bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
General Relativistic Hydrodynamics in Discrete Spacetime: Perfect Fluid Accretion onto Static and Spinning Black Holes
Authors: Gorard Jonathan
Published: February 2024

We study the problem of a spherically-symmetric distribution of a perfect relativistic fluid accreting onto a (potentially spinning) black hole within a fully discrete spacetime setting. This problem has previously been studied extensively in the context of continuum spacetimes, beginning with the purely analytic work of Bondi in the spherically-symmetric Newtonian case, Michel in the spherically-symmetric general relativistic case, and Petrich, Shapiro and Teukolsky in the axially-symmetric general relativistic case relevant for spinning black holes. However, the purpose of the present work is to determine the effect of discretization of the underlying spacetime upon the mass/energy and momentum accretion rates, the overall morphology and characteristics of the accretion flow, and the drag force exerted on the black hole in the case of non-zero spin. In order to achieve this, we first develop a novel formulation of the equations of general relativistic hydrodynamics that is more directly amenable to rigorous analysis within a discrete spacetime setting, and we then proceed to implement this formulation into the \textsc{Gravitas} computational general relativity framework. Through a combination of mathematical analysis and explicit numerical simulation in \textsc{Gravitas}, we discover that the mass/energy and momentum accretion rates both decrease monotonically as functions of the underlying spacetime discretization scale, with this effect becoming more pronounced for higher values of the black hole spin parameter, higher fluid temperatures, and stiffer equation of state parameters. We also find that the exerted drag force is highly sensitive to the value of the underlying discretization scale in the case of spinning black hole spacetimes, with certain instabilities becoming significantly more pronounced at certain critical values of the discretization parameter. We discuss some potentially observable consequences of these results, as well as some directions for future theoretical investigation.
Woody Species Diversity, Structure, and Management of Parkland Agroforestry along Agroecology: The Case of Tembaro Special District, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Beyene Ermias , Laemancho Dejene , Bufebo Belayneh
Published: February 2024

Parkland contributes economic, social, and ecological benefits worldwide. However, parklands degradation is an encounter to biodiversity loss needs generating information on woody species. This study was aimed to investigate woody species composition, diversity, structure, and management of parklands along Agroecology, and farmers’ wealth status. Multistage sampling technique was employed. Highland Bede Kebele, and midland Durgi Kebele were randomly selected. A total of 60 quadrats with size of 100m x 50m were used for inventory. A total of 276 respondents were used. Species richness, Shannon, Simpson, and evenness diversity indices were subjected to one-way ANOVA, and independent t-test for comparison STATA V. 17.0. Of 31 woody species, (16 families in 26 genera) observed, 26 woody species belonging to 13 families in 22 genera from midland while 18 woody species belonging to 12 families in 16 genera from highland parklands were observed. Species richness 6.8, 3.7; Shannon 1.82, 1.68; Simpson 0.85, 0.73; evenness 0.83, 0.7 were observed in midland, and highland parklands, respectively. Poorly regenerated stands were observed along Agroecology. Pruning, pollarding, coppicing, lopping, cutting, fertilizing, watering were common management practices. In conclusion, woody species diversity, and structure were affected by Agroecology, and socioeconomic factors needing intervention to enhancing woody species conservation.
Obstetric forceps. Current view of the problem
Authors:   Vorokhobov City Сlinical Hospital No 67, Moscow, Russian Federation, Martirosyan S.V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Perevozkina O.V. ,   Vorokhobov City Сlinical Hospital No 67, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Desyatnik K.A. ,   Vorokhobov City Сlinical Hospital No 67, Moscow, Russian Federation, Songolova E.N. ,   Vorokhobov City Сlinical Hospital No 67, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Revina D.B. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Panina O.B. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Operative vaginal delivery with obstetric forceps is associated with a high risk of maternal and fetal injury. The lack of reliable and up-to-date knowledge about forceps manipulation and its safety creates a fear of using forceps and leads to a gradual loss of skill in the use of the instrument. This article covers the indications for forceps application according to relevant clinical guidelines, systematizes the results of current national and international studies on the benefits and risks of using obstetric forceps for the mother and fetus. Special attention is paid to the comparison of outcomes of operative vaginal deliveries using different instruments and comparison with operative abdominal deliveries with the same indications for surgery. In the conclusion of the analysis, the evidence for the appropriateness of using obstetric forceps to achieve a better perinatal outcome and avoid unwarranted cesarean section and related complications was formulated. Key words: obstetric forceps, vacuum extraction, cesarean section, maternal morbidity, maternal mortality, operative vaginal delivery, perinatal morbidity, perinatal mortality
Prepubertal labial adhesions: management tactics
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dobrokhotova Yu.E. , Borovkova E.I. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Burdenko M.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

This study included 29 girls aged 11 months to 4 years (2.7 ± 0.6 years). Severe labial adhesions (up to 4 mm thick, complete fusion of the labia minora) leading to urinary disorders and recurrent urinary tract infections were detected in 17.24% of patients. Thin adhesions covering up to 2/3 of the labia minora were observed in 24% of patients. Surgical separation was performed in 17.24% of patients with severe adhesions. Patients with thin adhesions received conservative treatment with Ovestin cream and Superlimf cream-balm once a day for 3 weeks. Complete disappearance of adhesions was achieved in 79.17% of patients after 2 weeks of treatment, and after 3 weeks in another 12.5%. Conclusion. The efficacy of conservative management of labial adhesions in prepubertal girls using a combination therapy of topical estrogens with emollient enveloping agents was confirmed. Key words: labial adhesions, synechiae, Superlimf, lanolin, estradiol
Efficacy of different forms of gestagens for luteal phase support in IVF protocols. A retrospective study
Authors:   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Baklakova A.A. , Krutova V.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Khalafyan A.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Bazarova A.Yu. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To compare the efficacy of different forms of gestagen administration for luteal phase support in in vitro fertilization (IVF) protocols with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists. Patients and methods. Data on ART cycles with “fresh” embryo transfers (day 5) were collected in a retrospective study. A total of 154 patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 (n = 100) received oral dydrogesterone 10 mg 3 times daily as luteal phase support (LPS), group 2 (n = 29) – subcutaneous progesterone 25 mg once daily, group 3 (n = 25) – micronized vaginal progesterone 200 mg 3 times daily. LPS was prescribed daily starting from the day of transvaginal ovarian puncture. At pregnancy onset, gestagens were continued until 12 weeks’ gestation. The primary efficacy endpoints were the rates of biochemical and clinical pregnancies, and the secondary endpoints were the rates of missed miscarriage and vaginal bleeding during early pregnancy. Results. The rates of biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and missed miscarriage were comparable in the groups of oral dydrogesterone (38.00%), subcutaneous progesterone (37.93%) and micronized vaginal progesterone (36.00%), no statistically significant difference was found. There was a trend towards a lower risk of vaginal bleeding in the dydrogesterone (12.00%) and subcutaneous progesterone (13.79%) groups compared to the micronized vaginal progesterone group (24.00%), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.694). Conclusion. Any of the presented forms of gestagens can be used in clinical practice, as the efficacy in all groups was comparable, with no statistically significant difference between them. Key words: dydrogesterone, progesterone, assisted reproductive technologies, in vitro fertilization, luteal phase support
Clinical and phenotypic signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in intramural uterine leiomyoma as markers for predicting infertility
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation, Dubinskaya E.D. , Kolesnikova S.N. ,   Medical University “Reaviz”, Moscow, Russian Federation, Alyoshkina E.V. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation, Gasparov A.S. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To examine associations between clinical and phenotypic signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) and uterine leiomyoma, as well as fertility and infertility in case of intramural uterine leiomyoma. Patients and methods. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 400 patients were included and divided into two groups. The study group consisted of 370 patients with intramural leiomyoma, including 240 infertile and 130 fertile patients (70 women in the first trimester of pregnancy and 60 women delivered less than 12 months ago, in whom leiomyoma was diagnosed before and/or during pregnancy). The control group consisted of 30 patients without leiomyoma and infertility who referred for a preventive examination. Results. The frequency of clinical and phenotypic signs of UCTD was significantly higher (2.5-fold) in patients with leiomyoma compared to healthy controls. A number of UCTD signs were significantly associated with infertility in intramural leiomyoma (De Quervain syndrome, mitral valve prolapse, hematomas due to minor trauma, hyperpigmentation, history of uterine appendage torsion, scoliosis, varicose veins, iron-deficiency anemia). Based on the findings, significant diagnostic coefficients and informativeness coefficients for several UCTD signs, expressed in rounded scores, were obtained using mathematical calculations, which allows their use as prognostic criteria for fertility/infertility in intramural leiomyoma. The identified clinical symptoms are apparently both systemic (manifested as UCTD signs) and localized (leiomyoma formation and infertility). Conclusion. A high frequency of the combination of clinical and phenotypic signs of UCTD with infertility in intramural uterine leiomyoma was established. The present study allowed us to determine significant signs of UCTD, the presence of which is associated with a high risk of infertility. The results of the study and the risk score can be used to assess potential fertility in intramural leiomyoma in patients of reproductive age and to choose treatment tactics. Key words: uterine leiomyoma, undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, infertility, infertility risk prediction
Patients’ perspectives about access to health care in preparation for in vitro fertilization
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Ivanov D.O. , Orel V.I. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Krivolesova T.A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Borodkina O.I. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Conditions have been created in Russia to ensure accessibility of in vitro fertilization (IVF). The treatment is included in the program of state guarantees of free health care, and the procedure for its provision has been established. Objective. To assess the availability of health care at the stage of preparation for IVF. Patients and methods. A questionnaire of 703 patients who underwent IVF in medical institutions of Saint Petersburg in 2020 was conducted. Data were statistically processed. Mean values, extensive and intensive indicators were calculated, and the significance of their difference was assessed. Results. The timing of patient examinations to identify the causes of infertility was met only in 14.4% of cases for residents of Saint Petersburg and in 6.7% for residents of other regions. In preparation for IVF, patients faced forced payment for medical services with a frequency of 69.2 per 100 respondents and long waiting times with a frequency of 25.0 per 100 respondents. With a frequency of 21.4 per 100 respondents, regional residents indicated the lack of opportunity to be examined at their place of residence. Patients’ satisfaction with antenatal clinics was lower than with commercial clinics (25.0% and 46.3%). Conclusion. The identified limitations in the availability of health care in preparation for IVF should be considered when establishing the routing of patients, including at the level of interregional cooperation. Key words: infertility, population reproductive health, women’s sociological survey, in vitro fertilization, health care access
Pregnancy and delivery after aortic valve neocuspidization using autologous pericardium: an alternative solution without anticoagulant therapy
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Komarov R.N. , Khizroeva D.Kh. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Chernyavskiy S.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Ismailbaev A.M. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Danachev A.O. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Shuowen Wang ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Degtyareva N.D. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Tsibizova V.I. ,   Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Yakubova F.E. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Kvaratskheliya M.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Bitsadze V.O. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Makatsariya A.D. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

With the development of cardiac surgery, more and more women with congenital heart disease undergo cardiac interventions and reach reproductive age. Therefore, the number of pregnant patients with significant cardiac pathology is increasing. This article presents a clinical case of successful surgical treatment of aortic stenosis (the Ozaki procedure) in a 31-year-old woman who subsequently became pregnant and delivered a child. Conclusion. Despite the debate among cardiac surgeons, the Ozaki procedure can be considered as a viable option for aortic valve replacement in women with the prospect of pregnancy and childbirth. However, a larger study in this population is needed. Key words: aortic valve, aortic stenosis, aortic valve neocuspidization with autologous pericardium, aortic valve replacement, Ozaki procedure, pregnancy
Pathogenetic features of progesterone signaling pathway and PR-B expression in deep infiltrating endometriosis
Authors:   V.I.Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Buralkina N.A. , Chekeneva N.A. ,   V.I.Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Safronova A.S. ,   V.I.Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Asaturova A.V. ,   V.I.Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To study the expression of progesterone receptor isoform B (PR-B) in patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). Patients and methods. This article presents a comparative analysis of PR-B expression in eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissue samples obtained from patients with DIE (study group, n = 50) and tubo-peritoneal factor infertility (comparison group, n = 9). PR-B expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results. In the group of patients with DIE, PR-B expression in ectopic endometrial glandular and stromal cells of endometriosis lesions in the peritoneum and colon was significantly higher compared to the capsule of ovarian endometriotic cyst (p < 0.05). Analysis of PR-B expression in eutopic endometrium showed no significant differences between patients in the study group and comparison group (p > 0.05). Stromal cell PR-B expression in patients with infertility in the study group was significantly lower compared to fertile patients with DIE (p = 0.04). Conclusion. No decrease in PR-B expression in the endometrium of patients with DIE was found, which may indicate a favorable response to postoperative hormonal therapy in this group of patients. At the same time, we observed a decrease in PR-B expression in eutopic endometrial stromal cells in patients with DIE and infertility compared to fertile patients, which confirms the role of PR in disrupting pregnancy onset in endometriosis. Search for prognostic markers is currently implemented to develop a personalized approach to the treatment of endometriosis and individual selection of hormone therapy for preventing primary and subsequent surgical interventions and reducing severe pain syndrome in endometriosis. Key words: progesterone, PR-B expression, deep endometriosis, pain syndrome, dienogest
Una aproximación al legado latino de los mozárabes cordobeses
Authors: Herrera Roldán Pedro P.
Published: February 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar el grado de conservación del legado literario latino-cristiano en la Córdoba del siglo IX a través de las obras de los principales escritores mozárabes. Con ese fin, tras establecer la situación de los medios de la transmisión cultural, las enseñanzas en las escuelas y la existencia de libros, se analiza la pervivencia de dicho legado en varias etapas: la Antigüedad cristiana, el período visigótico, el renacimiento carolingio y la Antigüedad pagana.
Los corregidores de Córdoba en el siglo XV
Authors: Cabrera Margarita
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo pretende ser una aportación al conocimiento de los corregidores de Córdoba durante el siglo XV. Está dividido en dos apartados. En el primero de ellos se ha tratado de identificar a los diferentes delegados regios que hubo en la ciudad desde la implantación de esos oficiales regios, a comienzos del citado siglo, hasta el reinado de los Reyes Católicos, fecha en que la institución comenzó a funcionar con normalidad. A continuación, se analizan algunos aspectos básicos referentes al ejercicio de sus funciones: remuneración que recibían los corregidores, duración en el cargo, cometidos que tenían asignados. A lo largo del trabajo es visible la antipatía que siempre despertaron entre los miembros de la oligarquía urbana de la ciudad, cuyo dominio sobre ella contribuyeron a disminuir considerablemente.
La moralidad de los impuestos: La carga de la guerra en Córdoba y Jerez de la Frontera, 1480-1515
Authors: Edwards John
Published: February 2024

Es un hecho bien conocido y documentado la excesiva carga que pesó sobre las ciudades andaluzas durante las campañas contra Granada que Fernando e Isabel realizaron entre los años 1481 y 1492. Por el contrario, se ha concedido menos atención a los efectos sociales y morales que tuvo en los hombres de la región la demanda que la Corona hizo de soldados de distintas categorías, de artesanos, de material de guerra y de dinero que continuó después de la conquista de Granada, en 1492, y prosiguió hasta el siglo XVI. Este artículo concentra su atención en dos ciudades, Córdoba y Jerez de la Frontera, y registra, consigna, documenta las demandas que se hicieron en sus respectivos cabildos municipales durante el período describiendo algunas discusiones sobre la moralidad de tales imposiciones que se suscitaron como consecuencia de las demandas de la Corona. Así conocemos las disputas entre los hidalgos y los caballeros de premia en Córdoba, que afloran a la superficie en 1496, lo mismo que sucedió en Jerez a comienzos del siglo XIV. Aunque parece que estas discusiones no produjeron cambios visibles en la práctica, son indicio, sin embargo, de las tensiones que subyacen en la sociedad andaluza durante esa época.
«Caballeros moriscos» al servicio de Juan II y Enrique IV, reyes de Castilla.
Authors: López de Coca Castañer José Enrique
Published: February 2024

Los llamados «caballeros moriscos» eran cristianos de origen islámico que, a cambio de prestar servicio militar a la monarquía, cobraban un salario en dinero y en especie. La mayoría vivían dispersos en ciudades de Castilla y de Andalucía, pero había un grupo cerca del rey de modo permanente. En el presente trabajo estudio las formas de reclutamiento de estos «caballeros››, subrayando el papel que juegan los vínculos familiares y sus medios de vida, que eran bastante escasos. También analizo la imagen deformada de esta minoría que nos ha transmitido algún cronista hostil a Enrique IV.
LProducción y consumo de pan en Córdoba a fines de la Edad Media.
Authors: Hernández Iñigo Pilar
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo pretende ser una aproximación más al conocimiento de un alimento fundamental en la dieta del hombre medieval -el pan- centrado en la ciudad de Córdoba durante el siglo xv. Analiza el proceso de producción del pan desde que el cereal llegaba a la ciudad hasta que, tras su molturación y cocción, era consumido bajo la forma de pan o de otros productos secundarios, describiendo detenidamente el funcionamiento de molinos y hornos. Se distingue entre el pan elaborado de manera profesional por parte de los panaderos y el de fabricación doméstica. Además, se abordan los lugares, precios y condiciones de venta, así como las modalidades de pan existentes y su índice de consumo. Se incluye también un apéndice con la relación de hornos documentados en la ciudad entre 1460 y 1525
Sobre monjes y literatura monástica en la Córdoba Emiral.
Authors: Herrera Roldán Pedro
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo pretende analizar algunos aspectos del florecimiento de la vida monástica que se produjo en la Córdoba del siglo IX. De esa manera, una vez expuestas las evidencias existentes al respecto y tras aventurar algunas de las causas que pudieron propiciar este proceso, se pasa a rastrear las posibles huellas que dicho movimiento dejó en la literatura de los escritores cristianos de la época, en particular la presencia en ella de obras sobre monjes o vida monástica.
Nota a una Isra Iliyyah midrásica incluida en un Hadit de ‘Abd al-Malik B. Habib
Authors: Monferrer Sala Juan Pedro , Ibrahim Mauna
Published: February 2024

Estudio de un hadit contenido en el Kitab al-ta’rih (“Libro de la historia”), del andalusí ‘Abd al-Malik b. Habib, en el que se sitúa el texto y se ofrecen las fuentes rabínicas y apócrifas de las que depende el texto islámico. Al final, en apéndice, se ofrece la transliteración del texto árabe y su traducción, así como la redacción de la leyenda que recoge al-Ta‘labI en sus Qisas al-anbiyá’.
El ensanche occidental de la Córdoba Califal.
Authors: Ruiz Nieto Eduardo
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo recoge de manera generalizada algunas consideraciones en cuanto al urbanismo de los arrabales occidentales de la Qurtuba islámica y la organización interna de la típica vivienda hispanomusulmana, con sus estancias organizadas en torno al patio que ejerce de elemento aglutinador, como resultado de las diversas intervenciones arqueológicas desarrolladas a raíz de la expansión urbanística de la Córdoba actual.
Abastecimiento de carne. Problemática durante la Baja Edad Media hispánica.
Authors: Zapatero Mariana
Published: February 2024

Durante la Baja Edad Media hispánica, la economía dirigida era la propia del ámbito municipal, en tanto el concejo creó una organización institucional que protegía y controlaba el desarrollo comercial y los diversos procesos económicos. Sin embargo, la documentación manifiesta una variedad de problemas en el cumplimiento satisfactorio de dichos objetivos comerciales. La intervención concejil se hacía efectiva a través de la reglamentación y control de la totalidad de la comercialización de productos, pero este tipo de economía imponía restricciones que, tal vez nos preguntamos, si en ocasiones no contradecían los mismos resultados de buen aprovisionamiento que pretendían alcanzar. En particular, proponemos un primer análisis de la realidad bajomedieval española considerando la multiplicidad de ejes dinámicos que expliquen los problemas en el abastecimiento de la carne, tales como las dificultades coyunturales de los siglos XIV y XV y las peculiaridades regionales.
Medieval technical texts and experimental approaches. A theoretical perspective on the value of technical recipes as sources to reconstruct the history of medieval glassmaking practices
Authors: Govantes Edwards David Juan , Pearson John
Published: February 2024

This paper aims to present a theoretical perspective on the use of experimental approaches to enhance the value of medieval ’technical’ recipes as sources for the study of broader craft practices in the past. After presenting the nature of some of these texts and reviewing previous experimental studies related to medieval glassmaking, we explain several experiments based on the Epistola Abbreviatoria, a glassmaking-focused late medieval text from the Iberian Peninsula, to illustrate the potential of combining the study of these recipes and the experimental approach for a better understanding of wider glassmaking practices in the Middle Ages.
Discapacidad y uso de servicios de salud bucal en adultos mayores peruanos: análisis de una encuesta poblacional
Authors:   , Saavedra Cuya Martin Antonio
Published: February 2024

Objetivo Identificar la relación entre la condición de discapacidad y el uso irregular de los servicios de salud bucal en adultos mayores peruanos durante el año 2019. Métodos Se llevo a cabo un estudio de corte transversal de los datos secundarios de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES) 2019. La discapacidad fue la variable independiente que se midió mediante criterios del Grupo de Washington y la variable dependiente fue el uso irregular de los servicios de salud bucal, además se incluyeron posibles variables de confusión. Para estimar la magnitud de la asociación se usó la regresión de Poisson y se obtuvieron razones de prevalencia (RP) y sus intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados Se incluyeron los datos de 5235 adultos de 60 a más años. El 34,2% de los adultos mayores con discapacidad usaron irregularmente los servicios de salud bucal en comparación con el 18,9% de los adultos sin discapacidad. Asimismo, los adultos mayores con discapacidad tuvieron 42% más probabilidad de un uso irregular de los servicios de salud bucal en comparación con aquellos sin discapacidad, ajustado por múltiples variables de confusión (RP=1,42; IC95%: 1,17–1,73). Conclusiones En el Perú, los adultos mayores con discapacidad tuvieron un mayor uso irregular de los servicios de salud bucal, que sus pares sin discapacidad. Es necesario la implementación de políticas sanitarias que prioricen el acceso efectivo a servicios de salud bucal en este grupo poblacional más vulnerable a ENT, incluidas las enfermedades bucales.
Nivel de estrés del personal de Enfermería en servicios de hospitalización no Covid 19
Authors:   , Caldas Cordova Carmen , Patiño Canales Yadhira Melanne
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Describir el nivel de estrés del personal de enfermería en servicios de hospitalización no COVID-19. Materiales y Métodos: Enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, observacional, diseño no experimental de corte trasversal, con una población de 165, sobre una muestra de 135 por un muestreo no probabilística de manera intencional, se empleó el instrumento con la escala de Nursing Stress Scale (NSS). Los datos se procesaron en la herramienta de Microsoft Excel. Resultados: El 92% fueron mujeres, el tiempo de servicio fue de 2 años a más con 52,6%, el 56% tuvo un nivel medio de estrés, 43% indicó un nivel bajo, destacando el nivel de estrés medio en cada servicio de hospitalización; así también sobresalió nivel medio en el factor social (60%), no tener tiempo suficiente para realizar todas las tareas de enfermería (43.0%), no sabían que se debe decir al paciente o a su familia sobre su estado clínico y tratamiento (37.8%). Del mismo modo, destacó el nivel bajo del factor físico con la muerte de un paciente (19.3%) y el factor psicológico al sentirse insuficientemente preparado para ayudar emocionalmente al paciente (26.7%). Conclusiones: Se evidenció un nivel de estrés medio y bajo en el personal de enfermería, siendo un tema relevante y un área en la que también se debería intervenir.
Flowing Bottomhole Pressure during Gas Lift in Unconventional Oil Wells
Authors: Jin Miao , Emami-Meybodi Hamid , Ahmadi Mohammad
Published: February 2024

We present artificial neural network (ANN) models for predicting the flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) of unconventional oil wells under gas lift operations. Well parameters, fluid properties, production/injection data, and bottomhole gauge pressures from 16 shale oil wells in Permian Basin, Texas, USA, are analyzed to determine key parameters affecting FBHP during the gas lift operation. For the reservoir fluid properties, several pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) models, such as Benedict-Webb-Rubin (BWR); Lee, Gonzalez, and Eakin; and Standing, among others, are examined against experimentally tuned fluid properties (i.e., viscosity, formation volume factor, and solution gas-oil ratio) to identify representative fluid (PVT) models for oil and gas properties. Pipe flow models (i.e., Hagedorn and Brown; Gray, Begs and Brill; and Petalas and Aziz) are also examined by comparing calculated FBHP against the bottomhole gauge pressures to identify a representative pipe flow model. Training and test data sets are then generated using the representative PVT and pipe flow models to develop a physics-based ANN model. The physics-based ANN model inputs are hydrocarbon fluid properties, liquid flow rate (qL), gas-liquid ratio (GLR), water-oil ratio (WOR), well true vertical depth (TVD), wellhead pressure (Pwh), wellhead temperature (Twh), and temperature gradient (dT/dh). A data-based ANN model is also developed based on only TVD, Pwh, qL, GLR, and WOR. Both physics- and data-based ANN models are trained through hyperparameter optimization using genetic algorithm and K-fold validation and then tested against the gauge FBHP. The results reveal that both models perform well with the FBHP prediction from field data with a normalized mean absolute error (NMAE) of around 10%. However, a comparison between results from the physics- and data-based ANN models shows that the accuracy of the physics-based model is higher at the later phase of the gas lift operation when the steady-state pipe flow is well established. On the contrary, the data-based model performs better for the early phase of gas lift operation when transient flow behavior is dominant. Developed ANN models and workflows can be applied to optimize gas lift operations under different fluid and well conditions.
Construct Validity of the Braden Scale in Acute- and Long-term Care Settings in Austria: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis
Authors: Schumacher Petra , Mueller Gerhard
Published: February 2024

Background: The Braden scale is frequently used to assess pressure ulcer risk in health care settings. Selected psychometric properties have been tested using various methods of classical test theory in international studies. However, limited information on construct validity is available.
Aim was to determine if the Braden subscale items correlate with the construct pressure ulcer risk and whether the construct validity concerning the factor structure of the Braden scale is adequate in acute and long-term settings.
Methods: A quantitative design with secondary analysis of data from one acute (n = 328) and eight long-term care facilities (n = 311) in Austria was used to test construct validity. Data analysis included principal axis factor analysis with Promax rotation and assessment of internal consistency, followed by structural equation modeling.
Results: For the acute care setting, a structure equation model with two latent factors and for the long-term care setting with one latent factor was tested according to principal axis factoring results. The Braden subscale items correlated with the construct pressure ulcer risk. Almost all examined model fit indices were within recommended reference values. Thus, the construct validity of the Braden scale was adequate in both settings.
Conclusions: The factor structure in the acute care setting did not match that in the investigated long-term care setting. Further research regarding the construct validity of the Braden scale is therefore necessary.
WITHDRAWN: CBD in orofacial pain and TMD - a literature review
Authors: Walczyńska-Dragon Karolina , Nitecka-Buchta Aleksandra , Baron Stefan
Published: February 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Regarding the Gap between Prime Numbers
Authors: Thompson Daniel
Published: February 2024

Until now there is no efficient formula for determining the prime numbers. I show an efficient formula that takes only prime number values or multiples of 5, 7 and 11, and results in the successive prime number or a multiple of 5, 7 and 11. It is shown that by performing the same operation on a number that is a multiple of a prime number when using the formula will result in the next successive prime number value. The formula also identifies a pattern allowing mathematicians to begin at any random prime number and find the next successive prime number without fail.
The Assessment of Methods for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidies (PGT-A) Using a Universal Parameter: Implications for Costs and Mosaicism Detection
Authors: Belyaev Alexander , Tofilo Maria , Popov Sergey , Mazunin Ilya , Fomin Dmitry
Published: February 2024

Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) is used to increase live birth rates following in vitro fertilization. The assessment of different PGT-A methods to date has relied on non-universal parameters, e.g., sensitivity and specificity, that are individually stipulated for each study and typically performed using arbitrarily selected cell lines. Here we present an alternative approach that is based on an assessment of the median noise in a large dataset of routine clinical samples. Raw sequencing data obtained during PGT-A testing of 973 trophectoderm biopsies was used for comparison of two methods: VeriSeq PGS (Illumina) and AB-PGT (AB Vector). Three times less median noise was a feature of the AB-PGT method, thereby allowing the number of multiplexed samples per sequencing run to be increased from 24 with VeriSeq PGS to 72 with AB-PGT, thus effectively reducing the price per sample without compromising data quality. The improvement is attributed to a novel SuperDOP whole genome amplification technology combined with a simplified PGT-A protocol. We show that the median noise level associated with a large dataset of biopsies is a simple, universal metric for the assessment of PGT-A methods, which has implications for other screening methods, the detection of mosaicisms, and the improvement of fertility clinics’ practices.
Gender Opposition Recognition Method Fusing Emojis and Multi-features in Chinese Speech
Authors: Zhang Shunxiang , Ma Zichen , Li Hanchen , Liu Yunduo , Chen Lei , Li Kuan-Ching
Published: February 2024

Speech with gender opposition on the internet have been causing antagonism, gamophobia, and pregnancy phobia among young groups. Recognizing gender opposition speech contributes to maintaining a healthy online environment and security in cyberspace. Traditional recognition model ignores the Chinese-owned features and emojis, which inevitably affects the recognition accuracy of gender opposition. To tackle this issue, a gender opposition recognition method fusing emojis and multi-features in Chinese speech(GOR-CS) is proposed. Firstly, the exBERT method is employed to expand the encoding of emojis into the BERT vocabulary, which can ensure BERT to extract the basis vectors containing characters and emojis information. Then, the feature vectors containing Wubi, Zhengma, and Pinyin information are extracted by Word2Vec to obtain the Chinese-owned features of gender opposition text. Further, the proposed basis vector and feature vectors are fused and then fed into the Bi-GRU network to extract deeper semantics from input sentences. Finally, to determine whether the speech are related to gender opposition, the sentiment polarities are calculated with the fully connected layer and SoftMax function. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of gender opposition recognition.
Evaluation of intensive community care services for young people with psychiatric emergencies: study protocol for a multi-centre parallel group, single-blinded randomised controlled trial with an internal pilot phase.
Authors: Thaventhiran Thilipan , Wong Ben Hoi-Ching , Pilecka Izabela , Masood Saba , Atanda Opeyemi , Clacey Joe , Tolmac Jovanka , Wehncke Leon , Romaniuk Liana , Heslin Margaret , Tassie Emma , Chu Petrina , Bevan-Jones Rhys , Woolhouse Ruth , Mahdi Tauseef , Dobler Veronika Beatrice , Wait Mandy , Reavey Paula , Landau Sabine , Byford Sarah , Zundel Toby , Ougrin Dennis
Published: February 2024

Background
Over 3,000 young people under the age of 18 are admitted to Tier 4 Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) inpatient units across the UK each year. The average length of hospital stay for young people across all psychiatric units in the UK is 120 days. Research is needed to identify the most effective and efficient ways to care for young people (YP) with psychiatric emergencies. This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of intensive community care service (ICCS) compared to treatment as usual (TAU) for young people with psychiatric emergencies.
Methods
This is a multicentre two-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) with an internal pilot phase. Young people aged 12 to < 18 considered for admission at participating NHS organisations across the UK will be randomized 1:1 to either TAU or ICCS. The primary outcome is the time to return to or start education, employment, or training (EET) at six-months post randomisation. Secondary outcomes will include evaluations of mental health and overall well-being and patient satisfaction. Service use, and costs and cost-effectiveness will also be explored. Intention-to-treat analysis will be adopted. The trial is expected to be completed within 42 months, with an internal pilot phase in the first 12 months to assess the recruitment feasibility. A process evaluation using visual semi-structured interviews will be conducted with 42 young people and 42 healthcare workers.
Discussion
This trial is the first well-powered randomised controlled trial evaluating the clinical and cost-effectiveness of ICCS compared to TAU for young people with psychiatric emergencies in Great Britain.
Trial registration : ISRCTN: ISRCTN42999542
An extended w-test for outlier diagnostics in linear models
Authors: Yu Yangkang , Yang Ling , Shen Yunzhong
Published: February 2024

The issue of outliers has been a research focus in the field of geodesy. Based on a statistical testing method known as the w-test, data snooping along with its iterative form, iterative data snooping (IDS), is commonly used to diagnose outliers in linear models. However, in the case of multiple outliers, it may suffer from the masking and swamping effects, thereby limiting the detection and identification capabilities. This contribution is to investigate the cause of masking and swamping effects and to propose a new method to mitigate these phenomena. First, based on the data division, an extended form of the wtest with its reliability measure is proposed, and a theoretical reinterpretation of data snooping and IDS is provided. Then, to alleviate the effects of masking and swamping, a new outlier diagnostic method and its iterative form are presented, namely data refining and iterative data refining (IDR). In general, if the total observations are initially divided into an inlying set and an outlying set, data snooping can be considered a process of selecting outliers from a preset inlying set to the outlying set. In contrast, data refining is then a reverse process to transfer inliers from an outlying set to the inlying one. Both theoretical analysis and application examples show that IDR would keep stronger robustness than IDS due to the alleviation of masking and swamping effect, although it may pose a higher risk of precision loss when dealing with insufficient data.
Pareto-Principle in Rare Disease Education: Assessing the representation of ’common’ rare diseases in medical education and coding systems
Authors: Berger Alexandra , Grimm Kai Lars , Noll Richard , Wagner Thomas OF
Published: February 2024

Background: The Pareto Principle asserts that a large portion of results can be achieved with a small amount of effort. Wakap et al. found that around 80% of individuals with rare diseases (RD) suffer from one of 149 specific rare diseases. A significant challenge in the RD domain is the lack of information, compounded by the fact that most RD are not specifically codifiable in the ICD-10, leading to a deficit in reliable epidemiological data. Additionally, time constraints in medical education hinder the comprehensive teaching of all RD, contributing to the diagnostic odyssey problem through failure of recognizing diseases.
We identified the most and second most prevalent RD (prevalences of 1-5/10,000 and 1-9/100,000, respectively) from the Orphanet Epidemiology File, totaling 454 diseases. We investigated the feasibility of specific coding using ICD-10-GM and whether these diseases were explicitly listed in the subject catalog (GK) of the second state examination in human medicine in Germany. A two-sided chi-square test was employed to identify statistically significant differences between prevalence groups.
Results: Out of 454 diseases, a total of 34% could be specifically coded in ICD-10-GM, with 49% of diseases in the 1-5/10,000 prevalence range (153 RD) and 26% in the 1-9/100,000 range (301 RD) having specific codes. Approximately 15% of all investigated diseases were part of the GK, with 25% of the most prevalent and 10% of the second most prevalent RD group, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between prevalence groups concerning the presence of a specific ICD-10-GM code and inclusion in the GK.
Conclusions: Only 49% of the most prevalent RD can be specifically coded, highlighting the challenge of limited epidemiological data on RD. In Germany, the Alpha-ID was introduced in addition to ICD-10 in the inpatient setting to obtain more valid epidemiological data on RD. Recognizing the Pareto Principle's applicability, the study emphasizes the importance of including the most common rare diseases in medical education. While recognizing the limitations, especially in covering ultra-rare diseases, the study underscores the potential benefits of enhancing medical curricula to improve rare disease awareness and diagnostic accuracy.
The role of hemoadsorption in cardiac surgery – a systematic review
Authors: Matejic-Spasic Marijana , Lindstedt Sandra , Lebreton Guillaume , Dzemali Omer , Suwalski Piotr , Folliguet Thierry , Geidel Stephan , Klautz Robert J.M. , Baufreton Christophe , Livi Ugolino , Gunaydin Serdar , Deliargyris Efthymios N. , Wendt Daniel , Thielmann Matthias
Published: February 2024

Background
Despite advancements, cardiopulmonary bypass-assisted cardiac surgery still carries a significant risk for morbidity and mortality, often related to postoperative hyperinflammation. Hemoadsorption of cytokines and various exogenous and endogenous inflammation triggers has been increasingly used in cardiac surgery to mitigate the risk of inflammation-mediated complications. Clinical evidence so far has not provided definite answers concerning this adjunctive treatment. The current systematic review aimed to assess the role of perioperative hemoadsorption in cardiac surgery critically.
Methods
A comprehensive literature search with predefined criteria was conducted. The screening and selection process followed rigorous scientific principles (PRISMA statement). The search terms were chosen by applying neutral search keywords to perform a non-biased systematic search and retrieve all available data.
Results
The search resulted in 29 publications that were grouped and descriptively analyzed due to the remarkable variability in study designs, however, they all reported exclusively on CytoSorbâ therapy. CytoSorbâ use was proven feasible and safe with no unanticipated device-related adverse events reported in the retrieved articles. The most frequently reported clinical outcome associated with hemoadsorption was reduced vasopressor demand resulting in better hemodynamic stability.
Conclusions
The role of hemoadsorption in cardiac surgery seems to be justified in selected high-risk cases in infective endocarditis, aortic surgery, heart transplantation, and emergency surgery of patients under antithrombotic therapy, as well as in those who develop a dysregulated inflammatory response, vasoplegia, or septic shock postoperatively. Current evidence suggests limited value from CytoSorb® use in routine elective surgery and low-risk patients. Further evaluation in more extensive prospective trials is required concerning proper patient selection and postoperative timing and administration.