bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optical Vernier sensor based on a cascaded tapered thin-core microfiber for highly sensitive refractive index sensing
Authors: Chen Huiji , Luo Binbin , Wu Decao , Yang Xiangwen , Shi Shenghui , Zou Xue , Li Yujie , Jiang Shanghai , Zhao Mingfu
Published: November 2022

This study proposes a refractive index (RI)
sensor using a cascaded tapered thin-core microfiber (TTCMF) based on
the Vernier effect. The thin-core fiber was made into a TTCMF by arc
discharging and flame heating and then sandwiched between two
single-mode fibers (SMFs). The two structures with the same
SMF–TTCMF–SMF but slightly different free spectral ranges (FSRs) were
cascaded to generate the Vernier effect. The FSR varied with the taper
parameters of TTCMF. The RI sensitivities of a single TTCMF sensor,
series SMF–TTCMF–SMF sensor, and parallel SMF–TTCMF–SMF sensor were
compared and analyzed. Using the Vernier effect in the RI measurement
range from 1.3313 to 1.3392, a very high RI sensitivity of

−

15

,

053.411

n
m

/

R
I
U

was obtained using the series
SMF–TTCMF–SMF structure, and

−

16

,

723.243

n
m

/

R
I
U

using the parallel structure, which
were basically consistent with the simulation results. Compared with
the RI sensitivity of the single TTCMF sensor, the RI sensitivities of
series and parallel sensors were increased by 4.65 times and 5.16
times, respectively. In addition, in the temperature range from 35°C
to 65°C, temperature sensitivities of

−

0.196

n
m

/

∘

C

and

−

0.0489

n
m

/

∘

C

were obtained using series and
parallel structures, respectively; the corresponding temperature cross
errors were

1.302

×

10

−
5

R
I
U

/

∘

C

and

2.92

×

10

−
6

R
I
U

/

∘

C

, respectively. Based on the
advantages of high RI sensitivity, simple structure, low-temperature
cross sensitivity, and convenient fabrication, the proposed sensors
have great potential in biosensing fields.
Effect of laser eye protection devices on color perception
Authors: Coffey Kate , Abel Larry , Karas Renee , Gavrilescu Maria , Douglass Amanda
Published: November 2022

Laser eye protection (LEP) devices may alter how colors are perceived in visual displays. This study investigates changes in color perception experienced by color-normal observers while wearing LEPs. Color perception with and without LEPs was measured using clinical color tests: City University Color Assessment and Diagnosis, Konan Medical ColorDx CCT-HD, and Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue. All LEPs induced a shift in color perception. The level of change in color perception significantly varied across LEPs. Consideration should be made when designing color displays where LEP devices are worn.
Structurally determinable optical soliton molecules enabled by a pre-designed microfiber resonator in a passively mode-locked fiber laser
Authors: Zhou Jian , Chen Zikai , Zhao Junqing
Published: November 2022

The temporal structure of an optical soliton molecule (SM) produced in a passively mode-locked fiber laser relies directly on phase relations among the comprised solitons. However, such phase relations are typically determined by many global and local parameters of the fiber cavity. Thus, any parameter disturbance would exert complex distortion on the SM. This is always unpredictable and difficult to manipulate. One factor is the difficulty in deciding what parameter options have enabled the SM’s formation. The second is the coupling effect among the related parameters. Consequently, the produced SMs usually exhibit considerable uncertainty and poor stability. How to obtain pre-defined SMs has long been a sought-after yet technically unsolved issue. Herein, as a preliminary investigation we demonstrate that employing a microfiber knot resonator (MKR) in a mode-locked fiber laser can enable the formation of artificially defined and structure-stabilized SMs. Specifically, the MKR enables the single soliton splitting into several ones through enhancing the local nonlinearity. But more importantly, it meanwhile functions as a notch filter that dominates and tailors the spectral evolution. The tailored spectrum is then mapped to the temporal domain, grouping the randomly split solitons into a structured and stabilized SM. Our results suggest an easy-to-access avenue in producing structure-determinable SMs in fiber lasers.
Abrupt transition from low-coherence to high-coherence radiation in a semiconductor laser with optical feedback
Authors: Duque Gijón María , Masoller Cristina , Tiana-Alsina Jordi
Published: November 2022

Semiconductor lasers are very sensitive to optical feedback. Although it is well known that coherent feedback lowers the threshold of the laser, the characteristics of the transition from low-coherence radiation—dominated by spontaneous emission—below threshold to high-coherence radiation—dominated by stimulated emission—above threshold have not yet been investigated. Here we show experimentally that, in contrast to the transition that occurs in the solitary laser, in the laser with feedback the transition to high-coherence emission can occur abruptly. We use the speckle technique to show that the transition varies from smooth to abrupt as the amount of light fed back to the laser increases.
Strong enhancement of Goos–Hänchen shift through the resonant optical tunneling effect
Authors: Xiang Liujing , Liu Weici , Wei Zhongchao , Meng Hongyun , Liu Hongzhan , Guo Jianping , Zhi Yan , Huang Zhenming , Li Haoxian , Wang Faqiang
Published: November 2022

The resonant optical tunneling effect (ROTE) originates from the frustrated total reflection effect because unique transmission characteristics are used to study high-sensitivity sensors. In this study, we theoretically demonstrated that choosing a suitable transmission gap made it possible for the ROTE structure based on hexagonal boron nitride and graphene to obtain a large Goos–Hänchen shift as high as tens of thousands of times the incident wavelength at a specific incident angle. The amplitude of the Goos–Hänchen shift was found to be sensitive to the central layer thickness but was also modulated by the tunneling gap on both sides. In addition, adjusting the chemical potential and relaxation time of the graphene sheets could alter the Goos–Hänchen shift. Our work provides a new way to explore the Goos–Hänchen effect and opens the possibility for the application of high-precision measurement technology based on the ROTE.
Temperature-decoupled hydrogen sensing with Pi-shifted fiber Bragg gratings and a partial palladium coating
Authors: Buchfellner Fabian , Bian Qiang , Hu Wenbin , Hu Xiangyang , Yang Minghong , Koch Alexander W. , Roths Johannes
Published: November 2022

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, sensor architecture for palladium-coated fiber Bragg gratings is proposed and demonstrated that allows highly accurate multi-parameter sensing and decoupling of hydrogen concentration from temperature. By means of partly Pd-coated Pi-shifted FBGs (PSFBGs), the notch wavelength of the narrow transmission band and the flank wavelength of the broader reflection band experience different hydrogen and temperature sensitivities. PSFBGs were calibrated at hydrogen concentrations between 800 and 10,000 ppm and temperatures from 20 to 40°C, and a decreased hydrogen sensitivity at increased temperatures was found. Nonlinear temperature-dependent hydrogen calibration functions were therefore determined. An iterative matrix algorithm was used to decouple hydrogen concentration and temperature and to account for the nonlinear calibration functions. Achieved improvements and results have great importance for real field applications of FBG-based hydrogen sensing.
Sub-column pixel neural network scheme for modulation format shifting based optical camera communications
Authors: Shi Jin , He Jing , Yan Xinda
Published: November 2022

In this Letter, a sub-column pixel neural network (SCPNN) scheme is proposed to label the pixel patterns in modulation format shifting based optical camera communication (MFS-OCC) systems. The MFS scheme, by identifying on–off keying (OOK) and Manchester signal formats, can additionally harvest one-bit information without sacrificing the pixel width per bit, resulting in a higher transmission rate for OCC without multi-level modulation. Compared with the conventional multi-threshold decision (MTD) scheme, the proposed SCPNN can effectively mitigate the impact of inter-symbol interference (ISI) and noise on signal decision by making full use of all pixels in one-bit period. The experimental results show that, in the case of the illuminance as low as 300 lux, the SCPNN scheme can attain a data rate of 8.16 Kbps with an average bit-error-rate (BER) of 2.2 × 10−3 below the HD-FEC limitation of 3.8 × 10−3. Meanwhile, the SCPNN scheme achieves remarkable BER performance improvement compared to both MFS-OCC with MTD scheme and conventional OOK-OCC system.
Feasibility of SMS booster for alcohol reduction in injury patients in Tanzania
Authors: Staton Catherine A. , Minnig Mary Catherine , Phillips Ashley J. , Kozhumam Arthi S. , Pesambili Msafiri , Suffoletto Brian , Mmbaga Blandina T. , Ngowi Kennedy , Vissoci Joao Ricardo Nickenig
Published: November 2022

Alcohol use is associated with 3 million annual deaths globally. Harmful alcohol use, which is associated with a high burden of disease in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), often increases the probability of traumatic injury. Treatments for harmful alcohol use in LMICs, such as Tanzania, lack trained personnel and adequate infrastructure. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using SMS boosters to augment a hospital based brief negotiational intervention (BNI) in this low resourced setting. We conducted a three stage, four arm feasibility trial of a culturally adapted BNI for injury patients with harmful and hazardous drinking admitted to Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) in Moshi, Tanzania. Post hospital discharge, two of the four arms included patients receiving either a standard or personalized short message service (SMS) booster to enhance and or perpetuate the effect of the in-hospital BNI. Text messages were sent weekly throughout a 3-month follow-up period. SMS feasibility was assessed according to the TIDier checklist evaluating what, when, how much, tailoring processes, modifications and how well (intervention fidelity). Data was collected with SMS logs and short answer surveys to participants. A total of 41 study participants were assigned to each receive 12 SMS over a three-month period; 38 received messages correctly, 3 did not receive intended messages, and 1 received a message who was not intended to. Of the 258 attempted texts, 73% were successfully sent through the messaging system. Of the messages that failed delivery, the majority were not able to be sent due to participants traveling out of cellular service range or turning off their phones. Participants interviewed in both booster arms reported that messages were appropriate, and that they would appreciate the continuation of such reminders. At 6-month follow-up, 100% (n = 11) of participants interviewed believed that the boosters had a positive impact on their behavior, with 90% reporting a large impact. This study demonstrated feasibility and acceptability of the integration of SMS mobile health technology to supplement this type of nurse-led BNI. SMS booster is a practical tool that can potentially prolong the impact of a brief hospital based intervention to enact behavioral change in injury patients with AUD.
Access to health services, food, and water during an active conflict: Evidence from Ethiopia
Authors: Abay Kibrom A. , Abay Mehari Hiluf , Berhane Guush , Chamberlin Jordan , Croke Kevin , Tafere Kibrom
Published: November 2022

Civil conflict began in Ethiopia in November 2020 and has reportedly caused major disruptions in access to health services, food, and related critical services, in addition to the direct impacts of the conflict on health and well-being. However, the population-level impacts of the conflict have not yet been systematically quantified. We analyze high frequency phone surveys conducted by the World Bank, which included measures of access to basic services, to estimate the impact of the first phase of the war (November 2020 to May 2021) on households in Tigray. After controlling for sample selection, a difference-in-differences approach is used to estimate causal effects of the conflict on population access to health services, food, and water and sanitation. Inverse probability weighting is used to adjust for sample attrition. The conflict has increased the share of respondents who report that they were unable to access needed health services by 35 percentage points (95% CI: 14–55 pp) and medicine by 8 pp (95% CI:2–15 pp). It has also increased the share of households unable to purchase staple foods by 26 pp (95% CI:7–45 pp). The share of households unable to access water did not increase, although the percentage able to purchase soap declined by 17 pp (95% CI: 1–32 pp). We document significant heterogeneity across population groups, with disproportionate effects on the poor, on rural populations, on households with undernourished children, and those living in communities without health facilities. These significant disruptions in access to basic services likely underestimate the true burden of conflict in the affected population, given that the conflict has continued beyond the survey period, and that worse-affected households may have higher rates of non-response. Documented spatial and household-level heterogeneity in the impact of the conflict may help guide rapid post-conflict responses.
Improved diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in adults with and without HIV in Mbeya, Tanzania using the MPT64 antigen detection test
Authors: Grønningen Erlend , Nanyaro Marywinnie , Sviland Lisbet , Ngadaya Esther , Muller William , Torres Lisete , Mfinanga Sayoki , Mustafa Tehmina
Published: November 2022

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in People Living with HIV (PLWHIV) is a diagnostic challenge. Our immunochemistry based MPT64 antigen detection test has shown improved sensitivity compared to current laboratory tests in the resource limited diagnostic setting. The aim of this study was to validate the implementability and diagnostic performance of the test in PLWHIV and HIV negative adults in a HIV endemic Tanzanian setting. Adult (>18 y) presumptive EPTB patients were prospectively enrolled at Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and followed to the end of treatment or until an alternative diagnosis was reached. Suspected sites of infection were sampled and were subject to routine diagnostics, GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay and the MPT64 test. The performance of the diagnostics tests was assessed using a composite reference standard that included clinical suspicion, mycobacterial culture, response to anti-tuberculosis (TB) therapy, cytological and radiological findings. Patients (N = 168) were categorized as 21 confirmed TB, 23 probable TB and 44 possible TB cases, 69 patients were categorized as non-TB cases and 11 were uncategorized. In the TB group, the three most common infections were adenitis (41%), peritonitis (19%) and pleuritis (14%). The TB and non-TB groups did not differ in HIV seropositivity (46% vs 42%) Among HIV negative and PLWHIV, the MPT64 test had a sensitivity of (91% vs 78%), specificity (75% vs 86%), positive predictive value (80% vs 88%), negative predictive value (89% vs 74%), and accuracy (84% vs 81%), respectively. Performance was not significantly reduced in PLWHIV, and sensitivity was higher than in the currently used tests, including the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay. The MPT64 test improved the diagnosis of EPTB, irrespective of HIV status. The test performed better than currently used diagnostic test. The test was implementable in a tertiary level hospital with basic pathology services in a HIV endemic Tanzanian setting.
Treatment options for resectable hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Panda Smriti , Sakthivel Pirabu , Gurusamy Kurinchi S. , Sharma Atul , Thakar Alok
Published: November 2022

Background

There is uncertainty in the treatment options for resectable hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods

A systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was performed. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library), MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index, and Conference Proceedings databases and trial registries were searched until November 2020 for randomized controlled trials performed on resectable hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Two systematic review authors independently identified studies and extracted data. The primary outcomes evaluated were overall survival, disease-free survival, any recurrence, local recurrence, loco-regional recurrence, distal recurrence and laryngectomy-free survival. The secondary outcomes were response rates following neoadjuvant treatment and comparison of treatment-related toxicity. Assessment of risk of bias was performed for the selected studies using Cochrane’s tool for assessing risk of bias. The studies were evaluated for the quality of evidence using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations). Risk ratios (RR), rate ratios, and hazard ratios (HR) were calculated along with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model.

Results

Five RCTs met the inclusion criteria for this review. The risk of bias was unclear or high for the trials. Non-organ preservation(n = 140) versus organ preservation (n = 144) (two trials): no statistically significant difference could be identified for any of the primary outcomes. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (n = 37) versus sequential chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy (n = 34) (one trial): no statistically significant difference was noted between the two treatment arms for overall survival, disease-free survival and loco-regional recurrence. Laryngectomy-free survival was found to be superior in concurrent chemoradiotherapy arm (HR:0.28, 95% CI 0.13, 0.57). Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (n = 53) versus induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy (n = 60) (one trial): no statistically significant difference was noted between the treatment arms for overall survival, disease-free survival and laryngectomy-free survival. Preoperative radiotherapy (n = 24) versus postoperative radiotherapy (n = 23) (one trial): overall survival was found to be better in the postoperative radiotherapy arm (HR:2.44, 95% CI1.18, 5.03). No statistically significant difference was noted in terms of treatment-related toxicity.

Conclusions

There are considerable uncertainties in the management of resectable hypopharyngeal cancer.

Trail registration

PROSPERO registration: CRD42019155613.
Kazak mitochondrial genomes provide insights into the human population history of Central Eurasia
Authors: Askapuli Ayken , Vilar Miguel , Garcia-Ortiz Humberto , Zhabagin Maxat , Sabitov Zhaxylyk , Akilzhanova Ainur , Ramanculov Erlan , Schamiloglu Uli , Martinez-Hernandez Angelica , Contreras-Cubas Cecilia , Barajas-Olmos Francisco , Schurr Theodore G. , Zhumadilov Zhaxybay , Flores-Huacuja Marlen , Orozco Lorena , Hawks John , Saitou Naruya
Published: November 2022

As a historical nomadic group in Central Asia, Kazaks have mainly inhabited the steppe zone from the Altay Mountains in the East to the Caspian Sea in the West. Fine scale characterization of the genetic profile and population structure of Kazaks would be invaluable for understanding their population history and modeling prehistoric human expansions across the Eurasian steppes. With this mind, we characterized the maternal lineages of 200 Kazaks from Jetisuu at mitochondrial genome level. Our results reveal that Jetisuu Kazaks have unique mtDNA haplotypes including those belonging to the basal branches of both West Eurasian (R0, H, HV) and East Eurasian (A, B, C, D) lineages. The great diversity observed in their maternal lineages may reflect pivotal geographic location of Kazaks in Eurasia and implies a complex history for this population. Comparative analyses of mitochondrial genomes of human populations in Central Eurasia reveal a common maternal genetic ancestry for Turko-Mongolian speakers and their expansion being responsible for the presence of East Eurasian maternal lineages in Central Eurasia. Our analyses further indicate maternal genetic affinity between the Sherpas from the Tibetan Plateau with the Turko-Mongolian speakers.
Depressive symptoms exacerbate disability in older adults: A prospective cohort analysis of participants in the MemAID trial
Authors: Buss Stephanie S. , Aponte Becerra Laura , Trevino Jorge , Fortier Catherine B. , Ngo Long H. , Novak Vera
Published: November 2022

Background

Maintaining independence in older age is an important aspect of quality of life. We investigated depressive symptoms as an important modifiable risk factor that may mediate the effects of physical and cognitive decline on disability.

Methods

We prospectively analyzed data from 223 adults (age 50–85; 117 controls and 106 with type-2 diabetes) over 48 weeks who were participating in a clinical trial “Memory Advancement by Intranasal Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes.” Data from self-reported disability (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule) and depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale) were obtained from baseline, week 25, and week 48 visits. Cognition (Mini-mental status examination) and medical comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index) were assessed at baseline. Longitudinal analysis assessed the extent to which change in depressive symptoms predicted worsening disability. Mediation analyses were performed to determine the extent to which depressive symptoms accounted for disability associated with worse cognition, walking speed, and comorbidities.

Results

At baseline, depressive symptoms, cognition, and walking speed were within normal limits, but participants had a high 10-year risk of cardiovascular mortality. Depressive symptoms were related to disability at baseline (p<0.001), and longitudinally (p<0.001). Cognition, walking speed, and comorbidities were associated with disability at baseline (p-values = 0.027–0.001). Depressive symptoms had a large mediating effect on disability longitudinally: the indirect effect on disability via depression accounts for 51% of the effect of cognition, 34% of the effect of mobility, and 24% of the effect of comorbidities.

Conclusions

Depressive symptoms substantially exacerbated the effects of worsening cognition, gait speed, and comorbidities on disability. In our sample, most individuals scored within the “normal” range of the Geriatric Depression Scale, suggesting that even subclinical symptoms can lead to disability. Treating subclinical depression, which may be under-recognized in older adults, should be a public health priority to help preserve independence with aging.
Does culture moderate the relationships between rumination and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression?
Authors: Li Haoxiang , Lee Bryan , Reyneke Tamsyn , Haque Shamsul , Abdullah Siti Zainab , Tan Britney Kerr Wen , Liddell Belinda , Jobson Laura
Published: November 2022

Brooding rumination is positively associated with symptoms of both depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, non-clinical cross-cultural research indicates that culture may influence these associations. This study aimed to examine the moderating effect of cultural group (Australian versus Malaysian) on the associations between brooding rumination and symptoms of depression and PTSD. European Australians (n = 109) and Malaysians of varying Asian heritages (n = 144) completed an online questionnaire containing the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, PTSD checklist for DSM-5 and the Ruminative Response Scale-Short Form. First, Malaysian participants had higher brooding rumination than Australian participants. Second, higher levels of brooding rumination were positively associated with depression and PTSD symptom severity. Third, contrary to our expectations, cultural group did not moderate the relationships between brooding rumination and symptoms of depression and PTSD. If replicable, these results suggest that existing assessment and treatment approaches that target brooding rumination may apply to Malaysian individuals with depression and PTSD.
Matar en legítima defensa: Le viste la cara a Dios de Gabriela Cabezón Cámara
Authors: Bianchi Paula Daniela
Published: November 2022

Influida por las reflexiones de Josefina Ludmer y Eugenio Zaffaroni sobre el papel del género y de la sexualidad en el discurso delictual y penal, Paula Bianchi examina detalladamente tres de los planos discursivos que se entrecruzan en la novela Le viste la cara a Dios (2012) de Gabriela Cabezón Cámara: el político, el literario-cultural y el judicial. En la primera parte del artículo Bianchi detalla el modo en que la novela equipara la captura y prostitución forzada con la industria ganadera y, en particular, con la icónica imagen del matadero y la temática de la violación en la literatura fundacional argentina. A continuación, el ensayo explora la importancia de la cultura popular —en particular el mundo del espectáculo— en la representación de la venganza y de los homicidios cometidos en defensa propia por la protagonista. Un breve apartado hace referencia al papel del discurso religioso en la novela. Según Bianchi, todos estos planos discursivos en la novela están interpelados por el discurso jurídico-penal. Si la ley escrita es inherentemente misógina y quienes deben ejecutarla —desde los jueces hasta los policías— son totalmente corruptos, ¿cómo puede esperar justicia una víctima que decide tomar la justicia por sus manos al convencerse de que ella siempre quedará al margen de la justicia? La novela de Cabezón comienza con una dedicación a las víctimas de la trata de personas en Argentina; el artículo termina posicionando la novela en relación con los feminicidios en México y a la recepción mediática de “Diana, la cazadora de ruteros”, un relato periodístico sobre una mujer mexicana que confesó haber matado a dos de los conductores de autobuses responsables de la violación y muerte de jóvenes en Ciudad Juárez.
Vivir a muerte: escrituras dolientes y denuncias de género en El silencio de los cuerpos
Authors: Estrada Oswaldo
Published: November 2022

En este ensayo se analiza la colección titulada El silencio de los cuerpos. Relatos sobre feminicidios (México: Ediciones B, 2015). En el libro participan nueve escritoras mexicanas nacidas —todas excepto Cristina Rivera Garza— en los años setenta y ochenta, como Orfa Alarcón, Susana Iglesias y Tania Tagle, entre otras. La colección entera hace pensar en las palabras de Edward Said con respecto a la misión del verdadero intelectual que utiliza su voz para hablar por los que no pueden hacerlo, para decirle verdades al poder, siempre desde una posición marginal. Los cuentos son desgarradores, denuncian la normalización de la violencia de género e intentan despertar la conciencia de aquellos que viven lejos del peligro, la discriminación y el terror. En este análisis se toman en cuenta diversos estudios en torno a la violencia de género, la violencia subjetiva y la violencia simbólica, así como la cosificación de los cuerpos y la violencia sistemática contra las sexualidades disidentes.
La imposibilidad de la verdad en Chicas muertas de Selva Almada
Authors: Moret Zulema
Published: November 2022

Selva Almada, en su reciente novela Chicas muertas (2014) narra la historia de tres chicas que fueron asesinadas en los años ochenta, en una provincia argentina, tres muertes todavía impunes. La narración de ese presente, cuando todavía no existía #NiUnaMenos ni se hablaba de feminicidio, muestra el desorden informativo presentado por la radio, los diarios de los pueblos, las conversaciones de las personas. Almada escribe ese ‘presente’ entre géneros: el policial, la narración realista, dentro de un paisaje social del interior, rural y sórdido, en un ambiente en el que viven estos personajes encerrados y oprimidos. Almada se hunde en un recorrido que escapa a lo meramente literario, entrevista a familiares, recorre lugares, lee expedientes, habla con jueces, reflexiona sobre su género y la violencia ejercida sobre él. A partir de este engranaje discursivo, a la búsqueda de la verdad, como si fuera un thriller, pero sin responder a sus reglas, en este espacio intermedio entre géneros literarios, se desarrolla la historia de las tres chicas muertas, con el telón de fondo del retorno de la democracia. En esta búsqueda de la verdad recurre infructuosamente a diversos sistemas de información, desde videntes a familiares y amigos de las víctimas.
DELIMITAÇÃO DO TERRENO DE MARINHA: ESTUDO DE CASO NO LITORAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Da Rocha Ronaldo dos Santos , Tolda Junior Elírio E. , Weschenfelder Jair
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho apresenta um método híbrido de identifi cação de terrenos de marinha no litoral médio do Rio Grandedo Sul - RS, utilizando dados geológicos coletados nas últimas décadas, informações maregráfi cas da Diretoria deHidrografi a e Navegação – DHN e processamentos geodésicos, referenciando as informações regionais de linha depraia, nível médio do mar e linha de preamar - LPM. Ao fi nal observa-se que parte do litoral médio do Rio Grande doSul, apresenta um avanço da linha de praia em direção ao mar, caracterizando nestes locais um acréscimo de área aosterrenos de marinha. Em outras situações o recuo da linha de praia, ou seja, uma retração da zona costeira em relaçãoao mar, e nestes casos tornando submersos os terrenos de marinha.
SEGMENTAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO POR MEIO DE DADOS LIDAR AEROTRANSPORTADO
Authors: Ferreira Flávia Renata , Larocca Ana Paula Camargo , Cintra Jorge Pimentel
Published: November 2022

O LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) vem-se consolidando como tecnologia de mapeamento, contribuindo paraa ciência da informação geográfi ca. O presente trabalho realizou um processamento de dados LiDAR pelo softwareTerraScan com o objetivo de extrair edifi cações a partir de uma nuvem de pontos. A comparação da posição e dimensõesdas edifi cações obtidas pelo LiDAR, com as posições e dimensões das feições homólogas provenientes de uma basecartográfi ca de referência, proporcionou que as diferenças entre os dois produtos fossem quantifi cadas. Foi, então,realizado um controle de qualidade cartográfi ca do produto LiDAR que pudesse classifi car esse produto quanto aopadrão de exatidão cartográfi ca digital. O produto obtido pelo LiDAR atendeu às classes C e D da norma brasileirapara produtos digitais na escala 1:5.000 e a partir da classe B na escala 1:10.000. Recomenda-se a utilização criteriosadesse produto em função da escala do mapeamento e das necessidades do usuário.
VALIDAÇÃO DA TECNOLOGIA VANT NA ATUALIZAÇÃO DE BASES DE DADOS CARTOGRÁFICOS GEOLÓGICOS – ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Da Luz Cristhyano Cavali , Antunes Alzir Felippe Buffara
Published: November 2022

O desenvolvimento de plataformas e sensores para a aquisição de informação espacial, com vistas à elaboração deprodutos cartográfi cos, fotointerpretação e atualização de bases cadastrais, teve um grande avanço a partir do séculoXXI, através de modernas etapas de processamento digital entre as fotografi as aéreas adquiridas com câmeras digitais.Este trabalho teve como objetivo gerar ortofotos a partir de dados brutos oriundos de Veículo Aéreo Não Tripulado(VANT), a fi m de se avaliar a aplicabilidade desta tecnologia com vistas à atualização de dados cartográfi cos geológicos. A metodologia baseou-se na elaboração do plano de voo a ser seguido pelo VANT; a aquisição dos dados e dasfotografi as aéreas; o processamento das imagens, no software Photoscan que utiliza algoritmos computacionais declassifi cações de padrões e reconstrução tridimensional do terreno, através das operações de aerotriangulação, geraçãodo Modelo Digital de Elevação e ortofoto. O recobrimento aerofotogramétrico foi realizado com altura de voo médiade 300 metros. As fotografi as aéreas foram automaticamente obtidas com uma câmera Sony NEX-3 16Mp, com resolução espacial no terreno de 9 cm. A ortofoto gerada possibilitou a fotointerpretação da rede de drenagem local, bemcomo da caracterização geomorfológica e geológica. Os resultado são promissores e mostram que os VANT de baixocusto podem ser utilizados em para a aquisição de informação espacial e atualização de bases de dados geológicos.
Studi Kasus Penggunaan Video Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Daring Dalam Mata Kuliah Japanese for Business di Era Pandemi
Authors: Dewi Citra , Nur Rahmi Fauzah Nunik
Published: November 2022

In the covid 19 pandemic era, education in Indonesia is appliying an online learning system. The use of technology and computer-based applications is inevitable. Teachers are faced with the use of applications such as Zoom, G Classroom, Screenomatic, Canva, Prezi, and others. The use of these applications is constructive in the knowledge transfer process. However, the use of supporting media in online learning also plays an important role. Because in practice, the use of learning media will greatly help the learning process. One of them is by using video media. Video is a multimedia-based learning media. In the video, learners can listen to the material through audio-visual which can help optimize the function of the five senses and make it easier for learners to understand the content of the material presented. This research will use videos from a Youtube channel. One course that requires videos as learning media is Japanese for Business, which is given to 3rd year 6th-semester students for 4 meetings with various themes. In this course, students are taught Japanese conversation for business. The difficulties faced in online learning are the lack of time for practice and limited language use situations. Moreover, the pandemic period has also affected the company's work system, so it is necessary to deliver material about the work system. Such as presentations and meetings through zoom as well as other situations that might occur in the online work system. Based on this background, it can be concluded that the purpose of this study is to find out how teaching in Japanese for Business course through the use of video media in the pandemic era. The method used is a mixed method.
Mode of Speech Revolve of Covid 19 in Bahasa Indonesia and Japanese Language in Social Media
Authors: Ardiati Riza Lupi , Sidiq Inu Isnaeni , Sugiarto Sigit
Published: November 2022

This research aims to examine mode of speech revolve of Covid 19 in bahasa Indonesia and Japanese language in social media. The revolving of the Covid 19 that has been conveyed on social media by both policy-making officials and the general public has its own style of language that allows the power of speech in various illocutions, related to the efforts made to avoid the Covid 19 virus outbreak. The research method was carried out through qualitative descriptive and using photo-tapping and note-taking techniques. The theory used is, pragmatics refers to Leech (2003), taiguu hyougen from Pon (2004). The results of the study found that the speech revolving Covid 19 was carried out in assertive illocutionary, directive (ordering, pleading and demanding), and expressive (criticizing and praising). Violation of the maxims of quality and quantity is carried out through the ironic power of excessive and understated speech. Face threatening acts in negative face are found in speeches revolving Covid 19 in Indonesian and Japanese. Face threatening acts with positive face are only found in Indonesian.
Expressive Speech Acts of Complaining in The Anime “Tanaka Kun Wa Itsumo Kedaruge” (Pragmatics Study)
Authors: Kuraesin Uning , Prasetya Muhamad Ilham
Published: November 2022

Language is used to communicate with fellow human beings on this earth, with language we can understand what other people want to convey to us either in spoken, written, formal or informal language. With the language we perform an action to convey the language to the speech partner or often referred to as our interlocutor in order to capture the meaning of what we convey or we say. In language there are speech acts, speech acts are part of pragmatics. A speech act is an utterance of a sentence to state that a purpose of the speaker is known by the interlocutor. In the speech act itself there are three main parts, called locution, illocution and perlocution. Each of the three main pillars has its own function in performing a speech so that a speech can be easily understood by the interlocutor. This study aims to describe the forms of speech acts and complaining strategies used in a Japanese animation This study uses qualitative descriptive method by examining the utterances that occur in the data. The Data used by the researchers were obtained from the anime entitled Tanaka kun wa Itsumo Kedaruge where in the anime there are many complaints that become the source of research. Data analysis is done by classifying the form of speech acts and complaining strategies used using existing theories. The results of the study found that the form of speech acts was 51 data with the form of direct speech acts as many as 22 data, the form of indirect speech acts as many as 29 data. From the results of the discussion, Complaint data found 51 data with implicit complaints with 17 data cues sub- category (hint), expressions of annoyance/disapproval with 31 data sub-categories annoyance, 2 data of painful consequences sub-category (ill consequences), accusations with category of direct accusation (direct accusation) as much as 1 data, explicitly blame (attitude) explicit blame (behavior) as much as 2 data.
Measures of noncompactness of interpolated polynomials
Authors: Mastyło Mieczysław , da Silva Eduardo Brandani
Published: November 2022

We study interpolation of the measure of noncompactness of homogeneous polynomials on Banach spaces.
We prove that, for a large class of interpolation functors, preserving interpolation of measures of noncompactness
of interpolated linear operators between Banach couples can be lifted to polynomials. As an application,
we show that the measure of noncompactness of polynomials behaves well under the real method of interpolation.
Chemical Composition and Energy Evaluation of Abies spp. and Pinus spp. Sawdust Collected as a Byproduct of the Primary Wood Sawing
Authors: Martínez-Gómez Omar , Pintor-Ibarra Luis Fernando , Rutiaga-Quiñones José Guadalupe , Corona-Terán Jarinzi
Published: November 2022

The aim of this paper is to chemically evaluate the byproducts of the primary processing of genera Abies and Pinus, to determine the possibility of using them as solid biofuel. Ash percentage, volatile matter and fixed carbon values were determined by proximate analysis. The basic chemical composition includes the determination of extractives content, lignin and holocellulose. Ash microanalysis was performed with an X-ray spectrometer and the calorific value of the samples was determined by using an AC600 calorimeter. The results of this research varied as follows: the content of inorganic substances (0.33% to 0.41%), volatile matter (88.54% to 82.57%), fixed carbon (11.13% to 17.06%), extractives content (5.37% to 17.82%), Runkel lignin (27.33% to 30.97%), holocellulose content (58.53% to 69.56%) and calorific value (19.09 MJ·kg-1 to 20.42 MJ·kg-1). According to the X-ray analysis, the most abundant elements were potassium, calcium and magnesium; whereas no heavy metals were found. The results of this research show that the two genera studied here are suitable for solid biofuel production.
Data-Driven Models of Efficient Chromatic Coding in the Outer Retina
Authors: Ramirez Luisa , Dickman Ronald
Published: November 2022

Recent experimental work on zebrafish has shown thein vivoactivity of photoreceptors and horizontal cells (HCs) as a function of the stimulus spectrum, highlighting the appearance of chromatic-opponent signals at their first synaptic connection. Altogether with the observed lack of excitatory intercone connections, these findings suggest that the mechanism yielding early color opponency in zebrafish is dominated by inhibitory feedback. We propose a neuronal population model based on zebrafish retinal circuitry to investigate whether networks with predominantly inhibitory feedback are more advantageous in encoding chromatic information than networks with mixed excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms. We show that networks with dominant inhibitory feedback exhibit a unique and reliable encoding of chromatic information. In contrast, this property is not guaranteed in networks with strong excitatory intercone connections, exhibiting bistability. These findings provide a theoretical explanation for the absence of excitatory intercone couplings in zebrafish color circuits. In addition, our study shows that these networks, with only one type of horizontal cell, are suitable to encode most of the variance from the zebrafish environment. However, at least two successive layers of inhibitory neurons are needed to reach the optimum. Finally, we contrast the encoding performance of networks with different opsin sensitivities, showing an improvement of only 13% compared with zebrafish, suggesting that the zebrafish retina is adapted to encode color information from its habitat efficiently.
The lysosomal Ragulator complex activates NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo via HDAC6
Authors: Tsujimoto Kohei , Jo Tatsunori , Nagira Daiki , Konaka Hachiro , Park Jeong Hoon , Yoshimura Shin‐ichiro , Ninomiya Akinori , Sugihara Fuminori , Hirayama Takehiro , Itotagawa Eri , Matsuzaki Yusei , Takaichi Yuki , Aoki Wataru , Saita Shotaro , Nakamura Shuhei , Ballabio Andrea , Nada Shigeyuki , Okada Masato , Takamatsu Hyota , Kumanogoh Atsushi
Published: November 2022

The cellular activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is spatiotemporally orchestrated by various organelles, but whether lysosomes contribute to this process remains unclear. Here, we show the vital role of the lysosomal membrane‐tethered Ragulator complex in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Deficiency of Lamtor1, an essential component of the Ragulator complex, abrogated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in murine macrophages and human monocytic cells. Myeloid‐specific Lamtor1‐deficient mice showed marked attenuation of NLRP3‐associated inflammatory disease severity, including LPS‐induced sepsis, alum‐induced peritonitis, and monosodium urate (MSU)‐induced arthritis. Mechanistically, Lamtor1 interacted with both NLRP3 and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6). HDAC6 enhances the interaction between Lamtor1 and NLRP3, resulting in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. DL‐all‐rac‐α‐tocopherol, a synthetic form of vitamin E, inhibited the Lamtor1–HDAC6 interaction, resulting in diminished NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Further, DL‐all‐rac‐α‐tocopherol alleviated acute gouty arthritis and MSU‐induced peritonitis. These results provide novel insights into the role of lysosomes in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes by the Ragulator complex.
A STUDY ON SIMILE AND PURIFICATION IN THE “PHILOSOPHY OF DECORATION” OF IRANIAN ISLAMIC ART FROM IBN ARABI’S POINT OF VIEW
Authors: Pour Mahmoud Sadaf
Published: November 2022

Iranian Islamic art refers to the works of culture and civilization of the Iranian Muslim nation in the Islamic era. In its thinking and epistemological nature, it has a different language from simile and purification and is associated with a rich philosophy called "decoration" based on spiritual manifestations. Therefore, in creating works based on a simile and purification attitude, the existence of truth has never been neglected and the art world has been considered as manifestations of truth. This research is a descriptive and analytical research. Through documents, libraries and field observations, various data were collected by examining the principles and components of simile and purification with emphasis on Ibn Arabi's point of view and analyzing of how the Muslim artist used and his goals of using the combination of the two components in the philosophy of decoration. The results show that "simile and purification", as a mystical approach, has led to the formation of a special language in the structure of Iranian art; therefore, in the philosophy of decoration, the mystic artist has used it as a tool to manifest the beauty and perfection of God in forms through the embodiment of unity.
Rapid Genome Sequencing: Consent for New Technologies in the Neonatal Intensive Care Context
Authors: Lynch Fiona , Prentice Trisha , Gillam Lynn , Stark Zornitza , Gyngell Christopher
Published: November 2022

The clinical utility of rapid genome sequencing (rGS) in critically unwell infants has been consistently demonstrated, and there are calls for rGS to be implemented as a first-line test in the NICU. A diagnosis from rGS can enable rapid initiation of precision treatment, making it potentially lifesaving. However, in many patients rGS leads to the diagnosis of severe and life-limiting conditions, prompting discussion with families about withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment.

The complexity of information about rGS, together with the heightened emotions of parents in the NICU, poses significant challenges for informed decision making in this context. We present a case where both parents are unable to provide informed consent, and the treating team must decide whether to proceed with rGS. Our discussion highlights the important differences between genome sequencing and other types of genetic testing, and the crucial role played by pre-test counseling in facilitating informed consent and preparing parents for a range of possible outcomes. We then discuss the consent paradigms at play in NICUs; whereas admission generally comes with an understanding that the treating team will perform interventions thought to be in the best interest of the child, rGS is substantially different because of its long-term implications for patients and family members. Finally, we look at the ethical interplay between parental consent and the interests of the child. We conclude by showing how cases like this are resolved at our tertiary center and how they may be resolved differently in future.
uso lúdico das tecnologias digitais nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: De Moraes Rossetto Anubis Graciela , Gonçalves dos Santos Adriana
Published: November 2022

Este artigo apresenta o uso lúdico das tecnologias digitais nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental como uma possibilidade para facilitar os processos de ensino e aprendizagem. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi analisar a percepção que os professores atuantes nessa etapa escolar, das escolas municipais da cidade de Guaporé/RS, possuíam a respeito desse tema. A proposta metodológica envolveu abordagem qualitativa com objetivo descritivo, tendo como procedimento técnico o estudo de caso e aplicação de questionário como instrumento para realização da coleta de dados. Os sujeitos pesquisados foram vinte e um professores dos anos iniciais das quatro escolas municipais da cidade pesquisada, no ano de 2021. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciaram que os pesquisados compreendem a importância da utilização do lúdico e das tecnologias digitais como recursos eficazes para fazer educação de qualidade e que os utilizam em suas aulas. Porém, de acordo com a análise das respostas disponibilizadas nos questionários, tal utilização ocorre de forma isolada e não vinculada, como aponta ser necessário, importante e eficaz de acordo com a revisão de literatura deste estudo.
Palavras-chave: Tecnologias digitais; lúdico; anos iniciais.