bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Haciendo barro, produciendo género. Mujeres en la alfarería de la Galicia rural desde finales del siglo XX.
Authors: Cabana Iglesia Ana , Freire Paz Elena
Published: February 2025

Las mujeres son una realidad en el ejercicio actual de la alfarería en Galicia, como lo eran en el pasado, pero sus roles han mutado. Hasta la década de los 60 desempeñaban labores conceptualizadas como auxiliares o de apoyo, pero eran una excepción en fases como el torneado, a la que solo los varones tenían acceso. En este trabajo analizamos las circunstancias que han posibilitado la feminización de ese oficio propio de la sociedad rural a finales del siglo XX. Tenemos en cuenta tanto la capacidad de agencia de aquellas mujeres que han protagonizado la modificación de los roles de género tradicionales, como la importancia que las actuaciones de recuperación y puesta en valor del oficio por parte de la Administración han adquirido a la hora de transformar las pautas culturales y los imaginarios colectivos de la sociedad rural gallega, que definían la percepción de la feminidad en términos que imposibilitaban el desempeño de la alfarería tradicional
Simone de Beauvoir: un hito clave de una tradición
Authors: Amorós Puente Celia
Published: February 2025

El artículo hace una lectura de El Segundo Sexo orientada a reconstruir las claves de su inserción en la historia de la teoría feminista. Desde esta perspectiva, la lectura retrospectiva de la obra nos la restituye como una radicalización de la tradición ilustrada del pensamiento feminista, pues Beauvoir irracionaliza la pertinencia de una característica ligada al nacimiento en orden a determinar la legitimidad de una identidad adscriptiva: en nuestro caso, la feminidad. Desde el punto de vista prospectivo, propone una reinterpretación de Beauvoir en el contexto de los debates actuales en torno a la categoría de género. Asimismo se valoran sus aportaciones y sus limitaciones en relación con los fundamentos teóricos de la vindicación y la crítica al androcentrismo, así como se contrastan con las premisas del “pensamiento de la diferencia sexual”.
La tela de Penélope. El tiempo para las mujeres en la edad media
Authors: Segura Graiño Cristina
Published: February 2025

Se analiza cómo afectan las diferentes medidas del tiempo a la vida de las mujeres. El tiempo de las mujeres está más en consonancia con la naturaleza. Las medidas del tiempo artificiales son creadas por los hombres por motivos políticos o económicos y atendiendo a reforzar el sistema patriarcal. Las tareas domesticas propias de las mujeres se realizan sin tener en cuenta las diferentes ordenaciones temporales y ocupan todo el "tiempo" de las mujeres.
La construcción de la maternidad como lugar político en las demandas de justicia. Familiares de víctimas del terrorismo de estado y de la violencia institucional en Argentina
Authors: Pita María Victoria
Published: February 2025

En este artículo indagamos sobre los modos en que algunas mujeres asumieron su identidad como madres construyendo desde ella una respuesta colectiva ante la violencia de estado, formulada en términos de demanda de justicia. Para ello, analizamos las experiencias de las mujeres que, durante la última dictadura (1976/83) y bajo la democracia (a partir de 1983) se organizaron para la denuncia de la violencia de estado y la demanda de justicia, con el propósito de identificar y analizar sus formas diferenciales de intervención en la arena pública. ¿Qué aprendizajes sociales han permitido a estas mujeres construirse como colectivo? ¿De que forma se ha producido ese pasaje desde la identidad individual como madres/esposas/hermanas a una identidad colectiva en la que la maternidad se convierte en la llave para su salida al mundo público? La indagación en el itinerario de estas mujeres, en su aprendizaje, en sus experiencias colectivas construidas a partir de una identidad individual como madres nos permite aproximarnos e intentar descifrar los modos de interacción y transformación de las mujeres en un contexto histórico específico. Así, una de las cuestiones que analizamos en el artículo es el proceso de aprendizaje que tuvo y tiene lugar dentro de un movimiento social que no es exclusivamente de mujeres y en el cual ellas sin necesariamente discutir el lugar masculino ni plantear una ruptura global con los modelos de género produjeron un nuevo espacio de intervención en la escena pública. Sostenemos que es el pasaje de la identidad de madre hacia la construcción de la maternidad como subjetividad política lo que ha propiciado en términos individuales su crecimiento y en términos colectivos la emergencia de un campo de activismo capaz de producir ciudadanía. Es a través de la descripción y análisis de este proceso que finalmente concluimos que el carácter productivo de este activismo parece residir, desde nuestra perspectiva, en su capacidad de ampliar el campo de lo público, de generar lazos y solidaridades horizontales, que tienden a una creciente ciudadanización a través de la lucha por el derecho a los derechos.
Herencia, propiedad y mujeres: consideraciones comparativas
Authors: Goody Jack
Published: February 2025

Se comparan sociedades agrícolas, sus variaciones y semejanzas, dentro de Europa, y, a veces, de algunas sociedades asiáticas, con las de África, con el fin de advertir que las relaciones de las familias con la tierra son significativamente diferentes, en cada caso, así como los acuerdos sobre la propiedad marital y el papel que se atribuyen a los cónyuges está íntimamente relacionado con los modos de producción agrícola, "intensivo" en un caso (con arado y riego) y "extensivo" en los otros (con quema y azada). Estas diferencias tienen consecuencias en la posición de las mujeres, la estructura de los roles sociales, la conducta de la parentela y las estrategias de la organización familiar. Es precisamente sobre ese amplio fondo que se observan las variaciones en las costumbres de Europa Occidental. Es por eso también que las diferencias en la propiedad conyugal y las ocasionadas en el momento de la fisión familiar son sin duda importantes por sus consecuencias, sobre todo por su influencia en la relación entre parientes, amigos y allegados.
Representaciones cotidianas de la alteridad femenina. Mujeres inmigrantes y de otras culturas en la prensa española
Authors: Rodríguez Estela
Published: February 2025

Este artículo pretende subrayar los diferentes procesos de representación racializada con los que son descritas las otras culturas y la población inmigrada en la prensa española. Toma como punto de partida, los discursos visuales que se difunden cotidianamente a través de las fotografias y viñetas de cómic de los medios de masas. Analiza los procesos de producción y distribución de estos artefactos culturales, para centrarse en cómo recibimos esta información y de qué forma puede afectar en el desarrollo de imaginarios simbólicos negativos hacia las otras culturas en las actuales sociedades multiculturales.
María Campo Alange: Una mujer singular
Authors: Salas Larrazábal María
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo evoca las distintas facetas de la personalidad de María Campo Alange, escritora autodidacta que vivió las transformaciones de la situación de las mujeres en España y en el mundo a lo largo del siglo XX y reflexionó sobre ellas en muchas de sus obras. La autora del artículo, miembro del Seminario de Estudios Sociológicos sobre la Mujer, fundado por María Campo Alange, ofrece aquí su testimonio personal acerca de una mujer a la que conoció y con quien tuvo ocasión de colaborar a lo largo de décadas.
La construcción social del empleo femenino en España (1850-1935)
Authors: Arbaiza Vilallonga Mercedes
Published: February 2025

El artículo demuestra que los discursos en torno al valor social del trabajo tuvieron una influencia determinante en la cuantificación del empleo femenino. Mediante el análisis exhaustivo del lenguaje de las fuentes estadísticas (padrones municipales) se demuestra cómo la acción de los gobiernos liberales de España (1850-1936), en su afán por clasificar a la población, fue desplegando las categorías de la economía clásica. La inscripción del status sociolaboral de hombres y mujeres estuvo atravesada por una concepción de género muy marcada según los ideales laborales de la época. Las tasas de actividad femeninas corregidas en este artículo confirman que la supuesta disminución del empleo de las mujeres en el contexto de la formación de la sociedad industrial española (1800-1935) fue más una ilusión estadística, derivada de la naturaleza discursiva de las fuentes cuantitativas, que una realidad social.
Género, educación e historia: Espacios de exclusión, espacios de resistencia
Authors: Robles Sanjuán Victoria
Published: February 2025

En cada contexto social, cultural e histórico se han ido construyendo y modificando los rasgos sociales, psíquicos y culturales de mujeres y varones, lo que ha generado todo un conjunto de conflictos de intereses entre aquéllas y éstos. En nuestro análisis, la educación se revela como una herramienta con significado directo sobre las vidas de las mujeres, bien entendida como mecanismo de control, de limitación o de exclusión, bien como mecanismo de liberación y de transgresión. Nos proponemos analizar tres de las formas fundamentales de exclusión educativa, características de la construcción de identidades generizadas y de las limitaciones hacia las mujeres, en diversos países y momentos históricos concretos, en lo que se plantea como un estudio de larga duración, tratando de subrayar las consecuencias sobre sus vidas y cómo ellas eluden sus significados en un ejercicio de liberación, dentro de lo que son otras formas de poder, transformadoras y constitutivas de la sociedad.
Brass A. Germany in the 70s. RAF. Leftist Terrorism. Moscow: Dmitry Pozharsky University, 2023. 496 p.: Book review
Authors: Smirnitsky Alexander Evgenievich
Published: February 2025

The peer-reviewed publication introduces the reader to the activities of one of the most significant left-wing terrorist organizations in Germany in the second half of the 20th century, the Red Army Faction (RAF). In his work, the author carefully examines the prerequisites and causes of the emergence of this organization, the composition, program and main directions of its struggle against the political regime of Germany. The author pays special attention to the organizers and participants of the RAF, analyzes the reasons for its defeat.
Expression of figurative and non-figurative comparisons in statements with comparative-simulative adverbs of military themes: differentiation criteria
Authors: Tolmacheva Gulnara Salavatovna
Published: February 2025

The aim of the research is to develop procedures for identifying the principles of functioning of figurative and non-figurative types of comparison in Russian statements with comparative-simulative adverbs of military themes. The scientific novelty of the undertaken research lies in the fact that a subcategorization of statements of comparative-simulative adverbs of military themes has been carried out for the first time according to several parameters. The article highlights not only statements with figurative and non-figurative types of comparison, but also a number of subtypes within each of them. In addition, for each type of comparison, its own spectrum of used comparative-simulative adverbs of military themes, conditions for the explicit or implicit presentation of the basis of comparison, etc. are determined. The results obtained showed that the subcategorization of these adverbs depends on the status of the object of comparison (person/non-person), generalized or specific reference, semantic distance of the objects of comparison, etc. This analysis makes it possible to determine the place of comparative-simulative adverbs in the system of Russian comparison.
Learning management systems (Moodle, Canvas) in foreign language teaching
Authors: Podoliak Mykhailo , Kvas Olena
Published: February 2025

One of the primary and most widely used technological tools for learning is the learning management system (LMS). A learning management system is a universal platform used by most universities in the world. Such systems are designed to make the educational process more enjoyable, convenient, and efficient, using modern information technologies widely. In our study, we consider examples of using learning management systems, such as Moodle and Canvas, to teach the subject “Foreign language for professional purposes”. Moodle and Canvas are similar learning management systems, so we will consider them together rather than . Having practically examined both systems, we note that they have a very similar interface with similar functions and principles of operation. When choosing between Moodle and Canvas, a foreign language teacher should first investigate the functional components of both systems, test them in practice, and only then select the appropriate one for use. The teacher in the learning management system is the manager and creator of courses, while the student is the user. Therefore, the teacher can create new courses, determine the conditions and cost of testing, conduct online classes, download and share educational materials with students (web links, e-textbooks, presentations, audio, and video files), add various activities (forum, survey, group activities, multiple tests, dictionaries, etc.). In addition, the teacher can set different conditions for the student to complete course sections (deadlines or task completion). In addition, we also analyze the advantages and disadvantages of using these learning management systems and pay attention to certain aspects of the practical use of these systems in teaching foreign languages in non-linguistic HEIs.
Keywords: learning management system, learning a foreign language, Moodle, Canvas.
Mapping the Research Base for Universal Behavior Screeners
Authors: Pelton Katie Scarlett Lane , Lane Kathleen Lynne , Oakes Wendy Peia , Buckman Mark M. , Royer David James , Sherod Rebecca Lee
Published: February 2025

Universal behavior screening is used in schools worldwide to detect students with and at risk for behavioral challenges. A plethora of instruments is available for this purpose, though little metascience has been conducted to review and synthesize methods used to study these instruments in educational settings, nor is there a comprehensive list of instruments to support educators in selecting an appropriate tool. We conducted this review to provide a rigorous—and accessible—overview of the research base for universal behavior screening instruments to facilitate educators’ decision-making process when selecting a systematic screening tool for the students they serve and identify areas of further refinement for the research community. This scoping review includes an extensive list of behavior screening instruments, an examination of how these tools have been studied, and areas for future research. We identified 56 behavior screening instruments. The most common psychometric analyses included coefficient alpha for internal consistency, correlations between theoretically related variables, and confirmatory factor analysis. We discuss other methods currently employed as well as methods and complexities for consideration in future research.
Ruble Debt Burden
Authors:   Moscow, Russian Federation, Alekhin B.I.
Published: February 2025

The burden of ruble debt is measured by a ratio between the amount of rubles that Russians borrowed from their banks and their monetary income. Why ruble debt only? The share of foreign currency credit to Russian households has been declining quite steadily and remained insignificant in recent years. Even in the peak of 2010 it fluctuated around 10%. The purpose of this study is to analyze the size, dynamics and determinants of debt burden. To achieve this purpose, a panel for 81 regions of the Russian Federation for 2000–2022 was assembled on the basis of official statistics. All variables proved to be non-stationary which allowed to use panel dynamic least squares (DOLS) to estimate the parameters of the cointegrating equation. The estimates proved the existence of long-term, equilibrium relationship between debt burden and explanatory variables. To support our empirical search for drivers of debt burden we relied on the theories of life-cycle, liquidity constraints and behavioral finance. The first two proved to be useful, while the role of behavioral finance remained unclear as it was impossible to operationalize such a murky concept as financial literacy. In accordance with the life-cycle theory, the share of working-age population in the region’s entire population proved to be the main driver of debt burden growth. We also found out that debt burden is positively related to housing prices and liquidity constraints measured by the income required to get the bank loan approved. Finally, the cycle of economic activity also adds to the dynamics of debt burden with the latter increasing in bad times. All these variables are cointegrating partners of debt burden in Russia.
ФАКТОРІАЛЬНІ МНОГОЧЛЕНИ І СТЕПЕНІ
Authors: Вишневецький Олександр
Published: February 2025

Формулювання проблеми. Основною задачею сучасної вищої школи є розвиток природних здібностей та обдарувань здобувачів, формування компетентностей, розвиток критичного мислення та створення умов для забезпечення гармонійного розвитку здобувачів. Отже, постає проблема формування в здобувачів цілісної системи теоретичних відомостей і практичних навичок з різних дисциплін, що дозволить використовувати отримані знання для вирішення проблем сьогодення. Проте кількість навчального часу, відведеного на вивчення розділів вищої математики, невпинно зменшується. Тому актуалізується проблема викладання стандартного набору теорем (і, взагалі, розділів математики) за невелику кількість навчальних годин. При цьому бажано не переходити до простого переліку формулювань теорем, а зберегти викладання їх доведень, які, однак, повинні бути короткими. Метою статті є стисле викладення однієї з тем курсу вищої математики, а саме викладення теми «Інтерполяційний многочлен Ньютона».
Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні використовувався аналіз наукової літератури, зокрема теорем традиційного курсу вищої математики ЗВО (розділ «Математичний аналіз»), а також представлення факторіальних многочленів та факторіальних степенів.
Результати. У роботі подано виведення інтерполяційної формули Ньютона для многочленів і (одночасно) властивостей факторіальних многочленів, яке є набагато коротшим, ніж у відомих посібниках. Запропонований підхід використовує властивості многочленів та степенів. Також подано одне з узагальнень поняття факторіалу числа, яке додатково узагальнює поняття біноміального коефіцієнту.
Висновки. За використання описаного підходу викладання теми суттєво зменшується, що може бути корисним для вивчення вказаних тем у ЗВО в умовах обмежень навчального часу.
Beyond Polarization: Right-Wing News as a Quasi-Religious Phenomenon
Authors: Mann Marcus , Winchester Daniel
Published: February 2025

Research on U.S. political media has demonstrated that mainstream and right-wing news are qualitatively distinct in a variety of ways. However, the dominant paradigm of political polarization and its attendant assumptions have restricted researchers from putting these descriptive insights into new and potentially generative theoretical context. In this article, we propose a way forward, arguing for the merits of conceptualizing right-wing news as a quasi-religious phenomenon. Putting empirical findings in dialogue with core theoretical insights from the sociology of religion, we argue that the right-wing news ecosystem has epistemic, functional, and ecological features that are more characteristic of religion than its mainstream media counterpart. We illustrate the usefulness of these distinctions by applying them to the case of Fox News and their reporting of the 2020 presidential election. Finally, we discuss how our conceptual framework advances current and future research on mis/disinformation, international politics, and the structural causes and consequences of right-wing news media’s ascendance.
Waddling, wandering and waving: Literary Chinese ideophones and the motion semantic grid
Authors: Van Hoey Thomas
Published: February 2025

This study uses the motion semantic grid (Ibarretxe-Antuñano 2019) to analyze the semantics of literary Chinese ideophones that depict motion (N = 313). We offer strategies for handling missing values in the Grid and enhancements specific to Chinese data, such as the inclusion of semantic radicals. Utilizing multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), we identify the most salient elements and distances between items. Our findings reveal that (1) all first-level components in the Grid play a role, e.g. FIGURE, GROUND, MOTION, PATH, MANNER, CAUSE, EVENT EXTENSION; (2) of second-level components Animacy, Quanta, Basic level, Motor-pattern, Semantic radical, Motion, Direction, and Aspect contribute most to the first three latent dimensions; (3) motion ideophones cluster in salient groups. This study confirms the motion semantic grid's utility for studying motion ideophones but highlights the need for language-specific adaptations and strategies for handling missing values absent from the original proposal.
Technological Approach to Mind Everywhere: A Framework for Conceptualizing Goal-Directedness in Biology and Other Domains
Authors: Levin Michael , Resnik David
Published: February 2025

What makes a system – evolved, engineered, or hybrid – describable by teleological and mentalistic terms such as intelligent, goal-directed, and cognitive? Here, we review classical thought on teleology in the life sciences and summarize ideas on goal directedness from an emerging field – diverse intelligence. This field seeks to characterize what all active agents, regardless of their composition or provenance, have in common. We emphasize: (1) empirical testability (not philosophical commitments to linguistic categories), (2) fecundity in discovery of new capabilities (not just reductive mechanistic explanations of results after they are made, but worldviews that facilitate and enable novel research), (3) operationalization of terminology by reference to conceptual and empirical toolkits shown to be effective for a given system (cognitive and teleological claims are really hypotheses of optimal interaction protocols), and (4) continuity of human goal-directedness with our unicellular origins (which implies a need for models of scaling of cognition). We describe in detail several recent examples of progress made by this framework which enables the application of powerful tools of cognitive neuroscience to the collective intelligence of cells navigating anatomical space, with applications in regenerative medicine, birth defects, cancer, and bioengineering. By abandoning teleophobia in favor of principled frameworks for understanding diverse minds embodied in the physical world, the plasticity and problem-solving competency of the agential material of life can provide fodder for advances in philosophical thought, as well as for biomedical and bioengineering applications.
Widespread Illegal Advertising of Loot Boxes and Social Casino Games in Belgium: Empowered by the EU Digital Services Act to Assess Compliance Using Meta’s Ad Repository
Authors: Xiao Leon Y. , Petrovskaya Elena , Khoo Nicole , Denoo Maarten , Roberts Amanda
Published: February 2025

Loot boxes and social casino mechanics are gambling-like products inside video games providing random results in exchange for real-world money. These products may cause harm to consumers, e.g., children and adults experiencing gambling harms. Most countries do not regulate these mechanics as gambling because the random rewards do not possess real-world monetary value as defined by law. Conversely, Belgium uniquely regulates both as unlicensed and therefore illegal forms of gambling; offering these products is a criminal offence. However, this ‘ban’ has not been enforced due to the regulator lacking resources, so these products remain widely available. We investigated whether, beyond failing to remove these products through inaction, companies are also paying to advertise them on social media to specifically attract Belgian users, which is an additional crime. We gained data access through the EU Digital Services Act requiring large online platforms (e.g., Facebook) to provide repositories for all advertising shown and associated audience demographic data. Concerningly, 172 popular games with illegal loot boxes and social casino games were widely and illegally advertised. We studied 1,574 advertisements, which were viewed over 4.5 million times by Belgian users, including 1.26 million times by under-21s. Many other ads we did not study were also widely circulated. The regulator should hold social media platforms and app stores accountable for conducting effective content moderation and ensuring illegal games and ads are not available to local users. More data access opportunities should be mandated by law in the EU and beyond to aid research and enforcement.
Structured Energy Return in Quantum Systems: A Framework for Decoherence Suppression and Potential Coherence Revival
Authors: Wallace Ryan Eugene
Published: February 2025

Decoherence is a fundamental phenomenon in quantum mechanics, typically attributed to theinteraction between a quantum system and its environment. In standard quantum mechanics(QM), decoherence is often regarded as an inevitable, irreversible loss of phase information. Wepropose a model that includes a novel feedback-like mechanism — a so-called Structured EnergyReturn (SER) term — designed to counteract this decoherence. In this updated version (v2) ofour preprint, we include additional ensemble-averaged plots (10 runs) comparing standard QM andSER. We also discuss how parameter tuning can yield either near-equivalence with standard QMor partial coherence revival, highlighting the flexibility and potential usefulness of SER.
决定论、思想与行为：因果性的幻觉与主观体验的困境
Authors: Yu Xiaoyang
Published: February 2025

在严格的决定论框架下，世界的一切事件都已由物理定律所预定，并且以不可更改的方式展开。过去的事件并不真正“导致”未来的事件，而是所有事件——包括思想与行为——都是整个宇宙状态随时间演化的结果。因此，思想并不控制行为，选择也仅是一种幻觉。人们通常认为自己通过思考做出决定并影响行动，但实际上，思想和行为只是同步发生的两个结果，它们之间并无因果联系，而是都由物理法则所决定。这一观点进一步导致对于“他人是否具有思想”的怀疑。由于我们无法直接观测思想，而仅能通过行为推测思想的存在，而思想又无法影响行为，那么这一推测就失去了依据。按照这一逻辑，我们无法确定他人是否具有主观体验，甚至可能接近于某种唯我论的立场。此外，社会秩序和个体行为的稳定性也不会因对决定论的认知而改变。兼容论者可能担忧，如果人们相信决定论，会变得消极、不求进取，甚至导致社会崩溃。然而，在决定论框架下，这种担忧是没有意义的，因为人们是否相信决定论、他们的行为如何发展，都已由物理定律决定，并不因某种信念的改变而发生任何偏离。既然未来已被注定，人们的任何选择、态度和行动都已固定，所谓的“改命”概念本身便是一个悖论：如果命运可以被改变，它就不是命运，而如果它是命运，它就不可能被改变。最终，本研究表明，“选择”这一概念在决定论视角下毫无意义，思想对于行为的影响也只是主观上的错觉。对现实的体验，如同一场不可更改的电影播放，我们误以为自己是主动的参与者，实际上不过是预定剧本中的一部分。
Evaluation of Head Pose Estimation Algorithms for Sign Language Analysis
Authors: Sargano Allah Bux , Vandenitte Sébastien , Jantunen Tommi , Kimmelman Vadim
Published: February 2025

Head pose estimation (HPE) can be used in sign language linguistics and gesture studies, particularly for quantitative assessment of head movements in terms of yaw, pitch, and roll. These measurements can be used to quantify and compare different types of head movements within and across sign languages and co-speech gesture. While optoelectronic camera-based motion capture systems are considered the gold standard for this purpose, their practicality is limited due to high costs, accessibility issues, and the need for markers on the signer’s face. Despite the popularity of HPE as a research area, there has been limited validation of HPE algorithms based on RGB videos, which is more suitable for sign language analysis, and almost no testing using sign-language specific data. This study addresses this gap by providing an overview of existing HPE algorithms and evaluating three state-of-the-art algorithms—MediaPipe, OpenFace, and 6DRepNet—using RGB sign language videos from a MoCap dataset of Finnish Sign Language. The accuracy of these algorithms is compared against an optoelectronic camera-based motion capture system recordings of the same data. The results indicate a good performance of all three algorithms for measuring yaw (with some advantages of MediaPipe), and worse performance for measuring pitch and roll.
Why Poverty in the Present Matters for Intergenerational Concern and the Future of Humanity
Authors: Law Kyle Fiore , Syropoulos Stylianos , Signorini Amanda , Young Liane , O'Connor Brendan
Published: February 2025

Contrary to perceived tensions between addressing present and future societal needs, we find present-day poverty and inequality are deeply connected with attitudes toward far-future welfare at both societal and individual levels. Study 1 (144 countries) shows that poorer, more unequal nations score lower on indices of intergenerational concern and farsighted policies. A Supplementary Study (34 countries, N = 123,502) shows that subjective SES predicts greater obligation to sacrifice for future lives, especially in nations with less inequality. In Study 2 (N = 1,264 Americans), individuals randomly assigned more resources allocate more to future generations, though not proportionately more. Replicating Study 1 and the Supplementary Study, real-world SES predicts higher donations beyond situational framings. Thus, combatting present-day societal challenges may be key to increasing concern and action for humanity’s future.
Body and spatial representational plasticity during training with and without cane in blindfolded young adults and older adults
Authors: Jahanian Najafabadi Amir
Published: February 2025

Prior research showed that active tool use extends the body representation of both the forearm and hand wielding the tool and the calf, even without direct tool-environment interaction, particularly under blindfolded conditions (short-term visual deprivation) in young adults. In this research, we examined whether changes in body schema (BS) in the absence of vision induced by active tool-use training are limb-specific in young and older adults. Additionally, we examined whether plasticity of peripersonal space (PPS) predicts such effects. A total of 43 healthy young and older adults underwent three conditions of tool-use training: (Condition A) while blindfolded, using a cane to find a target object with no time restriction; (Condition B) walking blindfolded with a cane for 20 minutes; (Condition C) walking blindfolded without a cane for 20 minutes. Older adults had 10 minutes of training in conditions B and C. Changes in the BS were assessed using a tactile distance judgment task (TDJ), where participants judged distances between two tactile stimuli applied to their right forearm, hand, shin, and foot in a proximodistal orientation. PPS was assessed using a reaching distance estimation task (RDE). Findings suggest that while tool-use and task-specific conditions influence BS, their effects may be more localized and context-dependent than broadly systematic. Therefore, results of this study call into question to what degree and how robustly BS is plastic and limb specific in the absence of vision and how malleable this is by extension of the PPS toward the acting space by tool-use training in healthy aging. Keyword: Tool-use, young adults, old adults, vision, blindfolded, body schema, peripersonal space
Brain age prediction in children and adolescents: current challenges and future directions
Authors: Beck Dani , Whitmore Lucy
Published: February 2025

Recent advancements in computational techniques have enhanced our understanding of human brain development, particularly through the analysis of high-dimensional data from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). One notable approach is the “brain age prediction” framework, which predicts biological age based on neuroimaging data and calculates the brain age gap (BAG); a marker indicating deviation from expected (chronological) age. This method has most commonly been used in adult samples, but has in recent years increasingly been applied to youth populations to assess brain maturation. However, there are a number of unique considerations that must be taken into account when applying brain age prediction in youth. In this Perspective, we briefly review the existing brain age literature in children and adolescents. We next identify important challenges and considerations, and provide recommendations for researchers, as well as future directions for the field.
Synthesis of Evolutionary and Conventional Psychology: A New Framework
Authors: Maini Ansh
Published: February 2025

Psychology has traditionally emphasized social constructivism focusing onenvironmental and cultural influences while neglecting Darwinian explanations of the humanmind and behaviour. This paper proposes a theoretical framework with the aim of synthesizingEvolutionary Psychology with Conventional Psychology in an attempt to bridge the gap betweenthe two.The framework operates at three levels of analysis: the ultimate level, which addressesspecies-typical behaviors such as universality of love, sex differences, and an innate sense ofmorality. The Broad level incorporates sociocultural theories in addition to a Darwinian lens toexplain cultural variations. The specific level involves the explanation of individual behavior asanalyzed using evolutionary, cultural, and personal environmental factors. This is the level atwhich the synthesis becomes the most evident as all the prevailing schools of thought: cognitive,sociocultural, behavioral, etc are reorganized within a Darwinian scientific ontology.This paper employs a conceptual synthesis of existing literature from psychology,biology, and social sciences to demonstrate the compatibility between evolutionary psychologyand social constructivism, offering a unified model for understanding human behavior.The implications of such a framework are that psychologists can adopt a morecomprehensive approach, providing a unified picture of the psychological world with each levelproviding a unique insight regarding the nature of reality. For instance, questions of why certainfoods are addictive can be answered more elaboratively rather than relying on just a gene-basedor advertisement-based explanation. Altogether the 3-level framework combines elements ofevolutionary thinking and cultural conditioning in an attempt to produce something novel.Keywords: Evolutionary Psychology, Conventional Psychology, Social Constructivism
Age-related differences in embodiment under visually deprived conditions in healthy aging: A tool-use study
Authors: Jahanian Najafabadi Amir
Published: February 2025

In our prior research, we found that higher ratings of ownership were associated with increased body schema (BS) plasticity during virtual tool-use training in younger healthy adults. However, in older adults, the emergence of ownership remained stable, and no incorporation of virtual tools was observed. Moreover, an increased sense of agency in older adults depended on virtual tool-use training, which relied on visuo-tactile feedback compared to vision only feedback condition, and participants’ learning performance. In contrast, a sense of agency in younger adults emerged independently of these factors. In this study, we tested whether training temporarily visually deprived (blindfolded) participants with a cane affects emergence of ownership and agency over the cane, and if this relates to BS of the hand within the perceived space. For this study, datasets from a total of 43 healthy young and older adults who underwent two conditions of tool-use training were analyzed. Training conditions were as follows: (Condition A) while blindfolded, using a cane to find a target object with no time restriction; and (Condition B) walking blindfolded with a cane for 20 minutes. Older adults had 10 minutes of training in conditions B. Changes in the BS were assessed using a tactile distance judgment task (TDJ), where participants judged distances between two tactile stimuli applied to their right hand in a proximodistal orientation. Plasticity of peripersonal space (PPS) was assessed using a reaching distance estimation task (RDE). Participants further rated their perceived ownership and agency after training blocks A and B. Results revealed while young adults demonstrated stronger adaptability and control across conditions, older adults showed resilience by employing alternative strategies in the absence of visual input relying more on incorporation of cane and space around them. This study highlights age-related differences in sensory processing and motor adaptation under visually deprived conditions.Keyword: Tool-use, young adults, old adults, vision, blindfolded, body schema, peripersonal space, sense of ownership and agency
Contextual and Affective Precursors of Physical Activity Intention and Enactment Examined Through Ecological Momentary Assessment
Authors: Haag David , Smeddinck Jan , Vogelsang Anna , Blechert Jens
Published: February 2025

BackgroundRegular physical activity (PA) provides numerous health benefits, which is why many people intend to lead an active lifestyle. Yet, internal and external states and barriers can hinder the translation of such intentions into actual behavior. This study prospectively studied such barriers, namely, the temporal relationship between the independent variables momentary affect (stress, emotions), and the dependent variables PA intentions and subsequent PA behavior. The variables were measured using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) at the within-person level.MethodsA total of 41 healthy participants (aged 19-67) completed 4 daily EMA prompts over three weeks on their smartphones, capturing data on momentary affective states (happy, active, irritated, tired, concerned, nervous, relaxed, energetic), anticipated contextual barriers (i.e., PA-incompatible external circumstances), prospective PA intentions, and PA behavior (retrospective, since the last prompt). We applied generalized linear mixed effect models to examine the influence of momentary affect and contextual barriers onto a) PA intentions, b) their consecutive enactment, and c) directly onto PA behavior.ResultsIndividuals were more likely to form PA intentions when feeling happy, active, or energetic, but less likely when external/contextual barriers were high or when they felt tired. Furthermore, only PA intentions were significant precursors of subsequent PA behavior, while neither contextual barriers, nor momentary affect directly affected PA behavior.ConclusionsInterventions for fostering PA, such as Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions, should address and ‘stabilize’ intentions through addressing external barriers and positive affects (happy, active, energetic). The present results call for more temporally sensitive and dynamic health behavior theories of PA.
Development and validation of the Trust in AI Scale (TAIS)
Authors: Wischnewski Magdalena , Doebler Philipp , Krämer Nicole
Published: February 2025

In everyday life, users increasingly interact and communicate with AI systems. Despite the importance of trust in AI as an influencing factor for this interaction, there is a shortage of validated scales to reliably measure users’ trust. In this paper, we present a theory-driven development and validation of the Trust in AI scale (TAIS) that consists of the subdimensions ability, integrity, transparency, unbiasedness, vigilance, and global trust. To validate the scale, we conducted two studies. In study 1 (N = 883 participants), we derived 57 items from theory and existing scales for which an exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 30 item scale. In study 2 (N = 1204 participants), we tested the psychometric quality of the scale through confirmatory factor analysis for ordinal data. Employing a bifactor model with global trust as the higher-order factor, our results confirm the six-factor structure. Correlational results of context variables and related scales support the convergent validity of the scale. Results show that existing scales rather correlate with the global trust factor but less with specific factors (especially vigilance) - indicating that the TAIS scale helps to uncover new facets of trust and thereby goes beyond what existing, less validated scales can provide.
Pathological personality traits and self-reported managerial leadership. A comparison of the Dirty Dozen and Five-Factor Model – Antagonistic Triad Measure
Authors: Phillips Nathaniel Luke , Rose Leigha , Lynam Donald , Miller Josh
Published: February 2025

The present study (N = 427) investigated the predictive and incremental validity of two measures of Dark Triad traits—the Dirty Dozen (DD) and the Five-Factor Model Antagonistic Triad Measure (FFM ATM)—in their relation to self-reported managerial leadership. Prior research has highlighted the complexity of Dark Triad (DT) traits, suggesting that unidimensional measures like the DD may obscure the nuanced relationships between these constructs and relevant outcomes. The FFM ATM disaggregates Dark Triad traits into both core components (Antagonism, Emotional Stability, Impulsivity, and Agency) as well as traditional DT subscales (e.g., Psychopathy comprises Antagonism, Emotional Stability, and Impulsivity). Results demonstrated that the FFM ATM provided substantially better statistical prediction and incremental validity across leadership dimensions. Specifically, both FFM ATM empirically derived factors and multidimensional DT subscales accounted for nearly all explained variance in leadership factors, outperforming the DD in predictive accuracy in all cases. These findings underscore the importance of recognizing the multidimensional structure of Dark Triad traits to capture their distinct and overlapping influences on leadership. Moreover, the results suggest that theoretically grounded and empirically robust measures like the FFM ATM offer a clearer description of how individual differences in Dark Triad traits relate to self-reported managerial leadership compared to short, omnibus measures.
PATRIMÔNIO CULTURAL E NATURAL EM RISCO: IMPACTOS DO ZONEAMENTO URBANO NO BAIRRO SÃO BENTO, DUQUE DE CAXIAS (RJ)
Authors: Contarato Carolina Maia
Published: February 2025

O artigo investiga os conflitos entre os instrumentos de preservação do patrimônio histórico, arqueológico e natural e os interesses econômicos e políticos da gestão municipal, assim como a repercussão desta situação na estruturação e definição do Plano Diretor, a partir do estudo do bairro São Bento, localizado em Duque de Caxias (RJ). Esse bairro é uma área de grande relevância cultural e ambiental, abrangendo a Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) São Bento e o complexo da Fazenda do Iguaçu. No entanto enfrenta sérios desafios devido ao zoneamento urbano que favorece interesses imobiliários em detrimento da preservação do patrimônio histórico e natural. A degradação ambiental, os loteamentos irregulares e a redução da área de inundação para investimentos imobiliários colocam em risco sítios arqueológicos e bens tombados, refletindo um desinteresse da gestão municipal em proteger o patrimônio e garantir a segurança da população local. O artigo também destaca as ações de preservação conduzidas por instituições e coletivos locais, como o Museu Vivo do São Bento, e as propostas de resistência cultural frente às intervenções previstas para a região, refletindo sobre os desafios e as implicações ambientais e sociais dessas dinâmicas. A abordagem metodológica combina pesquisa histórica, análise legislativa e cartografia multiescalar para estudo das mudanças fundiárias, das ações de preservação cultural, e dos impactos ambientais, principalmente em um contexto de mudanças climáticas.
RELATION BETWEEN TEMPERAMENT, ABILITY TO COPE WITH SOCIAL SITUATIONS, TYPE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL GENDER AND THE READINESS TO SHOW PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR
Authors: Robakiewicz Ita
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to investigate if people who show prosocial behavior (volunteers who are engaged in palliative care) differ in their personality traits from those who do not express such a behavior. Psychological gender roles, social competences and temperament features were measured with the questionnaires. Sixty eight individuals took part in this study (35 palliative volunteers and 33 controls). Volunteers were expected to be more androgynous, have more feminine stereotype characteristics, have a higher social competences and a lower level of emotional reactiveness than participants from the control group. Results: The study results have showed that the volunteers scored higher on feminine scale than participants from the control group. This was valid for both women and men, and resulted in higher number of androgynous individuals among men and a higher number of feminine gender typed individuals among women. Additionally it was also found that emotional reactiveness in volunteers depends on the biological sex: the volunteer women have lower level of this characteristic than the volunteer man and also than the control men. No difference in social competences between the volunteers and the control group was found. In summary this study shows that decision about engagement in palliative care depends on the level of stereotypical feminine characteristics, the level of emotional reactiveness and the level of endurance.
Quantifying Fair Chance Policy Implementation and Employer Engagement
Authors: Bliven Jocelyn , Johnson Alayna , Stanley Zofia C. , Topaz Chad M. , Chalfin Aaron , Higdon Jude , Bass Tyrone
Published: February 2025

Fair-chance hiring policies aim to expand employment opportunities for individuals with criminal records by reducing legal and systemic barriers to work. These policies include Ban-the-Box, occupational licensing reforms, record-sealing, certificates of rehabilitation, and liability protections. Despite growing adoption, their impact remains difficult to quantify due to limited data. To address this, we introduce standardized metrics to assess the presence and strength of supportive policies, and the extent of legal barriers across all 50 states. Additionally, measure employer engagement in fair-chance hiring by analyzing job postings. These metrics enable state-level comparisons, providing data-driven tools to advance the study of fair-chance employment.
Master’s Degree English Students’ Response to Abstract Writing: Issues and Challenges for Second Language Learners
Authors: Pokharel Bishnu Prasad , Sharma Balkrishna , Sapkota Binod
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the responses and reflections of five Master’s level students of the academic year of 2023-2024 majoring in English from Saraswati Multiple Campus, Kathmandu of Tribhuvan University, Nepal, to explore their performance of abstract writing in their thesis works. The purpose of this study was to assess the status and the area of possible improvement of abstract writing skills. Grounded in the primary data gathered from the interviews, a hermeneutic phenomenological study was done to infer lived experiences of those students regarding abstract writing during thesis writing. The study found that the students had struggled to produce a condensed and logically cogent abstract, revealing a gap between students’ performance and institutional instructional strategies in academic writing. It led to the conclusion that the lack of adequate departmental support and lax mentoring are responsible for students' performance gap in composing a logical abstract. This study recommends institutional support with ample authentic resources and guidelines for abstract writing during students’ thesis writing.
नासो कथामा व्याकरणिक संसक्ति
Authors: Thapa थापा Ranju रञ्जु
Published: February 2025

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