bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obesity and metabolic comorbidity in bipolar disorder: Do patients on lithium comprise a subgroup? A naturalistic study.
Authors: Prillo Jake , Soh Jocelyn Fotso , Park Haley , Beaulieu Serge , Linnaranta Outi , Rej Soham
Published: April 2021

Background: Bipolar disorders (BD) are associated with increased prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Nevertheless, there is a wide range in prevalence estimates, with little known about the contributions of pharmacotherapy. It has been suggested that lithium might have a more favorable metabolic profile. We hypothesized that lithium use is associated with less increased body mass index (BMI), MetS, and type II diabetes, when compared with non-lithium users (those on anticonvulsants, second-generation antipsychotics). Methods: Cross-sectional study of 129 patients aged 18-85 with bipolar disorder, followed at tertiary care clinics in Montreal. Patients using lithium were compared with those not on lithium, for body mass index and metabolic syndrome. Results: The prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in the sample of lithium-using patients with BD was 42.4% and 35.7 % respectively, with an average BMI of 29.10 (+/-6.70). Lithium and non-lithium groups did not differ in BMI or prevalence of MetS. However, compared to the non-lithium group, lithium users had lower hemoglobin A1C (5.24 +/- 0.53 versus 6.01 +/- 1.83, U=753.5, p=0.006) and lower triglycerides (1.46 +/- 0.88 versus 2.01 +/-1.25, U=947, p=0.020). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome among patients with bipolar disorder. However, this did not appear to be associated with lithium use, when compared to those not on lithium. The lithium subgroup was also associated with lower prevalence of type II diabetes. Future prospective and intervention studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to further explore the association between lithium and insulin resistance, as well as its underlying mechanisms.
Management of Powdery Mildew on Ninebark Using Sanitizers, Biorational Products, and Fungicides
Authors: Baysal-Gurel Fulya , Bika Ravi
Published: April 2021

Ninebark (Physocarpus opulifolius) is a popular ornamental shrub and considered a hardy and tough plant that can thrive in different environmental conditions and resist diseases. However, powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera physocarpi, can severelyaffect ninebark, deteriorating the ornamental value and making them unmarketable. Only a few studies have been done in managing powdery mildew of ninebark. The current study focuses on evaluating and identifying effective products (sanitizers, biorational products, and fungicides) for the management of powdery mildew disease of ninebark. A total of 12 treatments, including nontreated control, were studied. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with four-single ‘Mindia Coppertina®’ ninebark plant per treatment and repeated twice. Powdery mildew disease severity, growth parameters, and phytotoxicity were assessed in the study. All treatments significantly reduced the powdery mildew disease severity and disease progress [area under disease progress curve (AUDPC)] compared with the nontreated control. The treatments, such as azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr at 0.17 and 0.23 g·L–1 total active ingredients (a.i.) applied, chlorothalonil + propiconazole at 1.12 mL·L–1 total a.i. applied, azoxystrobin + tebuconazole at 0.11 and 0.16 g·L–1 total a.i. applied, and giant knotweed extract [Reynoutria sachalinensis (0.5 mL·L–1 total a.i. applied)] were the most effective treatments in reducing disease severity and disease progress in both trials. The treatments had no significant effects on the plant growth parameters such as height and width. In Expt. 2, azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr and hydrogen peroxide + peroxyacetic acid treated plants showed the low level of phytotoxic symptoms. The phytotoxicity of these two treatments in Expt. 2 could be related to higher environmental temperature during the experimental period.
Possibility of application of prenatal ultrasound indexes in congenital
diaphragmatic hernia in fetus to determine postnatal outcomes
Authors: N.V. Mashinets
Published: April 2021

Objectives. To assess the effectiveness of the use of prenatal ultrasound indexes in congenital diaphragmatic
hernia of the fetus to determine the postnatal prognosis.
Materials. The analysis of 95 observations of left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia of the fetus was
carried out. In the prenatal period, the composition of organs displaced into the pleural cavity was determined,
the heart compression index (HCI), O/E LHR according to Jani and DeKoninck, and QLI were calculated.
Results. Survival rate of newborns was 57.9%, mortality rate was 42.1%. The newborns were divided into
two groups depending on the outcome of the disease. Group I — surviving newborns (n = 55), group II —
deceased patients (n = 40). In the analyzed groups, there were no statistical differences in the timing of delivery,
birth weight of newborns, the severity of asphyxia after birth and the type of hernia. In group I, the intestinal
loops and stomach were significantly more often identified in the pleural cavity in isolation, less often the liver.
HCI corresponded to 1.3, Jani O/E LHR 45.7%, DeKoninck O/E LHR 38.7%, QLI 0.7. In group
II, concomitant malformations, polyhydramnios and displacement of the liver into the pleural cavity were
significantly more frequent. HCI was 1.5, Jani O/E LHR 38.6%, DeKoninck O/E LHR 32.0%, QLI 0.6.
Conclusions. In predicting the outcome of the disease for a newborn, the most effective is a comprehensive
assessment of the location of the liver, the heart compression index and the index of lung hypoplasia (O/E
LHR according to Jani). The diagnostic accuracy of the method is 80%, the sensitivity is 74.4%, and
the specificity is 83.3%.
A case of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of idiopathic infantile arterial
calcification of the right heart in multiple pregnancies
Authors: N.L. Pavlova , L.E. Êarymova , A.Yu. Blinov et all
Published: April 2021

A case of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of an extremely rare congenital pathology of the cardiovascular system
at 19 weeks of gestation in one of the fetuses with dichorionic diamniotic twins is presented. The peculiarity of
the case is that this pathology was realized by the defeat not of the left (as described in literary sources), but of
the right heart. The prenatal diagnosis was verified by postmortem examination.
La mirada en el documental
Authors: Bernal Acevedo Carlos Mario
Published: April 2021

La ampliación del otro y la otra en la pantalla hace las veces de prueba de existencia. El documental cinematográfico es un canto de regreso a lo elemental, a lo primario, al afecto ancestral de los seres humanos por los otros y lo otro. Es una recuperación de humanidad, de las emociones fundamentadas en seres reales, en dramas que todavía discurren a nuestro alrededor. La mayoría de las obras documentales se fundamentan en el carisma de los seres que han sido retratados, en su energía pura, por fuera del espectáculo. La investigación del impacto de la mirada en la representación cinematográfica está acompañada de una referencia a los documentales cinematográficos de los años 20 del siglo pasado. Esta década fue un respiro que tuvo la humanidad entre las dos grandes guerras mundiales y, en este período, tanto las artes como las ciencias florecieron con particular frenesí.
Chatbots to Support People With Dementia and Their Caregivers: Systematic Review of Functions and Quality
Authors: Ruggiano Nicole , Brown Ellen L , Roberts Lisa , Framil Suarez C Victoria , Luo Yan , Hao Zhichao , Hristidis Vagelis
Published: April 2021

Background

Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the use of information technologies to educate and support people with dementia and their family caregivers. At the same time, chatbot technologies have become increasingly popular for use by the public and have been identified as having benefits for health care delivery. However, little is known about how chatbot technologies may benefit people with dementia and their caregivers.

Objective

This study aims to identify the types of current commercially available chatbots that are designed for use by people with dementia and their caregivers and to assess their quality in terms of features and content.

Methods

Chatbots were identified through a systematic search on Google Play Store, Apple App Store, Alexa Skills, and the internet. An evidence-based assessment tool was used to evaluate the features and content of the identified apps. The assessment was conducted through interrater agreement among 4 separate reviewers.

Results

Of the 505 initial chatbots identified, 6 were included in the review. The chatbots assessed varied significantly in terms of content and scope. Although the chatbots were generally found to be easy to use, some limitations were noted regarding their performance and programmed content for dialog.

Conclusions

Although chatbot technologies are well established and commonly used by the public, their development for people with dementia and their caregivers is in its infancy. Given the successful use of chatbots in other health care settings and for other applications, there are opportunities to integrate this technology into dementia care. However, more evidence-based chatbots that have undergone end user evaluation are needed to evaluate their potential to adequately educate and support these populations.
The Effect of an Additional Structured Methods Presentation on Decision-Makers’ Reading Time and Opinions on the Helpfulness of the Methods in a Quantitative Report: Nonrandomized Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Koetsenruijter Jan , Wronski Pamela , Ghosh Sucheta , Müller Wolfgang , Wensing Michel
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Although decision-makers in health care settings need to read and understand the validity of quantitative reports, they do not always carefully read information on research methods. Presenting the methods in a more structured way could improve the time spent reading the methods and increase the perceived relevance of this important report section.

OBJECTIVE

To test the effect of a structured summary of the methods used in a quantitative data report on reading behavior with eye-tracking and measure the effect on the perceived importance of this section.

METHODS

A nonrandomized pilot trial was performed in a computer laboratory setting with advanced medical students. All participants were asked to read a quantitative data report; an intervention arm was also shown a textbox summarizing key features of the methods used in the report. Three data-collection methods were used to document reading behavior and the views of participants: eye-tracking (during reading), a written questionnaire, and a face-to-face interview.

RESULTS

We included 35 participants, 22 in the control arm and 13 in the intervention arm. The overall time spent reading the methods did not differ between the 2 arms. The intervention arm considered the information in the methods section to be less helpful for decision-making than did the control arm (scores for perceived helpfulness were 4.1 and 2.9, respectively, range 1-10). Participants who read the box more intensively tended to spend more time on the methods as a whole (Pearson correlation 0.81, P=.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Adding a structured summary of information on research methods attracted attention from most participants, but did not increase the time spent on reading the methods or lead to increased perceptions that the methods section was helpful for decision-making. Participants made use of the summary to quickly judge the methods, but this did not increase the perceived relevance of this section.
Usability, user experience and acceptance evaluation of CAPACITY: a technological ecosystem for remote follow-up of frailty (Preprint)
Authors: Pérez-Rodríguez Rodrigo , Villalba-Mora Elena , Valdés-Aragonés Myriam , Moral-Martos Cristian , Mas-Romero Marta , Abizanda-Soler Pedro , Rodríguez-Mañas Leocadio
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Frailty is a highly prevalent condition that predisposes older persons to adverse events. According to the WHO, there is a pressing need to develop comprehensive community-based approaches, and to introduce interventions to prevent functional decline. In this regards, Information and Communication Technologies can play a crucial role to promote ageing in place, for instance by collecting fresh and periodic information on variables associated to poor health outcomes. The CAPACITY technological ecosystem tackles this problem, providing a means to remotely monitor variables with high predictive power for adverse events (ie, gait speed, muscle power and involuntary weight loss) that enable personalized early interventions aimed to prevent disability.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to present a novel mobile app designed using a participatory methodology to be used by frail older persons to interact with the services offered by the CAPACITY technological ecosystem, Furthermore, this research work pursues evaluating its usability, user experience and acceptance.

METHODS

Usability, User Experience and acceptance were assessed at 3 different sampling points during 6 months of continued use of CAPACITY to receive a multicomponent intervention to prevent/reverse frailty.

Usability was assessed using the System Usability Scale (SUS); User Experience using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ); and acceptance with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and a customized quantitative questionnaire. Data were collected at baseline (recruitment), and after 3 and 6 months of use.

RESULTS

Forty-six participants used the technology for six months at their homes, and 9 dropped out during the follow-up, leaving a final sample of 37 subjects. All of them completed the questionnaires about usability, user experience and acceptance evaluation in the intermediate and final sample collection points; 25 subjects completed the whole evaluation set at baseline. Usability, measured as SUS reached a maximum averaged value of 83.68 after 6 months of use; no statistically significant values have been found to demonstrate that usability improves with use. User experience, measured as UEQ, obtained averages scores higher or very close to 2 in all 6 categories. Finally, acceptance in terms of TAM reached a maximum of 51.54 points, showing an improvement trend.

CONCLUSIONS

Results indicate the success of the participatory methodology, and support User Centered Design as the key methodology to follow when designing technologies for frail older persons. Involving potential end users and giving them voice during the design stage maximizes usability and acceptance.
Implementation of eHealth to Support Assessment and Decision-making for Residents With Dementia in Long-term Care: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Gillam Juliet , Davies Nathan , Aworinde Jesutofunmi , Yorganci Emel , Anderson Janet E , Evans Catherine
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

As dementia progresses, symptoms and concerns increase, causing considerable distress for the person and their caregiver. The integration of care between care homes and health care services is vital to meet increasing care needs and maintain quality of life. However, care home access to high-quality health care is inequitable. eHealth can facilitate this by supporting remote specialist input on care processes, such as clinical assessment and decision-making, and streamlining care on site. How to best implement eHealth in the care home setting is unclear.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this review was to identify the key factors that influence the implementation of eHealth for people living with dementia in long-term care.

METHODS

A systematic search of Embase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and CINAHL was conducted to identify studies published between 2000 and 2020. Studies were eligible if they focused on eHealth interventions to improve treatment and care assessment or decision-making for residents with dementia in care homes. Data were thematically analyzed and deductively mapped onto the 6 constructs of the adapted Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The results are presented as a narrative synthesis.

RESULTS

A total of 29 studies were included, focusing on a variety of eHealth interventions, including remote video consultations and clinical decision support tools. Key factors that influenced eHealth implementation were identified across all 6 constructs of the CFIR. Most concerned the inner setting construct on requirements for implementation in the care home, such as providing a conducive learning climate, engaged leadership, and sufficient training and resources. A total of 4 novel subconstructs were identified to inform the implementation requirements to meet resident needs and engage end users.

CONCLUSIONS

Implementing eHealth in care homes for people with dementia is multifactorial and complex, involving interaction between residents, staff, and organizations. It requires an emphasis on the needs of residents and the engagement of end users in the implementation process. A novel conceptual model of the key factors was developed and translated into 18 practical recommendations on the implementation of eHealth in long-term care to guide implementers or innovators in care homes. Successful implementation of eHealth is required to maximize uptake and drive improvements in integrated health and social care.
Operationalizing and Evaluating Synchronous Virtual Group Health Interventions: Wide-Scale Implementation at a Tertiary Care Academic Hospital (Preprint)
Authors: Hussain-Shamsy Neesha , McMillan Ian , Cook Sheridan , Furfaro-Argier Alyssa , Sadler Andrea , Delos-Reyes Faith , Wasserman Lori , Bhatia Sacha , Martin Danielle , Seto Emily , Vigod Simone N , Zaheer Juveria , Agarwal Payal , Mukerji Geetha
Published: April 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Group-based health interventions are an important component of health promotion and management. To provide continuity of care throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, our institution undertook a rapid pivot to delivering group-based health interventions via a videoconferencing service which was securely embedded into both the electronic medical record and the patient portal to sustainably address immediate health service delivery needs during the pandemic and beyond. In this paper, we (1) describe the institutionally driven operationalization of a system to provide integrated synchronous video group visits across our hospital and (2) present a proposed strategy to comprehensively evaluate outcomes regarding their implementation, quality, and impact. Lessons for other institutions and the potential future role of synchronous video group visits to enhance how care can be scaled for delivery are discussed.
Online Support and Intervention for Child Anxiety (OSI): Development and Usability Testing (Preprint)
Authors: Hill Claire , Reardon Tessa , Taylor Lucy , Creswell Cathy
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Internet-based treatments for child anxiety may help to increase access to evidence-based therapies; however, user engagement, uptake, and adherence within routine clinical practice remain as challenges. Involving the intended end users in the development process through user-centered design and usability testing is crucial for maximizing user engagement and adoption of internet-based treatments, but so far this has been lacking for internet-based treatments for child anxiety.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to develop an internet-based treatment for child anxiety through a process of user-centered design (phase 1) and usability testing (phase 2), based on an existing evidence-based, face-to-face, therapist-supported, parent-led cognitive behavioral therapy intervention. It is intended that the internet-based version of this treatment would consist of a parent website, case management system for clinicians, and mobile game app for children.

METHODS

Parents, children, and clinicians who were familiar with the face-to-face version of the treatment were recruited from 2 National Health Service clinics. In phase 1, participants participated in 3 workshops to gain feedback on the overall concept, explore their wants and needs for the websites and game, generate ideas on how the treatment may look, and gain feedback on initial mock-ups of the websites and game. In phase 2, participants attended 3 individual usability testing sessions where they were presented with working prototypes of the website or game and asked to perform a series of tasks on the website (parents and clinicians) or play the game (children). The frequency and details on usability errors were recorded. Participants were asked for their feedback on the website and game using a standardized usability questionnaire and semistructured interviews. The websites and game were iterated after each round of usability testing in response to this feedback.

RESULTS

In phase 1, participants approved the general concept and rated the initial mock-ups of the website and game positively. In phase 2, working prototypes were rated positively and usability errors declined across the iterations and were mainly cosmetic or minor issues relating to esthetic preference, with few issues regarding ability to navigate the website or technical issues affecting functionality. Feedback from the semistructured interviews further supported the positive response of participants to the website and game, and helped identify areas for improvement during the iteration process. The final iteration of the website and game are presented.

CONCLUSIONS

Taking an iterative approach to development through user-centered design and usability testing has resulted in an internet-based treatment for child anxiety (Online Support and Intervention for child anxiety) that appears to meet the needs and expectations of the intended users (parents, children, and clinicians) and is easy and enjoyable to use.
Tailoring Mobile Data Collection for Intervention Research in a Challenging Context: Development and Implementation in the Malakit Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lambert Yann , Galindo Muriel , Suárez-Mutis Martha , Mutricy Louise , Sanna Alice , Garancher Laure , Cairo Hedley , Hiwat Helene , Bordalo Miller Jane , Gomes José Hermenegildo , Marchesini Paola , Adenis Antoine , Nacher Mathieu , Vreden Stephen , Douine Maylis
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

An interventional study named Malakit was implemented between April 2018 and March 2020 to address malaria in gold mining areas in French Guiana, in collaboration with Suriname and Brazil. This innovative intervention relied on the distribution of kits for self-diagnosis and self-treatment to gold miners after training by health mediators, referred to in the project as facilitators.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to describe the process by which the information system was designed, developed, and implemented to achieve the monitoring and evaluation of the Malakit intervention.

METHODS

The intervention was implemented in challenging conditions at five cross-border distribution sites, which imposed strong logistical constraints for the design of the information system: isolation in the Amazon rainforest, tropical climate, and lack of reliable electricity supply and internet connection. Additional constraints originated from the interaction of the multicultural players involved in the study. The Malakit information system was developed as a patchwork of existing open-source software, commercial services, and tools developed in-house. Facilitators collected data from participants using Android tablets with ODK (Open Data Kit) Collect. A custom R package and a dashboard web app were developed to retrieve, decrypt, aggregate, monitor, and clean data according to feedback from facilitators and supervision visits on the field.

RESULTS

Between April 2018 and March 2020, nine facilitators generated a total of 4863 form records, corresponding to an average of 202 records per month. Facilitators’ feedback was essential for adapting and improving mobile data collection and monitoring. Few technical issues were reported. The median duration of data capture was 5 (IQR 3-7) minutes, suggesting that electronic data capture was not taking more time from participants, and it decreased over the course of the study as facilitators become more experienced. The quality of data collected by facilitators was satisfactory, with only 3.03% (147/4849) of form records requiring correction.

CONCLUSIONS

The development of the information system for the Malakit project was a source of innovation that mirrored the inventiveness of the intervention itself. Our experience confirms that even in a challenging environment, it is possible to produce good-quality data and evaluate a complex health intervention by carefully adapting tools to field constraints and health mediators’ experience.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03695770; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03695770
Health Care Professional and Caregiver Attitudes Toward and Usage of Medical Podcasting: Questionnaire Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Clement , Zhou Melissa S , Wang Evelyn R , Huber Matthew , Lockwood Katie K , Parga Joanna
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Podcasts are used increasingly in medicine. There is growing research into the role of podcasts in medical education, but the use of podcasting as a tool for pediatric parent/caregiver health education is largely unexplored. As parents/caregivers seek medical information online, an understanding of parental preferences is needed.

OBJECTIVE

We sought to explore health care professional and parent/caregiver awareness and views on podcasting as a health education tool.

METHODS

This survey study was conducted and distributed via in-person collection from parents/caregivers (≥18 years old) in the waiting room of an academic pediatric primary care clinic, targeted social media promotion, and professional listservs for health care professionals in pediatrics. Statistical analysis included chi-square tests of independence between categorical variables.

RESULTS

In total, 125 health care professionals and 126 caregivers completed the survey. Of those surveyed, 81% (101/125) of health care professionals and 55% (69/126) of parents/caregivers listened to podcasts (P<.001). Health care professionals and parents/caregivers listed the same top 3 quality indicators for medical podcasts. Podcast listeners were more likely to have higher incomes and use professional websites for information. The survey elicited a variety of reasons for podcast nonengagement.

CONCLUSIONS

Health care professionals appear to be more engaged in medical education podcasts than parents/caregivers. However, similar factors were valued when evaluating the quality of a pediatric podcast: accuracy, transparency, and credibility. Professional websites may be one avenue to increase podcast uptake. More needs to be done to explore the use of podcasts and digital media for medical information.
Design, Implementation, and Examination of a Remote Patient Monitoring System for Pediatric Obesity: Protocol for an Open Trial Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lim Crystal , Rutledge Laura , Sandridge Shanda , King Krista , Jefferson Darryl , Tucker Tanya
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Pediatric obesity is a critical public health issue. Augmenting care in multidisciplinary pediatric obesity clinics with innovative evidence-based technology to improve weight status and health outcomes is needed.

OBJECTIVE

This study describes the design and methods of an open trial pilot study to examine a remote patient monitoring system (RPMS) for children aged 8-17 years who are receiving treatment in a multidisciplinary pediatric obesity clinic.

METHODS

Participants will include 45 youth with obesity and their parents. Families will receive standard care in the clinic and the RPMS for 3 months. The RPMS consists of a tablet, weight scale, and pedometer. The system provides daily educational content and involves the use of the pedometer and weekly weigh-ins. Children and parents will complete baseline, posttreatment (month 3), and follow-up assessments (month 6). The primary aim of the study is to examine feasibility and satisfaction with the RPMS and assess its initial effectiveness.

RESULTS

We hypothesize high feasibility and satisfaction, with rates over 75%. Furthermore, after RPMS treatment, children will exhibit improved weight status, health outcomes, dietary intake, physical activity, health-related quality of life, self-efficacy, and home-food environment compared to before treatment. These gains are expected to persist at follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

This study is novel in that it is the first to design, implement, and examine an RPMS in a pediatric obesity clinic. If the RPMS is feasible, effective, and easily accessible, it may prove to be a practical, acceptable, and cost-effective weight management treatment for youth seeking treatment for severe obesity.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04029597; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04029597

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/29858
Integrated Prevention at Work: Protocol for a Concept Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Lecours Alexandra , Major Marie-Ève , Vincent Claude , Lederer Valérie , Lamontagne Marie-Ève
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Integrated prevention at work promises to eliminate the boundaries between primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention actions taken by stakeholders in the world of work. It is receiving increasing attention from the scientific community because of its concerted and harmonized approach, which promotes employment access, return, and healthy long-term continuation. Although promising, integrated prevention is not yet well-defined, which makes it difficult to operationalize.

OBJECTIVE

This manuscript exposes the protocol of a study aiming to conceptualize integrated prevention at work on the basis of scientific and experiential knowledge.

METHODS

Using a concept analysis research design, data collection has been planned in 2 parts. A meta-narrative literature review will first be conducted to document how integrated prevention has been defined in the literature. Then, phone interviews will be conducted with key informers (ie, managers, workers, ergonomists, occupational therapists, psychologists, physiotherapists, union and insurance representatives) to document their viewpoints and understanding of integrated prevention at work. Qualitative data gathered during these 2 parts of research will be analyzed using template analysis, which allows data from literature and empirical collection to be analyzed simultaneously. The analysis will bring out the points of convergence, divergence, and complementarity between the information gleaned from literature and key informers’ experiences to arrive at a conceptualization of integrated prevention at work by identifying its uses, attributes, antecedents, and consequences. As a final step, validation and interpretation with a TRIAGE (Technique for Research of Information by Animation of a Group of Experts) group will be carried out in collaboration with the key informers to identify the tools for the implementation of integrated prevention at work and promote workers’ health and safety.

RESULTS

This study is expected to offer a contemporary conceptualization of integrated prevention at work that clearly lays out the variables of this concept and elicits the viewpoints of the different stakeholders.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will contribute to the advancement of knowledge about the professional injury prevention continuum. The clear identification of the uses, attributes, antecedents, and consequences of integrated prevention at work will offer concrete tools to stakeholders to implement innovative and promising approaches to integrated prevention at work.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/29869
Recent Academic Research on Clinically Relevant Digital Measures: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Shandhi Md Mobashir Hasan , Goldsack Jennifer C , Ryan Kyle , Bennion Alexandra , Kotla Aditya V , Feng Alina , Jiang Yihang , Wang Will Ke , Hurst Tina , Patena John , Carini Simona , Chung Jeanne , Dunn Jessilyn
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Digital clinical measures collected via various digital sensing technologies such as smartphones, smartwatches, wearables, ingestibles, and implantables are increasingly used by individuals and clinicians to capture health outcomes or behavioral and physiological characteristics of individuals. Although academia is taking an active role in evaluating digital sensing products, academic contributions to advancing the safe, effective, ethical, and equitable use of digital clinical measures are poorly characterized.

OBJECTIVE

We performed a systematic review to characterize the nature of academic research on digital clinical measures and to compare and contrast the types of sensors used and the sources of funding support for specific subareas of this research.

METHODS

We conducted a PubMed search using a range of search terms to retrieve peer-reviewed articles reporting US-led academic research on digital clinical measures between January 2019 and February 2021. We screened each publication against specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. We then identified and categorized research studies based on the types of academic research, sensors used, and funding sources. Finally, we compared and contrasted the funding support for these specific subareas of research and sensor types.

RESULTS

The search retrieved 4240 articles of interest. Following the screening, 295 articles remained for data extraction and categorization. The top five research subareas included operations research (research analysis; n=225, 76%), analytical validation (n=173, 59%), usability and utility (data visualization; n=123, 42%), verification (n=93, 32%), and clinical validation (n=83, 28%). The three most underrepresented areas of research into digital clinical measures were ethics (n=0, 0%), security (n=1, 0.5%), and data rights and governance (n=1, 0.5%). Movement and activity trackers were the most commonly studied sensor type, and physiological (mechanical) sensors were the least frequently studied. We found that government agencies are providing the most funding for research on digital clinical measures (n=192, 65%), followed by independent foundations (n=109, 37%) and industries (n=56, 19%), with the remaining 12% (n=36) of these studies completely unfunded.

CONCLUSIONS

Specific subareas of academic research related to digital clinical measures are not keeping pace with the rapid expansion and adoption of digital sensing products. An integrated and coordinated effort is required across academia, academic partners, and academic funders to establish the field of digital clinical measures as an evidence-based field worthy of our trust.
Implementation of telemedicine in times of SARS-CoV-2 in gynecology and obstetrics: Results of a nationwide cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Hertling Stefan , Loos Franziska , Graul Isabel
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

In the COVID-19 pandemic, many consultations had to be cancelled, postponed or converted to a virtual format. Telemedicine in gynaecology (telegynaecology) could support gynaecologists and obstetricians.

OBJECTIVE

This study analyses the use and perception of telemedicine applications among gynaecologists in Germany.

METHODS

This prospective cross-sectional study was based on a survey of gynaecologists in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistics were calculated and regression analyses were performed to show correlations.

RESULTS

The physicians expect telemedicine to be used in gynecology and obstetrics. 76. 4% (365/478) of the respondents rated their knowledge of telemedicine as insufficient. The majority of respondents (437/478, 91. 6%) said they did not currently use telemedicine, although 67. 3% (321/478) would like to do so. Obstacles to the introduction of telemedicine include the purchase of technical equipment (325/478, 68. 1%), administration (305/478, 64. 0%) and poor reimbursement (233/478, 48. 9%). Doctors surveyed would prefer telemedicine to communicate directly with other doctors (388/478, 81. 2%) rather than to communicate with patients (228/478, 47. 8%). In the treatment phases, 73. 2% (349/478) of the respondents would use telemedicine during follow-up. Half of the respondents would choose tele-culting as a specific approach to improving care (246/478, 51. 5%).

CONCLUSIONS

Telemedicine in gynecology finds little use but high acceptance among doctors. The absence of a structured framework is an obstacle to effective implementation. Training courses should be introduced to improve the limited knowledge in the use of telemedicine. More research in telegynecology is needed. These include large-scale randomized controlled trials, economic analyses and the exploration of user preferences.
Movilidad de profesores chilenos
Authors: Díaz Sacco Alessandra , López González Dany , Salas Aguayo Macarena , Carrasco Ogaz Diego
Published: April 2021

La investigación en torno a la movilidad docente indica que existen altas tasas de rotación durante los primeros años de ejercicio profesional que afectan directamente la efectividad de las escuelas, el aprendizaje de los estudiantes y la equidad educativa. La presente investigación se enfoca en los factores escolares relacionados con la movilidad de los profesores chilenos. Se utilizan los datos de la Encuesta de Idoneidad Docente para seguir a la cohorte de profesores de 2007 a 2018 y se emplea un modelo de historia a eventos multinivel para estudiar la relación entre factores escolares y la movilidad docente. Los resultados indican que las escuelas que presentan mayor rotación son las subvencionadas, las rurales y las que cuentan con mayor concentración de estudiantes vulnerables. La consideración de estos elementos resulta relevante para la formulación de políticas públicas relacionadas con la retención de profesores.
Centro de Capacitação de Profissionais da Educação e de Atendimento às Pessoas com Surdez (CAS)
Authors: Vieira Eliane Telles de Bruim , Rodrigues José Raimundo , Vieira-Machado Lucyenne Matos da Costa
Published: April 2021

Neste artigo, discutimos as práticas pedagógicas que conduzem a educação de surdos no CAS, em Vitória, Espírito Santo. Essa discussão abrange dois momentos históricos distintos: a integração escolar e a inclusão. Para tal análise, trabalhamos com os conceitos foucaultianos de governamento e subjetivação. Recorremos a uma metodologia de pesquisa que compreende a vivência com a comunidade escolar e entrevistas abertas. Partimos da hipótese de que, dependendo do momento histórico, há diferentes formas de hipervalorizar um jeito de ser surdo. Se, no período da integração escolar, havia uma hipervalorização do sujeito surdo oralizado, aproximando-o da norma ouvinte, na atualidade, em contrapartida, o sujeito surdo é educado em outra direção, pois há uma hipervalorização de um surdo sinalizante e militante de sua língua.
Implementasi Zikir terhadap Pembinaan Akhlak Keseharian Santri di Dayah Kabupaten Aceh Timur
Authors: Hayati Nurul
Published: April 2021

Human is the creation of Allah swt who have morals, potentials, orientations, and tendencies toward positive and negative things. It is a characteristic and moral tied in every human. To neutralize and create a better human which is in accordance with the main purposes of  His creator, it needs specific ways to maintain a pure human appearance in their daily life. One of the ways to return and maintain their pureness is through dhikr. It has been implemented by one of the traditional educational institutions in East Aceh, namely the Islamic Boarding School Asasul Islamiyah and the Islamic Boarding School Darul Muta'allimin. In addition, besides teaching a religious subject as the main subject matter, they are also having daily dhikr-routine, before and after praying, and it becomes the main purpose to develop students’ morals. This study explores the implementation of dhikr as a development toward Islamic boarding school’s students’ daily morals in East Aceh regency, with aims (1) To figure out what kind of the several dhikr in the Islamic Boarding School Asasul Islamiyah and Islamic boarding school Darul Muta'allimin, East Aceh regency, (2) To figure out a mechanism of implementing dhikr in the Islamic boarding school Asasul Islamiyah and the Islamic boarding school Darul Muta'allimin, East Aceh, (3) To know an implication dhikr toward daily morals’ development in Islamic boarding school Asasul Islamiyah and Islamic boarding school Darul Muta'allimin, East Aceh. This present study is qualitative research which is used as a field research method and uses primary and secondary data. The data collection methods used are observations and interviews. The present study found that the varied of dhikr words which are pointed in Islamic boarding school Asasul Islamiyah and Islamic boarding school Darul Muta'allimin, East Aceh Regency is istighfar, tauhid (لا اله الا الله), tasbih, tahlil, shalawat (remembering The Prophet), yassin, reciting Al-Qur’an verses and having a close-by reciting do’a. The mechanisms of implementing dhikr used in both Islamic boarding schools, methodology and time, are similar; using dhikr dzahir and dhikr sirri, in addition, the time is daily; before and after praying. Moreover, one of the dhikr implications toward the students’ daily morals development is enhancing Islamic spirituality through remembering Allah SWT in order to form a balancing life between the world and the day after, also have good morals toward humans (habl min al-nās)  and Allah SWT (habl min Allāh).
Hot or Cold ? Feasibility, Safety and Outcome after Maze-like Radiofrequency guided versus Cryoballoon guided LAA Isolation
Authors: Tohoku Shota , Chen Shaojie , Bordignon Stefano , Bologna Fabrizio , Zanchi Simone , Bianchini Lorenzo , Operhalski Felix , Chun KR Julian , Schmidt Boris
Published: April 2021

Backgrounds: Left atrial appendage (LAA) isolation (LAAI) has been
described as an adjunctive ablation strategy for patients with recurrent
atrial fibrillation (AF). Objectives: We compared the clinical impact of
persistent LAAI durability between radiofrequency catheter (RF)-guided
wide-area LAAI and cryoballoon (CB)-guided ostial LAAI. Methods:
Consecutive patients who underwent RF- or CB-guided LAAI were
retrospectively analyzed. RF-guided LAAI was performed by combining
anterior, roof and mitral isthmus linear ablation. CB-guided LAAI was
performed by LAA ostial ablation. After LAAI, patients underwent
invasive re-mapping study. LAA closure was performed if persistent
durability was confirmed. Procedural data, LAAI durability and ATa
recurrence were assessed. Results: A total of 260 patients (RF:n=201,
CB:n=59) undergoing LAAI were identified out of 7630 AF ablation
procedures. Acute rate of procedural LAAI was significantly higher in CB
group (RF: 82.6% vs. CB: 94.9%, P=0.02) and associated with a lower
rate of pericardial effusion (RF: 7.5% vs. CB: 0%, P=0.03). Six-week
durable LAAI was similar between two groups (RF: 78.1% vs. CB: 66.0%,
P=0.103). One-year freedom from ATa recurrence was higher in the
patients with durable LAAI after RF-guided wide-area LAAI irrespective
of arrhythmia types (overall; RF:76.3% vs. CB:56.7%, P=0.0017, only
AF; RF:81.3% vs. CB:57.5%, P=0.0013, respectively). Multivariate
analysis revealed that RF-guided LAAI was a predictor of freedom from
ATa recurrence (HR: 0.41, 95%CI: 0.221–0.766, P=0.0056). Conclusions:
Acute LAAI can be more readily and safely achieved by CB-guided ostial
ablation. In patients with confirmed LAAI, however, the freedom from ATa
recurrence was higher after a RF-guided wide-area isolation.
From global problems to the local action in the Community Garden “AUDZˮ
Authors: Gavare Nora
Published: April 2021

The community garden “AUDZ” which is accessible for everyone was created as a local small scale response to the problems of the 21st century – the depletion of natural resources, air pollution, increase in industrial production, a destructive amount of waste, aging of society, the lack of a sustainable society, etc. Nora Gavare, a designer, participated in the ERASMUS+ international training mobility visit “Development of urban environment” in Hong Cong where she acquired experience and new insights into over-population, rapid growth of urban areas at the expense of the natural habitat and a sharp increase in demand for food products. These trends are not yet evident in Latvia, but they are relevant in the context of the forthcoming climate crisis. At the same time, the demand for healthy locally grown food and zero waste products has increased noticeably. Residents of cities and towns are eager to buy products of known origin, quality and processing factories. However, the only way how to be fully convinced of the quality and “transparency” of the food products is to grow and prepare food stuffs on our own. There are the following questions to be answered: “Do we have enough knowledge how to grow, for example, tomatoes? Haven’t people forgotten natural processes while using the advantages of the development of technologies? What would happen if we created PLACES where people could both explore and learn, share and experience?” As regards such towns in Latvia as Sigulda, where there is a rapid growth of the population and the number of declared residents, it is necessary to promote the creation of the sense of community and education processes due to the lack of the communication opportunities which would promote the interaction of different social groups and enhance the formation of a sustainable society. Such a conclusion was made by performing a photo mapping of Sigulda’s public environment in different periods.
Theory of discrete Muckenhoupt weights and discrete Rubio de Francia extrapolation theorems
Authors: Saker S.H. , Agarwal R.P.
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we will prove a discrete Rubio De Francia extrapolation theorem in the theory of discrete Ap? Muckenhoupt weights for which the discrete Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on ?p w (Z+). The results will be proved by employing the self-improving property of the discrete Ap? Muckenhoupt weights and the Marcinkiewicz Interpolation Theorem.
Controllable arrangement of integrated obstacles in silicon microchannels etched in 25 wt.% TMAX
Authors: Smiljanic Milce , Radjenovic Branislav , Lazic Zarko , Radmilovic-Radjenovic Marija , Rasljic-Rafajilovic Milena , Cvetanovic-Zobenica Katarina , Milinkovic Evgenija , Filipovic Ana
Published: April 2021

In this paper, fabrication of silicon microchannels with integrated obstacles
by using 25 wt.% tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) aqueous solution at
the temperature of 80?C is presented and analysed. We studied basic island
patterns, which present union of two symmetrical parallelograms with the
sides along predetermined crystallographic directions  (2<n<8) and
<100>. Acute angles of the parallelograms were smaller than 45?. We have
derived analytical relations for determining dimensions of the integrated
obstacles. The developed etching technique provides reduction of the
distance between the obstacles. Before the experiments, we performed
simulations of pattern etching based on the level set method and presented
evolution of the etched basic patterns for the predetermined
crystallographic directions . Combination of basic patterns with sides
along the <610> and <100> crystallographic directions is used to fabricate a
matrix of two row of silicon obstacles in a microchannel. We obtained a good
agreement between the experimental results and simulations. Our results
enable simple and cost-effective fabrication of various complex microfluidic
silicon platforms with integrated obstacles.