bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ІНІЦІАЦІЯ ЯК ПОЕТИКАЛЬНА ОЗНАКА НОВЕЛ С. ЦВЕЙҐА (НАУКОВО-МЕТОДИЧНІ МАТЕРІАЛИ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ НОВЕЛІСТИЧНОЇ СПАДЩИНИ ПИСЬМЕННИКА У ВИШІ)
Authors: Тереховска Олена
Published: July 2020

У статті йдеться про поетикальну специфіку новел С. Цвейґа, зокрема в аспекті їхньої структури. Мета – довести, що ініціація є поетикальною ознакою новел С. Цвейґа, а також узагальнити й адаптувати науково-теоретичний матеріал з цієї проблеми для студентів-філологів під час їхньої підготовки до прак­тичних і семінарських занять. Дослідницька методика полягає в екстраполяції поняття ініціації як специ­фічного соціально-психологічного феномену на художній текст новел С. Цвейґа, а також у визначенні ініціації, що становить зміст і сутність кульмінаційного моменту в новелі, специфічною поетикальною ознакою цього жанру. Результати дослідження. Доведено, що кульмінаційний момент, закладений у саму природу новели на рівні її структури, утворюється за рахунок взаємодії двох специфічних особливостей новелістичного жанру – сюжету і підсюжету. З’ясовано, що в сюжеті розгортаються події з життя героя, змальовуються зміни, до яких вони призвели в його почуттях чи свідомості; у підсюжеті – паралельне розкриття сил, не усвідомлюваних героєм, які, проте, стали причиною саме такого розвитку подій і якісних змін внутрішнього світу героя – ініціації. Встановлено, що в кульмінаційний момент, – коли схрещуються сюжетна і підсюжетна лінії, – народжується ідея твору. У статті проаналізовано зміст поняття ініціації як специфічного соціально-психологічного феномену та її різновиди. Визначено, що ситуації, у які потрапляють герої новел С. Цвейґа і при цьому переживають миті духовного прозріння, є межовими (пограничними). Саме в такі моменти із персонажами відбуваються «стихійні» ініціації й онтологічні перетворення. Це знаходить вираження в їхньому образі мислення, у поведінці, в їхніх часто фатальних вчинках. Доведено, що ініціація і є кульмінацією новели, а відповідно, і її поетикальною озна­кою, закладеною в самій її природі. У науковій розвідці наведено приклади проходження ініціації голов­ними героями новел «Амок», «24 години з життя жінки», «Пекуча таємниця». Наукова новизна. Проб­лема ініціації як соціально-психологічного феномену включена в саму жанрову природу новел С. Цвейґа становить наукову новизну цієї статті. Практичне значення результатів дослідження полягає в мож­ливості їхнього використання при подальшому вивченні поетикальної специфіки новелістичної спадщини С. Цвейґа, а також при підготовці студентів-філологів до практичних і семінарських занять.
ІВАН ФРАНКО В КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ЛЕОНІДА ФРІЗМАНА
Authors: Оляндер Луїза
Published: July 2020

Мета. Стаття присвячена аналізу концептуальних підходів  видатного українського вченого Л. Фрізмана (1935 – 2018) до творчості та особистості І. Я. Франка в монографії Л. Фрізмана «Иван Франко: взгляд на литературу» (2017), яка розглядається в контексті сучасного літературознавства, в тому числі й франкознавства. Дослідницька методика. Для аналізу використаний синтез основоположних методів і принципів наукового дослідження, серед яких перш за все герменевтичний, порівняльно-зіставний, типологічний, поетологічний, біографічний у їх взаємозв’язку і доповнюваності. Результати дослідження. В статті послідовно розкривається проблема Іван Франко в концепції Л. Фрізмана, акцентована специфіка фрізманівського дискурсу, підкреслена його смислотворча функція, завдяки чому розширились можливості для поглибленого осмислення критичного доробку І. Франка, котрий доказово представлений як письменник і критик світового масштабу. Наукова новизна. У ході дослідження схарактеризований внесок Л. Фрізмана в наукове осмислення специфічних рис письменницької критики І. Франка через мову письменника, поетику заголовків статей, епіграфів до них, поєднання критики з публіцистикою, жанрово-композиційне різноманіття, художні засоби, через організацію (полі)діалогичної ситуації; конкретизовано поняття «І. Франко – письменник світового рівня». Практичне значення. Отримані результати дослідження можуть бути використані для подальшого вивчення творчості не тільки І. Франка, але й інших письменників, які виступають з критичними статтями. Наукові спостереження та висновки можуть лягти в основу лекційних курсів у вишах з історії російської, української та зарубіжної літератур кінця ХIХ – початку ХХ століття і теорії літератури, використані в шкільному викладанні історії української літератури та характеру віддзеркалення літературного тексту в інших видах мистецтва.
«ПОДЗВОНИ МЕНІ…» (СПОГАДИ ПРО Л. Г. ФРІЗМАНА)
Authors: Криворучко Світлана
Published: July 2020

У спогадах йдеться про майже побутові епізоди життя видатного українського літературознавця Леоніда Генріховича Фрізмана (1935–2018), який створив Харківську наукову школу дослідників російської літератури та літературної критики. Наука була майже провідною, якщо не провідною, іпостассю життя Л. Г. Фрізмана. Під його науковим керівництвом захищено понад 50 кандидатських та 3 докторських дисертацій. Однак найголовнішим у його житті було те, що він був хорошою людиною.
Leg ulcer treatment by superficial vein surgery and saline-gauze dressing
Authors: Dagilaitis Rolandas , Triponis Vytautas , Gudgalytė Ingrida , Triponienė Dalia
Published: July 2020

Rolandas Dagilaitis,  Vytautas Triponis, Ingrida Gudgalytė,  Dalia TriponienėVilnius University Centre of Vascular Surgery,Antakalnio str. 57, LT-10207 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: vytautas.triponis@mf.vu.lt
Objective
To determine the effectiveness of phlebectomy and topic saline in patients with leg ulcer caused by isolated superficial vein reflux.
Materials and methods
One hundred and thirty consecutive patients with 143 ulcers were operated for superficial varicose veins and venous ulcer. Patients with deep reflux, peripheral arterial disease (ankle/brachial index <0.9), diabetes, history of circular venous ulcer, malignancies, mental disorders, musculoskeletal diseases limiting patient’s physical activity and edema of non venous origin were excluded from the study. Past history data were recorded by questionnaires which included the duration of the ulcer, the number of recurrences, characteristic of compression therapy and topic agents used for ulcer care. Ulcer size was evaluated according to its largest dimension. Operations were performed under regional anaesthesia. All patients were followed at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. No compression therapy was advocated postoperatively.
Results
Ulcer manifestation span was from 1 to 33 years, 6.47±0.55 years on the average (p < 0.0001). Preoperative compression therapy was inadequate in all patients, local treatment was carried out with large range of antiseptic solutions. Postoperative healing rate at 3 months was as follows: 95.8% for ulcers < 3 cm , 79% and 37.7% for ulcers 3-6 cm and >6 cm respectively. The healing process was complete in 135 (94.4%) ulcers at 1 year. One healed ulcer (0.7%) recurred between 6 and 12 months, 7 ulcers >6 cm showed reepithelialization being in process.
Conclusion
Phlebectomy in cases of isolated superficial vein reflux is able to heal venous ulcers in majority of patients. The healing rate was correlative with ulcer size and duration. Surgery plus saline-gauze local treatment significantly reduced the costs of venous ulcer treatment.
Key words: leg ulcer, superficial vein surgery, topical treatment
Variation in Car Seat Tolerance Screen Performance in Newborn Nurseries
Authors: Davis Natalie L. , Hoffman Benjamin D. , Eichenwald Eric C.
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND:

Currently, car seat tolerance screens (CSTSs) are recommended for all infants born prematurely in the United States. Although many late-preterm infants are cared for exclusively in newborn nurseries (NBNs), data on implementation of CSTS in nurseries are limited. Our objective for this study was to determine management strategies and potential variation in practice of CSTS in NBNs across the nation.

METHODS:

We surveyed NBNs across 35 states using the Better Outcomes through Research for Newborns (BORN) network to determine what percentage perform CSTSs, inclusion and failure criteria, performance characteristics, follow-up of failed CSTSs including use of car beds, and provider attitudes toward CSTS.

RESULTS:

Of the 84 NBNs surveyed, 90.5% performed predischarge CSTSs. The most common failure criteria were saturation <90%, bradycardia <80 beats per minute, and apnea >20 seconds. More than 55% noted hypotonia as an additional inclusion criterion for testing, and >34% tested any infant who had ever required supplemental oxygen. After an initial failed CSTS, >93% of NBNs retested in a car seat at a future time point, whereas only ∼1% automatically discharged infants in a car bed. When asked which infants should undergo predischarge CSTS, the most common recommendations by survey respondents included infants with hypotonia (83%), airway malformations (78%), hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (63%), and prematurity (61%).

CONCLUSIONS:

There is a large degree of variability in implementation of CSTS in NBNs across the United States. Further guidance on screening practices and failure criteria is needed to inform future practice and policy.
Accesibilidad: Elemento Fundamental para la Ejecución de Infraestructura de Transporte.
Authors: Manrique Bautista Jhair Andrés , Jimenez Serpa Jose Carlos , Salas Rondón Miller Humberto
Published: July 2020

El Área Metropolitana de Bucaramanga -AMB- presenta actualmente una situación crítica de movilidad generada por diferentes factores ya sean políticos, sociales o del territorio, por ende se hace necesario una metodología de inversión en términos de infraestructura vial que beneficien a la mayor cantidad de habitantes posibles. Con esta investigación se pretende informar, fortalecer, optimizar y mejorar las condiciones viales presentes en todo el territorio Colombiano, demostrardo que con un procedimiento de selección de proyectos viales en términos de tiempo, costo generalizado del viaje y optimización de los recursos públicos, se asegura un beneficio para la comunidad y no para un particular. La metodología utilizada fue basada en la determinación de índices de accesibilidad obtenidos de dos escenarios el actual, (hace referencia a la malla vial existente en AMB) y el futuro, (malla vial existente más los proyectos viales futuros) modelados por medio del software TransCad en el cual se obtuvieron malla vial futura que representaron ahorros en pesos colombianos de $4.365 millones (1,51 millones de USD).
Álvaro del Portillo y el desarrollo del Opus Dei al inicio de la posguerra española (1939-1940)
Authors: Díaz Onésimo
Published: July 2020

Se pretende mostrar el desarrollo del Opus Dei durante la posguerra española a través de uno de los protagonistas: Álvaro Portillo. Ayudante de Obras Públicas y estudiante en la Escuela de Ingenieros, como Secretario General del Opus Dei ayudó al fundador en la formación de los primeros miembros, y participó activamente en los viajes de fin de semana desde Madrid a otras ciudades en aras de la primera expansión del Opus Dei.
Del sistema de información 2ArchIS al DataRepositóriUM: el estudio de caso de hallazgos arqueológicos
Authors: Botica Natália , Magalhães Fernanda , Machado Diego , Fontes Luís
Published: July 2020

Para promover la ciencia abierta y la reutilización de datos, es necesar io que estos estén disponibles en repositorios abiertos que garanticen su accesibilidad y permanencia. Los repositorios de datos arqueológicos son particularmente importantes ya que muchos de estos conjuntos de datos son el resultado de actividades irrepetibles y ofrecen perspectivas casi infinitas para su reutilización. Sin embargo, no es suficiente transferir datos arqueológicos a repositorios para su difusión y preservación. Para que los datos sean Localizables, Accesibles y Reutilizables, deben obedecer las directrices que aseguran el uso de un esquema de metadatos adecuado, identificadores persistentes, vocabularios bien definidos, procedimientos para normalizar y mejorar la calidad de los datos y formatos de archivo sostenibles. Para lograr este objetivo, presentamos la metodología utilizada para registrar datos arqueológicos en el contexto del trabajo de campo y de oficina, resultantes del trabajo realizado por la Unidade de Arqueología de la Universidade de Minho. Estos conjuntos de datos se registran en el sistema de información 2ArchIS y se exportan para su disponibilidad en el repositorio científico «DataRepositóriUM», de acceso abier to y asociados con metadatos que promueven su permanencia, difusión y reutilización por par te de múltiples usuarios, en varios proyectos de investigación. También presentamos algunos ejemplos de trabajos de visualización e investigación realizados sobre estos conjuntos de datos que, al compartirlos en el repositorio, se pueden utilizar para reproducir la investigación ya realizada, pero también en nuevos trabajos de investigación.
Studying on regeneration of several cassava varieties (Manihot esculenta Crantz) via friable embryogenic callus
Authors: Minh Hong Nguyen Thi , Hoai Thuong Nguyen Thi , Ngoc Pham Bich , Ha Chu Hoang
Published: July 2020

Cassava (Manihotesculenta Crantz) is considered as one of the most important food crops which has high economic value in many areas. It is very neccessay to perfect the cassava regeneration protocol for genetic transformation purpose. In this study, cassava regeneration via friable embryogenic callus (FEC) from tip bud, young stem, pieces of leaf had been optimized in five cassava varieties which were planted in Vietnam including KM 140 (S1), NgheAn white cassava (S2), Lang Son red cassava (S3), HoaBinh high – yield cassava (S4) and Huay Bong (S5). The results indicated that on MS medium supplemented with 10 mg/l Picloram, the proportion of callus formation was very high, reached from 90 to 100%.  In the case of using tip buds, after three weeks, calli were transferred to MS medium adding 5 mg/l picloram and 0,2 mg/l IBA. The proportion of FEC formation reached 41,1 – 80,4 % after 8 weeks of cultivation in all studied Cassava varieties. The samples were transferred to MS medium adding 0,3 mg/l BAP to elongate shoots in 4 weeks. The highest regeneration rate belonged to S1, and was 61,67%. Three weeks after shoot transferring on MS medium, the complete seedlings were grown in substrate which was composed by TN01 and husk hun with ratio of 6:4 in greenhouse. As a result, the rate of survival plants reached to 95%. The process of regeneration of cassava through embryonic calli could be applied for the improvement of desired cassava varieties by method of genetic engineering.
Micropropagation of dendrobium heterocarpum lindl.
Authors: Tham Dang Thi , Bing H’Yon Nie , Thanh Hang Nguyen Thi , Khiem Dinh Van , Duy Nong Van , Vinh Tran Thai , Hoi Quach Van , Cong Vu Kim
Published: July 2020

Dendrobium heterocarpum Lindl. is an endangered species which is currently used as ornamental pot plant for its beautiful flowers. An increase in collection for trade or any other purposes may lead to a dramatic decrease in the population of this species, thus becoming rare or endangered species in the near future. In this study, effects of plant growth regulators (BA, NAA, IAA, IBA, TDZ) and natural supplements (carrot, potato, and banana extracts) on protocorm like bodies (PLBs) formation; growth and development of shoot; and root regeneration of D. heterocarpum Lindl. as well as type of substrates on acclimatization and growth of seedlings were investigated. The results showed that PLBs formation was optimal on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L BA and 1.0 mg/L NAA (7.11 PLBs/explant; PLBs formation percentage of 68.9%) or MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L TDZ and 0.5 mg/L NAA (7.29 PLBs/explant; PLBs formation percentage of 75.53%). For subculture, MS medium supplemented 1.5 mg/L BA and 60 g/L banana extract (22.40 shoots/explant; shoot length of 2 cm) was the most suitable for shoot regeneration and growth. Additionally, root formation was the most suitable on ½ MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L NAA (4.4 roots/shoot; root length of 3.12 cm; root formation of 95.56%). Finally, the sufficiently rooted plantlets were transferred to greenhouse for hardening. After 60 days, coconut fiber substrate was the most suitable for seedling growth and development (with survival rate of 97.78%, root number of 5 and shoot length of 3.4 cm). The results of propagation in vitro Dendrobium heterocarpum Lindl. contribute to conservation and sustainable development as well as towards the rapid multiplication of seedlings for commercial commercialization of this wild orchid species.
Isolation and screening marine fungi with antimicrobial activity from samples collected in Nha Trang bay, VietNam
Authors: Hoai Trinh Phan Thi , Tien Phi Quyet , Duy Ngoc Ngo Thi , Ly Bui Minh , Thanh Van Tran Thi
Published: July 2020

The marine environment is an extremely complex ecosystem and contains a broad spectrum of fungal diversity. Marine fungi have been shown to be tremendous sources for new and biologically active secondary metabolites. The present study aims to isolate and screen antimicrobial properties of 100 fungus strains from different marine sources including seaweeds, soft corals, sponges and sediment collected at Nha Trang Bay, Vietnam. In preliminary experiments, the crude extracts of these fungal isolates with ethyl acetate were screened for their antimicrobial activity against the human microbial pathogens including Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19111, Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by the disc diffusion method. Among the 100 isolates, 59 strains exhibited antimicrobial activity against at least two tested pathogens, that 57% against S. aureus, 50% against L. monocytogenes, 49% against B. cereus, 45% against S. faecalis, 7% against E. coli, 5% against C. albicans, and only 2% against P. aeruginosa. The present study has revealed the presence of high numbers of marine fungi from Nha Trang waters having antimicrobial properties and they need to be investigated further for natural bioactive products.
Identification of fish species in some processing products using molecular markers
Authors: Thúy Hà Trần Thị , Hương Nguyễn Thị , Hương Dịu Nguyễn Thị , Hưng Nguyễn Phúc
Published: July 2020

This study was carried out to identify accurately fish species in the processed fish products by using molecular markers. The nucleotide sequences of the Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I gene (COI) of 20 samples from 10 different processed fish products collected in some supermarkets in Hanoi (Big C Long Bien and Aeon Mall Long Bien) were analyzed. The sequences of COI gen were compared to the published data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and The Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) in order to determine the similarity. Results showed that there were only forty percents of the total samples with the scientific names matched the names on the packed products. The matched names of fish species between scientific names and packed products at the supermarkets were Salmon Oncorhynchus mykiss, Blue shark Prionace glauca and Tra Pangasius hypophthalmus. Meanwhile, sixty percents of the total samples were identified as mislabeled products. Most of these mislabeled products were found in the products of family Pangasius, from species Pangasius hypophthalmus into species Pangasius bocourti. Although no commercial frauds were found in this study since the price of fish species Pangasius hypophthalmus was cheaper than that of fish species Pangasius bocourti, the correct scientific names of fish species should be labelled for the processed products in order to protect the consumers. The present study also showed that the DNA extraction using a kit Dneasy mericon Food of Qiagen (Germany) and the PCR reaction using Fish and MAB primers were suitable for species identification of processed fish products.
IDENTIFICATION OF Q2933P MUTATION IN FAT1 GENE IN A PATIENT WITH INTECLLECTUAL DISABILITY FROM DIOXIN VICTIM’S VIETNAM FAMILY
Authors: Thanh Ngan Nguyen Thi , Kim Lien Nguyen Thi , Hien Nguyen Thu , Lan Nguyen Ngoc , Tung Nguyen Van , Kim Dung Le Thi , Hien Nguyen Thi , Ton Nguyen Dang , Hoang Nguyen Huy , Hai Nong Van
Published: July 2020

Dioxins are a group of chemicals known as highly toxic environmental persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Numerous dioxin-like compounds have been identified, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated/polybrominated biphenyls (PCBs/PBBs), and 1,4-dioxin.  The singular term dioxin refers to the most toxic compound, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD). Dioxin pollution caused by chemical warfare has been causing serious consequences to the ecological environment and especially to the health of Vietnamese people. In particular, dioxin was demonstrated to be the cause of many diseases, including diseases related to the nervous system of which intellectual disability is one of the 17 diseases have been recognized by Vietnam. Deformities, birth defects, intellectual disability have been detected in F1 and F2 generations of the exposed victims. Dioxin may cause changes in the whole genome / genome expression (exome), or the structure and function of the gene that leads to pathogenesis in the exposed people and the genetic changes can be passed on to the next generations. In the present study, the Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) method was used to analyze and identify genetic variants related to the intellectual disability in a dioxin exposed victim’s family in Vietnam. The screening results revealed that a Gln2933Pro heterozygous mutant in the FAT1 (Fat atypical cadherin 1) gene of the patient was inherited from the patient’s father whose high blood concentration of dioxin, as well as illustrated the changes in the protein structure. In addition to the important scientific implications, this result might be essential for providing counseling for families who are the dioxin victims.
CALLUS INDUCTION FROM BRANCHES OF KAPPAPHYCUS STRIATUS UNDER DIFFERENT CULTURE CONDITIONS
Authors: Mo Vu Thi , Huynh Tran Van , Nghia Le Trong , Tung Hoang Thanh , Lam Nguyen Ngoc , Nhut Duong Tan
Published: July 2020

Kappaphycus striatus is growing in some central coastal provinces as a source of carrageenan extract. It is mainly propagated in the form of vegetative reproduction and sporulation. However, this method still has some limitations. At present, there is no report on the micropropagation of this species through callus induction. In this study, effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) (Naphthalene acetic acid [NAA] and 6-bezyl amino purine [BAP]), intensity of light and concentration of agar on callus induction derived from branches of Kappaphycus striatus maintaned in laboratory for 1 month were tested. After 2 month culture, the results showed that branches of Kappaphycus striatus cultured on PES (Provasoli enriched seawater) medium (without PGRs) gave the best callus induction rate (75.7%) and survival rate (77.3%) compared to those on PES medium supplemented PGRs. The optimal conditions for callus induction were PES solidified medium supplemented with 1.5 – 2.0% agar in 5 µmol.m-2.s-1 of light intensities. Callus induction rates (66.7% – 67%), survival rate (63.7% – 64.3%) of explants from branches incubating on PES medium with 1.5 – 2.0% agar were higher than differrent agar concentrations. Callus induction rates (67%), survival rate (77.7%) of explants from branches incubating on PES medium under 5 µmol.m-2.s-1 were higher than differrent light intensities. The results showed that there were three different types of calluses observed namely white filamentous callus, brown filamentous callus and compact callus. These calli that were big and had filamentous type, will be a good material for the next production stage of embryonic callus production and seedling regeneration from micropropagules.
OPTIMIZED EXTRACTION AND IMMUNOSTIMULATORY EFFECTS OF POLYSACCHARIDES FROM PSEUDERANTHEMUM PALATIFERUM (NEES) RADLK
Authors: Bac Vo Hoai , Van Anh Tran Thi , Mai Phuong Nguyen Thi , Thanh Huong Nguyen Thi , Truong Le Van
Published: July 2020

Pseuderanthemum palatiferum (Ness) Radlk is a tree native of Vietnam with various use in traditional medicine. It has been used for the treatment of many diseases including wound, colitis, stomach-aches, trauma, high blood pressure, nephritis, diarrhoea. However, the research on effective constituents from P. palatiferum has mainly been focused on small-molecular compounds. Some compounds: flavonoids, phytol, palmitic acid, ß-sitosterol, triterpenoid saponin, stigmasterol and salicylic acid have been detected in leaves. Polysaccharides have attracted great attentions for its benefits to human health. Polysaccharides from natural sources have diverse anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and wound healing activities. In this study, we extracted and determined the polysaccharide content from the leaves of P. palatiferum plant. The polysaccharide content in P. palatiferum leaves was 8.2% (± 0.65) in dry weight. The appropriate polysaccharide extraction conditions were determined as: 25% ethanol, material/solvent ratio (1g/10ml), extracted temperature of 70°C, extraction time 12 hours. The polysaccharide composition was purified by TCA 10%, with a purity of 77.8% (± 1.19). The immunostimulatory activities of polysaccharide XH were also examined in cyclophosphamide (CY)-induced immunosuppressed mice. Mice treated with polysaccharide XH exhibited increased white blood cell counts (p < 0.05) compared with immunosuppressed mice. These results indicate that polysaccharide XH from P. palatiferum can enhance immune function in CY-induced immunosuppressed mice.
DESIGNING AND CLONING NA GENE OF INFLUENZA A/H5N1 VIRUS INTO pHW2000 VECTOR FOR PREPARATION OF A CANDIDATE VACCINE MASTERSEED STRAIN
Authors: Thu Hang Nguyen Thi , Thu Hang Hoang Thi , Chi Nguyen Hung , Trang Vu Huyen , Ha Chu Hoang , Nam Nguyen Trung
Published: July 2020

The influenza A/H5N1 virus is an RNA virus belonging to the family of Orthomyxoviridae. The highly pathogenic influenza A/H5N1 virus exhibit the ability to cause high mortality in poultry and infect humans. Technology for vaccine seed strain production of influenza A virus using reverse genetics requires the creation of recombinant vectors carrying viral genomic segments. To create recombinant pHW2000 vectors containing the neuraminidase (NA) gene segment encoding an important surface antigen of influenza A virus, two N1 NA gene structures were designed based on the NA gene sequences of two subtypes of highly pathogenic influenza A/H5N1 clade (clade 1.1 and clade 2.3.2.1c) and then inserted into pHW2000 vector. These two clades of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses that are still circulating in Vietnam, with antigen homology and genetic relationships to many strains of influenza A viruses, have been suggested to be used for producing vaccines against emerging avian influenza A/H5N1 virus. Each NA gene construct consists of 1453 nucleotides in which two ends of the gene are two non-coding regions (46 nucleotides and 57 nucleotides) containing primer binding site and cleavage site of BsaI. In the middle of each NA gene is one region of 1350 nucleotides encoding 449 amino acids, ensuring catalytic function and antigenicity of NA protein. Two NA segments corresponding to the two clades of influenza A viruses were successfully cloned into pHW2000 vectors for the generation of two recombinant vectors pHW2000-NA clade 1.1 and pHW2000-NA clade 2.3.2.1c. These recombinant vectors will be used for production of candidate avian influenza vaccine strains using reverse genetics technique.
CHARACTERIZATION OF LIPASE IMMOBILIZED ONTO CARRIER CHITOSAN-Fe3O4 BY THE COVALENT COUPLING METHOD
Authors: Dong Bui Xuan , My Pham Thi , Anh Thi Huynh Van
Published: July 2020

Enzymes are catalysts for biochemical reactions in the cell's metabolism. Enzymes are highly specific in their action on substrates. Lipase (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase) is an unique enzyme which can catalyze various types of reactions such as hydrolysis, esterification, alcoholysis… In recent days, studying and applying immobilized lipase in catalyzing transesterification of biodiesel production has been receiving much attention. The increased demand for biodiesel and the difficulties in obtaining enough quantities of raw materials for its production are stimulating the search for alternative feedstocks. Among the various possibilities, the utilization of residual fatty materials, in particular oils and animal fat residues from the meat and fish processing industries, are increasingly seen as viable options for biodiesel production. This paper presents the results of producing fixed lipase enzyme on microparticle chitosan-Fe3O4. Microparticle is a complex of nano particles Fe3O4 being absorbed on chitosan so it has magnetic property. Enzyme links to microparticle through an intermediate bridge – glutaraldehyde. Free enzyme which is used to fix is commercical lipase enzyme of Sigma (Germany) being extracted from pancreas of pig. Under the optimum conditions (pH 6, 40oC), after 3 hours reaction, immoblized enzyme activity measured 185 IU/mg and the productivity of attaching lipase to the carrier ratio was 75.1%. With immobilized lipase, the result of testing the biodiesel synthesized by lipid from wastewater of the surimi fish fillets manufacturing. The fuel properties of the biodiesel were further analyzed. The characterizations of the produced biodiesel showed that it met Vietnam standart (TCVN 7717:2007). Also discussed are the questions related to the viability of using this type of feedstocks in biodiesel production.
Comparison of bacterial community structures in digestive tract between healthy and disease whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Soc Trang, Vietnam
Authors: Thanh Tran Trung , Bott Nathan , Duc Le Hoang , Oanh Dang Thi Hoang , Nam Nguyen Trung , Ha Chu Hoang
Published: July 2020

Gut bacteria comprise a complex bacterial community related to many functions in a host. The stability of gut bacteria plays important models in the health and immunology of a host. Many studies on intestine bacteria constructed via cultivation and Denaturation Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DDGE) methods have proved a limited efficiency. In order to tackle these drawbacks, the next generation sequencing method was developed on 16S-rRNA-based sequences (Metabarcoding). The composition of bacterial communities was revealed based on the analysis of 16S rRNA sequences of intestine bacteria in Litopenaeus vannamei ponds in comparison with microbial communities in a Penaeus monodon pond and a muscle of shrimp. These results showed that the dominant phyla of intestine bacteria in Litopenaeus vannamei were Proteobacteria (49.3–57.4%), Firmicutes (15.6–34.4%) and Bacteroidetes (0.1–16.9%). Rhizobium(0.4%-26.1%), Vibrio(0–23.9%) and Spongiimonas(0–16,7%) were dominant genera in Litopenaeus vannamei gut. A higher proportion of Fusobacterium (10%), a shrimp pathogen group, was found in a disease shrimp pond (ST4) in comparison with a low growth shrimp pond (ST3) (0%) and a healthy shrimp pond (ST1) (0.6%). Vibrio was marked as shrimp pathogen genus accounted for 22.3% of total genera in ST4 in comparison with 2.4% in ST3 and 3.5% in ST1. Interestingly, a higher percentage of Vibrio rotiferianus (7.98%) was found in ST4 compared to ST3 (1%) and ST1 (0%). Fusobacterium and Vibrio will be the objects for the next experiments to discover shrimp pathogens specifically.
Shoot multiplication via elongated stem node culture under darkness: a novel method in micropropagation of Paphiopedilum villosum
Authors: Huy Nguyen Phuc , Tinh Dang Thi , Luan Vu Quoc , Tung Hoang Thanh , Hien Vu Thi , Nhut Duong Tan
Published: July 2020

Paphiopedilum villosum is a beautiful orchid species and has high value in trade; however, this is one of the most difficult to propagate orchids. So far, there has been very little publication on micropropagation. In this study, the effects of plant growth regulators on shoot regeneration from stem node culture of elongated P. villosum shoots in the darkness were investigated. Shoots (1.5 cm) were elongated and produced individual stem nodes under darkness condition for 3 months. Stem nodes were cultured on SH medium and supplemented with individually BA, KIN or TDZ to investigate shoot regeneration. The shoot multiplication rate was also recorded in this study. The highest stem node was observed in the dark with 5.25 cm in the height and the number of stem nodes were 3 stem nodes/shoot. The isolated stem node was cultured on SH medium supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose, 8 g/L agar, 1 g/L charcoal and different concentrations of BA, KIN, TDZ. The results observed after 3 months showed that the best shoot regeneration rate (85%) and highest shoot multiplication coefficient (6.6 shoots/stem node) was obtained when shoots derived from stem node were cultured on SH medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L TDZ, 30 g/L sucrose, 8 g/L agar and 1 g/L charcoal. Those shoots obtained in the above treatments were subcultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.3 mg/L NAA for rooting and gave the highest number of roots (6.6 roots/shoot) after 1 month; and these plantlets were acclimatized in Taiwan sphagnum moss and transferred into greenhouse with the best survival rate (100%) after 3 months.
The influence of some factors on the production of alcohol whisky by Saccharomyces cerevisiae MS42 from barley malt
Authors: Quyen Nguyen Van , Thao Nguyen Quang , Anh Nguyen Thao , Dat Nguyen Thanh
Published: July 2020

Fermented wine is a complex process including many chain reactions to convert sugar into alcohol, CO2, the byproduct and energy. Fermentation processes and product quality depend on the fermentation conditions. The objective of this study is to find the a good condition for effective fermentation to produce good quality distillation and less toxins and impurities. Currently, the production technology of wine or beer in the world and in Vietnam is diverse, there are many different techniques to optimize production in order to create optimal products. Each technology depends on the scale of production, climatic characteristics, materials, strains used in fermentation,.... On this topic we focus on some basic factors affect on fermentation alcohol use barley malt, yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae MS42 include: pH, temperature, concentration SO2 in the fluid of fermentation, the yeast cell count to the initial seed, sugar, kinetics of fermentation alcohol barley malt on the medium. The creteria for selection of optimal factors is based on the production of alcohol, toxic compounds, contaminants, cell biomass. The products produced sensory board for evaluation, combined analysis of chromatography on toxin components and impurities according to standard TCVN 7043: 2013. Carry out the fermentation experiments in 1000ml of fluid to determine optimal conditions, then perform experimental fermentation under the conditions of industrial production on a 500 liter scale. The optimal conditions for barley malt fermentaion by S. cerevisiae MS42 was: medium pH= 4.5-5.0; To= 25-30oC; K2S2O5: 0.2 - 0.3 (g/l); the starting seed: 7-10%; sugar content: 140 – 160 g/l; fermentation time for 132 to 138 hours.
Determination of antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolated from pork, beef, and chicken meat at the retail markets in Hanoi
Authors: Viet Nguyen Thanh , Minh Nghiem Ngoc , Bich Thuy Vo Thi
Published: July 2020

Salmonella resistance to antimicrobials is a major health problem in the world. Thus, we conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of Salmonella serovars isolates from retail meats in Ha Noi and their susceptibility to 8 antimicrobials commonly used in the treatment and growth promotion in domestic livestocks in Vietnam. Salmonella was detected in 25/90 (27.8%) samples. Nine different serovars were identified, including S. Typhimurium (44%), S. Derby (16%), S. Warragul, S. Indiana, S. Rissen (8%), and S. London, Meleagridis, Give, Assine (4%). S. Typhimurium (44 %) is the most prevalent types. Resistance to at least one antibiotic was showed in 13 strains (52%). All isolates were 44% (11/25) resistant to streptomycin and tetracycline, 32% (8/25) resistant to chloramphenicol. The multiple antimicrobial resistance accounted for 69.2% of isolates (9/13). All strains were susceptible to ceftazidime. This data indicated that the retail meats could constitute a source of human exposure to multidrug-resistant Salmonella and therefore could be considered a potential vehicle of resistant Salmonella foodborne diseases. There is an urgent need for surveillance and control programmes on Salmonella and use of antimicrobials in Vietnam to protect the health of consumers.
BirdPix - report on the photographic atlas of the birds of Nigeria, 2012 – 2019
Authors: Ringim Abubakar S
Published: July 2020

This paper describes progress with the atlas of birds of Nigeria, from 7 March 2012 to 15 December 2019. The database of the project contained 658 records of 246 species submitted to the BirdPix section of the Virtual Museum. The BirdPix section of the Virtual Museum was launched in 2012 and is a supplementary data capture project for the African Bird Atlas. Over this period, for Nigeria, twelve citizen scientists contributed records to BirdPix. The most frequently recorded species were Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis (769 records across its range,  with 12in Nigeria, from 12 grid cells), and Northern Red Bishop Euplectes franciscanus (30 records across the range, and recorded in 11 grid cells in Nigeria). At least two photographs of species range extensions had been submitted. This paper highlights the role of citizen science in biodiversity conservation and provides up-to-date information on the species distribution maps and lists of bird species recorded in the grid cells. Without a doubt, the BirdPix database will only be comprehensive if it contains the entire knowledge base of the species occurring within each grid cell. Data generated in the BirdPix project can be used for monitoring and modelling changes in species distributions over time. Increased awareness of the concept of citizen science and increased volunteer recruitment should be top priorities.
Analisis Kesalahan Matematis Mahasiswa Teknik Sipil pada Mata Kuliah Kalkulus II
Authors: Zukhrufurrohmah Zukhrufurrohmah , Kusumawardana Adi Slamet
Published: July 2020

This research’s purpose is to describe the mathematical errors of civil engineer college students in subject Calculus II. The research’s method uses a qualitative approach that are reducing data, serving data, and conclude. Based on the research, it found that the major error to solve the problems of Calculus II is manipulating algebra form. The error of calculating is the second one after the error of manipulating algebra form. The researcher also finds that even the college students choose the right formula to solve the problems, they make an error in implementing the formula that they were chosen.
Etnomatematika: Eksplorasi Budaya Sasak sebagai Sumber Belajar Matematika Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Fauzi Asri , Rahmatih Aisa Nikmah , Sobri Muhammad , Radiusman Radiusman , Widodo Arif
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research is to describe the results of the exploration of ethnomathematics of Sasak culture that can be used as a source of learning mathematics. This type of research is exploratory qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. This research focuses on buildings, crafts, arts, and traditional snacks. The research instrument is the researcher himself. While the method of data collection by interview, field studies, and documentation. Data analysis techniques with triangulation are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that Sasak cultural products can be used as a source of learning mathematics, especially on the elements of geometry including rectangles, triangles, trapezoid, circles, rhombus, laying-kites, cones, cylinders, and pyramid. Learning resources derived from Sasak culture, if properly utilized, will create meaningful mathematics learning for students.
Profil Kompleksitas Soal Matematika Siswa Visualizer dan Verbalizer dalam Post Solution Problem-Posing
Authors: Novianti Anisha Wahyuni , Sadieda Lisanul Uswah , Suparto Suparto
Published: July 2020

This research aimed to describe the question complexity of the visualizer and verbalizer students in problem posing. The question complexity on problem posing is the complexity of the questions made by students by paying attention to some aspects, which are language variable, question complexity level, and students' creativity thinking level. This is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The subjects were two visualizer students and two verbalizer students from 11th grade of Al Falah Senior High School. Data collecting techniques are tests and interviews. Test and interview data were analyzed descriptively. In the final result, question complexity of the visualizer students tend on the language variable level is second (low), question complexity is easy, and the creative thinking level is third (creative). Whereas the verbalizer students tend on the language variable level is fourth (high), question complexity is high, and the creative thinking level is fourth (extremely creative).
Pore pressure when compacting two-phase soil
Authors: Agakhanov Elefhan , Agakhanov Murad
Published: July 2020

In modern conditions, in relation to the total amount of accumulated professional knowledge, the volume of active information resources increases, and construction practice is constantly enriched with new experimentally-theoretically based accurate knowledge. Therefore, various programs are widely used when solving problems in ground bases. Despite the fact that modern numerical methods allow solving problems of any complexity, it should be noted that experimental and analytical methods are still relevant, and it is an effective combination of methods that leads to the development of mechanics, an organic combination of experimental research methods with the enormous computational capabilities of modern supercomputers.
Methods for modeling the action of bulk forces are widely used in problems of deformable solid mechanics. Many known solutions have limitations and are given for special cases. The authors present the theoretical foundations of the elastic analogy method for modeling the effect of pore pressure on the soil. When posing the question, the following assumption is made that the liquid filling the pores of the soil does not perceive shear deformation. Tangential stresses that occur in the ground are only perceived by the ground skeleton. The water that fills the pores does not resist tangential stresses. In this case, the deformation of the soil skeleton from the action of hydrostatic water pressure, respectively, is a volumetric deformation. In this case, the components of the ball stress tensor are equal to the pore pressure.
The article considers the use of the theory of volume forces in modeling the effect of pore pressure in the process of compaction of two-phase soil. In this case, we consider a one-dimensional problem for the case of deformation (compaction) of a two-phase soil layer thickness under the action of a distributed load of constant intensity. We believe that the consolidated layer lies on a rocky undeformable base.
The authors consider various drainage conditions for the surfaces of the consolidated layer.
Expressions are given for determining stresses and precipitation with creep, for the instantaneous stress-strain state and the final stress-strain state.
Uniform fiber distribution in cold asphalt mixtures with viscous microdispersed bitumen
Authors: Andronov Sergey , Alferov Viktor , Kochetkov Andrey , Vasiliev Yuri
Published: July 2020

. In this article, the authors have solved the applied problem of uniform distribution of fiber fibers in cold asphalt concrete mix. The principal possibility of uniform distribution of reinforcing elements in the form of short fibers of basalt and polyacrylonitrile fibers in the volume of reinforced asphalt materials based on microdispersed bitumens has been established. The technology of introducing fiber into mixtures-semi-finished asphalt materials based on microdispersed bitumens has been developed. At an asphalt concrete plant, a suspension ("solution") of basalt fiber or fiber from polyacrylonitrile fibers of the required concentration is prepared in a water supply container.
The most appropriate way to mix water with fiber in the flow container is bubbling with compressed air using a compressor, which is the standard equipment of an asphalt concrete plant.
Any dispersed-reinforced asphalt materials based on microdispersed bitumen can be prepared using a fiber "solution".
Bituminous suspension in conditions that exclude water evaporation (in sealed containers), as a result of spontaneous processes, tends to a stable aggregate state. The most stable aggregate state of the bituminous suspension is plastic. In the process of preparing a bituminous suspension, it is necessary to ensure that it is obtained in a plastic state (similar to plasticine). In the plastic state, the mixture will not delaminate not only during storage, but also during transportation.
BIBFRAME y el futuro de la descripción, vinculación y recuperación de los recursos de información
Authors: ÁVILA-BARRIENTOS Eder
Published: July 2020

Resumen El propósito de este trabajo es analizar los avances de la implementación de Bibliographic Framework, BIBFRAME, en el ambiente de las bibliotecas, para identificar las tendencias futuras de la descripción, vinculación y recuperación de los recursos de información. Las complejas demandas de los usuarios de las bibliotecas han motivado la aparición de sofisticados métodos para la descripción de los nuevos recursos de información, los cuales proponen sugerentes cambios en la manera de recuperar dichos recursos, pues el modelo de datos vinculados en el que se fundamenta BIBFRAME pone de manifiesto el análisis de las relaciones que se establecen entre los datos de un determinado dominio de información documental. La sistematización de los datos de la biblioteca y su transformación en datos vinculados supone la generación de interfaces de búsqueda y recuperación altamente intuitivas y gráficamente atractivas para el usuario final. Así, el progreso de la implementación de BIBFRAME en los sistemas de información bibliotecarios dependerá de su capacidad y flexibilidad para estructurar los millones de registros Machine-Readable Cataloging que están disponibles en las bibliotecas a nivel mundial; además, se vislumbra el ambicioso objetivo de alcanzar la interoperabilidad universal entre los diferentes sistemas de información que están presentes en la Web.
Allergy & prehistory in Spanish written press
Authors: CUÉLLAR Macarena Parejo , PENA Daniel Martín , MORENO Agustín Vivas
Published: July 2020

Abstract News about science should never be treated as trivial matters. This article focuses on the topics of allergies and prehistory to analyze and compare the presence of these two areas in the Spanish written press. We performed documentary analysis of 141 news items and 150 units of analysis. We have also developed our own methodology. In this sense, the tool is divided into two blocks: the first part collects general data about the written media and the second assesses the excellence of the text and the information. Our work confirms the scarcity of information on both topics, their low media relevance, and a lack of any remarkable journalistic focus in terms of originality and creativity. In particular, we looked for items in the printed versions of the dailies El Mundo, La Vanguardia, La Razón, El País, and El ABC, ranked as the most widely read newspapers in the different editions of the Spanish General Media Report in 2018.