bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in Muscle Deoxygenation During Squat Exercise After 6-Week Resistance Training With Different Percentages of Velocity Loss
Authors: Costilla Manual , Casals Cristina , Marín-Galindo Alberto , Sánchez-Sixto Alberto , Muñoz-López Alejandro , Sañudo Borja , Corral-Pérez Juan , Ponce-González Jesús Gustavo
Published: February 2023

Costilla, M, Casals, C, Marín-Galindo, A, Sánchez-Sixto, A, Muñoz-López, A, Sañudo, B, Corral-Pérez, J, and Ponce-González, JG. Changes in muscle deoxygenation during squat exercise after 6-week resistance training with different percentages of velocity loss. J Strength Cond Res 37(8): 1573–1580, 2023—The present study compared, for the first time, the effects of 6 weeks of 20% (20VL) vs. 40% (40VL) velocity loss (VL) resistance training (RT) programs on muscle oxygen dynamics during the squat exercise. Twenty-three young men (21.4 ± 2.4 years) were randomly allocated into the 20VL group (n = 8), 40VL group (n = 7), or control group (CG; n = 8). The RT program consisted of 3 sets of Smith machine back squat exercise at 20VL or 40VL with a 3-minute rest between sets, twice per week for 6 weeks. Tissue oxygenation index (TOI) was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy in the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis during a squat test (8-repetition 1 m·s−1 load test), and the maximum (maxTOI) and minimum (minTOI) TOIs were measured during a 3-min recovery period. After the 6-week RT program, TOI increased significantly at the beginning of the test in both muscles (during the first 4 repetitions in the vastus lateralis and 5 repetitions in the vastus medialis) in the 20VL group (p < 0.05), with nonsignificant changes in the 40VL group and CG. The maxTOI was significantly increased in the vastus medialis (+3.76%) and vastus lateralis (+3.97%) after the training only in the 20VL group (p < 0.05). The minTOI in the vastus medialis reached during the test remained unchanged postintervention for both training groups, with the CG showing significantly higher values compared with the 20VL group (+14.1%; p < 0.05). In conclusion, depending on the VL reached during a squat RT program, different changes in muscle oxygen dynamics can be expected. Training at 20% of VL improves metabolic efficiency and the reoxygenation peak after the set.
Association Between Foundation Strength and Weightlifting Exercises in Highly Trained Weightlifters: Support for a General Strength Component
Authors: Zecchin Arthur , Puggina Enrico F. , Hortobágyi Tibor , Granacher Urs
Published: February 2023

Zecchin, A, Puggina, EF, Hortobágyi, T, and Granacher, U. Association between foundation strength and weightlifting exercises in highly trained weightlifters: support for a general strength component. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—In addition to specific weightlifting exercises (i.e., clean and jerk and snatch), foundation strength exercises (i.e., overhead press, front squat, and deadlift) constitute an integral part of the weightlifters' training regime. The unexamined concept behind this training plan is that foundation strength exercises are associated with clean and jerk and snatch performance, implying the existence of a general strength component. We thus determined the relationship between performance in foundation strength exercises (overhead press, front squat, and deadlift) and weightlifting exercises (clean and jerk and snatch) in weightlifters. Well-trained weightlifters (N = 19, age: 26.8 ± 4.4 years; body mass index: 27.6 ± 2.3 kg·m−2; and training history: 4.6 ± 0.8 years) performed 1 repetition maximum tests (1RM) in foundation strength and weightlifting exercises, over 14 days, in a randomized order. We observed significant correlations in 1RM performance between the overhead press and snatch (r = 0.69), front squat and snatch (r = 0.73), overhead press and clean and jerk (r = 0.67), and front squat and clean and jerk (r = 0.72, all r values: p < 0.01). No significant correlations were found for 1RM performance between the snatch and deadlift or between the clean and jerk and deadlift (r-range: 0.20–0.58; p > 0.05). Stepwise linear regression revealed that 1RM performance in the overhead press and front squat explained 62% of the variance in snatch 1RM performance (F = 5.51; p < 0.04). Overhead press and front squat 1RM performance explained 59% of the variance in the clean and jerk 1RM performance (F = 5.14; p < 0.04). Our results demonstrate the existence of a general strength component between selected foundation strength exercises and weightlifting performance. However, the use of the front squat and overhead press to increase 1RM performance in weightlifting exercises needs to be determined in future research using a different methodological approach (i.e., longitudinal protocols), given that the observed correlations do not necessarily imply causation.
Validity and Reliability of an Isometric Row in Quantifying Maximal Force Production in Collegiate Rowers
Authors: Pineda Diana , Hudak Jonathan , Bingham Garett E. , Taber Christopher B.
Published: February 2023

Pineda, D, Hudak, J, Bingham, GE, and Taber, CB. Validity and reliability of an isometric row in quantifying maximal force production in collegiate rowers. J Strength Cond Res 37(8): e462–e465, 2023—The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between a maximal isometric strength test with a maximal dynamic strength test. The main outcome was to evaluate the isometric test to determine if it was a valid and reliable measurement tool for testing and monitoring of rowing athletes. Collegiate Division 1 rowers were tested on measures of maximal dynamic and isometric strength on 2 occasions separated by 14 days. Thirty-two female athletes (age: 19.9 11.0 years; height: 168.2 ± 7.6 cm; body mass: 71.3 as13.2 kg) participated in this study. Although the isometric test had greater reliability, both tests displayed good-to-excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.79–0.92). Strong correlations were present for the relationship between isometric and dynamic strength tests (r = 0.76–0.82, p = <0.001). The data indicate that the isometric row test is valid and reliable compared with dynamic testing and may be used in conjunction with dynamic testing in the evaluation of collegiate rowers.
Acute Effects of Varied Back Squat Activation Protocols on Muscle-Tendon Stiffness and Jumping Performance
Authors: Krzysztofik Michał , Wilk Michał , Pisz Anna , Kolinger Dominik , Tsoukos Athanasios , Zając Adam , Stastny Petr , Bogdanis Gregory C.
Published: February 2023

Krzysztofik, M, Wilk, M, Pisz, A, Kolinger, D, Tsoukos, A, Zając, A, Stastny, P, and Bogdanis, GC. Acute effects of varied back squat activation protocols on muscle-tendon stiffness and jumping performance. J Strength Cond Res 37(7): 1419–1427, 2023—Intensity, movement velocity, and volume are the principal factors to successfully use postactivation performance enhancement. Therefore, 15 resistance-trained volleyball players completed 3 different back squat configurations as a conditioning activity (CA) in randomized order: (a) 3 sets of 3 repetitions at 85% 1RM (HL); (b) a single set of back squats at 60% 1RM until 10% mean velocity loss (VB); (c) and 2 sets of back squats at 60% 1RM until 10% mean velocity loss (2VB) on subsequent countermovement jump performance, Achilles tendon, and vastus lateralis stiffness with concomitant front thigh skin surface temperature assessment. The measurements were performed 5 minutes before the CA and at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 minutes. The jump height was significantly increased in the second minute and at peak, post-CA compared with baseline for all conditions (p = 0.049; ES = 0.23 and p < 0.001; ES = 0.37). Skin surface temperature was significantly increased for all post-CA time points compared with baseline in the 2VB condition (p from <0.001–0.023; ES = 0.39–1.04) and in the fourth minute and at peak post-CA in HL condition (p = 0.023; ES = 0.69 and p = 0.04; ES = 0.46), whereas for the VB condition, a significant decrease in peak post-CA was found (p = 0.004; ES = −0.54). Achilles tendon stiffness was significantly decreased for second, fourth, eighth, 10th, and peak post-CA in comparison to baseline for all conditions (p from p = 0.004–0.038; ES = −0.47 to −0.69). Vastus lateralis stiffness was significantly decreased for peak post-CA compared with baseline for all conditions (p = 0.017; ES = −0.42). We recommend using a single set of barbell squats with a 10% velocity loss as a mechanism of fatigue control to acutely improve jump height performance and avoid unnecessary increases in training volume.
Comparison in Repetitions to Failure Between Concentric-Only and Eccentric-Only Dumbbell Arm Curl Exercise at Four Different Relative Intensities
Authors: Shibata Keisuke , Yamaguchi Taichi , Takizawa Kazuki , Nosaka Kazunori
Published: February 2023

Shibata, K, Yamaguchi, T, Takizawa, K, and Nosaka, K. Comparison in repetitions to failure between concentric-only and eccentric-only dumbbell arm curl exercise at four different relative intensities. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—The repetitions to failure (RF) were compared between concentric-only (CON) and eccentric-only (ECC) arm curl exercise for different intensities based on CON and ECC 1 repetition maximum (1RM), respectively, with 2 different inter-repetition rests. Sixteen healthy male, university students (19–22 years) participated in 6 sessions. In sessions 1 and 2, CON and ECC 1RM strength were determined. In sessions 3 to 6, CON and ECC dumbbell arm curl exercises were performed until momentary failure at the intensity of either 70, 80, 90 or 95% of CON and ECC 1RM, respectively, with the inter-repetition rest of 3 seconds (R3) for one arm and 6 seconds (R6) for the other arm in a pseudo-randomized order. A significant (p < 0.01) muscle contraction type × intensity interaction effect was evident for both R3 and R6 conditions. RF was greater (p < 0.01) in ECC than in CON at 70% (34.2 ± 13.3 vs 20.9 ± 5.4), 80% (22.0 ± 6.7 vs 11.6 ± 2.7), 90% (10.1 ± 3.1 vs 5.2 ± 1.3), and 95% (6.8 ± 2.1 vs 2.7 ± 0.8) for R3. RF was also greater (p < 0.01) for ECC than for CON at 80% (24.5 ± 8.1 vs 15.6 ± 3.6), 90% (10.8 ± 2.8 vs 7.2 ± 1.8) and 95% (6.7 ± 2.4 vs 3.9 ± 1.5) for R6, with greater (p < 0.05) RF for R6 than R3. Significant (p < 0.01) correlations in RF were evident between CON and ECC for R3 (r = 0.86) and R6 (r = 0.76). Equations to estimate 1RM were derived for CON and ECC at R3 and R6 (e.g., ECC 1RM = Load × 110.0/[110.5-RF] for R3). These results suggest that fatigue is less in ECC than in CON performed at the same relative intensity.
Influence of Minimalist Footwear in Middle and Long Distance Runners' Physical Fitness, Biomechanics, and Injury Incidence: A Systematic Review
Authors: Linares-Martín José Ángel , Rico-González Markel
Published: February 2023

Interest in investigating minimalist footwear (MF) has grown exponentially in recent years. This article systematically reviews the benefits of MF for physical fitness, biomechanical factors, and injury incidence in middle and long distance runners. A systematic review of PubMed and FECYT (Web of Sciences, CCC, DIIDW, KJD, MEDLINE, RSCI, and SCIELO) was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines before 26 April of 2022. From the 583 studies initially found, 23 were included in the qualitative synthesis. The use of MF induces improvements in running economy and stride frequency in middle and long distance races and reduces the oscillations of a runner's center of gravity and support time. From a biomechanical viewpoint, MF enhances forefoot support and increases knee stability, leading to greater foot and ankle mobility. In addition, MF reduces impact load at the knee joint.
Strength and Conditioning for Cricket Fielding: A Narrative Review
Authors: Lim Julian , Wong Sing , McErlain-Naylor Stuart A. , Scanlan Aaron , Goggins Luke , Ahmun Rob , Comfort Paul , Weldon Anthony
Published: February 2023

The main aim of cricket fielding is to minimize runs scored by the opposing batting team. This is achieved through (a) collecting a batted ball and returning it to the wicket-keeper to prevent runs from being scored, (b) dismissing a batter by catching a batted ball, (c) running a batter out by throwing the ball to strike the stumps, or 4) preventing a batted ball from hitting the boundary. These tasks require various physical fitness attributes, which can be developed through progressive strength and conditioning programming. To support strength and conditioning coaches in developing tailored programs for fielding, this narrative review provides comprehensive information, including a needs analysis, match demands, and injury epidemiology. Furthermore, programming considerations are given for physical testing, program design, and youth fielders. It is recommended to design and implement a well-rounded training program for fielding, focusing on developing a broad range of physical fitness attributes (e.g., aerobic fitness, speed, acceleration, change of direction speed, agility, and upper-body and lower-body strength and power). A combination of traditional weight training exercises and cricket-specific drills can be implemented to achieve this target. This approach allows the training program to meet the specific needs for high- performance fielding.
Human Performance Optimization (HPO) for the Warfighter—Keeping It Simple in a Complex Age: A Narrative Review
Authors: Nevin Jonpaul , Jones Martin Ian
Published: February 2023

For the past 2 decades, western Armed Forces have been almost continuously engaged in combat operations worldwide. Over this period, changes to the character of conflict, combined with technological advancements, have resulted in a contemporary military operational environment that is arguably more volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous than ever before. However, although the character of conflict may have changed, it fundamentally remains a human endeavor that places unique and intense physiological, psychological, and cognitive demands on the warfighter. As a result, there has been an increased emphasis in military and scientific circles on the concept of human performance optimization. In addition, the concept of the tactical athlete as a categorization for military personnel and those who work in extremis settings has developed within the professional strength and conditioning community. Therefore, the following narrative review aims to outline the concept of human performance optimization, review the demands of the modern operational environment, and provide strength and conditioning practitioners working with military personnel with evidence-based recommendations to optimize the physiological, psychological, and cognitive performance of the warfighter.
Interlimb Asymmetries in Swimming and Their Impact on Performance: Evidence From a Scoping Review
Authors: Knihs Débora A. , Bishop Chris , Zimmermann Haiko B. , Dal Pupo Juliano
Published: February 2023

The objectives of this review were to (a) map the studies analyzing bilateral asymmetries in specific (in-water tests) and nonspecific (dry-land tests) swimming contexts and (b) investigate the effects of interlimb asymmetries on swimming performance. Searches were systematically conducted on 4 databases. Of 768 studies examined, 60 were eligible for the final selection (https://osf.io/46gya). Twenty-eight studies analyzed asymmetries during in-water tests, with asymmetry values ranging from 2.7 to 60.0%, and most studies (n = 18) reported significant between-limb differences (p < 0.05). Asymmetries were also analyzed during dry-land tests in 24 studies, with asymmetry values ranging from 1.1 to 16.6%. Interestingly, most of these studies (n = 12) did not verify any significant between-limb differences (p > 0.05). Eight studies measured asymmetries in both contexts and reported asymmetry values from −24.1–17.4%, with 4 studies finding significant differences between body sides (p < 0.05). Seven of the 60 studies selected investigated the relationship between asymmetries and swimming performance, with 5 reporting no meaningful associations. In conclusion, significant asymmetries in swimming are more evident during in-water than during dry-land tests. In addition, the few studies investigating asymmetries' influence on swimming performance reported that asymmetries rarely impact swimming performance.
Modulation of Motor Vigor by Expectation of Reward Probability Trial-by-Trial Is Preserved in Healthy Ageing and Parkinson's Disease Patients
Authors: Tecilla Margherita , Großbach Michael , Gentile Giovanni , Holland Peter , Sporn Sebastian , Antonini Angelo , Herrojo Ruiz Maria
Published: February 2023

Motor improvements, such as faster movement times or increased velocity, have been associated with reward magnitude in deterministic contexts. Yet whether individual inferences on reward probability influence motor vigor dynamically remains undetermined. We investigated how dynamically inferring volatile action-reward contingencies modulated motor performance trial-by-trial. We conducted three studies that coupled a reversal learning paradigm with a motor sequence task and used a validated hierarchical Bayesian model to fit trial-by-trial data. In Study 1, we tested healthy younger [HYA; 37 (24 females)] and older adults [HOA; 37 (17 females)], and medicated Parkinson's disease (PD) patients [20 (7 females)]. We showed that stronger predictions about the tendency of the action-reward contingency led to faster performance tempo, commensurate with movement time, on a trial-by-trial basis without robustly modulating reaction time (RT). Using Bayesian linear mixed models, we demonstrated a similar invigoration effect on performance tempo in HYA, HOA, and PD, despite HOA and PD being slower than HYA. In Study 2 [HYA, 39 (29 females)], we additionally showed that retrospective subjective inference about credit assignment did not contribute to differences in motor vigor effects. Last, Study 3 [HYA, 33 (27 females)] revealed that explicit beliefs about the reward tendency (confidence ratings) modulated performance tempo trial-by-trial. Our study is the first to reveal that the dynamic updating of beliefs about volatile action-reward contingencies positively biases motor performance through faster tempo. We also provide robust evidence for a preserved sensitivity of motor vigor to inferences about the action-reward mapping in aging and medicated PD.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNavigating a world rich in uncertainty relies on updating beliefs about the probability that our actions lead to reward. Here, we investigated how inferring the action-reward contingencies in a volatile environment modulated motor vigor trial-by-trial in healthy younger and older adults, and in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients on medication. We found an association between trial-by-trial predictions about the tendency of the action-reward contingency and performance tempo, with stronger expectations speeding the movement. We additionally provided evidence for a similar sensitivity of performance tempo to the strength of these predictions in all groups. Thus, dynamic beliefs about the changing relationship between actions and their outcome enhanced motor vigor. This positive bias was not compromised by age or Parkinson's disease.
Care to child with muscular dystrophies dependent of home technology: mothers´ conception
Authors: Oliveira Fabíola Sousa de , Vasconcelos Viviane Mamede , Martins Mariana Cavalcante , Lúcio Ingrid Martins Leite
Published: February 2023

It was aimed to understand the mother's conception on care to child with muscular dystrophies dependent on technology. Descriptive study with qualitative approach carried out in a children's hospital of the tertiary net in Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil, as well as in homes of children with muscular dystrophy assisted by the Home Ventilation Assistance Program. The informants were mothers of children with dystrophy aged between zero and four years old, admitted in the Special Patients Unit and assisted by this program. We performed semi-structured interviews and after analysis, the following categories emerged: Care of children with muscular dystrophy and Feelings and expectations of mothers of children with muscular dystrophy. We identified that some mothers consider the child's daily life within the normal patterns, and others report difficulties, creating anxiety and fear of death. Thus, we verify the importance of nurses in the training of these mothers for directed care enabling to overcome stressful moments.
Constitutional Law System in Indonesia and Its Comparison with Other Legal Systems
Authors: Yunus Nur Rohim , Siagian Amrizal , Zein Fitriyani
Published: February 2023

Constitutional law is characterized in a broad sense as the legal laws controlling state structures, the interaction between vertical and horizontal state instruments, and the position of citizens and their human rights. Nevertheless, there are variations in the techniques and methods of applying the state system, in addition to the standard regulations that serve as the state's fundamental standards. This study employed a qualitative research strategy with a comparative study design. According to the findings of the study, the aims of the constitutional law systems of many nations are comparable. In contrast, Indonesia's legal system is founded on Pancasila and the Constitution of 1945 and seeks fairness for all its citizens. In Indonesia, the constitutional legal system recognizes legal plurality, Islamic law, and customary law. This is not found in other countries legal systems.Keywords: Legal System; State Administration; Legal Comparison Abstract:Hukum Tata Negara dalam pengertian umum diartikan sebagai sekumpulan peraturan hukum yang mengatur organisasi dari negara, hubungan antar alat perlengkapan negara dalam garis vertikal dan horizontal, serta kedudukan warga negara dan hak-hak asasinya. Namum dalam aplikasinya, terdapat perbedaan cara dan metode pelaksanaan sistem bernegara, selain terikat pada aturan baku yang menjadi landasan utama sebagai norma dasar suatu negara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan comparative studies. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa ada kesamaan tujuan pada sistem hukum tata negara pada beberapa negara. Namun pada negara Indonesia, sistem hukumnya berdasarkan Pancasila dan UUD 1945 serta mencita-citakan keadilan bagi seluruh rakyatnya. Sistem hukum tata negara di Indonesia mengakui adanya pluralisme hukum, hukum Islam, dan hukum adat. Hal inilah yang tidak terdapat pada sistem hukum negara lain.Kata Kunci: Sistem Hukum; Tata Negara; Perbandingan Hukum
Die Medaillen und Schaumünzen der Kaiser und Könige aus dem Haus Habsburg im Münzkabinett des Kunsthistorischen Museums Wien, Band XI - Ferdinand I. (1793-1875, reg. 1835-1848)
Authors: Mayr Andrea
Published: February 2023

Eine Medaille weist alle Vorzüge eines Denkmals in Miniaturformat auf. Sie war und ist Zeugnis vergangener Epochen, erzählt von historischen Gegebenheiten, Anlässen, bedeutenden Persönlichkeiten und spiegelt die jeweilige Kunstströmung wider. Als prunkvolles Porträt- und Schaustück war sie von Beginn an begehrt und damit auch stets bedeutender Teil fürstlicher Repräsentation. Die vorliegende Publikation aus der Reihe der Sammlungskataloge des Münzkabinetts im Kunsthistorischen Museum Wien widmet sich in zwei Teilbänden den Gold-, Silber- und Bronzemedaillen, die für den österreichischen Kaiser Ferdinand I. während seiner Regierungszeit (1835–1848) geprägt wurden. Ihre Herstellung erfolgte am Hauptmünzamt in Wien, das zu dieser Zeit die zentrale Stelle der Münz- und Medaillenprägung des gesamten Habsburgerreichs darstellte. Streng geregelte Abläufe – von der Konzeption des Bild- und Legendenprogramms über die Anfertigung von Skizzen und die Herstellung des Prägestempels bis zur Ausprägung und Verteilung an unterschiedliche Adressatenkreise – werden nun erstmals ausführlich beleuchtet. Band I widmet sich der Biografie des Herrschers, seinem Öffentlichkeitsbild sowie den unterschiedlichen Medaillengattungen und fragt nach ihrem Stellenwert und ihrer Funktion. Band II bietet als umfangreicher Katalog erstmals die Rekonstruktion der individuellen und anlassbezogenen Produktionsprozesse. Durch die Zusammenführung von Quellen- und Archivstudium mit kunsthistorischen und numismatischen Fragestellungen kann somit ein möglichst umfassendes Bild zu den Medaillen und ihrer Rolle für die Herrscherrepräsentation in der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts gezeichnet werden.
Staphylococcal biofilm on wedding rings worn by laboratory workers
Authors: Ćirković Ivana , Pejović Aleksa , Jovićević Miloš , Brkić Snežana , Djukić Slobodanka , Božić Dragana D.
Published: February 2023

Hands of healthcare workers play essential role in the spreading of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in and out of the healthcare settings. Less is known about the role of laboratory workers (LWs). The aim of our study was to evaluate the presence of biofilm-forming staphylococci on the surface of jewelry rings of LWs and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.

A total of 79 LWs from eight different microbiology laboratories that process and analyze specimens from the tertiary care hospitals in Belgrade, Serbia participated in the study. The study was reviewed and approved by the institutional review boards at hospitals. Samples were taken after hand washing. Bacteria on LWs wedding rings were detected with the rolling method, and further analyzed in order to determine the number of colony forming unit (CFU) per ring, species of bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, methicillin resistance and biofilm-producing capacity in vitro.

Staphylococci were recovered from 60.8% of wedding rings. All strains produced biofilm (25% weak, 56.2% moderate and 18.8% large amount), with significant difference between species (P < 0.001). Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis formed the largest amount of biofilm and had the largest number of CFU per ring. Staphylococci were most commonly resistant to penicillin (66.7%), tetracycline (50.0%), and erythromycin (45.8%); 41.7% of isolates was multidrug resistant and mecA gene was detected in five strains. All strains were susceptible to linezolid, vancomycin, teicoplanin and tigecycline.

Staphylococci colonize LWs wedding rings, form biofilm on it, have multidrug resistant phenotype and/or carry mecA gene, representing a significant reservoir for the spreading of microorganisms and resistance. As far as we know, our study is the first that address this topic in laboratory workers.
Unambiguous evidence that over half of gambling problems in Australia are caused by electronic gambling machines: Results from a large-scale composite population study
Authors: Browne Matthew , Delfabbro Paul , Thorne Hannah B. , Tulloch Catherine , Rockloff Matthew J. , Hing Nerilee , Dowling Nicki A , Stevens Matthew
Published: February 2023

Background and aims

It is well understood that engagement with some forms of gambling, like EGMs, is riskier than other forms. However, while reports of associations are common, few studies have attempted to evaluate and compare the relative risk of all available forms, and none have estimated the relative contribution of each form to the total burden of gambling problems (GP) in a population.

Methods

Using an aggregated dataset of national and state-based prevalence studies in Australia (N = 71,103), we estimated prevalence and unique effects of frequency of engagement on each form on GP. Two alternative numerical methods were then applied to infer the relative contribution of each form to the total amount of GP.

Results

EGMs are responsible for 51%–57% of gambling problems in Australia, and 90% of gambling problems are attributable to EGMs, casino, race, and sports betting. Casino table games and EGMs are equally risky at the individual level, but the former contribute far less to problems due to low participation. Bingo and lottery play show no statistically detectable risk for GP.

Discussion and conclusion

The results illustrate which forms present the greatest population burden and illuminate the reasons why. EGMs have an outsized impact. EGM uniquely combines high risk conditional on play, with a high participation rate and a high frequency of play among participants. This is in contrast to risky but less commonly played casino games, and prevalent but non-risky forms like lotteries. We conclude that EGM regulation should be a primary focus of policy action in Australia. More innovative policy ideas relating to EGMs should be tested due to the disproportionate impact of this product type.
Estilo Run-and-gun e Herança Neorrealista: Regimes de Realismo em Cidade de Deus e Pixote, a Lei do Mais Fraco
Authors: Bulhões Marcelo
Published: February 2023

O propósito deste artigo é promover um exercício teórico e analítico pelo cotejo de dois filmes brasileiros de clara associação temática, Pixote, a Lei do Mais Fraco (1980) e Cidade de Deus (2002), cujos regimes de realismo se distinguem.  Tal cotejo permite reconhecer a gestação de importantes mutações na retratação da marginalidade social brasileira. Enquanto Pixote organiza certo delineamento narrativo-audiovisual que acusa a herança neorrealista do “filme verdade” e estabelece certas afinidades com o Cinema Novo, em Cidade de Deus o estilo run-and-gun é expediente discursivo que não atenua as marcas da mediação técnica que produz as imagens, portadoras de estatuto de autenticidade. Embora o recorte seja breve, o artigo encaminha uma reflexão sobre o problema da enunciação cinematográfica em dimensão mais ampla. Em termos metodológicos, o artigo é tomado por envergadura analítico-interpretativa ancorada em procedimentos de análise fílmica, aliados a contribuições a respeito da enunciação cinematográfica.
Pode o binômio religiosidade/espiritualidade afetar a saúde física dos idosos? Uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Petter Jobe , Gomes Lucy Oliveira , Muniz Monique Karen Teles , Alves Vicente Paulo
Published: February 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo identificar pesquisas que mostram a relação entre Religiosidade e Espiritualidade (R/E) e os marcadores de saúde. O método utilizado foi a revisão de escopo com artigos publicados nos últimos 05 anos, em inglês, espanhol ou português. Os resultados retornaram 978 publicações, das quais 10 permaneceram após as etapas de seleção. Grande parte dos achados mostraram evidências demonstradas no entendimento do papel da R/E em relação a saúde física dos idosos, sejam elas positivas ou negativas. Concluiu-se que há uma incipiência e falta de conhecimento dos mecanismos de influência de R/E sobre o corpo biológico.
A Psicanálise e o triunfo da Religião
Authors: Brandão Hugo
Published: February 2023

Há uma intrínseca relação entre a psicanalise e a religião que precisa ser compreendida para que melhor consigamos entender o fenômeno religioso nos dias atuais. Analisaremos a Religião a partir da psicanálise, em especial, refletindo acerca da concepção de Pai primeiro em Freud e Pai simbólico em Lacan, bem como a formação da função paterna e seu papel de alteridade e de fundamentação e legitimação na cultura Ocidental. Discutiremos as concepções de ambos os autores citados sobre suas respectivas projeções do futuro da religião e apresentaremos que as evidências científicas apontam para um triunfo da mesma nos dias atuais.
Preparation of sustained-release-type citric-acid-intercalated hydrotalcite and its application in oil-well cement
Authors: Zuo Tianpeng , Huang Sheng , Zhang Chunmei , Gu Tao , Liu Kaiqiang , Cheng Xiaowei
Published: February 2023

To address the problems of poor thermal stability and over-retarding of cement slurry by retarders, as well as the sensitivity to citric acid (CA) dosage and poor early strength of cement treated with hydroxycarboxylic acid retarders, CA-intercalated magnesium aluminium hydrotalcite (Mg/Al-CA-LDH, henceforth called CAIH) with a sustained-release effect was prepared by an anion exchange reaction between CA and magnesium aluminium carbonate layered double hydroxide (Mg/Al-CO3-LDH). The prepared CAIH exhibited good crystallinity and high thermal stability, and 39.92% CA could be inserted in the composite. Evaluation of the thickening and compressive strength of oil-well cement showed that the addition of CAIH effectively maintained the fluidity of the cement slurry and improved its early compressive strength. Furthermore, because of the seed effect of hydrotalcite and the microrelease of CA in CAIH, the synergistic effect of hydrotalcite and CAIH can promote the setting of oil-well cement: the effect was stable and the thickening curve was stable, indicating right-angle thickening.
Evaluación del deterioro cognitivo en mayores sanos
Authors: Cuenca Sánchez Cindy Estefanía
Published: February 2023

El presente trabajo basa su fundamento en el estudio del estado cognitivo general de un grupo de adultos mayores sanos y no institucionalizados, el cual fue comparado con un grupo de control conformado por jóvenes, para comprobar si las funciones cognitivas experimentan o no el mismo declive con el avance de la edad.También se estudió que ocurre con las funciones básicas: orientación, atención tónica y el lenguaje y si estas podrían conservarse relativamente estables en el envejecimiento sano. Se llegaron a conclusiones acerca de si el nivel educativo puede ejercer un efecto modulador en la ejecución de ciertas tareas evaluadas. Se utilizó la batería neuropsicológica NEUROPSI con la participación de 17 adultos mayores sanos divididos en dos grupos según los años de escolarización (5-9 años y 10-24 años). Como grupo de control participaron 17 jóvenes con educación superior (10-24 años). Los resultados mostraron que, en la función básica de orientación, así como en áreas más complejas como el lenguaje y las funciones ejecutivas se observa que en algunas subtareas el rendimiento de mayores sanos, independiente del nivel de escolarización, es equiparable a los jóvenes, no así las funciones de atención y memoria donde se encontraron diferencias en función de la edad y el nivel académico. Los resultados sugieren que no todas las funciones se deterioran al mismo ritmo con el envejecimiento de manera que con los años puede perderse algo de memoria, pero otras funciones como orientación y léxico siguen intactas.
Síndrome de Munchausen por procuração: uma revisão narrativa sobre a figura perpétradora
Authors: Lopes Elisabete , Caçador Anastácio Zélia
Published: February 2023

A Síndrome de Munchausen por Procuração é uma tipologia de abuso infantil, de natureza rara e invulgar, que se revela de extremo perigo para a criança. É também designada como um transtorno mental, sendo por isso o/a perpetrador/a que recebe o diagnóstico. A figura perpetradora é definida como narcisista, histérica e manipuladora, exibindo mentira patológica, o que se coaduna com outros transtornos de personalidade. Embora no seu íntimo esta seja a sua realidade, o seu comportamento é revelador de demasiado cuidado e proteção para com a criança, na presença de outros. O seu diagnóstico é de difícil consecução em virtude das características inerentes ao transtorno, da caracterização do perfil do/a perpetrador/a, mas também devido à falta de perceção pelo profissional de saúde. Este trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar a figura perpetradora e a sua conduta. Como metodologia procede-se de umarevisão narrativa daliteraturaeanálise de alguns estudos decaso quesão reveladores do comportamento preditor. Projeta-se que a definição clara, objetiva e criteriosa desperte a curiosidade e o interesse de vários profissionais de forma a impulsionar a investigação, pois a literatura não é unânime quanto aos constructos que regem esta condição patológica. Por último, espera-se contribuir para que os profissionais de saúde desenvolvam competências para diagnosticar atempadamente este comportamento e se mantenham alerta perante comportamentos de amistosa manipulação do/a perpetrador/a, sem danos para a criança vítima.
The distribution and conservation status of Knautia dipsacifolia (Caprifoliaceae, Dipsacales) in Hungary
Authors: Bauer Norbert , Nagy József
Published: February 2023

It was proven during the herbarium revision work that confirmed data of the species Knautia dipsacifolia in Hungary only came from a few stream valleys of the volcanic (andesite) mountains of the Matricum (Visegrád Mts, Börzsöny Mts, Mátra Mts) characterised with cool microclimate. All other data from the country were found to be false reporting. Not a single individual has been found of the species, which is currently threatened with extinction and is disappearing from the Hungarian flora, in any formerly mapped places of occurrence in the last three years. Similarly to other mountainous relict species, K. dipsacifolia seems to be one of the victims of climate change in the Carpathian Basin, which has been characterised by increasingly frequent periods of drought and rising average temperatures.
ESP Teachers: Insights, Challenges and Needs in the EFL Context
Authors: Sukying Apisak , Supunya Nuntapat , Phusawisot Pilanut
Published: February 2023

This research investigated ESP teachers’ perceptions of the underlying concepts, challenges, and needs of ESP teaching in Thailand. A six-Likert questionnaire and checklist were given to 63 ESP teachers at a Thai government university. An interview was also used to further explore 12 teacher participants’ issues, challenges, and needs in ESP practices. The results indicated that Thai university teachers had a piecemeal understanding of ESP concepts, and they also agreed that ESP practice is a complex and challenging task. Moreover, the current findings indicate that language teachers must work in tandem with the content teachers. Indeed, the results strongly suggest that teachers require professional training in ESP teaching. Overall, ESP teachers must embody the five essential elements of ESP, including a language teacher, a content teacher, a researcher, a course planner and material provider, and a course evaluator.
Evaluation of the selenium deficiency impact on metabolic parameters of people of working age
Authors: Muhutdinova Guzel M. , Imamov Almas A. , Gomsina Elena G. , Iskandarov Ildar R.
Published: February 2023

Background. Among the population living in Russia, the frequency of selenium deficiency in the body is more than 80%. An unbalanced diet in terms of the level of selenium supply to the body leads to metabolic disorders among the adult population.
Aim. Study of the relationship between the insufficient level of selenium supply of the body in different periods of the year and changes in body composition, basal metabolism among the adult population aged 2550 years.
Material and methods. In the autumn, winter and spring periods, the adult population aged 2550 years, living in the Leninogorsk district of the Republic of Tatarstan, of the 1st group of physical activity (n=143, of which 47% were men) was examined. The body composition was assessed using the ABC-01 Medass analyzer for bioimpedansometry. The content of selenium in the hair was studied using an atomic emission spectrometer. An assessment of the obesity and overweight prevalence in the adult population with selenium content below the reference values and the boundaries of the 95% confidence interval was made. Laboratory studies of dishes and foodstuffs for selenium content were carried out using an atomic absorption spectrometer. To assess the actual consumption of food products and dishes, the method of 24-hour (daily) reproduction of nutrition by questioning respondents on a 14-day menu was used. Statistical processing of the studied indicators was performed by the Spearman correlation method, mathematical and centile methods.
Results. In bioassays with a low level of selenium in the hair (25 centile interval), the largest proportion of subjects with selenium deficiency was noted in autumn in more than 60% of cases, both among men with a 95% confidence interval Z-score=248, and among women with 95% confidence interval Z-score=240, while in spring only 18% and 42% at 95% confidence interval Z-score=72 and 168, respectively. When studying the relationship of selenium content in hair with morphofunctional indicators, significant correlations were found using the Spearman method with body mass index (RNovember=0.389), active cell mass (RFebruary=0.260; RMay=0.318), and basal metabolism (RMay=0.313; RNovember=0.294). Analysis of diets revealed a lack of selenium content in food products and ready-made meals in the autumn-winter period in both men (4046%, n=67) and women (5461%, n=76), in spring-summer period in 35 and 42% of cases, respectively. The lower the level of selenium in the hair (in the body), the higher the body mass index, the lower the active cell mass and the basal metabolism. There is no correlation with fat and skeletal muscle mass. The basic exchange is reduced at an insufficient of selenium supply in the body.
Conclusion. The results indicate an insufficient intake of selenium in the body with a daily diet and the relationship of body mass index, basal metabolism with an insufficient level of selenium in the body.
Soil fertility status and its possible sustainable agricultural packages in Bangladesh
Authors: Mukta Morsheda Akter , Hossin Md Shahin , Islam Mohammad Kabirul
Published: February 2023

Soil fertility describes the soil's capacity to support the growth of agricultural plants for predictable yields. Consequently, the present study was conducted on twenty one soil series of Bangladesh, including Sonatala, Sherpur, Ghatail, Balina, Melandaha, Tarakanda, Gorargaon, Karail, Raipur, Ruhea, Silmandi, Dhamrai, Jamun, Ishurdi, Ranisankail, Atwari, Gangachora, Pirgachha, Sulla, Birampur, and Gopalpurand to know the fertility status and its possible sustainable agricultural packages. The textural classes of the major soils were silt loam. The soils had the particle densities ranged from 1.79 to 2.50 g cm-3. The soil series from Sherpur and Gangachora had the highest particle density, while those from Karail and Gorargaon had the lowest value. Most soils reacted in a neutral to acidic manner, whereas the Ishurdi and Gopalpur series showed an alkaline response. Except Karail and Gorargaon, the organic matter status was very low to medium. The total N content of the soils ranged from 0.04 to 0.19%. The available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, and available sulphur of soils ranged from 2.82 to 22.18 ppm, 0.09 to 0.26 meq/100g soil, and 2.90 to 20.30 ppm, respectively. The results revealed that the soils in the research area were very low to moderately fertile. Therefore, balance fertilizer must be applied in time in the study area. The fertilizer should be location-specific, cropping pattern-based, and based on soil testing. Beside this, a collection of management techniques have to be acknowledged and promoted to the farmer level as a package for sustainable agriculture that enhances food security.
RECURSOS NATURAIS COMO ALTERNATIVA TERAPÊUTICA EM UMA PERSPECTIVA DE GÊNEROS E URBANIZAÇÃO
Authors: Machado Sara Tavares de Sousa , Lima Cícera Norma Fernandes , Machado Cícera Ruth de Souza , Bandeira Paulo Felipe Ribeiro , De Alencar Cícero Damon Carvalho , Nascimento Joice Barbosa do , Delmondes Gyllyandeson De Araújo , Kerntopf Marta Regina , Barros Luiz Marivando
Published: February 2023

A utilização de recursos naturais com finalidades terapêuticas é uma prática consolidada em todo mundo. Em vista disso, a presente pesquisa teve por objetivo caracterizar o saber / uso de recursos naturais para o tratamento de doenças reportado por moradores de diferentes áreas na cidade de Crato, Ceará (Nordeste do Brasil). Utilizou-se do método de amostragem snow ball para composição da amostra e a partir de então, roteiros semiestruturados foram aplicados para a coleta de informações, a técnica de turnê guiada também foi empregada. Os dados foram analisados de forma qualitativa, através de nuvens de palavras, a estratégia agrupa palavras e as organiza graficamente em função da sua frequência. O enlace dos resultados demonstrou declínio de citações, de espécies medicinais e usos, demonstrando que esse conhecimento tende a ser inversamente proporcional à urbanização. Constatou-se que a amostra feminina é detentora de um vasto conhecimento empírico relacionados a recursos naturais com fins terapêuticos, sendo o uso de plantas notadamente marcante, e que, a figura feminina parece ser pouco afetada pela relação de exclusão entre os pares etnosaberes-urbanização em dimensões espaço-temporais, no entanto, tornam-se necessários novos estudos para averiguar a associação entre essas variáveis, a fim de consolidar as informações obtidas nesse estudo. Em adição, a estratégia metodológica das nuvens de palavras para sintetizar os resultados permitiu uma visualização exploratória e dinâmica das informações da pesquisa, otimizando o cunho qualitativo deste estudo.
HERPETOFAUNA EM UMA COMUNIDADE RURAL DO NORDESTE DO BRASIL: RELATOS SOBRE MITOS NAS DIFERENTES GERAÇÕES
Authors: Santos Vânia Dias , Maciel Thely Alves
Published: February 2023

O conhecimento popular sobre os anfíbios e répteis está parcialmente codificado em mitos sobre as características morfofisiológicas e comportamentais desse grupo. Com o objetivo de registrar o conhecimento popular sobre mitos relacionados à herpetofauna e entender a distribuição destes entre pessoas com diferentes faixas etárias, foram aplicadas, na comunidade de Boa Esperança, no sudoeste da Bahia, 40 listas livres, distribuídas em três grupos etários, entre novembro e dezembro de 2019. A frequência de ocorrência foi utilizada para identificar a importância do mito em cada grupo. Foram listados 15 mitos, distribuídos entre: serpentes (10); anuros (3); e lagartos (2). Os idosos citaram 15 mitos, os adultos 13, e as crianças, 8. Os idosos podem ser considerados como conhecedores locais, pois foram citados pelos adultos como a fonte de informações sobre os mitos. As crianças apresentaram interpretações científicas sobre as características da herpetofauna, fato esse que sugere a influência do conhecimento proveniente do ambiente escolar, além do conhecimento popular que circula pela comunidade.
COMIDAS TÍPICAS KAINGANG E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NA EDUCAÇÃO INDÍGENA
Authors: Jacinto Késia Valderes , Munchen Sinara
Published: February 2023

O presente trabalho traz como tema “KANHGÁG VEJEN KI CIÊNCIAS TU KANHRÃN HÃKI KANHGÁG MY GE KE: COMIDAS TÍPICAS KAINGANG E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NA EDUCAÇÃO INDÍGENA”. O objetivo principal foi aprofundar o estudo das comidas típicas Kaingang partindo dos saberes populares articulando-os aos estudos científicos. A metodologia usada para o presente trabalho é de natureza qualitativa e exploratória. Baseada nas memórias que tenho da minha avó e de outros que convivi na minha comunidade, elaborei uma cartilha que resgata as receitas típicas articulando-as com os conteúdos de Ciências da Natureza. A escola pode reforçar a cultura indígena valorizando cada planta que serve de alimento para os Kanhgág, pois há uma diversidade de conhecimentos que podem ser trabalhados de forma interdisciplinar. A produção de materiais pedagógicos próprios baseados na cultura é muito importante para que se tenha uma Educação Indígena diferenciada e um ensino de Ciências contextualizado.
PLANTAS MEDICINAIS USADAS PARA DOENÇAS DO SISTEMA RESPIRATÓRIO EM MERCADOS PÚBLICOS DO NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Santos Maria Hortencia Borges dos , Farias Juliana Cardozo de , Vieira Irlaine Rodrigues , Barros Roseli Farias Melo de
Published: February 2023

Nos mercados públicos de Parnaíba, Piauí, há a comercialização de variadas mercadorias, nos quais a população tem acesso a diferentes espécies de plantas. Dado este contexto, objetivou-se identificar as espécies usadas no tratamento de doenças do aparelho respiratório. Foram entrevistados 34 permissionários que comercializavam plantas nos mercados públicos de Parnaíba. Um total de 37 espécies foram registradas. A maioria das espécies era nativa (52,7%). A planta mais versátil foi a emburana (Amburana cearenses Allemão- IR 1,00). O índice de Fidelidade Friedman Modificado foi calculado em 100% para sete espécies. A população de Parnaíba utiliza plantas para tratar doenças enquanto as condições sanitárias nos mercados se apresentam insalubres, o que reforça a necessidade de ênfase sobre a implementação de medidas sanitárias de educação via políticas públicas do município.