bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphometric frequency and spectrum of gamma-ray-induced chlorophyll mutants identified by phenotype and development of novel variants in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)
Authors: Pramanik Biswajit , Debnath Sandip , Rahimi Mehdi , Helal Md. Mostofa Uddin , Hasan Rakibul
Published: June 2023

Genetic variations are a crucial source of germplasm heterogeneity, as they contribute to the development of new traits for plant breeding by offering an allele resource. Gamma rays have been widely used as a physical agent to produce mutations in plants, and their mutagenic effect has attracted much attention. Nonetheless, few studies have examined the whole mutation spectrum in large-scale phenotypic evaluations. To comprehensively investigate the mutagenic effects of gamma irradiation on lentils, biological consequences on the M1 generation and substantial phenotypic screening on the M2 generation were undertaken. Additionally, the study followed the selected mutants into the M3 generation to evaluate the agronomic traits of interest for crop improvement. Seeds of lentil variety Moitree were irradiated with a range of acute gamma irradiation doses (0, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 Gy) to induce unique genetic variability. This research focused on determining the GR50 value while considering seedling parameters and examining the status of pollen fertility while comparing the effects of the gamma irradiation dosages. The GR50 value was determined to be 217.2 Gy using the seedling parameters. Pollens from untreated seed-grown plants were approximately 85% fertile, but those treated with the maximum dosage (350 Gy) were approximately 28% fertile. Numerous chlorophyll and morphological mutants were produced in the M2 generation, with the 300 Gy -treated seeds being the most abundant, followed by the 250 Gy -treated seeds. This demonstrated that an appropriate dosage of gamma rays was advantageous when seeking to generate elite germplasm resources for one or multiple traits. Selected mutants in the M3 generation showed improved agronomic traits, including plant height, root length, number of pods per plant, and yield per plant. These investigations will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the mutagenic effects and actions of gamma rays, providing a basis for the selection and design of suitable mutagens. This will facilitate the development of more controlled mutagenesis protocols for plant breeding and help guide future research directions for crop improvement using radiation-induced mutation breeding techniques.
Childhood adversities and rate of adulthood all-cause hospitalization in the general population: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bhattarai Asmita , Dimitropoulos Gina , Bulloch Andrew G. M. , Tough Suzanne C. , Patten Scott B.
Published: June 2023

Objective

The study examined the association between specific childhood adversities and rate of all-cause hospitalization in adulthood in a large sample of the general population and assessed whether adult socioeconomic and health-related factors mediate those associations.

Methods

We used linked data available from Statistics Canada i.e., the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS-2005) linked to Discharge Abstract Database (DAD 2005–2017) and Canadian Vital Statistics Database (CVSD 2005–2017). CCHS-2005 measured self-reported exposure to childhood adversities, namely prolonged hospitalization, parental divorce, parental unemployment, prolonged trauma, parental substance use, physical abuse, and being sent away from home for wrongdoing, from a sample of household residents aged 18 years and above (n = 11,340). The number and causes of hospitalization were derived from linkage with DAD. Negative binomial regression was used to characterize the association between childhood adversities and the rate of hospitalization and to identify potential mediators between them.

Results

During the 12-year follow-up, 37,080 hospitalizations occurred among the respondents, and there were 2,030 deaths. Exposure to at least one childhood adversity and specific adversities (except parental divorce) were significantly associated with the hospitalization rate among people below 65 years. The associations (except for physical abuse) were attenuated when adjusted for one or more of the adulthood factors such as depression, restriction of activity, smoking, chronic conditions, poor perceived health, obesity, unmet health care needs, poor education, and unemployment, observations that are consistent with mediation effects. The associations were not significant among those aged 65 and above.

Conclusion

Childhood adversities significantly increased the rate of hospitalization in young and middle adulthood, and the effect was potentially mediated by adulthood socioeconomic status and health and health care access related factors. Health care overutilization may be reduced through primary prevention of childhood adversities and intervention on those potentially mediating pathways such as improving adulthood socioeconomic circumstances and lifestyle modifications.
Analysis of clozapine-induced seizures using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database
Authors: Hatano Masakazu , Yamada Kaho , Matsuzaki Haruna , Yokoi Rina , Saito Takeo , Yamada Shigeki
Published: June 2023

Among antipsychotics, clozapine is associated with a high risk of seizures. This study aimed to generate novel hypotheses regarding trends in the onset of clozapine-induced seizures using the JADER (Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report) database. Seizures were defined according to the Standardized MedDRA Queries (SMQ) for convulsions (SMQ20000079). Trends in the onset of clozapine-induced seizures were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis with covariates of sex, age, clozapine dose, antipsychotic polypharmacy, concomitant medications, and history of convulsive disorder. In addition, we assessed the time-to-onset of clozapine-induced seizures using the median time, interquartile range, and Weibull shape parameter. The JADER database registered 2,745 cases of adverse events with clozapine, and 1,784 cases were included in the analysis after excluding cases for which clinical information was not available. Medium (200–400 mg) and high (> 400 mg) doses of clozapine had a significantly higher reporting rate of seizures than low doses (< 200 mg) (adjusted reporting odds ratio [aROR] = 3.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.86–4.99 and aROR = 9.81, 95% CI: 6.06–15.89, respectively). Younger age, antipsychotic polypharmacy, and concomitant use of lithium were also significantly associated with reports of seizures. The time-to-onset analysis of 222 cases of clozapine-induced seizures showed that the median time was 134 (interquartile range, 72–295) days. The 95% CI of the WSP β-value for clozapine-induced seizures included 1 and was classified as a random failure type. In conclusion, the results suggest that clozapine-induced seizures are dose-dependent adverse events that should be monitored with consideration of the effects of age and concomitant medications. Further epidemiological research is needed to strengthen and validate our hypotheses.
Are there any young people out there? Spanish public broadcaster in search of new audiences
Authors: Eguzkitza Gaizka , Guimerà Josep Àngel , Casado Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2023

Public broadcasting media are facing the need to reconnect with the younger audience, who are moving away from traditional TV consumption in favour of over-the-top (OTT) content. In the case of public media, this is happening in a context that involves the need for revalidation and the necessity to face the worldwide services challenge imposed by the strong specialization of OTTs. In Spain, political instrumentalization and financial problems are adding pressure to the chronically fragile media. This article addresses the strategies of public broadcasters in reconnecting with younger audiences. It focuses on the online offering of Playz directed at the youth market. Using a case analysis research strategy, the results show the absence of a clear strategy for Playz. The findings also indicate the lack of a clear definition of public service goals, although the content is consistent with Public Service Media (PSM) expectations.
Literatura e Outras Artes em Dialogo: Contributos para uma Didática Transversal
Authors: Machado Ana Maria
Published: June 2023

A relação entre a literatura e as outras artes favorece a inteligibilidade do texto literário, do seu contexto cultural e da sensibilidade estética dominante na sua época. Dependendo da circunstância, este enfoque holístico pode privilegiar abordagens periodológicas, estilísticas, estéticas, processos de transcodificação, fusões interartísticas ou intermediais, reconfigurações diacrónicas de um tema ou motivo ou fenómenos transmediais. A atenção que tanto as Aprendizagens essenciais (2018) da disciplina de Português quanto o Perfil do aluno à saída da escolaridade obrigatória (2017) prestam à sensibilidade estética e artística, uma das dez competências a desenvolver, exige uma aturada reflexão sobre as práticas letivas e sobre o domínio emergente dos estudos interartes e intermediais. Literatura e outras artes em diálogo visa contribuir para uma sensibilização do professor-investigador para um diálogo mais consistente e fecundo entre os diferentes domínios artísticos.
Luis Buñuel, poeta de vanguardia: realidad literaria y (re)construcción historiográfica
Authors: Martín Barrachina Antonio
Published: June 2023

La temprana voluntad de ser escritor que tuvo Luis Buñuel dejó una interesante producción literaria que, desde su triunfo como cineasta, fue quedando progresivamente olvidada. Este artículo, al cumplirse un siglo de su primer escrito, examina la realidad literaria y la (re)construcción de su figura como poeta de vanguardia. En primer lugar se inscribe la poesía en sus coordenadas, apuntando sus horizontes inmediatos y repasando el proyecto de publicación de Polismos. A continuación, se lleva a cabo una revisión historiográfica de la recuperación del poeta Luis Buñuel y de su obra hasta 2023, que evidencia que la reconstrucción de su faceta literaria ha comportado también, dialécticamente, tener que construirla.
El maltrato intragénero y transgénero en la escena española de las últimas décadas
Authors: García-Pascual Raquel
Published: June 2023

Un balance derivado de la consulta de varias fuentes especializadas pone de manifiesto un incremento paulatino de los estudios referidos a la violencia en las relaciones intragénero, si bien todavía estamos ante acercamientos puntuales y localizados en territorios concretos, ya que, en su mayoría, las monografías de referencia se deben a especialistas anglosajones –concretamente estadounidenses– y están centradas en investigar la prevalencia del fenómeno y las variables psicosociales influyentes en la LGTBfobia. En lo que atañe a los países hispanohablantes, son escasos los ensayos publicados sobre el maltrato específico en las relaciones LGTBI, sin desmerecer la encomiable labor de quienes han proporcionado claves sustanciales para interpretar el maltrato en este ámbito. En el contexto español, llama la atención que no existan estadísticas oficiales sobre esta lacra y que solo un grupo reducido de trabajos proporcione datos sobre la victimización de este colectivo. Diferente es la esfera de la industria cultural, en la que las agresiones intra y transgénero se hacen visibles en numerosos montajes. Este ensayo ofrece un comentario de una selección de obras teatrales que se consideran emblemáticas del compromiso con la denuncia de la violencia ejercida en parejas en las que uno de sus miembros es gay, lesbiana, bisexual, trans o no binario, un aspecto insuficientemente estudiado en la escena española contemporánea. En las últimas décadas apreciamos una mayor concentración de montajes sobre esta temática en las tablas españolas, pero quedan fuera de nuestra observación espectáculos que responden a prejuicios o caen en el cliché. Las escogidas son piezas que argumentan que la relación mantenida por personas del mismo sexo o por personas trans es equiparable a la que se establece en las uniones heterosexuales. Por lo tanto, entienden que el concepto de víctima de malos tratos por razón de género no puede ser solo aplicable a una mujer, sino a toda persona sometida a un rol de subordinación en la pareja según una estereotipia de género patriarcal. De base opera el convencimiento de que es posible integrar en el mismo corpus «la violencia de género», la «violencia intragénero» y la «violencia transgénero».
Reseña del libro: Eva María Flores Ruiz y Fernando Durán López (eds.) (2022), Almas perdidas. Crápula, disipación y vida nocturna en las letras españolas (siglos XIX y XX)
Authors: Guerra Gallardo Miguel
Published: June 2023

Reseña del libro: Eva María Flores Ruíz y Fernando Durán López (eds.): Almas perdidas. Crápula, disipación y vida nocturna en las letras españolas (siglos XIX y XX). Publicacions de la Universitat d’Alacant, 2022, 290 pp. ISBN 978-84-9717-786-3.
Varied Trainee Competence in Cold Snare Polypectomy: Results of the COMPLETE Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kaltenbach Tonya , Patel Swati G. , Nguyen-Vu Tiffany , Malvar Carmel , Keswani Rajesh N. , Hall Matt , Aagaard Eva , Asokkumar Ravishankar , Chin Yung Ka , Hammad Hazem , Rastogi Amit , Shergill Amandeep , Simon Violette , Soetikno Alan , Soetikno Roy , Wani Sachin
Published: June 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is strongly recommended as the optimal technique for the complete removal of small polyps. Though significant variability in polypectomy technique and quality has been established, the learning curve and impact of targeted training on CSP are unknown. Video feedback has shown promise as an effective pedagogy to improve performance among surgical trainees. We aimed to compare CSP performance between trainees who received video-based feedback and those who received conventional apprentice-based concurrent feedback. We hypothesized that video-based feedback would accelerate competence.

METHODS:

We conducted a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial on competence for CSP of polyps <1 cm, comparing video-based feedback with conventional feedback. We randomly assigned deidentified consecutively recorded CSP videos to blinded raters to assess using the CSP Assessment Tool. We shared cumulative sum learning curves every 25 CSP with each trainee. The video feedback trainees also received biweekly individualized terminal feedback. Control trainees received conventional feedback during colonoscopy. The primary outcome was CSP competence. We also assessed competence across domains and change over polypectomy volume.

RESULTS:

We enrolled and randomized 22 trainees, 12 to video-based feedback and 10 to conventional feedback, and evaluated 2,339 CSP. The learning curve was long; 2 trainees (16.7%) in the video feedback achieved competence, after a mean of 135 polyps, and no one in the control (P = 0.481) achieved competence. Overall and in all steps of CSP, a higher percentage of the video feedback group met competence, increasing 3% every 20 CSP (P = 0.0004).

DISCUSSION:

Video feedback aided trainees to competence in CSP. However, the learning curve was long. Our findings strongly suggest that current training methods are not sufficient to support trainees to competency by the completion of their fellowship programs. The impact of new training methods, such as simulation-based mastery learning, should be assessed to determine whether such methods can result in achievement of competence at a faster rate; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03115008.
The House Freedom Caucus, Kevin McCarthy’s Race for Speaker, and the Fate of Rules Reform in the 118th Congress
Authors: Baer Emily
Published: June 2023

For the first time in one hundred years, the 118th Congress began with a prolonged Speaker’s race that required fifteen ballots to elect a Speaker. The contentious Republican debate displayed a level of personal animosity between a faction – the House Freedom Caucus (HFC) – and the majority party’s chosen leader – Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-CA) – but it also revealed a series of significant divisions within the majority party over policy, and legislative norms and practices. How do different strategies shape the capacity of factions to spur formal changes to legislative institutions? How do party leaders respond to the demands of factions that raise issues threatening to party unity and their own leadership position? In this article, I analyze the composition of defectors in the Speaker’s race, the status of their rule and procedural reform agenda, and the response by McCarthy, including to committee assignments and early use of restrictive rules in the 118th Congress. I conclude with a discussion of the consequences of the HFC strategy for the contemporary U.S. House, and an emerging need to expand theories of institutional change to better integrate the behavior of both party leaders and factions.
Tillage intensity by organic fertilization interaction on sunflower performance and some soil properties
Authors: Janmohammadi Mohsen , Sabaghnia Naser
Published: June 2023

A field trail was performed to study the impacts of soil tillage system and some organic and inorganic fertilizers treatments on sunflower performance and soil characteristics in the semi-arid region across 2015–2016 growing season. The tillage systems were (T1) conventional tillage, and (T2) reduced tillage while the fertilizer treatments were (F1) control, (F2) 20 t ha−1 farmyard manure, (F3) 40 t ha−1 farmyard manure, (F4) 20 t ha−1 farmyard manure plus 50:25:25 kg ha−1 NPK, (F5) 100:50:50 kg ha−1 NPK. The two-way entry (treatment) by tester (trait) biplot tool, described 84 % of the observed variability (68 % and 16 % by the first two principal components, respectively). The which-wins-where pattern, showed six vertex treatment (tillage system × fertilizer type) as: T1-F1 which had the highest values for bulk density; T1-F3 which had the highest values for days to maturity, organic matter and root depth; T1-F5 which had the highest values for soil phosphorus and harvest index; T2-F1 which had the highest values for mean emergence time; T2-F3 which had the highest values for soil potassium and achene yield; and T2-F4 which had the highest values for soil nitrogen. The ideal treatment pattern indicated that T2-F4 was the best treatment combination. We found that the best performance for sunflower achene yield was obtained with using reduced tillage system plus F3 or F4 fertilizer treatments. Finally, application no fertilizer or using only chemical fertilizers could not improve sunflower performance in both tillage systems.
What makes Mormons laugh
Authors: Hale Adrian
Published: June 2023

As a minority in the USA and globally, Mormons (The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saintsis also known as the ‘Mormon Church’, and its members are typically called ‘Mormons’, ‘Latter Day Saints’ or ‘LDS’. This paper uses its preferred abbreviations – ‘the Church’ and ‘Latter-day Saints’) and their distinctive religious doctrines/practices have for 190+ years been publicly ridiculed. Typically, they have responded to mockery with tolerance and, occasionally, good-natured humor of their own (Hale, Adrian. 2021a. Do Mormons think The Book of Mormon is funny?HUMOR34. 659–677, Hale, Adrian. 2021b. Mormon reactions to The Book of Mormon.Comedy Studies12(2). 186–202). However, little is known about Latter-day Saints’ humor, and they have a reputation for being conservative, dour, and pious (Wilson, William A. 1985. The seriousness of Mormon humor.Sunstone10. 6–13). This paper views this situation as regrettable, since humor can function as a great social leveler, and knowing more about minorities’ humor practices can generate social bridges. This paper therefore seeks to overturn some preconceptions by reporting on an exploratory survey (The survey received Institutional and National ethics approval: HREC Approval Number: H14364) of 131 Latter-day Saints across various nations, to find out what makes them laugh. Results indicate that the Latter-day Saints’ sense of humor seems to be, like the membership itself, livelier and more diverse than their reputation might suggest.
The Higman operations and embeddings of recursive groups
Authors: Mikaelian Vahagn H.
Published: June 2023

In the context of Higman embeddings of recursive groups into finitely presented groups, we suggest an approach, termed the 𝐻-machine, which for certain wide classes of groups allows constructive Higman embeddings of recursive groups into finitely presented groups.
The approach is based on Higman operations, and it explicitly constructs some specific recursively enumerable sets of integer sequences arising during the embeddings.
Specific auxiliary operations are introduced to make the work with Higman operations a simpler and more intuitive procedure.
Also, an automated mechanism of constructive embeddings of countable groups into 2-generator groups preserving certain “patterns” is mentioned.
The first identification of Tula orthohantavirus in forest dormice (Rodentia: Gliridae) from Iran
Authors: Mahmoudi Ahmad , Mostafavi Ehsan , Mohammadi Ali , Jalali Tahmineh , Denys Christiane , Nicolas Violaine , Hugot Jean-Pierre , Lalis Aude , Salehi-Vaziri Mostafa
Published: June 2023

Orthohantaviruses are a group of zoonotic pathogens that can cause severe and potentially fatal syndromes in humans. Although orthohantaviruses have been documented in Iran, little is known about their potential reservoirs in the country. The present study constitutes the first attempt to detect orthohantavirus infections in rodents in Iran. Sampling was performed in the East Azerbaijan province, during October 2017 and June 2018. To detect orthohantavirus infection, we performed a Pan-hantavirus nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction targeting the large segment of the viral genome using consensus primers on lung tissue samples. We identified Tula orthohantavirus for the first time in Iran and from Dryomys nitedula sensu lato (s.l.) (Gliridae), a non-muroid host. There are two possible interpretations for this finding: an interspecies spillover or the presence of a broader primary host/reservoir list. However, at present, we do not advocate for either interpretation, but instead, argue for further accumulation of relevant data. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship between the Tula orthohantavirus identified in this study and those detected in Turkey. Nevertheless, comprehensive field studies, as well as full-length sequence analyses, are required to gain a better understanding of the potential reservoirs, ecology, and epidemiological cycle of the virus in Iran.
The future role of facial image analysis in ACMG classification guidelines
Authors: Lesmann Hellen , Klinkhammer Hannah , M. Krawitz Prof. Dr. med. Dipl. Phys. Peter
Published: June 2023

The use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has dramatically improved the diagnosis of rare diseases. However, the analysis of genomic data has become complex with the increasing detection of variants by exome and genome sequencing. The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) developed a 5-tier classification scheme in 2015 for variant interpretation, that has since been widely adopted. Despite efforts to minimise discrepancies in the application of these criteria, inconsistencies still occur. Further specifications for individual genes were developed by Variant Curation Expert Panels (VCEPs) of the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) consortium, that also take into consideration gene or disease specific features. For instance, in disorders with a highly characerstic facial gestalt a “phenotypic match” (PP4) has higher pathogenic evidence than e.g. in a non-syndromic form of intellectual disability. With computational approaches for quantifying the similarity of dysmorphic features results of such analysis can now be used in a refined Bayesian framework for the ACMG/AMP criteria.
Lithium fluoroarylsilylamides and their structural features
Authors: Mohan Sakshi , Al Ayi Yahya , Anandaraj Savarithai Jenani Louis , Cordier Marie , Roisnel Thierry , Carpentier Jean-François , Sarazin Yann
Published: June 2023

In order to probe the role of Li⋯F interactions toward the stabilisation of low-coordinate lithium complexes, the four fluoroarylsilylamides [LiN(SiMe3)(2-C6H4F)] (1-Li), [LiN(SiMe3)(2,6-C6H3F2)] (2-Li), [LiN(SiMe3)(C6F5)] (3-Li), and [LiN(SiMe2H)(2-C6H4F)] (4-Li) have been synthesised in high yields by deprotonation of the parent amines with nBuLi. They have been comprehensively characterised by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and complete assignments were achieved with the help of 2D NMR data. The molecular solid-state structures of [(2-Li)2]∞, [3-Li·Et

2

O]2, and [4-Li]8 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. They feature unusual coordination patterns, notably for the formation of the polymeric [(2-Li)2]∞ and a unique octagonal, crown-like [4-Li]8. In both structures, the role of Li⋯F non-covalent interactions was the key toward the building of the final architecture. It is shown that Li–F and C–F interatomic distances, along with |1
J
C,F| coupling constants, can be used as qualitative tools for the evaluation of the presence and relative strength of Li⋯F contacts.
Wrongful Convictions in Summary Proceedings: a Comparison of Penal Orders in France, Germany and Switzerland
Authors: Enescu Raluca
Published: June 2023

Summary proceedings and especially penal orders have become increasingly relevant in criminal justice systems across Europe. The prosecution holds significant power and convictions cannot guarantee that defendants understand their judgment. This contribution compares laws and empirical data on penal orders in France, Germany and Switzerland, with a focus on the role of the prosecution and the rights of the defence. I argue that while penal orders offer an efficient way of processing minor crimes, they also pose a high risk of erroneous sanctions and wrongful convictions. The contribution concludes that in order to protect the rights of the defence, the balance of power between the prosecution and the defendant needs to be improved by granting a hearing before a judgment is rendered, and by translating the penal order and delivering it in judicial appointments. The findings provide valuable insights into the need for continued reform in the area of summary proceedings.
Dynamic tuning of optical absorbance and structural color of VO2-based metasurface
Authors: Cheng Tao , Ma Yukuan , Zhao Huanhuan , Fei Tianhao , Liu Linhua , Yang Jia-Yue
Published: June 2023

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is an attractive thermal-control material exhibiting low thermal hysteresis and excellent temperature cycling performance. However, the deficiencies including weak spectral shift and narrow-band absorption during insulating-metallic transitions hinder its application in optoelectronics. The transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) can provide a promising solution with their high dielectric properties and robust optical coupling. Here, we report a MoS2/VO2/Au/Si metasurface and investigate the dynamic tunability of its optical absorbance and structural color upon heating via spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements and numerical simulations. The first-principles calculations reveal that the dielectric absorptions of metallic and insulating VO2 oppositely response to temperature, closely related to the difference in the transitions of O-2p states. Finite-element simulations reveal that the introduction of MoS2 nanostructure induces more absorption peaks by 2∼3 and achieves strong absorption in the full wavelength range of visible light. The Fabry–Perot (F–P) resonance is the critical factor for the optimized optical absorption. The structural color is sensitive to environmental perturbations at high-ε state of VO2, lower oblique incidence angles, and heights of MoS2. This work seeks to facilitate the spectral modulation of phase change metamaterials and can be extended to photoelectric detection and temperature sensing applications.
All-optical nonvolatile optical modulator for in-fiber operation
Authors: Liu Zhihai , Li Xiang , Cheng Siying , Li Yaru , Jin Wei , Zhang Yu , Qin Yifan , Zhang Yaxun , Li Shanshan , Lotnyk Andriy , Yuan Libo
Published: June 2023

The control of information is a defining feature of the information age, and the optical modulator likewise has a crucial role in optical networks. The transmission, processing, and storage of data have demanded low energy consumption and high speed for photonic systems, promoting the development of electro-optic modulators to all-optical modulators. Although these all-optical modulation methods eliminate the photoelectric conversion, the disadvantage of volatile materials requiring continuous power supply when processing and retaining data in new materials-based devices increase energy consumption. We propose a Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) integrated all-optical, nonvolatile optical modulator for in-fiber operation. The pulse-induced GST phase transition changes the reflectivity of the fiber end face, and this difference affects the result of the interference, achieving a modulation of output light intensity in interference spectra. The experimental results reveal that the device has obtained 13 dB interference intensity contrast in the telecommunications bands, and its response to a pump pulse is around 100 ns. Furthermore, we demonstrated the operation of the device as a scalar multiplication unit and a logic operation unit. The signal can be transmitted, processed, and stored in the fiber without photoelectric conversion. With the benefits of the switching power consumption of less than 100 nJ and the nonvolatile nature of GST, the device will be more energy-efficient in synchronous processing and storing. This in-fiber operating modulator lays the foundation for developing all-optical devices and networks.
Optimizing condition monitoring of ball bearings: An integrated approach using decision tree and extreme learning machine for effective decision-making
Authors: Euldji Riadh , Bouamhdi Mouloud , Rebhi Redha , Bachene Mourad , Ikumapayi Omolayo M. , Al-Dujaili Ayad Q. , Abdulkareem Ahmed I. , Humaidi Amjad J. , Menni Younes
Published: June 2023

This article presents a study on condition monitoring and predictive maintenance, highlighting the importance of tracking ball bearing condition to estimate their Remaining Useful Life (RUL). The study proposes a methodology that combines three algorithms, namely Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD), Decision Tree (DT), and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), to extract pertinent features and estimate RUL using vibration signals. To improve the accuracy of the method, the VMD algorithm is used to reduce noise from the original vibration signals. The DT algorithm is then employed to extract relevant features, which are fed into the ELM algorithm to estimate the RUL of the ball bearings. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated using ball bearing data sets from the PRONOSTIA platform. Overall, the results demonstrate that the suggested methodology successfully tracks the ball bearing condition and estimates RUL using vibration signals. This study provides valuable insights into the development of predictive maintenance systems that can assist decision-makers in planning maintenance activities. Further research could explore the potential of this methodology in other industrial applications and under different operating conditions.
On the multi-component Heisenberg supermagnet models in (1+1) and (2+1)-dimensions
Authors: Gao Mengyang , Yan Zhaowen
Published: June 2023

The Heisenberg supermagnet model is a significant supersymmetric integrable model which is the superextension of the Heisenberg ferromagnet model. This paper is concerned with the construction of the multi-component (1+1) and (2+1)-dimensional Heisenberg supermagnet models with two distinct quadratic constraints of the superspin variables. In terms of the multi-component gauge transformation, we construct their multi-component gauge equivalent counterparts, i.e., the multi-component (1+1) and (2+1)-dimensional super nonlinear Schrödinger equations and fermionic nonlinear Schrödinger equations, respectively.
A History of Repeated Alcohol Intoxication Promotes Cognitive Impairment and Gene Expression Signatures of Disease Progression in the 3xTg Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Sanna Pietro Paolo , Cabrelle Chiara , Kawamura Tomoya , Mercatelli Daniele , O'Connor Nathan , Roberts Amanda J. , Repunte-Canonigo Vez , Giorgi Federico M.
Published: June 2023

The impact of alcohol abuse on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is poorly understood. Here, we show that the onset of neurocognitive impairment in a mouse model of AD is hastened by repeated alcohol intoxication through exposure to alcohol vapor, and we provide a comprehensive gene expression dataset of the prefrontal cortex by the single-nucleus RNA sequencing of 113,242 cells. We observed a broad dysregulation of gene expression that involves neuronal excitability, neurodegeneration, and inflammation, including interferon genes. Several genes previously associated with AD in humans by genome-wide association studies were differentially regulated in specific neuronal populations. The gene expression signatures of AD mice with a history of alcohol intoxication showed greater similarity to the signatures of older AD mice with advanced disease and cognitive impairment than did the gene expression signatures of AD mice not exposed to alcohol, suggesting that alcohol promotes transcriptional changes consistent with AD progression. Our gene expression dataset at the single-cell level provides a unique resource for investigations of the molecular bases of the detrimental role of excessive alcohol intake in AD.
BRCA1/BARD1 intrinsically disordered regions facilitate chromatin recruitment and ubiquitylation
Authors: Witus Samuel R , Tuttle Lisa M , Li Wenjing , Zelter Alex , Wang Meiling , Kermoade Klaiten E , Wilburn Damien B , Davis Trisha N , Brzovic Peter S , Zhao Weixing , Klevit Rachel E
Published: June 2023

BRCA1/BARD1 is a tumor suppressor E3 ubiquitin (Ub) ligase with roles in DNA damage repair and in transcriptional regulation. BRCA1/BARD1 RING domains interact with nucleosomes to facilitate mono‐ubiquitylation of distinct residues on the C‐terminal tail of histone H2A. These enzymatic domains constitute a small fraction of the heterodimer, raising the possibility of functional chromatin interactions involving other regions such as the BARD1 C‐terminal domains that bind nucleosomes containing the DNA damage signal H2A K15‐Ub and H4 K20me0, or portions of the expansive intrinsically disordered regions found in both subunits. Herein, we reveal novel interactions that support robust H2A ubiquitylation activity mediated through a high‐affinity, intrinsically disordered DNA‐binding region of BARD1. These interactions support BRCA1/BARD1 recruitment to chromatin and sites of DNA damage in cells and contribute to their survival. We also reveal distinct BRCA1/BARD1 complexes that depend on the presence of H2A K15‐Ub, including a complex where a single BARD1 subunit spans adjacent nucleosome units. Our findings identify an extensive network of multivalent BARD1‐nucleosome interactions that serve as a platform for BRCA1/BARD1‐associated functions on chromatin.
Uzroci i posljedice gospodarskih kriza s naglaskom na Republiku Hrvatsku
Authors: Ergović Ariana , Ivona Gambiraža
Published: June 2023

Kriza predstavlja nepredviđen i neželjen ciklus koji može biti uzrokovan zdravstvenom, političkom, financijskom prirodom. Kriza 2008. godine uzrokovana je kolapsom drugorazrednih hipotekarnih kredita, dok je kriza 2021. godine uzrokovana virusom COVID-19. Svijet se u oba slučaja našao u nezavidnom položaju. Gledajući unatrag, zajedničko je krizi 1929. i krizi 2008. godine da je vlast u oba slučaja znala što treba poduzeti, ali je to odbila. Stoga, gledajući financijske krize u prošlosti, uviđaju se određene sličnosti te se tako lakše dolazi do rješenja problema. Razlika se može uočiti u krizi 2021. godine koja je uzrokovana pandemijom, a koja je u kratkom vremenu poprimila globalan razmjer i paralizirala svijet, stoga je i sam pristup krizi drugačiji nego kod financijske krize 2008. godine. Zdravlje je stavljeno na prvo mjesto, što je uvelike utjecalo na poslovne rezultate. No bez obzira na sav trud, nemogućnost kretanja ljudi i robe, učinila je svoje. BDP je u Republici Hrvatskoj 2020. godine pao više nego 2008. godine, što daje predodžbu kakav je galopirajući utjecaj imala zdravstvena kriza. Stoga je državna intervencija na potrošačku košaricu bila krucijalna kako bi stanovništvo što manje osjetilo njezin intenzitet. Cilj je ovoga rada staviti u odnos financijsku krizu 2008. godine i zdravstvenu krizu 2021. godine s tendencijom uočavanja različitosti i sličnosti među krizama te kako različiti uzroci nameću različite načine na koje zemlje djeluju u suzbijanju posljedica.
Proactive Personality and Entrepreneurial Intentions among Nigerian Students
Authors: Ojeleye Yinka Calvin , Ojeleye Chioma Ifeoma , Rafiu Falola Kareem , Abdullahi Aisha
Published: June 2023

The youth unemployment especially among graduates in Nigeria is at all-time high. The study explored the moderating role of perceived institutional support in the relationship between proactive personality and entrepreneurial intentions among students. The study employed survey and cross-sectional research design. The study employed purposive sampling technique 1000 pieces of questionnaire were administered students four federal universities in Kaduna, Kano, Sokoto and Zamfara states out of which 627 were valid and used for the analyses. The study used statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) to run the preliminary analyses such as detection of missing value, outliers, multicollinearity and test of normality. Structural equation model (SmartPLS) was used to run the measurement and structural models. The findings revealed that proactive personality and institutional support have positive and significant effect entrepreneurial intentions among students in the selected institutions. Furthermore, institutional support significantly moderated the relationship between proactive personality and entrepreneurial intentions The study recommended that institutions should support the students to develop entrepreneurial intentions. One way of achieving this is through the inclusion of entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial guidance and counselling to boost entrepreneurial intentions. Future studies can also conduct a longitudinal study as against the cross-survey employed by this study to properly ascertain the established relationship or otherwise of the constructs of study.
PEMBUATAN BUBUK WARNA EKSTRAK DAUN PETAI CINA (LAUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA) SEBAGAI PEWARNA ALAMI KAIN
Authors: K Elga Hayu , Kusumastuti Adhi , Putri Alda Talia
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Natural ingredients used as fabric dyes is expected to reduce environmental pollution due to the use of synthetic dyes. Chinese petai leaves contain flavonoids which produce a yellowish green color. This study was conducted to determine and analyze the color quality natural dyes of Chinese petai leaves on primissima mori fabric. This study used descriptive qualitative data methods. The use of water and NaOH-water was used in this study as a variation of solvent. Dyeing was done by soaking the fabric in 15 minutes to 30 minutes, then drying and repeating until 15 times. The dyeing result was tested in term of color difference and type. Based on the research, it can be concluded that Chinese petai leaves extract with NaOH â€“ water solvents achreved value of 85.69% while extract with water solvent achieved value of 72.63%.

Keywords: Chinese petai leaves, natural dyes, water, waterâ€“NaOH, color 

Abstract. Bahan alami yang digunakan sebagai pewarna kain, diharapkan dapat mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan akibat penggunaan warna sintetis. Daun petai cina mengandung pigmen warna flavonoid yang menghasilkan warna hijau kekuningan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kualitas ketuaan warna dari zat warna alam daun petai cina pada kain mori primissima. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Penggunaan pelarut air dan NaOHâ€“air digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebagai variasi pelarut. Pewarnaan dilakukan dengan cara merendam kain dalam waktu 15 menit, kemudian dijemur dan diulangi hingga frekuensi pencelupan 15 kali. Hasil pencelupan diuji nilai beda warna dan ketuaan warna yang dihasilkan. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh berdasarkan hasil analisis data bahwa larutan warna daun petai cina dengan pelarut NaOHâ€“air memiliki nilai ketuaan 85.69%, lebih tinggi dibandingkan pelarut air yang memiliki nilai 72.63%.

Kata Kunci : Daun Petai Cina, Zat Warna Alami, air, airâ€“NaOH, Ketuaan Warna
KELAYAKAN ORNAMEN MAHAR PENGANTIN DARI LIMBAH ALUMINIUM FOIL
Authors: Pratiwi Bias Nurul , Ihsani Ade Novi Nurul , Amira Dini
Published: June 2023

Aluminum foil has the characteristics of being strong, lightweight, heat-resistant and does not contain macnet, is one type of metal that is often found in everyday life. The suitable color is made of aluminum foil suitable for ornamental raw materials. The purpose of this research: to study how the validity of the products and the feasibility of dowry ornaments  from aluminum foil waste. The research method is an experimental method. The technique of taking data using a questionnaire or questionnaire. The analysis technique uses descriptive percentages. The dowry ornament sensory test results from aluminum foil waste obtained a value of 74% with good answers, with the highest value possible in the color indicator. Based on the favored test dowry ornament from aluminum waste obtained 87% value with a very like answer. Conclusion: bridal dowry ornaments made from aluminum foil waste were declared feasible and valid through sensory testing by expert panelists and were declared very fond through the preference test.
PENCIPTAAN MOTIF BATIK SUMBER IDE DARI ORNAMEN MASJID DAN MAKAM MANTINGAN
Authors: Ismia Ufik Nur , Na’am Muh Fakhrihun , Nazwan Atikah Putri
Published: June 2023

CREATION OF BATIK MOTIF FROM THE MANTINGAN MOSQUE AND TOMB ORNAMENTS

Ufik Nur Ismia *)a, Muh Fakhrihun Naâ€™am *)b

Department of Family Welfare Education, Faculty of Engineering State University of Semarang, E7 Campus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang Building 50229

Email: ufikjepara123@gmail.com

 

Abstract: Batik motifs are one of the most important factors in realizing a work of batik, by taking the source of ideas such as: abstract motifs, flora and fauna motifs, ornaments, decorative carvings, and so forth. With various sources of ideas avaible, researchers are interested in the ornaments in , mosques and Mantingan tombs. Apart from being a historical legacy, batik business people in Jepara Regency have not used batik motifs as a source of ideas from ornaments, most of them still use Jepara carvings. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research method. The procedure of conducting research is to create a batik motifs that takes the source of the ideas of some of the ornaments in the mosque and the mantingan tomb, and then translates them into a written batik work. Research results by describing the work, the work produced is feasible and needs to be developed with a variety of attractive colors.

Keyword: ornaments, Batik Motifs.
ANALISIS KUALITAS HASIL ROK DARI LIMBAH KAIN SPANDEX DENGAN TEKNIK KAIT (CROCHET)
Authors: Setiawati Desy , Widowati Widowati , Prasetyaningtyas Wulansari
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Cloth spandex waste is only used as the linen like households, napkin, and placemats, hence to be explored by making a skirt from waste a cloth spandex with crochet teknique.The purpose of this research to know the quality of the outcome a skirt from waste spandex with crochet teknique. The population in this study were 80 students who had taken the Engineering Course for Cain. Methods of data collection using questionnaires and data analysis using percentage descriptive analysis. The percentage of descriptive analysis results showed skirts from spandex fabric waste with crochet technique is high quality with a percentage of 90.19%. Conclusion of skirts from spandex fabric waste with a very high quality with percentage of 90,19%, so that the waste can be used to make spandex skirt with crochet technique.

Keywords:  Crochet; Quality; Cloth Spandex Waste; Skirt.

Abstrak. Limbah kain spandex hanya dimanfaatkan sebagai lenan rumah tangga seperti keset, lap, dan alas piring, oleh karena itu akan dieksplor dengan membuat rok dari limbah kain spandex dengan teknik kait. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kualitas hasil rok dari limbah spandex dengan teknik kait (crochet). Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah limbah kain spandex yang merupakan limbah dari pabrik tekstil yang masih jarang digunakan kembali dan cenderung mencemari lingkungan Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 80 mahasiswa yang telah menempuh Mata Kuliah Teknik Buat Kain. Teknik pengambilan sampel Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling sebesar 44 mahasiswa. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif persentase. Hasil analisis deskriptif persentase menunjukkan rok dari limbah kain spandex dengan teknik kait berkualitas tinggi dengan persentase sebesar 90,19%. Simpulan rok memiliki kualitas sangat tinggi dengan persentase sebesar 90,19% sehingga limbah spandex bisa digunakan untuk membuat rok kait.

Kata Kunci: Crochet; Kualitas; Limbah Kain Spandex; Rok
HUBUNGAN USIA, PENDIDIKAN, DAN MOTIVASI DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR MENJAHIT (STUDI KASUS PESERTA DIDIK BIPTAK DISPERINDAG PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH)
Authors: Aisyah Ismi , Musdalifah Musdalifah , Diva Rahmatul
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Garment sewing operator skills training at the Textile and Footwear Product Industry Center (BIPTAK) is one of the non-formal educational institutions that has heterogeneous students, from different educational backgrounds, diverse learning motivations as well. This heterogeneous level that makes the success of learning every student is not the same between students with one another. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression method using SPSS. Data collection techniques used in this study used a questionnaire, observation and documentation. The results of the data analysis showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the variables of age, education, and motivation with learning outcomes in sewing, where the R value was 0,441 and the significance value for the relationship of age, education, and motivation simultaneously with sewing learning outcomes was 0,033 > 0,05. The coefficient of determination of  19,4% shows that age, education, and motivation contribute to learning outcomes in sewing.

Keywords:  Sewing; Motivation; Education; Age

Abstrak. Pelatihan keterampilan operator jahit garmen di Balai Industri Produk Tekstil dan Alas Kaki (BIPTAK) merupakan salah satu lembaga pendidikan non formal yang memiliki peserta didik yang heterogen, dari latar belakang jenjang pendidikan yang berbeda-beda, usia yang beragam dan motivasi belajar yang beragam pula. Tingkat heterogen  ini yang membuat keberhasilan belajar setiap peserta didik tidaklah sama antara peserta didik satu dengan yang lainnya. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode regresi linier berganda menggunakan bantuan SPSS. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari analisis data diperoleh bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara variabel usia, pendidikan, dan motivasi  dengan hasil belajar menjahit, dimana nilai R sebesar 0,441 dan nilai signifikansi untuk hubungan usia, pendidikan, dan motivasi  secara simultan dengan hasil belajar menjahit adalah sebesar 0,033 > 0,05. Koefisien determinasi sebesar 19,4% menunjukkan bahwa usia, pendidikan, dan motivasi memberikan konstribusi terhadap hasil belajar menjahit.

Kata Kunci: Menjahit; Motivasi; Pendidikan; Usia