bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of adapted group mindfulness-based stress management program on perceived stress and emotion regulation in midwives: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Aghamohammadi Fatemeh , Saed Omid , Ahmadi Reza , Kharaghani Roghieh
Published: May 2022

Background

Midwives' stress can have negative consequences on their emotional state, burnout, and poor quality of midwifery care. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an adapted mindfulness-based stress management program on perceived stress and the emotional regulation of midwives.

Methods

The study was a parallel randomized clinical trial on the midwives working in general hospitals of Zanjan, Iran. In this study, 121 midwives registered to participate based on the census sampling method were screened using a cut point of ≥ 28 in the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). From the initial sample, 42 subjects had inclusion criteria assigned to two groups of control (n = 21) and intervention (n = 21) using online random allocation. The intervention group received an 8-week adapted mindfulness-based stress management program. This program emanates from the Kabat-Zinn's MBSR program, which has been adjusted according to the Iranian culture. The ANCOVA and repeated measure analysis of variance test were used to compare groups over time.

Results

The results showed that the group intervention effectively affected perceived stress (P = 0.001) and difficulty in emotion regulation during the post-intervention period (P = 0.001). Moreover, the interventions were effective in emotion regulation (P = 0.003), but it was not effective on perceived stress (P = 0.125) at the 3-month follow-up.

Conclusions

This adapted mindfulness-based program successfully reduced stress and increased emotion regulation strategies in midwives; however, the long-term outcomes of this treatment program need further consideration.
Atomevo: a web server combining protein modelling, docking, molecular dynamic simulation and MMPBSA analysis of Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) fusion protein
Authors: Hao Jin-Heng , Zheng Dun-Jin , Ye Yu-Hao , Yu Jie-Ting , Li Xin-Yao , Xiong Mei-Jie , Jiang Wen-Hao , He Kang-Ping , Li Pei-Yu , Lv Yong-Si , Gu Wei-Ming , Lai Lin-Hao , Wu Yi-Da , Cao Shi-Lin
Published: May 2022

Although current computational biology software is available and has prompted the development of enzyme–substrates simulation, they are difficult to install and inconvenient to use. This makes the time-consuming and error-prone process. By far there is still a lack of a complete tool which can provide a one-stop service for the enzyme–substrates simulation process. Hence, in this study, several computational biology software was extended development and integrated as a website toolbox named Atomevo. The Atomevo is a free web server providing a user-friendly interface for enzyme–substrates simulation: (1) protein homologous modeling; (2) parallel docking module of Autodock Vina 1.2; (3) automatic modeling builder for Gromacs molecular dynamics simulation package; and (4) Molecular Mechanics/Poisson–Boltzmann Surface Area (MMPBSA) analysis module for receptor–ligand binding affinity analysis. We officially launched the web server and provided instructions through a case for the design and simulation of Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) fusion protein called Maltose Binding Protein—Thioredoxin A—Candida antarctica lipase B (MBP-TrxA-CalB).

Graphical Abstract
Match Analysis in Team Ball Sports: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Sarmento Hugo , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Afonso José , Araújo Duarte , Fachada Miguel , Nobre Paulo , Davids Keith
Published: May 2022

Background

Match analysis has evolved exponentially over the past decades in team sports resulting in a significant number of published systematic reviews and meta-analyses. An umbrella review of the available literature is needed to provide an integrated overview of current knowledge and contribute to more robust theoretical explanations of team performance.

Methods

The Web of Science (all databases), PubMed, Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews), Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched for relevant publications prior to 19 February 2021. Appraisal of the methodological quality of included articles was undertaken using the tool for Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2). Twenty-four studies were reviewed that met the following criteria: (1) contained relevant data from match analyses in team ball sports; (2) were defined as systematic reviews or/and meta-analyses; and (3) were written in the English language.

Results

The overall methodological quality of the 24 included reviews, obtained through the AMSTAR-2, revealed very low confidence ratings (Critically Low,n = 12) for the results of most systematic reviews of match analyses in team ball sports. Additionally, the results showed that research is focused mainly on four levels of analysis: (1) dyadic (microlevel); (2) individual (molecular level; predominant); (3) group (mesolevel), and (4) team dynamics (macrolevel). These levels of analysis included tactical, technical, physical, and psychosocial variables. Team performance was contextualized at two levels, with reference to: (1) match context (e.g. match status, match location, match period, quality of opposition) and (2) sociodemographic and environmental constraints (sex, age groups, competitive level, altitude, temperature, pitch surface).

Conclusions

The evolution of methods for match analysis in team ball sports indicates that: (1) an individual-level performance analysis was predominant; (2) the focus on intermediate levels of analysis, observing performance in dyadic and group interactions, has received less attention from researchers; (3) neglected areas of research include psychosocial aspects of team sports and women’s performance; and (4) analyses of match contexts need greater depth.

Registration: The protocol was registered in the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols with the number 202080067 and the DOI numberhttps://doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.8.0067.
Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Mid-portion and Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Paantjens Marc A. , Helmhout Pieter H. , Backx Frank J. G. , van Etten-Jamaludin Faridi S. , Bakker Eric W. P.
Published: May 2022

Background

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is used commonly to treat pain and function in Achilles tendinopathy (AT). The aim of this study was to synthesize the evidence from (non-) randomized controlled trials, to determine the clinical effectiveness of ESWT for mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy (mid-AT) and insertional Achilles tendinopathy (ins-AT) separately.

Methods

We searched PubMed/Medline, Embase (Ovid), and Cochrane Central, up to January 2021. Unpublished studies and gray literature were searched in trial registers (ACTRN, ChiCTR, ChiCtr, CTRI, DRKS, EUCTR, IRCT, ISRCTN, JPRN UMIN, ClinicalTrials.gov, NTR, TCTR) and databases (OpenGrey.eu, NARCIS.nl, DART-Europe.org, OATD.org). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized controlled clinical trials (CCTs) were eligible when investigating the clinical effectiveness of ESWT for chronic mid-AT or chronic ins-AT. We excluded studies that focused on treating individuals with systemic conditions, and studies investigating mixed cohorts of mid-AT and ins-AT, when it was not possible to perform a subgroup analysis for both clinical entities separately. Two reviewers independently performed the study selection, quality assessment, data extraction, and grading of the evidence levels. Discrepancies were resolved through discussion or by consulting a third reviewer when necessary.

Results

We included three RCTs on mid-AT and four RCTs on ins-AT. For mid-AT, moderate quality of evidence was found for the overall effectiveness of ESWT compared to standard care, with a pooled mean difference (MD) on the VISA-A of 9.08 points (95% CI 6.35–11.81). Subgroup analysis on the effects of ESWT additional to standard care for mid-AT resulted in a pooled MD on the VISA-A of 10.28 points (95% CI 7.43–13.12). For ins-AT, we found very low quality of evidence, indicating that, overall, ESWT has no additional value over standard care, with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of − 0.02 (95% CI − 0.27 to 0.23). Subgroup analysis to determine the effect of ESWT additional to standard care for ins-AT showed a negative effect (SMD − 0.29; 95% CI − 0.56 to − 0.01) compared to standard care alone.

Conclusions

There is moderate evidence supporting the effectiveness of ESWT additional to a tendon loading program in mid-AT. Evidence supporting the effectiveness of ESWT for ins-AT is lacking.

Trial Registration: PROSPERO Database; No. CRD42021236107.
Isolation, identification and efficacy of three bacterial isolates against the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Almasoudi Najeeb M. , Asiry Khalid A. , Abo-Elyousr Kamal A. M.
Published: May 2022

Background

The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), overruns date palm ranches in most Oases of Saudi Arabia and causes massive economic losses. Integrated pest management (IPM) of the RPW by biocontrol agents of bacterial isolates was the primary aim of the present study.

Results

Thirty-seven bacterial isolates were isolated from the larvae of R. ferrugineus, which were collected from infested Phoenix dactylifera trees growing in different parts of Saudi Arabia. 16S rDNA sequencing showed that the isolated bacteria were: Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus thuringiensis. The potential of these isolates was tested against R. ferrugineus in the laboratory. The use of these three isolates showed significant mortality percentages against R. ferrugineus. The highest reduction in mortality was recorded at the concentration of 1 × 108 CFU/ml; B. thuringiensis isolate displayed the highest potency in mortal percentage rate (100%), 4 days post-treatment, followed by S. marcescens isolate after 5 days, and then K. pneumoniae isolate after 6 days.

Conclusions

These results suggest that the use of these bacterial isolates was very useful in in vitro experiments, and it may consider those bacterial strains of interest as a potential biocontrol agent of R. ferrugineus.
Cavernous haemangioma of cavernous sinus causing diagnostic dilemma: a case report with review of literature
Authors: Mishra Sarvesh Chandra , Chaturvedi Pragya , Gupta Aviral , Sharma Srishti
Published: May 2022

Background

Cavernous haemangioma of the cavernous sinus is an uncommon vascular malformation. It is often confused with other parasellar masses like schwannomas and meningiomas due to overlap in imaging appearance. It is important to pre-operatively diagnose this condition as it is associated with severe intra-operative bleeding.

Case presentation

Here, we report a case of an octogenarian female who presented with left sided progressive ptosis and diminution of vision for one year. Cross-sectional imaging includes computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging which were not conclusive of cavernous sinus haemangioma. Digital subtraction angiography was done which showed a vascular blush. After corroborating the findings of these imaging investigations, a diagnosis of cavernous sinus haemangioma was concluded. Patient underwent surgery which showed a hypervascular mass. Histopathology was consistent with the imaging diagnosis. Patient was discharged in good stable condition and doing well and is on follow-up in Neurosurgery Out-Patient Department.

Conclusions

The cavernous sinus Haemangiomas are uncommon benign vascular masses. They pose a diagnostic challenge when seen in the parasellar region as the imaging findings of a haemangioma, meningioma and schwannoma in this location can have a significant overlap in the imaging findings. Cross-sectional imaging, digital subtraction angiography and nuclear imaging help in pre-operative diagnosis which is a crucial as the surgery is associated with significant blood loss.
Multimodality radionuclide imaging in fever of unknown origin presenting with a solitary spleen lesion
Authors: Filippi Luca , Bagni Oreste , Schillaci Orazio
Published: May 2022

Background

Fever of unknown origin (FUO) still represents a serious challenge for clinicians, since it can be related to a wide spectrum of disorders, ranging from infections to malignancies. In this scenario, nuclear medicine can be of value to achieve a correct diagnosis both through positron emission computed tomography (PET/CT) and 99mTc labeled hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) white blood cell (WBC) scintigraphy.

Case presentation

We are presenting the case of 65-year-old male, who was referred to our hospital due to prolonged unexplained fever. He was submitted to abdomen ultrasonography (US) that did not disclose relevant pathological findings. Subsequently, he underwent PET/CT scan with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) that revealed an area of increased tracer uptake in splenic inferior pole. In order to solve differential diagnosis between tumor and infection, he was submitted to 99mTc-HMPAO WBC scintigraphy that resulted negative for sites of pathologic radiolabeled cells’ accumulation but revealed a photopenic area in the splenic inferior pole. The pattern of mismatched uptake between 18F-FDG PET/CT and 99mTc-HMPAO WBC scintigraphy was considered highly suspicious for spleen tumor localization. The patient was scheduled for splenectomy and histology resulted positive for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) of diffuse large B cell type. After splenectomy, a further 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed the appearance of hypermetabolic hepatic lesions. The patient underwent chemotherapy with complete remission.

Conclusion

Nuclear medicine provides valuable tools for differential diagnosis in FUO. In case of patients presenting solitary lesion of the spleen, the combined use of 18F-FDG PET/CT and 99mTc-HMPAO WBC scintigraphy can provide relevant information to aid clinicians to a correct diagnosis.
Increasing Inclusiveness of Patient-Centric Clinical Evidence Generation in Oncology: Real-World Data and Clinical Trials
Authors: Benbow Jennifer H. , Rivera Donna R. , Lund Jennifer L. , Feldman Jill E. , Kim Edward S.
Published: May 2022

Rapid advancements in cancer discovery, diagnosis, and treatment options available to patients with cancer have highlighted the need for enhancements in clinical trial design. The drug development process is costly, with more than 80% of trials failing to reach recruitment targets. Historical approaches to trial design are increasingly burdensome and lack real-world application in the intent-to-treat patient population. Equitable access to clinical trials combined with increased availability of real-world data are creating new opportunities for inclusiveness, improved outcomes, and evidence-based advances in therapies that will generate more generalizable data to better inform clinical decision-making. Clinical trials need to be inclusive if lifesaving data are not to be missed and investigational therapies are to be more accessible to a broader patient base. Real-world data can facilitate the conduct of studies that are identifying and understanding where disparities exist and developing new interventions to improve patient care. The clinical trial design process should be a multistakeholder and consensus- and evidence-driven process in which stakeholders are working together across the health care industry to close the care gap and ensure elimination of barriers that prevent equal access to specialized cancer care and advanced therapies available in clinical trials. The patient voice is essential throughout the trial process; however, it is often excluded from the design process. Integrating real-world data as well as ensuring patient involvement in early trial design during drug development can enhance enrollment and retention, leading to greater diversity.
Characterization and Evaluation of the Visual Impact of Mobile Communication Base Stations in the Urban Environment
Authors:   Ricardo Palma University, Lima, Lima 15038, Perú, Vasquez Vanessa , Cruz Víctor , Mendez María , Solis Irma , Aguilar Francisco , Chauca Mario
Published: May 2022

Besides the increase of mobile communication services and providers in Peru, base stations (BS) have grown greatly without considering their visual impact. The characterization and evaluation of the visual impact from base stations to urban landscapes was carried out in the district of San Miguel, located in Lima, Peru. This district has a number of base stations suitable to conduct a pilot study. National and international regulations in force were reviewed, and the Manual for Camouflage of Radio Stations from Bogota DC, Colombia, was chosen as the basis for the visual impact evaluation. Then, a field study of mobile base stations located in the district of San Miguel was accomplished. After that, the matrices for evaluating the visual impact to each of the BS were applied. According to the evaluation, 12 BS (20.3 %) have a low visual impact, 42 BS (71.2 %) have a medium visual impact, and 5 BS (8.5 %) have a high visual impact. So, more than 90 % of the BS in San Miguel has low or medium visual impact.
Fault Prediction for Network Devices Using Service Outage Prediction Model
Authors:   Department of CS & SE, Andhra University College of Engineering, AP, India, Yadwad Sunita A , Vatsavayi Valli Kumari
Published: May 2022

Minimization of network downtime is the biggest challenge for service providers and one of its prime causes is equipment failure. On-time prediction and rectification of faults can reduce downtimes. Dynamic and very adaptive algorithms are required for processing huge torrents of data and the generation of predictions based on patterns and trends in the data obtained from trouble tickets and system logs. A novel strategy for fault detection based on the data accumulated has to be applied where the equipment behavior is monitored closely to prevent its failure and further prevent a network failure or downtime. Paper proposes Service Outage Prediction (SOP) that uses hidden Markov models (HMMs) which have a successful record in tasks related to pattern recognition and have been successfully used in the prediction of failures. The features of the aggregated fault data are subject to the supervised learning algorithm, in the initial phase of training. The samples are traced at different stages, and the failures are detected through high priority in tickets. Among the many solutions possible one of the best solutions being the approach of combining the Hidden Markov model and Bayesian Network. The results indicate the strengths of Hidden Markov Models as the probabilistic approach increases the accuracy of the prediction when compared to the other prediction algorithms. The likelihood of a customer raising a trouble ticket with high priority is predicted by the SOP model proposed.
High-Performance and Low-Complexity Decoding Algorithms for 5G Low-Density Parity-Check Codes
Authors:   Department of Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam National University, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tran-Thi Bich Ngoc , Nguyen-Ly Thien Truong , Hoang Trang
Published: May 2022

The development of the Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) provides several significant advantages when compared to the fourth generation (4G) Long Term Evolution (LTE) in mobile communications. Due to the outstanding characteristics of Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes such as high decoding performance, high throughput, low complexity, they have been accepted as the standard codes for the 5G NR. In this paper, we propose two LDPC decoding algorithms: Hybrid Offset Min-Sum (HOMS) and Variable Offset Min-Sum (VOMS), which are aimed at improving the error correction performance. The main idea of the HOMS/VOMS algorithm is to apply modified factors to both variable-nodes and check-nodes updated processing in order to compensate the extrinsic messages overestimation of the MS-based algorithms and increase the protection ability for degree-1 variable-nodes. The simulation results show that at the Bit-Error-Rate (BER) of 10-5, the proposed HOMS/VOMS algorithm achieves the decoding gain up to 0.2 dB compared to the Offset Min-Sum (OMS) algorithm, with a slight increase in decoding complexity.
Performance Analysis of Rectangular Microstrip Wearable Textile Antenna with Series of Slots
Authors:   SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram, Chennai, India, Rajesh A. , Vani R. , Rao B. Rama
Published: May 2022

In this paper the design of a wearable antenna for industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM band) applications at 2.4 - 2.45 GHz and 5.7 - 5.85 GHz is discussed. The rectangular microstrio patch antenna is considered and two series of slots are implemented with same length and different length. The conductive and ground planes are made from copper and cloth, respectively. Copper serves as a conductor in this case, while textile material serves as a barrier between the human body and the antenna. Micro strip feeding is supplied here to improve the antenna's reliability. The performance of the antenna will be evaluated using the simulation and practical as well, the reflection coefficient, VSWR, gain and radiation pattern of Microstrip textile antennas is obtained which used in a variety of ISM band applications.
Development of Scalable IoT-Based Smart Home Infrastructure Using ESP-Mesh
Authors:   Program Studi Sistem Telekomunikasi, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia, Fuada Syifaul , Hendriyana Hendriyana
Published: May 2022

All household appliances in the Industrial 4.0 era such as lights, curtains, fans, and others are being connected to the internet to allow users to control them through a smartphone. This has led to several intense and continuous studies on IoTbased smart homes to determine the ideal platform and system to provide excellent performance in terms of functionality and electronics such as power consumption, data throughput, distance, interoperability, flexibility, reconfigurable protocols, costs, and others. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop an IoTbased smart home system’s infrastructure using the ESP8266 module (Wemos D1 mini) which is a microcontroller integrated into a Wi-Fi module. Moreover, ESP-mesh was used for communication to make the smart home system more scalable and modular. This is necessary to ensure the home remains connected when one node is disconnected due to the fact that the node within the mesh topology is fully connected and has the ability to forward data. The infrastructure contains hardware (node), software, and user interface. The nodes were further divided into three parts which are mechanical-based such as electric door lock, electrical-based such as fan, power socket, or plug, and sensors such as humidity & temperature sensor. Furthermore, the system was evaluated for functionality, power consumption during idle/active processes, RSSI of each node, and mesh connection. The performances were later compared with the findings of previous study on IoT-based Smart Home.
Biosignal Classification Based on Multi-Feature Multi-Dimensional WaveNet-LSTM Models
Authors:   Weihai Beiyang Electrical Group Co., Ltd, Weihai, Shandong, China, Meng Yue , Lin Linghao , Qin Zhiliang , Qu Yuanyuan , Qin Yu , Li Yingying
Published: May 2022

Electrocardiogram (ECG) effectively records the difference between body potentials generated during the physiological function of the heart. Both ECG and heartbeat sounds are viewed as powerful tools to diagnose abnormal arrhythmias. In the past, the accuracy of such diagnoses has been significantly improved due to the development of machine-learning algorithms. However, current models still do not provide acceptable performance due to similarities of signal waveforms as well as ambient noises and interferences. In this paper, we propose a novel deep-learning model that incorporates a WaveNet model based on dilated convolutions as the backbone followed by multiple bi-directional long-short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) layers to further enhance the discriminant capabilities of temporal relations. A typical clinical dataset, i.e., the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database, which considers intra-patient and inter-patient paradigms based on the American Association of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) EC57 standard, is used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach. Numerical results show that our model has achieved the state-of-the-art classification accuracies.
Ironic Disagreement and Objection in Everyday Communication
Authors: Luzhnaya M.
Published: May 2022

The paper describes the speech acts of disagreement and objection. An attempt to differentiate these speech acts is made. Direct and conventional indirect speech acts that implement these intentions are presented in dictionaries and textbooks on speech etiquette, as well as described in the scientific literature. The systematic research of contextual and situational indirect speech acts of disagreement and objection has not been practically carried out.

The research focuses on ironic contextual and situational indirect speech acts of disagreement and objection ("the second degree of indirection"). The aim of the paper is to describe the functioning of these speech acts.

The methods of definitional analysis, discursive analysis, quantitative analysis, as well as descriptive and analytical method were used in the research.

The analysis of the material revealed that ironic contextual and situational indirect speech acts of disagreement and objection have the forms of representatives, rogatives, directives, expressives. The research considers examples of combining the intentions of disagreement and objection with other intentions (advice and reproach) in polyintentional contextual and situational indirect speech acts.

The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it analyzes the ironic contextual and situational indirect speech acts of disagreement and objections in everyday communication. The analysis of indirect speech implementations of these intentions is carried out.

Using the results of the research can be useful for further study of everyday communication and in practical activities of teachers who are taking up the problems of communication and language teaching.
The Dynamics of Confessional Conceptual Spheres of the English-Speaking Society in the Socio-Communicative Context
Authors: Poletaeva T.
Published: May 2022

In the context of a review of main religious, cultural and political events in England in the epoch of the XV-XVII centuries and modern Britain and the USA over the past 42 years, it is made a comparison of the frequency of the same typical Christian notions of English from the EEBO database containing samples of English texts from 1470 to 1690, and the BNC - modern British English and CoCa - modern American English as a whole for the period from 1980 to 2022. In these temporal cuts of English some confessional concepts caused by Christianity with the highest frequency are identified, the dynamics of decreasing in the number of these concepts by almost two times is examined, as well as a decrease of their frequency up to the loss of the status of a concept in the modern era thanks to the processes of secularization of the English-speaking society. The reasons of the small and minimal frequency of a row of Christian concepts in the indicated temporal cuts of English language are analyzed.
Valuing Intrinsic and Instrumental Preferences for Privacy
Authors: Lin Tesary
Published: May 2022

I empirically separate two components in a consumer’s privacy preference. The intrinsic component is a “taste” for privacy, a utility primitive. The instrumental component comes from the consumer’s anticipated economic loss from revealing his private information to the firm and arises endogenously from a firm’s usage of consumer data. Combining an experiment and a structural model, I measure the revealed preferences separately for each component. Intrinsic preferences have seemingly small mean values, ranging from $0.14 to $2.37 per demographic variable. Meanwhile, they are highly heterogeneous across consumers and categories of data: The valuations of consumers at the right tail often exceed the firm’s valuation of consumer data. Consumers’ self-selection into data sharing depends on the respective magnitudes and correlation between the two preference components and often deviates from the “low types are more willing to hide” argument. Through counterfactual analysis, I show how this more nuanced selection pattern changes a firm’s inference from consumers’ privacy decisions and its data-buying strategy.
Indonesian nursing students' intention to accept COVID-19 vaccines: an online, multicentre survey
Authors: Sirait Healthy Seventina , Saidah Qori'ila , Hasanah Oswati , Hanifah Astin Nur , Arifin Hidayat , Rosyad Yafi Sabila , Rias Yohanes Andy
Published: May 2022

Background:

The determinants of intention to accept the COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among nursing students during this pandemic need to be identified.

Aims:

The study assessed nursing students' attitudes to vaccination, health engagement and trust in government, as well as their intention to have a COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out among nursing students in three provinces of Java, Indonesia, from December 2020 to February 2021. Convenience sampling was used to gather primary data from 640 participants through a structured online survey. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the results.

Findings:

All items of vaccine attitude and health engagement as well as trust in government were positive predictors of vaccine acceptance after adjusting for confounding factors.

Conclusion:

Nursing students were more likely to accept vaccination if they had a positive attitude to vaccination, high levels of health engagement and trust in the government regarding tackling the COVID-19 pandemic.
Temporomandibular disorders. Part 2: non-surgical management
Authors: Foster-Thomas Emma , James Martin , Crawford Charles , Clarke Pete , Oluwajana Funmi , Lancelott-Redfern Cathleen
Published: May 2022

For optimal success, a multidisciplinary team approach that uses a combination of non-surgical treatment modalities is recommended in the care of TMD patients. In this article, the second in a series of six focusing on the diagnosis and management of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), the importance of self-management, psychological interventions and physical therapies is discussed. Intra-oral appliances will be covered in a dedicated article later in this series.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Clinicians should have both an understanding and appreciation for the non-surgical management options available to patients diagnosed with TMD.
Insulin for diabetes: 100 years of therapy
Authors: Jennings Peter , Stewart Martha
Published: May 2022

January 2022 marks 100 years since insulin was first successfully used to treat diabetes in humans. Everyone with type 1 diabetes – except those who have received pancreas or islet-cell transplants – and more than half of people with type 2 diabetes use insulin to manage their diabetes. Instead of being seen as a death sentence, type 1 diabetes is now seen as a long-term condition that can be self-managed for people with access to insulin and glucose monitoring technology. However, many people living with diabetes around the world are still unable to access affordable insulin, technologies and the support needed to self-manage their diabetes.
Lecturers’ Experiences of Administering Online Examinations at a South African Open Distance e-Learning University During the COVID-19
Authors: Majola Moffat Xolani , Mudau Patience Kelebogile
Published: May 2022

South Africa, like other countries in the world, went into lockdown due to the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which meant closure of venue-based exam centres, university libraries and academic offices for more than three months. This encounter forced higher institutions of learning to review and reconfigure their assessment practices and conduct alternative assessment practises like timed exams, take home exams, randomised multiple-choice examinations and an online portfolio. Over and above that South Africa experienced load shedding (interruptions to electricity supply) and connectivity challenges which impacted the online examinations. This paper explores the experiences of lecturers whilst administering online examination at a South African Open Distance e-Learning university during COVID-19. Data collected from the lecturers who administered online examination through semi-structured interviews. Thematic analyses were used to analyse the data. Lecturers reported on student challenges related to time allocation, exam security, internet connectivity and data access, digital incompetency and support received from the information communication technology (ICT) department. Academics’ reflection suggests that the system and students were not fully prepared and ready to write the online examination. The researchers propose continued technical and technological education and support for academics and students. Therefore, in line with these experiences, it is important to conduct further the research.
Immature stages of Culicoides innoxius Sen & Das Gupta and pupa of C. huffi Causey (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from India
Authors: CHATTERJEE SOMNATH , BRAHMA SHUBHRANIL , HAZRA NILADRI
Published: May 2022

Both larval and pupal stages of Culicoides innoxius Sen & Das Gupta and pupal stages of C. huffi Causey are described and illustrated. All specimens were collected from the Lower Gangetic plains of West Bengal. Larvae of C. innoxius were obtained from rotten banana stem, while a single pupa of C. huffi was collected from an irrigation channel associated with the rice agroecosystem. A pictorial pupal key of the species of the genus reported from India is provided.
The role of AGEs in pathogenesis of cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis
Authors: He Chao-Peng , Chen Cheng , Jiang Xin-Chen , Li Hui , Zhu Li-Xin , Wang Ping-Xiao , Xiao Tao
Published: May 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease resulting from progressive joint destruction caused by many factors. Its pathogenesis is complex and has not been elucidated to date. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a series of irreversible and stable macromolecular complexes formed by reducing sugar with protein, lipid, and nucleic acid through a non-enzymatic glycosylation reaction (Maillard reaction). They are an important indicator of the degree of ageing. Currently, it is considered that AGEs accumulation in vivo is a molecular basis of age-induced OA, and AGEs production and accumulation in vivo is one of the important reasons for the induction and acceleration of the pathological changes of OA. In recent years, it has been found that AGEs are involved in a variety of pathological processes of OA, including extracellular matrix degradation, chondrocyte apoptosis, and autophagy. Clearly, AGEs play an important role in regulating the expression of OA-related genes and maintaining the chondrocyte phenotype and the stability of the intra-articular environment. This article reviews the latest research results of AGEs in a variety of pathological processes of OA, to provide a new direction for the study of OA pathogenesis and a new target for prevention and treatment.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(5):292–300.
Silicon photonics 2  ×  2 trench coupler design and foundry fabrication
Authors: Shahoei Hiva , Achu Ifeanyi G. , Stewart Evan J. , Tariq Unaiza , Oxford William V. , Thornton Mitchell A. , MacFarlane Duncan L.
Published: May 2022

A

2

×

2

photonic coupler is realized at the
intersection of two

480

n
m

×

220

n
m

silicon on insulator waveguides. The
designed

2

×

2

coupler is simulated in both High
Frequency Simulator System (HFSS) and Lumerical and shows an equal
split of an input signal into transmitted and reflected signals for a
45 deg,

∼

100

n
m

S
i

O
2

filled trench. The principle of
operation of the coupler is frustrated total internal reflection.
Thus, this behavior is reasonably flat across wavelength, which is
confirmed by Lumerical simulations and by experiment. Also, it has
been shown that this coupler has a flat behavior across trench
thickness for the chosen geometry and material system, which makes it
insensitive to fabrication variation and resolution. We are interested
to make this coupler a part of silicon photonic foundry process
development kits. Therefore, fabrication is done at the AIM Photonics
Foundry to study the performance in the context of the foundry’s
design rules and process flow of the foundry. Good agreement between
theory and experiment is reported herein. A

2

×

2

trench coupler is, when operated in
the single photon or quantum regime, an integrated photonic
realization of a Hadamard gate.
Areal measurement of vibration modes of a hemispherical shell resonator by deflectometry
Authors: Zhu Rui , Zhang Xiangchao , Li Shaoliang , Chen Yunuo , Lang Wei , Ye Lu
Published: May 2022

The hemispherical shell resonator (HSR) is the core and sensitive part of a hemispherical resonator gyro. The geometrical accuracy and vibration properties of HSR determine the navigation performance of the system. A lack of areal measurement methods of vibration modes limits investigation of the kinetic mechanism and improvement in navigation performance. Consequently, an areal measurement method is developed based on deflectometry. The blurry spots on the image plane reflected from the vibrating HSR are extracted, and the blurring trajectories are obtained by the Wiener deconvolution method. The vibrating amplitude distribution of a standing wave mode is transformed into the swing angle distribution of normal vectors. The parameters of the vibration mode are fitted by the Levenberg–Marquardt method. This method can find widespread applications in the areal inspection of vibration modes.
Into the wild of nonlinear electromagnetism—a course on nonlinear electromagnetism, not quite from scratch, part III: tutorial
Authors: Zolla Frédéric , Godard Pierre
Published: May 2022

This tutorial is aimed at introducing in a natural fashion the propagation equations system governing the scattering of an electromagnetic wave by a nonlinear medium. The purpose is first to obtain the equations showing the most common nonlinear effects such as the Kerr effect or second and third harmonic generation by avoiding conventional recipes and trying to arrive at these equations with a minimum of assumptions. For this, we start from the general Maxwell’s equations involving the fields

E

,

B

,

D

, and

H

, and we rigorously provide all the hypotheses needed to attain the nonlinear systems of partial differential equations involving the different complex amplitudes of the different fields associated with the different frequencies at stake. In part II, the difficult question of energy transfer between fields emitted at the various frequencies involved is discussed in detail. We then examine the tensorial nature of susceptibilities and, using Neumann’s principle, show how the number of their independent components can be significantly reduced. In part III, numerical examples of scattering by nonlinear materials are given and discussed.
Modulation format recognition with transfer learning assisted convolutional neural network using multiple Stokes sectional plane image in multi-core fibers
Authors: Guo Zhiruo , Liu Bo , Ren Jianxin , Wu Xiangyu , Li Ying , Mao Yaya , Chen Shuaidong , Zhong Qing , Zhu Xu , Wu Yongfeng , Chen Yunyun
Published: May 2022

A modulation format recognition (MFR) scheme based on multi-core fiber (MCF) is proposed for the next generation of elastic optical networks (EONs). In this scheme, multiple Stokes sectional planes images are used as signal features which are typed into a transfer learning (TL) assisted convolutional neural network (CNN) to realize MFR. Compared with the traditional Jones matrix, the Stokes space mapping method is insensitive to polarization mixing, carrier frequency skew and phase offset, therefore, it has better feature representation ability. TL is introduced to transfer the model used in standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) to MCF transmission, reducing the required training data and complexity. In addition, multiple Stokes sectional planes images are input simultaneously, which improves the accuracy of the neural network. Experimental verifications were performed for a polarization division multiplexing (PDM)-EONs system at a symbol rate of 12.5GBaud by 5 km MCF. Nine modulation formats, including three standard modulation formats (BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK), three uniformly shaped (US) modulation formats (US-8QAM, US-16QAM, US-32QAM) and three probabilistically shaped (PS) modulation formats (PS-8QAM, PS-16QAM, PS-32QAM), were recognized by our scheme. The experimental results show that the scheme achieves high recognition accuracy even at low optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR). Moreover, the required number of training samples is less 40% compared to the traditional CNN. The proposed scheme has a high tolerance to the crosstalk damage of MCF itself and can realize the short training time of large-capacity space division multiplexing (SDM)-EONs. Our findings have the potential to be used in the next generation of a SDM fiber transmission system.
Initial experimental multi-wavelength EEM (Excitation Emission Matrix) fluorescence lidar detection and classification of atmospheric pollen with potential applications toward real-time bioaerosols monitoring
Authors: Saito Yasunori , Kawai Kyonosuke
Published: May 2022

Fluorescence has the potential to identify the types of substances associated with aerosols. To demonstrate its usefulness in environmental studies, we investigated the use of Excitation-Emission-Matrix (EEM) fluorescence in lidar bioaerosol monitoring. First, the EEM fluorescence of cedar, ragweed, and apple pollens as typical bioaerosols found around our surroundings were measured using a commercial fluorescence spectrometer. We found that the patterns of fluorescence changed depending on the pollen type and excitation wavelength and it meant that studying these EEM fluorescence patterns was a good parameter for identifying pollen types. Then, we setup a simple EEM fluorescence lidar to confirm the usefulness in lidar bioaerosol monitoring. The lidar consisted of three laser diodes and one light emitting diode with output at 520 nm, 445 nm, 405 nm and 325 nm, respectively, an ultra violet camera lens as a receiver, and a fluorescence spectrum detection unit. Comparing the lidar simulation results with the EEM fluorescence dataset supported the possibility of performing bioaerosol monitoring using the EEM fluorescence lidar. Based on the results and the current technology, a feasible design of a bioaerosol detection EEM fluorescence lidar is proposed for future rel-time remote sensing and mapping of atmospheric bioaerosols.
Integrated computational and in vivo models reveal Key Insights into macrophage behavior during bone healing
Authors: Baratchart Etienne , Lo Chen Hao , Lynch Conor C. , Basanta David
Published: May 2022

Myeloid-derived monocyte and macrophages are key cells in the bone that contribute to remodeling and injury repair. However, their temporal polarization status and control of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts responses is largely unknown. In this study, we focused on two aspects of monocyte/macrophage dynamics and polarization states over time: 1) the injury-triggered pro- and anti-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages temporal profiles, 2) the contributions of pro- versus anti-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages in coordinating healing response. Bone healing is a complex multicellular dynamic process. While traditionalin vitroandin vivoexperimentation may capture the behavior of select populations with high resolution, they cannot simultaneously track the behavior of multiple populations. To address this, we have used an integrated coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs)-based framework describing multiple cellular species toin vivobone injury data in order to identify and test various hypotheses regarding bone cell populations dynamics. Our approach allowed us to infer several biological insights including, but not limited to,: 1) anti-inflammatory macrophages are key for early osteoclast inhibition and pro-inflammatory macrophage suppression, 2) pro-inflammatory macrophages are involved in osteoclast bone resorptive activity, whereas osteoblasts promote osteoclast differentiation, 3) Pro-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages rise during two expansion waves, which can be explained by the anti-inflammatory macrophages-mediated inhibition phase between the two waves. In addition, we further tested the robustness of the mathematical model by comparing simulation results to an independent experimental dataset. Taken together, this novel comprehensive mathematical framework allowed us to identify biological mechanisms that best recapitulate bone injury data and that explain the coupled cellular population dynamics involved in the process. Furthermore, our hypothesis testing methodology could be used in other contexts to decipher mechanisms in complex multicellular processes.
Women’s health status before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in rural Bangladesh: A prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Kikuchi Kimiyo , Islam Rafiqul , Nishikitani Mariko , Sato Yoko , Izukura Rieko , Yokota Fumihiko , Khan Nusrat Jahan , Nessa Meherun , Ahmed Ashir , Morokuma Seiichi , Nakashima Naoki
Published: May 2022

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has widely spread worldwide since 2020. Several countries have imposed lockdown or stay-at-home policies to prevent the infection. Bangladesh experienced a lockdown from March 2020 to May 2020, and internal travel was restricted. Such long and strict confinement may impact women’s health. Herein, we aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women’s health by comparing their health status before and during the pandemic. We conducted a prospective longitudinal study in two zones in the Chhaygaon union, rural district Shariatpur, Bangladesh. The study population comprised non-pregnant women aged 15–49 years. We visited the household of all eligible women and invited them for health checkups. The survey staff examined their health status at the checkup camps and conducted questionnaire interviews. In total, 121 non-pregnant women received health checkups both from June 2019 to July 2019 and in October 2020, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. Compared with those during the 2019 health checkup, the medians of body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher (22.7 kg/m2 to 23.6 kg/m2; 110.0 mmHg to 111.0 mmHg; and 73.0 mmHg to 75.0 mmHg, respectively, p<0.05) during the 2020 health checkup. In contrast, urine glucose levels were significantly lower (10.1% to 3.4%, p = 0.021). The lack of physical activity and other inconvenience accumulation caused by the prolonged confinement might have affected their health status. This necessitates local health workers to promote physical activity to prevent health deterioration during the pandemic.