bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explaining Political Apathy in German Civic Education Textbooks
Authors: Wohnig Alexander
Published: December 2018

Since the 1990s, political apathy among young people has been a recurrent
issue in political science. This article examines, on the basis of a survey of the
current debate about political apathy in Germany and an analysis of civic education
textbooks for the lower secondary level in Baden-Württemberg, how contemporary
German textbooks reflect young people’s interest in politics. This article will show
that, while political apathy in textbooks can be explained as the result of either an
individual deficit on the part of the reader or a structuralist deficit of the political
system, the latter explanation is more likely to encourage critical political thinking
among young people in Germany.
The Concept of “Consumption” in School Textbooks during the Democratic Transition in Spain (1977–1982)
Authors: González-Delgado Mariano , Ferraz-Lorenzo Manuel
Published: December 2018

This article explains the approach to mass consumption developed in
social studies textbooks in the early years of the transition to democracy in Spain.
It begins by examining the way in which school textbooks represented consumer
society and mass media in the late 1970s. This is followed by an in-depth explanation
of the reasons that led the authors of these textbooks to choose one theoretical
framework over another. Above all, this article emphasizes the complexity and
variety of the historical materials used to represent consumer society, and how
this process of social construction is reflected in the textbook content of the time.
Una aproximación a la realidad aumentada y sus aplicaciones quirúrgicas
Authors: Aguilar Larrarte Eliana Margarita , Vivas Alban Oscar Andrés , Sabater Navarro José María
Published: December 2018

This paper shows an overview of simulation intraining and support of surgeries with Augmented Reality, ARis a technology characterized by sensor perception enrichmentadding virtual content to the perception of reality. At fi rst thisarticle shows an overview of guided surgery systems and theprincipal advances in simulation using Virtual Reality (VR), andfi nally, it presents a group of Augmented Reality (AR) applications with emphasis on minimally invasive surgeries. In thisreview, it is concluded that one of the comparative advantagesof the training Augmented Reality (AR) with Virtual Reality(VR) is the haptic feedback. The new researches in this area arethe visual and haptic realism and dynamic tracking of markersand organs that allows sensory augmentation with high realityaffi nity.
Uso de kits experimentales para mejorar las actitudes y bajar la repitencia en Química General
Authors: Molina C. Manuel F.
Published: December 2018

This article develops a classroom innovation proposal, incorporating experimental activity in master classes through the use of didactic kits to improve negative attitudes toward chemistry and lower repetition in a general chemistry course. It is possible to apply 8 kits, with their development, development of guides and use, giving positive results on the attitudes towards chemistry, considering its diffi culty, the interest of chemical knowledge and obtaining an appropriate disciplinary learning. Additionally, the kits allowed obtaining a rate of loss of the course over 5% compared to 38% for the General Chemistry courses at the National University of Colombia.
Análisis fisicoquímico de frutos de Syzygium paniculatum en diferentes estados de maduración
Authors: Pérez Mora Walter Hernando , Mojica Gómez Jaquelin
Published: December 2018

Shrubs of Syzyngium paniculatum, are found in the city of Bogotá adorning streets, park and gardens, presenting colorful fruits known as magenta cherry, which have no use whatsoever. In this study, the characterization of the physicochemical properties of the fruits in diff erent stages of maturation is carried out. Analyzes of fresh weight (0.23g - 5.7g), longitudinal diameter (9.22 mm-26.2mm) and equatorial (6.18mm-23.6 mm), humidity (70% -85%), ash (0.012%- 0.038%) were performed, pH (3.00-4.12), total soluble solids (6.2°Brix-2.2°Brix), total titratable acidity (1.7-23.9 mg of citric acid/g of fruit), fi nally classifying fi ve states of maturation. In fruits with state of maturation of consumption, the mineral content was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. It is concluded that the fruits of S. paniculatum have potential to be exploited for human consumption in Bogotá according to the physicochemical characteristics found and the content of phenols. It is suggested to carry out phytochemical analyzes that complement a study of the bioprospecting of the fruit.
Organisierung prekärer Arbeit an österreichischen Universitäten
Authors: Cargnelli Christian , Ehs Tamara , Tantner Anton
Published: December 2018

Die 1996 in Österreich gegründete Interessengemeinschaft LektorInnen und WissensarbeiterInnen setzt sich gegen die zunehmende Prekarisierung der Lebens- und Arbeitverhältnisse der an den österreichischen Universitäten tätigen Lehrenden und Forschenden ein. Der Beitrag beschreibt deren Situation, setzt sich mit wissenschaftlichen Thematisierungen des Prekariats auseinander und nennt Herausforderungen, mit denen die Organisierung prekärer Arbeit konfrontiert ist.
Program Pencahayaan Melalui Tirai Kandang Untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Telur Parent Stock Broiler
Authors: Syafrita Yora Yulia , Elfiyani Elfiyani
Published: December 2018

Perusahaan pembibitan ayam sering dihadapkan pada situasi dimana ayam tidak mampu berproduksi secara optimal, sehingga perusahaan – perusahaan selalu dituntut untuk melakukan perbaikan manajemen secara terus-menerus. Dari permasalahan tersebut ada sebuah manajemen alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan produksi telur ayam yaitu dengan program pencahayaan melalui penurunan tirai untuk meningkatkan produksi telur parent stock broiler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat produksi parent stock broiler dengan program pencahayaan yang berbeda. Hen day production (HDP) yang dihasilkan dengan program pencahayan melalui penurunan tirai 1/5 bagian pada produksi 50% menghasilkan produksi telur lebih tinggi dengan rata – rata persentase HDP 82,71%, jika dibandingkan dengan program pencahayaan penurunan tirai keseluruhan menghasilkan produksi lebih rendah dengan rata-rata persentase HDP 68,12%, begitu juga dengan program pencahayaan tanpa penurunan tirai menghasilkan produksi lebih rendah dengan rata – rata persentase HDP 67,68%.
TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN DAN PERSEPSI MAHASISWA TERHADAP PENERAPAN IFRS (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS SAINS AL-QURAN JAWA TENGAH DI WONOSOBO)
Authors: Susanti Susanti
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris akuntansi mengenai Standar Pelaporan Keuangan Internasional (International Financial Reporting Standards / IFRS) dengan kecerdasan emosional, minat, ketersediaan pendidikan, dan persepsi siswa sebagai variabel independen. Penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling dan pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecerdasan emosional, minat, ketersediaan pendidikan, dan persepsi persepsi siswa berpengaruh signifikan terhadap akuntansi siswa pada (IFRS).
PENGARUH ORIENTASI PASAR, INOVASI DAN ORIENTASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEMASARAN (STUDI EMPIRISDI UMKM BATAKO KECAMATAN KEPIL KABUPATEN WONOSOBO)
Authors: Apriliani O. D R. AJ. E. P
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh orientasi pasar inovasi, orientasi kewirausahaan terhadap strategi bersaing dan pengaruh pengalaman terhadap strategi bersaing. Untuk menganalisis pengaruh strategi bersaing terhadap kinerja pemasaran pada UMKM batako di Kecamatan Kepil. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Kepil Kabupaten Wonosobo. Dalam penelitian ini, pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sensus sampling yaitu teknik mengambil sampel dengan mengikut sertakan semua anggota populasi untuk dijadikan sampel. Jadi jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 56 UMKM Batako. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Orientasi Pasar berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja pemasaran (H1 diterima). Artinya bahwa pengusaha yang berorientasi untuk memperluas jangkauan pemasaran akan merencanakan kinerja pemasaran dengan baik. Inovasi berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja pemasaran (H2 diterima). Artinya bahwa pengusaha yang selau melakukan inovasi dalam berproduksi akan membuat kinerja pemasaran yang dirancangnya menjadi lebih baik. Orientasi kewirausahaan berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja pemasaran (H3 diterima). Artinya pengusaha yang mempunyai jiwa kewirausahaan akan selalu merancang strategi keunggulan dengan matang.
STRATEGI INOVASI PRODUK OLAHAN DAN MANAJEMEN PEMASARAN GUNA MENINGKATKAN DAYA JUAL LELE (UKM PETERNAK LELE DI DESA KALIBEBER, MOJOTENGAH, WONOSOBO)
Authors: Prawoto Eko , Susilawati Herlina , Faqih Nasyiin
Published: December 2018

Kelompok UKM Peternak Lele ANEKA dan Kelompok UKM Peternak Lele BERDIKARI adalah dua Mitra usaha menghadapi permasalahan hampir sama yaitu harga jual lele segar/basah relatif rendah dan kurang sebanding dengan biaya yang dikeluarkan mulai dari pembelian bibit, pembelian pakan, pemeliharaa dan tenaga kerja. Permasalahan mereka semakin sulit disaat panen raya harga lele per/kg mempunyai kecenderungan dibawah harga standar (dibawah harga pasar) sehingga keuntungan yang didapat kecil.

Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini untuk mengatasi permasalahan mitra (1) dan mitra (2) yaitu belum adanya motivasi dan semangat berwirausaha memproduksi berbagai olahan lele, kurangnya kreativitas dan inovasi untuk mengolah pasca panen serta memproduksi olahan, kurangnya modal investasi usaha mikro (kecil/rumah tangga), belum mempunyai relasi pemasaran produk dan pangsa pasar yang layak dan minimnya pengetahuan manajemen pemasaran usaha lele.

Pelaksanaan program diawali Tim IbM melakukan sosialisasi dengan Mitra, menyiapkan alat dan kebutuhan bahan kemudian diadakan penyuluhan di tempat pertemuan kelompok mitra. Setelah memahami secara teori maka dilaksakan praktek nyata membuat olahan lele, pengemasan dan managemen pemasaran. Target luaran yang dihasilkan diproduksinya 3 jenis olahan lele (krupuk lele, nugget lele dan abon lele.

Hasil pengabdian masyarakat, mitra mampu memproduksi 3 jenis olahan lele (abon lele, krupuk lele, nugget lele), kemasan olahan dengan bahan plastik, terjalinnya kerjasama dengan beberapa toko oleh-oleh/konsumen di Kecamatan Mojotengah, Kabupaten Wonosobo dan sekitarnya, terbentuknya jiwa wirausaha bagi anggota kelompok peternak lele dan meningkatnya ketrampilan, kemampuan serta inovasi kreativitas anggota kelompok peternak lele. Selain itu telah terjalin pemasaran secara online dan branding sehingga kemasan olahan kering, seperti abon, kerupuk dan nugget menarik konsumen.
MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS STANDAR PROSES PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Nurjanah Siti , Muntaqo Rifqi
Published: December 2018

Peraturan permendikbud no 137 tahun 2014 tentang standar proses pendidikan anak usia dini merupakan pedoman dalam melaksanakan proses pembelajaran pendidikan anak usia dini saat ini. Dengan mengacu pada peraturan tersebut, maka dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran pendidikan anak usia dini harus mempersiapkan rancangan pembelajaran yang meliputi rencana program semester (prosem), rencana pembelajaran mingguan, dan rencana pembelajaran harian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendikripsikan konsep standar proses pembelajaran pada anak uisa dini. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan atau library research yaitu penelitian yang dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan literatur (kepustakaan) baik berupa buku, catatan, maupun laporan hasil penelitian dari penelitian terdahulu. Hasil penelitian menunjukann bahwa dengan mempersiapkan rancangan pembelajaran yang baik maka proses pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan akan termenejemen dengan baik dan tentunya akan sesuai dengan standar nasional pendidikan anak usia dini.
SEBARAN PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN VISUAL-SPASIAL SISWA DENGAN BUTIR SOAL HOTS (HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILL)
Authors: Mahmudati Rina , Alawiyah Luluk
Published: December 2018

Rendahnya kemampuan visual spasial siswa terlihat pada hasil observasi awal yang menunjukkan bahwa setengah dari jumlah objek observasi tidak dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan yang mengutamakan aspek kemampuan spasial. Padahal kemampuan ini sangat diperlukan dalam memecahkan permasalah geometri ruang. Sehingga perlu adanya upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan visual spasial tersebut, salah satunya dengan melatih siswa untuk berpikir tingkat tinggi, melalui butir soal HOTS. Soal HOTS merupakan proses berpikir yang mengutamakan aspek menganalisis/mengurai (C4), mengevaluasi (C5), dan mencipta (C6). Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk mengetahui sebaran peningkatan kemampuan visual spasial siswa dengan menerapkan butir soal HOTS. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimen. Subyek pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XII di SMA Muhammadiyah Wonosobo tahun ajaran 2018/2019 yang diambil 65 sampel,sejumlah 32 siswa untuk kelas eksperimen dan 33 siswa ada kelas kontrol. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes kemampuan spasial.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata kemampuan visual spasial siswa yang menerapkan butir soal HOTS meningkat secara signifikan, dari 9,344 menjadi 13,563 yaitu sebesar 4,219. Sebaran peningkatan secara signifikan terjadi pada kategori kurang sebelumnya 40,63%, menjadi 0%. Selanjutnya pada kategori sangat baik semula 0% meningkat 15,62 %.
Internações por condições sensíveis a atenção primária em municípios de uma regional de saúde
Authors: Rodrigues Perondi Alessandro , Wilges Ana Paula , Da Silva Roque Márcia , Piccoli Cosmann Cirlei , Dalla Costa Lediana
Published: December 2018

O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar a efetividade do acesso ao atendimento na atenção primária por meio do levantamento dos números de internamentos por condições sensíveis a atenção primária ocorridos nos municípios com menos de 100% de cobertura da estratégia saúde da família na 8ª Regional de Saúde do Paraná. Ademais, buscou-se encontrar relação entre a cobertura da estratégia saúde da família com o número de internamentos por condições sensíveis a atenção primária. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico com dados secundários do Ministério da Saúde. Diante dos resultados encontrados pode-se observar que nos municípios de Francisco Beltrão, Ampére e Dois Vizinhos, foi identificado relação entre o aumento da cobertura da estratégia saúde da família e a diminuição de internamentos por condições sensíveis a atenção primária, contudo, apenas para Francisco Beltrão essa correlação foi forte e significativa. Neste aspecto, se faz necessário incentivar estudos que visem a avaliação dos serviços de saúde para embasar as decisões dos gestores em relação aos investimentos nos serviços de atenção primária a saúde, objetivando promover a oferta de serviços de qualidade e resolutivos.
Uma experiência de resgate da memória da saúde mental do Paraná
Authors: Tabuti Rejane Cristina Teixeira , Beatriz Ussyk Manzarra Silvia , Nocera Tiago Pereira , Castro Denise De , Júnior Osvaldo Tchaikovski
Published: December 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho é contextualizar sobre a importância da preservação da memória institucional da saúde mental e a implantação do espaço memorial em um hospital psiquiátrico que compõe a Rede de Unidades Hospitalares Próprias da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Paraná. Parte-se do pressuposto que além de viabilizar o acesso a objetos e documentos do hospital, o espaço do memorial contribui de forma significativa para a reflexão sobre a evolução dessa instituição, que é o único hospital público especializado em psiquiatria, do Paraná. Assim, entende-se que preservar a memória institucional não é só resgatar o passado. É, sobretudo, contribuir para a percepção das diferenças e reconhecimento dos limites de cada período.
Implantação do business intelligence para gestão da informação em unidades hospitalares
Authors: Ribeiro Annanda Letícia Unicki , Raksa Vivian Patricia
Published: December 2018

Este relato de experiência tem como objetivo apresentar a implantação da ferramenta Business Intelligence (B.I) para a gestão da informação em hospitais próprios do estado do Paraná. Os resultados da produtividade hospitalar são repassados por meio de uma planilha de controle chamada de sistema de informação gerencial (SIG), sendo ela composta por quatro modalidades. Cada hospital gera uma planilha com um alto volume de dados, fato que dificulta a comparação dos resultados entre os hospitais. Diante desta barreira, desenvolveu-se o B.I o qual possibilita analisar dados de diferentes unidades e períodos. Conclui-se que o desenvolvimento desta ferramenta, permite o acesso sistematizado aos dados, padronização das planilhas, celeridade na tomada de decisão, acompanhamento e planejamento dos resultados.
Doença neurodegenerativa rara caracterização dos portadores de Doença de Huntington e ataxia espinocerebelar na Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil
Authors: Ramos Naime Oliveira , Canizares Vivian Susi De Assis , França Andonai Krauze de , Campelo Thaynara Naiane Castro , Cedaro José Juliano
Published: December 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar portadores de doenças neurodegenerativas raras e familiares quanto aos aspectos sociais, clínicos e assistências, pois a cronicidade dessas patologias faz com que seus portadores vivam longos períodos de dependência, sendo incapazes de realizar simples atividades do cotidiano, necessitando de um cuidador integralmente. A amostra foi composta por dois grupos domiciliares de famílias distintas, sendo um com membros afetados por Doença de Huntington (HD) e outro com membros afetados por Ataxia Espinocerebelar 2 (SCA2). Observou-se que esses distúrbios trazem grande impacto para a vida desses indivíduos, interferindo nas suas atividades de vida. A ausência de capacitações dos profissionais da atenção primária é perceptível para a realização do acolhimento desses indivíduos no sistema de saúde. Ressalta-se, ainda, a necessidade de implantação de políticas públicas, mediante a situação de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica dessas pessoas, visando o acompanhamento e proteção.
APROXIMACIÓN TEÓRICO-PRÁCTICA A LAS MEDIDAS CAUTELARES INNOMINADAS Y A LAS MEDIDAS ANTICIPATORIAS
Authors: Cardona Neira Santiago , Cortés Tamayo Ana María , Díaz Alarcón Felipe Andrés , Gaviria Garlatti Juan Sebastián , Ricardo Ezqueda Ricardo Andrés , Vesga Benavides María Margarita , Cruz Tejada Coordinador: Horacio
Published: December 2018

APROXIMACIÓN TEÓRICO-PRÁCTICA A LAS MEDIDAS CAUTELARES INNOMINADAS Y A LAS MEDIDAS ANTICIPATORIAS
Proposed “Cochrane Prehospital Care Field”
Authors: Archer Frank , Smith Erin
Published: December 2018

A process to establish a Prehospital Care Field within the Cochrane Collaboration is currently underway.
Development of professional paramedic education at Flinders
University, Adelaide, South Australia
Authors: Pointon Tim
Published: December 2018

Partnership between SA Ambulance Service and Flinders University Paramedic education and training in South Australia has been conducted for the past 25 years by the Ambulance Education Unit (AEU), which is a department within SA Ambulance Service
Using Best BETs [Best Evidence Topics]: Website Review
Authors: Robinson Kai
Published: December 2018

This a a review of the BestBets website
Paramedic clinical judgment of mental illness: Representations of official accounts
Authors: Shaban Ramon
Published: December 2018

This paper is the fourth in a series that heralds a study that examines paramedic accounts and constructs of judgment and decision-making (JDM) of mental health and mental illness. This paper will provide the results of one stage of this study in which a discourse-historical case study of paramedic JDM of mental health and mental illness using ethnographic and ethnomethodological research methods was conducted. Preliminary themes describing the ways in which paramedics officially account for their judgments of mental illness will be presented.
The Kingdom of Bhutan
Authors: Quintino Karim
Published: December 2018

Most democratic transitions have demonstrated how it is possible to move from an authoritarian starting point towards an ongoing state of compromise. The Kingdom of Bhutan, a small state bordering India and China and located deep within the Himalayan Mountains, stands as an illustrative case of that paradigm. Not only has that country recently welcomed extensive democratic practices after a century of monarchical rule, but more interestingly, it did so by royal decree. This unusual top-down transition saw the ruling monarch effectively “enforcing” democracy onto the people rather than the opposite, which defied the customary paradigm of democratisation. Nonetheless, Bhutan’s process of democratisation has been hampered at an initial stage because most Bhutanese citizens remained satisfied with the previous monarchical regime. As such, the purpose of the communication is to enlighten the reader with the features of Bhutanese democracy and its preceding process of democratisation, while providing a possible answer on whether there is a common pattern in the transitional process of authoritarianism to democracy. In order to do so, the article firstly looks at Bhutan’s modern political history; secondly, it analyses the idiosyncrasies of Bhutanese democracy; and thirdly, it shows how the historical, religious and social background of Bhutan has led to a peculiar process of democratic consolidation.
Modelling Long-Term Durability Performance of Cementitious Materials under Sodium Sulphate Interaction
Authors: Elakneswaran Yogarajah , Owaki Eiji , Nawa Toyoharu
Published: December 2018

Cementitious materials are one of the essential components for low- and intermediate-level waste disposal sites. Low-level nuclear waste from power plants consists of highly concentrated (~25 wt %) Na2SO4, and the wastes are solidified with cementitious materials. Degradation of cementitious materials that result from chemical and physical sulphate attack is a major concern in the safety of the waste disposal. In this study, hydration and reactive transport models, developed in previous works by the authors, were applied with Pitzer interactions coefficients to evaluate the long-term performance of Portland cement (PC) solidified with high concentration of Na2SO4. Expansive sulphate-bearing products of ettringite and mirabilite were formed and filled the pores in the hydrating PC with 25% of Na2SO4 by weight, but they were destabilised as temperature increased. Influence of Na2SO4 concentration and temperature on mineralogical changes is discussed. The simulation results from the reactive-transport model showed that the degradation of solidified Na2SO4 waste by cementitious materials exposed to 10% Na2SO4 for 1000 years is due to dissolution of mirabilite and secondary formation of ettringite, but not Na2SO4 crystallisation. The phases and porosity became stable close to exposure surface after 10 years, although the deterioration progressed from the surface to core with exposure time.
A New Approach to Modelling the Drilling Torque in Conventional and Ultrasonic Assisted Deep-Hole Drilling Processes
Authors: Chu Ngoc-Hung , Nguyen Dang-Binh , Ngo Nhu-Khoa , Nguyen Van-Du , Tran Minh-Duc , Vu Ngoc-Pi , Ngo Quoc-Huy , Tran Thi-Hong
Published: December 2018

This paper presents a new approach to developing the torque model in deep hole drilling, both for conventional and ultrasonic assisted drilling processes. The model was proposed as a sum of three components: the cutting, the chip evacuation and the stick-slip torques. Parameters of the new model were carried out by applying the regression analysis technique, with the correlation values higher than 0.999. The data were collected from 36 experimental dry drilling tests, both in conventional and ultrasonic assisted cutting conditions, with the depth-to-diameter of the drilled holes of 7.5. The major advantage of the new model compared to previous models is that the new model of chip-evacuation torque has only one coefficient, thus making it easier to evaluate and compare different deep-drilling processes. The effectiveness of ultrasonic assistance in deep hole drilling was also highlighted using the proposed model. The new model is promising to predict critical depth and torque in deep hole drilling.
Validation of Fractional-Order Lowpass Elliptic Responses of (1 + α)-Order Analog Filters
Authors: Kubanek David , Freeborn Todd , Koton Jaroslav , Dvorak Jan
Published: December 2018

In this paper, fractional-order transfer functions to approximate the passband and stopband ripple characteristics of a second-order elliptic lowpass filter are designed and validated. The necessary coefficients for these transfer functions are determined through the application of a least squares fitting process. These fittings are applied to symmetrical and asymmetrical frequency ranges to evaluate how the selected approximated frequency band impacts the determined coefficients using this process and the transfer function magnitude characteristics. MATLAB simulations of ( 1 + α ) order lowpass magnitude responses are given as examples with fractional steps from α = 0.1 to α = 0.9 and compared to the second-order elliptic response. Further, MATLAB simulations of the ( 1 + α ) = 1.25 and 1.75 using all sets of coefficients are given as examples to highlight their differences. Finally, the fractional-order filter responses were validated using both SPICE simulations and experimental results using two operational amplifier topologies realized with approximated fractional-order capacitors for ( 1 + α ) = 1.2 and 1.8 order filters.
A Temperature Fiber Sensor Based on Tapered Fiber Bragg Grating Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser
Authors: Zhang Wen , Zhu Lianqing , Dong Mingli , Lou Xiaoping , Liu Feng
Published: December 2018

A temperature fiber sensor based on tapered fiber Bragg grating (tapered FBG) fabricated by femtosecond laser has been proposed and realized with good reproducibility. Firstly, the fiber taper with 25 μm diameter and 1000 μm length is fabricated by arc-discharge elongation using two standard single-mode fibers. Secondly, two first-order FBGs are fabricated in tapered and non-tapered fiber regions for comparison. Both FBGs are point-by-point direct-written by femtosecond laser, and the grating lengths are 1000 μm. Thirdly, a temperature experiment is performed using a heating chamber, and experimental results show that in the range of 30~350 °C, the temperature sensitivity of the tapered FBG has increased from 11.0 pm/°C to 12.3 pm/°C. The tapered FBG proposed here can be further configured for sensing other parameters in physical, chemical, and biomedical applications.
Application of Integrated Artificial Neural Networks Based on Decomposition Methods to Predict Streamflow at Upper Indus Basin, Pakistan
Authors: Tayyab Muhammad , Ahmad Ijaz , Sun Na , Zhou Jianzhong , Dong Xiaohua
Published: December 2018

Consistent streamflow forecasts play a fundamental part in flood risk mitigation. Population increase and water cycle intensification are extending not only globally but also among Pakistan’s water resources. The frequency of floods has increased in the last few decades in the country, which emphasizes the importance of efficient practices needed to adopt for various aspects of water resource management such as reservoir scheduling, water sustainability, and water supply. The purpose of this study is to develop a novel hybrid model for streamflow forecasting and validate its efficiency at the upper Indus basin (UIB), Pakistan. Maximum streamflow in the River Indus from its upper mountain basin results from melting snow or glaciers and climatic unevenness of both precipitation and temperature inputs, which will, therefore, affect rural livelihoods at both a local and a regional scale through effects on runoff in the Upper Indus basin (UIB). This indicates that basins receive the bulk of snowfall input to sustain the glacier system. The present study will help find the runoff from high altitude catchments and estimated flood occurrence for the proposed and constructed hydropower projects of the Upper Indus basin (UIB). Due to climate variability, the upper Indus basin (UIB) was further divided into three zone named as sub-zones, zone one (z1), zone two (z2), and zone three (z3). The hybrid models are designed by incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) models, which includes Feedforward backpropagation (FFBP) and Radial basis function (RBF) with decomposition methods. This includes a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD). On the basis of the autocorrelation function and the cross-correlation function of streamflow, precipitation and temperature inputs are selected for all developed models. Data have been analyzed by comparing the simulation outputs of the models with a correlation coefficient (R), root mean square errors (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and mean absolute errors (MAE). The proposed hybrid models have been applied to monthly streamflow observations from three hydrological stations and 17 meteorological stations in the UIB. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the decomposition-based models is usually better than those of AI-based models. Among the DWT and EEMD based hybrid model, EEMD has performed significantly well when compared to all other hybrid and individual AI models. The peak value analysis is also performed to confirm the results’ precision rate during the flood season (May-October). The detailed comparative analysis showed that the RBFNN integrated with EEMD has better forecasting capabilities as compared to other developed models and EEMD-RBF can capture the nonlinear characteristics of the streamflow time series during the flood season with more precision.
Cyclophilin D, Somehow a Master Regulator of Mitochondrial Function
Authors: Porter George A. , Beutner Gisela
Published: December 2018

Cyclophilin D (CyPD) is an important mitochondrial chaperone protein whose mechanism of action remains a mystery. It is well known for regulating mitochondrial function and coupling of the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis by controlling the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), but more recent evidence suggests that it may regulate electron transport chain activity. Given its identification as a peptidyl-prolyl, cis-trans isomerase (PPIase), CyPD, is thought to be involved in mitochondrial protein folding, but very few reports demonstrate the presence of this activity. By contrast, CyPD may also perform a scaffolding function, as it binds to a number of important proteins in the mitochondrial matrix and inner mitochondrial membrane. From a clinical perspective, inhibiting CyPD to inhibit PTP opening protects against ischemia–reperfusion injury, making modulation of CyPD activity a potentially important therapeutic goal, but the lack of knowledge about the mechanisms of CyPD’s actions remains problematic for such therapies. Thus, the important yet enigmatic nature of CyPD somehow makes it a master regulator, yet a troublemaker, for mitochondrial function.
Combining Carbon Fibers with Ni/γ–Al2O3 Used for Syngas Production: Part A: Preparation and Evaluation of Complex Carrier Catalysts
Authors: Yu Lei , Song Min , Wei Yuexing , Xiao Jun
Published: December 2018

To promote the adsorption and activation of carbon dioxide in the dry reforming of methane (DRM), Ni and Al2O3 were coprecipitated on activated carbon fibers (ACF). Various characterization methods were adopted in order to investigate the surface characteristics of different catalysts. Chemisorption characterization results, such as H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), H2-temperature programmed desorption (H2-TPD), and CO2-temperature programmed desorption (CO2-TPD) illustrated that ACF in a nickel-based catalyst could enhance the basic sites and improve the metal dispersion on a catalyst surface, which is beneficial for the adsorption and activation of feed gas. The coprecipitated coating on ACF proved by scanning electron microscope (SEM) can prevent the carbon of ACF from participating in the reaction, while retain good surface properties of carbon fibers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns illustrated that the ACF in a nickel-based catalyst could decrease the crystallite size of the spinel NiAl2O4, which is beneficial for methane reforming. In addition, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of different catalysts revealed that the added ACF could provide abundant functional groups on the surface, which could be the intermediate product of DRM, and effectively promote the reaction. Different to the catalyst supported on single alumina, the performance evaluation and stability test proved that the catalyst added with ACF exhibited a better catalytic performance especially for CO2 conversion. Moreover, based on the characterization results as well as some related literature, the dry reforming mechanism over optimum catalyst was derived.
Targeting the Oncoprotein Smoothened by Small Molecules: Focus on Novel Acylguanidine Derivatives as Potent Smoothened Inhibitors
Authors: Pietrobono Silvia , Stecca Barbara
Published: December 2018

Hedgehog-GLI (HH) signaling was originally identified as a critical morphogenetic pathway in embryonic development. Since its discovery, a multitude of studies have reported that HH signaling also plays key roles in a variety of cancer types and in maintaining tumor-initiating cells. Smoothened (SMO) is the main transducer of HH signaling, and in the last few years, it has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for anticancer therapy. Although vismodegib and sonidegib have demonstrated effectiveness for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), their clinical use has been hampered by severe side effects, low selectivity against cancer stem cells, and the onset of mutation-driven drug resistance. Moreover, SMO antagonists are not effective in cancers where HH activation is due to mutations of pathway components downstream of SMO, or in the case of noncanonical, SMO-independent activation of the GLI transcription factors, the final mediators of HH signaling. Here, we review the current and rapidly expanding field of SMO small-molecule inhibitors in experimental and clinical settings, focusing on a class of acylguanidine derivatives. We also discuss various aspects of SMO, including mechanisms of resistance to SMO antagonists.
Inkjet-Printed Wireless Chemiresistive Sensors—A Review
Authors: Hartwig Melinda , Zichner Ralf , Joseph Yvonne
Published: December 2018

Microelectronic devices have great potential to be integrated into the Internet of Things, bringing benefits to the environment, society, and economy. Especially, microscaled chemical sensors for environmental monitoring are of great interest since they can be manufactured by cost, time, and resource efficient inkjet printing technology. The aim of the present literature review is a reflection of state-of-the-art inkjet-printed chemiresistive sensors. It examines current material approaches used to realize printed chemiresistors, especially the challenges in the realisation of accurate electrode patterns as well as the deposition of various sensing materials by inkjet printing technology. The review will be completed by an overview of current research activities dealing with the integration of chemiresistive sensors into wireless applications. The result of this review confirms that during the last decades, the number of publications covering inkjet-printed chemical, especially chemiresistive, sensors and their introduction into the Internet of Things is growing. Furthermore, it reveals the need for further research regarding material science and printing technology compatibility to achieve reliable and reproducible chemiresistive sensors.
Crystal Structures and Optical Properties of Two Novel 1,3,5-Trisubstituted Pyrazoline Derivatives
Authors: Feng Qi , Huan Wenhui , Wang Jiali , Lu Jiadan , Diao Guowang , Shan Yaqi
Published: December 2018

Two novel 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoline derivatives—1-acetyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-pyrazoline (2a) and 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(6-methoxy-2-naphtyl)-pyrazoline (2b)—were synthesized and their structures were determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. Both of the two crystals exhibit twisted structures due to the large dihedral angles between the pyrazolinyl ring and the aromatic ring at the 5-position (88.09° for 2a and 71.26° for 2b). The optical–physical properties of the two compounds were investigated. The fluorescent emission of 2b arises from the 1,3-disubstituted pyrazoline chromophores and exhibits a red shift in polar solvents and solid-state, which could be attributed to photo-induced intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) from N1 to C3 in the pyrazoline moiety and the intermolecular interactions within the crystal. The fluorescent emissions of 2a (λmax 358–364 nm) in solvents and solid-state both come from 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl chromophores, which are fairly insensitive to the solvent polarity.
Using Digital Surface Models from UAS Imagery of Fire Damaged Sphagnum Peatlands for Monitoring and Hydrological Restoration
Authors: De Roos Shannon , Turner Darren , Lucieer Arko , Bowman David M. J. S.
Published: December 2018

The sub-alpine and alpine Sphagnum peatlands in Australia are geographically constrained to poorly drained areas c. 1000 m a.s.l. Sphagnum is an important contributor to the resilience of peatlands; however, it is also very sensitive to fire and often shows slow recovery after being damaged. Recovery is largely dependent on a sufficient water supply and impeded drainage. Monitoring the fragmented areas of Australia’s peatlands can be achieved by capturing ultra-high spatial resolution imagery from an unmanned aerial systems (UAS). High resolution digital surface models (DSMs) can be created from UAS imagery, from which hydrological models can be derived to monitor hydrological changes and assist with rehabilitation of damaged peatlands. One of the constraints of the use of UAS is the intensive fieldwork required. The need to distribute ground control points (GCPs) adds to fieldwork complexity. GCPs are often used for georeferencing of the UAS imagery, as well as for removal of artificial tilting and doming of the photogrammetric model created by camera distortions. In this study, Tasmania’s northern peatlands were mapped to test the viability of creating hydrological models. The case study was further used to test three different GCP scenarios to assess the effect on DSM quality. From the five scenarios, three required the use of all (16–20) GCPs to create accurate DSMs, whereas the two other sites provided accurate DSMs when only using four GCPs. Hydrological maps produced with the TauDEM tools software package showed high visual accuracy and a good potential for rehabilitation guidance, when using ground-controlled DSMs.
Automatic Detection of Transformer Components in Inspection Images Based on Improved Faster R-CNN
Authors: Liu Ziquan , Wang Huifang
Published: December 2018

To detect the categories and positions of various transformer components in inspection images automatically, this paper proposes a transformer component detection model with high detection accuracy, based on the structure of Faster R-CNN. In consideration of the significant difference in component sizes, double feature maps are used to adapt to the size change, by adjusting two weights dynamically according to the object size. Moreover, different from the detection of ordinary objects, there is abundant useful information contained in the relative positions between components. Thus, the relative position features are defined and introduced to the refinement of the detection results. Then, the training process and detection process are proposed specifically for the improved model. Finally, an experiment is given to compare the accuracy and efficiency of the improved model and the original Faster R-CNN, along with other object detection models. Results show that the improved model has an obvious advantage in accuracy, and the efficiency is significantly higher than that of manual detection, which suggests that the model is suitable for practical engineering applications.
A Compact Printed Monopole Antenna for WiMAX/WLAN and UWB Applications
Authors: Chen Zubin , Lu Baijun , Zhu Yanzhou , Lv Hao
Published: December 2018

In this paper, a printed monopole antenna design for WiMAX/WLAN applications in cable-free self-positioning seismograph nodes is proposed. Great improvements were achieved in miniaturizing the antenna and in widening the narrow bandwidth of the high-frequency band. The antenna was fed by a microstrip gradient line and consisted of a triangle, an inverted-F shape, and an M-shaped structure, which was rotated 90° counterclockwise to form a surface-radiating patch. This structure effectively widened the operating bandwidth of the antenna. Excitation led to the generation of two impedance bands of 2.39–2.49 and 4.26–7.99 GHz for a voltage standing wave ratio of less than 2. The two impedance bandwidths were 100 MHz, i.e., 4.08% relative to the center frequency of 2.45 GHz, and 3730 MHz, i.e., 64.31% relative to the center frequency of 5.80 GHz, covering the WiMAX high-frequency band (5.25–5.85 GHz) and the WLAN band (2.4/5.2/5.8). This article describes the design details of the antenna and presents the results of both simulations and experiments that show good agreement. The proposed antenna meets the field-work requirements of cable-less seismograph nodes.
Damaged Attachments & Family Dislocations: The Operations of Class in Adoptive Family Life
Authors: Sales Sally
Published: December 2018

This paper is an initial exploration of an under researched area in the field of contemporary adoption—the impact of class on adoptive family life. The first part of the paper argues that whilst class is structurally present in adoption work, the effects of class difference have been a neglected dimension of practice. This neglect of class in adoption reflects its elision in the wider social field. It isn’t that class stratification has materially or economically disappeared but that the inequalities it installs are concealed through a new privileging of individualism. This individualizing of social problems places new regimes of responsibility upon both individuals and parents. This section concludes with an exploration of the intensive field of contemporary parenting, where social background is considered unimportant. It is argued that attachment theory has become a dominant paradigm for parenting in both adoption and the wider social field because its classed notions of parenting are concealed. The second part of the paper draws upon a small scale qualitative study with one local authority adoption team where adoptive parents and birth parents were interviewed about class and parenting. Working classness assumed a structuring importance in terms of the interview material, as most participants were from this class background. Two areas are particularly foregrounded: the degree to which adopted children’s class differences are interpreted as attachment difficulties and the degree to which middle-classness operates as a silent measure for successful parenting in substitute care.
RAD-ical New Insights into RAD51 Regulation
Authors: Sullivan Meghan R. , Bernstein Kara A.
Published: December 2018

The accurate repair of DNA is critical for genome stability and cancer prevention. DNA double-strand breaks are one of the most toxic lesions; however, they can be repaired using homologous recombination. Homologous recombination is a high-fidelity DNA repair pathway that uses a homologous template for repair. One central HR step is RAD51 nucleoprotein filament formation on the single-stranded DNA ends, which is a step required for the homology search and strand invasion steps of HR. RAD51 filament formation is tightly controlled by many positive and negative regulators, which are collectively termed the RAD51 mediators. The RAD51 mediators function to nucleate, elongate, stabilize, and disassemble RAD51 during repair. In model organisms, RAD51 paralogs are RAD51 mediator proteins that structurally resemble RAD51 and promote its HR activity. New functions for the RAD51 paralogs during replication and in RAD51 filament flexibility have recently been uncovered. Mutations in the human RAD51 paralogs (RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, XRCC2, XRCC3, and SWSAP1) are found in a subset of breast and ovarian cancers. Despite their discovery three decades ago, few advances have been made in understanding the function of the human RAD51 paralogs. Here, we discuss the current perspective on the in vivo and in vitro function of the RAD51 paralogs, and their relationship with cancer in vertebrate models.
Microbiological Study of Yamal Lakes: A Key to Understanding the Evolution of Gas Emission Craters
Authors: Savvichev Alexander , Leibman Marina , Kadnikov Vitaly , Kallistova Anna , Pimenov Nikolai , Ravin Nikolai , Dvornikov Yury , Khomutov Artem
Published: December 2018

Although gas emission craters (GECs) are actively investigated, the question of which landforms result from GECs remains open. The evolution of GECs includes the filling of deep hollows with atmospheric precipitation and deposits from their retreating walls, so that the final stage of gas emission crater (GEC) lake development does not differ from that of any other lakes. Microbial activity and diversity may be indicators that make it possible to distinguish GEC lakes from other exogenous lakes. This work aimed at a comparison of the activity and diversity of microbial communities in young GEC lakes and mature background lakes of Central Yamal by using a radiotracer analysis and high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes. The radiotracer analysis revealed slow-flowing microbial processes as expected for the cold climate of the study area. GEC lakes differed from background ones by slow rates of anaerobic processes (methanogenesis, sulfate reduction) as well as by a low abundance and diversity of methanogens. Other methane cycle micro-organisms (aerobic and anaerobic methanotrophs) were similar in all studied lakes and represented by Methylobacter and ANME 2d; the rates of methane oxidation were also similar. Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Betaproteobacteria, and Acidobacteria were predominant in both lake types. Thus, GEC lakes may be identified by their scarce methanogenic population.
High Resolution Drone Surveying of the Pista Geoglyph in Palpa, Peru
Authors: Pavelka Karel , Šedina Jaroslav , Matoušková Eva
Published: December 2018

Currently, satellite images can be used to document historical or archaeological sites in areas that are distant, dangerous, or expensive to visit, and they can be used instead of basic fieldwork in several cases. Nowadays, they have final resolution on 35–50 cm, which can be limited for searching of fine structures. Results using the analysis of very high resolution (VHR) satellite data and super resolution data from drone on an object nearby Palpa, Peru are discussed in this article. This study is a part of Nasca project focused on using satellite data for documentation and the analysis of the famous geoglyphs in Peru near Palpa and Nasca, and partially on the documentation of other historical objects. The use of drone shows advantages of this technology to achieve high resolution object documentation and analysis, which provide new details. The documented site was the “Pista” geoglyph. Discovering of unknown geoglyphs (a bird, a guinea pig, and other small drawings) was quite significant in the area of the well-known geoglyph. The new data shows many other details, unseen from the surface or from the satellite imagery, and provides the basis for updating current knowledge and theories about the use and construction of geoglyphs.