bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Solved Homicides Using Classification Method
Authors: Zukic Lamija , Jukic Samed
Published: November 2023

Homicide rates are still high in the world and they are the worst crime in human existence. Despite all the technological advances and usage of information by various agencies, the number of homicides is not decreasing. Homicide prediction in certain countries should notably be the number one priority, which can help the government to easily identify the kind of profile they are looking for, or even help them prevent those cases. This paper compares different Machine Learning Techniques classifications of homicide prediction. Random Forest (RF), Random Tree, J48, Naive Bayes and k-Nearest-Neighbor (KNN) were tested to determine which method provides the best results in homicide prediction classification. The results of sample accuracy for all algorithms were around 99%, which clearly shows that all algorithms give great results. However, J48 is the best technique applied on the dataset, as it classified all instances correctly.
Collagenase treatment reduces the anisotropy of ultrasonic backscatter in rat myocardium by reducing collagen crosslinks
Authors: Pittman Lindsay A. , Whittaker Peter , Milne Michelle L. , Chung Charles S.
Published: November 2023

Dysregulation of collagen deposition, degradation, and crosslinking in the heart occur in response to increased physiological stress. Collagen content has been associated with ultrasonic backscatter (brightness), and we have shown that the anisotropy of backscatter can be used to measure myofiber alignment, that is, variation in the brightness of a left ventricular short‐axis ultrasound. This study investigated collagen's role in anisotropy of ultrasonic backscatter; female Sprague–Dawley rat hearts were treated with a collagenase‐containing solution, for either 10 or 30 min, or control solution for 30 min. Serial ultrasound images were acquired at 2.5‐min intervals throughout collagenase treatment. Ultrasonic backscatter was assessed from anterior and posterior walls, where collagen fibrils are predominately aligned perpendicular to the angle of insonification, and the lateral and septal walls, where collagen is predominately aligned parallel to the angle of insonification. Collagenase digestion reduced backscatter anisotropy within the myocardium. Collagen remains present in the myocardium throughout collagenase treatment, but crosslinking is altered within 10 min. These data suggest that crosslinking of collagen modulates the anisotropy of ultrasonic backscatter. An Anisotropy Index, derived from differences in backscatter from parallel and perpendicularly aligned fibers, may provide a noninvasive index to monitor the progression and state of myocardial fibrosis.
Cooling of male rat skeletal muscle during endurance‐like contraction attenuates contraction‐induced PGC‐1α mRNA expression
Authors: Hoshino Daisuke , Wada Ryota , Mori Yutaro , Takeda Reo , Nonaka Yudai , Kano Ryotaro , Takagi Ryo , Kano Yutaka
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to determine effects of cooling on contraction‐induced peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator‐1α (PGC‐1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression, phosphorylations of its related protein kinases, and metabolic responses. Male rats were separated into two groups; room temperature (RT) or ice‐treated (COLD) on the right tibialis anterior (TA). The TA was contracted isometrically using nerve electrical stimulation (1‐s stimulation × 30 contractions, with 1‐s intervals, for 10 sets with 1‐min intervals). The TA was treated before the contraction and during 1‐min intervals with an ice pack for the COLD group and a water pack at RT for the RT group. The muscle temperature of the COLD group decreased to 19.42 ± 0.44°C (p < 0.0001, −36.4%) compared with the RT group after the experimental protocol. An increase in mRNA expression level of PGC‐1α, not VEGF, after muscle contractions was significantly lower in the COLD group than in the RT group (p < 0.0001, −63.0%). An increase in phosphorylated AMP‐activated kinase (AMPK) (p = 0.0037, −28.8%) and a decrease in glycogen concentration (p = 0.0231, +106.3%) after muscle contraction were also significantly inhibited by cooling. Collectively, muscle cooling attenuated the post‐contraction increases in PGC‐1α mRNA expression coinciding with decreases in AMPK phosphorylation and glycogen degradation.
Path Constitution: Building Organizational Resilience for Sustainable Performance
Authors: Tang Gennian , Luo Wenhui , Zheng Yaping , Zhou Qunfang
Published: November 2023

Existing studies are not clear about the process of building organizational resilience that is crucial for the performance of firms. To tap into this still unexplored terrain, the aim of this qualitative study is to shed more light on how organizational resilience is built amid challenges from a perspective of path constitution. We present a single, longitudinal case study of the dynamic development of China Light & Textile Industry City Group, the leading textile trading platform operator in China. The results show that the process of organizations building resilience could be regarded as a process of organizational path constitution. Therefore, a theory model of the organizational resilience building was developed, which expanded the applicable scope of the path constitution theory. Further, this study deconstructed the mechanism of resilience building based on the interaction between opportunity space and organizational learning, which contributes to the organizational resilience literature and enriches the body of qualitative research in corporate management. Additionally, our findings provide practical implications for companies to maintain resilience and sustainable performance.
Tribological characterization of sponge gourd outer skin fiber-reinforced epoxy composite with Tamarindus indica seed filler addition using the Box–Behnken method
Authors: Arockiasamy Felix Sahayaraj , Muthukrishnan Mayakrishnan , Iyyadurai Jenish , Kaliappan Seeniappan , Lakshmaiya Natrayan , Djearamane Sinouvassane , Tey Lai-Hock , Wong Ling Shing , Kayarohanam Saminathan , Obaid Sami Al , Alfarraj Saleh , Sivakumar Subpiramaniyam
Published: November 2023

The tribological properties of the sponge gourd outer skin fiber (SGOSF)-reinforced epoxy composites filled with tamarind seed powder were investigated using a pin-on-disc dry sliding wear testing machine. The fiber and filler contents were kept constant (30 and 7.5 wt%). The fibers were treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), which increases the bonding strength that has been identified by scanning electron microscope (SEM). A filler content of 7.5 wt% has better hardness due to the embedment of filler with treated fiber and epoxy. Therefore, the SGOSFs/epoxy with 7.5 wt% tamarind filler was chosen for the study of tribological characterization. The lowest specific wear rate of 2.565 × 10−4 mm3·N m−1 was obtained using the design of expert optimization technique for the control factors such as a load of 44.99 N, a sliding distance of 1,701.39 m, and a sliding velocity of 3.36 m·s−1 using a ramp plot at the desirable level of 1. For the gripping material application, the highest coefficient of friction value of 0.51 was obtained by maintaining the specified input parameters, such as a load of 42.15 N, a sliding distance of 1,874.86 m, and a sliding velocity of 4.99 m·s−1 using a ramp plot at the desirable level of 0.927. SEM images were used to investigate the failure mechanism of the worn surfaces, which substantiates the failure of the pure matrix layer on the surface even at low load, followed by the formation of a rarely breakable adhesive layer.
Genetic diversity of broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) populations from different geographical origins assessed by ISSR markers
Authors: Duca Maria , Bivol Ina
Published: November 2023

The present study was focused on the assessment of genetic diversity in twenty-three populations of Orobanche cumana parasitizing on sunflower in Bulgaria, Turkey, Moldova and Romania using 13 ISSR markers. The obtained results on the genetic diversity parameters showed that the broomrape populations were characterised by a significant level of the intrapopulation diversity. In addition, descriptive population genetic statistics revealed that Turkish populations had a higher level of genetic diversity indices than populations from several areas of the northeast and east of the Balkan Peninsula included in Eastern Europe. The analysis of molecular variance showed that 38 % of the genetic variability was due to differences within populations, 34 % was due to differences among populations and the lowest molecular variation was among countries (28 %). According to clustering and PCA methods, Moldavian, Bulgarian and Romanian broomrapes shared more genetic traits with each other than with Turkish populations within a main gene pool. As a whole, all results of this study showed that there is a high intrapopulation diversity of the O. cumana gene pool in the Black Sea basin. From the clustering and PCA analyses, it can be concluded that the grouping of broomrape populations is partly determined by their geographical origin, as well as by the genetic differences and similarities accumulated over time, and is not related to virulence. The information obtained from this study may be highly relevant in contributing to the development of sustainable control strategies of the pathogen and breeding programmes for sunflower resistance to broomrape.
Constructing cybersecurity discourse via deconstructing legislation
Authors: Cheng Le , Qiu Jiaxuan , Yang Yi
Published: November 2023

Based on a self-built corpus of Chinese cybersecurity legislation, this study explores the construction of China’s official cybersecurity discourse via deconstructing cybersecurity legislation from the perspective of system theory. Analysis focusing on the internal features of the discourse obtains the themes, actors, and legal relations in China’s cybersecurity legislation. Among four pairs of legal relations, system theory provides an explanation for the tension between public-private legal relationship and private-private legal relationship, that is, whether the legislative system chooses to delegate network operators with administrative function depends on how the system perceives the nature of cybersecurity issues and integrate new issues into securitization process. Furthermore, the external features of legislation discourse reveal the changes in the number of all levels of cybersecurity legislation. It is found that the coupling resonance of the political system and the legal system promotes the development of relevant legislation, and facilitates the self-development legislation system to transfer from diversified legislation to unified legislation.
CFD and machine learning based hybrid model for passive dilution of helium in a top ventilated compartment
Authors: Sharma Pavan K. , Verma Vishnu , Chattopadhyay Jayanta
Published: November 2023

For hydrogen management in the containment of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs), besides the Passive autocatalytic Recombiners (PAR), the passive dilution of lighter gas plays an important role. This could be an attractive option to optimize the containment design and to estimate the extent of dilution. Passive dilution has many other applications in nuclear industry. The experimental studies of air entrainment in the upward rising helium plume and the resulting dilution of helium gas by the Canadians in terms of Volume Flow Magnification Factor (VFMF) have been utilized for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) validation. The CFD based Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) predicted values of VFMF found to be in good agreement with the test data. After FDS code validation, parametric study has been carried out to generate a data base of VFMF for range of hydrogen injection, side opening area and opening height. In present study various Machine Learning (ML) models are evaluated based on two-parameter relationship i.e. non dimensional hydrogen injection and VFMF using the CFD code generated database. The trained ML models were used for the predictions of the mass flow rate of gas entrainment (through opening) in the rising buoyant plume in terms of VFMF. The ML predictions were in good agreement with the predictions against test data. Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) based ML model found to performed best and discussed in the paper. The paper highlights details of methodology of numerical simulation, results of the CFD studies and machine learning based predictions.
In stile italiano
Authors: Mendívil Julio
Published: November 2023

This paper surveys cover versions of Italian hits in Spanish and German. Using autoethnographic methods, it offers a retrospective examination of the 1970s and 1980s in Latin America and Germany, reflecting on the influence of Italian artists on the Latin American and German Schlager music scenes.
Signorie e monasteri nella Sicilia normanna
Authors: Mursia Antonio
Published: November 2023

This essay reflects on the role of monasteries in the process of defining the structure of the aristocracy in Norman Sicily, with the aim of contributing to scholarship on this theme on the island in the 12th century. The topic is addressed starting from an analysis of the political and devotional choices made by the Aleramici, the most important Sicilian lords of the 12th century, within their domains, where they founded or restored churches and monasteries linked to the Benedictine order and to Palestinian shrines. This made it possible to examine the processes underlying the establishment of the monastery of Santa Maria di Licodia in 1143, on the initiative of Simone del Vasto. As can be deduced from the study of the privilege issued by the island lord, this foundation had a multiplicity of motivations, principally religious and devotional, but also linked to the control and management of the vast Aleramic lordship. Established as a family monastery, this cenoby was granted by Simone to the abbey of Sant’Agata in Catania, one of the most important monastic and episcopal sees of Sicily in the 12th century. The extent of the lands assigned by the Aleramico, the rights granted to goods and men, combined with the initiative shown by the priors of the monastic community of Licodia, must have allowed Santa Maria to become an abbey in the early thirteenth century. Over the following centuries, it thus became one of the most important meeting places for the Sicilian aristocratic élite.
Blood Libels between Trento and the Bodensee
Authors: Colombo Lorenzo
Published: November 2023

This article examines a little-known event that took place in 1475. This year saw a well-publicized trial at which the Jews of Trento were falsely accused of kidnapping a Christian toddler named Simon and murdering him in a religious ritual. Pope Sixtus IV, abiding by the long-standing papal tradition of defending the Jews against such accusations of ritual murder (known as blood libels), sent an apostolic commissioner to Trento to investigate the legitimacy of the proceedings opened by the local prince-bishop, Johannes Hinderbach. To defend his version of the story, namely that the Jews were responsible for the crime and that the ritual killing of Christian children was a long-established Jewish practice, Hinderbach sent the Dominican friar Heinrich Kramer von Schlettstadt (later known for his role in the development of the witch hunt) on a mission to the Bodensee region to uncover reports of previous alleged Jewish ritual murders. During his journey, Kramer managed to obtain a bundle of written notarial documents that attempt to prove the thesis of the magistrates and the bishop of Trento. Kramer’s mission is analysed by comparing the documents produced for him in southern Germany with other sources concerning the same cases and within the broader context of the blood libel of Trento.
Il destino delle opere d’arte di proprietà ebraica sotto la Repubblica Sociale Italiana
Authors: Hüls-Valenti Katharina
Published: November 2023

This paper examines the circumstances and mechanisms of the seizure of Jewish-owned artworks and valuables in Italy after the tightening of the racial laws under the Republic of Salò, focusing on Venice as an exemplary case study. Through specific instances, it illustrates the procedures for confiscating and exploiting artworks in the Venice area, highlighting the relations between the executive Fascist power and the German occupation forces. In particular, the analysis tackles the involvement of the antiquarian trade as well as the significant role of the Superintendent of Venice, Vittorio Moschini (1896–1976) in securing Jewish-owned artworks for Venetian museums. The paper concludes with comments on the need for a historical revision of the events and argues that, in light of its absence in Italy since the Washington Principles, there is an urgent need to establish provenance research in Italy.
Sul ritrovamento di alcuni documenti del processo dell’Inquisizione agli ebrei portoghesi di Ancona (1556)
Authors: Mariani Giacomo , Taraborrelli Dario
Published: November 2023

This essay offers a preliminary presentation of a newly discovered dossier of documents produced by the Roman Inquisition during the persecution of the Portuguese Jews living in Ancona in 1555–1556. The essay contextualizes the documents within the archive that currently holds them and attempts to explain how they ended up in Ravenna; it also identifies some of the most striking novelties contributed by these recently found documents to our knowledge of events.
Neural Representations of Post-Decision Accuracy and Reward Expectation in the Caudate Nucleus and Frontal Eye Field
Authors: Fan Yunshu , Doi Takahiro , Gold Joshua I. , Ding Long
Published: November 2023

Performance monitoring that supports ongoing behavioral adjustments is often examined in the context of either choice confidence for perceptual decisions (i.e., “did I get it right?”) or reward expectation for reward-based decisions (i.e., “what reward will I receive?”). However, our understanding of how the brain encodes these distinct evaluative signals remains limited because they are easily conflated, particularly in commonly used two-alternative tasks with symmetric rewards for correct choices. Previously we used a motion-discrimination task with asymmetric rewards to identify neural substrates of forming reward-biased perceptual decisions in the caudate nucleus (part of the striatum in the basal ganglia) and the frontal eye field (FEF, in prefrontal cortex). Here we leveraged this task design to partially decouple estimates of accuracy and reward expectation and examine their impacts on subsequent decisions and their representations in those two brain areas. We identified distinguishable representations of these two evaluative signals in individual caudate and FEF neurons, with regional differences in their distribution patterns and time courses. We observed that well-trained monkeys (both sexes) used both evaluative signals, infrequently but consistently, to adjust their subsequent decisions. We found further that these behavioral adjustments had reliable relationships with the neural representations of both evaluative signals in caudate, but not FEF. These results suggest that the cortico-striatal decision network may use diverse evaluative signals to monitor and adjust decision-making behaviors, adding to our understanding of the different roles that the FEF and caudate nucleus play in a diversity of decision-related computations.
Inheriting the resistance of sunflower to tribenuron methyl under insufficient humidification in the southern Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Ilchenko A. S. , Varenyk B. F. , Lamary N. P. , Karapira S. I.
Published: November 2023

Aim. This study aimed to investigate the inheritance of resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides in sunflower under conditions
of insufficient humidification in the southern Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Isolation, castration, hybridization,
herbicide application (Granstar Pro 75 % w.g., containing tribenuron methyl as the active substance (a.s.)), evaluation
of herbicide resistance, and statistical analysis of the acquired data. Results. The investigation into the inheritance of
resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides involved the utilization of both resistant (SURES-1, OS 1099 V, OS 2017 V) and
non-resistant (Od 1002 B, Od 1318 V, OS 1295 V) sunflower genotypes. Through crossing, four F1 hybrid combinations
were generated, namely OS 2017 V × OS 1099 V, SURES-1 × Od 1002 B, SURES-1 × Od 1318 V, and Od 1318
V x OS 1295 V. Subsequent treatment of F1 plants with the herbicide Granstar Pro 75 % w.g. revealed that three combinations
(OS 2017 V × OS 1099 V, SURES-1 × Od 1002 B, SURES-1 × Od 1318 V) exhibited complete resistance to
the herbicide. In the second generation, following herbicide treatment, the hybrid combinations SURES-1 × Od 1002
B and SURES-1 × Od 1318 V displayed segregation into resistant and non-resistant plants. Conversely, the plants
in the combination OS 2017 V × OS 1099 V maintained complete resistance to the herbicidal effects. Conclusions.
The investigation, conducted in the challenging climatic conditions of the southern Steppe of Ukraine, demonstrated
complete resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides in three hybrid combinations of both F1 and F2 generations. Notably,
the combination OS 2017 V × OS 1099 V exhibited uniform resistance throughout the second generation, devoid of
segregation. Moreover, the results of F2 segregation analysis in the SURES-1 × Od 1002 B and SURES-1 × Od 1318
V populations indicated that resistance to tribenuron methyl is primarily governed by the presence of a dominant gene
allele. These findings offer valuable insights for the development of sunflower hybrids with enhanced herbicide resistance,
particularly in regions with adverse climatic conditions.
A Primary Care-Based Quality Improvement Project to Reduce Asthma Emergency Department Visits
Authors: Hersey Stephen J. , Retzke Jessica , Allen Elizabeth D. , Snyder Dane , Hardy Charles , Groner Judith
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Asthma exacerbation is a common and often preventable cause of Emergency Department (ED) utilization. Children eligible for Medicaid are at increased risk of poor asthma control and subsequent ED visits. In 2010, we implemented a multicomponent longitudinal quality improvement project to improve pediatric asthma care for our primary care population, which was 90% Medicaid-eligible. Our goal was to reduce asthma-related ED visits by patients ages 2 to 18 years by 3% annually.

METHODS

The setting was a multisite large urban high-risk primary care network affiliated with a children’s hospital. We implemented 5 sequential interventions within our network of pediatric primary care centers to increase: use of asthma action plans by clinicians, primary care-based Asthma Specialty Clinic visits (extended asthma visits in the main primary care site), use of a standard asthma note at all visits, documentation of the Asthma Control Test, and step-up therapy for children with poorly controlled asthma.

RESULTS

At baseline in 2010, there were 21.7 asthma-related ED visits per 1000 patients per year. By 2019, asthma-related ED visits decreased to 14.5 per 1000 patients per year, a 33% decrease, with 2 center line shifts over time. We achieved and sustained our goal metrics for 4 of 5 key interventions.

CONCLUSIONS

We reduced ED utilization for asthma in a large, high-risk pediatric population. The interventions implemented and used over time in this project demonstrate that sustainable outcomes can be achieved in a large network of primary care clinics.
Previous Infection and Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccination in Middle- and High-School Students
Authors: Almendares Olivia M. , Ruffin Jasmine D. , Collingwood Abigail H. , Nolen Leisha D. , Lanier William A. , Dash Sarah Rebecca , Ciesla Allison Avrich , Wiegand Ryan , Tate Jacqueline E. , Kirking Hannah L.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Understanding the real-world impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mitigation measures, particularly vaccination, in children and adolescents in congregate settings remains important. We evaluated protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection using school-based testing data.

METHODS

Using data from Utah middle- and high-school students participating in school-wide antigen testing in January 2022 during omicron (BA.1) variant predominance, log binomial models were fit to estimate the protection of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

RESULTS

Among 17 910 students, median age was 16 years (range: 12–19), 16.7% had documented previous SARS-CoV-2 infection; 55.6% received 2 vaccine doses with 211 median days since the second dose; and 8.6% of students aged 16 to 19 years received 3 vaccine doses with 21 median days since the third dose. Protection from previous infection alone was 35.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.9%–52.8%) and 23.8% (95% CI: 2.1%–40.7%) for students aged 12 to 15 and 16 to 19 years, respectively. Protection from 2-dose hybrid immunity (previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination) with <180 days since the second dose was 58.7% (95% CI: 33.2%–74.4%) for students aged 12 to 15 and 54.7% (95% CI: 31.0%–70.3%) for students aged 16 to 19 years. Protection was highest (70.0%, 95% CI: 42.3%–84.5%) among students with 3-dose hybrid immunity, although confidence intervals overlap with 2-dose vaccination.

CONCLUSIONS

The estimated protection against infection was strongest for those with hybrid immunity from previous infection and recent vaccination with a third dose.
Growth and morphological characteristics of some pyrophilous discomycetes in culture
Authors: Dzhagan V. , Krupodorova T. , Atamanchuk A. , Lytvynenko Y. , Dzhagan V.
Published: November 2023

Three pyrophilous discomycetes species (Anthracobia maurilabra (Cooke) Boud., Pyronema domesticum (Sowerby) Sacc. and Tricharina praecox (P. Karst.) Dennis) have been cultivated and studied in vitro. Cultures were obtained from fresh apothecia сollected in the Holosiivskyi National Nature Park (Kyiv, Ukraine). The culture growth and morphological characteristics of the studied fungi on different media (beer wort agar, Czapek Dox agar, potato-dextrose agar) were analyzed. All investigated species can quite easily grow under laboratory conditions on different tested nutrient media. Potato-dextrose agar was the most suitable medium for the enhancement of radial growth and the best expresses all the phenotypes of the colony of studied fungi. Macro- and micromorphological descriptions of all fungal colonies and illustrations are provided. The micromorphological analysis showed that common to the mycelium of all studied species of fungi was the presence of numerous drops of oil in the hyphae, anastomoses like T. praecox, а net- like structure of A. maurilabra similar to nematode capture hook. Beside this, A. maurilabra and P. domesticum formed the sexual stage under experimental conditions. Forming fruiting bodies of A. maurilabra in culture has not been reported before. Moreover, P. domesticum was found to form abundant dark brown sclerotia on potato-dextrose agar and Czapek Dox agar. Possible pigment composition in the P. domesticum sclerotia is discussed based on the Raman spectroscopy study, performed on this genus for the first time. The established cultural characteristics can be useful for taxonomic identification of fungal species and for pure quality control of mycelial cultures during their introduction, preservation and future potential applications in biotechnological areas.
Phytochemical profiles and antimicrobial activity of the inflorescences of Sorbus domestica, S. aucuparia, and S. torminalis
Authors: Lykholat Y. V. , Khromykh N. O. , Liashenko O. V. , Sklyar T. V. , Anishchenko A. O. , Balalaiev O. K. , Holubieva T. A. , Lykholat T. Y.
Published: November 2023

The genus Sorbus L. is known for its extremely complex taxonomical relationships and health-promoting phytochemicals included in the composition of its floral constituents. The inflorescences of three Sorbus species (rowans), characterized by distinct molecular-genetic traits, were studied in order to examine the possible chemotaxonomic and antimicrobial value of their metabolites. GC–MS profiling of the hexane extracts of S. domestica, S. aucuparia, and S. torminalis inflorescences identified a total of 87 components, which represented six chemical classes (hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, fatty acid, aldehydes, and ketones) and miscellaneous minor floral constituents (1-methylinosine, 5-amino tetrazole, 1,4-dimethylbenzene, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-phenol, 3-acetoxy-7,8-epoxylanostan-11-ol, cycloeucalenol acetate, etc.). Principal component analysis (PCA) of the qualitative and quantitative heterogeneity of the floral metabolites determined 1-hentetracontanol, nonacosane, pentadecyl acrylate, 1-methylhexacosane, cycloeucalenol acetate, butyl acetate, and urs-12-ene as the main components which contributed to the differences between S. domestica, S. aucuparia and S. torminalis and resulted in the distinction between the rowan species. Disc-diffusion assays showed variability in activity of inflorescence extracts against Gram-negative (Enterobacter dissolvens, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and Gram-positive (Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Staphylococcus aureus, and S. epidermidis) bacterial and clinical fungal (Candida albicans) strains. The effect of S. torminalis was high against S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa, while it was at its lowest against clinical C. albicans strains. Inflorescences of S. domestica showed the highest inhibition of P. aeruginosa, and moderate effects against S. epidermidis and C. albicans. Inflorescences of S. aucuparia caused low to moderate growth inhibition of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, while it showed the highest effect on C. albicans. Antimicrobial properties of rowan inflorescences may be attributed to oleic, linoleic, arachidic, hexadecanoic, and pentadecanoic acids, 24-norursa-3,12-diene, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, cycloeucalenol acetate, and other compounds which have known bioactivity. These findings indicated rowan inflorescences as a rich source of valuable secondary metabolites and allow us to assume an application of the floral constituents as chemotaxonomic markers of the genus Sorbus species.
Influence of tree-crown density on dominant plant species of the herb-shrub stratum in the zone of mixed forests
Authors: Kovalenko I. , Kyrylchuk K. , Klymenko H. , Yaroshchuk S. , Yaroshchuk R. , Kovalenko N. , Skyba O.
Published: November 2023

Forest ecosystems are among the most complex and dynamic biological systems of our planet. They play an important role in sustaining biodiversity, regulating the climate, and preserving water resources. Furthermore, they serve as natural filters, improving the quality of soil and air, and also preventing erosive processes. Forests create unique conditions for life of various species of plants and animals, which contributes to maintenance of the natural biodiversity and supports the stability of the ecosystem. Likewise, forests are important for the carbon cycle. They absorb a large amount of carbon, thus hindering global warming. Therefore, forest ecosystems are of paramount ecological value and their preservation is crucial for a balanced functioning of the planet. Our studies were carried out in the forest ecosystems of the Desna-Starohutskyi National Park, which is in the Ukrainian Polissia. The materials and methods of the study included systematic collection of the data on density of tree crowns, and also records of diversity of plants of the herb-shrub stratum in the chosen forest areas. Those data were analyzed using statistical methods. The study results revealed that the crown density has a significant effect on diversity of herb-shrub plants in the lower forest strata. Increase in crown density correlated with decrease in the light availability in the herb-shrub stratum. Change in the crown density towards increase significantly altered the conditions for competition between herbaceous and shrub species. Decrease in light availability led to shift in the competition ratio between the species, promoting dominance of more shade-loving species. Increase in crown density, which often reached 100%, made the competition more severe, especially for key resources (light, water, and nutrients). Because of this, species diversity in the herb-shrub stratum of the forest ecosystems was observed to decrease, and less adapted species were extruded. In general, change in tree-crown density in the forest ecosystem had a significant effect on the dynamics of herbaceous and shrub species, changing competitive relations and the structure of those plant communities. The results we obtained expand the knowledge about interactions between crown density and the structure of herb-shrub stratum, which gives perspectives for more efficient management of forest resources, and can also improve scientific identification and implementation of measures for protection of forest ecosystems.
A perspective on nanotechnology applied to carbon capture, use and storage in the oil and gas industry
Authors: Giraldo Lady J. , Franco Camilo A. , Cortés Farid B.
Published: November 2023

La industria petrolera mundial está llamada hoy en día a realizar operaciones carbono neutrales que permitan reducir la cantidad de emisiones de CO2 actuales. Sin embargo, existen diferentes limitaciones técnico-económicas que impiden avanzar hacia tecnologías de captura, uso y almacenamiento de carbono (CCUS por sus siglas en inglés) con niveles de desarrollo (TRL por sus siglas en inglés) altos que permitan su escalamiento bajo condiciones reales. Es así que la nanotecnología ha tomado un importante protagonismo en los últimos años en el potenciamiento de diferentes procesos CCUS. En ese documento se presenta una perspectiva acerca del rol de la nanotecnología en la descarbonización de la industria petrolera, con énfasis en posibles sinergias con la industria cementera, almacenamiento inteligente de carbono, y procesos de recobro mejorado (EOR) y aumento de productividad con CO2 y/o flue gas.
Un seguimiento de los primeros cuarenta años de existencia de DYNA, revista científica e institucional de la Facultad de Minas de la Universidad Nacional – Sede Medellín, para comprender sus noventa años de existencia. Aproximación inicial al poder detrás de DYNA
Authors: Naranjo-Boza Nicolás
Published: November 2023

Inicialmente la revista DYNA fue una publicación claramente de naturaleza científica y tecnológica, así como un órgano para publicaciones de tipo institucional de la Escuela Nacional de Minas y, a partir de 1940, de la Facultad de Minas de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Medellín. Hacemos un seguimiento de las cuatro décadas iniciales de su existencia (desde sus inicios en 1933 hasta la mitad de los Setenta). Nos ajustamos a lo cronológico en nuestros acercamientos y resumimos los contenidos de cada número de la revista hasta su número 90. Limitamos unos breves comentarios a detalles específicos. Hemos algunas consideraciones acerca de diversos momentos por los cuales ha pasado la publicación de acuerdo con los directores que ha tenido. Por tanto, los editoriales –particularmente aquellos que tratan sobre DYNA– han recibido nuestra mayor atención y los citamos. En aras de no perder el punto de vista panorámico de la historia de la revista, no se hemos realizado un análisis profundo de ninguno de los artículos científicos que contiene, pues eso nos distraería de la evolución que ha tenido la revista, si la consideramos como un “organismo viviente”, el cual cambia, crece y decrece con el tiempo. Dado que la revista fue creada cuarenta y seis años después de que lo fuera la Escuela Nacional de Minas se ha proporcionado un capítulo acerca del pasado de DYNA. Fuera de incluir con nombre propio trabajos y escritores, distintos aspectos de la creación se han tenido en cuenta, tales como su formato, sus cubiertas, datos de la vida diaria de la Facultad incluidos en la revista, sus reseñas de libros, la recepción de material para la biblioteca, donaciones, costos de la revista, los homenajes hechos en ella a los más sobresalientes entre los fundadores de la Escuela de Minas, los avisos publicitarios para brindarle apoyo económico y otros datos por el estilo.
Research on the bearing capacity of foam concrete wall materials in green buildings
Authors: Li Weiwei
Published: November 2023

This study fabricated a combined wall with the help of a lightweight steel structural wall skeleton and foam concrete (FC) and designed four sets of strain experiments for walls with different FC densities and steel contents. In the displacement results, the higher the density of FC, the higher the load-bearing capacity. When the density of FC is 1000 and 1600 kg/m3, the wall will lose its load-carrying capacity after a maximum load of 80 and 90 kN, respectively. The greater the axial compression ratio of the sample, the greater the shear capacity of the combined wall. When the displacement distance is 30 mm, the maximum load is 162, 110, 94 and 85 kN when the shear span ratio is 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0, respectively, and the load-carrying capacity decreases with the increase in the shear span ratio. Moreover, compared with the shear span ratio of 1.0, the load-carrying capacity decreases by 23, 41 and 51% successively. The maximum loads of the combined walls are 88, 79, 81 and 62 kN when the densities are 800, 1000, 1200 and 1600 kg/m3, respectively, and 75, 80, 81, 94 and 101 kN when the steel content ratios are 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5%, respectively.
Apuntes sobre conceptos básicos de psicoanálisis
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Espeleta Maradei Mónica
Published: November 2023

El psicoanálisis es conocido como la primera fuerza de la psicología, ya que sus planteamientos teóricos dan cuenta de la comprensión profunda de la mente humana. Sigmund Freud es el fundador del movimiento psicoanalítico entre los años 1885 y 1939. El psicoanálisis inició como una técnica derivada de la hipnosis para tratar pacientes con histeria. A partir de la recopilación de estos casos clínicos surge la “técnica psicoanalítica”, y posteriormente se deriva una teoría de personalidad, cuyo tema principal se expone en este texto. Hablaremos de cuatro temas principales; características del psicoanálisis, la estructura mental, Ello-Yo-S. Yo, el inconsciente y las pulsiones. Explicaremos el desarrollo e instauración de la personalidad desde perspectiva del mundo interno del sujeto, a partir de las relaciones objetales, las cuales se constituyen en un proceso evolutivo afianzado por la concepción de la sexualidad infantil que se desprende de factores pulsionales innatos en el ser humano; por lo cual, el concepto de “libido” (energía sexual) juega un papel importante en dicho proceso. De igual forma se hace énfasis en la concepción subjetiva del psicoanálisis como eje fundamental de la comprensión de la psique humana.
Revolutionizing cleaning: The future of broomstick and dustpan design
Authors: Ricardo P Arciniega-Rocha , Vanessa C Erazo-Chamorro , Phetsalath Phimmavong , Szabo Gyula
Published: November 2023

In the context of increasing environmental awareness, the demand for sustainable products is on the rise. This research addresses the growing demand for sustainability by redesigning brooms and dustpans with eco-friendly materials, reducing waste and environmental impact. It emphasizes the goals of enhancing user experience, efficiency, durability, accessibility, and sustainability. A case study investigates the physical challenges faced by street sweepers and underscores the importance of anthropometric considerations in design. The resulting ergonomic redesign significantly reduces workload and musculoskeletal complaints, improving comfort and efficiency. The redesign introduces adjustable handles, lightweight materials, and a 3-in-1 brush system with eco-friendly components. The dustpan features an improved handle, an angled design for efficient debris collection, and a built-in cleaning comb. Both tools are constructed from lightweight yet durable materials and offer a foldable design for user convenience, emphasizing sustainability through eco-friendly materials. In conclusion, this holistic approach enhances the cleaning experience, promoting efficiency, user-friendliness, and environmental responsibility.
Determining IIDP Minimal Donor Criteria v1
Authors: Islet Distribution Program Integrated
Published: November 2023

This SOP defines the pancreas donor profile acceptable for use in the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) sponsored research in the Integrated Islet Distribution Program (IIDP). This SOP applies to all IIDP islet distribution centers using funds from the NIDDK to manufacture purified human pancreatic islets for basic research studies for IIDP approved investigators. The IIDP depends on the subcontracted human islet isolation centers to provide research investigators with human islets. It is the responsiblity of the human islet centers to obtain research quality pancreata from the Organ Procurement Organizations (OPO). Some criteria are stricter than those used by transplant centers for organ transplant donors. This protocol provides the inclusion and exclusion criteria in order to determine the proper parameters for research donors. The donor criteria also reflects the required 2020 testing for COVID-19. Positive testing for COVID-19, HIV, Hepatitis C, and Hepatitis B are examples of some exclusion criteria. References (attached) Assessing Solid Organ Donors and Monitoring Transplant Recipients for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Infection — U.S. Public Health Service Guideline, 2020 (Click on hyperlink pop-up) Policies - OPTN (hrsa.gov); Policy 2, 5, 11 (Click on hyperlink pop-up or pdf)
Regional Mouse Brain Analysis (Modified QUINT) v1
Authors: X. Henderson Michael
Published: November 2023

This is series of protocols that has been adapted from published and unpublished protocols broadly referred to as the QUINT workflow. Note that the original QUINT workflow was generated by Yates and colleagues, and all credit for development of these programs goes to that team. References for each software is listed below. Yates, S. C. et al. QUINT: Workflow for Quantification and Spatial Analysis of Features in Histological Images From Rodent Brain. Frontiers in neuroinformatics 13, 75, doi:10.3389/fninf.2019.00075 (2019). Puchades, M. A., Csucs, G., Ledergerber, D., Leergaard, T. B. & Bjaalie, J. G. Spatial registration of serial microscopic brain images to three-dimensional reference atlases with the QuickNII tool. PloS one 14, e0216796, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0216796 (2019). VisuAlign, RRID:SCR_017978 1.QuPath: https://qupath.github.io/ 2.QuickNII: https://www.nitrc.org/projects/quicknii (SELECT ABA Mouse Edition) 3.Visualign: https://www.nitrc.org/projects/visualign/ 4.Qmask: \\pn.vai.org\projects_secondary\henderson\NOAH\QMask-Standalone 5.Nutil: https://www.nitrc.org/projects/nutil/
RSVAB WGS and GF protocols v1
Authors: not provided miglesias
Published: November 2023

This SOP describes the procedure for generating cDNA from RSV viral nucleic acid extracts and subsequently producing amplicons tiling the viral genome using. We propose two systems for genomic characterization of RSV. First, a novel RSV amplicon-based system for WGS, and second, a method focused on obtaining the specific sequences of the main antigens, G and F.
Экологически безопасные способы использования отходов от производства гуминовых регуляторов роста
Authors:   Институт экспериментальной ботаники им. В.Ф. Купревича НАН Беларуси, Машкин И.А. , Макеенко А.А. ,   Институт Природопользования НАН Беларуси, Никодова Т.С. ,   Белорусский государственный педагогический университет им. Максима Танка
Published: November 2023

Известно, что регуляторы роста, содержащие в качестве действующего вещества гуминовые кислоты, оказывают положительное действие на физиолого-биохимические процессы в растительном организме, являясь при этом полностью экологически безопасными [1, 2]. Согласно имеющимся данным уже в 2019 г. мировой рынок гуминовых препаратов составлял не менее 980 млн. долл., а уже к 2025 году достигнет 1,38 млрд. долл., весомая доля которого приходится на Российскую Федерацию, что обусловлено наличием большого числа месторождений торфа и леонардита [3]. Однако во всем мире до сих пор не решен вопрос рационального использования отходов от производства гуминовых регуляторов роста, образующиеся при отделении целевого продукта. Данная проблема требует особого внимания, так как отходы обладают схожим с самими препаратами составом и свойствами [4]. В работе исследовано влияние отходов от производства регулятора роста «Оксигумат» (60-80 г/л действующего вещества), получаемого путем химической деструкции торфа, на рост семян и сеянцев сосны обыкновенной. Оценивались как морфобиометрические показатели, так и действие обработок на фотосинтез и болезнеустойчивость растений с помощью спектрофотометрических и кондуктометрических методов [2]. По результатам исследования видно, что наиболее эффективным оказалось замачивание семян на 24 часа в воде с добавлением отходов (4 мл/л), так как при данном способе обработки существенно повышались энергия прорастания (до 11%) и всхожесть (до 10%) посевного материала по отношению к контролю. Сеянцы с открытой и закрытой корневой системой, выращенные из обработанных семян, также отличались большей интенсивностью роста, главным образом увеличивалась длина надземной части (до 15%). На физиолого-биохимическом уровне отмечено возрастание концентрации пигментов фотосинтеза в вытяжке из свежей хвои, в особенности хлорофиллов (до 36 %), на фоне этого повышалась целостность цитоплазматических мембран клеток растений (до 70%).