bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Archery Bow Design Equation
Authors: Verma Rahul
Published: May 2020

Bow and arrow is one of the ancient combat tool used for defense, hunting and in recent times, used in sports. There have been several improvements in archery since then. Bows, as we know today are made from several components, materials and are available in different shapes and designs. There have been several variations in the bow design, broadly categorized under traditional bow or long bow, recurve bow, cross bow and compound bow. They may look very different and may have different efficiency but their underlying principle of operations have not changed much in past decades. There have been several studies and patents filed for new designs of the bows to improve the efficiency and several accessories have also been introduced to improve targeting, stability, and power. In this study using laws of physics, a design equation has been established which can be used as basis for deriving various aspects of the bow design and can be used for creating new bow designs with added efficiency. The bow design equation in this study is named as ‘RV bow design equation’ which is split into three parts to cover the aspect of arrow mass, energy stored in the bow, and energy transferred to arrow to give designers holistic view of the bow design and ability to monitor several parameters independently and in conjunction to each other. This equation will facilitate designers to make informed decisions about several aspects of the bow and they can use this equation to maximize the energy or velocity output of the arrow with a given design and material used for construction.
Comparative Analysis of Water Drive, Gas Drive and Natural Drive Mechanism for Oil Production using Alwyn North Field as a Case Study
Authors: Amadi Azubuike Hope , Raphael Okeke , Ebube Orisa F.
Published: May 2020

In-situ Crude oil can be produced through several drive mechanisms of which the choice of specific drive mechanism is dependent on several key performance tools. This study examines the Alwyn North field and presents a comparative analysis for producing crude oil using water drive, gas drive and natural drive or depletion drive. The Eclipse Simulator was used to simulate different scenarios of well placement and performance tools such as FOPR, FPR, FWCT, FGOR and FOE was used during simulation to compare the outcomes of the well placement. Economic analysis which is key in decision making was carried out using economic tools such as Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Net Present Value (NPV), Payback Period, Internal Rate Return (IRR) and Profitability Index (PI). The payback period for water injection was 2.1years and 1.99years for gas injection. IRR was 53% and 48% for water and gas injection development schemes respectively and Profitability Index for water injection was 1.73 and 1.36 for gas injection. These economic tools helped to arrive at a conclusion of best drive mechanism for the production of the field.
Penentuan Kadar Flavonoid Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Sukun (Artocarpus altilis)
Authors: Kusuma A. Trihadi , Adelah Andi , Abidin Zainal , Najib Ahmad
Published: May 2020

Daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis) merupakan salah satu obat tradisional yang sudah lama digunakan untuk mengatasi berbagai penyakit. Beberapa senyawa yang telah diketahui mampu mengambat pertumbuhan kanker yang terdapat dalam daun sukun adalah senyawa golongan flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar flavonoid ekstrak etil asetat daun sukun. Sampel diekstrak menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etil asetat. Penentuan kadar flavonoid menggunakan spektrofotometri yang diukur pada panjang gelombang 435 nm, dengan pembanding kuersetin (QE). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kandungan flavonoid pada ekstrak etil asetat daun sukun adalah 29,442±1,20 mgQE/g.
Potensi Krim Ekstrak Daun Johar (Cassia siame) Menghambat Pertumbuhan Candida albicans
Authors: Daeng Pine Andi Tenriugi , Azis Arief , Darmawan Ika Riski
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi krim ekstrak daun johar untuk menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ekperimental. Daun johar (Cassia siamea Lamk.) diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi mengunakan pelarut etanol 96% kemudian diformulasi dalam bentuk sediaan krim dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 5%b/b dan 10%b/b. Sediaan krim tersebut kemudian diuji kemampuan daya hambatnya terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans dengan metode sumuran.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan krim ekstrak daun johar (Cassia siamea Lamk.) konsentrasi 10%b/b memiliki diameter zona hambat terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans sebesar 22,5 mm. Daya hambat dari krim ekstrak daun johar  konsentrasi 10%b/b termasuk kategori sangat kuat.
Efek Antiinflamasi Salep Ekstrak Daun Nangka (Artocarpus heteropyllus l) Terhadap Mencit (Mus musculus)
Authors: Ermawati Ermawati , Nurmila Nurmila
Published: May 2020

Nangka merupakan salah satu tanaman buah lokal Indonesia. Daun nangka memiliki banyak manfaat seperti mengangkat sel kulit mati, obat jerawat, demam, bisul, antioksidan, antiinflamasi, dan antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek antiinflamasi sediaan salep ekstrak daun nangka (Artocarpus heteropyllus L). Daun nangka diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dengan cara perendaman dan diuapkan sampai diperoleh ekstrak kental. Ekstrak daun nangka yang diperoleh dibuat dalam bentuk salep dengan dua konsentrasi yang berbeda yaitu 10% dan 15% serta basis salep sebagai kontrol negatif. Penginduksi yang digunakan adalah karagenan 3%. Penentuan efek antiinflamasi dilakukan dengan inflammation associated oedema yaitu dengan menggunakan jangka sorong untuk mengukur tebal lipatan kulit punggung mencit. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian salep ekstrak daun nangka 10% dan 15% berefek antiinflamasi dengan penurunan tebal lipatan kulit punggung mencit berturut-turut 71,4% dan 51,4%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa salep ekstrak daun nangka dapat memberikan efek antiinflamasi pada mencit.
A14D
Authors: Oluwasanmi Mayowa
Published: May 2020

In the forefront of the fourth industrial revolution is Artificial intelligence, better known as “AI.”  As a frontier technology, AI is implementing deep and far-reaching changes into the way we work, play and live. These tools present numerous opportunities in solving issues of international development. Yet in spite of its infallible potential,  the negative repercussions of AI driven change have become abundantly clear. These consequences will only be exacerbated in the Global South where there is a greater tendency for weak institutional capacity and governance. AI has the potential to threaten employment, human rights, democratic process and worsen economic dependency. The very nature of these tools--the ability to codify and reproduce patterns--must be met with responsible, ethical actors who ensure developmental goals will be met. Is AI4D the answer? This paper will illustrate the opportunities and risks of AI-driven development. I argue that technology can no longer be considered an inherent equalizer, and that the responsibility for fairness in the digital world must be championed by the international community. Finally, I will present possible steps policymakers can take to ensure true development in our data-driven future.
Libri Principis e as Ilustrações de Fauna e de Flora do Brasil Holandês
Authors: Scharf Cláudia Philippi
Published: May 2020

Este artigo aborda um conjunto de ilustrações de flora e de fauna realizadas durante o governo de Maurício de Nassau no Brasil Holandês, no século 17, conhecido como Libri Principis: dois volumes encadernados com desenhos e pinturas realizadas entre os anos de 1637 e 1644 no Brasil, por artistas e cientistas de sua comitiva. Apesar de existirem por quase quatro séculos, os Libri Principis têm recebido pouca atenção, sobretudo de historiadores da arte, tendo sido considerados desaparecidos desde a Segunda Guerra Mundial até 1977, quando foram encontrados na Biblioteca Jaguelônica da Universidade de Cracóvia, na Polônia. O objetivo principal de minha pesquisa foi o de estudar esse material buscando conhecer sua trajetória histórica e investigar como, por que e por quem foi produzido. Para isso foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica extensa e pesquisa sobre as técnicas pictóricas utilizadas pelos artistas viajantes da época. Entre as conclusões, destacamos o interesse e a estreita relação de Maurício de Nassau com o desenvolvimento da História Natural europeia e a inserção dos Libri Principis no amplo contexto do desenvolvimento artístico, científico e tecnológico do século 17.
Studying the relationship of Nosocomial infection to the age, gender and educational level of the patient
Authors: Mohammed Ali1 Shaimaa Abd , M. Raoof Waad , O. Mohammed Ali Khalid
Published: May 2020

A total of 140 samples were collected from patients staying at Tikrit Teaching Hospital for three days or more in order to identify the most common bacterial isolates within the infections acquired from Tikrit Teaching Hospital and its relation to the age, gender and educational level of the patient. The samples included 75 urine samples, 28 stool samples, 28 wound swabs, and 9 sputum samples. The percentage of nosocomial infections was (45.7%), where the highest percentage were among UTIs (50.7%) from the total of (75) samples, followed by wound infections (42.9%) from the total of (28) samples, gastrointestinal infections (39.3%) from the total of (28) samples, and pneumonic infections (33.3%) from the total of (9) samples. It was noticed that hospital infections were more common in females, age group (51-89) years followed by the age group (5 years and less), and the uneducated (illiterate) where the number of hospital infected patients was 47 uneducated (illiterate) patients with 71.2%, while the number of educated patients was 19 patients with 28.8%. Various bacterial species were isolated in this study, including Citrobacter.koseri, E.coli, Staphylococcus schleiferi, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella ozaenae, Klebsiella ornithindytica, Enterobacter aerogenes, Providencia stuartii, Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Prov. rettgeri, Staph. flexneri, Prov.alcalifaciens and K.pneumoniae.
 
 http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.006
Detection of infection by rubella and cytomegalovirus among women exposed to abortion in Ninavah province
Authors: Nafi Mahmood1 Mahmood , Younis Shareef2 Adeeba
Published: May 2020

The study aims to correlate infection with rubella, cytomegalovirus and abortion at different age groups.
Blood samples were collected through the period between beginning of February to the end of September 2017, one hundred and twenty-seven women exposed to abortion and thirty apparently health controls. Serum samples were tested for IgM and IgG antibodies for rubella and cytomegalovirus.
The results showed that CMV was the most common infection with high level of IgM antibodies (15.7%) and IgG (12.5%), only 0.7% of the cases gave positive results for rubella IgM, and 6.2% had rubella IgG while the control group only 6.6% had CMV IgM, and 3.3% had CMV IgG antibody. All the age groups did not show infection with rubella except age 25-31 years as 2.1% and 8.5% had IgM and IgG respectively. The highest rate of infection with CMV was at age group 25-31 years (21.2%) then age group 18-24 years (13.7%). Most of the patients experienced two abortions were reported at age group 25-31 years, 1.5% and 4.7% of CMV infected patient experienced 3 and 2 respectively while 1.5% of rubella infected patients had only one abortion, 18.1% of the patients with CMV experienced 2 abortions had cut off >1.25. Hundred % of the patients with rubella had cut off value of > 1.25 experienced one abortions.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.008
The Othogonality of Martingale in Birkhoff’s sense and others
Authors: Jumaa Suha , Ibrahim H.H.
Published: May 2020

Orthogonality is one of an important  the concepts in Mathematics , therefor it will be discussed in this paper, the orthogonality of martingale according to Birkhoff ’s, Roberts’s, Singer’s, Carlsson’s sense for  orthogonality  and the conditions that are needed to have orthogonality
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.019
On fixed point theorem in complete quasi-metric space under F-contraction mapping
Authors: Abdul-Jabbar Rifaat Saad
Published: May 2020

In this paper, a fixed point theorem under F-contraction mapping was considered and proved in complete quasi-metric space. This theorem was considered by Piri and Kumam in [1].
Subject Classification : 30C45; 30C10; 47B38
 
 http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.037
WES-2-Absorbing Submodules and WEQ-2-Absorbing Submodules
Authors: Hussein1 Wissam A. , Mohammad Ali2 Haibat K.
Published: May 2020

In this research, we introduced and studied, the concepts of WES-2-absorbing submodules and WEQ-2-absorbing submodules as a stronger form of the concepts of weakly semi-2-absorbing submodules and weakly quasi-2-absorbing submodules respectively, and give their basic properties, examples and characterizations. On the otherhand, we studied the relationships among these concepts. Furthermore, we studied the behavior of these concepts in some classes of modules.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.040
Effect of Inhibin-B hormone and its relationship with a number of sex hormones in men with Azoospermia
Authors: Abdullah ali Alaa , Abdulhadi Omear1 Hadeel , Anwar alobaydi2 Mazin
Published: May 2020

Inhibin-B is produced by sertoli cells and acts as a negative feedback mechanism of follicular stimulation hormone (FSH). In order to evaluate the effect of Inhibin-B in men with Azoospermia, the study measured the concentrations of the following hormones: Inhibin-B, FSH, Luteinizing Hormone Prolactin (PRL), (LH) and Testosterone (Testo). Serum for 30 normal men semen and 50 men with Azoespermia (zero sperm count in sperm). The mean concentration of the hormone Inhibin-B in patients with Azoospermia was (135.7 ±87.6) pg/ml, while in normal men (175.6 ±47.9) Pg / ml with a significant value of the group of healthy patients at a significant level (p≤0.01). The mean serum FSH concentration in patients was (13.7 ± 12.27) lU / L whereas in normal men (4.1 ± 2.84) lU / L, the relationship was significant between patients and healthy at a significant level (P≤0.01) the correlation with the Inhibin-B  hormone is reversible relationship. The mean concentration of LH in patients was (12.8±11.87) IU/L and in the healthy (7.9±5.57) IU/L and the relationship between them was significant  (P≤0.05) and the correlation with the Inhibin-B hormone is positive relationship. The mean concentration of the  Testosterone In the patients was  (2.37 ± 1.22) IU / L and in the healthy (5.1 ± 1.96) IU/ L, the relationship was of significant value at P≤0.01 and the correlation with the Inhibin-B hormone is positive relationship, and there is a difference in the mean concentration of PRL between the patients and the healthy where it reaches (8.88 ±5.16) IU / L in patients and (8.03 ± 4.2) IU / L in the healthy. where the relationship was non-significant value between both patients and healthy and the correlation with the Inhibin-B hormone is positive relationship .
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.042
Estimation of Nitric Oxide, Malondialdehyde, and Adenosine Deaminase in Serum of Hypertensive Patients and Normotensive Individuals in Erbil City
Authors: I. Ibrahim1 Gulzar , M. Abdulkareem2 Saman , M. Hasan1 Lutfiya
Published: May 2020

This study was aimed to estimate nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the serum of hypertensive patients. Fifty patients (25 males and 25 females) age 40-70 diagnosed with hypertension involved in the study. Fifty healthy individuals, who had no hypertension in the last year, were identified as the control group. NO, MDA and ADA have performed accordingly. MDA was higher with aging and gender in hypertensive patients. Serum level of MDA was higher in females compared with male due to oxidative stress more in female than a male with aging. ADA was higher among hypertensive with aging, though no significant differences among gender. Serum level of NO was lower with aging with no significant differences among gender.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.043
A Study of the thermodynamic parameters (functions) of complexes formation of Sulfanilamid with metal ions and DL-Alanine by potentiometric method
Authors: Abaas Gaasm Luma
Published: May 2020

The current study deals with the preparation of disulfonalmide complexes composed of the sulfanilamid  drug , the salt of chromium(III) and the trisulfonalmide complexes composed of the  sulfonalmide drug , the metal salt and the amino acid (alanin), as well as study in the stability constant of each complex and making a comparison between them . The obtained results show that the tricomplex stability constant is higher than the dicomplex stability constant due to the existence of the amino acid in the tricomplex which makes greater stereo structure and eventually easier interaction. Besides the thermodynamic functions in this experiment have been studed  since they cause a chemical spontaneous reaction and a random arrangement in system
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.048
Nuclear energy levels in 58Ni
Authors: Majeed1 Firas Zuhair , Battawy2 , Ammar A. , A. Ahmed2 Muhanned
Published: May 2020

Energy levels, total angular momenta and parity for two nucleons that present outside closed core 56Ni (Nickel) which occupied FP nuclear shell have been calculated using nuclear shell model application. We have used FP M3YE interaction to calculate energy levels of 58Ni, in addition, the results are compared with experimental data, modified surface delta interaction (MSDI), Reid's potential (RP) and non-zero pairing shell model (NZPSM).
Harmonic Oscillator potential is used to generate single particle wave functions in FP shell and considering  as an inert core.
Oxford Buenos Aires Shell Model (OXBASH) code for nuclear shell model calculation has been utilized to carry out the calculations and comparison with experimental data had been done.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.054
Estimation the levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha patients with diabetic type 2 in Tikrit city
Authors: Majeed1 Muhannad E. , Marbut2 Mousa M.
Published: May 2020

Type 2 is the most common metabolic disorder characterized by the increased  concentration of glucose in blood  due to insulin resistance or relative insulin deficiency. Changes in human behavior and lifestyle over the last century have resulted in a dramatic increase in the incidence of diabetes worldwide. Interleukin 6 is pro inflammatory cytokines  secreted by immune cells, adipose tissue , Muscles  is able to accelerate or inhibit the inflammatory processes .High circulating IL-6 levels have been associated with insulin resistance and greater risk of T2DM .
80 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (40 male and 40 female )are diagnosed  by specialized in medicine  in general Salah- Aldin  Hospital in Tikrit city and 40 apparently healthy  Controls (20 male and 20 female ) were included in this study  This study carried out in Tikrit city from 1st October 2017 to 1st of April 2018  Anthropometric measures include, Age ,  BMI , were done for all participants  Fasting serum samples were obtained and used for the measurement of serum glucose Interleukin- 6 (IL-6) and Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) .
The results of current study showed that Fasting serum glucose (FBS), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) are High significant increase (p<0.01) in diabetic patients when compared to control group.
In Conclusion, serum interleukin -6 (IL-6) and Tumor necrosis factor – alpha (TNF-α) has high significant increases level in diabetic patients compared to control.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.063
The effect of toxoplasmosis infection in the concentration of interferon-ɣ and complementary proteins C3,C4 for parasite infected woman Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Al Jubouri AbdulKhaliq Alwan Muheimeed , Al Safe Noor Talal Ali Taha
Published: May 2020

The current study deals with measuring the level of interferon-ɣ   لfor 9696عينة من النساء المرضى المراجعات لمستشفى صلاح الدين التعليمي في محافظة صلاح الدين للفترة sample of infected women with Toxoplasma gondii , whose attended  Salah- El-Deen Teaching Hospital in Salah- El-Deen Governorate from 13/10لغاية /2016 to2017/4/2020/4/ 2017. The samples have been divided into50 50 infected عينة من النساء الحوامل المصابات بطفيلي pregnant  women with  ToxoplasmagondiiToxoplasma gondii وand 46 46 عينة كمجموعة سيطرة .women as a control group which included 2323 pregnant women 23and 23 عينة من النساء غير الحوامل من غير المصابات ب non – pregnant  whose as  not infectedT.gondii.. وتبين من خلال الدراسة وجود اختلاف معنوي في مستوى الانترفيرونThe study shows significant difference in the level of interferon ɣ كاما بين النساء المصابات ومجموعة السيطرة اذ ارتفع مستوى الانترفيرونbetween the infected women group  and control group .The level of interferon ɣ كاما بين النساء المصابات ومجموعة السيطرة اذ ارتفع مستوى الانترفيرونin infected women was higher compared with the control group 1.658 0.977 0.977 and ) (,ah 0.7650.765 0.524 0.524) بيكوغرام / مل على التوالي عند مستوى احتمالية  pg. / ml, respectively, at the level of probability 0.01p< .0.01>p. وفيما يخص قياس مستوى المتممينconcerning on to the measurement of the level of the complementary proteins C3 ,C4)C3, C4),فقد بلغت قيم It was shown the result exist variances moral if were valued in infection women ​​ofC3,C4) 0.3708 0.0107 0.0107 and) ( 0.38510.3851 0.0306 0.0306) ملغرام / ديسلتر على التوالي مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة ( mg/dl, respectively, compared to the valued in non-infection women0.2528 0.2528  0.0463 0.0463 and) ( 0.2142 0.2142 0.06080.0608) ملغرام / ديسلتر على التوالي عند مستوى احتمالية mg/ dl, respectively, at the level of probability 0.01 p<. 0.01. >
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.067
Serum level of Interleukin (IL)-8, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP)-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α in children infected with Entamoeba histolytica
Authors: Ahmed Huda Muneer , Al-Nasiri Fatima Shihab
Published: May 2020

Entamoeba histolytica is an enteric protozoan parasite which caused tissue invasive amoebiasis. It can induce the production of cytokines (such as IL-8 and TNF-α) and chemokines (such as MCP-1) from intestinal epithelial cells. This study was done to detect the serum level of IL-8, MCP-1 and TNF-α, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in 60 children affected by amoebiasis to correlate the production of these cytokines with infection and comparison with the healthy persons (n= 30). Three aged groups (1 month- 2 year, 2-4 year and 4-6 year) were entered in the study for patients and healthy controls. The level of IL-8 (37.22 ± 7.06, 37.35 ± 1.981 and 36.45 ± 4.39 pg/ml) in children with amoebiasis were higher significantly compared with the level in healthy children (29.95 ± 4.30, 26.90 ± 4.17 and 25.32 ± 2.31 pg/ml) in all age groups (1 month- 2 year, 2-4 year and 4-6 year, respectively). Significant differences in the level of MCP-1 which were higher (28.92 ± 1.48, 30.85 ± 3.78 and 31.91 ± 6.82 pg/ml) in children with amoebiasis than in healthy children (18.44 ± 0.74, 22.62 ± 6.25 and 18.30 ± 1.43 pg/ml) in all age groups (respectively). Also, the level of TNF-α were higher significantly (58.05 ± 6.90, 55.87 ± 3.81 and 57.32 ± 8.86 pg/ml) in children with amoebiasis compared with healthy children (42.91 ± 2.54, 43.54 ± 3.42 and 42.64 ± 3.47 pg/ml, respectively) in all age groups (respectively). These findings reflect a role of IL-8, MCP-1 and TNF-α in E. histolytica infection.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.068
Effect of photo chemical etching and electro chemical etching on the topography of porous silicon wafers surfaces
Authors: Jassem Amjad Hussein
Published: May 2020

In This research we study the effect of photo chemical etching and electrochemical etching on topography of porous silicon surfaces, the results showed that photo chemical etching produced roughness silicon layer which can have thickness be less of porous silicon layer which is produced by electro chemical etching When all the wafers have same etching time  and hydrofluoric solution (HF) concentration, the wafers have same resistance (10 Ω.cm).
Also the results showed the roughness of porous silicon layers produced  by  electro chemical method which is bigger than the roughness of porous silicon layers produced by photo chemical method and the results of roughness of porous silicon layers, Pore diameter and porous layer thickness were produced by electro chemical method (1.55(µm) ((0.99(µm)) and ((1.21(µm) respectively), the results of roughness of porous silicon layers, Pore diameter and porous layer thickness were produced by photo chemical method 0.63)) nm -1.55)) (µm) ),so the (84.9 (nm)- and (3.94(nm) respectively .
This is reinforces because of using the electro chemical to etching the wafer surf ace of bulk silicon and changing it to roughness silicon surface  be share in success of many practicalities.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.072
Measurement of radionuclides concentration in soil of selected regions of Kirkuk and Salahuddin
Authors: Aman Allah Sabah Mahmoud , Nouri Abdullah Zahim
Published: May 2020

The present  research aims to assess the radionuclides concentration in the soil samples by using the spectroscopy technique of high-purity germanium detector. Four samples of soil were collected at depth of 15 cm for selected regions of Kirkuk and Salahuddin governorates with two samples for the two governorates. The study shows that the activity unit for the 226Ra, 214Pb, 212Pb, 228Ac, and 40K in the studied samples ranged between (11.4±0.7-5.6±1.2) in a rate (9.4±0.85) and in a (3.8± 0.4-29±4) and rate (19.3 ± 5.4) (2± 0.1 – 9.4±0.7) in a rate (6.4±0.54) and (1.6±0.2-11.4±1.2) in a rate (7.95 ± 0.775) and (64.2 ± 4.2-226.2 ± 8) in a rate (172.25 ± 7.7) Bq.kg-1, respectively, as well as, calculated EQ Radium (60.7194-12.8314) Bq.kg-1, activity concentration indicator (  (0.4448-0.096133), internal Risk indicator (0.236988-0.049795), external risk indicator(0.164015-0.03466), values of absorbed dose in air (28.79214-6.23074) nGy.kg-1, the annual effective dose internal factor (0.141243-0.030566) mSv.y-1, the annual effective dose external factor(0.035311-0.007641) mSv.y-1. All these values do not exceed the internationally permissible standards recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) and have no adverse impact, on the human health or the environment.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.074
Structural properties of the composites (BaFe12O19/Ni0.3Cu0.2Zn0.5Al-0.5Fe1.5O4) prepared by sol-gel auto combustion
Authors: Rashid1 Mohammed Mustafa , Fathi2 Sabah J. , Munef Rafea A. , Ahmed1 Bilal Omer
Published: May 2020

The nanocomposites ferrites (BaFe12O19/Ni0.3Cu0.2Zn0.5Al­0.5Fe1.5O4) with (x=10,25,50,75,90%) were prepared by sol-gel auto combustion. The micro-structural features of the samples were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The results were compared which show that the grain size of the nano composites which prepared by sol-gel auto combustion about (25-46) nm.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.075
Traumatic bonding in intimate partner violence: A Relational Family Therapy approach
Authors: Simonič Barbara , Osewska Elzbieta
Published: May 2020

Intimate partner violence is defined as a form of violence where, in an intimate relationship, physical or psychological acts of violence are committed by a partner or spouse against the other partner or spouse. All of these actions are accompanied by extremely emotional dynamics, which is paradoxical, as we would expect that with the gravity of abusive and violent acts the victims will understand the need for self-protection and appropriate measures. There is a strong emotional bond between the victim and the abuser, which authors call traumatic bonding. It is an emotional dependence between two people in a relationship that is characterized by the feelings of intense attachment, cognitive distortion and behavioural strategies of both individuals that paradoxically strengthen and maintain the bond, which is reflected in a vicious cycle of violence. The termination of such a relationship or the departure from it, from the point of view of attachment which is activated in this situation, seems risky, since the victim seeks refuge in the state of perceived danger, but experiences that - after the outbreak of violence calms down - the refuge is paradoxically offered by the bully. Here we can recognize a pattern of dysfunctional affect regulation that falsely calms difficult (basic) affects and maintains a violent relationship. From the viewpoint of Relational Family Therapy, it is therefore necessary for victims that after breaking off a violent relationship or leaving it they face their painful basic affects and develop proper regulation of these, otherwise they will remain committed to this kind of relationship. Using the case study method, the paper describes the case of a client after she left a violent intimate relationship, with an emphasis on the demonstration of traumatic bonding dynamics and the resolution of their consequences in Relational Family Therapy.

[1] The authors acknowledges partial financial support from the Slovenian Research Agency (project No. J5-9349).
Retoryka biblijna-semicka
Authors: Meynet S.I. Roland
Published: May 2020

Celem tego artykułu jest krótkie oraz praktyczne wprowadzenie do analizy retoryki biblijnej oraz semickiej. Rozpoczyna się od krótkiej historycznej prezentacji rozwoju tej metody biblijnej, poczynając od założycieli tej metody, skupiając się na odkrytych przez nich kluczowych elementach retorycznych kompozycji znajdujących się w Piśmie Św. takich jak parallelismus membrorum, kompozycje równoległe oraz koncentryczne. W drugiej części tego artykułu autor ukazuje, jak owe kompozycje retoryczne funkcjonują na różnych poziomach kompozycji, poczynając od małych jednostek literackich, a kończąc na dużych jednostkach literackich. W ostatniej części autor podaje parę wskazówek, jak interpretować tekst, biorąc pod uwagę jego kompozycje oraz kontekst biblijny. Artykuł kończy się przykładem modlitwy muzułmańskiej oraz jej porównaniem z Modlitwą Pańską.
Mandibular Metastasis of a Recurrent Poorly Differentiated Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma
Authors: Aoun Georges , Hayek Elie , Nasseh Ibrahim
Published: May 2020

Metastatic lesions to the oral cavity are uncommon; they represent between 1 and 3% of all malignant oral neoplasms. In this article, we report a rare case of metastatic urothelial bladder carcinoma in the mandible detected on oral radiographic images and confirmed with multiple imaging modalities. A 67-year-old woman presented to our clinic suffering from pain in the right side of the mandible with a mild swelling. Panoramic radiograph revealed an ill-defined relatively radiolucent lesion in the right mandibular premolar-canine region presenting with permeative changes. Cone-beam computed tomography showed a relatively hypodense lesion with demineralization, interruption of the buccal cortices, and slight thickening and sclerosis of the buccal cortical bone. The patient was referred for further evaluation including additional advanced imaging radiographic techniques (MRI and PET scan) and clinical and histopathological examinations that lead to a final diagnosis of metastatic lesion from an underlying urothelial bladder carcinoma.
Intradialytic Exercise and Biochemical Markers: An Experimental Study
Authors: Thenmozhi P.
Published: May 2020

Exercise based rehabilitation like intradialytic exercise program could improve the physical function through its contribution in maintaining electrolyte balance. The study was conducted with the aim to determine the effectiveness of intradialytic exercise on biochemical markers among patients on hemodialysis. Quasi experimental research design was embraced to conduct the study with 130 human samples who met the inclusion criteria in hemodialysis unit and samples allocated into experimental group (n=65) and control group (n=65) by convenience sampling technique. The demographic questionnaire was completed at the beginning of the study followed by pre-test forboth the groups. Experimental group received intradialytic exercise during initial 2 hours of hemodialysis for 3months besides control group received the routine care. Post test was conducted at the end of 3rd month after the dialysis session. Data were analyzed using Sigma Plot 12 (Systat, USA). After 3 months of intradialytic exercise, a signi????icant reduction was observed in serum creatinine, blood urea, serum potassium, serum phosphate and increase in serum calcium and hemoglobin at the level of p<0.001 in the experimental group. The study ????indings concluded that intradialytic exercise programme is safe, complementary intervention and do not cost the patient extra time and this effective care can be incorporated in the regular care of patients on hemodialysis.
Assessment of fruit and vegetable consumption among female university students
Authors: Ahmad Sirfan A.S , Hamirudin A.H. , Sidek S.
Published: May 2020

The low intake of fruits and vegetables is a global issue. This research aimed to determine
the association of fruit and vegetable intake with waist circumference and barriers of
intake. A total of 279 female students from the International Islamic University Malaysia,
Kuantan, were recruited through convenience sampling and provided with a set of
questionnaires to identify their fruits and vegetable intake. The waist circumference of
respondents was measured. The majority of students consumed only one serving of fruit
and vegetable per day, which is less than the levels recommended by the Malaysian
Dietary Guideline. Only 9.0% of students had a fruits intake of two servings/day, while
6.5% had a vegetable intake of three servings/day which meets the recommendation.
There was no significant association of fruits and vegetable intake with waist
circumference among female students. Non-availability and not delicious were identified
as major barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption respectively. In conclusion, the fruit
and vegetable intake among the majority of female university students is inadequate.
Thus, there is a need to increase awareness and develop strategies to promote adequate
fruit and vegetable intake among this specific target group.
OPTIMIZATION OF PID PARAMETERS BASED ON PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION FOR BALL AND BEAM SYSTEM
Authors: Ali Haytem , Albagul Abdulgani , Algitta Alhade
Published: May 2020

This paper introduces the application of an optimization technique, known as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to the problem of tuning the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller for a linearized ball and beam control system. After describing the basic principles of the Particle Swarm Optimization, the proposed method concentrates on finding the optimal solution of PID controller in the cascade control loop of the Ball and Beam Control System. Ball and Beam control system tends to balance a ball on a particular position on the beam as defined by the user. The efficiency of Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm for tuning the controller will be compared with a classical method, Trial and Error method. The comparison is based on the time response performance. The two tuning methods have been developed by simulation study using Matlab\ m-file software. The evaluations show that Evolutionary method Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm gives a much better response than trial and error method.
IT CONSUMERIZATION
Authors: Sadiku Matthew , Foreman Justin , Musa Sarhan
Published: May 2020

The concept of IT Consumerization has received a lot of attention since the introduction of Bring-Your-Own-Device (BYOD) management practice. It is using privately-owned ÌT resources such as devices or software for business purposes. It is a wave that no organization can afford to ignore. It seems unstoppable or inevitable because of the proliferation of tablets, laptops, smartphones, cloud storage, social tools, and mobile apps in the workplace. Using the same technologies for both work and private life comes at a price. This paper provides a brief introduction to IT consumerization.
THE ANALYSIS OF WEBSITE SERVICE QUALITY OF PRABUMULIH REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL USING WEBQUAL 4.0 METHOD
Authors: Christian Andi , Suhartini  , Anggun Lestari Shella Dhika
Published: May 2020

This research was conducted to find out how big the contribution of Prabumulih Regional General Hospital’s website was by using Webqual 4.0 Method in which three indicators were involved, namely usability, information quality, and service interaction based on responses of the respondents, the employees of Prabumulih Regional General Hospital. The overall result was that users’ satisfaction was above the average of 1.00. Thus, service quality of Prabumulih Regional General Hospital’s website met the satisfaction of the respondents or considered good. The highest score was usability indicator with a value of 1.095. It was due to an interesting display and ease of interaction of the website. As for the indicator of information quality, the value was 1.090 because according to the respondents, information quality of the website was good. The last indicator with the lowest value was service interaction with a value of 1.085. The reason was due to low transaction security and poor communication.
ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE AND JOB SATISFACTION FOR GENERAL EDUCATION TEACHERS IN SULTANATE OF OMAN
Authors: Saied Al Hinai Rashid Bin
Published: May 2020

Teacher is considered as one of the most important bases upon which the educational system is based because he assumes the responsibility of preparing young children to be good citizens in the future, bringing them up on good manners and teaching them moral and noble values. So, the authorities concerned in the ministry of Education, in general and managers or head masters at schools in particular, must give due cares to create a more healthy atmosphere favorable to teachers while working at schools. This objective can be achieved through the principle of treating all teachers equally without discrimination and such treatment must be based upon justice. Moreover, they also must spare no effort to develop good working relation between them and the teachers from one hand and teachers with each other from the other hand.
Editorial
Authors: Nurcholis Waras
Published: May 2020

Puji dan syukur kami panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas rahmat dan hidayahNya, Jurnal Jamu Indonesia Volume 5 No 1 tahun 2020 dapat diterbitkan. Jurnal Jamu Indonesia merupakan media untuk diseminasi hasil penelitian yang berkaitan dengan jamu di Indonesia. Jamu telah dikenal lama penduduk Indonesia sebagai salah satu pengobatan. Berbagai tanaman di Indonesia sangat berpotensi sebagai jamu. Penelitian tanaman obat dari bagian daun, batang, dan rimpang tanaman telah banyak dilakukan dan terus berkembang.

Naskah dalam edisi ini terdapat lima artikel dengan kajian yang beragam. Artikel pertama mengkaji potensi ekstrak etanol dari tanaman daun keji beling (Sericocalyx crispus (L.) Bremek) sebagai penghambat aktivitas enzim  a-glukosidase termasuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap standarisasi mutu ekstrak. Pengujian khasiat antifertilitas dari ekstrak etanol, etil asetat, dan heksan daun papaya (Carica papaya L.) secara in vivo dengan hewan model tikus merupakan kajian pada artikel kedua. Ekstrak etanol berdasarkan artikel tersebut berpotensi sebagai antiinfertilitas. Artikel ketiga mengkaji fraksi etil asetat dari ampas tahu sebagai penurun glukosa darah dengan menggunakan hewan model ikan Zebra. Evaluasi teknik ekstraksi terhadap aktivitas antioksidan pada daun ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas) dan Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava) merupakan kajian pada artikel keempat. Artikel kelima melakukan kajian terhadap khasiat pre-klinis fraksi etil asetat ampas tahu dengan menggunakan hewan model yang diinduksi resisten insulin.

Redaksi mengucapkan terima kasih kepada seluruh penulis atas partisipasinya dalam berbagi hasil penelitiannya melalui publikasi di Jurnal Jamu Indonesia. Redaksi juga mengucapkan terima kasih kepada seluruh reviewer atas partisipasinya dalam meningkatkan kualitas tulisan naskah jurnal di edisi ini. Semua hasil karya tersebut akan diarsipkan sebagai dokumentasi berharga demi terjaganya informasi yang dapat menjadi sumber pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan di masa depan. Kontribusi publikasi peneliti-peneliti dan pejuang Jamu Indonesia terus kami harapkan untuk dapat disampaikan di dalam Jurnal Jamu Indonesia ini. Peningkatan kontribusi jumlah dan kualitas tulisan yang telah dan akan dimasukkan akan dapat membantu pengembangan jurnal ini, dan pada saatnya diharapkan juga dapat menjadikan Jurnal Jamu Indonesia menjadi referensi baik secara nasional, maupun internasional.
UJI KUALITAS ORGANOLEPTIK DAN KADAR SERAT PADA PRODUK PANGAN JELLY DRINK BERBAHAN DASAR BUAH AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr) SERTA IMPLIKASINYA PADA MASYARAKAT TANIWEL
Authors: Aliputty Aprilya Claudia , Leiwakabessy Fredy , Pattipeilohy Merry
Published: May 2020

Background: Sugar palm plants (Arenga pinnata MERR) are plants that have great potential in terms of food shortages. Currently the main product of the palm sugar plantations is the sap of tapping male flowers made of palm sugar, sageru, vinegar and alcoholic drinks. In addition, all parts of the palm treeare useful and can be used for a variety of needs, ranging from roots, stems, leaves, fibers, and the results of their production are roomie, flour and fruit. This study aims to determine the organoleptic quality and jelly fiber content of drinks made from palm fruit (Arenga pinnata Merr).

Methods: This study uses a gravimetric method to determine the levels of fiber in jelly drinks and hedonic methods to test organoleptics.

Results: Based on the results of the analysis it can be concluded that the levels of jelly fiber drinks made from palm fruit are different. In the U-I test code the fiber content was 0,3446 while in the U-II test code it was 0,3127. Organoleptic test on jelly drink made from palm fruit showed the average for color parameters of 3, taste of 4.8, texture of 4.9, and suppleness of 4.5. This research is implied in the form of leaflets to the Taniwel community.

Conclusion: The levels of jelly fiber drinks made from palm fruit are different. Organoleptic testing was carried out by 20 panelists who had tested the parameters of color, taste, texture and suppleness
IDENTIFIKASI PENGUATAN NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MELALUI BERPIKIR KRITIS GURU BIOLOGI PADA SISWA KELAS XI MAN AMBON
Authors: Johanis Hanisu , Rehena F , Tuaputty Hasan , Rumahlatu Dominggus
Published: May 2020

Background: The teacher holds an important role in developing and strengthening the education of students' character in a Biology learning process. The character of the teacher is one of the factors that must be developed in the curriculum. Critical thinking includes character and skills which are two things that can not be separated in a person.

Method: This research was conducted in July-August 2018, using a questionnaire distribution method of 60 students and interviews with the head of MAN, deputy head of curriculum, Biology teacher, religion teacher, BK teacher and Committee teacher.

Results: This study shows the character of Biology teachers towards class XI students including the Good category, strengthening the character education of students in the bad category, and critical thinking of Biology teachers in the good category, and the relationship of the character of the Biology teacher.

Conclusion: Strengthening the value of student character education has a strong relationship that is with a value of 0.867.
PERPADUAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STUDENT FACILITATOR AND EXPLAINING DENGAN COURES REVIEW HORAY DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMP NEGERI 7 AMBON
Authors: YangLera Reni S , Rehena J F , Tuapattinaya P M. J
Published: May 2020

Background: In an effort to improve Biology learning outcomes at school, teachers need to apply learning models that enable students to achieve these needs. One learning model used by researchers is the Student Facilitator and Explaining learning model combined with the Coures Review Horay model. Student Facilitator and Explaining makes students as facilitators, namely providing opportunities for students to explain or convey ideas to other students. While Coures Review Horay asks students to write answers to questions on a given card that has a number.

Method: This research includes descriptive research and analysis used to determine the effectiveness of the application of the model using manual analysis. The data source in this study was students of class VIII-1 SMP Negeri 7 Ambon with a total of 30 students.

Results: The application of the Student Facilitator And Explaining learning model combined with the Course Review Horay model can improve the learning outcomes of the Human Digestive System material in Grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 7 Ambon. This result is seen in the average value obtained at the final value of 79.70.

Conclusion: There are differences in learning outcomes before and after the implementation of the Student Facilitator and Explaining learning model combined with the Coures Review Horay model in the Human Digestive System material.
The Reception of the Council of Nicaea by Ethnic Minorities in the Eastern Roman Empire
Authors: Frenkel Luise Marion
Published: May 2020

The continuity and recognition enjoyed by communities which identified themselves with notions condemned in fourth- and fifth-century church councils can be related to the concomitant and interrelated processes of consolidation of historiographic narratives about Christian synods, their materialisation in imperial monuments and texts, and the cultural acceptance of theological and political values and categories. Focusing on the Council of Nicaea, the paper reviews the continuous presence of local Arian communities in Constantinople until the seventh century and the use of “Arian” liturgies in the East. The criteria of orthodoxy are examined in the light of the variant readings of the Ekthesis of the Didascalia CCXVIII Patrum Nicaenum and the prayers attributed to Serapion of Thmuis.
Origene e i suoi sostenitori nei Concili: un ammonimento per la Dogmengeschichte
Authors: Maspero Giulio
Published: May 2020

In order to approach the Origenist crises through the category of “minority”, some remarks are needed. It is necessary to avoid any anachronistic projection of modern understanding on the past. But, at the same time, the epistemological challenge could be useful to go beyond historicism in contemporary Dogmengeschichte. The condemnation of Origenism in the mark of the 2nd Council of Constantinople, in fact, presents a deep difference with respect to the Three Chapters issue. The main question at stake was not merely the Emperor’s ecclesiastical politics in view of the unity of the Empire and of the Church. Having recourse to Christian Gnilka’s categories, it can be shown that the 6th century condemnations were the krisis of a chrêsis, that is a judgement on the use of Origen in (Evagrian) monasticism of that time.