bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Corpus-Driven Study on the Revolutionary Image Construction of Sun Yat-sen in English Literature from the Perspective of Attitudinal System in Appraisal Theory
Authors: Luo Yuxiao
Published: March 2022

Under the background of developing the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area and with the purpose of responding to initiatives named “co-building humanities in bay area” and “supporting Zhongshan to promote Sun Yat-sen’s culture,” this research applies AntConc software to establish the English literature corpus related to Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary deeds and analyzes the affect system, judgement system, and appreciation system in the English literature with the theoretical framework of the attitudinal system in appraisal theory. The following are discovered. (1) The proportion of the affect system in the corpus is the largest, while the proportion of the appreciation system is the smallest. Three systems differ greatly in quantity. (2) Focuses described by three systems are consistent. Through specific language representations, it is believed that Sun Yat-sen has the determination to dedicate and sacrifice for the revolution. He is undoubtedly the leader and pioneer of Chinese revolution. (3) Among 1854 language representations, positive attitudinal resources account for as much as 70%, which has important enlightenment in translating Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary deeds to foreigners. Translators should reduce the usage of negative category of the attitudinal system as much as possible and adapt to the internal and ingrained cognitive model of western readers by increasing the usage of positive category of the attitudinal system. In this way, barriers from language representations and conflicts related to the deep culture will be eliminated, and ultimately Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary culture will be exchanged and promoted at home and abroad.
Thinner Central Corneal Thickness is Associated with a Decreased Parapapillary Vessel Density in Normal Tension Glaucoma
Authors: Chuang Lan-Hsin , Koh Yeo-Yang , Chen Henry S. L. , Lin Yun-Hsuan , Lai Chi-Chun
Published: March 2022

This retrospective cross-sectional study, which enrolled 124 normal tension glaucoma (NTG) eyes and 68 healthy eyes as the control, determined the association between central corneal thickness (CCT) and ocular parameters in NTG. CCT was measured using the Pentacam® system, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) was adopted to measure the peripapillary and macular area VDs, and spatial data were based on the Garway–Heath map as illustrated in OCT-A. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were used to statistically analyze for associations between CCT and other factors. In this study, the mean age was similar for both the NTG and control groups. The mean CCT of the NTG group was significantly thinner than that of the control group (533.97 ± 33.11 µm vs. 546.78 ± 38.21 µm;

p

 = .022). Considering all the factors, CCT negatively correlated with visual field (VF) pattern standard deviation (univariate,

p

 = .045). To analyze structural and functional factors separately, we found a significant positive correlation between CCT and whole disc radial peripapillary capillary VD (VDRPC; multivariate,

p

 = .019). To analyze the relationship between all factors and sectoral changes in VDRPC, a significant positive correlation was observed between CCT and inferior temporal VDRPC (univariate,

p

 = .039) and inferior nasal VDRPC (VDRPC IN; univariate,

p

 = .048). In conclusion, this novel study shows that among NTG participants, a thinner cornea correlated with weaker biomechanical properties susceptible to optic nerve tissue displacement, especially in response to mild transient elevation of IOP, leads to compromised ocular microcirculation.
Study on the Failure Mechanism of Lower Cambrian Shale under Different Bedding Dips with Thermosolid Coupling
Authors: Wang Wentao , Wu Zhonghu , Song Huailei , Cui Hengtao , Lou Yili , Tang Motian , Liu Hao
Published: March 2022

To investigate the damage pattern and acoustic emission pattern of temperature on laminated shales, numerical experiments were carried out using the RFPA2D-Thermal numerical software under the effect of thermosolid coupling. During the tests, temperatures of 30°C, 60°C, and 90°C were controlled, and five sets of shales containing different laminar dips were numerically modeled at each temperature, with dips of 0°, 22.5°, 45°, 67.5°, and 90°. The test results show that (1) the increase in temperature reduced the linear elastic phase of the shale specimens in each group, with a significant reduction in the linear elastic phase of the shale at lamina dips of 22.5° and 45°. (2) The lamination effect decreased slightly as the temperature rose from 30°C to 60°C, and the most significant enhancement of the lamination effect on the shale occurred when the temperature reached 90°C. (3) The shale damage pattern is divided into five types (N, ʌ, v, slanted I-type, and cluttered-type), in which the lamina effect is stronger for high-angle lamina dips, and the lamina surface has a strong dominant effect on the entire shale crack expansion. At a temperature of 90°C, the lamina effect and temperature effect of the shale reached their maximum at the same time, and the thermal and load stresses inside the shale acted together causing the shale to show a complex damage mode. (4) The fractal dimension was used to analyze the damage pattern of the shale. The larger the fractal dimension was, the greater the crack rate of the specimen. The fractal dimension curve was flatter at a temperature of 60°C, while at 90°C, the fractal dimension rose rapidly, indicating the most favorable crack expansion in the shale at a temperature of 90°C.
[Retracted] Energy‐Efficient and Secure Opportunistic Routing Protocol for WSN: Performance Analysis with Nature‐Inspired Algorithms and Its Application in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Bangotra Deep Kumar , Singh Yashwant , Kumar Nagesh , Kumar Singh Pradeep , Ojeniyi Adegoke
Published: March 2022

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is made up of tiny sensor nodes. The application of WSN in diverse fields has seen a tremendous escalation in recent years. WSN applications are constrained by the limited set of computing resources possessed by the sensor nodes and the security aspects of data communication in the WSN. Many algorithms based on nature‐inspired optimization (NIO) have been proposed in the past to optimize the issue of energy efficiency and security in WSN. In the proposed work, two opportunistic routing algorithms, i.e., intelligent opportunistic routing protocol (IOP) and trust‐based secure intelligent opportunistic routing protocol (TBSIOP), are compared against two NIO algorithms developed for achieving energy efficiency and security in WSN for performance analysis. The performance is evaluated by simulating the algorithms on MATLAB and comparing the obtained results with existing ACO‐based and PSO‐based routing algorithms. It is observed that the TBSIOP outperforms the NIO‐based algorithms in terms of energy efficiency, network lifetime, packet delivery ratio, end‐to‐end delay, and average risk level. All the parameters under consideration are recorded in the presence of a maximum of 50% malicious nodes for 25, 50, and 100 nodes’ test cases. The increasing size of the network has a significant effect on the performance of TBSIOP, as the packet delivery ratio is close to 100%. Also, TBSIOP can easily avoid malicious nodes during the routing process as reflected from the results. This will improve the network lifetime of TBSIOP compared to other protocols. As far as the application of the work is concerned, it would be beneficial for smart healthcare services. It can also help in better communication during the sharing of data by providing energy‐efficient services and keeping the network alive for a longer period.
Decision Analysis for the Remanufacturing System in the Presence of Carbon Cap and Trade Policy and Low‐Carbon Consumers
Authors: Meng Xiaoge , Xie Shushu , Xi Menghao , Zhao Yingxue
Published: March 2022

This paper considers a remanufacturing system in which an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and an independent remanufacturer (IR) compete with each other. The paper conducts a model analysis for the optimal decisions in the remanufacturing system, taking into account the impacts of consumers’ low‐carbon awareness and carbon cap and trade (CCT) policy. With the studies, it is found that the effects of CCT and consumers’ low‐carbon awareness can be trading off sometimes on the remanufacturing system, and in this case, excessive cultivation of consumers’ low‐carbon awareness will weaken the beneficial effects of CCT on the remanufacturing system due to the resulted excessive consumers’ willingness to pay for the remanufactured products.
Effect of Artery Diameter and Velocity and Vein Diameter on Upper Limb Arteriovenous Fistula Outcomes
Authors: Bahi Morwan
Published: March 2022

Objective. Haemodialysis is an important tool for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients to correct electrolyte disturbance and improve life quality. This requires a method of long-term vascular access. For many ESRD patients, arteriovenous fistula (AVF) formation is the optimal method of access. AVF success and patency are critical to allow access for haemodialysis. Failure to mature and thrombosis are key factors involved in AVF failure. Our aim is to report outcomes from a single-centre, retrospective study investigating the association between artery and vein measurements as well as intraoperative heparin use on autogenous upper limb AVF outcomes. Methods. This retrospective study analyses the influence of artery and vein diameter on AVF outcomes over a 12-month period, from 1 January 2019 through 31 December 2019. The key endpoint was AVF patency and functionality at 6 weeks postoperatively. Results. During our study period, 66 autogenous upper limb AVFs were formed in our tertiary vascular centre. This included 44 radiocephalic, 11 brachiocephalic, and 11 brachiobasilic AVFs. We report an association between minimum vein diameter >2.0 mm and arterial diameter >2.0 mm and AVF success and functionality. Our data did not support intraoperative heparin use as a measure to improve AVF success. Conclusion. This study suggests a statistically significant association between vein and artery diameter (>2.0 mm) with improved AVF patency at 6 weeks postoperatively. We did not observe benefit from intraoperative heparin use.
Prognostic Evaluation of Patients with Rectal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms and Hepatic Metastases: A SEER Database Analysis
Authors: Yan Lijun , Xu Yanling , Pan Jialing , Bai Jian’an , Long Qin , He Na , Hu Ping , Liu Min , Ji Hanzhen , Li Xiaolin , Tang Qiyun
Published: March 2022

Background. This study is aimed at investigating the clinical characteristics and prognosis-affecting factors of patients with rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (r-NENs) and hepatic metastases and offering a scientific-theoretical basis for selective use of an optimized treatment method for r-NENs. Methods. This study was retrospectively evaluated based on the analysis of the data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2016. Results. A total of 4,723 r-NEN patients were enrolled in this study, including 168 patients with hepatic metastases (3.56%). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the overall survival (OS) of patients with hepatic metastases receiving primary tumor excision was obviously greater than that of patients without receiving primary tumor excision (OS: nonsurgical patients vs. patients undergoing local resection:

P
<
0.0001

and nonsurgical patients vs. patients undergoing radical resection:

P
<
0.0001

); the patients with hepatic metastases in the chemotherapy group had a significantly worse prognosis compared with those in the nonchemotherapy group (OS:

P
=
0.021

). Multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that independent affecting factors of overall and tumor-related prognoses in patients with hepatic metastases included tumor grade (G3 and G4), surgical treatment, and chemotherapy. Conclusion. Among r-NEN patients with hepatic metastases, those undergoing radical excision of lower-grade tumors and chemotherapy will have a better prognosis.
Relationship between Salivary Alpha-Amylase Enzyme Activity, Anthropometric Indices, Dietary Habits, and Early Childhood Dental Caries
Authors: Parsaie Zahra , Rezaie Peyman , Azimi Niloofar , Mohammadi Najmeh
Published: March 2022

Objectives. Although early childhood dental caries (ECC) have the same general etiology as other types of caries, predisposing factors are not well elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) activity, body mass index (BMI), dietary habits, and oral hygiene on ECC. Methods. This cross-sectional study was performed on 38 ECC-affected and 41 caries-free children, aged 36 to 72 months. Upon the parents’ consent, 3 mL of non-stimulated saliva was collected from the participants to measure the level of sAA activity through spectrophotometry. Additionally, parents/caretakers completed a structured questionnaire about demographic factors, oral hygiene, and consumption of sugar-containing foods. BMI, BMI z-scores, and percentile data were calculated by using an online calculator. The independent variables were dichotomized and tested through chi-square test, followed by a stepwise logistic regression, by using SPSS software (α = 0.05). Results. The sAA activity was significantly higher in caries-free children (

P
≤
0.001

). However, the mean BMI was not significantly different between the two groups (

P
=
0.49

). Brushing and other measured dietary habits were significantly associated with the development of ECC (

P
≤
0.001

). According to the results of the logistic regression, sAA activity was shown to be a predictor for ECC development (Odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.9 (0.95–0.98)). Conclusion. Children with inherently lower levels of sAA activity were more susceptible to dental caries. Improper nutritional habits and poor oral health care could exacerbate the risk of ECC.
Decolourization of Reactive Red 120 Using Agro Waste-Derived Biochar
Authors: Krishnasamy Srinivasan , Sai Atchyuth Bobbili Aravind , Ravindiran Gokulan , Chidambaram Jodhi , Ramalingam Muralikrishnan , Subramanian Ragunath , Dhaleelur Rahman Zunaithur Rahman , Razack Nasar Ali
Published: March 2022

Adsorption behavior of Reactive Red 120 from aqueous solutions onto rice husk-derived biochar was examined in batch mode of operation. To obtain the optimized conditions, various adsorption variables including temperature, initial dye concentration, biochar dosage, pH, and contact time were studied for effective remediation of the dye. The results showed that biochar uptake capacity varied linearly with biochar dosage and pH, but varied nonlinearly with temperature. The optimum value of pH, temperature, and a dosage of biochar was obtained as 2.0, 35°C, and 1 g/L, respectively, for reactive red 120 adsorption. TG analysis, FTIR, and SEM were used to investigate biochar characterization, and the results revealed that dye sorption onto biochar caused biochar variation. The possibility of reusing the biochar was examined from desorption studies, and they are conducted by studying different elutants and by altering the ratio of solid to liquid. From the results of experiments, the rice husk-derived biochar was reported to remediate reactive red 120 with the maximum removal efficiency of 75%.
The Antioxidant Properties of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and Its Biochemical, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Pathological Effects on Nicotine-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Rat Liver
Authors: Raeeszadeh Mahdieh , Beheshtipour Javad , Jamali Rozhin , Akbari Abolfazl
Published: March 2022

Medicago sativa Linn or alfalfa is a tonic plant rich in proteins, vitamins, and minerals that is used to treat many diseases due to its pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of alfalfa methanolic extract (AME) on the prevention of liver damage caused by nicotine. The total phenols, flavonoids levels, and the free radical scavenging activity of its extract (IC50) were measured. In this study, 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups as control (untreated), N (nicotine only), T1, T2, and T3 (nicotine + AME 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg/day, respectively). AME (orally) and nicotine (intraperitoneal injection, 0.5 mg/kg/day) were then administered for 21 days. Weight gain, the liver-to-body weight ratio, liver functional enzymes, and the lipid profile were measured. Moreover, we evaluated oxidative stress, proinflammatory parameters, and histopathological changes in the liver. Total phenols, flavonoids, and IC50 were determined as

51.68
±
0.62

 mg GAE/g,

18.55
±
1.01

 mg QE/g, and

350.91
±
16.46

 μg/ml, respectively. Nicotine changed the measured parameters to abnormal. AME increased weight gain, the liver-to-body weight ratio, and enzymatic antioxidant levels and decreased malondialdehyde, liver functional enzymes, and proinflammatory cytokine levels. The lipid profile and histopathological changes have also been improved by AME in a dose-dependent manner. The results showed that AME in a dose-dependent manner by improving the inflammation and oxidative damage could improve the liver damage caused by nicotine.
Sources of Forecast Errors for Rainstorms in the South China Monsoon Region
Authors: Lin Lin , Lu Chuhan , Zhou Feifan
Published: March 2022

The possible sources of forecast errors associated with rainstorms in the South China monsoon region were investigated based on Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model forecasts for 19 rainstorm cases that occurred in the past 13 years. Two datasets were separately selected as the initial fields of WRF with the same physical parameterization schemes. By investigating the improvement rate of the forecast when using one set of data rather than the other, the important degree of the initial conditions with respect to the forecasts for each case has been obtained. For those initial errors are the important sources of forecast errors, we further explored the source of the initial errors by comparing the two initial conditions. It was found that, interestingly, the significant differences between two initial conditions are all located upstream the rainfall area, with a distance of 5° of longitude away and an area of about 4° × 4°. Based on this, we developed a new method (which we refer to as the “guide flow method”) to identify the sensitive area for rainstorm forecasts in the South China monsoon region and then examined the efficiency of the sensitive areas. It was found that reducing the initial errors in the sensitive areas leads to better forecast results than doing the same in other areas. Thus, the sensitive areas are the source areas of forecast errors for rainstorms in the South China monsoon region.
Individual and Community-Level Determinants of Institutional Delivery Services among Women in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Setu Sarmistha Paul , Islam Md. Akhtarul , Halim Sk. Faijan Bin
Published: March 2022

Background. Improving maternal mortality attracts considerable interest with the critical invention through institutional delivery services (IDS) in reducing maternal death during delivery and ensuring safe childbirth. The influence of both individual and community-level factors is essential to using IDS. Problem Statement. Maternal death may occur at any time, but delivery without designated healthcare is by far the most dangerous time for both woman and her baby. Therefore, to combat the global burden of maternal mortality, it is necessary to ensure IDS worldwide. Objectives. This study explores the current knowledge of individual and community-level covariates and examines their extent of influence on the utilization of IDS in Bangladesh. Methods. Utilizing Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) data, this study has used two-level random intercept binary logistic regression, together with the average annual rate of increase (AARI) in the utilization of IDS and related variables. Results. This study found appreciable changes in seeking IDS, increases from 3.4% in 2007 to 51.9% in 2017, and half of the total deliveries (51%) took place in healthcare. About 26% of the total variation in the utilization of IDS is owing to differences across communities. Further, covariates including communities with higher educated women, higher utilization of ANC and access to media and at individual level, religion, maternal and parental education, wealth index, and mother-level factors (i.e., age at birth, BMI, occupation, ANC visit, birth order, own health care decision, pregnancy intention, and exposure to media) showed significant association with the utilization of IDS. Conclusion. This study observed the association between individual and community-level factors and IDS uptake. Thus, any future strategies must address individual level and community-level challenges and undertake a multisectoral approach to enhance the uptake of IDS.
Low-Energy Data Fusion Privacy Protection Algorithm for Three-Dimensional Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Feng Limin , Liu Bo
Published: March 2022

Wireless sensor networks are now widely used in a variety of fields. It has the advantages of being low cost, practical, and adaptable. Methods of data fusion can help to increase efficiency. However, in the process of information transmission, once some nodes are invaded, the privacy of data will be threatened. Therefore, the research on its data privacy protection technology is very important. Under the premise of ensuring data privacy, existing data fusion methods of this type complete data fusion by preventing other nodes from knowing the private data collected by sensor nodes. Research on the current hot issues of data fusion privacy protection improves the shortcomings of traditional data fusion privacy protection technology and proposes an improvement, innovation, and three-dimensional space-oriented wireless sensor network low-energy data fusion privacy algorithm LEC-CPDA. Through simulation experiments and theoretical analysis, it is concluded that the LEC-CPDA algorithm can significantly improve the protection of privacy and improve the accuracy of data fusion.
lncRNA LEF1-AS1 Acts as a Novel Biomarker and Promotes Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression and Metastasis by Targeting the miR-221-5p/GJA1 Axis
Authors: Fan Junda , Wang Cheng , Zhai Xingyou , Li Jianhui , Ju Jun , Zhu Yuying , Zheng Shikang , Ren Nan , Huang Bangqing , Jiang Xinying , Xie Yingli , Zhao Kai , Liu Mingbo
Published: March 2022

Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) is highly malignant and extremely aggressive, making it one of the worst prognoses among all kinds of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC); therefore, gaining insight into molecular mechanisms of HSCC is of profound significance. In the current manuscript, we revealed the elevated expression of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LEF1-AS1 in HNSCC which was associated with the poor prognosis by bioinformatic analysis. Moreover, we noticed that LEF1-AS1 dramatically accelerated the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in HSCC cell line FaDu. Most importantly, we illustrated that LEF1-AS1 played as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) via sponging miR-221-5p and thereby positively regulated gap junction protein alpha 1 (GJA1) expression, thus aggravated tumor progression and EMT. In conclusion, for the first time, we demonstrated lncRNA LEF1-AS1 as a novel biomarker for HNSCC and suggested LEF1-AS1/miR-221-5p/GJA1 axis as promising diagnostic and therapeutic target for HSCC treatment.
The Role of PDGFRA in Predicting Oncological and Immune Characteristics in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wu Zijian , Xu Jin , Tang Rong , Wang Wei , Zhang Bo , Yu Xianjun , Liu Jiang , Shi Si
Published: March 2022

Objective. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal solid gastrointestinal malignancy with poor immune infiltration and a limited response to immunotherapy. The aim of our study was to explore the predictive value of platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and their receptors (PDGFRs), which are widely expressed in various tumor cells. Methods. Transcriptomic data with follow-up information were obtained from the GEO, TCGA and ArrayExpress. The Kaplan–Meier (KM) method and univariate Cox (UniCox) proportional hazard regression were used to show the survival outcomes of the groups. Immune infiltration was analyzed using the online databases TISCH, TISIDB, TIMER2.0, and TIDE as well as the R packages “estimate” and “GSVA.” Mutation and functional enrichment analyses were conducted using the R packages “maftools,” “clusterProfiler,” and online repository HOME for Researchers. Finally, the results were validated in 79 samples from our cancer center. Results. Survival analysis using public databases and the FUSCC cohort indicated PDGFRA to be associated with prolonged overall survival (OS) (both

p
<
0.05

). PDGFRA expression was highest in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) of PDAC, as validated in public databases and cell lines from our cancer center. The high expression of PDGFRA was associated with increased immune infiltration and potent T cell cytotoxicity in PDAC. Conclusion. In summary, high PDGFRA expression is associated with increased immune infiltration and prolonged OS. This finding might provide a new strategy for regulating immune cell infiltration in PDAC and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Analysis of Structural Characteristics of Underground Cavern Group by Simulating All Cavern Excavation
Authors: Hu Shaopei , Su Chao , Zhang Heng , Cao Enhua , Yuan Rongyao , Xu Yunquan
Published: March 2022

The traditional Three‐dimensional (3D) model for stability analysis of a large underground cavern group only includes the main powerhouse, the main transformer chamber, the tailrace surge tank, the main electrical wire hall, and part of the diversion tunnel and tailwater tunnel. Other caverns excavation are not taken into consideration, which is inconsistent with the actual project. In this study, a 3D Finite Element Method (FEM) model, including all the cavities, and a 3D simplified model containing only part of the cavities were established based on the actual underground cavern group project. We study the structural characteristics of the cavern group during excavation via 3D nonlinear FEM. At the same time, three numerical calculation schemes are designed for comparison. The results show that the simulated distributions of the stress field, deformation field, and plastic zone of the two numerical models are similar, but the magnitudes of the 3D FEM model, which considers all caverns are generally higher than the simplified model. The difference between the two simulated horizontal displacements of the main powerhouse reaches 53.72%. Therefore, from the perspective of engineering safety and actual construction, it is advisable to adopt the 3D FEM model, including all the cavities, when conducting a simulation analysis of the underground cavern group.
The Impact of Wireless Network Mobile Devices on College Students’ Labour Concept Education in Artificial Intelligence Environment
Authors: Li Jingmin
Published: March 2022

To cultivate correct labour values and good labour quality of college students and effectively promote the development of their labour concept education, this work explores the impact of wireless network mobile devices on college students’ labour concept education under the environment of artificial intelligence. Firstly, a questionnaire survey is used to investigate the labour concept of 400 college students. Secondly, the impact of wireless network mobile devices on college students' labour education is obtained by comparing group A (using artificial intelligence APPs for wireless network devices to learn about labour concepts) and group B (using traditional classroom teaching methods for to learn about labour concepts). According to the statistical survey results, about 20% of college students agree that “if they have enough money to live, they do not have to work”; while less than 50% agree that “they cannot be admitted to civil servants and senior managers in the company and are willing to engage in ordinary labour in the future”. Meanwhile, about 50%–60% of college students think that “housework has nothing to do with me, and it’s all the work of adults”. In the question “What would you do when you find that the public area is dirty and poor, but it’s not your turn to be on duty?”, only about 50% of college students are willing to clean actively. Comparing the data of group A and group B suggests that the labour view expressed in group A is more biased in the cognition of labour purpose, and students in group A is more negative and lazier in labour attitude and labour habits, which shows that wireless network mobile devices have a great negative impact on the overall labour view of college students. Therefore, it is revealed in this work that the correct use of artificial intelligence technology in the education of labour concept has extremely important value for the intelligent development of education methods.
Research on Intelligent Evaluation System of Sports Training based on Video Image Acquisition and Scene Semantics
Authors: Ma Yong
Published: March 2022

This paper proposes to check the travel target of the dynamic background in the video surveillance with a fixed camera. A travel target detection method based on video picture acquisition and scene semantics for surveillance video was proposed. First, on the basis of combing the concepts and methods of picture recognition, the semantic information of the scene was fused to eliminate the interference factors in the unnecessary detection area. Secondly, a remote sensing picture visual feature representation method containing a semantic recognition method of remote sensing picture scenes and CSIFT features based on PLSA was presented. 10 types of typical remote sensing picture scenes are used for tests, and the visual vocabulary extraction method remains the same. The fixed visual vocabulary was 600, and the potential semantic subjects changes between 8∼50. The test results indicated that the highest average recognition rate was obtained when the latent semantic topics were 20. Inappropriate latent semantic topics will lead to a decline in recognition rates. The effectiveness of this method was fully verified.
Green Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Opuntia dillenii Aqueous Extracts: Characterization and Their Antimicrobial Assessment
Authors: Ahmed Anees , Rauf Abdur , Hemeg Hassan A. , Qureshi Muhammad Nasimullah , Sharma Rohit , Aljohani Abdullah S. M. , Alhumaydhi Fahad A. , Khan Ibrahim , Alam Amir , Rahman Md. Mominur
Published: March 2022

In the present study, gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized from aqueous extracts of Opuntia dillenii, characterized by various advanced techniques and investigated for antibacterial and antifungal potential. Phytochemical screening of O. dillenii showed the presence of alkaloids, betacyanin, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and phlobatannins. The characterizations of the synthesized metal NPs were performed such as UV‐visible spectrophotometer, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectrophotometer, SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDX (energy‐dispersive X‐ray). Through the application of such advance techniques, the UV‐visible spectrophotometer showed the bands of absorbance for AgNPs and AuNPs at 420 nm and 525 nm range, respectively. The FTIR spectra for both and AgNPs also appeared in the range of 4000‐400 cm-1. SEM was performed for the textural and morphological characteristics of the NPs such as shape, size distribution, and surface structure. Elemental analysis was recorded for the synthesis of Au and AgNPs, which confirmed its purity. The O. dillenii extract and their synthesized Au and AgNPs showed a clear zone of inhibition against the E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumonia, and P. aeruginosa bacteria and T. viride, C. albicans, C. krusei, and A. niger fungal species.
Agent-Based Data Extraction in Bioinformatics
Authors: Shah Shakir Ullah , Hameed Abdul , Ali Almazroi Abdulwahab , Alqarni Mohammed A.
Published: March 2022

Bioinformatics is an active and important research discipline in which molecular data is exponentially growing in complex nature. Because of the substantial research in this field, researchers are faced with critical issues such as bandwidth, storage, and complexity in order to retrieve molecular data. It becomes very difficult to conduct research using low computational devices such as Internet of things and sensors. We are employing migration of the agent technique to decrease network traffic and to mitigate the client’s limited resource problem by utilizing server-side resources to perform large-scale computation. Our proposed solution does not necessitate additional storage or processing power on the client’s side which makes it cost effective. In the proposed solution, (i) an agent visits service provider containing biological data, say sequences requested by the client, (ii) agent fetches the required data, and on the server side it will manipulate the data, and (iii) returns along with the required results to its source platform. Thus, it solves the bandwidth, storage, and computational issues without involving the low resources of the client. For the proof of concept, Java Agent Development (JADE) framework is used as an implementation tool and the results are compared with Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI). It is important to note that our findings reveal that our strategy saves the user up to 16.25% of average time with respect to bandwidth. On the other hand, our approach takes 46.82% less time than the other with respect to data that the agent carries. In addition to the previous contributions, our approach acts as a mashup, to collect data in different format from several service providers, and converts it in any required format. Thus, it solves the problem of complexity hidden in the nature of the data to increase the researchers’ productivity.
Uncovering the Neuroprotective Effect of Hedysarum multijugum Maxim-Chuanxiong Rhizoma Compound on Cerebral Infarction through Quantitative Proteomics
Authors: Wang Guozuo , Zeng Xiaomei , Yang Kailin , Gong Shengqiang , Ge Anqi , Liu Wenlong , He Qi , Zhang Wenhao , Ge Jinwen
Published: March 2022

Objective. To uncover the neuroprotective effect of Hedysarum multijugum Maxim-Chuanxiong Rhizoma compound (Huangqi-Chuanxiong Compound (HCC)) on cerebral infarction (CI) through quantitative proteomics. Method. CI model was established by the modified Zea Longa intracavitary suture blocking method. After modeling, the rats were given intragastric administration for 7 days, once a day. After the 7-day intervention, the neurological function score was performed, the brain tissue was pathologically observed, and the total serum protein was extracted. Then, these proteins were analyzed by LC-MS/MS to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the HCC/CI group and CI/sham operation group. Finally, bioinformatics analysis was used to analyze DEPs, including gene ontology (GO) analysis, pathway analysis, and protein interaction analysis. ELISA and Western blotting were used to verify the proteomics results. Result. The neurological function scores of the HCC group were lower than those of the CI group. HE staining showed that the pathological results of the HCC group were improved. A total of 1340 proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS, of which 1138 proteins contain quantitative information. There are 122 DEPs in the CI/sham operation group and 25 DEPs in the HCC/CI group with fold change >1.3 or <0.77 and FDR<0.05. The 12 upregulated proteins in HCC/CI group include Protein Actn2, Kelch-like protein 41, Alpha-1, 4 glucan phosphorylase, Protein Lrtm2, Dystrophin, Galectin-1, and C4b-binding protein beta chain. The 13 downregulated proteins include Alpha-2 antiplasmin, Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase, Carbonic anhydrase 2, Complement factor I, angiotensinogen, catalase, Protein LOC103691744, and Anionic trypsin-1. The bioinformatics analysis showed that HCC may treat CI through regulating cell-substrate adhesion and regulation, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, angiotensin response (cellular response to angiotensin), positive regulation of the occurrence of nerves and neurons (positive regulation of neurogenesis), inflammatory response, response to hypoxia (response to hypoxia, response to decreased oxygen levels), and cellular calcium homeostasis (cellular calcium ion homeostasis). The results of ELISA and Western blot also showed that, compared with model group, the angiotensinogen and catalase in HCC group were decreased (

P
<
0.05

), which is consistent with the findings of proteomics. Conclusion. The therapeutic mechanism of HCC in the treatment of CI may involve fibrinolysis, cell-matrix adhesion, inflammation, hypoxia, and oxidative stress.
P. micra and F. necrophorum: Hepatic Abscesses in a Healthy Soldier
Authors: Strobel Samuel , Whitaker Daniel , Choi Edwin , Lindow Janelle , Lago Kathryn
Published: March 2022

Parvimonas micra (P. micra) and Fusobacterium necrophorum (F. necrophorum) are two pathogens known to cause odontogenic and oropharyngeal infections. It is exceedingly rare for these bacteria to cause coinfection and even systemic infection. There is limited literature on liver abscesses and bacteremia involving P. micra. Most cases are found in elderly patients with associated gastrointestinal malignancy (24%) or laryngeal pharynx malignancy (28%). However, a substantial portion of described cases were unable to identify a source (36%). A 36-year-old, otherwise healthy male presented for fevers and chills for 2 weeks. After testing negative for initial infectious workup, including COVID-19 multiple times, he was found to have multiple liver abscesses which grew P. micra and F. necrophorum. This case highlights a rare coinfection of hepatic abscesses in an otherwise healthy young immunocompetent adult with a solitary dental caries, resulting in septic shock.
Comparison and Forecasting of VaR Models for Measuring Financial Risk: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Yuling , Xiang Yunshuang , Zhang Huan
Published: March 2022

With increasing extremal risk, VaR has been becoming a popular methodology because it is easy to interpret and calculate. For comparing the performance of extant VaR models, this paper makes an empirical analysis of five VaR models: simple VaR, VaR based on RiskMetrics, VaR based on different distributions of GARCH‐N, GARCH‐GED, and GARCH‐t. We exploit the daily closing prices of the Shanghai Composite Index from January 4, 2010, to April 8, 2020, and divide the entire sample into two periods for empirical analysis. The rolling window is used to update the daily estimation of risk. Based on the failure rates under different significance levels, we test whether a specific VaR model passes the back‐testing. The results indicate that all models, except the RiskMetrics model, pass the test at a 5% level. According to the ideal failure rate, only the GARCH‐GED model can pass the test at a 1% level. For the Kupiec confidence interval, the GARCH‐t model can also pass the back‐testing at all aforementioned levels. Particularly, we find that the GARCH‐GED model has the lowest forecasting failure rate in the class of GARCH models.
COVID-19 in Cirrhotic Patients: Is Portal Vein Thrombosis a Potential Complication?
Authors: Hassnine Alshymaa A , Elsayed Amr M
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Several studies have demonstrated that thromboembolic events increased in patients with coronavirus infection, usually occurring in elderly patients with severe illness, associated with comorbid diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare venous thromboembolic disease occurring typically in patients with an underlying disease such as decompensated cirrhosis with or without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aim. To evaluate incidence of occurrence of acute PVT in cirrhotic patients infected with 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Methods. This cross-sectional, observational study involved 70 patients of the liver cirrhosis: (group A) 28 patients with liver cirrhosis infected with COVID-19, and 42 patients with liver cirrhosis as the control group matched for age and sex (group B). All patients were subjected to thorough medical history, routine investigations (complete blood count, liver, and renal function tests), imaging in the form of abdominal and Doppler ultrasonography to assess the presence of acute PVT, serum ferritin, D-dimer, C-reactive protein, and PCR of COVID-19 for group A only. Results. There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding Doppler ultrasound findings as 3 of the patients in group A had PVT (10.7%), 2 of them had HCC diagnosed by triphasic CT abdomen, and only 1 patient in group B had PVT (2.3%)

p
<
0.05

. Conclusion. In cirrhotic patients infected with COVID-19, portal vein thrombosis may be a potential complication even in the absence of hepatocellular carcinoma; further prospective studies with longer follow-up may be needed.
Coronary Artery Radial Deformation and Velocity in Native and Stented Arteries
Authors: Schwarzman Logan S. , Griza Decebal S. , Frazin Leon J. , Vidovich Mladen I. , Kansal Mayank M.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Coronary arteries are exposed to a variety of complex biomechanical forces during a normal cardiac cycle. These forces have the potential to contribute to coronary stent failure. Recent advances in stent design allow for the transmission of native pulsatile biomechanical forces in the stented vessel. However, there is a significant lack of evidence in a human model to measure vessel motion in native coronary arteries and stent conformability. Thus, we aimed to characterize and define coronary artery radial deformation and the effect of stent implantation on arterial deformation. Materials and Methods. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) pullback DICOM images were obtained from human coronary arteries using a coronary ultrasound catheter. Using two-dimensional speckle tracking, coronary artery radial deformation was defined as the inward and outward displacement (mm) and velocity (cm/s) of the arterial wall during the cardiac cycle. These deformation values were obtained in native and third-generation drug-eluting stented artery segments. Results. A total of 20 coronary artery segments were independently analyzed pre and poststent implantation for a total of 40 IVUS runs. Stent implantation impacted the degree of radial deformation and velocity. Mean radial deformation in native coronary arteries was 0.1230 mm ± 0.0522 mm compared to 0.0775 mm ± 0.0376 mm in stented vessels (

p
=
0.0031

). Mean radial velocity in native coronary arteries was 0.1194 cm/s ± 0.0535 cm/s compared to 0.0840 cm/s ± 0.0399 cm/s in stented vessels (

p
=
0.0228

). Conclusion. In this in vivo analysis of third-generation stents, stent implantation attenuates normal human coronary deformation during the cardiac cycle. The implications of these findings on stent failure and improved clinical outcomes require further investigation.
A Comparative State-of-the-Art Constrained Metaheuristics Framework for TRUSS Optimisation on Shape and Sizing
Authors: Etaati Bahareh , Dehkordi Amin Abdollahi , Sadollah Ali , El-Abd Mohammed , Neshat Mehdi
Published: March 2022

In order to develop the dynamic effectiveness of the structures such as trusses, the application of optimisation methods plays a significant role in improving the shape and size of elements. However, conjoining two heterogeneous variables, nodal coordinates and cross-sectional elements, makes a challenging optimisation problem that is nonlinear, multimodal, large-scale with dynamic constraints. To handle these challenges, evolutionary and swarm optimisation algorithms can be robust and practical tools and show great potential to solve such complex problems. This paper proposed a comparative truss optimisation framework to solve two large-scale structures, including 314-bar and 260-bar trusses. The proposed framework consists of twelve state-of-the-art bio-inspired algorithms. The experimental results show that the marine predators algorithm (MPA) performed best compared with other algorithms in terms of convergence speed and the quality of the proposed designs of the trusses.
Antibacterial Effects of the Novel Blue Laser and Erbium Chromium Laser on Enterococcus Faecalis in Root Canal Dentin with Different Thicknesses
Authors: Hendi Seyedeh Sareh , Ahmadyani Erfan , Alikhani Mohammad Yousef , Farhadian Maryam , Mirzaei Alireza
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effects of 445 nm blue diode lasers and erbium chromium lasers on the biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis in root canal dentin with different thicknesses. Dentin slices with thicknesses of 300, 500, and 1,000 microns were prepared; and after the biofilm formation, they were randomly divided into four groups: group A : Er, Cr:YSGG laser radiation; group B: 445 nm diode laser radiation; group C : laser radiation in three cycles; and control group D: 5 samples of each thickness were selected as a positive control group. Er, Cr:YSGG and diode lasers alone did not significantly reduce the number of bacteria in any of the thicknesses. Only in 1 mm thick sections, the group exposed with the both Er, Cr:YSGG laser and 445 nm diode laser (66%) significantly reduced the number of bacteria. There was a significant difference in a thickness of 0.3 mm compared to a thickness of 1 mm, indicating that these lasers had a better effect at a thickness of 0.3 mm than at 1 mm parts (P-value < 0.008). It seems that these lasers can be used as an adjunct to conventional chemical methods in cleaning infected canals.
Development of Starch-Based Bioplastic from Jackfruit Seed
Authors: Nguyen Trieu Khoa , That Nguyen Thy Ton , Nguyen Nien Thi , Nguyen Ha Thi
Published: March 2022

In this article, jackfruit seed starch plasticized with common plasticizers was developed and characterized. At the first step, the research papers that dealt with the fabrication and characterization of starch-based bioplastics were synthesized and analyzed. Next, jackfruit seeds were selected as a source for starch because of their large availability, low price or even free, and high starch capacity. Afterward, a starch-based bioplastic fabrication procedure was proposed. From preliminary tests, plasticizers were sufficiently selected, including water, glycerol, natri bicarbonate, and acid citric. Using different combinations of these plasticizers, four types of bioplastics were then fabricated to study the effect of the plasticizers as well as to characterize the properties of the corresponding bioplastics. A cutting tool for ASTM D412 type A standard tensile testing specimen was then designed and fabricated. Using these dog-bone specimens, tensile results showed that the hardness of the fabricated bioplastic was positively proportional to the ratio of the starch. Furthermore, from SEM characterization, the bioplastic specimens were fully plasticized. Although the fabricated bioplastic has lower mechanical properties than petroleum-based plastics, its environmental friendliness and high potential added value promise to be a material of the future.