bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive-gain fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode for position control of a piezo positioning stage
Authors: Dinh To Xuan , Ahn Kyoung Kwan
Published: May 2018

This article proposed a variable gain fast terminal sliding mode controller with an estimator of the uncertainty model for a piezo positioning stage system. The designed terminal sliding mode control has some advantages over the linear sliding mode control such as fast convergence and chattering reduction while maintains its robustness to the uncertainties. Next, an indirect technique is developed to enable the elimination of the singularity problem corresponding to initial terminal sliding mode control. In addition, a cerebellar model articulation controller is carried out to estimate the nonlinear dynamics of the piezo positioning stage. To deal with unknown bounds of uncertainties and disturbances, the proposed scheme consists of using online tuning control gains that ensure the establishment of a real terminal sliding mode in a finite time. Moreover, a fuzzy logic scheme is presented to smooth out the discontinuity part of the control signal, hence improve the control performance. Stability analysis of closed loop system is provided using the Lyapunov function method. Experiment results are presented to evaluate the effectiveness of the designed control approach.
Evaluation of the rivastigmine role against botulinum toxin-A-induced osteoporosis in albino rats: A biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical study
Authors: Ali DM , Abdelzaher WY , Abdel-Hafez SMN
Published: May 2018

The present study aimed to evaluate the role of rivastigmine against the effect of a single unilateral botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) injection on the bone and bone marrow of adult albino rats 4 weeks after injection. Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were divided into four equal groups: group I, which received distilled water; group II, which received rivastigmine (0.3 mg/kg daily, intraperitoneally for 4 weeks); group III, which received BTX-A (4 IU in 0.2 mL physiological saline) single dose, intramuscularly; and group IV, which received BTX-A + rivastigmine. The results revealed that BTX-A induced a significant decrease in the calcium level with a significant increase in the phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor α levels in serum. Furthermore, a significant increase in malondialdehyde with a significant decrease in reduced glutathione activities in both bone and bone marrow. Histologically, a distortion and thinning out of the compact bone and trabeculae of cancellous bone of the rat femur in the BTX-A group with an increase in adipocytes in adjacent bone marrow were detected. Immunohistochemically, Cluster of Differentiation 68 (CD68) showed a significant increase in both osteoclasts and bone marrow macrophage. Rivastigmine treatment could relieve the toxic effects induced by BTX-A. In conclusion, rivastigmine has a protective effect against the hazardous effects of BTX-A on bone and bone marrow.
The Relation of the Family Welfare Agency and the Christian Church in a Congested District
Authors: Bailey Margaret
Published: May 2018

In presenting this article (which was prepared as a thesis for the social work course at Western Reserve University) the Editor wishes to emphasize the fact that it is based on the study of a limited number of case records selected from a single district. The author has recognized that the conclusions based on her inquiry point the way to further study rather than to any wholesale generalizations as to present case work practice. It is hoped that her discoveries will turn the attention of the case worker toward more careful recording of her actual findings regarding the religious life of her clients and to a more thoughtful articulation of her relationship to the churches.
Casework with the Unmarried Mother in a Family Agency
Authors: Judge Jane G.
Published: May 2018

The degree of self-understanding achieved by these young women differs in relation to the psychodynamics of their individual personalities and capacity to make use of casework treatment. Like other human beings in conflict with themselves and/or their environment, unmarried mothers are many different kinds of people, socially, economically, intellectually, and psychologically.

Social attitudes toward unmarried parenthood have not sufficiently changed to alter the need of the unmarried mother for concealment. Thus she frequently flees in panic from her own community to a large city where she is unknown. Those young women who are financially able to support themselves and to meet hospital and boarding home costs are able to carry out their plans without endangering their desire for concealment. When an unmarried mother requires assistance from public funds, she becomes involved in an investigation of resources and the possibility of correspondence with her home community, about which she is apprehensive, at times more so than the facts warrant, since public welfare departments make investigations as confidentially as possible. The protection and service provided to mother and child by authorized agencies may not seem to the mother of sufficient worth to risk the danger of possible embarrassment or disclosure, when the possibility exists of placing her child directly from the hospital, with all bills paid by the adoptive family or by some interested intermediary. 4

We need community services, public and private, geared to the optimal meeting of the psychosocial and health needs of unmarried mothers and their children. The extent to which adoptions take place outside of the control of qualified agencies, and the number of unmarried mothers who receive no casework guidance, suggest the desirability for agencies working with unmarried mothers to review critically their procedures and policies to determine whether services are as useful and as accessible as resources of personnel permit. Adequate facilities for shelter care and medical care, adoption, and child placement are essential for casework with the unmarried mother.

The unmarried mother should not be exposed to a fragmentary approach focused on the symptom of her personality disturbance. Because of initial resistance and panic and need to break former social relationships, she particularly needs diagnostic appraisal and a treatment plan formulated in one agency with access to specialized services at appropriate times.
Psychiatric Casework in an Army Setting
Authors: Rooney William S. , Ryan Francis J. , Cross Grace A.
Published: May 2018

The foregoing has been an attempt to illustrate the process of psychiatric casework in the outpatient department of a United States army general hospital. Although social work in the army had its beginning during the recent war where it performed service in training camps, overseas bases, rehabilitation centers, and hospitals, in the years following the war it has become focused in well-defined areas.

The casework process, as illustrated, is similar to social casework in many civilian psychiatric settings. The similarity is brought out intentionally. The basic skill of casework is the same in all settings. Casework is applicable to the military community to the same degree that it applies to any well-organized community. The soldier and his dependents live in surroundings that in many respects resemble those found in the average American town. In order that he may be a more efficient soldier the army community strives to meet his needs just as any town or city endeavors to meet the needs of its citizens. The neuropsychiatric outpatient clinic and the role of the social worker in such a clinic are but one example of the peacetime medical care program in the military community.
The Element of Parental Identification in the Child Care Institution
Authors: Hallowitz David
Published: May 2018

This paper has attempted to focus attention on a group of young children in institutional placement who, because of the absence of opportunity for parental relationships within their own families, have need for identification with parental figures in their new environment. Such children present problems of immature ego development or neurotic conflict or a combination of both. The focus has been upon the strengthening of the immature ego, although our casework experience in this area may have application to the problem area in which neurotic conflict is predominant. We have tried to define and describe the element of parental identification in the casework process with this particular group of children and to show its interconnection with the broader transference phenomenon. Finally, the role of the caseworker in meeting the child's need for parental identification has been presented, as differentiated from that of the cottage parent and other resident staff members.
Desensitizing and Resensitizing the Schizogenic Family System
Authors: Krider James W.
Published: May 2018

An honest, direct approach, genuine warmth, and a desire to help prove ego-syntonic for persons whose disturbances stem from basic communication anomalies
The Older Person in Need of Protective Services
Authors: Bloom Martin , Nielsen Margaret
Published: May 2018

A conceptual analysis of the social and psychological problems of the aged as a basis for more effective action on their behalf
Protective Practice in Serving the Mentally Impaired Aged
Authors: Wasser Edna
Published: May 2018

A model is reported that uses casework as the core service complemented by extensive ancillary services within the structure of a voluntary agency
Role of the Medical Social Worker in a Coronary Care Unit
Authors: Obier Kathleen , Haywood L. Julian
Published: May 2018

In a particularly intense setting there is the opportunity to modify the environment to lessen its potential maladaptive impact upon the patient
An Analysis of Public Marijuana Policy
Authors: Salmon Robert
Published: May 2018

Marijuana use has become the symbol of an entire range of problems in our society, each of which exacerbates attempts at rational solutions
Facilitating Program Development by Staff Study
Authors: Koch Louise
Published: May 2018

In one agency, four small groups shared learning in joint sessions and afforded diversity in style, content, focus, and variety of outcome
The Dynamics of Agency Change
Authors: Patti Rino J. , Resnick Herman
Published: May 2018

Faculty consultants to a family agency offer some propositions that pertain to understanding what is involved in program transformation
Implications of Purchase of Service for Voluntary Agencies
Authors: Manser Gordon
Published: May 2018

Study of future trends reveals the potential for profound changes in traditional public and voluntary relationships and for the operation of agencies
New Dimension to Family Agency from Family Life Education
Authors: Carder Joan Haley
Published: May 2018

Lines of communication are opened between neighborhood residents and the power structure, resulting in improved utility services, health clinics, and day care centers
The Drop-in Center: A Study in Conflicting Realities
Authors: Westhues Kenneth
Published: May 2018

The youth-oriented center plays a modest yet unique role in mediating some of the problems in the world of contemporary alienated persons
Maladaptive Reactions to the Death of a Family Member
Authors: Krupp George
Published: May 2018

Man has developed culturally prescribed rituals, group ceremonies, and patterns of behavior unique to the individual which may or may not help him to cope with loss
The Depressed Woman and Her Rebellious Adolescent
Authors: Weissman Myrna M. , Siegel Risé
Published: May 2018

A high degree of impaired communication, resentment, disaffection, and hostility was observed in the parent-child relationships of ill women
Family Counseling in an Industrial Job-Support Program
Authors: Mills Elisabeth
Published: May 2018

A program of service is established with the cooperation and financial support of the employer to provide immediate, on-site help to the employees
Lasting and Outmoded Concepts in the Caseworker's Heritage
Authors: Pumphrey Muriel W.
Published: May 2018

The fundamental goal of social casework, expressed differently over the years, essentially is to improve the circumstances in which people find themselves
Use of Ego Psychology Concepts in Family Service Intake
Authors: Bennett Ivy B.
Published: May 2018

Three case illustrations demonstrate the application of a mental health approach related to ideas of effectance, efficacy, competence, and mastery
The Sense of Self Expressed through Giving and Receiving
Authors: Neisser Marianne
Published: May 2018

The therapeutic utilization of the offer of a gift provides a basis for further significant steps in the development of an affirmation of personal worth
The social worker and the family physician
Authors: Goldberg Ruth L.
Published: May 2018

A student training program integrates counseling services with medical practice to provide more effective and complete care for the patient and family
Another Perspective on Tasks in School Social Work
Authors: Alderson John J. , Krishef Curtis H.
Published: May 2018

A study of school social workers in Florida obtained a picture of their readiness to delegate responsibilities to those with lesser education
Adjustment Problems of the Family of the Burn Patient
Authors: Brodland Gene A. , Andreasen N.J.C.
Published: May 2018

During a one-year study, thirty-two adults and their families were evaluated psychiatrically on admission and interviewed daily until the time of discharge
Three Problematic Concepts: Client, Help, Worker
Authors: Tropp Emanuel
Published: May 2018

Analysis of terminology leads to a search for words more clearly descriptive, more communicative, and more appropriate to a profession's present identity
Continuing Education–teaching Staff to Teach
Authors: Frey Louise A. , Shatz Eunice , Katz Edna-Ann
Published: May 2018

Any exclusion from the planning process of those who are to take on the educator role will diminish intellectual responsiveness and creativity
Inputs versus Outputs as Criteria of Competence
Authors: Levy Charles S.
Published: May 2018

However it is approached, the nature and measurement of professional competence continue to be a major preoccupation among social workers
Current Trends in Youth Service Requests
Authors: Saks Florence G.
Published: May 2018

Problems of mental illness, addiction, unwanted pregnancies, unemployment, family conflicts, and loneliness reflect a time of social flux
Professional Staff Reaction to Abortion Work
Authors: Such-Baer Marianne
Published: May 2018

A study reveals that negative emotional reactions or discomfort correlate highly with profession, with method used, and with contact with the fetus
The Voluntary Agency–Structure vs. Accountability
Authors: Fizdale Ruth
Published: May 2018

True collaboration of board and staff requires that all decisions about use of funds, program, and policy changes be considered and acted upon jointly
Adoptive Parents and the Sealed Record Controversy
Authors: Baran Annette , Pannor Reuben , Sorosky Arthur D.
Published: May 2018

A study indicates that for many persons standards of anonymity developed as a safeguard to all involved in adoption have been the cause of many problems
A New Look at Clientele and Services of Family Agencies
Authors: Beck Dorothy Fahs , Jones Mary Ann
Published: May 2018

How clients and caseworkers evaluate the results of casework help is one of the findings in this overview of a research study of unusual magnitude
Team Treatment for Abusive Families
Authors: Barnes Geoffrey B. , Chabon Robert S. , Hertzberg Leonard J.
Published: May 2018

Paraprofessional community aides with a nurse, pediatrician, psychiatrist, and social worker provide quality care to abused children and their parents
Sex Counseling for those with Spinal Cord Injuries
Authors: Isaacson June , Delgado Harriet E.
Published: May 2018

A study of outpatients indicates the need for a program of lectures, films, individual and group counseling sessions, and inclusion of the partners
Admissions Conferences for Families of Stroke Patients
Authors: Oradei Donna M. , Waite Nancy S.
Published: May 2018

A systematic and efficient method is developed to obtain the basis for psychosocial assessment, discharge planning, and involvement in rehabilitation
Rational Behavior Therapy for Acting-Out Adolescents
Authors: Maultsby Maxie C.
Published: May 2018

Persistent, neurotic emotional conflict is a cause of the behavior whose specific episodes are described as following a six-step sequence
Help for Runaways and Their Parents
Authors: Zastrow Charles , Navarre Ralph
Published: May 2018

A follow-up outcome study evaluates the effectiveness of counseling services that were made available primarily by supervised volunteers at a center
Treatment Issues in Schizophrenia
Authors: Nelsen Judith C.
Published: May 2018

Management of relationship factors, the dynamic enhancement of ego coping, and the reorientation to process factors in family work are discussed
Planned Short-Term Treatment in Developmental Crises
Authors: Rosenberg Blanca N.
Published: May 2018

Opportunely timed brief therapy to families restores their emotional homeostasis and aids ego growth of the individual members
Uncovering the Precipitant in Crisis Intervention
Authors: Hoffman David L. , Remmel Mary L.
Published: May 2018

The staff of a family agency design a treatment method called crisis psychotherapy, describe the process, and examine its value to clients
Dealing with Resistance in Social Work Practice
Authors: Nelsen Judith C.
Published: May 2018

Resistance is a most useful sign of something going awry and that clarification of the relationship or issue is needed if service is to continue
Problems in the Treatment of VIP Clients
Authors: Saari Carolyn , Johnson Stuart R.
Published: May 2018

There may be an identifiable pattern of staff response when a client and his family are seen as differing significantly from the usual population of an agency
The Pacific/Asian Coalition: Origin, Structure, and Program
Authors: Ignacio Lemuel F.
Published: May 2018

Most recently organized of all American ethnic groups, PAC can provide a powerful local, regional, and national voice for these diverse peoples
An Appraisal of Korean Immigrant Service Needs
Authors: Kim Bok-Lim C.
Published: May 2018

The high percentage of professionally trained men and women adds to the problems shared with other ethnic groups
Pacific Islanders–a Perplexed, Neglected Minority
Authors: Munoz Faye Untalan
Published: May 2018

Least known to Americans, Guamanians and Samoans share many cultural similarities with native Hawaiians but lack statehood voting powers and influence
Human Sexuality and Aging
Authors: Long Irene
Published: May 2018

A change of attitude on the part of society would allow the elderly to be more open and honest and grant them the dignity of being whole human beings
An Interagency Service Network to Meet Needs of Rape Victims
Authors: Hardgrove Grace
Published: May 2018

A lack of understanding of the legal definition of rape and lack of social work coordination with other disciplines can result in further harm to the victim
Helping the Elderly Alcoholic
Authors: Duckworth Grace L. , Rosenblatt Adylin
Published: May 2018

The constellation of factors to be dealt with includes not only the physiological effect of years of drinking but also the concomitants of old age
Value Perspectives on Jewish Family Life
Authors: Berman Saul
Published: May 2018

Jewish law has isolated three categories of behavior which embody the fundamental value of interpersonal interaction within the family unit
Public Relations: A State of Mind
Authors: De Loache Wyatte F.
Published: May 2018

Good people, good service, and good work are the essential ingredients of any healthy endeavor, certainly of a voluntary social service agency
Teaching Family Therapy to Social Work Students
Authors: Schulman Gerda L.
Published: May 2018

An approach is described in which the cognitive and the experiential process are interwoven, with emphasis on the use of the live interview observed by students
Facilitating Adaptation in Anticipatory Mourning
Authors: Lebow Grace H.
Published: May 2018

A research study is concerned with the total set of cognitive, affective, cutural, and social reactions to expected death as felt by patient and family
Aspects of Sexual Counseling with the Aged
Authors: Sander Faye
Published: May 2018

Failure to incorporate results of research studies into practice of the helping professions perpetuates the denial of sexuality in the older years
Federalism, Grants-in-Aid, and Social Welfare Policy
Authors: Magill Robert S.
Published: May 2018

Early experience with general revenue sharing shows that city governments have the most to gain while the poor and the powerless have the most to lose
News and Views
Authors: Lacerte Judith
Published: May 2018

If only Jane Addams had been a feminist
The Young Child as Victim of Sibling Attack
Authors: Tooley Kay M.
Published: May 2018

A younger child may be a family's sacrificial lamb bearing the brunt of considerable physical punishment and deflecting such abuse from other family members
Legal and Social Interface in Counseling Homosexual Clients
Authors: Bernstein Barton E.
Published: May 2018

Unique legal problems including the accumulation of realty, personal property, and the contractual problems of insurance and wills are reviewed
Eliminating Sex Discrimination in the Law
Authors: Foster Marion G.
Published: May 2018

If the equal rights amendment is not ratified, corrective legislation would become an alternative road toward sex equality under the law
A Model for Working with Multigenerational Families
Authors: Silverman Alida G. , Kahn Beatrice H. , Anderson Gary
Published: May 2018

The place of older persons in the family structure must be recognized for they are as involved in, and affected by, family dynamics as are younger people
Psychopharmacology and Social Work Skills
Authors: Levine Candace , Dang Jagdish C.
Published: May 2018

A seminar concerned with medication for psychiatric patients enables social workers to carry increased responsibility as true partners in mental health care
Remarriage after Divorce: A Review
Authors: Walker Kenneth N. , Rogers Joy , Messinger Lillian
Published: May 2018

Remarriage is a growing phenomenon for which its members are likely to be poorly prepared, due to inadequate institutionalization of this form of the nuclear family
Homemakers as Change Agents
Authors: Steeno Terrence J. , Moorehead Betty B. , Smits James R.
Published: May 2018

The availability of professional resource persons in a counseling agency, in addition to a supervisor, contributes to effective homemakers service
Resolving Treatment Crises through Peer Consultation
Authors: Becker Martha , Himmelfarb Cynthia
Published: May 2018

A new format involves client and therapist in a dynamic manner, at a time when both realize they have reached an impasse in the treatment process
Grief Therapy to Facilitate Healthy Restitution
Authors: Simos Bertha G.
Published: May 2018

The fear of loss, loss, and separation are beginning to be recognized as important underlying dynamics in much pathology seen in clinical work
Casework Intervention with a Homosexual Adolescent
Authors: Needham Russell
Published: May 2018

Mental health professionals must see the gay client as a person who frequently needs supportive casework in an often hostile, prejudicial environment
Theoretical Considerations of Violent Marriages
Authors: Elbow Margaret
Published: May 2018

Personality characteristics of wife abusers who are termed the controller, the defender, the approval seeker, and the incorporator are described
Current Realities Haunting Advocates of Abused Children
Authors: Elkind James S. , Berson Alma , Edwin David
Published: May 2018

Recommendations are directed toward making the difficult and prolonged efforts of staff working with abusive families more tolerable
From Service to Advocacy to Empowerment
Authors: O'Connell Brian
Published: May 2018

Among the multiple roles held by voluntary agencies, independent advocacy in public matters is the most crucial for functioning in the arena of society's needs
Atypical Children: Perspectives on Parent-Professional Interaction
Authors: Sugarman Betty A.
Published: May 2018

The admission of an emotionally disturbed child to a mental health facility is a time of crisis for parents who may feel confused and defeated as well as relieved. From intake through discharge, the social worker plays a key role as sympathetic advocate for parents and mediator between staff and family.
Single-Couple and Group Sex Therapy: A Comparison
Authors: Adelson Gerald , Peress Elaine
Published: May 2018

Treatment of a sexually dysfunctional couple has usually been done on a single-couple basis. Three couples who suffered from common dysfunctions were selected to join a group led by a male and a female therapist. The advantages and disadvantages of the two approaches for particular couples and problems are compared.
Siblings of Handicapped Children: Identifying those at Risk
Authors: Trevino Fern
Published: May 2018

Families with handicapped children must also be aware of the special needs of their normal children. A child's reaction to a handicapped sibling depends upon the number of other siblings, the relative sex and age, and parental attitudes. Early recognition of potential problems aids the alleviation of their adverse effects.
The Real Experience of Death among Adolescents: An Empirical Study
Authors: Ewalt Patricia L. , Perkins Lola
Published: May 2018

A survey of high school students indicates that adolescents have more experience with death and mourning than has been assumed. School guidance and mental health personnel need to encourage students to discuss and understand their proximity to death, the effects it has on one's feelings, and how best to deal with loss.
The Divorce Group: A New Treatment Modality
Authors: Bonkowski Sara E. , Wanner-Westly Brenda
Published: May 2018

Participation in a group of others with similar concerns is an effective treatment method for people dealing with divorce. This time-limited experience aids understanding and provides needed information and support. Professional leadership facilitates managing the complex interactions of the differing personalities.
Integrating Counseling, Family Life Education, and Family Advocacy
Authors: Ambrosino Salvatore
Published: May 2018

Integrating the three essential components of family service in long-range planning, program development, community outreach, and service delivery multiplies their effectiveness. Case examples show how each offers agencies an approach to a particular public or problem and how the appropriate service or combination is applied.
Assessment in the Life Model: A Historical Perspective
Authors: Peterson K. Jean
Published: May 2018

A historical review of assessment in the life model using the study-diagnosis-treatment paradigm updates this construct by adding ecological theory. Transition to this approach has led to changes in the gathering and conceptualization of information and a broadened perspective of applicable interventions for practice.
On Revisiting Social Work
Authors: Hollis Florence
Published: May 2018

A review of the knowledge expansion in the field emphasizes the need to upgrade education and include clinical options in doctoral programs. It criticizes present unawareness of the roots of many modern ideas in the field and pleads that mutual respect among social workers is a needed precondition for good public standing.
The New M.S.W. Supervisor: Problems of Role Transition
Authors: Abramczyk Lois W.
Published: May 2018

Moving into the role of agency supervisor presents problems in adaptation for newly trained M.S.W. supervisors. This process is examined within a framework of role identification and transition, divesting and investing, and completing transition. Examples of problems that often arise demonstrate the model.
A Short-Term Training Program for Caseworkers in Family Counseling
Authors: Amatea Ellen S. , Munson Priscilla A. , Anderson Linda M. , Rudner Rebecca A.
Published: May 2018

To help train field service caseworkers in a more effective way, an in-service, short-term program was devised. It emphasizes use of videotaped modeling, family simulation, and in vivo tryout using a structured, five-session family counseling model for skill development; overall, the results have been favorable.
The Parents Group: A Therapeutic Tool
Authors: Samit Carol , Nash Kathleen , Meyers Janeen
Published: May 2018

The primary goals of this group for parents of autistic children are education and support, focused on helping the parents assume greater control in managing the daily life of their autistic child, and in attaining the child's highest level of functioning. This includes open discussion of parental concerns with staff members.
People and Ideas in the History of Social Work Practice
Authors: Germain Carel B. , Hartman Ann
Published: May 2018

An examination of the lives and work of four early leaders in social work practice demonstrates two uses of history. First, it can advance the formation of a sense of professional identity, and, second, it can bolster both practitioners' and students' understanding of contemporary tensions in social work practice.
The Impact of Social Change on the Practitioner
Authors: Startz Morton R. , Cohen Helen F.
Published: May 2018

Changing family values and lifestyles can cause uncertainty in diagnosis and demand a greater self-awareness of the worker's personal value system and its effect on treatment. The major areas of change examined here are: sexual values and behavior, the nuclear family and the impact of divorce, and self-actualization.
A Gestalt Approach to Insight-Oriented Treatment
Authors: Scanlon Pauline L.
Published: May 2018

The ways in which this kind of approach can be integrated into a psychodynamic model are demonstrated by a focus on Gestalt theory and differential use of Gestalt techniques. Considerations of diagnostic impressions such as psychotic, borderline, personality disorder, and neurotic are discussed with case illustrations.
The Urban Indian Woman and Her Family
Authors: Hanson Wynne
Published: May 2018

Changing circumstances have created a demand for more active participation of Indian women in all phases of Indian life. Indian women are experiencing often difficult role transitions as they move from the role of homemaker to breadwinner. Case vignettes illustrate the external and internal forces affecting these changes.
Family Dynamics of Incest: A New Perspective
Authors: Dietz Christine A. , Craft John L.
Published: May 2018

A study of protective workers was designed to explore their perceptions of the relationship between incest and other forms of familial abuse and the role of the mother in an incestuous relationship. Overall, the workers believe that there is a lack of literature on and available training for work with incest cases.
Introducing Students to the Treatment of Inner-City Families
Authors: Bryant Carl
Published: May 2018

Students working with inner-city families must modify their ecological models of family treatment to minimize the fears, frustrations, and mutual stereotypes that can occur. Emphasis should be placed on the therapist's stance, assumptions, and style; a case illustration is provided to demonstrate this approach.
Malpractice: Future Shock of the 1980s
Authors: Bernstein Barton E.
Published: May 2018

Once the therapeutic relationship is established, a client acquires certain rights and the social worker certain duties. If these duties are breached due to negligence, and the client is damaged in any way, the social worker may be financially liable, and this may lead to the cause of action called malpractice.
An Interpersonal Resource Exchange Program for Couples
Authors: Cate Rodney M.
Published: May 2018

Clinical application of social exchange concepts has begun in marital and family therapy, but little has been done in using the theory in the development of marital enhancement programs. The program described here uses these social and resource exchange theories to aid couples in enhancing their relationships.
Increasing Access: Outreach Methods in Social Work Practice
Authors: Toseland Ron
Published: May 2018

An important aspect of social work practice is increasing access through effective outreach efforts. This six-step model defines the purpose of the intervention, identifies the barriers and resistances to service delivery, develops a data base, initiates outreach efforts, and evaluates and follows up outreach contacts.
Developmental Phases of Marriage and Marital Therapy
Authors: Startz Morton R. , Evans Claire W.
Published: May 2018

The need for a diagnostic understanding of the marital problem when treating couples is stressed through an examination of the specific developmental phases of marriage as one major aspect in marital difficulty. The theory of ego development and the work of Margaret S. Mahler are applied to therapeutic intervention.
A Training Course for the Volunteer Case Aide
Authors: Freeman Vivian H.
Published: May 2018

By carefully training and supervising volunteers, an agency can expand the services offered to the community, improve the quality of care, and increase the personal attention given to clients. The training program described here is designed to better equip volunteers with the skills and knowledge necessary for case aides.
Toward a Marital Contract: A Model for Marital Counseling
Authors: Armstrong Mary Catherine
Published: May 2018

This model for marital therapy uses systems, developmental, role, and communication theories, together with current knowledge of human sexuality. A marital contract forms the model's final phases of review, evaluation, and termination. Assessment, intervention, and contracting are illustrated by a typical case.
Sexual Abuse of Children: Implications for Practice
Authors: Conte Jon R. , Berliner Lucy
Published: May 2018

Descriptive data on sexually abused children confirm that most children are abused by members or acquaintances of their own families. Social work services for victims should include efforts to protect the child from further abuse, and insure that the child, non-abusing parent, and sex offender receive services.
Using Hispanic Adolescents to Assess Community Needs
Authors: Delgado Melvin
Published: May 2018

A case study of three research efforts demonstrates how Hispanic adolescents were used successfully as research interviewers in a community needs assessment. The setting and process, the facilitating and hindering factors to consider in conducting such research, and the benefits for the adolescents are described.
Evaluating Practice: Science as Faith
Authors: Geismar Ludwig L. , Wood Katherine M.
Published: May 2018

When social work research is viewed within a broad perspective of ideologies, changing technologies, and types of problems to be studied, one reaches the inevitable conclusion that there is no single “right” method and that many approaches are needed to problem solve by means of the scientific method.
Myths and Realities of Crisis Intervention
Authors: Lukton Rosemary Creed
Published: May 2018

Crisis situations can be fully understood only by considering the person-in-crisis situation as an organic whole. By viewing the crisis from as many perspectives as possible, the practitioner can individualize each particular client system while still focusing on the significant aspects of the event causing the crisis.
Day Care as a Setting for Intervention in Family Systems
Authors: Friedman Donna Haig , Friedman Steven
Published: May 2018

A unique opportunity arises in a day care setting for broadening contacts with families who might not seek direct mental health services. When a child's behavior signals that his or her family is in trouble, a worker can often help to facilitate a family systems change that may solve the family's problems.
Handling Extramarital Affairs in Clinical Treatment
Authors: Taibbi Robert
Published: May 2018

How can a therapist assess what the revelation of an extramarital affair means to a specific marital relationship? Guidelines are offered for such evaluation; therapeutic options are presented; and the role of the therapist is defined.
The Experience of Sponsoring a Parents Anonymous Group
Authors: Moore Judith B.
Published: May 2018

Sponsorship offers a unique opportunity for social workers accustomed to working with abusive families. In contrast to the usual clinical role, a sponsor acts as a resource in a peerlike, nondirective relationship with members of the group. The experience can be highly rewarding.
Sexual Freedom: The Right to Say No
Authors: Lindemann Constance
Published: May 2018

Married women have been sexually oppressed by being denied the choice not to have sex. Social work contributes to this oppression. Several issues regarding the functions of sexual behavior are examined and a positive view of sexual abstinence is presented and applied to practice.
Child Support: Emerging Issues for Practice
Authors: Cassetty Judith
Published: May 2018

Providing adequate parental support for children is an increasing problem because of the growth in divorces, single-parent families, and stepfamilies. The dilemmas are complex and difficult. This article explores present solutions and suggests ways of improving them.
Reminiscing: How it Can Help Confused Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Cook Jacqueline B.
Published: May 2018

Reminiscing in a group setting can have a positive effect on the mental functioning of confused elderly persons. A pilot project—designed to interrupt excessive isolation and promote socialization and mental stimulation by capitalizing on remote memory functions—is described.
Original Works of Freud on Women: Social Work References
Authors: Gould Ketayun H.
Published: May 2018

Freud's views on women were widely accepted by the social work profession from the 1920s until recently. A review of the literature shows how Freudian theory was disseminated into social work and why his original writings on women were not critically evaluated.
Social Work Roles and Tasks with Incarcerated Mothers
Authors: Gaudin James M.
Published: May 2018

Incarcerated mothers and their children are a sizeable population at risk. Intervention can prevent or reduce the disabling effects of the sudden, extended separation on mothers, children, and families. A model for practice with inmate mothers is presented.
Contacting Pregnant Adolescents: Are We Missing Cues?
Authors: O'Leary Kathleen M. , Shore Milton F. , Wieder Serena
Published: May 2018

Prenatal reluctance of pregnant adolescents to engage in a mental health services program often dissipates after birth occurs if the reluctance is understood, outreach is sustained, and intervention is tailored to clients. Methods of engaging women in such a program are described.
Helping Husbands who Batter
Authors: Saunders Daniel G.
Published: May 2018

Based on a program developed over several years, this group treatment model seeks to help men end their aggression toward their wives or unmarried partners. It includes assertiveness training, systematic desensitization, cognitive restructuring, and exploring roots of aggression.
Helping Gay AIDS Patients in Crisis
Authors: Lopez Diego J. , Getzel George S.
Published: May 2018

The biopsychosocial consequences of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) particularly affect gay patients both in the community and in hospitals. This article describes a crisis intervention program and uses a case example to show the clinical phases of AIDS as well as the program's intervention strategies and case advocacy.
Adult Psychoeducational Disorders: An Integrated Approach
Authors: Haufrecht Betty , Berger Pinchas C.
Published: May 2018

Older adults have for years endured without remediation the problems stemming from learning dysfunctions. This article describes a program that offers educational therapy within the context of family and individual therapy and illustrates the benefits that accrue when the modalites are interwoven.
Divorce Mediation: The Politics of Integrating Clinicians
Authors: Pruhs Ane , Paulsen Mary Lou , Tysseling William R.
Published: May 2018

The process of divorce mediation offers separating spouses an alternative to battles over child custody and support, without usurping the functions of the legal system. Experiences of a mediation service suggest that some trauma may thus be mitigated for the children involved.
Psychopharmacology: Guidelines for Social Workers
Authors: Matorin Susan , DeChillo Neal
Published: May 2018

The increased use of medication in the treatment of their clients in a variety of settings warrants a general understanding of somatic treatments by social workers. This review covers commonly used drugs and their indications and limitations. Some social work dilemmas are discussed.
The Threat of Separation in Family Conflict
Authors: Argles Paul
Published: May 2018

Separation threats are frequently used in troubled families as a means of controlling or exploiting other family members. Although such threats are often deliberately concealed from the family worker, a knowledge of attachment theory and of the symptoms of anxious attachment will assist in recognition and treatment of such situations.
From Mutual-Aid Self-Help to Professional Service
Authors: Traunstein Donald M.
Published: May 2018

Some mutual-aid self-help organizations develop into professional-bureaucratic human service organizations. The process of transforming them involves important changes in functions. Social workers who become part of the process can learn to work efficiently despite its tensions.
Adolescent Dialysands in Group Therapy
Authors: Walker Lydia
Published: May 2018

Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to the psychological effects of chronic illness and its treatment. Group treatment of girls with renal failure proved to be of therapeutic value in improving self-image and reducing emotional stress.
Reporting Child Abuse and Confidentiality in Counseling
Authors: Butz Randall A.
Published: May 2018

Passage of laws mandating the reporting of child abuse may at times threaten the relationship between client and counselor. Although many clinicians are reluctant to disclose such information, there is a lawful way of meeting requirements with minimal risk to successful treatment.
Theme-Centered Group Work with the Mentally Retarded
Authors: Monfils Michael J.
Published: May 2018

Many mentally retarded persons, in spite of their limitations, can benefit from the theme-centered interactional method of group work. The techniques detailed in this article show how to select such clients and how to initiate and lead such a group in a variety of settings.
Stress-Inoculation Training: Principles and Applications
Authors: Wertkin Robert A.
Published: May 2018

This cognitive-behavioral approach to stress management was applied to determine effective coping strategies for graduate social work program students, direct service social workers, and foster parents. The efficacy of stress-inoculation training was demonstrated in a controlled study with the MSW students.
Treatment Discontinuance: Grounds for Optimism
Authors: Toseland Ronald W.
Published: May 2018

The effects of discontinuance on treatment outcome in a family service agency are examined. Results indicated that many discontinuing clients benefit from treatment, although not as much as continuing clients benefit. Discrepancies between the views of clients and practitioners are discussed.
Every Twelfth Shopper: Who Shoplifts and Why?
Authors: Ray JoAnn
Published: May 2018

The characteristics and motivations of adult shoplifters are documented in a survey of shoppers. Results indicated that shoplifting was related to economic and social stresses, depression, perceived deprivation, and rejection of society's dominant values. Implications for counseling are discussed.
Self Psychology: Implications for Social Work
Authors: Donner Susan
Published: May 2018

Clinical social work's tie with psychoanalytic theory has been a mixed blessing. Self-psychology theory, however, has potential to enhance person-in-environment treatment. The author explains self-psychology theory and discusses ways to integrate it with social work practice.
AIDS: Legal and Ethical Issues
Authors: Ryan Caitlin C. , Rowe Mona J.
Published: May 2018

The AIDS crisis challenges social workers to reaffirm their profession's traditional values of advocacy, community service, respect for differences, and commitment to social change. The authors discuss current and future legal and ethical issues with respect to the AIDS crisis.
Responding to AIDS: Rural Community Strategies
Authors: Rounds Kathleen A.
Published: May 2018

Small towns and rural communities often react with fear and misunderstanding toward persons with AIDS. The author discusses factors that influence how rural communities respond to AIDS and proposes strategies for providing education and care and for influencing policy.
Counseling Needs of Parents of Handicapped Children
Authors: Kratochvil Marianne Spain , Ann Devereux Sally
Published: May 2018

Experts debate whether the bereavement experienced by parents of handicapped children is relatively brief or chronic/periodic. In this study, well-adjusted parents identified periods of recurring grief and indicated the need for ongoing professional services.
Enhancing Mindfulness in Practice Prescriptive Thinking
Authors: Wedenoja Marilyn , Nurius Paula S. , Tripodi Tony
Published: May 2018

The authors focus on the judgment process involved in determining the appropriateness of interventions for client problems and client groups. To enhance specificity, accuracy, and “mindfulness,” the authors offer guidelines for constructing and evaluating practice prescriptions.
Black Battered Women: Practice Issues
Authors: Coley Soraya M. , Beckett Joyce O.
Published: May 2018

Although domestic violence occurs among all racial/ethnic groups, regardless of socioeconomic background, little attention has been paid to black battered women. The authors discuss six culturally sensitive issues in practice with these women and offer suggestions for practice.
Involuntary Aged Clients: Ethical and Treatment Issues
Authors: Burstein Beth
Published: May 2018

Elderly people often reject help despite their apparent suffering. Family members may react to a client's pain or deterioration by imposing change on the elderly person. The author discusses the causes for these phenomena and suggests treatment techniques.
Divorce among Elderly Women: A Growing Social Phenomenon
Authors: Cain Barbara S.
Published: May 2018

This exploratory study highlights key psychosocial dimensions of late-life divorce among elderly women. The author discusses three variables — the mourning process, the aging process, and generational attitudes — that make divorce especially difficult for elderly women.
Ethical Considerations in the Psychosocial Process
Authors: Conrad Ann P.
Published: May 2018

The author presents and discusses the findings of a research study on ethical issues identified by clinical social workers at all phases of the social work process. Results indicate the need for ethical skills in the role-coping repertoire of practitioners and suggest content for training in ethical problem solving.
A Model for Assessment of Incestuous Families
Authors: Orten James D. , Rich Linda L.
Published: May 2018

Factors that characterize effective treatment of incestuous families are highlighted. The authors describe a scale for assessment of these families, designed to aid practitioners in planning and conducting treatment and communicate risk factors and treatment goals to professionals.