The use of immunomodulators in multiple sclerosis: diagnosis, treatment and neurological examination
Authors: Martins Malaquias Délio T , Vivas Alexandre D , Beltran Paschoal Juliana F , Prezotto Elisa F , Carvalho João Victor , Lot Garcia Filipe Jabur , Felipe Parreira Ana Clara , de Souza Vitor Hugo , Morel Alineri Thalita P , Nascimento Silva Kevin do , Barros Maia Milena de , Grosso Reis Rafaela Del , Vieira Valença Pedro L , Viana Adriana F , Bezerra de Souza Thayná , Oliveira Carvalho Roselene de , Fonseca Coelho Diana B , Gallo Breno Biral , Victorello Giovana Rocha , Calheiros Júlio Elias , Nascimento Ribeiro Laura A , Benedito Rafaela Ribeiro , de Lima Bozzi Alana S , Lázaro Luan Nascimento , Zervoudakis de Castro Vithória T , R do Vale Rodrigues Ana Carolina , Passeli Bergamin Ana Carolina , Maciel Nogueira Maria Paula , Araujo Bruna Daniel , Montagnani Isabella Cordova , Seroque de Castro Giovanna , Zanella Ramponi Isabela , Pereira Lima Christopher A , Garcia André Machado , Clausson Bitolo Giovana , Alvarenga Cristiano Bento , Scarsi Aldaiana , M de O Carriço Hamilton Roberto , Batista Cordeiro Amanda Luiza , Fujishima Hiromi MK , Almeida Dias João Victor , Ferreira Neto Orseli Marques , Portellinha de Oliveira João Victor , Orasmo Carla Cristine , dos Santos Suely Fernandes , do Nascimento Rafael Pinheiro , Moriya Karen Miyamoto , Zaparoli Andreza Spinola , Francisco Strefezzi Maurício De , Occulate Liliana Martins , Morais Diniz Felix Fernando Álison , Bezerra Thiago A Rochetti 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune, demyelinating, chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in young adults. It is a complex and heterogeneous condition due to the involvement of various pathophysiological processes including inflammation, demyelination, axonal injury and repair mechanisms. These processes characterize MS as a progressive and unpredictable disease. The diagnostic definition of MS is no easy task, as there is no specific marker. Objectives: To carry out a descriptive review study on the use of immunomodulators in multiple sclerosis, from diagnosis to treatment. Material and methods: A descriptive review study was carried out on the use of immunomodulators in multiple sclerosis, from diagnosis to treatment. The studies were analyzed from February to March 2024, with a sample of 34 scientific articles analyzed. Results and discussion: The initial assessment of a patient with MS usually begins with the patient's medical history and a detailed account of the symptoms, including their onset, duration and pattern. Neurologists pay particular attention to the type of symptoms, their progression and any relapses or remissions. Conclusion: In conclusion, navigating the complexities of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) requires a comprehensive and personalized approach to diagnosis and treatment. From the intricate process of diagnosing the disease, through a combination of clinical assessments, MRI scans and other diagnostic tools, to the wide range of treatment options, including disease-modifying therapies, symptomatic treatments and lifestyle modifications, managing MS is a multifaceted endeavor.