bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvements in Germination and Growth of Sprouts Irrigated Using Plasma Activated Water (PAW)
Authors: Guragain Rajesh Prakash , Baniya Hom Bahadur , Shrestha Bikash , Guragain Deepesh Prakash , Subedi Deepak Prasad
Published: February 2023

The extensive use of chemical fertilizers to increase crop yields in agricultural fields has had a negative impact on the environment. To produce more food on less land and fulfill the growing global demand for food, farmers will need innovative and environmentally friendly technology. Several studies have cited the positive effects of plasma-activated water (PAW) on seeds in their research findings. This study investigates the effects of PAW on four distinct seed species: phapar (Fagopyrum esculentum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), mustard (Brassica nigra), and rayo (Brassica juncea). Deionized (DI) water was treated for 5 or 10 min using the gliding arc discharge (GAD) system, which was operated by line frequency in the air. Water analysis indicates that the physiochemical parameters (electrical conductivity, pH, nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia concentration) of PAW were significantly different from DI water. Despite exposure to GAD for a certain period of time, the temperature of DI water did not alter significantly. All calculated germination parameters were significantly enhanced for seeds treated with PAW compared to the control. In addition, they displayed a significant increase in total seedling length and exhibited greater vigor. Seeds immersed in PAW absorbed significantly more water than seeds soaked in DI water, enabling rapid water penetration into the seed and early seedling emergence. This puts plasma agriculture ahead of conventional farming methods.
Integration of Marine and Terrestrial Ecological Economies in the Cities of the Bohai Rim, China, Based on the Concept of Viscosity
Authors: Yu Zhe , Chen Xiaolong , Di Qianbin
Published: February 2023

The integration of sea and land ecological economies is crucial for the development of a high-quality sea–land economy. This study explores and proposes the concept of a sea–land-integrated ecological economy. By constructing the evaluation index system for developing a sea–land-integrated ecological economy, the development level, evolution process, and development trend prediction of a sea–land-integrated ecological economy were evaluated and analysed in cities around the Bohai Sea from 2009 to 2019 using methods such as a model for assessing the development level, a spatio-temporal autocorrelation model, and an exploratory spatio-temporal data analysis model. The results of the study show that (1) the development level of the ecological economy of the cities of Bohai Rim’s sea–land integration generally had an upward trend; however, the magnitude significantly varied between cities; (2) the spatio-temporal autocorrelation pattern formed three major agglomerations with Dalian in the north, Yantai and Qingdao in the south, and Tianjin and Tangshan in the centre as the core cities and contained low agglomerations and scattered L–H spatio-temporal heterogeneous units; and (3) the integration prediction curve for 2020–2029 indicates that the level value for integration of most cities will improve over time.
Achene dispersal in Asteraceae with specific reference to British and Irish Centaurea
Authors: Skilbeck Chris A.
Published: February 2023

This minireview addresses aspects of achene dispersal in Asteraceae with special reference to the genus Centaurea L. It was motivated by a detailed taxonomic study of Centaurea in the NHM British & Irish Herbarium (BM) as well as field observations.
Edward Lhwyd and the plants listed from Glamorgan in Camden’s Britannia
Authors: Preston Christopher D. , Pearman David A.
Published: February 2023

Recent authors have attributed to Edward Lhwyd (c.1660–1709) seven records of plants from Glamorgan first published in the second edition of Richard Gough’s revision of Camden’s Britannia (1806). If correctly attributed, the records of the native Centaurium pulchellum and the alien Antirrhinum majus and Centranthus ruber would be the first from Britain. However, a close examination of the publication history of successive editions of Britannia suggests that the records have no connection to Lhwyd. Although their source is unknown, they very probably date from the period between 1789 and 1806.
Surface Treatment with CO2 to Improve Electrochemical Characteristics of Carbon Felt Electrode for VRFB
Authors: Park Yechan , Kim Sunhoe
Published: February 2023

The carbon felt is usually hired as electrodes for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). In the study, surface modification of carbon felt under CO2 atmosphere with variables of operating various temperature ranges between 700°C and 900°C. The qualitative and quantitative analysis were carried out such as scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to observe degree of surface modification. Result of XPS analysis confirmed increase of carbon and oxidation functional group on the surface with increase of temperature. SEM image was discovered similar phenomena. Electrochemical characteristics such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed the improved electrode performance with increase of temperature. However, the electrochemical performance under treatments temperature of 900°C was less than that of under treatment temperature of 850°C due to weight loss at the treatment temperature of 900°C. From the CV and EIS results, the best electrochemical characteristics was at the temperature of 850°C. That of at the temperature of 900°C was decreased due to weight loss. The energy efficiencies (EE) obtained from full cell test were 69.37, 80.76, 82.45, and 75.47%, at the temperature of 700, 800, 850, and 900°C, respectively.
Mixing materials in false ceilings to increase sound diffusion in education spaces
Authors: Fratoni Giulia , D'Orazio Dario , Barbaresi Luca , Garai Massimo , Cappellini Luca
Published: February 2023

According to the International standards on education spaces, in situ acoustic tests should achieve specific reverberation time targets. Since the match between predictive formulas and measurements increase with the sound field diffuseness, it is extremely important to pursue such condition
through proper design choices. For example, false ceilings can play a key role in controlling room acoustic features; however, the use of such elements is generally considered only for absorption purposes. For this reason, the present work concerns mixing materials in false ceilings within
a group of teaching spaces here taken as case studies. The alternation of materials with different acoustic impedances has been investigated through experimental acoustic measurements and numerical models in order to assess the related sound diffusion increase. The ceiling treatment here proposed
proved to be an efficient and smart method to exploit diffraction effects along material discontinuities junctions. The match between early design predictive formulas and the results of the acoustic measurements enhanced the reliability of the acoustic design process and set up a potential
new guideline for indoor acoustic treatments.
Influencing companies to purchase lower noise tool consumables?
Authors: Steel Chris , Hawker Antonia
Published: February 2023

This paper shows how targeted basic research and existing regulations can influence duty holders (business owners) to use lower noise consumables on their power tools (saws, drills, grinders). We will show; (1) how existing regulations should change buying habits, (2) why lower noise
consumables should be the standard in some industries, (3) how target basic research inform enforcement, (4) how to influence industry through advice and, (5) potential enforcement. New data will show it is possible to get a 5 dB reduction by buying the right combination of grinder products.
The paper describes a regulatory method that combines research and enforcement to reduce noise risk. The paper may be of interest to, health and safety regulators, tool manufacturers, noise consultants, and purchasing managers.
Effects of aircraft noise on psychophysiological feedback in under-route open spaces
Authors: Qu Fei , Xie Qi
Published: February 2023

Aircraft noise pollution is getting increasingly severe due to striding development of worldwide air transport. In high-density cities, a large number of residential areas are exposed to airport routes where flight-over noise poses a serious threat to public health. However, most existing
research is limited to the thresholds for annoyance lacking in-depth exploration into the psychophysiological mechanisms that induce health responses. This study aims to examine the health effects of aircraft noise on both subjective evaluation and objective physiological indicators in a laboratory
setting. Aircraft noise samples were collected in the under-route open spaces and their effects on annoyance and physiological feedback, including Skin Conductance Response (EDA) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV), were examined using listening experiment and ErgoLAB electrophysiological response
monitoring. The study analysed the relationship between psychophysiological responses and subjective annoyance. The psychoacoustic parameters that induced emotion-related feedback were also identified. The results are expected to provide indicators to assess and improve the health of under-route
communities.
Sonic Boom over land avoidance and the impact on economic feasibility
Authors: Pfaender Holger
Published: February 2023

There has been renewed interest in commercial supersonic air travel in recent years with a number of new efforts being pursued by several companies. They currently advertise entry into service of these new concepts within the next decade. Current regulations do not permit overland operations
for supersonic vehicles due to the sonic booms produced during flight. In order to capture a favorable market share, these vehicles will need to serve routes while abiding with the over land boom restrictions. This study presents a comprehensive approach to overland-prohibited supersonic flight
routing and route-specific demand forecasting for commercial supersonic air travel, in order to assess the expected market. This also includes the need for the seasonally dependent need to avoid secondary sonic boom exposure of land.
Combined acoustic testing of home appliances: a case study
Authors: Rapino Luca , La Paglia Ivano , Ripamonti Francesco , Corradi Roberto , Acri Antonio
Published: February 2023

To improve the comfort of the domestic environment, the acoustic performances of home appliances need to be optimised. During the product development stages, manufacturers typically carry out acoustic measurements to validate design strategies and to perform troubleshooting. Moreover,
several experimental techniques can be used depending on the target of the analyses. In this paper, the sound field radiated by an operating washing machine is investigated. A combined acoustic testing is carried out by means of a sound intensity probe and a microphone array. The details on
the tests' execution and the data processing are presented. The experimental results are discussed, providing a synthesis of the two sets of measurements.
Burden of disease due to transportation noise in the Nordic countries
Authors: Aasvang Gunn Marit , Stockfelt Leo , Sørensen Mette , Turunen Anu , Roswall Nina , Yli-Tuomi Tarja , Ögren Mikael , Kollanus Virpi , Lanki Timo , Selander Jenny , Vincens Natalia , Pyko Andrei , Pershagen Göran , Sulo Gerhard , Kocbach Bølling Anette
Published: February 2023

Environmental noise is of considerable public health concern, and quantification of the health impacts is important for preventive strategies. In this project we estimated the burden of disease due to road traffic and railway noise in four Nordic countries and their capital cities in
terms of DALYs (Disability-Adjusted Life Years). Available data on noise exposure were used, including data from strategic noise mapping according to the Environmental Noise Directive, END (Directive 2002/49/EC). High degree of noise annoyance (HA), high degree of sleep disturbance (HSD) and
ischemic heart disease (IHD) were included in the analyses based on exposure-response associations recommended by WHO. Country-specific estimates of IHD from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study were used. Since several aspects of the noise exposure modelling vary considerably between
the Nordic countries, no comparable estimates could be made for the entire countries. For the capital cities comparable estimates ranged from 330 to 485 DALYs/100,000 for road traffic noise, and from 40 to 140 DALYs/100 000 for railway noise. High annoyance and high degree of sleep disturbance
accounted for the largest part of DALYs for road traffic and railway noise, respectively. Further harmonization of noise exposure modelling is important for comparative disease burden assessment.
Experimental study of the Sound Absorption of Nylon Woven Fabric
Authors: Wang Fang , Cai Zenong , Li Xianhui , Gai Xiaoling , Xing Tuo
Published: February 2023

Nylon is the world's earliest synthetic fiber, it has excellent performance and rich raw material resources, so that it has been used until now. The purpose of this research is to investigate the acoustics of thin fabric. Acoustically, it can be seen as a thin layer composed of porous
fibrous materials. Therefore, its sound absorption performance is the combination of at least two kinds of sound absorption mechanisms. The main purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between sound absorption properties and structural parameters of thin fabric by means of experiment
. The study concerning the transmission and attenuation of acoustic wave in thin fabrics is helpful for the design of thin fabric, and improving its applications in the field of noise control and indoor acoustics.
A longitudinal study into response to vibrations and noise due to rail traffic: design, questionnaire and respons
Authors: Simon Sendrick , van Kempen Elise , Kock Arnaud , Mabjaia Nick , van Kamp Irene
Published: February 2023

Despite a call for attention already for years, the health effects of vibrations due to rail traffic have been understudied. In the meanwhile, rail traffic (passenger and freight) is increasing and regulations for vibration need to be adapted accordingly. In order to fill this gap and
with the aim to better inform policy, a baseline survey was performed in 2013 among people of 16 years and older living within 300 meter from a railroad track (N= 4927). Based on the results and in view of the railroad expansion, monitoring was advised. In 2019 and 2021 the measurements were
repeated in participants who indicated that they could be contacted again. This resulted in 1349 and 784 participants in measurement 1 and 2 respectively. This allows studying trends in effects while accounting for co-determinants and changes in exposure, providing the building blocks for
further development of policy and regulations on railway vibration. We are currently analyzing the data, and will present the first results at the conference
Prediction of turnout support deterioration through dynamic train-track interactions integrated with artificial intelligence
Authors: Sresakoolchai Jessada , Hamarat Mehmet , Kaewunruen Sakdirat
Published: February 2023

Due to the increase of rolling stocks' speed and limited area for railway project construction which result in sharper curves, vibration perceived by passengers tends to be higher. The higher vibrations negatively affect passenger comfort. In addition, there are different parameters
affecting passenger comfort. In this study, track stiffness deterioration is studied to explore the effect on passenger comfort. Track stiffness deterioration can be occurred by different causes such as the exceeded load applying to rail infrastructure, regular application, or extreme events
such as flooding. These causes all make the track deterioration and the track stiffness will decrease. Besides the rail infrastructure deteriorates and maintenance needs to be performed which results in cost, it also results in worse passenger comfort because the track infrastructure is less
stable. The finite element method is applied to develop rolling stock models and study the effects of track stiffness deterioration on rail passenger comfort. Finite element models are verified with field data to ensure that the results from simulations are reliable. Passenger comfort is evaluated
based on accelerations which are the main parameters in many standards.
Psychoacoustic properties of tire-road noise and the relation to noise annoyance
Authors: Fiebig Andre , Jakobs Christoph
Published: February 2023

Rolling noise as the interaction between tire and road contributes strongly to the total road noise in particular as engines become quieter due to more strict noise regulations and the emergence of electric motors. Thus, road traffic noise can be effectively reduced by optimizing vehicle
tires and the pavement. Over the last decades, different pavements were developed to reduce tire/road noise as for example a porous asphalt surface or stone mastic asphalt reduce significantly rolling noise over a period of about 10 years. In the past the noise reduction due to different pavement
types and layers were validly determined, several measurement methods established and level reduction values incorporated in noise directives like the German guidelines for noise protection at roads. However, little attention was paid to assess the annoyance reduction effect of different pavements
in detail. As the road tire noise is not only reduced in level but is also affected in spectrum, road traffic noise annoyance might not be accurately predicted by considering the level reduction only. In the following paper diverse road traffic noise measurements related to different pavements
are analyzed from a psychoacoustic point of view and the resulting noise annoyance investigated.
Numerical simulation of vibroacoustic damping by granular materials
Authors: Asakura Takumi
Published: February 2023

Recently, many efforts related to vibration reduction of plate vibration using granular materials can be seen. In this paper, a simulation method of the damping effect of bending vibration of the plate by granular material combining following two kinds of methods was proposed. One is
the discrete element method (DEM) which simulate the motion of the granular material. The other is the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method which simulate the vibration of the thin plate. By using this coupling method, influence of the granular material on the plate vibration was investigated.
Validity of the proposed method was confirmed by comparison between the results of the calculation and the model experiment.
Adapting a slit model to determine the aeroacoustic response of tube rows
Authors: Surendran Aswathy , Na Wei , Boakes Charles , Yang Dong , Morgans Aimee , Boij Susann
Published: February 2023

Cylindrical tubes in cross-flow, like the ones found in heat exchangers, are excellent acoustic dampers and as such have the potential to mitigate thermoacoustic instabilities. Flow separation and vortex shedding downstream of the tube row are key to significantly enhancing sound attenuation.
However, constructing an analytical solution for the aeroacoustic response of tube rows in cross-flow is very challenging owing to the complex flow structure, vortex shedding and coupling with acoustics. To overcome this, we propose the adaptation of a slit model for tube row acoustic scattering
(aeroacoustic response) predictions at low Strouhal numbers. The slit model was modified such that the loss coefficients across the slit and the tube row matches. The model is then validated against numerical predictions using Linearised Navier Stokes Equations and experimental measurements.
The predictions for both magnitude and phase for transmission and reflection coefficients agree well with the simulations and experiments.
A field experiment on the effect of sound absorption installed to a highly reverberant preschool classroom
Authors: Kawai Keiji , Ishizawa Midori , Matsufuji Yuuki
Published: February 2023

Japanese national or local governments have not published any standard for acoustic performance of classrooms and this is reflected by the rare consideration of sound absorption in classrooms. A preschool classroom, targeted in this study, was found to be highly reverberant (V = 200
m³, RT = 1.0 s at 1 kHz) because the room was originally an outdoor space of ground floor pilotis and converted into a classroom by constructing concrete walls between the columns with the fire-resistant hard ceiling panels remained. The author proposed a temporary installation of sound
absorbing material and to conduct a field experiment to examine and experience the effect of sound absorption. Sound absorbing felt was attached on the ceiling and the walls to reduce the RT to 0.5 s. By this, the slope of doubled distance reduction increased from 1.1 dB to 2.5 dB, which should
mitigate the confusion of speech by children in the room. The result of sound level monitoring indicated 6.8 dB decrease at 1-2 kHz in the absorbed condition, which is greater than the 3.8 dB decrease measured in the unoccupied condition using a loudspeaker source, implying 2.9 dB decrease
of the voice of the children.
The evolution of a lexicon for Sustainable Acoustics
Authors: Rogers Peter
Published: February 2023

Articulating how sustainability and acoustics fit together has been a challenge, with acoustics facing the image problem that it can't solve climate change or global overcrowding of the planet, creating a perceived lack of importance in the big picture. This paper focuses on understanding
the ubiquitous nature of acoustics is central to a sustainable future, relying heavily on acoustics solutions as a tool to tackle problems faced by humanity on land, air, water. Sound has provided humanity's first early warning system and listening from space is an example of exactly how acoustics
can do more in its many areas of influence, when considering healthy cities, natural capital and the need to monitor and adapt to extreme events. Lindsay's Wheel has served acoustics well, explaining how such a broad field connects up, but is in isolation from the central existential threats
humanity now faces in climate change and determining what sustainable living for humanity means for the future. To evolve and expand the understanding of how acoustics can help deliver sustainable outcomes a new version of the lexicon is proposed, intended to aid the paradigm shift and acceleration
needed of acousticians to engage in the local and global solutions needed.
Gym Acoustics Guidance - the standardised UK approach
Authors: Rogers Peter , Woodhams Sebastian
Published: February 2023

A drive for low to net zero carbon structures has required a change of direction for Modern Construction Methods to lighter weight buildings, which need to be suitable for many uses over its lifecycle. Gym's present one of the more challenging uses within a building, especially when
in close proximity to residents, which is a desirable aim for sustainable living close to facilities that are positive for health and wellbeing. A standardised approach has therefore been developed for assessing the suitability of buildings for Gym uses, bringing together the experience of
those acoustic professionals working in this area in the UK. The results of this collaboration by a working group of the Association of Noise Consultants, with other professional bodies are discussed, with a working draft document now available ahead of its publication. A look at the approaches
it contains include a standardised measurement approaches for heavy drops, a practical prediction method, advice for developers and Local Authorities, with insights of the thinking behind it. This paper shares the UK's approach to this challenge, which is an important future noise control
solution for the sustainable future of multi-use buildings.
Citizen Science and Soundscape Perception during Covid restrictions in the UK
Authors: Rogers Peter , Smith Jim , Ward Ben
Published: February 2023

Winchester Science Centre in Southern England hosts a significant number of informative exhibits pertaining to principles of acoustics; one such example being on the subject of euphony. In a period of time between the first and third COVID lockdowns, visitors to this exhibit were asked
what sounds they noticed more or less of, and what their favourite and least favourite sounds were during this period.The results are shared with two-fold benefit: to assist the public perception of noise and euphony, and to capture the aural response of the public to the 2020 COVID restrictions.This
paper explores these results, but also the potential for conducting research from a larger cohort of visitors using a citizen science approach to deliver big data sets, to further explore the perception of sound in the environment with regard to its context.
Manchester Soundscape Experiment Online 2020: an overview
Authors: Carvalho Maria Luiza , Davies William J. , Fazenda Bruno
Published: February 2023

This paper presents results from the Manchester Soundscape Experiment Online 2020. It consisted of a virtual reality (VR) experiment online where participants rated 12 different scenarios with questions. The selected locations were Piccadilly Gardens, Market Street, Peel Park, and a
bus stop. Each site was visited and recorded with a 360 camera and soundfield microphone on three crowd densities (empty, medium, and busy). Audio stimuli were converted from first-order ambisonic recordings to head-tracked binaural using Facebook Spatial Workstation software. The questions
included the eight soundscape attributes from ISO 12913, three emotional self-assessment manikins, and demographic information. A total of 63 nationalities composed the group of 158 participants. Results from Piccadilly Gardens demonstrated that the eventful and vibrant scales significantly
increased with the number of people in the scene. This tendency also happened at Market Street and Peel Park on the arousal emotional state. The other sites had these increases but were not as significant. Future research will include verifying these findings in laboratory conditions alongside
measurements of brain activity via electroencephalogram.
Effects of a noise-induced audiometric notch on tinnitus distress
Authors: Gurses Emre , Akis Esma
Published: February 2023

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a widely known occupational health problem. Two initial characteristics of NIHL are audiometric notch and tinnitus. Many studies focus on the relationship between NIHL and either audiometric notch or tinnitus, however an investigation on the link
between audiometric notch and tinnitus is still missing. The objective of the current study is to evaluate tinnitus distress in individuals with noise-induced audiometric notch. A group of 11 individuals with a history of noise exposure and sensorineural hearing loss were included. Tinnitus
mapping, including location, loudness, pitch and minimal masking level; residual inhibition (RI), tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), and Mini-Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ 12-T) were performed. Audiometric notch was observed at 6 kHz, being in line with previous studies, in 46% of the participants.
However, a significant number of participants (54%) had audiometric notch at 4 kHz. According to THI and TQ 12-T results, noise-induced audiometric notch was associated with moderate tinnitus distress. Additionally, tinnitus pitch was closely correlated to the notch frequency and easily inhibited
by the sound.
Applicability of ISO 16283-3 for field measurement of sound insulation of partially open windows
Authors: Søndergaard Lars Sommer , Rasmussen Birgit , Egedal Rune , Stahlfest Holck Skov Rasmus
Published: February 2023

Façade sound insulation regulations are typically focused on closed windows. However, many people prefer open windows for ventilation purposes, or simply because of the psychological effect of having an open window. As such it is important to be able to correctly quantify the
sound insulation, also with open windows. The international standard ISO 16283-3 describes a field method for test of façade sound insulation of facades or façade elements, e.g. a window, which is further explained in the scope: "The element methods aim to estimate the sound
reduction index of a façade element, for example, a window. The most accurate element method uses a loudspeaker as an artificial sound source. Other less accurate element methods use available traffic noise". However, the standard is probably primarily meant for closed windows,
and not for open windows. The applicability of ISO 16283-3 for open windows is therefore under investigation for such conditions which are included in an additional Danish environmental noise guideline. Generally, it can be concluded that the traffic noise method is applicable, but care should
be taken by using the loudspeaker method for partially open windows, since the results depend highly on the window opening position compared to the loudspeaker position.
Numerical investigation of sound transmission through single and double walls with periodic arrays of resonators
Authors: Jovanoska Milica , Samardzioska Todorka
Published: February 2023

Lightweight partition walls are widely used in buildings, especially nowadays when sustainability is of a major interest. At the same time noise pollution is becoming a growing problem across the globe. All this implies the need to find possible solutions for sound insulation improvement
of the lightweight partitions. This paper is focused on exploring the possibilities of exploiting the dynamic effects of periodic subwavelength arrays of resonators for sound insulation enhancement. In order to improve the sound transmission loss in a specific frequency region, periodic resonant
units are tuned and introduced to single and double panels. It can be shown that the resonance mode of the resonators couples with the host plate vibration in the way of breaking the mass law and overcoming some phenomena like coincidence effect and mass-air-mass resonance. The investigation
of the considered panels under acoustic field excitation is conducted using different methods. Sound transmission loss curves and dispersion diagrams are calculated. Finite element method is employed for this purpose, but also the theory of three-dimensional elasticity and well-known transfer
matrix method (TMM). Several designs of resonators are proposed.
Acoustics for a Sustainable Future
Authors: Grove Richard
Published: February 2023

Sustainability is now at the core of everything we are do, from our personal daily lives to how we engineer the built environment and treat it in operation. The need for acousticians to consider sustainability is now, more than ever, a critical element in having acoustic interventions
included in a design. The wide ranging terminology and acronyms associated with sustainability, abstract concepts of physiology and psychology around Health and Wellbeing, and passing references made in wider policy, standards and guidance, can be difficult to navigate and resolve with technical
acoustic performance when applied in practice. Since much of an acousticians work centred on technical acoustic performance, much needed consideration to sustainability can often be overlooked. This paper seeks to provide a review of the current position in relation to sustainability, including
references to the UN Sustainable Development Goals, Life Cycle Analysis, The Circular Economy, and Whole Life Carbon including Embodied and Operational Carbon impacts that my arise from recommendations made by acoustic designers. Health and wellbeing impacts are also discussed, through reference
to the Genius Loci and acoustic design as an integral element in the building design process, demonstrating how carefully considered acoustic design can contribute positively to Sustainable Communities.
Human diversity in acoustics. Towards a more inclusive sound environment.
Authors: Rosas-Pérez Carmen , Galbrun Laurent
Published: February 2023

The study of human responses to sound generally recognises the great importance of taking into account the diversity existent in sounds and acoustics environments, but it rarely adopts the same approach with respect to the diversity in human beings and their responses, providing results
as averages meant to represent the 'normal' response, and disregarding discrepancies as 'outliers'. In this paper, neurodiversity and autism is presented as part of the aural diversity factors that can lead to having different experiences of sounds, and an ongoing doctoral research project
aiming at representing autistic people's experiences of the acoustic environment is introduced. Differences in perception of sounds can entail different challenges and needs, that are not currently contemplated in acoustics and soundscape research. The authors believe that all these aspects
ought to be considered to widen our understanding of the field, to improve research and practice, and to create acoustic environments that are not just designed for a limited part of the population.
The effect of loudness on spatial knowledge acquisition in a virtual outpatient polyclinic
Authors: Dalirnaghadeh donya , Yilmazer Semiha
Published: February 2023

This study aims to find out whether changing the loudness level of sound sources creates soundmarks that aid spatial knowledge in a virtual outpatient polyclinic. Furthermore, it aims to examine the effect of loudness on perceptual attributes of the sound environment. In reference to
the crossmodal correspondence of brightness and loudness and the positive perceptions associated with brightness, we explore whether the loudness of a sound source alters the perception of the sound environment. In this study, a virtual simulated outpatient polyclinic has been created with
varying additions of a sound with different loudness levels. Twenty-four participants were assigned to one of the three groups: a control group (no change in the sound environment of the polyclinic), a normalized loudness group (addition of an announcement and alarm sound with normalized loudness
level to the background), increased loudness (announcement and alarm sound were 3dB louder than the background). The results showed that group 3 was rated as more contented, less annoying, and more energetic and stimulated than the other groups. Additionally, there was a trend towards group
3 performing better than the other groups in spatial knowledge tasks.
A methodological proposal to measure rolling noise under real road use conditions
Authors: Atanasio Moraga Pedro , Sánchez Fernández Manuel , Rey Gozalo Guillermo , Montes González David , Vílchez-Gómez Rosendo , Bachiller León Alicia , Barrigón Morillas Juan Miguel
Published: February 2023

The consideration of temperature as a factor influencing the sound power generated by tyre contact with the road has been known for several decades. However, the introduction of this effect in the methods recommended for the elaboration of strategic maps is very recent. So far, this
issue has been studied in the scientific literature, in most cases using different standardised methods. They generally involve controlled conditions for different variables, for example, the type of tyre. On the other hand, studies presenting methodologies for measuring the effect of temperature
on rolling noise, under normal road use conditions and using the basic indicators for the preparation of noise maps, are very recent. This study presents a methodological proposal to evaluate the effect of air and pavement temperature on rolling noise. The spectral results obtained in two
measurement campaigns are compared. The most important differences between the two campaigns have been observed in the low frequency bands. Moreover, in this frequency range, variations are observed with respect to the results reported in the literature for controlled conditions and also with
the CNOSSSOS-EU recommendations.
Data-driven reconstruction of rough surfaces from acoustic scattering
Authors: Johnson Michael-David , Krynkin Anton , Dolcetti Giulio , Alkmim Mansour , Cuenca Jacques , De Ryck Laurent , Li Yue
Published: February 2023

This work investigates the use of data-driven approaches for reconstructing rough surfaces from scattered sound. The proposed methods stand as alternatives to matrix inversion, which requires a linearisation of the dependence on the surface parameters. Here, a large dataset was formed
from different surface realisations alongside the corresponding scattered acoustic field, estimated through the Kirchhoff Approximation. Limiting this work to the reconstruction of a static surface, K-Nearest Neighbours, Random Forests, and a stochastic approach are compared to recover a parameterisation
of surfaces using the scattered acoustical pressure as input. The models are then validated against a laboratory experiment alongside methods highlighted in Dolcetti et. al., JSV, 2021. The models are tested at a frequency that best fits the lab uncertainties, then tested on a broad frequency
range. This scheme provides relatively accurate results in comparison to the approaches tested. Estimation errors as well as robustness in the presence of noise are discussed.
Why listening matters
Authors: Trevor-jones David , Rogers Peter
Published: February 2023

Sound is the only one of our senses that remains active while we sleep. Through hearing we test our safety at distance and in the dark. It can also condition the way we feel. Noise can affect our health and well-being negatively but sound may do so positively. Acousticians are used
to measuring noise but the more positive effects of sound less well understood. The idea that sound can reduce stress and inhance our sense of wellbeing and even improve our health is a tantalising target for soundscape designs in the future but we need more fully to understand how to achieve
it in a scientific way. We know that a tranquil place does not need to be quiet for instance, and that context and non-acoustic factors are important in the perception of tranquillity. We know that natural sounds: waves breaking, rain, leaves rustling, water babbling, birdsong; and some anthropogenic
sounds: a familiar voice, the murmur of conversation, music; can contribute to a positive soundscape. Some examples and the current understanding of why this is, taking in cues from neuroscience, medicine and psychoacoustics are explored leading to quantification of these benefits for application
in soundscape analysis and, ultimately, design.
Study on railway curve squeal using a rigid-flexible coupling model of vehicle and track
Authors: Tian Qiuyong , Zhou Yichang , Hanisch Thilo , Hecht Markus
Published: February 2023

Squeal noise occurring in narrow curves is one of the most annoying noise issues for people living by the railway track. When vehicles pass through those curves, squeal noise is mainly generated due to the large, high-frequency, lateral sliding friction force. To investigate generation
mechanism of curve squeal, a three-dimensional (3D) vehicle-track interaction model with a flexible wheelset and a flexible curved track is built in a multi-body simulation tool in this paper. Compared to conventional rigid models, this model allows to obtain the high frequency friction force
between wheel and rail. This calculated friction force in the frequency domain is analyzed to identify the major modes. Those modes are compared with the modal properties of the wheelsets and rails in order to determine which of their modes have the main contribution to the friction force
and the squeal noise. In addition, a parametric study is performed to study the influence of vehicle speed, curve radius, wheel/rail friction coefficient and further parameters on the dominant modes of friction forces.
MEMs Based Low-Cost Urban Noise Monitoring: Tests and Case Study
Authors: Weitbrecht Paola , Monteiro Carolina , Jacomussi Leonardo , Borin Marcel , Jardim Cecilia
Published: February 2023

Noise pollution has been one of the main causes of citizens' discomfort in the urban centres in Brazil, an issue enhanced by the Covid pandemic that resulted in an increase of noise complaints, especially those related to noise from construction sites. This context triggered the construction
industry to pursue solutions to understand the acoustic reality and minimise the impacts through regulations that require long-term noise measurements. Due to the necessity of a comprehensive evaluation in several locations, class 1 Sound Level Meters measurement systems can hardly be considered
because of their high costs. This paper discusses the practical implementation of MEMs in a low-cost monitoring system for urban noise, focusing on construction sites. The prototype, based on a Raspberry Pi (a single-board computer model widely used in IoT projects) and a MEMs microphone with
I²S interface for high-fidelity digital audio communication, was compared in a controlled environment to a Sound Level Meter of Class 1 through validation tests, such as calibration, frequency response, and dynamic range. Field measurements were also carried out in typical urban noise-generating
sound environments.
Impact of stretch on the flame dynamics of laminar premixed flames
Authors: Scoletta Edoardo , Polifke Wolfgang
Published: February 2023

Flame transfer functions (FTF) of laminar premixed flames acoustically forced are analytically investigated and modelled. The study is based on the linearized G-equation, which is used to kinematically track the flame front. In order to incorporate combustion properties, the laminar
consumption speed is considered varying depending on the flame front stretch. Once written in dimensionless form, the G-equation reveals that the FTF depends on 3 dimensionless parameters: a Strouhal number (St2) that accounts for the convective time of the flow perturbation along
the flame-front, the flame aspect-ratio (Lf/R) and the dimensionless Markstein length, adimensionalized by the injector radius. It is shown that the latter term is responsible for a flame-flow feedback that acts as damper or amplifier of the flame perturbation, respectively for thermodiffusively
stable or unstable flames. A LOM FTF is derived both for Conical and V-flames, highlighting the impact of stretch for each configuration. Ultimately the obtained FTFs are compared to previously proposed analytical FTFs from the literature, underlining the importance of stretch at high frequency.
Nanofluidic Attenuation of Metal-Organic Frameworks
Authors: Xiao Heting , Jiang Hebin , Yin Haixia , Sun Yueting
Published: February 2023

Porous materials with energy absorption characteristics have been used for attenuation against hazardous vibrations and noises. The intrusion of liquid water and aqueous solutions into hydrophobic nanoporous materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) present an attractive pathway
to engineering new attenuation technologies. In this process, hydrostatic pressure forces water to intrude hydrophobic nanopores, thereby converting mechanical work into interfacial energy through nanoscale interfacial interactions. Once the external pressure is removed, water molecules can
flow out of the nanopores spontaneously, making the system reversible. We envision that this mechanism has the potential of innovating attenuation technologies, so in this work we provided a preliminary study in this direction. We investigated a material system consisting of water and a commonly
used MOF, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), and demonstrated its reversibility and stability under cyclic pressurization, considered its performance at various peak pressures and frequencies, its tunability in terms of intrusion pressure, and its potential in hydrogel forms. These
features are important for potential attenuation technologies based on this novel mechanism.
Give noise a voice so it can be better understood.
Authors: Wschiansky Sebastian
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the European Outdoor Noise Directive (OND) 2000/14/EC is to provide to the buyer of a machine relevant noise information so an informed buying decision favoring low noise machinery will be made. This in return should incentivize manufacturers over time to produce quieter
machinery. However, the results of this strategy have yet to meet the expectations. Multiple issues have been recognized and investigated over the last years. As a result two guides were published, one for manufacturers to provide correct noise information and one for buyers in their purchases.
Efforts are made to resolve issues with measurement standards. The actual noise label applied on OND-machines is also one of the identified issues at time of purchase. And for market surveillance it provides no real help. So what could be done to improve the situation? What key parts in the
process involving different stakeholders and procedures should be addressed? This paper proposes a technical solution to provide understandable noise information to buyers in an effective way by leveraging mobile communication technology and by taking in account insights about human buying
behavior. The solution could also help making market surveillance more effective.
Aerodynamic noise due to complex internal flow through cordless vacuum cleaner and suction tower station
Authors: Lee Kwongi , Cheong Cheolung , Park Kyeonghun , Jang Jinman
Published: February 2023

Although the demands and sales of cordless vacuum cleaner are on the rise in the global home appliance markets, consumers face the inconvenience of short battery life and frequent emptying of the dust box. To solve this inconvenience, a station tower that can automatically charge the
battery and empty the dust box has been developed. However, aerodynamic noise generated when the station tower sucks dust causes another inconvenience. The purpose of this study is to identify the major aerodynamic noise sources that occur when such a station tower is connected to a wireless
vacuum cleaner and operate, and to develop a low-noise design based on this. First, the entire flow path of a cordless vacuum cleaner and a station tower was simulated using the unsteady compressible RANS equations. Then, the main aerodynamic noise sources were identified using the vortex
sound sources. From these results, the flow region through the head throat of the cordless vacuum cleaner was identified one of the most significant aerodynamic noise sources. Based on the identified noise source mechanism, new throat design was proposed, and its validity was investigated
using a high-resolution Large Eddy Simulation technique. It was found that the strength of vortex sound source of pipe flow through the new head throat was much less than the original one. Finally, the new design geometry was applied to create a prototype, and the sound pressure spectrum measured
for the prototype was compared to the original, which showed that the radiated noise level of the new one was less than the original one.