bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lithofacies and Diagenetic Controls on Tight Silty and Sandy Upper Triassic Reservoirs of the Heshui Oil Field (Ordos Basin, North China)
Authors: Hu Chenlin , Han Changcheng , Tian Jijun , Fu Zhiqiang , Ma Jinghui , Algeo Thomas J.
Published: January 2023

Tight oil, present in reservoirs of low porosity and permeability, can be regarded as a kind of unconventional resource. The tightening process in this kind of reservoir is controlled by the lithology and diagenetic history of the host formation. Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation siltstones and sandstones are the main reservoirs for hydrocarbon accumulation in the Heshui Oil Field (HOF), southwestern Ordos Basin. The reservoirs exhibit low porosity, low permeability, and strong heterogeneity. In recent years, numerous drillcores have been recovered from these units, but the porosity-permeability characteristics and burial history of these silty and sandy reservoirs have not yet been reported in detail. In this study, an integrated analysis of the lithofacies, diagenesis, and reservoir characteristics of the siltstones and sandstones was achieved using a combination of core and thin section, grain size, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), δ13C and δ18O, mercury intrusion capillary pressure (MICP), and porosity and permeability data. Our primary goals were to quantify the porosity-permeability characteristics of these silty and sandy reservoirs, restore their diagenetic histories, and examine the paragenetic relationship of reservoir tightness to hydrocarbon accumulation. The silty and sandy reservoirs represent braided river delta facies consisting of compositionally and texturally immature sediments. In the burial environment, they underwent complex diagenetic processes that reduced porosity from an initial average of ~38% to the present ~8%. Porosity-destructive processes included compaction (~ –12.5%) and cementation (~ –21%), with increases in porosity related to grain dissolution (~ +2.2%) and tectonic fractures (~ +1.1%). The reservoirs underwent four diagenetic stages: (1) Penesyngenetic and Eogenetic A Stage (Late Triassic-Early Jurassic); (2) Eogenetic B Stage (Late Jurassic); (3) Early Mesogenetic A Stage (Early Cretaceous); and (4) Late Mesogenetic A Stage (Late Cretaceous to recent). Hydrocarbon charging of these reservoirs occurred in three pulses. Existing pore space was partly filled by hydrocarbons during the Eogenetic B Stage. A second hydrocarbon charging event occurred during the Early Mesogenetic A Stage, when residual primary intergranular pores and secondary dissolution pores were filled. A third hydrocarbon charging event occurred during the Late Mesogenetic A Stage, when the reservoirs were tight. Siltstone beds deposited in delta front environments are the main future exploration targets in the Chang 6 to 8 members. The results of this study provide a useful reference framework for future exploration of hydrocarbon resources in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation of the HOF, as well as potential insights into the evolution of similarly tight reservoirs in other basins.
Prediction of the incidence of colorectal cancer by routine laboratory tests and anthropometric measurements about metabolism
Authors: Cheng Binglu , Han Xu , Wan Hongjuan , Sun Zhijun , Wang Weisheng
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between metabolic disorders and the morbidity of colorectal cancer (CRC) compared with colorectal adenoma (CRA) and non-neoplastic inpatients, especially to investigate which anthropometric measures were better predictors of CRC.Methods80 patients with CRC, 80 patients with CRA and 80 non-neoplastic patients were selected from April 2017 to April 2019. The data of routine laboratory tests and anthropometric measurements about metabolism were analyzed retrospectively. Multinomial Logistic regression analysis was used to estimated odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risk of morbidity of CRC associated with potential risk factors.ResultsCompared with CRA, OR of CRC was enhanced by weight loss self-reported, lower-hemoglobin and hypoproteinemia. Compared with non-neoplastic controls, diabetes, higher waist-neck ratio (WNR) and The Metabolic syndrome (MetS) identifified by the Chinese Diabetes Society was associated with signifificant increasing risk of all CRC patients. while in male subgroup, OR of CRC was enhanced by diabetes, higher hip circumference, waist-neck ratio (WNR)>2.42 (OR = 2.795, 95%CI: 1.169-6.680), waist-height ratio (WHtR)>0.550 (OR = 3.009, 95%CI: 1.260-7.185) and MetS. In female subgroup, only waist-hip ratio (WHR)>0.890 (multivariable-adjusted OR = 3.354, 95%CI: 1.011-11.129) was significantly associated with increased risk of CRC compared with colorectal adenoma and non-neoplastic controls. The risk factors for CRA were similar to CRC compared with non-neoplastic controls.ConclusionAbdominal fat patients have a high incidence of CRC and CRA. For male, MetS, high level WNR and WHtR caused an increasing risk for CRC. For female, Only WHR is a high-risk factor. The patients with these high risk factors need to strengthen colorectal cancer screening, which is of great significance for the prevention and early detection of colorectal cancer.
SPRR1B+ keratinocytes prime oral mucosa for rapid wound healing
via STAT3 activation
Authors: Xuanyuan Xinyang , Zhang Li , Zheng Yang , Jiang Ruixin , Ma Yanni , Lei Ming , Xu Hui , Zeng Hanlin
Published: January 2023

Oral mucosa wounds repair faster with less scars than skin, which has been regarded as optimal wound healing system. However, the major cell subtypes that mediate mucosal fast healing remain unclear. By integrative analysis of bulk mRNA sequencing and single-cell sequencing data during wound healing in oral mucosa and skin, we identified one keratinocyte subpopulation, named SPRR1B+ keratinocytes, as major source of wound healing genes expression regulated by transcription factor STAT3. While SPRR1B+ keratinocytes were only enriched in healthy oral mucosa but not in skin, these keratinocytes were rapidly induced during skin wound healing, indicating that SPRR1B+ keratinocytes prime oral mucosa for fast wound healing. In short, by expression analysis of human oral and skin wound healing process at single-cell resolution followed by mice model validation, we identified STAT3-activated SPRR1B+ keratinocytes as the key cells priming mucosa fast repair, indicating its application in management of chronic or unhealing wounds.
Oral carbonhydrate 2 hours before surgery does’t increase the risk of reflux and aspiration：A randomized controlled trial in volunteers
Authors: Zhang Gang , Huang Xiaoyan , Feng Ji , Zhang Lan
Published: January 2023

Background: Due to concerns of both physicians and patients about aspiration, the duration of fasting before surgery is far beyond the recommended guideline, which will bring a series of adverse reactions. It still remains to be controversial that patients drink carbonhydrate before operation.
Methods: Volunteers were randomly divided into Group C and D. After 6 hours of fasting, the subjects in group C drank carbonhydrate less than 400ml, and the subjects in group D continued fasting without any beverage. The subjects in both groups received ultrasound evaluation every hour thereafter. The primary outcomes were the incidence of risk stomach, and the secondary outcomes were gastric volume and the visual analogue scale of hunger, thirst, and anxiety.
Results: There were no significant differences in general data. The total incidences of risk stomach in group C and D were 100% vs 13%, 70% vs 10%, 13.3% vs 6.6%, 10% vs 6.6% at T0,T1,T2,T3, respectively. There were no significant differences in the primary outcome between the two groups at T2 and T3. The gastric volume of group C and D were 36.08±16.90 vs 1.01±16.89, 25.67±20.67 vs 0.54±18.10, 6.89±18.32 vs -1.70±15.32, 2.74±16.48 vs -0.70±17.57 at T0, T1, T2, T3. The VAS of hunger and thirst and the VAS of anxiety in the two groups were 0.60±0.62 vs 1.00±0.70 and 0.70±0.70 vs 1.13±0.51, respectively.
Conclusion: Compared with non-beverage subjects, oral carbohydrate more than 2 hours before surgery not only did not increase the incidence of risk stomach, but also reduced preoperative hunger, thirst, and anxiety.
Trial registration: Registration date: 7/2/2021; Registration number: ChiCTR2100043166;
Evaluation of bioclinical markers to predict short term response to intravitreal anti-VEGF in treatment-naive diabetic macular edema and the “Fried Egg” sign : a novel OCT feature
Authors: Govindaraj Indu , Pradeep Neethu , Thulasiraman Mugundan , Mahalingam Maanasi , Rajendran Anand , Vasudevan Damodaran , Kariya Bharg N , Kothandaraman Aruna
Published: January 2023

Objective: To determine the incidence of suspended scattering particles in motion (SSPiM) and to assess baseline bioclinical markers in treatment-naive diabetic macular edema (DME) which can predict the short term response to intravitreal anti-VEGF.Design: Prospective observational study.Participants: Treatment-naive DME patients from January 2022 to June 2022 were included in the study.Methods: Treatment-naive DME cases were included and followed up for three months. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), SSPiM, HbA1c levels, hyperreflective dots (HRD), sub retinal fluid (SRF), central subfoveal thickness (CSFT), optical density ratio (ODR) of the largest cyst near the fovea, type of cyst (uniformly hyperreflective or fragmented intracystic hyperreflectivity called "fried egg" sign) at baseline were studied to predict response to treatment after anti-VEGF.Results:123 eyes of 88 patients were included in the study. Incidence of SSPiM was 64.5%.The mean incidence of poor responders was 35%. BCVA, ODR, hyperreflective cysts and presence of SSPiM were not associated with response to anti-VEGF. Higher CSFT, SRF, higher number of HRD, presence of SSPiM in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) and outer plexiform layer (OPL) were associated with short term good response to anti-VEGF. High HbA1c and presence of "fried egg" sign in the hyperreflective cysts were associated with poor response.Conclusion:Higher CSFT, SSPiM in the ONL and OPL, and higher HRD were associated with good response to antI-VEGF. High HbA1c and "fried egg" sign was associated with poor response to anti-VEGF. BCVA, presence of SSPiM and ODR were not associated with anti-VEGF response.
Trends in medical education: integrating medical humanities in all curricula——A new curriculum evaluation index system
Authors: Jin Weiqiong , Fang Yinghui , Lv Yijun
Published: January 2023

Background: Classrooms are the central front for education. In China's fight against COVID-19, doctors have saved lives with their exquisite medical skills and humane professional spirit and won widespread praise from the people. This is related to China's long-standing insistence on strengthening ideological and political education in the classroom and integrating medical humanistic elements into the medical curriculum. To consolidate the education’s effect, the Chinese government calls for integrating the content of ideological and political education into professional courses and puts forward the concept of ‘curriculum ideology and politics’, which coincides with the idea of strengthening medical humanistic education in medical courses. Therefore, curriculum ideology and politics have effectively integrated medical humanities into medical curriculum education. This study aimed to create an ‘Ideological and Political Teaching Evaluation Index System for Medical Courses’ to evaluate the effect of ideological and political education in medical courses.
Methods: This study organically combined ideological and political education, medical humanities, and medical professional curriculum education to construct an ‘Ideological and Political Teaching Evaluation System for Medical Courses’. This study used the Delphi method and recruited 13 Chinese medical education experts with senior professional titles to revise and assess the teaching evaluation index system and use the analytic hierarchy process to analyse the index system. The constructed ‘Ideological and Political Teaching Evaluation System for Medical Courses’ contained three first-level, nine second-level, and 27 third-level indicators.
Results: The index evaluation matrix satisfied the consistency test at all levels, with a consistency ratio of less than 0.1. Among them, the weight coefficients of the three first-level indicators such as value leading, knowledge teaching and quality training, are 36.782%, 30.460% and 32.759%, respectively. The weight distribution of each indicator is relatively balanced, and the second-level and third-level indicators’ setting is relatively reasonable.
Conclusions: This index system can guide medical courses’ ideological and political construction. At the end of the course, the teaching quality can be evaluated from the perspectives of teachers and students, which can effectively evaluate the ideological and political education and medical humanities improvement effect of this course and ensure the teaching quality.
Transdiagnostic associations between anger hostility and chemokine interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 (CXCL 10)
Authors: Soloey-Nilsen Hedda , Nygaard-Odeh Kristin , Kristiansen Magnhild Gangsoey , Kvig Erling Inge , Brekke Ole Lars , Mollnes Tom Eirik , Berk Michael , Reitan Solveig Klaebo , Oiesvold Terje
Published: January 2023

Background
Many psychiatric disorders are linked to low grade systemic inflammation as measured by systemic cytokine levels. Exploration of cytokines and immune activity and their role in psychiatric symptoms may inform pathobiology and treatment opportunities.
Methods
This was a cross sectional naturalistic study with 132 participants from a general open inpatient psychiatric ward at the Nordland Hospital Trust, Norway. Serum levels of 28 different cytokines were assessed. Psychiatric symptoms the last week were assessed by a self-rating scale (Symptom check list, SCL-90- R) and grouped in defined clusters. Multiple linear regression model was used for statistical analyses of associations between levels of cytokines and symptoms, adjusting for possible confounding factors.
Results
We found a positive association (p0.009) between the chemokine interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 (CXCL 10; IP-10) and the anger hostility cluster. No associations were found between the other symptom clusters and cytokines. IP-10 and the anger hostility cluster were positively associated (p 0.002) in the subgroup of patients using psychotropic medication, not in the subgroup not using psychotropic medication.
Conclusion
Our analyses revealed a significant positive association between the symptom cluster anger hostility in SCL-90-R and the chemokine IP-10 in the subgroup of patients using psychotropic medications.
Surface metallization of human hair via electroless copper-plating for self- supported nonenzymatic glucose sensor
Authors: Qian Kunpeng , Xu Yanfang , Miao Miao , Deng Dongmei , Luo Liqiang , Li Yuanyuan , Feng Xin
Published: January 2023

Surface engineering of human hair was successfully used as a self-supported electrochemical sensor to detect glucose in human serum. Polydopamine (PDA) was firstly grafted on hair by oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine and then the copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were electrolessly deposited to achieve surface metallization of hair (hair@CuNPs). The hair@CuNPs composites with uniformly dispersed conductive layer in 8 µm thickness exhibited outstanding electrocatalytic activity towards glucose oxidation. Under optimal conditions, the amperometric response of glucose on hair@CuNPs composites as self-supported nonenzymatic glucose sensor covered two linear ranges of 0.002–5 mM and 5–35 mM, respectively, and the detection limit was 1.62 µM. The proposed method provides an easy and inexpensive way to fabricate hair@CuNPs biosensor for detecting glucose level in human serum samples, indicating that hair@CuNPs composites have promising practical applications in biological analysis.
Identification of novel compound ATP7B mutations in a child with rare Wilson disease: A case report
Authors: Ma Di , Zhang Jian-Ling , Huang Zhi-Hua , Ai Guo , Li Ge , Shu Sai-Nan
Published: January 2023

Background
Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal-recessive metabolic disorder characterized by excess copper accumulation predominantly in the liver, brain, and cornea. Clinical diagnosis of WD remains a challenge because of its phenotypic heterogeneity. Here we describe the novel mutation (p. K838N) in the ATP7B gene of a child with WD. The mutation affects a conserved ATP-binding domain that is involved in the catalytic cycle. We also describe the clinical outcome of this patient.
Case presentation:
We reported a successful early diagnosis and treatment of WD in a 5-year-old boy who presented with unexplained liver dysfunction and hepatitis. Using whole-exome sequencing (WES), we identified a novel ATP7B mutation, K838N, which is valuable for early diagnosis of WD. After combination therapy with penicillamine, zinc supplement, low-copper diet, and supportive treatments for infections, liver problems, and jaundice, the patient’s medical condition gradually improved and stabilized in a clinical follow-up. We suggested that the novel K838N mutation in the case of WD might impair protein function and contribute to WD progression.
Conclusions
This case emphasizes the importance of WD diagnostic tests during clinical evaluation for patients presenting with an unexplained liver disorder in childhood for better outcomes and genetic counseling.
Urinary FBP1 as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and progression of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Zhang Mingchao , Wang Jing , Liu Yanyan , Lu Rui , Shi Jingsong , Chen Xi , Li Limin
Published: January 2023

Background: The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is complex, and its onset is occult. It should be considered from multiple levels and angles using the concept of "system biology". New technologies, such as omics and high-throughput screening, provide more strategies for the screening of ideal markers of DN.
Methods: we used data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry for urine proteomic analysis of DN patients at different pathological stages and healthy controls.
Results: Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1) was specifically found in the urine of DN patients but not in that of healthy controls. Then, ELISA demonstrated that the urinary level of FBP1 in DN patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls. We further verified the higher levels of urine FBP1 in association with DN than in association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nondiabetic nephropathy. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that FBP1 can distinguish DN and T2DM patients, and the AUC was 0.889 (sensitivity: 80%, specificity: 85%). Correlation analysis revealed that the level of urinary FBP1 was positively correlated with the progression of DN, as reflected by the fact that urinary FBP1 was negatively correlated with e-GFR and positively correlated with urea nitrogen, the interstitial inflammation score, and the interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) score.
Conclusions: The source of urinary FBP1 was traced, and it was revealed that it was specifically reduced in proximal renal tubules with the progression of DN, supporting the view that urinary FBP1 can be used as a marker for the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Together, our results indicate that FBP1 might not only be a novel marker for the diagnosis of DN but also be a new marker for the progression of DN.
Longitudinal deep neural networks for assessing metastatic brain cancer on a massive open benchmark.
Authors: Oermann Eric , Link Katherine , Schnurman Zane , Liu Chris , Kwon Young Joon (Fred) , Jiang Lavender Yao , Nasir-Moin Mustafa , Neifert Sean , Alzate Juan , Bernstein Kenneth , Qu Tanxia , Chen Viola , Yang Eunice , Golfinos John , Orringer Daniel , Kondziolka Douglas
Published: January 2023

The detection and tracking of metastatic cancer over the lifetime of a patient remains a major challenge in clinical trials and real-world care. 1–3 Recent advances in deep learning combined with massive, real-world datasets may enable the development of tools that can address this challenge. We present our work with the NYUMets Project to develop NYUMets-Brain and a novel longitudinal deep neural network (DNN), segmentation-through-time (STT). NYUMets-Brain is the world's largest, longitudinal, real-world dataset of cancer consisting of the imaging, clinical follow-up, and medical management of 1,429 patients with an average of six MRI studies obtained over 17 months per patient. The dataset includes over 2,367 expert segmentations of metastatic brain tumors, and 81,562 medical prescriptions. Using this dataset we developed Segmentation Through Time (STT), a deep neural network (DNN) which explicitly utilizes the longitudinal structure of the data and obtained state of the art results at tumor segmentation and detection of small (< 10 mm3) metastases. We also demonstrate that longitudinal measurements to assess the monthly rate of change of brain metastases over time are strongly predictive of overall survival (HR 1.27, 95%CI 1.18–1.38). We are releasing the entire dataset, codebase, trained model weights, and an interface for dataset access for other cancer researchers to build upon these results and to serve as a public benchmark. Massive real-world datasets and public benchmarks such as NYUMets-Brain may enable the tracking and detection of metastatic brain cancer, and be broadly applicable to advancing the development of AI models in other types of metastatic cancer as well.
Metaplastic breast carcinoma: sonographic and clinicopathologic comparison with infiltrating ductal carcinoma
Authors: Yao Mengxia , Wang Yin , Li Lian , Luo Siwei , Zhu Wu , Liu Yu , Liang Changhong
Published: January 2023

Background:There are limited data on the sonographic findings about metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) due to its rarity. This article aimed to determine the value of sonographic and clinicopathologic features in improving diagnostic accuracy of MBC and distinguishing it from infiltrating ductal carcinoma(IDC).
Methods: In the present study, 197 women (200 lesions) with IDC and 20 women (20 lesions) with MBC were retrospectively reviewed. Sonographic and clinicopathologic characteristics were compared between MBC and IDC.
Results: Relative to IDC, most of MBC were tumor grade III(95.0% vs 32.5%, P<0.001), with high Ki67(100.0% vs 75.0%, P<0.001) and triple negative subtype (90.0% vs 13.0%, P<0.001). On ultrasound findings, lesions of MBC tended to have big size (≥5cm,45.0% vs 1.5%, P<0.001), regular shape (45.0% vs 1.5%, P<0.001), circumscribed margin (40.0% vs 0.5%, P<0.001), complex cystic and solid echo(50.0% vs 3.5%, P<0.001) and posterior acoustic enhancement(95.0% vs 14.5%, P<0.001). The most important factors in distinguishing these two tumors were posterior acoustic enhancement, circumscribed margin and size by multilayer perceptron. In MBC cases, the estimated rate of local recurrence, distant metastasis and 5-year overall survival was 10.0%, 30.0% and 65.0%.
Conclusions: MBC is mainly manifested as a large breast mass with benign ultrasound findings in elderly women, which may be helpful for diagnosis of MBC and its differential diagnosis from other masses.
Unravelling the Electronic Structure and Dynamics of the Atomically Dispersed Iron Sites in Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
Authors: Jaouen Frédéric , Zeng Yaqiong , Zhao Jian , Wang Shifu , Ren Xinyi , Tan Yuanlong , Lu Ying Rui , Xi Shibo , Wang Junhu , Li Xuning , Huang Yanqiang , Zhang Tao , Liu Bin
Published: January 2023

Single-atom catalysts with a well-defined metal center open unique opportunities for exploring the catalytically active site and reaction mechanism of chemical reactions. However, understanding of the electronic and structural dynamics of single-atom catalytic centers under reaction condition is still limited due to the challenge of combiningoperandotechniques that are sensitive to such sites and model single-atom systems. Herein, supported by state-of-the-artoperandotechniques, we provide an in-depth study of the dynamic structural and electronic evolution during electrochemical CO2reduction reaction (CO2RR) of a model catalyst comprising iron only as a high-spin (HS) Fe(III)N4center in its resting state.Operando57Fe Mössbauer and X-ray absorption spectroscopies clearly evidence the change from a HS Fe(III)N4to a HS Fe(II)N4center with decreasing potential, CO2- or Ar-saturation of the electrolyte leading to different adsorbates and stability of the HS Fe(II)N4center. WithoperandoRaman spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, we identify that the phthalocyanine (Pc) ligand coordinating the iron cation center undergoes a redox process from Fe(II)Pc to Fe(II)Pc−. Altogether, the HS Fe(II)Pc−species is identified as the catalytic intermediate for CO2RR. Furthermore, theoretical calculations reveal that the electroreduction of the Pc ligand modifies the d-band center of thein situgenerated HS Fe(II)Pc−species, resulting in an optimal binding strength to CO2and thus boosting the catalytic performance of CO2RR. This work provides both experimental and theoretical evidence towards the electronic structural and dynamics of reactive sites in single-Fe-atom materials and shall guide the design of novel efficient catalysts for CO2RR.
The Performance of Electrodialysis for Removal of Nickel (II) and Chromium (VI) Ions from Effluents
Authors: Kırmızı Senem , Karabacakoğlu Belgin
Published: January 2023

The availability of clean water is insufficient to meet our needs because of both the rapid population growth and the advancement of technology. Heavy metals introduced into the water as a result of various activities cause major problems and create an unfavorable scenario in terms of sustainability. In this study, a specially designed electrodialysis cell was used to remove chromium (VI) and nickel (II) ions from effluents. The compartments were divided by Ionac MC 3470 cation exchange and Ionac MA 3475 anion exchange membranes. The cathode and anode were made of carbon fiber and stainless steel, respectively. The effects of voltage, initial pH, time, Na2SO4 concentration, feed flow rate, and metal ion concentration on metal removal efficiency, energy consumption, current efficiency, current density, and flux were investigated. The optimum values for 97.9% removal of 50 mg/L Cr (VI) ions in 90 minutes are voltage 25 V, pH = 3, Na2SO4 addition 0.1 g and feed flow rate 50.38 mL/min, as observed. At the end of this period, the concentration was calculated as 1.05 mg/L, the energy consumption was 38.57 Wh/L, the current efficiency was 28.56%, and the flux was calculated as 10.87x10-5 mol/m2s. Optimal values were observed as 20 V, pH = 3, Na2SO4 addition of 0.1 g, and Qf = 40.3 mL/min for 92.3% removal of 50 mg/L Ni2+ ions in 90 min. The concentration of nickel ions at the end of this period was 3.85 mg/L, the energy consumption was 32.14 Wh/L, the current efficiency was 95.11%, and the flux was calculated to be 37.71 x 10− 5 mol/m2s. The study shows that the electrodialysis method can be used efficiently for the removal of Cr (VI) and Ni (II) ions from dilute effluents.
In-silico multi-epitope vaccine candidate against type-1 parainfluenza virus
Authors: Khan Zaid , S Sanjai , . Sumera , BV Harshitha , Patil Shankarrao
Published: January 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
RETRACTED: A computational and experimental study on using adsorbent to mitigate CO2 and other emissions from diesel engine
Authors: Ravi Maniarasu
Published: January 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Study of the intensity of point spread function of two zone aperture optical imaging system under the combined influence of defocus and various spherical aberrations
Authors: Rani S. Vidya , Anitha P. , Sabitha N. , Sagar Prof. D. Karuna
Published: January 2023

The point spread function of the optical system in the presence of defocus and primary, secondary and tertiary spherical aberration with Hanning and Connes amplitude filter is studied. A noted increase in the profile of the point spread function has been achieved. Employment of the Hanning and Connes amplitude pupil function under the higher degree of spherical aberration and defocusing effect helps the optical systems increases the resolution. The lateral resolution of the central peak is improved by the highest degree of the amplitude apodization parameter β. The presence of first minima with zero intensity necessary for Rayleigh criterion can be used to study two-point resolution.
Finite rigid sets of the non-separating curve complex
Authors: De Pool Rodrigo
Published: January 2023

We prove that the non-separating curve complex of every surface of finite-type and genus at least three admits an exhaustion by finite rigid sets.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) 57K20 · 20F65 · 57M50 · 05E16
Integrating network pharmacology and pharmacological evaluation to investigate the anticancer effects of Duranta erecta Linn. Verbenaceae in breast cancer
Authors: Agbana Yannick Luther , Abu Thomas , Akinleye Toluwanimi Emmanuel , Adeniji Adekunle Johnson , Ogbole Omonike O.
Published: January 2023

Objective Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women in sub-Saharan Africa. Efforts are being made to tackle the disease. However, numerous challenges are still reported.Duranta erectashowed medicinal relevance in different ailments but its molecular mechanism of action in breast cancer is not unraveled. The objective of this study is to evaluate the anticancer effect ofDuranta erectaon breast cancer cells and determine the molecular mechanism of actionin silico. Materials and Methods The Phytochemical Interaction Database, published literature, and the Swiss TargetPrediction database, respectively, were used to identify the active ingredients and targets ofDuranta erecta. GEO datasets and TCGA databases were searched for breast cancer-related targets. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to screen the primary targets. For GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses, ShinyGO was used. By using molecular docking, interactions between potential targets and active substances were evaluated. MTT assay was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxicity effect ofDuranta erecta. ResultsDuranta erectademonstrated a cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cells. The IC50 values are 9.99 µg/mL and 15.07 µg/mL for the fruit extract and the leaves extract respectively. A total of 102 common targets and 77 active plant compounds were discovered, of which 37 are potential drug candidates. There were 10 hub targets identified by the PPI network. The hub targets are linked to pathways in cell proliferation and cancer. The best overall binding affinity was demonstrated by repenin A in binding with AURKA, CDK1, and EGFR. Conclusion This study was able to accurately predict the active ingredients and potential targets used inDuranta erecta's treatment of breast cancer. This study offers a fresh approach to future deeper studies on the molecular mechanisms of the plant and its compounds in breast cancer.
From Bayou Heritage to Blue-Green Corridors: The development and contemporary urban functions of New Orleans’ Bayou St. John and Lafitte Greenway
Authors: Mallum Faisal , Hayward Philip , Fleury Christian
Published: January 2023

Over the last two decades there has been an increasing recognition of the cultural significance of rivers, canals and related bodies of water and of residential, recreational and/or heritage spaces located along their banks. These perceptions have led them to be recognised as cultural landscapes that merit preservation, maintenance and/or development. This article furthers research on this area by investigating the history and contemporary operation of one such cultural waterway in New Orleans, Bayou St. John, and of the adjacent Lafitte Greenway, built around a former canal route. In particular, the article identifies the process of social and land- and water-scape modifications that have created neighbourhoods around them and the gentrification that has accompanied this. With particular regard to Louisiana as their location, the article also addresses the nature of bayous and the cultural significance of Bayou St. John’s name in that regard. Balancing its historical-archival account, the article includes detailed discussion of the contemporary circumstances of the bayou and greenway drawing on close perambulant observation conducted between 2016 and 2022.
UNDERSTANDING FRANK CHIN: THE TRAILS OF CHINESE AMERICAN IDENTITY IN “RAILROAD STANDARD TIME” AND “THE EAT AND RUN MIDNIGHT PEOPLE”
Authors: GÜZEL Firuze
Published: January 2023

In “Rail Road Standard Time” and “The Eat and Run Midnight People,” published in the short story collection titled The Chinaman Pacific and Frisco R.R. Co. (1988), Frank Chin focuses on several issues such as cultural heritage and transmission, identity, railroad narrations, food, and masculinity. In the first short story, Chin is going to his mother’s funeral, and during this journey, he jumps between his memories that help the reader to see the trails of his Chinese American identity formation. In the second story, Chin once more returns to his memories by taking up the role of the narrator and reveals the issues of double discrimination, masculinity, and the influences of American culture on his identity formation. The aim of this article is to analyze Chin’s selected short stories from a thematic and social perspective. The article also aims to reveal how the author tries to maintain his ethnicity and reflect his identity molded by two different cultures.
Study of aircraft radial piston engines noise
Authors: Moshkov Petr
Published: January 2023

The results of the study of acoustic characteristics of aircraft radial piston engines ASH-62IR and M-14P are presented. The tests were carried out during the race of the power plants of the AN-2 and Yak-18T light propeller-driven aircrafts under static conditions at the local aerodrome. It is shown that the method of organizing the exhaust of a multi-cylinder engine determines the main tone frequency. The influence of the engine power condition on the directivity of the tonal noise components is considered. The dependences of the sound power on the engine speed are obtained.
Students’ innovation competence: The relationship with academic performance and self-monitoring
Authors:   HSE University, Volkova Natalia V. , Plakhotnik Maria S. ,   HSE University
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this paper is to identify differences in the measurement of innovation competence among business school students as well as the relationship between their innovation competence and academic performance along with self-monitoring. 247 undergraduate students (18–21 years old) studying in the leading universities in Saint Petersburg, Russia participated in the study. Data were collected using the Snyder’s self-monitoring scale and a new “Innovative competence” scale. The latter was adapted for the Russian audience from the “Framework for Innovation Competencies Development and Assessment” scale by reducing the number of statements by means of a confirmatory factor analysis. The study showed that none of the five components of innovation competence (creativity, critical thinking, teamwork, initiative, and networking) is related to student academic performance. Overall, male participants showed higher levels of self-monitoring than female participants. Also, our regression analysis indicated a positive and statistically significant relationship between student levels of self-monitoring and all five dimensions of their innovation competence. The new “Innovative competence” scale can be used by institutions of higher educations as well as for-profit and non-for-profit organizations. When levels of participants’ innovation competence and self-monitoring are assessed together, approaches to developing innovation potential among employees or students could be identified. The scale should be further tested among participants of other age groups and involved in different levels of education (e.g., graduate students) or types of educational institutions (e.g., professional and career colleges). The new “Innovative competence” scale can be used to measure levels of innovation competence among individuals with or without work experience or employment status.
Innovation in times of crisis: A systematic literature review
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Smara Rafik
Published: January 2023

Today the world faces significant economic and financial crises, which have drawn firms into high levels of uncertainty and directly influences their innovation strategies. The literature on organizational decline reveals a lack of agreement about the effects of decline on innovation. This study aims to shed light on how economic crisis affects innovation and to provide a comprehensive picture of the innovation constraints and determinants with a focus on environmental factors. To add to the extant knowledge in the area of innovativeness in crisis, a systematic literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was conducted. 70 conceptual and empirical research articles published in the period 2000–2021 from highly ranked journals according to the Association of Business Schools rating were reviewed. The article presents three identified patterns related to a firm’s innovation behaviour in crisis: а cyclical behaviour in which most of companies reduce their costs and become more unwilling to engage in innovation activities, a neutral behaviour with a view to keep the status quo, and a counter-cyclical behaviour when companies tend to boost their innovation activities. The three innovation behaviours are contingent on several factors that hamper innovation. Furthermore, the findings suggest that innovation positively affects the performance of firms in the context of crisis and this impact is contingent upon the level of environmental turbulence. This review contributes to the extant knowledge on the adaptation of firms to adverse environments. The study offers a nuanced understanding of the main innovation strategies to respond to the economic downturn at the firm and country level, highlights benefits of innovation in highly turbulent settings and gives a detailed description of factors that play an important role in counteracting the negative effect of crisis on firms’ investment in innovations.
CX transformation of Tele2: From a discounter to a customer service leader
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Golovacheva Ksenia S. , Makarova Olga V. ,   HSE University
Published: January 2023

The case is devoted to the transition of the telecommunications company Tele2 to a management system based on the principles of continuous improvement of customer experience, or CX-transformation. The case describes the development of Tele2 in the Russian cellular market in 2003–2020. Firstly, it outlines the main aspects of the Tele2’s business strategy in 2003–2016. Secondly, it provides a detailed description of events that took place in 2015–2016, when Tele2’s financial and operational performance indicators dwindled, and the mobile operator was challenged to develop a new business strategy that meets the changing market realities. Finally, there is a description of a new customer-focused strategy that implied the integration of customer metrics into all organizational processes and the restructuring of the internal customer experience management system. The case describes actions taken by the company during 2017–2020 to implement customer experience management practices and outlines the key results of Tele2’s CX transformation. The case is based on Tele2’s internal reports, retrospective interviews with the company’s representatives involved in the CX transformation process, and secondary opensource information. The case can be used to discuss the prerequisites, goals, components, and success factors of CX transformation.
About the full prediction approximation by a lot of partial predictions in case of incomplete data
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Alexeyeva Nina P. , Al-Juboori Fatema S. Sh. ,   University of Information Technology and Communications
Published: January 2023

In this article, we are talking about the random subspaces method in forecasting under the condition of incomplete data and about estimation of a full forecast based on a set of partial predictions. Centered partial predictions are considered without loss of generality. According to the statistical model, off-diagonal elements in the correlation matrix of partial predictions are considered random with known mathematical expectation and variance. In case of this random matrix, analytical expressions are obtained for the mathematical expectation of the determinant and minors. Based on these results, a class of more accurate estimates of the full prediction is constructed, which differ from the mean partial prediction by a multipliers that depend on the statistical parameters of the correlation matrix of partial predictions. The results of modeling and practical forecasting based on incomplete biogeographic data are presented.
Complement to the Holder inequality for multiple integrals. II
Authors:   St Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Ivanov Boris F.
Published: January 2023

This article is the second and final part of the author’s work published in the previous issue of the journal. The main result of the article is the statement that if for functions (...) , where m (...) 2 and the numbers p1,...,pm ∈ (1, +∞] are such that 1/p1 + ... + 1/pm < 1 the “non-resonant” condition is fulfilled (the concept introduced by the author in the previous work for functions from spaces L^p(R^n), p ∈ (1, +∞]), then: (...), where [a, b] - n-dimensional parallelepiped, the constant C > 0 does not depend on functions of (...),1(...)k(...)m - are some specially constructed normalized spaces. In addition, in terms of the fulfillment of some non-resonant condition, the paper gives a test of a boundedness of the integral from the product of functions when integrating over a subset of R^n.
Solving a two-facility location problem in a space with Chebyshev metric
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Krivulin Nikolai K. , Briushinin Maksim A. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2023

A minimax two-facility location problem in multidimensional space with Chebyshev metric is examined subject to box constraints on the feasible location area. In the problem, there are two groups of points with known coordinates, and one needs to find coordinates for optimal location of two new points under the given constraints. The location of the new points is considered optimal if it minimizes the maximum of the following values: the distance between the first new point and the farthest point in the first group, the distance between the second new point and the farthest point in the second group, and the distance between the first and second new points. The location problem is formulated as a multidimensional optimization problem in terms of tropical mathematics that studies the theory and applications of algebraic systems with idempotent operations. A direct analytical solution to the problem is derived based on the use of methods and results of tropical optimization. A result is obtained which describes the set of optimal location of the new points in a parametric form ready for formal analysis of solutions and straightforward calculation.
Regularization of the procedure for inverting the Laplace transform using quadrature formulas
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Lebedeva Anastasia V. , Ryabov Victor M. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2023

The problem of inversion of the integral Laplace transform, which belongs to the class of ill-posed problems, is considered. Integral equations are reduced to ill-conditioned systems of linear algebraic equations (SLAE), in which the unknowns are either the expansion coefficients in a series in terms of shifted Legendre polynomials, or the approximate values of the desired original at a number of points. The first step of reduction to SLAE is to apply quadrature formulas that provide the minimum values of the condition number of SLAE. Regularization methods are used to obtain a reliable solution of the system. A common strategy is to use the Tikhonov stabilizer or its modifications. A variant of the regularization method for systems with oscillatory-type matrices is presented, which significantly reduces the conditionality of the problem in comparison with the classical Tikhonov scheme. A method is given for actually constructing special quadratures leading to problems with oscillation matrices.
On strong forms of the Borel-Cantelli lemma and dynamical systems with polynomial decays of correlations
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Frolov Аndrei N.
Published: January 2023

Strong forms of the Borel - Cantelli lemma are variants of the strong law of large numbers for sums of the indicators of events such that the series from probabilities of these events diverges. These sums are centered at means and normalized by some function from means. In this paper, we derive new strong forms of the Borel - Cantelli lemma under wider restrictions on variations of increments of sums than it was done earlier. Strong forms are commonly used for investigations of properties of dynamical systems. We apply our results to describe properties of some measure preserving expanding maps of [0, 1] with a fixed point at zero. Such results can be proved for similar multidimensional maps as well. Keywords: the Borel - Cantelli lemma, the quantitative Borel - Cantelli lemma, strong forms of the Borel - Cantelli lemma, sums of indicators of events, strong law of large num bers, almost surely convergence, dynamical systems, polynomial decay of correlations.
Neural network approach in modelling vibrational kinetics of carbon dioxide
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Gorikhovskii Viacheslav I. , Kustova Elena V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2023

The study is devoted to modeling nonequilibrium vibrational kinetics of carbon dioxide taking into account complex mechanisms of relaxation and intermode energy exchanges. The possibilities of using machine learning methods to improve the performance of numerical simulation of non-equilibrium carbon dioxide flows are studied. Various strategies for increasing the efficiency of the hybrid four-temperature model of CO2 kinetics are considered. The neural network approach proposed by the authors to calculate the rate of vibrational relaxation in each mode turned out to be the most promising. For the problem of spatially homogeneous relaxation, estimates of the error and computational costs of the developed algorithm are carried out, and its high accuracy and efficiency are demonstrated. For the first time, the carbon dioxide flow behind a plane shock wave was simulated in a full state-to-state approximation. A comparison with the results obtained in the framework of the hybrid four-temperature approach is carried out, and the equivalence of the approaches is shown. This makes it possible to recommend developed multitemperature approxima tions as the main tool for solving problems of nonequilibrium kinetics and gas dynamics. The hybrid four-temperature approach using the neural network method for calculating relaxation terms showed the acceleration of numerical simulation in time by more than an order of magnitude, while maintaining accuracy. This technique can be recommended for solving complex multidimensional problems of nonequilibrium gas dynamics, including state-to-state chemical reactions.