bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of MicroRNA-103a Targeting ADAM10 in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Jiao Tong , Yao Ye , Zhang Bo , Hao Da-Cheng , Sun Qing-Feng , Li Jing-Bo , Yuan Chao , Jing Bao , Wang Yun-Peng , Wang Hai-Yang
Published: March 2017

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are deregulated in various vascular ailments including abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). MiR-103 is involved in vascular, metabolic, and malignant diseases, but whether it participates in the pathogenesis of AAA remains elusive. ADAM10 plays a vital role in the formation of aneurysm, but whether miRs modulate its activity during AAA formation is totally unknown. In this study, we detected the significantly increased protein expression of ADAM10 in angiotensin II induced murine AAA specimens, while the mRNA expression of ADAM10 was similar between AAA and control, suggesting the posttranscriptional regulation. The ADAM10 specific inhibitor GI254023X dramatically reduced the macrophage infiltration of murine abdominal aorta. Bioinformatic predictions suggest that ADAM10 is the target of miR-103a/107 but the binding site is exclusive. At the cellular level, miR-103a-1 suppressed the protein expression of ADAM10, while antisense miR-103a-1 increased its expression. Particularly, with the progression of murine AAA, the mRNA expression of miR-103a/107 substantially decreased and the protein expression of ADAM10 greatly increased. Together, our data afford the new insight that miR-103a inhibited AAA growth via targeting ADAM10, which might be a promising therapeutic strategy to alleviate AAA.
Semantic Interoperability in Heterogeneous IoT Infrastructure for Healthcare
Authors: Jabbar Sohail , Ullah Farhan , Khalid Shehzad , Khan Murad , Han Kijun
Published: March 2017

Interoperability remains a significant burden to the developers of Internet of Things’ Systems. This is due to the fact that the IoT devices are highly heterogeneous in terms of underlying communication protocols, data formats, and technologies. Secondly due to lack of worldwide acceptable standards, interoperability tools remain limited. In this paper, we proposed an IoT based Semantic Interoperability Model (IoT-SIM) to provide Semantic Interoperability among heterogeneous IoT devices in healthcare domain. Physicians communicate their patients with heterogeneous IoT devices to monitor their current health status. Information between physician and patient is semantically annotated and communicated in a meaningful way. A lightweight model for semantic annotation of data using heterogeneous devices in IoT is proposed to provide annotations for data. Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a semantic web framework that is used to relate things using triples to make it semantically meaningful. RDF annotated patients’ data has made it semantically interoperable. SPARQL query is used to extract records from RDF graph. For simulation of system, we used Tableau, Gruff-6.2.0, and Mysql tools.
Research on Multiaircraft Cooperative Suppression Interference Array Based on an Improved Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Huan , Yang Rennong , Sun Changyue , Han Haiyan
Published: March 2017

For the problem of multiaircraft cooperative suppression interference array (MACSIA) against the enemy air defense radar network in electronic warfare mission planning, firstly, the concept of route planning security zone is proposed and the solution to get the minimum width of security zone based on mathematical morphology is put forward. Secondly, the minimum width of security zone and the sum of the distance between each jamming aircraft and the center of radar network are regarded as objective function, and the multiobjective optimization model of MACSIA is built, and then an improved multiobjective particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the model. The decomposition mechanism is adopted and the proportional distribution is used to maintain diversity of the new found nondominated solutions. Finally, the Pareto optimal solutions are analyzed by simulation, and the optimal MACSIA schemes of each jamming aircraft suppression against the enemy air defense radar network are obtained and verify that the built multiobjective optimization model is corrected. It also shows that the improved multiobjective particle swarm optimization algorithm for solving the problem of MACSIA is feasible and effective.
Posterior Cord Syndrome and Trace Elements Deficiency as an Uncommon Presentation of Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Authors: Silva Macedo Yuri , dos Santos Mota Ananda , Morais Monteiro Priscila , Carvalho Angela Cristina Gouvêa , Fernandes Diniz Barbara , Gemal Lanzieri Pedro , Carneiro Ramos Ricardo , Mocarzel Luis Otavio , Gismondi Ronaldo Altenburg
Published: March 2017

Diarrhea is one of the most common symptoms in common variable immunodeficiency, but neurologic manifestations are rare. We presented a 50-year-old woman with recurrent diarrhea and severe weight loss that developed a posterior cord syndrome. Endoscopy found a duodenal villous blunting, intraepithelial lymphocytosis, and lack of plasma cells and magnetic resonance imaging of the spine was normal. Laboratory assays confirmed common variable immunodeficiency syndrome and showed low levels of trace elements (copper and zinc). Treatment was initiated with parenteral replacement of trace elements and intravenous human immunoglobulin and the patient improved clinically. In conclusion, physicians must be aware that gastrointestinal and neurologic disorders may be related to each other and remember to request trace elements laboratory assessment.
Exploring the Linkage between Activity-Friendly Zoning, Inactivity, and Cancer Incidence in the United States
Authors: Nicholson Lisa M. , Leider Julien , Chriqui Jamie F.
Published: March 2017

Background: Physical activity (PA) protects against cancer and enhances cancer survivorship. Given high inactivity rates nationwide, population-level physical activity facilitators are needed. Several authoritative bodies have recognized that zoning and planning helps create activity-friendly environments. This study examined the association between activity-friendly zoning, inactivity, and cancer in 478 of the most populous U.S. counties.

Methods: County geocodes linked county-level data: cancer incidence and smoking (State Cancer Profiles), inactivity (Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System), 11 zoning measures (compiled by the study team), and covariates (from the American Community Survey and NAVTEQ). For each zoning measure, single mediation regression models and Sobel tests examined whether activity-friendly zoning was associated with reduced cancer incidence, and whether inactivity mediated those associations. All models were clustered on state with robust SEs and significance at the P < 0.05 level.

Results: Zoning for crosswalks, bike–pedestrian connectivity, and bike–pedestrian trails/paths were associated with reduced cancer incidence (β between −0.71 and −1.27, P < 0.05), about 1 case per 100,000 for each 10 percentage-point increase in county population exposure to zoning. Except for crosswalks, each association was mediated by inactivity. However, county smoking attenuated these results, with only crosswalks remaining significant. Results were similar for males (with zoning for bike–pedestrian connectivity, street connectivity, and bike–pedestrian trails/paths), but not females, alone.

Conclusions: Zoning can help to create activity-friendly environments that support decreased inactivity, and possibly reduced cancer incidence.

Impact: Given low physical activity levels nationwide, cross-sectoral collaborations with urban planning can inform cancer prevention and public health efforts to decrease inactivity and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(4); 578–86. ©2017 AACR.

See all the articles in this CEBP Focus section, “Geospatial Approaches to Cancer Control and Population Sciences.”
Vascular Pathology of Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury of Rat Small Intestine
Authors: Gordeeva Alina E. , Sharapov Mars G. , Tikhonova Irina V. , Chemeris Nikolay K. , Fesenko Evgeniy E. , Novoselov Vladimir I. , Temnov Andrey A.
Published: March 2017

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of the small intestine caused by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery affects the intestinal tissue as well as components of the blood circulatory system from the microvasculature to mesenteric vessels. The aim of this work was to study the correlation between the dynamics of destruction development in the intestinal tissue, microvasculature, and mesenteric vessels in I/R of the small intestine. The microvasculature was analyzed by whole-organ continuous monitoring of the intestinal mucosal blood perfusion by laser Doppler flowmetry during the entire I/R. Real-time RT-PCR was used to assess gene expression of NF-κB, caspase-3, Ki67, and TNF-α in blood vessels. At the start of reperfusion, the first targets to be disrupted are microvessels in the apical villi. Injury of the apical part of the microcirculatory bloodstream correlates with the reduction in intestinal mucosal blood perfusion, which occurred simultaneously with apical villous destruction. By the end of the reperfusion period, the low intestinal mucosal blood perfusion is mirrored by the destruction of the microvasculature and mucosal structures in the entire organ. The development of mesenteric vessel injury is characterized by a change in NO metabolism and damaged endothelial cells concomitant with an alteration in the expression of genes encoding NF-κB, caspase-3, and Ki67 by the end of the reperfusion period. In I/R injury, detrimental effects on the intestinal tissue, microvasculature, and mesenteric vessels develop and exhibit common mechanisms of function, which show strong correlations.
Other Persons: On the Phenomenology of Interpersonal Experience in Schizophrenia (Ancillary Article to EAWE Domain 3)
Authors: Stanghellini Giovanni , Ballerini Massimo , Mancini Milena
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we discuss the philosophical and psychopathological background of Domain 3, Other persons, of the Examination of Anomalous World Experiences (EAWE). The EAWE interview aims to describe the manifold phenomena of the schizophrenic lifeworld in all of their concrete and distinctive features, thus complementing a more abstract, symptom-focused approach. Domain 3, Other persons, focuses specifically on subjectively experienced interpersonal disturbances that may be especially common in schizophrenia. The aim of this domain, as with the rest of the EAWE, is to provide clinicians and researchers with a systematic orientation toward, or knowledge of, patients' experiences, so that the experiential universe of schizophrenia can be clarified in terms of the particular feel, meaning, and value it has for the patient. To help provide a context for EAWE Domain 3, Other persons, we propose a definition of “intersubjectivity” (IS) and “dissociality.” The former is the ability to understand other persons, that is, the basis of our capacity to experience people and social situations as meaningful. IS relies both on perceptive- intuitive as well as cognitive-computational resources. Dissociality addresses the core psychopathological nucleus characterizing the quality of abnormal IS in persons with schizophrenia and covers several dimensions, including disturbances of both perceptive-intuitive and cognitive-computational capacities. The most typical perceptive-intuitive abnormality is hypoattunement, that is, the lack of interpersonal resonance and difficulties in grasping or immediately understanding others' mental states. The most characteristic cognitive-computational anomaly is social hyperreflexivity, especially an algorithmic conception of sociality (an observational/ethological attitude aimed to develop an explicit, often rule-based personal method for participating in social transactions). Other anomalous interpersonal experiences, such as emotional and behavioral responses to others, are also discussed in relation to this core of dissociality.
Cognitive Predictors of Everyday Problem Solving across the Lifespan
Authors: Chen Xi , Hertzog Christopher , Park Denise C.
Published: March 2017

Background: An important aspect of successful aging is maintaining the ability to solve everyday problems encountered in daily life. The limited evidence today suggests that everyday problem solving ability increases from young adulthood to middle age, but decreases in older age. Objectives: The present study examined age differences in the relative contributions of fluid and crystallized abilities to solving problems on the Everyday Problems Test (EPT). We hypothesized that due to diminishing fluid resources available with advanced age, crystallized knowledge would become increasingly important in predicting everyday problem solving with greater age. Method: Two hundred and twenty-one healthy adults from the Dallas Lifespan Brain Study, aged 24-93 years, completed a cognitive battery that included measures of fluid ability (i.e., processing speed, working memory, inductive reasoning) and crystallized ability (i.e., multiple measures of vocabulary). These measures were used to predict performance on EPT. Results: Everyday problem solving showed an increase in performance from young to early middle age, with performance beginning to decrease at about age of 50 years. As hypothesized, fluid ability was the primary predictor of performance on everyday problem solving for young adults, but with increasing age, crystallized ability became the dominant predictor. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that everyday problem solving ability differs with age, and, more importantly, that the processes underlying it differ with age as well. The findings indicate that older adults increasingly rely on knowledge to support everyday problem solving, whereas young adults rely almost exclusively on fluid intelligence.
Conjunctival Blue Naevus in an Anophthalmic Socket
Authors: Quhill Hibba , Rundle Paul A. , Mudhar Hardeep Singh
Published: March 2017

Purpose of the Study: To describe an unusual brown pigmented lesion of the conjunctiva in an anophthalmic socket in a 16-year-old male. Procedures: A 16-year-old male patient presented with socket irritation whilst wearing an artificial eye due to meibomian gland dysfunction. An area of flat, subepithelial, dark brown pigmentation with irregular and indistinct borders on the bulbar conjunctiva of the anophthalmic socket was seen. The patient believed it had been present for at least 2 years. His past ocular history was of childhood trauma to the right eye at the age of 9 years, and he underwent primary enucleation and hydroxyapatite orbital implant insertion at that time. Unfortunately, the implant extruded and was removed a year later. Results: An incisional biopsy of the pigmented lesion showed a conjunctival, subepithelial bland spindle cell melanocytic lesion, with uniform-sized and -shaped melanosomes. Immunohistochemistry showed the cells to express Melan A and HMB45 and they were negative for CD68 and pan-cytokeratins. The features were of a common blue naevus. Conclusion: This is the first documentation of a post-enucleation conjunctival naevus in an anophthalmic socket. We propose a pathogenesis and suggest surveillance as there is a risk of transformation to melanoma.
Contribuições do modelo Means-End Chain para retroalimentação de dados em empreendimentos habitacionais de interesse social
Authors: De Bitencourt Monteiro Deyvid Aléx , Gomes Miron Luciana Inês
Published: March 2017

Avaliações pós-ocupação (APO) têm sido desenvolvidas buscando investigar a qualidade do produto “habitação de interesse social” que está sendo entregue aos usuários. No entanto, a reincidência dos problemas identificados tem evidenciado que as informações obtidas por meio dessas avaliações não têm sido consideradas para a melhoria de futuros empreendimentos. Dentre os principais fatores relacionados a essa problemática tem sido apontados: a falta de envolvimento das instituições responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento das edificações no processo de avaliação, dificuldades na disseminação dos resultados das avaliações para os potenciais usuários dessas informações, assim como a necessidade de técnicas de avaliação mais adequadas para a retroalimentação. Na busca de melhores resultados para a retroalimentação de dados, outras áreas do conhecimento têm sido elencadas às APOs, tais como a do marketing. Essa área, a qual ancora conceitos e abordagens na psicologia, oferece modelos e técnicas que permitem uma compreensão mais aprofundada sobre a percepção dos usuários. O modelo Means-end Chain (Cadeia de Meios-fim) possibilita a explicitação da hierarquia de valor percebido, a qual conecta aos atributos mais concretos aos elementos mais abstratos e emocionais presentes na estrutura cognitiva dos usuários. O objetivo deste artigo é propor contribuições para a retroalimentação de dados resultantes de avaliações de empreendimentos habitacionais por meio da utilização do Modelo de Cadeias de Meios-fim. A população-alvo desta pesquisa faz parte do empreendimento habitacional de interesse social (EHIS) Bela Vista pertencente ao Programa Integrado Entrada da Cidade, em Porto Alegre/RS. O processo de pesquisa envolveu a construção do questionário, planejamento amostral, coleta e análise de dados. O Modelo de Cadeias de Meios-fim foi operacionalizado por meio da técnica laddering cujo resultado é representado pelo mapeamento hierárquico de valor (MHV). As principais contribuições desta pesquisa estão relacionadas: ao uso de modelos e técnicas de avaliação provenientes da área de marketing, as quais possibilitaram explicitar e estruturar por meio de MHV os diferentes níveis de abstração presentes na percepção dos usuários; à inserção de alguns dos potenciais utilizadores das informações para a retroalimentação no processo de avaliação e à apresentação dos resultados em um dispositivo que resume uma grande quantidade de informações e potencializa a retroalimentação.
Voltando a Baudelaire, "Les Chats" [Os Gatos]
Authors: Zilberberg Claude
Published: March 2017

A hipótese tensiva, ao postular a centralidade do affeto na economia geral da geração do sentido, assinala as composições pertinentes nas quais se combinam, no entrecruzamento do sensível e do inteligível, uma valência intensiva (forte vs. fraco) e uma valência extensiva (concentrado vs. difuso). Na década de 1960, o soneto "Les Chats" [Os Gatos] de Charles Baudelaire (Les Fleurs du mal) foi objeto de uma análise, desde então clássica, empreendida por Roman Jakobson e Claude Lévi-Strauss, em que se esclarecia a virtude heurística da tensão entre a metonímia e a metáfora. Embora a interpretação desses mestres tenha conservado todo seu alcance, sob muitos aspectos exemplar, é possível acrescentar-lhe outras leituras. Desejamos demonstrar, em nossa própria escala, que o singular devir desse poema procede da tensão entre os valores de absoluto (forte intensidade e extensidade concentrada) e os valores de universo (fraca intensidade e extensidade difusa). Essas composições podem ser vistas como as resultantes respectivas das operações de triagem e de mistura. Para falar com maior precisão, esse patamar de análise de "Os Gatos" mostra uma conversão axiológica, de tal forma que os valores de absoluto, predominantes nos tercetos, vêm substituir os valores de universo prevalecentes nas quadras.
Não espere mamãe mandar: a publicidade disciplinar e a linguagem publicitária no Século XX.
Authors: Domingues Izabela
Published: March 2017

Este artigo procura entender como a publicidade busca atuar sobre os corpos e as mentes dos consumidores e cidadãos como um dispositivo de moldagem e de modulação de condutas, posturas e reações para, muito além de comunicar e vender, controlar seus públicos-alvo, através de mensagens capazes de disciplinarem os sujeitos a partir da identidade ou identificação, pelo adestramento, ou ainda, apelo ao risco ou medo. Para tanto, utiliza a técnica da análise do discurso a fim de melhor perceber tais questões e intervir, a partir das reflexões propostas, neste plano coletivo de forças.
Theodoro Sampaio, o Código Sanitário do Estado de São Paulo de 1894 e as exigências da modernidade
Authors: Costa Luiz Augusto Maia
Published: March 2017

O presente artigo busca relacionar as questões sanitárias no mundo ocidental (a partir da antiguidade até a contemporaneidade) com o que Freud definiu como as exigências da modernidade, isto é, ordem, higiene e beleza, a fim de estabelecer subsídios para a compreensão do Código Sanitário do Estado de São Paulo de 1894 como uma manifestação da modernidade engendrada a partir da Segunda Revolução Industrial. Defende que o referido Código contou, direta ou indiretamente, com a participação do engenheiro Theodoro Sampaio. Sendo assim, entendemos que a urbanística que então era forjada estava diretamente ligada ao próprio processo civilizatório típico do Ocidente.
A questão da água para o abastecimento na cidade de São Paulo: as contribuições da família Paula Souza
Authors: Campos Cristina de
Published: March 2017

As cidades brasileiras passam por profundas transformações em suas estruturas urbanas em fins do século XIX. Pretende-se aqui explanar sobre a participação de profissionais na formulação de propostas aos problemas postos, tomando como exemplo a atuação da família Paula Souza. Em momentos distintos, o engenheiro Antonio Francisco de Paula Souza e o médico Geraldo Horácio de Paula Souza atuaram pelo saneamento da cidade de São Paulo, mais precisamente, sobre questões relativas ao abastecimento público de água. A intenção do artigo é ressaltar a complexidade dos problemas urbanos enfrentados à época pela inexistência de uma rede de infraestrutura adequada.
Produção de cidade como projeto coletivo: a ação habitacional do Instituto dos Industriários (1937-1960)
Authors: Botas Nilce Cristina Aravecchia
Published: March 2017

Na perspectiva de debater a relação entre autoria e trabalho coletivo, este artigo traz questões sobre a ação de engenheiros e de arquitetos no âmbito das transformações do Estado a partir de 1930 no Brasil. A análise específica da conformação da Divisão de Engenharia do Instituto de Aposentadoria e Pensões dos Industriários (IAPI) busca divisar as principais ideias e as ações da produção habitacional das décadas de 1940 e 1950, para entender como os debates específicos do campo disciplinar da arquitetura e do urbanismo estiveram vinculados às dinâmicas de integração do país no sistema capitalista.
O desenho como uma questão epistemológica: Rui Barbosa e John Ruskin
Authors: Amaral Claudio Silveira
Published: March 2017

A intenção deste artigo é estabelecer uma relação entre as propostas da Política do Ensino do Desenho e da Política de Industrialização, ambas de autoria do polímata (jurista, político, diplomata, escritor, filólogo, tradutor e orador) Rui Barbosa (1849-1923) e influenciadas por suas leituras dos escritos assinados pelo crítico de arte inglês John Ruskin (1819-1900). Para Rui Barbosa, assim como para John Ruskin o desenho é uma questão epistemológica.
Entrevista com John Friedmann
Authors: Chiquito Elisângela de Almeida
Published: March 2017

Entrevista em Vancouver, CA, em 8 de junho de 2015. Tradução: Amanda Saba Ruggiero. Revisão: Elisângela de Almeida Chiquito.
Expectations of the pediatric intensive care unit team for the clinical pharmacist performance
Authors: Ungari Andrea Q. , Pereira Laura M. V. , Aragon Davi C. , Abramovicius Alexandra C. , Penna Ana T. A. , Reis Débora A. , Malfará Márcia R. M. , Sato Talita C. , Forster Aldaísa C. , Carlott Ana Paula C. P.
Published: March 2017

Objective: We aimed to know the expectations of a pediatric intensive care unit staff for the activities to be undertaken by the clinical pharmacist, in order to plan her work along with the multidisciplinary team. Study design: A cross-sectional study, involving the multidisciplinary team of the pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary-care university hospital. Method: A self-completion questionnaire containing questions regarding expectations of the pediatric intensive care unit staff for the role of the clinical pharmacist in the multidisciplinary team was applied to the team members, using a Likert-type scale response. Results: The nursing assistants/technicians and physiotherapists showed higher expectation for issues related to administration of medications; for nurses, the expectation for the clinical pharmacist performance focused on issues related to prescription drugs, such as evaluation of antibiotic therapy, while physicians considered most important information on drug therapy, as notification of allergies related to drugs, information on period of validity of medicines and evaluation of drug administration by gastric or enteral tubes. Conclusions: Team expectations varied according to the needs and routine of each professional category. The results of this study have contributed to implementation of the clinical pharmacy service in a Brazilian pediatric intensive care unit
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum, Hamman syndrome: case report
Authors: Coelho Júnior Luilson Geraldo , Figueiredo Estevão Tavares de , Haesbaert Cristian Machado
Published: March 2017

Pneumomediastinum is defined as free air or gas within the mediastinum, and in case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum there is no evidence of trauma, invasive procedures or previously diagnosed lung diseases. Spontaneous emphysema is a rare condition at urgent care centers. Hammam’s syndrome or spontaneous pneumomediastinum is more frequent in young adults. The more frequent symptoms are chest pain and dyspnea. Hammam’s sign, a pathognomonic sign of mediastinal emphysema, is a crunching, rasping sound, synchronous with heartbeat, heard over the precordium. Pneumomediastinum is diagnosed with the aid of chest X-rays and chest CT scans. It is usually a benign self-limited condition. Treatment is conservative and symptom alleviating. The purpose of this study was to describe a case of Hammam’s syndrome and the importance of clinical evaluation and early diagnosis of this disease
Precipitação na bacia amazônica e sua associação à variabilidade da temperatura da superfície dos oceanos Pacífico e Atlântico: uma revisão
Authors: Limberger Leila , Silva Maria Elisa Siqueira
Published: March 2017

Estudos sobre variabilidade climática caracterizam-se como de grande importância para os estudos geográficos já que os extremos climáticos afetam diretamente as condições socioambientais. O presente estudo visa apresentar pesquisas já desenvolvidas sobre a variabilidade climática da chuva na bacia amazônica brasileira, dos oceanos adjacentes e sobre a inter-relação entre eles, com o objetivo de apresentar o estado da arte acerca do tema e contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estudos da área na ciência geográfica. O principal fenômeno que afeta a variabilidade da chuva na bacia amazônica é o ENOS, contribuindo para períodos mais secos quando da sua fase quente e períodos mais úmidos quando de sua fase fria. Também o Atlântico desempenha papel importante na variabilidade da precipitação, especialmente por modular o posicionamento da ZCIT e o transporte de umidade para a bacia amazônica. Artigos apresentados destacam também a importância de se compreender a retroalimentação entre os fenômenos que se desenvolvem no Pacífico e Atlântico, demonstrando que se trata de processos altamente acoplados e de grande complexidade, tanto no seu funcionamento quanto nos efeitos que causam na hidrologia da bacia amazônica. Pode-se concluir que as teleconexões entre a temperatura da superfície do mar e a variabilidade das chuvas na bacia amazônica constituem um tema de grande pertinência e que várias lacunas do conhecimento ainda precisam ser preenchidas.
A produção social do espaço e a relação cidade-rio na ribeira de Marabá-PA: modernização, conflitos e resistências
Authors: Lima Michel De Melo
Published: March 2017

Este artigo discute a relação cidade-rio na Amazônia a partir de um estudo de caso: o processo de modernização da orla fluvial da cidade de Marabá. Analisa a produção social do espaço, os conflitos de territorialidades e a resistência à dinâmica regional da recente modernização capitalista da Amazônia e de Marabá, levando em conta as especificidades locais da relação/interação econômica, funcional e simbólico-cultural dos diferentes agentes/grupos com os rios Tocantins e Itacaiunas. Mostra que, mesmo diante dos processos modernizantes previstos e executados (construção do calçadão, do cais de arrimo, de pontes, vias, portos, hidrelétrica etc.) na cidade, permanece residualmente o modo de vida ribeirinho em sua orla fluvial, principalmente nos espaços de identidade e de vivência ribeirinha.
“A tua mais completa tradução”: uma escola, uma região e uma interlocutora
Authors: Trindade Júnior Saint-Clair Cordeiro
Published: March 2017

A Escola Uspiana de Geografia (EUG) tem se destacado, dentre outras razões, por lançar olhares interpretativos sobre diversas regiões brasileiras e sul-americanas, a exemplo do espaço amazônico, ao sistematizar uma compreensão particularizada sobre esta região. No interior dessa escola, vários têm sido os interlocutores que proporcionam um profícuo diálogo entre pesquisadores que estudam a Amazônia e o pensamento geográfico desenvolvido na Universidade de São Paulo (USP).  Tendo em vista a importância desse pensamento, o presente trabalho busca considerar a contribuição da Professora Sandra Lencioni, uma das mais completas traduções daquilo que se faz e do que se produz no interior da EUG. Tal contribuição é destacada no presente artigo levando em conta tanto a sua produção intelectual, como também as orientações de teses e dissertações, que, à luz dos elementos que configuram o perfil da produção científica do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia Humana da USP, definem uma leitura geográfica sobre o espaço regional amazônico.
Da cidade industrial segregada à cidade pós-industrial fragmentada: reflexões sobre a (re) produção do espaço urbano na cidade de Pelotas/RS
Authors: Sá Britto Natalia Daniela Soares
Published: March 2017

O artigo versa sobre o processo de (re) produção do espaço urbano na cidade de Pelotas/RS, a partir da análise das ações e estratégias estabelecidas entre agentes públicos e privados na reconfiguração urbana, entre os anos de 2010 e 2014, destacando a fragmentação socioespacial acompanhada pelos fenômenos de centralização, suburbanização e periferização do tecido social e urbano. Como mediação teórica, a análise debruça-se sob os conteúdos e dinâmicas inerentes à transição da cidade industrial segregada, do século XX, para a cidade pós-industrial fragmentada, marcada pela ampliação do setor de serviços e comércio, assim como pela expansão do setor imobiliário.
A cidade e o campo no nuevo cine argentino: Mundo grua (1999) e a obra de Pablo Trapero
Authors: Uchôa Fábio Raddi , Taño Débora Regina
Published: March 2017

Este artigo questiona as presenças da cidade e do campo no nuevo cine argentino e, em particular, no filme Mundo grua, de Pablo Trapero. Acompanhando uma das tendências do período, nas obras do diretor nota-se uma reformulação de tais espaços, gradualmente associada a uma ênfase aos interstícios da sociedade. Após debater as noções de cidade e campo nas ciências humanas e no nuevo cine, sua configuração em Mundo grua será analisada em sintonia com a noção de paisagem, que abrange as relações estabelecidas entre personagens e espaços, bem como a coexistência de referenciais narrativos em práticas de fronteira. No filme em questão, nota-se um cotejo particular entre a tendência documentarizante, os fragmentos do road movie e uma construção criativa de não lugares, que aqui colaboram para a união da cidade e do campo como espaços de exploração do operário, com algum vislumbre utópico.
Indicadores nacionais sobre TIC e cultura: perspectiva qualitativa
Authors: Doretto Juliana
Published: March 2017

A pesquisa TIC Cultura, desenvolvida pelo CGI.br por meio do Cetic.br, tem como objetivo produzir indicadores e análises que possibilitem compreender como o acesso às tecnologias de informação e comunicação e os usos que se fazem delas modificam práticas culturais da população brasileira, e como as TIC estão sendo incorporadas pelos equipamentos culturais em sua rotina interna de funcionamento e também na relação com o público. Neste artigo, analisamos um recorte dos dados levantados na fase qualitativa do projeto, com enfoque nos jovens de 15-17 anos.
Coupling of Trade Winds with Ocean Circulation Damps ITCZ Shifts
Authors: Green Brian , Marshall John
Published: March 2017

The position of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is sensitive to the atmosphere’s hemispheric energy balance, lying in the hemisphere most strongly heated by radiative and turbulent surface energy fluxes. This study examines how the ocean circulation, through its cross-equatorial energy transport and associated surface energy fluxes, affects the ITCZ’s response to an imposed interhemispheric heating contrast in a coupled atmosphere–ocean general circulation model. Shifts of the ITCZ are strongly damped owing to a robust coupling between the atmosphere’s Hadley cells and the ocean’s subtropical cells by the trade winds and their associated surface stresses. An anomalous oceanic wind-driven cross-equatorial cell transports energy across the equator, strongly offsetting the imposed heating contrast. The circulation of this cell can be described by the combination of trade wind anomalies and the meridional gradient of sea surface temperature, which sets the temperature contrast between its upper and lower branches. The ability of the wind-driven ocean circulation to damp ITCZ shifts represents a previously unappreciated constraint on the atmosphere’s energy budget and indicates that the position of the ITCZ may be much less sensitive to interhemispheric heating contrasts than previously thought. Climatic implications of this damping are discussed.
Conditional Regard, Self-Concept, and Relational Authenticity: Revisiting Some Key Rogerian Concepts Cross-Culturally, Through Multilevel Modeling
Authors: Lynch Martin F. , Sheldon Kennon M.
Published: March 2017

The present cross-cultural study utilized contemporary statistical techniques to explore the associations among conditional regard, ideal and actual self-concept, and relational authenticity, constructs with deep roots in the Rogerian and humanistic traditions. In three countries (China, Russia, and the United States), the experience of conditional regard in past and present relationships predicted larger discrepancies between ideal and actual self-concept, and lower feelings of authenticity within relationships. Implications for the study of self-concept and the development of self, as well as for practice, are discussed.
A theoretical framework of the governance institutions of low-income housing in China
Authors: Deng Feng
Published: March 2017

This paper develops a theoretical framework for institutional analysis of the governance of low-income housing in the city. I focus on the provision of local public goods as a central issue for low-income housing. Factors that affect the governance structure from the efficiency perspective and the equity perspective, respectively, are explored. I argue that over-subsidisation is an important problem for income-redistribution institutions and, hence, public housing or social housing becomes an important form of governmental intervention in low-income housing. The framework is then applied to low-income housing in China. In particular, I analyse the governance structures of several major types of low-income housing including public rental housing, private low-income housing, work-unit compound and urban village.
Effects of Pride and Regret on Geriatric Depression: A Cross-Cultural Study With Mixed-Methods Approaches
Authors: Lee Othelia E. , Ryu Seungah
Published: March 2017

Pride and regret are self-conscious emotions that develop later in life and become a source of emotional struggle. This cross-cultural study examined the effect of the content and intensity of self-conscious emotions on Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) scores. Among a convenience sample of 234 older adults (130 in the United States and 104 in South Korea), the contents and intensities of both life regrets and pride were examined. Although a greater variety of regrets was cited by Americans, overall Korean respondents reported higher intensity of regret. Regrets that were related to leisure and addiction among Americans and health and career among Koreans were predictors of the GDS scores. Pride in leisure activities for Americans and altruism among Koreans could alleviate depression. While regrets and pride explained a small amount of the variance in the GDS scores, current life stressors greatly contributed to geriatric depression.
The New European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Definition of Malnutrition: Application for Nutrition Assessment and Prediction of Morbimortality in an Emergency Service
Authors: da Silva Fink Jaqueline , Marcadenti Aline , Rabito Estela Iraci , Silva Flávia Moraes
Published: March 2017

Background: Recently, the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) provided novel consensus criteria for malnutrition diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of this instrument in combination with different nutrition screening tools (1) to identify malnutrition and (2) to predict morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Materials and Methods: Observational prospective study in 750 adults admitted to the emergency service of a tertiary public hospital. Subjective Global Assessment (SGA—reference method) and the new ESPEN criteria were used to assess nutrition status of patients, who were initially screened for nutrition risk using 4 different tools. Outcome measures included length of hospital stay, occurrence of infection, and incidence of death during hospitalization, analyzed by logistic regression. Results: There was a lack of agreement between the SGA and ESPEN definition of malnutrition, regardless of the nutrition screening tool applied previously (κ = −0.050 to 0.09). However, when Malnutrition Screening Tool and Nutritional Risk Screening–2002 (NRS‐2002) were used as the screening tool, malnourished patients according to ESPEN criteria showed higher probability of infection (relative risk [RR], 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–2.31 and RR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.37–3.10, respectively), and when the NRS‐2002 was used, the risk for death was 2.7 times higher (hazard ratio, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.07–6.81) in malnourished patients than in well‐nourished patients. Conclusion: Although the new ESPEN criteria had a poor diagnostic value, it seems to be a prognostic tool among hospitalized patients, especially when used in combination with the NRS‐2002.
Influence of Dietitians in Preventing Parenteral Nutrition Prescription Errors in Children
Authors: Garg Millie , Swab Michael , Gibney Declan , Cohen Jennifer , Gupta Nitin , Ooi Chee Y.
Published: March 2017

Background: The purpose of this study is to determine whether direct involvement by dietitians in parenteral nutrition (PN) ordering resulted in a reduction in PN prescriptions errors. Methods: A prospective audit of PN prescriptions was undertaken at a pediatric hospital over 50 weeks. Prescriptions for PN that had dietitian involvement (dietitian group) were compared with prescriptions in which dietitians were not directly involved (nondietitian group). The number of total prescriptions, the number of prescriptions with errors, and the types of errors from both groups were recorded. Errors were classified into “dietitian‐preventable errors” and “nondietitian‐preventable errors.” Comparisons were made between prescriptions with and without errors, between dietitian‐preventable and nondietitian‐preventable errors, and between the dietitian and nondietitian groups per error type. Results: The total number of PN prescriptions was 725 (from 45 patients) and 471 (from 66 patients) for the dietitian and nondietitian groups, respectively. The nondietitian group was more likely than the dietitian group to prescribe PN incorrectly—18.0% (85 of 471) vs 12.4% (90 of 725; P = .007)—with the nondietitian group having 1.5‐times more PN prescriptions with errors (risk ratio = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1–1.9). The total number of prescription errors was 126 and 146 for the dietitian and nondietitian groups, respectively. The dietitian group was less likely than the nondietitian group to be associated with dietitian‐preventable errors: 65.9% (83 of 126) vs 87.0% (127 of 146; risk ratio = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1–1.5; P < .0001). Conclusion: Dietitian input into prescription of PN reduced the number of prescriptions with errors.
Key Features in the Success of SMEs: A Comparison of Service and Manufacturing
Authors: Larsen Povl , Lewis Alan , Brown Robert , Tonge Richard
Published: March 2017

The paper reports on part of the findings from a Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) research project that looked to analyse the strategic, design and accounting processes in medium-sized enterprises. A mail survey questionnaire was used to gather information on new product development drivers and strategic factors. The findings reported in this paper cover the factors responsible for current performance, the growth strategies concentrated on in the past, the key strategic product and market activities and the drivers of new product and service development. It concludes with a synopsis of the findings and a discussion on the implications for managers.
Monkey Business
Authors: Drummond Helga , Hodgson Julia
Published: March 2017

Management is synonymous with planning, order and control. This paper invokes the novel image of a chimpanzees' tea party to highlight the limitations of control-based approaches to managing and to suggest counter-intuitive possibilities.
Juggling Janus – Strategy for General Managers in an Age of Paradoxical Trends
Authors: Pitt Leyland F. , Schlegelmilch Bodo
Published: March 2017

Whereas trends in the modern age tended to be linear and unidirectional, the trends in our postmodern times are more likely to be paradoxical. Like the Roman god Janus, they have two faces, and are seldom simply positive or negative, or universally ‘good’ or ‘bad’. This article identifies and describes eight such trends, and looks at each of their ‘faces’. The trends include the growth in prosperity, free markets, population growth, global bliss and gloom, the power of multinationals, worldwide media reach, the age of brands, and the decline of service. We argue that simple applications of strategy might be inappropriate in the face of these paradoxical trends, and that firms will have to consider revolutionary changes to strategy in order to achieve strategic balance.
The Shared Management and Ownership of Corporate Brands: The Case of Hilton
Authors: Balmer John M. T. , Thomson Irene
Published: March 2017

The dual institutional ownership and management of corporate brands is an under-researched organisational phenomenon. The authors' examination of the Hilton hotel brand, during a period of joint ownership, revealed a discrepancy between brand promise and delivery. This failure is attributed to a narrow conceptualisation of corporate brand management: an undue emphasis on corporate identity; a failure to align corporate identity with the corporate brand covenant; undue prominence being accorded to the trappings of corporate branding (corporate communications and visual identity) and insufficient attention being given to the substance of corporate brand management (calibrating brand promise with brand quality, consistency and delivery). In theoretical terms it is concluded that there is bilateral dependence between corporate identity and corporate brand identity; they are mutually reliant. Whereas corporate brands have their roots in corporate identities, the management of corporate brands require the alignment of corporate identity/corporate identities with the corporate brand in a meaningful way. In practical terms, the authors aver that it is imperative that general managers make a distinction between corporate identity (the traits of both organisations) and the corporate brand identity (the promise/covenant that underpin a corporate brand): corporate brand management requires the orchestration of both. The phenomenon of the dual institutional ownership/ management of corporate brands requires the meaningful and dynamic calibration of three identity types: the corporate brand identity and the two corporate identities that own, and jointly manage, the corporate brand. Many of the difficulties experienced by the Hilton brand are attributable to a lack of appreciation of the aforementioned.
Managing SMEs' Survival from Financial Crisis in a Transition Economy: A Chaos Theory Approach
Authors: Le Nguyen Huu , Kock Sören
Published: March 2017

This paper builds a model to manage SMEs in turbulent environments using Chaos Theory. The empirical evidence was based on in-depth interviews with 25 business leaders of SMEs in the transition economy of Vietnam. The results revealed that to survive in turbulent environments, SMEs are required to quickly shift their businesses and strategic focuses, become involved in new businesses, be flexible and make innovative moves.
Reflections on the Client—Consultant Relationship: Challenges and Opportunities in a Context of Organisational Change
Authors: Belkhodja Omar , Karuranga Égide , Morin Guillaume Giasson
Published: March 2017

This paper investigates the determinants of success of the client-consultant relationship from the consultant's point of view. Ten consultants from various fields (e.g. change management, information technology, etc.) based in the province of Quebec in Canada were interviewed. They were asked to comment on issues relating to their roles in the consultancy project, expectations, and the determinants of success of the client–consultant relationship. Interview data were analysed using an interpretive frame. The research findings reveal that consultants perceive their contribution and role positively and perceive themselves as change agents and knowledge transmitters. Trust, active communication, and shared feedback were identified as the major determinants of success of the client–consultant relationship. The results support and help advance earlier research findings in the management consulting field. Consultants are conscious that a long-term relationship built on trust, active communication, and shared feedback, identified as major determinants of success in the client–consultant relationship, is essential. The qualitative findings of the study add to, and help support, earlier research findings on consultants' perception of their roles and contributions within client organisations.
The Impact of Foreginness on the Relationship between Gender and Entrepreneur Performance
Authors: Joardar Arpita
Published: March 2017

This paper examines the influence of the foreignness of an entrepreneur on the relationship between an entrepreneur's gender and business performance. It draws on current research on gender in entrepreneurship literature and foreignness, and argues that foreignness affects performance of men and women entrepreneurs differently. Data was collected from both domestic and foreign business owners in the US. The results suggest that while gender does not affect performance by itself, entrepreneur foreignness was found to have a moderating effect on the relationship between gender and performance. Theoretical implications of the findings for both entrepreneurship and foreignness literature, practical implications for potential investors, managers of overseas operations and policymakers, and future directions of the study are also discussed.