bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Microstructure Turbulence Measurements With a Moored Instrument in the South China Sea
Authors: Luan Xin , Liu Xiuyan , Yang Hua , Wang Shuxin , Hou Guojia , Song Dalei
Published: April 2016

AbstractA newly designed autonomous instrument was evaluated for long-term ocean turbulence measurements in the South China Sea from October 19, 2013, to February 10, 2014 at 21°09.90′N, 117°42.03′E. A shear velocity time series was collected continuously
for 115 days at a single depth of 250 m using two orthogonal shear probes (PNS06). The mechanical design of wings is developed for an observation platform to achieve characteristics of stability and flexibility of current direction tracking. The depth and pitch in comparison with ambient current
speed are analyzed, and the results indicate that the platform has satisfied stability requirements for turbulence measurement. The comparison between the instrument heading and current direction shows that the instrument flexibly responds to variations of ambient currents. Throughout the
observation period, 62% of the data sets is of significant correlation with correlation coefficients above 0.5, and 4% is of strong correlation. The shear velocity spectra correspond well to the theoretical Nasmyth spectrum, and the magnitude of dissipation rates estimated from shear is approximately
Ο(10−8) W kg−1. The moored instrument is functional as designed and provides a reliable observation platform for extended turbulent measurements.
Mass balance of the Devon (NW), Meighen, and South Melville ice caps, Queen Elizabeth Islands for the 2013-2014 balance year
Authors: Burgess D O
Published: April 2016

In-situ glacier mass balance surveys were conducted across the Devon, Meighen, and South Melville ice caps in the Canadian high Arctic by Natural Resources Canada during spring, 2015. Survey results indicate positive net balance value of 6 cm w.e. for the Meighen
ice cap while the Devon Ice Cap and South Melville Ice Cap experienced slightly negative mass balance values of -25 and -16 cm w.e. respectively. Results from these glacier surveys are indicative of relatively cool conditions that prevailed across this region during the summer of 2014. Associated
water equivalent volume change for the Devon (NW), Meighen, and South Melville ice caps was -0.418, 0.003, and -0.006 Gt respectively which resulted in a net positive contribution to global sea-level rise from these 3 sites for the 2013-2014 balance year.
Показатели колеблемости, вращаемости и блуждаемости решений дифференциальных систем
Authors: Sergeev Igor Nikolaevich
Published: April 2016

Определен и изучен с единой точки зрения целый ряд показателей решений дифференциальной системы: ранжированный и включающий в себя все известные ранее и некоторые новые ляпуновские характеристики, описывающие различные свойства колеблемости и блуждаемости. Для уравнения второго порядка все эти показатели совпадают друг с другом, а для автономной системы множество значений каждого из них содержит все модули мнимых частей собственных чисел ее оператора.
Библиография: 28 названий.
Оценка нормы интерполяционного оператора Лагранжа в многомерном пространстве Соболева с весом
Authors: Fedotov Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: April 2016

Получена оценка нормы интерполяционного оператора Лагранжа
в многомерном пространстве Соболева с весом. Показано, что
при определенном выборе последовательности мультииндексов
интерполяционные полиномы сходятся к интерполируемой функции,
причем скорость сходимости имеет порядок наилучшего приближения
этой функции алгебраическими полиномами в этом пространстве.
Библиография: 9 названий.
Фундаментальный принцип и базис в инвариантном подпространстве
Authors: Krivosheev Aleksandr Sergeevich , Krivosheeva Olesya Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2016

В работе изучаются комплексные последовательности первого порядка
с конечной максимальной угловой плотностью. Получен критерий того,
когда такая последовательность является
частью правильно распределенного множества
с заданной угловой плотностью. На этой основе приводятся
полные решения проблем фундаментального принципа и базиса
для инвариантного подпространства аналитических функций
в ограниченной выпуклой области.
Библиография: 11 названий.
Задача аппроксимации в среднем на дугах в комплексной плоскости
Authors: Mamedkhanov Jamal Islam
Published: April 2016

В работе исследуются классические теоремы аппроксимации
на кривых в комплексной области, в частности, получены
прямая и обратная теоремы на дугах $\Gamma$ в комплексной
плоскости в метрике $L_p(\Gamma)$. Полученные результаты
являются новыми и в случае отрезка $[-1,1]$.
Библиография: 21 название.
La Biblioteca Municipal de Viipuri y la restauración de la arquitectura del movimiento moderno
Authors: Noguera Juan Francisco , Vegas Fernando
Published: April 2016

Sin resumen
Downscaling surface wind predictions from numerical weather prediction models in complex terrain with WindNinja
Authors: Wagenbrenner Natalie S. , Forthofer Jason M. , Lamb Brian K. , Shannon Kyle S. , Butler Bret W.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Wind predictions in complex terrain are important for a number of applications. Dynamic downscaling of numerical weather prediction (NWP) model winds with a high-resolution wind model is one way to obtain a wind forecast that accounts for local terrain effects, such as wind speed-up over ridges, flow channeling in valleys, flow separation around terrain obstacles, and flows induced by local surface heating and cooling. In this paper we investigate the ability of a mass-consistent wind model for downscaling near-surface wind predictions from four NWP models in complex terrain. Model predictions are compared with surface observations from a tall, isolated mountain. Downscaling improved near-surface wind forecasts under high-wind (near-neutral atmospheric stability) conditions. Results were mixed during upslope and downslope (non-neutral atmospheric stability) flow periods, although wind direction predictions generally improved with downscaling. This work constitutes evaluation of a diagnostic wind model at unprecedented high spatial resolution in terrain with topographical ruggedness approaching that of typical landscapes in the western US susceptible to wildland fire.
Future vegetation–climate interactions in Eastern Siberia: an assessment of the competing effects of CO2 and secondary organic aerosols
Authors: Arneth Almut , Makkonen Risto , Olin Stefan , Paasonen Pauli , Holst Thomas , Kajos Maija K. , Kulmala Markku , Maximov Trofim , Miller Paul A. , Schurgers Guy
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Disproportional warming in the northern high latitudes and large carbon stocks in boreal and (sub)arctic ecosystems have raised concerns as to whether substantial positive climate feedbacks from biogeochemical process responses should be expected. Such feedbacks occur when increasing temperatures lead, for example, to a net release of CO2 or CH4. However, temperature-enhanced emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) have been shown to contribute to the growth of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which is known to have a negative radiative climate effect. Combining measurements in Eastern Siberia with model-based estimates of vegetation and permafrost dynamics, BVOC emissions, and aerosol growth, we assess here possible future changes in ecosystem CO2 balance and BVOC–SOA interactions and discuss these changes in terms of possible climate effects. Globally, the effects of changes in Siberian ecosystem CO2 balance and SOA formation are small, but when concentrating on Siberia and the Northern Hemisphere the negative forcing from changed aerosol direct and indirect effects become notable – even though the associated temperature response would not necessarily follow a similar spatial pattern. While our analysis does not include other important processes that are of relevance for the climate system, the CO2 and BVOC–SOA interplay serves as an example for the complexity of the interactions between emissions and vegetation dynamics that underlie individual terrestrial processes and highlights the importance of addressing ecosystem–climate feedbacks in consistent, process-based model frameworks.
Methane emissions from dairies in the Los Angeles Basin
Authors: Viatte Camille , Lauvaux Thomas , Hedelius Jacob K. , Parker Harrison , Chen Jia , Jones Taylor , Franklin Jonathan E. , Deng Aijun J. , Gaudet Brian , Verhulst Kristal , Duren Riley , Wunch Debra , Roehl Coleen , Dubey Manvendra K. , Wofsy Steve , Wennberg Paul O.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. We estimate the amount of methane (CH4) emitted by the largest dairies in the southern California region by combining measurements from four mobile solar-viewing ground-based spectrometers (EM27/SUN), in situ isotopic 13/12CH4 measurements from a CRDS analyzer (Picarro), and a high-resolution atmospheric transport simulations with Weather Research and Forecasting model in Large-Eddy Simulation mode (WRF-LES). The remote sensing spectrometers measure the total column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CH4 and CO2 (XCH4 and XCO2) in the near infrared region, providing information about total emissions of the dairies at Chino. Gradients measured by the four EM27/SUN ranged from 0.2 to 22 ppb and from 0.7 to 3 ppm for XCH4 and XCO2, respectively. To assess the fluxes of the dairies, these gradient measurements are used in conjunction with the local atmospheric dynamics from wind measurements at two local airports and from the WRF-LES simulations at 111 m resolution. Our top-down CH4 emissions derived using the Fourier Transform Spectrometers (FTS) observations of 1.4 to 4.8 ppt/s are in the low-end of previous top-down estimates, consistent with reductions of the dairy farms with urbanization in the domain. However, the wide range of inferred fluxes points to the challenges posed by heterogeneity of the sources and meteorology. Inverse modeling from WRF-LES is utilized to resolve the spatial distribution of CH4 emissions in the domain. Both the model and the measurements indicate heterogeneous emissions, with contributions from anthropogenic and biogenic sources at Chino. A Bayesian inversion and a Monte-Carlo approach are used to provide the CH4 emissions of 3.2 to 4.7 ppt/s at Chino.
What are the greenhouse gas observing system requirements for reducing fundamental biogeochemical process uncertainty? Amazon wetland CH4 emissions as a case study
Authors: Bloom A. Anthony , Lauvaux Thomas , Yadav Vineet , Duren Riley , Sander Stanley , Worden John , Schimel David
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Understanding the processes controlling terrestrial carbon fluxes is one of the grand challenges of climate science. Carbon cycle process controls are readily studied at local scales, but integrating local knowledge across extremely heterogeneous biota, landforms and climate space has proven to be extraordinarily challenging. Consequently, top-down or integral flux constraints at process-relevant scales are essential to reducing process uncertainty. Future satellite-based estimates of greenhouse gas fluxes – such as CO2 and CH4 – could potentially provide the constraints needed to resolve biogeochemical process controls at the required scales. Our analysis is focused on Amazon wetland CH4 emissions, which amount to a scientifically crucial and methodologically challenging case study. We quantitatively derive the observing system requirements for testing wetland CH4 emission hypotheses at a process-relevant scale. To capture the spatial and temporal patterns of the major hydrological and carbon controls over wetland CH4 production, a satellite mission will need to resolve monthly CH4 fluxes at a 300 km resolution and with a 25 % flux precision. We simulate a range of low-earth orbit (LEO) and geostationary orbit (GEO) CH4 observing system configurations to evaluate the ability of these approaches to meet the CH4 flux requirements. Conventional LEO and GEO missions resolve monthly 300 km × 300 km Amazon wetland fluxes at a 186 % and 33 % median uncertainty level. Improving LEO CH4 measurement precision by √2 would only reduce the median CH4 flux uncertainty to 132 %. A GEO mission with targeted observing capability could resolve fluxes at a 21–27 % median precision by increasing the observation density in high cloud-cover regions at the expense of other parts of the domain. Process-driven greenhouse gas observing system simulations can enhance conventional uncertainty reduction assessments by providing the measurement needs for testing biogeochemical process hypotheses.
Accounting for the effects of surface BRDF on satellite cloud and trace-gas retrievals: A new approach based on geometry-dependent Lambertian-equivalent reflectivity applied to OMI algorithms
Authors: Vasilkov A. , Qin W. , Krotkov N. , Lamsal L. , Spurr R. , Haffner D. , Joiner J. , Yang E.-S. , Marchenko S.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Most satellite nadir ultraviolet and visible cloud, aerosol, and trace-gas algorithms make use of climatological surface reflectivity databases. For example, cloud and NO2 retrievals for the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) use monthly gridded surface reflectivity climatologies that do not depend upon the observation geometry. In reality, reflection of incoming direct and diffuse solar light from land or ocean surfaces is sensitive to the sun-sensor geometry. This dependence is described by the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). To account for the BRDF, we propose to use a new concept of geometry-dependent Lambertian-equivalent reflectivity (LER). Implementation within the existing OMI cloud and NO2 retrieval infrastructure requires changes only to the input surface reflectivity database. The geometry-dependent LER is calculated using a vector radiative transfer model with high spatial resolution BRDF information from the MODerateresolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) over land and the Cox-Munk slope distribution over ocean with a contribution from water-leaving radiance. We compare the geometry-dependent and climatological LERs for two wavelengths, 354 and 466 nm, that are used in OMI cloud algorithms to derive cloud fractions. A detailed comparison of the cloud fractions and pressures derived with climatological and geometry-dependent LERs is carried out. Geometry-dependent LER and corresponding retrieved cloud products are then used as inputs to our OMI NO2 algorithm. We find that the use of high-resolution geometry-dependent LERs can increase NO2 vertical columns by up to 50 % in highly polluted areas.
Errors induced by different approximations in handling horizontal atmospheric inhomogeneities in MIPAS/ENVISAT retrievals
Authors: Castelli Elisa , Ridolfi Marco , Carlotti Massimo , Sinnhuber Björn-Martin , Kirner Oliver , Dinelli Bianca Maria
Published: April 2016

Abstract. MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) is a mid-infrared limb emission sounder that operated on board the polar satellite ENVISAT from 2002 to 2012. The retrieval algorithm used by the European Space Agency to process MIPAS measurements exploits the assumption that the atmosphere is horizontally homogeneous. However, previous studies highlighted that this assumption causes significant errors on the retrieved profiles of some MIPAS target species. In this paper we quantify the errors induced by this assumption and evaluate the performances of three different algorithms that can be used to mitigate the problem. We generate synthetic observations with a high spatial resolution atmospheric model and carry out the retrievals with four alternative methods. The first assumes horizontal homogeneity (1D retrieval), the second includes a model of the horizontal gradient of atmospheric temperature (1D plus temperature gradient retrieval), the third accounts for an horizontal gradient of temperature and composition (1D plus temperature and composition gradient retrieval), while the fourth is the full two-dimensional (2D) inversion approach. Our results highlight that the 1D retrieval implies errors that are significant for averages of profiles. Furthermore, for some targets (e.g. T, CH4 and N2O below 10 hPa) the error induced by the 1D approximation becomes visible also in the individual retrieved profiles. The inclusion of any kind of horizontal variability model improves all the targets with respect to the horizontal homogeneity assumption. For temperature, HNO3 and CFC-11 the inclusion of an horizontal temperature gradient leads to a significant reduction of the error. For other targets as H2O, O3, N2O, CH4, the improvements due to the inclusion of an horizontal temperature gradient are minor. In these cases, the inclusion of a gradient in the target volume mixing ratio leads to significant improvements. Among all the methods tested in this work, the 2D approach, as expected, implies the smallest errors for almost all the target parameters. This residual error of the 2D approach is the smoothing caused by the retrieval grid, that is coarser than that of the atmospheric model.
A microbolometer-based far infrared radiometer to study thin ice clouds in the Arctic
Authors: Libois Quentin , Proulx Christian , Ivanescu Liviu , Coursol Laurence , Pelletier Ludovick S. , Bouzid Yacine , Barbero Francesco , Girard Éric , Blanchet Jean-Pierre
Published: April 2016

Abstract. A far infrared radiometer (FIRR) dedicated to measuring radiation emitted by clear and cloudy atmospheres was developed in the framework of the Thin Ice Clouds in Far InfraRed Experiment (TICFIRE) technology demonstration satellite project. The FIRR detector is an array of 80 × 60 uncooled microbolometers coated with gold black to enhance the absorptivity and responsivity. A filter wheel is used to select atmospheric radiation in nine spectral bands ranging from 8 to 50 µm. Calibrated radiances are obtained using two well-calibrated blackbodies. Images are acquired at a frame rate of 120 Hz, and temporally averaged to reduce electronic noise. A complete measurement sequence takes about 120 s. With a field of view of 6°, the FIRR is not intended to be an imager. Hence spatial average is computed over 193 illuminated pixels to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and consequently the detector resolution. This results in an improvement by a factor of 5 compared to individual pixel measurements. Another threefold increase in resolution is obtained using 193 non-illuminated pixels to remove correlated electronic noise, leading an overall resolution of approximately 0.015 W m−2 sr−1. Laboratory measurements performed on well-known targets suggest an absolute accuracy close to 0.02 W m−2 sr−1, which ensures atmospheric radiance is retrieved with an accuracy better than 1 %. Preliminary in situ experiments performed from the ground in winter and in summer on clear and cloudy atmospheres are compared to radiative transfer simulations. They point out the FIRR ability to detect clouds and changes in relative humidity of a few percent in various atmospheric conditions, paving the way for the development of new algorithms dedicated to ice cloud characterization and water vapor retrieval.
The effect of greenhouse gas concentrations and ice sheets on the glacial AMOC in a coupled climate model
Authors: Klockmann Marlene , Mikolajewicz Uwe , Marotzke Jochem
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Simulations with the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) are used to study the sensitivity of the AMOC and the deep ocean water masses during the Last Glacial Maximum to different sets of forcings. Analysing the individual contributions of the glacial forcings reveals that the ice sheets cause an increase of the overturning strength and a deepening of the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) cell, while the low greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations cause the overturning strength to decrease and the NADW cell to shoal. The effect of the orbital configuration is negligible. The effects of the ice sheets and the GHG reduction balance each other in the deep ocean so that no shoaling of the NADW cell is simulated in the full glacial state. Experiments in which different GHG concentrations with linearly decreasing radiative forcing are applied to a setup with glacial ice sheets and orbital configuration show that GHG concentrations below the glacial level are necessary to cause a shoaling of the NADW cell with respect to the preindustrial state in MPI-ESM. For a pCO2 of 149 ppm, the simulated overturning state and the deep ocean water masses are in best agreement with the glacial state inferred from proxy data. Sensitivity studies confirm that brine release and shelf convection in the Southern Ocean are key processes for the shoaling of the NADW cell. Shoaling occurs only when Southern Ocean shelf water contributes significantly to the formation of Antarctic Bottom Water.
Technical Note: Multiple wavelet coherence for untangling scale-specific and localized multivariate relationships in geosciences
Authors: Hu Wei , Si Bing Cheng
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The scale-specific and localized bivariate relationships in geosciences can be revealed using simple wavelet coherence. The objective of this study is to develop a multiple wavelet coherence method for examining scale-specific and localized multivariate relationships. Stationary and non-stationary artificial datasets, generated with the response variable as the summation of five predictor variables (cosine waves) with different scales, were used to test the new method. Comparisons were also conducted using existing multivariate methods including multiple spectral coherence and multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD). Results show that multiple spectral coherence is unable to identify localized multivariate relationships and underestimates the scale-specific multivariate relationships for non-stationary processes. The MEMD method was able to separate all variables into components at the same set of scales, revealing scale-specific relationships when combined with multiple correlation coefficients, but has the same weakness as multiple spectral coherence. However, multiple wavelet coherences are able to identify scale-specific and localized multivariate relationships, as they are close to 1 at multiple scales and locations corresponding to those of predictor variables. Therefore, multiple wavelet coherence outperforms other common multivariate methods. Multiple wavelet coherence was applied to a real dataset and revealed the optimal combination of factors for explaining temporal variation of free water evaporation at Changwu site in China at multiple scale-location domains. Matlab codes for multiple wavelet coherence are developed and provided in the supplement.
Characterization of a complex near-surface structure using well logging and passive seismic measurements
Authors: Benjumea Beatriz , Macau Albert , Gabàs Anna , Figueras Sara
Published: April 2016

Abstract. We combine geophysical well logging and passive seismic measurements to characterize the near-surface geology of an area located in Hontomin, Burgos (Spain). This area has some near-surface challenges for a geophysical study. The irregular topography is characterized by limestone outcrops and unconsolidated sediments areas. Additionally, the near-surface geology includes an upper layer of pure limestones overlying marly limestones and marls (Upper Cretaceous). These materials lie on top of Low Cretaceous siliciclastic sediments (sandstones, clays, gravels). In any case, a layer with reduced velocity is expected. The geophysical data sets used in this study include sonic and gamma-ray logs at two boreholes and passive seismic measurements: three arrays and 224 seismic stations for applying the horizontal-to-vertical amplitude spectra ratio method (H/V). Well-logging data define two significant changes in the P-wave-velocity log within the Upper Cretaceous layer and one more at the Upper to Lower Cretaceous contact. This technique has also been used for refining the geological interpretation. The passive seismic measurements provide a map of sediment thickness with a maximum of around 40 m and shear-wave velocity profiles from the array technique. A comparison between seismic velocity coming from well logging and array measurements defines the resolution limits of the passive seismic techniques and helps it to be interpreted. This study shows how these low-cost techniques can provide useful information about near-surface complexity that could be used for designing a geophysical field survey or for seismic processing steps such as statics or imaging.
Semi-brittle rheology and ice dynamics in DynEarthSol3D
Authors: Logan Liz C. , Lavier Luc L. , Choi Eunseo , Tan Eh , Catania Ginny A.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. We present a semi-brittle rheology and explore its potential for simulating glacier and ice sheet deformation using a numerical model DynEarthSol3D (DES). DES is a finite element solver for the dynamic and quasi-static simulation of continuous media. The experiments within demonstrate that DES can simulate ice failure and deformation in dynamic regions of glaciers, especially at quickly changing boundaries such as where glaciers meet the ocean. We explore the effect that different initial, boundary, and material conditions have on ice flow and failure. We find that the use of a semi-brittle constitutive law is a necessary material condition to form the characteristic pattern of basal crevasse-aided pinch-and-swell geometry, which is observed globally in floating portions of ice and can often aid in eroding the ice sheet margins in direct contact with oceans.
APLICAÇÕES DE VARIÁVEIS ANTROPOMÉTRICAS EM POSTOS DE TRABALHO EM MARCENARIAS NO SUL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Guimarães Pompeu Paes , Fiedler Nilton César , Carmo Flavio Cipriano de Assis , Alves Rafael Tonetto , De Moraes Filipe
Published: April 2016

Esta pesquisa foi realizada em três marcenarias, sendo uma no município de Alegre e duas no município de Jerônimo Monteiro, todas localizadas no sul do Espírito Santo no período de agosto de 2009 a julho de 2010, e teve os seguintes objetivos: avaliar as condições antropométricas dos trabalhadores e correlacioná-las com as potencialidades e imperfeições de nove máquinas utilizadas comumente nesses empreendimentos. Os resultados mostraram que os coeficientes de variação dos dados indicam uma distribuição homogênea ou média dispersão de distribuição de todos os valores encontrados, à exceção da variável idade, que apresentou distribuição heterogênea. Todas as alturas das bancadas dos postos de trabalho avaliados se mantiveram, em média, 14,5 cm abaixo do recomendado (99,0 cm), na maioria dos postos de trabalho. Com base nesses dados, recomendou-se uma reorganização ergonômica do trabalho, com alturas ideais das bancadas das máquinas e posicionamento e acessos ideais dos postos de trabalho, sendo sugerido o uso de EPI (Equipamento de Proteção Individual) de maior profilaxia e especificidade ao trabalhador.
ADUBAÇÃO DE PORTA-ENXERTOS DE SERINGUEIRA EM VIVEIRO SUSPENSO
Authors: Barreto Rafael Ferreira , Maruyama Wilson Itamar , Bardiviesso Diógenes Martins , Rodrigues Tiago Da Silva , Seraguzi Eric Fabiano , Barbosa Alexandre Vendrame
Published: April 2016

A produção de porta-enxertos de seringueira em viveiro suspenso evita a contaminação por patógenos de solo, porém existem poucas informações sobre adubação nesse sistema. Objetivou-se verificar a influência de diferentes concentrações de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio, em solução nutritiva, sobre o crescimento de porta-enxertos de seringueira em viveiro suspenso. Tratamentos: 0, 35, 70, 105 e 140 mg.planta-1.semana-1, conduzidos num delineamento em blocos casualizados, totalizando 4 repetições. As aplicações foram realizadas de outubro de 2012 a janeiro de 2013. A parcela foi constituída por 10 porta-enxertos de seringueira (clone desconhecido), sustentados no viveiro suspenso por garrafas PET. Aos 30, 45, 60, 75 e 90 dias após a aplicação, foram avaliados: diâmetro do caule, altura de plantas, número de folíolos e índice de cor verde. Aos 100 dias após a aplicação, realizou-se a avaliação final, por meio da massa seca, área foliar e índices fisiológicos. A dose de 140 mg.planta-1 via fertirrigação é a mais adequada para a produção de porta-enxertos em viveiro suspenso. Contudo, o potencial máximo de crescimento das plantas não foi atingido com as doses testadas. Para a obtenção de resultados satisfatórios, é recomendado o uso de sementes de porta-enxertos de seringueira de alta qualidade.
DINÂMICA DE POPULAÇÕES DE ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS EM FRAGMENTOS DE FLORESTA ALUVIAL NO SUL DE MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL
Authors: Nunes Matheus Henrique , Higuchi Pedro , Silva Ana Carolina , Van den Berg Eduardo , Terra Marcela De Castro Nunes Santos
Published: April 2016

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a dinâmica de populações arbóreas em fragmentos florestais em São Sebastião da Bela Vista, MG. Para isso, todos os indivíduos arbóreos com diâmetro na altura do peito (DAP) maior do que 5 cm, presentes nas unidades amostrais, foram medidos (DAP e altura) e identificados no ano de 2005 e monitorados nos anos 2007 e 2009 (remedição e verificação de mortalidade), quando também foram medidos os indivíduos que alcançaram o diâmetro mínimo de inclusão por ocasião de um eventual recrutamento. Foram calculadas as taxas de dinâmica anual (mortalidade, recrutamento, rotatividade e mudanças líquidas) para todas as populações. Foi observada instabilidade da dinâmica, indicada pela redução constante da abundância e pelo maior número de espécies com balanço negativo de número de indivíduos (período 2005 a 2007 = 13 e 2007 a 2009 = 17) do que balanço positivo (2005 a 2007 = 9 e 2007 a 2009 = 14). As mudanças de riqueza foram insignificantes, com o ganho de duas espécies e o desaparecimento de uma. O estudo demonstrou que, apesar de não apresentar mudanças qualitativas (composição florística), a área demonstrou instabilidade estrutural, com mais populações com maior taxa de mortalidade que de recrutamento.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MUDAS DE MULUNGU FERTIRRIGADAS COM DIFERENTES SOLUÇÕES NUTRITIVAS
Authors: Cavalcante Antônio Lucieudo Gonçalves , Oliveira Francisco De Assis de , Pereira Kleane Targino Oliveira , Dantas Renata De Paiva , Oliveira Mychelle Karla Teixeira de , Cunha Rafaela Cristina da , Souza Maria Williane de Lima
Published: April 2016

O mulungu (Erythrina vellutina Willd) é uma espécie nativa que ocorre em diversas regiões do país, com potencial para uso madeireiro, arborização urbana e para recomposição de vegetação em áreas degradadas. Contudo, ainda é uma espécie pouco estudada. O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de seis concentrações de nutrientes na solução de fertirrigação (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 e 125%), dispostos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições. Foram realizados dois experimentos independentes, sendo um para cada acesso. As mudas foram avaliadas para as seguintes variáveis: altura, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, área foliar, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca da raiz e massa seca total, área foliar específica, razão de área foliar, relação altura/diâmetro e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Com exceção das variáveis área foliar específica e ração de área foliar, todas as demais foram afetadas pelos tratamentos aplicados para os dois acessos. Para ambos os acessos, mudas de melhor qualidade podem ser produzidas utilizando-se fertirrigação com solução nutritiva variando de 70 a 80% da solução padrão.
CRESCIMENTO E QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE Eucalyptus urophylla X Eucalyptus grandis EM DIFERENTES RECIPIENTES
Authors: Storck Ester Bühler , Schorn Lauri Amandio , Fenilli Tatiele Anete Bergamo
Published: April 2016

O experimento foi instalado com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade e o desenvolvimento de mudas de Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis em diferentes idades em viveiro e produzidas em diferentes volumes de tubetes de polipropileno, visando determinar a idade ótima de expedição das mudas para cada volume de recipiente estudado. O substrato utilizado foi uma mistura contendo esterco bovino, terra de subsolo e casca de arroz carbonizada, na proporção de 2:1:1. Foram utilizados tubetes de 55, 100 e 200 cm³. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 (tubetes) x 5 (idades), com 15 tratamentos, cada um com 100 plantas, totalizando 1500 indivíduos. As plantas foram avaliadas em diferentes idades: 90, 120, 150, 180 e 210 dias. Foram mensuradas em cada muda as seguintes variáveis em cada idade: altura, diâmetro do colo, biomassa seca de raízes, biomassa seca aérea, biomassa seca total, número de raízes secundárias e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Realizou-se a análise de variância das variáveis, cujos resultados foram comparados pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Aos 90 dias, não se observaram diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos para a maioria das variáveis. Aos 180 dias houve diferenças significativas para todas as variáveis analisadas. Concluiu-se que a idade ótima para expedição de mudas em tubetes de 55 cm³ é aos 90 dias, aos 150 dias para mudas em tubetes de 100 cm³ e aos 180 dias para mudas em tubetes de 200 cm³.
INTERAÇÕES ESPACIAIS INTRAESPECÍFICAS DE Ocotea odorifera NA FLORESTA NACIONAL DE IRATI
Authors: Dalmaso Cilmar Antonio , Inoue Mario Takao , Marcelino Vânia Rossetto , Oliveira Filho Paulo Costa de
Published: April 2016

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar e descrever os padrões de interações espaciais intraespecíficas de Ocotea odorifera (Vell.) Rohwer (canela-sassafrás) num fragmento de Floresta Ombrófila Mista localizado na Floresta Nacional de Irati, no estado do Paraná. A hipótese levantada é que não existem evidências da ocorrência de interações espaciais entre os indivíduos de canela-sassafrás. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados de três hectares para coleta de informações sobre altura, diâmetro e localização dos indivíduos de canela-sassafrás com altura total ≥ 30 cm. Análises bivariadas por meio da função K12 de Ripley foram realizadas para descrever as interações espaciais entre diferentes categorias de tamanho. A interação espacial no espaço bidimensional é identificada pela ocorrência de atração ou repulsão entre as categorias. Na competição intraespecífica, as plantas da mesma espécie têm as mesmas necessidades e tendem a competir para obtenção de recursos. No entanto, a teoria suporta também interações positivas, ou de facilitação. Nas discussões são apresentadas algumas inferências sobre fenômenos que podem estar relacionados com os padrões de interação espacial apresentados pela espécie. A hipótese inicial foi rejeitada, já que O. odorifera apresentou interações negativas de indivíduos adultos com a regeneração em distâncias curtas e interações positivas entre os indivíduos regenerantes.
INCREMENTO DA BIOMASSA AÉREA DA VEGETAÇÃO DOS CAMPOS NATURAIS DO PARANÁ EM PERÍODO PÓS-QUEIMA
Authors: Seger Celso Darci , Batista Antonio Carlos , Tetto Alexandre França , Giongo Alves Marcos Vinicius , Soares Ronaldo Viana , Biondi Daniela
Published: April 2016

O objetivo do estudo foi determinar o incremento de biomassa aérea da vegetação de campos naturais em período de regeneração pós-queimas na área da Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Caminho das Tropas, município de Palmeira, Paraná. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida num período de um ano, com coletas bimestrais de dados. Anteriormente à queima, a carga de biomassa foi estimada em 14,90 ton.ha-1 e, após a queima, a carga de material residual (não queimado) foi estimada em 3,41 ton.ha-1. O incremento de biomassa apresentou média mensal de 1,92 ton.ha-1 nos seis primeiros meses, quando então se estabilizou. As médias de cargas de biomassa determinadas para as diferentes datas de coleta foram: 11,20 ton.ha-1 na primeira, 13,05 ton.ha-1 na segunda, 14,95 ton.ha-1 na terceira, 14,88 ton.ha-1 na quarta, 13,69 ton.ha-1 na quinta e 14,29 ton.ha-1 na sexta. O teor médio de umidade do material variou de 243,98% registrado na primeira coleta para 56,18% na última. Os resultados mostraram que a recomposição da biomassa aérea da vegetação campestre na área de estudo ocorreu num espaço de tempo bastante curto e que o teor de umidade sofreu queda vertiginosa também em curto espaço de tempo.
ENCONTROS E DESENCONTROS: OS JUDEUS SOB A CRISTANDADE OCIDENTAL (DO SÉC. IV AO SÉC. VII)
Authors: Feldman Sergio Alberto
Published: April 2016

Este artigo pretende analisar a construção e aplicação da doutrina agostiniana de tolerância à minoria judaica, na Antiguidade Tardia e demonstrar que esta se embasa numa mistura de legislação romana com a percepção dos judeus na ótica da patrística. Esta síntese elaborada pelo bispo Agostinho de Hipona e sancionada na prática pelo papa Gregório Magno, permitiu a permanência dos judeus no ocidente medieval por cerca de meio milênio, sem perseguições e nem tentativas de conversão forçada, salvo no caso do reino visigótico de Toledo.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Marchi Euclides , Bueno Wilma de Lara
Published: April 2016

EDITORIAL da Seção Temática Institucionalidades Religiosas: Apropriação e vivência do Sagrado
PAPEL DE LA RELIGIÓN EN LA SOCIEDAD DEL RIESGO
Authors: Vides David
Published: April 2016

En el reconocimiento de la situación del ser humano en la actualidad, la globalización parece constituirse en un punto de partida fundamental; ahora, la universalización y homogeneización no se han dado únicamente en escenarios sociales y económicos sino que atraviesan factores como el imaginario, la sensibilidad y las actitudes. En consecuencia, la humanidad se enfrenta a la modificación de dinámicas sociales, políticas, económicas y culturales, que terminan afectando a las personas concretas en el campo de las subjetividades, las cosmovisiones y los estilos de vida.  En ese escenario, el artículo plantea la religión como posible puerta de entrada para la comprensión de la situación del hombre en el mundo posterior al moderno; para ello, luego de algunas consideraciones iniciales, expone elementos de la Sociedad del Riesgo que encuentran eco y cabida en el campo de lo religioso, siguiendo los planteamientos de Josetxo Beriain, Anthony Giddens y Zigmunt Bauman. Finaliza, exponiendo algunas implicaciones que conlleva la consideración de la dimensión trascendente del hombre en el ámbito político, y, las relaciones con el proyecto de investigación La Educación Religiosa Escolar como espacio de formación política.
Examination of the relationship between management and clinician agreement on communication openness, teamwork, and patient satisfaction in the US hospitals
Authors: Mazurenko Olena , Richter Jason , Swanson-Kazley Abby , Ford Eric
Published: April 2016

Background: Patient satisfaction has always been an area of focus for hospitals, but gained particular importance due to the changes in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement policies. Hospital managers and clinicians interact with patients in different ways and have different perspectives on safety culture, yet little is known about how that impacts patient satisfaction.Objective: To examine how the agreement between clinicians and management perspectives on patient safety culture is related to patient satisfaction by employing cross-sectional design with linear regressions.Methods: Two data sets were used: 2012 Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture and 2012 Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS). The dependent variables were: overall rating of the hospital experience and willingness to recommend a hospital. The independent variables were four safety culture domains: communication openness, feedback, and communication about errors, teamwork within units, and teamwork between units.Results: The results suggest that manager and clinician agreement on high levels of communication openness, feedback and communication about errors, teamwork between units, and teamwork across units were positively and significantly associated with overall patient satisfaction and willingness to recommend. Additionally, more favorable perceptions about patient safety culture by only clinicians yielded similar findings.Conclusions: For policymakers, measuring managers and clinicians’ perceptions on patient safety culture may provide a valuable indicator of patient satisfaction throughout the country. While managers are more likely to have the power to devote resources to patient safety initiatives, they may not adequately judge culture in their unit and should take into account the perspectives of clinicians who have a more frontline perspective.
The Developing on Awareness of Water Resources Management of Grade 6 Students in Namphong Sub-Basin
Authors: Seehamat Lumyai , Sanrattana Unchalee , Tungkasamit Angkana
Published: April 2016

Awareness of water resources management is expression behavior as receive, response, valuing, and organization. Water resources is an important for everyone in the world and the recently water resources are be risky as lack of water, waste water, and blooding. The development on awareness of water resources management for grade 6 students is very important to solve immediately. The objectives of this research were to 1) compare grade 6 students’ awareness and comprehension of water resources management after developing 2) compare grade 6 student’s awareness and comprehension of water resources management after developing between irrigated area and non- irrigated area. The research was quasi-experimental design. The samples of control group were 31 students and 61 students were experimental group. Research instruments were the curriculum for developing awareness of water resources management, water resources management comprehension test, and assessment form for awareness of water resources management. Data analyzed were used descriptive statics for mean, standard deviation, and independent t-test used for comparing mean scores of pretest and posttest. The research found that the pretest and posttest of students’ awareness of water resources management and comprehension were significantly different at .05 levels. The compare mean between students’ awareness and comprehension in irrigated zone and non-irrigated zone were not significantly different at .05 levels.
An Effect of the Learning Environment Management System toward Student Quality of Thai Secondary School
Authors: Wirussawa Seatuch , Tesaputa Kowat , Duangpaeng Amporn
Published: April 2016

This study aimed at 1) investigating the element of the learning environment management system in the secondary schools, 2) exploring the current states and problems of the system on the learning environment management in the secondary schools, 3) designing the learning environment management system for the secondary schools, and 4) identifying the effects of the learning environment management system at the secondary schools. This research was the research and development (R&D). Tools employed in this study consisted of: a questionnaire, a form of opinion expression of the scholars, a form of interview, a form of system evaluation as well, a form of satisfaction evaluation. Data were analyzed by percentage, mean and standard deviation. The findings were as follows: 1) The components of the learning environment management system on outputs included: school policies, personnel, budget, materials used in the application, management as well as participation. On process, there were: environment inside classroom, environment outside classroom, information technology, class atmosphere, creation of learning and instruction and curriculum.

The outputs comprised: an increase in the learners’ leaning achievement, eagerness to learn among the learners, learning resources conducive to learning of the learners, teachers’ and school administrators’ satisfaction as well as interaction between the teachers and learners. The feedback consisted of a report on the effects and recommendations to those concerned, application of evaluation results to be improved based on recommendations. 2) The current states of the learning environment management system in the secondary schools were at the high level while the problems of the application were at the moderate level. 3) The system of the learning environment management in the secondary schools comprised 6 sub-factors including: inside classroom environment, outside classroom environment, information technology, classroom atmosphere, creation of learning, and instruction and curriculum. 4) The effects of the system application revealed that the teachers obtained interaction with the learners at the high level. More learning resources were added to the schools. The learners gained the higher learning achievement. The school administrators and teachers were satisfied with the system on the learning environment management in the secondary schools.
Perceived Social Support and Assertiveness as a Predictor of Candidates Psychological Counselors’ Psychological Well-Being
Authors: Ates Bünyamin
Published: April 2016

In this research, to what extent the variables of perceived social support (family, friends and special people) and assertiveness predicted the psychological well-being levels of candidate psychological counselors. The research group of this study included totally randomly selected 308 candidate psychological counselors including 174 females (56.5%) and 134 males (43.5%) studying at Erzincan University, Faculty of Education, Psychological Counseling and Guidance Department in 2015-2016 academic year. The age average of the research group was 20.84. Psychological Well-Being Scale, Voltan-Acar Assertiveness Scale, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, and Personal Information Form were used as the data collection tools in the research. The data obtained in the research were analyzed with stepwise regression analysis method as one of the multiple linear regression analyses methods. According to the research findings, the variables of assertiveness and social support perceived from family, friends and special people significantly predicted psychological well-being.
Factors for Development of Learning Content and Task for MOOCs in an Asian Context
Authors: Nordin Norazah , Norman Helmi , Embi Mohamed Amin , Mansor Ahmad Zamri , Idris Fazilah
Published: April 2016

The rapid advancement of emergent learning technologies has led to the introduction of massive open online courses (MOOCs) which offer open-based online learning courses to a large number of students. In line with the advancement, the Malaysia Ministry of Education has recently initiated Malaysia MOOCs via collaboration with four public universities. This paper proposes factors that could be used in development of MOOC learning content, which are: (i) type of MOOC, (ii) type of video lectures, (iii) integration of cultural aspects in video lectures, (iv) communication style in video lectures; and (v) humor effect in video lectures. The paper also proposes factors in developing MOOC learning tasks, namely: (i) structure of learning tasks; (ii) dialog in learning tasks; (iii) learner autonomy in learning tasks; (iv) social settings of learning tasks; and (v) transactional distance of learning tasks. The factors are based on experiences during development of MOOC for ethnic relations and are aligned with learning concepts and strategies such as the transactional distance theory and the theory of the computer model of a sense of humor. Future directions on the development and research on MOOCs are also proposed.