bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kerstersia gyiorum isolated for the first time from two patients with neurodegenerative disease: report of two unusual cases and a review of the literature
Authors: Sun Yanwen , Liu Danqing , Yang Xuejing , Li Wenjie , Lin Shaohua
Published: May 2023

With the development of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing, increasing numbers of new microorganisms are being discovered. In this report, Kerstersia gyiorum was isolated for the first time from the sputum of two elderly patients with neurodegenerative disease, and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine was used for treatment. The bacteria’s growth characteristics, biochemical reaction characteristics, sensitivity to antibiotics, and the patients’ treatment are described, with a review of previous reports.
Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design for Low-Volume Roads Impacted by Freeze–Thaw
Authors: Orr David P. , Scott Geoffrey R. , Kuzmik Nick
Published: May 2023

Low-volume roads (LVRs) make up more than half the centerline mileage in the United States and most of these roads are not designed. Instead, a standard thickness is used for all roads or a rough catalog is used to determine the thickness of the pavement layers. The Cornell University Local Roads Program worked with local highway agencies in New York State to develop a mechanistic-empirical (ME) pavement design tool that overcomes the limitations of expertise and time of most LVR highway officials but takes advantage of their knowledge of the LVRs within their jurisdictions. The goal was to use existing information and apply it to the limited design related to LVRs. The tool developed, RoadPE: LHI, uses two common pavement-fatigue criteria—surface tensile strain and subgrade vertical strain—with simplified inputs and built-in trend analysis to determine the thickness of the asphalt layers for overlaid, mill and filled, rehabilitated, and reconstructed LVRs. An ME-based tool will allow highway managers to prepare better designs that account for real-world variations.
Evolution of Mode Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States: Implications for the Future of Transit
Authors: Magassy Tassio B. , Batur Irfan , Mondal Aupal , Asmussen Katherine E. , Bhat Chandra R. , Salon Deborah , Bhagat-Conway Matthew , Javadinasr Mohammadjavad , Chauhan Rishabh , Mohammadian Abolfazl (Kouros) , Derrible Sybil , Pendyala Ram M.
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about transformative changes in human activity-travel patterns. These lifestyle changes were naturally accompanied by and associated with changes in transportation mode use and work modalities. In the United States, most transit agencies are still grappling with lower ridership levels, thus signifying the onset of a new normal for the future of transit. This paper addresses this challenge using a novel panel survey data set collected from a representative sample of individuals across the United States. The study involved the estimation of a panel multinomial probit model of mode choice to capture both socio-economic effects and period (pre-, during-, and post-COVID) effects that contribute to changes in mode choice. This paper provides rich insights into the evolution of commute mode use as a result of the pandemic, with a particular focus on public transit. Through a rigorous modeling approach, this paper provides a deep understanding of how transit use has evolved, how it is likely to evolve into the future, and the socio-economic and demographic characteristics that affect the evolution (and expected future use) of public transit. Results suggest that transit patronage is likely to remain depressed by about 30% for the foreseeable future, in the absence of substantial changes in service configurations. This study also shows that minority groups and those living in higher density regions are more likely to exhibit a return to transit use in the post-pandemic period.
Trajectory of PaO2/FiO2 Ratio in Shock After Angiotensin II
Authors: Wieruszewski Patrick M. , Coleman Patrick J. , Levine Andrea R. , Davison Danielle , Smischney Nathan J. , Kethireddy Shravan , Guo Yanglin , Hecht Jason , Mazzeffi Michael A. , Chow Jonathan H.
Published: May 2023

Introduction

High-dose catecholamines can impair hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and increase shunt fraction. We aimed to determine if Angiotensin II (Ang-2) is associated with improved PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2 in patients in shock.

Methods

Adult patients at four tertiary care centers and one community hospital in the United States who received Ang-2 from July 2018-September 2020 were included in this retrospective, observational cohort study. PaO2, SpO2, and FiO2 were measured at 13 timepoints during the 48-h before and after Ang-2 initiation. Piecewise linear mixed models of PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2 were created to evaluate hourly changes in oxygenation after Ang-2 initiation. The difference in the proportion of patients with PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 mm Hg at the time of Ang-2 initiation and 48 h after was also examined.

Results

The study included 254 patients. In the 48 h prior to Ang-2 initiation, oxygenation was significantly declining (hourly PaO2/FiO2 change −4.7 mm Hg/hr, 95% CI − 6.0 to −3.5, p < .001; hourly SpO2/FiO2 change −3.1/hr, 95% CI−3.7 to −2.4, p < .001). Ang-2 treatment was associated with significant improvements in PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2 in the 48-h after initiation (hourly PaO2/FiO2 change +1.5 mm Hg/hr, 95% CI 0.5-2.5, p  =  .003; hourly SpO2/FiO2 change +0.9/hr, 95% CI 0.5-1.2, p < .001). The difference in the hourly change in oxygenation before and after Ang-2 initiation was also significant ( pinteraction < 0.001 for both PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2). This improvement was associated with significantly fewer patients having a PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 mm Hg at 48 h compared to baseline (mean difference −14.9%, 95% CI −25.3% to −4.6%, p  =  .011). Subgroup analysis found that patients with either a baseline PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 mm Hg or a norepinephrine-equivalent dose requirement >0.2 µg/kg/min had the greatest associations with oxygenation improvement.

Conclusions

Ang-2 is associated with improved PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2. The mechanisms for this improvement are not entirely clear but may be due to catecholamine-sparing effect or may also be related to improved ventilation-perfusion matching, intrapulmonary shunt, or oxygen delivery.
Women’s Memories of the Day of the Chilean Coup in the City of Valparaíso
Authors: Faúndez Abarca Ximena , Bravo Vidal Diego , Gamboa Morales Dahiana
Published: May 2023

This article reconstructs and analyzes the memories of women who were in the city of Valparaíso on September 11, 1973, the day of the coup d’état in Chile. Research participants were six women from the Valparaíso region, militants of leftist parties, and survivors of political imprisonment and torture during the Chilean civil-military dictatorship. We conducted a focus group and two semi-structured individual interviews. Data analysis was carried out in two stages: the first one phenomenological-hermeneutic and the second one based on Grounded Theory. The research results show that the day of the coup d’état in Valparaíso is remembered by women as a mighty and irrevocable milestone, functioning as a biographical event. The coup d’état means a before and after in civic experiences in social, political, and historical aspects and in the dwelling manners of the city.
Quantifying Value of Worksite Well-Being Programs With a Health Equity Lens: It’s Time to Raise the Bar
Authors: Sherman Bruce , Weaver GracieLee M.
Published: May 2023

Calls to address workforce health inequities have been met with expanded well-being programming, without an assessment of programming relevance or evaluation of equity-related outcomes. The goal of this commentary is to summarize current practices and gaps in evaluation of well-being programs, provide evidence supporting the need for broader participation in well-being offerings, and make recommendations to incorporate health equity measures into planning and evaluation efforts conducted by both employers and vendors. Data sharing, expanded measurement, more rigorous evaluation methods, and alignment of goals are some of the recommendations to better address health inequities and differential participation among employees.
Unsteady flow of hybrid fluid via peristaltic pumping in wavy micro-channel under electric and magnetic field effects: An application of Hall device and slip boundary
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Javid Khurram , Ali Nasir
Published: May 2023

Aim of study

In the current analysis, the blood is used as a viscoelastic fluid and manipulated with an electromagnetic field because of its magnetic features. Furthermore, blood is considered as a non-Newtonian fluid that is productive in nano- and micro-scales transport. To study the performance of hybrid fluids, a selection of nanofluids is examined with a Jeffrey fluid (blood) which is doped with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] nanoparticles.

Mathematical formulation

The long wavelength assumption, lubrication theory and Debye–Huckel linearization are employed. Analytical solutions of flow equations are implemented in Mathematica by using integration technique. The impacts of considered parameters on the flow are computed. Combined influence of Hall device, momentum, and thermal slips is observed on various flow features.

Outcomes

Magnitude of the velocity goes on decreasing by increasing magnetic and viscoelastic parameters. The wavy behavior is predicted in the graphs of pressure gradient due to the complex nature of peristaltic walls. Enhancing the viscoelastic effects and concentration of nanoparticles results in reduction of magnitude of the pressure gradient. Heat transfer of hybrid fluid is larger in steady state flow as compared to the unsteady state. The heat source/sink parameter has remarkable impacts on enhancement of heat transfer phenomena of viscoelastic hybrid fluid.

Applications

The present investigation is relevant to electromagnetic hybrid liquid micropump manufactures and emerging nano-physiological technologies.
Synthesis, characterization and optimization of gasification products from Aegle Marmelos Correa shell in a downdraft gasifier using ANN and RSM
Authors: Ramaswamy Muthu Dinesh Kumar , Thangarasu Vinoth , Jaganathan V M , Angkayarkan Vinayakaselvi M , Ramanathan Anand
Published: May 2023

Biomass has demonstrated how it is likely to be an excellent energy source equipped to meet the rising global need for clean and unceasing power sources to better our society. The gasification process is among the most viable thermochemical routes of bioenergy production. Gasification of Aegle Marmelos Correa shell was conducted in a portable downdraft fixed-bed reactor to assess the impact of moisture content and particle size on syngas composition. The artificial neural network (ANN) technique predicted gasification performance and compared it with response surface methodology (RSM) for forecasting their abilities. Syngas composition at optimum conditions of 10% (wt.) moisture and 2.6 mm particle size was 19.2 vol.% H2, 15.3 vol.% CO, 18 vol.% CO2, and 6.4 vol.% CH4. The results reveal that moisture content plays a more significant role than particle size in gasification reaction rate. It can be concluded that ANN has been more accurate and superior to the RSM model for forecasting gasification performance.
Mechanical and wear characteristics of spark plasma sintered titanium/multilayer graphene nanocomposites
Authors: Sharma Deepak , Kumar Vinod , Singh Sachin
Published: May 2023

Owing to excellent mechanical properties, Titanium (Ti) alloys have been of great interest in recent years. However, due to their poor wear resistance application of these alloys is restricted in the areas involving wear and friction. To address such challenges, in the current work, multilayer graphene (MLG) reinforced titanium matrix composites have been fabricated via the spark plasma sintering process. The content of MLG in Ti6Al4V powder is varied between 0% and 1.2%. The present work explores the inﬂuence mechanism of MLG addition in Ti6Al4V by investigating fabricated nanocomposites’ microstructure, nanohardness and wear behaviour. Microstructural study reveals an in-situ reaction between a carbon source from MLG and Ti from the Ti6Al4V to form a secondary phase TiC. Moreover, due to the formation of TiC, an increase in the nanohardness value of sintered nanocomposites Ti6Al4V/1.2 wt.% MLG (5.39 GPa) was recorded when compared to fabricated Ti6Al4V alloy (3.23 GPa). Dry sliding wear tests were performed under loads of 3–7 kg. It was observed that Ti6Al4V/1.2 wt.% MLG nanocomposite shows the maximum wear resistance across various sliding velocities with a minimum wear rate of 15 × 10−6 g/m. It is evident from the results obtained that MLG plays a vital role in improving the microstructural, mechanical, and tribological properties of sintered nanocomposites.
Research on tip leakage vortex characteristics of axial-flow circulating pumps under unpowered driven conditions
Authors: Jia Xiaoqi , Lv Hao , Zhang Shuaikang , Rao Kun , Zhu Zuchao
Published: May 2023

To explore the flow characteristics around the tip clearance and the evolution of tip leakage vortex, this paper adopted the delayed detached eddy simulation model to calculate the blade tip region and employed the vorticity transport equation to analyze the forms and strength of tip leakage vortex. It is found that under the effect of tip leakage vortex, the unsteady flow at blade edges are serious under unpowered driven condition. Tip leakage vortex is generated from the leading edge of the blade. From the leading edge to the trailing edge of the blade, the intensity of tip leakage vortex gradually decreases and the generation frequency gradually increases. The core intensity of tip leakage vortex at L1 to L5 points decreases gradually, with a decreased range of about 24.8%, 34.4%, 55.03% and 60.48%.
Dispatching First Responders: Language Practices and the Dispatcher’s Operational Role in Radio Encounters With Police Officers
Authors: Clayman Steven E , Kevoe-Feldman Heidi
Published: May 2023

The delivery of emergency services is often contingent on social processes launched when someone calls to request help. While initial encounters between civilian callers and institutional call-takers have been extensively studied, little is known about subsequent encounters between dispatchers and first responders. This paper examines police radio dispatch calls and the language practices enacting the dispatcher’s operational role. It sketches the technological constraints and communicative challenges of the two-way radio medium, and the overall activity structure of radio dispatch. It then focuses on the design of dispatchers’ instructions to officers. The instruction has a recurrent base form but may be expanded with optional material addressing atypical or specialized circumstances. Accordingly, dispatchers are not passive conduits of information transfer; working within the constraints of the radio medium, they elaborate and reframe the available information in ways that triage the problem and aid in its downstream management.
Early afforestation on islands of proglacial Lake Ojibway as evidence of post-glacial migration outposts
Authors: Vogel Marianne FS , Asselin Hugo , Joannin Sébastien , Bergeron Yves , Leclercq Sabrina , Latapy Cécile , Ali Adam A
Published: May 2023

At the end of the last glacial period in the northern hemisphere, meltwater from receding ice sheets accumulated into large proglacial lakes, potentially limiting postglacial afforestation. We explored whether former islands of proglacial Lake Ojibway (Canada) (hilltops in the current landscape) could have acted as migration outposts and thus accelerated the postglacial migration. We extracted sediments from two small lakes located on “paleo-islands” and used XRF to detect changes in soil erosion and vegetation biomass. We also used plant macro-remains and wood charcoal to determine if (and which) tree species colonized the sites and to detect local fire events. Organic sediment accumulation started around 9657 and 9947 cal. yr BP at Lakes Perché and Despériers, respectively, before the level of Lake Ojibway started to decrease and liberate parts of the studied landscape ca 9400 cal. yr BP. Lithogenic elements (Ti, K, Sr, Fe, Zr, and Rb) decreased between the beginning of organic sediment accumulation and 8800–8700 cal. yr BP, indicating reduced soil erosion, possibly due to soil stabilization by vegetation. Then, the S/Ti ratio, a proxy of organic matter increased around 8800 and 8400 cal. yr BP. The earliest tree macro-remains ( Larix laricina and Pinus spp.) were found between 9850 and 9500 cal. yr BP. Local fires were detected around 9820 and 8362 cal. yr BP. Early afforestation occurred on the islands of Lake Ojibway, 200 and 450 years before its level started to decrease, confirming that some islands acted as migratory outposts accelerating postglacial migration.
Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 targets the autophagy signaling pathway to suppress ferroptosis in gastric carcinoma cells
Authors: Peng Z , Peng N
Published: May 2023

Objective

Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of programmed cell death; however, the specific mechanisms that regulate ferroptosis have yet to be fully elucidated in gastric carcinoma. In this study, we aimed to investigate how microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 (MGST1) regulates ferroptosis in gastric carcinoma cells.

Methods

Gastric adenocarcinoma (SGC7901) cells that overexpressed MGST1 or expressed only low levels of MGST1, were treated with specific compounds (erastin, sorafenib, RSL3, MK-2206 and SC79). Then, we detected the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Protein expression levels of the non-classical autophagy and protein kinase B (Akt)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) pathways were determined by western blotting and cell viability was analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. The expressions of target genes were detected using qRT-PCR.

Results

We evaluated a range of ferroptosis-inducing compounds and found that MGST1 expression was down-regulated during ferroptosis in SGC7901 cells. The ferroptosis inducer RSL3 played a role in classical ferroptotic events while the overexpression of MGST1 impaired these effects. Interestingly, the overexpression of MGST1 resulted in the inactivation of autophagy by repressing the expression of ATG16L1 and the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II. The upregulation of ATG16L1 eliminated the inhibitory action of MGST1 on ferroptosis. Notably, the overexpression of MGST1 induced the activation of the Akt/GSK-3β pathway. An Akt inhibitor antagonized the inhibitory effects of MGST1 on autophagy and ferroptosis.

Conclusion

Collectively, our findings demonstrate a novel molecular mechanism and signaling pathway for ferroptosis. We also characterized that the overexpression of MGST1 induces gastric carcinoma cell proliferation by activating the Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway.
Single-cell Transcriptome Landscape of DNA Methylome Regulators Associated with Orofacial Clefts in the Mouse Dental Pulp
Authors: Enkhmandakh Badam , Joshi Pujan , Robson Paul , Vijaykumar Anushree , Mina Mina , Shin Dong-Guk , Bayarsaihan Dashzeveg
Published: May 2023

Objective

Significant evidence links epigenetic processes governing the dynamics of DNA methylation and demethylation to an increased risk of syndromic and nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P). Previously, we characterized mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) at different stages of osteogenic differentiation in the mouse incisor dental pulp. The main objective of this research was to characterize the transcriptional landscape of regulatory genes associated with DNA methylation and demethylation at a single-cell resolution.

Design

We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to characterize transcriptome in individual subpopulations of MSCs in the mouse incisor dental pulp.

Settings

The biomedical research institution.

Patients/Participants

This study did not include patients.

Interventions

This study collected and analyzed data on the single-cell RNA expssion in the mouse incisor dental pulp.

Main outcome measure(s)

Molecular regulators of DNA methylation/demethylation exhibit differential transcriptional landscape in different subpopulations of osteogenic progenitor cells.

Results

scRNA-seq analysis revealed that genes encoding DNA methylation and demethylation enzymes (DNA methyltransferases and members of the ten-eleven translocation family of methylcytosine dioxygenases), methyl-DNA binding domain proteins, as well as transcription factors and chromatin remodeling proteins that cooperate with DNA methylation machinery are differentially expressed within distinct subpopulations of MSCs that undergo different stages of osteogenic differentiation.

Conclusions

These findings suggest some mechanistic insights into a potential link between epigenetic alterations and multifactorial causes of CL/P phenotypes.
Marital Role Expectations and Power-Sharing between Married Individuals Who Are in the Transition to Parenthood and Who Do Not Have a Child
Authors: Bilgen Ayşe Cansu , Kapıkıran Şahin
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The effects of being a parent can be observed in a wide range such as couple's relationships and gender role dynamics. The purpose of the present study is to compare the marital role expectations and power-sharing of married individuals who are in the transition to parenthood with those who do not have a child. Method: All participants (n = 265) have been married for less than five years. The participants are divided into two groups: married individuals without children (n = 178) and married individuals in the transition to parenthood (n = 87). Participants with their first child (0–36 months) are included in the transition to parenthood group. MANOVA and ANOVA are used in the analysis. Results: According to the results, parents in the transition to parenthood adopt more traditional roles than married individuals who do not have a child. The equality of power-sharing amongst the married individuals who are in the transition was lower than those who do not have a child. Further, there are no differences in terms of gender and the transition to parenthood status (have/do not have a child) joint effect for both dependent variables. In the transition to parenthood, while marital role expectations do not change in the first years of parenthood, power-sharing in the relationship decreases. Conclusion: The results of the study reveal that the transition to parenthood negatively affects gender roles and power-sharing dynamics of married individuals, -compared to married individuals who do not have a child-.
COVID-19 Vaccination Clinic for Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Related Disorders: Feasibility and Acceptability
Authors: Pavlov Alexis , Hodnett Jennifer M. , Booth Chris , Wigton Sarah , Bernstein Alec , Lomas Mevers Joanna , Scheithauer Mindy
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Autistic individuals often have comorbid medical conditions, which can increase the likelihood of being severely affected by COVID-19. The best prevention for this is vaccination. However, some autistic individuals engage in behaviors that might create a barrier to successful vaccination.

Aims:

We describe the development and acceptability of a clinic specializing in the administration of COVID-19 vaccines for individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who exhibit challenging behavior.

Method:

The clinic utilized behavioral antecedent strategies and contingencies to increase compliance with the vaccine and decrease distress associated with the procedure.

Results:

We achieved a 100% success rate with vaccine administration and caregivers reported high satisfaction with the clinic.

Conclusions:

The present vaccine clinic is adaptable to various settings and patients and was well-received overall by caregivers. Replication in different geographic regions may be beneficial when resources allow for this type of clinic.
Online Omics Platform Expedites Industrial Application of Halomonas bluephagenesis TD1.0
Authors: Park Helen , Faulkner Matthew , Toogood Helen S , Chen Guo-Qiang , Scrutton Nigel
Published: May 2023

Multi-omic data mining has the potential to revolutionize synthetic biology especially in non-model organisms that have not been extensively studied. However, tangible engineering direction from computational analysis remains elusive due to the interpretability of large datasets and the difficulty in analysis for non-experts. New omics data are generated faster than our ability to use and analyse results effectively, resulting in strain development that proceeds through classic methods of trial-and-error without insight into complex cell dynamics. Here we introduce a user-friendly, interactive website hosting multi-omics data. Importantly, this new platform allows non-experts to explore questions in an industrially important chassis whose cellular dynamics are still largely unknown. The web platform contains a complete KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analysis derived from principal components analysis, an interactive bio-cluster heatmap analysis of genes, and the Halomonas TD1.0 genome-scale metabolic (GEM) model. As a case study of the effectiveness of this platform, we applied unsupervised machine learning to determine key differences between Halomonas bluephagenesis TD1.0 cultivated under varied conditions. Specifically, cell motility and flagella apparatus are identified to drive energy expenditure usage at different osmolarities, and predictions were verified experimentally using microscopy and fluorescence labelled flagella staining. As more omics projects are completed, this landing page will facilitate exploration and targeted engineering efforts of the robust, industrial chassis H bluephagenesis for researchers without extensive bioinformatics background.
Global and domestic economic policy uncertainties and tourism stock market: Evidence from China
Authors: Liu Han , Yang Peng , Song Haiyan , Wu Doris Chenguang
Published: May 2023

This study investigates the impacts of global economic policy uncertainty (GEPU) and domestic (Chinese) economic policy uncertainty (CEPU) on the long-run volatility of the tourism stock market in China based on an improved GARCH–MIDAS–X model. Empirical results reveal that both CEPU and GEPU have significant negative effects on the long-run volatility of China’s tourism stock market. It is further identified that the impact of GEPU on tourism companies’ performance is short-lived. The findings suggest that tourism-related practitioners should monitor both CEPU and GEPU when conducting risk assessments related to tourism investment and policymaking.
Making a complex story simple: The exclusion of social media from life stories
Authors: Agbarya Aysha , John Nicholas
Published: May 2023

This article offers an account of the absence of media in general, and social media in particular, from a set of life story narratives. After conducting both unstructured life story interviews and semi-structured interviews with 15 Muslim Palestinian women in Israel, we analyzed the stories presented in each interview and the explanations given by interviewees for excluding items about (social) media from their life stories. Interviewees resolved what they saw as a contradiction—referencing “shallow” media in their “serious” stories about their identity—by sifting out items that could threaten the proper flow of such stories, as they perceived it, despite acknowledging their centrality in identity change. Cultural context and individuals’ beliefs are presented as preventing events related to media, especially new media, from being related in life stories. Moreover, our findings show the significance of life story interviews in interviewees’ identity development. It is argued that identities of both interviewer and interviewee play a role in constructing the story told. Life-storying occurs in a complex context that involves introspection, which itself affects the process of the storyteller’s identity formation. This study contributes to debates about the place of media in everyday life, as well as to our understanding of the relationship between identity and life-storying. The argument proposed here—that the absence of media from life stories might be due to conscious considerations rooted in the cultural specificity of those stories—is one that can be tested in further research.
Changes in the socially shared regulation, academic emotions, and product performance in venue-based collaborative learning
Authors: Xu Wei , Lou Ye-Feng
Published: May 2023

Teachers’ knowledge of the socially shared regulation of learning (SSRL) process of learners, which consists of the task analysis, planning, elaboration, and monitoring, can help teachers intervene when students face difficulties during the collaborative learning. Students’ academic emotions have major effects on their learning motivation, cognition, and performance. This study investigated the changes in SSRL, academic emotions, and product performance of high-, medium-, and low-level groups students after they visited an educational technology center and collaboratively designed a learning environment. We recruited 36 juniors majoring in educational technology. Online group discussions were recorded using online chat tools, and a heuristic mining algorithm was employed on this chat data to determine SSRL processes. The participants were asked to express opinions on their major, and this feedback was used to obtain academic emotion information. Additionally, a scoring was employed to measure the participants’ product performance. The high-level group was discovered to exhibit all four SSRL phases and exhibit positive emotions, with activating emotions more common than deactivating emotions. SSRL was discovered to be related to academic performance; higher academic performance correlated with a more standardized SSRL process. Additionally, the higher a participants’ academic performance, the more frequently the participant had positive academic emotions. Overall, the learners in the high-level group paid more attention to the collaborative learning task.
Competence in (meta-)cognitive learning strategies during help-seeking to overcome knowledge-related difficulties
Authors: Schlusche Christian , Schnaubert Lenka , Bodemer Daniel
Published: May 2023

Individual learning strategies evoke (meta-)cognitive processes that enable effective goal-directed learning. Peer-directed academic help-seeking may provide new information, but related interaction processes are challenging. Applying learning strategies during help-seeking may enhance academic success. Competence in using social resources requires conditional knowledge about which strategy fits best for achieving a pursued goal. In this paper, a Situational Judgment Instrument to assess this competence and empirical data regarding the instrument’s subscales are presented. A first study with 38 undergraduates showed that organization and rehearsal were the easiest to identify correctly. Elaboration, evaluation, and argumentation on the other hand were more difficult to distinguish. In a second study with 120 first-semester students a hypothesized moderating effect of the competence on the link between help-seeking and academic success was not found. However, competence degree showed to be positively associated with students’ satisfaction but not with academic achievement. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Insights into the Bernie Madoff financial market scandal which identify new opportunities for business market researchers
Authors: Boddy Clive R.
Published: May 2023

This article reflectively applies measurement tools to gage whether a renowned financier and champion of shareholder capitalism, in 20th century business history, might be categorized as a corporate psychopath. The article examines aspects of the career of the outstanding financial investment manager, Bernie Madoff. Psychopaths and corporate psychopaths are defined as background to the article. Gauges of corporate psychopathy and psychopathy are outlined which could be modified by market research companies to identify corporate psychopathy in organisations as a way of aiding investment decisions into such organisations. The current article concludes that insolvencies such as those at Madoff’s investment company, have been distinguished by CEOs being present who were simultaneously the lauded agents of financial market capitalism and who embodied the traits of the corporate psychopath. The examination of potential corporate psychopaths using this historical methodology helps inform ideas about what the effects of psychopathic leadership may be within economies and gives new insights into the reasons for the greed, risk taking, and unethical practices found in financial markets. Findings support the accepted view that corporate psychopaths can be discovered in senior roles in the financial services sector. This current paper provides new avenues for research offerings from market research companies. For example, business to business researchers could undertake research to identify firms more likely to be longitudinally viable, sustainable and less likely to collapse (i.e., non-psychopathic firms). Investment companies like pension funds could use such research to identify firms that are less risky, more ethical, better led, and therefore safer to invest in.
The effect of weft yarn type and elastomer yarn threading on the properties of elastic warp knitted fabrics. Part II: Thermal comfort properties
Authors: Kyzymchuk Olena , Marmaralı Arzu , Melnyk Liudmyla , Oğlakcıoğlu Nida , Ertekin Gözde , Cüreklibatır Encan Berna , Arabuli Svitlana , Arabuli Arsenii
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study is to determine the performance properties of elastic warp-knitted fabrics used for medical purposes. The samples were knitted using different weft yarn material and changing the threading order of elastomer yarn. The detailed results of the dimensional and elasticity performance of elastic warp-knitted fabrics had been reported in Part I of this series. In this part, the effects of weft yarn material and the threading order of elastomer yarn on the thermal comfort characteristics were investigated. It has been seen that the type and linear density of the transverse weft yarns and the number of elastomer yarns in the fabric structure affected significantly the thermal comfort and permeability characteristics of the developed elastic warp-knitted fabrics. According to the results, using polyester yarns as weft and reducing the number of elastomer yarns led to an increase in air permeability. Additionally, the thermal conductivity characteristics of the fabrics increased as the number of elastomer yarns in the structure increased. It has been seen that from the results, the water vapour resistance coefficient of the samples is appropriate for the usage of these fabrics in medical products.
Humor Training and Diabetes: An Adjunct to Treatment
Authors: Greene David S. , King Nancy Dunavant
Published: May 2023

Positive humor and laughter have long been associated with health and well-being. Although evidence exists that positive humor can be strengthened, there is no evidence that these findings can be generalized to people living with diabetes. This study used a pre-posttest design to examine the effects of a humor training program on four styles of humor. The sample consisted of 30 participants with type 1 diabetes, 76.6% female (n = 23), 90% Caucasian (n = 27), and 76.6% college educated (n = 23). Participants completed the Humor Styles Questionnaire prior to and after completing The 7 Humor Habits Program. Participants demonstrated an increase in both types of positive humor, affiliative humor ( P < .05) ( P-value = .036), and self-enhancing humor ( P < .01) ( P-value = .006). There was no significant difference on either type of negative humor, aggressive humor ( P > .05) ( P-value = .8), or self-defeating humor ( P > .05) ( P-value = .975). Results suggest that people with type 1 diabetes can strengthen their positive sense of humor (affiliative, self-enhancing) while not impacting negative sense of humor (aggressive, self-defeating). Results are discussed relative to strengthening positive styles of humor without increasing styles of humor not associated with effective diabetes management.
Research on the Method of Improving iGPS Dynamic Tracking Accuracy Based on Theoretical Trajectory Backward Compensation
Authors: Han Rui , Trostmann Erik , Dunker Thomas
Published: May 2023

As a result of the ongoing upgrading of the manufacturing industries, higher and higher requirements are being proposed for assembly precision. In particular, in the industries that involve assembly of large-sized products, it is hoped that assembly accuracy can still be guaranteed as the product size increases. The emergence of the indoor Global Positioning System (iGPS) will enable this demand to be met. In this work, we have conducted in-depth research on the measurement principles and the dynamic measurement performance of the iGPS measurement system. In addition, based on the motion equation for the tracked target, an analytical method to calculate the compensation amount required for dynamic measurements is proposed. This method is suitable for accurate measurement of the actual trajectory of a target in real time when the theoretical trajectory of this tracked target is known. We set up a simulation environment in MATLAB and tested the proposed method. The simulation testing proved that the method can compensate effectively for errors in iGPS dynamic measurement.
Anatomical variations of the great saphenous vein at the saphenofemoral junction. A cadaveric study and narrative review of the literature
Authors: Tepelenis Kostas , Papathanakos Georgios , Kitsouli Aikaterini , Barbouti Alexandra , Varvarousis Dimitrios N , Kefalas Athanasios , Anastasopoulos Nikolaos , Paraskevas Georgios , Kanavaros Panagiotis
Published: May 2023

Objectives

The great saphenous vein is the lower limb’s longest and thickest-walled superficial vein. Its anatomy is complex, while its anatomical variations are widespread. This study aimed to illustrate the anatomy and variations of the great saphenous vein at the saphenofemoral junction.

Methods

The study was conducted on 75 fresh-frozen cadaveric lower limbs. Cadavers with evidence of prior leg surgery or trauma and any congenital abnormality or gross deformity were excluded. The saphenofemoral junction was studied in detail with emphasis on the number, incidence, draining pattern of tributaries, and duplication of the great saphenous vein.

Results

Out of the 75 cadaveric lower limbs, 57.3% were obtained from males, and 42.7% were obtained from females. The mean age of the cadaveric lower extremities was 66.6 years (range 42–91). The number of tributaries at the saphenofemoral junction varied from 0 to 7, with a mean of 3.8. The most frequent number of branches was 4–5 in 61.3% of cases. The most consistent tributary was the superficial external pudendal vein, while the posterior accessory great saphenous vein was the least frequent tributary. 80% of the branches drained into the saphenofemoral junction directly (53.3%) or by a common trunk (26.7%%). The most frequent common trunk was the superficial epigastric and superficial circumflex iliac vein (10.7%). The rest 20% of the tributaries drained directly into the common femoral vein. The commonest branch reaching the common femoral vein was the superficial external pudendal vein (10.7%). Duplication of the great saphenous vein was observed in 2.7% of the cases.

Conclusions

There is a significant variation of tributaries at the saphenofemoral junction regarding the number, incidence, draining pattern of branches, and duplication of the great saphenous vein.
A rare case of adult-onset Still's disease presenting in the early postpartum period
Authors: Lieschke Anna , Hasnol Muhammad Haziq , Martin Annabel , Tsai Ted
Published: May 2023

The interplay of pregnancy, the immune system and its impact on autoimmune disease is an area of growing interest. Adult-onset Still's disease is a rare auto-inflammatory disorder characterised by fever, rash, arthralgia and leucocytosis. We describe a rare case of the disease presenting for the first time in the immediate postpartum period, highlighting pregnancy and birth as possible triggers for this condition.
Could statin improve outcomes after pipeline embolization for intracranial aneurysms in a real-world setting?
Authors: Wang Xinrui , Turhon Mirzat , Yang Xinjian , Liu Jianmin , Zhang Hongqi , Li Tianxiao , Song Donglei , Zhao Yuanli , Guan Sheng , Maimaitili Aisha , Wang Yunyan , Feng Wenfeng , Wan Jieqing , Mao Guohua , Shi Huaizhang , An Zhuoling , Wang Yang
Published: May 2023

Background:

Several pharmacological pathways have revealed statin to have a positive role in patients with for intracranial aneurysms. However, prior studies regarding the association between statin use and patients’ outcomes after pipeline embolization device (PED) treatment were not completely supportive.

Objectives:

To investigate whether statin medication following PED treatment would improve the outcomes of intracranial aneurysm patients in a real-world setting.

Design:

A retrospective multicenter cohort study.

Methods:

Patients were selected from the PLUS registry study conducted from November 2014 to October 2019 across 14 centers in China. The population was divided into two groups: those who received statin medication after the PED treatment and those who did not receive statin medication after PED treatment. Study outcomes included angiographic evaluation of aneurysm occlusion, parent arteries stenosis, ischemic and hemorrhage complications, all-cause mortality, neurologic mortality, and functional outcome.

Results:

1087 patients with 1168 intracranial aneurysms were eligible; 232 patients were in the statin user group and the other 855 were in the non-statin user group. For the statin user group versus the non-statin user group, no significant difference was found for the primary outcomes of complete occlusion of aneurysm (82.4% versus 84.2%; p = 0.697). Of the secondary outcomes, none had a significant difference including stenosis of parent arteries ≥ 50% (1.4% versus 2.3%; p = 0.739), total subarachnoid hemorrhage (0.9% versus 2.5%; p = 0.215), all-cause mortality (0.0% versus 1.9%; p = 0.204), neurologic mortality (0.0% versus 1.6%; p = 0.280), excellent (95.5% versus 97.2%; p = 0.877), and favorable (98.9% versus 98.4%; p = 0.933) functional outcomes. The total ischemic complication rate (9.0% versus 7.1%; p = 0.401) was higher but not significant in the statin user group. The propensity score-matched cohort showed similar results. Results of binary multivariable logistic regression analysis and propensity score-matched analysis both showed that statin usage was not independently associated with an increased rate of complete occlusion or any other secondary outcomes. Subgroup analysis found the same result in patients who did not use statin before the procedure.

Conclusion:

Among patients with intracranial aneurysms, statin use after the PED treatment was not significantly associated with better angiographic and clinical outcomes. Well-designed studies are needed to further confirm this finding.
Resilient Hospital Design: From Crimean War to COVID-19
Authors: Tang Kangkang , Chen Bing
Published: May 2023

Objectives:

Serious COVID-19 nosocomial infection has demonstrated a need to design our health services in a different manner. Triggered by the current crisis and the interest in rapid deployable hospital, this article discusses how hospital building layouts can be improved to streamline the patient pathways and thus to reduce the risk of hospital-related infections. Another objective of this work is to explore the possibility to develop flexible and scalable hospital building layouts through modular construction. This enables hospitals to better cope with different future demands and thereby enhance the resilience of the healthcare facilities.

Background:

During the first wave of COVID-19, approximate one-seventh to one-fifth COVID-19 patients and majority of infected healthcare workers acquired the disease in NHS hospitals. Similar issues emerged during the Crimean War (1853–1856) when more soldiers died from infectious diseases rather than of battlefield casualties in Scutari Hospital. This led to an important collaborative work between Florence Nightingale, who looked into this problem statistically, and Isambard Kingdom Brunel, who designed the rapid deployment Renkioi Hospital which yielded a death rate 90% lower than that in Scutari Hospital. While contemporary medical research and practice have moved beyond Nightingale’s concept of contagion, challenges of optimizing hospital building layouts to support healing and effectively combat nosocomial infections still pose elusive problems that require further investigation.

Methods:

Through case study investigations, this article evaluates the risk of nosocomial infections of airborne transmissions under different building layouts, and this provides essential data for infection control in the new-build or refurbished healthcare projects.

Results:

Improved hospital layout can be achieved through reconfiguration of rooms and concourse. Design interventions through evidence-based infection risk analysis can reduce congestion and provide extra separation and compartmentalization which will contribute the reduced nosocomial infection rate.

Conclusions:

A resilient hospital shall be able to cope with unexpected circumstances and be flexible to change when new challenges arise, without compromising the safety and well-being of frontline medical staff and other patients. Such an organizational resilience depends on not only flexible clinical protocols but also flexible hospital building layouts. The latter allows hospitals to get better prepared for rapidly changing patient expectations, medical advances, and extreme weather events. The reconfigurability of an existing healthcare facility can be further enhanced through modular construction, standardization of building components, and additional space considered.
Jonathan Edwards’s Affective Anthropology
Authors: Strobel Kyle
Published: May 2023

Jonathan Edwards (1703–1758) is often utilized in modern philosophical and psychological research as the theologian of affect. While affection is, undoubtedly, at the heart of his theological enterprise, one might mistakenly assume that affections are equivalent to our contemporary understanding of emotions. This article argues that this is a reduction of Edwards’s view, who advances a theological psychology rather than its secular counterpart. To address the question of what an emotion is within the context of Edwards’s theological psychology, this article addresses Edwards’s use of the term “emotion” alongside of his understanding of the affections and the passions within both an unregenerate and a regenerate frame. This focus is developed, not for its own sake, but to consider inquiries concerning the felt experience of the Christian life of affection, and questions concerning the formation of one’s experiential life.
Towards an Educational Leadership: Functions and Failures Perceived by Teachers and Management Teams
Authors: Vázquez-Toledo Sandra , Latorre-Cosculluela Cecilia , Liesa Orús Marta
Published: May 2023

The leader has the responsibility of creating participatory management models that demand competencies in accordance with institutional challenges. This study aims to analyze the functions, areas of action and deficiencies perceived by teachers and members of management teams in a leader’s professional performance. From a quantitative methodological approach, 251 managers and teachers of urban public schools participated in the study. The results show that current conditions do not always offer the possibility of exercising pedagogical and democratic leadership. Excess bureaucratic tasks and lack of training to perform them are mentioned.