bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Characterization of Dissimilar Alloys Joined using Electron Beam Welding: Technical Note
Authors: Bupesh Raja V.K. , Krishnaraj C. , Logesh K.
Published: August 2018

Electron Beam Welding (EBW) is used in various industrial applications for joining dissimilar metals due to its accuracy and good quality joints. International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is the first experimental fusion power generating reactor in India. It uses a host of metals and alloys like Ti-6Al-4V, Ni-Al bronze and a special copper alloy (CRZ). This investigation aims to study the metallurgical and mechanical aspects of CRZ alloy and its EBW joint with a dissimilar metal like Nickel and stainless steel. Characterization includes material composition and effect of heat-treatment. The CRZ alloys were solution annealed at the temperature of 980 degrees C for 15 minutes and then aged at 460-480 degrees C for 4.5 hrs. The EBW welded joints were fabricated with CRZ-CRZ, CRZ-Ni and Ni-SS combination. The microstructure and mechanical properties were analyzed.
Comparison of ANN Training Algorithms for Predicting the Tensile Strength of Friction Stir Welded Aluminium Alloy AA1100
Authors: Vignesh R.V. , Padmanaban R.
Published: August 2018

Aluminium alloy AA1100 finds application in light weight structures due to its high strength to weight ratio. Friction stir welding is a solid state welding process, in which the materials are joined in the plasticized state. The quality of the friction stir welded joints depends on the process parameters used and tool parameters. In this study, four process parameters were varied at five levels and experimental trials were performed as per face centered central composite design. Artificial neural network model was developed with cascade forward propagation network architecture and trained with LM algorithm and BFGS QN algorithm. The models were used to predict the tensile strength of the joints and the error in prediction was used to judge the accuracy of the developed models. It is observed that BFGS QN algorithm trains the ANN efficiently and results in accurate predictions.
Structural Optimization of Alloy Wheel Rim using Design of Experiments
Authors: Ahmad M.N. , Sivanesan T. , Mahmud A.S
Published: August 2018

Automobile wheel is a key component of the automobile. The optimization design for aluminium alloy wheel was implemented using Design of Experiments (DOE) in this paper. On wheel, the parameters affecting the overall efficiency such as strength, stiffness and weight are selected, and simulation experiments are completed using Minitab software according to the Box-Behnken Design. The response surface model is obtained from the Response Surface Method (RSM) and then static analysis was done by using ANSYS for each design with different combination of parameters produced by response surface model. As a result, the optimal parameters of the wheel are determined by finding the minimum value of the response model. A shape of an optimized wheel is determined by the response surface model and validity is confirmed by analysing and comparing the characteristic of wheel with the baseline design. Lastly, transient thermal analysis of the optimized alloy wheel is aimed at evaluating the performance of alloy wheel of a car under static conditions specifically in hot weather
Performance and Emission Assessments for Different Acetone Gasoline Blends Powered Spark Ignition Engine
Authors: Alahmer A.
Published: August 2018

Acetone-gasoline fuel is considered as one of the promising alternative fuels in recent years and it is promoted as being able to overcome the difficulty of simultaneously reducing the exhaust emissions and improving of gasoline engine performance. This manuscript experimentally investigates the engine performance and on the main pollutant emissions for a single cylinder, four-stroke, spark-ignition engine powered by gasoline fuels of two different acetone-gasoline blends namely AC5 (5 vol. % acetone + 95 vol. % gasoline) and AC10. The experiments were conducted in the speed range from 1000 to 3600 rpm. The SI engine was connected to eddy current dynamometer with electronic control unit (ECU) and an exhaust gas analyzer. It was found that, in general, as the percentage of acetone added to gasoline increases in the blends, the engine performance improved. Numerically, it was found that the AC10 had a higher engine brake power, thermal efficiency, volumetric efficiency and BSFC with 4.39%, 6.9%, 7.2% and 5.2 percent respectively than those of pure gasoline. Furthermore, the use of acetone with gasoline fuel reduces exhaust emission concentrations by 26.3%, 30.3%, 6.6% and 4.4% for CO, UHC, NOx and CO2 respectively
Exploring Intra-Urban Travel Mobility using Large-Scale Taxi Global Positioning System Trajectories
Authors: Wang Haixiao , Liu Fang , Tang Jinjun
Published: August 2018

Using taxi GPS trajectories data is of very importance to explore Spatio-temporal features of human mobility in transportation designing and planning. The data were collected from taxi GPS devices in Harbin city during a week. The taxi trips are extracted from GPS data, and travel distance and time in occupied and vacant states are firstly used to investigate the human mobility. Then, the urban area is divided into 400 grids. Furthermore, travelling network corresponding to taxi trips are designed to further examine the dynamics of mobility, in which the grid are considered as nodes and edge weights are defined as total number of trips among nodes. We observe some basic statistical features of network: degree, edge weights, clustering coefficients and network structure entropy. We also use the correlation between strength and degree to analyze the significance of nodes. Based on network analysis, we select two grids, a central business district and a residential district with high degree and strength, to study the spatial and temporal properties of trips that start from and end at these two grids. Finally, the correlation between trip volume and operation efficiency is explored and we find that hourly trip volume express negative correlation with operation efficiency.
Effectiveness of ammonia reduction on control of fine particle nitrate
Authors: Guo Hongyu , Otjes Rene , Schlag Patrick , Kiendler-Scharr Astrid , Nenes Athanasios , Weber Rodney J.
Published: August 2018

Abstract. In some regions, reducing aerosol ammonium nitrate
(NH4NO3) concentrations may substantially improve air quality.
This can be accomplished by reductions in precursor emissions, such as
nitrogen oxides (NOx) to lower nitric acid (HNO3)
that partitions to the aerosol, or reductions in ammonia (NH3) to
lower particle pH and keep HNO3 in the gas phase. Using the
ISORROPIA-II thermodynamic aerosol model and detailed observational data sets,
we explore the sensitivity of aerosol NH4NO3 to gas-phase
NH3 and NOx controls for a number of contrasting
locations, including Europe, the United States, and China. NOx control
is always effective, whereas the aerosol response to NH3 control is
highly nonlinear and only becomes effective at a thermodynamic sweet
spot. The analysis provides a conceptual framework and fundamental
evaluation on the relative value of NOx versus NH3
control and demonstrates the relevance of pH as an air quality parameter. We
find that, regardless of the locations examined, it is only when ambient
particle pH drops below an approximate critical value of 3 (slightly higher
in warm and slightly lower in cold seasons) that NH3 reduction
leads to an effective response in PM2.5 mass. The required amount of
NH3 reduction to reach the critical pH and efficiently decrease
NH4NO3 at different sites is assessed. Owing to the linkage
between NH3 emissions and agricultural productivity, the substantial
NH3 reduction required in some locations may not be feasible.
Finally, controlling NH3 emissions to increase aerosol acidity and
evaporate NH4NO3 will have other effects, beyond reduction of
PM2.5 NH4NO3, such as increasing aerosol toxicity and
potentially altering the deposition patterns of nitrogen and trace nutrients.
Comparison of Antarctic polar stratospheric cloud observations by ground-based and spaceborne lidars and relevance for Chemistry Climate Models
Authors: Snels Marcel , Scoccione Andrea , Di Liberto Luca , Colao Francesco , Pitts Michael , Poole Lamont , Deshler Terry , Cairo Francesco , Cagnazzo Chiara , Fierli Federico
Published: August 2018

Abstract. A statistical comparison of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) occurrence from 2006 to 2010 is presented, as observed from the ground-based station McMurdo (Antarctica), included as a primary station in the NDACC (Network for Detection of Atmospheric Climate Change), and by the satellite-borne CALIOP lidar measuring over McMurdo. The ground-based observations have been classified with an algorithm derived from the recent V2 detection and classification scheme, used to classify PSCs observed by CALIOP. A statistical approach has been used to compare ground-based and satellite based observations, since point-to-point comparison between ground-based and satellite based lidar measurements is often troublesome due to the intrinsic differences in the observation geometries and the imperfect overlap of the observed areas. This comparison of space-borne, ground-based lidar observations and a selection simulations obtained from Chemistry Climate Models has been made by using a series of quantitative diagnostics based on the statistical occurrence of different PSC types. The distribution of PSCs over Antarctica, calculated by several CCMVAL-2 and CCMI chemistry climate models has been compared with the PSC coverage observed by the satellite based CALIOP lidar. The use of several diagnostic tools, including the temperature dependence of the PSC occurrences, evidences the merits and flaws of the different models. The diagnostic methods have been defined to overcome (at least partially) the possible differences due to the resolution of the models and to identify differences due to microphysics (e.g. the dependence of PSC occurrence from T-TNAT). A significant temperature bias of most models has been observed as well as a limited ability to reproduce the longitudinal variations in PSC occurrences observed by CALIOP. In particular a strong temperature bias has been observed in CCMVAL-2 models with a strong impact on PSC formation. The WACCM-CCMI model compares rather well with the CALIOP observations, although a temperature bias is still present.
Long-term dynamics of monoterpene synthase activities, monoterpene storage pools and emissions in boreal Scots pine
Authors: Vanhatalo Anni , Ghirardo Andrea , Juurola Eija , Schnitzler Jörg-Peter , Zimmer Ina , Hellén Heidi , Hakola Hannele , Bäck Jaana
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Seasonal variations in monoterpene emissions from Scots pine
(Pinus sylvestris) are well documented, and emissions are often
shown to follow the incident temperatures due to effects on compound
volatility. Recent studies have indicated a link between monoterpene
emissions and physiological drivers such as photosynthetic capacity during
needle development. The complex interplay between the dynamic changes in the
biosynthetic capacity to produce monoterpenes and the temperature-dependent
evaporation process of volatiles from internal storage reservoirs has not yet
been studied under field conditions. In this study, we analysed the relationships between needle monoterpene synthase
activities, endogenous monoterpene storage pools and monoterpene emissions
of needles in two consecutive years at a boreal forest site in Finland. The results showed changes in the monoterpene synthase activity of needles,
linked to seasonality and needle ontogenesis, while the pool of stored
monoterpenes (about 0.5 % of dry weight) did not change considerably as a
function of needle aging. Monoterpene emissions did not correlate directly
with enzyme activity or the storage pool size. We observed notably high
plant-to-plant variation in the biosynthesis rates of individual
monoterpenes, which did not reflect the storage compound mixture. The enzyme
activity producing δ-3-carene was only present in the first months
after needle flushing, and decreased with needle age, whereas δ-3-carene was abundant in the endogenous monoterpene pool and dominated the
needle emissions. This study emphasizes the seasonal, developmental and intraspecific
variability of monoterpene biosynthesis and storage, and calls for more
in-depth analyses to reveal how such complex interaction affects monoterpene
emissions from pine needles in boreal forests.
Hermanus Magnetic Observatory: a historical perspective of geomagnetism in southern Africa
Authors: Kotzé Pieter B.
Published: August 2018

Abstract. In this paper a brief summary will be given about the historical development of geomagnetism as a science in southern Africa and particularly the role played by Hermanus Magnetic Observatory in this regard. From a very modest beginning in 1841 as a recording station at the Cape of Good Hope, Hermanus Magnetic Observatory is today part of the South African National Space Agency (SANSA), where its geomagnetic field data are extensively used in international research projects ranging from the physics of the geo-dynamo to studies of the near-Earth space environment.
Stability assessment of roadbed affected by ground subsidence adjacent to urban railways
Authors: Jeon Sang-Soo , Park Young-Kon , Eum Ki-Young
Published: August 2018

Abstract. In recent years, leakages in aged pipelines for water and sewage in urban
areas have frequently induced ground loss, resulting in cavities and ground
subsidence, causing roadbed settlement greater than the allowable value. In
this study, FLAC3D, which is a three-dimensional
finite-difference numerical modeling software, is used to perform stability
and risk level assessment for the roadbed adjacent to urban railways with
respect to various groundwater levels and the geometric characteristics of
cavities. Numerical results show that roadbed settlement increases as the
diameter (D) of the cavity increases and the distance (d) between the
roadbed and the cavity decreases. The regression analyses results show that,
as D∕d is greater than 0.2 and less than 0.3, the roadbed is in the status
of caution or warning. It requires a database of measurement sensors for
real-time monitoring of the roadbed, structures and groundwater to prevent
disasters in advance. As D∕d exceeds 0.35, the roadbed settlement
substantially increases and the roadbed is in danger. Since this may result
in highly probable traffic accidents, train operation should be stopped and
the roadbed should be reinforced or repaired. The effects of groundwater
level on roadbed settlement are examined and the analysis results indicate
that roadbed settlement is highly influenced by groundwater levels to an
extent greater than even the influence of the size of the cavity.
Ensemble variational assimilation as a probabilistic estimator – Part 1: The linear and weak non-linear case
Authors: Jardak Mohamed , Talagrand Olivier
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Data assimilation is considered as a problem in Bayesian estimation, viz. determine the probability distribution for the state of the observed system, conditioned by the available data. In the linear and additive Gaussian case, a Monte Carlo sample of the Bayesian probability distribution (which is Gaussian and known explicitly) can be obtained by a simple procedure: perturb the data according to the probability distribution of their own errors, and perform an assimilation on the perturbed data. The performance of that approach, called here ensemble variational assimilation (EnsVAR), also known as ensemble of data assimilations (EDA), is studied in this two-part paper on the non-linear low-dimensional Lorenz-96 chaotic system, with the assimilation being performed by the standard variational procedure. In this first part, EnsVAR is implemented first, for reference, in a linear and Gaussian case, and then in a weakly non-linear case (assimilation over 5 days of the system). The performances of the algorithm, considered either as a probabilistic or a deterministic estimator, are very similar in the two cases. Additional comparison shows that the performance of EnsVAR is better, both in the assimilation and forecast phases, than that of standard algorithms for the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) and particle filter (PF), although at a higher cost. Globally similar results are obtained with the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky (K–S) equation.
Tidal resonance in the Gulf of Thailand
Authors: Cui Xinmei , Fang Guohong , Wu Di
Published: August 2018

Abstract. The Gulf of Thailand is dominated by diurnal tides, which indicates that the resonant period of the gulf is potentially close to one day. However, when applied to the gulf, the classic quarter wavelength resonant theory fails to give a diurnal resonant period. In this study, we first perform a series of numerical experiments showing that the resonant period of the gulf is approximately one day and that the resonance of the South China Sea body has a critical impact on the resonance of the gulf. In contrast, the resonance of the Gulf of Thailand has little influence on the resonance of the South China Sea body. An idealised two-channel model that can reasonably explain the dynamics of the tidal resonance in the Gulf of Thailand is then established in this study.
3D Seismic Traveltime Tomography Validation of a Detailed Subsurface Model: The case study of the Zancara River Basin (Cuenca, Spain)
Authors: Marti David , Marzan Ignacio , Sachsenhausen Jana , Alvarez-Marron Joaquina , Ruiz Mario , Torne Montse , Mendes Manuela , Carbonell Ramon
Published: August 2018

Abstract. A high-resolution seismic tomography survey was acquired to obtain a full 3D P-wave seismic velocity image in the Zancara River Basin (east of Spain). The study area consists of lutites and gypsum from a Neogene sedimentary sequence. A regular and dense grid of 676 shots and 1200 receivers was used to image a 500 x 500 m area of the shallow subsurface. A 240-channel system and a seismic source consisting of an accelerated weight drop, were used in the acquisition. Half million traveltime picks were inverted to provide the 3D velocity model that allowed to resolve the structure up to 120 m depth. The project targeted the geometry of the underground structure with emphasis in defining the lithological contacts but also the presence of cavities and fault/fractures. An extensive drilling campaign provided uniquely tight constraints on the lithology; these included core samples and wireline-log geophysical measurements. The analysis of the well-log data enabled the accurate definition of the lithological boundaries and provided an estimate of the seismic velocity ranges associated to each lithology. The final joint interpreted image reveals a wedge shaped structure consisting of four different lithological units. This study features the necessary key elements to test the traveltime tomographic inversion approach in the high-resolution characterization of the shallow subsurface. In this methodological validation test, traveltime tomography demonstrates to be a powerful tool with a relatively high capacity for imaging in detail the lithological contrasts of evaporitic sequences located at very shallow depths, when integrated with additional geological and geophysical data.
Applications of satellite winds for the offshore wind farm site Anholt
Authors: Ahsbahs Tobias , Badger Merete , Volker Patrick , Hansen Kurt S. , Hasager Charlotte B.
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Rapid growth in the offshore wind energy sector means more offshore wind
farms are placed closer to each other and in the lee of large land masses.
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) offers maps of the wind speed offshore with
high resolution over large areas. These can be used to detect horizontal wind
speed gradients close to shore and wind farm wake effects. SAR observations
have become much more available with the free and open-access data from
European satellite missions through Copernicus. Examples of applications and
tools for using large archives of SAR wind maps to aid offshore site
assessment are few. The Anholt wind farm operated by the utility company
Ørsted is located in coastal waters and experiences strong spatial
variations in the mean wind speed. Wind speeds derived from the Supervisory
Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) system are available at the turbine
locations for comparison with winds retrieved from SAR. The correlation is
good, both for free-stream and waked conditions. Spatial wind speed
variations along the rows of wind turbines derived from SAR wind maps prior
to the wind farm construction agree well with information gathered by the
SCADA system and a numerical weather prediction model. Wind farm wakes are
detected by comparisons between images before and after the wind farm
construction. SAR wind maps clearly show wakes for long and constant fetches
but the wake effect is less pronounced for short and varying fetches. Our
results suggest that SAR wind maps can support offshore wind energy site
assessment by introducing observations in the early phases of wind farm
projects.
"Blechnum occidentale" (Blechnaceae-Polypodiopsida): desarrollo de los leptosporangios y un nuevo poliploide de la especie para el Noroeste de la Argentina
Authors: González Graciela E. , Prada Carmen , Rolleri Cristina H.
Published: August 2018

Se llevó a cabo un detallado estudio citológico de las células madres de las esporas de ejemplares de B. occidentale procedentes del noroeste de la Argentina. Los resultados de esta contribución permiten dar a conocer un nuevo poliploide, en este caso un hexaploide, cuyo número básico se analiza y discute, estimándose como más probable en x=31. Los datos obtenidos sugieren un origen aloploiploide, es decir, este citótipo nuevo sería producto de hibridación interespecífica y posterior duplicación cromosómica. En el curso del estudio se observó también una notable estabilidad en los rasgos esporangiales, que se consideran diagnósticos en el nivel específico e independiente de la ploidía.
Sobre la presencia de "Trifolium vesiculosum Savi" ("Fabaceae") en la provincia de Córdoba (Andalucía, España)
Authors: López-Tirado Javier
Published: August 2018

Se cita por primera vez para la provincia de Córdoba Trifolium vesiculosum Savi. Se trata de un taxón escasamente representado en la Península Ibérica que presenta poblaciones muy distantes entre sí. Se ha confundido en numerosas ocasiones con T. mutabile Port., especie también perteneciente al sect. Mistyllus. En la actualidad se duda del carácter autóctono de T. vesiculosum en la Península Ibérica.
La colección de plantas andinas de William Jameson (1796-1873) conservada en el Real Colegio ‘Alfonso XII’ (San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid)
Authors: González-Bueno Antonio , Carrasco M. Andrea , Perea Domingo
Published: August 2018

Entre las colecciones conservadas en el Herbario del Real Colegio Alfonso XII de San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid) [RCAXII] se encuentran 43 pliegos de herbario, enviados por William Jameson a Mariano de la Paz Graells, en 1859; todos presentan indicación de localidad, pero no siempre están identificados a nivel específico. En este trabajo se presentan estos materiales, se transcriben sus etiquetas y se realizan algunos comentarios sobre ellos y sobre su recolector.
Los valores compromisivo y asertivo de prometer y jurar en dos variantes del español
Authors: Reig Alamillo Asela , Hernández Páez Marianela
Published: August 2018

El presente artículo analiza los verbos prometer y jurar como verbos que designan dos actos ilocutivos, compromisivo y asertivo, en dos variedades del español, el español de España y el español de México. En el trabajo se muestra que el valor asertivo de prometer es percibido como extraño por algunos hablantes de México mientras que es aceptado en los hablantes de España. El análisis de corpus muestra que prometer asertivo se emplea en ambas variantes con una frecuencia reducida y que no es un uso novedoso en el español. El análisis, además, permite observar que la distinción entre enunciados realizativos y no realizativos es relevante para la descripción de prometer y jurar con dos valores: aunque prometer es mayoritariamente usado como compromisivo, su empleo como asertivo es más importante en los realizativos que en los no realizativos. Jurar, por su parte, es mayoritariamente asertivo pero en los enunciados no realizativos es más frecuente como compromisivo. Este análisis contribuye a profundizar en la relación entre la teoría de los actos de habla la descripción lingüística basada en datos reales.
Traslaciones: revista latinoamericana de lectura y escritura
Authors: De Lingüística aplicada a la com Círculo
Published: August 2018

Traslaciones: revista latinoamericana de lectura y escritura
Metáforas y emociones en el twitter corporativo: una aproximación discursivo-lingüística a los microblogs de Acciona e Iberdrola
Authors: M. Fernández-Vallejo Ana
Published: August 2018

En los últimos años los estudios sobre las emociones en Twitter han aumentado de modo considerable, especialmente en áreas como el marketing, pero se echa en falta una investigación que aborde la expresión figurada de las emociones en la comunicación digital de las empresas. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es analizar las metáforas que describen o evocan las emociones en las cuentas de Twitter corporativos de Acciona e Iberdrola, dos empresas del Ibex 35 que destacan en el uso de las redes sociales (Epsilon Technologies, 2016). El corpus analizado está constituido por 798 tuits publicados durante el segundo trimestre del 2016 y, a través de él, se identifican, por una parte, las emociones con más presencia y los sistemas léxicos que las describen (Sherer, 2013; Storm y Storm, 1987); por otra, se crea un corpus de metáforas específicas que describen o evocan las emociones; dichas metáforas se analizan a la luz de la lingüística cognitiva (Lakoff y Johnson, 1980; Kövecses, 2005). Los resultados permiten extraer las siguientes conclusiones: 1) la importancia de las emociones en la comunicación digital de las empresas, especialmente a través de redes como Twitter; 2) la relevancia de la metáfora a la hora de describir o evocar las emociones; 3) la influencia de la misión, visión y valores en el mapa conceptual de las metáforas construidas en torno a las emociones.
El discurso público de la universidad: estudio socio pragmático contrastivo de Camerún, España y Francia
Authors: Pérez-Sabater Carmen , Maguelouk Moffo Ginette
Published: August 2018

La informalización y conversalización del discurso público en la última parte del siglo XX es un fenómeno complejo y bien documentado en el mundo anglosajón. Este artículo parte de las propuestas de Fairclough (1995) para analizar si este fenómeno tiene lugar también en lenguas románicas con un desarrollo tecnológico similar en comparación con las prácticas discursivas de un país con una penetración de Internet en la vida de sus habitantes meramente simbólica. El estudio que presentamos compara el nivel de informalización del discurso público en Camerún, España y Francia estudiando las cartas de bienvenida a la universidad publicadas en las páginas web oficiales de estas instituciones académicas en español y francés. Los resultados muestran que el proceso de informalización es parejo en el caso de los dos países europeos, aunque las cartas de los rectores españoles tienen un grado de informalidad mayor. Asimismo, los resultados confirman que la baja penetración de Internet en Camerún parece ser una de las razones por las que los escritos en este país siguen estilos muy tradicionales y formales en lo que se refiere a las firmas y al uso de los pronombres de segunda persona. En general, la estructura y el estilo empleados en Camerún no se corresponden con las nuevas prácticas discursivas en Internet, a diferencia de lo que vemos en España y Francia. Finalmente nos gustaría decir que somos conscientes de las limitaciones de este trabajo que tienen que ver claramente con las restricciones que los cameruneses tienen en su acceso a Internet y ha circunscrito nuestro estudio a las páginas web oficiales de universidades. No obstante, esperamos que nuestro análisis del discurso electrónico sirva de lanzadera para futuros estudios del discurso electrónico en África y en otras sociedades no tan desarrolladas tecnológicamente pero que, sobre todo, enriquezca los estudios lingüísticos en lenguas románicas.
Infinitivo enunciativo en español y francés: estudio contrastivo desde una perspectiva pragmático-textual
Authors: Quintero Ramírez Sara
Published: August 2018

El presente artículo determina las condiciones pragmático-textuales que resultan idóneas para la utilización de los infinitivos enunciativos tanto en español como en francés con base en un corpus constituido de 500 textos de diferente asignación diatópica, diafásica y diastrática en cada idioma, es decir 1000 textos en total. Para poder estudiar ambos corpus, hemos concebido un modelo de análisis constituido de cinco diferentes componentes que consideran los tipos y géneros textuales donde se utilizan estas construcciones, los elementos lingüísticos que, de manera sistemática, anteceden o siguen a estos infinitivos, así como su propósito en el texto. Con base en este modelo, en la investigación hemos identificado los textos concretos, así como las partes específicas de estos en las que se producen los infinitivos enunciativos, además hemos elucidado su función pragmática principal.
Un análisis cognitivista de las perífrasis modales de obligación: la alternancia entre «deber + infinitivo» y «tener que + infinitivo»
Authors: Romo Simón Francisco
Published: August 2018

Este artículo ofrece un análisis cognitivista de dos perífrasis modales de obligación que frecuentemente se presentan como equivalentes -«deber + infinitivo» y «tener que + infinitivo»-. Con este estudio intentaremos alcanzar una nueva imagen metalingüística de las dos construcciones que supere la disparidad de caracterizaciones ambiguas y hasta contradictorias que de estas estructuras ofrece la gramática tradicional, ofreciendo una definición esquemática del valor prototípico de cada construcción. El resultado de este análisis nos permitirá proponer que la confusión que generan estas estructuras tanto en el ámbito teórico como en la docencia de español surge del hecho de que ambas construcciones perfilan un mismo concepto a partir de diferentes fondos. La imagen metalingüística resultante, al resolver esta cuestión, ofrece posibilidades de contribución tanto a nivel teórico –como complemento a las descripciones tradicionales– como aplicado a la enseñanza de E/LE.
Engaño generalizado, pragmática y argumentación
Authors: Santibáñez Yáñez Cristián
Published: August 2018

Este trabajo procura aportar distinciones conceptuales de la familia de comportamientos lingüísticos y psicológicos compuesta por el autoengaño, el engaño, la mentira y la manipulación, que se han agrupado aquí bajo la rúbrica de engaño generalizado. Estas distinciones permitirán luego analizar pragmática y argumentativamente los intentos por justificar y convencer a una audiencia de un agente que utiliza tales conductas. Para lograr tanto las distinciones conceptuales como el análisis de los casos escogidos, se discuten acercamientos provenientes de la literatura en cognición, teoría evolutiva, pragmática y teoría argumentativa. Específicamente, estas herramientas teóricas y analíticas se aplican a dos casos en los que el sesgo de influencia social moviliza una conducta argumentativa en la que se observa uno o varios de los miembros de la familia del engaño generalizado. Los resultados muestran que dentro de tal contexto, el agente da justificaciones que muestran auto-engaño y engaños, y trata de convencer a través de argumentos irrelevantes e insuficientes que van configurando un escenario manipulativo.
A new prognostic model using the NCCN-IPI and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Go Se-Il , Park Sungwoo , Kim Jung Hoon , Kim Hye Ree , Kim Minyoung , Moon Kyunglan , Seo Jangho , Lee Gyeong-Won
Published: August 2018

Background:

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been known to predict the prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We planned to design a new prognostic model in DLBCL using well-known prognostic index and NLR.

Methods:

The data of 232 DLBCL patients treated with first-line R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) from 2004 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with NLR ≥6 and <6 were determined as the high and low NLR groups, respectively. Treatment response and survival were compared according to NLR status. Nomograms for predicting 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were constructed using NLR and other prognostic factors based on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network-International Prognostic Index (NCCN-IPI) NCCN-IPI.

Results:

The high NLR group had a low complete response (CR) rate compared to low NLR group (51.6% vs. 83.5%; p<0.001). The 5-year PFS and OS rates were 27.4% and 30% in the high NLR group and 61.1% and 63.7% in the low NLR group, respectively (both p<0.001). Multivariate analyses confirmed that NLR is one of the independent risk factors for failure to achieve CR and for worse PFS and OS. The nomogram showed superior discrimination ability for predicting 5-year PFS and OS rates compared with NCCN-IPI (c index 0.78 vs. 0.75 and 0.79 vs. 0.75, respectively).

Conclusions:

High NLR was associated with poor treatment response and worse PFS and OS in DLBCL. The nomogram developed from NCCN-IPI-based variables and NLR may help the clinicians to predict the prognosis individually in DLBCL patients, although it needs to be validated in the independent cohort.
Stable knockdown of ZBTB7A promotes cell proliferation and progression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Liu Fei , Tang Fengzhu , Lan Jiao , Jiao Wei , Si Yongfeng , Lu Wensheng , Mo Mingzheng , Li Bing , Lu Jinlong , Wei Jiazhang , Qin Ying , Xiao Ruiping , Zhang Benjian , Wang Yongli , Xiong Weiming
Published: August 2018

Aims:

Although high expression of ZBTB7A is positively relative to metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, the association between its low expression and metastasis of NPC remains unclear. The present study aimed to definitely identify the association.

Methods:

The level of ZBTB7A was effectively knocked down by stable transfection of short hair RNA plasmid in NPC cell lines CNE2 and 5-8F (shRNA-CNE2 and shRNA-5-8F), compared with the cells that stably transfected empty plasmid (NC-CNE2 and NC-5-8F). The levels of ZBTB7A were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot in the cell lines. MTT assay, colorimetric focus-formation assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, transwell assays, and xenograft model were performed to analyze cell vitality, proliferation, cell cycle, migration, invasion, and tumorigenicity.

Results:

The levels of ZBTB7A were effectively reduced in shRNA-CNE2 and shRNA-5-8F. Their carcinogenicity was stronger separately than the abilities of NC-CNE2 and NC-5-8F. NC-CNE2 and shRNA-CNE2 were selected to establish the xenograft model because of their stronger tumorigenicity than NC-6-10B and shRNA-5-8F. The assay showed that shRNA-CNE2 had stronger tumorigenicity than NC-CNE2.

Conclusions:

The results demonstrated the reverse association between the expression of ZBTB7A and the tumorigenicity of NPC. We postulate that some oncogenic pathways, which are suppressed by ZBTB7A, will vicariously promote the proliferation and progression of NPC when ZBTB7A is decreased.
Incidence rates of brain cancer following an outbreak of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: Lin Cheng-Te Major , Younes Naji , Levine Paul H.
Published: August 2018

Previous studies utilizing data from the Nevada Cancer Registry suggested a transient increase in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) and brain cancer in northern Nevada following an outbreak of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) in that area which was not seen in southern Nevada which had no reported CFS outbreaks.  A subsequent study from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) using data from the NCI’s Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program and Medicare documented the association between CFS and NHL on a national basis but no other cancer association was seen.  Since brain cancer has a younger age distribution than NHL, we returned to the Nevada Cancer Registry and used ten more years of data and additional analyses to determine if there was an association between CFS and brain cancer by age.  This study confirmed the increased incidence of brain cancer following the outbreak in northern Nevada but not southern Nevada with the increase limited to the under 65 age group, thus explaining why the SEER-Medicare analysis only analyzing data in the 65 and above age group did not detect this association.
Spirals and Cycles of Biological Systems via Extended Rosenzweig-MacArthur Model with Ratio-dependent Functional Response
Authors: Joshua Enobong E. , Akpa Ekemini T.
Published: August 2018

This paper investigates stable proper nodes, stable spiral sinks and stable ω−limit cycles of Extended Rosenzweig-MacAthur Model, which incorporates ratio-dependent functional response on predation mechanism. The ultimate bound-edness condition has been used to predict extinction, co-existence, and exponential convergence scenarios of the model. The Poincare-Bendixson results guarantee existence of periodic cycles of the models. The system degenerate from stable spiral sinks to stable ω−limit cycles as control parameter varies. Numerical simulations are provided to support the va-lidity of theoretical findings.
Bayesian Inference in a Joint Model for Longitudinal and Time to Event Data with Gompertz Baseline Hazards
Authors: Mwanyekange Josua , Mwalili Samuel , Ngesa Oscar
Published: August 2018

Longitudinal and time to event data are frequently encountered in many medical studies. Clinicians are more interested in how longitudinal outcomes influences the time to an event of i nterest. To study the association between longitudinal and time to event data, joint modeling approaches were found to be the most appropriate techniques for such data. The approaches involves the choice of the distribution of the survival times which in most cases authors prefer either exponential or Weibull distribution. However, these distributions have some shortcomings. In this paper, we propose an alternative joint model approach under Bayesian prospective. We assumed that survival times follow a Gompertz distribution. One of the advantages of Gompertz distribution is that its cumulative distribution function has a closed form solution and it accommodates time varying covariates. A Bayesian approach through Gibbs sampling procedure was developed for parameter estimation and inferences. We evaluate the finite samples performance of the joint model through an extensive simulation study and apply the model to a real dataset to determine the association between markers(tumor sizes) and time to death among cancer patients without recurrence. Our analysis suggested that the proposed joint modeling approach perform well in terms of parameter estimations when correlation between random intercepts and slopes is considered.
Correlação entre variáveis familiares: perspectiva de mães de crianças com deficiência física, síndrome de Down e autismo
Authors: Spinazola Cariza De Cássia , Azevedo Tássia Lopes de , Gualda Danielli Silva , Cia Fabiana
Published: August 2018

O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar a relação entre as necessidades familiares, o suporte social, os recursos do ambiente familiar e os dados sociodemográficos de famílias de crianças com deficiência. Participaram da pesquisa 60 mães de crianças com deficiência física, síndrome de Down ou autismo, entre zero e seis anos de idade. A coleta de dados ocorreu nas residências das mães, uma universidade pública, instituições especializadas e escolas municipais localizadas em municípios de médio porte do interior do estado de São Paulo. Os instrumentos utilizados para coleta de dados foram: questionários Critério Brasil, Questionário de Necessidades Familiares, Questionário de Suporte Social e o Inventário de Recursos do Ambiente Familiar. Quanto aos resultados, identificou-se correlação entre várias variáveis, por exemplo: (a) as necessidades totais apresentaram correlação negativa com horário certo para as crianças fazerem a lição; (b) as necessidades de apoio e de funcionamento da vida familiar revelaram correlação negativa com o número de pessoas suportivas e (c) a necessidade de apoio correlacionou negativamente com o nível socioeconômico e a escolaridade dos filhos. A quantidade de pessoas suportivas demostrou correlação positiva com a frequência com horários certos para criança almoçar e fazer lição, assim como com as reuniões aos finais de semana. Conclui-se que o estudo identificou correlações importantes, principalmente no que tange a grupos em vulnerabilidade, além do que apontou que características sociodemográficas são importantes na implementação e promoção de intervenções e programas de apoio a famílias de crianças com deficiência física, síndrome de Down e autismo.
Influence of seasonality on the haematological and biochemical parameters of native species Rhamdia quelen
Authors: Fredianelli Ana Carolina , Do Amaral Gurgel Galeb Luciana , Venâncio Mangrich da Rocha Rita Maria , Pizzolato Montanha Francisco , Ribeiro Deivid Roni , Anater Amanda , Turra Pimpão Cláudia
Published: August 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate if there is any influence of the seasons on the homeostasis of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) through haematological and serum biochemistry evaluations. During one year, blood samples were collected from groups of 40 silver catfish in each season (spring, summer, autumn, and winter), totaling 160 animals. Blood samples were collected individually and used for haematological and serum biochemistry evaluations. In general, the main haematological findings were observed in the summer and in the spring, with hemoglobin levels (6.32 g.dL-1 ± 0.20), total erythrocyte counts (1.62 x 106.μL-1 ± 0.05) and neutrophil counts (14.21 x 10³.µL-1 ± 0.60) higher in the summer than in the other seasons (p < 0.05), whereas in the spring the total leukocyte count (25.89 x 10³.µL-1 ± 1.02) and the number of eosinophils (9.08 x 10³.µL-1 ± 0.11) were higher when compared to the other seasons (p < 0.05). The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT), and albumin levels were significantly altered between all seasons, but remained within the normal intervals for the species. Seasonality significantly influences haematological parameters and biochemical parameters of Rhamdia quelen, but without a clear determination of the types of change in each season.
Approaches for containerized scientific workflows in cloud environments with applications in life science
Authors: Spjuth Ola , Capuccini Marco , Carone Matteo , Larsson Anders , Schaal Wesley , Novella Jon , Di Tommaso Paolo , Notredame Cedric , Moreno Pablo , Khoonsari Payam E , Herman Stephanie , Kultima Kim , Lampa Samuel
Published: August 2018

Containers are gaining popularity in life science research as they encompass all dependencies of provisioned tools and simplifies software installations for end users, as well as offering a form of isolation between processes. Scientific workflows are ideal to chain containers into data analysis pipelines to sustain reproducible science. In this manuscript we review the different approaches to use containers inside the workflow tools Nextflow, Galaxy, Pachyderm, Luigi, and SciPipe when deployed in cloud environments. A particular focus is placed on the workflow tool’s interaction with the Kubernetes container orchestration framework.
Louise Erdrich's The Round House: Restorative Justice in a Coming of Age Thriller
Authors: Castor Laura Virginia
Published: August 2018

In a novel critics have described as a "thriller-like" coming-of-age story, Louise Erdrich's The Round House (2012) integrates two apparently conflicting approaches to Native American law. First, Felix S. Cohen's Handbook of Federal Indian Law legitimizes the need for working with allies to Indigenous peoples in developing contextual applications of settler state laws. The second draws on the authority of authorless Anishinaabe stories and dreams. While Cohen and his descendants in tribal law practice are allies to the Anishinabeg, dream narrations by the narrator's grandfather affirm the contemporary vitality of Anishinaabe approaches to justice. Finally, Erdrich's narration suggests why restorative justice for women in Indigenous communities in the United States should matter for her international audience.
Genome analysis of the ubiquitous boxwood pathogenPseudonectria foliicola
Authors: Rivera Yazmín , Salgado-Salazar Catalina , Veltri Daniel , Malapi-Wight Martha , Crouch Jo Anne
Published: August 2018

Boxwood (Buxusspp.) are broad-leaved, evergreen landscape plants valued for their longevity and ornamental qualities. Volutella leaf and stem blight, caused by the ascomycete fungiPseudonectria foliicola and P. buxi, is one of the major diseases affecting the health and ornamental qualities of boxwood. Although this disease is less severe than boxwood blight caused byCalonectria pseudonaviculataandC. henricotiae, its widespread occurrence and disfiguring symptoms have caused substantial economic losses to the ornamental industry. In this study, we sequenced the genome ofP. foliicolaisolate ATCC13545 using Illumina technology and compared it to other publicly available fungal pathogen genomes to better understand the biology of this organism. Ade novoassembly estimated the genome size ofP. foliicolaat 28.7 Mb (425 contigs; N50 = 184,987 bp; avg. coverage 188×), with just 9,272 protein-coding genes. To our knowledge,P. foliicolahas the smallest known genome within the Nectriaceae. Consistent with the small size of the genome, the secretome, CAzyme and secondary metabolite profiles of this fungus are reduced relative to two other surveyed Nectriaceae fungal genomes:Dactylonectria macrodidymaJAC15-245 andFusarium graminearumPh-1. Interestingly, a large cohort of genes associated with reduced virulence and loss of pathogenicity was identified from theP. foliicoladataset. These data are consistent with the latest observations by plant pathologists thatP. buxiand most likelyP. foliicola,are opportunistic, latent pathogens that prey upon weak and stressed boxwood plants.