bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advancement of Computational Design Drug Delivery System in COVID- 19: Current Updates and Future Crosstalk- A Critical Update
Authors: Mohiuddin Abu , Mondal Sumanta
Published: August 2023

Positive strides have been achieved in developing vaccines to combat the coronavirus-2019 infection (COVID-19) pandemic. Still, the outline of variations, particularly the most current delta divergent, has posed significant health encounters for people. Therefore, developing strong treatment strategies, such as an anti-COVID-19 medicine plan, may help deal with the pandemic more effectively. During the COVID-19 pandemic, some drug design techniques were effectively used to develop and substantiate relevant critical medications. Extensive research, both experimental and computational, has been dedicated to comprehending and characterizing the devastating COVID-19 disease. The urgency of the situation has led to the publication of over 130,000 COVID-19-related research papers in peer-reviewed journals and preprint servers. A significant focus of these efforts has been the identification of novel drug candidates and the repurposing of existing drugs to combat the virus. Many projects have utilized computational or computer-aided approaches to facilitate their studies. In this overview, we will explore the key computational methods and their applications in the discovery of smallmolecule therapeutics for COVID-19, as reported in the research literature. We believe that the true effectiveness of computational tools lies in their ability to provide actionable and experimentally testable hypotheses, which in turn facilitate the discovery of new drugs and combinations thereof. Additionally, we recognize that open science and the rapid sharing of research findings are vital in expediting the development of much-needed therapeutics for COVID-19.
Identification of Active Compounds of Pueraria Lobata and their Mechanisms
of Action by LC-MS/MS and Network Pharmacology
Authors: Cao Dong-min , Liu Tao
Published: August 2023

Background:

Osteoporosis has become a global public health problem, and Pueraria Lobata
(PL) is a potential drug for treating osteoporosis.

Methods:

Firstly, the components of PL were detected and identified based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive
Orbitrap MS. In addition, we used network pharmacology to study the potential mechanism of PL in
treating osteoporosis.

Result:

A total of 48 compounds, including 38 isoflavones, 6 puerosides, and 4 others, were identified
by UHPLC-Q Exactive-Orbitrap MS. The network of the pharmacological analysis revealed
that 28 compounds of PL regulated 19 pathways through 27 targets, including estrogen signaling
pathway and NF-kappa B signaling pathway, etc.

Conclusion:

This study used LC-MS combined with network pharmacology to identify the compounds
of PL and their mechanism of intervention in osteoporosis, which provides a scientific basis
for PL to become a functional food for preventing osteoporosis.
Curcumin as a Potential Phytoconstituent used for Cancer Treatment: An Overview
Authors: Kaur Gurleen , Bose Sujit , Kataria Tanushka , Tyagi Ankit , Singla Keshav , Sharma Sakshi , Ghosh Silpa , Jha Chandan Bhogendra
Published: August 2023

Background::

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Therapy for cancer has remained a challenge for a very long period of time, though developments of various treatment strategies have been introduced. However, Curcuma longa L (Turmeric) attains major attention to cure cancer due to its phytoconstituents which can be used in the treatment of various cancers. Due to the wide availability and minimal adverse effects, curcumin has become a source of significant interest in research for cancer treatment which can lead to heavy cost cut off in the treatment.

Objective::

In this review article, the anti-cancer properties of curcumin in the treatment of cancer are highlighted.

Conclusion::

Scientists from all over the world have been interested in curcumin, a polyphenol isolated from Curcuma longa, for its biological properties, the most well-known of which is its ability to fight cancer. It is one of the most promising classes of bioactive natural substances, particularly in the treatment of various cancer types. Curcumin demonstrates anticancer properties. To overcome the limitation of curcumin numerous studies, analysis, and research has been already completed and many are still going on. The use of curcumin either alone or in combination might alter the treatment of cancer.
Teachers of Multiple Languages
Authors: Ku Eric
Published: August 2023

This book presents narrative research on individual teachers of multiple languages (TMLs). It uncovers what makes TMLs unique and reveals the complex identities, beliefs and emotions involved in being a TML. The author offers new, globally-relevant insights for language teaching research at individual, pedagogical and institutional level.
Dashboard of Short-Term Postoperative Patient Outcomes for Anesthesiologists: Development and Preliminary Evaluation
Authors: Sreepada Rama Syamala , Chang Ai Ching , West Nicholas C , Sujan Jonath , Lai Brendan , Poznikoff Andrew K , Munk Rebecca , Froese Norbert R , Chen James C , Görges Matthias
Published: August 2023

Background

Anesthesiologists require an understanding of their patients’ outcomes to evaluate their performance and improve their practice. Traditionally, anesthesiologists had limited information about their surgical outpatients’ outcomes due to minimal contact post discharge. Leveraging digital health innovations for analyzing personal and population outcomes may improve perioperative care. BC Children’s Hospital’s postoperative follow-up registry for outpatient surgeries collects short-term outcomes such as pain, nausea, and vomiting. Yet, these data were previously not available to anesthesiologists.

Objective

This quality improvement study aimed to visualize postoperative outcome data to allow anesthesiologists to reflect on their care and compare their performance with their peers.

Methods

The postoperative follow-up registry contains nurse-reported postoperative outcomes, including opioid and antiemetic administration in the postanesthetic care unit (PACU), and family-reported outcomes, including pain, nausea, and vomiting, within 24 hours post discharge. Dashboards were iteratively co-designed with 5 anesthesiologists, and a department-wide usability survey gathered anesthesiologists’ feedback on the dashboards, allowing further design improvements. A final dashboard version has been deployed, with data updated weekly.

Results

The dashboard contains three sections: (1) 24-hour outcomes, (2) PACU outcomes, and (3) a practice profile containing individual anesthesiologist’s case mix, grouped by age groups, sex, and surgical service. At the time of evaluation, the dashboard included 24-hour data from 7877 cases collected from September 2020 to February 2023 and PACU data from 8716 cases collected from April 2021 to February 2023. The co-design process and usability evaluation indicated that anesthesiologists preferred simpler designs for data summaries but also required the ability to explore details of specific outcomes and cases if needed. Anesthesiologists considered security and confidentiality to be key features of the design and most deemed the dashboard information useful and potentially beneficial for their practice.

Conclusions

We designed and deployed a dynamic, personalized dashboard for anesthesiologists to review their outpatients’ short-term postoperative outcomes. This dashboard facilitates personal reflection on individual practice in the context of peer and departmental performance and, hence, the opportunity to evaluate iterative practice changes. Further work is required to establish their effect on improving individual and department performance and patient outcomes.
The Adverse Effects and Nonmedical Use of Methylphenidate Before and After the Outbreak of COVID-19: Machine Learning Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Shin Hocheol , Yuniar Cindra Tri , Oh SuA , Purja Sujata , Park Sera , Lee Haeun , Kim Eunyoung
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Methylphenidate is an effective first-line treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, many adverse effects of methylphenidate have been recorded from randomized clinical trials and patient-reported outcomes, but it is difficult to determine abuse from them. In the context of COVID-19, it is important to determine how drug use evaluation, as well as misuse of drugs, have been affected by the pandemic. As people share their reasons for using medication, patient sentiments, and the effects of medicine on social networking services (SNSs), the application of machine learning and SNS data can be a method to overcome the limitations. Proper machine learning models could be evaluated to validate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on drug use.

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of methylphenidate, this study analyzed the adverse effects and nonmedical use of methylphenidate and evaluated the change in frequency of nonmedical use based on SNS data before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. Moreover, the performance of 4 machine learning models for classifying methylphenidate use based on SNS data was compared.

METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, SNS data on methylphenidate from Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram from January 2019 to December 2020 were collected. The frequency of adverse effects, nonmedical use, and drug use before and after the COVID-19 pandemic were compared and analyzed. Interrupted time series analysis about the frequency and trends of nonmedical use of methylphenidate was conducted for 24 months from January 2019 to December 2020. Using the labeled training data set and features, the following 4 machine learning models were built using the data, and their performance was evaluated using F-1 scores: naïve Bayes classifier, random forest, support vector machine, and long short-term memory.

RESULTS

This study collected 146,352 data points and detected that 4.3% (6340/146,352) were firsthand experience data. Psychiatric problems (521/1683, 31%) had the highest frequency among the adverse effects. The highest frequency of nonmedical use was for studies or work (741/2016, 36.8%). While the frequency of nonmedical use before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 has been similar (odds ratio [OR] 1.02 95% CI 0.91-1.15), its trend has changed significantly due to the pandemic (95% CI 2.36-22.20). Among the machine learning models, RF had the highest performance of 0.75.

CONCLUSIONS

The trend of nonmedical use of methylphenidate has changed significantly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Among the machine learning models using SNS data to analyze the adverse effects and nonmedical use of methylphenidate, the random forest model had the highest performance.
Association Between Online Health Information–Seeking Behaviors by Caregivers and Delays in Pediatric Cancer: Mixed Methods Study in China (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Jiamin , Zhen Xuemei , Coyte Peter C , Shao Di , Zhao Ni , Chang Lele , Feng Yujia , Sun Xiaojie
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Pediatric cancer patients in China often present at an advanced stage of disease resulting in lower survival and poorer health outcomes. One factor hypothesized to contribute to delays in pediatric cancer has been the online health information–seeking (OHIS) behaviors by caregivers.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the association between OHIS behaviors by caregivers and delays for Chinese pediatric cancer patients using a mixed methods approach.

METHODS

This study used a mixed methods approach, specifically a sequential explanatory design. OHIS behavior by the caregiver was defined as the way caregivers access information relevant to their children’s health via the Internet. Delays in pediatric cancer were defined as any one of the following 3 types of delay: patient delay, diagnosis delay, or treatment delay. The quantitative analysis methods included descriptive analyses, Student t tests, Pearson chi-square test, and binary logistic regression analysis, all performed using Stata. The qualitative analysis methods included conceptual content analysis and the Colaizzi method.

RESULTS

A total of 303 pediatric cancer patient-caregiver dyads was included in the quantitative survey, and 29 caregivers completed the qualitative interview. Quantitative analysis results revealed that nearly one-half (151/303, 49.8%) of patients experienced delays in pediatric cancer, and the primary type of delay was diagnosis delay (113/303, 37.3%), followed by patient delay (50/303, 16.5%) and treatment delay (24/303, 7.9%). In this study, 232 of the 303 (76.6%) caregiver participants demonstrated OHIS behaviors. When those engaged in OHIS behaviors were compared with their counterparts, the likelihood of patient delay more than doubled (odds ratio=2.21; 95% CI 1.03-4.75). Qualitative analysis results showed that caregivers’ OHIS behaviors impacted the cancer care pathway by influencing caregivers’ symptom appraisal before the first medical contact and caregivers’ acceptance of health care providers’ diagnostic and treatment decisions.

CONCLUSIONS

Our ﬁndings suggest that OHIS among Chinese pediatric caregivers may be a risk factor for increasing the likelihood of patient delay. Our government and society should make a concerted effort to regulate online health information and improve its quality. Specialized freemium consultations provided by health care providers via online health informatic platforms are needed to shorten the time for caregivers’ cancer symptom appraisal before the first medical contact.
Factors That Influence Patient Satisfaction With the Service Quality of Home-Based Teleconsultation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Meng Guangxia , McAiney Carrie , McKillop Ian , Perlman Christopher M , Tsao Shu-Feng , Chen Helen
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Ontario stroke prevention clinics primarily held in-person visits before the COVID-19 pandemic and then had to shift to a home-based teleconsultation delivery model using telephone or video to provide services during the pandemic. This change may have affected service quality and patient experiences.

OBJECTIVE

This study seeks to understand patient satisfaction with Ontario stroke prevention clinics’ rapid shift to a home-based teleconsultation delivery model used during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research question explores explanatory factors affecting patient satisfaction.

METHODS

Using a cross-sectional service performance model, we surveyed patients who received telephone or video consultations at 2 Ontario stroke prevention clinics in 2021. This survey included closed- and open-ended questions. We used logistic regression and qualitative content analysis to understand factors affecting patient satisfaction with the quality of home-based teleconsultation services.

RESULTS

The overall response rate to the web survey was 37.2% (128/344). The quantitative analysis was based on 110 responses, whereas the qualitative analysis included 97 responses. Logistic regression results revealed that responsiveness (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.034, 95% CI 0.006-0.188; P<.001) and empathy (AOR 0.116, 95% CI 0.017-0.800; P=.03) were significant factors negatively associated with low satisfaction (scores of 1, 2, or 3 out of 5). The only characteristic positively associated with low satisfaction was when survey consent was provided by the substitute decision maker (AOR 6.592, 95% CI 1.452-29.927; P=.02). In the qualitative content analysis, patients with both low and high global satisfaction scores shared the same factors of service dissatisfaction (assurance, reliability, and empathy). The main subcategories associated with dissatisfaction were missing clinical activities, inadequate communication, administrative process issues, and absence of personal connection. Conversely, the high-satisfaction group offered more positive feedback on assurance, reliability, and empathy, as well as on having a competent clinician, appropriate patient selection, and excellent communication and empathy skills.

CONCLUSIONS

The insights gained from this study can be considered when designing home-based teleconsultation services to enhance patient experiences in stroke prevention care.

CLINICALTRIAL
Modifications of Poly(lactic Acid) with Blends and Plasticization for Tenacity and Toughness Improvement
Authors: Mat Piah Mohd Bijarimi , Ahmad Mohammad Norazmi , Abdullah Erna Normaya , Muzakkar Muhammad Zakir
Published: August 2023

This review focuses on the modification of the inherent brittleness of biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) to increase its toughness, as well as recent advances in this field. The most often utilized toughening methods are melt blending, plasticization, and rubber toughening. The process of selecting a toughening scheme is still difficult, although it directly affects the blend's mechanical properties. There has been a lot of development, but there is still a long way to go before we get easily processable, totally bio-based, 100% biodegradable PLA. The blends of PLA with other polymers, such as plasticizers or rubber, are often incompatible with one another, which causes the blend's individual components to behave in a manner consistent with phase separation. Polymer blending has been shown to be particularly effective in attaining high-impact strength. This review addresses the recent progress in improving the toughened PLA to gain properties necessary for the material's future engineering applications. As 3D and 4D printing becomes more accessible, PLA characteristics may be modified and treated utilizing more sophisticated production techniques.
Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction for Determination of Dyes in Food and Water Samples
Authors: Abbas Ruba Fahmi , Mohammed Hassan Mohammed Jasim , Rheima Ahmed Mahdi
Published: August 2023

Recently, magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) is an important technology due to its use in analytical chemistry, biotechnology, and medicinal fields. MSPE shows rapid isolation of target analyte from large volume samples, the huge surface area of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and simplicity in application due to using an external magnetic field instead of using packing column, centrifuge and filter papers. The aim of this review is to evaluate the extraction and determination of dyes in food and water samples by using the MSPE technique.
Synthesis, Structural Determination and Antibacterial Properties of Zinc(II) Complexes Containing 4-Aminopyridine Ligands
Authors: Dasna I Wayan , Mariyam Dewi , Wijaya Husni Wahyu , Arrozi Ubed Sonai Fahruddin , Sugiarto Sugiarto
Published: August 2023

Three zinc(II) complexes containing 4-aminopyridine (4-NH2py) [Zn(4-NH2py)2(NCS)2] (1), [Zn(4-NH2py)2Cl2] (2), and [Zn(4-NH2py)2(NCS)Cl] (3) were synthesized and characterized by FTIR and single crystal X-ray diffraction. All complexes adopt a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry with different crystal packing. Complex 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pmmn space group, complex 2 in the monoclinic C2/c space group, and complex 3 in the orthorhombic Pbca space group. Non-covalent interactions such as NC-S···H, -Cl···H, and µ-µ stacking interaction between 4-NH2py and other ligands (NCS− and Cl−) are observed in the crystals packing. In vitro, antibacterial screening of all complexes was evaluated against two bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). The results show that 1 has the highest antibacterial activity than 2 and 3. This difference is due to differences in the interactions elicited by the anion ligands.
ROLE OF CT CHEST IN EVALUATION OF PULMONARY MANIFESTATIONS OF COVID-19 RECOVERED CASES
Authors: AARTI  , GUPTA SARYU , SIBIA RAMINDERPAL SINGH , GAMBHIR PUNEET
Published: August 2023

Objective: Pulmonary manifestations may be seen in a number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-recovered the evidence on post-COVID pulmonary sequelae is still limited. Herein, we aim to assess the role of computed tomography (CT) chest in the evaluation of pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 recovered cases.
Methods: We conducted a hospital-based study in the Department of Radiodiagnosis at Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital Patiala. It included 182 reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-proven COVID-19 patients after they recovered from the disease with at least one negative RT-PCR test and/or clinical recovery. Clinical data and CT findings in the recovery phase were summarized, and the relationship of different clinical parameters with CT severity scores was analyzed.
Results: The mean (±standard deviation [SD]) age of patients was 50.2±14.7 years, and 62.6% of them were males. The mean (±SD) symptomatic-scan interval was 33.05±22.27 days. Pulmonary abnormalities were found in the majority of the cases in the recovery phase, that is, 176 patients accounting for 96.7%, while six patients had normal scans. Bilateral involvement was seen in 169 out of 176 patients. Common CT patterns observed were ground glass opacities (90.34%), reticular pattern (81.82%), interlobular septal thickening (70.45%), linear opacities (90.34% cases), fibrous stripes (78.41% cases), and consolidation (36.93%). The mean (±SD) CT severity score of our study subjects was 16.10±7.95. Patients were also categorized into four groups according to symptomatic scan interval <1 month, 1–2 month, 2–3 month, and >3 months. We found that residual changes were more severe in patients with shorter symptomatic scan interval.
Conclusion: COVID-19 patients demonstrate persistent pulmonary abnormalities even after clinical recovery. Hence, follow-up in patients with moderate and severe disease is strongly recommended.
DULOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE INDUCED PARESTHESIA - A CASE REPORT
Authors: AR SAI PAWAN , Srivastava Birendra , Adepu Ramesh
Published: August 2023

A 45-year-old HIV-positive female patient experienced a generalized burning sensation after the administration of one dose of duloxetine 20 mg. The patient’s concurrent medications include a fixed drug combination of nevirapine 200 mg, Lamivudine 150 mg, and Zidovudine 300 mg, twice daily for 5 years. The patient recovered from the generalized burning sensation the next day after the withdrawal of duloxetine. From the causal relationship assessment, we observed that neither the disease, comorbid conditions, nor concurrent medications were found responsible for the burning sensation experience in this patient. Available data from post-marketing surveillance of duloxetine suggest that to date the incidence of duloxetine-induced burning sensation of skin was reported to be 1 in 870 patients. Health-care providers should watch for this rare but important adverse effect of duloxetine.
`DIAGNOSTIC PITFALLS IN THE INTERPRETATION OF EXTRANODAL LYMPHOMAS – A CASE SERIES
Authors: Bosco Ronald J , Giridharan Jeevaraj , V Vivitha
Published: August 2023

Extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (ENNHL) by definition affects any organ or tissue excluding lymph node and spleen. Histopathological examination is the investigation of choice that further helps in deciding the advanced diagnostic panel of the immunohistochemistry (IHC) and molecular studies. Histopathological evaluation as such is not straight forward, since there is high probabilty of misdiagnosis and diagnostic pitfalls due to inadequate material, sampling and processing errors, inadequate clinical information, personal subjectivity of clinicians and pathologists, and IHC-related errors. This case series is reported at a tertiary care hospital. Total three cases of ENNHL are reported, where the process of diagnosis went through few pitfalls before the ultimate diagnosis was made. The first case was a jejunal mass clinically diagnosed as carcinoma, histopathologically found to be extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue transforming to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the mesenteric lymph node. Second case describes misinterpretation of small lymphocytic lymphoma as adenocarcinoma deposit in liver by clinical and radiological evaluation. Third case describes follicular dendritic cells of spleen where the first two biopsies showed chronic lymphocytic gastritis and reactive lymphadenitis and finally the third from spleen confirmed the diagnosis. The diagnosis of ENNHL in biopsies requires clinicopathological suspicion with discussion and repeat biopsies if inconclusive. Pathologist should be aware of the gross and microscopic features indicating high-grade NHL transformation in surgical specimens. During the initial clinical evaluation and follow-up of low-grade ENNHL, positron emission tomography scan findings can be used, to effectively target biopsy from areas or regional lymph nodes suspicious of high-grade transformation.
Hacia una hermenéutica intercultural de los derechos humanos
Authors:   Centro de Investigaciones sobre América Latina y el Caribe, Guerrero Guerrero Ana Luisa
Published: August 2023

En este libro se presenta la investigación que Ana Luisa Guerrero realizó en una estancia sabática en el Instituto de Derechos Humanos de la Universidad de Deustoen Bilbao. El objetivo de esta investigación tuvo como finalidad analizar la perspectiva hermenéutica de Xabier Etxeberria sobre los derechos humanos. Se estudian algunas de las propuestas de su enfoque intercultural para la interpretación de los derechos humanos. Así también, se examinan los imaginarios simbólicos de la intersubjetividad simétrica y asimétrica de las relaciones humanas, y sus implicaciones filosófico-políticas.
Un orientalismo periférico: Nuestra América y el Islam
Authors:   Centro de Investigaciones sobre América Latina y el Caribe, Taboada Hernán G. H.
Published: August 2023

Las siguientes páginas reúnen una serie de trabajos en torno a lo que laxamente podemos llamar orientalismo latinoamericano. El tema está adquirendo algún relieve en los últimos años, sin embargo, todavía la bibliografía existente es escasa y la categoría apenas ha sido esbozada. No queda por ello claro si, como sucede con el orientalismo español, el nuestro presenta una visión alternativa, más benévola, del Oriente, o si es un simple calco del orientalismo europeo.
Paraguay: El nacionalismo y sus mitos
Authors:   Centro de Investigaciones sobre América Latina y el Caribe, Makaran Gaya
Published: August 2023

El presente libro nace con el objetivo de presentarle al lector el complejo mundo de la mitología nacionalista paraguaya, no sólo para que pueda conocer mejor el imaginario social de este país lejano, sino para que reflexione sobre sus propios mitos e imaginarios nacionales. La obra está dedicada también a los paraguayos interesados en deconstruir el discurso nacionalista desde una mirada histórica más allá de los esencialismos y romanticismos. Dicha deconstrucción del relato mítico no se debe, sin embargo, a un placer perverso de destrucción de ídolos, sino que ambiciona descubrir los mecanismos que condicionan las creaciones nacionalistas, las causas de su surgimiento y sus finalidades, igual que las relaciones de poder que encubren y el orden que perpetúan.
Linear and Nonlinear Analysis of G+15 Story Building with and without Shear Wall by using Time History Analysis Method
Authors: Pol Mr. Somesh , Dhanuskar Dr. Jagdish , Yadav Dr. Pramod
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This research study aims to analyze and compare the structural behavior of a G+15 story building with and without shear walls using the time history analysis method. The inclusion of shear walls in high-rise buildings has gained significant attention due to their ability to enhance structural stability and reduce lateral loads during seismic events. In this study, a linear and nonlinear analysis approach is adopted to assess the dynamic response of the building under seismic excitations. The methodology involves the creation of a three-dimensional finite element model of the G+15 story building using a commercial software package. The structural properties, including material characteristics and boundary conditions, are defined based on relevant design codes and standards. Two scenarios are considered: one with shear walls distributed strategically throughout the building, and another without any shear walls. The time history analysis is performed by subjecting the model to a set of seismic records representing different design earthquakes. The dynamic responses of the building, such as inter-story drifts, base shear, and structural displacements, are evaluated and compared between the two scenarios. The findings of this study demonstrate that the inclusion of shear walls significantly improves the seismic performance of the G+15 story building. The building with shear walls exhibits reduced inter-story drifts, lower base shear, and improved overall structural stability compared to the building without shear walls. These results highlight the importance of incorporating shear walls in the design of high-rise buildings in seismically active regions.
How to perform the coherent measurement of a curved phase space by continuous isotropic measurement. I. Spin and the Kraus-operator geometry of SL(2,C)
Authors: Jackson Christopher S. , Caves Carlton M.
Published: August 2023

The generalized Q-function of a spin system can be considered the outcome probability distribution of a state subjected to a measurement represented by the spin-coherent-state (SCS) positive-operator-valued measure (POVM). As fundamental as the SCS POVM is to the 2-sphere phase-space representation of spin systems, it has only recently been reported that the SCS POVM can be performed for any spin system by continuous isotropic measurement of the three total spin components [E. Shojaee, C. S. Jackson, C. A. Riofrio, A. Kalev, and I. H. Deutsch, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 130404 (2018)]. This article develops the theoretical details of the continuous isotropic measurement and places it within the general context of curved-phase-space correspondences for quantum systems. The analysis is in terms of the Kraus operators that develop over the course of a continuous isotropic measurement. The Kraus operators of any spin j are shown to represent elements of the Lie group SL(2,C)≅Spin(3,C), a complex version of the usual unitary operators that represent elements of SU(2)≅Spin(3,R). Consequently, the associated POVM elements represent points in the symmetric space SU(2)∖SL(2,C), which can be recognized as the 3-hyperboloid. Three equivalent stochastic techniques, (Wiener) path integral, (Fokker-Planck) diffusion equation, and stochastic differential equations, are applied to show that the continuous isotropic POVM quickly limits to the SCS POVM, placing spherical phase space at the boundary of the fundamental Lie group SL(2,C) in an operationally meaningful way. Two basic mathematical tools are used to analyze the evolving Kraus operators, the Maurer-Cartan form, modified for stochastic applications, and the Cartan, decomposition associated with the symmetric pair SU(2) ⊂ SL(2,C). Informed by these tools, the three schochastic techniques are applied directly to the Kraus operators in a representation-independent – and therefore geometric – way (independent of any spectral information about the spin components).The Kraus-operator-centric, geometric treatment applies not just to SU(2) ⊂ SL(2,C), but also to any compact semisimple Lie group and its complexification. The POVM associated with the continuous isotropic measurement of Lie-group generators thus corresponds to a type-IV globally Riemannian symmetric space and limits to the POVM of generalized coherent states. This generalization is the focus of a sequel to this article.
Application of N-Acetyl-Glucosaminil-N-Acetyl-Muramyl Dipeptide during Triple Component Anti-Helicobacter Pylori Therapy in the Period of Coronavirus Infection COVID-19
Authors: Konorev M. R. , Tyshevich E. N. , Pavlyukov R. A.
Published: August 2023

Aim: evaluation of the incidence of COVID-19 infection after three-component H. pylori eradication therapy while taking N-acetyl-glucosaminyl-N-acetyl-muramyl dipeptide (GMDP).

Materials and methods. A prospective randomized comparative clinical study was carried out. The study included 208 patients (147 men, 61 women; mean age — 48.1 ± 14.5 years) with duodenal ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) who underwent eradication therapy. H. pylori in the gastric mucosa was detected by a morphological method and a rapid urease test before treatment and 6-8 weeks after the end of treatment and the withdrawal of all drugs. Patients were divided into three groups according to treatment protocols: omeprazole 0.04 g/day, clarithromycin 1 g/day, amoxicillin 2 g/day (OСA; n = 103); omeprazole 0.04 g/day, clarithromycin 1 g/day, amoxicillin 2 g/day + GMDP 0.001 g/day (OCAL1; n = 61) or 0.01 g/day (OCAL10; n = 44) for 10 days. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by PCR was carried out from April 2020 to April 2022. Tracking completeness was 96.6 %.

Results. The frequency of H. pylori eradication depending on “intention to treat” (ITT) and “per protocol” (PP): OCA — 79 % (95 % CI: 71-87) and 83 % (95 % CI: 75-91); OCAL1 — 95 % (95 % CI: 88-100) and 97 % (95 % CI: 92-100); OCAL10 — 96 % (95 % CI: 89-100) and 98 % (95 % CI: 93-100) respectively. The frequency of adverse reactions depending on ITT and PP: OCA — 24 % (95 % CI: 16-33) and 26 % (95 % CI: 17-35); OCAL1 — 2 % (95 % CI: 0.01-8) and 2 % (95 % CI: 0.01-8); OCAL10 — 2 % (95 % CI: 0.01-7) and 2 % (95 % CI: 0.01-7). The incidence of COVID-19 infection depending on ITT and PP: OCA — 9 % (95 % CI: 3-14) and 9 % (95 % CI: 3-15); OCAL1 + OCAL10 — 1 % (95 % CI: 0.003-1.9) and 1 % (95 % CI: 0.001-2.9), respectively.

Conclusions. In H. pylori-infected patients, GMDP (an immunomodulator based on L. bulgaricus) at a dose of 1-10 mg/day, during a 10-day triple eradication therapy, allows a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the frequency of H. pylori eradication and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions compared with a 10-day protocol without adjuvant therapy with GMDP. There was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the incidence of COVID-19 infection after H. pylori eradication therapy with GMDP.
Implementasi Fuzzy Logic Untuk Menilai Kondisi Air Aquarium Berbasis IoT
Authors: Junaedi Junaedi , Daniawan Benny , Abidin Abidin , Hermawan Aditiya
Published: August 2023

Fluktuasi suhu yang sangat tinggi yang menyebabkan kematian masal pada budidaya ikan hias. Kematian ikan hias ini disebabkan dari kondisi air yang kurang baik sehingga diperlukan sebuah sistem mekanisme yang dapat memantau kondisi air didalam sebuah akuarium secara realtime tanpa batasan oleh jarak dan dapat menjadi solusi atas perubahan suhu yang naik turun secara signifikan. Bila kondisi air terpantau secara realtime tentu saja ikan hias yang dirawat diakuarium menjadi lebih sehat dan tidak mudah mati sehingga akan menghasilkan kualitas ikan hias yang terbaik. Untuk itu dibutuhkan sebuah sistem yang dapat memantau kondisi air yang ada diakuarium untuk menurunkan jumlah kematian pada ikan hias. Hasil dari penelitian adalah sebuah sistem yang mampu memantau kondisi air pada akuarium, seperti : memantau dan mengontrol suhu, memantau tingkat kekeruhan pada air, dan memantau ph air. Sistem ini dibuat dengan sebuah mikrokontroller arduino yang terhubung dengan internet dengan dukungan Internet of Things (IoT) dan metode pengukuran Fuzzy Logic. Sistem ini juga dapat menyimpan historis dengan bantuan sebuah platform dari Thingspeak dan MitApp untuk pembuatan mobile aplikasinya.
Prediksi Peningkatan Jumlah Nasabah Deposito Berjangka Menggunakan Algoritma KNN, Decision Tree, Random Forest Dan Xgboost
Authors: Maulidah Nurlaelatul
Published: August 2023

Bank merupakan sebuah lembaga keuangan yang umumnya didirikan untuk menghimpun dana dari masyarakat dalam bentuk simpanan dan menyalurkan kepada masyarakat dalam bentuk kredit atau bentuk lainnya dengan rangka meningkatkan taraf hidup rakyat banyak. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pengujian empat algoritma machine learning yaitu K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN), Decision Tree, Random Forest dan XGBoost, untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan tingkat akurasi dari masing-masing algoritma tersebut dalam melakukan prediksi terhadap peningkatan jumlah nasabah deposito berjangka bank. Pada penelitian ini dataset diperoleh dari UCI Machine Learning Repository. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diproses. Dari hasil pengujian didapatkan tingkat akurasi terbaik sebesar 92,36% dengan menggunakan algoritma XGBoost.
A política das intervenções humanitárias
Authors: Mello Valença Marcelo , Bizzo Affonso Luiza
Published: August 2023

A partir de uma visão solidarista, este artigo explora a evolução das operações de paz ao longo do tempo de acordo com as mudanças percebidas na forma dos conflitos armados contemporâneos e seus impactos no debate sobre intervenção humanitária. Para tanto, utilizamos como objeto de análise as intervenções conduzidas sob a égide da ONU de forma a prevenir crises humanitárias. Acusamos que a politização do processo decisório no tocante às suas autorizações e definição de mandato leva ao agravamento de tais crises. Apontamos que o conceito de emergência complexa pode apontar condições de verificação para a necessidade e intervenção, complementando o princípio da Responsabilidade de Proteger e superando zonas cinzentas no tocante ao decidir quando intervir.
Differential presentation of hypersensitivity reactions to carboplatin and oxaliplatin: phenotypes, endotypes and management with desensitization.
Authors: Jimenez-Rodriguez Teodorikez , Sánchez Leticia De las Vecillas , Labella Marina , Lynch Donna-Marie , Besz Kylie Marie , Marquis Kathleen , Burgos Amparo , Gomis Victor Soriano , Lozano Inmaculada , Antón Rosa Ana Montoyo , Calle Francisco Marco de la , Delgado Purificacion Gonzalez , Gutiérrez Aurora , Montenegro Estefanía , Rodríguez Fernando , Fernandez Javier , Castells Mariana
Published: August 2023

Background Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) to
platinum-based drugs are heterogenous and restrict their access, and
drug desensitization (DD) has provided a ground-breaking procedure for
their re-introduction, although the response is heterogeneous. We aimed
to identify the phenotypes, endotypes and biomarkers of reactions to
carboplatin and oxaliplatin and their response to DD. Methods
Seventy-nine patients presenting with DHRs to oxaliplatin (N=46), and
carboplatin (N=33) were evaluated at the Allergy Departments of two
tertiary care hospitals in Spain. Patient symptoms, skin testing,
biomarkers, and outcomes of 267 DDs were retrospectively analyzed.
Results Oxaliplatin-reactive patients presented with type I
(74%), cytokine release reaction (CRR) (11%), and mixed (Mx) (15%)
phenotypes. In contrast, carboplatin reactive patients presented with
predominantly type I (85%) and Mx (15%) but no CRRs. Out of 267 DDs,
breakthrough reactions (BTRs) to oxaliplatin occurred twice as
frequently as carboplatin (32% versus 15%; p<0.05).
Phenotype switching from type I to another phenotype was observed in
46% of oxaliplatin DDs compared to 21% of carboplatin DDs. Tryptase
was elevated in type I and Mx reactions, and IL-6 in CRR and Mx,
indicating different mechanisms and endotypes. Conclusion
Carboplatin and oxaliplatin induced three different types of reactions
with defined phenotypes and endotypes amendable to DD. Although most of
the initial reactions for both were type I, oxaliplatin presented with
unique CRR reactions. During DD, carboplatin reactive patients presented
mostly type I BTR, while oxaliplatin reactive patients frequently
switched from type I to CRR, providing a critical difference and the
need for personalized DD protocols.
Analysis of local stress redistribution effects in short glass fibre-reinforced thermoplastics during fatigue using mesomechanical simulations
Authors: Schmohl Roman , Çelik Hakan , Dahlmann Rainer , Hopmann Christian
Published: August 2023

Injection moulded short fibre-reinforced thermoplastics (SFRT) consist
of a layer structure of different fibre orientations. As a result, the
material’s stiffness and strength properties are highly anisotropic
across the part and through the thickness. This study investigates the
stress redistribution between layers with transverse and parallel fibre
orientation caused by fatigue loading. For the analysis, fatigue data
obtained from homogeneous highly oriented specimens are used to avoid
layer interactions. The degradation of the dynamic stiffness of the meso
plane acquired during the tests is implemented in a finite element (FE)
model. Homogenisation methods for the fibre-matrix system are applied to
describe the orthotropic layer stiffness. The study reveals stress
redistributions from layers with transversely oriented fibres to layers
with parallel fibres in relation to the load direction. The magnitude of
the redistributed stresses in the simulated composite is small in
relation to the quasistatic strength with a maximum amount of 0.26%.
Fungal endophytes from medicinal plants acting as natural therapeutic reservoir
Authors: Chandra Harish , Yadav Archana , Prasad Rajendra , Kalra Swinder Jeet , Singh Ajay , Bhradwaj Nitin , Gupta Kartikey
Published: August 2023

Fungal endophytes are reservoirs of bioactive molecules imparting
therapeutic potential to the indigenous medicinal plants. Since new
strains of microbial pathogens are evolving with their ability towards
drug resistance, herbal phytometabolites are new lead for exploiting
their potential in the field of medicine. Ethnobotanical literatures and
scientific potential of medicinal plants in traditional medicine has
always developed interest for the quest of new bioactive compounds
produced by endophytic bacteria and fungi. The endophytic association of
medicinal plant imparts therapeutic attributes to the plant metabolites.
Endophytes include bacteria, virus and fungi but as per literature
fungal endophytes are more promising for exploring the potential
compounds, they synthesize in host plants. The occurrence of endophytic
association is found in almost all plant species and their roles are
well established. This association are present in root, stem and leaves
these microbial endophytes enhance growth, yield, stress tolerance,
control plant pathogens and manage diseases naturally. In present
review, the potential benefits of endophytes such as anti- inflammatory,
antimicrobial, anticancer, antidepressants, immunosuppressant, etc. are
discussed.
Unveiling the Role of Monsoon Rains on the Water Quality of River Indus
Authors: Imad Hafiz Usama , Abro Arsalan , Pathan Ashfaque Ahmed , Marvari Lal Chand , Salam Abdul , Hussain Murtaza
Published: August 2023

Water plays an important role in maintaining life on the earth. Water
pollution poses a significant risk to humans and other elements of the
ecosystem. Limited availability of fresh water emphasizes using it
judiciously and it becomes imperative to protect and conserve water
sources. Rainfall is one of the important sources of water recharge in
water bodies, which ultimately is consumed for various activities.
However, runoff generated because of these rainfall events flows over a
variety of lands before entering into these water bodies, causing
intrusion of several pollutants including pesticides, fertilizers,
organic matter, nutrients, manure, and other minerals, subsequently
polluting the water bodies. This study explores the impact of monsoon
rains on the water quality of the river Indus at upstream and downstream
of Kotri Barrage. Water samples were collected from upstream and
downstream of Kotri Barrage, and analyzed for pH, Total Dissolved Solids
(TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total suspended solids (TSS),
hardness, turbidity, and chloride concentrations. Results indicated the
alteration of all parameters in the post-monsoon season. pH and hardness
of the river decreased while TSS, turbidity, TDS, and EC increased in
the post-monsoon season. The chloride concentration and acidity of the
river were slightly increased after the rainfall events. Notably, TSS
(Total Suspended Solids) and turbidity values exceeded the WHO limits,
indicating higher levels of suspended particles and cloudiness in the
water during the post-monsoon season. The findings of this study
collectively underscore the influence of various factors contributing to
the deteriorating water quality parameters during the post-monsoon
season.
BnGSTU12 enhance the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum resistance in B. napus through ROS homeostasis and JA signaling pathway
Authors: Wei Lijuan , Jiang Huanhuan , Li Yali , Xu Jinxiong , Chai You-Rong , Lu Kun , Li Jiana
Published: August 2023

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was one of the serious diseases in
B. napus, which could result in large loss of the yield of
B. napus. In previous study, we identified the candidate GST
gene, BnGSTU12, associated with sclerotiorum stem
resistance and the expression levels of BnGSTU12 in resistant
lines were higher than that in susceptible lines. We analyzed the
function of BnGSU12 in B. napus in this study. The
expression level of BnGSTU12 increased significantly at 24 h
after S. sclerotiorum infection. Transgenic functional analysis
indicated that overexpression of BnGSTU12 in A. thaliana
and B. napus and transient expression of BnGSTU12 in
tobacco enhanced S. sclerotiorum resistance, whereas
virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)-mediated BnGSTU12 silencing
reduced S. sclerotiorum resistance. The inoculated
BnGSTU12-OE A. thaliana and B. napus plants showed
higher antioxidant enzyme activity and lower H O
content than WT. BnGSTU12 was rapidly induced
by the hormone SA and MeJA, and we investigated whether the JA and SA
pathway was involved in GSTU12 mediated S. sclerotiorum
resistance. JA content was higher in the inoculated BnGSTU12-OE
than WT plants. In addition, the expression level of JAR gene
involving in JA-Ile biosynthesis and JA-responsive genes (
PDF1.2) were higher, JAZ gene repressing JA signaling was
less in OE plants than WT after 12 and 24 h inoculation with S.
sclerotiorum. The results showed that BnGSTU12 enhanced S.
sclerotiorum resistance through ROS homeostasis and JA signaling
pathway.
The effect of afforestation on inorganic carbon in soils of arid and semi-arid lands of northwest China
Authors: zhu xinglin , H. Si J. , jia bin , HE Xiaohui , Zhou Dongmeng , wang chunlin , qin jie , Liu Zijin
Published: August 2023

Alxa is a region with severe land desertification and extreme ecological
fragility in China. The plantation in the area has effectively curbed
the desertification of the local land. However, Studies on soil
inorganic carbon（SIC）dynamics after sandy land afforestation are still
relatively few. Understanding SIC profiles’ distribution and stock
changes after afforestation is essential for assessing regional,
continental, and global soil carbon sink potential. Using 5, 11, 22, and
46 years of Haloxylon ammodendron (H. ammodendron) plantations and
control sands (MS) in the Alxa region, we studied the variation
characteristics of SIC with increasing stand age from 0 to 300 cm.
Within the 0-300 cm soil layer, SIC storage increased significantly
after afforestation, with 46yrs increasing by 6.52 kg m-2 compared to
MS. SIC sequestration rate (CSR) decreased with increasing stand age, in
the order of 5yrs（0.054 kg m-2 yr-1）＞11yrs（0.025 kg m-2
yr-1）＞22yrs（0.016 kg m-2 yr-1）＞46yrs（0.009 kg m-2 yr-1）. The
100~300 cm SIC storage accounts for over 60% of the SIC
pool. Soil carbon pool estimation will be largely underestimated if only
the shallow SIC is considered.