bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of exposure to opioids in pregnancy on offspring developmental outcomes in the preschool years: an umbrella review
Authors: Robertson Senga , Hughes Thomas , Boardman James , McFadden Alison , Whittaker Anne , Marryat Louise
Published: January 2025

Background

Early child development sets the course for optimal outcomes across life. Increasing numbers of children worldwide are exposed to opioids in pregnancy and frequently live in environments associated with adverse developmental outcomes. Although multiple systematic reviews have been published in this area, they use different exposures and different types of outcomes. This umbrella review aims to bring together these systematic reviews to provide a comprehensive overview of the evidence around the association between prenatal opioid exposure and preschool developmental outcomes.

Methods

PubMed, MedLine, PsycInfo and Google Scholar were searched up to July 2024. Eligible studies were systematic reviews, meta-analyses or scoping reviews exploring prenatal opioid exposure (illicit opioids and prescribed treatments for opioid dependence) and developmental outcomes up to age 5. Reviews were screened by two authors. Quality assessment was undertaken using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for umbrella reviews. Degree of overlap was examined. Due to heterogeneity within the sample, no meta-analyses were undertaken and results were synthesised narratively.

Results

11 reviews were included containing 478 individual papers. The overlap was slight (corrected cover area=5%). Developmental outcomes associated with prenatal opioid exposure included visual function, motor skills, externalising problems and language difficulties. No conclusive evidence was available for cognitive development or internalising symptoms. In cognitive, and motor, skills, findings differed by age, with later preschool findings being weaker. Authors frequently highlighted issues with poor quality research in the original studies, including small sample sizes and lack of controlling for confounding.

Conclusions

Multiple areas of child development were associated with prenatal opioid exposure; however, evidence was weak. Robust research, with larger sample sizes and adequate accounting for confounding, is needed to provide accurate information for women of childbearing age and practitioners to guide policy and ensure that appropriate funding, support and follow-up are in place.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022307992.
Postmarketing safety evaluation of belimumab: a pharmacovigilance analysis
Authors: Li Huqun , Xie Wenlong , Wang Chongshu , Guo Cuilian
Published: January 2025

Objective

The present study aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the postmarketing safety of belimumab based on the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Methods

Adverse event (AE) reports in the FAERS database from January 2021 to December 2023 were extracted to perform the disproportionality analysis by calculating the reporting OR. The clinical characteristics and onset times of AEs were investigated. The differences across ages and regions in belimumab-related AEs were also explored.

Results

A total of 4 974 201 AE reports were retrieved from the FAERS database, among which 9782 reports were related to belimumab. 485 positive safety signals related to belimumab were identified. In addition to the labelled AEs, such as depression and infections, new unexpected AEs, including product dose omission issue and inappropriate schedule of product administration, were identified. The median onset time of belimumab-related AEs was 75 days. Moreover, our analysis revealed frequently reported AEs in paediatric patients, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, and in adult patients, such as injection site pain. Additionally, AEs such as drug ineffective were commonly reported in patients of North America, Asia and Europe, while AEs, including an inappropriate schedule of product administration, had a high incidence in patients of South America.

Conclusion

The current study provides a valuable evaluation of the postmarketing safety of belimumab. Further studies are required to validate and confirm these findings. Clinicians should be vigilant regarding these potential AEs and pay more attention to the proper dosage regimen of belimumab in clinical practice.
PACMHCI, V9, N1, January 2025 Editorial
Authors: Menendez-Blanco Maria , Wohn Donghee Yvette , Tixier Matthieu
Published: January 2025

It is our great pleasure to introduce this issue of the Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, which focuses on contributions from the research community on Supporting Group Work (GROUP). This thriving community is home to researchers within CSCW, HCI for practice-centered computing, sociotechnical studies, and interdisciplinary groups who provide theoretical, methodological, and/or conceptual contributions on collaborative technologies and practices. GROUP's research community vividly raises the awareness of dimensions of growing importance in our highly connected lives. The idea of caring through and with technology continues to be a rich and dynamic area for research, pointing to important challenges for elderly persons, parenting, and health. The increased availability of AI-based systems leads to the development of new practices that pose increasing issues for design and regulation. The domain of social media is especially concerned with fast-evolving practices and issues that raised major interest in our community. These aspects are also approached through design fiction as a way of futures-making. Workplace and hybrid work settings show also a central area where cooperation and teams are impacted. The research papers gathered in this issue account that we live in an unprecedentedly connected world, calling for more ethical reflections about the possibilities and caveats of digital technologies. The editorial board worked hard to organize this second submission round. The call for papers for this issue on GROUP attracted a total of 109 submissions from all over the world, of which 37 papers (34%) were accepted. This issue results from the dedicated volunteer effort of 36 members of the community who served as Associate Chairs (ACs) and 87 reviewers. They all lent their expertise and time to ensure high quality reviews and provide insightful feedback to all authors. The Editorial Board can be found on GROUP's track page. As Track Chairs, we are grateful for the community's collective efforts to continue shaping and sharing GROUP's contributions.
Bridging Distances through Virtual Cook-Along Sessions: Exploring the Design Space of Collaborative Remote Cooking Experiences
Authors: Weber Philip , Costa Lucas Andrade da , Ludwig Thomas
Published: January 2025

Virtual co-cooking gained visibility during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the increasing use of communication technology for social activities. However, available videoconferencing platforms are not well designed to support virtual co-cooking. Therefore, we explored this practice and the underlying design space and derived guidelines for current videoconferencing interfaces to better meet virtual cook-along enthusiasts' needs. For this, we first observed three remote cook-along sessions and then conducted semi-structured interviews, resulting in 12 requirements and 4 requirements themes culminating in 20 features divided into four dimensions: planning, enabling, co-presence, and food interaction. In the second phase, each feature was evaluated by 14 participants using the Kano questionnaire, followed by structured interviews. This resulted in six design implications related to automation, hands-free interactions, privacy, preserving memories, eliminating stress, and encouraging conjoint activities. This research provides insights and perspectives on the evolving landscape of technology-mediated social interactions and collaborative practices, and how to design for them.
Countering Misinformation in Private Messaging Groups: Insights From a Fact-checking Chatbot
Authors: Lee Tuan-He , Fussell Susan R.
Published: January 2025

Misinformation on private messaging platforms like WhatsApp and LINE is a global concern. However, research has primarily focused on combating misinformation on public social media. Misinformation in private messaging platforms is difficult to challenge due to social norms, interpersonal relationships, and technological affordances. This study investigates Auntie Meiyu, a fact-checking chatbot integrated into LINE, a popular private messaging service in Taiwan. We interviewed 27 users who adopted Auntie Meiyu in their messaging groups to understand their motivations and perceptions of the chatbot, and to assess its influence on interpersonal interactions. Participants indicated that they primarily adopted the chatbot to protect close family members from misleading news. Nevertheless, they experienced mixed feelings due to the chatbot's robotic style and errors in detecting misinformation. We conclude that conversational agents present a promising approach for tackling misinformation, particularly when conversational participants disagree, and offer design recommendations for leveraging AI-enabled conversational agents in countering misinformation.
"My Very Subjective Human Interpretation": Domain Expert Perspectives on Navigating the Text Analysis Loop for Topic Models
Authors: Schofield Alexandra , Wu Siqi , Bayard de Volo Theo , Kuze Tatsuki , Gomez Alfredo , Sultana Sharifa
Published: January 2025

Practitioners dealing with large text collections frequently use topic models such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) in their projects to explore trends. Despite twenty years of accrued advancement in natural language processing tools, these models are found to be slow and challenging to apply to text exploration projects. In our work, we engaged with practitioners (n=15) who use topic modeling to explore trends in large text collections to understand their project workflows and investigate which factors often slow down the processes and how they deal with such errors and interruptions in automated topic modeling. Our findings show that practitioners are required to diagnose and resolve context-specific problems with preparing data and models and need control for these steps, especially for data cleaning and parameter selection. Our major findings resonate with existing work across CSCW, computational social science, machine learning, data science, and digital humanities. They also leave us questioning whether automation is actually a useful goal for tools designed for topic models and text exploration.
The Influence of Anonymity and Social Ties on Personal Experience Sharing: A Comprehensive Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Xu Hongdi , Zhang Pengyi
Published: January 2025

Personal experiences are widely shared and varied among types of social media. This study aims to understand how social ties (acquaintance & stranger) and anonymity (real-name & anonymous) of social platforms affect users' willingness to share and post content in dimensions of details, privacy, valence, and arousal. In a scenario-based experimental design, we analyzed 525 posts written by 27 participants under different relationship and anonymity conditions using a comprehensive mixed-methods approach. Quantitative data suggests that relationship and anonymity interact to influence users' self-disclosure: disclosing to acquaintances with real names or to strangers anonymously is more willing. The qualitative evaluation shows that acquaintance platforms have more positive posts with details, and posts on anonymous platforms include more information but with less control of negative valence and arousal. In addition, positive self-experiences shared on social media are more specific and intensive but increase privacy risks. These findings can guide the design of social media to boost ready and safe self-experience-sharing behavior.
Women's Perspectives and Challenges in Adopting Perinatal Mental Health Technologies
Authors: Progga Farhat Tasnim , Rubya Sabirat
Published: January 2025

Perinatal mental illness is a prevalent global concern impacting pregnant women and new mothers. Women frequently utilize technology for perinatal mental health (PMH) assistance, including smartphone applications, web-based platforms, social media, and online support groups. This study aims to understand mothers' perceived acceptability and effectiveness of mental health technologies and the challenges they face while adopting those technologies to navigate their PMH journey. We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with mothers (n=15) who were either pregnant or in their postpartum. Additionally, we gathered data (1600 posts and corresponding 10,000 comments) from online perinatal support communities to explore the discussions concerning mothers' utilization of technology during the perinatal period. Our findings elucidate the diverse experiences of women around professional help, social support, anonymity, and misinformation when adopting and using perinatal technologies and how these experiences shape how they envision future PMH technologies and their aspects. Based on these findings, we recommend developing future evidence-based technologies that continuously support mothers throughout pregnancy and postpartum while advocating for existing technologies to prioritize transparency, empowering mothers to make informed decisions and enhance their digital literacy regarding PMH resources.
On Two-Handed Planar Assembly Partitioning with Connectivity Constraints
Authors: Agarwal Pankaj , Aronov Boris , Geft Tzvika , Halperin Dan
Published: January 2025

Assembly planning is a fundamental problem in robotics and automation, which involves designing a sequence of motions to bring the separate constituent parts of a product into their final placement in the product. Assembly planning is naturally cast as a disassembly problem, giving rise to the
assembly partitioning
subproblem: Given a set

\(A\)

of parts, find a subset

\(S\subset A\)

, referred to as a subassembly, such that

\(S\)

can be rigidly translated to infinity along a prescribed direction without colliding with

\(A\setminus S\)

. While assembly partitioning is efficiently solvable, it is further desirable for the parts of a subassembly to be easily held together. This motivates the problem that we study, called
connected-assembly-partitioning
, which additionally requires each of the two subassemblies,

\(S\)

and

\(A\setminus S\)

, to be connected. We obtain the following results.

We show that this problem is NP-complete, settling an open question posed by Wilson et al. (1995) a quarter of a century ago, even when

\(A\)

consists of unit-grid squares (i.e.,

\(A\)

is polyomino-shaped). For assemblies composed of polygons, we also show that deciding whether complete (dis)assembly is possible by repeatedly applying connected-assembly-partitioning, is NP-complete. Towards these results, we prove the NP-hardness of a new
Planar 3-SAT
variant having an adjacency requirement for variables appearing in the same clause, which may be of independent interest.

On the positive side, we give an

\(O(2^{k}n^{2})\)

-time fixed-parameter tractable algorithm (requiring low degree polynomial-time preprocessing) for an assembly

\(A\)

consisting of polygons in the plane, where

\(n=|A|\)

and

\(k=|S|\)

. We also describe a special case of unit-grid square assemblies, where a connected partition can always be found in

\(O(n)\)

-time.
Some New Non-Commutative Matrix Multiplication Algorithms of Size (
n, m
, 6)
Authors: Kauers Manuel , Moosbauer Jakob
Published: January 2025

For various 2 ≤
n, m
≤ 6, we propose some new algorithms for multiplying an
n
x
m
matrix with an
m
x 6 matrix over a possibly noncommutative coefficient ring.
On BIOCHAM Symbolic Computation Pipeline for Compiling Mathematical Functions into Biochemistry
Authors: Fages François , Hemery Mathieu , Soliman Sylvain
Published: January 2025

Chemical Reaction Networks (CRNs) are a standard formalism used in chemistry and biology to model complex molecular interaction systems. In the perspective of systems biology, they are a central tool to analyze the high-level functions of the cell in terms of their low-level molecular interactions. In the perspective of synthetic biology, they constitute a target programming language to implement in chemistry new functions either
in vitro
, in artificial vesicles, or in living cells. In this paper, we describe the CRN synthesis tool part of our CRN modeling and analysis software BIOCHAM (Biochemical Abstract Machine). This compiler transforms any elementary (resp. algebraic) real function into a formal finite CRN to compute it (resp. with absolute functional robustness), through a pipeline of symbolic computation steps, among which quadratization optimization plays a key role to restrict to elementary reactions with at most two reactants and a minimum number of molecular species.
Development and Validation of a Deep Learning Model Based on MRI and Clinical Characteristics to Predict Risk of Prostate Cancer Progression
Authors: Roest Christian , Kwee Thomas C. , de Jong Igle J. , Schoots Ivo G. , van Leeuwen Pim , Heijmink Stijn W. T. P. J. , van der Poel Henk G. , Fransen Stefan J. , Saha Anindo , Huisman Henkjan , Yakar Derya
Published: January 2025

The proposed deep learning model based on MRI and clinical characteristics showed good performance in predicting progression from low-risk prostate cancer to clinically significant prostate cancer.
Supplementary Data Figure S5 from Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer Requires ASCL1
Authors: Rodarte Kathia E. , Nir Heyman Shaked , Guo Lei , Flores Lydia , Savage Trisha K. , Villarreal Juan , Deng Su , Xu Lin , Shah Rajal B. , Oliver Trudy G. , Johnson Jane E.
Published: January 2025

Genotypes of RPMA organoids and differences in metastatic burden.
Supplementary Data Figure S3 from Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer Requires ASCL1
Authors: Rodarte Kathia E. , Nir Heyman Shaked , Guo Lei , Flores Lydia , Savage Trisha K. , Villarreal Juan , Deng Su , Xu Lin , Shah Rajal B. , Oliver Trudy G. , Johnson Jane E.
Published: January 2025

Castration does not alter growth or heterogeneity of RPM and RPMA allograft tumors
Supplementary Data Figure S1 from Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer Requires ASCL1
Authors: Rodarte Kathia E. , Nir Heyman Shaked , Guo Lei , Flores Lydia , Savage Trisha K. , Villarreal Juan , Deng Su , Xu Lin , Shah Rajal B. , Oliver Trudy G. , Johnson Jane E.
Published: January 2025

Genotypes of prostate organoids and resulting allograft tumors.
Gels and unmerged images from Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer Requires ASCL1
Authors: Rodarte Kathia E. , Nir Heyman Shaked , Guo Lei , Flores Lydia , Savage Trisha K. , Villarreal Juan , Deng Su , Xu Lin , Shah Rajal B. , Oliver Trudy G. , Johnson Jane E.
Published: January 2025

PCR genotyping gels and unmerged images from immunofluorescence.
Supplementary Table S5 from Integrating Multisector Molecular Characterization into Personalized Peptide Vaccine Design for Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Authors: Johanns Tanner M. , Garfinkle Elizabeth A.R. , Miller Katherine E. , Livingstone Alexandra J. , Roberts Kaleigh F. , Rao Venkata Lakshmi P. , Dowling Joshua L. , Chicoine Michael R. , Dacey Ralph G. , Zipfel Gregory J. , Kim Albert H. , Mardis Elaine R. , Dunn Gavin P.
Published: January 2025

immunoSEQ resolved TCR sequences for each subject PBMCs pre- and post-NeoVax
Supplementary Table S4 from Integrating Multisector Molecular Characterization into Personalized Peptide Vaccine Design for Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Authors: Johanns Tanner M. , Garfinkle Elizabeth A.R. , Miller Katherine E. , Livingstone Alexandra J. , Roberts Kaleigh F. , Rao Venkata Lakshmi P. , Dowling Joshua L. , Chicoine Michael R. , Dacey Ralph G. , Zipfel Gregory J. , Kim Albert H. , Mardis Elaine R. , Dunn Gavin P.
Published: January 2025

Peptide sequences included in each subject's personalized NeoVax peptide vaccine
Supplementary Table S10 from Integrating Multisector Molecular Characterization into Personalized Peptide Vaccine Design for Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Authors: Johanns Tanner M. , Garfinkle Elizabeth A.R. , Miller Katherine E. , Livingstone Alexandra J. , Roberts Kaleigh F. , Rao Venkata Lakshmi P. , Dowling Joshua L. , Chicoine Michael R. , Dacey Ralph G. , Zipfel Gregory J. , Kim Albert H. , Mardis Elaine R. , Dunn Gavin P.
Published: January 2025

Differential expression analysis of nCounter CAR-T characterization panel gene expression analyzed via ROSALIND software
Supplementary Table S1 from Integrating Multisector Molecular Characterization into Personalized Peptide Vaccine Design for Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Authors: Johanns Tanner M. , Garfinkle Elizabeth A.R. , Miller Katherine E. , Livingstone Alexandra J. , Roberts Kaleigh F. , Rao Venkata Lakshmi P. , Dowling Joshua L. , Chicoine Michael R. , Dacey Ralph G. , Zipfel Gregory J. , Kim Albert H. , Mardis Elaine R. , Dunn Gavin P.
Published: January 2025

Representativeness of study participants
Supplementary Figure S8 from Integrating Multisector Molecular Characterization into Personalized Peptide Vaccine Design for Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Authors: Johanns Tanner M. , Garfinkle Elizabeth A.R. , Miller Katherine E. , Livingstone Alexandra J. , Roberts Kaleigh F. , Rao Venkata Lakshmi P. , Dowling Joshua L. , Chicoine Michael R. , Dacey Ralph G. , Zipfel Gregory J. , Kim Albert H. , Mardis Elaine R. , Dunn Gavin P.
Published: January 2025

CDR3beta sequences ranked by ratio
Real-world experience in the management of CML patients focused on tyrosine kinase inhibitors intolerance and health-related quality of life
Authors: Cho Hee Jeong , Baek Dong Won , Kim Juhyung , Jang Young eun , Lee Yunji , Moon Joon Ho , Sohn Sang Kyun
Published: January 2025

Introduction: This study aimed to analyze the survival outcomes and adverse events (AEs) associated with the long-term use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Methods: Medical records of 345 patients with CML treated with at least one type of TKI were retrospectively reviewed. Results: No significant differences in survival were observed based on the number of different TKIs the patients received (p = 0.301) or the sequence of TKIs used (p = 0.770). Among 182 patients treated with nilotinib, 25 experienced cardiovascular events (CVEs). After 10 years of nilotinib treatment, CVEs occurred in 55.2% of patients with ≥ 2 vascular risk factors. Pleural effusion was observed in 27 of 78 dasatinib-treated patients. In terms of HRQoL, patients treated with nilotinib generally reported higher satisfaction levels than did those treated with imatinib or dasatinib. When stratified by age or duration of TKI treatment, patients aged < 60 years or those with a treatment duration of ≥ 1 year exhibited better satisfaction levels. Conclusion: Survival outcomes were not affected by history of TKI treatment. Nilotinib is favorable for HRQoL but increases the risk of serious CVEs in patients with vascular risk factors.
Chronos, Kairós e a semiótica das coisas sem nome
Authors: Ibri Ivo Assad
Published: January 2025

O realismo da filosofia de Peirce sugere sempre que pensemos uma filosofia sem a suposição de um sujeito constituidor da realidade e de seu significado, como é frequente em filosofias nominalistas. A Semiótica, nesse sentido, à luz do realismo, espraia seu sentido para o universo de signos humanamente produzidos, assim como para os próprios ao mundo natural. Do mesmo modo, pode-se entender o Pragmatismo, em sua proposta de ser uma máxima semântica, como aplicável aos signos naturais e, de um modo geral, a objetos reais. O humano e o natural, a subjetividade e a objetividade, a interioridade e a exterioridade, conquanto submetidos às mesmas três categorias de Peirce como quesito básico de seu realismo, mantém-se, não obstante, distinguíveis, sem qualquer separação que gere estranhamento de natureza entre ambos. Assim, é possível pensar dimensões do Tempo que habitem esses dois universos, associados ao que caracteriza nossa humana experiência e ao que se associa a uma realidade cuja história transcorre por si mesma, sempre como desafiadora alteridade. Esse ensaio trata dessas dimensões, trazendo pela relação entre elas o conceito de coisas sem nome, situando-o na interface de possibilidades do que tipifica o discurso lógico e o que seria próprio ao de natureza poética.
Semiótica, (hiper)midiatização, circulação e atores/enunciadores: a caminho de um enfoque macro-relacional não antropocêntrico para pensar o futuro?
Authors: Carlón Mario
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo revisa cómo cierta semiótica (sociosemiótica) de inspiración peirciana se articuló con una teoría de las mediatizaciones en los escritos de Eliseo Verón de las décadas de los ochenta y los noventa, en el marco de una articulación con las nociones clásicas de la sociología (actores individuales, colectivos de actores individuales, medios, instituciones) en la era de los medios masivos (modernidad y posmodernidad). Sintetiza estas dimensiones un cuadro relacional o sistémico y sostiene también que dicha articulación definió un paradigma antropocéntrico dominante en la época que no solo estuvo presente en la obra de Verón. Luego, a partir de ese cuadro, se interroga sobre el futuro de esa semiótica mientras los internautas se apropian de la inteligencia artificial (IA) para producir discursos y ponerlos en circulación, estableciendo algunas observaciones acerca de qué cambia y qué permanece en nuestra contemporaneidad.
Espaço-temporalidade e territorialidade: deslocamento interno forçado na Colômbia
Authors: Pardo Abril Neyla Graciela , Rodríguez Flechas Camilo Alejandro
Published: January 2025

An analytical proposal is developed from the Multimodal and Multimedia Critical Discourse Studies (MMCDS) to address the spatial-temporal, territorial and memory relationship in the framework of representation of forced internal mobility in the Colombian armed conflict. The aim is to understand and interpret factors that determine the causes and consequences of forced internal mobility, making explicit the need to socialize knowledge about the social situation. The universe to be analyzed is the visual digital macro-narrative on the Truth Commission’s platform; the discursive sample is the interactive visual-graphic narrative, map, created by the Center for Spatial Research at Columbia University, through which the aim is to show how the representation of internal forced displacement is constructed between 1985 and 2021.
Utopias, fantasmas e ficções do fim
Authors: Galán Montemayor Carmen Fernández
Published: January 2025

Entre a literatura e a ciência, suas conexões na modernidade deram origem ao surgimento de novos tipos textuais, utopias e viagens, que antecedem a ficção científica como um ensaio de possíveis futuros. Em 1979, Suvin escreveu a história da ficção científica a partir de viagens maravilhosas, de ilhas alternativas e do conceito de estranhamento histórico. A ficção latino-americana, que não teve um desenvolvimento tecnológico, percorreu um caminho diferente, beirando o fantástico e o sobrenatural. Neste trabalho, as fronteiras e as possibilidades cognitivas da utopia, da ficção científica, do fantástico e das ficções apocalípticas e fantasmagóricas foram exploradas.
A terra, as pedras, as montanhas nevadas e o sol na peregrinação anual ao Senhor de Qoyllurit’i. É possível um compromisso ético-semiótico com o meio ambiente?
Authors: Rubina Vargas Celia
Published: January 2025

Perguntar sobre o futuro da semiótica exige, agora mais do que nunca, olhar para as urgências das nossas sociedades contemporâneas. A partir de um interesse pelo estudo de práticas sociais religiosas de grande magnitude, complexidade e relevância no Peru, como a peregrinação ao Santuário do Senhor de Qoyllurit’i, nos perguntamos até que ponto a semiótica nos oferece ferramentas para um compromisso ético com o meio ambiente. Para isso, destacaremos quatro figuras da Natureza: a terra, as pedras, as montanhas nevadas e o sol que são parte essencial dos rituais de peregrinação. A ética ecológica da cultura andina quíchua nos oferece uma maneira de propor um compromisso ético com a nossa disciplina.
Semiótica da inteligência artificial: análise computacional de grandes bases de dados e geração automática de imagens
Authors: Dondero Maria Giulia , Castro Gustavo Henrique Rodrigues de , Schwartzmann Matheus Nogueira , Pereira Daniervelin
Published: January 2025

A inteligência artificial simula hoje, de maneira cada vez mais satisfatória, a complexidade da linguagem e das ações humanas. Neste artigo abordamos as inteligências artificiais com instrumentos semióticos. Aqui, assumiremos o ponto de vista da teoria da enunciação de É. Benveniste, especialmente dos desenvolvimentos em semiótica pós-greimasiana, e sobretudo de Jacques Fontanille aplicados ao estudo da inteligência artificial. Essa base teórica nos possibilitará discutir, primeiramente, a relação entre banco de dados de imagens e algoritmos na análise de grandes coleções de imagens por meio da computer vision, além dos modos de diálogo do usuário com o modelo de inteligência artificial generativa Midjourney, que nos permitirá tratar a criatividade da máquina.
IArt-à-porter: a moda na era da inteligência artificial
Authors: Paz Gago José María
Published: January 2025

El sistema de la moda ha sido inmediatamente colonizado por la inteligencia artificial (IA) generativa multimodal: desde el diseño creativo de figurines y patrones hasta las campañas de marketing y publicidad audiovisual, todo puede ya generarse y funcionar desde la lógica del algoritmo utilizado por las herramientas de la IA. Este estadio intermedio entre la realidad virtual y la inteligencia artificial es conocido como metaverso, el cual actualmente constituye el precedente inmediato usado por marcas de moda como Gucci. Así, se recrean espacios y modelos virtuales, cada vez más difícilmente distinguibles de los modelos reales, presentados en IAFashion Week. Trataremos de definir la modalidad semiótica de este fenómeno tecnocomunicacional radicalmente disruptivo que, frente a la representación propia de los medios analógicos y a la simulación característica de los medios digitales, será definido a partir del concepto de maquinación.
Beyond Routine Maintenance: Current Trends in Working Memory Research
Authors: Adam Kirsten C. S. , Klatt Laura-Isabelle , Miller Jacob A. , Rösner Marlene , Fukuda Keisuke , Kiyonaga Anastasia
Published: January 2025

Working memory (WM) is an evolving concept. Our understanding of the neural functions that support WM develops iteratively alongside the approaches used to study it, and both can be profoundly shaped by available tools and prevailing theoretical paradigms. Here, the organizers of the 2024 Working Memory Symposium—inspired by this year's meeting—highlight current trends and looming questions in WM research. This review is organized into sections describing (1) ongoing efforts to characterize WM function across sensory modalities, (2) the growing appreciation that WM representations are malleable to context and future actions, (3) the enduring problem of how multiple WM items and features are structured and integrated, and (4) new insights about whether WM shares function with other cognitive processes that have conventionally been considered distinct. This review aims to chronicle where the field is headed and calls attention to issues that are paramount for future research.
Cullin-5 controls the number of megakaryocyte-committed stem cells to prevent thrombocytosis in mice
Authors: Kauppi Maria Katariina , Hyland Craig D , Viney Elizabeth M , White Christine Anne , de Graaf Carolyn A , Welch AnneMarie E , Yousef Jumana , Dagley Laura F , Emery-Corbin Samantha J , Di Rago Ladina , Kueh Andrew J , Herold Marco J , Hilton Douglas J. , Babon Jeffrey J , Nicola Nicos A. , Behrens Kira , Alexander Warren S
Published: January 2025

Cullin-5 (Cul5) coordinates assembly of cullin-RING-E3 ubiquitin (Ub) ligase (CRL) complexes that include Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS)-box-containing proteins. The SOCS-box proteins function to recruit specific substrates to the complex for ubiquitination and degradation. In hematopoiesis, SOCS-box proteins are best known for regulating the actions of cytokines that utilize the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. However, the roles of most SOCS-box proteins have not been studied in physiological contexts and any actions for Cul5/SOCS complexes in signaling by several hematopoietic cytokines, including thrombopoietin (TPO) and interleukin-3 (IL-3), remain unknown. To define additional potential roles for Cul5/SOCS complexes, we generated mice lacking Cul5 in hematopoiesis; the absence of Cul5 is predicted to impair the SOCS-box-dependent actions of all proteins that contain this motif. Here, we show that Cul5-deficient mice develop excess megakaryopoiesis and thrombocytosis revealing a novel mechanism of negative regulation of megakaryocyte-committed stem cells, a distinct population within the hematopoietic stem cell pool that have been shown to rapidly, perhaps directly, generate megakaryocytes, and which are produced in excess in the absence of Cul5. Cul5-deficient megakaryopoiesis is distinctive in being largely independent of TPO/Mpl and involves signaling via the beta-common and/or beta-IL-3 receptors, with evidence of deregulated responses to IL-3. This process is independent of the interferon-alpha/beta receptor (IFNARI), previously implicated in inflammation-induced activation of stem-like megakaryocyte progenitor cells.
DNTT-mediated DNA Damage Response Drives Inotuzumab Ozogamicin Resistance in B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Escherich Carolin S. , Moriyama Takaya , Li Zhenhua , Hsiao YuChih , Yang Wenjian , Li Yizhen , Reyes Noemi , Walker Megan , Budhraja Amit , Bhatara Sheetal , Diaz-Flores Ernesto , Stock Wendy , Paietta Elisabeth , Konopleva Marina Y. , Kornblau Steven M , Litzow Mark R , Inaba Hiroto , Pui Ching-Hon , Opferman Joseph T. , Loh Mignon L. , Yu Jiyang , O'Brien Maureen , Evans William E. , Yang Jun J.
Published: January 2025

Inotuzumab Ozogamicin (InO) is an antibody-calicheamicin conjugate with striking efficacy in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). However, there is wide inter-patient variability in treatment response, and the genetic basis of this variation remains largely unknown. Using a genome-wide CRISPR screen, we discovered the loss of DNTT as a primary driver of InO resistance. Mechanistically, DNTT downregulation attenuated InO-induced DNA damage response, cell cycle arrest, and mitochondrial apoptotic priming, ultimately leading to leukemia resistance to InO. Ex vivo leukemia InO sensitivity was highly associated with DNTT expression in ALL blasts, with substantial intra-leukemia heterogeneity as revealed by scRNA sequencing. In B-ALL patients enrolled in the COG trial AALL1621, we observed consistent DNTT downregulation in residual blasts post-InO treatment. The selection of DNTT-low blasts by InO therapy was also recapitulated in vivo using patient-derived xenograft models. Collectively, our data indicate that DNTT is a key regulator of calicheamicin response in leukemia and thus a potential biomarker for individualizing InO therapy in B-ALL.
Infectious keratitis following photorefractive keratectomy: a 13-year study at a tertiary center
Authors: Attar Alireza , Jamali Hossein , Ortega-Usobiaga Julio , Mahmoudinezhad Golnoush , Zhu Dagny , Mohammadi Mohammad
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Infectious keratitis is a rare but devastating complication following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) that may lead to visual impairment. This study assessed the clinical features, treatment strategies, and outcomes of post-PRK infectious keratitis.

Methods

This retrospective study was conducted on patients with post-PRK infectious keratitis presenting to Khalili Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, from June 2011 to March 2024. The study was conducted in two stages: the first stage assessed the incidence of post-PRK infectious keratitis among patients who underwent PRK at our center, while the second stage included all patients with post-PRK infectious keratitis, regardless of where their PRK was performed. The following data were collected: demographics, post-surgery presentation time, risk factors, culture results, treatments, follow-up duration, complications, and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) at admission and the last follow-up.

Results

Forty-two patients (42 eyes) with a mean age of 28.74 years (male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1) were included. Among 38,938 PRK procedures performed at our center, the incidence of keratitis was estimated to be 0.018% (7/38,938). The odds of keratitis during the COVID-19 pandemic were 7.05 times higher (95% CI: 1.58 to 31.52, p-value = 0.015) than outside this timeframe (February 2020 to August 2023). Gram-positive bacteria were the most commonly isolated pathogens in microbiological studies, accounting for 45.2% (19/42) of cases. Early-onset infections were primarily caused by Staphylococcus aureus (9/26, 34.6%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (4/26, 15.4%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4/26, 15.4%), whereas all of the cases with fungi (4/4, 100% (and Acanthamoeba (3/3, 100%) infections caused late-onset infections. All patients received broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, followed by adjusted treatment based on microbial results. Cases developing endophthalmitis and those not responding to treatment or having non-resolving corneal scars required further interventions, such as penetrating keratoplasty and deep vitrectomy. The mean follow-up duration was 40.81 months, and 97.6% (41/42) of cases experienced CDVA improvement at follow-up.

Conclusion

This long-term study found a post-PRK keratitis rate of 0.018%, with gram-positive bacteria as the most common pathogens. Prompt management and regular follow-up assessments are essential for achieving satisfactory outcomes.
Human-centered design of a health recommender system for orthopaedic shoulder treatment
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Schooley Benjamin , Mobley John , Mobley Patrick , Lindros Sydney , Brooks John M. , Floyd Sarah B.
Published: January 2025

Background

Rich data on diverse patients and their treatments and outcomes within Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems can be used to generate real world evidence. A health recommender system (HRS) framework can be applied to a decision support system application to generate data summaries for similar patients during the clinical encounter to assist physicians and patients in making evidence-based shared treatment decisions.

Objective

A human-centered design (HCD) process was used to develop a HRS for treatment decision support in orthopaedic medicine, the Informatics Consult for Individualized Treatment (I-C-IT). We also evaluate the usability and utility of the system from the physician’s perspective, focusing on elements of utility and shared decision-making in orthopaedic medicine.

Methods

The HCD process for I-C-IT included 6 steps across three phases of analysis, design, and evaluation. A team of health informatics and comparative effectiveness researchers directly engaged with orthopaedic surgeon subject matter experts in a collaborative I-C-IT prototype design process. Ten orthopaedic surgeons participated in a mixed methods evaluation of the I-C-IT prototype that was produced.

Results

The HCD process resulted in a prototype system, I-C-IT, with 14 data visualization elements and a set of design principles crucial for HRS for decision support. The overall standard system usability scale (SUS) score for the I-C-IT Webapp prototype was 88.75 indicating high usability. In addition, utility questions addressing shared decision-making found that 90% of orthopaedic surgeon respondents either strongly agreed or agreed that I-C-IT would help them make data informed decisions with their patients.

Conclusion

The HCD process produced an HRS prototype that is capable of supporting orthopaedic surgeons and patients in their information needs during clinical encounters. Future research should focus on refining I-C-IT by incorporating patient feedback in future iterative cycles of system design and evaluation.
Challenges of reproducible AI in biomedical data science
Authors: Han Henry
Published: January 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing biomedical data science at an unprecedented pace, transforming various aspects of the field with remarkable speed and depth. However, a critical issue remains unclear: how reproducible are the AI models and systems employed in biomedical data science? In this study, we examine the challenges of AI reproducibility by analyzing the factors influenced by data, model, and learning complexities, as well as through a game-theoretical perspective. While adherence to reproducibility standards is essential for the long-term advancement of AI, the conflict between following these standards and aligning with researchers’ personal goals remains a significant hurdle in achieving AI reproducibility.
Novel CAD/CAM-splint-based navigation protocol enhances intraoperative maxillary position control in orthognathic surgery: a case control study
Authors: Schrader Felix , Saigo Leonardo , Kübler Norbert , Rana Majeed , Wilkat Max
Published: January 2025

Background

Virtual surgical planning for orthognathic surgery typically relies on two methods for intraoperative plan transfer: CAD/CAM occlusal splints and patient-specific implants (PSI). While CAD/CAM splints may offer limited accuracy, particularly in the vertical dimension, PSIs are constrained by higher costs and extended preparation times. Surgical navigation has emerged as a potential alternative, but existing protocols often involve invasive registration or lack transparent evaluation. This study introduces a novel protocol for point-based optical navigation using modified CAD/CAM splints for non-invasive registration and transparent intraoperative evaluation, assessing its effectiveness in maxillary positioning.

Methods

This prospective case-control study included 20 patients undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. The experimental group employed surgical navigation with modified CAD/CAM splints, while the control group used standard CAD/CAM splints. Surgical accuracy was evaluated by measuring translational and rotational discrepancies between the planned and achieved maxillary positions. A mixed ANOVA was conducted to assess other factors, aside from surgical navigation, that might influence surgical accuracy.

Results

Surgical navigation significantly improved accuracy in translational movements along the x-axis (right-left: -0.81 mm; p = 0.021) and z-axis (down-up: -0.82 mm; p = 0.014), as well as in yaw rotation (-0.45°; p = 0.045). Other movements also showed improved precision in the navigated group, though not statistically significant; y-axis (back-front): -0.60 mm (p = 0.094); pitch rotation: -0.70° (p = 0.071); roll rotation: -0.04° (p = 0.428). Besides the use of surgical navigation, the amount of planned movement significantly impacted surgical accuracy, although no specific factors could be identified to predict which cases would particularly benefit from surgical navigation.

Conclusions

Surgical navigation with modified CAD/CAM splints enhances surgical accuracy without requiring invasive procedures, offering a straightforward and transparent protocol suitable for routine clinical practice that allows intraoperative evaluation of maxillary positioning. However, the clinical significance and cost-effectiveness compared to PSI need further investigation. These findings suggest new directions for future developments, especially with advancements in mixed reality technologies, which could broaden the application of surgical navigation.

Trial registration

Retrospectively registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00034795).
Decreased attenuation difference between non-contrast and portal-venous phases of CT predicts the ultrasonography-unspecified adnexal torsion
Authors: Xie Weili , Huang Zhongren , Kuang Hongmei , Li Xiaoxing , Zhang Rixin , Zeng Wei , Jin Cheng , Zhong Junyuan , Peng Jidong , Cheng Weiling , Zhou Fuqing
Published: January 2025

Objectives

To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced CT in diagnosing ultrasonography-unspecified adnexal torsion (AT).

Methods

Surgically confirmed patients with painful pelvic masses (n = 165) were retrospectively collected from two institutes. Two senior radiologists independently reviewed the CT images and determined the Hounsfield unit difference between non-contrast vs portal venous phases (ΔHUPV-NC) in both derivation and validation samples. The cutoff value, sensitivity, specificity, predictivity, and reproducibility of the ΔHUPV-NC and other visually assessed CT signs were analyzed and compared using the receiver-operating characteristic curve, multivariable regression, and inter-rater agreement assays, respectively.

Results

Women with twisted (n = 73 [47 ± 19 years]) or untwisted (n = 92 [40 ± 15 years]) adnexal lesions were reviewed. The ΔHUPV-NC ≤ 17.5 HU (AUC: 0.91 [95% CI: 0.86, 0.96]; sensitivity: 95% [95% CI: 87, 98]; and specificity: 88% [95% CI: 80, 94]) was the independent predictor of AT (OR: 137 [95% CI: 39, 481], p < 0.001). After training in ΔHUPV-NC measurement, the agreement between two junior residents and the consensus increased from fair (resident-1: 0.29 [95% CI: 0.17, 0.41]; resident-2: 0.24 [95% CI: 0.1, 0.39]) to substantial (resident-1: 0.75 [95% CI: 0.65, 0.85]; resident-2: 0.72 [95% CI: 0.62, 0.83]). The post-training diagnostic accuracy (both residents: 81% [95% CI: 74, 87]) was higher than the pre-training accuracy (resident-1: 67% [95% CI: 59, 74], p = 0.007; resident-2: 66% [95% CI: 58, 73], p = 0.002).

Conclusion

The sign of ΔHUPV-NC ≤ 17.5 HU in contrast-enhanced CT can be used to predict the ultrasonography-unspecified AT.

Critical relevance statement

The decreased attenuation difference between non-contrast vs portal venous phases, a quantitative measurement-based CT sign, highlights the value of using contrast-enhanced CT as a second-line imaging approach after an equivocal ultrasonographic examination to diagnose AT in emergency settings.

Key Points

The value of contrast-enhanced CT in diagnosing ultrasonography-unspecified AT is underestimated.

The ΔHUPV-NC ≤ 17.5 HU is the only predictor to diagnose the ultrasonography-unspecified AT.

Contrast-enhanced CT can be used as a second-line imaging approach after an equivocal ultrasonographic examination.

Graphical Abstract