bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spindle Cell Hemangioendothelioma of the Temporal Muscle Resected with Zygomatic Osteotomy: A Case Report of an Unusual Intramuscular Lesion Mimicking Sarcoma
Authors: Minagawa Tomohiro , Yamao Takeshi , Shioya Ryuta
Published: September 2011

Spindle cell hemangioendothelioma (SCH) was originally described by Weiss and Enzinger (1986) as a low-grade angiosarcoma resembling both cavernous hemangioma and Kaposi's sarcoma. Recent studies suggest that SCH is a benign neoplasm or reactive lesion accompanying a congenital or acquired vascular malformation. Most SCHs present as one or more nodules affecting the dermis or subcutis of the distal extremities. Few reports describe SCH of the head and neck region; even fewer note intramuscular SCH. Here, we describe a case of SCH involving the temporal muscle mimicking soft tissue sarcoma, who had a successful surgical treatment with a coronal approach and zygomatic osteotomy.
First Principles Computations of Second-Order Elastic Constants (SOEC) and Equations of State of Rutile
TiO2
Authors: Narejo Ghous , Perger Warren F.
Published: September 2011

First principles computations of second-order elastic constants (SOECs) and bulk moduli (B) are carried out by ELASTCON and equation of state (EOS) programs. Computational results of lattice parameters, elastic constants, and bulk moduli are obtained with a wide variety of potentials and a limited combination of basis sets and are compared with computational and experimental results by other researchers in the field. DFT hybrid potentials provided the best comparison with the experiment.
Development of Artificial Neural-Network-Based Models for the Simulation of Spring Discharge
Authors: Raju M. Mohan , Srivastava R. K. , Bisht Dinesh C. S. , Sharma H. C. , Kumar Anil
Published: September 2011

The present study demonstrates the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) in predicting the weekly spring discharge. The study was based on the weekly spring discharge from a spring located near Ranichauri in Tehri Garhwal district of Uttarakhand, India. Five models were developed for predicting the spring discharge based on a weekly interval using rainfall, evaporation, temperature with a specified lag time. All models were developed both with one and two hidden layers. Each model was developed with many trials by selecting different network architectures and different number of hidden neurons; finally a best predicting model presented against each developed model. The models were trained with three different algorithms, that is, quick-propagation algorithm, batch backpropagation algorithm, and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm using weekly data from 1999 to 2005. A best model for the simulation was selected from the three presented algorithms using the statistical criteria such as correlation coefficient (), determination coefficient, or Nash Sutcliff's efficiency (DC). Finally, optimized number of neurons were considered for the best model. Training and testing results revealed that the models were predicting the weekly spring discharge satisfactorily. Based on these criteria, ANN-based model results in better agreement for the computation of spring discharge. LMR models were also developed in the study, and they also gave good results, but, when compared with the ANN methodology, ANN resulted in better optimized values.
Thymic Hyperplasia after Lung Transplantation Imitating Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder
Authors: Steger Christina Maria , Semsroth Severin , Hager Thomas , Rieker Ralf , Müller Ludwig
Published: September 2011

Thymic hyperplasia is usually associated with the treatment of malignant tumours and is sometimes linked with endocrine diseases. For the first time, we report a case of thymic hyperplasia in a patient 2 years after bilateral lung transplantation. Contrast-enhanced chest CT scan was highly suspicious for a posttransplant lymphoma or thymoma. Therefore, the patient received total thymectomy. Excised specimens were sent to the Department of Pathology. Unexpectedly, the histological examination revealed hyperplastic thymic tissue without evidence for a posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder or malignancy.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Type IV) with Dental Findings in Siblings
Authors: Shetty Shishir Ram , Dsouza Deepa , Babu Subhas , Balan Preethi
Published: September 2011

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a hereditary disorder characterized by increased tendency for bone fractures due to high fragility. The clinical and radiological features of OI manifest in different age groups, although the disease is congenital in nature. Besides bone fragility, features like laxity of the ligaments, blue sclera, growth retardation, and scoliosis are also observed. In severe cases, respiratory distress and death have been reported. The most important oral finding in OI is the presence of yellowish-brown-coloured brittle teeth characteristic of dentinogenesis imperfecta. Genetic factors play a very important role in the pathogenesis of OI either as a dominant or recessive factor. When a child has OI, there is a 25% chance of the sibling to have the same disorder. We report two cases of OI in siblings born to parents with a history of consanguineous marriage. The clinical and radiological features of the two cases are described in detail.
Usefulness of Lymphocyte Stimulation Test for the Diagnosis of Intestinal Cow’s Milk Allergy in Infants
Authors: Kimura Mitsuaki , Oh Shigeharu , Narabayashi Shigeyuki , Taguchi Tomohide
Published: September 2011

Background: Bottle-fed infants sometimes develop intestinal cow’s milk allergy (ICMA). Because cow’s milk-specific IgE antibody (CM-IgE) levels are normal, the lymphocyte stimulation test (LST) has been proposed as an alternative diagnostic test for ICMA. The present study evaluated the diagnostic value of LST in a large number of patients with ICMA in Japan. Methods: Ninety-six infants who developed intestinal symptoms after ingestion of cow’s milk formula and showed remission of symptoms after elimination of this food were enrolled as patients with probable ICMA. Seventy-two subjects with normal CM-IgE levels and a positive result in an oral food challenge test (OFCT) for cow’s milk formula were diagnosed with ICMA. Another 10 infants with normal CM-IgE levels and a negative OFCT result were diagnosed with nonspecific intestinal symptoms (NIS). The status of cell-mediated immunity against cow’s milk proteins was estimated by LST for ĸ-casein. Results: In the 72 patients with ICMA (38 boys and 34 girls), the median age at onset was 9 days. Sixty-two of 72 (86.1%) patients with ICMA tested positive in the LST for ĸ-casein. In contrast, only 2 of the 10 NIS infants tested positive. The incidence of a positive LST result was significantly higher in the ICMA group than in the NIS group (p < 0.0001). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for this test was as high as 0.856. Conclusions: This study strongly suggests that the LST for ĸ-casein is a useful diagnostic test for ICMA.
Associations between Oxidized-Lipoprotein Receptor 1 G501C and 3′-UTR-C188T Polymorphisms and Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cheng Yanmei , Wei Yongjie , Li Wenlong , Chen Jingzhou , Zhang Weili , Hui Rutai , Zhang Zhenting , Dang Aimin
Published: September 2011

Objective: Previous case-control studies have suggested that the variations of the oxidized-lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1) gene (G501C, 3′-UTR-C188T) are associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, other studies have not confirmed this relationship. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between OLR1 variations and CAD. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis. Databases, including PubMed, EMbase, Chinese Biological Medical Literature Database (CBM), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), were searched to obtain genetic association studies. Data were extracted by two authors, and pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI were calculated. Results: The meta-analysis included 8 studies with 4,963 cases and 14,864 controls for 3′-UTR-C188T and 9 studies with 5,660 cases and 15,405 controls for G501C. The pooled OR for 3′-UTR-188T was 1.29 (95% CI 1.05–1.58, p = 0.02) compared to the C allele in the dominant model, and it was 1.38 (95% CI 1.09–1.74, p = 0.007) in the recessive model. The pooled OR for 501C was 0.79 (95% CI 0.57–1.10, p = 0.16) compared to the G allele in the dominant model, and it was 0.86 (95% CI 0.71–1.04, p = 0.12) in the recessive model. No publication bias was found in the present meta-analysis. Conclusion: The synthesis of available evidence supports that OLR1 3′-UTR-188T increases the susceptibility to CAD. However, G501C is not associated with CAD.
Randomized Phase II Study of Two Schedules of Carboplatin and Gemcitabine for Stage IIIB and IV Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (JACCRO LC-01 Study)
Authors: Imamura Fumio , Nishio Makoto , Noro Rintaro , Tsuboi Masahiro , Ikeda Norihiko , Inoue Akira , Ohsaki Yoshinobu , Kimura Yukio , Nishino Kazumi , Uchida Junji , Horai Takeshi
Published: September 2011

Background: Gemcitabine combined with carboplatin (CG) is one of the regimens used widely for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Improvement in its toxicity may result in good clinical outcomes. Methods: A new schedule of gemcitabine and carboplatin (CG8) was compared with the standard one (CG1). Both are 3-weekly regimens, but carboplatin is administered on day 1 in CG1 and on day 8 in CG8. Results: The response rate of CG1 was 29.2%, which was higher than that of CG8 (22.2%). Median survival times in CG1 and CG8 were 348 and 455.5 days, respectively. Grade ≧3 leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and anemia were observed in 56.0, 72.0 and 36.0% of patients with CG1 and in 33.3, 25.9 and 14.8% of patients with CG8, respectively. Whereas grade ≧3 elevation of asparatate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase was seen mainly in CG8, grade ≧3 non-hematologic toxicities such as febrile neutropenia, infection, appetite loss, diarrhea and eruption were observed only in CG1. Conclusion: CG1 is superior in response rate, but CG8 shows improved toxicities and a tendency of prolonged survival.
Problem Profiles of at-Risk Youth in two Service Programs
Authors: Dembo Richard , Briones-Robinson Rhissa , Ungaro Rocío Aracelis , Karas Lora , Gulledge Laura M. , Greenbaum Paul E. , Schmeidler James , Winters Ken C. , Belenko Steven
Published: September 2011

Baseline data collected in two brief intervention projects (BI-Court and Truancy Project) were used to assess similarities and differences in subgroups of at-risk youth. Classifications of these subgroups were based on their psychosocial characteristics (e.g., substance use). Multigroup latent class analysis identified two BI-Court subgroups of youth and three truant subgroups. These classes can be viewed as differing along two dimensions, substance use involvement and emotional and behavioral issues. Equality tests of means across the latent classes for BI-Court and Truancy Project youths found significant differences that were consistent with their problem group classification. These findings highlight the importance of quality assessments and allocating appropriate services on the basis of problem profiles of at-risk youth.
The Informal Sector in Ghana under Siege
Authors: Obeng-Odoom Franklin
Published: September 2011

In order to develop effective policies to improve conditions for people working in the informal sector of the economy, it is crucial to understand how that sector arises, operates, and relates to the state. This article analyses the informal sector in Ghana from this perspective, drawing insight from a wide range of sources such as radio and newspaper accounts to overcome the dearth of official information on the subject. The analysis shows the limits of various approaches that have aimed at revamping the informal sector. It puts the case for a more comprehensive approach to the informal sector than has been evident in previous policies toward the urban economy.
The Urban Precariat, Neoliberalization, and the Soft Power of Humanitarian Design
Authors: Johnson Cedric G.
Published: September 2011

This essay examines the humanitarian design movement's efforts to address the crushing need, social precarity, and ecological frailty that define global megacities. The aims and character of the humanitarian design movement have been shaped by both the ethical demands of antiglobalization struggles and the rise of nongovernmental organizations as a principal means of social service-delivery in the Global South. The emergent humanitarian design movement offers a compelling critique of the failure of mainstream architectural and industrial design practices to address profound human suffering. Champions of humanitarian design, however, offer a technological fix (e.g., life straws, paper log houses, and hippo rollers) for problems rooted in imperial histories and neoliberal restructuring. In failing to address the dynamics of structural underdevelopment, do-good design performs the grassroots ideological work of neoliberalism by promoting market values and autoregulation. Within the humanitarian-corporate complexes, the global poor are construed as objects of elite benevolence and non-profit largesse, rather than as historical subjects possessing their own unique worldviews, interests, and notions of progress. This essay concludes by briefl y sketching an alternative approach to self-determination for the poor where technological development is grounded in egalitarian cultures of anticapitalist social movements.
Nancian virtual doubts about ‘Leformal’ democracy
Authors: Devisch Ignaas
Published: September 2011

French philosopher Jean-Luc Nancy is acting uneasily when it comes to contemporary politics. There is a sort of agitation in his work in relation to this question. At several places we read an appeal to deal thoroughly with this question and ‘ qu’il y a un travail à faire’, that there is still work to do. From the beginning of the 1980s with the ‘Centre de Recherches Philosophiques sur le Politique’ and the two books resulting out of that, until the many, rather short texts he published on this topic during the last years of the century, the question of politics crosses very clearly Nancy’s work. He not only fulminates against the contemporary philosophical ‘content’ with democracy. Instead of defending a political regime, he wants to think the form of politics in the most critical and sceptical way. To Nancy, the worst thing we can do in thinking contemporary politics, is taking it for granted that we know what politics is about today, given the evidence of the global democracy. So to him, we almost have to be at unease when it comes to politics. On the other hand, in thinking contemporary democracy, the work of Claude Lefort is undeniably the main reference. Long before the collapse of the Berlin Wall and the upsurge of an all-too-easy anti-Marxism, Lefort articulated in a nuanced way the formal differences between totalitarianism and democracy. According to Lefort, the specific ‘form’ of democracy is that it never becomes an accomplished and fulfilled form as such. In a certain sense, the only ‘form’ of democracy is formlessness, a form without form. In a democracy, the place of power becomes literally ‘ infigurable’ as Lefort says. Democracy stands for formlessness or the relation to a void. Nancy objects so to say against a ‘Leformal’ conception of democracy – the empty place, the formless, the ‘ infigurable’ or ‘ sans figure’, the ever yet to come. … This conception of democracy would still be caught in the infinite metaphysical, dialectical horizon of immanentism, while it pretends to have already left that horizon behind it, presenting itself as the finite alternative to the infinite totalitarian politics. Democracy as formlessness is indeed no longer based on a metaphysical Idea, Figure, or Truth. We want to clear up the philosophical sky of Nancy’s remarks by confronting them with some thoughts of Lefort.
Artefacts of not-knowing: The medical record, the diagnosis and the production of uncertainty in Papua New Guinean biomedicine
Authors: Street Alice
Published: September 2011

Anthropological and STS scholars of biomedical work have traditionally explored contexts where inconsistencies and lacunas in diagnostic knowledge-production are problematic for medical practitioners, and such scholars have consequently focused on the social and political processes by which such epistemic uncertainties are resolved. This article draws on ethnographic material from a Papua New Guinean hospital where diagnostic uncertainty is not rendered problematic and where the open-endedness of the diagnostic process gives rise to new forms of medical expertise and practice. The paper focuses on the medical record as an artefact of not-knowing that both documents and performs uncertainty as a valuable resource. It shows that medical records can operate as either technologies of ‘opening’ that multiply opportunities for pragmatic action within a hospital space or as technologies of ‘closure’ that move people and documents between spaces. Practices of not-knowing and knowing are therefore shown to be interdependent and interchangeable ‘moments’ of bureaucratic-biomedical work.
A case study on statistical characterization and optimization of coercivity in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles
Authors: Cedeño-Mattei Y , Sánchez-Peña M L , Lara-Rodríguez Y , Perales-Pérez Ó , Cabrera-Ríos M
Published: September 2011

Characterization and optimization of material properties during synthesis and processing are frequent problems in materials science and engineering. In the present paper, the use of design of experiments (DOE) to characterize and improve coercivity in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles is described. The sequence of experiments was planned to capitalize on previous experimental runs available. Emphasis is placed on the rationale for choosing the additional runs. The results reveal that the choice of an adequate initial experimental design can save effort and resources in arriving at useful conclusions upon which subsequent experimental runs can be planned, capitalizing on the initial experimental structure. A region with attractive solutions in terms of coercivity, including a local maximum, was identified through the experimental sequences described in this case study.
An analysis of the metabolic syndrome phenotype in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Parker B , Ahmad Y , Shelmerdine J , Edlin H , Yates AP , Teh L-S , Bruce IN
Published: September 2011

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) not fully explained by classic risk factors. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increased risk of CHD in the general population and whilst its prevalence is increased in SLE, its phenotypic expression may differ. We studied 200 women with SLE and 100 controls and compared the prevalence of MetS and its individual components. We examined whether any SLE features were associated with MetS and whether MetS in SLE patients was associated with carotid plaque. Patients with SLE were more likely to meet the MetS criteria (age-adjusted OR 2.1 (1.1–3.8)). However, this was not due to increased central obesity (median waist circumference 84 cm vs. 82 cm, p = 0.65) but rather increased prevalence of hypertension ( p <0.01) and low HDL-cholesterol ( p = 0.01). In a multivariable analysis, age, disease duration, low complement C3 and corticosteroid use ever, were associated with the presence of MetS in SLE. Overall MetS was not associated with the presence of carotid plaque in either SLE or controls. We have shown that MetS is more prevalent in SLE, but the lupus-MetS phenotype reflects risk factor changes driven by disease activity and steroid exposure, rather than obesity. Reliance on clinical measures of central obesity to consider MetS in SLE is not reliable and continued attention to individual CHD risk factors is recommended.
Globalizing Management Education
Authors: Dayal Ishwar
Published: September 2011

Many employers and academics in the West and in India have been critical of education in management. The programme has become outdated and the research is esoteric. They have become irrelevant. Recent traumatic experience of economic meltdown and globalization has heightened the criticism. Many of the highly rated business schools in USA and Europe have responded to the criticism and met the demands of the emerging environment by near total reorientation of their academic inputs, teaching schedules and methodology. This article reflects on the nature of requirements of global operations and the implications of these for management education. Globalization of management education has to be based on different conceptual base than the one underlying in most existing programmes in Indian and many other developing countries. The subject titles of many courses may be the same as before, but the inputs and learning methodology needs near total reorientation. Merely adding a course in a subject with international title, as done in many institutions, does not make education global. There has to be greater and deeper study of macro environment, creativity, individual and collective leadership capabilities and personal competence on the part of individuals who enter work organizations. Based on research in India, the article identified the essential inputs required to develop a learning climate among students.
Thermodynamically based multiphysic modeling of ionic polymer metal composites
Authors: Nardinocchi Paola , Pezzulla Matteo , Placidi Luca
Published: September 2011

The modeling of the complex response of the IPMC-like body to electrical and mechanical stimuli is set within the context of the 3-D theory of linear elasticity. A field of chemically induced distortions is included in the model; these mechanical distortions and the derivation of the final PDE equations of the multiphysics problem are thermodynamically consistent. Some results of the numerical experiments are revisited through an original analysis of the stress distribution along the IPMC-like body.
Analysis of energy harvesters for highway bridges
Authors: Ali S. F. , Friswell M. I. , Adhikari S.
Published: September 2011

This article investigates the possibility of piezoelectric energy harvesters as energy scavenging devices in highway bridges. The structural vibration due to the motion of a load (vehicle) on the bridge is considered as the source of energy generation for the harvester. The energy generated in this way can be useful for wireless sensor networks for structural health monitoring of bridges by reducing or even eliminating the need for battery replacement/recharging. A highway bridge model with a moving point load is investigated and a linear single-degree-of-freedom model is used for the piezoelectric energy harvester. Two types of harvesters, namely, the harvesting circuit with and without an inductor, have been considered and the energy generated for a single vehicle has been estimated. These results may be used, together with traffic statistics, to obtain the variation of average power and thus, for a given application, help to design the energy management system.
The tension between dialogicality and interobjectivity in cooperative activities
Authors: Talamo Alessandra , Pozzi Simone
Published: September 2011

The context of a vocational e-learning project is used to explore the relation between dialogicality, intersubjectivity, and interobjectivity. By means of narrative analysis, we show that human mediation is sometimes directed outwards (interobjectivity) and sometimes directed inwards (intersubjectivity). Some interactions are closer to the intersubjectivity polarity because participants focus on a shared understanding of the world, whereas others are oriented to the interobjectivity polarity because subjects direct their efforts to what is shared ‘‘out there in the world.’’ We claim that this positioning between the two polarities influences the type of interaction occurring between the subjects. Whenever subjects engage in dialogical interactions, where the other’s collaboration is sought to redefine a shared understanding of the present state of the activity, the intersubjective polarity is put in place. In contrast, when the other’s position takes on an instrumental function, the interobjectivity polarity is chosen.
Analysing trajectories of professional learning in changing workplaces
Authors: Daniels Harry
Published: September 2011

In order to study the mutual shaping of action and institutional setting there is a need for a method of analysing data which provides a window on the contingent and sequential emergence of new ways of thinking and speaking in specific institutional contexts. This paper addresses this challenge through a consideration of the developments that were made during a 4-year study of professional learning in settings which were subject to new legal requirements for multiagency working in children’s services in England.
Exercise attenuates the premature cardiovascular aging effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Huebschmann Amy G , Kohrt Wendy M , Regensteiner Judy G
Published: September 2011

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is an example of a disease process that results in decrements in function additional to those imposed by the inexorable ‘primary aging’ process. These decrements due to disease, rather than primary aging, can be termed ‘secondary aging’, and include the premature development (as early as adolescence) of asymptomatic preclinical cardiovascular abnormalities (e.g. endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, diastolic dysfunction), as well as impaired exercise performance. These abnormalities are important, as they are associated with greater cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in people with and without T2D. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of secondary cardiovascular aging in people with T2D is warranted, and an evaluation of the benefits of existing treatments for these abnormalities is useful (e.g. exercise training). The focus of this review is to discuss the data relevant to the following key postulates: (a) T2D causes premature cardiovascular aging; (b) in contrast to primary cardiovascular aging, the premature cardiovascular aging of T2D may be modifiable with exercise. The exercise-focused perspective for this review is appropriate because impairments in exercise performance are markers of premature cardiovascular aging in T2D, and also because exercise training shows promise to attenuate some aspects of cardiovascular aging during the preclinical stage.
Income differences in stroke mortality: A 12-year follow-up study of the Swedish working population
Authors: Toivanen Susanna
Published: September 2011

Aims: This study explored the association between income and stroke mortality in the total working population in Sweden and examined whether the associations differ by gender or for stroke subtypes intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) or brain infarction (BI). Methods: This was a register-based study among nearly 3 million working women and men (30–64 years in 1990) with a 12-year follow up (1991–2002) for mortality from stroke (4886 deaths). Income was measured as annual registered income from work in 1990. Gender-specific Cox regressions were applied with adjustments for sociodemographic covariates. Results: The age-adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of lowest versus highest income quartile was 1.80 (1.48−2.19) for any stroke, 1.68 (1.29−2.17) for ICH and 2.23 (1.53−3.22) for BI in women, and the corresponding figures for men were 2.12 (1.92−2.34), 2.02 (1.77−2.31), and 2.09 (1.77−2.46). Adjustment for covariates attenuated these associations to 1.69 (1.33−2.15) for any stroke and 1.56 (1.14−2.14) for ICH in women and to 1.98 (1.74−2.24) for any stroke and 1.77 (1.44−2.19) for BI in men. In contrast, adjustment for covariates amplified the estimates to 2.36 (1.52−3.66) for BI in women and to 2.05 (1.73−2.44) for ICH in men. Conclusions:Risk of stroke mortality was highest in the lowest income group, with a gradient for the intermediate groups, in both women and men. The risk of mortality from BI was highest in women with the lowest income and the risk of ICH was highest in men with the lowest income.
Health-related risk factors for disability pensions due to musculoskeletal diagnoses: A 30-year Finnish twin cohort study
Authors: Ropponen Annina , Silventoinen Karri , Svedberg Pia , Alexanderson Kristina , Koskenvuo Karoliina , Huunan-Seppälä Antti , Koskenvuo Markku , Kaprio Jaakko
Published: September 2011

Aims: There is a need to better understand work incapacity due to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and the factors that contribute to being granted disability pension (DP) with such disorders. A twin cohort study would serve a powerful tool responding to this knowledge gap by providing information on factors affecting DP when controlling for family background. The purpose was to investigate the incidence of and risk factors for DP due to any MSD ( n = 1,819) and specifically due to osteoarthritis (OA, n = 677) in a twin cohort of 24,043 people over a 30-year follow-up. Methods: Data on twin pairs from a mailed questionnaire during the baseline year of 1975 were followed up with register data regarding DP, emigration, old-age pension, and death. For statistical analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard ratios were estimated. Results: Baseline musculoskeletal pain, frequency of use of analgesics, body mass index, and chronic diseases, as well as education and social class were significant risk factors for DP due to MSD at follow-up in both sexes. These factors were also the significant predictors of DP due to OA in men. In women, DP due to OA was best predicted by baseline musculoskeletal pain and lower social class. Conclusions: The risk of DP due to MSD and OA seemed to be influenced by comorbidities, educational level and social class. Analyses of twin pairs discordant for DP confirmed the results. Accumulated health problems and chronic conditions during the life course may lead to permanent work incapacity.
Using Mixed Methods to Analyze Video Data
Authors: DeCuir-Gunby Jessica T. , Marshall Patricia L. , McCulloch Allison W.
Published: September 2011

This article uses data from 65 teachers participating in a K-2 mathematics professional development research project as an example of how to analyze video recordings of teachers’ classroom lessons using mixed methods. Through their discussion, the authors demonstrate how using a mixed methods approach to classroom video analysis allows researchers to draw more comprehensive conclusions about participants both collectively and individually. Implications for using a mixed methods approach to analyze classroom video research are provided.
The 2011 Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement: an economic impact assessment of the EU’s proposed pharmaceutical intellectual property provisions
Authors: Grootendorst P , Hollis A
Published: September 2011

Canada and the European Union (EU) are currently negotiating a comprehensive economic and trade agreement. This study examines how the proposed EU language in the draft negotiating text would affect the pharmaceutical market in Canada. Our key finding is that the EU proposals will considerably lengthen the period of exclusivity for innovative drugs in Canada, so that Canada would have the most extensive structural protection of innovative drugs of any country in the world. Payers – consumers, businesses, unions, and government insurers – would face substantially higher drug costs as exclusivity is extended on top-selling prescription drugs, with the annual increase in costs likely to be about $2.8 billion per year. The EU proposals would lead to an average extension of pharmaceutical exclusivity likely to be over 2 years. The purpose of exclusivity rights granted to innovators is to create an incentive for research and development investments into new drugs. However, the amount of additional investment in pharmaceutical innovation that would result from the implementation of the EU’s proposed pharmaceutical intellectual property provisions would likely be a small fraction of the additional costs to Canadians.
Divorce and Death
Authors: Sbarra David A. , Law Rita W. , Portley Robert M.
Published: September 2011

Divorce is a relatively common stressful life event that is purported to increase risk for all-cause mortality. One problem in the literature on divorce and health is that it is fragmented and spread across many disciplines; most prospective studies of mortality are based in epidemiology and sociology, whereas most mechanistic studies are based in psychology. This review integrates research on divorce and death via meta-analysis and outlines a research agenda for better understanding the potential mechanisms linking marital dissolution and risk for all-cause mortality. Random effects meta-analysis with a sample of 32 prospective studies (involving more than 6.5 million people, 160,000 deaths, and over 755,000 divorces in 11 different countries) revealed a significant increase in risk for early death among separated/divorced adults in comparison to their married counterparts. Men and younger adults evidenced significantly greater risk for early death following marital separation/divorce than did women and older adults. Quantification of the overall effect size linking marital separation/divorce to risk for early death reveals a number of important research questions, and this article discusses what remains to be learned about four plausible mechanisms of action: social selection, resource disruptions, changes in health behaviors, and chronic psychological distress.
Interventions and Models of Their Delivery to Reduce the Burden of Mental Illness
Authors: Kazdin Alan E. , Blase Stacey L.
Published: September 2011

Our article in the January issue of Perspectives on Psychological Science (Kazdin & Blase, 2011) recommended developing a portfolio of models to deliver psychotherapeutic interventions with the goals of reaching a larger and more diverse segment of the population in need of mental health services and reducing the burden of mental illness. The commentaries offer several novel extensions to advance the goals. Among the topics raised in the commentaries are the role of moderating influences, the importance of a public health model for intervention research and application, the need to organize and manage our knowledge base and current treatments more effectively, the potential utility of priming-based interventions, the importance of cost measures, and novel applications to extend treatment broadly to veterans in need of services. The commentaries stimulated additional points to address the original goals including the utility of identifying interventions (e.g., lifestyle changes) that can reach many people in need and that can have broad outcome effects on mental and physical health, the importance of “disruptive innovations” (i.e., innovations that qualitatively change the nature of what and how services are delivered) from a business perspective, and the need for improved assessment to track the burden of mental illness in an ongoing way and to evaluate subgroups not being reached with our current interventions.
Rebooting for Whom?
Authors: Shoham Varda , Insel Thomas R.
Published: September 2011

We share Kazdin and Blase’s (2011) sense of urgency about finding better ways to reduce the burden of mental illness. Although effective psychosocial treatments exist, they do not often reach the patients who need them most. Kazdin and Blase’s portfolio approach aims to cast a wider net through increased use of technology, media, self-help, nonprofessional providers, and collaborations with other disciplines. It is unclear, however, whether reaching more people would suffice to reduce the burden of mental illness, much less offset the small effect sizes of simplified, scaled-down interventions such a portfolio approach would likely entail. We focus here on an underdeveloped theme in Kazdin and Blase’s essay—that bending the curve of mental illness will require better knowledge of for whom simplified intervention and prevention strategies will suffice and for whom more intensive intervention is necessary. Such “for whom” questions deserve a central place on the national research agenda as we move toward individualized or personalized health care. In the absence of such knowledge, we risk treatment decisions guided by accessibility to resources rather than patient needs—the very problem Kazdin and Blase aim to solve.
The molecular biology of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Frick Mareike , Dörken Bernd , Lenz Georg
Published: September 2011

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents the most common type of malignant lymphoma. In the last few years, significant progress has been achieved in the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of this entity. Gene expression profiling has identified three molecular DLBCL subtypes, termed germinal-center B-cell-like (GCB) DLBCL, activated B-cell-like (ABC) DLBCL, and primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL). In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the biology of these DLBCL subtypes with a special emphasis on novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Laparoscopic resection of a lymphangiomatous cyst of the colon: a case report
Authors: Hoffmann Jonas , Kirschniak Andreas , Scharf Gregor , von Feilitzsch Maximilian , Königsrainer Alfred , Zdichavsky Marty
Published: September 2011

Introduction

Lymphangiomatous cysts are submucosal masses that are rarely found in the gastrointestinal tract and more often in the neck, oral cavity, and skin. These cysts are benign tumors and mostly clinically silent. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding. Their pathogenesis remains unclear.

Case presentation

During a routine ultrasound examination of a Caucasian 25-year-old woman, a structure that raised our suspicions of an ovarian cyst was found. MRI showed a 4.5 cm cystic lesion in the cecal region. Laparoscopic exploration revealed unexpected contact with the ascending colon. The cyst, including its base and of portion of the colon, was resected laparoscopically. The histological examination revealed cystic lymphangioma.

Conclusion

Lymphangiomatous cysts of the colon are very rare lesions. Although their pathology is benign, the recommended treatment is resection, which can be performed with minimal invasiveness.
The Illusory Effects of Saving Incentives on Saving
Authors: Engen Eric M , Gale William G , Scholz John Karl
Published: September 2011

The authors evaluate research on how tax-based saving incentives (IRAs and 401(k)s) affect saving. Previous research overstates the impact of the incentives on saving by failing to account for several issues: households with saving incentives have stronger tastes for saving than others; saving incentives have interacted with debt, nonfinancial assets, financial markets, and pensions; and saving incentives represent pretax balances, whereas taxable accounts represent posttax balances. Accounting for these issues essentially eliminates the impact of saving incentives on saving. The authors conclude that little if any of the contributions to existing saving incentives have raised saving.
New insights into adipose tissue dysfunction in insulin resistance
Authors: Mlinar Barbara , Marc Janja
Published: September 2011

In a state of caloric excess, adipose tissue plays an essential role by storing lipids. Its expandability determines the onset of metabolic syndrome (central obesity, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance and hypertension). When the adipocyte endoplasmic reticulum is no longer capable of processing the excess nutrients, the so-called “endoplasmic reticulum stress” develops. This triggers efflux of free fatty acids from adipocytes into the circulation and causes triglyceride overload in skeletal muscle, liver and pancreas. Adipose tissue hypoxia then develops, due to the failure of vasculature to expand with adipocyte hypertrophy. Increased catabolism in mitochondria leads there to oxidative stress. Both phenomena cause deranged adipokine secretion and low-grade inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species and ectopic lipid deposition are the main mediators of insulin resistance and vascular impairment, which both lead finally to diabetes type 2 and cardiovascular disease. Recently, fibrosis of adipose tissue was also demonstrated in obesity, contributing to the interplay of deleterious factors forcing inflammation. The present paper reviews recent evidence for adipose tissue dysfunction, trying to define causes and consequences. In conclusion, insulin resistance and associated complications originate from excess lipids, which cannot be stored without limit in adipose tissue, thus affecting its integrity and adipokine secretion.
A «Suaso»
Authors: Pariente Ángel
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
El problema de los dialectos dóricos y noroccidentales
Authors: López Eire Antonio , Méndez Dosuna Julián
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Meteorología clásica en imágenes de la última época de la Antigüedad, ilustrada con ejemplos sacados de Gregorio Nacianceno
Authors: Kertsch Manfred
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Un lema a revisar en Plinio, NH XXXII 149
Authors: Baltar Veloso Ramón
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
«Nerites»: contribución al estudio de la mitología marina de la antigua Grecia
Authors: Bermejo Barrera José Carlos
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Doceat mortuus uiuos: in quest of Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff
Authors: Calder III William M.
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Nota adicional a «Emerita» 47, 1979, p. 345, en relación con pedum
Authors: Pariente Ángel
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Las formas de gerundio y gerundivo
Authors: Pariente Ángel
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
El paisaje lingüístico de Diógenes de Enoanda y san Agustín. Intento de corrección de texto
Authors: Gangutia Elícegui Elvira
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Crítica textual y estilo: nota a Farsalia I 254
Authors: Holgado Redondo Antonio
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Del ático a la koiné
Authors: López Eire A.
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Deux conceptions de la connaissance dans les Academica priora
Authors: Wiśniewski Bohdan
Published: September 2011

No disponible.

[fr] À partir des opinions exprimées par Lucullus et par Cicéron dans les Academica priora, l’auteur se propose de démontrer que le premier des deux personnages représente la philosophie des valeurs de Protagoras, étant donné qu’il ne reconnaît qu’un seul genre de connaissance subjective et relative. Cicéron, par contre, admet deux genres de connaissance: l’une, qu’il considère vraie, appuyée sur le savoir scientifique et l’autre, la connaissance probable, valable pour l’activité quotidienne. L’auteur démontre que la double théorie épistémologique de Cicéron a des dettes envers Philon de Larisse, qui occupe une position intermédiaire entre le scepticisme de Carnéades et le dogmatisme d’Antiochos d’Ascalon.
Tra monoptota e aptota: un capitolo de storia della linguistica antica
Authors: Murru Furio
Published: September 2011

No disponible.

[fr]L'auteur étudie les rapports existants entre les deux termes aptota et monoptota employés par les grammairiens anciens, en souligne les aspects théoriques et en donne des exemples. On pourrait dire que les acceptions particulières des monoptota et des aptota ne sont pas du tout claires, ni distinctes, au point qu'elles sont quelquefois confondues. Le problème est compliqué par des grammairiens utilisant les termes indeclinabilis et ἄκλιτα.
La religión griega: estado de la cuestión
Authors: Alsina José
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Más sobre la fábula de la golondrina
Authors: Adrados Francisco R.
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
La omisión de Ez. 36, 23b-28 y la transposición de capítulos en el papiro 967
Authors: Spottorno María Victoria
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Καθαρός, ἁγνός, ἀεικής: algunas correcciones a los léxicos desde el punto de vista de la semántica estructural
Authors: De Bock Cano Leonor
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Die psychologischen motive für die Entstehung der Oidipus-Gestalt
Authors: Pötscher Walter
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
El símil de la épica (Ilíada, Odisea, Eneida)
Authors: Segura Ramos Bartolomé
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
El singular nacimiento de Erictonio
Authors: Miralles Carlos
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Dextrator
Authors: Pérez Castro Lois C.
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
La tésera celtibérica de Uxama. Rectificación de su lectura
Authors: García Merino C. , Albertos Firmat M.ª L.
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Una nueva pequeña tésera celtibérica
Authors: Tovar Antonio
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
En torno a la clasificación dialectal del panfilio
Authors: López Eire Antonio , Lillo Alcaraz A.
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Satiric plotting in Seneca’s Apocolocyntosis
Authors: Motto Anna Lydia , Clark John R.
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Un fragmento de Estratis
Authors: Bernabé Alberto , Ropero Ángela
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
The unfaithful’s «flight» to another love (Aristoph. Eccl. 895-899)
Authors: Cavallini Eleonora
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Orden de palabras en hebreo, griego, latín y romanceamiento castellano medieval de Joel (II)
Authors: García de la Fuente Olegario
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Sobre los períodos de la vida humana en la lírica arcaica y la tragedia griega (II)
Authors: Vílchez Mercedes
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Notas de filología micénica, III: el silabograma *86
Authors: Melena José L.
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Ambigüedad semántica y gramatical en Sófocles
Authors: Vara José
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Una clasificación de los adjetivos en griego
Authors: Crespo Emilio
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Rome, Saguntum and the Ebro Treaty
Authors: Eckstein A. M.
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
The Song of Iopas (II)
Authors: Kinsey T. E.
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
The Indo-european verbal suffix *-sk-
Authors: Shields Kenneth
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Observaciones sobre la pretendida evolución ε > α y la flexión de los sustantivos en -εύς en el dialecto eleo
Authors: Méndez Dosuna Julián
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Léxico y uariatio en el Corpus Priapeorum
Authors: Moreno Cartelle Enrique
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
Caída de s en griego antiguo y fenómenos concomitantes
Authors: Vara J.
Published: September 2011

No disponible.
En torno a la lengua del Corpus Hippocraticum
Authors: López Eire A.
Published: September 2011

No disponible.