bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The graduate nurse experience: A New Zealand perspective
Authors: Jamieson Isabel Margaret , Sampath Kesava , Basu Arindam , Sims Deborah , Greenlees-Rae Joanna , Houston Gail
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The move from senior student to novice/advanced beginner registered nurse has been noted to be a stressful period. This longitudinal study follows the experiences of five cohorts of graduate New Zealand registered nurses throughout their first year of practice (n = 530).
Methods: Data were collected via self-report survey using the Casey-Fink Graduate Nurse Experience Survey© at three points throughout the first year of practice.
Results: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) resulted in a 5-factor solution for 24 items from section two of the survey: professional support, professional role, professional concerns, professional communication and personal stress. Most respondents (93%) were female, New Zealand Europeans (80%) working in either surgical or medical clinical areas. Professional support from preceptors and exposure to positive role models contributed to a sense of being supported for 81% of the respondents. Satisfaction with choosing the professional role of nursing remained constant with over 90% agreeing or strongly agreeing they had made the right career choice. Across time, respondents reported few professional concerns and few concerns about professional communication. Concerns about personal stress were consistent, with 50% reporting stress related to issues such as finances, childcare and job performance.
Conclusion: Contrary to other research, a honeymoon period was not evident (other than the initial high satisfaction with salary), rather the nurses’ satisfaction with nursing remained high throughout the year.
Influence of ground blocking on the acoustic phase variance in a turbulent
atmosphere
Authors: Ostashev Vladimir E. , Wilson D. Keith , Hart Carl R.
Published: July 2023

Sound propagation through atmospheric turbulence is important in many applications such as localization of low flying aircraft, sonic boom disturbances, and auralization of aircraft during takeoff and landing. This article extends an isotropic turbulence model in the atmospheric boundary layer to account for ground blocking of buoyancy-produced velocity fluctuations. The extended, anisotropic turbulence model is needed to correctly predict the effect of the largest velocity eddies on the statistical characteristics of sound signals. This model and geometrical acoustics are then employed to derive a closed-form expression for the variance of the phase fluctuations of a spherical sound wave for vertical and slanted propagation, without the use of the Markov approximation. A numerical analysis of this expression indicates significant anisotropy of the phase variance due to the buoyancy-produced velocity fluctuations with ground blocking such that it decreases in the vertical direction and increases in the near-horizontal directions. The newly formulated phase variance is compared with data from an outdoor experiment on vertical and slanted sound propagation. By accounting for ground blocking, much better agreement is obtained between the theoretical predictions and experimental data.
Transport and Retention of Fecal Indicator Bacteria in Unsaturated Porous Media: Effect of Transient Water Flow
Authors: Soltani Tehrani Rozita , Hornstra Luc , van Dam Jos , Cirkel Dirk Gijsbert
Published: July 2023

At managed artificial recharge sites in the Netherlands, recontamination of infiltrated water with fecal indicator bacteria has been observed. The results of this study suggest that the unsaturated zone is an important barrier between microbial contamination at the soil surface and groundwater.
Bacterial Pesticidal Protein Mpp51Aa1 Delivered via Transgenic Citrus Severely Impacts the Fecundity of Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri
Authors: Mishra Ruchir , Narayana Ravishankar , Ibanez Freddy , Achor Diann , Shilts Turksen , El-Mohtar Choaa , Orbović Vladimir , Stelinski Lukasz L. , Bonning Bryony C.
Published: July 2023

Pesticidal proteins derived from bacteria such as
Bacillus thuringiensis
are valuable tools for management of agricultural insect pests and provide a sustainable alternative to the application of chemical insecticides. However, relatively few bacterial pesticidal proteins have been used for suppression of hemipteran or sap-sucking insects such as the Asian citrus psyllid,
Diaphorina citri
.
Classification of Features across Five CURE Networks Reveals Opportunities to Improve Course Design, Instruction, and Equity
Authors: Burmeister Alita R. , Bauer Melanie , Graham Mark J.
Published: July 2023

Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) are tools used to introduce students to authentic participation in science. Several specific CUREs have been shown to benefit students’ interest and retention in the biological sciences.
pq-Duality: a Set of Simple Examples
Authors: Zakirova Z. , Lunev V. , Beloborodov N.
Published: July 2023

A series of two-particle examples of the Ruijsenaars pq-duality is considered in detail, the dual Hamiltonians are constructed. Of special interest is the case of the sinh-Gordon model.
Discharge criteria for inpatient paediatric asthma: a narrative systematic review
Authors: Sudarmana Aryanto , Lawrence Joanna , So Neda , Chen Katherine
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Criteria-led discharges (CLDs) and inpatient care pathways (ICPs) aim to standardise care and improve efficiency by allowing patients to be discharged on fulfilment of discharge criteria. This narrative systematic review aims to summarise the evidence for use of CLDs and discharge criteria in ICPs for paediatric inpatients with asthma, and summarise the evidence for each discharge criterion used.

Methods

Database search using keywords was performed using Medline, Embase and PubMed for studies published until 9 June 2022. Inclusion criteria included: paediatric patients <18 years old, admitted to hospital with asthma or wheeze and use of CLD, nurse-led discharge or ICP. Reviewers screened studies, extracted data and assessed study quality using the Quality Assessment with Diverse Studies tool. Results were tabulated. Meta-analysis was not performed due to heterogeneity of study designs and outcomes.

Results

Database search identified 2478 studies. 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. Common discharge criteria include bronchodilator frequency, oxygen saturation and respiratory assessment. Discharge criteria definitions varied between studies. Most definitions were associated with improvements in length of stay (LOS) without increasing re-presentation or readmission.

Conclusion

CLDs and ICPs in the care of paediatric inpatients with asthma are associated with improvements in LOS without increasing re-presentations or readmissions. Discharge criteria lack consensus and evidence base. Common criteria include bronchodilator frequency, oxygen saturations and respiratory assessment. This study was limited by a paucity of high-quality studies and exclusion of studies not published in English. Further research is necessary to identify optimal definitions for each discharge criterion.
Intravitreal panitumumab and myopic macular degeneration
Authors: Bikbov Mukharram M , Kazakbaeva Gyulli M , Holz Frank G , Panda-Jonas Songhomitra , Gilemzianova Leisan I , Khakimov Dinar A , Jonas Jost B
Published: July 2023

Background

In experimental studies, intravitreally applied antibodies against epidermal growth factor (EGF), EGF family members (amphiregulin, neuregulin-1, betacellulin, epigen, epiregulin) and against the EGF receptor (EGFR) were associated with a reduction in lens-induced axial elongation and decrease in physiological eye elongation in guinea pigs and in non-human primates. Here, we investigated the intraocular tolerability and safety of a fully human monoclonal IgG2-antibody against EGFR, already in clinical use in oncology, as a potential future therapeutic approach for axial elongation in adult eyes with pathological myopia.

Methods

The clinical, monocentre, open-label, multiple-dose, phase-1 study included patients with myopic macular degeneration of stage 4, who received intravitreal injections of panitumumab in various doses and in intervals ranging between 2.1 months and 6.3 months.

Results

The study included 11 patients (age:66.8±6.3 years), receiving panitumumab injections in doses of 0.6 mg (4 eyes; 1×1 injection, 3×2 injections), 1.2 mg (4 eyes; 1×1 injection, 2×2 injections, 1×3 injections) and 1.8 mg (3 eyes; 1×1 injection, 2×2 injections), respectively. None of the participants showed treatment-emergent systemic adverse events or intraocular inflammatory reactions. Best-corrected visual acuity (1.62±0.47 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) vs 1.28±0.59 logMAR; p=0.08) and intraocular pressure (13.8±2.4 mm Hg vs 14.3±2.6 mm Hg; p=0.20) remained unchanged. In nine patients with a follow-up of >3 months (mean:6.7±2.7 months), axial length did not change significantly (30.73±1.03 mm vs 30.77±1.19 mm; p=0.56).

Conclusions

In this open-labelled, phase-1 study with a mean follow-up of 6.7 months, panitumumab repeatedly administered intravitreally up to a dose of 1.8 mg was not associated with intraocular or systemic adverse effects. During the study period, axial length remained unchanged.

Trial registration number

DRKS00027302.
Associations of dietary patterns, ultra-processed food and nutrient intake with incident atrial fibrillation
Authors: Tu Samuel J , Gallagher Celine , Elliott Adrian D , Bradbury Kathryn E , Marcus Gregory M , Linz Dominik , Pitman Bradley M , Middeldorp Melissa E , Hendriks Jeroen M , Lau Dennis H , Sanders Prashanthan , Wong Christopher X
Published: July 2023

Objective

To examine the associations between specific dietary patterns and incident atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods

Using data from the UK Biobank, dietary intakes were calculated from 24-hour diet recall questionnaires. Indices representing adherence to dietary patterns (Mediterranean-style, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and plant-based diets) were scored, and ultra-processed food consumption was studied as a percentage of total food mass consumed. Incident AF hospitalisations were assessed in Cox regression models.

Results

A total of 121 300 individuals were included, with 4 579 incident AF cases over a median follow-up of 8.8 years. Adherence to Mediterranean-style or DASH diets was associated with a lower incidence of AF in minimally adjusted analyses (HR for highest vs lowest quintile 0.87 (95% CI 0.80–0.96) and HR 0.78 (95% CI 0.71–0.86), respectively). However, associations were no longer significant after accounting for lifestyle factors (HR 0.95 (95% CI 0.87–1.04) and 0.94 (95% CI 0.86–1.04) respectively), with adjustment for body mass index responsible for approximately three-quarters of the effect size attenuation. Plant-based diets were not associated with AF risk in any models. Greatest ultra-processed food consumption was associated with a significant increase in AF risk even in fully adjusted models (HR 1.13 (95% CI 1.02–1.24)), and a 10% increase in absolute intake of ultra-processed food was associated with a 5% increase in AF risk (HR 1.05 (95% CI 1.01–1.08)).

Conclusion

With the possible exception of reducing ultra-processed food consumption, these findings suggest that attention to other modifiable risk factors, particularly obesity, may be more important than specific dietary patterns for the primary prevention of AF.
Non-COVID-19 cardiovascular pathology from return-to-play screening in college athletes after COVID-19
Authors: Klein Christian F , Petek Bradley J , Moulson Nathaniel , Baggish Aaron L , Churchill Timothy W , Harmon Kimberly G , Kliethermes Stephanie A , Patel Manesh R , Drezner Jonathan A
Published: July 2023

Objective

Concerns for cardiac involvement after SARS-CoV-2 infection led to widespread cardiac testing in athletes. We examined incidental non-COVID-19 cardiovascular pathology in college athletes undergoing postinfection return-to-play screening.

Methods

The Outcomes Registry for Cardiac Conditions in Athletes was a nationwide prospective multicentre observational cohort study that captured testing and outcomes data from 45 institutions (September 2020–June 2021). Athletes with an ECG and transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) and no pre-existing conditions were included. Findings were defined as major (associated with sudden cardiac death or requiring intervention), minor (warrants surveillance), incidental (no follow-up needed) or uncertain significance (abnormal with subsequent normal testing).

Results

Athletes with both ECG and TTE (n=2900, mean age 20±1, 32% female, 27% black) were included. 35 (1.2%) had ECG abnormalities. Of these, 2 (5.7%) had TTE abnormalities indicating cardiomyopathy (hypertrophic-1, dilated-1), and 1 with normal TTE had atrial fibrillation. Of 2865 (98.8%) athletes with a normal ECG, 54 (1.9%) had TTE abnormalities: 3 (5.6%) with aortic root dilatation ≥40 mm, 15 (27.8%) with minor abnormalities, 25 (46.3%) with incidental findings and 11 (20.4%) with findings of uncertain significance. Overall, 6 (0.2%) athletes had major conditions; however, coronary anatomy and aortic dimensions were inconsistently reported and pathology may have been missed.

Conclusion

Major non-COVID-19 cardiovascular pathology was identified in 1/500 college athletes undergoing return-to-play screening. In athletes without ECG abnormalities, TTE’s added value was limited to pathological aortic root dilatation in 1/1000 athletes and minor abnormalities warranting surveillance in 1/160 athletes. Two-thirds of findings were incidental or of uncertain significance.
IgG4-related hypertrophic pachymeningitis with chronic subdural haematoma
Authors: Lichtblau Nicole , Aliaga-Arias Jahard , Kalaitzoglou Dimitrios , Bodi Istvan , Ashkan Keyoumars , Bhangoo Ranj , Vergani Francesco , Joe Dorothy , Stanton Biba , Galloway James , Carlton-Jones Lalani , Lavrador Jose Pedro
Published: July 2023

Hypertrophic pachymeningitis is a rare disorder of the dura mater of the spine or brain. It can be caused by inflammatory, infective or neoplastic conditions or can be idiopathic. We report a man with hypertrophic pachymeningitis and bilateral chronic subdural haematoma caused by IgG4-related disease. We highlight the diagnostic challenges and discuss possible underlying mechanisms of subdural haematoma formation in inflammatory conditions. Isolated IgG4-related hypertrophic pachymeningitis with chronic subdural haematoma is very rare; previously reported cases have suggested a possible predilection for men in their sixth decade, presenting with headache as the dominant symptom. Given the rarity and complexity of the condition, it should be managed in a multidisciplinary team setting.
The Northwest Territories Thermokarst Mapping Collective: A northern-driven mapping collaborative toward understanding the effects of permafrost thaw
Authors: Kokelj S.V. , Gingras-Hill Tristan , Daly Seamus V , Morse Peter , Wolfe Stephen , Rudy Ashley C.A. , van der Sluijs Jurjen , Weiss Niels , O'Neill Brendan , Baltzer Jennifer , Lantz Trevor C , Gibson Carolyn , Cazon Dieter , Fraser Robert H. , Froese Duane G , Giff Garfield , Klengenberg Charles , Lamoureux Scott F. , Quinton William , Turetsky Merritt R , Chiasson Alexandre , Ferguson Celtie , Newton Mike , Pope Mike , Paul Jason A , Wilson Alice , Young Joseph
Published: July 2023

This paper documents the first comprehensive inventory of thermokarst and thaw-sensitive terrain indicators for a 2 million km2 region of northwestern Canada. This is accomplished through the Thermokarst Mapping Collective (TMC), a research collaborative to systematically inventory indicators of permafrost thaw sensitivity by mapping and aerial assessments across the Northwest Territories (NT), Canada. The increase in NT-based permafrost capacity has fostered science leadership and collaboration with government, academic, and community researchers to enable project implementation. Ongoing communications and outreach have informed study design and strengthened Indigenous and stakeholder relationships. Documentation of theme-based methods supported mapper training, and flexible data infrastructure facilitated progress by Canada-wide researchers throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The TMC inventory of thermokarst and thaw-sensitive landforms agree well with fine-scale empirical mapping (69% to 84% accuracy) and aerial inventory (74% to 96% accuracy) datasets. National- and circumpolar-scale modelling of sensitive permafrost terrain contrasts significantly with TMC outputs, highlighting their limitations and the value of empirically-based mapping approaches. We demonstrate that the multi-parameter TMC outputs support a holistic understanding and refined depictions of permafrost terrain sensitivity, provide novel opportunities for syntheses, and inform future modelling approaches, which are urgently required to comprehend better what permafrost thaw means for Canada’s North.
Creep failure characteristics and characterization of constitutive behaviors of jointed sandstone under multi-level loading of seepage pressure
Authors: Zhang Deng , Zhang Liming , Liu Yan , Wang Zaiquan , Zhang Faxing
Published: July 2023

To study creep failure behaviors of jointed rock mass with seepage pressure as the main damage driving force, creep tests under multi-level loading of seepage pressure were conducted on sandstone with different joint dip angles. In addition, a memory-dependent nonlinear seepage–creep model was established for jointed sandstone. The results show that jointed sandstone experiences three creep stages (initial, steady-state, and accelerated creep stages) in creep tests under multi-level loading paths of seepage pressure. Jointed sandstone with joint dip angles of 30° and 60° undergoes shear failure, while that with the joint dip angle of 45° is subject to tensile–shear failure. Under the same seepage pressure, the sandstone with the joint dip angle of 45° has a greater creep rate in the steady-state creep stage than that with joint dip angles of 30° and 60°. In the volumetric compression stage, the permeability increases at the instant of applying each level of seepage pressure, followed by gradual reduction and stabilization of permeability. In the volumetric dilation stage, the permeability gradually rises. The theory of memory-dependent derivative reflecting the time memory effect was introduced to establish the memory-dependent nonlinear viscoelastic–plastic seepage–creep model for jointed sandstone. The results obtained using the theoretical model conform to the test data. Moreover, the creep failure criterion of the rock was proposed. The creep acceleration starts to increase from 0 and the critical steady state transitions to a non-steady state, suggesting that the rock will soon be damaged. The calculation formula for critical time corresponding to the critical steady state of creep was also deduced. The critical time to onset of creep can serve as an early warning of the creep failure of rocks.
Carbon sequestration in Canada's croplands: a review of multiple disciplines influencing the science–policy interface
Authors: Ashton Lisa , Lieberman Hannah P. , Morrison Callum , Samson Marie-Élise
Published: July 2023

A widely considered climate change mitigation strategy in agriculture is enhancing soil carbon (C) sequestration—the process of capturing atmospheric carbon dioxide and storing it in the soil. By adopting natural climate solutions (NCS) such as cover crops, reduced tillage, and diverse crop rotations, farmers can increase soil C sequestration and co-benefits such as improved biodiversity. Canada is increasingly interested in better positioning farmers to adopt NCS via government cost-share programs, ecosystem marketplaces, and outreach and education initiatives. Given the policy and market-driven interest in soil C sequestration in agriculture, there is a need to advance the science–policy interface, ensuring foundational science, NCS implementation, and approaches to promote NCS are aligned. Herein, the objective is to present insights from multiple disciplines that can help build connections between soil C sequestration science and policy relevant to Canada's croplands. The method is a review of literature on soil and pedoclimate science, agricultural NCS adoption, agricultural NCS governance, and science–policy interfaces to achieve this objective. From this review, key insights underline that Canadian cropland soils do not have a homogenous history in NCS adoption and production type, nor are all regions influenced by the same contextual factors, have the same potential in C storage, or exist within the same agri-environmental conditions. Therefore, it is emphasized herein that policies that aim to enhance soil organic C in croplands should consider local context and C sequestration potential. Policies and programs implemented locally to enhance C sequestration across Canada should be complemented by nationally scalable measuring and monitoring to ensure outcomes are accounted for against climate goals. This review aims to contribute to building a common understanding of soil C sequestration in Canada's croplands and its science–policy interface. Efforts to further strengthen the science–policy interface for soil C sequestration in Canada's croplands might include greater integration and utilization of science and data from multiple disciplines, co-design and collaborative opportunities, and establishing on-the-ground test projects to explore innovation in policy and market design.
A combination of optimized threshold and deep learning-based approach to improve malaria detection and segmentation on PlasmoID dataset
Authors: Nugroho Hanung Adi , Nurfauzi Rizki
Published: July 2023

Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease transmitted to humans by infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial to reduce the high mortality rate of the disease, especially in eastern Indonesia, where limited health facilities and resources contribute to the effortless spread of the disease. In rural areas, the lack of trained parasitologists presents a significant challenge. To address this issue, a computer-aided detection (CAD) system for malaria is needed to support parasitologists in evaluating hundreds of blood smear slides every month. This study proposes a hybrid automated malaria parasite detection and segmentation method using image processing and deep learning techniques. First, an optimized double-Otsu method is proposed to generate malaria parasite patch candidates. Then, deep learning approaches are applied to recognize and segment the parasites. The proposed method is evaluated on the PlasmoID dataset, which consists of 468 malaria-infected microscopic images containing 691 malaria parasites from Indonesia. The results demonstrate that our proposed approach achieved an F1-score of 0.91 in parasite detection. Additionally, it achieved better performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score for parasite segmentation compared to original semantic segmentation methods. These findings highlight the potential of this study to be implemented in CAD malaria detection, which could significantly improve malaria diagnosis in resource-limited areas.
Completely Reachable Automata: An Interplay Between Automata, Graphs, and Trees
Authors: Bondar Eugenija A. , Casas David , Volkov Mikhail V.
Published: July 2023

A deterministic finite automaton in which every non-empty set of states occurs as the image of the whole state set under the action of a suitable input word is called completely reachable. We characterize such automata in terms of graphs and trees.
Pressure-modulated electronic and optical properties, and high thermoelectric performance of a new lead-free double perovskite Rb2KBiCl6
Authors: Pang Yang Yang , Yang Xiaoxi , Wang Jiarun , Li Dan , Liang Chunjun
Published: July 2023

It has become a priority of physics, chemistry, and material science to find new perovskite materials with environmentally friendly, excellent photoelectric properties and stable structures. This paper reports the design of lead-free double perovskite Rb2KBiCl6 and the effects of pressure on its structural, electronic, and optical properties. Also, its thermoelectric (TE) properties were systematically studied using a first-principles calculation based on density functional theory (DFT). It is found that Rb2KBiCl6 exhibits significant optical absorption in the ultraviolet range and that the band gap is an ideal choice for series photovoltaic applications and for use in wide-band-gap photovoltaic materials. At the same time, Rb2KBiCl6 shows excellent TE properties. In addition, the research results suggest a new way to adjust the crystal structure, optical band gap, and electronic structure of such materials.
The k-Total-Proper Index of Graphs
Authors: Ma Yingbin , Zhang Hui
Published: July 2023

Given a set [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], a tree [Formula: see text] is considered as a total proper [Formula: see text]-tree or a total proper tree connecting [Formula: see text] if any two adjacent or incident elements of edges and [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] differ in color. Let [Formula: see text] be a connected graph of order [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] be an integer with [Formula: see text]. A total-colored graph is total proper[Formula: see text]-tree connected if for every set [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] vertices, there exists a total proper [Formula: see text]-tree in [Formula: see text]. The [Formula: see text]-total-proper index of [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text], is the minimum number of colors required to make [Formula: see text] total proper [Formula: see text]-tree connected. In this paper, we first investigate the [Formula: see text]-total-proper index of some special graphs. Moreover, we characterize the graphs with [Formula: see text]-total-proper index [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively.
LRS Bianchi type-I cosmological model in f(Q,T) theory of gravity with observational constraints
Authors: Solanke Y. S. , Kale A. P. , Pawar D. D. , Dagwal V. J.
Published: July 2023

We have investigated LRS Bianchi type-I cosmological model in [Formula: see text] theory of gravity with observational constraints. In [Formula: see text] theory of gravity [Formula: see text] is non-metricity and T is a trace of energy–momentum tensor. Two different functional forms of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are considered in this work where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are model parameters. We have obtained the best-fit values of constant parameters using least square method for observational constraints using the available datasets like Hubble dataset [Formula: see text], JLA, Pantheon, etc., by applying Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) formula.
Göran Lindblad in Memoriam
Authors: Bengtsson Ingemar
Published: July 2023

This is a brief account of the life and work of Göran Lindblad.
Seismic stratigraphy of the southern Eratosthenes High, eastern Mediterranean Sea: growth, demise and deformation of three superposed carbonate platforms (Mesozoic–Cenozoic)
Authors: Burchette Trevor , Groves-Gidney Gavrielle , Karcz Kul
Published: July 2023

Interpretation of seismic data over the southeastern flank of the Eratosthenes High shows nine principal seismic stratigraphic units overlying probable faulted basement. Among these are three superposed carbonate platforms that build a stratigraphy exceeding 3000 m. Regional comparisons suggest these range in age from Jurassic to Miocene.

The Jurassic carbonate platform exhibits a layered stratigraphy and aggradational deposition style over the whole study area. A Lower Cretaceous platform subsequently developed as a linear, aggrading bank and prograded as multiple high-frequency sequences for more than 40 km into the Eratosthenes High interior, isolating an intrashelf basin that remained connected to the Levant Basin by a narrow seaway. The Jurassic platform margin was a fault-controlled, scalloped escarpment, while the mid-Cretaceous platform was strongly influenced by linear, NW–SE-orientated, fault-controlled sags.

The Miocene platform, a shoaling, ‘catch-up’ neritic shelf, was established after a hiatus during which the flat top of the Cretaceous platform lay below the photic zone. The Miocene platform surface was subsequently incised by Messinian erosional channels that fed offlapping and downstepping regressive carbonate or evaporitic shorelines which tracked Messinian sea-level fall. Updoming and segmentation of the Eratosthenes High occurred during the early Messinian prior to the emplacement of Messinian salt onto its flanks.
1DIEN: Cross-session Electrocardiogram Authentication Using 1D Integrated EfficientNet
Authors: Zhang Liping , Chen Shukai , Lin Fei , Ren Wei , Choo Kim-Kwang Raymond , Min Geyong
Published: July 2023

The potential of using electrocardiogram (ECG), an important physiological signal for humans, as a new biometric trait has been demonstrated, and ongoing efforts have focused on utilizing deep learning (e.g., 2D neural networks) to improve authentication accuracy (with some efficiency tradeoffs). In most of the existing ECG-based authentication approaches, the ECG recordings for enrollment and testing are collected within short intervals (e.g., within an hour). However, since ECG biometrics change over time, this design may decrease authentication accuracy when ECG recordings are collected weeks or even months prior. In this article, we propose 1D Integrated EfficientNet (1DIEN) to achieve cross-session ECG authentication. We adopt 1D neural networks as a lightweight alternative to 2D neural networks, and a voting scheme is designed to reduce variance and improve general authentication performance. We use three public ECG databases (i.e., an inter-session database, a mixed-session database, and an intra-session database) to evaluate our proposed 1DIEN under different authentication scenarios. The experimental results show that our approach achieves satisfactory performance for ECG authentication at a 3-month interval and is suitable for practical applications.
Optimization of Doping Concentration to Obtain High Internal Quantum Efficiency and Wavelength Stability in An InGaN/GaN Blue Light-Emitting Diode
Authors: Zarate-Galvez Sarai , Garcia-Barrientos Abel , Lastras-Martinez Luis Felipe , Cardenas-Juarez Marco , Macias-Velasquez Sharon , Filipovic Lado , Arce-Casas Armando
Published: July 2023

We conduct a comprehensive study to investigate the feasibility of achieving high internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and wavelength stability in an InGaN/GaN blue light-emitting diode (LED) through numerical simulations with different doping concentrations. To ensure accurate calculations, we emulated the structure of an LED, fabricated on freestanding GaN with low defect density, abrupt interfaces, and high-performing characteristics, which resemble ideal conditions. Our objective is to determine the optimal doping concentration of the claddings using the Quantum Drift-Diffusion (QDD) model. We tested three concentrations (

C

low

,

C

middle

,

C

h
ig
h

), and found that

C

middle

produced the highest IQE of 82.5%, the most stable wavelength

λ

ˆ

=

457.0
±
1.2

nm

in the range of (0.08–63.25) mA, an optical power of

P
=
14.76

mWs−1, and a forward voltage of

V

middle

=
3.81

V at 20 mA. We suggest that using this concentration leads to the parameters closest to those of the reference device.
CERS6-derived ceramides aggravate kidney fibrosis by inhibiting PINK1-mediated mitophagy in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Song Minkai , Li Xiaomin , Su Cailin , Yang Yanlin , Wang Kai , Liu Cuiting , Zheng Zongji , Jia Yijie , Ren Shijing , Dong Wenhui , Chen Jiaqi , Wang Ting , Liu Lerong , Guan Meiping , Zhang Chao , Xue Yaoming
Published: July 2023

This article addresses the roles of ceramide synthase 6 ( CERS6) and CERS6-derived ceramides in renal tubular epithelial cells of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) associated interstitial fibrosis. Results from knockdown of CERS6 adjusted the ceramide pool in kidney cortex and markedly protected from diabetic-induced kidney fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Mechanically, CERS6-derived ceramides might interact with PINK1 to inhibit PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and aggravate renal interstitial fibrosis in DKD.
Lysyl oxidase like-2 in fibrosis and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Poe Alan , Martinez Yus Marta , Wang Huilei , Santhanam Lakshmi
Published: July 2023

Fibrosis is an important and essential reparative response to injury that, if left uncontrolled, results in the excessive synthesis, deposition, remodeling, and stiffening of the extracellular matrix, which is deleterious to organ function. Thus, the sustained activation of enzymes that catalyze matrix remodeling and cross linking is a fundamental step in the pathology of fibrotic diseases. Recent studies have implicated the amine oxidase lysyl oxidase like-2 (LOXL2) in this process and established significantly elevated expression of LOXL2 as a key component of profibrotic conditions in several organ systems. Understanding the relationship between LOXL2 and fibrosis as well as the mechanisms behind these relationships can offer significant insights for developing novel therapies. Here, we summarize the key findings that demonstrate the link between LOXL2 and fibrosis and inflammation, examine current therapeutics targeting LOXL2 for the treatment of fibrosis, and discuss future directions for experiments and biomedical engineering.
Browning of perivascular adipose tissue prevents vascular dysfunction and reduces hypertension in angiotensin II-infused mice
Authors: Persson Patrik , Marchetti Micol , Friederich-Persson Malou
Published: July 2023

Hypertension is a world-leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature deaths. Vascular tone is in part regulated by perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) that releases pro and anticontractile factors. In hypertension, dysfunctional PVAT is observed and studies have indicated a causal relationship between dysfunctional PVAT and vascular damage in hypertension. The phenotype of PVAT on resistance vessels is primarily white adipose tissue. The present study investigates the impact of a changed phenotype, i.e., browning of PVAT, on vascular function and the development of hypertension. Browning was induced by β3-adrenergic agonist in control and angiotensin II-induced hypertensive mice. Studied parameters included blood pressure by tail-cuff plethysmography and vascular function by wire myography. Browning was confirmed through an immunohistochemical and gene analysis approach. The anticontractile effect of PVAT is lost in untreated hypertensive mice and vascular tone and blood pressure are increased. Browning of PVAT resulted in a maintained anticontractile effect, improved endothelial function, and reduced development of hypertension. Phenotype of PVAT is a major determinant of PVAT health during hypertensive conditions. Our data clearly demonstrates that browning of PVAT, i.e. changing the phenotype of PVAT, protects the vascular function and counteract the development of hypertension. This study provides novel insights into how PVAT can be protected in pathologies and thus limit the development of hypertension.
Hypertension depresses but exercise training restores both Mfsd2a expression and blood-brain barrier function within PVN capillaries
Authors: Perego Sany M. , Raquel Hiviny A. , Candido Vanessa B. , Masson Gustavo S. , Martins Mariana M. , Ceroni Alexandre , Michelini Lisete C.
Published: July 2023

Hypertension augments while exercise training corrects the increased vesicle trafficking (transcytosis) across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) within preautonomic areas and the autonomic imbalance. There is no information on a possible mechanism(s) conditioning these effects. Knowing that Mfsd2a is the major transporter of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and that Mfsd2a knockout mice exhibited leaky BBB, we sought to identify its possible involvement in hypertension- and exercise-induced transcytosis across the BBB. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar rats were submitted to treadmill training (T) or kept sedentary (S) for 4 wk. Resting hemodynamic/autonomic parameters were recorded in conscious chronically cannulated rats. BBB permeability within the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) was evaluated in anesthetized rats. Brains were harvested for Mfsd2a and caveolin-1 (an essential protein for vesicle formation) expression. SHR-S versus Wistar-S exhibited elevated arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR), increased vasomotor sympathetic activity, reduced cardiac parasympathetic activity, greater pressure variability, reduced HR variability, and depressed baroreflex control. SHR-S also showed increased BBB permeability, reduced Mfsd2a, and increased caveolin-1 expression. SHR-T versus SHR-S exhibited increased Mfsd2a density, reduced caveolin-1 protein expression, and normalized PVN BBB permeability, which were accompanied by resting bradycardia, partial AP drop, reduced sympathetic and normalized cardiac parasympathetic activity, increased HR variability, and reduced pressure variability. No changes were observed in Wistar-T versus Wistar-S. Training is an efficient tool to rescue Mfsd2a expression, which by transporting DHA into the endothelial cell reduces caveolin-1 availability and vesicles’ formation. Exercise-induced Mfsd2a normalization is an important mechanism to correct both BBB function and autonomic control in hypertensive subjects.
Satellite Imageries for Detection of Bangladesh’s Rural and Urban Areas Using YOLOv5 and CNN
Authors: Islam Mirajul , Ria Nushrat Jahan , Ani Jannatul Ferdous
Published: July 2023

In recent years, there have been significant advancements in object identification in natural photos. However, when applying natural image object recognition techniques directly to satellite images, the results are often unsatisfactory. This is primarily due to inherent disparities in the object scale and orientation caused by the omniscient viewpoint of satellite imagery. The distinguishing factors between rural and urban areas lie in the objects that cover them. Furthermore, the complex backdrop of satellite photos poses challenges in accurately extracting features, leading to the omission of small objects in many regions. The performance of object detection, which is crucial for area identification, is also affected by dense object overlap and occlusion. To address these aforementioned issues, we made modifications to the generalized one-stage detector YOLOv5, specifically tailored for satellite photos. For this research, we manually collected data from Google Earth, meticulously labeling them and subsequently verifying them with human annotators. We then preprocessed the data using computer vision techniques, such as resizing and normalization. Next, we employed YOLOv5 and transfer learning-based CNN architectures of InceptionV3, DenseNet201, and Xception to compare their performances. The goal was to accurately identify rural and urban areas from remote sensing images.
Amygdala and Insula Retraining (AIR) Significantly Reduces Fatigue and Increases Energy in People with Long COVID
Authors: Toussaint Loren L. , Bratty Alexandra J.
Published: July 2023

Long COVID affects approximately 10–30% of individuals after an acute COVID‐19 infection (Ceban, Ling, et al. 2022; Ortona and Malorni, 2022). Numerous symptoms, including extreme fatigue, can persist for months, resulting in social and economic hardship for individuals and their families (Ortona and Malorni 2022). Therefore, approaches that offer some relief from Long COVID are urgently needed. Research suggests that Long COVID symptoms are akin to those of chronic conditions, such as myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and are likely caused by inflammation and immune dysfunction (Scordo et al., 2021). Amygdala and Insula Retraining (AIR), a neuroplasticity program, has successfully alleviated chronic conditions (Gupta 2010; Sanabria‐Mazo et al. 2020; Toussaint et al. 2012). In this randomized controlled trial, AIR was tested against a structurally equivalent health and wellness intervention for its effectiveness in treating the symptom of fatigue among Long COVID sufferers. Results showed a significant decrease in participants’ fatigue and a significant increase in their energy after the 3‐month AIR intervention. Additionally, the AIR group experienced more significant outcomes than the active control group. The AIR group demonstrated a fatigue reduction effect size four times that of the active control group, and the absolute reduction in mean scores for the AIR group was more than double that of the control group. Furthermore, the AIR group showed an effect size in energy enhancement twice that of the active control group, and the absolute increase in energy mean scores for the AIR group was almost double that of the control group. These novel findings suggest AIR is a viable means of reducing fatigue and increasing energy among Long COVID patients. Limitations and future research are discussed.
Supplementary table 2 from Spectrum of Response to Platinum and PARP Inhibitors in Germline BRCA–Associated Pancreatic Cancer in the Clinical and Preclinical Setting
Authors: Stossel Chani , Raitses-Gurevich Maria , Atias Dikla , Beller Tamar , Glick Gorman Yulia , Halperin Sharon , Peer Eyal , Denroche Robert E. , Zhang Amy , Notta Faiyaz , Wilson Julie M. , O'Kane Grainne M. , Haimov Talmoud Elina , Amison Nora , Schvimer Michael , Salpeter Seth J. , Bar Vered , Zundelevich Adi , Tirosh Itay , Tal Rotem , Dinstag Gal , Kinar Yaron , Eliezer Yonatan , Ben-David Uri , Gavert Nancy S. , Straussman Ravid , Gallinger Steven J. , Berger Raanan , Golan Talia
Published: July 2023

Clinical data of analyzed BRCA PDAC patients
Supplementary figure 2 from Spectrum of Response to Platinum and PARP Inhibitors in Germline BRCA–Associated Pancreatic Cancer in the Clinical and Preclinical Setting
Authors: Stossel Chani , Raitses-Gurevich Maria , Atias Dikla , Beller Tamar , Glick Gorman Yulia , Halperin Sharon , Peer Eyal , Denroche Robert E. , Zhang Amy , Notta Faiyaz , Wilson Julie M. , O'Kane Grainne M. , Haimov Talmoud Elina , Amison Nora , Schvimer Michael , Salpeter Seth J. , Bar Vered , Zundelevich Adi , Tirosh Itay , Tal Rotem , Dinstag Gal , Kinar Yaron , Eliezer Yonatan , Ben-David Uri , Gavert Nancy S. , Straussman Ravid , Gallinger Steven J. , Berger Raanan , Golan Talia
Published: July 2023

Mechanisms of resistance in glBRCA PDAC
Supplementary figure 1 from Spectrum of Response to Platinum and PARP Inhibitors in Germline BRCA–Associated Pancreatic Cancer in the Clinical and Preclinical Setting
Authors: Stossel Chani , Raitses-Gurevich Maria , Atias Dikla , Beller Tamar , Glick Gorman Yulia , Halperin Sharon , Peer Eyal , Denroche Robert E. , Zhang Amy , Notta Faiyaz , Wilson Julie M. , O'Kane Grainne M. , Haimov Talmoud Elina , Amison Nora , Schvimer Michael , Salpeter Seth J. , Bar Vered , Zundelevich Adi , Tirosh Itay , Tal Rotem , Dinstag Gal , Kinar Yaron , Eliezer Yonatan , Ben-David Uri , Gavert Nancy S. , Straussman Ravid , Gallinger Steven J. , Berger Raanan , Golan Talia
Published: July 2023

In vivo growth kinetics and EVOC efficacy in acquired resistance model
Data from Spectrum of Response to Platinum and PARP Inhibitors in Germline BRCA–Associated Pancreatic Cancer in the Clinical and Preclinical Setting
Authors: Stossel Chani , Raitses-Gurevich Maria , Atias Dikla , Beller Tamar , Glick Gorman Yulia , Halperin Sharon , Peer Eyal , Denroche Robert E. , Zhang Amy , Notta Faiyaz , Wilson Julie M. , O'Kane Grainne M. , Haimov Talmoud Elina , Amison Nora , Schvimer Michael , Salpeter Seth J. , Bar Vered , Zundelevich Adi , Tirosh Itay , Tal Rotem , Dinstag Gal , Kinar Yaron , Eliezer Yonatan , Ben-David Uri , Gavert Nancy S. , Straussman Ravid , Gallinger Steven J. , Berger Raanan , Golan Talia
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Germline BRCA–associated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (glBRCA PDAC) tumors are susceptible to platinum and PARP inhibition. The clinical outcomes of 125 patients with glBRCA PDAC were stratified based on the spectrum of response to platinum/PARP inhibition: (i) refractory [overall survival (OS) <6 months], (ii) durable response followed by acquired resistance (OS <36 months), and (iii) long-term responders (OS >36 months). Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) were generated from 25 patients with glBRCA PDAC at different clinical time points. Response to platinum/PARP inhibition in vivo and ex vivo culture (EVOC) correlated with clinical response. We deciphered the mechanisms of resistance in glBRCA PDAC and identified homologous recombination (HR) proficiency and secondary mutations restoring partial functionality as the most dominant resistant mechanism. Yet, a subset of HR-deficient (HRD) patients demonstrated clinical resistance. Their tumors displayed basal-like molecular subtype and were more aneuploid. Tumor mutational burden was high in HRD PDAC and significantly higher in tumors with secondary mutations. Anti–PD-1 attenuated tumor growth in a novel humanized glBRCA PDAC PDX model. This work demonstrates the utility of preclinical models, including EVOC, to predict the response of glBRCA PDAC to treatment, which has the potential to inform time-sensitive medical decisions.
Significance:
glBRCA PDAC has a favorable response to platinum/PARP inhibition. However, most patients develop resistance. Additional treatment options for this unique subpopulation are needed. We generated model systems in PDXs and an ex vivo system (EVOC) that faithfully recapitulate these specific clinical scenarios as a platform to investigate the mechanisms of resistance for further drug development.
Supplemental Table 2 from Siglec-15 Promotes Evasion of Adaptive Immunity in B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Pillsbury Claire E. , Dougan Jodi , Rabe Jennifer L. , Fonseca Jairo A. , Zhou Chengjing , Evans Alyssa N. , Abukharma Hasan , Ichoku Ona , Gonzalez-Flamenco Gloria , Park Sunita I. , Aljudi Ahmed , DeRyckere Deborah , Castellino Sharon M. , Rafiq Sarwish , Langermann Solomon , Liu Linda N. , Henry Curtis J. , Porter Christopher C.
Published: July 2023

All antibodies used for flow cytometry analysis.
Supplemental Table 1 from Siglec-15 Promotes Evasion of Adaptive Immunity in B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Pillsbury Claire E. , Dougan Jodi , Rabe Jennifer L. , Fonseca Jairo A. , Zhou Chengjing , Evans Alyssa N. , Abukharma Hasan , Ichoku Ona , Gonzalez-Flamenco Gloria , Park Sunita I. , Aljudi Ahmed , DeRyckere Deborah , Castellino Sharon M. , Rafiq Sarwish , Langermann Solomon , Liu Linda N. , Henry Curtis J. , Porter Christopher C.
Published: July 2023

All gRNA, shRNA, and primer sequences for genetic modification and RT-qPCR analysis.
Supplemental Figure 5 from Siglec-15 Promotes Evasion of Adaptive Immunity in B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Pillsbury Claire E. , Dougan Jodi , Rabe Jennifer L. , Fonseca Jairo A. , Zhou Chengjing , Evans Alyssa N. , Abukharma Hasan , Ichoku Ona , Gonzalez-Flamenco Gloria , Park Sunita I. , Aljudi Ahmed , DeRyckere Deborah , Castellino Sharon M. , Rafiq Sarwish , Langermann Solomon , Liu Linda N. , Henry Curtis J. , Porter Christopher C.
Published: July 2023

Flow cytometry gating schemes.
Supplemental Figure 2 from Siglec-15 Promotes Evasion of Adaptive Immunity in B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Pillsbury Claire E. , Dougan Jodi , Rabe Jennifer L. , Fonseca Jairo A. , Zhou Chengjing , Evans Alyssa N. , Abukharma Hasan , Ichoku Ona , Gonzalez-Flamenco Gloria , Park Sunita I. , Aljudi Ahmed , DeRyckere Deborah , Castellino Sharon M. , Rafiq Sarwish , Langermann Solomon , Liu Linda N. , Henry Curtis J. , Porter Christopher C.
Published: July 2023

Sig15 is regulated by NF-κB activation in B-ALL.