bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Work it: Looking At Labour And Compensation In Non-Commercial, Scholarly, Canadian Journals
Authors: Lange Jessica , Severson Sarah
Published: April 2021

The goal of this paper is to document how labour is divided and compensated (both monetarily and non-monetarily) in Canadian non-commercial scholarly journals. This study informs future research on sustainability in non-commercial academic publishing. As labour is essential for the continued success of these journals, understanding the extent (i.e., how many positions, how many hours per position), scope (i.e., which tasks are undertaken and who is responsible for them), and cost (monetary or non-monetary) of this labour will be critical in ensuring the sustainability of non-commercial academic journals in Canada. To investigate current practices, the authors distributed a survey to 484 Canadian journals meeting the above inclusion criteria. The survey was composed of two sections: how labour is divided at a journal (i.e., how many positions are there, what are the responsibilities of these positions, and how many work hours per week are dedicated to these positions) and compensation (i.e., does the journal provide monetary or non-monetary compensation to members of its editorial team, which positions receive compensation, and what is the source of these funds). The authors received 119 responses, for a 25 percent response rate. Among the main findings are that the majority of respondents compensate at least one journal position and that the source of these funds comes primarily from sponsoring organizations (i.e., affiliated institutional/university departments and scholarly associations). Additional findings include that the top three most commonly compensated positions are copyeditor, editorial assistant, and managing editor. Compensated positions such as translator, graphic designer, and copyeditor are often contracted out. Task distribution amongst editorial team members varies; however, editors-in-chief and managing editors are responsible for the greatest variety of tasks. Editorial assistants and managing editors tend to work more hours than other positions. Additionally, journal production was related to editorial team size, with larger teams producing more volumes on average than smaller ones. Recurring themes in free-text comments were large workloads, lack of compensation, and lack of recognition. This paper provides empirical evidence of the extent and variation of labour and compensation in Canadian non-commercial scholarly publishing. It provides data on current non-commercial journal practices which will be of interest to library publishers, journal editors, and other stakeholders in Canadian scholarly publishing.
Resources or Capabilities: A Study of Startup Emergence within Applied Research Universities in India
Authors: Joshi Kshitija , S Krishna H , Loganathan Muralidharan
Published: April 2021

Over the past decade, the Indian entrepreneurial ecosystem has witnessed a steep growth in the number of incubators within academic environments. While most of these have focused on provision of tangible and intangible resources, the understanding about processes and routines that transform these resources into capabilities, which ultimately translate into successful start-up emergence has been lacking. Based on the resource-based view and the dynamic capabilities approach and using the cases of two academic incubators in India (Indian Institute of Technology, Madras and National Chemical Laboratory, Pune), this paper analyses the pre-incubation level processes that have resulted in their enhanced opportunity recognition potential. This study adds to the literature in the area of dynamic capabilities in the context of academic incubation. The study has important implications for both incubation setups as well as policy makers.
Reducing the plate waste of families at hotel buffets – a quasi-experimental field study
Authors: Dolnicar Sara , Juvan Emil , Grün Bettina
Published: April 2021

Twenty percent of all global greenhouse emissions are food-related. Tourism and hospitality contribute significantly, with food accounting for nearly half of the waste these sectors produce. One type of food waste – plate waste – could easily be avoided. Plate waste is the food people leave behind uneaten on their plates. It does not increase the enjoyment of the meal, yet costs the hotel money, and harms the environment. We develop and test – in a quasi-experimental field study – a game-based intervention that reduces plate waste by 34 percent, and is available for immediate adoption by hotels globally. Our study contributes to theory by demonstrating the power of increasing pleasure in pleasure-seeking contexts when aiming to change environmentally significant tourist behaviour. Our findings also challenge established behavioural theories, which postulate that people’s beliefs are the key drivers of pro-environmental behaviour.
Building Success in Development and Peacebuilding by Caring for Carers: A Guide to Research, Policy and Practice to Ensure Effective, Inclusive and Responsive Interventions
Authors: Gordon Eleanor , Jones Briony
Published: April 2021

The experiences and marginalisation of international organisation employees with caring responsibilities has a direct negative impact on the type of security and justice being built in conflict-affected environments. This is in large part because international organisations fail to respond to the needs of those with caring responsibilities, which leads to their early departure from the field, and negatively affects their work while in post. In this toolkit we describe this problem, the exacerbating factors, and challenges to overcoming it. We offer a theory of change demonstrating how caring for carers can both improve the working conditions of employees of international organisations as well as the effectiveness, inclusivity and responsiveness of peace and justice interventions. This is important because it raises awareness among employers in the sector of the severity of the problem and its consequences. We also offer a guide for employers for how to take the caring responsibilities of their employees into account when developing human resource policies and practices, designing working conditions and planning interventions. Finally, we underscore the importance of conducting research on the gendered impacts of the marginalisation of employees with caring responsibilities, not least because of the breadth and depth of resultant individual, organisational and sectoral harms. In this regard, we also draw attention to the way in which gender stereotypes and gender biases not only inform and undermine peacebuilding efforts, but also permeate research in this field. Our toolkit is aimed at international organisation employees, employers and human resources personnel, as well as students and scholars of peacebuilding and international development. We see these communities of knowledge and action as overlapping, with insights to be brought to bear as well as challenges to be overcome in this area. The content of the toolkit is equally relevant across these knowledge communities as well as between different specialisms and disciplines. Peacebuilding and development draw in experts from economics, politics, anthropology, sociology and law, to name but a few. The authors of this toolkit have come together from gender studies, political science, and development studies to develop a theory of change informed by interdisciplinary insights. We hope, therefore, that this toolkit will be useful to an inclusive and interdisciplinary set of knowledge communities. Our core argument - that caring for carers benefits the individual, the sectors, and the intended beneficiaries of interventions - is relevant for students, researchers, policy makers and practitioners alike.
Transcatheter Occlusion of a Hepatic Vein to left Atrium Fistula: Should we close Venovenous collateral Vessels following Fontan operation?
Authors: Bitar Fadi , El-Khouri Maya , Arabi Mariam , El Rassi Issam , Bulbul Ziad , Sawaya Fadi
Published: April 2021

following the Fontan operation. There are conflicting data regarding the closure of the venovenous collateral (VVC) vessels post-Fontan. The embolization of these VVC in older patients may be associated with decreased survival. We describe a rare fistula draining a right-sided hepatic vein connected to a hepatic venous plexus to a right-sided pulmonary venous atrium in a child with visceral heterotaxy. The patient presented with severe hypoxemia following the Fontan operation. The fistula was successfully occluded by an AMPLATZER™ Vascular Plug II to resolve the hypoxemia and improve the hemodynamic status. Approach to venovenous collaterals in older patients with mild cyanosis after the Fontan operation may differ from that in younger children with severe hypoxemia and intrahepatic VVC. Patients with profound cyanosis due to intrahepatic to atrial connection may benefit from the occlusion of these connections. Percutaneous closure of hepatic to atrial connection with significant hypoxemia following appropriate hemodynamic assessment may be beneficial.
One Story, Too Much Sorrow
Authors: Piazze Juan
Published: April 2021

More than “usual” pregnancies adequately followed up and with precise scheduled timing, other pregnant women reach our outpatient services.
Teknologi Informasi Desa, Upaya Meningkatkan Partisipasi Dan Keterampilan Masyarakat Dalam Pembangunan Desa
Authors: Fadilla Oktaviana  , Ida Nuraida
Published: April 2021

The aim of the Community Service Program, Kuliah Kerja Nyata- Pembelajaran dan Pemberdayaan Kepada Masyarakat (KKN-PPM) is to improve the skills of society in Sindanglaya village, Cinangka. The problem faced does not know the use the waste of plastic to produce the useful and selling value products. The method of implementing this service is through (1) Survey through observation, interviews, and analysis of problems and potential of the village, (2) Training on making paving block from the waste of plastic. The results of this program are increasing knowledge and skills of the community regarding training on making paving block from the waste of plastic. This program is expected to facilitate the community in increasing their knowledge and skills in processing the waste materials into products that are useful and have selling value, therefore that the societies in Sindanglaya become productive communities.
Penerapan Pelapis Dinding Kawat Ayam di Desa Koto Marapak Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Natalia Monika , Mirani Zulfira , Partawijaya Yan
Published: April 2021

Earthquake-safe house, the costs not expensive. We can eliminate earthquake damage by strengthening our house while paying attention  the rules of structure. Use chicken wire reinforcement. Chicken wire reinforcement can strengthen the walls by wrapping. Chicken wire can also be used to strengthen practical columns as well as ring beams. And to improve the connection between practical column structural elements with ring beams and wall to column anchoring. Result is to be help the residents of Koto Marapak Village in Padang Pariaman to provide counseling and training to strengthen their homes so that they are earthquake resistant with economical costs. Because this area is very earthquake-prone. The method applied by conducting counseling, field surveys as well as discussions with community leaders, pilot / training (which is guided by the discovery team) that together with the community members work together to provide reinforcement of houses that are earthquake resistant.
Keterlibatan Mahasiswa dan Akademisi dalam Pengabdian Masyarakat Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Seri Hartati  , Amir Syamsuadi  , Luluk Elvitaria
Published: April 2021

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a new version of the coronavirus that was discovered at the end of 2019. Most of the disorders experienced by individuals infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience respiratory disease and most of them recover without requiring special treatment. Indonesia is currently hit by the Covid-19 pandemic. Various policies in prevention efforts have been carried out by the government, which have an impact many aspects of society. In Pekanbaru specially needs a lot of information related to Covid 19. Through Community Service in Simpang Tiga Village, Bukit Raya District, they can provide aid of information or other social aid which is a synergy of students and academics during the Covid 19 Pandemic, of course by following health protocol procedures. The results of this service are expected  to assist the government and society as an effort to break the chain of spreading covid-19.
Application of International Best Practices in Strategic Personnel Management by Domestic Enterprises
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Romaniuk Ljudmila
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the article is to define the measures for increasing the efficiency of strategic human resource (HR) management of domestic enterprises in order to improve their competitive positions, considering the international experiences and the current advanced state of human resource management strategy. The article is focused on the analysis of international best practices in HR management. The essence of the concept "strategic human resource management" is studied. The main approaches and factors of the development of a human resource management strategy by the leading corporations of the world are analyzed. The influence of an effective human resource management strategy on competitive positions of international companies is defined. The methods of building an effectively functioning team, the system of moral values and rules of relations between management and employees are analyzed. A survey of respondents was conducted to analyze human resource management strategy at domestic enterprises. The measures are proposed, which take into consideration the modern tendencies in strategic HR management, introduction of which will increase the work efficiency at the domestic enterprises and their overall competitiveness: ensuring the compliance of HR management strategy with the business strategy of the enterprise; implementation of the principles of meritocracy – a system of recruitment, selection and promotion of personnel based on professional and business qualities; development of highly effective and transparent systems for employees, including clearly structured processes of training, mentoring, rotation; creation of personnel reserve; creating a trusting atmosphere in the team; supporting of a steady financial and emotional conditions by creating an effective motivational system; creating of an effective employee evaluation system, based on performance and potential development as well as development of value scales; understanding the strategic importance and key role of talented personnel; implementing of high-level global standards such as safety, health, language, laws and regulations, local practices and etiquette. The realization of necessary strategic changes at different management levels and at the level of an individual enterprise depends on the strategy of human resource management.
Problems of the Current State of the Sphere of the Land Improvement of Settlement of Ukraine: Public Administration Aspect
Authors:   «Etalontechservice» LLC, Bizonych Dmytro
Published: April 2021

The article identifies and reveals a set of problems in the field of improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine and suggests practical ways to solve them. The problems of the current state of the sphere of improvement of the settlements of Ukraine are covered. Ways to improve the improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine are proposed. Perspective directions of further theoretical and practical researches concerning improvement of the sphere of improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine are defined. The urgency of the need to improve the sphere of improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine is substantiated. The definitions of the concepts "improvement of settlements", "measures for improvement of settlements", "maintenance in proper condition of the territory", "street and road network", "greenery" are given. The following are indicated: types of improvement of settlements; landscaping subjects; the difference in the content of national and regional policy in the field of improvement of settlements of Ukraine. It is stated: that at the legislative level of Ukraine there are no unified approaches to the formation of state policy in the field of landscaping of the country as a whole; that the requirements of the Law of Ukraine "On improvement of settlements" are not fulfilled in full; that not all settlements have developed and approved regulations and program documents on the improvement of settlements. The subsystem of the sphere of improvement of settlements has been determined in accordance with the hierarchy-relevance. Problems of such subsystems as: subsystem of maintenance of a street and road network are defined; subsystem of external lighting of territories; subsystem of landscaping; utility subsystem (household waste management, burial, parking). The rating of priority problems in the field of improvement of the majority of settlements is defined. It was found that the priority of solving urgent and future problems of improvement in different settlements differs. The sphere of improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine as an object of public administration is characterized. The article formulates and solves a topical scientific problem in the field of public administration, which is to identify a set of problems in the field of improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine and suggest practical ways to solve them, and the conclusions and proposals serve as a basis for improving the improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine and further scientific studies.
Accounting theories and their impact on the formation and development of social expenditure accounting
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Savchenko Vera , Gai Oleksandr ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Yurchenko Oksana ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: April 2021

The article considers the essence of accounting theories, approaches to their separation, the relationship of accounting and economic theories, and the direction of development of accounting theories in accordance with the needs of economic and social development. The approaches to the classification of accounting theories are generalized, as well as the approaches to the interpretation of «accounting theory», the peculiarities of the interpretation of the subject of accounting from the point of view of different accounting theories are revealed and the objectivity of expansion of accounting objects is substantiated. In the context of the formation and development of accounting theories, the category of «social costs» is considered as an accounting object.
STUDY OF THYROID FUNCTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS OF MALWA REGION.
Authors: Bagzai Deepasha Shahi , Jain Darshna , Kesarwani Anurag
Published: April 2021

Background: Thyroid disorders and diabetes mellitus are two common endocrine disorders that are commonly encountered in clinical practice.  The relationship between thyroid disease and diabetes is important for physicians to understand in order to provide the best treatment for both conditions. The aim of this study was to assess thyroid function in Type2 Diabetes Mellitus patients of malwa region and raise awareness about thyroid dysfunction in newly diagnosed T2DM patients.

Methods: In this case control study, a total of 200 subjects were chosen. Group I consisted of 100 diagnosed type 2 diabetes cases and Group II 100 sex matched stable controls. After receiving informed consent, patients were enrolled. Thyroid dysfunction in Type2 diabetes mellitus was assessed using biochemical parameters such as fasting plasma glucose, total triiodothyronine T3, total thyroxine T4, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).

Results: When diabetic patients were compared to healthy controls, their fasting blood glucose and serum TSH levels were substantially higher. In these two classes, however, there was no substantial difference in serum T3 and T4 levels. The findings suggest that diabetic patients have subclinical hypothyroidism as opposed to the control group in the study population

Conclusion: From this current study it has been observed that thyroid function levels were altered in Diabetes mellitus patients, especially TSH levels. so it is suggested that diabetes mellitus patients should be screened for thyroid function studies on a regular basis to prevent further complications of thyroid dysfuction.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Thyroid dysfunction.
Mobile Biometrics and their Risks
Authors: Szűcs Kata Rebeka , Őszi Arnold , Kovács Tibor
Published: April 2021

The present article aims to introduce the ways of secure access control, with a special emphasis on  biometric solutions on mobile devices. Apart from secure biometric data storage, which is also a very important aspect of this topic, there are several other  types of threats. On the following pages we provide a short description of the possible risks of  biometric systems. In order to understand the current status and attitude towards biometrics, we introduce our own survey as well.
A hidrológiai eredetű szélsőségekkel összefüggő katasztrófavédelmi feladatok értékelése
Authors: Kirovné Rácz Réka Magdolna , Márton Attila
Published: April 2021

Annak ellenére, hogy az éghajlatváltozás hatásait vizsgáló tudományos állásfoglalások hosszú távon a  csapadékmennyiség csökkenését vetítik előre, az  extrém mennyiségű és intenzitású csapadékhullás  évszakoktól függetlenül megjelenik és növeli a  hidrológiai eredetű katasztrófák kialakulásának  kockázatát. Hidrológiai eredetű katasztrófák alatt – az általános értelmezésen túl (árvíz, belvíz, villámárvíz) – az aszályt, valamint azokat a rendkívüli eseményeket  is értjük, amelyek a hirtelen, nagy mennyiségben  lehulló csapadék következtében alakulnak ki (például közlekedési káosz, vízelvezetés korlátaiból adódó  káresemények). Hazánkban a víztöbblet és a vízhiány  akár egy naptári éven belül is okozhat hidrológiai  eredetű káreseményeket, amelyre jó példa a 2018-as év.
The Effects of Hesperidin on BDNF/TrkB Signaling Pathway and Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Cerebral Cortex of the Utero-placental Insufficiency Fetal Rat Model
Authors:   Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran., Abdollahi Hamed , Edalatmanesh Mohammad Amin ,   Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran., Hosseini Ebrahim ,   Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran., Foroozanfar Mohsen ,   Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Uteroplacental Insufficiency (UPI) produces critical neurodevelopmental problems affecting the Intrauterine Growth Restricted (IUGR) in offspring. This study aimed to investigate the possible neuroprotective roles of Hesperidin (Hes) on the fetal cerebral cortex of the UPI rat model. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 pregnant Wistar rats (age: ~40 days, Mean±SD weight: 180±10 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups (n= 8/group). The study groups included control (normal saline, orally), UPI+NS (uterine vessel ligation+normal saline, orally), UPI+HES25, UPI+HES50, and UPI+HES100 (uterine vessel ligation+25, 50 and 100 mg/kg Hes, orally). After being anesthetized by ketamine and xylazine, UPI was induced by permanent bilateral closure of the uterine vessels on Gestation Day (GD) 18. From GD15, the Hes/NS-treated groups received Hes/normal saline until GD21. On GD21, the uterus, placenta, and fetus were dissected out and weighed. The oxidative stress parameters, including Catalase (CAT) activity, Malondialdehyde (MDA), and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) were measured in the fetal cerebral cortex. The expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase B (TrkB) was assessed by RT qPCR methods. The obtained data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: The present study findings identified a significant difference in the uterine and fetus weight in Hes-treated mothers (P< 0.05). In the fetus, Hes reduced MDA, and increased CAT activity and TAC (P˂0.001 in the UPI+Hes100 group, compared to the UPI+NS group). UPI reduced BDNF and TrkB mRNA expression, compared to the control group (P<0.05). Also, Significant increases in BDNF and TrkB mRNA expression were observed after administrating Hes in the fetal cerebral cortex of the UPI rat model, in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Conclusion: Hes, as a neuroprotective and antioxidant agent, accelerates BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway and suppresses oxidative stress parameters in the cerebral cortex of the UPI rat model.
Узагальнення моделі Голанда і Рейсснера на випадок осьової симетрії
Authors: Барахов Костянтин Петрович
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this work is to create a mathematical model of the stress state of overlapped circular axisymmetric adhesive joints and to build an appropriate analytical solution to the problem. To solve the problem, a simplified model of the adhesive bond of two overlapped plates is proposed. The simplification is that the movement of the layers depends only on the radial coordinate and does not depend on the angular one. The model is a generalization of the classical model of the connection of Holland and Reissner in the case of axial symmetry. The stresses are considered to be evenly distributed over the thickness of the layers, and the adhesive layer works only on the shift. These simplifications allowed us to obtain an analytical solution to the studied problem. The problem of the stress state of the adhesive bond of two plates is solved, one of which is weakened by a round hole, and the other is a round plate concentric with the hole. A load is applied to the plate weakened by a round hole. The discussed area is divided into three parts: the area of bonding, as well as areas inside and outside the bonding. In the field of bonding, the problem is reduced to third- and fourth-order differential equations concerning tangent and normal stresses, respectively, the solutions of which are constructed as linear combinations of Bessel functions of the first and second genera and modified Bessel functions of the first and second genera. Using the found tangential and normal stresses, we obtain linear inhomogeneous Euler differential equations concerning longitudinal and transverse displacements. The solution of the obtained equations is also constructed using Bessel functions. Outside the area of bonding, displacements are described by the equations of bending of round plates in the absence of shear forces. Boundary conditions are met exactly. The satisfaction of marginal conditions, as well as boundary conditions, leads to a system of linear equations concerning the unknown coefficients of the obtained solutions. The model problem is solved and the numerical results are compared with the results of calculations performed by using the finite element method. It is shown that the proposed model has sufficient accuracy for engineering problems and can be used to solve problems of the design of aerospace structures.
Розрахункове дослідження аеродинамічних характеристик рульового гвинта вертольота типу Мі-8 з урахуванням інтерференції з несучим гвинтом на режимі висіння при боковому вітрі
Authors: Кибальний Михайло Юрійович , Дьомін Андрій Павлович , Дегтяренко Сергій Олександрович , Москаленко Микола Іванович
Published: April 2021

Under certain conditions of a helicopter flight, the main rotor can exert a rather strong effect on the tail rotor, changing its traction and power characteristics. The calculated and experimental characteristics of an isolated tail rotor under such operating conditions can differ significantly from those under conditions of interaction with the main rotor. The study of this phenomenon is an urgent task, since a change in the characteristics of the tail rotor and the conditions of its operation in the presence of the main rotor can cause a decrease in controllability margins and, as a consequence, the cause of an aircraft accident, for example, the so-called. "left rotation" of the helicopter. Since 1985, on helicopters from M. L. Mile, 42 aviation accidents occurred in units and subdivisions of the state and civil aviation of the USSR (and now Russia) due to helicopters falling into spontaneous left rotation. Over the past 10 years, 29 accidents (8 accidents and 21 accidents) have occurred for this reason. 29 helicopters were lost: 20 Mi-8, 5 Mi-24, 4 Mi-2. Experience shows that getting into an uncontrolled left rotation in almost 100% of cases ends with a collision of the helicopter with the ground and overturning it on the starboard side. The interaction of the main and tail rotor is most significantly manifested in the modes of horizontal flight with sliding at low speeds and hovering in crosswind conditions. This is due to the peculiarities of the formation of the main rotor vortex wake. In this article, the case of aerodynamic interference of the main rotor and several helicopter configurations in horizontal flight mode with the low speed with sliding (hovering in a crosswind) is considered. Using the methods of computational fluid dynamics, the degree of influence of the main rotor on the tail rotor was investigated in the described modes. The most severe operating modes of the tail rotor of each configuration have been determined. Based on the results of calculations, the most rational configuration of the tail rotor has been chosen, which has the greatest reserves of controllability under unfavorable operating conditions. The results obtained have been used in the design of a new perspective helicopter, modernization of the existing fleet, as well as improving the flight safety level.
Состояние разработок двухфазных систем терморегулирования космических аппаратов
Authors: Турна Рустем Юсуфович , Годунов Артем Михайлович
Published: April 2021

The progress of space technology is leading to more and more energy-equipped spacecraft. The International Space Station already has the capacity of solar panels of more than 100 kW. Autonomous spacecrafts and satellites (including stationary ones) have the capacity of power units of kW, in the nearest future - more than 10 kW. Forced heat transfer using single-phase liquid coolants is still considered as the main method of thermal control on high-power spacecraft (SC). Single-phase mechanically pumped fluid loop is a fully proven means of thermal control of spacecraft with a moderate heat load. A significant disadvantage of such systems is that the coolant temperature varies significantly within the loop. The temperature difference can be reduced by increasing the coolant flow rate, but for this, it is necessary to increase the pump capacity, which inevitably leads to an increase in power consumption, pipeline diameters, and weight of the system as a whole. In the case of spacecraft with high power capacity (more than 5-10 kW) and large heat transfer distances (10 m and more), a two-phase mechanically pumped fluid loop for thermal control is more preferable in terms of weight, the accuracy of thermoregulation, power consumption (and other parameters). The use of a two-phase loop (2PMPL) as a spacecraft thermal control system allows to reduce significantly mass and power consumption for own needs in comparison with a single-phase thermal control system (TCS). The effect is achieved due to the accumulation of transferred heat in the form of latent heat of vaporization and intensification of heat exchange at boiling and condensation of coolant. The article provides a critical review of published works on 2PMPL for spacecraft with high power (more than 5...10 kW) and a large heat transfer distance (more than 10...100 meters) from 1980 up to nowadays. As a result, a list of the main problems on the way of practical implementation of two-phase loops is formed.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МЕДИКО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИХ АСПЕКТІВ ПОСТСТРЕСОВИХ ПОРУШЕНЬ ПРИ РОЛЬОВИХ КОНФЛІКТАХ БАТЬКІВ, ЯКІ МАЮТЬ ДІТЕЙ ІЗ ВРОДЖЕНИМИ ВІДХИЛЕННЯМИ РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: СТАРИЧЕНКО Віра
Published: April 2021

Анотація. Постановка проблеми. Батьки хворої від народження дитини опиняються в тривалій психотравмуючий ситуації, яка характеризується складністю подолання внутрішньоособистісного рольового конфлікту. Формулювання мети дослідження. Мета - дослідити, як рольовий конфлікт, який виникає внаслідок народження дитини з відхиленнями, впливає на формування постстресових розладів у батьків. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Розвиток психіки, психічної діяльності, соціальних потреб відбувається не інакше, як у виконанні визначених суспільних рольових функцій, а соціалізація людини являє собою формування її соціальних ролей. Виділяють чотири фази психологічного стану батьків в процесі становлення їх позиції до дитини з особливими потребами: шок; неадекватне ставлення до дефекту; часткове усвідомлення дефекту дитини, яке супроводжується почуттям “хронічного суму”; прийняття дефекту. Матеріали та методи дослідження. Методологічну базу дослідження склали: рольові теорії особистості; теорії рольових конфліктів; теорії функціонування індивіда в травматичних ситуаціях. Для вирішення поставлених завдань психодіагностичного дослідження використовувалися методики: Опитувальник Плутчіка-Келлермана-Конте; Опитувальник батьківського ставлення А. Я. Варга, В. В.Століна; “Шкала постстресових розладів – Міссісіпська шкала (цивільний варіант)”; Шкала диференційованих емоцій (ШДЕ) К. Ізарда в модифікації А. Б. Леонової; Тест тривожності Спілберга-Ханіна (State-Trate Anxiety Inventory, STAI); Методика психологічної діагностики копінг-механізмів Е.Хейма (E. Heim), адаптована в лабораторії клінічної психології психоневрологічного інституту ім. В. М. Бехтерева, під керівництвом д. м. н. професора Л. І. Вассермана. Виклад основного матеріалу. Провідними механізмами психологічного захисту у групі є заперечення та виражена проекція. Біля 63,0 % досліджуваних батьків намагається не встановлювати психологічну дистанцію між собою і дитиною, бути ближче до неї і задовольняти її основні розумні потреби, захистити від неприємностей, а 37,0% батьків - навпаки, встановлюють значну психологічну дистанцію між собою і дитиною, мало піклуються про неї. За статистичними розрахунками, спрямованими на встановлення зв’язку між результатами дослідження за кількома методиками, було доведено наявністьзалежності між виявленими показниками. Висновки та перспективи подальших досліджень. Підтверджено гіпотезу про те, що рольовий конфлікт, який виникає при народжені дитини з вадами розвитку, призводить до формування постстресових порушень у батьків. Необхідно розробити програму надання медико-психологісної допомоги батькам із дітьми, які мають вади розвитку, і спрямувати на формування позитивного ставлення батьків до дитини та більш зрілих та конструктивних механізмів захисту – компенсації та раціоналізації.
ВПЛИВ ПЕРЕХОДУ НА ДИСТАНЦІЙНУ ФОРМУ НАВЧАННЯ НА ПСИХІЧНІ СТАНИ СТУДЕНТІВ МЕДИЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ
Authors: ГАЛАДЗА Марія , ПРЯДКА Вероніка , КОЛЯДЕНКО Ніна
Published: April 2021

Анотація. Постановка проблеми. Перехід до дистанційного навчання, пов’язаний із пандемією COVID-19, став стре- согенним чинником для студентів медичних спеціальностей, що створило умови для підвищення рівня тривожності. Формулювання мети статті. Мета – теоретично обґрунтувати та емпірично дослідити особливості проявів три- вожності у студентів медичних спеціальностей при переході на дистанційну форму навчання в зв’язку з пандемією COVID-19. Гіпотеза дослідження. Перехід на дистанційну форму навчання сприяє підвищенню рівня тривожності в студентів-медиків. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Середовище дистанційного навчання спричиняє емоційний дискомфорт та сприяє появі стану тривожності в студентів медичних навчальних закладів. Виклад основного матеріалу. Рівень тривожності вимірювали в періоди аудиторного навчання та під час дистанційного навчання, для чого використовували онлайн-опитування респондентів, до числа яких увійшли 43 студенти-медики, із них 29 дівчат та 14 юнаків, середній вік респондентів склав 18,8 років. Були використані: Шкала реактивної тривожності Ч. Спілбергера; Самооцінка психічних станів Айзенка; Шкала тривожності студента (опитувальник Ж. Тейлор в модифікації Г. Ш. Габдрєєвої). В ситуації переходу на дистанційну форму навчання, тривожність в 44,2% досліджуваних студентів-медиків зросла до високого рівня. Найбільше хвилювала студентів невизначеність щодо процедури складання іспитів у онлайн-форматі, а також критеріїв оцінювання й відпрацювання пропущених занять. Висновки та перспективи подальших досліджень. Підтверджено гіпотезу про те, що перехід на дистанційну форму навчання сприяє підвищенню рівня тривожності в студентів-медиків. Коефіцієнт кореляції між показниками тривожності під час аудиторного навчання,, виміряними за Шкалою реактивної тривожності Спілбергера та за Методикою Айзенка, становить 0,997, а під час дистанційного навчання 0,985, що свідчить про нявність прямого, тісного, сильного та функціонального зв’язку між вимірюваними результатами тривожності, що можна розцінювати як індикатор їхньої недостатньої психологічної готовності до оптимальної організації навчального процесу, нестачу навичок самоменеджменту та мотивації щодо самостійної роботи. Подальші дослідження планується спрямувати на вивчення механізмів адаптації студентів-медиків до стресових ситуацій.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ПРОЯВИ ДЕЗАДАПТАЦІЇ КОЛИШНІХ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ У ЦИВІЛЬНОМУ ЖИТТІ
Authors: МАКАРЕНКО Олександр , ХОДОС Олександр , КРАВЧУК Сергій
Published: April 2021

Анотація. Постановка проблеми. Стаття присвячена висвітленню проявів дезадаптації та адаптації колишніх військовослужбовців до цивільного життя, зазначені ймовірні перспективи з якими стикатиметься особистість у процесі соціалізації до нового, цивільного життя. Формулювання мети дослідження. Зазначити сучасні погляди на роль та місце військового психолога у силових структурах, розкрити причини складнощів та перспектив пошуку шляхів вдосконалення психологічного супроводу військовослужбовців запасу. Виклад основного матеріалу. Питання належної психологічної реабілітації військовослужбовців є підґрунтям вдалого вирішення проблеми дезадаптації вже колишнього військового у цивільне життя, у майбутньому. Ми не в змозі змінити минуле, ми здатні нівелювати лише його наслідки у реальному часі, але змінити своє ставлення до реальності, чим виправити ймовірні помилки у майбутньому, нам цілком під силу. Висновки та перспективи подальших досліджень. Саме військовий психолог має зробити своєрідне щеплення військовому, яке унеможливить існування соціальної дезадаптації, як факт, поза межами силових структур. Військова психологічна служба потребує змін, і саме ці актуальні перспективи посідатимуть основне місце наших досліджень.
How Ana Mendietas’s Crisis of Identity Is Reflected In The Siluetas Series
Authors: Silva Patricia Amorim da
Published: April 2021

Ana Mendieta (18 November 1948, Havana-Cuba – 8 September 1985 New York- USA) was an American – Cuban artist who worked with many different medias and materials focusing specially on performance. This discussion intend to focus in her work Siluetas Series (1973-1980) where the artist uses the Earth soil to camouflage her naked body, looking for identity (gendered, raced, classed, sexed, and others) which is a conflict for her during life. This work is marked by the physical presence and absence of Mendieta’s body in various moments. All her work is recorded by film and photography by which this research explores the ways Mendieta transports and shows, in her work Siluetas Series (1973-1980), her crisis of identity.
PROBLEMS OF FUNCTIONING AND DEVELOPMENT OF MICRO-, SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS SERVICES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Lynnyk Olena , Iershova Natalia
Published: April 2021

The article examines the existing problems of the current state of management and development of micro, small and medium enterprises in Ukraine and in the world, in particular, in the field of services. Statistical and scientific sources on the specified problems are analyzed. The important social and economic role, competitive advantages of small and medium enterprises in comparison with big business and the reasons of their insufficient efficiency are emphasized. The share of value added in the gross domestic product produced by micro and small enterprises in Ukraine in comparison with the EU countries is singled out and the main reasons for the lag are identified. The analysis of the effectiveness of the simplified system of taxation of microbusiness, in particular, individual entrepreneurs working in the fields of services, trade, catering and IT, revealed tax evasion and the existence of unequal conditions for paying taxes by different categories of taxpayers. These calculations show that significant amounts of income of simplistic entrepreneurs working in the field of information technology are not taxed at all. The international and domestic experience on the issue of removing microbusiness from the shadows by introducing the mandatory use of registrars of settlement operations has been studied. It was emphasized that, in the context of decentralization, the crucial role in overcoming the shortcomings of the simplified taxation system should be played by local authorities, which are interested in establishing clear rules for fiscalization of individual entrepreneurs to fill local budgets with taxes. In order to find common economically sound solutions that are acceptable to all parties, it is proposed to create working groups of representatives of local authorities and microbusiness. In order to increase the efficiency of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises at the local community level, a number of measures are recommended that will increase the number of entrepreneurs and jobs, increase revenues to local budgets and improve the well-being of community residents. The government should create investment infrastructure for micro, small and medium-sized businesses with favorable conditions, and entrepreneurs should pay taxes politely.
USING «ASOFT CRM» SOFTWARE TO OPTIMIZE BUSINESS PROCESSES
Authors: Mozgova Galyna , Petriaiev Oleksii , Shtykh Yevheniya
Published: April 2021

This article reveals the importance of CRM-systems as a customer-oriented concept of doing business, the relevance of their implementation in order to standardize the work of staff with customers and automate production, marketing, sales and management operations. The functional capabilities of both CRM-systems as a whole for the company and for individual business processes, the effectiveness of which directly depends on the systematization and streamlining of the enterprise. The need for the implementation of CRM-systems in companies is objectively assessed, due to the provision of this type of systems to improve the quality of customer service, reduce labor costs for processing, analysis and adaptation of information. The need of Ukrainian enterprises in the implementation of CRM-systems as an innovative product that increases the competitiveness of modern enterprises is described. Based on the positive impact of CRM on the life of the organization in today's market, a list of opportunities for total control of the transaction with the client, on whose loyalty the success of any company depends. The article considers the CRM system as a factor in increasing the competitiveness of the organization. Emphasis is placed on the main tools of the CRM system, which allow to increase productivity and optimize the product portfolio of the enterprise. The efficiency and application of CRM-systems for business management, organization of business processes of economic entities are determined. The basic principles, conditions and features of effective implementation of CRM-systems are revealed. The CRM system as a type of software is the most relevant tool for working with clients and directly with databases, which fully corresponds to the modern need for innovation. The article gives the concept of CRM-system, describes its tasks and functions. The article considers modern CRM-systems (application software, customer relationship management system) as an innovative tool to increase the competitiveness of the organization. All the functionality of CRM-systems was also considered on a separate example of the application "ASOFT CRM".
ACCOUNTING AND TAX ASPECTS OF COLLECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL TAX
Authors: Zanko Borys
Published: April 2021

The article examines the actual topic of collecting environmental tax on waste disposal. As enterprises of different sectors of the economy work to meet the diverse needs of the population of our planet, this leads to the formation of a huge amount of waste that needs to be disposed of. The means that can somewhat restrain the process of waste accumulation and environmental degradation is the collection of environmental tax. The views of various scientists on the impact of environmental taxation on the incentives of environmental taxpayers to use the latest waste-free technologies and make environmentally constructive changes in production technology are considered. Factors that negatively affect environmental pollution during waste disposal and coefficients used in calculating the environmental tax are considered. For example, if the waste is placed within a settlement or at a distance of less than 3 kilometers from such boundaries, the coefficient used in calculating the environmental tax is 3. Situations when economic entities are payers of the environmental tax on waste disposal are considered. The definition of the term "waste disposal" is investigated. Attention is drawn to the fact that according to the tax legislation, waste disposal is considered to be exclusively permanent (final) stay or disposal of waste in places that are specially designated for this purpose, or at facilities (storage facilities, landfills, etc.). The use of such sites or facilities must be authorized by the authorities. If economic entities carry out only temporary disposal of waste, then such economic entities are not payers of environmental tax. However, representatives of the state tax service sometimes provide clarification that businesses that have only temporarily disposed of waste must also pay an environmental tax, as stated in these explanations. Given this, the article proposes amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine, aimed at protecting the interests of those businesses that only temporarily dispose of waste. Some aspects of environmental tax accounting are considered.
Implementasi Teknik Watermarking Menggunakan Metode Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) dan Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) pada Citra Digital
Authors: Fathiha Verryna Adzillatul
Published: April 2021

Watermarking merupakan teknik penyembunyian data/informasi kedalam suatu citra digital yang tidak kasat mata atau tidak dapat diketahui secara visual. Penyembunyian data/informasi kedalam citra tersebut bersifat rahasia. Karena tahan terhadap proses digitalisasi, teknik watermarking dapat digunakan untuk melindungi kepemilikan suatu citra digital. Ada tiga kriteria yang harus diperhatikan dalam watermarking pada citra digital, diantaranya adalah security, impreceptibily, dan robustness. Pada tugas Penulisan Karya Ilmiah (PI) ini dibuat suatu program watermarking menggunakan metode Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) dan Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) yang kemudian juga akan dipaparkan bagaimana cara menggunakan program watermarking yang telah dibuat. Keunggulan dari program ini citra yang digunakan dalam program watermarking ini dapat berupa citra berwarna maupun citra grayscale. Program watermarking ini dibuat menggunakan bahasa pemrograman C++ melalui aplikasi Matlab
Kata Kunci            : Wateramarking , Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Matlab, Bahasa Pemrograman C++.