bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leavitt path algebra of the action graph of a semigroup act
Authors: Mukherjee Promit , Mukherjee Rajlaxmi , Sardar Sujit Kumar
Published: January 2024

The Action graph of a semigroup act was defined by the authors in [P. Mukherjee, R. Mukherjee and S. K. Sardar, Action graph of a semigroup act [Formula: see text] its functorial connection, Categ. Gen. Algebr. Struct. Appl. 18(1) (2023) 43–80] as a combinatorial representation of the acting semigroup. In this paper, we first study some algebraic properties of subacts of a semigroup act which relate graphical properties of the corresponding action graph. We then consider the Leavitt path algebra of action graph and characterize the properties like primality, primitivity, ideal simplicity, etc. Simplicity of the Leavitt path algebra of action graph is found to have a nice connection with the intersection-large subacts of the underlying semigroup act. The notion of extendable subacts of a semigroup act has been introduced and used to characterize the simplicity of Leavitt path algebra for row-finite action graph. Finally, we characterize the simplicity, graded ideal simplicity, purely infinite simplicity of the Leavitt path algebras of a particular class of action graphs namely the Cayley graphs of semigroups. Some of our results in this paper provide suitable generalizations of the existing results on Leavitt path algebra of Cayley graphs as well as of power graphs of finite groups.
Hyperbolic quasivariational inequalities with applications to dynamic viscoelastic frictional contact problem
Authors: Kessal Hanane , Bensayah Abdallah
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we consider a quasivariational inequalities of hyperbolic type, the existence, uniqueness and regularity of a solution to the quasivariational inequalities is proved by using Rothe method and fixed-point technique. We illustrate the abstract results by an application to dynamic contact frictional problem for viscoelastic materials where the friction bound function depends on the slip.
Independence polynomials of graphs with given cover number or dominate number
Authors: Cui Yu-Jie , Zhu Aria Mingyue , Zhan Xin-Chun
Published: January 2024

For a graph [Formula: see text], let [Formula: see text] be the number of independent sets of size [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text]. The independence polynomial [Formula: see text] has been the focus of considerable research. In this paper, using the coefficients of independence polynomials, we order graphs with some given parameters. We first determine the extremal graph whose all coefficients of [Formula: see text] are the largest (respectively, smallest) among all connected graphs (respectively, bipartite graphs) with given vertex cover number. Then we also derive the extremal graph whose all coefficients of [Formula: see text] are the largest among all connected graphs (respectively, bipartite graphs) with given vertex dominate number.
Independence and domination number of order two element graph over a group
Authors: Pradhan Soumen , Kar Sukhendu , Biswas Bijon
Published: January 2024

Let [Formula: see text] be a group. Then the order two element graph of [Formula: see text] is the simple undirected graph whose vertex set consists of all elements of [Formula: see text] and two distinct vertices [Formula: see text] are adjacent if and only if either [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the identity element of [Formula: see text]. This graph is denoted by [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we first establish some beautiful results on Merrifield–Simmons index of order two element graph over a group. After that we characterize the product of two order two element graph over two groups. Moreover we study some important results on domination number of order two element graph over a group.
Structural and microwave dielectric properties of LiZnSbO4 ceramcis for dielectric resonator antenna applications
Authors: Yao Guoguang , Lu Ya , Gao Xu , Pei Cuijin , Liu Weihong , Liu Jin , Liu Peng
Published: January 2024

New microwave dielectric ceramics of LiZnSbO4 were prepared by the reactive sintering method. Within the sintering temperature zone of 1350∘C–1385∘C, a single-phase LiZnSbO4 with an orthorhombic structure was identified by XRD refinement, which contains 10 molecular formula per unit cell (i.e., [Formula: see text]). The relative density and average grain size had a main effect on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] value of the LiZnSbO4 ceramics, whereas the phase assemblage was responsible for its [Formula: see text]. The 1375∘C-sintered LiZnSbO4 specimens owned comparable low [Formula: see text], but ultra-high [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GHz (nearly three times) compared to LiZnPO4 and LiZnVO4 ultra-high [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GHz (nearly three times) compared to LiZnPO4 and LiZnVO4 manufactured, which showed a return loss as low as 37.4[Formula: see text]dB, maximum gain of 5.7[Formula: see text]dB and a fractional bandwidth of 3.9% (11.95–12.43[Formula: see text]GHz).
Ferroelastic domain engineering in layered-perovskite Bi2WO6 thin films by post-annealing
Authors: Yang Jia , Liang Minchuan , Yang Huayu , Ai Hui , Zhang Tong , Han Qing , Ma Ji , Huang Houbing , Wang Jing
Published: January 2024

Due to the strong magneto-elastic coupling in ferromagnetic/ferroelectric heterostructures and the potential applications in low-power magnetoelectric nanodevices, ferroelastic domains and the corresponding dynamic evolution under external stimuli have attracted intense research interest. Using pulsed laser deposition method, we have successfully grown layered-perovskite Bi2WO6 thin films on SrTiO3 (001) substrates. Interestingly, for the as-grown thin films with step-flow morphology, the relationship between ferroelastic domain number and size shows a normal distribution, which is similar to the Boltzman distribution for confined gas molecules at equilibrium. In addition, with post-annealing, the thin films with as-grown island-like morphology can be optimized for layered morphology, and the initial small ferroelastic domains can grow into large domains. This study provides an effective strategy for ferroelastic domain engineering, which can be applied for the design of multiferroic heterostructures and low-power nanodevices.
Interfacial Magnetic Anisotropy Controlled Spin Pumping in Co60Fe20B20/Pt Stack
Authors: Tahir Mahammad , Tiwari Dhananjay , Juyal Abhishek , Medwal Rohit , Mukhopadhyay Soumik
Published: January 2024

Controlled spin transport in magnetic stacks is required to realize pure spin current-driven logic and memory devices. The control over the generation and detection of the pure spin current is achieved by tuning the spin to charge conversion efficiency of the heavy metal interfacing with ferromagnets. Here, we demonstrate the direct tunability of spin angular momentum transfer and thereby spin pumping, in CoFeB/Pt stack, with interfacial magnetic anisotropy. The ultra-low thickness of the CoFeB thin film by tilting the magnetization from in-plane to out-of plane direction due to interfacial anisotropy from higher thickness of CoFeB thin film. The ferromagnetic resonance measurements are performed to investigate the magnetic anisotropy and spin pumping in CoFeB/Pt stacks. We clearly observe tunable spin pumping effect in the CoFeB/Pt stacks with varying CoFeB thicknesses. The spin current density, with varying ferromagnetic layer thickness, is found to increase from 1.10[Formula: see text]MA/m2 to 2.40[Formula: see text]MA/m2, with increasing in-plane anisotropy field. Such interfacial anisotropy-controlled generation of pure spin current can potentially lead to next-generation anisotropic spin current-controlled spintronic devices.
Learning Hybrid Policies for MPC with Application to Drone Flight in Unknown Dynamic Environments
Authors: Feng Zhaohan , Chen Jie , Xiao Wei , Sun Jian , Xin Bin , Wang Gang
Published: January 2024

In recent years, drones have found increased applications in a wide array of real-world tasks. Model predictive control (MPC) has emerged as a practical method for drone flight control, owing to its robustness against modeling errors/uncertainties and external disturbances. However, MPC’s sensitivity to manually tuned parameters can lead to rapid performance degradation when faced with unknown environmental dynamics. This paper addresses the challenge of controlling a drone as it traverses a swinging gate characterized by unknown dynamics. This paper introduces a parameterized MPC approach named hyMPC that leverages high-level decision variables to adapt to uncertain environmental conditions. To derive these decision variables, a novel policy search framework aimed at training a high-level Gaussian policy is presented. Subsequently, we harness the power of neural network policies, trained on data gathered through the repeated execution of the Gaussian policy, to provide real-time decision variables. The effectiveness of hyMPC is validated through numerical simulations, achieving a 100% success rate in 20 drone flight tests traversing a swinging gate, demonstrating its capability to achieve safe and precise flight with limited prior knowledge of environmental dynamics.
Will Artificial Intelligence be a Performance Booster to Agritech Start-Up?: Empirical Evidence from Emerging Economy
Authors: Kumar C. Ganesh , Basu R. Jothi , Yuvaraj M. , David Arokiaraj
Published: January 2024

Indian agriculture is in the period of transition from traditional to modern agriculture. The role of various technologies in solving contemporary global issues is inevitable in any business sector, likewise in agriculture. This research work attempts to understand the impact of one such technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the agricultural value chain. Quantitative research methodology is followed in this research work and data is obtained from the agri companies that use AI for their operations and decision-making. A conceptual model is also developed for this purpose. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) methodology is adopted to understand the relationship between barriers, benefits, and the future of AI and the performance of the agri value chain. Hypotheses are developed for this purpose and tested based on the data collected from agritech companies. The result obtained proves that the benefits of AI and the future of AI have a positive impact on the value chain performance which in turn have a positive influence on organizational performance. However, it is found that barriers to AI adoption do not have much influence on adopting it and on the value chain performance of agritech companies. One of the major contributions of this research work is that it would be useful to the practitioners/Government in framing policies on implementing technologies in the agricultural sector.
Integration of Deep Learning with Vibration-Based Identification Method
Authors: Li Nan , Zhou Dingfu , Lu Fan , Bai Fan , Wang Kaiqiang , Wang Weiping , Hu Xiaoyan , Meng Liang , Sui Fusheng
Published: January 2024

The vibration-based identification method has long been used as an alternative to mechanical tests for material characterization. Its non-destructive nature, high efficiency in parameter identification of anisotropic materials and its ability to achieve structure-level homogenization make it very attractive for both academic community and industry. Due to the absence of explicit mapping from the result of vibration test to elastic constants, conventional vibration-based identification approaches generally rely on the minimization of a cost function built on modal properties or Frequency Response Function (FRF) curve. In this paper, a direct relation from FRFs to mechanical properties is established by deep neural network, which offers a new perspective to solve the inverse identification problem. Specifically, this mapping is approximately built with Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs) and the network’s weights are learned from massive training data. The training data-i.e., the FRF curves, is generated by a finite element model whose input parameters are selected by Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS). After training, the obtained model is validated by dataset unseen during training process and will be further used to predict mechanical properties of materials from FRFs obtained by vibration test. The effectiveness and efficiency of the developed method are demonstrated on the case study of an aluminum plate. Both the Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio are retrieved with high accuracy.
ML-Powered Index Tuning: An Overview of Recent Progress and Open Challenges
Authors: Siddiqui Tarique , Wu Wentao
Published: January 2024

The increasing scale and complexity of workloads in modern cloud services highlight a crucial challenge in automated index tuning: recommending high-quality indexes while ensuring scalability. This is further complicated by the need for these automated solutions to minimize query performance regressions in production deployments. This paper directs attention to some of these challenges in automated index tuning and explores ways in which machine learning (ML) techniques provide new opportunities in their mitigation. In particular, we reflect on our recent efforts in developing ML techniques for workload selection, candidate index filtering, speeding up index configuration search, reducing the amount of query optimizer calls, and lowering the chances of performance regressions. We highlight the key takeaways from these efforts and underline the gaps that need to be closed for their effective functioning within the traditional index tuning framework. Additionally, we present a preliminary cross-platform design aimed at democratizing index tuning across multiple SQL-like systems-an imperative in today's continuously expanding data system landscape. We believe our findings will help provide context and impetus to the research and development efforts in automated index tuning.
Reminiscences on Influential Papers
Authors: Bhowmick Sourav S.
Published: January 2024

This issue's contributors chose influential works that create bridges from other research communities (human-computer interaction, computer architecture, and programming models) to the data management community. Their write-ups highlight the importance of reaching across fields without forgetting the core. Enjoy reading!

While I will keep inviting members of the data management community, and neighboring communities, to contribute to this column, I also welcome unsolicited contributions. Please contact me if you are interested.
Analysis of the Concentration of Heavy Metals in Khat Grown in Meru County and the Assessment of Their Associated Health Risks
Authors: Oyugi Albert M. , Kibet Joshua K. , Adongo John O.
Published: January 2024

Contamination of farm produce by toxic heavy metals has become a serious global health concern. These metals can bioaccumulate in plant tissues and are precursors for major public health problems such as cancer and neural impairment. Khat (Catha edulis) also referred to as miraa has the potential to sequester and accumulate both micronutrients and potentially toxic heavy metals in its consumable parts—tender leaves and soft barks of young shoots which are known to possess psychoactive properties when consumed. Therefore, the motivation behind this contribution is to determine the levels of six heavy metals, namely, cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), and nickel (Ni) in consumable Meru khat samples, compare these levels with the permissible limits of World Health Organization (WHO) in order to predict associated health risks, and to estimate the noncarcinogenic risks of these metals by total health quotient (THQ) and health index (HI) on khat consumers. 1.0 g of dry ground khat samples was digested in 0.05 M HCl and allowed to stand for 5 hours before being analyzed for heavy metals using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The mean heavy metal concentrations (mg/kg) in dry khat samples of six toxic heavy metals were Cd (7.81 ± 1.56), Cr (15.98 ± 2.22), Cu (15.81 ± 2.84), Fe (97.35 ± 32.67), Ni (0.37 ± 0.02), and Pb (32.36 ± 9.95). Based on the results, the mean levels of Pb, Cd, and Cr exceeded WHO permissible limits. In addition, the Pb and Cd THQ values and the HI of the six heavy metals investigated in the khat samples exceeded the threshold value of 1.0. Furthermore, the THQ and HI values showed that Pb and Cd were potentially the major contributors to noncarcinogenic risks on regular khat consumers. This is a matter of concern on the excessive consumption of Meru khat-based products, which over time may cause a toxicological response. Based on the findings of this study, the use of agrochemicals should significantly be minimized in khat farming. Accordingly, the Meru khat farmers should be sensitized on alternative farming practices that do not potentially cause heavy metal contamination in khat.
The Cell Envelope Integrity Protein Homologue D0Y85_RS06240 of Stenotrophomonas Confers Multiantibiotic Resistance
Authors: Zhong Chuanqing , Deng Xiaoqiang , Jiang Aihua , Liu Yayu , Liu Yuanyuan , Fu Jiafang , Cao Guangxiang
Published: January 2024

Background. The potential role of cell envelope integrity proteins in mediating antibiotic resistance is not well understood. In this study, we investigated whether the cell envelope integrity protein D0Y85_RS06240 from the multiantibiotic resistant strain Stenotrophomonas sp. G4 mediates antibiotic resistance. Methods. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify proteins related to the D0Y85_RS06240 protein. The D0Y85_RS06240 gene was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, both antibiotic MICs and the effect of efflux pump inhibitors on antibiotic MICs were determined by the broth microdilution method. A combination of antibiotic and efflux pump inhibitor was used to investigate bacterial killing kinetics, and binding of D0Y85_RS06240 to antibiotic molecules was predicted by molecular docking analysis. Results. Sequence homology analysis revealed that D0Y85_RS06240 was related to cell envelope integrity proteins. The D0Y85_RS06240 heterologous expression strains were resistant to multiple antibiotics, including colistin, tetracycline, and cefixime. However, the efflux pump inhibitor N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) reduced the antibiotic MICs of the D0Y85_RS06240 heterologous expression strain, and bacterial killing kinetics revealed that NMP enhanced the bactericidal rate of tetracycline to the drug-resistant bacteria. Molecular docking analysis indicated that D0Y85_RS06240 could bind colistin, tetracycline, and cefixime. Conclusion. The cell envelope integrity protein D0Y85_RS06240 in Stenotrophomonas sp. G4 mediates multiantibiotic resistance. This study lays the foundation for an in-depth analysis of D0Y85_RS06240-mediated antibiotic resistance mechanisms and the use of D0Y85_RS06240 as a target for the treatment of multiantibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.
Sustainable Integration of Green Hydrogen in Renewable Energy Systems for Residential and EV Applications
Authors: Das Deboleena , Chakraborty Ishan , Bohre Aashish Kumar , Kumar Prince , Agarwala Raja
Published: January 2024

The surge in interest surrounding renewable energy stems from concerns regarding pollution and the finite supply of nonrenewable resources. Solar PV and wind hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) are increasingly recognized as practical and cost‐effective solutions, particularly in remote areas. However, the intermittent nature of solar and wind power presents a challenge. To address this, incorporating a hydrogen source into the system has been proposed. This study focuses on modelling and sizing a hybrid energy system tailored for remote areas, accommodating both home and electric vehicle loads. The simulation is conducted for Siliguri, West Bengal, India, with the goal of optimizing productivity, minimizing expenses, and considering economic factors using HOMER Pro software. The integration of green hydrogen‐based power generation with photovoltaic and wind HRES emerges as an effective solution. Solar power, in particular, showcases promising opportunities for the electrolysis process and HRES systems. The presented work facilitates the modelling of a green hydrogen‐based green energy system, taking into account capacity, cost, and emission constraints. Various case studies are conducted to enhance system efficiency and reduce the costs of energy (COE). In this paper, three cases of grid‐connected and three cases of off‐grid or grid‐disconnected systems are considered for highlighting the benefits of hydrogen energy incorporation in both types of systems. This research contributes to sustainable energy solutions, advancing a greener and more efficient energy landscape, especially in addressing the recent development in load combinations of home and electric vehicle loads in both grid‐connected as well as grid‐disconnected system.
Link between Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Nonsmoking U.S General Adults: Finding from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015‐2020
Authors: Liang Jing-hong , Huang Shao-yi , Liu Mei-ling , Jiang Nan , Huang Shan , Pu Ying-qi , Zhao Yu , Chen Yi-can , Kakaer Aerziguli , Pu Xue-ya , Dong Guang-hui , Chen Ya-jun
Published: January 2024

The association between secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in general adults remains to be explored and therefore is investigated based on the representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in this study. SHSE was assessed by self‐reporting of passive exposure to burning cigarette in an indoor area (home, restaurant or bar, etc.), and OSA was defined by self‐reporting OSA‐related symptoms and frequency. A survey‐weighted regression model and stratified analyses were used to estimate the association between SHSE and odds of OSA. The study involved 9,991 participants who had never smoked, representing a weighted number of 449.9 million adults ranging from 20 to 80 years old in the noninstitutionalized U. S population. There was a strong association between several kinds of SHSEs and OSA that compared with participants staying indoors without exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), the odds of OSA was 1.2 times higher for those with SHSE at home (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.225, 95% CI: 1.009, 1.484), 1.4 times higher for those with SHSE in car (AOR = 1.404, 95% CI: 1.219, 1.616), and 1.3 times higher for those with e‐cigarette SHSE (AOR = 1.302, 95% CI: 1.087, 1.557). Participants with simultaneous exposure to more different SHSs were 36% (one to three kinds of SHSEs (AOR = 1.368, 95% CI: 1.219, 1.534)) and 44% (above four kinds of SHSEs (AOR = 1.444, 95% CI: 1.034, 2.004)) more likely to have OSA, respectively. In general, general adults with SHSE in separate indoor areas, especially those with simultaneous exposure to different SHSs, had higher OSA risk. Identifying causality and health consequences of the association requires future longitudinal studies.
Explainable Machine Learning‐Based Prediction Model for Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Yin Jing-Mei , Li Yang , Xue Jun-Tang , Zong Guo-Wei , Fang Zhong-Ze , Zou Lang
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of serum metabolites on diabetic nephropathy (DN) and predict the prevalence of DN through a machine learning approach. The dataset consists of 548 patients from April 2018 to April 2019 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University (SAHDMU). We select the optimal 38 features through a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model and a 10‐fold cross‐validation. We compare four machine learning algorithms, including extreme gradient boosting (XGB), random forest, decision tree, and logistic regression, by AUC‐ROC curves, decision curves, and calibration curves. We quantify feature importance and interaction effects in the optimal predictive model by Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) method. The XGB model has the best performance to screen for DN with the highest AUC value of 0.966. The XGB model also gains more clinical net benefits than others, and the fitting degree is better. In addition, there are significant interactions between serum metabolites and duration of diabetes. We develop a predictive model by XGB algorithm to screen for DN. C2, C5DC, Tyr, Ser, Met, C24, C4DC, and Cys have great contribution in the model and can possibly be biomarkers for DN.
Rapid, Multispecies Detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 Antibodies via a Meta‐Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor
Authors: Zhao Ya , Li Rui , Liu Zuqing , Zhou Hanlin , Yang Jingyu , Zhang Shaoran , Huang Liping , Liu Gang L , Zhang Qiang , Jin Meilin
Published: January 2024

Public health concerns have been raised by numerous reports of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and its variations infecting a range of animals. Wildlife reservoirs may facilitate the evolution of viral types capable of causing human infection in the future. Therefore, epidemiological monitoring of animals in close contact with humans is necessary. Yet, infection symptoms are not obvious in most animals, which leads to a short nucleic acid test‐detection period and limits the application of this method in animals. The use of virus‐ and pseudovirus‐based neutralizing antibody detection techniques is restricted to establishments with elevated biosafety standards. Traditional enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) do not offer multispecies detection and are time‐consuming and labor‐intensive. This work developed a polyethyleneimine‐gold nanoparticle meta‐surface plasmon resonance biosensor system‐based multispecies SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody detection platform that is fast, sensitive, has a high throughput, and is fully automated. The test can be done in 30 min and specificity is up to 100% for detection in cats, dogs, and minks. Moreover, the coincidence rate was up to 99.36% (313/315) for the detection of pseudovirus in clinical and immune sera. Additionally, this method’s detection sensitivity in cat, dog, and mink serum is 2,048, 1,024, and 4,096 times, which is much better than indirect ELISA and comparable to indirect immunofluorescence assays. An efficient method for COVID‐19 epidemiology screening in animal serum will be made available by this platform.
Measurement of the Promoting Effect of Complex Conditions on the Adhesion Development in Curing Process of Cold Recycling Mixture with Emulsified Asphalt
Authors: Zhao Xueying , Ma Baofu
Published: January 2024

The curing process of cold recycling mixture with emulsified asphalt is a process of emulsion breaking, water evaporation, and cement hydration, resulting in adhesion development and strength formation. There are many factors that affect this process, including curing temperature, curing time, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) contents, and cement contents. However, the evaluation of the promoting effect of each factor is still not quite clear. Hence, in this paper, the curing temperature, curing time, and RAP contents were discussed to find out the dominating factor in this process. The development of moisture loss and indirect tensile strength (ITS) was measured and analyzed through establishing prediction models between them and curing time. Besides, the functional relationship between moisture loss and ITS was also analyzed to evaluate the promoting effect of each factor. The results showed that the curing temperature has a certain impact on the development of moisture loss and ITS and an increase in curing temperature would accelerate the reaction rate, while RAP contents can hardly affect this process. Through functional relationship between moisture loss and ITS, it was found that the development of early strength and adhesion was dominated by ITS despite the increase of curing temperature and RAP contents. Expanding the hydration effect of cement could promote the curing process. However, this dominating role weakened at higher temperature and moisture loss should be treated more carefully.
Intravitreal Fluocinolone Acetonide 0.19 mg Implant in a Patient with Resistant Blau Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Saigal Khushi , Maleki Arash
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Blau syndrome is a progressive disease with an unknown etiology and pathogenesis. It can cause severe damage, especially in the eye with severe involvement. Case Presentation: A six-year-old female was referred to us complaining about blurry vision and floaters in both eyes for 1 year. She had been diagnosed with Blau syndrome and Blau syndrome-associated anterior uveitis. Her best-corrected visual acuity in the right and left eyes was 20/70 and 20/80, respectively. Slit-lamp exam revealed faint bilateral band keratopathy along with 1+ anterior chamber cells and posterior synechia 360° in both eyes. During dilated fundoscopy, 2+ haze in the media was observed, along with swollen and hyperemic disc OU. Based on changes in optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, and indocyanine green angiography, she was diagnosed with panuveitis and retinal vasculitis. Given her complicated history, we decided to proceed with an intravitreal fluocinolone acetonide 0.19 mg implant implantation in both eyes. During the 1-month follow-up visit, vitreous haze, retinal vasculitis, and active choroiditis were resolved. At 6-month follow-up visit, no changes were observed compared to the 1-month follow-up visit. Conclusion: In cases of Blau syndrome that display resistance to systemic immunomodulatory therapies, the inclusion of local treatments, such as the intravitreal fluocinolone acetonide 0.19 mg implant, should be considered as an adjunctive therapeutic option.
Academic Motivation, Meaning of Life, and Assertiveness in Seventh Grade Students of the Project "Mathematical Vertical"
Authors: Belyaev Alexander G. , Agapov Valery S. , Feoktistova Svetlana V.
Published: January 2024

Background. In Moscow schools there is a programme for vocational guidance for schoolchildren. One of these projects includes specialized classes in the project "Mathematical Vertical" for schoolchildren of grades 7-9. However, at present, studies of various psychological aspects of the influence of education on the personal characteristics of adolescents in special classes providing professional orientation for schoolchildren are not enough. Objective of the study was to assess school motivation, meaningfulness of life, assertiveness, as well ae to identify differences in these indicators between students in the 7th grade of the "Mathematical Vertical" project and their peers in the regular class, as well as to determine the correlations between the indicators under consideration. Methods. The questionnaire "Assessment of the level of school motivation" by N.G. Luskanova; the test by D.A. Leontiev to assess the level of meaningful life orientations; the assertiveness test by V. Capponi and T. Novak were used. Sample. The material was obtained for 50 students of the 7th grade. 28 adolescents (of which 50 % were boys) were students in a “regular” class, 22 subjects were students in a mathematical class (73 % were boys). The average age of adolescents was 13 years. Results. A low level of educational motivation was revealed among students in both classes. Male teenagers from the advanced mathematics class had a higher level of meaningfulness in life than their peers from the regular class. There were no gender differences in assertiveness test scores, while the number of assertive students was higher in the regular class compared to the maths class. The work also showed direct correlations between the levels of school motivation and meaningfulness of life, between assertiveness and meaningfulness of life. Conclusion. It seems appropriate to introduce a number of measures in various classes of the school with the purpose of the development of assertiveness, awareness and formation of life meanings and orientations, an active position in relation to one’s own life, which can positively affect the level of school motivation.
The Role of Torkinib in Inhibiting the Proliferation and Migration of Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes
Authors: Wang Jinchun , Dai Yongqing , Wang Yaqing , Li Yejia
Published: January 2024

This study aims to investigate the potential of an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (Torkinib) as a therapeutic drug targeting fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) presenting it as a promising alternative for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). FLS were isolated
and cultured from RA patients for cellular experiments. The collagen-induced arthritis model in mice was constructed using type II collagen emulsion for animal experiments. Cell viability was assessed using cell counting kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine staining assays, and flow cytometry
was utilized to detect cell apoptosis. The scratch assay assessed cell migratory capacity, while the transwell assay evaluated cell invasive potential. Electron microscopy and monodansylcadaverine staining were employed for autophagy detection, and western blot analysis assisted by nanomagnetic
beads examined the expression of relevant proteins. In animal experiments, arthritis development was evaluated using clinical scores and hematoxylin and eosin staining. As a result, Torkinib effectively inhibits the proliferation of RA-FLS with a 50% inhibitory concentration of 8.53 nM. Furthermore,
Torkinib induces apoptosis in FLS and activates cellular autophagy while suppressing cell migration and invasion by inhibiting the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Additionally, we observed an antagonistic effect between Torkinib and 3-methyladenine. In summary,
Torkinib demonstrates its potential in alleviating RA symptoms in CIA mice and enhancing disease progression.
MiR-129 Weakens Proliferation of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells via Targeted Regulation of High-Mobility Group AT-Hook 2
Authors: Dong Shaoyong , Zhang Chenghong , Li Hefei , Yang Nan , Zhao Qi , Guo Tao
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the role of micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-129 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by examining its effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis, as well as its relationship with the high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) target gene. Human NSCLC tissues were collected,
and cancerous cells and normal cells were isolated and cultured. In vitro cultured NSCLC cells were transfected with miR-129 mimics or HMGA2-small interfering RNA (siRNA). The expression levels of miR-129 and HMGA2 were measured using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain
reaction (qRT-PCR), while cell proliferation was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The targeted regulation between miR-129 and HMGA2 was examined using a luciferase reporter assay system, and protein expression was determined by Western blotting (WB). Flow cytometry was
utilized to measure the cell apoptosis rate. NSCLC tissues and cells exhibited significantly decreased miR-129 expression and increased HMGA2 expression compared to normal tissues and cells. Transfection with miR-129 mimics and HMGA2-siRNA effectively reduced HMGA2 gene and protein expression
in NSCLC cells, leading to decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis. The luciferase reporter assay confirmed targeted regulation between miR-129 and HMGA2. In summary, miR-129 may suppress NSCLC cell proliferation and induce apoptosis by targeting HMGA2 expression.
Effects of Saffron Yellow A as an Extract of Saffron on the Recovery Treatment and Organ Function of Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Wang Ziwei , Yao Liqin , Cheng Xiaoyu , Xu Lei , Song Yao
Published: January 2024

This research was aimed to investigate the effects of saffron yellow A (SESYA), an extract of saffron, in combination with continuous blood purification on serum factors, coagulation function, rehabilitation progress, and organ function of intensive care (ICU) patients with sepsis.
Seventy ICU patients with sepsis and admitted to hospital were assigned to control group (group C), which received continuous blood purification treatment, and treatment group (group T), which received continuous blood purification combined with SESYA treatment. Serum factors (lactic acid
(LAC), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP)), coagulation-related indicators (activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), platelet count (PLT)), quality of life (QoL), prognosis-related indicators [Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Acute Physiology
and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II)], and changes in major organ function indicators (liver function: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST); renal function: creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN); cardiac function: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine
kinase (CK)) were compared before and after treatment in both groups. The purity of the prepared SESYA exceeded 90%. The serum factors and coagulation function indicators demonstrated inconsiderable differences between groups before treatment (P < 05). Relative to group C, group
T showed a marked decrease in serum functional indicators and major coagulation function indicators (P < 05). After treatment, group T exhibited improved QoL scores and decreased prognosis-related indicator scores versus group C (P < 05). The levels of organ function indicators
in two groups greatly decreased after treatment (P < 05), with group T showing notably greater improvement compared to group C (P < 05). These findings demonstrate that SESYA, an extract of saffron, can remarkably reduce serum factor levels, improve coagulation function,
enhance QoL, and alleviate sepsis-induced damage to vital organs.
Friedel-Crafts Acylation of Aromatics with Acetic Anhydrideover Nano-Sized Rare Earth Cation Exchanged ZSM-5 Catalysts
Authors: Alharbi Walaa , Roselin L. Selva
Published: January 2024

Friedel-crafts acylation of aromatic compounds used to synthesize aromatic ketones and significance has commercial importance in diverse areas of fine chemical synthesis and pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. Conventionally, acylation reactions are catalysed by corrosive metal halides
or mineral acids. The present work reports on the catalytic activity of nanocrystalline ZSM-5 and rare earth metal cation such as La3+, Ce3+ and Nd3+ exchanged ZSM-5 in the liquid phase acylation of veratrole with acetic anhydride. The catalyst was thoroughly
characterized for its structure. The nanocrystalline Ce-ZSM-5 displayed highest activity towards the acylation of veratrole. The catalytic performance of Ce-ZSM-5 was used to compare its activity for the acylation of other aromatics; such as toluene, anisole and veratrole. The nanocrystalline
Ce-ZSM-5 shows highest activity over nanocrystalline ZSM-5 in acylation reactions of aromatics. It was established that smaller size crystal of Ce-ZSM-5showed superior activity, which is due to the enhanced density of acidic sites along with increased external surface area of smaller crystal
which facilitate the activity of the acylation reaction. The catalysts used in this study are reusable without any loss of activity.
Preparation of and Self-Catalytic Performance AP/CuCo2O4 Core–Shell Energetic Composites
Authors: Fu Yu , Ba Shuhong , Feng Lu , Zhang Bo , Xia Ping , Li Linpeng
Published: January 2024

To reduce the thermal decomposition temperature of ammonium perchlorate, Copper cobaltate (CuCo2O4) was prepared and precipitate on the surface of AP by liquid deposition method. The performance of specimen were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission
electron microscope and fourier transform infrared spectroscop. The self-catalysis of AP/CuCo2O4 core—shell energetic composites was evaluated by differential thermal analysis. The analysis results show that CuCo2O4 was successfully coated
on AP surface with good coating effect. And DTA results show that AP/CuCo2O4 core—shell energetic composites have good self-catalysis. When the content of CuCo2O4 in core—shell energetic composites is 6%, it shows the best self-catalytic
property, the pyrolysis peak of AP decreased by 194.79 °C, and the heat release of high temperature decomposition peak increased by 773.89 J • g–1. The investigations indicate that AP/CuCo2O4 core—shell energetic composites have shown better
catalytic effect than CuCo2O4, and provides a new ideal in the field of soild propellant catalysis.
Preparation of Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Its Application in the Treatment of Skin Injury
Authors: Tang Hongmei , Deng Zhe , Zhao Tianlan
Published: January 2024

This research was aimed to explore the application of chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rat skin injury. Method: the VEGF-loaded CS NPs (VEGF/CS-NPs) were prepared, and a skin injury model on the back skin of rats was established.
The VEGF/CS-NPs were applied to the injury model to observe the skin changes in the wound area of each group, compare the healing rate, the number of micro-vessels, and VEGF expression in each group of rats, so as to explore the intervention effect of VEGF/CS-NPs in skin injury. Results:
the prepared VEGF/CS-NPs were spherical or quasi-spherical in morphology, uniformly dispersed, with smooth surfaces and relatively uniform size. The average particle size (PS) of the blank CS-NPs was 267.5 nm± 25.3 nm, while that of the drug-loaded CS-NPs was 298.6 nm ±44.7 nm,
and the PS distribution was also very concentrated. The genipin cross-linked NPs could effectively prevent the degradation of the spherical wall and achieve the slow release of VEGF. After VEGF was applied to rats in the form of NPs, its healing rate and micro-vessel count were markedly superior
to those of VEGF injection alone and blank group (P < 0.05), and VEGF expression in skin injury tissues was also greatly increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion: VEGF/CS-NPs could improve the bioavailability of VEGF and promote the healing of rat skin injuries.
Effect of Chitosan (Chi)-C Terminal 30 Amino Acids of Clostridium Perfringens Enterotoxin (CPE30)-pVP1 Nanoparticles on Rats with Viral Myocarditis
Authors: Zhang Yubin , Miaomiao Du , Dexing Xu
Published: January 2024

Coxsackie B3 virus (CVB3) is the most common pathogen of viral myocarditis (VMC), and it is necessary to study an efficient vaccine to prevent the VMC. In this research, chitosan (chi)-C-terminal 30 amino acid (CPE30) was prepared by chemical coupling, and then chi-CPE30-pcDNA3.1-VP1
plasmid (pVP) complex particles were formed by co-aggregation method. The biological characteristics of the chi-CPE30-pVP1 complex particles were analyzed. It was immunized into SD rats intranasally at different time points as a vaccine together with other by-products (such as chi-pVP1, chi-CPE30-pcDNA3.1,
and chi-pcDNA3.1). 100 μg of plasmid was inoculated each time, with 4 times in total, and the specific antibody level and cellular immune response of all rats were detected. It was revealed that based on the coupling effect of ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide
(EDC/NHS) chemical coupling reagent, nearly 70% of CPE30 was coupled to chi, and the efficiency of chi-CPE30 to wrap DNA was close to 100%. After a certain concentration of pVP1 solution was added, the chi-CPE30-pVP1 composite particles were obtained, and the surface of the chi-CPE30-pVP1
composite was scanned as spherical particles. When used as a vaccine, the composite particles can induce high serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and mucosal IgA antibody levels in rats. Meantime, the specific lymphocyte proliferation test confirmed that chi-CPE30-pVP1 effectively induced the proliferative
response of CVB specific lymphocytes in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). After the rats were infected with 3LD50CVB3, it was found that the weight of rats changed slightly under the action of chi-CPE30-pVP1 vaccine (P < 0.05). The creatine kinase and creatine kinase-myoglobin
binding (CK-MB) levels of rats in this group were lower than those of chi-pVP1 rats and control group (P < 0.05). Applying the prepared chi-CPE30-pVP1 vaccine to immunize rats in this research could provide a new immune method for the molecular design of new vaccines and the prevention
and treatment of CVB3 infection.
Interleukin 37 Regulates Glycolysis by Inhibiting Glucose Transporter 1 Expression in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Chunwang , Zhao Li , Wang Ye , Mu Xiaofeng
Published: January 2024

Aerobic glycolysis is the most classical pathway in tumor metabolic reprogramming. Aerobic glycolysis has been found in several studies to have an essential role in lung adenocarcinoma progression. Interleukin 37 (IL-37) has an important protective role in lung cancer. The mechanism
by which glycolysis in lung adenocarcinoma is affected by IL-37 has not been clarified. Using qRT-PCR and western blot, we uncovered that GLUT 1 expression was significantly higher in A549 cells than in BEAS-2B cells. GLUT1 expression was decreased in A549 cells treated with rhIL-37. Also,
glucose uptake and lactic acid production were significantly reduced in A549 cells treated with 6 uM BAY-876 (GLUT1 specific inhibitor). GLUT1 expression in A549 cells in this study was not inhibited by intracellular overexpression of IL-37. Glucose uptake and lactic acid production may be
inhibited by extracellular IL-37 by inhibiting GLUT1 expression. Therefore, IL-37 has a role in glucose metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma cells.
Exploring the Influence of miR-597-5p on the Tumor Stem Cell Characteristics of Gastric Cancer Cells Through the STAT3/NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang Yuchao , Zhong Guangyu , Fan Kaihu , He Jialun , Sun Ying , Li Linping
Published: January 2024

In this study, we investigated the impact of miR-597-5p on the tumor stem cell characteristics of gastric cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms. Gastric cancer cell lines were transfected with miR-597-5p mimics to elevate miR-597-5p expression, confirmed by qRT-PCR. Overexpression
of miR-597-5p led to reduced cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and sphere-forming ability, while increasing apoptosis. Additionally, the expression of stem cell markers OCT4 and SOX2, as well as the phosphorylation of STAT3 and NF-κB, decreased with miR-597-5p
overexpression. Co-treatment with a STAT3 activator reversed these effects, promoting cell proliferation, invasion, migration, sphere formation, and increasing p-STAT3, p-NF-κB, SOX2, and OCT4 expression. Importantly, miR-597-5p inhibited the STAT3/NF-κB signaling
pathway, preventing gastric cancer cells from exhibiting stem-like characteristics. These findings suggest that miR-597-5p may have therapeutic potential in suppressing the stem cell properties of gastric cancer cells through STAT3/NF-κB pathway regulation.
Protective Effect of Beta-CasomorPhin-7 on Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Adriamycin Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Huang Xiaojun , Liu Jianyong , Chen Kun , Hu Yi , Feng Lu , Li Kai
Published: January 2024

Adriamycin (ADR) is an anthracycline antibiotic with the advantages of wide anti-tumor spectrum and strong anti-tumor activity. It is one of the most effective anti-tumor drugs at present, and is widely used in the treatment of leukemia and various entities. Tumor. However, cardiotoxicity
of doxorubicin can lead to irreversible myocardial damage, ultimately leading to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or congestive heart failure (CHF). Therefore, to explore the mechanism of ADR-induced myocardial injury, and to find effective and effective protective drugs for the clinical expansion
of doxorubicin application range is of great significance. We simulated the ADR myocardial injury model by in vivo and in vitro, and the degree of damage of cardiomyocytes by ADR was observed by detecting the corresponding biochemical indicators and tissue staining. And the expression
levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors were detected by Western blotting and others methods. Beta-casomorPhin-7 can alleviate myocardial damage caused by ADR, inhibit the expression of oxidative stress and inflammation-related factors, and activate TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB
signaling pathway. β-CM-7 inhibits ADR-induced cardiomyocyte oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by activating the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway. This will provide a new intervention target for the treatment of DCM.