bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biphasic Glucocorticoid Rhythm in One-Month-Old Infants: Reflection of a Developing HPA-Axis?
Authors: Hollanders Jonneke J , van der Voorn Bibian , de Goede Paul , Toorop Alyssa A , Dijkstra Lisette R , Honig Adriaan , Rotteveel Joost , Dolman Koert M , Kalsbeek Andries , Finken Martijn J J
Published: October 2019

Context

The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis displays a diurnal rhythm. However, little is known about its development in early life.

Objective

To describe HPA-axis activity and study possible influencing factors in 1-month-old infants.

Design

Observational.

Setting

Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VU University Medical Center (VUMC), and Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam.

Participants

Fifty-five mother-infant pairs.

Interventions

Collection of breast milk and infants’ saliva 1 month postpartum for analysis of glucocorticoids (GCs; ie, cortisol and cortisone) using liquid chromatography– tandem mass spectrometry.

Main Outcome Measure

GC rhythm in infants’ saliva and associations with vulnerability for maternal psychological distress (increased Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] score) or consultation at the Psychiatric Obstetric Pediatric (POP clinic), season at sampling, sex, and breast milk GC rhythmicity analyzed with SigmaPlot 14.0 software (Systat Software, San Jose, CA, USA) and regression analyses.

Results

A significant biphasic GC rhythm was detected in infants, with mean peaks [standard error of the mean, SEM] at 6:53 am [1:01] and 18:36 pm [1:49] for cortisol, and at 8:50 am [1:11] and 19:57 pm [1:13] for cortisone. HADS score, POP consultation, season at sampling, and sex were not associated with the infants’ GC rhythm. Breast milk cortisol maximum was positively associated with infants’ cortisol area-under-the-curve (AUC) increase and maximum. Higher breast milk cortisone AUC increase, AUC ground, and maximum were associated with an earlier maximum in infants. Breast milk and infant GC concentrations were associated between 6:00 am and 9:00 am.

Conclusions

A biphasic GC rhythm, peaking in the morning and evening, was seen in 1-month-old infants at a group level. Breast milk GC parameters might be associated with the infants’ GC rhythm, possibly caused by a signaling effect of breast milk GCs, or as an associative effect of increased mother-infant synchrony. These results contribute to an increased understanding of early life HPA-axis development.
A High Doppler Gradient: Obstruction or No Obstruction?: A Case Report
Authors: Baribeau Yanick , Chaudhry Daawar , Sharkey Aidan , Chaudhary Omar , Chu Louis , Mahmood Feroze
Published: October 2019

The angle correction feature in ultrasound systems is used when there is difficulty accurately aligning the Doppler beam with the flow to be interrogated. The operator can manually “correct” the angle to the actual direction of flow. Subsequently, the machine corrects the peak velocity for the angle. We present a case of aortic valve replacement (AVR) in which falsely high transaortic gradients were obtained immediately after separation from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We recommend that there be a more prominent notification when the angle correction feature is used with machine prompts confirming when a peak velocity is obtained using angle correction.
Anesthetic Management During Pediatric Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy With Cisplatin in a Small Child: A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Zajonz Thomas S. , Padberg Winfried , Mann Sacha T. W. , Gehron Johannes , Sander Michael , Mann Valesco
Published: October 2019

Cytoreductive surgery (CS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) present a challenging task for anesthesia providers. Anesthesia management may be complicated by hyperthermia, fluid shifts, and distinct inflammatory response. Only a few reports dealing with the anesthesia management of pediatric CS and HIPEC have been published. We report a case of a 2-year-old child with a relapse of an alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterus and peritoneal carcinomatosis treated with CS and HIPEC. For children, careful temperature measurement, intraoperative prevention of hyperthermia, and sufficient volume management are important, as well as postoperative pediatric intensive care with experience CS and HIPEC patients.
Organic Small Molecule Covalently Functionalized Molybdenum Disulfide Hybrid Material for Optical Limiting
Authors: Gan Fan , Dong Ningning , Liu Zhiwei , Jia Huimei , Wang Jun , Chen Yu
Published: October 2019

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets are insoluble in any organic solvent, which makes them more difficult to fabricate into thin film devices for nanoelectronics and nonlinear optics. To solve practical solution-processability problems of the MoS2 nanosheets, it would be ideal and feasible to design and synthesize MoS2-based solution-processed organic/polymeric materials. In this work, new organic small molecule covalently modified MoS2 nanosheets (MoS2-CHT) were synthesized through a simple reaction between MoS2 and 6-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)hexane-1-thiol (CHT). Both a DMF solution of MoS2-CHT and a MoS2-CHT/PMMA film exhibited excellent nonlinear optical (NLO) and optical limiting (OL) responses when compared to the MoS2 and MoS2/CHT mixture. As a result, among these materials, the annealed MoS2-CHT/PMMA film showed the largest nonlinear absorption coefficients (βeff) and highest imaginary third-order susceptibilities (Imχ(3)) (997.75 cm/GW and 4.25 × 10−10 esu at 532 nm; 372.62 cm/GW and 3.19 × 10−10 esu at 1064 nm). The enhanced NLO/OL performance of the annealed film could be due to the structural transition of MoS2 in MoS2-CHT from the 1T phase to the 2H phase during the annealing and the possible thermal-induced electron transfer effect between MoS2 and CHT moieties in MoS2-CHT.
Ankle Coordination in Chronic Ankle Instability, Coper, and Control Groups in Running
Authors: KWON YONG UNG , HARRISON KATHRYN , KWEON SANG JIN , WILLIAMS D. S. BLAISE
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Coordination and coordination variability have been used as a measure of the function and flexibility of the sensorimotor system during running. Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is associated with altered sensorimotor system function compared with individuals without CAI. Copers may have adopted protective sensorimotor adaptations to prevent repeated ankle sprains; however, their coordination strategies between the foot and shank have not been investigated. We compared joint coupling angles and coordination variability using vector coding between individuals with CAI, copers, and controls.

Methods

Seventeen individuals with CAI, 17 copers, and 17 controls ran on the treadmill at a fixed speed of 2.68 m·s−1. A 10-s trial of continuous data was collected for kinematic analysis. The first five complete strides were used for vector coding. Means of the vector coding angles and variability of frontal plane ankle motion/transverse plane tibia motion and sagittal plane ankle motion/transverse plane tibia motion (SAK/TT) were calculated. A curve analysis with 90% confidence intervals was performed to detect differences between groups.

Results

Controls demonstrated greater angles of SAK/TT than individuals with CAI and greater angles of FAK/TT than copers during the second half of stance. In general, the control group demonstrated greater variability than individuals with CAI and copers, and copers demonstrated greater variability than individuals with CAI.

Conclusions

Chronic ankle instability and copers demonstrated different coordination strategies than controls during loading and propulsion, adding evidence to support a sensorimotor deficit or compensation. Further, limited variability in people with history of CAI during impact and midstance may contribute to higher risk of reinjury, and be an important area for further research.
Physiological Profile of a 59-Year-Old Male World Record Holder Marathoner
Authors: LEPERS ROMUALD , BONTEMPS BASTIEN , LOUIS JULIEN
Published: October 2019

Purpose

This study assessed the cardiorespiratory capacity and running economy (RE) of a 59-yr-old ex-Olympian athlete who ran a marathon in 2:30:15 in 2019. The athlete retired from running at 32 yr old (best marathon performance: 2:13:59) for a 16-yr period after his participation at the Olympics.

Methods

Heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (V˙O2), ventilation (VE), blood lactate concentration (La), step frequency, and RE were measured during a treadmill-running test.

Results

His HRmax, VEmax, Lamax, and V˙O2max were 165 bpm, 115 L·min−1, 5.7 mmol·L−1, and 65.4 mL·kg−1·min−1, respectively. At his marathon pace, his RE was 210 mL·kg−1·min−1 with a step frequency of 199 ± 0.55 s·min−1, and his V˙O2 corresponded to 91% of his V˙O2max.

Conclusion

This study shows that despite a 16-yr break in training, this 59-yr-old former Olympian marathoner has managed to limit the age-related decline in performance to ~5% per decade. More generally, these data suggest that high-level endurance masters athletes can limit the age-related decline in endurance performance at least until the age of 60 yr and can preserve their ability to sustain high-intensity effort (>90% of V˙O2max) for long-duration (2–3 h) exercises.
Easy Affine Markov Decision Processes
Authors: Ning Jie , Sobel Matthew J.
Published: October 2019

Individuals, firms, and governments often face the challenge of making optimal decisions in a dynamic setting amidst a changing and uncertain environment. Although Markov decision processes (MDPs) provide a powerful modeling framework for such problems, solving an MDP is generally difficult. In “Easy Affine Markov Decision Processes,” Ning and Sobel characterize decomposable affine MDPs, which can be solved easily. An MDP in this class has continuous multidimensional controlled states and actions, and Markov-modulated uncontrolled states. With affine immediate reward and transition dynamics and affine constraints on actions, these MDPs have a linear value function and a linear optimal policy. The linear coefficients can be computed easily and exactly by solving a small auxiliary MDP, which frees the solution of the original MDP from the curse of dimensionality and errors caused by discretizing the continuous state and action spaces. The applicability of decomposable affine MDPs is illustrated in fishery management, capacity portfolio management, and commodity procurement.
Hauspreise und Inflation
Authors: Stroebel Johannes
Published: October 2019

Steigende Immobilienpreise führen zu steigenden Einzelhandelspreisen und zu einer Umverteilung zulasten von Mietern, selbst wenn eine Mietpreisbremse wirkt.
Carlos IV y el ducado de Parma en tiempos de revolución (1796-1801), con el trasfondo de la cuestión de la Luisiana
Authors: Chinchilla Galarzo Ainoa
Published: October 2019

Como bien conocemos, desde el siglo XVI, las relaciones entre el ducado de Parma y la monarquía española fueron muy intensas, algo que vino a potenciarse con la llegada de la Revolución francesa y que se materializó en el Tratado de Basilea de julio de 1795, por el que se establecía la mediación del rey de España a favor del ducado de Parma. Desde ese momento, dicho territorio se convertía en uno de los intereses primordiales de Carlos IV. Por consiguiente, el presente trabajo pretende resaltar las relaciones que, como potencia mediadora, ejerció España, así como la utilización de este ducado como ficha en el tablero diplomático europeo por parte del gobierno francés. Un territorio que fue usado de forma recurrente por el gabinete galo para presionar a su homólogo español y que siempre suele ir ligado a la exigencia francesa de la cesión de Luisiana por parte de España. Por ello, pretendemos analizar una negociación larga en el tiempo, desde la primera propuesta de 1796 a la final firma del Tratado de Aranjuez en 1801, que sufre continuas pausas ligadas al devenir de los tiempos revolucionarios y de la misma forma dar a conocer los numerosos actores que intervinieron en ella, destacando el importante papel de la corrupción.
Successful Endoscopic Resection of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma of the Colon
Authors: Schwartz Brian L. , Lowe Robert C.
Published: October 2019

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas are the most common form of primary malignant gastrointestinal lymphoma. Although typically found in the stomach, extragastric locations have been described, in rare cases, the colon. The optimal management of these neoplasms remains uncertain and limited largely to small retrospective series or case reports. We report a patient with a colonic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma identified during a routine screening colonoscopy which was removed endoscopically without any adjuvant antimicrobial therapy, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy. She remained disease-free after the 1-year follow-up, providing support to potential endoscopic therapy in appropriately selected patients.
Instructor Response to Uncivil Behaviors in the Classroom: An Application of Politeness Theory
Authors: Yrisarry Natalie , Neuberger Lindsay , Miller Ann Neville
Published: October 2019

We investigated student perceptions of instructor responses to classroom incivility with a 2 (passive or active student incivility) x 2 (instructor avoidance or bald-on-record response) experimental design. Undergraduate students (n = 281) were randomly assigned to view one of four videos of an incivility incident. They then evaluated the instructor’s behavior with respect to her credibility (competence, caring, and trustworthiness) and effectiveness, as well as how motivating the instructor was. Results indicated that when students in the video engaged in active incivility, bald-on-record responses in comparison to avoidance were considered to be more motivating and effective, and resulted in higher perceptions of instructor caring and trustworthiness. In the passive incivility condition, instructor response did not predict any outcome variable except trustworthiness.
Claiming Their Education: The Impact of a Required Course for Academic Probation Students with a Focus on Purpose and Motivation
Authors: Burke Leon Molly Ann , Guest Scott Anthony , Koke Andrew M. , Fiorini Stefano , Rangazas Alexander
Published: October 2019

This study assesses the impact of a required course designed to retain and graduate students placed on Academic Probation. We adopted a quantitative approach to this inquiry. We found that students who took the class were approximately 20% more likely to persist and graduate compared to students placed on probation who did not take the course. Further, we note the specific curriculum of the course, which focuses on helping students identify purpose and motivation for their higher education experience. We suggest the specific educational interventions that may help dramatically increase the retention and graduation of students facing academic difficulty.
Sistema de Monitoreo de Nivel de Líquido en Grandes Depósitos
Authors: Quiala Llorens Reinier , Pérez Molinet Ailén , Hernández Montero Fidel Ernesto
Published: October 2019

Contexto: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo diseñar y construir un sistema capaz de realizar el control de nivel de líquidos que se encuentren almacenados en grandes depósitos, también está orientado a su utilización en prácticas de control automático y a la transmisión de la información a distancia. Una energía renovable, sostenible y amigable con el medio ambiente, usada como alternativa para mitigar el cambio climático causado por uso de energías provenientes de los combustibles fósiles; pensando en ello, es muy importante estudiar el comportamiento de los módulos fotovoltaicos en condiciones realesnde funcionamiento.

Método: Consta de diferentes etapas que satisfacen el cumplimiento del objetivo propuesto, está compuesto por alarmas sonora y lumínica en caso de derrames en los depósitos o por falta de comunicación entre sus componentes. La realización del control digital dentro del sistema requirió de un procedimiento de adquisición de datos implementado por Arduino con módulos XBee para la comunicación, además de una computadora personal.

Resultados: Este tipo de procedimiento para implementar el control se escogió debido a la facilidad de ejecución, los beneficios y los bajos costos del sistema respecto a los existentes en el mercado; otra de las tareas realizadas fue el estudio práctico de las diferentes técnicas de control aplicadas a un sistema real para el monitoreo de nivel de líquidos en depósitos de gran capacidad.

Conclusiones: La validación del sistema de medición fue realizada a través de una comparación entre los valores reales obtenidos con los instrumentos de medición y los valores mostrados por el sistema a través de la aplicación web que fue diseñada; el correcto funcionamiento de dicho sistema permitió su posterior instalación en depósitos reales.
KEBIJAKAN FORMULASI ASAS PERMAAFAN HAKIM DALAM UPAYA PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PIDANA NASIONAL
Authors: Maulidah Khilmatin , Jaya Nyoman Serikat Putra
Published: October 2019

Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) menganut asas legalitas formil sehingga terkesan kaku dan hukum yang hidup di dalam masyarakat Indonesia seolah-olah tidak diakui sebagai sumber hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebijakan formulasi asas permaafan hakim dalam hukum pidana yang berlaku saat ini, dan menganalisis kebijakan asas permaafan hakim dalam hukum pidana di masa yang akan datang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undang dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KUHP saat ini tidak mengatur masalah permaafan hakim sehingga  perkara pidana yang disidangkan harus dijatuhi putusan pidana meskipun perbuatan terdakwa sangat ringan dan tidak bersifat melawan hukum secara materiil. Hal ini yang memerlukan usaha pembaharuan hukum pidana yaitu menghidupkan kembali hukum yang hidup di masyarakat yang seolah-seolah dimatikan oleh hukum kolonial dengan merumuskan asas permaafan hakim seperti di negara Belanda yang sudah mengatur dalam Pasal 9a KUHP Belanda.
INTERVENSI MILITER TERHADAP KUDETA POLITIK MENURUT PRINSIP JUS COGENS
Authors: Christmas Sandy Kurnia , Setiyono Joko
Published: October 2019

Intervensi Militer merupakan tindakan campur tangan suatu negara yang diwujudkan dengan mengirimkan ekspedisi militer untuk menunjang suatu pemerintahan atau kelompok pemberontak, dimana hal ini tidak dapat dibenarkan menurut hukum internasional maupun didalam prinsip Jus Cogens. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tindakan intervensi militer yang dilakukan Amerika Serikat terhadap Venezuela di tahun 2019 dengan maksud melakukan kudeta politik. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian doktrinal, melalui conseptual approach dan case approach. Hasil penelitian yaitu : pertama tindakan intervensi militer merupakan sesuatu yang dilarang berdasarkan Pasal 2 ayat (4) Piagam PBB, namun jika dalam keadaan ancaman terhadap perdamaian internasional maka tindakan intervensi militer dapat dilakukan dalam batasan yang diberikan oleh Dewan Keamanan PBB sesuai Pasal 39 Piagam PBB. Kedua, dalam keadaan ancaman tindakan kudeta yang mempengaruhi kedaulatan negara, tindakan intervensi militer merupakan suatu pelanggaran menurut prinsip Jus Cogens sebagai norma hukum internasional dimana setiap negara harus saling menghormati kedaulatan suatu negara.
Ponowne zaczarowanie świata: technologia, ciało i budowanie dóbr wspólnych
Authors: Federici Silvia
Published: October 2019

Tłumaczenie rozdziału książki Re-enchanting the World. Feminism and the Politics of the Commons (2019) Silvii Federici. Autorka polemizuje tu z opiniami, które przypisują rozwojowi technologii i komputeryzacji społecznie wyzwalającą funkcję. Wykazuje, że postęp technologiczny pokrywa się z rosnącą skalą wyzysku, ale także z „historią dezakumulacji” dóbr wspólnych i przedkapitalistycznych umiejętności, związanych z bezpośrednim i niesprywatyzowanym kontaktem ze światem przyrody. W drugiej części Federici pokazuje, w jaki sposób walki w obronie dóbr wspólnych, toczone najczęściej przez kobiety, zyskują dziś zasadnicze i globalne znaczenie. Opowiada się też po stronie pracy reprodukcyjnej jako odpowiedzialnej i paradoksalnie subwersywnej strategii przydatnej w obliczu politycznego i ekologicznego kryzysu.
Czarne i czerwone. Masy ludzkie w poezji polskiego futuryzmu
Authors: Wójtowicz Aleksander
Published: October 2019

Artykuł opisuje, w jaki sposób polityczne zaangażowanie polskiego futuryzmu wpłynęło na poetyckie reprezentacje tłumu. Futuryści przedstawiali masy jako rezerwuar energii na tyle silnej, że zdolnej nie tylko do obalenia dotychczasowego porządku, lecz również do stworzenia zrębów przyszłego ładu. A jednocześnie poszukiwali adekwatnych sposobów ich przedstawienia w popularnych słownikach epoki, sięgając po elementy dyskursu konserwatywnego, komunistycznego oraz militarnego. Spoiwem tych heterogenicznych, nie zawsze zbieżnych wyobrażeń była apoteoza rewolty, pojmowanej jako wyzwanie rzucone nowoczesnemu porządkowi (i kapitalizmowi).
„»Jak przyszli Koreańczycy, to wszystko runęło. Jak wieża«. Przyczynek do oddolnej historii Fabryki Samochodów Osobowych na Żeraniu”
Authors: Michalik Piotr
Published: October 2019

Artykuł powstał w oparciu o badania (conricerca) przeprowadzone w Fabryce Samochodów Osobowych na Żeraniu. Odbyto łącznie siedemnaście rozmów dotyczących realiów życia fabrycznego oraz światopoglądu badanych robotników i robotnic. W niniejszym tekście przedstawiono fragmenty wywiadów dotyczące przemian politycznych w Polsce na przełomie lat osiemdziesiątych i dziewięćdziesiątych dwudziestego wieku. Zostały one opracowane i podzielone tematycznie. Głównym celem, jaki postawił sobie autor tekstu, jest przedstawienie robotniczej narracji na temat upadku tzw. realnego socjalizmu w Polsce i tego, jaki miał on wpływ na losy fabryki. Znaczna część pracy została poświęcona kwestii przejęcia zakładu przez koreański koncern Daewoo. Fakt ten w dużej mierze zaważył na losie fabryki. Nie był on obojętny dla pracowników fso, o czym świadczą liczne głosy robotników zebrane w tym artykule. Metoda, którą posłużył się autor conricerca – została wypracowana na gruncie myśli operaistycznej do badania włoskiej klasy robotniczej w drugiej połowie xx wieku. Zakłada ona, że warunkiem wspólnych badań prowadzonych z przedstawicielami klasy robotniczej jest podmiotowe uczestnictwo robotników i robotnic. W toku badań powinno się dążyć do przezwyciężenia sztywnej opozycji badający–badani na rzecz podejścia, zgodnie z którym badacze są jednocześnie badanymi, a badani – badaczami.
Osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in Thai silk fibroin/collagen hydrogel: a pilot study in vitro
Authors: Apinun Jirun , Honsawek Sittisak , Kuptniratsaikul Somsak , Jamkratoke Jutarat , Kanokpanont Sorada
Published: October 2019

Background

Silk fibroin (SF) can be processed into a hydrogel. SF/collagen hydrogel may be a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering.

Objectives

To investigate in vitro biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of encapsulated rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rat MSCs) in an injectable Thai SF/collagen hydrogel induced by oleic acid–poloxamer 188 surfactant mixture in an in vitro pilot study.

Methods

Rat MSCs were encapsulated in 3 groups of hydrogel scaffolds (SF, SF with 0.05% collagen [SF/0.05C], and SF with 0.1% collagen [SF/0.1C]) and cultured in a growth medium and an osteogenic induction medium. DNA, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and calcium were assayed at periodically for up to 5 weeks. After 6 weeks of culture the cells were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy.

Results

Although SF hydrogel with collagen seems to have less efficiency to encapsulate rat MSCs, their plateau phase growth in all hydrogels was comparable. Inability to maintain cell viability as cell populations declined over 1–5 days was observed. Cell numbers then plateaued and were maintained until day 14 of culture. ALP activity and calcium content of rat MSCs in SF/collagen hydrogels were highest at day 21. An enhancing effect of collagen combined with the hydrogel was observed for proliferation and matrix formation; however, benefits of the combination on osteogenic differentiation and biomineralization are as yet unclear.

Conclusion

Rat MSCs in SF and SF/collagen hydrogels showed osteogenic differentiation. Accordingly, these hydrogels may serve as promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
Enhanced bonding of acetylated wood with an MUF-based adhesive and a resorcinol-formaldehyde-based primer
Authors: Treu Andreas , Bredesen Ronny , Bongers Ferry
Published: October 2019

Acetylated wood is a durable and dimensionally stable product with many potential applications in exterior timber structures. Research has shown that acetylated wood can be effectively bonded by various adhesive types. However, one of the most commonly used adhesives for timber constructions, melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF), shows poor performance in combination with acetylated wood in delamination tests based on cyclic wetting and drying. The hydrophobic acetylated wood surface leads to reduced adhesion due to poorer adhesive wetting and fewer chemical bonds between the resin and the wood polymers. The use of a resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF)-based primer on the acetylated wood surface prior to the application of MUF leads to positive gluing results with both acetylated radiata pine and beech, providing significantly improved resistance to delamination. Radial penetration of the primer and MUF in acetylated wood shows higher penetration compared with untreated wood. In addition, a phenol resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesive system showed high resistance against delamination and can be used for gluing of acetylated wood.
Mammalian species and the twofold nature of taxonomy: a comment on Taylor et al. 2019
Authors: Zachos Frank E. , Christidis Les , Garnett Stephen T.
Published: October 2019

In a recently published paper, Taylor and colleagues discussed different approaches and interpretations of mammalian taxonomy and their bearing on more general issues such as conservation and evolutionary biology. We fully endorse the fundamental importance of taxonomy and its being grounded on scientific principles. However, we also deplore a lack of awareness in the literature of the fact that taxonomy is a twofold enterprise that encompasses not only (i) the scientific description and quantitative analysis of biodiversity but also (ii) an executive decision as to how the results of (i) are translated into names. This has serious ramifications for the conservation of our planet’s dwindling biodiversity and when taxonomic names are used as raw data for ecological and evolutionary analyses.
The crystal structure of 1-benzyl-2-((4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)ethynyl)pyridin-1-ium bromide,C24H24BrN
Authors: Liao Juan , Zeng Fei , Ding Man-Hua
Published: October 2019

C24H24BrN, orthorhombic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.875(6) Å, b = 10.415(6) Å, c = 20.562(12) Å, β = 98.130(7)°, V = 2094(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0367, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1044, T = 273(2) K.
Finite Element Vibration Analysis of Variable Thickness Thin Cylindrical FGM Shells under Various Boundary Conditions
Authors: Golpayegani Iman Fakhari , Arani Ehsan Mohammadi , Foroughifar Ali Asghar
Published: October 2019

This research aimed to study the analysis of free vibrations of cylindrical shells made of functionally graded materials (FGMs). The studied shells were thin and had been selected in a way that their thickness varies linearly along the length. A combination of different boundary conditions was applied, and vibrational analysis was performed through finite element method. Then, the effects of different parameters, including varying thickness along the length, shell length, and radius, on the frequency behavior of the shell were extracted. Afterward, the frequency behaviors of the shells made of different materials were compared. The numerical results obtained in this article have been verified by the results derived from the analytical relations of previous research, which indicated the high accuracy of the finite element method for the vibrational analysis of the shells with variable thickness. The analysis indicated significant effects of thickness changes and boundary conditions on the natural frequencies.
A APLICABILIDADE DA LEI MARIA DA PENHA EM FAVOR DE TRANSEXUAIS E/OU TRANSGÊNEROS EM HIPÓTESES DE VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA E FAMILIAR
Authors: Mazzocco de Souza Waynner
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo, analisará a lei nº 11.340/2006, popularmente conhecida por Lei Maria da Penha, e as situações que ensejam sua aplicação, tendo como objetivo desenvolver soluções e conhecimentos sobre a possibilidade de aplicação da Lei Maria da Penha às pessoas transexuais e/ou transgêneros vítimas de violência doméstica e familiar, sendo tal tema de extrema relevância em nossa sociedade devido à diversidade de gênero, bem como ao preconceito e desigualdade social que os LGTQI+ enfrentam constantemente. Passada essa análise, abordaremos em detalhe, os entendimentos existentes na doutrina e jurisprudência acerca da aplicação da Lei Maria da Penha, tanto os favoráveis como os não favoráveis à possibilidade de transexuais e/ou travestis figurarem como vítimas de violência doméstica e familiar.
TEORIA DO ESTADO: DO PODER DAS MILÍCIAS À NECROPOLÍTICA
Authors: Da Motta Mendonça Adalton
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir, a partir dos textos de René Dreifuss as contribuições para o debate sobre o estado em relação ao uso da política e da força, no que concerne a manutenção ou a conquista do poder. Analisamos também o uso legítimo do poder a partir do debate sobre a gênese do estado moderno e das suas mutações recentes no caso brasileiro, segundo o autor acima citado, bem como algumas das suas fontes de referência como Max Weber, Nietzsche entre outros.
Synthesis, Structural, Electrical Transport and Energetic Characteristics of ZrNi1-хVxSn Solid Solution
Authors: Romaka L. , Stadnyk Yu. , Romaka V.A. , Нoryn A. , Romaniv I. , Krayovskyy V. , Dubelt S.
Published: October 2019

The samples of ZrNi1-хVxSn solid solution (x = 0 – 0.10) based on the ZrNiSn half-Heusler phase (MgAgAs structure type) were synthesized by direct arc-melting with homogenous annealing at 1073 K. The electrokinetic and energy state characteristics of the ZrNi1-хVxSn semiconducting solid solution were investigated in the temperature range T = 80 - 400 K. An analysis of behavior of the electrokinetic and energetic characteristics, in particular, the motion rate of the Fermi level, ΔεF/Δx for ZrNi1-хVxSn, allows to assume about the simultaneous generation of the structural defects of donor and acceptor nature in the crystal. The additional researches are required to establish the mechanisms of donor generation.
Influence of Genetic Interactions on Polygenic Prediction
Authors: Dai Zhijun , Long Nanye , Huang Wen
Published: October 2019

Prediction of phenotypes from genotypes is an important objective to fulfill the promises of genomics, precision medicine and agriculture. Although it’s now possible to account for the majority of genetic variation through model fitting, prediction of phenotypes remains a challenge, especially across populations that have diverged in the past. In this study, we designed simulation experiments to specifically investigate the role of genetic interactions in failure of polygenic prediction. We found that non-additive genetic interactions can significantly reduce the accuracy of polygenic prediction. Our study demonstrated the importance of considering genetic interactions in genetic prediction.
Consumo máximo de oxígeno (vo2max) en bomberos: revisión sistemática de estudios
Authors: Rojas Quirós Jimmy
Published: October 2019

Consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2max) en bomberos: revisión sistemática de estudios. El trabajo de bombero es catalogada como una profesión de riesgo, con alto requerimiento físico; en los últimos años el bombero ha adquirido más competencias que la propia de apagar incendios, entre ellas las intervenciones en accidentes de tránsito, incidentes con materiales peligrosos, rescates, fuegos forestales, entre otros. La imagen del bombero tradicional ha dado paso a nuevos profesionales preparados para afrontar todo tipo de desastres por lo que se habla en la actualidad del bombero completo. El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar sistemáticamente la evidencia científica sobre los valores de consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2max) que presentan los bomberos. Se incluyeron un total de 19 estudios, publicados entre los años 2002 y 2012, de las bases de datos de EBSCOhost, SpringerLink, SPORTDiscus, Medline, Embase y Scielo; además de revistas como Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, Occupational Medicine y Psicothema. Se concluye con esta revisión, con base a los resultados de los estudios, que las diferentes poblaciones de bomberos, oscilan un VO2max de 39,20 a 58,21 ml/kg/min, que varía según la condición inicial que tienen los bomberos en los diferentes estudios que proponen los autores; en general se determina que un bombero debe poseer valores de VO2max por encima de los 43 ml/kg/min, lo cual es lo mínimo recomendable para al menos poseer una buena capacidad aeróbica que le permita desenvolverse en sus funciones básicas como bombero.
Physical activity and quality of life in persons with visual impairment: an observational study
Authors: Soares Nayron Medeiros , Pereira Gabriela Magalhães , Soares Lauriston Emmanoel Barros , Soares Narrycia Medeiros , Júnior Capitulino Camargo , Oliveira Elizaete De Lima Medeiros
Published: October 2019

AIMS: Little evidence demonstrates the influence of physical activity habits on the quality of life of people with visual impairment (VI). To gain a broader understanding, this study attempted to verify the relation between the habits of physical activity and quality of life in people with VI.METHODS: The sample consisted of 53 visually impaired volunteers. The Clinical and Sociodemographic Assessment Sheet, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short version and the Quality of Life Assessment Instrument (WHOQOL-Bref) were used.RESULTS: The mean age was 42.39±2.10 years, with a predominance of males and the mean Body Mass Index was 27.55±0.76. Predominant physical activity levels were between moderate to high. Males presented significantly higher levels of vigorous physical activity (p=0.033) and higher scores in WHOQOL-Bref, when compared to the female sex.CONCLUSION: The higher the physical activity levels of this population with VI, the better the quality of life. The participants had a predominance of moderate to high physical activity, as well as, the male presented higher levels of physical activity, when compared with the female in vigorous activities.
Dynamic balance performance of professional turkish soccer players by playing position
Authors: Ateş B.A.
Published: October 2019

Background and Study Aim: Balance control has been regarded as a crucial factor in sports and indicated as an important element to be examined for the risks of injury. But it is unknown whether the dynamic balance changes according to the player positions in professional soccer players. To determine whether there were differences in the dynamic balance performance of the different positions of Turkish professional soccer players from within one squad. Material and Methods: Twenty-four professional soccer players were divided into 4 groups by the coach, including goalkeepers (n = 3), midfielders (n = 6), defenders (n = 7) and forwards (n = 8). Prior the competition season, anthropometric characteristics of players were measured. Then, players were tested Y Balance Test (YBT) for the anterior (ANT), posteromedial (PM), and posterolateral (PL) reach distances and limb lengths bilaterally. Results: The goalkeepers were heavier compared with the midfielders. Furthermore, the BMI of the goalkeepers were higher than midfielders and defenders (p< 0.05). There were no significant differences in the ANT, PM, PL, and COMP score between the groups (p> 0.05). The values for reach asymmetry were lower than four centimeters among groups in the all reach direction with regards to reach asymmetries, except normalized posterolateral direction. Conclusions: The results of this study have shown that the YBT performance scores do not differ between the groups. Future studies are required to create specific norms related to dynamic balance performance and establish risk cut-off score for professional soccer players.
Effects of mutual learning in physical education to improve health indicators of Ukrainian students
Authors: Bodnar I. , Pavlova Iu. , Dukh T. , Wąsik J. , Mosler D. , Svyshch Y.
Published: October 2019

Introduction. The problem of research and increasing of motor activity modes remains relevant, since motor activity is one of the main factors determining health and the level of physical condition of population. The aim of study was to analyze the impact of the mutual learning program of physical education for improvement the physical and mental fitness of students in Ukraine. Material and Methods. Four groups were used for the survey: 2 experimental groups (male, n=31; female, n=33), which received 64 lessons of physical education, which included intra-subgroup interaction, changing of students, and control of knowledge and skills of each other, and 2 control groups (male, n=32; female, n=31), which received a traditional physical education lessons. Assessment of the somatic health (Ketle index, Robinson index, lifetime index, strength index) and physical preparadness (running tests, trunk from the lying position, throw of a medball). Efficiency of processing, speed of figuring out the work and mental stability were determined using Schultz-Platonov tables. Results . The results suggest about an increase in the functional capacity of cardiovascular and respiratory system among male and female of experimental group. The growth of the physical fitness results was set in lifting the trunk from the lying position to the sitting and throw of medball. After the experiment, positive changes in cognitive parameters were observed in female and male of experimental group. Among control group students, the results were significantly stable. Conclusions . The results suggest that program increased the level of physical and mental fitness of students of both gender and had a significant impact on the indicators of cardiovascular system.
Effects of electromyostimulation training on jumping and muscle strength in football players
Authors: Kale M. , Gurol B.
Published: October 2019

Purpose: Electromyostimulation is a popular training to increase muscle strength during the last years. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of electromyostimulation training on jumping and muscle strength in football players. Material: Volunteered 23 football players between the ages of 18 to 24 were divided into experimental and control groups with simple random sampling. Both groups continued to regular training. Experimental group had additional electromyostimulation training for 6-week, 3-time a week, and 20min a day. Pre- and post-training squat and countermovement jumps, peak torques of dominant and non-dominant knee extensor and flexor muscles were tested. Angular velocities of isokinetic dynamometer were 60, 180, and 300ºs-1. Pre- and post-test comparisons within the groups were analyzed. Results: There were no significant differences between pre- and post-test for isokinetic knee strength parameters at all angular velocities of EG. However, control group had significant pre- and post-test differences in dominant and non-dominant knee extension and flexion peak torque values. Conclusions: EMS and regular training in-season had no effect on the isokinetic strength parameters. On the other hand, the regular training in-season has increased isokinetic strength. Electromyostimulation training additional to regular training may have detrimental effects on outcomes of concurrent training in football players.
Circular training as a means for improving physical skills in future security specialists in higher education institutions of Ukraine
Authors: Pryimakov O.O. , Kyslenko D.P. , Yukhno Y.O. , Eider E.
Published: October 2019

Background and Study Aim. The battle training of military students is ineffective when limited to the knowledge of military equipment and ability to use it. The research theoretically and experimentally justifies how circular training can improve physical skills in future security specialists in HEIs of Ukraine. Material and Methods. The experiment involved a group of 7 respondents (aged between 21 and 23) of the Institute of the Department of State Guard of Ukraine. The methods of circular training were used to improve physical skills in future security specialists in HEIs of Ukraine. Results. The system of CrossFit training improves physical fitness of students and strengthens their motivation towards physical education and sport. Also it familiarizes them with modern approaches to organizing independent physical training. Circular training, in turn, contributes to the kinetic and emotional density of training, making it more diverse and engaging. Moreover, it enhances individual initiative and, therefore, increases motivation towards physical education. Conclusions . Circular training gives positive results and successfully improves general physical fitness of military students.
KOREKSI UKURAN MATA PANCING RAWAI TEGAK UNTUK MENANGKAP IKAN PELAGIS KECIL DI PERAIRAN SELAT SEMAU
Authors: Fuah Ricky Winrison , Diniah Diniah , Puspito Gondo
Published: October 2019

Alat tangkap yang digunakan untuk menangkap ikan pelagis kecil di perairan Selat Semau yaitu rawai tegak. Operasi penangkapanikan menggunakan ukuran mata pancing nomor 18, 16 dan 15. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk menentukan ukuran mata pancing yang tepat dalam menangkap ikan pelagis kecil yang layak tangkap. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah experimentalfishing, dengan metode analisis data uji normalitas Kolmogorov-Smirnov, uji Kruskal Wallis dan uji Mann-Whitney. Jumlah responden 12 orang. Hasil penelitian diperoleh presentase ukuran ikan tidak layak tangkap 65%-72% dan layak tangkap 28%-34% (nomor 18), tidak layak tangkap 26%-33% dan layak tangkap 67%-74% (nomor 16), tidak layak tangkap 23%-36% dan 64%-74% layak tangkap (nomor 15). Kesimpulannya adalah ukuran mata pancing nomor 16 dan 15 lebih tepat untuk menangkap ikan pelagis kecil layak tangkap. Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang pengamatan gonad ikan sehingga dapat membuktikan mata pancing nomor 16 dan 15 menangkap ikan layak tangkap.
Strength and stiffness of laboratory-mixed specimens of stabilised Norwegian clays
Authors: Paniagua Priscilla , Bache Bjørn Kristian , Karlsrud Kjell , Lund Alf Kristian
Published: October 2019

In situ ground improvement by deep mixing the soil with stabilising agents or binders as lime, cement, cement kiln dust or a combination of these is the most common method applied in the Nordic countries. In Norway, soil stabilisation with deep mixing has been applied to soft-to-medium stiff clays with sensitivity ranging from about 5 to over 100. This paper presents a large database of laboratory results from laboratory-stabilised Norwegian clays. For example the data show that shear strength of the stabilised clays decreases when the water-to-binder ratio (i.e. total clay water-to-binder content ratio) increases, and that the stiffness development is mainly controlled by time. Some observations from more advanced laboratory testing on samples taken from stabilised columns in the field highlight the anisotropic behaviour of the stabilised clays and the increase in strength with in situ stresses. The data presented can be used as a guide on the selection of binder mixes for specific project applications and it should always be supplemented by testing on site-specific laboratory-mixed specimens.
Endothelial cell growth on polyurethane modified with acrylic acid and REDV peptide
Authors: Butruk-Raszeja Beata A , Kuźmińska Aleksandra , Ciach Tomasz , Adipurnama Iman , Yang Ming-Chien
Published: October 2019

The goal of this study was to design a coating that improves the hemocompatibility of blood-contacting polyurethanes (PUs). The proposed modification method involves a two-step reaction: acrylic acid (AA) grafting and attachment of a peptide with an arginine–glutamic acid–aspartic acid–valine (REDV) sequence. The study examined the correlation between the concentration of modifying agents (AA and peptide) in the modifying solution and the number of endothelial cells that adhered to the modified surfaces. Chemical analysis (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) confirmed the presence of surface-bonded peptides on the modified materials. The applied coating significantly increased surface hydrophilicity (contact angle ≤ 60°). Introduction of the coating did not influence the activated partial thromboplastin time of plasma contacted with materials. The modification resulted in a significant decrease in the number of surface-adhered platelets (PU: 2·8%; modified materials: <0·5%) and a twofold decrease in the amount of surface-adsorbed fibrinogen. The relationship between the number of surface-adhered cells and the surface density of carboxyl (COOH) groups was demonstrated. The highest percentage of cell-occupied surface (>90%) was obtained for materials modified with 3% AA solution. The introduction of REDV promoted cell adhesion, although this effect strongly depended on the surface density of carboxyl groups.
Viral sovereignty
Authors: Lowe Celia
Published: October 2019

In the mid-2000s, Indonesia became ‘ground zero’ for an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza, the H5N1 strain, which global health experts feared would cause a devastating pandemic. When asked to participate in global health measures, Indonesia’s minister of health argued that the country had ‘viral sovereignty’ and refused to share samples with the World Health Organization’s Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System. The global health community claimed, in response, that such refusal put all humanity at risk. Both sides of the debate expressed paranoia, resentment, and mistrust as their different ideas of security came into play. In the midst of these accusations and counteraccusations, little attention was paid to the larger social and ecological context in which the virus had emerged and flourished. I argue that when vital matter gets taken up within frameworks of security, human and animal bodies, narratives, and politics get scripted through concerns for biological and political vulnerability. Paranoia, resentment, and mistrust resonate as the multiple vulnerabilities of bodies and their social positioning frame uncertain futures.