bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El cuerpo como inagotable reservorio del pensar, sentir, decir, hacer
Authors: Ramírez Velázquez Josefina
Published: April 2020

La Revista Corpo-grafías como publicación de la Facultad de Artes ASAB, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, (BogotáColombia), a cargo de la Línea de investigación en Estudios Críticos de las Corporeidades, las Sensibilidades y las Performatividades, acordó disponer el presente número para registrar algunas reflexiones y artículos de investigación que formaron parte del III Encuentro Latinoamericano de Investigadores sobre Cuerpos y Corporalidades en las Culturas titulado “Escrituras, lecturas e interpretaciones de cuerpos y corporalidades entre la ciencia y el arte”, que se llevó a cabo en noviembre del 2018 en la Ciudad de México.
La construcción espacial del sujeto indómito
Authors: Rojas Herra Luis Alonso
Published: April 2020

Reconocer desde la disciplina de la arquitectura y el urbanismo que existe una diversidad de cuerpos invisibles con utilidades muy distintas entre ellos, lo cual genera una diversidad de formas de significación o apropiación del espacio público urbano, todas estas formas de significación son igual de complejas y estructuradas que las formales. En términos académicos, analizar y valorar estos procesos de producción, reproducción y construcción espacial de estos grupos y sujetos invisibles facilitan el entendimiento de la cuidad y permiten visibilizar como estas formas de construcción espacial están vinculadas a la configuración de las ciudades y territorios. Y evidenciar como de diversas maneras se niega la existencia de estos cuerpos constantemente quedando excluidos de las políticas públicas urbanas y negando su derecho a la ciudad. Esta propuesta surge del interés de construir una metodología académica que permita incluir la opinión de estos cuerpos disidentes sobre la ciudad que habitan.
Contornos y límites corporales del hombre medio en México
Authors: Enríquez Gutiérrez Gustavo Adolfo , Cruz Cruz Johan Cristian
Published: April 2020

Durante los años de 1930 a 1960, en México, se articuló un discurso que buscó establecer un proyecto renovador a través del “hombre medio”, elemento clave para entender los valores e ideales de un hombre nuevo, pugnando por la raza cósmica de José Vasconcelos. El proyecto del hombre medio fue diseñado por el médico e investigador José Gómez-Robleda a través de la biotipología. Esta ciencia clasificó a los individuos de acuerdo con su constitución: biológica y psicológica. A partir de la identificación de estos rasgos corporales, el Estado mexicano puso en práctica otros proyectos sociales con la finalidad de mejorar la raza e implementar prácticas eugenésicas.
Vivencias poéticas del cuerpo: intervención artística con personas en situación de calle en Belém/PA, Brasil
Authors: López Olivares Aide Esmeralda , Schalken de Andrade Lorena , Gonçalves Pimentel Adelma do Socorro
Published: April 2020

El artículo expone una comprensión de las vivencias de procesos corporales conscientes de personas que debido a la condición social, psicológica y económica hacen de la calle su vivienda. Para captar los significados y sentidos de las vivencias, utilizamos recursos artísticos como mediadores de la expresividad y manifestación de la subjetividad. El trabajo contiene un diseño orientado por un enfoque cualitativo exploratorio, transdisciplinar, cruzando las fronteras del arte, la antropología y la psicología. La investigación se realizó en el 2016, en el Centro de Referência Especializado para População em Situação de Rua (Centro POP), teniendo como objetivo comprender de qué manera las prácticas artísticas afectaban a las personas que asistían al Centro. En la intervención participaron de 10 a 15 personas, en su mayoría hombres entre 20 y 55 años. Sobre los resultados obtenidos se observó una movilidad en el estado de ánimo de los participantes manifestando relajación, calma y alegría
Pasajes del NiUnaMenos. De la Soledad a la Masa
Authors: Citro Silvia , Pinsky Cinthya , Podhajcer Adil , Do  Brito Carina , Rivero Tamia , Batalla Salvador , Ranzoni Sergio , Podestá Andrea
Published: April 2020

El Equipo de Antropología del Cuerpo y la Performance (www.antropologiadelcuerpo.com) de la UBA se crea en el año 2004, conformado por docentes e investigadores provenientes de la Antropología y las Artes. Con la coordinación general de la Dra. Silvia Citro, desarrollamos diversos proyectos de investigación y publicaciones, así como performances y producciones visuales y audiovisuales, que buscan articular el saber-hacer artístico con el de las disciplinas humanísticas y sociales.
Cuerpos envejecidos en corporalidades rarámuri. Entre la cotidianidad y la exclusión social de un grupo étnico del norte de México
Authors: Vázquez Vega Laura
Published: April 2020

Avance de investigación inicial sobre los saberes, creencias, recodificaciones y resignificaciones de cómo se percibe, vive y transita hacia el envejecimiento rarámuri en términos de salud, enfermedad y atención, considerando las desventajas acumuladas debajo de la piel, desde un enfoque intercultural que considere las narrativas, actitudes, prácticas y comportamientos entre géneros y generaciones en Munérachi, municipio de Batopilas, Chihuahua.
Gardenia Magique
Authors: Magique Gardenia
Published: April 2020

No recuerdo cuántos años tenía cuando comencé a dibuar, pero lo que sí sé es que es uno de mis pasatiempos favoritos además de escribir y leer. Antes dibujaba con rasgos simples o sencillamente estereotipos; dibujaba principalmente humanos o hadas, o incluso sirenas. Luego, cuando descubrí el manga, comencé a dibujar un poco; luego, cada vez más hasta que finalmente este tipo de dibujo se convirtió en mi nuevo estilo. Gardenia
Relatos biográficos y experiencias encarnadas en ciclistas profesionales colombianos: tránsitos y posibilidades
Authors: Anzola Moreno Javier , Robayo Torres Aydee
Published: April 2020

En los paradigmas del deporte, el cambio en la noción del cuerpo máquina a la corporeidad del deportista, evidencia la necesidad de abordar al sujeto deportista desde la dimensión subjetiva e intersubjetiva, valorando significados y sentidos de su práctica deportiva a partir del cuerpo vivido en relatos biográficos, que encarnan los desgastes y potencialidades de la categoría de cuerpo-ciclista. El presente artículo muestra los tránsitos y posibilidades de las narrativas de la corporeidad en el ciclismo, comunicando al mundo la necesidad de ser reconocidos como humanos, no como máquinas. Al comprender esta realidad, el diálogo del cuerpo con el entorno a través del dispositivo subjetivado (la bicicleta), permite reconocer las funciones cognitiva, práctica e identitaria de estas narraciones, tanto en el ciclista que narra, como en quien investiga. Es habitar la palabra, en este caso: pedaleada, es decir, incorporada y significada.
Presentación
Authors: Castillo Ballén Sonia
Published: April 2020

Los artículos que conforman este número de la Revista Corpo-grafías, reúne voces diversas de investigadrxs, artistas, activistas, así como de voceros de comunidades de Latinoamérica y del mundo, respecto del “cuerpo” en tanto experiencia vital de las gentes, problema de las ciencias, así como motivos de creación, de entrenamiento y de representación tanto en las artes como en las culturas. Lo que dicen estas voces desde sus lugares plurales de enunciación, indaga en las maneras como las personas y los pueblos viven y resisten, como sobreviven y re-existen mientras con esto, re-crean en el día a día, los modos humanos como hacemos la vida. Es decir, los modos del vivir en tanto las maneras de poner en acción la praxis misma de la condición de la existencia, tanto personal como colectiva. Esta condición de la existencia es de modo primigenio, condición corporal, dado que es en la existencia o no existencia de la manifestación corporal que lo vivo es en tanto existe.
El cuerpo silenciado: Reflexiones en torno a la experiencia de personas con cáncer terminal y sus metáforas
Authors: Loza Taylor Tomas , Ramírez Velázquez Josefina
Published: April 2020

Este trabajo muestra avances de una investigación en curso sobre el desarrollo de cáncer terminal en personas que asisten a un hospital público, en la Ciudad de México. El interés de la investigación se fundamenta en que la experiencia de tener cáncer terminal rebasa las fronteras de la enfermedad biológica, abriendo los horizontes de la comprensión hacia los procesos socioculturales donde se construyen el cuerpo y las enfermedades. En estos procesos se materializan diversas metáforas, imaginarios, narrativas y performances que influyen en el significado social del cuerpo y las enfermedades. Al considerar la metáfora del cuerpo silenciado, buscaremos responder la siguiente pregunta ¿Cómo se transforma el campo perceptivo de la experiencia ante una enfermedad silenciada como el cáncer? A través de la articulación de las teorías de la performatividad de Judith Butler, esquema corporal de Bourdieu y sufrimiento social de Kleinman/ Veena Das, nos proponemos describir y analizar el silencio al que recurren las personas afectadas ante procesos socioculturales tan abrumadores como el cáncer terminal. La metodología de esta investigación se basa en una etnografía performativa que considera las narrativas de las personas con cáncer terminal como herramientas heurísticas, que buscan la emergencia de sentido para comprender el significado social de estar enfermo.
Cuerpos asimétricos en movimiento
Authors: Hoyos Quintero Ángela María
Published: April 2020

La participación del área de la salud, en los proyectos de investigación del colectivo Voces del Cuerpo, se orienta tras una necesidad latente. Objetivo: indagar nuevas formas de concebir y abordar al artista corporal desde el punto de vista de la relación cuerpo-salud redundando positivamente en el resultado artístico. Metodología: el proceso se realizó en 5 etapas: observación, valoraciones individuales, aplicación de cuestionarios, discusiones grupales y análisis de los resultados. Resultados: más del 80% de los performer presentaban asimetría corporal inicial, observando pocas diferencias post-intervención (33.33%), esto aumenta el riesgo de presentar lesiones y deformidades, pero es potencializado por los performeren la construcción del personaje. Respecto a la calidad de vida, el factor que genera mayor efecto es la inestabilidad económica. Conclusiones: El análisis de la simetría corporal permitió construir una base para la orientación del trabajo corporal del colectivo y la mejora de la conciencia corporal.
Skeletal Health and Associated Injury Risk in Collegiate Female Rowers
Authors: Baker Breanne S. , Buchanan Samuel R. , Bemben Debra A.
Published: April 2020

Baker, BS, Buchanan, SR, and Bemben, DA. Skeletal health and associated injury risk in collegiate female rowers. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 1125–1133, 2022—Rowing has been associated with low bone mass and stress fractures. The aim of this study was to compare bone density, geometry, and skeletal asymmetries between competitive female rowers and matched controls and within rowers based on reported injury status, allowing for the calculation of practical injury risk prediction equations. Rowers (n = 24) and controls (n = 24) completed total body, lumbar spine, and and dual femur and radii dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography scans. One-way analyses of covariance were performed between rowers and controls, and one-way analyses of variance were performed between rowers based on reported rib injury status (injured [n = 11]; injury-free [n = 13]). Logistic regression was used to create prediction models of rowers' injury status. Significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Rowers were taller, had greater lean mass, less fat mass, and mostly equivalent skeletal measures compared to controls, which were within normal ranges (p < 0.048). Injury-free rowers consumed over 500 mg·d−1 more calcium and were less symmetrical at the 4% tibiae and hips (p < 0.015). The strongest predictive regression model of reported rib injury in rowers comprised calcium intake and the symmetry index of hip strength index (R
2 = 0.833; p < 0.001). A more practical model including daily calcium intake and total bone specific physical activity (PA) scores can be used to correctly predict injury status 75% of the time (R
2 = 0.750; p = 0.022). This is the first study to provide practitioners an injury prediction model for competitive rowers, reiterating the importance of proper nutrition and auxiliary PA focusing on balanced movement patterns.
Soccer-Specific Agility: Reliability of a Newly Developed Test and Correlates of Performance
Authors: Altmann Stefan , Neumann Rainer , Ringhof Steffen , Rumpf Michael C. , Woll Alexander
Published: April 2020

Altmann, S, Neumann, R, Ringhof, S, Rumpf, MC, and Woll, A. Soccer-specific agility: reliability of a newly developed test and correlates of rerformance. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1410–1416, 2022—The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of a newly developed soccer-specific agility test and to determine the correlation of different performance parameters with overall agility performance as measured by the total time. Twenty-two amateur soccer players (age, 25.1 ± 4.0 years) completed a newly developed agility test on 2 separate occasions. The test required the players to conduct 2 changes of direction, one in a preplanned manner and one in response to a stimulus that was provided by a live tester who performed different soccer-specific passing movements. Regarding reliability, very large Pearson's r and intraclass correlation coefficient values were obtained for the total time and the movement time, with moderate and large-to-very large values being evident for the response time and the decision-making time, respectively. The usefulness to detect moderate performance changes was rated as “good” for the total time, the response time, and the movement time. The decision-making time was rated as “OK.” The movement time showed a very large relationship with overall agility performance as measured by the total time, while the response time and the decision-making time showed small to moderate relationships. In conclusion, the newly developed soccer-specific agility test is a reliable tool to assess the agility performance of soccer players and can be used by coaches and researchers to detect moderate performance changes. Because physical aspects, represented by the movement time, showed the greatest influence on total agility performance, they are advised to be included in soccer-specific agility training programs of amateur players.
Regional Characteristics of Deformation and Failure of Coal and Rock under Local Loading
Authors: Zhao Hongbao , Wang Tao , Li Jinyu , Liu Yihong , Su Boyi
Published: April 2020

The deformation regional characteristics and fractal characteristics of crack propagation in raw coal and briquette coal under local loading were studied. The results show that the stress-strain curves of the two samples under local loading have typical stage characteristics, the deformation of the raw coal samples in the compaction stage is greater than that of the briquette coal samples, and the peak strength of the two samples increases linearly with the increase of the loading area. With the increase of loading time, the strain of the nonloading zone shows a slow growth stage and a strain stable stage. The farther away from the loading area, the smaller the strain and the strain rate are. Under local loading, the relation of the fractal dimension of the raw coal surface and strain can be described as a cubic function, while the relation can be expressed by a quadratic function for the briquette sample, and the relation of the fractal dimension and loading area of the raw coal and briquette both can be described as a quadratic function. Under uniaxial compression, the briquette coal mainly undergoes tensile failure, and the raw coal mainly undergoes x-type shear failure. Under local loading, the raw coal and briquette coal microcracks started propagation from the easy fracture zone, and the main control crack is located in the interface between the loading zone and the nonloading zone.
Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) Controls the Expression of the Transcriptional Activator Neuronal PAS Domain Protein 4 (NPAS4) and Synaptic GABA Release
Authors: Opsomer Rémi , Contino Sabrina , Perrin Florian , Gualdani Roberta , Tasiaux Bernadette , Doyen Pierre , Vergouts Maxime , Vrancx Céline , Doshina Anna , Pierrot Nathalie , Octave Jean-Noël , Gailly Philippe , Stanga Serena , Kienlen-Campard Pascal
Published: April 2020

The amyloid precursor protein (APP) has been extensively studied as the precursor of the β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, the major component of the senile plaques found in the brain of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. However, the function of APP per se in neuronal physiology remains to be fully elucidated. APP is expressed at high levels in the brain. It resembles a cell adhesion molecule or a membrane receptor, suggesting that its function relies on cell-cell interaction and/or activation of intracellular signaling pathways. In this respect, the APP intracellular domain (AICD) was reported to act as a transcriptional regulator. Here, we used a transcriptome-based approach to identify the genes transcriptionally regulated by APP in the rodent embryonic cortex and on maturation of primary cortical neurons. Surprisingly, the overall transcriptional changes were subtle, but a more detailed analysis pointed to genes clustered in neuronal-activity dependent pathways. In particular, we observed a decreased transcription of neuronal PAS domain protein 4 (NPAS4) in APP−/− neurons. NPAS4 is an inducible transcription factor (ITF) regulated by neuronal depolarization. The downregulation of NPAS4 co-occurs with an increased production of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA and a reduced expression of the GABAAreceptors α1. CRISPR-Cas-mediated silencing of NPAS4 in neurons led to similar observations. Patch-clamp investigation did not reveal any functional decrease of GABAAreceptors activity, but long-term potentiation (LTP) measurement supported an increased GABA component in synaptic transmission of APP−/− mice. Together, NPAS4 appears to be a downstream target involved in APP-dependent regulation of inhibitory synaptic transmission.
Response-Related Signals Increase Confidence But Not Metacognitive Performance
Authors: Filevich Elisa , Koß Christina , Faivre Nathan
Published: April 2020

Confidence judgments are a central tool in metacognition research. In a typical task, participants first perform perceptual (first-order) decisions and then rate their confidence in these decisions. The relationship between confidence and first-order accuracy is taken as a measure of metacognitive performance. Confidence is often assumed to stem from decision-monitoring processes alone, but processes that co-occur with the first-order decision may also play a role in confidence formation. In fact, some recent studies have revealed that directly manipulating motor regions in the brain, or the time of first-order decisions relative to second-order decisions, affects confidence judgments. This finding suggests that confidence could be informed by a readout of reaction times in addition to decision-monitoring processes. To test this possibility, we assessed the contribution of response-related signals to confidence and, in particular, to metacognitive performance (i.e., a measure of the adequacy of these confidence judgments). In human volunteers, we measured the effect of making an overt (vs covert) decision, as well as the effect of pairing an action to the stimulus about which the first-order decision is made. Against our expectations, we found no differences in overall confidence or metacognitive performance when first-order responses were covert as opposed to overt. Further, actions paired to visual stimuli presented led to higher confidence ratings, but did not affect metacognitive performance. These results suggest that confidence ratings do not always incorporate motor information.
Early Restoration ofShank3Expression inShank3Knock-Out Mice Prevents Core ASD-Like Behavioral Phenotypes
Authors: Jaramillo Thomas C. , Xuan Zhong , Reimers Jeremy M. , Escamilla Christine O. , Liu Shunan , Powell Craig M.
Published: April 2020

Several genes are associated with increased risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), neurodevelopmental disorders that present with repetitive movements and restricted interests along with deficits in social interaction/communication. While genetic alterations associated with ASD are present early in life, ASD-like behaviors are difficult to detect in early infancy. This raises the issue of whether reversal of an ASD-associated genetic alteration early in life can prevent the onset of ASD-like behaviors. Genetic alterations ofSHANK3, a well-characterized gene encoding a postsynaptic scaffolding protein, are estimated to contribute to ∼0.5% of ASD and remain one of the more replicated and well-characterized genetic defects in ASD. Here, we investigate whether early genetic reversal of aShank3mutation can prevent the onset of ASD-like behaviors in a mouse model. Previously, we have demonstrated that mice deficient inShank3display a wide range of behavioral abnormalities such as repetitive grooming, social deficits, anxiety, and motor abnormalities. In this study, we replicate many of these behaviors inShank3mutant mice. With early genetic restoration of wild-type (WT)Shank3, we rescue behaviors including repetitive grooming and social, locomotor, and rearing deficits. Our findings support the idea that the underlying mechanisms involving ASD behaviors in mice deficient inShank3are susceptible to early genetic correction ofShank3mutations.
Bacterial synthesis of nanoparticles: A green approach
Authors: Tsekhmistrenko S. I. , Bityutskyy V. S. , Tsekhmistrenko O. S. , Horalskyi L. P. , Tymoshok N. O. , Spivak M. Y.
Published: April 2020

In recent decades, the attention of scientists has been drawn towards nanoparticles (NPs) of metals and metalloids. Traditional methods for the manufacturing of NPs are now being extensively studied. However, disadvantages such as the use of toxic agents and high energy consumption associated with chemical and physical processes impede their continued use in various fields. In this article, we analyse the relevance of the use of living systems and their components for the development of "green" synthesis of nano-objects with exceptional properties and a wide range of applications. The use of nano-biotechnological methods for the synthesis of nanoparticles has the potential of large-scale application and high commercial potential. Bacteria are an extremely convenient target for green nanoparticle synthesis due to their variety and ability to adapt to different environmental conditions. Synthesis of nanoparticles by microorganisms can occur both intracellularly and extracellularly. It is known that individual bacteria are able to bind and concentrate dissolved metal ions and metalloids, thereby detoxifying their environment. There are various bacteria cellular components such as enzymes, proteins, peptides, pigments, which are involved in the formation of nanoparticles. Bio-intensive manufacturing of NPs is environmentally friendly and inexpensive and requires low energy consumption. Some biosynthetic NPs are used as heterogeneous catalysts for environmental restoration, exhibiting higher catalytic efficiency due to their stability and increased biocompatibility. Bacteria used as nanofactories can provide a new approach to the removal of metal or metalloid ions and the production of materials with unique properties. Although a wide range of NPs have been biosynthetic and their synthetic mechanisms have been proposed, some of these mechanisms are not known in detail. This review focuses on the synthesis and catalytic applications of NPs obtained using bacteria. Known mechanisms of bioreduction and prospects for the development of NPs for catalytic applications are discussed.
Reduction of sulfur and oxidized forms of nitrogen by bacteria of Desulfuromonas sp., isolated from Yavorivske Lake, under the influence of ferrum citrate
Authors: Moroz O. M. , Hnatush S. O. , Maslovska O. D. , Yavorska G. V. , Borsukevych B. M.
Published: April 2020

Technogenic reservoirs mainly contain several possible electron acceptors of anaerobic respiration, many of which are dangerous to the environment. The succession of their reduction (and thus detoxification) by sulfur reducing bacteria is not yet sufficiently studied. We investigated the influence of ferrum (III) citrate, present in the cultivation medium, on the reduction of sulfur, nitrate and nitrite ions by sulfur reducing bacteria Desulfuromonas acetoxidans IMV B-7384, Desulfuromonas sp. Yavor-5 and Desulfuromonas sp. Yavor-7, isolated from Yavorivske Lake. It was established that ferrum (III) citrate inhibits the biomass accumulation and hydrogen sulfide production by bacteria of Desulfuromonas sp. after simultaneous addition to the medium of 3.47 mM S0 and 1.74–10.41 mM ferrum (III) citrate, as compared with growth and hydrogen sulfide production by bacteria in the medium with only sulfur. In the medium with the same initial content (3.47 mM) S0 and ferrum (III) citrate bacteria produced ferrum (II) ions at concentrations 3.5–3.9 times higher than that of hydrogen sulfide. Ferrum (III) citrate inhibits the biomass accumulation, the nitrate or nitrite ions reduction and the ammonium ions production by bacteria of Desulfuromonas sp. after simultaneous addition to the medium of 3.47 mM NaNO3 or NaNO2 and 1.74–10.41 mM ferrum (III) citrate. In the medium with the same initial content (3.47 mM) NaNO3 and ferrum (III) citrate, bacteria produced ammonium ions at concentrations in 1.1 times higher than that of ferrum (II) ions. In the medium with the same initial content (3.47 mM) NaNO2 and ferrum (III) citrate, bacteria reduced 1.5–1.6 times more ferrum (III) than nitrite ions with production of ferrum (II) ions at concentrations 1.7 times higher than that of ammonium ions. The process of nitrate reduction carried out by bacteria of Desulfuromonas genus was less sensitive to the negative influence of ferrum (III) citrate, compared to the process of nitrite ions reduction. When the reduction of nitrate ions by bacteria in the presence of 1.74–10.41 mM ferrum (III) citrate decreased by 1.4–2.2 times, then the reduction of nitrite ions decreased by 1.8–3.2 times compared to their reduction in media with only NaNO3 or NaNO2, respectively. Although the reduction of ferrum (III) by cells in media with 3.47 mM S0, NaNO3 or NaNO2 and 1.74–10.41 mM ferrum (III) citrate decreased by 1.6–2.7, 1.6–2.7 and 1.1–2.2 times, respectively, compared to the reduction in medium with only ferrum (III) citrate, the investigated strains of bacteria were resistant to high concentrations of trivalent ferrum compounds and can therefore can be used in technologies of complex purification of environments polluted by heavy metal and nitrogen compounds.
Trophic links of the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) in transformed forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine
Authors: Chaplygina A. B. , Pakhomov O. Y. , Yevtushenko H. A. , Brygadyrenko V. V.
Published: April 2020

The сhaffinch (Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758; Passeriformes, Fringillidae) is one of the most colourful forest species of birds living in Europe, West Asia and North Africa. The diet of this species was studied as a contribution to the conservation of the population of this species in transformed forests of the north-eastern part of Ukraine. Four forest ecosystems were studied: three model sites in oak forests, transformed under intensive recreation pressure, and one model site in a pine-oak forest. A total of 39 invertebrate taxa, dominated by Insecta (93.0%) were found. The orders Coleoptera (32.6%) and Lepidoptera (63.5%) prevailed in the diet of finch nestlings, the highest number of taxa (52.3–76.2%) was represented by phytophages. The phytophagous species also constituted the majority of the consumed prey items (44.0–55.6%). Environmental conditions provided an important effect on the diet structure. The most favourable foraging conditions for the species were found in protected natural areas. According to the analysis, the finch foraging efficiency was similar in all the studied sites. The highest biodiversity indices were found in a protected area of Homilshanski Forests National Nature Park. Results of the research have indicated the crucial role of Fringilla coelebs in the population management of potentially dangerous agricultural pests.
Ecological-climatic characteristics of the flora of a floodplain landscape in Southeastern Europe
Authors: Baranovski B. А. , Karmyzova L. А. , Roshchyna N. O. , Ivanko I. A. , Karas O. G.
Published: April 2020

Floodplain ecosystems take on the role of active areas of biodiversity and provide many “ecosystem services”, as evidenced by a number of European scientific references. A biodiversity analysis of river floodplains in six European countries within the temperate zone has shown that the floodplains are habitats with a high-level of structural and functional dynamics. The level of their conservation reflects the floristic diversity of forest territories, which is especially important for subarid areas. Recently, a comparison of bioecological characteristics of flora in floodplain forest areas and treeless territories was conducted on the floodplain landscapes of a subarid region of Europe. The valley-terraced landscape of the Samara River, a tributary of the Dnieper can serve as a reference site of native plant complexes of subarid territory in Eastern Europe. Despite long-term anthropogenic transformation, the landscape has retained a significant phytodiversity level. The flora of the Samara River area includes 887 plant species. Of these, 177 species belonging to the rare and endangered categories. The floodplain landscape is the richest in species and most diverse part of this complex. The flora of the Samara floodplain includes 728 species (including 132 rare ones), of which 631 grow in forest communities, and 487 – in anthropogenically transformed, treeless floodplain areas. As part of the forest flora, the number of tree and shrubby species, scyophytes, hygrophytes, and megatrophs significantly increases compared to treeless sites, and the number of ruderal plant species decreases. The floristic composition of the floodplain forests of the subarid region is much richer and more diverse than the flora of the treeless floodplain areas, and this should encourage measures for their protection and restoration. Afforestation of floodplain territories within the steppe zone of Ukraine should be a priority in comparison with other landscapes. For the protection of the flora studied, a scientific justification for creating the National Park "Samara Bor" was prepared. Under the conditions of anthropogenic and climatic impact, this article is of great global importance for attracting the attention of specialists, authorities and society to the protection and restoration of biodiversity in the most valuable landscapes.
The effect of soil and climatic conditions on the distribution of nutrients in Actinidia arguta leaves
Authors: Zaimenko N. V. , Skrypchenko N. V. , Ivanytska B. O. , Klymchuk D. O. , Novychenko N. S. , Liu D.
Published: April 2020

The patterns of the distribution of nutrients in kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq.), family Actinidiaceae (Gilg & Werderm), leaves growing under different soil and climatic conditions (Ukraine and China) were studied. Using scanning electron microscopy, significant differences were shown in the distribution of assimilates and mineral nutrients in the leaves of kiwiberry cultivated under different climate and soil conditions (Kyiv city, Ukraine and Jiamusi, China). The leaves of plants grown in China have higher concentration of all of the studied nutrients exception for silicon. The differences found in the content of macro- and microelements in plant tissues are consistent with their total content in the soil, and depend on the synthesis of low molecular weight organic compounds, namely, hydroxybenzoic, benzoic and triterpene acids. An increase in the silicon content in the leaves of kiwiberry plants grown in Ukraine indicates the moisture deficit in the soil. This conclusion is confirmed by the anatomical differences viz. the presence of additional integumentary formations and fewer stomata number per 1 mm2 of leaf surface. The specific feature of ‘Perlyna sadu’ cultivar was high concentrations of sodium and aluminum in the foliar tissues, regardless of the place of growth. The analysis of the distribution of nutrients in the leaves located along the stem showed remobilization of the former within the three layers: the lower one nourishes the roots, the upper one nourishes the leaves in the active growth phase and the middle one allocates the assimilates in both directions. A significant positive relationship was found between the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments and electrophysiological activity, especially for the leaves of the lower zone. The revealed differentiation into layers differing in polarity of bioelectric potentials and the distribution of assimilates suggests functional differentiation of the kiwiberry leaves. In particular, the leaves of the lower layer perform a storage function. The middle part is less conservative and characterized by higher sensitivity to environmental factors performs a mainly synthetic function. The upper layer performs an active growth function. The results of the comparative analysis of the indicators of the number of chloroplasts in the mesophyll cells proved that the obtained dependence can be used as a diagnostic criterion in assessing the predicted plant productivity at the early stages of their development.
Julián Calvo Blanco: Un jurista masón del exilio español en México
Authors: Martínez Chávez Eva Elizabeth
Published: April 2020

El artículo analiza la vida y obra de Julián Calvo Blanco, un jurista español exiliado en México tras la Guerra Civil española. En esta investigación se busca estudiar la relación que existió entre la masonería y el exilio español. A partir de archivos históricos mexicanos y españoles, reconstruimos los datos biográficos de Calvo Blanco, su vida en España antes del exilio, en México y su participación en la masonería, tanto en la española como en la mexicana. Esta información nos permite conocer la participación de la masonería mexicana en la llegada y la incorporación de no pocos masones españoles.
Masonería y revolución liberal en España: la Confederación de Comuneros
Authors: Díez Morrás Francisco Javier
Published: April 2020

La Confederación de Comuneros nació en España a principios de 1821 dentro de la masonería, creada por miembros exaltados ante la moderación de esta. Pronto tuvo un gran número de integrantes, por toda España y singularmente por los ámbitos rurales. Se dotó de una estructura más sencilla que la masonería, adoptando una terminología emparentada con las revueltas comuneras del primer cuarto del siglo XVI. Entre sus fines estaba llevar a término una revolución liberal. Tras una primera crisis en octubre de 1822 y una escisión en febrero de 1823, pasó a la irrelevancia una vez derribado el sistema constitucional español.
Maçonaria e anticlericalismo no jornal O Livre Pensador
Authors: Goulart da Silva Michel
Published: April 2020

Neste artigo discute-se como se expressou o anticlericalismo no jornal O Livre Pensador, publicado em São Paulo, a partir de 1903, e sua relação com a Maçonaria. Nas páginas do jornal pode-se identificar as particularidades do anticlericalismo em âmbito nacional e internacional e sua relação com outras manifestações ideológicas, como o socialismo e o positivismo. Pode-se também analisar tanto sua relação com organizações operárias como os embates travados entre anticlericais e a Igreja Católica na Primeira República.
La Masonería en la Independencia de América. Tres siglos de fundación de la masonería simbólica (1717-2017), editado por Diana Elvira Soto, Miguel Ángel Puig-Samper y José Pascual Mora-García
Authors: Aguiar Bobet Valeria
Published: April 2020

La Masonería en la Independencia de América. Tres siglos de fundación de la masonería simbólica (1717-2017) de Diana Elvira Soto, Miguel Ángel Puig-Samper y José Pascual Mora-García como editores de la publicación, recoge una serie de artículos-conferencias realizadas en el  “IX coloquio de historia social y de las ciencias” celebrado en marzo de 2014 en las ciudades de Cartagena de Indias y Santa Cruz de Mompox. La monografía reúne varias investigaciones en torno al complejo fenómeno de la masonería y su relación con la independencia de los países americanos, los tópicos asociados a los próceres criollos protagonistas de estos procesos y el debate sinfín sobre la responsabilidad de la masonería en estas historias.
Analisis Kemampuan Tahsin dan Tahfizh Mahasiswa Matematika, Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (MIPA) dan Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI)
Authors: Sugilar Hamdan , Dedih Ujang , Anwar Cecep , Darmalaksana Wahyudin
Published: April 2020

The development of human character and personality, especially students, is one of them through the tahsin and tahfizh programs. This study aims to find out how the tahsin and tahfizh unit program and the ability of tahsin, tahfizh students majoring in Mathematics and Natural Sciences and Islamic Education. This research method is a qualitative descriptive study with the subject of 2015 student research majoring in PAI and MIPA tarbiyah and teacher training faculties in one of the in a college in the city of Bandung.. The results of the research show that the activities of tahsin and tahfizh are managed by the tahsin and tahfizh units of the faculty by involving supervisors and examiners of tahsin and tahfizh, the ability of tahsin and tahfizh of PAI and MIPA students in the good category with an average of 83.51 and tahfizh 84, 16 Students really respond to the existence of the units of tahsin and tahfizh and do not object to the obligation to memorize juz 30 as a condition of the munaqosah exam.Pengembangan karakter dan kepribadian manusia khususnya mahasiswa, salah satunya melalui program tahsin dan tahfizh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana program unit tahsin dan tahfizh dan kemampuan tahsin, tahfizh mahasiswa jurusan MIPA dan PAI. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian mahasiswa angkatan 2015 jurusan PAI dan MIPA fakultas tarbiyah dan keguruan salah satu perguruan tinggi di Bandung. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan tahsin dan tahfizh dikelola oleh unit tahsin dan tahfizh fakultas dengan melibatkan dosen pembimbing dan penguji tahsin dan tahfizh, kemampaun tahsin dan tahfizh mahasiswa jurusan PAI dan MIPA pada kategori baik dengan rata-rata tahsin 83,51 dan tahfizh 84,16. Mahasiswa sangat merespon adanya unit tahsin dan tahfizh dan tidak keberatan dengan kewajiban menghapal juz 30 sebagai syarat sidang munaqosah.
The Nonlinear evolutionary problem for self-stressed multilayered hyperelastic spherical bodies
Authors: Lychev S A , Lycheva T N , Koifman K G
Published: April 2020

The present paper studies the evolutionary problem for self-stressed multilayered spherical shells. Their stress-strain state is characterized by incompatible local finite deformations that arise due to the geometric incompatibility of the stress-free shapes of the individual layers with each other. In the considered problem, these shapes are thin-walled hollow balls that cannot be assembled into a single solid without gaps or overlaps. Such an assembly is possible only with the preliminary deformations of individual layers, which cause self-balanced stresses in them. For multilayered structures with a large number of layers, a smoothing procedure is proposed, as a result of which the piecewise continuous functions defining the preliminary deformation of the layers are replaced by continuous distributions. The reference stress-free shape of a body constructed in this way is defined within the framework of geometric continuum mechanics as a manifold with a non-Euclidean (material) connection. For the problem in question, this connection is determined by the metric tensor and its deviation from the Euclidean connection is characterized by the scalar curvature. Generalized representations for Cauchy and Piola stresses are also obtained by the methods of geometric continuum mechanics. Computations, provided for the discrete structure and body with a non-Euclidean reference shape defined by the approximation of deformation parameters, numerically illustrate the convergency of the solution for the discrete model to corresponded solution for the continuous problem if the number of layers is increasing while their total thickness is constant. In modelling it is assumed that the material of the layers is compressible, homogeneous, hyperelastic, and determined by the first-order Mooney - Rivlin elastic potential. Individual layerwise finite deformations are supposed to be centrally symmetric.
The limit state of concrete and reinforced concrete rods at complex and longitudinal-transverse bending
Authors: Nemirovskii Yu V , Tikhonov S V
Published: April 2020

The work considers rods with a constant cross-section. The deformation law of each layer of the rod is adopted as an approximation by a polynomial of the second order. The method of determining the coefficients of the indicated polynomial and the limit deformations under compression and tension of the material of each layer is described with the presence of three traditional characteristics: modulus of elasticity, limit stresses at compression and tension. On the basis of deformation diagrams of the concrete grades B10, B30, B50 under tension and compression, these coefficients are determined by the method of least squares. The deformation diagrams of these concrete grades are compared on the basis of the approximations obtained by the limit values and the method of least squares, and it is found that these diagrams approximate quite well the real deformation diagrams at deformations close to the limit. The main problem in this work is to determine if the rod is able withstand the applied loads, before intensive cracking processes in concrete. So as a criterion of the conditional limit state this work adopts the maximum permissible deformation value under tension or compression corresponding to the points of transition to a falling branch on the deformation diagram level in one or more layers of the rod. The Kirchhoff-Lyav classical kinematic hypotheses are assumed to be valid for the rod deformation. The cases of statically determinable and statically indeterminable problems of bend of the rod are considered. It is shown that in the case of statically determinable loadings, the general solution of the problem comes to solving a system of three nonlinear algebraic equations which roots can be obtained with the necessary accuracy using the well-developed methods of computational mathematics. The general solution of the problem for statically indeterminable problems is reduced to obtaining a solution to a system of three nonlinear differential equations for three functions - deformation and curvatures. The Bubnov-Galerkin method is used to approximate the solution of this equation on the segment along the length of the rod, and specific examples of its application to the Maple system of symbolic calculations are considered.
Modeling a Dynamic Response at Resonant Vibrations of an Elongated Plate with an Integral Damping Coating
Authors: Paimushin V N , Firsov V A , Shishkin V M
Published: April 2020

Classical methods of surface damping using free and constraining damping layers are discussed. The structure of a perspective integrated version of a damping coating is presented. This integral damping coating consists of two layers of a material with pronounced viscoelastic properties, between which there is a thin reinforcing layer of a high modulus material. A generalization of the Thompson-Kelvin-Voigt model is given for the description of viscoelastic properties of the material under tension-compression in the case of a complex stress state. A finite-element method was developed to determine the dynamic response of an elongated plate with the integral damping coating. This method is based on a four-layer finite element with 14 degrees of freedom: the main material is within the Kirchhoff-Love's model, the damping layers are in a flat stress state, the reinforcing layer perceives tension and compression. This model allows us to take into account the effect of transverse compression of the damping layers of the plate, which significantly increases its damping properties at high vibration frequencies. The stiffness matrices, the damping matrices, and the mass matrices of the constituent layers aim at obtaining similar complete matrices of a finite element. A system of resolving equations was obtained on the basis of the Lagrange equations of the second kind with respect to the vector of nodal displacements of the finite element model of the plate with an arbitrary dynamic load. In the case of a harmonic load with a frequency that coincides with one of the frequencies of free vibrations of the plate, a transition to a modal equation with respect to the normal coordinate corresponding to the given frequency is possible. Numerical experiments were carried out to test the developed finite element method using the example of a hingedly supported elongated plate with an integral damping coating. The numerical experiments showed a qualitative change in the composition of stresses in the damping layers of the plate at high vibration frequencies, which significantly affects its damping properties.
The effect of surface plastic hardening technology, residual stresses and boundary conditions on the buckling of a beam
Authors: Radchenko V P , Afanaseva O S , Glebov V E
Published: April 2020

The complex influence of the surface plastic hardening technology, residual stresses, and boundary conditions on the bending of a hardened beam of EP742 alloy was performed. A phenomenological method of restoring the fields of residual stress and plastic deformations performed by its experimental verification in the particular case of ultrasonic hardening is given. The correspondence of the calculated and experimental data for the residual stresses is observed. For assess the influence of the formed residual stresses on convex cylinders, the calculation methods are used for initial strains based on using analogies between the initial (residual) plastic strains and temperature strains in an inhomogeneous temperature field. This allowed us to reduce the consideration of the problem to the problem of thermoelasticity, which was further solved by numerical methods. The effect of four types of boundary conditions for fixing the ends of the beams (rigid fastening and articulation of the ends and ribs in various combinations, cantilever) on the shape and size of the bending of the beam 10×10×100 mm after ultrasonic hardening is studied in detail. It was found that the minimum deflection is observed with a hard seal of both ends of the beam. The effect of the thickness of the beam, which varied from 2 to 10 mm, on their buckling under the same distribution of residual stresses in the hardened layer was studied, and the nonlinear nature of the increase in the deflection boom with decreasing thickness for all types of boundary conditions was established. It is shown that under all boundary conditions, the curvature along the length of the beam practically does not change, therefore it can be considered constant. The consequence of this is the preservation of the hypothesis of flat sections after the hardening procedure, which is confirmed by the calculated profile of the beam section in plane symmetry, close to a straight line. The influence of the anisotropy of surface plastic hardening on the buckling of the beam was found to be significant, which can serve as the basis for choosing the optimal hardening procedure. The performed parametric analysis of the task is presented in the form of graphical and tabular information on the results of the calculations.