bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anthropogenic Reporting and the Quality of Firms’ Disclosure: A Study of Nigeria Banking Sector
Authors: Henry Agbaje Wale , Oladutire Oladeji Elijah , Olutola Aiyesan Olabode
Published: June 2020

The study assesses the impact of anthropogenic reporting on the quality of firms’ disclosure in the Nigerian banking sector. Environmental factors such as material used by firms, organic pollutants, and environmental protection expenditure and so on should influence the company report; banking sector inclusive. the specific objectives focused on effect of environmental, economic and social factors affect quality of corporate reporting in the Nigeria banking sector. in realizing the motive of the study, ex post facto research design was adopted for while secondary data were retrieved from the financial report of 10 banks out of the 14 listed on Nigeria Stock Exchange as at 31st December, 2018.the study used correlation technique to analyse the data. The findings of the analysis revealed that the coefficient is 0.120544 indicating that a 1% increase in the other variables that determined quality of firms’ disclosure will increase by 0.120544%. There is an inverse but insignificant relationship between environmental indicator and quality of firms’ disclosure with the p- value of 0.2221 greater than 0.1. however, economic indicator is observed to be inversely and significantly related to firms’ disclosure at 5% level. There is an affirmative and significantly amidst the quality of social indicators and firms’ reporting. The implication of this result is that an increase in the social factor, raises the quality of firms’ disclosure on the average of 5% level. It is therefore concluded that anthropogenic reporting using social and economic indicators, has significantly effect on quality of firms’ disclosure in the Nigeria banking sector. This study recommends that stakeholders such as institutions, professionals should improve on anthropogenic reporting within business organization.
Evaluation of the Effect of Nano-Fertilization and Disper Osmotic in Treating the Salinity of Irrigation Water on the Chemical and Mineral Properties of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.(
Authors: Abd Abdulkareem M. , Altemimy Ibtihaj H.H. , Altemimy Hareth M.A.
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted during the two growing seasons (2018 and 2019) in Date Palm Trees Station-Al-Hussinya District-Horticulture and, Department of Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture, Karbala Governorate. Two cultivars of date palm trees Zahdi and Khistawi were studied. The 27 palm trees for each cultivars were randomly selected, homogeneous in vegetative growth and similar in size and shape. The results showed that the Zahdi cultivar recorded a significant increase in the content of chlorophyll and proline which reached 0.939 mg.g-1 and 12.854. g-1, respectively. The Khistawi cultivar recorded a significant difference in the carbohydrate content of leaf which reached 9.564 µg.g-1 compared to Zahdi cultivar. The results were also showed that superiority of the concentration was 1 g. L-1. palm -1 in all studied characteristics. The study showed that in the concentration of 2 g. L-1. Palm-1 of disper osmotic had significant difference in the most of studied characteristics. Bilateral and triple inequalities have a significant moral effect in all studied characteristics.
Lichiardopol’s Conjecture on Disjoint Cycles in Tournaments
Authors: Ma Fuhong , West Douglas B. , Yan Jin
Published: June 2020

In 2010, Lichiardopol conjectured for $q \geqslant 3$ and $k \geqslant 1$ that any tournament with minimum out-degree at least $(q-1)k-1$ contains $k$ disjoint cycles of length $q$. Previously the conjecture was known to hold for $q\leqslant 4$. We prove that it holds for $q \geqslant 5$, thereby completing the proof of the conjecture.
Abstract Tropical Linear Programming
Authors: Loho Georg
Published: June 2020

In this paper we develop a combinatorial abstraction of tropical linear programming. This generalizes the search for a feasible point of a system of min-plus-inequalities. We obtain an algorithm based on an axiomatic approach to this generalization.  It builds on the introduction of signed tropical matroids based on the polyhedral properties of triangulations of the product of two simplices and the combinatorics of the associated set of bipartite graphs with an additional sign information. Finally, we establish an upper bound for our feasibility algorithm applied to a system of min-plus-inequalities in terms of the secondary fan of a product of two simplices. The appropriate complexity measure is a shortest integer vector in a cone of the secondary fan associated to the system.
Inhomogeneous Partition Regularity
Authors: Leader Imre , Russell Paul A.
Published: June 2020

We say that the system of equations $Ax = b$, where $A$ is an integer matrix and $b$ is a (non-zero) integer vector, is partition regular if whenever the integers are finitely coloured there is a monochromatic vector $x$ with $Ax = b.$ Rado proved that the system $Ax = b$ is partition regular if and only if it has a constant solution.

Byszewski and Krawczyk asked if this remains true when the integers are replaced by a general (commutative) ring $R$. Our aim in this note is to answer this question in the affirmative. The main ingredient is a new 'direct' proof of Rado’s result.
Report on the Japan Association of Self-Access Learning (JASAL) Forum, at the Japan Association for Language Teaching (JALT) 2009 Conference in Shizuoka.
Authors: Mynard Jo , Navarro Diego
Published: June 2020

The theme of the JALT 2009 conference was The teaching-learning dialogue: An active mirror. In the area of self-access language learning the teaching-learning dialogue primarily takes place in the language advising situation. In this forum, educators from different universities in Japan addressed the following questions: What form does the teaching-learning dialogue take in your centre? How has this dialogue informed the practice of learners and educators working in your centre? For a fuller discussion of the role of dialogue in self-access learning (based on presentations at this forum), see Mynard & Navarro (2010).
Learning to Foster Autonomy: The Role of Teacher Education Materials
Authors: Reinders Hayo , Balcikanli Cem
Published: June 2020

In recent years there has been an increased appreciation of the interrelationship between learner autonomy and teacher autonomy, both in the classroom and in the self-access centre. One obvious impact on learners’ autonomy is their teachers’ understanding of what autonomy means, and their ability to implement it in the classroom. Especially for beginning teachers, knowledge of learner autonomy is likely to be shaped in large part by the professional training they receive and the amount of attention given to the topic during their teacher education. It is therefore important to ask to what extent teacher training courses prepare teachers for fostering autonomy, including those teachers working in self-access centres. This study attempts to answer that question by critically investigating a range of popular teacher training course materials widely used in professional programmes worldwide. We apply an evaluative framework to identify 1) what information teachers are given about learner autonomy, and 2) the extent to which the materials cover the teaching of different skills for independent learning. Perhaps surprisingly, despite the growing interest in autonomy, it was found that the selected books included almost no information about learner autonomy at all and did not, with one or two minor exceptions, focus on the development of skills for supporting autonomous learning.
Overview of “Splendid Speaking” Website
Authors: Travis Peter
Published: June 2020

It is natural for adult learners preparing for upper-intermediate and advanced speaking examinations like the Cambridge Certificate in Advanced English (CAE), the Business English Certificate (BEC) or International English Language Teaching System (IELTS) to feel daunted by the Speaking examination. Having their spoken English assessed ‘live’ in a high stakes situation can be quite stressful. To perform at their best in the exam learners need to be able to contribute fully to the various task formats within their spoken exam.

Students preparing for these exams need to have regular practice in responding fully to questions, working cooperatively with a partner, and generally taking the opportunity to showcase their use of English. In our experience there was little in the way of freely-available structured materials for advanced speaking skills online. We decided we would like to help learners preparing for their respective exams as well as general upper intermediate to advanced students wishing to develop their speaking skills. We launched splendid-speaking.com in 2006.
Self-Directed Learning Modules for Independent Learning: IELTS Exam Preparation
Authors: Morrison Brian R.
Published: June 2020

Learners studying for exams sometimes show a lack of awareness in their abilities as tested through the framework of that exam. Instead, such learners focus on the score obtained in exams, and exam preparation includes using textbooks, online materials and timed use of past papers. The purpose of exam-focused flexible self-directed learning modules (FSDLMs) at Kanda University of International Studies have been designed to address this by developing learners’ ability to identify their strengths and weaknesses, to make informed decisions about their own learning, and to improve their test-taking skills. Each FSDLM has at its core a diagnostic for learners to use for self-evaluation, often with guidance from a learning advisor. This process leads to the setting of clear goals and the development and implementation of an individual learning plan through a variety of dialogues. Learners have the potential to transfer this skill beyond examination preparation to other areas of learning. In other words, learners’ awareness of needs analysis, planning, implementation and evaluation is fostered with a view to developing their language learning ability within and beyond this module.
Evaluation of Seagrass and Seaweed Species Diversity, Abundance, and Human Activities Endangering their Existence at Indian Ocean Shore at Kigamboni in Dar es Salaam City, Coastal Zone of Tanzania
Authors: Kayombo Canisius John , Barnabas Gudrun , Likinguraine Kivuyo
Published: June 2020

An evaluation of seagrass and seaweed species diversity, abundance, and the human activities endangering their existence were conducted at the Kigamboni Indian ocean shore in Dar es Salaam city. The study aimed to determine the abundance, diversity of seagrasses and seaweeds and to identify human activities undertaken in the study area. A transect was set within the study area where plots of 10 m x 10 m (100 m2) were established at an interval of 100m. The encountered seagrass and seaweed species were identified for their scientific names to species level and whenever it was not possible, a specimen was collected and taken to the University of Dar es Salaam Herbarium (DSM) for identification. The species were also counted and recorded as per their number of stems. H’ was applied to calculate the Shannon Wiener Index of Diversity. Also, relative abundance (RA) was calculated. A total of 17 species from 14 genera were identified. The calculated H’ was 2.0309, an implication of high seagrass and seaweed species diversity. The identified human activities were fishing and swimming. Of those activities, bait collection (33.89%) was the most dominant while swimming had 33.33%, fishing had 16.67% and marine gravel had 11.11%. Kigamboni ocean shore comprises of high species diversity of seagrass and seaweed species, facing severe damage from human disturbances.  This study recommends for sustainable management of the ocean shore through education, protection strategy to ensure the survival of the existing seagrasses and seaweed species.
Educación para la prevención de enfermedad cardiovascular en trabajadores de una institución de Educación Superior: ¡Evitando la ausencia laboral!
Authors: Rojas Padilla Isabel Cristina , Vergara López Yury
Published: June 2020

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) son las causantes de muchas muertes a nivel mundial y lo paradójico es que la mayoría de ellas pueden prevenirse actuando sobre factores de riesgo comportamentales como sedentarismo, exceso de peso, dietas inadecuadas, consumo de cigarrillo y bebidas alcohólicas. El riesgo cardiovascular se debe detectar tempranamente para intervenirlo de manera precoz y evitar que se convierta en enfermedad diagnosticada. La promoción y prevención de hábitos de vida saludable disminuye padecimientos y mejora la calidad de vida de las personas, más aún en aquellos individuos laboralmente activos que deben interactuar en un ambiente social a diario.
Análisis descriptivo de la influencia de los factores biomédicos en el neurodesarrollo de los menores con cardiopatías congénitas
Authors: Mendoza Carretero Maria del Rosario , Ares Segura Susana , Albert de la Torre Leticia , Medina del Río Marta , Sáenz-Rico de Santiago Belén
Published: June 2020

Las medidas somatométricas del recién nacido se relacionan con su edad gestacional. Se quiere conocer si los criterios biomédicos están relacionados con las lentificaciones encontradas en el neurodesarrollo de los menores con cardiopatías congénitas (CC). Se contó con 49 participantes, que fueron valorados a través de la Escala de Desarrollo Infantil Bayley-III. Los resultados indican que los criterios somatométricos, que adquieren incidencia en los prematuros, parecen no estar implicados en las lentificaciones de la población con CC. Es necesario ampliar la muestra del estudio e incluir variables biomédicas incidentes en las CC para conocer el grado de relación.
Despliegue de un ejercicio estético–lírico en la re-significación de una mujer víctima del conflicto armado colombiano
Authors: Belalcazar Valencia Jhon Gregory , López Cifuentes Diana Nohemi , López Molina Natalia
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo de investigación tiene como objetivo describir la vivencia de una mujer víctima del conflicto armado y su tránsito por la resignificación de sus experiencias. Ella utiliza como recurso la memoria con el fin de preservar su identidad y reivindicar sus derechos a partir de su arraigo cultural; proceso en donde no sólo ella se beneficia sino que implícitamente ayuda a otras víctimas a superar el flagelo a través de la acción de memoria colectiva por medio de un recurso estéticolírico, el cual personifica la resistencia y la reivindicación de los derechos alguna vez perdidos. El diseño metodológico estaba compuesto por un estudio caso, como unidad de análisis, se tomó la canción intitulada: ¿por qué me voy?, la cual pone en evidencia su papel mediador e intermediador dentro de su contenido, para propiciar la reconstrucción de la memoria y dar paso al despliegue de una acción colectiva, en donde la protagonista tiene la capacidad no solo de reivindicar sus derechos de forma individual, sino que colectivamente también genera un impacto en quienes también han sido víctimas del desplazamiento forzado
Environmental degradation of Modern non-balanced glasses
Authors: Palomar Teresa , Rodrigues Alexandra
Published: June 2020

Crizzling is an alteration pathology related to non-balanced glasses (high content of flux oxides and low content of stabilizer ones), which can produce an intense damage on glasses such as transparency losses, appearance of drops on the surface or cracking. In this work, two case studies (outdoor and indoor environment) were presented. It was observed that the main alteration agent for these glasses was the water (rain, condensation and environmental humidity). In the outdoor environment, the rain washed away the [OH−] ions formed during the alteration; however, the exposure to cyclic conditions accelerated its alteration rate. In the indoor environment, the hygroscopicity of the glasses attracts the environmental humidity and produces the degradation.
Aportaciones estructurales al estudio de la denominada, “ermita de San Jorge” (Cáceres): el aljibe de la torre medieval de Los Mogollones
Authors: Serrano Candela Francisco , Salcedo Hernández José Carlos
Published: June 2020

De entre los muchos elementos arquitectónicos dispersos por el término municipal de Cáceres (ciudad histórica incluida en el Patrimonio Mundial de la UNESCO) hay uno en estado de ruina, conocido como “ermita de San Jorge”, que en el estado actual del conocimiento algunos autores consideran un edificio religioso por el hecho de tener una estructura de nave diáfana y una serie de pinturas con motivos religiosos. La investigación resumida en este artículo: 1. Se ha realizado con metodología arquitectónica, recabando los datos conocidos y realizando un levantamiento arquitectónico de la estructura del edificio, no sólo de la geometría de los restos, sino del sistema estructural, así como del análisis del emplazamiento. 2. Demuestra que la estructura resistente de los restos constructivos corresponde en realidad a un edificio de almacén de agua (aljibe), emplazado en un camino histórico de la red caminera de Cáceres y en las inmediaciones de la torre medieval de Los Mogollones.
Conservation to overcome oblivion. New methods for the survival of lost heritage memory
Authors: Merchán María José , Perez Hernandez Emiliano
Published: June 2020

Unfortunately, it sometimes happens that heritage buildings and structures unearthed during the construction of new infrastructures cannot be adequately conserved once dug out. Before the eternal doubt, keeping or covering them, the economic aspect often takes precedence. Luckily, when the decision is to hide it again, technology offers the possibility of acquiring, modelling and storing the 3D data of the remains and allows their later visualization with a very realistic appearance. Therefore, the memory of these remains destined to be forgotten survives beyond the archives of the professionals who documented them. In this paper, the opportunities opened by Augmented and Virtual Reality applications for the preservation and dissemination of re-covered, or even lost, remains will be explained through the finding came about in the works performed for renovating an old road in Fuente del Maestre (Spain)
Evaluación de riesgos, monitorización y simulación de edificios patrimoniales
Authors: Muñoz González Carmen Mª , León Rodríguez Ángel Luis , Navarro Casas Jaime , Ruiz Jaramillo Jonathan , Teeling Catherine
Published: June 2020

Los edificios religiosos son una parte importante del patrimonio cultural, son documentos de nuestra herencia y tenemos la necesidad de preservarlos. Las condiciones ambientales en el que están inmersos estos edificios son determinantes para la preservación y conservación del patrimonio mueble que contiene.  Originalmente, la mayoría de estos espacios no estaban acondicionados, pero actualmente, estos edificios están siendo climatizados para proporcionar el confort térmico a los feligreses y para mejorar las condiciones del clima interior y la preservación del patrimonio mueble. El objetivo principal de esta investigación ha sido analizar las condiciones ambientales de edificios religiosos en un clima Mediterráneo, mediante el uso de monitorización y simulación para evaluar y mejorar la preservación del patrimonio cultural de estos edificios. Este estudio aporta las herramientas para la optimización de la calidad ambiental para la preservación y conservación del patrimonio mueble e inmueble y para su aplicación en futuros proyectos de rehabilitación patrimonial.
Heterogeneous photocatalysis in flow chemical reactors
Authors: Thomson Christopher G , Lee Ai-Lan , Vilela Filipe
Published: June 2020

The synergy between photocatalysis and continuous flow chemical reactors has shifted the paradigms of photochemistry, opening new avenues of research with safer and scalable processes that can be readily implemented in academia and industry. Current state-of-the-art photocatalysts are homogeneous transition metal complexes that have favourable photophysical properties, wide electrochemical redox potentials, and photostability. However, these photocatalysts present serious drawbacks, such as toxicity, limited availability, and the overall cost of rare transition metal elements. This reduces their long-term viability, especially at an industrial scale. Heterogeneous photocatalysts (HPCats) are an attractive alternative, as the requirement for the separation and purification is largely removed, but typically at the cost of efficiency. Flow chemical reactors can, to a large extent, mitigate the loss in efficiency through reactor designs that enhance mass transport and irradiation. Herein, we review some important developments of heterogeneous photocatalytic materials and their application in flow reactors for sustainable organic synthesis. Further, the application of continuous flow heterogeneous photocatalysis in environmental remediation is briefly discussed to present some interesting reactor designs that could be implemented to enhance organic synthesis.
Signal correction for combinational automation devices on the basis of Boolean complement with control of calculations by parity
Authors: Sapozhnikov V. V. , Sapozhnikov Vl. V. , Efanov D. V.
Published: June 2020

Simpler than known structure of the system with error correction in calculations is proposed based on duplication and triplication of blocks with majority principle of choosing the values of signals. It is advisable to use the new fault-tolerant structure for automation devices with combinational logic. In fault-tolerant structure synthesis, the parity method is used to establish the fact of a fault in the main logic unit and the logical complement method is used determine incorrectly calculated output functions and to generate signals for their correction. The method also allows to adjust the values of incorrectly calculated functions. Structural diagram and description of error correction system are given. The synthesis algorithm of control equipment is described with minimization of the technical implementation complexity. The experiment results with control combinational circuits are given, confirming the high efficiency of proposed system structure with error correction.
Makna Simbolik Dibalik Rumah Adat Masyarakat Waibalun Kecamatan Larantuka Kabupaten Flores Timur
Authors: Ishak Martinus Irwanto
Published: June 2020

Setiap kebudayaan memiliki fungsi dan maknanya masing-masing. Fungsi dan makna tersebut di satu sisi bisa dipahami secara kasat mata tetapi di sisi lain membutuhkan serangkaian pendekatan agar bisa memahaminya secara baik. Tentunya, makna dan fungsi dari sebuah kebudayaan hanya dapat dipahami secara utuh oleh masyarakat pengguna kebudayaan tersebut. Lebih lanjut, budaya atau kebudayaan tidak bisa dilepaspisahkan dari bahasa itu sendiri. Bahasa menjadi salah satu unsur penentu untuk memahami secara baik hakikat dari sebuah kebudayaan. Bahasa mampu menterjemahkan arti dan makna dari simbol-simbol (makna simbolis) suatu bentuk atau benda yang digunakan dalam sebuah kebudayaan. Masyarakat Waibalun di Kecamatan Larantuka, Kabupaten Flores Timur memiliki sejumlah makna simbolis yang menyata dalam rumah adat yang dimilikinya. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini secara khusus mengkaji makna simbolis yang terdapat pada rumah adat milik masyarakat Waibalun. Demi menjawabi tujuan penelitian ini, maka metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukan bahwa makna simbolis rumah adat masyarakat Waibalun merupakan penentu identitas kelompok, sebagai bentuk religi/penghormatan pada leluhur, sebagai bentuk penghargaan, sebagai penentu status sosial dan sebagai bentuk dari mata pencarian. Selain itu rumah adat yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat Waibalun memiliki sejumlah makna simbolis yang memberi arti penting bagi kehidupan dan masa depan bagi tiap-tiap generasinya. Tentunya makna simbolis ini penting dan perlu dilestarikan agar tidak punah oleh derap perubahan zaman.
Bacteriological Assessment of Selected Hand-Pumped Boreholes Water Sources in Malete Environs, Kwara State Nigeria.
Authors: AWE Sunday , OYİNADE Faloye
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Ground water is an important source of water for domestic use, especially in developing countries such as Nigeria. Groundwater is generally very clean but can become polluted with nutrients and toxic chemicals when surface water carrying these substances drains into the groundwater environment. This study assessed the microbial quality of water (hand-pumped boreholes) at six areas in Malete environs. Water samples were collected in triplicates and subjected to physicochemical (temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, salinity and hardness), microbiological (heterotrophic and coliform counts) and molecular analysis using standard methods. The temperature generally ranged from 26.45±0.20 to 29.3±0.19 ºC, pH ranged between 7.6 ± 0.00 and 8.2 ± 0.012. Turbidity was generally <5 NTU, conductivity was <250µS/cm and hardness was <150 mg/L. The values were within acceptable range stated by World Health Oganization (WHO) and the National Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). Escherichia coli, Stapylococus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca were found in some water samples. Faecal coliform was found in 83.3% of the hand-pumped boreholes, these high prevalence of contaminated water is attributable to the largely contaminated environments around some of the wells which was littered with various forms of refuse. Public awareness on the dangers associated with the construction of hand-pumped boreholes at a distance less than 15 meters away from the septic tank should be increased. Also hand-pumped boreholes water samples that do not meet the standard should be treated before consumption.
Motivational Techniques Employed by Teachers’ in Secondary School Teaching and Learning of Account
Authors: Patience Ndidi Dr. Egboka,
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the study was to ascertain the motivational techniques employed by teachers in secondary schools for teaching and learning of account in Awka education zone of Anambra State. It was a descriptive research guided by two research questions and two null hypotheses. The public and private secondary schools in the area were studied. All the 99 teachers of account in the area formed the population. There was no sampling. A researcher-developed questionnaire was the instrument for data collection. Four experts, all in Nnamdi Azikiwe University validated the instrument. The reliability of the study was established through pilot test in Onitsha education zone of Anambra State. The reliability coefficient of section 1 is 0.87 and that of section2 is 0.84 respectively. The direct approach was employed in the data collection. Out of the 99 copies of the instrument distributed, 96 copies were retrieved and correctly filled. They were subjected to data analysis. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while the null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using t-test. Findings of the study indicated that teachers in secondary school employed both positive negative reinforcement techniques for teaching and learning of account. Based on this, it was recommended that teachers should also motivate their students through appreciation when they perform well (for instance, a teacher can say, ‘high five’ to a wellbehaved student)
Doppler Factor Estimation for Fermi Blazars
Authors: Zhang Lixia , Chen Sina , Xiao Hubing , Cai Jinting , Fan Junhui
Published: June 2020

In this work, we exploit the luminosity of the broad-line region (BLR) for 50 Fermi blazars through matching the coordinates between the Sloan Digital Sky Survey catalog, Fermi Large Area Telescope Third Source Catalog, and the Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog and fitting their emission lines. In total, we collected a sample of 350 blazars with broad-line emissions including 50 new objects and 300 blazars from published works to revisit the correlation between the γ-ray luminosity and the broad-line luminosity, and proposed a new method to estimate the Doppler factors based on the correlation between the radiative power of the jet and luminosity of the BLR. We come to following conclusions. (1) For the 50 Fermi blazars, their broad-line luminosity (log L
BLR) ranges from 41.82–45.2 erg s−1 with a mean value of 44.39 erg s−1. (2) The Doppler factor (δ) ranges from δ = 0.35 to δ = 85.66 with a mean value of 12.54, which is consistent with the results in the literature. (3) There are positive correlations between γ-ray luminosity and broad-line luminosity, and between γ-ray luminosity and the Doppler factor.
A Systematic Observational Study on Galactic Interstellar Ratio 18O/17O. I. C18O and C17O J = 1–0 Data Analysis
Authors: Zhang J. S. , Liu W. , Yan Y. T. , Yu H. Z. , Liu J. T. , Zheng Y. H. , Romano D. , Zhang Z.-Y. , Wang J. Z. , Chen J. L. , Wang Y. X. , Zhang W. J. , Lu H. H. , Chen L. S. , Zou Y. P. , Yang H. Q. , Wen T. , Lu F. S.
Published: June 2020

The interstellar oxygen isotopic ratio of 18O/17O can reflect the relative amount of the secular enrichment by ejecta from high-mass versus intermediate-mass stars. Previous observations found a Galactic gradient of 18O/17O, i.e., low ratios in the Galactic center and large values in the Galactic disk, which supports the inside-out formation scenario of our Galaxy. However, there are not many observed objects and, in particular, there are not many at large galactocentric distances. For this reason, we started a systematic study on Galactic interstellar 18O/17O, through observations of C18O and C17O multi-transition lines toward a large sample of 286 sources (at least one order of magnitude larger than previous ones), from the Galactic center region to the far outer Galaxy (∼22 kpc). In this article, we present our observations of J = 1–0 lines of C18O and C17O, with the 12 m antenna of the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO 12 m) and the Institut de Radio Astronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) 30 m telescopes. Among our IRAM 30 m sample of 50 targets, we detected successfully both C18O and C17O 1–0 lines for 34 sources. Similarly, our sample of 260 targets for ARO 12 m observations resulted in the detection of both lines for 166 sources. The C18O optical depth effect on our ratio results, evaluated by fitting results of C17O spectra with hyperfine components (assuming

) and our radiative transfer and excitation model nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) model calculation for the strongest source, was found to be insignificant. Beam dilution does not seem to be a problem either, which was supported by the fact that there is no systematic variation between the isotopic ratio and the heliocentric distance, and ratios are consistently measured from two telescopes for most of those detected sources. With this study we obtained 18O/17O isotopic ratios for a large sample of molecular clouds with different galactocentric distances. Our results, though there are still very few detections made for sources in the outer Galaxy, confirm the apparent 18O/17O gradient of 18O/17O=(0.10 ± 0.03)R
GC+(2.95 ± 0.30), with a Pearson’s rank correlation coefficient of R = 0.69. This is supported by the newest Galactic chemical evolution model including the impact of massive stellar rotators and novae. Our future J = 2–1 and J = 3–2 observations of C18O and C17O toward the same sample would be important to determine their physical parameters (opacities, abundances, etc.) and further accurately determine the Galactic radial gradient of the isotopic ratio 18O/17O.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC): Toward Zero Error [Retracted]
Authors: Coco Danilo , Leanza Silvana
Published: June 2020

In 1990, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) was considered the new beginning of an exciting period in the management of pathologies associated with gallbladder. Two decades later, biliary morbidity alongside LC is nearly thrice higher compared to conventional open surgery. In the 1990s, Strasberg et al. explained the manner, in which a critical view of safety can be attained and the manner in which vascular injuries and accidental biliary caused by unclear anatomy, incautious control of bleeding, or rare variations could be prevented. The aforementioned principles have been overlooked until recently, only gaining recognition in the past 15 years. This review seeks to explore the aspect of safety in LC based on various techniques.
Risk of Impingement on Polyethylene Liner of Total Hip Arthroplasty Prosthesis during Muslim Prayer (Salat) Activity
Authors: Anwar Iwan Budiwan , Saputra Eko , Ismail Rifky , Jamari J. , Van der Heide Emile
Published: June 2020

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most successful orthopedic surgical procedures. Impingement believed to be the most common mechanism of dislocation after THA. Salat consist of several repeated physical movements which require several extreme hip joint movements. The potential impingement positions during salat activity have been revealed by the previous computer simulation study, some evidences of impingement from retrieved polyethylene liner also have been revealed from our recent preliminary data. Although further study is still needed in this field, we may give special advice to modify some movement for Muslim patient who receive THA when performing Salat activity.
Profile and Lifestyle of Hypertensive Patients, Cardiovascular Comorbidity , and Complications in a Primary Health Center in Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Sulistiawati Sulistiawati , Dewanti Linda , Pratama Adikara Pagan , Atika Atika , Fatmaningrum Widati , Nuswantoro Djohar , Octora Tan Nicko , Pradnyaparamitha Dyah Ayu , Rizqi Fahmi Aulia
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Hypertension prevalence which increased in the last two decades in Indonesia depleted national expenditure. The government responded through many programs in educating the community and improving the primary health center (PHC). The engagement of patients and doctor’s role in PHC was very important in managing the disease. Patient’s lifestyles, comorbid, and the role of PHC, such as in early detection, examination, drug administration, and education, as well as screening for the complication, needs to be evaluated.
AIMS: This study aimed to analyze the profile and lifestyle of hypertensive patients and health services in PHC as one of the catastrophic diseases in Indonesia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS : This was a cross-sectional study design with total sampling. The study was held in one of the PHC in Surabaya from May 2018 until August 2018. The s ample size was 104. Data were collected using questionnaires, physical, and laboratory examinations as well as secondary data from the medical record. The statistical analysis was performed at a significance p < 0.005 using the Chi-square test.
RESULTS: The majority were women with age >60 years and two-thirds of all hypertensive cases had uncontrolled blood pressure (69.2%). Laboratory results showed abnormalities: Dyslipidemia (50.5%), high fasting blood sugar (38.6%), and high uric acid (10.1%). Nearly one-third of patients (27.9%) already had abnormalities in the electrocardiography (ECG) since the procedure been done rarely. Contrarily, most of them committed to a healthy diet and taking the medication regularly in line with doctor’s education when they visit PHC. Regarding exercise, most of them stated not to do it regularly.
CONCLUSION: The majority of the hypertensive patients had uncontrolled blood pressure and unhealthy lifestyle worsening the disease.
Politiques migratoires et sélectivité des migrations étudiantes en France : une approche sociodémographique
Authors: Kabbanji Lama , Toma Sorana
Published: June 2020

Depuis l’annonce de la nouvelle « stratégie d’attractivité pour les étudiants internationaux », dénommée « Bienvenue en France », le thème des migrations étudiantes est revenu avec force sur le devant de la scène politique et médiatique en France. Les mesures préconisées s’inscrivent dans le prolongement d’une politique sélective de l’immigration mise en place depuis 2003. Dans cet article, nous nous proposons d’examiner la façon dont les politiques visant les étudiants étrangers depuis les années 1970 ont impacté les migrations étudiantes. Les données administratives mobilisées nous permettent de montrer que les politiques d’immigration sélectives contribuent non seulement au ralentissement des migrations étudiantes vers la France, mais ont également pour effet de reconfigurer les caractéristiques de ces migrations au détriment des étudiants les plus modestes, issus des pays à faible pouvoir d’achat, et de certaines disciplines. Une récente enquête que nous avons menée en 2016-2017 nous permet également d’anticiper le fait que la hausse drastique des frais de scolarité instaurée en 2019 pour les étudiants extracommunautaires risque d’accélérer ces dynamiques.
Un enfoque cuantitativo para la evaluación de geositios del Parque Nacional de Talassemtane (NO de Marruecos)
Authors: Aoulad-Sidi-Mhend A. , Maaté A. , Hlila R. , Martín-Martín M. , Chakiri S. , Maaté S.
Published: June 2020

El Parque Nacional de Talassemtane (TNP), recogido en la lista tentativa de Marruecos para su nominación como Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la UNESCO, se caracteriza por su gran biodiversidad y está integrado en la Reserva de la Biosfera Intercontinental del Mediterráneo. Aunque las autoridades están muy interesadas en la puesta en valor y protección de la biodiversidad (flora y fauna), su interés en el patrimonio geológico es mucho menor. Así, este trabajo trata de dar a conocer y poner en valor los excelentes lugares de interés geológico (Geositios) reconocibles en el área. Se proponen 34 Geositios que deberían ser considerados parte del patrimonio geológico y que despliegan una gran variedad de tipologías geológicas como geología estructural, estratigrafía, sedimentología, paleontología, geomateriales, petrología, geomorfología e hidrogeología-hidráulica. Para clasifi­car y ordenar los Geositios, evitando la subjetividad, se ha empleado una metodología numérica basada en dos módulos. Dichos módulos consisten en el Valor Científico (SV) y el Valor Adicional (AV) estando cada uno com­puesto, a su vez, por un importante número de criterios. Además, el Riesgo de Degradación (DR) de los Geositios se ha valorado sobre la base de diversos criterios. Para una mejor conservación de los Geositios, pero también para contribuir a la educación y promoción del turismo, se han propuesto algunas acciones siguiendo los criterios de la Red Global de Geoparques de la UNESCO. Esas acciones podrían estimular también la actividad económica y el desarrollo sostenido de la región atrayendo un número creciente de visitantes.
Threats, Challenges, And Opportunities for Open Universities and Massive Online Open Courses in The Digital Revolution
Authors: Nascimento Cunha Maria , Chuchu Tinashe , Maziriri Eugine Tafadzwa
Published: June 2020

In a world of sharp transformation driven by digital technologies, education is facing a paradigm shift that exposes vulnerabilities and threats of Open Education models in the face of the trend of commodification. This article seeks to offer useful insights into the threats, challenges, and opportunities for open universities and massive online open courses in the digital revolution. The methodology fol-lowed a systematic content review of literature. With the advent of the internet, we have verified a profound transformation in the way we communicate and produce within the academics. The digital revolution favored the freedom of access to information. The digital revolution poses challenges but also opens up unprecedented opportunities for democratization and accessibility. The transformation process of open universities has to maintain the referential of the profound incorporation of pedagogical and technological innovation based on research and seek new strategies of organization and definition of quality, to guarantee its relevance and leadership in the pursuit of the massification of higher education.
Mining Smart Learning Analytics Data Using Ensemble Classifiers
Authors: Kausar Samina , Oyelere Solomon Sunday , Salal Yass Khudheir , Hussain Sadiq , Cifci Mehmet Akif , Hilcenko Slavoljub , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Wenhao Zhu , Huahu Xu
Published: June 2020

Recent progress in technology has altered the learning behaviors of students; besides giving a new impulse which reshapes the education itself. It can easily be said that the improvements in technologies empower students to learn more efficiently, effectively and contentedly. Smart Learning (SL) despite not being a new concept describing learning methods in the digital age- has caught attention of researchers. Smart Learning Analytics (SLA) provides students of all ages with research-proven frameworks, helping students to benefit from all kinds of resources and intelligent tools. It aims to stimulate students to have a deep comprehension of the context and leads to higher levels of achievements. The transformation of education to smart learning will be realized by reengineering the fundamental structures and operations of conventional educational systems. Accordingly, students can learn the proper information yet to support to learn real-world context, more and more factors are needed to be taken into account. Learning has shifted from web-based dumb materials to context-aware smart ubiquitous learning. In the study, a SLA dataset was explored and advanced ensemble techniques were applied for the classification task. Bagging Tree and Stacking Classifiers have outperformed other classical techniques with an accuracy of 79% and 78% respectively.
Learning Analytics: Analyzing Various Aspects of Learners’ Performance in Blended Courses. The Case of Kabul Polytechnic University, Afghanistan
Authors: Sokout Hamidullah , Usagawa Tsuyoshi , Mukhtar Sohail
Published: June 2020

Learning performance is crucial in students’ academic lives because it opens opportunities for future professional development. However, conventional educational practices do not provide all the necessary skills for university instructors and students to succeed in today's educational context. In addition, due to poor information resources, ineffective ICT tool utilization and the teaching methodologies in developing countries, particularly Afghanistan, a large gap exists across curriculum plans and instructor practices. Learning analytics, as a new educational instrument, has made it possible for higher education actors to reshape the educational environment to be more effective and consistent. In this study, we analyzed multiple research approaches and the results of analytics of various learner aspects to address the aforementioned issues. The research methods were predominantly quantitative-cum-qualitative. Real (quantitative) data were collected based on learners’ explicit actions, such as completing assignments and taking exams, and implicit actions, such interacting and posting on discussion forums. Meanwhile, secondary (qualitative) data collection was conducted on-site at Kabul Polytechnic University (KPU); both blended and traditional class samples were included. The results of this study offer insight into various aspects of learners’ behaviors that lead to their success and indicate the best analytical model/s to provide the highest prediction accuracy. Furthermore, the results of this study could help educational organizations adopt learning analytics to conduct early assessments to evaluate the quality of teaching and learning and improve learners’ performance.
Concepts for E-Assessments in STEM on the Example of Engineering Mechanics
Authors: Orthaber Markus , Stütz Dominik , Antretter Thomas , Ebner Martin
Published: June 2020

We discuss if and how it is possible to develop meaningful e-assessments in Engineering Mechanics. The focus is on complex example problems, resembling traditional paper-pencil exams. Moreover, the switch to e-assessments should be as transparent as possible for the students, i.e., it shouldn’t lead to additional difficulties, while still maintaining sufficiently high discrimination indices for all questions. Example problems have been designed in such a way, that it is possible to account for a great variety of inputs ranging from graphical to numerical and algebraic as well as string input types. Thanks to the implementation of random variables it is even possible to create an individual set of initial values for every participant. Additionally, when dealing with complex example problems errors carried forward have to be taken into account. Different approaches to do so are detailed and discussed, e.g., pre-defined paths for sub-questions, usage of students’ previous inputs or decision trees. The main finding is that complex example problems in Engineering Mechanics can very well be used in e-assessments if the design of these questions is well structured into meaningful sub-questions and errors carried forward are accounted for.
A Binary Search Algorithm to Determine the Minimum Transmission Range for Minimum Connected Dominating Set of a Threshold Size in Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Meghanathan Natarajan
Published: June 2020

The set of nodes constituting a minimum connected dominating set (MCDS) in a wireless ad hoc network (WANET) could be considered as the minimum number of nodes that are required to forward a broadcast message so that the message reaches all the nodes in the network. With regards to MCDS construction, we notice that smaller the transmission range for the nodes, the larger the size of the MCDS and vice-versa. Hence, from an energy efficiency point of view, it is imperative to determine the minimum transmission range (we assume uniform transmission range for all the nodes) that would be needed to construct a MCDS of a certain threshold size in WANETs. In this pursuit, we propose a binary search algorithm of logarithmic time complexity to determine the minimum uniform transmission range that would be sufficient to obtain a connected network and construct a MCDS whose size is within a threshold.
A Resource-Efficient Approach on User Association in 5G Networks Using Downlink and Uplink Decoupling
Authors: Bouras Christos , Kokkinos Vasileios , Michos Evangelos
Published: June 2020

A user-centered network model can significantly optimize connectivity issues between a user and the corresponding base station (BS). This article shall evaluate the user-centric (UC) model targeted for Fifth Generation telecommunication systems and will attempt to optimize communication between users and BSs. The authors suggest a resource-aware mechanism that targets improving coverage through the network decoupling into two separate and independent uplink and downlink networks. The mechanism shall fully respect each user's initially requested throughput demands and aims to solve the network user BS association problem with efficient resource management techniques. Simulations revealed that the mechanism perfectly preserves quality of service (QoS) and offers increased data rates in favor of ultimate user coverage, in both scenarios. Additionally, Frequency Range 2 offers an increased amount of resources, both increased data rates and higher amounts of devices that are covered by the overall network.