bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Escape Room en la clase de lenguas para fines específicos: una nueva forma de escapar del aula digital
Authors:   Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Aller Carrera Tamara
Published: July 2023

El insólito contexto pandémico, provocado por el COVID-19, ocasionó un cambio abrupto en las prácticas docentes. Así pues, el traslado de las aulas presenciales al contexto a distancia y digital tuvo como efecto la reinvención de los ambientes de aprendizaje y sus consecuentes procesos pedagógicos. A fin de intentar enfrentar el nuevo reto educativo, durante el estado de contingencia se pretendió renovar las experiencias didácticas realizadas en las clases de español para fines específicos, transformando, de este modo, el tradicional Escape Room Educativo al espacio virtual. Por consiguiente, a través de mi experiencia docente como profesora de español como lengua extranjera para la formación de profesionales del sector de los negocios y del turismo en el Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (Portugal), se presentan algunos ejemplos de experiencias de Escape Room digital y en línea llevadas a cabo durante el año lectivo 2019/2020. Con este trabajo se procura, por tanto, ofrecer algunas orientaciones y estrategias para la creación de enigmas y retos digitales con el fin de promover el trabajo en equipo y colaborativo, así como mejorar las capacidades de negociación y raciocinio intelectual del alumnado mediante el uso del pensamiento lógico y deductivo para la resolución de problemas. Debido a nuestra experiencia, se puede concluir que esta estrategia pedagógica basada en dinámicas y mecanismos propios del juego y la gamificación ofrecen al alumno experiencias inmersivas de aprendizaje en torno a una narrativa conductora en la que prevalece el misterio, la intriga y, sobre todo, la motivación.
Traducción de la terminología jurídica: obstáculos y desafíos
Authors:   Universidad de Sofía San Clemente de Ójrid, Ilieva Ludmila
Published: July 2023

El artículo examina la relación entre Lingüística, Derecho y Traductología, fruto de la cual es la aparición de una ciencia relativamente nueva: la Traductología Jurídica (de la que forma parte el artículo). Su objetivo es formular reglas metodológicas aplicables a la traducción jurídica, centrándose también en la necesidad de un conocimiento especial del ámbito del Derecho, así como en la tendencia de los estudios de traducción jurídica a examinar las prácticas en un contexto social, a conocer el funcionamiento de los textos jurídicos traducidos y, en particular, la terminología jurídica utilizada. Este conocimiento es indispensable para la comunicación jurídica, que está sujeta a las normas propias de cada sistema jurídico, ya que el Derecho crea su propia terminología y fraseología en cada lengua, cultura y país. Partiendo de estas premisas, el estudio de dos casos concretos trata de presentar el camino recorrido por el traductor en la búsqueda del equivalente más adecuado, los conocimientos previos del ámbito del Derecho y de la historia y el funcionamiento del término jurídico necesarios para elegir la variante óptima en la lengua de llegada, pautas que podrían ser de utilidad didáctica en la enseñanza de la traducción jurídica. Se ha comprobado que todo es traducible utilizando distintos métodos cuando falta el término en uno de los lenguajes: desde la elección de un término más comprensible en el lenguaje especializado meta, aplicándolo de forma coherente, sin recurrir a sinónimos, hasta la traducción descriptiva o la variante más general.
Aspectos morfosintácticos de textos jurídicos en español: entre la norma lingüística y la tradición
Authors:   Universidad de Letonia, Placinska Alla
Published: July 2023

El estudio ha sido realizado en el marco del español con fines específicos y se centra en las trasformaciones que ha vivido el concepto de la norma lingüística en el contexto de los escritos jurídicos, así como en la importancia que posee la tradición lingüística para la formación de los futuros traductores. La interpertación y la traducción de los escritos jurídicos suponen un gran reto debido a su complejidad léxica y morfosintáctica. El futuro traductor necesita desarrollar tanto la competencia textual como la competencia extralingüística para poder interpretar correctamente los conceptos e ideas escondidas en los laberintos de unos pasajes sintácticos largos. La importancia de la tradición lingüística se ejemplifíca con el análisis de la sinonimía sintáctica en las oraciones subordinadas adverbiales impropias de tipo condicional utilizadas en el texto de la Constitución Española aprobada en 1978, lo que representa una parte del análisis empírico. La aproximación teórica se basa en el método cualitativo de análisis crítico de la literatura teórica y se centra en el enfoque comunicativo-discursivo desplegado en los trabajos de Álvarez (1995), Bayo Delgado (1996), Gutiérrez Arconés (2015) y Santiago-Guervós (2001). Los resultados del estudio permiten concluir que el lenguaje de los escritos jurídicos está cambiando y se hace necesaria una propuesta con posibles soluciones con el fin de homologar la tradición con la norma lingüística de uso actual.
La realidad virtual como herramienta educativa en LE/ELE: estudio exploratorio y propuesta didáctica
Authors:   Universidad de Letonia, Serén Raposo Lara Isabel
Published: July 2023

La tecnología de la realidad aumentada (RA), la realidad virtual (RV) y la inmersiva (RVI) es una herramienta educativa con muchas posibilidades de explotación, siendo un campo emergente cada vez más usado en diversos ámbitos. En el contexto de la enseñanza lenguas extranjeras (LE) y de español como lengua extranjera (ELE) concretamente, diversos autores defienden que se podría implementar de manera significativa en el aula. El fin de este artículo es presentar una introducción al concepto, recopilar datos significativos de investigaciones previas, introducir diversas aplicaciones y herramientas tecnológicas que proporcionan una experiencia inmersiva en un entorno digital, así como ejemplos de posibles propuestas didácticas basadas en un enfoque comunicativo y conectivista, valorando los aspectos positivos y negativos de su utilización en el aula. Este trabajo, que forma parte de un proyecto de investigación-acción doctoral, se lleva a cabo con vistas a la posterior ampliación del estudio, ya que las expectativas de futuro sugieren dar respuesta a cuestiones sobre el empleo de esta tecnología.
Aplicación de Flashcards para mejorar el aprendizaje de la gramática en la lengua alemana
Authors:   Universitat de les Illes Baleares, Velasco Arranz Begoña
Published: July 2023

Se estudia el efecto de la mnemotécnica Flashcards Digitales sobre el aprendizaje de reglas gramaticales para alemán como L2. En un grupo experimental se emplea esta técnica para memorizar frases ejemplares gramaticales que se aplican en los ejercicios. Se comparan los resultados obtenidos con un grupo de control en el examen y un control posterior. En el grupo experimental se analiza también el efecto de su opinión sobre las frases ejemplares y su experiencia con ellas, así como el uso de las Flashcards Digitales sobre los resultados obtenidos. Los resultados indican que un recuerdo activo de las frases modelo facilita la aplicación correcta de las reglas gramaticales. Su uso en el examen optimiza los resultados, y a medio plazo, los resultados son mejores, es decir, los alumnos recuerdan con más facilidad como resolver problemas gramaticales. El uso de las Flashcards Digitales para aprender frases modelo es especialmente atractivo para estudiantes con dificultad de aprendizaje.
Research on the Reasonable Application of Proportional Liability in Medical Damage Liability
Authors:   Journal of Law research, Wang Qian , Qiu Lening
Published: July 2023

The Civil Code, which came into effect in China in 2021, clearly stipulates the liability for medical damage, and then a large number of medical disputes have occurred in the past two years, which requires theoretical research to respond in time. Due to the high professionalism and complexity of medical activities, patients' own special physique, primary diseases and other related situations often appear in medical damage, which makes it difficult to directly judge the causal relationship in medical damage liability. The court needs to allocate the responsibility in a case when the causal relationship between facts is unknown, which may easily lead to unfair and just judgment results. In view of the above phenomenon, the theory of proportional liability is widely used in judicial practice at home and abroad, and it is also supported by the legislative and academic circles. Of course, before the application of proportional liability, the following problems must be solved theoretically: how to understand the proportional liability in tort law from the doctrinal level, the rationality of the application of proportional liability, and the construction of specific rules for the application of proportional liability. Proportional liability is that the infringer takes responsibility based on the possibility of the damage caused by the infringement. At present, this theory has developed to the degree of rational construction by introducing probability causality and combining the discretion of damage. This paper adopts the methods of normative research, empirical research and comparative law research, trying to clarify the core connotation and theoretical development of proportional liability, demonstrating the rationality of its existence from the legal basis, theoretical value and practical significance of the application of this theory, and finally devoting itself to constructing systematic and complete applicable rules of proportional liability, making necessary preparations for legislation, so as to solve complex and difficult related problems in practice.

2021年中国开始施行的《民法典》明确规定医疗损害责任，随之近两年的医疗纠纷案件大量发生，需要理论研究予以及时回应。由于医疗活动具有高度专业性和复杂性，医疗损害中又经常出现患者自身特殊体质、原发疾病等相关情况，导致医疗损害责任中的因果关系难以直接判断。法院需要在事实因果关系不明的情况下进行个案中的责任分配，容易导致判决结果不够公平正义。针对上述现象，国内外司法实务中大量采用比例责任理论，该理论也受到立法和学理界的支持。当然，在比例责任适用前，必须在理论上解决以下问题：如何从教义学层面理解侵权法上的比例责任、比例责任适用的合理性问题、比例责任适用的具体规则构建问题。比例责任是侵权人基于侵权行为对损害结果造成的可能性大小来承担责任，目前该理论已经发展到通过引入概率因果关系并结合损害的酌定来理性建构的程度。本文采用了规范研究、实证研究、比较法研究等方法，试图厘清比例责任的核心内涵与理论发展脉络，从该理论适用的法理基础、理论价值、实践意义来论证其存在的合理性，最终致力于构建系统完整的比例责任适用规则，为立法进行必要的准备，从而解决实务中复杂疑难的相关问题。
DOES PARENTING STYLE AFFECT ADOLESCENT EMPATHY? A STUDY ON HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Ramadhanti Auliya , Putra Rahman Pranovri , Rizky Deo Alfa
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between types of parenting patterns and empathetic attitudes of SMA Negeri 2 Solok City students. This study uses a correlational quantitative method. Data was collected using a parenting scale totaling 31 items and an empathy scale totaling 17 items. The population in this study was 317 students of SMA Negeri 2 Solok City, and the sample amounted to 176 students. The sample was determined by a Simple random sampling technique. Then the data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis. The results of this study indicate that the level of empathy is in the moderate category. The types of parenting patterns in SMA Negeri 2 Solok City students are divided into 3, namely authoritarian parenting, democratic parenting, and permissive parenting. Of the three types of parenting, the most influential and dominant parenting pattern used by parents of SMA Negeri 2 Solok City students is democratic parenting. The correlation test results between the types of parenting patterns and empathy show that authoritarian parenting and empathy do not have a significant relationship with the person correlation coefficient value of - 0.091; democratic parenting and empathy have a positive and significant relationship with the value of the person correlation coefficient. significant with a person correlation coefficient of 0.640, and permissive parenting and empathy have a negative relationship with a person correlation coefficient of -0.21. a person correlation coefficient of -0.218.
ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP IN LEARNING INTEREST TO LEARNING OUTCOMES STATIC FLUID MATERIAL IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Oktavia Sri Wina , Septiani Neni , Sinaga Feliza , Qoidah Nikma Nur
Published: July 2023

This study uses a quantitative method using a questionnaire instrument distributed online which aims to analyze the relationship between learning interest and learning outcomes at SMA Negeri 4 Sungai Penuh academic year 2020/2021. The subjects in this study were students of class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 4 Sungai Penuh 72 people. Analysis of quantitative research using the SPSS program to test assumptions (normality and linearity) and making hypotheses through the correlation test obtained a person correlation value of 0.022 <0.05, so it is stated that Ho is rejected or there is a relationship between interest in learning and student learning outcomes physics in SMA Negeri 4 Sungai Penuh.
Caracterización del Riesgo Percibido en el Uso de Criptomonedas. Una Revisión de Literatura
Authors: Rojas Rincón Joan Sebastián
Published: July 2023

Las criptomonedas se han consolidado como un tema de discusión en el campo académico y profesional, en consonancia con esta circunstancia, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo caracterizar el riesgo percibido en el uso de criptomonedas. Para ello se realizó una revisión de literatura académica en artículos indexados en Scopus. Para tal fin, se propuso una ecuación de búsqueda que incluye palabras relacionadas con las criptomonedas, así como categorías o términos que incluyen al riesgo percibido y constructos conexos como la aceptación tecnológica. La aproximación al riesgo percibido se fundamenta en la teoría de la acción razonada (TRA) que pretende comprender y explicar el uso de una tecnología en diferentes entornos y lugares mediante el análisis del comportamiento de las personas. Se encontraron veinticuatro documentos sobre los cuales se llevó a cabo la revisión; se seleccionaron los diez más influyentes para profundizar en su caracterización, utilizando como criterio el número de citas recibidas. Esta caracterización parte de una tabla que permite identificar algunos metadatos importantes como el autor, el año, el documento y la revista; así como también, un extracto de contenido que permite dar cuenta de su aproximación al riesgo percibido. A partir de lo anterior, se llevó a cabo una discusión teórica donde se integran los hallazgos con otros referentes teóricos. Al final, se concluyó que, si bien el riesgo percibido es una categoría importante de análisis, también es clave abordar otros factores que inducen la adopción de la tecnología como la utilidad de uso percibida.
Percepción y tratamiento de la diversidad humana desde el análisis del discurso de futuros educadores
Authors: García-Segura Sonia , Martínez-Carmona María José , Gil-Pino Carmen
Published: July 2023

Introducción. Este trabajo presenta una investigación cualitativa en la que se interroga el discurso alojado en los textos normativos sobre el principio de atención a la diversidad en función de la experiencia escolar y docente de estudiantes de posgrado de una universidad española. Objetivo. El objetivo es traspasar los límites de la superficie de las palabras que exhiben los textos legales y acceder al trasfondo de estos a la luz de vivencias significativas narradas por las personas participantes. Materiales y métodos. El enfoque de investigación que se va a emplear es de corte cualitativo dado su carácter flexible y abierto, ya que este tipo de diseño permite abordar el estudio de problemáticas en la educación superior. Resultados. Los hallazgos desvelan la existencia de cuatro fenómenos inadvertidos: i) la creación del otro como prototipo de su cultura, ii) el distanciamiento de este y la alienación de la diversidad, iii) la elevación de una cultura sobre las otras y, finalmente, iv) la demonización de estas. Conclusiones. Este trabajo permite afirmar que la percepción y el tratamiento de la diversidad están aquejados de cuantiosos sesgos culturales. La proposición final es una invitación a los docentes a que reflexionen sobre su propia práctica para conocer los posibles e inadvertidos desajustes entre esta y los moldes legales, pues solo tomando consciencia de la distancia entre lo que es y lo que debe ser se pueden reconducir las acciones con vistas a crear en los centros educativos una atmósfera de respeto hacia la diversidad.
Complejidad de base: sistema en el pensamiento complejo de Edgar Morin
Authors: Cadavid-Ramírez Lina Marcela , Ríos-Restrepo Leidy Andrea
Published: July 2023

Introducción. Este artículo reflexiona sobre la noción de sistema en el pensamiento deEdgar Morin. Objetivo. Mostrar cómo la unidad compleja de la realidad reemplaza el objeto como entidad ontológica, esencialista y estática, en beneficio del sistema procesual y dinámico. Metodología. A partir de una revisión teórica, se aclara cómo el concepto de complejidad debe entenderse en Morin. Resultados. Se detallan las características del sistema y su vínculo con otra noción fundamental, la de organización.  Conclusiones. En el sistema se encuentran tanto los principios de su transformación como los de su creación y destrucción.
Subordinación de la mujer en los libros educativos de Cartagena
Authors: Álvarez Merlano Nicolás , Vázquez Miraz Pedro
Published: July 2023

Introducción. El sexismo es un patrón cognitivo y comportamental en el cual la figura masculina atribuye a la femenina caracteres que reflejan vulnerabilidad e indefensión alrededor de todas las dimensiones del desarrollo. Si bien este es un tema de las agendas internacionales, pocos son los estudios académicos destinados a indagar su presencia en el material pedagógico escolar.  Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los libros académicos de lenguaje y ciencias sociales vinculados a la propuesta académica que ofertan una muestra de instituciones educativas de carácter público y privado pertenecientes al sector Caribe colombiano (Cartagena de Indias) bajo el propósito de identificar posibles elementos sexistas, por ejemplo, la predominancia de los roles masculinos sobre los femeninos. Materialesy método. Se seleccionaron ocho libros de texto escolares de básica primaria y secundaria elemental del período 2020-2021, provenientes de instituciones educativas oficiales y privadas. Se realizó un análisis de ilustraciones mediante una matriz de recepción de imágenes y un análisis cuantitativo mediante indicadores de género. Resultados. Los resultados indican una pervivencia de los estándares sexistas en siete de los ocho libros analizados, destacando el desbalance en el número de ilustraciones femeninas, e indicadores de presencia y relevancia con relación al género masculino. Conclusiones. Los hallazgos obtenidos invitan a la comunidad educativa a revisar con mayor detenimiento las ilustraciones que anexan en el contenido curricular ofertado en sus libros escolares, dado que la desproporción observada promueve el imaginario sexistay la noción de desamparo en la comunidad estudiantil femenina.
Gestión con termografía infrarroja para instituciones públicas en tiempos de pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Vázquez-Cid de León Carlos , Montesinos-González Salvador , Trujillo-Mata Armin
Published: July 2023

Introducción. Desde el 2020 las instituciones de educación en México se enfrentaron a un reto tan complicado por la ola de contagios de COVID-19, que la mayoría de las escuelas optaron por cerrar sus instalaciones y ofrecer su servicio de educación a distancia. Sinembargo, hubo un impacto negativo que fue sumamente notorio al impedir a los estudiantes la práctica en laboratorios, talleres, e inclusive, se suspendió la interacción personal, lo que generó múltiples fenómenos como depresión, rezago académico, ausentismo y deserción, entre otros casos más. Estos eventos hicieron que se buscaran diversas alternativas para un regreso a clases seguro. Objetivo. Desarrollarlas estrategias para el ingreso a instituciones públicas en tiempos de COVID-19, aplicando un sistema de seguridad mediante el uso de la tecnología de la termografía infrarroja. Materiales y métodos. Se empleó una metodología cuantitativa, transaccional experimental, se empleó la termografía infrarroja como tecnología para aduanas sanitarias y gestión de temperaturas de una comunidad universitaria. De esta manera, se pudo prevenir contacto entre personas con riesgo de contagio y evitar su contacto con personas sanas. Resultados. Se deben considerar medidas de inocuidad con el fin de lograr un ambiente de tranquilidad, reducciónde la percepción de incertidumbre y estrés, además de que no hubo contagios masivos al grado de no tener que suspender actividades académicas. Conclusiones. El incrementar la seguridad en el ingreso, así como poder brindar espacios confiables, son de gran apoyo para el bienestar de las comunidades universitarias.
Los retos de la Educación inclusiva y los horizontes de la divulgación de nuevas narrativas
Authors: Ceballos Henao Leandro
Published: July 2023

La educación inclusiva se ha convertido en un tema recurrente en diferentes espacios de diálogo y formación, además, en una realidad en las aulas de clase, debido a que cada vez es más latente la diversidad que la habita. Como continente afrontamos un reto que genera tensiones ya que tenemos puesta la mirada en Europa como referente para nuestros procesos sociales y educativos, lo que nos lleva a la normalización y la estandarización, desconociendo que somos diversos por naturaleza, en cada país de nuestro continente tenemos pueblos originarios que nos podrían enseñar numerosas formas de ser y estar en armonía con los demás y la naturaleza, reconocer estos saberes es lo que Dussel (2020)llama giro decolonial, pero desconocemos los saberes ancestrales por tener la mirada puesta en un continente que no vive a partir dela diversidad de nuestros territorios.
Research results applied to the field of health: how experience impacts the classroom and society
Authors: Sánchez Naranjo Julio César , Mesa Arenas Heidy Yicel , Ramírez Herrera Andrés Felipe , López Zapata Diego Fernando , Pinzón Duque Óscar Alonso , García Cuevas, Andrés Mauricio , Morales Medina Martha Doris , Trujillo Henao Samuel Eduardo , García Castro Giovanni , Estrada Berrio Yamileth , Méndez Timaná Johana Andrea , Bedoya Gaviria Sandra Milena
Published: July 2023

The Health Sciences Faculty of the Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira has been advancing in the generation of new knowledge and has explored various fields of knowledge. This book presents four pieces of research that have a lot to do with new trends, both in the training of human talent in health, and in the way in which knowledge and technology are applied to solutions to context problems. In this case, it is important to mention the role that high-fidelity clinical simulation has been gaining in the training processes of our students, more specifically the use of theater and the “standardized patients” strategy, in the promotion of professional criteria. The positive impact of a focused training is evident, both in the conceptual development of the individual, and in the appropriation of his role as an agent of social change. The theater promotes an intentional interaction with which knowledge, skills and attitudes can be explored in a medical training process. Likewise, theater has been used as a useful tool in the introduction of therapeutic elements in hospital spaces, such as pediatric, oncology or mental health wards, promoting various ways of interacting with medical staff, or exploring personal aspects. that can improve the clinical evolution of patients. Clinical simulation also contemplates a series of technological elements that, when used for educational purposes, can also promote performance analysis of cognitive, technical, and dexterity skills. This is the case of the clinical simulation put to the service of a CPR skills analysis project, in which, through sensors and performance variables such as force, pressure or response time, they can account for advances in CPR training processes, both for university communities and for health professionals.
Longitudinal Pulmonary Evaluation in Children with Post- COVID-19 Condition and Respiratory Symptoms: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shmueli Einat , Bar-On Ophir , Amir Ben , Mei-Zahav Meir , Stafler Patrick , Levine Hagit , Steuer Guy , Rothchild Benjamin , Zviban Lior , Amitai Nofar , Dotan Miri , Chodick Gabriel , Prais Dario , Ashkenazi-Hofffnung Liat
Published: July 2023

Background: Studies on post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) in adults
have shown deterioration in pulmonary function tests (PFTs), mainly a
diffusion limitation. Among pediatric population data are scarce.
Aim: To characterize PFTs of children with PCC, including
changes over time. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study of
children with defined PCC and respiratory complaints referred to a
designated multidisciplinary clinic from 11/2020 to 12/2022.
Results: 184 children at a mean age of 12.4 years (SD 4.06)
were included. A mild obstructive pattern was demonstrated in 19/170
(11%) at presentation, as indicated by spirometry and/or positive
exercise challenge test and/or reversibility post bronchodilators- only
3 with a previous diagnosis of asthma. Lung volumes and diffusion were
normal in all but one patient (1/134, 0.7%). [Exhaled nitric
oxide](https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/21/1/43)  levels were
elevated in 32/144 (22%). All 33 children who had repeated PFTs had
normal or near-normal PFTs on following testing, including 7 (21.2%)
who had mild obstructive PFTs at presentation. Multivariate analysis
identified older age [OR 1.36 (95% CI:1.07-1.75)] and specific
imaging findings [prominent bronchovascular markings (OR 43.28 (95%
CI: 4.50-416.49)[ and hyperinflation ](OR 28.42, 95% CI:
2.18-370.84)] as significant predictors of an obstructive pattern on
PFTs. Conclusion: In children with PCC and respiratory
symptoms, the most common impairment was mild obstructive pattern; most
of them without a history of asthma. Improvement was witnessed in
long-term follow-up. As opposed to the adult population, no diffusion
limitation was found. Empirical periodic inhaler therapy may be
considered in children with factors associated with PFTs abnormalities.
Exogenous Methylglyoxal Improves Maize Yield by Alleviating Plant Diabetes and leaf senescence under Drought
Authors: ZHOU Shun-Li , Lin Yi-Hsuan , Zhou Ya-Ning , Jin Yu-ka , Xiao Zu-Dong , Zhang Yingjun , Huang Cheng , Hong Bo , Chen Zhen-Yuan , Shen Si
Published: July 2023

Drought-induced leaf senescence is related to high sugar levels in
leaves, photosynthesis inhibition, and ultimate yield loss. This
physiological phenomenon in leaves bears resemblance to the symptom of
diabetes in human disease. However, the underlying mechanisms of plant
diabetes on carbon imbalance in maize leaf and corresponding
detoxification strategy have not been well understood. In this study, we
demonstrated that foliar application of exogenous methylglyoxal (MG)
delayed leaf senescence and promoted photoassimilation, retrieved 14%
yield loss induced by drought stress during grain filling stage.
Transcriptome and metabolite analysis revealed that drought increased
sugar accumulation in leaf with inhibition of sugar transporters
facilitating phloem loading. This further lead to disequilibrium of
glycolysis and over-accumulation of endogenous MG. Contrarily, exogenous
MG significantly upregulated glycolytic flux and glyoxalase system
catabolizing endogenous MG and advanced glycation end products toxicity,
ultimately alleviating plant diabetes. Besides, the genes facilitating
anabolism and catabolism of trehalose-6-phosphate were promoted and
suppressed by drought, respectively, whereas exogenous MG reversed the
effect, revealing that trehalose-6-phosphate metabolism or signaling may
contribute to MG-delayed leaf senescence under drought. Moreover,
exogenous MG increased the activation of phenylpropanoid biosynthetic
pathways, likely promoting cell structural integrity. Collectively,
these results suggest that exogenous MG alleviates the toxic effect from
drought-induced excessive sugar accumulation and activates the
defense-related pathway, thereby maintaining leaf function and yield
production.
A Study on Computing Resource Preference of Supercomputer Users using Logit Model
Authors: Shim Hyungwook , hahm Jaegyoon
Published: July 2023

Currently, in Republic of Korea, most of the research that requires huge
computational resources utilizes the supercomputer resources of the
National Supercomputing Center. However, the average utilization rate of
the resources for the past three years has reached 80%. In order to
secure the stability of the national infrastructure, the establishment
of specialized supercomputing center infrastructure is being promoted to
distribute computational demand by field. Therefore, it is necessary to
accurately predict the computational demand distributed to the
specialized centers in order to build an appropriate scale of
infrastructure for the specialized centers in the future. In this paper,
a preference survey was conducted for national center and specialized
centers by using the results of individual behavior surveys through
logit model analysis applying probability utility theory. Through the
computational demand share of the national center and the specialized
center derived through the analysis results, it will be used as the
highest level of evidence when calculating the infrastructure size of
the specialized center for each field in the future.
Confronting Bias in Whistleblowing: How Race, Gender, and Marital Status Intersect in the Reporting of Unethical Conduct
Authors: Scheetz Andrea M. , Adikaram Ruwan K. B. , Ong Alyssa S. J.
Published: July 2023

Race, gender, and marital status are demographic characteristics that have been shown to influence perceptions and decision making by others. Race and gender, as visible characteristics, influence bystander calls to police and arrests. Further, the race, gender, and marital status of defendants influences the granting of bail, prosecution, and punishment. We test whether the race, gender, and marital status of an alleged perpetrator also impact whistleblowing intentions when the perpetrator is believed to be selling Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)-protected data. We find that the interaction of the race, gender, and marital status of the alleged perpetrator is a significant predictor of both internal and external whistleblowing.

JEL Classifications: M49.
Grading Fractures on Foot and Ankle X-rays and MRI Scans in the Active Charcot Foot in Diabetes: How Strong Is the Agreement Between Modalities?
Authors: Artz Oliver , Meacock Lisa , Elias David A. , Edmonds Michael E. , Petrova Nina L.
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE

To compare X-ray and MRI as diagnostic tests of active Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy (CNO) in diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

X-rays and MRI scans of 48 participants were rated for severity of fracture (0 = no fracture, 1 = fracture, 2 = collapse/fragmentation), and for absence/presence of bone marrow edema (BME) on MRI and absence/presence of bone injury on X-ray. The agreement between modalities was assessed with tests for symmetry, marginal homogeneity, and κ-coefficients.

RESULTS

X-ray underscored MRI in grading fractures in the metatarsals (P = 0.05) and tarsals (P < 0.001) and reported as normal 79% of the bones with BME. The agreement between X-ray and MRI for grading severity of fracture was moderate to substantial (κ = 0.53; P < 0.001) and for detecting bone injury, slight to fair (κ = 0.17; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The significant underperformance of X-ray in the assessment of the hot, swollen foot in diabetes should be considered when confirming or refuting the diagnosis of active CNO.
Effectiveness of Ultrasound-guided VS Electrical-stimulation-guided Botulinum Toxin Injections in Triceps Surae Spasticity after Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Hauret Isabelle , Dobija Lech , Givron Pascale , Goldstein Anna , Pereira Bruno , Coudeyre Emmanuel
Published: July 2023

Objective: To compare the efficacy of botulinum toxin injections using ultrasound-guidance vs electrical-stimulation-guidance in triceps surae (soleus and gastrocnemius) spasticity after stroke.Design: A clinical, single-centre, prospective, interventional, single-blind, cross-over, randomized trial, with outpatients in the tertiary care hospital. After randomization, subjects received electrical-stimulation-guided, followed by ultrasound-guided abobotulinumtoxinA injection (n = 15), or the same 2 procedures in the reverse order (n = 15) with the same operator, 4 months apart. The primary endpoint was the Tardieu scale with the knee straight at 1 month after injection.Results: The 2 groups did not differ in Tardieu scale score (effect size = 0.15, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) –0.22 to 0.51, p = 0.43). In addition, the muscle localization technique used had no influence on walking speed, pain on injection or spasticity, assessed at 1 month after the injection, using the modified Ashworth scale. Ultrasound-guided injections were faster to administer than electrical-stimulation-guided injections.Conclusion: In agreement with previous research, no differences were found in the efficacy of ultrasound-guided or electrical-stimulation-guided abobotulinumtoxinA injections in triceps surae spasticity after stroke. Both techniques are of equal use in guiding muscle localization for botulinum toxin injections in spastic triceps surae.
LAY ABSTRACTThis study compared the efficacy of 2 techniques used to localize botulinum toxin (BoNT-A) injections in triceps surae (soleus and gastrocnemius) spasticity after stroke: ultrasound-guidance vs electrical-stimulation-guidance. The results show that electrostimulation guidance and ultrasound guidance have the same efficacy for BoNT-A injections in triceps surae spasticity. The technique used had no influence on spasticity, walking speed, or pain on injection. Administration of ultrasound-guided injections was faster than electrical-stimulation-guided injections.
Test Instrument to Measure Student’s Level of Chemical Literacy in Macromolecules Topic
Authors: Amelia Oktrilina , Listyarini Risnita Vicky
Published: July 2023

The science literacy level of students can be determined using a measuring instrument, namely a test instrument that includes four aspects of chemical literacy in each item. This study aims to develop a test instrument that is used to measure the achievement of a student's chemical literacy level. The research method used is the Model of Educational Reconstruction (MER). The limited trial of the test instrument was implemented for twelve students in the senior high schools. Data collection was carried out based on validation sheets of test instruments from expert validation, pretest and posttest. Data analysis for the test instrument is based on validation of the test instrument using Aiken’s V formula. Based on the correlation coefficient analysis of the test instrument resulted in 20 valid question items with a correlation coefficient value of 30.8% having moderate validity criteria, 7.7% having high criteria and 12.8% having very high criteria. The reliability test shows that the test instrument is reliable and has a high correlation with the Cronbach Alpha value of of 0.920. The difficulty level of the question and the discriminatory of the question were determined. The results of the student response questionnaire to the test instrument have an average percentage of 79% with practical criteria. This research concludes that the test instruments can be used to measure the level of chemical literacy of students. The chemical literacy level of students at the low level and the nominal level of scientific literacy is the highest level the students can achieve.
Writing Assessment Construction for Madrasah Teacher: Engaging Teacher Faith and Identity Processes
Authors: Sukenti Desi , Ramadhan Syahrul , Mukhaiyar Mukhaiyar , Tambak Syahraini
Published: July 2023

The development of students' academic achievement in the field of Indonesian language is very urgent and for that a writing assessment is needed. The aims of this study is to analyses the involvement of faith and the identity attribution of Indonesian language teachers in developing writing assessments in madrasah. This study uses a phenomenological approach. This study are involving twenty Indonesian teachers in madrasah and conducting in-depth interviews to reveal the narrative of teachers' practices in developing writing assessments. The collected data using first experiences with informants and their reactions to those experiences, a semi-structured interview schedule was used. This study uses thematic analysis to examine the holistic meaning of phenomena through the description of subjective perceptions. The result of study shows involvement of personal morality and religiosity, attribution of identity when assessing, plays a role in the development of writing assessments in Indonesian language and literature in madrasah. The application of faith principles is the main link in the development of writing assessments, in addition to attribution of the identity of God-given personality to the assessment of writing Indonesian language and literature. The identity and writing assessment abilities of Indonesian language teachers develop with various variants, and students' skills and mastery of material also develop in improving literacy, as well as their academic achievements. In conclusion, the results of this exploratory study show that faith and personal identity attribution can develop writing assessments in the Indonesian language field.
Digital-Immigrant Lecturers’ Perceived Easiness About and Acceptance towards E-Learning during the Pandemic Era
Authors: Marzal Jefri , Huda Nizlel , Effendi Hsb Muhammad Haris
Published: July 2023

Most of digital immigrant lecturers (DILs) in university possess good perceived usefulness but at some extent they hold low perceived easiness towards e-learning portals such as the LMS. This study aimed to analyses the digital-immigrant lecturers’ perceived easiness about e-learning portals and the relationship between the perception and their acceptance towards the portals. This study used survey and experimental research designs. The subjects of this study involve 78 participants of the University students of information communication technology peer-tutorial training. A questionnaire was used to collect the data, during the training they were encouraged to express their perceived easiness about and acceptance towards the portals via a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test and the Spearman rho correlation test. The results of the analysis show that the peer-tutorial training increases the digital-immigrant lecturers’ perceived easiness about the portals. The results also show there is a significant correlation between the perceived easiness and their acceptance towards the portals. It seems that the training is effective in promoting the digital-immigrant lecturers’ perceived easiness about the e-learning portals which is significantly contributive to their acceptance to use them.
Students’ Mathematical Reasoning Skills in Solving Mathematical Problems
Authors: Gultom Christine Iriane , Triyanto  , Dewi Retno Sari Saputro
Published: July 2023

Mathematical material will be easily understood through reasoning and that reasoning skills can be trained through mathematics learning. However, there are still many students who do not have good reasoning skills. This study aims to analyses the mathematical reasoning skills of class XI students of Senior High School on trigonometry in solving mathematical problems. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The participants of this study were 2 students, namely student 1 (S1) and student 2 (S2) who were selected by purposive sampling. The instruments used to explore this mathematical reasoning skill were written tests and interviews. Triangulation method was employed to validate the data. The results showed that S1 was able to meet the reasoning indicator in proposing conjectures, predicting the answers and the solution process, performing mathematical manipulation and concluding sentences at the end of a completion. S2 was able to meet the reasoning indicator in proposing conjectures and predicting the answers and the solution process. However, S2 was less capable in performing mathematical manipulation and less capable concluding sentences at the end of a completion.
Remote School Students’ Perspectives on Endemic and Endangered Animals: Knowledge, Reasons, and Solutions Approach
Authors: Marlina Reni , Oktavianty Erwina , Silitonga Haratua Tiur Maria , Hamdani Hamdani , Afandi Afandi
Published: July 2023

Environmental degradation, which is mostly caused by human behavior, has resulted in the increasing number of endangered endemic animals. It is very important to identify the implications of education in junior high school through the KRS approach. This study aims to analyses reveal student perspectives through open questionnaires with reasons, and interviews related to knowledge, reasons, and solutions in protecting EA which can be implemented in Conservation-based Education (CBE) at remote school. The population was comprised of remote school students at a public school consisting of 434 students. The sample involved was 25% of the total population who filled out the EA questionnaire, then 25% of the total students who filled out the questionnaire, namely 26 students were sampled in semi-structured interviews. Data analyses is carried out using tabulation table in the form of an Excel sheet, and processing was carried out using SPSS to obtain information about the total score, mean, CPR, and category of each statement item. The result of this study found that the role of the KRS approach on EA is an effort to establish. Conservation-based Education (CBE) in remote schools is based on the perspective of students which is designed in lesson plans by prioritizing the outcomes in the form of increasing knowledge of the sustainability of EA's existence, description of strategies and stages of EA protection, and  the formation of an EA lover group in collaboration with tourism office so that it has a clear direction of development regarding the existence of EA.
Prospective Science Teachers' Skills in Exploring Reference Sources of Scientific Articles through Science Education Research Methodology Course
Authors: Parmin  , Savitri Erna Noor
Published: July 2023

Prospective science teachers' research proposals are still weak in reference sources because citations from national or international journals are still lacking. The main weakness comes from the reference sources and citation methods. This study aims to measure prospective science teachers' skills in exploring reference sources for scientific articles. Exploratory skills in this research are limited to organizing a theoretical review for a thesis proposal. This research uses mixed methods. Quantitative data is obtained from the score of research proposals prepared by 34 prospective science teachers as research targets, while qualitative data is from analyzing reference sources in research proposals. Each prepares one proposal so that there are 34 research proposals studied. From the results of the proposal assessment, prospective science teachers are still weak in using references that meet the criteria of >80% of journals and reference publication years that meet the criteria of >80% of publications in the last ten years. The study concludes that learning that equips prospective teachers in preparing research proposals requires a curriculum review. Students need more profound knowledge about references, starting from getting to know journals, selecting articles, looking for articles' findings, citing, and compiling a bibliography.
Prospective Teachers Knowledge About the Air Pollutant Standard Index and Fire Disaster Mitigation
Authors: Noviana Eddy , Firdaus L. N. , Hadriana  , Sumarno
Published: July 2023

The knowledge of prospective elementary school teachers about knowledge of the Air Pollutant Standard Index (ISPU) and forest and land fire disaster mitigation is essential. This study aimed to analyze knowledge of the air pollutant standard index and forest and land fire disaster mitigation of prospective elementary school teachers. The approach in this research is to use quantitative survey research. The population is elementary school teacher candidates, with a total of 3000 and 336 research samples. The variables of this study are the knowledge of elementary school teacher candidates. Research instrument used is a test question instrument made with Google Forms and distributed through social media platforms in the form of What Apps. Analysis of research data using descriptive quantitative. The results showed that the knowledge classification of prospective elementary school teachers regarding the standard index of air pollution and forest fire disaster mitigation based on the geographical location of the origin of the university or college consisted of two categories, namely the excellent category and the moderate category. The conclusions from the study show that knowledge of the standard index of air pollution and disaster mitigation of forest and land fires for elementary school teacher candidates in Riau Province, Indonesia is in the medium category.
The Effect of Conceptual Understanding Procedures Learning Model on Students' Higher Level Thinking Skills
Authors: Nurhidayat Wahyu , Surahman Endang , Sujarwanto Eko
Published: July 2023

Learning activities tend to be teacher-centered with conventional learning methods. In addition, the indicators trained are limited to C4 (analyzing) indicators. This has an impact on students' higher order thinking skills. This study aims to analyze the effect of the conceptual understanding procedures learning model on students' higher order thinking skills. This study uses a quasi-experimental research method with a quantitative research approach. The type of research design used is a non-equivalent control group design. The subjects in this study were students science class in senior high school with a study population of 205 students. The sampling technique used is cluster random sampling. The data collection technique used was a description test of 7 questions then measured using the t test. The results showed that the Conceptual Comprehension Procedure learning model had a significant effect on students' higher order thinking skills. This research has implications for the student learning process so that it can become an evaluation lesson for teachers to improve the quality of learning, especially with regard to training students' higher order thinking skills.