bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial and Temporal Evolution of the Freiberg Epithermal Ag-Pb-Zn District, Germany
Authors: Swinkels Laura J. , Schulz-Isenbeck Jan , Frenzel Max , Gutzmer Jens , Burisch Mathias
Published: March 2021

The Freiberg district hosts one of the largest series of epithermal polymetallic vein deposits in Europe. The availability of a systematic collection of historical samples provides an excellent opportunity to study the anatomy of these epithermal systems. Detailed petrographic investigations, geochemical analyses, and fluid inclusion studies were conducted on several vertical profiles within the Freiberg district to decipher mineralogical and geochemical zoning patterns. Six distinctive mineral associations have been recognized within the Freiberg epithermal veins; sphalerite-pyrite-quartz and galena-quartz±carbonate associations are most abundant in the central sector, as well as in the deepest sections of veins on the periphery of the district. A high-grade sphalerite-Ag-sulfides-carbonate association occurs laterally between the central and peripheral sectors and at intermediate depth in veins on the periphery. Shallow and peripheral zones are dominated by an exceptionally Ag-rich Ag-sulfides-quartz association, whereas the shallowest veins locally comprise Ag-poor stibnite-quartz and quartz-carbonate associations. Fluid inclusion assemblages returned low salinities (<6.0 wt % NaCl equiv), and homogenization temperatures successively decrease from ~320°C associated with the proximal and deep sphalerite-pyrite-quartz association, to ~170°C related to the distal and shallow Ag-sulfides-quartz association.

The architecture of the Freiberg district is related to the temporal and spatial evolution of magmatic-hydrothermal fluid systems, including boiling and concomitant cooling, as well as CO2 loss. Constraints on the paleodepth indicate that the veins formed between 200 and 1,800 m below the paleowater table. High-grade Ag ore occurs over a vertical interval of at least 500 m and is bracketed by shallower stibnite-quartz and barren quartz, and deeper base metal-sulfide-quartz zones.
Depositional and Environmental Constraints on the Late Neoarchean Dagushan Deposit (Anshan-Benxi Area, North China Craton): An Algoma-Type Banded Iron Formation
Authors: Tong Xiaoxue , Wang Changle , Peng Zidong , Li Yuhao , Hao Weiduo , Mänd Kaarel , Robbins Leslie J. , Zhang Lianchang , Ke Qiang , Zhai Mingguo , Konhauser Kurt O.
Published: March 2021

The late Neoarchean, ~2.53 to 2.51 Ga Dagushan banded iron formation (BIF), is a typical Algoma-type BIF located in the northeast part of the North China craton. Despite having undergone upper greenschist to lower amphibolite facies metamorphism, the Dagushan BIF retains evidence of varied depositional facies, making it an ideal archive to evaluate the paleomarine environment and the paragenesis of the ore minerals. A transition from oxide to silicate to carbonate facies BIF is evident in a northward direction. The mineralogical composition shifts from magnetite and quartz in the south through a magnetite-quartz-cummingtonite/stilpnomelane assemblage in the transition zone to magnetite-siderite in the north. Such a distinct distribution of mineralogical facies correlates well with the depositional environment of the BIF. The carbonate facies BIFs formed in a near-shore, proximal environment, whereas the oxide and silicate facies BIF assemblages formed in deeper waters, distal to the paleoshoreline. The BIF samples display characteristic seawater-like rare earth element + yttrium (REE + Y) profiles with positive La and Y anomalies and heavy REE enrichment relative to the light REEs when normalized to post-Archean Australian shale. Positive Eu anomalies suggest a high-temperature hydrothermal contribution to the BIF. The absence of a negative Ce anomaly in nearly all samples, coupled with positive δ56Fe in magnetite in all mineralogical facies, indicates a dominantly anoxic water column contemporaneous with deposition of the BIF. At ~2.53 Ga in the Anshan area, seawater was mostly anoxic and rich in ferrous iron. Dissolved ferrous iron in upwelling hydrothermal fluids was oxidized and precipitated as Fe(III) oxyhydroxides in the photic zone leading to BIF formation. Proximal to hydrothermal vents, magnetite formed via the reaction of Fe(III) oxyhydroxides and aqueous Fe(II) supplied from the hydrothermal fluids and microbial dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) coupled to organic carbon oxidation. Proximal to a paleoshoreline, siderite formed through DIR, as evidenced by the depleted δ13C values and the presence of graphite. Silicates, such as stilpnomelane and cummingtonite, are considered to be the metamorphic products of early diagenetic silicates (e.g., nontronite) that formed in the water column from admixtures of Fe(III) oxyhydroxides and amorphous silica.
Treatment of Valgus-Impacted and Nondisplaced Femoral Neck Fragility Fractures in the Elderly
Authors: Kamara Eli , Zvi Yoav Shimon , Vail Thomas Parker
Published: March 2021

As the life expectancy of the worldwide population increases, the number of hip fractures in the elderly cohort is expected to grow. It is important for surgeons to critically analyze available treatment options for these injuries, with the goal of optimizing outcomes and minimizing complications. Femoral neck fractures make up approximately half of all hip fractures. Nonoperative treatment of valgus-impacted and nondisplaced (Garden I and II) femoral neck fractures has high rates of secondary displacement, osteonecrosis, and nonunion; only patients with notable risk for perioperative complications are treated nonoperatively. Surgical intervention is the standard of care, with options including internal fixation (IF) with multiple cancellous screws or a sliding hip screw, hemiarthroplasty, or total hip arthroplasty. Patients with a posterior tilt of greater than 20° have a high rate of revision surgery when treated with IF and may benefit from primary arthroplasty. Furthermore, primary arthroplasty has demonstrated lower revision surgery rates and equivalent postoperative mortality when compared with IF. Surgeons should be aware of the functional outcomes, complications, revision surgery rates, and mortality rates associated with each treatment modality to make a patient-specific decision regarding their care.
Metal Hypersensitivity in Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: van der Merwe Johannes Michiel
Published: March 2021

Metal hypersensitivity in joint arthroplasty is a very controversial topic with limited evidence. With increasing numbers of joint replacements being done annually, a clear understanding of the pathogenesis, clinical picture, preimplant screening, postimplant workup, and treatment plan is crucial. This review article looked at all the available evidence regarding metal hypersensitivity and summarized the key findings. An algorithm was also proposed for preimplant screening, postimplant workup, and management.
Limb Length Discrepancy and Angular Deformity due to Benign Bone Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions
Authors: Reif Taylor J. , Matthias Julia , Fragomen Austin T. , Rozbruch S. Robert
Published: March 2021

Benign bone tumors and tumor-like lesions are frequently diagnosed in children and adolescents. The immature skeleton is at risk for growth disturbances and deformity because of the effects of the lesions on normal bone architecture and the physis. The development, manifestation, and severity of the limb length inequality and deformity differs between the various bone pathologies. Distraction osteogenesis, osteotomy, and guided growth are key tools in the treatment of limb inequality and deformity using a combination of external and internal fixation devices.
A Study to Assess the Immunisation Status and the Factors Responsible For Incomplete Immunization amongst Children in Urban Slums
Authors: Sridevi NH  , Kumar N Praveen , Swathi HN
Published: March 2021

Background: As per the WHO estimates more than a billion children were vaccinated over the last decade. Currently immunization prevents 2- 3 million deaths every year. Health is a major economic issue for slum residents.

Objectives of the study: To assess the immunisation status and the factors responsible for incomplete immunization amongst children in urban slums.

Methods: A list of all slums and the number of households therein was collected from City Municipal Corporation Shivamogga of which 10 slums were selected by simple random sampling all the households in the selected slums were included in the study. Quantitative data were collected from the households of selected slums after taking informed consent using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Information about immunization of the under five children. Data were analysed by using SPSS software.

Results: In this study, among the 247 children studied, 61.94% were fully immunised, 38.05 were partially immunised. The most common reason for defaulting vaccination were knowledge (25.5%) followed by illness of the child (14.1%)

Conclusion: The availability of better healthcare facilities like government medical college in the proximity of these slums has led to good health seeking behaviour among them.
Star Players in the NBA - Decoys or Game-Changers?
Authors: Liu Yangmufeng
Published: March 2021

In the National Basketball Association (NBA), when an attacking team is trailing by a small margin in the last seconds of

a game, the coach has to make a critical decision: should he or she design a play for the star player or a non-star player's

In this strategic situation, the o ensive team can choose to let either the star or the non-star to shoot the ball while the

defensive team can either double-team the star player or play conventional one-on-one defence. For the purpose of this

research, star players are divided into two types - perimeter and interior. Given di erent point deficits, an equilibrium

point is obtained and comparative statics are computed to analyze how the equilibrium will change given a change in a

player's shot percentage. It is found that the o ensive team should play the star player at most 3 out of 10 times in all

scenarios.
THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS IN AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT GROWTH IN THE NMS UPON EUROPEAN UNION ACCESSION
Authors: Wicki Ludwik
Published: March 2021

It is very important to increase input productivity in agriculture. This not only enables feeding the growing population, but also reducing agricultural pressure on the environment. The aim of the study is to determine the importance of TFP in comparison to the significance of production inputs in the growth of agricultural output in new EU member states. The analysis covered 2000-2016. Data available from the USDA on agriculture of the studied countries was used. The method of Solow residuals was used in the study. It was found that, in the studied countries, agricultural output decreased after political transformation and, since 2004, a further decrease of agricultural production was observed in five out of nine countries. Only in the three Baltic states and Poland was there an increase in production. In all countries, except Poland, a decrease in production intensity was observed. The area of agricultural land in all countries except the Baltic states decreased similarly. In the analyzed period, the highest increase in factor productivity was achieved in Lithuania (72%), Estonia (57%) and Latvia (51%), while the lowest in Hungary (7%) and Poland (21%). In each of the analyzed countries, the increase in TFP resulted in either an increase in agricultural output or the decrease in agricultural output was smaller than the decrease in the amount of inputs used. Technological change plays a dominant role in achieving an increase in agricultural production and an increase in the productivity of other inputs.
INTANGIBLE AWARD SYSTEM IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION UNITS AS A TOOL FOR CREATING AGILITY FEATURES IN EMPLOYEES
Authors: Stolarska Elżbieta
Published: March 2021

Employees and their knowledge are one of the most important resources of any enterprise. Material reward system often does not bring the assumed benefits. In public administration, it is trying to develop effective methods of rewarding employees that would not involve the entity’s financial resources and at the same time improve work efficiency. In this situation, it may be appropriate to introduce solutions used in agile organizations. The non-material reward system in the agile model allows for creating agility features in employees. The article includes an analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the subject and the author’s own research, carried out in two public administration units. In the context of the research gap, the author tried to answer the following research question: Can public
administration units, like agile organizations, introduce actions aimed at creating agility characteristics in employees and thus achieve better results? The main goal of the study was to demonstrate the relationship between the introduction of intangible reward systems and the creation of agility in public administration employees. For the purposes of the study, the author formulated a research hypothesis assuming that non-material methods of reward
contribute to creating agility features in employees.
The use of percutaneous nerve electrostimulation in the palliative ward, review of the latest articles
Authors: Goryńska Emilia , Kulisz Dżesika , Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia
Published: March 2021

Pain is one of the most common symptoms of palliative patients. The problem of the occurrence of pain and ways of alleviating it have been known since the beginning of medicine. In addition to pharmacotherapy, other non-pharmacological methods, such as transcutaneous nerve electrostimulation (TENS), are increasingly used. The aim of the work was to provide the latest knowledge on the effectiveness of TENS therapy in the palliative ward. The thesis is of a review nature and has been written on the basis of Polish and foreign scientific reports. The material was the latest literature in the field of non-pharmacological methods of pain treatment, care for patients with cancer and palliative wards. We obtained the literature from the Pubmed and Google Scholar search engines. Research to date has not sufficiently demonstrated the importance of TENS effectiveness. Some of them are also carried out on a small group of patients, which also does not give an accurate picture. However, it is often used because of proven features such as: affordability, cost and easy accessibility, and no side effects, and positive, though minor effects seen in palliative wards and more. There are not enough studies yet to sufficiently assess the effectiveness of TENS. Especially in the context of palliative wards, there are few of them. Existing studies are also of little relevance to determine whether TENS therapy is relevant in the light of ever newer methods of treating pain. Nevertheless, it is worth using this method as a supplement to pharmacotherapy, because pain greatly reduces the quality of life of palliative ward patients and is a troublesome problem for them. Therefore, it is worth conducting further research on this subject, following the latest literature data.
Epidemiology and the SIR Model: Historical Context to Modern Applications
Authors: Bernardi Francesca
Published: March 2021

We suggest the use of historical documents and primary sources, as well as data and articles from recent events, to teach students about mathematical epidemiology. We propose a project suitable -- in different versions -- as part of a class syllabus, as an undergraduate research project, and as an extra credit assignment. Throughout this project, students explore mathematical, historical, and sociological aspects of the SIR model and approach data analysis and interpretation. Based on their work, students form opinions on public health decisions and related consequences. Feedback from students has been encouraging. We begin our project by having students read excerpts of documents from the early 1900s discussing the Indian plague epidemic. We then guide students through the derivation of the SIR model by analyzing the seminal 1927 Kermack and McKendrick paper, which is based on data from the Indian epidemiological event they have studied. After understanding the historical importance of the SIR model, we consider its modern applications focusing on the Ebola outbreak of 2014-2016 in West Africa. Students fit SIR models to available compiled data sets. The subtleties in the data provide opportunities for students to consider the data and SIR model assumptions critically. Additionally, social attitudes of the outbreak are explored; in particular, local attitudes towards government health recommendations.
Facing the Pandemic Together: Forming a Collaborative Research Group
Authors: Barg Michael
Published: March 2021

This is an account of how a reading and writing project in an introductory differential equations course was transitioned to a professor-student research group collaborative project, in response to the global COVID-19 pandemic. Adapting on the fly to the ever-evolving pandemic, we collected data, estimated parameters in our models, and computed numerical solutions to SIR-based systems of differential equations. This is a description of what we did and how we found comfort in the project in this time of great uncertainty. The collaboration yielded successes and more questions than we had answers for, but the situation provided an opportunity of a lifetime for my students to engage in a real-world developing situation.
Europäische Souveränität? Zur Autonomie des Unionsrechts im Verhältnis zum Völkerrecht sowie den Mitgliedstaaten am Beispiel der Corona-Krise
Authors: Kirchmair Lando
Published: March 2021

Die These dieses Beitrags lautet, dass sich unter dem recht unverfänglichen Label „Autonomie“ der Anspruch auf Souveränität verbirgt: Auf europäische Souveränität. Souveränität nach innen - gegenüber den Mitgliedstaaten. Und Souveränität nach außen gegenüber der Völkerrechtsordnung und ihren Akteuren. Im Außenverhältnis gebärdet sich der EuGH wie ein Gericht eines transnationalen Staates. Dies werde ich im ersten Teil näher analysieren. Aber auch das Innenverhältnis zwischen EU und Mitgliedstaaten wird oft und heiß diskutiert. Das BVerfG hat hierfür in seinem PSPP-EZB-Urteil vom 5. Mai 2020 erneut einen eindrücklichen Nachweis geliefert. Obwohl Ursula von der Leyen dadurch „den Kern der europäischen Souveränität“ gefährdet sah, und auch die Corona-Krise scheinbar das Erstarken des Nationalismus fördert, zeigt der Beitrag im zweiten Teil, dass im Innenverhältnis der EU zu ihren Mitgliedstaaten der europäische acquis im Grunde auch in der aktuellen Krise von den Mitgliedstaaten gewahrt wird. Dennoch sollte aus rechtlicher Sicht für das Innenverhältnis nicht der Souveränitätsbegriff in Stellung gebracht werden - weder aus europäischer noch aus nationaler Perspektive.
Gesetzgebungsautonomie und Unionsrecht. Das grundgesetzliche Loyalitätsgebot als Maßstab der Bundesgesetzgebung
Authors: Erdmann Max
Published: March 2021

Die europaverfassungsrechtlichen Normen des Grundgesetzes werden vom Bundesverfassungsgericht primär im Sinne der Vorrangbegrenzung herangezogen. Dagegen soll hier eine integrationsfreundliche Interpretation der Europarechtsfreundlichkeit des Grundgesetzes im Sinne eines verfassungsrechtlichen Loyalitätsgebotes vorgeschlagen werden. Diese befindet sich einerseits im Einklang mit der Vorrangrechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts und bringt andererseits den integrationsfreundlichen Charakter des Normenkomplexes um Art. 23 GG stärker zur Geltung.
Towards the Study of Liver Failure: Protocol for a 90% Extended Hepatectomy in Mice
Authors: J. Lizardo Thiebaud Maria , Cervantes-Alvarez Eduardo , Navarro-Alvarez Nalu
Published: March 2021

Studies have shown that extended hepatectomy mimics post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) and could also be used to study other small-for-flow syndromes. Extended hepatectomy can be defined as the removal of more than 70% of liver volume. At the molecular level, there seems to be a delayed entrance to the cell cycle, and thus liver dysfunction ensues. Therefore, there is an imperious need to study the mechanisms of such delay to understand how it can be regulated. While the classical 70% hepatectomy model to study liver regeneration has been previously described thoroughly, there are no protocols describing the surgical procedure for a 90% extended hepatectomy (90% EHx). Therefore, we here describe a detailed and reproducible protocol for such model, defining specific aspects that must be considered as well as the most common complications and troubleshooting strategies.
Harnessing Small Country Collaboration Opportunities to Advance Energy Innovation and Joint Investments
Authors: Gegenheimer Anneliese , Gegenheimer Charles Michael
Published: March 2021

Greater international collaboration is required to catalyze research and development (R&D) investment flows in energy technologies. Successful deployment of such technologies requires innovative funding mechanisms, intellectual property, and data-driven analyses to make smarter, sustainable investment decisions. As small countries are increasingly dealing with effects of climate change, some are projected to lose large portions of their economy. This chapter discusses ways that smaller countries, both in the developed and developing world, can harness international cooperation to advance energy innovation and mitigate such impact. In contrast to collaboration with larger countries, smaller country collaboration can build more agile, balanced partnerships in which participating countries co-develop and co-own R&D and training, and define pilot programs that target their own needs. Leveraging each other’s strengths, small countries can become catalysts for global change. Smaller country collaboration is explored through a proposed model of collaboration in energy innovation between Singapore and Estonia, often considered gateways to Southeast Asia and the EU plus Russia, respectively. Specifically, Singapore and Estonia have the opportunity to leverage each other’s startup ecosystems, innovation systems, knowledge-based economies, and regional markets to build a niche in clean energy technologies, particularly energy storage innovation, with potential global impact on larger markets.
City-Scale Decarbonization Strategy with Integrated Hydroelectricity-Powered Energy Systems: An Analysis of the Possibilities in Guadalajara, Mexico
Authors: Esmeralda García Ruíz Dulce , Alberto Navarro Serrano Jorge
Published: March 2021

According to the UN, in the next 20 years, most of the world’s population will live in urban areas. Cities consume a high amount of resources, between this water, for their sustenance, hence the greatest necessity of sustainable development plans. What viable options or strategies can we consider in Latin America such that it can resist the economic, political, and social changes that it is facing? Through prospective studies, in case of Guadalajara, it is possible to determinate how water can generate clean energy, and which are the other strategic areas to empower the city through decarbonization with an interoperative and smart loop system of co-benefits. This study can help in public policy decisions of medium-sized cities in Latin America.
Tackling the Risk of Stranded Electricity Assets with Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Nyangon Joseph
Published: March 2021

The Paris Agreement on climate change requires nations to keep the global temperature within the 2°C carbon budget. Achieving this temperature target means stranding more than 80% of all proven fossil energy reserves as well as resulting in investments in such resources becoming stranded assets. At the implementation level, governments are experiencing technical, economic, and legal challenges in transitioning their economies to meet the 2°C temperature commitment through the nationally determined contributions (NDCs), let alone striving for the 1.5°C carbon budget, which translates into greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) gap. This chapter focuses on tackling the risks of stranded electricity assets using machine learning and artificial intelligence technologies. Stranded assets are not new in the energy sector; the physical impacts of climate change and the transition to a low-carbon economy have generally rendered redundant or obsolete electricity generation and storage assets. Low-carbon electricity systems, which come in variable and controllable forms, are essential to mitigating climate change. These systems present distinct opportunities for machine learning and artificial intelligence-powered techniques. This chapter considers the background to these issues. It discusses the asset stranding discourse and its implications to the energy sector and related infrastructure. The chapter concludes by outlining an interdisciplinary research agenda for mitigating the risks of stranded assets in electricity investments.
Modern Instrumental Methods in Solid Dosage Form Analysis
Authors: Bartoníčková Eva , Brus Jiří , Gajdziok Jan , Franc Aleš , Hickey Kateřina , Kejdušová Martina , Mašek Josef , Pavloková Sylvie , Šeděnková Ivana , Vetchý David
Published: March 2021

The book “Modern Instrumental Methods in Solid Dosage Form Analysis” is focused on the description of selected modern instrumental methods widely used in the evaluation of dosage forms. It explains their main principles, provides a brief description of the instrumentation and offers numerous examples of practical applications in both the pharmaceutical research and development as well as the commercial pharmaceutical manufacture where these methods are used as valuable tools of quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) of incoming raw materials, final medicinal products and manufacturing processes.
Introduction du volume : « La percussion lancée au Paléolithique : identification de son usage, types d’outils associés et étendue chronologique »
Authors: VIALLET Cyril , BOURGUIGNON Laurence , LEMORINI Cristina
Published: March 2021

The following article presents a summary of the research undertaken on percussion tools in the ­Palaeolithic. It reports on current work, presented during the XVIIIth Union Internationale des Sciences Préhistoriques et Protohistoriques (UISPP) World Congress (Paris, 2018). Finally, possible research topics are proposed and the importance of this gesture record in human evolution is emphasized.
Heterogeneity in Approaches for Switching From Universal to Patient ABO Type-Specific Blood Components During Massive Hemorrhage
Authors: Karafin Matthew S. , Becker Joanne L. , Berg Mary , DeSimone Robert A. , Draper Nicole L. , Hudgins Jay , Metcalf Ryan A. , Pagano Monica B. , Park Yara A. , Rossmann Susan N. , Schwartz Joseph , Souers Rhona , Thomas Lamont , Uhl Lynne , Ramsey Glenn E.
Published: March 2021

Context.—

ABO mistransfusions are rare and potentially fatal events. Protocols are required by regulatory agencies to minimize this risk to patients, but how these are applied in the context of massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) is not specifically defined.

Objective.—

To evaluate the approaches used by transfusion services for switching from universally compatible to patient ABO type-specific blood components during massive hemorrhage.

Design.—

We added 1 supplemental multiple-choice question to address the study objective to the 2019 College of American Pathologists proficiency test J-survey (J-A 2019). We also reviewed the available literature regarding this topic.

Results.—

A total of 881 laboratories responded to the supplemental question. Approximately 80% (704 of 881) reported a policy for ABO-type switching during an MTP. Policies varied considerably between responding laboratories, but most (384 of 704, 55%) required 2 ABO types to match before switching from universal to recipient-specific blood components. Additional safety measures used in a minority of these protocols included reaction strength criteria (103 of 704, 15%), on-call medical director approval (41 0f 704, 5.8%), universal red cell unit number limits (12 of 704, 1.7%), or the presence of a mixed field (3 of 704, 0.4%).

Conclusions.—

This survey reveals that significant heterogeneity exists regarding the available approaches for ABO-type switching during an MTP. Specific expert guidance regarding this issue is very limited, and best practices have not yet been established or rigorously investigated.
Current Status of Colorectal Cancer and Its Public Health Burden in Thailand
Authors: Tiankanon Kasenee , Aniwan Satimai , Rerknimitr Rungsun
Published: March 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for approximately 10.3% of new cancer cases in Thailand and is currently the 3rd most prevalent cancer found among the Thai population. Starting in 2017, the Thai government announced the national CRC screening program as a response to this important issue. Among the 70 million people currently residing in Thailand, 14 million require screening, while there are approximately a total of 1,000 endoscopists available to perform colonoscopy. Due to the limited resources and shortage of endoscopists in Thailand, applying a population-based one-step colonoscopy program as a primary screening method is not feasible. To reduce colonoscopy workload, with the help of others, including village health volunteers, institution-based health personnel, reimbursement coders, pathologists, and patients due for CRC screening, a two-step approach of one-time fecal immunochemical test (FIT), which prioritizes and filters out subjects for colonoscopy, is chosen. Moreover, additional adjustments to the optimal FIT cutoff value and the modified Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening risk score, including body weight, were proposed to stratify the priority of colonoscopy schedule. This article aims to give an overview of the past and current policy developmental strategies and the current status of the Thailand CRC screening program.
Whimsical Path to Math: Implementing the Navigations Series
Authors: Christy Donna M.
Published: March 2021

A Whimsical Path to Math, a series of themebased mathematics lessons, was inspired by my experience during a local school's Reading Week program. Dressed in costume as Mrs. Springtime-Fairy and reading Waiting for Wings (Ehlert 2001) to a class of prekindergarten students, I was awed by the delight and enthusiasm that the students displayed. Being a mathematics teacher, their reaction inspired me to create a mathematically rich series of thematic lessons laced with storybook fantasy for students in prekindergarten through grade 2.
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY IN ECONOMIC FORENSIC
Authors:   Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Astrakhantseva Irina
Published: March 2021

Scientific research is the result of the author's scientific work and his practical experience as a professional appraiser and forensic expert. The book structure consists of two independent scientific author's studies. They are dedicated to the improvement and development of financial analysis techniques, business and real estate valuation. A feature of the investigated techniques is their application in forensic and pre-trial financial, economic and appraisal forensic examinations. The first section examines the development of financial analysis techniques used by a forensic expert and business appraiser. In bankruptcy cases, an expert reconstructs the company's objective financial and economic activities prior to its insolvency. The expert’s conclusion on financial and economic expertise is one of the main documents of evidentiary value for both plaintiffs and defendants. The author proposes the financial condition techniques for insolvent enterprises, considering the impact of non-market transactions and unfair beneficiaries. The second part presents the establishing corrective coefficients methodology for rent for land plots, state ownership. The developed methodology considers such pricing factors as the type of permitted use of land plots; the level of profitability from activities carried out on the site; the impact of activities on the environment; including the site itself; social orientation of the activities carried out; social and investment attractiveness of the site.
DÉVELOPPER L’AGIR COMPÉTENT DE MENTORS : LE CAS D’ENSEIGNANTS OEUVRANT DANS UN PROGRAMME D’INSERTION PROFESSIONNELLE EN ONTARIO
Authors: Gagnon Nathalie
Published: March 2021

Assumer le rôle de mentor auprès d’enseignants débutants n’est pas une compétence innée et il est impératif qu’ils reçoivent du soutien professionnel afin de développer leurs compétences. Si plusieurs études ont permis d’identifier des éléments à considérer dans la sélection des mentors ou dans l’élaboration de formations leur étant destinées, elles ne permettent pas de cerner avec profondeur la nature de l’expérience vécue par ces enseignants et conséquemment, de comprendre l’influence de cette expérience sur le développement de leur compétence. La recherche présentée ici avait pour objectif de documenter l’expérience d’enseignants-mentors et d’étudier les freins et les leviers pouvant faciliter le développement de leur compétence au regard de la conception de l’agir compétent de Le Boterf.
Una crisis... de confianza
Authors: Estanyol i Casals Elisenda
Published: March 2021

La crisis que estamos viviendo desde hace más de cinco años lleva implícitos aspectos y conceptos macroeconómicos y financieros difíciles de comprender para los que no somos expertos en economía. Aún así, entre todos estos conceptos es también habitual oír hablar de “falta de confianza de los mercados” o de “desconfianza en las políticas económicas”. Y es precisamente sobre el concepto de confianza, uno de los pilares de la disciplina de las relaciones públicas, que intentaremos profundizar en este artículo.
Paz Orero: ''RTVV había dado la espalda a sectores de la sociedad que ahora han protestado para que no se cierre''
Authors: Martínez Martínez Silvia
Published: March 2021

El pasado 4 de noviembre el Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la Comunidad Valenciana (TSJCV) declaraba nulo el ERE que afectó a casi un millar de trabajadores de Radiotelevisión Valenciana (RTVV) y decretaba su readmisión. Pocas horas después, el Consell de la Generalitat Valenciana anunciaba el cierre de RTVV. La profesora Silvia Martínez entrevista a Paz Orero, colaboradora docente de la UOC afectada por el ERE y el cierre del ente público valenciano.
Bajarse de 'La Noria'
Authors: Lalueza Ferran
Published: March 2021

En el momento de redactar este artículo, la continuidad del programa La noria en la parrilla de Telecinco pende de un hilo puesto que se ha quedado sin anunciantes. ¿El detonante de esta insólita desbandada? La entrevista retribuida que realizó el pasado 29 de octubre a la madre de un delincuente convicto.
Biblioteca Antonieta Cot i Miralpeix: ¿una biblioteca más?
Authors: López-Borrull Alexandre
Published: March 2021

En Gràcia, donde vivo, ha abierto hace poco una nueva biblioteca. Concretamente en el barrio barcelonés de Vallcarca-Penitents. ¿Es motivo suficiente para hacer un artículo? Entiendo que sí, y básicamente por dos motivos, y dejo expresamente fuera del debate el hecho que abre un nuevo equipamiento en esta época de crisis económica.
Pedagogical techniques of keeping the attention of internal affairs officers during theoretical lectures on firearms training
Authors: Sinitsyn Evgeniy Igorevich
Published: March 2021

The article considers the main pedagogical techniques helping to keep the attention and interest of internal affairs officers at theoretical lectures during the period of professional training in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The author studies the peculiarities of the structure of a theoretical lecture on firearms training based on the proposed pedagogical techniques. The article focuses on the main reasons of internal affairs officers’ performance decrease during theoretical lectures on firearms training and the ways to improve it using motivating and other factors. The author uses the theoretical methods of cognition (analysis, analogy, the system approach, etc.) and develops the main pedagogical techniques aimed at keeping the attention and improving the performance of students during lectures. The author formulates the following conclusions:  It is possible to get positive and productive results at theoretical lectures on firearms training if they are structured and have a strong methodological basis Due to particular psychological peculiarities and some physiological reasons, during long-lasting learning activity, attention and concentration of internal affairs officers at theoretical lectures on firearms training can be decreased. Therefore, the author suggests using some pedagogical techniques which help to keep attention during all the lessons. To show the particular examples of integration of these techniques with theoretical lectures on firearms training, the author considers educational issues in their connection with the life experience involving the use of firearms by officers during their service. Besides, the author shows how to develop the interest of students via strong motivation. 
Road Police officers training aimed at personal safety protection
Authors: Gol'chevskii Vitalii Feliksovich , Khramtsova Ol'ga Vladimirovna
Published: March 2021

The research object is social relations emerging in the field of road police officers’ personal and collective safety protection while in the execution of their duties. The research object is the formation and improvement of personal safety protection skills of internal affairs officers in the process of their professional training. The topicality of the research is connected with the tasks of professional training quality improvement at the educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and the necessity to maintain the working efficiency of law enforcement officers which determines the effectiveness of their work. The study contains the analysis of road accidents, determines the types of persons allowing them to happen, and describes the proportion of road accidents caused by drivers in a state of alcoholic intoxication. The authors define the main causes of internal affairs and road police officers traumatization; analyze the probability of conflict situations between road police officers and drivers in a state of alcoholic intoxication. The research methodology is based on the methods of involved observation, the analysis of the practical experience of the internal affairs agencies, and the interdisciplinary analysis of academic works and regulating documents in the field under consideration. The scientific novelty of the research is as follows: a) the authors analyze the offences committed in the recent years; b) the authors raise the problem of the improvement of personal safety protection skills of internal affairs officers; c) the authors analyze the contents and the structure of professional training programs. The conclusions of the research substantiate the necessity to improve the main professional training program and to take particular steps aimed at the protection of personal safety of internal affairs officers while in the execution of their duties. The statistical data described in the article as well as the example of a road police officer traumatization while making up a protocol, proves the importance of research in this field.   
Typical offences of the law by security and convoy officers on duty
Authors: Sinitsyn Evgeniy Igorevich , Arkhipov Sergei Nikolaevich
Published: March 2021

The authors describe the examples of possible offences of the law by temporary detention facilities officers, security and convoy officers, and other internal affairs officers responsible for criminal suspects convoying. Such offences are often connected with the disregard of rules of official duty performance or with the improper execution of duties, which leads to the occurrence of emergency situations, such as: an assault on a police officer by an individual or a group of individuals; hostage taking; escape or self-maiming attempts. Based on personal experience and judicial practice materials and regulating documents analysis, the authors consider the key measures aimed at the reduction of the emergency situations rate in the work of temporary detention facilities and security and convoy units. The professional activity of temporary detention facilities officers, as well as security and convoy officers, involves everyday contacts with  suspects, persons accused of crimes, and persons sentenced to imprisonment. Officers convoy them to courts, medical facilities, etc. Such duties become routine for experienced officers, which can lead to the loss of vigilance and cautiousness in the work with criminal suspects. On the other hand, inexperienced officers, not knowing the peculiarities of their service, can also commit dereliction of duty, or worse - neglect of their official duties. Therefore, the issues of control and preventive measures taken by senior officers aimed at avoiding offences of the law by their subordinates, become particularly significant. 
Correlation between unification and differentiation of anti-corruption regulation with regards to public officials
Authors: Andreechev Igor Sergeevich
Published: March 2021

The subject of this research is critical analysis of the differences and similarities of anti-corruption measures established by legislation on corruption prevention in relation to different categories of public officials. A comparison of such positions held is carried out. The goal of this work consists in the assessment of anti-corruption requirements, restrictions, prohibitions, and obligations imposed on various officials, as well as in determination of whether they should be differentiated or unified. The author examines the impact of unification and differentiation upon the development of anti-corruption legislation, and makes proposals on the improvement of anti-corruption regulation. The conclusion is made that the optimal mechanism for anti-corruption regulation should be based on a combination of differentiation and unification with prevalence of the latter. The need for differentiation of anti-corruption restrictions and mechanisms for their implementation should be substantiated by the peculiarities of the status of category of a public official. All amendments to anti-corruption legislation should be examined from the perspective of application of unification requirement, as well as any differentiation should be justified. The acquired results allow formulating recommendations for the improvement of legislation on corruption prevention. For systematization of legislation and its analysis for appropriate application of differentiation or unification of anti-corruption regulation, the author offers an algorithm for assessing substantive and procedural anti-corruption regulation.
Remarks on the outer-independent double Italian domination number
Authors: Volkmann Lutz
Published: March 2021

Let \(G\) be a graph with vertex set \(V(G)\). If \(u\in V(G)\), then \(N[u]\) is the closed neighborhood of \(u\). An outer-independent double Italian dominating function (OIDIDF) on a graph \(G\) is a function \(f:V(G)\longrightarrow \{0,1,2,3\}\) such that if \(f(v)\in\{0,1\}\) for a vertex \(v\in V(G)\), then \(\sum_{x\in N[v]}f(x)\ge 3\), and the set \(\{u\in V(G):f(u)=0\}\) is independent. The weight of an OIDIDF \(f\) is the sum \(\sum_{v\in V(G)}f(v)\). The outer-independent double Italian domination number \(\gamma_{oidI}(G)\) equals the minimum weight of an OIDIDF on \(G\). In this paper we present Nordhaus-Gaddum type bounds on the outer-independent double Italian domination number which improved corresponding results given in [F. Azvin, N. Jafari Rad, L. Volkmann, Bounds on the outer-independent double Italian domination number, Commun. Comb. Optim. 6 (2021), 123-136]. Furthermore, we determine the outer-independent double Italian domination number of some families of graphs.
Gap junction-mediated glycinergic inhibition ensures precise temporal patterning in vocal behavior
Authors: Chagnaud Boris P , Perelmuter Jonathan T , Forlano Paul M , Bass Andrew H
Published: March 2021

Precise neuronal firing is especially important for behaviors highly dependent on the correct sequencing and timing of muscle activity patterns, such as acoustic signaling. Acoustic signaling is an important communication modality for vertebrates, including many teleost fishes. Toadfishes are well known to exhibit high temporal fidelity in synchronous motoneuron firing within a hindbrain network directly determining the temporal structure of natural calls. Here, we investigated how these motoneurons maintain synchronous activation. We show that pronounced temporal precision in population-level motoneuronal firing depends on gap junction-mediated, glycinergic inhibition that generates a period of reduced probability of motoneuron activation. Super-resolution microscopy confirms glycinergic release sites formed by a subset of adjacent premotoneurons contacting motoneuron somata and dendrites. In aggregate, the evidence supports the hypothesis that gap junction-mediated, glycinergic inhibition provides a timing mechanism for achieving synchrony and temporal precision in the millisecond range for rapid modulation of acoustic waveforms.
How Effective are Recasts in Providing Corrective Feedback? - An Analysis of Recent Perspectives
Authors: Yin Xueke
Published: March 2021

Inspired by the previous recast literature, this paper aims to investigate whether more explicit recasts are more effective than implicit recasts in second language grammar teaching and learning. Four empirical studies (two classroom-based and two laboratory-based) on implicit and explicit recasts were reviewed. In the two classroom-based studies, recasts were coded as explicit or implicit according to their length, intonation, number of changes, type of change, prosodic emphasis, etc. The effectiveness of recasts was measured by learners’ successful uptake rate and test scores. Conclusion drawn from these two studies is that more explicit recasts (e.g., short, declarative, reduced, one-change) tend to be more effective than implicit recasts in facilitating second language learning. In the two laboratory-based studies, recasts were divided as explicit or implicit mainly according to their intonation and the number of recast moves. Testing instruments included a spontaneous production test, an oral imitation test, and an untimed grammatically judgement test in one study; and an immediate and delayed error identification and correction tasks in the other study. Test scores and error correction rate were collected to measure the effectiveness of different recasts. Results suggest that, in laboratory settings, more explicit recasts might be more effective than implicit recasts or as effective as implicit recasts in grammar teaching and learning.
Dylan Thomas’s “Over Sir John’s Hill”: The Motif of His Art Songs
Authors: Bharadwaj S
Published: March 2021

In the last dramatic art song “Over Sir John’s Hill,” Dylan Thomas reiterates that the motif of his art songs has been the Yeatsian introspective process of individuation and integration, transfiguration and transformation, the mortal vision of Grecian altruistic art song as seen in his early poem 18 Poems. His Yeatsian process of tragic happiness, his warm impersonal art, his paradoxical sensibility that makes him an artist of success and popularity in contrast to W.H. Auden’s Eliotian motif of metaphysical process of self-annihilation and immortal art, his aesthetic amoral impersonal art, his tragic vision of art song which deprives him of his grandeur and influence. However, the main thrust is extending to the dismembered and discontented Auden the very same process of regeneration that Thomas has offered to the victims of Auden’s art song while ignoring everything about … allegations of tilting, toppling and conspiracy against him. The song also testifies to his Yeatsian cosmopolitan culture maintaining his equanimity and magnanimity when he confronts an atmosphere of envy and ill-will, and hatred and violence.