bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TECHNICAL MATERIAL SECONDARY ELECTRON YIELD AND VARIATION WITH SURFACE TREATMENTS
Authors: Vishwanath Manish
Published: February 2023

Secondary electron emission from surfaces subjectedto an oscillating electromagnetic field is the source ofthe multipathing effect, which can significantlydisrupt particle accelerator functioning. This articleattempts to demonstrate the genesis of secondaryelectron emission as well as the major causes for thedifferences between technical materials and puremetals using experimental findings. For various typesof technical surfaces, the change of secondaryelectron yield with incoming electron energy will bestudied. In the context of the LHC accelerator, theeffect of gas condensation on these surfaces will alsobe investigated.
"Transdisciplinariedad", Mount Scopus Journal. Volumen 2, Número 2, Año 2022
Authors: PernaleteLugo Josefrank , García María Quispe , Rossel Ysaelen Odor , Agudelo Juan López , Rodríguez Patricia Arteaga , Ojeda José , Colina José , Perdomo Víctor , Colina Sinddy
Published: February 2023

A todas luces, la metodología transdisciplinaria no remplaza la metodología de cada disciplina, que sigue siendo lo que es. Pero la metodología transdisciplinariafecunda estas disciplinas, aportando nuevas e indispensables claridades, que no pueden producirse con la metodología disciplinaria. La metodología transdisciplinaria podría conducir a verdaderos descubrimientos en el seno de las disciplinas, lo cual es natural puesto que uno de los objetivos de la transdisciplinariedad es la búsqueda de lo que atraviesa las disciplinas” (Tomado del libro de Basarab Nicolescu, 1996: p. 89). Basado en las corrientes del filósofo Edgar Morín, se cita lo que a mi parecer es la interpretación más realista y simple de la ciencia transdisciplinaria, dada la complejidad del tema. En honor a este “dogma”, “corolario”, “postulado”….Se abren las puertas a esta edición del Diario del Monte Scopus, con las investigaciones de científicos que no solohacen ciencia pura, sino ciencia humana; es decir, difunden el conocimiento para el multiverso cultural de los lectores. Invitados quedan todos ustedes, a conocer sobre los aportes de estos humanos transdisciplinarios
Large variation in Mekong river plastic transport between wet and dry season
Authors: van Emmerik Tim , Schreyers Louise , Mellink Yvette , Sok Ty , Arias Mauricio
Published: February 2023

Plastic pollution in rivers is of increased global concern. Rivers act both as pathways for land-based plastic waste into the ocean, and as plastic reservoirs for long-term retention. Reliable observations are key to designing, optimizing and evaluating strategies to prevent and reduce plastic pollution. Several measurement methods have been developed to quantify macroplastic ($>$0.5 cm) storage and transport in rivers, including visual counting from bridges, net sampling, and images-based techniques. Method harmonization is crucial to make sure data collected using different techniques remains consistent. In turn, this would allow for comparative analysis of plastic pollution within and between rivers. In this paper, we present a harmonization approach to estimate floating plastic item and mass transport from data collected using different methods. The approach allows estimating the same values based on different measurement methods and data collection protocols. We applied our approach to the Mekong-Tonlé Sap-Bassac river system around the city of Phnom Penh, Cambodia. We estimated the floating plastic item and mass transport in the wet and dry season by combining data from net sampling and visual counting. During the wet season, plastic transport in the Mekong increased with a factor of up to 170 (item transport) and 294 (mass transport) compared to the dry season. The river plastic mass balance around Phnom Penh changed considerably, which was mainly due to the flow reversal of Tonlé Sap river between the wet and dry season. Downstream of Phnom Penh, the total plastic transport was consistently higher than upstream, although less in the wet season (1.5-1.7 times) compared to the dry season (3.8-5.9 times), emphasizing the city's role as entry point of plastic pollution into the Mekong. The largest sources of uncertainty are assumed to be caused by key differences between methods, including the size ranges, extrapolation from observation point to full river width, and the contribution of submerged plastic to the total transport. Future work should focus on including data from other methods than net sampling and visual counting, and reducing the uncertainties related to combining data from different methods. Our results show that river plastic transport dynamics are highly variable over time and space, especially around confluences, bifurcations and urban areas. With our paper we aim to contribute to further harmonization of river plastic monitoring.
Controlled Burning and its Effects on Shorea robusta (Sal) Regeneration in Dhansar Block Forest, Rautahat
Authors: Dhungana Badri Prasad , Bhatta Balram , Sharma Sundar , Chhetri Vivek Thapa
Published: February 2023

Fire is used as a management tool to administer a wide range of ecosystems worldwide. Forest fires in Shorea robusta (Sal-dominated) forests take the form of ground fires and mostly affect regeneration. We investigated the effect of forest fire on Sal regeneration in 42 sample plots, of which 21 were subjected to controlled burning. The results showed that species richness decreased from fire-unaffected (19) to fire-affected (10). The total density of Sal seedlings in the fire-affected sites was 3829 seedlings ha-1, while in the fire-unaffected sites were 1779 seedlings ha-1 representing an increased species dominance of Sal species in the post-fire condition. The total density of Sal saplings in the fire-affected sites was 343 seedlings ha-1, while in the fire-unaffected sites was 571 seedlings ha-1. A significant difference with a large effect size (Cohen’s d=0.97) was observed in the seedling regeneration of Sal, while no significant difference was observed in the sapling regeneration of Sal in the post-fire condition. The increment of Sal seedlings may be due to the fire-hardy silvicultural characteristics of Shorea robusta and the decline of Sal saplings may be due to stem mortality in the small diameter classes. We conclude that fire is a beneficial tool for seedling regeneration but not for plant establishment. Future research studies regarding the impact of fire intensities, soil moisture, biological disturbances, temperature, light intensity, etc. on regeneration are recommended.
Knowledge of resilience strategies in livestock management during dry periods in southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Fadairo Anjolaoluwa O. , Popoola Yemi A. , Sorunke Adekunle O. , Omole Adeboye J.
Published: February 2023

Recurring elongated dry seasons in South west Nigeria pose a significant threat to livestock production. Knowledge of adaptation strategies to build resilience and lowers vulnerabilities to climate change among livestock farmers is limited. This study assessed livestock farmers’ knowledge of resilience strategies in farm management during dry seasons in southwest Nigeria. Using a purposive sampling procedure, a total of 118 farmers were interviewed on knowledge of livestock management during dry periods, specific challenges to management, and opinions on efficient livestock management. The result shows that increased feed costs challenged farmers during the dry season while insufficient funds were identified as the most severe constraint. Knowledge of management was high among 42% of farmers and 89.5% of them disagreed on the mechanism for temperature control structure in livestock building. Knowledge of good management practices was influenced by farmers’ ability to read and write in Yoruba language (χ2= 9.179; p < 0.05) and constraints faced (r = 0.21; p < 0.05). Climate change information in local languages will improve livestock farmers’ resilience to challenges induced by unpredictable climate change.
Fetomaternal Outcome in Eclampsia at Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shah Ravi Kumar , Ansari Sana , Mushtaq Rehana , Shrestha Ruby , Shah Pravin , Jaiswal Arushi , Deep Jagat Prasad
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Eclampsia is a life threatening emergency condition that remains a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality. It is one of the causes of preventable maternal mortality. There are specific risks for the mother as this condition lead to seizure and may cause woman to lose consciousness and if the fetus is not delivered, this condition can cause the death of the mother and or the fetus. This study was conducted to evaluate the fetomaternal outcome in eclampsia.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study done at National Medical College Teaching Hospital from 1st February 2021 to 31st January 2022. Ethical approval was obtained from IRC (regd no. F-NMC/518/076-77). During the study period 1496 women delivered. Out of this, 44 patients with generalized tonic-clonic convulsions during pregnancy / labour / within 7 days of delivery were included in the study criteria. The data analyzed included various maternal parameters, fetal parameters and pregnancy outcomes.
Result: Among 1496, 44 patients (2.94%) developed eclampsia, 38.63% in age group of < 20 years, 59.09% were primigravida, 84.09% unbooked, 63.63% presented with antepartum eclampsia, delivered by caesarean 63.63%. There was 2.26% maternal mortality due to cerebrovascular accident. Perinatal mortality was 11.36% which included stillbirth 6.81%nand neonatal death 4.54%.
Conclusion: Regular antenatal checkup, early detection of disease, timely referral, and early initiation and treatment in patients with eclampsia improve outcomes. Treatment of these patients should be carried out in tertiary care centers where intensive care units, NICU facilities, and multidisciplinary units are available.
Inorganic contaminants (As, Cd, Pb) in peeled and whole potatoes and sweet potatoes
Authors: Sixto Alexandra , Mollo Alicia , Ibañez Facundo , Pistón Mariela
Published: February 2023

Vegetables are a rich source of macro and micronutrients. Particularly, potatoes and sweet potatoes are widely consumed and are two of the most important food crops in the world. Therefore, contamination of these products due to their content of inorganic contaminants is of great concern. Considering the healthy trend of consuming these tubers and roots with their skins, which are rich in fiber and other nutrients, analysis of the whole product could provide valuable information in relation to their food safety. Therefore, the presence of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in peeled and whole potatoes and sweet potatoes was studied. To do so, analytical methods were optimized and validated according to the Association of Official Analytical Collaboration International (AOAC) requirements for food analysis. Although the content of As, Cd and Pb was in most cases more than three times below the maximum allowed levels for these contaminants, the presence of Cd was detected in the samples of whole sweet potato but not in the peeled ones. The same behavior was observed for Pb in most of the sweet potato samples analyzed. This information points to the need to generate information on the whole root and tuber contaminants content, and to have analytical methods available to gather data on the occurrence of these contaminants in the whole vegetable in order to perform their risk assessment according to the consumption habits.
A Pragmatic Analysis of Emergent Leaders in Leaderless Group Discussion
Authors: Prayitno Norman Shiddiq , Pradita Intan
Published: February 2023

Group discussion has played significant roles in establishing studentsâ€™ collaborative skills, especially leadership. This issue is interesting to discuss since the process of establishing the skills tends to happen when the students are involved in leaderless group discussion. Previous studies suggested that leaderless group discussion has been dominated by the emergence of male students as the leader so that the engagement developed. In fact, leaderless group discussion is essential to develop studentsâ€™ leadership attitude. Thus, leadership attitude should not be dependent on only one gender. To extend this issue in EFL context, especially in Indonesia, this research aims to elaborate the emergence of leadership attitude by higher education students during leaderless group discussion. Two recordings of online synchronous leaderless group discussion were collected as the data. To analyze the data, we used Speech Acts of Request and Big Five Theory of leadership attitude. This research found that female students emerged as the leader and the male students acted to be the supporting group members. The female students lead the group discussion by performing feminine leadership attitudes such as extraversion, intelligence and authoritarianism. These attitudes were manifested through the speech acts of request such as conventionally indirect (query) and direct act of request (suggestory). These findings denied the stigma that only the male gender with authoritarianism is more likely to emerge during leaderless group discussion, as for females were able to emerge by relying on not just authoritarianism but also extraversion and intelligence behind that.
A Survey on Studentâ€™s Academic Self-Efficacy on International Program Bridging Course
Authors: Muhammad Alifa Rismayanti Nur , Ardini Anandayu Suri
Published: February 2023

Mastering English in academic context is prominent to prepare university students for global competition, and thereforeÂ awareness of academic self-efficacy towards language skills is needed to learn English correctly and effectively. This study aims to examine the academic self efficacy of students from International Program who took Bridging program Course. To collect the data, the researcher distributed a questionnaire by Djokic (2021) that was adapted from Owen and Fromanâ€™s (1988) College Academic Self Efficacy Scale (CASES). The data show that students from Bridging Program course have the highest efficacy when it comes to attending the lectures. However, they have the lowest efficacy on their note-taking skill and their ability to answer questions from the professors. The result implied that students were more confident in doing a routine activity as they are accustomed in it, and felt less confident when they have to respond to lecturers as it required their readiness to learn.
Pronunciation Errors of the Silent Consonants of Pariskian Junior High School Students
Authors: Syafrizal Syafrizal , Wahyuni Sri , Syamsun Tosi Rut
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the general characteristics of pronunciation errors in silent consonant which made by junior high school student and also to determine the interference of Indonesian on the pronunciation of silent consonants in junior high school students. The method that the researcher uses is a qualitative descriptive method, and for the data, the researcher recorded the voices of six junior high school students pronouncing the words that contain silent consonant. There are twenty word which contain silent consonant for every subject. By using error analysis, the researcher diagnoses the errors made by junior high school students into several categories, and by using analysis comparison, he compared the mistakes made by junior high school students with the interference of Indonesian language in pronouncing English words that contain silenct consonant.
Modern Management: The Biggest Challenge of an Era Full of Changes
Authors: Stanca Ionela Petruta , Tarbujaru Tudor
Published: February 2023

The 21st century was marked by countless changes and upheav­als around the world that very much revealed a new age. This era of fast, sudden, and omnipresent change has serious implications for our future. In today’s fast-paced world, each organization needs new tools and methods to strengthen its effectiveness. Strong competition in the worldwide mar­ketplace requires organizations to figure out ways to be competitive. Com­petitive advantage is achieved only by organizations that are ready for ex­treme changes and employ techniques and concepts of non-stop improve­ment. In order to obtain a competitive advantage, the context of continu­ous quick globalization, change, and development drives fresh ideas about the modes of activity and roles of organizations. One of the most crucial hu­man activities is management. Since the beginning of time, when humans formed social organizations to achieve goals and objectives that they could not achieve as individuals, management played a vital role in ensuring that individual efforts were coordinated. What is now happening compels man­agers to employ more modern, contemporary techniques and manners of management to meet current issues. New management strategies, such as a process-oriented approach, are necessary. Modern management is the foundation for creating a successful, market-competitive organization. To answer these issues, the study will focus on analyzing management theories and particular elements that separate today’s management from previous eras. Therefore, managers in modern businesses must recognize the critical role they play in helping their organizations accomplish their objectives. For this goal to be achieved, it is vital to apply modern achievements and tech­nology in organizational management. Our paper’s purpose is to demon­strate how management has grown up in an ever-changing organization­al environment. To solve these challenges, researchers need to broaden and expand their attention to the process approach as a way of enhancing the organization’s management system and developing recommendations for maximizing crucial business processes. These events have had an impact on the organizational world, and it is up to management to refresh, modernize and rise to face the challenges.
Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Engineering Evolution in a Digital World
Authors: Andreea Grecu
Published: February 2023

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is the foundation of digital transformation in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) in­dustry. This is an instrument helping professionals and students to gain an un­derstanding of technologies that will be crucial to the future industry. In addi­tion, BIM is a tool that improves the efficiency and integration of building de­signs by integrating architectural knowledge with technical processes. Con­tractors, architects, and engineers are increasingly utilising virtual technology for long-distance communication. According to Reuters, the worldwide BIM industry is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 14.9 percent from 2018 to 2023. Government mandates for the development and implementation of BIM to improve project efficiency and reduce operations costs are the driving force behind it. BIM was portrayed in specialised literature as a component of the solution for an industry beset by cost and schedule overruns, enabling owners and stakeholders to make knowledgeable decisions based on the real-time in­formation the digital models provide.
The Specific Interrelation between Motivation, Emotions and Sustainable Consumer Behaviour
Authors: Dimova Nadejda
Published: February 2023

The changes brought about by COVID-19 and digitalisation do not eradicate the genuine problems associated with sustainable consum­er behaviour and achieving sustainable development in general. Consum­er motivation and emotions are closely intertwined with achieving sustain­able consumer behaviour. The research interest was sparked by the interre­lation between motivation, emotions and sustainable consumer behaviour. It is specific and determines the extent to which consumers want and are motivated to consume sustainably and in parallel with what emotions they experience in the overall consumer decision-making process and their con­sumer journey. The research methodology includes presenting the relation­ship between the individual elements in the purchase, presenting different types of motivation that affect sustainable consumer behaviour, clarifying the different types of emotions in sustainable consumer behaviour and fo­cusing on happiness as a leading emotion to achieve sustainable consump­tion. It is to the benefit of the readers to recognise the importance of the in­terrelation between emotions, motivation and sustainable consumer be­haviour and build perfect strategies based on it.
Changes in the Educational Structure of the Workforce in Slovakia and Its Regions
Authors: Masárová Jana , Koišová Eva , Gullerová Monika
Published: February 2023

Educational attainment plays a critical role in everybody’s em­ployment options. Education determines human development, and affects the economic development of countries. For this reason, the education­al structure of the population has long been considered an important in­dicator of the overall maturity and development of the country. In connec­tion with technical progress and the use of advanced technologies, the de­mands for tertiary education attainment in the workforce are growing. The purpose of the paper is to evaluate changes in the structure of the work­force in terms of educational attainment in the Slovak Republic and to find the relationship between the educational attainment and economic perfor­mance of the regions of the Slovak Republic. The educational attainment of the workforce in the Slovak Republic is developing positively. However, sig­nificant regional differences have been identified, and it is possible to see a big gap between the Region of Bratislava and the remaining Slovak regions. In recent years, there has been a marked improvement in the educational attainment of the workforce in the Region of Košice. Tertiary education at­tainment of the workforce has an impact on the creation of regional gross domestic product per capita
Barriers to the Development of Tourism Product Based on Authentic Gastronomy in Rural Areas
Authors: Đurkin Badurina Jelena , Klapan Manuela
Published: February 2023

Food tourism in rural areas can be considered a sustainable source of benefits for the local community, but only if it is developed in line with the potentials, interests and capacities of respective host community. Authentic gastronomy of rural areas is considered highly desirable by tour­ism demand, but there are some barriers to its development that need to be taken into account. This paper is conceptually examining the main chal­lenges of establishing efficient local food networks in rural areas, for the purpose of the development of authentic gastronomy tourism offer. Barri­ers, identified from the analysis of scientific literature, are elaborated and discussed within the framework of rural areas. Findings, apart from gener­al challenges of tourism development in rural areas, specially emphasise the importance of careful alignment of interests and expectations of all direct and indirect stakeholders in the process of development of authentic gas­tronomy in rural areas.
Concept and Measurement of Memorable Tourism Experience
Authors: Rašan Dora , Prevošek Denis , Višković Karmela
Published: February 2023

In the last twenty years scholars and practitioners have shown in­terest in exploring the concept of tourist experience from different perspec­tives. However, therefore less attention has been paid to the research on the tourist experience with special emphasis on the concept of memorable expe­rience (MTE). Starting from the above, the purpose of this paper is to present a detailed and systematic quantitative research review aimed at identifying new trends in MTE research and reducing the existing gaps in the experience economy literature. For the purposes of this research, 47 studies on MTE pub­lished between 2010 and 2021 were analyzed according to the year of publi­cation, geographic coverage, publication source and forms of tourism. The re­sults of this study suggest that the largest number of studies of MTE were con­ducted in 2019 (21.28%) in Asia (56.81%) and published in the journal Anatolia (10.64%). Further analysis revealed that the largest number of research were carried out in the context of destination and gastronomic tourism. Therefore, only for these two forms of tourism, the causal relationship of different vari­ables was analyzed, thus gaining an insight into their measurement instru­ments. In measuring the destination memorable tourism experience the MTE model is the most common one, while in measuring gastronomic tourism the most frequently applied dimensions are novelty, food quality, service environ­ment and atmosphere. From a management perspective, the findings of this study offer practical implications for measuring MTE, especially in the context of destination and gastronomic tourism. Based on the analyzed data, tour­ism providers can get an insight into the tested and valid instrumentation that can allow them to determine strengths and weaknesses in the existing elements of their offer always focusing on the possibilities for long-term im­provement of the whole service.
The Famous Dealu Mare – Wine Route
Authors: Slave Camelia , Man Carmen Mihaela
Published: February 2023

Wine tourism in the local vineyards is a new notion today. This tourism is starting to become an alternative to the late autumn holidays – you visit wineries, cellars, churches, everything is concentrated on a distance of only 60 kilometers. In the middle of the road between Bucharest and Brasov, on the border be­tween Prahova and Buzau counties lies the homeland of red wine – “Dealu Mare”/ “Big Hill” vineyards. It has thousands of hectares of vineyards, eight famous wineries, and mansions that belonged to the old boyar families, some renovated and recently entered the tourist circuit, others in ruins, but just as spectacular. There are also 17th-century monasteries and themed mu­seums that recreate the atmosphere of the houses in the area.
Water Quality Status in the Erzeni River, Albania over the Period 2014–2019 and Prospective Towards the Achievements of EU WFD Objectives in Its Basin
Authors: Keci Erjola , Prifti Vanela
Published: February 2023

Erzeni River flows through two of the most developed regions of Albania: Tirana and Durrës. Due to the concerns about potential pollu­tion resulting from increased human activities in its basin the major driv­ing forces and pressures were identified and the quality of the river’s water was assessed based on an evaluation of physicochemical parameters based on monitoring data over the period 2014 – 2019. Based on data analysis, the evaluation of the overall water quality status has been carried out. The as­sessment of the physicochemical parameters measured, and the use of the Water Quality Standards methodology show a deterioration of water quali­ty, however, this remains moderately good. A more precise quantification of pressures and consequent evaluation of impacts, though feasible, requires significant amounts of good quality data, much of which is not currently collected in Albania. Significant improvements in data collection and coor­dination between competent authorities will be required as part of future measures.
Sustainability in Software Engineering: A Design Science Research Approach
Authors: Silveira Clara , Reis Leonilde
Published: February 2023

In the current global context, with so many challenges to be faced, it is important to see people’s increased interest in sustainability is­sues as an opportunity for change. Sustainable Software Engineering, as a recent research area, incorporates sustainability principles and dimensions in the software development process. On the other hand, the Design Science Research methodology has become a well-received research paradigm in Information Systems in general and in Software Engineering in particu­lar. The paper presents a Sustainable Software Engineering approach inte­grated into the Design Science Research methodology. The concepts of sus­tainability in software development, namely the principles of the Karlskro­na Manifesto, the principles of Green Software Engineering and the Sustain­able Development Goals are integrated into the approach. Preliminary re­sults from applying the approach indicate that the iterative process of the Design Science Research methodology allows for the integration of multi­disciplinary sustainability artefacts during the software process.
Agroterrorism as a Threat to Modern Society
Authors: Bursać Boris , Blanuša Andrija
Published: February 2023

There is no country, no inhabited territory on the globe that is im­mune to terrorism. Although the roots of terrorism go back a long way, ter­rorism is a product of the modern age, and its causes and motives are differ­ent. Therefore, the authors identify terrorism as a world problem, because as a manifestation in one environment, it never isolates itself, but spreads very quickly to other areas. In this paper, a new, somewhat intimidating form of terrorism, better known as agroterrorism, is analyzed in detail. This pa­per aims to explain more precisely this new, modern form of terrorism, to make a clear distinction between the concepts of bioterrorism and agroter­rorism, as well as to assess potential threats and consequences of agroter­rorist attacks.
Evaluation of Localization Factors for Allocation of Selected Slovak Enterprises
Authors: Farkašová Mária , Országhová Dana
Published: February 2023

Localization belongs to the important decision-making process­es in the enterprise. The decision on the location of the accommodation fa­cility depends on localization factors, i.e. site-specific characteristics. They represent the basis for the determination of the spatial location of the ac­commodation facility, especially in the long term. The location of the tour­ist accommodation facility specifies its economic structure and determines further development. The paper was directed on the recognition, descrip­tion and evaluation of localization factors that were important in decid­ing on the location of selected accommodation facilities at the beginning of their activities. Localization factors are divided into these categories: la­bor, market, land and natural resources, environment, infrastructure, legal, social, and economic conditions. Research data were obtained by question­naire method and combined interview method. The results of the survey in the final phase showed that entrepreneurs in the field of accommodation and tourist facilities were satisfied with the location of their facility and eval­uated their decision as the most correct.
Impact of Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine on Central and Eastern European Capital Markets
Authors: Dias Rui , Revez Catarina , Horta Nicole , Heliodoro Paula , Alexandre Paulo
Published: February 2023

On February 24th, 2022, Russia launched a full-scale military in­vasion against Ukraine, marking a sharp escalation to a conflict that began in 2014. Several analysts have called the invasion the largest military inva­sion in Europe since World War II. Considering these events this paper aims to test the efficient market hypothesis, in its weak form, in the capital mar­kets of Hungary (BUX), Croatia (CROBEX), Russia (IMOEX), the Czech Repub­lic (PX PRAGUE), Slovenia (SBITOP), and Poland (WIG) over the period from April 25th, 2017, to April 22nd, 2022. The results show that the random walk hypothesis is not supported by the analyzed financial markets in this peri­od with the occurrence of the 2020 global pandemic and the Russian inva­sion of Ukraine. The values of the variance ratios are less than unity, imply­ing that the returns are autocorrelated over time and mean-reverting, and no differences between the financial markets have been identified. This has implications for investors, since some returns may be expected, creating ar­bitrage opportunities and abnormal returns, contrary to the assumptions of random walk and informational efficiency. In conclusion, we believe that in­vestors should eventually exercise some caution, at least while this uncer­tainty persists, and invest in less risky markets to mitigate risk and improve the efficiency of their portfolios.
Effective Public Administration of Agro-exports in Disruptive Times – The Way to Make Rural Territories Sustainable
Authors: Kiforenko Oksana
Published: February 2023

Effective public administration is a key prerequisite for the suc- cessful functioning of any sphere of social functioning. Ukraine takes the leading place in the production and exporting of many agricultural items. In the research, special attention is paid to the sustainable development of Ukraine’s rural territories due to the extreme importance of agriculture ei- ther for the country’s own population or for its trading partners. The data analysed in the article were taken from the official web page of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. While analysing the agro–exports of Ukraine, “agro” denotes the commodity from the groups I—IV of the Ukrain- ian Classification of Commodities in Foreign Trade. The timeframe under analysis is nine years – from 2012 to 2020 included. The appropriate statis- tical software and tools as well as tabular and visualization methods were used to conduct the research and present its results in the article. The research and its results will be interesting and useful for public administration officials, companies’ managers engaged in agriculture and international trade, decision makers, academic community representatives as well as beginners and experienced data analysts.
Information Efficiency in Small and Underdeveloped Financial Market
Authors: Jovanovski Kiril , Tanevska Hristina
Published: February 2023

Testing the efficient market hypothesis can always bring interest­ing points regarding the functions of the financial markets. Every investor wants to beat the market, and therefore he is trying to find information that will gain him some privileges. On the other side, the stock exchanges and reg­ulatory agencies are striving to eliminate those information privileges. This is where market efficiency, its theory, and its forms come into question. Until to­day one can find research on testing the efficiency of different developed mar­kets. However, there are still a lot of gaps in research involving small and un­derdeveloped markets. This research may put the developing markets on the investment opportunities map of international investors. The purpose of this paper is to show how information efficiency relates to the Macedonian stock market by testing the weak form efficiency, using the augmented Dickey-Full­er (ADF) test to observe whether they contain a unit root or not. The results will be used to show the opportunities for adopting a profitable investment strat­egy using the technical analysis of the Macedonian stock exchange. Addition­ally, the results show that by using the mouthy price differences one cannot beat the market as the prices are moving with a random walk, which is not the case if investors are analyzing daily price differences.
Financialization – Evidence from Dynamic Connectedness among Agricultural Index Futures
Authors: Jain Neeti , Chatnani Niti Nandini
Published: February 2023

The introduction of index futures was a landmark event for glob­al commodity markets. It has been blamed by regulators and academicians for its role in food price surges from time to time. This paper examines the price discovery and volatility spillover relationship among agricultural in­dex futures globally. Results from the study reveal that index futures play a dominant role in contributing to price discovery. The price leadership of the futures market, although found to be strong, is diminished in the presence of stringent regulatory trading curbs that were put in place as a response to the crisis. Furthermore, an improved Diebold & Yilmaz method based on TVP-VAR-SV model was used to analyze dynamic connectedness between the index and standalone contracts of agriculture commodity markets. The results show that the impacts on the net spillover of various indices are different. Howev­er, the evidence fails to support the argument that volatility is induced due to spillovers among the indices.
Preparation for the Career outside the Army: The View of Soldiers of the Czech Armed Forces
Authors: Skýpalová Renata , Binková Kristýna
Published: February 2023

The paper focuses on the means of support during soldiers’ labor market integration after the termination of military contracts. To find out how the military personnel of the Czech Armed Forces cope with their train­ing for a second career and whether they are interested in the support tools used abroad, the research included 176 students of military studies at the University of Defence and 284 soldiers in active military service. Broadening their knowledge and skills for a better opportunity in the labor market is the wish of 90 % of respondents. More than four-fifths of the respondents have not started training for their second career yet. According to the results, the respondents are interested in helping with preparation for a second career. However, compared to other NATO countries, a systematic approach is not being applied in the Czech Republic at this time.
Barriers to Effective Interpersonal Communication in Retail
Authors: Kováčová Petra , Drahotský Ondřej
Published: February 2023

Communication is an inseparable part of our daily lives. Interper­sonal communication appears between two and more people and consists not only of verbal communication by using words and consciously talking to others but also consciously or unconsciously by using non-verbal commu­nication such as gestures, body movement and posture, facial expressions, haptics (touch), eye contact, proxemics (physical distance), paralanguage, etc. In verbal and non-verbal communication enter some issues that can cause misunderstandings in the communication process. People communi­cate everywhere and anytime, therefore it is natural that some difficulties and problems occur in interpersonal communication and are encountered in the workplace. There are different types of communication in the work­place, but this paper focuses mainly on interpersonal communication be­tween managers and their team members. The way how they communicate influences the output of the entire communication process and has direct or side effects on performance, work environment, company goals and simi­lar. The main goal of this paper is the identification of barriers to effective interpersonal communication in a selected branch of an international re­tail organization in Germany. Based on the research, it is possible to identify the barriers to the effective communication process between managers and their team members. Of a total of 187 employees working at this branch, 48 employees participated in this survey. This paper provides results from con­ducted research where some positive aspects and barriers were explored as well. Among positive results are that the employees do not afraid to address the company’s management directly, employees are not interrupted while speaking, do not get the information they do not understand, the manag­ers do not use the terms their employees do not understand, employees are not often overwhelmed with the information, not facing a misunderstand­ing from manager’s side. On the other hand, the organization may support more communication between departments and provide more informa­tion to employees to feel well informed. This paper correlates with other re­search conducted in this field by different researchers in different countries and adds the missing barriers or confirmed already often occurring barriers to effective interpersonal communication.
أساليب تنمية الكفاءات في الحضارة الإسلاميَّة وتطبيقاتها المعاصرة: دراسة تحليليَّة لإسهامات عمر بن عبد العزيز
Authors: بخيت سعيد الحمر  , فطمير شيخو
Published: February 2023

مُلخَّص البحثيهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على الكفاءة الإدارية في عهد عمر بن عبد العزيز رضي الله عنه، وبيان مفهوم الكفاءة الإدارية والإدارة في الإسلام، وكذلك مفهوم الفكر الإداري الإسلامي والكفاءة والأساليب المستعملة من أمير المؤمنين عمر بن عبد العزيز في تنمية الكفاءات الإدارية في الدولة الإسلامية، كما يتطرق إلى سياسة عمر في إدارة الدولة وتولية الولاة وتعيين القضاة، والأساليب المستخدمة منه في إصلاح الإدارة المالية. وتتمثل أهمية هذا البحث في تركيزه على أهمية معرفة الأساليب التي تنهض بها الدول وتتحقق المصالح وتسد أبواب المفاسد استرشادا بما قامت عليه الحضارة الإسلامية خاصة خلافة عمر بن عبد العزيز، وكذلك أهمية كشف جوانب القصور في الآليات المستخدمة لتنمية الكفاءات في واقعنا المعاصر. هذا وتوسل الباحث المنهج الوصفي الذي يعتمد على منهج الاستقراء والتحليل، وأيضا المنهج المقارن، مع عرض أساليب تنمية الكفاءات الإدارية في العصر الحديث وتحليلها. ومن خلال ما توصل البحث إليه من نتائج أوصى بمجموعة من التوصيات، واقترح مجموعة من الرسائل العلمية من خلال مضمون البحث.الكلمات المفتاحية: الكفاءة الإدارية، التنظيم الإداري، الحضارة الإسلامية، الإدارة الإسلامية، الإدارة المالية، عمر بن عبد العزيز.
How Do You Like To Learn?
Authors: Bennett Jala
Published: February 2023

Online education is no new phenomenon, but has recently gained traction due to the closure of educational institutions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the possibility of online learning becoming more relevant in the education system, researchers have observed the implications it has for students. While some studies have found little to no variance in academic performance, others have detected increased levels of engagement from students completing online courses. Mental health and student well-being have also been evaluated, with researchers coming to the conclusion that remote education increases negative emotions, such as depression and anxiety, due to the lack of interaction students have.
This essay discusses the evolution of online education, addressing its increased popularity over this past year, as well as discussing its pre-pandemic prominence. Following that is a dissection of the advantages and disadvantages of remote education from students’ perspectives. Further, I will discuss how these findings suggest that online education has both improved and worsened students’ academic performance, engagement levels, and mental health, as well as that blended learning is the most effective and efficient method. Lastly, some possible suggestions of how to mitigate the complications posed by remote education, as well as expectancies of the post-pandemic educational system will be discussed.
STUDY OF METHODS FOR NEUTRALIZING BIODIESEL WITH AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF CITRIC ACID
Authors: Polishchuk V. , Derevianko D. , Tarasenko S. , Antypov Ye.
Published: February 2023

The production of methyl esters of fatty acids, also called biodiesel, by traditional technology occurs in the presence of an alkaline homogeneous catalyst, which does not react, but only accelerates it, remaining in the manufactured methyl ester of fatty acids and causing engine corrosion. Purification of methyl esters of fatty acids from a homogeneous catalyst must be preceded by its neutralization. An aqueous solution of inorganic (hydrochloric, sulfuric, phosphoric, etc.) and organic (acetic, citric) acids is used for this purpose. The aim of the study is to determine the establishment of optimal and rational parameters for the neutralization of methyl esters of fatty acids. Studies of the effectiveness of neutralization of methyl esters of fatty acids were performed by mixing it with an aqueous solution of citric acid (volumetric method) and by spraying an aqueous solution of citric acid over a layer of methyl ester of fatty acids (aerosol method). Investigations of the influence of the stirrer parameters on the alkalinity of the neutralized methyl ester of fatty acids were performed at temperatures of 20°C, 40°C, 60°C and 80°C and stirrer shaft speeds of 200, 350, 500 and 650 rpm. The stirring time was 5 minutes The study of the effect of nebulizer parameters on the alkalinity of fatty acid methyl ester was performed by spraying 6 ml of an aqueous solution of 1% citric acid per 100 ml of fatty acid methyl ester through a centrifugal full-cone spray "Dis and Core". The spraying time was 1.5-3 s at a pressure of 0.15-0.25 at. It is experimentally established that the neutralization of biodiesel should be carried out in a three-dimensional way at a temperature of 40°C and a rational speed of the stirrer shaft 240-410 rpm/min., While the optimal speed of the stirrer shaft is 323 rpm/min.
Estimation of efficiency of application of lubricants with fullerene compositions during operation in main cycle of trucks
Authors: Kravtsov А. , Karnaukh M.
Published: February 2023

The paper deals with the assessment of fuel efficiency of the car at operation with use of lubricants (motor and transmission oils) with fullerene compositions on the main driving cycle. Fullerene compositions were added to the engine and transmission oil at a concentration of 10% of the mass. The guiding document that defines the procedure for testing vehicles for fuel efficiency is National State Standard GOST 20306. Tests on the main cycle were carried out on a truck ZIL-5301 "Bichok" having a total mileage from the beginning of operation of 20 thousand km. The car is equipped with a diesel engine D 245.12 with a turbocharged capacity of 73 kW and a specific fuel consumption q = 245 g/kWh. The tests were performed on a ring road with a straight section. Before the start of the tests all units of the car were warmed up by a run on a ring road not less than 50 km long at a 2/3 maximum speed. The tests were performed on the main cycle at an ambient temperature of +20С (summer period of operation) and at an ambient temperature of -5°С (winter period of operation). Control races began in the car, which used lubricants according to the operating instructions. In the engine lubrication system engine oil M-10G2к (API CC, SAE 40), transmission units - transmission oil TAD-17i (API GL-5, SAE 85W90). Control races were repeated three times. At the same time, the arrival time was recorded with the help of a timer and the volumetric fuel consumption with the help of a flow meter in cm3 . It is established that when operating a car on main roads with asphalt pavement in the summer of use of fullerene composition in both engine and transmission oils, reduces the fuel consumption of the car on 15.43...18.34%. The value of 18.34% corresponds to the mileage of the car without cargo (m = 0), and the value of 15.43% mileage with cargo (m = 3000 kg). The coefficient of variation of the measured value of fuel consumption was 0.031...0.044. This allows us to conclude that the measurement error lies within 3.1...4.4%. The operating the car on the main roads with an asphalt covering in the winter of operation of application of fullerene composition (concentration 10% of the mass) simultaneously in engine oil and transmission oil reduces fuel consumption by 14.25...16.14%. The value of 16.14% corresponds to the mileage of the car without cargo (m = 0), and the value of 14.25% mileage with cargo (m = 3000 kg). The coefficient of variation of the measured value of fuel consumption was 0.046...0.035. This allows us to conclude that the measurement error lies within 4.6...3.5%.