bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shape and Symbolism of Earrings excavated in Gaya’s ancient-tombs
Authors:   Society for Jeju Studies, Kim Chan-Soo , Choi Byoung-Ki , Seo Yeon-Ok
Published: September 2022

The hanging earrings, recently excavated from the Gaya’s ancient-tombs, were designated as treasures as they were recognized for their value as important historical materials that showed outstanding metalworking skills at the time. These earrings exhibit the characteristics of Thin Solid Earrings, and in the decoration of the bottom of the main ring, a specific fruit shape and heart-shaped decoration were identified in common.
This decoration was defined as a Cape Jasmine-type, and was interpreted as a repetitive sculpture representing the era.
This study discussed the origins of ornamental decorations defined as the Cape Jasmine-type (Sanchija-type) by considering the shape of the ornament, whether or not the Cape Jasmine (Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis; Korean name Sanchija) was native to southern Korea, historical records, and the degree and importance of use in daily life.
The authors reported that the Gaya earrings excavated from Gaya’s ancient-tombs recently have an obovate shape, a sharp trigonous shape with a triangular cross section, a spur shape at the tip of a triangular shape, a heart-shaped ornament, nationally cultivated domestication, an important food source, and firewood. In the characteristics of various historical and cultural records including Jacheongbijeon, and the symbolism of vitality and fertility, it was decide as Buckwheat-type rather than Cape Jesmine-type.
This is a historical document that shows the importance of buckwheat, which was highly useful and closely related to the survival of the time, as well as the decorative function of earrings. Furthermore, it was inferred that the group that stably managed and maintained it played a role as the ruling class of the state.
This type of the earring in Gaya influenced the decorative culture of neighboring countries such as Baekje, Silla, and Japan, and a common form is appearing. Therefore, it is expected that the correct regulation of the Gaya excavations, which has become the center of this type, can provide important meaning to the historical and cultural interpretation of the countries and regions of the relevant sphere of influence.
In the future, for a clear interpretation of the shape and symbolism of the golden earrings excavated from the Gaya’s ancient tombs, the development process of royal power including the governance of Gaya, the history of agricultural development, comparison with related relics of Silla and Baekje, and comparative review of linguistic data Research is needed.
Analysis on the Transitional Process of Schools’ Number and Its Influential Factors in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province
Authors:   Society for Jeju Studies, Kim Kyoung-Ok , Lee In-Hoi
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to identify the transitional process of schools’ number and to analyze the essential factors affecting the school transition based upon the change in the number of schools in Jeju. To accomplish it, the study used literature research and interview surveys. In-depth interviews were conducted from Oct. 17th through Nov. 28th, 2020, with the former four principals who had experienced managers, directors, or supervisors of the educational office. Major results of the study are as follows: First, the transitional process of schools in Jeju was revealed in four stages of fomentation, foundation, quantitative expansion, and qualitative transition. Second, the essential factors that influenced the transition of schools in Jeju were non-policy factors rather than policy factors on all stages except for the foundation one. The results would be used as the basic resources for future policy making in the educational office.
Research on the Hwasun Gotjawal Mushroom Species Diversity
Authors:   Society for Jeju Studies, Lee Seung-Hak , Oh Dae-Ju , Yoon Weon-Jong , Jung Yong-Hwan
Published: September 2022

This study was conducted to provide the academic foundation for the mushroom species diversity studies on Hwasun Gotjawal, which has not been investigated compared to other Gotjawal in Jeju Island. It was performed for 8 months from April to November 2020, and a total of 16 investigations were performed twice a month. Mushrooms collected through the investigations were identified through the macroscopic characteristics and nucleotide sequencse analysis of the nuclear ribosome ITS region. As a result of the investigation, a total of 17 families, 25 genera, and 33 species of mushrooms were investigated. When examining the pattern of occurrence by family, the Polyporaceae accounted for the largest proportion with 7 species, followed by Hymenogastraceae with 3 species. In this investigation, no climate-sensitive biological indicator species were observed, and 10 biological resources that need to approve for overseas export were observed. In addition, Flammulina filiformis, which has not been officially reported in South Korea, was also observed. In this study, we described the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic tree analysis results and suggest the korean name of the mushrooms.
Detecting network attacks Model based on a long short-term memory LSTM
Authors: Jasi Teba Ali , Jawhar Muna M. Taher
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, network-connected devices such as mobile phones and IoT devices are increasing, the types and numbers of these devices are increasing, the impact of successful attacks is increasing and the fear is growing due to the security effects when using them. In addition, a broader attack surface is available to identify and respond to these network attacks, different systems are used to prevent and stop Some of these systems consist of two layers, the first layer which provides Security and Intrusion Prevention is the firewall, while the second layer is the network intrusion detection system or attack detection system, if only the first layer represented by the firewall is used we cannot prevent attack, that's why attack detection or malware detection systems are used along with a firewall.
Current Perspectives on Biosimilars and Impact of Biosimilars in Supportive Care in Breast Cancer
Authors: Mohanty R. , Ray Jassaswi
Published: September 2022

Biopharmaceuticals are medicines whose active drug substance is made by living cells. Copies of these drugs, called Biosimilars are not identical to their reference drug and therefore specific regulatory requirements for registration apply. Whereas pharmaceutical quality evaluation requires a full dossier and a detailed comparative analysis to the reference drug, non-clinical and clinical requirements are much less extensive compared to the requirements for an innovator. Limited clinical experience and their complex nature exclude biosimilars from being considered interchangeable with the reference drug. The utilization of trastuzumab biosimilar medications is of particular interest in HER2-positive breast cancer as these drugs have the potential for cost savings and increased utilization/access to HER2 targeted therapy in both early stage and metastatic HER2-positive breast cancers. Five trastuzumab biosimilars: MYL-1401O (Ogivri), CT-P6 (Herzuma), SB3 (Ontruzant), PF-05280014 (Trazimera), and ABP980 (Kanjinti), have now been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in HER2-positive breast cancers. This review provides an overview of these agents with special consideration of the development and approval process, including available clinical data results for these trastuzumab biosimilars.
A Review on Barriers of Medication Adherence in the Chronic Diseases
Authors: Kumaraswamy M , M Dr Samraksha , M N Dr Meghana , P B Dr Shreeharsha
Published: September 2022

Chronic illnesses are one of the world's most serious health problems, and the number of individuals affected is continually rising. Many of the most common chronic conditions, such as hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, and asthma, have a strong treatment component that includes medication adherence, physical exercise, and disease-specific behaviours. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), non-adherence is caused by five variables: socioeconomic factors, health-care system factors, therapy-related factors, condition-related factors, and patient-related factors. The results of treatment differed by 26% across patients with high and low adherence. Patients' morbidity, death, and preventable health-care expenses rise as a result of nonadherence. Lack of adherence was predicted to be responsible for almost 125,000 fatalities and 10% of hospitalizations in the United States in 2017. Low drug adherence is a major issue all around the world. In Hradec Kralove, the adherence rate to long-term drug therapy is reported to be between 40% and 50%. (Czech Republic). In the United States, more than 80% of persons aged 65 and up did not follow their prescription drug regimens, and more than half of patients using antihypertensive drugs ceased treatment within a year. Patients in India are only half as likely to take their medication as they should be, owing to a lack of effective education and patient counselling. Patients' timely medicine-taking behaviour has a greater impact on people's health than the need for new treatment options.
A Case Report on Transvaginal Septum Manifested by Haematocolpus
Authors: Abbagoni Dr. Rishitha Sanjana , Sujala Dr. Aakaram
Published: September 2022

Transvaginal septum is a rare congenital vaginal anomaly in which a thick fibrous tissue runs transversely in vagina, dividing Vagina into upper and lower cavities. Haematocolpus is a gynaecological condition and is usually referred to as vaginal accumulation or obstruction of menstrual blood, and is usually caused when there is no way for the menstrual blood to flow out such as in case of transverse vaginal septum. The prevalence of Transverse vaginal septum condition is at 1 per 70,000 females. Most of the time transverse vaginal septum goes unnoticed or undiagnosed until a female reaches her menarche when she presents to the clinic with the symptoms of cyclic abdominal pain, amenorrhea, menorrhagia, difficulty during mating and sometimes with the problems of difficulty micturition. The diagnosis can be done by careful history taking, gynaecological examination. Sometimes additional imaging tests such as ultrasound and MRI can be performed to obtain in detail information of the condition. Treatment for transverse vaginal septum associated with or without haematocolpus usually depends upon surgical excision of the septum. A 14-year-old girl presented to the clinic with the chief complaints of cyclical abdominal pain with amenorrhoea and difficulty to pass urine. Upon careful physical examination the girl was diagnosed with transverse vaginal septum associated with haematocolpus. Treatment done was incision and drainage of haematocolpus with marsupialisation under general anaesthesia. Patient was discharged upon finding no development of any events post-surgery and was followed for six months and was found to have normal menstrual cycle with no other complications. Transverse vaginal septum is a rare congenital genetic anomaly and sometimes haematocolpus is the manifestation where surgery is the immediate procedure to be done to prevent any further complications and to preserve the normal menstrual and reproductive functions.
A Comprehensive Review of Anti-Diabetic Drugs in COVID-19 Patients Co-morbidities with Diabetes
Authors: Baburaj Naveena , Subramani Kowsalya Devi , Seenivasan Swarna Priya , Paneerselvam Arjunkumar
Published: September 2022

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder emerging as a global burden. Diabetes serves as a risk factor for many complications inclusive of COVID-19. The SARS – 2 pathogens have led to Coronavirus disease. Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses with a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome recognized to cause respiratory infections in human beings. Diabetes patients being affected by coronavirus become more critical due to worsening hyperglycemia induces aggravation, endothelial dysfunction, and occlusion of blood vessels through the era of oxidative stress riding the down-regulation of glucose metabolism and hyperglycemia. Increased glucose level causes inflammation and tissue damage serves as a supportive factor for higher tissue damage in COVID patients. Sufferers with extreme COVID-19 have an exceptionally impaired interferon type 1 response with low IFN alpha activity in the blood, indicating excessive blood viral load, and an impaired inflammatory response. This can be alleviated by regular screening and appropriate therapy as like as metformin, camostat mesylate, chloroquine, and adjunctive therapy. Metformin is the desired preliminary drug to deal with T2DM. Camostat mesylate drug accelerated glycemia and insulin resistance and reduced fat buildup in mammalian models. Adjunctive treatment can be used to obviate the evolution of COVID-19.
RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Estimation of Isoniazid and Rifapentine in Synthetic Mixture
Authors: VinodChandra Patel Ankita , Patel Dr. Alisha
Published: September 2022

Isoniazid and Rifapentine are used in combination (ratio 1:1) as tablet dosage form for the treatment of Macrobacterium tuberculosis. Objective of present work was to develop simple, precise, accurate and rapid chromatographic method for simultaneous estimation of both drugs using RP-HPLC. Developed method was validated as per ICH Q2(R1) guideline for quantitative determination of Isoniazid and Rifapentine in Synthetic mixture. RP-HPLC was developed using the mobile phase [Acetonitrile: Phosphate buffer pH 4 (85:15) pH-6 adjusted with 1% TEA], Flow rate 1 ml/min and detected at 262 nm. The separation was carried out on shim-pack solar C18 (250mm × 4.6 mm, 5µm). The linearity for ISO and RFP were between 5-25µg/ml with co-relation co-efficient 0.9979 and 0.9975 respectively. Limit of detection for ISO and RFP were found to be 0.20110 and 0.18813 μg/ml and limit of quantification for ISO and RFP were found to be 0.60941 μg/ml and 0.57012 μg/ml respectively. Recovery of both drugs were found in range of 98-102%. Further % R.S.D. was found to be less than 2% for Repeatability, Intraday and Interday Precision study. The % assay was found to be 99.60 % and 99.50 % for ISO and RFP respectively. The developed RP-HPLC method was found to be accurate, precise and robust and can be applicable to marketed formulation.
RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for the Simultaneous Estimation of Darunavir and Cobicistat in Bulk and in Formulation
Authors: Raju Suri Ananda , Krishna Lokireddy Mohan
Published: September 2022

A simple, Accurate, precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the Darunavir and Cobicistat in Tablet dosage form. Chromatogram was run through Std BDS 250 x 4.6 mm, 5m. Mobile phase containing 40% KH2PO4 (0.01N): 60% Acetonitrile was pumped through column at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min. Temperature was maintained at 30°C. Optimized wavelength selected was 265 nm. Retention time of Darunavir and Cobicistat were found to be 2.091min and 2.516. %RSD of the Darunavir and Cobicistat was found to be within limits. %Recovery was obtained as 99.69% and 99.32% for Darunavir and Cobicistat respectively. LOD, LOQ values obtained from regression equations of Darunavir and Cobicistat were 0.24, 0.73 and 0.23, 0.69 respectively. Regression equation of Darunavir is y = 4484x+23981, and y = 12802x + 2205 of Cobicistat. So, the method developed was simple and economical that can be adopted in regular Quality control test in Industries.
Phytosomes- As a Novel Approach of Herbal Drug Delivery System
Authors: Vishwakarma D.K. , Gahlaut Priti , Mishra Jai Narayan
Published: September 2022

Embelin was one of active constituents of Embelia ribes Burm. f. Embelin has been reported to possess many pharmacological effects. The studies were performed to enhance the bioavailability of poorly water soluble embelin, reduce the dose of Embelin, prevent the degradation of Embelin in the GIT. For this, phytosome, a novel drug delivery system, was adopted. Total six Embelin loaded phytosome complex formulations coded as EMBP1, EMBP2, EMBP3, EMBP4, EMBP5 and EMBP6 using soya lecithin and Chitosan in variable ratio were prepared by anti-solvent precipitation method and Rotary evaporation technique. The phytosome was characterized by parameters like percentage yield, particle size determination, entrapment efficiency, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in vitro release studies and establish drug release kinetic studies. Among six formulations, the Formulation EMBP5 well optimized. EMBP5 exhibits lowest 345.45 ±1.231 diameter. The entrapment efficiency of Embelin loaded phytosome complex varies from 64.99 ± 1.546 to 81.78 ± 1.151%. Embelin loaded phytosome complex formulation (EMBP5) exhibits highest of 81.78 ± 1.151% entrapment efficiency. SEM photomicrographs of optimized formulation (EMBP5) of Embelin loaded phytosome complex showed that the phytosomes are less spherical with smooth and rough surface and slightly aggregated. In vitro dissolution study of phytosome showed extended release pattern. From the data, the release of embelin from Embelin loaded phytosome complex was by fickian diffusion mechanism and followed first order kinetics (concentration dependent).
Effect of Metal on Soil Mycobiota
Authors: Singh Priyanka
Published: September 2022

Present investigations were conducted to evaluate the influence of Chromium contamination on soil microbiota and to obtain some Cr-resistant strains for the management of Cr-contaminated soils and of the effluents carrying the metal. Each pot was treated with different concentrations (50 ppm, 100 ppm, 250 ppm, and 500 ppm) of chromium sulphate solution separately in triplicates. Three pots served as a control with each concentration. The soil samples collected aseptically from control and treated pots after 30,60 and 90 days were analyzed for mycobiota using the serial dilution method. Overall dominance of Aspergillus sp. Was observed amongst the 43 species of fungi isolated. A. fumigatus was most tolerant to Cr probably due to binding of Cr by certain groups on the fungus as revealed by FT-IR spectroscopy. Chromium sulphate adversely affected the mycobiota qualitatively as well as quantitatively. Soil fungal diversity is also adversely affected by Cr contamination. A. fumigatus biomass with Cr binding functional groups might be utilized for in-situ management of Cr in soils and biosorption-based effluent treatment systems.
Nail Disorders: An Updated Review
Authors: Dhingra Garima , Ahmad Nazim , Tanwar Sonia , Goyal Saloni , Chaturvedi Varunesh
Published: September 2022

Healthy nails look smooth and have a uniform color. As people grow older, they may have vertical bumps, or their nails may become a little brittle, but this is harmless. Injury-related stains should expand with the fingernail. Abnormalities such as stains, discoloration, and nail peeling can be occurred by finger and hand injuries, viral warts, nail fungal disease, and several medications such as chemotherapeutic agents. Some other medical conditions can also change the physical appearance of fingernails. However, these differences can be hard to explain. The appearance of the nails alone is not enough to diagnose a particular illness. Doctors use this information in conjunction with other symptoms and physical examinations to make a diagnosis. Some changes to the nails can be due to a medical condition that requires attention. There can be several symptoms like changes in color, thickness, and shape of nails, brittle nails, hollow nails, bleeding around the nails, swelling and redness around the nail, pain around the nails, exfoliation of the fingernail from the skin. These changes in nails can be occurred due to several conditions. This review concentrates on each and every physical change observed in nails, physiological changes in body due to which these disorders occur and prevention to some common disorders.
Recent Developments in Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System
Authors: Pandey Ankith Kumar , R Panner Selvam , Ahasanuzzaman Mr. , Chandy Vineeth
Published: September 2022

Lipophilic drugs comprise of majority of the active pharmaceutical ingredients which shows the lower oral bioavailability. Many methods have been used to enhance the bioavailability, especially the lipid-based formulations have gained a lot of attention of the researchers, one among the lipid-based formulation approach is the self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS). SEDDS basically is an isotropic mixture of oils, surfactants and co-surfactants or co-solvents, which after reaching the gastro intestinal tract (GIT) emulsifies itself to emulsion upon mild agitation in the stomach. Solid self-emulsifying drug delivery system (S-SEDDS) is one of advancements in the self-emulsifying systems, which uses the adsorbents where the liquid self-emulsifying system adsorbs and converts itself in to solid, which overcomes the disadvantages of the liquid SEDDS. Various S-SEDDS have been developed in recent years and few of them are, tablets, pellets, microbeads, suppositories, nanoparticles, patches, microspheres etc, without any compromise in the drug release kinetics. These formulations are the cost-effective means of enhancing the bioavailability of the lipophilic drugs.
Oro-dispersible Film: An Effective Approach for the Quick Drug Release
Authors: Lynthong Baby , Shree T Bhavya , K Krishnananda Kamath , A.R Shabaraya
Published: September 2022

Hydrophilic polymers are used to create oro-dispersible film (ODF), a form of drug delivery device that can be produced in a variety of sizes and shapes and is simple to transport and store. The drug may be absorbed from the pharynx and oesophagus or from other GIT secretions as the saliva travels down. It is made up of a very thin, elegant oral strip about the size of a postage stamp that, when placed in the oral cavity, dissolves or disperses in the saliva in a matter of seconds without the need for water. This kind of technology provides an easy approach to administer medication to the general community as well as to special demographic groups like children, the elderly, patients who are bedridden, and people who are mentally ill. The current review gives an account of numerous formulation factors, the preparation process, and ODF quality control. Polymers, plasticizers, saliva-stimulating agents, colours, flavours, and sweeteners are used in the formulation of oral films. Different methods are reported in literature as solvent casting method, hot melt extrusion method, rolling method and solid dispersion method for the preparation of film. The objective is to provide rapid onset of action and to mask bitter taste of drugs. Overall, it leads to patient compliance with improved therapeutic success.
A tudáshálózati periféria közeledése a maghoz – a visegrádi régiók tudáshálózati beágyazottsága 2004 és 2014 között
Authors: Bilicz Dávid
Published: September 2022

Az európai uniós regionális tudáshálózatokra vonatkozó kutatások ritkán térnek ki a hálózat centrum-periféria szerinti felosztására. Ez a tanulmány a kutatás-fejlesztési együttműködési keretprogramok hálózatként való elemzése során különböző centrum- periféria mutatók alapján mérte meg, hogyan alakult a 2004 és 2014 közötti évtizedben a jellemzően periférián elhelyezkedő visegrádi országok hálózati pozíciója. Az elemzés tudományosan újszerű vonása a regionális hálózat centrum-perifériára való felosztása mellett annak NUTS3 szinten való elemzése. A tanulmány egyik fő következtetése, hogy a visegrádi országok régióinak felzárkózása a maghoz kismértékű volt. A felzárkózást mutató régiók jellemzően erősen periferiális kiinduló állapotról a félperiféria irányába mozdultak el, míg a jól beágyazott fő- és nagyvárosi régiók jellemzően valamelyest kiszorultak az európai tudáshálózat közvetlen magjából.
Review on Drug Resistant Tuberculosis
Authors: Chenimilla Nagender Prasad , Pittala Pravinya , Madire Ramulu
Published: September 2022

Introduction: An estimated 9.9 million people fell ill with tuberculosis globally in 2020 with India and China contributing a major percentage to the burden of TB. India is grouped under high TB, high HIV associated TB and MDR TB burden countries and 1.24 lakh fell ill with drug resistant TB out of which 56000 were started on second line treatment in 2020. Annually India accounts for 27% of missing TB cases. Diagnosis: The major forms of drug resistant TB that are of clinical importance are INH monoresistant TB, multidrug resistant TB, pre- XDR TB and XDR TB.WHO approved newer molecular tests for MTB detection and drug susceptibility tests. Treatment: Few newer drugs and few previously used drugs are showing promise when used in combination which have come up in recent years. Bedaquiline based regimens are showing improved cure rates. Conclusion: Guidelines based regimens should be strictly adhered to by both public and private TB case treating physicians.
Intracranial Magnetic Resonance Venography of Superior Sagittal Sinus, Straight Sinus and Cerebral Venous Channels: Normal Anatomy and Variations in North Indian Population
Authors: Agarwal Nitin , Pakhiddey Rohini , Dhissa Neel Chand
Published: September 2022

The intracranial dural venous sinuses can be injured leading to thrombosis with in the dural sinuses causing headache, abnormal vision, weakness of the face and limbs on one side of the body, and seizures.Magnetic Resonance Venography (MRV) is one of the preferred methods of evaluation of the cerebral venous sinus anatomy, variations and pathology, particularly in the diagnosis of venous sinus thrombosis.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of MRV to depict the normal intracranial venous anatomy and its variants in North Indian population which can help to avoid potential pitfalls in the diagnosis of dural venous sinus thrombosis, venous infarcts and venous hemorrhage.

Aim:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of MRV to depict the normal intracranial venous anatomy and its variants in North Indian population, which can help to avoid potential pitfalls in the diagnosis of dural venous sinus thrombosis, venous infarcts and venous hemorrhage.

Materials:The present study was undertaken in the Departments of Anatomy and Radiodiagnosis at a North Indian tertiary care teaching hospital over a period of two years. Magnetic Resonance Venograms (MRV) of patients attending the radiology department were used to study the normal anatomy and variations in the dural venous sinuses. 50 MRV scans of which 26 were of females and 24 of male, were included in the study. Anatomical variations and variations in drainage of the dural venous sinuses were assessed and statistical analysis was done.

Results:For both superior sagittal sinus drainage and straight sinus drainage, the proportion of veins draining in right and left transverse sinuses and confluence of sinuses was significantly different in the two age groups (p<0.001) in both males and females. Partial splitting of superior sagittal sinus in anterior one third or posterior one third was also seen. Statistically significant findings were observed regarding the laterality for vein of Labbe & vein of Trolard.

Conclusion:MR venography is an excellent diagnostic technique to visualise anatomy and anatomic variations of venous sinuses as observed in our study. The partial splitting of superior sagittal sinus in either anterior one third or posterior one third as seen in our study, can cause misdiagnosis of thrombosis. Hence, knowledge of normal anatomy and anatomic variations in the intracranial venous sinuses is very important to diagnose cerebral venous sinus thrombosis accurately.
Perceived Determinants of Students’ Examination Corruption in Distance Education
Authors: Senyametor Felix , Dorsah Emmanuel , Amponsah Mark Owusu , Ampah-Mensah Alfred Kwaku
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This study examined determinants of students’ examination corruption at the College of Distance Education (CoDE), University of Cape Coast (UCC), Ghana.

Methodology: The participants of the study included students, Regional Coordinators (RCs), and staff of the Examination Unit at CoDE. A sample of 252 students was selected from an accessible population of 3,095 using a proportionate stratified sampling technique. The questionnaire and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Data were analysed with frequency and percentage counts, standard deviations, and presented in tables supported with transcribed views expressed by the RCs and the Head of Exams Unit (HEU).

Findings: The study's findings revealed that examination malpractice was perceived to be a common illegal behaviour among students. The study also found that deviant students engage in examination malpractices at CoDE due to inadequate preparation for examinations.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: It was recommended that the management of the college should sensitise all stakeholders, particularly candidates on the sanctions stipulated in their Students’ Handbook for culprits of examination corruption related activities. Also, the college should make study materials available to students on time to fully prepare for all exams.
Motivating and Maintaining Ethics, Equity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, and Expertise in Peer Review
Authors:   Brain Health Alliance, Craig Adam , Lee Christina , Bala Nithyaa , Taswell Carl
Published: September 2022

Scientists who engage in science and the scientific endeavor should seek truth with conviction of morals and commitment to ethics. While the number of publications continues to increase, the number of retractions has increased at a faster rate. Journals publish fraudulent research papers despite claims of peer review and adherence to publishing ethics. Nevertheless, appropriate ethical peer review will remain a gatekeeper when selecting research manuscripts in scholarly publishing and approving research applications for grant funding. However, this peer review must become more open, fair, transparent, equitable, and just with new recommendations and guidelines for reproducible and accountable reviews that support and promote fair citation and citational justice. We should engineer this new peer-review process with modern informatics technology and information science to provide and defend better safeguards for truth and integrity, to clarify and maintain the provenance of information and ideas, and to rebuild and restore trust in scholarly research institutions. Indeed, this new approach will be necessary in the current post-truth era to counter the ease and speed with which mis-information, dis-information, anti-information, caco-information, and mal-information spread through the internet, web, news, and social media. The most important question for application of new peer-review methods to these information wars should be ‘Who does what when?’ in support of reproducible and accountable reviews. Who refers to the authors, reviewers, editors, and publishers as participants in the review process. What refers to disclosure of the participants' identities, the material content of author manuscripts and reviewer commentaries, and other communications between authors and reviewers. When refers to tracking the sequential points in time for which disclosure of whose identity, which content, and which communication at which step of the peer-review process for which audience of readers and reviewers. We believe that quality peer review, and peer review of peer review, must be motivated and maintained by elevating their status and prestige to an art and a science. Both peer review itself and peer review analyses of peer reviews should be incentivised by publishing peer reviews as citable references separately from the research report reviewed while crossreferenced and crosslinked to the report reviewed.
O ensino do desenho nas escolas de Minas Gerais nas primeiras décadas do novecentos
Authors: Zuin Elenice de Souza Lodron
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo descreve uma investigação que teve como objetivo verificar a presença do ensino do Desenho nos currículos das escolas normais, primárias e complementares de Minas Gerais, entre os anos de 1906 a 1927. Como fontes primárias, foram arrolados documentos referentes à legislação escolar e manuais didáticos de Desenho editados no final do século XIX e início do século XX. A pesquisa se fundamenta nos referenciais da História Cultural. No tocante ao Curso Normal, buscou-se determinar os saberes a ensinar e os saberes para ensinar relativos à rubrica Desenho. Foi possível a formulação de algumas inferências através do exame da legislação e da confrontação entre a documentação oficial e os impressos didáticos. A análise da legislação indica que houve uma determinação para o ensino do Desenho, como forma de expressão e como método de resolução de problemas de geometria, com uma clara indicação de encerrar, neste último caso, um objetivo propedêutico quanto à formação profissional. Constatam-se propostas que visavam favorecer a inclusão de novas práticas no interior do ambiente escolar. O senso estético, presente nos ideais escolanovistas, ficou evidenciado nos programas e instruções para o ensino de Geometria e Desenho.
Optimizing Occupations, Habits, and Routines for Health and Well-Being With Lifestyle Redesign®: A Synthesis and Scoping Review
Authors: Pyatak Elizabeth A. , Carandang Kristine , Rice Collins Chantelle , Carlson Mike
Published: September 2022

Importance: Lifestyle Redesign® originated as a preventive occupational therapy intervention for healthy older adults, and it was found to be both effective and cost effective in the Well Elderly Studies initiated in the 1990s. Building on that empirical foundation, the scope of Lifestyle Redesign has been greatly expanded as a general intervention framework addressing prevention and chronic condition management in a wide range of populations, settings, and conditions. Yet until now, its full scope, defining characteristics, and supporting evidence have not been clearly and succinctly described, limiting its potential reach and impact.

Objective: To outline the definition and key characteristics of Lifestyle Redesign, provide a scoping review of its evidence base and future directions for research, describe its current applications, and make recommendations for its use in clinical practice.

Evidence Review: We searched PubMed and CINAHL, tables of contents of 10 occupational therapy journals, and citations in two seminal Lifestyle Redesign publications to identify articles published in 1997–2020 that described quantitative outcomes (for n ≥ 20) of interventions meeting the defining characteristics of Lifestyle Redesign.

Findings: Our scoping review yielded 12 publications providing supportive evidence for Lifestyle Redesign’s positive impact on a range of health and well-being outcomes among both well populations and those with chronic conditions.

Conclusions and Relevance: Lifestyle Redesign has the potential to meet a growing need in clinical and community settings for health care services that address prevention, health promotion, and chronic disease management.

What This Article Adds: Current evidence supports the use of Lifestyle Redesign to improve health and well-being for a range of client populations. This review outlines its defining characteristics and current applications to improve its implementation in clinical practice and expand related research efforts.
Contribuições aos estudos sobre a aplicação do Resíduo de Construção e Demolição (RCD) na composição de camadas de pavimentos no Brasil
Authors: Vieira Davi de Melo , Lima Mayara da Silva , Bastos Juceline Batista dos Santos , Farias Teresa Raquel Lima
Published: September 2022

O Brasil ainda detém uma política conservadora de gestão dos seus resíduos sólidos de construção e demolição, quando comparado a países com maior índice de desenvolvimento, fato evidenciado pelo baixo número de obras que utilizam material reaproveitado. O Resíduo de Construção e Demolição (RCD) possui possibilidade de reutilização, além de ser importante matéria-prima para produção de agregados reciclados, reduzindo, dessa forma, a exploração de jazidas de materiais naturai convencionalmente utilizados pela construção civil. Este artigo objetiva contribuir com estudos relacionados ao reaproveitamento de agregados reciclados de RCD com fins de aplicação na composição de camadas de pavimentos rodoviários. Compendia avanços e identifica direções para pesquisas em andamento, ao destacar estudos científicos que abrangeram problemáticas sobre o tema, análises laboratoriais e seus respectivos resultados, evidenciando o comportamento do material quando submetido a diversos parâmetros de caracterização. São destacadas algumas inadequações do material, a fim de que sejam minimizados os efeitos negativos do RCD mediante sua utilização.Por fim, relata-se o estado da prática quanto à utilização do agregado reciclado de RCD na composição das camadas de pavimento, apresentando um estudo de caso de aplicação na cidade de Fortaleza. Diante do exposto, o RCD tem se apresentado como uma alternativa favorável quando levado em consideração seu potencial na produção de agregados, seu desempenho quando utilizado da maneira correta na composição de pavimentos rodoviários e sua importância na cadeia do reaproveitamento, a fim de reduzir impactos ambientais.
ZQBA: A Zero-Query, Boosted Ambush Adversarial Attack on Image Retrieval
Authors: Sawant Aarnav , Giallanza Tyler
Published: September 2022

Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) Systems have been employed in a wide variety of critical applications such as intellectual property management [47], facial recognition [46], and inappropriate content detection [48]. Most CBIRs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where small, imperceptible perturbations to input images cause system failure. In this paper, we propose a zero-query, black-box adversarial attack method that simulates an attack setting where the attacker has no knowledge about the CBIR model architecture and is unable to make multiple queries. The proposed method uses an ensemblebased approach, generating one perturbation for an input image that severely hinders the ability of six different CBIR models. Our approach is successfully able to disrupt the relevance of our target image retrieval models with a 65% decrease in Mean Average Precision (mAP) as compared to state-of-the-art UAP [18]. We hope our method serves as a baseline for the evaluation of robustness for future image retrieval research.
A Comparative Study on Three Selective Cloud Providers
Authors: Tasnim Rehnuma , Akter Mim Afrin , Hasan Mim Salman , Jabiullah Md. Ismail
Published: September 2022

Cloud Computing means a place where we can store our valuable information of data and access the computing and networking services following the pay-as-you-go method without a physical environment. In the present day, cloud computing offers us powerful computing and storage, high availability and security, instant accessibility and adaptation, guaranteed scalability and interoperability, and cost and time effectiveness. Cloud computing has three platforms (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) with exclusive features which assure to make easy their work for a client, Organization or Trade to build up any kind of IT business. In this paper, we managed a comparison of cloud service features and after the comparison, It's simple to select a certain cloud service from the available features by comparison with three selective cloud providers like Amazon, Microsoft Azure and Digital Ocean. Using the result of this survey to not only find the similarities and differences between various elements of cloud computing but also to propose some topics to look into for further research.
EFFECTS OF SCULPTRA® (INJECTABLE POLY-L-LACTIC ACID) FOR FACIAL REJUVENATION:
Authors: Diógenes Guimarães de Lima Menezes Eduarda , Costa Ana Carolina de Figueiredo , De Sousa Neto José Bonifácio , Maques Joyce Alves , Santos Marcelo Januzzi
Published: September 2022

Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a synthetic, biocompatible and biodegradable polymer of the alpha-hydroxy acid family. This substance has provided satisfactory and safe results in several medical applications in the last three decades. The brand name Sculptra® has been widely investigated in the area of facial cosmetics. The aim of this study was to performed a systematic review of the effects of Sculptra® for facial rejuvenation. This review was registered on the prospero platform under protocol CRD42021277434. A careful search was conducted in the Pubmed, Scopus, BVS, Scielo, Web of Science, LILACS and Cochrane Library databases up to February 2021. Gray literature was consulted at Open Grey. In addition, a manual search was performed. Clinical studies were selected, without restriction of publication date or language. Data synthesis and risk of bias assessment of the included studies was performed by two independent authors. Eight clinical studies were selected for data synthesis (three randomized clinical trials, two prospective cohorts and three retrospective cohorts). Data synthesis demonstrated that Sculptra® is considered an effective, safe and long-acting agent for collagen volumization and biostimulation. The assessment of the risk of bias of the RCTs revealed a low risk of bias in all domains, with the exception of the domain of concealment of allocation of participants. Within the limitations of the systematic review, the use of Sculptra® for facial rejuvenation is effective, safe and long-lasting.
ADVANTAGES OF HYSTERECTOMY BY VAGINAL ROUTE COMPARED TO OTHER METHODS
Authors: Cabral Barbosa Alice , De Oliveira Arantes Arthur , De Almeida Sousa Jéssica , Carolina Rios Fonseca Maria , Mitsue de Castro Matsuoka Sarah
Published: September 2022

The aim of this research is to present the surgical technique of vaginal hysterectomy (VH) and discuss its advantages over other techniques. The work method was an integrative literature review, associating “hysterectomy” and “vaginal route/way”. There were included 7 original articles, available in full, in the Portuguese, English and Spanish languages, published between 2000 and 2018, in the PubMed, SciELO and Lilacs databases. The study showed the anatomical characteristics of the uterus and the most used surgical technique in HV. The advantages of vaginal route in relation to other techniques have been described, among which the following should be highlighted: minimal invasion, lower incidence of complications and absence of visible scars. In contrast, also were reported the disadvantages and limitations. In summary, HV is a great option for uterine removal, and should be part of the therapeutic arsenal of gynecological surgeons, since its advantages outweigh the disadvantages described in the literature.
Validity of external observation examination by teachers during vision screening for preschool children
Authors: Omar Rokiah , Knight Victor Feizal , Zahidi Asma Ahida Ahmad , Saat Nur Zakiah Mohd , Li Tan Xuan
Published: September 2022

Background: A vision-screening program is effective in prevention of vision impairment. The validity of vision screening conducted by nurses, medical assistants, and teachers has been previously reported. However, the validity of preschool teachers in conducting external eye observations in preschool children has not been widely investigated. This study aimed to determine validity of preschool teachers in conducting external eye observation tests, including the observation of behavior and external eye health, in preschool children.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, preschool teachers from Kemajuan Masyarakat kindergarten in Klang Valley, Malaysia, were randomly allocated to the study (n = 30) or control (n = 30) groups. The study group underwent theory training with an optometrist and practical sessions with preschool children on vision screening, while the control group received only brief verbal instructions on steps to conduct the screening. After the briefing, teachers from both groups conducted vision screening tests at their kindergartens on preschool children aged 4–6 years. The same vision screening procedure was repeated in the same children by optometrists to verify results of the teachers. Results: A total of 700 preschool children were screened by 60 preschool teachers and optometrists. Teachers from the study and control groups displayed high validity in screening for external ocular health, including sensitivity (66.67% versus 66.67%), specificity (95.21% versus 95.54%), and negative predictive value (99.41% versus 99.69%). The positive predictive value was slightly higher in the study group (19.05%) than in the control group (11.76%). Conclusions: Preschool teachers competently observed external eye health in preschool children. A training module for vision screening is important, and a revision of the current training module is needed. Empowering preschool teachers could help in the early detection and intervention necessary in needy children. This could reduce the nationwide prevalence of visual impairments.
Urban inequality: a hypothetic risk factor for myopia
Authors: Nouraeinejad Ali
Published: September 2022

Background: Myopia is a common refractive error with an expected increase in prevalence. Inequalities in access to ocular health care for sight-threatening or life-threatening ocular diseases have been described. Urbanization is a risk factor for both the incidence and progression of myopia; however, socioeconomic inequalities in urban settings are a new concept in myopia incidence.Hypothesis: Considering the proven impact of inequalities existing in general and ocular health, urban inequality could be a new risk factor for both the incidence and progression of myopia. Inequalities in urban infrastructure vary between countries; however, there are currently various manifestations of urban inequality, and scholars are concerned about intra-urban inequality as a public health risk. Considering the significant influence of urban inequality on health of children, and because myopia develops and progresses faster during childhood, the effect of urban inequality on myopia must be examined. Although urban inequality could be a putative risk factor for myopia, a causal relationship should be investigated. However, myopia is multifactorial in etiology, originating from the interaction of environmental and genetic factors. Thus, causality between urban inequality and myopia should be investigated through a randomized, controlled trial with strict matching of genetic backgrounds and environmental factors. Conclusions: Several risk factors for myopia have been proposed, and studies have confirmed causal relationships with most of these factors. Considering the proven impact of urban inequality on both general and ocular health, experimental studies are necessary to confirm the possible causal relationship between urban inequality and myopia. Certainly, there will be substantial challenges in the implementation phase.