bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REVIEW: Stefan Sienerth, Bespitzelt und bedrängt – verhaftet und verstrickt. Rumäniendeutsche Schriftsteller und Geisteswissenschaftler im Blickfeld der Securitate. Studien und Aufsätzes
Authors: Sass Maria
Published: August 2023

The present volume, German Writers and Scholars from Romania in the eyes of the State Security [Securitate], paints a picture of Romanian society during the communist period by looking at the relationship of some German writers from Romania with the Secret Police. Stefan Sienerth’s volume consists of fifteen extensive studies that provide profiles of cynical and abject members of the State Security but also of some of the writers’ informants, who were blackmailed into collaborating under threat of being arrested. All studies are based on empirical research and on analysing documents from the CNSAS Security Archive, and describe an absurd world dominated by anxiety, fear, betrayal, blackmail, as well as the unscrupulous and cynical operating methods employed by the State Security. These are very rich in information and explicit, with clear statements and very precise terminology, revealing a very experienced researcher, as well as characterizing an era through the prism of a network of destinies, some of which are implacable.
On Decolonizing Sociology
Authors: Itzigsohn José
Published: August 2023

There is a growing interest in decolonizing Sociology. Yet, there is no agreed upon definition of what this entails. In this essay I address two questions related to the decolonizing sociology effort. The first one is whether sociology has a mainstream and, if so, how can we describe it? In discussing this question, I also address the relationship between sociology and science. The second question is how do we go about decolonizing the discipline? I present the outlines of a proposal to decolonize sociology’s methodologies and practices and I also discuss the differences between alternative approaches and the question of what labels should we use. I don’t presume to have definitive answers to these questions. I offer these reflections as a contribution to the effort of rethinking sociology, a process that needs to be a collective endeavor.
Biografia romanțată ca proiect editorial recent – Constantin Brâncuși în contextul life writing
Authors: Amzică Andreea
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to explore what might be the limits of what we call today Biographical Novel, framed as Biographical Fiction or Life Writing, research that has as its central objective to find an answer to questions such as: what might be the features of the genre and what purpose do they serve today? How do we relate to past personalities in the present context and what can we extract from their lives – can we talk about censorship/ attributing an unrealistic context to a public personality? But more importantly, what is the relationship between fact and fiction constructed, given that the boundary between these is very vulnerable? All these questions are meant to guide the readers throughout the study. Even if the genre is not so much in demand among writers today, probably for reasons related to the economy of time, such writing can become interesting to study how the author chooses to present someone’s life, a choice that must first be well documented, and then fully assumed, with full responsibility for the facts shown. The points on which the paper will focus are related to the novel of Moni Stănilă Brâncuși sau cum a învățat țestoasa să zboare, the biography Constantin Brancusi by Sanda Miller and the „On Constantin Brancusi” study written by Dore Ashton, where the construction of Constantin Brâncuși’s personality, as it appears in their works, will be contextualized in World Literature.
Literatura în cinematografia românească: ecranizări ale operei literare sau surse de inspirație regizorală?
Authors: Despan Mihaela
Published: August 2023

The paper proposes an analysis of literature’s role in the current Romanian cinematographic context, starting from two case studies: After the Hills (2012) by Cristian Mungiu, based on the novel Spovedanie la Tanacu by Tatiana Niculescu Bran and Moromeții 2 (2018) by Stere Gulea, based on the novels Moromeții vol. II and Viața ca o pradă… by Marin Preda. The approach aims to carry out a comparative analysis regarding both the role played by the literary work in the cinematographic production as well as the valorization of the literary work through the film. In the current socio-cultural context, the artistic impact of a film creates the cultural premises for the propagation of a literary work to several types of audiences. Artistic products derived from literary works develop a series of issues regarding adaptation methods, aesthetic interpretation, and even artistic interference regarding the assimilation of a literary piece in relation to the cinematographic production. The paper presents two case studies to analyze how the literary work appears either as an adjunct to the cinematographic production or as a central element of the filmographic artistic exposition. These case studies are used to determine the role that the film industry has in the processes of internationalization, propagation, and even popularization of a literary work in a Romanian consumer society, which is dangerously far removed from the book industry. Thus, the scientific approach proposes an exploration of literary valorization through cinematographic artistic products in order to popularize and mediate literature in today’s society.
Review Symposium: Creolizing the Modern: Transylvania across Empires
Authors: Parvulescu Anca , Boatcă Manuela
Published: August 2023

This article is the authors’ response to the Transilvania journal special issue dedicated to Creolizing the Modern: Transylvania across Empires (Cornell University Press, 2022). The issue (no. 10, 2022) featured articles and review articles on inter-imperiality and decolonial thought, alongside several pieces on world literature and cultural representations of Romania. In response to the critiques formulated by the contributors, Anca Parvulescu and Manuela Boatcă clarify some aspects and offer further insight into their theories. Since its publication, the book has attracted much deserved attention, being awarded the 2023 René Wellek Prize for best monograph from the American Comparative Literature Association (ACLA) and the 2023 Barrington Moore Award from the Comparative and Historical Sociology Section of the American Sociological Association (ASA).
IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA NAIVE BAYES UNTUK PREDIKSI CALON PENERIMA BLT
Authors: Muhamad Adhi Mukti  , Wiyanto Wiyanto , Ismasari Nawangsih
Published: August 2023

Permasalahan terjadi di Desa Tridaysakti, Kabupaten Bekasi banyak masyarakat yang tidak mendapatkan BLT, masyarakat menilai pihak desa kurang objektif dan tidak transparan dalam proses penerima BLT. Diperlukan prediksi dalam proses perhitungan kriteria penerima BLT dengan menggunakkan teknik Data Mining yaitu Algoritma Naive Bayes untuk memberi pengetahuan serta membuat keputusan data kepada masyarakat sehingga dapat mengetahui layak atau tidak menerima BLT. Algoritma Naive Bayes ini akan di implementasikan ke sistem informasi menggunakkan bahasa pemrograman PHP. Pada penelitian digunakan metode CRISP-DM dalam pengembangan sistem, untuk pengujiannya menggunakan perhitungan manual  dan Rapidminer yaitu perhitungan manual data training sebanyak 282 data dan data testing  2 data metode Naive Bayes, pengujian dilakukan dengan perhitungan nilai Confussion Matrix dihasilkan Accuracy,Precision, dan Recall yaitu masing-masing 100%.. Data training sebanyak 197 dan data testing sebanyak 85 data dengan pengujian RapidMiner didapatkan hasil Performance nilai tingkat Accuracy sebesar 98,82% , Precision sebesar 100%, dan Recall sebesar 96,97%.
PEMBANGUNAN APLIKASI PENGGAJIAN DENGAN SISTEM SKALA TUNGGAL BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE EXTREME PROGRAMMING
Authors: Nur Fauziah  , Irsan Jaelani  , Minarto
Published: August 2023

Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Purwakarta merupakan Kementerian yang bertugas menyelenggarakan pemerintahan dalam bidang agama juga mempunyai tugas menyelenggarakan urusan di bidang ke agamaan dalam pemerintahan negara. Pada saat ini penggajian di Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Purwakarta sudah terkomputerisasi dengan menggunakan Microsoft Excell. Namun dalam pengolahan data menggunakan Microsoft Excel tersebut sering menyebabkan terjadinya risiko kesalahan dalam memasukkan rumus bisa berdampak pada data yang dihasilkan. Misalnya perhitungan menjadi tidak tepat atau data tidak dapat terbaca. Lalu jika terjadinya resiko kesalahan dalam menginput data sehingga terjadinya kesalahan berkas dokumen dan keterlambatan dalam menginformasikan slip gaji kepada para pegawai. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk membangun sebuah aplikasi penggajian di Kantor Kementerian Agama agar dapat mempermudah sebuah hal untuk membantu pekerjaan dalam membuat, mengubah, menyimpan, menyampaikan informasi dan menyebarluaskan informasi secara cepat dan berkualitas. Laporan ini dibuat menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem dengan menggunakan metode Exreme Programming dengan tahapan-tahapan yang akan dilewati yaitu : Perencanaan, Perancangan, Pengkodean dan Pengujian. Dengan menggunakan Bahasa pemrograman UML dan database MySQL. Hasil pembuatan aplikasi penggajian di Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Purwakarta dilengkapi berbagai fitur yang dapat diakses oleh dua aktor yakni admin dan pegawai.
Effect of Liquidity Risk on the Financial Performance of Quoted Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Agbonma Theresa UDENWA , SUBERU  , Adagu Abubakar , Zaccheaus JACOB
Published: August 2023

This study examines the effect of liquidity risk on the financial performance of quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria. The ratio of loans and advances to total assets and the ratio of loans and advances to total deposits were used to measure liquidity risk, while Return on Assets (ROA) was used to measure financial performance. Data were collected from the annual financial reports of each of the deposit money banks. The study utilized panel regression to analyse the data from a sample of eleven (11) quoted deposit money banks on the Nigerian Exchange Group from 2014- 2021. The results of the panel regression revealed that the loans and advances to total assets and loans and advances to deposit have a significant effect on the performance of the quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study recommends that quoted deposit money banks management should diversify their loan portfolio to reduce concentration risk. By diversifying the loan portfolio, banks can spread the risk and reduce the impact of defaults on their performance. The current loans to deposit of 65% ordered by the Central Bank of Nigeria should be sustained. However, bank management should manage their deposit growth to ensure that they have sufficient funds to support their loan and advance activities. This can be achieved by setting appropriate deposit rates.
Effect of Formal Financial Sector on Financial Deepening in Nigeria
Authors: Zaccheaus JACOB , NWALA  , Maurie Nneka , Abubakar Adagu SUBERU
Published: August 2023

This study examined the effect of the formal financial sector on financial deepening in Nigeria for the period 2012Q1 to 2022Q3. The specific objectives of the study were to investigate the effect of deposit money bank development on financial deepening in Nigeria; to assess the effect of the insurance industry development on financial deepening in Nigeria; to determine the effect of stock market development on financial deepening in Nigeria. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design from the quarterly time series data generated from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin on deposit money bank development, insurance industry development, stock market development, and financial deepening. The data were analysed using the Johansen co-integration test and Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares estimation. The findings showed that both deposit money bank development and insurance industry development have significant effects on financial deepening in Nigeria, but stock market development has an insignificant effect on financial deepening in Nigeria. It was recommended that Nigerian deposit money banks should employ strategies that will develop the industry, especially investing in technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI), such that most of its banking products and activities will be carried out seamlessly in the comfort of the customers. Furthermore, National Insurance Commission should create a regulatory framework that encourages the establishment of new insurance companies, promote transparency and accountability in the industry, and ensure that insurers have adequate capitalization. Finally, the Nigerian Exchange Group need to do more in getting companies listed.
The Influence of Self-leadership and Motivation on Employee Performance of the Directorate General of Taxes
Authors: Nurdiyanti Riesta Ajani , Ariyanto Eny
Published: August 2023

Research at the Directorate General of Taxes aimed to determine how self-leadership and motivation affect performance. This research design was associative causal. The number of samples taken was 394 people, and the determination of the number of samples using the Slovin formula and the simple random sampling method. Information was collected using a Google form questionnaire. The test analysis technique used was SEM-PLS. The test results showed that Self-Leadership and motivation positively and significantly affected employee performance. Self-Leadership had a positive and significant effect on motivation, Motivation mediated the relationship between self-leadership and performance.
Bipolar Bozukluğu Olan Hastalara Yapılan Stresle Başetme Eğitiminin Stres Belirtileri, Algılanan Stres Düzeyi ve Stresle Baş Etme Tarzlarına Etkisi
Authors: MERT Ayşe , KELLECİ Meral
Published: August 2023

Bu araştırma, bipolar bozukluk tanısı ile psikiyatri kliniğinde yatan hastalara verilen stresle baş etme eğitiminin stres belirtileri, başa çıkma tutumları ve algılanan stres düzeyi etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Araştırma ön test – son test, kontrol gruplu deneysel bir çalışmadır. Çalışmanın örneklemini bir üniversite hastanesi psikiyatri kliniğinde bipolar bozukluk tanısı ile takip edilen 60 hasta oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Stres Belirtileri Ölçeği (SBÖ), Başa Çıkma Tutumlarını Değerlendirme Ölçeği (COPE) ve Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (ASÖ) ile toplanmıştır. Deney grubuna üç oturumdan oluşan Stresle Baş etme Eğitim programı uygulanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde için student t testi, Varyans analizi ve ki kare testi kullanılmıştır.

Deney grubundaki bireylerin SBÖ toplam puan ortalaması uygulama öncesi 57,62±13,77 iken uygulama sonrası 37,14±5,91 olmuştur ve aradaki fark anlamlıdır (p
Intermediate Filaments, P53 Gene, Cellular Proliferation, Metastasis and Apoptosis in Feline Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Authors: KARAKURT Emin , DAĞ Serpil , AKSOY Özgür , BEYTUT Enver , ERMUTLU Celal Şahin , YILDIZ Ayfer , YILDIZ Uğur , TANRIVERDİ Ersin , KOÇ Hüseyin , TURAN Mehmet
Published: August 2023

In this study, intermediate filaments, Pan Cytokeratin (Pan CK), Vimentin, Desmin and S-100 were evaluated to reveal the cellular origin of feline SCCs. Alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin (α-SMA) for cancer-related fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment, and p53, a tumor suppressor gene, were investigated. Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) expression was evaluated for the cell proliferation index. Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) immunoreactivity was evaluated for the metastasis and invasion capacity. In addition, it is aimed to reveal the expressions of proapoptotic Bax gene, antiapoptotic Bcl-2 gene, caspase-dependent pathway Caspase-3 and caspase-independent pathway Apoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF) for apoptosis mechanism. Biopsy samples taken from 7 cats brought to Department of Pathology for routine histopathological examination were used in this study. Tumor tissue samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution. Serial sections of 5 μm thickness were taken from the paraffin blocks prepared after routine tissue follow-up procedures. Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining was performed on the sections. Avidin-Biotin Peroxidase-Technique (ABC) was used as immunohistochemical staining. It was determined that the tumors had epithelial-mesenchymal transition, exhibited a very high proliferation index, had p53 mutation, and showed low metastasis/high invasion capacity. It was revealed that Bax/Bcl-2 ratio increased in favor of proapoptotic Bax, and caspase-independent apoptosis was more dominant than caspase-dependent apoptosis.
Evaluation of Government Programs in Mitigating Drug and Substance Abuse in Kilifi and Mombasa Counties, Kenya
Authors: Sospeter Nelson Marwa , Onkware Kennedy
Published: August 2023

The issue of drug and substance abuse has become a major concern in Kenya, particularly in the coastal region. In response, the government has implemented various programs to mitigate the problem. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the government's programs for mitigating drug and substance abuse in the Kilifi and Mombasa counties of the coastal region of Kenya. Social learning theory and functionalism theory served as the study's guiding principles. The study was further underpinned by the interpretivism approach. The study used descriptive and evaluative research designs, with data collected through interviews and focus group discussions. The study was conducted in Kilifi and Mombasa Counties. Data was collected from 552 respondents, who included 384 household heads, 20 victims, 2 county education officers, 2 county commissioners, 2 county health officers, 70 administrative chiefs, 102 village elders, 9 senior NACADA officers, and 8 religious leaders. The data collected included the existing programs that are directly or indirectly implemented by the government, as well as their impacts on the residents of the study area. Government programs in the study region focused on prevention, treatment, law enforcement, and harm reduction, proving effective to varying degrees. The study revealed that law enforcement programs were more effective than the others. The study recommended the re-evaluation of these programs, including reinforcing their weaknesses and conducting constant evaluations to maximize the strengths of the organizations.
Evaluation of surface shortwave downward radiation forecasts by the numerical weather prediction model AROME
Authors: Magnaldo Marie-Adèle , Libois Quentin , Riette Sébastien , Lac Christine
Published: August 2023

Abstract. With the worlwide development of the solar energy sector, the need for reliable surface shortwave downward radiation (SWD) forecasts has significantly increased in recent years. SWD forecasts of a few hours to a few days based on numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are essential to facilitate the incorporation of solar energy into the electric grid and ensure network stability. However, errors in NWP models can be substantial. In order to characterize in detail the performances of AROME, the operational NWP model of the French weather service Météo-France, a full year of hourly AROME forecasts is compared to corresponding in situ SWD measurements from 168 high-quality pyranometers covering France. In addition, to classify cloud scenes at high temporal frequency and over the whole territory, cloud products derived from the Satellite Application Facility for Nowcasting and Very Short Range Forecasting (SAF NWC) from geostationary satellites are also used. The 2020 bias is 18 W m-2 and the root-mean-square-error is 98 W m-2. The situations that contribute the most to the bias correspond to cloudy skies in the model and in the observations, situations that are very frequent (66 %) and characterized by an annual bias of 24 W m-2. Part of this positive bias probably comes from an underestimation of cloud fraction in AROME, although this is not fully addressed in this study due to lack of consistent observations at kilometer resolution. The other situations have less impact on SWD errors. Missed cloudy situations and erroneously predicted clouds, which correspond on average to clouds with a low impact on the SWD, also have low occurrence (4 % and 11 %). Likewise, well-predicted clear sky conditions are characterized by a low bias (3 W m-2). When limited to overcast situations in the model, the bias in cloudy skies is small (198 W m-2) but results from large compensating errors. Indeed, further investigations show that high clouds are systematically associated with a SWD positive bias while low clouds are associated with a negative bias. This detailed analysis shows that the errors result from a combination of incorrect cloud optical properties and cloud fraction errors, highlighting the need for a more detailed evaluation of cloud properties. This study also provides valuable insights into the potential improvement of AROME physical parametrization.
Observations and modeling of areal surface albedo and surface types in the Arctic
Authors: Jäkel Evelyn , Becker Sebastian , Sperzel Tim R. , Niehaus Hannah , Spreen Gunnar , Tao Ran , Nicolaus Marcel , Dorn Wolfgang , Rinke Annette , Brauchle Jörg , Wendisch Manfred
Published: August 2023

Abstract. An accurate representation of the annual evolution of surface albedo, especially during the melting period, is crucial to obtain reliable climate model predictions. Therefore, the output of the surface albedo scheme of the coupled regional climate model HIRHAM–NAOSIM was evaluated against airborne and ground-based measurements. The observations were conducted during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition in 2020 and during five aircraft campaigns in the European Arctic at different seasons between 2017 and 2022. We applied two approaches to the comparison, one relying on measured input parameters of surface type fraction and surface skin temperature (offline evaluation), the other using HIRHAM-NAOSIM simulations independently of our observational data (online evaluation). From the offline evaluation we found a seasonal-dependent bias between measured and modeled surface albedo for cloudless and cloudy situations. In spring, the cloud effect on surface broadband albedo was overestimated by the surface albedo parametrization (mean albedo bias of 0.06), while the surface albedo scheme for cloudless cases reproduced the measured surface albedo distributions for all seasons. The online evaluation showed that the overestimation of the modeled surface albedo may result from the overestimation of the modeled cloud cover. It was further shown that the surface type parametrization contributes significantly to the bias in albedo, especially in summer (drainage of melt ponds) and autumn (onset of refreezing). The difference of modeled and measured net irradiance for selected flights during the five flight campaigns was derived to estimate the impact of the model bias for the solar radiative energy budget. We revealed a negative bias between modeled and measured net irradiance (bias median: -6.4 W m−2) for optically thin clouds, while the median value of only 0.1 W m−2 was determined for optically thicker clouds.
Analysis of cloud fraction adjustment to aerosols and its dependence on meteorological controls using explainable machine learning
Authors: Jia Yichen , Andersen Hendrik , Cermak Jan
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Aerosol-cloud interactions (ACI) have a pronounced influence on the Earth’s radiation budget but continue to pose one of the most substantial uncertainties in the climate system. Marine boundary-layer clouds (MBLCs) are particularly important since they cover a large portion of the Earth’s surface. One of the biggest challenges in quantifying ACI from observations lies in isolating adjustments of cloud fraction (CLF) to aerosol perturbations from the covariability and influence of the local meteorological conditions. In this study, this isolation is attempted using nine years (2011–2019) of near-global daily satellite cloud products in combination with reanalysis data of meteorological parameters. With cloud-droplet number concentration (Nd) as a proxy for aerosol, MBLC CLF is predicted by region-specific gradient boosting machine learning models. By means of SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) regression values, CLF sensitivity to Nd and meteorological factors as well as meteorological influences on the Nd–CLF sensitivity are quantified. The regional ML models are able to capture on average 45 % of the CLF variability. Global patterns of CLF sensitivity show that CLF is positively associated with Nd, in particular in the stratocumulus-to-cumulus transition regions and in the Southern Ocean. CLF sensitivity to estimated inversion strength (EIS) is ubiquitously positive and strongest in tropical and subtropical regions topped by stratocumulus and within the midlatitudes. Globally, increased sea surface temperature (SST) reduces CLF, particularly in stratocumulus regions. The spatial patterns of CLF sensitivity to horizontal wind components in the free troposphere point to the impact of synoptic-scale weather systems and vertical wind shear on MBLCs. The Nd–CLF relationship is found to depend more on the selected thermodynamical variables than dynamical variables, and in particular on EIS and SST. In the midlatitudes, a stronger inversion is found to amplify the Nd–CLF relationship, while this is not observed in the stratocumulus regions. In the stratocumulus-to-cumulus transition regions, the Nd–CLF sensitivity is found to be amplified by higher SSTs, potentially pointing to Nd more frequently delaying this transition in these conditions. The expected climatic changes of EIS and SST may thus influence future forcings from ACIs. The near-global ML framework introduced in this study produces a better quantification of the response of MBLC CLF to aerosols taking into account the covariations with meteorology.
Mapping of sea ice concentration using the NASA NIMBUS 5 ESMR microwave radiometer data 1972–1977
Authors: Kolbe Wiebke Margitta , Tonboe Rasmus Tage , Stroeve Julienne
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The Electrically Scanning Microwave Radiometer (ESMR) instrument on board the NIMBUS 5 satellite was a one channel microwave radiometer measuring the 19.35 GHz horizontally polarised brightness temperature (TB) from Dec. 11, 1972 to May. 16. 1977. The original tape archive data in swath projection have recently been made available online by NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC). Even though ESMR was a predecessor of modern multi frequency radiometers, there are still parts of modern processing methodology which can be applied to the data to derive the sea ice extent globally. Here we have reprocessed the entire data set using a modern processing methodology, that includes implementation of pre-processing filtering, dynamical tie-points, and a radiative transfer model (RTM) together with numerical weather prediction (NWP) for atmospheric correction. We present the one channel sea ice concentration (SIC) algorithm and the model for computing temporally and spatially varying SIC uncertainty estimates. Post-processing steps include re-sampling to daily grids, land-spill-over correction, application of climatological masks, setting of processing flags and estimation of sea ice extent, monthly means and estimation of trends. This sea ice dataset derived from NIMBUS 5 ESMR extends the sea ice record with an important reference from the mid 1970s. To make a consistent analysis of the sea ice development through time easier, the same grid and landmask as for EUMETSAT's OSI-SAF SMMR based sea ice CDR have been used for our ESMR dataset. SIC uncertainties have been included for further ease of comparison to other datasets and time periods. We find that our sea ice extent in the Arctic and Antarctic in the 1970s is generally higher than those available from the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) derived from the same ESMR dataset, with mean differences of 240.000 and 590.000 km2, respectively. The largest differences reach up to 2 million km2, when comparing monthly sea ice extents. Such large differences cannot be explained by the different grids and landmasks of the datasets alone, and must therefore also result from the difference in data filtering and algorithms, such as the dynamical tie-points and atmospheric correction. The new ESMR SIC data set has been released as part of the ESA Climate Change Initiative Programme (ESA CCI) and is publicly available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.5285/34a15b96f1134d9e95b9e486d74e49cf (Tonboe et al., 2023).
Spatial variability of the modern radiocarbon reservoir effect in the high-altitude lake Laguna del Peinado (southern Puna Plateau, Argentina)
Authors: Vignoni Paula A. , Córdoba Francisco E. , Tjallingii Rik , Santamans Carla , Lupo Liliana C. , Brauer Achim
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The high-altitude lakes of the Altiplano–Puna Plateau in the Central Andes commonly have large radiocarbon reservoir effects. This, combined with the general scarcity of terrestrial organic matter, makes obtaining a reliable and accurate chronological model based on radiocarbon ages a challenge. As a result, age–depth models based on radiocarbon dating are often constructed by correcting for the modern reservoir effect, but commonly without consideration of spatial and possible temporal variations of reservoir ages within the lake and across the basin. In order to get a better constraint on the spatial variability of the radiocarbon reservoir effects, we analyse 14C ages of modern terrestrial and aquatic plants from the El Peinado basin in the southern Puna Plateau, which hosts Laguna del Peinado fed by hydrothermal springs. The oldest
14C ages of modern samples (> 18 000 and > 26 000 BP) were found in hot springs discharging into the lake, likely resulting from the input of 14C-depleted carbon from old groundwater and 14C-free magmatic CO2. In the littoral and central part of Laguna del Peinado, 14C ages of modern samples were several thousand years younger (> 13 000 and > 12 000 BP) compared to the inflowing waters as a result of CO2 exchange with the atmosphere. Altogether, our findings reveal a spatial variability of up to 14 000
14C years of the modern reservoir effect between the hot springs and
the northern part of the Peinado lake basin. Temporal changes of reservoir
effects in sediment records are more difficult to quantify, but 14C ages from a short core from Laguna del Peinado may suggest temporal reservoir age variations of a few thousand years. This study has implications for accurate 14C-based chronologies for palaeoclimate studies in the Altiplano–Puna Plateau and similar settings. Our results highlight the need to consider spatial and likely also temporal variations in the reservoir effects when constructing age–depth models.
3D geological modelling of igneous intrusions in LoopStructural v1.5.10
Authors: Alvarado-Neves Fernanda , Ailleres Laurent , Grose Lachlan , Cruden Alexander R. , Armit Robin
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Over the last two decades, there have been significant advances to improve the 3D modelling of geological structures by incorporating geological knowledge into the model algorithms. These methods take advantage of different structural data types and do not require manual processing, making them robust and objective. Igneous intrusions have received little attention in 3D modelling workflows, and there is no current method that ensures the reproduction of intrusion shapes comparable to those mapped in the field or in geophysical imagery. Intrusions are usually partly or totally covered, making the generation of realistic 3D models challenging without the modeller's intervention. In this contribution, we present a method to 3D model igneous intrusions considering geometric constraints consistent with emplacement mechanisms. Contact data and inflation and propagation direction are used to constrain the geometry of the intrusion. Conceptual models of the intrusion contact are fitted to the data, providing a characterisation of the intrusion thickness and width. The method is tested in synthetic and real-world case studies and the results indicate that the method can reproduce expected geometries without manual processing and with restricted datasets. A comparison with Radial Basis Function (RBF) interpolation shows that our method can better reproduce complex geometries such as saucer-shaped sill complexes.
Glaciers determine the sensitivity of hydrological processes to perturbed climate in a large mountainous basin on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Nan Yi , Tian Fuqiang
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The major rivers on the Tibetan Plateau supply important freshwater resources to riparian regions, but are undergoing significant climate change in recent decades. Understanding the sensitivities of hydrological processes to climate change is important for water resource management, but large divergences existed in previous studies because of the uncertainties of hydrological models and climate projection data. Meanwhile, the spatial pattern of local hydrological sensitivities was poorly explored despite the strong heterogeneity on the Tibetan Plateau. This study adopted the climate perturbation method to analyze the hydrological sensitivities of a typical large mountainous basin (Yarlung Tsangpo River, YTR) to climate change. We utilized the tracer-aided hydrological model Tsinghua Representative Elementary Watershed-Tracer-aided version (THREW-T) to simulate the hydrological and cryospheric processes in the YTR basin. Datasets of multiple objectives and internal stations were used to validate the model, to provide confidence to the baseline simulation and the sensitivity analysis. Results indicated that: (1) The THREW-T model performed well on simulating the streamflow, snow cover area (SCA), glacier mass balance (GMB), and stream water isotope, ensuring good representation of the key cryospheric processes and a reasonable estimation of runoff components. The model performed acceptably on simulating the streamflow at eight internal stations located in the mainstream and two major tributaries, indicating that the spatial pattern of hydrological processes was reflected by the model. (2) Increasing temperature led to decreasing annual runoff, smaller inter-annual variation, more even intra-annual distribution, and an earlier maximum runoff. It also influenced the runoff regime by increasing the contributions of rainfall and glacier melt overland runoff, but decreasing the subsurface runoff and snowmelt overland runoff. Increasing precipitation had the opposite effect to increasing temperature. (3) The local runoff change in response to increasing temperature varied significantly, with changing rate of -18.6 % to 54.3 % for 5 °C of warming. The glacier area ratio (GAR) was the dominant factor of the spatial pattern of hydrological sensitivities to both perturbed temperature and precipitation. Some regions had a non-monotonic runoff change rate in response to increasing temperature, the GAR and mean annual precipitation (MAP) of which showed linear relation, and formed the boundary of regions with different trends in response to climate warming in the GAR-MAP plot.
Investigating spatiotemporal trends of large wildfires in
California (1950–2020)
Authors: Ostertag Sarah , Rice Matthew , Qu John J.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. A database capturing large wildfire perimeters (> 1,000 acres / 405 hectares; n=2,857) in the state of California in the United States was used to document trends in fire occurrence (as frequency of large wildfires per year) and fire severity (using total burned area as a proxy) per ecoregion for the study period 1950–2020. Approximately 20.67% of the total area of California has been burned by large wildfires during the study period; of this, approximately 8.01% of the total area of California has been burned repeatedly. Large wildfires are becoming more severe in the state of California, burning an average of 5,068 additional acres (2,051 additional hectares) of land each year, however large wildfires are not occurring more frequently across the entire state as originally postulated. Rather, certain ecoregions, particularly mountainous regions with coniferous forests, exhibit statistically significant increasing trends in both large wildfire severity and occurrence compared to other regions of the state, likely contributing to the sentiment that wildfires are becoming worse in the state overall. As conditions relating to climate change, extreme weather events, invasive species, population distribution, and fire management decisions continue to change, the impacts of larger, more frequent fires will likely be felt more broadly across the state of California.
Assessing completeness of global airport data in OSM
Authors: Chen Yijun , Wei Zheng , Zhou Qi
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Airports are not only important infrastructure for both civil and military use but also have significant impacts on socio-economic development and the built-up environment. OpenStreetMap (OSM) can be an essential data source for acquiring various airport elements, but few studies have investigated data quality. To fill this gap, this study aims to assess the quality (especially completeness) of airport data in OSM by comparing it with locations of airports acquired from the OurAirports platform. More precisely, the three different types (large, medium, and small) and the four different elements (runway, taxiway, apron, and terminal) of airports are assessed for over 40,000 airports worldwide. Results show that completeness varies depending on types, elements, and geographical regions. Specifically, 1) almost all large airports are complete; most medium airports are also complete; but most small airports are not complete. 2) The runway element is much more complete than the terminal element. 3) In most cases, completeness is relatively high in India, China, and Northern Africa but relatively low in Canada, the United States, Russia, and Australia, where the total number of airports is much larger. We conclude that most large and medium airports in OSM have been mapped well. The reasons for incomplete airport data in OSM and potential applications of OSM airport data are also discussed.
A few thoughts on the integrated space-air-ground emergency rescue communication command in China
Authors: Liu Jiping , Wang Yong , Xu Shenghua , Che Xianghong , Konecny Milan
Published: August 2023

Abstract. With the rapid development of remote sensing, geographic information (GI), artificial intelligence (AI) and other technologies, China is continuously strengthening emergency rescue innovation and numerous breakthroughs related to emergency rescue technologies and equipment which have been made through the National Key Research and Development Program. This paper first proposed and illustrated the concept, connotation and characteristics of integrated space-air-ground emergency rescue communication command from the perspective of mapping and geographic information, and then analysed the challenges faced by the integrated space-air-ground emergency rescue communication command in China. Subsequently, a space-air-ground emergency rescue command theoretical system is introduced by combining broadband emergency communication, accurate acquisition of real-time disaster information, disaster situation and scenario projection, emergency communication command services, and resilient emergency rescue command. The proposed integrated space-air-ground emergency communication and command design concept will be applied for China's disaster emergency rescue and command in the future to comprehensively improve the emergency rescue communication and command capability in China.
Leveraging map use context for advancing cartography in the 21st century
Authors: Bartling Mona , Reichenbacher Tumasch , Fabrikant Sara I.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Mobile maps are an integral part of our daily routines, serving a variety of purposes in different environments. Designing maps for different use situations is essential for a user-centered and context-aware approach. Previous research has explored map use context and context-aware mobile maps from interdisciplinary perspectives. This paper aims to consolidate and unify existing research on context in cartography and related fields, identify current challenges, and propose ways to advance context-awareness for designing mobile maps. We present a map use context taxonomy that provides an overview of context elements, possible context-sensing methods, and corresponding application fields. We invite the cartographic community to expand on our proposed context taxonomy and explore the extensive field of context acquisition methods, applications, and related literature for advancing research on map use context.
Building the case for a bottom-up approach to SDI
stakeholder collaboration – experiences from South Africa
Authors: Siebritz Lindy-Anne , Coetzee Serena
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Inclusive governance remains a challenge for the South African Spatial Data Infrastructure (SASDI). This is evidenced through the limited participation of sub-national government in SASDI and the challenges they experience with access to fundamental geospatial data. The purpose of this paper is to make recommendations for enhancing the role of sub-national government and other users in SASDI. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with representatives from municipalities and the municipal land use application process was used as a case study. The interviews confirmed that municipalities are striving to operate efficiently, but that limited access to fundamental geospatial data constrains them. Based on the results, it is recommended that access to geospatial data be improved through an integrated approach to stakeholder collaboration, coordinated by the SASDI. Such collaboration would proactively pursue inclusive governance and could significantly improve access to fundamental geospatial datasets.
The rising role of drones in the training of cartographers at Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)
Authors: Vörös Fanni , Kovács Béla , Zentai László
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The achievements of the technical boom of the recent past will inevitably appear in the world of cartography and geoinformatics. One of these relatively new and increasingly popular technologies is drones (UAVs). This article serves a dual purpose: first, it presents the courses offering practical training at ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest (Hungary) for several decades and lists the tools used in them; second, it shows how information about drone recording can be integrated into which courses. The article also discusses how difficult it is to implement this in university education in Hungary under the current legal conditions, and what obstacles teachers encounter.
Comparison of different rheological approaches and flow direction algorithms in a physically based debris flow model for data scarce regions
Authors: Paul Leonardo Rodolfo , Michel Gean Paulo , Schwarz Heron , Abatti Bruno Henrique , Guerra Salvador Clarissa
Published: August 2023

Abstract. A debris flow simulation model was proposed for data-scarce regions. The model couples a one-dimensional explicit solution for a monophasic sediment-water mixture with flow direction algorithms for debris flow routing. We investigate the effects of different multiple flow direction algorithms (D8, D∞, and Freeman’s Multiple Flow Direction (MFD)) and multiple rheology approaches (Newtonian, Bingham, Herschel-Bulkley, and dilatant) for the one-dimensional flow on the debris flow simulations. The model was tested by simulating debris flows triggered by an extreme rainfall in the Mascarada river basin in southern Brazil. We conducted two separate sets of simulations: one focused on the effects of flow directions, considering multiple DEM resolutions, and another to compare rheology approaches. A third simulation was conducted for multiple debris flows concurrently, utilizing optimal parameters derived from the results of the two simulation sets. D8 proved to be unsuitable for debris flow routing, whereas MFD performed better for high-resolution DEM (1 m pixel size) and D∞ for coarser resolutions (2.5, 5, and 10 m). In terms of affected area, the difference between the rheology approaches was less impactful than the difference between flow direction algorithms. The lack of velocity estimates and deposition depths for the simulated debris flow hindered a detailed comparison of which rheology had a more accurate result. Nevertheless, we found MFD and dilatant fluid to perform slightly better and utilize the optimal parameters to simulate three other debris flows, reaching true positive ratios of 58 % up to 83 %.
Quantum Data Assimilation: A New Approach to Solve Data Assimilation on Quantum Annealers
Authors: Kotsuki Shunji , Kawasaki Fumitoshi , Ohashi Masanao
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Data assimilation is a crucial component in the Earth science field, enabling the integration of observation data with numerical models. In the context of numerical weather prediction (NWP), data assimilation is particularly vital for improving initial conditions and subsequent predictions. However, the computational demands imposed by conventional approaches, which employ iterative processes to minimize cost functions, pose notable challenges in computational time. The emergence of quantum computing provides promising opportunities to address these computation challenges by harnessing the inherent parallelism and optimization capabilities of quantum annealing machines. In this investigation, we propose a novel approach termed quantum data assimilation, which solves data assimilation problem on quantum annealers. Our data assimilation experiments using the 40-variable Lorenz model were highly promising, showing that the quantum annealers produced analysis with comparable accuracy to conventional data assimilation approaches. In particular, the D-Wave System’s physical quantum annealing machine achieved a great reduction in execution time.
Uncertainty quantification of structural blade parameters for the aeroelastic damping of wind turbines: a code-to-code comparison
Authors: Verdonck Hendrik , Hach Oliver , Polman Jelmer D. , Braun Otto , Balzani Claudio , Müller Sarah , Rieke Johannes
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is a well-established category of methods to estimate the effect of parameter variations on a quantity of interest, based on a solid mathematical fundament. In the wind energy field most UQ studies were focused on the sensitivity of turbine loads. This article presents a framework, wrapped around a modern Python UQ library, to analyze the impact of uncertain turbine properties on aeroelastic stability. The UQ methodology applies a polynomial chaos expansion surrogate model to increase the numerical efficiency. A comparison is made between different wind turbine simulation tools on the engineering model level (alaska/Wind, Bladed, HAWC2/HAWCStab2 and Simpack). Two case studies are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method to analyze the sensitivity of the aeroelastic damping of an unstable turbine mode to variations of structural blade cross section parameters. The code-to-code comparison shows a good agreement between the simulation tools for the reference model, but also significant differences in the sensitivities.