bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Aktivitas Pemeliharaan dengan Metode Reliability pada Sistem Main Rotor Blade Helikopter BELL 412EP Studi Kasus Penerbad Semarang
Authors: Rahmanto Bayu , Setiawan Ferry , Sofyan Edi
Published: January 2023

BENGPUSPENERBAD is a central workshop specifically owned by the Indonesian Army in Semarang, where aircraft and helicopters are subject to preventive and corrective maintenance. During the period 2018-2020 the BELL 412 EP helicopters often experienced unscheduled maintenance which resulted in losses resulting in flight failure, this was due to a malfunction in the Main Rotor Blade system. The malfunction of the Main Rotor Blade system is dominated by the hub component, namely on the shaft associated with Crack, Noise and Burn damage, and blade components, namely Corrosions, Nicks, Scratches, Dents, Deformation Holes and Crack. Therefore, the aim of this study is to eliminate failure system and unscheduled maintenance.

To eliminate failure and unscheduled maintenance, the authors perform an analysis with the FMEA method and calculate using the distribution method, then design the appropriate activities on the system. The data used for analysis are qualitative and quantitative data, where the authors use data from Time To Failure (TTF) and Time To Repair (TTR).

According to calculations using the current distribution we found that the Main Rotor Blade system was on time during the 200 operational flight hours, for which the reliability figure was 0.70. Maintenance activities in accordance with the operational conditions of the main rotor blade operating system are preventive maintenance with activities for tool preparation, inspection or chek, dismantling and servicing, and finally installation and finishing activities.
Analisis Beban Kerja Mental pada Operator Dump Truck dengan Metode Nasa-TLX
Authors: Muh Anhar  , Darsini  , Muhadi
Published: January 2023

Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) merupakan tenaga kerja, karyawan, buruh atau pegawai yang bekerja pada sebuah perusahaan. SDM adalah salah satu aspek penting untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisien sebuah perusahaan. PT. Saptaindra Sejati (PT. SIS) merupakan sebuah perusahaan pertambangan batu bara di Kalimantan. Operator merupakan salah satu bagian dalam perusahaan, sehingga memiliki peranan penting untuk produksi. Kelelahan pada operator akan menimbulkan efek beban mental yang berlebih, sehingga menurunkan angka produktif. Penelitian ini membahas tentang analisa beban kerja mental pada operator dump truck. Untuk mengetahui tingkat beban mental operator dump truck, peneliti menggunakan metode NASA-TLX. Dengan metode NASA-TLX akan tingkatan besaran beban mental kerja operator. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tingkat indikator beban kerja metal operator masuk kategori tinggi. Indikator yang tertinggi adalah Frustation Level (FR) dengan nilai 24%, tertinggi kedua Mental Demand (MD) dan Effort (EF) dengan nilai keduanya 17%, selanjutnya Own Performance (OP) 16%, dan yang paling rendah adalah Physical Demand (PD) dan Temporal Demand (PD) dengan nilai keduanya 13%.
Pengaruh Cita Rasa Dan Promosi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Di Mustep Indonesian Coffee Palangka Raya
Authors: Embang Evander Kristian
Published: January 2023

Tujuan, - Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh cita rasa dan promosi secara parsial dan simultan terhadap keputusan pembelian di Mustep Indonesian coffee palangka raya.
Desain/Methodologi/Pendekatan -  Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen di mustep indonesian coffee palangkaraya dengan jumlah 83 responden dan yang dijadikan sampel berjumlah 80 responden.Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. 
Temuan penelitian - Hasil penelitan ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel cita rasa (X1) dan promosi (X2) valid dan reliabel.Hasil uji F dan uji t dalam penelitian ini diterima dan hipotesis terdukung. Persyaratan uji asumsi klasik dalam penelitian ini telah terpenuhi. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa cita rasa dan promosi berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian di mustep indonesian coffee palangka raya baik secara parsial maupun simultan.
Pengaruh Likuiditas, Solvabilitas dan Aktivitas terhadap Profitabilitas pada Perusahaan Farmasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI)
Authors: Sundari  , Solikhah Nurwati  , Jonfrid Siae
Published: January 2023

Tujuan, - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Likuditas, Solvabilitas dan Aktivitas terhadap Profitabilitas pada Perusahaan Farmasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI)
Desain/Methodologi/Pendekatan -  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kausal komparatif (Causal-Comparative Research). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode purposive sampling pada 10 perusahaan farmasi yang terdaftar di BEI. Selanjutnya data yang diperoleh diolah dengan metode statistik menggunakan program SPSS.
Temuan penelitian - Berdasarkan uji hipotesis yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa variabel likuiditas dan solvabilitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, sedangkan rasio aktivitas tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas.
Orsinalitas/nilai – Kepada peneliti selanjutnya dapat mengembangkan penelitian ini dengan memperbanyak jumlah sampel, menggunakan periode yang lebih panjang dan menambah variabel-variabel bebas yang dapat mempengaruhi profitabilitas, sehingga dapat menunjukkan kondisi perusahaan yang sesungguhnya.
Pengaruh dimensi komitmen organisasi terhadap perilaku kerja proaktif pegawai pada Kantor Sekretariat Daerah Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Novena Nanda , Retawati Anike , Anden Trecy
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penjelasan secara empiris tentang Dimensi Komitmen Organisasi terhadap Perilaku Kerja Proaktif Pegawai Kantor Sekretariat Daerah Kota Palangka Raya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Partial Least Square (PLS), Sofware yang digunakan versi 3.2.8. Unit analisa penelitian ini adalah para pegawai yang berjumlah 112 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: a) Komitmen Afektif memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Perilaku Kerja Proaktif Pegawai, b) Komitmen Normatif memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Perilaku Kerja Proaktif Pegawai c) Komitmen Berkelanjutan memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Perilaku Kerja Proaktif Pegawai
Pengaruh Penerapan Green Accounting Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Pemoderasi (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Sektor Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2020
Authors: Simon Agnes Yunia Putri , Wibowo Agus Satrya , Rosel Rosel
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh green accounting terhadap kinerja keuangan, selain menganalisis good corporate governance sebagai moderasi (studi empiris pada daftar perusahaan manufaktur di bursa efek indonesia periode 2016-2020). Rancangan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan teknik analisis menggunakan SPSS. Jumlah sampel observasi penelitian adalah 150. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa green accounting tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja keuangan seiring dengan good corporate governance tidak berpengaruh pula terhadap kinerja keuangan sedangkan berperan sebagai moderasi untuk memperkuat hubungan antara akuntansi hijau dengan kinerja keuangan.
Pengaruh Work-Life Balance Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dengan Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Pada Guru SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya)
Authors: Erliana Krisentia  , Anden Trecy , Panjaitan Olivia Winda Ony
Published: January 2023

Sumber Daya Manusia guru yang berkualitas akan meningkatkan pencapaian tujuan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penjelasan secara empiris tentang pengaruh work-life balance terhadap kepuasan kerja dengan motivasi kerja sebagai variabel moderasi pada Guru SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya. Metode penelitian ini adalah menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Lokasi penelitian ini pada guru SMA Negeri 4 palangka raya. Pengumpulan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling berjumlah 48 guru yang sudah menikah. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan Partial Least Square (PLS), software yang digunakan versi 3.3.9. Hasil peneltian menunjukkan bahwa Work-Life Balance (X) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Kerja (Y) dengan nilai Original Sample Estimate arah positif 0,471 dan t-statistic 5,769 dan setelah di interaksi dengan variabel Motivasi Kerja (M) ada hubungan antara Work-Life Balance (X) terhadap Kepuasan Kerja (Y) dengan nilai Original Sample Estimate arah positif 0,334 dan t-statistic 3,534. Artinya bahwa motivasi kerja mampu memoderasi atau memperkuat hubungan pengaruh work-life balance terhadap kepuasan kerja.
Switching Intention Dalam Memediasi Hubungan Harga, Lokasi dan Kepuasan Konsumen
Authors: Mappatompo Andi , Asrawan Asrawan , Romadhoni Buyung
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh persepsi harga dan lokasi terhadap kepuasan konsumen dan niat beralih (Switching Intention) di pasar modern kabupaten Bulukumba. Jenis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, kumudian praktrek dalam penelitian ini berdasar pada explanatory research. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yakni, seluruh konsuemen dari pasar modern yang ada di Bulukumba, dimana jumlah populasi penelitian ini tidak diketahui. Perhitungan jumlah populasi dengan kategori accidental/incidental menggunakan rumus Malhotra sehingga sampel 65 responden. Untuk menganalisis data dalam penelitian ini digunakan The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dari paket software statistik AMOS 21.0. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa harga berpengaruh negatif terhadap Switching Intention di pasar modern kabupaten Bulukumba; Lokasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap Switching Intention di pasar modern kabupaten Bulukumba; harga dan lokasi berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan konsumen di pasar modern kabupaten Bulukumba; harga dan lokasi berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan konsumen melalui Switching Intention di pasar modern kabupaten Bulukumba.
Analisis Kepuasan Pelanggan Terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (Studi pada Perumda Sirin Maragun Kota Sekadau)
Authors: Elvi Fitria , Sabela Florentina Neneng
Published: January 2023

Kepuasan pelanggan tentunya di pengaruhi oleh seberapa baik kulitas pelayanan yang diberikan oleh sebuah perusahaan, rasa puas yang di dapatkan oleh para pelanggan tentunya akan mementukan citra sebuah perusahaan dan bagaimana pelanggan tetap menggunakan produk dari perusahaan tersebut. Untuk mengetahui kepuasan pelanggan terhadap kualitas pelayanan yang di berikan oleh PDAM Perumda Sirin maragun kabupaten sekadau, maka jenis  penelitian ini adalah dengan metode kualitatif, artinya untuk mendapatkan data dari pelanggan, penulis melakukan observasi dan wawancara kepada beberapa pelanggan sebagai sample. Sehingga dapat di simpulkan dari hasil observasi dan wawancara yang telah dilakukan bahwa pelanggan PDAM Perumda Sirin Maragun secara keseluruhan merasa puas dengan kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan oleh pegawai PDAM Perumda Sirin Maragun
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Karyawan dan Harga Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Pada Minimarket Alfamart di Jalan Asahan Pematangsiantar
Authors: Damanik Elfina Okto Posmaida , Tambak Dian Gustrazaiman Purba , Damanik Yesni Riana
Published: January 2023

Tujuan, - Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan karyawan dan harga terhadap kepuasan konsumen pada minimarket Alfamart di Jalan Asahan Pematangsiantar

Desain/Methodologi/Pendekatan - Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuisoner (angket), wawancara dan observasi, dimana pengukuran datanya menggunakan skala likert. Objek yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen pada minimarket Alfamart di Jalan Asahan Pematangsiantar, alat uji yang dipakai untuk menguji analisis data adalah menggunakan program SPSS 22

Temuan penelitian - hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan karyawan dan harga memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan. Kualitas pelayanan karyawan dan harga memiliki pengaruh yang kuat terhadap kepuasan konsumen pada minimarket Alfamart.
Pengaruh E-Commerce dan Inovasi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian dengan Minat Beli Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pada Produk Wardah (Studi Pada Mahasiswi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Palangka Raya)
Authors: Andriani Andriani , Karuehni Ina , Mahrita Ani
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh e-commerce dan inovasi terhadap keputusan pembelian melalui minat beli sebagai variabel mediasi pada produk Wardah pada Mahasisiwi. Jenis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Mahasiswi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Univrersitas Palangka Raya angkatan 2019 – 2022 yang terdaftar pada semester ganjul sebanyak 1923 orang. Perhitungan jumlah sampel menggunakan purposive sampling accidental/incidental dengan rumus Ferdinand sehingga diperoleeh sampel sebanyak 105 responden. Untuk menganalisis data dalam penelitian ini digunakan The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dari paket software statistik SmartPLS 3. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa e-commerce, inovasi dan minat beli secara parsial berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, e-commerce berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, e-commerce berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap minat beli, inovasi berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap terhadap keputusan pembelian, inovasi berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap terhadap minat beli dan minat beli tidak berpengaruh positif terhadap terhadap keputusan pembelian produk Wardah pada Mahasiswi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Palangka Raya.
Gold-bearing sulfide and gossan mineralisation systems of the Myriophyto Region, northern Macedonia, Greece
Authors: Arvanitidis Nikolaos , Tsamantouridis P. , Dimou Eleftheria
Published: January 2023

Circum Rhodope Belt marbles, thrusted over the Vertiskos mica gneiss basement and the Mesozoic Myriophyto granite, develop complex shear and fault structures, incorporating fragmented sequences of metamorphosed mafic and ultramafic rocks. The strongly sheared marble-gneiss contact zones and the post-shear subvertical faults and related breccia zones host gold-bearing sulfide and gossan mineralisations and accompanied silicification, dolomitization and ankeritization. Gold forms numerous Ag and Bi-bearing grains in arsenopyrite-pyrrhotite-pyrite-chalcopyrite assemblages and finely dispersed microscopic grains in limonite gossans. The restricted areal and volumetrical development of carbonate rock sequences is unabre to host economic deposits, though the later supergene system shows a potential Au-enrichment development.
Geotechnical assessment of overburdens applied to the timing of building of the central Apennines (Italy)
Authors: Mortari Roberto , Tozzi Eraclio
Published: January 2023

In order to state the exact value of the maximum overburden undergone by a sediment, a geotechnical method based on preconsolidation pressure was set up. It was applied to a region of the central Apennines where late Miocene flysch sediments occupy elongated depressions separating mountains of carbonate rocks. These depressions are commonly interpreted as the remains of different foredeeps built between the late Miocene and the early Pliocene, migrating from SW to NE. This flysch is part of a terrigenous sequence that has started in the Tortonian and superimposed with continuity and conformity on a carbonate platform sequence. The geotechnical analyses of 39 undisturbed clay samples, chiefly collected near the base of the terrigenous sequence, surprisingly show that the original thicknesses of this sequence were constant among the different basins: 5900 m. We therefore suppose that the terrigenous sequence sedimented in an unique subsiding basin, whose bottom remained very flat until about 1.1 million years ago, when the sequence lasted to be deposited with continuity. We suggest that the main Apennines tectogenesis could not have taken place before that time: later on, the carbonate platform tilted, quickly slided towards the Adriatic trench and broke into fragments separated by depressions, where the terrigenous sequence was driven in.
Geological and mineralogical features of the perlite from Kimolos island, Greece
Authors: Koukouzas Nikolaos
Published: January 2023

The geology and mineralogy of the perlite from Kimolos island is examined in this paper. The perlite produced between 2.0 and 0.9 Ma ago during the last volcanic episode of Kumolos volcano in the Aegean sea. It is green in color and presents onion-skin structure under the microscope. The absence of large perlite fragments in the field is characteristic of Kimolos deposit compared with the perlite from the nearby island of Milos. The perlite mainly consists of glass (>85%), while the main mineral phases are plagioclase (with oligoclase-andesine composition), quartz, biotite, titaniferous magnetite, and pyroxene (of orthopyroxene composition). The volcanic glass includes two modes of water: the lattice and the OH-bound molecular water. The perlite from Kimolos island is of rhyolitic composition. It is rich in iron and titanium compared with the other perlites from the main Greek deposits.
Sediment dispersal and accumulation pattern in the Western Black Sea – a geological model
Authors: Khrischev Khrischo , Georgiev Valentin , Kozuharov Emanuil
Published: January 2023

The change in the type and rate of sedimentation is of meridian trend. The biogenic sediments (IumashelIs) on the shelf to the south of Kaliakra Cape are replaced by terrigenous ones. The deep water sediments in the northern part of the depression are represented by coccolithic carbonate oozes. The quantity and the grain-size of the terrigenous component in them increases to the south and they are replaced by terrigenous lithofacies. Two big areas of avalanche sedimentation are developed. The first one is located along the wide Western shelf and is connected with material's discharge from the Rumellian current. The second area is in the southern deep water part of the depression. It is supplied by the Anatolian coast (by solid discharge of the River Sakarya mainly) and is subjected to considerable influence of the turbidy currents.
Newly recognized Upper Triassic and Jurassic formations in Southwest Bulgaria: palaeogeographic and palaeogeodynamic implications
Authors: Zagorchev Ivan , Trifonova Ekaterina , Budurov Kiril , Stoykova Kristalina
Published: January 2023

Four formal lithostratigraphic units are introduced for the first time in the national stratigraphic nomenclature in accordance with the National Stratigraphic Code and the International Stratigraphic Guide. The Upper Triassic Kobile Formation is situated at the top of the Triassic section (over the red beds of the Norian Komshtitsa Formation). It consists of phosphate- and sulphate-bearing yellowish sandstone and siltstone interbedded with grey limestone and dolomitic limestone. Occasionally, they contain echinids, gastropods, crinoid ossicles, algae and foraminifers. The Metohiya Fonnation (basal conglomerate built up of quartz and Iydite pebbles; quartz sandstone; loose yellowish sandstones and occasional limestone interbeds) covers the Upper Triassic with unconfonnable depositional contact. The age is considered as Middle Jurassic (eventually beginning in uppermost Lower Jurassic) on the basis of regional correlations. The other two newly introduced Jurassic formations belong to the Treklyano Group and are of Middle - Late? Jurassic age. The Momchil Formation is built up of shales and siltstones interbedded with limestones. The Sredorek Formation consists of limestones and marls with shaly interbeds and olistostrome built up of Triassic limestones and siltstones. Lateral correlations with the deep marine sequence (shales and radiolarites) of the Dobridol and Rayantsi Formation make possible the reconstruction of a Jurassic narrow and deep submarine canyon within the Peri-Tethyan shallow sea.
Fossil birds of Dorkovo - an Early Pliocene site in the Rhodope Mts. (Southern Bulgaria)
Authors: Boev Zlatozar
Published: January 2023

The avian finds of the first in Bulgaria complexly studied (1983-1985) palaeontological site of vertebrate fauna are described. Three finds (distal endings of long bones of the legs) originated from the Early Pliocene (Ruscinian, MN zone 14, 5.4 - 3.4 Ma). Taxonomically, they are referred to 3 families of Anseriformes and Galliformes: Balcanas pliocaenica g. n. et sp. n. - humerus sin.; Tetrao rhodopensis sp. n. - humerus sin. dist. and Perdicinae gen. indet. - tibiotarsus sin. dist. Diagnosis of Balcanas pliocaenica g. n. et sp. n.: A medium sized anatid of Anatini tribe with narrower and more transverally orientated fossa m. brachialis, obliquely outlined toward diaphysis medial edge of epicondylus ulnaris in ventral view, better developed fossa olecrani and shallower and unclear outlining of epicondylus radialis from condylus radialis, than both, in Anas and Aix, more laterally located and more clearly marked fossula ligamenti articulationis on the epicondylus radialis. Diagnosis of Tetrao rhodopensis sp. n.: The oldest known Tetrao species, differing from other species of the genus by its more longitudinal orientation, parallel to the diaphysys, and its distally flatten condylus dorsalis.
Clouded plagioclase from an ophiolite of the NE Aegean Sea (Samothraki Island, Greece): Evidence for diffusion of hydrothermal fluids
Authors: Tsikouras Basilios
Published: January 2023

Cumulate gabbros from the ophiolite of Samothraki Island, contain altered plagioclases with numerous, tiny inclusions. These inclusions are indistinguishable by microscopic investigation and they form dusty, brownish to grayish areas within the plagioclases. Microprobe analyses indicate that clouded plagioclases are enriched in Fe, relative to the clear ones, and XRD data provide evidence for the presence of magnetite. The amount of Fe2O3 in these plagioclases is too low to account for magnetite formation by exsolution. Thus, supply of Fe ions from altered Fe-bearing minerals and consequent diffusion are thought to be responsible for the tiny magnetite segregations. The fluid phase composition and the oxidation state of the rock must have played an important role in the evolution of this process.
The conservation of geological heritage in Italy: state of the art and future perspectives of the "GEOSITES" project
Authors:   ProGeo Italia
Published: January 2023

This report represents a general summary of the knowledges, as well as of the research and promotion activities carried out during the last years in Italy and aimed to the conservation of Geological Heritage. Further scope of this work is to illustrate a range of possible initiatives aimed to include the Italian contribute in the broader international “Geosites” project, promoted by UNESCO and IUGS.
Geomorphological sites of Albania
Authors: Serjani Afat , Jozja Nevila , Neziraj Andil
Published: January 2023

Albania is characterized by a typically alpine accidented mountain relief. About half of the country (48.1 %) belongs to 200-1000 m altitude belt, and 28.5 % belongs to the levels higher than 1000 m. The average altitude is 708 m., i. e., twice more than high average of Europe. As a result the horizontal Smosh coefficient is more than 3 km/km2. There are formed some genetical types of relief, and namely, structural-erosional, karstic, river-erosional, erosional-denudated, glacial, seacoast. Geological-tectonical evolution, varied kinds of rocks, climate changes and countinuos action of the atmospheric agents have influenced the formation of different kinds of morphological forms of the relief. In such a manner are formed a number of geomorphological sites of natural aesthetic and scientific importance or with climate-curative features. The very dense river net with common tendence from east to west caused formation of many erosional sites. The large surface of carbonate rocks (6600 km2) and evaporite ones favoured formation of karstic plateaus, fields, holes, and caves. Glacial events have their traces as well, especially on the high mountains of Albania. They form lakes, circus, morains, lagoons, etc. often of geomonumental values. Geomorphological sites in Albania are widespread mainly in the Northern Mountain Region (Albanian Alps), central and southern mountain units and less in the hilly-field near the Adriatic sea coast. They are of local, district’s, national and some of Balkan or European importance.
The natural environment in urban areas
Authors: Theodossiou-Drandaki Irini
Published: January 2023

The natural environment is, in people’s mind, out of the cities, and could not belong to the urban environment. It is separated far from the cities. As a consequence, people are very surprised when speaking of geoconservation or geological heritage inside urbanized areas, just in their doorstep. Living in towns and cities does not mean that we have to renounce completely our relation with nature. On the contrary, town-dwellers need an every day contact with nature. This contact improves the quality of human life. Of course in some modern cities this demand will be hard to achieve in short term, but it should be a long-term aim, through a conservation and protection of free spaces policy. Such a policy has to be incorporated in all other policies. The result will be the harmonicus coexistence of nature and city. In the case of Pireas, the main international harbour and one of the biggest cities in Greece, the conditions are far from being sufficient concerning the above mentioned problematics. However, Pireas is a very nice city by nature, degraded by men. Few natural sites are left, always under threat regime because of the pressure of other priorities and the high ground prices. The rapid disappearance of sites and consequently the irreversible loss of information is between the geoscientific issues in relation with the modern cities that should be included in the urban geology topics.
Belogradchik Rock Sculptures - a child of erosional powers of Nature and of geological controls
Authors: Tronkov Dimiter
Published: January 2023

Belogradchik rocks figures (Belogradchik rocks) are located in Northwest Bulgaria covering an area of 50 sq. km. They belong to Belogradchik tectonic unit (anticlinorium). They are built from Lower Triassic coarse, red, terrigenous rocks – conglomerates and sandstones. Three morphologic types of rock figures are distinguished often forming different combinations. They are a product of erosional processes occurring after the main tectonic movements during the Eocene and up to the present day. The roles of some of the earlier geological controls in the formation of the rock sculptures - tectonic, sedimentological and palaeographic are also discussed.
"UNESCO GEOPARK" A new Programme - A new UNESCO label
Authors: Patzak Margarete , Eder Wolfgang
Published: January 2023

UNESCO promotes through the creation of a world network of natural “parks” with significant geological features, labeled ”UNECO GEOPARK”, the twin goals of conserving a healthy environment and enhancing socio-economic development. GEOPARKS are designed to become a tool for a better understanding of the geological heritage and “wise use” of the Earth’s crust, by increasing public awareness for a balanced relationship between humankind and the Earth. They are areas of special geological significance where the geological heritage of the Earth is safeguarded and sustainably managed.
Influence of the geological environment on the stability of monuments. Experience from Greece
Authors: Christaras Basile , Mariolakos Ilias , Moraiti Eugenia
Published: January 2023

ln the present investigation some geological factors of failure and intervention methods are applied in two representative monuments from Northern Greece. These examples refer to a) the slope stability analysis of the rock-mass where the Simonos Petra Monastery, in Mount Athos is built and b) influence of the groundwater conditions on both the weathering of the frescos and the stability of the Lefkadia Macedonian Tombs in N. Greece.
Geological heritage conservation of Ohrid Lake
Authors: Jozja Nevila , Neziraj Adil
Published: January 2023

Ohrid Lake is situated in the south-eastern part of Albania, at the border area between Albania and Macedonia. This boundary goes through the lake in a NW-SE direction. It has a considerable depth (295 m), thus being the deepest lake of the Balkan Peninsula. Regarding to geological formations, the Lake mainly lies above ultrabasic rocks of the Shebeniku ophiolitic massif and carbonatic rocks of Late Triassic - Late Jurassic age. In the southeastern part of the lake, localized into Upper Triassic limestones, there is a dense network of underground springs. One of the greatest river in Albania, Drini i Zi, springs from the Ohrid Lake, too. But on the other hand, groundwater supply has a predominant role. Thus, a natural equilibrium exists in its hydrodynamic regime. Except for the beautiful view of the lake, the interesting geomorphological situation dominating over the lake and on its bottom should be emphasized. In recent times, the landscape around the lake and above all, the lake water, has been threatened by different factors resulting in their pollution and destruction. Besides the lake, in the area over it there are several interesting geological sites.
A Chemical Study of Archaeometallurgical Ceramics from Southwestern Tanzania
Authors: Lyaya Edwinus
Published: January 2023

Archaeometallurgical ceramics, including furnaces, tuyères, and potteries, were required for successful pre-industrial iron smelting and refining. However, there are limited chemical studies on archaeometallurgical ceramics in Tanzania. This paper examined the nature of clay source in terms of refractoriness, determined whether there were multiple clay sources, and verified the refractoriness of the archaeometallurgical ceramics. An x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analytical technique and experimental re-firing of the archaeometallurgical ceramics were employed. The chemical data clustered in the mullite region on the Al2O3-SiO2-FeO ternary system indicate that iron smelters and refiners chose refractory clay sources for making archaeometallurgical ceramics. Small range and standard deviation suggest that the furnaces and tuyères were made from similar refractory clay source, while the relatively slight difference in range and standard deviation of the potteries indicate that they were made from another different clay source. The archaeometallurgical ceramics re-fired in the furnace lab did not bloat at 1300 oC, it verifies that they were indeed refractory.
Occlusion Handler Density Networks for 3D Multimodal Joint Location of Hand Pose Hypothesis
Authors: Tito Stanley , Banzi Jamal , Mvuma Aloys
Published: January 2023

Predicting the pose parameters during the hand pose estimation (HPE) process is an ill-posed challenge. This is due to severe self-occluded joints of the hand. The existing approaches for predicting pose parameters of the hand, utilize a single-value mapping of an input image to generate final pose output. This way makes it difficult to handle occlusion especially when it comes from the multimodal pose hypothesis. This paper introduces an effective method of handling multimodal joint occlusion using the negative log-likelihood of a multimodal mixture-of-Gaussians through a hybrid hierarchical mixture density network (HHMDN). The proposed approach generates multiple feasible hypotheses of 3D poses with visibility, unimodal and multimodal distribution units to locate joint visibility. The visible features are extracted and fed into the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) layer of the HHMDN for feature learning. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is proved on ICVL, NYU, and BigHand public hand pose datasets. The imperative results show that the proposed method in this paper is effective as it achieves a visibility error of 30.3mm, which is less error compared to many state-of-the-art approaches that use different distributions of visible and occluded joints.
Lead Acid Battery Recycling in the Current Tanzania Industrialization Drive: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Kaombe Divina , Katemi Richard J.
Published: January 2023

Advancements in automotive technologies, Information and Communications Technology and renewable energy technologies have increased the use of lead acid batteries as a source of portable and rechargeable energy. This has considerably increased the number of spent batteries with adverse effects on the environment and human health; which calls for recycling of spent batteries. This work was conducted to investigate challenges facing the formal business of recycling spent batteries and potential manufacturers of new lead-acid batteries in Tanzania. The work involved collection of information from key stakeholders such as collectors, dealers, Tanzania Revenue Authority and recyclers. It was found out that about 2 million units of used batteries are available in Tanzania annually; weighing a total of about 8,440 tonnes. At the moment of conducting this work, only two recycling plants were in operation: Ok Plast ltd and Gaia Eco-Solutions (T) Ltd. The two operational ULAB recycling plants process about 6,000 tonnes per year. Despite the large number of spent batteries available annually, the amount received by the two recycling plants is far less than the number of spent batteries available in country. Gaia plant processes about 3,600 tonnes of spent lead batteries per year while OK-Plast is only about 1,500 tons/year. The study revealed existence of illegal exportation of ULAB which is against national Regulations and the Basel International Convention. A number of challenges and opportunities have been discussed. Despite of the challenges, the local ULAB recycling industry in Tanzania is encouraged to explore opportunities of manufacturing new batteries. A number of recommendations have been provided; however, enforcement of the export ban of used Lead Acid Batteries has been stressed.
Deployment of Inductive Loop Vehicle Traffic Counters Along Trunk Roads in Tanzania
Authors: Simbeye Daudi
Published: January 2023

As Tanzania's population grows, there is a greater demand for efficient, effective, and strong road design, as well as a smooth transportation system with a balanced traffic management network architecture. To plan for maintenance and expansion of such a vast network, a credible data inventory and network condition must be established. The deployment of vehicle inductor loop counters along Tanzanian trunk roads is presented in this paper. At test sites, inductor loop sensors and control cards were used to capture vehicle traffic data, which was then wirelessly sent using GSM technology for vehicle classification verification and storage for future road traffic management. The traffic count statistics from selected test sites acquired by the base station monitoring software were examined in real-time and the findings over a one-year period were provided. According to the study's findings, inductive loop vehicle counter technology can count and categorize vehicles along a section of roadway and provide reliable performance indicators for monitoring progress at the local, state, and national levels. The vehicle traffic data collected by this system will be used to project future situations within a transportation system and to keep a record of historical trends that will be used to project into the future what is likely to happen based on actual observations of the past and using other socio-economic data obtained from census information or economic indicators.
Properties of (Cd, Zn)S films deposited by DC co-sputtering
Authors: Mwakyusa Lwitiko
Published: January 2023

CdS thin film is commonly used as a buffer layer in most thin film solar cells.  However, the buffer layer with less absorption in the visible region of the solar spectrum as well as that which provides perfect lattice matching with the absorbers is required. The incorporation of Zn in the CdS films can affect the structural and optical properties of the buffer layer. In this work, films of CdS and (Cd,Zn)S films were deposited by DC sputtering utilizing CdS and Zn targets. The concentration of  Zn in the CdS was varied by changing the sputtering power of the Zn target. The influence of Zn concentration on the structural and optical properties of CdS films was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared (UV-VIS-NIR) spectroscopy, respectively. The XRD patterns confirm the growth preferential orientation of all films along the (002) plane. UV-VIS spectroscopy results indicate absorption edge shifts toward lower wavelength with an increase of Zn concentration in the CdS. The band gap evaluated by the Tauc plot of these films varied from 2.40 eV to 2.50 eV. The increased bandgap induces the density of localized states on the edge of the bandgap which leads to the increase in the Urbach tail width.
Design and Implementation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Simulation Model
Authors: Mkiramweni Mbazingwa , Rugumira Georgia , Msangi Napendael
Published: January 2023

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving procedure that can multiply a person's chances of survival after a cardiac arrest. The effectiveness of CPR procedures is heavily influenced by the individual skills of the rescuer providing assistance. Chest compressions delivered at an appropriate depth and rate, allowing full chest recoil and with minimal interruptions, are critical for improving cardiac arrest survival. The lack of quality CPR training models in developing countries has a significant impact on the quality of CPR training and skills acquired. Therefore, in this paper, we aim at improving CPR training by designing a high-fidelity CPR training manikin. The model includes a feedback mechanism for monitoring CPR performance status to allow for effective practice and rehearsal until required CPR skills are acquired. An in-depth study of existing training systems was conducted to ensure the proper design of the proposed system. The test results show that the designed manikin prototype analyses the quality of CPR performance and provides appropriate feedback to the trainee. The model can be used for training medical students and other practitioners to correctly perform CPR.
Filtering Effect on RSSI-Based Indoor Localization Methods
Authors: Ibwe Kwame , Pande Simeon
Published: January 2023

Indoor positioning systems have become very popular in recent years because many applications need to know the physical location of objects. Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) based localization services are rapid, flexible and reliable way of identifying, controlling and locating different objects electronically. However, RSSI is prone to noise and interference which can greatly affect the accuracy performance of the system. In this paper Internet of Things (IoT) technologies like low energy Bluetooth (BLE), WiFi, LoRaWAN and ZigBee are used to obtain indoor positioning. Adopting the existing trilateration and positioning algorithms, the Kalman, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Particle filtering methods are employed to denoise the received RSSI signals to improve positioning accuracy. Experimental results show that choice of filtering method is of significance in improving the positioning accuracy. While FFT and Particle methods had no significant effect on the positioning accuracy, Kalman filter has proved to be the method of choice in for BLE, WiFi, LoRaWAN and ZigBee. Compared with unfiltered RSSI, results showed that accuracy was improved by 2% in BLE, 3% in WiFi, 22% in LoRaWAN and 17% in ZigBee technology for Kalman filtering method.
Optimization of Pulsed Laser Deposition Parameters for Single-Crystalline (011) Oriented Tetragonal Pzt Thin Films
Authors: Mtebwa Mahamudu
Published: January 2023

Recent advances in nanotechnology applications require the processing of high-quality thin films. A systematic study of the optimization of Pulsed deposition parameters for (110) oriented tetragonal PZT thin films is reported in this work. Prior to film deposition, a highly tetragonal Pb(Zr0.5, Ti0.95) or PZT 05/95 was selected to be deposited on (110) oriented Strontium titanate, SrTiO3 substrate, STO(110) to insure small compressive misfit strain. Unlike SRO, the LSOM bottom electrode was then successfully grown at 620 °C, 1.0 J/cm2 and a target-substrate distance of 3.9 cm. Finally, deposition parameters of PZT were progressively optimized through monitoring film morphological changes. Monocrystalline PZT films of different thicknesses with layer–by–layer growth mode were finally realized at a deposition temperature of 550 °C, laser energy of 1.0 J/cm2, background pressure of 200 mTorr O2, while deposition rate was 3 Hz and target-substrate distance of 3.1 cm. The optimal film growth rate was finally estimated to be 0.3 nm/100 Pulses.
A Genetic Algorithm Approach to Optimal Sizing and Placement of Distributed Generation on Nigerian Radial Feeders
Authors: Ajewole Titus , Balogun Adelowo , Lawal Muyideen , Momoh Omonowo , Olawuyi Abdulsemiu
Published: January 2023

Mitigating power loss and voltage profile problems on radial distribution networks has been a major challenge to distribution system operators. While deployment of distributed generation, as compensators, has made a suitable solution option, optimum placement and sizing of the compensators has been a concern and it has thus been receiving great attention. Meta-heuristic algorithms have been found efficacious in this respect, yet the use of the algorithms in addressing problems of radial feeders is still comparatively low in Nigeria where analytical and numerical programming methods are common. Hence; the use of genetic algorithm to site and size distributed generator for real-time power loss reduction and voltage profile improvement on the Nigerian secondary distribution networks is presented. Backward-forward sweep load flow analysis, together with loss sensitivity factor, is deployed to identify the buses suitable for the installation of the distributed generation, while the algorithm is employed in estimating the optimum size. This approach is tested on the standard IEEE 15-bus system and validated using a Nigerian 11 kV feeder. The result obtained on the IEEE test system shows 183 kW loss using the compensator, as compared to 436 kW loss without the compensator; while on the Nigerian network the loss with the compensator was 4.99 kW, in comparison with no-compensation loss of 10.47kW. By the approach of this study, real power loss on the Nigerian feeder decreased by 52.3% together with energy cost reduction from N658,789.12 to N314,227.38. Likewise the minimum bus voltage magnitude and the voltage stability index of the network are improved to acceptable limits. This approach is therefore recommended as capable of strengthening the performance of the Nigerian radial distribution system.
Performance Evaluation of UDSM Network to Deliver Multimedia eLearning Contents: Case of CoICT
Authors: Mercy Mbise , Fatuma Simba
Published: January 2023

The use of technology in education in Sub-Saharan Africa has been reported to be hindered by many factors including inadequate Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure, low internet speed, and lack of skills to use educational technologies. This paper aim at evaluating how the available ICT infrastructure at the College of Information and Communication Technologies (CoICT) can support, with acceptable Quality of Service (QoS), the delivery of multimedia applications for eLearning services. The evaluation was performed over a network testbed implemented in a computer laboratory for wired and wireless connections. The testbed consisted of five personal computers (PCs) connected via a switch and a router to the internet for the wired connection. The wireless connection consisted of three PCs and a laptop connected through a switch and a router to the internet via a wireless access point. Four different multimedia applications were run through the PCs, and traffic data was mirrored and captured at one of the PC using Wireshark network analyzer. The traffic included streamed and conversational video and audio using YouTube and Zoom applications, respectively; interactive web browsing using web browsers; bulk file transfer, and a mixture of all applications running on the computers. Traffic data captured during the running of these applications were packet loss, delay, jitter, and throughput. The QoS performance parameters obtained were within the acceptable threshold values as per International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) values. Results revealed that ICT infrastructure at CoICT can support delivery of multimedia content for eLearning purposes for both wired and wireless connections. Having the infrastructure capable of supporting multimedia applications with the acceptable QoS implies that instructors are equipped with a conducive environment that supports multimedia application. Hence, they are expected to use and continue using educational technologies to facilitate teaching and learning processes.
Exploring Current and Future Research Trends on Safety Climate in Construction Projects
Authors: Kajumulo Kamugisha , Matindana Juma , Mohamed Fatma
Published: January 2023

Both clients, consultants, and contractors in the construction industry can benefit from a safety climate by obtaining knowledge of attitudes and perceptions for better safety outcomes. However, the current and future research trends for safety climate in construction projects have not yet been fully examined. In order to solve this problem, a systematic review of previous research findings using a social network approach must be conducted, and future trends for the safety climate in building projects must be identified. Sixty-three peer-reviewed articles were gathered to study the literature on safety climate in construction projects. A social network approach was employed using VOS viewer to look at the connections between the researchers and the article's keywords. Based on the frequency of researcher collaboration and the connections between the keywords used in the publications, five research groups and four keyword themes were identified using the social network analysis results. The scholars received substantial implications and insights on the state of the research and future directions, which helped create a focused development strategy for safety climate in construction projects. The scope of this study is limited to publications on the subject matter from 2000 to 2021, which provided the base for the current and future research trends on safety climate in construction projects. The findings from this social network analysis revealed that studies on safety climate are more skewed to the organizational level than the projects level. In developing countries like Tanzania, studies are scanty. Also, different levels of decision-making within the organization and within construction projects, call for different safety factors whereby the current studies have slightly considered such a fact. Furthermore, it is the right time now for researchers to focus on developing a safety climate maturity framework for construction projects.