bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mutagenic Potential of Ethanolic Extract of Moringa oleifera leaves by AMES Salmonella Microsome Mutagenicity Assay
Authors: Ashraf Moneeb
Published: January 2021

.
Knowledge, Attitude and Breastfeeding practices of Mothers of Infants: An Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore
Authors: Jamil Maryam
Published: January 2021

.
Comparative Antibacterial Study of Oenothera biennis Seed Extract with Methicillin and Cefoxitin Against Staphylococcus aureus in Vitro
Authors: Errum Anila
Published: January 2021

.
Characteristics of Stammering in Young Adults; A Comparison between Native and Foreign Languages
Authors: Sikandar Mirza Zeeshan
Published: January 2021

.
Comparison of Uric Acid Levels in Normotensive Pregnant Women and Women with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
Authors: Mukhtar Farhana
Published: January 2021

.
Effect of Spearmint Leaf Extract on Crown Rump Length of Pups of Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Zulfiqar Asma
Published: January 2021

.
Comparative Study of the Cardiovascular Effects of Oral Hypoglycemics When Given Alone or in Combination: An In-Vitro Analysis
Authors: Bhatti Abdul Shabbir Ali
Published: January 2021

.
Ajwa Dates Ameliorate Myocardial Toxicities Induced by Clozapine in Rats
Authors: Khan Faiza
Published: January 2021

.
Frequency of Congenital Fetal Anomalies and Associated Risk Factors Among Patients of the Radiology Department of Frontier Medical and Dental College Abbottabad
Authors: Rehan Nosheen
Published: January 2021

.
Gender Disparity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Metastatic Adenocarcinoma; A Survey Report
Authors: Haque Samira
Published: January 2021

.
Comparative Mutagenic Potential of Anti-Influenza Drugs using AMES Salmonella / Microsome mutagenicity Assay
Authors: Ashraf Moneeb
Published: January 2021

.
Association of low serum vitamin D with varying degrees of myopia in students of FJMU
Authors: Naveed Sana
Published: January 2021

...
Association of serum ferritin level with the development of CKD in diabetic patients
Authors: Siddiqui Rafiq Ahmad
Published: January 2021

.
Seraprevalence of varicella zoster virus immunoglobin G among Asymptomatic healthcare workers
Authors: Zafar Saira
Published: January 2021

.
Association between blood groups and myopia among medical students of Fatimah Jinnah Medical University
Authors: Sana Shazo
Published: January 2021

.
Prophylactic role of curcumin against tubular astrophy caused by aspirin in kidneys of adult albino female rats
Authors: Amjad Saba
Published: January 2021

.
Frequency of Mucocutaneous Manifestations of Asthma in Paediatric Patients Aged 2-14 Years
Authors: Riaz Lubna
Published: January 2021

.
Frequency of Hyperprolactinemia in PCOS and its
Association with Female Infertility
Authors: Rehman Anam
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Infertility is a critical health concern partially due to intricacy in its causes and striving for its
prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Various researches have documented a close linkage between polycystic
ovary syndrome and hyperprolactinemia. Aims & Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the
frequency of hyperprolactinemia in PCOS and its association with infertility in PCOS subjects. Place and
duration of study: It was a cross sectional study, conducted during April 2017 and September 2017 at Aziz
Fatimah Hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Material & Methods: It was a cross sectional study which was
conducted at Aziz Fatimah Hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan from April to September 2017. This study
comprised of 88 female subjects of 17-35 years old who included PCOS subjects and age matched controls.
Hyperprolactinemia was assessed by the measurement of serum prolactin levels which were measured by
chemiluminescence immunoassay technique (CLIA). SPSS version 22 was used for the statistical analysis of
the data. Results: Out of total 88 female participants, 61.4% of polycystic ovary syndrome subjects had
hyperprolactinemia as compared to this 36.4% of controls had hyperprolactinemia. Pearson correlation also
revealed significant positive association of hyperprolactinemia with infertility. Conclusion:
Hyperprolactinemia was frequently seen in polycystic ovary syndrome females as well as raised BMI was
also found. Raised prolactin levels are strongly associated with female infertility.
Key words: Hyperprolactinemia, Infertilty, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Trends in Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices and
Factors Affecting Mothers in Suburbs of Lahore
Authors: Usman Shehla
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Breast feeding has no match as a nutritional resource during the first six months for an infant,
necessary for the health of both mother and infant. In past, Pakistan had worst breast feeding rates and despite
efforts to promote breast feeding, situation is not satisfactory. Aims & Objectives: Our aim was to determine
the frequency of mothers having exclusive breast feeding practices and finding various factors which may
affect trends of exclusive breast feeding practices, in rural areas of Lahore. Place and duration of study:
This study was done during May 2018 to October 2018 at Chaudhary Muhammad Akram Teaching Hospital.
Material & Methods: In this cross sectional study, 254 mothers were interviewed directly and predesigned
questionnaire was filled, through non probability consecutive sampling. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20.
Post stratification chi square test was applied. Results: Only 34.3 percent mothers were found to practice
exclusive breast feed till 6 months of infant age, 93 percent mothers were of age<35 years, mean age 26.6
years and SD±4.9. Only 3.5% initiate breast feeding within an hour of birth. Chi square test revealed
association between exclusive breast feed with insufficient breast milk, initiation time of breast feed and early
cessation of breast feed (p<0.05). Conclusion: Declining rates of breast feeding creates an alarming situation
and suggests to make more aggressive efforts for promotion of breast feeding the infants.
Key words: breast feed, insufficient feed, prlecteal feed
Association of Health Literacy and Glycemic Control in Type-2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Hashmi Hala Bashir
Published: January 2021

.
Multiple Cranial Nerve Palsies, Without Definitive
Brain Lesion. Rare Case of Plasma Cell Myeloma
Authors: Siddiqui Uzma Nasim
Published: January 2021

Plasma cell myeloma rarely presents with neurological symptoms, and if this happens then cause is usually
plasmacytoma. This is a very rare case to be presented as multiple cranial nerve palsies, unusual presentation
of plasma cell myeloma without involvement of organic brain lesion in literature to date.
A 70 years old gentleman having ESRD, was received with diplopia, deviation of angle of mouth, on and off
chest pain. Investigations ruled out stroke, cardiac event, autoimmune process or any other possible cause of
cranial nerve palsies. Diagnosis of multiple myeloma was confirmed by immune electrophoresis which
showed monoclonal gammopathy, punched out lytic lesions were found on skeletal scurvy and later
confirmation was done by bone marrow biopsy for the presence of plasma cell myeloma.
Key words: plasma cell myeloma, cranial nerve palsies
Antidiabetic and Antinephropathic Potential of Ajwa Pit & Pulp (Phoenix dactylifera) in Alloxanized Diabetic Rats
Authors: Butt Imran Maqsood
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Generally in the world, diabetes is the most significant cause of deaths and morbidity. Blood glucose lowering agents possess remarkable adverse effects like weight gain and hypoglycemia and thus hindering the achievement of glycemic control. Since earliest times till today, herbal preparations have been utilized for management of diabetes and its complications.

Aims & Objectives: To investigate antihyperglycemic and nephroprotective effects of Ajwa pit and pulp in alloxanized - diabetic and nephropathic rats.

Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore for the duration of four weeks.

Material & Methods: Adult male rats (weighing 120-150 g), total of 32 were purchased and divided into 4 groups. The group1 was normal control whereas group2 was diabetic control. Diabetes was induced in groups 2, 3 and 4 with 150mg/kg single alloxan monohydrate1.P Injection. Groups 3 and 4 were given Ajwa pit and pulp rations for 4 weeks. Blood and urine samples were taken on zero and 4 weeks for fasting blood glucose, serum and urine biochemical variables for renal functions.

Results: The results revealed that Ajwa pits significantly decreased serum levels of glucose (252±60 vs. 348±67 mg/dl), serum urea (38±7.0 vs. 63±9.6 mg/dl), serum creatinine (0.39±0.1 vs. 0.58±0.1 mg/dl) and microalbuminuria marker (7.8±1.7 vs. 9.0±2.2mg/l). Moreover it improved urine creatinine (14.0±2.9 vs.10.0±2.7 mg/dl) and creatinine clearance (0.226±0.08 vs 0.117±0.04 ml/min) when compared to diabetic control rats. Effect of Ajwa pulp was far less than Ajwa pit. Ajwa pulp did not significantly decrease serum levels of glucose (290±60 vs. 348±67 mg/dl), urea (51±9.5 vs. 63±9.6 mg/dl), creatinine (0.66±0.2 vs. 0.58±0.1 mg/dl) and microalbuminuria marker (8.3±2.0 vs. 9.0±2.2mg/l). Also there was no improvement in urine creatinine (11.1±1.6 vs. 10.0±2.7 mg/dl) and creatinine clearance (0.130±0.05 vs 0.117±0.04 ml/min) levels when compared to diabetic control rats.

Conclusion: Ajwa pit possesses strong antihyperglycemic and protective effect in renal damage by prolonged diabetes mellitus. Highest polyphenols, bioflavonoids and antioxidants are presumed to be responsible for this effect.
Prophylactic Gastric Histopathological Evaluation of Fluvoxamine and Mirtazapine in Aspirin Induced Rat Model
Authors: Bhatti Maira
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Depression is a mood disorder characterized by emotional dysregulation that causes distress in patients. It has strong association with peptic ulcer due to the underlying factor, stress, involved in its pathogenesis. The increased usage of NSAIDS and associated peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in depressive patients has raised concerns. Standard treatment is with PPIs like omeprazole Antiulcer effect of antidepressants fluvoxamine and mirtazapine was investigated in our previous research work by comparing the gastric glutathione and PGE2 levels in aspirin induced ulcer in rats.

Aims & Objectives: The current research aimed to comparatively evaluate the histopathological changes caused by fluvoxamine, mirtazapine vs omeprazole in gastric antral tissue by using aspirin.

Place and duration of study: A cross sectional analytical research of one month duration was conducted in Federal Postgraduate Medical Institute, Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore.

Material & Methods: Five groups of Albino rats with each group comprising of ten animals, were used. Group A received aspirin only as a single dose of 400mg/kg via nasogastric tube. Groups B, C, D and E received through oral route prophylactically and in single dose omeprazole 20mg/kg, fluvoxamine 100mg/kg, fluvoxamine 200mg/kg and mirtazapine 60mg/kg respectively. Ulceration was induced with aspirin in groups B to E after forty five minutes. Four hours after administration of aspirin all the rat groups were killed by thiopentol 50mg/kg intraperitoneally. Antral ulcerated tissue was taken and kept in 10% formalin. Comparison was made for ulcers, necrosis, cellular infiltration, congestion.

Results: Upon sacrificing a histopathological analysis of gastric mucosa revealed that in group A (aspirin treated only) all animals had ulceration with necrosis, 70% were of severe nature while 80% had severe cellular infiltration and congestion. In comparison mild ulceration was noted in 70% of animals in Group C (fluvoxamine 100mg/kg), 20% in group E (mirtazapine 60mg/kg) and none in group B (omeprazole20mg/kg) and D (fluvoxamine 200mg/kg) and no necrosis. However all animals in groups B, C, D and E had mild cellular infiltration and congestion.

Conclusion: Rat gastric histological analysis revealed significant prophylactic gastroprotective ability of 200mg/kg fluvoxamine and lesser in 100mg/kg fluvoxamine and 60mg/kgmirtazapine versus 20mg/kg omeprazole in aspirin induced damage.
Effect of Cucumis melo Seeds and Allopurinol on Litholytic and Renal Histological Profile in Male Rats
Authors: Suhail Bushra
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Kidney stones are the 3rd major health problem affecting the urological system. Industrial chemical ethylene glycol can generate calcium oxalate crystals in kidneys. Allopurinol has been used to treat the hyperuricemia but can be effective against calcium oxalate kidney stones too. Seeds of Cucumis melo were traditionally utilized as antioxidant and diuretic, so can be studied as litholytic agent against stones as well.

Aims & Objectives: To assess and compare the litholytic effect of ethanolic extract of Cucumis melo seeds against ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis with allopurinol in rats.

Place and Duration of study: This experimental study was conducted in Pharmacology Department of FPGMI, Lahore for the period of 2 months.

Material & Methods: Four groups of 10 rats in each group were made. Calcium oxalate urinary stones were induced by 0.75% ethylene glycol for 28 days in male rats. Groups 1&2 served as negative and positive control while experimental groups 3&4 received Allopurinol 50mg/kg and Cucumis melo seed’s ethanolic extract (EECMS) in dose of 400mg/kg from 15th day to 28th day respectively. At the end of study, kidney weight, urinary calcium, oxalate and phosphorus along with histological examination of kidneys were used as measuring criteria of litholytic effect of seeds of Cucumis melo and was compared to allopurinol. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 & presented in mean±s.d .Post-hoc Tukey’s test and ANOVA were used for comparison between data groups

Results: After 13 days of treatment experimental groups Groups 3 (Allopurinol 50mg/kg) and 4 (EECMS 400mg/kg) showed remarkable decreased mean urinary calcium, oxalate, phosphorus levels( mg/dl) and kidney weights(gm) of urinary calcium(10.55±1.53, 8.28±1.42), oxalate (18.3±0.78, 17.58±1.38), phosphorus (4.3±0.85, 3.59±1.49) and reduced kidney weights(1.43±0.22, 1.37±0.29) respectively(p value <0.001) as compared to diseased control group 2. Thus exhibiting Cucumis melo seed’s ethanolic extract has better litholytic role than allopurinol which also proved to be efficacious. Histopathological examination of kidney also showed dissolution of calcium oxalate stones.

Conclusion: Seeds of Cucumis melo extract have better litholytic effect on calcium oxalate kidney stones than allopurinol with improvement noted in the renal histological profile.
Medical Student’s Perception of Educational Environment
Authors: Mahmood Hina
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The importance of educational environment in any medical institute cannot be ignored. Medical students should be provided a healthy environment so as to maximize their learning. Also understanding their perception about the educational environment can be used tactfully to evaluate and address the deficiencies and to make necessary changes required accordingly.

Aims & Objectives: To assess students’ perception regarding educational environment in a medical college of Lahore.

Place and duration of study: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2019- December 2019 in CMH Lahore Medical College.

Material & Methods: 450 students of M.B.B.S from first year to final year (90 students / year) were included by simple random method after taking written informed consent. DREEM questionnaire was used having 5 subscales including students’ perception of learning (PoL), perception of Teachers (PoT), students’ academic self-perception (ASP), students’ perception of atmosphere (PoA) and students ‘self-perceptions (SSP). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 .Data was presented as mean ±s.d, normality assessed with Shapiro -Wilk’s test followed by Spearman’s correlation analysis.

Results: Reliability of the scale was found to be 96%, indicative of excellent consistency of the responses provided by students. Mean scores of subscales from both male and female students; PoL, PoT, ASP, PoA and SSP were found as 29.89±7.36, 28.07±7.21, 19.50±5.17, 28.78±7.36 & 16.97±4.55 respectively. Total DREEM score came out to be 123.21+29.48.

Conclusion: It is concluded that students perceived a positive learning environment in this medical college’s experience.
Transfusion Medicine Practice During COVID-19 Pandemic: Potential Pitfalls and Solutions for Provision of Blood Products
Authors: Tehseen Sarah
Published: January 2021

...
Use of Point Of Care Cholesterol Testing in Population Based Non-Communicable Disease Surveillance: Caveats and Challenges
Authors: Akbar Ruhina
Published: January 2021

.
Analysis of The Effect of Promotion on the Sales of General Insurance Services at PT. Wahana Tata Insurance
Authors: Kusuma Hero Wirasmara
Published: January 2021

This study aims 1) to determine the implementation of promotions carried out by PT. Wahana Tata Insurance, 2) to determine the relationship between promotions and company sales, 30 to find out how much the contribution of promotional costs affects sales results, and 4) how big the role or influence caused by the implementation of promotions to increase sales volume. This study uses primary data from company reports and direct observations of the company's operational activities. The study used a simple linear regression analysis and the regression coefficient significance test. The study results indicate that from the calculation of correlation analysis, the correlation coefficient is positive at 0.87, which means that the relationship between promotional costs and company sales results is very strong and positive. The calculation of the determinant coefficient analysis shows that promotional activities' contribution to the company's sales results is 75.69%, which means that the contribution of promotional costs is very significant to the company's sales results. From the correlation significance test, the t value is 3.057, greater than the t-table of 2.353, which means that the relationship between the promotion costs and sales results is strong and significant. And from the calculation of the simple linear regression analysis and the regression coefficient signification test, it is known that the t-count is 3.022, when compared to the t-table is 2.353. This is concluded that t-count is greater than t-table, which means that there is a strong and significant influence between promotion costs and sales results.
IMPLEMENTASI BASIS DATA TERPUSAT UNTUK PENAGIHAN TUNGGAKAN LISTRIK PADA CV. CAHAYA ABADI
Authors: Septiawati Eka , Sauda Siti
Published: January 2021

Each company certainly cannot be separated from technology, which is technology that is expected to assist in doing every job, for example in a centralized database where the data can be accessed simultaneously. CV. Cahaya Abadi is a company or construction engaged in the electricity sector to carry out the problem of billing customer electricity arrears in villages in Sekayu District. Electricity Bill arrears in PT. Muba Electric Power is still a very big problem, namely the total bill reachesRp. 30,911,833,490 for 10 Districts consisting of 20,677 subscribers. Due to the mismatch of the usage records recorded by the meter registering officer every month, the amount of the bill appeared and made customers lazy to pay.So, to overcome these problems, namely by creating a database that will be connected to the scope of the parts in the CV. Eternal Light centrally. So that every job gets the desired results with structured performance. The database development method used for this study uses the methodLife Cycle Database(DBLC).

Setiap perusahaan tentunya tidak lepas dari yang namanya teknologi, yaitu teknologi yang diharapkan dapat membantu dalam mengerjakan setiap pekerjaan, contohnya dalam satu basis data terpusat dimana data tersebut bisa diakses secara bersamaan. CV. Cahaya Abadi merupakan salah satu perusahaan atau konstruksi yang bergerak di bidang listrik untuk melakukan masalah penagihan tunggakan listrik pelanggan di desa-desa yang ada di Kecamatan Sekayu. Tunggakan Tagihan Listrik yang ada di PT. Muba Electric Power masih menjadi masalah yang sangat besar, yaitu total tagihan mencapai Rp.  30.911.833.490 untuk 10 Kecamatan yang terdiri dari 20.677 pelanggan. Disebabkan oleh ketidaksesuaian catatan pemakaian yang dicatat oleh petugas pencatat angka meter setiap bulannya sehingga muncul besarnya tagihan dan mengakibatkan pelanggan malas membayar. Jadi, untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, yaitu dengan membuat basis data yang nantinya terhubung dengan ruang lingkup bagian-bagian dalam CV. Cahaya Abadi secara terpusat. Sehingga setiap pekerjaan mendapatkan hasil yang diinginkan dengan kinerja yang terstruktur. Adapun metode pengembangan database yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini menggunakan metode Database Life Cycle (DBLC).
(Au, Ag)/Al0.08In0.08Ga0.84N/ (Au, Ag) Metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) Photodetectors
Authors: Ghazai Alaa , Marwaa Mohammed
Published: January 2021

Metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors (PDs) based on gold and silver (Au, Ag)/Al0.08In0.08Ga0.84N (commercial sample)/ (Au, Ag) have been fabricated and characterized.   The effect of annealing temperature of As deposit, 400, 500, and 600 0C for 30 min on the topography and electrical properties of   Au contact on Al0.08In0.08Ga0.84N thin film have been characterized and optimized using Current-Voltage (I-V) characteristic. Schottky barrier height (SBH) and ideality factor (n) of Au/ Al0.08In0.08Ga0.84N interface were 1.223 eV and 1.773 at 50 0C annealing temperature for 30 min respectively, and it is found that contact has a high-quality surface. Also, with the same procedure, the effect of annealing time of 15, 30, 45 minutes, and 1 hour have been studied and optimized. The results revealed that the best annealing time is 30 min which has the highest SBH. Au contact compared with Ag contact used to first time as best our knowledge with the optimal condition to select the best metal for MSM photodetectors (PDs). The ideal characterization of Au, Ag/AlInGaN/Au, Ag MSMPDs on Si substrate depend on responsivities of 0.201 and 0.153 A W-1, quantum efficiencies of 71% and 57%, and NEPs of 3.55×10-4 and 1.45×10-3W-1, respectively have been also studied compared. The height SBH and QE for the samples grown on Si was at Au contact which proposed to use in such optoelectronic devices.
Editorial
Authors: Revista de Odontopediatría Latinoamericana Equipo de trabajo multidisciplinario de la
Published: January 2021

El propósito de esta declaración es obtener apoyo mundial para una definición basada en evidencia de la Caries de Primera Infancia (Early Childhood Caries - ECC), además de lograr un consenso en la comprensión de la etiología, factores de riesgo e intervenciones para reducir ECC, todas también basadas en evidencia. También presentará políticas y enfoques colaborativos para disminuir esta enfermedad crónica. Con estos antecedentes, 11 expertos de todo el mundo se reunieron bajo el auspicio de la Asociación Internacional de Odontopediatría (IAPD) para formular esta declaración.
Inhibición de Streptococcus mutans aislado de cavidad oral de niños sin caries mediante sustancia antagónica producida por Lactobacillus spp.
Authors: Bustillos Torrez Willy , Bueno Bravo Zulema Susy
Published: January 2021

La caries es considerada todavía una de las enfermedades más prevalentes del mundo. Por este motivo, diversas estrategias de prevención se han desarrollado en los últimos años con el propósito de controlar esta enfermedad. Diferentes especies bacterianas de la microbiota normal de la cavidad oral producen sustancias antagónicas antibacterianas. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar alguna especie del género Lactobacillus productor de sustancias antagónicas contra Streptococcus mutans a partir de saliva de niños con y sin caries. Materiales y métodos: Se aislaron desde saliva de 60 niños con caries, sin caries activa (rehabilitados) y libres de caries, diferentes cepas de Lactobacillus a las cuales se les estudió su capacidad antagónica contra cepas de Streptococcus mutans , mediante ensayos en doble capa, test del pocillo y sobre crecimiento bacteriano. Resultados: Las cepas que elaboran sustancias con mayor capacidad antagónica fueron identificadas como Lactobacillus fermentum mediante Api test 50 CH. Conclusión: Se demostró que Lactobacillus fermentum está presente en mayor porcentaje en el grupo de niños sin caries, lo cual podría sugerir un efecto natural de control biológico en la cavidad oral de este grupo de niños.
Influencia de los hábitos orales en el perfil miofuncional orofacial de niños de tres a cinco años
Authors: Dos Santos Barraza Raquel Andressa , Carminatti Mônica , Carneiro Aline , Pinto Aleixo Bárbara de Lavra , Gomes Erissandra
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Investigar la influencia de los hábitos orales en el perfil miofuncional de los niños de tres a cinco años. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal con 73 niños a través del protocolo de aplicación validado para la evaluación de los aspectos miofuncional orofacial y el cuestionario sobre los hábitos orales. Para el análisis de las variables, el nivel de significación fue del 5%. Resultados: La suma total de protocolo de Evaluación Miofuncional Orofacial con Valores (AMIOFE) fue de 91,6 ± 5,4 puntos (IC del 95%: 90,3 92,9), con un mínimo de 75 y un máximo de 100 puntos. Se observó relación significativa entre: la alimentación con biberón (p=0,014) y chupetes (p <0,001) con los aspectos y las posiciones de los articuladores; el uso del chupete y la función respiratoria (p=0,04) y la deglución (p=0,006); el uso de objetos en la boca y la función de masticación (p=0,001); la respiración oronasal y los aspectos y las posiciones de los articuladores (p <0,001) y la función de deglución (p=0,002). Además, la lactancia materna prolongada influyó positivamente el aspecto y la posición de los articuladores (p=0,001) y la función respiratoria (p=0,005). Conclusiones: Los hábitos de alimentación con biberón, los objetos en la boca, los chupetes y la respiración oronasal se relacionaron con cambios en los aspectos y posturas de los articuladores y las funciones estomatognáticas.
Tratamiento del bruxismo del sueño en niños
Authors: Hermida María Laura , Cortese Silvina Gabriela , Kalil Bussadori Sandra , Ferreira Roxana , Spatakis Lorena
Published: January 2021

Los enfoques actuales para el tratamiento del Bruxismo del Sueño en niños se focalizan en el manejo de los síntomas y la prevención de complicaciones, siendo muy amplio el espectro de alternativas, para utilizar en forma individual o combinada. Se recomienda identificar y controlar los factores causales asociados al bruxismo. Las posibilidades de tratamiento varían desde la educación del paciente y la familia, el uso da aparatos intraorales, y las técnicas psicológicas hasta la medicación. Teniendo en cuenta lo complejo del tema se hace necesario un abordaje multidisciplinario para el tratamiento del Bruxismo del Sueño en niños.
Diente fusionado por concrescencia en un paciente pediátrico: reporte de caso
Authors: Roman Jeremias , Miguelez Sebastian , Mosca Christian Oscar
Published: January 2021

Las anomalías dentales se definen como malformaciones congénitas por falta o aumento en el desarrollo de los tejidos dentarios, clasificadas según forma, número, tamaño y posición. La concrescencia es un término utilizado para referirse a un tipo de fusión que ocurre después de que la corona está completamente formada y los dientes se unen solo por el cemento. En el presente artículo se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 14 años que concurre al servicio de odontología del “Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Presidente Perón de Avellaneda”, con una fusión dentaria por concrescencia de los dientes 47 y 48. En este caso ante la inclusión del diente 47 y su fusión con el diente 48, se decidió la remoción quirúrgica teniendo en cuenta las patologías asociadas a un diente retenido y las molestias ocasionadas en el paciente.
TWO RE-EVALUATIONS OF DAVIS’S “GEOGRAPHICAL CYCLE” AT THE TURN OF THE 1960S
Authors: GIUSTI CHRISTIAN
Published: January 2021

Many geomorphologists today refer to Davis and his ideas without really knowing what that implies. In the second half of the 20th century, two re-evaluations of the Davisian system were carried out, which the renewed popularity of the “peneplain” concept has led us to bring back to light and discuss.
ASYMMETRIC HYDROGRAPHIC BASINS IN SOUTHERN ESPINHAÇO RIDGE – MINAS GERAIS STATE, SOUTHEAST BRAZIL: LITHO-STRUCTURAL AND / OR TECTONIC CONTROL?/BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS ASSIMÉTRICAS NA SERRA DO ESPINHAÇO MERIDIONAL – MG: CONTROLE LITOESTRUTURAL E/OU TECTÔNICO
Authors: DE CARVALHO ALEX , MAGALHÃES JÚNIOR ANTÔNIO PEREIRA
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo busca-se analisar a configuração de bacias hidrográficas assimétricas na Serra do Espinhaço Meridional pormeio da organização espacial de arquivos fluviais e de índices morfométricos, adotando-os como instrumentos deinvestigação de processos de migração preferencial de cursos d´água sob controle litoestrutural e tectônico. Osprocedimentos foram baseados no levantamento, interpretação e espacialização de níveis e sequências deposicionais, bem como no cálculo dos índices Fator de Simetria Topográfica Transversal (FSTT) e Fator de Assimetria de Bacia de Drenagem (FABD). A maior parte dos vales apresenta níveis deposicionais escalonados e isolados em contexto de encostas e que sinalizam processos de migração lateral de canais para leste sob forte influência do nível de base regional, refletindo na configuração de bacias hidrográficas assimétricas. Os índices confirmam esses resultados, o que pode ter relação com omergulho das rochas proterozoicas e com a dinâmica tectônica regional quaternária. Nos fundos de vales, por sua vez, os arquivos fluviais são bem mais preservados, mas o seu pareamento em ambas as margens não sinaliza a continuidade da migração preferencial de canais para leste, indicando a estabilização dos níveis de base no Holoceno
MORPHOLOGY, GENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF CLOSED DEPRESSIONS IN THE SEDIMENTARY BASIN OF PARAÍBA/MORFOLOGIA, GÊNESE E EVOLUÇÃO DE DEPRESSÕES FECHADAS NA BACIA SEDIMENTAR DA PARAÍBA
Authors: DE OLIVEIRA VITAL SAULO ROBERTO , FRANCA BARRETO ALCINA MAGNÓLIA , SALLUN FILHO WILLIAM , PANISSET TRAVASSOS LUIZ EDUARDO
Published: January 2021

Depressões fechadas em sedimentos areno-argilosos inconsolidados da Formação Barreiras foram identificadas na Bacia Sedimentar da Paraíba. Considerando esse fenômeno, o objetivo desse estudo consistiu em analisar as características geomorfológicas e geológicas das feições, a fim de compreender sua gênese e evolução. Foram utilizadas imagens do SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission), a partir das quais foram delimitadas as bacias fechadas e obtidas informações morfométricas. As mesmas imagens foram utilizadas para a extração de lineamentos estruturais, a fim de correlacioná-los com os alinhamentos entre as depressões fechadas, e verificar a hipótese de ocorrência de dissolução e carstificação. Alémdisso, foi realizada a medição das direções de fraturas no campo, sobre afloramentos da Formação Gramame. Por fim, informações geológicas foram obtidas a partir do mapeamento geológico dos estados da Paraíba e Pernambuco, para a extração dos limites geográficos da Formação Gramame. A partir dos dados morfométricos, percebeu-se que essas formas de relevo possuem grandes extensões, perímetros irregulares e grande elipsidade, seguindo orientações preferenciais, em consonância com as descontinuidades regionais. Os dados geológicos e as observações de campo demonstram que as mesmas estão sofrendo influência da dissolução nos calcários subjacentes, no entanto não se exclui a ocorrência do mesmo processo nos sedimentos areno-argilosos da Formação Barreiras. Esses aspectos abrem caminhos para futuros estudos tratando da composição química e suscetibilidade à dissolução das rochas sobre a qual essas formas se desenvolvem. Para mais, possibilita uma melhor compreensão da dinâmica hidrogeológica da região e sua relação com o sistema cárstico, e o esclarecimento de aspectos conceituais e sistemáticos do Carste da Bacia da Paraíba.
Modelos pedagógicos aplicados en educación inicial
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo. Ecuador, ROMAN Jimy V. , PEÑAFIEL Miriam P. ,   Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo. Ecuador, ALVEAR Luis F. ,   Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo. Ecuador, CHAVEZ Roberto C. ,   Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo. Ecuador, VINUEZA Mishel E. ,   Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo. Ecuador
Published: January 2021

La presente investigación analizó la aplicación de metodologías y modelos pedagógicos en el nivel inicial en las instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Riobamba, Ecuador, en el periodo: enero de 2019-septiembre de 2020. A través de un enfoque mixto, la investigación aplicada, exploratoria, descriptiva, explicativa, no experimental y longitudinal obtuvo como resultados que, en su mayoría, las maestras de Educación Inicial utilizan el método constructivista en función de lograr un aprendizaje significativo y un desarrollo integral.
Belbin’s team roles and their performance in road design courses: a study with undergraduate and postgraduates students
Authors:   Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja. Ecuador, GARCIA-RAMIREZ Yasmay D.
Published: January 2021

This article analyzes the relationship between the Belbin’s team roles and their performance in road design courses. Data were collected from four Civil Engineering groups (undergraduate and postgraduates students) divided into 25 teams. As a result, a consistent relationship was not found between the team balance and its performance in all teams. However, the three most influential roles in performance were identified, but this was only relevant to postgraduate students.
Jine-onkolojik Hastalarda Kemoterapi Sürecindeki Uğraş Seçimlerinin Günlük Yaşam Aktiviteleri, Anksiyete ve Depresyon Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ÖZCAN Kübra , PINAR Gül
Published: January 2021

Araştırma Başkent Üniversitesi Hastanesi Jinekoloji Onkoloji Kemoterapi Ünitesi’nde jinekolojik kanser tedavisi gören bireylerin uğraş seçimlerinin günlük yaşam aktiviteleri, anksiyete ve depresyon üzerine olan etkisini incelemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini 296 kişi oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında Anket Formu, Hastane Anksiyete- Depresyon Ölçeği ve Günlük Yaşam Aktiviteleri Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde Mann Whitney U Testi, Kruskal Wallis H Testi, Ki-Kare ve Korelasyon testinden yararlanılmıştır. Anlamlılık düzeyi p
Peranan Orangtua dalam Membina Kedisiplinan Anak
Authors: La Ndibo Yaman
Published: January 2021

Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu peran orang tua dalam membina kedisiplinan anak di Desa Lanobake, Kecamatan Batukara, Kabupaten Muna. Informan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah informan kunci yaitu orang tua Desa Lanobake sebanyak 10 orang informan yang ditentukan secara Purposive sampling. Metode Penelitian menggunakan Teknik analisis data dengan Pendekatan Deskriptif Kualitatif.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa  diantaranya peranan orang tua dalam membina kedisisplinan akan terdiri dari pernan sebagai pendidik, peranan orang tua sebagai motivator, peranan orang tua sebagai pengawas. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan bahwa dalam menerapkan peranan orang tua sebagai pendidik dilakukan dengan selalu memberi bimbingan kepada anak untuk selalu bersikaf positif baik dalam lingkungan keluarga maupun dilingkungan masyarakat. Sedangkan peranan orang tua sebagai motivator dilakukan dengan cara selalu memberikan semangat kepada anak serta selalu memberikan pujian terhadap prestasi yang diraih. Peranan orang tua sebagai pengawas dilakukan oleh orang tua Desa Lanobake dilakukan dengan cara tidak memberikan kebebasan kepada anak  dalam bergaul dilingkungan luar serta tidak memberikan kesempatan kepada anak untuk menentukan arah hidupnya sendiri. Adapun hasil daripada usaha pembinanaan kedisiplinan kepada anak yaitu seperti terbentuknya kesiplinan belajar, disiplin beribadah, disiplin bermain dan disiplin dalam bertindak.

Kata Kunci : Peranan orang tua, Membina, Kedisiplinan Anak
Red Coats and Wild Birds across the British Empire
Authors: Greer Kirsten A.
Published: January 2021

Chapter 1 situates the contributions of British military officers to the development of field ornithology from the traces and material remnants of their bird collections and specimens housed in museums across the British Empire, especially in Britain. Untangling the avian imperial archive explores how transimperial careers can be written using not only textual sources (e.g., biographies and personal correspondence) but also traces and artifacts of material culture, specifically bird skins as part of the avian imperial archive. By unraveling the avian imperial archive, the contributions of British military officers to the emergence of the field of zoogeography—a branch of biogeography concerned with the distribution of animal species across the globe—are put into sharp relief, illustrating the multiple avian-human entanglements in different parts of the British Empire, including in the Mediterranean. As both a fantasy of empire and a reflection of transient lives, avian scientific specimens in historical geographic research enrich our understanding of the intersections between science, empire, and the military.
Philip Savile Grey Reid
Authors: Greer Kirsten A.
Published: January 2021

Chapter 5 investigates how, back “home” in Britain, British military officers’ production of ornithological knowledge in the British Mediterranean helped reformulate notions of nation and “British birds.” It focuses on Captain Philip Savile Grey Reid (1845–1915), Royal Engineers, as a homeward-bound officer to Aldershot, Hampshire, to understand how ideas and practices of ornithology circulated back to Britain. Designated as “home of the British Army,” Aldershot was an integral site in the transimperial network of military garrisons across the British Empire, connecting England to the Mediterranean, India, British North America, South Africa, and the West Indies. The home station became an important posting for the reunion of family, friendship, military, and ornithological networks in England; its location in Hampshire allowed imperial military officers to ramble in the English countryside, fostering temperate cultures of nature through proper conduct in the collecting and documenting of British birds. Central to this chapter is an understanding of transimperial processes in the shaping of British military culture and the designation of national birds.
Military Ornithology in Place
Authors: Greer Kirsten A.
Published: January 2021

The concluding chapter demonstrates how the accumulation of their avian collections and documentation served as an ideological force in imagining control over universal knowledge and, in turn, the British Empire and its territories, as officers studied birds as part of surveying, mapping, and surveillance. It analyzes how military ornithologists encountered different local cultures (with different attitudes toward hunting, birds, and field science) and different local natures (with different climates, avian populations, and environments), and how imperial knowledge was contingent on local networks and of different trajectories across the British Empire.
Colonial Creations
Authors: Minard Pete
Published: January 2021

This chapter discusses ASV’s involvement in the transfer of animals between colonies, its knowledge about the transferred animals, and the subsequent transformation of the environment. The British Empire acclimatization survey recorded questions about organisms suitable for each colony and which organism each colony would like to see acclimatized within its boundaries. The animals listed within ASV’s guidebook, Answers Furnished, reveal mammals, birds, fish, and other species native to other countries. The success and failure in acquiring African animals and Indian animals reveal ASV’s climatic, cultural, and scientific imagination and helped Australian acclimatizers understand how the distribution of animals across the world has changed the environment of colonies. The program shows the establishment and cooperation of networking among the imperial government and colonial officials.
Hunting Victoria
Authors: Minard Pete
Published: January 2021

This chapter discusses Australians’ attitudes towards the history of game hunting, giving insight to the complicated relationships among agricultural development, environmental degradation, and imperial recreational activities. Game acts established by the ASV show the issue of traditional game hunting, protection of animals, and decrease in food. The history of game legislation shows that hunting in Victoria was shaped by British sporting traditions, gold rush assertions of common property in game, concerns about declining native game numbers, and protecting the colonial food supply.
Epilogue
Authors: Minard Pete
Published: January 2021

In the epilogue, the author explains his thoughts about the creation of this book, beginning with what a casual visitor to Melbourne Zoo in Royal Park would see in 1861. To understand acclimatization, he argues, the contributions from acclimatization networks, theories, and a new generation of scientists and officials are crucial to help improve and discover new ideas.
Introduction
Authors: Kierner Cynthia A.
Published: January 2021

The modern American approach to disaster is a cultural construction, a product of the period that historians define loosely as the modern era. When disaster strikes, people search for causes, assess culpability and costs, commiserate with victims (both as individuals and as a more abstract collective), and initiate various sorts of private and public relief efforts. Inventing Disaster traces the historical origins of this modern culture of disaster to three inter-related developments: the spread of information via trade, travel, and print; new Enlightenment ideas about science and human agency; and growing appreciation for the capacity to respond to the suffering of others with heartfelt emotion and benevolence, a quality known as sensibility. The book's introduction describes the modern culture of calamity and gives an overview of the chapters' contents, situating this study in both the cultural history of the Atlantic world and in interdisciplinary field of Disaster Studies.
Devastation without Disaster
Authors: Kierner Cynthia A.
Published: January 2021

The English colony established at Jamestown in 1607 was a disaster by any modern measure. Famine, disease, hurricanes, and violence killed roughly three-quarters of the 4,200 settlers who arrived there by 1622. This chapter argues that contemporaries viewed neither Jamestown nor the specific calamities that occurred there as disasters in the modern sense and that most public discussions of the colonists’ sufferings instead characterized them as either signs from God or (less commonly) the results of human mistakes or malfeasance. This pre-modern response to adversity had two related consequences. First, interpreting calamities within a providential framework elided human agency as the cause of suffering and therefore precluded temporal efforts to prevent future tragedies. Second, when famines and disease, hurricanes and earthquakes, were divine portents, they evoked horror or wonder, but not the human-centered emotions that would animate later responses to such calamities.
Epilogue
Authors: Kierner Cynthia A.
Published: January 2021

The epilogue skips ahead to the Johnstown flood of 1889, the deadliest disaster to date in U.S. history, and argues that the response to this debacle—due to because of advancements in communication and photography, and the advent of the American Red Cross—was in most respects comparable to that in twenty-first-century America. The main difference was the absence of federal involvement in disaster relief at Johnstown, though the U.S. government began providing disaster relief on an ad hoc basis in the post-Civil War era. The epilogue then examines the normalization of federal involvement in disaster relief and prevention in the twentieth century and the impact of social media on contemporary disaster reporting and relief efforts.
Face
Authors: Blackwood Sarah
Published: January 2021

This chapter offers a brief account of the appearance—in the sense of coming into view—of psychology in American culture in the 1840s. It offers an overview of the shifting subjects of both psychology and portraiture at mid-century. To illustrate its arguments, it offers a series of readings on both Nathaniel Hawthorne’s experiences having his portrait taken (in oil, engraving, and by camera), as well as a selection of his many portrait stories. Hawthorne’s short portrait fiction explore the unique power of discourses of legibility and visual access as they were increasingly applied to ideas about selfhood.
Head
Authors: Blackwood Sarah
Published: January 2021

This chapter explores the cultural significance of portraiture for nineteenth-century Black American writers. It argues that many Black writers engaged with portraiture in their texts to both question and reframe the new connections being made between portraiture and personhood. They championed the power of portraiture to assert and document a sitter’s humanity while also expressing skepticism toward the idea of portraiture as revelatory about the “deep” truths of a sitter’s personhood. Many Black writers toyed with the question of “likeness” in their texts, holding out for what Douglass called “a more perfect likeness.” This chapter makes these arguments through close readings of a series of Douglass speeches about visual culture, Harriet Jacobs’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Hannah Crafts’s The Bondwoman’s Narrative, and Frank J. Webb’s The Garies and their Friends, as well as original archival research on runaway slave advertisements, The North Star, and mid-century newspaper practices.
Epilogue
Authors: Blackwood Sarah
Published: January 2021

There are ample connections between the period this book studies (1839-1895) and our contemporary moment, which has also witnessed rapid technological changes in visual representations of selfhood. Portraits—selfies, snapshots, more—continue to be a site of active production of the possibilities of selfhood.
“Civil in any Country, if They Are So in the Fashion of France”
Authors: Carayon Céline
Published: January 2021

As the 1550 Royal Entry in Rouen described in the opening of this chapter reveals, Renaissance and Early Modern France was home to a deeply ceremonial culture in which political and social rituals held complex meanings. This chapter reviews significant historical and cultural developments that transformed Europeans’ predominantly oral cultures after 1500. At the time of their explorations in the Americas, the French were familiar with a variety of sign traditions that informed their perception of Indigenous gestures and prepared them well to communicate with signs in the New World. In France, gestural communication was deeply connected to the realms of religious and secular oratory, drama (theatre), and court protocols. The seventeenth century saw a renewal of scientific and philosophical interest for manual eloquence with new universal language schemes being developed, including some of the first manuals of sign language. Increased state control over definitions of civility and ongoing distrust of theatrical gestures as unauthentic resulted in diverging types of nonverbal expression among the elite and the rest of the population. The chapter ends with an overview of early Atlantic repertoires of signs that evolved from the traditions of mariners and soldiers who participated in early voyages.