bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antifungal activity of soybean rhizosphere actinomycetes producing bioactive compounds against Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: MARIASTUTI HIMA DEWI , LISTIYOWATI SRI , WAHYUDI ARIS TRI
Published: February 2021

Mariastuti HD, Listiyowati S, Wahyudi AT. 2018. Antifungal activity of soybean rhizosphere actinomycetes producing bioactive compounds against Fusarium oxysporum. Biodiversitas 19: 2127-2133. Actinomycetes are known as the most potential source bioactive compounds. This research aimed to explore the potential of actinomycetes isolated from rhizosphere of soybean in antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum, a pathogen causing damping off, wilt, and root rot in soybean. Of 18 actinomycetes isolates tested, 9 isolates had antifungal activity against F. oxysporum in different inhibition percentages ranging from 38.69% to 73.50%. The lowest and the highest inhibition percentage were performed by ARK 63 and ARK 94 respectively. As tested by compatibility assay, all of isolates were compatible toward Bradyrhizobium japonicum, a symbiotic bacteria which colonized the soybean root confirmed by no clear zone formed in the agar medium. The activity of 9 isolates was confirmed in sterile and nonsterile soil toward in planta test. All of these isolates exhibited the consistent antifungal activity both in vitro and in planta. The diseases suppression in sterile soil was ranging from 36% to 80.7% while in non-sterile soil was ranging from 67% to 100%. The highest disease suppression in sterile soil was performed by ARK 17 while in non-sterile soil was performed by ARK 92 and ARK 94. Supporting the results, 5 crude extracts of the potential isolates also showed the antifungal activity with inhibition percentage ranging from 19% to 54.09%. The highest inhibition percentage was performed by ARK 94. ARK 94 showed consistent inhibition against F. oxysporum in vitro, in planta, and also in crude extract assay. Chemical composition of crude extract derived from ARK 94 was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Among 12 major compounds, 7 compounds act as antifungal based on some references. Based on those potential characters, this isolate is potential to be further developed as biocontrol agent.
A checklist of medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in the central region of Thailand
Authors: CHAIPHONGPACHARA TANAWAT , LAOJUN SEDTHAPONG , JONGVISUTTISAN NITIWOOT , TUBSAMUT PATCHARAPRON , DASOM APICHAYA
Published: February 2021

Chaiphongpachara T, Laojun S, Jongvisuttisan N, Tubsamut P, Dasom A. 2018. A checklist of medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in the central region of Thailand. Biodiversitas 19: 2134-2139. This study surveyed species of medically important flies in the central region of Thailand including Samut Songkram (coastal area representative), Bangkok (urban area representative), Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya (Lower alluvial area representative), Nakhon Sawan (upper alluvial area representative) and Sukhothai (mountainous area representative). This was done through a division of the central region into 5 areas, according to the landscape, including the coastal area, urban area, upper alluvial area, lower alluvial area and mountainous area. Flies were collected using insect nets and fly traps during July 2018. A total was 3872 adult flies, belonging to 4 subfamilies and 6 genera within 9 species were captured. The highest numbers of flies were found in the mountainous area, followed by coastal areas, upper alluvial area, urban area and lower alluvial area, respectively. All the study areas were within the central region of Thailand. The Chrysomya megacephala was the predominant species, with a total of 2953 adult flies captured. This was followed by the Musca domestica (n = 563), Achoetandrus rufifacies (n = 177) and Sacrophaga spp. (n = 137), respectively. The four species of flies collected in this study were Lucilia cuprina (n = 28), A. villeneuvi (n = 2), C. nigripes (n = 2) and Hemipygiopsis ligurriens (n = 2). The results of this study showed the distribution of flies, which is important information for diarrhoea vector control.
Molecular characterization of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria using 16S rRNA sequences in the organic rice field of Sukorejo Village, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: SANTOSA SLAMET , SUTARNO SUTARNO , PURWANTO EDI , SURANTO SURANTO , SAJIDAN SAJIDAN
Published: February 2021

Santosa S, Sutarno, Purwanto E, Suranto, Sajidan. 2018. Molecular characterization of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria using 16S rRNA sequences in the organic rice field of Sukorejo Village, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2157-2162. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) are rhizosphere bacteria that can be utilized to increase plant growth and suppress plant diseases. PGPR concentrate on the concept of sustainable agriculture due to their role as biostimulant by synthesizing and regulating the concentration of various phytohormones and as biofertilizers. It is important to determine the original PGPR found in the roots of rice plants. This study aimed to identify PGPR based on 16S rRNA sequences. The bacterial strain was isolated from the rhizospheric soil of IR 64 organic and inorganic rice fields in the region of Sragen District, Central Java, Indonesia. The bacterial isolates were grown on the Luria Bertani (LB) Agar Medium. There were 10 colonies obtained with different morphological variations, nine of those were from the organic rice field. Molecular characterization using 16R rRNA sequences suggested the identity the nine isolates were of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain RI-98-1, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain S431, Bacillus subtilis strain CEB2, Bacillus cereus strain ATCC 14579 clone EA195, S. maltophilia strain 5517, Exiguobacterium acetylicum strain SSA-3, Serratia nematodiphila strain HC4, Bacillus cereus strain ANP221, and Acinetobacter junii strain M. pstv. 21.4 Pseudomonas and Bassilus produce phytohormones (auxins) and convert inorganic phosphate to organic and Stenotropomonas can increase the growth of Acinetobacter and Exigobacterium as phosphate solvents in the soil.
Antimicrobial activities of actinomycete isolates from rhizospheric soils in different mangrove forests of Torosiaje, Gorontalo, Indonesia
Authors: RETNOWATI YULIANA , MOELJOPAWIRO SUKARTI , DJOHAN TJUT SUGANDAWATY , SOETARTO ENDANG SUTARININGSIH
Published: February 2021

Retnowati Y, Moeljopawiro S, Djohan TjS, Soetarto ES. 2018. Antimicrobial activities of actinomycetes isolates from rhizospheric soil on different mangrove forests of Torosiaje, Gorontalo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2196-2203. Mangrove forests are very productive ecosystems that form unique saline environment very rich in organic matter, containing nitrogen and sulfur available for microorganisms. Mangrove forest as an extreme environment is promising to be sources of antibiotic-producing actinomycetes. The objectives of this study were to analyze the antimicrobial activities of metabolites produced by actinomycete isolates from rhizospheric soil of mangrove forest of Torosiaje, Gorontalo, Indonesia, and identify the active compound for novel antibiotics production. Six isolates from a coastal mangrove forest was selected to produce secondary metabolite. The crude extract of the six selected actinomycete isolates showed antimicrobial activities against pathogenic microbes; the highest antimicrobial activities was indicated by metabolite produced by FUAm2-h1 and FMBg2-x3 isolates. The metabolite crude extracts produced by two potential isolates inhibited growth of pathogenic microbe on MIC value of 0.0625 to 0.5mgmL-1. Bio-autography assay detected an active compound on Rf value of 0.94, especially on extracellular metabolite produced by strain FUAm2-h1. The bioactive compounds were identified by liquid chromatography joined with low-resolution mass spectroscopy (LC/MS) and analysed by MEDINA's database The active compounds composed of 17 substances, and only 3 substances showed a high quantity with molecular weight of 507.37, 344.32 and 563.66 mol G-1, respectively. FTIR analyses identified the functional groups in the active compounds consisted of amide, amine, alkuna, alkane, NO2 nitro compound, alcohol, ether, carboxylic acid, ester and C-H aromatic ring. The biosynthesis of antibiotic on FUAm2-h1 and FMBg2-x3 isolates was regulated by double genes, i.e., PKS-II and NRPS genes. The antimicrobial activities of two actinomycete isolates showed the performance of antibiotics suspected as aromatics polyketides group. The FUAm2-h1 and FMBg2-x3 isolates showed high similarity with Streptomyces qinglanensis strain 172205 and Streptomyces sanyensis strain 219820, respectively, in terms of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The potential of those selected actinomycetes from extreme environments of mangrove forest constitute a source of promising actinomycete strains producing biologically active secondary metabolites.
Ideal planting space for merbau (Intsia bijuga) forest plantations in Papua based on distance-dependent competition
Authors: SIRAMI ELIESER VIKTOR , MARSONO DJOKO , SADONO RONGGO , IMRON MUHAMMAD ALI
Published: February 2021

Sirami EV, Marsono D, Sadono R, Imron MA. 2018. Ideal planting space for merbau (Intsia bijuga) forest plantations in Papua based on distance-dependent competition. Biodiversitas 19: 2219-2231. Distance-based competition between merbau (Intsia bijuga (Colebr.) Kuntze) and neighboring trees could be applied to determine the planting space between merbau trees and shade trees in plantations. This research was conducted to identify the characteristics of merbau competition with neighboring trees and determine the ideal spacing of merbau trees. The sampling design using was the systematic line technique with hypothetical plot and sample tree as the quadrant center. The competitors were determined using a virtual high approach and header contact. Distance-based competitions were identified using the Hegyi index. Sixteen species had the highest competition index because of their dominance in the tree structure, namely Pometia coriacea, Intsia bijuga, Pimelodendron amboinicum, Horsfieldia laevigata, Palaquium amboinense, Pometia pinnata, Garcinia sp., Spathiostemon javensis, Prunus costata, Sterculia macrophylla, Terminalia complanata, Lepiniopsis ternatensis, Horsfieldia irya, Dysoxylum octandrum, Buchanania arborescens, and Ficus similis. Merbau responded to the high intensity of competition by tilting its canopy in the opposite direction to the position of the competitors’ canopy, making an irregular canopy shape, and growing the first branch at the lowest point on the stem. The ideal planting space for merbau trees in the plantations was 3-7 m.
Knowledge and perception of pelung keepers’s toward chicken contests in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: ASMARA INDRAWATI Y. , GARNIDA DANI , SULISYTATI MARINA , TEJANINGSIH SAFITRI , PARTASASMITA RUHYAT
Published: February 2021

Asmara IY, Garnida D, Sulisytati M, Tejaningsih S, Partasasmita R. 2018. ­­­­Knowledge and perception of pelung keepers’s toward chicken contests in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2232-2237. Pelung chicken is an indigenous chicken breed which has social and cultural functions in particular communities in Indonesia. Contests are conducted regularly as a media to show the singing ability of Pelung chickens and the activities are considered important to maintain the existence of the chickens. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and perceptions of chicken keepers toward chicken contests for Pelung chickens. A survey using open and structured questionnaire was conducted to collect data involving 133 Pelung keepers. The study was carried out in four districts in West Java Province, Indonesia including Cianjur, Sukabumi, Bandung, and Garut Districts. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The result showed that almost respondents knew about contests and they defined contests as a media to find good breeds as well as a media to find and/or improve networks. Main sources of information contests were the organization, family, and social media. Respondents had positive perception toward contests, and they actively participated in the different level of contests. The findings are important as social input for the management of animal genetic resources (AnGR) in Indonesia
Ichthyofauna checklist (Chordata: Actinopterygii) for indicating water quality in Kampar River catchment, Malaysia
Authors: NG CASEY KEAT-CHUAN , WONG PETER AUN-CHUAN OOI, WEY-LIM , KHOO GIDEON
Published: February 2021

Ng CKC, Ooi PAC, Wong WL, Khoo G. 2018. Ichthyofauna checklist (Chordata: Actinopterygii) for indicating water quality in Kampar River catchment, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 19: 2252-2274. The limnological habitats are receptors of pollution, thus local fish species richness is a plausible biological indicator to reflect the quality of a particular water body. However, database on species occurrence that corresponds with the water physico-chemistry constituents is often not available. The problem is compounded by the lack of species identification description to assist those working on river and freshwater resource conservation projects. This paper attempts to fill the gaps in the context of Kampar River drainage. Based on sampling exercises conducted from October 2015 to March 2017, an annotated list with visual data for 56 species belonging to 44 genera and 23 families is presented. The water physico-chemistry data is also summarized with the corresponding visual data of limnological zones studied. The species diversity results are further compared with other local drainages and the correlation between area size and their relationship is expressed by y = 17.627e0.0601x. This paper provides species-level identification information for front line practice and demonstrates how the fish taxonomy discipline can be adapted for practical application in freshwater resource monitoring and management.
Bycatch composition of cutlassfish trawlers during fishing season in Bushehr and Hormozgan, Persian Gulf, Iran
Authors: SABET AHMAD FOULADI , PAIGHAMBARI SEYED YOUSEF , POULADI MOJTABA , RAEISI HADI , NADERI REZA ABBASPOUR
Published: February 2021

Fouladi Sabet A, Paighambari SY, Pouladi M, Raeisi H, Abbaspour Naderi R. 2018. Bycatch composition of cutlassfish trawlers during fishing season in Bushehr and Hormozgan, Persian Gulf, Iran. Biodiversitas 19: 2275-2282. This investigation was conducted to determine the bycatch composition of cutlassfish (Trichiurus lepturus) trawlers in Bushehr and Hormozgan waters during fishing season 2013. Data collection was carried out in the summer for Bushehr and in the autumn for Hormozgan province for one month. All trawler vessels were equipped with a 36 m head rope and 75 mm stretched mesh size in the codend and 90 to 200 mm stretched mesh size in the panel. 47 species included 35 species of teleosts, 9 species of elasmobranches and 3 species of invertebrates were identified in Bushehr. Also, 48 species included 38 species of teleosts, 7 species of elasmobranches and 3 species of invertebrates were identified in Hormozgan. The weight and numerical averages of bycatch species were 25.41 (kg h-1) and 205.9 (n h-1) in Bushehr, and 92.58 (kg h-1) and 440.4 (n h-1) in Hormozagan. I. megaloptera, S. tumbil, N. japonicus, D. acuta, C. sexfasciatus, L. equulus in Bushehr and P. sextarius, I. megalopteran, M. cinereus, P. macrophthalmus, N. japonicus and S. tumbil in Hormozgan had highest catch weight. Based on the weight and number, PCA and nMDS methods were indicative of two different assemblages in hunting places. Furthermore, ANOSIM similarity analysis confirmed the results of PCA and nMDS and showed a significant difference in the catch composition of two fishing zones.
Short Communication: Genetic variability of local corn cultivars from Kisar Island, Maluku, Indonesia based on morphological characters
Authors: SINAY HERMALINA , KARUWAL RITHA L.
Published: February 2021

Sinay H, Karuwal RL. 2018. Short Communication: Genetic variability of local corn cultivars from Kisar Island, Maluku, Indonesia based on morphological characters. Biodiversitas 19: 2302-2307. The purpose of this research is to know the relationship of local corn cultivars derived from Kisar Island based on the morphological characterization. The research was conducted in Kisar Island, Southwest Maluku District, Maluku Province, Indonesia. The morphological characterization was performed on 5 stem characters, 14 leaf characters, 15 male flower characters, 2 female flower characters, 12 cob characters, and 12 seed characters. The description was conducted using the corn descriptor guide by CIMMYT, IBPGR, UPOV, and Departemen Pertanian Republik Indonesia. Color standardization was conducted following standard color charts from the Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart. The data was described and scored based on the appearance of each plant organ observed in the field relative to the descriptor guide. The scoring results were then standardized into 0/1 binary data, which were then analyzed by NTSYS program used for dendrogram construction. Cluster analysis shows that there are two main groups of corn cultivars. The first group consists of merah delima tongkol cokelat, merah darah, putih, kuning genjah, and merah delima tongkol putih. The second group consists of kuning dalam and pulut cultivars.
Profiles of water quality at Menjangan Besar Island, Karimunjawa, Central Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: SULARDIONO BAMBANG , A’IN CHURUN , MUSKANANFOLA MAX RUDOLF
Published: February 2021

Sulardiono B, A’in C, Muskananfola MR. 2018. Profiles of water quality at Menjangan Besar Island, Karimunjawa, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2308-2315. The development of anthropogenic and tourism activities causes the ecological impact on water quality. The profile of water quality and sediment are the representation of environmental condition of ecosystems, then they could be indicators of pollution, fertility, suitability, and environmental carrying capacity on marine life. This study aimed to characterize the environmental indicator based on the quality profile of Menjangan Besar waters, Karimunjawa, Central Java. Data collection using a purposive sampling method based on water and sediment characteristics in Menjangan Besar waters. The research location is divided into three stations, namely: station A: the waters of fish cage activity; station B: floating guesthouse activity; and station C: seaweed marine culture. Variable on water quality profile consists of N-NO3 (mg/L) and PO4-P (mg/L), chlorophyll-α (mg/m3), and bacterial (CFU/mL), and other water quality support, while the variables on sediment quality profile consist of Phosphorus (mg/g) and PO4-P (mg/g), organic (%), C-organic (%) and bacterial (CFU/g), and sediment grain size. The calculation data analysis method of water and sediment total bacteria profile used Total Plate Count (TPC) by following SNI 7545.1 (2009), while analysis for nitrification bacteria (Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter) using Most Probable Number (MPN). Data analysis of sediment grains size used two methods, i.e. (i) dry mechanic method by using sieve shaker, and (ii) wet mechanic method by using a pipette. Data analysis of nitrate and phosphate using Brucine Sulfanilik method. Mapping of the spatial distribution of measurement data for water nutrient contents (NO3-N and PO4-P), bacteria, and Chlorophyll-α in the waters using ArcGIS software application tool. The results showed that nitrification bacteria content in the water column is lower than in the sediments layer. Total bacteria content in both the water column and sediment layer varies between stations. Total bacteria in station A is higher than the other stations. The water nutrient content (Nitrate and Phosphate) is still above the quality standard for Marine Biota (Kepmen LH No. 51/2004). The condition of the fertility of Menjangan Besar waters is oligotrophic tend to mesotrophic, in the sense that the waters quality is low to medium conditions, and not yet dangerous for marine biota.
Characterization of phytochemicals and yield components in various okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) genotypes
Authors: YORA MUHARAMA , SYUKUR MUHAMAD , SOBIR SOBIR
Published: February 2021

Yora M, Syukur M, Sobir. 2018. Characterization of phytochemicals and yield components in various okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) genotypes. Biodiversitas 19: 2323-2328. Okra is a group of vegetable and medicinal plants possessing various health benefits. This plant has different shapes, colors and nutritional content. In Indonesia, this plant has not been widely cultivated, because the socialization and information of okra benefits to the Indonesian people are still limited. The aims of this study were to analyze phytochemicals, anthocyanins and carotene content, and to analyze the correlation among okra genotypes based on their morphological characters. This study was conducted from September 2017 to January 2018, using Complete Randomized Group Design with three replications and 13 genotypes namely PB01Nai, PB02Zah, PB03Clem, PB04Stri, PB13-293, PB05-291, PB06-004, PB07-127, PB08P1, PB09P2, PB10-MC, PB11-069, and PB12-OR. The observation was made on the variables of phythochemical, anthocyanin, carotene, chlorophyll and yield components on okra fruit. The results showed that all okra fruits have steroid phytochemical content and some of them had phytochemical content of Saponin and Tanin. Based on the carotene and chlorophyll analysis of 13 okra fruit genotypes, it showed that PB11-069 genotype contained the highest carotene and chlorophyll contents. While okra fruit having the highest anthocyanin content was PB05-291. The results of cluster analysis showed that okra was clustered into three color groups. The anthocyanin content found in okra fruit does not correlated with the yield component variable. Chlorophyll-α, β, and total chlorophyll are positively correlated to carotene in okra fruit and variable number of fruits. The character of number and weight per plant greatly influences the determination of the selection process. Accordingly, the characters can be used as a selection character so as to produce a high yield okra containing high chlorophyll and carotene contents.
Smallholder farmers livestock production on the face of climate change in Bahir Dar, Zuria District, Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: ASMARE BIMREW , MEHERET FENTAHUN
Published: February 2021

Asmare B, Meheret F. 2018. Smallholder farmers livestock production on the face of climate change in Bahir Dar, Zuria District, Northwestern Ethiopia. Biodiversitas 19: 2329-2334. The objective of the study was to assess the livestock production and marketing system in smallholder systems of the area Bahir Dar Zuria district. Three kebeles were selected from Bahir Dar Zuria district based on livestock production experience and accessibility to the road. A total of 90 respondent farmers were used to conduct the assessment, and 4 key informants in each Kebele were used to get additional information. Primary data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and supplemented with key informants and secondary data sources. Descriptive statistics such as frequency (%) and mean were employed to present the qualitative variables obtained from the survey. The average land holding in the area was 0.73 ha of total land with 0.53 ha cropland and 0.2 ha private grazing land. With regard to labor allocation for livestock, family labor was involved in 91.18% of respondents while in the rest hired labor herded, fed, and watered livestock. With regard to water sources, the major source of water for livestock in the households was river (89%) while the remaining respondents use dug well for their livestock. The frequency of watering livestock was twice a day (51%) in the dry season and once a day (44.3%) in the wet season. Most of respondents (53.65%) sell their live animals during religious festivities followed by selling during the season of critical feed shortage (24.45%). Although smallholder farmers are vulnerable groups to climate change the majority (42%) had no information about climate change problem in the study area. The perception of household heads indicated that the livestock holding in the last five years of the family increased in most of the respondents (51%), followed by decreased condition (33%) and remained constant for the rest of the respondents (16%). Overall, it is important to assist livestock producer in enabling them benefit most from livestock and their products.
Mass vegetative propagation of rare and endangered tree species of Indonesia by shoot cuttings by KOFFCO method and effect of container type on nursery storage of rooted cuttings
Authors: RACHMAT HENTI HENDALASTUTI , SUBIAKTO ATOK , SUSILOWATI ARIDA
Published: February 2021

Rachmat HH, Subiakto A, Susilowati A. 2018. Mass vegetative propagation of rare and endangered tree species of Indonesia by shoot cuttings by KOFFCO method and effect of container type on nursery storage of rooted cuttings. Biodiversitas 19: 2353-2358. The Forestry Research and Development Agency (FORDA) and The Advance Research of Komatsu Ltd have developed a mass propagation technique using shoot cuttings, namely KOFFCO system (Komatsu-FORDA Fog Cooling System). KOFFCO system controls environmental factors (temperature, humidity, and light intensity) to produce high percentage of rooted cuttings. The seed production of dipterocarp species is unreliable and unpredictable. Thus, vegetative propagation is an alternative means for producing planting materials of dipterocarp species. An attempt was made to produce rooted cuttings of rare and endangered dipterocarp and non-dipterocarp species of the Indonesian native trees, for further use in both reforestation and plantation programs. In fact, this study attempts to answer two specific research questions: (i) What is the potential of KOFFCO system as a vegetative mass propagation technique for Indonesian dipterocarps and non-dipterocarps? (ii) What is the effect of container types on long-term post-nursery storage of dipterocarp planting stock? To answer the first question stated above, vegetative propagation through shoot cuttings of 24 species belonging to 7 genera of dipterocarps and 13 species belonging to 12 genera of non-dipterocarps was attempted (>30.000 cuttings, in total), using KOFFCO system. The results showed that KOFFCO is an efficient innovative technology for the successful mass propagation from cuttings. 100% root formation obtained for Nauclea orientalis, Anotephalus macrophyllus and Ficus sp. To find the answer for the second question, storage experiments and growth observations of the planting stock of selected dipterocarp species was performed, using three different types of containers. Rooted cuttings of six species of dipterocarps with same germination date were tested in each type of the container. The result showed that medium sized square and medium sized round containers produced an average height increment of 19.92 cm and 21.58 cm, respectively, in a year, while small sized square containers produced only 13.94 cm height increment. Both square and round shaped containers are appropriate for short term storage of planting stock, while small containers are more appropriate for storing planting stocks or seedlings for a longer period.
Genetic diversity analysis of daluga (Cyrtosperma merkusii) using Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism in Siau, Sangihe and Talaud Islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: ERLINAWATI INA , ABINAWANTO ABINAWANTO , SALAMAH ANDI , RUGAYAH RUGAYAH
Published: February 2021

Erlinawati I, Abinawanto, Salamah A, Rugayah. 2018. Genetic diversity analysis of daluga (Cyrtosperma merkusii) using Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism in Siau, Sangihe and Talaud Islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2374-2380. Daluga or the giant swamp taro (Cyrtosperma merkusii (Hassk.) Schott, a member of Araceae, is one of the minor tuber crops in Indonesia. It has high nutritional value for alternative food. Sequences-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) primers combinations were used for the first time to assess the genetic diversity among 36 of daluga accessions from several locations in Siau, Sangihe and Talaud islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. All of the samples were successfully extracted from silica-gel dried leaves using CTAB methods with minor modifications. Using six SRAP primer combinations, a total of 80 DNA fragments were yielded, varied from 75-1500 bp. The scoring of the fragments resulted in 68 (85.03%) polymorphic bands. Amongst four populations studied, Siau Island population has the highest level of genetic variation with mean values of Na = 1.9375±0.2436, Ne = 1.6409 ± 0.3255, PPL = 93.75%, H = 0.3614 ± 0.1516 and I = 0.5299 ± 0.1978. Meanwhile, Salibabu, Talaud Island population has the lowest level of genetic variation with mean values of Na = 1.5125 ± 0.5030, Ne = 1.3075 ± 0.3723 , PPL = 51.25%, H = 0.1800 ± 0.1989 and I = 0.2700 ± 0.2855. The high of polymorphic bands were generated by SRAP markers suitable for further analysis method in applied and basic of the genetic study on Cyrtosperma species and also related genera. This new genetic information can be used for baseline data for further research especially to improving the variation of daluga and for the conservation of daluga in the future.
A theoretical framework for studying the co-creation of innovative solutions and public value
Authors: Torfing Jacob , Ferlie Ewan , Jukić Tina , Ongaro Edoardo
Published: February 2021

The expansion of the scope and significance of co-creation in public policy and governance prompts the integration of different theoretical strands that together can help us illuminating the antecedent conditions, the processes of multi-actor collaboration, the creation of innovative solutions, and the assessment of their public value. Exploring the affinities and complementarities of relevant perspectives such as theories of co-creation, public value management, public innovation, collaborative governance, network governance, strategic management and digital era governance may foster a more comprehensive framework for studying the co-creation of public value outcomes such as needs-based services, effective governance and democratic legitimacy. This introduction seeks to explain why we must transform the public sector in order to spur co-creation, how strategic management and digital platforms can support this transformation, and why we must bring together and synthesize different bodies of theory when studying the complex processes of co-creation and their drivers, barriers and outcomes.
Large-group psychology and political conflicts: an introduction to the psychosocial work of Vamik Volkan
Authors: Volkan Vamik , Richards Barry
Published: February 2021

Professor Volkan responds to questions about the emergence and development of his work as a psychoanalytic consultant and mediator in inter- and intra-national conflict situations. He outlines the circumstances of its beginnings at the University of Virginia and its subsequent growth including the development of interventions based on the ‘Tree Model’. He emphasises the centrality to this informal diplomatic work of the concept of large-group identity, and refers to some of the elaborations of this, for example in the influential concepts of chosen trauma and chosen triumph. He discusses the relationship of this non-clinical application of psychoanalytic ideas to the clinically-based schools of psychoanalytic thought, considers the conditions which lend themselves to effective interventions, and the possibility for improved management of political conflicts.
The narrative matrix: a narrative-hermeneutic approach in refugee care
Authors: Chrzescijanska Martyna
Published: February 2021

This article presents an approach to refugee care that is based on a hermeneutic understanding of the meanings constituted by narratives in therapy. It proposes distinguishing psychotherapeutic models commonly used in therapy with refugees, such as post-traumatic stress disorder or post-traumatic growth theories, from an approach that involves many different narratives in the form of multi-voiced conversation within the therapeutic setting. Such a concept, called here the narrative matrix, is discussed and presented as an alternative and efficient way of providing therapeutic support for refugees and asylum seekers. It discusses family therapy with refugees as an example of the narrative-hermeneutic approach that involves not only different voices from members of a family but different psychotherapeutic models.
‘Uncertainty is the only certainty’: how pragmatic sociology provides a useful theoretical framework for researching the third sector during COVID-19
Authors: Petzinger Janis , Jung Tobias , Orr Kevin
Published: February 2021

This research note argues that pragmatic sociology is a useful theoretical framework when researching the third sector during the uncertain times of COVID-19 and beyond. It begins by introducing pragmatic sociology, which describes how actors express their values through the ‘orders of worth’ framework, and then how they justify their practices during moments of conflict, through the process of ‘tests’. This ultimately employs complex and fragile moments in history to uncover meaning making and, by extension, individual and organisational practice. This article then demonstrates useful research questions that pragmatic sociology can offer for the third sector during this uncertain time and how this theory’s utility can be applied even after the pandemic, due to its embracement of organisational dynamism, nuance and a fresh approach to power relationships.
Karen Barad’s posthumanist relational ontology: an intra-active approach to theorising and studying family practices
Authors: Mauthner Natasha S.
Published: February 2021

Over the past two decades sociology, including the sociology of family and personal life, has seen a ‘relational turn’ with a growing body of work seeking to explain the ‘social’ by taking social relations as the primary object of sociological analyses. Relational sociologies theorise relations in social terms as either inter-actions or trans-actions. Inter-actions are relations that bring separate entities together, while trans-actions posit a relation of interdependence between entities. This article introduces a third way of conceptualising relationality as intra-actions drawing on the posthumanist relational ontology proposed by feminist philosopher and physicist Karen Barad. Intra-actions are understood as social-natural or material-discursive relations of ontological inseparability and mutual constitution. Using illustrative examples from the author’s research, the article suggests that Barad’s relational ontology offers a fruitful and distinctive ontological underpinning for relational sociology and for relational approaches to theorising and studying family practices.
COVID-19: changing fields of social work practice with children and young people
Authors: Dillon Joanne , Evans Ffion , Wroe Lauren Elizabeth
Published: February 2021

Drawing on the theoretical work of Wacquant, Bourdieu and Foucault, we interrogate how the COVID-19 pandemic has weaponised child and family social work practices through reinvigorated mechanisms of discipline and surveillance. We explore how social workers are caught in the struggle between enforcement and relational welfare support. We consider how the illusio of social work obscures power dynamics impacting children, young people and families caught in child welfare systems, disproportionately affecting classed and racialised individuals.
Cooling and diffusion characteristics of a hot carrier in the monolayer WS2
Authors: Wang Wenyan , Sui Ning , Kang Zhihui , Zhou Qiang , Li Li , Chi Xiaochun , Zhang Hanzhuang , He Xing , Zhao Bing , Wang Yinghui
Published: February 2021

The characteristics of a hot carrier distributed in the C excitonic state of the monolayer WS2 is investigated by exploiting the transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy. The hot carrier cooling lifetime gradually prolongs from 0.58 ps to 2.68 ps with the absorbed photon flux owing to the hot phonon bottleneck effect, as the excitation photon energy is 2.03 eV. Meanwhile, the normalized TA spectra shows that the spectral feature of hot carriers is different from that of normal carriers. Based on the modified Lennard-Jones model, the average distance among hot carriers can be estimated according to the peak shift of TA spectra and the diffusion velocity can also be calculated simultaneously. The hot carrier limits the diffusion of the photo-generated carrier at the initial several picoseconds. These results help people to elucidate the hot carrier dynamics in 2D TMDCs and give guidance on the designing and optimizing the TMDC-based electronic devices of high performance.
L’idée de l’exil chez Pham Van Ky et Linda Lê
Authors: Pham Van Quang
Published: February 2021

The contemporary world is characterized by the phenomena of displacement and human migration in different forms. The migrant subject enters into the paradoxical interiorization of identity: on the one hand, he has left what he was, and on the other, he must update what is shaping him in the present. Literary writing thus becomes a specific space for the expression and articulation of these existential states by bringing us to reflection on the experience of this existence ‘outside the world’ of writers. Pham Van Ky and Linda Lê are among the authors who allow us to question their condition of exile as a possibility of existence.
Molecular detection of feline leukemia virus in clinically ill cats in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Mummoorthy Kunambiga , Yasmin Abd Rahaman , Arshad Siti Suri , Omar Abdul Rahman , Nur-Fazila Saulol Hamid , Anand Prem , Hoong Liew Wuan , Kumar Kiven
Published: February 2021

Background and Aim: Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is classified as Retroviridae gammaretrovirus. FeLV occurs worldwide, including Malaysia. Thus far, only one decade-old study on molecular characterization of Malaysian FeLV isolates exists, which resulted in a scarcity of updated information of current FeLV isolates circulating in Malaysia. This study was conducted to determine the status of FeLV in clinically ill cats and to study the molecular characterization and phylogenetic relatedness of the current isolates.

Materials and Methods: Convenience sampling was performed in 20 cats from the Gasing Veterinary Hospital in Selangor. Plasma and saliva samples were collected from 15 clinically ill cats and 5 healthy cats subjected to one-step reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with primers targeting a highly conserved gene of U3-LTR-gag.

Results: Two clinically ill cats' plasma and saliva samples tested positive for FeLV RNA. Partial nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the current isolates were 94-99% homologous to the previous Malaysian and Japanese FeLV isolates.

Conclusion: Current FeLV isolates from this study displayed higher similarity with the previous Malaysian isolates, signifying that a similar FeLV strain circulated among the cat population in Selangor.
Supporting small and medium-sized enterprises in the educational technology sector to become more research-minded: Introduction to a small collection
Authors: Clark-Wilson Alison , Moeini Anissa , Anand Kusha , Blake Canan , Cukurova Mutlu , De Ossorno Garcia Santiago , Issroff Kim , Luckin Rose , Olatunj Tunde , Outhwaite Laura , Weatherby Kristen
Published: February 2021

The EDUCAtional Technology Exchange programme (EDUCATE) at UCL Institute of Education provides the context for this paper, which describes the programme’s vision, objectives and key activities, and sets the context for the collection of articles that follow. This university-led programme was underpinned by Luckin’s (2016) golden triangle of evidence-informed educational technology (edtech) as it sought to support 252 small and medium-sized enterprises to become more research-informed through a six-month research training and mentoring programme. The evaluation of the programme’s design-based research cycles revealed the importance of the careful choice and evolution of its boundary objects. These boundary objects, namely each enterprise’s ‘logic model’ and research proposal, facilitated meaningful conversations between the programme’s research mentors and the enterprises. These boundary objects involved several iterations, during which the language of the two communities became more aligned, helping to bridge the academic knowledge and practices with those of the enterprises.
Utilizing Partnerships to Identify Community Needs and Analyze Network Collaboration in Public Health
Authors: Muraleetharan Daenuka , Jones Ellen , McCawley Josh , Ferrell Fouquier Katherine , Garney Whitney , Wilson Kelly
Published: February 2021

Objective: LinkedUp is a multi-sector partnership focused on linking older teens (ages 17-19) to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services at school-based health centers (SBHCs) in Mississippi. The purpose of this study was to examine key partnerships in LinkedUp development, focusing on community needs that initiated the formation of the partnership, and patterns of collaboration among these partners. Methods: In 2018, researchers conducted interviews (N = 3) and focus groups (N = 9) with Mississippi school administrators and high school and college students. In 2019, evaluators examined collaboration between these community partners (N = 6) using an interorganizational network analysis survey. Results: Thematic analyses of qualitative data indicated a need to commit to linking older teens to SRH services by increasing communication/ planning among community stakeholders. Network analysis scores included an average network density of 1, strength of tie of 3.04, and degree centrality of 4.6 (SD = 1.4) for partners. Conclusions: Our findings illustrate how community stakeholders inform the development of a public health program as critical partners during both needs assessment and program development phases. This information can be used by practitioners and policymakers interested in addressing complex, community-level health issues.
Ethics, Emotional Quotient, and Interpersonal Connection: Peer-identified Characteristics for Urban High School-based Peer Navigators
Authors: Davies Shelby , Overholt Sarah , Banks Susanna , Fiori Kevin , Braganza Sandra , Hoffman Neal
Published: February 2021

Objective: Youth-initiated outreach in schools has the potential to increase utilization of schoolbased health centers (SBHC). We aimed to identify preferred attributes of peer navigators (PNs) working in SBHCs. Methods: We conducted 4 focus groups using the nominal group technique. Participants represented a convenience sample of students. Inclusion criteria included enrollment in SBHC and afterschool availability. Each group was 60 minutes long and reflected on 3 aspects of PNs to define key characteristics. We used a team-based approach for iterative-inductive analysis of data involving open-coding to identify inter-group themes. Results: We recruited 37 participants from a single high school campus. Each group consisted of 8-13 adolescents. The “Who” question identified preferred characteristics: “Having Experience/Knowledge,” “Positive Role Model,” and “High Emotional Quotient.” The “What” question identified preferred content areas: “Mental Health,” “Reproductive Health,” and “Basic Health Information.” The “How” question identified methods of communication: “Clear Visibility,” “Community Participation,” “One-on-One Interactions.” Conclusions: Adolescents provided assessment of what they would hope for from a PN. There is overwhelming emphasis on interpersonal qualities and ethical standards of behavior. This could have important program design and recruitment implications for PNs working with adolescent populations.
A Comparison of Aerobic Dance and Zumba Fitness on the Health-related Fitness in Female University Students
Authors: Wachirathanin Panuwat , Sriramatr Sonthaya , Silalertdetkul Supaporn
Published: February 2021

Objective: In this study, we compared the effects of aerobic dance (continuous exercise) and Zumba fitness (intermittent exercise) on the health-related fitness of female university students. Methods: Overall, 54 healthy female volunteers (18.45 + 0.49 years old) were assigned to an aerobic dance group, a Zumba fitness dance group, or a control group. Results: We found that the Zumba fitness group had more muscle strength and endurance than the aerobic and control groups (all ps < .05). Likewise, the Zumba fitness group had a lower percentage of fat than the aerobic and control groups (p < .05), but there was no such difference between the aerobic and control groups. In addition, there was no statistically significant differences among aerobic dance, Zumba fitness, and control groups for flexibility and cardiorespiratory endurance. However, both aerobic and Zumba exercises can reduce the percentage of body fat and are able to strengthen cardiorespiratory endurance (p <.05). Conclusions: Among female students, Zumba fitness can develop muscle strength and endurance and fat percentage better than aerobic dance, but not necessarily improve their development of cardiorespiratory endurance and flexibility. These results are useful for enhancing exercise activities in early adulthood.
Sustainable Green Charcoal Briquette from Food Waste via Microwave Pyrolysis Technique: Influence of Type and Concentration of Binders on Chemical and Physical Characteristics
Authors: Idris Siti Shawalliah , Zailan Muhammad Izwadi , Azron Nabihah , Abd Rahman Norazah
Published: February 2021

Turning the food waste into a fuel source such as charcoal briquette was one of the alternatives in managing the food wastes disposal. In this present work, food waste was converted into charcoal by microwave irradiation technique. Application of binders such as potato starch and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) at ratios of 5%,10% and 15% for briquetting purpose were investigated in terms of its chemical and physical characteristics. Result showed that the briquette formed using the starch as the binder performed better in combustion quality than that of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). A good quality of charcoal briquette has capability to withstand impact during packaging, handling, and transportation. Standard physical characteristic that was tested for briquette includes moisture content, compressive strength, and impact resistance. Calorific value of briquette was studied to analyse energy content in the briquette. The study showed that food waste charcoal has calorific value comparable to that of the commercial charcoal. However, the addition of binders showed some reduction in the energy content, with more reduction when CMC is added. In terms of combustion characteristic, the addition of binders does not alter the combustion profile in comparison to the raw food waste charcoal’s profile. The ignition and burnout temperatures of the food waste charcoal briquette showed a better performance with and without binders as compared to the commercial charcoal.  In terms of physical characteristics, CMC has showed as an excellent binder with highest shatter index value. Overall, in terms of chemical properties, addition of 10% starch showed a better performance, while addition of 10% CMC showed a better performance in terms of physical characteristics. This finding is beneficial for briquette industry in the development of green product using biomass, but further research is essential before production of briquette take place.