bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EKONOMI KREATIF: PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH JELANTAH UNTUK PEMBUATAN LILIN AROMATERAPI
Authors: Wardani Dyah Titis Kusuma , Saptutyningsih Endah , Fitri Suci Alpika
Published: March 2021

Permasalahan yang ditemukan di Dusun Sorowajan, Pedukuhan Glugo, Desa Pangungharjo, Kecamatan Sewon, Kabupaten Bantul adalah adanya potensi limbah rumah tangga desa yang belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik. Hal ini disebabkan kurangnya keterampilan dalam mengelola potensi bahan alami dan limbah rumah tangga desa. Program Kemitraan Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi dengan memanfaatkan potensi bahan alami yaitu sereh, daun jeruk nipis, dan limbah rumah tangga yang dimiliki desa yaitu minyak jelantah sisa penggorengan. Selain itu, program ini juga bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan warga dalam menciptakan ekonomi kreatif dengan memanfaatkan potensi alam di desanya. Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan tim PKM UMY di Dusun Sorowojan menggunakan beberapa pendekatan, yaitu: (1) berbasis kelompok, (2) bersifat komprehensif, dan (3) berbasis pemanfaatan potensi alam lokal. Kegiatan ini menggunakan tiga metode, yaitu (1) metode partisipasi, yaitu tim pengabdian melakukan partisipasi aktif serta melakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pelatihan pembuatan lilin aromaterapi; (2) metode survei, yaitu menyebarkan kuesioner kepada peserta pelatihan sebelum pelaksanaan dan sesudah pelaksanaan, serta survei kepuasan mitra pengabdian dan (3) metode audio-visual, yaitu memanfaatkan video sebagai sarana pelatihan dan sosialisasi kegiatan. Program Kemitraan Masyarakat ini diawali dengan mengadakan pelatihan pembuatan lilin aromaterapi dengan memanfaatkan minyak jelantah yang ada di lingkungan Dusun Sorowajan. Kegiatan ini memberikan manfaat langsung terhadap kehidupan masyarakat di bidang sosial dan ekonomi melalui ekonomi kreatif. Selain itu, kegiatan ini juga meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya masyarakat melalui pemberdayaan ibu-ibu kelompok Dasawisma Lili di Dusun Sorowajan, Desa Panggungharjo. Pelatihan ini membuahkan hasil, yakni mampu meningkatkan keterampilan ibu-ibu di Kelompok Dasawisma Lili Dusun Sorowajan dalam membuat produk lilin aromaterapi. Video tutorial teknik pembuatan lilin aromaterapi yang telah dibuat bisa dinikmati masyarakat umum. Pelatihan ini juga telah meningkatkan keterampilan kelompok Dasawisma tersebut dalam memasarkan produk lilin aromaterapi secara online. Kegiatan Program Kemitraan Masyarakat ini telah disosialisasikan di media massa dan akan dipublikasikan di jurnal nasional. Dengan demikian kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan bagi kelompok masyarakat lain untuk meningkatkan kapasitas masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan potensi desa yang ada dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui ekonomi kreatif.
PEMBERDAYAAN LANSIA DI BIDANG EKONOMI (DUSUN JONGGRANGAN)
Authors: Muhammad Danang Wahyu
Published: March 2021

Dengan meningkatnya Usia Harapan Hidup Warga Dunia termasuk Indonesia, khususnya yogyakarta menjadi urutan pertama usia harapan hidup menurut BPS Indonesia 2018 jumlah lansia yang masih produktif terus bertambah, diperlukan upaya yang serius agar warga lansia bisa berdaya. Pemberdayaan masyarakat lansia bertujuan  agar terjadi perubahan perilaku masyarakat dalam pengembangan ekonomi masyarakat melaui potensi yang dimiliki, Untuk mendorong perekonomian warga Dusun Joggrangan terutama warga senior (lansia) diperlukan adanya terobosan pemberdayaan dibidang ekonomi lansia produktif, melalui peningkatan kualitas produk olahan daun pegagang yang menjadi potensi komoditas potensial daerah dusun jonggrangan.

Di Dusun Joggrangan kelompok lansia telah memproduksi Keripik Pegagang sebagai produk olahan, Produk inilah yang kedepannya akan dijadikan produk unggulan Dusun Jonggrangan, harapan besar kedepannya Keripik pegagang menadi produk khas dan unggulan di Jonggrangan banyak macam tetapi memiliki kuliatas unggul yang merata.Pendamping yang diberikan berupa pelatihan pembutan produk yang inovatif dan sesuai standar mutu BPOM  , berupa packaging yang lebih menarik, Inovasi produk , pelatihan pemasaran dan survey diperlukan untuk menetukan pangsa pasar produk, dan membuat kelompok lansia di Dusun Jonggrangan.

Dengan pendampingan dan penguatan ekonomi lansia dapat menumbuhkan kualitas ekonomi lansia produktif di Dusun Jonggrangan yang sekaligus bisa menjadi contoh lansia produktif untuk daerah lain.
Penyuluhan dan Pelatihan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Febria Nyka Dwi , Arinawati Dian Yosi
Published: March 2021

Minimnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut serta rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat untuk memeriksakan kesehatan gigi menjadi dasar pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dilakukan di masjid Al-Barokah desa Piring dengan peserta adalah Ibu-ibu pengajian. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran kesehatan gigi dan mulut masayarakat. Masa pandemi Covid-19 ini merubah cara pengabdian masyarakat dengan menerapkan protokol yang sesuai. Protokol seperti cek suhu tubuh, pemakaian hand sanitizer dan masker diterapkan dalam kegiatan ini. Pelaksaan penyuluhan dilakukan pada 30 Ibu-ibu pengajian dan dipilih 10 orang dengan beberapa kriteria yang ditetapkan untuk dilakukan penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui tahap pretest, penyuluhan, pelatihan dan posttest yang dilakukan pada tanggal 19 Juli 2020 di desa Piring Srihardono Pundong Bantul yang bertempat di Masjid Al-Barokah. Materi kegiatan pengabdian ini tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Jumlah ibu pengajian berjumlah 75 orang, kemudian dikarenakan pandemi covid-19 maka diambil 30 orang untuk penyuluhan dan 10 orang untuk dilakukan pelatihan. Data diambil melalui kegiatan pretest dan posttest menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang Kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Peserta diharapkan dapat menerapkan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut dalam perilaku kehidupan sehari-hari. Penyuluhan dan pelatihan kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan upaya yang tepat untuk dapat memberikan pengetahuan tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada masayarakat.
LITERASI ETIKA PERGAULAN DAN PENDIDIKAN SEKS
Authors: Ismail Nawari , Samsudin Muh
Published: March 2021

Kegiatan ini berupaya untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan perilaku pergaulan dan pendidikan seks masyarakat. Secara khusus  kegiatan ini bertujuan: (1) peningkatan literasi etika pergaulan di kalangan  perempuan, khususnya ibu-ibu yang telah memiliki anak-anak dan remaja. (2) peningkatan literasi pendidikan seks di kalangan ibu-ibu dan remaja. Metode kegiatan dilakukan denga workshop, penyuluhan, dan sosialisasi melalui banner. Workshop  melibatkan pimpinan lembaga di dusun yaitu kepala dusun, ketua RT dan kader PKK. Penyuluhan ditujukan kepada masyarakat umum dengan menjadikan wakil kader PKK, dan remaja Karang Taruna sebagai fasilitator dan narasumbernya. Sosialisasi berupa banner ditempatkan di lokasi strategis yaitu: rumah ketua RT, gereja, pos ronda, dan papan informasi kampung. Kegiatan ini memberika dampak positif bagi masyarakat Juwono, terkhusus bagi ibu-ibu dan dari kalangan remaja. Sebab hampir separuh ibu-ibu dan remaja berubah menjadi lebih baik lagi dalam beretika dan bertambah pengetahuannya tentang pendidikan seks.
PENINGKATAN KETRAMPILAN PRAMUKA SLEMAN DALAM BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN LAHAN SEMPIT
Authors: Aini Lis Noer , Budiyanto Gunawan
Published: March 2021

Pramuka merupakan organisasi untuk generasi muda yang mendidik para anggotanya dengan berbagai jenis keterampilan, disiplin, kepercayaan pada diri sendiri, saling tolong-menolong, dan lain sebagainya. Salah satu tujuan dari Gerakan Pramuka adalah untuk menggali potensi dan meningkatkan keterampilan generasi muda sehingga menjadi individu yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat dan negara. Pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda Indonesia telah menyebabkan kegiatan kepramukaan terhenti. Hal tersebut menyebabkan pembina pramuka non-ASN juga kehilangan pendapatan. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan keterampilan bagi pembina pramuka non-ASN dalam rangka memanfaatkan lahan sempit untuk budidaya pertanian guna mendapatkan penghasilan. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah penyuluhan, kunjungan lapangan, dan praktik budi daya tanaman, dan budi daya ayam kampung. Penyuluhan diikuti oleh 26 pembina Pramuka dan 4 orang utusan Saka Tarunabumi. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa sebagian pembina Pramuka belum mengetahui cara budidaya tanaman dan ternak di lahan sempit. Setelah kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan, terdapat 6 orang pembina yang melakukan budi daya ayam kampung untuk tahap pembibitan (penyediaan bibit ayam kampung) dan pembesaran ayama kampung dan7 orang melakukan budi daya tanaman pada lahan sempit. Sementara peserta yang lain sedang mempersiapkan untuk melakukan budi daya tanaman dan ternak.
Pencegahan Tindak Kekerasan Terorisme Demi Perdamaian Yang Berkesinambungan (Sebuah Pendekatan Teologi Damai Islami)
Authors: Sardi Martinus
Published: March 2021

Tindak kekerasan terorisme merupakan fakta social yang ada dalam masyarakat kita, dan tiada hentinya menggoyahkan kedamaian masyarakat. Tindak kekerasan itu seharusnya dapat diatasi dengan pendekatan yang islami. Islam sebagai agama yang damai harus menawarkan jalan yang jitu untuk menjawab tantangan jaman itu. Salah satu cara yag dianggap ampuh tidak lain daripada melaksanakan pencegahannya. Dibutuhkan pencegahan tu untuk dilaksanakan terus menerus tiada hentinya miulai dari tingkat yang paling rendah sampai dengan tingkat yang paling tinggi di masyaraat kita, sehingga perdamaian dan suasana damai akan dapat dinikmati dalam hidup di masyarakat.
CEGAH RESISTENSI KUMAN DENGAN PENGKADERAN KELOMPOK PEDULI ANTIBIOTIKA RASIONAL
Authors: Inayati Inayati , Astuti Yoni , Suryani Lilis
Published: March 2021

Infeksi menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat penting terutama di negara berkembang  dan membutuhkan antibiotika untuk pengobatan. Tahun 2010 kematian penyakit infeksi di Indonesia 31,2%. Intensitas penggunaan antibiotik yang relatif tinggi berakibat  resistensi bakteri  terhadap antibiotik dan mempengaruhi morbiditas, mortalitas, ekonomi dan sosial. Hasil penelitian Antimicrobial Resistant in Indonesia , 43% Escherichia coli resisten  berbagai antibiotik.  Edukasi dan informasi  penggunaan antibiotika rasional diperlukan masyarakat untuk menghindari pengunaan antibiotika tidak rasional. Pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan di Desa Ambarketawang, Gamping, Sleman, daerah perkotaan di mana ketersediaan antibiotika cukup mudah diperoleh masyarakat dan kemungkinan ditemukan penggunaaan antibiotik secara tidak rasional dan belum mengetahui akibatnya. Sosialisasi penggunaan antibiotika rasional dan bahaya penggunaan antibiotika tidak rasional diikuti aktif 56 peserta, melakukan focus group discussion  menggali persepsi penggunaan antibiotika rasional diikuti 2 kelompok terdiri 16 orang/kelompok dipandu 2 fasilitator dan 2 transkriptor. Pelatihan pemantauan penggunaan antibiotika rasional dilakukan oleh 3 kelompok yang melakukan survei terhadap 5 – 7 Kepala Keluarga di desa Ambarketawang Gamping Sleman. Rencana tindak lanjut adalah penyusunan Panduan Kerja Kelompok Peduli Penggunaan Antibiotika dan luaran berupa Buku Panduan Penggunaan Antibiotika.
DETEKSI DINI PENYAKIT HIPERTENSI DAN PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT STROKE BAGI JAMAAH PRM MUTIHAN KOTAGEDE
Authors: Febriansah Rifki , Winanta Aji , Wibowo Andy Eko
Published: March 2021

Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia  dengan prevalensi hipertensi yang tinggi. Menurut Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2018, prevalensi hipertensi nasional di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta sebesar 11,01%. Tingginya prevalensi hipertensi beserta komplikasi dengan penyakit penyertanya tersebut di Kodya Yogyakarta, memicu Dinkes Kota DIY untuk menginisiasi suatu program pencegahan dan penanggulangan penyakit kardiovaskuler melalui Program Skrining terhadap Faktor Risiko Kardiovaskuler dan penyuluhan tentang pencegahan penyakit Kardiovaskuler. Mengingat perlunya keterlibatan tenaga kefarmasian/apoteker dalam penanganan hipertensi beserta komplikasinya menyangkut penggunaan dan terapi obatnya, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh intervensi asuhan kefarmasian dalam keefektifan keberhasilan terapi program penanggulangan hipertensi beserta komplikasinya. Diagnosis dari penyakit hipertensi ini biasanya disebabkan karena berdasarkan data-data anamnesis atau berupa riwayat keluarga, faktor risiko dan juga gejala klinis yang dialami oleh penderita, pemeriksaan jasmani, dan terutama pemeriksaan tekanan darah, serta juga pemeriksaan laboratorium dan pemeriksaan penunjang seperti foto dada dan rekam jantung. Gejala penyakit hipertensi darah tinggi untuk menguatkan diagnosis hipertensi salah satunya adalah adanya riwayat penyakit hipertensi pada kedua orang tua, karena hal ini bisa memperbesar dugaan hipertensi primer. Gejala penyakit hipertensi darah tinggi bisa menimbulkan masalah komplikasi dan bisa disertai dengan penyakit yang lainnya. Biasanya penyakit ini muncul dengan bersamaan yang justru bisa memperburuk kerusakan suatu organ. Komplikasi yang terjadi salah satunya adalah penyakit jantung koroner. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan penyuluhan tentang Cara Deteksi dan Pengobatan Hipertensi dan pencegahan stroke dengan Obat Herbal bekerjasama dengan PRM Mutihan Kotagede. Dari hasil pengabdian diketahui bahwa masih banyak masyarakat yang belum mengetahui terkait tanda dan gejala penyakit stroke dan beberapa warga diketahui mempunyai potensi tinggi mengalami kejadian stroke. Hal ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terkait penyakit stroke dan memahami cara pencegahan dari penyakit tersebut.
Analysis of incidence of caesarean sections in primigravida
Authors: Joshi Suyujna D. , Rai Rajeshwari , Banu Ruksar , G. Jayasakthi
Published: March 2021

Background: Current study was conducted to determine the incidence of caesarean sections in primigravida.Methods: A total number of 1698 primigravidas were admitted in the department of DNB district hospital Ballari, out of which 501 primigravidas who underwent caesarean section were included in the study.Results: Caesarean section rate in primigravida was observed to be 29.5%, 55% of women were from rural areas and 45% from urban areas, 69.9% women belonged to lower class 31.1% belonged to upper middle class, 25% were illiterate while 75% were literate.Conclusions: Meta-analysis suggests that the occurrence of pregnancy complications differ according to fetal sex with a higher cardiovascular and metabolic load for the mother in the presence of a male fetus.
Potential screening strategies for early prediction of pre-eclampsia
Authors: K. Hymavathi , Davuluru Sandhya Rani , Shaik Sameera , Kaviti Sahithi
Published: March 2021

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different biochemical and biophysical markers in the early weeks of gestation as screening tools for early prediction of preeclampsia.Methods: This hospital-based prospective observational study conducted on 52 pregnant women, at less than 13 weeks of gestation were recruited. Maternal serum inhibin A and USG uterine artery PI levels were analyzed among the pregnant women who subsequently developed PE and compare with those who did not develop PE. Methods used for the detection of markers were: chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) for serum inhibin A levels, and uterine artery Doppler velocimetry was done by PHILIPS HD11XE transabdominal ultrasound machine using a 4-6 MHz probe with the same sonographer.Results: The present study revealed a significant rise of inhibin A in preeclamptic women when compared to normotensive women (p<0.0001). The mean levels of 1st and 2nd trimester uterine artery PI significantly high in women who subsequently developed PE when compared to those who did not develop preeclampsia (p<0.0001). Study results showed a strong association between gestational age at delivery and neonatal outcome (neonatal birth weight and APGAR) with preeclampsia. The maternal serum inhibin A, and uterine artery PI found to have good sensitivity and specificity for early prediction of PE.Conclusions: Study concluded that the women who are prone to develop PE subsequently, had high levels of MAP, UAPI, inhibin A. In our setting, MAP, UAPI, inhibin A, appeared to be better screening modalities. Combination of the biochemical markers with the biophysical markers, demographic characteristics, and other novel markers will establish the effective screening models for early prediction of PE. Early identification of high-risk cases will offer an opportunity for prophylactic therapy, such as Low- dose Aspirin in selected groups of high-risk women screened in the first trimester, thus improving the maternal and perinatal outcome.
Study of incidence of urinary tract infection during pregnancy and its effect on maternal and perinatal outcome
Authors: Mahor Suman , Malviya Ritika , Goyal Ritu
Published: March 2021

Background: Urinary tract infection is the commonest bacterial infection in pregnancy, especially in developing countries like India. It has several adverse outcomes not only in the mother but also in the fetus. This study aims to determine the incidence of UTI during pregnancy, the commonest micro-organism causing UTI, and to find out the impact of such infection on maternal and fetal outcomes.Methods: This observational study was carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology Deen Dayal Upadhyay Hospital, New Delhi over a period of 10 months. A total of 196 pregnant women attending the outdoor hospital for ANC check-up without any medical disorder or previous adverse pregnancy outcomes were included in this study. Urine routine microscopy was done as a screening test for UTI. They were followed through their pregnancy and puerperium due to any pregnancy complication and perinatal outcome.Results: Incidence of urinary tract infection was 12.2%, of which 8.2% were asymptomatic and 4.08% were symptomatic. It was found that the incidence of UTI was highest in the age group of 18 to 25 years and also found that UTI was more common in the second (16.7%) and third (16.7%) trimester and lowest in the first trimester (5.7%). Women who had anaemia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, preterm labour, chorioamnionitis, perinatal mortality, and puerperal pyrexia had a high incidence of UTI than those who had not.Conclusions: From this study, we concluded that screening for UTI should be a part of routine antenatal care, and also there is a need to initiate an awareness program to educate women about UTI and their adverse fetomaternal outcome so that prompt and effective treatment can be done.
Study of fetomaternal outcomes in antepartum haemorrhage at tertiary care centre
Authors: Ghanchibhai Faaizah Husain , Goyal Sharda , Sharma Nalini , Pargee Ankita
Published: March 2021

Background: Antepartum haemorrhage (APH) is a challenge to obstetrician as it involves a question of life and death to mother and fetus. Antepartum hemorrhage is the 2nd most common cause of maternal mortality and morbidity as sepsis and obstructed labour has decreased now. The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of APH. And to study foeto-maternal outcomes in patients with antepartum haemorrhage, association of comorbidities and risk factors.Methods: This study was conducted at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur after obtaining approval from institutional research ethical board and written informed consent during the period of February 2019 to July 2020. This was prospective observational study, sample size was 60 patients. All the APH patients who were admitted at GMCH Obstetrics and Gynaecology department after 28 weeks of gestation were included in study. Extrauterine or bleeding due to general pathology was excluded. Total number of delivery were 1900 in above duration and number of APH patients were 60, so our incidence is 3.1%.Results: Total number of delivery were 1900 in above duration and number of APH patients were 60, so our incidence is 3.1%. According to maternal complications rate, It was 66.66 % in abruptio placenta, 37.03 % in placenta previa and jointly 53.33%. In placenta previa group 100% patients discharged with good GC, In abruptio placenta group 96.96% patients discharged with good GC and 3.04% patients discharged with poor GC. Perinatal mortality was zero in placenta previa group and in abruptio placenta, it was 27.27% (24.24% IUD, 3.03% neonatal death).Conclusions: The main cause of APH was abruption which was seen in 33 (55%) of patients and placenta previa was seen in 27 (45%) of patients. Maternal and neonatal complications, both were very high in abruption group as compared to placenta previa group. Overall maternal mortality rate was 53.33% and perinatal mortality rate was zero in placenta previa group while in abruption placenta group, it was 27.27%. There was no maternal complications in booked placenta previa cases only there were very few complications in emergency cases. In abruptio placenta group also complications were more in emergency cases, irregular booked and uncontrolled pregnancy pathology cases.
Meconium-stained liquor and its impact on maternal and neonatal outcome
Authors: Kashikar Shweta , Kotpalliwar Monika K. , Uttarwar Pooja R.
Published: March 2021

Background: Meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) is predictor of adverse fetal outcomes. However, all fetuses with meconium passage do not have an adverse outcome and it is important to distinguish those who develop fetal distress promptly to prevent and intervene the sequalae accordingly. Hence this study was undertaken to study the grades of meconium stained liquor and its effect on intrapartum management and relation with maternal and neonatal outcome.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on term pregnancy patients. Firstly, the detailed case history and examination was performed. When membranes ruptured the colour of liquor was noted. Fetal monitoring by cardiotocography (CTG) was done continuously throughout labour. The mode of delivery, cord pH and base excess were noted. After the delivery Apgar score and weight of the baby, need for resuscitation, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions and neonatal complications were noted.Results: Of the 3117 deliveries conducted during the study period, 321 cases (10.29%) had meconium stained liquor out of whom, 183 women (57%) were with thin meconium and 138 (43%) had thick meconium. There was no risk factor identified in the majority of women. The CTG was reactive in most women with thin meconium (71.5%). There was a significantly higher incidence of pathological CTG’s in women with thick meconium (36.3%) (p value = 0.001). There was no significant difference in birth weight Apgar scores, cord pH, base excess in both the groups and rate of NICU admission.Conclusions: Maximum patients with thin meconium and reactive CTG included in our study delivered normally with good neonatal outcome. However presence of thick meconium in addition to other factors such as fetal heart rate alterations should be viewed seriously as it may pose a potential danger for the baby.
Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma: an incidental finding in laparotomy for tubo-ovarian mass in woman aged 35 years
Authors: Kumari Rinku , Sharma Mamta
Published: March 2021

Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) is a precursor lesion for high-grade pelvic serous carcinoma. The incidence of STIC is estimated to occur in 0.6% to 6% of women who are BRCA positive or have a strong family history of breast or ovarian cancer. We report a rare case of serous tubal Intraepithelial carcinoma in young woman undergoing laparotomy for tubo-ovarian mass who diagnosed STIC on histopathological examination of specimen. Women diagnosed incidentally at surgery for benign condition should be considered for repeat surgical staging. Etiology and management are similar to epithelial ovarian cancer but stage at diagnosis, lymphatic spread and overall survival appear to be different.
A rare association of uterine leiomyoma with mesenteric vein thrombosis and bowel gangrene: case report
Authors: Rawat Rajneesh , Gedam Manik , Baghel Jyoti , Baghel Shalini
Published: March 2021

Uterine fibroids are the most common benign pelvic tumors in women. There are many complications reported with fibroids. However, mesenteric vein thrombosis and small bowel gangrene caused by a uterine fibroid are rare. This manuscript reports a rare case of 40 year female with a large uterine fibroid associated with mesenteric vein thrombosis and bowel ischemia. She underwent exploratory laparotomy in which resection of gangrenous bowel including jejunum and ileum was done along with left sided jejunostomy and right sided ileostomy. Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingooophorectomy was done followed by jejunoileal anastomosis 6 weeks later. Hence, in patients presenting with acute abdomen and uterine fibroids, bowel gangrene must be included in the differential diagnosis.
Fetus papyraceus: a rare case report
Authors: Neelima Nalam , Gopalan Ushadevi
Published: March 2021

Fetus papyraceus occurs in multiple pregnancy, more common in monochorionic twin as compared to dichorionic twin. We report a case of 30-year-old gravida two para one living one, previous caesarean section, booked and immunized at private hospital was admitted with labour pains and underwent emergency caesarean section and on examination of placenta found an incidental finding of fetus papyraceus.
Hyponatremia in hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease; aetiology, treatment, and outcome, in a tertiary care hospital, Dubai, UAE
Authors: Alalawi Fakhriya , Seddik Ayman Aly , Yousif Hussain , Railey Mohammad , Alhadari Amna
Published: March 2021

Background: Hyponatremia is common among hospitalized patients. Unfortunately, articles describing the management of profound hyponatremia (serum sodium <125 mEq/l) in the background of kidney disease are scarce. This review focuses on the incidence, prevalence, patient characteristics, and clinical features among hospitalized chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with particular attention to CKD stage 3 to 5.Methods: 71 adult patients with CKD stage 3 to 5 and had presented with profound hyponatremia (serum sodium <125 mEq/l) were included. Patient demographic data, laboratory parameters and treatment received were recorded. The primary endpoint was the development of central nervous syste (CNS) manifestations, while the secondary outcomes included early mortality (death within 30 days).Results: 97 episodes of hyponatremia were recorded in 71 patients. 35 patients (49%) were UAE national and 53.5% patients were females. 52% were in CKD stage-5 refusing dialysis. Diabetic nephropathy was the underlying cause in 66%. The initial Sodium level upon admission ranged from 107-125 mEq/l, with a mean±standard deviation (SD) value of 117.7±4.54 mEq/l. The correction of hyponatremia had ranged between 24 hours in 60% of the patients to 96 hours. Diuretics were used in conjunction with the saline in 85%. Hospital stay ranged between 2-58 days (average 11.7 days). No CNS symptoms were recorded in any of the treated patients. Three patients had died (within 30 days) of sepsis of different sources.Conclusions: Management of hyponatremia in CKD patients remains challenging and should be directed to the underlying cause. Yet, complex patients with advanced CKD particularly in concurrence with heart failure might represent a medical dilemma. Administering hypertonic saline in different mixed concentrations depending on the volume status of the patients appear to be safe, efficient, and suitable for high-risk CKD patients while monitoring Sodium level carefully.
Comparative assessment of severity and prognosis of acute pancreatitis through APACHE II and HAPS predictor models
Authors: Alam Maboob , Agrawal Priyanka , Singh Rohit K. , Singh Krishna K. , Pratap Dhirendra
Published: March 2021

Background: Acute pancreatitis is one of the leading causes of hospitalization amongst all gastrointestinal disorders with high burden of morbidity and mortality. Predicting the progression of AP in terms of course and outcome to determine suitable management strategy and level of care is challenging. A number of predictor models are developed to predict the severity of acute pancreatitis but they vary in their definitions of severity. HAPS have been proposed as a simple scoring tool for assessment of severity and prognosis of acute pancreatitis. Thus, the aim of present study was to investigate the usefulness of HAPS predictor model against APACHE II model.Methods: Current investigation was a hospital based prospective study conducted on 80 proven cases of acute pancreatitis at K. K. hospital, Uttar Pradesh. The serum amylase and lipase levels of all enrolled patients, were tested and measured at admission, and at 48 and 72 hours post admission. The pancreatitis-specific clinical investigations like; HAPS, APACHE II were calculated and assessed statistically in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy.Results: The findings of present investigation revealed that amongst the two scoring systems, APACHE II was superior predictor model in terms of sensitivity and specificity for various outcomes like severe acute pancreatitis, hospital stay >7 days and in-hospital mortality. However, HAPS exhibited high specificity for all the outcomes.Conclusions: HAPS can be recommended as a useful tool for early evaluation of acute pancreatitis in patients specifically in primary care settings of developing countries like India.
Diabetes changes the outcome of tuberculosis?
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Sarda Mukund Shyam , Bajaj Ankit Dilip , Pujara Ruchi Hitesh , Mehra Darshan
Published: March 2021

Background: Diabetes has become a global epidemic affecting children, adolescents, and adults. It is recognized as a group of heterogeneous disorders with the common elements of hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance, due to insulin deficiency, impaired effectiveness of insulin action, or both. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is classified on the basis of etiology and clinical presentation of the disorder into four types: type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, and other specific types. Failures, deaths, relapse rates and favorable outcomes (cured/treatment completed) were comparable in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients with or without DM. It is also documented that in well-controlled diabetes the course of pulmonary tuberculosis is not different from that in patients without diabetes.Methods: Diabetic patients visiting the outpatient department/diabetic clinic of our facility were enrolled after taking written informed consent. The data on socio-demographic and diabetic parameters and examination findings were recorded on proforma as attached.Results: X-ray findings at start of treatment showed that proportion of patient of group I was higher than group II in left site (26.00% versus 8.00%) and proportion of patient of group II was higher than group I in right site (58.00% versus 48.00%) and bilateral (34.00% versus 26.00%), though left side was affected in higher proportion of group I patients as compared to group II but this difference was not found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Our study concluded that even though the state in which patient presented that is diabetic or non-diabetic the outcome of treatment didn’t change but the earlier one was more associated with complications and also the healing took more time in patients with diabetes.
Knowledge and practices regarding pesticide application and handling among farmers in selected community areas of Uttarakhand
Authors: Kumar Atul , Pugazhendi Sanchita , Kumar Chandan , Davidson John , Rawat Jyoti
Published: March 2021

Background: In South Asia region, India is the biggest country manufacturing pesticides for agricultural production and ranks10th in world where farmers use pesticides in agricultural area. In India, farmers have less knowledge regarding pesticide application and very rarely they get opportunity to attend formal training program regarding handling of hazardous pesticides. In developing countries, farmers have unsafe pesticide application and handling practices due to which pesticide poisoning has a major health problems among famers. Indian farmers who practice unsafe use of pesticides also experience different health problems. Hence there is a necessity to find out knowledge and practices of farmers while handling dangerous pesticides in day to day life.Methods: A quantitative research approach and cross sectional survey design was used in present study. Total of 302 farmers residing in rural area of Doiwala block were selected by using purposive sampling technique. Ethical permission was obtained from institutional ethical committee and informed consent was taken from study participants. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 125 (41.5%) farmers were using pesticide two times in a year and 180(59.8%) farmers used it for protection of crops. It was expressed by 223 (73.8%) farmers that they read the labels on the pesticide containers before using it but only 182(60.3%) farmers followed the instructions on the label.Conclusions: Farmers did not have adequate knowledge about frequency and reasons of using pesticide in farming. Majority of the farmers did not have adequate knowledge and practices regarding use of pesticide in agricultural area.
Guillain-Barré syndrome: a rare association of COVID-19 pneumonia at presentation
Authors: Mahur Hemant , Mathur Kartikeya , Singh D. P. , Chahar Umesh , S. Darshan R. , S. Shivakanth M.
Published: March 2021

COVID-19 is a global pandemic which has varied array of symptoms. A neurotropic presentation has also been described of which the most common is stroke. In this brief communication we report a case of COVID-19 who presented to our hospital with features suggestive of Guillain-Barré syndrome. A 76 year old male presented with chief complains of weakness in both lower limbs. On detailed examination the patient had LMN type quadriparesis without sensory involvement. Diagnosis of GBS was confirmed by CSF and NCV studies and other cases of quadriparesis were ruled out by appropriate investigations and treatment of the same was started. Respiratory examination revealed bilateral basal crepitations and CXR revealed B/L lower zone haziness so a secondary diagnosis of B/L Atypical Pneumonitis suspected COVID-19 was kept. A COVID-19 RTPCR turned out to be negative initially. However, looking at respiratory signs and symptoms along with increase in inflammatory markers a repeat COVID RTPCR was planned which turned out to be positive. Patient was further managed on the line of COVID-19 pneumonitis. He responded well to the treatment and is now asymptomatic on follow up. Nervous system involvement in COVID-19 may have been grossly underestimated. Over the course of this pandemic, an increasing number of COVID-19 patients are being reported with neurological complications. Physicians should be aware of atypical presentation where patient complained of weakness first and had respiratory symptoms later as in our case where early detection of atypical presentations help in better management.
Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome, Cytomegalovirus enteritis with viremia and recurrent gram-negative sepsis in a patient with recurrent thymoma: a case report
Authors: Narasimhan Rama , Alex Neetu Mariam , Machiraju Phani , Shankar Meera
Published: March 2021

Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode which is endemic in tropical and subtropical countries.  It may cause asymptomatic infections, mild eosinophilia or hyperinfection syndrome in the most severe form. We are reporting a case of Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome in an immunosuppressed patient with recurrent thymoma and myasthenic crisis. This patient is a 51-year-old man with myasthenia gravis on long term pyridostigmine and prednisolone and mycophenolate. He presented with copious diarrhoea and was in septic shock. His blood and urine cultures grew Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (OGD scopy) and biopsy showed severe active duodenitis with strongyloidiasis and moderate active antral gastritis with strongyloidiasis. He was diagnosed to have Strongyloides hyperinfection and was treated with oral Ivermectin. He recovered well. He was subsequently diagnosed to have CMV enteritis with viraemia and was treated with intravenous Ganciclovir. Our case emphasizes the association of Strongyloides hyperinfection with superimposed CMV infection and gram-negative sepsis due to prolonged immunosuppression and autoimmunity in Thymoma patients. Recurrent thymoma and high-grade infiltrative thymoma often poses difficulty in the management of myasthenia patients. A high index of suspicion and aggressive treatment is paramount in approaching a patient with multiple risk factors of hyperinfection syndrome and autoimmunity. This case is reported in view of its rarity and significance regarding the multidisciplinary approach in decreasing morbidity and mortality in hyperinfection syndrome with an autoimmune background.
A rare case of hypertrophic lichen planus caused by ingestion of ink
Authors: James Varghese , Vellore Mridula
Published: March 2021

Lichen planus is a papulosquamous disorder that affects the skin as well as mucous membrane. It is classified into different variants according to the location and morphology. Hypertrophic lichen planus is one of the clinical variants. Here we have described a case of four-year-old boy with unusual presentation of hypertrophic lichen planus caused by chewing refill of ballpoint pen.
A new self-made electric hook for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair
Authors: Lin Hongfu , Zhao Yu , Wang KunSong , Huang Caixing , Li Zihua , Yang Lishuo
Published: March 2021

Background: Current investigation was conducted to explore the clinical application of self-made electric hook in laparoscopic indirect inguinal hernia repair.Methods: Randomized controlled trial was conducted that compared two groups of patients who underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair from 2013 to 2017 at our institution. A laparoscopic indirect inguinal hernia repair with beak-like electrocoagulation instrument as modified trans-abdominal preperitoneal prosthesis was performed on 42 patients. As a comparison, 40 patients with traditional TAPP were collected and analyzed. In the end, we compared the operation time, blood loss, complications, and recurrence of two groups.Results: 82 patients have successfully completed surgery without conversion to open inguinal hernia repair. Patients were follow-up visited for 18 to 78 months, and no recurrence was found. 1 case of scrotal edema occurred using a self-made electric hook in modified TAPP, and cured by conservative treatment. In traditional TAPP group, there was 1 case of postoperative seroma, which cured by conservative treatment. There was no significant difference between these 2 groups in terms of complications and recurrence (p>0. 05). However, the differences in operation time and blood loss were significant (p<0. 05).Conclusions: Self-made electrical hook showed in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair of indirect inguinal hernia has the advantages of shortening operation time, reducing bleeding, easing the difficulty of operation, and improving the safety of surgery, it is worthy of further clinical application.
Evaluation of intra-abdominal adhesion formation after laparoscopic ventral hernia repair with composite mesh using abdominal ultrasound: a prospective observational study
Authors: Arora Jainendra K. , Sankal Manjunatha , Ghasi Rohini Gupta , Thakur Radhika
Published: March 2021

Background: Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair has revolutionized treatment of ventral hernia by offering shorter recovery time, decreased pain, reduced wound complications and lower recurrence rates as compared to conventional open hernia repair. But intra-abdominal mesh placement is associated with a high risk of complications including adhesions, bowel obstruction and fistula formation. Many different types of meshes with adhesion barriers have been developed to overcome these problems. This prospective observational study evaluated the outcomes of laparoscopic repair of ventral hernias in terms of Intra-abdominal adhesion formation with composite mesh using ultrasound.Methods: The study was conducted from August 2017 to February 2019. All patients underwent standard laparoscopic ventral hernias repair using composite mesh secured with tackers. Omentum was interposed between the mesh and underlying bowel. At a mean follow-up of one year, all patients were subjected to ultrasound examination using visceral slide technique to detect Intra-abdominal adhesions.Results: Our study included 50 patients with a mean age of 43 years (range 26-59 years) and mean body mass index of 29.07±2.35 kg/m2 (range, 24-33 kg/m2). Mean fascial defect size of hernia was 13.4±3.77 cm2 (range12-16 cm2). There were no mesh-related complications and recurrence during the follow-up period of 1 year.Conclusions: Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair using composite mesh seems to be a promising technique for treating ventral hernias. However, longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm effectiveness and safety of the composite mesh.
Comparative study in treatment of haemangioma with oral propranolol and combination effect of oral propranolol and topical timolol solution
Authors: Laddha Ashok , Lahoti Brijesh Kumar , More Pavankumar , Sharma Shashi Shankar , Tiwari Pooja , Kakoriya Harshita , Baghel Shashank Singh , Shukla Ram Mohan
Published: March 2021

Background: Haemangioma of infancy usually regresses on its own but recently there has been trend of use of beta blockers like propranolol. Here we assess the improvement in efficacy of combination of propranolol with timolol in decreasing lesion size and colour change. And assess whether the combination decreases the duration of the treatment.Methods: Total of 40 patients were included in our study with surface haemangioma under 12 years. Divided in to two groups of 20 each oral propranolol and timolol and propranolol only, treated for 6 months and were assessed by monthly measurements of lesion dimensions using measuring tape, USG and colour changes noted by clinical photographs on monthly basis. VAS scale was used to grade the improvements. Comparisons were made between the groups with statistical analysis.Results: VAS grade comparisons were insignificant p>0.05. Mean treatment duration was 4.65±2.601 months for Propranolol with timolol group and 5.50±3.171 months for propranolol only group. Statistically significant outcomes between 2 groups were noted in the depth category and total volume reduction of the lesion with p=0.019 and 0.033 respectively, in the subset of 0-12 months only with p=0.038.Conclusions: Clinically there is Volumetric reduction in terms depth reduction and a decrease in duration of treatment. Propranolol 2-3 mg/kg and Timolol solution of 0.5% applied thrice over the lesion was well tolerated without any serious adverse events. The combination therapy fails to demonstrate a statistically approvable shorter period of treatment as well as better efficacy when compared to oral propranolol alone.
Efficacy and risk factor assessment of outcomes of self-expanding metal stents deployed in advanced oesophageal cancer: a case series of 69 patients from a tertiary referral centre of South India
Authors: Siddiraju Venkata Kapil Kishore , K. V. Ashok Kumar , N. S. Nagesh
Published: March 2021

Background: In India, Oesophageal cancer ranks as the 6th most common cause of cancer-related deaths. SCC is the most common histology with middle and lower third of the oesophagus as most common location. Often, it is diagnosed in elderly individuals with multiple comorbidities, and at an advanced stage with malignant strictures, where SEMS is treatment of choice. The current retrospective study aims to evaluate efficacy and the risk factor assessment of outcomes of SEMS deployment in patients with advanced oesophageal cancer.Methods: All consecutive patients referred to Department of SGE and LT of BMCRI, with advanced oesophageal cancer from March 2012 to October 2019 were studied. Patients details viz. demography, dysphagia grade, stricture details and SEMS related adverse events and 30-day, 90-day and long-term mortality data was charted and significance of these study parameters along with survival analysis was carried out by using relevant statistical tools.Results: Of the 69 patients, SCC in mid-oesophagus was the most common presentation. 36 patients (52.2%) received prior CRT, TEF (n=11) and distant metastasis (n=7). SEMS intention was palliation in all patients. Overall procedural success using 'Endoscopy alone' was achieved in all 69 patients (100%). Post SEMS period uneventful (n=36), transient haemorrhage (n=5) patients, aspiration (n=11), tumour overgrowth and ingrowth (n=11), SEMS on SEMS (n=5), double SEMS for TEF (n=2). Significant adverse events necessitating reinterventions were seen in 17 patients (24.5%). Kaplan-Meier graph showed lower survival in patients with metastasis and TEF and no statistical difference in-terms of adverse events was noted based on fully covered versus partially covered SEMS.Conclusions: SEMS aids in early resumption of oral feeds and the outcomes of fully covered and partially covered SEMS are comparable in a palliative setting.
Effectiveness of clinical abdominal scoring system in the management of patients with blunt trauma abdomen
Authors: Kumar Dharmendra , K. Mohan Kumar
Published: March 2021

Background: Abdominal injury being the most common cause of mortality and morbidity, its incidence comes after extremities and head injury. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce mortality by upto 50%. The common causes for blunt trauma abdomen include motor vehicle crashes, direct trauma and fall from heights. Objectives of the current investigation were to score the patients with BTA with clinical abdominal scoring system and to compare the score of CASS with USG/CT abdomen and pelvis findings in patients of BTA. Methods: All patients who are suspected to have BTA were scored using CASS and radiological investigations were done in the ED. The decision to proceed with the surgery would be done if the patient had CASS >12 and/or if the radiological investigation shows features of BTA like air under diaphragm or grade IV/V solid organ injury.Results: Males accounts for 81% of cases and the rest being females. Most common mode of injury was found to be RTA. Most common injured organs are spleen >liver >small intestine (ileum). The CASS has specificity of 84.62%, sensitivity of 99.2%, PPV 33.3%, NPV 100%. Total mortality in the study was 7.1%Conclusions: Patients with CASS of <8 can be managed conservatively. Patient with score >12 or hemodynamically unstable can be taken up for emergency laparotomy without any delay. Patients with CASS between 9 and 11, with good clinical assessment aided with radiological investigations can be managed depending upon the severity of the injury.