bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical Abundance Signature of J0023+0307: A Second-generation Main-sequence Star with [Fe/H] < −6*
Authors: Frebel Anna , Ji Alexander P. , Ezzeddine Rana , Hansen Terese T. , Chiti Anirudh , Thompson Ian B. , Merle Thibault
Published: January 2019

We present a chemical abundance analysis of the faint halo metal-poor main-sequence star J0023+0307, with [Fe/H] < −6.3, based on a high-resolution (R ∼ 35,000) Magellan/MIKE spectrum. The star was originally found to have [Fe/H] < −6.6 based on a Ca ii K measurement in an R ∼ 2500 spectrum. No iron lines could be detected in our MIKE spectrum. Spectral lines of Li, C, Na, Mg, Al, Si, and Ca were detected. The Li abundance is close to the Spite Plateau,

(Li) = 1.7, not unlike that of other metal-poor stars, although in stark contrast to the extremely low value found, e.g., in HE 1327–2326 at a similar [Fe/H] value. The carbon G-band is detected and indicates strong C-enhancement, as is typical for stars with low Fe abundances. Elements from Na through Si show a strong odd–even effect, and J0023+0307 displays the second-lowest known [Ca/H] abundance. Overall, the abundance pattern of J0023+0307 suggests that it is a second-generation star that formed from gas enriched by a massive Population III first star exploding as a fallback supernova. The inferred dilution mass of the ejecta is 105±0.5
M
⊙ of hydrogen, strongly suggesting J0023+0307 formed in a recollapsed minihalo. J0023+0307 is likely very old because it has a very eccentric orbit with a pericenter in the Galactic bulge.
A Galactic Plane Defined by the Milky Way H ii Region Distribution
Authors: Anderson L. D. , Wenger Trey V. , Armentrout W. P. , Balser Dana S. , Bania T. M.
Published: January 2019

We develop a framework for a new definition of the Galactic midplane, allowing for tilt (

; rotation about Galactic azimuth 90°) and roll (

; rotation about Galactic azimuth 0°) of the midplane with respect to the current definition. Derivation of the tilt and roll angles also determines the solar height above the midplane. Here we use nebulae from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) Catalog of Galactic H ii Regions to define the Galactic high-mass star formation (HMSF) midplane. We analyze various subsamples of the WISE catalog and find that all have Galactic latitude scale heights near 0.°30 and z-distribution scale heights near 30

. The vertical distribution for small (presumably young) H ii regions is narrower than that of larger (presumably old) H ii regions (∼25

versus ∼40

), implying that the larger regions have migrated further from their birth sites. For all H ii region subsamples and for a variety of fitting methodologies, we find that the HMSF midplane is not significantly tilted or rolled with respect to the currently defined midplane, and, therefore, the Sun is near to the HMSF midplane. These results are consistent with other studies of HMSF, but are inconsistent with many stellar studies, perhaps because of asymmetries in the stellar distribution near the Sun. Our results are sensitive to latitude restrictions and also to the completeness of the sample, indicating that similar analyses cannot be done accurately with less complete samples. The midplane framework we develop can be used for any future sample of Galactic objects to redefine the midplane.
Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulations with Suppressed Variance in the Lyα Forest Power Spectrum
Authors: Anderson Lauren , Pontzen Andrew , Font-Ribera Andreu , Villaescusa-Navarro Francisco , Rogers Keir K. , Genel Shy
Published: January 2019

We test a method to reduce unwanted sample variance when predicting Lyα forest power spectra from cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. Sample variance arises due to sparse sampling of modes on large scales and propagates to small scales through nonlinear gravitational evolution. To tackle this, we generate initial conditions in which the density perturbation amplitudes are fixed to the ensemble average power spectrum—and are generated in pairs with exactly opposite phases. We run 50 such simulations (25 pairs) and compare their performance against 50 standard simulations by measuring the Lyα 1D and 3D power spectra at redshifts z = 2, 3, and 4. Both ensembles use periodic boxes of

40

h

−
1

Mpc

containing 5123 particles each of dark matter and gas. As a typical example of improvement, for wavenumbers

k
=
0.25

h

Mpc

−
1

at z = 3, we find estimates of the 1D and 3D power spectra converge 34 and 12 times faster in a paired–fixed ensemble compared with a standard ensemble. We conclude that, by reducing the computational time required to achieve fixed accuracy on predicted power spectra, the method frees up resources for exploration of varying thermal and cosmological parameters—ultimately allowing the improved precision and accuracy of statistical inference.
CO Multi-line Observations of HH 80–81: A Two-component Molecular Outflow Associated with the Largest Protostellar Jet in Our Galaxy
Authors: Qiu Keping , Wyrowski Friedrich , Menten Karl , Zhang Qizhou , Güsten Rolf
Published: January 2019

Reaching a length of 10 pc projected in the plane of the sky, the radio jet associated with Herbig–Haro (HH) objects 80 and 81 (HH 80–81) is known to be the largest and best collimated protostellar jet in our Galaxy. The nature of the molecular outflow associated with this extraordinary jet remains an unsolved question, and is of great interest for our understanding of the relationship between jets and outflows in high-mass star formation. Here we present Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment CO (6–5) and (7–6), James Clerk Maxwell Telescope CO (3–2), Caltech Submillimeter Observatory CO  (2–1), and Submillimeter Array CO and 13CO (2–1) mapping observations of the outflow. We report on the detection of a two-component outflow consisting of a collimated component along the jet path and a wide-angle component with an opening angle of about 30°. The gas velocity structure suggests that each of the two components traces part of a primary wind. From large velocity gradient calculations of the CO lines, the outflowing gas has a temperature around 88 K, indicating that it is being heated by shocks. Based on the CO (6–5) data, the outflow mass is estimated to be a few M
⊙, dominated by the wide-angle component. A comparison between the HH 80–81 outflow and other well shaped massive outflows suggests that the opening angle of massive outflows continues to increase over time. Therefore, the mass-loss process in the formation of early-B stars seems to be similar to that in low-mass star formation, except that a jet component would disappear as the central source evolved to an ultracompact H ii region.
The Two-dimensional Internal Rotation of KIC 11145123
Authors: Hatta Yoshiki , Sekii Takashi , Takata Masao , Kurtz Donald W.
Published: January 2019

The 2D internal rotation of KIC 11145123 has been inferred via asteroseismology. Based on the optimally localized averaging method and a simple three-zone modeling of the internal rotation, we have found evidence for a contrast between the internal rotation of the radiative region and that of the convective core; the radiative region rotates almost uniformly throughout the region, but the convective core may be rotating about 6 times faster than the radiative region above. We have also found marginally significant evidence of latitudinal differential rotation in the outer envelope. These newly indicated features of the internal rotation of the star can help us further constrain the theory of angular momentum transport inside stars, as well as understand the complex physical properties of the star, which was once thought to be a main-sequence A-type star but recently has been proposed to be a blue straggler, based on spectroscopy.
An Ammonia Spectral Map of the L1495-B218 Filaments in the Taurus Molecular Cloud. II. CCS and HC7N Chemistry and Three Modes of Star Formation in the Filaments
Authors: Seo Young Min , Majumdar Liton , Goldsmith Paul F. , Shirley Yancy L. , Willacy Karen , Ward-Thompson Derek , Friesen Rachel , Frayer David , Church Sarah E. , Chung Dongwoo , Cleary Kieran , Cunningham Nichol , Devaraj Kiruthika , Egan Dennis , Gaier Todd , Gawande Rohit , Gundersen Joshua O. , Harris Andrew I. , Kangaslahti Pekka , Readhead Anthony C. S. , Samoska Lorene , Sieth Matthew , Stennes Michael , Voll Patricia , White Steve
Published: January 2019

We present deep CCS and HC7N observations of the L1495-B218 filaments in the Taurus molecular cloud obtained using the K-band focal plane array on the 100 m Green Bank Telescope. We observed the L1495-B218 filaments in CCS J

N
 = 21–10 and HC7N J = 21−20 with a spectral resolution of 0.038 km s−1 and an angular resolution of 31″. We observed strong CCS emission in both evolved and young regions and weak emission in two evolved regions. HC7N emission is observed only in L1495A-N and L1521D. We find that CCS and HC7N intensity peaks do not coincide with NH3 or dust continuum intensity peaks. We also find that the fractional abundance of CCS does not show a clear correlation with the dynamical evolutionary stage of dense cores. Our findings and chemical modeling indicate that the fractional abundances of CCS and HC7N are sensitive to the initial gas-phase C/O ratio, and they are good tracers of young condensed gas only when the initial C/O is close to solar value. Kinematic analysis using multiple lines, including NH3, HC7N, CCS, CO, HCN, and HCO+, suggests that there may be three different star formation modes in the L1495-B218 filaments. At the hub of the filaments, L1495A/B7N has formed a stellar cluster with large-scale inward flows (fast mode), whereas L1521D, a core embedded in a filament, is slowly contracting because of its self-gravity (slow mode). There is also one isolated core that appears to be marginally stable and may undergo quasi-static evolution (isolated mode).
Checklist of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) from small diversified vegetable farms in south-western Montana
Authors: Delphia Casey , Griswold Terry , Reese Elizabeth , O'Neill Kevin , Burkle Laura
Published: January 2019

Over three years (2013-2015), we sampled bees using nets and bowl traps on four diversified vegetable farms in Gallatin County, Montana, USA, as part of a study evaluating the use of wildflower strips for supporting wild bees and crop pollination services on farmlands (Delphia et al. In prep). We document 202 species and morphospecies from 32 genera within five families, of which 25 species represent the first published state records for Montana. This study increases our overall understanding of the distribution of wild bee species associated with agroecosystems of the northern US Rockies, which is important for efforts aimed at conserving bee biodiversity and supporting sustainable crop pollination systems on farmlands.

We provide a species list of wild bees associated with diversified farmlands in Montana and increase the number of published bee species records in the state from 374 to at least 399. The list includes new distributional records for 25 wild bee species, including two species that represent considerable expansions of their known ranges, Lasioglossum (Dialictus) clematisellum (Cockerell 1904) with previously published records from New Mexico, Arizona, California and Utah and Melissodes (Eumelissodes) niveus Robertson 1895 which was reported to range from New York to Minnesota and Kansas, south to North Carolina, Alabama and Mississippi.
Description of Aeminiaceae fam. nov., Aeminium gen. nov. and Aeminium ludgeri sp. nov. (Capnodiales), isolated from a biodeteriorated art-piece in the Old Cathedral of Coimbra, Portugal
Authors: Trovão João , Tiago Igor , Soares Fabiana , Paiva Diana Sofia , Mesquita Nuno , Coelho Catarina , Catarino Lídia , Gil Francisco , Portugal António
Published: January 2019

When colonizing stone monuments, microcolonial black fungi are considered one of the most severe and resistant groups of biodeteriorating organisms, posing a very difficult challenge to conservators and biologists working with cultural heritage preservation. During an experimental survey aimed to isolate fungi from a biodeteriorated limestone art piece in the Old Cathedral of Coimbra, Portugal (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), an unknown microcolonial black fungus was retrieved. The isolated fungus was studied through a complete examination based on multilocus phylogeny of a combined dataset of ITS rDNA, LSU and rpb2, in conjunction with morphological, physiological, and ecological characteristics. This integrative analysis allows for the description of a new family, Aeminiaceae fam. nov., a new genus Aeminium gen. nov., and a new species, Aeminiumludgeri sp. nov., in the order Capnodiales.
Les deux corps du malade du cancer. Politiques du cancer, témoignage et asymétrie des savoirs
Authors: Raveneau Gilles
Published: January 2019

Le développement de la biomédecine et son influence grandissante sont les éléments fondamentaux d’une nouvelle culture de soi qui place le corps au centre de ses préoccupations et qui transforme le sens donné au fait d’être malade du cancer. La médecine en vient à s’occuper non seulement des malades mais des bien-portants, développant un discours probabiliste du risque de cancer et augmentant de ce fait le nombre des personnes qui vivent avec la peur d’une tumeur maligne. Dans ces conditions, il devient difficile aux individus d’échapper à l’autorité biomédicale. Cette nouvelle approche, prise entre l’intime et le politique, produit deux conceptions du corps : l’une est sensible, attachée à un vécu du cancer à la première personne, celui d’un sujet souffrant ; l’autre est abstraite, liée à l’essor des technosciences dans le domaine biomédical et concerne le corps vivant instrumentalisé par la médecine. C’est ce dédoublement que cet article interroge en faisant l’hypothèse que l’articulation entre les deux corps est largement défaillante et passe par des formes d’ignorance réciproque.
Soutenir les capacités sociales précoces des jeunes enfants… et accompagner les rencontres entre pairs
Authors: Libertiny Zsuzsa
Published: January 2019

De 1 à 3 ans, le développement des compétences sociales chez l’enfant (communication, coopération, recherche de consensus) est influencé par les situations de rencontres avec l’adulte, lors de tâches à effectuer ensemble. Il s’agit de situations quotidiennes de soin (change de couche, mouchage du nez, etc.). L’adulte suit également les interactions entre les enfants, fait office de médiateur dans les situations difficiles, car apprendre à coopérer avec ses pairs est un long processus.
L’espace potentiel, lieu de socialisation
Authors: Catteeuw Laurie
Published: January 2019

L’observation des jeunes enfants en crèche a montré qu’ils posaient de manière récurrente les questions classiques de la philosophie, interrogeant la finitude humaine, l’autorité, la justice, l’identité, etc. C’est donc comme philosophe que j’ai souhaité cibler mon action auprès d’eux. En proposant un atelier de parole, durant plusieurs mois, de manière régulière et construite, nous avons créé ensemble un espace potentiel. Cet espace de liberté, à la fois concret et abstrait, réel et imaginaire, s’est révélé être un lieu déterminant de la socialisation du premier âge.
Effect of Low-Intensity, Kinect™-Based Kaimai-Style Qigong Exercise in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Cai Hong , Li Guichen , Jiang Shengqian , Yin Huiru , Liu Peng , Chen Li
Published: January 2019

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of low-intensity, Kinect™-based Kaimai-style Qigong exercise among older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A non-randomized controlled trial was conducted in a community center in Changchun, China, from July to September 2017. Participants (
N
= 55) were assigned to the Qigong group or control group. Participants in the Qigong group received 30-minute Kinect-based Kaimai-style Qigong sessions three times per week for 12 weeks. Participants in the control group were waitlisted. Body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and lipid level, as well as Mini-Mental State Examination and Berg Balance Scale scores, were measured at baseline and postintervention. The Qigong group showed decreases in weight (
p
= 0.002), BMI (
p
= 0.004), HbA1c (
p
= 0.001), and FBG (
p
= 0.018) after the intervention. The Qigong group also showed improvements in cognitive (
p
≤ 0.001) and balance (
p
≤ 0.001) function. The Kinect-based Kaimai-style Qigong intervention was effective in reducing HbA1c and improving balance and cognitive function in older adults with T2DM. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 45
(2), 42–52.]
Cucumis melo L. seeds as a promising source of oil naturally rich in biologically active substances: compositional characteristics, phenolic compounds and thermal properties
Authors: Mallek-Ayadi S. , Bahloul N. , Kechaou N.
Published: January 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the characteristic features, phenolic compounds and thermal analysis of melon seed oil (Maazoun variety), in order to determine its potential applications in food or pharmaceutical industries. The physicochemical properties of the seed oil revealed a high degree of unsaturation. The average contents of carotenoid and chlorophyll were 2.43 mg/kg and 5.70 mg/kg, respectively. The main fatty acids of melon seed oil were linoleic acid (68.98%) and oleic acid (15.84%), which makes this oil nutritionally valuable. Furthermore, trilinolein (LLL), accounted for 28.99% and constitutes the most abundant triacylglycerol. A chromatographic analysis showed that amentoflavone and luteolin-7-glycoside were the major phenolic compounds. A thermal analysis of melon seed oil was performed by differential scanning calorimetery (DSC). The results of sensorial properties indicated that melon seed oil is appreciated by tasters. The findings suggested that because of its composition, melon seed oil could be used successfully as an alternative source in the food and nutraceutical industries as a functional ingredient.
Flavored olive oils: focus on their acceptability and thermal stability
Authors: Issaouia M. , Bendini A. , Souid S. , Flamini G. , Barbieri S. , Gallina Toschi T. , Hammami M.
Published: January 2019

The presence of flavored olive oils (FOO) on the market represents an answer to an increasing consumer demand for novel and healthy food. This work aims to compare the sensory acceptability and the thermal stability of FOO prepared by mixing different flavors (lemon, onion, garlic, paprika) to an extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) also used as the control sample. 96 Tunisian citizens were involved in a consumer test and the lemon flavored oil was the most liked whereas the least liked was the oil with onion. Samples were subjected to different heat treatments (60 °C, 100 °C, 200 °C for 1, 2, 4, 8 hours) and the flavor addition did not influence the EVOO stability when samples were heated at 60 °C, whereas at 200 °C the FOO with onion and garlic showed higher oxidative stability. The thermo-oxidation process at 60 °C and at 100 °C of the FOOs was not detrimental for the volatile compound markers but the effect was noticeable for all these markers at 200 °C.
Oxidative stability of UV irradiated and X-rayed soybean oil incorporated with rose oil
Authors: Golmakani M. T. , Barani S. , Alavi N. , Tahsiri Z.
Published: January 2019

The effects of UV radiation and X-ray on the oxidative stability of soybean oil were investigated. Also, rose oil was incorporated into soybean oil and its antioxidant activity was compared with that of α-tocopherol during accelerated storage. Treating the samples with radiation (UV and X-ray) stimulated the oxidation process in soybean oil in comparison with samples that did not receive radiation. X-rayed samples had significantly higher amounts of oxidation products than UV irradiated samples. The X-ray caused more oxidation in the samples due to its higher energy content. Also, the antioxidant activity of rose oil was comparable with that of α-tocopherol.
Variations in fatty acid composition and oxidative stability of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) varieties stored by traditional method
Authors: Karaosmanoğlu H. , Üstün N. Ş.
Published: January 2019

In this study, the changes in fatty acid composition, peroxide number, free fatty acids, oleic acid/ linoleic acid (O/L) and iodine value (IV) were investigated during the traditional storage of hazelnuts. The samples were selected from Giresun Quality Tombul, Kara and Sivri hazelnut varieties with economical prescription. Samples were stored according to the conventional methods in external interference-free warehouses until the next harvest time. At the end of storage, the amount of oleic acid in all varieties increased while the amount of linoleic acid decreased. Even though an increase in the free fatty acids and peroxide number in all types of hazelnuts during storage was determined, the values were considerably lower than the rancidity limits at the end of the storage period. As a result of the study it was observed that the hazelnut shell is an important preservative during storage and that hazelnuts can be preserved until the next harvest period under simple storage conditions.
Mid-infrared spectroscopic detection of sunflower oil adulteration with safflower oil
Authors: Uncu O. , Ozen B. , Tokatli F.
Published: January 2019

The oil industry is in need of rapid analysis techniques to differentiate mixtures of safflower-sunflower oils from pure oils. The current adulteration detection methods are generally cumbersome and detection limits are questionable. The aim of this study was to test the capability of a mid-infrared spectroscopic method to detect the adulteration of sunflower oil with safflower oil compared to fatty acid analysis. Mid-infrared spectra of pure oils and their mixtures at the 10–60% range were obtained at 4000–650 cm-1 wavenumber and fatty acid profiles were determined. Data were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis techniques. The lowest level of detection was obtained with mid-infrared spectroscopy at 30% while the fatty acid profile could determine adulteration at around 60%. Adulteration levels were predicted successfully using PLS regression analysis of infrared data with R2 (calibration) = 0.96 and R2 (validation) = 0.93. As a rapid and minimum waste generating technique, mid-infrared spectroscopy could be a useful tool for the screening of raw material to detect safflower-sunflower oil mixtures.
Geographic variation in fatty acid composition and food source of the commercial clam (Venerupis decussata, Linnaeus, 1758), from the Tunisian Coast: Trophic links
Authors: Bejaoui S. , Boussoufa D. , Telahigue K. , Chetoui I. , Ghribi F. , Rabeh I. , El Cafsi M.
Published: January 2019

Lake and coastal Tunisian areas are rich biodiversity habitats, although little information is available about the distribution of food sources for the inhabitant species. In this study, a fatty acid analysis was used to study the trophic ecology of Venerupis decussatac ommunities from 10 sites located along the Tunisian Coast. The richest population in fatty acids was found in S4 followed by S5 and S8, while that of S1, S3 and S10 were the least rich. Results from multivariate analysis confirmed the ecological position of the studied population based on their fatty acid composition. Our results divided the ten studied populations into three similar groups according to their ecological and geographical positions in relation to environmental parameters and food and trophic links. A principal component analysis revealed that diatoms and dinoflagellates were the predominate diets in all the sampling stations. Bacteria and urban discharge dominated the dietary source of clams from S10 and S9. Zooplankton were the preferred diet of V. decussata harvested from the two S2 and S3 lakes; although green algae, phytoplankton and detritus were absent from the dietary source of the two previous populations. Despite spatial differences, clams from the north and the south could be easily distinguished from each other, which indicates the utility of this method in the dietary analysis of different food chain links. This study proves that geographic, ecologic and abiotic factors as well as their mutual interaction should be properly investigated in studies focusing on the trophic chains of aquatic ecosystems.
Pharmaceutical applications and consequent environmental impacts of Spirulina (Arthrospira): An overview
Authors: Shao W. , Ebaid R. , El-Sheekh M. , Abomohra A. , Eladel H.
Published: January 2019

Recently, microalgae cultivation for different applications, including the production of nutritional and pharmaceutical active compounds has received increasing attention. Among the different genera, Spirulina (Arthrospira sp.) is one of the most promising blue-green microalgae (Cyanophyta) because it is rich in antioxidants, essential amino acids (EAAs), minerals, proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamins. It has a high protein content (60-70% of the dry weight), which is a complete protein, i.e. containing all EAAs. Therefore, Spirulina is currently a commercial product with high nutritional value and also a significant source of complementary and alternative medicine. The objective of the present work was to review the pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications of Spirulina, especially its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity and anti-toxicity properties. The results were obtained from experiments in the literature performed in vitro and in vivo using experimental animals. The main reported active ingredients in Spirulina include phycocyanin, tocopherol, β-carotene, caffeic acids and chlorogenic acid, which showed individual or synergetic effects. In addition, the present review discusses the future perspectives of genetically modified Spirulina as a source for industrial products while producing valuable biomass photoautotrophically. Furthermore, the consequent environmental impacts of large-scale cultivation of Spirulina are discussed.
Manufacture of ceramics with high mechanical properties from red mud and granite waste
Authors: Gonzalez-Triviño I. , Pascual-Cosp J. , Moreno B. , Benítez-Guerrero M.
Published: January 2019

Red mud (bauxite residue) is an alkaline suspension that is the by-product of alumina production via the Bayer process. Its elevated annual production and the global inventory of red mud determine its valorisation. Granite can be used as a source of fluxing oxides for the ceramic industry, as can the flake-shaped waste generated during the flaming of granite. In this work, a set of ceramic pieces made of red mud and granite waste are prepared and characterised via X-ray diffraction, a hardness test, electron scanning microscopy, a leaching test, and determining open porosity, water absorption, bulk density and flexural strength of the samples. The main crystalline phases in the high-temperature fired products are hematite, pseudobrookite and anorthite; the presence of magnetite reveals their ferrimagnetic character. All samples present high mechanical properties. Leaching results are below critical levels established by regulations.
Use of a rapid roadside survey to detect potentially invasive plant species along the Garden Route, South Africa
Authors: Baard Johan A. , Kraaij Tineke
Published: January 2019

Early detection of emerging or sleeper weeds and monitoring of alien plant invasions forms the foundation of effective invasive alien plant management. Using a rapid roadside survey technique, we aimed to (1) establish a baseline of alien plant distribution and abundance along roads in the Garden Route, South Africa, and (2) identify priority species (particularly sleeper weeds) and priority areas to inform appropriate management action. We surveyed along 530 km of roads and recorded 109 alien and/or extralimital species across 1942 point locations. Of these, 35 species were considered to be sleeper weeds on account of displaying estimated dispersal distances distinctive of invasive plants and not being listed by the South African Plant Invaders Atlas (SAPIA) or regulated by South African legislation. Roads along natural forest and fynbos vegetation (often within the Garden Route National Park) displayed lower incidences of alien plants than those associated with degraded or transformed land, with roads along farmland associated with the highest incidences of alien plants. Roads in the Southern Cape region had more species and higher densities of alien plants than roads in the Tsitsikamma region, and a few species were exclusive to either.Conservation implications: Our inventory contributed significant new records and range extensions to SAPIA, while the identified sleeper weeds offered suggestions for species that may be considered for regulation under the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act of South Africa. We furthermore provided information to facilitate (1) timely management of emerging invasive alien plants, (2) prioritisation of species and areas for management action, and (3) future monitoring of alien plants in the Garden Route National Park and surrounds.
Londres tras el Brexit: la campaña de comunicación #LondonIsOpen en defensa de la identidad de la ciudad
Authors: Blay-Arráez Rocío , Antón-Carrillo Elvira , López Font Lorena
Published: January 2019

Introducción: Esta investigación toma como punto de partida un hecho histórico, la mayoría de la población de UK votó salir de la Unión Europea el 23 de junio de 2016. Sin embargo, el resultado del referéndum en Londres fue permanecer con un 75,3% de votos. Esto presenta un escenario contrario a los valores de la ciudad, donde lo multicultural y la diversidad forman parte de su identidad. Este trabajo selecciona como caso de estudio la campaña de comunicación iniciada por el alcalde de Londres, Sadiq Khan, para contrarrestar el Brexit. La campaña #LondonIsOpen como expresión creadora donde los ciudadanos han revolucionado las acciones institucionales. Metodología: Se plantea como metodología cualitativa, el análisis de contenido de las piezas audiovisuales, cuyos objetivos son: 1. Detectar metodologías innovadoras, 2. Describir los colectivos involucrados, 3. Analizar la eficacia de las acciones. Resultados y conclusiones: Las conclusiones presentan cuáles han sido las claves de la gran participación, la paradoja de que la iniciativa surja de un líder político y la credibilidad que ha obtenido su campaña.
Archaeological documentation and data sharing: digital surveying and open data approach applied to archaeological fieldworks
Authors: Previtali Mattia , Valente Riccardo
Published: January 2019

The open data paradigm is changing the research approach in many fields such as remote sensing and the social sciences. This is supported by governmental decisions and policies that are boosting the open data wave, and in this context archaeology is also affected by this new trend. In many countries, archaeological data are still protected or only limited access is allowed. However, the strong political and economic support for the publication of government data as open data will change the accessibility and disciplinary expertise in the archaeological field too. In order to maximize the impact of data, their technical openness is of primary importance. Indeed, since a spreadsheet is more usable than a PDF of a table, the availability of digital archaeological data, which is structured using standardised approaches, is of primary importance for the real usability of published data. In this context, the main aim of this paper is to present a workflow for archaeological data sharing as open data with a large level of technical usability and interoperability. Primary data is mainly acquired through the use of digital techniques (e.g. digital cameras and terrestrial laser scanning). The processing of this raw data is performed with commercial software for scan registration and image processing, allowing for a simple and semi-automated workflow. Outputs obtained from this step are then processed in modelling and drawing environments to generate digital models, both 2D and 3D. These crude geometrical data are then enriched with further information to generate a Geographic Information System (GIS) which is finally published as open data using Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards to maximise interoperability.

Highlights:

Open data will change the accessibility and disciplinary expertise in the archaeological field.

The main aim of this paper is to present a workflow for archaeological data sharing as open data with a large level of interoperability.

Digital acquisition techniques are used to document archaeological excavations and a Geographic Information System (GIS) is generated that is published as open data.
História e variação morfossintática entre o quimbundo e o português na região de Kwanza Norte, em Angola: formação do plural, concordância de gênero e formação do diminutivo e do aumentativo dos substantivos
Authors: Osório Paulo , Lourenço António João
Published: January 2019

A pesquisa aqui apresentada baseia-se no estudo da convivência entre duas línguas – quimbundo e português – no município de Cazengo-Ndalatando, uma província da região Kwanza Norte, em Angola. Uma observação sociolinguística do contato e uso simultâneo entre as duas línguas mostra claramente situações de interferência do quimbundo na língua portuguesa (língua oficial em Angola), o que é possível comprovar pela análise linguística de enunciados orais recolhidos diretamente na zona geográfica em questão e cujo juízo de aceitação linguística foi atestado por um dos autores deste trabalho, que é falante nativo de quimbundo. Neste artigo são, assim, analisados três fenômenos linguísticos de interferência do quimbundo no português, indicadores de variação morfossintática nos registros orais da língua portuguesa: formação do plural, concordância de gênero, além da formação do diminutivo e do aumentativo dos substantivos.
O uso de pronomes possessivos com referência ao destinatário em cartas pessoais de evangélicos do século XX
Authors: De Araújo Francisco Jardes Nobre
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo descreve e analisa o uso dos possessivos ‘teu’, ‘seu’ e ‘vosso’ numa amostra de língua escrita composta por 44 cartas destinadas a um pastor evangélico, um dos pioneiros na difusão da Assembleia de Deus pelo Norte e Nordeste do Brasil durante o século XX. Tomando como constituintes de uma comunidade de prática os remetentes dessas cartas, analisa-se o emprego dos possessivos à luz da Teoria do Poder e da Solidariedade (BROWN; GILMAN, 1960), considerando-se que o sistema pronominal encontra-se em variação (WEINREICH; LABOV; HERZOG, 1968) e aplicando-se a metodologia da Sociolinguística Histórica (CONDE SILVESTRE, 2007). Os resultados apontam para um sistema relativamente em conflito, em que os usos dos pronomes não se dão categoricamente conforme as relações entre remetente e destinatário, porém as formas ‘teu’, ‘seu’ e ‘vosso’ obedecem, em uma medida considerável, à semântica do poder e da solidariedade descrita por Brown e Gilman (1960).
Compostos com síndrome e complexo no português brasileiro: uma abordagem construcional
Authors: Simões Neto Natival Almeida
Published: January 2019

Neste trabalho, serão estudados os compostos instanciados pelos esquemas [Síndrome [X]]N e [Complexo [SP]]N, com base nos pressupostos teóricos da Morfologia Construcional (BOOIJ, 2010; GONÇALVES, 2016). Os dados foram coletados em publicações de sites brasileiros, no século XXI. Alguns exemplos encontrados são síndrome de Peterpan, complexo de Wendy, complexo de vira-lata, complexo de Cinderela e síndrome de Dona Florinda. Este estudo ainda visa contribuir com as discussões acerca da herança semântica em relação aos compostos. Para isso, foi revisitada a pouca literatura sobre o assunto, o que inclui Corbin (1990), Booij (2017) e Soledade (2018a), tendo esses autores atentado mais contundentemente para aspectos da derivação sufixal.
Metáforas militares e construção da bipolaridade
Authors: Lara Camila De Almeida , Da Silva Fábio Luiz Lopes
Published: January 2019

Este trabalho busca investigar a emergência de metáforas conceptuais em textos publicados na Revista Debates em Psiquiatria entre os anos de 2011 e 2015 cuja temática gira em torno do transtorno bipolar. Os objetivos deste texto são investigar quais metáforas poderiam ser deduzidas a partir das expressões linguísticas utilizadas pela classe médica em matérias acerca do transtorno bipolar, além de analisar como a expressão da experiência psiquiátrica relacionada a uma suposta doença mental pode dar indícios sobre sua conceptualização. O trabalho assume a metáfora não como simples figura retórica, mas como uma operação cognitiva fundamental que, a partir dos estudos seminais de Lakoff e Johnson, passa a ser percebida como componente essencial da linguagem cotidiana e do modo ordinário de conceptualizar o mundo.Os resultados apontam que a conceptualização da suposta doença baseia-se em um número relativamente pequeno de domínios-fonte com prevalência do domínio guerra.
Ih!!! como Pilatos: um fantasma moderno
Authors: Cattelan João Carlos
Published: January 2019

Tenho como objetivo neste trabalho, postando-me no mirante de quem produz um ensaio, analisar um conjunto de perguntas e respostas de uma pesquisa realizada pelo IPEA sobre “família e casamento e violência doméstica, psicológica, patrimonial e sexual” (sobretudo aquelas que dizem respeito à violência doméstica), que foi publicada em 28 de março de 2014. Pretendo, por meio da análise de parte deste questionário, atentar para um princípio de funcionamento discursivo que denomino como “síndrome de Pilatos”, querendo, com isso, significar que, diante de problemas de que tomamos conhecimento, optamos por “lavar as mãos”, por assumir que não podemos nos envolver e por encontrar alguém sobre quem possamos colocar a culpa e a responsabilidade, com isso, omitindo-se de nos imiscuir naquilo que poderíamos, talvez, ajudar a equacionar.
Magnetic resonance imaging spectrum of intracranial tubercular lesions: one disease, many faces
Authors: Khatri Garvit Devmohan , Krishnan Venkatram , Antil Neha , Saigal Gaurav
Published: January 2019

Tuberculosis is a devastating disease and has shown resurgence in recent years with the advent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Central nervous system involvement is the most devastating form of the disease, comprising 10% of all tuberculosis cases. The causative organism, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, incites a granulomatous inflammatory response in the brain, the effects of which can be appreciated on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which can thus be used for diagnosis of the same. Neurotuberculosis can present in various patterns, which can be identified on MRI. The meningeal forms include leptomeningitis and pachymeningitis. Parenchymal forms of neurotuberculosis include tuberculoma in its various stages, tubercular cerebritis and abscess, tubercular rhombencephalitis, and tubercular encephalopathy. Each pattern has characteristic MRI appearances and differential diagnoses on imaging. Complications of neurotuberculosis, usually of tubercular meningitis, include hydrocephalus, vasculitis, and infarcts as well as cranial nerve palsies. Various MRI sequences besides the conventional ones can provide additional insight into the disease, help in quantifying the disease load, and help in differentiation of neurotuberculosis from conditions with similar imaging appearances and presentations. These can enable accurate and timely diagnosis by the radiologist and early institution of treatment in order to reduce the likelihood of permanent neurological sequelae.
Characteristics of layered occurrence ratio of polar mesosphere summer echoes observed by EISCAT VHF 224 MHz Radar
Authors: Ge Shucan , Li Hailong , Xu Tong , Zhu Mengyan , Wang Maoyan , Meng Lin
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Polar Mesosphere Summer Echoes (PMSE) are strong radar echoes observed in polar mesopause during local summer. Measurements of layered PMSE observed by the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association Very high frequency (EISCAT VHF) radar from 2004 to 2015 in the latest solar cycle, can be used to study the variations of PMSE occurrence ratio (OR). The seasonal variation of PMSE mono-, double- and tri-layer occurrence ratio was analyzed, and there is different seasonal behavior. A method was given to calculate the PMSE mono-, double- and tri-layer occurrence ratio under different electron density threshold conditions. In addition, the correlation between PMSE layered occurrence ratios and solar 10.7 cm flux index (F10.7), and the correlation between PMSE layered occurrence ratios and geomagnetic K index were analyzed respectively in this study. It can be obtained that PMSE mono-, double- and tri-layer OR are positively correlated with the K index. The correlation coefficient between PMSE mono- and double-layer OR and F10.7 is weak, and the PMSE tri-layer OR has a negative correlation with F10.7.
Development and Validation of a Dense 18-Year Time Series of Surface Water Fraction Estimates from MODIS for the Mediterranean Region
Authors: Li Linlin , Skidmore Andrew , Vrieling Anton , Wang Tiejun
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Detailed knowledge on surface water distribution and its changes is of high importance for water management and biodiversity conservation. Landsat-based assessments of surface water, such as the Global Surface Water (GSW) dataset developed by the European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), may not capture important changes in surface water during months with considerable cloud cover. This results in large temporal gaps in the Landsat record that prevent accurate assessment of surface water dynamics. Here we show that the frequent global acquisitions by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) sensors can compensate for this shortcoming, and in addition allow for examining surface water changes at fine temporal resolution. To account for water bodies smaller than a MODIS cell, we developed a global rule-based regression model for estimating surface water fraction from a 500 m nadir reflectance product from MODIS (MCD43A4). The model was trained and evaluated with the GSW monthly water history datasets. A high estimation accuracy (R2 = 0.91, RMSE = 11.41 %, MAE = 6.39 %) was achieved. We then applied the algorithm to 18 years of MODIS data (2000–2017) to generate a time series of surface water fraction maps at 8-day interval for the Mediterranean. From these maps we derived metrics including the mean annual maximum, standard deviation and seasonality of surface water. The dynamic surface water extent estimates from MODIS were compared with the results from GSW and water level data measured in situ or by satellite altimetry, yielding similar temporal patterns. Our datasets complement surface water products at fine spatial resolution by adding more temporal detail, which permits effective monitoring and assessment of the seasonal, inter-annual and long-term variability of water resources, inclusive of small water bodies.
UNIVERSITETO STUDENTŲ MITYBOS ĮPROČIAI IR VARTOJAMO MAISTO KOKYBĖ
Authors: Strazdienė Neringa , Strukčinskienė Birutė , Griškonis Sigitas
Published: January 2019

Studijų laikotarpiu keičiasi jaunų žmonių gyvenimo sąlygos, didėja užimtumas, prasideda savarankiškas gyvenimas, keičiasi vertybės ir gyvensena. Studijų metu didėja protinis ir fizinis krūvis, kuris turėtų būti kompensuojamas visaverte mityba. Tačiau šiuo laiko­tarpiu lengvai įgyjami netinkami gyvensenos įpročiai, kurie gali turėti neigiamų pasekmių ateityje. Tyrimo tikslas buvo analizuoti Klaipėdos universiteto stu­dentų mitybos įpročius bei vartojamo maisto kokybę.

Metodai. Kiekybiniam tyrimui pasirinkta apklausa raštu. Tyrimas buvo atliktas 2017 metais Klaipėdos universitete. Apklausoje raštu dalyvavo 542 įvairių fakultetų studentai (286 merginos ir 256 vaikinai).

Rezultatai ir išvados. Tyrimas atskleidė studentų nuo­monę apie maisto produktų pasirinkimo kriterijus. Apie pusė apklaustų merginų maisto produktus ren­kasi atsižvelgdamos į jų sudėtį, daugiau nei trečdaliui vaikinų yra svarbi maisto produktų prekinė išvaizda. Trečdaliui merginų ir vaikinų renkantis maisto pro­duktus yra svarbi jų kaina. Studentės merginos atsa­kingiau renkasi maisto produktus nei studentai vaiki­nai. Renkantis maisto produktus studentams svarbios jų savybės – šviežumas, skonis ir aromatas. Daugiau kaip pusė merginų ir vaikinų ekologiškus maisto pro­duktus vartoja tik kartais. Merginos dažniau vartoja ekologiškus maisto produktus nei vaikinai. Studentai vaikinai dažniau vartoja greitą maistą nei studentės merginos. Merginų ir vaikinų pietų valgymo įpročiai panašūs: beveik trečdalis studentų visai nepietauja ir tik nedaugelis nešasi į paskaitas (ar darbą) pietums namuose pagamintą maistą. Vaikinai dažniau valgo per dieną nei merginos, tačiau visų studentų mityba nėra pakankamai reguliari.
SLAUGOS PROCESŲ VALDYMAS LIGONINĖSE
Authors: Vaitiekienė Jurgita
Published: January 2019

Slauga – tokia pat svarbi sudėtinė sveikatos priežiūros proceso dalis kaip diagnostika ir gydymas. Ligoni­nėse teikiama daug įvairių slaugos paslaugų, todėl slaugos kokybei užtikrinti skiriamas ypatingas dėme­sys. Slaugytojų darbas yra kryptingas ir nuoseklus, atliekamas turint aiškų tikslą, naudojant tinkamiausius veiklos metodus. Tinkamą slaugą garantuoja tik geras jos organizavimas ir tvirti slaugos mokslo bei prakti­kos pagrindai. Pagal Pasaulio sveikatos organizaciją (PSO) asmens sveikatos priežiūra yra slaugos esmė, o būdas, kaip slaugytojas tai atlieka, yra slaugos pro­ceso esmė. Paciento priežiūra reikalauja apgalvotos, organizuotos veiklos. Holistinė nuostata į žmogaus sveikatą žvelgti kaip į visumą skatina atsisakyti ruti­ninio požiūrio vertinti slaugos kokybę kaip tinkamai atliktų procedūrų kompleksą.

Slaugos kokybė yra glaudžiai susijusi su sveikatos priežiūros veiksmingumu. Tai vienas pagrindinių elementų pacientų sveikatos priežiūroje. Siekiant užtikrinti nuolatinį slaugos proceso palaikymą ir veiksmingumą, Klaipėdos universitetinės ligoninės vadovybė ne rečiau kaip vieną kartą per metus atlieka vadovybinę vertinamąją analizę. Vertinamosios ana­lizės metu nustatomos gerinimo galimybės, poreikis keisti kokybės vadybos sistemą (KVS), įvertinama kokybės politika bei matuojami kokybės tikslai.

Nustatydama tikslus, ligoninės vadovybė atsižvelgia į paciento poreikius, vadovybės vertinamosios anali­zės rezultatus, pacientų pasitenkinimą, gerinimo ga­limybes bei išteklių poreikį. Šie tikslai yra suderinti su ligoninės kokybės politika.
Edward Said: Post-colonial Discourse and Its Impact on Literature
Authors: Mtairi Naifa Al
Published: January 2019

This paper highlights Edward Said’s ideology for discerning literary texts that followed the colonial period as a post-colonial discourse. Though some scholars disapprove that notion, Said holds the view that literature is a product of contested social and economic relationships. The West attempts to represent the East and consequently dominates it, not only for knowledge but for political power as well. He assures the worldliness of texts and their interferences with disciplines, cultures and history. Thus, the post-colonial critic should consider the post-colonial literature that might take the form of traditional European literature or the role of the migrant writer in portraying the experience of their countries. The pot-colonial theory with its focus on the misrepresentation of the colonized by the colonizer and the former’s attitude of resistance, draws new lines for literature and suggests a way of reading which resists imperialist ideologies.
Historia y educación. Observaciones sobre una cultura decadente y una ascendente
Authors: Aicardi Alegría Renato
Published: January 2019

A partir de la segunda intempestiva nietzscheana, De la utilidad y los inconvenientes de la historia para la vida, se intentará abordar la problemática de la educación –desde una perspectiva de la enseñanza de la historia– considerando cuáles son sus fines y cuáles sus vicios, entendiendo, junto con el filósofo alemán, que la noción de una educación radicalmente docta sólo contribuye al embotamiento de la cultura, a diferencia de, y esa es la propuesta, una educación basada en la experiencia vital de los individuos.