bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to Choose a Fairness Measure: A Decision-Making Workflow for Auditors
Authors: Picogna Federica , de swart jacques , Kaya Heysem , wetzels ruud
Published: February 2025

Recent developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have greatly benefited society, but they alsocome with risks. One of those risks is that AI has the potential to discriminate against certaingroups of people. To address that risk, benchmark regulations such as the AI Act have been cre-ated, requiring AI systems to be fair and tasking auditors with ensuring their compliance. In orderto do so, auditors use fairness measures. However, selecting a specific definition of fairness fromthe various available options and choosing a fairness measure from the numerous possibilities com-plicates the auditing process, making it challenging for auditors to correctly assess AI fairness. Toassist them, we created a decision-making workflow that guides the auditor through the selectionprocess of the most appropriate measure and, consequently, the most suitable definition of fairness.To simplify the use of this workflow, we have integrated it into the open-source program JASP forAudit and demonstrated its functionality with two examples: the COMPAS recidivism and the DUOcase.
How is grocery shopping completed in households with children? Gender gaps and typologies of grocery shopping in four Canadian metropolises
Authors: Li Chunjiang , Widener Michael
Published: February 2025

Grocery shopping is important household labor that directly impacts diet quality and related downstream health outcomes. Like other household tasks, it is usually divided unequally in opposite-gender households, with women doing more grocery shopping than men. However, common indicators used to identify gender gaps, like activity frequency and duration, are unable to sufficiently depict the full picture of the constraints women may face when engaging in grocery shopping activities. This is especially evident for women in households with children, who often share more care-related labor. To address this gap, this paper examines the gender differences in grocery shopping activities in multiple dimensions, including frequency, duration, grocery store types, travel modes, the presence of companions, time of day, and trip chaining. Drawing upon the Time Use & Food Habits survey conducted in four Canadian cities in 2021, the results show that women and men in households with children exhibit different characteristics of grocery shopping across multiple dimensions. Women compared to men not only spend longer time shopping, but also have a smaller proportion of driving to grocery stores and a larger proportion of shopping during working hours and with companions. Gender differences were further compared among different classifications of grocery shopping patterns identified through latent class analysis. Various gender gaps are found across different classifications, with women shopping with others possibly having some of the most complex constraints. Multinominal logistic regression shows that the shopping with others is associated with relatively lower socioeconomic status, more care responsibilities, and living in an urban area. Overall, this study provides evidence of nuanced gender gaps of grocery shopping in multiple dimensions, within different groups of people, and across a range of cities of various sizes.
A Psychological Framework for AI Integration in Agriculture: Advancing Net Zero Through Integrating Behavioral Change Factors
Authors: Maltby John
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the psychological determinants influencing farmers' adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies towards achieving Net Zero emissions in agriculture. The adoption process requires significant behavioral changes rooted in farmers' psychological attitudes toward technological innovations. Utilizing Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis of survey data from UK (n=299) and USA (n=203) farmers, we propose a psychological alignment model Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Prototype Willingness Model, Implementation Intentions, Eudaimonia, and Self-Determination Theory. The findings suggest three principal factors affecting AI adoption. The "Sustainable Technology Commitment" factor highlights intrinsic motivations aligned with personal and environmental objectives, emphasizing the perceived benefits of AI for enhancing farm efficiency and sustainability. The "Operational Preparedness" factor stresses the importance of resource accessibility, strategic planning, and resilience. The "Identity-Driven Innovation" factor examines self-perception as innovative and responsible, driving AI acceptance through personal values and autonomy. These findings suggest a comprehensive psychological approach, combining a series of psychological models, is critical for fostering positive behavioral shifts towards sustainable AI integration in agriculture. This framework not only advances academic understanding of technological adoption but also guides the development of targeted interventions to promote AI uptake among farmers, thus supporting sustainable practices aligned with Net Zero goals.
A primer and empirical demonstration of network analysis for physical activity attributes
Authors: Alves Douglas Silva , Watanabe William Tsutomu , Goroso Daniel Gustavo , de Araujo Fernanda Ribeiro , Pires Flávio Oliveira , Asano Ricardo Yukio
Published: February 2025

Purpose: A gold-standard measure for physical activity does not exist, partly because it is a latent system emerging from interactions between its attributes. This study aimed to validate a measurement model for physical activity using a systems approach, specifically a network model, assess its gender invariance, and examine its relationship with a psychological network. Methods: Forty healthy participants (18 males, 22 females; mean age = 27.9 years, 95% CI = 25.8–29.9) were recruited online. Physical activity was measured via self-report and smartphone accelerometry over one week. Three models were explored: (1) relationships between physical activity attributes in a holistic framework, (2) gender invariance, and (3) interactions with a psychological network (self-efficacy). Results: Centrality analyses identified key attributes, such as self-reported moderate activity, time spent sitting, and self-efficacy when access to facilities was limited. Conclusions: Findings support a systems-based measurement approach, highlighting the complex, dynamic nature of physical activity.
Investigating the Effects of Code-Switch Types on Cognitive Control
Authors: Kaan Edith , kheder souad , Medina Rodrigo Mello , Valdés Kroff Jorge
Published: February 2025

Code-switching, here defined as the use of two languages within a single sentence, has been hypothesized to engage cognitive control such as inhibition and conflict monitoring. The current project investigates whether structurally distinct types of code-switching engage cognitive control differently. We tested this in a conflict adaptation paradigm. Early Spanish-English bilinguals in the US listened to (Experiments 1, 2, 4) or read (Experiment 3) unilingual Spanish sentences and sentences with dense or insertional switches to English. After each sentence, participants saw a Flanker trial and indicated the direction of the center arrow while ignoring the flanking arrows. If processing code-switches increases engagement with cognitive control, then subsequent incongruent Flanker trials should demonstrate a reduced Flanker conflict effect. Across four experiments, we found either no effect of code-switching on Flanker performance (Experiment 1) or found that the Flanker conflict effect was larger after code-switched than after unilingual sentences (Experiments 2-4). We found no evidence that there was a difference between insertional and dense code-switching on the Flanker conflict effect or a difference between modalities. We therefore have no evidence that processing code-switched sentences enhances cognitive control. We interpret our finding in terms of resources: code-switches without an interactive context are unexpected and pragmatically odd. This draws resources and attention away from a following Flanker trial, leading to a larger conflict effect after a code-switch.
Conceptualizing AI as an Intellectual Bully: A Critical Examination
Authors: Frimpong Victor
Published: February 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) significantly changes how knowledge is shared, decisions are made, and discussions are held. While it can boost human thinking skills, its structured and sometimes inflexible nature raises concerns about its potential to dominate intellectual discourse. This paper looks at how AI can overshadow human reasoning, disregard other viewpoints, and support existing hierarchies of knowledge. We examine the psychological and social effects of AI's dominance, noting its tendency to marginalize diverse knowledge systems and hinder independent critical thinking. Additionally, we address the ethical implications and suggest design changes to promote a more inclusive partnership between AI and humans. Ultimately, we emphasize the importance of maintaining intellectual diversity and creating a fair knowledge ecosystem.
AI-Generated Messages Can Be Used to Persuade Humans on Policy Issues
Authors: Bai Hui , Voelkel Jan G. , Muldowney Shane , Eichstaedt johannes Christopher , Willer Robb
Published: February 2025

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has made it possible for general artificial intelligence (AI) to tackle many higher-order cognitive tasks, with critical implications for industry, government, and labor markets in the U.S. and globally. Here, we investigate whether existing, openly-available LLMs can be used to create messages capable of influencing humans’ political attitudes. Across three pre-registered experiments (total N = 4,829), we find consistent evidence that assigning participants to read persuasive messages generated by LLMs can lead to attitude change across a range of policies, including highly polarized policies, such as an assault weapons ban, a carbon tax, and a paid parental-leave program. Overall, we found LLM-generated messages were similarly effective in influencing policy attitudes as were messages crafted by lay humans. These results demonstrate that recent developments in AI make it possible to create politically persuasive messages cheaply and at massive scale.
Ethnic inequalities in adolescent mental wellbeing: An intersectional analysis of social identity markers, risk and protective factors
Authors: Stepanous Jessica Christine , Irizar Patricia , Mills-Webb Kathryn , Kapadia Dharmi , Cheng Qiqi , Marquez Jose , Humphrey Neil
Published: February 2025

This study focused on the nature and magnitude of ethnic inequalities in mental wellbeing in early-to-mid adolescence and sought to determine the extent to which different social identity markers (e.g., gender) and/or exposures (e.g., risk factors, such as discrimination; protective factors, such as parent/carer support) interact with ethnicity to predict mental wellbeing. Secondary analysis of the #BeeWell dataset (N=67,866 aged 12-15 years) was undertaken. Analyses revealed that, compared to the reference group of White British young people, several minoritised ethnic groups (e.g., Black African, Indian) reported significantly better mental wellbeing, and none reported significantly worse mental wellbeing. Our intersectional analyses revealed a complex picture. While some social identity markers and exposures yielded effects that appear to be ubiquitous and invariant across ethnic groups (e.g., the traditional gender gap in wellbeing and the promotive effects of peer support were uniform across ethnic groups), many interacted with ethnicity in predicting mental wellbeing (e.g., Indian and Pakistani youth particularly negatively impacted by racial or religious discrimination; protective ethnic density effects evident only for those of Black Caribbean, Black African and White Other origin). Collectively, these findings provide important new insights into the nature, magnitude and factors underpinning ethnic disparities in mental wellbeing.
When Policy Gets Personal: How Extremist State Policies Drive Geographic Sorting in the Post-Dobbs Era
Authors: Malmberg Alice
Published: February 2025

At a time when state governments are enacting increasingly ideologically extreme policies on some of today's most salient culture war issues, it is important to examine the implications of such legislation. I use a paired choice conjoint design with a nationally representative sample of nearly 30,000 respondents and novel perceptual data on state abortion policies to evaluate whether ideologically extreme legislation may lead to geographic sorting. The results show that extremist policies---particularly related to abortion---influence location preferences. I also undertake a supplementary observational study using a matched ordered logit design to assess how voters' migration patterns shifted after the Dobbs Supreme Court decision. This supplementary analysis shows that relative to all respondents, Democratic women living in states without abortion restrictions are considerably less likely to move to those with abortion bans post-Dobbs.
Spurious Precision in Meta-Analysis of Observational Research
Authors: Irsova Zuzana , Bom Pedro R. D. , Havranek Tomas , Rachinger Heiko
Published: February 2025

Meta-analysis upweights studies reporting lower standard errors and hence more precision. But in observational settings common to much research in social sciences, precision is not given to the researcher. Precision must be estimated, and thus can be p-hacked to achieve statistical significance. Simulations and applications show that spurious precision can invalidate inverse-variance weighting and bias-correction methods based on the funnel plot. Selection models fail to solve the problem, and common cures to publication bias can become worse than the disease. We introduce a novel approach that addresses spuriousness: meta-analysis instrumental variable estimator (MAIVE).
Floods, Facts, and Fictions: Numbers and Narratives Behind Bangladesh’s 2024 Regional Floods
Authors: Das Puja , Ganguly Auroop , Rabb Nick , Smith Kevin , Islam Shafiqul
Published: February 2025

The August 2024 regional floods in Bangladesh, occurring shortly after a major political upheaval, were among the most severe in recent history, displacing millions and causing extensive damage. This paper examines both the scientific and social dimensions of this disaster by exploring the natural drivers that led to the flooding and the sociopolitical context that caused rumors to spread that the floods were far from natural. We begin with a climatic and hydrological analysis that provides an objective explanation of the flood’s severity based on a convergence of intensified monsoon rainfall, the Madden-Julian Oscillation, and a repositioned jet stream. We then leverage misinformation studies to explain the rapid spread of misleading narratives in the wake of the floods, including allegations of deliberate upstream dam releases by India. Our findings highlight that effective flood preparedness, response, and recovery require not only a scientific grasp of the “numbers” that explain natural drivers but also a nuanced understanding of the “narratives” that shape public perception and action, whether constructive or detrimental. Using the notion of engineering diplomacy, we argue that the mutual acknowledgment of common interests and a focus on collaborative, practical projects can lead to progress on immediate flood management needs while creating the enabling conditions for broader cooperation between transboundary nations like India and Bangladesh. We briefly examine the existing approaches for flood management between the two countries and suggest several tangible pilot projects and initiatives. In exploring both the scientific and social dimensions of the 2024 floods, this paper highlights a critical gap in common approaches to flood preparedness, response, and recovery, emphasizing the need for collaboration and trust-building to transform natural hazards into opportunities for sustainable action. The proposed coordinated and mutually beneficial strategies using the notion of engineering diplomacy have the potential to ensure future natural hazards do not lead to national disasters.
Shining light on the brain to understand how it works and to help children who face difficulties
Authors: Bell Laura , Reindl Vanessa , Kruppa Jana , Niephaus Alexandra , Kohl Simon Huldreich , Konrad Kerstin
Published: February 2025

Have you ever thought that light could tell you something about your brain? Light is a powerful tool that helps brain researchers understand the brain. Our eyes can only see less than 1 % of the total light around us. Some of the light is red, so-called near-infrared light. It can run through your head and the top layers of your brain and thereby gains important information about your brain activation. The technique that uses near-infrared light is called functional near-infrared spectroscopy. This term is very long, so we will call it “fNIRS” from now on. In this article, we will first show you how a fNIRS machine looks like and what it is like to take part in a fNIRS experiment. Next, we will explain how we can use near-infrared light to better understand the brain. Finally, we will give you some examples of what fNIRS can be used for and how we can use it to help children who face difficulties in their daily lives.
Redefining Emotion: A Component-Based Approach
Authors: Saberi Sahba
Published: February 2025

Emotion science struggles to establish a unified definition of emotion, arguably largely due to differing perspectives on its constituent components. Traditional theories often conflate cognitive appraisal and interoception under the term ‘emotion.’ We propose a nomenclature shift by delineating interoception from appraisal. Acknowledging that cognition can trigger, interpret, label, or influence emotional experiences, we argue this interaction does not necessitate including cognition as a component of emotion. Instead, defining these components separately enhances understanding of their individual mechanisms and interactions. To support our framework, we examine the current literature, concluding that no strong theoretical or empirical justification exists for combining interoception and appraisal into one construct. Reserving 'emotion' for interoceptive responses alone enhances theoretical clarity, research precision, and clinical effectiveness.Public Significance Statement: This paper proposes an approach to redefining 'emotion' as the experience of internal bodily sensations (interoception), distinct from thought processes or interpretations (cognitive appraisal). Through the delineation of these processes, this perspective aims to refine emotion theory and expand its applications in research and practice.
Binary climate data visuals amplify perceived impact of climate change
Authors: Liu Grace , Griffiths Thomas L. , Dubey Rachit , Snell Jake
Published: February 2025

For much of the global population, climate change appears as a slow, gradual shift in daily weather. This leads many to perceive its impacts as minor and results in apathy (the "boiling frog" effect). How can we convey the urgency of the crisis when its impacts appear so subtle? Here, through a series of large-scale cognitive experiments (N=799), we find that presenting people with binary climate data (e.g., lake freeze history) significantly increases the perceived impact of climate change (Cohen's d = 0.40 [0.26, 0.54]) compared to continuous data (e.g., mean temperature). Computational modeling and follow-up experiments (N=398) suggest that binary data enhances perceived impact by creating an "illusion" of sudden shifts. Crucially, our approach does not involve selective data presentation but rather compares different datasets that reflect equivalent trends in climate change over time. These findings, robustly replicated across multiple experiments, provide a cognitive basis for the "boiling frog" effect and offer a psychologically grounded approach for policymakers and educators to improve climate change communication while maintaining scientific accuracy.
Human Body, Existence, and Design: An Insight into Yellapragada SubbaRow’s Philosophy
Authors: Bhatnagar Avani
Published: February 2025

In his eponymous poem, Robert Frost conceptualizes design as a fundamental aspect of human existence, exploring the interplay between life’s grand forces and the underlying philosophical structure of existence. This notion is paralleled in the human body, viewed as a living embodiment of design, encompassing both external appearance and internal complexity. Biomedical science, particularly significant during the pandemic, has reshaped our comprehension of the human body, influencing lifestyle and societal perceptions. Yellapragada SubbaRow, an Indian-born American biochemist, made groundbreaking contributions to medical science, including the development of methotrexate for cancer treatment, the application of folic acid in prenatal care, and the creation of a versatile antibiotic. These advancements, alongside the pandemic-induced shift in societal outlook, have altered the approach to human health and wellness. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has drawn the world’s attention to the ethical and aesthetic dimensions of biomedical practice, SubbaRow’s contributions may serve as excellent exemplars of integrating scientific innovation with philosophical inquiry, advocating for an approach that harmonizes scientific rigor with ethical integrity to foster civilizational progress. The study contends that design transcends mere tools and structures, embodying the fusion of human perception and intellect, which drives creativity and innovation essential for human evolution. Through examining SubbaRow’s philosophy, this article seeks to elucidate the post-pandemic paradigm shift in human existence and its ethical implications.
Legacies of Resistance: Emerson, Buddhism, and Richard Wright’s Pragmatist Poetics
Authors: Patterson Anita
Published: February 2025

Emerson’s affinity with Buddhism has been the source of much controversy, and his adaptation of the doctrine translated as Buddhist “indifference” has been construed as stifling resistance to social injustice. I will revisit this topic, explaining why Emerson figures so prominently in discussions of Buddhism by the philosopher D. T. Suzuki and the British scholar R. H. Blyth, in order to develop a context for analyzing modes of resistance in Richard Wright’s late haiku-inspired poetry. A central question raised in critical debates is whether or not Wright turns away in these poems from the social and political concerns of his earlier works. I will show that their significance and force as protest poetry is considerably stronger when regarded in light of Wright’s “tough-souled pragmatism” and an Emersonian pragmatist tradition elaborated by scholars such as Cornel West, James Albrecht, and Douglas Anderson, a tradition characterized by East-West intercultural exchange that includes John Dewey and Ralph Ellison. Contextualized and enriched by this tradition, the poem Wright selected out of the 4000 to open his collection, “I am nobody,” can be read as alluding to Ellison’s allusion to Emerson in Invisible Man, protesting what Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. would some years later memorably describe as “a degenerating sense of ‘nobodiness’” in his celebrated “Letter from Birmingham City Jail.” I will conclude with a brief consideration of how Wright’s creative engagement with Buddhism in the work of T. S. Eliot illuminates Emerson’s vastly neglected contribution to the development of high modernism.
Travel for the Dying: Ceauşescu’s Romania as Seen by Saul Bellow
Authors: Koy Christopher E.
Published: February 2025

Saul Bellow (1915–2005) traveled to Bucharest in December, 1978, to assist his Romanian-born wife who wished to attend to her dying mother. He experienced Bucharest for the first time and realistically conveyed his wife’s humiliating experience with the Securitate of Ceauşescu’s regime in the novel The Dean’s December (1982). This contribution will underscore the anxiety which Bellow experienced writing the novel, leading him to pre-emptive self-censorship, undermining to some extent his brief look inside communist Romania and its people during its repressive years. Bellow followed up that novel 18 years later with a pronounced anti-Romanian take in Ravelstein (2000) in which, among other themes, the youthful fascist past his former university colleague and friend Mircea Eliade is exploited to implicate Eliade in Profesor Ioan Culianu’s murder on campus in 1991. Ravelstein is revealed as a cruel novel impugning a few stand-in Romanian characters, as Bellow exposes his thoroughly modified perspective on Romania.
El País de las Amazonas: Una delimitación imaginada en la cartografía francesa colonial del siglo XVIII
Authors: Unigarro Daniel Esteban
Published: February 2025

Since the mid-16th century, cartographic representations of the New World included a large river that crossed the southern continent from east to west. Despite names such as Santa María de la Mar Dulce or Río de Orellana, in reference to the Spanish captain who led the expedition that made its hazardous discovery in 1542, a mythical European reference ended up prevailing: the Amazons River. This hydronym also became the toponym that since then refers to the extensive basin defined by the wide main channel with its innumerable tributaries. Nevertheless, during the colonial domination period, none of the European empires used the term “Amazon” to officially name any of their jurisdictions in America. Then the aim is to demonstrate how French cartography produced during the 18th century constantly presented and reproduced an imagined territorial delimitation marked as “the Country of the Amazons”, probably in accordance with the French colonial interest in establishing a presence in the region disputed mainly by the Spanish and Portuguese. Although, in the end, such delimitation was just another product of the colonial geographic imagination and, specially, of the mythical imaginaries associated with the region since its discovery.
Frequency of Orgasm in Non-Clinical Samples: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Levaque Enya , Sawatsky Megan L. , Kingston Drew A. , Pullman Lesleigh , Walters Lucas , Fox Mélanie , Lalumière Martin L.
Published: February 2025

Frequency of sexual activity is an important aspect of sexual health with extreme ends of the continuum being embedded in definitions of inhibited (e.g., low sexual desire) and disinhibited (e.g., hypersexuality) sexual response. Number of orgasms is one, albeit imperfect, measure of frequency of sexual activity. Clinicians and researchers have utilized a cut-off of seven orgasms per week to denote high frequency of sexual behaviour. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the average number of orgasms per week in non-clinical samples to provide updated benchmarks for typical and atypical sexual behaviour frequency. We also estimated the number of females and males who meet the seven orgasms per week criterion. Twenty-nine studies met the selection criteria, reporting on 36 non-overlapping samples of 14,297 females and 9,111 males. The dependent variable was total sexual outlet (TSO), defined as the number of orgasms per week by any means (i.e., solitary and partnered sex). The average TSO was 2.52 for females and 4.38 for males, although considerable variability was observed across studies. Higher TSO averages were obtained in more recent studies, younger samples, samples with a lower proportion of straight participants, and samples with a higher proportion of single participants. A Monte Carlo simulation suggested that 2.1% of females and 24.0% of males met the seven orgasms per week criterion. Implications of these results in identifying hypersexuality as well as the place of orgasm frequency in the broader concept of compulsive sexual behaviour disorder are discussed.
LOGISTICS PROCESS MANAGEMENT USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Emeliane Gogilidze  , Natia Gogilidze
Published: February 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been developing particularly fast recently and is becoming part of many areas of our daily lives. The development of artificial intelligence based on the Big Language Model has changed the job descriptions of many people. According to a Goldman Sachs study, generative AI will impact 300 million jobs, and according to a January 2023 study by platform Fishbowl, 43% of employees use AI in their professional lives. At the same time, such a rapid spread of AI is associated with some degree of danger for many. In March 2023, more than 1,000 people working in AI, including Ilon Musk, signed a petition calling for a 6-month moratorium on the development of large AI systems until their capabilities and associated threats are properly understood.Logistics is one industry where AI can have a transformative impact. It can be used in both the storage/transportation phases of product storage and consumption. AI can help address the challenges the sector faces today - managing logistics processes/optimizing production, managing demand, ensuring the sustainability of logistics systems, and simplifying the logistics transition, including reducing production and transportation costs.
Uso de focus groups en investigación científica: Guía práctica para investigadores
Authors:   Universidad de Cádiz, Sanz-Marcos Paloma
Published: February 2025

Este artículo ofrece una guía práctica para investigadores que se inician en la
técnica cualitativa de focus groups. Explora su aplicación, ventajas y limitaciones, y
proporciona recomendaciones detalladas para una implementación satisfactoria. Su
objetivo es servir como una herramienta útil para los que buscan comprender y
utilizar esta técnica.
Identification of Key Traits Influencing Tomato Genotype Performance Using Principal Component Analysis
Authors: A RAFIQUE
Published: February 2025

This study examines tomato genotype variability concerning morphological and biochemical fruit attributes. The Ayub Agriculture Research Institute in Faisalabad, Pakistan has a genetic collection of tomato plants that includes experimental material. Fruit size, locule count, index of fruit form, fruit color, dry matter content, total sugar contents, total acidity, lycopene, and vitamin C content were all examined about genotypes. The key markers of variability (CV and σ) and the minimum, maximum, and mean values were computed. Using principal component analysis, the variability source structure was determined. Four main components that account for 93.74% of the overall variability were chosen for analysis. The definition of the first primary component includes vitamin C, locule number, and fruit form index. Dry matter content and overall acidity decide the second component, whereas lycopene, fruit mass, and fruit color determine the third. The most significant portion of the fourth component was made up of total sugars.
Experiencias en enfermería basadas en el diario de práctica clínica
Authors: Meléndez Chávez Sendy
Published: February 2025

Introducción: La práctica clínica en la formación de enfermería es el espacio donde estudiantes y pacientes interactúan, brindando a los futuros profesionales la oportunidad de aplicar cuidados con el apoyo de pares y docentes. Metodología: El uso del diario de práctica clínica es fundamental, ya que permite al estudiante reflexionar sobre sus experiencias, sirviendo como una fuente valiosa de información que enriquece el aprendizaje práctico. Resultados: El diario de práctica clínica se convierte en una herramienta pedagógica que mejora el trabajo docente, permitiendo analizar fortalezas y oportunidades, lo que contribuye a enriquecer las prácticas en el ambiente real. Discusión y Conclusiones: Este enfoque mejora el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, promoviendo un cuidado humano, ético y empático de manera responsable, y destacando la importancia de la reflexión continua en la formación profesional.
Modeling of Unsteady Heat Transfer through Building Envelopes with Light Ventilated Facades and Roofs
Authors: Okunev A. Yu. , Levin E. V.
Published: February 2025

Enclosing structures of buildings constantly change external thermal conditions, which leads to changes in the internal thermal microclimate of premises, which must be taken into account when designing thermal protection of buildings and engineering systems for heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Building envelopes contain ventilated facades and/or roofs with a ventilated gap. In most known research results and calculation methods of the heat transfer through structures is not fully and accurately taken into account due to the complexity of its mechanism, non-stationary external thermal effects. The reason is the low efficiency and accuracy of calculation methods.

Purpose: The creation of the effective physical and mathematical model that allows calculating non-steady heat transfer through wall enclosures and coatings containing light facades with a ventilated gap.

Methodology: A combined analytical and numerical model is proposed for the heat transfer through wall enclosing structures and coatings containing a ventilated facade. The model includes an iterative calculation of non-stationary heat transfer in a ventilated gap using balance equations of non-stationary heat in a ventilated layer, taking into account the finite-difference detailed calculation of non-stationary heat transfer in the enclosing structure.

Research findings: Based on the proposed model, good agreement is shown for experimental data and theoretical calculations. For the model testing, the heat gain into the room through a light ventilated facade and in its absence are considered. It is shown that in summer, the ventilated facade allows for a significant heat reduction in the room, despite an insignificant change in the heat transfer resistance.
Strength Analysis of Prefabricated Bituminous Slab on Elastic Half-Space
Authors: Chernyshova N. A. , Alekseev A. A. , Bannikov A. A.
Published: February 2025

The paper studies a prefabricated bituminous slab on elastic half-space having inertia when operating at live loads.

Purpose: The building mechanics problem is solved for the prefabricated bituminous slab as a structural element of roadway with the detection of displacements of elastic half-space, partial slab detachment from the base and parasitic oscillations. 

Research findings: An attempt is made to provide the accurate strength analysis of the prefabricated bituminous slab.

Practical implications: A mathematical calculation apparatus is presented for the contact of a temporary automobile load with the bituminous slab, depending on the boundary conditions of elastic half-space.
Potencijal uzgoja, dorade i skladištenja gorušice
Authors: Matin Ana , Brandić Ivan , Špelić Karlo , Matin Božidar , Jurišić Vanja , Brezinščak Luka
Published: February 2025

Kao jedna od najstarijih kultiviranih biljaka, gorušica ima značajan uzgojni potencijal koji se može iskoristiti u proizvodnji hrane, medicinske svrhe i kemijskoj industriji. Unatoč povoljnoj klimi i uvjetima za njen uzgoj, gorušica ostaje nedovoljno zastupljena u poljoprivrednoj praksi Republike Hrvatske, što predstavlja neiskorišteni potencijal razvoja poljoprivredne proizvodnje i diversifikacije tržišta. Cilj rada je istražiti potencijal gorušice kao poljoprivredne kulture i mogućnosti njene primjene u navedenim područjima. Istraživanje uključuje pregled tehnika sušenja i skladištenja sjemena, koje su od iznimne važnosti za očuvanje nutritivne vrijednosti i kvalitete. Gorušica, kao prilagodljiva kultura, može značajno doprinijeti razvoju održive poljoprivrede i tržišta inovativnih proizvoda, čime se otvara potencijal za njenu širu primjenu i gospodarsko valoriziranje.
Дослідження коефіцієнтів зчеплення та опору коченню автомобільних шин
Authors: Шевчук Р. , Сукач О. , Миронюк О. , Шевчук В. , Габрієль Ю.
Published: February 2025

Для визначення тягово-зчіпних показників автомобілів, зокрема коефіцієнтів опору коченню і зчеплення автомобілів, широко використовується спосіб буксирування, який може реалізуватись доволі простим пристроєм, оснащеним горизонтально розташованим динамометром та гнучким буксирним пасом. Вказаний спосіб характеризується великою похибкою визначення середнього зусилля буксирування, яке зумовлене мінливістю взаємодії колісних рушіїв з опорною поверхнею і, відповідно, низькою точністю визначення способом буксирування як коефіцієнта зчеплення з опорною поверхнею, так і інших тягово-зчіпних показників, зокрема коефіцієнта опору коченню.
Стандартний тяговий пристрій для визначення тягово-зчіпних властивостей мобільних енергетичних засобів характеризується значним елементарним інтервалом вимірювання ∆tді, який обмежений можливістю людини візуально спостерігати і реєструвати поточні покази динамометра. Значний елементарний інтервал ∆tді спричиняє низьку точність визначення зусилля буксирування й відповідно середнього значення сили, коефіцієнта опору коченню та зчеплення. Це зумовлено зміною показів динамометра зі значною швидкістю через мінливість мікропрофілю дороги. Тому візуальний спосіб спостереження під час досліджень вкрай неточний.
Розроблено методику та програмний комплекс для підвищення точності визначення зусилля буксирування мобільних енергетичних засобів, яка забезпечується зменшенням елементарного інтервалу реєстрації значень вимірювання. Запропонований програмний модуль приєднується до силової тензоланки електронного динамометра. Модуль представлений у вигляді мікросхеми з аналогово-цифровим перетворювачем, що з’єднується через мікроконтролер з шиною підключення зовнішніх пристроїв та інтерфейс виводу даних. Така архітектура модуля забезпечує передачу даних на електронний носій інформації ‑ карту пам’яті чи персональний комп’ютер.
Визначено коефіцієнти опору коченню та зчеплення коліс Debica Passio 2 175/70 R13 82T автомобіля ЗАЗ Sens для різних типів опорної поверхні. Встановлено, що для асфальтованої дороги значення φі перебуває в межах 0,6914…0,7162 із середнім значенням 0,698. Для ґрунтової дороги значення φі перебуває в межах 0,5754…0,6144 із середнім значенням 0,595. Для гравійної ділянки дороги значення коливаються в межах 0,3755…0,4451 із середнім значенням 0,408. Найменші значення φі отримано для мокрої ґрунтової дороги – 0,3275…0,3768 із середнім значенням 0,358.
Для зимових шин коефіцієнт зчеплення для асфальтованої дороги φі  є в межах 0,6138…0,6514 із середнім значенням 0,6280. Для ґрунтової дороги значення φі  ‑ 0,5799…0,6045 із середнім значенням 0,5919. Для гравійної ділянки дороги значення коливаються в межах 0,3847…0,4041 із середнім значенням 0,3945. Більші порівняно з літніми шинами значення φі  отримано для мокрої ґрунтової дороги – 0,3761…0,3908 із середнім значенням 0,3825.
Johdatus oikeuteen ja oikeudelliseen ajatteluun
Authors: Letto-Vanamo Pia
Published: February 2025

Kirja on johdatus oikeuteen ja oikeudelliseen ajatteluun. Siinä käsitellään keskeisiä oikeudellisia instituutioita ja toimijoita. Lisäksi tarkastellaan oikeustieteellisen ajattelun perusteita ja juristin ammattitoiminnan keskeisiä kysymyksiä. Tarkoitus on antaa lukijalle monipuolinen yleiskuva siitä, mitä oikeus on. Miten oikeus syntyy ja muuttuu, ja miten sitä käytetään, kuuluvat kirjan keskeisiin kysymyksiin. Kuten kirjasta käy ilmi, oikeudella on läheinen yhteys kieleen, ja oikeudellisessa toiminnassa edellytetään oikeuskielen, oikeudellisten termien ja käsitteiden, hallitsemista.
Artificial Intelligence in the Mirror of Education: The Problem of Dialogue
Authors: Korol A. D. , Bushmanova E. A.
Published: February 2025

The meanings and goals of mass education are to transfer pedagogically adapted social experience from teacher to student. Such education has the character of transmission and is therefore monologue-like; it reflects the idea of a person as a “blank sheet”. However, experience and knowledge cannot be conveyed directly; they are formed from within. The transfer of impersonal information in a ready-made form does not take into account the personal characteristics, meanings and goals of the student himself, who does not participate in the creation of knowledge. This approach leads to the training of a specialist prone to imitation, which helps to accelerate the historical process, leads to the atomization of personality and increased aggression.

Artificial intelligence, performing an increasing number of functions for humans, saves them time and facilitates professional and personal actions by facilitating the transfer of information, which many people may consuder a sinonom of a “knowledge”.

Can artificial intelligence not only serve as a generator of solutions to student’s needs, but also help identify, unlock and realize their potential? In other words, can it support the student in a subject-to-subject interaction with other students and teachers within the framework of dialogical education?

Monologue education and artificial intelligence have one important feature in common – the lack of internal creativity. We believe that artificial intelligence cannot be a subject due to the lack of boundaries, since new meanings are always born in dialogue based on the self of the subjects. Artificial intelligence does not have an internal space of meanings, which is the basic condition for dialogue.

Artificial intelligence enhances the negative features of monologue education. It makes a person’s life easier, but it does so by reducing opportunities for their development.

Heuristic-type education, dialogical in nature, acts as a student’s assistant in his creative selfrealization and develops the qualities of a creator’s personality capable of effective interaction with artificial intelligence.
Teaching the Fundamentals of Russian Statehood
Authors: Andreev A. L. , Andreev I. A.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to understanding the teaching practice of the academic subject “Fundamentals of Russian Statehood” introduced in 2023. The authors share their impressions about how this subject was perceived in the student audience, analyze its meaningful connections with other academic subjects of the socio-humanitarian cycle and, above all, with the course on the history of Russia, and make suggestions for optimizing these connections. Based on the accumulated experience, the authors express their opinion on the means and ways to improve the teaching of the fundamentals of Russian statehood. In particular, the article suggests that when developing curricula on this subject, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the world views developing among young people, as well as the patterns of perception caused by these features. The article substantiates the need to monitor the dynamics of views and opinions of the youth environment through sociological monitoring, the results of which should be analyzed.
Personalized Learning Based on Artificial Intelligence: How Ready Are Modern Students for New Educational Opportunities
Authors: Sysoyev P. V.
Published: February 2025

One of the key advantages of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into education is the creation of conditions for the implementation of a personalized learning model – a system developing individual potential, in which the learner is the main subject of the educational process and, in accordance with individual abilities, interests and needs, selects the educational content and chooses methods, techniques, and means of teaching, determines the pace of mastering the educational material and takes responsibility for the process and outcome of the learning. At the same time, the readiness of students to use a personalized form of learning will largely determine its effectiveness. The goal of the study is to determine the readiness of Russian university students for personalized learning based on AI tools. Based on the analysis of academic literature, the following semantic components of personalized learning were proposed: a) student subjectivity; b) partnership; c) dominance of problem-solving assignment; d) pace; e) adaptability, and f) An online survey was conducted to determine the students’ readiness for personalized learning. The respondents were 1,211 students from 38 Russian universities. The results of the questionnaire survey indicate that at the present stage about 50% of students use AI to solve various educational tasks. The opinions of students were divided regarding their readiness for personalized learning. About 45–60% of respondents expressed their readiness for such learning, 25–30% of respondents were neutral and 5–10% had a negative attitude on most issues. The data obtained indicate that at the present time, personalized learning cannot be widespread. Not all students of Russian universities fully understand the essence and potential of personalized learning, are ready and willing to act as subjects of the educational process, bearing full responsibility for the process and outcome of learning. Personalized learning places new demands on teachers, whose function is to prepare students for interaction with AI, adequately assess their abilities, formulate the goal of learning, check feedback materials from generative AI, build an individual learning trajectory, determine the pace of learning, select the content, means and methods of teaching, reflection, etc.
Students’ Independent Work as a Factor in Forming Agency in Modern Higher Education
Authors: Besschetnova O. V. , Fomina S. N. , Besschetnova O. V.
Published: February 2025

The article substantiates the relevance and significance of students’ independent work in the process of obtaining higher education for the formation of agency as a broader concept, including the ability to influence the processes of one’s own life through actions and deeds; the role of independent work as a compulsory form of higher education, provided for by Federal State Educational Standard 3++, is highlighted, its importance in training personnel in conditions of increasing competition in the labor market. The purpose of the article is to establish the main types of independent work offered by modern universities and to assess their (in) effectiveness, from the point of view of students, for mastering a future profession; to identify the relationship between independent work as a component of the educational process and student agency. The article presents the results of sociological research conducted in 2023-2025, based on quantitative (online survey) and qualitative methodology (focus group method). The results of the study allow us to conclude that it is necessary to revise the forms of independent work by university teachers, to introduce new methods of working with the modern generation of students, relevant to the ongoing changes in the conditions of the digital society, in order to increase the level of their agency. The results of the study can be recommended for use in higher education to improve the quality of personnel training and enhance student motivation for professional activities in their chosen specialty.