bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laser and LIDAR in a System for Visibility Distance Estimation in Fog Conditions
Authors: Miclea Razvan-Catalin , Dughir Ciprian , Alexa Florin , Sandru Florin , Silea Ioan
Published: November 2020

Visibility is a critical factor for transportation, even if we refer to air, water, or ground transportation. The biggest trend in the automotive industry is autonomous driving, the number of autonomous vehicles will increase exponentially, prompting changes in the industry and user segment. Unfortunately, these vehicles still have some drawbacks and one, always in attention and topical, will be treated in this paper—visibility distance issue in bad weather conditions, particularly in fog. The way and the speed with which vehicles will determine objects, obstacles, pedestrians, or traffic signs, especially in bad visibility, will determine how the vehicle will behave. In this paper, a new experimental set up is featured, for analyzing the effect of the fog when the laser and LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) radiation are used in visibility distance estimation on public roads. While using our experimental set up, in the laboratory, the information offered by these measurement systems (laser and LIDAR) are evaluated and compared with results offered by human observers in the same fog conditions. The goal is to validate and unitarily apply the results regarding visibility distance, based on information arrives from different systems that are able to estimate this parameter (in foggy weather conditions). Finally, will be notifying the drivers in case of unexpected situations. It is a combination of stationary and of moving systems. The stationary system will be installed on highways or express roads in areas prone to fog, while the moving systems are, or can be, directly installed on the vehicles (autonomous but also non-autonomous).
Accuracy and Reliability of AG501 Articulograph for Mandibular Movement Analysis: A Quantitative Descriptive Study
Authors: Lezcano María Florencia , Dias Fernando , Arias Alain , Fuentes Ramón
Published: November 2020

Electromagnetic articulography (EMA) have been mostly employed to study articulatory movements of speech. This technology appears to be very promising for studying mandibular movements within the field of dentistry. However, there are no studies reporting the validity of EMA for such purpose. The aim of this study is to assess accuracy and reliability of Carstens three-dimensional EMA AG501 in order to validate its use for mandibular movement analysis in dentistry. A set of tests was conducted attaching 16 sensors to a rotating rigid structure placed inside the measurement area. Another set of tests were conducted using a mouth anatomical model with human-like articulatory behaviour. A function of the EMA system called “head correction” was applied to normalize the data of every recording. The system reliability was higher at the centre of the measurement area and decreased toward the edges. Dispersion was greater for raw data than for normalized data. Bland-Altman analysis of agreement between the AG501 and a millimetre ruler used to measure the distance between the sensors revealed limits of agreement between 0.5 mm and −0.9 mm. The results suggest that EMA AG501 is valid for three-dimensional analysis of mandibular biomechanics allowing natural movements.
IoT Botnet Attack Detection Based on Optimized Extreme Gradient Boosting and Feature Selection
Authors: Alqahtani Mnahi , Mathkour Hassan , Ben Ismail Mohamed Maher
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, Internet of Things (IoT) technology has various network applications and has attracted the interest of many research and industrial communities. Particularly, the number of vulnerable or unprotected IoT devices has drastically increased, along with the amount of suspicious activity, such as IoT botnet and large-scale cyber-attacks. In order to address this security issue, researchers have deployed machine and deep learning methods to detect attacks targeting compromised IoT devices. Despite these efforts, developing an efficient and effective attack detection approach for resource-constrained IoT devices remains a challenging task for the security research community. In this paper, we propose an efficient and effective IoT botnet attack detection approach. The proposed approach relies on a Fisher-score-based feature selection method along with a genetic-based extreme gradient boosting (GXGBoost) model in order to determine the most relevant features and to detect IoT botnet attacks. The Fisher score is a representative filter-based feature selection method used to determine significant features and discard irrelevant features through the minimization of intra-class distance and the maximization of inter-class distance. On the other hand, GXGBoost is an optimal and effective model, used to classify the IoT botnet attacks. Several experiments were conducted on a public botnet dataset of IoT devices. The evaluation results obtained using holdout and 10-fold cross-validation techniques showed that the proposed approach had a high detection rate using only three out of the 115 data traffic features and improved the overall performance of the IoT botnet attack detection process.
Investigating the Use of Impedance Flow Cytometry for Classifying the Viability State of E. coli
Authors: Bertelsen Christian Vinther , Franco Julio César , Skands Gustav Erik , Dimaki Maria , Svendsen Winnie Edith
Published: November 2020

Bacteria detection, counting and analysis is of great importance in several fields. When viability plays a major role in decision making, the counting of colony-forming units grown on agar plates remains the gold standard. However, because plate counts depend on the growth of the bacteria, it is a slow procedure and only works with culturable species. Impedance flow cytometry (IFC) is a promising technology for particle detection, counting and characterization. It relies on the perturbation of an electric field by particles flowing through a microfluidic channel. The perturbation is directly related to the electrical properties of the particles, and therefore provides information about their composition and structure. In this work we investigate whether IFC can be used to differentiate viable cells from inactivated cells. Our findings demonstrate that the specific viability state of the bacteria has to be considered, but that with proper characterization thresholds, IFC can be used to classify bacterial viability states. By using three different inactivation methods—ethanol, heat and autoclavation—we have been able to show that the impedance response of Escherichia coli depends on its viability state, but that the specific response depends on the inactivation method. With these findings we expect to be able to optimize IFC for more reliable bacteria detection and counting in the future.
Synchronization Theory-Based Analysis of Coupled Vibrations of Dual-Tube Coriolis Mass Flowmeters
Authors: Li Zhong-Xiang , Hu Chun , Zheng De-Zhi , Fan Shang-Chun
Published: November 2020

Certain nonlinear influences are found in dual-tube Coriolis mass flowmeters (CMFs). According to experimentation, a nonlinearity dominated by frequency-doubling signals can be observed in the measuring signal. In general, such nonlinear effects are simplified as linear systems or neglected through processing. In this paper, a simplified model has been constructed for dual-beam CMFs based on the theory of nonlinear dynamics, with the spring–damper system as the medium for the dual-beam coupled vibrations. Next, the dynamics differential equation of the coupled vibrations is set up on the basis of the Lagrangian equation. Furthermore, numerical solutions are obtained using the Runge–Kutta fourth-order method. The study then fits discrete points of the numerical solutions, which are converted into the frequency domain to observe the existence of frequency-doubling signal components. Our findings show that frequency-doubling components exist in the spectrogram, proving that these nonlinear influences are a result of the motions of coupled vibrations. In this study, non-linear frequency-doubling signal sources are qualitatively analyzed to formulate a theoretical basis for CMFs design.
Multi-Level Information Storage Using Engineered Electromechanical Resonances of Piezoelectric Wafers: A Concept Piezoelectric Quick Response (PQR) Code
Authors: Hakoda Christopher , Davis Eric S. , Pantea Cristian , Chillara Vamshi Krishna
Published: November 2020

A piezoelectric-based method for information storage is presented. It involves engineering the polarization profiles of multiple piezoelectric wafers to enhance/suppress specific electromechanical resonances. These enhanced/suppressed resonances can be used to represent multiple frequency-dependent bits, thus enabling multi-level information storage. This multi-level information storage is demonstrated by achieving three information states for a ternary encoding. Using the three information states, we present an approach to encode and decode information from a 2-by-3 array of piezoelectric wafers that we refer to as a concept Piezoelectric Quick Response (PQR) code. The scaling relation between the number of wafers used and the cumulative number of information states that can be achieved with the proposed methodology is briefly discussed. Potential applications of this methodology include tamper-evident devices, embedded product tags in manufacturing/inventory tracking, and additional layers of security with existing information storage technologies.
THE SYSTEM OF INFORMATICS COMPETENCIES FOR THE MATHEMATICS TEACHER
Authors: Ponomareva Nadiia
Published: November 2020

As a result of the analysis of domestic and foreign standards of key competencies, basic and complete secondary education, teachers’ training (in particular, mathematics teachers’ training) and information technology specialists training, the system of informatics competencies of a mathematics teacher, developed by Yu. S. Ramskyi, was updated in terms of the structure, content and indicators of competencies formation. It has been found out that the formation of the informatics competencies of a mathematics teacher begins with basic informatics competencies, the further development of which occurs primarily in the competencies in system administration, web technologies, programming and systems analysis.
Epidemiological aspects of snakebite accidents in the state of Alagoas in the 2018-2019 biennium
Authors: Araujo dos SANTOS Jerffeson , De Lira SANTOS Daniel , De Oliveira SILVA Renvelly Lorrane , Almeida PINHEIRO Rodrigo , Dos Santos CABRAL Maria Jéssica , Bispo dos SANTOS Claudimary
Published: November 2020

Os acidentes ofídicos são considerados um grande problema para a saúde pública, principalmente em países tropicais, por conta da alta frequência com que ocorrem e pela letalidade que ocasionam. O presente estudo objetivou apresentar uma breve análise epidemiológica dos acidentes ofídicos, no estado de Alagoas, no biênio 2018-2019. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, desenvolvido por meio de levantamento do banco de dados SINAN NET. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: número de casos por município, sexo e faixa etária dos acometidos; e gêneros de ofídios responsáveis pelo maior índice de acidentes. Em 2018 e 2019, a totalidade de acidentes ofídicos no Estado de Alagoas foi de 11.442 e 11.560, respectivamente. Destes, foram selecionados os municípios que registraram no mínimo 100 acidentes, 17 municípios em 2018 com 10.246 casos e 19 municípios em 2019 com 10.443 casos. Nos dois anos, o sexo feminino superou, com registro de 56,2% e 56,8% em 2018 e 2019 respectivamente; e as faixas etárias predominantes, no biênio, foram 20-39 e 40-59 anos. Entre os gêneros ofídicos peçonhentos, Bothrops foi o que causou mais acidentes. Conclui-se que no estado de Alagoas, as notificações por acidentes ofídicos apresentaram um perfil semelhante entre os dois anos consecutivos, bem como, quando comparado com outros estudos realizados em outras regiões do país, tanto em relação à faixa etária mais acometida, quanto a predominância dos acidentes por ofídicos botrópicos.
Use of pitfall traps in the survey of edaphic fauna in the rural area of Traipu - AL
Authors: Santos Daniel de Souza , SILVA* Carlos Henrique Vieira da , SOUSA Jadielson Inácio de , SANTOS Márcio Damasceno , GALDINO Wesley de Oliveira
Published: November 2020

Resumo- Armadilhas do tipo pitfall são utilizadas no meio científico, por ser de extrema importância, pois facilita na coleta de pequenos insetos que circulam na superfície terrestre, os chamados animais edáficos, que normalmente não são tão fáceis de capturar. Com este trabalho, objetivou-se identificar insetos típicos da fauna edáfica na zona rural de Traipu-AL. Para a realização do trabalho foram dispostas quatro armadilhas do tipo pitfall, em um quadrante medindo 4m², com distância equivalente a 1m de uma armadilha para a outra. As coletas foram realizadas diariamente em um período de sete dias (13/04/2020 á 19/04/2020). O material coletado foi colocado em um recipiente com álcool 70% e levado ao Laboratório da Universidade Estadual de Alagoas-UNEAL para a identificação. Portanto, foram coletados 316 insetos, sendo destes, 121 na armadilha “A”, 50 na armadilha “B”, 55 na armadilha “C” e 90 na armadilha “D”. Em geral, observou-se a predominância de formigas, cujas, pertencem a família Formicidae, da ordem Hymenoptera. Levando-se em conta o tempo que as armadilhas pitfall foram observadas, é notório a sua aplicabilidade, tanto no contexto econômico, quanto para estudos científicos, sendo tudo isso possibilitado por ser uma armadilha prática e de fácil manuseio.
Bioactivity of Neem oil in leafhopper nymphs Empoasca kraemeri (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
Authors: CABRAL Maria Jéssica dos Santos , PINHEIRO Rodrigo Almeida
Published: November 2020

A cigarrinha-verde Empoasca kraemeri (Ross e Moore, 1957) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), tem sido relatada como uma das principais pragas que atacam I. batatas. O Neem Azadirachta indica é uma alternativa viável no controle de insetos pragas, pois é um produto natural, não polui o meio ambiente e não causa resistência. Portanto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a bioatividade do óleo de Neem sobre ninfas de E. kraemeri. Para constatação do efeito folhas de Ipomea batatas foram pulverizados nas concentrações 6,0; 3,0; 1,5; 0,75 e 0,25 ul l-1. Foram fornecidas a ninfas e as testemunhas foram pulverizadas com água destilada. O experimento foi mantido, em laboratório, a 25 ± 2°C; UR de 50 ± 10% e fotofase de 12 h. O período de incubação, para todos os tratamentos inclusive as testemunhas, foi de três dias. As concentrações 1,5, 3,0 e 6,0 ul foram as que atingiram mortalidade de 92%, 100% e 100% nas ninfas de E. kraemeri, demonstrando o potencial da Azadirachta indica para controle da cigarrinha. Portanto, conclui-se que, o óleo de Neem ocasionou significativa mortalidade sobre as ninfas de Cigarrinha E. kraemeri .
Fine-Tuning Pyridinic Nitrogen in Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Nanostructures for Boosted Peroxidase-Like Activity and Sensitive Biosensing
Authors: Yan Hongye , Wang Linzhe , Chen Yifeng , Jiao Lei , Wu Yu , Xu Weiqing , Gu Wenling , Song Weiyu , Du Dan , Zhu Chengzhou
Published: November 2020

Carbon materials have been widely used as nanozymes in bioapplications, attributing to their intrinsic enzyme-like activities. Nitrogen (N)-doping has been explored as a promising way to improve the activity of carbon material-based nanozymes (CMNs). However, hindered by the intricate N dopants, the real active site of N-doped CMNs (N-CMNs) has been rarely investigated, which subsequently retards the further progress of high-performance N-CMNs. Here, a series of porous N-CMNs with well-controlled N dopants were synthesized, of which the intrinsic peroxidase (POD)like activity has a positive correlation with the pyridinic N content. Density functional theory calculations also reveal that pyridinic N boosts the intrinsic POD-like activity of N-CMNs. Pyridinic-N dopant can effectively promote the first H
2
O desorption process in comparison with the graphitic and pyrrolic N, which is the key endothermic reaction during the catalytic process. Then, utilizing the optimized nanozymes with high pyridinic N content (N
P
-CMNs) and superior POD-like activity, a facile total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay was developed, holding great promise in the quality assessment of medicine tablets and antioxidant food for healthcare and healthy diet.
Real Estate Market Prices and Floods in Rio Do Sul (Santa Catarina, Brasil): Evidences of Correlations under a Territorial Perspective
Authors: Bogo Rodrigo Sartori , Conceição Eliézer , Longo Eduardo
Published: November 2020

The city of Rio do Sul, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, is marked since its colonization in the last years of the 19th century from frequent and intense floods that shaped its urbanization and relation of its residents with the environment. After the 1983 floods that reached the historical record of 13.56 meters over the riverbed and the 2011 events, the second-highest ever, researchers argued that the local, territorial dynamics of spatial segregation and real estate market changed and became attached to the floods quotas. However, none of them ever showed these conclusions by empirical data, what is the objective of this research. After collecting data from 200 terrain properties to sale on this city, the researchers applied geostatistical (specially kriging) and geoprocessing methods with Geographic Information Systems to identify if there is a relation of cause-effect with the different flood quotas reaching the properties with its market value. The results are that this association exists, but is not the only variable that explains value variations in Rio do Sul, with relevant weight from the city’s centrality to real estate market prices.
To Study the Sensitivity and Specificity of Ankle Brachial Index in Diagnosis of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Diabetics With Coronary Artery Disease at a Large Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Bhat Dr. Sajad Hussain , Majeed Dr. Adil , Dar Dr. Mohd Yousuf , Dar Mohd Yousuf
Published: November 2020

The aim of study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of ankle brachial index in diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease in diabetics with coronary artery disease at a teaching hospital in North India.
Materials and methods: All diabetic patients admitted with coronary artery disease who undergo coronary angiography irrespective of their presentation (stable angina, unstable angina, NSTEMI, STEMI) were included in the study. Systolic blood pressures of both arms at the brachial arteries and both lower limbs at the dorsalis pedis arteries were taken with the help of sphygmomanometer and a hand held doppler probe and recorded in the proforma. The higher of the two systolic pressures recorded at the ankle was divided by the highest of the systolic pressures recorded in the arms to get the ankle brachial index. The results of ABI were compared with peripheral angiography.
Sprawozdanie z konferencji „Reforma administracyjna PRL w latach 1972-1975. Aspekty ustrojowe, kancelaryjne i archiwalne”
Authors: MADEJ Anna
Published: November 2020

A report on the conference ‘Administrative reforms in the Polish People’s Republic in the years 1972-1975. System-related, clerical and archival aspects’.
Outsourcing warfare: Proxy forces in contemporary armed conflicts
Authors: Wither James
Published: November 2020

The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive examination of the different types of armed non-state proxy groups. It discusses their characteristics and sponsorship and how they are employed by states in pursuit of their security and foreign policy objectives. The article also analyses the reasons for the recent increase in the use of proxy forces, including the benefits and risks for states that employ them, as well as the broader impact of proxy forces on the international security environment, including great power competition. Data was collected and analysed from a wide range of secondary source documents. A descriptive, qualitative research methodology was applied to print and on-line publications available from governmental, institutional and academic sources. This involved literature reviews and case studies to provide an in-depth understanding of current thinking on the topic, while also identifying potential areas for further research. The article provides a comprehensive, qualitative analysis of the existing literature and case studies on the topic of proxy forces, which due to the research methodology applied, also relies on the researcher’s judgement, choices and assumptions. Proxy wars will remain the norm for the foreseeable future. Two strategic developments drive this conclusion. Firstly, there is the renewal of great power competition for influence, resources and security, and secondly, the imperative for states to achieve these objectives without employing their military forces in a manner that could cause a major war.
Simulación de flujos compresibles utilizando un esquema explícito de Taylor-Galerkin modificado
Authors:   , Burbridge Horacio Pedro
Published: November 2020

Como ya fue demostrado por diferentes autores, el esquema de Taylor-Galerkin (TG) en el contexto del Método de Elementos Finitos (FEM: Finite Element Method) resulta particularmente adecuado para la solución de flujos compresibles en régimen supersónico que involucran ondas de choque. Sin embargo, el esquema TG presenta inestabilidades en flujos con números de Mach subsónicos. Aún en casos en los cuales el Mach freestream es supersónico, siempre existen regiones del flujo, cerca de las paredes de los obstáculos, en donde la velocidad es baja o próxima a cero y el Mach local es subsónico. Por esto, algunos investigadores desarrollaron el algoritmo “Characteristic Based Split” (CBS) buscando obtener un único esquema que presente un comportamiento adecuado, tanto en regímenes subsónicos como supersónicos. En las últimas dos décadas algunos trabajos establecieron ciertas ventajas en la convergencia del algoritmo CBS comparado con el algoritmo TG. Sin embargo, estas ventajas de convergencia son a costo de tiempo de simulación debido a la operación de “Split” típica del algoritmo CBS. En este trabajo se propone un esquema híbrido denominado Taylor-Galerkin Modificado (MTG: Modified Taylor-Galerkin) que presenta las ventajas de ambos esquemas: mejor convergencia sin costo adicional en términos de tiempo de cómputo. Se aplicaron los esquemas TG, CBS y MTG utilizando elementos finitos hexaédricos en conjunto con una técnica de captura de choque para la solución de flujos aerodinámicos compresibles supersónicos, viscosos y no viscosos. Además, con la intención de obtener un algoritmo eficiente, las matrices elementales son integradas analíticamente. Ésto se realiza con dos enfoques diferentes. En el primer enfoque, la matriz Jacobiana inversa y el determinante de la matriz Jacobiana a nivel de elemento se evalúan con una forma de integración reducida, utilizando el punto situado en el centro del elemento para las matrices de masa, convectivas, difusivas y matrices de estabilización; todas estas matrices están integradas analíticamente usando el Jacobiano en el centro del elemento. En el segundo enfoque, las matrices de masa y convectivas se calculan mediante un esquema de integración completa donde se integra considerando la dependencia del Jacobiano con la posición, mientras que sólo las matrices difusivas y las matrices de estabilización se calculan con integración reducida, utilizando el punto situado en el centro del elemento para calcular la matriz Jacobiana inversa y el determinante de la matriz Jacobiana a nivel de elemento. Por último, este trabajo incorpora el modelo de turbulencia de Spalart-Allmaras, pero utilizando una versión conservativa de la ecuación de transporte de la variable turbulenta. Se prueban los algoritmos para determinar las mejoras de convergencia tanto en casos laminares como turbulentos para diferentes números de Mach (flujos, subsónicos, transónicos y supersónicos).
ONOMASTIC SPACE OF TRANSLATION DISCOURSE: HARMONY vs. DISHARMONY
Authors: Kushnina L.V. , Lesnevska D.S.
Published: November 2020

The authors of the article have studied the onomastic translation discourse considering, on the one hand, the common methodological concept - translation space, and, on the other hand, traditions of analysis existing in the Russian and Bulgarian schools of thought. Such approach creates new scientific view on the problem and leads to the new results. The work of modern French writer O. Bourdeaut “En attendant Bojangles” and its translation to the Russian and Bulgarian languages and entitled as “В ожидании Божанглза” and “В очакване на Боджангълс” correspondingly became the basic concept of the empirical analysis. The novel of O. Bourdeaut is distinguished by the richness of onomastic material which finds its reflection in translation discourse and is traced in the article by the material of three languages: French, Bulgarian and Russian. Taking into consideration the basic provisions of the theory of nomination by A.V. Superanskaya, V.V. Katermina, the theory of text/discourse by V.E. Chernyavskaya, the synergetic concepts of the language by N.L. Myshkina, G.G. Moskalchuk, N.V. Drozhaschikh and others, the interpretative theory of translation by D. Seleskovich and M. Lederer, the authors develop the ideas of the synergy of translation with reference to onomastic space of translation discourse which defines the aim of the present research. Versatile linguistic-and-translation analysis of French-Russian and French-Bulgarian anthroponyms has been carried out and harmonic/disharmonic conformity between them has been revealed. This conformity is opening the translation discourse possibility to become the inherent part of receiving culture. Obtaining harmonicity in the process of translating components of text/discourse onomastic space from one linguistic culture to another is conditioned by the augment of culturally meaningful senses in translation space, i.e. by their synergy. As appears from the research hypothesis which has found its confirmation in the process of analysis, harmonic translation, i.e. translation where senses are adequate to the senses of the original text, in different languages have different personification: the augment of culturally meaningful senses is varied depending on the abstract or routine national-cultural values of ethnos. The authors of this work have made a conclusion that every harmonic translation is as unique as the original text. In those cases when the components of onomastic space of translation discourse have translation mistakes and discrepancies the fragments including them are recognized to be disharmonic and unacceptable for receiving linguistic culture.
INTERPRETATION OF A.P. CHEKHOV’S STORIES IN THE ANIMATION OF THE END OF ХХ - BEGINNING OF ХXI CENTURIES
Authors: Zvereva T.V.
Published: November 2020

The problem of interaction of literature and animation is the central problem for the given article. On the example of screen versions of A.P. Chekhov’s stories, the author of research shows the processes typical for culture of postmodernism. The illustrative model of animation, typical for the Soviet period, is replaced by an interpretation model at the turn of the XX and XXI centuries. Modern animation is focused not so much on the transmission of Chekhov's storytelling plot, as on the comprehension of the author's intentions hidden in the text. The subject of a detailed analysis is cartoons by Natalia Orlova (“To Whom Shall I Tell My Sorrow”, “Kashtanka”), Sergei Seregin (“Whitebrow”), Alexei Demin (“Ochumelov”), Natalia Malgina (“Lawlessness”). In each of these cartoon films there is a deviation from the plot and a search for fundamentally new graphic solutions. Chekhov's eccentric is adequately embodied in animation, the language of which was originally focused on the "shift of meaning". The article also concludes that the destruction of communication, which defines Chekhov's creative method, is compensated by the ability of the camera to see through what has been said and to overcome the logocentric attitude of Russian culture after the writer.
THE TOPIC OF FAMINE IN THE STORY “АДӘМНӘР” (“PEOPLE”) BY G. IBRAGIMOV: CRITICAL AND LITERATURE STUDY INTROSPECTION
Authors: Akhmetova M.A.
Published: November 2020

The story of Galimjan Ibragimov “People” in different eras was evaluated by literary scholars from various points of view. From the middle of 1920s-1930s - vulgar-sociological treatments formed a basis to exclude the story from the Tatar literature history for many years. After the long-term period of concealment, in 1950s-1970s excessively naturalistic descriptions, not very sustained ideological and art orientation of the story, existence of passive humanity in it and misunderstanding of the principles of socialist realism became an object of criticism. Different views and estimates appear during the perestroika years, uncensored chaos in literature, art when all “forbidden” works began to be published, naturally causing a wide response of experts. Modern studies convince that the story of G. Ibragimov has not lost its relevance to this day, both from the standpoint of historical and literary, and from a purely aesthetic one. The comparative analysis of literary works of different eras about hunger made it possible to feel the influence of time on aesthetic interpretations: from vulgar sociologism, through the Procrustean bed of socialist realism and naturalism to the objective characteristics of pieces of art in the works of scholars of the late XX - early XXI centuries.
MODERN RATIONALISM AND EPISTEMOLOGICAL IDEAS OF RENE DESCARTES
Authors: Brekotkina I.P.
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the main aspects of the paradigm of scientific thinking, which was created by Rene Descartes in the middle of the 17th century. The author focuses on the problem of metaphysical validity of the human mind, as well as the subject-object relations in the epistemological ideas of the French thinker. These questions are explored through the consideration of the “I”-God-nature triad, which is central to Descartes' philosophical concept. The idea of a created mind was for the philosopher the fundamental basis for obtaining reliable knowledge about the world and discoveries in the scientific field. Descartes defined the mind as an instrument of knowledge and paid great attention to the problem of controlling one's own thinking using the method he invented. The thought process becomes an object of observation and reflection on the part of the “I”. The article examines the relationship between freedom and necessity in Cartesian philosophy. One of the most important tasks set by Descartes is to free thinking from prejudice and build a new philosophy. The basic principle of the Cartesian philosophical system was total doubt. The act of doubt reveals the ability of thinking to manifest freedom. Free will is considered by Descartes as one of the registers of human thinking, through which the control of the thought process is carried out.
A robbanószerkezetek felderítésének története 1. (700–1950)
Authors: Szatai Zsolt , Horváth Tibor
Published: November 2020

A kétrészes tanulmányban a robbanószerkezeteket és azok felderítésének történetét mutatják be a szerzők. A robbanószerkezetek feltalálásával és tudatos alkalmazásával jelentősen megváltoztak a hadviselés módszerei. Új eszközök és eljárások jelentek meg, amelyek már elképzelhetetlenek voltak robbanószerkezetek alkalmazása nélkül. Az egyre nagyobb pusztítóképességű robbanószerkezetek létrejöttével párhuzamosan megjelent az igény azok semlegesítésére is. A szemben álló felek egyre nagyobb erőfeszítéseket tettek a robbanószerkezetek felderítésére, azok semlegesítésére és megsemmisítésére. A katonai műveletek befejezését követően a robbanószerkezetek felderítése nem veszített fontosságából, hanem alapvető feltételként jelent meg, hiszen a területeket meg kellett tisztítani a katonai cselekményből visszamaradt és gyilkos veszélyt rejtő robbanószerkezetektől.
Menggumuli Teologi Pastoral Yang Relevan Bagi Indonesia
Authors: Susanto Daniel
Published: November 2020

Abstract: Pastoral theology in Indonesia is inherited from the West. Because the Indonesian context is not the same as that of Western society, theologians in Indonesia need to develop pastoral theology that is relevant to the Indonesian context. This article is an effort to engage with pastoral theology in a way that is relevant to Indonesia. This effort departs from an understanding of the church in Indonesia, which is open and serving. In relation to the traditional understanding of theology and its branches, pastoral theology in Indonesia can be understood as a field of study on theory and practice of pastoral ministry. In addition, pastoral theology is a form of contextual theological reflection. Correlation is a pastoral theological method relevant to Indonesia, because in this method the process of theology starts from pastoral experience. Thus it is closer to the reality of Indonesian life, but this method does not forget Christian message. In order to gain a wider pastoral theological perspective, the understanding of pastoral ministry in Indonesia must be holistic, which includes individual, societal, and environmental perspectives.

 

Keywords: Church, pastoral theology, understanding of pastoral theology, deductive method, inductive method, method of correlation, holistic pastoral ministry.

 

Abstrak: Teologi pastoral di Indonesia diwarisi dari Barat. Para teolog pastoral di Indonesia perlu mengembangkan teologi pastoral yang relevan dengan konteks Indonesia, karena konteks masyarakat Indonesia tidak sama dengan konteks masyarakat Barat. Tulisan ini merupakan sebuah upaya untuk menggumuli teologi pastoral yang relevan bagi Indonesia. Upaya ini berangkat dari pemahaman tentang Gereja di Indonesia yang bersifat terbuka dan melayani. Dalam rangka pembagian teologi ke dalam cabang-cabangnya secara tradisional, teologi pastoral di Indonesia dapat dipandang sebagai salah satu bidang studi atau cabang teologi yang mempelajari teori dan praktik pelayanan pastoral. Di samping itu, teologi pastoral merupakan salah satu bentuk refleksi teologi yang bersifat kontekstual. Metode korelasi merupakan metode berteologi pastoral yang revelan bagi Indonesia, karena dalam metode ini proses berteologi pastoral dimulai dari pengalaman pastoral sehingga lebih dekat dengan realitas, tetapi metode ini tidak melupakan peranan berita Kristiani. Agar refleksi teologi pastoral mempunyai jangkauan yang luas, pemahaman tentang pelayanan pastoral di Indonesia harus bersifat holistik yang mencakup perspektif individu, masyarakat, dan lingkungan hidup.

 

Kata-kata kunci: Gereja, teologi pastoral, pengertian tentang teologi pastoral, metode deduktif, metode induktif, metode korelasi, pelayanan pastoral holistik.
HEART OVER THE HEAD: SCIENCE TEACHERS’ INFLUENCE IN DEVELOPING SELF-AWARENESS AMONG THEIR ADOLESCENT STUDENTS
Authors: Debjani Bhattacharya  , Kaustuv Bhattacharyya  , AbhijitGuha
Published: November 2020

Self-awareness, at any stage, is very important in an individual’s life as it includes the
recognition of cognitive- and social-, as well as emotional intelligence within the self.This study was conducted with an aim to assess ‘teaching with the head’ and ‘teaching with heart’ which one is more powerful in developing self-awareness among their students.The descriptive survey method was used for the 405 students and 58 teachers of Kolkata (South Kolkata and North Kolkata), selected through a random sampling technique. Two standardized questionnaires were prepared for assessing the nature of a student’s self-awareness and teacher’s teaching methods while t-tests were conducted to test the hypotheses. Results indicate that the methods of developing self-awareness must be influenced by the characteristics of the teaching with heart and during adolescence - students become very much aware of themselves which, in turn, emphasizes the requirement of proper development of their self-awareness. Therefore, a major contribution of this study may provide a platform to isolate some of the factors which affect the self-awareness of the adolescent students.

KEYWORDS: Self-awareness, adolescent student,teaching with head,teaching with heart, science teacher.
PENGARUH PELATIHAN DAN PROMOSI PEGAWAI TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA PEGAWAI
Authors: Sihabudin
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui, menjelaskan dan menganlisis pelatihan, promosi pegawai, dan prestasi kerja pegawai Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi (BBPADI) Subang. Selanjutnya  menjelaskan besaran hubungan pelatihan dan promosi pegawai, menjelaskan besaran pengaruh pelatihan terhadap Prestasi Kerja pegawai, menjelaskan besaran pengaruh promosi pegawai terhadap kinerja pegawai baik parsial maupun simultan. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan path analysis dalam menganalisis mengenai hubungan kausal dengan tujuan memisahkan pengaruh langsung dan pengaruh tidak langsung suatu variabel penyebab terhadap variabel akibat. Jumlah sampel yang diambil 150 responden dengan teknik Disproportionate Stradtified Random Sampling. Artikel ini diharapkan dapat memberikan sumbangan bagi pengembangan bidang manajemen khususnya manajemen sumber daya manusia.

Kata kunci: Sumber Daya Manusia, Analisis Kinerja Pegawai, Promosi Pegawai
PENGARUH AIR PERASAN BROKOLI TERHADAP DAYA ANALGETIK PARASETAMOL PADA MENCIT JANTAN BALB/c
Authors: Arfania Maya , Hakim Lukman , Hakim Arfian Rahman
Published: November 2020

abstrak
UJI EFEKTIVITAS SALEP EKSTRAK TERIPANG PASIR (HOLOTHURIA SCABRA) SEBAGAI ANTIINFLAMASI DENGAN METODE UDEM PADA KAKI TIKUS YANG DIINDUKSI KARAGENAN
Authors: Zuniarto Ahmad Azrul , Pradiningsih Anna , Hamidah Ais
Published: November 2020

Abstract
ISOLASI METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI DAUN KAWISTA ( Limonia Acidissima L. )
Authors: Ridwanuloh Dadan , Putama Mursal Iin Lidia
Published: November 2020

Abstrak Tanaman Kawista telah banyak diketahui memiliki manfaat dalam pengobatan tradisional. Hampir semua bagian tanaman kawista seperti akar, kulit batang, daun, getah, dan buahnya telah digunakan secara tradisional untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit . Salah satu contoh pemanfaatan tanaman kawista dalam pengobatan yang menjadi kebiasaan masyarakat adalah mengkonsumsi buah kawista mentah untuk mengobati penyakit diare. Pada penelitian sebelumnya telah diketahui bahwa kandungan fitokimia terdiri dari senyawa alkaloid, saponin, fenol, dan flavonoid (Pandey et.al.2014). 1995). Dilakukan kembali penelitian isolasi metabolit sekunder dari daun kawista. Dari hasil analisis penapisan fitokimia dan kromatografi lempeng tipis (KLT) diketahui akstrak daun kawista mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder golongan, fenolik, flavonoid, tannin, saponin dan terpenoid.

Kata Kunci : isolasi, daun kawista kawista
DAFTAR ISI DAN DEWAN REDAKSI
Authors: DEWAN REDAKSI DAFTAR ISI
Published: November 2020

Susunan Redaksi Jurnal PharmaXplore ( Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi )

Pelindung : Dr. H. Dedi Mulyadi, SE, MM Pimpinan Redaksi : Sungkono, SE, MM Sekretaris Redaksi : Yogi Ginanjar, A.Md Anggota Redaksi : Siti Fatmawati Fatimah, MSc. Apt Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Citra Aryani E, M.Si., Apt Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Tita Novianti, M.Si., Apt Stikes Bakti Tunas Husada Tasikmalaya Risa Kata Putra, M.Si., Apt Stikes Holistik Purwakarta Mitra Bestari : Prof. Dr. Lukman Hakim, M.Sc., Apt Universitas Gadjah Mada Prof. Dr. Sukrasno Institut Teknologi Bandung

Diterbitkan oleh Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang

Alamat Redaksi : Jl. HS Ronggowaluyo Telukjambe Timur Karawang 41361 Telp/Fax. 0267 8403140, email : pharmaxplore@ubpkarawang.ac.id Website : journal.ubpkarawang.ac.id
IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DAUN PETAI CINA (Leucaena leucocephala (Lamk.) De Wit) DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Ermi Abriyani  , Neneng Nurfalah
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAK

Salah satu tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional adalah petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala (Lamk.) de Wit). Secara etnobotani, masyarakat Indonesia telah memanfaatkan daun petai cina sebagai obat-obatan diantaranya sebagai obat luka dan obat bengkak. Petai cina diketahui potensial untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut pada penyakit infeksi. Berdasarkan hal ini dilakukan penelitian mengenai identifikasi metabolit sekunder daun petai cina. Metode yang digunakan yaitu soxhlet, uji fitokimia, ekstraksi cair-cair, kromatografi kolom, uji antibakteri mengunakan metode difusi paper disk dengan konsentrasi 10% b/v, 20% b/v, 30% b/v, 40% b/v, 50%. b/v. Pada pengujian karakteristik senyawa metabolit sekunder daun petai cina memiliki potensi yaitu senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, polifenol dan steroid. Pada pengujian antibakteri menunjukkan konsentrasi 50% zona hambat paling besar dengan hasil pengukuran 6,16 mm pada ekstrak etanol dan pada ekstak n- heksana 4,44 mm.

   Kata Kunci:            Daun Petai Cina (Leucaena leucocephala (Lamk.) de Wit)), Ekstraksi cair-cair, Kromatografi lapis tipis, Kromatografi kolom, St

ABSTRACK

One of the plants used as traditional medicine is (Leucaena leucocephala (Lamk.) De Wit). Ethnobotany, Indonesian people have used Chinese petai leaves as medicines, including wound medicine and swollen medicine. Chinese petai is known to be potential for further development in infectious diseases. Based on this, a study was conducted on the identification of secondary metabolites of Chinese petai leaves. The method used is soxhlet, phytochemical test, liquid-liquid extraction, column chromatography, antibacterial test using paper disk diffusion method with a concentration of 10% b / v, 20% b / v, 30% b / v, 40% b / v, 50%. b / v. In testing the characteristics of secondary metabolites of Chinese petai leaves, they have the potential of alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols and steroids. The antibacterial test for a concentration of 50% has the largest inhibition zone with results of measurements of 6.16 mm on ethanol extract and on n-hexane extract 4.44 mm.

Keywords: (Leucaena leucocephala (Lamk.) De Wit)), Liquid- liquid Extraction Cromatography column, Thin Layer Cromatography, Staphylococcus aureus
STUDI ETNOBOTANI & ETNOFARMAKOLOGI TUMBUHAN OBAT DI DESA CIGUNUNGSARI KECAMATAN TEGALWARU KABUPATEN KARAWANG JAWA BARAT
Authors: Neni Sri Gunarti  , Eva Nurlina
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAK

Tumbuhan obat merupakan tumbuhan yang biasa digunakan oleh masyarakat di Indonesia sebagai bahan obat guna mengobati berbagai penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis tanaman, bagian tanaman yang digunakan, cara pemanfaatan tanaman, serta kesesuaian antara pengetahuan masyarakat desa Cigunungsari secara empiris dengan kajian etnofarmokologi yang sudah di teliti sebelumnya. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan dengan teknik metode snowball sampling yaitu pemilihan informan di dapat dari rekomendasi informan sebelumnya . Penelitian di lakukan dengan cara wawancara dan penyajian data dengan cara kuantitatif yang dilakukan dengan mengukur persentase sitasi. Hasil menunjukan terdapat 23 jenis tanaman obat yang digunakan sebagai obat oleh masyarakat di desa Cigunungsari Kecamatan Tegalwaru Kabupaten karawang. Bagian tanaman yang sering digunakan yaitu daun sebanyak 69,7%, cara penggunaan yang sering dilakukan yaitu dengan cara diminum sebanyak 73,91%, dan cara pengolahan yang paling sering dilakukan adalah dengan cara di rebus yaitu sebanyak 56,52%, serta tidak semua tanaman memiliki kesesuaian dengan kajian etnofarmakologi mengenai khasiat dari tanaman tersebut.

Kata kunci : Etnobotani, etnofarmakologi, tumbuhan obat, snowball sampling.

 

ABSTRACT

 

Medicinal plants are plants commonly used by people in Indonesia as medicinal ingredients to treat various diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of plants, parts of plants used, how to use the plants, and the suitability between the knowledge of the Cigunungsari village people empirically with ethnopharmocological studies that have been studied previously. The research was conducted by interviewing and presenting data in a quantitative way by measuring the percentage of citations. The results showed that there were 23 types of medicinal plants used as medicine by the community in the village of Cigunungsari. Parts of plants that are often used are leaves as much as 69.7%, the method of use that is often done is by drinking as much as 73.91%, and the method of processing most often done is by boiling as much as 56.52%. 

Keywords: Ethnobotany, ethnopharmacology, medicinal plants, snowball sampling.
Rancangan Basis Data Sistem Informasi Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah
Authors: Fery Fadly  , Fadilla Syifa Pramudita
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam rangka membantu dalam perancangaan system usaha kesehatan sekolah di Kota Jambi yang bertujuan dalam deteksi dini masalah kesehatan gizi pada anak sekolah dasar. Perancangan ini menggunakan model SDLC yang mana berdasarkan dari beberapa kebutuhan data dasar dan data yang dibutuhkan dari pihak yang terlibat dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan usaha kesehatan sekolah.
Gesso em terras baixas: alterações químicas do solo e resposta do arroz irrigado e da soja
Authors: Ghisleni Gian , Martins Amanda Posselt , Brauwers Luciano Pinzon , Goulart Mateus Westerhofer , Valer Jeniffer Berté , Duarte Lóren Pacheco , Denardin Luiz Gustavo de Oliveira , Carmona Felipe de Campos
Published: November 2020

Estudos que avaliam a resposta dos cultivos agrícolas às modificações do solo com a gessagem são relativamente abundantes, mas concentrados majoritariamente em terras altas. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a acidez e a disponibilidade de fósforo (P) e potássio (K) do solo e a produtividade do arroz irrigado e da soja, cultivados em terras baixas, com aplicação de doses de gesso agrícola. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em um Planossolo Háplico (Triunfo/Rio Grande do Sul). Os tratamentos consistiram em seis doses de gesso agrícola (0,00; 0,25; 0,50; 1,00; 2,00; e 4,00 t ha-1) e o delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados. O solo foi coletado após a colheita das lavouras, nas camadas de 0–5, 5–10, 10–20 e 20–40 cm. O pH em água, a acidez potencial (H+Al) e o P disponível (Mehlich 1) não foram alterados com a aplicação de gesso agrícola. Após o cultivo de arroz irrigado e na camada de 0–5 cm, houve aumento do teor de K disponível (Mehlich 1) para doses até 1,00 t ha-1 e diminuição do teor para doses maiores (2,00 e 4,00 t ha-1). Após o cultivo de soja, o teor de K disponível não foi alterado com a gessagem. A aplicação de gesso agrícola não influenciou a produtividade do arroz irrigado e da soja na safra avaliada, onde não houve déficit hídrico.
Nikita Kadan. Museum of Vegetation
Authors: Sokołowska Joanna
Published: November 2020

Commentary on Nikita Kadan's work.
ASSESSMENT OF THE TOXIC INFLUENCE OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTANTS IN THE SARATOV REGION DURING THE FOREST FIRES
Authors: Karetnikova A. Yu. , Terekhina E. S. , Shlyapnikov N. V. , Voitovich A. A.
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the hygienic assessment of the potential risk of general toxic effects for the health of the population in the Saratov region as a result of action of pollutants (carbon monoxide, nitrogen mono - and dioxides, ammonia, dust, formaldehyde) during forest fires. The relevance of this work is due to the significant role of forest fires in air pollution and the special vulnerability of the Saratov region to forest fires. The results of the study allow to judge the significant role of forest fires in air pollution in the Saratov region: there are significant excesses of the hygienic permissible levels of maximum single and average daily concentrations of pollutants (nitrogen mono- and dioxides, ammonia, dust, formaldehyde), which create an unfavorable environmental situation, contribute to the development and progression of many human diseases.