bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geochemical Speciation and Principal Component Analysis of Toxic Metals in River Ogun Coastal Sediments, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ayodele Olusiji Samuel , Adelodun Adedeji Adebukola , Kazeem David Rasaq
Published: February 2023

This study investigated the influence and interactions of geochemical fractions of toxic metals in sediments of River Ogun in Nigeria. Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Co were significantly present across the area, while Cu, Ni, and Cd were negligible. All the metals, except Zn, were found highly above their permissible limits in sediments. The bulk metal concentrations followed the trend: Fe >> Mn > Zn > Pb > Co >> Cu ? Cr ?Ni >> Cd. At p = 0.05, the concentrations (ppm) of Ni, Zn, Co, Mn, Fe, Pb, Cr, Cd, and Cu in the F1 were 1.72–5.84, 13.2–15.0, 1.16–3.41, 56.1–77.2, 198–212, 9.32–14.3, 1.96–3.66, 0.55–1.61, and 0.56–1.98, respectively, while the values were 12.1–13.6, 113–270, 67.8–152, 206–275, 514–637, 131–179, 18.5–27.0, 1.31–1.75, and 6.11–8.11 for the F5, respectively. Overall, Cd and Fe showed the least and highest distributions in the various geochemical forms, respectively. Moreover, the abundance and mobility of Mn, Ni, Fe, Cr, Cd, and Zn correlated significantly in exchangeable and carbonate-bond fractions. Hence, environmental monitoring of the sediments and Pisces should be carried out while remediation of the location is recommended.
Opioid use disorder and maternal outcomes following cesarean delivery: a multistate analysis, 2007–2014
Authors: Lui Briana , Aaronson Jaime A , Tangel Virginia , Quincy Maria , Weinberg Roniel , Abramovitz Sharon E , White Robert S
Published: February 2023

Aim:
To examine the association between opioid use disorder (OUD) and maternal outcomes following cesarean delivery.
Methods:
Retrospective analysis of over 2.4 million discharge records for in-patient cesarean delivery across five states from 2007 to 2014. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included length of stay (LOS) and 30- and 90-day readmission rates.
Results:
OUD patients were 148% more likely than non-OUD patients to die during hospitalization (adjusted odds ratios [aOR]: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.20, 5.10; p < 0.05). OUD was associated with increased odds of 30-day readmission (aOR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.30, 1.65; p < 0.001) and 90-day readmission (aOR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.55, 1.88; p < 0.001); LOS was not significantly different.
Conclusion:
OUD predicts increased in-patient mortality and odds of 30- and 90-day readmission following cesarean delivery.
Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Home Industri Gerabah di Desa Plumpungrejo Kabupaten Blitar
Authors: Nadhiroh Alvinatun
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pengembangan Home Industri gerabah, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengembangan usaha gerabah dan untuk pemberdayaan strategi yang tepat pada masyarakat pengrajin Home Industri gerabah di Desa Plumpungrejo Kabupaten Blitar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan bentuk penelitian lapangan (Field Research) yang dilakukan di sentra Home Industri gerabah di Desa Plumpungrejo. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Teknik wawancara dan dokumentasi  pengrajin Home Industri gerabah. Analisis dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan Teknik analisis skala likert dan skala guttman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dalam usaha Home Industri gerabah di Desa Plumpungrejo mengalami perkembangan. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembanganya adalah mempertahankan keunggulan gerabah, mengatur strategi pasar, modal, sumber daya manusia, bahan baku, dan bekerjasama antar pengrajin. Beberapa keberhasilan strategi pengembangan usaha Home Industri yaitu pembentukan karakteristik interprener yang harus memiliki kegigihan usaha dan juga kreativitas serta inovasi dalam pengembangan usaha.
Technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge of diploma in professional education graduates teaching biology
Authors: Loseñara Jleian Mard , Jugar Richard R.
Published: February 2023

Content, pedagogy, and technology knowledge are central to effective teaching. Moreover, the interaction and integration of these knowledge bases challenge teachers, especially non-teacher education graduates including diploma professional education (DPE) graduates. Utilising adapted instruments, this study investigated the teaching competence of biology teachers who are DPE graduates, specifically their Technological, Pedagogical, Content Knowledge (TPACK) and Biology teaching competence to design a teacher professional development (TPD) programme. Most teachers were BS Nursing graduates with professional teaching licenses and teaching experience ranging from 3 to 10 years. Also, most teachers received between one to five TPDs focused on biology, pedagogy, and technology. Among the TPACK components, the teachers perceived that they were least competent in pedagogical knowledge (PK) and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). Although the teachers agreed on their perceived overall TPACK competence, there is still an avenue to strengthen their TPACK. Teachers also believed that they were least competent in biological cellular processes. Need-based teacher professional development programmes are recommended to enhance Biology teachers’ TPACK, and ultimately, biology education.
Factors on Performance for Standard Precaution of Radiologist of General Hospital for Infection Control
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Park Hyung Kyu , Kim Shin Hee
Published: February 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of Standard Precaution Knowledge, Awareness on Performance and to identify predicting factors of performance with standard precautions in genearal hospital radiologist.
Methods Data were collected using questionnaires from 128 radiologists working in three general hospitals in J province. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program using descriptive statics and a t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis.
Results The overall standard precaution knowledge, average awareness, and average performance, patient safety culture were 17.61±2.04, 4.68±0.34, and 4.38±0.52, 4.00±0.54 respectively. A positive correlation was observed between the standard precaution performance and standard precaution knowledge (r=.26, p=.004), awareness (r=.62, p<.001) and patient safety culture(r=.37, p<.001). Regression analysis showed a 42.0% variation the radiologist’s standard precaution performance with standard precaution awareness(β=.86, p<.001), pre-hospital training experience(β=-.17, p=.040), patient safety culture(β=.14, p<.001).
Conclusions A follow-up survey of the factors influencing general hospitals radiologist’s standard precaution performance and the development of a program will be required.
Influence of Critical Thinking Disposition and Empathy Ability on Self-Leadership of Nursing Students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Shin Hee-Jin , Cho Mi-Ock
Published: February 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between nursing students’ critical thinking disposition, empathy ability and self-leadership, and to determine the effect of nursing students' critical thinking disposition and empathy ability to self-leadership.
Methods The subjects of the study were nursing students enrolled in the 3rd and 4th grades of four universities in C province. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression analysis using the IBM SPSS 20.0 program.
Results The findings showed differences in the degree of gender, age, clinical experience, religion, motive of entering nursing department, satisfaction of majors, satisfaction of communication skills, satisfaction of personal relationships and hopeful employment fields in the difference between the degree of critical thinking disposition, empathy ability and self-leadership of nursing students according to the general characteristics of the subject, but there was no difference in grade level and club activities. It was found that there was a positive correlation between self-leadership of nursing students, critical thinking disposition and empathy ability. As the result, the most influential factor to self-leadership of nursing student was critical thinking disposition followed by empathy ability, satisfaction of majors. The explanatory power of the model was 48.7%.
Conclusions This study is significant in that it proved the importance of not only critical thinking disposition but also the humanities literacy factor such as empathy ability as an influencing factor of self-leadership. An educational approach that can improve self-leadership combined with creativity is required, and administrative and financial support for the continuous development and cultivation of self-leadership in the clinical field will be required. However, the process of recognizing the need for self-leadership by nursing students should be preceded.
The Analysis on the Differences of Work Values of College Graduate Workers and The Effect of Work Values on Job Fit: Focusing on the Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey (GOMS) 2016-2020
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jo Yun-Seo
Published: February 2023

Objectives This study analyzes the difference in job value and the effect on job fit of four-year college graduates workers using the Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey (GOMS).This is to find out the difference in job value and to find out the job value that has a consistent effect on job fit.
Methods Using The Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey (GOMS) 2016-2020 and subjects of this surveys were 48,278 people who college graduate workers(9,132 people in 2016, 9,768 people in 2017, 10,066 people in 2018, 10,296 people in 2019, and 9,016 people in 2020). ANOVA was conducted to verify differences in job value. And regression analysis was performed to determine job fit.
Results The study results can be summarized as follows. First, the job value of four-year college graduates in 2020 has been significantly lower than that of four-year college graduates in the past four years past. Second, the intrinsic job value of four-year college graduates consistently showed a positive (+) effect on job fit. Third, the external job value of four-year college graduates showed different results from year to year for job fit.
Conclusions The intrinsic job value was verified as a very important factor that consistently had a stable effect on the job fit of five-year, four-year college graduates. However, although the external job value varies from year to year, it had no or negative effect. This means that when choosing a job, individual characteristics are well matched, and considering development and future prospects, there is a high possibility of working in a job with high job fit. However, the tendency of job value, an important factor affecting job fit, to decrease recently has been verified, and this trend should be noted. As a result of this study, college students should establish the correct job value and increase the intrinsic job value. Universities and governments should also actively introduce programs on education and training on job value, including information on job value in career education.
A Meta-Analysis on Variables Related to Relational Aggression in South Korea and Foreign Countries
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Park Dongju , You Mijin
Published: February 2023

Objectives This study conducted a meta-analysis in order to comprehensively analyze the effect size on variables related to relational aggression.
Methods 149 studies were selected among the papers published in South Korea and other countries, from 2010 to March 2020, variables related to relational aggression were extracted. Total effect size of variables related to relational aggression was calculated, next each variables were classified into risk and protection variable groups, and into individual internal, family environment, peers and school environment, and social environment variable groups, and checked the overall effect size. Finally, the moderating effects by age, gender, culture were analyzed in each variable group.
Results As a result of the analysis, it showed medium effect size in all variable groups. Specifically, the effect size of peers and school environment variable group in the risk variable group and the effect size of social environment variable group in the protection variable group were larger than other variable groups. Psychopathy and externalizing behavior problem in the individual internal variable group, and class environment, aggression victimization, and negative teacher relation in the peers and school environment variable group were shown to have a large effect size. In addition, individual internal variable group and family environment variable group in the risk variable group had moderating effect by age, family environment variable group in the protection variable group had moderating effect by gender. The moderating effect of culture was confirmed in individual internal variable group among the protection variable group.
Conclusions Based on the above results, the suggestion for multilateral interventions to relational aggression and limitations of this study were discussed.
The effects of adult attachment on the satisfaction of romantic relationship: The mediating effects of internalized shame and perfectionism of romantic relationship
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kang Youngsun , Jo Yeongjoo
Published: February 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine if the effects of adult attachment on the satisfaction of romantic relationship were mediated by internalized shame and perfectionism of romantic relationship.
Methods The participants at early adulthood (215 college students and 139 employees) were collected via online survey who lived in Seoul and metropolitan area. Based on the sample, SPSS 20.0 was used for the correlation analysis and AMOS 20.0 was used for the structural equation model.
Results The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, there was significant correlations among adult attachment (attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance), internalized shame, perfectionism of romantic relationship, and satisfaction of romantic relationship. Second, both attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance did not show the single mediation effect in the relation from the satisfaction of romantic relationship to the internalized shame. Third, attachment anxiety showed a single mediating effect from the satisfaction of romantic relationship to the perfectionism of romantic relationship, but attachment avoidance did not show single mediating effect from the attachment satisfaction to the romantic perfectionism. Fourth, the attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance showed dual mediating effect from the internalized shame and the perfectionism of romantic relationship to the satisfaction of romantic relationship.
Conclusions The current study suggested that the diffulty of romantic relation at early adulthood is influenced by unstable adult attachment, internalized shame, and perfectionism of romantic relationship. In this study, the discussion and limitation of this study is presented.
An Analysis of the Early Childhood Teacher’s Stage of Concerns and Level of Use in Maker Education by the Concerns Based Adoption Model(CBAM)
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jo shin-ae , Chung nam-mi
Published: February 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of use of maker education of early childhood teachers based on the Concerns-based adoption mode(CBAM), identify the relationship between the stage of concern and the level of use, and provide basic data for establishing and revitalizing maker education in early childhood education sites.
Methods To this end, 373 copies were collected by distributing 400 questionnaires of the implementation level of maker education to 60 public and private kindergarten teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, and a total of 371 copies were analyzed, excluding two unfaithful responses. As for the analysis method, frequency analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, post-verification, and Pearson correlation analysis were performed using SPSS 26. The maker education research tool used a total of 36 questions in the SoC questionnaire developed by Hall, George, & Rutherford (1977) and the LoU questionnaire revised and supplemented by Lee-Kang (1993) based on the interest-based acceptance model (CBCM).
Results As a result of the study, first, the overall level of use of early childhood teachers for maker education remained at the stage of not implementing (Nonuser), and Even within the stage of not executing, the first level search stage was the most common. Next, there were many zero-level non-use stages, so most of the implementation levels of infant teachers were low. Second, the difference in the level of use of infant teachers according to individual background variables showed statistically significant differences in age, position, final education, institutional type, teaching experience, and age in charge. Third, there was a statistically significant difference in the level of use of early childhood teachers according to their experience related to maker education. Fourth, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the relationship between the maker education the stage of concern and the level of use of early childhood teachers.
Conclusions Through this study, it was confirmed that in order for early childhood maker education to be successfully established in the early stages of introduction, the level of use and the stage of concern of early childhood teachers must be improved. Therefore, teacher education is needed to present the concept and effect of maker education and the connection between the Nuri curriculum for teachers at a low level of execution.
Mediating Effect of Professional Perception between Social Support Perceived by Childcare Teachers and Teacher-Child Interaction Relationships
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Hyang-soon , Lee Jin-hee
Published: February 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating role of professional perception in the relationship between social support and teacher-child interaction.
Methods To this end, a survey was conducted on childcare teachers working at daycare centers in the J area. For the collected data, frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were calculated using the SPSS 24.0 statistical program, and correlation and mediation analysis were performed.
Results The results of the study were as follows: First, the relationship between social support, professional perception, and teacher-child interaction showed significant static correlations between all variables. Second, the mediating effect of professional perception in the relationship between social support and teacher-child interaction was examined, and it was found that it plays a partial mediating role.
Conclusions This study found that professional perception has a partially mediated effect on the relationship between social support and teacher-child interaction. Based on the results of the study, we discussed the interest in professional perception as a mediating factor linking social support and teacher-child interaction, and ways to promote social support and professional perception to improve the quality of teacher-child interaction.
Exploring the Core Competencies Required for University Education in the With COVID-19 Era
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Su-ran , Lee Sunkyung
Published: February 2023

Objectives This study is to recognize the changes in university education after COVID-19 and to explore core competencies that should be emphasized especially in such changes.
Methods For this purpose, the literature review and the FGI and Delphi surveys of 18 university education experts were conducted.
Results The main results of this study are as follows: First, non-face-to-face education will continue and expand in the situation of COVID-19 prolonged, and ‘self-educational competence, empathic communication, cooperative attitude, media literacy’ competence is especially important. Second, it is expected that the class using smart technology and edutech will be expanded. In this environmental change, ‘4-IR smart technology utilization, media literacy, creative problem solving ability, challenge practice ability, ethical critical thinking ability’ is required. Third, it is expected that social needs and meanings of the role of university education will be restructured, and the importance of ‘citizen consciousness, creative problem solving ability, career creation competence, and convergence ability’ is highlighted. Fourth, the development and operation of joint curriculum between universities are expected, and in this environment, ‘convergence ability, cooperative attitude, and career creation competence’ are emphasized.
Conclusions It is expected to be used as useful basic data for resetting core competencies in future by presenting core competencies that are still important regardless of COVID-19, core competencies that should be emphasized more after COVID-19, and newly highlighted core competencies.
Cuidado de la vida y salud pública
Authors: Hernández Álvarez Mario
Published: February 2023

Entre los días 17 y 19 de noviembre de 2022 se realizó el 18° Coloquio de Investigación en Salud Pública en el Centro de Estudios en Salud de la Universidad de Nariño (CESUN) de la Universidad de Nariño. Este es un evento anual que se lleva a cabo por iniciativa del Doctorado Interfacultades en Salud Pública de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, pero cada vez más participan escuelas de formación de investigadores(as) en el campo de la salud pública de todo el país y, recientemente, algunas de México.
Cambios en la calidad del sueño durante el semestre académico en estudiantes de la salud
Authors: Zapata-Lopez Jhoan Sebastian , Betancourt Peña Jhonatan
Published: February 2023

Introducción: La calidad del sueño tiene efectos en la salud física y mental, su alteración en estudiantes universitarios dificulta los procesos de memoria, concentración y capacidad de aprendizaje. En Colombia los estudios de sueño se centran principalmente en estudiantes de medicina y enfermería, y muy pocos identifican su relación con la carga académica. Objetivo: Describir los cambios en la calidad del sueño durante un semestre académico y acorde al ciclo de formación en universitarios de una facultad de salud y rehabilitación de Cali, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo mediante la aplicación del Índice de calidad del sueño de Pittsburgh al inicio y cierre del semestre a 241 estudiantes de Fisioterapia, Nutrición y Terapia ocupacional. Resultados: La mayoría de participantes eran mujeres, de 20 años o menos y de estratos socioeconómicos medio y bajo. Al inicio del semestre el 76,35% de estudiantes dormían 7 horas o más y al final se redujo al 49,79%. Al inicio del estudio el 24,90% presentaban mala calidad del sueño y al final la cifra ascendió a 54,36%. Conclusiones: Se presentó un incremento significativo de mala calidad del sueño al final del semestre académico, siendo mayor el cambio en los estudiantes del ciclo profesional.
Helicobacter pylori: Microorganismo patógeno o mutualista en poblaciones colombianas
Authors: Guzman Kevin Andres , Pazos Alvaro
Published: February 2023

Introducción: El riesgo de desarrollar cáncer gástrico varía entre continentes, países y regiones. A pesar de que existe una alta prevalencia de Helicobacter pylori su rol como patógeno o mutualista define el riesgo de cáncer gástrico en las regiones de Colombia. Objetivo: Discutir el rol de Helicobacter pylori en el riesgo de cáncer gástrico en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Revisión de literatura mediante la búsqueda, en las bases de datos LILACS, SciELO, PubMed. Resultados: La coevolución del humano y de Helicobacter pylori; la virulencia de genes cagA, vacA; el tipo de respuesta inmune inflamatoria a Helicobacter pylori (Th1) o antinflamatoria (Th2) y la susceptibilidad humana a cáncer gástrico (IL1β, IL10), junto a la dieta y factores ambientales explican el papel de Helicobacter pylori como patógeno o mutualista asociado al riesgo de cáncer gástrico en Colombia. Conclusiones: Helicobacter pylori tiene un rol mutualista principalmente en poblaciones de bajo riesgo de cáncer gástrico (costas), no obstante, en poblaciones con alto riesgo de cáncer gástrico (andes), su papel como patógeno amerita la erradicación; única estrategia para mitigar la alta incidencia de este cáncer en Colombia.
Multi-Objective, Multi-Armed Bandits: Algorithms for Repeated Games and Application to Route Choice
Authors: Huanca-Anquise Candy A. , Bazzan Ana Lúcia Cetertich , R. Tavares Anderson
Published: February 2023

Multi-objective decision-making in multi-agent scenarios poses multiple challenges. Dealing with multiple objectives and non-stationarity caused by simultaneous learning are only two of them, which have been addressed separately. In this work, reinforcement learning algorithms that tackle both issues together are proposed and applied to a route choice problem, where drivers must select an action in a single-state formulation, while aiming to minimize both their travel time and toll. Hence, we deal with repeated games, now with a multi-objective approach. Advantages, limitations and differences of these algorithms are discussed. Our results show that the proposed algorithms for action selection using reinforcement learning deal with non-stationarity and multiple objectives, while providing alternative solutions to those of centralized methods.
Livestock Monitoring Prototype Implementation and Validation
Authors: Aleluia Vitor M. T. , Soares Vasco N. G.  J. , Caldeira João M. L. P. , Gaspar Pedro D.
Published: February 2023

This paper presents the proposal, implementation and validation of a low cost fault-tolerant functional prototype for livestock monitoring. This prototype uses IoT devices, ESP8266 and ESP32, creating a mesh network, managed by the painlessMesh library, with WiFi and LoRa technologies. It allows, for instance, the collection of vital signs from animals. In comparison with the traditional method of livestock examination, this cost-efficient approach reduces manual labor and saves working time. It also improves animal health, increases profits and decreases the environmental footprint.
Performance of youth-owned businesses
Authors: Maebane Master Maapae
Published: February 2023

Youth entrepreneurship is one of the solutions for unemployment. Previous studies focused to some extent on the support of youth entrepreneurship. The purpose of this paper was to analyse the profitability of youth-owned businesses. This paper was aimed at making a scientific contribution to research studies by Radipere and Ladzani (2014) and Hallak et al. (2014) by analysing the profitability of youth-owned businesses, using a theoretical framework of profitability. A quantitative approach was followed to achieve the research objectives. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to compile descriptive statistics. The research results show an increase in profits attained by the youth-owned businesses surveyed. Moreover, the results indicate that youth-owned businesses recorded business growth from sales. Sales growth is an essential parameter for the survival and financial growth of a business. Good sales growth in a business can always be used for the benefit of the employees and the business in terms of providing salary raises, acquiring new assets, and expanding the business or the product line. Recommendations are made for young people who have undertaken new entrepreneurial ventures, business consultants, and other stakeholders in youth entrepreneurship, and future research directions are outlined.
Stomatal closure prevents xylem transport of green leaf volatiles and impairs their systemic function in plants
Authors: Maleki Feizollah A. , Seidl-Adams Irmgard , Fahimi Azadeh , Felton Gary , Tumlinson James
Published: February 2023

Plants perceive environmental stresses as whole organisms via distant
signals conveying danger messages through their vasculature. In parallel
to vascular transport, airborne plant volatile compounds, including
green leaf volatiles (GLVs), can bypass the lack of vascular connection.
However, some small volatile compounds move through the vasculature;
such vascular transport is little known about GLVs. Here we illustrate
GLV alcohols as solutes move within xylem vessels in Zea mays. We
describe GLV alcohols, including Z-3-hexenol and its isomer
E-3-hexenol, which is not synthesized in maize, is mobilized
through the transpiration stream via xylem vessels. Since transpiration
is mediated by stomatal aperture, closing stomata by two independent
methods diminishes the transport of GLV alcohol and its isomer. In
addition, lower transport of GLV alcohols impairs their function in
inducing terpenoid biosynthesis suggesting xylem transport of GLV
alcohols plays a significant role in their systemic function. Our study
not only shows that GLV alcohols can be transported in the xylem but
points to stomatal regulation as a mechanism that climatic factors such
as drought, heat, flooding, and high CO levels affect
systemic signaling functions of GLVs.
Implementing strategies in synthetic biology to maximize membrane protein production
Authors: Rieth Monica D.
Published: February 2023

Membrane proteins represent a class of proteins that are difficult
targets to characterize. Their structural and functional
characterization requires that they first be produced at quantities that
enable their biophysical and biochemical analysis. Because they are
natively produced at levels much lower than their soluble counterparts,
extraction from their natural sources is not sufficient to produce
enough material for these studies. Recombinant protein expression and
production has become a popular method to produce large amounts of
proteins for research and industrial purposes. Significant effort has
been spent finding new ways to optimize and increase protein expression.
As cutting edge techniques in synthetic biology continue to advance they
offer a potential well of opportunities to tune expression through
better control of the transcription and translation processes. Many
techniques being developed are geared toward the production of soluble
proteins, but in the following review, a focus on effective strategies
to maximize membrane protein production in yeast is presented and
includes many of the most innovative approaches to maximize expression
using synthetic biology. Synthetic biology utilizes modern techniques in
molecular biology and genetic engineering to optimize the production of
compounds produced in microbes by altering gene elements required for
transcription and translation of critical genes responsible for their
synthesis. Compounds include natural products, hydrocarbon-based
compounds for biofuels, and therapeutic proteins. Producing membrane
proteins recombinantly using similar methods to increase expression
yields is described in this review along with cutting edge techniques
like cell-free expression, which circumvents many of the common problems
that plague overexpression of membrane proteins microbial-based
platforms.
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
Authors: Smit Chane , Uys Andre
Published: February 2023

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is a rare condition with an
estimated prevalence of one in two million individuals. The condition is
characterised by widespread heterotrophic ossification of skeletal
muscles and ligaments. We report the case of an eight-year-old female
patient and show the radiological progression of the condition.
Statistical approach for lipase production from thermotolerant Bacillus subtilis TTP-06 isolated from a hot spring
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Gupta Reena
Published: February 2023

In present study, response surface methodology was employed for the
optimization of production of extracellular lipase from thermotolerant
Bacillus subtilis TTP-06 which was isolated from Tattapani hot spring of
Himachal Pradesh, India. In Plackett-Burman Design (PBD), interactions
among six different factors viz. glucose and peptone concentration; pH,
temperature, incubation time and olive oil concentration were studied.
The factors which showed a positive effect on the production included
glucose and nitrogen concentration; pH and temperature. The optimum
values of all these positive factors were determined by using Central
Composite Design (CCD). Results of statistical analysis of variance
(ANOVA) indicated a p-value of <0.05 which revealed the
significance of quadratic model with determination coefficient (R2)
value of 0.7846. The optimum concentration of glucose 2.75% (w/v) and
peptone 1.65% (w/v) in a medium of pH 7.5 incubated at temperature 55ºC
for 24 hrs with 1% (v/v) inoculum gave maximum lipase activity of 8.889
U/ml.
Audible Noise Analysis of 750 kV AC Transmission Line in High-altitude Area Under Different Weather
Authors: zhang yemao , Xu Jilai , Li Ni , Ding Lijian , Wu Xiong
Published: February 2023

In order to build UHV AC transmission lines at high altitudes, it is
necessary to analyze the audible noise characteristics of the existing
EHV transmission lines at high altitude areas to guide the design. The
typical test data of audible noise for 750 kV single circuit
transmission lines measured at the Guanting long-term observation
station, located at an altitude of 1854 m, were collected. Two methods
of sorting the test data of audible noise and extracting valid data were
given. Then the levels of audible noise under different weather
conditions were analyzed, which showed that audible noise was raised
with the increase of instantaneous rainfall and snowfall. Typical
frequency spectrums of audible noise under different weather were also
obtained, the pure tone at 100 Hz was more prominent under rainy and
snowy weather, and the pure tone oscillation attenuated at different
positions. Audible noise at different locations presented the better
attenuation characteristics with the increase of distance during rainy
days. The statistical results and calculated difference of audible noise
over 5.5 hours with continuous rainfall were obtained. For the quiet
plateau areas, the calculated difference between audible noise during
rainy days and fair weather can be taken as 25 dB.
Identifying Machine-Paraphrased Plagiarism
Authors: Wahle Jan Philip , Ruas Terry , Foltynek Tomas , Meuschke Norman , Gipp Bela
Published: February 2023

Employing paraphrasing tools to conceal plagiarized text is a severe
threat to academic integrity. To enable the detection of
machine-paraphrased text, we evaluate the effectiveness of five
pre-trained word embedding models combined with machine learning
classifiers and state-of-the-art neural language models. We analyze
preprints of research papers , graduation theses, and Wikipedia
articles, which we paraphrased using different configurations of the
tools SpinBot and SpinnerChief. The best performing technique,
Longformer, achieved an average F1 score of 80.99% (F1=99.68% for
SpinBot and F1=71.64% for Spinner-Chief cases), while human evaluators
achieved F1=78.4% for SpinBot and F1=65.6% for SpinnerChief cases. We
show that the automated classification alleviates shortcomings of
widely-used text-matching systems , such as Turnitin and PlagScan. To
facilitate future research, all data 3 , code 4 , and two web
applications 56 showcasing our contributions are openly available.
Projection of future fire emissions over the contiguous US using explainable artificial intelligence and CMIP6 models
Authors: Wang Sally S.-C. , Leung L Ruby , Qian Yun
Published: February 2023

Increasing temperature and water cycle changes due to warming climate
may increase wildfire activities. Reliable projections of fire emissions
are critical for informing fire management to address fire impacts on
societies and ecosystems. Here, we construct a neural network (NN) model
explained by the Shapley Additive explanation (SHAP) to predict fire
PM emissions change and understand their drivers over
the contiguous US (CONUS) in the mid-21st century under a high
greenhouse gas emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5). Using future meteorology
and leaf area index (LAI) simulated by eight global climate models from
the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), future
population density, and present-day land use and land cover (LULC) as
input to the NN model, the total fire PM emissions
over CONUS are projected to increase by 4-75% (model spread). Among
different regions, fire emissions in the western US are projected to
increase more significantly in June-July-August (JJA) than in other
seasons and regions, with the median ratios of future to present-day
fire emissions ranging from 1.67 to 2.86. The increases in fire
emissions are mainly driven by increasing normalized temperature
(23-29%) and decreasing soil moisture (2-10%) in the future. When
future LULC change is considered, the projected fire emissions further
increase by 58%-83% over the western US compared to projections
without LULC change because of future increases in vegetation fraction.
The results highlight the important role of warmer temperature,
decreasing soil moisture, and LULC change in increasing fire emissions
in the future.
On Hom-Leibniz superalgebras
Authors: Teng Wen , You Taijie , Ke Yuanyuan
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we define a new type of cohomology for Hom-Leibniz
superalgebras which controls deformations of Hom-Leibniz superalgebras. The
cohomology and the associated deformation theory for Hom-Leibniz
superalgebras as developed here are also extended to equivariant context,
under the presence of finite group actions on Hom-Leibniz superalgebras.
Nonlinear mixed Jordan triple ∗-derivations on factor von Neumann algebras
Authors: Li Changjing , Zhang Dongfang
Published: February 2023

Let A be a factor von Neumann algebra with dimA ? 2. In this paper, it is
proved that a map ? : A ? A is a nonlinear mixed Jordan triple ?-derivation
if and only if ? is an additive ?-derivation.
On Quasi-nested wandering domains
Authors: Chakraborty Gorachand , Datta Sanjib
Published: February 2023

In this paper, the nature of the singularity of a meromorphic functions of
the form f (z) = 1 h(z) + a for a ? C and h is an entire function having a
Baker wandering domain, lying over the Baker omitted value is discussed.
Various dynamical issues relating to the singular values of f have been
studied. Also following are shown in this paper. If a be the Baker omitted
value of f then f has a Quasi-nested wandering domain U if and only if there
exists {nk}k>0 such that each Unk surrounds a and Unk ? a as k ? ?. If f is
a function having Quasi-nested wandering domain then all the Fatou
components of f are bounded. In particular, f has no Baker domain. Also
existence of Quasi-nested wandering domain ensures that the Julia component
containing ? i.e., J? is a singleton buried component. At the end of the
paper a result about the non existence of Quasi-nested wandering domain is
given.
Continuity of spectra on class of p-wA(s,t) operators
Authors: Chō M. , Prasad T. , Rashid M.H.M. , Tanahashi K. , Uchiyama A.
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we show that spectrum, Weyl spectrum and Browder spectrum are
continuous on the set of p-wA(s,t) operators with 0 < p ? 1 and 0 < s, t, s
+ t ? 1.
A hybrid regularization model for linear inverse problems
Authors: Fang Ximing
Published: February 2023

For the ill-posed linear inverse problem, we propose a hybrid regularization
model, which possesses the characters of Tikhonov regularization and TV
regularization to some extent. Through transformation, the hybrid
regularization is reformulated as an equivalent minimization problem. To
solve the minimization problem, we present two modified iterative
shrinkage-thresholding algorithms (MISTA) based on the fast iterative
shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA) and the iterative
shrinkagethresholding algorithm (ISTA). The numerical experiments are
performed to show the effectiveness and superiority of the regularization
model and the presented algorithms.
Exocrine proteins including Trypsin(ogen) as a key biomarker in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Bakinowska Lilianna , Vartak Tanwi , Phuthego Thato , Taylor Michelle , Chandler Kyla , Jerram Samual T , Williams Steven , Feldmann Marc , Johnson Desmond G , Patel Kashyap A , Williams Alistair JK , Long Anna E , Leslie R David , Gillespie Kathleen M , Consortium The Action LADA , Group The BOX Study
Published: February 2023

  

Objective

Proteomic profiling can identify useful biomarkers. Monozygotic(MZ) twins, discordant for a condition represent an ideal test population. We aimed to investigate and validate proteomic profiling in twins with type 1 diabetes and in other well characterised cohorts.

Research Design and Methods

A broad, multiplex analysis of 4068 proteins in sera from MZ twins concordant (n=43) and discordant for type 1 diabetes (n=27) identified major differences which were subsequently validated by a trypsin(ogen) assay in MZ pairs concordant (n=39) and discordant (n=42) for type 1 diabetes, individuals at-risk (n=195) and with type 1 diabetes (n=990), as well as with non-insulin requiring adult-onset diabetes diagnosed as either autoimmune (n=96) or type 2 (n=291).

Results

Proteomic analysis identified major differences between exocrine enzyme levels in discordant MZ twin pairs despite strong correlation between twins, whether concordant or discordant for type 1 diabetes (p<0.01 for both). In validation experiments, trypsin(ogen) levels were lower in twins with diabetes compared with non-diabetic co-twins (p<0.0001) and healthy controls (p<0.0001). In recently-diagnosed cases, trypsin(ogen) levels were lower than in controls across a broad age range. In at-risk relatives, levels <15 ng/ml were associated with increased risk of progression (uncorr. p=0.009). Multiple linear regression in recently-diagnosed cases showed that trypsin(ogen) levels were associated with insulin dose and diabetic ketoacidosis while age and BMI were confounders.

Conclusions

Type 1 diabetes is associated with altered exocrine function, even before onset. Twin data suggest roles for genetic and non-genetically determined factors. Exocrine/endocrine interactions are important under-investigated factors in type 1 diabetes.
The response of freshwater plankton communities to temporal concurrence of agrochemical mixtures
Authors: del Arco Ana , Parra Gema , Downing Amy Lynn
Published: February 2023

Freshwater ecosystems regularly experience pulsed inputs of nutrients and other pollutants as a result of temporally variable applications of agrochemicals combined with runoff events. In this study, we evaluate how planktonic communities respond to repeated and pulsed insecticide disturbances and if the response depends on temporal concurrence with nutrient pulses. We conducted an experiment using mesocosms to assess the ecotoxicological effects of a commonly used insecticide (chlorpyrifos) and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) on plankton communities. The mesocosms (300 L) were established outdoors for 10 weeks. The experiment consisted of 3 treatments: nutrient pulse of nitrogen and phosphorus every two weeks (N; considered as control), nutrients and insecticide pulsed simultaneously every two weeks (NI), and nutrients and insecticide pulsed in alternating weeks (N_I). Insecticide and nutrient pulses consisted of 2 μg/L of chlorpyrifos, 560 μg/L of nitrogen, and 39.9 μg/L of phosphorus. Zooplankton abundance, community structure, and diversity were used as structural indicators. Chlorophyll a and net production were used as functional indicators. We found no effect of the treatments on zooplankton abundance, while richness and Shannon diversity was lower in treatments with pulsed insecticide (NI and N_I) compared to control treatment (N). Phytoplankton biomass was higher in the treatments with insecticide than in the controls (N). Higher phytoplankton biomass could be explained by an indirect effect shift from a cladocera-dominated to a copepod-dominated community in response to the insecticide treatment. Overall, the insecticide disturbance had direct and indirect effects on the community and did not depend on whether insecticides were pulsed synchronously or asynchronously with nutrients.
Spatial Distribution of Potential Pollution Load Point Source of Bedadung River in the Urban Area Segment
Authors: Novita Elida , Karomi Ahmad Zaidan , Pradana Hendra Andiananta
Published: February 2023

The variety of community activities in urban areas and a poor domestic sewage system are thought to affect the water quality of the Bedadung River. The high level of river pollution is caused by the high amount of polluting waste that enters, thus increasing the pollution load. Point source pollutant sources are sources of pollutants originating from certain sources that can be identified directly, such as domestic waste disposal, industrial activities, and others. Organic pollutants from domestic waste that enter the river can reduce the dissolved oxygen concentration in the river which can affect the quality of river water. The quality of water from pollutants can be indicated by knowing the concentration of the oxygen content in the water. To find out, it is necessary to measure the amount of BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand). The BOD value can be used as an index number to measure the level of pollutants from waste in a water system. In addition, changes in land use are also the impact of population growth and increased human activity. Land-use changes that ignore the principles of ecosystem sustainability tend to harm the environment, including a decrease in water quality. This study was conducted to determine the potential point source pollution load of Bedadung River in the Urban Area using information about the Bedadung River both spatial data and pollutant water quality (BOD) data. All data is combined and processed using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technology. The data were analyzed and plotted into a map depicting the distribution of potential point source pollutant loads in the Bedadung River Urban Area Segment. The results of the analysis of land cover pollutant source areas based on the boundary include rice fields of 18.97%, fields of 5.98%, gardens of 12.85%, rivers of 12.25%, and settlements having the largest land area of 49.96% of the total area of the study area. The results of the calculation of the potential point source pollution load showed that the highest potential pollution load value was in the Kaliwates village of 13.966 kg/day, the lowest was in the Antirogo village of 0.004 kg/day and the total point source pollution load was 36.31 kg/day.