bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ALGUMAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DOS GRUPOS DE PESQUISA EDUCON E NUPERES NA DIFUSÃO DA NOÇÃO DE RELAÇÃO COM O/AO SABER (RAPPORT AU SAVOIR) NO BRASIL
Authors: Dilson Beserra Cavalcanti José , Charlot Bernard , Anahí da Silva Veleida
Published: March 2019

Considerando o significativo aumento das produções científicas desenvolvidas no Brasil acerca da noção de relação ao saber nos últimos anos e as diversidades de contextos e disciplinas nas quais ela tem sido evocada, torna-se necessário estudos e reflexões pautando sua história, epistemologia e difusão. Desse modo, a finalidade deste artigo é apresentar uma síntese da origem e desenvolvimento da noção de relação ao saber na França e um panorama do cenário específico da difusão no Brasil focando nas contribuições das equipes de pesquisa EDUCON e NUPERES na formação de pesquisadores, na produção científica e na difusão da noção.
Surgery for nerve injury: current and future perspectives
Authors: Midha Rajiv , Grochmal Joey
Published: March 2019

In this review article, the authors offer their perspective on nerve surgery for nerve injury, with a focus on recent evolution of management and the current surgical management. The authors provide a brief historical perspective to lay the foundations of the modern understanding of clinical nerve injury and its evolving management, especially over the last century. The shift from evaluation of the nerve injury using macroscopic techniques of exploration and external neurolysis to microscopic interrogation, interfascicular dissection, and internal neurolysis along with the use of intraoperative electrophysiology were important advances of the past 50 years. By the late 20th century, the advent and popularization of interfascicular nerve grafting techniques heralded a major advance in nerve reconstruction and allowed good outcomes to be achieved in a large percentage of nerve injury repair cases. In the past 2 decades, there has been a paradigm shift in surgical nerve repair, wherein surgeons are not only directing the repair at the injury zone, but also are deliberately performing distal-targeted nerve transfers as a preferred alternative in an attempt to restore function. The peripheral rewiring approach allows the surgeon to convert a very proximal injury with long regeneration distances and (often) uncertain outcomes to a distal injury and repair with a greater potential of regenerative success and functional recovery. Nerve transfers, originally performed as a salvage procedure for severe brachial plexus avulsion injuries, are now routinely done for various less severe brachial plexus injuries and many other proximal nerve injuries, with reliably good to even excellent results. The outcomes from nerve transfers for select clinical nerve injury are emphasized in this review. Extension of the rewiring paradigm with nerve transfers for CNS lesions such as spinal cord injury and stroke are showing great potential and promise. Cortical reeducation is required for success, and an emerging field of rehabilitation and restorative neurosciences is evident, which couples a nerve transfer procedure to robotically controlled limbs and mind-machine interfacing. The future for peripheral nerve repair has never been more exciting.
Value of aggressive surgical and intensive care unit in elderly patients with traumatic spinal cord injury
Authors: Lau Darryl , Dalle Ore Cecilia L. , Tarapore Phiroz E. , Huang Michael , Manley Geoffrey , Singh Vineeta , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Beattie Michael , Bresnahan Jacqueline , Ferguson Adam R. , Talbott Jason F. , Whetstone William , Dhall Sanjay S.
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE

The elderly are a growing subpopulation within traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Studies have reported high morbidity and mortality rates in elderly patients who undergo surgery for SCI. In this study, the authors compare the perioperative outcomes of surgically managed elderly SCI patients with those of a younger cohort and those reported in the literature.

METHODS

Data on a consecutive series of adult traumatic SCI patients surgically managed at a single institution in the period from 2007 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The cohort was divided into two groups based on age: younger than 70 years and 70 years or older. Assessed outcomes included complications, in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, hospital length of stay (LOS), disposition, and neurological status.

RESULTS

A total of 106 patients were included in the study: 83 young and 23 elderly. The two groups were similar in terms of imaging features (cord hemorrhage and fracture), operative technique, and American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade. The elderly had a significantly higher proportion of cervical SCIs (95.7% vs 71.1%, p = 0.047). There were no significant differences between the young and the elderly in terms of the ICU stay (13.1 vs 13.3 days, respectively, p = 0.948) and hospital LOS (23.3 vs 21.7 days, p = 0.793). Elderly patients experienced significantly higher complication (73.9% vs 43.4%, p = 0.010) and mortality (13.0% vs 1.2%, p = 0.008) rates; in other words, the elderly patients had 1.7 times and 10.8 times the rate of complications and mortality, respectively, than the younger patients. No elderly patients were discharged home (0.0% vs 18.1%, p = 0.029). Discharge AIS grade and AIS grade change were similar between the groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Elderly patients had higher complication and mortality rates than those in younger patients and were less likely to be discharged home. However, it does seem that mortality rates have improved compared to those in prior historical reports.
A case series of penetrating spinal trauma: comparisons to blunt trauma, surgical indications, and outcomes
Authors: Morrow Kevin D. , Podet Adam G. , Spinelli Casey P. , Lasseigne Lindsay M. , Crutcher Clifford L. , Wilson Jason D. , Tender Gabriel C. , DiGiorgio Anthony M.
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE

While blunt spinal trauma accounts for the majority of spine trauma, penetrating injuries affect a substantial number of patients. The goal of this study was to examine the epidemiology of penetrating spine injuries compared with blunt injuries and review the operative interventions and outcomes in the penetrating spine injury group.

METHODS

The prospectively maintained trauma database was queried for spinal fractures from 2012 to 2018. Charts from patients with penetrating spine trauma were reviewed.

RESULTS

A total of 1130 patients were evaluated for traumatic spinal fractures; 154 injuries (13.6%) were secondary to penetrating injuries. Patients with penetrating injuries were significantly younger (29.2 years vs 44.1 years, p < 0.001), more likely male (87.7% vs 69.2%, p < 0.001), and more commonly African American (80.5% vs 33.3%, p < 0.05). When comparing primary insurers, the penetrating group had a significantly higher percentage of patients covered by Medicaid (60.4% vs 32.6%, p < 0.05) or prison (3.9% vs 0.1%, p < 0.05) or being uninsured (17.5% vs 10.3%, p < 0.05). The penetrating group had a higher Injury Severity Score on admission (20.2 vs 15.6, p < 0.001) and longer hospital length of stay (20.1 days vs 10.3 days, p < 0.001) and were less likely to be discharged home (51.3% vs 65.1%, p < 0.05). Of the penetrating injuries, 142 (92.2%) were due to firearms. Sixty-three patients (40.9%) with penetrating injuries had a concomitant spinal cord or cauda equina injury. Of those, 44 (69.8%) had an American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade of A. Ten patients (15.9%) improved at least 1 AIS grade, while 2 patients (3.2%) declined at least 1 AIS grade. Nine patients with penetrating injuries underwent neurosurgical intervention: 5 for spinal instability, 4 for compressive lesions with declining neurological examination results, and 2 for infectious concerns, with some patients having multiple indications. Patients undergoing neurosurgical intervention did not show a significantly greater change in AIS grade than those who did not. No patient experienced a complication directly related to neurosurgical intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

Penetrating spinal trauma affects a younger, more publicly funded cohort than blunt spinal trauma. These patients utilize more healthcare resources and are more severely injured. Surgery is undertaken for limiting progression of neurological deficit, stabilization, or infection control.
Imaging characteristics of chronic spinal cord injury identified during screening for a cell transplantation clinical trial
Authors: Burks Joshua D. , Gant Katie L. , Guest James D. , Jamshidi Aria G. , Cox Efrem M. , Anderson Kim D. , Dietrich W. Dalton , Bunge Mary Bartlett , Green Barth A. , Khan Aisha , Pearse Damien D. , Saraf-Lavi Efrat , Levi Allan D.
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE

In cell transplantation trials for spinal cord injury (SCI), quantifiable imaging criteria that serve as inclusion criteria are important in trial design. The authors’ institutional experience has demonstrated an overall high rate of screen failures. The authors examined the causes for trial exclusion in a phase I, open-lab clinical trial examining the role of autologous Schwann cell intramedullary transplantation. Specifically, they reviewed the imaging characteristics in people with chronic SCI that excluded applicants from the trial, as this was a common cause of screening failures in their study.

METHODS

The authors reviewed MRI records from 152 people with chronic (> 1 year) SCI who volunteered for intralesional Schwann cell transplantation but were deemed ineligible by prospectively defined criteria. Rostral-caudal injury lesion length was measured along the long axis of the spinal cord in the sagittal plane on T2-weighted MRI. Other lesion characteristics, specifically those pertaining to lesion cavity structure resulting in trial exclusion, were recorded.

RESULTS

Imaging records from 152 potential participants with chronic SCI were reviewed, 42 with thoracic-level SCI and 110 with cervical-level SCI. Twenty-three individuals (55%) with thoracic SCI and 70 (64%) with cervical SCI were not enrolled in the trial based on imaging characteristics. For potential participants with thoracic injuries who did not meet the screening criteria for enrollment, the average rostral-caudal sagittal lesion length was 50 mm (SD 41 mm). In applicants with cervical injuries who did not meet the screening criteria for enrollment, the average sagittal lesion length was 34 mm (SD 21 mm).

CONCLUSIONS

While screening people with SCI for participation in a cell transplantation clinical trial, lesion length or volume can exclude potential subjects who appear appropriate candidates based on neurological eligibility criteria. In planning future cell-based therapy trials, the limitations incurred by lesion size should be considered early due to the screening burden and impact on candidate selection.
Correlation of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging parameters with American Spinal Injury Association score for prognostication and long-term outcomes
Authors: Shabani Saman , Kaushal Mayank , Budde Matthew , Kurpad Shekar N.
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE

Conventional MRI is routinely used to demonstrate the anatomical site of spinal cord injury (SCI). However, quantitative and qualitative imaging parameters have limited use in predicting neurological outcomes. Currently, there are no reliable neuroimaging biomarkers to predict short- and long-term outcome after SCI.

METHODS

A prospective cohort of 23 patients with SCI (19 with cervical SCI [CSCI] and 4 with thoracic SCI [TSCI]) treated between 2007 and 2014 was included in the study. The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score was determined at the time of arrival and at 1-year follow-up. Only 15 patients (12 with CSCI and 3 with TSCI) had 1-year follow-up. Whole-cord fractional anisotropy (FA) was determined at C1–2, following which C1–2 was divided into upper, middle, and lower segments and the corresponding FA value at each of these segments was calculated. Correlation analysis was performed between FA and ASIA score at time of arrival and 1-year follow-up.

RESULTS

Correlation analysis showed a positive but nonsignificant correlation (p = 0.095) between FA and ASIA score for all patients (CSCI and TCSI) at the time of arrival. Additional regression analysis consisting of only patients with CSCI showed a significant correlation (p = 0.008) between FA and ASIA score at time of arrival as well as at 1-year follow-up (p = 0.025). Furthermore, in case of patients with CSCI, a significant correlation between FA value at each of the segments (upper, middle, and lower) of C1–2 and ASIA score at time of arrival was found (p = 0.017, p = 0.015, and p = 0.002, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with CSCI, the measurement of diffusion anisotropy of the high cervical cord (C1–2) correlates significantly with injury severity and long-term follow-up. However, this correlation is not seen in patients with TSCI. Therefore, FA can be used as an imaging biomarker for evaluating neural injury and monitoring recovery in patients with CSCI.
Stem cell therapies for acute spinal cord injury in humans: a review
Authors: Jin Michael C. , Medress Zachary A. , Azad Tej D. , Doulames Vanessa M. , Veeravagu Anand
Published: March 2019

Recent advances in stem cell biology present significant opportunities to advance clinical applications of stem cell–based therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI). In this review, the authors critically analyze the basic science and translational evidence that supports the use of various stem cell sources, including induced pluripotent stem cells, oligodendrocyte precursor cells, and mesenchymal stem cells. They subsequently explore recent advances in stem cell biology and discuss ongoing clinical translation efforts, including combinatorial strategies utilizing scaffolds, biogels, and growth factors to augment stem cell survival, function, and engraftment. Finally, the authors discuss the evolution of stem cell therapies for SCI by providing an overview of completed (n = 18) and ongoing (n = 9) clinical trials.
The role of diffusion tensor imaging in the diagnosis, prognosis, and assessment of recovery and treatment of spinal cord injury: a systematic review
Authors: Zaninovich Orel A. , Avila Mauricio J. , Kay Matthew , Becker Jennifer L. , Hurlbert R. John , Martirosyan Nikolay L.
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an MRI tool that provides an objective, noninvasive, in vivo assessment of spinal cord injury (SCI). DTI is significantly better at visualizing microstructures than standard MRI sequences. In this imaging modality, the direction and amplitude of the diffusion of water molecules inside tissues is measured, and this diffusion can be measured using a variety of parameters. As a result, the potential clinical application of DTI has been studied in several spinal cord pathologies, including SCI. The aim of this study was to describe the current state of the potential clinical utility of DTI in patients with SCI and the challenges to its use as a tool in clinical practice.

METHODS

A search in the PubMed database was conducted for articles relating to the use of DTI in SCI. The citations of relevant articles were also searched for additional articles.

RESULTS

Among the most common DTI metrics are fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, and radial diffusivity. Changes in these metrics reflect changes in tissue integrity. Several DTI metrics and combinations thereof have demonstrated significant correlations with clinical function both in model species and in humans. Its applications encompass the full spectrum of the clinical assessment of SCI including diagnosis, prognosis, recovery, and efficacy of treatments in both the spinal cord and potentially the brain.

CONCLUSIONS

DTI and its metrics have great potential to become a powerful clinical tool in SCI. However, the current limitations of DTI preclude its use beyond research and into clinical practice. Further studies are needed to significantly improve and resolve these limitations as well as to determine reliable time-specific changes in multiple DTI metrics for this tool to be used accurately and reliably in the clinical setting.
Efficacy of riluzole in the treatment of spinal cord injury: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Srinivas Shanmukha , Wali Arvin R. , Pham Martin H.
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE

Riluzole is a glutamatergic modulator that has recently shown potential for neuroprotection after spinal cord injury (SCI). While the effects of riluzole are extensively documented in animal models of SCI, there remains heterogeneity in findings. Moreover, there is a paucity of data on the pharmacology of riluzole and its effects in humans. For the present study, the authors systematically reviewed the literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of the effects of riluzole in SCI.

METHODS

The PubMed database was queried from 1996 to September 2018 to identify animal studies and clinical trials involving riluzole administration for SCI. Once articles were identified, they were processed for year of publication, study design, subject type, injury model, number of subjects in experimental and control groups, dose, timing/route of administration, and outcomes.

RESULTS

A total of 37 studies were included in this study. Three placebo-controlled clinical trials were included with a total of 73 patients with a mean age of 39.1 years (range 18–70 years). For the clinical trials included within this study, the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale distributions for SCI were 42.6% grade A, 25% grade B, 26.6% grade C, and 6.2% grade D. Key findings from studies in humans included decreased nociception, improved motor function, and attenuated spastic reflexes. Twenty-six animal studies (24 in vivo, 1 in vitro, and 1 including both in vivo and in vitro) were included. A total of 520 animals/in vitro specimens were exposed to riluzole and 515 animals/in vitro specimens underwent other treatment for comparison. The average dose of riluzole for intraperitoneal, in vivo studies was 6.5 mg/kg (range 1–10 mg/kg). Key findings from animal studies included behavioral improvement, histopathological tissue sparing, and modified electrophysiology after SCI. Eight studies examined the pharmacology of riluzole in SCI. Key findings from pharmacological studies included riluzole dose-dependent effects on glutamate uptake and its modified bioavailability after SCI in both animal and clinical models.

CONCLUSIONS

SCI has many negative sequelae requiring neuroprotective intervention. While still relatively new in its applications for SCI, both animal and human studies demonstrate riluzole to be a promising pharmacological intervention to attenuate the devastating effects of this condition.
Les mouvements de la vanité à l’époque des Lumières
Authors: Falaky Fayçal
Published: March 2019

Cet article propose de considérer la laïcisation progressive de la vanité aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. Une fois sortie du champ théocentrique, la vanité dénotera moins la vacuité et la brièveté de la vie terrestre qu’une une malséance sociale qui va à l’encontre des mœurs du temps et qui s’inscrit donc dans le temporel. Ce glissement du sacré au saeculum entrainera aussi un changement par rapport au mouvement qu’elle connote. Si jadis, la vanité était le passager et le fugace, elle désignera désormais l’impliable et le rigide.
La Vanité à l’usage des demoiselles : savoir-vivre et savoir-mourir dans le roman d’éducation pour filles dans le Second Empire
Authors: Kawthar Daouda Marie
Published: March 2019

Les années 1850 voient s’installer le Second Empire après un demi-siècle houleux où s’illustre la vanité du pouvoir temporel. Toutes deux légitimistes, Sophie Rostoptchine, comtesse de Ségur, et Victorine Monniot, ont laissé une empreinte profonde dans l’éducation des jeunes filles du Second Empire. Leur enseignement, fondé sur une interprétation concrète du catéchisme catholique, illustre les principes chrétiens de renonciation aux biens matériels enseignés par le memento mori tout en se faisant l’écho des angoisses de l’époque. L’article se propose d’étudier la présence de la vanité comme outil pédagogique dans Le Journal de Marguerite (1858) et le cycle de Sophie (1858-1859) et de mettre au jour les liens entre ces romans édifiants et les hantises exprimées par Baudelaire ou Edmond de Goncourt.
La vanité et le tragique existentiel dans l’œuvre durassienne
Authors: Ledwina Anna
Published: March 2019

L’œuvre de Marguerite Duras est une profonde réflexion sur la vanité de la condition humaine. Ses ouvrages présentent l’individu qui se rend compte de l’impossibilité à vivre dans un monde privé de sens et hostile où tous les efforts pour changer le cours des événements ou d’améliorer son sort se révèlent insignifiants. Ainsi, ils expriment la vanité de toute action humaine, de tout engagement par rapport à une fatalité cruelle des êtres humains. Cet état de choses, résulte, semble-t-il, d’un lien inséparable de la vie et de la mort, inscrit dans la nature humaine.

Les textes durassiens reflètent la fin d’un tel monde ainsi que les avatars absurdes  d’un malheur inévitable. De façon dramatique, l’auteure démontre le tragique existentiel lié, en particulier, à l’injustice, au désespoir, à la souffrance. Impuissants, égarés dans un univers incertain, les personnages durassiens se soumettent passivement à un destin inexorable.
La vanité ou le miroir des faux-semblants dans Chaque heure blesse de Raoul Danaho
Authors: Danglades Mylène
Published: March 2019

La vanité, dans sa représentation la plus générale, nous invite à arrêter quelques instants notre course en avant, à mettre de côté nos divers agissements et à nous interroger sur notre destinée. La littérature, la peinture se focalisent souvent sur la fragilité de la vie. Elle est comparée à un souffle, à une vapeur qui paraît pour peu de temps. Les biens terrestres, les plaisirs mondains paraissent vains et éphémères et la quête incessante de l’homme toute aussi illusoire. Raoul Danaho, dans son roman Chaque heure blesse, publié en 1968, évoque l’histoire d’un jeune homme qui cherche sa propre identité et sa propre place dans le monde. Albert, cet homme originaire de Cayenne, s’est retrouvé à Paris, mais il n’y trouve pas la tranquillité souhaitée. La vie ne présente aucun attrait à ses yeux. Il doit « s’efforcer de vivre ». Il se sent vide, incapable de fusionner avec le monde environnant et l’écriture de Danaho devient par là même fragmentaire comme pour « réfléchir » la vanité de l’existence. Albert cherchera -t-il « vainement » à « poursuivre sa route », « ce tâtonnement dans le noir, cette marche aveugle dans la nuit » ou la rhétorique de la vanité se distendra-t-elle donc pour lui permettre de trouver une voie salutaire ? La Rochefoucauld énonçait avec une certaine acuité les propos suivants, renvoyant l’homme à lui-même, à ses semblables et au prisme réfléchissant: « Ce qui nous rend la vanité des autres insupportable, c’est qu’elle blesse la nôtre» (1664, 390). Nous sommes en droit de nous demander si la lumière parviendra à atteindre et à irradier le cœur humain.
Pilomatrixoma proliferante una rara variante histopatológica simulando un carcinoma de células escamosas.
Authors: Kaplan Viera , Martinez-Cerda Guisella Andrea , Ojeda-Heise Eric , Jeraldo Cecilia
Published: March 2019

Resumen:El Pilomatrixoma es un tumor anexial benigno. Presenta una variante histopatológica infrecuente denominada pilomatrixoma proliferante reportada en 1997 por Kaddu et al. Corresponde a una lesión compuesta predominantemente por una proliferación lobular de células basaloides, con atipia nuclear variable y figuras mitóticas, áreas focales que contienen material cornificado eosinófilo, junto con células sombra. Se propuso al pilomatrixoma proliferante como un subconjunto histopatológico distintivo del pilomatrixoma y se consideró como una variante proliferativa con un perfil histopatológico benigno. La dermatoscopía en este tumor, sobre todo en pacientes de edad avanzada, puede llegar a constituir una trampa dermatoscópica, que es difícil de diferenciar de otras lesiones, como el melanoma o el carcinoma de células basales. Existen múltiples reportes de casos en la literatura donde se informa de pilomatrixomas clásicos o proliferantes simulando otras neoplasias. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 88 años con pilomatrixoma proliferante facial que simuló clínicamente un carcinoma de células escamosas y llevó a confusión diagnóstica inicial, se destacan las características histopatológicas y clínicas de los pilomatrixomas proliferantes. Abstract:Pilomatrixoma is a benign adnexal tumor. It has an infrequent histopathological variant called proliferating pilomatrixoma reported in 1997 by Kaddu et al. It corresponds to a lesion composed predominantly by a lobar proliferation of basaloid cells, with variable nuclear atypia and mitotic figures, focal areas containing eosinophilic cornified material, together with shadow cells. The proliferating pilomatrixoma was proposed as a distinctive histopathological subset of the pilomatrixoma and was considered as a proliferative variant with a benign histopathological profile. Dermatoscopy in this tumor, especially in elderly patients, can result in a dermatoscopic trap, which makes it difficult to differentiate from other lesions, such as melanoma or basal cell carcinoma. There are multiple reports of cases in the literature where classic or proliferating pilomatrixomas were reported simulating other neoplasms. We present the case of an 88-year-old patient with a proliferating facial pilomatrixoma that clinically simulated a squamous cell carcinoma and led to an initial diagnostic confusion, highlighting the histopathological and clinical characteristics of the proliferating pilomatrixoma.
ENHANCING THE FIRST SEMESTER STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY USING INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEO
Authors: Hartatik Sri Fatmaning , Puspita Ike Dian
Published: March 2019

This one-cycle Clasroom Action Research (CAR) was intended to improve students’ speaking abilty in describing someone. This was done because the researchers’ observation during preliminary study showed that students found difficulties in delivering their thought in speaking. It was indicated by their hesitation to present their thoughts. Besides, from some students’ performance during preliminary study, the researchers found that students still found difficuties to pronounce English words. To this, instructional video implementation was selected to eliminate this problem. After the plannings were implemented, the results of video implementation was reflected by reflecting the revealed scores with the criteria of success. Finally, it was found that using instructional video in teaching speaking did not only improve students’ speaking ability but also motivate students to participate actively in the teaching and learning process.
A COMPARISON OF SPEAKING SKILL BETWEEN JAVANESE L1 STUDENTS AND MADURA L1 STUDENTS AT 8TH D GRADE OF MTS NU TMI PUJON
Authors: Ratnawati Yulia
Published: March 2019

Language is one of the ways we express what in our mind is and through language we can communicate with others in our society. Based on the researcher observation at MTs NU TMI Pujon, the researcher can presume that the students of MTs NU TMI Pujon some of them has Javanese language as their mother tongue and others has Madura language as their mother tongue and they have different ability in speaking English as foreign language. Based on the test given by the researcher to some students at eight D class and analyze the data by using descriptive qualitative method, the researcher found some data. First, the researcher found that there are some differences between Javanese and Madura L1 students such as Madura L1 students got higher score in pronunciation and body language criteria, and also got higher average for all of criteria. Second, based on the data the researcher can conclude that 1ST language or mother tongue influence the students’ English speaking skill. Because, Madura language known as language that has stressing tone and intonation and most of Madura speak loudly and confidently. It makes Madura L1 students got higher score than Javanese.
The IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING READING: IMPROVING STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION IN EFL CONTEXT EMPHASIZED ON READING FLUENCY AND ACCURACY
Authors: Rochman Muhammad
Published: March 2019

Current methods for teaching reading comprehension tend to emphasize the products of comprehension and neglect the processes of comprehension. Teachers often provide insufficient opportunities for learners to practice English in teaching reading. During teaching reading in a class teachers may confuse to give exercises relate to fluency or accuracy. The correlation between fluency and reading comprehension showed a significant positive relationship between oral reading fluency and reading comprehension performance. Therefore, automaticity of decoding fluency is essential for high levels of reading achievement. Assessing reading fluency, teachers need to listen to students read aloud to make judgments about their progress in reading fluency. In other side, teaching reading in accuracy exercises encourage a thoughtful use of language and the information is intended to help students understand how English works.
BUILDING EFL STUDENTS’ SELF-CONFIDENCE, MOTIVATION, AND ABILITY IN LISTENING ENGLISH 2.0
Authors: Hastowohadi Hastowohadi , Kumaini Ruston
Published: March 2019

The study investigates the relationship among  self-confidence, motivation, and  the ability of listening skill by using using 2.0. It occured when some students getting difficulty to respond listening record,  they did not get any motivation while listening section is was tested to them, and practically they got less confidence to share their answer. I used mobile phone as a tool to transfer listening material, process  to maintain listening class more attractive to the students. It could  build up students’ self confidence, motivation, and ability in listening class. Based on the implementation of listening English 2.0, the major findings were; the students felt motivated, confidence, and built up their ability where they are correlated. They feel confidence to answer questions regarding to listening material. The students felt self confidence. These findings provide a valuable framework for lecturer/instructor in English as a Foreign Language to build up those aspects by using technology 2.0.
STUDENTS’ MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS IN WRITING ESSAY
Authors: Lestari Hernina Dewi
Published: March 2019

This study aims at discovering the possible motivational factors affecting English Department students in writing essay. Employing descriptive qualitative mode of research, the researcher tried to figure out the concerning factors especially the motivational areas which possibly became the major support and/or hindrance for the students to write essay. To meticulously note down the result, the researcher made use of unstructured interview as the method of collecting the data. The result found teacher’s overall performance, peers’ performance, parent’s involvement, and classroom ambience as the dominant motivational factors affecting students’ performance in writing essay. Future researchers are suggested to study the more specific areas of motivational factors affecting students in writing essay to get better and deeper understanding.
Philosophical Paradigm of Literary Translation: Phenomenon of Misunderstanding of ‘Other’ Word and Text
Authors: Limborskyi Ihor
Published: March 2019

The paper analyzes philosophic aspects of the translator’s misunderstanding of the original text which always reflects cultural and mental experience of the ‘other’ system of literary thinking. The translator is a mediator, who not only tries to insert a literary word and a text into ‘our’ culture, but also depicts ‘other’ reality in terms of symbols and images of the ‘other’ system of national understanding of senses. It is obvious that there are a lot of mental and semantic differences and transformations between the original text and the translation. This is a problem with a specific metaphysical status, when the misunderstanding of the original text may be caused by a number of aspects, some of which lie outside the text itself and its translation. The search for the new forms of thinking beyond the traditional stereotypes of rationality and self-evidence of “cogito” creates a new approach to the tasks and the essence of literary translation. Today one may confidently say that a new ethics, psychology and aesthetics of literary translation were born. The postmodern crisis of communication, as well as multicultural diversity and transcultural dialogue stimulated new forms and mechanisms for representing ‘other’ cultural experience (the experience of the ‘other’ / ‘alien’). 

According to the new paradigm of literary translation the translator must be focused on the philosophical aspects of the translation process. This is not only about the connection between the ‘subject’ and the ‘word’, or ‘thought’ and ‘experience’ that should have been reproduced in translation, but also about a specific metaphysical basis for the new process of thinking about a word and its role in overcoming the situation of misunderstanding of the ‘other’ literary text that presents other literary national tradition.

The author of the paper comes to the conclusion that the phenomenon of misunderstanding of the ‘other’ word and text stems from the possibility of reading and rereading the text falsely. At the same time, the ‘misunderstanding’ of the original text gives an important chance to the translator for reading and rereading the original text alternatively.
Politique Budgétaire et Emploi Public Dans les Modèles Macroéconomiques Contemporains
Authors: ZEYNELOĞLU İrem , KOENİG Gilbert
Published: March 2019

L’emploi public a suscité un intérêt croissant au cours de ces dernières années du fait de son importance par rapport à l’emploi privé dans les principaux pays de l’OCDE. Cette importance a engendré, dans certains pays développés souffrant d’un fort taux de chômage l’espoir d’une solution provenant d’une politique d’emploi public. Mais ce n’est qu’assez récemment que des contributions théoriques et empiriques ont apporté des éléments susceptibles de fonder une telle politique. Le présent article présente et commente les principaux apports qui en sont issus.Ces apports sont fournis par des modèles macroéconomiques assez différents par rapport à la structure du marché de travail. Ces modèles ont presque tous mis en évidence un effet d’éviction de l’emploi privé par l’emploi public. Par contre l’incidence nette d’une hausse de l’emploi public sur l’emploi total est incertaine, car elle dépend de nombreuses conditions de mise en œuvre de la politique. Il en est de même pour une politique de baisse de l’emploi public souvent préconisée comme solution au chômage.
Strategi Kreatif Iklan Layanan Masyarakat (Tinjauan Perancangan ILM Karya Mahasiswa DKV UDINUS)
Authors: Setiawan Agus
Published: March 2019

Keberadaan Iklan Layanan Masyarakat sendiri selalu berkembang mengikuti peradaban masyarakat, teknologi dan sosial di masyarakat. Komunikasi visual sebagai kekuataan dalam strategi penyampai pesan iklan dipandang sebagai bahasa, maka visualisasi iklan mencakup struktur tanda yang memiliki makna. Pemilihan iklan layanan masyarakat sebagai pijakan kreatif karena dalam perancangan melibatkan konsep-konsep dan strategi kreatif sehingga mampu mewujudkan karya yang memberI pesan kuat. Tujuannya strategi komunikasi visual adalah agar pesan yang disampaikan melalui beberapa media dapat menarik beberapa khalayak. Strategi kreatif dalam rancangan ini mencakup beberapa pendekatan di antaranya: pendekatan isi pesan, what to say, dan how to say. Media ditentukan berdasarkan pertimbangan media habit, efektivitas media, dan biaya relatif (efisiensi biaya). Visualisasi iklan diwujudkan dengan mengembangkan ilustrasi dan menggabungkan gambar, headline, logo, dan tagline disertai dengan layout. Media yang digunakan adalah poster, billboard, banner, kaos, iklan surat kabar, leaflet, sticker, topi, pin, tote bag dan gantungan kunci. Teknik fotografi digunakan untuk memperkuat gambar.Kata kunci: strategi, kreatif, iklan
Model Adaptasi Permainan Papan Tradisional Macanan ke dalam Perancangan Permainan Digital
Authors: Khamadi Khamadi , Senoprabowo Abi
Published: March 2019

AbstrakPermainan Macanan merupakan permainan papan tradisional yang diteliti penulis setelah Bas-basan Sepur (2013). Permainan Macanan memiliki nilai keunikan tersendiri baik di sisi budaya maupun nilai edukasinya. Salah satu yang menonjol selain bentuk permainannya adalah adanya pion Macan yang tidak dimiliki oleh permainan tradisional lain sejenis. Aturan permainan Macanan dirasa memiliki kedekatan dengan budaya gropyokan Macan yang pernah menjadi budaya di kerajaan Jawa. Begitu tingginya nilai budaya yang dimiliki tidak membuat permainan Macanan ini digemari oleh masyarakat khususnya anak-anak. Permainan Macanan telah tergeser oleh budaya lainnya, baik budaya modern maupun budaya tradisi lainnya. Penelitian ini kembali mengusulkan suatu rancangan model adaptasi permainan Macanan ke dalam permainan digital sebagai upaya pelestarian budaya permainan tradisional yang lebih dinamis. Model adaptasi ini menggunakan metode transformasi budaya tradisi ATUMICS untuk menganalisis elemen budaya permainan Macanan menurut teknik (technique), kegunaan (utility), materi (material), ikon (icon), konsep (concept), dan bentuknya (shape). Sesuai prinsip seleksi dalam proses adaptasi, selanjutnya elemen yang dapat dipertahankan akan dipadukan dalam sebuah struktur permainan digital yang menarik. Sebagai hasilnya adalah sebuah rancangan model permainan digital baru yang menarik dan tetap mempertahankan nilai budaya permainan Macanan di dalamnya.  Kata kunci: adaptasi, Macanan, permainan papan tradisional  Abstract Macanan is a traditional board game which examined by the author after Bas-basan Sepur in 2013. Macanan game has an unique value both in the culture and education values. One thing that stands out besides the arena game shape is their pawn tiger (Macan) that does not exist in the other. The game rules of Macanan perceived closeness to the Gropyokan Macan tradition that had been in Royal Javanese culture. However, it’s high culture values did not make Macanan is loved by the people, especially the children. Macanan game now displaced by other cultures, both modern culture and other cultural traditions. This study re-propose a draft model of adaptation Macanan game into the digital game as an effort to preserve traditional culture. This adaptation model using traditional cultural transformation ATUMICS to analyze the cultural elements Macanan game according to the technique (technique), utility (utility), material (material), icons (icon), concept (concept), and form (shape). Furthermore, the elements that can be maintained will be combined in a digital game structure.The result is a new model of ditigal games that attract and still maintain the culture value of Macanan game. Keywords: adaptation, Macanan, traditional board game
City of Madness: Sebuah Potret Esai Fotografi Orang Dengan Masalah Kejiwaan (ODMK) Jalanan
Authors: Wikan Daniar
Published: March 2019

AbstrakCity Of Madness: Sebuah Potret Esai Fotografi Orang Dengan Masalah Kejiwaan (ODMK) Jalanan adalah sebuah upaya dalam memotret kehidupan ODMK khususnya yang terlantar di jalanan. Fotografi potret dalam City of Madness mencoba memberi penggambaran ikonik secara detail dari ODMK yang terlantar, gambaran tersebut mulai dari mimik wajah, bentuk tubuh, cara berpakaiaan, serta ciri-ciri fisik lainnya. Dalam rangkaian karya fotografi City of Madness, fotografer memotret orang gila yang ditemui di jalan-jalan kota Semarang –Yogyakarta secara tidak terduga. Foto orang gila atau lebih tepatnya ikon orang gila dihadirkan kembali dalam sebuah frame foto jurnalistik potraiture. Foto tersebut secara tersirat merekam secara detail ciri-ciri visual yang ada dalam diri mereka. Kata kunci : Fotografi Esai, Potret, Orang Gila Jalanan  AbstractA Photographic Essay ODMK street is an effort in portraying the lives ODMK (People With Psychiatric Problems), particularly displaced in the streets. Portrait photography in the City of Madness try to give a detailed depiction of the iconic ODMK displaced, these images ranging from facial expressions, body shape, how to dress, as well as other physical characteristics. photographer portrays a madman who met in Semarang and Jogjakarta city streets. Photo madman or rather iconic madman reintroduced in a frame of photojournalism potraiture. The photos were implicitly recording visual icon of madmad. Keyword : Photographic Essay, Potraiture, Madman
Model Tranformasi Mainan Warak Ngendog sebagai Upaya Pelestarian Budaya Mainan Tradisional Kota Semarang
Authors: Senoprabowo Abi , Khamadi Khamadi
Published: March 2019

AbstrakMainan Warak Ngendog merupakan media pembelajaran orang tua kepada anak agar mereka menjaga mainan tersebut dengan cara menjalankan ibadah puasa dengan baik sehingga mendapat endog (telur). Namun, anak-anak sekarang lebih mengemari karakter-karakter seperti Doraemon dan Upin ipin yang tercermin pada jenis mainan yang dijual pada saat Dugderan. Hal ini membuat mainan Warak Ngendog semakin tergeser dan mulai dilupakan padahal di dalamnya terdapat nilai budaya, nilai moral, dan nilai keterampilan yang dapat membantu perkembangan sosial dan kecerdasan motorik, afektif serta kognitif anak. Mainan tradisional agar tetap lestari harus mampu mengikuti perkembangan zaman. Sehingga dengan memanfaatkan perkembangan IPTEK saat ini, mainan Warak Ngendog dapat ditransformasikan ke dalam bentuk mainan yang modern dengan tetap mempertahankan nilai budaya tradisinya. Penelitian ini mengusulkan tranformasi mainan tradisional Warak Ngendog melalui metode ATUMICS. Metode ATUMICS menganalisis elemen budaya menurut teknik (technique), kegunaan (utility), materi (material), ikon (icon), konsep (concept), dan bentuknya (shape). Sesuai prinsip seleksi dalam proses transformasi, elemen budaya yang dapat dipertahankan akan dipadukan dengan unsur mainan saat ini yang lebih menarik bagi anak-anak. Sebagai hasil akhirnya didapatkan model mainan modern hasil transformasi mainan tradisional Warak Ngendog seperti mainan berbentuk action figure, model kit, hingga aplikasi game. Kata kunci: budaya, mainan, transformasi, Warak Ngendog. AbstractWarak Ngendog toy is a learning media for children to carry out fast so they get endog (eggs). However, children are now more interested in characters like Doraemon and Upin Ipin which are seen in the kinds of toys sold at Dugderan. This makes Warak Ngendog toy increasingly shifted and forgotten. Whereas, there are cultural values, moral values, and skill values that can help social development and motoric, affective and cognitive intelligence of children. Traditional toys to stay sustainable must be able to keep up with the times. By utilizing the development of science and technology today, Warak Ngendog toy can be transformed into a modern toy form while maintaining its traditional cultural value. This research proposes the transformation of Warak Ngendog toy through the ATUMICS method. The ATUMICS method analyzes cultural elements according to technique, utility, material, icon, concept, and shape. In accordance with the principle of selection in the transformation process, cultural elements that can be maintained will be combined with elements of toys that are more attractive to children today. As a result, there are several modern toy models that have been transformed by the traditional Warak Ngendog toy like the action figure, model kit, and game application. Keyword: culture, toys, transformation, Warak Ngendog.
Multi-Environment Trial Analysis of Food Barley in Ethiopia Using AMMI and GGE Biplot Methods
Authors: Fana Girma , Tadese Diriba , Sebsibe Hiwot , Verma Ramesh P.S.
Published: March 2019

Food barley released varieties were tested in 2012 for performance across major environments in Ethiopia consisting of 12 varieties Diribe, Tilla, Abbay, Biftu, Defo, Dinsho, Mulu, Setegn, Misiratch, Basso, Mezezo and local checks over six locations Gergera, Estayish, Shambu, Arjo, Robe and Sinana. The objective was to determine genotype by environment interaction using AMMI and GGE biplot, compare the two models for identifying the adaptable and stable genotypes. Sinana was identified as the high yielding environment and MULU the high yielding variety with mean yields of 3466.31 and 3137.67 kg/ha, respectively. The mean yield at Estayish was lower (1535 kg/ha) than other environments whereas lower yield (2212.16 kg/ha) was also obtained from the variety DINSHO. The AMMI analysis of Variance indicated that 47% of the total sum of squares is attributed to the Environmental effect, 8% to the genotypic effect and 25% to the interaction. The first three principal components of the GEI explained 81% of the variation. Genotypes Basso, Biftu and Setegn were the most stable whereas Diribe was unstable. Variety Mulu was identified as the winner genotype by AMMI model whereas Diribe was identified as the winner by the GGE model. GGE model better explains the which-won-where scenario and hence preferred to AMMI model. The discriminating and representative view of the GGE biplot depicted that Sinana and Shambu are discriminating environments whereas Sinana, Estayish and Gergera are representative environments. Therefore, Sinana is the ideal environment for discriminating genotypes and representing other environments for selecting ideal genotypes.
Indigenous Knowledge on cultivation and consumption of Enset (Enset ventricosum) in Kercha District; West Guji Zone, Oromia Region of Ethiopia
Authors: Degefa Itefa , Dawit Esay
Published: March 2019

Enset (Enset ventricosum) is a perennial herbaceous root crop with long broad leaves and bulky pseudo-stem. It is one of the important food secure plant due to drought resisting property. This research was conducted with the objective of assessing indigenous knowledge of enset farming and its consumption experienced in Kercha district, west Guji zone, and Oromia region of Ethiopia. Four kebeles were selected purposively based on the enset vegetation coverage and 80 informants were selected by stratified sampling method. Data was collected using open questionnaires, interview and field observation and it was analyzed using SPSS software and Microsoft Excel. The present result showed that 21 enset varieties have been identified and not all of them were preferred for cultivation. Instead, farmers select and maintain these local varieties that best meet their needs using their indigenous knowledge. This selection was mostly based on the criteria farmers used to use. Accordingly, 25% of them based on resistance to pest and disease, and 22.5% of them based on maturation period are the most criteria the farmers would always consider. Although most farmers cultivate enset in the home garden, the mode cultivation was varying from highland to lowland. For example 82,.75% of respondents use mono-cropping and 17.25% of them use the intercropping system in the highland area while, in Midland areas, 86.25% of respondents use intercropping and 13.75% of them use mono-cropping mode of cultivation. However, it is used for many purposes the present result showed that enset is cultivated mainly for food as 63.75% of respondents’ feedback in the district where the corm and the pseudo-stem are the most important sources of food. The types of food from these parts are locally known ‘Kocho or Warqe’, ‘Bulla or Haruro’ and ‘Amicho or Ham'o’. From these, the major products prepared are locally known as are 'quncisa,' 'wodhamo', 'hocoqo' and 'qixa'. Hence, despite the enset has the potential for food security and income generation which is known by indigenous people, it has been cultivating by the traditional farming system. So, further investigation is required to scale up the knowledge of farmers to the modern farming system.