essential food crop of Pakistan.
EFFECTS OF ROOT DEFORMATION AND LIGHT AVAILABILITY ON GROWTH AND BIOMASS ALLOCATION OF Senna multijuga SEEDLINGS (Rich) H. S. Irwin & Barneby
Authors: Lopes Emile Caroline Silva , Dalmolin Ândrea Carla , Allama Ivan Bezerra , Pereira Karine Ferreira , Aitken II William Martin , Santos Martielly Santana dos , Santos Aline Pinto dos , Mielke Marcelo Schramm
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT The effects of root deformation caused by errors in the pricking-out process in forest nurseries are still unknown for tropical tree seedlings. We analyzed the effects of light availability and root deformation on growth and biomass allocation in seedlings of Senna multijuga, a pioneer tropical tree commonly used in forest restoration programs. Our hypotheses were: (a) as a typical light-demanding species, the seedlings of S. multijuga may have their growth compromised by low light availability; (b) root deformation impairs growth rates and induces changes in biomass allocation; and (c) the effects of low light availability on growth and biomass allocation are increased by root deformation. Seedlings with and without root deformation were cultivated for 43 days under three levels of total daily photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (28, 12, and 1 mol photons m-2 day-1). Seedlings of S. multijuga had their growth rates severely affected by values of PAR at about 1 mol photons m-2 day-1, but root deformation did not affect the relative growth rates of the whole plant. Instead, root deformation caused a decrease in the relative growth rate of roots in all light availabilities. The changes in root growth affected biomass allocation to the roots. The interactive effects of light availability and root deformation on the allocation of biomass to leaves are more pronounced at low light availability. Root deformations may lead to the production of seedlings with a low competitiveness capacity regardless of light conditions.
AUTOAVALIAÇÃO E JUSTIÇA SOCIAL NA AVALIAÇÃO DAS ESCOLAS EM PORTUGAL
Authors: Leite Carlinda , Sampaio Marta
Published: October 2020

Resumo Partindo da crença de que o envolvimento das escolas em processos de autoavaliação pode contribuir para que melhor se conheçam e, em função desse conhecimento, tomem decisões que contribuam para a concretização da justiça social, foi desenvolvido um estudo que analisou duas políticas de educação em Portugal justificadas por essa intenção e que exigem o recurso à autoavaliação. Os dados, recolhidos por entrevistas semi-directivas a diretores(as) de escolas, professores(as) de equipes de autoavaliação e ex-ministro da educação responsável pela lei de avaliação, permitem concluir que a autoavaliação, pelo conhecimento que fornece das situações vividas, pode apoiar práticas de justiça curricular promotoras de justiça social. No entanto, para isso, a autoavaliação não pode se esgotar na atenção a resultados obtidos em exames e em lógicas de performatividade.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS E EQUIDADE: REGULAÇÃO E MEDIAÇÃO
Authors: Ribeiro Vanda Mendes , Bonamino Alicia , Martinic Sergio
Published: October 2020

Resumo Este artigo discute o modelo de regulação de duas iniciativas de justiça como equidade na escola. Referências sobre implementação de políticas públicas, ação pública e regulação dos sistemas de ensino geraram categorias a priori. Os dados analisados vieram de entrevistas com dirigentes, gestores e professores. Sua interpretação baseou-se na análise de conteúdo. Conclui-se que as duas iniciativas são regidas por modelos de regulação similares, instituindo vigilância sobre ações e interações dos dirigentes e agentes implementadores, mesclando medidas educativas dos tipos burocrático e pós-burocrático. Esse modelo incorpora instrumentos, técnicas e ferramentas que implicam os atores nos objetivos prescritos, na presença de tensões, denotando capacidade de incidir nas práticas cotidianas.
COMISSÕES DE HETEROIDENTIFICAÇÃO RACIAL PARA ACESSO EM UNIVERSIDADES FEDERAIS
Authors: Batista Neusa Chaves , Figueiredo Hodo Apolinário Coutinho de
Published: October 2020

Resumo O artigo analisa a política de cota racial para acesso à educação superior em uma universidade federal brasileira em seu mais recente ajuste: a instalação de uma comissão de heteroidentificação racial que se baseia no fenótipo dos(das) candidatos(as). A base epistemológico-metodológica parte de uma análise crítica da política, entendendo que a construção dessa ação pública é fruto de embates e disputas entre atores com diferentes concepções de justiça social. O resultado da pesquisa aponta que, na universidade estudada, a instalação da comissão de heteroidentificação retraiu significativamente, desde a implementação da cota racial, em 2008, o acesso de pessoas autodeclaradas negras, indicando que as comissões colocam em causa o significado do que é ser pessoa negra no Brasil.
POLÍTICA DE AÇÃO AFIRMATIVA NA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO: O CASO DAS UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS
Authors: Venturini Anna Carolina , Feres Júnior João
Published: October 2020

Resumo A pós-graduação brasileira é marcada por intensas desigualdades regionais, étnico-raciais e econômicas, o que ensejou a criação de ações afirmativas em prol de estudantes pertencentes a grupos dela historicamente excluídos. O artigo apresenta resultados do processo de criação de ações afirmativas em cursos de pós-graduação acadêmicos (mestrado e doutorado) de universidades públicas. A pesquisa baseou-se na análise dos editais de seleção de 2.763 programas de pós-graduação acadêmicos de universidades públicas divulgados de janeiro de 2002 a janeiro de 2018. Os dados coletados apontam para uma difusão significativa desse tipo de política nos últimos quatro anos, com 26,4% dos programas tendo algum tipo de ação afirmativa em janeiro de 2018.
The Bottleneck Simulator: A Model-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: Serban Iulian Vlad , Sankar Chinnadhurai , Pieper Michael , Pineau Joelle , Bengio Yoshua
Published: October 2020

Deep reinforcement learning has recently shown many impressive successes. However, one major obstacle towards applying such methods to real-world problems is their lack of data-efficiency. To this end, we propose the Bottleneck Simulator: a model-based reinforcement learning method which combines a learned, factorized transition model of the environment with rollout simulations to learn an effective policy from few examples. The learned transition model employs an abstract, discrete (bottleneck) state, which increases sample efficiency by reducing the number of model parameters and by exploiting structural properties of the environment. We provide a mathematical analysis of the Bottleneck Simulator in terms of fixed points of the learned policy, which reveals how performance is affected by four distinct sources of error: an error related to the abstract space structure, an error related to the transition model estimation variance, an error related to the transition model estimation bias, and an error related to the transition model class bias. Finally, we evaluate the Bottleneck Simulator on two natural language processing tasks: a text adventure game and a real-world, complex dialogue response selection task. On both tasks, the Bottleneck Simulator yields excellent performance beating competing approaches.
Erken Okuryazarlık Becerilerine Yönelik Dil Destek Çalışmalarında Ailelerin Tercihleri
Authors: HARMANDAR Dilara , ARIKAN Arzu
Published: October 2020

Okulöncesi dönemde kazanılan erken okuryazarlık becerileri çocukların gelecek başarıları ve gelişimlerinde kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu becerilerin desteklenmesi için ailelerin de çocuklara zengin uyaranlar sunmaları ve eğitsel çalışmalara katılmaları gerekmektedir. Ailelerin erken okuryazarlık becerileri konusundaki çalışmalara katılımını artırmak içinse planlama sürecinde ailelerin görüşlerine başvurmak önemlidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı da ailelerin okulöncesi dönemde erken okuryazarlık becerileri odaklı dil destek çalışmaları konusundaki tercihlerini betimlemektir. Tarama deseninde yürütülen araştırmanın örneklemini resmi ve özel okullarda öğrenim gören 5-6 yaşlarındaki 640 çocuğun ebeveyni oluşturmuştur. Veri analizinde betimleyici istatistiklere ve nonparametrik testlere başvurulmuştur. Bulgular; ailelerin çocukları ile etkileşimlerinde en çok eğitici ve ilgi çekici olma konusunda bilgi istediğini ve bilgilendirme aracı olarak yazılı materyalleri tercih ettiğini göstermektedir. Çalışmalara katılımda aileleri en fazla sınırlayan faktör ise zaman/enerji yokluğudur. Ailelerin tercihlerinde sosyoekonomik katman ve diğer demografik değişkenlere göre de anlamlı farklara ulaşılmıştır.
Using Collages to Change School Governing Body Perceptions of Male Foundation Phase Teachers
Authors: Kagola Obakeng , Khau Mathabo
Published: October 2020

The paper explores how collages can be used to change school governing body (SGB) members' perceptions of male teachers in the foundation phase (FP) in the Nelson Mandela Metropole, South Africa. The involvement of men in FP teaching forms part of initiatives to diversify and do away with the underrepresentation of men in the early years of learning. SGBs play an integral role in the recruitment and retaining of teachers in schools, but not much is known on how SGBs perceive male teachers and their willingness to employ them in FP. This study involved parent members of SGBs as participants because they represent the majority membership in primary school governance. This qualitative study was underpinned by feminist post-structural theory as a lens to analyse data generated using collages and a group discussion, both of which were later thematically analysed to generate the themes discussed in this paper. Findings indicate that participants' socialisation and lived experiences play a major role in the employment of teachers in FP. The findings also show that engaging in participatory visual methodologies such as collages can provide a platform for transformation of deeply embedded discourses towards equitable and socially just societies. In understanding that change is a process, the study recommends that participatory visual methodologies be used in courageous conversations with communities about constructions of caring masculinities and the involvement of men in care professions such as FP teaching.
Novel In Vivo Regeneration System of Tomato v1
Authors: Cao Huiying , Zhang Xinyue , not provided yanyeruan , Zhang Lijun , Li Xuxiao , Jia Bing , Ju Rui
Published: October 2020

Plant in vitro regeneration is an important constituent part of horticulture technology and modern molecular breeding. However, many elite commercial cultivars are difficult to culture and regenerate. We need In-depth regeneration mechanism research to address the barrier. Here, we developed a simple, high-efficiency tomato in vivo regeneration method through removing all shoot apex of an intact tomato plant. This indirect regeneration via an intermediate callus phase are not introduced by plant growth regulators. We propose that this process can be used as a model system to investigate the mechanisms that regulate indirect regeneration of higher plants.
El Agar.io Programado en la Enseñanza Superior: Fundamentos de la Dinámica del Superrendimiento y la Superproducción
Authors: González-Calvo Gustavo
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se exploran las experiencias y particularidades a las que se enfrentan los profesores a tiempo parcial o completo en situación precaria que optan, sin éxito aparente, por un trabajo a tiempo completo dentro del sistema profesional de la enseñanza superior. Siguiendo una metodología narrativa, explora la forma en que los profesores (ocho mujeres y seis hombres, todos ellos docentes universitarios a tiempo parcial o completo en diferentes áreas) construyen y legitiman ciertas concepciones sobre la esfera profesional en la universidad que tienen evidentes repercusiones en su identidad personal y profesional. Los resultados, organizados en torno a un relato que toma como referencia la vida cotidiana de un profesor en condiciones precarias, reflejan el estrés al que se ven sometidos los docentes en el marco de los incesantes programas de evaluación y acreditación universitaria, el distanciamiento de la buena enseñanza en favor de una calidad demostrable como investigador y la posibilidad de sufrir el síndrome de agotamiento del profesorado nada más iniciar su carrera profesional.
Prediction of temporary disability due to of circulatory system diseases in housing and communal services employees
Authors: Bendyuk G Ya , Grishina N K , Dokhov M A , Sidorov A A
Published: October 2020

Aim. To develop a prognostic model of incidence of temporary (short-term) disability due to cardiovascular diseases in a housing and communal services employees using the example of the State Unitary Enterprise (SUE) Vodokanal of St. Petersburg.

Methods. The study included 4634 people, observed in the departmental outpatient clinic of SUE Vodokanal of St. Petersburg, between 2015 and 2017 years. We calculated extensive indicators determining the disease patterns and intensive indicators characterizing the prevalence of the pathological process in the study of morbidity by the findings of periodic health examinations and incidence of short-term disability. The incidence of short-term disability was predicted by using the method of sequential analysis A. Wald modified by E.V. Gubler and the neural network.

Results. We found that based on the operational and statistical data of the medical and sanitary unit, using a neural network, relying on linear and nonlinear dependence of comorbidity, in particular, respiratory diseases, it is possible to predict (in 92.4% of cases) the incidence of temporary disability due to cardiovascular diseases in employees of the housing and communal services SUE Vodokanal of St. Petersburg. The high sensitivity (97.7%) and specificity (90.7%) of the method allows it to predict the need for treatment and prophylaxis measures in the contingent attached to the medical and sanitary unit.

Conclusion. The developed model allows to determine the main directions of preventive work to reduce the incidence of circulatory system diseases with temporary disability: prevention of high blood pressure and respiratory diseases.
Fibroma of epididymis
Authors: Protoshchak Vladimir V. , Sivakov Aleksei A. , Karandashov Vasilii K. , Gozalishvili Sergej M. , Chirsky Vadim S. , Erohina Alina A. , Lazutkin Maksim V. , Alent’ev Sergej A.
Published: October 2020

Benign or malignant tumors of the epididymis are extremely rare. Fibroids of the epididymis and scrotal tissues are rare benign neoplasms. Over the past 10 years, there have been isolated cases in the medical literature describing fibroids of the epididymis and testicular membranes. This article describes a clinical case of surgical treatment of a tumor of the epididymis.
The risks of internet addiction: Structure and characteristics of perception
Authors: Romashkina G. F. , Khuziakhmetov R. R.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Nowadays, digital transformation of society is inevitably accompanied by a set of problems and challenges. Under universal transition to an online format, it is important to analyse how parents assess internet risks for their children and themselves.

The aim of the present research is to reveal parents’ perceptions of main trends and structural features of children internet addiction.

Methodology and research methods. The research is based on the results of a mass survey. The survey was conducted in 2019 according to a multi-stage sample (by gender, age, type of settlement) consisted of the adult population of the Tyumen region. The authors carried out a detailed socio-statistical analysis of internet risks for children based on the self-assessments of all respondents (with the identification of socio-demographic groups), risk assessments for children, according to parents. The structure of “Parents” sub-sample on gender and settlement type is proportional to the structure of the main sample. Under the heading “Children”, the authors mean minor children of respondents. The risk of internet addiction is included in the structure of 12 internet risks and examined on the basis of 4 components (behavioural, cognitive, social and affective). In the course of analysis, Alpha Cronbach consistency ratings, index method, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients, Pearson’s Goodness-of-Fit Test, F-Test for equality of several means, case classification and triangulation method were applied.

Results. The internet transformation of society can be considered an accomplished fact, since the vast majority of people of all ages spend hours online daily. Every fourth respondent notes that their children use the internet from three to four hours a day. The ambivalence of parental attitudes toward internet addiction is manifested in high estimates of its risk for children and young people “in general”, and in significantly lower estimates for own children, regardless of the amount of time children spend on the internet, whether they have friends outside the network. Parents clearly articulate negative connotations “in general”, but at the same time give very low estimates of dangers in behavioural variables.

Scientific novelty. New empirical data, classified on the basis of internet behaviour of children and their parents, as well as parental attitude to this behaviour, have been introduced into the research discourse. An important social issue is identified: in spite of parents’ declarations about the risks of dysfunctional (to the detriment of personal interaction, outdoor games and other kinds of activities) internet use by children, the consensus on the features and dangers of internet addiction in society has not been reached yet.

Practical significance. The weak articulation and ambivalence of internet addiction problem perception in Russian society is being proved. Insufficient parental awareness of potential internet addiction dangers for children is demonstrated.
“Are we not Men?”: Reading the Human-Animal Interface in Science Fiction through John Berger’s “Why Look at Animals?”
Authors: Smolnikov Andrei
Published: October 2020

The so-called animal turn in literature has fostered the evolution of animal studies, a discipline aimed at interrogating the ontological, ethical, and metaphysical implications of animal depictions. Animal studies deals with representation and agency in literature, and its insights have fundamental implications for understanding the conception and progression of human-animal interactions. Considering questions raised by animal studies in the context of literary depictions of animals in science fiction, this article threads John Berger’s characterization of the present as a time of radical marginalization of animals in his essay “Why Look at Animals?” through two highly influential science fiction texts: H. G. Wells’s The Island of Doctor Moreau and Philip K. Dick’s Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?. Applying Berger’s reasoning to these two novels raises issues of personhood, criteria for ontological demarcation, and the dynamics of power, providing an opportunity to clarify, modify, and refute a number of his finer claims. This process of refinement allows us to track conceptions of human-animal interactions through the literary landscape and explore their extrapolations into various speculative contexts, including the frontiers of science and post-apocalyptic worlds.
Talking-Head, Realism Level and Emotions in Learning: A Conceptual Framework
Authors:   Faculty of Art, Computing and Creative Industry, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia, Rokeman Muhammad Ihsan , Ali Ahmad Zamzuri Mohamad , Ramlie Mohd Khairulnizam
Published: October 2020

The talking-head animation has potential in attracting students’ attention and as such, it can be used as an effective instructional tool in various learning conditions. However, its use could cause emotional disturbances and feelings of uneasiness among learners. Especially, if the design of the talking-head character is too realistic that resembles an actual human. Such condition is also known as the Uncanny Valley phenomenon. In this paper, a research conceptual framework on the role of talking-head animation with varying levels of realism and its effects on students’ emotions in learning will be addressed. In particular, the discussion will be grounded on the relevant theories and principles and also based on review of the relevant literature.
Descriptive study to assess the awareness of ill effects of consanguineous marriage on pregnancy, fetus and child in antenatal mothers
Authors: Surendrakumar Dhipikasri , Murugan Rajalekshmi
Published: October 2020

Background: Consanguinity  refers to marriage or a reproductive relationship between two closely related individuals. Consanguinity may significantly impact the occurrence of autosomal recessive conditions and congenital anomalies. The degree of relatedness between two individuals defines the proportion of genes shared between them. Hence this study was planned to assess the awareness level, the association between awareness level and education, association between awareness level of and socioeconomic class.Methods: Direct interview through a self-structured questionnaire containing questions about demographic details, awareness of participants was conducted among (n=100) antenatal mothers attending SMC-OBG, OPD using convenient sampling. Knowledge of ≥50% is considered adequate. Data entry and analysis done using SPSS 16.0 software.  Descriptive statistics were calculated for background variables like socio-demographic characteristics. p value less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.Results: 54% have an educational qualification above high school. 58% belonged to the lower socioeconomic strata. 67% had adequate knowledge. Out of the 26 people who have had consanguineous marriage, 30.8% have 2’ consanguinity, 69.2% have 3’ consanguineous marriage. Participants having educational status above high school have 1.7 times more knowledge than lesser educational qualification. People of higher socioeconomic status have 3.2 times more knowledge than lower socioeconomic status. Association between knowledge with socioeconomic status is significant.Conclusions: The target population has divergent attitudes towards consanguinity, though the awareness was decently high among many of them. Strategies to disseminate information in school programmes should be taken into consideration. Couples in consanguineous relationships can be identified, provided with information about their risk and, if needed referred for genetic counselling.
Obesity in pregnancy: maternal and perinatal outcome
Authors: Gupta Aishwarya V. , Mehta Ami , Patel Bhargav , Mehta Karan
Published: October 2020

Background: The objective of this study was to find out the spectrum of complications during pregnancy due to maternal obesity with incidence and to assess the neonatal outcome.Methods: Retrospective study of antenatal patients was done in Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (SVPIMSR), Ahmedabad from June 2019 to December 2019. Antenatal patients were categorized into 3 classes based on body mass index (BMI): class I=30-34.9 kg/m2, class II=35-39.9 kg/m2, and class III ≥40 kg/m2. The maternal and perinatal outcome of the patients was evaluated in relation to BMI.Results: A total of 61 women were included in the study, with 44 belonging to class I, 15 women to class II and 2 women to class III. In class I, 27% women had pre-eclampsia and its incidence increased with class II (69.2%) and class III (100%). The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases with increase in BMI (class I=5.4%, class II=7.6% and class III=50%). Incidence of fetal growth restriction (FGR) (7.6% and 2.7%) and post term pregnancy (38% and 16.2%) more in class II compared to class I respectively. Lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) rates are seen to be highest in class III (100%) as compared to class II (53%) and class I (50%). Class III (50%) women were more likely to have macrosomic babies than class II (40%) and class I (34.1%).Conclusions: Interventions directed towards weight loss and prevention of excessive weight gain must begin in the preconceptional period. Obese mothers must be counselled regarding risk and complications of obesity and importance of weight loss.
Breastfeeding-Prevent the Preventable
Authors: Gupta Megha , Mehta Sumita , Grover Anshul
Published: October 2020

Background: Breastfeeding is the best way of providing ideal food for growth and development of infants. There is urgent need for counselling of mothers in antenatal and postpartum period to promote effective breastfeeding practices. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of breastfeeding among postnatal mothers admitted in inpatient department of obstetrics and gynaecology of Babu Jagjivan Ram Memorial hospital.Methods: 200 postnatal mothers were enrolled using random sampling method and data collection was done by face to face interview using structured questionnaire.Results: Most women (42.5%) belonged to age group (21-25 years), were multiparous (60.5%) and belonged to joint family. All of them were housewives, had vaginal delivery and belonged to lower socioeconomic status. Most women knew the importance of exclusive breastfeeding, early initiation, colostrum and feeding on demand. 16% women gave pre lacteal feed most common being honey. False cultural belief as discontinuing breastfeeding while being sick, and menstruating is still prevalent in the society. However according to 93% women breastfeeding decreases family expenses. Few women are still hesitant in breastfeeding in public places and find it as an interference to sexual life. Practices of breast feeding in the form of knowledge of proper attachment and latching techniques was found to be very poor in this study.Conclusions: Most mothers had good knowledge (49%), good attitude (76%) but only 5% women had good practices of breastfeeding.
Secondary postpartum hemorrhage on day 58 of cesarean section due to uterine scar rupture
Authors: Gavit Yogita B. , Sharma Deepika
Published: October 2020

Secondary postpartum hemorrhage is rare and affect 0.23-3% of all pregnancies. It happens between 24 hours to 12 weeks of post-delivery. These postpartum hemorrhages occur more often during normal vaginal delivery only a small subset of postpartum hemorrhages occurs after cesarean section. Delayed postpartum hemorrhage is obstetrics emergencies that occurs following vaginal or cesarean delivery, in later condition may be caused by dehiscence of uterus incision after cesarean section which can lead to severe and fatal bleeding. We herein report a case of secondary postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section.
Obstetrics and gynaecology in the era of COVID-19
Authors: George Angela Mary , Manoj Daniel , Ramani Sowmya , . Lalropuii , Palani Murugan Timiri , James Ranjit Immanuel , Johnson Latif Rajesh
Published: October 2020

The World Health Organization has declared the outbreak of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. The alarming levels of spread and severity of the viral disease has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality. Women often face the highest risk of suffering devastating losses from the pandemic. Historically, women’s health has always been inadequately represented in responses to global outbreaks. Resources are often funnelled away from women’s health services towards targets perceived to be more important. Pregnant women with suspected, probable or confirmed COVID-19, should have access to obstetric and foetal medicine, neonatal care as well as mental health and psychosocial support, at facilities ready to tackle maternal and neonatal complications. In this article, we attempt to look at the challenges faced by gynaecologists because of this pandemic, and provide an overview on the current protocols in antenatal care, foetal care, childbirth, and oncological care.
An exploratory study on knowledge of tribal school going adolescents regarding basics of foods and nutrition
Authors: Gandhi Hemangini , Iyer Shweta
Published: October 2020

About 635 tribal groups and subgroups including 75 primitive tribes live in India. Various nutritional deficiency diseases, proportion of malnourished children, anemia are high among tribal children. The wide spread illiteracy and lack of awareness regarding foods and Nutrition in tribal communities are one of the important contributing factors for dismal health in tribal communities. Investing in education and training for adolescents and young people is perhaps the single most promising action to improve quality of life of tribal children. Documentation of the tribal school going adolescent’s knowledge on foods and nutrition is scanty. There is a need to assess the scope for reinforcing knowledge of basics of foods and nutrition through school curriculum.

The present study was planned to know whether the tribal school going adolescents have a basic idea of foods and nutrition or not.

All the tribal adolescent children (n= 158) studying in 8 to 12 standards from a Government Ashramshala were enrolled for the study. Knowledge regarding basics of Foods and nutrition was assessed using pretested questionnaire. Data on health and nutrition topics in their curriculum was also assessed.

The study revealed that less than half of the boys and girls could correctly define food, importance of balanced diet and consequences of an inadequate diet. Knowledge regarding definition of balanced diet, concept of healthy food, anemia and dietary sources of Iron was poor.

Thus strategies need to be developed for promoting awareness regarding basics of foods and nutrition through integrating it in school curriculum