bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An ultrasonographic evaluation of solitary muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis
Authors: Sharma P , Neupane S , Shrestha M , Dwivedi R , Paudel K
Published: August 2010

Background: Cysticercosis in humans is infection with the larval form (cysticercus cellulosae) of the pork tapeworm T. solium. Encystment of larvae can occur in almost any tissue. The location of cysts in order of frequency is the central nervous system, subcutaneous tissue and striated muscle, vitreous humour of the eye and, rarely, other tissues. High resolution ultrasound can be used in the diagnosis of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the ultrasonographic findings in cases of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis. Materials and methods: It was a retrospective review of the cases of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis which were diagnosed by ultrasound during June 2007 to May 2009 in the department of Radiology and Imaging, Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital. A total of six patients were evaluated. Result: There were four males and two females. Age of the patient ranged from 18 to 50 years. All of the patients presented with a swelling with pain in five of them. There was a wide variation in the location of the cysts. In all cases ultrasound revealed a cystic lesion with an echogenic eccentric pedunculated nodule attached to the wall. The mean diameter of the cyst was 6mm. Smooth wall was present in five cases whereas one of the cysts revealed irregular wall. Pericystic inflammatory changes were seen in the adjacent muscles. Conclusion: Ultrasound is a safe and non-invasive method that can be used in the diagnosis of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis. Key words: Muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis; ultrasound. DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3571 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2010), Vol. 8, No. 2, Issue 30, 257-260
Initiating advanced laparoscopic surgery in a medical college hospital with basic laparoscopic set up: Is it feasible and safe?
Authors: Thapa PB
Published: August 2010

Background: Laparoscopic surgery involves performing surgery through small incisions in abdominal wall to get access. Primary goal of this procedure is to achieve good cosmetic outcome, reduced post operative pain, early recovery and reduced hospital admission. Objective: The main objective of this study is to see the feasibility and benefit of performing advance laparoscopic surgery in a place where basic laparoscopic surgery is done and to share my experience while performing it. Materials and methods: A retrospective study of case sheets and discharge summary from 1st May 2008 till 1st August 2009 was done. Altogether eight patients underwent different advanced laparoscopic procedure. Cases done for the first time in the institute and those done by himself were only included. Technical feasibility, use of devices like harmonic scalpel, need for incision extension, operative time, blood product requirement, ambulation and enteral feed, post operative hospital stay and patients satisfaction regarding minimal scars were assessed. Result: Total eight patients underwent advance laparoscopic surgery. There were two common bile duct (CBD) exploration of which one was transcystic exploration, one total laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection (APR) for rectal cancer, one laparoscopic assisted right hemicolectomy for carcinoma ceacum, one laparoscopic assisted sigmoid colectomy for recurrent sigmoid volvulus, two laparoscopic right nephrectomy for non functioning right kidney, one retroperitoneal pyelolithotomy and one laparoscopic assisted splenectomy for massive splenomegaly with haemolytic anaemia. All procedures were technically feasible with basic laparoscopic instruments. However harmonic scalpel was required for splenectomy due to difficult hilum dissection. Ureteroscope was used as a choledochoscope in CBD exploration. Blood transfusion was required only in patient with low preoperative haemoglobin. Early ambulation and enteral feed was done within 24 hours in all and within 48 hours in patients who had bowel anastomosis. Post operative hospital stay was 5-8 days. Cosmetic scar was appreciated by all. Although long term oncological outcome is yet to come in malignancy case, biopsy report of laparoscopic APR identified 13 nodes which shows complete nodal dissection on oncological principal basis. Conclusion: Advanced laparoscopy is feasible, safe and effective in the hand of surgeons performing basic laparoscopic surgeries with guidance from surgeons who have long experience on same procedures but by open method. Key words: Advanced Laparoscopic Surgery DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3572 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2010), Vol. 8, No. 2, Issue 30, 261-264
Biomass combustion and potential health effects in the developing countries
Authors: Joshi SK , Dahl A , Kristensen T , Roldin P
Published: August 2010

DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3575 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2010), Vol. 8, No. 2, Issue 30, 276-280
Clinical Examination Methods in Orthopedics
Authors: Manandhar Rajeev Raj
Published: August 2010

Clinical Examination Methods in Orthopedics2nd Edition, 2010Author: John EbnezarPublished by Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3578 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2010), Vol. 8, No. 2, Issue 30, 286
The Short Textbook of Medical Microbiology
Authors: Thapa Badri
Published: August 2010

The Short Textbook of Medical Microbiology (Including Parasitology) By Satish Gupte 10th Edition Price Rs. 632/- Published by Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P.) Ltd. DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3579 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2010), Vol. 8, No. 2, Issue 30, 287
Newcastle disease vaccination regimen comprising both Lentogenic and Mesogenic strains is more effective than Lentogenic strain only
Authors: Barman LR , Islam MN , Flensburg MF , Permin A , Petersen SL , Islam MR
Published: August 2010

Two vaccination regimens against Newcastle disease were compared. A total of 180crossbred (RIR × Fayoumi) day-old chicks were obtained from the government PoultryFarm. At three days of age, 10 birds were randomly selected and killed to obtain bloodsamples for serum collection. The remaining 170 birds were divided into three groups.Group A, (55) received a locally produced live lentogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV)vaccine called “Baby Chick Ranikhet Disease Vaccine” (BCRDV) intraocularly at threeand 28 days of age followed by a live mesogenic NDV vaccine namely “Ranikhet DiseaseVaccine” (RDV) intramuscularly at 60 days of age. Group B, (55) was vaccinated with animported live lentogenic commercial vaccine intraocularly at three, 28 and 60 days of age.Group C, (60) served as unvaccinated control. Further blood samples were collected onday 28, 60 and 74 from all groups. All the sera were tested for haemagglutinationinhibition (HI) antibody titre to NDV. At 75 days of age, 30 birds from each of the twovaccinated groups and 32 birds from the unvaccinated group were challenged with avelogenic viscerotropic field isolate of NDV. The chicks had a high level of maternal HIantibodies at three days of age with a geometric mean titre (GMT) of log2 4.8, but thatgradually declined in the unvaccinated group. Following vaccination there was noremarkable rise in the antibody titre at 28 and 60 days of age (GMT>log2 3.5), but at 74days of age, the GMT of HI antibody in Group A (log2 5.9) was significantly higher thanthat in the Group B (log2 4.1). Following challenge, 100% morbidity and 65.6% mortalitywere observed in the unvaccinated group. Among the vaccinated groups, only 16.7%morbidity and no mortality were noticed in Group A but 43.3% morbidity and 10%mortality were observed in Group B. It is suggested that a vaccination programme basedon lentogenic priming and mesogenic booster gave better protection against velogenicviscerotropic NDV challenge than that based on lentogenic vaccine only. (Bangl. vet. 2010. Vol. 27, No. 1, 1 – 7)DOI: 10.3329/bvet.v27i1.5908
Effects of nutrition on production and reproduction of dairy cows in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam MM , Sarder MJU
Published: August 2010

Sixty-eight cows in group A were fed 63.9 megajoules (MJ)/day, 66 in B were fed52.9, and 66 in C were fed 51.1 MJ/day. The mean (± SD) services per pregnancy of cowsin groups A, B and C were 1.7 ± 0.7, 1.9 ± 0.6 and 2.5 ± 0.9, respectively. The mean calvingto 1stfirst service intervals were 158.1 ± 51.5, 171.0 ± 59.0 and 200.0 ± 50.3 days,respectively. The mean milk yields were 5.8 ± 2.6, 4.5 ± 1.9 and 4.3 ± 1.9 litres/ day,respectively. Pregnancy rate was significantly (P<0.05) affected by breed, parity, age,body condition score (BCS) and body weight of cows. Breed and parity had no significanteffect on pregnancy rate. Age, BCS and body weight had significant (P<0.05) affect onpregnancy rate.(Bangl. vet. 2010. Vol. 27, No. 1, 8 – 17)DOI: 10.3329/bvet.v27i1.5910
Inbreeding of Red Chittagong Cattle in a nucleus breeding herd
Authors: Hadiuzzaman M , Bhuiyan AKFH , Habib MA
Published: August 2010

DOI: 10.3329/bvet.v27i1.5914The Bangladesh Veterinarian (2010) 27(1) : 43 - 45
DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEMOPHILIA AND OTHER COAGULATION DISORDERS IN MANSOURA , EGYPT
Authors: Al Tonbary Youssef , ElAshry Rasha , El Sayed Zaki Maysaa
Published: August 2010

Hemophilia represent the most severe inherited bleeding  disorder (INB) , it’s thought to affect inviduals from all geographical areas in equal frequency. In Egypt which has a population of approximately (80million) consanguineous marriage are frequent, therefore autosomal recessive coagulation disorders reach a higher prevalence than in many other countries.The primary aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological situation of hemophilia in Mansoura, Egypt ,as based on retrospective analysis of clinical records Mansoura University Children Hospital between years 2000 and 2008. The second aim was to assess the orthopedic complications and occurrence of hepatitis C in those patients and relate this status to the type of replacement therapy received prior to the study.The study included 72 children with hematological disorders registered from 2000 to 2008 in MUCH. The hemophilic patient was defined as a person with physician-diagnosed hemophilia A or B and a measured factor VIII or IX activity level of 30% or less. Persons with acquired inhibitors of FVIII or FIX excluded. Severity level was categorized as mild if the factor activity level was 6–30%, moderate if 1–5% and severe if
Intravenous immunoglobulins for steroid‐refractory esophageal involvement related to polymyositis and dermatomyositis: A series of 73 patients
Authors: Marie I. , Menard J.‐F. , Hatron P. Y. , Hachulla E. , Mouthon L. , Tiev K. , Ducrotte P. , Cherin P.
Published: August 2010

Objective

To assess the long‐term outcome of esophageal complications in the group of patients receiving intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) for the treatment of severe steroid‐refractory esophageal involvement related to polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM).

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 73 patients (39 with PM, 34 with DM) with steroid‐resistant esophageal involvement. Esophageal involvement was evaluated by clinical and manometric investigations.

Results

Seventy‐three patients with steroid‐refractory esophageal involvement related to PM/DM received IVIG therapy (2 gm/kg monthly). The median interval between PM/DM diagnosis and the onset of esophageal complications was 6 months. The most common clinical manifestations revealing esophageal dysfunction were dysphagia (69.9%), coughing while eating (61.6%), and gastroesophageal reflux into the pharynx and/or mouth (34.2%). Twenty‐five patients exhibited life‐threatening esophageal complications requiring exclusive enteral feeding; 33 patients (45.2%) with esophageal impairment developed aspiration pneumonia. Sixty patients (82.2%) exhibited resolution of esophageal clinical manifestations, leading to a return to normal oral feeding and ablation of feeding enteral tubes. Four other patients (5.5%) improved, although they still experienced mild dysphagia intermittently. Because of impaired cricopharyngeal muscle relaxation, another patient successfully underwent cricopharyngeal myotomy. Eight patients died from aspiration pneumonia (n = 6) and cancer (n = 2). Muscle weakness, thoracic myopathy, and aspiration pneumonia were independent predictive factors of IVIG‐treated esophageal complications in PM/DM patients.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that IVIG should be considered in life‐threatening esophageal impairment complicating steroid‐resistant PM/DM. We also suggest that combined therapy of IVIG and high‐dose steroids may be the first‐line therapy in PM/DM patients with life‐threatening esophageal manifestations.
Spectroscopic studies of photodegradation of polyethylene films containing TiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Yang Rui , Christensen Paul A. , Egerton Terry A. , White Jim R. , Maltby Adam
Published: August 2010

The effect of UV radiation on a family of low density polyethylene films containing different concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles has been studied. The photodegradation was monitored using FTIR measurements of carbonyl group development and an in situ FTIR method that tracks the generation of CO2 as a principal product of degradation. Samples containing dispersant and/or a phenolic antioxidant but free from TiO2 particles were examined as controls. It was shown that the effects of photodegradation of the polymers could be followed even when these additives were present. The dispersant gave rise to absorption in the carbonyl region of the IR spectrum but meaningful results concerning the progress of photodegradation were obtained using difference spectra. Good correlation was found between the carbonyl and the CO2 measurements of the relative photosensitivities of the films with different compositions, and both methods indicated that addition of the nano‐particulate rutile TiO2 had decreased the film photostability. The decreased photostability inferred from spectroscopic measurements was also observed as a reduction, from ∼ 1100 h to 400 h, of the exposure time before film cracking, when samples were exposed to UVA radiation in QUV equipment. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Molecular weight and secondary structure change in eri silk during alkali degumming and powdering
Authors: Rajkhowa Rangam , Wang Lijing , Kanwar Jagat R. , Wang Xungai
Published: August 2010

Changes in molecular weight and secondary structure of eri silk during alkali degumming and silk powdering were studied. An increase in silk degumming intensity, through increased alkali concentration, treatment temperature, and time, reduced the fibroin molecular weight and, therefore, the fiber tenacity, but at the same time, increased the β‐sheet fraction. These changes reduced the time required to mill the degummed silk fibers into fine powders. Mechanical forces used in wet attritor and air jet milling disturbed intermolecular packing along the direction of side chains, but the conformation remained essentially β‐sheet even in the sub‐micron silk particles. Dry milling drastically reduced molecular weight and changed the conformation of the fibroin chains. The rate of the spontaneous conformation transition in regenerated fibroin solution prepared from fibers and powders increased with a decrease in fibroin molecular weight, affecting the time fibroin solutions could be stored before gelling. Overall, the study showed that molecular weight and secondary structure of silk powders could be manipulated by suitably changing the degumming and milling conditions. It also suggests that wet media milling and air jet milling are better than dry media milling to prepare less degraded and more crystalline ultrafine silk particles. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Effects of silane on the properties of wood‐plastic composites with polyethylene‐polypropylene blends as matrices
Authors: Clemons Craig M. , Sabo Ronald C. , Kaland Michael L. , Hirth Kolby C.
Published: August 2010

The influence of 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate and benzoyl peroxide on gel content, crystallinity, and mechanical performance of unfilled PP‐PE blends, and their composites with wood was investigated. All materials were compounded in a twin screw extruder and then injection molded. Specimens were then exposed to high‐humidity and elevated temperature in a humidity chamber to cross‐link any unhydrolyzed silane.

Adding wood to the PE‐PP blends, increased premature cross‐linking but also increased gel contents. However, the gel contents of the composites were still low. The PP component did not appear to cross‐link well and our gels were almost entirely HDPE. Fourier Transfer Infrared (FTIR) spectra provided additional evidence that TMSPM is grafted and cross‐linked in unfilled PE‐PP blends. Unfortunately, the spectra of wood composites proved difficult to interpret because of the complexity and overlap of the FTIR spectra of the wood. The HDPE component annealed when exposed to high‐humidity and elevated temperature, although less so in samples with high‐gel contents, presumably because of the decreased mobility. Annealing influenced mechanical performance, especially increasing moduli. Adding peroxide and silane appeared to improve adhesion between the wood flour and matrix in the composites but had little effect on energy absorbed during high‐speed puncture tests. Published 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Spectrofluorometric analysis and electrical conductivities of styrene and methyl methacrylate polymers
Authors: Ramelow Ulku S. , Wagle Rajesh
Published: August 2010

Conductive polymers were obtained by using a new polymerization method where UV‐light was used as a photochemical initiator. To obtain high molecular weights, optimum irradiation times were determined. The luminescence properties of polymers have been found to be useful for their identification. The use of luminescence spectroscopy as an analytical technique for polymer identification involves the measurement of fluorescence emission spectrum, which is obtained by exciting the polymer with UV‐radiation. Fluorescence emission spectra of polystyrene (PS) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) samples were taken at room temperature at excitation wavelengths at 290 nm and 292 nm, respectively. PPMA was prepared with different molecular weights, and the intensity of the fluorescence emission was correlated with polymer chain length. Conductivity versus molecular weight relation was established for each polymer. The plots obtained between conductivities and molecular weights can be used as a calibration curve. From the plot of emission intensity against polymer molecular weights, the molecular weights of unknown polymeric samples can be determined. The most efficient irradiation times were determined by using conductivity versus irradiation time plots. Conductivity versus temperature change of the polymeric samples at different temperatures was determined. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Experimental study of the influence of raw material impurities on yellowness index of transesterification polycarbonate
Authors: Godínez Carlos , de los Rios Antonia P. , Hernández‐Fernández Francisco J. , Lozano Luis J. , Baraza Xavier , Mardomingo Eva
Published: August 2010

This article covers a quantitative experimental study on the influence of raw materials and materials of construction impurities on polycarbonate color as expressed by a solution yellowness index. Major impurities in the production process were identified, synthesized, and spiked into the baseline materials. A fractional factorial experimental design was executed to provide some information of the influence of impurities as corresponding to levels similar to those occurring in the manufacturing practice. Analysis of the experimental design showed that isopropenylphenol (IPP), methoxyphenyl benzoate (MOB) and 9,9‐dimethylxanthene (DMX) are the main producers of color bodies. A quantitative expression was derived which can be used to predict manufacturing problems with regards to color. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Curcumin in Cancer Chemoprevention: Molecular Targets, Pharmacokinetics, Bioavailability, and Clinical Trials
Authors: Shehzad Adeeb , Wahid Fazli , Lee Young Sup
Published: August 2010

Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a derivative of turmeric is one of the most commonly used and highly researched phytochemicals. Abundant sources provide interesting insights into the multiple mechanisms by which curcumin may mediate chemotherapy and chemopreventive effects on cancer. The pleiotropic role of this dietary compound includes the inhibition of several cell signaling pathways at multiple levels, such as transcription factors (NF‐κB and AP‐1), enzymes (COX‐2, MMPs), cell cycle arrest (cyclin D1), proliferation (EGFR and Akt), survival pathways (β‐catenin and adhesion molecules), and TNF. Curcumin up‐regulates caspase family proteins and down‐regulates anti‐apoptotic genes (Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐XL). In addition, cDNA microarrays analysis adds a new dimension for molecular responses of cancer cells to curcumin at the genomic level. Although, curcumin's poor absorption and low systemic bioavailability limits the access of adequate concentrations for pharmacological effects in certain tissues, active levels in the gastrointestinal tract have been found in animal and human pharmacokinetic studies. Currently, sufficient data has been shown to advocate phase II and phase III clinical trials of curcumin for a variety of cancer conditions including multiple myeloma, pancreatic, and colon cancer.
Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Novel Betulinic acid and Betulin Derivatives
Authors: Kommera Harish , Kaluđerović Goran N. , Kalbitz Jutta , Paschke Reinhard
Published: August 2010

A series of novel betulinic acid derivatives 3–11 and betulin derivatives 12–17 were synthesized. The compounds were characterized by the means of 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry. The compounds have been tested on ten tumor cell lines of different histogenic origin. The most active derivatives, containing a chloroacetyl group on C‐3 in betulinic acid 9 and C‐28 in betulin 15, were up to ten times more cytotoxic and many fold more selective towards tumor cells in comparison to normal cells (fibroblasts) than betulinic acid. Furthermore, compound 15 was found to possess cell growth inhibition even when treated for a short time on anaplastic thyroid cancer cells (SW1736).
Efficacy, safety, and effects on blood pressure of naproxcinod 750 mg twice daily compared with placebo and naproxen 500 mg twice daily in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip: A randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group, multicenter study
Authors: Baerwald Christoph , Verdecchia Paolo , Duquesroix Brigitte , Frayssinet Hayet , Ferreira Thierry
Published: August 2010

Objective

To test the superiority of naproxcinod compared with placebo in relieving the signs and symptoms of hip osteoarthritis and to assess the safety of naproxcinod and its effects on blood pressure.

Methods

In a 13‐week, randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group, multicenter study, 810 patients were randomized to receive either naproxcinod 750 mg twice daily, placebo, or naproxen 500 mg twice daily (2:2:1). Primary efficacy analyses compared naproxcinod and placebo using an analysis of covariance for 3 co‐primary end points (the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC] pain and function subscales and patient's overall rating of disease status). Safety assessments included adverse events and in‐office blood pressure measurements.

Results

The least squares mean changes from baseline were significantly greater with naproxcinod than with placebo (P < 0.0001) and were similar to those with naproxen at week 13 for the WOMAC pain score (−25.81, −17.97, and −24.31 mm, respectively), the WOMAC function score (−22.24, −13.45, and −21.67 mm, respectively), and patient's rating of disease status (0.86, 0.51, and 0.82, respectively). Changes from baseline in systolic blood pressure were similar in the naproxcinod and placebo groups at weeks 2, 6, and 13 (differences between groups of 0.25, −0.45, and −0.11 mm Hg, respectively). Changes in the naproxen group were greater than those in the placebo group (differences of 3.11, 3.03, and 2.00 mm Hg, respectively). Systolic blood pressure increases ≥10 mm Hg from baseline to week 13 occurred in 13.3%, 15.0%, and 20.3% of patients receiving naproxcinod, placebo, and naproxen, respectively. Naproxcinod and naproxen had similar adverse event and general safety profiles.

Conclusion

The efficacy of naproxcinod for treating the signs and symptoms of hip osteoarthritis was statistically superior to that of placebo and similar to that of naproxen. Naproxcinod was well tolerated, with effects on systolic blood pressure similar to those of placebo.
Musculoskeletal disease burden of hereditary hemochromatosis
Authors: Sahinbegovic Enijad , Dallos Tomáš , Aigner Elmar , Axmann Roland , Manger Bernhard , Englbrecht Matthias , Schöniger‐Hekele Maximilian , Karonitsch Thomas , Stamm Tanja , Farkas Martin , Karger Thomas , Stölzel Ulrich , Keysser Gernot , Datz Christian , Schett Georg , Zwerina Jochen
Published: August 2010

Objective

To determine the prevalence, clinical picture, and disease burden of arthritis in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis.

Methods

In this cross‐sectional observational study of 199 patients with hemochromatosis and iron overload, demographic and disease‐specific variables, genotype, and organ involvement were recorded. The prevalence, intensity, and localization of joint pain were assessed, and a complete rheumatologic investigation was performed. Radiographs of the hands, knees, and ankles were scored for joint space narrowing, erosions, osteophytes, and chondrocalcinosis. In addition, the number and type of joint replacement surgeries were recorded.

Results

Joint pain was reported by 72.4% of the patients. Their mean ± SD age at the time of the initial joint symptoms was 45.8 ± 13.2 years. If joint pain was present, it preceded the diagnosis of hemochromatosis by a mean ± SD of 9.0 ± 10.7 years. Bony enlargement was observed in 65.8% of the patients, whereas synovitis was less common (13.6%). Joint space narrowing and osteophytes as well as chondrocalcinosis of the wrist and knee joints were frequent radiographic features of hemochromatosis. Joint replacement surgery was common, with 32 patients (16.1%) undergoing total joint replacement surgery due to severe OA. The mean ± SD age of these patients was 58.3 ± 10.4 years at time of joint replacement surgery. Female sex, metacarpophalangeal joint involvement, and the presence of chondrocalcinosis were associated with a higher risk of early joint failure (i.e., the need for joint replacement surgery).

Conclusion

Arthritis is a frequent, early, and severe symptom of hemochromatosis. Disease is not confined to involvement of the metacarpophalangeal joints and often leads to severe damage requiring the replacement of joints.
Replication stress, a source of epigenetic aberrations in cancer?
Authors: Jasencakova Zuzana , Groth Anja
Published: August 2010

Cancer cells accumulate widespread local and global chromatin changes and the source of this instability remains a key question. Here we hypothesize that chromatin alterations including unscheduled silencing can arise as a consequence of perturbed histone dynamics in response to replication stress. Chromatin organization is transiently disrupted during DNA replication and maintenance of epigenetic information thus relies on faithful restoration of chromatin on the new daughter strands. Acute replication stress challenges proper chromatin restoration by deregulating histone H3 lysine 9 mono‐methylation on new histones and impairing parental histone recycling. This could facilitate stochastic epigenetic silencing by laying down repressive histone marks at sites of fork stalling. Deregulation of replication in response to oncogenes and other tumor‐promoting insults is recognized as a significant source of genome instability in cancer. We propose that replication stress not only presents a threat to genome stability, but also jeopardizes chromatin integrity and increases epigenetic plasticity during tumorigenesis.
Biosynthesis, metabolism, molecular engineering, and biological functions of stilbene phytoalexins in plants
Authors: Jeandet Philippe , Delaunois Bertrand , Conreux Alexandra , Donnez David , Nuzzo Vitale , Cordelier Sylvain , Clément Christophe , Courot Eric
Published: August 2010

Stilbenic compounds recently have become the focus of a number of studies in medicine and plant physiology as well as have emerged as promising molecules that potentially affect human health. Stilbenes are relatively simple compounds synthesized by plants and deriving from the phenyalanine/polymalonate route, the last and key enzyme of this pathway being stilbene synthase. Here, we review the biological significance of stilbenes in plants together with their biosynthesis pathway and their metabolism both by fungi andin planta. Special attention will be paid to the role of stilbenic molecules as phytoalexins.
Interruption of a 310‐helix by a single Gly residue in a poly‐Aib motif: A crystallographic study
Authors: Solà Jordi , Helliwell Madeleine , Clayden Jonathan
Published: August 2010

The structural influence of a single Gly residue inserted into an Aib16 homooligomer was studied in the solid state by X‐ray crystallography. The peptides N3Aib8GlyAib8PheNH2 (1) and CbzPheAib8GlyAib8 (2) were found to adopt well‐defined helical structures, which are broadly 310 helical. Indeed, 2 is the longest crystallographic 310 helix thus far reported. However, in the region of the central Gly residue, a loosening of the 310 structure is observed in both peptides, with 1 clearly showing local adoption of an α‐helical structure in the region of residues 7–9. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 95: 62–69, 2011.
Ionic Mixed Interactions in Macromolecules
Authors: Ciferri Alberto
Published: August 2010

Purely ionic interactions in natural and synthetic macromolecules involve the mutual interaction of fixed charges and their interaction with mobile ions. Such charge‐dependent interactions lead to well‐documented effects, including chain expansion of polyelectrolytes, globularization of polyampholytes, distributions of mobile ions according to charge screening, or ion condensation models. A variety of structural features, functions, and applications of these systems is amplified by the superimposition of charge‐independent effects associated with the occurrence of less polar or hydrophobic groups, special salts, surfactants, or complementary protein assemblies. For instance, ionic and hydrophobic attractive interactions stabilize pearls (or rings)‐on‐a‐string conformations, possibly a model for the formation of the chromatin assembly. The attractive interactions due to hydrophobic fatty acid groups attached to polysaccharides promote the formation of vesicles that entrap and slowly release water‐soluble drugs. Intra‐ and intermolecular associations based on ion‐pairing mixed interactions also control the formation of host–guest compounds, protein conformation, and the assembly of layered polyelectrolytes. Metallo‐supramolecular polymers and networks are formed due to the coordination of multivalent cations with bi‐ and trifunctional organic ligands. The association of lithium salts to polymers in the absence of water allows the formation of highly efficient energy sources. It also allows the identification of the ionic species that control charge‐independent contributions to Hofmeister effects. This critical review presents a synthetic classification of systems displaying ionic mixed interactions, and a discussion of underlying molecular mechanisms.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of the Sodium Lithium Silicate Silinaite.
Authors: BENEKE K. , THIESEN P. , LAGALY G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Pressure Synthesis and Structure of the New Spinel‐Related Series LnCu2O4 (Ln: Nd, Gd, Er, Lu, Y).
Authors: CHEN B.‐H. , WALKER D. , SUARD E. Y. , SCOTT B. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent Effects on the Solvolysis of p‐Nitrobenzyl and 3,5‐Bis( trifluoromethyl)benzyl p‐Toluenesulfonates.
Authors: FUJIO M. , SUSUKI T. , GOTO M. , TSUJI Y. , YATSUGI K. , KIM S. H. , AHMED G. A.‐W. , TSUNO Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Partially and Perfluorinated Thioketones and Thioaldehydes: Chemical Storage, in situ Generation and Surprising Reactivity Towards Bis( trimethylstannyl)‐diazomethane (BTSD) and C,N‐Bis(triisopropylsilyl) nitrilimine (NI).
Authors: HASSERODT J. , PRITZKOW H. , SUNDERMEYER W.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient and General Synthesis of Alkanediyl Diphenols.
Authors: GRUETTNER C. , BOEHMER V. , ASSMUS R. , SCHERF S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized Pyridines and Thiophenes by Michael Addition of Some β‐Keto Carbothioic Acid Anilides to Electrophilic Olefins.
Authors: BOGDANOWICZ‐SZWED K. , NOWAK I. , TYRKA M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Mediated Flash Isomerization: A New Approach to 1,4‐But‐1‐ene Diol Derivatives.
Authors: MALANGA C. , URSO A. , LARDICCI L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sodium Chlorite ‐ Yet Another Oxidant for Thiols to Disulfides.
Authors: RAMADAS K. , SRINIVASAN N.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogenation of Carboxylic Acids Using Bimetallic Catalysts Consisting of Group 8 to 10, and Group 6 or 7 Metals.
Authors: HE D.‐H. , WAKASA N. , FUCHIKAMI T.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Homo‐Coupling of Methyl 2‐Br‐2‐Cl‐Carboxylates Promoted by CuBr‐Fe0.
Authors: BENINCASA M. , FORTI L. , GHELFI F. , PAGNONI U. M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective 1,4‐Reduction of Conjugated Aldehydes and Ketones in the Presence of Unconjugated Aldehydes and Ketones with Sodium Dithionite.
Authors: DHILLON R. S. , SINGH R. P. , KAUR D.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple One‐Pot Synthesis of Functionalized Ketimines from Ketones and Amine Hydrochloride Salts.
Authors: SELVA M. , TUNDO P. , MARQUES C. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Acyl(phenylselanyl)methylidene(triphenyl)‐λ5‐ arsanes and Their Wittig‐Type Reactions.
Authors: HUANG Z.‐Z. , HUANG X. , HUANG Y.‐Z.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Acyloin Condensation of 1,2‐Diacyloxyethanes: Directed Synthesis of Unsymmetrically Substituted 1,2‐Bis‐(trimethylsiloxy)ethenes.
Authors: FRIEDRICH K. , HAESLER J. , PULST S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Tandem Michael Addition‐Retro Dieckmann Reaction of Cyclic . beta.‐Ketoesters: One‐Pot Preparation of Polyfunctionalized Acyclic Derivatives.
Authors: FILIPPINI M.‐H. , RODRIGUEZ J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Organometallic Route to 2′‐Hydroxy‐6′‐methoxy‐acetophenone.
Authors: MINCHEVA Z. , VELKOV J. , BOIREAU G. , BARRY J. , FUGIER C.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Six‐Membered Ring Opening of Isopropylidene Malonate Derivatives: Synthesis of α,β‐Unsaturated Thio‐ and Selenoaryl Carboxylic Esters.
Authors: BAO W. , ZHANG Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselectivities in the Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Organoaluminum and Organotitanium Reagents to Sterically Hindered Enones: Investigation of the Methylation of 10β‐Methyl‐δ1,9‐ 2‐octalones.
Authors: KABBARA J. , FLEMMING S. , NICKISCH K. , NEH H. , WESTERMANN J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoinduced Molecular Transformations. Part 152. Ring Expansion Based on a Sensitized (2 + 2) Photoaddition of Enol Ethers of Cyclic Ketones with Olefins, Followed by a β‐Scission of Alkoxyl Radicals Generated from the Resulting Cyclobutanols. Two‐Carbon Ring Expansion of β‐Indanone, β‐Tetralone and β‐Suberone.
Authors: SUGINOME H. , TAKEDA T. , ITOH M. , NAKAYAMA Y. , KOBAYASHI K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyrazole Amino Acids
Authors: EL MAHDI O. , LAVERGNE J.‐P. , VIALLEFONT PH. , AKSSIRA M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 3‐Methyl‐1‐phenyl‐2‐pyrazoline‐4,5‐dione with Amines.
Authors: METWALLY S. A. M. , ATTA F. M. , ABD EL‐MONEM M. E.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Analgesic Activity of 2‐Amino‐5‐tert‐butyl‐2‐oxazoline.
Authors: SERRANO M. I. , SERRANO J. S. , FERNANDEZ A. , SANCHEZ‐CARRASCO J. M. , FUENTES J. , PRADERA M. A. , ORTIZ M. C. , GARCIA FERNANDEZ J. M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of 5‐Oxodihydroisoxazoles. Part 12. Trapping of Derived Ketenimines with Lithium Amides and Alkyllithiums.
Authors: ANG K. H. , PRAGER R. H. , WILLIAMS C. M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Benzopyrylium Salts. Part 45. Interaction of 2‐Benzopyrylium Salts and Their Monocyclic Analogues with Ketone Imines.
Authors: TOSUNYAN D. E. , VERIN S. V. , KUZNETSOV E. V.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Asymmetric Synthesis of Benzo(c)pyrans Related to the Aphid Pigments.
Authors: GILES R. G. F. , JOLL C. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Polyhalopyridines. Part 8. Reactions of Polychlorotrifluoromethylpyridines with Sodium N,N‐ Dimethyldithiocarbamate. Structure of 8‐Trifluoromethylbis‐1,3‐ dithiolo(4,5‐6:4′,5′‐e)pyridine‐2,6‐dione.
Authors: SIPYAGIN A. M. , ALIEV Z. G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyhalopyridine Reactions. Part 9. Perfluoroalkylation of 4‐Mercapto‐ 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoropyridine with Fluoro‐Containing Derivatives of Xenon.
Authors: SIPYAGIN A. M. , EFREMOV I. V. , POMYTKIN I. A. , KASHTANOV S. A. , ALEINIKOV N. N.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A High‐Yield Synthesis of 3‐Pentadecylpyridine.
Authors: STALICK W. M. , MURRAY J. H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Monosubstituted 2,2′‐Bipyridines.
Authors: SPRECHER M. , BRESLOW R. , UZIEL O. , LINK T. M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Properties, and Structures of 1,2:5,6‐Bis(ethylenedithio) pyracylene and Its Radical Cation Salts.
Authors: TANI H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloaddition of 1,6‐Bis(3,5‐dioxo‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐4‐yl)hexane to Some Dienes.
Authors: MALLAKPOUR S. E. , ZOLFIGOL M. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.