bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nódulo pulmonar en pediatría: más allá de la infección
Authors: Peña-Cruz Juan , Correa-Jimenez Oscar , Aponte-Barrios Nelson , Molina-Ramirez Ivan , Olaya-Morales Natalia , Restrepo-Gualteros Sonia , Villamil-Osorio Milena
Published: April 2021

El estudio del nódulo pulmonar en pediatría es un desafío diagnóstico, se debe tener en cuenta diferentes patologías, especialmente infecciones. En países en desarrollo, donde la infección por tuberculosis es endémica, es uno de los diagnósticos más probables; sin embargo, las neoplasias como posibilidad diagnóstica no deben desestimarse.Objetivo: Describir el caso clínico de una paciente con un nódulo pulmonar en quien después de descartar las causas más frecuentes se diagnosticó una malignidad pulmonar primaria.Caso Clínico: Adolescente de 17 años, consultó por cuadro de un mes de evolución de tos, disnea y hemoptisis sin otros síntomas asociados, sin respuesta a terapias antibióticas habituales, por lo que se realizó una tomografía de tórax contrastada donde se evidenció un nódulo pulmonar en lóbulo inferior derecho de características irregulares, se descartó un proceso infeccioso por estudios de lavado bronco-alveolar (para tuberculosis, hongos y otras bacterias) y se completó estudio con biopsia, que fue compatible con carcinoma mucoepidermoide. Fue operada con lobectomía de lóbulo inferior derecho con vaciamiento ganglionar con respuesta clínica adecuada a tres años de seguimiento.Conclusión: El nódulo pulmonar en pediatría es un hallazgo que se asocia especialmente a infección, sin embargo, se debe tener en cuenta condiciones neoplásicas, no solo metástasis sino también lesiones malignas primarias del pulmón por las implicaciones en el pronóstico.
Hiponatremia en niños con cirrosis hepática: estrategias de tratamiento
Authors: Imbett-Yepez Sharon , Peña-Vélez Ruben , Zárate-Mondragón Flora , Ramírez-Mayans Jaime
Published: April 2021

La hiponatremia es un trastorno hidroelectrolítico frecuente en los pacientes pediátricos con cirrosis hepática avanzada. Esta complicación se asocia con la alteración de la capacidad del riñón para eliminar agua libre en relación con solutos como el sodio, lo cual lleva a la retención hídrica desproporcionada, condición conocida como hiponatremia dilucional. Los principales factores patogénicos son la secreción no osmótica de hormona antidiurética, activación de eje renina-angiotensina-aldosterona y sistema autónomo simpático. Dado que la hiponatremia en cirrosis se asocia a un incremento en la morbilidad y mortalidad, el objetivo de esta revisión es proponer un abordaje sistemático, basado en el nivel de sodio sérico, valoración del estado hemodinámico y diuresis, que permita modificaciones precisas que minimicen impactos negativos en supervivencia y secuelas neurológicas.
Cuidados del desarrollo en recién nacidos prematuros: fundamentos y características principales
Authors: Barra C. Lisseth , Marín P. Alejandra , Coo Soledad
Published: April 2021

Los recién nacidos prematuros (RNP), en especial los extremos, requieren ser atendidos en las distintas unidades existentes en los servicios de neonatología. Además de procurar la sobrevida de estos niños, poco a poco estos servicios han ido incorporando intervenciones para promover su desarrollo. Esta revisión aporta una síntesis actualizada de los cuidados neonatales centrados en el desarrollo (CCD). En su primera parte describe los fundamentos teóricos de tipo neurobiológicos que explican cómo el denominado “estrés neonatal” puede afectar el curso de desarrollo de un niño nacido prematuro. Posteriormente, se revisa la Teoría Sinactiva, que es uno de los modelos teóricos que contribuye a entender las características de los CCD. Respecto de estos últimos, se describen y abordan sus evidencias y desafíos para la implementación desde una mirada crítica, destacando sus fortalezas y debilidades. Este artículo contribuye a destacar la importancia de seguir avanzando en la mejora de la calidad de la atención que reciben los RNP para promover la resiliencia y/o el mejor potencial de desarrollo posible en estos niños, además de relevar el rol de los padres en el cuidado neonatal.
Endotel Hücreleri Arasında Nanotüp Tünellemenin ve Organel İletiminin Görüntülenmesi
Authors: ÖZERMAN EDİS Bilge
Published: April 2021

Nanotüp tünelleme hücreler arası iletişimde rol almaktadır. Ökaryotik hücrelerin yenilenmek, hayatta kalmak ya da strese direnmek üzere nanotüp tüneller oluşturduğu düşünülmektedir. Homotipik ya da heterotipik hücreler arasında köprüler oluşturan nanotüp tünellerin kalsiyum iyon akışı gibi sinyal moleküllerini ilettiği, organel, patojen ya da onkojenik molekülleri aktardığı gösterilmiştir. Nanotüp tünellerin temel yapısı mikrofilamentlerdir. Stres oluşturan çevresel etkenler altında aktin iskeletinin nanotüp tünellerin oluşmasını tetiklediği ve birbirinden uzak iki hücre arasında köprü oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Uzun-süreli hücre kültürü ortamı endotel hücrelerinde strese neden olmakta ve hücresel yaşlanma oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada standart hücre kültürü ortamında tekrarlayan pasajlar (P) ile çoğaltılan insan göbek kordonu damar endotel hücreleri (HUVEC) arasında nanotüp tünellemenin görüntülenmesi amaçlandı. Floresan mikroskop incelemesi için aktin iskeleti ve endozomlar sırası ile falloidin ve anti-EEA1 antikoru ile işaretlendi. Kontrol grubu (P3-4) ve deney grubu (P8-10) HUVEC’ler ile hazırlanan preparatlarda nanotüp tünel uzunlukları ölçüldü. P8-10 için ortalama uzunluk 30 μm olarak belirlendi. Endozomların nanotüp tünel yapısındaki aktin iskeleti ile birlikte konumlandığı gösterildi. Bu bulgular, hücre içinde kargo taşıyan endozomların, nanotüp tünelleme ile HUVEC’ler arasında da madde aktarımı yapabileceğini göstermektedir. Sonuçta tekrarlayan pasajlar ile çoğaltılan HUVEC’ler arasındaki nanotüp tünellerin mikrofilamentlerin dinamiğine bağlı olarak işlevsel olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hücreler arasında yeni bir iletişim yolu olarak kabul gören nanotüp tünelleme, stres cevabının irdelendiği çalışmalarda morfolojik bir parametre olarak değerlendirilebilir.
Lo shock sismico al servizio della speculazione: dinamiche immobiliari e rendita urbana nella città dell'Aquila
Authors: Zullo Francesco , Rusci Simone
Published: April 2021

La teoria dello shock insegna come alcune scelte, seppur controverse in condizioni normali, possono sembrare una necessità per affrontare situazioni di emergenza come nel caso del terremoto del 6 aprile 2009 che ha colpito la città dell'Aquila. La necessità di edilizia "provvisoria" ha generato un forte stress urbanistico favorito dalle discutibili politiche terri-toriali adottate. Il lavoro presentato analizza gli effetti di queste scelte sul mercato immobiliare e sulla rendita urbana.
La città turistica e la ristrutturazione digitale della rendita urbana
Authors: Esposito Alessandra
Published: April 2021

Questo contributo intende sostenere, a partire da analisi qualitative e quantitative, la seguente tesi: la locazione breve turistica è oggi uno dei principali strumenti della rendita e i supporti digitali che la favoriscono ne determinano alcune forme e modalità peculiari, in particolar modo nei contesti urbani. L'industria turistica e il capitalismo di piattaforma verranno quindi riletti a partire dal ruolo che svolgono nell'ambito dell'economia della rendita.
I popoli non odiano
Authors: Limiti Stefania
Published: April 2021

L'Autore ci illustra il punto di vista giornalistico sul senso profondo del comportamento umano all'interno di situazioni di guerra e violenza. La politica ed i governi degli Stati condizionano i popoli spingendo all'odio e all'azione violenta.
Il trauma culturale: il can che dorme si è svegliato. La psicoanalisi gli presterà attenzione?
Authors: E. Holmes Dorothy
Published: April 2021

La psicoanalisi ha prestato scarsa attenzione al trauma culturale. Vengono identificati tre fattori che contribuiscono a questa lacuna: a) la persistente identificazione con il silenzio sul trauma culturale da parte dei nostri progenitori psicoanalisti; b) le pratiche autoritarie delle istituzioni psicoa-nalitiche che ci inducono a restare eccessivamente concentrati sulle formulazioni intrapsichiche classiche, fino a escludere quasi del tutto il trauma culturale; c) la difficoltà di lavorare con il trauma culturale. Fare questo lavoro significa "andare controcorrente", e nello svolgerlo ci esponiamo a pericoli in un mondo che ancora pullula di traumi culturali. Gli psicoanalisti dovrebbero essere incoraggiati ad avventurarsi su questo terreno.
Stranger Things. Dare un senso a una quotidianità perturbante
Authors: Boni Federico
Published: April 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought about unprecedented changes, unsettling multiple facets of our existence. Among the many aspects that can be studied through the instruments of the sociology of communication, the suspension of normality is the one that perhaps most interests the sociology of everyday life, at least in its aspects related to the production of meanings that is achieved through the everyday interaction. This aspect is what this brief reflection aims to investigate - the practices in which we all commit ourselves to bring the current situation back to an understandable normality, to a reassuring status of ordinary banality; in short, to turn an extraordinary reality into an ordinary one.
Capital as a social process: A Marxian perspective
Authors: D. Ramirez Miguel
Published: April 2021

This paper analyzes the very important notion of capital from a Marxian perspective as opposed to a neoclassical one. It is argued that when capital is viewed as a historically determined social process (relation), rather than as a thing or a col-lection of things, it tends to assume certain specific forms more often than others depending on the particular stage of economic history. Capital thus refers simulta-neously to social relations and to things. Given this frame of reference, notions such as money and property capital are more easily accommodated and conse-quently are not written off as financial or fictitious capital - not real capital because they produce nothing. The paper also focuses on Marx's important analy-sis of the time of production and the turnover of capital in terms of the production of surplus-value (profit). It then examines Marx's equally important and prescient analysis of how the turnover speed of capital is affected by the time of circulation of commodities (the realization of surplus-value) and the growing use of credit (in its various forms) in the capitalist system. Finally, the paper turns its attention to the economic role of time as it relates to interest - bearing capital - one whose clear comprehension rests on viewing capital as a social construct.
ОСНОВНІ НАПРЯМИ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ТА ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО БАНКІВСЬКОГО ОБСЛУГОВУВАННЯ
Authors: Вядрова І.М. , Єрмолаєва В.С.
Published: April 2021

У статті досліджено проблеми з надання послуг клієнтам, які банк виконує у режимі віддаленого доступу. Розглянуто переваги, можливі напрями оптимізації та вдосконалення дистанційного банкінгу на сучасному етапі. Сьогодні спектр банківських послуг та сервісів постійно розширюється. Це відбувається через те, що банки постійно намагаються поліпшити якість обслуговування клієнтів. Важливими складниками стратегії розвитку фінансових установ України є розроблення та впровадження якісних високотехнологічних дистанційних послуг із метою динамічного розвитку ринку банківських продуктів і побудови якісних економічних відносин, що виникають між банківськими установами та їхніми клієнтами в процесі впровадження дистанційного банкінгу. Сьогодні банківська галузь повинна розвиватися синхронно разом із розвитком інформаційних та цифрових технологій, Інтернет-послуг та суспільства у цілому, що зумовлює актуальність вибраної теми та доцільність проведення досліджень для розвитку цього питання.
АСПЕКТИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ МЕТОДІВ НАВЧАННЯ ПІД ЧАС ВИКЛАДАННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН
Authors: Варнавська І.В.
Published: April 2021

У статті проаналізовано інноваційні методи, що дають змогу викладачеві вибирати оптимальну стратегію процесу навчання, використовувати сучасні освітні технології з метою мотивації та творчого розвитку здобувачів, їх підготовки до практичної діяльності. Зазначено аспекти успішного засвоєння здобувачами основ бухгалтерського обліку, результативне використання презентацій на етапі узагальнення інформації за окремими темами: під час вивчення елементів методу бухгалтерського обліку, об'єктів обліку, форм бухгалтерської фінансової звітності. Наголошено, що програма дисципліни «Бухгалтерський облік» повинна визначати поступальний розвиток і систематичність навчального матеріалу, а навчальний матеріал повинен бути доступним і повинен активізувати пізнавальний інтерес, ознайомлювати з практичними прийомами в досліджуваному напрямі.
СТИМУЛЮВАННЯ ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В УМОВАХ КОРОНАВІРУСНОЇ КРИЗИ
Authors: Губанова О.Р. , Шуптар-Пориваєва Н.Й. , Андрущенко О.С.
Published: April 2021

Статтю присвячено дослідженню особливостей відновлення ринку туристичних послуг в умовах коронавірусної пандемії, яка кардинально вплинула на одну з найбільш динамічних і високоприбуткових галузей світової економіки. Під час розгляду інструментального забезпечення підтримки туристичної галузі на найближчу перспективу визначено, що переважну більшість пропонованих заходів спрямовано на розвиток внутрішнього і регіонального туризму. Проведено аналіз застосовуваних сьогодні важелів стимулювання туристичної діяльності, які поділяються на три категорії інструментів. Це заходи адміністративного реагування на фінансовий стан постачальників та споживачів туристичних послуг, забезпечення корпоративної відповідальності за збереження туристичного бізнесу, формування індивідуальної зацікавленості туристів у туристичних продуктах, особливістю споживчої цінності яких є сукупність особистих вражень, матеріальної вигоди та безпеки.
ЗНАЧЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ РЕГІОНІВ У СИСТЕМІ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Нестеренко С.С.
Published: April 2021

Стаття розглядає проблематику наявності системи економічної безпеки регіонів в контексті проведеної політики державного регулювання. Виявлено структуру загроз економічній безпеці регіонів у масштабах національної економіки. Обґрунтовано тезу про те, що принциповими для економічної безпеки регіону є граничні значення показників, перевищення або недосягнення яких призводить до початку руйнівних процесів у ньому, тобто необхідний постійний і всебічний моніторинг із використанням індикаторів економічної безпеки за такими напрямами, як: макроекономічні показники стану економіки, демографія, рівень і якість життя, динаміка зайнятості та виробництва, стан фінансово-бюджетної і грошово-кредитної систем, розвиток ринкової інфраструктури, соціальна активність населення, дієвість системи державної влади, механізмів правового та адміністративного регулювання.
СТРУКТУРА ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНИХ ЛАНЦЮГІВ ПОСТАЧАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Пудичева Г.О.
Published: April 2021

У статті визначено особливості формування ланцюгів постачання в енергетичному господарстві мезо- та макрорівнів. Запропоновано авторське визначення енергетичного ланцюга постачання, сформоване на базі узагальнення існуючих підходів до визначення ланцюгів поставок. Указано на можливість формування в енергетиці простих ланцюгів постачання, серед учасників яких немає посередників. Побудовано моделі структури ланцюгів постачання природного газу й електричної енергії в Україні, враховуючи особливості чинного законодавства, що регулює ринки природного газу й електричної енергії, а також моделі структури ланцюгів теплопостачання при системах автономного, децентралізованого, помірно-централізованого і централізованого теплопостачання в Україні. Охарактеризовано учасників енергетичних ланцюгів постачання. Указано, що всі енергетичні ланцюги постачання формують паливно-енергетичний комплекс.
Results of osteopathic correction of myopia and accommodation spasm in children: systematic review using meta-analysis
Authors: Vedyashkina A. S. , Milutka Yu. A. , Lomakina Ya. N. , Potekhina Yu. P.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The incidence of myopia tends to grow steadily, and therefore, it can be characterized as a disease of the 21st century. Even with complex ophthalmological treatment, refractive indices do not improve, and only in 18 % of cases these indices are stabilized. The effect of osteopathic correction (OC) on visual acuity is insufﬁciently studied. A comprehensive review of the evidence on this issue may help estimate the use of OC in existing health care programs for myopia and accommodative spasm in children.The goal of research — to study, according to the literature, the effect of osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in children of different ages on the state of refraction in myopia, spasm of accommodation. Materials and methods. The selection of scientiﬁc papers according to the following criteria. Inclusion criteria: children aged 5 to 18 years with a history of diagnosis: myopia of varying degrees, spasm of accommodation; the dividing patients into 2 groups: in the experimental group — osteopathic and ophthalmological treatment, in the control group — standard ophthalmological treatment; the results of an ophthalmological examination are described; the duration of observations is from 3 to 6 months. Exclusion criteria: description of a single clinical case; the diseases are not associated with disorders of the visual apparatus; the study sample is less than 30 patients. The Jamovi statistical analysis software was used to perform the meta-analysis. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the risk of bias in cohort studies.Results. There were selected 3 scientiﬁc works studying the inﬂuence of osteopathic correction on the state of refraction in myopia, spasm of accommodation in children. On the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, all three studies had a total score of 8, indicating a low risk of bias. The odds ratio was 20.884, which is a high indicator revealing the effectiveness of the OC together with ophthalmological treatment of myopia, accommodation spasm in children of different ages. Thus, we can say that when similar studies will be repeated, the achievement of a positive effect when using OC as part of a complex treatment in 95 % of cases will be higher than the use of only ophthalmological treatment of children with myopia, accommodation spasm.Conclusion. Based on the studied literature and the conducted meta-analysis, we can make a preliminary conclusion that the inclusion of osteopathic correction in the complex treatment can give an additional advantage over standard treatment in children with refractive disorders.
Effects of the release technique by pressing on the latent myofascial trigger point of the upper trapezius muscle: random controlled clinical trial
Authors: Ferreira Faria Miguel Angelo , Bautista Aguirre Francisco
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Latent myofascial trigger points (LMTPs) are responsible for intense and spontaneous pain. Non-traumatic mechanical neck pain is characterized by the presence of pressure hyperalgesia in the cervical spine, which equally affects the cervical muscles, such as upper trapezius, since these muscles receive their innervation from the CII–IV levels.The goal of research — to ﬁnd out how the release technique by pressing on the LMTP of the upper trapezius immediately affects the pressure pain threshold (PPT) of this muscle, of the elevator muscle of scapula, the greater occipital nerve (GON), the supra-orbital nerve (V1) and articular processes of CIII–IV bilaterally, as well as on the range of active neck movements (RANM).Materials and methods. Sixty subjects diagnosed with LMTP in the antero-superior ﬁbers of the upper trapezius muscle were included in the study. PPT values were measured bilaterally in the upper trapezius, elevator muscle of scapula, GON, V1, and CIII–IV articular processes using a digital algometer. RANM in ﬂexion, extension, homolateral lateral ﬂexion, contralateral lateral ﬂexion, homolateral rotation, and contralateral rotation were measured with a bubble inclinometer. The intervention group received the MTP release technique, and the control group received a placebo technique with ultrasound without intensity.Results. The results obtained show that the release technique by pressing on the LMTP of the upper trapezius is effective in increasing the PPT in this muscle immediately after its application (p<0,01). It was also veriﬁed that the increase in the PPT in the upper trapezius, after the release of the LMTP, was accompanied by a simultaneous increase in the PPT in the contralateral upper trapezius, as well as in the elevator muscle of scapula bilaterally, GON bilaterally, CIII–IV articular processes bilaterally and V1 homolaterally. In both groups there was a signiﬁcant increase in RANM (p<0,01). However, in the intervention group this increase was signiﬁcantly higher, which may be quite relevant from a clinical point of view.Conclusions. The release technique by pressing on the LMTP of the upper trapezius muscle is a useful technique in osteopathy, since it contributes to the increase in PPT and RANM immediately after its application.
Substantiation of the possibility of osteopathic correction inclusion in the measures complex for the preoperative preparation of patients planned for extended abdominal surgery
Authors: Volkov P. A. , Litvinov N. I. , Bolotov D. A.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The problem of predicting and preventing of the complications development in the intra- and postoperative period is acutely relevant. There is strong evidence for a correlation between the patient’s preoperative status and the incidence of perioperative complications. At the same time, the search for additional methods for assessing and correcting the preoperative status remains an important task of modern medical science. In the context of this task, more and more attention is being paid to the approaches to diagnosis and treatment developed by osteopathy. Information about such studies for patients planned for abdominal surgery is practically absent in open sources today.The goal of research — is to substantiate the possibility of osteopathic correction inclusion in the measures complex for the preoperative preparation of patients planned for extended abdominal surgery.Materials and methods. The study involved 30 patients planned for extended abdominal surgery. The main and control groups were formed by the method of simple randomization, 15 people were included in each group. The participants of the control group received a standard set of measures for preoperative preparation, and the participants of the main group additionally underwent a course of osteopathic correction. The functioning indicators of the respiratory system [including the rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) and the maximum value of the negative inspiratory force (NIF)] and the autonomic nervous system (Kerdo index), the pain syndrome severity (assessed by a visual analogue scale), and the actual time of transfer opportunity of patients from intensive care to a proﬁle department (assessed by a modiﬁed Aldrete–Kroulik scale).Results. It was found that after the premedication with the previous osteopathic correction course, the number of patients in a state of eutonia has signiﬁcantly increased, and the number of patients with increased sympathetic tone has decreased. The patients who received osteopathic correction had a statistically signiﬁcantly lower RSBI index and higher NIF values than those who did not receive the correction (p<0,05). The actual time of the patients transfer to a proﬁle department was also statistically signiﬁcantly shorter in patients who received osteopathic correction (p<0,05).Conclusion. The obtained results make it possible to recommend the inclusion of osteopathic correction in the complex of measures for the preoperative preparation of patients planned for extended abdominal operations.
The effectiveness of the osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of adult patients with gastroesophageal reﬂux disease
Authors: Naletova T. P. , Udintsev E. P. , Oreshko A. Yu. , Chusovitina O. A.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Gastroesophageal reﬂux disease (GERD) is now widespread throughout the world, with clear evidence of incidence increase in many countries. The importance of GERD is caused by the fact that it leads to a signiﬁcant decrease in the patient′s life quality, the appearance of extraesophageal symptoms (chest pain, persistent cough) and the risk of such complications as bleeding from ulcers and erosions, the development of peptic strictures, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. After stopping the medicine treatment, the relapse quickly occurs and it is the main risk factor for the development of Barrett′s esophagus — a precancerous pathology of the esophagus. Therefore, the search for additional, non-drug methods of treatment for increasing the standard therapy effectiveness is in demand. Osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunction can be one of these methods. To date, there is some evidence of the osteopathic correction effectiveness in children with GERD.The goal of research — to study the effectiveness of osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of adult patients with GERD.Materials and methods. The study involved 20 people, divided by simple randomization into two equal groups: control and main. The control group received standard treatment, the main group received additional osteopathic correction. At the beginning and at the end of the study, there were assessed the osteopathic status of patients and the severity of the disease using the GerdQ questionnaire. The obtained data were processed by methods of nonparametric statistics.Results. The inclusion of osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of patients with GERD is accompanied by a statistically signiﬁcant decrease in the number of local and regional somatic dysfunctions (SD), a signiﬁcant redistribution of the dominant SD structure, and a decrease in the severity of previously dominant SD in the neck and thoracic region. Compared with patients who did not receive osteopathic correction, there is a statistically signiﬁcantly more pronounced decrease in the severity of GERD clinical symptoms.Conclusion. Despite the relatively small number of patients who participated in the study, the obtained results make it possible to recommend the inclusion of osteopathic correction in the complex therapy of patients with GERD.
Formation and development of osteopathy as a scientiﬁc discipline
Authors: Novikov Yu. O. , Mokhov D. E. , Tregubova E. S.
Published: April 2021

The formation and development of osteopathy as a scientiﬁc discipline is considered. Despite its one and a half century history, osteopathy is a relatively young medical specialty. At the same time, throughout the history of the existence of osteopathy, its supporters carried out an active search for scientiﬁc evidence of its effectiveness. Currently, osteopathy is going through the stage of scientiﬁcation, its formation as a scientiﬁc discipline. However, even now even the term osteopathy itself is often interpreted quite loosely and, in some cases, tendentiously. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to trace the development of osteopathy — from the earliest works of its founders to the latest stage of development, when osteopathy has become more and more consistent with the basic requirements of evidence-based medicine. To achieve this goal, much attention is paid to all stages of the formation and development of osteopathy, both abroad and in Russia. There are considered such problems as the formation of the basic terminology, the development and change of the basic concepts of osteopathy, including the concept of osteopathic lesion and the concept of somatic dysfunctions, the development of modern methods of evidence-based medicine, the dynamics of publication activity of osteopathic researchers. It concludes that new ways of obtaining the data about the health effects of osteopathy will continue to emerge, and the level of evidence and the number of quality clinical trials are likely to change.
Does the European Single Market Exist in the Era of a Coronavirus Pandemic? The Case of Intra and Extra-EU Trade in COVID-19-related Products
Authors:   SGH – Warsaw School of Economics, Ambroziak Adam A.
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has been an extraordinary event for the EU Member States and a period wherein EU legislation and the efficiency of EU institutions have been put to the test. The crisis triggered by the decisions made by governments in Europe (which were motivated by their wishes to protect the health and lives of their peoples and to satisfy the rapid demand for drugs, personal protective equipment, and medical devices) disrupted market forces. Although most of these measures were based on both domestic and EU legislation, they seriously hindered the smooth functioning of the EU Single Market, including the free movement of goods. This paper aims to find out whether EU legislation succeeded in coping with the challenges triggered by COVID-19 in the field of international trade and whether measures taken by the European Commission with a view to complying with the rules of the EU Single Market adequately took care of the needs stemming from the COVID-19 outbreak and whether it properly tackled protectionist instruments adopted by the Member States. We have focused on international trade and the free movement of goods within the EU as they both constitute the cornerstone of EU economic integration. We found that although EU legislation was not tailored specifically for the times of a COVID-19 pandemic, in the area of international trade (including intra-EU trade), as well as in the field of placing goods on the market, it provided extraordinary solutions. Apparently, the explanations and guidelines provided by the Commission have limited the scope of individual protectionist and interventionist actions of the Member States.
The Kenyian Interfaith Council Guidelines on the Reopening of Congregation Worships Centers During Covid-19:A Juristic Analysis
Authors: Mahsen Manswab
Published: April 2021

The cabinet secretary for health appointed the interfaith council to oversee the Re-opening of the places of worships. On 7th July 2020 the interfaith council released guideline which drew mixed reactions amongst the Muslim clerics and mosques committees; some decided to comply with the guidelines and re-opened their mosques; while others abstained completely from opening the Mosques. The aim of this study is to explore and discuss the restrictions, which raised tension among the Muslim clerics. The research methodology applied is inductive method for collecting data material related to the study, and descriptive and analytical methods to analyze the Kenya interfaith guideline and compare with Islamic jurisprudence in the matters related to performing devotional acts. Lastly, the study is expected to respond to all questions related to "social distancing of 1.5m between worshippers", "minimizing of worshippers attending congregational prayers", "Reduce physical Adhan", "purifying from home", "matter related to children to follow congregation online ", and use of hand sanitizers".
Market thoughts: Potential implications of COVID-19 on takaful scheme for mental health disorders
Authors: Khairi Khairil Faizal , Laili Nur Hidayah , Kamarubahrin Aimi Fadzirul
Published: April 2021

Malaysia's takaful market is showing steady growth and is overtaking conventional insurance in a very obvious way despite the pernicious COVID-19 pandemic hitting global Islamic finance sectors. As comparison, family and general takaful premiums rose by 29.6 percent and 16.4 percent respectively in the first half of 2019, as compared with 12.2 percent in conventional life and -1.3 percent in general insurance. The COVID-19 pandemic's rapid emergence poses unparalleled challenges the world is dealing with. In addition to the risks to human health and lives, this pandemic has a drastic effect on companies and economies worldwide and is also affecting people's mental health due to depression issues. Hence, this commentary aims to discuss the market thoughts on the potential implications of COVID-19 on takaful scheme for mental disorders. Mental health issues in Malaysia continue to be a major concern, generating debates about causes, responses and, more recently, insurance or takaful plans. Mental illness is costly to treat, especially for the disfavoured group. As a result, people with an ultimate goal will try to have a good plan protection to cover their uncertain health conditions. Thus, to overcome this scenario takaful provider should introduce a takaful scheme for mental health disorders in the country where the growth of market potential is there.
Users’ Perception on Knowledge Transfer via Mobile Money Services
Authors: Azizan Nurdiana , Abu Bakar Noraizah , Abdul Rahman Asma
Published: April 2021

Mobile money is an electronic wallet service that allows users to store, send, and receive money. Safe and easy electronic payments make mobile money a popular alternative to bank accounts. Despite the convenient services offered to users, the adoption of mobile money is still low. Due to that, the objective of this study is to assess the perceptions of users on mobile money services as a convenient payment alternative. This study adapted the intra-organizational knowledge transfer (KT) model to understand how users perceive mobile money services. This model has been chosen because it is well accepted and recognized among the researchers. Szulanski's intra-organizational KT model consists of four stages, namely initiation, implementation, ramp-up, and integration. This study adopted interpretive structural modeling (ISM) as the methodology. ISM is a well-established methodology for identifying relationships among specific items, which define a problem or an issue. This approach has been increasingly used by various researchers to represent the interrelationships among various elements related to the issue. The data were collected using the survey. The surveys were randomly distributed via e-mail to users in Malaysia. 481 responses answered the survey. On average 69% of the respondents know about mobile money and 31% of the respondents do not know about it. Having said that, 77% of the respondents have heard of mobile money services whereby only 23% have not heard about it. These results show that around 8% of the respondents heard of mobile money services but they do not find out what it means.
Application of OASys approaches for Prophetic Food Ontology
Authors: Mohd Tawil Siti Fatimah , Ismail Rosita , Abdul Wahid Fauziah , Md Norwawi Norita , Mazlan Ahmad Akmaluddin
Published: April 2021

Ontology is an established knowledge representation enriched with a semantic interpretation that offered a mechanism for sharing mutual ideas and understanding among the members of a related domain. Semantic interpretation provided by the ontology has a structure that could facilitate the presentation of information for the users. This paper presents the ontology construction of prophetic food specifically for Dates and Goats Milk by using the OASys approaches. The ontology content focusing on the dates attributes, the developing stages of dates, defect and diseases of dates, health benefits, its compositions, and the chain of operation. Besides, the ontology content for goat’s milk includes its nutrition, its cure for a medical problem, and the production. The construction of this ontology can be used to answer user queries, data integration to other applications as well as expand the ontology to a context mining semantic information retrieval search engine known as Naqli Aqli Integrated Search Engine (NAISE). This system is a query system based on integrated Naqli and Aqli knowledge heterogeneous sources on prophetic food.
Mechanism of Autism Spectrum Disorder and The Involvement of microRNA
Authors: Mansur Fadlul A.F. , Raman Nur Fatin Aqilah , Rahman Hayati Abdul , Mohd Manzor Nur Fariha
Published: April 2021

Autism Spectrum Disorder or ASD refers to a broad range of neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by persistent deficits in social abilities, repetitive behavioural pattern and restricted interest propensity that usually developed throughout childhood. It is referred as spectrum disorder due to its wide variation of subsets that includes several conditions. Autism is referred as spectrum of disorders with wide range of subtypes due to its aetiologically diverse nature. Even each person with ASD within the same subsets may experience a distinct set of strengths and challenges in terms of learning, thoughts and problem-solving ranging from highly skilled to being severely affected. The genesis of it is incompletely comprehensible despite numerous studies have been done to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms beneath this whole range of impaired neurodevelopmental condition. In this review, literature search was performed with primary focus was given to known mechanism of ASD and specific involvement of microRNA. Given the complexity of ASD with diversity of clinical manifestations, it can be considered as multifactorial aetiopathogenesis disorder that is associated with diverse genetic factors that may also be predisposed by environmental exposures and prenatal factors. Environmental risk factor that may modulate the genetic factors predisposing towards ASD includes advanced parental age, prenatal and perinatal factors, medications and toxic materials exposure. This is supported by epigenetic theory which in other words, the environmental risk factors may increase the tendency for the abnormal genes to be expressed at much earlier stage without changing the primary DNA sequence. Meanwhile, spontaneous de novo mutation and neurobiological factors have been proposed to be the factors contributing to ASD. Currently, there are a lot of studies pivoting on identifying the microRNA involved in dysregulation of gene expression in autistic individuals by microRNA expression profiling. These approaches were able to elucidate the specific microRNAs that involves in regulating gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Subsequent pathway analysis had enabled the understanding of potential mechanisms that lead to ASD. As ASD is a heterogenous disorder in nature, the quest to reveal its definite mechanism is challenging. Genetic, neurobiological and environmental factors were regarded as its main causes. A growing number of reports have supported the involvement of microRNA in the mechanism of ASD. Detection of microRNA in extracellular fluids such as serum, saliva and plasma are the key to identify pathways and processes involved in ASD pathophysiology. Further preclinical validation of these microRNAs target transcripts may be beneficial to support its clinical application. Validated microRNAs may potentially use as non-invasive biomarker in early detection and later on opening up opportunities for future potential therapies for ASD.
One printed heart, please – 3D Bioprinting in Medicine: Applications and Ethical Issues
Authors: Sufyan Syahidatul Saadah , Roslan Nuruliza
Published: April 2021

Background: Organ bioprinting is only two decades old but has made tremendous progress in advancements of synthetic implants, reconstructive surgeries, prosthetic developments, and medical education. These are made possible due to the increasing affordability of bioprinters and their capability for tailor-made applications. However, the ethical considerations of bioprinting research and applications are still in its infancy. This article summarises the current literature on 3D bioprinting applications in medicine and its ethical concerns. Methods: EBSCOhost service search using related terms was applied on four databases (PubMed, EBSCOhost eBooks, Medline, and Academic Search Complete). Inclusion criteria consisted of any publication or academic article in electronic media discussing the use of 3D bioprinting in medicine and its ethical concerns. Results: A total of 41 articles were identified from the aforementioned databases discussing the applications of 3D bioprinting in medicine, screening of which left only 35 articles that met the inclusion criteria. 24 articles discussed the applications of 3D bioprinting, nine articles discussed the ethical concerns related, and two articles discussed both bioprinting and its ethical implications. Conclusions: 3D bioprinting offer limitless opportunities in the field of medical education but face limitations in real clinical application. Specific guidelines on ethical use of 3D bioprinting are urgently for its appropriate regulation.
Exploring the Experience of Klang Valley Youths on Fake Braces by Bogus Dentists
Authors: Idaham Nurul Izza , Wan Othman Wan Mohamad Nasir , Hassan Hasyimah
Published: April 2021

The use of fake dental braces provided by bogus dentists is potentially dangerous to users' oral health. However, many people, especially youths, still fancy the use of these fake braces. This study aimed to explore the experience of youths from Klang Valley on the use of fake braces. This qualitative study used the phenomenological approach by interviewing ten youths aged between 16 - 27 years old who were from Klang Valley and wore fake braces. The tenth respondent formed the point of saturation of information in data collection. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore their experience in using fake braces. The interviews were conducted on the phone. Each interview lasted for a period of 10-15 minutes, and the conversations were recorded. The recordings were then transcribed verbatim, and thematic analysis of the content was used to develop the conceptual framework. Five major themes were discerned related to the respondents' views on the use of fake braces: a) physical appearance of teeth, b) influencing factors, c) seeking services of bogus dentists, d) procedures performed, and e) outcome of fake braces services. For youths with physical misalignment of teeth, fake braces are enticing due to the accessibility, availability, and affordability of bogus dentists. However, not all outcomes were perceived as favourable. Some perceived no change in the outcome, whilst most felt that fake braces led to worse consequences. This study's findings can provide the content for developing oral health promotion modules to check this unsafe practice.
Dampak Desentralisasi Fiskal terhadap Konvergensi Pendapatan Perkapita antar Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia
Authors: Negara Bonnie Permana , Khoirunurrofik Khoirunurrofik
Published: April 2021

Dengan menggunakan data panel 505 kabupaten/kota di Indonesia selama periode pelaksanaan desentralisasi dari tahun 2001-2017, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji tentang indikasi konvergensi perekonomian antar daerah di Indonesia dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kebijakan desentralisasi fiskal terhadap konvergensi pendapatan perkapita antar daerah di Indonesia. Indikator desentralisasi fiskal menggunakan indikator pendapatan dan indikator belanja daerah. Indikator pendapatan daerah terdiri dari pendapatatan asli daerah, dana bagi hasil, dan dana transfer. Indikator belanja daerah fokus pada belanja sektor pendidikan, sektor kesehatan, dan sektor infrastruktur. Menggunakan analisa konvergensi statis, penelitian ini menemukan bukti bahwa terjadi konvergensi pendapatan perkapita antar kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. Analisa konvergensi dinamis dengan model absolute convergence dan conditional convergence. Hasil estimasi model absolute convergence menunjukkan terjadinya konvergensi pendapatan perkapita antar kabupaten/kota di Indonesia dengan tingkat konvergensi sebesar 7 persen. Sedangkan hasil estimasi model conditional convergence menghasilkan tingkat konvergensi sebesar 19 persen ketika tenaga kerja, investasi, angka partisipasi pendidikan, dan indikator desentralisasi fiskal disertakan dalam model.
Kompetisi dan Efisiensi pada Pengadaan Pemerintah: Bukti Empiris pada Kementerian/ Lembaga di Indonesia
Authors: Tulungen Billy Thandy , Adrison Vid
Published: April 2021

This study investigates the effect of the number of bidders at the final evaluation stage before determining the winner on the ratio of the winner's bid price and the estimate price (HPS) on the tender and selection packages to ministries/institutions in Indonesia. This study uses 82,560 data cross-section on tender and selection packages obtained using techniques website scraping on 49 LPSE websites of Ministries/Institutions in Indonesia from 2008 to March 2020. To determine this effect, this study uses OLS and IV-2SLS methods to reduce the potential for bias due to endogeneity. This study found that there was an effect of the number of bidders in the final evaluation stage on the ratio of the winner's bid price and HPS, which would reduce the ratio by 0.0335 units or save procurement spending by tender or selection by 3.35% on the value of HPS. In addition, we also found that there was an indirect effect on the value of the procurement package, the prequalification method and the evaluation pattern on the number of bidders in the final evaluation stage before determining the winner.
Reformulasi Dana Desa untuk Mewujudkan Transfer Berbasis Kinerja: Momentum Peningkatan Peran di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Khoirunurrofik Khoirunurrofik , Kurniawan Yusuf Reza , Wiguna Ghany Ellantia
Published: April 2021

Meskipun telah mengalami beberapa kali penyempurnaan formula, persoalan efektivitas dan pemenuhan kriteria keadilan dari Alokasi Dana Desa masih menjadi pertanyaan besar dalam kebijakan keuangan publik di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan reformulasi pengalokasian Dana Desa berdasarkan evaluasi terhadap kelemahan formula saat ini dan identifikasi potensi indikator baru untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan keadilan terutama peningkatan peran Dana Desa bagi Pemulihan Ekonomi Desa di Masa Pendemi COVID-19. Penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analisis melalui kajian literatur, focus group discussion, dan analisis data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan perlunya menurunkan bobot Alokasi Dasar untuk mengurangi ketimpangan besaran alokasi Dana Desa, menaikkan bobot Alokasi Formula untuk memastikan alokasi Dana Desa yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan kapasitas masing-masing desa sehingga mendorong alokasi yang lebih berkeadilan dan efektif. Sementara itu, bobot Alokasi Afirmasi perlu dinaikkan dalam jangka pendek, namun kemudian menurun secara gradual di periode setelahnya untuk mencegah timbulnya moral hazard. Selanjutnya untuk mendorong pencapaian kemandirian desa, Alokasi Kinerja perlu dinaikkan sebagai mekanisme reward bagi desa-desa yang memiliki kinerja baik. Rekomendasi dari kajian ini adalah penyempurnaan formula alokasi Dana Desa perlu dilakukan secara periodik serta perlu memperhatikan Target dan Indikator SDGs yang dapat diimplementasikan di tingkat desa
Uji Performa Kompor Induksi dan Kompor Gas Terhadap Pemakaian Energi dan Aspek Ekonomisnya
Authors: Azzahra Septianissa , Azis Hastuti , Sitorus Meyhart Torsna Bangkit , Pawenary Pawenary
Published: April 2021

Kompor merupakan kebutuhan sehari-hari yang digunakan masyarakat sebagai alat untuk menyediakan berbagai makanan guna memenuhi kebutuhan pokok. Penggunaan kompor gas sangat umum digunakan oleh berbagai kalangan karena mudah didapat dan ekonomis (Pemerintah di Indonesia masih mensubsidi tabung gas 3 kg sehingga harganya sangat terjangkau). Namun saat ini pemerintah mendorong masyarakat untuk menggunakan kompor induksi sebagai pengganti dari kompor gas untuk mengurangi impor gas yang selama ini jumlahnya terus meningkat. Pada penelitian sebelumnya dilakukan perbandingan antara penggunaan kompor gas, listrik, dan induksi dengan mengujinya dalam mendidihkan 1 liter air. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian performa kompor gas dan kompor induksi dalam penggunaannya sehari-hari dengan membandingkan pemakaian energi dan aspek ekonomisnya selama 4 minggu. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menyatakan bahwa pemakaian energi pada kompor induksi dalam 4 miinggu lebih hemat energi dengan pemakaian sebesar 9900,571 kJ dibandingkan dengan kompor gas yaitu 225389,75 kJ di periode waktu yang sama. Namun dari keekonomian, kompor induksi menghabiskan biaya lebih besar yaitu Rp. 4048,45,- dibandingkan dengan kompor gas yang menggunakan gas subsidi yaitu sebesar Rp. 2400,-. Sedangkan untuk biaya pemakaian kompor gas dengan gas nonsubsidi besarnya biaya adalah Rp. 5625,-.