bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Faktor Lingkungan dengan Penggunaan Trihexyphenidyl pada Remaja di BNN Kota Surabaya
Authors: Priescisila Indri Riza , Mahmudah Mahmudah
Published: November 2018

Drugs abuse is increase every years. One of the type of medicines that often abused by teenager is trihexyphenidyl or commonly called pills koplo. The use of a drug was infl uenced some of factors, such as environment (schools, family, and their peers). The purpose of this research to fi nd out the relationship between environment factors with the use of trihexyphenidyl by teenager in BNN Surabaya City. The research was observational research by design cross sectional. Technique sampling the research is simple random sampling, from teenager was 12-21 years and used trihexyphenidyl who performs outpatient in BNN Surabaya City as many as 48 people. The research was done at September 2015-Januari 2016 in BNN Surabaya city. The results showed that 52,1 percent teenager was 12-15 years old and male (66.7 percent). Half of teenager had completed their junior high school of 62.5 percent and the parents of teenagers work as a private employees. The most teenagers 54,2 percent used trihexyphenidyl among 1-3 years. Teenager stop using trihexyphenidyl were 62.5 percent. The results of the chi square analysis showed that there was no correlation between schools, family, and their peers variables with the use of trihexyphenidyl by teenager in BNN Surabaya City .The usage of trihexyphenidyl among teenager not only caused by several factors individual and their peers factors, but there are still many other reasons. The program intervention required to address the problems is providing information about danger of drugs usage or abuse medicines to teenager or the Surabaya community.
Analisis Regresi Logistik Biner pada Kejadian Transient Ischemic Attack (Tia) di RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya
Authors: Fadhilah Adelia Rahma , Notobroto Hari Basuki
Published: November 2018

Analysis of the infl uence of risk factors aims to describe the unidirectional relationship between risk factors to an incident or a spesific disease, one of which is binary logistic regression. This analysis is applied to case of TIA because TIA is a warning that stroke will occur. This study was carried out to determine risk factors that aff ect case of TIA in Dr. Soetomo Regional Public Hospital Surabaya in 2012-2015 and the best binary logistic regression model. This study was an observational and case control study. Subjects were 90 inpatients at nerve division. Data were collected by observing the patient’s card status to get information of variables examined. Independent variables were hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. Result of simultaneous test showed that at least one variable that aff ected TIA (p = 0,000). Partial test showed that hypertension (p = 0.015; OR = 4.327), dyslipidemia (p = 0.000; OR = 10.455), and diabetes mellitus (p = 0.032; OR = 3.942) aff ected TIA (p < 0.05). This independent variables have contributed as much as 49% to TIA with prediction accuracy was 67%. Model obtained was fi t (p > 0.05). Binary logistic regression can be used to analyze risk factors of TIA in Dr. Soetomo Regional Public Hospital Surabaya in 2012–2015 with high prediction accuracy. Patients with dyslipidemia have the highest risk of TIA. Hypertension or diabetes mellitus was also signifi cant risk factor of TIA.
Analisis Hubungan Pergaulan dengan Teman dan Paparan Media Pornografi terhadap Perilaku Seksual Pranikah pada Remaja
Authors: Pratama A.C Dimas , Notobroto Hari Basuki
Published: November 2018

There are internal factors and external factor affect to adolescent premarital sex. There were 60% adolescent who have imagine sexual intercourse, and 50% adolescent have access porn sites on the internet, and 40% adolescent have negative effect of sexual attitude from environment. This research was an analytic research that used cross sectional study and use quantitative approaches derived from primary data by disseminated a questionnaire. The population were students from grade X and XI 10th Vocational High Schools State Of Surabaya. Sample was taken with simple random sampling about 89 students. Data analyze this research used Spearman Correlate Coefficient test . Variables in this research was media exposure of pornography  and peer behavior effect. There were correlate between them. Variables “peer behavior effect from friend” has association with premarital sexual behavior,media exposure of pornography also has association too (p = 0.000). Cooperation between school, parent  and government institution must regulate the education system about reproductive health for students especially about premarital sexual behavior for teens. Parent should give more intention  to maintain good relations and monitored their children.
Analisis Survival Penyakit Jantung Koroner Berulang
Authors: Damayanti Fidya Panorama , Wibowo Arief
Published: November 2018

Survival analysis is one of data analysis the result showing certain times had happened. Cox regression analysis is one of the most powerful and commonly used for analyzing survival data since the result of this method showing nearly similar result to parametric model. This study aim is to determine case of recurrent Coronary Heart Disease risk factors, and to know how many survival in day of recurrent Coronary Heart Disease based on the risk factors at RS Islam Surabaya in 2015 – 2016. Measurement in research subjects was conducted in the medical record. This research using observational research approach. Subjects were 63 Coronary Heart Disease inpatients in RS Islam Surabaya. Measurement was conducted to obtain information of examined variables. Independent variables were data sensor status, survival time (measured in day), sex, age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. This analysis showing the occurrence time average of recurrent CHDs in Coronary Heart Disease patients in general is 614 days. Rate of reccurence had similar risks for all age groups, gender, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. CHD patients with hypertension status have risk of 9.291 times greater than no hypertension status. This research can be used by RS Islam Surabaya to gave Communication, Information, and Education to the patient and their relatives especially for patient with hypertension status to have continuous check-up in order not to get another recurrent event of CHD in the near future.
Random Effect Model pada Regresi Panel untuk Pemodelan Kasus Gizi Buruk Balita di Jawa Timur Tahun 2013–2016
Authors: Wahyuni Irma Ike , Mahmudah Mahmudah
Published: November 2018

Severe Malnutrition among under five still become a problem in East Java. Regression analysis that has been done only use data in one year so it can not see the effect of time. In this research, the analysis was done by panel data that combine data from some location that was observed in several years so the factor that was caused severe malnutrition was known. The data that was used are secondary data from East Java Province Health Office which consist of under five severe malnutrition percentage data, percentage of under five health service, percentage of healthy house, and percentage of village with Universal Child Immunization (UCI) at 38 regencies/city in 2013–2016. This research used panel regression analysis with Random Effect Model. The result showed that the percentage of village with UCI status significantly influence under five severe malnutrition in East Java with signification value was 0.0008. The regression coefficient value of UCI variable was -0.190. Therefore, the number of village with UCI status need to be increased especially in regencies/city with high under five severe malnutrition cases by Integrated Service Post (Under Five Health Service) activity.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penggunaan Intra Uterine Device (IUD) di Pusat Pelayanan Keluarga Sejahtera (Pusyan Gatra) Tahun 2016
Authors: Christiawan Sarah , Purnomo Windhu
Published: November 2018

The rate of growth population (LPP) becomes the main problem that is being faced by Indonesia today, one of them was East Java Province which increased 0.06 in 2000–2010 from 1990–2000 period. One effort to control LPP was family planning program by using contraception, especially Intra Uterine Device (IUD) to regulate the distance of pregnancy and to regulate birth spacing. Achievements of new Long Term Contraception Method (MKJP) acceptors especially IUD tend to decrease from 2013 to 2015 in Surabaya. The achievement of the proportion of new IUD acceptors in 2016 in Pusyan Gatra decreased by 6% became 34% from 2015 which is 40%. This study aimed to know and analyze the variables associated with the use of IUD in Pusyan Gatra in 2016 by using chi-square test. This research was an analytic quantitative research with cross-sectional design. This research data source were a new acceptor secondary data of MKJP in 2016. Population in this research were 270 new acceptors of MKJP from January to December 2016. The independent variables were age, educational level, employment status, and parity. The results from chi – square test were age (p = 0.002) and parity (p = 0.001) which related to IUD. Level of education and employment status of acceptors had no significant relationship with IUD in Pusyan Gatra. Therefore, the couple of reproductive (PUS) were >35 years old who had parity >2 and not using long–term contraception method yet, the counseling about using MKJP such as IUD must be improved.
Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2014
Authors: Hanifa Salihati , Wibowo Arief
Published: November 2018

Indonesia is one of the developing countries that still experience classic problems such as poverty. Poverty is a classic multidimensional problem, because it is caused by various factors such as Open Unemployment Rate (OUR), percentage of contraception’s user and Human Development Index (HDI). This study aims to analyze determine the effect of Open Unemployment Rate (OUR), percentage of contraception’s user and Human Development Index (HDI) on the percentage of poor people in East Java. This study uses unobtrusive method and uses secondary data in the form of publication data of Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) of East Java Province. The unit of analysis in this study is 38 districts/cities in East Java. The dependent variable in this study is the percentage of poor people in East Java Province, while the independent variables are Open Unemployment Rate (OUR), percentage of contraception’s user and Human Development Index (HDI). The result based on multiple linear regression analysis shows that the factors can influence the percentage of poor people are percentage of contraception’s user (p = 0.015) and HDI (p = 0.000). The government is expected to evaluate the programs that have been implemented and related to poverty alleviation.
Perbedaan Lama dan Jenis Persalinan pada Ibu Bekerja Berdasarkan Keikutsertaan Senam Hamil
Authors: Yulianti Hermin , Syahrul Fariani
Published: November 2018

Working during pregnancy has negative effect for the health status of pregnant women. Exercises during pregnancy is one of the ways to improve the health status of pregnant women. The aim of research was to analyze the differences of duration and type of childbirth based on the exercises during pregnancy on working mother. This research was an observational analytic study with retrospective cohort design. The exposed population was third trimester of pregnant women who worked and participated in pregnancy exercises > 180 minutes. The non-exposed population was third trimester of pregnant women who worked and participated in pregnancy exercises ≤ 180 minutes. Sample for the exposed group was 30 pregnant women and the non-exposed group was 60 pregnant women. The research analysis was to find the RR value with 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Pregnant women who participated in pregnancy exercises have a short or normal childbirth period 1.543 times than non-participated women. Pregnant women who participated in pregnancy exercises have a normal type of childbirth 1.256 times than non-participated women. There were differences of duration and type of childbirth based on the pregnancy exercises on working mother.
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) untuk Mengatasi Multikolinieritas terhadap Faktor Angka Kejadian Pneumonia Balita di Jawa Timur Tahun 2014
Authors: Kusuma Fita Mega , Wibowo Arief
Published: November 2018

Correlation between independent variables in multiple linear regression model called multicollinearity. One of the assumptions of multiple linear regression free from multicollinearity problem. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method in this study aims to overcome the existence of multicollinearity in multiple linear regression and know the dominant factor to the research. PCA method has the advantage of clearing the correlation without losing the original variable. Case study a risk factor that affects the incidence of pneumonia infants in East Java 2014. This non reactive research because uses publication data of health profil of East Java. Result of this research multicollinearity problem in research data when detected by VIF/tolerance method. Variable of vitamin A coverage, measles immunization coverage and health service coverage are the variables that observed multicollinearity. A multicollinearity solution produces (F1) or new variable(coverage of vitamin A, immunization measles and health service), reduction of three variables that multicollinearity to not multicollinearity with VIF value of 1.608 < 10. Results of this study also proves the weakness of PCA method in analyzing the significance. PCA method shows the most influencing factors on the incidence of pneumonia of children under five year. Dominant factor in this research coverage of infant health services covering, coverage of vitamin A and coverage of measles immunization. Coverage factor of health services has a coefficient matrix value of 0.890 or 89% more influential than other factor.
The Interplay of Order and Disorder in the Dynamical Evolution of Physical and Biological Systems
Authors: Tripathy Asima , Pradhan Rajat Kumar
Published: November 2018

We discuss the role of the opposing principles of order and disorder in physical and biological systems in determining stability, growth and evolution and bring forth the potential role of a cosmic ordering agency. We analyze its role in decreasing entropy by coarse-graining and hence in determining the initial low entropy state of the big bang universe. Since all physical and biological systems have either cycles of order and disorder alternating, or may have chaotic evolution with non-linear laws, the same is expected of the dynamics of the whole universe as well. The entropy of the initial state of the universe could be low because of the reduction of degrees of freedom (DoF) as one moves from physical encoding to neural encoding and then on to psychic encoding of information in a nested manner by coarse-graining. It is by such encoding that this cosmic agency enables the universe to pass through the big crunch phase and then rolls it out as the big bang universe from the initial state of low entropy.
Non-Coding RNAs in Bacteria
Authors: Carvalho Garcia Amanda , Pereira dos Santos Vera Lúcia , Cristina Santos Cavalcanti Teresa , Martins Collaço Luiz , José Taborda de Messias Iara , Graf Hans
Published: November 2018

Genes encoding regulatory RNAs known as short RNAs (sRNAs) or non-coding sRNAs (ncRNAs), modulate physiological responses through different mechanisms, through RNA-RNA interaction or RNA-protein interaction. These molecules transcribed in trans and in cis relative to the target RNA. They are located between the coding regions of proteins, i.e., in the intergenic regions of the genome and show signals of promoters and termini sequences generally Rho-independent. The size of the ncRNAs genes ranges from ~ 50 to ~ 500 nucleotides and several transcripts are processed by RNase with smaller end products, which modulate physiological responses through different mechanisms, by RNA-RNA interaction or RNA-protein interactions and some interactions may be stabilized by the Hfq chaperone. The Riboswitches constitute another class of ncRNAs, located in the 5'UTR region of an mRNA that promote transcriptional regulation through their interaction with a linker molecule. Recently, in prokaryotes, CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) regions have described, which repeats of sequences of palindromic bases are. Each replicate consists of short segments of "spacer DNA" from exposures prior to a bacteriophage virus or exogenous plasmid. The CRISPR system consists of an immune system of resistance to exogenous molecules.
Event Driven ECG Processing for Diagnosis of Cardiac Diseases
Authors: Qaisar S. M. , Subasi A. , Balakhsher W. S. , Zamzami D. , Alsharbini G. , Bahri M. G. , Arab H.
Published: November 2018

The aim of this paper is to develop an intelligent event-driven Electrocardiogram (ECG) processing module in order to achieve an efficient solution for diagnosis of the cardiac diseases. The suggested method acquires the signal with an event-driven A/D converter (EDADC). The output of EDADC is passed through the activity selection and interpolation blocks. It allows focusing only on the important signal parts and resampling it uniformly. Later on, the signal is de-noised. The autoregressive (AR) method is used to extract the classifiable features of the de-noised signal. Afterwards, the output is classified by employing different robust classification techniques such as support vector machines (SVMs), K- Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The event-driven feature enables to adapt the system processing load according to the signal temporal variations. This interesting feature of the devised system aptitudes a drastic reduction in its processing activity and therefore in the power consumption as compared to the traditional ones. A comparison of the performance of different classifiers is also made in terms of accuracy. Results show that the proposed system is a potential candidate for an automatic diagnosis of the cardiac diseases.
Potential of Wind Energy Development for Water Abstraction Systems in Developing Country Context: A Case of Teso Sub-Region of Uganda
Authors: Kasozi James Tondo , Kiggundu Nicholas , Wanyama Joshua , Banadda Noble
Published: November 2018

Wind energy powered pumps could be an alternative to conventional fuel powered pumps for water abstraction because they rely on a free energy and they are environmentally friendly. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of wind energy to operate water abstraction systems in Teso sub-region of Uganda for livestock watering Daily mean wind speeds recorded at a height of 10 m for a period of ten years (2005–2015) were collected from Amuria and Soroti Meteorological stations in the study area. Data were analyzed using Weibull distribution to evaluate the annual wind speed frequency distributions and consequently assess their potential for water abstraction. The results indicated that warmer months (January, February and March) have higher mean wind speeds than the cold months (August, September and October). High wind speeds in the dry seasons corresponded to the periods of high water demand. The highest shape parameter (k) of 3.07 was registered in 2009 and scale parameter (c) of 3.78 in 2012. The highest wind power density of 43 W/m2 was obtained the year 2012 while the lowest wind power density of 15.47 W/m2 was obtained for Soroti district in the year 2009. The maximum power extractable in Amuria in 2012 was 324 W/m2 which is potentially enough for water abstraction. Maximum discharges of 1.86 m3/s and 1.52 m3/s were obtained for Amuria and Soroti districts respectively at mean wind speeds of 5 m/s. Therefore, Teso sub region winds have potential for water abstraction and Amuria district better sites for livestock watering using wind energy.
Detecting Intermediates and Products of Fast Heterogeneous Reactions on Liquid Surfaces via Online Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Colussi Agustín J. , Enami Shinichi
Published: November 2018

One of the research priorities in atmospheric chemistry is to advance our understanding of heterogeneous reactions and their effect on the composition of the troposphere. Chemistry on aqueous surfaces is particularly important in this regard because of their ubiquity and expanse. They range from the surfaces of oceans (360 million km2), cloud and aerosol drops (~10 trillion km2) to the fluids lining the human lung (~200 m2). Typically, ambient air contains reactive gases that may affect human health, influence climate and participate in biogeochemical cycles. Despite their importance, reactions between gases and solutes at air-aqueous interfaces are not well understood. New, surface-specific techniques are required that detect and identify the intermediates and products of such reactions as they happen on liquids. This is a tall order because genuine interfacial reactions are faster than mass diffusion into bulk liquids, and may produce novel species at low concentrations. Herein, we review evidence that validates online pneumatic ionization mass spectrometry of liquid microjets dosed by reactive gases as a technique meeting such requirements. Next, we call attention to results obtained by this approach on reactions of ozone, nitrogen dioxide and hydroxyl radicals with various solutes on aqueous surfaces. The overarching conclusion is that the outermost layers of aqueous solutions are unique media, where equilibria shift and reactions proceed faster than, in some cases along different pathways from the bulk liquids. The fact that the rates and mechanisms of reactions at air-aqueous interfaces may not be deduced from experiments in bulk liquids opens new conceptual frameworks and lines of research, and adds an overlooked dimension to atmospheric chemistry.
The Spatially Differentiated Trends Between Forest Pest Control Efficiency and Pest-induded Losses in China
Authors: Cai Qi , Cai Yushi , Wen Yali
Published: November 2018

China historically exhibits spatial differentiation from population distribution to ecological or economic development, and the forest pest control work is an epitome of this tendency. In recent times, global warming, man-made monoculture tree plantations, increasing human population density and intensified international trade aggravate forest pest outbreaks. Although Chinese government has complied with the internationally recommended practices, few stones remain unturned due to existing differential regional imbalance of forest pest distribution and control abilities. Evidence shows that the high-income provinces in the south have taken advantage of economic and technological superiority, resulting in the adoption of more efficient pest-control measures. To the contrary, in economically underdeveloped provinces of the northwest, a paucity of financial support has led to serious threats of pest damage that almost mirrored the demarcations of the Hu Huanyong Line. In this paper, we propose introducing public-private partnership (PPP) model into forest pest control and combining the national strategies to enact regional prevention measures in order to break the current spatially differentiated trends in China.
NFkB Inhibition Mitigates Serum Amyloid A-Induced Pro-Atherogenic Responses in Endothelial Cells and Leukocyte Adhesion and Adverse Changes to Endothelium Function in Isolated Aorta
Authors: Vallejo Abigail , Chami Belal , Dennis Joanne M. , Simone Martin , Ahmad Gulfam , Abdo Adrian , Sharma Arpeeta , SHIHATA Waled A , Martin Nathan , Chin-Dusting Jaye P.F. , de Haan Judy , Witting Paul K.
Published: November 2018

The acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) is associated with endothelial dysfunction and early-stage atherogenesis. Stimulation of vascular cells with SAA increases gene expression of pro-inflammation cytokines and tissue factor (TF). Activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa-B (NFkB), may be central to SAA-mediated endothelial cell inflammation, dysfunction and pro-thrombotic responses, while targeting NFkB with a pharmacologic inhibitor, BAY11-7082, may mitigate SAA activity. Human carotid artery endothelial cells (HCtAEC) were pre-incubated (1.5 h) with 10 µM BAY11-7082 or vehicle (control) followed by SAA (10 μg/mL; 4.5 h). Under these conditions gene expression for TF and TNF increased in SAA-treated HCtAEC and pre-treatment with BAY11-7082 significantly (TNF) and marginally (TF) reduced mRNA expression. Intracellular TNF and IL-6 protein also increased in HCtAEC supplemented with SAA and this expression was inhibited by BAY11-7082. Supplemented BAY11-7082 also significantly decreased SAA-mediated leukocyte adhesion to apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse aorta in ex vivo vascular flow studies. In vascular function studies, isolated aortic rings pre-treated with BAY11-7082 prior to incubation with SAA showed improved endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and increased vascular cGMP content. Together these data suggest that inhibition of NFkB activation may protect endothelial function by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic activities of SAA.
Evaluation of Prestress Loss Distribution during Pre-Tensioning and Post-Tensioning Using Long-Gauge Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors
Authors: Shen Sheng , Wang Yao , Ma Sheng-Lan , Huang Di , Wu Zhi-hong , Guo Xiao
Published: November 2018

Prestress loss evaluation in prestressed strand is essential for prestressed structures. However, the sensors installed outside the duct can only measure the total prestress loss. The sensors attached on strand inside the duct also have several problems, such as inadequate durability in an aggressive environment, vulnerable damage at tensioning and so on. This paper proposes a new installation method for long-gauge fiber Bragg grating (LFBG) sensor to prevent accidental damage. Then the itemized prestress losses were determined in each stage of the pre-tensioning and post-tensioning according to the LFBG measurements. We verified the applicability of the LFBG sensors for prestress monitoring and the accuracy of the proposed prestress loss calculation method during pre-tensioning and post-tensioning. In the pre-tensioning case, the calculated prestress losses had less deviation from the true losses than those obtained from foil-strain gauges, and the durability of the LFBG sensors was better than foil-strain gauges, whereas in post-tensioning case, the calculated prestress losses were close to those derived from theoretical predictions. Finally, we monitored prestress variation in the strand for 90 days. The itemized prestress losses at each stages of post-tensioning were obtained by the proposed calculation method to show the prospect of the LFBG sensors in practical evaluation.
Forecasting Events in the Chaotic Dynamics of a Fiber Laser
Authors: Aragoneses Andrés , Ding Yingqi
Published: November 2018

Being able to forecast events is of great importance in many fields, from brain behavior to earthquakes or stock markets. Because each dynamical system has intrinsic features, different statistical tools have to be used for each system. Here we study the time series of the output intensity of a fiber laser with an ordinal patterns analysis, and we look for temporal correlations in order to statistically forecast the most intense events. We set two thresholds, a low one and a high one, to distinguish between low intensity versus high intensity events. We find that when the time series is performing events below the low threshold it shows some preferred temporal patterns before performing events above a high threshold.
Microwave Assisted Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Mulberry Leaves Extract and Silver Nitrate Solution
Authors: Le Liem , Nguyen The , Nguyen Dieu
Published: November 2018

In this work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized rapidly and eco-friendlily using the extract of Mulberry leaves and aqueous solution of silver nitrate without any toxic chemical [1,2]. The Mulberry leaves extract acts as both reducing agent and stabilizing agent. The UV-Vis spectrum shows peak at 430 nm. The TEM image of synthesized AgNPs sample shows spherical shaped particles whose size range from 15 to 20 nm. TEM image of nano silver solution sample synthesized by microwave assisted method shows nearly spherical particles with an average particle size of 10 nm. The absorption UV-vis spectrum of silver nanoparticles synthesized by microwave assisted method (AgNPsmw) shows a sharp absorption band around 415 nm. After two month storage of AgNPsmw, the absorption spectrum of AgNPsmw was taken again. The UV-Vis spectrum shows negligible peak changes of silver nanoparticles have occurred after two months of storage. The synthesized AgNPs material could be used as an antimicrobial, used in the field of textile and in wastewater treatment.
Food Derived Peptides Reduced COX-2 Expression in Angiotensin II-Stimulated Adventitial Fibroblasts
Authors: Garcés-Rimón Marta , Galán María , Salaices Mercedes , Miguel Marta
Published: November 2018

Prostanoids modulate the pathogenesis of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, in which inflammation has an important role. It is well known that inducible Ciclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is responsible for prostanoid production associated with inflammation. Angiotensin II may be implicated through the expression of COX-2 in the vascular wall. The purpose of this study was to examine in angiotensin II-stimulated adventitial fibroblasts the anti-inflammatory activity of different food peptides by inhibiting COX-2 expression, and the production of pro-inflammatory prostanoids. Fibroblasts from aorta of Sprague-Dawley rats were incubated with different food derived peptides followed by incubation with Angiotensin II. COX-2 expression was determined by western blot, transcriptional activity by luciferase assays and prostaglandin E2 by enzyme immunoassay. COX-2 expression was inhibited in the presence of Val-Pro-Pro (bovine β-casein 84–86), Arg-Asp-Ile-Leu-Asn-Gln (ovalbumin 84–89) and Tyr-Arg-Gly-Gly-Leu-Glu-Pro-Ile-Asn-Phe (ovalbumin 125–134). Angiotensin II-induced prostaglandin E2 production was also reduced by all the above-mentioned sequences. The incubation with ovalbumin-derived peptides displayed a significant reduction of COX-2 promoter activity compared to the stimuli with Angiotensin II in transiently transfected cells. These three sequences could potentially be used as functional food ingredients to reduce inflammation related to cardiovascular diseases.
An In-Vitro Evaluation of the Capacity of Local Tanzanian Crude Clay and Ash Based Materials in Binding Aflatoxins in Solution
Authors: Ayo Emmanuel , Matemu Athanasia , Laswai Germana , Kimanya Martin
Published: November 2018

Aflatoxins in feeds cause great health hazards to animals and in advance, to human. Potential of crude clays designated AC, KC, CC and MC and ashes VA and RA were evaluated for their capacity to adsorb aflatoxins B1 (AFB1), B2 (AFB2), G1 (AFG1) and G2 (AFG2) relative to a commercial binder MycobinderR (Evonik Industries AG) using in-vitro technique. On average, CC, VA, KC, MC, AC, RA and MycobindR adsorbed 39.9%, 51.3%, 61.5%, 62.0%, 72.6%, 84.7% and 98.1% of the total aflatoxins in buffered solution, respectively. The capacity of AC and RA was statistically (p<0.05) better in binding aflatoxins next to MycobindR. Capacity of the TBM and MycobindR to bind aflatoxins, seemed to follow the trend of their cation exchange capacity (CEC). The CEC (meq/100g) of CC, MC, KC, VA, AC, RA and MycobindR were 7.0, 15.4, 18.8, 25.4, 27.2, 27.2 and 38.9, respectively. On average 96.3%, 42.7%, 80.8% and 32.1% of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 were adsorbed, respectively.  Binding capacity of the clays and ashes relative to MycobindR was about 100% for AC and RA, 50% for KC, MC and VA and 33.3% for CC.  The AC and RA seem to be promising resources in binding aflatoxins in solution.
ISO 14001 and 26001, Agents of Change in the SMEs
Authors: Valdez-Juárez Luis Enrique , Ramos-Escobar Elva Alicia , Gallardo-Vázquez Dolores , Borboa-Álvarez Edith Patricia
Published: November 2018

At present, business strategies in SMEs (Small and medium enterprises) are crucial for consolidation in highly competitive markets, in achieving a better image and in business profitability. One of the strategies that have the most success and business success are sustainable practices and social responsibility such as: ISO 14001 and ISO 26001. The literature related to sustainable business is based mainly on the theory of resources and capabilities, and in theory based on Stakeholders. These currents state that companies should focus on profitable strategies to ensure significant and long-term results, in order to achieve organizational and financial results for stakeholders. In this work, the sample consists of 215 companies from the commerce, services and industry sectors, located in the southern region of the State of Sonora in Mexico. The objective of the work is to analyze the influence of ISO 14001 and 26001 standards on the image and profitability of SMEs. The statistical analysis of the data has been carried out through the linear regression technique by OLS (Ordinary Least Squares). The findings prove that the ISO 14001 standard is the one that most influences the improvement of the business image and the level of profitability of the SME. In addition, we discovered that ISO 26001 has a partial influence on the image and profitability of the SME.
Investigations on the Tribological Performance of A390 Alloy Hybrid Aluminum Matrix Composite
Authors: Edacherian Abhilash , Algahtani Ali , Tirth Vineet
Published: November 2018

Several challenges stand in the way of production of Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) such as higher processing temperatures, particulate mixing, particulate-matrix interface bonding issues and ability to process into desired geometrical shapes. Although there are many literatures showing composites with single particulate reinforcements, the studies on composites with multiple reinforcing agents (hybrid composites) are found to be limited. Development of a hybrid particulate composite with optimized mechanical and tribological properties is very significant to suit modern engineering applications. In this study, Al-Si hypereutectic alloy (A390) is used as the matrix and Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Graphite (Gr) and Molybdenum di-Sulphide (MoS2) are used as particulates. Particulate volume (wt%) is varied and sample test castings are made using squeeze casting process through stir casting processing route. The evaluation of mechanical properties indicates that presence of both the hard phase (SiC) and the soft phase has distinct effect on the properties of Hybrid Composite. Composite samples were characterized to understand the performance and to meet the tribological applications. Fractography study indicated an intra-granular brittle fracture for hybrid composites. Wear study shows that Hybrid MMCs has better tribological performance compared to that of A390 alloy.
Da validade da doação à administração pública: do Estado donatário
Authors: Bim Eduardo Fortunato , Farias Talden
Published: November 2018

O presente artigo visa analisar a validade da doação à Administração Pública pelos particulares e os limites do objeto a ser doado.  Conclui pela possibilidade jurídica da doação ao Estado, baseada no regime de direito privado do contrato de doação, embora com algumas poucas e inevitáveis derrogações de direito público.  Faz-se necessário o aceite do objeto doado por parte da Administração Pública, ainda que com um sistema de listas ele possa ser presumido.  É cabível a doação provinda de institutos relativos à persecução penal, cuja destinação se encontra, geralmente, incluída na atividade finalística do Ministério Público, apenas podendo ser limitada por lei formal.  Podem ser objetos da doação ao Estado bens, serviços ou numerário.
Interactive 2D Basin Modelling on Workstations
Authors: Fjeldskaar W. , Mykkeltveit J. , Johansen H. , Langfeldt J. M. , Christie O. H. J. , Tyvand P. , Skurve O. , Bjørkum P. A.
Published: November 2018

Basin modelling is modelling of physical and chemical processes which cause the generation of oil and gas in sedimentary basins. Basin modelling is a valuable tool in the search for new reservoirs.

Basin modelling has traditionally been run on minicomputers or mainframes due to the demand for high processing power. With the increasing processing capability of todays personal computers and workstations, the road is open for moving the basin modelling to where it belongs; to the geologist doing the basin modelling.

The 2D basin modelling system presented here has emphasized on standardized software, using UNIX as operating system and X Windows for interactive graphics. This makes the basin modelling software fit into the open environment with systems ranging from personal computers to mainframes, thus making basin modelling tools available for the geologist.

The system is modular, i.e. each geological process is represented as independent modules. The user has full control over the modelling process, and can modify parameters and monitor the result between each step of the modelling process.

A geohistory module reconstructs the sedimentary basin through time, taking into account the progressive compaction of the sediments. The fault blocks can be moved by a fault balance module to balance the profile. The subsidence resulting from the weight of the sediments is computed by the isostatic module, which, together with a tectonic module provides an estimate of the palaeo heatflow in the basin. The palaeo heatflow is an important input parameter for the thermal module, which computes the thermal history of the basin. The kinetic module is used to compute the timing and amount of petroleum generation.
Impact of Cognitive Dysfunction in the Middle East Depressed Patients: The ICMED Study
Authors: Al Jarad Abdulqader , Al Hadi Ahmad , Al Garatli Ali , Akram Aly , Alsaeidi Dakhil , Al Mansour Fahad , El Amin Hany , Khaled Mohamed , Alharthi Nawaf , Al Owesie Rafat , Abdullah Samia , Matar Talaat , Darwish Tarek
Published: November 2018

Background:

Major depressive disorder is a common condition with a high rate of recurrence, chronicity, and affecting economic burden, including disability in the workplace, which leads to negative consequences on both individuals and society.

Objectives:

This study aimed to estimate the impact of cognitive dysfunction, as declared by the patient, on performing daily tasks/activities among patients with major depression disorder (MDD).

Methods:

This investigation is based on multinational cross-sectional survey of 499 workers recruited from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and United Arab Emirates (UAE). We assessed the severity of depression by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Impact of Depression in the Workplace in Europe Audit (IDEA) survey and trial making test (TMT) parts A and B were used to assess the impact of cognitive dysfunction on performing daily tasks/activities in adult patients presented with MDD.

Results:

A total of 499 persons were included in this study, aged 18–66 years, current workers and managers. Of them, 17.8% were normal (remitted), 22.4% were mildly depressed, 23.4% were moderately depressed, 8.6% were severely depressed, and 27.7% were very severely depressed at the time of the study according to HDRS. Common symptoms attributable to depression were low mode or sadness (89.8%), followed by insomnia (75.2%) and crying (70.9%). Of them, low mode or sadness was the most common factor affecting the work performance (90.2%). About 66.3% of participants diagnosed with depression by a doctor/medical professional. Awareness of the disease was recognizable by patients’ managers in only 31.9% of the cases. Furthermore, 45.3% of cases had taken off work due to depression with mean duration of 38.7 (95% CI 37.7 to 39.7) days. The mean TMT parts A and B score were 69.2 (95% CI 66.3 to 72.2) and 126.6 (95% CI 121 to 132), respectively. Lastly, a significant positive correlation between the mean score for HDRS and TMT-A and B scores was observed.

Conclusion:

Depression affects work productivity and work environment with negative consequences to countries’ economy. Awareness of depression in the workplace in KSA and UAE is still suboptimal. The personal and societal burden of this issue cannot be neglected when we become aware of the proportion of affected people.
Multiple Events Model for the Infant Mortality at Kigali University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Gatabazi P. , Melesse S. F. , Ramroop S.
Published: November 2018

Introduction:

The present study applies multiple events survival analysis to infant mortality at the Kigali University Teaching Hospital (KUTH) in Rwanda.

Materials and Methods:

The primary dataset consists of newborns from KUTH recorded in the year 2016 and in the current paper, a complete case analysis was used. Two events per subject were modeled namely death and the occurrence of at least one of the following conditions that may also cause long-term death to infants such as severe oliguria, severe prematurity, very low birth weight, macrosomia, severe respiratory distress, gastroparesis, hemolytic, trisomy, asphyxia and laparoschisis. Covariates of interest include demographic covariates namely the age and the place of residence for parents; clinical covariates for parents include obstetric antecedents, type of childbirth and previous abortion. Clinical covariates for babies include APGAR, gender, number of births at a time, weight, circumference of the head, and height.

Results/Conclusion:

The results revealed that Wei, Lin and Weissfeld Model (WLWM) fit the data well. The covariates age, abortion, gender, number, APGAR, weight and head were found to have a significant effect.
The Status of Interdisciplinary Education in Advanced Education Programs at U.S. Dental Schools
Authors: Ramaswamy Vidya , Karimbux Nadeem , Dragan Irina F. , Mehta Noshir R. , Danciu Theodora
Published: November 2018

Interdisciplinary education (IDE) during dental residencies can help produce dentists who work more efficiently to provide continuous and reliable patient care. The aim of this study was to assess the extent and type of interdisciplinary education in dental residency programs at U.S. dental schools. A 24‐item survey addressing didactic courses and patient care was sent to academic and/or clinical deans at 65 U.S. dental schools in fall 2016; they were asked to forward the survey to the appropriate person in their school. The questions addressed IDE characteristics such as the academic home for IDE, focus areas, defined outcomes, program objectives, and perceived institutional barriers. Of the 65 schools invited to participate, 31 responded to the survey for an overall response rate of 48%. Of those schools, 23 (74%) reported having IDE for their advanced/postgraduate students. Among the schools with IDE, their IDE learning experiences primarily involved residents in different disciplines participating in clinical case group projects and small group workshops, and 77% of IDE faculty taught in department‐specific clinical spaces as opposed to teaching together in a single clinic. The respondents identified barriers to implementing IDE such as a lack of clearly defined competencies, logistical challenges including academic calendars and scheduling, and faculty resistance. Also, 43% reported that their institutions did not have a program to support IDE faculty development. At the time of this survey, most of the respondents did not have a clearly defined IDE model consisting of competencies, defined assessments, and milestones.
Duration of Treatment with Corticosteroids and Recovery of Kidney Function in Acute Interstitial Nephritis
Authors: Fernandez-Juarez Gema , Perez Javier Villacorta , Caravaca-Fontán Fernando , Quintana Luis , Shabaka Amir , Rodriguez Eva , Gadola Liliana , de Lorenzo Alberto , Cobo Maria Angeles , Oliet Aniana , Sierra Milagros , Cobelo Carmen , Iglesias Elena , Blasco Miguel , Galeano Cristina , Cordon Alfredo , Oliva Jesus , Praga Manuel ,   on behalf of the Spanish Group for the Study of Glomerular Diseases (GLOSEN)
Published: November 2018

Background and objectives

Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis represents an emerging cause of acute kidney disease, especially among polymedicated elderly patients. Although corticosteroids are frequently used, controversy exists about the timing of initiation, efficacy, safety, and duration of treatment.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We performed a retrospective study of 182 patients with biopsy-proven drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis from 13 Spanish centers. Exposure was defined as the length of corticosteroid treatment. The main outcome was the level of serum creatinine at month 6, with respect to baseline values.

Results

The most common offending agents were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (27%). In 30% of patients, the offending drug could not be identified. The median time to suspected drug withdrawal was 11 days (interquartile range, 5–22). All patients presented with acute kidney disease and were treated with corticosteroids. The mean initial dose of prednisone was 0.8±0.2 mg/kg per day. High-dose corticosteroid treatment was maintained for 2 weeks (interquartile range, 1–4). After 6 months, the mean recovered GFR was 34±26 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and ten patients required maintenance dialysis. Use of high-dose corticosteroids for 3 weeks or treatment duration >8 weeks were not associated with better recovery of kidney function. In the multivariable analysis, delayed onset of steroid treatment (odds ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.0 to 1.04) and the presence of interstitial fibrosis of >50% on the kidney biopsy specimen (odds ratio, 8.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.7 to 27.4) were both associated with serum creatinine level at month 6 of >75%, with respect to baseline values.

Conclusions

High-dose corticosteroid treatment for 3 weeks or prolonged treatment for >8 weeks were not associated with greater kidney function recovery in drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis. A delay in the initiation of corticosteroids resulted in worse recovery of kidney function.