bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gorodni in Siberia and the Far East in the late XVI–XVII centuries
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University. Pirogova str., 1, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation, Gorokhov Sergej G.
Published: June 2024

There is a confusion in the use of the terms “gorodni” and “tarasa”, related to the construction of walls, in written sources and historiography on the architecture of the fortifications of the Russian state in Siberia and the Far East. The purpose of the study, the results of which are presented in the article, was to clarify the meaning of the term “gorodni” in written sources. The factual base consists of written, archaeological and cartographic sources. It is established that the term “gorodni” is earlier in relation to the term “tarasa”. The change of terminology did not reflect changes in the wall structure. Such a structure of defensive walls as a gorodni was not used in the region under study. Both of these terms imply a tarasa structure, which were called “gorodni” in written sources until the middle of the XVII century, and from the second half of the XVII century mainly “tarasa”.
Burial rite of the population of the Golden Horde city of Madjar: problems of study and debatable issues
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University. Pushkin str., 1, Stavropol, 355017, Russian Federation, Babenko Vitaly A.
Published: June 2024

The paper deals with some issues in the historiography of the burial rite of the population of the Golden Horde city of Madjar. From 1989 to 2020, some small sites in the trade and craft quarter and in the cemetery in Madjar were examined. Recently, craniological, archeozoological and palynological studies have been carried out. Since the beginning of the 2000s, a number of valuable archival materials of the XVIII–XIX centuries have been found and published. In 2021, the boundaries of the ancient settlement were established. Alongside with these achievements, there has been a lag in the study of the burial rite of the city’s population, which was caused by insufficient study of the city’s cemetery. In 2020, I.B. Tishchenko excavated 10 burials in the north-western part of the cemetery, significantly adding to the available source base. In 2022, E.I. Narozhny, I.B. Tishchenko and A.A. Sazonov published a series of articles with the analysis of the burials which had been studied in 2020. The articles contain controversial statements that do not take into account the materials of the research on the Madjar necropolises and some other Golden Horde sites. The Madjar cemetery needs large-scale research.
Burials of the XIII–XIV centuries in the Egiin-Gol river valley (Northern Mongolia): burial rite features
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University. 83, Lermontova St., Irkutsk, 664074, Russian Federation, Kharinskii Artur V. ,   Irkutsk State University. Karl Marx str., 1, Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes of the results of studies, condacted in 1997–2000 by archaeologists in the Egiin Gol river valley, northern Mongolia. The findings of 3 burial grounds, where burials of the XIII–XIV centuries were excavated, were examined – Mukhdagiin am, Kholtost nuga and Elst hotol. Based on the characteristics of the funeral rite, 4 groups of burials have been identified. The first included 9 graves from the necropolises of Elst hotol and Kholtost nuga. Corpses in them were placed without additional intra-grave structures. They were laid on their backs. The body was oriented with the head facing northwest, north, northeast or east. A shin, head or part of the spine of small cattle were placed near the hands or feet of the deceased in the grave. The second group included 4 burials of the Mukhdagiin am burial ground. The deceased were placed in wooden coffins and were oriented with their heads to the north or northwest. The shin of a sheep was placed vertically near the head. The third group included single burial of the the Mukhdagiin am burial ground. It had an undercut in the grave pit, where the body was buried. The fourth group included a grave from the Kholtost nuga necropolis. In it the deceased was wrapped in birch bark. During the first half of the II millennium, in the lower part of the Egiin Gola valley, the dominant position was occupied by the bearers of burial traditions of the first group. Representatives of the second group of burials appear in this area in the XIII century, comparable to the Sayantui funeral rite. The burials of the third and fourth groups date back to the beginning of the II millennium.
Study of cast iron pots and slags from Salovka I settlement
Authors:   State Educational Institution of the Penza Region Institute of Regional Development. Popov Str., 40, Penza, 440049, Russian Federation, Vinnichek Vladimir Al. , Vinnichek Karina M. ,   Penza State Museum of Local Lore. Krasnaya Str., 73, Penza, 440026, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

The article presents the geometric size and shapes of cast-iron pots which were found at the Salovka I settlement in the Upper Sura region. Also the paper reflects the results of studies of one of the fragments of a cast-iron pots, repair plate and slag from the settlement. Slag samples were studied by chemical analysis using methods for the determination the iron content in ores, concentrates and agglomerates. The repair plate and a fragment of the cast iron pot were analyzed using an electron beam spectrograph. In results a noticeable amount of phosphorus was found in the studied samples. This is due to the use of marsh, lake and meadow ores as raw materials for the local ferrous metallurgy. In order to form a statistical database on iron casting and blacksmithing in the Upper Sura basin and other areas, it is necessary to conduct further analytical research.
Features of the pottery assemblage of the XIII–XIV centuries from excavations of the Syukeyevsky Vzvoz II Campsite medieval sediments
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology named after A.Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Butlerov St., 30, Kazan, 420012, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation, Orudzhov Eduard I. , Kuklina Anna A. ,   Institute of Archaeology named after A.Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Butlerov St., 30, Kazan, 420012, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation, Baranov Vyacheslav S. ,   Institute of Archaeology named after A.Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Butlerov St., 30, Kazan, 420012, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

The article deals with the ceramic material from the excavations of 2021 on the territory of the multilayer archaeological site Syukeyevsky Vzvoz II. Judging by the totality of the finds (metal slag and pig iron, blanks and semi-finished iron products, blacksmithing tools), a blacksmithing workshop could have been located here in the Golden Horde period. Russian pottery make up the majority of the assemblage, which suggests that there is a settlement of immigrants from Russian lands here. By the nature of the finds, this location can be interpreted as the artisan periphery of a small urban-type settlement associated with iron processing.
“Temple” at the Baba-ata fortifi ed settlement, a monument of fallacies
Authors:   Institute of Archeology named after A.Kh. Margulan, Baitanayev Bauyrzhan A. , Baitanayev Еlnar B. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. Al-Farabi Avenue 71, 050040, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: June 2024

The article deals with the results of the archaeological works, conducted at the Baba-Ata fortified settlement in 1950s. During the study of the settlement citadel, three building horizons, connected by a well with a total length of 15 m, were identified. The lower horizon of the citadel with a central domed room, where there was a well with an underground passage, turned out to be unique in its own way. Having no similar analogues, the construction on the lower horizon gave rise to a lot of different interpretations among specialists, who considered this building as a homestead, castle, temple, sanctuary, khanqah, etc. The architectural archaeological analysis of the entire complex of sources (articles, excavation journals of expedition participants, drawings and photographs of objects under study, etc.), some of which have not been published anywhere, made it possible to give a completely different interpretation and dating of the site. The Baba-Ata fortified settlement is identified with the city of Baruket in Arabic sources, it was built by the Samanids at the beginning of the 10th century as a border point in the northeast of the empire against the Guzes Initially, the lower horizon construction consisted of two floors. The lower – semibasement, which caused a lot of controversy, was a shelter with the possibility of evacuation through the underground passage during the hostilities and has no analogues, being a kind of only building in medieval architecture of Central Asia.
Wyższa Szkoła Hotelarska w Krakowie i jej udział w zakresie szkolenia pracowników branży pensjonatowo-hotelowej w międzywojennej Polsce
Authors: Rams Klaudia
Published: June 2024

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia nawiązujące do idei powstania oraz działalności Wyższej Szkoły Hotelarskiej w Krakowie, w latach 1932-1939. Wspomniana placówka edukacyjna była wówczas jedyną, krajową uczelnią dla przyszłych pracowników przemysłu hotelarskiego. Z kolei międzywojenny Kraków stanowił istotny punkt na mapie rozwoju polskiej turystyki. W pracy wykorzystano materiały źródłowe znajdujące się w zasobach Archiwum Narodowego w Krakowie. Punktem odniesienia dla realizowanych badań były Akta Prezydialne Izby Przemysłowo-Handlowej w Krakowie (IPHKr), pochodzące z lat 1862-1939. Wśród wykorzystanych materiałów znalazły się m.in.: protokoły posiedzeń Izby Przemysłowo-Handlowej, Akta Szkoły Hotelarskiej oraz wytyczne dla autorów programów liceów hotelarskich (1938-1939). Ponadto odniesiono się do, wydanych drukiem, sprawozdań i czasopism branżowych takich, jak: „Restaurator i Hotelarz Polski”. Z uwagi na brak opracowań nawiązujących bezpośrednio do omawianego tematu, w pracy wykorzystano publikację Tomasza Kargola, Izba Przemysłowo-Handlowa w Krakowie w latach 1850-1939 (2003), w której autor poświęcił jeden z rozdział-ów zagadnieniu międzywojennego szkolnictwa turystycznego stolicy Małopolski.
Winszuję Pani Mojej i Dobrodziejce… Świąteczne serdeczności w korespondencji informatorów Elżbiety z Lubomirskich Sieniawskiej (zm. 1729), kasztelanowej krakowskiej
Authors: Łękawska Monika Joanna
Published: June 2024

Świąteczne serdeczności w korespondencji informatorów Elżbiety z Lubomirskich Sieniawskiej (zm. 1729), kasztelanowej krakowskiej stanowią niezwykle ważne źródło do badań mentalności i relacji klientalnych okresu saskiego. Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie życzeń okolicznościowych słanych przez informatorów kasztelanowej krakowskiej, a co więcej skupia się nie tylko na ich treści, lecz także na schemacie tworzenia wiązanek świątecznych i częstotliwości oraz powodów ich dostarczania. Przez przemyślane sentencje różne warstwy społeczne wyrażały szacunek i lojalność wobec swoich patronów, budując tym samym nowożytne systemy komunikacji interpersonalnej. Artykuł stanowi przyczynek do dalszych badań nad historią języka staropolskiego i dawnych obyczajów, prezentując syntezę życzeń świątecznych słanych do Elżbiety Sieniawskiej. Wykorzystane do badań listy i gazetolisty wskazują, że obyczaj winszowania dobrodziejom wzmacniał zaufanie do służb informacyjnych oraz pełnił istotną rolę w relacjach społecznych.
Biodiversity Anecdotes from Bengaluru
Authors: Jambhekar Ravi , Khare Narmada
Published: June 2024

Karnataka is blessed with a diverse tropical climate – from balmy or humid, to hot and dry – the state has historically supported lush evergreen forests and green cities. Until recently, Bengaluru boasted of thoughtful inclusion of blue and green spaces in the form of manmade lakes and gardens. However, the rapid growth of the city has caused these spaces to shrink drastically. How do other living beings that also use the spaces deal with this encroachment? With these nature illustrations, we invite you to appreciate how, while some have reduced in numbers, many other organisms continue to survive – sometimes even thrive – in the nooks and crannies of Bengaluru. Each organism has a story worth knowing. These are only a few.
Proposals for reducing burnout in Medical Residency: a narrative literature review
Authors: Felix Mara , Jordão Érica , Aguiar Elisa , Rente Mônica , Goudouris Ekaterini , Detregiachi Edson
Published: June 2024

OBJETIVOS: A síndrome de burnout pode ser definida como a resposta a longo prazo aos estressores emocionais e interpessoais crônicos no trabalho, sendo composta por: exaustão emocional, despersonalização e reduzida realização profissional. A prevalência dessa síndrome entre os médicos residentes é alta. Algumas intervenções para sua prevenção já foram realizadas nessa população, tanto organizacionais quanto individuais. O objetivo deste artigo foi realizar uma revisão da literatura para descrever propostas de intervenção (mindfulness/autocompaixão) na redução da síndrome de burnout dos médicos residentes. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura, explorando estudos que avaliaram essas intervenções para redução da síndrome nos médicos residentes, através de uma busca nas bases MEDLINE e LILACS, utilizando as seguintes palavras-chave: "burnout AND resident OR residency", desde 2010 até os dias atuais. Foram utilizados artigos de língua inglesa ou portuguesa. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados 104 artigos, sendo excluídos 45 com títulos repetidos e dois de língua holandesa. Dos 57 artigos restantes, 10 foram incluídos (39 excluídos por se tratar de editoriais, cartas ao editor e resumos; 8 por não serem sobre residentes ou de intervenção). Houve demonstração da eficácia das estratégias implementadas (mindfulness, meditação), com melhoria dos escores de alguns aspectos da síndrome, porém não foram observados resultados consistentes de sua redução global. A adesão dos residentes aos programas foi voluntária e variou bastante. CONCLUSÃO: As estratégias de intervenção para a redução da síndrome de burnout dos médicos residentes foram benéficas. Entretanto, novos estudos, inclusive com dados brasileiros, são necessários para melhor esclarecimento da eficácia desses métodos.
Standard Clause Problems in E-Commerce Based on Indonesian Civil Law
Authors: Hassanah Hetty , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Abdul Aziz Norazlina
Published: June 2024

Standard clauses are agreements determined by one party, usually a business actor. Standardized clauses are always part of e-commerce agreements, and this can be considered legal because it implements the principle of freedom of contract. This research aims to determine standard clauses in e-commerce in terms of civil law in Indonesia. The study is descriptive and utilizes normative juridical research through a legislative approach. Subsequently, secondary data collection techniques were employed using a literature review. The acquired data were then subjected to qualitative analysis. Based on the analysis in this research, it is known that standard clauses embody the principle of freedom of contract as regulated in Article 1338, paragraph (1) of the Code of Civil Law. However, they must still fulfill the legal requirements of the agreement as regulated in Article 1320 of the Code of Civil Law.
Micropillar Cavities containing PMMA & Red-F Fluorescent Molecular Dye using Nb2O5/SiO2 DBRs
Authors: Al-Jashaam Dr. Faleh L. Mater , Sahar Naji Rashid
Published: June 2024

Photoluminescence emission from weakly coupled molecules has been investigated by placing a thin organic semiconductor film in one dimensional micropillar microcavities. The structure consisted of a Poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA and red-emitting organic semiconductor (Red-F) thin film sandwiched between pair layers of dielectric mirrors made of materials that have low and high refractive indexes such as Nb2O5/SiO2 respectively. The structure's different diameter micropillars were designed using a focused ion beam. This construction is able to reserve the light in the micropillars in three directions due to total interior reflection horizontally and disseminated Bragg reflectors vertically. Optical emission properties such as changing the spectral wavelength of the released light depending on the micropillars diameter can be controlled. As a result, series of sharp lines of emission spectra were obtained from the micropillars with diameters staring from 4 μm to 10 μm. By placing a 200 nm of thin film using (Red-F & PMMA) polymers into a 7 μm diameter micropillar, a quality factor of 446.1 was obtained. Besides, it was also obvious that as the micropillar diameter was decreased, the energy of all cavity modes gradually blue-shifted.
Epidemiological and Molecular Characterization of Malassezia species from Patients with pityriasis versicolor in Erbil Province
Authors: Hassan Zuber , Qurtas Dindar Sharif Qurtas
Published: June 2024

Background: Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is the most common chronic superficial infection of the stratum corneum. Pityriasis versicolor is the prototypical skin disease etiologically connected to Malassezia species. Malassezia furfur is the primary causative agent of pityriasis versicolor which causes either hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation of the skin.
Material and Methods: Sixty patients suffering from pityriasis versicolor disease who attended Erbil Dermatological Center, from August 2021 up to July 2023. Clinical diagnoses were done by consultant dermatologist. Thirty nine were males and Twenty-six were females. DNA has been extracted from skin scraps isolated from various body areas using the DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Germany) and it was amplified using specific primers for Malassezia strains. The amplified PCR products were sequenced commercially in both directions (Macrogen Inc. South Korea).
Results: The largest proportion of infections was reported by hyperpigmentation (64.6%), followed by hypopigmentation (44.5%). The rosy-coloured lesions were present only in 8 (12.3%) of patients. Applying of polymerase chain reaction is extremely critical to verify the diagnosis of Malassezia species. Ribosomal region of sequence analysis revealed that, the sequences of 14 isolates under the accession number (MT000715 and MT000716) were (99.9%-100%) homologous to M. furfur under the accession number NG_057730 and 6 isolates under the accession number (MT000717) were (100%) homologous to M.globosa (AY743604 and AJ249951). Phylogenetic analyzes were performed to assist investigate the relationship of M.furfur and M.globosa to support these results in Erbil province.
Conclusions: Phylogenetic analysis of the fourteen isolates (M.  furfur) under the accession (MT000715 and MT000716) and the remaining six isolates belonging to the M. globasa (MT000717) were  analyzed  by  MEGA  5.05  and  compared  with  sequences  of  different  Malassezia species  available  in  Gen  Bank  database,  the  data  showed  a  clear  convergence  between  our  Malassezia isolates from Erbil patients and that of the Gen Bank database.
The analysis of the main directions for reducing the intensity of mass flows of the working fluid through leaks in the working chamber of a piston long-stroke low-speed compressor stage
Authors:   OJSC «Sibneftetransproekt», Yusha V. L. , Busarov S. S. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Nedovenchany A. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: June 2024

The working processes and integral characteristics of piston long-stroke low-speed compressor stages are considered. Well-known technologies for increasing the feed rate are considered as objects of comparison: selection of the main dimensions and parameters of the stage; changing the size and design of valves, using elastomeric structural materials; change in the design of the cylinder-piston seal; changing the layout of the suction valve in the working chamber. Indicator efficiency, supply coefficient and tightness coefficient, as well as discharge temperature are considered as integral indicators. The following independent parameters are considered: parameters of the state of the working fluid at suction, discharge pressure, main dimensions and parameters of the stage, distance from the suction valve to the top dead center, seat diameters of the suction and discharge valves, as well as physical and mechanical properties of structural materials. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of the working process of the stage under consideration is carried out using various technologies for reducing the intensity of mass transfer through leaks in the working chamber of a low-speed, long-stroke piston stage. An assessment is made of the achievable value of the feed coefficient with the combined use of various technologies. The features of the working processes of the object under consideration and the relationship between the intensity of mass flows of working gas through leaks in the working chamber of the stage and the technologies used have been studied. The presented results of the theoretical analysis reflect the nature of the change in the integral characteristics of the stage depending on the technologies used to reduce the intensity of mass transfer through leaks in the working chamber of the stage under consideration.
Problems of consistency of gas dynamic characteristics of centrifugal compressor sections and selection of anti-surge control valves
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Vanyashov A. D. , Yanvarev I. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: June 2024

Options of approach to selection of standard size of anti-surge control valves in relation to two-section (two-shell) centrifugal compressor unit with three control circuits (first section, second section, general circuit) are considered. The problems arising from valve selection due to incorrect calculation of gas dynamic characteristics of compressor sections are shown. Field of application — natural and associated gas production and compression facilities.
The study of heat transfer intensification during boiling of a nanofluid on a heating surface with a nanorelief
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Slobodina E. N. , Mikhailov A. G. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Rogachev E. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Paramonov A. M. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Gass E. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: June 2024

The study of the boiling liquids processes is currently relevant, as it affects many energy areas and can offer new ways to improve the efficiency of energy plants. The properties and the nanolayer formation processes on the heater surface are the area of interest. Modification of the heater surface in power machinery with the formation of a porous layer on them is more promising than using nanofluid as a heat transfer fluid. The research of the nanolayer formation a during boiling provides insights into its properties and its effect on heat transfer during boiling. It has been experimentally established that when the suspension boils, porous deposits form on the heat exchange surface. Initially, the roughness caused by the deposition of nanoparticles increases, but after a while it begins to decrease due to the alignment of the sediment profile.
Influence of chemical fungicides on amount of soil micromycetes in spring rapeseed agrocenosis in the central zone of the Krasnodar region
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Serdyuk О.А.
Published: June 2024

Different soil fungi infect many agricultural crops. They cause infectious diseases of plants and can be a serious threat for crop yield that leads to significant losses in the agricultural economics all over the world. Currently, a chemical method of Brassicaceae oil crops protection is the most spread. An important technique of this method is presowing seed treatment decreasing a level of internal and external infections. Fungicides must be both effective against diseases and environmentally friendly. Currently, there is no unequivocal opinion how the chemical fungicides influence on soil microflora. The purpose of the research was to study impact of some seed protectants on an amount of suppressor fungi from species Trichoderma Pers. and pathogenic fungi from species Fusarium Link. in soil in spring rapeseed agrocenosis. The research was conducted at the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops in 2020–2022. Before sowing, the seeds were treated with protectants with active ingredients: thiram, WSC (400 g/l) (etalon), carboxin + thiram, WSC (200 + 200 g/l), imazalil + tebuconazole, OE (100 + 60 g/l), and fludioxonil, SC (25 g/l). Soil was sampled before planting of treated rapeseed seeds and in crop phases of 2–4 true leaves and yellow pods. The soil layer from 0 to 10 cm was studied as it contains the most amount of lateral roots of this crop. To the rapeseed maturation, amounts of suppressor fungi in variants with application of preparations was at the level of the control; it increased by 1.8–2.4 × 103 CFU/g and reached 7.3–8.0 × 103 CFU/g, maximal meaning was in variant with an active ingredient fludioxonil (25 g/l). The amount of pathogenic micromycetes Fusarium spp. was by 1.7–2.0 times lower the control to the rapeseed maturation in variants with application of preparations.
High oleic sunflower hybrid Klip VO resistant to imidazolinone herbicides
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Demurin Ya.N. , Chebanova Yu.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Pikhtyaryova A.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Magomedova N.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Peretyagina Т.М. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Rubanova O.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Frolov S.S. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: June 2024

A hybrid Klip VO was developed for cultivation in production systems based on imidazolinones application to obtain high oleic oil from commercial seeds. The hybrid is characterized with high potential of productivity and oleic acid content of 86%.
Frequency of occurrence of Heterodera schachtii on oil crops from Brassicaceae family in the Krasnodar region
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Serdyuk О.А.
Published: June 2024

A beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii Schmidt is an obligate parasite, which infected many kinds of agricultural crops in different countries. It penetrates into internal tissues of plant root and causes mechanical destructions of cells. The disease manifests itself in a form of plant wilting. Yield decrease can reaches up to 50%. The purpose of the research was to determine frequency of occurrence of the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii Schmidt in sowings of winter and spring oil crops from a Brassicaceae family in the Krasnodar region. The observations of sowings of the studied crops were conducted in phases of a vegetative period 2–4 true leaves and green pod on fields of the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops in 2010–2023. In these phases, 20 plants were selected on ten equidistant plots diagonally across the sowings of each crop. The frequency of occurrence of Heterodera schachtii was calculated as a ratio between numbers of sick and healthy plants expressed as a percentage, and then divided into groups: infected plants are absent; low (to 10% of infected plants); average (from 11 to 50% of infected plants); high (51% and more of infected plants). The beet cyst nematode was allocated in plants of all studied crops, besides winter and spring false flax. In years, when the disease was stated in sowings of oil crops from the Brassicaceae family, the frequency of the diseases occurrence was low (up to 10%) in both phases of plant development 2021. And in 2021, it increased to average level (11–18%) on winter and spring rapeseed and brown mustard. An infection degree of plants of all studied groups was equal 1–3 points with a predominance of 1 point.
Elements of application technologies of laboratory samples of mixed microbiological preparations in a preparative form wettable powder based on promising antagonist strains under natural infection of oil flax with fusarium wilt in fields
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Maslienko L.V. , Deynega L.А. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Efimtseva Е.А. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: June 2024

In 2022, laboratory samples of mixed microbiological preparations in a preparative form wettable powder (WB) based on promising strains-producers were tested in the laboratory of biological methods at the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops in field conditions under natural infection of oil flax with fusariosis. We determined the optimal consumption rates the laboratory samples of WB of the mixed microbiopreparations based on different ratios (1 : 1; 1 : 2; 1 : 3) of promising fungal T-1 Trichoderma sp. and bacterial 11-3 Bacillus sp. components. A chemical etalon Redigo Pro had no protective effect at a middle level of fusariosis infection (25.9%) on oil flax variety VNIIMK 620 in control variant without microbiopreparations treatment. The biological etalons based on a separate producer had the biological efficiency against disease for a fungal strain with a consumption rate of 0.05 kg/t – 66.0% with a low additional yield of 0.17 t/ha, and for a bacterial strain with a consumption rate of 0.2 kg/t – 40.5% with additional yield 0.24 t/ha. The optimal consumption rate of the laboratory samples WP of the mixed microbiopreparations in all test variants of ratios be-tween fungal and bacterial components id 0.3 kg/t. At this consumption rate of wettable powder, ratio 1 : 1 had the biological efficiency against fusariosis 54.8% with an additional yield of 0.44 t/ha; ratio 1 : 2 had a protective effect of 40.5% and additional yield of 0.23 t/ha; the biological efficiency of a ratio 0 : 3 was 56.0% with an additional yield of 0.54 t/ha.
Dificuldades encontradas pelas puérperas no processo de amamentação no período hospitalar
Authors: Garcia Júlia Boldt , Dal Molin Rossano Sartori , Salcher Fernanda Gava
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Descrever sobre os benefícios do leito materno e suas características e quais os desafios encontrados pelas mães ao amamentar durante o processo da alta hospitalar. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo exploratório – descritiva, que contou com a participação de 15 puerpéras, com idades entre 16 e 37 anos. Para a entrevista, utilizou-se um questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas que abordavam perguntas sobre a puerpéra, recém-nascido, orientações recebidas e percepções. Os resultados foram organizados e discutidos em categorias analíticas. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Foi possível avaliar quais as dificuldades e os desafios encontrados pelas puerpéras, e de que forma a equipe multidisciplinar estava auxiliando e sanando dúvidas, afim de promover um cuidado com excelência durante o período hospitalar. Conclusão: Conclui-se que parte das puérperas que participaram deste estudo, possuíam conhecimento insuficiente sobre os temas abordados durante as entrevistas, devido à falta de informações e/ou orientações incompletas.
Diminuição da cobertura vacinal da BCG na região sudeste: investigação dos fatores associados em períodos consecutivos e a relação com o SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Santos Karla Souza dos , Guerra Carlos Henrique Wernersbach
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a diminuição da cobertura vacinal da BCG na Região Sudeste e descrever os possíveis fatores associados em períodos consecutivos e a relação da BCG com o Sars-CoV-2. Métodos: É uma pesquisa observacional, transversal e quantitativa, abrangendo dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) sobre a cobertura vacinal no período de 2015 a 2022 com foco na região sudeste do país, com fontes referenciais como Google Acadêmico, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Sociedade Brasileira de Imunização (SBIM), Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS). Resultados: A análise revelou uma tendência decrescente na cobertura vacinal da BCG na Região Sudeste, especialmente de 2019 a 2022, com média inferior a 90%, sendo abaixo do esperado. A pandemia de COVID-19 foi correlacionada à queda, destacando a complexa inter-relação entre eventos epidemiológicos e adesão à vacinação. Fatores como desinformação, grupos antivacinas e desafios logísticos foram identificados como influentes na baixa cobertura. Conclusão: Estratégias educacionais adaptadas às características regionais e a promoção da confiança na vacinação são essenciais para reverter a tendência decrescente na cobertura vacinal da BCG na Região Sudeste.
O olhar da enfermagem para a saúde dos povos originários
Authors: Silva Dandara Pietra de Mamann da , Furtunato Wellingthon Alves , Chaves Suellen Cristina da Silva , Melo Filho Pedro Leite de
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Mapear na literatura científica estudos que apresente o contexto da saúde dentro de aldeias de difícil acesso. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa. Para construção da pergunta norteadora utilizou-se a estratégia PICo. Os estudos foram selecionados nas bases de dados: LILACS, PUBMED, SCOPUS, SCIELO, Google acadêmico, BVS e SCIENCE DIRECT, no mês de abril de 2023. Como critérios de inclusão, estudos que correspondessem a temática e sem recorte temporal. Como critérios de exclusão, população na indígena, estudos incompletos e realizados no ambiente hospitalar. Resultados: Incialmente foi selecionado 440 artigos, após o emprego dos critérios de elegibilidade apenas um total de 38 artigos foram considerados aptos para leitura na integra, destes apenas 12 compuseram a revisão final. Os estudos selecionados foram caracterizados quanto ao título, objetivo da pesquisa, ano de publicação, local, método, principais achados e bases de dados. Considerações finais: Com os dados oriundos da literatura, pode-se observar que dentro das ações de saúde nas aldeias de difícil acesso, existe uma lacuna na literatura a respeito da imunização. Dessa forma, sugere-se que a temática seja aprofundada nas pesquisas cientificas.
Adverse events and sedation characteristics of propofol and dexmedetomidine during magnetic resonance imaging: An observational study in neuropsychiatric population
Authors: Narayanan Shyamala , Kamath Sriganesh , Chakrabarti Dhritiman
Published: June 2024

Objectives:

Propofol and dexmedetomidine are the most commonly used sedative drugs during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. However, data regarding peri-procedural adverse events, and the profile of these drugs concerning the quality of sedation, imaging, and recovery is limited in neurological and psychiatric populations. This study aimed to compare adverse events and sedation characteristics of propofol and dexmedetomidine during MRI studies in patients with neurological and psychiatric illnesses.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective observational study was conducted between March 2020 and September 2021 after the Ethics Committee’s approval and informed consent. Patients of all ages and genders undergoing elective MRI studies for neurological, neurosurgical, or psychiatric illness under sedation with either dexmedetomidine or propofol infusion were included in the study.

Results:

The patients in the dexmedetomidine group were older, had higher body mass index, and had more pre-procedure risk factors than the propofol group. Pre-medication use (midazolam or ketamine) was more in the propofol group. There was no difference in respiratory adverse events, but cardiovascular events (bradycardia and hypotension) were more with dexmedetomidine. There was no difference in the quality of sedation (patient movement, image quality, and need for repeating the imaging sequence). Recovery time from anesthesia was faster, and Aldrete score and Observer Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale scores in the post-anesthesia care unit were higher with propofol.

Conclusion:

Cardiovascular but not respiratory adverse events were more with dexmedetomidine, recovery profile was better with propofol, and both the drugs were similar regarding the quality of sedation and images in neurological and psychiatric patients undergoing MRI study.
Awake neurosurgery: Advancements in microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Fareed Areeba , Iftikhar Zoha , Haider Ramsha , Shah Safa Irfan , Ennabe Michelle , Alan Albert , Weinand Martin
Published: June 2024

Background:

The treatment landscape for trigeminal neuralgia (TN) involves various surgical interventions, among which microvascular decompression (MVD) stands out as highly effective. While MVD offers significant benefits, its success relies on precise surgical techniques and patient selection. In addition, the emergence of awake surgery techniques presents new opportunities to improve outcomes and minimize complications associated with MVD for TN.

Methods:

A thorough review of the literature was conducted to explore the effectiveness and challenges of MVD for TN, as well as the impact of awake surgery on its outcomes. PubMed and Medline databases were searched from inception to March 2024 using specific keywords “Awake Neurosurgery,” “Microvascular Decompression,” AND “Trigeminal Neuralgia.” Studies reporting original research on human subjects or preclinical investigations were included in the study.

Results:

This review highlighted that MVD emerges as a highly effective treatment for TN, offering long-term pain relief with relatively low rates of recurrence and complications. Awake surgery techniques, including awake craniotomy, have revolutionized the approach to MVD, providing benefits such as reduced postoperative monitoring, shorter hospital stays, and improved neurological outcomes. Furthermore, awake MVD procedures offer opportunities for precise mapping and preservation of critical brain functions, enhancing surgical precision and patient outcomes.

Conclusion:

The integration of awake surgery techniques, particularly awake MVD, represents a significant advancement in the treatment of TN. Future research should focus on refining awake surgery techniques and exploring new approaches to optimize outcomes in MVD for TN.
Kontaminasi Escherichia coli pada Minuman Kekinian di Pusat Kota Kabupaten Mamuju
Authors: Islam Fahrul , Ahmad Haeranah , Saddania Sitti
Published: June 2024

Popularitas minuman kekinian yang semakin meningkat menyebabkan bernjamurnya gerai–gerai minuman kekinian masyarakat Indonesia, termasuk di pusat kota Kabupaten Mamuju. Pengelolaan yang tidak higienis dan saniter dapat menyebabkan pencemaran bakteri di dalam minuman yang mengakibatkan terjadinya gangguan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan bakteriologis Escherichia coli (E.coli) pada minuman kekinian di pusat kota Kabupaten Mamuju dalam rangka upaya pencegahan penyakit yang berhubungan dengan kandungan E.coli yang tidak sesuai dengan peraturan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode observasional dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pemeriksaan bakteri E. coli pada minuman kekinian menggunakan metode Most Probable Number (MPN) yang terdiri dari presumtive test (uji penduga), dan confirmed test (konfirmasi). Pengambilan sampel menggunakan pendekatan purposive sampling dengan mengambil sampel pada 11 pedagang minuman kekinian dengan kedai permanen dan 11 pedagang minuman kekinian dengan kedai kontainer yang ada di pusat kota Kabupaten Mamuju. Penelitian ini dilaksakan pada bulan Juni-September 2023. Hasil penelitian: pada 11 sampel minuman dari kedai kontainer kedai kontainer sebanyak 91% (n=10) yang positif dan 9% (n=1) yang negatif terdeteksi keberadaan E.coli, sedangkan pada jenis kedai permanen 73% (n=8) yang positif dan 27% (n=3) yang negatif terdeteksi keberadaan E.coli. Kesimpulan: Sebagian Besar minuman kekinian yang beredar di Pusat Kota Kabupaten Mamuju positif mengandung Bakteri E.coli. Keberadaan E.coli dalam makanan dan minuman menandakan tingkat sanitasi yang kurang memadai dan mengindikasikan kemungkinan terjadinya kontaminasi oleh tinja manusia sehingga dapat menyebabkan berbagai penyakit pada saluran pencernaan. Saran: sebaiknya dilakukan pemeriksaan bakteri E.coli sampai ke uji penegasan. Sebaiknya dilakukan upaya pengawasan terhadap hygiene sanitasi minuman kekinian secara berkala dan terprogram oleh Dinas Kesehatan.
Determinants of Electric Cigarette (Vape) Use by Adolescents In Indonesia
Authors: Wirajaya Karma , Farmani Putu Ika , Laksmini Putu Ayu
Published: June 2024

Vaping is a form of changing conventional cigarettes into electronic cigarettes. Since 2014, the distribution of e-cigarettes throughout the world has become a trend and has reached various groups of consumers. In Indonesia, e-cigarette users continue to increase every year. GATS (Global Adult Tobacco Survey) findings in 2021 submitted by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia found that there was an increase in the prevalence of e-cigarette users up to 10 times compared to the last survey in 2011, from 0.3% to 3% including in the world is increasing, especially in teenagers. This research aims to determine the determinants of electronic cigarette (vape) use among teenagers in Indonesia. This research uses a systematic literature study through searches using the Google Scholar site. The inclusion criteria are the article has been published in a journal, explains the factors of electronic cigarette/vape use among teenagers and the article can be downloaded while the exclusion criteria is the article only form an abstract. Based on these criteria, 13 articles were obtained. As a result, several factors influence the use of electronic cigarettes (vape) among teenagers in Indonesia. These factors include knowledge, perception of e-cigarettes, support from friends and family, cigarette information/advertisement, ease of access to e-cigarettes, price of e-cigarettes, and lifestyle influencing adolescent behavior in using e-cigarettes (vape). There needs to be a policy from the government to regulate the use of e-cigarettes in Indonesia.
Hubungan Faktor Individu terhadap Stress Kerja pada Karyawan Operasi PT-XYZ Tahun 2023
Authors: Wicaksono Faridl , Susilowati Indri Hapsari , Susanto Arif
Published: June 2024

Terjadi 19.67 cedera per 200.000 jam kerja karyawan pertambangan tahun 2019 di Ghana, cedera tersebut diakibatkan kesenjangan antara operasi pertambangan dengan pengetahuan maupun keterampilan pekerjanya. Kesenjangan tersebut secara umum dapat menimbulkan stress kerja. Berbagai faktor dapat menimbulkan stress kerja, baik disebabkan faktor individu maupun faktor terkait kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor- faktor tersebut terhadap stress kerja pada karyawan operasi pertambangan PT-XYZ. Responden penelitian berjumlah 226, terbagi dalam 5 departemen yaitu Konstruksi, Pengolahan, Geoteknikal, Operasi tambang bawah tanah (Ops.) dan Operasi perbaikan (Mtc.). Desain penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan metode penelitian studi potong lintang. Variabel dependen berupa stress kerja yang diukur mengunakan Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) sedangkan variabel independen berupa faktor usia, pendidikan, masa kerja, jenis kelamin dan status pekerja diambil menggunakan kuesioner secara umum. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji Chi-square. Terdapat sebanyak 46 responden (20,4%) mengalami stress kerja. Penelitian ini menunjukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor usia pekerja (0.03) dan jenis kelamin (0.05) pekerja dengan stress kerja pada karyawan operasi pertambangan PT-XYZ. Pemahaman terhadap faktor usia dan jenis kelamin pekerja yang mempengaruhi stress kerja dapat memberikan gambaran bagi PT-XYZ untuk menyusun kebijakan, prosedur maupun intervensi yang tepat dalam mengelola keselamatan pertambangan.
Thoroughbred or mongrel?
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Authors: Тариченко А. , Козликин А. , Жуков Р. , Скрипин П.
Published: June 2024

Свиноматок породы крупная белая целесообразно скрещивать с хряками породы ландрас, поскольку помесный молодняк характеризуется лучшими откормочными качествами и превосходит чистопородных сверстников по интенсивности роста и по продуктивности.

It is practicable to cross Large White sows with Landrace boars as hybrid young animals are characterized by better fattening qualities and surpass thoroughbred herdmates in growth intensity and productivity.
Orbital Exchange Calculations of Chemical Bonding in Some Molecules Containing Carbon
Authors: Merrithew Paul
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this paper is to extend the application of the orbital exchange method to a series of molecules containing carbon. The paper describes the calculation of bond length, bond strength and dipole moment in ethane, ethylene, acetylene, benzene, allene, hydrogen cyanide, formaldehyde, floromethane, tetrafloromethane and floromethylidyne (CF). This work explains how the s bonding orbital coefficients in such molecules as ethylene and acetylene are maximized to enable shorter and stronger carbon-carbon bonds. Pi orbital resonance of the form [C-C+,CC,C+C-] in ethylene, acetylene, and benzene is described and quantified. Pi orbital resonance in HCN [CN,C+N-] and H2CO [CO,C+O-] and sigma orbital resonance in H3CF [H3CF, H3C+F-], CF4 and CF is quantified. Secondary interactions are described. Calculated bond lengths are generally within 0.003Å of observed values. Calculated molecular energies are within 2%.
A six-legged piano stool dysprosium single-molecule magnet
Authors: Corner Sophie , Blackmore William , Gransbury Gemma , Whitehead George , Chilton Nicholas , Mills David
Published: June 2024

Dysprosium single-molecule magnets (SMMs) with two mutually trans- anionic ligands have shown large crystal field (CF) splitting, giving record effective energy barriers to magnetic reversal (Ueff) and hysteresis temperatures (TH). However, these complexes tend to be bent, imposing a transverse field that reduces the purity of the mJ projections of the CF states and promotes magnetic relaxation. A complex with only one anionic ligand could have more pure CF states, and thus high Ueff and TH. Here we report the first example of an SMM with this topology, [Dy(C5Me5)(FPh)6][{Al[OC(CF3)3]3}2(µ-F)]2 (1-Dy), which exhibits Ueff = 564(33) cm–1 and TH = 14 K at sweep rates of 22 Oe s–1; the C5Me5 ligand imposes a strong axial CF and the five equatorially-bound neutral fluorobenzenes present only weak transverse interactions. We show that complexes such as 1-Dy can be useful starting materials for heteroleptic Ln complexes as the fluorobenzenes are easily displaced.