bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG specific antibodies among healthcare workers in the Northern Metropolitan Area of Barcelona, Spain, after the first pandemic wave
Authors: Barallat Jaume , Fernández-Rivas Gema , Quirant-Sánchez Bibiana , González Victoria , Doladé Maria , Martinez-Caceres Eva , Piña Monica , Matllo Joan , Estrada Oriol , Blanco Ignacio
Published: December 2020

Background

The rapid spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) around the world has caused a global pandemic, infecting millions of individuals, with an unprecedented impact in health care systems worldwide. Healthcare workers are one of the risk groups that need to be well protected, due to their strategic role in patient management, presently and in prevention of healthcare needs for future outbreaks. Here, we present the results of the first SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study in the Northern Metropolitan Area of Barcelona, Spain.

Methods

IgG SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were analyzed in serum samples from 7563 healthcare workers of the Northern Metropolitan Area of Barcelona. Samples were collected after the first pandemic wave (from May 4th to May 22nd, 2020) and were analyzed by automated chemiluminescence assays. All samples were tested for IgG anti-S1/S2. Participant samples with negative or equivocal results but with analytical signals above the limit of detection and/or previously confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis were also tested for IgG anti-Nucleocapsid.

Results

A total of 779 of 7563 (10.3%) healthcare workers were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG (specific for either S1/S2 or N antigens). No significant differences were observed between those working at primary care or at the reference hospital. Interestingly, among 341 participants with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, 36 (10.55%) tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 IgG (both S1/S2 and recombinant N antigen).

Conclusion

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in the healthcare workers of the North Metropolitan Area of Barcelona was higher than in the general population in the same geographical area. Safety measures have to be stressed in order to protect these essential workers from future pandemic waves.
Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, household transmission, and lethality of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection among healthcare workers in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Schwartz Kevin L. , Achonu Camille , Buchan Sarah A. , Brown Kevin A. , Lee Brenda , Whelan Michael , Wu Julie HC , Garber Gary
Published: December 2020

Introduction

Protecting healthcare workers (HCWs) from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a priority to maintain a safe and functioning healthcare system. Our objective was to describe and compare the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and lethality of SARS-CoV-2 infections among HCWs compared to non-HCWs.

Methods

Using reportable disease data at Public Health Ontario, we conducted a population-based cross-sectional study comparing demographic, exposure, and clinical variables between HCWs and non-HCWs with SARS-CoV-2 infections as of 30 September 2020. We calculated rates of infections over time and determined the frequency of within household transmissions using natural language processing based on residential address. We evaluated the risk of death using a multivariable logistic regression model adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, symptoms, and long-term care home exposure.

Results

There were 7,050 (12.5%) HCW SARS-CoV-2 infections in Ontario, Canada, of whom 24.9% were nurses, 2.3% were physicians, and the remaining 72.8% other specialties, including personal support workers. Overall HCWs had an infection rate of 1,276 per 100,000 compared to non-HCWs of 346 per 100,000 (3.7 times higher). This difference decreased from a 7 times higher rate in April to no difference in September 2020. Twenty-six percent of HCWs had a household member with SARS-CoV-2 infection; 6.8% were probable acquisitions, 12.3% secondary transmissions, and 6.9% unknown direction of transmission. Death among HCWs was 0.2% compared to 6.1% of non-HCWs. The risk of death in HCWs remained significantly lower than non-HCWs after adjustment (adjusted odds ratio 0.09; 95%CI 0.05–0.17).

Conclusion

HCWs represent a disproportionate number of diagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infections in Ontario, however this discrepancy is at least partially explained by limitations in testing earlier in the pandemic for non-HCWs. We observed a low risk of death in HCWs which could not be completely explained by other factors.
Association of Anopheles sinensis average abundance and climate factors: Use of mosquito surveillance data in Goyang, Korea
Authors: Jang Jin Young , Chun Byung Chul
Published: December 2020

Malaria is a vector-borne disease transmitted by Anopheline mosquitoes. In Korea, Plasmodium vivax malaria is an endemic disease and the main vector is Anopheles sinensis. Plasmodium vivax malaria is common in the northwestern part of South Korea, including in the city of Goyang in regions near the demilitarized zone. This study aimed to identify the best time-series model for predicting mosquito average abundance in Goyang, Korea. Mosquito data were obtained from the Mosquito Surveillance Program of the Goyang Ilsanseogu Public Health Center for the period 2008–2012. Black light traps were set up periodically in a park, a senior community center, and a village community center, public health center, drainage pumping station, cactus research center, restaurant near forest, in which many activities occur at night. In total, 9,512 female mosquitoes were collected at 12 permanent trapping sites during the mosquito season in the study period. Weekly An. sinensis average abundance was positively correlated with minimum grass temperature (r = 0.694, p < 0.001), precipitation (r = 0.326, p = 0.001). The results showed that seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) (1,0,0)(0,0,1)21 with minimum grass temperature variable at time lag0 weeks and the precipitation variable at time lag1 weeks provided that best model of mosquito average abundance. The multivariate model accounted for about 54.1% of the mosquito average abundance variation. Time-series analysis of mosquito average abundance and climate factors provided basic information for predicting the occurrence of malaria mosquitoes.
sRNATargetDigger: A bioinformatics software for bidirectional identification of sRNA-target pairs with co-regulatory sRNAs information
Authors: Ye Xinghuo , Yang Zhihong , Jiang Yeqin , Yu Lan , Guo Rongkai , Meng Yijun , Shao Chaogang
Published: December 2020

Identification of the target genes of microRNAs (miRNAs), trans-acting small interfering RNAs (ta-siRNAs), and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) is an important step for understanding their regulatory roles in plants. In recent years, many bioinformatics software packages based on small RNA (sRNA) high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and degradome sequencing data analysis have provided strong technical support for large-scale mining of sRNA-target pairs. However, sRNA-target regulation is achieved using a complex network of interactions since one transcript might be co-regulated by multiple sRNAs and one sRNA may also affect multiple targets. Currently used mining software can realize the mining of multiple unknown targets using known sRNA, but it cannot rule out the possibility of co-regulation of the same target by other unknown sRNAs. Hence, the obtained regulatory network may be incomplete. We have developed a new mining software, sRNATargetDigger, that includes two function modules, “Forward Digger” and “Reverse Digger”, which can identify regulatory sRNA-target pairs bidirectionally. Moreover, it has the ability to identify unknown sRNAs co-regulating the same target, in order to obtain a more authentic and reliable sRNA-target regulatory network. Upon re-examination of the published sRNA-target pairs in Arabidopsis thaliana, sRNATargetDigger found 170 novel co-regulatory sRNA-target pairs. This software can be downloaded from http://www.bioinfolab.cn/sRNATD.html.
Surface texture limits transfer of S. aureus, T4 bacteriophage, influenza B virus and human coronavirus
Authors: Liu Qi , Brookbank Lindsey , Ho Angela , Coffey Jenna , Brennan Anthony B. , Jones Christopher J.
Published: December 2020

Spread of pathogens on contaminated surfaces plays a key role in disease transmission. Surface technologies that control pathogen transfer can help control fomite transmission and are of great interest to public health. Here, we report a novel bead transfer method for evaluating fomite transmission in common laboratory settings. We show that this method meets several important criteria for quantitative test methods, including reasonableness, relevancy, resemblance, responsiveness, and repeatability, and therefore may be adaptable for standardization. In addition, this method can be applied to a wide variety of pathogens including bacteria, phage, and human viruses. Using the bead transfer method, we demonstrate that an engineered micropattern limits transfer ofStaphylococcus aureusby 97.8% and T4 bacteriophage by 93.0% on silicone surfaces. Furthermore, the micropattern significantly reduces transfer of influenza B virus and human coronavirus on silicone and polypropylene surfaces. Our results highlight the potential of using surface texture as a valuable new strategy in combating infectious diseases.
The first national survey of antimicrobial use among dentists in Japan from 2015 to 2017 based on the national database of health insurance claims and specific health checkups of Japan
Authors: Ono Akane , Ishikane Masahiro , Kusama Yoshiki , Tanaka Chika , Ono Sachiko , Tsuzuki Shinya , Muraki Yuichi , Yamasaki Daisuke , Tanabe Masaki , Ohmagari Norio
Published: December 2020

Purpose

To counter the global health threat of antimicrobial resistance, effective antimicrobial stewardship programs are needed to improve antimicrobial use (AMU) among dentists in addition to physicians. This study aimed to investigate the nationwide epidemiology of AMU among Japanese dentists to facilitate the development of dentist-centered programs.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective population-based study using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan to analyze the AMU among Japanese dentists between 2015 and 2017. AMU was quantified as the defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitants per day (DID). The trends in dentist-prescribed AMU were examined according to antimicrobial category and administration route. We also compared outpatient oral AMU between dentists and physicians as well as between on-site and off-site dispensing.

Results

The DID values of dentist-prescribed AMU were 1.23 in 2015, 1.22 in 2016, and 1.21 in 2017. During this study period, outpatient oral antimicrobials comprised the majority (approximately 99%) of dentist-prescribed AMU, and cephalosporins were the most frequently prescribed antimicrobials (>60% of all antimicrobials). The DID values of outpatient oral AMU were 1.21 for dentists and 12.11 for physicians. The DID value for on-site dispensing was 0.89 in 2017, in which cephalosporins were the predominantly used antimicrobials (DID: 0.60).

Conclusions

Interventions that target dentists in Japan should focus on on-site dispensing of oral antimicrobials (especially cephalosporins) for outpatients. Further studies are needed to ascertain the underlying factors of oral cephalosporin prescriptions to guide the development of effective antimicrobial stewardship programs.
Differential effects of visual versus auditory biofeedback training for voluntary postural sway
Authors: Hasegawa Naoya , Takeda Kenta , Mancini Martina , King Laurie A. , Horak Fay B. , Asaka Tadayoshi
Published: December 2020

Augmented sensory biofeedback training is often used to improve postural control. Our previous study showed that continuous auditory biofeedback was more effective than continuous visual biofeedback to improve postural sway while standing. However, it has also been reported that both discrete visual and auditory biofeedback training, presented intermittently, improves bimanual task performance more than continuous visual biofeedback training. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relative effectiveness of discrete visual biofeedback versus discrete auditory biofeedback to improve postural control. Twenty-two healthy young adults were randomly assigned to either a visual or auditory biofeedback group. Participants were asked to shift their center of pressure (COP) by voluntary postural sway forward and backward in line with a hidden target, which moved in a sinusoidal manner and was displayed intermittently. Participants were asked to decrease the diameter of a visual circle (visual biofeedback) or the volume of a sound (auditory biofeedback) based on the distance between the COP and the target in the training session. The feedback and the target were given only when the target reached the inflection points of the sine curves. In addition, the perceptual magnitudes of visual and auditory biofeedback were equalized using Stevens’ power law. Results showed that the mean and standard deviation of the distance between COP and the target were reduced int the test session, removing the augmented sensory biofeedback, in both biofeedback training groups. However, the temporal domain of the performance improved in the test session in the auditory biofeedback training group, but not in the visual biofeedback training group. In conclusion, discrete auditory biofeedback training was more effective for the motor learning of voluntarily postural swaying compared to discrete visual biofeedback training, especially in the temporal domain.
The potential of tumour microenvironment markers to stratify the risk of recurrence in prostate cancer patients
Authors: Gevaert Thomas , Van Eycke Yves-Rémi , Vanden Broeck Thomas , Van Poppel Hein , Salmon Isabelle , Rorive Sandrine , Muilwijk Tim , Claessens Frank , De Ridder Dirk , Joniau Steven , Decaestecker Christine
Published: December 2020

The tumour micro-environment (TME) plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). Here we studied the potential of a selected panel of TME-markers to predict clinical recurrence (CLR) in PCa. Patient cohorts were matched for the presence or absence of CLR 5 years post-prostatectomy. Tissue micro-arrays (TMA) were composed with both prostate non-tumour (PNT) and PCa tissue and subsequently processed for immunohistochemistry (IHC). The IHC panel included markers for cancer activated fibroblasts (CAFs), blood vessels and steroid hormone receptors ((SHR): androgen receptor (AR), progesterone receptor (PR) and estrogen receptor (ER)). Stained slides were digitalised, selectively annotated and analysed for percentage of marker expression with standardized and validated image analysis algorithms. A univariable analysis identified several TME markers with significant impact on CR: expression of CD31 (vascular marker) in PNT stroma, expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) in PCa stroma, and PR expression ratio between PCa stroma and PNT stroma. A multivariable model, which included CD31 expression (vascular marker) in PNT stroma and PR expression ratio between PCa stroma and PNT stroma, could significantly stratify patients for CLR, with the identification of a low risk and high-risk subgroup. If validated and confirmed in an independent prospective series, this subgroup might have clinical potential for PCa patient stratification.
Toxoplasma gondii PPM3C, a secreted protein phosphatase, affects parasitophorous vacuole effector export
Authors: Mayoral Joshua , Tomita Tadakimi , Tu Vincent , Aguilan Jennifer T. , Sidoli Simone , Weiss Louis M.
Published: December 2020

The intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii infects a large proportion of humans worldwide and can cause adverse complications in the settings of immune-compromise and pregnancy. T. gondii thrives within many different cell types due in part to its residence within a specialized and heavily modified compartment in which the parasite divides, termed the parasitophorous vacuole. Within this vacuole, numerous proteins optimize intracellular survival following their secretion by the parasite. We investigated the contribution of one of these proteins, TgPPM3C, predicted to contain a PP2C-class serine/threonine phosphatase domain and previously shown to interact with the protein MYR1, an essential component of a putative vacuolar translocon that mediates effector export into the host cell. Parasites lacking the TgPPM3C gene exhibit a minor growth defect in vitro, are avirulent during acute infection in mice, and form fewer cysts in mouse brain during chronic infection. Phosphoproteomic assessment of TgPPM3C deleted parasite cultures demonstrated alterations in the phosphorylation status of many secreted vacuolar proteins including two exported effector proteins, GRA16 and GRA28, as well as MYR1. Parasites lacking TgPPM3C are defective in GRA16 and GRA28 export, but not in the export of other MYR1-dependant effectors. Phosphomimetic mutation of two GRA16 serine residues results in export defects, suggesting that de-phosphorylation is a critical step in the process of GRA16 export. These findings provide another example of the emerging role of phosphatases in regulating the complex environment of the T. gondii parasitophorous vacuole and influencing the export of specific effector proteins from the vacuolar lumen into the host cell.
Key interplay between the co-opted sorting nexin-BAR proteins and PI3P phosphoinositide in the formation of the tombusvirus replicase
Authors: Feng Zhike , Kovalev Nikolay , Nagy Peter D.
Published: December 2020

Positive-strand RNA viruses replicate in host cells by forming large viral replication organelles, which harbor numerous membrane-bound viral replicase complexes (VRCs). In spite of its essential role in viral replication, the biogenesis of the VRCs is not fully understood. The authors identified critical roles of cellular membrane-shaping proteins and PI(3)P (phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate) phosphoinositide, a minor lipid with key functions in endosomal vesicle trafficking and autophagosome biogenesis, in VRC formation for tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV). The authors show that TBSV co-opts the endosomal SNX-BAR (sorting nexin with Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs- BAR domain) proteins, which bind to PI(3)P and have membrane-reshaping function during retromer tubular vesicle formation, directly into the VRCs to boost progeny viral RNA synthesis. We find that the viral replication protein-guided recruitment and pro-viral function of the SNX-BAR proteins depends on enrichment of PI(3)P at the site of viral replication. Depletion of SNX-BAR proteins or PI(3)P renders the viral double-stranded (ds)RNA replication intermediate RNAi-sensitive within the VRCs in the surrogate host yeast and in planta and ribonuclease-sensitive in cell-free replicase reconstitution assays in yeast cell extracts or giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). Based on our results, we propose that PI(3)P and the co-opted SNX-BAR proteins are coordinately exploited by tombusviruses to promote VRC formation and to play structural roles and stabilize the VRCs during viral replication. Altogether, the interplay between the co-opted SNX-BAR membrane-shaping proteins, PI(3)P and the viral replication proteins leads to stable VRCs, which provide the essential protection of the viral RNAs against the host antiviral responses.
Runx proteins mediate protective immunity against Leishmania donovani infection by promoting CD40 expression on dendritic cells
Authors: Akhtar Md. Naushad , Mishra Manish , Yadav Vinod , Yadav Manisha , Gujar Ravindra , Lal Sunaina , Kumar Raj , Khatri Neeraj , Sen Pradip
Published: December 2020

The level of CD40 expression on dendritic cells (DCs) plays a decisive role in disease protection during Leishmania donovani (LD) infection. However, current understanding of the molecular regulation of CD40 expression remains elusive. Using molecular, cellular and functional approaches, we identified a role for Runx1 and Runx3 transcription factors in the regulation of CD40 expression in DCs. In response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) or antileishmanial drug sodium antimony gluconate (SAG), both Runx1 and Runx3 translocated to the nucleus, bound to the CD40 promoter and upregulated CD40 expression on DCs. These activities of Runx proteins were mediated by the upstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway. Notably, LD infection attenuated LPS- or TNFα-induced CD40 expression in DCs by inhibiting PI3K-Akt-Runx axis via protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1. In contrast, CD40 expression induced by SAG was unaffected by LD infection, as SAG by blocking LD-induced SHP-1 activation potentiated PI3K-Akt signaling to drive Runx-mediated CD40 upregulation. Adoptive transfer experiments further showed that Runx1 and Runx3 play a pivotal role in eliciting antileishmanial immune response of SAG-treated DCs in vivo by promoting CD40-mediated type-1 T cell responses. Importantly, antimony-resistant LD suppressed SAG-induced CD40 upregulation on DCs by blocking the PI3K-Akt-Runx pathway through sustained SHP-1 activation. These findings unveil an immunoregulatory role for Runx proteins during LD infection.
A dual-therapy approach for the treatment of biofilm-mediated Salmonella gallbladder carriage
Authors: Sandala Jenna L. , Eichar Bradley W. , Kuo Laura G. , Hahn Mark M. , Basak Akash K. , Huggins William M. , Woolard Katherine , Melander Christian , Gunn John S.
Published: December 2020

Asymptomatic carriage of Salmonella Typhi continues to facilitate the transmission of typhoid fever, resulting in 14 million new infections and 136,000 fatalities each year. Asymptomatic chronic carriage of S. Typhi is facilitated by the formation of biofilms on gallstones that protect the bacteria from environmental insults and immune system clearance. Here, we identified two unique small molecules capable of both inhibiting Salmonella biofilm growth and disrupting pre-formed biofilm structures without affecting bacterial viability. In a mouse model of chronic gallbladder Salmonella carriage, treatment with either compound reduced bacterial burden in the gallbladder by 1–2 logs resulting in bacterial dissemination to peripheral organs that was associated with increased mortality. Co-administration of either compound with ciprofloxacin not only enhanced compound efficacy in the gallbladder by a further 1–1.5 logs for a total of 3–4.5 log reduction, but also prevented bacterial dissemination to peripheral organs. These data suggest a dual-therapy approach targeting both biofilm and planktonic populations can be further developed as a safe and efficient treatment of biofilm-mediated chronic S. Typhi infections.
Engaging young people in the co-design of a brand and online platform for a public health organization
Authors: Khoo Cassandra , Reay Stephen , Potter Eden , Brownlie Zoe , Tamanui-Fransen Moeawa
Published: December 2020

This article explores how co-design was used to engage young people in the design of a new brand identity and online platform for the Auckland District Health Board’s Peer Sexuality Support Programme (PSSP). Unlike conventional branding practices that do not generally engage users as co-creators in the early discovery stages of the design process, in this research young people were brought into the design process as informants and co-designers. This drove both brand strategy and touchpoint design, positioning the brand to be better accepted by the young people involved in the programme. A series of discovery and evaluation co-design workshops, with a diverse range of PSSP youth leaders, offered game-like interactive activities and the opportunity for open discussions. Engaging young people in fun and meaningful ways helped them uncover and share insights that could only be possible by directly involving them in the design process. The outputs of this co-designed brand – FRANK – incorporated a full visual identity and a proposal for an online platform. The final brand design elicited strong positive responses from PSSP youth leaders, highlighting the importance of involving young people in the design of products and services that address issues affecting them.
Syncphonia: Understanding the value of participatory design in developing music technology to support musical ensembles that use notation
Authors: Hughes Ed , Eldridge Alice , Kiefer Chris
Published: December 2020

The benefits of ensemble performance are well recognized; notation supports group performance, but cuts in music education and changing musical cultures mean that notation is increasingly perceived as a barrier to entry. In an extended participatory design (PD) project, we co-designed and developed a software system for networked notation called Syncphonia with the aim of enhancing access to and experience of notation-based ensemble performance. In previous work, our formal evaluation and informal observations and feedback revealed a wide range of benefits. In this article, we are concerned with articulating the knowledge generated and insights gained through this extended PD process. To do so, we employ a framework for systematic reflection that has been designed to support investigation into the tacit knowledge generated in participatory design. Through this method, we focus inward and share three insights into the value of networked notation in contemporary musical cultures; we also look outward and articulate five approaches to PD with musical ensembles that might benefit others adopting this rich research method. A pluralistic and inclusive vision of notation is espoused and speculation is submitted that a dynamic, networked notation might ameliorate the boundaries between composing, improvising and performing to the benefit of all three.
A televisão como arma: projeções sobre modelos de operação e do uso do meio no filme Murder by television (1935)
Authors: Busetto Áureo
Published: December 2020

Busca-se aqui compreender historicamente um filme hollywoodiano de suspense – lançado em 1935 nos EUA e distribuído no Brasil a partir de meados do ano seguinte –, cuja trama apresenta, de forma inusitada, a televisão como arma para assassinato. Nele, pioneiramente, se contempla a disputa de emissoras de televisão e um “governo estrangeiro” pela tecnologia de transmissão de tevê aberta. Ademais, cenas e textos/diálogos de Murder by television expressam, de forma direta ou metafórica, visões e apreciações acerca de modelos de operação e do uso da nascente televisão. Todas engendradas em meio a fatos e processos atinentes à propriedade e ao funcionamento da televisão aberta, bem como à produção e veiculação de seus conteúdos, quer nos EUA quer em alguns países europeus.
Ensaio:
Authors: José Ferreira Clayton
Published: December 2020

Neste texto, será debatida a hipótese de que o ensaio, enquanto gênero de escrita vai ao encontro de uma possibilidade (entre muitas outras) de constituição da escrita da história no início do século XX brasileiro: a necessidade de narrar não somente a partir de elementos lógico-formais, mas também de perspectivas estéticas, sensoriais e afetivas. Será dado foco particular à análise dos ensaios Retrato do Brasil: ensaio sobre a tristeza brasileira (1928) de Paulo Prado (1869-1943) e a Bahia de Outrora: vultos e fatos populares (1916) de Manuel Querino (1851-1923). Para a reflexão acerca dos diversos matizes do ensaio, especialmente na América Latina, serão abordados os trabalhos de João Barrento, Andrea Targino da Silva e Lidinei R. Silva, Pedro Duarte, Fernando Nicolazzi e Liliana Weinberg, além de Adorno e Lukács.
A Revolução Cultural Chinesa Impressa:
Authors: Martins de Oliveira Beatriz , Diana da Silva Victor Henrique
Published: December 2020

O uso da imprensa em sala de aula tornou-se frequente na disciplina de História. No universo que compreende a imprensa, a utilização do jornal como recurso didático exige o cuidado de considerá-lo não apenas como ilustração para o conteúdo, mas fundamentalmente, como narrativa produzida nas relações de poder que perpassam sua produção e circulação. Sendo assim, a partir de leituras de matérias do “Jornal do Brasil”, entre as décadas de 1960 e 1970, serão analisadas as matérias sobre a “Revolução Cultural Chinesa” (1966-1976), para propor reflexões sobre leituras críticas e distanciadas do tema tal como tratado pelo jornal, ou seja, como pode ser empreendido em sala de aula. Com esse trabalho, pretende-se uma abordagem acerca do uso de fonte impressa no Ensino Médio, analisando sua dificuldade e as possibilidades de superá-las, levando em consideração que o jornal não é isento ideologicamente, mas assume um ponto de vista e uma posição política sobre questões do seu tempo. Esta comunicação é resultado dos trabalhos desenvolvidos nas disciplinas de PIPE no curso de graduação em História na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia.
Vidas Insignes:
Authors: Araújo Cabral Cleber
Published: December 2020

Propõe-se a leitura de um conjunto de documentos localizados nos arquivos pessoais dos escritores Murilo Rubião (1916-1991) e Fernando Sabino (1923-2004), ambos alocados no Acervo de Escritores Mineiros, sediado na UFMG. Trata-se de dois grupos de fichas de arquivo, elaboradas pelos dois escritores como registro de dados acerca de pessoas (editores, escritores, jornalistas, políticos) que formavam suas redes de contatos. Cada uma das fichas contém as seguintes informações: nome completo o indivíduo; tipo de relação estabelecida por Sabino e Rubião com a pessoa (amigo, conhecido, colaborador); especificação das atividades exercidas (às vezes, seguidas de adjetivos de valor); endereço pessoal e telefone de contato; relação de livros de Rubião e Sabino remetidos à pessoa; especificação de gaveta e/ou pasta do arquivo rubiano ou sabiniano em que se encontra(va)m situados cartas, fotografias ou outros documentos relacionados à figura em questão. Assim, com o gesto de explorar esse material, intenta-se mostrar que além de se apresentarem como uma cartografia das relações de sociabilidade empreendidas por Fernando Sabino e Murilo Rubião, estas fichas, “autenticas” ficções do arquivo, apresentam-se como uma peculiar antologia de vidas insignes – isto é, de existências rearranjadas em discursos, personas, signos.
Museus e seus Públicos:
Authors: França Cyntia Simioni , Ferreira dos Santos Maíra Wencel
Published: December 2020

Neste artigo, apresenta-se uma experiência formativa desenvolvida em uma disciplina no curso de História da Universidade Estadual do Paraná com estudantes do quarto ano em uma visita realizada, no ano de 2019, ao Museu Municipal Deolindo Mendes Pereira, localizado em Campo Mourão, Paraná. (PR). A experiência formativa provocou estranhamentos e deslocamentos de perspectivas. Os estudantes, ao entrarem em contato com as narrativas do museu e com os objetos expostos, foram estimulados a ressignificar os objetos a partir das suas experiências de vida. Foi possível perceber leituras plurais, provocadas a partir de atividades formativas de produção do conhecimento histórico de forma compartilhada, dialógica e interativa (FRISCH, 2016). Os procedimentos teórico-metodológicos dessas experiências pautaram-se no diálogo entre os sujeitos, estudantes, e objeto, artefato museológico (THOMPSON, 1981), no entrecruzamento de tempos e espaços e na interface com a história pública.

Palavras-chave: Museu. Formação. História pública.
Perspectivas sobre os processos transmidiáticos e o Grupo de Pesquisa Games, Educação, Mídia e Sentido (GEMS)
Authors: Camargo Aline Cristina , Magnoni Antonio Francisco , Giroto Rosa Luciane de Fátima , Ribeiro Elaine Regiane Damaceno , Azevedo Janaina Leite de , Santos Sillas Carlos dos , Leite Wellington César Martins , Miranda Giovani Vieira
Published: December 2020

Na primeira parte deste artigo fazemos um breve relato histórico sobre o surgimento dos meios de comunicação e organização do trabalho, da força convergente possibilitada pela informática e seus desdobramentos socioculturais. Na segunda parte, um resumo dos objetivos de cada um dos subgrupos que formam o GEMS e suas relações com os processos transmidiáticos. Formado por profissionais das mais diversas áreas, os estudos empreendidos no grupo seguem a linha de Gestão Midiática e Tecnológica do programa de pós-graduação em Mídia e Tecnologia da Faculdade de Arquitetura, Artes e Comunicação (FAAC) UNESP de Bauru/SP.
Liga da Justiça:
Authors: Paiva Rodrigo Sérgio Ferreira , Rocha Júnior Dario Brito , Peixoto João Guilherme de Melo
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo estuda o lançamento da Zack Snyder’s Justice League, anunciada para 2021. Trata-se da visão inicial do diretor para o longa-metragem Liga da Justiça (2017), marcado por conflitos de bastidores e pela interferência da Warner Bros. (WB) no controle criativo do projeto. Através do ativismo do consumidor prosumer[1], estratégias de marketing foram utilizadas para reivindicar a proposta original da obra. Com o referencial teórico de autores como Shirky (2011), Rheingold (1996) e Jenkins (2014), verifica-se a hipótese de que o anúncio foi uma resposta estratégica ao fã para promover o HBO Max, novo serviço de streaming do estúdio. A extensão da adaptação fílmica para a plataforma caracteriza o produto como uma narrativa transmidiática, que contribui para a compreensão do universo narrativo da DC Films e suas controvérsias.
The Economy of the Pandemic: A Far Eastern Russian Aspect
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Minakir Pavel
Published: December 2020

The article presents continuation of analysis of national and international aspects in assessment of economic after-effects of a new corona virus pandemic. It analyzes the finance and economy performance for 11 months of 2020 with a stress on specific economic situation in the Far Eastern Federal Okrug (FEFO, district). It regards a basic difference in the pandemic situation between overall Russia and its Far East. The author notes that the macro region demonstrates a tighter balance between the load and the available reserves in primary health care (medical and social) as compared to Russia overall. Estimated and assessed are economic losses related to the pandemic in the key structural segments of the Far Eastern Russia economy (industry, budgets, foreign trade, labour market, construction). Variance of program indicators is considered. The following most meaningful lines of the pandemic influence on the Far East economy have been identified: curtailing output and revenue from a stop-over or even exit from the market; scaling-down production after a fall in demand; decreasing value of exports with closing borders; falling foreign market demand and falling mineral resource extraction; an upswing rise in prices caused by shrinking imports; a growing shortage of manpower from closed borders; growing expenses and decreasing tax revenues for regional budgets. Three larger FEFO economy sectors are described as to their losses from the pandemic: the bigger sector (almost 2/3 of the entire economy) is formed by the types of economic activity that have lost and are still losing revenue and those that have reduced turnover following the shrinking demand; 13% of the economy have suffered from a spring lock-down; approximately 20% of the economy are either winners or those neutral to the situation
Approaches to Assessing the Level of Digitalization and Global E-commerce Policy Choices
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russian APEC Study Center, Aliev Timur ,   Russian Foreign Trade Academy, Ismagilova Olga ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russian APEC Study Center,   Russian Foreign Trade Academy, Popova Veronika ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russian APEC Study Center,   Russian Foreign Trade Academy
Published: December 2020

Digital technologies and their role in global economic development have been increasing the past two decades. Digitalization has changed many aspects of human society. It had a significant impact on business processes in international trade, reducing costs, increasing the value and speed of cross-border transactions. E-commerce is becoming the most important engine for economic growth. The article examines new digitalization trends in the context of the international trade development. Among the key trends caused by digitalization and affecting international trade, it highlights the following: 1) expanding of globally e-commerce sales and the world marketplaces turnover; 2) increasing the value of international trade in ICT goods and services, and digitally-deliverable services; 3) growth of world exports in services by mode 1 of supply, i.e. cross border supply. The problem of assessing the level of digitalization of the economy and its impact on trade is becoming more and more urgent. Many leading international organizations including OECD, WTO, IMF, UNCTAD are working on developing universal approaches to the formation of terminology in the field of digitalization of trade, measuring digital trade and classifying economic sectors depending on the level of digitalization. The study draws particular attention to these issues. The authors have systematized an extensive list of international indices. The first cluster includes indices characterizing the level of e-commerce markets development. The second cluster contains indices that assess the development of information and communication technologies. Finally, the third cluster of indices assesses penetration of digital technology into economy and life. Indices that assess digital trade policy measures were also examined
Once Again about National Program for Socio-Economic Development of Far East Russia
Authors:   Academician RAS, Doctor of Sciences (Geography), Professor, Research Supervisor, Tulokhonov Arnold , Mikheeva Anna ,   Baikal Institute of Nature Management SB RAS, Bardakhanova Taisiya ,   Baikal Institute of Nature Management SB RAS
Published: December 2020

The article critically evaluates the contents of the adopted National Program for Socio-Economic Development of Far East Russia for the period up to 2024 and as far as 2035. Specific examples indicate both inaccuracy in some data and the declarative nature of the tasks set in the absence of mechanisms for their implementation and scientific justification (when determining the priorities for the forest industry, mining, agricultural production, trunk infrastructure and transport accessibility, as well as the development of public health services, education and science). There is shown a lack of detail in sections describing the state of soft infrastructure and the standard of living of the indigenous peoples of the region, the reaction of the region unique in terms of natural environment, to global environmental challenges. It is stressed that the federal government is still orienting the economy of Far East Russia to extraction of mineral resources: under a great number of fields involved in the economic turnover there is even no mention of a need for complete processing of raw materials and launching production in these fields to obtain finished high-tech export products except gas chemistry. The authors conclude that it is necessary to adjust the National Program in terms of the main parameters in accordance with National Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, with the realities and effects of the current foreign and domestic policy of the Russian Federation
High-speed machining parametric optimization of 15CDV6 HSLA steel under minimum quantity and flood lubrication
Authors: Khawaja A.H. , Jahanzaib M. , Cheema T.A.
Published: December 2020

High-speed machining (HSM) maintains a high interest in the preparation of metal parts for optimum results, but with the application of HSM, the sustainability issue becomes important. To overcome the problem, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) during HSM is one of the innovative and challenging tasks during conventional cutting (milling) to improve quality, productivity, and strength under the umbrella of sustainability. The objective of this research is to achieve sustainable machining by simultaneously optimizing sustainable machining drivers during the HSM of 15CDV6 HSLA steel under MQL and flood lubrication. The response surface methodology has been applied for the development of mathematical models and selecting the best combination of process parameters to optimized responses, i.e. surface roughness, material removal rate, and strength. Optimization associated with sustainability produced compromising optimal results (Min. Ra 0.131 µm, Max. MRR 0.64 cm3/min, and Max. ST 1132 MPa) at the highest cutting speed 270 m/min and the lowest feed rate 0.09 mm/rev and depth of cut 0.15 mm under MQL. The comparative investigation exposed that significant improvement in Ra (1.1-16.6 %) and ST (1.3-2.3 %) of the material using MQL has been witnessed and gives a strong indication that MQL is the best substitute than the flood lubrication. The scientific contribution of the approach is to develop mathematical models under MQL and flood lubrication that will aid practitioners to choose input parameters for desired responses without experimentations. The work would be beneficial in the field of aviation, defense, and aeronautical applications due to the excellent mechanical properties of 15CDV6 HSLA steel.
Evolutionary game of green manufacturing mode of enterprises under the influence of government reward and punishment
Authors: Awaga A.L. , Xu W. , Liu L. , Zhang Y.
Published: December 2020

Green production mode is an advanced manufacturing mode. However, due to the environmental externality of green production, it is different for a pure market mechanism to promote the evolution of green operation mode of manufacturing enterprises. Government regulation is very important. This paper establishes an evolutionary game model of whether manufacturing enterprises choose to implement green production mode when the government implements two different mechanisms of reward and punishment. Considering the complexity of strategy selection of enterprises' green production behaviour under market competition, the method constructs the simulation analysis model of enterprises' green product production behaviour with multi-subject participation. We can simulate the influence of these factors on the strategic choice of both parties (enterprises and governments) by changing the different influence factors, and studying the evolutionary law of different government guidance and regulation strategies on the production behaviour of green products. These factors include government incentives, penalties, reputations, costs, differences in the cost of implementing green production on the corporate side, corporate reputation, and false rewards or penalties. By the computer implementation of multi-subject modelling, the results show that enterprises' green product production behaviour needs the government's guidance and regulation. When formulating relevant policies, the government should combine various guidance and regulation strategies and fully consider the influence of market competition.
Due date optimization in multi-objective scheduling of flexible job shop production
Authors: Ojstersek R. , Tang M. , Buchmeister B.
Published: December 2020

The manuscript presents the importance of integrating mathematical methods for the determination of due date optimization parameter for maturity optimization in evolutionary computation (EC) methods in multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSSP). The use of mathematical modelling methods of due date optimization with slack (SLK) for low and total work content (TWK) for medium and high dimensional problems was presented with the integration into the multi-objective heuristic Kalman algorithm (MOHKA). The multi-objective optimization results of makespan, machine utilization and due date scheduling with the MOHKA algorithm were compared with two comparative multi-objective algorithms. The high capability and dominance of the EC method results in scheduling jobs for FJSSP production was demonstrated by comparing the optimization results with the results of scheduling according to conventional priority rules. The obtained results of randomly generated datasets proved the high level of job scheduling importance with respect to the interdependence of the optimization parameters. The ability to apply the presented method to the real-world environment was demonstrated by using a real-world manufacturing system dataset applied in Simio simulation and scheduling software. The optimization results prove the importance of the due date optimization parameter in highly dynamic FJSSP when it comes to achieving low numbers of tardy jobs, short job tardiness and potentially lower tardy jobs costs in relation to short makespan of orders with highly utilized production capacities. The main findings prove that multi-objective optimization of FJSSP planning and scheduling, taking into account the optimization parameter due date, is the key to achieving a financially and timely sustainable production system that is competitive in the global market.
Odpowiedzialność kościelnych osób prawnych za czyny pedofilskie duchownego – wyrok na miarę precedensu. Uwagi w sprawie wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 31 marca 2020 r., sygn. II CSK 124/19
Authors: Borecki Paweł
Published: December 2020

The judgment of March 31, 2020, file ref. II CSK 124/19, has great social and legal significance. It is the first Supreme Court ruling concerning the civil liability of church legal entities for pedophilic acts committed by a clergyman. The Supreme Court shared the view of the Court of Appeal accepting the liability of church legal persons in the light of all the facts of the case of Art. 430 of the Civil Code (culpability in supervision). However, it convincingly distanced itself from the position of the District Court (court of first instance) that liability under Art. 429 of the Civil Code (culpability in choice) should be taken into consideration. In the justification of the judgment, the Supreme Court conducted a thorough analysis of the premises for the civil liability of church legal persons for the activities of a religious person subordinate to them. In particular, it stated that if the perpetrator acts for personal gain and the performance of the official activity enables him to cause damage, the superior cannot effectively raise the objection that the subordinate caused said damage only in the performance of the entrusted tasks. Thus, the Supreme Court upheld the interpretation of Art. 430 of the Civil Code, assuming the liability of legal persons for damage caused by a subordinate. It distinctly applied this liability to church legal entities. When appointing the adjudication panel of the Supreme Court, impartiality was preserved. On the other hand, doubts are raised regarding the Court’s neutrality in terms of world-view in some parts of its judgment justification. The judgment of March 31, 2020 must be assessed as brave and just. It has the chance to set the course of judicial decisions in matters of the liability of religious legal persons for pedophilic acts committed by clergy acting under their supervision. The justification of the judgment is understandably critical towards the perpetrator and church legal persons superior to him, and also sometimes towards the provisions of the Code of Canon Law. It should be emphasized, however, that the judgment is not an “indictment” against the Catholic Church as such, and even less so against religion.