bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Industry Development of Islamic Banking System in Malaysia and Nigeria
Authors: MuhibatAyoni Oladimeji  , Muhammad Ridhwan Ab. Aziz  , KhairilFaizal Khairi
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to critically evaluate the industry development of Nigerian Islamic banking system in terms of its establishment and operation using Malaysian experience as the base. The study also provides useful suggested recommendations as a way forward for the development and for the smooth running of the system.
 
Methodology: Qualitative research method was employed by the study which consists of documentary review and face to face in-depth interview. with regulatory officers, practitioners, academicians who are directly involved in the operations of Islamic banking system in two countries Malaysia and Nigeria. And secondary source inform of documentary review is also employed.
 
Findings: From the findings of this study, in terms of basic minimum things, most, but not all of the situations regarding  shariah governance, in Nigeria are in line with footsteps of Malaysia. Thus, lots need to be done. The regulators should bear it in mind that in terms of  shariah governance framework what they are have done are just the basic minimum required for the start, they should be prepared  and ready for the comprehensive effective and efficient frameworks for the industry.
 
Practical Implication/ Value of the Study: the study will have policy implication to the CBN and other stakeholders in the area of Islamic banking system. Findings of this study will be a source of reference for Nigeria and other countries in formulating the similar concept of Islamic banking system. The findings of the study will also help the management of the Islamic bank operators in the industry on how they should direct their management policies towards strategic tools to use in order to be able to reap industry’s potentials. The study will also add to the pool of available literature available on the subject matter.
Students’ Attitude towards Mathematics as a Predictor of their Academic Achievement in the Subject
Authors: Abdullahi Adamu Dan'inna
Published: November 2024

This study was aimed at investigating the current issues related to the role of affective domain in enhancing effective learning. In particular, the study aimed at investigating whether or not students’ attitude towards mathematics can serve as a predictor of their academic achievement in the subject, and whether or not there exist any significant difference between boys and girls in their attitudes towards mathematics. A descriptive correlational design was employed in the study with the population of 114,504 senior secondary school students spread across the 34 local government areas of Katsina state, Nigeria. The subjects were a sample of 383 students from 8 schools, selected using mixed / multistage sampling procedure and the Research Advisors 2006 guideline. The Modified Fennema-Sherman Mathematics Attitude Scale (FSMAS) was the instrument for data collection, and the data collected were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. It was found that there was a significant relationship between students’ attitudes towards mathematics and their academic achievement in the subject (r= .756, P = .00). Similarly, the findings revealed that significant gender difference exist in students’ attitudes towards mathematics (t= 5.736, P = .00) in favour of male students. Based on the research findings, it was concluded that students’ attitudes towards mathematics predict their academic achievement in the subject and that students have different attitudes towards mathematics. It was recommended that mathematics teachers in the country should have a means of assessing students’ attitudes towards mathematics. Students identified with positive attitudes should be encouraged, while those with negative attitudes should be guided appropriately.
The Islamization of Knowledge (IOK) An Experience of International Islamic University Malaysia
Authors: Mohammad Firman Maulana
Published: November 2024

The paper is concerning to discourses about the experience of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) in implementation of Islamization of Knowledge (IOK). It is based on qualitative research and the data collection is gained in spanning year 2011-2012. IOK is constituted as an intellectual movement that launched by Moslem scholars in 1970s to encounter the Western thoughts which is secular, material, and posisitivistic in nature. This secular framework developed a scientific approach by employing reason and sense as the main sources, instead of a religious framework. Irronically, this false assumption of knowledge has been immitated, adopted and applied in almost every level of Moslem educational institutions. In IIUM, IOK prevails since its inception in 1983 which is to realize the mission and vission of the university; integration and Islamization. The experience indicates that IIUM face some obstacles and challenges in implementation of the IOK which are evolved around three things; the conceptual guidelines, the IOK figure, and material-spiritual supports.
COVID-19 Lockdowns and Travel Restrictions: A Tale of Travelers’ Plight on Nepal
Authors: Ashma Silwal  , Grizelda Noraine Garcia  , Deepa Limbu
Published: November 2024

COVID-19 was first reported in Wuhan, China on 31 December 2019. Since then, death toll and the number of infected individuals continue to be reported all over the globe despite travel restrictions. Nepal, atop its nature as a land-locked country, was not exempted from travel bans. Albeit aviation restrictions have been partially eased on September 2020, Nepal still suffers a major setback since tourism contributes to about 8% of the country’s GDP. This qualitative research conducted using online platforms aims to survey two facets of travel during COVID-19: seasonal travel patterns and the plight travelers had to face that depends on transport. Temporary limitation of peoples’ movement across borders for the sole purpose of recreation may be of import but great is the plight of individuals who were locally stranded or those whose livelihood cannot proceed amidst travel bans. This paper seeks to assess how tourism and travel in lockdown fared in Nepal during the pandemic.
Historical Impact of Madrasah of Arab Countries on Indian Madrasah Education
Authors: Muhammad Ismail  , Amdadul Haque Khan
Published: November 2024

Indian Madrasah Education got a significant influence in terms of curriculum, pedagogy, and other systems. This article attempted to search the historical impact of the madrasah of Arab countries on Indian madrasah education. Education was highly valued in Islam, and as the religion spread among different cultures, education became an important means of establishing a common and unified social order. Awareness was split into three sections by the middle of the ninth century: Islamic sciences, metaphysical and natural sciences (Greek knowledge), and literary arts. The Islamic sciences, which stressed the study of the Quran (Islamic scripture) and the hadith (the Prophet Muhammad’s (SM) sayings and traditions) and their analysis by leading scholars and theologians, were regarded as the most important, but Greek scholarship was also esteemed, though less virtuous.
Syed Shah Sufi Belal Nuri Al Sureshwary’s (M.Z.A.) Concept of ‘Patience’ in Tasawwuf
Authors: Shah Noor E Mucktadir
Published: November 2024

Tasawwuf is based on Islam's ideology and practices, which aim to create a direct relationship between man and God. Researchers and scientists from the Muslim world have shown a deep understanding of human behavior and psychology. The focus of this research is to develop a Tasawwuf paradigm of patience. The Sufi seeks contact with Allah through spiritual realization. Sufis outwardly obey Sharia while on the path to contact with God. All cultures view patience as a virtue, no matter how advanced or primitive. Sufi Saint Syed Shah Sufi Belal Nuri Al Sureshwari (M.Z.A.) authored a number of spiritual writings on Tasawwuf. He emphasized the numerous benefits of this approach, ranging from rewards in this life to recommendations that last forever. Patience is a virtue that requires us to refrain from rejecting and worrying, postpone our tongues from alleging, and keep our hands from striking our faces and tearing our clothes while we are in anguish or stress. Patience, one of the heart's vital activities as described in the Qur'an, is what it means in more common parlance. It is necessary for Muslims who are the most successful in their faith, spirituality, and connection to Allah. In addition, it is the source of power for people on their way to this ultimate end. Since those who are most ahead of the curve face the most difficulties, they are ideal Patience counterparts. This study showed how Syed Shah Sufi Belal Nuri Al Sureshwary explicated the relevance between Tasawwuf and patience in the light of the holy Qur’an and the authentic tradition of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
Classical Thoughts on Language: A Review of the Greek and Roman Linguistics
Authors: Arlini Binti Alias
Published: November 2024

In the early development of linguistic science in Europe, western philosophers paid much attention to the observation of differences between an individual’s speech and the neighboring people, looking at dialectical or language differences. According to Robins (1997), the initiation of European linguistics thoughts can be tracked from the Greeks. In his famous book entitled ‘A Short History of Linguistics’, Robins (1997) began his discussion by presuming that humans are biologically endowed with language faculty which enable them to acquire their first language. They then learn foreign languages and stimulate linguistic self-consciousness by contacts with the community and foreign speakers. Since then, the study of how language system develops is overlooked, since it is considered as humans’ natural linguistics ability. Robins used the term ‘linguistics science’ to approach the study of how language is diverse and changes with an influence of close interaction between language use and the speech community. He asserted that cultures influence the power of language. Folk linguistics is thus fostered and transmitted into linguistics science through the generation of communities along with cultural variations. Although Robins indicated that the study of linguistics is grounded by the significant exploration of the European frameworks, he insisted that the history of linguistics in Europe does not entail any European superiority in the linguistics field in comparison to the lack of knowledge we may have on the established Sanskrit work of the Indians. Hence, this paper aims to review the two main classical thoughts established in the development of language.
Scope and Application of Constitutional Tort in Bangladesh: An Analytical Study
Authors: Dr. A. S. M. Tariq Iqbal
Published: November 2024

The private law tort is applied in Bangladesh under the common lawjurisdiction. It is possible to first bring a lawsuit for a private law tort in the relevant civil courts and tribunals. Contrarily, the simultaneous application of Article 44 and Article 102(1) of the Constitution applies to constitutional tort. A writ petition for compensation may be filed in the nation’s constitutional court, holding the state accountable when the statutory authority is responsible for breaching the constitutional rights established in part III of the constitution. The essay compares and contrasts several features of tort law, including its effectiveness, problems of determination, and financial factors, drawing on case studies in Bangladesh. To investigate the purpose and application of tort law in Bangladesh, it closely examines scholarly literature and well-known cases. It also examines common misunderstandings about the application of torts, the defense of individual and societal rights, the formalization of tort cases in courts, the many forms of legal remedies for damage, and other issues. People who have damaged governments or public authorities cannot seek compensation because they are unaware of constitutional tort law. This article will concentrate on the need for a compensation remedy when a public official or employee violates a citizen’s fundamental rights. Additionally, the constitutional tort should be considered while analyzing vicarious liability.
Curriculum and Fundamental Computer Course at Bangladesh Islami University
Authors: Md. Nurul Huda
Published: November 2024

In pedagogy, there are different methods of instruction, and each is often designed to suit a unique classroom instruction. Teaching methods are described as techniques and means through which teachers deliver the curriculum content. These include lectures, demonstrations, discussions, problem-solving, excursions, projects, and play-way methods. Consequently, this course (Computer Fundamentals) is also designed to train students about these techniques and their applicability in appropriate and unique contexts. Computer fundamentals is a mandatory course involving three credits for the second semester in first-year students in all departments at Bangladesh Islami University (BIU). This course vastly helps the students to extend their knowledge of basic computer or digital devise use in daily life for everyoccupation. This article concerns the pedagogy I follow to instruct and teach undergrad students at BIU.
The Role Of The Textbook “Islam And Moral Education” In Molding The Students’ Characteristics, Perspective: Secondary Education In Bangladesh
Authors: Muhammad Shahidullah  , Dr. Tazul Islam
Published: November 2024

The goal of this article is to discuss how well the textbook “Islam and Moral Education” (Malek, M. A., Rashid, M. A., & Yousuf, M. 2012) contributes to the secondary students’ (from class six to ten) desired code of conduct through behavioral modification, intellectual development, and thinking development. An overview of the degree to which national goals and objectives have been achieved through this textbook is provided in this article. The context of a verse quotation from the Al-Qur'an has been provided. This post has covered all the sixth-through tenth-grade textbooks that mention some significant details about life-oriented activities and religious practices. Information is accumulated using both quantitative and qualitative procedures. This indicates that organic and dimensional criteria have been used to justify the themes of these textbooks. In addition, a brief explanation of the context of Qur'anic verses mentioned in textbooks is offered below. The entire text of the textbook “Islam and Moral Education” has been published along with data gathering and analysis. Through the critical study of contemporary literature, its significance and rationality of applications are contrasted with contemporary literary works. The author hopes that reading this composition will convince readers that these works’ analytical investigations are grounded in Qur'anic laws and orders and have not violated any of its canons. Additionally, it can offer useful and effective elements/components for textbook authors, curriculum developers, and syllabus writers in the context of the development and spread of religious teaching in Bangladesh’s secondary education. After all, the author hopes fervently that today's composition has provided an analytical justification of the significance and importance of the text, “Islam and Moral Education,” in the case of students' moral, psychological, and behavioral changes and trainings/practices which will play a desired role in producing good citizens and an ideal nation.
Portraits d’un deuil impossible : la présence des disparus dans un journal argentin1
Authors: Van Dembroucke Celina
Published: November 2024

Cet article se concentre sur les photographies des disparus de la dernière dictature militaire en Argentine (1976-1983), les recordatorios publiés par leurs proches dans un journal. L’émergence de ces textes marque la naissance d’un genre inédit et contradictoire, car ils comportent des éléments appartenant à deux genres discursifs opposés : les avis de recherche de personnes disparues et les nécrologies. Deux types de photographies sont inclus dans ces annonces : les photos d’identité, extraites d’un document officiel, et des images de famille. Ces dernières illustrent l’enchevêtrement entre l’intimité de la famille et le caractère public des recordatorios, qui découle de leur publication dans l’un des plus importants journaux nationaux argentins.
La mémorialisation numérique et tangible de la pandémie de la COVID-19
Authors: Boukala Mouloud , Lévy Joseph Josy
Published: November 2024

Parmi les répercussions socioculturelles significatives des épidémies, leur mémorialisation et commémoration à travers des objets, des dispositifs, des discours et des rituels prédominent. C’est en particulier le cas du VIH/sida où les stratégies employées pour amplifier les représentations et les expériences liées à cet évènement tragique ont eu recours aux outils numériques. Dans la perspective ouverte par ces travaux, cet article vise à analyser les modalités et formes numériques rapidement mises en place à la suite de la pandémie récente de la COVID-19, et ce, à partir de corpus de sites et de photographies répertoriés sur Internet. Les mémoriaux en ligne identifiés s’inspirent, tout en les renouvelant, de modèles déjà développés dans le cas du VIH/sida. Le corpus photographique rend compte d’une grande diversité d’installations mémorielles (permanentes, semi-permanentes ou temporaires) et de supports matériels qui présentent des continuités et des ruptures avec les dispositifs privilégiés dans les épidémies antérieures.
Translating adult-oriented humour in children’s animated movies from English into Turkish: A corpus-based study*
Authors: Semi Gulce Naz , Antonova-Unlu Elena
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study is to examine practices in translating adult-oriented linguistic humour in children’s animated movies. The research presents a corpus-based mixed study which draws insights from humour translation, translation of children’s literature (specifically the address problem) and audiovisual translation. The corpus-data were collected from forty randomly chosen Hollywood-made animated movies released between 2010-2019. In order to distinguish a humorous instance as adult-oriented, Akers’ (2013) adult humour categories were applied. The translation strategies applied to the target movies were categorised in accordance with their functions as retainment, replacement and omission. The classification of translation strategies used in this study was developed relying on the available translation strategies of Delabastita (1996) for puns, Leppihalme (1997) for allusions and Mateo (1995) for irony. Further, the data were interpreted both qualitatively, according to Asimakoulas’ (2004) theoretical model for the translation of humour, and quantitatively. The analysis revealed that to preserve adult-oriented humour, the most successful translation strategies belong to the Replacement Set while the least successful set is the Omission Set. According to the overall results, the general tendency is towards the elimination of adult-oriented humour.
Les États écologiquement fragiles face aux obligations positives déduites des instruments conventionnels de protection des droits humains : les leçons de l’Affaire des Insulaires du détroit de Torres devant le comité des droits de l’homme des Nations unies (22 septembre 2022)
Authors: Tshiamala Banungana Christian
Published: November 2024

Cette réflexion essaie de transposer la théorie de la fragilité étatique aux réalités écologiques multiformes pouvant conditionner l’État dans l’accomplissement de ses fonctions régaliennes impliquant notamment la protection des droits de la personne. Dans une certaine proportion, certains États se trouvent obligés, face aux phénomènes écologiques/climatiques, d’adopter au titre des obligations positives des mesures allant au-delà des formalités d’effectivité normative en inscrivant les spécificités pragmatiques inhérentes à la protection environnementale : par la prise en compte par exemple des principes de précaution et de prévention. Illustrant l’hypothèse d’une fragilité écologique moins extrême pour l’État, l’affaire du Détroit de Torres évoque les mesures d’atténuation et d’adaptation comme obligations positives au titre du Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques. Laboratoire expérimental de judiciarisation des droits humains, le Comité des droits de l’homme aborde à travers cette affaire les interactions épistémologiques participant à la réalisation de deux objectifs somme toute complémentaires visant la sauvegarde des droits de la personne par la protection du climat. Elle motive à ce titre la violation des droits humains par l’absence des mesures d’adaptation et d’atténuation opportunes et adéquates.
Features of the value of a safe lifestyle of adolescents with deviant behavior
Authors: Rizhkov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2024

The subject of the study is the value of a safe lifestyle of adolescents with deviant behavior. The author reveals the essence of the value of a safe lifestyle through related values, safety, lifestyle, and safe behavior. By the value of a safe lifestyle of adolescents, the author understands a subjective attitude to safe behavior, reflecting socio-cultural values, as well as norms and rules concerning a safe existence that must be observed in various life situations. The author defines the components of the value of a safe lifestyle: cognitive, motivational, and regulatory. Social disadvantage leads to the deformation of the image of teenagers, the emergence of deviations, with which they try to change the world around them. The implementation of deviant behavior is becoming more and more spontaneous, without a stable motive and planning. The methods of researching the value of a safe lifestyle were testing, questionnaires, a survey method and a method for diagnosing situations, methods of statistical data processing (2 – Pearson criterion). The novelty of the study is the concretization of the concept of the value of a safe lifestyle, the structure of the value of a safe lifestyle of adolescents is empirically confirmed, the features of the value of a safe lifestyle of adolescents with deviant behavior are revealed. Based on empirical data, the peculiarities of the formation of the value of a safe lifestyle for adolescents with deviant behavior have been established: adolescents with deviant behavior have insufficiently formed knowledge about safe life, the value of safety is more represented at the level of beliefs, the orientation of motivation to study safe behavior is represented by external positive and negative motives, they do not comply with safety norms and rules in their life. They do not lead an active lifestyle, have bad habits, volitional self-regulation of which is characterized by impulsivity and instability of intentions, low self-control of behavior in various life situations.
Depremzedelerin Hüzün Turizmi Bağlamında Bir Deprem Müzesini Ziyaret Etme Motivasyonlarının İncelenmesi: Düzce İli Örneği
Authors: Top Mustafa , Yıldırım Yıldırım
Published: November 2024

Hüzün turizmi insanların ölüme olan ilgisinin fark edilmesi ile literatürdeki yerini almıştır. Uluslararası literatürde Dark Tourism (Karanlık Turizm) şeklinde ifade edilen bu turizm faaliyetleri yerli literatürde hüzün turizmi, keder turizmi gibi kavramlarla ifade edilmektedir. Toplu ölümlerin, idamların, savaş alanlarının ve anıtların ziyaret edilmesi şeklinde gerçekleştirilen bu turizm faaliyetlerinin önemli bir parçası da doğal afetlere dayalı yaşanan ölümlerin olduğu bölgelere gerçekleştirilen seyahatlerdir. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı Düzce ilinde yaşayan ve 17 Ağustos 1999 ile 12 Kasım 1999 depremlerini yaşayan depremzedelerin hüzün turizmine yönelik farkındalıklarını, tutumlarını, hüzün turizmine katılma motivasyonlarını ve bir deprem müzesini ziyaret etme motivasyonlarını öğrenmektir. Ayrıca hüzün turizmi faaliyetlerine katılırken ki duygu ve düşüncelerini belirlemekte bu araştırmanın amaçları arasında sayılabilir. Araştırma nitel yöntemlerden biri olan mülakat yöntemi kullanılarak tanıdıklarını kaybetmiş 12 depremzedeyle yüzyüze görüşülerek gerçekleştirilmiştir. Birinci dereceden yakınını kaybetmiş kişiler görüşme yapmak istememişlerdir. Bu sebeple tanıdığı, yakını veya arkadaşını kaybetmiş kişilerle görüşülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların çoğunun hüzün turizmi kavramını ilk kez duyduklarını ancak bilmeden hüzün turizmi faaliyetlerine katıldıkları ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu bağlamda hüzün turizminin kavramsal olarak bilinirliğinin sınırlı olduğunu ancak olgusal açıdan bilinirliğinin yüksek olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Katılımcıların Türkiye’deki hüzün turizmi bölgelerini bildikleri ve Anıtkabir ile Çanakkale’yi tüm katılımcıların ziyaret ettiği, katılımcıların yarısının ise Ulucanlar Cezaevi Müzesini ziyaret ettikleri görülmüştür. Ayrıca katılımcıların çoğu bir deprem bölgesini veya deprem müzesini ziyaret etmek istediklerini belirtmiştir. Bu ziyaretleri motive eden faktörlerin ise ‘ölenleri anmak’, ‘acıları paylaşmak’, ve ‘yaşanan olaylardan ders çıkarmak’ olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Katılımcıların hüzün turizmi esnasında korku, üzüntü ve çaresizlik duygularını hissettikleri belirlenmiştir.
Coupling of saccade plans to endogenous attention during urgent choices
Authors: Goldstein Allison T , Stanford Terrence R , Salinas Emilio
Published: November 2024

The neural mechanisms that willfully direct attention to specific locations in space are closely related to those for generating targeting eye movements (saccades). However, the degree to which the voluntary deployment of attention to a location necessarily activates a corresponding saccade plan remains unclear. One problem is that attention and saccades are both automatically driven by salient sensory events; another is that the underlying processes unfold within tens of milliseconds only. Here, we use an urgent task design to resolve the evolution of a visuomotor choice on a moment-by-moment basis while independently controlling the endogenous (goal-driven) and exogenous (salience-driven) contributions to performance. Human participants saw a peripheral cue and, depending on its color, either looked at it (prosaccade) or looked at a diametrically opposite, uninformative non-cue (antisaccade). By varying the luminance of the stimuli, the exogenous contributions could be cleanly dissociated from the endogenous process guiding the choice over time. According to the measured time courses, generating a correct antisaccade requires about 30 ms more processing time than generating a correct prosaccade based on the same perceptual signal. The results indicate that saccade plans elaborated during fixation are biased toward the location where attention is endogenously deployed, but the coupling is weak and can be willfully overridden very rapidly.
Measurement of sulfur content in coal mining areas by using field-remote sensing data and an integrated deep learning model
Authors: Liu Jingyi , Le Ba Tuan
Published: November 2024

High-quality coal emits a smaller amount of harmful substances during the combustion process, which greatly reduces the environmental hazard. The sulfur content of coal is one of the important indicators that determine coal quality. The world’s demand for high-quality coal is increasing. This is challenging for the coal mining industry. Therefore, how to quickly determine the sulfur content of coal in coal mining areas has always been a research difficulty. This study is the first to map the distribution of sulfur content in opencast coal mines using field-remote sensing data, and propose a novel method for evaluating coal mine composition. We collected remote sensing, field visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy data and built analytical models based on a tiny neural network based on the convolutional neural network. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively analyze the coal sulfur content. The coal recognition accuracy is 99.65%, the root-mean-square error is 0.073 and the R is 0.87, and is better than support vector machines and partial least squares methods. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed method shows many advantages and superior performance.
EL NIVEL DE LA CALLE: La creación de un imaginario urbano en el centro de Santiago a través de la peatonalización del interior de la manzana
Authors:   , Cisternas Calderón María José
Published: November 2024

Desde finales del Siglo XX e inicios del Siglo XXI, tras las medidas de repoblamiento, el centro fundacional de Santiago ha sufrido una serie de cambios, tanto demográficos, con la llegada de un nuevo perfil de habitante, como físicos. Esta planificación a corto plazo, principalmente se ha visto reflejada en las manzanas construidas lote a lote, con edificios monofuncionales, disconexos de la trama urbana y con unidades mínimas de vivienda, en las cuales las experiencias cotidianas del habitar no tienen cabida. Lo anterior, causó un desequilibrio entre las formas de habitar la ciudad densificada y los espacios ofrecidos por esta. Ello ha abierto un debate sobre cómo construimos ciudad y cómo es el imaginario que tenemos para esta.En la presente tesis, se busca examinar el espacio público y la vivienda, bajo los términos de densidad y habitabilidad, y su aparente desconexión reflejada principalmente en el nivel de la calle. Se propone la creación de un sistema peatonal que integre espacios públicos en los interiores de manzana, como receptor de la externalización del habitar. El objetivo es construir un sistema de manzanas permeables, estratificándolas y consolidando los primeros niveles integrando el contexto actual. La solución se centra en albergar las necesidades y requerimientos de los nuevos habitantes, estableciendo un sistema de densificación en altura que contemple viviendas de integración social, sustentada de una placa urbana equipada.
Biblio barco: infraestructura itinerante para el archipiélago de Chiloé
Authors:   , Vinueza Lanas Martina
Published: November 2024

A lo largo de la historia, las bibliotecas se han ido adaptando a cambios tecnológicos y sociales, con el objetivo de satisfacer las necesidades de las comunidades a las que sirven. Sin embargo, un factor crucial que requiere un replanteamiento del futuro de las bibliotecas es la geografía del lugar. La provincia de Chiloé, situada en la región de Los Lagos, presenta una característica insular que aísla a gran parte de su población del resto de la región. Por lo que surge la pregunta, ¿Cómo acercar la lectura y la cultura a comunidades geográficamente alejadas?Esta investigación se centra en comprender la geografía e identidad de la provincia de Chiloé para la creación de una biblioteca. Por ello, se propone un biblio-barco: una edificación diseñada para trasladarse a través de los canales y cuerpos de agua que caracterizan esta provincia insular. La propuesta toma como referencia conceptual la obra “El Teatro del Mundo”. Interpretada múltiples veces desde el siglo XVI. Esta obra relata una embarcación flotante que recorre los canales de Venecia, llevando alegorías de las fiestas y carnavales venecianos a modo de teatro. La relevancia de “El teatro del Mundo” en la geografía de Venecia subraya la necesidad de considerar el bordemar chilota para la difusión cultural a través del biblio-barco. A diferencia de bibliotecas tradicionales, ancladas a un lugar fijo, este proyecto aprovecha la red de canales naturales para llegar a comunidades remotas. Así, este biblio-barco, al igual que “El Teatro del Mundo”, cumple un rol de evento: un edificio itinerante que conecta la provincia de Chiloé mediante la cultura, la lectura y el arte de manera festiva. 3 La lógica de difusión cultural a través de los canales del archipiélago es parte de la identidad chilota desde que Alonso de Camargo descubriera en 1540 las costas de Chiloé, especialmente con la “misión circular” jesuita, que recorría los archipiélagos para evangelizar a los indígenas. Un desafío al proyectar una biblioteca sin una ubicación permanente es la variabilidad de sus usuarios. En cada punto, se encontrarán personas con diferentes necesidades, gustos y costumbres. Por lo tanto, al diseñar un biblio-barco, es crucial considerar un estudio de las salas de lectura como una herramienta de diseño que permita maximizar la funcionalidad y adaptabilidad de la biblioteca, ofreciendo soluciones versátiles en un contexto móvil. Como resultado, un biblio-barco no solo facilita el acceso a la lectura y cultura en comunidades aisladas, sino que también proporciona un espacio versátil y adaptable que responde a las necesidades específicas de los usuarios, ofreciendo un carácter más festivo y de evento en cada punto de llegada.
Predicción de localización de puestos de trabajo con redes neuronales sobre imágenes satelitales
Authors:   , Pizarro Kumpf Paulina Andrea
Published: November 2024

La localización de trabajos dentro de las ciudades es fundamental para planificar adecuadamente los sistemas de transporte. Al ser el propósito laboral el más cuantioso dentro de los motivos de viaje en horas punta, conocer la ubicación y concentración de estos atractores/generadores de viaje permite evaluar el efecto de modificaciones de servicios, infraestructura, políticas de transporte, entre otros. Entre las metodologías tradicionales empleadas para recabar esta información se encuentra la realización de encuestas, las que son costosas de implementar y, por consecuencia, suelen no realizarse frecuentemente por lo que la información se encuentra desactualizada. A modo de enfrentar estas dificultades, en esta investigación se propone el uso de redes neuronales convolucionales (CNN) sobre imágenes satelitales para predecir la localización de trabajos en la ciudad de Santiago. Utilizando una imagen satelital de Santiago, se georreferencia información de empresas y usos de suelo, y se genera un conjunto de datos que se utiliza para entrenar diferentes arquitecturas de redes neuronales convolucionales. Se utiliza transfer learning para hacer más eficiente el entrenamiento y se comparan modelos de una y dos entradas, obteniendo mejores resultados para el segundo. Se proponen y se evalúan tres modelos de clasificación y uno de regresión, obteniendo un balanced accuracy de 27% para el modelo de 10 clases, 52% para el modelo de 4 clases y 85% para el modelo de clasificación binario. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que es posible utilizar CNN sobre imágenes satelitales para interpretar presencia de actividades laborales y por consecuencia localizarlas. Entre las recomendaciones para trabajos futuros, se propone el uso de base de datos con localización laboral más precisa, información de usos de suelo a nivel de predios que permita asignar los trabajos a un área y no a un punto, y probar otras arquitecturas de red, como modelos de clasificación jerárquicos.
Lead (Pb) Accumulation in Water, Sediment and Distribution of Macro-Invertebrates in Delimi River, Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Titus Samchi Ishaku , Philibus Mamot Likita , Absalom Keziah Vou
Published: November 2024

Background: This study assessed the concentrations of lead (Pb) in the water column and sediment as well as macro-invertebrates in River Delimi with a view to determining its ability to support aquatic life.
Methodology: Water and sediment samples were collected simultaneously between August and November 2019 at designated stations: A (Abattoir), B (British America bridge), and C (Farin Gada bridge). Composite method was employed to collect water samples from different points in each station in 250 ml capacity plastic bottles with screw caps. The plastic bottles had previously washed with detergent and finally rinsed using distilled water. The water samples were filtered using 0.4 mm Whatman filter paper. Samples were then digested with few drops of concentrated nitric acid (HNO3). Sediment samples were collected in decontaminated airtight polythene bags measuring 500_g each. Sub-samples of the material were sun-dried for three (3) days and homogenized by grinding in laboratory mortar and pestle and sieved (aperture 125 µm). Sediment samples were digested with 20 cm3 aqua regia (3HCl:1HNO3), filtrate were stored in glass bottles and transported to the laboratory for chemical analyses. Macroinvertebrates were collected using a D-frame kick-net (30) at each site over a three-minute period. The collected specimens were preserved in 70% formalin and transported to the laboratory for sorting, identification, and enumeration.
Result: Showed that the concentration of lead (Pb) in all the water samples were found to be less than the permissible limit set by WHO/FAO except site WA3 (0.0874ppm) and WC3 (0.0678 ppm) which were higher than the permissible limit. The concentration of lead (Pb) in sediment was higher than the WHO/FAO permissible limit in all sampling stations which is most likely to pose serious health risks to macrobenthos. Also, 7 Micro-invertebrate taxa were identified in the sampling stations. Chironomidae, Eristalis Larva (Syrphidae), Tabanidae and Whirligig beetle (Gyrinidae) comprised more than 79% of the total abundance while stone fly Larva, hydrophilidae and beetle larva constituted the remaining.
Conclusion: water samples suggest potential environmental contamination of lead in some locations while sediment samples indicate a significant contamination with lead, posing potential health risks to organisms living in the sediment, including macrobenthos.
Domiciliary Care Service at a Tertiary Centre
Authors: Marshall Delis Suzan , Malik Nurul Suhaili Abdul , Irene Looi
Published: November 2024

Background: The domiciliary service comprises of medical and rehabilitation services done at the home of patients to ensure uninterrupted care upon early discharge, render support to the family members in training the caregiver and to reduce readmission by providing quality care.
Objective: To explore the facilitators and barriers of domiciliary services at Hospital Seberang Jaya (HSJ), Penang.
Methods: A total of 53 respondents (34 trained nurses, 8 sisters, 5 matrons, 4 occupational therapists and 2 physiotherapists) involved in domiciliary care from the medical, surgical, orthopedics and pediatrics wards were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire as homogenous focus groups or as individuals, audio recorded, transcribed and thematically analyzed.
Results: 3 domains were identified as facilitators and barriers; Health System factors, Health professional and Patient and Caregiver factors. In facilitators, health system factors (ongoing measures in domiciliary updates, having a reference file in ward, cluster hospital concept and a dedicated person in charge). Health professional factors (teamwork, synchronized explanation and pre planned discharge), patient and caregiver factors (suitable caregiver, locale convenience of health facility) and finally the proactiveness, motivating and supportive factors that encompasses all 3. The Health System barriers were (inadequacy in; man power, public information and ineffective domiciliary team). Health Professionals Barriers were (bias selection of cases and default in responsibilities). Patient and Caregiver Barriers (unsuitable caregiver, misconception on nursing role, lacking confidence to learn and financial issues). Encompassing all were lack in continual monitoring, communication and supervision.
Conclusions: For a successful domiciliary care, health system factor, health professional factors, patient and caregiver factors need to be addressed. Its Implementation will involve all stakeholders to work for a common goal for an effective delivery of domiciliary services at HSJ.
Utilization of Hydrotropes on Solubilization of Tenoxicam in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Gerald Ugodi W , Chika Mbah J , Ngozi Nwodo J , Oluchi Ozochi A , Nafisa Momoh
Published: November 2024

Hydrotropy is a unique solubilization technique utilize to depict the increase in the solubility of a solute by the addition of a second solute (in large amount) resulting in an increase in the aqueous solubility solute of interest. Therapeutic effectiveness of a drug depends on its aqueous solubility and bioavailability. The purpose of the study was to establish tenoxicam solubility in hydrotropes at very low concentrations as well as explore solubilization behavior of the drug in mixed hydrotropic systems at very low concentrations.
The methodology involved the use of rotary flask shaker at room temperature to determine the solubility of tenoxicam in water, hydrotropes (sodium benzoate, sodium citrate, urea) and mixed hydrotropes.
The results showed that sodium benzoate gave the most increase in the aqueous solubility of tenoxicam when compared to other hydrotropes. However, the highest aqueous solubility fold increase of tenoxicam (about 92 fold-increase) was produced by sodium benzoate and sodium citrate mix at 6:2 ratio.  The decrease in standard free energy pointed out the spontaneity of the solubilization process. 
In conclusion, the study showed that mixed hydrotropes are better to be utilized in the solubilizing of tenoxicam in aqueous solution.
Comparison of STCR and Conventional Fertilizer Approaches for Improved Yield, Uptake and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Greengram
Authors: Spoorthishankar K. S. , Murthy R. Krishna , Kadalli G. G. , Vasanthi B. G. , Pushpa K. , Muthuraju R.
Published: November 2024

The present study investigates the effects of various fertilizer recommendation approaches on yield, nutrient uptake and nutrient use efficiency in greengram (BGS-9), conducted at ZARS, GKVK, Bengaluru during summer-2024. Soil test crop response (STCR) based fertilizer prescription equations were developed during kharif-2022 by following the methodology of Ramamoorthy et al., (1967) and were validated alongside post-harvest soil test value prediction equations. Results indicated that significantly higher seed yield (17.99 q ha⁻¹) was recorded in the STCR approach for the target yield of 15 q ha-1, where nutrients were applied through integrated approach based on actual soil test values (T3). The highest haulm yield (30.25 q ha⁻¹) was recorded in T2, which followed the STCR inorganic approach targeting 15 q ha⁻¹, based on predicted soil test values. Nutrient uptake results indicated that significantly higher nitrogen (110.73 kg ha⁻¹), phosphorus (11.39 kg ha⁻¹) and potassium (140.06 kg ha⁻¹) uptake were recorded in STCR treatments, particularly in those with an integrated approach. These treatments also validated better nutrient recovery and agronomic use efficiency compared to low, medium and high (LMH) and package of practice (POP) approaches. The findings confirm the accuracy of predicted soil test values in fertilizer prescription, indicating that repeated soil testing between crops may be unnecessary. The STCR based integrated approach provided balanced nutrient application, leading to optimal yield and nutrient uptake. This study highlights the effectiveness of STCR methodologies for efficient nutrient management and improved productivity in greengram.
Trait Interactions and Yield Enhancement in Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.): Insights from Correlation and Path Analysis
Authors: Shankar Korra , Suresh Guglothu , Tiwari Nalini , Ajmera Sriram
Published: November 2024

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a self-pollinated (2n = 30) annual Rabi season crop mainly cultivated for flax fiber and oil due to its commercial use. The present investigation was carried out to study an association analysis among the yield and yield attributes using 75 linseed genotypes including 10 checks in a randomized block design with three replications at Oilseeds Research Farm, Kalyanpur, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, (India) during Rabi season of 2019-20. The correlation analysis revealed that the traits number of secondary branches per plant followed the number of primary branches per plant and number of capsules per plant at both the genotypic and phenotypic levels. The results of the path coefficient analysis revealed that traits such as the number of secondary branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, and plant height exhibited a strong and positive direct effect on seed yield per plant at both the genotypic and phenotypic levels. The seed yield can be improved by selecting traits such as number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches, number of capsules per plant, and plant height. It is recommended that the breeder focus on these traits in linseed to enhance its commercial value for the farming community.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of Potential α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Terminalia catappa Leaf Extracts
Authors: Issahaku Abdul-Matiin , Oseni Lateef Adebayo
Published: November 2024

Aims: Postprandial hyperglyceamia is often caused by insulin insufficiency or cellular glucose uptake complications, and conventional treatments often yield undesirable side effects. The aim of the current work was to assess the α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of T. catappa leaf extracts and use spectroscopic techniques to partially characterize possible inhibitors.
Study Design: Phytochemical screening, enzyme inhibition assay and spectrometric and spectroscopic characterization of bioactive compounds from leaf extract and fractions of T. catappa.
Place and Duration of Study: The entire work was carried out at the Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, University for Development Studies, Ghana within nine months.
Methodology: T. catappa leaf extract and fractions were qualitatively screened for phytochemicals and their biological activity assessed in α-glucosidase inhibition assay. The potential enzyme inhibitors were characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy.
Results: Phytochemical screening of the extract and the various solvent fractions revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, flavanol glycosides, phenolics, and terpenoids. The α-glucosidase inhibition potential of the crude leaf extract was concentration-dependent with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 337.5 µg/ml. Solvent fractions from the crude extract demonstrated α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 170.40 µg/ml for ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction to 71.90 µg/ml for n-hexane (n-Hex) fraction. Acarbose, the control drug, demonstrated significant α-glucosidase inhibition activity in a similar pattern with IC50 of 6.16 µg/ml. The enzyme inhibition kinetics parameters, specifically the Michaelis constant (KM) and Maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) values, suggested that the inhibition of α-glucosidase by T. catappa extract followed a competitive mode. GC-MS and FT-IR analysis of the n-Hexane fraction identified the compounds Eugenol, Urs-12-en-24-oic acid, 3-oxo-, methyl ester (+)-, phytol, trans-isoeugenol, α-amyrin, and squalene as the potential antidiabetic agents that might be responsible for reducing postprandial blood glucose levels.
Conclusion: These findings show that T. catappa leaf extract contains α-glucosidase inhibitors and therefore serves as a valuable resource in the discovery of natural anti-diabetic agents.