bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Rare Case of Primary Hepatic Adenosquamous Carcinoma Mimicking Liver Abscess
Authors: Liu Wei
Published: January 2022

A 61-year-old woman with a 3-week history of chills, fevers to 39°C, anorexia, weight loss, and fatigue was referred to our hospital due to the progressive discomforts over the last week. Her documented medical history was notable for well-controlled type 2 diabetes. Physical examination was unremarkable. Notable laboratory tests of the blood revealed a hemoglobin level of 90 g/L, a white blood cell count of 11.7×109/L with neutrophil 90.7%, albumin 31.6 g/L, gamma glutamyl transferase 331 IU/L, alkaline phosphatase 748 IU/L. Direct microbiologic detection and cultures were negative for hepatitis B and C virus, bacterial and fungal pathogens, and human immunodeficiency virus. A computed tomography scan of the chest was unremarkable. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography discovered an ill-defined and sub-circular lowdensity region measuring 7.6×6.1cm with patchy enhancement in the right lobe of liver (Figure A), which implied a liver abscess. Empiric antibiotics were changed to meropenem combined with metronidazole on day three of hospitalisation. However, the fever did not alleviate with poorly therapeutic effect. Ultrasound-guided biopsy was performed and purulent fluid was collected to make a definitive diagnosis of the liver mass. Surprisingly, The histopathological detection of a needle biopsy sample confirmed neoplastic necrosis with negative bacterial and fungal culture of the purulent fluid. The patient then underwent right hemihepatectomy and histopathologic examination further revealed that the lesion included a mixture of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with mucin production and squamous cell carcinoma with keratinization, as well as large patchy necrosis (Figure B). On immunostaining, the lesion stained strongly with CK5/6, P63, and P40, and was also partially positive for CK7, CK8/18, and Cam5.2 with negative staining for hepatocyte and alpha-fetoprotein, which were consistent with adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver. Primary hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma is a rare variant of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with approximately 10 cases reported within 5 years.1,2 The pathogenesis of adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver is largely unknown owing to limited data in the literature. Fever, jaundice, weight loss, anorexia, and abdominal pain are the most frequently reported clinical manifestations.3 Adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver usually presents atypical imaging characteristics, which is difficult to distinguish it from liver abscess, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver metastasis. Adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver is a highly aggressive neoplasm and the median survival time is 6 months after surgery.4 Therefore, preoperative diagnosis is of vital importance to predict a poor prognosis. Despite postoperative chemoradiation, the patient passed away 7 months after surgery.
Femural Fracture in Pregnancay
Authors: S Popi Kostic
Published: January 2022

Ortopedic injury is rare in pregnancy with incidence of 1%.1 The most commun injury is femural fracture and it is more often in third trimester of pregnancy. We present a case of untraumatic unilateral neck fractur of femur in third trimester of pregnancy. The fracture was not surgically repaired. The patient had vaginal delivered. In meantime, befor and after delivery, she have a prophylaxis therapy with Low Molecular Heparin. Keywords: Pregnancy; Femoral Fracture; Antepartum Testing; Venous Thromboembolism Preventation; Osteoporosis in Pregnancy.
Recurrence of Aggressive Urothelial Carcinoma in an Ileal Neobladder without Involvement of Remaining Urothelium
Authors: M Amanda
Published: January 2022

We review a case of a 70-year-old male with a recurrence of urothelial carcinoma in an ileal neobladder without involvement of the remaining urothelium two years after a radical cystoprostatectomy. This case is extremely rare especially due to the lack of recurrence in the urethra or upper urinary tract. Abbreviations BCG: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin; CIS: Carcinoma in situ; CT: Computerized/computed tomography; NCCN: National Comprehensive Cancer Network; PE: Pulmonary embolism; PET: Positron emission tomography; RC: Radical cystectomy; TURBT: Trans-urethral resection of bladder tumor; UC: Urothelial carcinoma. Keywords: Urothelial carcinoma; Ileal; neobladder; Tumor; Recurrence; Metastasis.
KARAKTERISTIK TIPOLOGI ARSITEKTUR KOLONIAL BELANDA RUMAH BASTION BENTENG FORT ORANJE DI TERNATE
Authors: Harisun Endah , Conoras M Amrin MS
Published: January 2022

Ternate Region which was once the center of European power in the archipelago before being transferred to Jakarta by Governor-General Jan Pieterzen Coen. (1619-1623), who later renamed Batavia, was the V.O.C (Dutch East Indian Company) headquarters, the world's first multi-national company, for Southeast Asia centered on the Orange fortress Ternate. Orange fortress built by Cornelis Metalief de Jonge in 1606-1609. V.O.C. which recorded putting his governor in Ternate as many as 55 people from 1607 to 1810, depart from this history so up to now, the existence of Dutch buildings in the city of Ternate can still be found. The method used in this research, is a qualitative descriptive method that focuses on the overall description of the form, function, and periodization associated with the legacy of the Dutch Colonial Architecture in Ternate. The existence of colonial architectural heritage in Ternate becomes very important to maintain the existence of Ternate as one of the regions that have historical value in Indonesia. In order to support it, this research process becomes very important for the development of architectural science in Ternate City and the general contribution of this research is expected to complete the documentation about the development of the city of Ternate not only in terms of its history but in terms of its architectural wealth
Morfologi Kota Ternate
Authors: Ibrahim Maulana
Published: January 2022

Ternate City as an old city and has a long history of experiencing a change in character that damages the authenticity and uniqueness of the city, the heritage of the city and its cultural heritage. This study aims to find the spatial pattern of Ternate city, with the approach of spatial morphology, so that the conditions of the original space and its changes can be found. The method used is literature study in the form of old maps and new maps, comparing changes in space from time to time, analyzing the diachronic and synchronic processes of change to find spatial structures so that they can be used as references in the city's architectural preservation efforts. Keywords: morphology, character, city, Ternate
MODEL BIAYA PERJALANAN KERJA ANTAR PULAU DI PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA
Authors: Hakim Raudha , Togubu Jamalun
Published: January 2022

Kedudukan kota Sofifi (Pulau Halmahera) sebagai pusat pemerintahan dengan penyebaran penduduk yang tidak merata sehingga menyebabkan kepadatan penduduk di daerah bervariasi dimana sebagian besar kelompok pekerja (ASN) berdomisili di Pulau Ternate.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memodelkan biaya perjalanan yang bersifat perjalanan antar pulau dari kota Ternate ke kota Sofifi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan model regresi. Melalui pendekatan ini, utilitas dan biaya perjalanan dapat dimodelkan. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan survei wawancara terhadap populasi perjalanan dari Kota Ternate ke kota Sofifi. Survei ini berbasis kueisioner yang memuat mengenai variabel-variabel sosio-demografi individu dan karakteristik perjalanan tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan gambaran tentang karakteristik perjalanan kerja dan model biaya perjalanan kerja antar pulau di Provinsi Maluku Utara.
PENYEBARAN ENDAPAN NIKEL LATERIT PULAU OBI KABUPATEN HALMAHERA SELATAN PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA
Authors: Haya Arbi , Conoras Wawan Ak , Firman Firman
Published: January 2022

Nikel laterit adalah produk residual pelapukan kimia pada batuan ultrabasa. Pelapukan pada peridotit menyebabkan unsur-unsur dengan mobilitas rendah sampai immobile seperti Ni, Fe dan Co mengalami pengayaan secara residual dan sekunder. Pulau Obi merupakan salah satu daerah yang dianggap prospek terhadap endapan nikel laterit terutama di Pulau Obi bagian Utara. Kandungan logam Ni (nikel), Fe (besi), dan Co (kobal), di daerah ini merupakan hasil pelapukan dari dunit. Penelitian ini melakukan pengkajian lebih spesifik mengenai penyebaran endapan nikel laterit khususnya di Pulau Obi, Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan, Propinsi Maluku Utara. Litologi daerah penelitian disusun oleh konglomerat, diorit dan dunit. Profil endapan nikel laterit daerah penelitian terdiri atas zona limonit, saprolit dan bedrock. Ketebalan zona limonit bervariasi dari 1 - 5 meter. Ketebalan zona saprolit mencapai 16 meter. Berdasarkan penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa profil geokimia di daerah penelitian menujukan terjadinya ketidak normalan distribusi unsur-unsur yang ada, baik unsur Ni, Co, Fe, SiO2, CaO dan MgO. Selain itu, ketebalan dan kedalaman endapan nikel laterit dapat bervariasi. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian yang lebih mendalam lagi mengenai penyebaran endapan nikel laterit karena setiap lokasi memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda.
DESAIN RUANG JALAN BENDI PADA KAWASAN PERKOTAAN KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Pasri Andi Arifah , Sabaruddin Sabaruddin
Published: January 2022

Bendi merupakan  non-motorized transport yang memiliki keuntungan sejalan dengan prinsip sustainable city. Di Ternate, transportasi publik yang bersifat sebagai paratransit adalah bendi dan merupakan transportasi yang ramah lingkungan, dan membawa penumpang memiliki beberapa keuntungan seperti harga yang relatif terjangkau, penetrasi spasial yang kuat, bebas polusi, atraktif secara pariwisata, memiliki nilai budaya dan berperan tidak hanya sebatas transportasi wisata tapi juga transportasi publik secara umum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyiapkan konsep desain jalur bendi di wilayah perkotaan kota Ternate pada ruas-ruas jalan yang terpilih. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengumpulan data lapangan melalui analisis diskriptif kualitatif dengan beberapa indikator yaitu Karakteristik dan ruang gerak bendi, standar penataan ruang, setting ruang jalan. Konsep desain jalur sepeda akan diterapkan pada 5 ruas jalan yaitu jalan, Hasan Esa, Ahmad Yani, Pahlawan Revolusi, Djabar syah dan jalan Nukila
ANALISIS KUALITAS LAYANAN E-GOVERMENT MENGGUNAKAN METODE SERVQUAL (STUDI KASUS KANTOR SAMSAT KOLAKA)
Authors: Ningsi Nurfitria , Gusnawati Gusnawati , Z Noorhasanah
Published: January 2022

Objektif dari studi ini adalah Untuk mengetahui kualitas pelayanan sistem informasi pajak kendaraan bermotor pada Kantor SAMSAT kolaka, dimana model analisis yang digunakan adalah lima dimensi SERVQUAL dengan total Responden 100 orang. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan statistik  terdapat gap antara persepsi dan harapan dari kualitas layanan sistem informasi pajak kendaraan untuk masing-masing dimensi Servqual, dimana pada variabel tangibels terdapat rata-rata gap sebesar (-0.415), reability (-0.19), responsiveness (-0.28667), assurance (-0.26667), empathy (-0.17), dan variabel Y sebesar (-0.36571). Dari perhitung regresi berganda yang menggunakan SPSS ada beberapa variabel yang tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan konsumen karena nilai taraf signifikan yang lebih besar dari 0.05 diantaranya variabel assurance dengan nilai signifikan sebesar 0.590 dan variabel empathy yang nilai signifikan sebesar 0.113. penambahan variabel lain dalam menggali kepuasan konsumen atas kualitas layanan sistem informasi pajak kendaraan bermotor.
STUDI EVALUASI PENEMPATAN RAMBU DAN MARKA TERHADAP GEOMETRIK JALAN DI KECAMATAN TERNATE BARAT
Authors: Yuda Saputraa Muhammad Taufiq , Anwar Chairul
Published: January 2022

About 90% of the information needed to drive is received by the driver visually through the eye. Little information is received by hearing (horns, shock markers) and sense of taste (rough profile/walking markers). The research objective was to evaluate the performance of traffic signs and road markings on several roads in Ternate City.This type of research is a combination of direct field surveys and observations as well as literature (literature) related to the placement of signs and markers in accordance with urban road traffic standards. This research was conducted on Jalan Merdeka and Jalan Ahmad Yani, Ternate City with the consideration that these roads have a fairly high traffic density.The results of the survey and observation of the condition of signs and road markings for Jalan Merdeka and Jalan Ahmad Yani in Ternate City, namely: there are still traffic signs that are not maintained and the condition of the signs is damaged. It is necessary to repair the leaf signs and repainting it. In some direction signs, the shape and size of the writing do not meet the standards of the Minister of the Republic of Indonesia No. 61 of 1993. Recommendations for placing signs and markings on roads with incomplete road equipment are as follows: warning signs for intersections, warning signs for T-junction, crossing signs and placing signs for public facilities.
A importância da Assistência Estudantil em tempos de pandemia: um relato de experiências do Núcleo de Desenvolvimento Educacional da Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana
Authors: Cunha Fernando Icaro Jorge , Barilli Elomar Christina Vieira Castilho , Pedroso Lisiane Guterres , Druzian Naiane Soares , Azambuja Suelen Martini , Conceição Márcio Magera , Almeida Ricardo Santos de , Lemos Junior Eloy Pereira , Crivellaro Amanda Zanesco , Silva Lilia de Oliveira , Branco Carlos Magno Araujo Castelo , Sousa Luciane Porto Frazão de , Santos Patrícia Pato dos , Bezerra Érica Paula Borri , Moleda Joana Maristela Moreira , Macêdo Vanderlan Feitosa de , Costa Laís Souza da , Panzo João Kiala Vioka , Dos Santos Ivanildo
Published: January 2022

O artigo enfoca as políticas de Assistência estudantil realizadas pelo Núcleo de Desenvolvimento Educacional - NuDE da Universidade Federal do Pampa, Unipampa, Campus Uruguaiana, expressas em ações de apoio financeiro para os bolsistas de Assistência estudantil, com o objetivo de problematizar a relação entre vulnerabilidade socioeconômica com os desafios trazidos pela pandemia, especificamente o período de isolamento social e o Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE). A discussão aqui colocada se empenha em evidenciar a forte ligação entre os estudantes em situação de vulnerabilidade social e sua permanência, compreensão que sustentou o levantamento dos níveis de satisfação destes sujeitos. O estudo se apoia nos pressupostos teóricos da gestão escolar participativa, inserindo as políticas na ótica democrática. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa, de caráter quanti-qualitativo, de natureza exploratória, buscou entender o papel das políticas a partir do olhar dos assistidos, adotando, como marco teórico de análise, a antropologia do desenvolvimento, Devido a extensão da investigação, este artigo enfoca a primeira fase referindo-se à satisfação geral e desafios enfrentados pela população estudada, a partir três categorias principais: saúde mental, equilíbrio financeiro e desafios para adaptação ao ERE traduzidas em cinco questões colocadas no instrumento de coleta de dados. A condição de inclusão foi a renda familiar não exceder a um salário mínimo e meio por pessoa. Os resultados mostraram que as ações de Assistência Estudantil (auxílios financeiros para complementação da alimentação, aluguéis e infraestrutura de conexão) têm contribuído com os estudantes assistidos. Os auxílios ainda foram ampliados abarcando demandas emergenciais (Auxílio à Inclusão Digital) para melhorar acesso ao ERE, promovendo a permanência dos estudantes, mesmo em meio à crise da COVID-19.
O protagonismo do enfermeiro no ambiente escolar: a educação em saúde pode salvar vidas
Authors: Guimaraes Junior de jesus , Silva Jean David Alves da , Sousa Derijulie Siqueira de , Marques Carine Santana Ferreira , Carvalho Thialla Andrade
Published: January 2022

O objetivo do estudo é descrever as ações dos profissionais e estudantes da saúde no ambiente escolar, priorizando o enfermeiro como protagonista de educação em saúde de forma preventiva com ênfase nos primeiros socorros. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, na qual foi elaborado o referencial teórico através de pesquisa nas bases de dados eletrônicos: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e nas seguintes bases de dados: National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e revistas científica eletrônica. Nos períodos de 2015-2021. Foi possível evidenciar como a atuação da enfermagem no âmbito escolar para a promoção do conhecimento em primeiros socorros é vital para evitar desfechos alarmantes em situações de risco iminente. Muitas vezes o público leigo é o primeiro a evidenciar esses casos, nesse ínterim a formação desse público em primeiros socorros desde a fase escolar é algo essencial para que essa criança ao se tornar adulto conheça as condutas básicas de suporte básico a vida e consiga prestar uma assistência mais qualificada. Após a análise de todos os fatores que compõem esse estudo, podemos concluir que a presença de um profissional de saúde, em particular o enfermeiro dentro do ambiente escolar como educador e promotor de saúde, a escola por sua vez, é responsável pela formação e construção dos cidadãos da nossa sociedade, com isso faz-se necessário a introdução de um plano de treinamento de suporte básico de vida, influenciar na migração da cultura curativa para uma cultura mais preventiva.
Aplicações clínicas da tomografia computadorizada cone beam na endodontia: revisão de literatura
Authors: Silva Rita de Cássia Pereira , Bezerra Mariana dos Santos , Gonzaga Géssyca Luyse Procópio , Fonseca Ana Beatriz Macêdo , Silva Mayane Karyne Amâncio da , Santos Islyane de Albuquerque , Lessa Samara Verçosa
Published: January 2022

Na endodontia, o exame por imagem é essencial durante todas as etapas do tratamento. Neste sentido, o exame radiográfico e a tomografia computadorizada cone beam (TCCB), são métodos complementares utilizados no diagnóstico e planejamento do tratamento endodôntico. Com o advento da TCCB na terapia endodôntica, por se tratar de exame que utiliza a radiação e permite obter a reprodução de uma secção do corpo humano em quaisquer uns dos três planos do espaço, ou seja, em três dimensões (3D), com mínima distorção e dose de radiação significantemente reduzida em comparação à tomografia computorizada fan beam (tradicional), permitindo uma maior compreensão da anatomia e mensuração com a destruição de tecido por patologias perirradiculares. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o uso da tomografia computadorizada cone beam no tratamento endodôntico, tendo em vista sua importância na aplicabilidade clínica para proporcionar um melhor diagnóstico, planejamento, prognóstico, vantagens, desvantagens, limitações e contraindicações. Dessa forma, a TCCB surge como uma tecnologia que vem se aproximando do cirurgião-dentista, e suprindo as limitações radiográficas durante os passos operatórios. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica de literatura entre os anos 2006 até 2021, consultados nas bases de dados do SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), PubMed e LILACS (Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde).
Análise das condições clínicas e perfil demográfico dos pacientes politraumatizados atendidos pelo SAMU, na cidade de Belém do Pará, nos meses de fevereiro a março de 2016
Authors: Siqueira Claudia R. Dias , Souza Laís Guimarães , Dias Lívia Miranda , Neves Dilma Costa de Oliveira
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Descrever a incidência das condições clínicas e o perfil demográfico de pacientes atendidos pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU), por motivos traumáticos, na cidade de Belém do Pará, nos meses de fevereiro e março de 2016. Metodologia:  Estudo transversal, quantitativo e descritivo, tendo como fonte as fichas de atendimento do SAMU de Belém do Pará. Inclui-se apenas as que tinha identificação dos motivos do trauma de pacientes atendidos pelo SAMU do município de Belém, nos meses de fevereiro e março de 2016. Resultado: Foram analisados 944 registros de ocorrência de acidentes por causas externas, no período de estudo. Quanto às condições clínicas, a maioria dos pacientes apresentava valores pressóricos acima da normalidade (49,9%), acordados (62,4%), com saturação de oxigênio entre 95 e 99% (52,3%), frequências cardíaca e respiratória dentro da normalidade (75,6% e 47,9%, respectivamente) e com lesão em múltiplos segmentos corporais (26,9%). A faixa etária e o sexo mais acometidos foram, respectivamente, 20 a 59 anos de idade (71%) e o sexo masculino (66,9%). Quanto ao nível de consciência, boa parte dos homens (12,8%), de 20 a 59 anos (10%), foram encontrados alcoolizados. O motivo de acionamento mais prevalente foi devido a acidentes de trânsito, que predominou em ambos os sexos (50,8%) e na faixa etária de 20 a 59 anos (74%). Conclusão: Essa realidade encontrada reforça a necessidade de divulgação de medidas preventivas capazes de diminuir o número de ocorrências, por parte das autoridades governamentais sobre a educação, por exemplo, no trânsito, nas escolas, igrejas.
Türk Vatandaşlığının Yeniden Kazanılması
Authors: ERTEN Rifat
Published: January 2022

Türk hukuku, Türk vatandaşlığını kaybetmiş kişilerin, Türk vatandaşlığını tekrar kazanmalarına olumlu yaklaşmaktadır. 5901 sayılı Türk Vatandaşlığı Kanununda vatandaşlığın tekrar kazanılmasına yönelik iki yol öngörülmüştür: Türk vatandaşlığının yetkili makam kararıyla kazanılması ve seçme hakkıyla kazanılması. Bunlardan ilkinde Türk Vatandaşlığı Kanununda belirlenen kişi, talepte bulunması hâlinde yetkili makamın kararıyla Türk vatandaşlığını kazanabilir. Koşullarını taşıyan eski vatandaş, bu yoldan genel olarak vatandaşlık kazanmaya göre daha kolay vatandaşlık kazanabilir. İkincisinde Türk Vatandaşlığı Kanununda belirlenen kişinin talebi Türk vatandaşlığının kazanılması için yeterlidir. Türk vatandaşlığının yeniden kazanılması, Türk Vatandaşlığı Kanununun 13, 14 ve 43. maddelerinde düzenlenmiştir. Türk Vatandaşlığı Kanununun 13 ve 43. maddelerinde ikamet şartı aranmaksızın, 14. maddede ise ikamet şartıyla Türk vatandaşlığını kazanabilecekler belirlenmiştir. Her bir maddede ayrı ayrı bu yoldan vatandaşlığı kazanabilecek kişi grupları, yetkili makam ve vatandaşlığın kazanılması şartları da belirtilmiştir. Makalede, Türk Vatandaşlığı Kanununun söz konusu hükümleri hakkında açıklamalarda bulunulacak, vatandaşlık hukukunun temel ilkeleri çerçevesinde sorunlar tespit edilerek, değerlendirmeler yapılacaktır.
Tata Kelola Kelembagaan Pedagang Kaki Lima Sekitar Pasar Di Kota Kendari
Authors: Jaya Habri , Iswandi Marsuki , Alwi La Ode
Published: January 2022

The condition of street vendors in Kendari City is currently not as crowded as cities in other provinces, but the trend of the number of street vendors is increasing every year. This can be seen from the decreasing function of the sidewalk for pedestrians because it is used by street vendors to carry out their activities. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of street vendors and the factors of the presence of street vendors who occupy the sidewalks and shoulders of the road in Kendari City. The method used to analyze the factors of the presence of street vendors who occupy the shoulders and sidewalks and to determine the control system for street vendors who use the shoulders and sidewalks uses descriptive analysis. The results of this study are the characteristics of street vendors (PKL): main occupation (87%), types of vegetables into merchandise (14%), duration of trade <5 years (69%), and area of 2-4 m2 (80%) The factors for the existence of street vendors (PKL) occupying the shoulders and sidewalks around the market in Kendari City are weak rule enforcement, transactional systems, no place in the market, and location costs. Keywords: Governance, Street Vendors, Market Kondisi pedagang kaki lima di Kota Kendari saat ini belum sepadat kota-kota di Provinsi lain, namun kecenderungan jumlah PKL setiap tahunnya mengalami peningkatan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari semakin berkurangnya fungsi trotoar jalan bagi pejala kaki karena digunakan oleh pedagang kaki lima untuk melakukan kegiatannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui karakteristik pedagang kaki lima dan faktor-faktor keberadaan pedagang kaki lima yang menempati trotoar dan bahu jalan di Kota Kendari. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor keberadaan pedagang kaki lima yang menempati bahu jalan dan trotoar serta untuk mengetahui sistem penertiban pedagang kaki lima yang menggunakan bahu jalan dan trotoar menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu karakteristik pedagang kaki lima (PKL): pekerjaan utama (87%), jenis sayuran menjadi barang dagangan (14%), lama berdagang <5 tahun (69%), dan luas tempat 2-4 m2 (80%).Faktor-faktor keberadaan pedagang kaki lima (PKL) menempati bahu jalan dan trotoar disekitar pasar di Kota Kendari adalah lemahnya penegakan aturan, sistem transaksional, tidak ada tempat di dalam pasar, dan biaya lokasi..Kata Kunci: Tata Kelola, Pedagang Kaki Lima, Pasar
Where Have the Guardians Gone? Law Enforcement and the Politics of Supranational Forbearance in the European Union
Authors: Kelemen R. Daniel , Pavone Tommaso
Published: January 2022

Why would a supranational law enforcer suddenly refrain from wielding its powers? We theorize the supranational politics of forbearance– the deliberate under-enforcement of the law– and distinguish them from domestic forbearance. We explain why an exemplary supranational enforcer– the European Commission– became reluctant to launch infringements against European Union member states. While the Commission’s legislative role as “engine of integration” has been controversial, its enforcement role as “guardian of the Treaties” has been viewed as less contentious. Yet after 2004, infringements launched by the Commission plummeted. Triangulating between infringement statistics and elite interviews, we trace how the Commission grew alarmed that aggressive enforcement was jeopardizing intergovernmental support for its policy proposals. By embracing dialogue with governments over robust enforcement, the Commission sacrificed its role as guardian of the Treaties to safeguard its role as engine of integration. Our analysis holds broader implications for the study of forbearance in international organizations.
3+1 İş Başında Eğitim Uygulaması Modelinin Kahramankazan Meslek Yüksekokulu Örneğinde Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ALTUNTAŞ Sinan Can , YILDIZ Erkan , ŞAHİN Feride İffet
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışmada, Başkent Üniversitesi Kahramankazan Meslek Yüksekokulu tarafından 2020-2021 Akademik Yılı Bahar Döneminde gerçekleştirilen 3+1 İş Yeri Uygulamasından elde edilen sonuçlar tartışılmıştır. Pandemi koşulları nedeniyle uygulama 12 hafta süreyle icra edilmiştir. Uygulamaya katılma hakkı olan 227 öğrencinin %68,7’si (N=156) 139 farklı firmada eğitimlerini tamamlamıştır. Öğrencilerden %62,8’i (N=93) uygulama yaptıkları firmalardan iş teklifi almıştır. İş teklifi alan öğrencilerin %32,4’ü (N=48) iş teklifini kabul etmiştir. Öğrenci algılarına göre uygulama; planlı ve düzenli çalışmanın öğrenildiği, ekip çalışmalarının nasıl gerçekleştirildiği ve okulda verilen teorik bilgilerin iş yaşantısındaki pratik karşılıklarının ne olduğunun kavranıldığı bir faaliyet olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Öğrenci kabul eden firma algılarına göre de öğrencilerin verimli çalışarak firmalara katkı sağladıkları tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda iş yaşamına hazırlık açısından çok önemli bir faaliyet olduğu belirtilmiştir.
Ventania no Coração da Bahia
Authors: Machado Isabel , Bezerra Tenille
Published: January 2022

Documentary short about the centuries-long relationship between the Saint Barbara/Iansã Feast and a popular market in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. (25:03 minutes)
Available to view at https://networks.h-net.org/system/files/contributed-files/ventanianocoracaodabahia1.mp4.
Celebration of One
Authors: Machado Isabel , Molinari Valeria
Published: January 2022

Brief interview with Valeria Molinari
On the Materiality of Festivities
Authors: Machado Isabel
Published: January 2022

Introduction to the special issue on "The Materiality of Festivities"
Predicting Future Shifts in the Distribution of Tropicalization Indicator Fish that Affect Coastal Ecosystem Services of Japan
Authors: Sudo Kenji , Maehara Serina , Nakaoka Masahiro , Fujii Masahiko
Published: January 2022

Tropicalization characterized by an increase in marine species originating from the tropical waters affects human society in various ways. An increase in toxic harmful species negatively affects fisheries and leisure use, and an increase in herbivorous fish affects fisheries and carbon sink capacity by decreasing seagrass/seaweed beds. On the other hand, an increase in tropical reef fish attracts more tourism. This study aimed to predict future shifts in the distribution of functional groups of tropicalization indicator fish that can affect marine ecosystem services in temperate coastal waters of Japan. We estimated the distribution of harmful fish Aluterus scriptus and Scarus ovifrons, herbivorous fish Kyphosus bigibbus and Siganus fuscescens, and tropical reef fish Amphiprion frenatus and Chaetodon auriga by collecting their distribution data from open databases. Distributions in 2000–2018 and the future (2046–2055 and 2091–2100) under different climate change scenarios (the representative concentration pathways; RCPs) were estimated using a species distribution model. We used environmental variables such as minimum sea surface temperature (SST), depth, slope, coral reef area, and seagrass/seaweed bed area as predictors and carried out future predictions using the future ocean regional projection (FORP) dataset. The minimum SST was the factor most responsible for the estimated distribution patterns for all species. The depth, slope, and seagrass/seaweed bed were also important for some species. The estimated probability of occurrence was high along the Pacific coast, which was affected by the warm Kuroshio Current and Tsushima Current along the coast of the Sea of Japan. Projected shifts in distributions based on different RCP scenarios showed that these indicator species would significantly increase their distribution in the middle to northern parts of Japan (32–37°N). By the 2090s, their habitat range was estimated to increase to 1.2–1.9 times that of 2000-2018 with severe warming (RCP8.5). However, the target species habitat range would not change significantly with stringent mitigation (RCP2.6). Our results suggest that ambitious commitment to reducing CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions, such as following the Paris Agreement, will alleviate future tropicalization. Moreover, the fine resolution results can also be directly used for planning climate adaptation programs for local decision makers.
Exogenous PTH 1-34 Attenuates Impaired Fracture Healing in Endogenous PTH Deficiency Mice via Activating Indian Hedgehog Signaling Pathway and Accelerating Endochondral Ossification
Authors: Ma Cheng , Liu Huan , Wei Yifan , Li He , Miao Dengshun , Ren Yongxin
Published: January 2022

Fracture healing is a complicated, long-term, and multistage repair process. Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been proven effective on intramembranous and endochondral bone formation during the fracture healing process, however, the mechanism is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of exogenous PTH and endogenous PTH deficiency in bone fracture healing and explored the mechanism by using PTH knockout (PTH-/-) mice and ATDC5 cells. In a mouse femur fracture model, endogenous PTH deficiency could delay endochondral ossification whereas exogenous PTH promotes accumulation of endochondral bone, accelerates cartilaginous callus conversion to bony callus, enhances maturity of bony callus, and attenuates impaired fracture healing resulting from endogenous PTH deficiency. In fracture callus tissue, endogenous PTH deficiency could inhibit chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation whereas exogenous PTH could activate the IHH signaling pathway to accelerate endochondral ossification and rescue impaired fracture healing resulting from endogenous PTH deficiency. In vitro, exogenous PTH promotes cell proliferation by activating IHH signaling pathway on ATDC5 cells. In mechanistic studies, by using ChIP and luciferase reporter assays, we showed that PTH could phosphorylate CREB, and subsequently bind to the promoter of IHH, causing the activation of IHH gene expression. Therefore, results from this study support the concept that exogenous PTH 1-34 attenuates impaired fracture healing in endogenous PTH deficiency mice via activating the IHH pathway and accelerating endochondral ossification. Hence, the investigation of the mechanism underlying the effects of PTH treatment on fracture repair might guide the exploration of effective therapeutic targets for fracture.
Deficient or R273H and R248W Mutations of p53 Promote Chemoresistance to 5-FU via TCF21/CD44 Axis-Mediated Enhanced Stemness in Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Gao Xiaolei , Zheng Xuan , Zhang Yixin , Dong Liying , Sun Liangjie , Zhao Na , Ding Chong , Ma Zeyun , Wang Yixiang
Published: January 2022

Background: p53 mutations are highly frequent in various human cancers and are reported to contribute to tumor malignance and chemoresistance. In this study, we explored the mechanism by which mutant p53 promotes carcinogenesis and chemoresistance and provided novel insights into cancer therapy.

Materials and methods: A total of 409 patients with colorectal carcinoma from TCGA database were subdivided into two groups according to the p53 status, namely, mutant p53 and wild-type p53, following with GSEA analysis. The differences of the clinicopathologic index were also analyzed. Two HCT116 cell lines containing hot spots at codons R273H and R248W of p53 were constructed based on HCT116 with knockout p53, respectively. Cell viability, mobility, clonogenesis, and stemness were detected by CCK8, transwell migration and invasion, colonogenic, and sphere formation assays. Resistance to 5-FU was examined by live-dead staining and flow cytometry. qPCR, Western blot, and luciferase reporter assay were performed to identify that deficient or mutant p53 promoted chemoresistance of the colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT116 through the TCF21/CD44 signaling pathway, with the following rescue assays by overexpression of TCF21 and knockdown of CD44.

Results: Patients with recurrence harbor a higher frequency of mutant p53 than those without recurrence (p < 0.05). The mutant p53 group developed a larger tumor than the wild-type one. GSEA analysis showed that oncogenic signatures were enriched in the mutant p53 group. Extracellular assays showed that cancer cells with deficient or mutant p53 (R273H and R248W, respectively) promoted colon cancer cell growth, migration, invasion, and stemness. The mutant cancer cells were also observed to be significantly resistant to 5-FU. Xenografts also confirmed that HCT116 cells harboring deficient or mutant p53 promoted cancer growth and 5-FU tolerance. Luciferase reporter assay showed that deficient or mutant p53 R237H and R248W endowed cancer cells with chemoresistance by activating CD44 via repressing the nuclear transcription factor TCF21 expression. Overexpression of TCF21 or knockdown of CD44 could rescue the sensitivity to 5-FU in deficient and mutant p53 HCT116 cell lines.

Conclusion: Our results, for the first time, reveal a novel deficient or mutant p53/TCF21/CD44 signaling pathway which promotes chemoresistance in colorectal carcinoma. The axis could be an effective therapeutic strategy against deficient- or mutant p53-driven chemoresistance.
Insights Into the Known 13C Depletion of Methane—Contribution of the Kinetic Isotope Effects on the Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase Reaction
Authors: Gleixner Gerd
Published: January 2022

We determined the kinetic isotope effect on the serine hydroxymethyltransferase reaction (SHMT), which provides important C1 metabolites that are essential for the biosynthesis of DNA bases, O-methyl groups of lignin and methane. An isotope effect on the SHMT reaction was suggested being responsible for the well-known isotopic depletion of methane. Using the cytosolic SHMT from pig liver, we measured the natural carbon isotope ratios of both atoms involved in the bond splitting by chemical degradation of the remaining serine before and after partial turnover. The kinetic isotope effect 13(VMax/Km) was 0.994 0.006 and 0.995 0.007 on position C-3 and C-2, respectively. The results indicated that the SHMT reaction does not contribute to the 13C depletion observed for methyl groups in natural products and methane. However, from the isotopic pattern of caffeine, isotope effects on the methionine synthetase reaction and on reactions forming Grignard compounds, the involved formation and fission of metal organic bonds are likely responsible for the observed general depletion of “activated” methyl groups. As metal organic bond formations in methyl transferases are also rate limiting in the formation of methane, they may likely be the origin of the known 13C depletion in methane.
Supramolecular Approach to Tuning the Photophysical Properties of Quadrupolar Squaraines
Authors: Kaczmarek-Kȩdziera Anna , Ośmiałowski Borys , Żuchowski Piotr S. , Kȩdziera Dariusz
Published: January 2022

In the present study, the influence of the hydrogen bonding for the one- and two-photon absorption of the prototypical squaraine dye is investigated with quantum chemistry tools. The central squaraine unit is bound by strong hydrogen bonds with 4-substituted N,N′-diphenylurea and, alternatively, N,N′-diphenylthiourea molecules, which affects to a high extend the properties of the squaraine electron accepting moiety, thus shifting its maximum absorption wavelength and enhancing the TPA cross section. The replacement of oxygen by sulfur atoms in the squaraine central ring, known to affect its photophysical behavior, is considered here as the way of modifying the strength and nature of the intermolecular contacts. Additionally, the influence of the oxygen-by-sulfur replacement is also considered in the N,N′-diphenylurea moiety, as the factor affecting the acidity of the N–H protons. The introduction of the sequence of the substituents of varying electron-donating or electron-withdrawing characters in the position 4 of N,N′-diphenyl(thio)urea subsystems allows to finely tune the hydrogen bonding with the central squaraine unit by further modification of the N–H bond characteristics. All of these structural modifications lead to the controlled adjustment of the electron density distribution, and thus, the properties affected such as transition moments and absorption intensity.Ab initiocalculations provide strong support for this way of tailoring of one- or two-photon absorption due to the obtained strong hypsochromic shift of the maximum one-photon absorption wavelength observed particularly for thiosquaraine complexes and an increase in the TPA wavelength together with the increase in the TPA cross section. Moreover, the source of the strong modification of the thiosquaraine OPA in contrast to the pristine oxosquaraine upon N,N′-diphenyl(thio)urea substitution is determined. Furthermore, for the first time, the linear dependence of the non-additivity in the interaction energy on the Hammett substituent constant is reported. The stronger the electron-donating character of the substituent, the larger the three-body non-additive components and the larger their percentage to the total interaction energy.
Recent Development of Optoelectronic Application Based on Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Hao Jianxiu , Xiao Xing
Published: January 2022

In the past years, metal halide perovskite (MHP) single crystals have become promising candidates for optoelectronic devices since they possess better optical and charge transport properties than their polycrystalline counterparts. Despite these advantages, traditional bulk growth methods do not lend MHP single crystals to device integration as readily as their polycrystalline analogues. Perovskite nanocrystals (NCs), nanometer-scale perovskite single crystals capped with surfactant molecules and dispersed in non-polar solution, are widely investigated in solar cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs), because of the direct bandgap, tunable bandgaps, long charge diffusion length, and high carrier mobility, as well as solution-processed film fabrication and convenient substrate integration. In this review, we summarize recent developments in the optoelectronic application of perovskite nanocrystal, including solar cells, LEDs, and lasers. We highlight strategies for optimizing the device performance. This review aims to guide the future design of perovskite nanocrystals for various optoelectronic applications.
Genetic Diversity and Selection of Plasmodium vivax Apical Membrane Antigen-1 in China–Myanmar Border of Yunnan Province, China, 2009–2016
Authors: Cui Yan-Bing , Shen Hai-Mo , Chen Shen-Bo , Kassegne Kokouvi , Shi Tian-Qi , Xu Bin , Chen Jun-Hu , Wu Jia-Hong , Wang Yue
Published: January 2022

Plasmodium vivax apical membrane antigen-1 (PvAMA-1) is an important vaccine candidate for vivax malaria. However, antigenic variation within PvAMA-1 is a major obstacle to the design of a global protective malaria vaccine. In this study, we analyzed the genetic polymorphism and selection of the PvAMA-1 gene from 152 P. vivax isolates from imported cases to China, collected in the China–Myanmar border (CMB) area in Yunnan Province (YP) during 2009–2011 (n = 71) and 2014–2016 (n = 81), in comparison with PvAMA-1 gene information from Myanmar (n = 73), collected from public data. The overall nucleotide diversity of the PvAMA-1 gene from the 152 YP isolates was 0.007 with 76 haplotypes identified (Hd = 0.958). Results from the population structure suggested three groups among the YP and Myanmar isolates with optimized clusters value of K = 7. In addition, YP (2014–2016) isolates generally lacked some K components that were commonly found in YP (2009–2011) and Myanmar. Meanwhile, PvAMA-1 domain I is found to be the dominant target of positive diversifying selection and most mutation loci were found in this domain. The mutation frequencies of D107N/A, R112K/T, K120R, E145A, E277K, and R438H in PvAMA-1 were more than 70% in the YP isolates. In conclusion, high genetic diversity and positive selection were found in the PvAMA-1 gene from YP isolates, which are significant findings for the design and development of PvAMA-1-based malaria vaccine.
Trypanosoma cruzi Induces B Cells That Regulate the CD4+ T Cell Response
Authors: Somoza Martín , Bertelli Adriano , Pratto Cecilia A. , Verdun Ramiro E. , Campetella Oscar , Mucci Juan
Published: January 2022

Trypanosoma cruziinfection induces a polyclonal B cell proliferative response characterized by maturation to plasma cells, excessive generation of germinal centers, and secretion of parasite-unrelated antibodies. Although traditionally reduced to the humoral response, several infectious and non-infectious models revealed that B lymphocytes could regulate and play crucial roles in cellular responses. Here, we analyze the trypomastigote-induced effect on B cells, their effects on CD4+T cells, and their correlation within vivofindings. The trypomastigotes were able to induce the proliferation and the production of IL-10 or IL-6 of naïve B cells in co-culture experiments. Also, we found that IL-10-producing B220locells were elicitedin vivo. We also found up-regulated expression of FasL and PD-L1, proteins involved in apoptosis induction and inhibition of TCR signaling, and of BAFF and APRIL mRNAs, two B-cell growth factors. Interestingly, it was observed that IL-21, which plays a critical role in regulatory B cell differentiation, was significantly increased in B220+/IL-21+inin vivoinfections. This is striking since the secretion of IL-21 is associated with T helper follicular cells. Furthermore, trypomastigote-stimulated B-cell conditioned medium dramatically reduced the proliferation and increased the apoptotic rate on CD3/CD28 activated CD4+T cells, suggesting the development of effective regulatory B cells. In this condition, CD4+T cells showed a marked decrease in proliferation and viability with marginal IL-2 or IFNγ secretion, which is counterproductive with an efficient immune response againstT. cruzi. Altogether, our results show that B lymphocytes stimulated with trypomastigotes adopt a particular phenotype that exerts a strong regulation of this T cell compartment by inducing apoptosis, arresting cell division, and affecting the developing of a proinflammatory response.
Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Fluxes Under Different Cover Crop Systems
Authors: Wang Yanyu , Saikawa Eri , Avramov Alexander , Hill Nicholas S.
Published: January 2022

Cultivated lands that support high productivity have the potential to produce a large amount of GHG emissions, including carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4). Intensive land management practices can stimulate CO2, N2O, and CH4 emissions from the soil. Cover crop establishment is considered as one of the sustainable land management strategies under warm and humid environmental conditions. To better understand how the incorporation of cover crops affect three major GHGs, we compared trace gas fluxes in a no-till maize field over the whole growing season in 2018 in a no cover crop (Tr) system and three cover crop systems: crimson clover (CC), cereal rye (CR), and living mulch (LM) using white clover. In 2019, we further explored potential differences in the three GHGs between in-row (IR) and between-row (BWR) of maize for LM and Tr systems during the early growing season. Measurements were taken using a cavity ring-down spectroscopy gas analyzer in Watkinsville, GA. In 2018, the highest CO2 flux (7.00 μmol m−2 s−1) was observed from BWR of maize for LM. The maximum N2O flux observed in LM on June 20th in 2018 was when soil N increase rate was the largest. Soils served as sinks for CH4 and Tr system served as the smallest CH4 sink compared to the other three cover crop systems. For N2O, the highest fluxes were observed from the TrIR plot (4.13 μmol m−2 hr−1) in 2019 with the greatest N inputs. In 2019, we observed a smaller CH4 sink in TrIR (−0.13 μmol m−2 hr−1) compared to TrBWR (−0.67 μmol m−2 hr−1) due potentially to greater NH4+ inhibition effects on CH4 consumption from greater N fertilizer inputs. The net carbon equivalent (CE) from May 23rd to Aug 16th in 2018, taking into account the three GHG fluxes, soil carbon content, and fertilizer, irrigation, and herbicide application, were 32–97, 35–101, 63–139, and 40–106 kg ha−1 yr−1 for CC, CR, LM, and Tr, respectively. LM had the lowest net CE after removing white clover respiration (−16–60 kg ha−1 yr−1). Our results show that implementing different types of cover crop systems and especially the LM system have some potential to mitigate climate change.