bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Das Sächsische elektronische Kommunalarchiv: Eine Lösung für die Erhaltung der digitalen Kultur der Städte
Authors: Cecconi Paolo
Published: August 2024

Das Projekt „elektronisches Kommunalarchiv“ (elKA) wurde von den Archiven der Kommunalen Behörden des Freistaates Sachsen in Deutschland von 2017 bis 2021 zusammen mit anderen Projektpartnern entwickelt; es ist seit Januar 2022 operativ und ermöglicht ihnen die weitere Erledigung ihrer gesetzlichen Pflichtaufgaben auch in die digitale Welt. Die Zusammenarbeit der kommunalen Behörden eines Bundeslandes mit vier Millionen Bewohnern, acht Landkreisen, mehr als 400 Städten und Gemeinden und nur drei kreisfreien Städten mit mehr als 100.000 Bewohnerinnen und Bewohnern (Chemnitz, Dresden, Leipzig) ermöglichte die Entstehung einer digitalen Infrastruktur, die zugleich finanzierbar ist und für jede Benutzerin und jeden Benutzer vom jedem zuständigen Archiv zugänglich ist. elKA ist hauptsächlich ein fortgeschrittenes Magazin für die Aufbewahrung der elektronischen Archivbestände und für die Gewährleistung der notwendigen Dateimigrationen, vorausgesetzt die Absicherung der Unveränderbarkeit und Authentizität der Informationen. Die Hoheit der Archive auf die eigenen Bestände bleibt unberührt. Außerdem haben die Sächsischen Archive an die Festlegung der Grundkriterien der Archivierbarkeit zusammengearbeitet und, im Fall von Chemnitz, hat das hiesige Stadtarchiv auch an die Festlegung der Grundlagen der Aktenproduktion innerhalb der Stadtverwaltung im Rahmen der Digitalen Agenda aktiv mitgewirkt. Für Chemnitz hat dies eine besondere Bedeutung, weil diese Stadt zusammen mit Nova Gorica in Slowenien und Gorizia in Italien Europäische Kulturhauptstadt im Jahr 2025 wird; daher ist es sehr wichtig, in Hinblick auf die erwartete relevante Menge von digitalen Kulturprodukten, die dem Stadtarchiv angeboten werden, über eine geeignete Infrastruktur zu verfügen. In diesem Sinn haben elKA und die Digitale Agenda der Stadt Chemnitz eindeutig bewiesen, dass die Kommunalarchive keine passiven Zuschauer der Digitalisierung sind, sondern dass sie eine proaktive Rolle als Protagonisten dabei spielen können.
DAVOS: Dwarf Active Galactic Nuclei from Variability for the Origins of Seeds: Properties of Variability-selected Active Galactic Nuclei in the COSMOS Field and Expectations for the Rubin Observatory
Authors: Burke Colin J. , Liu Yichen , Ward Charlotte A. , Liu Xin , Natarajan Priyamvada , Greene Jenny E.
Published: August 2024

We study the black hole mass–host galaxy stellar mass relation, M
BH–M
*, of a sample of z < 4 optically variable active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the COSMOS field. The parent sample of 491 COSMOS AGNs were identified by optical variability from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) program. Using publicly available catalogs and spectra, we consolidate their spectroscopic redshifts and estimate virial black hole masses using broad-line widths and luminosities. We show that variability searches with deep, high-precision photometry like the HSC-SSP can identity AGNs in low-mass galaxies up to z ∼ 1. However, their black holes are more massive given their host galaxy stellar masses than predicted by the local relation for active galaxies. We report that z ∼ 0.5–4 variability-selected AGNs are meanwhile more consistent with the M
BH–M
* relation for local inactive early-type galaxies. This result is in agreement with most previous studies of the M
BH–M
* relation at similar redshifts and indicates that AGNs selected from variability are not intrinsically different from the broad-line Type 1 AGN population at similar luminosities. Our results demonstrate the need for robust black hole and stellar mass estimates for intermediate-mass black hole candidates in low-mass galaxies at similar redshifts to anchor this scaling relation. Assuming that these results do not reflect a selection bias, they appear to be consistent with self-regulated feedback models wherein the central black hole and stars in galaxies grow in tandem.
A New Field Line Tracer for the Study of Coronal Magnetic Topologies
Authors: Aslanyan Valentin , Scott Roger B. , Wilkins Chloe P. , Meyer Karen A. , Pontin David I. , Yeates Anthony R.
Published: August 2024

We present a new code for the tracing of magnetic field lines and calculation of related quantities such as the squashing factor in the solar corona. The Universal Fieldline Tracer (UFiT) is an open-source package that can currently take inputs directly from four well-established coronal models, with additional models planned to be made directly accessible in the future. This package contains tools to make use of large-scale three-dimensional field line maps to calculate volumetric quantities, such as the total volume of the open corona, or the fraction that maps to regions on the solar surface within some distance of a coronal hole boundary, which may be relevant to phenomenological models of solar wind speed such as the Wang–Sheeley–Arge model. Synthetic coronagraphs can also be produced rapidly by this package. We have postprocessed long-term magnetofrictional simulations to demonstrate that the separatrix web occupies a larger fraction of the corona during solar maximum than solar minimum.
A Spectral Atlas of Lyα Emitters at z = 5.7 and z = 6.6
Authors: Songaila A. , Cowie L. L. , Barger A. J. , Hu E. M. , Taylor A. J.
Published: August 2024

We present two uniformly observed spectroscopic samples of Lyα emitters (LAEs; 127 at z = 5.7 and 82 at z = 6.6), which we use to investigate the evolution of the LAE population at these redshifts. The observations cover a large field (44 deg2) in the North Ecliptic Pole, as well as several smaller fields. We have a small number of exotic LAEs in the samples: double-peaked Lyα profiles; very extended red wings; and one impressive lensed LAE cross. We also find three broad-line active galactic nuclei. We compare the Lyα line width measurements at the two redshifts, finding that the lower-luminosity LAEs show a strong evolution of decreasing line width with increasing redshift, while the high-luminosity LAEs do not, with a transition luminosity of log L(Lyα) ≈ 43.25 erg s−1. Thus, at z = 6.6, the high-luminosity LAEs may be producing large ionized bubbles themselves, or they may be residing in overdense galaxy sites that are producing such bubbles. In order to avoid losses in the red wing, the radius of the ionized bubble must be larger than 1 pMpc. The double-peaked LAEs also require transmission on the blue side. For the four at z = 6.6, we use models to estimate the proximity radii, R

a
, where the ionizing flux of the galaxy is sufficient to make the surroundings have a low enough neutral fraction to pass the blue light. Since the required R

a
are large, multiple ionizing sources in the vicinity may be needed.
Serendipitous Catch of a Giant Jellyfish: An Ionized Nebula around 3C 275.1 with 170 kpc Long Tails
Authors: Zhao Qinyuan , Wang Junfeng , Li Zhenzhen
Published: August 2024

3C 275.1 is a blue quasar at z = 0.55522, hosting powerful outflows and residing in a complex environment. We present a serendipitously detected giant nebula surrounding 3C 275.1, which shows morphological features resembling those of objects known as “jellyfish galaxies,” with extremely long tails of ionized gas extending to 170 kpc in projection. We analyze its optical spectra taken by MUSE on the Very Large Telescope. The brighter part of this giant nebula exceeds 100 kpc, and its rotation curve does not flatten out, making it very different from those of normal spiral galaxies. This system shares some characteristics common to those formed via ram pressure stripping (RPS), yet its long narrow tails and higher ionization are unusual compared to known tails in jellyfish galaxies, not fully consistent with a simple RPS scenario. Our photoionization simulation and the inferred short recombination timescale both suggest that, besides the quasar 3C 275.1, an extra source of ionization is necessary to keep the gas ionized at such a distance from the nucleus, which could be related to RPS, tidal interaction, or active galactic nucleus outflow, providing new evidence of active dynamical interaction of a galaxy with the intracluster medium.
Concurrent Accretion and Migration of Giant Planets in Their Natal Disks with Consistent Accretion Torque
Authors: Li 李 Ya-Ping 亚平 , Chen 陈 Yi-Xian 逸贤 , Lin 林 Douglas N. C. 潮
Published: August 2024

Migration commonly occurs during the epoch of planet formation. For emerging gas giant planets, it proceeds concurrently with their growth through the accretion of gas from their natal protoplanetary disks. A similar migration process should also be applied to the stellar-mass black holes embedded in active galactic nucleus disks. In this work, we perform high-resolution 3D and 2D numerical hydrodynamical simulations to study the migration dynamics for accreting embedded objects over the disk viscous timescales in a self-consistent manner. We find that an accreting planet embedded in a predominantly viscous disk has a tendency to migrate outward, in contrast to the inward orbital decay of nonaccreting planets. 3D and 2D simulations find the consistent outward migration results for the accreting planets. Under this circumstance, the accreting planet’s outward migration is mainly due to the asymmetric spiral arms feeding from the global disk into the Hill radius. This is analogous to the unsaturated corotation torque although the imbalance is due to material accretion within the libration timescale rather than diffusion onto the inner disk. In a disk with a relatively small viscosity, the accreting planets clear deep gaps near their orbits. The tendency of inward migration is recovered, albeit with suppressed rates. By performing a parameter survey with a range of disks’ viscosity, we find that the transition from outward to inward migration occurs with the effective viscous efficiency factor α ∼ 0.003 for Jupiter-mass planets.
Cross Observatory Coordination with tilepy: A Novel Tool for Observations of Multimessenger Transient Events
Authors: Seglar-Arroyo Monica , Ashkar Halim , de Bony de Lavergne Mathieu , Schüssler Fabian
Published: August 2024

Time-domain astrophysics has leaped forward with the direct discovery of gravitational waves and the emergence of new generation instruments for multimessenger studies. The capacity of the multimessenger multiwavelength community to effectively pursue follow-up observations is hindered by the suboptimal localization of numerous transient events and the escalating volume of alerts. Thus, we have developed an effective tool to overcome the observational and technical hurdles inherent in the emerging field of multimessenger astrophysics. We present tilepy, a Python package for the automatic scheduling of follow-up observations of poorly localized transient events. It is ideally suited to tackle the challenge of complex follow-up in mid- and small-field-of-view telescope campaigns, with or without human intervention. We demonstrate the capabilities of tilepy in the realm of multiobservatory, multiwavelength campaigns, to cover the localization uncertainty region of various events ultimately aiming at pinpointing the source of the multimessenger emission. The tilepy code is publicly available on GitHub and is sufficiently flexible to be employed either automatically or in a customized manner, tailored to collaboration and individual requirements. tilepy is also accessible via a public API and through the Astro-COLIBRI platform.
Big Galaxies and Big Black Holes: The Massive Ends of the Local Stellar and Black Hole Mass Functions and the Implications for Nanohertz Gravitational Waves
Authors: Liepold Emily R. , Ma Chung-Pei
Published: August 2024

We construct the z = 0 galaxy stellar mass function (GSMF) by combining the GSMF at stellar masses M
* ≲ 1011.3
M
⊙ from the census study of Leja et al. and the GSMF of massive galaxies at M
* ≳ 1011.5
M
⊙ from the volume-limited MASSIVE galaxy survey. To obtain a robust estimate of M
* for local massive galaxies, we use MASSIVE galaxies with M
* measured from detailed dynamical modeling or stellar population synthesis modeling (incorporating a bottom-heavy initial mass function) with high-quality spatially resolved spectroscopy. These two independent sets of M
* agree to within ∼7%. Our new z = 0 GSMF has a higher amplitude at M
* ≳ 1011.5
M
⊙ than previous studies, alleviating prior concerns of a lack of mass growth in massive galaxies between z ∼ 1 and 0. We derive a local black hole mass function (BHMF) from this GSMF and the scaling relation of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and galaxy masses. The inferred abundance of local SMBHs above ∼1010
M
⊙ is consistent with the number of currently known systems. The predicted amplitude of the nanohertz stochastic gravitational-wave background is also consistent with the levels reported by Pulsar Timing Array teams. Our z = 0 GSMF therefore leads to concordant results in the high-mass regime of the local galaxy and SMBH populations and the gravitational-wave amplitude from merging SMBHs. An exception is that our BHMF yields a z = 0 SMBH mass density that is notably higher than the value estimated from quasars at higher redshifts.
Metal-poor Stars in the MW Disk: Resonant Cooling of Vertical Oscillations of Halo Stars in Barred Galaxies
Authors: Li Xingchen , Shlosman Isaac , Pfenniger Daniel , Heller Clayton
Published: August 2024

Using numerical simulations of a barred disk galaxy embedded in nonspinning and spinning dark matter (DM) halos, we present a novel mechanism of “cooling” the vertical oscillations of DM particles, which acquire disk kinematics. The underlying mechanism consists of resonant interactions between halo particles and the stellar bar, facilitated by a chaotic phase space of the system. The cooling mechanism acts both on dynamical and secular timescales, from ∼0.5 Gyr to a few Gyr. The stellar bar acts to absorb the kinetic energy of the vertical motions. Using a Milky Way (MW)–type stellar halo, we estimate the population of metal-poor disk stars trapped by the MW disk and analyze its kinematics. We find that the population of metal-poor MW disk stars with ∣z∣ ≲ 3 kpc detected by the Gaia DR3 and other surveys can have their origin in the stellar halo. The cooled population also migrates radially outwards by exchanging energy and angular momentum with the spinning bar, and prograde-moving stars have a different distribution from retrograde ones. Next, we calculated the ratio of the prograde-to-retrograde orbits of the cooled population and found that this ratio varies radially, with the fast-spinning stellar halo resulting in the shallower radial increase of this ratio outside of the corotation. The nonspinning stellar halo shows a monotonic increase of this ratio with radius outside the corotation. Together with the analyzed radial migration of these halo stars, the cooling phenomenon of halo metal-poor stars can explain their current disk population and has corollaries for the chemical evolution of disk galaxies in general.
Multiple Overspill Flood Channels from Young Craters Require Surface Melting and Hundreds of Meters of Midlatitude Ice Late in Mars’s History
Authors: Warren Alexandra O. , Wilson Sharon A. , Howard Alan , Noblet Axel , Kite Edwin S.
Published: August 2024

Mars’s tadpole craters are small, young craters whose crater rims are incised by one or more exit breaches but lack visible inlets. The tadpole-forming climate records the poorly understood drying of Mars since the Early Hesperian. A third of tadpole craters have multiple breaches; therefore, the climate must have been able to generate crater rim incision in multiple locations. We use HiRISE data for four multiple-breach tadpole craters to measure their crater fill, rims, and exit breaches. We compare these measurements and other data with our calculations of liquid water supply by rain, surface melting, groundwater discharge, and basal ice sheet melting to discriminate between four proposed formation hypotheses for tadpole breaches, favoring scenarios with ice-filled craters and supraglacial melting. We conclude that multiple-breach tadpole craters record hundreds of meters of midlatitude ice and climate conditions enabling intermittent melting in the Late Hesperian and Amazonian, suggesting that liquid water on Mars has only been available in association with water ice for billions of years.
Prevalence and risk factors for gallstone and renal stone formation in patients with intestinal Behçet’s disease
Authors: Song Jaewon , Park Soo Jung , Park Jae Jun , Kim Tae Il , Park Jihye , Cheon Jae Hee
Published: August 2024

Background/Aims: The association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and gallstone and renal stone formation has been established. However, few studies have investigated this association in patients with intestinal Behçet’s disease (BD). We aimed to examine the prevalence of gallstones and renal stones in patients with intestinal BD and identify potential risk factors.Methods: We analyzed gallstone and renal stone occurrences in 553 patients diagnosed with intestinal BD who had undergone cross-sectional imaging examinations between March 2005 and April 2021 at the IBD Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. Logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors for gallstone and renal stone formation.Results: Of 553 patients over a mean 12.1-year duration, 141 (25.4%) patients had gallstones and 35 (6.3%) had renal stones. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, disease duration > 19 years (OR 2.91, 95% CI 1.56–5.44, 0.002). No significant correlation 0.001), prior intestinal BD-related surgery (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.42–3.68, p < 0.001), and disease activity index for intestinal BD scores ≥ 75 (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.12–4.45, p = 0.022) were associated with increased gallstone occurrence. A positive correlation was observed between renal stones, disease duration > 19 years (OR 5.61, 95% CI 1.98–15.90, p = 0.001) and frequent hospitalization (> 3 times) (OR 3.29, 95% CI 1.52–7.13, p = 0.002). No significant correlation was observed between gallstone and renal stone occurrence.Conclusions: These findings contribute to greater understanding concerning gallstone and renal stone prevalence and associated risk factors in patients with intestinal BD.
Nash equilibria in risk-sensitive Markov stopping games under communication conditions
Authors: López-Rivero Jaicer , Cruz-Suárez Hugo , Camilo-Garay Carlos
Published: August 2024

This paper analyzes the existence of Nash equilibrium in a discrete-time Markov stopping game with two players. At each decision point, Player Ⅱ is faced with the choice of either ending the game and thus granting Player Ⅰ a final reward or letting the game continue. In the latter case, Player Ⅰ performs an action that affects transitions and receives a running reward from Player Ⅱ. We assume that Player Ⅰ has a constant and non-zero risk sensitivity coefficient, while Player Ⅱ strives to minimize the utility of Player Ⅰ. The effectiveness of decision strategies was measured by the risk-sensitive expected total reward of Player Ⅰ. Exploiting mild continuity-compactness conditions and communication-ergodicity properties, we found that the value function of the game is described as a single fixed point of the equilibrium operator, determining a Nash equilibrium. In addition, we provide an illustrative example in which our assumptions hold.
Ob devetdesetletnici dr. Emily Lyle
Authors: Mencej Mirjam
Published: August 2024

.
In Search of Treasure in Šalek: Creating Local Identity through Narrative Ostension
Authors: Kvartič Ambrož
Published: August 2024

People transform concrete real-life events into narratives, but the reverse is also true; folklore and narratives in general can also provoke a creative or active response in people and significantly shape their worldview and way of life. The cases in which this happens (through processes of narrative ostension) are also of interest to folklorists, as they provide crucial contextual information about how (folk) narratives function, spread and acquire meaning. Stories about hidden or buried treasure are among the most important narratives that provoke such ostensive (re)actions. People who live with them sometimes venture out into the symbolically significant but very real elements of local space (e.g. castles) and actively search for the treasure mentioned in a legend. Such is the case of Šalek Castle (in Velenje), where local folklore about buried treasure has prompted several generations of locals to head up to the castle and start digging.
Does Entrepreneurship Enhance the Performance of Listed Manufacturing Enterprises?
Authors: Wu Ganglong , Salman Syed Ahmed
Published: August 2024

Based on the sample data of Chinese A-share listed manufacturing enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2015 to 2022, the relationship between specific traits of entrepreneurship and enterprise performance in manufacturing was explored in depth and tested empirically. The results show that (1) entrepreneurial risk taking, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy all have a positive and significant effect on enterprise performance; (2) Entrepreneurial innovation and initiative all have a negative and significant effect on enterprise performance; (3) Entrepreneurship has a positive and significant effect on enterprise performance in different economic regions, but it has a greater effect on enterprise performance in regions with lower economic levels. Based on the above findings, five suggestions are made: stimulate and cultivate entrepreneurship; increase R&D investment and the proportion of R&D personnel; use financial leverage to improve ROA; increase enterprise market share and size; pay more attention to the cultivation of entrepreneurship in regions with lower economic levels.
Promoting Sustainability in Yemeni Construction SMEs
Authors: Al-Zubaidi Razi , Abdulsamad Akram , Ariffin Mohd Khairol Bin , Raqee Ali , Ahmed Hadi R. A.
Published: August 2024

This study examined the relationship between project planning, risk management, and sustainable development at construction SMEs in Yemen, emphasizing the mediating role of self-efficacy. Using a self-administered survey with a random sampling method, data was collected from 268 construction SMEs employees. Findings demonstrated that project planning management had a significant and positive influence on sustainable development and self-efficacy. Moreover, self-efficacy played a partially mediator role between project planning, risk management, and sustainable development. The result of the study suggests that construction SMEs can enhance project management's positive impact on sustainable development, leading to reduced costs, increased opportunities and profits, and overall organizational success. The research also offers insights into the role of project management and self-efficacy in fostering sustainability within the economy and society, stressing its significance in professional fields and the development of a stable economic and social environment.
A Shariah Compliance Analysis of Virtual Reality Technology Investment
Authors: Hassan Rusni , Asri Muhammad Nazmi Mohd , Noordin Nazrul Hazizi
Published: August 2024

It is imperative that Shariah-compliant investments shall adhere to the principles of Shariah, namely prohibition of interest, excessive uncertainties, gambling, and involvement in prohibited items such as alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs. In the age of Industrial Revolution 4.0, the emergence of advanced technologies like artificial intelligence, blockchain, robotics and virtual reality (VR) necessitates evaluating investments in these technologies from Shariah perspective. Globally, Shariah screening methodologies are adopted before they are offered to Islamic investors. In the case of VR technology, there is lack of studies on Shariah permissibility of its application and investment. This study discusses the Shariah compliance of VR technology investments and provides recommendations for the current Shariah screening practice. The study adopts qualitative research methodology, utilizing questionnaires distributed to Shariah scholars and case study analysis as the research design. Data is gathered through responses from interviewees and other secondary data sources.
Entrepreneurship and Innovation
Authors: Katjiteo Ancia
Published: August 2024

This chapter delves into the symbiotic relationship between entrepreneurship and innovation, exploring how these two forces synergistically drive economic growth and foster societal advancement. Entrepreneurship, characterized by the identification and exploitation of opportunities, serves as the engine of innovation, propelling novel ideas from conception to market realization. Through case studies and theoretical frameworks, the chapter illuminates how entrepreneurial endeavours cultivate an environment ripe for innovation, spurring disruptive technologies, business models, and social initiatives.
Major Challenges and Obstacles Faced in Agri-Entrepreneurship by the First Generation Agri-Entrepreneurs
Authors: Garima  , Bhardwaj Komal , Kumar Mukesh , Dhingra Atul
Published: August 2024

In India, agriculture and allied activities provide the majority of the rural population's primary source of income. Many efforts are being made to raise these people's standard of living. One such attempt is to boost agribusiness and support rural youngsters. The objective of the study is to identify the constraints faced by agripreneurs while selecting Agripreneurship as a profession as well as analyse the relationship between experience, number of employees and constraints faced by agripreneurs. A purposive sample technique was used to collect data from four geographical zones (east zone, west zone, north zone, and south zone) of Haryana state, which included 22 districts. To accomplish this objective, a Friedman test method has adopted. The major findings of the study highlights that most of the agripreneurs believed that lack of financial sources & marketing issues were the major barriers in selecting agri-preneurship as a profession and the study further revealed that there was no significant effect of number of employees and experience on major constraint faced by them.
Utilization of Key Technologies Can Support Managerial Innovation (MI) Within Core Business Operations
Authors: Aldaremi Abdulaziz , Owens Jonathan D. , Griffiths Marie
Published: August 2024

The utilisation of technology to support managerial innovation (MI) within core business operations can present opportunities for growth and continuity, since integrating technological advances within MI can help to underpin the development of a success-oriented approach for redefining the existing management practices within the context of technology adoption. MI provides a general framework for reframing the management approach of business activities with technology integration. Therefore, in the context of addressing the increasing costs in the global economy, this chapter discusses MI as an approach for interconnecting the subjects (organisational strategies, processes, policies, and regulations), objects (individuals responsible for performing their roles within the scope of the subjects of MI), and tools (linking the interaction between the subjects and objects by deploying a technology approach adopted for fostering innovation in the business model).
Empowering the Next Generation of Entrepreneurs
Authors: Deepak J. Peter Leo , Subramanian Yavana Rani
Published: August 2024

The modern economy demands individuals with adaptable mindsets and the ability to navigate rapid technological advancements. This chapter explores the growing importance of entrepreneurship education (EE) in equipping future generations with the skills and knowledge necessary to thrive in this ever-evolving landscape. While universities are increasingly incorporating EE programs, integrating it into K-12 curriculums presents a compelling opportunity. This chapter examines the benefits of early exposure to EE, analyses the challenges of implementation, and explores strategies for fostering a robust EE ecosystem. The case of India, a nation with a thriving start-up scene, is a prime example of the positive impact of EE on economic growth. By investing in EE programs at the K-12 level, nations can cultivate a future generation of innovators and entrepreneurs, driving economic progress and societal well-being.
Exploring the Influence of Technology Transfer Strategies on Entrepreneurial Innovation
Authors: R. Vijay Raja , Seshasai Saladi Jaswanth , Kumar G.
Published: August 2024

This research investigates the mediating role of inimitable based innovative entrepreneurship (IBIE) in the relationship between technology transfer strategies and organizational performance. It explores the impact of strategies like techno licensing, franchising, data analytics, corporate venturing, design thinking, and reverse engineering on entrepreneurial innovation, moderated by IBIE. Methodologically, an exploratory cross-sectional survey was conducted on 207 entrepreneurial firms, using purpose sampling. Structural equation modeling was employed for statistical analysis. The findings suggest that certain strategies, such as data-driven decision-making and design thinking, positively influence entrepreneurial innovation. While IBIE partially mediates the link between technology transfer strategies and organizational performance, it's evident that fostering inimitable entrepreneurial capabilities can enhance overall firm performance. Recommendations emphasize integrating technology transfer strategies to bolster IBIE and drive superior organizational performance.
Innovation Unleashed
Authors: S. Yogananthan , Ulle Ravishankar S. , Patil Kotresh , Gopalan Balaji
Published: August 2024

This study investigates how entrepreneurs are leveraging sustainable innovation to create successful and impactful ventures. Moving beyond the limitations of disruptive innovation models, the authors explore how sustainable approaches address environmental, social, and economic concerns. Through literature review, the authors examine relevant theories on sustainable innovation and entrepreneurship. They then delve into real-world applications by analyzing a selection of case studies. By dissecting the strategies and challenges faced by these ventures, the authors aim to illuminate the key drivers of success in sustainable entrepreneurship. These findings offer valuable insights for aspiring entrepreneurs, policymakers, and stakeholders invested in building a more sustainable future.
Entrepreneurial Insights
Authors: Vijay Jisha , Priyanka U.
Published: August 2024

The application of artificial intelligence in e-commerce has emerged as a crucial element for the growth of various businesses, elevating the customer experience. Thus, to establish a competitive edge in this e-commerce scenario, it is imperative that online merchants stay updated with the latest marketing strategies and trends. This chapter examines the role of AI in e - commerce, explores the aspects resulting in its adoption, and investigates its impact on e-commerce. This study adopted a qualitative research design by reviewing the existing literature and explicates models for artificial intelligence in the e - commerce industry. Through a review of relevant literature and case studies, this paper argues that artificial intelligence can provide business with a competitive advantage by the following.The primary implications of artificial intelligence are that it can help companies to optimize revenue.
Islamic Baking Innovation With a Special Focus on Al-Ijarah Thumma Al-Bai (AITAB)
Authors: Salman Syed Ahmed
Published: August 2024

Every market strives to develop new products and services. For a relatively new industry like Islamic banking, this is particularly crucial. The need to create fresh ideas and products that generate demand and ensure market competition is paramount. Islamic banks, in particular, must be innovative in their product offerings to gain a competitive edge over the 'already set' conventional banks. The increasing need to expand the range of products and services to meet consumers' more sophisticated needs and the complex requirements of today's business is a significant challenge. This chapter, focusing on AITAB, explores this unique product's mechanics, benefits, and challenges within Islamic banking. AITAB, with its crucial role in maintaining compliance with Sharia principles, also significantly contributes to fostering economic growth, thereby paving the way for a promising future of Islamic banking.
Protective effects of Terminalia arjuna bark extracts against glycation induced protein damage, oxidative stress, and hyperpigmentation
Authors: Perera H. K. I. , Jayasinghe J. A. V. R. , Lankarathna A. P. C. P. , Nilmanel K. G. , Sivakanesan R.
Published: August 2024

Glycation induced protein damage, and oxidative stress play a critical role in the development of chronic diabetic complications and skin aging. Terminalia arjuna (Kumbuk) bark has been used for medicinal purposes for thousands of years. Main objectives of the study were to assess in vitro inhibitory effects of T. arjuna bark extracts on glycation induced protein cross-linking and to assess heat stability of those effects. Additional objectives were to assess antityrosinase effects, total antioxidant activity, phenolic content, and flavonoid content of T. arjuna extracts. The effects of T. arjuna bark extracts were assessed using electrophoresis-based and colorimetric methods. Experiments were repeated on three separate occasions with appropriate controls. Fiji/ImageJ software was used to quantify the extent of protein cross-linking. Statistical significance of the differences of colorimetric assays was calculated using ANOVA. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. T. arjuna extracts showed strong inhibitory effects on glycation induced protein cross-linking and on tyrosinase activity. These effects showed heat stability to a great extent. Methanol extract demonstrated higher inhibitory effects on protein cross-linking compared to that of ethanol extracts. T. arjuna extracts demonstrated high total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and flavonoid content. Furthermore, antioxidant capacity showed a significantly positive correlation with polyphenolic and flavonoid contents. The results provide evidence to suggest the beneficial effects of T. arjuna bark in alleviating some mechanisms that cause chronic diabetic complications and skin aging. Findings also provide in vitro evidence to validate the traditional use of T. arjuna bark in diabetes mellitus and skin disorders.
Does Thyroidectomy Offer Quality of Life Advantage for Autoimmune Thyroiditis Patients?
Authors: Kumarathunga P. A. D. M. , Kanchana W. G. P. , Ratnayake P. , Antonypillai C. N.
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Significant reduction of subjective health status is frequently reported by many patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis despite adequate thyroxine replacement therapy. Studies have shown that thyroidectomy improves quality of life (QoL) in patients with HT and persistence symptoms, however there are conflicting evidence and we do not have our own data. QoL is an important aspect in management of chronic diseases like hypothyroidism which is less well touched in our population. Our findings highlight the potential of thyroidectomy in enhancing QoL for HT patients, contributing to the ongoing research on optimal management strategies for this condition. Objectives: To assess the QoL in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) who are biochemically euthyroid on thyroxine replacement therapy and to compare the QoL between patients managed medically and those who have undergone thyroidectomy with histologically confirmed HT. Methodology: We conducted a case-control study to compare the QoL using the SF-36 questionnaire among two groups of euthyroid Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients: those receiving medical management and those who are post-thyroidectomy, as well as a healthy matched control group. Confounders that could affect QoL were rigorously excluded, and parametric tests were utilized for data analysis. Results: A significantly lower overall QoL was noted in the medically managed group (n=23) compared to the thyroidectomy group (n=24), with mean scores of 63.72 versus 84.25, respectively (P-value < 0.0001). This trend was consistent across all domains of the SF-36 QoL questionnaire. The QoL scores of patients who underwent surgery were similar to those of the healthy control group. Additionally, no significant correlation was found between thyroperoxidase (TPO) antibody titers and QoL in the regression analysis. Conclusion: Overall, patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis on medical management exhibit significantly poorer QoL, despite adequate thyroxine replacement. This may be attributable to a complex interplay of immunological factors associated with an intact thyroid gland. Thyroidectomy could serve as a viable treatment alternative for these individuals. It is essential to develop algorithms to identify patients who would benefit most from thyroidectomy, ensuring they are thoroughly informed about the risks and benefits. Ongoing studies and the establishment of therapeutic guidelines are crucial for improving the management of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Association Between Parenting Styles Advocated by Midwives and Mothers’ Parenting Style
Authors: Krishnapradeep S. , Ekanayake R. , Weerasooriya N. , Hewamalage A. , Wickramasinghe P. , Mudiyanse R. M.
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Promoting healthy parenting practices is considered to be a part of public health midwives’ (PHMs) job in Sri Lanka. However, they do not undergo specific training to impart parenting skills to parents.Objectives: Objectives of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the advocacy of PHMs on parenting and its correlation with the parenting styles of mothers in the Central Province of Sri Lanka.Methodology: A cross-sectional exploratory study was conducted among 39 PHMs and 390 mothers conveniently selected by PHMs. Results: The mean age of the PHMs was 43.6 (SD=9.64) years and the mean service years was 19.5 (SD=11.49). All the PHMs advocated authoritative behaviours, and 91% of mothers were also predominantly authoritative, however, 2.5% were authoritarian, and 1.9% were permissive. But 80.5% of mothers appear to have embraced more than 5 authoritarian attributes, while 22.9% PHMs advocated authoritarian behaviour with a positive correlation (r=0.116, p=0.96). A significant correlation between PHM’s advocacy of authoritative attributes and parents’ authoritative characteristics (r = 0.716, p = 0.024) was noted. PHMs' permissiveness in advocacy correlates with parents’ authoritarian styles (r=0.219, p=0.03). PHM’s authoritative advocacy negatively correlates with neglecting parenting behaviors (r=-0.040, p=0.57). PHM’s negligence style of advocacy correlates negatively with parental authoritative behaviors (r=-0.013, p= 0.84). Conclusion: PHMs advocacy of authoritative parenting seems to support a healthy parenting style, while PHM supporting authoritarian, neglectful, and permissive attributes correlate with mothers’ negative parenting attributes. Training PHMs to advocate a healthy parenting style would be a beneficial community intervention.
Peripheral Blood Smear in a Patient with Pyrexia
Authors: Ekanayake T. D. , Athauda S.
Published: August 2024

No abstract available
The Presentation of Acute Pancreatitis in Sickle Cell Disease Patients
Authors: Al-Hindi Saeed , Khalaf Zahra , Al-Sousi AbdelSalam N.
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a haemoglobinopathy that leads to the formation of distorted sickle-shaped red blood cells that are prone to vaso-occlusion. This may lead to vaso-occlusive crises that may affect any organ. Acute pancreatitis (AP) in SCD patients may be mimicked by a vaso-occlusive crisis in the abdomen. The objective of this article is to analyse the clinical profiles of SCD patients with AP and understand the differences in the presentation of AP compared to an abdominal vaso-occlusive crisis and the difference between its presentation in SCD patients in comparison to other patients.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-eight SCD patients who were diagnosed with AP during their admission to the paediatric department at a tertiary hospital between January 2012 and December 2020 were retrospectively studied. Patients aged older than 14 years were excluded. The data collected concerned: demographics, the clinical course and the hospital course. The diagnosis and severity protocols followed the revised Atlanta Criteria.

Results:

The patients were aged with a mean of 9.61 years. There were 15 males and 13 females. Demographics were not significantly correlated to complication rates (P > 0.05). The mean duration of hospitalisation was 6.43 days. The most common clinical presentations were abdominal pain, fever, then vomiting and nausea. Three patients experienced complications and they were all cases of cholangitis (10.71%). There were no cases of pseudocysts, acute necrotic collections, pancreatic or peripancreatic necrosis or walled-off necroses. All of the cases of AP in SCD children were mild according to the revised Atlanta classification. Leucocytosis was present in 29.29% of patients and 17.8% of patients had high C-reactive proteins (CRPs). There was no significant correlation between leucocyte counts, CRP levels, serum or urinary amylase levels and complications (P > 0.05). All patients had haemoglobin (Hb) levels above 7 g/dL. The levels of sickle Hb ranged from 40 to 70 g/dL and reticulocyte counts averaged at 3.57%. Haematologic parameters were not significantly correlated with complication rates (P > 0.05). There were no recurrences.

Conclusion:

AP in SCD patients presented with classic signs and symptoms. There were no associations between demographics and complications. The levels of leucocytes, CRP counts and serum and urinary amylase were not correlated with complications. The level of Hb and sickle cell Hb was not associated with complication rates. Reticulocytes were slightly elevated in SCD patients with AP. More studies are needed to demarcate factors distinguishing AP in SCD from abdominal vaso-occlusive crises.
Intravaginal Foreign Body
Authors: Seck Ndeye Fatou , Zeng Florent Tshibwid A. , Ndoye Ndeye Aby , Ngom Gabriel
Published: August 2024

Vaginal discharge is a common gynaecologic complaint in pre-menarchal girls. However, an intravaginal foreign body (FB) must be suspected when it is persistent. We report the case of a referred 4-year-old girl with a 5-month history of persistent foul-smelling vaginal discharge. Clinical examination confirmed purulent vaginal discharge, along with a vaginal granuloma. A hard, intravaginal object was felt through the anterior rectal wall on digital rectal examination. A plain pelvic X-ray revealed a radiopaque object whose intravaginal position was confirmed by ultrasonography. The patient underwent granuloma excision plus FB removal and antibiotic treatment. The 12-month follow-up was unremarkable.
Congenital Mesenteric Defect with Transmesenteric Hernia in Children
Authors: Sreekanth Kanjiyil Thamarapilli , Loganathan Arun Kumar , Bal Harshjeet Singh
Published: August 2024

Transmesentric hernias are a type of internal hernia, in which there is herniation of bowel loops through a defect in the mesentery. They present with a wide variety of symptoms without any specific radiological features, leading to a delay in diagnosis and high mortality rate. Here, we present a case series of four patients with this rare but fatal cause of small bowel obstruction. Three children presented to the emergency department with small bowel obstruction. The other baby was a preterm neonate with an antenatal scan showing small bowel obstruction. All children underwent emergency laparotomy and were found to have a mesenteric defect with herniation and gangrene of the small bowel. Resection anastomosis of the gangrenous segment and closure of the mesenteric defect were done. The differential for small bowel obstruction in children should include transmesentric hernia. Laboratory or imaging investigations are often inconclusive. Timely exploration can save lives in this rare but life-threatening condition.
Isolated Vascular Malformation of the Clitoris
Authors: Bakhteyar Asjad Karim , Parveen Zamurrad , Rahul Sandip Kumar
Published: August 2024

Clitoral enlargement (clitoromegaly) due to non-hormonal causes, particularly due to vascular malformation, is rare. Only eight such cases are reported in the literature. We report an additional case of isolated vascular malformation implicating the clitoris of a young girl child and its surgical management.
Factors Associated with Outcomes at 1 Year in Paediatric Post-nephrectomy Patients for Nephroblastoma at the University Teaching Hospital and Cancer Diseases Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Muulu Moonde Zachias , Bvulani Bruce , Shinondo Patricia , Kaonga Patrick
Published: August 2024

Background:

Nephroblastoma is the most common primary malignant renal tumour of childhood. The survival rates in high-income countries are approximately 90%. However, low-income countries have low survival rates of 20%–50%. This study assessed factors associated with treatment outcomes of children post-nephrectomy for nephroblastoma at the University Teaching Hospital and Cancer Diseases Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted, where all children diagnosed with unilateral Wilms tumour below the age of 16 years who had nephrectomy from July 2016 to June 2019 were enrolled. Sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were noted. All data were coded and stored in a tabular format using Microsoft Excel. Statistical software STATA version 13 was used for analysis.

Results:

Thirty patients were enrolled. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. The 1-year event-free survival was 46.7%. Treatment abandonment accounted for 36.6% of the participants. 16.7% of the patients had disease progression. No patient had a relapse or died during the 1-year follow-up period. 66.7% had advanced disease stages III and IV. Advancement in age (above 4.3 years), living in a rural environment more than 100 km away from Lusaka and advanced disease stage were all associated with a poor outcome.

Conclusions:

Factors associated with a poor outcome in this study were advanced age and late presentation.
Impact of alcohol dependence syndrome severity on male sexual dysfunction: A CONSORT-guided cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Faizan Md Adil , Kandhi Sri Divya Reddy , Geethanjali  , Sudheer Bangaru
Published: August 2024

Background:

This study investigates the relationship between male sexual dysfunction, such as erectile dysfunction, decreased libido, premature ejaculation, and alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS).

Methods:

This cross-sectional study evaluated sexual dysfunction in 260 married patients with an ADS diagnosis based on CONSORT standards. Participants were chosen from an outpatient psychiatry department. The Arizona Sexual Experience Scale and the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire Scale were among the instruments utilized.

Results:

We found a strong link between sexual dysfunction and the severity of ADS. A smaller but statistically significant percentage (16.15%) of the subjects showed signs of severe alcohol dependence compared to half (50%) who showed mild dependence.

Conclusions:

The results highlight the connection between sexual dysfunction and the severity of alcohol dependence, indicating the necessity for focused therapies. Sexual dysfunction was more common as ADS severity grew, indicating the need for more treatment options and raising awareness.