bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of Binary Solvents on Chiral Stationary Phases with Grafted Macrocyclic Antibiotics
Authors: Klimova Ya. A. , Asnin L. D.
Published: November 2021

A study is performed of the adsorption of water–methanol and water–acetonitrile mixtures on chiral stationary phases (CSPs) Chirobiotic R, Chirobiotic T, and Nautilus-E with grafted macrocyclic antibiotics ristocetin A, teicoplanin, and eremomycin, respectively. The patterns of adsorption on the indicated CSPs are qualitatively the same, and differ only by quantitative indicators. Adsorption isotherms of excess water from binary solvents have adsorption azeotrope points and show the preferred absorption of water in the range of pure organic component to an azeotrope point in the range of 60–75 mol % for H2О–МеОН and 80–90 mol % for H2O–MeCN systems. It is shown that the thickness of the adsorption phase in the first case is less than one nominal molecular layer (0.10–0.13 nm). For H2O–MeCN, it is 3–4 molecular layers (0.88–1.05 nm). Activity coefficients are calculated for the components of solutions in surface layers. The coefficients indicate the systems deviate considerably from the properties of an ideal adsorption solution. Reasons for this behavior are discussed.
Internal erosion of gravelly mudstone due to drying–wetting and hydraulic pressure cycles in oedometer test
Authors: Nihaaj N.M. Mohamed , Kiyota Takashi , Chua Matthew Gapuz
Published: November 2021

Disintegrated mudstone due to slaking, subjected to hydraulic pressure, could lead to internal erosion. To examine the combined effects of slaking and internal erosion on gravelly mudstone in one dimensional deformation under a constant vertical load, a series of modified oedometer tests and laboratory penetration tests were conducted with drying–wetting and hydraulic pressure cycles. Some loading conditions showed severe erosion along the drying–wetting cycle. Susceptibility to internal erosion was evaluated in terms of nonfilter and filter factor coefficients.
Exchangeability and Non-Conjugacy of Braid Representatives
Authors: Stoimenow Alexander
Published: October 2021

We obtain some fairly general conditions on the linking numbers and geometric properties of a link, under which it has infinitely many conjugacy classes of [Formula: see text]-braid representatives if and only if it has one admitting an exchange move. We investigate a symmetry pattern of indices of conjugate iterated exchanged braids. We then develop a test based on the Burau matrix showing examples of knots admitting no minimal exchangeable braids, admitting non-minimal non-exchangeable braids, and admitting both minimal exchangeable and minimal non-exchangeable braids. This in particular proves that conjugacy, exchange moves and destabilization do not suffice to simplify braid representatives of a general link.
Relationship between Plasma Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Concentrations and Apolipoprotein in Stable Coronary Artery Disease Patients
Authors: Ling Yang , Tang Shengxing , Cao Yuhan , Fu Cong
Published: October 2021

Background. Increasing evidence states that the plasma lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) levels and apolipoprotein particles are regarded as the risk maker for cardiovascular heart disease. Nevertheless, the issue about whether Lp-PLA2 is associated with apolipoprotein particles in individuals who have been diagnosed as stable coronary artery disease (CAD) remains largely unexplored. Method. All 569 participants engaged in this research, who never took lipid-lowering drugs, had been divided into groups by the coronary angiography (CAG), namely, stable CAD: n=291; non-CAD: n=278. The results concerning Lp-PLA2 levels were calculated by Elisa Kit, while apolipoprotein particles were measured by the department of laboratory. Results. The plasma concentration of Lp-PLA2 was remarkably higher in stable CAD group than the non-CAD group (136.0±60.5 ng/mL vs. 113.2±65.6 ng/mL, P<0.001). Pearson correlation analyses explained the plasma Lp-PLA2 concentration was correlated with apoB (r=0.390, P<0.001) and apoB/apoA1 (r=0.450, P<0.001), not associated with apoA1 (r=−0.099, P=0.101). Conversely, the association remains unobserved among non-CAD patients except apoA1. Moreover, multiple linear regression revealed the relations between Lp-PLA2 concentrations and apoB (β=0.390, P<0.001), as well as apoB/apoA1 (β=0.450, P<0.001), but not apoA1 (β=−0.099, P=0.121). After adjustment for several risk factors regarding CAD, like hypertension, gender, smoking, age, and diabetes mellitus, there had still been positive associations between the Lp-PLA2 concentration and apoB (β=0.364, P<0.001), as well as apoB/apoA1 (β=0.390, P<0.001). Conclusion. The plasma levels of Lp-PLA2 provide positively a key link with apoB, apoB/apoA-1 among stable CAD, denoting the communication between Lp-PLA2 and apolipoprotein particles in the state of CAD.
Thermochemical Recycling of Oily Sludge by Catalytic Pyrolysis: A Review
Authors: Di Xiaojing , Pan Haodan , Li Donghao , Hu Hongxiang , Hu Zhiyong , Yan Yulin
Published: October 2021

The main methods of treating oily sludge at home and abroad and the current research status of oily sludge pyrolysis technology are briefly described, and four commonly used catalysts are introduced: metals, metal compounds, molecular sieves, metal-supported molecular sieves, and biomass catalysts for oily sludge. The influence of pyrolysis, the pyrolysis mechanism, and the product composition of oily sludge with the addition of different catalysts are also discussed. Finally, the development direction of preparing new catalysts and the mixed use of multiple catalysts is proposed as a theory to provide for the efficient and reasonable utilization of oily sludge.
Second Primary Malignancies in Patients with Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Population-Based Study on Occurrence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis
Authors: Hu Tulan , Wang Wei , He Chiyi
Published: October 2021

Background. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of developing second primary malignancies (SPMs) among patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) and the prognosis of pNENs patients with SPMs (pSPMs) using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Methods. Data from patients diagnosed with pNENs between 1988 and 2016 were extracted. A case-control study was conducted to investigate the risk factors of developing SPMs among patients with pNENs. Meanwhile, cox regression analysis was also conducted to obtain the independent prognostic factors in pSPMs. Results. Of 7,630 patients with pNENs, 326 developed SPMs. Patients with pNENs who had not undergone surgery and had been diagnosed in recent periods had a higher risk of developing SPMs. The following independent prognostic predictors for pSPMs were identified: age, latency period, SEER stage, radiotherapy, and surgery. Conclusions. These findings may improve the surveillance of risk factors for developing SPMs in patients with pNENs and the prognostic risk factors in pSPMs.
CT Image Features under Reconstruction Algorithm in Analysis of the Effect of Probiotics Combined with Ursodeoxycholic Acid in Treatment of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy
Authors: Liu Hongxue , Wang Haidong , Zhang Muling
Published: October 2021

This research was to explore the adoption value of computed tomography (CT) images based on adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) algorithm in the evaluation of probiotics combined with ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). A total of 82 patients with ICP were selected as the research subjects and they were randomly rolled into experimental group (380 mg probiotics enteric-soluble capsule twice a day, combined with 90 mg ursodeoxycholic acid soft capsule three times a day) and control group (90 mg ursodeoxycholic acid soft capsule three times a day), with 41 cases in each. The treatment course was four months. The ASIR algorithm was constructed and applied to the CT image analysis and diagnosis of ICP patients. The effects of filtering back projection (FBP) reconstruction and ASIR algorithm on CT image quality, denoising degree, and artifacts of ICP patients were compared. Moreover, blood indicator levels of ICP patients before and after treatment were assessed. The results showed that the SD values of liver and gallbladder (20.77 Hu and 27.58 Hu) in the reconstructed image of the ASIR algorithm were significantly lower than those of the FBP algorithm (40.58 Hu and 45.63 Hu) (

P
<
0.05

). The SNR values of the liver and gallbladder (3.68 and 2.05) of the reconstructed image were significantly higher than those of the FBP algorithm (1.91 and 1.19) (

P
<
0.05

). The overall image quality after ASIR reconstruction (3.92 points) was significantly better than that of the FBP algorithm (2.36 points), and the image noise score (3.21 points) reconstructed by the FBP algorithm was higher than that by the ASIR algorithm (1.83 points). The artifact score of FBP reconstructed image (4.47 points) was greatly higher than that of ASIR algorithm (2.26 points) (

P
<
0.05

). Before treatment, there was no remarkable difference in the indexes between the two groups of patients (

P
>
0.05

). After treatment, the γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels (327.55 U/L and 778.15 μmol/L) of the experimental group of ICP patients were higher than those of the control group (248.63 U/L and 668.43 μmol/L), with substantial difference between the two groups (

P
<
0.05

). The blood ammonia (BA) level (151.09 μmol/L) of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (178.46 μmol/L), and the difference between the two groups was remarkable (

P
<
0.05

). To sum up, the CT image denoising degree based on ASIR algorithm was high, with few artifacts and good overall quality. Probiotics combined with ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of ICP can effectively improve the liver function and intestinal flora of patients, which was of great significance in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Wavelet Analysis-Based Texture Analysis of Ceramic Surface Images
Authors: Liu Yanbing , Zhou Bei , Yang Xinghua
Published: October 2021

This paper is conducted to explore a new characterization method as a supplement to the traditional roughness characterization. The main research includes the extraction and evaluation of damage features of ceramic surface morphology by applying wavelet methods, the extraction of damage features in surface contours by using wavelet analysis, and the quantitative evaluation of damage degree by using damage rate and damage mean spacing. By comparing various fractal dimension calculation methods, a fractal dimension method suitable for calculating the ceramic surface was selected, and the fractal method was used to describe the ceramic surface topography as a whole. By comparing different methods of calculating the fractal dimension and further verifying them with the measured three-dimensional morphology, it is found that the vibrational method is more suitable for calculating the fractal dimension of ceramic surface, and its calculation accuracy is investigated, and the results show that the method is a reliable one. Based on the fractal theory, a mathematical model of surface wear and surface sealing was established. Further study of the model shows that the surface with a large fractal dimension has a good sealing effect; the surface corresponding to the best fractal dimension is the most resistant to wear. The fractal method can characterize the complexity of the surface profile as a whole. The wavelet method can describe the ceramic surface profile from a local perspective, and the combination of the two methods can characterize the ceramic surface well. Finally, the experimental device of the ceramic surface defect detection system is constructed, and the joint debugging of hardware and software is completed. Under different light source intensities, ceramic image samples are collected, and the accuracy detection experiments of sample defective edges are conducted, and the results show that the light source has a small impact on the accuracy of ceramic defective edge detection. The results show that the light source has more influence on the accuracy of scratch detection. The results show that the system constructed in this thesis has good applicability for different ceramic sample detection.
Nonunique Fixed Point Results via Kannan
F
-Contraction on Quasi-Partial
b
-Metric Space
Authors: Gautam Pragati , Kumar Santosh , Verma Swapnil , Gupta Gauri
Published: November 2021

This paper is aimed at acquainting with a new Kannan

F

-expanding type mapping by the approach of Wardowski in the complete metric space. We establish some fixed point results for Kannan

F

-expanding type mapping and

F

-contractive type mappings which satisfy

F

-contraction conditions. Additionally, some new results are given which generalize several results present in the literature. Moreover, some applications and examples are provided to show the practicality of our results.
Experimental Imaging Study of Encephalomalacia Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) Hyperintense Lesions in Posttraumatic Epilepsy
Authors: Wang Dan , Shang Kai , Sun Zheng , Li Yue-Hua
Published: October 2021

This study introduced new MRI techniques such as neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI); NODDI applies a three-compartment tissue model to multishell DWI data that allows the examination of both the intra- and extracellular properties of white matter tissue. This, in turn, enables us to distinguish the two key aspects of axonal pathology—the packing density of axons in the white matter and the spatial organization of axons (orientation dispersion (OD)). NODDI is used to detect possible abnormalities of posttraumatic encephalomalacia fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintense lesions in neurite density and dispersion. Methods. 26 epilepsy patients associated with FLAIR hyperintensity around the trauma encephalomalacia region were in the epilepsy group. 18 posttraumatic patients with a FLAIR hyperintense encephalomalacia region were in the nonepilepsy group. Neurite density and dispersion affection in FLAIR hyperintense lesions around encephalomalacia were measured by NODDI using intracellular volume fraction (ICVF), and we compare these findings with conventional diffusion MRI parameters, namely, fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Differences were compared between the epilepsy and nonepilepsy groups, as well as in the FLAIR hyperintense part and in the FLAIR hypointense part to try to find neurite density and dispersion differences in these parts. Results. ICVF of FLAIR hyperintense lesions in the epilepsy group was significantly higher than that in the nonepilepsy group (

P
<
0.001

). ICVF reveals more information of FLAIR(+) and FLAIR(-) parts of encephalomalacia than OD and FA and ADC. Conclusion. The FLAIR hyperintense part around encephalomalacia in the epilepsy group showed higher ICVF, indicating that this part may have more neurite density and dispersion and may be contributing to epilepsy. NODDI indicated high neurite density with the intensity of myelin in the FLAIR hyperintense lesion. Therefore, NODDI likely shows that neurite density may be a more sensitive marker of pathology than FA.
Targeting PINK1 Using Natural Products for the Treatment of Human Diseases
Authors: Li Yan-Qin , Zhang Fan , Yu Li-Ping , Mu Jian-Kang , Yang Ya-Qin , Yu Jie , Yang Xing-Xin
Published: October 2021

PINK1, also known as PARK6, is a PTEN‐induced putative kinase 1 that is encoded by nuclear genes. PINK1 is ubiquitously expressed and regulates mitochondrial function and mitophagy in a range of cell types. The dysregulation of PINK1 is associated with the pathogenesis and development of mitochondrial‐associated disorders. Many natural products could regulate PINK1 to relieve PINK1‐associated diseases. Here, we review the structure and function of PINK1, its relationship to human diseases, and the regulation of natural products to PINK1. We further highlight that the discovery of natural PINK1 regulators represents an attractive strategy for the treatment of PINK1‐related diseases, including liver and heart diseases, cancer, and Parkinson’s disease. Moreover, investigating PINK1 regulation of natural products can enhance the in‐depth comprehension of the mechanism of action of natural products.
Reconstruction of Foot and Ankle Defects Using Free Lateral Arm Flap: A Retrospective Review of Its Versatile Application
Authors: Kim Jong-Ho , Yoon Taekeun , Park Joseph Kyu-hyung , Eun Seokchan
Published: October 2021

Background. Successful reconstruction of the feet and ankles remains challenging due to limited quantities of soft tissue and laxity. The free lateral arm flap (LAF) is an alternative to conventional flaps and has been widely used due to advancements in its flap characteristics. This study is aimed at utilizing the advantages of this flap to validate its increased applications for foot and ankle defects. Methods. Twenty patients with various LAF types between May 2011 and May 2020 were enrolled. Clinical data was retrospectively collected, and defect sites were classified according to the subunit principle. We utilized various LAF types, such as LAFs with sensate, extended, osteomyocutaneous, or myocutaneous flaps, as necessary. A two‐point discrimination test was performed, and results were statistically compared between flaps. Results. Among the diverse etiologies of skin defects, chronic inflammation was the most common cause of defects. Various LAF types, including LAFs with fasciocutaneous, extended fasciocutaneous, musculocutaneous, and osteomyocutaneous flaps, were used. The versatility of free LAF helped successfully cover various defects in all cases. Results of the two‐point discrimination test were statistically significant between groups. Conclusions. Free LAF is a unique soft tissue free flap that is more versatile than other flaps, allowing flaps to be continuously modified and applied to various foot and ankle defects under different clinical conditions.
The Pattern of Use, Effectiveness, and Safety of Gadoteric Acid (Clariscan) in Patients Undergoing Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Study
Authors: Moon Won-Jin , Cho Young Ah , Hahn Seok , Son Hye Min , Woo Sung Koo , Lee Young Han
Published: October 2021

Objective. Contrast-enhanced MR (CE-MR) imaging is often required to improve lesion detection and characterization and to increase diagnostic confidence. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness, as well as the use pattern, of the macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent Clariscan in real-world clinical practice in Korea. Materials and Methods. This was a prospective, multicenter, observational study of patients undergoing CE-MR as part of routine clinical care at 6 university hospitals in Korea. Effectiveness was evaluated by determining diagnostic confidence and image quality; safety evaluation included the adverse event (AE) expression rate. Subgroup analyses were conducted by body regions of diagnosis (musculoskeletal, nervous system, others) and in pediatric patients (aged ≤7 years). Results. From October 2019 to September 2020, 1,376 subjects were included in the study. The mean volume of Clariscan used was 0.26 mL/kg (0.13 mmol/kg). In the overall study population and in each subgroup, diagnostic confidence increased after contrast enhancement with Clariscan. Overall, image quality was excellent in 72.5% of subjects and good-to-adequate in 27.2%. Clariscan was well tolerated (14 AEs occurred in 10 subjects); all AEs were of mild severity. Subgroup analyses showed that the mean dose of Clariscan used was ≥0.1 mmol/kg for nervous system-related diagnoses (e.g., brain) and ≤0.1 mmol/kg for musculoskeletal and pediatric-related diagnoses. All musculoskeletal and pediatric examinations were provided with a smaller package of 5 mL Clariscan. By body region of MR examination, the most common region was the nervous system in 69.0%, musculoskeletal system in 13.6%, and reproductive system in 4.9%. Conclusions. This study confirmed the use pattern of Clariscan and its excellent effectiveness and safety in the real-world clinical environment in Korea. The small-dose package indicated the possibility of increasing the convenience and efficiency of drug use.
A Method of Recommending Physical Education Network Course Resources Based on Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Wei Fu
Published: October 2021

Aiming at the problem of difficult selection of physical education online course resources, a method of recommending online course resources based on machine learning algorithms is proposed. The information recommendation model is established through the expression of a collaborative filtering algorithm and resource feedback matrix. According to the feedback score of any user on the same data resource in the project set, the interest matching degree is established by comparative analysis, and the matching degree is substituted into the cosine similarity function to calculate the similarity threshold between each item and so on, calculate the similarity threshold number of all items, select the project resource that best matches the user according to the threshold number, and complete the recommendation. The experimental results show that the recommended method of physical education network curriculum resources based on machine learning algorithm is relatively excellent in recommendation accuracy and efficiency; this method can realize the innovation of higher physical education network curriculum teaching mode.
A Three-Dimensional Model of Turbulent Core Annular Flow Regime
Authors: Nouri Saliha , Hafsia Zouhaier , Boulaaras Salah Mahmoud , Allahem Ali , Alkhalaf Salem , Feng Baowei
Published: October 2021

In this study, three-dimensional (3D) turbulent core annular flow (CAF) regime is investigated numerically. The proposed model is based on the 3D Reynolds average Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations combined with a pure convective transport equation of the volume of fluid (VOF) to predict the interface between the oil and water phases. The k-ω turbulence model is adopted to better reproduce the oil and water flow characteristics. The two-phase (CAF) regime can be predicted by two inlet configurations: the T-junction (3D-T) and the straight pipe (3D-S). These two configurations are simulated and compared for pipe diameter

D
=
0.026
 
 m

and pipe length

L
=
4
 
 m

. For these two inlet configurations, the computed mixture velocity profile and the water volume fraction at a test section

z
=
100
 D

were compared to experimental measurements. The 3D-T configuration gives more appropriate results. The 3D-S slightly overestimates the maximum velocity at the test section and the lower and upper water layer of the (CAF) flow is shifted in the upward direction. For the 3D-T, the relative error in the pressure drop is 3.3%. However, for the 3D-S, this error is 13.0%.
Management of Cattle Dung and Novel Bioelectricity Generation Using Microbial Fuel Cells: An Ingenious Experimental Approach
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Brar Yadwinder Singh , Kaur Jaspreet , Gupta Akhil , Sharma Kamal Kant , Chohan Jasgurpreet Singh , Kumar Raman , Sharma Shubham , Chattopadhyaya Somnath , Dwivedi Shashi Prakash , Issakhov Alibek , Khalilpoor Nima
Published: October 2021

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are the rising modern equipment for the generation of bioelectricity from organic matters. In this study, MFCs in two formats are assembled and concurrently operated for a 30-day period in a batch mode manner. Natural biowaste cattle dung slurry with mediators is used as a substrate persistently for the enhancement of electron transfer rate and additionally for the augmentation of required electrical parameters. Under similar conditions, the MFC setups are experimented with a variety of anode-cathode material combinations, namely carbon-carbon, copper-carbon, and zinc-carbon. The performance of these MFCs during the testing period is evaluated independently and compared by plotting polarization data generated by them. It is revealed that maximum current and power densities are achieved from all these MFCs and the best attained values are 1858 mA/m2 and 1465 mW/m2, respectively, for the novel single-chamber zinc-carbon electrode MFC. The corresponding findings present that the MFC with zinc-carbon electrodes has the better power density than other MFCs. Being conductive and higher standard potential metal electrodes have improved the capability to act in place of carbon family electrodes for MFC-based power applications. Although the MFC power generation is low, but modifications in configurations, electrodes, microbe-rich biowaste, mediators, and power management may enhance the power output to a significant level for commercialization of this technology. The unique feature of this research is to explore the pertinent use of conductive metal electrodes to enhance the power generation capability of MFCs through biowaste as an alternative power source for small applications. The novelty of this research is presented through usage of conductive metal electrodes for the performance analysis of MFCs.
Design Methodology for Interfacing DERs to Power Systems through VSC
Authors: Valderrabano-Gonzalez A. , Beltran-Carbajal F. , Tapia-Olvera R. , Aguilar-Mejia O. , Rosas-Caro J. C.
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a methodology to connect distributed energy resources via an 84-pulse voltage source converter to three-phase system grid or load of standard or nonstandard voltage values. Transfer function blocks are included to illustrate interfacing among converters. The main input-output values to be considered in the application are detailed and the system can be modified to be included in other systems without loss of generality. The definition of the reactive component for supporting grid or load variations without degrading the overall performance is carried by for the DC-DC converter. A control variable for reducing the DC gain is used to improve the settling time. Our proposal defines the capacitive and inductive component values for an operating point and gives the option to reduce them when adding smoothed variations and adaptive controllers.
In Vitro Hair Growth Promoting Effect of a Noncrosslinked Hyaluronic Acid in Human Dermal Papilla Cells
Authors: Zerbinati Nicola , Sommatis Sabrina , Maccario Cristina , Capillo Maria C. , Di Francesco Serena , Rauso Raffaele , Protasoni Marina , D’Este Edoardo , Gasperina Daniela Dalla , Mocchi Roberto
Published: October 2021

Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are a source of nutrients and growth factors, which support the proliferation and growth of keratinocytes as well as promoting the induction of new hair follicles and maintenance of hair growth. The protection from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the promotion of angiogenesis are considered two of the basal mechanisms to preserve the growth of the hair follicle. In this study, a noncrosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) filler (HYDRO DELUXE BIO, Matex Lab S.p.A.) containing several amino acids was tested with in vitro assays on human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs). The experiments were carried out to investigate the possible protection against oxidative stress and the ability to increase the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release. The results demonstrated the restoration of cell viability against UVB‐induced cytotoxicity and an increase in the VEGF secretion. These data demonstrate the capability of the product to modulate human dermal papilla cells, suggesting a future use in mesotherapy, a minimally invasive local intradermal therapy (LIT), after further clinical investigations.
Phenylisoxazole-3/5-Carbaldehyde Isonicotinylhydrazone Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antitubercular Activity
Authors: Carrasco Fernando , Hernández Wilfredo , Chupayo Oscar , Sheen Patricia , Zimic Mirko , Coronel Jorge , Álvarez Celedonio M. , Ferrero Sergio , Oramas-Royo Sandra , Spodine Evgenia , Rodilla Jesus M. , Dávalos Juan Z.
Published: October 2021

Eight new phenylisoxazole isoniazid derivatives, 3-(2′-fluorophenyl)isoxazole-5-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (1), 3-(2′-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole-5-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (2), 3-(2′-chlorophenyl)isoxazole-5-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (3), 3-(3′-clorophenyl)isoxazole-5-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (4), 3-(4′-bromophenyl)isoxazole-5-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (5), 5-(4′-methoxiphenyl)isoxazole-3-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (6), 5-(4′-methylphenyl)isoxazole-3-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (7), and 5-(4′-clorophenyl)isoxazole-3-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (8), have been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectral data. The 2D NMR (1H-1H NOESY) analysis of 1 and 2 confirmed that these compounds in acetone-d6 are in the trans(E) isomeric form. This evidence is supported by computational calculations which were performed for compounds 1–8, using DFT/B3LYP level with the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The in vitro antituberculous activity of all the synthesized compounds was determined against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis standard strains: sensitive H37Rv (ATCC-27294) and resistant TB DM97. All the compounds exhibited moderate bioactivity (MIC = 0.34–0.41 μM) with respect to the isoniazid drug (MIC = 0.91 μM) against the H37Rv sensitive strain. Compounds 6 (X = 4′-OCH3) and 7 (X = 4′-CH3) with MIC values of 12.41 and 13.06 μM, respectively, were about two times more cytotoxic, compared with isoniazid, against the resistant strain TB DM97.
A Novel Video Transmission Optimization Mechanism Based on Reinforcement Learning and Edge Computing
Authors: Hu Nan , Cen Xuming , Luan Fangjun , Sun Liangliang , Wu Chengdong
Published: October 2021

As we know, the video transmission traffic already constitutes 60% of Internet downlink traffic. The optimization of video transmission efficiency has become an important challenge in the network. This paper designs a video transmission optimization strategy that takes reinforcement learning and edge computing (TORE) to improve the video transmission efficiency and quality of experience. Specifically, first, we design the popularity prediction model for video requests based on the RL (reinforcement learning) and introduce the adaptive video encoding method for optimizing the efficiency of computing resource distribution. Second, we design a video caching strategy, which adopts EC (edge computing) to reduce the redundant video transmission. Last, simulations are conducted, and the experimental results fully demonstrate the improvement of video quality and response time.
Research on the Structural Characteristics of Entertainment Industrial Correlation in China: Based on Dual Perspective of Input‐Output and Network Analysis
Authors: Xun Yang , Shi Wensheng , Liu Tianyu
Published: October 2021

Based on the dual perspective of input‐output and network analysis, this study takes typical industrial sectors of China’s entertainment industry as representatives. Through the input‐output analysis of industrial correlation characteristic indicators and construction of an industrial correlation network, we conduct a systematic and quantitative study on the entertainment industrial correlation characteristics and structural characteristics of the industrial correlation network in China. Furthermore, we clarify the role of the entertainment industry in China’s industrial development and its positioning in China’s whole industrial correlation network. We have the following key findings: China’s entertainment industry as a whole shows the characteristics of final demand‐oriented industries, whose rapid development plays a certain positive role in boosting consumption and driving economic growth. Within the whole industrial correlation network in China, there is frequent interaction between the entertainment industry and other industry sectors within the directly related network; it will especially exert obvious radiation and driving effect on the upstream industry. However, limited by the scale of the direct industrial correlation network, such influence is still difficult to achieve the common development of most industries in China.
Research and Control of Underground Pressure Law of Coal Mining Face in Soft Rock Strata Based on Neural Network under the Background of Wireless Network Communication
Authors: Rong Hehai , Cheng Tong
Published: October 2021

Our country has a vast territory and rich resources, but it is a country with more coal, less oil, and poor gas. With the increase of our population, the development of society, and the more severe international situation, coal has become more important for our country’s economic development and energy. Security plays an irreplaceable role. Based on the neural network, this paper studies and controls the underground pressure law of the coal mine’s soft rock heading face, aiming at the safe and efficient mining of the first face and providing an experience for the next face. This paper mainly uses BP neural network learning algorithm and support pressure algorithm to measure and study the ground pressure law of coal mine soft rock heading face and establishes the ground pressure online monitoring system, which is used to analyze and summarize the ground pressure abnormal area during the mining of the working face, so as to provide the basis for safe mining of the working face. Through the field measured data, the initial pressure step and periodic pressure step at the upper, middle, and lower parts of the working face, the average working resistance of the support at the working face during pressure, and the dynamic load coefficient of the support are obtained. It is analyzed that the support in the middle of the working face has a large load and the pressure is obvious. The experimental results show that the initial support force of the whole working face is approximately normally distributed, the proportion of the initial support force in the range of 10–30 MPa accounts for more than 85% of the total statistics, and the frequency of the initial support force in the upper, middle, and lower stations at 10–25 MPa is 55%–65%.
Effect of Sugar Beet Harvest Date on Its Technological Quality Parameters by Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Alami Lamiae , Terouzi Wafa , Otmani Manar , Abdelkhalek Oussama , Salmaoui Souad , Mbarki Mohamed
Published: October 2021

Choice of the harvest date is one of the foundations of vintage quality and good-yield sugar in sugar beet. However, it is difficult to define the harvest date and more precisely the date of maturity of beet roots, in an exact and absolute way. Indeed, maturity is divided into several stages and degrees depending on environmental and climatic conditions such as temperature, precipitation, geographic area, and others. The present study evoked the effect of three harvest dates (at esteemed maturity, 7 days after maturity, and 15 days after maturity) on the technological quality parameters, namely, sucrose, nitrogen, potassium, and sodium, using the most popular chemometric method, principal component analysis (PCA). To do this, samples from the Tadla irrigated perimeter were used. The results of exploratory analyses by the application of PCA clearly showed the influence of harvest date, in an important way, on the three quality parameters, composition of sucrose, potassium, and sodium. But, for nitrogen composition, there were negligible variations between samples.
A New Parametric Differential Operator of p-Valently Analytic Functions
Authors: Hadid Samir B. , Ibrahim Rabha W. , Murugusundaramoorthy G.
Published: October 2021

Newly, numerous investigations are considered utilizing the idea of parametric operators (integral and differential). The objective of this effort is to formulate a new 2D-parameter differential operator (PDO) of a class of multivalent functions in the open unit disk. Consequently, we formulate the suggested operator in some interesting classes of analytic functions to study its geometric properties. The recognized class contains some recent works.
Data-Driven Repeated-Feedback Adjustment Strategy for Smart Grid Pricing
Authors: He Bingjie , Dai Qiaorong , Zhou Aijuan , Xiao Jinxiu
Published: October 2021

Applying the optimal problem, we get the optimal power supply and price. However, how to make the real power consumption close to the optimal power supply is still worth studying. This paper proposes a novel data-driven inverse proportional function-based repeated-feedback adjustment strategy to control the users’ real power consumption. With the repeated-feedback adjustment, we adjust the real-time prices according to changes in the power discrepancy between the optimal power supply and the users’ real power consumption. If and only if the power discrepancy deviates the preset range, the real power consumption in different periods will be adjusted through the change of the price, so the adjustment times is the least. Numerical results on real power market show that the novel inverse proportional function-based repeated-feedback adjustment strategy brought forward in the article achieves better effect than the linear one, that is to say, the adjustments times and standard error of the residuals are less. Meanwhile, profit and whole social welfare are more. The proposed strategy can obtain more steady and dependable consumption load close to the optimal power supply, which is conducive to the balanced supply of electric energy.
The Application of Cloud Computing Intelligent Optimization Algorithm in the Investigation of College Students’ English Autonomous Learning under the Multimedia Teaching Mode
Authors: Wang Hengxi , Xu Jing
Published: October 2021

Autonomous learning is what college students need to learn. For some students who have difficulties in self-study, this paper develops a cloud computing intelligent optimization algorithm in the multimedia teaching mode of college students’ English autonomous learning system. This platform can help self-learners learn translation, listening, speaking, and other skills. At the same time, the platform also includes a self-assessment system including diagnostic evaluation, formative evaluation, and summative evaluation. The final test shows that the recognition rate of the system can reach more than 95%, which can meet the needs of use.
Fractional
q
-Integral Operators for the Product of a
q
-Polynomial and
q
-Analogue of the
I
-Functions and Their Applications
Authors: Vyas V.K. , Al-Jarrah Ali A. , Suthar D. L. , Abeye Nigussie
Published: October 2021

In this article, we derive four theorems concerning the fractional integral image for the product of the

q

-analogue of general class of polynomials with the

q

-analogue of the

I

-functions. To illustrate our main results, we use

q

-fractional integrals of Erdélyi–Kober type and generalized Weyl type fractional operators. The study concludes with a variety of results that can be obtained by using the relationship between the Erdélyi–Kober type and the Riemann–Liouville

q

-fractional integrals, as well as the relationship between the generalized Weyl type and the Weyl type

q

-fractional integrals.
Numerical Bichromatic Wave Generation Using Designed Mass Source Function
Authors: Chen Min-yi , Zhang Hong-sheng , Zhou En-xian , Xu Da-li
Published: October 2021

A mass source wave-maker method is generalized as the two-wave-source wave-maker method to generate bichromatic waves in the numerical model, whose governing equations are Navier–Stokes equations with the continuity equation. The Fluent software is taken as the calculation platform. In the numerical model, the waves at both the left and right ends of the numerical wave flume are absorbed with the momentum sources added in Navier–Stokes equations. The numerical simulation of bichromatic waves propagation with different frequencies in uniform deep, intermediate, and shallow water has been conducted. The numerical solutions are compared with the theoretical solutions obtained on the basis of Stokes waves theory. The frequency spectrum analyses of the results are conducted and discussed, and the differences between the weakly nonlinear theoretical solutions and the fully nonlinear numerical results are investigated in detail. It is found that the numerical model can effectively simulate the nonlinear effect of bichromatic waves in water with different depths, and the theoretical solutions only adapt the deep and intermediate water. The results indicate that the present numerical model is valuable in the aspect of practical application.
Attention Bias to Pain Words Comes Early and Cognitive Load Matters: Evidence from an ERP Study on Experimental Pain
Authors: Wang Kangling , Chen Yifei , Huang Shimin , Liu Howe , Wu Wen
Published: October 2021

Attention bias (AB) is a common cognitive challenge for patients with pain. In this study, we tested at what stage AB to pain occurs in participants with experimental pain (EP) and tested whether cognitive load interferes with it. We recruited 40 healthy adults aged 18-27 years, and randomized them into control and EP groups. We sprayed the participants in the EP group with 10% capsaicin paste to mimic acute pain and those in the control group with water, accessing both groups’ behavioral results and event-related potential data. We found that high-load tasks had longer response times and lower accuracies than low-load tasks did and that different neural processing of words occurred between the groups. The EP group exhibited AB to pain at an early stage with both attentional avoidance (N1 latency) and facilitated attention (P2 amplitude) to pain words. The control group coped with semantic differentiation (N1) at first, followed by pain word discrimination (P2). In addition, AB to pain occurred only in low-load tasks. As the cognitive load multiplied, we did not find AB in the EP group. Therefore, our study adds further evidence for AB to pain, suggesting the implementation of cognitive load in future AB therapy.
Energy Efficient Multiprocessing Solo Mining Algorithms for Public Blockchain Systems
Authors: Raza Zeeshan , Haq Irfan ul , Muneeb Muhammad , Shafiq Omair
Published: October 2021

Blockchain as a decentralized distributed ledger is revolutionizing the world with a secure design data storage mechanism. In the case of Bitcoin, mining involves a process of packing transactions in a block by calculating a random number termed as a nonce. The nonce calculation is done by special nodes called miners, and all the miners follow the Proof of Work (PoW) mining mechanism to perform the mining task. The transaction verification time in PoW-based blockchain systems, i.e., Bitcoin, is much slower than other digital transaction systems such as PayPal. It needs to be quicker if a system adapts PoW-based blockchain solutions, where there are thousands of transactions being computed at a time. Besides this, PoW mining also consumes a lot of energy to calculate the nonce of a block. Mining pools resulting into aggregated hashpower have been a popular solution to speed up the PoW mining, but they can be attacked by using different types of attacks. Parallel computing can be used to speed up the solo mining methods by utilizing the multiple processes of the contributing processors. In this research, we analyze various consensus mechanisms and see that the PoW-based blockchain systems have the limitations of low transaction confirmation time and high energy consumption. We also analyze various types of consensus layer attacks and their effects on miners and mining pools. To tackle these issues, we propose parallel PoW nonce calculation methods to accelerate the transaction verification process especially in solo mining. We have tested our techniques on different difficulty levels, and our proposed techniques yield better results than the traditional nonce computation mechanisms.
A Preliminary Case-Control Study: Peritoneal Approach in Congestive Heart Failure Treatment
Authors: Ria Paolo , Borio Gianluca , Rugiu Carlo , Corino Isabella , Zanolla Luisa , Napoli Marcello , De Pascalis Antonio
Published: November 2021

Background: Congestive heart failure (CHF) associated with worsening renal function is a very common disorder, and, as well known, the goal of the treatment is reducing venous congestion and maintaining a targeted extracellular volume. The objective of the study is to evaluate regular peritoneal ultrafiltration treatment compared to a standard conservative approach in NYHA III–IV CHF patients. In particular, the primary endpoints of the study were the major event-free survival and the total days of medical care per month (which consist of the days of hospitalization and the number of outpatient visits). Material and Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study. Twenty-four patients were included in the present study. Twelve consecutive patients were treated with peritoneal treatment (group A) and 12 matched for age, gender, and severity of disease with a standard approach. Patients were observed over a maximum period of 18 months. Information on events, hospitalizations, and number of visits was collected during follow-up. Results: During the follow-up, we observed a major event in 4 patients in group A (33.3%) and in 8 patients in group B (66.7%). In group B, we observed 7 deaths and 1 ICD shock, while in group A, 3 deaths and 1 ICD shock. The number of visits per month was significantly lower in patients treated with the peritoneal method (1.2 [0.4–4.1] vs. 2.5 [2.0–3.1]; p = 0.03). The total days of medical care was significantly lower in group A (2.0 [1.1–5.5] vs. 4.4 [3.0–8.7]; p = 0.034). A multiple event analysis according to the Andersen-Gill model showed a significant event-free survival for group A. During the follow-up, we did not observe any episode of peritonitis in the treated group. Conclusions: Our study shows that the peritoneal technique is a good therapeutic tool in well-selected patients with CHF. In accordance with prior experience, this intervention has not only an important and significant clinical impact but also potential economic and social consequences.