bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Trehalose Synthesis in Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis PW1001 in Inducing Hypersensitive Response on Eggplant (Solanum melongena cv. Senryo-nigou)
Authors: Laili Nur , Mukaihara Takafumi , Matsui Hidenori , Yamamoto Mikihiro , Noutoshi Yoshiteru , Toyoda Kazuhiro , Ichinose Yuki
Published: December 2021

Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis (Rsi, former name: Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype IV) PW1001, a causal agent of potato wilt disease, induces hypersensitive response (HR) on its non-host eggplant (Solanum melongena cv. Senryo-nigou). The disaccharide trehalose is involved in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in many organisms. We found that trehalose is required for eliciting HR on eggplant by plant pathogen Rsi PW1001. In R. solanacearum, it is known that the OtsA/OtsB pathway is the dominant trehalose synthesis pathway, and otsA and otsB encode trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) synthase and T6P phosphatase, respectively. We generated otsA and otsB mutant strains and found that these mutant strains reduced the bacterial trehalose concentration and HR induction on eggplant leaves compared to wild-type. Trehalose functions intracellularly in Rsi PW1001 because addition of exogenous trehalose did not affect the HR level and ion leakage. Requirement of trehalose in HR induction is not common in R. solanacearum species complex because mutation of otsA in Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (former name: Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype I) RS1002 did not affect HR on the leaves of its non-host tobacco and wild eggplant Solanum torvum. Further, we also found that each otsA and otsB mutant had reduced ability to grow in a medium containing NaCl and sucrose, indicating that trehalose also has an important role in osmotic stress tolerance.
Identification of a Cupin Protein Gene Responsible for Pathogenicity, Phage Susceptibility and LPS Synthesis of Acidovorax citrulli
Authors: Rahimi-Midani Aryan , Kim Min-Jung , Choi Tae-Jin
Published: December 2021

Bacteriophages infecting Acidovorax citrulli, the causal agent of bacterial fruit blotch, have been proven to be effective for the prevention and control of this disease. However, the occurrence of bacteriophage-resistant bacteria is one of hurdles in phage biocontrol and the understanding of phage resistance in this bacterium is an essential step. In this study, we aim to investigate possible phage resistance of A. citrulli and relationship between phage resistance and pathogenicity, and to isolate and characterize the genes involved in these phenomena. A phage-resistant and less-virulent mutant named as AC-17-G1 was isolated among 3,264 A. citrulli Tn5 mutants through serial spot assays and plaque assays followed by pathogenicity test using seed coating method. The mutant has the integrated Tn5 in the middle of a cupin protein gene. This mutant recovered its pathogenicity and phage sensitivity by complementation with corresponding wild-type gene. Site-directed mutation of this gene from wild-type by CRISPR/Cas9 system resulted in the loss of pathogenicity and acquisition of phage resistance. The growth of AC-17-G1 in King’s B medium was much less than the wild-type, but the growth turned into normal in the medium supplemented with D-mannose 6-phosphate or D-fructose 6-phosphate indicating the cupin protein functions as a phosphomannos isomerase. Sodium dodecyl sulfa analysis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) extracted from the mutant was smaller than that from wild-type. All these data suggest that the cupin protein is a phosphomannos isomerase involved in LPS synthesis, and LPS is an important determinant of pathogenicity and phage susceptibility of A. citrulli.
Analisis Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Perputaran Modal Kerja dan Solvabilitas terhadap Profitabilitas pada Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar di Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia
Authors: Pasaribu Fadhila Amalia , Ovami Debbi Chyntia
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh struktur modal, perputaran modal kerja dan solvabilitas terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan yang terdaftar di Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia tahun 2018-2020. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kantor Bursa Efek Indonesia Cabang Sumatera Utara. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan yang terdaftar di Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI) tahun 2018-2020. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan diperoleh 21 perusahaan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dengan model random effect dengan bantuan program Eviews 9. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial struktur modal berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, perputaran modal kerja berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap profitabilitas dan solvabilitas berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Secara simultan struktur modal, perputaran modal kerja dan solvabilitas berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) dalam penelitian ini sebesar 0,167864 berarti variabel independen mampu menjelaskan variasi variabel dependen hanya sebesar 16,78%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 83,22% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain di luar model.
Analisis Penilaian Harga Wajar Saham Dengan Metode Dividend Discount Model Pada PT Jasamarga Tbk
Authors: Hasibuan M.Anggra , Harahap Ardhansyah Putra
Published: December 2021

Fair Value adalah konsep yang digunakan dalam ekonomi dan keuangan serta akuntansi,. Fair value merupakan estimasi rasional dan tidak biasa atas harga pasar potensial dari barang, jasa atau asset dengan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor seperti kelangkaan, karakteristik risiko, replacement cost, serta biaya produksi dan distribusi, termasuk Cost Of Capital. Fair Value dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai metode valuasi salah satunya metode valuasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan Dividen Discount Model. Penulisan ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapa harga wajar saham PT. Jasamarga Tbk dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan Dividen Discount Model dan bagaimana keputusan investasi yang harus diambil oleh investor. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penulisan ilmiah ini adalah analisis kuantitatif dengan menghitung estimasi pertumbuhan deviden, Cost Of Equity dan Value Of Equity. Harga wajar saham PT. Jasamarga Tbk dengan Metode Dividen Discount Model, menunjukkan sebesar Rp. 4.340,- atau bersifat Overvalued yang artinya harga pasar saham lebih tinggi dari harga wajar PT. Jasamarga Tbk dan keputusan investasi yang sebaiknya dilakukan adalah tidak membeli saham pada sekarang ini dan menjual (Sell) bagi investor yang telah memiliki saham tersebut.
Alienación versus pensamiento crítico del profesor de matemáticas
Authors: Torres-Duarte José
Published: December 2021

Presentamos una actualización de la alienación posmarxista que consiste en verla como formas de autorrealización y autooptimización que produce no sólo la alienación del profesor de matemáticas, sino del otro como estudiante o colega. La alienación es producida los discursos de optimización de la enseñanza-aprendizaje y aplicación de las matemáticas, e implementación de la mentalidad de rendimiento, evaluación y juzgamiento de resultados en los procesos de educación matemática. Nos percibimos objetos funcionales a un sistema que exige rendimiento propio y de los demás, alienándonos progresivamente. Recuperamos algunos aspectos de la mirada marxista y los complementamos con la foucaultiana. El análisis del discurso foucaultiano nos permitirá mostrar cómo algunos discursos de la educación matemática nos alienan y opacan nuestro pensamiento crítico. Presentamos tres situaciones que ejemplifican cómo los discursos de la educación matemática pueden crear la ficción de bondad o altruismo, pero al ser objeto del pensamiento crítico –entendido éste como la actitud de desestabilizar, socavar o contrarrestar, dentro de las relaciones de poder, lo que los discursos hegemónicos hacen ver y decir como bueno, necesario, neutral– aparece el estado de alienación. Finalmente presentamos unas reflexiones para recuperar la potencia de nuestro pensamiento crítico orientado al ejercicio de libertad y resistencia.
Formação de professores de Matemática e os conhecimentos necessários à docência com tecnologias digitais
Authors: Lobo da Costa Nielce Meneguelo
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste texto é o de promover reflexões sobre o papel que as Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) têm desempenhado na formação docente, bem como no ensino de Matemática. A discussão se baseia nas pesquisas empreendidas pelo grupo de pesquisa ao qual pertenço, sob três perspectivas: integração de tecnologias ao ensino; conhecimentos e competências necessárias à docência em Matemática com tecnologia digital; processos formativos que favorecem o desenvolvimento profissional. Tais pesquisas têm sido focadas na formação inicial e continuada de professores. As bases teóricas que nos têm subsidiado tanto a investigar a base de conhecimentos e as competências necessárias ao professor de matemática para ensinar utilizando tecnologias digitais, quanto a pesquisar processos formativos que favoreçam a construção de conhecimentos pelos docentes, vêm dos estudos sobre: 1) conhecimento profissional docente e conhecimento pedagógico e tecnológico do conteúdo (TPACK), 2) processos de apropriação e apropriação tecnológica, 3) gênese instrumental, 4) competência digital e 5) professional noticing (olhar profissional ou mirada profesional). No texto listamos as pesquisas empreendidas e discutimos as bases teóricas que as subsidiaram, apresentando o que concluímos até o presente.
Comprensiones de la "Situación Desencadenante de Aprendizaje" y el "Problema Desencadenante" expresados en investigaciones académicas
Authors: Mota Oliveira Natalia , Panossian Maria Lucia
Published: December 2021

Con el fin de contribuir a la continuidad de las discusiones teóricas sobre conceptos relacionados con la Actividad Orientadora de Enseñanza (Moura et al., 2016), este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo reconocer qué se entiende sobre “Situación Desencadenante de Aprendizaje”, expresas en las producciones académicas. La recopilación de datos se produjo en búsquedas realizadas en el portal de revistas CAPES y en el Currículo Lattes de los miembros del Grupo de Estudio e Investigación de la Actividad Pedagógica (GEPAPe). En el análisis, se constató que existen dos entendimientos predominantes: que la Situación Desencadenante de Aprendizaje es una situación problema en sí misma y que la Situación Desencadenante de Aprendizaje es una situación de enseñanza que contiene un Problema Desencadenante. Al final de la investigación, se defiende el segundo entendimiento como más amplio y que engloba al primero, siendo una posibilidad de entendimiento teórico sobre las relaciones entre la Situación Desencadenante de Aprendizaje y el Problema Desencadenante, dos elementos importantes para la organización de la enseñanza desde los principios de la Actividad Orientadora de Enseñanza. Por lo tanto, la Situación Desencadenante de Aprendizaje y el Problema Desencadenante, aunque distintos, dependen entre sí y están fuertemente.
Pengembangan pendidikan karakter dan budaya bangsa berwawasan kearifan lokal
Authors: Ronald Tambunan James
Published: December 2021

Dunia pendidikan saat ini masih menampung banyak masalah. Program pemerataan dan peningkatan kualitas pendidikan belum menampakkan hasil seperti yang diharapkan. Jumlah anak usia pendidikan dasar yang berada di luar sistem pendidikan nasional masih sangat besar. Kualitas pendidikan pun masih relatif rendah. Sumberdaya manusia yang berkarakter sebagaimana diungkapkan di atas dapat dicapai melalui pendidikan yang berorientasi pada pembentukan jiwa entrepreneurship, yaitu jiwa keberanian dan ke-mauan menghadapi problema hidup dan kehidupan secara wajar, jiwa kreatif untuk mencari solusi dan mengatasi problema tersebut, dan jiwa mandiri dan tidak ber-gantung pada orang lain. Salah satu jiwa entrepreneurship yang perlu dikembangkan melalui pendidikan adalah karakter yang bersumber dari budaya bangsa. Pendidikan karakter berpijak dari karakter dasar manusia, yang bersumber dari nilai moral universal (bersifat absolut) yang disebut sebagai kaidah emas (the golden rule). Pendidikan karakter dapat memiliki tujuan yang pasti apabila berpijak dari nilai-nilai karakter dasar sebagaimana diungkapkan di atas. Penyelenggaraan pendidikan karakter di sekolah harus ber-pijak pada nilai-nilai karakter dasar, yang selanjutnya dikembangkan menjadi nilai-nilai yang lebih banyak atau lebih tinggi (yang bersifat tidak absolut atau bersifat relatif) sesuai dengan kebutuhan, kondisi, dan lingkungan sekolah itu sendiri (Sudrajad, 2010). Pembentukan karakter dimulai dari keinginan untuk mengetahui serta melakukan hal yang baik agar tercipta kebiasaan, baik dihati, pikiran, maupun perilaku. Dalam membentuk karakter positif, peserta didik perlu mengetahui alasan mengapa berbuat baik, merasakan hal yang baik, dan melakukan hal yang baik. Perlunya lingkungan belajar yang positif dan peduli yang ditandai dengan penuh kasih sayang, penuh dengan kepedulian, kompetensi guru dan staf sekolah yang memberikan inspirasi dan bebas dari berbagai bentuk tindak kekerasan, serta pendidikan yang inklusif.
JEJAK NANSARUNAI DAN TANTANGAN GLOBALISASI
Authors: Effrata Effrata
Published: December 2021

Nansarunai disebut dalam sebuah nyanyian (wadian) dari masyarakat asli, yaitu masyarakat dayak maanyan. Menurut Sutopo Ukip Bae, dkk. (2000: tanpa halaman) nansarunai yang terdiri dari masyarakat maanyan sudah mendiami DAS Barito jauh sebelum muncul kerajaan Dipa, sebagai hasil penaklukan Majapahit. Wilayah kekuasaan nansarunai diyakini berada diwilayah sekitar sungai tabalong.  Nansarunai adalah sebuah kerajaan yang makmur pada masanya, banyak pendapat dan temuan-temuan yang memperlihatkan hasil yang berbeda tentang nansarunai, akan tetapi suku dayak maanyan tetap percaya pada cerita turun-temurun yang diwariskan oleh nenek moyang utus nansarunai. Oleh sebab itu tulisan ini akan membahas tentang bagaimana cara generasi dayak maanyan mempertahankan eksistensi dan sejarah nansarunai di tengah tantangan globalisasi.

Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian deskriftif karena data yang dikumpulkan berupa kata-kata, gambar dan bukan berupa angka. Metode penelitian deskriptif yaitu mengupayakan suatu penelitian dengan cara menggambarkan secara sistematis, faktual, dan akurat mengenai fakta dari suatu peristiwa serta sifat-sifat dari individu dan keadaan masyarakat. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan ialah pendekatan kualitatif. Menurut Bogdan dan Guba, metode penelitian  kualitatif adalah prosedur penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang-orang dan perilaku yang diamati.

Orang-orang nansarunai zaman dahulu menyimpan sesuatu lewat bunyi dan gambar, sehingga yang sampai pada generasi-generasi selanjutnya adalah berupa perkataan dan pemahaman yang hanya dipahami oleh orang-orang dayak maanyan karna memang mereka telah diajarkan dari turun temurun. Sebagai contoh pada saat upacara-upacara yang mengunakan bahasa-bahasa yang hanya mereka yang paham. Semula semuanya didengarkan dihapalkan, baru kemudian dituliskan dalam bentuk aksara. Budaya nansarunai adalah tahap awal dari peradaban bunyi dan gambar, belum menuju aksara. Di tengah tantangan globalisasi cara menjaga eksistensi budaya nansarunai adalah dengan memperkaya pengetahuan tiap individu untuk mempelajari dan melestarikian budaya agar tidak punah.
TATA KELOLA PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAH DESA
Authors: Lestariono Wijoko , Susanti Linda
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini mengkaji Tata Kelola Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Desa (Studi Pemerintahan Desa Mekar Jaya Kecamatan Parenggean). Masalah penelitian ini berbicara Tata Kelola Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Desa di Desa Mekar Jaya dalam daya upaya penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa bersama masyarakat diantaranya dalam hal ini pembangunan desa dan peningkatan sumber daya manusia. Berdasarkan undang-undang No.6 Tahun 2014 tentang desa, maka setiap desa diharapkan dapat melakukan perubahan tata kelola Desa baik dari segi pembangunan, struktur lembaga, pemberdayaan masyarakat dan proses pemerintahan dalam mewujudkan pemerintahan yang efektif. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana penerapan undang-undang No.6 Tahun 2014 tentang desa dan faktor-faktor terbitnya undang-undang No.6 Tahun 2014 tentang desa

Jenis penelitian menggunakan tipe penelitian kualitatif dengan analisi deskriptif. Sumber data yang diperoleh yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara dan melalui kajian literatur pustaka. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu teknik analisa secara kualitatif yang selanjutnya disajikan secara deskriptif. Adapun kerangka konseptual dan teoritis yang penulis gunakan yaitu teori implementasi kebijakan , teori otonomi daerah dan teori good governance.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk mewujudkan pemerintahan yang baik dalam hal ini pada Tata Kelola Penyelenggaraan Pemerintah desa pada penerapan dan faktor-faktor terbitnya UU No.6 Tahun 2014 ada 10 prinsip yang harus diterapkan, empat diantaranya yaitu 1. Pengawasan 2. Daya Tanggap 3. Transparansi 4. Partisipasi. Faktor-faktor yang mendukung penerapan UU No.6 tahun 2014 di desa majannang diantaranya 1. Kondisi lingkungan; 2.SDM aparatur; 3. Masyarakat
Nghiên cứu phương pháp quản trị khoản phải thu để giảm thiểu rủi ro tín dụng thương mại trong các công ty kinh doanh vật liệu xây dựng
Authors: Thủy Nguyễn Thị Thu
Published: December 2021

Sử dụng tín dụng thương mại diễn ra rất phổ biến trong các ngành sản xuất, xây dựng và khoản phải thu của các công ty trong những ngành này thường chiếm một tỷ lệ đáng kể trong tổng tài sản. Mặc dù vậy hầu hết các công ty thường chưa coi trọng việc quản trị khoản phải thu mà chỉ làm theo cảm tính hoặc kinh nghiệm, vì vậy không phát huy được hết hiệu quả sử dụng vốn lưu động, thậm chí làm gia tăng các khoản nợ quá hạn, nợ khó đòi. Nghiên cứu này xây dựng một phương pháp quản trị khoản phải thu thông qua đánh giá khách hàng giúp các công ty bán chịu lựa chọn được các khách hàng đáp ứng được tiêu chuẩn bán chịu theo hướng giảm rủi ro thu hồi nợ mà vẫn đảm bảo tính cạnh tranh của doanh nghiệp.
Evolución de la identidad institucional en Andalucía
Authors: López Marín Enrique
Published: December 2021

A comienzos de 2020 la identidad visual de la Junta de Andalucía fue modificada sustancialmente, al ser reemplazado por el gobierno regional el símbolo identificador y el logotipo de la comunidad. El símbolo escogido, basado en la letra “A” como inicial de Andalucía, ha sido motivo de críticas desde diversos sectores de la población. Más allá de la pertinencia o lo acertado o no de la decisión, creemos que es interesante hacer una reflexión sobre los mecanismos de elección de la identidad —y sus consecuencias— en las instituciones públicas, y en particular de la que nos ocupa, la Junta de Andalucía.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF CARBON
NANOPARTICLES ADDITIVE ON SELECTED PROPERTIES
OF LUBRICATING OILS
Authors: Frycz Marcin , Labuda Mateusz
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the results of an analysis of the influence of the addition of various types of carbon
nanoparticles on selected essential physical and operational properties of lubricating oils. Two selected oils,
i.e. the mineral base oil without additives and the typical marine lubricating circulating oil Marinol RG 1240,
were modified with the addition of shungite nanoparticles, graphite nanotubes, and C60 fullerenes. The mass
fraction of modifiers was 0.2% wt for each of the additives. As part of the experimental tests, measurements
were made of the impact of the above-mentioned modifiers on the change in the value of the ignition
temperature of oils, the effect on the changes in the value of the dynamic viscosity coefficient in the aspect of
changes of temperature and shear rate, as well as the impact on the changes in the friction coefficient and the
size of the wear size scar. These tests were carried out on an EraFlash automatic apparatus for determining
ignition temperature using the closed cup method, with a Haake Mars III research rheometer, and a T-02U
tribometer with a four-ball head.
Conversion of Cellulose into Value-Added Products
Authors: D. Mthembu Lethiwe , Gupta Rishi , Deenadayalu Nirmala
Published: December 2021

Rapid industrialization has led to development of various platform chemicals and fossil fuel refinery is one of the mainstreams for their production. However continuous depletion of fossil fuels reserves has led an urge to look for alternate source of feedstocks. Among various renewable sources, biomass is found to be most sustainable as it is replaced naturally. Biomass by virtue of its nature is comprised of various recalcitrant polymers and cellulose is one of them, which can be used for the generation of various platform chemicals. This chapter gives a background of cellulose and illustrate platform chemicals that can be produced from cellulose.
Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Africa Embracing the “New Normal” for Knowledge Production and Innovation: Barriers, Realities, and Possibilities
Authors: B. Mugimu Christopher
Published: December 2021

If Africa is to remain relevant and competitive in today’s knowledge-based economy, it has to rely on higher education institutions (HEIs) as centers of excellence for knowledge production. HEIs nurture and sustain the production of highly-skilled individuals to support Africa’s growing economies. Among all possible ways, this could be achievable through strategic curricula innovation driven by emerging mobile technologies. Consequently, Africa’s HEIs need to embrace the ‘New Normal’ by optimizing online teaching and learning in their pursuit to expand information and communications technology (ICT) literacy as a means to increase students’ opportunities in higher education (HE). However, Africa’s ability to embrace the ‘New Normal’ has been marred by inadequate ICT infrastructures, low connectivity, unreliable power supply, and national budget constraints that may undermine Africa’s HEIs’ potential to augment knowledge production and innovation.
Parental Alienation: In the Child’s Worst Interest
Authors: C. Silva Teresa
Published: December 2021

Parental alienation (PA) is a form of childhood emotional abuse in which one parent instrumentally uses the child to inflict psychological harm on the other parent for revenge. The consequences of parental alienating behaviours range from mild (e.g., the child shows a certain resistance towards visiting the targeted parent but warm parenting is still possible) to severe, where the positive affective parent–child bond is severed and extremely difficult to reinstate under family therapy. In PA processes, parenting is disrupted with the targeted parent and dysfunctional with the alienating parent. Consequently, the child is at a high risk of developing internalising (e.g., depression, anxiety) and externalising (e.g., use of drugs/alcohol, violence) problems during later developmental stages and through the lifespan. Although the prevalence and severity of PA cases in our societies are largely unknown, in part because the construct is still an ongoing debate among academics, practitioners and family justice professionals, different authors defend that it should be treated as a public health problem. Early prevention should be the primary objective and family justice, child protection and mental health services must coordinate efforts to support the families and promote the best conditions for the development of affected children.
Time-Series Analysis of Crustal Deformation on Longstanding Transcurrent Fault: Structural Diversity along Median Tectonic Line, Southwest Japan, and Tectonic Implications
Authors: Itoh Yasuto
Published: December 2021

The Median Tectonic Line (MTL) along the longstanding convergent margin of eastern Eurasia has been activated intermittently since ca. 100 Ma. In its incipient phase, propagating strike slips on the MTL generated an elongate pull-apart depression buried by voluminous clastics of the Late Cretaceous Izumi Group. In this study, the complicated deformation processes around this regional arc-bisecting fault are unraveled through a series of quantitative analyses. Our geological survey of the Izumi Group was exclusively conducted in an area of diverse fault morphology, such as jogs and steps. The phase stripping method was introduced to elucidate the time sequence of cumulative tectonic events. After stripping away the initial structure related to basin formation, neotectonic signatures were successfully categorized into discrete clusters originating from progressive wrenching near the active MTL fault system, which has been reactivated by the Quaternary oblique subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate. The method presented here is simple and effective for the detection and evaluation of active crustal failures in mobile belts where records of multiphase architectural buildup coexist.
Life-Threatening Cardiac Arrhythmias during Anesthesia and Surgery
Authors: Md. Noor Zuraini
Published: December 2021

Life-threatening arrhythmias are frequently encountered during anesthesia for cardiac or non-cardiac surgery. They result in a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in elderly patients. Predisposing factors like electrolytes abnormalities, pre-existing cardiac disease, intubation procedure, anesthetic medications, and various surgical stimulation need to be determined. Early diagnosis and commencement of an appropriate treatment protocol may be lifesaving. Treatment usually involves correction of the underlying causes, cardiac electroversion, and the use of one or more antiarrhythmic agents. Although ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, torsade de pointes, and pulseless electrical activity are considered malignant arrhythmias that can lead to cardiac arrest, other types of Brady and tachyarrhythmias are also included in this chapter to enable adopting a more objective approach in the management of arrhythmias intraoperatively, avoiding risks of inappropriate management strategies.
Logistics Chain and Cost Assessment of Pruning-to-Energy Value Chains: Application of Life Cycle Cost Analysis Approach
Authors: Bosona Techane , Gebresenbet Girma
Published: December 2021

Biomass from agricultural residue has significant potential as renewable energy resource. Therefore, cost-efficient processing and supply of agricultural residues are important to strategically plan and utilize this energy resource. This chapter describes the agricultural pruning to energy (PtE) value chains and presents the life cycle cost analysis (LCCA)-based cost assessment results, focusing on almond and peach tree pruning data obtained from Spain during 2015–2016. Along the main life cycle stages of PtE system, costs of harvesting, off-farm storage, transport, biomass loss, and management of biomass supply chain were considered. In terms of functional unit cost, the life cycle cost (LCC) was calculated to be about 126 €/t for almond PtE and 115 €/t for peach PtE value chain. In both cases, the harvesting stage was found to be cost at hot stage followed by the storage stage. The cost at harvesting stage was about 83% (of 126 €/t) and 82% (of 115 €/t) in the case of almond and peach cases, respectively. Similarly, the share of operational cost was about 74% and 76% for almond and peach cases, respectively. Therefore, more efforts should be made to improve the performance of logistics operations and management of such PtE initiatives.
Treatment of Wastewater by Nanofiltration
Authors: Amine Didi M.
Published: December 2021

In recent years, some countries have implemented regulations governing aqueous discharges. With a view to sustainable development, manufacturers are looking for wastewater treatment technologies to control their discharges. Nanofiltration seems particularly suitable for the separation characteristics that it allows with regard to the size of the target molecules. Pollution by rare earths and heavy metals affects groundwater and surface water. This changed the quality of the water and made it unsafe to use. Water pollution is a big problem, given the diversity of sources and characteristics of polluting species, the main ones being industrial, urban and agricultural discharges, generated by human activity. The great difficulty being that heavy metals are not biodegradable and tend to accumulate in living organisms (fish, mollusks, vegetables, etc.) consumed by humans. For these concerns, environmental laws have become more severe. For this, the treatment of aqueous effluents has become important. It can be concluded that separation and purification chemistry is an area of topical research. The discharges coming from the industry contain heavy metals (chromium, copper, zinc, nickel, iron, cobalt, cadmium, lead, …) which are harmful for the human health, the fauna and flora. It is necessary to be well controlled. This chapter presents a study of nanofiltration for industrial wastewater treatment.
Evaluation of the Use of Advanced Ozone Oxidative Process in Reducing the Danger of Environmental Toxicity by Endocrine Interferences of Magistral Pharmacy
Authors: Francinne Thais , Zucco Bez Suellen , Carolina Soares Julia , Martins da Rosa Sabrina , Mirian Paszuck Aline , Ferreira Karsten Luciana , Henrique Pinto Luciano
Published: December 2021

The presence of emerging pollutants in the waters has been observed worldwide, resulting from improper domestic disposal, non-recommended veterinarian use, and product waste from pharmaceutical industries and magistral pharmacies. The contamination provoked, besides causing damage to the environment, remains in potable water even after passing through the treatment plants. The objective of this work was to verify the existence of environmental toxicity of raw effluents from gross pharmacy laboratories, as well as the same effluent treated with POA via ozone in the time of 1 hour, having as a risk parameter the changes that they cause in Euglena gracilis algae. Photosynthetic efficiency tests were conducted via PAM, and chlorophyll concentration and behavioral evaluation were checked via NGTOX. The results demonstrate that the hormone laboratory was considered the most impacted effluent treated, with lower production and significant chlorophyll reduction. It presented reduction in photosynthetic post-ozonation activity, due to the hormone decomposition, oxidative potential and ethylene formation. Effluents from psychotropic and solid laboratories presented different production demand, but similar follow-up, with impact on the behavior and algae’s photosynthetic activity, due to the presence of active substances on cellular action potentials. The treated effluent from dermocosmetics laboratory influenced the chlorophyll concentration, as well as the general speed and velocity of surface ascent. The behavioral differences between the laboratories and the pre and post-ozonation conditions demonstrate that the effluent treatment should be distinguished, according to the characteristics of the manipulated substances in each laboratory.
Graves Disease in Childhood
Authors: Mittal Madhukar , Ganakumar Vanishri
Published: December 2021

Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies against thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSH-R), resulting in stimulation of thyroid gland and overproduction of thyroid hormones resulting in clinical manifestations. It is uncommon in children and is 6 times more prevalent in females. The symptomatology, clinical and biochemical severity are a function of age of onset of disease. Prepubertal children tend to present with weight loss and bowel frequency, associated with accelerated growth and bone maturation. Older children are more likely to present with the classical symptoms of thyrotoxicosis like palpitations, tremors and heat intolerance. Prepubertal children tend to have a more severe disease, longer duration of complaints and higher thyroid hormone levels at presentation than the pubertal and postpubertal children. The non-specificity of some of the symptoms in pediatric age group can lead to children being initially seen by other specialities before being referred to endocrinology. Management issues are decided based on patient’s priorities and shared decision making between patient and treating physician. Radioactive Iodine Ablation is preferred when there is relatively higher value placed on Definitive control of hyperthyroidism, Avoidance of surgery, and potential side effects of ATDs. Similarly Antithyroid drugs are chosen when a relatively higher value is placed on possibility of remission and avoidance of lifelong thyroid hormone treatment, Avoidance of surgery, Avoidance of exposure to radioactivity. Surgery is preferred when access to a high-volume thyroid surgeon is available and a relatively higher value is on prompt and definitive control of hyperthyroidism, avoidance of exposure to radioactivity and avoidance of potential side effects of ATDs. Continental differences with regards to management do exist; radio-iodine ablation being preferred in North America while Anti-thyroid drug treatment remains the initial standard care in Europe.
Graves’ Disease
Authors: Bakshi Vasudha , Rajeev Kumar Gollapalli
Published: December 2021

Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune thyroid disorder where autoantibodies are produced against TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) receptor causing thyrotoxicosis. It is characterized by goiter, ophthalmopathy, and occasionally pretibial myxedema. The autoimmune mechanism causing disease is not well understood and it is complex. It involves multifactorial etiology involving environmental and genetic factors. Smoking and positive family history contributing to the development of GD. GD can be diagnosed based on the clinical manifestation and demonstrating low concentration of TSHs, high TRab (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone receptor autoantibodies), and high FT4 (Free thyroxine) concentration. Current treatment options aimed at stable restoration of euthyroidism by following different modalities of suppressing thyroid gland using antithyroid drugs, removing/ablating thyroid gland by surgery, and radioactive iodine treatment with iodine- 131.
Meticulous Endorsement of Black Seed and Jambolana: A Scientific Review
Authors: Farhana Nikhat
Published: December 2021

The repository of traditional, historical and cultural heritage of natural prophylactic medicine to treat different disease, disorder and its aliment is limitless and time-immemorial. As per the hadith narrated by Ibn Abbas (RA), Prophet Muhammed specifically mentioned about Sulayman (AS) recorded the name and use of many herbal medicinal remedies after construction of his castle (Ibn Asakri’s Mukhtasar Tareekh Dimashq 3.393), in addition to it, Prophet Muhammed use to recommend 65 different herbal prophylactic medicines which are scientifically proved to be highly effective against almost all types of ailments, among this repository of 65, while prescribing the NS Prophet Muhammed narrated “use this black seeds regularly it is having the properties to cure all disease (ailment) except death (An authentic hadith narrated by Abu Hurayrah (RA) and recorded by Bukhari, Muslim Ahmad Ibn Majah). This in-depth review specially articulated to elaborate phytochemical, pharmacological and mechanistic approach to bring out the properties of not only NS but in addition, it focusing on the important properties of EJ. Preliminarily to say NS claim to have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hepato-protective, neuro-protective, gastro-protective and other useful activity are due to two important constituents Thymoquinone (TQ) and NS oil (NSO). TQ has interaction with human serum albumin. Seeds containing volatile oils mainly Melanthin showed toxicity at larger doses. Whereas, EJ simultaneously proved its effectiveness underutilized fruit, crops are nutritious bearing wide range of pharmaceuticals properties. EJ fruit is highly perishable and is mainly used for the diabetes patients, it is well known as a traditional medicinal plant having essential bioactive compounds which are present in all parts of the plant. The major bioactive compounds present in the EJ roots are phytosterols, flavonoids, carotenoids, myricetin, oxalic acid, gallic acid, citronellol, cyanidin diglucoside, hotrienol, and polyphenols as well as micronutrients having many health benefits. It is also a good source of anthocyanin and effective against numerous health problems and act as chemo-preventive, radioprotective and demonstrating antineoplastic properties. The ripe fruits are pleasant, astringent taste and are eaten either raw or processed into different products mainly vinegar, jam, jellies and squash. The jambolana seed contains alkaloid, jambosine, and glycoside jambolin or antimellin. To be concluded, NS and EJ both bearing similar therapeutic and pharmacological endorsement with different remarkable biological active molecule, which will become future reference to find out the natural way to cure untreatable disease and its disorder such as HIV-Aids, Cancer and recent outbreak, etc. according to narration made by Prophet Muhammed .
Comparison of Direct Sequencing with Real-time PCR High Resolution Melt and PCR Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis to Identify Clinically Important Candida Species
Authors: Yassin Zeynab , Shirvani Fariba , Fattahi Mahsa
Published: December 2021

Background: Candida albicans is the predominant yeast reported from human infection. Non-albicans Candida species have been recently developed as medically vital fungi. Therefore, it is essential to detect and identify the pathogens at the species level to prescribe appropriate treatment. Methods: This study assessed two complementary methods, including real-time polymerase chain reaction-high resolution melt (PCR-HRM) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length morphism (PCR-RFLP) with standard PCR and Sanger sequencing as the benchmark. Results: In total, 66 samples were tested, and two newly-advanced assays were more effective and displayed comprehensive concordance (66/66, 100%) with Sanger sequencing outcomes. Moreover, accurate and economical tests were positively advanced by real-time PCR-HRM for C. albicans and C. parapsilosis complexes. Conclusions: Given the number of studies performed on the comparison of sensitivity and specificity of phenotypic and genotypic methods to diagnose and identify invasive fungal pathogens and the findings of this study, it could be stated that the correlative PCR-HRM and PCR-RFLP methods were effectively advanced as substitutes for conventional Sanger sequencing for the reasonable identification. However, supplementary evaluations and confirming studies should be carried out with a broad range of samples to standardize this method for routine application in medical laboratories.
Joseph Zobel: Négritude and the Novel
Authors: Hardwick Louise
Published: December 2021

Joseph Zobel (1915-2006) is one of the best-known Francophone Caribbean authors, and is internationally recognized for his novel La Rue Cases-Nègres (1950). Yet very little is known about his other novels, and most readings of La Rue Cases-Nègres consider the text in isolation. Through a series of close readings of the author’s six published novels, with supporting references drawn from his published short stories, poetry and diaries, Joseph Zobel: Négritude and the Novel generates new insights into Zobel’s highly original decision to develop Négritude’s project of affirming pride in black identity through the novel and social realism. The study establishes how, influenced by the American Harlem Renaissance movement, Zobel expands the scope of Négritude by introducing new themes and stylistic innovations which herald a new kind of social realist French Caribbean literature. These discoveries in turn challenge and alter the current understanding of Francophone Caribbean literature during the Négritude period, in addition to contributing to changes in the current understanding of Caribbean and American literature more broadly understood.
PTFE Partial Arc Bearing for Large Water-lubricated Tail-shafts
Authors: Sada Hiroyuki , Tanaka Tomohiro , Kikkawa Fumitaka , Kachu Yoshimasa , Hawkins David W.
Published: December 2021

PTFE (Poly-Tetra-Fluoro-Ethylene) is a well-known bearing material used to provide low friction for water-lubricated shafts. Partial arc design bearings are attracting keen interest due to reduce friction, since it develops a hydrodynamic film even in water lubrication. However, the application of both PTFE material and a partial arc design is limited to small bearings, because conventional PTFE partial arc bearings are manufacture in ring form and PTFE rings have strict limitation in size. In this paper, a newly developed, PTFE partial arc bearing for large water-lubricated tail-shafts is outlined. Friction, wear and deformation properties of the new bearing are described. In addition, wear life prediction is proposed for the PTFE partial arc bearing.
A Panel Method for the Hydrodynamic Performance
Prediction of a Water-jet and an Inducer
Authors: Kinnas Spyros A. , Chang Shu-Hao , Valsaraj Alokraj
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the analyses of the hydrodynamic performance for a marine water-jet propulsor and a rocket engine turbo pump inducer by using a potential flow solver based on a low order panel method. The steady and unsteady fully-wetted and cavitating simulations for the water-jet rotor only problem are investigated and the steady fully-wetted simulation for the inducer is studied in this paper. The convergence studies of rotor averaged cavitating circulation distributions with number of panels on the blade and with different time step sizes are presented in the water-jet case. Finally, the predictions of the hydrodynamic performance for the water-jet pump and the inducer from the present method are validated against existing experimental data or numerical results from RANS solvers.
NIST time and frequency bulletin :
Authors: Rodriguez Kelsey
Published: December 2021

The Time and Frequency Bulletin provides information on performance of time scales and a variety of broadcasts (and related information) to users of the NIST services.
La Malinche, una Eva indígena: asociaciones misóginas y subversiones simbólicas
Authors: Ávalos Torres Antonia
Published: December 2021

Hay mujeres, como la Malinche, Lilith, Eva, que, más allá de su componente histórico, desde una mirada más simbólica son también ejemplos desde los que descubrir los recorridos de la misoginia y su presencia en asociaciones comunes arraigadas en los imaginarios populares. En este artículo, recordaremos primero las representaciones de lo femenino asociadas a Lilith y Eva (frente a su antítesis: la Virgen María) para, después, gracias a estas inspiraciones, repensar la figura de la Malinche, en cuyo nombre y mito está inscrita unavisión misógina que se ha ido imponiendo poderosamente. A pesar de ello, al igual que otros recorridos de la misoginia, el mito de la Malinche no ha borrado del todo las huellas simbólicas que dejan abierto el camino de su subversión.
Criminología feminista. Una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Méndez Hernández Julia
Published: December 2021

sumenEl objetivo de este artículo es aportar una revisión bibliográfica de la criminología feminista. Para ello, primeramente, se hará referencia a los antecedentes y el origen patriarcal de la criminología, para después trazar un itinerario del origen y desarrollo de esta rama y posteriormente, exponer las áreas con más peso dentro de ésta. La poca presencia o incluso el desconocimiento de la criminología feminista en el ámbito académico o entre los profesionales de la criminología en general es algo a enmendar si queremos avanzar hacia una criminología no androcéntrica. Por ello, la pretensión de este artículo es ofrecer una recopilaciónde las publicaciones que han marcado el devenir de la criminología feminista.
Las domesticadas y el primer arquetipo femenino. Pandora.
Authors: Pozo García Vanessa
Published: December 2021

El esfuerzo poético de Hesíodo proporcionará el primer arquetipo de mujer: Pandora. Construida como oposición al varón y sin garantías de la condición humana, su naturaleza es oscura y destructiva. La matriarca del genos femenino es la introductora del mal y la primera amante del engaño, del artificio y de la mentira. Esta caracterización hesiódica, basada en el determinismo biológico, se impondrá a todas las mujeres y permitirá la justificación del patriarcado. Pues la única forma de contener el peligro de la mujer es su domesticación, su amansamiento, a través del matrimonio.
Molecular architecture of the human tRNA ligase complex
Authors: Kroupova Alena , Ackle Fabian , Asanović Igor , Weitzer Stefan , Boneberg Franziska M , Faini Marco , Leitner Alexander , Chui Alessia , Aebersold Ruedi , Martinez Javier , Jinek Martin
Published: December 2021

RtcB enzymes are RNA ligases that play essential roles in tRNA splicing, unfolded protein response, and RNA repair. In metazoa, RtcB functions as part of a five-subunit tRNA ligase complex (tRNA-LC) along with Ddx1, Cgi-99, Fam98B, and Ashwin. The human tRNA-LC or its individual subunits have been implicated in additional cellular processes including microRNA maturation, viral replication, DNA double-strand break repair, and mRNA transport. Here, we present a biochemical analysis of the inter-subunit interactions within the human tRNA-LC along with crystal structures of the catalytic subunit RTCB and the N-terminal domain of CGI-99. We show that the core of the human tRNA-LC is assembled from RTCB and the C-terminal alpha-helical regions of DDX1, CGI-99, and FAM98B, all of which are required for complex integrity. The N-terminal domain of CGI-99 displays structural homology to calponin-homology domains, and CGI-99 and FAM98B associate via their N-terminal domains to form a stable subcomplex. The crystal structure of GMP-bound RTCB reveals divalent metal coordination geometry in the active site, providing insights into its catalytic mechanism. Collectively, these findings shed light on the molecular architecture and mechanism of the human tRNA ligase complex and provide a structural framework for understanding its functions in cellular RNA metabolism.
Pre-service Teachers' Digital Experiences through Digital Pedagogical Practices in Norway
Authors: Jimarkon Pattamawan , Wanphet Phalangchok , Dikilitas Kenan
Published: December 2021

Digital skills are one of the key competences outlined in The European Reference Framework of Key Competences for Lifelong Learning prescribed by the EU in 2006. Integration of digital tools and resources into the classroom results in more platforms for teaching and learning activities. Teacher training programmes prepare pre-service teachers with pedagogical competencies and skills necessary for their future practices. This paper shows that pre-service teachers could overcome the pedagogical challenges during COVID-19 teaching by updating their present and future classroom teaching strategies around digital literacy. To explore further how these new teaching circumstances are understood and reflected on by pre-service teachers, the researchers collected written reflections of 52 pre-service teachers in Norway using an open-ended survey about their digital integration experiences in their practicum. This paper offers analyses of the reflections inductively to reveal the teachers’ process of development of their classroom teaching strategies as influenced by new digitalisation-related experiences. The findings show low levels of digital integration according to the SAMR model but moderate to high levels of satisfaction among pre-service teachers of digital practices. In the light of these findings, this study offers pedagogical technological implications for teachers and teacher educators who work with teacher education curricula.