bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotion Model for a Robot
Authors: Tripathi Gyanendra Nath
Published: March 2019

Humans have several kinds of intelligence like logical thinking, decision making, social and behavioral intelligence, and many more. However, above all, emotional intelligence plays a vital role to drive action and event. To analyze the need of emotion for robot, it is required to investigate emotion in human and its socio-cognitive effect on event-action relation and behavior. Emotion is not required for a robot that is programmed just to perform certain commanded tasks. However, for a socially interactive assist robot in an environment of home, hospital, office, etc., emotion is important for decision making and to perform action. Moreover, emotion for robot is helpful to define the behavior and even to personalize the robot for its owner. The chapter aims to discuss three prominent questions regarding “emotion for a robot”: 1) why we need emotion for robot, 2) what can be a probable solution as an emotion model, and 3) how emotion model can be devised for robot in a real-time environment.
Designing an Extensible Domain-Specific Web Corpus for “Layfication”
Authors: Santini Marina , Jönsson Arne , Strandqvist Wiktor , Cederblad Gustav , Nyström Mikael , Alirezaie Marjan , Lind Leili , Blomqvist Eva , Lindén Maria , Kristoffersson Annica
Published: March 2019

In the era of data-driven science, corpus-based language technology is an essential part of cyber physical systems. In this chapter, the authors describe the design and the development of an extensible domain-specific web corpus to be used in a distributed social application for the care of the elderly at home. The domain of interest is the medical field of chronic diseases. The corpus is conceived as a flexible and extensible textual resource, where additional documents and additional languages will be appended over time. The main purpose of the corpus is to be used for building and training language technology applications for the “layfication” of the specialized medical jargon. “Layfication” refers to the automatic identification of more intuitive linguistic expressions that can help laypeople (e.g., patients, family caregivers, and home care aides) understand medical terms, which often appear opaque. Exploratory experiments are presented and discussed.
Merging Realities in Space and Time
Authors: Alboul Lyuba , Beer Martin , Nisiotis Louis
Published: March 2019

The rapid developments in online technology have provided young people with instant communication with each other and highly interactive and engaging visual game playing environments. The traditional ways of presenting museum and heritage assets no longer, therefore, hold their attention and provide them with an exciting and dynamic visitor experience. There is considerable interest in the use of augmented reality to allow visitors to explore worlds that are not immediately accessible to them and relating them to the real worlds around them. These are very effective in providing much needed contextual information, but appear rather static when compared with multi-player games environments where players interact with each other and robotic characters (non-player characters) in real time. By fusing these technologies, the authors postulate a new type of conceptually-led environment (cyber museum) that fuses real (physical), virtual worlds and cyber-social spaces into a single dynamic environment that provides a unique experience of exploring both worlds simultaneously.
Introduction to Human Electroencephalography
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep
Published: March 2019

This chapter is a general introduction to electroencephalography and popular methods used to manipulate EEG in order to elicit markers of sensory, cognitive perception, and behavior. With development of interdisciplinary research, there is increased curiosity among engineers towards biomedical research. Those using signal processing techniques attempt to employ algorithms to the real-life signals and retrieve characteristics of signals such as speech, echo, EEG, among others. The chapter briefs the history of human EEG and goes back to the origins and fundamentals of electrical activity in brain, how this activity reaches the scalp, methods to capture this high temporal activity. It then takes the reader through design methodology that goes behind EEG experiments, general schema for analysis of EEG signal. It describes the concept of early evoked potentials, which are known responses for study of sensory perception and are used extensively in medical science. It moves on to another popular manipulation of EEG technique used to elicit event related potentials.
Enhancing E-Government With Internet of Things
Authors: Papadopoulou Panagiota , Kolomvatsos Kostas , Hadjiefthymiades Stathes
Published: March 2019

Internet of things (IoT) brings unprecedented changes to all contexts of our lives, as they can be informed by smart devices and real-time data. Among the various IoT application settings, e-government seems to be one that can be greatly benefited by the use of IoT, transforming and augmenting public services. This chapter aims to contribute to a better understanding of how IoT can be leveraged to enhance e-government. IoT adoption in e-government encompasses several challenges of technical as well as organizational, political, and legal nature, which should be addressed for developing efficient applications. With the application of IoT in e-government being at an early stage, it is imperative to investigate these challenges and the ways they could be tackled. The chapter provides an overview of IoT in e-government across several application domains and explores the aspects that should be considered and managed before it can reach its full potential.
Comprehensive Overview of Neural Networks and Its Applications in Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Rodge Jay , Jaiswal Swati
Published: March 2019

Deep learning and Artificial intelligence (AI) have been trending these days due to the capability and state-of-the-art results that they provide. They have replaced some highly skilled professionals with neural network-powered AI, also known as deep learning algorithms. Deep learning majorly works on neural networks. This chapter discusses about the working of a neuron, which is a unit component of neural network. There are numerous techniques that can be incorporated while designing a neural network, such as activation functions, training, etc. to improve its features, which will be explained in detail. It has some challenges such as overfitting, which are difficult to neglect but can be overcome using proper techniques and steps that have been discussed. The chapter will help the academician, researchers, and practitioners to further investigate the associated area of deep learning and its applications in the autonomous vehicle industry.
Neural Network for Big Data Sets
Authors: Phu Vo Ngoc , Tran Vo Thi Ngoc
Published: March 2019

Machine learning (ML), neural network (NN), evolutionary algorithm (EA), fuzzy systems (FSs), as well as computer science have been very famous and very significant for many years. They have been applied to many different areas. They have contributed much to developments of many large-scale corporations, massive organizations, etc. Lots of information and massive data sets (MDSs) have been generated from these big corporations, organizations, etc. These big data sets (BDSs) have been the challenges of many commercial applications, researches, etc. Therefore, there have been many algorithms of the ML, the NN, the EA, the FSs, as well as computer science which have been developed to handle these massive data sets successfully. To support for this process, the authors have displayed all the possible algorithms of the NN for the large-scale data sets (LSDSs) successfully in this chapter. Finally, they have presented a novel model of the NN for the BDS in a sequential environment (SE) and a distributed network environment (DNE).
The Value of Pacing in Promoting Self-Directed Learning
Authors: Setlhodi Itumeleng I.
Published: March 2019

The chapter presents significant considerations for pacing amid directing own learning in an open distance e-learning environment (ODeL), assuming principles to achieve learning outcomes through processes that support learning style/s in leading own learning. Looking at a variety of factors, the prototypes for self-directedness and elements for self-pacing are presented. A case of an ODeL institution was explored and interviews conducted (n=57) to examine self-directed learning contextual factors in relation to the speed at which learners assume leadership in achieving learning outcomes within an (ODeL) context and gaining independence towards enhancing learning experience. The outcomes reveal that learners gain independence through adopting suitable speed, adopting core values, collaborating, support provided, and will to improve their skills. Finally, a self-directed paced learning framework for adult learners is offered.
Undergraduate Student Perception of Caring and Trust
Authors: Grant Pamela Lee
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to provide information about the use of caring and trust within the undergraduate classroom as it may apply to self-directed learning. Some evidence of the relationship between caring and trust is provided through a recent study by the author. Malcolm S. Knowles' Designs for Adult Learning demonstrates the use of both caring and trust within the self-directed learning framework. The method used by Knowles takes a caring approach to student learning that is based in trust between the educator and student.
Can Blended Learning Enhance Students' Tendency to Regulate Their Own Learning?
Authors: Shishigu Aweke , Michael Kassa , Atnafu Mulugeta
Published: March 2019

As the nexus between personalized learning and technology-mediated learning, self-regulated learning is a topic of great research interest and a range of issues are still open for investigation. There is a substantial interest in the instructional tools supporting SRL in digital learning environment. In this chapter, the authors present an empirical evidence of self-regulated learning experiences dwelled in a blended learning environment in higher education. In this particular context, the experiences obtained from two intervention groups who engaged in the same blended learning course were examined. The purpose is to provide an insight regarding the current trajectories of learning in terms of student-centered approach with relation to emerging pedagogical practice. Results show that pedagogical approach does not guarantee a pleasingly improved learning; rather, there is a need for additional mechanism that might raise students' interest. Subsequently, imperative implications for educators, researchers, and curriculum developers are forwarded.
Intercultural Understanding of Music for Kyosei Living
Authors: Matsunobu Koji
Published: March 2019

Music has the power to connect people of distance and differences. Music education can facilitate this process. However, it can also develop cultural misunderstanding and prohibit the acceptance of others. This chapter introduces a negative case of multicultural music education in an American primary school to make sense of an intercultural misunderstanding in music that fails to achieve kyosei living in multicultural society. A detailed case study sheds light on the ways in which a music teacher facilitated students' cultural misunderstanding by teaching multicultural music from a European viewpoint, ignoring culture-specific contexts of practicing and appreciating music. Two examples of multicultural music taught in the class were Japanese and Native American music. Each will be examined from a culture-bearer's and ethnomusicologist's perspectives. Instead of criticizing the teacher's approach, the author analyzes why and how it happened within the context of the teacher.
How to Make an Impression of Classical Music on Students
Authors: Nakanishi Tohru
Published: March 2019

In this article, the author introduces one interesting method to attract the attention of students considerably to classical music. That is a method to introduce quotation of music. Quotation of music means to quote a work by incorporating some of past composer's melodies or melodies of others to one's composing music. In some cases, it is done intentionally. Quotation is a kind of symbiosis of past composers and recent composers, and we can understand the intension of composers clearly by finding these quotations in the music.
Jordan's Media Strategy and Its Role in Combating Terrorism
Authors: Al Badri Hnai , Al-Sheikh Hanan
Published: March 2019

There is no doubt that media plays a key role in modern societies, as it has become the main source for the formation of collective awareness among citizens around the world. In light of the real vile war the Arab world has been witnessing against terrorism, media has become a major player in the confrontation. Today, the Arab world is facing terrorist and fanatic attacks that take religion as a cover for its atrocities and hideous actions, disturbing the peace and amity in communities, and causing a lot of harm to innocent people, destruction of infrastructure, and devastating impact on economy and the social structure. Unfortunately, Jordan's media—as is the case with other Arab media—seems to have issues with their adopted strategies to deal with terrorism, its causes, and influencing factors. The chapter provides the details and findings of a study that attempts to characterize the approach adopted by Jordan's media coverage of terrorism and to investigate and appraise the strategic value of such approach, leading to the recommendation for a more effective strategy that is based on proper understanding of the political, social, and economic environment and other key factors.
Strategic Human Resources Management
Authors: Salih Ahmad Ali
Published: March 2019

The chapter aims to identify the level of human resources management strategies in the Arab business organizations in Iraq and Jordan as a model in an attempt to bridge the shortage of descriptive and comparative Arabic studies. In order to achieve the goal of this chapter, it is structured to cover the following sections: 1) introduction and intellectual background to subject, 2) literature review, 3) the human and organizational characteristics of the Arab business organizations in Iraq and Jordan, and 4) The reality of human resource management strategies in the Arab organizations in Iraq and Jordan and their future directions.
A Strategic Approach for Patient-Centric E-Healthcare Development
Authors: Qusef Abdallah , Daradkeh Mohammad , Murad Sharefa
Published: March 2019

Different types of industries, strategic thinking, planning, and management in healthcare have become cornerstones of providing high quality of healthcare services among the rapidly changing competitive environment and the emerging technologies, which is pushing health service providers to adopt the eHealth solutions to automate the treatment workflows during health service. This chapter introduces a new healthcare IT cloud model called HealthGate Cloud (HGC), which is specially designed as a central repository for patients' EHRs. The proposed model provides a technical and business framework for a centralized enterprise healthcare information system and data sharing between all participated healthcare providers in the country or region, which makes them all as if they are one big hospital having one single repository and database for all patients' medical records. It can be used by any HA in any country or region to provide this solution for HSPs through subscriptions business model.
A Pilot Study on the Challenges of the UAE Ministry of Education's “Advanced Science Program”
Authors: Shishakly Rima , Lutta Joseph George
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an empirical study on the plan set by the Ministry of Education (MOE) of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) named the “Strategic Plan 2017-2021.” The chapter aims to investigate the challenges that are faced specifically by the advanced science program (ASP) provided by the MOE, which was created to select Emirati elite students (ES) from different levels of education and allow them to join a fast-tracked, gifted students program. The study focuses on the current gap between the MOE strategic plan and their actual strategic practice, then recommends possible effective practices that might be adopted in order to overcome the challenges faced in achieving its goal.
Finding Your Voice
Authors: Yacobucci Karen L. , Maher Stephen
Published: March 2019

This chapter aims to provide an indispensable introduction to content marketing based on industry best-practices and help academic libraries navigate this essential but often overlooked marketing practice. The chapter will begin by addressing some of the consistent challenges organizations have starting their social media marketing campaigns and developing a social media strategy. Next, the chapter will focus on defining the tone and voice of their social media messages. Then, it will discuss sustaining the campaign by curating content and avoiding “content fatigue.” Finally, the authors share an example of how an academic library but them into practice. They are confident this chapter will give academic librarians the vocabulary and techniques they need to talk and walk their way through meaningful and engaging marketing campaigns for their libraries using social media.
Using Social Media to Enhance Information Literacy
Authors: Robinson Sue , Gariepy Laura W.
Published: March 2019

Academic librarians have long been committed to developing their students' abilities to assess the quality and credibility of various types of information. A combination of increasing public discourse about evaluating every day information and librarians' commitment to empowering students to be responsible consumers of information led Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) librarians to develop the #VetYourSources campaign, focused on enhancing undergraduate students' skills for evaluating information in academic and day-to-day contexts through social media. This chapter details the design, planning, and execution of the campaign, as well as future directions.
Intelligent Techniques for Providing Effective Security to Cloud Databases
Authors: Arunarani Ar , Perkinian D Manjula
Published: March 2019

Cloud databases have been used in a spate of web-based applications in recent years owing to their capacity to store big data efficiently. In such a scenario, access control techniques implemented in relational databases are so modified as to suit cloud databases. The querying features of cloud databases are designed with facilities to retrieve encrypted data. The performance with respect to retrieval and security needs further improvements to ensure a secured retrieval process. In order to provide an efficient secured retrieval mechanism, a rule- and agent-based intelligent secured retrieval model has been proposed in this paper that analyzes the user, query and contents to be retrieved so as to effect rapid retrieval with decryption from the cloud databases. The major advantage of this retrieval model is in terms of its improved query response time and enhanced security of the storage and retrieval system. From the experiments conducted in this work, proposed model increased storage and access time and, in addition, intensified the security of the data stored in cloud databases.
Runtime Reusable Weaving Model for Cloud Services Using Aspect-Oriented Programming
Authors: Alsobeh Anas M.R. , Magableh Aws Abed Al Raheem , AlSukhni Emad M.
Published: March 2019

Cloud computing technology has opened an avenue to meet the critical need to securely share distributed resources and web services, and especially those that belong to clients who have sensitive data and applications. However, implementing crosscutting concerns for cloud-based applications is a challenge. This challenge stems from the nature of distributed Web-based technology architecture and infrastructure. One of the key concerns is security logic, which is scattered and tangled across all the cloud service layers. In addition, maintenance and modification of the security aspect is a difficult task. Therefore, cloud services need to be extended by enriching them with features to support adaptation so that these services can become better structured and less complex. Aspect-oriented programming is the right technical solution for this problem as it enables the required separation when implementing security features without the need to change the core code of the server or client in the cloud. Therefore, this article proposes a Runtime Reusable Weaving Model for weaving security-related crosscutting concerns through layers of cloud computing architecture. The proposed model does not require access to the source code of a cloud service and this can make it easier for the client to reuse the needed security-related crosscutting concerns. The proposed model is implemented using aspect orientation techniques to integrate cloud security solutions at the software-as-a-service layer.
Cloud and Cyber Security Through Crypt-Iris-Based Authentication Approach
Authors: Zafar Sherin
Published: March 2019

In today's world, wireless technology utilized by cloud and cyber technology has become an essential part of each and every user. Sensitivity, authentication and validation needs to be looked upon. Traditional technologies using simple encryption and password mechanisms cannot look upon the security constraints of today's cyber world; hence, some better authentication aspects like biometric security utilizing most strong feature like iris are exploited in this chapter to serve as specific secure tool.
Trusted Cloud- and Femtocell-Based Biometric Authentication for Mobile Networks
Authors: De Debashis , Mukherjee Anwesha , Bhattacherjee Srimoyee , Gupta Payel
Published: March 2019

Authentication procedures are conducted in order to control and stop illegitimate access of such valuable data. This chapter discusses the biometric authentication inside the cloud. The authors describe how biometric information of a user can be securely transmitted and then stored inside the user database maintained in the trusted cloud. Femtocell, a recent development in mobile network using which secures biometric data transmission from the mobile device to the cloud, is discussed in this chapter.
Solutions for Securing End User Data over the Cloud Deployed Applications
Authors: Bhardwaj Akashdeep
Published: March 2019

With more and more organizations working on the cloud over unsecure internet, sharing files and emails and saving them on cloud storage imperative. Securing the end user sensitive data in transit has thus started to get maximum priority to protect it from Cloud company staff, hackers and data thieves. In this study, an attempt is made to review the research of end user data security. There is an urgent need for solutions for end users' data protection, privacy and during the times when migrating from one Cloud service provider to other. This chapter identifies end user data challenges and issues on cloud and presents use of Public Key Cryptography, Multi Factor Authentication and use of Cloud Aware applications as possible solutions.
Examining the Contributing Factors for Cloud Computing Adoption in a Developing Country
Authors: Yaokumah Winfred , Amponsah Rebecca Adwoa
Published: March 2019

The growth in cloud computing adoption is phenomenal in organizations worldwide due mainly to its potential to increase productivity and enhance efficiency in business operations. However, cloud adoption is very low in many organizations in the developing countries. To gain insights into organizations' behavioral intention and usage behavior of cloud computing, based on the Extended Unified Technology Acceptance and Use Theory, the current study investigated the effects of technological, organizational, and environmental factors on cloud adoption in organizations. Using samples from five industry sectors and by employing the Structural Equation Model, the study found that facilitating conditions, habit, performance expectancy, and price value had positive and significant effect on behavioral intention to use cloud computing. But, effort expectancy, social influence, lack of motivation, and inadequate security were found to be barriers to cloud adoption. These findings could contribute toward better formulation of planning guidelines for successful adoption of cloud computing.
Trust Management in Cloud Computing
Authors: Hallappanavar Vijay L. , Birje Mahantesh N.
Published: March 2019

Cloud computing is a model for enabling everywhere, suitable, on-demand network access. There are a number of challenges to provide cloud computing services and to accomplish this, it is necessary to establish trust across the cloud, between the user and the service provider. It is becoming increasingly complex for cloud users to make distinction among service providers offering similar kinds of services. There must be some mechanisms in the hands of users to determine trustworthiness of service providers so that they can select service providers with confidence and with some degree of assurance that service provider will not behave unpredictably or maliciously. An effective trust management system helps cloud service providers and consumers reap the benefits brought about by cloud computing technologies. Hence the objective of this chapter is to describe existing mechanisms that are used to determine a trust worthiness of a cloud service, various models that are used for calculating a trust value and method to establish trust management system.
The Collaborative Use of Patients' Health-Related Information
Authors: Alhaddadin Fadi , Gutiérrez Jairo A. , Liu William
Published: March 2019

The advancement in the field of information and communication technology has generated a great deal of information that was not possible to access earlier. Healthcare systems are one of the most beneficial applications using wireless medical sensor technologies, which can facilitate patient care within homes, hospitals, clinics, disaster sites, and the open environment. The integration and sharing of such information can contribute significantly to a better understanding of patients' health conditions and therefore to improving the quality of healthcare provided to them. However, in order to achieve sufficient levels of collaborative use of information among healthcare-related practitioners, there is a need to overcome a number of issues such as privacy and interoperability, among others. This chapter discusses two of the main challenges encountered before healthcare information systems can collaboratively share patients' records, namely privacy and interoperability.
Security Risks of Biomedical Data Processing in Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Zubairu Babangida
Published: March 2019

The emergence of new innovations in technology changes the rate of data generated in health-related institutions and the way data should be handled. As such, the amount of data generated is always on the increase, which demands the need of advanced, automated management systems and storage platforms for handling large biomedical data. Cloud computing has emerged as the promising technology for present and future that can handle large amount of data and enhance processing and management of the data remotely. One of the disturbance concerns of the technology is the security of the data. Data in the cloud is subject to security threats, and this has highlighted the need for exploring security measures against the threats. The chapter provides detailed analysis of cloud computing deployment strategies and risks associated with the technology and tips for biomedical data storage and processing through cloud computing services.
Legal Issues Surrounding Connected Government Services
Authors: Kiran Mariam
Published: March 2019

Recent technological advances have led to a knowledge-driven economy, where we expect and need information accessible from anywhere. Connected Government (c-government) enables governments to communicate through technology with their citizens and other governments. The use of ICT and emerging technologies has made this relationship much more effective. Although, most research is focused towards infrastructures and flexible services provision, form, there is a need for a layer of legal regulations to be followed. Legal issues can further aid in the provision of transparency, data confidentiality and encryption techniques. This is where Cloud Computing infrastructures can play an important role. This chapter looks into the Cloud infrastructure and discusses how Clouds are being used for connected government services, while further extending the discussion by looking at the legal issues surrounding the use of Clouds, particularly focusing on the UK G-Cloud as a case study.
Communication Privacy Management and Mobile Phone Use
Authors: Worthington Debra L. , Fitch-Hauser Margaret
Published: March 2019

The introduction of new technologies effects rapid social change and challenges social norms. A major challenge with the advent of mobile phones is how the technology tests traditional notions of personal privacy and interaction involvement, particularly in public settings. Communication privacy management (CPM) theory provides a means of explaining the tensions between mobile phone users and proximate others. In this article, components of communication privacy management theory are outlined and its application to mobile communication is discussed. Next, privacy issues associated with specific mobile technology are reviewed and cultural differences in mobile communication privacy needs are examined. In light of the limited research in this area, suggestions for future research are also presented.
Security and Privacy Issues in Cloud-Based E-Government
Authors: Susanto Heru , Almunawar Mohammad Nabil
Published: March 2019

Cloud computing services have grown rapidly over the years. Government agencies are also interested in cloud-based provision for their E-government processes. Despite the advantages of cloud-related technologies, there are many security issues as well that fall into several categories of breaches with serious impacts. All these breaches have serious legal and reputational implications. Therefore, governments need to ensure that inherent security threats can be neutralized to ensure that data or information stored in the cloud are well protected. It is imperative for cloud-based e-government (CB-eGov) to use an information security management system (ISMS) to effectively manage CB-eGov. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss how cloud computing can be incorporated in an e-government implementation to improve its efficiency without compromising information security. As such, the government needs to take special care in ensuring security, privacy, and confidentiality of information stored in the cloud.
A Comparative Study of Privacy Protection Practices in the US, Europe, and Asia
Authors: Ashrafi Noushin , Kuilboer Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2019

This article describes how national and international companies in the US and Europe, as well as newly industrialized countries such as China and India, are striving to gain consumer trust by offering visible and meaningful Privacy Protection Policies (PPP) on their websites. This article deploys large sets of data and descriptive indicators to compare and contrast the extent of the visibility, specificity, and lucidity of privacy policies posted by interactive companies on the Internet. Examining about 2000 Interactive companies in the USA, Europe, and Asia provides a measure of divergent responses to the growing demand for privacy protection. The results of this comparative study should help interested readers from the business world, academics, and administrations get a grasp of the extent of efforts by international corporations to protect personal information privacy in an increasingly global economy.
Impact of Big Data on Security
Authors: Ramani Kasarapu
Published: March 2019

Big data has great commercial importance to major businesses, but security and privacy challenges are also daunting this storage, processing, and communication. Big data encapsulate organizations' most important and sensitive data with multi-level complex implementation. The challenge for any organization is securing access to the data while allowing end user to extract valuable insights. Unregulated access privileges to the big data leads to loss or theft of valuable and sensitive. Privilege escalation leads to insider threats. Also, the computing architecture of big data is not focusing on session recording; therefore, it is becoming a challenge to identify potential security issues and to take remedial and mitigation mechanisms. Therefore, various big data security issues and their defense mechanisms are discussed in this chapter.
Advances in Information, Security, Privacy and Ethics
Authors: Woodside Joseph M.
Published: March 2019

The future of education lays in the hand of Cloud Computing given the benefits of learning delivery, costs reduction, and innovation. At the same time, the threat of cyber-attacks and security breaches are also mounting for education based organizations and are a prime target given the amount and type of personal information available. This manuscript discusses the cloud security, privacy, and ethical mechanisms required from a teacher, student, and administrator perspective.
Emerging Cloud Computing Services
Authors: Yao Yulin
Published: March 2019

Cloud Computing has offered many services to organizations and individuals. The emerging types of services such as analytics, mobile services and emerging software as a service have been offered but there is a lack of analysis on the current status. Core technologies for emerging Cloud services have been identified and presented. This brief opinion paper provides an overview of the current emerging Cloud services and explains the benefits for several disciplines. Four areas have been identified that may bring in more positive impacts for the future direction.
The Affordances of 3D Virtual Learning Environments
Authors: Matsui Hisae , Ahern Terence C.
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to examine participants' perceived affordances of three-dimensional virtual learning environments (3D VLEs) in developing interpersonal emotional connections with their partners during the initial stage of the virtual exchange. To fulfill the purpose, two Japanese and two American students were paired and participated in sessions within two differently designed virtual environments using the same 3D virtual application. The results indicate that the participants tend to find avatars useful as a cue that helps in recalling previous conversations and in avoiding long silences. Additionally, the affordances of the 3D VLEs heightened the experience of co-presence. However, for non-native speakers, this experience also created increased anxiety. Finally, the results show the affordances affected the participants much more strongly during the first several sessions but were mitigated by other factors as the sessions continued.
Integrating Virtual Spaces
Authors: Hartwick Peggy , Nowlan Nuket Savaskan
Published: March 2019

This chapter explores perspectives from general learning theories in relation to affordances of 3D virtual learning environments (3DVLEs) in order to substantiate a theoretically informed pedagogical design process. Following this review, the authors describe 3DVLE space and task design used as part of an English for Academic Purpose (EAP) course at a Canadian university. The design process is then contextualized according to a Phillips, McNaught, and Kennedy's (2010, 2012) learning framework called Learning Environment, Learning Processes, and Learning Outcomes (LEPO). The authors share sample tasks and screen shots of the 3DVLE, as well as teacher and designer recommendations for future designs. In conclusion, the authors stress the importance of drawing on multiple learning theories to illuminate the affordances of the space. Further, they call for empirical research that makes use of telemetric data in the assessment of learner interaction in relation to achieving learning outcomes and predicting learner success.
Foreign Language Teaching Practices in 3D Multi-User Virtual Immersive Learning Environments
Authors: Demirbilek Muhammet , Siauciune Vaida Kazlauskaite
Published: March 2019

3D multi-user virtual environments (MUVE) bring new opportunities to foreign language teaching and learning as a platform for teaching practices. Due to immersive and interactive nature of 3D MUVE, these tools have gained popularity in the field of foreign language learning and teaching. The power of virtual learning environments lies in creating immersive 3-D spaces that give users a sense of learning by doing. Moreover, the environment is interactive and is much the same as real world interaction. MUVE provides strong support for synchronous collaborations, interactions, and immersive environments for experiential and constructivist learning settings. Some key features of the virtual worlds comprise the ability to construct 3D environments that simulate real world situations, as well as the ability to have a virtual identity to create a cross-cultural self and the ability to have participants from around the world acting virtually in designated roles that convey new types of learning within this environment.
Digital and Spatial Education Intertwining in the Evolution of Technology Resources for Educational Curriculum Reshaping and Skills Enhancement
Authors: Santoianni Flavia , Ciasullo Alessandro
Published: March 2019

The aim of this research is to deepen how digital education has been intertwined with spatial education throughout the evolution of technology resources. In the last years, the user experience has been improved by open-source, collaborative user-generated, and immersive content – starting from multimedia/hypermedia architectures to synthetic learning environments. This research analyses which spatial design principles have influenced multimedia/hypermedia, collaborative web 2.0 interfaces, and more recently the synthetic environments of virtual worlds. The evolution of technology resources supports the hypothesis of a continuous intertwining between digital and spatial education since multimedia/hypermedia architectures, in which spatial knowledge may play a significant role in web-based design according to individual differences in hypermedia fruition, prior knowledge in the field, and personal experience in web-based instruction. In collaborative user-generated content technology, visual presentation facilitates learning co-construction and spaces are intended as synchronous and asynchronous virtual knowledge spaces of communication. In 3D virtual learning environments, spatial interaction is really developed and may open full accessibility to further studies on digital and spatial education. In the joined field of learning and ICT, the main scope of digital technology knowledge sharing, and re-shaping, is the enhancement of digital skills based on experiences in educational activities and the re-thinking of the nature and the format of educational curriculum to implement more experiences in the digital – and, possibly, spatial – fields.
Survey of Students' Perception and the Influence of Learning Style Preferences on Learner's Intention to Use 3D Visualization Instruction
Authors: Hung Yu-Hsin , Chang Ray I. , Lin Chun Fu
Published: March 2019

3D visualization specifically has been widely applied in a broad range of fields, including computer science, pedagogy, and so forth. 3D visualization instruction has become the essential tool that uses computer programs to generate 3D representations of manmade objects. For users, 3D visualization instruction can be manipulated, altered and efficiently communicated to others, and it is efficient for teaching and learning. The aim of this study is investigating students' perception toward 3D visualization instruction, and the influence of learning-style preferences on learners' intentions to use 3D visualization instruction. We are trying to develop the experiment which undergraduate students participated in this study, the purpose of which was to investigate the utilize 3D visualization instruction access to the single learning style and multiple learning styles. Data mining technology was employed in this study to identify multiple learning styles. The result showed that high visual and high sensing learning style has potential of using 3D visualization instruction.
Usage and Diffusion of Biotechnology Virtual Labs for Enhancing University Education in India's Urban and Rural Areas
Authors: Diwakar Shyam , Radhamani Rakhi , Sujatha Gopika , Sasidharakurup Hemalatha , Shekhar Akhila , Achuthan Krishnashree , Nedungadi Prema , Raman Raghu , Nair Bipin
Published: March 2019

Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-enabled virtual laboratories provide an online learning experience with the aid of computer-based instructional materials (animation, simulation, and remote-trigger experiments) for improving the active learning process. The project reported on in this chapter was set up in order to enhance university and college education, which is now becoming an advanced training environment for solving the geographical, social, and economic challenges faced in the interdisciplinary field of science education, especially in India. In order to study the role of biotechnology virtual laboratories in the current education system, a pedagogical survey, via workshops and online feedback, was carried out among several student and teacher groups of different Indian universities. This chapter reports how virtual labs in biotechnology can be used to improve teaching and learning experiences in an easy and understandable way with user interaction and how such tools serve to effectively reduce the problems of laboratory education especially in remote areas. The results obtained from user-feedback analysis suggest the use of virtual labs as a recommended component in blended education in large classroom scenarios for enhancing autonomous learning process and as an alternative to enhance lab education in geographically remote and economically challenged institutes.
CSCLab
Authors: Prata Paula , Alves Samuel
Published: March 2019

This paper presents a platform to create and manage virtual computing laboratories using Cloud resources. Using this platform a professor can create a customized laboratory according to the class needs. The laboratory is composed of a set of virtual machines that students may use to get access to the necessary computing resources to attend the class. The platform aims at the creation of a solution to avoid proprietary lock in's, and it was designed to be agnostic to the cloud infrastructure. The machines of the lab can be accessed using some remote desktop protocol and managed by non-expert users.
Social Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Sustainability
Authors: Carvalho João M. S.
Published: March 2019

This chapter provides a summarized and objective review over the relationships among innovation, social innovation, entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship, new business models (NBM), value proposition and sustainability (economic, social, ecological, and psychological). A study has been done in Porto region through interviews with 13 social innovators and entrepreneurs to evaluate those relationships. The conceptual base for the analysis presented in this chapter is tetrad-value theory. It has been concluded that market-oriented social innovation has a crucial role in the social entrepreneurship development. Moreover, these NBM should be adjusted to population needs towards societal well-being, by combining creation of shared value, co-creation of value, and multiple value creation. Thus, a transformational value proposition contributes to economic, social, ecological, and psychological sustainability, and consequently to human, social and territorial development.
Social Innovation in the For-Profit Organization
Authors: Abbate Tindara , Presenza Angelo , Sheehan Lorn R.
Published: March 2019

Social entrepreneurship and social innovation are attracting increasing attention from policy makers, practitioners, as well as academics. They represent different ways of thinking and addressing social issues often overlooked by public/private organizations and also provide a viable means of responding to multiple social, economic and environmental crises. With this in mind, this chapter leads to a better understanding of social entrepreneurship and social innovation in the non-profit sector, using one specific case followed by a more generalized discussion. The case of “Banca Prossima” illustrates engagement in social problems and trying to find and apply new solutions that simultaneously meet a social need while also leading to new or improved capabilities and relationships and a better use of assets and resources.
Introduction of Social Media Platforms and Social Media Analytics for Social CRM
Authors: Lee In
Published: March 2019

This chapter reviews customer relationship management, social media platforms, and social media analytics, and discusses how social media platforms and social media analytics are used to support social CRM. Social CRM emerged by integrating social media with customer relationship management. Social media offers companies an array of innovative ways to interact with their employees, customers, partners, and other stakeholders. As the user base of social media is growing rapidly, it is crucial for companies to understand their social media platforms, develop a plan to continually integrate social media with CRM, analyze social media data with social media analytics, and quickly respond to the needs of customers. To help CRM managers utilize social media analytics systematically, this chapter discusses various analytics methods and presents analytics processes for social media data.
Nascent Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: López-Cózar-Navarro Cristina , Priede-Bergamini Tiziana
Published: March 2019

In the past few decades a new way of responding to social and environmental problems has emerge: the social entrepreneurship. It is presented as a special type of venture, in which the creation of social value prevails over the maximization of profits. Thus, the main objective of these type of venture is to serve the community and to search for a positive social change. In this chapter, in addition to presenting the concept of social entrepreneurship within the so-called third sector and its various approaches, the main legal forms are also presented, from the cooperatives to the newest initiatives carried out in different countries. Likewise, the different sources of funding that can used by social entrepreneurs, especially business angels and crowdfunding, are detailed. Finally, new trends such as the bottom of the pyramid and the positive social change are addressed within social entrepreneurship.
Strengths and Limitations of Social Media Analytics Tools
Authors: Gašpar Dražena , Mabić Mirela
Published: March 2019

The aim of this chapter is to research and present strengths and limitations of social media analytics tools used in the financial sector. Emphasis is on the business point of view that sees the social media analytics as a collection of tools that transform semi-structured and unstructured social data into noteworthy business insight. There are two main aspects of social media analytics: the technology aspect which covers identifying, extracting, and analyzing social media data using sophisticated tools and techniques; and the business aspect which interprets the data findings and aligns them with business goals. Namely, it is simply not enough to have a social media analytics tool; the tool should be strategically aligned to support existing business goals. The chapter offers a framework for easier adoption and implementation of these tools in the financial sector.