bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of N–H···O hydrogen bond interactions in two new phosphoric triamides with a P(O)[NHCH(CH3)2]2segment by means of topological (AIM) calculations, Hirshfeld surface analysis and 3D energy framework approach
Authors: Tarahhomi Atekeh , Lee Arie van der , Dumitrescu Dan G.
Published: May 2019

Two new phosphoric triamides having a common partXP(O)[NHCH(CH3)2]2, withX =[2,3,6-F3–C6H2C(O)NH] (1)and [C6H11(CH3)N] (2), were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR and1H-,13C-,31P-NMR) and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The asymmetric unit of1is composed of one molecule, whereas for2it consists of six symmetry independent molecules. In all molecules, the P atoms are in a distorted tetrahedral environment of one oxygen and three nitrogen atoms. The latter have mainlysp2character and a nearly planar environment. The crystal structures are stabilizedviaN–H · · · O hydrogen bond interactions, forming a linear arrangement for1and three independent parallel linear chains for2, along thebandaaxis, respectively. The intermolecular interactions in the molecular packing were analyzed using the Hirshfeld surface methodology, two-dimensional (2D) fingerprint plots and enrichment ratios (E). The prevalent interactions revealed by Hirshfeld surfaces are O · · · H type interactions for both structures1and2, additionally C · · · O for1and H · · · H interactions for2. The most favored contacts responsible for the molecular packing are C · · · F, N · · · H and O · · · H for1confirmed byEvalues greater than 1.30, whereas for2, O · · · H and N · · · H intermolecular interactions withEvalues about 1.04 representing the favored contacts. Thus, the N–H · · · O hydrogen bond interactions are the dominant interactions in both compounds. For more details, a topological AIM analysis of N–H · · · O hydrogen bond interactions was performed: NCP–H · · · O=C hydrogen bond (the NCPis referred to the nitrogen atom within the C(O)NHP(O) segment) interactions in1are stronger than N–H · · · O=P interactions in both1and2. Furthermore, a 3D topology of the molecular packingviathe energy framework approach showed that the N–H · · · O hydrogen bond interactions in C(O)NHP(O)-based phosphoric triamide are predominantly electrostatic based, while they are electrostatic-dispersion based for other phosphoric triamides with a [N]P(O)[NH]2skeleton.
Performance Evaluation of 5TM Sensor for Real-Time Monitoring of Volumetric Water Content in Landfill Cover System
Authors: Shaikh Janarul , Yamsani Sudheer Kumar , Sekharan Sreedeep , Rakesh Ravi R.
Published: May 2019

Accurate measurement of volumetric water content (θ) is essential for studying soil-water interaction efficiently. The accuracy of various types of θ measuring sensors needs to be ascertained before deploying in specific projects. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of electromagnetic 5TM sensor for real-time monitoring of θ in a cover system (CS). This CS is provided on top of the hazardous waste containment to isolate it from the surrounding environment and minimize interaction with rain water. The CS consists of different layers of soil and geosynthetics that interact with the atmosphere and undergo changes in θ with changing local weather conditions. Because θ governs the hydraulic and mechanical characteristics of geomaterials, its variation is monitored as a function of space and time for evaluating the performance of CS. Performance assessment of 5TM sensor was carried out under controlled conditions for ten different soil materials that may find application in CS. This study indicates the importance of material specific calibration of a 5TM sensor for improving its measurement accuracy before deploying it for field monitoring. The accuracy of 5TM measurement was marginally better when the polynomial calibration equation was adopted as compared to linear calibration. In the absence of soil-specific calibration, the new set of calibration parameters proposed in this study can be used for the generic soils used in CS. With improved accuracy of 5TM, it was shown that the error in the determination of soil water storage for different layers of a trial CS reduced from 15 to 0.4 %.
DO PUCHIRÃO DO GÉ PICAÇO A TERRA DOS PINHEIRAES: OPERAÇÕES DE SELEÇÃO DA HISTÓRIA, DA MEMÓRIA E DO IMAGINÁRIO DE PASSO FUNDO NA DÉCADA DE 1920
Authors: Knack Eduardo Roberto Jordão
Published: May 2019

O presente trabalho objetiva esclarecer as operações de seleção da história, da memória e do imaginário de Passo Fundo a partir de duas obras produzidas na década de 1920: O Puchirão do Gé Picaço, livro de poemas escrito pelo advogado e jornalista Francisco de Paula Lacerda de Almeida Júnior, e Terra dos Pinheiraes, escrito pelo historiador Francisco Antonio Xavier e Oliveira. A partir de uma análise detalhada dessas duas obras, é possível perceber diferentes narrativas que estabelecem diferentes formas de filiação com o passado, bem como os sujeitos, lugares e acontecimentos importantes para essas distintas formas de relação com a história e a memória da cidade. Essas escolhas foram operadas a partir de um regime de historicidade característico daquele contexto, marcado pelo progresso e pela modernização urbana, o que influenciou na afirmação e no sucesso de uma forma de escrita da história municipal.
“IMPRESSIONA-ME AQUELE SÚBITO AVANÇO”: A URBANIZAÇÃO DE PELOTAS A PARTIR DE CRÔNICAS LITERÁRIAS (1910-1930)
Authors: Gonçalves Mariana Couto
Published: May 2019

Ao longo da história, músicos, pintores, fotógrafos, literatos, cineastas, teatrólogos, cronistas, poetas, desenhistas, buscaram captar um pouco a essência das cidades e, a partir de suas obras, criaram representações e discursos para explicá-la ou evidenciá-la. Assim sendo, torna-se viável investigar uma urbe a partir de diversos pormenores e formas de representação. A cidade de Pelotas foi palco de uma série de transformações urbanas na virada do século XIX para o XX a partir do desenvolvimento e ampliação de diversas melhorias para a população, tais como: iluminação, pavimentação, transporte, obras de lazer e saneamento, entre outras. Dessa forma, o objetivo da presente comunicação é analisar as crônicas literárias sobre o mundo urbano pelotense nos primeiros decênios do século XX a fim de compreender de que forma a urbe e o seu cotidiano foi retratado pelos autores que escreviam ao “rés-do-chão”.
LITERATURA, HISTÓRIA E REPRESENTAÇÃO DO PASSADO EM ANATOLE FRANCE
Authors: Teixeira Alanna De Jesus
Published: May 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é problematizar a representação do passado na obra Les dieux ont soif (Os deuses têm sede, 1912) do escritor francês Anatole France (1844-1924). O passado que não é apenas o da história da Revolução Francesa e do período do “Terror” que o romance aborda, mas que combina o presente do autor, sua trajetória e o contexto sociocultural e político do início do século XX. O romance demonstra notável capacidade de representação histórica sobre o período que procura retratar, além de suscitar uma discussão a respeito do tempo, elemento chave de sua construção.
CORPO E GÊNERO NO “ROMAN DE SILENCE”, DE HELDRIS DE CORNOUAILLES (SÉC. XIII)
Authors: Mattos Carlinda Maria Fischer
Published: May 2019

O Roman de Silence é uma obra escrita em francês antigo, da primeira metade do século XIII, por Heldris de Cornouailles. Ele conta a história das aventuras de Silêncio, filha de Cador, conde da Cornualha, que é levada a adotar uma identidade masculina a fim de garantir a herança de sua família, uma vez que, nesse reino, mulheres não podiam herdar. Somente editada em 1972, a obra deu origem a vários artigos que, em sua maioria, tratam da questão de gênero. Nosso objetivo é contribuir com essa reflexão, propondo um deslocamento do ponto de vista do qual se tem partido para elaborar tais análises. Se, por um lado, os atributos físicos de Silêncio são disfarçados, se uma identidade masculina é culturalmente forjada, há uma percepção do corpo, própria à época, onde dispositivos sexuais e identidade se entrelaçam, mas criam perspectivas de leitura que ultrapassam a fórmula corpo = gênero.
Identifying a disease-specific renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system fingerprint in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency
Authors: Wolf Peter , Mayr Johanna , Beiglböck Hannes , Fellinger Paul , Winhofer Yvonne , Poglitsch Marko , Gessl Alois , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Luger Anton , Krebs Michael
Published: May 2019

Background

In patients suffering from primary adrenal insufficiency (AI) mortality is increased despite adequate glucocorticoid (GC) and mineralocorticoid (MC) replacement therapy, mainly due to an increased cardiovascular risk. Since activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role in the modulation of cardiovascular risk factors, we performed in-depth characterization of the RAAS activity.

Methods

Eight patients with primary AI (female = 5; age: 56 ± 21 years; BMI: 22.8 ± 2 kg/m2; mean blood pressure: 140/83 mmHg; hydrocortisone dose: 21.9 ± 5 mg/day; fludrocortisone dose: 0.061 ± 0.03 mg/day) and eight matched healthy volunteers (female = 5; age: 52 ± 21 years; BMI: 25.2 ± 4 kg/m2; mean blood pressure:135/84 mmHg) were included in a cross-sectional case–control study. Angiotensin metabolite profiles (RAS-fingerprints) were performed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.

Results

In patients suffering from primary AI, RAAS activity was highly increased with elevated concentrations of renin concentration (P = 0.027), angiotensin (Ang) I (P = 0.022), Ang II (P = 0.032), Ang 1-7 and Ang 1-5. As expected, aldosterone was not detectable in the majority of AI patients, resulting in a profoundly suppressed aldosterone-to-AngII ratio (AA2 ratio, P = 0.003) compared to controls. PRA-S, the angiotensin-based marker for plasma renin activity, correlated with plasma renin activity (r = 0.983; P < 0.01) and plasma renin concentration (r = 0.985; P < 0.001) and was significantly increased in AI patients.

Conclusions

AI is associated with a unique RAAS profile characterized by the absence of aldosterone despite strongly elevated levels of angiotensin metabolites, including the potent vasoconstrictor AngII. Despite state-of-the-art hormone replacement therapy, the RAAS remains hyperactivated. The contribution of Ang II in cardiovascular diseases in AI patients as well as a potential role for providing useful complementary information at diagnosis and follow up of AI should be investigated in future trials.
Shaping of Drosophila Neural Cell Lineages Through Coordination of Cell Proliferation and Cell Fate by the BTB-ZF Transcription Factor Tramtrack-69
Authors: Simon Françoise , Ramat Anne , Louvet-Vallée Sophie , Lacoste Jérôme , Burg Angélique , Audibert Agnès , Gho Michel
Published: May 2019

Cell diversity in multicellular organisms relies on coordination between cell proliferation and the acquisition of cell identity. The equilibrium between these two processes is essential to assure the correct number of determined cells at a given time at a given place. Using genetic approaches and correlative microscopy, we show that Tramtrack-69 (Ttk69, a Broad-complex, Tramtrack and Bric-à-brac - Zinc Finger (BTB-ZF) transcription factor ortholog of the human promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger factor) plays an essential role in controlling this balance. In the Drosophila bristle cell lineage, which produces the external sensory organs composed by a neuron and accessory cells, we show that ttk69 loss-of-function leads to supplementary neural-type cells at the expense of accessory cells. Our data indicate that Ttk69 (1) promotes cell cycle exit of newborn terminal cells by downregulating CycE, the principal cyclin involved in S-phase entry, and (2) regulates cell-fate acquisition and terminal differentiation, by downregulating the expression of hamlet and upregulating that of Suppressor of Hairless, two transcription factors involved in neural-fate acquisition and accessory cell differentiation, respectively. Thus, Ttk69 plays a central role in shaping neural cell lineages by integrating molecular mechanisms that regulate progenitor cell cycle exit and cell-fate commitment.
Vapor Deposition of Low-Dielectric-Constant Polymeric Thin Films
Authors: Lu T-M. , Moore J.A.
Published: May 2019

For devices with feature sizes below 0.18 μm, it is desirable to have materials with a dielectric constant below 2.5 as interlayer dielectrics. Polymeric materials are possible candidates. There are two main strategies to grow polymeric films. The most widely used method is the spin-on technique. The other method is by vapor deposition. Although vapor deposition is less common, it has several attractive features that look quite promising, especially when the wafer size becomes very large.

There are several advantages to vapor-deposited polymers:

(1) The deposition of the polymers is a dry process. It is solvent-free and does not produce waste. No remedial measures are necessary to take care of the waste. The process is attractive from both energy-conservation and environmental considerations.

(2) They can provide an extremely uniform coating over a very large area. For 200-mm wafers, for example, one can achieve better than 2% uniformity for vapor-deposited parylene (a type of polymer to be described later) films. Similar uniformity can be expected for future 300-mm wafers.

(3) Many vapor-deposited polymers possess superior gap-filling capability. Small vias and trenches of very high aspect ratios can be filled without voids.

There are some shortcomings in vapor deposition of polymeric thin films. First of all, except for some special cases, processing issues for these materials are not well-studied. Manufacturing equipment is not well-developed.
SYNBIOTIC ADDITIVES IN THE WAFFLES TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Orgachev E. I , Korkach H. , Lebedenko T. , Kotuzaki O.
Published: May 2019

The problems considered in the paper are the incidence of dysbiosis in the Ukrainian people, the reasons for it, and the methods of improving the diet of those suffering from microfloral disorders. Useful properties and effects of the microorganisms Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, and of inulin and lactulose have been studied as well as the ways in which they help to restore a person’s normobiocoenosis. After a research in vitro, with the conditions imitating the human gastrointestinal tract, the survival rate of encapsulated cells of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in an unfavourable environment has been determined. It has been grounded how necessary microencapsulated forms of microorganisms are in the production of confectionery – firstly, to ‘protect’ them against physiological and technological factors, and secondly, to help them reach the lower regions of the small intestine where their capsules are destroyed and the bacteria are released. The reasons have been given why fatty filling for waffles, as an object to be enriched with useful ingredients, should be preferred when developing healthy and wholesome confectionery. It has been shown how promising probiotics and prebiotics are if used in confectionery technology. The two synbiotic complexes SC 1 and SC 2 have been developed, and such parameters have been determined as the optimum weight fractions of inulin and lactulose in the formulation of the filling, and the number of probiotic microorganisms. It has been established that lactulose can reduce sugar in the formulation of the filling, and using inulin results in replacement of an equivalent amount of fat. To prove how practical it is to add synbiotics to waffles, and to determine the product’s consumer appeal, a tasting assessment of the new types of waffle products has been made. It has been proved that adding synbiotic complexes to the formulations of waffles will result in the consistent high quality of the products, and in their better sensory characteristics. Besides, it can contribute to making the people of Ukraine healthier and fitter for work.
NEW ASPECTS OF USING MILLET GRAIN IN BREAD MANUFACTURING
Authors: Ovsiannykova L. , Valevskaya L. , Yurkovska V. , Orlova S. , Sokolovskaya O.
Published: May 2019

The article proves how practical it is to use whole-milled millet grain to improve the quality of bakery products. Samples of bread with the addition of different amounts of milled millet grain before and after microwave treatment have been evaluated by sensory (surface, shape, and colour of bread, porosity, structure and colour of the crumb) and physico-chemical parameters. To determine the organoleptic evaluation of bread samples with the addition of 5%, 10%, and 15% whole-milled millet grain before and after microwave treatment, a scoring scale and the profiling method were used. According to the results of the research, the advantages of introducing milled millet grain into wheat flour has been substantiated, and it has been shown that adding it to the formulation of 5–15% improves the organoleptic characteristics of the bread, namely, giving it a harmonious taste and aroma, an attractive colour, a pronounced smell, and a porous structure, comparatively with standard bread made from wheat flour. The best characteristics were observed after whole-milled millet grain that had undergone microwave treatment was added to the flour. When 15% of whole-milled millet grain is added to wheat flour after microwave treatment, there is a slight decrease in the porosity of the bread. So, the introduction of more than 15% of whole-milled millet into the formulation is considered inappropriate. It has been found that the physical-chemical parameters of bread (humidity, acidity, porosity, mass fraction of sugar and fat), when adding whole-milled millet in the amount of 5–15% before and after microwave treatment, practically do not change. The introduction of 5–15% of whole-milled millet grain into the composition of bread recipes allows you to obtain high quality bread, of high nutritional and biological value, which can be recommended for consumption by all social groups, including children, adolescents, and elderly people. These studies can be used in the future in developing a technology of obtaining bakery products of functional purpose with high consumer properties.
INVESTIGATION OF THE FAT FRACTION ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF THE WASTE FROM PRODUCTION OF HYDROGENATED FAT BY THE LIPASE RHIZOPUS JAPONICUS
Authors: Skliar V. , Krusir G. , Zakharchuk V. , Kovalenko I. , Shpyrko T.
Published: May 2019

. In the article the conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis of fat fraction of waste from production of hydrogenated fat by the lipase Rhizopus japonicus are considered, namely, the influence of pH of the medium (pH-optimum, pH-stability) and temperature (thermal optimum, thermal stability). The scope of applications of lipases in various branches of the national economy, including for utilization of numerous fatty waste and by-products of oil and fat industry, is disclosed. The main reasons of biotechnological potential of microbial lipases are considered. Objects of research were the lipase Rhizopus japonicus and waste from the demetallization stage of the hydrogenated fat production. Detected, that the optimum pH value for Rhizopus japonicus lipase is 7.0, reducing the pH of the medium from the optimum to pH 6.0 is accompanied by a decrease in activity by 30%, and an increase from 7.0 to 9.0 – decrease by 20%. The maximum activity of the enzyme is observed in the region of physiological values of the temperature. It has been established that the lipase optimal temperature is 40°C. The results of the Rhizopus japonicus lipase stability study showed that incubation of the enzyme at pH 2.5 resulted in a complete loss of lipolytic activity after 30 minutes, and at alkaline pH, the enzyme was more stable. Incubation of lipase Rhizopus japonicus for 30 min at pH 9.0 leads to loss of lipolytic activity by 25% of the maximum, and total loss of activity occurs after 2.5 h. The study of pH-stability of Rhizopus japonicus lipase at an optimal pH of 7 showed that after 60 min of incubation, the enzyme lost 15% of the lipolitical activity, and after 60 min – 50%. Complete loss of Rhizopus japonicus lipase activity at pH 7.0 takes place after 150 minutes of incubation. The results of the study of thermal stability of lipase showed that at a temperature of 40°C and 60°C, the lipase activity remained rather stable for 50 minutes and completely lost after 150 minutes of incubation. At 80°C and 100°C, lipase activity was lost after 40 minutes and 50 minutes of incubation, respectively. The results of the study indicate the prospect of enzymatic hydrolysis of fat fraction of waste by Rhizopus japonicus lipase. The results obtained should be used to improve the processing technology of waste oil and fat industry food and processing industries.
STUDY OF THE FOAMING PROPERTIES OF GELATIN WITH SOLUBILIZED SUBSTANCES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MARSHMALLOWS
Authors: Piliugina І. , Artamonova M. , Murlykina N. , Shidakova-Kamenyuka О.
Published: May 2019

The article presents the results of studying the foaming properties of gelatin with solubilized substances by Rauch’s method. To improve the nutritional value of gelatin, deodorized refined sunflower oil with β-carotene was used. It has been proved that gelatin with solubilized substances can be used in the marshmallow technology with natural colourants obtained from the roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and the black chokeberry. It has been established that a gelatin solution with solubilized substances has the greatest foaming ability and maximum foam stability at the rotation frequency 30–80 s-1 and a temperature below 45°C, with pH=3–7 within (6–8)×60 s. It has been found that aqueous extracts of natural colourants of anthocyanin origin - cryopowders obtained from the roselle and the black chokeberry - reduce the maximum foaming time to 3×60 s, as compared to water. The maximum foam stability was observed after (3–4)×60 s and was 70 and 60%, respectively, which exceeded this value of the control sample by 20–30%. The foam stability remained unchanged for (2-5)×60 s due to the presence of phenolic compounds in the extracts. 40% aqueous-alcoholic extracts of cryopowders of the roselle and the black chokeberry should be introduced after whipping the gelatin solution, since in this case, foam breaking is minimum. The foam stability increases from 60–75 to 94–99% after the introduction of 20–60% of sugar. It has been established that the use of gelatin with solubilized substances in the marshmallow technology with natural colourants from the roselle and black chokeberry makes it possible to obtain products with a density of 510–670 kg/m3 and ensure the compliance of this quality parameter with the requirements of the current regulatory documentation.
A SYSTEMIC APPROACH TO SUSTAINABILITY - THE INTERCONNECTION OF ITS DIMENSIONS IN ECOVILLAGE PRACTICES
Authors: DIAS MARIA ACCIOLY , LOUREIRO CARLOS FREDERICO B.
Published: May 2019

Abstract It is often very difficult to align sustainability-related discourse with practices, partly due to the compartmentalized treatment of sustainability’s dimensions. Building on existing literature, this paper seeks to analyze the way those dimensions are worked out in the practices of ecovillages, a kind of community explicitly oriented towards sustainability. We observe that ecovillages view sustainability in a systemic perspective, adopting a multidimensional and integrated approach. That is apparent in the fact that their practices simultaneously present functions in various dimensions revealing the latter’s interdependency. The so-called ‘social sustainability’ (including political, economic and cultural aspects) involves far more significant difficulties than ‘ecological sustainability’ and it may even render the continuity of such communities unfeasible. The experience of ecovillages suggests that social sustainability constitutes the very foundation of ecological sustainability, insofar as ecological practices are necessarily mediated by complex social relationships.
Joint calibration of a hydrological model and rating curve parameters for simulation of flash flood in urban areas
Authors: Lima Fernando Neves , Fernandes Wilson , Nascimento Nilo
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT Calibration process is usually time demanding and as much streamflow information as possible in rainfall-runoff models. Nevertheless, from a practical point of view, the available information is measurement of water level, which is essential to design rating curves. This manuscript proposes a set of joint calibration of hydrological model parameters with a range of rating curves, developed for the main channel of the catchment in a crowded urban area. As an alternative of free calibration, the simulations were carried out based on a list of proficient parameters. Four streamflow gauging stations were analysed and used to subdivide the basin. The hourly lumped rainfall-runoff model GR4H was applied to four critical flash flood events to create a rank of Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency criteria (NSE) applying the best set of parameters. The results indicated that the hydrological model errors were compensated by hydraulics errors and they presented an equifinality in the process.
An improved deep learning method for predicting DNA-binding proteins based on contextual features in amino acid sequences v1
Authors: Ma Ruixiong
Published: May 2019

With the explosively increased amount of newly discovered proteins, predicting the function of these proteins from amino acid sequencesis becoming one of the main challenges in functional annotation of genomes. Nowadays a number of computational approaches have been developed to predict DNA-binding proteins effectively and accurately from amino acid sequences, such as SVM, DNABP and CNN-RNN. However, these methods do not consider the context in amino acid sequences, which makes it difficult for them to capture sequence features adequately. In this paper, we propose CNN-BiLSTM, a new method for predicting DNA-binding proteins, elaborately reconciling convolution neural network and bi-directional long short-term memory recurrent neural network. CNN-BiLSTM can explore the potential contextual relationships of amino acid sequences to obtain more features than traditional models. The experimental results show that the predication accuracy of the proposed CNN-BiLSTM method on the test set is 96.5%, which is 7.8% higher than that of SVM, 9.6% higher than that of DNABP and 3.7% higher than that of CNN-RNN respectively. Being tested on 20, 000 independent samples provided by UniProt that weren't involved in model training, the accuracy of CNN-BiLSTM is 94.5%, which is 12% higher than that of SVM, 4.9% higher than that of DNABP and 4% higher than that of CNN-RNN respectively.The model training process is visualized and compared with that of CNN-RNN, and it is found that the training process of CNN-BiLSTMsupport better generalization from the training data set, which shows that CNN-BiLSTM has a wider range of adaptations to protein sequences. On the independent samples set, CNN-BiLSTM presents better credibility, for its predicted scores are closer to the labels of the samples than those of CNN-RNN. Therefore, the proposed CNN-BiLSTM is a more powerful method for identifying DNA-binding proteins.
U Mass - Body composition (organs) v1
Authors: Kim Jason
Published: May 2019

Summary: The EchoMRI 3-in-1 uses ¹H- magnetic resonance spectroscopy to noninvasively measure fat mass, lean mass, and water mass in individual organs. Fat, lean, and water mass composition in specific organs is altered in obesity.
U Mass - C-Peptide v1
Authors: Kim Jason
Published: May 2019

Summary: This experiment provides the quantification of multiple hormones using multiplexed-Luminex technology based on beads containing specific antibodies. Sample matrices include plasma, serum, tissue culture supernatants, and tissue or cell lysates. Serum C-peptide levels reflect insulin secretion and pancreatic -cell function. Serum C-peptide levels are altered in obesity, insulin resistance, and type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
U Mass - Chronic high-fat feeding v1
Authors: Kim Jason
Published: May 2019

Summary: A high-fat diet of varying composition and percent fat is administered to induce obesity in mice. High-fat diet induced obesity is causally associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
U Mass - Glucagon v1
Authors: Kim Jason
Published: May 2019

Summary: This experiment provides the quantification of multiple hormones using multiplexed-Luminex technology based on beads containing specific antibodies. Sample matrices include plasma, serum, tissue culture supernatants, and tissue or cell lysates. Serum glucagon levels reflect glucagon secretion and pancreatic α-cell function. Serum glucagon levels regulate hepatic glucose production and glucose homeostasis. Serum glucagon levels are altered in obesity, insulin resistance, and counterregulatory stress response.
U Mass - Electrolytes v1
Authors: Kim Jason
Published: May 2019

Summary: This experiment provides the quantification of multiple cytokines and chemokines using multiplexed-Luminex technology based on beads containing specific antibodies. Serum cytokine levels reflect chronic or acute inflammation, and circulating cytokines and chemokines are altered in obesity. Cytokines Panel I include IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, KC (IL-8 homologue), IL-9, IL-10 (interleukin-10), IL-12 (p40), IL-12 (p70), IL-13, IL-15, IL-17A, TNFα (tumor necrosis factor alpha), IFNγ (interferon gamma), IP-10 (interferon gamma-induced protein 10; CXCL-10), Eotaxin (CCL-11), G-CSF (granulocyte colony stimulating factor), GM-CSF (granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor), LIF (leukemia inhibitory factor), LIX (LPS- induced CXC chemokine), MCP-1 (monocyte chemotactic protein-1; CCL-2), M-CSF (macrophage colony stimulating factor), MIG (monokine induced by gamma interferon; CXCL- 9), MIP-1α (macrophage inflammatory protein alpha; CCL-3), MIP-1β (macrophage inflammatory protein beta; CCL-4), and MIP-2/RANTES (macrophage inflammatory protein 2- alpha; CXCL-2). A service can be requested for all or any combination of listed cytokines/chemokines for customized multiplexed Luminex assay.
Study regarding the possibilities of increasing the self-esteem in 15-year-old pupils
Authors: Ababei Catalina , Ababei Radu , Dobrescu Tatiana , Ababei Alina
Published: May 2019

Psychologists consider self-esteem as being a human value that can be higher or lower, depending on the life experiences. According to Nathaniel Branden, self-esteem is â€˜the ability to confront life's fundamental difficulties without losing hopeâ€™. Starting from this definition, it was thought that a study regarding the evaluation of self-esteem in 15-year-old pupils from various environments and social conditions could help spotting those activities based on which the youths can shape and consolidate their self-esteem. The hypothesis that started this study was the following: a hierarchy of the self-esteem components for 15-year-olds could help in increasing their feelings of trust in themselves, by organising and developing certain activities in accordance with their needs. The research was conducted in 2017â€“2018, on a group of 270 pupils. The study confirmed the hypothesis that the self-esteem level differs according to the pupilsâ€™ environment and social conditions as well as to their gender.

Keywords: Youths, belonging, competence.
Actions of social and labour inclusion with ICT: an assessment of the Velez-Malaga urban area
Authors: Aguilera Francisco Jose Garcia , Caballero Pablo Franco
Published: May 2019

In the framework of knowledge society, information and communication technologies, the digital divide is still a determining factor for social inclusion and access to employment processes. In the interest of an inclusive and equitable development of digital competencies, governments and public policies should propose and enhance development programmes and initiatives for different groups of disadvantaged people, as well as the possibility of adult professional reorientation for those who run the risk of not having appropriate qualifications for their jobs. Consequently, it is necessary to ascertain the real situation of different urban areas in order to diagnose existing deficits in digital matters and develop integrated strategies to facilitate the inclusion and improvement of access to employment. The present study describes this reality in the municipal context of Velez-Malaga (Spain) and analyses the effectiveness of the measures put in place to improve the social and labour inclusion of its citizens.

Keywords: Inclusion, ICT, employment, digital competency, citizens.
Promoting inclusive school culture through leadership - Case study in Romanian schools
Authors: Voinea Mihaela , Turculet Alina
Published: May 2019

One of the greatest challenges for 21st century school is to rethinking school culture for human diversity. Among the factors contributing to the ethos of the inclusive school, most specialists emphasise the importance of leadership, of the managerial team that both through conception and through its own behaviour promotes cooperation, human diversity, tolerance, open mind-set and help offering. The purpose of this research was to identify the factors of the leadership, which are involved in promoting a culture of inclusion. The research in question was embedded in a constructivist - interpretivist paradigm. The study included the analysis of school culture and interviews with school managers and teachers. The institutional analysis of schools addressed the physical/material aspects of the school and the social dimension (of human resources). One of the main conclusions of the research is that the leader and his team have a decisive role to play in promoting values of diversity.
Keywords: Inclusive school, leadership, school culture, inclusive education.
Coping with children's wit: Materials for a dialogical odyssey
Authors: Reis Carlos Sousa
Published: May 2019

In this paper we start by discussing how Philosophy for Children (P4C) was launched by Matthew Lipman (1922-2010) in the 1970s in order to establish philosophy as a fully-fledged school programme in the US, and has since become a movement which evolved through the last four decades, adopting different epistemological and pedagogical discourses (Vansieleghem & Kennedy, 2011). From philosophy for children we arrive at philosophy with children, swapping the fixed method for the modelling and coaching by communal reflection, contemplation and communication, thus giving a greater emphasis to dialogue, while opening up different approaches, methods, techniques and strategies. This is precisely the line of work we personally prefer, when it is articulated with Gareth Matthews' assumption that children can ask the same questions as philosophers do, and sometimes even better ones. Along the lines of Storme and Vlieghe (2001), we think that P4C can allow the child to be philosophical and philosophy childish, an understanding that perhaps can free us from the dominant one dimensional unproblematized realm of the ideology of productivity that envisages education as a process exclusively preparing persons for labour markets, understood as the set of positions gained in an operative and ruthlessly competitive battle. This offers a context where constructing existential meaning, by and for each individual, is excluded from education.
Keywords: Philosophy for children, song, tales, cinema.
School improvement plans, a tool to improve the quality of education
Authors: Escobar Ignacio Hernan Gonzalez
Published: May 2019

Much has been said about school improvement plans (SIPs), which have been implemented in many countries, with different characteristics and with different results in each of them. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate, through the research carried out, the impact of SIPs on studentsâ€™ learning and, from that perspective, to determine what characteristics the research should have in order to have a direct impact on studentsâ€™ learning. To this end, an exhaustive bibliographic review will be carried out to show the effects of the improvement plans in the communities, counties or countries that have implemented them. The result of the above will be to determine, according to the few existing investigations, the elements that SIPs must have in order to have an impact on studentâ€™s learning.

Keywords: School improvement plans, improving the quality of education, educational improvement, accountability.
Management of Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease in Fiji in 2018: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Patients
Authors: Zibran Mohammed Alvis , Mohammadnezhad Masoud
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to identify the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice ( KAP) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) at Sigatoka Subdivisional Hospital (SSH) in 2018 since no studies have been done on this issue so far in Fiji. METHODS:
A quantitative, cross-sectional study including 225 patients was carried out July 1, 2018, through August 31, 2018, using a validated self-structured questionnaire. Fijians, aged 30 years or above, with confirmed T2D and CKD who were attending the Special Outpatient Department (SOPD) at SSH,
were included in the study using a purposive sampling method to identify eligible participants. Data was gathered by a questionnaire that covered questions related to each aspect of KAP. RESULTS: The relation of native Fijians (iTaukei) to Fijians of Indian descent (FID) was approximately
1:1. The majority of participants had high levels of knowledge, attitude, and practice (61.8%, 63.6%, and 88.4%, respectively) . However, a few areas of low knowledge were evident, such as the relation between high blood pressure and renal status in people with diabetes and the need for renal
transplant in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) abroad. Low attitude was apparent for the impact and management of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Low practice was evident regarding clinic attendance, self-monitoring, and opting for non-medical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of T2D
patients with CKD had a high level of knowledge, but weaknesses were observed in the self-management of CKD and clinic attendance. This information should be considered by clinicians and policy-makers to improve management and treatment of CKD in T2D.
TO THE 100th ANNIVERSARY OF PROFESSOR O.K. KOZMINYKH
Authors: Kozminykh V. O. , Kozminykh E. N.
Published: May 2019

In connection with the 100th anniversary of Professor Oleg Kozmich Kozminykh, the brief biographical data are presented herein. O.K. Kozminykh made a great contribution to the development of pharmaceutical education and science in the Urals being the leader of Perm Pharmaceutical Institute for more than 20 years. Based on documents and personal memories, the biographical essay is provided and general data of life as well as scientific, pedagogical and public activities of O.K. Kozminykh are summarized here.
IDENTIFICATION OF CANNABIMIMETIC MDMB(N)-073F METABOLITES IN URINE BY METHOD OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH MASS SPECTROMETRIC DETECTION
Authors: Kataev S. S. , Dvorskaya O. N. , Gofenberg M. A.
Published: May 2019

Background. At the beginning of 2019, the use of a new representative of synthetic cannabimimetics of the methylbutanoate indazole carboxamides group, MDMB(N)-073F, was recorded in a number of regions in the Russian Federation. Characteristic features of the pharmacological effect, the clinical picture of MDMB(N)-073F poisoning have not been studied, the psychoactive effects produced by MDMB(N)-073F remain unexplored. In this regard, the study of the new cannabimimetic metabolism is an important aspect in establishing the fact of taking MDMB(N)-073F during expert studies of biological objects.

The aim of the research is identifying metabolites of synthetic MDMB(N)-73F cannabimimetics in real urine samples using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography (GC) with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS).

Materials and methods. 10 urine samples were collected from March 15 to March 29, 2019. 8 urine samples were taken from the medical examination offices of the city of Yekaterinburg and the Sverdlovsk region from the persons examined for intoxication; 2 urine samples were obtained from the patients of the Sverdlovsk regional center of acute poisoning upon enrolment to the toxic-intensive care unit with a preliminary diagnosis of “acute poisoning by synthetic cannabimimetics”. In the research, SampliQ EVIDEX-200 mg – 3 ml (Agilent, USA) cartridges were used for the sample preparation; β-glucuronidase Type HP-2, From Helix Pomatia, 100000 U/ml (Sigma-ALDRICH CHEMI, Germany) was used for enzymatic hydrolysis. Gas chromatography – mass spectrometry with the use of Agilent 7820 gas chromatograph with Agilent 5975 mass selective detector (Agilent, USA) was used as an instrumental method of the analysis.

Results. The metabolites that make it possible to establish the fact of taking MDMB(N)-073F cannabimimetics via urine screening procedure to detect the presence of narcotic and medicinal substances with the use of solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography methods with mass spectrometry, have been described. The major metabolites MDMB(N)-073F in the urine of smoking mixtures consumers have been identified. The metabolism of MDMB(N)-073F has been found to be mainly due to hydrolysis of the ester group, hydroxylation, oxidative defluorination and N-dealkylation. Most of the resulting metabolites are excreted in the urine in the conjugated form.

Conclusion. Gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric characteristics of some derivatives of the main metabolites of the new synthetic MDMB(N)-073F cannabimimetic have been obtained. This data can be used in the practice of forensic chemical and chemical toxicological analysis.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ANTI-THROMBOTIC ACTIVITY OF PENTOXYFILLIN MICROPARTICLES: BASED ON POLY-DL-LACTIDE-CO-GLYCOLIDE IN COMPARISON WITH PENTOXYFILLIN
Authors: Timchenko T. V. , Pogorelyi V. E. , Voronkov A. V. , Makarova L. M. , Scherbakova L. I. , Kompantsev V. A. , Medvetskyi A. I. , Platonova A. Y.
Published: May 2019

The aimof the work was a comparative experimental study of the effect of oral administration of Pentoxifylline microparticles based on PLGA, and “standard” Pentoxifylline, on the ADP-induced platelet aggregation process in rats.

Materials and methods.Pentoxifylline substance (100 mg/kg) was used as a reference drug, and PLGA-based Pentoxifylline microparticles with an average dynamic radius of 175.4 nт were used as the object in study. In the experiment, male Wistar rats (m = 300–330 g), the same age group (9 months) were used. They were divided into 3 groups, each of 6 animals. The antiplatelet activity was assessed by determining the degree and rate of platelet aggregation in 1, 3, 5, 8 and 24 hours after a single oral administration of the reference drug and the object under study. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) at the concentration of 5 μM was used as an aggregation inducer. The aggregation process was recorded using a two-channel laser platelet aggregation analyzer ALAT-2, wavelength of 0.785 μm. by determining the average conventional size of the aggregates.

Results.The experiment has proved the following: PLGA-based Pentoxifylline microparticles are more effective at reducing the possibility of platelets to aggregate within 24 hours of the investigation (more than 40%) conventional to the control group value. Besides, it should be noted that according to the effectiveness of the pharmacological action during AD-induced platelet aggregation, the microparticles are commensurate with the standard sample - Pentoxifylline. The action of the microparticle object under study lasts for 24 hours, while the effect of the reference drug is over after 3 hours and then the indicators of the reference group do not differ from those of the control onel.

Conclusion.When administered per os, PLGA-based Pentoxifylline microparticles prolong the pharmacological effect significantly – up to 24 hours.
Quantitative and qualitative impact of Tomato Black Ring Virus (TBRV) on Merlot and Cabernet franc
Authors: Dewasme Coralie
Published: May 2019

Aim: Fifteen nepoviruses are able to induce fanleaf degeneration in grapes, which is the viral disease with the highest economic impact. Grapevine FanLeaf Virus (GFLV) is the main causal agent of this disease worldwide and in Europe, followed by Arabis Mosaic Virus (ArMV). A third nepovirus has been described in France: Tomato Black Ring Virus (TBRV), detected in vines for the first time in France on a multi-varietal plot in 2009. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of TBRV on grape yield and berry quality potential in two grapevine varieties.Methods and results: Quantitative and qualitative impact of TBRV was investigated in 2010 and 2011 in the vine plot where the virus was first detected in France. Over 200 vines were analyzed by ELISA tests in order to determine their status regarding viral diseases. Vines were distributed in four groups: TBRV positive versus virus free for Merlot and Cabernet franc respectively. For each vine, the presence of eleven other viruses was investigated. In 2010 and 2011 shoot length was measured. Grape composition was also analyzed to determine technological maturity and phenol content in grapes of each vine in relation to its virus status. Total pruning weight was reduced in TBRV infected vines, while lateral shoot number and length were increased. All yield components were affected by the presence of the virus. Vines positive to TBRV produced less bunches and berries and smaller berries compared to healthy vines. Yield loss was greater on Merlot compared to Cabernet franc. Grape quality parameters seemed to be not negatively affected by the presence of TBRV.Conclusions: The major impact of TBRV was a significant yield decrease. The enhanced development of lateral shoots may be considered as a second negative impact that could increase production cost.Significance and impact of the study: These results provide essential information on the impact of TBRV in vineyards. Consequences for management of the viral disease in the vineyard are discussed.
Implementation of Discovery-Inquiry Methods with Work Sheet Illustrated Media to Improve Student’s Critical Thinking Skills of Science Lessons in Indonesia’s Border Elementary School
Authors: Novita Indriyati Tri
Published: May 2019

This study aims to improve students' critical thinking skills (CTS) in disadvantaged, outermost and foremost areas, namely in Indonesia's border elementary schools which are full of limited educational facilities. This research was conducted on science subjects in grade VI SDN 29 IDAI on the balance of ecosystems. The method used for the research is the experimental method, which is Quasi Experiment because conditions do not allow for the control class to be held. The research design is one group pretest posttest design, where before the treatment is given, the sample is first given a pretest (initial test) and at the end of the learning sample is given a posttest (final test). CTS aspects developed in this study include identifying criteria for possible answers, mentioning examples, giving reasons, and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of data analysis in the form of the results of the pre-test and post-test, there was an increase in students' average critical thinking skills, starting from 32% (less) in the pre-test to 75% (good) in the post-test. The application of discovery-inquiry method with work sheet illustrated media is also able to increase student learning outcomes to an average value of 72.38 with a graduation rate. The minimum criteria for completeness in classical is 84.62%.
Examining Some of The Students’ Challenges in Learning Organic Chemistry
Authors: Salame Issa I. , Patel Sagar , Suleman Shafic
Published: May 2019

Organic chemistry is often regarded as a difficult subject which deters learners and is associated with poor performance. Our research aims to examine some of the challenges that students face in learning organic chemistry topics related to acid/base and resonance structures theories. For this purpose, organic chemistry exams were analyzed in regards to these troublesome topics. A questionnaire was administered to further understand some of the challenges students face when enrolled in organic chemistry. Our data show that students face several challenges learning these topics and that there is a need to change the way these topics are addressed in instruction.