bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Management of Hybrid Power System in UUV Based on Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle
Authors: Gao Huizhong , Wang Junguang , Lu Jun , Zong Xiao
Published: July 2020

Hybrid power system which consists of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a battery has great perspective for Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs). As fuel cell’s working point has a direct relationship with its efficiency and lifetime, a key concern of the hybrid power system is the power distribution between the two parts. Aiming at minimizing the equivalent hydrogen cost, this work presents an optimal real-time energy management strategy based on the Pontryagin’s minimum principle. Compared with some other methods, this method possesses shorter calculation time and smaller storing space, which is helpful for online optimization in actual applications. In this research, a typical UUV working profile is tested with different initial co-state values to evaluate the proposed method, and the results indicate good robustness and effectiveness.
Power Reconstructing Method of Distributed Photovoltaic Based on the Temporal and Spatial Correlation
Authors: Li Shangqiang , Sun Rongfu , Qiao Ying , Lu Zongxiang
Published: July 2020

55GW distributed photovoltaic have been installed in China, but nearly half are connected to the low voltage level of 380V, without real-time power data acquisition. The sequential power data is needed to be reconstructed based on some related monitoring data. Current researches focus on outliers recovery, but not reconstruction from none. This paper explores the temporal and spatial correlation of power between adjacent centralized photovoltaic stations and proposes a large-scale missing power data reconstructing method based on the time-delay power correlation, the spatial geometric characteristics of stations and the thought of ensemble learning. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of the proposed method by simulation based on the real photovoltaic power data. The proposed method can get the better effect of data reconstructing compared with the traditional method, which only use the power curves of the nearest CP station to reconstruct the power curves of the DP station according the capacity conversion.
Combining machine learning algorithms and an incremental capacity analysis on 18650 cell under different cycling temperature and SOC range
Authors: Lai John , Chao David , Wu Alvin , Wang Carl
Published: July 2020

A novel way to apply machine learning algorithms on the incremental capacity analysis (dQ/dV) is developed to identify battery cycling conditions under different temperatures and working SOC ranges. Batteries are cycled under each combination of temperatures (-10oC, 25oC, 60oC) and SOC ranges (0-10%, 25-75%, 90-100%, 0-100%) up to 60 equivalent cycles. The discharge data is transformed into dQ/dV-V curve and its features of the peaks and valleys are further taken for machine learning. Both supervised and unsupervised machine learning algorithms (PCA and LDA) are applied to classify batteries in terms of temperature or SOC range. The results reveal that batteries cycled under different temperatures can be identified separately regardless of the working SOC range. When splitting 60 samples with a ratio of training set equals to 0.85, the remaining test set gives an identification accuracy of 89% in temperature and 67% in working SOC range.
The mini-neutron monitor: a new approach in neutron monitor design
Authors: Strauss Du Toit , Poluianov Stepan , van der Merwe Cobus , Krüger Hendrik , Diedericks Corrie , Krüger Helena , Usoskin Ilya , Heber Bernd , Nndanganeni Rendani , Blanco-Ávalos Juanjo , García-Tejedor Ignacio , Herbst Konstantin , Caballero-Lopez Rogelio , Moloto Katlego , Lara Alejandro , Walter Michael , Giday Nigussie Mezgebe , Traversi Rita
Published: July 2020

The near-Earth cosmic ray flux has been monitored for more than 70 years by a network of ground-based neutron monitors (NMs). With the ever-increasing importance of quantifying the radiation risk and effects of cosmic rays for, e.g., air and space-travel, it is essential to continue operating the existing NM stations, while expanding this crucial network. In this paper, we discuss a smaller and cost-effective version of the traditional NM, the mini-NM. These monitors can be deployed with ease, even to extremely remote locations, where they operate in a semi-autonomous fashion. We believe that the mini-NM, therefore, offers the opportunity to increase the sensitivity and expand the coverage of the existing NM network, making this network more suitable to near-real-time monitoring for space weather applications. In this paper, we present the technical details of the mini-NM’s design and operation, and present a summary of the initial tests and science results.
Verspätet erkannte Phlegmone bei diabetischem Fußsyndrom
Authors: Elsner P. , Meyer J.
Published: July 2020

Ein Patient mit insulinpflichtigem Diabetes mellitus Typ II und diabetischer Polyneuropathie entwickelte akut eine vesikulöse Hautveränderung am linken Fuß, die von einem Dermatologen unter der Diagnose eines Herpes simplex antiviral behandelt wurde. Erst mit 14-tägiger Verzögerung erfolgte die Diagnoseänderung als bakterielle Infektion und nach Wundabstrich eine interne Antibiose. Weitere diagnostische oder therapeutische Maßnahmen, außer Verbandswechsel mit lokaler Anwendung von antibakteriellen Kompressen, wurden nicht durchgeführt. Unter zunehmender Verschlechterung des Befundes und der Diagnose Phlegmone Vorfuß links wurde der Patient in eine chirurgische Praxis und dann in eine Klinik für Gefäßchirurgie überwiesen, wo es nach Amputation der 3. Zehe links sowie Nekrektomie mit offener Wundbehandlung und erregerspezifischer Antibiose über mehrere Monate zur Abheilung kam.

Die Schlichtungsstelle stellte einen groben Behandlungsfehler aufgrund des Verkennens der Diagnose, des nicht ausreichenden Einbezuges weiterführender diagnostischer Maßnahmen, einer nicht stadiengerechten Wundtherapie und fehlender Wundkontrollen fest. Nach Einschätzung der Schlichtungsstelle ist von einem schweren Fehler auszugehen. Ein schwerer Behandlungsfehler, der generell geeignet ist, einen Schaden der tatsächlich eingetretenen Art herbeizuführen, führt grundsätzlich zu einer Umkehr der objektiven Beweislast für den ursächlichen Zusammenhang zwischen dem Behandlungsfehler und dem primären Gesundheitsschaden.

Infektionen auf dem Boden eines diabetischen Fußsyndroms sind mit einer hohen Morbidität und Mortalität behaftet. Da sie klinisch blande verlaufen können, sollten bei jedem Verdacht eine engmaschige Wundkontrolle sowie eine leitliniengerechte Diagnostik und Therapie erfolgen. In der Zusammenarbeit mit pflegerischen Wundmanagern ist zu klären, ob diese in Delegation des Arztes oder in eigenständiger Verantwortung tätig werden können. Für die ärztliche Dokumentation ist bei der Versorgung von Patienten mit chronischen Wunden der Dermatologe selbst verantwortlich.
Verzögerte Diagnose und fehlerhafte Therapie von Basalzellkarzinomen
Authors: Elsner P. , Meyer J.
Published: July 2020

Eine 68-jährige Patientin wurde von einer dermatologischen Poliklinik unter der klinischen Verdachtsdiagnose von Basaliomen im Bereich der Stirn und des Ohres über 20 Monate topisch mit 5 % Imiquimod-Creme behandelt, ohne dass eine bioptische Sicherung vorgenommen wurde. Die danach erfolgte dermatohistologische Diagnostik ergab ein sklerodermiformes und ein noduläres Basalzellkarzinom. Eine operative Therapie erfolgte wegen mehrfacher mangelnder Tumorfreiheit der Exzisionsränder während multipler stationärer Aufenthalte.

Die Schlichtungsstelle bejahte einen ärztlichen Behandlungsfehler. Die Exzision stellt nach Facharztstandard die Therapie der ersten Wahl des Basalzellkarzinoms dar. Auch bei Patientenwunsch nach einer narbenfreien Therapie in kosmetisch sichtbaren Bereichen ist der ärztliche Entscheid zu einer Externatherapie bei klinischer Einordnung als Basalzellkarzinom vom sklerodermiformen bzw. nodulären Typ ohne histopathologische Sicherung als vermeidbare Fehlentscheidung einzuordnen. Spätestens bei Nichtabheilung nach der Erstbehandlung mit Imiquimod-5 %-Creme hätten zwingend eine Probebiopsie und eine histologische Befundsicherung erfolgen müssen. Es lag ein Befunderhebungsmangel vor, der zu einer Umkehr der Beweislast hinsichtlich der Kausalität des Behandlungsfehlers für den eingetretenen Schaden führte.

Der klinische Verdacht auf ein Basalzellkarzinom sollte zeitnah durch eine Probebiopsie oder Totalexzision dermatohistologisch bestätigt werden. Eine Therapie des Basalzellkarzinoms mit topischem Imiquimod ist nur für superfizielle Basalzellkarzinome indiziert; bei Nichtansprechen nach 12 Wochen ist eine andere Therapie zu wählen.
Primary Lymphoma Presenting in an Ascending Aortic Aneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: Schurman Alexander M. , Mendoza David , Rokkas Chris K.
Published: July 2020

Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) is rarely associated with thoracic aortic aneurysms. Aneurysm of the ascending aorta associated with SLL has never been reported before. We describe the case of an asymptomatic 68-year-old woman who presented with a 5.5-cm aneurysm of the ascending aorta and no prior history of hematological disorders. Following excision and repair, the surgical specimen showed infiltration of the aortic wall by lymphocytes, expressing markers consistent with SLL. While symptomatic SLL carries a poor prognosis, risk stratification tools are applied to guide management strategies in asymptomatic patients.
Concise Total Synthesis of (+)-Atlanticone C
Authors: Bach Thorsten , Proessdorf Johanna , Zech Andreas , Jandl Christian
Published: July 2020

The first enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-atlanticone C is described. The complex tricyclic protoilludane core was rapidly assembled by a photochemical reaction cascade starting from an easily accessible indanone precursor (3 steps). Optimization of an enantioselective Corey–Bakshi–Shibata reduction permitted a catalytic chiral reso­lution of the racemic photoproduct (45% over two steps; up to 98% ee). The enantiomerically enriched photoproduct was efficiently transformed into the (+)-enantiomer of atlanticone C (10 steps; 18% yield), and the absolute configuration of naturally occurring (–)-atlanticone C was thereby determined.
A Stable Precursor for Bioorthogonally Removable 3-Isocyanopropyloxycarbonyl (ICPrc) Protecting Groups
Authors: Franzini Raphael M. , Tu Julian , Xu Minghao
Published: July 2020

Studies have established 3-isocyanopropyloxycarbonyl (ICPrc) moieties as bioorthogonally removable protecting groups. However, reagents to prepare ICPrc-protected amines are unstable, which critically limits the practical implementation of this chemistry. Here we report 3-isocyanopropyl (pentafluorophenyl) carbonates as bench-stable precursors for the synthesis of ICPrc-protected primary and secondary amines. The utility of the chemistry for bioconjugation applications is demonstrated by reversibly masking a lysine residue on a bioactive peptide.
Pattern of Live Births in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, According to Robson Groups and the Kotelchuck Index Classification - 2015/2016
Authors: Alcantara Luciana Leite de Mattos , Almeida Núbia Karla de Oliveira , Almeida Renan Moritz Varnier Rodrigues de
Published: July 2020

Objective To investigate the patterns of hospital births in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil, between 2015 and 2016; considering the classification of obstetric characteristics proposed by Robson and the prenatal care index proposed by Kotelchuck.

Methods Data obtained from the Information System on Live Births of the Informatics Department of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SINASC/DATASUS, in the Portuguese acronym) databases were used to group pregnant women relatively to the Robson classification. A descriptive analysis was performed for each Robson group, considering the variables: maternal age, marital status, schooling, parity, Kotelchuck prenatal adequacy index and gestational age. A logistic model estimated odds ratios (ORs) for cesarean sections (C-sections), considering the aforementioned variables.

Results Out of the 456,089 live births in Rio de Janeiro state between 2015 and 2016, 391,961 records were retained, 60.3% of which were C-sections. Most pregnant women (58.6%) were classified in groups 5, 2 or 3. The percentage of C-sections in the Robson groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 8 was much higher than expected. Prenatal care proved to be inadequate for women who subsequently had a vaginal delivery, had an unfavorable family structure and a lower socioeconomic status (mothers without partners and with lower schooling), compared with those undergoing cesarean delivery. For a same Robson group, the chance of C-section increases when maternal age rises (OR = 3.33 for 41–45 years old), there is the presence of a partner (OR = 1.81) and prenatal care improves (OR = 3.19 for “adequate plus”).

Conclusion There are indications that in the state of RJ, from 2015 to 2016, many cesarean deliveries were performed due to nonclinical factors.
The Role of Interventional Radiologists in the Treatment of Congenital Lymphatic Malformations
Authors: Cronan Julie , Gill Anne E. , Shah Jay H. , Hawkins C. Matthew
Published: July 2020

Lymphatic malformations are low-flow vascular malformations that are typically apparent in the pediatric population and can cause significant functional limitations and effects on quality of life. While surgical resection has historically been the mainstay of therapy, percutaneous sclerotherapy has garnered increasing popularity due to its efficacy and low complication rates. The role of interventional radiology in the multidisciplinary management of these often complex malformations requires thorough understanding of the disease process. This article will review the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, imaging workup, and management options of lymphatic malformations. Special attention will be devoted to available sclerosants, the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor sirolimus, and complex lymphatic anomalies.
Lymphedema: Conventional to Cutting Edge Treatment
Authors: Wang Duane , Lyons Daniel , Skoracki Roman
Published: July 2020

Lymphedema of the extremities related to oncologic therapies such as cancer surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy is a major long-term cause of morbidity for cancer patients. Both nonsurgical and surgical management strategies have been developed. The goals of these therapies are to achieve volume reduction of the affected extremity, a reduction in patient symptoms, and a reduction in associated morbidities such as recurrent soft-tissue infections. In this article, we review both nonsurgical and surgical management strategies. Traditional surgical therapy has focused on more ablative techniques such as the Charles procedure and suction-assisted lipectomy/liposuction. However, newer more physiologic surgical methods such as lymphovenous anastomoses and vascularized lymph node transfers have become a more common treatment modality for the management of this complex problem.
Relationship between Expenses on Nutritional Therapy and Mortality Rate in Public Hospitals in Salvador, Bahia: An Ecological Study
Authors: Oliveira Beatriz Maiane Gonçalves , Coêlho Larissa Antônia Valois , Figueiredo Pedro Carlos Muniz de , Pimentel Rodrigo Fernandes Weyll
Published: July 2020

Nutritional therapy (NT) is a set of procedures that maintain or recover the nutritional status. In hospitals, there is a prevalence of 15% to 60% of cases of malnourishment. Malnutrition is related to an increase in infections, immune system dysfunction, longer hospital length of stay and higher mortality. Therefore, a multidisciplinary nutrition therapy team (MNTT) is indispensable. There are gaps regarding the impact of these procedures. The present study aims to analyze the relationship between the expenses on NT and the mortality rate in public hospitals in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The present is an ecological study, and data were collected from the Computer Sciences Department of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS, in Portuguese), regarding the expenses on enteral nutritional therapy (ENT) and parenteral nutritional therapy (PNT) and the mortality rate in public hospitals, from January 2008 to December 2018. The analyses were developed to enable the determination of the exposure associated with the health indicator studied through the adjustment of the curves. The expenses on NT correlated with the mortality rate were represented as a geometric regression curve, revealing a negative β coefficient (-0.3648), showing an inversely proportional relationship (p = 0.0096). For the expenses on ENT, a geometric regression was evidenced, revealing a negative β coefficient (-1.8790), demonstrating an inversely proportional relationship (p = 0.0034). The expenses on PNT evidenced a logarithmic regression, revealing a negative β coefficient (-9824,7295), but with no statistical significance (p = 0.4767). Hospitals that do not provide NT have shown a growth tendency regarding the mortality rate. We concluded that the implementation of a MNTT in public hospitals seems to reduce the mortality rate in the hospital.
Chloroquine and COVID-19: Should We Care about Ototoxicity?
Authors: Monteiro Eduardo Machado Rossi , Nascimento Maria Fernanda Lima , Brito Thayanne Rachel Cangussu , Lima Marcos Correia , Sefair Laura Rodrigues , Pedrosa Maisa Mendes
Published: July 2020

Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was first described in December 2019 in China leading to a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. It was named by the World Health Organization as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and it garnered unprecedented attention from public health researchers around the world, and studies analyzing chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as a possible therapy have arisen in the last 2 months.

Objective To review the literature and describe updated facts about the ototoxicity of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, an important side effect that can be present in patients with COVID-19 treated with these drugs.

Data Synthesis The most typical treatment regimen is 5 days of hydroxychloroquine at daily doses of 400 to 600 mg. There is no randomized clinical trial that can prove so far the efficacy of this medication, and few studies have evaluated adverse events potentially linked to their use in patients with COVID-19. While there is no concrete evidence on the incidence of ototoxicity using chloroquine in the short term, we need to consider that, as a pandemic disease, millions of patients with COVID-19 may receive this treatment, and ototoxicity can be a possible adverse event.

Conclusion Despite the urgent global situation caused by the COVID-19, the risk of irreversible hearing loss may outweigh the unproven benefit of using hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine, especially in patients with mild forms of COVID-19, who may be cured with supportive treatment. The potential hearing loss that can be caused by these medications may advise against their use in COVID-19 patients.
Factors Associated with Occurrence of Stillbirth before 32 Weeks of Gestation in a Contemporary Cohort
Authors: Brackett Elizabeth E. , Hall Eric S. , DeFranco Emily A. , Rossi Robert M.
Published: July 2020

Objective We sought to quantify the distribution of stillbirths by gestational age (GA) in a contemporary cohort and to determine identifiable risk factors associated with stillbirth prior to 32 weeks of gestation.

Study Design Population-based case-control study of all stillbirths in the United States during the year 2014, utilizing vital statistics data, obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics. Distribution of stillbirths were stratified by 20 to 44 weeks of GA, in women diagnosed with stillbirth in the antepartum period. Pregnancy characteristics were compared between those diagnosed with stillbirth <32 versus ≥32 weeks of gestation. Multivariate logistic regression estimated the relative influence of various factors on the outcome of stillbirth prior to 32 weeks of gestation.

Results There were 15,998 nonlaboring women diagnosed with stillbirth during 2014 in the United States between 20 and 44 weeks. Of them, 60.1% (n = 9,618) occurred before antenatal fetal surveillance (ANFS) is typically initiated (<32 weeks) and 39.9% (n = 6,380) were diagnosed at ≥32 weeks. Women with stillbirth prior to 32 weeks were more likely to be of non-Hispanic Black race (29.0 vs. 23.9%, p < 0.001), nulliparous (53.8 vs. 50.6%, p = 0.001), have chronic hypertension (CHTN; 6.0 vs. 4.3%, p < 0.001), and fetal growth restriction as evidenced by small for GA (SGA < 10th%) birth weight (44.8 vs. 42.1%, p < 0.001) as opposed to women with stillbirth after 32 weeks. After adjustment, SGA birth weight (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–1.3), Black race (aOR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1–1.3), and CHTN (aOR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1–1.5) were associated with stillbirth prior to 32 weeks of gestation as opposed to stillbirth after 32 weeks.

Conclusion More than 6 out of 10 stillbirths in this study occurred <32 weeks of gestation, before ANFS is typically initiated under American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommendations. Among identifiable risk factors, CHTN, Black race, and fetal growth restriction were associated with higher risk of stillbirth before 32 weeks of gestation. Earlier ANFS may be warranted at in certain “at risk” women.

Key Points
Extremist ideology as a complex contagion: the spread of far-right radicalization in the United States between 2005 and 2017
Authors: Youngblood Mason
Published: July 2020

Increasing levels of far-right extremist violence have generated public concern about the spread of radicalization in the United States. Previous research suggests that radicalized individuals are destabilized by various environmental (or endemic) factors, exposed to extremist ideology, and subsequently reinforced by members of their community. As such, the spread of radicalization may proceed through a social contagion process, in which extremist ideologies behave like complex contagions that require multiple exposures for adoption. In this study, I applied an epidemiological method called two-component spatio-temporal intensity modeling to data from 416 far-right extremists exposed in the United States between 2005 and 2017. The results indicate that patterns of far-right radicalization in the United States are consistent with a complex contagion process, in which reinforcement is required for transmission. Both social media usage and group membership enhance the spread of extremist ideology, suggesting that online and physical organizing remain primary recruitment tools of the far-right movement. In addition, I identified several endemic factors, such as poverty, that increase the probability of radicalization in particular regions. Future research should investigate how specific interventions, such as online counter-narratives to battle propaganda, may be effectively implemented to mitigate the spread of far-right extremism in the United States.
Standardization and validity of Chefmania, a video game designed as a cognitive screening test for children
Authors: Apiquian Rogelio , Ulloa Rosa Elena , Victoria Gamaliel , Gómez-Tello María Fernanda , Morales Enrique , García-Covarrubias Luis
Published: July 2020

The potential of video games as diagnostic tools for cognitive deficits has been poorly studied. There is a lack of well-designed studies addressing the psychometric properties and standardization values of video games. Chefmania is a video game designed as a screening test in Spanish to determine cognitive alterations, as well as academic concepts such as number, space, time, and instructions follow-up in children above 6 years of age. The present study aimed to evaluate the validity of Chefmania as well as the normative values of a Mexican sample. The standardization included 266 children divided into three age groups: 6–7, 8–9, and 10–12 years olds; concurrent validity was determined by the correlation between Chefmania and other standardized cognitive batteries. Discriminant validity was determined by the comparison of Chefmania scores between school children and children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Standardization showed an age effect, where older children performed better in Chefmania subtests. Chefmania showed significant and moderate correlations with other cognitive batteries. Children with ADHD showed poorer performance. Chefmania is a valid instrument for the assessment of cognition and is suitable for use in schools.
The essential role of redox potential/equilibrium constant in the ability of non-equilibrium plasma for nano-synthesis in liquids
Authors: Thai Van-Phuoc , Furuno Hideto , Saito Nobuo , Takahashi Kazumasa , Sasaki Toru , Kikuchi Takashi
Published: July 2020

In this study, we investigated the role of redox potential in the ability of nano-synthesis by plasma–liquid interactions. From redox potential, a parameter featured the standard Gibbs free energy, and the equilibrium constant of a reduction reaction can be determined. Our calculation showed that the reactions of AuCl4−/Au0 with a redox potential of 1.0 V and Cu2+/Cu0 of 0.34 V have equilibrium constants of approximately 1050 and 1011, respectively. The results are significant to explain the failure in the copper nanoparticle synthesis in the process of nucleation through the Lamer theory. To compare these results to experimental data, the nanoparticles synthesized in a mixed solution of AuCl4− and Cu2+ by AC glow discharge were characterized. The experimental results showed that there were only gold nanoparticles synthesized even though the concentration of gold ions is 200 times smaller. Other results of silver and platinum nanoparticles were also agreeable to the theory. Our findings provide a prediction to explain the ability in the nano-synthesis by plasma in contact with liquid for any noble metals.
Risk factors for non-participation in a universal developmental surveillance program in a population in Australia
Authors: Ayer Chandra , Eapen Valsamma , Overs Bronwyn , Descallar Joseph , Jalaludin Bin , Eastwood John Graeme , Dissanayake Cheryl , Williams Katrina , Murphy Elisabeth , Woolfenden Susan ,   for the Watch Me Grow Study Group
Published: July 2020

Objectives This study examined the risk factors for non-participation in a developmental surveillance program in a population in south-west Sydney with a high proportion of culturally diverse and socioeconomically disadvantaged people. Methods Data from 850 and 625 12- and 18-month-old children respectively from the Watch Me Grow (WMG) birth cohort were used for this study. Logistic regression models were used to assess risk factors for 12- and 18-month non-attendance at Well Child Visits, as well as non-completion of the developmental surveillance questionnaire Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS) in the child’s personal health record (PHR). Results Independent risk factors for non-attendance at Well Child Visits were female sex of the child (odds ratio (OR) 12 months 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0–2.3), mother’s country of birth Australia (OR 18 months 1.8; 95% CI 1.2–2.7), annual household income less than A$25 001 (OR 12 months 1.8; 95% CI 1.0–3.2) and residing in a socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhood (OR 12 months 1.7; 95% CI 1.1–2.5). Independent risk factors for non-completion of PEDS in those who did not attend the Well Child Visit compared with those who did attend and did complete PEDS were household annual income at birth less than A$25 001 (OR 12 months 3.9; 95% CI 1.9–8.1) and residing in a socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhood (OR 12 months 2.1 (95% CI 1.2–3.7) and OR 18 months 2.0 (95% CI 1.2–3.6)). Conclusions In this population, children exposed to socioeconomic disadvantage are less likely to have attended a Well Child Visit and to have a completed PEDS in their PHR at 12 and/or 18 months of age. What is known about the topic? Developmental problems are common in early childhood, and children from socioeconomically disadvantaged households are at higher risk. Universal developmental surveillance programs may be effective at early identification of children at risk of developmental problems. Early childhood interventions, when accessed, can lessen the effects of developmental problems in later years. What does this paper add? This paper highlights that children exposed to socioeconomic disadvantage in early childhood who are at higher risk of having developmental problems are also at higher risk of missing out on early identification by non-participation in universal developmental surveillance. What are the implications for practitioners? A more equitable model of developmental surveillance should include a framework of proportionate universalism to ensure optimal engagement of high-risk population groups.
Corrigendum to: Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of dry-cured loin made from pigs fed Allium hookeri added whey powder and sensory trait evaluation using electronic tongue
Authors: Kim Ji-Han , Kim Jung-Ho , Jang Hyun-Joo , Lee Hyun-Jin , Lee Chi-Ho
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with Allium hookeri (A. hookeri) added whey powder on the physicochemical characteristics of dry-cured loin (CON, basal diet; AH, addition of 1% A. hookeri; AHW, addition of 0.5% A. hookeri and 4% whey powder) during manufacturing (pre- and post-salting, drying and ripening process) and analyse their sensory characteristics using electronic tongue. Crude fat and weight yield of AH were higher (P P P P
Amelioration of sperm count and sperm quality by lycopene supplementation in irradiated mice
Authors: Dobrzyńska Małgorzata M. , Gajowik Aneta
Published: July 2020

Male mice were exposed to lycopene (LYC; 0.15 and 0.30mg kg−1) and irradiation (0.5, 1 Gy) alone or in combination (0.5 Gy+0.15mg kg−1 LYC; 0.5 Gy+0.30mg kg−1 LYC; 1 Gy+0.15mg kg−1 LYC; 1 Gy+0.30mg kg−1 LYC) for 2 weeks. LYC administration in the drinking water was started 24h or on Day 8 after the first irradiation dose or equivalent time point for groups treated with LYC alone. Sperm count, motility, morphology and DNA damage were determined at the end of the 2-week treatment period. Irradiation deteriorated sperm count and quality. Supplementation with LYC from 24h significantly increased the sperm count compared with irradiation alone. In almost all combined treatment groups, the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa was significantly decreased compared with that after irradiation alone. In some cases, combined treatment reduced levels of DNA damage in gametes. Both doses of LYC administered from Day 8 significantly reduced the percentage of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa compared with that seen after 1 Gy irradiation and reduced DNA damage in all combined treatment groups. In conclusion, LYC supplementation after irradiation can ameliorate the harmful effects of irradiation on gametes. Mitigation of radiation-induced damage in germ cells following LYC administration may be useful for radiological accidents and to protect non-treated tissues in patients with cancer undergoing radiotherapy.
Observing 3-hydroxyanthranilate-3,4-dioxygenase in action through a crystalline lens
Authors: Wang Yifan , Liu Kathy Fange , Yang Yu , Davis Ian , Liu Aimin
Published: July 2020

Significance

NAD
+
plays a critical role in redox-linked biological reactions as a cofactor or substrate. The knowledge of its de novo biosynthesis in mammals and certain bacteria is incomplete due to missing information of a nonheme iron dioxygenase mechanism and the conformation of its product that nonenzymatically produces the universal NAD
+
precursor, quinolinic acid. To date, how the enzyme regulates the nonenzymatic product remains unknown. This work fills the gap by combining single-crystal spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic studies. The results provide a comprehensive view of the dioxygenase mechanism by enabling step-by-step visualization of the catalytic cycle and the protein dynamics during catalysis. Additionally, how the enzyme regulates the pathway product distributions, including the nonenzymatic product of biologically significant compound, is proposed.
Tensor form factors of P→ P, S, V and A transitions within standard and covariant light-front approaches *
Authors: Chang Qin , Wang Xiao-Lin , Wang Li-Ting
Published: July 2020

We investigate the tensor form factors of

, and A transitions within the standard light-front (SLF) and the covariant light-front (CLF) quark models (QMs). The self-consistency and Lorentz covariance of CLF QM are analyzed via these quantities, and the effects of zero-mode are discussed. For the

and A transitions, besides the inconsistency between the results extracted via longitudinal and transverse polarization states, which is caused by the residual

-dependent spurious contributions, we find and analyze a “novel” self-consistence problem of the traditional CLF QM, caused by different strategies for dealing with the trace term in CLF matrix element. A possible solution to the problems of traditional CLF QM is discussed and confirmed numerically. Finally, the theoretical predictions for the tensor form factors of some

and

(

) induced

and A transitions are updated within the CLF QM with a self-consistent scheme.
Lattice study of two-photon decay widths for scalar and pseudo-scalar charmonium *
Authors: Chen Ying , Gong Ming , Li Ning , Liu Chuan , Liu Yu-Bin , Liu Zhaofeng , Ma Jian-Ping , Meng Yu , Xiong Chao , Zhang Ke-Long
Published: July 2020

This exploratory study computes two-photon decay widths of pseudo-scalar (

) and scalar (

) charmonium using two ensembles of

twisted mass lattice QCD gauge configurations. The simulation is performed using two lattice ensembles with lattice spacings

fm with size

and

fm with size

. The decay widths for the two charmonia are obtained within the expected ballpark, but are however smaller than the experimental ones. Possible reasons for these discrepancies are discussed.
Heavy flavor dissociation in framework of multi-body Dirac equations *
Authors: Shi Shuzhe , Zhao Jiaxing , Zhuang Pengfei
Published: July 2020

We study heavy flavor properties at finite temperature in the framework of a relativistic potential model. Using an improved method to solve the three-body Dirac equation, we determine a universal set of model parameters for both mesons and baryons by fitting heavy flavor masses in vacuum. Taking heavy quark potential from lattice QCD simulations in hot medium, we systematically calculate heavy flavor binding energies and averaged sizes as functions of the temperature. The meson and baryons are separately sequentially dissociated in the quark-gluon plasma, and the mesons can survive at higher temperatures owing to the stronger potential between quark-antiquark pairs than that between quark-quark pairs.
Investigation of neutron density distribution of 208Pb nucleus when the proton density is constrained to its experimental distribution
Authors: Abdulghany A. R.
Published: July 2020

In this study, two novel improvements for the theoretical calculation of neutron distributions are presented. First, the available experimental proton distributions are used as a constraint rather than inferred from the calculation. Second, the recently proposed distribution formula, d3pF, is used for the neutron density, which is more detailed than the usual shapes, for the first time in a nuclear structure calculation. A semi-microscopic approach for binding energy calculation is considered in this study. However, the proposed improvements can be introduced to any other approach. The ground state binding energy and neutron density distribution of 208Pb nucleus are calculated by optimizing the binding energy considering three different distribution formulae. The implementation of the proposed improvements leads to qualitative and quantitative improvements in the calculation of the binding energy and neutron density distribution. The calculated binding energy agrees with the experimental value, and the calculated neutron density exhibits fluctuations within the nuclear interior, which corresponds with the predictions of self-consistent approaches.
Calculations of the α-decay properties of Z = 120, 122, 124, 126 isotopes *
Authors: Ge Zhishuai , Zhang Gen , Cheng Shihui , Tsyganov Yu. S. , Zhang Feng-Shou
Published: July 2020

The α-decay properties of even-Z nuclei with Z = 120, 122, 124, 126 are predicted. We employ the generalized liquid drop model (GLDM), Royer's formula, and universal decay law (UDL) to calculate the

-decay half-lives. By comparing the theoretical calculations with the experimental data of known nuclei from Fl to Og, we confirm that all the employed methods can reproduce the

-decay half-lives well. The preformation factor

and

-decay energy

show that

120,

122, and

124 might be stable. The

-decay half-lives show a peak at Z = 120, N = 184, and the peak vanishes when Z = 122, 124, 126. Based on detailed analysis of the competition between

-decay and spontaneous fission, we predict that nuclei nearby N = 184 undergo

-decay. The decay modes of

120,

122,

124, and

126 are also presented.
Temporal trends of the association between ambient temperature and cardiovascular mortality: a 17-year case-crossover study
Authors: Lu Peng , Zhao Qi , Xia Guoxin , Xu Rongbin , Hanna Liz , Jiang Jing , Li Shanshan , Guo Yuming
Published: July 2020

Aim. To examine the temporal variations of the association between ambient temperature and mortality for cardiovascular diseases in Queensland, Australia between 1997 and 2013.

Methods. We obtained 147 238 cardiovascular deaths data from Queensland Health between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2013. Time-stratified case-crossover design was fitted via the conditional quasi-Poisson regression with time-varying distributed lag non-linear model to estimate the associations between temperature and cardiovascular mortality. Stratified analyses were performed by age, sex, climate zone, and socioeconomic status.

Results. We found a substantial decrease in the cold effect, while there was no significant change in the heat effect. Results of subgroup analyses showed an increasing trend for heat effects in men, people ⩽84 years old, those living in low and middle socioeconomic areas and those living in hot climate areas. There was a decreasing trend for the magnitude of associations between temperature (both cold and hot temperatures) and cardiovascular mortality in people ⩾85 years old and in areas of high socioeconomic status.

Conclusions. The associations between cold temperature and cardiovascular mortality decreased in Queensland, Australia between 1997 and 2013, but no declines were observed for hot temperatures. Men, people ⩽84 years old, people living in low and middle socioeconomic score areas and people living in hot climate areas demonstrated increased susceptibility to hot temperatures. Our findings suggest a need for heat awareness health promotion campaigns to enhance adaptation to a warming climate among vulnerable population.
Study on the key factors of the sustainable development of environmental protection PPP projects in China
Authors: Hu Qiliang
Published: July 2020

With the progress of society and the building of a community with a Shared future for mankind, environmental protection has gradually become the top priority in China’s infrastructure construction. The government and private capital jointly carry out the infrastructure construction of environmental protection PPP projects. In the construction of environmental protection PPP project, whether the sustainable development is the key to the success of the project. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the key factors of PPP project’s sustainable development for the successful implementation of the project. By constructing the key factors of sustainable development of environmental protection PPP projects, the principal component analysis method is used to identify and classify the key factors of sustainable development. It is concluded that the key factors of the sustainable development of PPP projects include sustainable economic and social benefits, sustainable engineering, sustainable resources and environment, and sustainable project management. Through the implementation and construction of key factors of environmental protection PPP project, the sustainable development of the project can be improved, so that the ecological environment can be protected in the long run.
Theoretical Analysis of Environmental Regulation and Enterprise Behavior
Authors: Pang Lei , xiaolei Chen
Published: July 2020

From a traditional point of view, we are caught in the dilemma of eco-protection and economic development. Enterprises see environment protection as a confinement to their economic activities as it hinders freedom of production and reaction and generates extra cost to meet environmental regulations, thus compromising profitability and competitiveness. However, according to Michael Porter, it is unwise for enterprises to raise environmental standards and new regulations on environment. A rational set of environmental regulations could stimulate innovation, which would improve resource utilization and make up for increased initial cost caused by environmental regulations, thus ensuring competitiveness. Therefore, what is the mechanism of environmental regulations working on enterprise behavior? A decent understanding and appropriate handling of the relationship between environmental regulations would not only highlight Chinese enterprises in globalization but also play an active role in promoting sustainable social and economic development.

The paper started with an introduction of environmental regulations from its definition, classification, and channels, followed by descriptions of enterprise behaviors. Then the paper discussed the impact of environmental regulation on enterprise behaviors, including maximizing profits, technical innovation, and competitive behaviors. The production and cost function of enterprises related to environmental factors were used to establish the measurement model of enterprises’ technological innovation. In the last part, this paper proposed measures and suggestions for improving social and economic effects of enterprises.
Numerical simulation and prediction of chlorinated hydrocarbon migration in eastern Jinan
Authors: Zhang Shuaiji , Ma Zhenmin , Liu Shusen
Published: July 2020

In this paper, the pollution of carbon tetrachloride in the Groundwater system is taken as the main research object. By selecting the monitoring sample points of shallow groundwater and using MT3DMS module in GMS numerical simulation software to establish the migration and transformation model of typical chlorinated hydrocarbons. Sequentially, predicting the development trend of carbon tetrachloride pollution. The results show that with the passage of time, the concentration of pollutants decreases due to the adsorption and attenuation of solid phase media, the pollution range of carbon tetrachloride decreases, and the overall pollution degree of carbon tetrachloride in karst water decreases. From the simulation results, the concentration time-duration curves of the typical points in different parts of the southern, central and northern parts of the pollution plume were extracted, and the linear equation was used for fitting. The fitting effect is good and conforms to the first-order attenuation equation, providing ideas for the prevention and treatment of chlorinated hydrocarbon pollution in the subsequent groundwater.
Concrete Cracking Control of Chamber wall in Jiepai Ship-lock Project
Authors: Sheng Z B , Deng C L , Xiong J B
Published: July 2020

Based on analysis of crack problem of chamber wall ship lock expansion project in Jiepai province, the related research of countermeasures have been made, to solve the cracks occurs in the structure. The countermeasure of cracks are analysed by monitoring internal-external temperature and shrinkage stress of chamber wall. It is provided that the rational measures could make less cracks occur, including fiber lattice with curing of insulation and moisture materials and optimization of proportion mix. A series of investigations are carried out insitu and prove countermeasures of cracking control effectively. This paper states the technical details and developing of inner temperature and shrinkage in chamber wall by adopting above measures.
Research on Seismic Performance of Bottom Frame Structure Based on Pushover Method
Authors: Deng Hongyu , Hao Xiaopan
Published: July 2020

To study the seismic performance and seismic capacity evaluation method of the bottom frame structure, this paper adopts a five-story bottom frame structure as an example, and uses SAP2000 finite element software to establish an analytical model on Pushover analysis. The results show that Pushover analysis is an effective method to evaluate the seismic performance of the structure. The impact on the bottom frame structure of the high-order vibration modes under the earthquake is negligible, mainly because the first-order vibration mode plays a controlling role, and the lateral force adopts the inverted triangle Load distribution mode loading is feasible, and the bottom frames structure after formal construction and design according to the specifications can meet the requirements of seismic performance.
A study on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Green Travel for College Students
Authors: Yuan Yifu , Zhang Qiuping , Mao An , Luo Yujie
Published: July 2020

With the rapid development of urbanization, a number of problems such as traffic congestion and air pollution are becoming more and more serious. Green travel is an important part of urban planning, which can effectively alleviate environmental pollution. As an important part of urban population, college students have distinct characteristics in travel demand, travel mode, and other aspects. Their cognition of green travel also has a tremendous impact on urban traffic planning and development. Taking Shandong Agricultural University as a case study, this study investigated the green travel situation of college students in the form of questionnaire, and analyzed their travel characteristics and influencing factors. Most people think that when dealing with the traffic problems, the government should play a major role and put forward rectification measures; in the existing green travel mode, the use frequency of bicycles or electric vehicles is not very high, and there are many problems in the use process; for short-distance travel, many people use walking or co-riding, etc. After analyzing the relevant factors, this study proposed targeted measures to encourage and guide students to choose green travel.
On the development of exponential regression analysis concerning occupant density and space form to predict energy consumption of outpatient department in hospital
Authors: Yuan Shi , Ge Li , Zhengyu Fan
Published: July 2020

In outpatient area of medical buildings, the distribution of people and energy consumption are significantly different when the space form scale changes. To obtain the simulation results of energy consumption under different occupant densities and different space forms, then establish a predictive regression model which can quantify the influence on building energy when space form scale and occupant density change, the Design Builder software is used to simulate the energy consumption. On the basis of the above simulations, this paper explores the characteristics and rules of energy-saving form of outpatient area which could provide references for the low-energy medical building design. The results show that when the total area of the outpatient department is constant, the energy consumption decreases when the occupant density increases; when the width of the peripheral zone increases, the energy consumption increases accordingly. The specific value of energy consumption can be predicted by regression model.