bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BERT‐PPII: The Polyproline Type II Helix Structure Prediction Model Based on BERT and Multichannel CNN
Authors: Feng Chuang , Wang Zhen , Li Guokun , Yang Xiaohan , Wu Nannan , Wang Lei
Published: August 2022

Predicting the polyproline type II (PPII) helix structure is crucial important in many research areas, such as the protein folding mechanisms, the drug targets, and the protein functions. However, many existing PPII helix prediction algorithms encode the protein sequence information in a single way, which causes the insufficient learning of protein sequence feature information. To improve the protein sequence encoding performance, this paper proposes a BERT‐based PPII helix structure prediction algorithm (BERT‐PPII), which learns the protein sequence information based on the BERT model. The BERT model’s CLS vector can fairly fuse sample’s each amino acid residue information. Thus, we utilize the CLS vector as the global feature to represent the sample’s global contextual information. As the interactions among the protein chains’ local amino acid residues have an important influence on the formation of PPII helix, we utilize the CNN to extract local amino acid residues’ features which can further enhance the information expression of protein sequence samples. In this paper, we fuse the CLS vectors with CNN local features to improve the performance of predicting PPII structure. Compared to the state‐of‐the‐art PPIIPRED method, the experimental results on the unbalanced dataset show that the proposed method improves the accuracy value by 1% on the strict dataset and 2% on the less strict dataset. Correspondingly, the results on the balanced dataset show that the AUCs of the proposed method are 0.826 on the strict dataset and 0.785 on less strict datasets, respectively. For the independent test set, the proposed method has the AUC value of 0.827 on the strict dataset and 0.783 on the less strict dataset. The above experimental results have proved that the proposed BERT‐PPII method can achieve a superior performance of predicting the PPII helix.
Expression and Role of TRIM2 in Human Diseases
Authors: Xiao Maolin , Li Jianjun , Liu Qingyuan , He Xiangbiao , Yang Zongke , Wang Delin
Published: August 2022

Tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family proteins contain more than 80 members in humans, and most of these proteins exhibit E3 ubiquitin ligase activity mediated through a RING finger domain. Their biological functions are very complex, and they perform diverse functions in cell evolution processes, such as intracellular signaling, development, apoptosis, protein quality control, innate immunity, autophagy, and carcinogenesis. Tripartite motif‐containing protein 2 (TRIM2), a member of the TRIM superfamily, is an 81 kDa multidomain protein, also known as CMT2R or RNF86, located at 4q31.3. TRIM2 functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Current studies have shown that TRIM2 can play roles in neuroprotection, neuronal rapid ischemic tolerance, antiviral responses, neurological diseases, etc. Moreover, based on some studies in tumors, TRIM2 regulates tumor proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and drug resistance through different mechanisms and plays a critical role in tumor occurrence and development. This review is aimed at providing a systematic and comprehensive summary of research on TRIM2 and at exploring the potential role of TRIM2 as a biomarker and therapeutic target in many kinds of human diseases.
[Retracted] Application and Equipment of Preparation Technology of Ferroelectric Thin Film Materials in Sports Industry
Authors: Xu Yali
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development of the integrated circuit industry, ferroelectric thin film materials and technologies have become increasingly important. Ferroelectric materials have been widely used in aerospace, information storage, artificial intelligence, microelectromechanical, wearable devices, and other fields. Traditional sports is an important carrier of traditional culture. It contains the sports cultural resources created and precipitated by the Chinese nation for thousands of years, and all sectors of society are also paying great attention to this. Under the background of the market economy system and the major premise of the vigorous development of the cultural industry and sports industry, industrialization is obviously the inevitable choice for traditional sports to break through the difficulties and seek development, and it will also promote the further inheritance and promotion of traditional sports. The complex combination causes its performance to decrease or even fail. Therefore, it cannot cause foresee losses and disasters. It has important application value and significance to master the performance changes and mechanisms of ferrous film materials under different adding environments. This paper takes ferroelectric Pb (Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3(PZT)Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12(BNT) as the research object, proposes the preparation of sol coating for thin film materials, and studies the preparation parameters PZT of the sol electric ferroelectric method. Electrical method and BNT electrical film properties affect iron and physical experiments on the properties of iron. The influence of the best sol‐iron coating method on the electrical properties of PZT and BNT films is the ferroelectric properties of the 700°C layer of high‐temperature gas, 10‐layer PZT films, and 8‐layer BNT films. The elasticity and elastic moduli of PZT and BNT films are 66.8 MPa and 99.6 MPa and 159.3 GPa and 189GPa, respectively; the elastic coefficients of PZT and BNT films are15.4 × 1010 N/m2 and18.4 × 1010 N/m2, and their elastic coefficients|e31|decrease with accompanying increase in swallowing. And with the disease of reading and writing field strength, as the speed becomes faster and slower, the carriers have more time to move to the brain wall, so the intensity is also intuitive. It has strong practicability and feasibility to popularize the material and manufacture the equipment of the current sports equipment club.
[Retracted] Establishment of a Survival Risk Prediction Model for Adolescent and Adult Osteosarcoma Patients
Authors: Gao Zhixiang , Yao Kai , Cai Peng , Long Nengji , Cao Yang , He Fenglai , Liu Lijuan , Xiao Cong
Published: August 2022

To build a nomogram model for predicting the survival risk of teens and adults with osteosarcoma based on the TARGET database, patients with osteosarcoma were collected via the TARGET database, and the survival curves of the patients were plotted using the Kaplan‐Meier method in SPSS 24.0. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) univariate regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors that influence osteosarcoma survival. A model (nomogram) for predicting the survival risk of adolescent and adult patients with osteosarcoma was built or plotted using the rms26 package as implemented in R (ver. 3.5.3). The predictive accuracy and discriminating power of the nomogram were determined by the C‐index and calibration curves. A total of 94 patients with osteosarcoma were included. Classification of cases based on the tumor site revealed 59 cases involving the femur (62.8%), 5 involving the fibula (5.3%), 6 humerus (6.4%), 2 radius (2.1%), 19 tibia (20.2%), and 3 ulna (3.2%). Classification of cases based on surgical method showed 81 cases involving limb sparing (86.2%), 9 cases of amputation (9.6%), and 4 without surgery (4.2%). Among the 94 cases, bone metastasis occurred in 3 cases (3.2%) and lung metastasis in 14 cases (14.9%). Among all survivors, the median rate of survival is 8.6 years (95% CI: 8.0210.92); the three‐year and five‐year survival rates are 64.6% and 52.6%, respectively. The LASSO regression analysis showed that metastasis site, definitive surgery, and histologic response were potential risk predictors. The C‐index of the nomogram plotted was 0.729, and the C‐index of the validated sample was 0.742. The nomogram used in this study allows physicians to objectively and accurately predict the prognosis and survival of osteosarcoma patients. In order to determine whether the method is applicable to other groups of patients, additional studies need to be conducted.
Experimental Study on Stabilized Expansive Soil by Blending Parts of the Soil Kilned and Powdered Glass Wastes
Authors: Tsegaye Woldesenbet Tewodros
Published: August 2022

This experimental study explores the utilization of glass wastes mixed with kilned soil for weak soil improvement. Expansive soil remains a reason for a lot of road and building damage through settlement and cyclic volume change. Replacing or stabilizing the soil can minimize the risks associated with the soil type. Cement and lime have been the major stabilizers. However, the cost of these materials is raised. Among many stabilizing materials, parts of the expansive soil burned and mixed with glass powder are investigated to fulfill the major requirements. It is proved that the soil sample taken requires improvement. Parts of the soil kilned and mixed with powdered glass waste have 75% of expansive soil kilned and 25% of glass waste powder, which are then added in expansive soil with percentages of 5%, 15%, and 25% to test the change that occurred on liquid limit, plastic limit, free swell, unconfined compression, compaction, California bearing ratio (CBR), and mineral composition. Maximum dry density (MDD) improved from 1.33 g/cm3 to 1.61 g/cm3, optimum moisture content (OMC) reduced from 40% to 21.3%, plastic index reduced from 58.79% to 19.91%, California bearing ratio (CBR) increased from 0.95% to 12.08%, and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) changed from 216 kPa to 910 kPa on 14 days of curing period. Similarly, the addition of 15% and 25% of the stabilizer improved the free swell of expansive soil to 36% and 14%, respectively. CBR swell values significantly improved from 7.16% to 0.22%. Changes in mineral contents from X‐ray diffraction (XRD) test are observed: montmorillonite and illite minerals disappeared, and the nonexpansive minerals are observed abundantly in stabilized soil. The addition of 15% to 25% of the stabilizer in expansive soil improved the physical and chemical properties as to be in the appropriate range for road subgrade construction use.
Silencing RNA for MMPs May Be Utilized for Cardioprotection
Authors: Banaszkiewicz Marta , Krzywonos-Zawadzka Anna , Olejnik Agnieszka , Noszczyk-Nowak Agnieszka , Bil-Lula Iwona
Published: August 2022

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is accompanied by an increase of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) activity, which degrades heart contractile proteins. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of MMP-2 small interfering RNA (MMP-2 siRNA) administration on I/R heart. Isolated rat hearts perfused by the Langendorff method were subjected to I/R in the presence or absence of MMP-2 siRNA. The hemodynamic parameters of heart function were monitored. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was measured in coronary effluents. Activity and concentration of MMPs in the hearts were measured. Concentration of troponin I (TnI) in coronary effluents was examined as a target for MMP-2 degradation. Recovery of heart mechanical function was reduced after I/R; however, administration of MMP-2 siRNA resulted in restoration of proper mechanical function (

p
<
0.001

). LDH activity was decreased after the use of MMP-2 siRNA (

p
=
0.02

), providing evidence for reduced cardiac damage. Both MMP-2 and MMP-9 syntheses as well as their activity were inhibited in the I/R hearts after siRNA administration (

p
<
0.05

). MMP-2 siRNA administration inhibited TnI release into the coronary effluents (

p
<
0.001

). The use of MMP-2 siRNA contributed to the improvement of heart mechanical function and reduction of contractile proteins degradation during I/R; therefore, MMP-2 siRNA may be considered a cardioprotective agent.
Regulation of Cyclin D1 Degradation by Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 27X Is Critical for Cancer Cell Proliferation and Tumor Growth
Authors: Alam Shamshad , Zunic Amanda , Venkat Swati , Feigin Michael E. , Atanassov Boyko S.
Published: August 2022

Cyclin D1 (CCND1) is a critical regulator of cell proliferation and its overexpression has been linked to the development and progression of several malignancies. CCND1 overexpression is recognized as a major mechanism of therapy resistance in several cancers; tumors that rely on CCND1 overexpression to evade cancer therapy are extremely sensitive to its ablation. Therefore, targeting CCND1 is a promising strategy for preventing tumor progression and combating therapy resistance in cancer patients. Although CCND1 itself is not a druggable target, it can be targeted indirectly by inhibiting its regulators. CCND1 steady-state levels are tightly regulated by ubiquitin-mediated degradation, and defects in CCND1 ubiquitination are associated with increased CCND1 protein levels in cancer. Here, we uncover a novel function of ubiquitin-specific protease 27X (USP27X), a deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB), in regulating CCND1 degradation in cancer. USP27X binds to and stabilizes CCND1 in a catalytically dependent manner by negatively regulating its ubiquitination. USP27X expression levels correlate with the levels of CCND1 in several HER2 therapy–resistant breast cancer cell lines, and its ablation leads to a severe reduction of CCND1 protein levels, inhibition of tumor growth, and resensitization to targeted therapy. Together, the results presented in our study are the first to expose USP27X as a major CCND1 deubiquitinase and provide a mechanistic explanation for how this DUB fosters tumor growth.

Implications:

As a deubiquitinating enzyme, USP27X is a druggable target. Our study illuminates new avenues for therapeutic intervention in CCND1-driven cancers.
Lessons from the Failure to Complete a Trial of Denosumab in Women With a Pathogenic BRCA1/2 Variant Scheduling Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy
Authors: Trivedi Meghna S. , Arber Nadir , Friedman Eitan , Garber Judy E. , Holcomb Kevin , Horowitz Neil S. , Wright Jason D. , Lee J. Jack , Vornik Lana A. , Abutaseh Saba , Castile Tawana , Sauter Edward R. , Dimond Eileen , Heckman-Stoddard Brandy M. , House Margaret , Samimi Goli , Brown Powel H. , Crew Katherine D.
Published: August 2022

Female carriers of pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) BRCA1/2 variants are at increased risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. Currently, the only effective strategy for ovarian cancer risk reduction is risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (RR-BSO), which carries adverse effects related to early menopause. There is ongoing investigation of inhibition of the RANK ligand (RANKL) with denosumab as a means of chemoprevention for breast cancer in carriers of BRCA1 P/LP variants. Through the NCI Division of Cancer Prevention (DCP) Early Phase Clinical Trials Prevention Consortia, a presurgical pilot study of denosumab was developed in premenopausal carriers of P/LP BRCA1/2 variants scheduled for RR-BSO with the goal of collecting valuable data on the biologic effects of denosumab on gynecologic tissue. The study was terminated early due to the inability to accrue participants. Challenges which impacted the conduct of this study included a study design with highly selective eligibility criteria and requirements and the COVID-19 pandemic. It is critical to reflect on these issues to enhance the successful completion of future prevention studies in individuals with hereditary cancer syndromes.
Collaboration to Promote Research and Improve Clinical Care in the Evolving Field of Childhood Cancer Predisposition
Authors: MacFarland Suzanne P. , Maese Luke , Rednam Surya P. , Kamihara Junne , Perrino Melissa R. , Nichols Kim E. , Brodeur Garrett M. , Schiffman Joshua D. , Plon Sharon E. , Diller Lisa R. , Malkin David , Porter Christopher C. , Villani Anita
Published: August 2022

Germline pathogenic variants in cancer susceptibility genes are identified in up to 18% of all children with cancer. Because pediatric cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS) themselves are rare and underrecognized, there are limited data to guide the diagnosis and management of affected children and at-risk relatives. Furthermore, the care of affected children requires distinct considerations given the early onset of cancers, lifelong risks of additional cancers, and potential late effects of therapy. Herein, we discuss efforts to leverage existing infrastructure, organize experts, and develop a new consortium to optimize care and advance research for children with CPS. A 2016 workshop organized by the American Association for Cancer Research united many experts in childhood cancer predisposition and resulted in publication of multiple consensus guidelines for tumor surveillance. More recently, several of these authors established the Consortium for Childhood Cancer Predisposition (C3P), a multi-institutional collaboration that provides a structure for systematic research in cancer predisposition, screening, and prevention in children. The Consortium intends to work with other cooperative groups to merge longitudinal data from children with CPS throughout the continuum of the cancer risk period, as well as cancer treatment and survivorship care, to optimize overall outcomes.
Can GH Therapy Worsen a Clinically Silent Chiari Malformation? A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Candela Egidio , La Corte Emanuele , Zucchini Stefano , Lefosse Mariella , Toni Francesco , Zucchelli Mino
Published: August 2022

Background: The link between the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy in patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and Chiari malformation type I (CM-1) is controversial. Summary: We report the case of a patient with an unusual association of GHD due to ectopic posterior pituitary and CM-1. Our patient developed a headache and worsening of CM-1 after the initiation of rhGH therapy. Following an atlo-occipital decompression surgery, the patient was able to resume therapy with a marked growth improvement. Based on this observation, we provide a systematic review of the current literature about these two pathologies. Key Messages: A careful follow-up of all patients with CM-1 treated with GH is mandatory, paying particular attention to the appearance of any neurological signs and symptoms.
MIC Discrepancies between Parenteral and Oral Anti-Staphylococcal Beta-Lactams among MSSA
Authors: Hernandez Brandy N. , Dilworth Thomas , Kesner Jacob , Ryan Keenan , Thelen Haedi , Mercier Renée-Claude
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Recent evidence has shown that oral antibiotic therapy is not inferior to IV antibiotic therapy in the treatment of complicated Staphylococcus aureus infections. Therefore, oral antibiotic therapy is now frequently prescribed in clinical practice due to cost benefit, ease of administration, decreased complication rate, and lack of need for IV access. In vitro susceptibility testing for β-lactam oral antibiotics is not routinely performed as the guidelines provided by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommend using oxacillin and cefoxitin as surrogate markers. Hence, oral antibiotic susceptibilities for cephalexin and dicloxacillin are not reported and implied based on oxacillin and cefoxitin. The objective of the current study was to determine whether susceptibilities among S. aureus isolates are predictable when comparing commonly used IV and oral beta-lactams. Methods: Cefazolin, cephalexin, dicloxacillin, and oxacillin broth microdilution minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for 100 clinical isolates of methicillin-sensitive S. aureus by broth microdilution following CLSI guidelines. Results: Among these isolates, median MICs for cephalexin were eight-fold higher than cefazolin MICs and median MICs for dicloxacillin were four-fold less than oxacillin MICs. Ten percent of more strains studied had a major or very major error in its susceptibility reporting when cephalexin was compared to its surrogate marker oxacillin. Discussions/Conclusions: The variations in MICs observed compounded with the dosing and pharmacokinetic differences of oral versus IV β-lactam suggests that establishing breakpoints for oral β-lactam antibiotics is necessary to ensure adequate therapy is selected for the treatment of complex S. aureus infections.
A lenda do Eldorado: transformações do mito doradista na cartografia da América do Sul
Authors: Stori Bruno
Published: August 2022

Articulando um complexo repertório maravilhoso que emprestava elementos das mirabilia medievais, o imaginário europeu sobre o Novo Mundo e relatos indígenas, a lenda do Eldorado foi um importante fator de mobilização para a conquista, exploração e colonização da América do Sul desde meados do século XVI. A cidade dourada figurou nos mapas europeus da Amazônia e da Guiana até meados do século XIX como fruto da influência do maravilhoso na mentalidade europeia, transformando-se ao longo da modernidade conforme novas formas de pensamento surgiam. Tendo em vista as considerações de John Brian Harley e Matthew Edney sobre a história da cartografia crítica e o conceito de “cartografia especulativa” trabalhado por Felipe Fernández-Armesto, pretendemos analisar um conjunto de mapas europeus da América do Sul produzidos entre os séculos XVI e XIX e que figuram o Eldorado para identificar possíveis mudanças, permanências e remodelações do mito neste período. Defendemos a tese de que o desenvolvimento do empirismo e do cientificismo não resultou no apagamento do Eldorado no imaginário, mas gerou novas explicações para a lenda que foram retratadas nos mapas, perpetuando as especulações sobre regiões da Amazônia pouco conhecidas pelos europeus.
Use and Out‐of‐Pocket Cost of Sacubitril‐Valsartan in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Shore Supriya , Basu Tanima , Kamdar Neil , Brady Patrick , Birati Edo , Hummel Scott L. , Chopra Vineet , Nallamothu Brahmajee K.
Published: August 2022

Background

Current guidelines recommend use of sacubitril‐valsartan in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Early data suggested low uptake of sacubitril‐valsartan, but contemporary data on real‐world use and their associated cost are limited.

Methods and Results

This was a retrospective study of individuals enrolled in Optum Clinformatics, a national insurance claims data set from 2016 to 2018. We included all adult patients with HFrEF with 2 outpatient encounters or 1 inpatient encounter with an
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
(
ICD‐10
), diagnosis of HFrEF and 6 months of continuous enrollment, also receiving β‐blockers and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers within 6 months of HFrEF diagnosis. We included 70 245 patients with HFrEF, and 5217 patients (7.4%) received sacubitril‐valsartan prescriptions. Patients receiving care through a cardiologist compared with a primary care physician alone were more likely to receive sacubitril‐valsartan (odds ratio, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.52–1.71]). Monthly out‐of‐pocket (OOP) cost for sacubitril‐valsartan, compared with angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, was higher for both commercially insured patients (mean, $69 versus $6.74) and Medicare Advantage (mean, $62 versus $2.52). For patients with commercial insurance, OOP cost was lower in 2016 than in 2018. For patients with Medicare Advantage, there was a significant geographic variation in the OOP costs across the country, ranging from $31 to $68 per month across different regions, holding all other patient‐related factors constant.

Conclusions

Sacubitril‐valsartan use was infrequent among patients with HFrEF. Patients receiving care with a cardiologist were more likely to receive sacubitril‐valsartan. OOP costs remain high, potentially limiting use. Significant geographic variation in OOP costs, unexplained by patient factors, was noted.
Age and Sex Differences and Temporal Trends in the Use of Invasive and Noninvasive Procedures in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Tran Vu Hoang , Mehawej Jordy , Abboud Donna M. , Tisminetzky Mayra , Hariri Essa , Filippaios Andreas , Gore Joel M. , Yarzebski Jorge , Goldberg Jordan H. , Lessard Darleen , Goldberg Robert
Published: August 2022

Background

Few studies have examined age and sex differences in the receipt of cardiac diagnostic and interventional procedures in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction and trends in these possible differences during recent years.

Methods and Results

Data from patients hospitalized with a first acute myocardial infarction at the major medical centers in the Worcester, Massachusetts, metropolitan area were utilized for this study. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine age (<55, 55–64, 65–74, and ≥75 years) and sex differences in the receipt of echocardiography, exercise stress testing, coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary interventions, and coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and trends in the use of those procedures during patients' acute hospitalization, between 2005 and 2018, while adjusting for important confounding factors. The study population consisted of 1681 men and 1154 women with an initial acute myocardial infarction who were hospitalized on an approximate biennial basis between 2005 and 2018. A smaller proportion of women underwent cardiac catheterization, percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary artery bypass graft surgery, while there were no sex differences in the receipt of echocardiography and exercise stress testing. Patients aged ≥75 years were less likely to undergo cardiac catheterization, percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary artery bypass graft surgery, but were more likely to receive echocardiography compared with younger patients. Between 2005 and 2018, the use of echocardiography and coronary artery bypass graft surgery nonsignificantly increased among all age groups and both sexes, while the use of cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention increased nonsignificantly faster in women and older patients.

Conclusions

We observed a continued lower receipt of invasive cardiac procedures in women and patients aged ≥75 years with acute myocardial infarction, but age and sex gaps associated with these procedures have narrowed during recent years.
Incidence of Stroke in Randomized Trials of COVID-19 Therapeutics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nagraj Sanjana , Varrias Dimitrios , Hernandez Romero Gabriel , Santos Heitor T. , Karamanis Dimitrios , Sagris Dimitrios , Korompoki Eleni , Milionis Haralampos , Palaiodimos Leonidas , Ntaios George
Published: August 2022

Background:

COVID-19 has been frequently associated with an increased risk of thrombotic complications. There have also been reports of an increased likelihood of stroke, although its true incidence in patients with COVID-19 is currently unknown.

Methods:

Electronic databases PubMed and Scopus were searched from inception up to July 30, 2021 to identify randomized controlled studies in patients with confirmed COVID-19 undergoing one or more interventions. Studies were screened for eligibility using a predefined inclusion criterion and selected using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A random-effects model meta-analysis was conducted, and heterogeneity was assessed using I-squared test.

Results:

Out of 3960 potentially eligible articles, 77 randomized studies (38 732 patients) were included. Mean age of the study population was 55±9.3 years. Females constituted 38% of the study population and mean duration of follow-up after study enrollment was 23±12.9 days. Cumulative incidence of stroke in the overall study population was 0.001 (95% CI, 0.001–0.002) with a total of 65 events in 38 732 patients, corresponding to an absolute incidence of 0.168%. Incidence of stroke in the inpatient population was 0.001 (95% CI, 0.001–0.002; 65 events in 37 069 patients), corresponding to an absolute incidence of 0.175%. No strokes were observed in the outpatient setting.

Conclusions:

The overall incidence of stroke in patients with COVID-19 appears to be lower than that reported in previous observational reports.
An Analytical Psychology Conceptualisation of Psychosis in Modern Psychiatry
Authors: Howe Andrew John , Demjaha Arsime
Published: August 2022

Analytic formulation and contribution to treatment of psychotic disorders have little application in modern psychiatry. The medical model, largely based on psychopharmacology and biological conceptualisation of illness, particularly dominates the treatment of psychosis. While many analysts have worked with patients in psychotic states, it is rare to find analytic approaches to psychosis within the national health service (NHS) in the UK. We feel this a detriment to a sometimes difficult to treat patient group. Jung spent his early working years devoted to patients with psychosis at the Burgholzli hospital in Zurich. Later on in his career, Jung had personal experience of psychotic symptoms, interacting with visions and voices within his own mind, that are noted in his posthumous Red Book. Jung is, therefore, arguably one of the most experienced analysts and depth psychologists in the realm of psychosis. In this paper we describe Jung’s in-depth psychological approach to the genesis of psychosis. We then discuss parallels with our contemporary understanding of the aetiology of psychosis. Our aim is to highlight the importance of an analytical approach and thinking in a) understanding the aetiology and b) contribution to treatment of such a complex and intractable disorder as psychosis.
From “Angry Mobs” to “Citizens in Anguish”: The Malleability of the Protest Paradigm in the International News Coverage of the 2021 US Capitol Attack
Authors: Kananovich Volha
Published: August 2022

This study tests the robustness of the “protest paradigm”—a routinized, predominantly negative pattern in covering social protest—by examining the news coverage of the 2021 US Capitol attack in eight countries that vary in the nature of their political regime and geopolitical standing, with democratic US allies United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, France, Australia on one side, and authoritarian adversaries Russia, China, and Iran on the other. Based on a computer-assisted analysis of 3,579 news articles, the study shows that rather than operating as a rigid template, the protest paradigm offers national media a malleable set of journalistic devices that can be appropriated to construct the meaning of disruptive global events in a way that reproduces dominant domestic ideologies and advances the ruling elites’ geopolitical interests. In addition to theoretical contribution, the study offers a novel empirical finding to the literature on protest coverage by providing evidence of national media not simply deviating from, but explicitly violating the protest paradigm. As demonstrated by the analysis of the Russian press, rather than delegitimizing the January 6 attackers by making light of their agenda and emphasizing their unruly behavior—which could be expected from coverage consistent with the protest paradigm—the Russian state-owned media trivialized the brutality of the attack by opting for cues with less violent connotations and elevated the legitimacy of the protesters’ actions by framing them as valid demands by politically minded citizens unjustly prosecuted for concerns about the integrity of electoral process.
An Analysis of National Hockey League Playoff Games and City-Level Crime Counts
Authors: Block Kristina , Kaplan Jacob
Published: August 2022

Past research indicates that when professional sports games are played, crime increases. Yet, little is known about how playoff games affect crime. As many criminal events associated with sports games, such as riots, occur during playoff games, this is an important gap in the literature. Using data from 15 National Hockey League (NHL) teams from 2013 through 2019, we examine how assault, disorder, and property crimes change when playoff games are played at home relative to when they are played away. We find that during home games there are 7% more disorder crimes and 4% more property crimes than during away games which suggests that city responses to playoff hockey games should prioritize crime reduction strategies to improve public safety.
Mediating the Bullying-to-Delinquency Transition With Peer Delinquency and Cognitive Insensitivity
Authors: Walters Glenn D. , Runell Lindsey , Kremser Jonathan
Published: August 2022

This study sought to determine whether peer delinquency, cognitive insensitivity, and/or their interaction mediated the transition from bullying perpetration to delinquency. Data from 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) organized into three waves were subjected to path analysis, with peer delinquency and cognitive insensitivity as parallel mediators. Results revealed that cognitive insensitivity successfully mediated the relationship between Wave 1 bullying perpetration and Wave 3 participant delinquency, whereas peer delinquency and the peer × insensitivity interaction did not. It would seem that involvement in bullying behavior may lead to a rise in antisocial thinking of the neutralization/moral disengagement type and that this thinking, referred to in this study as cognitive insensitivity, may then stimulate future involvement in delinquent behavior.
Testing the Evidentiary Value of Police Body-Worn Cameras in Misdemeanor Court
Authors: Todak Natalie , Gaub Janne E. , White Michael D.
Published: August 2022

We test whether the presence of police body-worn camera (BWC) evidence impacts case filing, processing, and outcomes, using data from over 50,000 misdemeanor cases charged in the Tempe, Arizona municipal city court (2014–2017). BWCs did not affect case flow but did affect processing and outcomes for most cases. Traffic and drug/alcohol cases involving a BWC were processed more quickly, while traffic and person offense cases with a BWC were less likely to be adjudicated guilty. Defendant and officer demographics were correlated with case processing time and outcomes, but BWCs did not reduce racial/ethnic disparities for any outcomes. BWCs appear to affect case processing and outcomes for some case types, but effects are not straightforward and warrant further research.
The Nexus Between Remittance Inflows and Financial Development in India: Substitutes or Complements?
Authors: Deheri Abdhut
Published: August 2022

This article investigates the relationship between remittance inflows and financial development in India from 1980 to 2018. The study employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Vector Error Correction (VEC) models to capture the short and long-run dynamics. In addition, the impulse response function (IRF) and forecast error variance decomposition (FEVD) analysis were utilised to understand the dynamic reaction of financial development to a given shock to remittance inflows and other variables. The results of the ARDL model reveal that remittances negatively influence financial development in the short run, while they positively influence it in the long run. The IRF analysis shows that financial development responds positively to one standard positive shock to remittance inflows. The FEVD analysis further reveals that shocks to remittance inflows explain around 30% to 32% of the total variation in financial development. From a policy standpoint, the findings suggest that well-framed policies should be formulated and implemented to encourage more remittance flows through formal channels. It will boost financial development, economic growth and also increase the other developmental effects of remittances on the economy.

JEL Codes: C32, F22, F37
A revisit for the diagnosis of the hollow ball screw conditions based classification using deep learning
Authors: Huang Yi-Cheng , Chuang Ting-Hsueh , Lin Chia-Jung
Published: August 2022

Hollow ball screws play a vital role in high-quality precision manufacturing, in which sensors are used to obtain useful data. The use of artificial intelligence to determine the condition of machines is a major trend, and installing multiple sensors on relevant objects may be prohibitively expensive. This study compares a machine learning method based on a support vector machine (SVM) with deep learning methods. In the machine learning strategy, built-in signals from internal parameters are used to determine the condition of the hollow ball screw. Rather than using a graphics processing unit (GPU), feature engineering and then Fisher’s score were applied to determine the most representative parameters from fusion sensor signals to perform SVM classification. For the deep learning method, a GPU was employed instead of data cleaning; a long- and short-term memory (LSTM) network and hybrid convolutional neural network (CNN) and an LSTM network were used to automatically extract effective features and then perform classification. Thus, the deep learning approach enabled classification of one-dimensional (1D) and multidimensional data sets, through which users can obtain suitable configurations for various sensors according to cost and other requirements for classification accuracy. We compared the accuracies of the LSTM, CNN–LSTM, and SVM models by using multiple datasets. The 3D LSTM model with current, rpm, and additional linear scale signals provided good synergy for feature extraction and resulted in the maximum accuracy close to the highest accuracy of the supervised fine-tuned SVM model by using current signal. Datasets that are unrepresentative according to FE analysis may be useful in deep learning. The advantages of using a deep learning model without feature extraction relative to those of SVM learning was investigated.
“Well, What’s Wrong with the Whites?”: A Conversation Starter on Raising Expectations for Inservice Professional Development on Race with White Teachers
Authors: Pollock Mica , Matschiner Andrew
Published: August 2022

In an era of increased demand for antiracist inservice professional development (PD) and pushback against it, antiracist PD needs evidence of strong outcomes and a high bar for success. To this end, in this conversation starter, we ask how often inservice PD addressing race and racism with White educators really expects participants to demonstrate next steps to grapple with race issues toward improving educational opportunities for their students—the field’s actual ideal. We describe self-critically how it can be quite easy to have low expectations for White teachers’ inservice development particularly, by failing to really expect sustained inquiry into supporting students better.
The Light Bulb Went on: A Historiography-Based Approach to Disentangling Audio Description’s Influential U.S. Roots From Its Common Practices
Authors: Koirala Sajja , Oppegaard Brett
Published: August 2022

Introduction: American media-accessibility pioneers in the 1970s and 1980s not only sparked interest in the academic study of audio description, they also originated many practical techniques, protocols, theoretical perspectives, guidelines, and standards that persist in the fabric of this type of work decades later. In this study, we located and analyzed source documents for two oft-mentioned innovators—Gregory Frazier and Margaret Pfanstiehl—to shine light on their individual perspectives through a historiography of their foundational writings and associated media. Method: This analysis was conducted on publicly available source documents, such as Frazier’s landmark thesis and also included a trove of Pfanstiehl’s personal correspondence, as a way to establish particular points of theoretical and historical interest. Results: We found that despite the prominent place of Frazier and Pfanstiehl in audio description lore, neither actually published much writing about what they did and why they did it. Some of what they wrote has been selectively repeated, but other parts have been forgotten. In that respect, this research method could be used to more precisely trace and identify where particular practices emerged, under which theoretical perspectives, and complications. It also can help to show how these ideas were documented and tested during their emergence and domestication, as a way to gauge procedural rigor as well as validity of related findings. Discussion: Audio description scholarship needs theoretical anchors, but it also needs systematic testing of assumptions inherent in those theoretics, which this study helps to identify. Implications for Practitioners: Audio describers invariably will encounter the moment when an assertion of “this is the way we do it” collides with the curiosity of “why?” To promote best practices, the field has to understand where practices came from, how they developed, and as Frazier recommended, put those ideas to “objective” tests.
A randomized crossover study on the physiological arousal reducing effects of music in forensic psychiatry
Authors: Nijman Henk , Jakobs Anne , Waters Mike , Osborne Nigel , Moerbeek Mirjam , Herstel Arjan , de Looff Peter
Published: August 2022

Listening to music can have a calming effect on people, but the natural “consumption” of music is generally not used in a goal-oriented way to reduce physiological arousal (i.e., heart rate and skin conductance) and tension, and to enhance mood. X-System is designed to predict the innate neurophysiological response to pieces of music and influence the arousal levels of users. We hypothesized that listening to a preferred genre of music has beneficial physiological and psychological effects and that X-System had an effect over and above the use of preferred music genres. A small-scale study ( N = 38) was conducted in a medium secure forensic psychiatric facility to investigate the effects of passive music therapy on the arousal, tension, and mood of patients and their caregivers. Participants listened to a selection of songs of their preferred music genre for 2 days. On one of the 2 days, the music selection was played in an order established by X-System, with the aim to maximally reduce arousal, whereas on the other day the music selection was played in random order. In both conditions, physiological indices and self-reported tension decreased after listening to the preferred music. The hypothesized accelerated reduction in skin conductance for the X-System playlist was evident on visual inspection of the data, but the trend was non-significant ( p = .065). The use of personalized music in forensic psychiatry might be a relatively effective, inexpensive way to benefit patients and staff members, especially patients that are hesitant to engage in the more traditional therapies.
Freeway Incident Diversionary Behavior as a Measure of Transportation Network Resilience
Authors: Bawankule Saurabha , Gudishala Ravindra , Wilmot Chester , Wolshon Brian
Published: August 2022

Traffic flow disruptions caused by road incidents reduce the performance of transportation networks. Under such conditions, drivers often attempt to reduce delay by diverting to alternate paths, redistributing trips to less congested routes. In the absence of route guidance information, the speed and efficiency of network recovery are most significantly influenced by driver familiarity with a network and, in particular, its daily variability. The goal of this study was to propose metrics and a general formula to relate driver diversionary behavior during incidents to assess resulting actions and conditions from the perspective of network resiliency. Another key objective of the work was to assess the applicability of routine traffic volume data collected by the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LA DOTD) for assessing both driver adaptation and local network resiliency during incidents. The findings from the study suggest that resiliency during incident conditions is not a fixed value for a facility but varies depending on the severity of the incident, opportunities for travel diversion, and the actions of network managers.
All Things Are Like a Horse, or Radical Posthumanism: A Daoist Ethics for the Anthropocene and Beyond
Authors: Liao Sebastian Hsien-hao
Published: August 2022

This article explores how Chinese Daoist thought can address the need of an ethics that can cope with “the Anthropocene.” It explores the similarities between Daoist thought and posthumanist theories which arose partially as a response to the challenges of the Anthropocene. And it examines how Daoist thought can radicalize posthumanist thinking by means of an ethics based on a genuinely flat ontology that treats all things, human and nonhuman, as equal.
Fatigue analysis of high-pressure hydrogen storage vessel based on optimum autofrettage pressure
Authors: Enqi Wu , Shiheng Zhang , Weipu Xu , Yin Mei , Yue Chen
Published: August 2022

To improve the fatigue performance of high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels, a method is proposed to determine the optimal autofrettage pressure of the vessel using numerical simulation and experimental verification. First, a finite element model considering the actual structure of the vessel is established based on grid theory. Then, the effect of autofrettage pressure on the equivalent alternating stress amplitude of liner under cyclic fatigue load is studied by using the modified equation of Smith–Watson–Topper mean stress. Lastly, the optimum autofrettage pressure is determined according to the DOT-CFFC and CGH2R standards, and the fatigue life is predicted. The results show that under the optimum autofrettage pressure, the bearing capacity of the liner under working pressure and the fatigue life under fatigue cycle load are increased by 74% and 12 times, respectively. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical simulation results, with an average error of 6.3%. This research has important reference significance for the preliminary design stage of composite vessels.
How Do Churches Equip Their Disciple-Makers? A Case Study of Four Baptist Churches in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Botross Peter
Published: August 2022

This article reports the findings of an investigation into the frameworks deployed by Baptist churches to equip their disciple-makers. Australian Baptist churches are declining in equipping their members for work of ministry. To date, investigations into equipping disciplers in local churches are rarely addressed in the literature. Through qualitative case studies, this research investigated equipping frameworks deployed in four Victorian Baptist churches. The data were collected through interviews, nonparticipant observations, and document analysis to explicate pastors' and disciplers' perceptions of their church-based equipping frameworks. Schiro’s (2013) comprehensive classification of curriculum ideologies was deployed to analyse and categorise churches’ equipping frameworks.
The Role of Minority Stressors in Digital Dating Abuse Victimization and Perpetration among Sexual Minority Men
Authors: Yang Jackie , Parent Mike C. , Johnson Nicole L.
Published: August 2022

Digital dating abuse (DDA), a manifestation of intimate partner violence (IPV), is becoming more relevant. Despite elevated rates of IPV among sexual minority individuals and increased experiences of DDA, research has focused largely on face-to-face forms of IPV (e.g., physical assault) among presumed heterosexual couples. The minority stress theory offers a lens through which we can understand the elevated rates of IPV, including DDA, among sexual minority individuals. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of minority stressors in DDA victimization and perpetration among sexual minority men. A sample of 491 cisgender gay and bisexual men ( Mage = 31.35, SDage = 11.60) was recruited online. Consistent with prior research, discrimination was associated positively with internalized homophobia (IHP). Discrimination and IHP were directly linked to DDA victimization and perpetration. Indirect effect from discrimination to DDA victimization and perpetration, mediated by IHP, were significant. This study highlights the relationship between minority stressors and DDA among sexual minority men and indicates the need for more work on DDA among marginalized groups including sexual and gender minorities.