bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulasi Penentuan Kebutuhan Daya Pompa Pada Sistem Transpor Bahan Pangan Cair Dengan Menggunakan Parameter Reologi Susu Kental Manis
Authors: Ratna Ratna , Darwin Darwin , Mechram Siti
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAK. Simulasi penentuan kebutuhan pompa energi pada sistem bahan makanan transfer cair dengan menggunakan parameter software hasil krim reologi kental manis. Software ini dapat digunakan untuk menentukan energi pompa yang dibutuhkan oleh sistem transfer krim kental manis sehingga tidak terjadinya produk lompat dan gelembung yang menghancurkan krim kental manis. Sehingga pada saat dipasarkan, produk tidak lagi menarik dan baik untuk dikonsumsi. Sebelum melakukan simulasi dengan program komputer, dibutuhkan data viskositas (kekentalan) parameter reologi krim kental manis. Hal ini diperlukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh parameter reologi untuk energi pompa yang diperlukan oleh sistem transfer krim kental manis. Dari simulasi diperoleh gambaran yang baik lebih untuk merancang suatu sistem transfer krim kental manis di salah satu pabrik pengolahan.A Simulation to Determine the Requirement of Pump Power on Transport System for Liquid Food Material using Rheology Parameter of Sweetened Condensed MilkABSTRACT. A simulation using a software to determine the requirement of pump power on transport system for liquid food material using rheology as parameter for sweetened condensed milk. The software was able to determine the pump energy required by a transfer system of sweetened condensed milk in order to prevent the occurrence of the product jump and the effervescence. The effervescence would destroy the cream of sweetened condensed milk, so at the time of marketing, the product was no longer in good condition to consume. Before conducting simulation using computer program, viscosity data of sweetened condensed milk was required to know the influence parameter of rheology on pump power required by a transport system of sweetened condensed milk. From the simulation, a more good description was obtained to design a transfer system of sweetened condensed milk at one particular factory.
Intersepsi Curah Hujan Pada Tegakan Pohon Pinus (Casuarina cunninghamia)
Authors: Chairani Susi , Jayanti Dewi Sri
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAK. Proses tertahannya curah hujan di atas tajuk vegetasi dikenal dengan istilah intersepsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengukuran intersepsi, air lolos (throughfall), dan aliran batang (stemflow) pada tegakan pohon pinus (Casuarina cunninghamia) pada kelas umur 7, 15 dan 30 tahun. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kawasan Taman Hutan Raya, Seulawah, Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Bahan dan alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah alat penakar curah, gelas ukur, pita ukur, klinometer, dan perangkat lunak Microsoft Excel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa umur pohon berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap besarnya jumlah air lolos (throughfall) dan aliran batang (stemflow). Diameter pohon berpengaruh secara signifikan untuk besarnya jumlah air lolos (throughfall) dan aliran batang (stemflow). Umur pohon sangat mempengaruhi tingkat kepadatan tajuk dimana semakin lebat tajuk pohon maka intersepsi semakin besar. Bentuk daun pinus yang berbentuk jarum yang tumbuh dengan rapat juga mempengaruhi intersepsi.Rainfall Interception On The Stands of Pine Tree (Casuarina cunninghamia)ABSTRACT. The process of rainfall retention above the canopy of vegetation is known as interception. This study aimed to measure interception, throughfall, and stemflow on pine trees (Casuarina cunninghamia) at different ages 7, 15 and 30 years old, respectively. This research was conducted in the area of Taman Hutan Raya, Seulawah, Aceh Besar. Materials and tools used in this study were an automatic raingauge, measuring cups, measuring tape, clinometer, and Microsoft Excel software. Based on the research, the results showed that the age of the tree had significantly influenced the throughfall and stemflow. The tree’s diameter had significant influence on the large amount of throughfall and stemflow. The tree’s age greatly affected the density of tree canopy. The more dense the tree canopy, then the greater interception the tree had. The pine needle-shaped leaves densely grew that influenced the interception.
Penyimpanan Vakum Buah Nangka Segar (Artocarpus Heterophyllus L.) Terolah Minimal Menggunakan Kemasan Plastik Polipropilen
Authors: Ratna Ratna , Yusmanizar Yusmanizar , Maifani Amelia
Published: June 2023

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh suhu penyimpanan dan lama penyimpanan terhadap mutu simpan buah nangka segar terolah minimal (minimally processing) yang dikemas dalam kemasan vakum. Buah nangka terolah minimal yang dikemas dengan kemasan vakum plastik polipropilen mampu bertahan selama 8 hari penyimpanan dibandingkan tanpa dikemas hanya mampu bertahan 4 hari penyimpanan. Perlakuan terbaik yang mampu mempertahankan mutu buah nangka masak yang terolah minimal dalam kemasan vakum polipropilen adalah perlakuan penyimpanan pada suhu 10 ᴼC. Nilai susut bobot sebesar 11,63%, tekstur sebesar 0,06 Kg/cm2, total padatan terlarut (TPT) sebesar 17,74 ᴼBrix dan vitamin C sebesar 2,99%. Hasil uji organoleptik terhadap aroma, tekstur, rasa, warna dan kesegaran buah nangka masak terolah minimal yang paling disukai oleh panelis adalah perlakuan pada penyimpanan pada suhu 10 ᴼC.Abstract. The objective of this research is to find out the influence of storage temperature and the length of storage towards the quality of minimally processing of fresh jackfruit that packaged in a vacuum polypropylene plastic. The minimally processing of fresh jackfruit that stored in a vacuum polypropylene plastic remained good for 8 days, whereas the unpacked only remained for 4 days. The best treatment to maintain the quality of fresh jackfruit that minimally processed in a vacuum polypropylene plastic was at temperature of 10 ᴼC. The weight loss was 11,63%, texture was 0,06 kg/cm2, total of dissolved solid was 17,74 ᴼBrix, and C vitamin was 2,99%. The results of the organoleptic tests on aroma, texture, flavor, color, and the freshness of minimally processed of jackfruit that panelists liked the most was the treatment at storage temperature of 10 ᴼC.
Pengemasan Manisan Kolang-Kaling Basah (Arenga pinnata L.) dengan Bahan Kemas Plastik dan Botol Kaca pada Penyimpanan Suhu Ruang
Authors: Safriani Novi , Novita Melly , Sulaiman Ismail , Ratino Wenny
Published: June 2023

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jenis kemasan terbaik yang dapat mempertahankan mutu manisan kolang-kaling (Arenga pinnata L.) basah selama penyimpanan pada suhu ruang.  Pada penelitian ini telah dikaji pengaruh jenis kemasan (plastik polipropilen (PP), botol plastik polipropilen (PP), dan botol kaca) dan lama penyimpanan (0, 5, 10, dan 15 hari) terhadap mutu manisan kolang-kaling basah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manisan kolang-kaling basah dengan mutu terbaik berdasarkan uji organoleptik dan kimia diperoleh dari kombinasi perlakuan manisan kolang-kaling basah yang dikemas menggunakan botol kaca dan lama penyimpanan 5 hari pada suhu ruang dengan karakteristik sebagai berikut: kadar air 35,75%, kadar gula 50,56 mg/L, kadar total asam 0,16%, nilai pH 4,40, total mikroba 0,34 CFU/ml, nilai organoleptik warna 3,83; aroma 3,90; dan tekstur 3,87. Wet ‘Kolang-Kaling’ Sweets (Arenga pinnata L.) Packaging Using Plastic Material and Glass Jar in Room Temperature Storage Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine the best type of packaging to maintain the quality of wet “kolang-kaling”(Arenga pinnata L.) sweets during storage at the room temperature. The effects of the type of packaging (polypropylene plastic (PP), polypropylene plastic cup (PP),and  glass jar (jam jar)), and storage duration (0, 5, 10, and 15 days) on the quality of the wet “kolang-kaling” sweets were investigated.The results showed that the best quality of the wet “kolang-kaling” sweets based on the organoleptic and chemical analysis obtained from the  wet “kolang-kaling” sweets were packed by using glass jars, and storage of 5 days at room temperature with the following characteristics: water content of 35,75%, sugar content of 50,56 mg/L, total acid content of 0,16%, pH value of 4,40, the total microbial of 0,34 CFU/ml. The organoleptic value of the best treatment: color of 3,83; flavor of 3,90; texture of 3,87.
Uji Kinerja Mesin Sortasi Jeruk Sistem Rotasi untuk Penyortiran Jeruk Siam Pontianak (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa)
Authors: Setiawan Budi , Suhendra Suhendra
Published: June 2023

Abstrak. Salah satu kegiatan pascapanen yang cukup menyita waktu adalah proses sortasi jeruk siam pontianak (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa) di Kabupaten Sambas. Selama ini proses sortasi ditingkat petani masih dilakukan secara manual dimana tingkat keseragaman ukuran dan tingkat kematangan rendah, standar mutu berubah-ubah dan kapasitas penyortiran rendah. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut melalui penelitian ini dikembangkan rancang bangun mesin sortasi jeruk sistem rotasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan uji kinerja pada mesin sortasi jeruk sistem rotasi untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecepatan linier bidang sortasi, kemiringan bidang sortasi dan massa input buah pada mesin. Pengujian mesin dilakukan dengan 4 perlakuan kecepatan linier bidang sortasi (0,54 m/s, 0,70 m/s, 0,82 m/s dan 1,09 m/s), 3 perlakuan kemiringan bidang sortasi (10o, 20o, dan 30o) dan 3 perlakuan massa input buah jeruk (2 kg, 3 kg dan 4 kg). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa massa input buah jeruk dan kecepatan linier bidang sortasi memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja mesin sortasi ini, sedangkan kemiringan bidang sortasi berpengaruh tetapi tidak signifikan. Hasil uji kinerja terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan massa input 2 kg, kemiringan bidang sortasi 10o dan kecepatan linier bidang sortasi 1,09 m/s dengan nilai kapasitas penyortiran 1,84 kg/menit atau 110,4 kg/jam dan efisiensi penyortiran 68 %. Performance Testing of Citrus Sorting Machine with Rotation System to Sorting Pontianak Siam Citrus (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa)Abstract. One of postharvest  activities that required much time are sorting in Sambas district. The sorting process is still done manually, where the level of uniformity of size and currently their maturity level are including the low of the quality standard fickle and sorting capacity. To overcome these problems, a study was developed to design citrus sorting machine with rotation system. This study aims to test the performance of the citrus sorting machine with rotation system and to determine the effect of linear velocity of sorting, incline angle and  the input mass of citrus. Performance testing was conducted  with 4 linear velocity sorting (0,54 m/s, 0,70 m/s, 0,82 m/s and 1,09 m/s), 3 incline angle (10o, 20o and 30o) and 3 input mass of citrus (2 kg, 3 kg and 4 kg). The test results showed that the input mass of citrus and linear velocity sorting have a significant influence on the performance of the sorting machine, while the incline angle has an effect but did not significantly. The best performance test results was obtained on 2 kg of mass, 10o of incline angle and 1,09 m/s linear velocity of sorting which resulted 1,84 kg/min or 110,4 kg/h of sorting capacity and 68 % of sorting efficiency.
2008 Chinese Milk Products Crisis
Authors: Basyamfar Rini Ariani
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Milk is one of the most important food products for children’s growth and overall health.  Melamine (2,4,6-triazine-1,3,5-triamino) is an organic compound used in the manufacture of pesticides, plastics, sanitizers, and disinfectants.  Melamine when added to milk increases the overall amount of nitrogen in the milk thus fooling common tests for protein content.  Melamine is also extremely harmful when ingested, especially for young children.  Sanlu, one of China's largest dairy producers, diluted their milk products with water and added then added melamine to fool the protein tests. Consumption of milk containing melamine in amounts greater than 1 mg/kg can cause kidney failure, bladder cancer and death.  Testing milk using the LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS methods can reveal melamine contamination. Further actions that can be implemented to reduce milk adulteration include product traceability, corporate transparency, 100% product testing procedures and consistent enforcement of the law. 2008 Krisis Produk Susu ChinaAbstrak. Susu merupakan salah satu produk pangan yang paling penting untuk pertumbuhan anak-anak dan kesehatan. Melamin (2,4,6-triazina-1,3,5-triamino) adalah senyawa organik yang digunakan dalam pembuatan pestisida, plastik, pembersih, dan disinfektan. Melamin ketika ditambahkan ke susu meningkatkan jumlah keseluruhan nitrogen dalam susu sehingga mengelabui tes umum untuk kandungan protein. Melamin juga sangat berbahaya bila tertelan, terutama untuk anak-anak. Sanlu, salah satu produsen susu terbesar di China, mengencerkan produk susu mereka dengan air dan menambahkan melamin untuk mengelabui tes protein. Konsumsi susu yang mengandung melamin dalam jumlah yang lebih besar dari 1 mg/kg dapat menyebabkan gagal ginjal, kanker kandung kemih dan kematian. Pengujian susu menggunakan LC-MS/MS dan metode GC-MS/MS dapat mengungkapkan kontaminasi melamin. Tindakan lebih lanjut yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengurangi pemalsuan susu antara lain penelusuran produk, transparansi perusahaan, 100% prosedur pengujian produk dan penegakan hukum yang konsisten.
1975-1980 YILLARI ARASI ÇALIŞAN KADINLARIN HAK VE MÜCADELELERİ: KADINLARIN SESİ DERGİSİ MÜLAKATLARI
Authors: ALTUNTAŞ Zeynep Berra
Published: June 2023

İşçi hareketlerinde artışın başladığı 1970’li yıllar, ülkede aynı zamanda her ailenin geçim sıkıntısı ile savaştığı bir dönem olmuştur. Tek maaşın bir ev kirasını bile karşılamadığı yıllarda ev ekonomisine katkı için kadınlar da işçi, memur fark etmeksizin çalışmaya başlamışlardır. Bu noktada işverenlerin bir sömürü politikası gütmesi, erkek ve kadın işçiye aynı işi verdiği halde kadına daha düşük bir ücret ödemesi, kadın işçiyi aşağı görmesi ve kadının “annelik” sorumluluklarını yerine getirmesinin önüne geçilmek istenmiştir. Türkiye Komünist Partisi (TKP) bünyesinde 3 Haziran 1975’te İstanbul’da İlerici Kadınlar Derneği (İKD)’nin kuruluş amacı da bu sömürüye karşı gelmek olmuştur. Dernek, kadın işçiye destek olmuş, kampanyalar, imza çalışmaları ve gazetelerle emekçi kadınların haklarını savunmuştur. Mülakat yoluyla şikâyet ve düşüncelerini dinlemiş ve mücadelelerinde onların yanında durmuştur. Çalışmanın amacı; Kadınların Sesi Dergisi mülakatlarını göz önünde bulundurarak 1970’lerin ikinci yarısında çalışan kadınların hangi zorluklarla mücadele ettiği ve artan işçi eylemlerinin yanı sıra sendikalaşmayla beraber haklarını nasıl savunduklarını yakından inceleyerek dönemin problemleri hakkında detaylı bilgi sahibi olmaktır. Araştırmanın temelinde Kadınların Sesi Dergisi mülakatları esas alınmış olup işçi kadınların beyanları vasıtasıyla dönemin şartları emekçi kadınların perspektifinden genel hatlarıyla incelenmiştir.
Ethnopharmacology
Authors: Nerkar Amit Gajanan , Nagarkar Rushikesh P.
Published: June 2023

This editorial article provides a comprehensive overview of the medicinal use of plants in traditional medicinal practices with a focus on ethnopharmacology. The article begins with an introduction about the importance of researching traditional medicines and the challenges of researching these medicines. The authors also emphasize the importance of respecting indigenous knowledge and cultural diversity. Overall, this review demonstrates the potential of Ayurvedic, Homeopathy, Nutraceuticals, Allopathy and herbal medicines as a source of valuable health information and emphasizes the importance of further research in this area.
A systematic review on application of nano-carriers loaded with drug in the treatment of neurological disorders
Authors: Shaikh Afroj Ayyaj , Anbhule Sachin Jalinder , Raykar Meghana H
Published: June 2023

The central nervous system disorders represent a worldwide public health problem. Neuro-degeneration is associated with many transitions in brain including synaptic disorder and neuro-cognition decline. It is shielded by a barrier which controls the entry of compounds into the brain known as blood brain barrier (BBB), there by regulating brain homeostasis. In achieving a therapeutic amount of drug to the proper site of action in the body and then maintaining the desired amount of drug concentration for a sufficient time interval to be clinically effective for treatment. Particularly, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are becoming further established in the elderly inhabitants of the society. These ailments usually encompass advanced degeneration & neuronal loss, rendering these disorders spread and difficult to treat. There are various types of pharmaceutical approaches to treat the neurological disorders. The drug loaded Nano-carriers are one of them. In this review, we will address the different applications of drug loaded Nano-carriers in the treatment of various neurological disorders. The Nano-carriers developed to enhance drug delivery across the BBB include micelles, exosomes, liposomes, nanotubes, nanoparticle, Nano emulsions, dendrimers, Nano gels, and quantum dots, etc. The recent developments in Nano-carriers’ implementation through size/charge optimization and surface modifications like PE Gylation, targeting delivery, and coating with surfactants have been discussed, and a detailed description of the Nano-scaled pharmaceutical delivery devices employed for the treatment of central nervous system disorders has also been defined. This review provides a brief overview of the variety of carriers employed for central nervous system drug and diagnostic probes delivery.
Formulation and evaluation of medicated herbal syrup of vinca extract
Authors: Nerkar Amit Gajanan , Nagarkar Rushikesh P.
Published: June 2023

Cancer is deadliest disease ever known. Vinca extract has the potential and beneficial in treating various cancer conditions. However, till date no known syrup of Vinca plant or its extract has been formulated. Cancer is a debilitated condition and formulation and evaluation of herbal syrup of alcoholic vinca extract may serve the patient compliance in debilitated condition and ease of administration of the syrup by oral route. The Vinca extract syrup was formulated using alcoholic extract of Vinca. The Vinca extract Syrups are easy to formulate and help overcome many disease states and are patient compliant. This paper deals with the formulation of laboratory scale vinca syrup. Various parameters were evaluated such as PH, viscosity, Density, stability testing. The syrup was found to be stable and ready for technology transfer.
UV spectrophotometric method development and validation for estimation of ketoconazole in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form
Authors: Garad Shruti Satish , Ghurghure Shrishail , Birajdar Shubhangi
Published: June 2023

: For the determination of ketoconazole in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form in accordance with ICH guidelines, a new, economical, precise, sensitive, linear, accurate, and quick UV-Spectrophotometric approach has been developed in Methylene chloride.

The UV-visible spectrum of Ketoconazole was examined to determine its maximum absorption wavelength that is λ max at 255.2 nm. Linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness tested for this procedure.

: Ketoconazole was found to have a maximum absorbance at 255.2 nm. The regression coefficient for the concentration range of 5–25 µg/ml. Ketoconazole. LOD and LOQ were determined to be 0.0225 and 0.75 µg/ml, respectively. The procedure was successfully used on ketoconazole in commercial formulation, and the outcomes were in good agreement with label claims.

Depending on the results, the given method can be successfully applied of Ketoconazole in bulk and Pharmaceutical dosage form.
Formulation and evaluation of herbal syrup of Arjuna extract
Authors: Nerkar Amit Gajanan , Dumbre Rahul Kondaji , Badar Shubhangi
Published: June 2023

Arjuna 's anti-inflammatory properties may be directly related to its anti-cancer properties. Terminalia arjuna bark is commonly known as Arjuna or Arjun bark and is abundant throughout India. This plant contains 15% tannins, triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids, calcium, aluminum and magnesium salts as well as dyes and sugars which are other components of Arjuna. The plant has many therapeutic properties and can treat many ailments, including diseases of the heart and circulatory system. This plant is an excellent hypoglycemic, anticoagulant, hypotensive, antiviral, antithrombotic, antifungal and antibacterial means. The plant's therapeutic properties related to heart health are due to the triterpenoids found in the arjuna plant. Likewise, the flavonoids and tannins naturally present in this herb have anti-cancer properties. This review provides important insight into the therapeutic profile, traditional uses, plant chemistry, and different parts of the plant. Lab-scale formulation was made with herbal syrup and evaluated for several parameters such as pH, viscosity, density, stability testing during formulation evaluation. is a stable and ready-to-know formula. F1, F2, F3 and F4 have been prepared with different amounts of ingredients such as alcohol, sugar and a final amount of syrup. Results show that Herbal Syrup Formula 4 (F4) is more stable than other forms.
El Pinacate volcanic field, Northwest Mexico: An example of a shield cluster
Authors: Cañón-Tapia Edgardo , Jacobo-Bojórquez Rocío A.
Published: June 2023

El campo volcánico El Pinacate, en el noroeste de México, incluye un gran volcán en escudo (Sta. Clara) y más de 400 centros eruptivos, la mayoría de los cuales son conos de ceniza con solo algunos maars, del Pleistoceno y más recientes. Estudios previos de la distribución de esos centros eruptivos han descrito su orientación preferente, prestando poca atención a la identificación de grupos. En este trabajo se combinan varios métodos de análisis para describir la estructura espacial de la distribución. Como resultado, se identifican cuatro estructuras principales, cada una interpretada como un sistema volcánico de larga vida que se ha mantenido activo a lo largo de la historia de la actividad volcánica en la región. La interacción de los ejes de actividad dentro de aquellas estructuras con una falla listrica más antigua que cruza el campo de NW a SE es responsable de la aparente diferencia en la distribución observada en las mitades norte y sur del campo. Las diferencias en la profundidad de la isoterma de Curie también contribuyen a las diferencias observadas en la distribución de los respiraderos en la superficie. Aunque la influencia de los esfuerzos tectónicos es muy importante para controlar la ubicación de la actividad en este campo, en este trabajo mostramos que no es necesario invocar un cambio en la orientación de esos esfuerzos para explicar la evolución de la región.
Lithostratigraphy, lithofacies and deposition conditions of the late Olenekian-middle Anisian Alam Formation in the Nakhlak area, central Iran
Authors: Rezaee Payman , Jooybari Seyedeh Akram , Hosseini Kiamars , Moodi Amin
Published: June 2023

The present study aims to investigate petrography characteristics and sedimental environments of upper Olenekian–middle Anisian deposits of Nakhlak group in the sedimentary-structural zone of central Iran. To this end, a section of these deposits with a thickness of 720 meters was first selected, and 190 samples were taken from this section for preparing thin sections. Also, quantitative and qualitative laboratory tests were performed and 25 samples of sandstone were selected for point counter analysis. The results indicated that the major deposits of this formation are related to siliciclastic, carbonate, and pyroclastic types, which are in the form of two facies associations. The facies association A at the bottom of the studied section with the thickness of 90 meters has a periodicity of clastic, carbonate, and pyroclastic facies. The clastic facies of this association consists of fine-grained sandstone. In addition, the carbonate facies in association A are characterized by two microfacies consisting of intraclast oolitic grainstone and oolitic grainstone. Further, tuffite is the only pyroclastic facies related to association A, which has a laminate structure, cross-bedding lamination, herringbone bedding, and upward-thinning and thickening cycles. The facies association, B which is deposited later, is more in the middle and top part of the section. The facies association B is 660 meters thick and has a periodicity of clastic and limestone facies. Clastic facies of this association includes four lithofacies such as conglomerate, pebble coarse-grained sandstone, medium-grained sandstone to thin layer siltstone and shale. The carbonate facies consists of four microfacies such as sandy intraclastic wackestone and mudstone. Furthermore, slumping structures, cross bedding, turbulence, boudinage structure, and convolute of sediments, along with the effects of erosional channels are observed in facies B. Field and laboratory studies conducted on this succession indicate the structure of facies association A was deposited in a mixed siliciclastic carbonate ramp. Finally, submarine canyons and submarine fan environments were left by increasing the depth of the facies association B in the deep part of sea and turbidity systems.
An automated monitoring system of urban pollution using geochemical and magnetic parameters
Authors: Bautista Francisco , Bautista-Hernández Dorian , Pacheco Aristeo , Goguitchaichvili Avto , Morales Juan , Gallegos-Tavera Ángeles
Published: June 2023

An automated monitoring system of urban pollution using geochemical and magnetic parameters
Nuevos registros de osículos columnares de crinoideos del Pérmico (Cisuraliano temprano) de Chiapas, México
Authors: Huitrón-Vargas Gilberto , Torres-Martínez Miguel A.
Published: June 2023

Se describe una nueva asociación, compuesta por 10 morfoespecies de osículos columnares de crinoideos pertenecientes a ocho morfogéneros diferentes. La biota está compuesta por Cylindrocauliscus fiski, Cyclocaudex cf. plenus, Cyclocaudex costatus, Preptopremnum cf. rugosum, Preptopremnum laeve, Heterostelechus jeffordsi, Cycloscapus laevis, Cyclocaudiculus regularis, Nothrosterigma merum y Cyclogrupera minor. Los ejemplares se encontraron en rocas de la Formación Grupera del Asseliano–Sakmariano (Pérmico inferior), perteneciente a la sucesión del Carbonífero–Pérmico que aflora en la región de Chicomuselo, al sureste del territorio mexicano. Del material descrito, se detectó la primera ocurrencia de C. costatus, P. rugosum, C. laevis y N. merum para Chiapas. Asimismo, destaca el primer registro de N. merum para México, el cual junto con P. rugosum son reportados por primera vez para el Cisuraliano de Norteamérica. Pese a la controversia sobre la utilidad de los osículos de crinoideos como fósiles índice, por sus amplios alcances estratigráficos, fue posible denotar que los taxones descritos, en conjunto, señalaban una edad aproximada del Asseliano–Sakmariano (Cisuraliano temprano), sugerida previamente para la formación. El hallazgo de los osículos, asociados a otros invertebrados marinos filtradores como briozoos y braquiópodos, aunado al tipo de conservación y las características litológicas de las rocas portadoras permitieron establecer que el paleoambiente de depósito se relacionaba con facies de aguas someras de alta energía, bien iluminadas y con un aporte constante de terrígenos. Respecto a la paleobiogeografía, se observa que la distribución de los crinoideos estuvo relacionada con la historia geológica de la región, la cual estuvo influenciada por los cambios oceánicos y continentales ocurridos a raíz de la formación del supercontinente Pangea a finales del Pensilvánico. Esto favoreció el surgimiento de provincialismos genéricos y específicos en Norteamérica.
Primer registro de Columactinastraea formosa Goldfuss, 1829 (Scleractinia) para el Tetis occidental
Authors: León-Olvera Rita Gabriela , Löser Hannes , Sánchez-Beristain Francisco , García-Barrera Pedro
Published: June 2023

En este trabajo se registra por primera ocasión la presencia del coral fósil Columactinastraea formosa Goldfuss, 1829 (Scleractinia) para la parte más occidental del Mar de Tetis. El hallazgo proviene de la Formación Ocozocoautla (Cretácico, Maastrichtiano) del Estado de Chiapas. Los anteriores regis-tros proceden de los territorios actuales de los Emiratos Árabes Unidos (Campaniano y Maastrichtiano) y de diversas localidades europeas (estratos del Coniaciano y Santoniano). El origen paleobiogeográfico de C. formosa y la dispersión de la especie durante el fin del Cretácico Tardío son discutidos.
Trust Mediates Channel Integration And Viral Marketing In Repurchase Intention Golds Saving Products In PT Pegadaian Pringgan Medan
Authors: Pasaribu Romindo M , Tampubolon Frans Y , Matodang Vinsensius
Published: June 2023

Omnichannel is a business model that integrates all sales channels the company owns into one overall system. Viral Marketing is a measure of how much clients can absorb and receive product-related information from social media. Customer trust is a mediating variable to increase customer repurchase intention in using the Pegadaian product. The purposes of this study are: (1) To find out and analyze the direct effect of integration channels (omnichannel), viral marketing, and trust on repurchase intention, (2) To find out and analyze the indirect effects of integration channels (omnichannel) and viral marketing on repurchase intention through customer trust. The number of samples in the study was 170 respondents. The sampling technique was carried out using nonprobability and purposive sampling methods. Data analysis used the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis method with model and structure measurements through Smart-PLS 3.0. The results of this study indicate that (1) omnichannel and viral marketing has a positive and significant effect on trust and repurchase intention. (2) Trust is able to mediate omnichannel and viral marketing channels on repurchase intention customers of Pegadaian Cab Pringgan Medan
Dietary Habits Fluctuations after Immigration: A Focus on University Students Immigrants in the United Kingdom
Authors: Eva Njambi Waithaka
Published: June 2023

As a result to the students’ migration to foreign countries, they are forced to adjust to the new host’s environment, culture and tradition. One major adjustment required is their diet. This study assesses actual dietary intake changes after students’ immigration to the UK. This study adopted the approach of a cross-sectional study design to collect quantitative data using a questionnaire. A sample size of 99 international students was selected. Snowball sampling was used in selecting the study’s participants. All data was quantitative hence analysed using the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 26.0). Differences in consumption of the food items pre and post immigration were evaluated using t-test for related samples. The findings show that intake of foods perceived to be non-western such as nuts, fruits and vegetables, proteins such as beans, meat soup, fish and sausages  decreased while intake of fat rich highly processed foods perceived to be western such as chips, cheese, bacon, sausages and ham increased after immigration to the UK.
Comparative Analysis of Type-1 and Type-2 Fuzzy Controllers: Exploiting Synergies for Improved Control System Performance
Authors: Aguiar Renato Aparecido , Franco Ivan Carlos , Leonardi Fabrizio
Published: June 2023

The utilization of fuzzy controllers in control systems has gained significant attention in various fields due to their ability to handle complex and uncertain systems. This paper focuses on comparing the performance of two types of fuzzy controllers: type-1 fuzzy controller and type-2 fuzzy controller. While type-1 fuzzy controllers have been widely studied and applied, the advantages of type-2 fuzzy controllers in dealing with uncertain and ill-defined systems have garnered attention. A thorough analysis and comparison are conducted to investigate the practical benefits of type-2 fuzzy controllers. The study includes an overview of type-1 and type-2 fuzzy sets, followed by the design methodology for the two controllers. The designed controllers are implemented practically, and the results are analyzed and discussed. Previous research studies have shown the potential of type-2 fuzzy controllers to achieve superior performance compared to type-1 controllers. This paper contributes to the existing body of knowledge by presenting empirical evidence and practical insights into the performance of type-2 fuzzy controllers in real-world applications. The findings shed light on the benefits and limitations of utilizing type-2 fuzzy controllers, particularly in scenarios where system knowledge is limited or incomplete. The results of this study provide valuable guidance for control system designers and practitioners in selecting the most appropriate controller for their specific applications. Furthermore, the insights gained from this research contribute to the ongoing exploration and development of fuzzy control systems, enhancing their effectiveness in various domains.
Dynamics of changes in the content of betalain pigments in red beet roots during the growing season and storage
Authors: Koldaev V. M.
Published: June 2023

Purpose. Betalains, plant pigments of red beet roots, exhibit antioxidant activity and reduce the risks of many pathological conditions. However, the widespread introduction of betalains is hampered by insufficient knowledge of their transformations during the growing season and storage of root crops, which was the purpose of the work.

Methods. Root crops of five varieties of table beets were used in the studies. The content and stability of betalains were determined by spectrophotometric methods according to the numerical indices of the absorption spectra of extracts from root crops.

Results. In the beet roots in the first 20 days of vegetation after germination, the content of betaxanthines is higher than that of betacyanins, but by the 40th day, betacyanins exceed betacyanins over betaxanthin in the ratio of 1.26-2.21. By the 70th 90th days of vegetation, the main pool of betalains is formed, their content reaches 84.5-198.6 mg / 100 g, the ratio of betacyanins / betaxanthins and resistance are 2.47-9.76 and 0.82-0.91 respectively. The highest excess of the content of betacyanins over betaxanthins by 8.11 9.65 times was obtained in beet root crops of Creolka and Veselaia Smulyanka varieties. The stability of betalains during six-month storage decreases less than 1.4 times.

Conclusion. It is advisable to use the developed spectrophotometric method for determining the stability of betalains in the express analysis of beet root crops. Betalains are more stable than other plant antioxidants. Beet roots are more preferred for fortifying diets than other foods with antioxidant activity.
Evaluation of mutagenic samples of winter garlic
Authors: Nemtinov V. I. , Kostantchuk Yu. N.
Published: June 2023

Relevance. The use of chemical mutagenesis on garlic is relevant for the creation of new forms with stable characteristics, better biochemical qualities, increased yield, for use in breeding practice.

Results. The reaction of garlic treated with two chemical mutagens was evaluated: DES (diethyl sulfate) – 0.025; 0.05 and 0.1% (mutants 2, 3 and 4), as well as DMS (dimethyl sulfate) – 0.02; 0.04 and 0.08% solutions (mutants 5, 6 and 7). The aftereffect of chemical mutagens was noted with low and medium variability of signs in the second–fifth generation. According to the low variability of 1.6–9.4%, the height of plants (samples M 3 and 6), the number of leaves (M 5), the height of the false stem (M 3), the diameter of bulbs (M 6), as well as the length of leaves and the weight of bulbs samples M 3, 5 and 6 were distinguished. The effect of mutagens on morphometric signs of garlic were also tracked in the second generation (re-growing from air bulbs), where the parameters of low and medium variability of signs are marked. The majority of samples on 7 signs reflected a low variability of 5.5–10.0% and only 2 mutants showed an average variability of 11.4–16.4%: M 6 in plant height and false stem and M 3 in bulb diameter and yield. The correlation between their value in the 5th generation and in the 2nd generation also revealed strong direct and average connections. High heritability of h2 signs = 0.74–0.99 for DES preparations – 0.05%, VMI – 0.02 and 0.04%, was the most important indicator of the selection of valuable signs.
Prospects of Rhubarb Juice Production and Utilization
Authors: Kharchenko V. A. , Golubkina N. A. , Tereshonok V. I. , Moldovan A. I. , Bogachuk M. N. , Kekina E. G. , Antoshkina M. S. , Pavlov L. V. , Papazyan T. T.
Published: June 2023

The review is devoted to the nutritional significance and prospects of garden rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum L.) utilization in food industry. High yield of juice reaching 90% and the ability to complex rhubarb stems processing for juice production and pectin extraction from rhubarb stem pomace are empathized. Rhubarb stems pomace recorded up to 21-23 % of pectin, which is significantly higher than in natural industrial sources of pectin. Medicinal value of rhubarb juice is discussed: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, cardioprotective and anti-diabetic properties are indicated. Examples of high antioxidant content and unique organic acids composition of rhubarb juice are highlighted. Sorbic and benzoic acids are indicated as important components of juice widely used in food industry as food preservatives. Citric acid is shown to be the main component of rhubarb organic acids in spring. Special attention is paid to the non-waste production of juice thanks to the possibility of pomace processing for pectin recovery. Juice biochemical characteristics of four garden rhubarb cultivars (selection of Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Production) are described: Udalets, Malakhit, Zaryanka and Krupnochereshkovy). Expediency of further selection on high anthocyanin content in rhubarb stems are empathized.
Comparative evaluation of black currant subzone of the taiga of the Komi Republic
Authors: Timusheva O. K. , Sorokopudov V. N.
Published: June 2023

Relevance. Black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) occupies an important place in amateur gardening of the Komi Republic as an economically valuable crop. There is no doubt that it is possible and necessary to develop berry growing in the Komi Republic, to meet the needs of the population in multivitamin products through local production of berries. The purpose of the paper was to study the economically useful traits of varieties cultivated in the North in the conditions of the middle subzone of the taiga. Winter hardiness, phenological phases, productivity, large-fruitedness (berry weight), biochemical composition of berries were analyzed.

Methodology. The results of the study of six varieties of black currant in 2020–2022 are presented. Plants are nine to ten years old. The research was carried out according to the "Program and methodology for the study of variety of fruit, berry and nut crops" (1999). Currants are planted in rows according to the scheme 4 x 1.5.

Results. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the studied varieties of black currant are promising for cultivation in the middle subzone of the taiga. In all studied varieties, vegetation was observed in the second-third decade of April. The beginning of flowering was observed in the middle of the second – the end of the third decade of May, 25–39 days after the beginning of the growing season. The beginning of fruit ripening was noted in the first-second decades of July, 48-52 days after the start of the flowering. Mass ripening of berries was noted in the middle of the second – the end of the third decade of July, and the middle of the second-first decade of August for “Lazy” variety. During the study period, the vegetation of black currant ended in the second decade of October, with the onset of temperatures below 5°C. The duration of the vegetation period over the years of research was above the norm and equaled 169-185 days. The productivity of black currant varieties was 1.16-1.79 kg per bush. All varieties are characterized by large fruits (berries) weighing 1.02-1.66 g. A biochemical analysis of frozen berries of blackcurrant varieties for 2021-2022 was carried out regarding the content of ascorbic acid, sugars, acidity, solids. The maximum content of ascorbic acid was noted in “Vologda” variety – 97.68 mg%. The highest sugar-acid index was in “Bagira” variety – 3.5. All the varieties have a high content of dry matter in berries: 18.04-20.38%. Overall, the varieties of black currant under study suit for cultivation in the middle subzone of the taiga.
Impulse drying of african teak, merbau and wenge wood blanks in a convection drying chamber
Authors:   BMSTU (Mytishchi branch), Deyanov D.I. , Kosarin A.A. ,   OOO «Forcklad», Moiseev S.A. ,   Volga JSC, Kuryshov G.N.
Published: June 2023

A review of literature sources on the physical and mechanical properties of iroko, merbau and wenge wood is given. The places of growth of these breeds are indicated. The description of the varieties of properties of the rocks under consideration, depending on the distribution area, is presented. A review of literature sources on the modes and parameters of drying of iroko, merbau and wenge wood blanks is presented. The drying modes of iroko, merbau and wenge wood blanks are considered, the parameters of which depend on the current moisture content of the wood and the principles of constructing pulse drying modes. The modes of pulse drying of iroko wood blanks with a thickness of 25 mm, merbau with a thickness of 25 mm and wenge with a thickness of 45 mm are determined. It is shown that the use of pulsed drying modes of workpieces can reduce electricity consumption and improve product quality.
Korean cedar (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.) seed production during its introduction in voronezh region forest-steppe
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Forest Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Levin S.V.
Published: June 2023

The paper presents the research materials of Korean cedar introduction in the forest-steppe conditions of Voronezh region. Full compliance of its vital processes with the conditions of introduction is determined. The influence of the factor of tree placement in the territory — free or as part of other conifers on seed production — has been established. The increase of trees yield was revealed when artificial pollination was applied to them in comparison with non-pollinated trees. Attention was drawn to the moment of formation of multi-top tree crowns by formation of «empty» cone at the top of the central conductor. The high perspectivity of the breed cultivation in these conditions with obtaining both silvicultural and economic effect is pointed out. The forecast of yield of Korean pine crops under certain conditions of technology is given. Taking them into account in the creation of Korean pine seed object from 1 hectare of cultivated area it is possible to obtain the yield from the moment of grafting age in 25 years in the amount of 123 kg of nuts.
Influence of ash-leaved maple (Acer negundo L.) on scots pine natural renewal in Barnaul ribbon pine forest
Authors:   Altai State Agricultural University, Malinovskikh A.A.
Published: June 2023

The influence of ash-leaved maple (Acer negundo L.) on the natural regeneration of scots pine in the Barnaul ribbon forest in different types of forest growing conditions is considered. It was found that the ash-leaved maple forms a dense, closed undergrowth up to 10 m high in moist forest-growing conditions (A3), whereas in fresh forest-growing conditions (A2) it was noted only once. The closeness of the undergrowth of maple in the grass forest is 0,8…1,0 units, while the undergrowth with a predominance of local plant species (Siberian mountain ash, goat willow) in the grass forest has a closeness of no more than 0,5 units, in the fresh forest no higher than 0,2…0,4 units. The undergrowth of maple strongly obscures the components of the forest located under it: living ground cover and undergrowth. The shading of the living ground cover leads to its significant transformation, with a change in the floral composition and structure. Shading of the undergrowth leads to a complete absence of seedlings, self-seeding and the actual undergrowth of the common pine, interrupting the process of natural renewal. Using the obtained values of illumination under the canopy of the forest, it was found that in a grassy forest with a maple understory, the relative illumination is no more than 7,9 %, whereas in a grassy and fresh forest with an undergrowth of local species, 29,5…47,9 %. The density of pine undergrowth in a fresh forest with undergrowth of local species is 7,5…17,5 thousand units/ha, which is 3–7 times more than in a grass forest with undergrowth of local species. There is a close positive relationship between the relative illumination under the forest canopy and the density of undergrowth (r = 0,830). Ash-leaved maple acts as an aggressive undesirable breed, which limits the most important environmental factor — illumination, leading to the disappearance of pine undergrowth under the canopy of the forest.
Industry current state in Sakhalin region and its development prospects
Authors:   SSC LPC, Sakhanov V.V. , Korotkov S. A. ,   BMSTU (Mytishchi branch); Institute of Forest Science RAS, Fitchin A.A. ,   Roslesinforg, Stonozhenko L.V. ,   VIPKLH, Popova A.D. ,   Avialesookhrana
Published: June 2023

The article provides an analysis of the dynamics of the Sakhalin Region’s timber industry indicators and the main factors influencing the indicators of forest management efficiency are presented. The main systemic problems that hinder the progressive development of the timber industry sector in the Sakhalin Region are revealed, including the low level of development of the estimated logging area, the lack of economical and transportable forest resources, the imperfect structure of production and export of forest products, the difficult financial situation of the industry's enterprises, and the insufficient staffing. The main performance indicators of the region's timber industry complex and the reasons for their constant decline are considered in dynamics. Recommendations on the dynamic development of the timber industry of the Sakhalin region are given.