bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Character of Vasyl Stus as Basis of Writer’s Psychotype
Authors: Punina Olha
Published: October 2019

In the present paper the scholar refers to the ﬁrst part of her theoretical concept “psychotype – creator – image” and focuses on the peculiarities of Vasyl Stus’s character. This approach helps to deﬁ ne the psychological type of the poet. Psychic ways of adaptation always leave a mark on the character of the individual. The coincidence between indirect observations of friends, acquaintances and psychological self-characteristics of the writer gives especially important information for the researcher. The analyzed materials include literary texts and different everyday life records that contain psychologically mediated observations and self-observations on the character of Vasyl Stus. These data allow identifying the speciﬁc psychological structure of personality based on many characteristics. The attributes ‘strong-willed’, ‘vulnerable’, ‘sensitive’, ‘quicktempered’, ‘uncompromising’, and ‘intellectual’ may be recognized as key features of this personality. The psychological exclusivity of Vasyl Stus is presented by the characteristics ‘self-sufﬁ cient’, ‘intellectually deep man of strong will’, ‘inclined to expansive reaction and unsuited for compromise’. The scrupulous attention to the moral, volitional, emotional and intellectual components of Vasyl Stus’s character brings the researcher closer to determining the author’s model of the world order. The deﬁned psychotype of the writer helps to understand the interdependence of the psychological nature of the author and his literary style
Ukrainian Historiographic Prose of the 18th – the First Half of the 19th century in Assessment of Mykhailo Maksymovych
Authors: Myshanych Yaroslav
Published: October 2019

The essay reviews the studies of Mykhailo Maksymovych that deal with the three works of the 18th–19th-century Ukrainian historiography. According to M. Maksymovych, one may classify the syncretic historiographic works within three main types. These are Cossack chronicles of the late 17th – early 18th centuries, journalistic pamphlets of the late 18th century, and historical novels of the mid-19th century. The scholar used different approaches analyzing the works from the mentioned groups (chronicle by Hryhorii Hrabianka, “History of Ruthenians”, and “The Commoners’ Council” by Panteleimon Kulish). The scholarly historiography of the time was not still shaped enough and the works from the field could have features of fiction and research studies simultaneously. The authors, who didn’t understand history as a separate research field, were free of modern limits and could easily use both fictional and research techniques within the same work. The strict critical attitude of the scholar towards the chronicle by Hryhorii Hrabianka changed into tolerant in the case of “History of Ruthenians” and moderate critical in the analysis of “The Commoners’ Council”. M. Maksymovych tried to be objective in covering historical processes and worked hard to develop a scholarly approach in the evaluation of Ukrainian historiographical prose. Maksymovych took into account the specificity of every single work and, based on the ideas of his predecessors and contemporaries, rather accurately defined the proper frames of the scholarly historiography. At the same time, the scholar didn’t deny the value of fictional works based on historical events.
Shevchenko’s Letter to Unknown Woman: Issue of Addressee
Authors: Boron Oleksandr
Published: October 2019

The author of the article analyzed the arguments of other researchers and finally disproved the version that Shevchenko’s “letter to unknown woman” could be addressed to Lykera Polusmak. He also offers a few clarifications in the comments to this and several other related letters. The Russian language is the main and indisputable argument against addressing the letter to Lykera, despite the fact that, although badly, she could read in Russian and was even able to write a few words with great difficulty. The author suggests publishing several Shevchenko’s household notes, contained on the pages of Lykera’s notebook, in the new “Complete Works”. The version of the researchers who compiled Shevchenko’s “Complete Works” in 10 volumes that the letter was intended for Anna Sharikova has been recognized as inconsistent. The published archival materials, previously unavailable to the general public, do not give ground to speak even about Shevchenko’s acquaintance with A. Sharikova. Her petitions to various authorities are full of fantastic allegations, none of which was confirmed. According to the documents, officials were inclined to consider her insane.

Having offered Lykera to marry on July 27 1860, and having obtained her prior consent on the 28th (subject to the absence of a denial from her former master M. Makarov), Shevchenko on the same day, i.e. July 28, wrote a letter to a person associated with him, obviously being in intimate relationship, which had to be completely broken off. The author substantiated the hypothesis that an unfinished note was addressed to Amalia Kloberg, which was a seller at F. Avanzo’s art store in St. Petersburg. He also supposes that A. Kloberg could be a model for several Shevchenko’s drawings. At the same time, it is probable that the note was intended for the person still unknown to us, therefore the previous decision of the researchers compiling academic editions of Shevchenko’s works remains valid: to print the text as a letter to the unknown.
Effect οf Genotype and Growing Year on the Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Properties of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Seeds
Authors: Irakli Maria , Tsaliki Eleni , Kalivas Apostolos , Kleisiaris Fotios , Sarrou Eirini , Cook Catherine M
Published: October 2019

Cannabis sativa L. seeds have been an important source of protein, oil, and dietary fiber for human and animals. Currently, there is a growing interest in the commercial products of these seeds, which are recognized as a legitimate source of medicaments, cosmeceuticals, and nutraceuticals. The objective of this study was to investigate the nutritional, phytochemical composition, and antioxidant properties of seeds from seven hemp cultivars grown in Greece for three consecutive years. All the measured parameters strongly varied under the influence of growing year and genotype. In particular, protein, oil, and carbohydrates’ content of hemp seeds as well as fatty acids’ composition were mainly affected by genotype, whereas the growing year had a major effect on phytochemical components and antioxidant activity, which was determined by the 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonate) (ABTS) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Moreover, a predominant effect of the year was observed for phenolic profiles as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and total carotenoids’ content. This study suggests that hemp seeds could be a promising food crop as a result of their high nutritive traits and antioxidant potential. A comparison of the studied cultivars, showed that Finola seeds had the highest oil and protein contents and, thus, appeared to be the most promising cultivar for cultivation in Greece.
Hierarchical Agent-Based Modeling for Improved Traffic Routing
Authors: Alqurashi Raghda , Altman Tom
Published: October 2019

Agent-based model (ABM) simulation is a bottom–up approach that can describe the phenomena generated from actions and interactions within a multiagent system. An ABM is an improvement over model simulations which only describe the global behavior of a system. Therefore, it is an appropriate technology to analyze emergent phenomena in social sciences and complex adaptive systems such as vehicular traffic and pedestrian crowds. In this paper, a hybrid agent-based modeling framework designed to automate decision-making processes during traffic congestion is proposed. The model provides drivers with real-time alternative routes, computed via a decentralized multi-agent model, that tries to achieve a system-optimal traffic distribution within an entire system, thus reducing the total travel time of all the drivers. The presented work explores a decentralized ABM technique on an autonomous microgrid that is represented through cellular automata (CA). The proposed model was applied to high-density traffic congestion events such as car accidents or lane closures, and its effectiveness was analyzed. The experimental results confirm the efficiency of the proposed model in not only accurately simulating the driver behaviors and improving vehicular traffic flows during congestion but also by suggesting changes to traffic dynamics during the simulations, such as avoiding obstacles and high-density areas and then selecting the best alternative routes. The simulation results validate the ability of the proposed model and the included decision-making sub-models to both predict and improve the behaviors and intended actions of the agents.
A Cloud Information Monitoring and Recommendation Multi-Agent System with Friendly Interfaces for Tourism
Authors: Chen Kune-Yao , Yang Sheng-Yuan
Published: October 2019

The tourism statistics of Taiwan’s government state that the tourism industry is one of the fastest growing economic sources in the world. Therefore, the demand for a tourism information system with a friendly interface is growing. This research implemented the construction of a cloud information service platform based on numerous practical developments in the Dr. What-Info system (i.e., a master multi-agent system on what the information is), which developed universal application interface (UAI) technology based on the Taiwan government’s open data with the aim of connecting different application programming interfaces (APIs) according to different data formats and intelligence through local GPS location retrieval, in support of three-stage intelligent decision-making and a three-tier address-based UAI technology comparison. This paper further developed a novel citizen-centric multi-agent information monitoring and recommendation system for the tourism sector. The proposed system was experimentally demonstrated as a successful integration of technology, and stands as an innovative piece of work in the literature. Although there is room for improvement in experience and maybe more travel-related agents, the feasibility of the proposed service architecture has been proven.
Blocking LFA-1 Aggravates Cardiac Inflammation in Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis
Authors: Weckbach Ludwig T. , Uhl Andreas , Boehm Felicitas , Seitelberger Valentina , Huber Bruno C. , Kania Gabriela , Brunner Stefan , Grabmaier Ulrich
Published: October 2019

The lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) is a member of the beta2-integrin family and plays a pivotal role for T cell activation and leukocyte trafficking under inflammatory conditions. Blocking LFA-1 has reduced or aggravated inflammation depending on the inflammation model. To investigate the effect of LFA-1 in myocarditis, mice with experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) were treated with a function blocking anti-LFA-1 antibody from day 1 of disease until day 21, the peak of inflammation. Cardiac inflammation was evaluated by measuring infiltration of leukocytes into the inflamed cardiac tissue using histology and flow cytometry and was assessed by analysis of the heart weight/body weight ratio. LFA-1 antibody treatment severely enhanced leukocyte infiltration, in particular infiltration of CD11b+ monocytes, F4/80+ macrophages, CD4+ T cells, Ly6G+ neutrophils, and CD133+ progenitor cells at peak of inflammation which was accompanied by an increased heart weight/body weight ratio. Thus, blocking LFA-1 starting at the time of immunization severely aggravated acute cardiac inflammation in the EAM model.
Survival of a Maxillary Incisor in an Adolescent Male 16 Years after Its Delayed Replantation
Authors: Biagi Roberto , Maccagnola Valerio
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Recreational and sport activities, traffic accidents and human behaviour represent the main causes of trauma in young people. Case presentation: This report describes a case of a 15.2-year-old male who suffered uncomplicated crown fracture and avulsion of tooth 11 and uncomplicated crown fracture of tooth 21 due to a bicycle accident. Tooth 11 was dry stored and it was replanted 18 h after the trauma. The root was planed to remove the necrotic periodontal tissue, the pulp was extirpated before replantation and a flexible splint was applied to tooth 13 to tooth 23 for 3 weeks. A replacement root resorption of replanted tooth was suspected at the 3-month radiographic control and suffered a dramatic increase later; minimal infraocclusion, about 1 mm, was observed due to its ankylosis. Sixteen years after the trauma the patient was scheduled for an orthodontic and implanto-prosthetic rehabilitation. Conclusion: Delayed replantation usually has a long-term poor prognosis, so it is very important to promote awareness regarding emergency management modalities in dental traumatology especially among parents, school teachers, and coaches that are usually present at the site of the accident.
Optimum Choice of Energy System Configuration and Storages for a Proper Match between Energy Conversion and Demands
Authors: Lazzaretto Andrea , Toffolo Andrea
Published: October 2019

This Special Issue addresses the general problem of a proper match between the demands of energy users and the units for energy conversion and storage, by means of proper design and operation of the overall energy system configuration. The focus is either on systems including single plants or groups of plants, connected or not to one or more energy distribution networks. In both cases, the optimum design and operation involve decisions about thermodynamic processes, about the type, number, design parameters of components/plants, and storage capacities, and about mutual interconnections and the interconnections with the distribution grids. The problem is very wide, can be tackled with different methodologies and may have several, more or less valuable and complicated solutions. The twelve accepted papers certainly represent a good contribution to perceive its difficulty.
Contact Mechanics for Solids with Randomly Rough Surfaces and Plasticity
Authors: Tiwari Avinash , Wang Anle , Müser Martin H. , Persson B. N. J.
Published: October 2019

We present experimental results for the elastic and plastic deformation of sandblasted polymer balls resulting from contacts with flat smooth steel and silica glass surfaces. Nearly symmetric, Gaussian-like height probability distributions were observed experimentally before and remarkably, also after the polymer balls were deformed plastically. For all the polymers studied we find that the surface roughness power spectra for large wavenumbers (short length scales) are nearly unchanged after squeezing the polymer balls against flat surfaces. We attribute this to non-uniform plastic flow processes at the micrometer length scale. The experimental data are analyzed using the Persson contact mechanics theory with plasticity and with finite-element method (FEM) calculations.
Integral Representations for Products of Two Bessel or Modified Bessel Functions
Authors: Jankov Maširević Dragana , Pogány Tibor K.
Published: October 2019

The first part of the article contains integral expressions for products of two Bessel functions of the first kind having either different integer orders or different arguments. A similar question for a product of modified Bessel functions of the first kind is solved next, when the input functions are of different integer orders and have different arguments.
Seroprevalence Study of Anti-HEV IgG among Different Adult Populations in Corsica, France, 2019
Authors: Capai Lisandru , Masse Shirley , Gallian Pierre , Souty Cécile , Isnard Christine , Blanchon Thierry , Peres Brigitte , de Lamballerie Xavier , Charrel Rémi , Falchi Alessandra
Published: October 2019

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. In France, hyperendemic areas including Corsica have an anti-HEV Immunoglobulin G (IgG) prevalence higher than 50%. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in three adult populations in Corsica and the risk factors associated with antibody detection. Between 2017 and 2019, a total of 930 individuals, including 467 blood donors, 393 students or university staff members and 70 patients from general practice, were tested for the presence of anti-HEV IgG using the Wantai HEV IgG enzyme immunoassay kit and filled a questionnaire. The association between seropositivity and potential risk factors was tested with univariate and multivariate analyses. Out of the 930 samples, 52.3% (486/930) were seropositive—54.4% (254/467) among blood donors, 47.6% (187/393) among university students and 64.3% (45/70) among patients of general practice. Three main risk factors were identified: (i) skinning and butchering (Adjusted Odds Ratio aOR = 2.76, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] [1.51–5.37]; p-value < 10−3), (ii) consumption of a local pork live raw sausage (fittonu) (aOR = 1.95 95% CI [1.45–2.64]; p-value = 10−5), and (iii) increasing age (p-value = 0.003). Seropositivity rates between the different populations were homogeneous after age stratification. This cross-sectional study indicates a high anti-HEV IgG seroprevalence in the Corsican adult population, not significantly different between women and men and increasing with age. This serosurvey also showed homogeneity regarding the exposure to HEV among three different types of populations. Finally, we confirmed the endemicity of Corsica with respect to HEV and identified a strong association between consumption of figatellu/fittonu and the practice of skinning and butchering with the detection of anti-HEV IgG.
Metal-Organic Frameworks of MIL-100(Fe, Cr) and MIL-101(Cr) for Aromatic Amines Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Chen Mao-Long , Zhou Shu-Yang , Xu Zhou , Ding Li , Cheng Yun-Hui
Published: October 2019

MIL-100(Fe, Cr) and MIL-101(Cr) were synthesized by the hydrothermal method and applied to the adsorptions of five aromatic amines from aqueous solutions. These three metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were well characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and surface area analysis. The adsorption mechanism of three MOFs and the effects of the structures of MOFs on the adsorption of aromatic amines were discussed. The results show that the cavity system and suitable hydrogen bond acceptor were important factors for the adsorption for five aromatic amines of aniline, 1-naphthalamine, o-toluidine, 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene and 2-nitroaniline: (a) the saturated adsorption capacity of aniline, 1-naphthylamine and o-toluidine on MIL-100(Fe) were 52.0, 53.4 and 49.6 mg/g, respectively, which can be attributed to the intermolecular hydrogen bond interaction and cavity system diffusion. (b) The adsorption capacity of 2-nitroaniline and 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene on MIL-101(Cr) were 54.3 and 25.0 mg/g, respectively, which can be attributed to the more suitable pore size of MIL-101(Cr) than that of MIL-100(Fe, Cr). The MOFs of MIL-100(Fe) and MIL-101(Cr) can be potential materials for removing aromatic amines from aqueous solutions.
Two Novel Polysaccharides in Psoralea corylifolia L and anti-A549 Lung Cancer Cells Activity In Vitro
Authors: Yin Zhenhua , Zhang Wei , Zhang Juanjuan , Liu Huili , Guo Qingfeng , Chen Lin , Wang Jinmei , Kang Wenyi
Published: October 2019

Two novel water soluble heteroglycan (PCp-I and PCp-II) with anti-A549 lung cancer cells activity were isolated from Psoralea corylifolia L. Their average molecular weights were 2.721 × 104 and 2.850 × 104. PCp-I and PCp-II had the same monosaccharide composition, but their molar ratios were different. Based on methylation and NMR spectroscopy, the part structure of PCp-I was identified. The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that PCp-I had an irregular porous structure and PCp-II was flaky and irregularly curved. The results of thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) showed that PCp-I and PCp-II had good thermal stability. Furthermore, PCp-I and PCp-II exhibited significant anti-A549 lung cancer cells activity (IC50 = 64.84 and 126.30 μM) in vitro.
Phosphorus-Containing Flame Retardants from Biobased Chemicals and Their Application in Polyesters and Epoxy Resins
Authors: Sag Jacob , Goedderz Daniela , Kukla Philipp , Greiner Lara , Schönberger Frank , Döring Manfred
Published: October 2019

Phosphorus-containing flame retardants synthesized from renewable resources have had a lot of impact in recent years. This article outlines the synthesis, characterization and evaluation of these compounds in polyesters and epoxy resins. The different approaches used in producing biobased flame retardant polyesters and epoxy resins are reported. While for the polyesters biomass derived compounds usually are phosphorylated and melt blended with the polymer, biobased flame retardants for epoxy resins are directly incorporated into the polymer structure by a using a phosphorylated biobased monomer or curing agent. Evaluating the efficiency of the flame retardant composites is done by discussing results obtained from UL94 vertical burning, limiting oxygen index (LOI) and cone calorimetry tests. The review ends with an outlook on future development trends of biobased flame retardant systems for polyesters and epoxy resins.
Hydrophobically Modified Glucan as an Amphiphilic Carbohydrate Polymer for Micellar Delivery of Myricetin
Authors: Yang Weiyu , Guo Ling , Li Fenfen , Liu Xin , Nie Shaoping , Xie Mingyong , Huang Danfei
Published: October 2019

Myricetin (Myr) is a phytochemical with many functional properties. However, its hydrophobicity, low bioavailability, and stability limit its application. In this study, octadecanoate oat β-glucan (OGE) was synthesized and gained recognition as a self-assembled micelle forming a polymer with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 59.4 μg/mL. The Myr-loaded OGE micelle was then prepared and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra. The water solubility of Myr was greatly enhanced by forming the Myr/OGE inclusion complex. Consequently, compared to free Myr, the retention of Myr in Myr-loaded OGE micelle was effectively increased during the intestinal digestion phase, and its antioxidant activity was also improved. Overall, our findings demonstrated the potential applications of OGE polymer for the development of prospective micelle in health food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical fields because they can aid in the delivery of hydrophobic functional compounds like Myr.
Fabrication of Chitosan-Based Intumescent Flame Retardant Coating for Improving Flame Retardancy of Polyacrylonitrile Fabric
Authors: Ren Yuanlin , Tian Tian , Jiang Lina , Guo Yingbin
Published: October 2019

In order to improve the flame retardancy of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fabrics, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was first grafted onto the surface of PAN fabric (PAN-g-GMA) by means of UV-induced photo grafting polymerization process. Then, PAN-g-GMA was chemically grafted with chitosan to obtain a bigrafted PAN fabric (PAN-g-GMA-g-CS). Finally, the flame-retardant PAN fabric (FR-PAN) was prepared by phosphorylation. The structure and elemental analysis of the samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The thermal degradation properties and combustion characteristics of the fabrics were accessed by thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and cone calorimeter (CC). The results show that the onset thermal decomposition temperature of FR-PAN fabric is lower than that of the control sample due to the degradation of the grafting groups. The combustion test indicates that the FR-PAN fabric has an excellent flame-retardant property and the combustion rate is significantly reduced. In addition, the char residue of the burned FR-PAN fabric is over 97%, indicating excellent char-forming ability.
Stabilization of Deformable Nanovesicles Based on Insulin-Phospholipid Complex by Freeze-Drying
Authors: Xu You , Guo Yiyue , Yang Yuqi , Meng Yingying , Xia Xuejun , Liu Yuling
Published: October 2019

Deformable nanovesicles have been extensively investigated due to their excellent ability to penetrate biological barriers. However, suffering from serious physical and chemical instabilities, the wide use of deformable nanovesicles in medical applications is still limited. Moreover, far less work has been done to pursue the lyophilization of deformable nanovesicles. Here, we aimed to obtain stable deformable nanovesicles via freeze-drying technology and to uncover the underlying protection mechanisms. Firstly, the density of nanovesicles before freeze-drying, the effect of different kinds of cryoprotectants, and the types of different reconstituted solvents after lyophilization were investigated in detail to obtain stable deformable nanovesicles based on insulin-phospholipid complex (IPC-DNVs). To further investigate the underlying protection mechanisms, we performed a variety of analyses. We found that deformable nanovesicles at a low density containing 8% lactose and trehalose in a ratio of 1:4 (8%-L-T) have a spherical shape, smooth surface morphology in the lyophilized state, a whorl-like structure, high entrapment efficiency, and deformability after reconstitution. Importantly, the integrity of IPC, as well as the secondary structure of insulin, were well protected. Accelerated stability studies demonstrated that 8%-L-T remained highly stable during storage for 6 months at 25 °C. Based on in vivo results, lyophilized IPC-DNVs retained their bioactivity and had good efficacy. Given the convenience of preparation and long term stability, the use of combined cryoprotectants in a proper ratio to protect stable nanovesicles indicates strong potential for industrial production.
Drug Delivery Technology Development in Canada
Authors: Wasan Kishor M. , Badea Ildiko
Published: October 2019

Canada has a long and rich history of ground-breaking research in drug delivery within academic institutions, pharmaceutical industry and the biotechnology community. Drug delivery refers to approaches, formulations, technologies, and systems for transporting a pharmaceutical compound in the body as needed to safely achieve its desired therapeutic effect. It may involve rational site-targeting, or facilitating systemic pharmacokinetics; in any case, it is typically concerned with both quantity and duration of the presence of the drug in the body. Drug delivery is often approached through a drug’s chemical formulation, medical devices or drug-device combination products. Drug delivery is a concept heavily integrated with dosage form development and selection of route of administration; the latter sometimes even being considered part of the definition. Drug delivery technologies modify drug release profile, absorption, distribution and elimination for the benefit of improving product efficacy and safety, as well as patient convenience and adherence. Over the past 30 years, numerous Canadian-based biotechnology companies have been formed stemming from the inventions conceived and developed within academic institutions. Many have led to the development of important drug delivery products that have enhanced the landscape of drug therapy in the treatment of cancer to infectious diseases. This Special Issue serves to highlight the progress of drug delivery within Canada. We invited articles on all aspects of drug delivery sciences from pre-clinical formulation development to human clinical trials that bring to light the world-class research currently undertaken in Canada for this Special Issue.
Objective User Visual Experience Evaluation When Working with Virtual Pixel-Based 3D System and Real Voxel-Based 3D System
Authors: Panke Karola , Pladere Tatjana , Velina Mara , Svede Aiga , Krumina Gunta
Published: October 2019

Volumetric display shows promising implications for healthcare related applications as an innovative technology that creates real three-dimensional (3D) image by illuminating points in three-dimensional space to generate volumetric images without image separation. We used eccentric photorefractometry to objectively study ocular performance in a practical environment by evaluating near work-induced refraction shift, accommodative microfluctuations, and pupil size for 38 young adults after viewing anaglyph, and volumetric 3D content for prolonged time. The results of our study demonstrate that participants who performed relative depth estimation task on volumetric 3D content were less likely to experience task-induced myopic refraction shift. For both 3D content types, we observed pupil constriction, that is possibly related to visual fatigue. For anaglyph 3D pupil constriction, onset was observed significantly sooner, compared to volumetric 3D. Overall, sustained work with 3D content, and small disparities or the fully eliminated possibility of accommodation-vergence conflict, not only minimizes near work-induced myopic shift, but also provide beneficial accommodation relaxation that was demonstrated in this study as hypermetropic shift for nearly half of participants.
Conversion Technologies: Evaluation of Economic Performance and Environmental Impact Analysis for Municipal Solid Waste in Malaysia
Authors: Ali Rabiatul Adawiyah , Nik Ibrahim Nik Nor Liyana , Lam Hon Loong
Published: October 2019

The generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) is increasing globally every year, including in Malaysia. Approaching the year 2020, Malaysia still has MSW disposal issues since most waste goes to landfills rather than being utilized as energy. Process network synthesis (PNS) is a tool to optimize the conversion technologies of MSW. This study optimizes MSW conversion technologies using a PNS tool, the “process graph” (P-graph). The four highest compositions (i.e., food waste, agriculture waste, paper, and plastics) of MSW generated in Malaysia were optimized using a P-graph. Two types of conversion technologies were considered, biological conversion (anaerobic digestion) and thermal conversion (pyrolysis and incinerator), since limited data were available for use as optimization input. All these conversion technologies were compared with the standard method used: landfilling. One hundred feasible structure were generated using a P-graph. Two feasible structures were selected from nine, based on the maximum economic performance and minimal environmental impact. Feasible structure 9 was appointed as the design with the maximum economic performance (MYR 6.65 billion per annum) and feasible structure 7 as the design with the minimal environmental impact (89,600 m3/year of greenhouse gas emission).
Saints across Traditions and Time Periods: Methods for Increasing Range and Reading in Comparative Frameworks
Authors: French Todd E.
Published: October 2019

This paper offers a nascent attempt at best practices for the comparative method in a conference setting. Exploring the value in transcendence of traditions and specialization, it traces the preparation and outcome of a recent comparative hagiology panel and develops a list of possible steps for facilitating meaningful interchange between scholars. Building on Freiberger’s methodology for Comparative Religions, it applies a method specifically to hagiographical studies.
Partitioning of strontium between calcite, dolomite and liquids under higher temperature diagenetic conditions
Authors: Jacobson Roger L. , Usdowski Eberhard
Published: October 2019

Partitioning of Sr was studied in order to get information on its geochemical behaviour, as far as controlled by calcite and dolomite, and to see whether Sr can be used as a geothermometer.

Experiments between 150° and 350° C demonstrate that partitioning is essentially independent of temperature in highly concentrated solutions. With more dilute solutions partition coefficients increase but their ratio stays constant to 2/1. This 2/1 relationship is also observed in natural calcite and dolomite which have undergone some type of diagenesis.

Temperature independence of partitioning is due to thermal expansion properties of calcite and dolomite, which expand in the same way. Therefore, the ratio of partition coefficients stays constant with increasing temperature and calcite and dolomite cannot be used as a geothermometer. Useful geothermometers are those mineral pairs which combine high and low thermal expansion. It is suggested that, when in search of a geothermometer, thermal expansion properties of minerals should be considered first.
Modélisation de la solution solide spinelle naturelle
Authors: Vannier Michel
Published: October 2019

Il est possible, moyennant un certain nombre d'hypothèses simples, de créer un modèle thermodynamique des solutions solides à six pôles MgAl₂O₄, MgFe₂O₄, FeAl₂O₄, FeFe₂O₄, FeCr₂O₄. Ce modèle permet de calculer les activités de ces six constituants dans les spinelles naturels et par là même de mesurer un certain nombre de paramètres de première importance, contrôlant l'évolution des magmas, par exemple la fugacité de O₂ lorsque la paragenèse minérale contient également de l'olivine et du pyroxène.
Contribution à l'étude des échanges d'ions OH-, Cl- et F- et de leur fixation dans les apatites hydrothermales
Authors: Latil Catherine , Maury Roger
Published: October 2019

Our studies are made by hydrothermal synthesis between 300 and 600° C, 200 and 1 000 bars, the composition in F⁻, Cl⁻and OH⁻ of apatites in connection with the composition of the formation medium.

Datas show a difference between fluorine and chlorine.

1. For the formation, temperature controls the fixation of F⁻ and pH controls the fixation of Cl⁻.

2. For the exchange, F⁻ displaces Cl⁻ and OH⁻. Cl⁻ has no influence on F⁻ and OH⁻ composition. The analysis of F⁻, Cl⁻ and OH⁻ in apatite presents a geological interest, the knowledge of amount in fluorine is particulary important in apatites of igneous rocks.
Localisation de sulfures et d'oxydes chromifères dans la météorite d'Allende
Authors: Christophe Michel-Lévy Mireille , Cervelle Bernard , Desnoyers Christian
Published: October 2019

Des études aux microscopes optique et électroniques (MEB et MET — EDAX) et à la microsonde électronique ont été effectuées sur des fragments et des chondres à olivine et pyroxène, non traités chimiquement, de la météorite d'Allende.

La fraction granulométrique inférieure à 2 µm — le plus souvent inférieure à 0,5 µm — contient un sulfure de Fe, Ni et Cr, qui correspondrait au Q₁ de Gros et Anders, et dont les diffractions électroniques sont compatibles avec celles d'une pentlandite chromifère. D'autres grains minuscules, plus riches en Cr et plus pauvres en S, contiennent aussi un peu de Si, Al ou Ca. Certains sont amorphes, d'autres polycristallins. Si ces grains font partie de Q₂, ils sont très finement polyphasés.

On peut noter qu'ils coexistent avec du ferro-nickel, de la troïlite, de la pentlandite, de la magnétite, chromifère ou non, dans des agrégats très poreux, et que leurs très petites dimensions leur permettraient éventuellement de piéger des gaz par adsorption.
Les associations minéralogiques des roches hyperalumineuses du Dogger de Vanoise. Leur signification dans le métamorphisme régional
Authors: Goffé Bruno , Saliot Pierre
Published: October 2019

The hyperaluminous rocks from Vanoise occur on the western border of the basement of southern Vanoise (internal part of Briançonnais zone) and on the « zone houillère » (external part of Briançonnais) .

The most characteristic assemblages are :

1) Pyrophyllite-diaspore-magnesiocarpholite ± chloritoïd ± paragonite ± chlorite + white mica.

2) Chloritoïd-white mica-paragonite ± chlorite.

The cracks with a paragonite filling are abundant in all the hyperaluminous rocks and they suggest a sodic enrichment, the role of which is discussed as for the unstability of some minerals.

Due to the coexistence of diaspore-pyrophyllite and the Si⁴ = 3,2 content of phengite the temperature and pressure of metamorphism was around 360° C and 5 kb.
Propriétés cristallographiques et comportement thermique des termes de la série koettigite˗pasasymplésite
Authors: Cesbron Fabien , Sichère Marie-Claude , Vachey Hélène
Published: October 2019

L'étude de divers échantillons de parasymplésite de la mine Ojuela, Mapimi (Mexique) a montré qu'il existait en fait dans ce gisement toute une série de termes intermédiaires entre la koettigite Zn₃ (AsO₄)₂ 8H₂O et la parasymplésite Fe₃ (AsO₄) • 8H₂O. Les paramètres de tous ces composés sont donnés ainsi que ceux des termes extrêmes de la série ; pour une koettigite synthétique, a = 10,259, b = 13,430, c = 4,762 Å et β = 105, 23°, tandis que pour une parasymplésite pure (Vosges) a = 10,335, b = 13,491, c = 4,777 Å et β = 105,04°.

La variation des paramètres en fonction de la teneur en fer n'est pas linéaire et il existe une discontinuité nette vers la composition (Fe₀,₇Zn₀,₃)₃ (AsO₄)₂ • 8H₂O.

La déshydratation de la koettigite de synthèse conduit à la cristallisation de l'arséniate anhydre Zn₃ (AsO₄)₂ qui subit une transformation irréversible vers 851° C. Ce composé avait été précédemment obtenu lors de la décomposition et de l'oxydation du méta-arsénite de zinc, la leiteite ZnAs₂O₄. Les principales raies du diagramme de poudre de Zn₃ (AsO₄)₂ sont 3,166 (100), 2,879 (42), 2,737 (83), 2,577 (62), 2,473 (40) pour la forme α et 4,03 (53), 3,496 (100), 2,617 (39). 2,498 (57) pour la forme β.
Observations sur les exsolutions dans les orthoamphiboles des roches à sapphirine des Pyrénées
Authors: Abraham Kurt , Monchoux Pierre , Roux Louis , Seifert Friedrich
Published: October 2019

Gedrites from the sapphirine-bearing amphibolites of the Pyrénées are particularly magnesian. Microprobe analyses show a zonation of all components, especially of Si, Mg and, with an opposing trend, of Al and Na. Single-crystal X-ray studies prove the joint occurrence of both single-phase gedrites and exsolved phases (gedrite and anthophyllite). The data allow an extension of the fields of homogeneous gedrites and exsolved phases towards more magnesian compositions than were known before.
IMPROVING STUDENTSâ€™ SPEAKING PROFICIENCY BY USING SPEAKING BOARD GAMES FOR ELEMENTARY STUDENTS AT EDUPRANA LANGUAGE COURSE PALANGKARAYA KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Authors: Norhayati Norhayati
Published: October 2019

There are so many techniques which can be implemented by teachers inorder to support teaching learning process. Some techniques are also usefulfor improving studentsâ€™ speaking proficiency. In Eduprana LanguageCourse, which offer Speak Out program for the young learners, the methodsin practicing speaking mostly used role-play method. In this method,students are required to practice conversation based on the situations thatare provided in module learnt. This method, somehow, make the practice ofspeaking be boring and monotone. In order to solve this problem, theteachers are required to be more creative so the class atmosphere be moreinteresting and students be more creative in speaking. The usage of game inteaching learning process has been known can give positive impact forlearning experiences. So, in this study, the writer tried to implement theusage of speaking board games in order as an effort of improving studentsâ€™speaking proficiency. The method of this study is class actions research,where in this study there are two cycles that are being conducted. The resultof the study showed significant increasing point of pre-test and post-test offour variables in this study; vocabulary 2.51 to 3.11, pronunciation 2.41 to3.16, grammar 2.65 to 3.00, fluency 2.66 to 3.13. So, it can be concludedthat; 1) it is important to provide activities which engage the studentsâ€™participation in the speaking activities and give them more chance to speak,such as playing board games which attracts the studentsâ€™ attention andmake them enthusiastic to join the lesson. 2) Playing board games engagedthe students to speak up. When the students were playing the games, allof them had the same proportion to speak.Keywords: Speaking proficiency, board game, language course
Carlos Abraham (ed.). El cuento fantástico en caras y caretas. Buenos Aires: Cuadernos de la gran aldea, 2018, vol. I
Authors: Palafox Cabrera Jorge
Published: October 2019

El presente volumen es un esfuerzo notable por parte del investigador argentino Carlos Abraham, que compila una serie de narraciones cuya autoría corresponde a numerosas plumas olvidadas que publicaron en la célebre revista semanal de variedades Caras y Caretas, y que tienen como principal particularidad su adscripción al relato fantástico o a la ciencia ficción. Lo anterior lleva a preguntarse: ¿por qué hacer una nueva antología de cuentos fantásticos?...
Geografía y civilizaciones antiguas
Authors: Bergoeing Jean Pierre
Published: October 2019

El autor hace referencias a los últimos descubrimientos arquelógicos asociados a la geomorfología que permiten emitir la hipótesis que la civilización actual es mucho más antigua que lo que se supone.
El derecho de fuga de los migrantes centroamericanos y los desafíos de México como país de tránsito
Authors:   Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Villafuerte Solís Daniel , García Aguilar María del Carmen ,   Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo analiza las caravanas de migrantes centroamericanos con el objetivo de ofrecer una lectura articulada entre la dimensión coyuntural y la estrategia de seguridad global que violenta los procesos de movilidad humana, asociados con la crisis de los sistemas migratorios, los cuales exigían acuerdos básicos entre los países expulsores y los países receptores. Se sostiene que, a pesar de los límites políticos inherentes a sus fines, las caravanas, como acción inédita en la historia de la migración centroamericana, han dado visibilidad al juego violento del derecho y han desvelado la violencia política contenida en el discurso de la seguridad nacional, cuyo simulacro es la invención de los inmigrantes como enemigos invasores y destructores. Paradójicamente, este mito es compartido por los gobernantes del país de tránsito y de los países expulsores. La lectura histórico-estructural, su despliegue geopolítico, y el marco conceptual —soberanía y estado de excepción— modulan el sentido de la acción de sus actores.
La perspectiva feminista de género en la migración laboral internacional
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Roldán Dávila Genoveva
Published: October 2019

Las migraciones internacionales están articuladas por diversas estructuras sociales discriminatorias, signadas por clase social, etnia, edad, nacionalidad. Al respecto, en este artículo se visualiza la presencia de las mujeres marcada además por las condiciones de desigualdad de género. El objetivo de contribuir en el debate se orienta a cuestionar la percepción social androcéntrica y sexista que, empírica o teóricamente, invisibiliza su presencia o la representa en condiciones de subsidiariedad y adhesión a la protagonizada por los hombres. La feminización de las migraciones laborales internacionales es parte esencial de las singularidades que exhibieron las dinámicas migratorias, a partir de la reestructuración capitalista que tuvo auge en las dos últimas décadas del siglo XX y que en el presente siglo, pese a la crisis de 2008, el endurecimiento de las políticas antimigratorias y de la xenofobia populista, no se han materializado en su disminución. Esta situación puede observarse en particular en el gran sistema migratorio constituido por Estados Unidos y mujeres y hombres latinoamericanos.
Studentsâ€™ Perception on Their Motivation in Learning English (The Analysis Studentsâ€™ Motivation Based on Maslowâ€™s Concept)
Authors: Rapiudin Agus Udong
Published: October 2019

The present study aims at analyzing the studentsâ€™ perception toward their motivational need in learning English. The need to learn English is important to be identified so that the education stakeholders catering the studentsâ€™ learning program can possibly figure out the relatively suitable service given to the students. The present study used mixed method. Two instruments were administered to elicit the studentsâ€™ perception on their motivational need as well as finding the determinants /factors which might have affected their motivation. The research findings indicated that the students mostly believed in the importance of learning English. However, at the same time they also indicated that their learning English was a mere instrumental and not for the sake of establishing relationship or living in an English speaking communities. They also considered that while English is important to help them realize their dream, they considered that other skills are also important for actualizing their dream.
EVALUATION OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY OF THE ENTERPRISE AT THE STAGES OF ITS LIFE CYCLE
Authors: Danyliuk Mykola
Published: October 2019

Characteristic signs and directions of evaluation of business activity of the enterprise are generalized. The expediency of more differentiated estimation of business activity for certain types of activity and at all stages of the life cycle is substantiated. The dynamic model of the main stages of the life cycles of the enterprise is constructed. The criteria for identifying the stages of the life cycle of economic entities in the conditions of sustainable development are proposed. A number of contradictions of the social component are formed.
Lembranças revolucionárias de 1919: Revolução Húngara e Rosa Luxemburgo
Authors: Lovatto Angelica
Published: October 2019

Apresentação da Revista Novos Rumos n.56, volume 1, 2019.
Apresentação - A propósito dos 100 anos da Revolução Húngara
Authors: Del Roio Marcos
Published: October 2019

Em março de 1917 abriu-se a fase histórica de revolução socialista internacional, que, começada em São Petsburgo, na Rússia, espalhou-se pela Europa centro-oriental, com o apogeu na primavera de 1919, quando a classe operária assumiu o poder na Hungria. O centenário dessa revolução proletária merece ser lembrado. Os conselhos foram a forma por meio do qual esse novo poder se expressou em todas as regiões alcançadas pelo processo revolucionário -- desde o berço, em São Petsburgo, difundindo-se pela Rússia, pela Alemanha, pela Áustria-Hungria (na medida em que se desintegrava) até o Piemonte, no norte da Itália.
Os sindicatos e a ditadura
Authors: Gramsci Antonio
Published: October 2019

A luta de classe internacional culminou até agora na vitória de operários e camponeses de dois proletariados nacionais. Na Rússia e na Hungria os operários e camponeses instauraram a ditadura proletária e tanto na Rússia como na Hungria a ditadura teve que sustentar uma áspera batalha, não só contra a classe burguesa, mas também contra os sindicatos: o conflito entre a ditadura e os sindicatos foi mesmo uma das causas da queda do Soviet húngaro, pois que os sindicatos, mesmo que nunca tenham tentado abertamente derrubar a ditadura, operaram sempre como organismos “derrotistas” da revolução e incessantemente semearam o desconforto e a covardia entre os operários e os soldados vermelhos. Um exame, mesmo que rápido, sobre as razões e as condições desse conflito, pode ser útil á educação revolucionária das massas, as quais devem se convencer que o sindicato talvez seja o organismo mais importante da revolução comunista, pois a tarefa da socialização da indústria recai sobre ele e porque deve criar as condições para que a empresa privada desapareça e não possa mais surgir, devendo também convencer-se da necessidade de criar, antes da revolução, as condições psicológicas e objetivas que tornem impossíveis qualquer conflito e qualquer dualismo de poder entre os vários organismos que encarnam a luta da classe proletária contra o capitalismo.