bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technical Note: Syringe Cell to Avoid Crevice Corrosion on Stainless Steels During Potentiodynamic Polarization Testing
Authors: Hernández José Wilmar Calderón , de Souza Carvalho Machado Caruline , Costa Isolda , de Melo Hercílio Gomes
Published: September 2021

In this study, an electrochemical syringe droplet cell was developed and used to evaluate the pitting corrosion resistance of Type 304 stainless steel. The cell was also adapted to perform measurements in deaerated environment, by means of continuous N2 injection. The results obtained with the syringe cells, in both conditions (aerated and deaerated), were reproducible and free of crevice corrosion because the cell configuration does not allow obtaining this condition. The proposed cell demonstrates coherency with data acquired using conventional cell arrangements, being a potential alternative to study pitting corrosion of passive metals.
Dysbiosis, gut-blood barrier rupture and autoimmune response in rheumatoid arthritis and schizophrenia
Authors: Maślińska Maria , Trędzbor Beata , Krzystanek Marek
Published: September 2021

The primary cause of chronic autoimmune diseases is elusive both in somatic medicine and psychiatry. Examples of such conditions are rheumatoid arthritis and schizophrenic disorders. Immune disturbances occur in both diseases, but it is difficult to combine them into a meaningful pathogenetic model. The immunological hypothesis of schizophrenia is based on non-specific changes in the cytokine system and exponents of chronic inflammation in some patients. In rheumatoid arthritis the cytokine network is much better known than in schizophrenia, and interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor or Janus kinases became a target of treatment. Microbiome dysbiosis and disturbances of the blood–gut barrier may be a new hypothesis of the pathogenesis of somatic and psychiatric diseases. The purpose of this narrative review was to show, using the example of two chronic diseases – rheumatoid arthritis and schizophrenic disorders – that disturbances in the blood barrier of the intestine can be a common mechanism of somatic and mental disorders.

The paper presents the current state of knowledge on the hypothetical relationship between microbiome dysbiosis and the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and rheumatoid arthritis. In conclusion, in the light of discoveries regarding the microbiome–gut–brain axis the immunological model of rheumatoid arthritis and schizophrenia formation may gain importance and contribute to the creation of new strategies for causal treatment of these still incurable diseases.
Children hospitalized for juvenile arthritis in the United States
Authors: Kumar Nomesh , Ramphul Kamleshun , Ramphul Yogeshwaree , Verma Renuka , Mejias Stephanie , Lohana Petras , Joynauth Jyotsnav
Published: September 2021

Juvenile arthritis (JA) is an autoimmune condition affecting children. We used the 2017 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) to evaluate the impact of JA in the United States. The admission data were converted to weighted form and patients between the ages of 0 and 18 (inclusive) were used in our study. 560 weighted cases were found in 2017. It was more common in females than males (340 females, 220 males), Whites (235 cases), and Medicaid covered 61.6% of all patients with JA (345 cases). The total hospital charges were $25,147,389 while the mean length of stay (LOS) was 4.55 days. The highest number of cases was reported in April 2017.
The use of radiosynovectomy in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Assessment of treatment efficacy and safety
Authors: Gazda Agnieszka , Ćwikła Jarosław , Kołodziejczyk Beata , Szczygielska Izabela , Hernik Elżbieta , Gietka Piotr , Rutkowska-Sak Lidia
Published: September 2021

Introduction

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of knee joint radiosynovectomy (RS) in patients suffering from juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Material and methods

One hundred RS procedures performed in 58 patients with JIA in average age 10.4 years were evaluated.

Results

After 6 weeks, a decrease in the number of cases with joint pain from 90.3% to 29%, with joint oedema from 100% to 74.5%, with joint exudate from 100% to 60.6%, with gait disorders from 19.4% to 3.2%, with joint mobility disorders from 51.1% to 26.6% in the RS cases was observed. A reduction of the score in the Colorado scale from 10.9 to 4.66, in the pain visual analogue scale (VAS) from 50 to 10, in the illness VAS assessed by the patient/parent from 69.9 to 32.4, in the illness VAS assessed by the physician from 68.8 to 36.9 was observed. Six months after the RS procedure, a reduction in the number of cases with joint pain from 89.5% prior to the procedure to 29.5%, with oedema from 100% to 58.3%, with exudate from 100% to 46.9%, with gait disorders from 20% to 2.1%, with joint motility disorders from 51.1% to 26.1% was achieved. The score in the Colorado scale was reduced from 10.9 to 4.04, in the pain VAS from 40 to 0, in the illness VAS assessed by the patient/parent from 69.7 to 27.9, in the illness VAS assessed by the physician from 68.8 to 32.4. In ultrasound examinations, the greatest improvement compared to the initial condition was recorded in the 6th month after the RS. Radiosynovectomy was positively evaluated by parents and patients in 34 anonymous surveys. Early and late observations (average 1473 days) did not show lesions at the isotope injection site, and no neoplastic lesions were observed.

Conclusions

Radiosynovectomy is a valuable therapeutic option for local treatment in patients with JIA.
Use of the rheumatic drug tocilizumab for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 patients
Authors: Grygiel-Górniak Bogna , Shaikh Osama , Niranjan Kumar Nikita , Heng Hsu Shao , Samborski Włodzimierz
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by a new coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has been observed to vary in its degree of symptoms. One of the most important clinical manifestations is pneumonia and the subsequent worsening of the hyperinflammatory state and cytokine storm.

Tocilizumab (TCB) is a recombinant humanized, anti-human monoclonal antibody of the immunoglobulin G1k (IgG1k) subclass that acts against soluble and membrane-bound interleukin six receptors (IL-6R). There is wide use of TCB in rheumatic diseases. However, recently this medication has been used in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Tocilizumab application in COVID-19 patients with a high risk of a cytokine storm shows a positive response in reducing the mortality rate. Moreover, TCB minimizes the time needed to recover, improves oxygenation, shortens the duration of vasopressor support, and reduces the likelihood of invasive mechanical ventilation.

Therefore we provide an overview of recent studies to understand the efficacy of this drug under various circumstances, including COVID-19 and rheumatic pathologies. This article also explores and integrates the different treatment possibilities in prominent anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory-related symptoms. The preliminary data demonstrate promising results regarding the efficacy of TCB use in severe COVID-19 patients. Nevertheless, randomized controlled trials, with adequate sample sizes and sufficient follow-up periods, are needed to form conclusions and establish treatment recommendations.
Mining of Algal Lipids for the Production of Biofuel Using Oedogonium tyrolicum
Authors:   Genolites Research and Development Laboratory, Coimbatore-641035, TamilNadu, India., R KarukuvelRaja , Prasad S Sanjay ,   Genolites Research and Development Laboratory, Coimbatore-641035, TamilNadu, India., Shanmugam Rekha ,   Department of Biotechnology, PRIDE, Periyar university, Salem-636011, TamilNadu, India., Shalini Dr. K. V. ,   Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore- 641043, TamilNadu, India.
Published: September 2021

Fuel is the most significant need of the modern world but now the availability of fuel source has decreased alarmingly. Therefore, scientists are investigating the other alternative source as substitutes for fuel. Microalgae are considered as one of the best source for the fuel production because they are easily available, cheaper, easy to handle and eco-friendly. In this study, the Oedogonium tyrolicum was isolated from Sulur Lake. The isolated species were identified by morphological examination. It was cultivated for extraction of fatty acids by slight modification on Blight & Dryer method. Fatty acid content from the isoted microalgae was found to be 16%. Trans-esterification was carried out to the extracted fatty acids. Characterization of the biodiesel was done by UV Spectroscopy, FTIR and GCMS. In UV Spectroscopy analysis, the peak was observed at 275nm which refers the presence of FAME in extracted biodiesel. Three functional groups corresponding to Carboxylic acid, Alkane (Methyl group) and Ester are identified using FT-IR analysis and there were 21 type of mono esters present in biodiesel. 69.54% of FAME compounds were identified by GCMS analysis. These results conclude that Oedogonium tyrolicum can serve as a potential source for the biodiesel production. Thus Oedogonium tyrolicum can be used for large scale production of biofuels.
Book Review: The Cheese Biscuit Queen Tells All
Authors:   Florence County Library System, Ray Linda
Published: September 2021

Linda Ray reviews The Cheese Biscuit Queen Tells All: Southern Recipes, Sweet Remembrances, and a Little Rambunctious Behavior, written by Mary Martha Green.
Estrategia educativa para la formación de valores actitudinales en estudiantes de Licenciatura en Educación Especial
Authors: Santos Murga Stalin , Gell Labañino Adia , Espinoza Freire Eudaldo Enrique
Published: September 2021

La actual sociedad atraviesa una crisis de valores morales a nivel mundial evidenciada mediante actitudes negativas en el orden social; esta realidad no es ajena al contexto mexicano. Es la escuela un agente de formación de estos valores, pero no siempre es efectivo el trabajo en la práctica. Este manuscrito tiene como objetivo socializar la estrategia educativa para la formación de valores actitudinales en los estudiantes de segundo grado de la Licenciatura de Educación Especial de la Centenaria Escuela Normal del Estado “Ignacio Manuel Altamirano” en México, elaborada a partir de la caracterización del proceso de formación de valores actitudinales. El estudio de tipo descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo se sustenta en los métodos de investigación: analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, revisión documental, triangulación de datos, estadístico y el criterio de especialistas, así como en las técnicas de entrevista y encuesta. Entre los resultados se significan las insuficiencias del proceso de formación de valores actitudinales desde la transversalidad y la propuesta de una estrategia educativa para contribuir a superar estas falencias
Modelo de la dinámica competitiva para la enseñanza-aprendizaje del voleibol en la categoría 11-12 años
Authors: Méndez Guerra Adrián , Castro Marcelo Rolando , Pérez Guerra Edecio
Published: September 2021

El artículo trata el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del voleibol en la categoría 11-12 años a través de la competición como derrotero para el logro de resultados de la enseñanza-aprendizaje solucionando las diversas situaciones de juego que se le presentan a los voleibolistas durante el acto competitivo, por lo cual, se formuló como objetivo elaborar un modelo para la enseñanza-aprendizaje del voleibol como sustento de la dinámica competitiva. Entre los métodos empleados se encuentran: observación científica, revisión documental y bibliográfica, holístico-configuracional, analítico-sintético y estadístico.  Asimismo, se valoró la pertinencia y factibilidad científica de los resultados investigativos a través del pre-experimento, acompañado con el criterio de experto, concluyendo que el modelo propuesto evidencia las relaciones esenciales entre las configuraciones que lo conforman, lo que permite comprender la lógica integradora de la sistematización de la competición, revelada en los subsistemas como vías para que los jugadores se apropien del voleibol mediante la competición.
Resultados del uso del Pentacam. Centro de Tratamiento Láser, enero–junio 2018. Quito
Authors: Rocha Machin Aymee , Martin Rocha Alejandro , Jarrín Briones Nelly Carola , Ruiz Yépez María José , Licea Reyes Yoandra
Published: September 2021

Por ser la vista el sentido más preciado por el hombre, este ha desarrollado diversos dispositivos electrónicos para su estudio, entre ellos el Pentacam, que sirve para el estudio de la córnea. Este trabajo tuvo el propósito de analizar los resultados obtenidos de los exámenes de Pentacam realizados en el Centro de Tratamiento Láser de la ciudad de Quito, durante el periodo de enero a junio del 2018, mediante un estudio descriptivo de tipo transversal con enfoque cuantitativo; sustentado en los métodos de observación científica, revisión bibliográfica, analítico-sintético y estadístico. La muestra estuvo formada por 150 pacientes, a los que se les examinó el ojo derecho. Los resultados más significativos obtenidos fueron: mayor presencia de patologías corneales en edades entre los 11 y 30 años; predominio del sexo masculino; la progresión queratométrica identifica con mayor fiabilidad una patología; disminución de casos patológicos a partir de los 40 años; la elevación  frontal  y elevación posterior no mostraron diferencia al identificar la presencia de una patología; TKC (Queratocono) no está en dependencia directa con la Pq y prevalencia de los ejes de astigmatismo oblicuos.
Vinculación de la enseñanza con la vida
Authors: Siguenza Coronel Allison Brigitte , Calle Velez Liliana Mishell , Iza Sarmiento Yonely Lilibeth
Published: September 2021

El aprendizaje constituye el camino esencial que prepara al individuo para la vida. El presente trabajo de revisión bibliográfica tiene como objetivo analizar las principales características de la pedagogía humanista, sustentado en los métodos de análisis de contenido y hermenéutico. El análisis e interpretación de la literatura especializada permiten concluir que la enseñanza para la vida prepara al individuo para asumir estrategias direccionadas a la búsqueda de conocimientos que permitan solucionar los problemas que surgen en el transcurso de su existencia. La pedagogía humanista persigue al desarrollo integral del sujeto, potenciando sus capacidades, donde el principal contenido del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje es la vida humana. Entre los factores para alcanzar este propósito están la creación de espacios armónicos de aprendizaje partiendo de los resultados del diagnóstico, empleo de las vivencias cotidianas para el acercamiento del educando a los contenidos, las tareas para la casa como recurso de sistematización y reafirmación, las estrategias de evaluación y el fomento de valores humanos. Existen metodologías de enseñanza como el aprendizaje basado en la resolución de problemas, los juegos cooperativos y los videos enmarcados en la teoría social del aprendizaje, que propician el acercamiento de los contenidos curriculares a la realidad del escolar.
The effectiveness of early intervention on malocclusion and its impact on craniofacial growth: A systematic review
Authors: Valério Patrícia , Poklepović Peričić Tina , Rossi Andrea , Grippau Cristina , Tavares Campos Júlia dos Santos , Borges do Nascimento Israel Júnior
Published: September 2021

This review aims to assess the available evidence related to the effectiveness of early interventions on malocclusion and its impact on the craniofacial structure among children under six years of age. Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between nutritive sucking behavior mechanisms on the oral facial components. We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and the LILACS from inception to December 10, 2020, to identify published randomized and non-randomized controlled trials that investigated the broad spectrum of early interventions for the treatment of malocclusions among pediatric patients under six years old. We have also included studies that evaluated the impact or the relationship between feeding alternatives, malocclusion, and craniofacial growth. Reviewers working in pairs investigators independently performed title and abstract screening, full-text screening, data extraction, risk of bias assessment using ROBINS-I tool, and rated the certainty of evidence using GRADE. Seven studies were included (783 patients), with an overall risk of bias classified as critical. Early treatment was shown to improve facial asymmetry, particularly in the lower part of the face, along with an increase of palatal volume and palatal surface. Early treatment showed important reduction of mandibular protrusion and length, leading to favorable sagittal growth of the maxilla. Furthermore, the early intervention significantly enhanced the average bite force magnitude (from 318.20 N to 382.79 N) and increased the general thickness of facial muscles. Our findings suggest that the benefits generated by early orthodontic interventions are related to the improvement of craniofacial symmetry/bone structure, and refinement of masticatory ability and performance. Notwithstanding, there is still a need for further studies appraising patient-important outcomes, such as quality of life and nutritional features.
A Legacy of Distinction: Professor Adeyinka Charles Adisa (1965–2020) M.B.B.S (Ibadan), FWACS, FACS, FICS
Authors: Ariyo Abraham A.
Published: September 2021

(no abstract available)
Citation: Journal of Global Medicine 2021, 1: 23 - http://dx.doi.org/10.51496/jogm.v1.23
From Cold War Sanctions to Weaponized Interdependence: An Annotated Bibliography on Competition and Control over Emerging Technologies
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Kline Adam , Hwang Tim
Published: September 2021

As U.S. policymakers grapple with the need to control international technology flows, this annotated bibliography distills key lessons and surveys 50 years of scholarship, government documents, and commentary. The resources it presents are at the intersection of international economics and technology and span from the Cold War to the current challenges surrounding U.S.-China relations.
Totally Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection Outcomes from A Single Center
Authors: Çiçek Murat , Korun Oktay , Yurdakök Okan , Altın Hüsnü Fırat , Önalan Mehmet Akif , Bulut Mustafa Orhan , İzgi Çoşkun Filiz , Şaşmazel Ahmet , Özdemir Fatih , Aydemir Numan Ali
Published: September 2021

Introduction: There is limited data on totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) repair results in our country. The aim of this study is to evaluate the early postoperative results of a large series of TAPVC patients operated in our clinic.

Patients and Methods: The data of the patients who underwent TAPVC repair in our clinic between May 2005 and May 2021 were retrospectively reviewed using hospital records.

Results: A total of 150 TAPVC patients aged between 0 days and 39 years (median 3 months, IQR: 18 days-9 months), 92 males (61%) and 58 females (39%) underwent surgical intervention. The median length of hospi- tal stay was 12 (IQR: 7-16) days. Overall mortality was 14% (21 patients). Seventeen out of 32 patients with additional cardiac anomalies (53%) and 4 out of 118 patients with isolated TAPVC (3%) died. The presence of additional cardiac anomalies was associated with mortality (p< 0.00001). Mortality rate in univentricular patients was 59% (10 patients). This rate was higher in comparison to the mortality rate of biventricular patients (8%; p< 0.00001). Three patients were reoperated due to postoperative pulmonary venous stenosis.

Conclusion: The TAPVC outcomes in isolated and biventricular patients were favorable with a low mortality and postoperative pulmonary venous stenosis in this cohort. Patients with a single ventricle physiology and/or heterotaxia had a significantly increased risk of mortality, which might be due to the intrinsic challenges of the univentricular physiology regarding the balance between the pulmonary and systemic circulations. Tendency for increased mortality in the cases with preoperative pulmonary venous obstruction is a potential target for improvement.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: ANISAH NUR
Published: September 2021

Jenis penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilakukan di SDN 03 Kutoharjo Kaliwungu Kendal. Subjek dalam penelitian ini merupakan siswa kelas VI.A SDN 03 Kutoharjo Kaliwungu Kendal sebanyak 1 kelas yaitu 23 siswa. Soal tes hasil belajar dalam bentuk pilihan ganda dengan 4 pilihan jawaban sebanyak 20 soal dan lembar format observasi digunakan sebagai Teknik pengumpulan data. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan metode observasi. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa sebelum diberikan tindakan, dari hasil pre tes diperoleh rata-rata pengetahuan awal siswa tentang materi perubahan sifat benda sebesar 0% atau tidak seorangpun siswa yang dinyatakan tuntas belajar. Setelah dilakukan siklus I dari hasil postes rata-rata hasil belajar siswa meningkat dengan jumlah siswa yang telah tuntas belajar sebanyak 15 siswa atau sebesar 65,2%. Karena jumlah siswa yang tuntas hanya 65,2% atau kurang dari 85% maka secara klasikal siswa masih belum berhasil mencapai ketuntasan belajar secara klasikal sehingga masih perlu dilakukan perbaikan pada siklus II. Setelah dilakukan perbaikan pembelajaran pada siklus II dari hasil postes siklus II rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada materi perubahan sifat benda meningkat menjadi 22 siswa atau 95,6%. Karena jumlah siswa yang tuntas sebesar 95,6% atau lebih dari 85% maka secara klasikal siswa dinyatakan telah berhasil mencapai ketuntasan belajar sehingga dianggap cukup dan tidak perlu dilakukan siklus selanjutnya. Karena itu, berdasarkan hasil penelitian tindakan yang dilakukan selama 2 siklus dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA materi pokok perubahan sifat benda di kelas VI.A SDN 03 Kutoharjo Kaliwungu Kendal.
Extreme Events Representation in CMCC-CM2 High and Very-High Resolution General Circulation Models
Authors: Scoccimarro Enrico , Peano Daniele , Gualdi Silvio , Bellucci Alessio , Lovato Tomas , Fogli Pier Giuseppe , Navarra Antonio
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The recent advancements in climate modelling partially build on the improvement of horizontal resolution in different components of the simulating system. A higher resolution is expected to provide a better representation of the climate variability, and in this work we are particularly interested in the potential improvements in representing extreme events of high temperature and precipitation. The two versions of the CMCC-CM2 model used here, adopt the highest horizontal resolutions available within the last family of the global coupled climate models de¬veloped at CMCC to participate in the CMIP6 effort. The main aim of this study is to document the ability of the CMCC-CM2 models in representing the spatial distribution of extreme events of temperature and precipitation, under the historical period, comparing model results to observations (ERA5 Reanalysis and CHIRPS observations). For a more detailed evaluation we investigate both 6 hourly and daily time series for the definition of the extreme conditions. In terms of mean climate, the two models are able to realistically reproduce the main patterns of temperature and precipitation. The very-high resolution version (¼ degree horizontal resolution) of the atmospheric model provides better results than the high resolution one (one degree), not only in terms of means but also in terms of extreme events of temperature defined at daily and 6-hourly frequency. This is also the case of average precipitation. On the other hand the extreme precipitation is not improved by the adoption of a higher horizontal resolution.
The Utah Population Database. The Legacy of Four Decades of Demographic Research
Authors: Smith Ken. R. , Mineau Geraldine P.
Published: September 2021

This paper summarizes the unique characteristics of the Utah Population Database (UPDB) and how it has catalyzed demographic, social and medical research since the mid-1970s. The UPDB is one of the world’s richest sources of linked population-based information for demographic, genetic, and epidemiological studies at the Individual-level. UPDB has supported hundreds of demographic and biomedical investigations, with heavy emphasis on families, in large part because of its size, representativeness, inclusion of multi-generational pedigrees, and linkages to numerous data sources. The UPDB contains data on over 11 million individuals from the late 18th century to the present. UPDB data represent Utah’s population that appear in administrative records and many of these data are updated due to longstanding efforts to add records as they become available including statewide birth and death certificates, hospitalizations, ambulatory surgeries, and driver licenses. The depth of information within UPDB has been used to support a wide range of family, medical and historical demographic studies which are described here arranged into four broad categories: fertility, mortality, life course analyses and some selected special topics. The paper concludes with a discussion of the future areas of innovation within the UPDB and the types of novel studies that they are likely to facilitate.
INDEPENDENT AUTHORS’ DEPENDENCE ON BIG TECH: CATEGORIZATION AND
GOVERNANCE OF AUTHORS OF COLOR ON AMAZON
Authors: Parnell Claire Louise
Published: September 2021

Digital book publishing platforms like Amazon Kindle Direct
Publishing (KDP are often lauded for enabling independent authors unconnected to established
publishers to enter the book industry. Despite the appellation, independent authors are not
completely autonomous. Book publishing on digital platforms is intensely mediated by the
technology companies on which authors rely to publish and disseminate their work. This paper
explores the ways in which Amazon KDP undermines the independence of Black authors through
its categorization and content moderation systems. The critical framework for this research
combines media and platform studies with publishing studies through the application of an
ecology model that analyses the technological, economic and socio-cultural contexts in which
books and authors circulate online. (van Dijck, 2013). This paper uses a mixed-methods
approach consisting of interviews with authors of color and website analysis that collected
metadata from Amazon’s Web API. This paper argues that Amazon perpetuates the discrimination
Black authors face within the traditional publishing industry through its technological
systems. Amazon’s categorisation system uses profile data that has a tendency to sort books
by Black authors into categories defined by race regardless of the categories chosen by
independent authors. The visibility of books is also impacted by outcomes of Amazon’s
content moderation system, Rekognition, which has been proven to be substantially less
accurate in accurately identifying darker-skinned individuals (Buolamwini & Gebru,
2018). Amazon acts as a powerful intermediary in the governance and organisation of content
in its marketplace due to the increased datafication of books in this sphere.
AOIR ETHICS PANEL 2: PLATFORM CHALLENGES
Authors: Gliniecka Martyna , Reagle Joseph , Proferes Nicholas , Fiesler Casey , Gilbert Sarah , Jones Naiyan , Zimmer Michael , Xia Huichuan , Sehat Connie Moon , Prabhakar Tarunima , Kaminski Aleksei
Published: September 2021

This panel is one of two sessions organized by the AoIR Ethics Working Committee. It collects five papers exploring a broad (but in many ways common) set of ethical dilemmas faced by researchers engaged with specific platforms such as Reddit, Amazon’s Mechanical Turk, and private messaging platforms. These include: a study of people's online conversations about health matters on Reddit in support of a proposed situated ethics framework for researchers working with publicly available data; an exploration into sourcing practices among Reddit researchers to determine if their sources could be unmasked and located in Reddit archives; a broader systematic review of over 700 research studies that used Reddit data to assess the kinds of analysis and methods researchers are engaging in as well as any ethical considerations that emerge when researching Reddit; a critical examination of the use of Amazon’s Mechanical Turk for academic research; and an investigation into current practices and ethical dilemmas faced when researching closed messaging applications and their users. Taken together, these papers illuminate emerging ethical dilemmas facing researchers when investigating novel platforms and user communities; challenges often not fully addressed–if even contemplated–in existing ethical guidelines. These papers are among those under consideration for publication in a special issue of the Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society associated with the AoIR Ethics Working Committee and AoIR2021.
COMMERCIAL AND RESEARCH CLUSTERING OF AUGMENTED REALITY: DISCOURSES AND DIVIDES BETWEEN AR APPS AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: Heemsbergen Luke , Cadman Same
Published: September 2021

Although the majority of Augmented Reality (AR) scholarship is based in Computer Science disciplines, it is nevertheless important to consider emergent trends in AR discourses as research and development shifts from technology labs to media markets. While technical understandings of AR are necessary, they are insufficient to understand how networked spatial computing is augmenting everyday life. In response, this paper maps and compares two specific AR discourses for nodes of power and authority. First, it systematically reviews how AR research citations are shifting from science and technical foci to applied uses of AR via a systematic scientometric review. That work allows, among other insights, consideration of the extent disciplinary boundaries shaped how AR is understood and innovated. Second is contrasting these evolving patterns with current consumer exposure to AR via a critical technocultural discourse analysis (CTDA) of the presentation of phone-based AR apps available on the iOS App Store and Google Play. Comparative discussion of these inquiries adds to understandings of how AR is conceptualised in research and commercial discourses, and how these data might inform future research and practice in the socialisation of AR systems, media, and experience.
ACCOMMODATING COMMUNICATION WITH CONVERSATIONAL AGENTS: EXAMINING THE
PERCEPTIONS AND BEHAVIORS OF OLDER ADULTS WHEN USING VOICE ASSISTANT TECHNOLOGY
Authors: O'Connell Carrie , Quinn Kelly , Marquez David , Chin Jessie , Muramatsu Naoko , Leiser Sarah , Gradishar Jamie , Desai Smit
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the communicative
relationship between older adults and conversational agents (CA), such as a Google Home
Mini, to understand if and how interaction with AI-based voice technology affects
perceptions, technological adoption, and, ultimately, human-machine communicative behaviors.
Using the Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) framework (Gallois & Giles, 2015),
and the categorical schema as outlined in the Unified Theory of Adoption and Utilization of
Technology (UTAUT) model (Venkatesh et al., 2003) of technology acceptance, we qualitatively
assess the relationship between expectations for use and ongoing / post-interaction user
attitudes. CAT focuses on the adjustments we make in our perceptions of and engagement in
communicative behaviors. In other words, we enter into communicative situations with
intentions and motivations derived from antecedent socio-historical context in mind. This
squares with what the UTAUT model details as influencers of technological adoption and use:
performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions
(Venkatesh et al., 2003). We use these constructs as a coding guideline to index data
scraped from the Mini, and collected from surveys, interview transcripts, user journals, and
field notes throughout a 10-week study. Historically, CAT is applied to human-human
communication exchanges. As the theory posits that interpersonal relationships can and will
influence motivations or intentions for dyadic communication, this makes sense. However, we
argue that as AI-based voice technologies become more sophisticated as voice assistants
enter our intimate spaces, the application of CAT to the human-machine communicative
relationship is warranted.
THE SHAPE OF PLATFORM STUDIES: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL METHODOLOGICAL MODEL
FOR A VICISSITUDINOUS CONCEPT
Authors: Rambukkana Nathan , De Verteuil Gemma
Published: September 2021

The study of platforms is on the rise in communication studies,
science and technology studies (STS), game studies, internet studies, and the study of
human-machine communication (HMC). While originally platform studies emerged from hardware
studies as an integrated attempt to study the hardware, software, code, marketing, and use
of computational technologies—especially, early on, videogame consoles, but never limited to
them—its use has been broadened to include the study of software platforms, such as social
media sites, and their user affordances, algorithmic decision making, terms of service,
background code environments, and embeddedness in neoliberal capitalism: selling user data,
acting as advertising mediums, etc. While a fruitful field with much work developed, there
is a noticeable dearth of methodological theorising on the topic, even as there are numerous
theoretical explorations. How exactly does one $2 platform studies? We propose a
multidimensional approach to platform studies, in which work may be located along at least
three major axes: computational—sociotechnical, pragmatic—critical, and
interpersonal—structural. These three dimensions of platform studies are combinable,
provisional, and subject to extension. While the three dimensions offered up for discussion
here cannot speak to the entirely of what platform studies $2 or $2 , together and as a
starting point these initial three define the shape of platform studies, track the work it
has already done, and offer a solid framework and model for future
investigations.
CROSS-CULTURAL STORYTELLING APPROACHES IN TIKTOK'S MUSIC
CHALLENGES
Authors: Vizcaíno-Verdú Arantxa , Abidin Crystal
Published: September 2021

TikTok has created new strategies that has impacted the music
industry through visual effects, stickers, filters, augmented reality, split screens, and
transitions in videos no longer than 60 seconds. TikTok posts presents a mode of
interdependence where users demonstrate the cultural value of music through challenge and
audio memes. This study focuses on a popular social trend on TikTok known as ‘music
challenges’. We focused on the significance and cultural meaning of music challenge memes
through five key elements – image, audio, text, story, culture – to understand what
comprises a ‘challenge’ on TikTok, how storytelling constitutes music challenges, and what
cross-cultural in-group affiliations are identified in this trend. For this purpose, we
developed a ‘TikTok music storytelling codebook’ informed by grounded theory, and selected
150 music challenge meme posts via manual scraping the ‘#MusicChallenge’ hashtag on TikTok
1–3 April 2021. Through a pilot analysis, we identified new modes of storytelling through
audio memes related to nostalgia, fandom and humour. Beyond “put a finger down” challenges
and “I know the song/I don’t know the song” lists, we found a broader significance in
telling stories grounded across cultures: sharing a childhood memory, relating to a
lifestyle type, and fanning after a musical genre. We noted a musical-peer group belonging
trend that brings out a mixture of urban tribes and experiences via creative song-mixing
that lasts seconds. To sum up, we understand that TikTok music challenges emerge as a
vehicle for interdependent groups to showcase their in-group identities through playful
audio-visual creations.
CARING FOR OUR PEOPLE: INDIGENOUS RESPONSES TO COVID-19 ERA INFORMATIC COLONIALISM
Authors: Duarte Marisa Elena , George Alaina , Deschine-Parkhurst Nicholet , Soto Alexander
Published: September 2021

Based on qualitative and quantitative analyses, activist work and HCI approaches, these papers show how organizations formed partnerships to curate information resources, and deploy community Wi-Fi and Internet infrastructure across southwest US Indigenous communities during the most challenging months of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. For Native Americans this means ideating while navigating colonial inequality. Through an investigation of sociotechnical interdependencies across a broadband network cooperative, tribes, and university labs, an HCI team reflects on how relational stability sustains fragile Internet ecologies stretched to capacity by the needs of users deeply affected by COVID-19 in New Mexico and Arizona. Through an autoethnography of community-centered digital solutions for Navajo Nation, a member of the Nation considers how the role of K’é informs a system of infrastructural care in a nation struggling with high rates of infection and systemic lack of adequate infrastructure. Through an advocacy-oriented analysis of social media content, a Diné and Lakota social media scholar discerns the relationship between community enforcement of social distancing, the loss of interpersonal interaction, mutual aid, and the impact of public health memes for the Navajo Nation. Through radical librarianship practices, a Tohono O’odham librarian and artist counteracts the values of ‘information neutrality’ shaping whiteness-centering American librarianship by generating a community-curated solution to actionable information about COVID-19 for Indigenous communities. This panel models decolonial liberation rooted in responsiveness across mediated layers of Indigenous belonging. The authors express Indigenous interpretations of collective autonomy vis-a-vis strategic Internet assemblages, and particularly, how an Indigenous ethics of care intersects with the dream of an Internet for social good.
GÖRSEL SPOR MEDYASINDA ÇALIŞAN KADINLARIN UĞRADIKLARI SİBER ZORBALIK HAKKINDA GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: AKTAŞ ÜSTÜN Neslişah , EKİN Mustafa
Published: September 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada görsel spor medyasında çalışan kadınların uğradıkları siber zorbalık ve bu zorbalığı engellemek için ne yapılması gerektiği hakkında görüşleri alınmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışma nitel araştırma tekniklerinden fenomonoloji araştırması şeklinde desenlenmiştir. Çalışmada veriler açık uçlu anket formu ile toplanmıştır. Tasarlanan formlar Google Formlar aracılığıyla çevrimiçi hale getirilmiş ve ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen, çeşitli sosyal medya platformlarında 10.000 ve üzeri takipçi sayısına sahip görsel spor medyasında çalışan kadın iş görenlere gönderilmiştir. Oluşturulan çevrimiçi forma onam vererek dolduran 6 görsel spor medyası çalışanı kadın ise çalışmanın katılımcılarını oluşturmaktadır. Oluşturulan formda katılımcılara kariyerleri boyunca maruz kaldıkları siber zorbalığa ve siber zorbalığın önlenmesi için gerekenlere dair toplam iki açık uçlu soru sorulmuştur. Ortaya çıkan temel görüşler içerik analizine tabii tutulmuş, kod, kategori ve temalara ayrılmıştır.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak görsel spor medyasında çalışan kadınların uğradıkları siber zorbalığın psikolojik temelli ve cinsiyet temelli olmak üzere iki kategori altında toplandığı ve siber zorbalığın önlenmesinde hukuksal önlemlere ihtiyaç duyulduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Spor, basın, medya, görsel medya, siber zorbalık
Knowledge and Anxiety Level on Labour Process among Primigravida Mothers in a Selected Hospital, Kamrup (M), Guwahati, Assam: A Descriptive Study
Authors: . Lalchungnungi , Nongkynrih Rikynti
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Many Indian women are unaware about the changes that occur in their body during pregnancy and labour, as a result many mothers suffer physiologically and psychologically, hence education is needed for mother especially to primigravida mothers.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study is to assess the level of knowledge and level of anxiety on labour process among primigravida mothers who are attending antenatal OPD at a selected hospital.
Methods and materials: A descriptive survey research design was used and purposive sampling technique was used for obtaining sample for the study. Study was undertaken on 100 sample primigravida mothers at Maternity and Child welfare Hospital of Guwahati, Assam.
Results: The finding shows that majority i.e. 53% had inadequate knowledge, 44% had moderately adequate knowledge and only three (3%) had adequate knowledge on labour process ,majority of the respondents i.e 58% had moderate anxiety and 42% had severe anxiety.There was association between the knowledge level and selected demographic variables such as age ,education, trimester of pregnancy and any prenatal counselling given. Also with anxiety and selected demographic variables such as education, occupation and any types of prenatal counseling attend. There was moderate negative correlation (-0.310) between knowledge and anxiety scores on labour process among primi gravida mothers.
Conclusion: This study shows that primigravida mothers had lack of knowledge and moderate anxiety on labour process. Therefore health personnel need to conduct the education programmes to improve the level of understanding as to reduce the level of anxiety on labour process.

Key words: Primigravida, labour process, anxiety, delivery, childbirth, pregnancy.
Prevalence of Different Types of Barriers to the Use of Glucometer in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Pradha Abhishek , Reji Charutha , Shabaraya A. R.
Published: September 2021

Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is a very useful method for patients with diabetes to maintain glycaemic control. Different types of barriers in glucometer use of diabetic patients include the high cost of strips, pain, lack of knowledge and motivation, need of assistance and lack of inventory supplies of glucometer. The purpose of the study was to access the prevalence of different types of barriers to the use of glucometer in diabetic patients. A prospective observational study involving 150 diabetic patients was conducted at a Dakshina Kannada from January 2021 to June 2021. The study was conducted among patients of both gender having Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. A total of 150 patients participated in our study qualifying the inclusion criteria. The main factors influencing the glucometer use was related to its cost, pain, lack of knowledge and supply. The barriers found were mainly the cost of the strips, fear for needles, pain, lack of knowledge and motivation, need of assistance and lack of inventory supplies of glucometer. Participants insight to the purpose of glucometer use, complexity, cost, pain related to glucometer as well as educating, catering knowledge and motivation were the key factors taken care by the health care professionals while advising the patients having diabetes mellitus with SMBG.

Key words: Self-monitoring blood glucose level (SMBG), Diabetes mellitus (DM).
Lived Experiences of Emergency Department (ED) Nurses with Comorbidities amidst COVID-19 Pandemic at Candon City of Ilocos Sur: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Talosig Mariecris , Sanchez II Romeo , Soriano Gevin
Published: September 2021

Nurses may be regarded as modern-day superheroes, but realistically, they are humans too. They experience joy, gratitude, fear, and anxiety just like normal human beings. With this pandemic, nurses are exposed to psychological stress. Healthcare staff, specifically nurses, experience a plethora of psychological distress during the care of COVID-19 patients. Identifying factors that affect nurses' mental health during the care of these patients can be an advantage in mitigating the psychological burden that they are experiencing. [1] This study described the ER nurses' lived experiences about being in the frontline despite their comorbidities. The study applied a qualitative method using Husserlian phenomenology. The researchers adopted the purposive sampling approach in selecting the ten participants to achieved data saturation. The process involved in the collection of data was through individual interviews. The criteria of the selection of participants are: must be registered nurse, a nurse working at the emergency room of the four hospitals in Candon City, Ilocos Sur; with a minimum work experience of 6 months in the facility; between ages 40 to 60 years of age; regular employee; and with comorbidity.

Key words: lived-experiences, emergency room nurses, comorbidity, amid pandemic.
Is Periodontitis a Risk Predictor with Adverse Outcomes for Cardiovascular Diseases: Treat Gums, Save Heart
Authors: Nirola Ashutosh , Batra Priyanka , Singla Priyanka
Published: September 2021

Different clinical researches have been carried out to find the relationship between Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and Periodontitis. Even the findings and study types of these studies haven't been inconsistent, most of them indicated that the periodontitis may be associated with an increased risk of Cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this review article is to find the strength of the association between CVD and periodontitis. The current evidence supports the significant presence of association between CVD and periodontitis. Also it's seen that CVD patients had worse periodontal and oral hygiene status and fewer teeth than control subjects. Thus we need to conduct more high-quality and well-designed studies focusing on the specific/bidirectional relationship between CVD and periodontitis in the future.

Key words: Periodontitis, Cardiovascular diseases, Risk factor, Mechanism and Association.
Relaciones y violencias entre adolescentes de secundaria
Authors: Mejía Hernández Juana María Guadalupe
Published: September 2021

Estudios serios sobre el tema, como las encuestas del Instituto Nacional para la Evaluación de la Educación, muestran que las cifras de la violencia entre pares en las escuelas están lejos de las escandalosamente publicadas en los periódicos. No todo maltrato entre pares es bullying. Para que una agresión sea calificada en términos estrictos con ese concepto, debe existir un desbalance de poder (un agresor más fuerte que la víctima) y que la agresión sea repetitiva por un periodo de tiempo. En este contexto, la investigación que se presenta en este libro constituye un aporte necesario. El panorama de las violencias observadas durante un año en cuatro escuelas secundarias es diferente al que se dibuja en la discusión pública dominante; se muestra cómo las violencias entre pares nacen de la forma de relacionarse entre los adolescentes (prácticas relacionales) y que las violencias excesivas suelen ser controladas por ellos mismos.
LAPAROSCOPIC TRANSPERITONEAL URETEROURETEROSTOMY COMBINED WITH RETROGRADE FLEXIBLE URETEROSCOPY ASSISTANCE FOR URETERAL STRICTURE- CASE SERIES OF SEVEN PATIENTS
Authors:   Department of Urology, St. Marina University Hospital, Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria., Anakievski Deyan
Published: September 2021

Most strictures of the ureters are detected and usually occur in the part of the ureter when the calculus has been trapped for a long time, after ESWL or as a complication of transureteral lithotripsy after the introduction of the holmium laser. The treatment of these strictures variesand depends on many parameters, the most important being the type of stricture, severity, length and location. In many cases, endoscopic treatment with stenting is the first choice of treatment performed retro or antegrade. In case of failure or contraindication for endoscopic treatment, ureteral reconstruction can be performed by open, laparoscopic or robotic techniques. Laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy is a preferred minimally invasive technique for the treatment of benign ureteral strictures.