bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF RISK INDICATORS OF VIOLATIONS OF FIRE SAFETY MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS
Authors: Адамов Д.С. , Ратникова О.Д. , Сорокин В.А. , Козырев Е.В.
Published: December 2023

Рассмотрены актуальные вопросы совершенствования внепланового контроля, осуществляемого органами государственного пожарного надзора, в современных условиях. Проанализировано применение индикаторов риска нарушения обязательных требований пожарной безопасности при проведении органами государственного пожарного надзора внеплановых контрольных (надзорных) мероприятий. Установлены закономерности между нарушением обязательных требований пожарной безопасности и риском причинения вреда охраняемым законом ценностям вследствие пожара. Обосновано применение функциональной модели причинно-следственного отношения для определения индикаторов риска, которые отражают не только высокую вероятность нарушения обязательных требований пожарной безопасности, но и значительный риск причинения вреда охраняемым законом ценностям вследствие таких нарушений.

Risk indicators as an element of the risk assessment and management system for causing harm (damage) to legally protected values are markers that indicate a high degree of probability of violation of fire safety mandatory requirements at the protected facility and can be used as a priority source of information on the need for an unscheduled inspection. The algorithm for development of risk indicators used in the implementation of the Federal State Fire Service (FSFS) activities is based on the application of a functional model of causality. This model allows determining risk indicators that reflect a high probability of violation of fire safety mandatory requirements and a significant risk of harm to legally protected values as a result of such violations. The model is based on information from legitimate sources on the characteristics of fire safety activities of protected facilities and data on widespread high-risk (critical) violations of fire safety mandatory requirements.
Analysis of the Lack of Interest of MSMEs in Fintech In Medan Denai
Authors: Fadillah Putri Indah , Nasution Muhammad Irwan Padli , Harahap Muhammad Ikhsan
Published: December 2023

The government will address the issue of population explosion, which will be very important for economic development especially in Medan City, the government also encourages the growth and empowerment of MSMEs. Therefore, government-owned small and medium enterprises must be developed to be empowered. People may be motivated to move forward in their business with MSMEs in Medan Denai. Until 2021, the number of fintech companies is expected to continue to grow due to a number of variables, including convenience, excellence, service features, risk, and trust. the convenience of using fintech is easy to understand and does not require a lot of work, but umkm in Medan Denai still do not understand the use of fintech. therefore the purpose of this research is to analyze the Lack of Interest of MSMEs in Fintech in Medan Denai. This research uses a qualitative approach that is descriptive and explains the study in the field. The analysis method used is an analysis of the results of interviews and field observations conducted by researchers. In addition, the study techniques include using primary data from interviews with 10 MSME players in Medan Denai in July to those who have or have not used fintech in their operations. These 10 MSMEs are MSMEs that are a requirement for this research. According to the findings of the study, 1. Intention to use fintech services is concluded that the majority of traders are aware of the existence of fintech. Personalization is concluded that for those who know fintech, they consider fintech easy to use, but there are some MSME players who do not know fintech so they cannot make conclusions. 3. The ability to access fintech, almost all of them answered that fintech can be used anywhere, because fintech is on a cellphone that can be taken anywhere. The features that exist in fintech for them are difficult and some are not, depending on their use. 4. Technological innovativeness, namely some informants said that fintech has been able to provide services according to existing needs but some have not, it is because some of these fintechs do not have fintech guides making them feel helped in terms of buying and selling services 5. Social factors, namely for those who use fintech, they say that they use it because of the invitation of friends and people around, but there are also those who already know from the beginning. All informants said that fintech makes a business competitive and is able to make its business superior, it happens because nowadays many people make payments through fintech.
Development Strategy of Halal Tourism Objects in Medan City
Authors: Siregar Silvia Handayani , Lubis Fauzi Arif , Jannah Nurul
Published: December 2023

This study aims to analyze the development strategy of halal tourism objects in Medan City. This study uses SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis method to evaluate the internal and external factors that affect the development of halal tourism in this city. The analysis results show that Medan City has significant strengths, such as rich cultural potential, nature tourism, accommodation and ease of communication. However, there are weaknesses such as halal services that need to be improved, service quality, and less effective promotion. Significant opportunities were also identified, including the rapidly growing halal tourism market and the potential for increased international cooperation. However, threats such as competition from similar destinations, security issues, economic fluctuations, and related policy changes need to be addressed. The results of this study indicate the need for a targeted and sustainable development strategy to capitalize on the potential of halal tourism in Medan City. Therefore, the Medan City government undertakes a strategy that involves improving service quality, effective promotion, and stronger cooperation with stakeholders. This strategy is expected to develop Medan City as an attractive and sustainable halal tourism destination.
Understanding the Experiences of Rural School Counselors Implementing Trauma-Informed Practices
Authors: Grimes Tameka , Kirsch Jennifer , Roosma Shannon , Walters Amanda
Published: December 2023

School counselors are trained to address a wide range of student needs, including academic progress, college and career readiness, and social emotional wellness. Recent public health issues such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the opioid crisis, and racial violence have created an increased need for and focus on the social emotional work of school counselors. Trauma-informed practices (TIP) have become key strategies for school counselors interested in addressing student trauma within a school context. Per the American School Counselor Association (ASCA), school counselors are ethically responsible for utilizing evidence-based methods to address the holistic needs of students, especially when implementing trauma-informed care. Previous research indicates that rural schools, and by extension the school counselors within, generally feel unprepared and under-resourced to address crises or trauma. However, little is known about the implementation of TIP within rural school settings or by rural school counselors. Given that approximately one-fifth of the United States’ child population occupies rural schools, and rural communities have been found to experience more intense, frequent and specialized forms of trauma, it is critical to understand the experiences of rural school counselors addressing trauma within their schools. Therefore, this phenomenological investigation focused on exploring the lived experience of implementing TIP for eight rural school counselors across the United States. Three themes emerged: emotional experience of implementing TIP, support for implementing TIP, and practical logistics for implementing TIP. Considerations for enhancing the supports and addressing the challenges of TIP implementation for rural school counselors are discussed, as well as suggestions for future research.
Ouvidoria e canal de denúncias: ferramentas para governança e sustentabilidade
Authors: Hazin Cordeiro de Melo Cardim Cristiane , Dias Costa Isis , Koren Simoni Valéria
Published: December 2023

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo científico é abordar o papel das ouvidorias e dos canais de denúncias como ferramentas essenciais para promover a governança corporativa e as práticas ESG (ambientais, sociais e de governança) nas organizações. O trabalho pretende discutir também os benefícios dessas ferramentas na identificação de riscos, promoção da transparência, engajamento das partes interessadas e melhorias na reputação corporativa, e explanar como as ouvidorias e os canais de denúncias contribuem para a promoção da responsabilidade social empresarial e em conformidade com as regulamentações. A pesquisa bibliográfica mostrou que a diferença entre um canal de denúncias e uma ouvidoria é específica nas questões que abordam: o canal de denúncias é mais utilizado para questões antiéticas, enquanto a ouvidoria tem um escopo mais amplo, pois busca melhorar a qualidade dos serviços e o relacionamento com as partes interessadas, trazendo melhorias para a organização. Ambos desempenham papéis importantes na gestão eficaz das questões das partes interessadas e na promoção da transparência e da responsabilidade dentro da organização. Palavras-chave: Governança. Ouvidoria. Canal de denúncias. Sustentabilidade.
Molecular diversity and species delimitation in the genus Mideopsis Neuman, 1880 in Europe (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Mideopsidae)
Authors: Pešić Vladimir , Bańkowska Aleksandra , Zawal Andrzej , Rewicz Tomasz , Smit Harry
Published: December 2023

Water mites of the genus Mideopsis are often a very abundant member of running and standing water communities whose taxonomy has been based almost exclusively on traditional morphological studies. In this study, we present a species-level phylogeny of the genus in Europe using 71 cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) barcodes available in the BOLD database. In addition to morphological identification, we applied two different molecular taxon delimitation approaches (Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning - ASAP and multi-rate Poisson tree processes). The ASAP molecular delimitation revealed the presence of five molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTU), i.e., M. crassipes Soar, 1904, M. milankovici Pešić & Smit, 2020, M. roztoczensis Biesiadka & Kowalik, 1979 and two distinct M. orbicularis MOTUs, both widely distributed and sympatric in Central and Northern Europe. Morphological analysis revealed that specimens of Clade 1 match the description given by Biesiadka & Kowalik (1979) for Mideopsis orbicularis. We highlight the need for a thorough revision of the genus Mideopsis in Europe by integrating morphological and molecular data.
Atypical juvenile myoclonic epilepsy with structural brain abnormalities and cognitive impairment: A case report
Authors:   Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/“Dr. Soetomo” Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Sari Putri Permata , Gunawan Prastiya Indra ,   Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/“Dr. Soetomo” Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Noviandi Riza ,   Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/“Dr. Soetomo” Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Samosir Sunny Mariana ,   Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/“Dr. Soetomo” Academic General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: December 2023

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is an idiopathic generalized epilepsy affecting 5–10% of epilepsy patients. Its exact cause remains unknown, but recent studies indicate frontal region involvement. It responds well to anticonvulsants but is often misdiagnosed with focal-onset epilepsy. We present a 9-year-old girl with myoclonic, absence, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures happening over three months. EEG revealed slow spike and wave complexes with generalized polyspikes, while brain MRI identified encephalomalacia cysts with right frontotemporal lobe hemiatrophy. Valproic acid treatment led to seizure-free status for one month. In conclusion, timely EEG and neuroimaging are pivotal in identifying structural abnormalities in JME patients with pronounced cognitive impairment, enabling tailored treatment and better outcomes.
Exploring non-profit organisations’ communication channels and message content
Authors: Tsinga Mambadja Sabryna Joanne , Dondolo Hilda Bongazana , Conradie David Pieter
Published: December 2023

Currently, organisations have to decide which communication channel to use due to changes in the media landscape. Communication occurs through various channels, such as television, radio, print, email, phone, social media, and messaging apps. Each channel has its own set of rules, conventions, and nuances, which influence how messages are interpreted and received. This study investigated ways in which non-profit organisations in South Africa communicate their corporate social responsibility efforts. A survey questionnaire was distributed to 245 employees of nonprofit organisations in Gauteng province, South Africa, and data were analysed using SPSS software. The findings identified meetings as one of the most frequently employed approaches for internal communication. Further, this study found that NPOs preferred older or established means of communication over newer media. More specifically, non-electronic media such as meetings and word-of-mouth were used more than electronic media such as emails or SMS messaging, whereas social media was used less frequently than electronic media. This study adds to the existing literature on corporate social responsibility communication by highlighting the types of messages and diverse communication channels used by South African nonprofit organisations. It provides information that can be utilised to comprehend the different communication channels used by non-profit organisations.
The Role of Digital Transformation in Enhancing Communication: A Case Study of OR Tambo District Municipality in South Africa
Authors: Nciweni Nelson , Matsilele Trust , Abrahams Rifqah
Published: December 2023

This study delved into the digital communication strategies of the OR Tambo District Municipality in South Africa, a region characterised by its rural nature and high poverty levels. The aim was to understand the character of the Municipality’s digital communication strategies, evaluate their efficacy, and propose evidence-based recommendations for enhancement. The study was predicated on the necessity for local governments to align their communication strategies with technological advancements whilst considering the socioeconomic realities of their constituents. The research employed a comprehensive examination of the current digital communication tools, platforms, and techniques utilised by the Municipality, and assessed their effectiveness based on their reach, accessibility, and impact. The study identified areas of strength and weakness in the current communication strategies and proposed recommendations for enhancing digital communication within the Municipality. The findings underscored the importance of inclusive and effective digital communication strategies in local governments, particularly in rural areas. The study concluded that the OR Tambo District Municipality could enhance communication, improve service delivery, and foster greater engagement with residents by effectively leveraging digital technologies. The research contributes to the burgeoning body of literature on digital communication in local government and provides a roadmap for other rural municipalities seeking to leverage digital technologies to improve their communication strategies.
Differing priorities: International research collaboration trends of South African universities, 2012-2021
Authors: Heleta Savo , Jithoo Divinia
Published: December 2023

This study analyses international research collaboration (IRC) trends of South African public universities during the 2012-2021 period. While previous studies have explored IRC trends between South Africa and the rest of the world, there is a gap in literature when it comes to the analysis of institutional IRC trends. Using bibliometric data from Scopus, we analyse the internationally coauthored scholarly output of 24 public universities. Our focus is on the annual and overall institutional IRC trends; a comparison of IRC trends between different institutional types; and an analysis of institutional IRC trends broken down by world regions. Our findings show that the inequalities rooted in colonial and apartheid policies continue to be evident in South African higher education, and that most of the scholarly output through IRC is produced by historically white institutions (HWIs). The findings highlight that HWIs prioritise IRC with the Global North while neglecting research collaboration with the African continent and Global South. On the other hand, even though research output at historically black institutions (HBIs) is low, these institutions prioritise intra-Africa and South-South IRC. Our findings highlight the need for the government to move beyond the policy rhetoric and implement programmes that would enable HBIs to develop capacity to produce scholarly output through national and international collaboration. The government also needs to develop incentives for universities which are contributing to the expansion and strengthening of IRC within the African continent and Global South, in line with the national higher education and research priorities.
The Multiplication Formulas of Weighted Quantum Cluster Functions
Authors:   Tsinghua University, P. R. China, Chen Zhimin , Xiao Jie ,   Beijing Normal University, P. R. China, Xu Fan ,   Tsinghua University, P. R. China
Published: December 2023

By applying the property of Ext-symmetry and the affine space structure of certain fibers, we introduce the notion of weighted quantum cluster functions and prove their multiplication formulas associated to abelian categories with Ext-symmetry and 2-Calabi-Yau triangulated categories with cluster-tilting objects.
THE IMPACT OF LEADER POWER ON ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A STRATEGIC APPROACH TO DECISION-MAKING
Authors: Rosita Sry , Tialonawarmi Feny , Yacob Syahmardi
Published: December 2023

Leaders play a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of work programs and facilitating accomplishing of organizational goals. This study investigates the intricate relationship between leader power, decision-making, and organizational development. Drawing upon a quantitative approach, a structured questionnaire was administered to 386 civil servants to collect data. The empirical analysis employed the Smart-Partial Least Square (SmartPLS) software to examine the structural equation model. The findings substantiate the proposed model, revealing that decision-making partially mediates the association between leader power and organizational development. Interestingly, the direct effects of leader power and decision-making on organizational development are found to be more significant. These results underscore the paramount significance of effective decision-making and shed light on the nuanced interplay between leader power, the decision-making process, and organizational development.
Fifteen Hypervelocity Stars Whose Gaia G Magnitudes are Less Than 16.0 and Radial Velocities Less Than—600 km per second
Authors: Parthasarathy Mudumba
Published: December 2023

From Gaia DR3 data using a simple search criteria fifteen hypervelocity stars (HVS) are detected. These stars have radial velocities less than −600 km s−1, Gaia G magnitudes less than 16.0 and Renormalized Unit Weight Error values less than 1.4. The U, V, W velocities also indicate that these stars are HVS. The effective temperatures of these stars indicate that they are F and G type stars. Gaia DR3 409420157955913856 and Gaia DR3 2198292118993038464 seems to be metal-poor HVS. High resolution spectroscopy of these stars is needed to derive the atmospheric parameters, chemical composition and to understand their evolutionary status and origin. The progenitors of these stars may be close binary systems with white dwarf companions. When the white dwarf companions became Type Ia supernovae and their F-G companion stars have become HVS. Or they may be the result of other unknown processes.
Spectrophotometric and Topographic Correlations within the Mare Ingenii Swirl Region: Evidence for a Highly Mobile Lunar Regolith
Authors: Domingue Deborah , Weirich John , Chuang Frank , Sickafoose Amanda , Hsia Yeo Li , Courville Samuel , Palmer Eric , Gaskell Robert
Published: December 2023

The spectrophotometric properties of two study areas in the Ingenii swirl region show that the combined effects of multiple processes are required to explain the regolith’s mineralogical and physical properties. Production of the swirl regions requires mobilization of the regolith in addition to preferential radiation shielding of subareas. The discovery of topographic correlations between on- and off-swirl (dark lanes) clearly shows that the on-swirl regions are statistically lower than the off-swirl dark lanes by 2–3 m. Photometric analyses show no microscale roughness differences between on- and off-swirl, suggesting no differences in the regolith’s fairy-castle structure between the two swirl regions. The photometric properties of one of the study areas suggest that off-swirl dark lanes may have a more complicated grain structure than on-swirl areas. Enhanced abundances of plagioclase are observed on-swirl in both study areas. Enhanced abundances of FeO and orthopyroxene are observed off-swirl in both areas. No variations in olivine or clinopyroxene abundance were observed for either study area. The discovery of topographic correlations coupled with the similarities in structural properties provides new constraints on the types of processes acting on lunar swirl surfaces.
The Challenge of Measuring Asteroid Masses with Gaia DR2 Astrometry
Authors: Murray Zachary
Published: December 2023

The Gaia second data release (DR2) contains high-accuracy astrometric measurements of thousands of solar system bodies. These measurements raise the possibility of determining asteroid masses by modeling scattering events between massive objects observed by Gaia. In this paper, we identify promising encounters between small asteroids that occur during DR2 and quantify the various errors involved in mass determination. We argue that, in the best case, Gaia astrometry can provide constraints as tight as ≈1 km on the positions of asteroids. Further, we find that even with general relativistic corrections, integrations of the solar system accumulate 1 km errors after 700 days. While not a problem for modeling DR2 astrometry, future Gaia data releases may require models accounting for additional effects such as gravitational harmonics of the sun and planets. Additionally, due to suboptimal astrometric uncertainty, the geometry of the observations, and the Gaia observing pattern there are much looser constraints as a result in most cases, with constraints being several orders of magnitude weaker in some cases. This suggests that accurate mass determination for the smallest asteroids will require additional observations, either from future Gaia data releases or from other sources. We provide a list of encounters that are most promising for further investigation.
Time to presentation and mortality outcomes among patients with diabetes and acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Shin Min-A , Oh Seok , Kim Min Chul , Sim Doo Sun , Hong Young Joon , Kim Ju Han , Ahn Youngkeun , Jeong Myung Ho
Published: December 2023

Background/Aims: Due to limited real-world evidence on the association between time to presentation (T2P) and outcomes following acute myocardial infarction and diabetes (AMI-DM), we investigated the characteristics of patients with AMI-DM and their outcomes based on their T2P.Methods: 4,455 patients with AMI-DM from a Korean nationwide observational cohort (2011–2015) were divided into early and late presenters according to symptom-to-door time. The effects of T2P on three-year all-cause mortality were estimated using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and survival analysis.Results: The incidence of all-cause mortality was consistently higher in late presenters than in early presenters (11.4 vs. 17.2%; p < 0.001). In the IPTW-adjusted dataset, the incidence of all-cause mortality was numerically higher in late presenters than in early presenters (9.1 vs. 12.4%; p = 0.072). In the survival analysis, the cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality was significantly higher in late presenters than in early presenters before and after IPTW. In the subgroup with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, late presenters had a higher incidence of cardiac death than early presenters before (4.8 vs. 10.5%; p < 0.001) and after IPTW (4.2 vs. 9.7%; p = 0.034). In the initial glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)-stratified analysis, these effects were attenuated in patients with HbA1c ≥ 9.0% before (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80-2.64) and after IPTW (adjusted HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.40-1.67).Conclusions: Late presentation was associated with higher mortality in patients with AMI-DM; therefore, multifaceted and systematic interventions are needed to decrease pre-hospital delays.
Une géographie mouvante : la composition des effectifs de la Légion étrangère (1831-2022)
Authors: Le Tourneau François-Michel
Published: December 2023

Cet article documente l’évolution de la composition des effectifs de la Légion étrangère par zone de provenance au cours de son histoire. Il montre les mécanismes qui permettraient d’expliquer les fluctuations, et présente plus en détail la configuration de la Légion étrangère en 2022, démontrant la récente globalisation de ses effectifs et la montée des pays du « Sud global » au sein du recrutement depuis 2010. Pour ce faire, nous présentons dans un premier temps les origines et les spécificités de la Légion du point de vue de son recrutement. Dans un deuxième temps, nous balayons son histoire en montrant les changements des bassins géographiques de provenance en fonction des époques. Enfin, nous nous arrêtons sur la période contemporaine en regardant quels sont les déterminants de la globalisation, en cours à l’heure actuelle, de sa composition.
Au nom de l’urgence et de l’expertise technique, (dé)limiter le politique. Reconstruction des routes et berges dans la vallée de la Roya post-tempête Alex
Authors: Le Visage Selin
Published: December 2023

Le 2 octobre 2020, la tempête Alex a frappé de plein fouet les vallées de la Roya, de la Tinée et de la Vésubie dans les Alpes-Maritimes. En France, la reconstruction post-catastrophe a été moins étudiée que la prévention ou la gestion des risques malgré son rôle pour le développement du territoire, qui sera ici appréhendé dans sa dimension matérielle et relationnelle. En se focalisant sur les modalités de reconstructions des berges et des infrastructures de transport le long de la Roya, cet article interroge la façon dont certaines préférences sociales sont reproduites à travers les choix d’adaptation faits. Dans une perspective de géographie sociale et politique de l’environnement, il étudie les manières dont les acteurs de la gestion de crise et de la reconstruction délimitent les sujets qui peuvent (ou non) être débattus dans les processus de prise de décision. Il montre comment les temporalités de l’urgence permettent de circonscrire artificiellement ce qui serait de l’ordre du technique et du ressort du politique, désamorçant ainsi la conflictualité inhérente aux projets d’aménagement au profit d’une gouvernance efficace. L’article conclut sur une invitation à étudier les effets, pour l’environnement et la consultation du public, d’une nouvelle procédure d’urgence dite à caractère civil au vu des dérogations à un certain nombre de droits fondamentaux qu’elle permet – notamment si l’argument de « l’évidence de l’urgence » est étendu à des projets d’aménagement ou de transition écologique au-delà de la seule gestion des risques.
L’ambigüité destructive, ou comment des divisions internes ont empêché le parti travailliste britannique de se positionner clairement sur le Brexit (2016-2019)
Authors: Rayer Denis
Published: December 2023

La période de négociations qui a succédé au vote du Brexit en 2016 a été marquée par une forte instabilité politique au Royaume-Uni. Dès lors, les divisions internes au parti conservateur auraient pu ouvrir des opportunités au parti travailliste dirigé par Jeremy Corbyn. Cependant, la stratégie d’« ambigüité constructive » que le Labour a choisi d’adopter s’est révélée être un échec, et s’est soldée par sa défaite électorale en 2019. Je me propose d’analyser les choix effectués par le parti à partir d’une approche prenant en compte le niveau des élites partisanes et celui des militant·es, et ce, sur la base de données qualitatives recueillies à ces deux niveaux de l’organisation. Je montre ainsi que le contrôle de la direction sur le parti relevait à la fois d’une alliance complexe d’acteurs organisationnels et du soutien des membres. Dans le contexte des négociations du Brexit , la montée en puissance de divisions internes a alors conduit la direction à refuser de se positionner clairement sur l’hypothèse d’un second référendum afin de conserver l’équilibre précaire qui la maintenait aux commandes.
Les enjeux de l'intime
Authors: Sales Cécile
Published: December 2023

Résumé Évoquer l’intimité pose d’autant plus de questions que son territoire semble se réduire comme une peau de chagrin. Qu’est-ce qui le constitue ? Comment naît-il ou peine-t-il à naître ? Quelles sont les souffrances ou atteintes dont il est l’objet ? Ici, le corps et l’esprit ne font pas nombre ; le corps a son langage nous révélant des tourments que nous ne soupçonnions pas et dont nous ignorons la source.
Chypre, une identité politique et culturelle divisée
Authors: Michaël Androula
Published: December 2023

Résumé La présidence du Conseil de l’Union européenne à partir du 1 er  juillet 2012 constitue un moment important de l’histoire de Chypre. Dans la perspective d’une union plus forte de tous les pays méditerranéens, Chypre pourrait jouer un rôle de médiateur et constituer un terrain privilégié, celui d’un pont politique et culturel entre l’Europe et l’Orient.
Le Traité sur le commerce des armes
Authors: Sartre Patrice , Hosotte Olivier
Published: December 2023

Résumé Pour réguler les transferts internationaux d’armes conventionnelles, le projet de traité qui se joue à l’Organisation des Nations Unies à New York, du 2 au 27 juillet 2012, affiche deux ambitions : la lutte contre leur commerce illégal et l’élimination, au sein du commerce légal, de la part « irresponsable » car déstabilisatrice ou complice de violations des droits de l’homme.
Henri Maldiney
Authors: Brunel Sarah
Published: December 2023

Résumé Qu’est-ce qu’une crise ? La séparation, le deuil sont des épreuves par tous traversées qui nous conduisent parfois au bord de l’effondrement. L’anthropologie phénoménologique de Maldiney prend pour point de départ la description de cette expérience, de sa radicalité qui ouvre une brèche par laquelle se fait jour notre humanité, sans jeu, ni dérobade.
Nations et coexistence des peuples
Authors: Valadier Paul
Published: December 2023

Résumé Les peuples ne seraient-ils pas de plus en plus emportés dans un mouvement d’unification effaçant les différences ? À moins que sous cette unification, peut-être plus superficielle qu’il ne paraît, ne se cachent des différences hostiles les unes aux autres, tant il est vrai que les nationalismes, les régionalismes, voire les populismes n’ont jamais été aussi forts.
L'homme originaire ne descend pas du singe
Authors: Rey Olivier
Published: December 2023

Résumé Que les êtres humains ne soient pas les produits de trois milliards et demi d’années de mutations et de sélection naturelle s’exerçant sur le vivant, voilà qui n’est pas aisé à avancer un siècle et demi après la publication de L’Origine des espèces . Et cependant, il est possible d’affirmer pareille chose sans pour autant endosser le costume du créationniste de service, ni s’enrôler dans l’une de ces controverses absurdes dont notre époque raffole.
Maître Eckhart : penser à la limite
Authors: Mangin Eric
Published: December 2023

Résumé La question de l’intellect est sans aucun doute une des grandes préoccupations de la philosophie médiévale, et traverse ainsi les œuvres de Maître Eckhart (1260-1328). Cependant, il existe une difficulté fondamentale. Dans son élan vers le principe, l’intellect fait l’expérience d’une étrange cécité. En quoi consiste-t-elle ?
Le Parvis des Gentils
Authors: Mazas Laurent
Published: December 2023

Comment comprendre le « Parvis des Gentils », cette initiative qui en moins de deux ans est devenue, en témoigne la proposition du Synode, une préoccupation de l’Église universelle, mais aussi un lieu d’intérêt pour beaucoup d’hommes et de femmes éloignés de l’Église ou, plus encore, de la foi ?
Intervenir au Mali : le retour du politique
Authors: Gaulme François
Published: December 2023

L’intervention militaire de la France au Mali, engagée le 11 janvier 2013 avec l’Opération Serval, a pris par surprise l’opinion aussi bien que la plupart des commentateurs. Cet article se propose d’examiner le sens d’une intervention à double détente, avec des objectifs mondiaux (lutte contre le terrorisme) et nationaux (réunification du Mali). Il insiste sur la spécificité de cette Opération ainsi que sur la nécessité d’un relais politique aux succès militaires.
L'ancrage européen du Royaume-Uni en question
Authors: Sarter Frédéric
Published: December 2023

Si la question « Qu’est-ce que l’Europe a fait pour nous ? » domine les discours, ce qui frappe en arrivant au Royaume-Uni, au-delà de l’étonnement devant la singularité britannique, c’est de constater à quel point l’intégration européenne est en réalité bien plus avancée qu’on ne veut l’avouer. Le discours anti-européen, même s’il s’est insinué dans tous les domaines de la vie sociale, semble ainsi divorcé de la réalité économique et humaine.
L'argent, rempart de la liberté ?
Authors: Guigue Bruno
Published: December 2023

Écrivain, philosophe et homme politique du début du xix e siècle, Benjamin Constant a mis les droits sacrés de l’individu au centre de la réflexion politique. C’est pourquoi de nombreux commentateurs voient en lui l’un des prophètes du libéralisme moderne. En un sens, cette appréciation est loin d’être erronée : sa conception de la liberté n’est-elle pas à l’origine d’une pensée diffuse qui domine encore largement notre époque ?
Un présent sans épaisseur
Authors: Valadier Paul
Published: December 2023

L’époque actuelle se caractérise par un présent limité à lui-même, ayant en quelque sorte absorbé le passé aussi bien qu’annulé les perspectives d’avenir. Comment comprendre la domination de cette historicité sans épaisseur, se reproduisant elle-même dans une sorte d’obsession ou de fascination de soi ?
Réflexions sur le roman Hyperion de Hölderlin
Authors: Brunel Pierre Jean
Published: December 2023

À la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, Heidegger estimait que Hölderlin nous éclaire sur notre avenir, car sa poésie annonce le destin mondial de l’homme moderne : l’absence de pays natal ou de patrie. Or il est frappant de voir que Heidegger ne s’est jamais tourné vers Hyperion , cet unique roman de Hölderlin qui fait l’anamnèse de l’odyssée de l’homme moderne.
Les espoirs déçus du désarmement nucléaire
Authors: Brustlein Corentin
Published: December 2023

Le leadership assumé par les États-Unis sur le désarmement nucléaire n’a abouti qu’à des résultats limités. Dans un monde où la sécurité des États semble uniquement soumise à des menaces de nature asymétrique, les armes nucléaires sont encore considérées comme utiles par leurs possesseurs.
L'évaluation au travail, entre plainte et séduction
Authors: Vidaillet Bénédicte
Published: December 2023

Jamais peut-être nous n’avons autant évalué ou été évalués. L’évaluation est partout, elle nous obsède. Souvent, nous nous plaignons de ses effets : du temps qui lui est consacré, de la pression qu’elle exerce sur nous, de la démotivation qu’elle peut engendrer. Mais alors, pourquoi a-t-elle pris une telle place dans nos vies, et notamment au travail ?
L'individualisme est-il condamné à l'héroïsme ?
Authors: Castillo Monique
Published: December 2023

L’individu contemporain doit affronter le cap de toutes les « compétitions » qui mènent à la réussite de sa vie. Fragilisé par les crises économiques, les mutations techniques et la morosité mentale, il est contraint à devenir malgré lui un héros de la concurrence permanente, un héros paradoxal des temps post-modernes, un héros fragile...
Quelle parentalité pour les pères réunionnais ? Rôles et fonctions dans le monde contemporain (océan Indien)
Authors: Malbert Thierry , Rizzo Gisèle
Published: December 2023

La question du père à La Réunion a longtemps renvoyé dans l’inconscient collectif à des manques, des déséquilibres, voire une absence, que l’on retrouve trop souvent dans l’expression « le père absent ». Sur quoi repose ce poncif ? Est-il structuré sur des représentations en lien avec l’histoire de la famille à La Réunion marquée par des séparations à l’épreuve de l’esclavagisme et de l’engagisme ? Quelle est la place des pères aujourd’hui ? Nous nous proposons de contextualiser la question de la parentalité à La Réunion à travers l’analyse d’une recherche qualitative et quantitative sur le rôle et la place des pères menée par l’observatoire de la parentalité. La réflexion porte sur le soutien de la relation père-enfant dans le contexte sociohistorique des sociétés de l’océan Indien, les pères réunionnais semblant s’impliquer davantage et autrement que leurs propres pères.
L’opération humanitaire Zhusan : réintégration psychosociale des Kazakhs radicalisés revenant de Syrie et d’Irak
Authors: Jumageldinov Askar , Nuradinov Almat S.
Published: December 2023

Entre 2019 et 2021, le Kazakhstan a organisé le programme de retour au pays, depuis les zones de combat du Moyen-Orient, des hommes, des femmes et des enfants d’origine kazakhe. Cette initiative de l’État, appelée «  Zhusan  » (« l’absinthe amère ») est une opération humanitaire dont le nom évoque des images de la patrie et de cette plante omniprésente. Au total, 595 personnes sont revenues de la Syrie et de l’Irak, dont 33 hommes, 156 femmes et 406 enfants. Beaucoup d’entre eux s’étaient radicalisés et avaient subi des traumatismes psychologiques. Des mesures globales ont été prises pour les réadapter à une vie pacifique et à les ramener vers l’Islam traditionnel du madhhab Hanafi. Cependant, l’idéologie étatique et les connaissances théoriques en psychologie et théologie ne suffisent pas dans cette situation. Une expérience pratique de la communication avec cette catégorie de croyants est également nécessaire, afin d’appréhender les problématiques liées à la lutte contre l’idéologie radicale et mettre en œuvre les moyens pratiques pour les résoudre.
Faut-il en finir avec la nature humaine ?
Authors: Louis Adrien
Published: December 2023

Dans de nombreux cas, les critiques du transhumanisme répugnent à défendre une quelconque idée de la nature humaine. D’un côté, cette idée est décrétée trop réifiante, et d’un autre côté, elle paraît insoutenable d’un point de vue scientifique. Dès lors, contre un transhumanisme qui considérerait l’homme comme une « matière » dont il serait bon d’augmenter les performances ou même l’humanité, il semblerait préférable de dire que l’homme est essentiellement indéterminé. Dans cette perspective, la préservation de cette indétermination serait l’argument principal pour lutter contre les dangers du transhumanisme. Cet article voudrait au contraire défendre l’idée de nature humaine, et souligner que la défense de l’indétermination essentielle de l’humain peut aussi être l’objet d’une réappropriation idéologique.
Casuistique du « principe responsabilité » : l’éthique jonassienne et la fin de vie
Authors: Vaté Lyvann
Published: December 2023

À l’heure où les considérations sur la fin de vie, et plus précisément la revendication d’un « droit de mourir » prennent une place croissante dans le débat public et dans le champ philosophique de la bioéthique, la présente contribution se propose d’examiner l’analyse de Hans Jonas telle qu’elle est élaborée dans l’opuscule intitulé « Le droit de mourir ». Les distinctions conceptuelles et le souci de discerner la spécificité de situations différentes contribuent à l’examen du problème de la responsabilité morale dans les cas de fin de vie et à instruire le débat sur le sujet.
Scepticisme et morale
Authors: Le Jallé Éléonore
Published: December 2023

Le scepticisme moral de Hume ne se limite pas à la critique du rationalisme moral. Il se repère à la fonction qu’il assigne, en morale, à l’imagination. Dans le Traité de la nature humaine, l’imagination est une instance de correction du sentiment et elle intervient dans le choix des règles déterminant les propriétés ou les titres à l’autorité. Hume précise dans l’Enquête sur les principes de la morale l’intention de son scepticisme en le distinguant de quatre formes de scepticisme excessif : celui qui nie la distinction du vice et de la vertu, celui qui explique cette distinction par l’égoïsme (Hobbes) ou l’artifice (Mandeville), celui qui démasque la justice en révélant sa source imaginaire (Montaigne et Pascal). Le scepticisme moral de Hume se présente alors comme plus modéré, sans rien concéder au rationalisme.
Bifurcations of traveling wave solutions for the mixed Korteweg-de Vries equation
Authors: Wang Hui , Wang Xue
Published: December 2023

In this paper, the bifurcation theory of planar dynamical systems is employed to investigate the mixed Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. Under different parameter conditions, the bifurcation curves and phase portraits of corresponding Hamiltonian system are given. Furthermore, many different types of exact traveling waves are obtained, which include hyperbolic function solution, triangular function solution, rational solution and doubly periodic solutions in terms of the Jacobian elliptic functions. Furthermore, as all parameters in the representations of exact solutions are free variables, the solutions obtained show more complex dynamical behaviors, and could be applicable to explain diversity in qualitative features of wave phenomena.
Groundwater dilution and flow conditions in sulfuric acid caves: the case study of Frasassi (Italy)
Authors: Galdenzi Sandro
Published: December 2023

This study analyzes the dilution process of the sulfidic groundwater in the Frasassi caves due to the recharge of O2-rich freshwater and its influence on the sulfuric acid speleogenesis and morphogenesis. The drainage pattern and the seasonal changes of the chemo-physical characteristics of the groundwater through a year-long monitoring and the measurements of the groundwater levels are presented. The inflow of water infiltrating from the karst surface influenced the sulfidic groundwater parameters, reflecting the seasonal meteoric cycle. On the contrary, the Sentino River, which represents the local base level, directly influenced the groundwater only in the most external part of the cave. The water level measurements evidenced a low hydraulic gradient (~3‰), due to the high karstification, and also some differences in the permeability depending on the drainage direction. Most cave pools are isolated on the surface and connected to each other through a network of submerged passages. In the present conditions, a surface layer of bicarbonate water forms above the sulfidic water in a large part of the cave, where it impedes subaerial corrosion by released acidic gases. Conversely, the distribution of residual gypsum deposits and corrosional wall features in the upper old cave levels demonstrate that large interfaces between sulfidic water and cave atmosphere existed during some periods of the cave history. Here, the release of acidic gases (CO2 and H2S) and the production of H2SO4 from H2S oxidation caused the widespread subaerial corrosion which significantly contributed to the morphogenesis. The comparison between these residual morphologies and the active processes shows that morphogenesis in the cave has evolved through time, influenced by hydrodynamic conditions, in turn depending on the general morphological and hydrogeological setting of the whole karst area.
Balanced Epigenetic Regulation of MHC Class I Expression in Tumor Cells by the Histone Ubiquitin Modifiers BAP1 and PCGF1
Authors: Wijdeven Ruud H , Luk Sietse J , Schoufour Tom A W , van der Zanden Sabina Y , Cabezuelo Marta , Heemskerk Mirjam H M , Neefjes Jacques
Published: December 2023

MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules are critical for CD8+ T cell responses to viral infections and malignant cells, and tumors can downregulate MHC-I expression to promote immune evasion. In this study, using a genome-wide CRISPR screen on a human melanoma cell line, we identified the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) subunit PCGF1 and the deubiquitinating enzyme BAP1 as opposite regulators of MHC-I transcription. PCGF1 facilitates deposition of ubiquitin at H2AK119 at the MHC-I promoters to silence MHC-I, whereas BAP1 removes this modification to restore MHC-I expression. PCGF1 is widely expressed in tumors and its depletion increased MHC-I expression in multiple tumor lines, including MHC-Ilow tumors. In cells characterized by poor MHC-I expression, PRC1 and PRC2 act in parallel to impinge low transcription. However, PCGF1 depletion was sufficient to increase MHC-I expression and restore T cell–mediated killing of the tumor cells. Taken together, our data provide an additional layer of regulation of MHC-I expression in tumors: epigenetic silencing by PRC1 subunit PCGF1.
SHP-1 Regulates CD8+ T Cell Effector Function but Plays a Subtle Role with SHP-2 in T Cell Exhaustion Due to a Stage-Specific Nonredundant Functional Relay
Authors: Hou Bowen , Hu Yanyan , Zhu Yuzhen , Wang Xiaocui , Li Wanyun , Tang Jian , Jia Xian , Wang Jiayu , Cong Yu , Quan Minxue , Yang Hongying , Zheng Haiping , Bao Yuzhou , Chen Xiao Lei , Wang Hong-Rui , Xu Bing , Gascoigne Nicholas R J , Fu Guo
Published: December 2023

SHP-1 (Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1) is a well-known negative regulator of T cells, whereas its close homolog SHP-2 is the long-recognized main signaling mediator of the PD-1 inhibitory pathway. However, recent studies have challenged the requirement of SHP-2 in PD-1 signaling, and follow-up studies further questioned the alternative idea that SHP-1 may replace SHP-2 in its absence. In this study, we systematically investigate the role of SHP-1 alone or jointly with SHP-2 in CD8+ T cells in a series of gene knockout mice. We show that although SHP-1 negatively regulates CD8+ T cell effector function during acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection, it is dispensable for CD8+ T cell exhaustion during chronic LCMV infection. Moreover, in contrast to the mortality of PD-1 knockout mice upon chronic LCMV infection, mice double deficient for SHP-1 and SHP-2 in CD8+ T cells survived without immunopathology. Importantly, CD8+ T cells lacking both phosphatases still differentiate into exhausted cells and respond to PD-1 blockade. Finally, we found that SHP-1 and SHP-2 suppressed effector CD8+ T cell expansion at the early and late stages, respectively, during chronic LCMV infection.