bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical Treatment of Hereditary Lens Subluxations
Authors: Ozdek Sengul , Sari Ayca , Bilgihan Kamil , Akata Fikret , Hasanreisoglu Berati
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and results of pars plana vitreolensectomy approach with transscleral fixation of intraocular lens in hereditary lens subluxations.

* METHODS: Fifteen eyes of 9 consecutive patients with a mean age of 12. 8 ±6.2 years (6-26 years) with hereditary lens subluxation were operated on and the results were evaluated in a prospective study. Surgery was considered if best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) was less than 20/70. All eyes underwent a 2port pars plana vitreolensectomy and transscleral fixation of an intraocular lens (IOL).

* RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 12.6 ±7.5 months (6-22 months). There was no major intraoperative complication. Preoperatively, 8 eyes (53.3%) had a BSCVA of counting fingers (CF) and 7 eyes (46.6%) had a BSCVA of 20/200 to 20/70. Postoperatively, 14 eyes (93.3%) had a BSCVA of 20/50 or better. None of the patients had IOL decentration or intraocular pressure (IOP) increase during the follow-up period. There was a macular hole formation in 1 eye postoperatively.

* CONCLUSIONS: The early results of pars plana vitreolensectomy with IOL implantation using scleral fixation technique had shown that it not only promises a rapid visual rehabilitation but it is also a relatively safe method. More serious complications, however, may occur in the long term.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2002;33:309-313]
Management of Pseudophakic Retinal Detachment With Undetectable Retinal Breaks
Authors: Wu Wen-Chuan , Chen Ming-Tsong , Hsu Sheng-Yao , Chang Chi-Wu
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Difficulties encountered during the repair of Pseudophakic retinal detachment are related to difficulties in peripheral retinal visualization and identification of retinal breaks. The implication of nonvisualized breaks in patients with Pseudophakic retinal detachment is associated with lower rates of surgical success. This report decribes the results of a prospective trial to evaluate the efficacy of both scleral buckling surgery in the treatment of Pseudophakic retinal detachment with undetected retinal breaks and pars plana vitrectomy techniques in the management of the cases that redetected after primary buckling surgery.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study represents 25 cases of Pseudophakic retinal detachment with undiagnosed retinal breaks. In each case, we performed a scleral buckling that extended over the circumference of the retinal detachment. Pars plana vitrectomy with internal subretinal fluid drainage and long-term tamponade were performed on 7 patients with uncomplicated recurrent retinal detachments after primary buckling surgery. The mean duration of follow up was 32 months.

* RESULTS: There were 25 eyes (24.5%) of Pseudophakic retinal detachment with undiagnosed retinal breaks represented in our Pseudophakic retinal detachment cases. Anatomic success was achieved after the initial scleral buckling surgery in 18 eyes (72%). The overall success rate was 92%. The visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 8 patients (32%), 20/80 to 20/40 in 6 patients (24%), 5/200 to 20/80 in 7 patients (28%), and light perception to hand movement in 4 patients (16%). Complications included vitreous hemorrhage, macular pucker, cystoid macular edema, and hypotony with proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

* CONCLUSION: Scleral buckling surgery in conjunction with cryotherapy is effective in the initial treatment of Pseudophakic retinal detachment with undetectable retinal breaks. Pars plana vitrectomy with internal fluid-gas exchange and long-term tamponade can be used to treat these patients with recurrent retinal detachment after primary buckling surgery to get a higher overall success rate.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2002;33:314-318]
Intraosseous Hemangioma of the Orbit
Authors: Charles Norman C , Lisman Richard D
Published: April 2021

Abstract. A case of intraosseous orbital hemangioma is reported to alert surgeons to possible intraoperative hemorrhage during excision of such a lesion. A slowly enlarging mass was excised from the orbital rim of a 49-year-old woman. The clinical diagnosis was not suspected. In retrospect, roentgenographic findings included a focal honeycombed pattern of the zygomatic bone. Surgery was complicated by persistent low-volume bleeding. Histology showed endotheliallined blood-filled channels within the bone. Intraosseous orbital hemangioma is a rare, benign neoplasm that can often be diagnosed clinically by characteristic roentgenographic findings. Observation should be considered as a therapeutic alternative when the radiographic diagnosis is established and when ocular function is not compromised. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2002;33:326-328]
Transsclerally Fixated Intraocular Lenses in Children
Authors: Ozmen Ahmet T , Dogru Murat , Erturk Haluk , Ozcetin Hikmet
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the visual outcome and complications of transsclerally fixated intraocular lenses (IOLs) in children without sufficient capsular support.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-one aphakic eyes of 18 children (13 boys and 5 girls) who underwent secondary transscleral IOL fixation were evaluated retrospectively. Ten eyes with aphakia after infantile cataract surgery, 7 aphakic eyes following traumatic cataract surgery, and 4 eyes after ectopia lentis surgery received secondary transscleral posterior chamber IOL fixation because of by insufficient posterior capsular support. Visual outcomes and postoperative complications were recorded.

* RESULTS: After a mean follow up of 22.5 months (range, 12 to 36 months), visual improvement of more than 2 Snellen lines was observed in 9 eyes (42.8 %). Preoperative visual acuity could not be assessed in 7 eyes (33.3%) because of associated neurological and developmental disorders. One eye (4.7%) lost 2 Snellen lines of the best corrected visual acuity because of concurrent endophthalmitis and retinal detachment. Pupillary distortion, transient pupillary membrane, pupillary capture as well as strabismus and anterior uveitis, were the most common complications. Endophthalmitis and retinal detachment were the most severe postoperative complications.

* CONCLUSION: Transsclerally fixated IOL implantation may be visually rewarding in well selected pediatric cases, but the potential complications would suggest extreme caution in its consideration. Until long-term studies are published, it is difficult to recommend implantation unless it is deemed impossible to provide adequate rehabilitation by other means such as contact lenses or aphakic spectacles.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2002;33:394-399]
Clinical Evaluation of Posterior Capsule Opacification in Eyes With Different Small-Incision Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Yoshida Shinichiro , Senoo Tadashi , Fujikake Fukumi , Obara Yoshitaka
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To present a new method to quantify posterior capsular opacity with an anterior eye segment image analyzer (EAS1000, NIDEK)

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study was comprised of patients who underwent phacoemulsification intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Three types of IOLS, acrylic, silicone, and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were allocated to 30 eyes and clinically evaluated. Patients were observed for 3 years postoperatively using an anterior eye segment image analyzer (EASlOOO). Opacity was determined by calculating the area of opacity from a retroillumination image. In the retroillumination mode of analysis, the measurement was limited to a 4-mm-diameter region of the pupillary zone to eliminate the influence of anterior capsular opacity. For color map analysis, the threshold level was expressed as the color tone of 0-255 CCT (computer compatible tape). The glare disability was measured to evaluate the three types of IOLs.

* RESULTS: The color map analysis revealed a timerelated increase in the opacity level of patients receiving the PMMA IOL implant. Three years after surgery, the levels were significantly higher in the PMMA group (/*<0.01) compared to the acryl and silicone groups: acryl (17.5±3.8), silicone (18.0±6.2%), and PMMA 36.5±32.9%.

* CONCLUSION: Quantitative evaluation using an anterior eye segment image analyzer is effective for observing the degree of posterior capsule opacification. The color map analysis using an anterior eye segment image correlated with the visual function revealed that the time-related increase in the opacity level was significant during the third year in patients receiving PMMA IOL implantation.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2002;33:450-455]
Intrascleral Implantation of Glass Beads During Evisceration
Authors: Rosner Mordechai , Ben-Bassat Iris , Rosen Nachum
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To review the results after small glass bead implantation in the scleral cavity during evisceration.

* MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, we retrieved the follow-up data of 17 patients who underwent evisceration with glass bead implantation from 1993 to 1996.

* RESULTS: All patients achieved good cosmetic results with good motility of the prosthesis. Complications included transient Chemosis at the early postoperative period in 3 patients (17.6%), 1 patient (5.9%) with local dehiscence of the wound, 1 patient developed a cyst in the socket (5.9%), and 1 patient was afflicted with thinning of the conjunctiva over the surgical wound.

* CONCLUSION: The use of glass beads to fill the scleral cavity during evisceration has the advantage of an excellent fit in accordance with the scleral cavity volume, as well as ease of treatment in case of extrusion. The prosthesis movement is good because of its engagement with the scleral bulges caused by the glass beads.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2002;33:469-474]
Tube Occlusion From the External Ostium After Implantation of an Aqueous Shunt
Authors: Bayer Atilla , Wilson Richard P , Eagle Ralph C
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Two patients had undergone double-plate Mokeno shunt implantation. Both patients required surgical revision, the first at 4 1 months and the second at 8 months postoperatively, because of a failure of previously functioning tube shunts caused by blockage of the external ostium and intraluminal invasion of the tube by fibrous tissue. At the time of surgical revision, fibrous tissue extended down the lumen of the tube, occluding its external ostium. After excision of this tissue, both shunts became fiilly functional. When functioning aqueous shunts fail and there is no evidence of a bleb over the shunt reservoir or blockage of the internal ostium, ingrowth of fibrous tissue into the external ostium should be considered as a potential cause, especially if a ripcord or Latina suture has been left in place.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2002;33:493-496]
A Case of Neurosyphilis Revealed by Acute Exudative Polymorphous Vitelliform Maculopathy
Authors: Wolff Benjamin , Mrejen Sarah , Freund K. Bailey , Titah Cherif , Mauget-Faÿsse Martine
Published: April 2021

The authors report the case of a healthy 56-year-old man presenting with bilateral vision loss. Clinical features were consistent with the diagnosis of acute exudative polymorphous vitelliform maculopathy (AEPVM). The patient returned 10 days later with bilateral anterior granulomatous uveitis, and the inflammatory work-up revealed treponemal antibodies in the serum and spinal fluid, consistent with a diagnosis of active neurosyphilis. The patient received standard treatment for neurosyphilis with intravenous penicillin G. Two months later, the intraocular inflammation had resolved, but the resolution of the vitelliform lesions was more gradual. An immune process could be a plausible explanation for these clinical findings. Clinicians should be aware that syphilis can produce AEPVM.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2014;45:e29–e31.]
Population biology of sympatric species of Caprella (Amphipoda: Caprellidae) in a tropical algal bed
Authors: Rejane de Paula Daniela , Souza Cunha Karla Vanessa , Corsini Pereira Garcia Isabela , De Paiva Barros-Alves Samara , Buzá Jacobucci Giuliano
Published: April 2021

The population biology of the three sympatric species of caprellids (Caprella danilevskii, C. equilibra and C. scaura) associated with a Sargassum bed was studied in the northern coast of São Paulo state, Brazil. Samplings were carried out monthly from October 2010 to February 2012. In each month, 25 fronds of Sargassum were randomly collected through snorkelling. The caprellids were identified, counted, classified by sex and separated into size classes. Caprella danilevskii was the most abundant species, with 14939 specimens recorded. The body size of males was larger than that of females for C. danilevskii and C. equilibra, and the sex ratio was skewed toward males for all species. The size-frequency distribution was polymodal for C. danilevskii and C. scaura and bimodal for C. equilibra. Mature males of C. scaura and C. equilibra were recorded in all size classes. The last size classes (from 8.3–9.4 to 12.7–13.8 mm) were dominated by mature males. Mature and ovigerous females were more frequent in intermediate size classes. Significant temporal variations were recorded for the three species with higher densities in spring and summer that are related to higher algal biomass; but other environmental factors are certainly important for explaining caprellid density variation.
Ommastrephid squid spawning in the North Sea: oceanography, climate change and species range expansion
Authors: Barrett Christopher J. , MacLeod Eleanor , Oesterwind Daniel , Laptikhovsky Vladimir
Published: April 2021

The lesser flying squid (Todaropsis eblanae) and the shortfin squid (Illex coindetii) are two abundant ommastrephids of the northeast Atlantic. Spawning ground existence was inferred from the captures of mature, mated females in summer 2016–2019 and their occurrences were compared with respective oceanographic data from international surveys to gain insight into environmental predictors of their presence throughout the North Sea. Spawning T. eblanae were found in relatively cooler and more saline waters (6–8°C, 34.2–35.1 psu) in the northern North Sea linked to the Fair Isle Current and East Shetland Atlantic Inflow, whilst spawning I. coindetii occurred across the entire North Sea (mostly at 9–10.5°C, 34.1–34.8 psu). We hypothesize that a combination of water salinity and water temperature are key factors in the spatiotemporal distribution of spawning ommastrephid squids as they define water density that is crucial for pelagic egg mass to attain neutral buoyancy.
Information Cascades and Online Shopping
Authors: Liu Qihua , Zhang Binqi , Wang Li , Zhang Xiaoyu , Li Yiran
Published: April 2021

This study investigates and compares the impact of information cascades on online shopping behaviors in China and the United States. In particular, the role of information cascades in moderating the effect of price discounts has been examined and cross-culturally compared. To do so, two 122-day panel data sets were collected from two separate online flagship stores selling a same brand of sports shoes on Tmall.com and eBay.com. The results show that product ranking positively influences the product sales in the online shopping market, which follows the predicted results achieved in information cascades studies. Moreover, information cascades are more prominent for Chinese consumers than for American consumers. The findings also suggest that information cascades have moderated the impact of price discounts on online purchase behavior. However, this moderating effect is also influenced by cultural orientation of online customers. The findings are important from not only a theoretical perspective but also a managerial one.
Gender Differentials on Information Sharing and Privacy Concerns on Social Networking Sites
Authors: Mutambik Ibrahim , Almuqrin Abdullah , Liu Yulong , Alhossayin Maryah , Qintash Fatmah Hussain
Published: April 2021

This paper undertakes to explore the perceptions of academics regarding information sharing on social network sites (SNS) and related privacy issues. Specifically, the paper was designed targeting academics using SNS to disseminate information and/or for other academic purposes. The paper is based on a mixed method research, the exploratory stage consequential for the confirmatory stage of the research. The findings of the research highly the complex relationships between personal information collection and usage (PICU) factors, personal information control (PIC) factors, and awareness of the effectiveness of privacy policy (AEPP) factors. This culminates in the formulation of a research model based on the theory of reasoned action. Given that the research took place within a context where gender is significant in shaping the worldview of the individual, groups, and society, the paper also seeks to contribute to the existing gender-based narrative on information sharing and privacy issues on SNS, mainly demystifying gender-based stereotypes.
Obstacles in Getting Over Tuberculosis in Korea
Authors: Yoon You Sun
Published: April 2021

No abstract available.
The Lamp of Saint Doctor Trudeau
Authors: Lee Jae-Gyu
Published: April 2021

No abstract available.
Preliminary Report on Ambulatory Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Kim Taik Chae , Lee Kwan-Hee , Han Eung-Soo
Published: April 2021

No abstract available.
New Investigation on Tuberculous Infection
Authors: Lee Sung Kwan
Published: April 2021

No abstract available.
Tuberculous Empyema
Authors: Lee Chan She
Published: April 2021

No abstract available.
Compound Research of Resistance in Chemotherapy
Authors: Choo Y. J. , Chung Hung Mo
Published: April 2021

One of the most important problems encountered in the chemotherapy of the tuberculosis is to decide the degree of resistance of the tubercle bacilli against the antituberculous agent in use. There has been no agreement on a standard procedure for this continuing chemotherapy according to the degree of resistance and many. different opinions have been expressed by workers in different countries. lt has been noted that, even when the degree of resistance is high, continuation of the chemotherapy produces improvement in subjective symptoms and sputum and X-ray findings. This could partially be explained by the incomplete resistance of the bacilli but there are many discrepancies between the problem of resistance and clinical results. lt is felt that this discrepancies originate from the deficiencies in the method being used at present and the sensitivity test. Tubercle bacilli which have been in contact with combined anti t.uberculous agents for a prolonged period are seperated and tested in the “ seperate" medium to which streptomycin, P. A. S. or l. N. H. has been added singly. By witnessing the death or growth of the bacilli, we generally determine the sensitibity of the bacilli in cases of a ‘’combined" chemotherapy. It is felt that clearly this is an unsatisfactory method and this should explain why there are so many discrepancie between the results of Current sensitibit tests and the clinical outcomes. ln order to make some improvement on the sensitibity test in combined chemotherapy, following research has been carried out using “ seperate" and “ compound " methods. This is the first report in this service, Table 1 shows the series of media. Table 2 shows the results of “ seperate" and “ compound" methods in the sensitibity tests in those combined chemotherapy cases who received streptomycin and P.A.S. streptomycin and l. N. H. , P.A.S. and l. N. H . or streptomycin, P. A. S. and I. N. H. at this institution.The results follow : Among 11 cases (excluding 4 cases in whom culture wae negative) , only 2 (#7 and 14) had no discrepancy between “ seperate" and “ compound" ln 6 cases (#8, 9,11, 12,13 and 15) discontinuation of chemotherapy seems indicated according to the present “ seperate" sensitibity test . However, examination by the “ compound" method shows the advisa bility of continuing combined chemotherapy in this case. The results in case #1 and 5 suggest that the use of the “ compound" method in selected cases may reveal the existence of a “compound" dependent strain, when the “ seperate" sensibility lest. shows negative result. lt is feJt that this problems must be studied in a Jarger series of cases and the results checked against clinical Outcomes.
A Case of Pulmonary Cyst treated by Resection
Authors: Lee Kang Baik
Published: April 2021

A case of pulmonary cyst in the Ieft lower Jobe of a 37 years oId man was presented. His chief complaint was hemoptγsis. The radiological examinations showed a large cavity in the left lower lobe which did not appear to be tuberculous. This was treated successfully by left lower lobectomy. The cystic condition, in this case, was considered to be congenital and bronchogenic in origin.
Artificial Pneumoperitoneum for Tuberculous Cavities of the Lung
Authors: Chung Wu Jin
Published: April 2021

67 cases of tuberculous cavities treated by pneumoperitoneum during the past 28 months were presented. It is found that, unless the lesion was old productive type, the majority of cavities respended favorably to sustained pneumoperitoneum. It is felt that in Korea where there are limited facilities for pulmonary surgery, those cavities should be treated with pneumoperitoneum as early as possible regardless of the location of the cavities. These cases reported were all treated on outpatient basis and consepuently without bed rest. The first case was a truck-driver who continued to carry out his daily work to the extent of developing an inguinal hernia. In this case the cavity disappeared completely and from this it is apparant that, unless the lesion is a serious exudative type, it is possible to attain satisfactory results without bed rest. This experience covers only the past two years and, consequently，it is impossible to deduce the long term results from this study.
The Results of Ambulatory Treatment by Chemotherapy for T. B. Patients
Authors: Pyun Hae Won , Lee Kwan Hi , Han Eung Soo
Published: April 2021

We have observed 54 T. B. patients. ates interval of every 3 months, who have been given Chemotherapy for the last 12 months, for the purpose of finding out when the Chemotherapy brings the maxir mum effects and when the most suitable time for surgery is. If we could find them out, it would save time and money in the treatment of the patients. The Result of the Above Observation.1. Radiologieally highest rate of the improvement comes at the 6th month from the start of Chemotherapy, The improvement continues even after that of the first 6th month. but the ratio is very low comparing with the group at 6th month. The percentage of the improvement is 77%, but that of the marked improvement is 44.4% at the 12 month.2. Cavity closure rate is the highest at the 6th month and at the 9th month, but after the 9th month, the ratio does not rise at all in the results. The ratio at 9th month is 37.7% and that at 1.2 th month is same as that at 9th month .3. Sputum conversion rate to negative result on culture. The highest conversion rate is also at the 6th month. After 6th month the percentage of conversion rises. but the ratio is very low, especialIy so after the 9th month. Total conversion rate is 67.7%. about 80% of which is at the 6th month. The results of our observation clearly indicates that surgery should be made principally between the 6th month and the 9th month, after the beginning of chemotherapy.4. R. B. G. Sedimentation rate. We obtain 74% improvement even at. 3rd month and percentage kept going higher and at the 12th month, the rate went as high as 90% .5. Comperative observation of different regimen of Chemotherapy. Regimen of S.M. plus INAH showed about the same results in all phases of stuby. However, S.M. plus INAH regime was somewhat better in Radiological improvement and R. B . C. Sedimentation rate than other regimes. S.M. plus PAS regime showed slightly better results in closure of cavity and bacteriologicalcombertion rate of sputum.All results except R. B. G. Sedimentation rate show that the time when the highest improvement is obtained is between the 6th and 9th month of their chemotherapy.
Pattern of lipid profile in patients attending metabolic clinic in Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Orugbo Voke Peter
Published: April 2021

Owing to its high prevalence, dyslipidemia is rapidly becoming a major public heart issue worldwide, and especially in Nigeria. Although it is a preventable significant risk factor for coronary heart disease, it is a common leading cause of death in Nigeria. The study therefore investigated the lipid profiles of patients attending Metabolic Clinic at the Delta State University Teaching Hospital (DELSUTH). A total of 713 participants were recruited for the study. Blood samples (5mls) were collected via venipuncture from each of the participants and distributed into tubes containing EDTA and fluoride oxalate. A spectrophotometer was used to conduct the lipid analysis, and the normal operating assay protocol was followed. Results showed total cholesterol in the male (194.6 mg/dL) were generally lower than in the females, particularly for participants below the age of 40. However, as the ages progressed (that is, above 40 years), total cholesterol in males became higher than those in the females. Antherogenic ratio as well as antherogenic index of plasma were higher in the female gender at ages below 40 years. The study showed that the risk of hypercholesterolemia may be higher within the active age period of 30-60 years. As seen in the current study, plasma lipid levels change drastically by sexual development or maturity, and the trends vary by age and sex. The study also significantly demonstrated the elevated lipids levels in younger women in the study population than older men. When assessing screening and diagnostic criteria for classifying individuals with elevated blood lipid levels, pubertal or sexual growth may be taken into account.
Strengthening exercises using swiss ball improve pain, health status, quality of life and muscle strength in patients with fibromyalgia: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Arakaki J.S. , Jennings F. , Estrela G.Q. , Cruz Martinelli V.d.G. , Natour J.
Published: April 2021

The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of strengthening exercises using the Swiss ball in patients with fibromyalgia through a randomized controlled trial with intention to treat analyses. A total of 60 patients with fibromyalgia met the inclusion criteria and were randomly allocated to either the Swiss ball exercise group (n=30) or a stretching group (n=30). All patients participated in 40-minute training sessions 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Pain (Visual Analogue Scale 0-100); muscle strength (One Repetition Maximum test); health status (Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire Revised); quality of life (Short Form-36 questionnaire) were evaluated at baseline, and after 6 and 12 weeks of training. The Swiss ball group showed a statistically significant improvement in VAS (0-100) (p<0.001), SF-36 (p<0.05) and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (p<0.001) compared with the stretching group. The results of this study proved that the treatment for fibromyalgia with strengthening exercises and the use of the Swiss ball led to improvement of pain, quality of life, muscle strength and decreased the need for medications for this disease compared to stretching exercises, without negative effects.
Introduction to the “Circum-Arctic Palynological Event Stratigraphy” (CAPE) series of papers
Authors: Bujak Jonathan , Fensome Robert , Mangerud Gunn , Williams Graham
Published: April 2021

Palynomorphs are one of the few groups of fossils that provide biostratigraphic control in marine to nonmarine rocks and can be applied as proxies for paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic interpretations. Their utility is enhanced by their microscopic size, which is usually less than 200 micrometres; they are thus easily recovered from small rock samples. They occur throughout the Phanerozoic and are therefore invaluable in refining biostratigraphic control of Arctic successions in Alaska, Arctic Canada, Greenland, northern Europe, and northern Russia. The objective of the Circum-Arctic Palynological Event (CAPE) Stratigraphy series of papers is to integrate data published on Arctic palynomorphs to delineate palynological events (palynoevents) across the Arctic for the Silurian to Cenozoic. Once the series of papers is complete, the data will also be used to compile a TimeScale Creator datapack that can be updated and calibrated on an ongoing basis. Palynoevents include taxon originations (first occurrences or FOs) and extinctions (last occurrences, or LOs) and some abundance events. The palynoevents are correlated with established chronostratigraphic horizons such as bases of ammonoid zones or stages, and hence their chronostratigraphy is independent of the absolute time scale in millions of years. In addition to the palynostratigraphic papers, the series includes a paper detailing the paleogeography of the circum-Arctic regions, including informative maps, as well as a paper providing a palynological perspective of the Cenozoic shift from greenhouse to icehouse conditions.
Protracted intra- and inter-pluton magmatism during the Acadian orogeny: evidence from new LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon ages from northwestern Maine, USA
Authors: Gibson David , Barr Sandra M. , Van Rooyen Deanne , White Chris , Pilote Jean-Luc
Published: April 2021

Devonian granitoid plutons comprise a major part of the bedrock of northwestern Maine representing the magmatic expression of the Acadian orogeny in this part of the northern Appalachian orogen. They are petrographically diverse with minerals characteristic of both I- and S-type granites, in some cases within the same intrusion, and some are compositionally zoned. New LA-ICP-MS ages presented here elucidate the timing and duration of this magmatism. The earliest phase of granitoid magmatism began around 410–405 Ma with the emplacement of the Flagstaff Lake Igneous Complex, and the presence of contemporaneous mafic rocks suggests that mantle-derived magmas were also produced at this time. Late Devonian ages, ca. 365 Ma, for many intrusions, such as the Chain of Ponds and Songo plutons, reveal that magmatism continued for 45 million years during which compositionally diverse I- and S-type magmas were produced. In addition, there is evidence that intrusive activity was prolonged within some plutons, for example the Rome-Norridgewock pluton and the Mooselookmeguntic Igneous Complex, with 10–15 myr between intrusive units. The new ages suggest a break in magmatism between 400 Ma and 390 Ma apparently separating Acadian magmatism into early and late pulses. The production of lower crustal I-type magmas appears to have been concentrated later, ca. 380–365 Ma, although several S-type granitoids were also emplaced during this period. These Late Devonian plutons display abundant zircon inheritance with ages around 385 Ma, which suggests that the crust was experiencing enhanced thermal perturbations during this extended timeframe. The new data for granitoid plutons in northwestern Maine are consistent with tectonic models for other parts of Ganderia which propose initial flat slab subduction followed by slab breakoff and delamination.
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Childhood Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in Korea: A Nationwide Multicenter Retrospective Study by Korean Pediatric Oncology Study Group
Authors: Park Kyung Mi , Yoo Keon Hee , Kim Seong Koo , Lee Jae Wook , Chung Nack-Gyun , Ju Hee Young , Koo Hong Hoe , Lyu Chuhl Joo , Han Seung Min , Han Jung Woo , Choi Jung Yoon , Hong Kyung Taek , Kang Hyoung Jin , Shin Hee Young , Im Ho Joon , Koh Kyung-Nam , Kim Hyery , Kook Hoon , Baek Hee Jo , Kim Bo Ram , Yang Eu Jeen , Lim Jae Young , Park Eun Sil , Choi Eun Jin , Park Sang Kyu , Lee Jae Min , Shim Ye Jee , Kim Ji Yoon , Park Ji Kyoung , Kong Seom Gim , Choi Young Bae , Cho Bin , Lim Young Tak
Published: April 2021

Purpose Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a rare disease in children and there are some different characteristics between children and adult. We aimed to evaluate incidence, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of pediatric APL in Korea.Materials and Methods Seventy-nine pediatric APL patients diagnosed from January 2009 to December 2016 in 16 tertiary medical centers in Korea were reviewed retrospectively.Results Of 801 acute myeloid leukemia children, 79 (9.9%) were diagnosed with APL. The median age at diagnosis was 10.6 years (range, 1.3 to 18.0). Male and female ratio was 1:0.93. Thirty patients (38.0%) had white blood cell (WBC) count greater than 10×109/L at diagnosis. All patients received induction therapy consisting of all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy. Five patients (6.6%) died during induction chemotherapy and 66 patients (86.8%) achieved complete remission (CR) after induction chemotherapy. The causes of death were three intracranial hemorrhage, one cerebral infarction, and one sepsis. Five patients (7.1%) suffered a relapse during or after maintenance chemotherapy. The estimated 4-year event-free survival and overall survival (OS) rates were 82.1%±4.4%, 89.7%±5.1%, respectively. The 4-year OS was significantly higher in patients with initial WBC < 10×109/L than in those with initial WBC ≥ 10×109/L (p=0.020).Conclusion This study showed that the CR rates and survival outcomes in Korean pediatric APL patients were relatively good. The initial WBC count was the most important prognostic factor and most causes of death were related to serious bleeding in the early stage of treatment.
Bi-orders do not arise from total orders
Authors: Corson Samuel M.
Published: April 2021

We present a Zermelo–Fraenkel ($\textbf {ZF}$) consistency result regarding bi-orderability of groups. A classical consequence of the ultrafilter lemma is that a group is bi-orderable if and only if it is locally bi-orderable. We show that there exists a model of$\textbf {ZF}$plus dependent choice in which there is a group which is locally free (ergo locally bi-orderable) and not bi-orderable, and the group can be given a total order. The model also includes a torsion-free abelian group which is not bi-orderable but can be given a total order.
Od kolonialnega učenja do izobraževanja za trajnostni razvoj
Authors: Košmerl Tadej
Published: April 2021

Po drugi svetovni vojni so nekatere medvladne organizacije spodbujale popularizacijo načina izobraževanja, ki bi presegal državne meje in nacionalistična prepričanja ter ob zavedanju mednarodne in globalne soodvisnosti obravnaval aktualne družbene izzive skozi transnacionalno perspektivo. Do danes se je v skladu s takšnimi težnjami razvilo veliko različnih izobraževalnih konceptov, zlasti po letu 2000, kar povzroča terminološke in konceptualne nejasnosti, ki jih poskuša ta prispevek zmanjšati z obravnavo petih osrednjih konceptov: globalno izobraževanje, globalno učenje, izobraževanje za globalno državljanstvo, izobraževanje za razvoj ter izobraževanje za trajnostni razvoj. Pokažemo, da imajo koncepti več podobnosti kot razlik, odvisno od konceptualizacije pa je lahko bolj v ospredju trajnostni razvoj, pomoč državam svetovnega »juga«, učenje in zmožnosti za delovanje v globalni družbi ali družbena participacija. V zadnjem desetletju se pod vsemi obravnavanimi koncepti bolj poudarjajo okoljski izzivi in trajnostni razvoj, organizacije, ki uporabljajo in razvijajo posamezne koncepte, pa jih zdaj postavljajo v okvir ciljev trajnostnega razvoja.
Minimum intervention dentistry in resource challenged practice environments
Authors: Arotiba G.T , Loto A.O , Ijarogbe O , Ajayi Y , Umesi D , Menakaya I
Published: April 2021

This paper highlighted the clinical strategies for implementing minimum intervention dentistry (MID) in dental practice and in dental education in resource challenged practice environments (developing economies). The objectives of each of the 4 phases of minimum intervention treatment plan (MI Identify, MI Prevent, MI Restore and MI Recall) were highlighted and three levels of caries risk (Low risk, High risk and Super high risk) were adopted with the appropriate targeted preventive non restorative treatments. Three evaluation rating scales were introduced (early recall evaluation rating scale, caries control evaluation rating scale and oral health outcome evaluation rating scale) for monitoring the success or failure of counselling, the targeted preventive (non-surgical) treatments and the oral health outcome. Practitioners and academics in resource challenged practice environments should embrace MID with open minds, its goal is maximum preservation of healthy oral tissues with oral health promotion and targeted preventive non- surgical treatments as its cornerstones. Furthermore, MID is mercury free and will safeguard our environment from mercury pollution for the benefit of future generations.

Keywords: Minimum intervention dentistry, mercury free dentistry, dental practice, dental education, resource challenged practice environments
Oral health characteristics and treatment of individuals with special needs a tertiary institution: A 3 year retrospective study.
Authors: Ligali T.O , Nzomiwu C.I , Ashaolu J.F , Oredugba F.A
Published: April 2021

Objectives: To assess the oral health characteristics and the treatments carried out on individuals with special needs attending the Dental Clinic of Lagos University Teaching Hospital.Methods: A three-year retrospective study of all individuals with special needs that ttended the dental clinic of a tertiary health center. All relevant data including biodata, type of special need, oral health conditions and treatments carried out were extracted from the case notes and analyzed.Results: Out of 115 records extracted, there were 15 different types of special needs. More than half of the participants were males (54.8%) and their mean age was 12.4 years (SD±7.2). The most frequently recorded study participants with special needs were those with Down syndrome (20.9%). The most common oral conditions were gingivitis (65.2%) and dental caries (37.4%). Dental caries was significantly prevalent among participants with cleft lip/palate and the visually impaired (p=0.02). Of all treatments offered, preventive therapies were most commonly performed.Conclusion:The most common oral health problems among the study population were gingivitis and dental caries. There is need for improved oral health promotion strategies and provision of services for these underserved populations.

Keywords: Oral health, treatment, special needs
Quality of Life of Children with Cerebral Palsy: Accumulative Effect of Physiotherapy Intervention in North Central and Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Saka M.J , Odunewu M.A , Saka A.O. , Akinwale S.G. , Anjorin O.U.
Published: April 2021

Quality of life (QoL) has emerged as an important concept in child health. Cerebral palsy (CP) is a life-limiting disorder that is not curable, but the QoL of children with CP can be improved after early neurodevelopmental treatment, such that the affected child can be as independent as possible in carrying out activities of daily living. The purpose of this study was to determine the accumulative effect of physiotherapy treatment on QoL in children with CP. One hundred and twenty male and female children with CP, aged 2 to 8 years, were randomly selected for the study. After their medical history had been taken and diagnosis made, treatment was instituted with the ultimate aims of acquiring advanced postural reactions, strengthening weak back and abdominal muscles, and stimulating cognitive and mental ability. The approaches included passive movement, mobilization to prevent joint stiffness and stretching of stiff joints, and early neurodevelopmental treatment through the use of therapy wedges, rolls and therapy balls to facilitate rolling, sitting and standing. Aids such as standing frames, stimulating toys and diagrams were used to enhance the children's state of mental health. Accumulated physiotherapy treatment had beneficial and statistically significant effect on the QoL (mean score of 54.98%± 13.1%) of children with CP in North Central and South West Nigeria (P < 0.05). It was also found that physiotherapy intervention improves the quality of life of children with cerebral palsy, particularly those who are engaged early enough, and that parental level of education contributes positively to improved quality of life among children with cerebral palsy.KEY WORDS: Quality of life, cerebral palsy, physiotherapy intervention
Correlates of Satisfaction with Community Reintegration Among Stroke Survivors in Kano Metropolis
Authors: Badaru U.M. , Nasir A. , Mohammed J. , Abba M.A. , Ogwumike O.O. , Adeniyi A.F.
Published: April 2021

The aim of stroke rehabilitation is to ensure successful reintegration of stroke survivors (SSV) into their communities to enable them effectively discharge their physical, economic and social roles. This study assessed factors related to satisfaction with community reintegration (CR) of SSV in Kano metropolis. It was a cross sectional survey that recruited 68 consenting SSV using the purposive sampling technique. Assessments of CR, physical function, social support and depression were done with Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNLI), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MPSS) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) respectively. Spearman Rank Order Correlation and Wilcoxon Sign Rank tests were used to analyze the data at a level of statistical significance of 0.05 using SPSS version 16.0. A total of 36(52.9%) males and 32(47.1%) females with mean age of 59.69±13.568 years took part in the study. About 50 (73.6%) are modified dependent and 46 (67.6%) enjoyed moderate social support. The majority 87% (N=59) experienced severe restrictions to CR. There were significant correlations between RNLI and each of MSPSS (rho=0.249, p=0.041) and FIM (rho =0.406, p=0.001) scores. Occupational status (Z=-6.693, p=0.000), income (Z=-3.910, p=0.000) and driving status (Z=-5.292, p=0.000) changed significantly. It was concluded that the level of CR of most SSV in Kano metropolis was not satisfactory with significant loss of employment and earnings and ability to drive post stroke. Increased levels of social support and adequate recovery of physical functions are likely to improve satisfaction with CR.KEY WORDS: stroke, satisfaction, community reintegration, social support, driving, return to work
Developmental Local Government as a Model for Grassroots Socio-Economic Development in Nigeria
Authors: Okafor C , Chukwuemeka EEO , Udenta JO
Published: April 2021

In the past five decades of political independence in Nigeria, local government administration has moved from the colonial styled Local administration characterized by peculiar systems to the federating units to the present unified and standardized system that constitutionally recognizes local government as the third tier of government. As the third tier of government, local governments are entitled to a statutory allocation of national revenue and the carrying out of specific functions in response to local needs. The objective of the problem statement of this article is to show that the present system whereby, the Constitution gives the State governments the power to handle issues of organization and responsibility in the local governments places a strong limitation on local autonomy and governance at the local level. The abuse of these provisions in the Constitution by the State governments coupled with other issues such as low level of commitment to the people and lack of monitoring and evaluation are negatively affecting grassroots socio-economic development in the Country. Local economic growth and development is an imperative for overall socio-economic development of the Country (the local population presently faces high incidence of poverty, unemployment, lack of social infrastructure and low economic activities). It is in this context that the article prescribes a developmental local government model which has local economic development (LED) as ‘the mandate’ to address the concerns of poverty, unemployment and inadequate resources in the rural areas. The LED approach enables local governments to stimulate economic activities and improve the socioeconomic conditions of people in the localities by working in partnership with private and other non-governmental sectors.
Multimedia technology: a vital instrument for music composition
Authors: Okpara Mabel Ugochi
Published: April 2021

Music composition over the years has continued to be a much dreaded course of study by so many Nigerian students of Music in tertiary institutions. Through the interview conducted in this study, it was discovered that the students’ fear of the course stems from its abstractness or rather as a result of the erroneous belief that it is a very complex area of specialization to venture into, in music pedagogy. This study is aimed at disabusing the minds of the students of music from this xenophobic wrong impression and by creating an enabling mind-set and interest in music composition through this expository study on the multimedia technology as a vital instrument in music composition. A simple observation and comparison of the old manual system of music composition/notation with the new computer-assisted multimedia system reveals that the computer-assisted multimedia method is much better in terms of facility as well as performing numerous tasks than the old system and it is therefore recommended for compositional and notational purposes. Participation, interview, observation and literature review were the research methods employed for this study.Keywords: Multimedia, Technology, Music, Composition
Experiências Formativas na Licenciatura em Matemática
Authors: Matesco Cristovão Eliane , Silva Jhone Caldeira , Moreira Marli Duffles Donato
Published: April 2021

Este artigo reúne experiências e reflexões dos três professores formadores da mesa redonda “Experiências Formativas no Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática” do evento XII WORKSHOP DE VERÃO EM MATEMÁTICA da Universidade de Brasília, realizado em 12 de fevereiro de 2020. Apresenta e discute práticas formativas inovadoras, desenvolvidas em universidades públicas do país, particularmente, nas Universidades Federais de Itajubá, de Goiás e de Viçosa. A primeira experiência está relacionada ao ensino de Matemática no contexto de projetos interdisciplinares, desenvolvida em articulação com a escola, por meio de um projeto de extensão e do Programa Residência Pedagógica (PRP). A segunda, refere-se a ações formativas proporcionadas a licenciandos junto ao Subprojeto PIBID Matemática Goiânia/UFG. A terceira experiência trata do uso do cinema no contexto de formação inicial de professores, fundamentada no aporte teórico de enculturação matemática. Essas experiências têm em comum a abordagem interdisciplinar no desenvolvimento profissional do futuro professor de Matemática.
Ensino de Logaritmos: um Diagnóstico da Apropriação do Conceito Discutido à Luz da Teoria Histórico-Cultural
Authors: Gonçalves Pereira Djalma , Ribeiro Resende Marilene
Published: April 2021

No contexto de mudanças no Ensino Médio, devido à aprovação da Lei nº 13.415/2017, que propõe a Reforma do Ensino Médio e a aprovação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular - BNCC/2018, que têm como princípios, o desenvolvimento de competências, investigações sobre a organização do ensino da matemática, que se apoiem em outros pressupostos, fazem-se necessárias. Neste artigo, apresenta-se um recorte de pesquisa, cujo objetivo foi analisar as contribuições do sistema zankoviano para organização do ensino dos logaritmos, visando à apropriação desse conceito. A partir de estudos bibliográficos, são tratados os princípios do sistema didático de L. V. Zankov, alguns elementos do movimento lógico-histórico do conceito de logaritmos e, com base em pesquisa de campo, discute-se o diagnóstico da apreensão do conceito de logaritmo, realizado com seis alunos do 2º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola da rede privada de ensino de Uberaba-MG. Foi possível constatar, neste diagnóstico, evidências de um conhecimento empírico do conceito, baseado em elementos externos, que indicam a necessidade de outras aproximações para novas sínteses, visando à construção do conhecimento teórico.