bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Effects of Silver in Nanostructured and Ultrahigh Diluted Form on Growth and Volatile Compounds Produced by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Mirzajani Fateme , Hamidi Amin
Published: June 2019

Introduction:

In this project, the growth and volatile metabolites profiles of Escherichia
coli (E. coli ) and Staphylococcus aureus were monitored under the influence of silver base chemical,
nanoparticle and ultra-highly diluted compounds.

Materials & Methods:

The treatments were done for 12000 life cycles using silver nanoparticles
(AgNPs) as well as ultra-highly diluted Argentum nitricum (Arg-n). Volatile organic metabolites
analysis was performed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results indicated
that AgNPs treatment made the bacteria resistant and adapted to growth in the nanoparticle
condition. The use of ultra-highly diluted Arg-n initially increased growth but it decreased later.
Also, with the continuous usage of these materials, no more bacterial growth was observed.

Results:

The most important compounds produced by E. coli are Acetophenone, Octyl acetate,
Styrene, 1,8-cineole, 4-t-butyl-2-(1-methyl-2-nitroethyl)cyclohexane, hexadecane and 2-Undecanol.
The main compounds derived from S. aureus are Acetophenone,1,8-cineole, Benzaldehyde,
2-Hexan-1-ol, Tridecanol, Dimethyl Octenal and tetradecane. Acetophenone and 1,8-cineole were
common and produced by both organisms.

Conclusion:

Based on the origin of the produced volatiles, main volatiles percentage of untreated sample
is hydrocarbon (>50%), while bacteria treatments convert the ratio in to aldehydes, ketones and alcohols
in the case of AgNPs, (>80%) and aldehydes, ketones and terpenes in the case of Arg-n (>70%).
Patents on Insect-based Feeds for Animals Including Companion Animals, and Terrestrial and Aquatic Livestock in Korea
Authors: Choi Jae-Suk
Published: June 2019

The demand for alternative protein sources by the livestock industry has increased substantially.
Therefore, insects are being promoted as a novel nutrient source in animal feed. As detailed
in this review, eleven patents related to feeding insects to terrestrial animals including livestock
and companion animals have been commercially applied. Six and eight of the patents have
been used to produce poultry and fish, and crustacean feed, respectively. The most promising species
for industrial feed production was the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens), the mealworm
(Tenebrio molitor), and the two-spotted cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus). Regarding research areas of
the patents reviewed here, studies on the composition and optimal mixing ratio of feeds and on insect
rearing, harvesting, and post-harvest technologies were mainly performed for the industrial
mass production of safe and functional animal feeds containing insects. Continuous scientific innovations
and improved processing technologies will aid further advancements in this field. Therefore,
this review offers insights to identify directions of future research and provides information on
different insect-based feedstuffs for animals including terrestrial livestock, fish and shellfish, and
companion animals, as also discussed in various patents.
Optimized Solution of TSP (Travelling Salesman Problem) Based on Mendelian Inheritance
Authors: Sharma Vivek , Kumar Rakesh , Tyagi Sanjay
Published: June 2019

Background:

TSP problem has been the part of literature from many decades; it’s an important
optimization issue in operation research. TSP problem always remain greedy for the better results especially
if chosen working field are Genetic Algorithms (GA).

Objective:

This paper presents a TSP solution, which performed the modified selection and crossover operations
as well as takes advantage of Mendelian inheritance while producing the generations.

Methods:

GA has very broad resolution scope for optimization problems and it is capable enough for generating
well-optimized results if right GA technique has been applied on right point of issue in controlled manner.
here the proposed agenda is to utilize the GA concept for TSP by applying mendels rules which is never
applied before for the same issue. Here the proposed scheme applies some modification in traditional Mendel
process. In general, full chromosome window has been utilized in mendel inheritance process but in presented
scheme we have utilizes Most Significant Bits (MSB) only which helps in to control the convergence aptitude
of the process.

Results:

The scheme uses advanced modified Mendel operation which helps in to control convergence aptitude
of the operation. It efficiently minimizes the total travelled distance of the graph which was the ultimate
objective of the problem and that has been successfully achieved.

Conclusion:

The validation of the scheme has been confirmed from the obtained results, which are better
enough as comparison to traditional TSP-GA.
Data Control in Public Cloud Computing: Issues and Challenges
Authors: Sharma Ashok , Jha Pranay , Singh Sartaj
Published: June 2019

Background:

The Advancement in the Hardware and Progress in IoT based devices has led to significant
transformation in digitalization and globalization of business models in the IT World. In fact Cloud
Computing has attracted many companies to expand their business by providing IT infrastructure with very
less budget in pay per use model. The Expansion and Migration of Companies to Cloud Computing facilities
has really brought many pros and cons and opened new area of Research. The Management of IT infrastructure
as per business requirement is a great challenge for the IT Infrastructure managers because of complex
business models which needs to be updated with market trends and it requires huge and updated infrastructure
to accelerate their business requirements.

No doubt there are many benefits of moving to Cloud but several vulnerabilities and potential threats related
to security is a major concern for any business sensitive data. These security challenges place restrictions on
moving on-premises workloads to the Cloud. This paper has discussed key differences in cloud models and
existing various Cloud Security Architectures and challenges in cloud computing related to Data Security at
Rest and in Transit. Also data controlling mechanism need to be adopted by IT Industry along with end to end
security mechanism has been explained.

Objective:

The main objective of this paper is to discuss about the prevailing issues in cloud in terms of data
security which is discouraging the Industry and organizations to move their data into public cloud and also to
discuss how to enhance security mechanism in cloud during data migration and multitenant environment.

Methods:

Based on different reports and analysis, it has been pointed that data breach and data security are
most challenging and concerning factor for any customer when someone think to migrate the workloads from
On-Premises datacenter to Cloud Computing. It needs more attention in every consideration. All criteria and
considerations to secure and protect the customer’s information and data have been classified and discussed.
Data-at-rest and Data-in-transit are transmission method for storing and moving the data from one source to
destination. Different encryption methods for protecting and security data-at-rest and data-in-transit have
been identity. However, there are still more areas need to work in for filling gaps for Cloud data control and
security which is still a serious concern and on top of attackers every day.

Results & Conclusion:

Since, cyber-attacks occurring very frequently and causing a huge amount of investment
on re-establishing the environment, it needs more control with effective usages of technology. All those
concerns related to security are very reasonable concerns that needs to be addressed.
Quality by Design-based Optimization of Formulation and Process Variables for Controlling Particle Size and Zeta Potential of Spray Dried Incinerated Copper Nanosuspension
Authors: Singh Saurabh , Singh Sachin Kumar , Chauhan Malti G. , Kumar Bimlesh , Pandey Narendra Kumar , Kaur Barinder , Kumar Arun , Mohanta Souvik , Gulati Monica , Wadhwa Sheetu , Yadav Ankit Kumar , Singh Pankaj Kumar , Kumari Yogita , Kaur Gurmandeep , Khursheed Rubiya , Clarrisse A.
Published: June 2019

Background:

In the present study copper nanosuspension was prepared from Incinerated
Copper Powder (ICP) by top down media milling. Glycyrrhiza glabra (GG) and
Gum Acacia (GA) were used as stabilizers in the formulation.

Methods:

Box Behnken Design was used to investigate the effect of formulation and process
variables on particle size and zeta potential and optimize their ratio to get target product profile.
The ratio of GA and GG to ICP was varied along with milling time and its speed. Further
the prepared nanosuspensions were solidified using spray drying.

Results:

The particle size was found to be decreased with the increase in GG to ICP ratio,
milling time and milling speed, whereas, reverse effect on particle size was observed with an
increase in GA to ICP ratio. The zeta potential was found to be increased with the increase in
GG to CB ratio and milling speed and it decreased with the increase in GA to ICP ratio and
milling time. The obtained value for particle size was 117.9 nm and zeta potential were -9.46
mV which was in close agreement with the predicted values by the design which was,
121.86 nm for particle size and -8.07 mV for zeta potential respectively. This indicated the
reliability of optimization procedure. The percentage drug loading of copper in the nanosuspension
was 88.26%. The micromeritic evaluation of obtained spray dried nanoparticles revealed
that the particles were having good flow and compactibility.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that application of media milling, design of experiment and
spray drying have offered very good copper nanosuspension that has the potential to be
scaled up on industrial scale.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ БОТУЛОТОКСИНУ В МЕДИЦИНІ (ОГЛЯД ЛІТЕРАТУРИ)
Authors: Готюр О. І. , Гальків Т. І. , Чурпій І. К.
Published: June 2019

Резюме. Ботулотоксин – нейротоксин білкової природи, що виробляється бактеріями Clostridium botulinum, блокує нервово-м’язову передачу нервових імпульсів, у результаті чого розслабляються мімічні м’язи обличчя і припиняється утворення зморшок. Найсильніша органічна отрута з відомих науці органічних токсинів і одна з найбільш отруйних речовин. Попадання ботулотоксину в організм викликає важке токсичне ураження –ботулізм, який в природних умовах зустрічається у людей, коней, птахів, великої рогатої худоби, хутрових звірів. Перші відомості про ботулотоксин з'явилися у Німеччині 1820 р. – у результаті розслідування смерті кількох людей було встановлено, що причиною загибелі став токсин, що знаходився в ковбасі. Ці бактерії першим виділив бельгійський доктор Еміль Ванн Ерменгем. І тільки в 1944р. з чистої культури бактерій був виділений ботулотоксин, а його властивість блокувати нервово-м'язову передачу виявили в 1949 р. Також ботулотоксин блокує надмірну секрецію потових залоз у ділянці пахв, долонь та ступнів ніг, саме тому він є показаним з лікувальною метою при гіпергідрозі.

За останні роки ботулотоксин чудово себе зарекомендував у невропатологів через свою властивість – зниження вироблення нейротрансмітерів у головному мозку, що дає можливість знижувати інтенсивність головного болю при мігрені та головному болю напруги.

Нетримання сечі досить поширена проблема серед жінок. Уколи ботулінічного нейротоксину впливають на спазми м'язів сечового міхура, знижуючи їхню активність, але не паралізуючи повністю, внаслідок чого людина може контролювати свої позиви. Залежно від місця введення токсину знімається будь-який спазм. Це враховують і спеціалісти щелепно-лицьової хірургії. Якщо його вводити в головний жувальний м'яз при бруксизмі, то уже через кілька днів у пацієнтів зменшується скрегіт зубами, а через деякий час і зовсім зникає.
Lisboa africana no cinema: conversas em sala de aula sobre Li ké terra e Cavalo Dinheiro
Authors: Pereira Ana Cristina , Macedo Isabel , Cabecinhas Rosa
Published: June 2019

Hoje, através do cinema, televisão, videojogos, publicidade e outros meios audiovisuais, as imagens têm um papel importante na formação das nossas crenças, conceitos e sonhos. Possuindo um movimento intrínseco que frequentemente escapa ao nosso controlo, as imagens podem contribuir para difundir estereótipos sociais, que marcam as nossas visões do mundo. A recente produção cinematográfica portuguesa destaca visões polémicas da complexa realidade pós-colonial na sociedade contemporânea, devido aos choques de memórias sobre o passado colonial que instiga. O documentário Li ké terra (2010) e a ficção Cavalo Dinheiro (2014) constituem espaços/lugares de memória e de reconstrução histórica. Através de discussões de grupos focais examinamos como jovens estudantes constroem as suas perceções sobre o quotidiano dos “imigrantes” africanos em Portugal e as suas representações sobre “raça”. A análise das discussões dos grupos focais permite a compreensão do modo como as memórias coletivas são (re)criadas em contextos pós-coloniais e uma reflexão crítica sobre conflitos (passados) e as relações intergrupais atuais. Esta análise qualitativa foi realizada com o recurso ao método indutivo-comparativo e também à análise crítica do discurso.
Produção e formação audiovisual “fora do eixo” no Brasil: o caso do Instituto Federal de Goiás
Authors: Prado Renato
Published: June 2019

A produção cinematográfica e audiovisual, a exemplo dos grandes grupos de média, esteve historicamente concentrada nas mãos de poucos agentes em relação ao todo populacional. Este tipo de concentração favorece discursos hegemônicos e representações alienadas de culturas que não produzem seu próprio conteúdo. As políticas públicas de descentralização da produção audiovisual brasileira no século XXI estão a desempenhar um papel importante e bem-sucedido de aumento da produção em regiões fora do eixo Rio-São Paulo, principal centro econômico e de produção dos média do Brasil. As instituições de formação audiovisual que estão “fora do eixo” devem estar atentas a esta organização, preparando os estudantes para os desafios técnicos, sociais e culturais da descentralização da produção e do discurso. O Instituto Federal de Goiás (IFG) oferece desde 2015 o Bacharelado em Cinema e Audiovisual em Goiás, uma pequena cidade da região centro-oeste do Brasil. O curso tem obtido resultados importantes advindos de sua proposta pedagógica ao mesmo tempo em que tenta se consolidar e estabelecer ações de cooperação com outras instituições fora dos principais centros de média de seu país e do mundo.
Caffé, E. (Realizadora). (2003). Narradores de Javé [Filme]. Brasil, França: Bananeira Filmes, Gullane Filmes, Laterit Productions e Riofilme.
Authors: Lessa Giane
Published: June 2019

Uma cidade do sertão do nordeste brasileiro será inundada devido à construção de uma usina hidrelétrica...
EFFECT OF MICROWAVE RADIATION ON STRENGTH CAPPED POLYMER COMPOSITION MATERIALS WITH LIGHTNESS PROTECTIVE RETAINED COATING LOW-CYCLE LOADING
Authors: Zlobina I. V.
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesThe analysis of the features of application of fiber-reinforced polymer composite materials (PCM) of different nature in the structural elements of aviation technology and methods of increasing the strength of their products.MethodIt is indicated on the positive effect on the strength of the bending stress and interlayer shear finish treatment of cured PCM in the microwave electromagnetic field. It is noted that the peculiarity of the elements of the skin of PCM is the presence in the surface layer of the built-in metal mesh, or lightning-proof coating (MFP), necessary to ensure the stability of structural elements to the effects of atmospheric electricity discharges.Result. The tests of the control and processed in the microwave electromagnetic field samples from PCM with MSP on low-cycle fatigue at the number of loading cycles-60 and strain amplitudes-10 mm. it was Found that in the control samples with the grid MEU primary crack appears after 6 cycles. After microwave processing, the samples retain their integrity, but the load causing the set deformation is reduced by 14% already on the 35th cycle.ConclusionDurability of samples with the heat-treated grid "Тekstilmash" and with a grid without heat treatment after influence of microwave electromagnetic field increases respectively by 59,5% and 71%. At the same time, the samples retain their integrity after 60 loading cycles, and the maximum stresses are reduced by 13.7% and 5.8%, respectively, compared to static tests. The limit of low-cycle fatigue increases  after microwave treatment from 37 to 210%.
ENERGETICALLY OPTIMAL WORK OF WATER INTAKE STRUCTURES FROM UNDERGROUND SOURCES
Authors: Purusova I. Yu.
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesPerfecting of the existing schemes of water delivery in the pure tank on a pressure piping and increase in efficiency of submersible pumps on water intaking constructions from underground sources. Discusses the negative manifestations in the operation of water intaking constructions from underground. In the mode of operation of each pump is influenced by external and internal characteristics of the system wells – submersible pump – common culvert – the clean water tank.MethodsMathematical model operation of management process of collaboration of system a water well – a prefabricated conduit with definite forms of boundary conditions. Schemes of an arrangement are shown of water wells and a prefabricated conduit.ResultsInterference of a duty of certain wells and a prefabricated conduit is studied, unstable work of submersible pumps is defined. The scheme of water delivery is presented to the pure tank on separate pressure pressure lines. To ensure the stability of the pumping equipment, the characteristics of the diameter of the water conduit (its hydraulic resistance) are determined depending on the total hydraulic resistance of the well equipment (well filter, pump, fittings) and the well pipeline. Monitoring of water intake structures allows you to set technical indicators for choosing an independent scheme, to choose the right equipment, taking into account the joint operation of the system borehole - submersible pump - collecting water conduit - RFI.ConclusionEnergetically optimal work of water intake structures with separate pressure lines, helps to reduce water losses, while achieving significant savings in electricity. The most favorable for the submersible pump is work on the clean water tank, and not on the prefabricated conduit.
ANOMALOUS ERRORS IN DETERMINING FOCUS COORDINATES EARTHQUAKES AND SUGGESTIONS FOR THEIR ELIMINATION
Authors: Aslanov G. K. , Aslanov T. G. , Musaeva U. A.
Published: June 2019

Objectives The aim of the study is to develop a method for estimating the speed of seismic waves in different directions of propagation and by taking into account the dimensions of the focus, reducing the error in determining the coordinates of the hypocenter. Method To find the hypocenter of the earthquake, the data of the seismic wave velocities, the differences in the times of arrival of seismic waves on seismic sensors and the error in determining the time difference are used. The data with an error determine the coordinates of the hypocenter using information from various combinations of seismic sensors. Processing the resulting array of coordinates, estimates the seismic wave velocities / or determines the spatial shape of the earthquake source and the coordinates of the hypocenter. According to the coordinates of the cinema center, the differences in the travel time of seismic waves are corrected and the distances to the seismic sensors are refined. Results After preliminary determination of the coordinates and shape of the earthquake source, if there are a large number of seismic sensors, it is possible to clarify the coordinates of the earthquake hypocenter taking into account the recommendations given in the works. Conclusion Using the proposed method implies the presence of a large number of sensors to determine the complex shape, the earthquake source.
BUILDING AN INTEGRAL INDICATOR OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MICROCREDIT SYSTEM BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF MODELS OF QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: Balamirzoev N. L.
Published: June 2019

Objectives The policy of the state microcredit system should be aimed at achieving the maximum possible value of the indicators I.MFO, IB, IB and IBH. The greater the value of all of the introduced indicators IB, IFO, IB, IB and IB, the more effective from the point of view of state interests is the system of micro crediting . Method. The BLI and Diener models were used to assess the quality of life in terms of the possibilities and feasibility of using them to assess the effectiveness of the microcredit system. Result. In this paper, the formation of a composition of indicators to assess the effectiveness of the microcredit system based on the indicators considered in the proposed models is carried out. A variant is proposed for constructing an integral indicator for assessing the effectiveness of both the microcredit system as a whole and a separate microfinance organization (MFI). A list of 21 indicators was compiled, on the basis of which an integral indicator of the functioning of the MFO system was built. Conclusion. A set of indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of the microcredit system has been formed. Relations have been formed to estimate the value of the integral indicator of the effectiveness of the microcredit system, both at the level of the entire state and at the level of an individual region, which makes it possible to compare individual regions and states according to thedegree of effectiveness of microcredit systems in them.
Searching the Internet for Infertility Information: A Survey of Patient Needs and Preferences (Preprint)
Authors: Brochu Felicia , Robins Stephanie , Miner Skye A , Grunberg Paul H , Chan Peter , Lo Kirk , Holzer Hananel E G , Mahutte Neal , Ouhilal Sophia , Tulandi Togas , Zelkowitz Phyllis
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND

Given the complexity of infertility diagnoses and treatments and the convenience of the internet for finding health-related information, people undergoing infertility treatments often use Web-based resources to obtain infertility information and support. However, little is known about the types of information and support resources infertility patients search for on the internet and whether these resources meet their needs.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study were to (1) examine what individual factors, namely, demographic characteristics and distress, are associated with searching the internet for different types of infertility-related information and support resources and (2) determine whether Web-based resources meet the needs of patients.

METHODS

Men and women seeking infertility care responded to a survey assessing use of Web-based resources for accessing infertility-related information and support. The survey further assessed satisfaction with Web-based resources as well as perceived stress and depressive symptomatology.

RESULTS

A total of 567 participants, including 254 men and 313 women, completed the survey. Most participants (490/558, 87.8%) had searched the internet for infertility information and support. Searchers were more likely to be women (P<.001), highly educated (P=.04), long-term patients (P=.03), and more distressed (P=.04). Causes of infertility, treatment options, and scientific literature about infertility were the three most frequently searched topics, whereas ways to discuss treatment with family and friends as well as surrogacy and ways to find peer support were the three least searched topics. Of those who searched the internet, 70.9% (346/488) indicated that their needs were met by Web-based information, whereas 29.1% (142/488) said that their needs were not met. Having unmet needs was related to greater levels of perceived stress (P=.005) and depressive symptomatology (P=.03).

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides evidence for the important role of the internet in accessing infertility information and support and for the ability of Web-based resources to meet patients’ needs. However, although distressed patients reported particularly high rates of searching, their needs were not always met, suggesting that they may benefit from alternative sources of information and support or guidance from health care providers when searching the internet.
Cooking loss, texture properties, and color of comminuted beef prepared with breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) flour
Authors: Huang Shiqi , Vasquez Mejía Sandra M. , Murch Susan J. , Bohrer Benjamin M.
Published: June 2019

Cooking loss, texture properties, and color of comminuted beef when prepared with breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) flour or other flour sources was evaluated using 2 separate studies. Flour sources tested in these studies (against a negative control with no added flour) were breadfruit flour, soy flour, corn flour, wheat flour, and tapioca flour. Study 1: Finely minced, comminuted beef batters (extra lean beef targeted to 97% lean and 3% fat, salt, and ice/water) prepared with inclusion levels of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% flour were evaluated for cooking loss and texture. Cooking loss was reduced (P < 0.05) in comminuted beef prepared with breadfruit flour compared with those not prepared with flour and cooking loss decreased as breadfruit flour inclusion level increased (Linear P < 0.01). Hardness was not different (P = 0.49) in comminuted beef prepared with breadfruit flour compared with soy flour, and was much less (P < 0.01) compared with the 3 other flour sources at each inclusion level. Study 2: Comminuted beef (lean beef targeted to 90% lean and 10% fat, salt, and ice/water) with inclusion levels of 0, 2.5, and 5% flour were formed into patties and were evaluated for color over a simulated retail display period. Redness values (a*) of comminuted beef prepared with breadfruit flour were the greatest (P < 0.05) during the 7-d simulated retail display compared with all other treatments, including control samples with no flour. Overall, the results indicated that breadfruit flour could be effectively used as an ingredient in comminuted beef to produce similar texture as observed with soy flour, while actually improving redness values beyond that of other flour sources.
Changes in the Volatile Composition of Fresh Pork Sausage with Natural Antioxidants During Long-Term Frozen Storage
Authors: Schilling M. W. , Pham-Mondala A. J. , Dhowlaghar N. , Campbell Y. L. , Dinh T. T. , Tolentino A. C. , Williams J. B. , Xiong Y. L.
Published: June 2019

Pre-rigor meat was formulated into fresh pork sausages with a combination of synthetic antioxidants (butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, and propyl gallate) or the same synthetic antioxidants in combination with rosemary (R, 1500, 2000, 2500 mg/kg) and green tea (G, 100, 200, 300 mg/kg). Sausages were stored frozen (-20°C) for 15, 90, or 180 d followed by refrigerated storage (3 ± 1°C). The volatile compounds from these sausages were identified using solid phase microextraction (SPME), gas chromatography coupled with a mass selective detector (GC-MSD), and OSME-gas chromatography-olfactometry (GCO-OSME). Fifty-five aroma compounds were identified from the headspace of pork sausage where spice-derived volatiles such as terpenes (α-pinene, α-thujene) and terpenoids (isopulegol, 1,8-cineole) were the most abundant compounds in the headspace of the fresh product (0 d). Aldehydes (heptanal, 2-heptenal, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal) and alcohols (1-octen-3-ol, 1-penten-3-ol) characteristic of lipid degradation and microbial metabolites (methanethiol, 3-methylbutanoic acid, acetoin) were associated with more intense odorants as the product neared the end of shelf life at 14 d of refrigerated storage. Incorporation of R resulted in lower levels of hexanal (cut grass) and 1-octen-3-ol (mushroom) across all frozen storage periods. After 180 d of frozen storage, higher levels of G contained lower concentrations of ethanol (alcoholic), 3-methylbutanoic acid (sweaty), and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (popcorn). As R and G concentration increased in the sausage, there were greater (P < 0.05) concentrations of terpenes and less (P < 0.05) acetic acid throughout refrigerated storage. Incorporation of R resulted in less (P < 0.05) 2,4-decadienal (oxidized ginger-nutmeg), and methanethiol (sulfur) following 90 d of freezing. After 180 d frozen storage, higher levels of G led to less (P < 0.05) 3-methyl-1-butanol and methyl isovalerate (spoiled fruit). Enhanced protection by natural plant extract combinations was observed, especially beyond 90 d of frozen storage where oxidation associated aroma-impact volatiles were reduced in sausages with higher rosemary and/or green tea extract concentrations.
Consumer Acceptability and Demand for Cooked Beef Sausage Formulated With Pre- and Post-Rigor Deboned Beef
Authors: Sukumaran Anuraj T. , Coatney Kalyn , Ellington Jack , Holtcamp Alexander J. , Schilling M. Wes , Dinh Thu T. N.
Published: June 2019

The objective of this study was to compare consumer acceptability and demand between pre- and post-rigor cooked beef sausage. Consumers (N = 100) evaluated the appearance, aroma, flavor, texture, and overall acceptability on a 9-point hedonic scale and formulated an independent bid for each product. Consumers preferred the aroma and flavor of pre-rigor sausage to those of post-rigor sausage (P = 0.008 and 0.029, respectively). This resulted in a greater overall acceptability of pre-rigor sausage than that of post-rigor sausage (P = 0.011). Cluster analysis revealed that 45 consumers in clusters 3 and 4 led to such greater acceptability. Average predicted unit-demand for the experiment was 1.59 kg (3.50 lbs)/(USD)$ greater for pre-rigor than for post-rigor sausage (P ≤ 0.001). Overall, the results indicated that pre-rigor processing yielded sausage with greater consumer acceptability and demand.
RESTRICCIÓN FINANCIERA Y CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO EN MÉXICO
Authors: Landa Díaz Heri Oscar
Published: June 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar la incidencia del desarrollo financiero sobre el crecimiento económico. Con este fin, mediante un modelo autorregresivo con rezagos distribuidos se prueba empíricamente la participación del mercado bursátil y del sistema bancario en la dinámica del producto interno bruto de México durante el periodo 1996-2018. Los resultados principales muestran que la profundización del sistema financiero genera efectos bivalentes sobre la evolución del producto: por un lado, la evidencia sugiere una relación inversa con la intermediación bancaria y, por otro, una relación positiva con la capitalización bursátil. 

 

FINANCIAL RESTRICTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN MEXICO

ABSTRACT

 
The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of financial development on economic growth. The contribution of both capital and credit market movements on the dynamics of Mexico’s gross domestic product (GDP) over the period 1996-2017 is empirically tested using an Autoregressive Distributive Lag model. The main findings show that the deepening of the financial system generates bivalent effects on the evolution of GDP. The evidence also suggests an inverse relationship with bank intermediation and a positive one with stock market capitalization.
Geochemical characterization and spatial distribution of heavy metals from urban dust in Chetumal, Mexico
Authors: Zapata Carbonell José Gonzalo , Bautista Zúñiga Francisco , Rendón von Osten Jaime , Lagunes  Espinoza Luz del Carmen , Palma  López David de Jesús , Cejudo Ruiz Rubén , Goguichaichvili Avto , Frausto Martínez Oscar
Published: June 2019

The first diagnose of heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb) concentrations present in Chetumal, Mexico and its spatial distribution was carried out by analyzing 86 samples of urban dust through atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The assessment of the extent of pollution was undertaken by the use of the Mexican Residential Soil Guideline Values, the calculation of the contamination factor and the pollution load index. The results showed concentrations of heavy metals below the Mexican guidelines in the city, except for chromium and lead in a few samples. However, using the contamination factor the concentrations for chromium, lead and copper are exceeded in some samples. The map of pollution load index shows the areas requiring immediate attention from the decision makers.
Metodología de bajo costo para implementar circuitos electrónicos integrados, un ejemplo de aplicación
Authors: Medina Vázquez Agustín Santiago , Gurrola Navarro Marco Antonio , Flores Castillo Pablo David , Meda Campaña María Elena , Bonilla Barragán Carlos Alberto , Villegas González José Martín
Published: June 2019

En la industria nacional mexicana, se importan grandes cantidades de dispositivos electrónicos para las empresas de manufactura, entre los que se encuentran los circuitos integrados. Dado que estos circuitos integrados son diseñados en otros países, en México se pierden oportunidades de participación en el sector. En este documento, se presenta una metodología para diseñar circuitos integrados con herramientas de bajo costo con el fin de impulsar el interés en el área, aún con recursos económicos limitados, dejando la implementación de los mismos a empresas dedicadas. Como caso de éxito, se muestra el diseño de un circuito correlador de tramas de bits en una tecnología de fabricación CMOS. El correlador se diseñó para proporcionar salida digital y salida analógica (circuito de señal mezclada). Se sigue un modelo de desarrollo del chip conocido como “fabless” (sin fábrica) y los prototipos obtenidos fueron probados con éxito en el laboratorio. A pesar de que los resultados obtenidos en laboratorio aun no alcanzan la eficiencia de los circuitos comerciales, los circuitos que aquí se muestran son suficientes para validar la metodología discutida y la cual está al alcance de emprendedores y estudiantes para incursionar en el ramo del diseño de circuitos integrados.
Caracterización de las propiedades mecánicas de un ladrillo no estructural de tierra como soporte de material vegetal en muros verdes
Authors: González Velandia Krystle Danitza , Sánchez Bernal Ruth , Pita Castañeda Diber Jeannette , Pérez Navarro Luisa Fernanda
Published: June 2019

En la búsqueda de materiales para construcción sostenible, los ladrillos de adobe juegan un papel importante por generar menor impacto que otros materiales. Hay diversas investigaciones y desarrollos para mejorar sus características como resistencia y durabilidad, entre otras. En el presente trabajo, en una primera fase, se estudiaron las propiedades mecánicas de una mezcla de ladrillo en tierra, arcilla, arena y fibras vegetales secas. En la mezcla seleccionada se evaluó la germinación de material vegetal (pasto) en su superficie y sus propiedades mecánicas una vez que el material se desarrolló. Como resultado, se encontró que la mezcla de ladrillo seleccionada presenta menor resistencia a la compresión que otros ladrillos de adobe, pero la fibra incorporada permite que sea más estable. Además, la combinación de materiales posibilitó una menor densidad y mayor absorción de agua, lo que facilitó el desarrollo de material vegetal en su superficie y que se ganara estabilidad al generarse una red entre las raíces. Tales hallazgos permiten concluir que es posible su aplicación en muros verdes con alturas menores de cuatro metros.
Métodos numéricos en diferencias finitas para la estimación de recursos de Hardware FPGA en arquitecturas LFSR(n,k) fractales
Authors: Sandoval Ruiz Cecilia E.
Published: June 2019

En este trabajo se estudia el método numérico en diferencias finitas para la estimación de recursos en hardware, específicamente sobre tecnología FPGA (arreglo de compuertas programables por campo), aplicado a un modelo fractal de componentes de arquitectura LFSR (registros desplazamiento con realimentación lineal) paralelizada, como elemento básico de sistemas de multiplicadores en campos finitos, código Reed Solomon y Redes Neuronales Artificiales. El método abordado consistió en la discretización de las variables arrojadas en el reporte de síntesis sobre hardware de los casos de estudio, por medio del modelado matemático se obtienen las ecuaciones descriptivas, lo que permite validar las estrategias de optimización de los diseños usando la base de un operador matemático con estructura concurrente de realimentación lineal LFCS (n,k), definido por funciones compuestas con auto similitud. Se obtiene como resultado un conjunto de ecuaciones que describen el comportamiento del parámetro estimado, facilitando la evaluación del diseño en etapas previas, así como la aplicación de un elemento recursivo, que permita obtener el consumo de recursos en función a este operador lógico-matemático. Estos métodos pueden ser extendidos en el análisis y estimación de eficiencia energética de los diseños, con lo que se aportan soluciones en materia de consumo de energía de los modelos electrónicos y rendimiento de sistemas.
Bibliotecas universitarias y proyección social: diferencias y extremos en América Latina
Authors: Nureña César R.
Published: June 2019

El análisis de los reglamentos de servicios de setenta bibliotecas universitarias latinoamericanas (de Perú, México, Brasil, Argentina, Colombia, Chile y Bolivia) revela que existen enormes diferencias en las maneras en que los bibliotecarios de esta parte del mundo entienden y llevan a la práctica nociones sobre el acceso al conocimiento y el papel de proyección social de las universidades. En algunos países, estas bibliotecas operan como servicios públicos para la comunidad (Brasil, México y Argentina), mientras que en otros se establecen múltiples restricciones a los usuarios externos (con situaciones extremas en Perú). El artículo discute las implicancias de estos hallazgos en relación con los roles de las bibliotecas y la función universitaria de proyección social.
Opportunities for the reconstruction of the quarter between the streets ­Nar-Dos, Tigran Mets, Zavaryan and Khorenatsi of the city of Yerevan
Authors: Azatyan Karen R. , Ohanyan Anush A.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. In the central quarters of Yerevan, the contemporary development of which formed since 1920s, the problems of organization of courtyard space has been arisen initially. The quarters were built up with old houses and the lack of funds led to the fact that the development was carried out only around the perimeter of the quarters, where new residential buildings were built. As a result, large amount of ramshackle housing stock remained in the center of the quarters. And despite the fact that these plots were intended for the improvement of courtyards, by the end of 1980s the problem was not solved. Since 1992, when socio-economic radical changes took place in the Republic and the state development programs were suspended, the inner quarter space became an object of individual spontaneous construction, which led to chaos in the organization of urban living environment. Such an example is the quarter between the streets Nar-Dos, Tigran Mets, Zavaryan and Khorenatsi — the subject of this research. Identification of the reconstruction opportunities of the quarter between the streets Nar-Dos, Tigran Mets, Zavaryan and Khorenatsi of the city of Yerevan.
Materials and methods. The work is carried out on the base of the field observations and published sources by the method of theoretical research, analysis, designing and generalization of the material.
Results. The work is composed of the following thematic subdivisions: defining the research boundaries; study and analysis of the present condition of the quarter; project proposal for the reconstruction; socio-economic aspects of the project implementation. The historical process of the forming of the development of city center quarters is generalized, the existing problems are determined. The results of the study and the analysis of the particular quarter development present condition are introduced. The conceptual project proposal for the reconstruction of the quarter, the socio-economic possibilities of its implementation and the expected results are presented.
Conclusions. A list of problems are deduced, which are resolving through the proposal. As well data on the effectiveness of the individual indexes during the reconstruction of the quarter is displayed. The results of the work can be introduced in the reconstruction programs of the central quarters of Yerevan city.
The value of historical and cultural heritage in the reconstruction and restoration of cities
Authors: Shcherbina Elena V. , Belal Ali A.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The aim of the study is the problem of protecting cultural and historic properties in the cities, that have been affected and damaged as a result of war. It is shown that the properties of cultural and historical heritage are significantly damaged, threatening their preservation, which can lead to their complete loss. In each case, the primary concern has been the impact of the reconstruction on the values for which the property was inscribed as a World Heritage site. The urgency of the problem is determined by the fact that cultural heritage sites that are not on the UNESCO list remain outside the attention of the authorities, the professional community and the public, which, as a result of reconstruction process, can lead to their loss, loss of urban identity, and not only negative humanitarian consequences, but also reduce significant economic potential.
Materials and methods. The studies are based on a retrospective analysis of the territory, which can be used to identify the boundaries of the city, which have historical and cultural significance. The systematic approach and cartography method are used to determine the location of the historic center of Homs city and historical heritage objects within, which is necessary to assess their value and to face all the challenges and prevent further damages loss of cultural significance that was caused by the military conflict. Special approaches were proposed for protecting the objects which have historical and cultural significance. Also, a several points of weakness were presented in the reconstruction process of cities affected by the war.
Results. Applying cartography method based on retrospective analysis of the city affected by military conflicts in our case Homs city. Both methods can help detecting the boundaries of the territory, which has signs of historical and cultural significance. Also, a recommendation mechanism was proposed for reconstruction process in the historical cities affected by military actions based on the preservation of their historical potential and urban identity, aimed at implementing the concept of sustainable development.
Conclusions. The study of post-conflict reconstruction of historic cities, shown the necessity of using special urban planning techniques for the restoration process in the territories with historical and cultural significance.
Organizational, legal and economic aspects of the development of industrial zones located within a city in accordance with the concept of sustainable territory development
Authors: Kurakova Oksana A. , Mayorov Maxim V. , Mayorov Mikhail V.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The article deals with the problems that arise when trying to reorganize inefficient industrial enterprises and territories located within the precincts of a city. The relevance of the study is that a re-development steps forth as the only possible and most effective way to develop the city in the absence of free land. The work is aimed to identify mechanisms and ways of integrated territory development and overcoming problems in the modern Russian conditions, taking into account the European experience in the implementation of the given projects as well as the possibility of their adaptation in the Russian market.
Materials and methods. The work is based on the theoretical study and analysis of published sources. Also the work uses statistical data, foreign and domestic scientific publications in the field of territory development.
Results. The number of inefficient, outdated industrial territories abroad is significantly reduced every year what indicates the successful use of re-development mechanisms. In Russia the number of implemented projects is much lesser, so it is necessary to pay attention to the tools used by developed countries in the integrated territory transformation. The analysis of the Russian experience revealed the need to develop a specialized legislation as a basis for elaboration of the re-development. Thus, for effective introduction of the Western standards, it is required to take into account the differences between Russian and foreign industrial territories that do not allow to fully introduce these tools without adaptation to the conditions of the domestic economy.
Conclusions. It is determined that implementation of promising and large re-development projects is impossible without overcoming a number of problems (a large number of owners, lack of legislation in this area, shortage of financial resources, etc.). Relying on the experience gained abroad, possible solutions to these restrictions are proposed.
Reflected self-efficacy and creativity: The power of being recognized by others toward individual creative performance
Authors: Kim Hyunjee Hannah , Choi Jin Nam , Butt Arif Nazir
Published: June 2019

Reflected self-efficacy, defined as one's perception of how others assess one's ability to perform a task, may be a meaningful predictor of creative performance over and above self-assessed self-efficacy. We examined if reflected self-efficacy, compared to self-assessed self-efficacy,
is a more meaningful predictor of creative performance. A sample of 141 Master of Business Administration students completed measures of self-efficacy, reflected self-efficacy, proactive social management, team trust, and creative performance. Results showed that reflected self-efficacy had
superior incremental validity compared to self-assessed self-efficacy, and that reflected self-efficacy affected individual creativity via the mediator of proactive social engagement. This relationship was more pronounced when a focal team member's trust toward the team was low (vs. high).
Our findings support the importance of the functions of social aspects of self-efficacy in enhancing individual creativity.
Do Interviewers Actually Know More about Falseness in an Inquiry Than They Communicate in a Direct Lying Assessment?
Authors: Lee Chih-Chen , Welker Robert B.
Published: June 2019

Research suggests that interviewers' judgments about an interviewee's truthfulness are too unreliable to be useful for important decisions such as fraud risk assessment. The present study examines whether interviewers can distinguish falsifiers from truth-tellers. In an experiment, accounting students (n = 66) interviewed either a falsifying or truth-telling interviewee. Those who interviewed a falsifier perceived the interviewee as thinking harder and less forthcoming, and the interviewer expressed a stronger belief that the interviewee had lied (Lying). A logistic regression function accurately detected more falsifiers with the interviewee's perceptions of thinking hard and forthcomingness as predictors than with Direct Lying assessments. These findings suggest that interviewers know more about an interviewee's lying than they convey in a direct lying assessment. Hence, interviewers may have insight about an interviewee's appearance that can improve evaluations of audit and fraud risk.

Data Availability: Confidentiality agreements with participants, written with the assistance of the Institutional Review Board at the first author's university, prevent the sharing of data with others.