bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Variants in Histone Modification Regions Predict Clinical Outcomes of Pemetrexed Chemotherapy in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lee Yong Hoon , Do Sook Kyung , Lee Shin Yup , Kang Hyo-Gyoung , Choi Jin Eun , Hong Mi Jeong , Lee Jang Hyuck , Lee Sunwoong , Lee Won Kee , Jeong Ji Yun , Shin Kyung Min , Park Ji Eun , Choi Sun Ha , Seo Hyewon , Yoo Seung Soo , Lee Jaehee , Cha Seung Ick , Kim Chang Ho , Park Jae Yong
Published: October 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the association between genetic variants in histone modification regions and clinical outcomes of PEM chemotherapy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: Potentially functional SNPs were selected using integrated analysis of ChIP-seq and RNA-seq. The associations of 279 SNPs with chemotherapy response and overall survival (OS) were analyzed in 314 lung adenocarcinoma patients who underwent PEM chemotherapy. Results: Among the SNPs investigated, 18 were significantly associated with response to chemotherapy, while 28 with OS. Of these SNPs, rs549794A>G in an enhancer which is expected to regulate the expression of ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3) gene was significantly associated with both worse response to chemotherapy and worse OS (adjusted odds ratio = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.36–0.97, p = 0.04; adjusted hazard ratio = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.09–1.91, p = 0.01, respectively). Previous studies suggested that RPS3, a multi-functional protein with various extraribosomal activities, may play a role in chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, it is postulated that rs549794-induced change in the expression level of RPS3 may affect the response to PEM chemotherapy and consequently the survival outcomes in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Conclusion: This study suggests that genetic variants in the histone modification regions may be useful for the prediction of clinical outcomes of PEM chemotherapy in advanced lung adenocarcinoma.
The Proton Pump Inhibitors Use and COVID-19 from Prior to Vaccination Perspective: A Review
Authors: Ksiądzyna Dorota , Szeląg Adam
Published: October 2022

Background: The coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a huge challenge, affecting directly or indirectly the human race worldwide. Many COVID-19-related risk factors have been identified. Various drugs, including proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), have been claimed to increase the risk of acquiring or affecting the outcome of COVID-19 prior to the availability of vaccines. The aim of this review was to summarize the uncertain role of PPI use on the SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 clinical course, including both some well-established and presumptive indications to these potent inhibitors of gastric acid secretion, before vaccinations against COVID-19 were implemented on a massive scale. Summary: Although iatrogenic hypochlorhydria alters human microbiota and impairs the nonspecific innate immunity, increasing the likelihood of gastrointestinal and pulmonary infections, published data on the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 positivity and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are quite inconclusive. On the contrary, the beneficial role of PPI use in the prevention of the upper gastrointestinal bleeding, particularly in at-risk patients receiving dual antiplatelet treatment and/or concomitant anticoagulation, constituting a significant proportion of COVID-19 patients, has been well-documented. Furthermore, PPIs have been marked as a potential antiviral remedy, just like many already existing repurposed drugs, that merit further studies in search of successful anti-CO­VID-19 pharmacotherapy. Key Messages: The controversial role of PPIs on the SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity propounded in the past should not prevent the use of these potent inhibitors of gastric acid secretion in well-established clinical indications.
Obesity-Induced Hepatic Steatosis Is Partly Mediated by Visceral Fat Accumulation in Subjects with Overweight/Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Fengjing , Chen Si , Li Xiao , Li Shaobo , Xiao Yunfeng , Han Junfeng , Tu Yinfang , Bao Yuqian , Bai Wenkun , Yu Haoyong
Published: October 2022

Introduction: We explored whether visceral fat accumulation mediates the development of hepatic steatosis in individuals living with overweight and obesity. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 769 outpatients with overweight and obesity aged 18–65 years. The controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) was used to quantify the degree of hepatic steatosis. Visceral fat accumulation, represented by the visceral fat area (VFA), was measured using magnetic resonance imaging. The associations of body mass index (BMI), VFA, and CAP with each other were assessed by univariate analysis, multivariate linear regression, and mediation analysis, respectively. Results: Compared with women, male subjects had higher BMI, VFA, and CAP levels. In both sex, CAP was positively correlated with BMI and VFA by the univariate analysis. After adjusting for demographic and serum characteristics, the linear correlation coefficients between BMI and CAP were 1.738 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.100, 2.377), 1.524 (95% CI: 0.798, 2.249), and 2.650 (95% CI: 1.292, 4.009) in all subjects, females, and males, respectively, while those between VFA and CAP were 0.190 (95% CI: 0.133, 0.247), 0.184 (95% CI: 0.117, 0.252), and 0.194 (95% CI: 0.086, 0.301). Mediation analysis showed that visceral fat accumulation contributed to 51.37%, 53.85%, and 26.51% of obesity-induced hepatic steatosis in the total, female, and male subjects, respectively. Conclusion: Visceral fat accumulation partially mediates obesity-induced hepatic steatosis in individuals with overweight and obesity, especially in women. More focus on visceral fat reduction is needed in individuals with obesity.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Patients With Heart Failure From Before to Early After Advanced Surgical Therapies: Findings From the SUSTAIN-IT Study
Authors: Grady Kathleen L. , Kao Andrew , Spertus John A. , Hsich Eileen , Dew Mary Amanda , Pham Duc-Thinh , Hartupee Justin , Petty Michael , Cotts William , Pamboukian Salpy V. , Pagani Francis D. , Lampert Brent , Johnson Maryl , Murray Margaret , Takeda Koji , Yuzefpolskaya Melana , Silvestry Scott , Kirklin James K. , Andrei Adin-Cristian , Elenbaas Christian , Baldridge Abigail , Yancy Clyde
Published: October 2022

Background:

Restoring health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a therapeutic goal for older patients with advanced heart failure. We aimed to describe change in HRQOL in older patients (60–80 years) awaiting heart transplantation (HT) with or without pretransplant mechanical circulatory support (MCS) or scheduled for long-term MCS, if ineligible for HT, from before to 6 months after these surgeries and identify factors associated with change.

Methods:

Patients from 13 US sites completed the EuroQol 5-dimension 3L questionnaire and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 at baseline and 3 and 6 months after HT or long-term MCS. Analyses included univariate comparisons and multivariable linear regression.

Results:

Among 305 participants (cohort mean age=66.2±4.7 years, 78% male, 84% White, 55% New York Heart Association class IV), 161 underwent HT (n=68 with and n=93 without pretransplant MCS), and 144 received long-term MCS. From baseline to 3 months, EuroQol 5-dimension visual analog scale scores improved in HT patients without pretransplant MCS (54.5±24.3 versus 75.9±16.0,
P
<0.001) and long-term MCS patients (45.7±22.9 versus 66.2± 20.9,
P
<0.001); while Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 overall summary scores improved in all 3 groups (HT without pretransplant MCS: 47.2±20.9 versus 77.4±20.1,
P
<0.001; long-term MCS: 35.3±20.2 versus 58.6±22.0,
P
<0.001; and HT with pretransplant MCS: 58.3±23.6 versus 72.1±23.5,
P
=0.002). No further HRQOL improvement was found from 3 to 6 months. Factors most significantly associated with change in HRQOL, baseline 3 months, were right heart failure and 3-month New York Heart Association class, and 3 to 6 months, were 6-month New York Heart Association class and major bleeding.

Conclusions:

In older heart failure patients, HRQOL improved from before to early after HT and long-term MCS. At 6 postoperative months, HRQOL of long-term MCS patients was lower than one or both HT groups. Understanding change in HRQOL from before to early after these surgeries may enhance decision-making and guide patient care.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02568930.
Left Main Stem Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Does On-Site Surgical Cover Make a Difference?
Authors: Rashid Muhammad , Zaman Mahvash , Ludman Peter , Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Curzen Nick , Kinnaird Tim , Moledina Saadiq , Abbott J. Dawn , Grines Cindy L. , Mamas Mamas A.
Published: October 2022

Background:

Nonsurgical centers (NSC) contribute significantly to the capacity of overall percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the United Kingdom. Although previous studies have demonstrated similar PCI outcomes in surgical centers (SC) versus NSC, it is unknown whether this applies to more complex procedures such as left main stem (LMS) PCI. We compared patient characteristics and outcomes of LMS PCI performed across SC and NSC in England and Wales.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of procedures between January 2006 and March 2020 was performed using the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society database and stratified according to the surgical status of the center. The primary outcomes assessed were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, all-cause mortality, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium stage 3 to 5 bleeding.

Results:

Forty thousand seven hundred forty-four patients underwent LMS PCI during the period, of which 13 922 (34.2%) had their procedure performed at an NSC. The proportion of LMS PCI performed in NSC increased >2-fold (15.9% in 2006 to 36.7% in 2020). There was no association between surgical cover location and in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.69–1.22]), in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (odds ratio, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.79–1.25]), or emergency coronary artery bypass graft surgery (odds ratio, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.95–1.06]). NSC had lower Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 3 to 5 bleeding complications (odds ratio, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.34–0.82]).

Conclusions:

There has been an increase in LMS PCI volumes at NSC, particularly elective LMS PCI. LMS PCI performed at NSC was not associated with increased mortality, in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, or emergency coronary artery bypass graft surgery, despite higher disease complexity.
Predictors of Clinical Success After Transcatheter Paravalvular Leak Closure: An International Prospective Multicenter Registry
Authors: Hascoët Sébastien , Smolka Grzegorz , Blanchard David , Kloëckner Martin , Brochet Eric , Bouisset Frederic , Leurent Guillaume , Thambo Jean-Benoit , Combes Nicolas , Dumonteil Nicolas , Bauer Fabrice , Nejjari Mohammed , Pillière Rémy , Dauphin Claire , Bonnet Guillaume , Ciobotaru Vlad , Kételers Régis , Gallet Romain , Hammoudi Nadjib , Mangin Lionel , Bouvaist Hélène , Spaulding Christian , Aminian Adel , Kilic Teoman , Popovic Batric , Armero Sébastien , Champagnac Didier , Gérardin Benoît
Published: October 2022

Background:

Transcatheter closure of a symptomatic prosthetic paravalvular leak (PVL) is feasible, but there is presently no conclusive evidence to show consistent efficacy. We aimed to identify predictors of clinical success after transcatheter PVL closure.

Methods:

Consecutive patients referred to 24 European centers for transcatheter PVL closure in 2017 to 2019 were included in a prospective registry (
Fermeture de Fuite ParaProthétique
, FFPP). Clinical success was absence of any of the following within 1 month: re-admission for heart failure, blood transfusion, open-heart valvular surgery, and death.

Results:

We included 216 symptomatic patients, who underwent 238 percutaneous PVL closure procedures on the mitral (64.3%), aortic (34.0%), or tricuspid (1.7%) valve. Symptoms were heart failure, hemolytic anemia, or both in 48.9%, 7.8%, and 43.3% of patients, respectively. One, 2, and 3 leaks were treated during the same procedure in 69.6%, 26.6%, and 3.8% of patients, respectively. The PVL was pinpoint or involved 1/8 or 1/4 of the valve circumference in 18.6%, 52.4%, and 28.1% of cases, respectively. The most frequently used devices were the Vascular Plug 3, Ventricular Septal Defect Occluder, Vascular Plug 2, and Paravalvular Leak Device (45.0%, 16.6%, 14.2%, and 13.6% of cases, respectively). Successful device(s) implantation with leak reduction to ≤grade 2 was obtained in 85.0% of mitral and 91.4% of aortic procedures, respectively (
P
=0.164); with major periprocedural adverse event rates of 3.3% and 1.2%, respectively (
P
=0.371); and clinical success rates of 70.3% and 88.0%, respectively (
P
=0.004). By multivariate analysis, technical failure, mechanical valve, and hemolytic anemia were independently associated with absence of clinical success (odds ratios [95% CIs], 7.7 [2.0–25.0];
P=
0.002; 3.6 [1.1–11.1];
P
=0.036; and 3.7 [1.2–11.9];
P
=0.025; respectively).

Conclusions:

Transcatheter PVL closure is efficient and safe in symptomatic patients but is associated with a lower clinical success rate in patients with hemolysis and/or a mechanical valve.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifiers: NCT05089136
Preemptive Septal Radiofrequency Ablation to Prevent Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction With Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement: A Case Series
Authors: Killu Ammar M. , Collins Jeremy D. , Eleid Mackram F. , Alkhouli Mohamad , Simard Trevor , Rihal Charanjit , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Guerrero Mayra
Published: October 2022

Background:

Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction may occur following transcatheter mitral valve replacement in the setting of mitral annular calcification.

Methods:

We present a case series whereby preemptive septal radiofrequency ablation (RADIO-TMVR) was used to augment the left ventricular outflow tract for transcatheter mitral valve replacement in 4 patients at risk for left ventricular outflow tract obstruction despite alcohol septal ablation.

Results:

All patients were female, average age of 74.9 (68.8–80.4) years. Baseline ejection fraction was 71% (63%–75%). Mean mitral valve area was 1.28 (range, 1.0–1.59) cm
2
. Mean mitral valve gradient at rest was 9.5 (range, 7–11) mm Hg. New York Heart Association symptoms were III to IV at baseline. Patients underwent preemptive septal radiofrequency ablation to prevent left ventricular outflow tract obstruction with transcatheter mitral valve replacement a range between 69 and 154 days after alcohol septal ablation. Procedural time was 384 (337–424) minutes with a fluoroscopic time of 31 (14–71) minutes. Radiofrequency ablation time was 132 (100–175) minutes. As anticipated, 3 patients developed complete heart block and underwent pacemaker implantation, whereas 1 had a preexisting pacemaker. One patient developed groin hematoma and heart failure exacerbation. There were no peri-procedural deaths. Preemptive septal radiofrequency ablation to prevent left ventricular outflow tract obstruction with transcatheter mitral valve replacement resulted in septal end-diastolic wall thickness reduction compared with baseline (28.6%, 30.4%, 30.3%, and 11.1%) and following alcohol septal ablation (23.1%, 12%, 8.5%). Valve replacement in the setting of mitral annular calcification was performed in all patients 89 (range, 38–45) days after preemptive septal radiofrequency ablation to prevent left ventricular outflow tract obstruction with transcatheter mitral valve replacement. Two patients had concomitant laceration of the anterior mitral leaflet to further augment the neo-left ventricular outflow tract. Postprocedure, New York Heart Association symptoms improved to class I (3 patients) and class II (1 patient).

Conclusions:

In at-risk individuals, preemptive septal radiofrequency ablation may be an effective strategy at preventing left ventricular outflow tract obstruction with transcatheter mitral valve replacement.
Sensitization of Hypertension: The Impact of Earlier Life Challenges: Excellence Award for Hypertension Research 2021
Authors: Xue Baojian , Johnson Alan Kim
Published: October 2022

Hypertension affects over 1 billion individuals worldwide. Because the cause of hypertension is known only in a small fraction of patients, most individuals with high blood pressure are diagnosed as having essential hypertension. Elevated sympathetic nervous system activity has been identified in a large portion of hypertensive patients. However, the root cause for this sympathetic overdrive is unknown. A more complete understanding of the breadth of the functional capabilities of the sympathetic nervous system may lead to new insights into the cause of essential hypertension. By employing a unique experimental paradigm, we have recently discovered that the neural network controlling sympathetic drive is more reactive after rats are exposed to mild challenges (stressors) and that the hypertensive response can be sensitized (ie, hypertensive response sensitization [HTRS]). We have also found that the induction of HTRS involves plasticity in the neural network controlling sympathetic drive. The induction and maintenance of the latent HTRS state also require the functional integrity of the brain renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the presence of several central inflammatory factors. In this review, we will discuss the induction and expression of HTRS in adult animals and in the progeny of mothers with prenatal obesity/overnutrition or with maternal gestational hypertension. Also, interventions that reverse the effects of stressor-induced HTRS will be reviewed. Understanding the mechanisms underlying HTRS and identifying the beneficial effects of maternal or offspring early-life interventions that prevent or reverse the sensitized state can provide insights into therapeutic strategies for interrupting the vicious cycle of transgenerational hypertension.
Brain Vascular Dysfunction in Mothers and Their Children Exposed to Preeclampsia
Authors: Escudero Carlos , Kupka Ellen , Ibañez Belen , Sandoval Hermes , Troncoso Felipe , Wikström Anna-Karin , López-Espíndola Daniela , Acurio Jesenia , Torres-Vergara Pablo , Bergman Lina
Published: October 2022

Preeclampsia is a maternal syndrome characterized by the new onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation associated with multisystemic complications, including brain alterations. Indeed, brain complications associated with preeclampsia are the leading direct causes of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality, especially in low- and middle-income countries. In addition to the well-recognized long-term adverse cardiovascular effects of preeclampsia, women who have had preeclampsia have higher risk of stroke, dementia, intracerebral white matter lesions, epilepsy, and perhaps also cognitive decline postpartum. Furthermore, increasing evidence has also associated preeclampsia with similar cognitive and cerebral disorders in the offspring. However, the mechanistic links between these associations remain unresolved. This article summarizes the current knowledge about the cerebrovascular complications elicited by preeclampsia and the potential pathophysiological mechanisms involved, emphasizing the impaired brain vascular function in the mother and their offspring.
Increased Placental sFLT1 (Soluble fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase Receptor-1) Drives the Antiangiogenic Profile of Maternal Serum Preceding Preeclampsia but Not Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Gaccioli Francesca , Sovio Ulla , Gong Sungsam , Cook Emma , Charnock-Jones D. Stephen , Smith Gordon C.S.
Published: October 2022

Background:

Preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are both associated with an increased ratio of sFLT1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1) to PlGF (placenta growth factor) in maternal serum. In preeclampsia, it is assumed that increased placental release of sFLT1 results in PlGF being bound and inactivated. However, direct evidence for this model is incomplete, and it is unclear whether the same applies in FGR.

Methods:

We conducted a prospective cohort study where we followed 4212 women having first pregnancies from their dating ultrasound, obtained blood samples serially through the pregnancy, and performed systematic sampling of the placenta after delivery. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between protein levels of sFLT1 and PlGF in maternal serum measured at ≈36 weeks and placental tissue lysates obtained after term delivery in 82 women with preeclampsia, 50 women with FGR, and 132 controls.

Results:

The sFLT1:PlGF ratio was increased in both preeclampsia and FGR in both the placenta and maternal serum. However, in preeclampsia, the maternal serum ratio of sFLT1:PlGF was strongly associated with placental sFLT1 level (r=0.45;
P
<0.0001) but not placental PlGF level (r=−0.17;
P
=0.16). In contrast, in FGR, the maternal serum ratio of sFLT1:PlGF was strongly associated with placental PlGF level (r=−0.35;
P
=0.02) but not sFLT1 level (r=0.04;
P
=0.81).

Conclusions:

We conclude that the elevated sFLT1:PlGF ratio is primarily driven by increased placental sFLT1 in preeclampsia, whereas in FGR, it is primarily driven by decreased placental PlGF.
Trial of Intrapartum Extended-Release Nifedipine to Prevent Severe Hypertension Among Pregnant Individuals With Preeclampsia With Severe Features
Authors: Cleary Erin M. , Racchi Nicholas W. , Patton K. Grace , Kudrimoti Meghana , Costantine Maged M. , Rood Kara M.
Published: October 2022

Background:

Preeclampsia is associated with maternal and perinatal morbidity. Besides acute therapy for severe hypertension, best practices are lacking for intrapartum hypertension management. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that intrapartum initiation of extended-release nifedipine in individuals with preeclampsia with severe features prevents severe hypertension.

Methods:

Randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial of individuals with preeclampsia with severe features undergoing labor induction between 22
0/7
and 41
6/7
weeks gestation. Participants were randomized to oral extended-release nifedipine 30 mg or identical placebo every 24 hours. Primary outcome is defined as receipt of ≥1 dose of acute hypertension therapy for severe blood pressure (≥160/110 mm Hg) sustained ≥10 minutes. Secondary outcomes included route of delivery, neonatal intensive care unit admission, and a composite of adverse neonatal outcomes.

Results:

Of 365 individuals screened, 55 were randomized to nifedipine and 55 to placebo. Primary outcome was observed in 34.0% of individuals in nifedipine group versus 55.1% in placebo group (relative risk [RR] 0.62 [95% CI, 0.39–0.97]); number needed to treat to prevent receipt of acute treatment was 4.7 (95% CI, 2.5–44.3). Fewer individuals in nifedipine group required cesarean delivery compared with placebo group (20.8% versus 34.7%, RR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.31–1.15]). Neonatal intensive care unit admission rate was lower in nifedipine group compared with placebo (29.1% versus 47.1%; RR 0.62 [95% CI, 0.37–1.02]). Neonatal composite was similar between groups (35.8% versus 41.2%, RR, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.51–1.37]).

Conclusions:

Initiation of extended-release nifedipine is effective in reducing intrapartum acute hypertensive therapy among individuals with preeclampsia with severe features.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04392375.
Sympathetic Action Potential Firing and Recruitment Patterns Are Abnormal in Gestational Hypertension
Authors: Badrov Mark B. , Yoo Jeung-Ki , Hissen Sarah L. , Nelson David B. , Shoemaker J. Kevin , Fu Qi
Published: October 2022

Background:

We tested the hypothesis that women who develop gestational hypertension (GH) display abnormal sympathetic action potential (AP) discharge patterns during late pregnancy (32–36 weeks), both at supine rest and during postural stress.

Methods:

Thirteen nonpregnant, female controls (nonpregnant controls [CTRL]) and 32 pregnant women participated; 14 had low-risk (no personal history of GH) normal pregnancies (LR-NP), 10 had high-risk (personal history of GH) normal pregnancies (HR-NP), and 8 developed GH. We measured heart rate, blood pressure, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (microneurography) at supine rest and 60° head-up tilt. Sympathetic AP patterns were studied using wavelet-based methodology.

Results:

At rest, muscle sympathetic nerve activity burst frequency was elevated in LR-NP, HR-NP, and GH versus CTRL (all
P
≤0.01); however, the AP content per integrated burst was augmented only in GH (20±5 spikes/burst), compared with CTRL (8±3 spikes/burst), LR-NP (9±2 spikes/burst) and HR-NP (11±4 spikes/burst; all
P
<0.0001). Thus, total AP firing frequency was greater in GH versus each of CTRL, LR-NP, and HR-NP (all
P
<0.0001). In pregnancy, AP frequency is related directly to systolic (R
2
=46%) and diastolic (R
2
=20%) blood pressure (both
P
≤0.01). Unlike CTRL (both
P
<0.01), women who developed GH were unable to increase within-burst AP firing (
P
=0.71) or recruit latent subpopulations of larger-sized APs (
P
=0.72) in response to head-up tilt, perhaps related to a ceiling-effect; however, total AP firing frequency in the upright posture was elevated in the GH cohort versus CTRL, LR-NP, and HR-NP (all
P
<0.05).

Conclusions:

Women who develop GH display aberrant sympathetic AP firing patterns in both the supine and upright postures.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Thrombolysis-Treated Stroke Patients With and Without Saccular Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Virta Jyri J. , Strbian Daniel , Putaala Jukka , Kaprio Jaakko , Korja Miikka
Published: October 2022

Background:

Intravenous thrombolysis seems safe in acute ischemic stroke patients with saccular, unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs), but little is known about the differences in cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes between intravenous thrombolysis-treated stroke patients with and without UIAs. We hypothesized that UIA patients would have a higher burden of cardiovascular risk factors and, therefore, a higher risk of an unfavorable outcome.

Methods:

In this prospective cohort study conducted in Helsinki University Hospital, we identified intravenous thrombolysis-treated patients with concurrent saccular UIAs admitted to a comprehensive stroke center between 2005 and 2019 using 2 overlapping methods. For each UIA patient, a control patient was identified and matched (1:1) for age, sex, admission year, and stroke severity. The primary outcome was an unfavorable outcome at 3 months, defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 3 to 6. The secondary outcomes were an excellent outcome (mRS score 0–1) at 3 months and mRS difference in shift analysis.

Results:

In total, 118 UIA patients and 118 matched control patients were identified. The UIA patients were more often current smokers, and their admission systolic blood pressure was higher. The rate of hemorrhagic complications did not differ between the groups. UIAs were not associated with an unfavorable outcome in the conditional logistic regression analysis (odds ratio, 1.41 [95% CI, 0.79–2.54];
P
=0.25). However, the UIA patients were less likely to have excellent outcomes (odds ratio for non-excellent outcome, 2.09 [95% CI, 1.13–3.85];
P
=0.02). In shift analysis, UIAs were associated with higher mRS (odds ratio, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.03–2.49];
P
=0.04).

Conclusions:

The intravenous thrombolysis-treated stroke patients with UIAs were more often current smokers and had higher systolic blood pressure than the matched patients without UIAs. They were as likely to have unfavorable outcomes at 3 months but seemed less likely to achieve excellent outcomes and were more likely to have higher mRS in shift analysis.
Two new species of small minnow mayfly (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from a mine-tailing dam disaster area in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: DE LIMA CLÁUDIA R.T. , MASSARIOL FABIANA CRISTE , CRUZ PAULO VILELA , HAMADA NEUSA
Published: October 2022

After the worst mine-tailing dam disaster which occurred in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, it was necessary to understand the extent of the biodiversity loss. Thus, based on legal obligations, a monitoring of the fauna and flora along the Rio Doce basin was developed. From this large study, surprisingly, two undescribed psammophilous mayfly species were collected. Given the environmental disaster, and the particular concern with species that inhabiting sandy bottom, the two new species may be already threatened. Considering the reported circumstances, our objective is to described the new species and carry out their extinction risk assessment following the IUCN protocol. Apobaetis irai sp. nov. can be distinguished by the size and shape of the setae in the distal middle area of the dorsal surface of the labrum, with 3 minutes, blunt spatulate setae and the shape of the labial palp; is likely to be threated, plausibly eligible, at least, as Vulnerable (VU) B2ab(iii)+D2. Rivudiva watu sp. nov., can be distinguished by the distal shape of glossae, absence of row of setae on ventral margin on the hind tibiae and hypopharynx without distomedial projection; given its distribution, it was not directly impacted by the disaster, however, there is not enough data to accurately estimate the extent of its occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO), therefore, it may be eligible for Data Deficient (DD).
Five new species of Tinodes (Trichoptera: Psychomyiidae) from China
Authors: PENG LANG , GE XIN-YU , SUN CHANG-HAI , WANG BEI-XIN
Published: October 2022

Five new species of genus Tinodes Curtis 1834 from China are described, illustrated, and diagnosed based on distinctive characters of male genitalia, including Tinodes falcata n. sp., T. xuzhouorum n. sp., T. shunhuangshanensis n. sp., T. yangae n. sp., and T. lini n. sp. Tinodes falcata n. sp. differs from other members of Tinodes in having an unpaired falcate and strongly sclerotized phallic sheath process. Tinodes xuzhouorum n. sp. differs from T. charmi Malicky 2009 by the relative lengths of the superior appendages and the phallus, the position of the ejaculatory duct, and the angle formed by tergum IX and the superior appendages in lateral view. Tinodes shunhuangshanensis n. sp. can be distinguished from T. sartael Malicky 2017 by the phallic sheath process splitting into paired dorsal branches and an apically incised ventral branch. Tinodes yangae n. sp. differs from T. eris Malicky & Sangpradub 2001 by the dorsal phallic sheath process having extra paired vertical branches. Tinodes lini n. sp. differs from T. dactringa Johanson & Oláh 2008 by the phallic guide with a pair of closely attached dorsal branches.
Psaironeura jeronimoi (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae) sp. nov. from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, with a key for species of tenuissima group, and discussion on the significance of the genital ligula to the taxonomy of the group
Authors: MENDOZA-PENAGOS CRISTIAN CAMILO , JUEN LEANDRO , MUZÓN JAVIER , VILELA DIOGO SILVA
Published: October 2022

Psaironeura jeronimoi sp. nov. is described based on seven males (Holotype: ♂ (LABECO, N° 10002717), BRAZIL, Amazonas, Alto Maués Ecological Station, (-5.9852, -59.3182, 114 m asl, 12.v.2019) collected in the state of Amazonas (near Alto Maués Ecological Station) and Pará (municipality of Belterra). This new species fits into the tenuissima group but presents differences in color pattern and shape of the apex cerci. Main morphological characters are figured and compared with those of P. tenuissima (Selys, 1886) and P. bifurcata (Sjöstedt, 1918). Key to males and comments on genital ligula of the species of the group are provided. Finally, comments on the conservation status of the species are presented.
A Forward Energy Flux at Submesoscales Driven by Frontogenesis
Authors: Srinivasan Kaushik , Barkan Roy , McWilliams James C.
Published: October 2022

Submesoscale currents, comprising fronts and mixed-layer eddies, exhibit a dual cascade of kinetic energy: a forward cascade to dissipation scales at fronts and an inverse cascade from mixed-layer eddies to mesoscale eddies. Within a coarse-graining framework using both spatial and temporal filters, we show that this dual cascade can be captured in simple mathematical form obtained by writing the cross-scale energy flux in the local principal strain coordinate system, wherein the flux reduces to the sum of two terms, one proportional to the convergence and the other proportional to the strain. The strain term is found to cause the inverse energy flux to larger scales while an approximate equipartition of the convergent and strain terms captures the forward energy flux, demonstrated through model-based analysis and asymptotic theory. A consequence of this equipartition is that the frontal forward energy flux is simply proportional to the frontal convergence. In a recent study, it was shown that the Lagrangian rate of change of quantities like the divergence, vorticity, and horizontal buoyancy gradient are proportional to convergence at fronts, implying that horizontal convergence drives frontogenesis. We show that these two results imply that the primary mechanism for the forward energy flux at fronts is frontogenesis. We also analyze the energy flux through a Helmholtz decomposition and show that the rotational components are primarily responsible for the inverse cascade while a mix of the divergent and rotational components cause the forward cascade, consistent with our asymptotic analysis based on the principal strain framework.
A Comparison of Person-Fit Indices to Detect Social Desirability Bias
Authors: Nazari Sanaz , Leite Walter L. , Huggins-Manley A. Corinne
Published: October 2022

Social desirability bias (SDB) has been a major concern in educational and psychological assessments when measuring latent variables because it has the potential to introduce measurement error and bias in assessments. Person-fit indices can detect bias in the form of misfitted response vectors. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of 14 person-fit indices to identify SDB in simulated responses. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was computed to evaluate the predictive power of these statistics. The findings showed that the agreement statistic [Formula: see text] outperformed all other person-fit indices, while the disagreement statistic [Formula: see text], dependability statistic [Formula: see text], and the number of Guttman errors [Formula: see text] also demonstrated high AUCs to detect SDB. Recommendations for practitioners to use these fit indices are provided.
Religious Syncretism in India’s Northeast: A Case of the Heraka
Authors: Atungbou N
Published: October 2022

This paper examines religious syncretism in India’s Northeast with reference to reformed Heraka. It is perceived, contact of different cultural practices enforces natives to reinterpret and redefined beliefs and practices in conformation to appropriated culture. Historically, birth of Heraka was rooted in resistance against the British occupation, Christian proselytisation and intrusion of other neighbouring communities. To retain indigenous religious practices, reformation took its turn with introduction of new set of rules. In the flow, Heraka appropriated temple, idol and pilgrimage culture into its fold, and scrutinised Christian proselytisation under its radar. In its essence, Heraka is the by-product of Paupai-tenase, Christianity and Hinduism. This paper assesses through constructivist paradigm on how Heraka is perceived to be or not to be of indigenous religion. It is argued that there is a dilution in claim reformed religion, though, has reformed old practices, but with amalgamation in the construction of syncretic religious identity.
The prehistory of violence and war: Moving beyond the Hobbes–Rousseau quagmire
Authors: Rutar Tibor
Published: October 2022

This article presents and critically assesses the latest anthropological and archaeological research on the chronology, lethality, and frequency of violence and war in human history. Stepping back from the rhetorically polarized dispute between ‘Hobbesians’ and ‘Rousseauans’, the article examines the methods and findings of the latest research in a conceptually novel way, i.e. by dropping the existing and widely used polarized terms that have inevitably framed the literature so far. The article demonstrates that multiple sources of evidence point more in the direction of the modal human prehistoric social organization, i.e. nomadic hunter-gatherers, likely having warfare only in a minority of cases, or war even being virtually non-existent (with interpersonal violence being more common). The dispute over this claim so far is found to stem, at least in part, from the varying definitions of war and the grouping together of nomadic with complex foragers. More significantly, the disagreement is due to different sampling and sourcing techniques of different researchers, the biggest divide being between self-selection/systematic sampling and first-best/second-best sources. Important potential warlike exceptions are also noted and discussed in the article from multiple angles (Jebel Sahaba, Nataruk, Aboriginal Australia, etc.), as are the discovered precursors and enabling conditions of war, such as the complexification of (nomadic) hunter-gatherer societies with the transition to settled life.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Attitudes of Iranian Nurses and Related Factors Towards End-Of-Life Care
Authors: Ghazanfari Mohammad Javad , Karkhah Samad , Shahroudi Parinaz , Mollaei Aghil , Niksolat Maryam , Foolady Azarnaminy Afsaneh , Emami Zeydi Amir
Published: October 2022

This meta-analysis aimed to summarize the evidence regarding attitudes of Iranian nurses and related factors towards end-of-life (EOL) care. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Magiran, Iranmedex, Scientific Information Database, and Google Scholar search engine were searched using Persian and English appropriate keywords from the earliest records up to September 11, 2020. A total of 849 nurses were included in six studies. After a meta-analysis of the mean score of nurses' attitudes, the pooled mean was 80.07 out of 120 (Q(5)=4.32, I-squared=0.00%; 95%CI: 73.53–86.60; p < 0.001). Marital status, ward type, education level, a history of participating in EOL care workshops, personal study of EOL care, experience of caring for a dying family member or close people, natural and approach acceptance, fear of death, and professional autonomy had a significant positive relationship with nurses' attitudes towards EOL care. Therefore, further large-scale studies considering potential confounding variables are needed to confirm our findings.
Just noticeable differences in sound intensity of piano tones in non-musicians and experienced pianists
Authors: Slade Teri , Gascon Alex , Comeau Gilles , Russell Donald
Published: October 2022

Changes in sound intensity are important components of piano performance. Previous research in this area has largely focused on perception of changes in pitch and timing, with little investigation of sound intensity. The present study used Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) technology to algorithmically control the key velocity, and thereby sound intensity, of consecutive piano tones. Non-musicians ( n = 20) and experienced pianists ( n = 30) played pairs of consecutive piano tones with 0–15 arbitrary units (a.u.) of change in key velocity, indicating whether they perceived the first, second, or neither tone as louder. All participants completed the test with C4, and a subset ( n = 24) with pitches C2 and C6 also. The mean just noticeable difference (JND) ranged from 2.71 to 4.48 a.u., corresponding to 0.68–1.22 dBC on the Yamaha Disklavier used to produce the stimuli. Experienced pianists demonstrated lower JND, which the authors theorize may be linked to listener motivation. When two tones were played with the same key velocity, participants tended to perceive the first tone as louder. The authors discuss a number of factors that may be relevant considerations for application of the findings in music and psychoacoustics research. These findings hold insight for music performance researchers, psychoacoustics researchers, and pedagogues.
Clinical Outcomes After Combined ACL and Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction Versus Isolated ACL Reconstruction With Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone Grafts: A Matched-Pair Analysis of 2018 Patients From the SANTI Study Group
Authors: Pioger Charles , Gousopoulos Lampros , Hopper Graeme P. , Vieira Thais Dutra , Campos Joao Pedro , El Helou Abdo , Philippe Corentin , Saithna Adnan , Sonnery-Cottet Bertrand
Published: October 2022

Background:

Bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) autografts are widely considered the standard for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The aims of this study were to compare the clinical outcomes after ACLR with gold standard BPTB autografts versus combined ACLR + anterolateral ligament reconstruction (ALLR) with hamstring tendon (HT) autografts at medium-term follow-up in a large series of propensity-matched patients. The hypothesis was that combined ACLR + ALLR with HT autografts would result in lower graft rupture rates and non–graft rupture-related reoperation rates.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Patients undergoing combined ACLR + ALLR using HT autografts between January 2003 and December 2019 were propensity matched in a 1:1 ratio to patients undergoing isolated ACLR using BPTB autografts. At the end of the study period, graft ruptures, contralateral knee injuries, and any other reoperations or complications after the index procedure were identified by a search of a prospective database and a review of medical records.

Results:

A total of 1009 matched pairs were included. The mean duration of follow-up was 101.3 ± 59.9 months. Patients in the isolated group were >3-fold more likely to have graft failure than those in the combined group (hazard ratio, 3.554 [95% CI, 1.744-7.243]; P = .0005). Patients aged <20 years were at a particularly high risk of graft ruptures compared with patients aged >30 years (hazard ratio, 5.650 [95% CI, 1.834-17.241]; P = .0002). Additionally, there was a significantly higher reoperation rate after isolated ACLR than after combined ACLR + ALLR (20.5% vs 8.9%, respectively; P < .0001). The overall rate of subsequent contralateral ruptures was 9.1% after index surgery (isolated: 10.2%; combined: 8.0%; P = .0934), indicating that the risk profiles for both groups were similar.

Conclusion:

Patients who underwent isolated ACLR with BPTB autografts experienced significantly worse graft survivorship and overall reoperation-free survivorship compared with those who underwent combined ACLR + ALLR with HT autografts. The risk of graft ruptures was >3-fold higher in patients who underwent isolated ACLR using BPTB autografts.
Validating the Structure of Proximal and Distal Factors within the Sexual Minority Adolescent Stress Inventory
Authors: Weeks Sean N. , Renshaw Tyler L. , Serang Sarfaraz
Published: October 2022

Minority stress theory is a model for understanding health disparities among sexual minorities, defined as those who experience a level of same-sex attraction, identity, or behavior. Methods for assessing minority stress among youth included only adult measures until the development of the Sexual Minority Adolescent Stress Inventory (SMASI). The SMASI appears to be a robust scale in its ability to measure specific stressors and global minority stress among adolescents; however, it does not measure the domain-level constructs of proximal and distal stress, which are integral features of the underlying theory. This study tests the psychometric defensibility of including these domain-level factors within an updated SMASI measurement model. Results provide evidence for the structural validity of the proximal and distal domains within the SMASI measurement model and suggest this updated model has more informational value than the original model for capturing minority stress.
The effect of periodate oxidation, tert-butanol treatment, and starch addition in improving melt dispersion of cellulosic fillers in PBAT
Authors: Keskes Mariam , Desse Melinda , Jaziri Mohamed , Carrot Christian
Published: October 2022

Dispersion in the melt is a very serious issue that affects properties of composites based on cellulosic fillers as these materials tend to form agglomerates. The aim of this study is to test the efficiency of various methods to improve the dispersion of cellulosic fillers in PBAT polymer. First, periodate oxidation treatment was carried out on the fillers in an attempt to reduce the amount of hydroxyl groups responsible of the agglomeration of cellulosic fillers in composite materials. Secondly, as several studies have demonstrated the positive effect of using tert-butanol (TB) as a freeze-drying medium for preventing the aggregation of cellulosic particles, this method was tested to produce composites with reduced amount of agglomerates. Finally, the addition of a third component as a compatibilizer which has a similar chemical structure to cellulose such as starch was also tested. No significant improvement of mechanical properties was noticed in using TB as a freeze-drying medium or with periodate oxidation treatment on the cellulosic fillers at least in improving dispersion in PBAT composites. However, the addition of starch as a compatibilizer has proved its effectiveness through the creation of a percolating network and a better dispersion of the fillers in the polymer matrix.
Heuristic algorithms for carton production scheduling problems with technicians and different machines
Authors: You Peng-Sheng , Hsieh Yi-Chih
Published: October 2022

The carton manufacturing process has several characteristics, including processing procedures, variation in type and processing procedure for each carton, specific operating machines set up by a technician, and multiple machines with different efficiencies in each workstation. Thus, decisions on pairing technicians, machines, and products and the job processing sequence production schedule arrangement have considerable influence on the efficiency of the machines and the completion time of jobs. This study establishes a mathematical model and presents an immune-based algorithm (IBA) and genetic-based algorithm (GBA) to develop a comprised assignment decision and production schedule and determine the best decisions to efficiently minimize the total tardiness cost. The proposed conversion scheme is guaranteed to produce feasible decisions considering the relationship between the encoded value of the adapted evolutionary algorithms and decisions associated with assignments and the production schedule. Numerical examples of a real case in Taiwan are solved using the proposed IBA, GBA, and CPLEX optimization solver. Computational results show that, except for cases with a few orders, the IBA method performed best, followed by the GBA method and then the CPLEX solver.