bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NovaGenesis Applied to Information-Centric, Service-Defined, Trustable IoT/WSAN Control Plane and Spectrum Management
Authors: Alberti Antônio Marcos , Bontempo Marília Martins , Dos Santos José Rodrigo , Sodré Arismar Cerqueira , Righi Rodrigo da Rosa
Published: September 2018

We integrate, for the first time in the literature, the following ingredients to deal with emerging dynamic spectrum management (DSM) problem in heterogeneous wireless sensors and actuators networks (WSANs), Internet of things (IoT) and Wi-Fi: (i) named-based routing to provide provenance and location-independent access to control plane; (ii) temporary storage of control data for efficient and cohesive control dissemination, as well as asynchronous communication between software-controllers and devices; (iii) contract-based control to improve trust-ability of actions; (iv) service-defined configuration of wireless devices, approximating their configurations to real services needs. The work is implemented using NovaGenesis architecture and a proof-of-concept is evaluated in a real scenario, demonstrating our approach to automate radio frequency channel optimization in Wi-Fi and IEEE 802.15.4 networks in the 2.4 GHz bands. An integrated cognitive radio system provides the dual-mode best channel indications for novel DSM services in NovaGenesis. By reconfiguring Wi-Fi/IoT devices to best channels, the proposed solution more than doubles the network throughput, when compared to the case of mutual interference. Therefore, environments equipped with the proposal provide enhanced performance to their users.
Self-Diagnosis of Localization Status for Autonomous Mobile Robots
Authors: Kim Jiwoong , Park Jooyoung , Chung Woojin
Published: September 2018

It is essential to provide reliable localization results to allow mobile robots to navigate autonomously. Even though many state-of-the-art localization schemes have so far shown satisfactory performance in various environments, localization has still been difficult under specific conditions, such as extreme environmental changes. Since many robots cannot diagnose for themselves whether the localization results are reliable, there can be serious autonomous navigation problems. To solve this problem, this study proposes a self-diagnosis scheme for the localization status. In this study, two indicators are empirically defined for the self-diagnosis of localization status. Each indicator shows significant changes when there are difficulties in light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor-based localization. In addition, the classification model of localization status is trained through machine learning using the two indicators. A robot can diagnose the localization status itself using the proposed classification model. To verify the usefulness of the proposed method, we carried out localization experiments in real environments. The proposed classification model successfully detected situations where the localization accuracy is significantly degraded due to extreme environmental changes.
Evaluation on Construction Level of Smart City: An Empirical Study from Twenty Chinese Cities
Authors: Li Guijun , Wang Yongsheng , Luo Jie , Li Yulong
Published: September 2018

Currently, the construction of smart cities (SCs) has been booming all over the world and it also acts as a useful tool for the Chinese government to promote the sustainable development of cities. Identifying the aspects of SCs and systematically evaluating the level of smart city construction are significant for urban management and healthy development. Based on the bibliometrics and Chinese experience with smart city construction, this paper firstly proposes dividing the smart city system into four subsystems, that is, smart infrastructure, smart economy, smart governance and smart participation and to establish their corresponding indicator systems. Information entropy method and grey correlation analysis are then adopted to determine the weight of each indicator and evaluate the city smartness level respectively. After that, 20 major cities in China are taken as cases for evaluation. The evaluation is performed on the grey correlation degree of these cities and their variations between 2012 and 2016. Through the further comparison of regional distribution and clustering analysis of these cities, the paper points out the general characteristics and level differences of smart city construction in China. Finally, some policy implications are proposed to improve the smartness level for Chinese cities.
Comparisons of Different Lighting Systems for Horticultural Seedling Production Aimed at Energy Saving
Authors: Garcia-Caparros Pedro , Chica Rosa María , Almansa Eva María , Rull Antonio , Rivas Lara Alicia , García-Buendía Antonio , Barbero Francisco Javier , Lao María Teresa
Published: September 2018

Nowadays, the evaluation of sustainability is an important aspect in the study of agricultural systems and the number of projects and methods for impact assessment of food production systems is increasing. In this work, we initially carried out a survey to know the status of the artificial lighting establishment in horticultural seedling nurseries in southern Spain. Taking into account the data obtained in the survey, we conducted an experiment with different types of fluorescent lamps (TLD-18, CF, TL5, TLD-56), light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and their combinations along with the novelty white LEDs lamps and XTRASUN LEDs to evaluate their technical parameters and spectral light qualities. In addition, the effectiveness of light irradiance (ELIplant) and the use of irradiance (UI) by cucumber and tomato seedling plants were estimated considering their light absorbance capacity previously analyzed. The results showed that TLD-18 lamps and their combinations, CF and XTRASUN LEDs, had a limited value of energy efficiency (VEEI) ≤ 2. The lamps essayed with the lowest total irradiance were LEDs (B, R, V, W) and the ones with the highest values were TLD58-6 lamps. The effectiveness of light irradiance (ELIplant) and the UI were slightly higher in the case of cucumber than that of the tomato for all essayed lamps. Considering the effectiveness of the light irradiance (ELIplant), TL5-6 lamps showed the highest values. On the other hand, considering the use of irradiance, XTRASUN LEDs on the mode of vegetative growth (VG) showed the highest values.
Evaluation of the Potential Change to the Ecosystem Service Provision Due to Industrialization
Authors: Sanchez-Porras Arturo , Tenorio-Arvide María , Peña-Moreno Ricardo , Sampedro-Rosas María , Silva-Gómez Sonia
Published: September 2018

The provision of ecosystem services (ES) in a particular region is strongly related to land use. In 2013, San José Chiapa, México, was selected as the new operations base for an automotive company. The installation of the new automotive plant will encourage population growth from 8000 to 200,000 inhabitants by 2050. Consequently, the rise in the demand for land to urbanize will increase at a rate expected to have a significant impact in terms of land-use change, affecting the provision of ES in the region. This paper aims to characterize the ES provision that was present in the region before industrialization and to evaluate the potential effect of land-use change on ES provision. This study analyzed geographic and demographic information and involved a series of field trips to characterize the services present in the area. The ES budget is positive regarding the production of biomass, due to the rural nature of most of the study area. However, this picture is changing with the continuous growth of urban areas due to economic development. This is a critical point for the region regarding ES provision, and only a joint effort between municipalities and industry will make it possible for the region to seize on development while maintaining ES provision.
Revered but Poorly Understood: A Case Report of Dendroaspis polylepis (Black Mamba) Envenomation in Watamu, Malindi Kenya, and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Erulu Valentine Eugene , Okumu Mitchel Otieno , Ochola Francis Okumu , Gikunju Joseph Kangangi
Published: September 2018

The black mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis) ranks consistently as one of the most revered snakes in sub-Saharan Africa. It has potent neurotoxic venom, and envenomation results in rapid onset and severe clinical manifestations. This report describes the clinical course and reversal of effects of black mamba envenomation in a 13-year-old boy in the Jimba area of Malindi. The victim presented to Watamu Hospital, a low resource health facility with labored breathing, frothing at the mouth, severe ptosis and pupils non-responsive to light. His blood pressure was unrecordable, heart rate was 100 beats per minute but thready, his temperature was 35.5 °C, and oxygen saturation was 83%. Management involved suction to clear salivary secretions, several hours of mechanical ventilation via ambu-bagging, oxygen saturation monitoring, and the use of South African Vaccine Producers (SAVP) polyvalent antivenom. Subcutaneous adrenaline was used to stave off anaphylaxis. The victim went into cardiac arrest on two occasions and chest compressions lasting 3–5 min was used to complement artificial ventilation. Hemodynamic instability was corrected using IV infusion of ringers lactate and normal saline (three liters over 24 h). Adequate mechanical ventilation and the use of specific antivenom remain key in the management of black mamba envenomation.
Baculovirus as a Tool for Gene Delivery and Gene Therapy
Authors: Ono Chikako , Okamoto Toru , Abe Takayuki , Matsuura Yoshiharu
Published: September 2018

Based on its ability to express high levels of protein, baculovirus has been widely used for recombinant protein production in insect cells for more than thirty years with continued technical improvements. In addition, baculovirus has been successfully applied for foreign gene delivery into mammalian cells without any viral replication. However, several CpG motifs are present throughout baculoviral DNA and induce an antiviral response in mammalian cells, resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferon through a Toll-like receptor (TLR)-dependent or -independent signaling pathway, and ultimately limiting the efficiency of transgene expression. On the other hand, by taking advantage of this strong adjuvant activity, recombinant baculoviruses encoding neutralization epitopes can elicit protective immunity in mice. Moreover, immunodeficient cells, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV)- or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected cells, are more susceptible to baculovirus infection than normal cells and are selectively eliminated by the apoptosis-inducible recombinant baculovirus. Here, we summarize the application of baculovirus as a gene expression vector and the mechanism of the host innate immune response induced by baculovirus in mammalian cells. We also discuss the future prospects of baculovirus vectors.
HSV-Induced Systemic Inflammation as an Animal Model for Behçet’s Disease and Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Islam S. M. Shamsul , Sohn Seonghyang
Published: September 2018

Behçet’s disease (BD) affects multiple organs. It is mainly characterized by recurrent oral, skin, and genital aphthous ulcers, and eye involvement. Successful management of BD is increasing, although its etiology remains unclear. A number of etiologies have been proposed, including environmental, genetic, viral, and immunological factors. To understand its complex etiology and improve its management, animal models of BD have been used to enable more effective therapeutic applications with increased clinical significance. An herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1-induced BD mouse model has shown disease characteristics similar to those seen in BD patients. An HSV-induced BD animal model has been used to test various therapeutic modalities. The applied modalities are several materials that are derived from natural products, conventional therapeutics, and possible biologics. In this review, we provided how they regulate inflammation in an HSV-induced BD model.
Projected Changes in Hydrological Extremes in the Yangtze River Basin with an Ensemble of Regional Climate Simulations
Authors: Gu Huanghe , Yu Zhongbo , Yang Chuanguo , Ju Qin
Published: September 2018

This paper estimates the likely impacts of future climate change on streamflow, especially the hydrological extremes over the Yangtze River basin. The future climate was projected by the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment in East Asia (CORDEX-EA) initiative for the periods 2020–2049 under two representative concentration pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 emission scenarios. The bias corrected outputs from five regional climate models (RCMs) were used in conjunction with the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) macroscale hydrological model to produce hydrological projections. For the future climate of the Yangtze River basin, outputs from an ensemble of RCMs indicate that the annual mean temperature will increase for 2020–2049 by 1.81 °C for RCP4.5 and by 2.26 °C for RCP8.5. The annual mean precipitation is projected to increase by 3.62% under RCP4.5 and 7.65% under RCP8.5. Overall, increases in precipitation are amplified in streamflow, and the change in streamflow also shows significant temporal and spatial variations and large divergence between regional climate models. At the same time, the maximum streamflow in different durations are also projected to increase at three mainstream gauging stations based on flood frequency analysis. In particular, larger increases in maximum 1-day streamflow (+14.24% on average) compared to 5-day and 15-day water volumes (+12.79% and +10.24%) indicate that this projected extreme streamflow increase would be primarily due to intense short-period rainfall events. It is necessary to consider the impacts of climate change in future water resource management.
In Vitro Expression of Cartilage-Specific Markers by Chondrocytes on a Biocompatible Hydrogel: Implications for Engineering Cartilage Tissue
Authors: Risbud Makarand , Ringe Jochen , Bhonde Ramesh , Sittinger Michael
Published: September 2018

Natural cartilage tissue has a limited self-regenerative capacity; thus, strategies to replenish the lost cartilage are desired in reconstructive and plastic surgery. Tissue-engineered cartilage using biodegradable polymeric scaffolds is one such approach gaining wide attention. We have earlier demonstrated the biocompatible nature and ability of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel to maintain differentiated populations of respiratory epithelial cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate its suitability as a substratum for inducing chondrocyte growth and differentiation. Electron microscopic (SEM) analysis of freeze-dried hydrogels showed a highly porous morphology with interconnections as seen in cross section. Chondrocytes were observed to attach and exhibited a differentiated phenotype with proper cell-cell contact on three-dimensional freeze-dried hydrogels. When cultured on two-dimensional hydrogel films they showed higher growth rates (4–6%) compared with a polystyrene (TCPS) control until 6 days (p > 0.05), which slowed down after 10 days. Immunofluorescent microscopic studies revealed that chondrocytes on hydrogel films exhibited comparable expression of β1 integrin (CD29) to TCPS controls, indicating the ability of the hydrogel substrate to maintain normal expression of β1 integrin. RT-PCR analysis of chondrocytes grown on hydrogel films showed that chondrocytes express the mRNA for extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen type IIα1 (COL IIα1), COL III, COL IXα3. Expression of COL I was less prominent than COL II as indication of differentiation. Expression of COL X could not be detected, suggesting an absence of chondrocyte hypertrophy. Chondrocytes also showed weak mRNA expression of aggrecan, a cartilage-specific proteoglycan. All of these results point out the ability of the chitosan-gelatin hydrogel to induce the expression of mRNAs for cartilage-specific extracellular matrix proteins by nasal septal chondrocytes. This hydrogel needs to be further evaluated for its ability to support chondrocyte-specific marker expression to explore the possibility of forming a tissue resembling natural cartilage in vitro.
Lentiviral Transfer of the LacZ Gene into Human Endothelial Cells and Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Totsugawa Toshinori , Kobayashi Naoya , Okitsu Teru , Noguchi Hirofumi , Watanabe Takamasa , Matsumura Toshihisa , Maruyama Masanobu , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi , Sakaguchi Masakiyo , Tanaka Noriaki
Published: September 2018

Because one of the attractive characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-based lentiviral vectors is that it can infect even nondividing cells, a lentivirus-mediated gene delivery system is currently being paid a great deal of attention as an innovative tool for gene transfer into target cells. The purpose of the work was to investigate the efficacy of lentiviral transfer of the LacZ gene into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs) in vitro. For the present study, a vesicular stomatitis virus G-protein (VSV-G)-pseudotyped lentiviral vector encoding the E. coli LacZ gene tagged with nuclear localization signal (NLS) was generated in 293T cells by means of the three-plasmid system. The resulting lentiviral vector, LtV-NLS/LacZ, was allowed to infect HUVECs and HMSCs. Approximately 70% of HUVECs were positive for LacZ expression and 50% of HMSCs showed LacZ activity. There was no significant difference in transduction efficacy between early and late-passage phases in both cells. LtV-NLS/LacZ-transduced HUVECs showed gene expression of endothelial markers including CD34 and flt-1 and KDR/flk-1 of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors and had angiogenic potential as efficiently as primarily cultured HUVECs in a Matrigel assay. These findings provide evidence that lentiviral vectors are efficient tools for gene transfer and expression in human endothelial cells and stem cells that could be useful for tissue engineering.
Injection of Chemotherapeutic Microspheres and Glioma III: Parameters to Optimize Efficacy
Authors: Emerich Dwaine F. , Winn Shelley R. , Bartus Raymond T.
Published: September 2018

Injectable microspheres may provide a means of providing local, sustained exposure of glioma to chemotherapeutics to improve patient survival. Using a rodent model of surgically resected glioma, we previously demonstrated that direct injections of chemotherapeutic microspheres into the tissue surrounding a resection cavity provide superior survival effects over injections of the same microspheres directly into the surgical cavity. The present experiments extended this novel observation by exploring several parameters related to the use of intraparenchymal injections of chemotherapeutic microspheres to treat glioma. Using a rat model of resected glioma, several principles regarding the use of local sustained release carboplatin microspheres were established. First, an inverted U dose–response was observed, wherein further dose escalation beyond the optimal dose was not efficacious and indeed produced significant local toxicity. Second, it was necessary to expose approximately 40% of the tumor margin to sustained release carboplatin in order to increase survival in this model. Survival was not enhanced when the proportion of the tumor margin exposed to carboplatin was only 20%. Third, the distribution of the chemotherapeutic microsphere injections along the tumor perimeter was shown to be important, requiring that the entire perimeter be proportionately exposed to the chemotherapeutic agent. Together, these data continue to support the development of chemotherapeutic microspheres for treating glioma. However, they also caution that a number of fundamental parameters can profoundly influence the efficacy that might be expected from local sustained delivery. Careful attention to these principles is not only required if chemotherapeutic microspheres are to be used efficaciously, but these principles should provide a foundation to further optimize the potential of this and other polymeric delivery systems under development for local, intraparenchymal drug delivery to glioma.
Cobalt- and rhodium-catalyzed carboxylation using carbon dioxide as the C1 source
Authors: Fujihara Tetsuaki , Tsuji Yasushi
Published: September 2018

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the most important materials as renewable chemical feedstock. In this review, the Co- and Rh-catalyzed transformation of CO2 via carbon–carbon bond-forming reactions is summarized. Combinations of metals (cobalt or rhodium), substrates, and reducing agents realize efficient carboxylation reactions using CO2. The carboxylation of propargyl acetates and alkenyl triflates using cobalt complexes as well as the cobalt-catalyzed reductive carboxylation of α,β-unsaturated nitriles and carboxyamides in the presence of Et2Zn proceed. A Co complex has been demonstrated to act as an efficient catalyst in the carboxylation of allylic C(sp3)–H bonds. Employing zinc as the reductant, carboxyzincation and the four-component coupling reaction between alkyne, acrylates, CO2, and zinc occur efficiently. Rh complexes also catalyze the carboxylation of arylboronic esters, C(sp2)–H carboxylation of aromatic compounds, and hydrocarboxylation of styrene derivatives. The Rh-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of diynes and CO2 proceeds to afford pyrones.
Distribution of Velocity Gradient Orientations: Mapping Magnetization with the Velocity Gradient Technique
Authors: Lazarian A. , Yuen Ka Ho , Ho Ka Wai , Chen Junda , Lazarian Victor , Lu Zekun , Yang Bo , Hu Yue
Published: September 2018

Recent developments of the velocity gradient technique (VGT) show that the velocity gradients provide a reliable tracing of the magnetic field direction in turbulent plasmas. In this paper, we explore the ability of velocity gradients to measure the magnetization of the interstellar medium. We demonstrate that the distribution of velocity gradient orientations provides a reliable estimation of the magnetization of the media. In particular, we determine the relation between Alfvénic Mach number M
A in the range of

and properties of the velocity gradient distribution, namely, with the dispersion of velocity gradient orientation as well as with the peak-to-base ratio of the amplitudes. We apply our technique to a selected GALFA-H i region and find the results consistent with the expected behavior of M
A. Using 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations, we successfully compare the results with our new measure of magnetization that is based on the dispersion of starlight polarization. We demonstrate that combined with the velocity dispersion along the line-of-sight direction, our technique is capable of delivering the magnetic field strength. The new technique opens a way to measure magnetization using other gradient measures, such as synchrotron intensity gradients and synchrotron polarization gradients.
Chemical Compositions of Evolved Stars from Near-infrared IGRINS High-resolution Spectra. I. Abundances in Three Red Horizontal Branch Stars
Authors: Afşar Melike , Sneden Christopher , Wood Michael P. , Lawler James E. , Bozkurt Zeynep , Topcu Gamze Böcek , Mace Gregory N. , Kim Hwihyun , Jaffe Daniel T.
Published: September 2018

We have derived elemental abundances of three field red horizontal branch stars using high-resolution (R ≃ 45,000), high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ≳ 200) H- and K-band spectra obtained with the Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrograph (IGRINS). We have determined the abundances of 21 elements, including α (Mg, Si, Ca, S), odd-Z (Na, Al, P, K), Fe-group (Sc, Ti, Cr, Co, Ni), neutron-capture (Ce, Nd, Yb), CNO-group elements. S, P, and K are determined for the first time in these stars. H- and K-band spectra provide a substantial number of S i lines, which potentially can lead to a more robust exploration of the role of sulfur in the cosmochemical evolution of the Galaxy. We have also derived 12C/13C ratios from synthetic spectra of the first-overtone 12CO (2–0) and (3–1) and 13CO (2–0) lines near 23440 Å and 13CO (3–1) lines at about 23730 Å. Comparison of our results with the ones obtained from the optical region suggests that the IGRINS high-resolution H- and K-band spectra offer more internally self-consistent line abundances of the same species for several elements, especially the α-elements. This in turn provides more reliable abundances for the elements with analytical difficulties in the optical spectral range.
A New Measurement of the Temperature–density Relation of the IGM from Voigt Profile Fitting
Authors: Hiss Hector , Walther Michael , Hennawi Joseph F. , Oñorbe José , O’Meara John M. , Rorai Alberto , Lukić Zarija
Published: September 2018

We decompose the Lyman-α (Lyα) forest of an extensive sample of 75 high signal-to-noise ratio and high-resolution quasar spectra into a collection of Voigt profiles. Absorbers located near caustics in the peculiar velocity field have the smallest Doppler parameters, resulting in a low-b cutoff in the b–

distribution set primarily by the thermal state of the intergalactic medium (IGM). We fit this cutoff as a function of redshift over the range

, which allows us to measure the evolution of the IGM temperature–density (

) relation parameters T
0 and γ. We calibrate our measurements against mock Lyα forest data generated using 26 hydrodynamic simulations with different thermal histories from the THERMAL suite, also encompassing different values of the IGM pressure smoothing scale. We adopt a forward-modeling approach and self-consistently apply the same algorithms to both data and simulations, propagating both statistical and modeling uncertainties via Monte Carlo. The redshift evolution of T
0 (γ) shows a suggestive peak (dip) at z = 2.9 (z = 3). Our measured evolution of T
0 and γ is generally in good agreement with previous determinations in the literature. Both the peak in the evolution of T
0 at z = 2.8, as well as the high temperatures

that we observe at 2.4 < z < 3.4, strongly suggest that a significant episode of heating occurred after the end of H i reionization, which was most likely the cosmic reionization of He ii.
The Amino Acid Distribution in Laboratory Analogs of Extraterrestrial Organic Matter: A Comparison to CM Chondrites
Authors: Modica P. , Martins Z. , Meinert C. , Zanda B. , d’Hendecourt L. L. S.
Published: September 2018

Laboratory experiments that simulate the photo- and thermo-chemistry of extraterrestrial ices always lead to the formation of semi-refractory organic residues. These residues can be considered as laboratory analogs for the primitive organic matter incorporated into comets and asteroids. Many specific organic molecules have been detected in them. Here we focus on amino acids because of their possible relevance to further prebiotic chemistry on Earth as well as in other solar system bodies. We compare the amino acid content and distribution measured in organic residues produced in our photochemical experiments to those observed in various CM chondrites presenting an increasing degree of aqueous alteration, a process that is thought to impact amino acid chemistry. We find that the amino acid profile of our residues shows similarities with that of the least aqueously altered CM chondrites. In particular, the β-alanine to glycine ratio is comparable to the one measured in the Paris meteorite, a minimally altered CM chondrite, and matches the trend followed by other CM chondrites with different degrees of aqueous alteration. Additionally, the relative abundances of α-, β-, and γ-amino acids in one of our residues are similar to those of the least altered CM chondrites. These results support the idea of a general formation process for amino acids from photo- and thermo-processing of icy grains as an important source for the inventory of amino acids in the early solar system.
Maternal Genetic Effects in Astyanax Cavefish Development
Authors: Jeffery William
Published: September 2018

The role of maternal factors in the evolution of development is poorly understood. Here we describe the use of reciprocal hybridization between the surface dwelling (surface fish, SF) and cave dwelling (cavefish, CF) morphs of the teleost Astyanax mexicanus to determine investigate the roles of maternal genetic effects in cavefish development. Reciprocal hybridization, a procedure in which F1 hybrids are generated by fertilizing SF eggs with CF sperm (SF X CF hybrids) and CF eggs with SF sperm (CF X SF hybrids), revealed that the CF degenerative eye phenotype showed maternal genetic effects. The eyes of CF X SF hybrids resembled the degenerate eyes of CF in showing ventral reduction of the retina and corresponding displacement of the lens within the optic cup, a smaller lens and eyeball, more lens apoptosis, a smaller cartilaginous sclera, and lens-specific gene expression characteristics compared to SF X CF hybrids, which showed eye and lens gene expression phenotypes resembling SF. In contrast, reciprocal hybridization failed to support any roles for maternal genetic effects in the CF regressive pigmentation phenotype or in CF constructive changes related to enhanced jaw development. The Astyanax orthologs of mMaternal transcripts encoded by some of thethe pou2f1b, runx2b, and axin1 genes, which are key involved in determining ventral embryonic fates, genes involved in zebrafish dorsoventral patterning were increased in unfertilized CF eggs. In contrast, maternal mRNAs encoded by the ß-catenin and syntabulin genes, which control dorsal embryonic fates, were unchangedwith theshowed similar expression levels in unfertilized SF and CF eggs. This study reveals that CF eye degeneration is controlled by changes in maternal factors produced during oogenesis and introduces A. mexicanus as a model system for studying the role of maternal changes in the evolution of development.
The paleoenvironmental reconstruction using fossil invertebrates of Zăton Lake (south-western Romania)
Authors: Moldovan Oana , Miko Ladislav , Kenesz Marius , Constantin Silviu
Published: September 2018

The Zăton Lake is a closed depressionlocated in the Ponoarele karst area (south-western Romania) formed along a tectonic-erosional window as a NE-SW corridor (250–450 m a.s.l.). In this area Mesozoic sedimentary rocks outcrop, along with the metamorphic basement of the Danubian Domain of the Southern Carpathians. The entire river basin is drained underground through the caves of Zăton (105 m in lenght) and Bulba (5 km long, developed on three levels). Flooding of the lake is temporary, during periods with high precipitation or the spring snow melting. A total of 34 samples were taken from one sedimentary section of the Zăton Lake and the diversity and abundance of fossil mites was assessed at different depths of the sediments. OSL (optical stimulated luminescence) datings and fossil mites’ determination were correlated with sediments geochemistry and rock magnetic properties and record the changes in temperature and vegetation in the area from present day to more than 2000 years ago.
Preliminary results from a survey of lava tube caves in the southwest region of the Ka’ū district of the Big Island, Hawai’i
Authors: Slay Michael , Porter Megan , Slay Christy , Summers Engel Annette
Published: September 2018

The discovery of troglobionts in lava tube caves on the Hawaiian Islands archipelago altered our understanding of how species may evolve and permanently inhabit subterranean environments. To date, 74 troglobionts are reported from the islands with 44 known from the youngest (Big Island). Previous lava tube cave surveys on the Big Island have focused on the wetter, eastern side of the island and in lava tubes at higher elevations. Along with members of Cave Conservancy of Hawai’i, we surveyed 24 lava tube sections on the drier, western side of the Big Island, primarily in Hawaiian Ocean View Estates in the Ka’ū District. Surveys occurred during late November and early December of 2015–2017. Species present in each cave were documented by observation and limited collections of specimens for identification purposes. Significant species were discovered in these caves, representing new locations for rare and limited species previously documented from different regions on the island, and/or new, undescribed species from significant lineages that are federally listed on other islands. The most significant species observed included a reduviid thread-legged bug (Nesidiolestes sp.), a terrestrial amphipod (Spelaeorchestia sp.), a microvellid (Cavaticovelia sp.), and a new cave-adapted planthopper (Oliarus sp.). While identification of the collected specimens is ongoing, documenting these significant species from lava tube caves in Ka’ū District illustrates the need for continued bioinventory work in this area.
Establishment of a new genus, Brephallus Wang et al., gen. nov. (Blattodea, Blaberidae, Epilamprinae) based on two species from Pseudophoraspis, with details of polymorphism in species of Pseudophoraspis
Authors: Wang Zhenzhen , Zhao Qiongyao , Li Weijun , Che Yanli , Wang Zongqing
Published: September 2018

BrephallusWang et al.,gen. n.is established as a genus distinct fromPseudophoraspisKirby, 1903 because of the lack of a well-developed apical outgrowth on sclerite L2D and substantial genetic differences. Two species are transferred to the new genus fromPseudophoraspis, i.e.,Brephallusfruhstorferi(Shelford, 1910),comb. n.andBrephallustramlapensis(Anisyutkin, 1999),comb. n.We provide a detailed generic diagnosis ofBrephallusWang et al.,gen. n.Based on COI data, males, females and nymphs of threePseudophoraspisspecies (P.clavellataWang et al., 2013,P.recurvataWang et al., 2013 andP.kabakoviAnisyutkin, 1999) were successfully matched. The former two are sexually dimorphic with macropterous males and micropterous females. Photos of the species from China are presented.
Violences sexuelles infantiles : quelle(s) évolution(s) de la latence à l’adolescence ?
Authors: Roques Marjorie , Mazoyer Anne-Valérie
Published: September 2018

L’analyse de protocoles de Rorschach, suivant la méthode d’interprétation psychanalytique de l’École de Paris, de trois garçons de 11, 13 et 15 ans, rencontrés dans un établissement d’aide sociale à l’enfance et dans un service d’hospitalisation pour adolescents, ayant subi, enfants, des violences sexuelles, permet de dégager trois éléments redondants : l’appréhension face à la première planche (qui témoigne d’un système défensif spécifique), les persévérations (qui renvoient à l’identification à l’agresseur) et un indice d’angoisse anormalement élevé (qui révèle une fragilité des limites corporelles). Ces repérages cliniques, signes d’une mise au travail psychique, s’inscrivent dans le cadre de la prévention des risques, car ils permettent de dégager des pistes psychothérapeutiques pour la prise en charge de ces jeunes victimes chez lesquelles le traumatisme sexuel est encore agissant.
Le nihilisme nietzschéen
Authors: de Launay Marc
Published: September 2018

Le nihilisme est le terme qui résume la plupart des diagnostics de Nietzsche sur la décadence de l’Europe contemporaine ; mais c’est aussi la caractéristique des « deux siècles à venir » ; c’est enfin, à chaque époque passée, ce qui qualifie telle ou telle figure de la pensée ou de la culture, Socrate, par exemple, ou Flaubert. Quel est donc le statut de ce terme dans l’œuvre de Nietzsche, plus profondément, quels en sont les présupposés ?
Les évolutions des modes d’action pour agir sur les inégalités sociales de santé dans les recommandations politiques à l’international et en France
Authors: Porcherie Marion , Le Bihan-Youinou Blanche , Pommier Jeanine
Published: September 2018

Cet article présente les évolutions des modes d’action politiques pour lutter contre les inégalités sociales de santé préconisées en France, au regard des textes de l’OMS et d’autres organismes internationaux. Une analyse de contenu des textes de recommandations politiques a permis d’identifier onze catégories de modes d’action et cinq types d’évolutions en fonction des populations cibles et des moyens à déployer. Les recommandations ont ainsi évolué d’une action pour l’accès aux soins primaires à une action sur les déterminants sociaux de la santé, du renforcement des capacités individuelles à l’ empowerment global, de l’action sur des cibles populationnelles à l’inclusion sociale de tous, de la promotion des investissements pour la santé à une régulation financière accrue, d’une approche des politiques publiques favorables à la santé à une approche de santé dans toutes les politiques. En France, les modes d’action ont été multiples mais sont restés peu opérationnalisés. Ils ont évolué au cours du temps, faisant le plus souvent écho aux textes de référence mondiaux avec un certain décalage temporel. Les modes d’action préconisés au niveau international s’éloignent fortement des modes d’action centrés sur les capacités individuelles alors que la nouvelle loi de santé publique en France réintroduit des interventions ciblées sur les comportements. Ce constat soulève d’autres interrogations, notamment sur la manière dont la recherche sur les inégalités sociales de santé irrigue la décision publique, et sur le traitement institutionnel de la santé dans toutes les politiques.
Effects of Pain and Sleep Quality on Falls Among Nursing Home Residents in Turkey
Authors: Altintas Hulya Kulakci , Aslan Gülbahar Korkmaz , Sısman Nuriye Yıldırım , Kesgin Makbule Tokur
Published: September 2018

The current study was conducted to detect the incidence of falls among individuals in nursing homes, as well as the impact of pain and sleep quality on falls. The sample for this cross-sectional study comprised 291 older adults. Pain was assessed using the Geriatric Pain Measure and insomnia was assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index. Incidence of falls within the past 1 year was 40.9%. Risk factors for falling were determined using logistic regression analysis. Based on the analysis, being single (odds ratio [OR] = 2.502, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.155, 6.195]) and experiencing pain (OR = 2.841, 95% CI [1.195–6.754]) were risk factors for falling. In the current study, falling was seen as a common problem among older adults. Pain in particular should be addressed when planning the prevention of falls in nursing homes.

[Res Gerontol Nurs. 2018; 11(5):257–264.]
El coste de la obligatoria rehabilitación energética de la vivienda colectiva: ¿un problema social?
Authors: Lizundia I. , Etxepare L. , Sagarna M. , Uranga E. J.
Published: September 2018

Los cambios normativos derivados de la aprobación de la Ley 8/2013 de Rehabilitación, Regeneración y Renovación Urbana van a suponer un antes y un después en los habituales modos de plantear los procesos de reforma de los bloques de vivienda colectiva. El artículo analiza las consecuencias de dichos cambios en el ámbito de la obligada rehabilitación energética de edificios y su repercusión económica y social. El análisis se fundamenta en el estudio comparado de treinta y dos edificios rehabilitados en los últimos años, confrontándolos con el hipotético coste económico que la aplicación de dichos cambios hubiera supuesto en sus respectivos procesos de ejecución. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que para alcanzar los objetivos previstos, resulta fundamental potenciar la oferta de ayudas públicas, sugeridas en la ley pero no reflejadas en la práctica, en aras de la sostenibilidad del proceso y para que las mejores intenciones no deriven en un problema social.

Se justifica analíticamente la teoría escogiendo un ejemplo de la obra de Félix Candela, ejecutada por medio de cáscaras cilíndricas largas de cubierta, y elaborando el proceso de cálculo necesario propuesto.
Blending Association Rules for Knowledge Discovery in Big Data
Authors: Anaissi Ali , Goyal Madhu
Published: September 2018

Data mining techniques have been widely applied in several domains to support a variety of business-related applications such as market basket analysis. For instance, basket market transaction accumulate large amounts of customer purchase data from their day-to-day operations. This paper delivers a strategy for the implementation of a systematic analysis framework built on the established principles used in data mining and machine learning areas.We employ Apriori and FP-growth algorithms coupled with support vector machine to implement our recommendation systems. Experiments are done using a real market dataset and the 0.632+ bootstrap method is used here in order to evaluate our framework. The obtained results suggest that the proposed framework will be able to generate benefits for grocery chain using a real-world grocery store data. FP-growth algorithm shows better performance over Apriori in terms of time complexity.
Extending a Conventional Chatbot Knowledge Base to External Knowledge Source and Introducing User-Based Sessions for Diabetes Education
Authors: Hussain Shafquat , Ginige Athula
Published: September 2018

Chatbots or conversational agents are computer programs that interact with users using natural language through artificial intelligence in a way that the user thinks he is having dialogue with a human. One of the main limits of chatbot technology is associated with the construction of its local knowledge base. A conventional chatbot knowledge base is typically hand constructed, which is a very time-consuming process and may take years to train a chatbot in a particular field of expertise. This chapter extends the knowledge base of a conventional chatbot beyond its local knowledge base to external knowledge source Wikipedia. This has been achieved by using Media Wiki API to retrieve information from Wikipedia when the chatbot's local knowledge base does not contain the answer to a user query. To make the conversation with the chatbot more meaningful with regards to the user's previous chat sessions, a user-specific session ability has been added to the chatbot architecture. An open source AIML web-based chatbot has been modified and programmed for use in the health informatics domain. The chatbot has been named VDMS – Virtual Diabetes Management System. It is intended to be used by the general community and diabetic patients for diabetes education and management.
Model-Based Development and Spatiotemporal Behavior of Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Herrmann Peter , Blech Jan Olaf , Han Fenglin , Schmidt Heinz
Published: September 2018

Many cyber-physical systems operate together with others and with humans in a joint physical space. Because of their operation in proximity to humans, they have to operate according to very high safety standards. This chapter presents a method for developing the control software of cyber-physical systems. The method is model-based and assists engineers with spatial and real-time property verification. In particular, the authors describe a toolchain consisting of the model-based development toolset Reactive Blocks, the spatial analyzer BeSpaceD in conjunction with the real-time model checkers UPPAAL and PRISM. The combination of these tools makes it possible to create models of the control software and, if necessary, simulators for the actual system behavior with Reactive Blocks. These models can then be checked for various correctness properties using the analysis tools. If all properties are fulfilled, Reactive Blocks transforms the models automatically into executable code.
Minimum Database Determination and Preprocessing for Machine Learning
Authors: Kuri-Morales Angel Fernando
Published: September 2018

The exploitation of large databases implies the investment of expensive resources both in terms of the storage and processing time. The correct assessment of the data implies that pre-processing steps be taken before its analysis. The transformation of categorical data by adequately encoding every instance of categorical variables is needed. Encoding must be implemented that preserves the actual patterns while avoiding the introduction of non-existing ones. The authors discuss CESAMO, an algorithm which allows us to statistically identify the pattern preserving codes. The resulting database is more economical and may encompass mixed databases. Thus, they obtain an optimal transformed representation that is considerably more compact without impairing its informational content. For the equivalence of the original (FD) and reduced data set (RD), they apply an algorithm that relies on a multivariate regression algorithm (AA). Through the combined application of CESAMO and AA, the equivalent behavior of both FD and RD may be guaranteed with a high degree of statistical certainty.
Changes in Anthocyanin and Fruit Quality Attributes of Barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) Grown in Different Altitude During Growth and Maturation
Authors: Moradinezhad F , Khayyat M , Maraki Z
Published: September 2018

Purpose: Seedless barberry is one of the economical sources of anthocyanin pigment. However, short harvesting period creates many difficulties in harvesting and drying processes, leading to low quality. Therefore, it was very important to study different barberry growing areas and also evaluating fruit quality in these regions, to propose sooner harvesting in some regions.Research Method: The study was conducted in two regions (Marack and Amirabad) of Birjand suburbs, South Khorasan, Iran, during two growing seasons (2014-2015), to investigate the major physicochemical changes of barberry fruit during different growth and development stages (89, 121, 152, 183 and 214 days after full bloom (DAFB)).Findings: The results showed that fruit fresh weight and volume, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), maturity index and anthocyanin significantly increased, as harvest season progressed. The region conditions also influenced the above-mentioned parameters. Data indicated that lower night temperatures in the Marack led to better fruit indices compared with Amirabad, which may be resulted from a higher altitude as compared to Amirabad. The better fruit maturity index and anthocyanin content obtained in Marack at the fourth harvest date (183 DAFB), compared with Amirabad, which creates a  sooner harvest potential. With regard  to data obtained and especially higher anthocyanin accumulation, we propose mountainous regions for seedless barberry cultivation, compared to lands as it  leads to sooner harvesting and better quality of fruit for fresh market.Research Limitations: It was better to study the physicochemical changes of barberry fruits in more important regions and with different altitude.Originality/Value: This study provides an insight into mountains with high altitude as main regions for barberry cultivation to increase the nutritional quality of fruit.