bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acetylation of three Ghanaian hardwood species - Asanfena (Aningeria robusta), Dahoma (Piptadeniastrum africanum) and Kaku (Lophira alata)
Authors: Marfo Eric D.
Published: April 2018

The diffusion of chemicals and chemical reaction within the wood bulk are affected by many factors. One of these factors is the wood ultrastructure because the chemicals have to diffuse through the wood matrix to reach the sites where they will react. In this study three Ghanaian hardwood species with different densities were acetylated and the effect of the densities on thepercentage hydrogen substitution and weight percentage gain as well as the effect of the modification on dimensional stabilization of the species were analyzed. The densities of the three wood species affected the percentage hydroxyl substitution as well as the weight percentage gain due to the modification. The results showed that the higher the density of the wood species, the lower the percentage hydroxyl substitution at the same condition of temperature, concentration of the reagent and time of reaction.
Impact mitigation of urban construction: logistics solutions and strategies in Europe
Authors: Bardi Andrea , Tu Eleonora , Ferrero Francesco , Castay Valérie , Guerlain Cindy , Dell'Amico Mauro
Published: April 2018

The construction sector affects urban logistics, yet its important impacts have often been neglected in urban policies. This paper discusses the need for solutions to mitigate freight urban logistics and shows the findings of the H2020 project SUCCESS with respect to the introduction of Construction Consolidation Centres (CCCs). It was found that introduction of CCCs could bring great environmental, societal and economic benefits, even though each project must be considered individually. 

A model was developed to estimate the impacts of CCCs based on the input data of four construction sites in big cities in Europe. Simulations were performed to generate a number of scenarios, which were used as input to the mathematical model of the stochastic facility location problem. Information collected at the construction sites and the stochastic data generated were used to produce a series of KPIs to evaluate the opportunity of using a CCC and its sustainability.

We also investigated construction logistics in 12 European cities, analysing their approach, solutions adopted and policy frameworks in place through. Having analysed ases from large and medium-sized European cities, the paper represents a very extensive study in terms of urban logistics impacts and solutions related to the construction sector. The implications of these findings are discussed to improve policies in construction logistics.
Burdur-Gölhisar Yöresi Anadolu Karaçamı [Pinus nigra Arnold. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe] Popülasyonlarında Üreme x Büyüme Özellikleri Etkileşimi
Authors: Çerçioğlu Mahmut , Bilir Nebi
Published: April 2018

Çalışmada, Anadolu
Karaçamı’nın [Pinus nigra Arnold.
subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe] yükselti basamağına göre (1300 m
<, ≤1300-1600 m<, 1600 m ≤)  örneklenen, üç doğal popülasyon ve 270 bireyine
ait iki yıllık (2015-2016) veriler ışığında, çiçek, kozalak ve tohum
özellikleri ile büyüme özellikleri arasındaki ilişkilerin tahmin edilerek türün
silvikültürel uygulamaları ile diğer ormancılık faaliyetlerine katkı sağlanması
amaçlanmıştır. Uygulanan korelasyon analizi sonucunda üreme özellikleri
arasında genel olarak istatistiksel bakımdan anlamlı (p<0.05) pozitif ilişkiler belirlenirken; üreme özellikleri ile
büyüme özellikleri ve yükselti arasındaki ilişkilerler yıl, popülasyon ve
özelliğe göre değişim göstermiştir.
Validation of SERVQUAL Model in Relation to Customer Loyalty: Evidence from FMCGs in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Ammar , Khuwaja Faiz Muhammad , Othman Ismail Bin Lebai , Qureshi Muhammad Asif , Ali Rao Akmal
Published: April 2018

The aim of this study is to make a scientific contribution to understanding the relationship between SERVQUAL model and customer loyalty. The primary objective is to examine the composite relationship between SERVQUAL model and customer loyalty from the perspective of FMCG customers. The second objective is to investigate the relationship between each dimension of the SERVQUAL model in relation to customer loyalty. Through the self-rated survey, data was collected from the 400 walk-in customers of FMCG firms. Using PLS-SEM approach, the validation of SERVQUAL model was analyzed in relation to customer loyalty. Also, the influence of each dimension of service quality on customer loyalty was examined. The findings of primary objective revealed that the SERVQUAL model is significantly and positively linked to the customer loyalty. Further, the findings of the second objective revealed that each dimension of the SERVQUAL model has a significant relationship with the customer loyalty and depicts noteworthy contribution of service quality in literature. These findings suggest that SERVQUAL model is capable of being effectively used to evaluate the service quality in the FMCG market of Pakistan. Implications and future opportunities of the study are discussed.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SERBUK DAUN TANAMAN KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmannii) PADA PAKAN TERHADAP PROFIL DARAH (KADAR HEMATOKRIT, KADAR HEMOGLOBIN, TOTAL LEUKOSIT DAN TOTAL ERITROSIT) IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) YANG DIINFEKSI Streptococcus agalactiae
Authors: Lestari Sri , Rahmawati Firma Fika , Jumadi Rahmad
Published: April 2018

Bacterial disease like Streptococcosis which is caused by Streptoccoccusagalactiae becomesthe most important problem that often arise in the aquaculture business. The disease can be100% cause of death. One of the prevention efforts is using phytopharmaca in cinnamon leaf(Cinnamomunburmanni). This traditional herb is eco-friendly, safe for consumers and it does nothave any residue. Chemical compounds contained in cinnamon leaves have function asantioxidants, to increase metabolism, growth and non-specific immune response in fish. Thisstudy is to determine the effect and find the best dose of the addition of cinnamon leaf powder infood given to Tilapia that infected by Streptococcus agalactaiae. The tested dose is 0%, 0.25%,0.5%, 1%. Observed parameters were blood profile (hematocrit level, hemoglobin level, totalerythrocytes and total leukocytes) and water quality. The results were analyzed by ANOVA usingRAL with 95% credibility level. The results obtained in the study by adding cinnamon leafpowder to the given food to tilapia that was infected by Streptococcus agalactiae affect the bloodprofile (hematocrit level, hemoglobin level, total erythrocytes and total leukocytes). A dose of0.25% is the best dose for hematocrit level, hemogobline level and erythrocytes total. While thedose of 1% is the best dose for the total value of leukocytes. Doses of 0.25% and 1% can beapplied to tilapia culture to prevent Streptococcosis disease caused by Streptococcus agalactiaebacteria.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PENGRAJIN SONGKOK DI KECAMATAN GRESIK KABUPATEN GRESIK
Authors: Usman Riskia Habiba
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this research is to identify the influence factors of income’s craftmen songkok in District Gresik. This research used 48 respondents as samples. Primer data were used in this research. This research tested four independent variables, namely asset, productivity, work experience and kreativity which effected dependent variable, income. This research is also to find out the effect of asset, productivity, work experience and kreativity toward income by using two-way linear regression method. The result of the research showed that asset and work experience significantly affect income, while productivity and kreativity not significantly affect income.
ANALISIS PEMILIHAN SUPPLIER BAHAN BAKU PADA CV GENERAL TIMBER INDONESIA
Authors: Supiani Lilis
Published: April 2018

This study aims to determine the system of decision-making and priority criteria in supplier selection. Supplier selection is part of the supply chain. The role of suppliers affect the production process of a company as a supplier is a major business partner in the operation of the company's work. every manufacturing company has a standard priority suppliers so that it takes an analytical tool for decision-making. Method Analythical Hierarcy Process (AHP) is a decision making method of analysis used in decision-making with a systems approach, where decision-makers are trying to understand a condition of the system and help make predictions in decision-making. Distributing questioner to determine priority criteria CV General Timber supplier in Indonesia.The results of evaluation research in the company's performance CV General Timber Indonesia, there are five priorities, namely Cost supplier criteria with a weighting of 0.29%, Quality 0,26%, Quantity by 0.16%, Delivery 0.15% and Flexibility of 0.13 %
APLIKASI ERGONOMI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA OPERATOR DAN OUTPUT PRODUKSI PADA PROSES TAPER
Authors: Achmad Maulidina
Published: April 2018

Indospring Tbk adalah sebuah perusahaan otomotif manufacturing yang memproduksi spring dengan mutu tinggi dengan menerapkan mutu ISO 9002:2000. Hasil produksinya selama ini untuk memenuhi pemesanan dari dunia otomotif dalam negeri maupun luar negeri. Rata-rata output produsi (PO) Hot Coil perbulan = 40.000 pcs/bln, kendala yang membuat output kurang maksimal adalah output taper tidak sesuai dengan standart (tebal dan panjang), dan adanya keluhan pada bagian tubuh seperti bahu kiri, bahu kanan, pinggang, lengan bawah kiri dan lengan bawah kanan. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keluhan fisik operator sehingga penulis dapat membuat alternatif solusi yang baik guna mengurangi keluhan fisik yang terjadi selama proses taper dan membuat rancangan yang ergonomis dengan perhitungan data anthropometri dan data persentil.
PENGEMBANGAN MECHANIC CUTTING DENGAN TIGA DERAJAT KEBEBASAN BERBASIS BALLSCREW
Authors: Suroso Suroso , Lukmana Aryanda , Sanyoto Nugroho Tri
Published: April 2018

Telah dilakukan pengembangan mecahnic Cutting dengan tiga derajat kebebasan berbasis ballscrew yang bertujuan dapat melakukan pemotongan material lembaran atau plat untuk skala laboratorium. Mechanic cutting ini dirancang menggunakan ballscrew dan linear guideway dan motor stepper, untuk melakukan gerak axis horisontal X dan Y serta gerak axis vertikal Z. Perhitungan dilakukan terhadap pemilihan komponen mechanic cutting agar mampu melakukan gerak untuk 3 derajat kebebasan. Hasil dari disain didapat diameter ballscrew ½ inch, torsi sebesar 4, 87mm , hasil pengujian mekanik untuk sumbu X sejauh 300 mm dengan kecepatan geser 5 mm/s ,sumbuY sejauh 200 mm dengan kecepatan geser 5 mm/s, serta pada sumbu Z sejauh 75 mm dengan kecepatan geser 12,5 mm/s dan galat gerakan sebesar 0,14%.
LOYALITAS KONSUMEN : PERAN CITRA MEREK PASMIRA DI GRESIK
Authors: Herawaty Anisa
Published: April 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh citra merek terhadap loyalitas konsumen pasmira Gresik. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen yang berkunjung dan membeli di outlet pasmira Gresik dengan teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling, dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 150 orang. Validitas dan reliabilitas item menggunakan pemodelan RASCH. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linier sederhana. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan r = 0,729, p= 0,000 (p<0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan ada hubungan positif antara citra merek dengan loyalitas konsumen. Hasil uji regresi (uji t) menunjukkan nilai beta nol = -2,138 (α) dan nilai (b1) = 0,282 maka persamaan garis regresi menggunakan Least Squares method (y = a + bx), y = -2,138 + 0,282x. Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi ditarik kesimpulan Ha ditolak Ho diterima. Hal menunjukkan tidak terdapat pengaruh secara parsial antara variabel citra merek terhadap variabel loyalitas konsumen.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENJURUSAN SISWA PADA SMA PANCAMARGA 1 LAMONGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUZZY
Authors: Fathoni Ahmad , Mustain Mustain , Wardhani Retno
Published: April 2018

must know what factors affect the performance of teachers. The results of the analysis will be beneficial to make the education development program optimally and it is very necessary to advance the quality of education. Students need special attention from the government and society therefore the government regulates the improvement of the quality of teachers or teachers nationally through Law No. 20 of 2003 on National education system. In order to enforce the law, the government issued Regulation No. 19 of 2004 on the National Education standard. Therefore developed sebi student decision support system on the sma pancamarga 1 Lamongan using fuzzy.
A PSYCHOANALYSIS ON HELENA DE NARBONS MOTIVES AS SEEN IN WILLIAM SHAKESPEARES ALLS WELL THAT ENDS WELL
Authors: Astuti Diah
Published: April 2018

This study aims to describe the essential roles of motives as humans drive in reaching ones goals and purposes in life. The analysis on motives of the female character, Helena de Narbon, was portrayed psychologically in two perspectives namely the psychological factors that have become the background of Helena de Narbons insistence to get married with Bertram and the point of view from Helena de Narbon in viewing the feminine roles at that age that she has from her family valuesKeywords: Psychoanalysis, motive, motivational drive, masculine, feminine
TIGA MODEL PERAN STRATEGIS PESANTREN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Madekhan Madekhan
Published: April 2018

Kajian ini berupaya menggambarkan bagaimana pesantren saat ini dituntut untuk melakukan pembaruan   perannya   di   masyarakat.   Melalui   studi   kepustakaan,   dihasilkan   sejumlah kerangka  konseptual  terkait  peran  pesantren yang  sesuai  kondisi  kekinian  di  Indonesia. Melalui  model  analisis  pembelajaran  yang  selama  ini  diterapkan di pesantren, ditemukan bahwa pesantren semakin banyak mengadopsi pola dan muatan pembelajaran lembaga-lembaga pendidikan di luarnya. Hal ini terjadi didorong oleh upaya Pesantren untuk lebih berperan menyiapkan alumninya mampu memecahkan berbagai persoalan yang dihadapi masyarakat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Implikasi dari gerakan pembaruan peran, muncul tiga model peran, yaitu Model 1, lembaga pendidikan, dimana selain berperan sebagai lembaga pendidikan Islam, pengembangan keilmuan, dan kepelatihan life skill santri. Model 2, Pesantren Sebagai Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat. Model 3, pesantren sebagai sentra pendidikan kewirausahaan.Keywords: Model Peran, Pesantren
Pemberian Scaffolding untuk Mengatasi Kesalahan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika
Authors: Hanifah Ayu Ismi
Published: April 2018

Untuk mengembangkan cara berpikir dalam pembelajaran matematika perlu adanya pemberian masalah matematika. Adanya masalah matematika dapat menyelesaikan masalah karena dengan dengan penyelesaian masalah merupakan bagian dari pembelajaran matematika. Pemberian masalah matematika ini digunakan guna mengukur kemampuan siswa dalam menguasai materi yang telah dipelajari. Tidak memungkinkan adanya siswa mengalami kesalahan ketika menyelesaikan masalah bahkan ketika siswa memahami suatu konsep matematika. Salah satu cara yang mungkin untuk mengatasi kesalahan siswa yaitu dengan memberikan scaffolding. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan scaffolding yang diberikan untuk mengatasi kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini berupa data tertulis, kata-kata, dan hasil dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian scaffolding untuk mengatasi kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika yaitu 1) Scaffolding dalam penyusunan model matematika dalam bentuk aljabar; 2) Scaffolding dalam membangun kembali konsep bangun datar, khususnya luas dan keliling persegi dan persegi panjang; 3) Scaffolding dalam menyelesaikan operasi bentuk aljabar; dan 4) Scaffolding dalam memanfaatkan teorema Pythagoras dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika.Keywords: scaffolding, kesalahan, masalah matematika
Optimasi Algoritma Genetika Dalam Menentukan Rute Optimal Topologi Cincin Pada Wide Area Network
Authors: Luqman Muhammad , P Muhammad Septama , Clara Virginia , WLW Trigati , Hamidan Rusdi
Published: April 2018

Implementasi jaringan komputer memiliki banyak masalah, terutama pada Wide Area Network (WAN), salah satunya adalah masalah routing. Routing masalah adalah bagaimana melakukan transmisi data antara node dengan jalur tercepat, terutama dalam topologi ring. Dalam topologi ring, setiap simpul hanya bisa dilalui oleh sebanyak satu. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, kami menggunakan algoritma genetika. Kami telah diuji pada arsitektur wan dari PT. XYZ terletak di Kotawaringin Barat, Kalimantan Tengah. Dengan ukuran populasi 100, metode seleksi elitisme, dan tingkat mutasi 0,08, hasil yang optimal diperoleh dengan jarak akhir adalah 44. Penggunaan metode seleksi elitisme dan nilai rate mutasi sangat berpengaruh untuk mendapatkan rute yang optimal.
Aplikasi Tombol Bantuan Keamanan Kampus Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda Menggunakan Client Server Berbasis Android
Authors: Setyadi Hario Jati
Published: April 2018

Keamanan kampus khususnya di lingkungan universitas mulawarman merupakan salah satu faktor utama di dalam terciptanya kenyamanan dan keamanan. Keamanan selama berkegiatan di kawasan kampus Universitas Mulawarman (Unmul) sempat jadi perhatian publik. Tindak kriminalitas, antara lain pencurian, tidak jarang terjadi di lingkungan Kampus Hijau. Hal tersebut lantas jadi topik dalam diskusi yang digarap Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa (BEM) KM Unmul untuk meredam tindak kejahatan, dengan inovasi teknologi . Terinspirasi dari Aplikasi Panic Button yang telah di gunakan pihak kepolisian, Penelitian ini bertujuan bagaimana  menggunakan teknologi smartphone android  sebagai cara menekan tindak kriminalitas dan masalah-masalah keamanan yang ada di kampus Universitas Mulawarman. Dengan  pembuatan aplikasi berbasis Android menggunakan google maps api ini diharapkan pihak kemananan kampus dapat memonitoring keamanan lingkungan kampusnya secara lebih efisien dan menciptakan rasa aman  kepada seluruh civitas akademika  di Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda. Aplikasi  keamanan kampus ini menggunakan client server , aplikasi web server di tempatkan pada komputer di pos keamanan kampus dan aplikasi android dapat digunakan secara langsung oleh civitas akademika Unmul  untuk menampilkan terjadinya tindak krimininalitas dan pihak kemanana kampus dapat segera  memberikan respon menuju tempat lokasi terjadinya kriminalitas dengan cepat dan tepat.
Implementasi Metode SMART pada Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler untuk Siswa SMA
Authors: Magrisa Tisa , Wardhani Kartina Diah Kusuma , Saf Maksum Ro’is Adin
Published: April 2018

Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler merupakan suatu bagian internal dari proses belajar yang menekankan pada kebutuhan siswa. Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler dapat menjadi sarana untuk menyalurkan bakat dan mendorong perkembangan potensi pada anak didik agar mencapai taraf maksimum. Banyaknya kegiatan ekstrakurikuler yang ada pada sekolah tersebut membuat siswa sulit untuk menentukan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler apa yang harus diikuti, sehingga tidak jarang siswa tersebut salah memilih ekstrakurikuler dan tidak sesuai dengan potensi yang mereka miliki. Salah satu solusi untuk membantu para siswa dalam memilih kegiatan ekstrakurikuler adalah dengan menggunakan sistem pendukung keputusan pemilihan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler dengan Metode Simple Multy Atribute Rating Technique (SMART). Metode SMART yang digunakan pada pembuatan sistem pendukung keputusan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler ini  telah mampu menjawab masalah yang ada dengan adanya respon dari responden sebesar 83,415% sangat setuju bahwa sistem ini mampu membantu siswa dalam memilih kegiatan ekstrakurikuler.
MEMBANGUN MASYARAKAT SIPIL KRITIS : UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK ASASI MANUSIA (HAM)
Authors: Ferricha Dian
Published: April 2018

Pandangan  hidup  bernegara  telah  dijelaskan  dalam  Undang-Undang  Dasar1945. Secara eksplisit dinyatakan bahwa Indonesia adalah negara hukum (rechstaat) bukan  negara  kekuasan  (machstaat).  Artinya  tata  cara  bagaimana  bertingkah  laku antara subyek hukum satu dengan yang lainnya telah dinyatakan oleh para pendiri Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI) pada waktu itu sekaligus meletakkan rambu-rambu kontrol atau pengendali terhadap siapa saja yang diberi kepercayaan untuk menyelenggarakan pemerintahan. Namun kenyataan marak sekali pelanggaran hak asasi manusia (HAM) dalam penerapan hukum yang bertujuan memberikan keadilan  dan  perlindungan  kepada warganya.  Masyarakat  belum  dianggap  sebagai partner penentu kebijakan yang dapat memberikan solusi konkret terhadap permasalahan HAM. Anehnya masyarakat merupakan obyek yang terus dilemahkan oleh pemerintah. Hal ini berdampak pada kurangnya kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap segala kebijakan pemerintah mengenai HAM dan menumbuhkan krisis kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap pemerintahan yang ada. Untuk itu dibutuhkan solusi dalam perlindungan  hukum  terhadap  HAM  yaitu  Pemerintah  diharapkan  lebih memberdayakan masyarakat untuk ikut andil dalam menentukan segala kebijakan (policy) terutama pada penyelesaian HAM dan penegakan supremasi hukum sehingga akan mempermudah terciptanya masyarakat sipil yang kritis terhadap perlindungan hukum di bidang HAM. Kata kunci : masyarakat kritis, perlindungan hukum, hak asasi manusia.
Variabilidad genotípica y ambiental del peso, tamaño y aceite del grano de girasol (Helianthus annuus L.) en el Noreste argentino.
Authors: Rocca Paola , Martino Laureano , Rausch Analía , Zuil Sebastián G.
Published: April 2018

La relación tegumento/embrión es uno de los principales factores que afectan el porcentaje de aceite en girasol. Mayores proporciones de embrión incrementa la cantidad de aceite del grano. En la actualidad, no es claro el efecto ambiental y la variabilidad genotípica en híbridos modernos de girasol de la relación tegumento/embrión y el porcentaje de aceite del grano. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron i) determinar la variabilidad genotípica y ambiental para porcentaje de aceite y proporción de tegumento y embrión en el Noreste Argentino y ii) analizar la influencia de variables ambientales sobre la relación de tegumento/embrión y el porcentaje de aceite del grano de girasol. Se realizaron 4 experimentos durante la campaña 2014/2015 en las localidades de Reconquista (en dos fechas de siembra), Ceres y Villa Ocampo. Los tratamientos consistieron en una combinación de cuatro ambientes y quince híbridos comerciales de girasol. Las determinaciones realizadas fueron tipo de grano, tamaño (largo y ancho), peso de grano, peso y espesor del tegumento, peso del embrión, contenido de aceite de embrión y grano. Se realizaron análisis de componentes principales para explicar las relaciones de cada componente con las variables medidas. El porcentaje de aceite varió entre 55,2 y 43,3, mientras que el porcentaje de aceite de embrión varió entre 53,5 y 66,4%. En el porcentaje de aceite en el grano y relación tegumento/embrión se observaron diferencias significativas entre híbridos y ambientes. El rango obtenido en peso de grano fue de 29 a 91 mg. Uno de los factores ambientales más importantes que se relacionó con las variables fue la temperatura máxima y media durante el llenado de granos. Estos resultados contribuyen a la toma de decisiones sobre estabilidad y adaptación genotípica como así también herramienta para el mejoramiento genético para incrementar el porcentaje de aceite de futuros híbridos.
Reflections of the Spanish Renaissance
Authors: Cor Laurence W.
Published: April 2018

The action of Henry de Montherlant's play, The Master of Santiago takes place in Avila in 1519. Twenty seven years before, Spain had thrown off the last vestiges of Moorish domination. And in the same year, 1492, Columbus discovered America. One of the characters sees in these simultaneous events the hand of Providence. "If there was anything sublime in this world, it is that." (Act I, Scene IV).
Translation and Second Language Learning
Authors: Hummel Kirsten M.
Published: April 2018

This paper examines the useful role that translation may have in L2 learning. Most language teaching approaches discourage any appreciable recourse to translation. Nevertheless, translation serves to focus attention on structural differences between the first and second languages that composing directly in the L2 cannot do in the same explicit manner. In addition, there exists psycholinguistic evidence for certain cognitive advantages associated with the translation process. Experiments carried out with subtitling and concurrent exposure to an audio track reveal the particular effectiveness of pairing LI dialogue with L2 script. Translation may have a similar effect. It is proposed that the "elaborateness of processing" view in memory research supports the suggestion that translation may lead to a more elaborate and therefore more durable memory encoding.
Toward understanding the second language learning of Arab students in Israel and Canada: The relationship of attitudes and cultural background to reading comprehension
Authors: Abu-Rabia Salim , Feuerverger Grace
Published: April 2018

This study investigates the relationship of attitudes and of cultural background of 126 eighth-grade Arab students both in Israel and in Canada to their reading comprehension of majority and minority group cultural stories (i.e., Jewish and Arab cultural stories in Israel; Western and Arab cultural stories in Canada). Results showed that in the Israeli-Arab social context when students were given stories that reflected their cultural background, they scored higher on tasks of reading comprehension than when stories were culturally unfamiliar, regardless of the language of the text. However, in the Canadian context, the Arab students scored higher whenever they read stories in English, regardless of the cultural content of these stories. Furthermore, the results of the attitudes questionnaires showed that in Israel the motivation of Arab students in learning Hebrew was primarily instrumental rather than integrative. In the Canadian social context, Arab male students also showed only an instrumental motivation in learning English; however, it is noteworthy that in the Canadian context, Arab female students indicated a strong integrative motivation in learning English.

The findings of this study indicate that the intersection between education and society cannot be ignored. In terms of language education, it is essential to develop appropriate pedagogies that respond to the diversity of the social contexts in which the learners are situated.
Learning English as a Second Language in Kindergarten: A Community of Practice Perspective
Authors: Toohey Kelleen
Published: April 2018

This paper examines a kindergarten in which half the students are learning English as a second language. Using the notions of community of practice and legitimate peripheral participation as outlined by Lave and Wenger (1991), Eckert and McConnell-Ginet (1992) and others, this ethnographic study describes the communities in which two newcomer children participate peripherally; the identities, social practices and resources that are available in these communities for newcomers; the organization of each community's 'social shucture …, its power relations and its conditions for legitimacy' (Lave & Wenger, p. 98); and how these conditions define possibilities for learning.
A dynamic model slicing approach for system comprehension during software evolution
Authors: Guan Hui , Yang Hongji , Wen Zhaoxin , Li Yang
Published: April 2018

Software evolution is an important issue for the development of high-quality software. Explosive development of the Internet demands software being evolved ever rapidly. However, legacy systems are very likely to outgrow the graphical model. As the complexity of systems keep increasing, more nodes and edges are added to the diagram, this lead to the diagram getting less readability. In the meanwhile, it is hard for software reengineers to investigate the legacy system in the higher abstraction view. Therefore, for the strategy of coping with legacy system evolution, this paper proposes a dynamic model slicing approach to facilitate the legacy system evolution. The case study shows the proposed approach is useful and efficient.
Multi-culture diversity based self adaptive particle swarm optimization for optimal floorplanning
Authors: Vinay Kumar S.B. , Rao P.V. , Singh Manoj Kumar
Published: April 2018

Floorplanning is the central part of the physical design of “Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI)” circuit design. It decides the core performance characteristics of the fabricated chip. It is possible to model the floorplanning issue as a multi-objective problem, where a number of objectives satisfied simultaneously. Based on the complexity point of view, it is an NP-hard problem, which means getting an optimal solution is a challenging task. In order to resolve this problem, in this paper, an adversity-based multi-cultureself-adaptive form of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has proposed. Multi-objective optimization approach has applied to minimize the layout area required to place all modules and their total interconnection wire length. The proposed solution has multicultural integration, which provides the ability to explore the solution space faster and efficiently. Diversity-based self-adaptation of parameters provides the optimum balance among the exploration as well as exploitation. Finally, the experimental results showed the advantages in comparison to other variations of PSO in delivering the compact and robust performances.
Optimal transmit antenna selection for LTE system using self-adaptive grey wolf optimization
Authors: Deotale Nitin , Kolekar Uttam , Kondelwar Anuradha
Published: April 2018

In general, MIMO upgrades the radio communication with improved capacity and reliability. As there is a presence of multiple antennas at transmitter and receiver side, the proper Transmit Antenna Selection (TAS) for attaining effective performance is still a challenging point. This paper intends to introduce a TAS algorithm in LTE system using Self-Adaptive Grey Wolf Optimization (SAGWO) for improving the system performance. It introduces self-adaptiveness in the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) by determining the capacity improvement accomplished by each candidate solution for the TAS problem followed by updating the candidate solution based on the improvement. The simulation model considers both Rayleigh channel and Rician channel, for four antenna configurations like 2 [Formula: see text] 2, 3 [Formula: see text] 2, 4 [Formula: see text] 2 and 4 [Formula: see text] 4. To the next of the simulation, it compares the performance of SAGWO-TAS with EDB-TAS, ECB-TAS, ABC-TAS, GA-TAS, FF-TAS, PSO-TAS and GWO-TAS, i.e., traditional TAS models using Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Ergodic Capacity (ECB), Euclidean Distance (EDB), Firefly (FF), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and GWO, respectively. It observes the BER (bit error ratio) and mean BER at varied SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) in the analysis section. The analysis proves that the BER is highly reduced for proposed optimal TAS model.
A novel hand gesture recognition method based on 2-channel sEMG
Authors: Yu Hailong , Fan Xueli , Zhao Lebin , Guo Xiaoyang
Published: April 2018

Hand gesture recognition is getting more and more important in the area of rehabilitation and human machine interface (HMI). However, most current approaches are difficult to achieve practical application because of an excess of sensors. In this work, we proposed a method to recognize six common hand gestures and establish the optimal relationship between hand gesture and muscle by utilizing only two channels of surface electromyography (sEMG). We proposed an integrated approach to process the sEMG data including filtering, endpoint detection, feature extraction, and classifier. In this study, we used one-order digital lowpass infinite impulse response (IIR) filter with the cutoff frequency of 500 Hz to extract the envelope of the sEMG signals. The energy was utilized as a feature to detect the endpoint of motion. The short-time energy, zero-crossing rate and linear predictive coefficient (LPC) with 12 levels were chosen as the features and back propagation (BP) neural network was utilized to classify. In order to test the method, five subjects were involved in the experiment to test the hypothesis. With the proposed method, 96.41% to 99.70% recognition rate was obtained. The experimental results revealed that the proposed method is highly efficient both in sEMG data acquisition and hand motions recognition, and played a role in promoting hand rehabilitation and HMI.
Noise reduction algorithm with the soft thresholding based on the Shannon entropy and bone-conduction speech cross- correlation bands
Authors: Na Sung Dae , Wei Qun , Seong Ki Woong , Cho Jin Ho , Kim Myoung Nam
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:

The conventional methods of speech enhancement, noise reduction, and voice activity detection are based on the suppression of noise or non-speech components of the target air-conduction signals. However, air-conduced speech is hard to differentiate from babble or white noise signals.

OBJECTIVE:

To overcome this problem, the proposed algorithm uses the bone-conduction speech signals and soft thresholding based on the Shannon entropy principle and cross-correlation of air- and bone-conduction signals.

METHODS:

A new algorithm for speech detection and noise reduction is proposed, which makes use of the Shannon entropy principle and cross-correlation with the bone-conduction speech signals to threshold the wavelet packet coefficients of the noisy speech.

RESULTS:

The proposed method can be get efficient result by objective quality measure that are PESQ, RMSE, Correlation, SNR.

CONCLUSION:

Each threshold is generated by the entropy and cross-correlation approaches in the decomposed bands using the wavelet packet decomposition. As a result, the noise is reduced by the proposed method using the MATLAB simulation. To verify the method feasibility, we compared the air- and bone-conduction speech signals and their spectra by the proposed method. As a result, high performance of the proposed method is confirmed, which makes it quite instrumental to future applications in communication devices, noisy environment, construction, and military operations.
Safety evaluation and consideration of 4 Pin Multi-needle for meso-therapy
Authors: Kim Jun-Tae , Choi Ahnryul , Jeong Jin-Hyoung , Jo Jae-Hyun , Ryu Ok-Su , Kim Eun-Ji , Kim Ki-Young , Song Mi-Hee , Song Young-Ho , Shin Woon-Seob , Lee Sang-Sik
Published: April 2018

This study was conducted according to the method presented in the Republic of Korea Pharmacopoeia 11th Revision, aseptic test method to evaluate the suitability of sterilization for a sterile needle (4 Pin Multi-needle). In this study, four tests were conducted: sterility test, cytotoxicity test, acute toxicity test, skin sensitization test. First, in the aseptic test, the microorganism was not proliferated in the aseptic test of the medium. As a result of the performance test of the medium, it was confirmed that the microorganism developed within 3 days and the fungus was evident within 5 days. Based on this, it was confirmed that the medium was suitable, and as a result of the aseptic test, the development of microorganisms was not observed during the total culture period. Based on these results, tests were conducted which were confirmed to be suitable for aseptic testing because the development of bacteria on the provided samples was not recognized. For cytotoxicity tests ISO10993-5; 2009 (Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices, Part 5: Test for in vitro Cytotoxicity). As a result, the MEM eluate of the test substance caused very slight cytotoxicity to the fibroblasts of the mouse and was judged to be Grade 1 (Slightly cytotoxic) according to the judgment standard of ISO 10993-5. On the other hand, solvent control, negative control and positive control showed the expected results on the test. Acute Toxicity Test Results: It was judged that there was no systemic toxicity change when ICR mice were treated with 50 mL/kg B.W. of the eluate of sterile injectable needle for 72 hours. Skin sensitization test result: The Hartley guinea pig was evaluated as a substance which is evaluated as a substance which does not induce any skin reaction when skin sensitization is applied to the dissected material of the sterile injectable needle and is weak in skin sensitivity. Based on the above tests, we will study the stability and efficacy of more reliable medical devices based on the verification and performance of medical devices.
Classification of single-channel EEG signals for epileptic seizures detection based on hybrid features
Authors: Lu Yanan , Ma Yu , Chen Chen , Wang Yuanyuan
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:

Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder of the brain. Clinically, epileptic seizures are usually detected via the continuous monitoring of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals by experienced neurophysiologists.

OBJECTIVE:

In order to detect epileptic seizures automatically with a satisfactory precision, a new method is proposed which defines hybrid features that could characterize the epileptiform waves and classify single-channel EEG signals.

METHODS:

The hybrid features consist of both the ones usually used in EEG signal analysis and the Kraskov entropy based on Hilbert-Huang Transform which is proposed for the first time. With the hybrid features, EEG signals are classified and the epileptic seizures are detected.

RESULTS:

Three datasets are used for test on three binary-classification problems defined by clinical requirements for epileptic seizures detection. Experimental results show that the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the proposed methods outperform two state-of-the-art methods, especially on the databases containing signals from different sources.

CONCLUSIONS:

The proposed method provides a new avenue to assist neurophysiologists in diagnosing epileptic seizures automatically and accurately.
Serum testosterone concentration in surgically castrated Black Bengal goats
Authors: Hasan M , Miah MAH , Rosy TA , Jha PK , Juyena NS
Published: April 2018

The experiment was carried out to detect the blood serum testosterone concentration after orchiectomy in Black Bengal bucks (Capra hircus). Twelve apparently healthy bucks of 8 - 10 months old were randomly divided into two groups. Group A were castrated surgically through open uncover method and group B remained intact. Local analgesia (2% lidocaine hydrochloride) @ 0.5 mL per spermatic cord and 0.5 mL at the tip of each scrotum were applied initially in all bucks. After aseptic preparation, incision was given at the tip of the scrotum and tunica vaginalis was incised to exteriorize the testis. Anchoring was done at the spermatic cord followed by orchiectomy. The scrotal raphe was incised to reach the other testis and the same procedure was followed. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein before orchiectomy and on day 30. In the castrated bucks, serum testosterone concentration was significantly (P<0.01) decreased from day 0 (6.1 ± 0.2 ng/mL) to day 30 (0.6 ± 0.0 ng/mL), which confirmed the efficacy of castration.Bangl. vet. 2016. Vol. 33, No. 2, 71-77
‘What is to be Done?’: Grammars of Organisation
Authors: Kelly Susan
Published: April 2018

The question ‘what is to be done?’ is most often uttered at moments of great urgency and political crisis. It operates in a divide between theory and practice, when thinking should end, and action must proceed. This article considers how the grammar of this question produces relationships between subjects, action and the future, drawing a relationship between the constituent grammar of the question and Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's notion of the collective assemblage of enunciation. For Deleuze and Guattari, the collective assemblage of enunciation denotes amongst other things an immanent relationship between language and action: a relationship in which politics and language are bound together in a relationship of forces. This approach aims to rethink the urgency and force that is associated with the question through examining and re-proposing the connection between the linguistic organisation of the question and the different forms of political organisation that the question might produce. In so doing, Deleuze and Guattari provide a conceptual and linguistic apparatus for rethinking the plane of political action and organisation.
Uncertainty Evaluation in the Design of Structural Health Monitoring Systems for Damage Detection†
Authors: Schubert Kabban Christine , Uber Richard , Lin Kevin , Lin Bin , Bhuiyan Md Yeasin , Giurgiutiu Victor
Published: April 2018

The validation of structural health monitoring (SHM) systems for aircraft is complicated by the extent and number of factors that the SHM system must demonstrate for robust performance. Therefore, a time- and cost-efficient method for examining all of the sensitive factors must be conducted. In this paper, we demonstrate the utility of using the simulation modeling environment to determine the SHM sensitive factors that must be considered for subsequent experiments, in order to enable the SHM validation. We demonstrate this concept by examining the effect of SHM system configuration and flaw characteristics on the response of a signal from a known piezoelectric wafer active sensor (PWAS) in an aluminum plate, using simulation models of a particular hot spot. We derive the signal responses mathematically and through the statistical design of experiments, we determine the significant factors that affect the damage indices that are computed from the signal, using only half the number of runs that are normally required. We determine that the transmitter angle is the largest source of variation for the damage indices that are considered, followed by signal frequency and transmitter distance to the hot spot. These results demonstrate that the use of efficient statistical design and simulation may enable a cost- and time-efficient sequential approach to quantifying sensitive SHM factors and system validation.
Deep Neural Networks for Document Processing of Music Score Images
Authors: Calvo-Zaragoza Jorge , Castellanos Francisco J. , Vigliensoni Gabriel , Fujinaga Ichiro
Published: April 2018

There is an increasing interest in the automatic digitization of medieval music documents. Despite efforts in this field, the detection of the different layers of information on these documents still poses difficulties. The use of Deep Neural Networks techniques has reported outstanding results in many areas related to computer vision. Consequently, in this paper, we study the so-called Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for performing the automatic document processing of music score images. This process is focused on layering the image into its constituent parts (namely, background, staff lines, music notes, and text) by training a classifier with examples of these parts. A comprehensive experimentation in terms of the configuration of the networks was carried out, which illustrates interesting results as regards to both the efficiency and effectiveness of these models. In addition, a cross-manuscript adaptation experiment was presented in which the networks are evaluated on a different manuscript from the one they were trained. The results suggest that the CNN is capable of adapting its knowledge, and so starting from a pre-trained CNN reduces (or eliminates) the need for new labeled data.
Quotient Structures of BCK/BCI-Algebras Induced by Quasi-Valuation Maps
Authors: Song Seok-Zun , Bordbar Hashem , Jun Young Bae
Published: April 2018

Relations between I-quasi-valuation maps and ideals in B C K / B C I -algebras are investigated. Using the notion of an I-quasi-valuation map of a B C K / B C I -algebra, the quasi-metric space is induced, and several properties are investigated. Relations between the I-quasi-valuation map and the I-valuation map are considered, and conditions for an I-quasi-valuation map to be an I-valuation map are provided. A congruence relation is introduced by using the I-valuation map, and then the quotient structures are established and related properties are investigated. Isomorphic quotient B C K / B C I -algebras are discussed.
Protein–Phospholipid Interaction Motifs: A Focus on Phosphatidic Acid
Authors: Tanguy Emeline , Kassas Nawal , Vitale Nicolas
Published: April 2018

Cellular membranes are composed of thousands of different lipids usually maintained within a narrow range of concentrations. In addition to their well-known structural and metabolic roles, signaling functions for many lipids have also emerged over the last two decades. The latter largely depend on the ability of particular classes of lipids to interact specifically with a great variety of proteins and to regulate their localization and activity. Among these lipids, phosphatidic acid (PA) plays a unique role in a large repertoire of cellular activities, most likely in relation to its unique biophysical properties. However, until recently, only incomplete information was available to model the interaction between PA and its protein partners. The development of new liposome-based assays as well as molecular dynamic simulation are now providing novel information. We will review the different factors that have shown to modulate the capacity of PA to interact with specific domains in target proteins.
Maltose Production Using Starch from Cassava Bagasse Catalyzed by Cross-Linked β-Amylase Aggregates
Authors: Araujo-Silva Rafael , Mafra Agnes Cristina Oliveira , Rojas Mayerlenis Jimenez , Kopp Willian , Giordano Roberto de Campos , Fernandez-Lafuente Roberto , Tardioli Paulo Waldir
Published: April 2018

Barley β-amylase was immobilized using different techniques. The highest global yield was obtained using the cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEA) technique, employing bovine serum albumin (BSA) or soy protein isolate (SPI) as feeder proteins to reduce diffusion problems. The CLEAs produced using BSA or SPI showed 82.7 ± 5.8 and 53.3 ± 2.4% global yield, respectively, and a stabilization effect was observed upon immobilization at neutral pH value, e.g., after 12 h at 55 °C, the free β-amylase is fully inactivated, while CLEAs retained 25 and 15% of activity (using BSA and SPI, respectively). CLEA using SPI was selected because of its easier recovery, being chosen to convert the residual starch contained in cassava bagasse into maltose. This biocatalyst permitted to reach almost 70% of maltose conversion in 4 h using 30.0 g/L bagasse starch solution (Dextrose Equivalent of 15.88) and 1.2 U of biocatalyst per gram of starch at pH 7.0 and 40 °C. After 4 reuses (batches of 12 h) the CLEA using SPI maintained 25.50 ± 0.01% of conversion due to the difficulty of recovering.
CuO Nanoparticles Supported on TiO2 with High Efficiency for CO2 Electrochemical Reduction to Ethanol
Authors: Yuan Jing , Zhang Jing-Jie , Yang Man-Ping , Meng Wang-Jun , Wang Huan , Lu Jia-Xing
Published: April 2018

Non-noble metal oxides consisting of CuO and TiO2 (CuO/TiO2 catalyst) for CO2 reduction were fabricated using a simple hydrothermal method. The designed catalysts of CuO could be in situ reduced to a metallic Cu-forming Cu/TiO2 catalyst, which could efficiently catalyze CO2 reduction to multi-carbon oxygenates (ethanol, acetone, and n-propanol) with a maximum overall faradaic efficiency of 47.4% at a potential of −0.85 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) in 0.5 M KHCO3 solution. The catalytic activity for CO2 electroreduction strongly depends on the CuO contents of the catalysts as-prepared, resulting in different electrochemistry surface areas. The significantly improved CO2 catalytic activity of CuO/TiO2 might be due to the strong CO2 adsorption ability.