bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Micro- and mesozooplankton at the edges of coastal tropical reefs (Tamandaré, Brazil)
Authors: Brito-Lolaia Morgana , Santos Gleice S. , Neumann-Leitão Sigrid , Schwamborn Ralf
Published: May 2020

Tropical reef ecosystems are generally considered to be sinks of marine zooplankton, mainly due to the predation by scleractinian corals and other planktivores. The present study aims to evaluate the zooplankton community of a coastal reef in two specific environments: the reef edge and open-water channels between patch reefs. Sampling was carried out at two patch reefs that border the Tamandaré coastal lagoon system (Pernambuco State, Brazil). Two passive stationary nets (64 μm mesh size) were used: the Reef Edge Net (REN) and the Channel Midwater Neuston Net (CMNN). Sampling was performed simultaneously at both reefs during eight nocturnal sampling campaigns, always at new moon ebb tides. Zooplankton was classified by “origin” (estuarine, reef, neritic and neritic/estuarine). During all campaigns and at both sites, a significant buildup of zooplankton at the reefs was observed. Reef edges showed significantly higher abundance (77,579 ± 73,985 ind. m−3) and biomass (48.9 ± 45.5 mg C m−3) of zooplankton compared to open-water channels (9982 ± 11,427 ind. m−3and 11.4 ± 21.9 mg C m−3, respectively). A total of 65 taxonomic groups were identified. Copepods were the most abundant group with a contribution of 69% for total zooplankton abundance, followed by foraminiferans, gastropod veligers, appendicularians, cirripedians nauplii, and polychaete larvae. Copepods from neritic/estuarine environments dominated the reef edges in both relative abundance and relative biomass (91% and 88%, respectively). The unexpectedly high abundance of copepods and other holoplankton at the reef edges, when compared to Indo-Pacific and Caribbean reefs, is probably due to very low cover of corals and other zooplanktivorous sessile animals (< 0.2%) on these coastal reefs, which leads to a very low predation mortality for zooplankters. Also, we propose that the reduced water column above the reef top leads to a buildup of very high densities in these environments.
Study protocol: improving cognition in people with progressive multiple sclerosis: a multi-arm, randomized, blinded, sham-controlled trial of cognitive rehabilitation and aerobic exercise (COGEx)
Authors:   On behalf of the CogEx Research Team, Feinstein Anthony , Amato Maria Pia , Brichetto Giampaolo , Chataway Jeremy , Chiaravalloti Nancy , Dalgas Ulrik , DeLuca John , Feys Peter , Filippi Massimo , Freeman Jennifer , Meza Cecilia , Inglese Matilde , Motl Robert W. , Rocca Maria Assunta , Sandroff Brian M. , Salter Amber , Cutter Gary
Published: May 2020

Background

Cognitive dysfunction affects up to 70% of people with progressive MS (PMS). It can exert a deleterious effect on activities of daily living, employment and relationships. Preliminary evidence suggests that performance can improve with cognitive rehabilitation (CR) and aerobic exercise (EX), but existing data are predominantly from people with relapsing-remitting MS without cognitive impairment. There is therefore a need to investigate whether this is also the case in people with progressive forms of the disease who have objectively identified cognitive impairment. It is hypothesized that CR and EX are effective treatments for people with PMS who have cognitive impairment, in particular processing speed (PS) deficits, and that a combination of these two treatments is more effective than each individual treatment given alone. We further hypothesize that improvements in PS will be associated with modifications of functional and/or structural plasticity within specific brain networks/regions involved in PS measured with advanced MRI techniques.

Methods

This study is a multisite, randomized, double-blinded, sham controlled clinical trial of CR and aerobic exercise. Three hundred and sixty subjects from 11 sites will be randomly assigned into one of four groups: CR plus aerobic exercise; CR plus sham exercise; CR sham plus aerobic exercise and CR sham plus sham exercise. Subjects will participate in the assigned treatments for 12 weeks, twice a week.

All subjects will have a cognitive and physical assessment at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks. In an embedded sub-study, approximately 30% of subjects will undergo structural and functional MRI to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying the behavioral response. The primary outcome is the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) measuring PS. Secondary outcome measures include: indices of verbal and non-verbal memory, depression, walking speed and a dual cognitive-motor task and MRI.

Discussion

The study is being undertaken in 6 countries (11 centres) in multiple languages (English, Italian, Danish, Dutch); with testing material validated and standardized in these languages. The rationale for this approach is to obtain a robustly powered sample size and to demonstrate that these two interventions can be given effectively in multiple countries and in different languages.

Trial registration

The trial was registered on September 20th 2018 at www.clinicaltrials.gov having identifier NCT03679468. Registration was performed before recruitment was initiated.
The evaluation of the distance between the popliteus tendon and the lateral collateral ligament footprint and the implant in Total knee Arthroplasty using a 3-dimensional template
Authors: Takubo Akihito , Ryu Keinosuke , Iriuchishima Takanori , Nagaoka Masahiro , Tokuhashi Yasuaki , Aizawa Shin
Published: May 2020

Background

The popliteus tendon (PT) or lateral collateral ligament (LCL) stabilizes the postero-lateral aspects of the knees. When surgeons perform total knee arthroplasty (TKA), PT and LCL iatrogenic injuries are a risk because the femoral attachments are relatively close to the femoral bone resection area. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distance between the PT or LCL footprint and the TKA implant using a 3D template system and to evaluate any significant differences according to the implant model.

Methods

Eighteen non-paired formalin fixed cadaveric lower limbs were used (average age: 80.3). Whole length lower limbs were resected from the pelvis. All the surrounding soft tissue except the PT, knee ligaments and meniscus were removed from the limb. Careful dissection of the PT and LCL was performed, and the femoral footprints were detected. Each footprint periphery was marked with a 1.5 mm K-wire. Computed tomography (CT) scanning of the whole lower limb was then performed. The CT data was analyzed with a 3D template system. This simulation models for TKA were the Journey II BCS and the Persona PS. The area of each footprint, and the length between the most distal and posterior point of the lateral femoral condyle and the edge of each footprint were measured. Matching the implant model to the CT image of the femur, the shortest length between each footprint and the bone resection area were calculated.

Results

PT and LCL footprint were detected in all knees. The area of the PT and LCL footprints was 38.7 ± 17.7 mm2 and 58.0 ± 24.6 mm2, respectively. The length between the most distal and posterior point of the lateral femoral condyle and the edge of the PT footprint was 10.3 ± 2.4 mm and 14.2 ± 2.8 mm, respectively. The length between most distal and most posterior point of the lateral femoral condyle and the edge of the LCL footprint was 16.3 ± 2.3 mm and 15.5 ± 3.3 mm, respectively. Under TKA simulation, the shortest length between the PT footprint and the femoral bone resection area for the Journey II BCS and the Persona PS was 4.3 ± 2.5 mm and 3.2 ± 2.9 mm, respectively. The shortest length between the LCL footprint and the femoral bone resection area for the Journey II BCS and the Persona PS was 7.2 ± 2.3 mm and 5.6 ± 2.1 mm, respectively. The PT attachment was damaged by the bone resection of the Journey II BCS and the Persona PS TKA in 3 and 9 knees, respectively.

Conclusion

The PT and LCL femoral attachments existed close to the femoral bone resection area of the TKA. To prevent postero-lateral instability in TKA, careful attention is needed to avoid damage to the PT and LCL during surgical procedures.
Implementing volunteer-navigation for older persons with advanced chronic illness (Nav-CARE): a knowledge to action study
Authors: Pesut Barbara , Duggleby Wendy , Warner Grace , Kervin Emily , Bruce Paxton , Antifeau Elisabeth , Hooper Brenda
Published: May 2020

Background

Nav-CARE is a volunteer-led intervention designed to build upon strategic directions in palliative care: a palliative approach to care, a public health/compassionate community approach to care, and enhancing the capacity of volunteerism. Nav-CARE uses specially trained volunteers to provide lay navigation for older persons and family living at home with advanced chronic illness. The goal of this study was to better understand the implementation factors that influenced the utilization of Nav-CARE in eight diverse Canadian contexts.

Methods

This was a Knowledge to Action study using the planned action cycle for Nav-CARE developed through previous studies. Participants were eight community-based hospice societies located in diverse geographic contexts and with diverse capacities. Implementation data was collected at baseline, midpoint, and endpoint using qualitative individual and group interviews. Field notes of all interactions with study sites were also used as part of the data set. Data was analyzed using qualitative descriptive techniques. The study received ethical approval from three university behavioural review boards. All participants provided written consent.

Results

At baseline, stakeholders perceived Nav-CARE to be a good fit with the strategic directions of their organization by providing early palliative support, by facilitating outreach into the community and by changing the public perception of palliative care. The contextual factors that determined the ease with which Nav-CARE was implemented included the volunteer coordinator champion, organizational capacity and connection, the ability to successfully recruit older persons, and the adequacy of volunteer preparation and mentorship.

Conclusions

This study highlighted the importance of community-based champions for the success of volunteer-led initiatives and the critical need for support and mentorship for both volunteers and those who lead them. Further, although the underutilization of hospice has been widely recognized, it is vital to recognize the limitations of their capacity. New initiatives such as Nav-CARE, which are designed to enhance their contributions to palliative care, need to be accompanied by adequate resources. Finally, this study illustrated the need to think carefully about the language and role of hospice societies as palliative care moves toward a public health approach to care.
The endothelium, a key actor in organ development and hPSC-derived organoid vascularization
Authors: Vargas-Valderrama Alejandra , Messina Antonietta , Mitjavila-Garcia Maria Teresa , Guenou Hind
Published: May 2020

Over the last 4 decades, cell culture techniques have evolved towards the creation of in vitro multicellular entities that incorporate the three-dimensional complexity of in vivo tissues and organs. As a result, stem cells and adult progenitor cells have been used to derive self-organized 3D cell aggregates that mimic the morphological and functional traits of organs in vitro. These so-called organoids were first generated from primary animal and human tissues, then human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) arose as a new tool for organoid generation. Due to their self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential, hPSCs are an unlimited source of cells used for organoids. Today, hPSC-derived small intestinal, kidney, brain, liver, and pancreas organoids, among others, have been produced and are promising in vitro human models for diverse applications, including fundamental research, drug development and regenerative medicine. However, achieving in vivo-like organ complexity and maturation in vitro remains a challenge. Current hPSC-derived organoids are often limited in size and developmental state, resembling embryonic or fetal organs rather than adult organs. The use of endothelial cells to vascularize hPSC-derived organoids may represent a key to ensuring oxygen and nutrient distribution in large organoids, thus contributing to the maturation of adult-like organoids through paracrine signaling.

Here, we review the current state of the art regarding vascularized hPSC-derived organoids (vhPSC-Orgs). We analyze the progress achieved in the generation of organoids derived from the three primary germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm) exemplified by the pancreas, liver, kidneys and brain. Special attention will be given to the role of the endothelium in the organogenesis of the aforementioned organs, the sources of endothelial cells employed in vhPSC-Org protocols and the remaining challenges preventing the creation of ex vivo functional and vascularized organs.
Long noncoding RNA ZFAS1 promoting small nucleolar RNA-mediated 2′-O-methylation via NOP58 recruitment in colorectal cancer
Authors: Wu Huizhe , Qin Wenyan , Lu Senxu , Wang Xiufang , Zhang Jing , Sun Tong , Hu Xiaoyun , Li Yalun , Chen Qiuchen , Wang Yuanhe , Zhao Haishan , Piao Haiyan , Zhang Rui , Wei Minjie
Published: May 2020

Background

Increasing evidence supports the role of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as master gene regulators at the epigenetic modification level. However, the underlying mechanism of these functional ncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been well investigated.

Methods

The dysregulated expression profiling of lncRNAs-snoRNAs-mRNAs and their correlations and co-expression enrichment were assessed by GeneChip microarray analysis. The candidate lncRNAs, snoRNAs, and target genes were detected by in situ hybridization (ISH), RT-PCR, qPCR and immunofluorescence (IF) assays. The biological functions of these factors were investigated using in vitro and in vivo studies that included CCK8, trans-well, cell apoptosis, IF assay, western blot method, and the xenograft mice models. rRNA 2′-O-methylation (Me) activities were determined by the RTL-P assay and a novel double-stranded primer based on the single-stranded toehold (DPBST) assay. The underlying molecular mechanisms were explored by bioinformatics and RNA stability, RNA fluorescence ISH, RNA pull-down and translation inhibition assays.

Results

To demonstrate the involvement of lncRNA and snoRNAs in 2′-O-Me modification during tumorigenesis, we uncovered a previously unreported mechanism linking the snoRNPs NOP58 regulated by ZFAS1 in control of SNORD12C, SNORD78 mediated rRNA 2′-O-Me activities in CRC initiation and development. Specifically, ZFAS1 exerts its oncogenic functions and significantly up-regulated accompanied by elevated NOP58, SNORD12C/78 expression in CRC cells and tissues. ZFAS1 knockdown suppressed CRC cell proliferation, migration, and increased cell apoptosis, and this inhibitory effect could be reversed by NOP58 overexpression in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the NOP58 protein could be recognized by the specific motif (AAGA or CAGA) of ZFAS1. This event accelerates the assembly of SNORD12C/78 to allow for further guiding of 2′-O-Me at the corresponding Gm3878 and Gm4593 sites. Importantly, silencing SNORD12C or 78 reduced the rRNAs 2′-O-Me activities, which could be rescued by overexpression ZFAS1, and this subsequently inhibits the RNA stability and translation activity of their downstream targets (e.g., EIF4A3 and LAMC2).

Conclusion

The novel ZFAS1-NOP58-SNORD12C/78-EIF4A3/LAMC2 signaling axis that functions in CRC tumorigenesis provides a better understanding regarding the role of lncRNA-snoRNP-mediated rRNAs 2′-O-Me activities for the prevention and treatment of CRC.
Value migration: digitalization of shipping as a mechanism of industry dethronement
Authors: Poulis Konstantinos , Galanakis Gregorios C. , Triantafillou Gregory T. , Poulis Efthimios
Published: May 2020

In this conceptual paper, we review latest developments related to unmanned vessels and sketch potential scenarios that implicate with the existing maritime industry structure. On the one hand, we isolate a range of challenges that make the imminent realization of unmanned vessels seem like a rather utopian pursuit. On the other hand, we explain the reasons that may catalyse their emergence. Inspired by these opposing tensions, we highlight that the digital transformation of the shipping industry has the potential to enhance value within the industry’s ecosystem. However, we also contend that unmanned vessels -if realized- pose a very particular threat to the identity of the shipping industry as we know it. In particular, we build upon the concept of value migration and we highlight the drastic existential changes that may likely stem from a shift to non-seafarer-centric shipping. We conclude with questions that matter for industry dethronement purposes i.e., the possibility that existing industry structures may be substantially reconfigured following a removal of the seafarer as the nucleus of value creation in shipping.
Prediction and assessment of demand response potential with coupon incentives in highly renewable power systems
Authors: Ming Hao , Xia Bainan , Lee Ki-Yeob , Adepoju Adekunle , Shakkottai Srinivas , Xie Le
Published: May 2020

Demand Response (DR) provides both operational and financial benefits to a variety of stakeholders in the power system. For example, in the deregulated market operated by the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT), load serving entities (LSEs) usually purchase electricity from the wholesale market (either in day-ahead or real-time market) and sign fixed retail price contracts with their end-consumers. Therefore, incentivizing end-consumers’ load shift from peak to off-peak hours could benefit the LSE in terms of reducing its purchase of electricity under high prices from the real-time market. As the first-of-its-kind implementation of Coupon Incentive-based Demand Response (CIDR), the EnergyCoupon project provides end-consumers with dynamic time-of-use DR event announcements, individualized load reduction targets with EnergyCoupons as the incentive for meeting these targets, as well as periodic lotteries using these coupons as lottery tickets for winning dollar-value gifts. A number of methodologies are developed for this special type of DR program including price/baseline prediction, individualized target setting and a lottery mechanism. This paper summarizes the methodologies, design, critical findings, as well as the potential generalization of such an experiment. Comparison of the EnergyCoupon with a conventional Time-of-Use (TOU) price-based DR program is also conducted. Experimental results in the year 2017 show that by combining dynamic coupon offers with periodic lotteries, the effective cost for demand response providers in EnergyCoupon can be substantially reduced, while achieving a similar level of demand reduction as conventional DR programs.
Multidisciplinary Management of Breast Cancer With Extensive Regional Nodal Involvement
Authors: Smith Benjamin D. , Goetz Matthew P. , Boughey Judy C.
Published: May 2020

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors’ suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology, to patients seen in their own clinical practice.
Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and Infertility: A New Avenue for GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Authors: Cena Hellas , Chiovato Luca , Nappi Rossella E
Published: May 2020

Context

Obesity is responsible for an increased risk of sub-fecundity and infertility. Obese women show poorer reproductive outcomes regardless of the mode of conception, and higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with poorer fertility prognosis. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the leading causes of infertility, and many women with PCOS are also overweight or obese.

Evidence Acquisition

The aim of the present narrative review is to describe the mechanisms responsible for the development of infertility and PCOS in women with obesity/overweight, with a focus on the emerging role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) as a therapeutic option for obese women with PCOS.

Evidence synthesis

Weight reduction represents the most significant factor affecting fertility and pregnancy outcomes. Current experimental and clinical evidence suggests the presence of an underlying pathophysiological link between obesity, GLP-1 kinetic alterations, and PCOS pathogenesis. Based on the positive results in patients affected by obesity, with or without diabetes, the administration of GLP-1 RA (mainly liraglutide) alone or in combination with metformin has been investigated in women with obesity and PCOS. Several studies demonstrated significant weight loss and testosterone reduction, with mixed results relative to improvements in insulin resistance parameters and menstrual patterns.

Conclusions

The weight loss effects of GLP-1 RA offer a unique opportunity to expand the treatment options available to PCOS patients.
Dynamic imaging reveals surface exposure of virulent Leishmania amastigotes during pyroptosis of infected macrophages
Authors: Rosazza Thibault , Lecoeur Hervé , Blisnick Thierry , Moya-Nilges Maryse , Pescher Pascale , Bastin Phillipe , Prina Eric , Späth Gerald F.
Published: May 2020

Leishmania spp are obligate intracellular parasites that infect phagocytes, notably macrophages. No information is available on how Leishmania parasites respond to pyroptosis of their host cell, known to limit microbial infection. Here, we analyzed the pyroptotic process and the fate of intracellular amastigotes at the single cell level using high-content, real-time imaging. Bone marrow-derived macrophages were infected with virulent L. amazonensis amastigotes and sequentially treated with lipopolysaccharide and adenosine triphosphate for pyroptosis induction. Real-time monitoring identified distinct pyroptotic phases, including rapid decay of the parasitophorous vacuole (PV), progressive cell death, and translocation of the luminal PV membrane to the cell surface in 40% of macrophages, resulting in the extracellular exposure of amastigotes that remained anchored to PV membranes. Electron microscopy analyses revealed an exclusive polarized orientation of parasites, with the anterior pole exposed toward the extracellular milieu, and the parasite posterior pole attached to the PV membrane. Exposed parasites retain their full infectivity towards naïve macrophages suggesting that host cell pyroptosis may contribute to parasite dissemination.
Loss of CPAP in developing mouse brain and its functional implication for human primary microcephaly
Authors: Lin Yi-Nan , Lee Ying-Shan , Li Shu-Kuei , Tang Tang K.
Published: May 2020

Primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by small brain size with mental retardation. CPAP (also known as CENPJ), a known microcephaly-associated gene, plays a key role in centriole biogenesis. Here, we generated a previously unreported conditional knockout allele in the mouse Cpap gene. Our results showed that conditional Cpap deletion in the central nervous system preferentially induces formation of monopolar spindles in radial glia progenitors (RGPs) at around embryonic day 14.5 and causes robust apoptosis that severely disrupts embryonic brains. Interestingly, microcephalic brains with reduced apoptosis are detected in conditional Cpap gene-deleted mice that lose only one allele of p53 (also known as Trp53), while simultaneous removal of p53 and Cpap rescues RGP death. Furthermore, Cpap deletion leads to cilia loss, RGP mislocalization, junctional integrity disruption, massive heterotopia and severe cerebellar hypoplasia. Together, these findings indicate that complete CPAP loss leads to severe and complex phenotypes in developing mouse brain, and provide new insights into the causes of MCPH.
Crumbs, Galla and Xpd are required for Kinesin-5 regulation in mitosis and organ growth in Drosophila
Authors: Hwang Ji-Hyun , Vuong Linh Thuong , Choi Kwang-Wook
Published: May 2020

Xeroderma Pigmentosum D (XPD, also known as ERCC2) is a multi-functional protein involved in transcription, DNA repair and chromosome segregation. In Drosophila, Xpd interacts with Crumbs (Crb) and Galla to regulate mitosis during embryogenesis. It is unknown how these proteins are linked to mitosis. Here, we show that Crb, Galla-2 and Xpd regulate nuclear division in the syncytial embryo by interacting with Klp61F, the Drosophila mitotic Kinesin-5 associated with bipolar spindles. Crb, Galla-2 and Xpd physically interact with Klp61F and colocalize to mitotic spindles. Knockdown of any of these proteins results in similar mitotic defects. These phenotypes are restored by overexpression of Klp61F, suggesting that Klp61F is a major effector. Mitotic defects of galla-2 RNAi are suppressed by Xpd overexpression but not vice versa. Depletion of Crb, Galla-2 or Xpd results in a reduction of Klp61F levels. Reducing proteasome function restores Klp61F levels and suppresses mitotic defects caused by knockdown of Crb, Galla-2 or Xpd. Furthermore, eye growth is regulated by Xpd and Klp61F. Hence, we propose that Crb, Galla-2 and Xpd interact to maintain the level of Klp61F during mitosis and organ growth.
Influenza A virus utilizes noncanonical cap-snatching to diversify its mRNA/ncRNA
Authors: Li Lichao , Dai Hui , Nguyen An-phong , Hai Rong , Gu Weifeng
Published: May 2020

Influenza A virus (IAV) utilizes cap-snatching to obtain host capped small RNAs for priming viral mRNA synthesis, generating capped hybrid mRNAs for translation. Previous studies have been focusing on canonical cap-snatching, which occurs at the very 5′ end of viral mRNAs. Here we discovered noncanonical cap-snatching, which generates capped hybrid mRNAs/noncoding RNAs mapped to the region ∼300 nucleotides (nt) upstream of each mRNA 3′ end, and to the 5′ region, primarily starting at the second nt, of each virion RNAs (vRNA). Like canonical cap-snatching, noncanonical cap-snatching utilizes a base-pairing between the last nt G of host capped RNAs and a nt C of template RNAs to prime RNA synthesis. However, the nt upstream of this template C is usually A/U rather than just U; prime-realignment occurs less frequently. We also demonstrate that IAV can snatch capped IAV RNAs in addition to host RNAs. Noncanonical cap-snatching likely generates novel mRNAs with start AUG encoded in viral or host RNAs. These findings expand our understanding of cap-snatching mechanisms and suggest that IAV may utilize noncanonical cap-snatching to diversify its mRNAs/ncRNAs.
Διερεύνηση των απόψεων των καθηγητών της Ειδικής αγωγής σχετικά με τη συμβολή της εκπαίδευσης των ατόμων με αναπηρίες στα Ε.Ε.Ε.Ε.Κ (Εργαστήρια Ειδικής Επαγγελματικής Εκπαίδευσης και Κατάρτισης) στην κοινωνική τους ένταξη.
Authors: Πατσιαλίδου Μαρία
Published: May 2020

Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο οι εκπαιδευτικοί που εργάζονται σε δομές της ειδικής αγωγής, καλούνται να ανταποκριθούν στο απαιτητικό έργο τους, με σκοπό την κοινωνική ένταξη των ατόμων με αναπηρία. Η παρούσα έρευνα έχει ως στόχο τη διερεύνηση των απόψεων των εκπαιδευτικών σχετικά με το εάν και κατά πόσο το πρόγραμμα διδασκαλίας και η συνολική λειτουργία των ΕΕΕΕΚ Παραμυθιάς και Πτολεμαΐδας, συντελούν στην κοινωνική ένταξη των μαθητών. Για τη διεξαγωγή της έρευνας επιλέξαμε ως μέθοδο την ποσοτική προσέγγιση και ως εργαλείο συλλογής των δεδομένων το ερωτηματολόγιο που δομήθηκε ειδικά για την έρευνα. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι τα ΕΕΕΕΚ δεν άρουν τον κοινωνικό αποκλεισμό των ατόμων με αναπηρία, αφού αποτελούν δομές ξεκομμένες από τις άλλες εκπαιδευτικές δομές, οι εκπαιδευτικοί που διδάσκουν δεν είναι μόνιμοι και δεν έχουν εξειδίκευση στην ειδική αγωγή κι επιπλέον είναι διαπιστωμένη η ύπαρξη διαφόρων προβλημάτων στη λειτουργία των ΕΕΕΕΚ (οικονομικά, στέγασης, κλπ.). Με την παρούσα έρευνα επιδιώκουμε να συνεισφέρουμε στην έρευνα που αφορά στο θεσμό της ειδικής αγωγής και ειδικότερα σε θέματα που αφορούν στη δομή ΕΕΕΕΚ, αναφορικά με τη λειτουργία τους. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνάς μας θα μπορούσαν να φανούν χρήσιμα και να αξιοποιηθούν στο συνολικό σχεδιασμό προγραμμάτων της ειδικής αγωγής, από φορείς που έχουν ως αντικείμενο την ειδική αγωγή.
Effectiveness of interventions to reduce adverse outcomes among older adults following emergency department discharge: Protocol for an overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Conneely Mairéad , Robinson Katie , Leahy Siobhán , Trépel Dominic , Jordan Fionnuala , Galvin Rose
Published: May 2020

Background: Older adults are frequent users of Emergency departments (ED) and this trend will continue due to population ageing and the associated increase in healthcare needs. Older adults are vulnerable to adverse outcomes following ED discharge. A number of heterogeneous interventions have been developed and implemented to improve clinical outcomes among this cohort. A growing number of systematic reviews have synthesised evidence regarding ED interventions using varying methodologies. This overview aims to synthesise the totality of evidence in order to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to reduce adverse outcomes in older adults discharged from the ED.

Methods: To identify relevant reviews, the following databases will be searched: Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews, Joanna Briggs Institute Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, Databases of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, PubMed, MEDLINE, Epistemonikos, Ageline, Embase, PEDro, Scopus, CINAHL and the PROSPERO register. The search for grey literature will include Open Grey and Grey Literature Reports. Systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials will be analysed to assess the effect of ED interventions on clinical and process outcomes in older adults. Methodological quality of the reviews will be assessed using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 tool. The review will be reported in accordance to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Summary of findings will include a hierarchical rank of interventions based on estimates of effects and the quality of evidence.

Discussion: This overview is required given the number of systematic reviews published regarding the effectiveness of various ED interventions for older adults at risk of adverse outcomes following discharge from the ED. There is a need to examine the totality of evidence using rigorous analytic techniques to inform best care and potentially develop a hierarchy of treatment options.

PROSPERO registration: CRD42020145315 (28/04/2020)
Product Market Peers in Lending
Authors: De Franco Gus , Edwards Alexander , Liao Scott
Published: May 2020

This study examines how product market peers affect lending relationships. We contend that firms are more likely to borrow from a bank that has previously lent to a peer to mitigate information asymmetry with the bank when potential information processing efficiencies are greater (i.e., information efficiency hypothesis), but there will be a decreased propensity to borrow from a shared lender when the costs of leaking proprietary information are greater (i.e., proprietary information leakage hypothesis). We find that, after bank mergers that involve peers’ lenders, firms are more likely to switch banks to avoid sharing the same lenders as a product market peer. In cross-sectional analyses, we find that after bank mergers that involve a peer’s bank, firms are less likely to switch when the firm’s financial reporting is more opaque and has greater monitoring needs, consistent with the information efficiency hypothesis. In contrast, firms are more likely to switch after bank mergers that involve a peer’s bank when the firm belongs to an industry with greater proprietary costs and when the bank has greater incentives to leak information, consistent with the proprietary cost hypothesis.

This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
Ambientalidade, Co-existência e Sustentabilidade: Uma Gestalt em Movimento
Authors: Ribeiro Jorge Ponciano
Published: May 2020

O artigo tem como objetivo propor e discutir a noção de ambientalidade, colocando-a em diálogo com as noções de sustentabilidade e co-existência, visando promover, no âmbito da Gestalt-Terapia, discussões acerca de nossa implicação ética e existencial com o Planeta Terra. Ambientalidade é um termo inexistente no dicionário e que está aqui proposto como derivação da palavra ambiente para, juntamente com animalidade e racionalidade, constituir a definição da estrutura de nossa essência humana. Animal-racional, o ser humano tem sido definido, frequentemente, de uma maneira inadequada, pois falta-lhe o terceiro existencial: ambientalidade, que estou constituindo e definindo a partir dos modos de existência que constituem a experiência humana de ser pessoa. Ambientalidade é uma dimensão da essência humana, através da qual somos co-constituintes do universo, somos partes fundantes consubstanciais de uma totalidade através da qual tudo muda, tudo está ligado a tudo. Considerando a noção de Campo organismo/ambiente da Gestalt-Terapia como um construto central na abordagem, o desenvolvimento da noção de ambientalidade pode contribuir para ampliar o escopo da perspectiva gestáltica na direção de discussões que englobem de modo mais efetivo as relações das pessoas com o mundo e coloquem em relevo sua implicação com a sustentabilidade do planeta.
A Gestalt-Terapia em Tempos de Incerteza: A Potência do Não-Saber
Authors: Cavanellas Luciana Bicalho , Barbosa Ronaldo Miranda
Published: May 2020

Em tempos de incerteza, temos vivenciado a ineficiência do acúmulo de conhecimento técnico-científico na criação de um mundo mais satisfatório e equânime. As injustiças, as violências e os adoecimentos têm sido porta-vozes da crise humanitária que atravessamos, onde a vida tem se revelado tentativa de sobrevivência para uma maioria de pessoas, nos mais diferentes lugares. Diante da hegemonia de um tipo de saber dominante, que visa previsibilidade e controle, experiências de alteridade tendem a ser suprimidas e desqualificadas. A Gestalt-Terapia, nascida em berço existencial-fenomenológico, nos resgata a importância de um olhar que vai ao encontro do outro com abertura e coragem, acolhendo a diversidade e valorizando a força das experiências vividas. O cuidado se revela como atitude necessária de inquietação e desvelo, favorecendo a capacidade de confiar na gratuidade e na beleza dos encontros como fonte de aprendizado, experiência e conhecimento. O não-saber a priori acaba por revelar-se fonte potente de descoberta e criação de novas realidades.
Resenha do Livro Situações Clínicas em Gestalt-terapia
Authors: Araujo Erika Da Silva , Souza Deborah Da Silva de
Published: May 2020

Frazão, L. M., & Fukumitso, K. O. (Orgs.). (2019). Situações clínicas em Gestalt-terapia (Coleção Gestalt-terapia: fundamentos e práticas - 06). São Paulo, SP: Summus Editorial.
Avaliação de Bem-Estar Psicológico e Sintomas Depressivos em Idosos Saudáveis
Authors: Oliveira Daiane Santos de , Lima Manuela Polidoro , Ratto Cleber Gibbon , Rossi Tainá , Baptista Rafael Reiman , Irigaray Tatiana Quarti
Published: May 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre bem-estar psicológico e a presença de sintomas depressivos em idosos saudáveis. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: ficha de dados sociodemográficos, EDEP e BDI-II. Os dados foram analisados com o auxílio do SPSS, por meio de frequências, média, desvio padrão e correlações de Spearman. A amostra foi composta por 64 idosos, com média de idade de 69,61 (DP=7,58) e média de escolaridade de 4,59 anos de estudo (DP=2,61). Os resultados indicaram correlação inversa, moderada e significativa entre sintomatologia depressiva e os domínios autonomia, ambiente e relações positivas com os outros, encontrou-se ainda correlação inversa e fraca entre sintomatologia depressiva e crescimento pessoal. Acredita-se que escolaridade e atividade física podem ser fatores protetivos para depressão e bem-estar psicológico no envelhecimento. Por fim, levanta-se a hipótese de haver uma retroalimentação entre as variáveis que se correlacionaram entre si de forma significativa neste estudo.
"O Lado B da Maternidade": Um Estudo Qualitativo a partir de Blogs
Authors: Pesce Luisa Ruzzarin , Lopes Rita De Cássia Sobreira
Published: May 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender o que foi denominado pelas mães, nas redes sociais, de "Lado B da maternidade". Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo envolvendo falas de mães, ao longo do primeiro ano de vida do bebê, extraídas de 101 blogs, que tinham como tema central o "Lado B da maternidade". As falas das mães nos blogs foram analisadas por meio de análise temática e expressaram sentimentos de desamparo, solidão e ambivalência, característicos do período de dependência. Há um confronto das expectativas sociais idealizadas em relação à maternidade com a experiência materna cotidiana com o bebê, que acaba gerando na mãe, também, sentimentos de culpa por não estar correspondendo ao ideal social. As mães relataram dificuldades em lidar com as exigências que perpassam sua vida pessoal, social e conjugal. Os resultados sugerem que nos espaços de blogs com referências explicitas ao "Lado B" da maternidade as mulheres falam sobre aquilo que, normalmente, permanece oculto e negado no discurso social, rompendo, assim, com a visão idealizada da maternidade. Poder falar livremente sobre aspectos da experiência da maternidade usualmente cindidos e negados – o lado B da maternidade –, oportuniza, para além do alívio, diminuição de angústia e de culpa.
A Histórica Multiplicidade da Psicologia Social
Authors: Waeny Maria Fernanda Costa , Macedo Cibele Mariano Vaz de
Published: May 2020

O texto relata os resultados de pesquisa por títulos em psicologia social anteriores a 1908 disponíveis em fontes digitais. Esta pesquisa retornou autores pouco citados, como Philarète Chasles e Paul Lapie; também possibilitou identificar que os conhecidos títulos de Gabriel Tarde e de Charles Ellwood são, de fato, uma seleção de artigos já publicados anteriormente; portanto, apenas os livros de Chasles e de Lapie são publicações originais. Em uma segunda etapa da pesquisa Chasles e Lapieforam objeto de levantamento bibliográfico; investigando menções a estes autores, foram localizados artigos de pesquisadores em história da psicologia social. O conjunto de dados obtidos a partir desta coleta em fontes primárias e a análise de alguns conceitos e proposições em psicologia social complementam o objeto deste artigo. Por fim, conclui-se que as novas metodologias digitais e o acesso a acervos digitais contribuem para identificar fontes primárias inéditas, as quais propiciam novas perspectivas historiográficas e a investigação de concepções vigentes no período tratado, mas pouco conhecidas em relação à multiplicidade da psicologia social; investigações como essa podem ampliar a perspectiva sobre o processo de constituição da psicologia social, renovar a pesquisa sobre a disciplina e a narrativa que se tem construído a seu respeito.
IMPLÍCITOS CODIFICADOS E A REPRESENTAÇÃO DA MULHER EM TEXTOS VERBO-VISUAIS
Authors: Feres Beatriz Dos Santos
Published: May 2020

A partir do pressuposto de que a leitura competente demanda habilidades relacionadas às bases sociodiscursivas de todo texto, este artigo analisa implícitos codificados relacionados à representação da mulher em textos verbo-visuais. Define-se implícito codificado como um dado obtido na relação entre texto e contexto tanto a partir de regularidades comportamentais dos interagentes envolvidos nas trocas comunicativas, quanto das constantes caracterizadoras dessas trocas, ambas confirmadas por discursos de representação. Os implícitos codificados dizem respeito a dados externos, semiotizados por meio de índices e categorizados de acordo com as quatro condições de enunciação: de identidade, de finalidade, de propósito e de dispositivo (CHARAUDEAU, 2007). Diferentemente dos dados internos, linguageiros em sua essência, os externos orientam como dizer (e como compreender), sempre em relação ao contrato comunicativo que se estabelece em cada troca. Na extremidade da leitura, essas regularidades inscritas convencionalmente nos textos operam como constantes interpretativas altamente codificadas. A investigação partirá da hipótese de que os implícitos codificados em textos verbo-visuais de grande circulação social podem não só testemunhar um modo de ser e parecer mulher, mas também promover sua perpetuação, ou sua refutação. A análise estará fundamentada, prioritariamente, pela Teoria Semiolinguística de Análise de Discurso, não sem contar com a interface da Sociologia e da Psicologia Social. O corpus selecionado abriga textos dos gêneros meme, tirinha e conto ilustrado.
Régis Debray e os Estudos do Discurso: contribuições midiológicas para o conceito de suporte discursivo
Authors: Ferreira Vitor Vieira
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo possui dois objetivos específicos e que estruturarão nosso texto. Em primeiro lugar, apresentaremos a midiologia de Régis Debray, destacando-lhe alguns de seus aspectos, postos em seguida em interface com os Estudos do Discurso. Em segundo lugar, a partir do conceito de suporte presente nas obras do autor francês, desenvolveremos teoricamente à luz dos Estudos do Discurso o conceito de suporte discursivo e sustentaremos sua relevância como uma ferramenta de análise que seja cara à análise do discurso.
Apresentação
Authors: Seara Isabel Roboredo , Dominguez Michelle Alonso
Published: May 2020

Apresentação da edição
Maria Aparecida Lino Pauliukonis entrevista Patrick Charaudeau
Authors: Pauliukonis Maria Aparecida Lino
Published: May 2020

Entrevista
Pemisahan Padatan Lumpur Tinja Pada Unit Solid Separation Chamber (SSC)
Authors: Wulandari Dwi
Published: May 2020

Lumpur tinja merupakan sumber pencemar yang mengandung padatan, material organik dan mikroorganisme patogen. Lumpur tinja memiliki karakteristik umum seperti TSS 4.000-100.000 mg/L, COD 20.000-50.000 mg/L, BOD5 6.000-7.600 mg/L, dan total coliform 105-1010 CFU/100 mL. Tangki septik kedap air merupakan salah satu solusi yang digunakan oleh masyarakat dalam pengolahan lumpur tinja. Tangki septik mengendapkan padatan dan mendegradasi lumpur tinja secara anaerobic, tetapi hasil degradasi masih mengandung zat organik maupun patogen yang membahayakan lingkungan. Salah satu unit pengolahan lumpur tinja dari tangki septik adalah Solid Separation Chamber  (SSC) yang memisahkan padatan dan cairan. Proses di dalam unit SSC dipengaruhi oleh ketebalan lumpur, media filter, maupun konsentrasi TS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada ketebalan 30 cm konsentrasi TS mempengaruhi proses di dalam unit SSC. Semakin besar konsentrasi TS yang masuk akan mempengaruhi besarnya filtrat yang dihasilkan dan penyisihan bahan organik, padatan tersuspensi, dan total coliform.
Supportive strategies for men who perform a care role: an occupational perspective
Authors: Davys Deborah , Collins Tracy
Published: May 2020

Background/aims

Health and social care practitioners often work alongside caregivers. This study aimed to consider commonality in the experience of male caregiving using secondary analysis of research related to fathers of an adult child with intellectual disability and to older widowers.

Methods

Secondary analysis of findings arising from two qualitative studies of men who have experience of a caregiving role (fathers of an adult child with intellectual disability and older widowers) was applied using a triangulation approach to illuminate, develop and enrich inter-study findings.

Results

Overarching themes across the two studies included ‘aspects of a care role’ and ‘supportive mechanisms’. The findings demonstrate that men from these specific groups are actively involved in care and that there are varied aspects to a care role. Factors that support men include the provision of appropriate and timely information, time spent pursuing leisure activities and support from family, friends and individualised services.

Conclusions

There are multiple aspects involved in a care role and the provision of care has positive and negative impacts on men. If service providers are aware of support strategies that are useful to male carers, this may support the health and wellbeing of both the carer and the person they support.
Florence Under Siege
Authors: Henderson John
Published: May 2020

Plague remains the paradigm against which reactions to many epidemics are often judged. This book examines how a major city fought, suffered, and survived the impact of plague. Going beyond traditional oppositions between rich and poor, the book provides a nuanced and more compassionate interpretation of government policies in practice, by recreating the very human reactions and survival strategies of families and individuals. From the evocation of the overcrowded conditions in isolation hospitals to the splendor of religious processions, the book analyzes Florentine reactions within a wider European context to assess the effect of state policies on the city, street, and family. It unearths the forgotten stories of doctors and administrators struggling to cope with the sick and dying, and of those who were left bereft and confused by the sudden loss of relatives.
Plague and Public Health in Italy and Europe
Authors: Henderson John
Published: May 2020

This introductory chapter provides an overview of plague and public health in Italy and Europe. Plagues, and more generally the campaigns mounted by governments to address emergencies caused by outbreaks of epidemic disease, have remained an important area of historical research, and continue to remain relevant to the present day. It is often portrayed as having provided a template for public health, with some of the main strategies developed in the Renaissance and early modern periods as models for later policies. Italy has been seen as central to this process, developing the first ‘effective’ plague measures; for, just as the Renaissance was viewed as gradually ‘civilising’ countries north of the Alps, so was the influence of Italian administrative reactions to epidemic disease. Focusing on plague in Florence, the book examines, on the one hand, the mixed motivations and attitudes of those who ran governments and, on the other, the varied reactions and activities of the lower levels of society, suggesting they were far from passive actors who accepted decrees and legislation from above.
Mining the Underground Wealth of Nations: A Word on Theory and History
Authors: Graulau Jeannette
Published: May 2020

This chapter discusses the place of mining in the history and theory of capitalism. It talks about Adam Smith who explained that of all the expensive and uncertain projects which bring bankruptcy upon the greater part of the people who engage in them, there is none perhaps more perfectly ruinous than the search for new silver and gold mines. However, Adam Smith could not anticipate the innovative industrial force that mining would have in nineteenth-century Britain. Nor did Smith see the force of mining in the movement toward land improvements in northern Europe. Other than reflecting negatively upon the coal mines of England, Smith said very little about the relationship between mining and wealth.