bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
E-Health Ultrasonic Diagnostic Monitoring for Analysis of Cardiac Insufficiency and Neuronal Regulation in Patients with Sepsis in Emergency Department under Image Reconstruction Algorithm
Authors: Fang Zhonghua , Zhang Mao
Published: January 2022

An anisotropic diffusion filtering- (ADF-) ultrasound (ADF-U) for ultrasound reconstruction was constructed based on the ADF to explore the diagnostic application of ultrasound imaging based on electronic health (E-health) for cardiac insufficiency and neuronal regulation in patients with sepsis. The 144 patients with sepsis were divided into an experimental group (78 patients with cardiac insufficiency) and a control group (66 patients with normal cardiac function), and another 58 healthy people were included in a blank control. The ultrasound examination was performed on all patients. In addition, new ultrasound image reconstruction and diagnosis were performed based on ADF and E-health, and its reconstruction effects were compared with those of the Bilateral Filter-ultrasonic (BFU) algorithm and the Wavelet Threshold-ultrasonic (WTU) algorithm. The left and right ventricular parameters and neuropeptide levels were detected and recorded. The results show that the running time, average gradient (AG), and peak signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (PSNR) of the ADF-U algorithm were greater than those of the Bilateral Filter-ultrasonic (BFU) and Wavelet Threshold-ultrasonic (WTU), but the mean square error (MSE) was opposite (

P
<
0.05

); the left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) and the vertical distance between the mitral valve E-point to septal separation (EPSS) in the experimental group were higher than those in the control and blank group, while the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) were opposite (

P
<
0.05

); the systolic peak velocity of right ventricular free wall tricuspid annulus (Sm) and pulmonary valve blood velocity (PVBV) in the experimental group were lower than those of the control group and blank group (

P
<
0.05

); the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) of Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and Cocain and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) was higher than the mRNA IN control group and blank group (

P
<
0.05

). In short, the ADF-U algorithm proposed in this study improved the resolution, SNR, and reconstruction efficiency of E-health ultrasound images and provided an effective reference value for the diagnosis of cardiac insufficiency and neuronal adjustment analysis in patients with sepsis in the emergency department.
[Retracted] Study on Driver Gaze Characteristics in Sight Distance Limited Section of Mountain Highway Based on Visual Information
Authors: Tang Yuzhou , Peng Xiaodang , Xu Shiyong , Bai Mingju , Lin Lifang , Sun Haihan
Published: January 2022

In order to study the gaze behavior characteristics of drivers in mountainous road sections with limited sight distance, the real vehicle test is carried out by using Smart Eye Pro 5.7 noninvasive eye tracker. Combined with the sight distance change rate theory, 6 typical test representative mountainous sections are selected to study the gaze distribution law and gaze duration of drivers in different mountainous sections. The research shows that when the driver drives on the test section with the most unfavorable sight distance of 44 m, 50 m, and 56 m, the fixation characteristics of “from far to near” are significant, and the long fixation duration accounts for a large proportion of the driver. When the driver drives on the section with the most unfavorable sight distance of more than 70 m, i.e., the sight distance change rate of less than 1.33, the fixation characteristics of “from far to near” disappear. The driver’s fixation stability increases, the fixation freedom increases, and the proportion of medium and long fixation duration decreases. The data analysis provides a theoretical basis for drivers to pass safely in mountainous sections.
Dynamic Simulation Analysis of Track Tension and the Influencing Factors of Deep-Sea Tracked Mining Vehicle
Authors: Beibei Fan , Naixing Liao
Published: January 2022

The deep-sea mining miner requires good passability to operate in complex and changeable terrain environment of the seabed. Among them, the track tension is an important factor to ensure the normal running of the vehicle. Aiming at the complex track tension problem on track link, the forces on each component of the tracked system were analyzed, and the theoretical formulas of track tension were established. The theoretical estimation and dynamic simulation of track tension in uniform speed were carried out by using the multibody dynamics model of the tracked vehicle, and the rationality of the theoretical estimation formula was verified. The influencing factors of track tension also were analyzed, and the significance of each factor on track was discussed by dynamic simulation. The results provided a theoretical basis for design of tracked vehicles.
Forsythiaside A Regulates Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells by Inhibiting NOX4-Dependent ROS
Authors: Zhou Mengting , Zhao Xingtao , Liao Li , Deng Ying , Liu Meichen , Wang Jing , Xue Xinyan , Li Yunxia
Published: January 2022

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation is an important step in the process of hepatic fibrosis. NOX4 and reactive oxygen species expressed in HSCs play an important role in liver fibrosis. Forsythiaside A (FA), a phenylethanoid glycoside extracted and isolated from Forsythiae Fructus, has significant antioxidant activities. However, it is not clear whether FA can play a role in inhibiting the HSCs activation through regulating NOX4/ROS pathway. Therefore, our purpose is to explore the effect and mechanism of FA on HSCs activation to alleviate liver fibrosis. LX2 cells were activated by TGF-β1 in vitro. MTT assay and Wound Healing assay were used to investigate the effect of FA on TGF-β1-induced LX2 cell proliferation and migration. Elisa kit was used to measure the expression of MMP-1 and TIMP-1. Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to investigate the expression of fibrosis-related COLI, α-SMA, MMP-1 and TIMP-1, and inflammation-related TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. The hydroxyproline content was characterized using a biochemical kit. The mechanism of FA to inhibit HSCs activation and apoptosis was detected by DCF-DA probe, RT-qPCR, western blot and flow cytometry. NOX4 siRNA was used to futher verify the effect of FA on NOX4/ROS pathway. The results showed that FA inhibited the proliferation and migration of LX2 cells and adjusted the expression of MMP-1, TIMP-1, COLI, α-SMA, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β as well as promoted collagen metabolism to show potential in anti-hepatic fibrosis. Mechanically, FA down-regulated NOX4/ROS signaling pathway to improve oxidation imbalances, and subsequently inhibited PI3K/Akt pathway to suppress proliferation. FA also promoted the apoptosis of LX2 cells by Bax/Bcl2 pathway. Furthermore, the effects of FA on TGF-β1-induced increased ROS levels and α-SMA and COLI expression were weaken by silencing NOX4. In conclusion, FA had potential in anti-hepatic fibrosis at least in part by remolding of extracellular matrix and improving oxidation imbalances to inhibit the activation of HSCs and promote HSCs apoptosis.
Mental Health Prediction Using Machine Learning: Taxonomy, Applications, and Challenges
Authors: Chung Jetli , Teo Jason
Published: January 2022

The increase of mental health problems and the need for effective medical health care have led to an investigation of machine learning that can be applied in mental health problems. This paper presents a recent systematic review of machine learning approaches in predicting mental health problems. Furthermore, we will discuss the challenges, limitations, and future directions for the application of machine learning in the mental health field. We collect research articles and studies that are related to the machine learning approaches in predicting mental health problems by searching reliable databases. Moreover, we adhere to the PRISMA methodology in conducting this systematic review. We include a total of 30 research articles in this review after the screening and identification processes. Then, we categorize the collected research articles based on the mental health problems such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety and depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and mental health problems among children. Discussing the findings, we reflect on the challenges and limitations faced by the researchers on machine learning in mental health problems. Additionally, we provide concrete recommendations on the potential future research and development of applying machine learning in the mental health field.
Small-Molecule NSC59984 Induces Mutant p53 Degradation through a ROS-ERK2-MDM2 Axis in Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhang Shengliang , Zhou Lanlan , El-Deiry Wafik S.
Published: January 2022

Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyperstabilized mutant p53 are common in cancer. Hyperstabilized mutant p53 contributes to its gain of function (GOF) which confers resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Targeting mutant p53 degradation is a promising cancer therapeutic strategy. We used a small-molecule NSC59984 to explore elimination of mutant p53 in cancer cells, and identified an inducible ROS-ERK2-MDM2 axis as a vulnerability for induction of mutant p53 degradation in cancer cells. NSC59984 treatment promotes a constitutive phosphorylation of ERK2 via ROS in cancer cells. The NSC59984-sustained ERK2 activation is required for MDM2 phosphorylation at serine-166. NSC59984 enhances phosphorylated-MDM2 binding to mutant p53, which leads to mutant p53 ubiquitination and degradation. High cellular ROS increases the efficacy of NSC59984 targeting mutant p53 degradation and antitumor effects. Our data suggest that mutant p53 stabilization has a vulnerability under high ROS cellular conditions, which can be exploited by compounds to target mutant p53 protein degradation through the activation of a ROS-ERK2-MDM2 axis in cancer cells.

Implications:

An inducible ROS-ERK2-MDM2 axis exposes a vulnerability in mutant p53 stabilization and can be exploited by small-molecule compounds to induce mutant p53 degradation for cancer therapy.
MIRO2 Regulates Prostate Cancer Cell Growth via GCN1-Dependent Stress Signaling
Authors: Furnish Madison , Boulton Dillon P. , Genther Victoria , Grofova Denisa , Ellinwood Mitchell Lee , Romero Lina , Lucia M. Scott , Cramer Scott D. , Caino M. Cecilia
Published: January 2022

There is a continued need to identify novel therapeutic targets to prevent the mortality associated with prostate cancer. In this context, mitochondrial Rho GTPase 2 (MIRO2) mRNA was upregulated in metastatic prostate cancer compared with localized tumors, and higher MIRO2 levels were correlated with poor patient survival. Using human cell lines that represent androgen-independent or -sensitive prostate cancer, we showed that MIRO2 depletion impaired cell growth, colony formation, and tumor growth in mice. Network analysis of MIRO2′s binding partners identified metabolism and cellular responses to extracellular stimuli as top overrepresented pathways. The top hit on our screen, General Control Nonderepressible 1 (GCN1), was overexpressed in prostate cancer, and interacted with MIRO2 in prostate cancer cell lines and in primary prostate cancer cells. Functional analysis of MIRO2 mutations present in patients with prostate cancer led to the identification of MIRO2 159L, which increased GCN1 binding. Importantly, MIRO2 was necessary for efficient GCN1-mediated GCN2 kinase signaling and induction of the transcription factor activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) levels. Further, MIRO2′s effect on regulating prostate cancer cell growth was mediated by ATF4. Finally, levels of activated GCN2 and ATF4 were correlated with MIRO2 expression in prostate cancer xenografts. Both MIRO2 and activated GCN2 levels were higher in hypoxic areas of prostate cancer xenografts. Overall, we propose that targeting the MIRO2-GCN1 axis may be a valuable strategy to halt prostate cancer growth.

Implications:

MIRO2/GCN1/GCN2 constitute a novel mitochondrial signaling pathway that controls androgen-independent and androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cell growth.
The First Lady Presses for Cancer Screening to Get Back On Track
Authors: DuBois Lisa A. , DuBois Raymond N.
Published: January 2022

The First Lady of the United States, Dr. Jill Biden, visited the Hollings Cancer Center at the Medical University of South Carolina on October 25, 2021. This Commentary remarks on the administration's goal of directing public attention to cancer screening and prevention as part of an overall effort to recover ground lost in the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in underserved communities.
AnIn VivoScreen to Identify Short Peptide Mimotopes with Enhanced Antitumor Immunogenicity
Authors: He Xuedan , Zhou Shiqi , Quinn Breandan , Jahagirdar Dushyant , Ortega Joaquin , Long Mark D. , Abrams Scott I. , Lovell Jonathan F.
Published: January 2022

Tumor-associated self-antigens are potential cancer vaccine targets but suffer from limited immunogenicity. There are examples of mutated, short self-peptides inducing epitope-specific CD8+ T cells more efficiently than the wild-type epitope, but current approaches cannot yet reliably identify such epitopes, which are referred to as enhanced mimotopes (“e-mimotopes”). Here, we present a generalized strategy to develop e-mimotopes, using the tyrosinase-related protein 2 (Trp2) peptide Trp2180–188, which is a murine MHC class I (MHC-I) epitope, as a test case. Using a vaccine adjuvant that induces peptide particle formation and strong cellular responses with nanogram antigen doses, a two-step method systematically identified e-mimotope candidates with murine immunization. First, position-scanning peptide microlibraries were generated in which each position of the wild-type epitope sequence was randomized. Randomization of only one specific residue of the Trp2 epitope increased antitumor immunogenicity. Second, all 20 amino acids were individually substituted and tested at that position, enabling the identification of two e-mimotopes with single amino acid mutations. Despite similar MHC-I affinity compared with the wild-type epitope, e-mimotope immunization elicited improved Trp2-specific cytotoxic T-cell phenotypes and improved T-cell receptor affinity for both the e-mimotopes and the native epitope, resulting in better outcomes in multiple prophylactic and therapeutic tumor models. The screening method was also applied to other targets with other murine MHC-I restriction elements, including epitopes within glycoprotein 70 and Wilms' Tumor Gene 1, to identify additional e-mimotopes with enhanced potency.
Nasal Opioid Agonist Treatment in Patients with Severe Opioid Dependence: A Case Series
Authors: Vogel Marc , Köck Patrick , Strasser Johannes , Kalbermatten Christoph , Binder Hannes , Dürsteler Kenneth M. , Walter Marc , Falcato Luis , Krausz Michael , Kormann Adrian
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) is the first-line treatment for opioid dependence. Currently available OAT options comprise oral (methadone and morphine) and sublingual (buprenorphine) routes of administration. In Switzerland and some other countries, severely opioid-dependent individuals with insufficient response to oral or sublingual OAT are offered heroin-assisted treatment (HAT), which involves the provision of injected or oral medical heroin (diacetylmorphine [DAM]). However, many patients on treatment with injectable DAM (i-HAT) suffer from injection-related problems such as deteriorated vein status, ulcerations, endocarditis, and abscesses. Other patients who do not respond to oral OAT do not inject but snort opioids, and are not eligible for i-HAT. For this population, there is no other short-acting OAT with rapid onset of action available unless they switch to injecting, which is associated with higher risks. Nasal DAM (n-HAT) could be an alternative treatment option suitable for both populations of patients. Methods: We present a case series of 3 patients on i-HAT who successfully switched to n-HAT. Results/Conclusions: This is the first description of the clinical use of the nasal route of administration for HAT. n-HAT may constitute an important risk-reduced rapid-onset alternative to i-HAT. In particular, it may be suited for patients with injection-related complications, or noninjecting opioid-dependent patients failing to respond to oral OAT.
Agrobacterium radiobacter Endophthalmitis Associated with Baerveldt Tube Exposure
Authors: Rohowetz Landon J. , Patel Nimesh A. , Quan Ann V. , Fan Kenneth C. , Yannuzzi Nicolas A. , Reyes-Capó Daniela P. , Laura Diana , Ansari Zubair A. , Patel Umangi , Dubovy Sander R. , Flynn Jr. Harry W.
Published: January 2022

Agrobacterium radiobacter is a Gram-negative bacillus and a rare cause of endophthalmitis. An 85-year-male presented with late-onset endophthalmitis associated with exposure of an inferonasal Baerveldt tube. The patient was initially treated with anterior chamber paracentesis and intravitreal antibiotics. Aqueous humor culture revealed A. radiobacter resistant to cefazolin, ceftazidime, amikacin, tobramycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Subsequently, the patient underwent explantation of the glaucoma drainage implant (GDI). After initial improvement, the patient had clinical worsening and was diagnosed with recurrence. Subsequent treatment involved explantation of the second GDI in addition to pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil infusion, intraocular lens removal, and administration of intravitreal antibiotics. Visual acuity improved but remained at count fingers at 2 weeks. This is the first reported patient with A. radiobacter endophthalmitis associated with an exposed GDI. This report illustrates the resistant nature of this organism in addition to the efficacy of silicone oil administration and intraocular prosthesis explantation.
Conversion from Positive to Negative EGFR Mutation due to Clonal Selection during Long-Term Treatment with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: A Case Report
Authors: Ueda Masatomo , Namba Masashi , Tokumo Kentaro , Senoo Tadashi , Okamoto Wataru , Yamauchi Masami , Hattori Noboru , Sugiyama Kazuhiko
Published: January 2022

A 77-year-old woman with postoperative recurrent non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma, which exhibited an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) L858R mutation, was treated with gefitinib and erlotinib. Seven years after the start of treatment, the patient experienced a recurrence of malignant pleural effusion. However, 3 different genetic tests revealed that the lung adenocarcinoma cells in the pleural effusion had lost EGFR L858R mutation, suggesting that long-term treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) converted EGFR mutation from positive to negative. The negative conversion of EGFR mutation as a mechanism of acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs is considered rare and needs to be further investigated.
Bilateral Isolated Spherophakia in Two Young East European Siblings: A Case Report
Authors: Babighian Silvia , Bini Silvia , Galan Alessandro
Published: January 2022

A 19-year-old Caucasian woman was referred to the emergency room and thereafter to the department of ophthalmology complaining for bilateral decrease of visual acuity and severe pain. A complete ophthalmological evaluation was performed. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was LogMAR 0.3 in the right eye (RE) and LogMAR 0.5 in the left eye (LE). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was 28 and 38 mm Hg in the RE and LE, respectively. The patient showed a shallow anterior chamber and spherical equivalent refractive error −29.0 diopters (D) in the RE and −30.0 D in the LE. The diagnosis of bilateral angle closure glaucoma, secondary to highly myopic, forward dislocated lens was made, in the setting of spherophakia. The ultra-sound biomicroscopy images confirmed the diagnosis. Clear lens extraction was promptly performed with resolution of ocular hypertension and restoration of BCVA. In view of the frequent systemic association, family members also underwent ophthalmological evaluation. The 13-year-old sibling showed mild myopia and borderline IOP. He was administered topical β-blockers and observation. Genetic counseling did not reveal mutations usually associated with spherophakia or systemic conditions. This case report highlights the variable spectrum of clinical expression in spherophakia; therefore, ophthalmological treatment should be tailored according to clinical presentation. Systemic evaluation and genetic counseling are also recommended in the suspicion of spherophakia.
A interseccionalidade como base do feminismo negro
Authors: Leal Halina Macedo
Published: January 2022

A análise de processos de opressão de gênero começa a emergir nas reflexões filosóficas, seja pelo foco no funcionamento do sistema patriarcal ou pelo foco na intersecção do patriarcado com relações de dominação a partir de origens etnicorraciais. Em geral, tais reflexões buscam examinar os fundamentos dos sistemas opressivos e a reação das mulheres a tais sistemas. São localizadas diferentes formas e demandas dos movimentos feministas e os modos como estes procuram, por meio da discussão sobre gênero, fortalecer o papel social e político das mulheres. Neste contexto, o presente artigo visa examinar o lugar do  feminismo negro no debate e suas  bases de sustentação, tendo em vista as peculiaridades das necessidades das mulheres negras. Estas peculiaridades estão relacionadas à inseparabilidade estrutural entre patriarcado, sexismo, racismo esuas articulações que implicam em múltiplas situações de opressão sofridas por este grupo de mulheres. Em outras palavras, busca-se analisar a centralidade do conceito de interseccionalidade para a compreensão da atuação do feminismo negro nas reflexões filosóficas acerca da condição da mulher negra na sociedade.
Sobre o poder das mulheres no aforismo 68 de A Gaia Ciência
Authors: Delbó Adriana
Published: January 2022

Este texto está vinculado a uma investigação contemporânea dos problemas de gênero a partir de Nietzsche, visando pensar se naquilo que já está dado como mulher não há a obediência a ideais que exigem que a cada gênero seja necessário atender às amarras que significam exatamente impedimentos à criação de si. Tomando como principal referência o aforismo 68 de A Gaia Ciência, pretendo discutir as cenas e os diálogos elaborados por Nietzsche, os quais desbancam a discussão que os homens travam para a determinação das mulheres. Contrapõe-se a isso, o poder das mulheres de elaborarem-se a si mesmas. Trata-se de uma leitura que vê em Nietzsche contribuições para a análise das dicotomias de gênero como determinações daquilo que se é, e, consequentemente, a impossibilidade para que cada pessoa possa fazer-se para além do que já está autorizado pelas sociedades.
Subjetividade feminista em devir: a individualidade humana de Emma Goldman entre a filosofia e o teatro
Authors: Tokunaga Larissa Guedes
Published: January 2022

O feminismo antipredicativo de Emma Goldman incita ao cotejo de seu prisma anarquista com o de uma filosofia de ontologia radical, uma transversalidade que resgata a matriz do ideário anarquista, a saber: o indivíduo. A partir do presente artigo, pretende-se realizar um diálogo entre o conceito de “individualidade humana” propugnado por Goldman e os ideários de Max Stirner e Henrik Ibsen, leituras de cabeceira da autora. A filosofia stirneriana, ao rechaçar as mediações externas, contribuiria para a valorização do “eu” enquanto bastião da revolta contra as instituições hegemônicas, ao passo que o teatro social moderno ibseniano estimularia a anarquista a entrever na arte um instrumento de consciência voltada à autonomia da mulher, a qual passaria a questionar sua objetificação e a se autogovernar enquanto ser humano. O devir, que imprimiria a marca de incongruência em relação a quaisquer modelos programáticos de insurgência, se consubstanciaria em um feminismo antipredicativo crivado pela filosofia e teatro dessubjetivadores/subjetivadores.
Estrangeiras, prisões e identidade(s): uma reflexão a partir da lei nº 13.445, de 24 de maio de 2017
Authors: Sá Geraldo Ribeiro de
Published: January 2022

Dialoga-se com presidiárias estrangeiras mediadas por pesquisadoras(es), que lhes dão voz e outros estudiosos da população prisional. Debate-se com a Lei de Migração, Execução Penal e a Constituição Federal. Expõe-se inovação em conteúdo dos conceitos de não nacional e de estrangeira, em itálico. Observa-se predominância do tráfico de drogas, com destaque da cocaína; prevalência de jovens, mães, primárias, com emprego declarado, escolaridade e status superior à média das brasileiras presas; questões relacionadas às motivações para o crime, ao gênero, à etnia e à cor da pele.
De inventários às relações entre a prática tradicional e o uso legal de plantas medicinais em assentamentos.
Authors: Gomes Thauana Paiva de Souza , Giz Fábia , Ferrante Vera Lúcia Silveira Botta
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo é fruto do projeto “Inventariando ervas medicinais em assentamento: relações entre usos tradicionais e legais de interesse do SUS- Sistema Único de Saúde” financiado pelo Programa de Produtividade e Pesquisa, pelo Centro Universitário Estácio de Ribeirão Preto e do NUPEDOR - Núcleo de Pesquisa e Documentação Rural/UNIARA. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa ocorreu nos assentamentos Monte Alegre e Bela Vista do Chibarro, em Araraquara/SP com o objetivo de inventariar o uso popular de ervas medicinais pelos moradores segundo a RENISUS- Relação Nacional de Plantas Medicinais de Interesse ao SUS. Como metodologia, foram adotados dois momentos de trabalho: a metodologia bola de neve para identificação dos lotes participantes e, no segundo momento, visitas técnicas e observação de campo. Como resultado destacamos os inventários com as ervas produzidas nos lotes, usos e práticas de cultivo comum aos assentados, além do mapeamento dos quintais e a relação do conhecimento tradicional comparada à prática estabelecida pelo SUS. Conclui-se que a pesquisa contribuiu na busca por formação de grupos associativos para geração de trabalho e renda especialmente de mulheres e a constituição de uma OCS de um grupo de assentados e assentadas.
Migração e imagem: perspectivas teóricas da retórica visual
Authors: Coutinho Suzana Ramos
Published: January 2022

O tema da mobilidade humana tem sido uma discussão central nas Ciências Humanas. Ainda que a proliferação e aceleração de migrantes transnacionais e a questão do que eles representam para diferentes pessoas e sociedades tenha se tornado uma questão central nos últimos anos, o advento da “era das migrações” ainda se constitui um desafio para o campo das Ciências Humanas, uma vez que suscita novos problemas epistemológicos e a demanda por novas metodologias e formas de representação. A proposta aqui é discutir, a partir de elementos teóricos, como se dá a construção das retóricas visuais em torno da experiência migrante. A imagem aqui se apresenta como objeto de reflexão sobre a responsabilidade de desconstruir estereótipos, buscando novas e transformadoras formas de visibilidade que não reproduzam meramente o discurso visual do governo ou dos meios de comunicação de massa, mas “desafiar a ordem política estabelecida revelando o que propositadamente e deliberadamente escondido, articulando o que ainda não foi dito e sugerindo alternativas viáveis ao status quo” (KÖHN 2016, p. 4).
IL-1β Impacts Vascular Integrity and Lymphatic Function in the Embryonic Omentum
Authors: Menendez Matthew , Drozd Anna , Borawska Katarzyna , Chmielewska Joanna J. , Wu Meng-Ling , Griffin Courtney T.
Published: January 2022

Background:

The chromatin-remodeling enzyme BRG1 (brahma-related gene 1) regulates gene expression in a variety of rapidly differentiating cells during embryonic development. However, the critical genes that BRG1 regulates during lymphatic vascular development are unknown.

Methods:

We used genetic and imaging techniques to define the role of BRG1 in murine embryonic lymphatic development, although this approach inadvertently expanded our study to multiple interacting cell types.

Results:

We found that omental macrophages fine-tune an unexpected developmental process by which erythrocytes escaping from naturally discontinuous omental blood vessels are collected by nearby lymphatic vessels. Our data indicate that circulating fibrin(ogen) leaking from gaps in omental blood vessels can trigger inflammasome-mediated IL-1β (interleukin-1β) production and secretion from nearby macrophages. IL-1β destabilizes adherens junctions in omental blood and lymphatic vessels, contributing to both extravasation of erythrocytes and their uptake by lymphatics. BRG1 regulates IL-1β production in omental macrophages by transcriptionally suppressing the inflammasome trigger RIPK3 (receptor interacting protein kinase 3).

Conclusions:

Genetic deletion of
Brg1
in embryonic macrophages leads to excessive IL-1β production, erythrocyte leakage from blood vessels, and blood-filled lymphatics in the developing omentum. Altogether, these results highlight a novel context for epigenetically regulated crosstalk between macrophages, blood vessels, and lymphatics.
Trajectories of Blood Pressure in Midlife Women: Does Menopause Matter?
Authors: Samargandy Saad , Matthews Karen A. , Brooks Maria M. , Barinas-Mitchell Emma , Magnani Jared W. , Thurston Rebecca C. , El Khoudary Samar R.
Published: January 2022

Background:

Whether changes in blood pressure (BP) over women’s midlife are more driven by chronological aging or the menopause transition has been debated. We sought to determine whether women can be classified into distinct trajectory groups based on pattern and level of systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP, pulse pressure (PP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) over the menopause transition, and to assess whether menopause-related factors predict the group and level of BP measures.

Methods:

Participants were from the SWAN (Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation). Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify women who shared distinct BP trajectories over time relative to menopause onset and to assess associations of menopause-related factors with trajectory group and level of BP measures. An accelerated rise relative to menopause onset suggests a menopause contribution.

Results:

The study included 3302 multiracial and multiethnic women with BP measures over 17 follow-up visits (baseline age [SD]: 46.3 [2.7]). Women were classified into either low, medium, or high trajectory group in each BP measure. The low SBP, PP, and MAP trajectories (in 35%, 53%, and 28% of the cohort, respectively) were rising slowly before menopause but showed a significant accelerated rise 1 year after menopause, indicating a menopause contribution. The remaining BP trajectories were rising up until menopause and either continued with the same rise or declined after menopause. A younger menopause age predicted the low SBP, PP, and MAP trajectories. A greater follicle-stimulating hormone level predicted lower SBP and PP levels, while vasomotor symptoms occurrence predicted higher SBP, PP, and MAP levels over time. Estradiol did not predict trajectory or level of any BP measure.

Conclusions:

Distinct BP trajectories over the menopause transition exist that revealed a group of women whose SBP, PP, and MAP trajectories are consistent with a menopause contribution. Our findings support frequent monitoring of BP during the menopause transition.
Atrial Fibrillation Detected After Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Novel Clinical Concept Challenging Current Views
Authors: Sposato Luciano A. , Chaturvedi Seemant , Hsieh Cheng-Yang , Morillo Carlos A. , Kamel Hooman
Published: January 2022

Atrial fibrillation (AF) can be newly detected in approximately one-fourth of patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack without previously recognized AF. We present updated evidence supporting that AF detected after stroke or transient ischemic attack (AFDAS) may be a distinct clinical entity from AF known before stroke occurrence (known atrial fibrillation). Data suggest that AFDAS can arise from the interplay of cardiogenic and neurogenic forces. The embolic risk of AFDAS can be understood as a gradient defined by the prevalence of vascular comorbidities, the burden of AF, neurogenic autonomic changes, and the severity of atrial cardiopathy. The balance of existing data indicates that AFDAS has a lower prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities, a lower degree of cardiac abnormalities than known atrial fibrillation, a high proportion (52%) of very brief (<30 seconds) AF paroxysms, and is more frequently associated with insular brain infarction. These distinctive features of AFDAS may explain its recently observed lower associated risk of stroke than known atrial fibrillation. We present an updated ad-hoc meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials in which the association between prolonged cardiac monitoring and reduced risk of ischemic stroke was nonsignificant (incidence rate ratio, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.71–1.15]). These findings highlight that larger and sufficiently powered randomized controlled trials of prolonged cardiac monitoring assessing the risk of stroke recurrence are needed. Meanwhile, we call for further research on AFDAS and stroke recurrence, and a tailored approach when using prolonged cardiac monitoring after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, focusing on patients at higher risk of AFDAS and, more importantly, at higher risk of cardiac embolism.
Blood parasites in sympatric lizards: what is their impact on hosts’ immune system?
Authors: Damas-Moreira Isabel , Maia João P. , Tomé Beatriz , Salvi Daniele , Perera Ana , Harris D. James
Published: January 2022

Assessment of parasites and their pathogenicity is essential for studying the ecology of populations and understanding their dynamics. In this study, we investigate the prevalence and intensity of infection of haemogregarines (phylum Apicomplexa) in two sympatric lizard species, Podarcis vaucheri and Scelarcis perspicillata, across three localities in Morocco, and their effect on host immune response. We used the Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) skin testing technique to relate the level of immune response with parasite infection. Prevalence and intensity levels were estimated with microscopy, and 18S rRNA gene sequences were used to confirm parasite identity. All parasites belong to the haemogregarine lineage found in other North African reptiles. There were differences in prevalence between localities and sexes. Overall, infected lizards were larger than uninfected ones, although we did not detect differences in parasitaemia across species, sex or locality. The swelling response was not related to the presence or number of haemogregarines, or to host body size, body condition, sex or species. We found no evidence of impact for these parasites on the circulating blood cells or the hosts’ immune system, but more data is needed to assess the potential impact of mixed infections, and the possibility of cryptic parasite species.
The complete mitochondrial genomes of Notiophilus quadripunctatus Dejean, 1826 and Omophron limbatum (Fabricius, 1777): New insights into the mitogenome phylogeny of the Carabidae (Insecta, Coleoptera)
Authors: Raupach Michael J. , Deister Fabian , Villastrigo Adrián , Balke Michael
Published: January 2022

The Carabidae is by far the largest family of the Adephaga, with more than 40,000 described species. Whereas their phylogeny has been extensively studied, convergences and reversals in morphological traits prevent a robust phylogenetic concept so far. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genomes of Notiophilus quadripunctatus (Nebriinae) and Omophrom limbatum (Omophroninae) using high-throughput sequencing. Both mitogenomes consisted of a single circular DNA molecule that encoded the typical 13 protein-coding genes, two subunits of mitochondrial RNAs, 22 tRNAs and a putative control region. Our phylogenetic study placed Omophrom limbatum as sister taxon to all other analyzed ground beetle species whereas Notiophilus quadripunctatus was identified as sister to Nebria brevicollis as part of the Nebriinae. The analyses also support the monophyly of the Cicindelidae but place Trachypachus holmbergi (Trachypachidae) within the Carabidae. Nevertheless, almost all carabid subfamilies with more than one analyzed species were identified as monophyla.
Lectotypification of Andropogon grahamii (Poaceae: Andropogoneae), the basionym of Bothriochloa grahamii
Authors: LANDGE SHAHID NAWAZ , SHINDE RAJENDRA D.
Published: January 2022

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Morphology and multi-gene phylogeny reveal a new fungal genus and species from Hevea brasiliensis latex in Yunnan, China
Authors: XU RUIFANG , HYDE KEVIN D. , KARUNARATHNA SAMANTHA C. , XU JIAN-CHU , MORTIMER PETER E. , TIBPROMMA SAOWALUCK
Published: January 2022

During a survey of rubber tree plantations in Yunnan Province, China, a fungus growing on natural rubber latex was collected and isolated. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, tef-α and rpb2 genes showed the isolated taxon belongs to Wiesneriomycetaceae and was well separated from closely related genera with high statistical support. It can be differentiated from other genera in Wiesneriomycetaceae by synnemata with catenate conidia that are cylindrical, 0–4 to multi-septate, often with a dark brown band at the septa. Morphology, phylogenetic analyses and pairwise homoplasy index (PHI) tests provide evidence that the new isolate is a distinct genus. The genus Heveicola is introduced, with H. xishuangbannaensis as the type species. A key to the genera in Wiesneriomycetaceae is also provided.
Phylogenetic placement of a new Melanophilharmostes Paulian, 1968 pill scarab (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae: Ceratocanthinae) from Cameroon: molecular results decipher misleading morphology
Authors: GREBENNIKOV VASILY V.
Published: January 2022

This study targets two specimens of a morphologically highly unusual pill scarab from Cameroon. The original morphology-inspired hypothesis that these beetles represent a new genus is refuted. Instead, a phylogenetic analysis of 90 terminals and 3231 aligned DNA positions linked both specimens with the Afrotropical genus Melanophilharmostes Paulian, 1968. Both Cameroonian specimens are herein described as Melanophilharmostes tuber Grebennikov, new species. Re-evaluation of the morphological characters of this species in light of molecular results corroborated this taxonomic decision by detecting all three morphological autapomorphies of the genus: the presence of setae and horseshoe-shaped microsculpture on the dorsal body surface, as well as the presence of the lateral carina on each elytron. Except for a single representative of the genus Melanophilharmostes placed within the genus Pseudopterorthochaetes Paulian, 1977 (interpreted as an analytical artifact), both genera are sister groups, in agreement with the pre-existing morphology-based hypothesis. Both genera, together with the Malagasy/Comorian genus Synarmostes Germar, 1843 and monotypic Balleriodes Grebennikov, 2021 from Tanzania, constitute the strongly supported Synarmostes group of genera.
New species in Rejectaria Guenée (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Herminiinae) with a focus on the Cyclanthaceae-feeders
Authors: GOLDSTEIN PAUL Z. , JANZEN DANIEL H. , HALLWACHS WINNIE , PROSHEK BENJAMIN
Published: January 2022

Five species of Rejectaria Guenée, including two newly described, were reared from Asplundia utilis (Oerst.) Harling, Asplundia microphylla (Oerst.) Harling, Carludovica costaricensis (Harling) L.O. Williams, and Cyclanthus bipartitus Poit. ex A. Rich., all Cyclanthaceae, in Area Conservacion de Guanacaste (ACG), Costa Rica: R. villavicencia Dognin, 1924, R. villosa Druce, 1891, R. magas Druce, 1891, R. richardashleyi sp. n. and R. ritaashleyae sp. n.. These represent the only Noctuoidea known to feed on Cyclanthaceae. Related species with unknown foodplant associations include R. atrax Dognin, 1891, R. splendida Schaus, 1912, and R. paratrax sp. n., the last of which is described from French Guiana, Venezuela, and Panama. The nomenclatural and phylogenetic challenges within the Herminiinae and the origins of cyclanth-feeding relative to fern- and palm-feeding are discussed.
GEFSv12 Reforecast Dataset for Supporting Subseasonal and Hydrometeorological Applications
Authors: Guan Hong , Zhu Yuejian , Sinsky Eric , Fu Bing , Li Wei , Zhou Xiaqiong , Xue Xianwu , Hou Dingchen , Peng Jiayi , Nageswararao M. M. , Tallapragada Vijay , Hamill Thomas M. , Whitaker Jeffrey S. , Bates Gary , Pegion Philip , Frederick Sherrie , Rosencrans Matthew , Kumar Arun
Published: January 2022

For the newly implemented Global Ensemble Forecast System, version 12 (GEFSv12), a 31-yr (1989–2019) ensemble reforecast dataset has been generated at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). The reforecast system is based on NCEP’s Global Forecast System, version 15.1, and GEFSv12, which uses the Finite Volume 3 dynamical core. The resolution of the forecast system is ∼25 km with 64 vertical hybrid levels. The Climate Forecast System (CFS) reanalysis and GEFSv12 reanalysis serve as initial conditions for the Phase 1 (1989–99) and Phase 2 (2000–19) reforecasts, respectively. The perturbations were produced using breeding vectors and ensemble transforms with a rescaling technique for Phase 1 and ensemble Kalman filter 6-h forecasts for Phase 2. The reforecasts were initialized at 0000 (0300) UTC once per day out to 16 days with 5 ensemble members for Phase 1 (Phase 2), except on Wednesdays when the integrations were extended to 35 days with 11 members. The reforecast dataset was produced on NOAA’s Weather and Climate Operational Supercomputing System at NCEP. This study summarizes the configuration and dataset of the GEFSv12 reforecast and presents some preliminary evaluations of 500-hPa geopotential height, tropical storm track, precipitation, 2-m temperature, and MJO forecasts. The results were also compared with GEFSv10 or GEFS Subseasonal Experiment reforecasts. In addition to supporting calibration and validation for the National Water Center, NCEP Climate Prediction Center, and other National Weather Service stakeholders, this high-resolution subseasonal dataset also serves as a useful tool for the broader research community in different applications.
The Unpredictable Truth: A Proposed Road Map for a Reflect-Then-Act Approach to Climate Uncertainties and Lessons Learned from Norwegian Municipalities
Authors: Aall Carlo , Groven Kyrre
Published: January 2022

Through the years, several papers have criticized climate policy decision-making for being naïve with respect to how it views climate model outputs as objective facts and uses the outputs directly to program policies. From this and similar observations, many of the papers conclude that there is a need for shifting to a new approach on how climate policy makers may relate to climate change uncertainties. The article proposes such a shift by presenting a road map on how to address uncertainties in climate change adaptation. It consists of three major elements: first, to accept that in many cases we will not be able to reduce climate change uncertainties; second, to diversify the way in which we describe climate change uncertainties, moving from a one-dimensional technical perspective to a multidimensional perspective that applies uncertainties also to social and political processes and systems; and third, to change the way we address climate change uncertainties by moving from a predict-then-act to a reflect-then-act approach, implying that we must adapt to climate change even under high and varied forms of uncertainties. Embedded in this last point is to accept that, unlike for climate change mitigation, the precautionary principle will apply in many situations of climate change adaptation. In the last part of the article the usability of the proposed road map is demonstrated post ante on four Norwegian cases of climate-related natural hazard events.

Significance Statement

The article sums up the international policy and scientific climate change uncertainty discourses and presents a road map on how to improve the way uncertainties are addressed in local efforts of adapting to climate change. The underlying logic of the proposed road map is to expand from the so far prevailing logic of adapting only when uncertainties are low with an additional logic that is applicable in situations with high uncertainties. The road map consists of seven questions to be addressed and seven alternative adaptation options to follow. A selection of recent practical cases on local climate change adaptation efforts in Norway is then presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed road map.
Coexisting Morbidity Burden in Hospitalized Elderly Patients with New-Onset Heart Failure vs Acutely Decompensated Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Xanthopoulos Andrew , Tryposkiadis Konstantinos , Giamouzis Grigorios , Dimos Apostolos , Bourazana Angeliki , Papamichalis Michail , Zagouras Alexandros , Iakovis Nikolaos , Kitai Takeshi , Skoularigis John , Starling Randall C. , Triposkiadis Filippos
Published: January 2022

Coexisting morbidities (CM) are common in patients with heart failure (HF). This study evaluated the CM burden and its clinical significance in elderly hospitalized patients with new-onset (De-novo) HF (n = 84) and acutely decompensated chronic HF (ADCHF) (n = 122). All had HF symptoms associated with: (a) LVEF <50%, or, (b) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥50% and NT-proBNP ≥300 pg/mL. The primary endpoint was the composite of all-cause death/HF rehospitalization at 6 months. Age was similar between patients with new-onset HF and ADCHF [82 (12.5) vs 80 (11) years, respectively; P = .549]. The CM burden was high in both groups. However, the number of CM [3 (2) vs 4 (1.75)] and the prevalence of multimorbidity [CM ≥2; 65 (77.4%) vs 108 (88.5%)] were lower in new-onset HF ( P = .016 and P = .035, respectively). The survival probability without the primary endpoint was higher in new-onset HF than in ADCHF ( P = .001) driven by less rehospitalizations ( P = .001). In the total study population significant primary endpoint predictors were red blood cell distribution width (RDW), urea, and coronary artery disease (CAD) prevalence (AUC of the model =.7685), whereas significant death predictors were RDW, urea, and the number of CM (AUC = .7859), all higher in ADCHF. Thus, the higher CM burden in ADCHF than in new-onset HF most likely contributed to the worse outcome.
Acid freezes uricolysis in addition to glycolysis: Utility of fluoride-EDTA-citrate tube in the measurement of uric acid for patients administered rasburicase
Authors: Kalaria Tejas , Fenn Jonathan , Whitmill Richard , Ford Clare , Gama Rousseau
Published: January 2022

Background

In samples from patients administered rasburicase, ex vivo uricolysis leads to spuriously low uric acid results. The manufacturer’s recommendation of storing the sample in ice-water until analysis, however, does not fully arrest uricolysis. Since uricase activity is affected by pH and metal chelators, we assessed uricolysis inhibition in sodium fluoride-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-citrate sample tube (FC Mix tube, Greiner) used primarily for plasma glucose.

Method

A serum pool was spiked with rasburicase and uric acid measured at 15, 45, 90, 150, 240 and 1080 min in a lithium heparin tube in ice-water, plain tube at room temperature (RT), EDTA tube at RT, FC Mix tube in ice-water, FC Mix tube at RT and FC Mix tube at RT prepared by dissolving FC Mix in serum.

Results

The rate of urate decay was lowest in the FC Mix tube independent of temperature, then lithium heparin tube in ice-water, then EDTA tube at RT and highest in the plain tube at RT. Uric acid concentrations in the prepared FC Mix tube at RT and heparin tube in ice-water were, respectively, 98.2% and 93.8% of control values at 90 min, 97.1% and 89.3% of control values at 4 h, and remained higher in the prepared FC Mix tube at all time points.

Conclusion

NaF-EDTA-citrate mixture largely arrested rasburicase mediated ex vivo uricolysis without the need for sample cooling. We propose that sample tubes containing NaF-EDTA-citrate be used for the measurement of uric acid in patients administered rasburicase.