bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Reuse of Social and Healthcare Structures: The Case Study as a Research Strategy
Authors: Gola Marco , Dell’Ovo Marta , Scalone Stefano , Capolongo Stefano
Published: April 2022

The regeneration and reuse of abandoned healthcare facilities represent one of the most complex issues in the broader field of disused public architectural heritage and its valorization. The leading causes of an elevated quantity of abandoned hospitals are the lack of resilience of these structures, as well as the evolution of the regulatory framework used to increase the quality standards of the National Health System and the constant changes caused by medical discoveries. In addition, the transfer to a new building typically does not involve consideration of the future of the dismissed facility with a lack of a strategic view for its regeneration, thus causing its progressive degradation. Although their large dimensions and unbuilt areas make recovery plans complex, the re-functionalization of these facilities represents an excellent opportunity for social and economic development, as several case studies demonstrate. This paper selects some useful examples of the reconversion and reuse of disused social and healthcare buildings through an accurate comparison that highlights the importance of the topic and the possible actions to be taken into consideration. Although this research focuses on a limited number of case studies, the paper gives rise to some strategies that can be applied to several current cases of disused buildings that could be used to support Decision Makers (DMs) from different countries.
Increasing the Circularity of Packaging along Pharmaceuticals Value Chain
Authors: Salmenperä Hanna , Kauppi Sari , Dahlbo Helena , Fjäder Päivi
Published: April 2022

Pharmaceutical packaging is a complex group of products, the main purpose of which is to protect the medicine and forward information. Pharmaceutical packaging waste is generated and accumulated along the various phases and practices of the value chain. In general, the amount of packaging has been growing during the increasing political pressure to reduce waste and to increase the circulation of materials. The goals and solutions are expected to be found in the circular economy; however, the literature on circular pharmaceutical packaging is lacking. This study explores the key factors when promoting the circularity of pharmaceutical packaging along its value chain. This was conducted by reviewing the legislation, elaborating the value chain and analysing the data from focus group discussions with stakeholders. The results show that various barriers, such as legislation, a lack of information or interaction between stakeholders, but also rigid practices, block product design for circularity. In the developing circularity of packaging, the causal links along the value chain must be understood. Chemical recycling technologies are expected to resolve the challenges of maintaining clean cycles. Further studies are needed to demonstrate the environmental benefits of increasing circularity along the value chain of pharmaceutical packaging.
Effect of R&D Subsidies on External Collaborative Networks and the Sustainable Innovation Performance of Strategic Emerging Enterprises: Evidence from China
Authors: Yao Hailin , Huang Wei
Published: April 2022

Building external collaboration networks is key to the sustainable innovation performance of strategic emerging industries (SEIs) in the context of open innovation. R&D subsidy policies in China are typically designed to support R&D investment, though the question remains whether this policy tool can stimulate sustainable innovation performance by building external collaborative networks for enterprises. At present, few studies discuss the behavioral additionality of subsidies in the context of emerging economies, and relevant studies are mainly conducted from the single perspective of input additionality. This paper integrates the input, output, and behavioral additionality of R&D subsidies into the same framework and investigates the relationships among R&D subsidies, external collaborative networks, R&D investment, and the sustainable innovation performance of strategic emerging enterprises (SEEs) among Chinese SEIs listed enterprises in 2010–2019, mainly using the panel fixed effects regression model. The results show that R&D subsidies in China promote sustainable innovation performance and that this effect is mediated by external collaborative networks and R&D investment. Additionally, R&D subsidies negatively moderate the indirect effect of external collaborative networks on sustainable innovation performance, and the moderating effects of R&D subsidies under heterogeneous samples differ in sign, statistical significance, and impact magnitude. Based on the conclusions, policy-makers must comprehensively consider the multiple effects of R&D subsidies, develop more sophisticated policy tools for network coordination, and implement differentiated subsidy policies to align with open innovation in the future.
Improving the Economic Sustainability of the Fashion Industry: A Conceptual Model Proposal
Authors: Nikolic Dejana , Kostic-Stankovic Milica
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to define the specific relationships between fashion style preference on the one side and product, promotion, word of mouth (WOM) and fashion lovers’ behavior on the other side during the COVID-19 crisis. Structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis was employed to unveil the mutual relations of the two and to verify the proposed conceptual model. The conceptual model was tested based on the answers of 642 respondents. The preference for a specific fashion style proved to have an impact on the product, promotion, WOM and fashion lovers’ behavior during COVID-19. Moreover, those elements have an impact on the frequency of fashion apparel consumption. Based on these results, fashion companies can tailor their activities in line with the predominant style of their fashion apparel to improve their economic sustainability during the post-COVID-19 era.
Effectivity of Distance Learning in the Training of Basic Surgical Skills—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pintér Zsolt Balázs , Maróti Péter , Kopjár Eszter , Gasz Balázs , Duga Zsófia , Rendeki Szilárd , Nagy Bálint , Füzesi Zsuzsanna , Schlégl Ádám Tibor
Published: April 2022

Background: Distance learning is an interactive way of education when teachers and students are physically separated. Our purpose was to examine its effectivity in training of basic surgical techniques and to provide an alternative sustainable methodology for the training of medical professionals. Methods: Sixty students were involved in our single blinded randomized controlled study. Six homogenized groups were created then randomized into three groups of distance learning and three groups of in-person teaching. The groups completed the same curriculum using our own “SkillBox”. All students took the same pre- and post-course test evaluated blindly. The students filled out an online feedback form after the course. A financial analysis was also made. Results: There was no significant difference in the post-course exam results (distance 28.200 vs. in-person 25.200). We managed to achieve significantly better improvements in the distance learning of suturing (distance 19.967 vs. in-person 15.900, p = 0.043). According to 93% of the study group students, the quality of teaching did not decrease compared to the traditional classes. Conclusion: The results of the students improved similarly in distance learning and in-person education. The online form of teaching was received positively among the students; they found it an effective and good alternative.
Challenges for Teachers’ and Students’ Digital Abilities: A Mixed Methods Design Study
Authors: Aguirre Triana , Aperribai Leire , Cortabarría Lorea , Verche Emilio , Borges África
Published: April 2022

Digital education is a recently highlighted challenge for educational innovation. This study aimed to discover the educational conditions in which teachers and students may be involved during the pandemic, and how these may affect teachers’ workload and educational quality. A Mixed Methods Design was used, where quantitative and qualitative data were obtained and analyzed. An ad hoc questionnaire was created and sent to teachers of different levels of education (pre-university) and types of school (public and private). Predictive variables of working hours were analyzed by carrying out a multiple regression. Moreover, changes experienced by teachers were studied by analyzing qualitative data. The variables type of teaching, students’ access to electronic resources, and instant training in online teaching predicted teachers’ working hours. Furthermore, participants cited having changes in workload and being overwhelmed during this period, having less contact with students, and experiencing changes in working environment as the most important variables affecting the new working conditions. In conclusion, teachers’ training in online education and the provision of electronic resources for students should be a priority to make online learning possible, to avoid the problem of teachers needing to perform extra work in similar future conditions, and to foster educational innovation.
Impact of Public Support for Innovation on Company Performance: Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rosário Cátia , Varum Celeste , Botelho Anabela
Published: April 2022

In recent years, there has been a significant shift in public policies directed to firms, with several governments launching public measures to support innovation. To promote firms’ innovation, governments can implement incentives such as subsidizing companies, inducing them to undertake those investments. Hence, the aim of this study is to review the results of a set of studies published on the evaluation of public support to firms’ innovation. To achieve this goal, we conduct a literature review that combines bibliometric analysis, network, qualitative analysis (con-tent review), and quantitative analysis through meta-regression. The analysis was performed using the VOSviewer and Stata software and the results of the meta-regression (regression with Logit model) suggest that there are no characteristics of studies on this topic that affect the results obtained. It was verified that, in the set of articles analyzed, there is strong evidence that public support for innovation leads to favorable results for the company’s performance. The main trends in the topics addressed were also identified and analyzed and, in addition to financial support for innovation, support for small and medium-sized companies, support for the development of the high-tech industry, and open and collaborative innovation stand out.
A Novel Multi-Criteria Assessment Approach for Post-COVID-19 Production Strategies in Vietnam Manufacturing Industry: OPA–Fuzzy EDAS Model
Authors: Le Minh-Tai , Nhieu Nhat-Luong
Published: April 2022

The global manufacturing supply chain has been disrupted by the negative impacts of the pandemic. In Southeast Asia, Vietnam’s manufacturing industry is one of the most strongly integrated with global and regional supply chains. The production strategies in the “new normal” are the key solution to the survival and sustainable development of manufacturers. This study aims to develop a two-stage framework to investigate the impacts of COVID-19 and the post-COVID-19 production strategies for Vietnam’s manufacturing industry. As a theoretical contribution, this study proposes a novel and robust integration approach, which combines the Ordinal Priority Approach (OPA) and Fuzzy Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution (Fuzzy EDAS), for the first time. The negative impacts of the pandemic were identified and weighted by the OPA method. Then, production strategies were comprehensively evaluated using the Fuzzy EDAS method. Findings indicate that digitization and on-site renewable energy are the most essential recovery strategies for manufacturing in Vietnam. These findings are validated by comparisons with the results of recent multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. Furthermore, weight sensitivity analysis reveals different suitability of strategies for short-term and long-term negative impacts. As a managerial implication, the multi-scenario ranking results help managers to make resource-allocation decisions for the implementation of post-COVID-19 production strategies.
Comparison of Regional Urban Water Pollutants Emission Standards and Determination of Factors Influencing Their Integration—A Case Study of the Biopharmaceutical Industry in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration
Authors: Cao Liping , Liu Xinyu , Zhang Shuai , Lyu Mingjie
Published: April 2022

Urban pharmaceutical industries are responsible for high intensity emissions of water pollutants. The regional water pollutant emission standards vary greatly throughout the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration (YRDUA) in China, which, to some extent, results in increased risks and hidden dangers to regional water environment safety, especially water quality. Under the national strategy of Yangtze River Delta ecological and green integration development, a unified standard of water pollutant emissions should be integrated into the integration development process, but differences between characteristic items, concentration limits, and conditions among four local standards of water pollutant emission have become a key influencing factor in their integration in industry and in green transformation. When comparing the water pollutant emission standards of the biopharmaceutical industry in three provinces and one municipality of the YRDUA, the factors influencing integration were determined and caused by the main differences in local water pollutant emission standards, namely, the race to the bottom of the biopharmaceutical industry, the inconsistency of environmental protection regulation law, and transboundary water pollution risks. From the perspective of urban water quality safety, we propose the following strategies for promoting the integration of water pollutant emission standards in the YRDUA: (1) increasing government funding for local water pollution governance and encouraging industries to adopt the third-party governance model for pollution control in the YRDUA; (2) unifying water pollutant emission standards and environmental law enforcement standards in the YRDUA with a mechanism involving shared economic responsibility; and (3) establishing a platform for sharing data and governance performance for the emission of water pollutants in the YRDUA.
Sustainable Development Assessment of Cultural and Creative Industries in Casino Cities: A Case Study of Macao
Authors: Lee Yuching , Peng Chingtun , Lee Taindow , Zhao Zhengyuan
Published: April 2022

In Macao, the government established the Cultural and Creative Industry Promotion Office and Cultural Industries Committee in 2010, which nominated eight to-be-developed cultural and creative industries (CCIs): design, visual arts, performing arts, clothing, pop music, film and video, animation, and publishing. However, because each CCI has its unique pattern and environmental resources are very limited in Macao, an industrial chain analysis for these eight industries should be conducted prior to policy implementation. Therefore, this study organized an industrial feasibility analysis for these eight CCIs. The methodologies included in-depth interviews, a literature analysis, and knowledge-discovery in databases. On the other hand, this study adopted the concept of creative industries, “the relationship between production and reproduction”, and “the three-circle hypothetical interactive consumption” model for positioning these eight CCIs to choose existing industries in Macao, such as the exhibition, gambling, and cultural tourism industries, that are likely to promote CCIs. Next, the orientations of these CCIs are determined. Finally, it is suggested that the performing arts, design, and visual arts industries should be prioritized currently, and the heritage management and digital media industries are advised as to-be-developed ones. In contrast, the clothing, pop music, film and video, animation, and publishing industries are not so beneficial for Macao’s development.
A Review on Enhancing Solvent Regeneration in CO2 Absorption Process Using Nanoparticles
Authors: Mohd Rozaiddin Siti Aishah , Lau Kok Keong
Published: April 2022

The employment of nanoparticles in solvents is a promising method to reduce the energy consumption during solvent regeneration. Numerous experimental and theoretical studies have been conducted to investigate the remarkable enhancement of nanoparticles. Yet, there are limited reviews on the mechanistic role of nanoparticles in enhancing the solvent regeneration performance. This review addresses the recent development on the employment of various nanoparticles, which include metals oxides, zeolites and mesoporous silicas, to enhance the mass and heat transfer, which subsequently minimize the solvent regeneration energy. The enhancement mechanisms of the nanoparticles are elaborated based on their physical and chemical effects, with a comprehensive comparison on each nanoparticle along with its enhancement ratio. This review also provides the criteria for selecting or synthesizing nanoparticles that can provide a high regeneration enhancement ratio. Furthermore, the future research prospects for the employment of nanoparticles in solvent regeneration are also recommended.
When Ice Turns to Water: Forest Fires and Indigenous Settlements in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Vinokurova Lilia , Solovyeva Vera , Filippova Viktoria
Published: April 2022

In recent years, forest fires have covered many parts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The fires often threaten populated areas and Indigenous communities as well. In 2020–2021, the fires caused enormous economic and environmental damage and the exact amount is yet to be fully calculated. Concerns about the sheer scale of carbon emissions into the atmosphere were widely discussed by world media. Social scientists of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) raised the following questions: how do Indigenous communities live in a condition of constant threat from annual forest fires? What environmental, social, and economic challenges do they face, what do they fear, and what are their expectations? We reviewed Indigenous traditional knowledge related to fire management and firefighting techniques and analyzed Indigenous peoples’ perceptions of changes in the ecological balance of water resources and permafrost. The authors also discuss the causes of forest fires, connections with industrial and transport development, and social consequences. The article is based on 2010–2021 field studies.
Enveloppement en bandelettes et momification. A propos d’une sépulture de la nécropole prédynastique d’Adaïma
Authors: Gauthier Jean-Gabriel
Published: April 2022

L’enveloppement des cadavres dans des bandelettes de tissu est-il spécifiquement lié aux techniques de conservation des corps ? La découverte effectuée dans une tombe prédynastique de la nécropole d’Adaïma, dans la région d’Esna, relance cette importante question. L’auteur, ethnologue, s’appuyant sur des exemples empruntés à des populations du Nord du Cameroun montre que l’enveloppement en bandelettes n’a pas toujours pour but d’assurer l’intégrité du corps. Tout en demeurant extrêmement prudent dans le comparatisme, il émet l’hypothèse d’un rituel indépendant d’une volonté de conservation absolue du cadavre, rituel qui, par la suite, aux époques dynastiques, aurait été si étroitement associé aux techniques de momification qu’il en apparut comme une des phases essentielles.
Imitations in Pottery of Stone Vessels in a Protodynastic Tomb from Tell Ibrahim Awad
Authors: Van Haarlem Willem M.
Published: April 2022

Publication of a group ofsmall vessels, imitating counterparts in calcite, from a looted 2nd Dynasty tomb at Tell Ibrahim Awad in the Delta.
La question de l’habitat prédynastique
Authors: Midant-Reynes Béatrix
Published: April 2022

Compared to the hugeNaqadian necropolis, an almost exclusive source of information for the pre-dynastic period, the dwelling site has the aspect of a poor relation. The problem is of particular importance since recent excavations have revealed cultural groups in the north of Egypt, where burial sites are poorly represented and, also, the research engaged inAdaima since 1989 tries to establish a paralelle between the place where people lived and the one where they were buried. In light of new data, the question of dwelling settlements becomes more complex than hitherto envisaged and the differences between north and south tend to be eradicated. A shift towards the alluvial plain appears quite clearly towards the second half of Nagada (middle of the Nth millenium), with the formation of areas for the elite. Although badly known - and sometimes repudiated - the urbanizing phenomenon seems to have been the final step of the complex process of state emergence.
Le vanneau et le couteau. Un rituel monarchique sacrificiel dans l'Égypte de la Ire dynastie
Authors: Baud Michel , Étienne Marc
Published: April 2022

The existence of human sacrifice in Pharaonic civilization has been a subject of debate since the end of the 19th century. It remains somewhat of a taboo subject, generally glossed over or refuted as incompatible with the «degree of civilization» reached by the Egyptians. In his authoritative article (1981), J. Yoyotte nonetheless shows proof of human sacrifices at all periods. Even if execution is not refuted in Ancient Egypt in the case of punishment meted out by the king or judges following a rebellion or a crime, the practice is much more difficult to acknowledge in a framework of magic or religious rituals. A very puzzling death scene portrayed on two Early Dynastic labels will be used as a basis of study to understand these practices and their evolution.
The Nubian A-Group: a reassessment
Authors: Gatto Maria Carmela
Published: April 2022

This paper shall provide an up-dated assessment of the current knowledge on the Nubian A-Group culture. A general overview of the state of the art is given, with a special focus on the new data acquired recently from regions surrounding Lower Nubia. Its interpretation and the consequent revised definition of what is the A-Group is here reported.
La culture du Pré-Kerma de Haute Nubie
Authors: Honegger Mathieu
Published: April 2022

Le Pré-Kerma est une culture qui se développe en Haute Nubie, entre 3500 et 2500 av. J.-C. environ. Partiellement contemporaine du Groupe A de Basse Nubie, elle est annonciatrice des transformations qui caractériseront la période qui lui succède et qui mèneront à l’avènement du royaume de Kerma. Encore mal connu, le Pré-Kerma révèle cependant l’importance de la dynamique des populations locales et permet d’envisager sous un autre angle les rapports entre Haute et Basse Nubie durant cette période.
Some remarks on the chronology of the early Naqada Culture (Naqada I / Early Naqada II) in Upper Egypt
Authors: Hartmann Rita
Published: April 2022

Depuis leur découverte, les tombes de la culture de Nagada ont fait l’objet d’une tentative de datation relative, utilisant pour cela les offrandes funéraires. Après avoir réparti les céramiques en différentes classes selon leurs pâte et leurs formes, W. M. F. Petrie a inventé le système des «sequence dates», revisité dans les années 1950 par la chronologie des «Stufen» de W. Kaiser. Même si les grandes phases culturelles définies par ces premiers systèmes chronologiques sont toujours utilisées, de nombreux problèmes sont apparus depuis, concernant notamment le début de la culture nagadienne et la transition Nagada I/ Nagada II. Les découvertes plus récentes se rapportant à la chronologie de la phase Nagada ancienne n’ont pas apporté de résultats vraiment pertinents tant les inventaires, qui n’incluent généralement que très peu d’offrandes, ne sont que très modérément détaillés, dans des publications maintenant centenaires. Le matériel abondant provenant du Cimetière U d’Umm el-Qaab/ Abydos, qui se rapporte principalement à Nagada I et au début de Nagada II, a toutefois permis de reconsidérer la chronologie relative de la culture de Nagada grâce à une nouvelle sériation, confrontée aux systèmes chronologiques plus anciens. Le matériel des fouilles anciennes a été lui aussi inclus dans l’étude afin de vérifier si le cadre chronologique défini pour le Cimetière U peut être également appliqué à d’autres cimetières et pour clarifier les questions se rapportant au développement régional de cimetières spécifiques.
The Relative Chronology of Nubia
Authors: Gatto Maria Carmela
Published: April 2022

La longue chronologie de l’Holocène en Nubie est ici révisée et réévaluée en prenant en compte la Nubie comme un territoire culturel qui inclut la vallée du Nil de la Première à la Quatrième cataracte et les déserts environnants. Durant le 5e millénaire BC, la zone d’influence nubienne s’étendait jusqu’à la Moyenne Égypte et jusqu’à la région de Khartoum. Dans la partie méridionale de la vallée du Nil égyptienne des marqueurs d’identité sont encore présents dans la culture matérielle pendant le 4e millénaire BC, alors que la région est désormais intégrée au territoire nagadien. La céramique est ici utilisée comme le principal facteur discriminant pour les associations transculturelles et pour la chronologie relative quand les datations radiocarbones ne sont pas disponibles ou valides.
A Missing Chapter of The Desert Fayum: Fayum lithic artefact collection in the Allard Pierson Museum, Amsterdam
Authors: Shirai Noriyuki
Published: April 2022

A technological observation as well as a tentative chronological re-classification of the tool classes suggests that there is a diachronical continuum in the development of tool making technique, contrary to an early idea that there was a considerable technological hiatus between the Epipalaeolithic and Neolithic Periods. Although it is not yet certain whether the presence of a transitional period can be substantiated archaeologically, it seems more logical to assume such a period for the development of bifacial technology existed, rather than to argue that bifacial technology appeared suddenly out of nowhere in the Fayum during the Neolithic Period.
Des scènes de danse dans l’iconographie prédynastique ? Essai d’identification et d’interprétation à la lumière de la documentation pharaonique
Authors: Roche Aurélie
Published: April 2022

Au moyen d’une démarche comparative, l’auteur réexamine la thèse selon laquelle des scènes de danses, rythmées par le son de claquoirs, seraient figurées dans l’imagerie anthropomorphe prépharaonique. Grâce à une analyse systématique de la documentation prédynastique, les figures humaines à la gestuelle stéréotypée et équivoque ont pu être classées en cinq catégories de combinaisons : (1) les personnages se tenant par la main ; (2) les figures aux bras levés en arceau ; (3) les individus munis d’un bâton courbe ; (4) ceux aux bras levés associés aux personnages tenant un bâton courbe et (5) les hommes combinés aux antilopinés. La mise en parallèle de ces scènes avec des représentations de danses de tradition pharaonique a permis de reconsidérer l’hypothèse d’exercices chorégraphiques accompagnés de percussionnistes figurés dans l’iconographie nagadienne. L’utilisation de référentiels externes – la littérature ethnographique et les sources de l’Ancien Empire – nous autorise à envisager ces ballets préhistoriques comme une des activités réalisées lors de divers rituels associés à la victoire, aux fêtes politiques et au renouvellement de la vie.
Preliminary Investigations into the Production of Glazed Steatite Beads: Discussing the Use of Turquoise during the Badarian Period in Egypt
Authors: Horn Maarten
Published: April 2022

In the early twentieth century, Guy Brunton located a small number of turquoise beads and pendants in Badarian graves in the Qau-Matmar region in Middle Egypt. Recently, however, the use of turquoise during the Badarian period has been disputed. It is claimed that Brunton misidentified turquoise for glazed steatite, and that turquoise was not used in Egypt until the later Naqada IIC period. The current paper explores the verity of this statement by presenting the results of a preliminary investigation into the production techniques of Badarian glazed steatite beads. These support the notion that turquoise beads are misidentifications for glazed steatite beads. Conversely, they advocate in favour of the existence of turquoise pendants during the Badarian period, and thus against the notion that turquoise only began to be used from the Naqada IIC period onwards.
Tablets, Sealings and Weights at Ebla: Administrative and Economic Procedures at the beginning of the Archaic State in Syria
Authors: Peyronel Luca
Published: April 2022

ment and movement of goods is recorded by the use of cylinder seals on sealings and on pottery vessels. In the palace were found around two hundred clay sealings with cylinder-seal impressions and more than fifty storage jars with seal impressions. Cretulae

come from various functional contexts, with significant concentrations only in the northern storerooms and central archive, whilst seal-impressed jars were scattered in various quarters, including the northern warehouse, the units of the Central Quarter devoted to processing foodstuffs, and the ‘ kitchen’ which opened at the bottom of the Ceremonial Staircase. The third category of indicators of administrative management of goods is represented by balance weights, a fundamental tool enabling the palace administration to check and record disbursement and incoming quantities of precious materials and objects. More than forty stone weights were retrieved in the palace, with at least two significant concentrations that permit the localization The extraordinary state of preservation of the Royal Palace G of Ebla (c. 2400-2300 BC) with a large amount of materials sealed by the destruction levels and the presence of central and temporary archives in several rooms of the official wings of the palatial complex allow a detailed analysis of the distribution and types of the various indicators of exchange and the control of exchange. Economic written documents, sealings (cretulae, bullae and jar-sealings) and balance weights attest to the economic activities conducted within the palace and provide integrated information regarding administrative procedures. Together with these indicators, unworked precious materials (in particular lapis lazuli), imported items, and objects manufactured from imported materials show the palace administration’s control over luxury goods production and Ebla’s extended interregional exchange network. In addition to the administrative archives (with thousands of tablets), the manage- of weight sets. The evaluation of the archaeological indicators, based on the distribution and associations of these various categories of object, makes readily identifiable the ‘ places’ appointed to house single or multiple parts of the procedural chain of administrative activity : the final stage in the codification of economic transactions consisted of written cuneiform texts on clay tablets ; the interim level of recording is represented by the cretulae

used to seal goods of various sorts ; and the most crucial steps in recording, when goods enter or leave the palace, are distinguished by various forms of weighing operation.
La naissance de l'écriture dans l'Égypte pharaonique : une problématique revisitée
Authors: Vernus Pascal
Published: April 2022

The birth of the writing in the Nile valley is a problem abundantly dealt with. Nevertheless, it deserves to be revisited not only in the light of new archaeological discoveries, but also by taking into account a more thorough appreciation of these codes graphically realized, for which the label “ sémiography” can be coined. Writing is certainly a semiography, but it distinguishes from all the others – “ the restricted semiographies” – by its being potentially capable of encoding the infinity of the linguistic statements. In ancient Egypt, as elsewhere, the border between writing and restricted semiographies is porous : they share a common heritage, borrow their elements, and are manipulated by social groups that have often much in common. Writing appears among other semiographies to enhance the efficiency of the semiotic arsenal implemented in the ideological proclamations of the powers that precede the rise of the pharaonic state.
Construyendo agendas situadas de conocimiento: experiencias desde la Universidad de la República en Uruguay
Authors: Goñi Mazzitelli Patricia Maria , Zeballos Lereté Camila , Bianco Bozzo Mariela
Published: April 2022

La producción de conocimiento en interacción entre diversos actores recoge una trayectoria de compromiso social de las universidades públicas latinoamericanas. Este artículo se centra en las características que adquiere la participación de actores no académicos en procesos de producción de conocimiento en interacción. La pregunta que lo orienta apunta a identificar qué roles adquieren los actores no académicos cuando se involucran en procesos de conocimiento con actores académicos. Para ello, se toma como referencia empírica un conjunto de proyectos financiados por el Programa de Investigación Orientado a la Inclusión Social de la Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Se examina la participación de actores no académicos a partir de tres dimensiones concretas (perfiles, flujo de comunicación e intervención) que aportan a la construcción de procesos de conocimiento en un gradiente que va desde la colaboración a la coproducción. En términos de tipos ideales, colaboración y coproducción simplifican la heterogeneidad de relaciones posibles entre “expertos y legos” cuando se fomentan agendas situadas de conocimiento.
Profetas racionais: uma aproximação às narrativas da marginalidade urbana avançada brasileira
Authors: Guerra Paula , Barth da Silva Gabriel , De Oliveira Coutinho Pedro Henrique
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo radica na possibilidade de –a partir das letras de canções–, explorar diversas expressões urbanas subversivas e marginalizadas socialmente. Assim, e considerando o rap, especificamente a obra dos Racionais MC’s, partimos da proposição de que as suas narrativas são simultaneamente um espelho, mas também uma representação dos contextos brasileiros de marginalidade urbana avançada. A partir da escolha de uma canção de cada álbum de estúdio dos Racionais MC’s, foi realizada uma análise de conteúdo acerca das diversas dimensões da vida cotidiana das metrópoles brasileiras expressas pelo grupo –jovens delinquentes, desempregados, habitantes de guetos, negros, mulheres. Concomitantemente, e pela narração da sua complexidade vivencial e dos seus modos de sobrevivência, assumem as canções como forma de compreensão das diversas realidades, apresentando relatos diretos que dialogam com seus pares e com toda a estrutura social na qual estão inseridos.
The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior in Pregnant Women and Individuals Affecting Their Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Controlled Trial
Authors: Rahmanian Vahid , Kohpeima Jahromi Vahid , Rastgoo Fatemeh , Najafi Foroogh , Sharifi Nader
Published: April 2022

Background: Breastfeeding affects long-term child health and improves the quality of their lives. This study sought to compare educational interventions based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in pregnant women and individuals influential to their exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in the first six months of an infant’s life. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed from 2020 to 2021 on pregnant women, who were at their>30 weeks of pregnancy, and relatives influential in their life in Jahrom, southern Iran. Sampling was conducted by the stratified random method, and the sample size was determined as 90 (30 cases in each group). The study consisted of two intervention groups and a control group. Data collection tools included the demographic questionnaire and the standard TPB questionnaire for EBF. In the first stage, the questionnaires were completed by all three groups. The second stage involved an educational intervention. The training lasted five weeks. In the third stage, the questionnaire was completed again six months later. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 21 using one-way ANOVA, chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: Based on the results, a significant difference was observed in intervention group 1 in terms of the attitude construct (P=0.009) before [Median (IQR)=34.5 (6)] and after [Median (IQR)=36 (5.25)] the educational intervention. Similarly, a significant difference was found in intervention group 2 regarding the subjective norm construct (P<0.001) before [Median (IQR)=25 (4.25)] and after [Median (IQR)=30 (4)] the educational intervention. Conclusion: Overall, in addition to pregnant women, their subjective norms should be considered in health education and promotion programs to improve EBF.
Frequent Snacks Improved Energy Intake and Nutritional Status in Community-Dwelling Older Adults at Risk of Malnutrition, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Authors: Chanwikrai Yupa , Wungrath Jukkrit , Techangam Sunard , Pachotikarn Chanida , Yamamoto Shigeru
Published: April 2022

Background: Inadequate dietary intake and malnutrition are commonly found in older adults. They tend to have early satiety that limits intake from main meals. Some reports indicated that small frequent meals may promote higher intake. From that point of view, snacks may be useful. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of frequent snacks on energy intakes and nutritional status in older adults at risk of malnutrition. Methods: A randomized controlled study was conducted among older adults at risk of malnutrition in a suburban community from November 2020 to March 2021 in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Two villages were randomly assigned to either a control group (n=17) or an intervention group (n=17), and they were matched pairs by age and gender. An intervention snack consisted of 2 desserts and a box of milk (total 548 kcal) was used. For the first 3 weeks, an intervention snack was provided every day although it was too heavy for some participants. Therefore, after that, the intervention snack was provided every other day for 4 weeks. A nutrition survey by the 24-hour recall method for 3 days, body weight, mid-arm circumference (MAC), triceps skinfold (TSF), and grip strength were assessed at weeks 3 and 7 as baseline. Results: Thirty-one participants completed the study (91%). The average age was 71.8±4.8 years, and body mass index (BMI) was 19.0±2.1 kg/m2 . In the intervention snack group, there was an increased daily energy intake by 316 kcal and 214 kcal at weeks 3 and 7, respectively, (P<0.001, effect size: 0.884), with a body weight of 0.8 kg (P<0.001, effect size: 0.314), BMI of 2% (P=0.009, effect size: 0.314), and MAC of 4% (P<0.001, effect size: 0.265) compared with baseline, but such energy intake was not observed in the control group. Conclusion: Providing frequent snacks was an effective way to improve energy intake and nutritional status in community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition.
Prevention of Self-medication in Women of Reproductive Age Based on a Health Belief Model: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Sadat Hosseini Fatemeh , Joveini Hamid , Kohpeima Jahromi Vahid , Sharifi Nader
Published: April 2022

Background: Women of reproductive age have important responsibilities such as pregnancy, breastfeeding, and children raising. This study aimed at surveying the effect of educational interventions, based on the health belief model (HBM), in the prevention of self-medication (SM) in women of reproductive age. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on women of reproductive age in Jahrom in 2019 (January-September). Simple multi-stage random sampling was used to select the participants, and the sample size was determined 60 people for both intervention and control groups. Data collection tool was a questionnaire including demographic information and HBM construct questions. The questionnaire was completed in person by both groups before and three months after the educational intervention. The educational intervention was performed based on the HBM in the intervention group, including holding 4 educational sessions each lasting 60 minutes. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software using the chi-square test, paired t test, and independent t-test. Results: The results showed a significant difference between intervention and control groups in terms of knowledge, perceived severity, benefits, and barriers, as well as cues to action on the correct use of drugs after the intervention (P<0.05). Three months after the intervention, the practice mean of women in the intervention group was significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Overall, educational intervention based on HBM was effective in preventing SM, but the extent of this effect varied for different HBM constructs. Nonetheless, measuring the effectiveness of the intervention based on the HBM in preventing SM behaviors requires studies with a long follow-up period.
RENDIMIENTO DE CHILE DE AGUA BAJO DIFERENTES CUBIERTAS DE MACROTÚNEL
Authors: Escamirosa-Tinoco Cirenio , Martínez-Gutiérrez Gabino A. , Morales Isidro , Aquino-Bolaños Teodulfo , Cortés-Martínez Carlos I. , Cruz-Andrés Oscar R.
Published: April 2022

El chile de agua (Capsicum annuum L.) es un tipo de chile endémico de Valles Centrales de Oaxaca, México con alta demanda por sus propiedades nutraceúticas y excelente sabor; sin embargo, la superficie sembrada ha disminuido, debido a la falta de incorporación de nuevas tecnologías para su cultivo. El objetivo fue evaluar el rendimiento de fruto de chile de agua, variedad local Abasolo, bajo materiales de cubierta de macrotúneles en dos ciclos de cultivo contrastantes. Los tratamientos fueron macrotúneles con cubierta de plástico verde (PV), transparente (PT), malla blanca (MB) y el testigo en campo abierto, conducidos en un diseño experimentalcompletamente al azar con seis repeticiones, en los ciclos otoño-invierno 2016 (O-I) y primavera-verano 2017 (P-V). Las cubiertas de los macrotúneles, en comparación con el testigo, disminuyeron la radiación fotosintéticamente activa (RFA), la humedad relativa (HR) y el déficit de presión de vapor (DPV), aumentando la temperatura (T); no obstante, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticas significativas entre cubiertas de plástico transparente y verde para RFA, T, DPV y HR, y fueron bajo estas cubiertas donde se obtuvieron las mejores condiciones ambientales, las cuales aumentaron el rendimiento en los dos ciclos de cultivo. El mayor rendimiento de fruto (6.08 kg m-2) se obtuvo bajo la cubierta de PT, que fue 328 y 608 % superior al obtenido en campo en el ciclo P-V y O-I, respectivamente. El chile de agua puede ser cultivado enambos ciclos en macrotúneles con cubiertas de plástico trasparente, verde y malla blanca.
PENGARUH KOMITMEN, MORAL REASONING, DAN TEKANAN SOSIAL TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN AUDITOR INSPEKTORAT PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA
Authors: Mamulati Irman , Ekaria Ekaria
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji pengaruh komitmen, moral reasoning, serta tekanan sosial terhadap keputusan auditor. Sebanyak 44 orang auditor Inspektorat Provinsi Maluku Utara digunakan sebagai. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling.  Regresi linier berganda digunakan dalam teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini. Adapun komitmen, moral reasoning, dan tekanan sosial sebagai variabel independen, sementara keputusan auditor sebagai variabel   dependen.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komitmen dan  moral reasoning berpengaruh terhadap keputusan auditor. Sedangkan tekanan sosial tidak berpengaruh terhadap keputusan auditor.
Pengaruh Risiko Pembiayaan terhadap Kinerja Profitabilitas pada BMT “S” Syariah Jawa Timur
Authors: Cahyaningsih Diyah Sukanti , Maslacha Nur , Kumar Abdul Malik
Published: April 2022

Risiko pembiayaan tampak ketika bank atau lembaga keuangan non bank gagal mendapatkan kembali pembiayaan yang diberikan dari angsuran pokok dan bunga oleh debitur. Untuk menilai profitabilitas diperlukan data dari  laporan keuangan yang terdiri dari laporan posisi keuangan perusahaan pada periode pengamatan serta  laba-rugi tentunya pada periode yang sama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh risiko pembiayaan yang dalam hal ini diukur dari NPF terhadap profitabilitas pada lembaga keuangan syariah BMT “S” yang dalam hal ini diukur dengan ROA.  Periode penelitian ini dilakukan selama 3 tahun mulai 2017 sampai dengan 2019 secara bulanan, sehingga diperoleh 36 amatan. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa risiko pembiayaan BMT “S” Syariah Jawa Timur periode tahun 2017 sampai dengan 2019 dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 3,95%, sehingga masuk dalam kategori sehat. Dilihat dari kinerja profitabilitas yang diukur dengan ROA selama tahun 2017 sampai dengan tahun 2019 dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 3,81%, yang berarti bahwa BMT “S” Syariah Jawa Timur selama periode penelitian mampu menghasilkan laba. Risiko pembiayaan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja profitabilitas BMT “S” Syariah Jawa Timur.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE DA'WAH STRATEGY IN INCREASING THE QUANTITY OF PILGRIMS MOSQUE ALAMUL HUDA ON SOCIETY DAWUHAN KAWANGREJO MUMBULSARI JEMBER
Authors: Firdaus Aisyatul Ilmi Alifah , Wahid Muhammad Abdul
Published: April 2022

Seperti yang kita tahu bahwa Indonesia merupakan negara dengan jumlah penduduk muslim terbesar di Indonesia. mka dari itu tidak heran jika banyak bangunan masjid yang ada di setiap penjuru daerah. Masjid merupakan simbol dan juga tempat orang melakukan sebuah da’wah islami dengan tujuan meningkatkan keimanan dan melakukan berbagai ibadah dengan tujuan mendekatkan diri kepada Allah. Maka dari itu perlu adanya siasat tertentu dalam upaya da’wah tersebut. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Penentuan subjek penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive. Teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Adapun analisis data dalam skripsi ini melalui tiga langkah yaitu kondensasi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Sedangkan untuk keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber.
As we know, Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in Indonesia. Therefore, it is not surprising that there are many mosque buildings in every corner of the area. The mosque is a symbol and a place for people to carry out an Islamic da'wah to increase faith and perform various worships to get closer to Allah. Therefore, it is necessary to have specific tactics in this da'wah effort. This research method uses a qualitative approach with descriptive type. Determination of research subjects uses purposive techniques. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis in this thesis goes through three steps, namely data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, as for the validity of the data using source triangulation.