bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Topologically protected multiple resonant modes in a one-dimensional photonic crystal heterostructure
Authors: Singh Ankit , Kumar Pramod , Tiwari Akhilesh
Published: March 2023

This paper proposed and theoretically examined a double-interfaced one-dimensional photonic crystal heterostructure for strong localization of topologically protected resonant modes. It is challenging to achieve these modes for a range of wavelengths using a single photonic crystal. The design proposed in this study is a heterostructure of photonic crystals 1 (PC1) and 2 (PC2), and it provides distributed localized modes from the infrared to ultraviolet wavelength ranges. In addition, multiple resonant modes occur at certain photonic bandgaps due to the addition of the third photonic crystal (PC3), which is analytically modeled with the heterostructure of PC1 and PC2. The enhancement in the number of resonant modes depends on the PC2 number of unit-cells and the reflection phase of the proposed heterostructure. The reflection phase is abruptly changing from 0 to π for several wavelengths inside the bandgap. These resonance modes are also dependent on the topological behavior of each connected photonic crystal and are immune to small disorder and back-scattering within the crystal. The high-quality factor (Q-factor ∼107) shows strong light–matter interaction of these multiple resonant modes. The characterization was done in terms of the Zak phase, sign of the reflection phase, and bandgap overlapping. Consequently, this heterostructure may pave the way for new topological photonics and new applications in optoelectronics, frequency up-conversion, photonic devices, rainbow trapping, multiwavelength optical filters, and so on.
Multimode optical phased array for parallel beam steering – feasibility study
Authors: Badal Md Torikul Islam , Scott James , Wang Ke
Published: March 2023

Silicon integrated Optical Phased Arrays (OPA) have been widely studied for wide and accurate beam steering applications, taking advantage of the high power handling capability, the stable and precise optical beam control, and the CMOS fabrication compatibility to realize low-cost devices. Both one-dimensional and two-dimensional silicon integrated OPAs have been demonstrated, and beam steering over a large angular range with versatile beam patterns have been achieved. However, existing silicon integrated OPAs are based on single mode operation, tuning the phase delay of the fundamental mode amongst phased array elements and generating a beam from each OPA. Whilst generating more beams for parallel steering are feasible by using multiple OPAs integrated on the same silicon circuit, the device size, complexity as well as power consumption increase substantially. To overcome these limitations, in this research, we propose and demonstrate the feasibility of designing and using multimode OPA to generate more than one beam from the same silicon integrated OPA. The overall architecture, multiple beam parallel steering operation principle, and key individual components are discussed. Results show that with the simplest two modes operation, the proposed multimode OPA design principle can realize parallel beam steering to reduce the number of beam steering required over the target angular range and the power consumption by almost 50%, whilst minimizing the device size by more than 30%. When the multimode OPA operates with a larger number of modes, the improvements on the number of beam steering, the power consumption and the size increase further.
Ultralinear 140-GHz FMCW signal generation with optical parametric wideband frequency modulation enabling 1-mm range resolution
Authors: Ishimura Shota , Kan Takashi , Takahashi Hidenori , Tsuritani Takehiro , Suzuki Masatoshi
Published: March 2023

We demonstrate ultralinear and ultrawideband frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) signal generation using an optical parametric wideband frequency modulation (OPWBFM) method. The OPWBFM method optically expands the bandwidths of FMCW signals beyond the electrical bandwidths of optical modulators via a cascaded four-wave mixing (FWM) process. Compared to the conventional direct modulation approach, the OPWBFM method simultaneously achieves high linearity and a short measurement time of the frequency sweep. On the other hand, it is also known that the OPWBFM method expands the phase noise of idlers as well as their bandwidths if an input conjugate pair has different phase noise. To avoid this phase noise expansion, it is crucial to synchronize the phase of an input complex conjugate pair of an FMCW signal using an optical frequency comb. For demonstration, we successfully generated an ultralinear 140-GHz FMCW signal by using the OPWBFM method. Moreover, we employ a frequency comb in the conjugate pair generation process, leading to the mitigation of phase noise expansion. By using a 140-GHz FMCW signal, we achieve a range resolution of ∼1 mm through fiber-based distance measurement. The results show the feasibility of an ultralinear and ultrawideband FMCW system with a sufficiently short measurement time.
Dual-frequency fundamental-mode NPRO laser for low-noise microwave generation
Authors: Fan Weitong , Ma Chunzhao , Liu Danqing , Zhu Rong , Zhou Guobin , Gong Xuezhen , Zhou Shungao , Xu Jie , Yuan Wenhao , Guo Changlei , Yeh Hsien-Chi
Published: March 2023

Monolithic nonplanar ring oscillators (NPROs) have achieved great success in industry, scientific applications and space missions due to their excellent narrow-linewidth, low-noise, high beam-quality, lightweight and compact performances. Here, we show that stable dual-frequency or multi-frequency fundamental-mode (DFFM or MFFM) laser can be stimulated directly by tunning pump divergence-angle and beam-waist injected to NPRO. The DFFM laser has a frequency deviation of one free spectral range of the resonator and thus can be utilized for pure microwave generation by common-mode-rejection. To demonstrate the purity of the microwave signal, a theoretical phase noise model is established, and the phase noise and the frequency tunability of the microwave signal are experimentally studied. Single sideband phase noise for a 5.7 GHz carrier is measured as low as -112 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset, and -150 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz offset in the free running condition of the laser, which outperforms its counterparts from dual-frequency Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes. The frequency of the microwave signal can be efficiently tunned through two channels, with frequency tunning coefficients of 15 Hz/V by piezo, and -60.5 kHz/K by temperature, respectively. We expect that such compact, tunable, low-cost and low-noise microwave sources can facilitate multiple applications including miniaturized atomic clocks, communication and radar, etc.
Single-photon avalanche diode fabricated in standard 55 nm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS technology with sub-20 V breakdown voltage
Authors: Ha Won-Yong , Park Eunsung , Eom Doyoon , Park Hyo-Sung , Chong Daniel , Tan Shyue Seng , Tng Michelle , Quek Elgin , Bruschini Claudio , Charbon Edoardo , Choi Woo-Young , Lee Myung-Jae
Published: March 2023

This paper presents a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) in 55 nm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD) technology. In order to realize a SPAD having sub-20 V breakdown voltage for mobile applications while preventing high tunneling noise, a high-voltage N-well available in BCD is utilized to implement the avalanche multiplication region. The resulting SPAD has a breakdown voltage of 18.4 V while achieving an excellent dark count rate of 4.4 cps/µm2 at the excess bias voltage of 7 V in spite of the advanced technology node. At the same time, the device achieves a high peak photon detection probability (PDP) of 70.1% at 450 nm thanks to the high and uniform E-field. Its PDP values at 850 and 940 nm, wavelengths of interest for 3D ranging applications reach 7.2 and 3.1%, respectively, with the use of deep N-well. The timing jitter of the SPAD, full width at half maximum (FWHM), is 91 ps at 850 nm. It is expected that the presented SPAD enables cost-effective time-of-flight and LiDAR sensors with the advanced standard technology for many mobile applications.
Laguerre Gaussian mode holography and its application in optical encryption
Authors: Zhang Furong , Kong Ling-Jun , Zhang Zhuo , Zhang Jingfeng , Zhang Xiangdong
Published: March 2023

Holography provides an approach to reconstructing both intensity and phase information, and has many applications for microscopic imaging, optical security, and data storage. Recently, the azimuthal Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) mode index, orbital angular momentum (OAM), has been implemented in holography technologies as an independent degree of freedom for high-security encryption. The radial index (RI) of LG mode, however, has not been implemented as an information carrier in holography. Here we propose and demonstrate the RI holography by using strong RI selectivity in the spatial-frequency domain. Furthermore, the LG holography is realized theoretically and experimentally with the (RI, OAM) spanning from (1, -15) to (7, 15), which leads to a 26bit LG-multiplexing hologram for high-security optical encryption. Based on LG holography, a high-capacity holographic information system can be constructed. In our experiments, a LG-multiplexing holography with a span of 217 independent LG channels has been realized, which is inaccessible at present for the OAM holography.
Optoelectronic coherent Ising machine for combinatorial optimization problems
Authors: Mwamsojo Nickson , Lehmann Frederic , Merghem Kamel , Benkelfat Badr-Eddine , Frignac Yann
Published: March 2023

Hopfield networks are iterative procedures able to solve combinatorial optimization problems. New studies regarding algorithm-architecture adequacy are fostered by the re-emergence of hardware implementations of such methods in the form of Ising machines. In this work, we propose an optoelectronic architecture suitable for fast processing and low energy consumption. We show that our approach allows effective optimization relevant to statistical image denoising.
Direct sampling of ultrashort laser pulses using third-harmonic generation with perturbation in ambient air
Authors: Huang Pei , Yuan Hao , Cao Huabao , Wang Hushan , Wang Xianglin , Wang Yishan , Zhao Wei , Fu Yuxi
Published: March 2023

We propose a simple and robust all-optical pulse sampling method to characterize the temporal profiles of ultrashort laser pulses. The method is based on a third-harmonic generation (THG) process with perturbation in ambient air, which requires no retrieval algorithm and can be potentially applied to electric field measurement. The method has been successfully used to characterize multi-cycle and few-cycle pulses with a spectral range from 800 nm to 2200 nm. Considering the broad phase-matching bandwidth of THG and extremely low dispersion of air, this method is suitable for ultrashort pulse characterization even for single-cycle pulses in the near- to mid-infrared range. Thus, the method provides a reliable and highly accessible approach for pulse measurement in ultrafast optics research.
Quasi-symmetry-protected BICs in a double-notched silicon nanodisk metasurface
Authors: Ma Wenbin , Zhou Chaobiao
Published: March 2023

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) hold great promise in enhancing light–matter interaction as they have an infinite Q-factor. To date, the symmetry-protected BIC (SP-BIC) is one of the most intensively studied BICs because it is easily found in a dielectric metasurface satisfying certain group symmetry. To convert SP-BICs into quasi-BICs (QBICs), structural symmetry shall be broken so that external excitation can access them. Usually, the unit cell’s asymmetry is created by removing or adding parts of dielectric nanostructures. The QBICs are usually excited only by s-polarized or p-polarized light because of the symmetry-breaking of the structure. In this work, we investigate the excited QBIC properties by introducing double notches on the edges of highly symmetrical silicon nanodisks. The QBIC shares the same optical response under the s-polarized and p-polarized light. The effect of polarization on coupling efficiency between the QBIC mode and incident light is studied, and the highest coupling efficiency occurs at a polarization angle of 135∘, which corresponds to the radiative channel. Moreover, the near-field distribution and multipole decomposition confirm that the QBIC is dominated by the magnetic dipole along the z direction. It is noted that the QBIC covers a wide spectrum region. Finally, we present an experimental confirmation; the measured spectrum shows a sharp Fano resonance with a Q-factor of 260. Our results suggest promising applications in enhancing light–matter interaction, such as lasing, sensing, and nonlinear harmonic generation.
Injection current and temperature dependence of the optoelectronic properties for electrical-stressed InGaN based micro-LEDs
Authors: Ma Zhanhong , Ma Xin , Sun Xuejiao , Zhao Lixia
Published: March 2023

InGaN-based micro-LEDs are promising for many applications, including visible light communication (VLC), micro-display, etc. However, to realize the above full potential, it is important to understand the degradation behaviors and physical mechanisms of micro-LEDs during operation. Here, the optoelectronic properties of InGaN-based blue micro-LEDs were investigated over a wide range of injection currents (1-100 mA) and temperatures (5-300 K) before and after stress. The results show that the optical power of the micro-LED degrades after stress, especially at lower current density, indicating that the Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) nonradiative recombination increased for the stressed device. In addition, the slopes of log L-log I curves changes from 1.0 to 2.1 at low current density, and the ideality factor extracted from the I-V curves change from 1.9 to 3.4 after current stress, indicating there is an increase of the defects in the active layer after stress. The activation energy of defects evaluated from the temperature-dependent electroluminescence (EL) spectra is about 200 meV, which could be related to the N-vacancy related defects. Besides, the peak wavelength, peak energy and the full width at half maximum of the injection current- and temperature-dependent EL spectra were discussed. The electron-hole pair combines in the form of SRH nonradiative recombination, causing some carriers to redistribute and a state-filling effect in higher-energy states in multiple quantum wells (MQWs), resulting in the appearance of the shorter-wavelength luminescence in the EL spectra. These findings can help to further understand the degradation mechanisms of InGaN micro-LEDs operated under high current density.
Propagation and focusing dependency of a laser beam with its aberration distribution: understanding of the halo induced disturbance
Authors: Rondepierre Alexandre , Oumbarek Espinos Driss , Zhidkov Alexei , Hosokai Tomonao
Published: March 2023

In various applications, it is necessary to understand laser field dynamics during its propagation, especially at the focal position including the dispersed energy surrounding the main pulse, called the halo effect. For instance, the properties of electron beams produced by laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) strongly depend on the laser energy distribution and its halo in the vicinity of the focus. Indeed, under certain conditions, this halo, or even its internal structures, can propagate and be self-focused independently of the main pulse in the plasma. This paper aims to provide sufficient tools to properly describe the behavior of a focused laser beam, including the halo. Subsequently, an optical description regarding the source of this halo is provided. A more accurate estimation of the input laser beam that should be used in simulations of high-power laser applications may now be obtained. Finally, one may also find ways to positively manipulate the laser beam. Using Fresnel diffraction theory, the propagation and focusing of an experimental high-power (sub-petawatt) aberrated beam is numerically calculated. The shape of the focused beam pattern within a few Rayleigh lengths is analysed as a function of main aberrations (up to the 14
th
term of Zernike polynomials). Furthermore, at the focus position, the spreading of the energy is compared to both the case of a perfect diffraction-limited Gaussian and a super-Gaussian beam.
Assessment of goal-directed behavior with the 3D videogame EPELI: Psychometric features in a web-based adult sample
Authors: Jylkkä Jussi , Ritakallio Liisa , Merzon Liya , Kangas Suvi , Kliegel Matthias , Zuber Sascha , Hering Alexandra , Salmi Juha , Laine Matti
Published: March 2023

EPELI (Executive Performance in Everyday LIving) is a recently developed gaming tool for objective assessment of goal-directed behavior and prospective memory (PM) in everyday contexts. This pre-registered study examined psychometric features of a new EPELI adult online version, modified from the original child version and further developed for self-administered web-based testing at home. A sample of 255 healthy adults completed EPELI where their task was to perform household chores instructed by a virtual character. The participants also filled out PM-related questionnaires and a diary and performed two conventional PM tasks and an intelligence test. We expected that the more “life-like” EPELI task would show stronger associations with conventional PM questionnaires and diary-based everyday PM reports than traditional PM tasks would do. This hypothesis did not receive support. Although EPELI was rated as more similar to everyday tasks, performance in it was not associated with the questionnaires and the diary. However, there were associations between time-monitoring behavior in EPELI and the traditional PM tasks. Taken together, online adult-EPELI was found to be a reliable method with high ecological face validity, but its convergent validity requires further research.
Potentiation effect of mallotojaponin B on chloramphenicol and mode of action of combinations against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Nguena-Dongue Branly-Natalien , Tchamgoue Joseph , Ngandjui Tchangoue Yvan Anderson , Lunga Paul Keilah , Toghueo Kouipou Rufin Marie , Zeuko`o Menkem Elisabeth , Melogmo Yanick Kevin Dongmo , Tchouankeu Jean Claude , Kouam Simeon Fogue , Fekam Boyom Fabrice
Published: March 2023

Staphylococcus aureus, the causative agent of many infectious diseases has developed resistance to many antibiotics, even chloramphenicol which was the essential antibiotic recommended for the treatment of bacterial infection. Thus, other alternatives to fight against S. aureus infections are necessary; and combinatory therapy of antibiotics with natural compounds is one of the approaches. This study evaluated the activity of the combination of mallotojaponin B and chloramphenicol against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Antibacterial activities were evaluated by broth microdilution and the checkerboard methods. Modes of action as time-kill kinetic, Nucleotide leakage, inhibition and eradication of biofilm, and loss of salt tolerance were evaluated. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on Vero and Raw cell lines. Mallotojaponin B showed good activity against MRSA with a MIC value of 12.5 μg/mL. MRSA showed high resistance to chloramphenicol (MIC = 250 μg/mL). The combination produced a synergistic effect with a mean FICI of 0.393. This combination was bactericidal, inducing nucleotide leakage, inhibiting biofilm formation, and eradicating biofilm formed by MRSA. The synergic combination was non-cytotoxic to Vero and Raw cell lines. Thus, the combination of mallotojaponin B and chloramphenicol could be a potential alternative to design a new drug against MRSA infections.
Significant antimicrobial-producing vegetation uniquely shapes the stormwater biofilter microbiome with implications for enhanced faecal pathogen inactivation
Authors: Galbraith Penelope Jane , Henry Rebekah , McCarthy David Thomas
Published: March 2023

Biofilters demonstrate promising yet inconsistent removal of faecal pathogens from stormwater. Antimicrobial-producing plants represent safe, inexpensive biofilter design features which can significantly enhance faecal microbe treatment. The microbiota naturally inhabiting biofilters have additionally been established as key mediators of faecal microbe inactivation. To date, however, it remains unknown: (1) to what extent plants, including significant antimicrobial-producing plants, influence the biofilter microbiome; and (2) how this in turn impacts faecal microorganism survival/die-off. The present study employed 16S rRNA sequencing to examine these relationships throughout the soil profiles of differently vegetated biofilters over time. It was found that plants had subtle but significant influences on the composition and structure of resident biofilter bacterial communities, with varying impacts observed throughout biofilter profiles. Bacterial communities inhabiting biofilters comprising significant antimicrobial-producing plants demonstrated distinct compositional and taxonomic differences relative to other configurations. In particular, compared to other biofilters, the best-performing configuration for faecal bacterial treatment, Melaleuca linariifolia (significant antimicrobial-producing plant), exhibited both higher and lower relative frequencies of putative faecal bacterial antagonists (e.g. Actinobacteria) and mutualists (e.g. certain Gammaproteobacteria), respectively. These preliminary findings suggest that antimicrobial plants may enhance populations of microbiota which suppress faecal bacterial survival, and highlight the plant-microbiome relationship as a novel area of focus for optimising biofilter performance.
Distribution analysis of tetracycline resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from floor surface and effluent of pig slaughterhouses in Banten Province, Indonesia
Authors: Pazra Debby Fadhilah , Latif Hadri , Basri Chaerul , Wibawan I. Wayan Teguh , Rahayu Puji
Published: March 2023

Background and Aim: Slaughterhouses and their effluents could serve as a "hotspot" for the occurrence and distribution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment. This study aimed to understand the distribution of tetracycline resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from the floor surface and effluent samples of pig slaughterhouses in Banten Province, Indonesia.

Materials and Methods: Ten samples, each from floor surface swabs and effluents, were collected from 10 pig slaughterhouses in Banten Province. Escherichia coli strains were isolated and identified by referring to the protocol of the Global Tricycle Surveillance extended-spectrum beta-lactamase E. coli from the WHO (2021). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the tet genes.

Results: The tetA, tetB, tetC, tetM, tetO, and tetX genes were distributed in the isolates from the floor surface samples, and the tetA, tetC, tetE, tetM, tetO, and tetX genes were distributed in the isolates from the effluent samples. The tetO gene (60%) was the most dominant gene in the isolates from floor surface samples, while the tetA gene was the dominant one in the isolates from the effluent samples (50%). The tetA + tetO gene combination was the dominant pattern (15%) in the E. coli isolates.

Conclusion: The high prevalence and diversity of the tet genes in floor surface and effluent samples from pig slaughterhouses in Banten Province indicated that the transmission of the tet genes had occurred from pigs to the environment; thus, this situation should be considered a serious threat to public health.

Keywords: effluent, Escherichia coli, pig slaughterhouse, tet gene, tetracycline resistance.
Gender Differences and Motivation for The Teaching Profession: Why Do Men Choose (Not) To Teach?
Authors:   Institute for Social Research in Zagreb, Jugović Ivana Pikić , Maskalan Ana ,   Institute for Social Research in Zagreb, Ivanec Tea Pavin ,   Faculty of Teacher Education, University of Zagreb
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to explore gender differences in motivation for choosing teaching as a profession and perceptions of men’s demotivation for the choice of this profession. 279 preservice subject teachers from the University of Zagreb, Croatia, filled in the FIT-Choice Scale (Watt & Richardson, 2007) and the Demotivation of Men for Teaching Career Choice Scale. Results revealed that, regardless of their gender, preservice subject teachers were primarily motivated by the intrinsic and social utility values of teaching, while specific gender differences imply the importance of the role of social factors in men’s choice of this career. Low status of the teaching profession was perceived as the dominant reason for demotivation of men to choose it. Women were more likely than men to assume that men are demotivated to choose teaching because it is a “women’s profession”. Policy implications of findings on men’s (de)motivation for teaching are discussed.
Preservice Teachers’ Self-efficacy Through COVID-19: A Large Scale Survey of Students at a Regional University In Australia
Authors:   University of Southern Queensland, Leach Tania , Le Anh Hai ,   Griffith University, Barton Georgina M. ,   University of Southern Queensland
Published: March 2023

Throughout 2020, the world was significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the context of higher education, the pandemic critically affected professional experience, a core component of teacher education. This paper shares data from a large-scale survey about teachers’ sense of self-efficacy and the impact of COVID-19 on professional experience. Findings showed that the disrupted context had a moderate effect of pre-service teachers’ self-efficacy in relation to their classroom management, instructional strategies, and student engagement. Qualitative results illuminated that the modes of learning, changing classroom contexts and communication between the pre-service teachers, school and their university were the underlying contextual factors that impacted pre-service teacher’s self-efficacy. Implications from these findings challenge universities to consider how to best support pre-service teachers’ progression in times of disruption and consider how Initial Teacher Education (ITE) programs prepare pre-service teachers to teach in disrupted classrooms.
Self-interference cancellation in underwater acoustic communications systems using orthogonal pilots in IBFD
Authors: Naman Hala A. , Abdelkareem Ammar E.
Published: March 2023

This paper proposes a Self-interference (SI) cancellation system model of Underwater acoustic (UWA) communication for in-band full-duplex (IBFD) technology. The SI channel is separated from the Far channel by exploiting a concurrently orthogonal pilot channel estimation technique using two orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) blocks to establish orthogonality between them based on a unitary matrix. Compared to the half-duplex channel estimator, the mean squared error (MSE) and the bit error rate (BER) provided strong evidence for the efficiency of the proposed SI cancellation. Since full-duplex systems are more efficient than half-duplex ones, the proposed approach might be seen as a viable option for them. The proposed method proved effective when used with a fixed full-duplex (FD) position and FD shifting of up to 4°. Different channel lengths and distances are adopted to evaluate the proposed method. Initial findings indicate that MSE for the SI channel minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimator at 20 dB is 0.118 · 10−3, for fixed FD. In addition, this paper presents a geometry channel model for the Far channel in the IBFD underwater communication system that describes the propagation delay of the multipath reflection. The simulation results for the multipath propagation delay spread are similar to the traditional results, with the delay spread of the suggested model reaching (79 ms), which is close to the Bellhop simulator result (78 ms).
Heat transfer characteristics of double pipe heat exchanger having externally enhanced inner pipe
Authors: Vijayaragavan Balasubramanian , Asok Suyambu Pandian , Shakthi Ganesh Chandrasekar Ramalekshmi
Published: March 2023

An investigation on enhancement of heat transfer is carried out for a double pipe heat exchanger in which the outer wall of the inner pipe is provided with circumferential labyrinth passages. Rectangular and triangular cavities with fixed labyrinth tooth thickness, height, and pitch are considered and the effect of added labyrinth structures on the heat transfer characteristics is discussed. A two-dimensional steady numerical simulation is carried out using ANSYS-FLUENT software. The flow Reynolds number equals to 20 000 and 43 000 for the hot and cold fluids, respectively, while other fluid properties are constant. From the numerical analysis carried out in this work, it is identified that the added labyrinth passages in the heat exchange surface improve the heat transfer rate and can reduce the length of the heat exchanger. Numerical predictions agree well with the results obtained from the experiment conducted.
Editorial
Authors: Borges Dulcina Tereza Bonati , Carneiro Maria Elizabeth Ribeiro
Published: March 2023

Nesta edição, em vista das demandas recorrentes, apresentamos um dossiê com trabalhos reunidos sob a temática Mulheres, parto e maternidades. Com nove textos escritos por autoras/es das Ciências da Saúde e das Humanidades, entre elas enfermagem, psicologia, administração, serviço social, o conjunto dos artigos aborda aspectos relevantes do cuidado em relação às mulheres, à saúde reprodutiva, e discutem as práticas e representações do parto e das identidades maternas.
O estigma da infertilidade e as “pressões sociais” que conduzem à reprodução assistida no oeste paranaense
Authors: Heidemann Samuelli Cristine Fernandes , Volpato Elaine Cristina Francisco
Published: March 2023

O artigo reflete sobre como a vida das mulheres é socialmente condicionada para o ideal cultural da maternidade, de modo que muitas das que não se encaixam na condição de mães-esposas, impossibilitadas devido a questões biológicas, recorrem a tratamentos reprodutivos tecnológicos.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Mulheres. Maternidade. Tecnologias Reprodutivas. Imperativo Social.
Mulheres na Política
Authors: Colnago Gabriela Fernandes , Cirne Mariana Barbosa
Published: March 2023

52% dos eleitores são mulheres, mas elas representam apenas 15,3% do Congresso Nacional. A pesquisa analisou 73 projetos de lei federais, de 1997-2021, sobre a representação feminina na política para identificar quem os propõem e, se buscam uma equidade da representação e quais os partidos.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Representação Política. Legislativo federal. Mulheres.
A Novel Bacterial Foraging Optimization Based Multimodal Medical Image Fusion Approach
Authors: Muthulingam Gurusigaamani Ayyanar , Parvathy Velmurugan Subbiah
Published: March 2023

Multimodal medical image fusion (MIF) is the procedure of integrating different images in single into multiple imaging modalities for increasing the image quality by preserving a certain feature. Medical image combination covered a tremendous count of hot topic areas, involving pattern recognition, image processing, artificial intelligence (AI), computer vision (CV), and machine learning (ML). In addition, MIF was more commonly applied in clinical for physicians to understand the lesion by the combination of various modalities of medicinal image. This article introduces a novel bacterial foraging optimization-based multimodal medical image fusion approach (BFO-M3IFA). The presented BFO-M3IFA technique considered two distinct patterns of the images as the input of systems and the outcome will be the fused image. Primarily, the BFO-M3IFA technique exploits Weiner filtering (WF) technique as an image pre-processing step to get rid of the noise. Besides, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) was applied for decomposing the image into distinct subbands. Afterward, the estimated coefficients of modality 1 and comprehensive coefficients of modality 2 are integrated and vice versa. At last, a fusion rule is generated to fuse the details of two image modalities and the optimal fusion rule parameter is chosen with utilize of BFO algorithm. The experimental validation of the BFO-M3IFA system was tested and outcomes ensured the improved performance of the BFO-M3IFA system on existing models.
Gaschromatography Mass Spectrometry GC MS Determination of Bioactive Components from Aervalanata. (L.) Whole Plant
Authors: Arirudran B. , Anbarasu K. , Tamilselvi S. , Gayathri R.
Published: March 2023

Aervalanata L. belongs to the family of Amaranthaceae, found in the tropical regions. Traditionally, this plant is known for antimicrobial, anthelminthic, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, diuretic, nephroprotective, cytotoxic, and antihyperlipidemic activities. As yet no further characteristic study has been conducted from ethanolic extract of this species, therefore in this present study we seek to identify and evaluate the bioactive compounds from the ethanolic extracts of Aervalanata L whole plant by using the GCMS. Result of this research work reports twenty-eight compounds. The identified chemical compounds were correlated with the NIST Mass Spectrum Library.In conclusion, we seek to provide additional information on the clinical significance and pharmacological information associated with this plant.
Monopole Cavity Resonator Antenna with AMC and Superstrate for 5G WiMAX Applications
Authors: Verma Akhilesh , Arya Ravi Kumar , Raghava Srinivasa Nallanthighal
Published: March 2023

For 5G and WiMAX applications, a coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed monopole antenna sandwiched between an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) and a superstrate is investigated. Because traditional planar antennas have low gains, they are unsuitable for a wide range of applications. This paper explores scientific strategies for increasing radiation gain in low-gain antennas such as planar monopoles. We use AMC in conjunction with superstrate to achieve a high gain antenna, with the monopole antenna serving as the primary radiator. However, a superstate like this demands the use of materials with high permittivity, and most of such materials are not readily available on the market. Even if such materials are available, they are mostly expensive and unsuitable for commercial systems. We investigate various superstrates and elaborate on which way these superstrates can be used interchangeably without compromising antenna performance. In the end, we fabricate one of these three superstrates. The antenna, which also employs AMC in tandem with the superstrate, has an impedance bandwidth ranging from 3.2 GHz to 3.75 GHz with 7 dBi gain, so it can be a viable candidate for 5G and WiMAX applications
Design and Performance Analysis of a Switched Reluctance Motor Using Finite Element Analysis and Magnetic Equivalent Circuit Model
Authors: Bhaktha B. Sandesh , Kumawat Satish , Pitchaimani Jeyaraj , Gangadharan K.V.
Published: March 2023

By being magnet-free, and mechanically robust with a longer constant power range, switched reluctance motor (SRM) is gathering much attention as a potential choice to propel electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). This paper comprehensively investigates the performance sensitivity to geometric design variables such as rotor diameter, pole arc angles, and yoke thicknesses for an SRM using static two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetic Finite-Element Analysis (FEA). The reason for the change in static characteristics due to variation in reluctance between SRM designs has not been detailed previously. This is addressed by the magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) model that simplifies the design analysis. Results indicate that stator pole reluctance needs to be given due importance while studying the influence of rotor diameter. Also, it is imperative to set an adequate thickness of the stator and rotor yokes to minimize the effect of saturation on the performance. Rotor diameter and stator pole arc angle have a pronounced influence on the performance while the influence of rotor pole arc angle and yoke thicknesses was relatively less.
Investigation of the Effect of Various Types and Features of Grooved Barrels on the Range of Firearms
Authors: Pihtili Haşim , Yıldırım Ramazan
Published: March 2023

The research has focused on the innovations which can be performed in order to increase the range of cannons and howitzers. The most important parameter affecting the range of a weapon system is the velocity distribution in the barrel and finally the initial muzzle velocity. On the other hand, the most important parameters affecting the initial muzzle velocity of the bullet are the internal barrel pressure, internal barrel friction, mass of the bullet and weight of the bullet. Taking these parameters into consideration, it has been revealed that improvements could be made by designing and manufacturing new types of barrels, ammunition and certain parts. The advantages and disadvantages experienced after such changes have been determined and studied theoretically and experimentally.
Analysis on the Characteristics of Asphalt Concrete Mixture Utilizing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement with Waste Cooking Oil Rejuvinator
Authors: Thanaya, ME., PhD I Nyoman Arya , Ariawan I Made Agus , Wibawa I Putu Chandra
Published: March 2023

One alternative way to reduce the use of natural aggregate and asphalt is the use of recycled materials of old road pavement or Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP). The asphalt within the RAP generally had become stiffer due to ageing, therefore it needs to be mixed with a rejuvenating agent. An alternative organic oil-based refining agent that can be used for rejuvenating rigid asphalt is Waste Cooking Oil (WCO). The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of asphalt mixtures at Optimum Bitumen Content (OBC) and at best WCO content. The asphalt mixture manufacturing method used was Marshall Method. The variation of RAP materials was 25% and 50%, with added aggregate material to meet the ideal mid gradation. For each variation of RAP content, was produced mixtures with variation of of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% (by weight of total asphalt) where for each of those variation of RAP with variations of WCO rejuvinating materials, were made asphalt content variation of 5%; 5.5%; 6%; 6.5%; and 7%, then the OBC was determined. For the mixture with 50% RAP, the OBC was 6.3%, with best result on 8% WCO. On misture with 25% RAP the  OBC was 6.2%, with best result on 4% WCO. The Marshall characteristics met the specifications. The mixture of 50% RAP with 8% WCO has lower stiffness and deformation resistance, however the performance of this mixtre was good enough on fatigue test.
Between Art, Industry and Entrepreneurship: Artistic, Design, and Managerial Activity of Professor Zbigniew Horbowy in 1959–1989
Authors: Popiński Krzysztof
Published: March 2023

Zbigniew Horbowy (1935–2019), a graduate of the Faculty of Glass of the State Higher School of Fine Arts in Wrocław, conducted from the end of the 1950s, throughout the next several decades, exceptionally fruitful and original artistic, academic, design and managerial activities on the intersection of art and industry. His artistic achievements quickly found recognition in the national art circles and in the international arena. At the same time, as the only glass designer in the times of the Polish People’s Republic, he managed to combine artistic and commercial success. The utility glasses designed by him and mass-produced and sold on a mass scale were a symbol of Polish glass in general in the public awareness. He carried out his entrepreneurial activity with amazing efficiency in spite of the conditions of the industry in the People’s Republic of Poland. And this, in principle, was extremely difficult to effectively use innovation or design. As a lecturer at the PWSSP (State Higher School of Fine Arts), then a member of the university’s management and at the same time the head of design units of the leading Lower Silesian glassworks, he played an extremely important role in educating design staff and development directions of Polish industrial design.
Report from the Academic Conference “Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurs and Enterprises: Between Synthesis and Case Study
Authors: Miłosz Jan
Published: March 2023

On September 22–23, 2022, at the Collegium Historicum of the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, an academic conference was held to celebrate the centenary of the Department of Economic History.
Genetic evaluation and germplasm identification analysis on ITS2, trnL-F, and psbA-trnH of alfalfa varieties germplasm resources
Authors: Yong Wang , Chunbo Xu , Laga Tong , Xiaoming Zhang , Mingjiu Wang
Published: March 2023

In this study, genetic diversity and germplasm identification of 28 alfalfa germplasm cultivars materials were evaluated by analyzing their internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), trnL-F, and psbA-trnH sequences to provide the innovative reference of alfalfa varieties genetic diversity and identify research. The results showed that the fragment average length of ITS2, trnL-F, and psbA-trnH sorting sequences were 455.7 bp, 230.3 bp, and 345.6 bp, respectively. The ITS2 sequence was too conservative to reflect the individual differences between intercultivars and intracultivars in the preliminary experiment. Furthermore, trnL-F and psbA-trnH sequence differences were relatively small between intercultivars but significant between intracultivars. Alfalfa cultivars were divided into four groups by sequence similarity clustering. Alfalfa cultivars trnL-F and psbA-trnH sequences have apparent differences, showing that chloroplast conservative sequences were independent evolution. Compared with trnL-F and psbA-trnH sequences of alfalfa cultivars, psbA-trnH sequence has abundant variation sites and can better reflect the differences between cultivars than the trnL-F sequence. Therefore, the psbA-trnH sequence can identify different alfalfa cultivars and establish the DNA sequence fingerprint.
Pre-service teachers’ views on chemistry of fine art materials of cultural heritage
Authors: Potočnik Robert , Devetak Iztok
Published: March 2023

The chemistry and cultural heritage can be integrated in an interdisciplinary way into teaching the Chemistry, from primary to secondary school and university, including learning about the specifics of works of art in the context of their preservation or care. The main purpose of this study is to determine the pre-service Chemistry, Primary school, and Fine art teachers’ views about promoting an interest in the cultural heritage and Chemistry learning through materials of work of art from the chemistry perspective. The study revealed that pre-service teachers do not have sufficient knowledge and experience regarding cultural heritage from the point of view of chemistry (materials and techniques of fine art), and all groups show an interest in the mentioned contents. This integrated and interdisciplinary approach to teach Chemistry and cultural heritage is presented to the pre-service teachers as part of the general elective course that was developed on the basis of this preliminary research about pre-service teachers’ views regarding these topics.
Semi-Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability for an integro-differential equation of order 𝓃
Authors: Inoan Daniela , Marian Daniela
Published: March 2023

The Laplace transform method is applied in this article to study the semi-Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of a Volterra integro-differential equation of order n, with convolution-type kernel. This kind of stability extends the original Hyers-Ulam stability whose study originated in 1940. A general integral equation is formulated first, and then some particular cases (polynomial function and exponential function) for the function from the kernel are considered.
The Politics of Silence: Hannah Arendt and Future Generations’ Fight for the Climate
Authors: Colombo Esmeralda
Published: March 2023

Silence, a political category in democratic theory, has proven starkly unjust toward future generations, who are practically voiceless in intergovernmental fora, a notable feature of the international climate regime. This article first explores the status of future generations’ fight for the climate by articulating the solidarity implications of climate change as a common concern of humankind. Second, the analysis offers a brief overview of the recent constitutionalization trend concerning future generations’ interests in the environment as a meaningful counterweight to the politics of silence. Third, the article discusses climate change litigation as a catalyst of the constitutionalization trend and a proxy for political participation. Throughout the analysis, the article turns to the thought of political theorist Hannah Arendt to illustrate the potential of legally protecting future generations’ role in fighting for a stable climate through post-sovereign constitutionalism. By way of a case study, the analysis argues that in Neubauer et al
v Germany Germany’s Federal Constitutional Court offered practical ways to offset the politics of silence and increase the political space for future freedoms. Conclusively, the article offers a snapshot of open and fluid post-sovereign constitutional institutions and participative practices that could advance freedoms for future generations.
Enriched environment can reverse chronic sleep deprivation-induced damage to cellular plasticity in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus
Authors: Shixing Xue , Xueyan Hou , Yuan Ren , Wei Tang , Wei Wang
Published: March 2023

Objective

We studied whether enriched environment (EE), a classic epigenetics paradigm, can prevent cellular plasticity damage caused by chronic sleep deprivation (SD).

Methods

We performed SD in mice by a modified multi-platform method (MMPM). Mice in the SD group were deprived of sleep for 18 h a day. In addition, half of the mice in the chronic SD group were exposed to EE stimuli for 6 h per day. Immunostaining analyzed neurogenesis and neural progenitor cell-differentiated phenotypes in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) region.

Result

At 13 weeks, compared with the control group, SD severely impaired the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, and EE completely reversed the process. SD can induce gliosis in the mouse hippocampus, and EE can delay the process.

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that chronic SD may damage the neurogenesis in the DG of the hippocampus. However, enrichment stimulation can reverse the processing by promoting neuronal repair related to neuronal plasticity.