bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Damage on grapevine cv. Niagara Rosada leaves caused by the combined effect of temperature and Asian grapevine leaf rust (Neophysopella tropicalis)
Authors: Rasera Júlia B. , Appezzato‐da‐Glória Beatriz , Ribeiro Rafael V. , Nogueira‐Júnior Antônio F. , Amorim Lilian
Published: June 2023

Asian grapevine leaf rust (AGLR), caused by Neophysopella tropicalis, is a problem for viticulture, especially in latitudes lower than 25° S, which include the most significant production regions in Brazil. Climate change has raised new concerns in agriculture as temperature can affect the resistance of plants to pathogens. With the aim of understanding how air temperature rise affects the AGLR pathosystem, measurements of leaf gas exchange and epidemiological and histopathological analyses were carried out on control and inoculated leaves of Vitis labrusca ‘Niagara Rosada’ grown at 25°C and 30°C. The lesion density and rust severity were higher at 25°C than 30°C, and the ratio between adaxial surface necrosis and the abaxial surface area occupied by pustules was >1 only at 30°C, presenting a necrosis not associated to the pathogen lesion. In fact, leaf necrosis was identified on control plants kept at 30°C and associated with gerontoplasts, representing accelerated leaf senescence. The AGLR pathogen reduced gas exchange and photosystem II activities at 25°C, with no difference between control and inoculated plants at 30°C. Our results indicate that AGLR is sensitive to increasing air temperature. However, the accelerated leaf senescence caused by the combination of N. tropicalis infection and temperature on Niagara Rosada can lead to high leaf damage.
An R2R3 MYB transcription factor PsFLP regulates the symmetric division of guard mother cells during stomatal development in Pisum sativum
Authors: Ning Conghui , Yang Yating , Chen Qiyi , Zhao Weiyue , Zhou Xuan , He Liangliang , Li Laigeng , Zong Dan , Chen Jianghua
Published: June 2023

MYB transcriptional regulators belong to one of the most significant transcription factors families in plants, among which R2R3‐MYB transcription factors are involved in plant growth and development, hormone signal transduction, and stress response. Two R2R3‐MYB transcription factors, FLP and its paralogous AtMYB88, redundantly regulate the symmetrical division of guard mother cells (GMCs), and abiotic stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana. Only one orthologue gene of FLP was identified in pea (Pisum sativum FLP; PsFLP). In this study, we explored the gene function of PsFLP by virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology. The phenotypic analysis displayed that the silencing of PsFLP expression led to the abnormal development of stomata and the emergence of multiple guard cells tightly united. In addition, the abnormal stomata of flp could be fully rescued by PsFLP driven by the FLP promoter. In conclusion, the results showed that PsFLP plays a conservative negative role in regulating the symmetric division of GMC during stomatal development. Based on real‐time quantitative PCR, the relative expressions of AAO3, NCED3, and SnRK2.3 significantly increased in the flp pFLP::PsFLP plants compared to mutant, indicating that PsFLP might be involved in drought stress response. Thus, PsFLP regulates the genes related to cell cycle division during the stomatal development of peas and participates in response to drought stress. The study provides a basis for further research on its function and application in leguminous crop breeding.
A review on the effect of light–thermal–humidity environment in sow houses on sow reproduction and welfare
Authors: Ma Hongqiang , Xie Yue , Li Anying , Zhang Ting , Liu Yu , Luo Xinmei
Published: June 2023

The environment in sow houses is the key to restrict sow production due to its significant effect on sow growth and reproduction. In this article, the effect of light, thermal and light–thermal–humidity environment in sow houses is systematically reviewed for sow reproduction and welfare according to the existing literature. The results show the optimal ambient temperature range for sows is approximately 16–22°C, as well as the lowest and highest critical temperature are 16 and 27°C respectively. Meanwhile, the increase of relative humidity from 50% to 70% is equivalent to the increase of effective temperature by 0.9°C in sow houses. In addition, the evaluation indexes are summarized to the future research direction is proposed according to the reviewed results. It can be concluded that the current research mainly focuses on the effect mechanism of light–thermal–humidity environment on sow growth and reproductive performance, as well as the optimal regulation range of light–thermal–humidity environment. In particular, it is a popular topic to further study the effect of light–thermal–humidity environment on the genetic material of sows, as well as metabolic parameters and body composition of their offspring. The above conclusions can contribute to guiding the regulation of light–thermal–humidity environment in sow houses and improving the sow welfare.
Intimate mobilities—International (transnational) marriage and migration: Japanese marriage migrants floating between Japan and Korea
Authors: Takeda Atsushi
Published: June 2023

In the past decade, intense mobility within Asia has led to increased international marriage (kokusai kekkon) in the region. A growing number of scholars have explored this phenomenon—called the intimate part of Asia—with a focus on foreign brides from emerging economies. Concerning international marriage between Japanese and Koreans, most research focuses on the Korean wives of Japanese husbands who reside in Japan, and little research has been conducted on the Japanese wives of Korean husbands. In this study, the postmigration experiences of Japanese marriage migrant women in South Korea are explored. Semistructured interviews were conducted in Korea with 13 participants. Drawing on the interview data, this article elucidates the trajectories of Japanese marriage migrants, focusing on subjective elements. The participants' accounts demonstrate that their experiences were intertwined with the media, politics, gender roles, parenting ideologies, and family relations. Their various emotional responses underline the ways such factors have shaped their lives.
Imaging of post‐collisional deformations on the NE Tisza continental unit using ambient seismic noise: A case study from the Țicău area, Romania
Authors: Panea Ionelia , Draganov Deyan , Bouaru Catalin Florin , Munteanu Ioan
Published: June 2023

The Ţicău area (NW Romania) is part of the collisional zone between the Tisza and Dacia mega‐units. Imaging of Ţicău area's subsurface geological structure will contribute to the understanding of the processes, which controlled its tectonic evolution. Analysis of outcrops provides accurate information for the building of kinematic sections used to explain the small‐scale deformations of sedimentary formations, such as those developed south of the Ţicău mountains. Imaging of large‐scale deformations requires analysis of data recorded and/or measured over a wider area. We use Seismic Interferometry by cross‐correlation on ambient noise recorded along with a line located north of the Ţicău mountains. The passive seismic section obtained after virtual body‐wave reflections processing displays folded and faulted Paleogene formations, which are in good agreement with the observations on outcrops found to the south of the Ţicău mountains. The active‐source data recorded along with the same line are too noisy for interpretation.
Diorama—An Opening for Addressing the Global Challenges
Authors: Stenseke Marie
Published: June 2023

Throughout his academic life, Hägerstrand showed a genuine concern for global environmental challenges. In order to come to grips with detrimental environmental trends, he was seeking ways to better understand humanity's role in changing the face of the earth. The article Diorama, Path and Project marks the intensification of Hägerstrand's ambitions to draw a holistic framework for the integrated relations between humans, human society and the physical environment. Here, I reflect on Hägerstrand's thinking over the years since 1982, and how that relates to contemporary efforts to address sustainability challenges, from three overlapping questions: how to address complexity?; how to comprehend the materiality of humans?; and how to meet across disciplines?
HC EMISSION STABLE AND POWER OPTIMATION OF THE MOTORCYCLE LPG ENGINE BY HEAT TRANSFER TO THE INJECTOR
Authors: Thanh Tuan Nguyen , Tho Doan Phuoc
Published: June 2023

This study was conducted on a motorcycle engine that already has bi-fuel, with liquid phase LPG injection. However, when conducting experiments on the concentration of substances in the exhaust gas, the results show that the concentration of hydrocarbon in the tests has different effects. It is possible to see a sudden high hydrocarbon concentration at some point in time. Over time, the nozzle tip will gradually form ice around the nozzle due to LPG evaporation and heat collection. When forming large lumps, this ice will break off and move into the combustion chamber. A part of ice has not yet mixed with the air to create an explosive mixture, and the combustion process is not completed. The solution proposed is to use the method of heat transfer to the nozzle body by an electronic heating device. The experiment measured brake power at the wheel, fuel consumption, and concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas according to each controlled temperature to supply to the nozzle body. With this result, a suitable nozzle supply temperature is selected to ensure that the engine achieves the most optimal power and fuel consumption and eliminates the phenomenon of abnormal hydrocarbon concentration. From the test results, 30OC is the most suitable temperature when adjusting the heating device around the nozzle.
Trade Impediments in Indonesia
Authors: Suryanta Barli , Patunru Arianto Arif
Published: June 2023

This study investigates the effect of various types of trade impediments on Indonesia's trade flows. We categorize tariff measures, non-tariff measures (NTMs), and the lack of trade facilitation measures into at-the-border and behind-the-border barriers. A gravity model is applied to a panel dataset covering 177 of Indonesia's trade partners from 2007 to 2016. This study shows that Indonesia's trade protection remains high, particularly due to the increasing use of NTMs. Furthermore, the lack of trade facilitation also contributes to increasing trade costs, particularly those associated with trade logistics and administration. We also demonstrate why feasible generalized least square is preferable to ordinary least squares and pseudo-Poisson maximum likelihood when estimating a gravity model using panel data that are auto-correlated and contain a large number of zero observations.
Civilización y violencia: la búsqueda de la identidad en el siglo XIX en Colombia
Authors: Rojas Cristina
Published: June 2023

A primera vista, la civilización y la violencia parecen conceptos opuestos. De hecho, podría pensarse que la violencia evita los avances de la civilización, con lo que se explicaría por qué en ciertos países, como los del denominado “tercer mundo”, parece haber una correlación entre un bajo desarrollo económico, político, cultural y social y altos niveles de inseguridad, conflicto y mortandad. Sin embargo, este libro plantea que estos conceptos no son necesariamente antagónicos, sino que, de hecho, en el siglo XIX colombiano, se entremezclaron y se apoyaron mutuamente. Para demostrarlo, aborda la trama cultural de las violencias de ese momento histórico y problematiza la racionalidad de la dominación que legitimó muchas de las formas de exclusión de las poblaciones negras, indígenas y de las mujeres en estas comunidades.
Reshape of the Bistable and Multistable Properties of Conical Structures Through Integrated Modification of Local Cross Section
Authors: Zhao Jian , Fang Qifeng , Zhang Jian , Huang Yu , Wang Hongyu , Liu Pengbo
Published: June 2023

Multistable structures can maintain multiple steady states without additional loads. However, the presence of geometric and material nonlinearities in multistable structures adds complexity and difficulty to their optimal design. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to achieve multistability in conical structures by local cross-section modification. A conical multistable structure with varying cross section is designed based on this method. The finite element model considering the nonlinear large deformation mechanics and rubber material’s hyperelasticity was established for analyzing the multistable properties and meanwhile verified by experiments. The influence of geometric parameters of the cross section (thickness, width, and position) on the multistabilities (number, distribution, and snapping threshold) was analyzed. The steady-state number can be effectively used to redesign the multistable properties by local reinforcement. It is also observed that the quasi-zero stiffness region of the force–displacement curve can be extended by 61.7% compared to the original conical structure. Moreover, the optimized QZS structure allows for an actively designable stepped dynamic response under forced vibration.
A New Contact Model of Sphere Asperity in the Fully Plastic Regime Considering Strain Hardening
Authors: Xu Jinli , Zhu Jiwei
Published: June 2023

Understanding the contact characteristics of rough surfaces is essential to explain engineering phenomenon in interface. In order to improve accuracy of contact model, a novel simplified fully plastic contact model of sphere asperity was proposed considering material properties based on fractal theory. First, based on Von Mises yield criteria, maximum contact pressure factor was derived. Second, relationships taking into consideration strain hardening effects were proposed to describe contact area based on the fully plastic contact area index and contact pressure. Then, the critical interference at inception of fully plastic deformation was derived. Lastly, validations were conducted for different materials. The results show that the present work is remarkably consistent with experimental results and has higher accuracy than other models.
Justification of a New Original Homogenized Model for Ionic Diffusion in Porous Media
Authors: Bourbatache M. K. , Millet O. , Gagneux G.
Published: June 2023

In this work, a new original justification of an homogenized model for ionic diffusion in porous media is proposed. The approach used enables to specify clearly the domain of validity of this homogenized model, involving a source term characterizing the electrical double layer effect at the macroscale. This homogenized model is obtained from the formal periodic homogenization of a Nernst–Planck–Poisson system at the pore scale accounting for conductivity of the solid phase which is generally neglected. The Poisson equation is defined in both fluid and solid phases and the discontinuity of fluxes at the solid–fluid interface is modeled by a jump of the electrical field, linked to the surface electrical charge of the solid interface. Numerical simulations are carried out at the scale of the unit cell to underscore the influence of the contrast on the electrical permittivity between fluid and solid phases. The comparison of the concentrations and the electrical potential given at the macroscale by the homogenized model and by a direct pore scale model reveals the accuracy of the homogenized model which is very simple to use.
Increasing Physical Activity in Empty Nest and Retired Populations Online: A Randomized Feasibility Study
Authors: Cox Amy , Rhodes Ryan E.
Published: June 2023

The onset of retirement and children leaving the family home may offer a “window of opportunity” for individuals to influence regular moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity; therefore, this study examines the feasibility of a moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity intervention among recently retired participants (RET) and parents (P) with children who recently left the family home. A total of 46 inactive RET and nine inactive P were randomized to a 10-week web intervention (n = RET = 25/P = 4) or waitlist control (n = RET = 21/P = 5). Intervention techniques followed the multiprocess action control framework. Enrollment (37.5% for P; 40% for RET), retention (89% for P; 83% for RET), and satisfaction were high. One hundred percent of intervention-sectioned participation increased moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity compared with 52% of controls; large effect size differences were observed for key multiprocess action control constructs. Participants were highly satisfied with the intervention; however, recruitment challenges of P support moving to a randomized controlled trial for only the RET group.
Comparative genomics reveals the hybrid origin of a macaque group
Authors: Zhang Bao-Lin , Chen Wu , Wang Zefu , Pang Wei , Luo Meng-Ting , Wang Sheng , Shao Yong , He Wen-Qiang , Deng Yuan , Zhou Long , Chen Jiawei , Yang Min-Min , Wu Yajiang , Wang Lu , Fernández-Bellon Hugo , Molloy Sandra , Meunier Hélène , Wanert Fanélie , Kuderna Lukas , Marques-Bonet Tomas , Roos Christian , Qi Xiao-Guang , Li Ming , Liu Zhijin , Schierup Mikkel Heide , Cooper David N. , Liu Jianquan , Zheng Yong-Tang , Zhang Guojie , Wu Dong-Dong
Published: June 2023

Although species can arise through hybridization, compelling evidence for hybrid speciation has been reported only rarely in animals. Here, we present phylogenomic analyses on genomes from 12 macaque species and show that the
fascicularis
group originated from an ancient hybridization between the
sinica
and
silenus
groups ~3.45 to 3.56 million years ago. The X chromosomes and low-recombination regions exhibited equal contributions from each parental lineage, suggesting that they were less affected by subsequent backcrossing and hence could have played an important role in maintaining hybrid integrity. We identified many reproduction-associated genes that could have contributed to the development of the mixed sexual phenotypes characteristic of the
fascicularis
group. The phylogeny within the
silenus
group was also resolved, and functional experimentation confirmed that all extant Western
silenus
species are susceptible to HIV-1 infection. Our study provides novel insights into macaque evolution and reveals a hybrid speciation event that has occurred only very rarely in primates.
The landscape of tolerated genetic variation in humans and primates
Authors: Gao Hong , Hamp Tobias , Ede Jeffrey , Schraiber Joshua G. , McRae Jeremy , Singer-Berk Moriel , Yang Yanshen , Dietrich Anastasia S. D. , Fiziev Petko P. , Kuderna Lukas F. K. , Sundaram Laksshman , Wu Yibing , Adhikari Aashish , Field Yair , Chen Chen , Batzoglou Serafim , Aguet Francois , Lemire Gabrielle , Reimers Rebecca , Balick Daniel , Janiak Mareike C. , Kuhlwilm Martin , Orkin Joseph D. , Manu Shivakumara , Valenzuela Alejandro , Bergman Juraj , Rousselle Marjolaine , Silva Felipe Ennes , Agueda Lidia , Blanc Julie , Gut Marta , de Vries Dorien , Goodhead Ian , Harris R. Alan , Raveendran Muthuswamy , Jensen Axel , Chuma Idriss S. , Horvath Julie E. , Hvilsom Christina , Juan David , Frandsen Peter , de Melo Fabiano R. , Bertuol Fabrício , Byrne Hazel , Sampaio Iracilda , Farias Izeni , do Amaral João Valsecchi , Messias Mariluce , da Silva Maria N. F. , Trivedi Mihir , Rossi Rogerio , Hrbek Tomas , Andriaholinirina Nicole , Rabarivola Clément J. , Zaramody Alphonse , Jolly Clifford J. , Phillips-Conroy Jane , Wilkerson Gregory , Abee Christian , Simmons Joe H. , Fernandez-Duque Eduardo , Kanthaswamy Sree , Shiferaw Fekadu , Wu Dongdong , Zhou Long , Shao Yong , Zhang Guojie , Keyyu Julius D. , Knauf Sascha , Le Minh D. , Lizano Esther , Merker Stefan , Navarro Arcadi , Bataillon Thomas , Nadler Tilo , Khor Chiea Chuen , Lee Jessica , Tan Patrick , Lim Weng Khong , Kitchener Andrew C. , Zinner Dietmar , Gut Ivo , Melin Amanda , Guschanski Katerina , Schierup Mikkel Heide , Beck Robin M. D. , Umapathy Govindhaswamy , Roos Christian , Boubli Jean P. , Lek Monkol , Sunyaev Shamil , O’Donnell-Luria Anne , Rehm Heidi L. , Xu Jinbo , Rogers Jeffrey , Marques-Bonet Tomas , Farh Kyle Kai-How
Published: June 2023

Personalized genome sequencing has revealed millions of genetic differences between individuals, but our understanding of their clinical relevance remains largely incomplete. To systematically decipher the effects of human genetic variants, we obtained whole-genome sequencing data for 809 individuals from 233 primate species and identified 4.3 million common protein-altering variants with orthologs in humans. We show that these variants can be inferred to have nondeleterious effects in humans based on their presence at high allele frequencies in other primate populations. We use this resource to classify 6% of all possible human protein-altering variants as likely benign and impute the pathogenicity of the remaining 94% of variants with deep learning, achieving state-of-the-art accuracy for diagnosing pathogenic variants in patients with genetic diseases.
Embodying measurement
Authors: Chrisomalis Stephen
Published: June 2023

Measuring with body parts is a handy and persistent cross-cultural phenomenon
Genetic heart–brain connections
Authors: Sacher Julia , Witte A. Veronica
Published: June 2023

Multiorgan imaging unveils the intertwined nature of the human heart and brain
Treasure hunt
Authors: Voosen Paul
Published: June 2023

The first U.S. nationwide geological survey in a generation could reveal badly needed supplies of critical minerals
NIH cracks down on clinical trials reporting
Authors: Wadman Meredith
Published: June 2023

Agency says it has brought more than 200 investigators into compliance since July 2022
Genomic Characterization of
Theileria luwenshuni
Strain Cheeloo
Authors: Wang Bai-Hui , Du Li-Feng , Zhang Ming-Zhu , Xia Luo-Yuan , Li Cheng , Lin Zhe-Tao , Wang Ning , Gao Wan-Ying , Ye Run-Ze , Liu Jin-Yue , Han Xiao-Yu , Shi Wen-Qiang , Shi Xiao-Yu , Jiang Jia-Fu , Jia Na , Cui Xiao-Ming , Zhao Lin , Cao Wu-Chun
Published: June 2023

Theileria
has led to substantial economic losses in animal husbandry. Whole-genome sequencing data of the genus
Theileria
are currently limited, which has prohibited us from further understanding their molecular features.
Molecular Surveillance of MRSA in Raw Milk Provides Insight into MRSA Cross Species Evolution
Authors: Zhang Zhenbiao , Wang Jianzhong , Wang Hejia , Zhang Liu , Shang Wei , Li Zekun , Song Li , Li Ting , Cheng Min , Zhang Chunping , Zhao Qi , Shen Shan , Cui Mingquan
Published: June 2023

Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) is considered a public health concern as it is resistant to multiple antibiotics, thus being in zoonotic transmission of antibiotic resistance genes. MRSA causes serious public health issues and leads to hard-to-treat infections in humans and animals; therefore, it was meaningful to determine the prevalence of MRSA in raw milk samples and investigate phenotype and genotype of antimicrobial resistance and molecular characteristics in livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) and human-associated MRSA (hMRSA) in China, which could provide a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the spread of MRSA between livestock and humans.
Quick versus Quantitative: Evaluation of Two Commercial Real-Time PCR Assays for the Detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii from Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids
Authors: Belanger Corrie R. , Locher Kerstin , Velapatino Billie , Dufresne Philippe J. , Eckbo Eric , Charles Marthe
Published: June 2023

Pneumonia, caused by the opportunistic fungus
Pneumocystis jirovecii
, poses a significant risk for immunocompromised individuals. Laboratory testing for
P. jirovecii
is progressively shifting toward the use of molecular tests such as real-time PCR; however, this is often performed at reference laboratories.
Case of elderly onset possible neuro-Behçet’s disease with HLA-B51 homozygosity
Authors: Shiraishi Wataru , Tsujimoto Yoshitaka , Matsuyoshi Ayano , Hashimoto Tetsuya
Published: June 2023

Behçet’s disease commonly affects 20–40-year-old men and shows ophthalmo-dermatological manifestations. Here, we report a man in his 70s with acute onset of dysarthria, dysphagia and hemiplegia showing brainstem and subcortical lesions, which responded to steroid and colchicine therapy. He had a history of uveitis and was homozygous for the human leucocyte antigen-B51 allele, and we clinically diagnosed him with acute neuro-Behçet’s disease. Old-age onset neuro-Behçet’s disease is uncommon, and as far as we know, this is the oldest case of the first attack of neuro-Behçet’s disease. Clinicians should consider Behçet’s disease even for elderly patients.
Severe thrombocytopenia after trastuzumab in a patient with HER2-positive serous endometrial cancer
Authors: Kucera Celia , Chappell Nicole , Wang Stephanie
Published: June 2023

Trastuzumab is a humanised, monoclonal antibody that interferes with the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/neu receptor and binds selectively to the HERB2 protein. It has been shown to prolong survival of patients with HER2-positive advanced uterine serous carcinoma.

We report the case of a woman in her 70s with HER2-positive metastatic papillary serous endometrial adenocarcinoma, who experienced severe thrombocytopenia related to trastuzumab administration. One week after the first dose of carboplatin/paclitaxel/trastuzumab combination chemotherapy, the patient was admitted to the hospital with vaginal bleeding, melena, petechiae and platelet counts of 0×109/L. The patient was suspected to have a severe trastuzumab-induced thrombocytopenia. A rapid and complete recovery was observed after multiple platelet transfusions, high-dose IV corticosteroids and immunoglobulin.

Among the 13 reported cases of trastuzumab-induced thrombocytopenia, this is the first case reported in the literature occurring in a patient with a gynecologic malignancy.
Out of sight, out of mind? Evidence from cross-sectional surveys on hidden caesarean sections among women with stillbirths in Ghana, 2007 and 2017
Authors: Zethof Siem , Christou Aliki , Benova Lenka , Beyuo Titus Kofi , van Roosmalen Jos , van den Akker Thomas
Published: June 2023

Background

Caesarean section (CS) rates in women experiencing stillbirth have not been studied with nationally representative data. Two Ghana Maternal Health Surveys (GMHS) have captured pregnancy and mode of birth data for all women including those with stillbirths. We compared CS rates between women with live births and stillbirths, and identified socio-economic and pregnancy-related factors associated with CS in stillbirths.

Methods

A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a pooled sample of 17 138 women who had given birth within 5 years preceding the 2007 and 2017 GMHS. CS rates were compared between women with stillbirths and very early neonatal deaths (SBVENDs) and women with live births who survived the first day. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions explored variables associated with CS. Effect modification of household’s wealth and maternal educational level by birth outcome was assessed using multivariable logistic regression with interaction terms.

Results

CS rate in women with SBVEND was 19.3% compared with 9.6% in women with live births who survived the first day (rate ratio 2.2; 95% CI 1.6 to 2.9). In multivariable analysis, attaining middle school compared with no formal education (adjusted OR, aOR 2.8; 95% CI 1.1 to 7.1), having had five or more births compared with nulliparity (aOR 3.7; 95% CI 1.3 to 10.7) and reporting prolonged or obstructed labour (aOR 3.3; 95% CI 1.3 to 8.3) were associated with CS in women with SBVEND. Higher household wealth and educational levels were associated with an increased risk of CS in both study groups, with no statistically significant difference in effect.

Conclusion

Disaggregating CS rates by birth outcome revealed a high rate among women with SBVEND, twice the overall rate compared with live births. Exclusion of these ‘hidden’ CSs from rate calculations may lead to underestimation of (inter)national CS rates and potentially conceals CS overuse or misuse.
Relationship between morphological changes in the foveal avascular zone of the epiretinal membrane and postoperative visual function
Authors: Yoshida Hiromitsu , Terashima Hiroko , Ueda Eriko , Hasebe Hiruma , Matsuoka Naoki , Nakano Hideyuki , Fukuchi Takeo
Published: June 2023

Objective

To investigate the relationship between the preoperative morphology of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and postoperative visual function in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM).

Methods and analysis

This retrospective study enrolled 36 patients who underwent a unilateral internal limiting membrane peeling with vitrectomy for idiopathic ERM. We measured the area of superficial FAZ in the eyes with ERM and in the contralateral control eyes preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively using optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography. The ERM stage was measured using swept-source OCT. We evaluated the FAZ area ratio (preoperative FAZ of the ERM eye/FAZ of the control eye) to indicate the degree of FAZ contraction in the ERM eyes compared with the control eyes. The correlations between the FAZ area ratio and postoperative visual function and changes in macular morphology were assessed.

Results

Preoperative mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) significantly improved from the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution 0.20±0.24 to 0.01±0.13 at 6 months postoperatively (p<0.01). The mean area of the FAZ increased significantly from 0.06±0.07 mm2preoperatively to 0.09±0.07 mm2after vitrectomy (p<0.01). FAZ area ratio showed significant negative correlations with changes in BCVA (r=−0.44, p<0.01) and the ERM stages (r=−0.56, p<0.01).

Conclusion

The FAZ is reduced as ERM progresses and enlarges after vitrectomy. The FAZ area ratio based on preoperative FAZ may predict postoperative visual acuity.
Development of a web-based decision aid for initiating biological or targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) in axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Beckers Esther , Boonen Annelies , van Tubergen Astrid
Published: June 2023

Objectives

To develop a web-based evidence-based decision aid to support shared decision-making in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) who face a treatment decision to initiate or switch a biological or targeted synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drug (b/tsDMARDs).

Methods

Through an iterative process, we systematically developed a decision aid based on evidence from the literature, explorative needs assessment interviews among patients and care providers, and input from experts of the SpA working group of the Dutch Society for Rheumatology and professionals on patient information employed at the Dutch Arthritis Society. The usability, ease of use and feasibility of the pilot version were tested among stakeholders and feedback was used to adapt the decision aid. Finally, a multifaceted strategy was used to introduce the decision aid in clinical practice.

Results

The decision aid consists of (1) consultation support instructions in the context of disease control and treatment needs, (2) an overview of available treatment options for axSpA, (3) detailed information on b/tsDMARDs and an interactive option grid that facilitates comparison of characteristics and (4) a final check supporting patients to deliberate on the decision to initiate or switch a b/tsDMARD. Rheumatologists introduced the decision aid in several Dutch rheumatology settings and the Dutch Arthritis Society posted it on their website, social media and in their monthly newsletter.

Conclusion

We developed an evidence-based decision aid to support axSpA patients who face a treatment decision to initiate or switch a b/tsDMARD and introduced this in clinical practice.
Clinical pharmacist in oncology palliative medicine: drug compliance and patient adherence
Authors: Novosadova Martina , Filip Stanislav , Molnarova Veronika , Priester Peter , Svecova Dagmar
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Most patients in palliative oncology care are polymorbid and thus treated with multiple drugs. The therapeutic effect and safety of these drugs can be compromised by drug/drug interactions, but also by wider problems such as polypharmacy and compliance. The clinical pharmacist is, therefore, responsible for risk analysis and prevention. Our prospective open label non-randomised clinical study evaluated the importance of a clinical pharmacist in the palliative care team.

Methods

A total of 250 outpatients were included in the clinical study: 126 women (50.4%) and 124 men (49.6%), with a mean age of 71 years (range 21–94 years; SD 11.9). The patients had the performance status scale 0–3(x∼=2). Clinical examinations were performed on a monthly basis (n=509 check-up visits). The clinical pharmacist prepared an educational chart for all medications used after each visit and evaluated any drug-related problems. Follow-up was 6 months.

Results

This study found a significant association between drug related-problems and polypharmacy (p<0.001). A low risk of drug-rfelated problems was observed during the initial visit, that is, 68 female (27.2%) and 25 male (10.4%) patients. A greater clinical-pharmaceutical risk was observed among the patients taking antihypertensive drugs (p=0.003) and/or beta blockers (p=0.048).

Conclusion

This study confirms the essential role of a clinical pharmacist in oncology palliative care. The feedback obtained from the patients showed a notable improvement in their quality of life. Further, this clinical study confirmed the need for a personalised approach in palliative oncology care.
Epileptic Seizure Detection in EEG Signal Using Optimized Convolutional Neural Network with Selected Feature Set
Authors: Fatma Nusrat , Singh Pawan , Siddiqui Mohammad Khubeb
Published: June 2023

This article implements novel epileptic seizure detection by EEG signal that includes various phases: Feature extraction, Feature selection, and Classification. Originally, the input EEG signal is subjected to the preprocessing phase, and from the preprocessed signal, certain features are extracted in which the features like TDFs, FDFs, and TFDFs are extracted. Here, the Time Domain Features (TDFs) include Non-linear energy (NE), Permutation Entropy (PE), and Weighted Permutation Entropy (WPE); the Frequency Domain Features (FDFs) consists of Intensity Weighted Mean Frequency (IWMF); and the Time-Frequency Domain Features (TFDFs) consists of the “Weighted Multi-scale Rényi Permutation Entropy (WMRPE)”. Moreover, the extracted features are subjected to the feature selection phase. An improved chi-square model is proposed for selecting the appropriate features. Then, the chosen features are subjected to the classification process. Here, the classification is performed using an Optimized Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). To make the detection more precise, the CNN weights are tuned optimally through a Weighting Factor Based Shark Smell Optimization (IWFSSO) model. The MCC of the implemented CNN+IWFSSO method achieved a better value for a learning percentage 90%; nevertheless, the compared existing models accomplish a smaller value for dataset 2.
Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Effects of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles-Enriched Wound Dressing
Authors: Abbas Sara Fadhil , Haider Adawiya J. , Al-Musawi Sharafaldin
Published: June 2023

Taking care of wounds costs a lot of money. A significant medical problem is the treatment of burns, surgical and trauma wounds and skin wounds, with current therapies primarily emphasizing supportive care techniques. Coagulation, inflammation, angiogenesis, new tissue creation and extracellular matrix modification are necessary processes for successful wound healing. Metal oxides (Titanium, Silver, Zinc, Copper, Magnesium, Nickel) with potent antibacterial and healing characteristics can be employed as nanomaterials in dressings. Metal oxide nanoparticles (MeO-NPs) have a wide range of physicochemical properties that allow them to function as antimicrobial agents through a variety of mechanisms. The treatment of lethal infectious diseases will be impacted by the enormous variety of features demonstrated by MeO-NPs. This study covers the antibacterial mechanisms of common MeO-NPs, factors affecting their antibacterial activity and their role in accelerating wound healing.
Multiparameter Logging Evaluation of Chang 73 Shale Oil in the Jiyuan Area, Ordos Basin
Authors: Liu Bobiao , Tan Chengqian , Huai Yinchao , Tan Yuhan , Zhang Han , Feng Zhao
Published: June 2023

The accurate evaluation of shale oil and gas reservoirs is of great significance to the integrated development of geology and engineering. Based on the core analysis, conventional logging, and array acoustic logging data, the total organic carbon, hydrocarbon generation potential, brittleness, and anisotropy of shale reservoirs were calculated. The p-wave time difference curves calculated by the artificial neural network (ANN) method and the conventional logging curve fitting method were compared. The multiresolution graph-based clustering (MRGC) method was used to classify shale reservoirs into three categories and evaluate the classification results. Brittle minerals such as quartz and feldspar were mainly found to be present in shale reservoirs and clay minerals which mainly consisted of illite. The Chang 73 reservoir is rich in organic matter and has great potential for survival. The p-wave time difference calculated by the fitting formula of the shear wave time difference meter demonstrated high accuracy and did not require a complex ANN model. MRGC method can well classify shale reservoir types. The classification results reduce the interference of human factors and are more scientific and reasonable. This research method is of great significance for the scientific classification and evaluation of shale reservoirs.
The First Registered Type 0 Spinal Muscular Atrophy Patient in Latvia: Call for Change in Prenatal Diagnostic Procedures
Authors: Čupāne Tīna Luīze , Dīriks Mikus , Tauriņa Gita , Korņejeva Liene , Gailīte Linda , Mālniece Ieva , Auzenbaha Madara
Published: June 2023

This case report presents the first registered patient in Latvia with type 0 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). During the first-trimester ultrasonography of the unborn patient, an increased thickness of the nuchal fold was detected. The mother reported decreased foetal movements during the pregnancy. After the boy was born, his general condition was extremely severe. The clinical signs indicated a suspected neuromuscular disorder. A precise diagnosis, type 0 SMA, was determined 7 days after birth through a newborn pilot-screening for SMA, which was conducted for all newborns whose parents consented to participate. The condition of the infant deteriorated. He had severe respiratory distress followed by multiple events leading to his death. Currently, there are only a few published case reports detailing an increased nuchal translucency (NT) measurement in association with a diagnosis of SMA in the foetus. However, an increased NT measurement is a clinically relevant sign as it can be related to genetic syndromes, foetal malformations, disruptions, and dysplasias. Since there is no cure for infants with type 0 SMA at present, it is crucial to be able to detect this disease prenatally in order to provide the best possible care for the patient and parents. This includes the provision of palliative care for the patient, among other measures. This case report highlights the prenatal signs and symptoms in relation to type 0 SMA.
Mortality and Survival after Norwood Procedure Comparison between Shunt Type in Patients with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome or Its Variants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Arnaout Ahmad Yamen , Nerabani Yaman , Alhaj Ali Hassan , Shahrour Mohamad Zaher , Fallaha Mohamad Yahia , Arnaout Ibrahim , Sajee Ahmad , Morjan Mohamad , Al-Kanj Hussein
Published: June 2023

Background. In the Norwood procedure, a conduit is performed either from the subclavian artery to the pulmonary artery, Blalock–Taussig shunt (mBTs), or from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery (RV-PA shunt). There are some concerns regarding the two shunts and which one is better according to morbidity and mortality in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome or its variants. Methods. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to 04/June/2021 to collect articles reporting a comparison of RV-PA shunt and mBTs. Results. Our meta-analysis showed that the mortality rate after 6 months, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 years for the mBTS group was 16.3%, 28.6%, 34.8%, 42.4%, 44.6%, 45.1%, and 39.6%, respectively, and for the RV-PAS, 14.8%, 26.6%, 31%, 40.1%, 36.1%, 37.5%, and 34.0%, respectively. The mortality rate was significantly higher in the mBTs group at 1 and 2 years; otherwise, there is no significance differences. Overall complications rate was higher in the mBTs group than in the RV-PAs group (17.8% vs. 8.5%). In contrast, the rate of cardiac complications was higher in the RV-PAS group. Conclusions. The RV-PA shunt had lower mortality and overall complications rate than mBT shunt at the short-term outcome within the first two years, but at the long term, there was no difference between the two shunts. On the other hand, the mBT shunt had a lower incidence of cardiac complications at the early stage after the operations. However, some studies are poor due to the difficulties in conducting original research in this field. Therefore, we recommend conducting systematic reviews and original studies to compare these and other therapeutic procedures for these patients.
An Edge‐Assisted Computing and Mask Attention Based Network for Lung Region Segmentation
Authors: Wang Yong , Zhong Like , Huang Weihong , He Xiaoyu
Published: June 2023

Recent years have witnessed the success of encoder‐decoder structure‐based approaches in lung region segmentation of chest X‐ray (CXR) images. However, accurate lung region segmentation is still challenging due to the following three issues: (1) inaccurate lung region segmentation boundaries, (2) existence of lesion‐related artifacts (e.g., opacity and pneumonia), and (3) lack of the ability to utilize multiscale information. To address these issues, we propose an edge‐assisted computing and mask attention based network (called EAM‐Net), which consists of an encoder‐decoder network, an edge‐assisted computing module, and multiple mask attention modules. Based on the encoder‐decoder structure, an edge‐assisted computing module is first proposed, which integrates the feature maps of the shallow encoding layers for edge prediction, and uses the edge evidence map as a strong cue to guide the lung region segmentation, thereby refining the lung region segmentation boundaries. We further design a mask attention module after each decoding layer, which employs a mask attention operation to make the model focus on lung regions while suppressing the lesion‐related artifacts. Besides, a multiscale aggregation loss is proposed to optimize EAM‐Net. Extensive experiments on the JSRT, Shenzhen, and Montgomery datasets demonstrate that EAM‐Net outperforms existing state‐of‐the‐art lung region segmentation methods.
Landscape Architecture Design and Implementation Based on Intelligent Monitoring Sensing Network
Authors: Liu Ge
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, in the context of smart city construction, the changes brought by the smart system to the city are not only material intelligence, but also because the smart system is completed by the cooperation of human wisdom and the wisdom of things, it is even more enhanced. There are various connections between people and people and cities. In this paper, the construction of urban parks, its management, and service requirements also show a trend of diversified development. However, some traditional urban parks cannot meet the new social needs. The application of smart park systems in their renovation is an important way for urban parks to rejuvenate and is an indispensable part of smart city construction. For urban parks, the upgrade of smartization in the traditional park model is not only an inevitable trend in the development of information technology but also an important direction for the future construction of parks. The purpose of this paper is to study and discuss the systematic methods applied by the smart park system in the renovation and renewal of urban parks, to discuss the common problems and solutions faced in the renovation and renewal of urban parks today, and to realize the renovation of the smart park system of urban parks. And by studying the application background, ways, and needs of the smart park system, it will carry out practical exploration on the renovation and renewal of Wuhan Jiefang Park. Through the analysis of the current situation of the Jiefang Park and the interpretation of the existing problems, special transformation is carried out under the guidance of the smart park system according to the existing problems, and the methods and systems of the application of the smart park system are summarized through practice. From a practical point of view, the update design strategy proposed in this paper is tested.
Supplemental Table 5 from Measurement of Ovarian Tumor Immune Profiles by Multiplex Immunohistochemistry: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies
Authors: Hathaway Cassandra A. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Fridley Brooke L. , Rosner Bernard , Saeed-Vafa Daryoush , Moran Segura Carlos , Nguyen Jonathan V. , Hecht Jonathan L. , Sasamoto Naoko , Terry Kathryn L. , Tworoger Shelley S. , Townsend Mary K.
Published: June 2023

Supplemental Table 5 shows beta binomial models, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for marker positivity in the tumor, by population characteristics
Supplemental Table 1 from Measurement of Ovarian Tumor Immune Profiles by Multiplex Immunohistochemistry: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies
Authors: Hathaway Cassandra A. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Fridley Brooke L. , Rosner Bernard , Saeed-Vafa Daryoush , Moran Segura Carlos , Nguyen Jonathan V. , Hecht Jonathan L. , Sasamoto Naoko , Terry Kathryn L. , Tworoger Shelley S. , Townsend Mary K.
Published: June 2023

Supplemental Table 1 shows the correlations of percentages of the markers in the tumor.
Supplemental Figure 2 from Measurement of Ovarian Tumor Immune Profiles by Multiplex Immunohistochemistry: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies
Authors: Hathaway Cassandra A. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Fridley Brooke L. , Rosner Bernard , Saeed-Vafa Daryoush , Moran Segura Carlos , Nguyen Jonathan V. , Hecht Jonathan L. , Sasamoto Naoko , Terry Kathryn L. , Tworoger Shelley S. , Townsend Mary K.
Published: June 2023

Supplemental Figure 2 provides representative images from the immune checkpoint panel for high-grade serous, endometrioid, clear cell, and mucinous tumors.
Supplemental Table 4 from Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (Nitro-PAH) Signatures and Somatic Mutations in Diesel Exhaust-Exposed Bladder Tumors
Authors: Gonzalez Nicole , Rao Nina , Dean Michael , Lee Donghyuk , Hurson Amber N. , Baris Dalsu , Schwenn Molly , Johnson Alison , Prokunina-Olsson Ludmila , Friesen Melissa C. , Zhu Bin , Rothman Nathaniel , Silverman Debra T. , Koutros Stella
Published: June 2023

specific TP53 mutations and ever diesel
Supplemental Table 3 from Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (Nitro-PAH) Signatures and Somatic Mutations in Diesel Exhaust-Exposed Bladder Tumors
Authors: Gonzalez Nicole , Rao Nina , Dean Michael , Lee Donghyuk , Hurson Amber N. , Baris Dalsu , Schwenn Molly , Johnson Alison , Prokunina-Olsson Ludmila , Friesen Melissa C. , Zhu Bin , Rothman Nathaniel , Silverman Debra T. , Koutros Stella
Published: June 2023

Case-case associations between REC and TP53 mutation, NEBCS
Supplemental Table 1 from Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (Nitro-PAH) Signatures and Somatic Mutations in Diesel Exhaust-Exposed Bladder Tumors
Authors: Gonzalez Nicole , Rao Nina , Dean Michael , Lee Donghyuk , Hurson Amber N. , Baris Dalsu , Schwenn Molly , Johnson Alison , Prokunina-Olsson Ludmila , Friesen Melissa C. , Zhu Bin , Rothman Nathaniel , Silverman Debra T. , Koutros Stella
Published: June 2023

Genes on panel