bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of neoplastic gallbladder polyps in patients with different age level based on preoperative ultrasound: a multi-center retrospective real-world study
Authors: Li Qi , Dou Minghui , Liu Hengchao , Jia Pengbo , Wang Xintuan , Geng Xilin , Zhang Yu , Yang Rui , Li Junhui , Yang Wenbin , Yao Chunhe , Zhang Xiaodi , Lei Da , Yang Chenglin , Hao Qiwei , Liu Yimin , Guo Zhihua , Geng Zhimin , Zhang Dong
Published: April 2024

Background

The prevalence of neoplastic polyps in gallbladder polyps (GPs) increases sharply with age and is associated with gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). This study aims to predict neoplastic polyps and provide appropriate treatment strategies based on preoperative ultrasound features in patients with different age level.

Methods

According to the age classification of WHO, 1523 patients with GPs who underwent cholecystectomy from January 2015 to December 2019 at 11 tertiary hospitals in China were divided into young adults group (n=622), middle-aged group (n=665) and elderly group (n=236). Linear scoring models were established based on independent risk variables screened by the Logistic regression model in different age groups. The area under ROC (AUC) to evaluate the predictive ability of linear scoring models, long- and short- diameter of GPs.

Results

Independent risk factors for neoplastic polyps included the number of polyps, polyp size (long diameter), and fundus in the young adults and elderly groups, while the number of polyps, polyp size (long diameter), and polyp size (short diameter) in the middle-aged groups. In different age groups, the AUCs of its linear scoring model were higher than the AUCs of the long- and short- diameter of GPs for differentiating neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps (all P<0.05), and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test showed that the prediction accuracy of the linear scoring models was higher than the long- and short- diameter of GPs (all P>0.05).

Conclusion

The linear scoring models of the young adults, middle-aged and elderly groups can effectively distinguish neoplastic polyps from non-neoplastic polyps based on preoperative ultrasound features.
Primary and specialist care interaction and referral patterns for individuals with chronic kidney disease: a narrative review
Authors: Mutatiri Clyson , Ratsch Angela , McGrail Matthew , Venuthurupalli Sree Krishna , Chennakesavan Srinivas Kondalsamy
Published: April 2024

Background

Timely referral of individuals with chronic kidney disease from primary care to secondary care is evidenced to improve patient outcomes, especially for those whose disease progresses to kidney failure requiring kidney replacement therapy. A shortage of specialist nephrology services plus no consistent criteria for referral and reporting leads to referral pattern variability in the management of individuals with chronic kidney disease.

Objective

The objective of this review was to explore the referral patterns of individuals with chronic kidney disease from primary care to specialist nephrology services. It focused on the primary-specialist care interface, optimal timing of referral to nephrology services, adequacy of preparation for kidney replacement therapy, and the role of clinical criteria vs. risk-based prediction tools in guiding the referral process.

Methods

A narrative review was utilised to summarise the literature, with the intent of providing a broad-based understanding of the referral patterns for patients with chronic kidney disease in order to guide clinical practice decisions. The review identified original English language qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods publications as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses available in PubMed and Google Scholar from their inception to 24 March 2023.

Results

Thirteen papers met the criteria for detailed review. We grouped the findings into three main themes: (1) Outcomes of the timing of referral to nephrology services, (2) Adequacy of preparation for kidney replacement therapy, and (3) Comparison of clinical criteria vs. risk-based prediction tools. The review demonstrated that regardless of the time frame used to define early vs. late referral in relation to the start of kidney replacement therapy, better outcomes are evidenced in patients referred early.

Conclusions

This review informs the patterns and timing of referral for pre-dialysis specialist care to mitigate adverse outcomes for individuals with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis. Enhancing current risk prediction equations will enable primary care clinicians to accurately predict the risk of clinically important outcomes and provide much-needed guidance on the timing of referral between primary care and specialist nephrology services.
Victimisation in the life of persons with severe mental illness in Uganda: a pluralistic qualitative study
Authors: Rutakumwa Rwamahe , Knizek Birthe Loa , Tusiime Christine , Mpango Richard Stephen , Birungi Carol , Kinyanda Eugene
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Victimisation of persons with severe mental illness is recognised as an urgent global concern, with literature pointing to higher rates of violent victimisation of persons with severe mental illness than those of the general population. Yet, for low income countries, there is a huge gap in the literature on the risk, character and victims’ in-depth experiences of victimisation of persons with severe mental illness. We explore the lived experiences and meanings of victimisation of persons with severe mental illness in Uganda, and discuss their implications for care of the mentally ill.

Methods

A pluralistic qualitative study was undertaken to explore victimisation among patients with severe mental illness. Patients who had suffered victimisation were purposively sampled from Butabika National Referral Mental Clinic and Masaka Regional Referral Hospital, following confirmation of symptom remission. In-depth interviews were held with 18 participants, comprising 13 females and 5 males from low to moderate socioeconomic status. Interpretative phenomenological analysis and thematic content analysis were conducted.

Results

Victimisation was exhibited in three main forms: (a) psychological, expressed in attitudes towards mentally ill family members as valueless and dispensable, and stigmatisation, (b) physical, as manifested in beatings, indoor confinement and tethering mostly by family members and (c) sexual victimisation, particularly rape. Also observed were victim’s various responses that pointed to the negative impact of victimisation, including a heightened risk of suicide, social withdrawal, a sense of hatefulness and a predisposition to more victimisation.

Conclusion

The family environment plays a predominant role in perpetrating victimisation of the mentally ill in some sub-Saharan African contexts such as Uganda. We propose a holistic framework for mental health interventions, incorporating biomedical but notably also social determinants of mental health, and targeted at improving familial relationships, social support and a sense of belongingness both within the family and the broader community.
Strengthening event-based surveillance (EBS): a case study from Afghanistan
Authors: Tahoun Mohamed Mostafa , Sahak Mohammad Nadir , Habibi Muzhgan , Ahadi Mohamad Jamaluddin , Rasoly Bahara , Shivji Sabrina , Aboushady Ahmed Taha , Nabeth Pierre , Sadek Mahmoud , Abouzeid Alaa
Published: April 2024

The sustained instability in Afghanistan, along with ongoing disease outbreaks and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, has significantly affected the country.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the country’s detection and response capacities faced challenges. Case identification was done in all health facilities from primary to tertiary levels but neglected cases at the community level, resulting in undetected and uncontrolled transmission from communities. This emphasizes a missed opportunity for early detection that Event-Based Surveillance (EBS) could have facilitated.

Therefore, Afghanistan planned to strengthen the EBS component of the national public health surveillance system to enhance the capacity for the rapid detection and response to infectious disease outbreaks, including COVID-19 and other emerging diseases. This effort was undertaken to promptly mitigate the impact of such outbreaks.

We conducted a landscape assessment of Afghanistan’s public health surveillance system to identify the best way to enhance EBS, and then we crafted an implementation work plan. The work plan included the following steps: establishing an EBS multisectoral coordination and working group, identifying EBS information sources, prioritizing public health events of importance, defining signals, establishing reporting mechanisms, and developing standard operating procedures and training guides.

EBS is currently being piloted in seven provinces in Afghanistan. The lessons learned from the pilot phase will support its overall expansion throughout the country.
Assessing the safety of physical rehabilitation in critically ill patients: a Delphi study
Authors: Woodbridge Huw R. , McCarthy Christopher J. , Jones Mandy , Willis Matthew , Antcliffe David B. , Alexander Caroline M. , Gordon Anthony C.
Published: April 2024

Background

Physical rehabilitation of critically ill patients is implemented to improve physical outcomes from an intensive care stay. However, before rehabilitation is implemented, a risk assessment is essential, based on robust safety data. To develop this information, a uniform definition of relevant adverse events is required. The assessment of cardiovascular stability is particularly relevant before physical activity as there is uncertainty over when it is safe to start rehabilitation with patients receiving vasoactive drugs.

Methods

A three-stage Delphi study was carried out to (a) define adverse events for a general ICU cohort, and (b) to define which risks should be assessed before physical rehabilitation of patients receiving vasoactive drugs. An international group of intensive care clinicians and clinician researchers took part. Former ICU patients and their family members/carers were involved in generating consensus for the definition of adverse events. Round one was an open round where participants gave their suggestions of what to include. In round two, participants rated their agreements with these suggestions using a five-point Likert scale; a 70% consensus agreement threshold was used. Round three was used to re-rate suggestions that had not reached consensus, whilst viewing anonymous feedback of participant ratings from round two.

Results

Twenty-four multi-professional ICU clinicians and clinician researchers from 10 countries across five continents were recruited. Average duration of ICU experience was 18 years (standard deviation 8) and 61% had publications related to ICU rehabilitation. For the adverse event definition, five former ICU patients and one patient relative were recruited. The Delphi process had a 97% response rate. Firstly, 54 adverse events reached consensus; an adverse event tool was created and informed by these events. Secondly, 50 risk factors requiring assessment before physical rehabilitation of patients receiving vasoactive drugs reached consensus. A second tool was created, informed by these suggestions.

Conclusions

The adverse event tool can be used in studies of physical rehabilitation to ensure uniform measurement of safety. The risk assessment tool can be used to inform clinical practise when risk assessing when to start rehabilitation with patients receiving vasoactive drugs.

Trial registration This study protocol was retrospectively registered on https://www.researchregistry.com/ (researchregistry2991).
Safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis before mechanical thrombectomy in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Bao Qiangji , Huang Xiaodong , Wu Xinting , Huang Hao , Zhang Xiaoqiang , Yang Mingfei
Published: April 2024

Background

Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) before endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is the standard treatment for patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO). However, the efficacy and safety of IVT before EVT in AIS-LVO patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial. Thus, this study aims to assess the benefit of IVT plus EVT and direct EVT alone in AIS-LVO patients with AF.

Method

Relevant studies that evaluated the outcomes of IVT plus EVT versus direct EVT alone in AIS-LVO patients with AF were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to August 10, 2023. The outcomes included successful reperfusion (score of 2b to 3 for thrombolysis in cerebral infarction), symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), good clinical outcome (modified Rankin scale score ≤ 2) at 3 months, and 3-month mortality.

Result

Eight eligible observational studies involving 6998 (3827 in the IVT plus EVT group and 3171 in the direct EVT group) patients with AIS-LVO complicated by AF were included. Compared with direct EVT, IVT plus EVT resulted in better 3-month clinical outcomes (odds ratio [OR] 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.54) and lower 3-month mortality (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.68–0.88). However, the incidence of sICH (OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.91–1.75) and the rate of successful reperfusion (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.83–1.17) were not significantly different between treatment modalities.

Conclusion

IVT plus EVT leads to better functional outcomes and lower mortality in AIS-LVO patients with AF. Withholding IVT plus EVT from patients with AF alone may not be justified.
A system dynamics approach for the development of a Regional Innovation System
Authors: Samara Elpida , Kilintzis Pavlos , Katsoras Efthymios , Martnidis George , Kosti Paraskevi
Published: April 2024

Regions play an important role in the global economy by driving research and innovation policies through a major tool, the Regional Innovation System (RIS). The RIS is a social system that encompasses the systematic interaction of the various organizations that comprise it, to improve local knowledge and innovation. It consists of interconnections of various public and private sector institutions, whose activities and interactions create, introduce and diffuse innovations. This paper outlines the methodology employed in developing and validating a mathematical model of Regional Innovation Systems, utilizing the system dynamics approach. To provide a demonstration of the aforementioned concept, the proposed model will then be implemented in the RIS of two specific regions in Greece, namely Western and Central Macedonia. Within this context, various policies will be formulated to modify the indicators of Smart Technology, with the objective of assessing their influence on the overall regional development of the aforementioned regions. The model focuses on the functional structure of the RIS, separating it in six diverse, interacting subsystems consisting of different components, captured by a total of 38 different factors which can be quantitatively assessed.
The efficacy of articaine in pain management during endodontic procedures in pediatric patients
Authors: Che Yilei , Wang Minhua , Wu Xiaozhen , Wang Xueling
Published: April 2024

Objective

This trial aimed to study the efficacy of articaine in pain management during endodontic procedures in pediatric patients.

Methods

Ninety-eight children who received endodontic painless treatment were collected and randomly divided into the control group and observation group, with 49 cases in each group. The control group received infiltration anesthesia with lidocaine, and the observation group received infiltration anesthesia with articaine. Anesthesia effect, anesthesia onset time, sensory recovery time, duration of anesthesia, pain intensity, blood pressure, heart rate, and adverse reactions were compared.

Results

The effective rate of anesthesia in the observation group was higher than that in the control group. The anesthesia onset time and sensory recovery time were shorter, the duration of anesthesia was longer, and the VAS score and facial expression score were lower in the observation group than in the control group. The heart rate of the observation group was lower, and diastolic blood pressure was higher than those of the control group. The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group.

Conclusion

In the treatment of dental pulp diseases in children, the use of articaine can achieve better anesthesia effect and rapid onset of anesthesia and has less impact on the patient’s blood pressure and heart rate, but it also can relieve pain and has good safety after the use of medication. It is worthy of clinical application.
Delivery-mediated exosomal therapeutics in ischemia–reperfusion injury: advances, mechanisms, and future directions
Authors: Ding Shengzhe , Kim Yu-Jin , Huang Kai-Yu , Um Daniel , Jung Youngmee , Kong Hyunjoon
Published: April 2024

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) poses significant challenges across various organ systems, including the heart, brain, and kidneys. Exosomes have shown great potentials and applications in mitigating IRI-induced cell and tissue damage through modulating inflammatory responses, enhancing angiogenesis, and promoting tissue repair. Despite these advances, a more systematic understanding of exosomes from different sources and their biotransport is critical for optimizing therapeutic efficacy and accelerating the clinical adoption of exosomes for IRI therapies. Therefore, this review article overviews the administration routes of exosomes from different sources, such as mesenchymal stem cells and other somatic cells, in the context of IRI treatment. Furthermore, this article covers how the delivered exosomes modulate molecular pathways of recipient cells, aiding in the prevention of cell death and the promotions of regeneration in IRI models. In the end, this article discusses the ongoing research efforts and propose future research directions of exosome-based therapies.

Graphical Abstract
Combatting energy poverty in eastern Turkey: innovative debt solutions and the power-cut index
Authors: Emre Tamer , Sözen Adnan
Published: April 2024

Energy poverty (EP), a pressing global concern, is uniquely manifested in regions like eastern Turkey due to intertwined socio-economic conditions and intricate energy consumption patterns. This study critically examines the electricity market dynamics, highlighting the direct impact on end-users, from households to entire communities facing challenges such as unauthorized consumption and waste. Our findings over 2 years period of 6 million customer invoices through 17 cities of 5 distribution companies underscore the limitations of traditional income-based measures in capturing the nuances of EP. In response, we introduce a novel metric—the power-cut index per consumer (PCPC)—spotlighting the prevalence of power interruptions due to non-payment as an actionable intervention metric. To address EP’s challenges, we present a mechanism encouraging consumers to reduce consumption, offering debt discounts as incentives. Our methodological approach, harnessing both the Monte Carlo simulation and optimization, promises flexible, actionable strategies tailored to diverse EP situations. Drawing parallels with the European Union’s energy transition efforts, this study proposes the adaptation of European frameworks to cater to Turkey’s unique landscape. By anchoring our insights in real stories of those affected by EP, we highlight the human dimension, emphasizing the urgency of stakeholder collaboration to ensure a future where energy facilitates prosperity rather than hindrance. The collective endeavors of infrastructure companies, governmental agencies, NGOs, and the public are pivotal in sculpting a brighter, equitable energy future.
Small bowel obstruction in ruptured male pelvic dermoid with situs inversus totalis: a singular case presentation
Authors: Sreehari C. S. , Gupta Jyoti , Jamwal Rupi
Published: April 2024

Background

Pelvic dermoid cysts are extremely rare in males, with an even rare occurrence of rupture. Only a handful of cases of male pelvic dermoid cysts have been published with no reported case of ruptured male pelvic dermoid causing small bowel obstruction to the best of our knowledge.

Case presentation

Herein we report a case of ruptured pelvic dermoid presenting with intestinal obstruction in an adult male patient with situs inversus totalis.

Conclusion

Pelvic dermoid cyst should be considered even in males the presence of classical radiological signs. Knowledge of usual and unusual imaging signs as well as the associated life-threatening complications of a ruptured dermoid cyst can help in prompt diagnosis and timely patient management.
The relationship between clinical presentation and the nature of care in adults with intellectual disability and epilepsy – national comparative cohort study
Authors: Badger Sarah , Watkins Lance V , Bassett Paul , Roy Ashok , Eyeoyibo Mogbeyiteren , Sawhney Indermeet , Purandare Kiran , Wood Laurie , Pugh Andrea , Hammett Joanne , Sheehan Rory , Tromans Samuel , Shankar Rohit
Published: April 2024

Background

A quarter of People with Intellectual Disabilities (PwID) have epilepsy compared with 1% of the general population. Epilepsy in PwID is a bellwether for premature mortality, multimorbidity and polypharmacy. This group depends on their care provider to give relevant information for management, especially epilepsy. There is no research on care status relationship and clinical characteristics of PwID and epilepsy.

Aim

Explore and compare the clinical characteristics of PwID with epilepsy across different care settings.

Method

A retrospective multicentre cohort study across England and Wales collected information on seizure characteristics, intellectual disability severity, neurodevelopmental/biological/psychiatric comorbidities, medication including psychotropics/anti-seizure medication, and care status. Clinical characteristics were compared across different care settings, and those aged over and younger than 40 years.

Results

Of 618 adult PwID across six centres (male:female = 61%:39%), 338 (55%) received professional care whereas 258 (42%) lived with family. Significant differences between the care groups existed in intellectual disability severity (P = 0.01), autism presence (P < 0.001), challenging behaviour (P < 0.001) and comorbid physical conditions (P = 0.008). The two groups did not vary in intellectual disability severity/genetic conditions/seizure type and frequency/psychiatric disorders. The professional care cohort experienced increased polypharmacy (P < 0.001) and antipsychotic/psychotropic use (P < 0.001/P = 0.008).

The over-40s cohort had lower autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comorbidity (P < 0.001/P = 0.007), increased psychiatric comorbidity and challenging behaviour (P < 0.05), physical multimorbidity (P < 0.001), polypharmacy (P < 0.001) and antipsychotic use (P < 0.001) but reduced numbers of seizures (P = 0.007).

Conclusion

PwID and epilepsy over 40 years in professional care have more complex clinical characteristics, increased polypharmacy and antipsychotic prescribing but fewer seizures.
The 3-Dimensional Intelligent Structured Light Technique: A New Registration Method in Stereotactic Neurosurgery
Authors: Cai Du , Wang Xiu , Hu Wenhan , Mo Jiajie , Liu Huanguang , Li Xiaoyan , Zheng Xixi , Ding Xiaosheng , An Juan , Hua Yichun , Zhang Jianguo , Zhang Kai , Zhang Chao
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Surface-based facial scanning registration emerged as an essential registration method in the robot-assisted neuronavigation surgery, providing a marker-free way to align a patient’s facial surface with the imaging data. The 3-dimensional (3D) structured light was developed as an advanced registration method based on surface-based facial scanning registration. We aspire to introduce the 3D structured light as a new registration method in the procedure of the robot-assisted neurosurgery and assess the accuracy, efficiency, and safety of this method by analyzing the relative operative results.

METHODS:

We analyzed the results of 47 patients who underwent Ommaya reservoir implantation (n = 17) and stereotactic biopsy (n = 30) assisted by 3D structured light at our hospital from January 2022 to May 2023. The accuracy and additional operative results were analyzed.

RESULTS:

For the Ommaya reservoir implantation, the target point error was 3.2 ± 2.2 mm and the entry point error was 3.3 ± 2.4 mm, while the operation duration was 35.8 ± 8.3 minutes. For the stereotactic biopsy, the target point error was 2.3 ± 1.3 mm and the entry point error was 2.7 ± 1.2 mm, while the operation duration was 24.5 ± 6.3 minutes.

CONCLUSION:

The 3D structured light technique reduces the patients’ discomfort and offers the advantage of a simpler procedure, which can improve the clinical efficiency with the sufficient accuracy and safety to meet the clinical requirements of the puncture and navigation.
High levels of soluble P-selectin, neutrophil extracellular traps, and myeloperoxidase as risk factor of deep vein thrombosis in malignancy patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy
Authors: Rena Ni Made Renny Anggreni , Bakta I Made , Suega Ketut
Published: April 2024

Backgrounds Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) is a disease entity comprising Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary Embolism (PE). VTE events increase the mortality rate of patients with cancer receiving platinum-based chemotherapy. Soluble P-Selectin, Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NET), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) are risk factors associated with DVT in malignancy patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of soluble P-selectin, NET, and MPO as risk factors for DVT in patients with malignancy receiving platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients and Methods This study used a case-control design (matched pair case-control study) based on age and gender. The case group consisted of subjects with DVT, whereas the control group consisted of subjects without DVT. The subjects were 31 in each case and control groups. Soluble P-selectin, NET, and MPO levels were measured in each group. Results The mean age of case group was 50.26±12.15 years meanwhile in control group was 52.81±11.64 years. In the case group, 71% of the subjects were female, whereas 51.6% of the control group were male. Most subjects, either in the case group (71%) or the control group (71%), used carboplatin. In the case group, cervix malignancy was the most common malignancy (32.3%), whereas in the control group, it was nasopharyngeal malignancy (25.8%). High soluble P-selectin level was a risk factor for DVT (OR 3.38, CI 1.180 – 9.780, p=0.02). A high NET level was also a risk factor for DVT (OR 2.88, CI 1.026-8.074, p=0.04). The high MPO levels in this study could not be proven as a risk factor. Conclusions Soluble P-selectin and NET are risk factors that play a role in the pathophysiology of DVT through the pathomechanism of immunothrombosis induced by endothelial injury and activation of monocytes and neutrophils due to the use of platinum-based chemotherapy.
THE DIVERSIFICATION PLAN FORMING IN THE INVESTMENT AND OPER-ATING SPHERES OF THE JSC “PLASTIC” ACTIVITY
Authors: Kizimov M.
Published: April 2024

The comprehensive approach to the diversification of the chemical enterprise activity is suggested, it’s system repulse in the investment and operating budgets is justified. The au-thor developed the activity selection methodology of the diversification plan forming, re-ceived approval at the JSC “Plastic” and realized in the scientific productional and professional educational enterprise programs.
Modeling the Prospects for Innovative Development of Central Federal District Regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Averina Tatyana
Published: April 2024

The article contains an attempt to expand the list of indicators for a discriminant model designed to predict the level of innovative development of regions. Data from the regions of the Central Federal District became the basis for selecting factors and building a model. This time, indicators were chosen that characterize activities that logically precede innovation, namely, research and development. As a result, calculations yielded coefficients for the model and the numerical value of the criterion for assessing the level of innovative development of regions.
Development of Measures to Protect Confidential Information Management Information in the Organization
Authors: Fomicheva I. , Yudina O. , Polyakov D.
Published: April 2024

The article reveals the main provisions and the importance of protecting confidential data in state and municipal management, organizational and technical measures. Attention is paid to the relationship between the amount of management information in organizations and the growth of threat factors for its disclosure. As a warning against external and internal threats, an approach to creating a mechanism for ensuring the security of classified data will be considered, and a list of documents regulating the field of technical information protection will be provided. The directions of implementation of the system of protection of confidential information in the management system of the organization are proposed.
Antennal ultrastructure of three species of Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Rodrigues Sérgio Roberto , Cocco Andrezza Santos
Published: April 2024

This study describes the antennal ultrastructure in Cyclocephala forsteri Endrodi, 1963, Cyclocephala melanocephala (Fabricius, 1775) and Cyclocephala tucumana Brethes, 1904 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Adult of Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 specimens were collected using a light trap placed near a pasture area, segregated by gender, based on male-specific dilated pre-tarsomeres and preserved in 70% alcohol. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the antenna lamellae were obtained from ten specimens at Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) in Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil. We identified trichoid, chaetic, placoid, coeloconic, basiconic sensilla, and pores in antenna of all the species. Placoid sensilla were prevalent in the antennal lamellae. The antennae of C. forsteri females had 5,457 sensilla, of which 5,327 (97.62%) were placoid, 123 (2.25%) coeloconic, and seven (0.13%) basiconic, while the antennae of males showed 5,351 sensilla, with 5,238 (97.89%) being placoid, 100 (1.87%) coeloconic, and 13 (0.24%) basiconic. The antennae of C. melanocephala females presented 6,814 sensilla, with 6,581 (96.58%) being placoid, 231 (3.39%) coeloconic, and two (0.03%) basiconic; while those of males had 6,333 sensilla, with 6,023 (95.11%) being placoid and 310 (4.89%) coeloconic. Finally, the antennae of C. tucumana females had 1,981 sensilla, with 1,845 (93.13%) being placoid, 127 (6.42%) coeloconic, and nine (0.45%) basiconic; while the antennae of males had 3,756 sensilla, with 3,656 (97.34%) being placoid, 99 (2.64%) coeloconic, and one (0.02%) basiconic. Overall, adults of C. melanocephala and C. tucumana presented dimorphism in the antennal sensilla.
hanges in force generation by two-finger striking methods: An experimental study
Authors: Yun Seon Mi , Kim Hun , Hwang Kun , Jung Sung Gyun , Hwang Young Joong
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Acute sagittal injury in boxer’s knuckle causes extensor tendon subluxation. We analyzed anatomical measurements for posture-related hand parts and measured the force generated when striking the fingers.Methods: In 120 healthy adults (55 males, 65 females), the palm area, finger length, finger length, finger circumference, and wrist circumference were measured. Using a digital force gauge, the force generated by striking with finger flexion (FFF) performed by the middle finger was measured. The forces generated during extension flicking (FEFs) by the index and ring fingers were also measured. The forces exerted by the hand and fingers was measured using a grip force meter. The relationships of measured values with sex and age were statistically analyzed.Results: The FFF of the middle finger was 12.9±7.0 N, and the FEFs of the index and ring fingers were 6.8±2.5 N and 5.8±2.3 N, respectively. The grip force was 343.3±134.7 N in the four fingers excluding the thumb, 108.4±41.6 N in the index finger, 110.5±45.4 N in the middle finger, and 83.6±36.5 N in the ring finger. Males had higher FFF for the middle finger (17.9±6.6 N) than females (8.6±3.9 N) (p<0.001), and greater FEFs for the index (8.5±2.0 N) and ring fingers (7.1±2.2 N) compared to females (5.3±1.7 N and 4.7±.8 N, respectively) (p<0.001). Cross-analysis results showed differences by sex and age. The circumference of the index finger exceeded that of the ring finger.Conclusion: The study findings shed light on the relationship between the forces generated in the process of finger flicking.
Competition and Collaboration in Crowdsourcing Communities: What Happens When Peers Evaluate Each Other?
Authors: Riedl Christoph , Grad Tom , Lettl Christopher
Published: April 2024

Crowdsourcing has evolved as an organizational approach to distributed problem solving and innovation. As contests are embedded in online communities and evaluation rights are assigned to the crowd, community members face a tension: They find themselves exposed to both competitive motives to win the contest prize and collaborative participation motives in the community. The competitive motive suggests they may evaluate rivals strategically according to their self-interest, the collaborative motive suggests they may evaluate their peers truthfully according to mutual interest. Using field data from Threadless on 38 million peer evaluations of more than 150,000 submissions across 75,000 individuals over 10 years and two natural experiments to rule out alternative explanations, we answer the question of how community members resolve this tension. We show that as their skill level increases, they become increasingly competitive and shift from using self-promotion to sabotaging their closest competitors. However, we also find signs of collaborative behavior when high-skilled members show leniency toward those community members who do not directly threaten their chance of winning. We explain how the individual-level use of strategic evaluations translates into important organizational-level outcomes by affecting the community structure through individuals’ long-term participation. Although low-skill targets of sabotage are less likely to participate in future contests, high-skill targets are more likely. This suggests a feedback loop between competitive evaluation behavior and future participation. These findings have important implications for the literature on crowdsourcing design, and the evolution and sustainability of crowdsourcing communities.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation [Grant IIS-1514283] and the U.S. Office of Naval Research [Grant N00014-17-1-2542].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.15163 .
Exploring Nutraceuticals: A Comprehensive Examination of Inception, Thematic Mapping, Evolution, Emerging Trends, and Gaps
Authors: Abdelwahab Siddig Ibrahim , Elhassan Taha Manal Mohamed , Mariod Abdalbasit Adam , Al-Foraih Meisa , Al-Asmari Hajar
Published: April 2024

Nutraceuticals (NCs) refer to food or dietary components that include medicinal or health-promoting properties, potentially aiding in preventing and managing specific diseases. Nutraceutical research (NCR) has made significant strides, but several gaps still need to be addressed. The study's main objective is to analyze the inception and current state of NCs, identify research gaps, and map out potential areas for future investigation in the field of NCR. The study utilized the Scopus database to gather bibliographic data through MesH-generated keywords. The search encompassed English-language original research without limitations on chronology or geography. The PRISMA methodology was employed to refine the search results. The Bibliometrix software tool, based on the R programming language, analyzes 16,030 research publications. Since 1993, NCR has experienced exponential growth of 27.27% (R2 = 0.929). Italy and the United States are the leading countries regarding publications and citations. The most prolific scholar in NCR is McClements, D.J. The research findings highlight that the antioxidant properties of plant extracts, pathophysiology of diet- and age-induced diabetes, pharmaceutical formulations, and drug delivery routes are the most cited research directions. Thematic mapping of NCR reveals a need for motor and emerging themes, with key clusters including "nutraceuticals," "antioxidant activity," and "curcumin." The thematic evolution of NCR's themes experienced a turning point in 2020. As a result, trending topics in NCR include Castanea sativa, authentication, lipophilicity, bioactive compounds, molecular docking, COVID-19, autophagy, gut microbiota, and sustainability. The study helps bridge research gaps and promotes the safe and effective use of nutraceuticals for human health. It provides valuable benefits for researchers, including identifying interesting authors, popular research areas, and collaboration opportunities. Furthermore, the findings can inform decision-makers in making strategic and informed decisions regarding policy, finance, and resource allocation in the field of nutraceutical research.
Glycemic Response And Satiety in Healthy Korean Adults Following Consumption of Equal Volumes of Pressure and Non-Pressure Rice
Authors: Lee Hyun-Jung , Kim Mi-Hyun
Published: April 2024

This study examined the effect of the same volume of pressure-cooked or non-pressure-cooked rice on the glycemic response and satiety of 28 healthy Korean adults aged 20–57 years in a randomized cross-over design. On separate mornings, all participants were served with rice that was cooked either with pressure or without pressure and side dishes in a random order. The pressure-cooked rice contained approximately 14% more energy than the non-pressure-cooked rice. The capillary blood glucose response and satiety score were measured every 15 or 30 minutes for 2 hours (3 hours for satiety) before and after consuming the meal. The glucose response was not significantly different between the meals. The feelings of hunger and fullness and prospective food consumption after eating the meals were not significantly different after adjusting for age, BMI, meal order and fasting value on the given trial day. This study suggests that consuming of equal volume of pressure or non-pressure-cooked rice may make a small difference in energy intake without affecting satiety.
ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DE ATENDIMENTO PEDAGÓGICO A ESTUDANTES EM TRATAMENTO DE DIVERSAS PATOLOGIAS ENTRE BRASIL E CANADÁ
Authors: Dos Santos Moraes Victor , Linhares Granemann de Medeiros  Jucélia , Hsu Moreira Wei Mei
Published: April 2024

No Brasil, o atendimento escolar hospitalar é direcionado pelo Ministério da Educação-MEC e as Secretarias municipais e estaduais de Educação, visando a continuidade do processo escolar de estudantes hospitalizados e/ou em tratamento de saúde oriundos da Educação Infantil, Ensino Fundamental e Médio. É efetivado por professores das diversas áreas, atualizados em formações continuadas e acompanhados pedagogicamente por suas respectivas secretarias. No Canadá, verifica-se uma estrutura semelhante. Apesar das diferenças culturais entre Brasil e Canadá, uma semelhança no âmbito educacional é apresentada quanto à oferta da educação para todos. Concernente à legislação brasileira, a concretização dessa oferta é descrita através da Constituição Federal de 1988 – Art. 205. Quando se refere à universalização do atendimento, compreendemos que é possível alcançar diferentes comunidades, tais como as indígenas, quilombolas, com deficiência ou dos educandos que estejam impossibilitados de frequentar fisicamente o ambiente escolar, seja por motivos de doença, como o câncer ou, por vezes, por uma síndrome como o autismo. Nesse artigo, nosso objetivo é apresentar as realidades de atendimentos pedagógicos fora do ambiente escolar, nos quais o aluno dá continuidade ao processo de ensino–aprendizagem. O público–alvo refere-se aos educandos em tratamento de diversas patologias no Brasil e, no Canadá, trataremos sobre as práticas pedagógicas com alunos de grau severo de autismo. A relevância desse artigo reside no estudo comparativo, a fim de captar diferentes abordagens pedagógicas que têm como resultado final o mesmo objetivo: a continuidade e o sucesso escolar para a construção de um cidadão de direitos.
EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR INCLUYENTE Y ACCESIBLE:
Authors: Gil Diana , Ortiz Alexis
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo presenta la experiencia de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas de Bogotá D.C. - Colombia, en adelante UDFJC, para la consolidación, en el mes de abril de 2023 de la Política Institucional de Educación Superior Incluyente y Accesible. Se realizará un recuento de las acciones académicas e investigativas realizadas en las diferentes dependencias de la UDFJC, sus logros y los retos que enfrenta. Dentro de estas acciones se destaca la realización de la IV versión del Congreso Internacional del Grupo Interdisciplinar de Investigación en Educación e Inclusión (GIEI): Un Compromiso global. Se logró el intercambio de conocimientos, enfoques, experiencias, resultados de investigaciones y prácticas en relación a la educación e inclusión a nivel global. Además, de la consolidación de vínculos interinstitucionales para el intercambio y la difusión de acciones y estrategias para fundamentar la cultura de la inclusión en la institución.
La reflexión y proyección de los retos al interior de la comunidad universitaria fundamentan la Política Institucional de Educación Superior Incluyente y Accesible, que implica pensar en una educación que posibilite la eliminación de todo tipo de barreras, tanto psicológicas, físicas, sociales, culturales y actitudinales para favorecer el proceso de desarrollo personal y profesional de los estudiantes.
O GRUPO INTERDISCIPLINAR DE EDUCAÇÃO E INCLUSÃO- GIEI:
Authors: Angel Vargas Liliana , Mascarenhas Fernandes Edicléa , Ferreira Orrico Helio
Published: April 2024

.
O DILEMA ENTRE MONA E APA: O CASO DA LAGOA DO PERI
Authors: Junior Oldemar de Oliveira Carvalho , Birolo Alesandra Bez , Schmidt Andreoara , Tosatti Marcelo Antônio , Bacci Elisa Brod
Published: April 2024

A presente Nota Técnica (NT) representa uma proposta alternativa a recategorizarão do Parque Municipal da Lagoa do Peri, no sul da Ilha de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, estado de Santa Catarina. Soma-se a isso, que a categoria de Monumento Natural (MONA) foi colocada sem a possibilidade de discussão de outras opções, o que pode ter afetado profundamente o sentimento e a avaliação geral das comunidades envolvidas. Da mesma forma, há que se considerar, que existem vários trabalhos científicos publicados em jornais peer review que não foram considerados nas discussões do Conselho Consultivo. Esta NT visa resgatar várias das informações existentes ignoradas. É baseada principalmente no capital natural e nos serviços ecossistêmicos do Sistema da Lagoa do Peri, como temas que deveriam estar necessariamente incluídos em qualquer proposta de gestão de áreas protegidas.
The potentials of pregnancy
Authors: Caratela Nabeela , Khan Hussna
Published: April 2024

Nabeela Caratela and Hussna Khan discuss considerations for the dental nurse when it comes to pregnant patients.
Reducing complications
Authors: Ganeswaran Loven
Published: April 2024

Loven Ganeswaran details how to reduce implant complications with improved patient behaviours.
Building strong mental health
Authors: Berry Gayle
Published: April 2024

Gayle Berry, founder of Blosson & Berry, discusses love-based learning and shares tips for engaging the right hemisphere of the brain in the early education and care of babies and infants, in time for Mental Health Awareness Week in May.
‘I want children to be supported to thrive’
Authors: Bryant Jayne
Published: April 2024

In a move which has foregrounded the early years sector, Jayne Bryant was appointed Minister for Mental Health and Early Years to the Welsh Government Cabinet on 21 March 2024. We caught up with her to find out more about her ambitions and what this means for the sector in Wales.
Global Surgical Frontiers
Authors: Lees Vivien
Published: April 2024

Our annual global health conference returns this year
Why humanitarian surgery matters: a tribute to Dr Ahmed Almaqadma
Authors: Marks I , Emodi R
Published: April 2024

Celebrating the life and humanitarian work of Dr Ahmed Almaqadma and why humanitarian surgery should be a key part of all our careers.
The Concept of 'Love' in Transcendent Philosophy: A Comparison between Mullā Ṣadrā and Plato
Authors: Toussi Seyyed Khalil
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT: With a mystico-philosophical approach, using the ontological principles of the transcendent philosophy of Mullā Ṣadrā, this paper attempts to examine a new perspective on the concept of 'love', the most mysterious feeling of the human being. The discussion will focus on ontological and psychological analysis of the concept of love as 'affection of male to female or female to male'. By affection, I mean that romantic feeling that appears in many human beings which is much deeper than parental love or the love between spouses; it reaches a degree at which the lover goes beyond his normal state, loses the ability to eat or sleep, and all his attention is directed to his beloved. The nature of this state comprises one of the main themes of poetry, literature and art in all cultures throughout the history of mankind. It is also examined in philosophy and modern psychology. This paper proposes a novel interpretation of love, contending that it extends beyond mere obsession or spiritual fervour. Rather than solely dominating the minds of lovers or being confined to moments of heightened spirituality, love is portrayed as an existential reality characterised by diverse levels and stages. Much like existence itself, love exhibits multiple dimensions of objectivity, challenging conventional perspectives and offering a more comprehensive understanding of its essence.
Raisins and Nationalism: Revisiting the Greek Vision of Modernization through World's Fairs (1893–1915)
Authors: Balasis Alexandros
Published: April 2024

Abstract: World's fairs organized at the turn of the twentieth century offered glimpses into humanity's aspirations for the future. Since they were primarily a place to promote progress and industrialization, one would expect Greek participation in these exhibitions to follow a similar approach. But the country's presence in the international exhibitions in Chicago (1893), Paris (1900), Brussels (1910), and San Francisco (1915) proves that the groups of prominent academics, technocrats, and business leaders who undertook the organization of Greek participation viewed world's fairs less as platforms to demonstrate industrial advancements and more as sites to promote and reinforce their nationalistic ideals. By exhibiting ancient Greek and Byzantine artifacts, Greece's pavilions sought to connect the modern state with its glorious past and reaffirm its European identity. The organizers' alternative viewpoint on what can represent modernity challenges our understanding of the Greek interpretation of modernization. Contrary to the prevailing notions in Greek historiography that linked modernity exclusively with industrialization, the exhibits displayed by the country abroad prompt a reconsideration of our interpretation of Greek progress, highlighting the influence of the irredentist concept of the Great Idea.