bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Twenty years of the G20: Has it changed global economic governance?
Authors: Bery Suman , Biondi Filippo , Brekelmans Sybrand
Published: December 2019

The G20 has become the preeminent forum for international economic coordination. Twenty years after its creation, the paper reviews its performance with respect to the coordination of macroeconomic policies. The retrospective assessment focuses on two main questions: (i) Have the G20 summits succeeded in promoting macroeconomic policies with positive cross-border consequences, while preventing the opposite? (ii) To what extent has expanding the G7 to a diverse group of emerging and developing economies significantly changed the discourse and affected substantive outcomes? We argue that the G20 played a key role during the crisis of 2008, but policy coordination has been problematic since. Our review suggests that the G20 Presidencies of the emerging economies have made considerable efforts to shape the agenda toward issues of their interest, but have not always prevailed, notably on issues of global financial governance.
新形势下医院如何加强会计档案管理
Authors: 唐 宇虹
Published: December 2019

医院的会计档案是记录医院财务情况、经营管理决策和可持续发展的重要资料,会计档案是否真实、完整、准确,直接影响到领导的决策和今后医疗事业的发展。新形势下医院面对会计档案内容的增多、数量的增大、范围的增广,管理任务日趋繁杂,随之而来的是查询难度加大、成本提高等弊病日趋严重。如何管理好医院的会计档案,是医院财务管理中所面临的一个重要问题。本文通过分析当前医院会计档案管理现状,提出加强医院会计档案管理的措施,加强管理意识、稳步合理地推进医院电子档案的实施、定期实施会计档案管理人员的的培训、交流,从而推进医院会计档案科学化的管理,适应新形式的发展,确保医院经济活动健康协调顺利地运行。
房地产经济与市场经济的协调发展分析
Authors: 陈 丽梅
Published: December 2019

随着改革开放工作的推进,目前我国房地产行业得到了十分迅猛的发展,在市场发展体系不断完善的基础上,已经取得了较为显著的成绩,对群众的生产生活也产生显著影响。由于当前这一体系的发展缺乏完善性,存在很多细节性问题,比如供应过量或是需求不足等等都会出现市场经济的不平衡问题,这些问题如果不能得到合理解决,必然会对今后我们的生活产生直接影响。基于此,本文就将对房地产经济和市场经济之间的协调发展问题展开研究。
信息化人力资源管理研究进展浅析
Authors: 格 日勒
Published: December 2019

如今,信息化技术已经渗透到社会的各个领域,并为人们生产生活带来了巨大便利。人力资源信息化管理将人力资源管理部门与员工之间紧密相连,使员工也能参与到网络化信息管理中,管理查询相关的信息化业务。而人力资源在招聘、考核及绩效管理等方面将发生重大变革。本文就对信息化人力资源管理的研究进行分析。
论国际EPC项目的财务风险管控
Authors: 田 蕴琦
Published: December 2019

本文对国际EPC项目财务风险的特点、存在问题及成因进行分析概括,并提出合理的管控措施,以提高国际EPC项目财务风险管控水平,保证项目总体经济效益。
关于加快天津市新能源汽车发展,促进产业经济转型升级的建议
Authors: 玉 尉岐
Published: December 2019

近年来,随着我国经济转型升级,换道超车,国家不断加大对新能源产业经济投入力度,我国新能源产业尤其是新能源汽车呈现出供给侧和需求侧良性发展的态势,技术革新促发产业转型,使得我国在新能源领域在全球实现从跟跑到并跑甚至领跑的位置,“高速铁路”“城际轨道交通”“共享汽车”等一批整车和骨干企业迅速成长,产业前景广阔。习近平总书记早在2014年5月视察上海时,就强调"发展新能源汽车是我国从汽车大国迈向汽车强国的必由之路",这就深刻地揭示了在新时代实现汽车等传统产业的新能源化,不仅是经济发展转轨换道的必然要求,也是党和国家布局下阶段经济发展的必然趋势。因此,无论是产业结构,还是政策导向,我市提前完善布局新能源汽车是抢抓发展机遇,紧跟产业潮流的必然趋势。
刍议网络拍卖存在的问题及完善建议
Authors: 常 曼 , 李 丹
Published: December 2019

随时科学技术的不断进步,互联网技术发展也越来越成熟,网络拍卖逐渐应用于各个领域,成为一种新的交易机制,引起了人们的广泛关注。网络拍卖能够节约交易的成本,提高经营效率等一系列优点,受到了大多数人的青睐。但是在网络拍卖过程中还存在很多阻碍其发展的因素,需要尽快解决,比如有潜在诈骗、信誉缺失、非法交易等情况,本文主要是针对网络拍卖存在的问题进行解析,并提出相应的改善对策。
档案管理信息化建设存在的问题与解决措施
Authors: 朱 赫男
Published: December 2019

随着信息化技术的不断进步与发展,档案信息化建设逐渐成为单位开展各项工作的趋势。就大多数单位的档案管理部门工作现状进行分析,为了不断提升管理效率,引入了先进的信息化技术,并且促进了档案信息化建设工作的顺利开展。本文从档案管理信息化建设存在的问题展开较为深入的分析,并制定出战略性发展性较强的策略,从整合完善统一的技术支撑、提供资金保障体系、完善管理制度等多方面入手。希望不断提升单位的档案信息化管理力度,并满足单位的长远发展需求,不断提升工作效率。
会计电算化对会计工作方法的影响研究
Authors: 李 中兴
Published: December 2019

现代社会飞快进步和发展下,现代化信息技术以其独特的优势广泛应用到各个行业领域,为新时期会计领域高维度发展指明了新的方向。在现代化信息技术和网络技术支持下,会计电算化成为会计行业革新的主要趋势,有助于降低人工劳动强度,从繁忙工作负担中脱离出来,提升会计人员工作效率和质量。本文就会计电算化对会计工作方法的影响进行分析,把握会计电算化内涵,提出合理措施来推动会计工作改革深化。
人力资源管理对企业经营绩效的影响
Authors: 曹 玲燕
Published: December 2019

随着改革开放以来,社会经济发展的不断提高,各种各样的企业规模不断扩大,人力资源成为了对企业经营绩效影响的重要因素。一个优秀的企业经营少不了人力资源的管理,但是人力资源也表现出很多不同层面的特征,也是决定着企业绩效获得竞争优势的根本动力。
资源型城市转型发展思考--以煤炭资源型城市为例
Authors: 姜 伟
Published: December 2019

近些年来,经济快速发展的同时,以资源消耗为主的城市,经济可持续发展面临巨大挑战。社会市场经济转型发展背景下,资源型城市如何与时俱进,保持良好经济发展态势,是社会市场经济转型稳定发展的重大课题。本文主要围绕资源型城市转型发展展开一系列分析。
财务共享服务对企业财务管理的重要影响
Authors: 宋 金达
Published: December 2019

本文主要从正面影响和负面影响两个方面,分析了财务共享服务中心对企业的影响,同时提出了合理应用财务共享服务的有效措施,以供参考。
商业银行小微金融商业模式创新分析
Authors: 应 志仁
Published: December 2019

伴随我国市场经济的快速发展,小微企业不断涌现,目前成为社会主义市场经济的一个新生力量,小微企业数量不断的增加,但受到其自身规模的限制,其发展过程中的融资问题十分困难,因此加强小微企业金融服务管理工作对于推动小微企业可持续发展具有重要的意义。本文对当前商业银行小微金融服务面临的问题进行分析,同时提出商业银行小微金融商业模式的创新策略。
基于“最多跑一次”改革下高校学生收费管理工作的思考
Authors: 郑 婷婷
Published: December 2019

学费收入是维持高校正常运作的一个重要经费来源,做好学生收费管理工作非常重要。高校“最多跑一次”改革是以师生为中心,精简办事流程优化办事效率,学校各部门紧密配合,构建信息联动共享体系,打破信息孤岛。本文通过分析浙江经济职业技术学院在学生收费管理中存在的问题并采取措施,以上措施对于改进收费管理工作卓有成效,对于不足之处,提出了进一步改进措施,具有较强的实践指导意义。
高职日常思想政治教育新变化及实效性制约因素
Authors: 周 伟 , 王 垒 , 张 庆爽
Published: December 2019

日常思想政治教育是提高大学生思想道德素质的重要渠道。在新形势下,高职院校在日常思政教育工作上面临着生源结构、学生价值取向等多方面的新变化,工作的实效性亦受到了多方面因素的制约。
Protective effects of melatonin on mitochondrial injury and neonatal neuron apoptosis induced by maternal hypothyroidism
Authors: Hidayat Mariyah , Khaliq Saba , Khurram Abdullah , Lone Khalid P Pervaiz
Published: December 2019

In the current study, we reported the beneficial effects of melatonin in preventing neonatal neuronal apoptosis induced by maternal hypothyroidism. During the gestation and early lactation stages, the mother rats were given propylthiouracil (PTU) to inhibit their thyroid gland activity which resulted in the increased serum TSH and reduced T4 levels. This maternal hypothyroidism caused neuronal apoptosis of their pups, particularly in the CA3 area of hippocampus. Melatonin administration preserved function of thyroid gland and significantly reduced the apoptosis. Further studies have uncovered the potentially protective mechanisms of melatonin, that is, as a mitochondrial targeted antioxidant, melatonin preserves the mitochondrial outer membrane, inhibits the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria to cytoplasm and down regulates the gene expressions of Bax, along with caspases 3 and 9. Thus, melatonin breaks the mitochondria related apoptotic pathway to suppress the neuronal apoptosis induced by the maternal hypothyroidism.  Considering the limited remedies to effectively treat hypothyroidism associated neonatal brain damage, melatonin may provide an alternative method for this disorder.
Lignin-based resins for kraft paper applications
Authors: DONGRE PRAJAKTA , BUJANOVIC BILJANA
Published: December 2019

We investigated miscanthus (MS) and willow (W) lignin-furfural based resins as potential reinforcement agents on softwood and hardwood kraft paper. These resins might be sustainable alternatives to the commercial phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins. Phenol is a petrochemical product and formaldehyde has been classified as a carcinogen by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The lignin used in this study was derived from hot water extraction (160ºC, 2 h) of MS and W biomass, and may be considered sulfur-free. These biorefinery lignins were characterized for their chemical composition and inherent properties via wet chemistry and instrumental techniques. The resin blends (MS-resin and W-resin) were characterized for their molecular weight, thermal behavior, and mechanical properties. Mechanical properties were measured by the resin’s ability to reinforce softwood and hardwood kraft papers. The effect of adding hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA), a curing agent, to the resin was also examined. Mixtures of PF and lignin-based resins were investigated to further explore ways to reduce use of nonrenewables, phenol, and carcinogenic formaldehyde. The results show that lignin-based resins have the potential to replace PF resins in kraft paper applications. For softwood paper, the highest strength was achieved using W-resin,
without HMTA (2.5 times greater than PF with HMTA). For hardwood paper, MS-resin with HMTA gave the highest strength (2.3 times higher than PF with HMTA). The lignin-based resins, without HMTA, also yielded mechanical properties comparable to PF with HMTA.
Environmentally friendly pulping of rice straw to eliminate black liquor discharge
Authors: HUANG GUOLIN , LIANG XIZHEN , CHEN ZHONGSHENG , LI CUIZHEN
Published: December 2019

Rice straw pulping trials were carried out with aqueous ammonia mixed with caustic potash to eliminate problems associated with black liquor in nonwood pulping. This process likely can use the black liquor, which contains nitrogen, potassium, and ammoniacal lignin, as a fertilizer for agricultural production. Excess ammonia in the black liquor was recovered by batch distillation. The black liquor was further treated for reuse by coagulation under alkaline conditions. We studied the effects of flocculating conditions, such as dosage of 10% aluminum polychloride, dosage of 0.1% polyacrylamide, reaction temperature, and pH of black liquor to obtain suitable technological conditions. Analyses confirmed that major quantities of lignin and 23.7% nitrogen (dried basis), 6.2% potassium (dried basis) existed in the flocculating residues, so this is potentially a good solid fertilizer. The amount of delignification and the pulp screen yield for the process remained steady at 83%-85% and 38%-40%, respectively, when reusing the supernatant four times.
Experiments and mathematical models of black liquor gasification – influence of minor gas components on temperature, gas composition, and fixed carbon conversion
Authors: CARLSSON PER , MARKLUND MAGNUS , FURUSJÖ ERIK , WIINIKKA HENRIK , GEBART RIKARD
Published: December 2019

In this work, predictions from a reacting Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model of a gasification reactor are compared to experimentally obtained data from an industrial pressurized black liquor gasification plant. The data consists of gas samples taken from the hot part of the gasification reactor using a water cooled sampling probe. During the considered experimental campaign, the oxygen-to-black liquor equivalence ratio (λ) was varied in three increments, which resulted in a change in reactor temperature and gas composition. The presented numerical study consists of CFD and thermodynamic equilibrium calculations in the considered λ-range using boundary conditions obtained from the experimental campaign. Specifically, the influence of methane concentration on the gas composition is evaluated using both CFD and thermodynamic equilibrium. The results show that the main gas components (H2, CO, CO2) can be predicted within a relative error of 5% using CFD if the modeled release of H2S and CH4 are specified a priori. In addition, the calculations also show that the methane concentration has large influence on the reactor outlet temperature and final carbon conversion.
Optimizing operation to increase recovery boiler throughput
Authors: MCCABE F. DONALD , SAVOY DAVID , HALCROW CHRIS , TRAN HONGHI
Published: December 2019

The recovery boiler at the Irving Pulp and Paper Saint John, NB, mill has been through several major retrofits to increase its original firing capacity of 1100 metric tons/day of black liquor dry solids to the present level of 1680 metric tons/day. Many problems have been encountered over the years, including tube corrosion and cracking, as well as plugging of flue gas passages, but they all have been overcome through operational changes and process optimization. The latest challenge is to increase throughput without experiencing high total reduced sulfur (TRS) levels that would impact the environment and jeopardize compliance. An optimization program has been in place at the mill since December 2008 to further increase boiler production while maintaining environmental performance. The program, which automates liquor addition at full capacity according to targeted stack gas O2 and TRS levels, enables the boiler to operate at lower stack gas O2 targets and to achieve a 2%-3% increase in liquor throughput, while keeping TRS emissions under compliance.
Review: The Nature State. Rethinking the History of Conservation
Authors: Kaltmeier Olaf
Published: December 2019

Book Review:

 The Nature State. Rethinking the History of Conservation. Ed. Wilko Graf von Hardenberg, Matthew Kelly, Claudia Leal y Emily Wakild. Routledge: London y New York 2017.
SELF-ACCEPTANCE AND SELF-CONCEPT AMONG TRANSGENDER IN INDONESIA
Authors: Fitriani Reni , Perdani Agni Laili , Juniarni Lia
Published: December 2019

Background: Transgender is no longer classify a mental health illness from World Health Organization (WHO). The number of this community up to 3.9 million or 1.6% from Indonesia citizen. Transgender face social discrimination and stigma toward themselves as a result from community and family rejection. This condition could affected their process of self-acceptance and self-concept.Purpose: This study aimed to describe the self-acceptance and the self-concept among transgender in Indonesia    Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in transgender community at Srikandi Pamungkas, Lembang. This study used a convinience sampling and 30 respondents agreed to participate. Data was collected using self-questionnaire and consist of 52 item questions with.Results: This study showed that the total of transgender with good self-acceptance is 17 (56.7%) and good self-concept is 16 (53.3%)Conclusion: Most of the transgender in the transgender community had good self-acceptance and good self-concept from the support system in community environment.
Cytokine Levels in the In Vitro Response of T Cells to Planktonic and Biofilm Corynebacterium amycolatum
Authors: OLENDER ALINA , BOGUT AGNIESZKA , MAGRYŚ AGNIESZKA , TABARKIEWICZ JACEK
Published: December 2019

Unravelling of the interplay between the immune system and non-diphtheria corynebacteria would contribute to understanding their increasing role as medically important microorganisms. We aimed at the analysis of pro- (TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-12p70) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines produced by Jurkat T cells in response to planktonic and biofilm Corynebacterium amycolatum. Two reference strains: C. amycolatum ATCC 700207 (R-CA), Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (R-SA), and ten clinical strains of C. amycolatum (C-CA) were used in the study. Jurkat T cells were stimulated in vitro by the planktonic-conditioned medium (PCM) and biofilm-conditioned medium (BCM) derived from the relevant cultures of the strains tested. The cytokine concentrations were determined in the cell culture supernatants using the flow cytometry. The levels of the cytokines analyzed were lower after stimulation with the BCM when compared to the PCM derived from the cultures of C-CA; statistical significance (p < 0.05) was observed for IL-1β, IL-12 p70, and IL-10. Similarly, planktonic R-CA and R-SA stimulated a higher cytokine production than their biofilm counterparts. The highest levels of pro-inflammatory IL-8, IL-1β, and IL-12p70 were observed after stimulation with planktonic R-SA whereas the strongest stimulation of anti-inflammatory IL-10 was noted for the BCM derived from the mixed culture of both reference species. Our results are indicative of weaker immunostimulatory properties of the biofilm C. amycolatum compared to its planktonic form. It may play a role in the persistence of biofilm-related infections. The extent of the cytokine response can be dependent on the inherent virulence of the infecting microorganism.
Reflektoinnin välttämistä ja vertaistukea
Authors: Tiitinen Sanni , Weiste Elina , Vehviläinen Sanna , Ruusuvuori Johanna , Lusa Sirpa , Laitinen Jaana
Published: December 2019

Työn reflektointi ja keskusteleva työkulttuuri ovat avainasemassa työyhteisöjen osaamisen kehittämisessä ja työkyvyn tukemisessa. Ohjaus on keino, jolla voidaan tukea sekä yksilöiden oman työn reflektointia että työyhteisön yhteisöllistä oppimista. Koska ohjaus perustuu keskusteluun, sen onnistuminen riippuu siitä, kuinka hyvin vuorovaikutus toteuttaa ohjauksen päämääriä. Tässä artikkelissa tutkimme vuorovaikutusta työkyvyn tukemiseen tähtäävässä lähijohtajien ryhmäohjauksessa. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu videoiduista lähijohtajien ryhmäohjaustapaamisista, joita analysoimme käyttäen jäsenkategorisoinnin analyysia ja keskustelunanalyysia. Analyysin keskiössä ovat lähijohtajien ryhmäohjaustapaamisten aikana kertomat tarinat alaistensa toiminnasta ja omasta johtamistyöstään suhteessa alaisiin. Tarinoissa ja niiden vastaanotossa tuli esiin vahva keskinäinen ymmärrys alaisten käyttäytymisen ongelmallisuudesta ja niiden avulla myös kutsuttiin ja tarjottiin vertaistukea. Tämä mahdollisti ohjauksen reflektioon suuntaavan agendan väistämisen, kun lähijohtajat keskittyivät alaisten toimintaan ja varoivat asettamasta omia tai toistensa työkäytänteitä tarkemman tarkastelun kohteeksi. Ohjaustyöhön kuuluva tasapainottelu kumppanuuden tukemisen ja reflektion herättämisen välillä vaatiikin hienovaraista ymmärrystä näiden toimintojen yhteen kietoutumisesta.
Tohtoriopintojen monet merkitykset suomalaisille ja ulkomaalaisille jatko-opiskelijoille
Authors: Peura Marja , Jauhiainen Arto
Published: December 2019

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan suomalaisten ja ulkomaalaisten tohtoriopiskelijoiden käsityksiä tohtoroitumisesta nykymuotoisen tohtorikoulutuksen kehyksessä. Käsitysten muodostumisessa merkittävässä asemassa ovat arviot itsestä suhteessa tulevaisuuden uraan. Artikkelissa paikannetaan sitä, miten tohtoriopiskelijat suuntautuvat tohtoriopintoihinsa ja sen jälkeiseen työhön. Aihetta on tutkittu Suomessa vain vähän erityisesti ulkomaalaisten tohtoriopiskelijoiden näkökulmasta. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu humanistisen, kasvatustieteiden sekä yhteiskuntatieteellisen tiedekunnan tohtoriopiskelijoiden teemahaastatteluista (N = 12) yhdessä suomalaisessa yliopistossa. Analysointi tehtiin sisällönanalyysillä teemoitellen ja tyypitellen. Aineistosta muodostettiin kolme tohtoriopiskelijatyyppiä: Tieteellisen uran tavoittelija, Kilpailun paineessa epäröijä ja Itsellinen sivistyjä. Tyypit todentavat tohtoriopiskelijoiden monimuotoisuutta, eivätkä kaikki tohtoriopiskelijat niiden mukaan suuntaudu tohtoroitumiseen koulutuspoliittisten tavoitteiden mukaisesti. Lisäksi tulokset kertovat ulkomaalaisten tohtoriopiskelijoiden tähtäävän suomalaisia päämäärätietoisemmin akateemiselle uralle.
New Advances in Kotzig's Conjecture
Authors: BARRİENTOS Christian , MİNİON Sarah
Published: December 2019

In 1973 Kotzig conjectures that the complete graph $K_{2n+1}$ can be cyclically decomposed into $2n+1$ copies of any tree of size $n$. Rosa proved that this decomposition exists if and only if there exists a $\rho$-labeling of the tree. In this work we prove that if $T'$ is a graceful tree, then any tree $T$ obtained from $T'$ by attaching a total of $k \geq 1$ pendant vertices to any collection of $r$ vertices of $T'$, where $1 \leq r \leq k$, admits a $\rho$-labeling. As a consequence of this result, many new families of trees with this kind of labeling are produced, which indicates the strong potential of this result. Moreover, the technique used to prove this result, gives us an indication of how to determine whether a given tree of size $n$ decomposes the complete graph $K_{2n+1}$. We also prove the existence of a $\rho$-labeling for two subfamilies of lobsters and present a method to produce $\rho$-labeled trees attaching pendant vertices and pendant copies of the path $P_3$ to some of the vertices of any graceful tree.\\
In addition, for any given tree $T$, we use bipartite labelings to show that this tree is a spanning tree of a graph $G$ that admits an $\alpha$-labeling. This is not a new result; however, the construction presented here optimizes (reduces) the size of $G$ with respect to all the similar results that we found in the literature.
Symmetry Analysis and Conservation Laws of the Boundary Value Problems for Time-Fractional Generalized Burgers' Differential Equation
Authors: ISKENDEROGLU Gulistan , KAYA Dogan
Published: December 2019

Many physical phenomena in nature can be described or modeled via a differential equation or a system of differential equations. In this work, we restrict our attention to research a solution of fractional nonlinear generalized Burgers' differential equations.  Thereby we find some exact solutions for the nonlinear generalized Burgers' differential equation with a fractional derivative, which has domain as $\mathbb{R}^2\times\mathbb{R}^+$. Here we use the Lie groups method. After applying the Lie groups to the boundary value problem we get the partial differential equations on the domain $\mathbb{R}^2$ with reduced boundary and initial conditions. Also, we find conservation laws for the nonlinear generalized Burgers' differential equation.
Two-Grid Iterative Method for a Class of Fredholm Functional Integral Equations based on the Radial Basis Function Interpolation
Authors: WANG Qisheng , ZHOU Huimin
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we discuss a two-grid iterative method for solving a class of Fredholm functional integral equations based on the radial basis function interpolation. Firstly, the existence and uniqueness of the solution are proved by Banach fixed point theorem. Secondly, the algorithm and convergence analysis of the radial basis function approximation method is given on the coarse grid. Thirdly, the fine grid iterative solution and convergence results are obtained. Finally, the validity and reliability of the theoretical analysis are verified by two numerical experiments.
Diskursus Poligami Perspektif Ibnu Asyur: Studi Maqashid Al-Syari‟Ah Dalam Kitab Maqashid Al-Syari‟Ah Al-Islamiyah
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto
Published: December 2019

Poligami baik secara diskursus maupun praktek selalu menjadi perbincangan yang menarik dan kontra produktif. Sebagian kalangan menganggap, bahwa praktik poligami sebagai simbol patriarchal dan marginalisasi kaum perempuan. Sementara di sisi lain poligami dianggap sebagai bagian dari ekspresi keimanan, bahkan merupakan hak asasi yang tidak bisa diintervensi oleh siapapun. Dalam mensikapi poligami, ulama terbelah menjadi tiga varian. Pada umumnya ulama salaf mendukung adanya poligami, sementara ulama kalaf (modernis) lebih memperketat. Sebagian diantar ulama ada yang memperbolehkan dengan syarat-syarat tertentu. Muhammad Thahir Ibnu Asyur (1879 M – 1973 M) di antara ulama modern yang memperbolehkan praktik poligami dengan syarat keadilan. Dalam kitabnya: Maqashid al-Syari‟ah al- Islamiyah (sebagai metodologi Maqashid al-Syari‟ah), beliau memperbolehkan praktik poligami dengan dalih kemaslahatan ummah. Konsepsi tersebut berseberangan dengan otoritas pemerintah Tunisia saat itu (Habib Bourguiba) yang melarang adanya praktik poligami.
MEDIA PERSPEKTIF SEJARAH HUKUM DAN PRAKTIKNYA DI PENGADILAN INDONESIA
Authors: . Karmawan
Published: December 2019

Pada awalnya mediasi merupakan bagian dari alternatif penyelesaian sengketa yang tertuang dalam Undang-undang Nomor 30 Tahun 1999 tentang arbitrase dan alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa. Arbitrase merupakan penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan yang sudah sejak lama diakui keberadaannya. Sesuai dengan maknanya, mediasi berarti menengahi. Seorang mediator tidaklah berperan sebagai judge yang memaksakan pikiran keadilannya, tidak pula mengambil kesimpulan yang mengikat seperti arbitrer tetapi lebih memberdayakan para pihak untuk menentukan solusi apa yang mereka inginkan. Mediasi dianggap intrument efektif dalam penyelesaian sengketa yang lebih cepat dan murah, serta dapat memberikan akses yang lebih besar kepada para pihak menemukan penyelesaian yang memuaskan dan memenuhi rasa keadilan.
Farklı Yürüyüş Hızlarında Adım Uzunluğundan Boy Tahmini
Authors: KILIÇ İşık Ecem
Published: December 2019

Güvenilir bir kimliklendirmenin gerçekleştirilebilmesi için, boy cinsiyet etnik köken ve ölüm anındaki yaş önemlidir. Bu araştırma olay yerini terk eden zanlının kimliklendirilebilmesi için elde herhangi bir kalıntı olmadığı durumlarda zanlı sayısını azaltabilmek adına suç mahallinde bulunan ayak izleri arası adım uzunluğundan suçlunun boyunu tahmin edebilmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma Başkent Üniversitesi öğrencisi olan ya da Başkent Üniversitesi personel kadrosunda görev yapan 104 erkek 102 kadın toplam 206 birey üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Katılımcıların yaşları 18 ile 49 arasında değişmektedir. Tüm katılımcılardan boy ve ağırlık ölçümlerinin yanı sıra ayak uzunluğu ölçümleri ve iki farklı hız için tek adım ve çift adım uzunlukları ölçülmüştür. Yürüme hızları erkek katılımcılar için 3,3 km/s ve 5,3 km/s, kadınlar içinse 2,7km/s ve 4,7 km/s olarak belirlenmiştir. Kadınlarda boy ile adım uzunlukları arasında değişen zayıf ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmiştir (r = 0,300 – 0,384). Benzer şekilde, erkeklerde de boy ile adım uzunlukları arasında değişen zayıf ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur (r = 0,255 – 0,333). Ancak adım uzunluğundan yola çıkarak boy tahminine gidilen bu çalışmada elde edilen regresyon eşitliklerini açıklayıcılık kat sayılarının çok düşük olduğu gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak tek adım ve çift adım uzunluklarının boy tahmini için uygun bağımsız değişkenler olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Derekutuğun Yerleşimi Arkeozoolojik Çalışmaları Işığında Hayvan Kalıntılarının Tartılmasının Önemi
Authors: GÜNDEM Can Yümni
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışmanın iki ayrı konu başlığı bulunmaktadır. İlk olarak Arkeozoolojik çalışmalarda hayvan kalıntılarının neden tartılması gerektiği tartışılmış, ikinci olarak ise bu metodun önemini gösterebilmek için Prof. Dr. Ünsal Yalçın’ın kazı başkanlığında yürütülmüş Derekutuğun Madenci Yerleşimi’nin Arkeozoolojik çalışmalarından örnek verilmiştir. Bu araştırma yalnızca Derekutuğun Yerleşimi’nden çıkarılan İlk Tunç Çağ III (İTÇ III) katmanlarına ait hayvan kemiklerinin incelenmesi üzerinedir. Çorum İl sınırları içinde yer alan Derekutuğun bir madenci yerleşimi olup, yakında bulunan bakır cevherinin günümüzden 4.000 sene önce madenciler tarafından çıkarılıp sonra işlendiği bir yerdir. Bakır cevheri çıkarmak ve işlenmesi için kurulmuş olan bu yerleşimde yaşamış insanların kırmızı et tüketme alışkanlıklarını anlamak aslında Anadolu arkeolojisi için bir ilk olmuştur. Madenciler kırmızı et ihtiyaçlarını eşit ağırlıkta sığır ve domuzdan tedarik ederken, koyun üçüncü sıradadır. Bu sonuçlar yakındaki Derekutuğun’nun çağdaşı olan Boğazköy yerleşimindeki hayvan bağlı ekonomisi ile çok keskin zıtlıklar göstermektedir.
Antropolojide Non-invaziv Görüntüleme Yöntemleri
Authors: GÜLHAN Öznur
Published: December 2019

Son yıllarda görüntüleme teknolojilerinde meydana gelen yeni bilimsel keşifler ve yönlendirmeler, antropoloji araştırmalarında da oldukça önemli gelişmelerin meydana gelmesini sağlamıştır. Bu yeni bilimsel keşiflerin en önemlilerinden biri 19. yüzyıl sonları ve 20. yüzyılın başlarında keşfedilen radyolojik görüntüleme yöntemlerinin antropoloji araştırmalarında kullanılmaya başlanmasıdır. Bu yöntemler; bir nesnenin hem iç hem de dış özelliklerini, incelenen örneğin kendisini tahrip etmeden doğru sanal temsillerini oluşturarak incelenmesini sağlamaktadır. Bilgi teknolojilerindeki bu gelişmeler, antropolojik çalışmalar için yeni araştırma fırsatları yaratmış ve Sanal antropoloji olarak adlandırılan yeni bir alan gelişmiştir. Böylece, dijital görüntüler antropolojik araştırmalarda her geçen gün daha fazla kullanım alanı bulmaktadır. Bu makale, hâlihazırda antropolojik araştırmalara dâhil edilen konvansiyonel radyografi, bilgisayarlı tomografi veya Mikro-BT ve ayrıca X-ışını içermeyen manyetik rezonans görüntüleme ve ultrason gibi çeşitli non-invaziv görüntüleme yöntemlerinin temel kullanımlarını gözden geçirerek bu yöntemlerin antropolojik çalışmalara nasıl fayda sağladığını ve gelecekteki potansiyellerini tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Analysis Radiation Monitoring in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra (2009-2018)
Authors: Tilles V. , Poberezhnyi A. , Samoilov V.
Published: December 2019

Based on the analysis of open data from government reports and Rosstat data, a significant increase in the number of radiation accidents in the territory of the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Yugra was established, namely, 9 times in 2015–2017. It is noted that annually the maximum radiation doses close to the maximum are received by loggers of oil–producing organizations, and the use of ionizing radiation sources in logging operations is steadily increasing. Recommendations on improving radiation monitoring, as well as clarification in the Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation, are offered.
Ecological Model of Fertility of Alluvial-meadow Soils and Determination of Indicators of Their Fertility
Authors: Vagabov E.
Published: December 2019

The geographical position, geomorphological and soil–climate condition of the Lankaran province was analyzed in the presented article. Application of intensive technologies and ecological fertility model of soils was worked out by the intensive technologies application.
Minimum Technologies of Soybean Cultivation and Compliance With the Rules of Organic Cultivation in the Amur Region
Authors: Epifantsev V. , Osipov Ya. , Vaitekhovich Yu.
Published: December 2019

The article considers the compliance of the applied minimum technologies of soybean cultivation with the rules of organic crop production. The table of indicators of points of rules of GOST R 56508-2015 of conducting organic plant growing and compliance to them of technologies is resulted. A table showing the advantages and disadvantages of modern minimal technologies is given. It is established that the minimum technologies of soybean cultivation partially or completely do not comply with the rules of organic crop production in Russia, especially in terms of chemical load. When conducting organic crop production in the Amur region, they must be brought into compliance with the rules.
Bank Loan as a Source of Financing an Investment Project
Authors: Belyaev S.
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this article is to consider a bank loan as a source of financing for investment projects. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: the structure of investments in fixed assets in the Russian Federation by sources of financing was investigated; the forms of bank financing of investment projects are characterized, types of project financing are identified depending on the distribution of risks between the bank and the borrower. During the study, the following methods were used: a review of literary sources, comparison and grouping.
Tendencies of Forming a Multistructure Economy in Uzbekistan
Authors: Ashurov M. , Shakirova Yu. , Turdibekov O.
Published: December 2019

The article discusses some issues of the formation of a multistructure economy in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The authors performed an analysis of the processes of privatization and privatization in the country. The general tendencies of privatization by stages and results are revealed and generalized. The characteristic features of the stages of denationalization are studied. The formation of the private sector and on the basis of this form of joint stock companies. The need for improving the mechanism of corporate governance in a modern corporation is highlighted.
Prospects for the Development of Transport Services in Uzbekistan and the Theoretical Basis for Accounting for Income and Expenses in Enterprises
Authors: Bakieva I. , Temirov F.
Published: December 2019

The article considers the prospects for the development of transport services in the Republic of Uzbekistan and the theoretical basis for accounting for income and expenses at enterprises. As well as the transport system and the prospects for its development, the role of road transport in the transport system of the republic, the objective need to account for income and expenses at enterprises, the reflection of income and expenses in the accounting policy of the enterprise.
Specific Signs of Surrogate Motherhood in the System of Unstanted Agreements
Authors: Ablyatipova N. , Kirova D.
Published: December 2019

The article provides a comparison and the possibility of applying, by analogy, a surrogate motherhood agreement with other named agreements, focuses on the essential terms of the surrogate motherhood agreement, also considers other conditions that the agreement possesses, raises the question of whether it is necessary at the legislative level to adopt a special act or norm for settlement issues for the enforcement of the contract.
Methodological Approaches as Priority Directions in the Formation of General Professional Competences of Future History Teachers
Authors: Muratalieva M.
Published: December 2019

Criteria approach contributes to the implementation of diagnostic, research, monitoring, formative, analytical and other functions of assessing the effectiveness of pedagogical phenomena and components of the pedagogical process. The idea of the study is to develop scientific and pedagogical foundations — the main provisions that scientifically and methodically detail the processes of organization and formation of general professional competencies of a future history teacher. The article says that the learning process is traditional, characterized by the widely used lecture-seminar form of training, when the material is presented by the lecturer to students, and then fixed in the seminar–practical classes, despite the variety of different types of lectures: introductory, problem, overview, etc. , nevertheless, the main drawback is the active position of the lecturer in the form of a monologue and the passive position of the student, who is not fully included in the learning process. The least effective form of training is a lecture, because the student simply listens and is able to remember only 10% of everything he has heard, but the most effective form of training, in our opinion, is group interaction of students, during which students interact, analyze, develop, discuss, evaluate, argue, which allows them to learn 90% new material. As part of the experimental and pedagogical work of the study, professional–basic and professional–profile types of practices were visited in order to identify student’s understanding of the essence of the content of the lessons, the essence of understanding its structure, the correct use of didactic principles, and school teachers were observed and questioned. In relation to our subject of research, the criteria-based approach allowed us to formulate a development strategy for the formation of general professional competencies, to assess the correspondence between the goals set and the results obtained, to optimize the processes that contribute to the effective formation of general professional competencies of future teachers.
Google Applications in Student’s Self-learning
Authors: Zulpukarova D.
Published: December 2019

Problem and rationale. Despite the spread of information technology in various areas of the modern society, the possibilities of cloud technology are not used much in the practice of university education. The article substantiates the effectiveness of the use of Google applications in the process of organizing student’s self-learning. Methodology. While researching the problem, we have used the analysis of theoretical and methodological literature, study of best practices in teaching mathematics and computer science using information technology, analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of using cloud technology in training, conduct of computer science courses using Google applications, as well as the management of independent learning of first-year students of Osh State University using cloud technology. Results. The capabilities of the specialized services of Google.docs, Google.tables, Google.presentation and Google.forms for creating a document, presentation, spreadsheet, online questionnaires and online tests have been defined. The use of Google services in the practice of training leads to the formation of student’s training in the skills of working with cloud technologies, meanwhile students demonstrate three levels of knowledge of cloud technologies: high, medium and low. Conclusions. Working with cloud technologies, it is possible for students to build ICT skills, skills of self-organization. Using Google applications, it is potential to monitor the implementation of self-learning, student projects, both in the process of completing assignments and achieving final results, the outcome of which is the improvement of teacher’s work process and saving time.
Essence of Love in Orthodoxy
Authors: Mayatskaya O. , Germanova V.
Published: December 2019

The article analyzes the spiritual and moral field of Orthodox culture and religion, comprehends the essence of love in Orthodoxy, the deep Orthodox roots of marriage and family relations, as well as the problems of modern youth, the influence of Orthodox values on its spiritual formation. It is proved that today more than ever become relevant: patience, mutual understanding, respect, sacrifice, correct hierarchy, getting rid of egocentrism, the unity of spouses, becoming ‘one flesh’ at the level of spirit, soul and body, the idea that following these principles makes it possible to build a really strong family relationships, regardless of the transformational processes that devalue the modern family.
Analysis of Soviet Management Model of the Public Ownership of the Means of Production
Authors: Eremin G.
Published: December 2019

This scientific paper aims to understand public ownership of the means of production in the Soviet economic system. There is a presentation of such indicators as the functioning of collective farms, their quantitative and qualitative change over time, gross output, production and economic costs. Scientific paper uses information from national statistical compilations Kolkhozes in the second Stalinist five-year plan of 1939 and Kolkhozes of the USSR of 1988. The economic efficiency of kolkhozes and factors of production changes are explained according to this. The article also examines the legal status of public ownership in accordance with USSR Constitutions of 1936 and 1977. The effects of the ‘tragedy of commons’ and the ‘reform loop’ are considered. The following studies present conclusions of the profitability and production efficiency of kolkhozes.
Speech Etiquette Acts in Persian and Uzbek Languages: Polite Phrases
Authors: Turdieva Kh.
Published: December 2019

In this article politeness formula of speech etiquette units in Persian and Uzbek will be analyzed. The tasks of the research is comparing, analyzing and summarizing of the two language’s polite speech units. The applied method of research has theoretical and empiric character such as reviewing, analyzing, comparing and empiric observing method is used to conduct an observation over live and virtual mass-media, also daily life communications Positive and Negative face were defined. The question was studied linguistically, pragmatically and semantically.
The Relationship between Materials Science and the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Kolozsváry Zoltán
Published: December 2019

There has been a spectacular and extremely fast development in all areas of materials science. This development is driven by science and technology, yet a time gap may be observed between the progress of technology that drives the fourth industrial revolution, and its acceptance in society. Our task is to learn how a balance may be achieved between rapid technological development and societal acceptance.
Mechanical and Microstructural Features of Ceramic Hollow Spheres
Authors: Kemény Alexandra , Károly Dóra
Published: December 2019

In this study two different types of hollow sphere were examined by mechanical, geometrical and microstructural measurements, and the fracture force, geometrical properties and chemical composition were determined. The diameter of the „01 globocer” type specimens was 2.37 mm on average, while the value for the „03 globocer” type specimens was 6.88 mm, both were smaller than the nominal diameter. The average deviation from the circularity of the 01 globocer specimens was 8 %, the value for the 03 globocer specimens was 6 %, while the average wall porosity was 53±3 % and 56±3 % respectively. The surface of the hollow spheres was uneven, which has an impact on the contact surfaces during pressure tests, which affects the fracture force values. The average value of the fracture force of 01 globocer spheres was 42 N, and of 03 globocer hollow spheres was 288 N. The diameter had a bigger impact on the fracture force values of the type 01 specimens than in the case of 03.
Roaming of Materials Scientists in Biology: Structural Colours of Butterfly Wings
Authors: Biró László P. , Kertész Krisztián , Piszter Gábor , Horváth Zsolt E. , Bálint Zsolt
Published: December 2019

The photonic nanoarchitectures occurring in the wing scales of Lycaenid butterflies were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-VIS spectroscopy. We found that the males of all the nine investigated species possess photonic nanoarchitectures built according to the same general “plan”, but each species exhibits species-specific features which results in species-specific colours reproduced generation by generation with a high degree of accuracy.
Dynamic and High Temperature Quasi-static Examination of Tempered Glass
Authors: Leveles Borbála , Kemény Alexandra , Katona Bálint
Published: December 2019

In everyday use glass materials cause a lot of damage or injuries when broken, as fracture mechanism and damage runoff cannot be predicted precisely. To gain knowledge on this issue, we studied the properties of tempered glass. The glass test samples were exposed to two types of destructive evaluations: normal and high temperature three-point bending and room temperature dynamic experiments with colliding small steel spheres. The evaluation showed that high temperature experiments are in correlation with sharp fracture edges, and dynamic impact creates shell featured circular crack propagation which prevents the spreading of the radial cracks, so the damage is concentrated to a small area.
PERSONALITY-ORIENTATION AS A MARKER OF INNOVATION IN THE EDUCATIONAL FIELD
Authors: Kutsepal Svitlana
Published: December 2019

The educational realities of the 21st century are changing significantly under the influence of information technologies, the use of Internet resources and virtual practices in the educational process, the introduction of new standards of knowledge transfer. As a result, a polyspace of communication appears, where a confident and comfortable person who has broken the shackles of the Modern worldview, has abandoned the narratives and limitations of the Modern.
One can observe a specific anthropo-axiological turn in education, which is a sign of the increasing role of the subjective factor. This necessitates qualitative changes in the educational process, the widespread use of innovative technologies and the latest methodological approaches, the attraction of information technologies capable of providing training for highly qualified specialists, which will ensure the prosperity and well-being of the country. However, only the changes in the educational process are not enough, since there is a need to form a new image of educator, who is aware of the cognitive, axiological, praxeological needs of the generation born in the age of globalization, postmodernism and total consumption, and capable of perceiving significant amounts of information, but requires the skills for its analysis. That is why the search-and-problematic thinking style, the ability to analyze information and to highlight the main point of interest are of great importance.
The main guideline of modern education is the intellectual development of a person capable of productive cognitive activity, constant self-improvement and self- education. Therefore, methods of creative learning, acquisition and production of knowledge, the ability to formulate and solve problems, and independently search for necessary information in finding the answer to the problems posed by the teacher or the students themselves become especially relevant and required.
Infrastructures commerciales et dynamiques de l’habitat dans le Midi toulousain des XIIIe-XIVe siècles
Authors: Petrowiste Judicaël
Published: December 2019

Si hay un topos en la documentación de finales de la Edad Media, es la idea según la cual el mercado diario constituía un vector privilegiado del poblamiento y del urbanismo de una aglomeración. Ahora bien, es necesario constatar que esta representación social se encuentra en gran medida confirmada por la realidad observable en las aldeas del Mediodía tolosano a lo largo del siglo XIII y principios del XIV. El rápido desarrollo de la frecuentación y del volumen de intercambios de los principales centros económicos regionales condujo a una saturación de los espacios comerciales tradicionales. Dada la densidad de los edificios circundantes, era frecuente que no se pudiese agrandar la antigua plaza del mercado. Por ello, las autoridades locales privilegiaron soluciones que ponen en evidencia los estrechos vínculos entre las infraestructuras comerciales y las dinámicas del hábitat. El desdoblamiento de los emplazamientos comerciales permite, a veces, reconocer el auge de un barrio periférico, cuya densificación fue así estimulada. En otros casos, la deslocalización del «mercadal » extramuros estuvo en el origen de la constitución de un barrio comercial que, por su importancia creciente, acabó por ser integrado en la aglomeración. Estas operaciones pudieron incluso desembocar, más espectacularmente, en la creación de «villas nuevas de extensión » combinando de golpe la creación de una vasta plaza de mercado y de un hábitat regularmente parcelado organizado alrededor de aquélla.
« Discerner ce qui est de l’auteur » : Une querelle de l’autorité à la naissance des Pensées
Authors: Pérouse Marie
Published: December 2019

La déception que ressentirent les proches de Pascal à la découverte des fragments auxquels la postérité donne le nom de Pensées est connue : ces notes griffonnées, raturées et inachevées parurent d’abord tout à fait impropres à la publication, du moins selon le témoignage d’Étienne Périer, neveu de l’écrivain. L’on se résolut cependant à en faire un livre, et c’est au cours du travail d’édition que s’éleva entre la famille du défunt et le cercle de ses amis ce que j’appellerai ici une «querelle de l’autorité » , laquelle prit une tournure fort paradoxale. Le clan familial estimait en effet les fragments retrouvés tout à fait indignes de leur vénéré défunt, et pourtant, il exigea qu’ils fussent publiés dans l’état de leur découverte. L’autre camp, dans lequel on comptait le duc de Roannez, mais aussi Antoine Arnauld et Pierre Nicole, jugea le texte avec beaucoup plus d’indulgence, voire d’enthousiasme, mais pensa absolument nécessaire de le réviser considérablement, sans redouter pour autant de mettre en péril la figure auctoriale. Je m’emploie, dans cet article, à éclairer tant les manifestations que les raisons de ce clivage, qui compliqua sérieusement la confection des Pensées de M. Pascal sur la religion, et sur quelques autres sujets.
Nedim’in Berây-ı Sitâyiş-i Sa’dâbâd Adlı Kasidesine Metinlerarası Bir Yaklaşım: Gönderge ve Anıştırmalar
Authors: KOÇ Munise
Published: December 2019

Birçok araştırmacı
tarafından tanımlanan ve farklı adlandırılmalarda bulunulan metinlerarasılık
kavramı, özünde bir metnin bir ya da birçok metinle “söyleşmesi”dir. Metinler
birbirleriyle çeşitli şekillerde söyleşir. Bunlardan ikisi gönderge ve
anıştırmadır. Gönderge, bir metinden alıntı yapılmadan o metinden
bahsedilmesidir. Daha geniş anlamı ile gönderge, bir metinde bir çağın, bir türün
(yazınsal olsun ya da olmasın), bir geleneğin, yazar veya şair adlarının ya da
bir şiir veya hikâye kişisinin, tarihî bir kahramanın, kutsal kitaplardan
birinin adının açıkça anılmasıdır. Anıştırma ise göndergeye göre daha ketumdur.
İlk anda anlaşılması kolay değildir. Anıştırma, bir metne birkaç kelime ya da
yarım bilgiyle sezdirim yoluyla göndermede bulunmadır. Anıştırmaların
anlaşılması çoğu zaman zordur ve belli bir bilgi birikimini gerektirir. Bu
birikimin gerekliliği metinlerarasılıkta okurun önemini vurgulayan kuramcıları doğrular
niteliktedir. Zira okur göndergeleri ve anıştırmaları anlayacak bilgi ve birikime
sahip değilse metnin metinlerarasılığı ortaya çıkamaz.

Sözlükte
“kastetmek, bir şeye doğru yönelmek” gibi anlamlara gelen kaside terim
olarak “belli bir amaçla söylenmiş, üzerinde düşünülmüş şiir” demektir. 18. yüzyıl şairlerinden Nedim Berây-ı Sitâyiş-i Sa’dâbâd adlı
kasidesinde Sa’dâbâd bölgesinin güzelliğini tasvir ederken esasen mekân
üzerinden III. Ahmed’in saltanatına dikkat çekmek istemiştir. Bu çalışmada söz konusu kasidenin
teşbib bölümünde tasvir edilen Sa’dâbâd bölgesi hakkında kısaca bilgi
verildikten sonra kasidenin şekil ve muhteva özelliklerine değinilip, gönderge
ve anıştırmalar yönünden metinlerarası bir incelemesi yapılacaktır.