bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
miR-3960 from Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Inactivates SDC1/Wnt/β-Catenin Axis to Relieve Chondrocyte Injury in Osteoarthritis by Targeting PHLDA2
Authors: Ye Peng , Mi Zhanhu , Wei Daihao , Gao Pengcheng , Ma Mei , Yang Haibo
Published: August 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a serious disease of the articular cartilage characterized by excessive inflammation. Lately, mesenchymal stem cell- (MSC-) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed as a novel strategy for the treatment of OA. We aimed to investigate the effects of EV-encapsulated miR-3960 derived from MSCs on chondrocyte injury in OA. The cartilage tissues from OA patients were collected to experimentally determine expression patterns of miR-3960, PHLDA2, SDC1, and β-catenin. Next, luciferase assay was implemented to testify the binding affinity among miR-3960 and PHLDA2. EVs were isolated from MSCs and cocultured with IL-1β-induced OA chondrocytes. Afterwards, cellular biological behaviors and levels of extracellular matrix- (ECM-) related protein anabolic markers (collagen II and aggrecan), catabolic markers (MMP13 and ADAMTS5), and inflammatory factors (IL-6 and TNF-α) in chondrocytes were assayed upon miR-3960 and/or PHLDA2 gain- or loss-of-function. Finally, the effects of miR-3960 contained in MSC-derived EVs in OA mouse models were also explored. MSCs-EVs could reduce IL-1β-induced inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in chondrocytes. miR-3960 expression was downregulated in cartilage tissues of OA patients but enriched in MSC-derived EVs. miR-3960 could target and inhibit PHLDA2, which was positively correlated with SDC1 and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. miR-3960 shuttled by MSC-derived EVs protected against apoptosis and ECM degradation in chondrocytes. In vivo experiment also confirmed that miR-3960 alleviated chondrocyte injury in OA. Collectively, MSC-derived EV-loaded miR-3960 downregulated PHLDA2 to inhibit chondrocyte injury via SDC1/Wnt/β-catenin.
Design and Application of Collaborative Experiment Management Platform for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Based on an Intelligent Sensor Network
Authors: Sun Yongqiang
Published: August 2022

Innovation and entrepreneurship is the soul of entrepreneurship, and realizing the integration of innovation and entrepreneurship education and collaborative experiment platform in colleges and universities is an important way to promote the development of entrepreneurship and facilitate higher quality employment. In this paper, the authors propose the 3D-IVF intelligent sensor overlay algorithm wisdom laboratory system structure and application mode through in-depth investigation of collaborative laboratory, build the macroenvironment and construction demand of collaborative experiment management platform of innovation and entrepreneurship education, comprehensively analyze the current situation, problems, and effectiveness of its integration of innovation and entrepreneurship education and professional education. In addition, we explore the operation mechanism of its organizational system, curriculum system, management system, and platform construction in the practice of integrating innovation and entrepreneurship education with professional education. The average coverage rate of the 3D-IVF-based 3D coverage algorithm is 92.15%, and the deployment time is 2.5857 s; the average coverage rate is improved by 0.76%, and the deployment time is reduced by 0.1712 s. Design FIR filter using MATLAB and Hilbert transform filter, generate HDL code, and implement it on FPGA. Use the designed low-pass and band-pass filters to filter the 100 KHz square wave signal sampled by the ADC. When the number of iterations of the algorithm reaches 30, the coverage rates of the four-node deployment strategies will stabilize, i.e., the forces between the nodes of the 3D-VF-based 3D coverage algorithm of this paper. The equilibrium state is reached. We use resources and real-time experimental data sharing to realize collaborative design among team members, further optimize the curriculum structure of innovation and entrepreneurship education, adopt diversified forms of curriculum implementation, and implement a diversified curriculum evaluation system, etc.
Las disyuntivas económicas en la propuesta de cambio constitucional
Authors: Saavedra Eduardo
Published: August 2022

Toda Constitución señala una serie de derechos, comúnmente de los ciudadanos, y de cómo se organizará políticamente el país, de allí que su nombre completo sea Constitución Política de la República de Chile. En cuanto a los derechos, cuáles y cuántos de ellos se encuentren garantizados constitucionalmente son esenciales para determinar el sello, o sesgo, que tiene una carta magna. Continuar leyendo...
CYP4F2-Catalyzed Metabolism of Arachidonic Acid Promotes Stromal Cell-Mediated Immunosuppression in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Chen Xuehan , Liu Yanzhuo , Wang Yang , Wang Chenlong , Chen Xuewei , Xiong Yu , Liu Lilong , Yuan Xi , Tang Honglin , Shu Chong , Zhang Jing , Guo Austin M. , Chen Honglei , Yang Jing
Published: August 2022

Fatty acid synthesis facilitates tumor cell immune escape and immunotherapy resistance. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A and 4F, the major ω-hydroxylases that convert arachidonic acid (AA) into 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), are implicated in inflammation and cancer. However, the role of CYP4 ω-hydroxylases in immune evasion remains unclear. Here, we determined that 20-HETE derived from the CYP4F2 isoenzyme governs immune evasion in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a CD8+ T-cell-dependent manner. Mechanistically, CYP4F2 induced expression of immune checkpoint PD-L1 and production of proangiogenic factors IL6 and TGFβ in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) via the 20-HETE-GPR75-STAT3-c-Jun axis. Tumors with high CYP4F2 expression were more resistant to anti-PD-1 treatment, whereas inhibition of CYP4F2 enhanced the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in human NSCLC organoids and mouse models. Collectively, these data delineate that CYP4F2-dependent AA metabolism controls CAF-mediated immune evasion. CYP4F2 inhibition combined with PD-1 antibody represents a promising therapeutic approach for immunotherapy-resistant lung cancer.

Significance:

The identification of a role for CYP4F2-dependent metabolism in driving immune evasion in non–small cell lung cancer reveals a strategy to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy by inhibiting CYP4F2.

See related article by Van Ginderachter, p. 3882
Interactions in CSF1-Driven Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumors
Authors: van IJzendoorn David G.P. , Matusiak Magdalena , Charville Gregory W. , Spierenburg Geert , Varma Sushama , Colburg Deana R.C. , van de Sande Michiel A.J. , van Langevelde Kirsten , Mohler David G. , Ganjoo Kristen N. , Bui Nam Q. , Avedian Raffi S. , Bovée Judith V.M.G. , Steffner Robert , West Robert B. , van de Rijn Matt
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

A major component of cells in tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) consists of bystander macrophages responding to CSF1 that is overproduced by a small number of neoplastic cells with a chromosomal translocation involving the CSF1 gene. An autocrine loop was postulated where the neoplastic cells would be stimulated through CSF1R expressed on their surface. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to investigate cellular interactions in TGCT.

Experimental Design:

A total of 18,788 single cells from three TGCT and two giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) samples underwent scRNA-seq. The three TGCTs were additionally analyzed using long-read RNA sequencing. Immunofluorescence and IHC for a range of markers were used to validate and extend the scRNA-seq findings.

Results:

Two recurrent neoplastic cell populations were identified in TGCT that are highly similar to nonneoplastic synoviocytes. We identified GFPT2 as a marker that highlights the neoplastic cells in TCGT. We show that the neoplastic cells themselves do not express CSF1R. We identified overlapping MAB features between the giant cells in TGCT and GCTB.

Conclusions:

The neoplastic cells in TGCT are highly similar to nonneoplastic synoviocytes. The lack of CSF1R on the neoplastic cells indicates they may be unaffected by current therapies. High expression of GFPT2 in the neoplastic cells is associated with activation of the YAP1/TAZ pathway. In addition, we identified expression of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor in the neoplastic cells. These findings suggest two additional pathways to target in this tumor.
Ferric Citrate Hydrate Has Little Impact on Hyperplasia of Enterochromaffin Cells in the Rat Small Intestine Compared to Sodium Ferrous Citrate
Authors: Machida Takuji , Hiraide Sachiko , Yamamoto Takahiro , Shiga Saki , Hasebe Shiori , Fujibayashi Asuka , Iizuka Kenji
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The most detrimental factor preventing the use of oral iron in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia is gastrointestinal side effects accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Anorexia is a known secondary effect of nausea and vomiting. The important gastrointestinal signaling molecule 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is critically involved in not only physiological function but also nausea and vomiting. The present study was designed to compare the effects of the administration of sodium ferrous citrate (SF) and ferric citrate hydrate (FC) to rats on anorexia and hyperplasia of enterochromaffin cells, which mainly synthesize and store 5-HT. Methods: Rats received either SF (3 or 30 mg/kg/day) or FC (30 mg/kg/day) orally for 4 days. Food and water intakes were measured every 24 h during the study. At 96 h after the first administration of the oral iron preparation, the duodenal and jejunal tissues were collected for analysis. Enterochromaffin cells were detected by immunohistochemical analysis. Results: Administration of 3 mg/kg SF had no effect on anorexia but led to increased hyperplasia of enterochromaffin cells in the duodenum (p < 0.1). Administration of 30 mg/kg SF significantly decreased food and water intakes and significantly increased hyperplasia of enterochromaffin cells in the duodenum and jejunum. Alternatively, administration of 30 mg/kg FC had no significant effect on food and water intakes or hyperplasia of enterochromaffin cells. Conclusion: The lower impact on the hyperplasia of enterochromaffin cells of FC compared to SF may contribute to the maintenance of rats’ physical condition.
Compliance of Appointment, Antidiabetic Treatment, and Diet in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Private Diabetes Clinic
Authors: Piparva Kiran , Singh Anil , Joshi Nirav
Published: August 2022

Context: India is an epicenter of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the entire world. Compliance is essential for chronic diseases treatment and has a significant impact on health and health care costs. The current study was planned to assess compliance to the appointment, treatment, and diet in T2DM patients at a private diabetic clinic in Rajkot city. Aims: The aim was to assess compliance to physician’s appointment, antidiabetic treatment, and diet among T2DM patients attending private diabetic clinic at Rajkot city. Settings and Design: This was an interview-based, prospective study done at a private diabetes clinic. Methods and Material: T2DM patients (>18 years) of either gender who were on antidiabetic treatment (at least 3 months before enrollment) at a private outpatient diabetic clinic during 2019 were included after ethical approval and obtaining informed consent. Juvenile diabetes, gestational diabetes, and noncompliant T2DM patients were excluded. Statistical Analysis Used: The χ2 test was used for the statistical association of sociodemographic and disease variables with compliance using GraphPad version 7 (p value <0.05 was considered significant). Results: Of 370 enrolled patients, 21 patients were lost to follow-up (noncompliant). From 349 T2DM patients, the majority of patients were in the middle age-group (60%, 41–60 years), preobese and obese (69.99%), and with comorbidity (42.7%). Compliance to appointment, treatment, and diet was observed above 85% in this study. Old age (>60 years) was significantly associated with poor appointment compliance, and comorbidity is significantly associated with the poor appointment, treatment, and diet compliance. An increasing number of comorbidities were significantly associated with poor appointment compliance. Conclusions: A higher compliance to appointment, treatment, and diet was achieved.
Weight Change over 4 Years and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in China: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Wu Wenyan , Zheng Xiaowei
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Previous studies had reported the impact of weight changes in middle age on the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the results were inconsistent. In present study, we aimed to investigate the impact of a 4-year weight change on the risk of CVD in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals. Methods: Using nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, 7,530 participants (age: 58.2 ± 8.9 years) were included. Weight change was calculated by subtracting weight at baseline from that at 4-year follow-up. Weight change over 4 years was divided into 5 categories (loss ≥5 kg; loss 2–5 kg; stable (change ≤2 kg); gain 2–5 kg; and gain ≥5 kg). Results: During the follow-up period, a total of 758 respondents experienced CVD (including 319 stroke and 477 cardiac events). The multivariable ORs of CVD for gain ≥5 kg compared to stable weight (change ≤2 kg) was 1.50 (95% CI, 1.14–1.97) versus 1.41(1.09–1.83) for losing ≥5 kg. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression model with restricted cubic splines showed a U-shaped association between weight change and the risk of CVD (p for nonlinearity <0.001). The significant associations did not change in subgroup and sensitivity analysis. Weight change was also associated with higher risk of stroke and cardiac events. Conclusion: Weight changes (weight gain or loss more than 5 kg) during middle age were associated with an increased risk of CVD in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals.
New implementation of the abstract design for non-iterative hash functions with 1024 digest length NIHF-1024
Authors: Abdallah Abouchouar , Omary Fouzia
Published: August 2022

The non-iterative hash function design is a domain extension that uses a novel concept to fill a gap in existing cryptographic designs. This design avoids the structural issues that plagued prior paradigms, particularly those applying the Merkel-Damgârd design, by presenting a novel approach. Non-iterative hash function design, on the other hand, is an abstract idea that necessitates the specification of the internal transformation in order to test and experiment it. To achieve this goal, this article describes the algorithm that implements the internal transformation based on the main characteristics of the new model. The avalanche effect's results are provided in the experiment section, as well as a preliminary validation stage of the national institute of standards and technology (NIST's) cryptographic algorithm validation program (CAVP), which employs a set of test vectors to verify algorithm accuracy and implementation errors.
Hybrid algorithms based on historical accuracy for forecasting particulate matter concentrations
Authors: Thanavanich Thanawut , Yaibuates Mayoon , Duangtang Pumipong , Winyangkul Seksan
Published: August 2022

Air pollution has become one of the most significant problems impacting human health. Particulate matter (PM) 2.5 is usually used as an identifier of the intensity of the pollution. The PM2.5 forecasting is essential and gainful for reducing health risks. The efficient model for forecasting PM2.5 concentration can be used in determining the period of outdoor activities, thereby reducing the impact on health. In addition, the government sector can use the forecasting model as a tool for laying down measures a burning control. In this work, the hybrid forecasting algorithms for improving accuracy are presented. The hybrid forecasting algorithms combine neural network models with historical predictive data for improving the accuracy of forecasting. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithms can reduce the mean absolute error and root mean square error of forecasting at 36% and 45%. Therefore, the proposed algorithms are not only effectively used to forecast the PM2.5 concentrations but also apply the lightweight technique based on historical accuracy to forecast other complex problems efficiently.
Lotus species classification using transfer learning based on VGG16, ResNet152V2, and MobileNetV2
Authors: Rachburee Nachirat , Punlumjeak Wattana
Published: August 2022

Technology has played an increasingly important role in daily life. Especially, technology in object classification that comes in to make human life more comfortable as well as to help people of all ages learning unlimited in anywhere, anytime. Lotus Museum located in Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT) that is open to the general public to learn as well as to cultivate awareness for propagation and result in future preservation. In this paper, we proposed lotus species classification with three pre-trained weights in the ImageNet dataset: visual geometry group (VGG16), residual neural network (ResNet152V2), and MobileNetV2. Fine-turning is used in the last layer after retrained with the custom data we provided. The experimental result shows the accuracy of VGG16, ResNet152V2, and MobileNetV2 are 98.5%, 98.0%, and 99.5% respectively. Therefore, MobileNetV2 not only gives the best accuracy than others but also uses the lowest parameters which are effective in computation time and proper to mobile devices. The proposed research paper on lotus classification base on transfer learning is an effective way to encourage and support people to learn without limitations.
Brain tumor segmentation using double density dual tree complex wavelet transform combined with convolutional neural network and genetic algorithm
Authors: Samosir Ridha Sefina , Abdurachman Edi , Gaol Ford Lumban , Sabarguna Boy Subirosa
Published: August 2022

Image segmentation is often faced by low contrast, bad boundaries, and inhomogeneity that made it difficult to separate normal and abnormal tissue. Therefore, it takes long periodto read and diagnose brain tumor patients. The aim of this study was to applied hybrid methods to optimize segmentation process of magnetic resonance image of brain. In this study, we divide the brain tumor images with double density dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DDDTCWT), continued by convolutional neural network (CNN), and optimized by genetic algorithm (GA) with 48 combinations yielding excellent results. The F-1 score was 99.42%, with 913 images test data. The training images consist of 1397 normal MRI images and 302 tumor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images resized by 32 x32 pixels. The DDDTCWT transforms the input images into more detail than ordinary wavelet transforms, and the CNNs will recognize the pattern of the output images. Additionally, we applied the GA to optimize the weights and biases from the first layer of the CNNs layers. The parameters used for evaluating were dice similarity coefficient (DSC), positive present value (PPV), sensitivity, and accuracy. The result showed that the combination of DDDTCWT, CNN, and GA could be used to brain MRI images and it generated parameters value more that 95%.
Correlation between nicotine dependence and inflammatory biomarkers in Thai smokers: Eight weeks of synbiotic intervention
Authors: Lalitsuradej Ekasit , Pratummas Parama , Sittiprapaporn Phakkharawat , Chaiyasut Chaiyavat
Published: August 2022

Cigarette smoke contains thousands of man-made substances, and many may contribute to addiction and inflammation. This study examined the effect of synbiotics on the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) and inflammatory markers in Thai smokers. 14 smokers with a Nicotine Dependence Fagerstrom Test scores of 4 or higher and no pregnancy or lactation history participated in this study. We gave them surveys about the FTND and continued blood tests for Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lactulose and mannitol ratios (LMR), Quinolinic acid (QA), and 5-hydroindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) to record inflammatory marker levels and leaky gut information. Pearson's R-values for LPS and LMR were 0.444 and -0.465. FTND showed a positive correlation with LPS and a negative correlation with leaky gut, but both relationships were weak due to no correlation for LPS but leaky gut. The R2 of the LPS correlation coefficient was 0.197, p = 0.112, and the R2 of the leaky gut correlation was 0.217, p 0.001. FTND, LMR, and QA were significantly reduced, while 5-HIAA was elevated. Further investigation is needed to determine the association between smoking and inflammation. In conclusion, synbiotics improved FTND, gut permeability, and inflammation. 
Pneumonia binary classification using multi-scale feature classification network on chest x-ray images
Authors: Mandeel Thulfiqar H. , Awad Salah M. , Naji Shama
Published: August 2022

According to the world health organization, pneumonia was the cause for 14% of all deaths of children under 5 years old. A computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) system can help the radiologist in the detection of pneumonia in chest radiographs by serving as a second opinion. The typical CADx is based on transfer learning which is done by transferring the learning of feature extraction from one task with plenty of available data to a related task with a scarcity of data. This approach has two limitations which are first, blocking the transferred model from extracting the features that are singular to the new dataset as well as the inability to reduce the complexity of the original model. To address these drawbacks, we proposed a convolutional neural network (CNN) model with low complexity and three paths for feature extraction. The proposed model extracts three different types of features and concatenates them into one feature that provides a good representation for the classes. The proposed model was evaluated on a publicly available dataset. The results showed outperformance by the proposed model compared to the transfer learning models with recall 0.912±0.039, precision 0.942±0.029, F-beta score 0.93, and Cohen’s kappa score 0.740±0.008. 
Proposing a route recommendation algorithm for vehicles based on receiving video
Authors: Huu Phat Nguyen , Quynh Phuong Tong Thi , Ngoc Thien Pham , Minh Quang Tran
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we propose a method to classify traffic status for the route recommendation system based on received videos. The system will determine the number of vehicles in the region of interest (ROI) to determine and calculate the coefficient of variation (CV) based on the videos extracted from cameras at intersections. It then predicts the congested traffic junctions in the city. The data then goes through the routing module and is transmitted to the website to find the best path between the source and destination requested by users. In this system, we use you only look once (YOLOv5) for vehicle detection and the A* algorithm for routing. The results show that the proposed system achieves 91.67% accuracy in detecting traffic status comparing with YOLOv1, deep convolutional neural network (DCNN), convolutional neural network (CNN), and support vector machine (SVM) models as 91.2%, 90.2%, 89.5%, and 85.0%, respectively. 
Identification of polar liquids using support vector machine based classification model
Authors: Prasanna Thushara Haridas , Shantha Mridula , Pradeep Anju , Mohanan Pezholil
Published: August 2022

The dispersive nature of polar liquids creates ambiguity in their identification process. It requires a long time and effort to compare the measured values with the available standard values to identify the unknown liquid. Nowadays machine learning techniques are being used widely to assist the measurement techniques and make predictions with great accuracy and less human effort. This paper proposes a support vector machine (SVM) based classification model for the identification of six polar liquids- butan-1-ol, dimethyl sulphoxide, ethanediol, ethanol, methanol and propan-1-ol for a temperature range of 10 °C–50 °C and frequency range of 0.1 GHz – 5 GHz. The model is constructed using the data from the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) report MAT 23. The identification of unknown liquid is based on complex permittivity measurement. If the measurement error in complex permittivity is less than ±6% of the standard value in NPL report, the proposed model identifies the liquids with 100% accuracy in the entire temperature and frequency range. The performance of the model is validated by testing the model with data external to the dataset used.  The findings show that the proposed model is a useful and efficient tool for identifying unknown polar liquids.
Machine learning model for green building design prediction
Authors: Sari Mustika , Berawi Mohammed Ali , Zagloel Teuku Yuri , Triadji Rizka Wulan
Published: August 2022

Green building (GB) is a design concept that implements sustainable processes and green technologies in the building's life cycle. However, the design process of GB tends to take longer than conventional buildings due to the integration of various green requirements and performances into the building design. Advanced artificial intelligence (AI) methods such as machine learning (ML) are widely used to help designers do their jobs faster and more accurately. Therefore, this study aims to develop a GB design predictive model utilizing ML techniques that consider four GB design criteria: energy efficiency, indoor environmental quality, water efficiency, and site planning. A dataset of GB projects collected from a private construction company based in Jakarta was used to train and test the ML model. The accuracy of the models was evaluated using mean square error (MSE). The comparison of MSE values of the conducted experiments showed that the combination of the artificial neural network (ANN) method with the IF-ELSE algorithm created the most accurate ML model for GB design prediction with an MSE of 1.3.
Masters and Doctor of Philosophy admission prediction of Bangladeshi students into different classes of universities
Authors: Islam Suvon Md Naimul , Siam Sadman Chowdhury , Ferdous Mehebuba , Alam Mahabub , Khan Riasat
Published: August 2022

Many Bangladeshi students intend to pursue higher studies abroad after completing their undergraduate degrees every year. Choosing a university for higher education is a challenging task for students. Especially, the students with average and lower academic credentials (undergraduate grades, English proficiency test scores, job, and research experiences) can hardly choose the universities that could match their profile. In this paper, we have analyzed some real unique data of Bangladeshi students who had been accepted admissions at different universities worldwide for higher studies. Finally, we have produced prediction models based on random forest (RF) and decision tree (DT) techniques, which can predict appropriate universities of specific classes for students according to their past academic performances. Two separate models have been studied in this paper, one for Masters (MS)students and another for Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)students. According to the Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) World University Rankings, the universities where the students got admitted have been divided into 9 classes for MS students and 8 classes for PhD students. Accuracy, precision, recall and F1-Score have been studied for the two machine learning algorithms. Numerical results show that both the algorithm DT and RF have the same accuracy of 89% for PhD student data and 86% for MS student data.
Simulated trial and error experiments on productivity
Authors: Thamprasert Karn , Dawod Ahmad Yahya , Chakpitak Nopasit
Published: August 2022

Trial and error experiments in socioeconomics were proved to be beneficial by Nobel prize laureates. However, replication is challenging and costly in term of time and money. The approach required interventions on human society, and moral issues have to be carefully considered in research designs. This work tried to make the approach more feasible by developing virtual economic environment to allow simulated trial and error experiments to take place. This research demonstrated the framework using 19 macroeconomic indicators in 6 interested categories to study the effect on productivity if each indicator value grew by 5 percent for each of 65 countries. Seven predictive models including some machine learning (ML) models were compared. Neural network dominated in accurateness and was selected as the core of the simulator. Experimented results are in full of surprises, and the framework acted as expected to be a data-driven guide toward country-specific policy making.
O poder de resistir – alternativas da comunicação nos territórios simbólicos demarcados pela geografia da televisão
Authors: Rovida Mara , Gonçalves Júlio Cezar
Published: August 2022

Este artigo tem por objetivo registrar a experiência das Rodas de Conversa com pesquisadores e comunicadores contra hegemônicos das cinco regiões do Brasil. Os encontros fizeram parte da disciplina Comunicação e Territorialidades, organizada por seis PPGs de Comunicação e Jornalismo do país em 2021 e foram gravados para posterior divulgação no podcast PapoCom. Além disso, apresenta-se uma reflexão inicial sobre as relações de poder observadas no processo de concessão pública de radiodifusão no Brasil o que orienta pesquisa doutoral em andamento em um dos programas participantes da atividade aqui registrada. Os dois objetivos acionados em diálogo permitem uma ponderação pautada pela análise documental das falas dos comunicadores participantes da atividade e o histórico de concessão pública de radiodifusão – alcançado por uma revisão de literatura – e sua possível interferência na geografia dos territórios simbólicos.
Assujeitamentos, resistências e negociações: configurações das lutas de poder em uma redação
Authors: Ratier Rodrigo
Published: August 2022

Este artigo descreve e analisa, à luz da Sociologia da socialização, a disputa em torno das concepções de jornalismo dentro de uma redação. Apoiando-nos nas noções bourdiesianas de campo e de capital simbólico e no conceito de configuração de Norbert Elias, procuramos demonstrar a fluidez dos bens simbólicos em jogo e dos grupos que medem forças. Evidencia-se também a imprevisibilidade da disputa, exigindo dos atores intuição e sentido de jogo para planejar os movimentos seguintes e prever as ações dos adversários.
Compreender os desafios de um trabalho bem-feito: o comportamento emocional como motor de pesquisa e ferramenta de investigação
Authors: Zinn Isabelle
Published: August 2022

Este artigo parte de uma pesquisa de campo em floriculturas na Suíça e nos Estados Unidos para oferecer uma reflexão sobre o modo como a prática etnográfica “engaja” a pesquisadora, seu corpo e sua forma de perceber e compreender o que está acontecendo. Em seguida, enfoca o que esse compromisso pode revelar sobre o campo da comunicação interna, considerando a concepção de um “trabalho bem feito”. Questiona-se a diretriz da objetividade do pesquisador no campo e indaga-se sobre a existência de uma ferramenta mais adequada do que um corpo engajado para realizar uma investigação etnográfica.
Avaliação de inventários e mecanismos de qualificação de cavernas pela perspectiva do uso educativo e da divulgação científica
Authors: Menin Daniel de Stefano , Bacci Denise de La Corte
Published: August 2022

Ante as atuais discussões em torno da necessidade de projetos que promovam a conservação de cavernas brasileiras, este artigo apresenta uma avaliação dos mecanismos de inventário e qualificação de cavernas disponíveis e destaca as adequações necessárias para o uso das informações em projetos educativos e de divulgação científica. Os dados foram levantados por meio de análise documental de 24 estudos produzidos por pesquisadores e instituições de pesquisa, disponíveis em bases de dados nacionais e internacionais. Como parâmetros de análise qualitativa, foram estabelecidas cinco categorias que agruparam os estudos com características similares em: inventários, metodologia de qualificação, técnicas de caracterização e diagnóstico ambiental, teses e publicações técnico-científicas, e outras avaliações sobre o patrimônio espeleológico. Cada estudo foi submetido também a uma análise quantitativa, com a determinação de uma escala numérica representativa da usabilidade para projetos educativos. Os critérios utilizados basearam-se nos conteúdos presentes e nas características de adequação dos estudos para projetos educativos. Os resultados apontam que há grande variação nos dados dos inventários de qualificação, elaborados com base em objetivos específicos. Para o uso educativo e de divulgação científica, o plano de manejo é o que melhor contempla as informações que podem ser utilizadas, mas apresenta ainda uma linguagem técnica e está limitado a algumas regiões. A análise comparativa indicou que, para a elaboração de estratégias pedagógicas e materiais didáticos, é necessária a combinação de informações dos vários mecanismos. Conclui-se pela necessidade de um mecanismo avaliativo que possa responder de forma clara e objetiva às demandas da inserção do tema das cavernas de forma interdisciplinar na educação básica e que possibilite a apropriação dos conhecimentos do patrimônio espeleológico por professores...
Gender Representation in Japan’s National and International Diplomacy
Authors: Flowers Petrice R.
Published: August 2022

How do we account for the discrepancy between the number of Japanese women serving in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) and the number in United Nations (UN) organisations? This article identifies where women and men are located in both national and international diplomacy. I argue that in ministries of foreign affairs around the world, institutional rules and norms account for the low numbers of women in these organisations. This research makes a new contribution to the literature by demonstrating that institutional rules and norms at the UN provide many opportunities for Japanese women to engage in diplomatic work, in contrast to national MFAs where norms and rules tend to circumscribe women’s participation. I argue that women choose to seek out these opportunities to fulfil their goals. Thus, this article investigates women’s agency in pursuing careers in international affairs as well as the effect of institutional rules and norms.
A Single-Center, Retrospective Cohort Study Evaluating the Use of Probiotics for the Prevention of Hospital-Onset Clostridioides difficile Infection in Hospitalized Patients Receiving Intravenous Antibiotics
Authors: Shah Punit Jitendra , Halawi Hala , Kay Jessica , Akogun Adanma , Wise Silvia , Aly Sarfraz , Daoura Nicolas , Putney David
Published: August 2022

Background:

Exposure to antimicrobials is a known risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Antimicrobials cause collateral damage by disrupting the natural intestinal microbiota allowing for C. difficile to thrive and production of C. difficile toxins. Probiotics could modulate the onset and course of CDI. However, the data on probiotics for the prevention of CDI is conflicting.

Objective:

To evaluate the rates of hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile infection (HO-CDI) among patients who received intravenous (IV) antibiotics plus probiotics versus IV antibiotics alone.

Design:

Retrospective, single-center cohort study.

Methods:

We included adult patients that received at least 1 dose of IV antibiotics and had a hospital length of stay of at least 3 days between August 2017 and July 2020. Patients were separated into 2 cohorts, either receipt of probiotics or non-receipt of probiotics. Patients with positive C. difficile toxin test prior to antibiotic therapy, or receipt of only C. difficile active treatment were excluded. The primary outcome was incidence of HO-CDI in patients who received IV antibiotics plus probiotics compared to those that received IV antibiotics alone. Logistic regression was performed to account for confounding variables.

Results:

We identified 17 598 patients that received IV antibiotics alone and 2659 patients received IV antibiotics plus probiotics. HO-CDI occurred in 46 (0.26%) of those that received antibiotics alone compared to 5 (0.19%) of those that received probiotics with IV antibiotics (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.28-1.81). ICU admission (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.02-3.19) and history of CDI (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.07-10.97) in the past 12 months were associated with a higher incidence of HO-CDI.

Conclusion:

The addition of probiotics did not reduce the incidence of HO-CDI among inpatients receiving IV antibiotics.
High velocity impact behavior of Hybrid composite under hydrostatic preload
Authors: Kumar Vishnu Vijay , Rajendran Suresh , Balaganesan G , Surendran S , Selvan Arul , Ramakrishna Seeram
Published: August 2022

The Hybridization concept creates a niche within the composite segment to customize materials for specific applications with reduced cost without sacrificing strength and durability. The composite structures develop strain during continuous operation, and any sudden impact on these preloaded parts might result in catastrophic accidents. Studying impact response during such conditions is essential in designing and developing structures. This study experimentally investigates the high velocity impact response of Hybrid (Carbon-Glass) composite under normal and hydrostatic preload conditions. Mechanical tests involving Tensile, Izod, and Charpy are conducted. High velocity impact testing is carried out with a vertical single-stage gas gun with additional provision for hydrostatic preloading. An oscilloscope with a laser source measures the initial velocity, and Photogrammetry using a high-speed camera measure the residual velocity of a projectile. The mechanical test results suggest that Hybridization resulted in a significant property enhancement. The high velocity impact resistance and energy absorption are higher for Hybrid under both normal and preloaded impact.
The Mediating Role of Rumination and Self-Regulation Between Self-Generated Stress and Psychological Well-Being
Authors: Yazıcı-Kabadayı Sema , Öztemel Kemal
Published: August 2022

In this study, we aimed to examine the relationships between self-generated stress (SGS) and psychological well-being (PWB) and the mediating role of self-critical rumination (SCR) and self-regulation in this relationship. In this direction, the Self-Generated Stress Scale (SGSS) was adapted into Turkish in the first study. In the second study, we tested the mediating role of SCR and self-regulation in the relationship between SGS and PWB in university students. The findings showed that the Self-Generated Stress Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for Turkish culture and PWB and self-regulation have partial mediating roles in the relationship between SGS and PWB. These results contribute to a better understanding of the association between SGS and PWB.
The Rise and Fall of Agrarian Populism in Post-colonial India: Farmers’ Movements and Electoral Politics at Crossroads
Authors: Mehta Shray , Sinha Shreya
Published: August 2022

This article argues that the ostensibly desirable separation between farmers’ movements and electoral politics is historically produced in post-colonial India, and it suggests that the current conjuncture of authoritarian politics in India demands a rethinking of this separation. It traces how agrarian populism has been practised in post-colonial India across social movements and party politics. In particular, it examines anti-Congress farmer mobilisations and formation of non-Congress state governments in the 1960s–1970s, the rise of Other Backward Caste (OBC) politics and new farmers’ movements in the 1970s–1980s, the mobilisations around liberalisation since the 1990s and mobilisations since 2014, including the farmers’ protest of 2020–2021. Through this long view of agrarian mobilisations in post-colonial India, we contend that apolitical agrarian populism has lost much of its political potency, and farmers have to pursue anti-authoritarian politics that lies at the intersection of progressive political parties and social movements to realise some or all of their demands.
Socioecological Model of a Military Family’s Health and Well-Being: Inside a Slovenian Military Family
Authors: Vuga Beršnak Janja , Lobe Bojana
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this article is to analyze the ecosystem of a military family, focusing on the risk factors that influence their health and well-being on various socioecological levels (individual, micro, meso, and macro). We develop a theoretical model of health outcomes and risk factors and test it empirically using quota sampling of 460 respondents from military families in Slovenia. Thirty-three regression models were calculated to measure the impact of theoretically defined risk factors on the health outcomes of military families. Surprisingly, a long daily commute, one of the most military-specific factors in Slovenian society, is viewed more positively than negatively. Moreover, risk factors related to the family on the micro and individual levels, such as poor financial situation or parental stress, are responsible for the greatest impact on military family health. Meanwhile, spouses report that military work-related stress affects the servicemembers’ overall health and increases the possibility of intimate partner violence.
Overcoming the influence of a 2 metre long pipe offset on water flow capacity of drainage with secondary ventilation in a high-rise building
Authors: Li Qinwen , Yan Xin , Shang Yu , Guan Yuxi , Fang Zheng
Published: August 2022

A potential consequence of installing a 2 m long pipe offset on a ventilated drainage system in a high-rise buildings is that the water seal could be damaged when the flowrate exceeds the maximum discharge capacity of a drainage system, thereby threatening the indoor health safety. Some high-rise buildings are designed for commercial and residential use to achieve economic and social benefits, so the whole building use and layout changes in the vertical direction. The drainage stack may be designed with an offset between floors to avoid structural obstacles inside the building. The flow direction change could destroy the water seal of sanitary appliances and threaten the health of residents. To better understand the influence of the form of a pipe offset on the drainage capacity, a full-scale experiment was conducted to study the secondary ventilated system with an antireflux H-tube pipe, which was equipped with two guide plates inside to improve the air-water flow pattern and prevent backflow, installed between floor. This study also considered a kind of offset where the offset distance was 2.0 m rather than the S-shaped offset joint, which is more common in commercial and residential complexes. The influence on the discharge capacity of installing an extra antireflux H-tube pipe was compared with normal 90-degree elbow and only one antireflux H-tube pipe above the offset point. The pressure fluctuation and water seal losses under constant discharge rates were adopted as experimental parameters to determine the maximum discharge capacity according to Standard for Capacity Test of Vertical Pipe of the Domestic Residential Drainage System. Results show that the installation of an extra antireflux H-tube pipe can release the air accumulation caused by pipe offset, and the combined installation of a large curvature elbow and an extra antireflux H-tube pipe can effectively improve the discharge capacity.

Practical Application: 2 metre long offsets are not unusual in ventilated drainage systems in high-rise buildings, however, designers and builders do not pay sufficient attention to the adverse consequences of the pipe offset. An extra antireflux H-tube pipe can be installed above the offset joint to optimise the drainage system to perform as it would without the offset. In a system with 2 m long pipe offset, installing a large curvature elbow together with an extra antireflux H-tube pipe together provides a better effect.
A Case of Unilateral Proptosis Secondary to Prostatic Metastasis
Authors: Silver Jennifer A. , Almhanedi Hamad , Lai Jonathan K. , Tham Alex C. , Ajise Oluyomi , Tewfik Marc A.
Published: August 2022

Prostate cancer metastases involving the orbit and/or paranasal sinuses represent a rare oncological presentation. Patients can have a myriad of symptoms such as proptosis, periorbital swelling, blurry vision, rhinorrhea, epistaxis, anosmia, or others depending on the structures involved. The differential diagnosis of paranasal sinus masses on imaging studies is broad and can include inflammatory, congenital, or neoplastic masses; leading to the requirement of biopsy for definitive diagnosis. Tissue sample is usually obtained via an endoscopic approach. The prognosis of such a presentation is not well described in the literature, but it is usually guarded due to the advanced stage of the disease and generally a poorly differentiated primary tumor. Treatments usually aim to reduce the burden of disease and debulk the tumor mass for palliative purposes. We present a case of a 71-year-old male presenting with unilateral proptosis and periorbital swelling secondary to prostatic metastasis.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising in a Parotid Warthin's Tumor: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Wang Qian , Zheng Yun , Liu Jifeng
Published: August 2022

Warthin's tumor is the second most common benign neoplasm of the parotid gland. Epithelial malignant transformation of Warthin's tumor, especially to squamous cell carcinoma, is a rare event. The authors present a case report of a 57-year-old male patient with a mass in the left parotid gland. This paper documents the appearance of squamous cell carcinoma within Warthin's tumor of the left parotid gland and reviews the other similar features of 12 cases.
Clinical features and antibiotic treatment of early-onset neonatal listeriosis
Authors: Wu Fang , Nizar Sithany , Zhang Luan , Wang Fangfang , Lin Xiaojie , Zhou Xihui
Published: August 2022

Objective

To analyze the clinical features, efficacy of antibiotic treatment, and outcome of neonatal listeriosis.

Methods

This was a retrospective study that included all neonates diagnosed with listeriosis between January 2010 and December 2021.

Results

Nine male patients and five female patients were analyzed, including 11 preterm and 3 term infants. The mean gestational age was 34 ± 2.6 weeks (29 + 2–40 + 2 weeks), and the mean birth weight was 2392 ± 603 g (1370–3580 g). The maternal clinical manifestations included fever (13/14 [92.9%]), meconium-stained amniotic fluid (12/14 [85.7%]), and intrauterine fetal distress (11/14 [78.6%]). The neonates presented with fever (14/14 [100%]), generalized maculopapular rash (7/14 [50%]), and convulsions (8/14 [57.1%]). Laboratory tests showed leukocytosis (11/14 [78.6%]), monocytosis (9/14 [64.3%]), elevated C-reactive protein levels (13/14 [92.9%]), and thrombocytopenia (6/14 [42.9%]). Eight patients had central nervous system involvement, and Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from the blood in all cases. Empiric antibiotic therapy consisted of a combination of third-generation cephalosporins and penicillin or vancomycin. Four patients died, and 10 patients were cured.

Conclusions

Preterm infants were more susceptible to listeria infection than term infants, with most having multiple organ injuries. Combined antibiotic application improved the effectiveness of treatment.