bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Disorders With Symptoms Mimicking Rheumatologic Diseases
Authors: Akca Ummusen Kaya , Kiper Pelin Ozlem Simsek , Demir Gizem Urel , Sag Erdal , Atalay Erdal , Utine Gulen Eda , Alikasifoglu Mehmet , Boduroglu Koray , Bilginer Yelda , Özen Seza
Published: August 2020

BackgroundMusculoskeletal symptoms may be due to non-inflammatory causes including genetic disorders. We aimed to examine the final genetic diagnosis in patients who had presented with musculoskeletal complaints to rheumatology department.MethodsPatients presenting to the department of pediatric rheumatology and consulted to the genetic department between January 2015 and May 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. ResultsA total of 60 patients, 19 boys (31.66%), with a mean age 12.46 ± 1.41 years were included in the study. Total consanguinity rate was 25%. The most common (29.5%) cause of referral to the genetic department was the presence of skeletal anomalies (such as camptodactyly, clinodactyly, and short stature) with accompanying joint findings. Approximately one third of the patients (n: 19) were diagnosed and followed up by the genetic department. The diagnoses of patients were as follows; CACP syndrome (n:3), trichorhinophalangeal syndrome (n:1), progressive pseudoromatoid dysplasia (n:2), LIG4 syndrome (n:1), H syndrome (n:1), SPENCD syndrome (n:3), and nonspecific connective tissue disease (n:8).ConclusionsIn the differential diagnosis of patients who are referred to the department of pediatric rheumatology with complaints of the musculoskeletal system, genetic disorders should also be taken into consideration.Clinical Trial Registration: Hacettepe University Ethics Commission (Approval number: GO 19/781)
An Improving Way For Website Security Assessment
Authors: Nguyen Thai Duc , Nguyen Hieu Huu
Published: August 2020

Nowadays, the Internet plays a crucial role in our society. AmongInternet services, web-based services are very popular thatbecome the target of security attacks. Hence, securing websitesand connection to the users is important. If we own or manage awebsite, we certainly concern about how secure it is. Forassessing the security level of a website, we usually take someaction, including testing the website using security scanningtools. Unfortunately, most of scanning tools have limitations andneed to be updated frequently for new vulnerabilities. Using onlyone scanning tool is sometime not enough to determine securitylevel of a website. In this paper we propose a frameworksupporting website security assessment. The idea of thisframework is to integrate different scanning tools into theframework. We then write a program to implement thisframework with a real website. We guide the users how to add anew scanning tool to this framework, manage it and generate afinal report.
Effects of lingonberry extract on the antioxidant capacity of meat paste
Authors: Bazhenova Bayana , Zhamsaranova Sesegma , Zabalueva Yuliya , Gerasimov Alexander , Zambulaeva Natalya
Published: August 2020

Introduction. Modern meat scientists are currently interested in combining meat raw materials with plant ingredients to enrich products with biologically active substances of natural origin, including antioxidants. In this regard, we studied the antioxidant capacity of a dry lingonberry marc extract introduced into meat paste and analyzed its effects on the product’s color and stability during storage. Study objects and methods. Our objects of study were a dry lingonberry marc extract originating in the Republic of Buryatia, forcemeat, and a ready-made paste in a casing. The extract was obtained by water-alcohol extraction using microwave irradiation. We investigated the physicochemical characteristics of the dry extract, including its contents of phenolic compounds, benzoic acid, and antioxidants. Results and discussion. During the experiment, we analyzed the extract’s effect on the paste’s total antioxidant capacity, coloring, and shelf life. The results showed that increasing the extract’s amount from 0.1% to 0.4% changed the color of the paste from gray-brown to purple-brown, respectively, due to anthocyanins. In further tests, we used a 0.2% concentration of lingonberry extract – the optimal amount that retained the usual brown color of the paste while increasing the content of antioxidant substances. Then, we analyzed the degree of fat oxidation in the paste samples made with and without sodium lactate during storage. According to the results, the lingonberry marc extract used without the acidity regulator and with it inhibited lipid oxidation by 12.7% and 20%, respectively, by neutralizing free radicals. Finally, we tested the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the end products. We detected no E. coli bacteria in the samples and found an inhibited growth of mesophilic anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms due to the extract’s bactericidal effect established in Our earlier studies. Conclusion. Thus, our results indicated that the dry lingonberry marc extract introduced into meat paste increased the product’s total antioxidant capacity and improved its stability during storage.
Functioning of the multilinear lag-cascade flood routing model as a means of transporting pollutants in the river
Authors: Chabokpour Jafar , Chaplot Barkha , Dasineh Mehdi , Ghaderi Amir , Azamathulla Hazi Md
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this paper is to use the application of the multilinear lag cascade model as a contaminant transport model through river networks. Monocacy River and Antietam Creek data, which were collected by USGS with different reach lengths and discharge conditions, have been used in the current study. It was found that the multilinear discrete lag-cascade (MDLC) model is capable of reconstructing contaminant breakthrough curves. A complete study was performed to estimate the reach length for use in the accurate simulation, and it was concluded that by assuming a uniform flow through the reach, the length unit should be obtained by applying Pe = 12. Moreover, by using temporal moment matching, explicit relationships for MDLC model parameters (k, n, and τ) and based on conventional advection-dispersion equation (ADE) parameters (D, u, x) were extracted. MDLC parameters of the field breakthrough curves were extracted, and it was found that the increase of Pe number caused an increase in delay time and the number of cascades. However, the residence time was obtained to be fixed. Additionally, by assuming the dispersivity parameter (D/u) is constant, the changes in the MDLC parameters were investigated by velocity variation, and new relationships were proposed to estimate the parameters under different hydraulic conditions. Using presented equations provided in this study for residence time (k), cascade number (n), and delay time (τ), the sensitivity analysis was performed, and it was found that the parameters of velocity (u), dispersion coefficient (D), and velocity (u) have the most important effect in calculation of them, respectively.
The Mechanisms of Action of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Nociceptive and Neuropathic Pathways in Cancer Pain
Authors: Reyes-Long Samuel , Alfaro-Rodríguez Alfonso , Cortes-Altamirano Jose Luis , Lara-Padilla Eleazar , Herrera-Maria Elizabeth , Romero-Morelos Pablo , Salcedo Mauricio , Bandala Cindy
Published: August 2020

Background:

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is widely employed for cosmetic purposes
and in the treatment of certain diseases such as strabismus, hemifacial spasm and focal
dystonia among others. BoNT-A effect mainly acts at the muscular level by inhibiting the release
of acetylcholine at presynaptic levels consequently blocking the action potential in the neuromuscular
junction. Despite the great progress in approval and pharmaceutical usage, improvement in
displacing BoNT-A to other pathologies has remained very limited. Patients under diagnosis of
several types of cancer experience pain in a myriad of ways; it can be experienced as hyperalgesia
or allodynia, and the severity of the pain depends, to some degree, on the place where the tumor is
located. Pain relief in patients diagnosed with cancer is not always optimal, and as the disease progresses,
transition to more aggressive drugs, like opioids is sometimes unavoidable. In recent years
BoNT-A employment in cancer has been explored, as well as an antinociceptive drug; experiments
in neuropathic, inflammatory and acute pain have been carried out in animal models and humans.
Although its mechanism has not been fully known, evidence has shown that BoNT-A inhibits the
secretion of pain mediators (substance P, Glutamate, and calcitonin gene related protein) from the
nerve endings and dorsal root ganglion, impacting directly on the nociceptive transmission through
the anterolateral and trigeminothalamic systems.

Aim:

The study aimed to collect available literature regarding molecular, physiological and neurobiological
evidence of BoNT-A in cancer patients suffering from acute, neuropathic and inflammatory
pain in order to identify possible mechanisms of action in which the BoNT-A could impact
positively in pain treatment.

Conclusion:

BoNT-A could be an important neo-adjuvant and coadjuvant in the treatment of several
types of cancer, to diminish pro-tumor activity and secondary pain.
Withdrawal Notice: Recent Discovery for Inhibitors Targeting in SARS-CoV-2 and Developed anti-NCP
Authors: Faheem Mohd. , Singh Vinay K.
Published: August 2020

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors and editor of the journal Mini Reviews in Medicinal
Chemistry; due to incoherent content.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

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Bentonite Catalyzed an Efficient and Green Synthesis of Arylidene Meldrum's Acid Derivatives in Aqueous Media
Authors: Yahyazadehfar Mahdieh , Ahmadi Sayed Ali , Sheikhhosseini Enayatollah , Ghazanfari Dadkhoda
Published: August 2020

In the present paper, a simple, highly efficient, and environmentally friendly protocol was proposed for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction of aromatic aldehydes using Meldrum’s acid (2,2-dimethyl-4,6-dioxo-1,3-dioxane) with bentonite as an available non-toxic mineral catalyst exposed to aqueous media under green conditions. Together with the substitution protocol of electron-donating or -withdrawing groups, all reactions were finalized from 5 to 120 min in water at 90°C. With regard to such reactions, the purification of columns on products was not a requirement. Considering the environmental aspect, use of water as a green solvent, utilization of a reusable catalyst, simple work-up process and steps, as well as rapid reaction times were taken into account as some characteristics of these chemical reactions.
Use of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2-Inhibitors (SGLT2-Is) and Risk of Lower Limb Amputation
Authors: Werkman Nikki C.C. , Nielen Johannes T.H. , van den Bergh Joop P.W. , Ejskjaer Niels , Røikjer Johan , Schaper Nicolaas C. , Rossi Bernardette , Klungel Olaf , Vestergaard Peter , de Vries Frank , Driessen Johanna H.M.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Treatment with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2-inhibitors (SGLT2-Is), such as
canagliflozin, has been associated with an increased risk of lower limb amputations (LLAs) in type 2
diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, conflicting results have been reported for different SGLT2-Is and
the underlying mechanism is unclear.

Objective:

To investigate the risk of LLA and diabetic foot ulcer with SGLT2-I use compared to other
anti-diabetic drugs and to explore hypovolemia as a potential underlying mechanism.

Methods:

A cohort study was conducted using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD
(2013-2019). The study population (N=51,847) consisted of T2DM patients over 18 years of age with at least
one prescription of a non-insulin anti-diabetic drug. Concomitant diuretic use and the presence of signs of
hypovolemia were determined to assess the potential underlying mechanism. Cox proportional hazard models
were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for LLA in current SGLT2-I use versus current sulphonylurea
(SU) use. Analyses were adjusted for lifestyle variables, comorbidities, and concomitant drug use.

Results:

Current SGLT2-I use was not associated with an increased risk of LLA compared to current SU
use (fully adjusted HR 0.70; 95% confidence interval 0.38-1.29). Concomitant use of diuretics and the
presence of signs of hypovolemia were not associated with an increased risk of LLA.

Conclusion:

Use of SGLT2-Is, with or without signs of hypovolemia, was not associated with an increased
risk of LLA or DFU versus current SU use. Future studies powered to detect potential differences
between individual SGLT2-Is are required to rule out a canagliflozin-specific effect..
Botanical Therapeutics (Part II): Antimicrobial and In Vitro Anticancer Activity against MCF7 Human Breast Cancer Cells of Chamomile, Parsley and Celery Alcoholic Extracts
Authors: Danciu Corina , Cioanca Oana , Watz (Farcaș) Claudia , Hancianu Monica , Racoviceanu Roxana , Muntean Delia , Zupko Istvan , Oprean Camelia , Tatu Calin , Paunescu Virgil , Proks Maria , Diaconeasa Zorita , Soica Codruta , Pinzaru Iulia , Dehelean Cristina
Published: August 2020

Background:

This study was designed as a continuation of a complex investigation about the phytochemical
composition and biological activity of chamomile, parsley, and celery extracts against A375 human
melanoma and dendritic cells.

Objective:

The main aim was the evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of selected extracts as well as the in
vitro anticancer activity against MCF7 human breast cancer cells.

Methods:

In order to complete the picture regarding the phytochemical composition, molecular fingerprint was
sketched out by the help of FTIR spectroscopy. The activity of two enzymes (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase)
after incubation with the three extracts was spectrophotometrically assessed. The antimicrobial
potential was evaluated by disk diffusion method. The in vitro anticancer potential against MCF7 human breast
cancer cells was appraised by MTT, LDH, wound healing, cell cycle, DAPI, Annexin-V-PI assays.

Results:

The results showed variations between the investigated extracts in terms of inhibitory activity against
enzymes, such as acetyl- and butyrilcholinesterase. Chamomile and parsley extracts were active only against
tested Gram-positive cocci, while all tested extracts displayed antifungal effects. Among the screened samples at
the highest tested concentration, namely 60μg/mL, parsley was the most active extract in terms of reducing the
viability of MCF7 - human breast adenocarcinoma cell line and inducing the release of lactate dehydrogenase.
On the other hand, chamomile and celery extracts manifested potent anti-migratory effects. Furthermore, celery
extract was the most active in terms of total apoptotic events, while chamomile extract induced the highest necrosis
rate.

Conclusion:

The screened samples containing phytochemicals belonging in majority to the class of flavonoids
and polyphenols can represent candidates for antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
Revised Lewis Bending Stress Capacity Model
Authors: Osakue Edward. E. , Anetor Lucky
Published: August 2020

Background:

During operation, cylindrical gearset experiences tangential, radial, and axial (helical gears only) force components that induce bending, compressive, and shear stresses at the root area of the gear tooth. Accurate estimation of the effective bending stress at the gear root is a challenge. Lewis was the first person who attempted estimating the root bending stress of spur gears with some reasonable accuracy. Various gear standards and codes in use today are modifications and improvements of the Lewis model.

Objective:

This research aims at revising the Lewis model by making adjustments for dynamic loads, shear stresses, axial bending stress for helical gears, and stress concentration factor that is independent on the moment arm of tangential or axial force component.

Methods:

An analytical approach is used in formulating a modified formula for the root bending stress in cylindrical gears starting with the original Lewis model. Intermediate expressions are developed in the process and works from many previous authors are reviewed and summarized. The new model developed is used to estimate the root bending stress in four example gearsets of 0o to 41.41o helix angle and the results are compared with those of AGMA (American Gear Manufacturers Association) formula.

Results:

Analysis from the examples shows that neglecting the radial compressive stress over-estimated the root bending stress by 5.27% on average. When shear stresses are ignored, the root bending stress is under-estimated by 7.49% on average. It is important, therefore, to account for both compressive and shear stresses in cylindrical gear root bending stress. When the root bending stress estimates from the revised Lewis model were compared with AGMA results, deviations in the range of -4.86% to 26.61% were observed. The stress estimates from the revised Lewis formulae were mostly higher than those of AGMA.

Conclusion:

The new root bending stress model uses stress concentration factors (normal and shear) that are independent of the point of load application on the gear tooth. This decoupling of stress concentration factor from the load moment arm distinguishes the new model from AGMA formula and brings bending stress analysis in gear design in line with classical bending stress analysis of straight and curved beams. The model can be used for both normal contact ratio and high contact ratio cylindrical gears.
Organocatalyzed Heterocyclic Transformations In Green Media: A Review
Authors: Demirbas Neslihan , Demirbas Ahmet
Published: August 2020

Background:

Since the discovery of metal-free catalysts or organocatalysts about twenty years ago, a number of small molecules with different structures have been used to accelerate organic transformations. With the development of environmental awareness, to obtain highly efficient scaffolds, scientists have directed their studies towards synthetic methodologies that minimize or preferably eliminate the formation of waste, avoid toxic solvents and reagents and use renewable starting materials as far as possible.

Methods:

In this connection, the organocatalytic reactions providing efficiency and selectivity for most of the transformations have become an endless topic in organic chemistry since several advantages from both practical and environmental standpoints. Organocatalysts contributing to the transformation of reactants into products with the least possible waste production, have been serving the concept of green chemistry.

Results and Conclusion:

Organocatalysts have been classified based on their binding capacity to the substrate with covalent or noncovalent interactions involving hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction. Diverse types of small organic compounds including proline and its derivatives, phase-transfer catalysts, (thio)urease, phosphoric acids, sulfones, N-oxides, guanidines, cinchona derivatives, aminoindanol, and amino acids have been utilized as hydrogen bonding organocatalysts in different chemical transformations.
Ética na vida, nas profissões e nas organizações: reflexões para debate nos diversos cursos universitários e politécnicos
Authors: Satur Roberto Vilmar , Silva Armando Malheiro da
Published: August 2020

This paper aims at dealing with ethics and its applicability to the conduct of daily life in organizations and in the profession. It constructs the definition of ethics, ethics on a daily basis, ethics and codes of conduct for organizations and ethics in the profession. It ends by questioning the role of being a professional and why having a profession. It approaches ethics in accordance with the new moment we live in the infosphere and the behavioral changes of beings increasingly affected by technologies. It aims to lead the reader, both as a citizen and as a professional, to reflect on their behavior and conduct nowadays and calls for more ethical conduct. It is a theoretical, reflective, applicable and qualitative study. It concludes that professions emerge, evolve and disappear with the evolution of society, production methods and technologies. Another conclusion raised from this study is that conduct and behavior change as society and culture evolve, but ethics persist. Researchers concluded through this study that it is possible for people, both in the staff and in the professional field, to have ethical conduct and be prosperous in times when technology and infosphere prevail.
Jornalismo Desportivo: A Hierarquia das Modalidades – Análise dos jornais O Jogo, A Bola e Record
Authors: Silva Maria João Marinho da
Published: August 2020

This study reviews how the three main Portuguese sports newspapers - O Jogo, A Bola and Record – rank sports and its modalities in the journalistic coverage. The main purpose is to understand how the Portuguese culture context influences the coverage and the primacy of football when compared to the other sports, but also the impact that geographic proximity has on the development of Sports Journalism. In order to achieve this purpose, it was carried out a daily analysis of O Jogo, A Bola and Record from May 11th to May 17th. Results confirm that football still is the main focus of Sports Journalism, but also show that FC Porto, SL Benfica and Sporting CP are the most covered football clubs. This study reflects the need of more diverse coverage in the Portuguese context, but also the influence that sports have in the Portuguese culture and in the Portuguese media/journalistic environment.
A "Divina Comédia" e Petrus Alfonsi Hispanus O.P.: Outro Português Notável na Idade Média?
Authors: Mendes Fernanda Pereira
Published: August 2020

This article points out the need to re-think Pedro Hispano's identity in the Divina Commedia, identified by the literary critic with the Portuguese Pope John XXI, who would be the only pontiff placed by Dante in Paradise. Neither the text of the poem nor the contemporary comments of Dante (14th century) allow such identification and, according torecent research carried out by Iberian scholars, the Pedro Hispano referred by Dante, for being the author of the «doze livrinhos» -a clear reference to the famous manual of logic Tractatusor SummulaeLogicales-, must be identified with a member of theDominican order. Based on the review of this bibliography, and adopting an interdisciplinary point of view, we now propose the possibility of identifying the author of the aforementioned work with the Portuguese Dominican friar Petrus Alfonsi Hispanus.
Do feminino da "Queste del Saint Graal" e na "Demanda do Santo Graal"
Authors: Rabaçal Eduarda
Published: August 2020

The different versions of the narrative that tells the quest forthe Grail by Galaaz, the chosen knight, namely the text that belongs tothe Pseudo-Boron cycle − Demanda do Santo Graal− and the Queste del Saint GraalVulgata, thatscholars claimto have origin in a primitive Queste, present identical narrative moments in which the differences between versions seem to followthe ideological project of each writing. In this context, we seek to analyze the role of the female characters in the initial part of the Queste del Saint GraalVulgata and the Portuguese Demanda do Santo Graal, in an attempt to clarify, on the one hand, the role played by these characters and,on the other, to assess the greater or lesser proximity of each of the versions to the primitive Queste.
Post Scriptum a «Catábase virgiliana nos sonhos de Lancelote»
Authors: Miranda José Carlos Ribeiro
Published: August 2020

Sofia Teixeira’s article in the present issue of Guarecer addresses Lancelot’s dreams in Demanda do Santo Graal. The analysis provides elements that lead to the conclusion that the Aeneid, especially chapter VI, is one of the romance sources. Since the same association cannot be corroborated in the French Queste del Saint Graalversion of the dreams, the connectionbetween the Portuguese and French works must be reasserted on new bases. Two main possibilities arise: either both oeuvres derive from an older, distinct work, which already contained the elements pertaining to the Aeneid–a text whose wide influence during this period is acknowledged –, in which case the French text certainly omitted all those elements; or the Virgilian motifs were not in the former text and must have been adjoined by the writer of the Pseudo-Boron cycle, which leads to rethink the wholeplan behind it.
Теплопроводность водонефтяных эмульсий обратного типа
Authors: Кучеров В.Г.
Published: August 2020

Предложена корреляционная зависимость коэффициента теплопроводности бинарных дисперсных систем от их композиционного состава. Представлены результаты измерения коэффициента теплопроводности водонефтяных эмульсий обратного типа при давлении до 20 MPa в диапазоне температур 293-353 K при изменении объемного содержания воды в эмульсии до 50%. Полученная корреляционная зависимость пригодна для определения коэффициента теплопроводности эмульсий "вода-в-нефти" в широком диапазоне изменения содержания воды и термобарических параметров. Ключевые слова: нефти, водонефтяные эмульсии обратного типа, коэффициент теплопроводности, температура, давление.
Исследования начальной фазы искрового разряда в воздухе в промежутке острие (катод)-плоскость методом лазерного зондирования
Authors: Тренькин А.А. , Алмазова К.И. , Белоногов А.Н. , Боровков В.В. , Горелов Е.В. , Морозов И.В. , Харитонов С.Ю.
Published: August 2020

С использованием метода лазерного зондирования исследован искровой разряд в промежутке острие (катод)-плоскость длиной 1.5 mm в интервале времени от момента пробоя до 200 ns. Установлено, что разряд развивается в виде пучка микроканалов. Определена динамика пространственной структуры разряда, концентрации электронов, температуры газа в канале и скорости его радиального расширения. Ключевые слова: искровой разряд, микроструктура, интерферометрия, концентрация электронов.
Особенности распределения неоднородного электростатического поля в системе с изменяемой конфигурацией электродов устройства, формирующего высоковольтный газовый разряд
Authors: Маркушин М.А. , Колпаков В.А. , Кричевский С.В.
Published: August 2020

Предложена модель распределения неоднородного электростатического поля в системе с изменяемой конфигурацией электродов устройства, формирующего высоковольтный газовый разряд. Показана возможность применения метода конформного отображения функции комплексной переменной для аналитического описания характера распределения силовых линий и эквипотенциалей поля, зависящего от диаметра круглого отверстия в аноде, его толщины и межэлектродного расстояния, изменяющихся в пределах D = 1-5 mm, Delta h = 0.5-5 mm, h = 1.2-5 mm соответственно. Получены расчетные изображения электрического поля, позволяющие определить их связь с электрофизическими параметрами электродной системы устройства. На основе полученных результатов расчета дополняются и уточняются обширные экспериментальные данные, касающиеся исследования особенностей такого разряда. Ключевые слова: низкотемпературная плазма, высоковольтный газовый разряд, конформное отображение, электростатическое поле, концентрация заряженных частиц.
Пространственные характеристики сверхпроводников и 3D-холловский микроскоп для их исследования
Authors: Ростами Х.Р.
Published: August 2020

На основе преобразователей Холла разработан растровый микроскоп с площадью обзора 5x5 mm и с его помощью с высокими пространственным разрешением и чувствительностью измерена топология магнитного поля B(X,Y,Z) на поверхности и вокруг образцов YBa2Cu3O7-x и Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x без применения формул электродинамики. Дифференциальная методика с фиксацией начала и конца перемещения датчика обеспечивала точность сканирования по осям XY,Z ~10 и ~1 μm соответственно в грубом и плавном диапазонах. Максимальный размер перемещения по оси Z составлял 25 mm. Для устранения ошибок измерения нормированные распределения B(Z)/Bmax(0) были экстраполированы к оси ординат, смещенной по оси Z на величину зазора между поверхностью образца и преобразователем Холла. Ключевые слова: 3D-холловский микроскоп, ВТСП, двойникование, преобразователь Холла.
Нелинейные акустические эффекты в поликристаллических твердых телах с дислокациями
Authors: Назаров В.Е.
Published: August 2020

В рамках модифицированной линейной части дислокационной теории поглощения Гранато-Люкке получено уравнение состояния для поликристаллических твердых тел с дислокационной диссипативной и реактивной акустической нелинейностью. Проведено теоретическое исследование нелинейных эффектов, связанных с влиянием статической нагрузки и мощной низкочастотной стоячей упругой волны в стержневом резонаторе на распространение слабой (пробной) волны, а также эффектов самовоздействия интенсивной бегущей волны и генерации ее третьей гармоники. Ключевые слова: поликристаллы, дислокационная теория поглощения, диссипативная и реактивная нелинейности, упругие волны.
Плазмодинамический синтез нанокристаллического WC-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=- и влияние соотношения прекурсоров на структуру продукта
Authors: Сивков А.А. , Шаненков И.И. , Шаненкова Ю.Л. , Рахматуллин И.А. , Ивашутенко А.С. , Никитин Д.С. , Насырбаев А.Р.
Published: August 2020

Представлены результаты плазмодинамического синтеза нанокристаллического кубического карбида вольфрама, полученного с помощью системы на основе коаксиального магнитоплазменного ускорителя. Установлено, что для достижения максимального выхода уникальной кубической фазы карбида вольфрама γ-WC1-x (до 95%) необходимо обеспечивать атомарное соотношение прекурсоров C/W около 2.5. Проведен анализ синтезированных материалов методом просвечивающий электронной микроскопии для оценки особенностей формирования структуры нанокристаллических частиц в зависимости от степени закладки углерода и вольфрама. Установлено, что в системе формируются частицы со структурой "ядро-оболочка", причем с увеличением количества углерода в смеси исходных компонентов растет толщина этих оболочек. Ключевые слова: коаксиальный магнитоплазменный ускоритель, кубический карбид вольфрама, структура "ядро-оболочка".
Одномодовый световод W-типа, устойчивый к изгибу и радиации
Authors: Ероньян М.А. , Кулеш А.Ю. , Реуцкий А.А. , Деветьяров Д.Р. , Никитин И.С. , Унтилов А.А. , Волынский Д.В. , Овчинникова И.А , Чаморовский Ю.К. , Печенкин А.А.
Published: August 2020

Установлено, что одномодовые фторсиликатные волоконные световоды, изготавливаемые модифицированным методом химического парофазного осаждения, резко снижают радиационную стойкость при введении в сердцевину из кварцевого стекла 1 mol.% GeO2. Устранением примесей хлора и OH-групп из кварцевого стекла сердцевины фторсиликатного одномодового волоконного световода достигнут низкий уровень радиационно-наведенных оптических потерь. Затухание волоконного световода до радиационной обработки равно 0.18 и 0.3 dB/km на длине волны 1.55 и 1.31 μm соответственно. Исследована зависимость оптических потерь таких световодов от диаметра их изгиба в диапазоне 6-12 mm. Ключевые слова: MCVD-метод, одномодовые световоды, фторсиликатная оболочка, оптические потери, радиационная стойкость.
Challenges in Acceptance and Compliance in Digital Health Assessments During Pregnancy: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Brusniak Katharina , Arndt Hannah Maria , Feisst Manuel , Haßdenteufel Kathrin , Matthies Lina Maria , Deutsch Thomas Maximilian , Hudalla Hannes , Abele Harald , Wallwiener Markus , Wallwiener Stephanie
Published: August 2020

Background

Pregnant women are increasingly using mobile apps to access health information during the antenatal period. Therefore, digital health solutions can potentially be used as monitoring instruments during pregnancy. However, a main factor of success is high user engagement.

Objective

The aim of this study was to analyze engagement and factors influencing compliance in a longitudinal study targeting pregnant women using a digital health app with self-tracking.

Methods

Digitally collected data concerning demographics, medical history, technical aspects, and mental health from 585 pregnant women were analyzed. Patients filling out ≥80% of items at every study visit were considered to be highly compliant. Factors associated with high compliance were identified using logistic regression. The effect of a change in mental and physical well-being on compliance was assessed using a one-sample t test.

Results

Only 25% of patients could be considered compliant. Overall, 63% left at least one visit blank. Influential variables for higher engagement included higher education, higher income, private health insurance, nonsmoking, and German origin. There was no relationship between a change in the number of physical complaints or depressive symptoms and study dropout.

Conclusions

Maintaining high engagement with digital monitoring devices over a long time remains challenging. As cultural and socioeconomic background factors had the strongest influence, more effort needs to be directed toward understanding the needs of patients from different demographic backgrounds to ensure high-quality care for all patients. More studies need to report on compliance to disclose potential demographic bias.
Examining Convergence Clubs in Chinese Provinces (1952-2017): New Findings from the Simplified Clustering Convergence Test
Authors: Wu Ming-Lu
Published: August 2020

This paper empirically investigates the convergence clustering in 31 Chinese provinces regarding the popular and important economic indicator of GDP per capita over the period 1952-2017. Using the club convergence and clustering procedure of Phillips and Sul (2007) with necessary simplifications, a few provincial clusters are identified. It is clearly verified as expected that the Chinese provincial GDP per capita series contain significant nonlinear components. It is found that there are two or three convergence clubs depending on different starting years or initial conditions, and the clustering results are somewhat stable with respect to different starting years. The results can help local and central governments to select appropriate growth promotion strategies for different groups of provinces in general and, due to the evidence that GDP per capita in China heavily inclines to a few major provinces (such as Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Jiangsu and Zhejiang), can also help provide useful information to relevant authorities to fight against the increasing income inequality across provinces in particular.
Register Variation in Chinese English and Language Variation between Chinese English and American English: A Case Study of Perhaps and Maybe
Authors: Xia Yun , Li Qian
Published: August 2020

The study aims to explore the register variation in Chinese English and language variation between Chinese English and American English. A corpus-based and comparative methodology was used to analyse the discourse features of Chinese English in the use of the lexical items perhaps and maybe. The major findings of the study can be stated as follows: 1) the more formal word perhaps is used more frequently than the informal word maybe in all the four genres in Chinese English. This shows that the text of Chinese English is generally in a more formal style. 2) In the Chinese English text, the ratios of the standard frequency of perhaps to maybe are greater than those in American English in the all the four genres. This indicates that the text in Chinese English is generally in a more formal style than that in American English. 3) In the Chinese English text, the informal word maybe is used less frequently than in the American English text. This is a sign that Chinese English is more formal than American English.
O LUGAR DO DESENHO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: INVESTIGANDO AS PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS
Authors: Nicolodi Thalita , Mesomo Lira Aliandra Cristina
Published: August 2020

O artigo tem o objetivo problematizar as práticas pedagógicas que incluem o desenho na Educação Infantil. As discussões apresentadas apoiam-se em autores como Vygostky (2009), Kishimoto (2001), Iavelberg (2013) e Derdyk (2015), dentre outros. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de observações de práticas e registro em diário de campo em um Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil (CMEI) de uma cidade de médio porte no interior do Paraná, em turmas de crianças na faixa etária de 2 a 4 anos de idade. Foi possível reconhecer que o desenho tem uma existência empobrecida no cotidiano das práticas pedagógicas e que as crianças têm pouca participação no processo de criação, configurando-se como uma ação com pouco significado para o desenvolvimento das crianças pela forma como é proposta e desenvolvida.
O IDEÁRIO REPUBLICANO E A CONSOLIDAÇÃO DA ESCOLA NORMAL EM SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Sganderla Ana Paola , Carvalho de Carvalho Diana
Published: August 2020

Este artigo tem como foco as aspirações de ordem e conformação na formação de professores nos anos finais da monarquia e no início da República, a partir da análise de discursos dos governadores do Estado de Santa Catarina e na legislação educacional referente à Escola Normal. As iniciativas para a instituição da Escola Normal são anteriores à República, onde já observam o direcionamento das questões morais, da adequação de comportamentos e dos cuidados de saúde e higiene, bem como a preocupação com a causa educacional para formação do povo catarinense, mesmo com as descontinuidades que teve o curso de formação. No regime republicano, por sua vez, foram centrais a ideias de mudança de hábitos da população, principalmente, sobre a formação de uma nova mentalidade dos professores que poderiam ser os agentes responsáveis pela conformação da população às questões morais que os dirigentes consideravam necessárias à República.
NUEVOS REGISTROS DE LA MARTUCHA Potos flavus (PROCYONIDAE) EN LAS TIERRAS BAJAS DE TABASCO, MÉXICO
Authors: Hernández-Guzmán Javier
Published: August 2020

ResumenSe reportan tres nuevos avistamientos de la martucha (Potos flavus), en el Municipio de Comalcalco, Tabasco. Se registró a una hembra y un macho en un agroecosistema de cacao (Theobroma cacao) de la localidad de Sargento López 3ª sección y un macho en la ciudad de Tecolutilla. Con estos registros e información bibliográfica se hizo un mapa de la distribución de la especie en el Tabasco. Además, se reporta el uso de las martuchas como alimento y mascota. Esta información es útil para la conservación para la especie en el estado, considerando que se encuentra bajo un estatus de protección especial por la norma oficial mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2018.Palabras clave: Comalcalco, martucha, México, nuevo registro, Potos flavus, Procyonidae, Tabasco.AbstractThree new sightings of the Martucha (Potos flavus) are reported in the Municipality of Comalcalco, Tabasco. A female and a male were registered in a cocoa agroecosystem (Theobroma cacao) in the town of Sargento López, 3rd. section and a male in the city of Tecolutilla. With these records and bibliographic information, a map of the distribution of the species in Tabasco was made. In addition, the use of hammerheads as food and pet is reported. This information is useful for conservation for the species in the state, considering that it is under a special protection status by the official Mexican standard NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2018.Key words: Comalcalco, martucha, Mexico, new record, Potos flavus, Procyonidae, Tabasco.
Mandujano, S. y Pérez-Solano, L. A. (Eds.) 2019. Fototrampeo en R: Organización y Análisis de Datos. Volumen I. Instituto de Ecología A.C. Xalapa, Ver., 248 pp. [ISBN: 978-607-7579-90-8]
Authors: López-Téllez Ma. Concepción López-Téllez
Published: August 2020

Reseña del libro: Fototrampeo en R: Organización y Análisis de Datos. Volumen I. (Mandujano, S. y L.A. Pérez-Solano, eds.)
EKSEKUSI NAFKAH PERCERAIAN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA KOTA MALANG
Authors: Widyakso Rendra
Published: August 2020

This article aims to answer to important questions in legal studies that how to implement the legal execution of earning the expenses caused by divorce based on Indonesian law? And, how do the perspective of Islamic legal schools deal with the execution? There are numbers of scholarly journals studying this specific issue. However, the preliminary study that specifically focuses on the Legal Verdict of the Religious Court of Malang No. 0957/Pdt.G/2014/PA.MLG is offered by this article. It finds that legally, the judge has authority to order the ex-husband to pay the expences of the divorce compensation (mut’ah), financial responsibility due to divorce (iddah) and financial claim (madiyah) and financial childcare (hadhanah) before the divorce pledge is pronounced. If the expences cannot be paid, the ex-wife has right to purpose the legal execution to the court. Due to the purpose the chief of justice is responsible for and has authority to remind the ex-husband (aanmaning) and doing the legal execution if he disrespectly avoided the court’s order. The concept of legal expenses due to divorce is ruled by the fiqh of Islamic legal schools, in spite of the fact that the details of execution remain no any explanation. This article argues that the execution has been done referring to the law. It purposes to fulfil justice, expediency and rule of law. Furthermore, these purposes are the beginning step in order to achieve the public order (mashlahah) and the higher objective of Islamic law (maqashid al-syari’ah).
Persepsi Pekerja Wanita sebagai Pedagang dalam Tinjauan Hukum Islam (Studi Kasus Di Pasar Aceh Kecamatan Baiturrahman Kota Banda Aceh)
Authors: Armiadi Armiadi , Indah Sari Sartika
Published: August 2020

Berdagang merupakan usaha yang banyak ditemukan dalam konteks kehidupan masyarakat. Profesi berdagang tentu dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi keluarga. Biasanya, peran yang biasa digeluti dalam profesi berdagang ini adalah laki-laki. Namun demikian, pekerja wanita juga sangat banyak dijumpai salah satunya di Pasar Aceh. Dalam konteks hukum, pekerja wanita sebagai pedagang dilakukan dengan syarat, yaitu harus adanya izin dari wali atau suami. Permasalahan yang ingin diteliti adalah bagaimana persepsi pekerja wanita Pasar Aceh tentang hukum wanita bekerja sebagai pedagang dan jenis perdagangan apa saja yang mereka geluti, dan bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap pekerja wanita sebagai pedagang di Pasar Aceh Kecamatan Baturrahman Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan studi kasus (case study). Data-data yang dikumpulkan akan dianalisis melalui cara analisis-normatif.Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menurut pekerja wanita di Pasar Aceh Kecamatan Baturrahman Kota Banda Aceh, hukum wanita bekerja sebagai pedagang dibolehkan dengan syarat harus mendapat izin suami dan wali bagi yang belum menikah. Adapun jenis perdagangan apa saja yang mereka geluti di antaranya menjual kebutuhan rumah tangga seperti peci, sandal, usaha jahit baju dan kain, kosmetik, baju dan jilbab anak-anak, alat memasak dan pedagang es campur. Menurut hukum Islam, pekerja wanita sebagai pedagang dibolehkan. Dilihat dari sisi normatif, terdapat beberapa ketentuan ayat Alquran yang menyeru agar manusia berusaha dan mendapatkan hasil dari usahanya, seperti ketentuan al-Nisā’ ayat 29 dan ayat 32, surat al-Aḥzāb ayat 33. Dalam HR. Bukhari dan HR. Abu Dawud disebutkan bahwa Rasulullah saw pernah mempekerjakan perempuan sebagai tenaga medis atau perawat sahabat yang terluka pada saat peperangan. Dari sisi historis, isteri Rasulullah saw yaitu Khadijah merupakan pedagang dan saudagar kaya yang menunjukkan bahwa wanita juga bekerja pada masa Rasulullah. Dari sisi logis, perempuan yang bekerja sebagai pedagang merupakan usaha untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup. Kondisi ekonomi yang menurun mengharuskan perempuan untuk bekerja.
Praktik Ta’liq Talak di Negeri Perak Ditinjau Menurut Hukum Islam
Authors: Darmawijaya Edi , Ahmad Nordin Nurul Mahfuzah Binti
Published: August 2020

Ta’līq talak dalam kajian hukum nikah adalah berkenaan dengan janji nikah yang diucapkan suami pada saat setelah akad nikah dilangsungkan. Pelanggaran janji ta’līq berakibat pada terbukanya peluang bagi isteri untuk menggugat cerai suami. Praktik ta’līq talak ini agaknya menjadi satu upaya agar hubungan pernikahan tetap berlangsung secara baik dengan adanya ikrar janji suami untuk selalu memenuhi hak isteri. Namun, ta’līq talak seringkali dijadikan alasan bercerai, hal ini seperti yang dilakukan dalam masyarakat Negeri Perak. Permasalahan yang timbul adalah bagaimana praktik ta’līq talak yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Negeri Perak, bagaimana akibat hukum pelanggaran ta’līq talak terhadap kelangsungan hubungan pernikahan di Negeri Perak, dan bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap praktik ta’līq talak di Mahkamah Tinggi Syariah Ipoh Perak. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan yuridis-normatif. Data-data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan cara deskriptif-analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik ta’līq talak yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Negeri Perak dilakukan sesaat setelah akad nikah dilangsungkan, disaksikan oleh dua orang saksi, penghulu, dan wali dari pihak perempuan. Pembacaan sighat ta’līq talak ini wajib dilakukan untuk tiap-tiap pasangan yang menikah di dalam wilayah hukum Negeri Perak, yang isinya berjanji untuk memenuhi hak-hak isteri. Akibat hukum pelanggaran ta’līq talak di Negeri Perak berpengaruh terhadap kelangsungan hubungan pernikahan. Isteri yang tidak ridha dengan pelanggaran tersebut dapat menggunakan haknya untuk mengajukan cerai gugat suami kepada Mahkamah Syariah sebagaimana legalisasinya diakui dalam Seksyen 50-1 Enakmen Hukum Keluarga Islam Negeri Perak tahun 2004. Praktik ta’līq talak di Mahkamah Tinggi Syariah Ipoh Perak telah sesuai dengan norma hukum Islam. Praktik ta’līq talak tersebut bagian dari usaha untuk melindungi hak-hak perempuan yang notabene rentan menjadi pihak tersubordinat. Keberadaan ta’līq talak sesuai dengan konsep maṣlaḥah.