Influence of Constructive and Operational Factors on Stability of Movement of a Road Train with the Trailer of the O1 Category
Authors:   National Transport University, Sakhno Volodymyr , Sharay Svitlana ,   National Transport University, Murovany Igor ,   Lutsk National Technical University, Chovcha Igor ,   Separate structural subdivision “Kyiv Transport and Economic Vocational College of the National Transport University”, Onyshchuk Vasyl ,   Lutsk National Technical University
Published: July 2022

The issues of stability and controllability of cars and road trains (ATZ) in connection with their practical importance have been studied by many researchers. If the issues of transportation of bulky goods are studied well enough, then for the transportation of light cargo, which uses low-capacity road trains with simple single- or two-axle trailers, the issues of stability are not fully studied. Recommendations for changing the design parameters to improve a particular type of stability are different and sometimes contradict the requirements for other performance of the car, in particular, its smoothness and passability. Qualitative assessment of stability is performed on the basis of the general theory of stability of motion AM Lyapunov. Steady motion according to Lyapunov is realized in a previously unknown region of initial perturbations, which are called the region of attraction of undisturbed motion. There is a problem of defining the boundaries of this area. To solve it, the system of equations of plane-parallel motion of a road train with a trailer of category O1 was improved, from which the critical speed of rectilinear motion and the rate of oscillation instability were determined, and the factors influencing its numerical value were analyzed. The analysis of calculations showed that in the event of perturbation at speeds up to 31 m / s (30.8 m / s) the nature of changes in the lateral and angular velocities of the traction vehicle during the transient process is extinguished. Under the same conditions, when the velocity increases above 31 m / s (31.5 m / s), the nature of the change in lateral and angular velocities also fades, but there are fluctuations. At increase in speed to 32 m / s fluctuations of parameters of movement will be divergent that will lead to loss of stability and impossibility of the further movement. This movement should be considered unstable, which should be avoided. The stability of motion can be judged to a greater extent by the magnitude of the lateral accelerations acting in the center of mass of the individual links. The stability of the road train under consideration at nominal parameters of loading, air pressure in tires of all wheels, symmetrical loading of the trailer, loading on the traction coupling device within 500 N is provided, in particular critical speed of rectilinear movement made 33,97 m / s. oscillating instability 31.5 m / s), which is much higher than the normalized value of the maximum speed for road trains with trailers of category O1 (25 m / s), the maximum lateral acceleration when performing maneuvers such as circular motion, steering wheel jerk and "shift" is not exceeded the maximum allowable 0.45g.