bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Sensitization of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma Cells by Suppression of Anti-Apoptotic Proteins
Authors: Mir Seyed Mostafa , Yousefi Bahman , Marjani Abdoljalal , Rahimi Mahdi , Qujeq Durdi
Published: July 2020

Background:Investigation of anti-cancer agents with desirable selective toxicity is critical for cancer therapy. The use of natural adjuvants can be a promising option in reducing the toxicity of the anti-cancer agent. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential application of melatonin (MLT) as a natural adjuvant molecule along with doxorubicin (DOX) to induce cytotoxicity in osteosarcoma (OS) cells.Methods:Human OS cell lines included Saos-2, MG-63, and Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hBM-MSCs) were treated with free DOX, free MLT, DOX-loaded NPs (DOX-NPs), MLT-loaded NPs (MLT-NPs), combination of DOX and MLT (DOX-MLT) and combination of DOX and MLT-loaded NPs (DOX-MLT-NPs) in separated cell culture. Cell proliferation of experiments were evaluated by MTT assay after 24 h. Total protein levels were determined by enzyme immunoassay ELISA.Results:Herein, we found the combination of MLT with DOX, especially formulated in nano-form, is resulted in a significant reduction in the protein levels of both X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis (XIAP) and Survivin (p<0.0001). Indeed, there was a significant decrease in the expression of XIAP and Survivin when MLT is combined with DOX compared to the individual treatments.Conclusion:Our findings indicated the synergism of the antitumor effect could be due to the down-regulation of XIAP and Survivin in the levels of protein.
Flavone Glycosides from the Aerial Parts of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl
Authors: Akbari-Ahangar Amin , Delnavazi Mohammad-Reza
Published: July 2020

Background:

Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl is an herbaceous perennial plant which its flowering aerial parts are used traditionally as gastrotonic, spasmolytic, sedative and for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. In the present study the aerial parts of this medicinal plant was investigated for its flavonoid glycosides content. Methods: n-butanol fraction derived from hydroalcoholic extract of S. lavandulifolia was subjected to phytochemical analysis using chromatography on Sephadex LH-20 and RP-18 silica gel columns. The structures of isolated compounds were identified using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and UV spectral analysis. Results: Four flavone glycosides, chrysoeriol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), apigenin-7-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), along with apigenin (5) and chlorogenic acid (6) were isolated from S. lavandulifolia aerial parts. Conclusion: Identification of these phenolic compounds with some known biological activities in S. lavandulifolia explains some medicinal properties reported for this species and make scientific rationale for its traditional uses.
Efficacy of Montelukast for Prevention of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Children: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Dorreh Fatemeh , Esmaili Mohammad Hasan , Yousefhajian Parsa , Naziri Mahdieh , Eghbali Aziz , Bagheri Bahador
Published: July 2020

Background:
Upper Respiratory tract infection (URTI) or common cold is very prevalent in children particularly in young children. Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) like montelukast are effective drugs in asthma and some other respiratory diseases. Our purpose was to study preventive effects of montelukast on pediatric URTI. Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled, and double blind trial was performed on 450 healthy children aged 1-5 year in Amir Kabir Hospital, Arak, Iran. Children were randomized 1:1 to placebo group or montelukast group for 12 weeks. Number of URTI episodes and duration were the primary end points and were compared at baseline and after termination of treatment. Results: Mean age was 28 ± 12.3 months. Mean of URTI episodes was 0.7 ± 0.57 in children treated with montelukast and 1.27 ± 0.72 in children treated with placebo, respectively. Differences were statistically significant (P =0.01). A significant difference was seen in URTI duration between two study groups (6.3 ± 6.1 vs 4.1 ± 3.9, P = 0.05). In addition, duration of fever was shorter in children receiving montelukast (P=0.001). Conclusion: Our study indicates that 3 month treatment with montelukast is effective for reducing the incidence of URTI in young children. This treatment has an acceptable safety without any serious concern.
Cover dan daftar isi jurnal Ed April 2020
Authors: Lestari Agrotek
Published: July 2020

Jurnal Agrotek Lestari adalah media publikasi ilmiah yang membahas isu aktualdibidang agroteknologi yang memuat mengenai permasalahan yang berkaitan denganpengembangan mutu tanaman dan peningkatan produksi. Naskah yang akan dimuatmerupakan naskah yang dianggap sesuai dengan misinya. Jurnal Agrotek Lestari terbit dua kali setahun, pada bulan April dan Oktober mulai tahun 2015.
EFIKASI EKSTRAK BIJI JARAK PAGAR MORTALITAS LARVA PENGGULUNG DAUN (Lamposema indicate) PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max)
Authors: Chairudin Chairudin , Lizmah Sumeinika Fitria , Mahdi Rol
Published: July 2020

Soybean leaf roller known as Lamposema indicata. These insects attack the leaves of soybean plants by rolling up soybean leaves, that are launched 3-4 weeks after planting. The research aims to find out application of Jathropha curcas extract againts the mortality of soybean leaf roller pest (Lamposema indicata) and reduce damage to soybean plants. This research was conducted in the experimental garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Teuku Umar University in October to November 2019. The research was arranged in a non factorial Completely Randomized Design consisting of 4 levels with 5 replications. The factors experience is Jathropha curcas seed extract concentrate are E1 (control), E1 (20%, E2 (13.3% and E3 (10%). The results shows Lamprosema mortality shows the highest found in the E3 regulation, this is because in the E3 setting it has a high concentration so that the composition of the poisons contained is also high. Castor seed extract (Jatropha curcas) contains the composition of phorbol ester and cursin. Based on the observations displayed during the observation, namely changes in behavior, slowing movement of larvae, discoloration from clear green to pale yellow and compacting of the larva's body cavity.Keywords: Effectiveness of concentration, mortality, leafworm caterpillars
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF RED GALANGAL (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum) ETHANOL EXTRACT AGAINST Malassezia furfur AND Microsporum canis
Authors: Lestari Rini
Published: July 2020

Red galangal (Alpinia purpurata) is a plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. Red galangal rhizome is traditionally used to treat phlegm and ringworm. Red galangal rhizome contains secondary metabolites of essential oils, eugnol, sesquiterpenes, pinen, kaemferida, galanagn and galangol which have anti-fungal properties. This study aims to determine the antifungal activity of red galangal rhizome ethanol extract against Malasezia furfur and Microsporum canis using agar diffusion method. Red galangal extract is made with a concentration variation of 2%, 5% and 10%. The results showed the antifungal activity of red galangal ethanol extract in the form of inhibiting diameters at an average concentration of 2%, 5% and 10% against Malasezia furfur was 16.77 mm, 17.91 mm and 19.72 mm. The average inhibitory diameter of Microsporum canis is 10.58 mm, 13.57 mm and 14.51 mm. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of red galangal has antifungal activity against Malasezia furfur and Microsporum canis.
EFFECTIVENESS OF COCONUT WATER AGAINST BLOOD PRESSURE REDUCTION FOR HYPERTENSION PATIENTS
Authors: Roza Andalia , Nalaratih Nalaratih , Febrianita Yulia
Published: July 2020

High blood pressure or hypertension is a state where a person experiences an increase in blood pressure above normal figures indicate the upper number (systolic) reached 140 mmHg, and the bottom number (diastolic) reaches above 90mmHg. Patients with hypertension in the world reached 1 billion, or 1 out of 4 adults. Hypertension caused 1 of 7 deaths or totaled 7 million annually that cause damage to heart, brain, eyes, and kidneys. The objective of study was to find out the effectiveness of coconut water on the reduction of blood pressure in patients with hypertension. This type of research was quasy experiment with non-equivalet research design. The population of study were all the people in Beringin Makmur Village RT 01 RW 01 Pelalawan District Riau Province aged 30-50 years with hypertension who meet the criteria. The sample of study amounted to 30 people. The sampling technique was taken using total sampling method. The sample of study consisted of two groups as the experimental group and the control group, then followed by pretest in both groups and the intervention in the experimental group. There were significant differences in blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic) final adult patients with hypertension before and after the control group in Beringin Makmur Village Pelalawan District Riau Province p-value for sistole 0.334 and p-value 0.253 for diastolic p-value > 0.05. The result of study indicates means that the coconut water therapy effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension. More people were expected to know that coconut water could lowering blood pressure and prevent hypertension.
SEKOLAH ISLAM TERPADU DALAM SEJARAH PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Lubis Ahmadi
Published: July 2020

Kehadiran Sekolah Islam Terpadu dengan kurikulum integrasinya merupakan fenomena baru bentuk sistem pendidikan islam di Indonesia. Sampai akhir tahun 70-an sistem pendidikan Indonesia masihmemiliki corak dikotomik. Seiring bergulirnya Reformasi di tahun 80- an ada upaya dari sebagai kalangan mencoba keluar dari sistem yang ada dengan gagasan Sekolah Islam Terpadu. Penelitian ini di fokuskandalam rangka mengungkap bagaimana kehadiran Sekolah Islam Terpadu dalam sejarah pendidikan islam di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan diskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian inidiharapkan bermanfaat bagi siapa saja yang ingin mengetahui kehadiran Sekolah Islam Terpadu dalam sejarah pendidikan islam di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kehadiran Sekolah Islam Terpadu,dengan segala macam ragamnya, dalam sejarah pendidikan islam di Indonesia ini diprakarsai para aktifis pergerakan islam yang gelisah akan hasil lulusan sekolah di Indonesia. Dimana hasil lulusannya tidakmemiliki daya tahan yang kokoh terhadap arus dan virus globalisasi, disebabkan sistem pendidikan sekolah di Indonesia bersifat dikotomik, mengusai ilmu-ilmu duniawi tapi tidak memiliki semangat keagamaan yang kuat, rentan dengan pengaruh virus globalisasi, jauh dari nilai-nilai Islami. Kondisi ini dirasakan kurang baik bagi masa depan generasi muslim Indonesia. Maka, alternatif dan solusinya perlu melakukan rekonstruksi ulang sistem pendidikan yang ada dengan menggunakan sistem pendidikan Islam terpadu. Meskipun demikian, konsep terpadu ini sudah ada sebelumnya. Jauh sebelum gagasan sekolah islam dengan slogan terpadu ini muncul sudah ada Adabiyah school, Diniyah school, DiniyahPutri dan Normal Islam di Sumatra Barat, dan pembaharuan pendidikan Islam Muhammadiyah di Yogyakarta, dll. Sekolah-Sekolah ini menerapakan konsep terpadu dalam aktifitas pendidikannya, seperti halnya Sekolah Islam Terpadu yang menjadi “trend baru” saat ini di Indonesia, khususnya diwilayah perkotaan dimana sekolah-sekolah ini didirikan, keberadaanya saat ini telah tersebar diseluruh Indonesia.
PREVALÊNCIA DOS SINTOMAS DA SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM PROFESSORES DE FISIOTERAPIA DA UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DO PARÁ DA CIDADE DE BELÉM-PA
Authors: Ferreira Tereza Cristina dos Reis , Pena Júlio César Veiga , Conceição Anne Beatriz Duarte da , Lima Paula Thayna Soares , Sassim Paulo Vitor de Souza , Falcão Lee Bezerra , Costa Késsya Alves da , Barros Danilo Gonçalves
Published: July 2020

Objective: to verify the prevalence of symptoms of Burnout syndrome in physical therapists who teach at a public university in Belém-PA, using the Maslach questionnaire. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study carried out with 25 physiotherapists, professors at the State University of Pará in the city of Belém-PA. For data collection, the Maslach Questionnaire (Maslach Burnout Inventory) was used, composed of 22 statements about feelings and attitudes that encompass the three fundamental aspects of Burnout syndrome, divided into three scales of seven points, with a score from 0 to 6, related to emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and professional and personal fulfillment. All data were digitized and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. Results: Regarding emotional exhaustion, 56% of teachers had a high level; 24% moderate and 20% low. The average was 25 points, indicating moderate emotional exhaustion. In depersonalization 44% had a high level; 20% moderate and 36% low, with an average at the threshold of the moderate to low level of 6.8 points. Regarding personal and professional fulfillment, 48% had a high level; 12% moderate and 40% low. The average was 38.12 points, at the threshold of the moderate to the low level. Conclusion: The sample presented a moderate level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and professional and personal achievement, such data are suggestive for the development of Burnout Syndrome. Thus, the importance of carrying out more research is emphasized in order to expand knowledge and subsidize resolutive actions for the topic in question.
OS EFEITOS DAS MICROCORRENTES E DO EXERCÍCIO TERAPÊUTICO NA ÚLCERA DIABÉTICA
Authors: Ferreira Tereza Cristina dos Reis , Pena Júlio César Veiga , Conceição Anne Beatriz Duarte da , Lima Paula Thayna Soares , Sassim Paulo Vitor de Souza , Falcão Lee Bezerra , Costa Késsya Alves da , Silva Tâmara Furtado da
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized as a group of metabolic diseases. It consists of one of the most serious health problems today, both in terms of the number of people affected, disabilities, early mortality, and in relation to the costs involved in the control and treatment of its complications. Because of these, diabetic patients have high rates of mortality and morbidity compared to non-diabetics. Objective: This research was based on verifying the effects of microcurrents and therapeutic exercise on diabetic ulcers. Methods: This is a case report, carried out on the premises of the Teaching Unit of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy (UEAFTO) of the State University of Pará, from September to October 2012, in the afternoon, totaling 20 sessions interspersed 3 times a week. The study sample consisted of a male patient, with a clinical diagnosis of type II diabetes mellitus 18 years ago. Result: The measurement of the ulcer allowed to follow the evolution of the healing process. During the evaluation and initiation of therapy, it was found that the lesion surface was 38.09 cm², corresponding to 100% of the ulcer surface. In the 5th service, a reduction of 25% (10.11cm²) was recorded. In the 10th visit there was a decrease of 61% (23.11cm²) in the total area of the ulcer. In the 15th service, the study obtained partial results, with a reduction of 66% (25.17cm²) of the total area. The study was completed at the 20th visit, in which a reduction of 97% (37.01cm²) of the total ulcer area was obtained. Conclusion: In the present case study, the application of microcurrents associated with the performance of therapeutic exercises proved to be clinically effective in the treatment of diabetic ulcers, as it was possible to evidence the evolution of the ulcer in terms of its healing process and improved functionality of the affected lower limb
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND COVID-19: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF ITS IMPORTANCE AND THE BEST MEASURES TO BE CARRIED OUT
Authors: Alberti Adriano , Zanoni Eliton Marcio
Published: July 2020

OBJETIVES: The practice of physical activity is important to control and combat various chronic diseases, including improving the immune system, but in times of pandemic, the best way to prevent the spread of COVID-19 is isolation and social distancing, consequently causing people to become inactive. This work is a systematic review to address the practice of physical activity amidst the Covid-19 pandemic. METHODS: This article aims to address the topic through a systematic review. It consists of a systematic literature review carried out through research in the Pubmed database. Nine articles were selected. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the practice of physical activity is beneficial during the pandemic, but that it should be carried out at home, or in environments that respect WHO standards.
Disease and pathway maps for Rare Diseases
Authors: Gawron Piotr , Hoksza David , Pinero Janet , Chilet Maria Pena , Esteban Marina , Fernandez Jose Luis , Colonna Vincenza , Dopazo Joaquin , Furlong Laura I. , Ostaszewski Marek
Published: July 2020

In this article we present a workflow for construction of prototype rare disease maps based on the phenotypic description of a rare disease. We use stable disease and phenotype identifiers to i) retrieve disease-associated genes and genetic variants, ii) identify relevant mechanistic components from pathways, disease maps and interaction repositories, and iii) assemble these components into single diagram, available for visualisation and pathway analysis. The workflow allows construction of prototype diagrams representing mechanisms related to a rare disease, useful for further refinement and data interpretation.
Osteoporosis: Detection Using Dental Radiography
Authors: Sharma Sakshi
Published: July 2020

Osteoporosis has been a cause for major concern for all the nations where the population of senior citizens has seen a spurt on account of better healthcare. However, where a timely diagnosis cannot be made, it causes a lot of suffering to the patient. The study aims at exploring the potential of dental radiography as a tool for diagnosis where a dentist could identify groups at high risk of suffering from this ailment much before they suffer from any fracture and to prevent it from happening by mitigating the various factors that may cause it. Going beyond the conventional techniques of diagnosis, this study evaluates the efficacy of the novel methodology studied under the Osteodent Project for determining risk or vulnerability to osteoporosis through radio-morphometric and visual indices or photodensitometric analysis of trabecular patterns. Dental Radiography is not the sole diagnostic method for this ailment but an adjunct to screening techniques that can be used by a dentist for undiagnosed cases in patients who are unaware of being at risk. Since dental X-rays capture a two-dimensional image, visual examination becomes imperative to assess dimensions of bone and make requisite calculations for bone mineral density to predict the risk of osteoporosis.
Potential biomarkers predictors of mortality in COVID-19 patients in the Emergency Department
Authors: Pascual Gómez Natalia F. , Monge Lobo Iván , Granero Cremades Inmaculada , Figuerola Tejerina Angels , Ramasco Rueda Fernando , von Wernitz Teleki Andrés , Arrabal Campos Francisco Manuel , Sanz de Benito M. Ángeles ,   Servicio de Análisis Clínicos. Hospital Universitario de la Princesa. Madrid
Published: July 2020

Objective. Identify which biomarkers performed in the first emergency analysis help to stratify COVID-19 patients according to mortality risk.
Method. Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study performed with data collected from patients with suspected COVID-19 in the Emergency Department from February 24 to March 16, 2020. The univariate and multivariate study was performed to find independent mortality markers and calculate risk by building a severity score.
Results. A total of 163 patients were included, of whom 33 died and 29 of them were positive for the COVID-19 PCR test. We obtained as possible factors to conform the Mortality Risk Score age> 75 years ((adjusted OR = 12,347, 95% CI: 4,138-36,845 p = 0.001), total leukocytes> 11,000 cells / mm3 (adjusted OR = 2,649, 95% CI: 0.879-7.981 p = 0.083), glucose> 126 mg / dL (adjusted OR = 3.716, 95% CI: 1.247-11.074 p = 0.018) and creatinine> 1.1 mg / dL (adjusted OR = 2.566, 95% CI: 0.889- 7.403, p = 0.081) This score was called COVEB (COVID, Age, Basic analytical profile) with an AUC 0.874 (95% CI: 0.816-0.933, p <0.001; Cut-off point = 1 (sensitivity = 89.66 % (95% CI: 72.6% -97.8%), specificity = 75.59% (95% CI: 67.2% -82.8%). A score <1 has a negative predictive value = 100% (95% CI: 93.51% -100%) and a positive predictive value = 18.59% (95% CI: 12.82% -25.59%).
Conclusions. Clinical severity scales, kidney function biomarkers, white blood cell count parameters, the total neutrophils / total lymphocytes ratio and procalcitonin are early risk factors for mortality. The variables age, glucose, creatinine and total leukocytes stand out as the best predictors of mortality. A COVEB score <1 indicates with a 100% probability that the patient with suspected COVID-19 will not die in the next 30 days.
(PVC / ABS) and Nanocomposite (CAU-10-H) Composite Membrane for Separation of C2H6 from CH4
Authors: Ehsan Kianfar
Published: July 2020

In the research, composite membrane derived from Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were prepared with 30wt.%. In next step, adding 0.125, 0.250, 0.50wt.% of nanocomposite (CAU-10-H) in Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was obtained. All of the polymeric and nanocomposite membranes were e fabricated by the solvent foundry method use a dimethylacetamide solvent. The performance of prepared membranes was calculated for methane and ethane at the feed pressure of 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 bar at a temperature of 35°C. Results showed that in most cases, increasing the percentage of Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). the permeability of CH4 and C2H6 increased.
PENGARUH EKUITAS MEREK DAN WORD OF MOUTH TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN SMARTPHONE OPPO (SURVEI PADA MAHASISWA STIE SULTAN AGUNG SEMESTER VI TAHUN AKADEMIK 2016/2017)
Authors: Manurung Ganda , Lie Darwin , Butarbutar Marisi , Inrawan Ady
Published: July 2020

The result of this research: 1. Brand equity, word of mouth and purchasing decisions already high. 2. The results of the regression analysis is Ŷ = 8,177 + 0,724X1 + 0,255X2, means this research have positive between of the brand equity and word of mouth on consumer purchasing decisions. 3. The results of correlation analysis obtained by r = 0,813 , it mean there is a high correlation and positive between the brand equity and word of mouth, to consumer purchasing. Purchasing decisions are influenced by the brand equity and word of mouth of 66.2%. 4. The hypothesis of research H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, it means that the brand equity and word of mouth positive and significant effect of the purchase on the Oppo smartphone either simultaneously or partial. As for the suggestion of this research is to increase brand equity, the need for sophisticated feature innovations in accordance with the wishes of consumers selfie features with the quality front camera which is very nice as well as the resolution of the camera that is large enough for the sake of who were the selfie. To preserve the word of mouth on the Oppo smartphone, then spread information or promotion through advertising in prime time hours, preferably with a more interesting advertising concept that users increasingly Oppo smartphone products. Whereas, to maintain the increasing konsumenn purchasing decisions, by making innovations in presenting a unique design and specification put forward in order to get the attention of consumers. Keywords: Product Quality, Price, and Consumer Satisfaction.
Evaluation of a Routine Screening Program with Tuberculin Skin Testing on Rates of Detection of Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Prevention of Active Tuberculosis in Patients with Multiple Myeloma at a Canadian Cancer Centre
Authors: Gitman M. , Vu J. , Nguyen T. , Chen C. , Rotstein C.
Published: July 2020

Background: Chemotherapy-induced T cell dysfunction, resulting from treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), enhances the risk for reactivation of latent tuberculous infection (LTBI). However, routine screening for LTBI has its limitations. The objective of the present study was to assess the number of patients treated for LTBI both before and after the introduction of a consistent tuberculin skin test (TST) screening program for patients with MM at our cancer centre. Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed adult patients with MM treated with autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2014, for whom TST was consistently performed at our cancer facility. Baseline demographic characteristics of patients who received TST testing and LTBI therapy were compared with those of a pre-intervention cohort of patients (1 January 2008 to 31 December 2009) who were not tested. Results: During the post-intervention period, 170 patients with MM had a TST. In 14 patients (8.2%) results were positive, and 11 of the 14 received LTBI therapy. Of another 12 patients with radiographic imaging changes consistent with prior granulomatous disease and negative TST results, 2 were treated. No cases of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation were noted in individuals who completed LTBI therapy. One case of active TB was diagnosed in a patient with a negative TST. In contrast, in the pre-intervention matched cohort of 170 patients, no TSTs were performed, and no cases of active TB were documented. Conclusions: Patients with MM could benefit from a consistent TST testing policy coupled with subsequent LTBI therapy. However, universal testing might not be required. A targeted program combining evaluation of host risk factors, imaging findings, and screening tests might optimize LTBI diagnosis and management, and thus be effective in preventing the development of active TB in at-risk patients with MM.
Barriers to Conducting Cancer Trials in CanadA: An Analysis of Key Informant Interviews
Authors: Bentley C. , Sundquist S. , Dancey J. , Peacock S.
Published: July 2020

Background: In Canada, there is growing evidence that oncology clinical trials units (ctus) and programs face serious financial challenges. Investment in cancer research in Canada has declined almost 20% in the 5 years since its peak in 2011, and the costs of conducting leading-edge trials are rising. Clinical trials units must therefore be strategic about which studies they open. We interviewed Canadian health care professionals responsible for running cancer trials programs to identify the barriers to sustainability that they face. Methods: One-on-one telephone interviews were conducted with clinicians and clinical research professionals at oncology ctus in Canada. We asked for their perspectives about the barriers to conducting trials at their institutions, in their provinces, and nationwide. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed, anonymized, and coded in the NVivo software application (version 11: QSR International, Melbourne, Australia). The initial coding structure was informed by the interview script, with new concepts drawn out and coded during analysis, using a constant comparative approach. Results: Between June 2017 and November 2018, 25 interviews were conducted. Key barriers that participants identified were (1) insufficient stable funding to support trials infrastructure and retain staff; (2) the need to adopt strict cost-recovery policies, leading to fewer academic trials in portfolios; and (3) an overreliance on industry to fund clinical research in Canada. Conclusions: Funding uncertainties have led ctus to increasingly rely on industry sponsorship and more stringent feasibility thresholds to remain solvent. Retaining skilled trials staff can create efficiencies in opening and running studies, with spillover effects of more trials being open to patients. More academic studies are needed to curb industry’s influence.
Real-World Impact of Laparoscopic Surgery for Rectal Cancer: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Drohan A.E. , Hoogerboord C.M. , Johnson P.M. , Flowerdew G.J. , Porte G.A.
Published: July 2020

Background: Randomized trials have demonstrated equivalent oncologic outcomes and decreased morbidity in patients with rectal cancer who undergo laparoscopic surgery (LapSx) compared with open surgery (OpenSx). The objective of the present study was to compare short-term outcomes after LapSx and OpenSx in a real-world setting. Methods: A national discharge abstract database was used to identify all patients who underwent rectal cancer resection in Canada (excluding Quebec) from April 2004 through March 2015. Short-term outcomes examined included same-admission mortality and length of stay (los). Results: Of 28,455 patients, 82.4% underwent OpenSx, and 17.6%, LapSx. The use of LapSx increased to 34% in 2014 from 5.9% in 2004 (p < 0.0001). Same-admission mortality was lower among patients undergoing LapSx than among those undergoing OpenSx (1.08% and 1.95% respectively, p < 0.0001). On multivariable analysis, the odds of same-admission mortality with LapSx was 36% lower than that with OpenSx (odds ratio: 0.64; p = 0.003). Median los was shorter after LapSx than after OpenSx (5 days and 8 days respectively, p = 0.0001). The strong association of LapSx with shorter los was maintained on multivariable analysis controlling for patient, surgeon, and hospital factors. Conclusions: For patients with rectal cancer, shorter los and decreased same-admission mortality are associated with the use of LapSx compared with OpenSx.
At a Loss
Authors: Schep D.
Published: July 2020

He had thyroid cancer, we were told, and he would have to have the whole gland taken out [...]
The Ecolinguistics of Malay Langkat Mantra
Authors: Natsir Muhammad , Saragih Bahagia , Nst Rafika Dewi , Annisa Puan Suri Mira
Published: July 2020

This paper deals with the description of ecolinguistics on Malay Langkat mantra. The main objective of this paper is to explore especially the Malay Langkat mantra (especially those related to traditional medications) on the basis of the ecolinguistic study. Malay Langkat mantra was very popular amongst the Malay Langkat society in the past. The mantra was used by traditional medicine man called pawang/bomoh/dukun. He commonly has supernatural ability in medicating the local society in almost all kinds of diseases. The medication man has his own specific mantra for specific diseases and it is believed by the society that the diseases will relieve soon after the medication man read the mantra. The mantra themselves consist of short sentences in the forms of traditional poetry. They sometimes used words or phrases taken from the nature (flora and fauna)
Crack propagation analysis in selected railway bogie components
Authors: Mysłek Adam
Published: July 2020

This paper presents the practical application of fracture mechanics in
investigating the possibility of crack propagation in a brake calliper bracket
mounted in a vehicle bogie. The extended finite element method available in
the Abaqus software was used. This method allows the modelling of material
damage and its propagation independently of the finite element mesh. Damage
can arise in any area of finite elements without changing the mesh. Numerical
simulation of crack propagation was performed in order to analyse how crack
changes as a result of the location change of damage initiation.
Public space or safe space – remarks during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jasiński Artur
Published: July 2020

The coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak and its immediate impact on all aspects of
human life have changed the way we use public space in our cities. People have
been forced to adopt social isolation measures and wear masks. Street life has
ground to a halt and public transport use has plummeted, while social facilities
such as restaurants, clubs and cinemas have been closed. The relationship
between private and public space has been reversed: public space has become
deserted while private space, one of luxury, has been available only to the
richest. The behaviour and interactions between people in public space have
also changed. The paper analyses the above phenomena and raises questions
about the future of metropolitan public spaces after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Overvoltages and Transients Identification In On-line Bushing Monitoring
Authors: Gil Wieslaw , Masłowski Wiktor , Wronek Przemysław
Published: July 2020

Overvoltages and transients are sometimes recognized as the cause of bushings’ rapid failure. This fact is confirmed by the studies published at the 2018 CIGRE session. They can also initiate dangerous resonance phenomena in transformer windings. The identification of very fast overvoltages characterized by high dynamics of voltage changes, so-called "transients", is difficult due to the limited frequency response of station voltage transformers. However, the bushing monitoring systems, based on the so-called "voltage method" can be used for this purpose successfully. There are several running bushing monitoring systems based on this method in Poland. The transients’ events are registered together with their oscillographs in Transformer Monitoring Systems (TMS). The overvoltage statistics are also performed to support service procedures.The TMS are integrated with station systems, which greatly increases the possibility of overvoltages phenomena analyzing.
NEW STYGOBIONT SNAIL FROM GROUNDWATER OF MOROCCO (GASTROPODA: MOITESSIERIIDAE)
Authors: Ghamizi Mohamed , Boulal Mokhtar
Published: July 2020

“Iglica” soussensis n. sp., a new stygobiont snail species was described from the groundwater of one well of the Souss plain in the south of the High Atlas, Morocco.
A NEW SPECIES OF SCHELORIBATES (ACARI, ORIBATIDA, SCHELORIBATIDAE) FROM VIETNAM, WITH KEY TO THE STRIOLATUS-GROUP
Authors: Ermilov Sergey G. , Starý Josef
Published: July 2020

A new species of oribatid mite, Scheloribates daoensis sp. nov. is described from grass rhizosphere of meadow in the Tam Dao National Park, Northern Vietnam. It is morphologically most similar to S. striolatus Balogh, 1960, but differs by the body size, the morphology of bothridial setae, the length of circumpedal carinae and the distance between sacculi S1–S1. An identification key to known species/subspecies of striolatus-group of Scheloribates is provided.
FIRST RECORDS OF EPIBIONT CILIATES (CILIOPHORA) IN METHANE ENRICHED SEDIMENTS WITH SPECIES REDESCRIPTIONS
Authors: Ivanova Еkaterina , Dovgal Igor , Newton Alice
Published: July 2020

The article is dedicated to re-discovery of ciliates Loricophrya bosporica (Suctorea) and  Cothurnia sp. (Peritrichia) found at nematodes from methane seep of the Ria Formosa lagoon (Southern Portugal). Based on authors’ data the lagoon sediments might be attributing to the hypoxic (periodically anoxic) methane seepage environment. The morphological characterizations of found ciliates with emphasis on poorly studied stylotheca structure in suctorian ciliate and macronucleus morphology in peritrich are presented.
Chemical composition of the essential oil and headspace of Satureja montana L.
Authors: ČOPRA-JANİĆİJEVİĆ Amira , VİDİC Danijela , MAKSİMOVİĆ Milka
Published: July 2020

Volatile constituents of Satureja montana L. collected from a natural habitat in the southern region of Bosnia and Herzegovina were isolated by steam distillation and headspace sampling. The relative abundance of volatile compounds from the air-dried fragrant plant was analysed by GC-MS using two columns of different polarity. A total of 28 compounds were identified, constituting 93.5% of the essential oil composition. The GC pattern of headspace was different from that prepared by steam distillation. The former consisted of 14 compounds that made up 84.1% of the components identified. Both samples were dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes ranging from 55.2% for headspace of the plant material to 75.5% for the steam-distilled oil. Eleven alcohols represented the most diverse chemical class in the volatile oil (71.8%), as well as seven alcohols detected in the headspace (57.3%). GC-MS analysis of the volatiles indicates that S. montana belongs to linalool chemotype with its relative content of 38.7% for the essential oil and 23.7% for the headspace. With linalool as the most abundant constituent, the other major components were -terpineol (14.7%) in the essential oil, and cis-sabinene hydrate (21.8%) and p-cymene (17.9%) in the headspace sample. The results prove that the combined approach in the extraction of volatile compounds is reliable for the analysis of the aroma of complex herbal samples.
Representaciones periodísticas de la pobreza en la prensa mexicana. Análisis de contenido
Authors: Echeverría Victoria Martín
Published: July 2020

Las representaciones periodísticas de la pobreza pueden tener un efecto en la forma en que los lectores conciben esta problemática y valoran a sus sujetos; de ahí la importancia de un conocimiento objetivo de las mismas. Este trabajo expone resultados de un análisis de contenido de 1 033 notas, provenientes de siete diarios de distintas entidades del país. Encontramos que tales representaciones son elaboradas con cierto profesionalismo, pero que colocan a los pobres en posiciones de dependencia del gobierno y las notas adolecen de superficialidad. Así, dichas representaciones son insuficientes para que los lectores conozcan y comprendan mejor dicha problemática.
Políticas públicas de comunicación: Conceptualización de un término incomprendido Inge Roeniger Desatnik
Authors: Roeniger Desatnik Inge
Published: July 2020

.
The Multiwavelength Counterparts of Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Chen Ge , Ravi Vikram , Lu Wenbin
Published: July 2020

The engines that produce extragalactic fast radio bursts (FRBs), and the mechanism by which the emission is generated, remain unknown. Many FRB models predict prompt multiwavelength counterparts, which can be used to refine our knowledge of these fundamentals of the FRB phenomenon. However, several previous targeted searches for prompt FRB counterparts have yielded no detections and have additionally not reached sufficient sensitivity with respect to the predictions. In this work, we demonstrate a technique to estimate the ratio, η, between the energy outputs of FRB counterparts at various wavelengths and the radio-wavelength emission. Our technique combines the fluence distribution of the FRB population with results from several wide-field blind surveys for fast transients from the optical to the TeV bands. We present constraints on η that improve upon previous observations even in the case where all unclassified transient events in existing surveys are FRB counterparts. In some scenarios for the FRB engine and emission mechanism, we find that FRB counterparts should have already been detected, thus demonstrating that our technique can successfully test predictions for η. However, it is possible that FRB counterparts are lurking among catalogs of unclassified transient events. Although our technique is robust to the present uncertainty in the FRB fluence distribution, its ultimate application to accurately estimate or bound η will require the careful analysis of all candidate fast transient events in multiwavelength survey data sets.
Classification of Photospheric Emission in Short GRBs
Authors: Dereli-Bégué Hüsne , Pe’er Asaf , Ryde Felix
Published: July 2020

In order to better understand the physical origin of short-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), we perform a time-resolved spectral analysis on a sample of 70 pulses in 68 short GRBs with burst durations T
90 ≲ 2 s detected by the Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor. We apply a Bayesian analysis to all spectra that have statistical significance S ≥ 15 within each pulse and apply a cutoff power-law model. We then select in each pulse the time bin that has the maximum value of the low-energy spectral index for further analysis. Under the assumption that the main emission mechanism is the same throughout each pulse, this analysis is indicative of pulse emission. We find that about 1/3 of the short GRBs are consistent with a pure, nondissipative photospheric model, at least around the peak of the pulse. This fraction is larger than the corresponding fraction (1/4) obtained for long GRBs. For these bursts, we find (i) a bimodal distribution in the values of the Lorentz factors and the hardness ratios and (ii) an anticorrelation between T
90 and the peak energy, E
pk:

. This correlation disappears when we consider the entire sample. Our results thus imply that the short GRB population may in fact be composed of two separate populations: one that is a continuation of the long GRB population to shorter durations, and another that is distinctly separate with different physical properties. Furthermore, thermal emission is initially ubiquitous, but is accompanied at longer times by additional radiation (likely synchrotron).
Diffuse Ionized Gas in Simulations of Multiphase, Star-forming Galactic Disks
Authors: Kado-Fong Erin , Kim Jeong-Gyu , Ostriker Eve C. , Kim Chang-Goo
Published: July 2020

It has been hypothesized that photons from young, massive star clusters are responsible for maintaining the ionization of diffuse warm ionized gas seen in both the Milky Way and other disk galaxies. For a theoretical investigation of the warm ionized medium (WIM), it is crucial to solve radiation-transfer equations where the interstellar medium (ISM) and clusters are modeled self-consistently. To this end, we employ a solar neighborhood model of Three-phase Interstellar Medium in Galaxies Resolving Evolution with Star Formation and Supernova Feedback (TIGRESS), a magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the multiphase, star-forming ISM, and post-process the simulation with an adaptive ray tracing method to transfer UV radiation from star clusters. We find that the WIM volume filling factor is highly variable, and sensitive to the rate of ionizing photon production and ISM structure. The mean WIM volume filling factor rises to ∼0.15 at

. Approximately half of ionizing photons are absorbed by gas and half by dust; the cumulative ionizing photon escape fraction is 1.1%. Our time-averaged synthetic

line profile matches Wisconsin

Mapper observations on the redshifted (outflowing) side, but has insufficient intensity on the blueshifted side. Our simulation matches the Dickey–Lockman neutral density profile well, but only a small fraction of snapshots have high-altitude WIM density consistent with Reynolds Layer estimates. We compute a clumping correction factor

that is remarkably constant with distance from the midplane and time; this can be used to improve estimates of ionized gas mass and mean electron density from observed

surface brightness profiles in edge-on galaxies.
Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves Pattern Recognition Based on a Deep Learning Technique: Bag-of-Features Algorithm Applied to Spectrograms
Authors: Medeiros Claudia , Souza V. M. , Vieira L. E. A. , Sibeck D. G. , Remya B. , Da Silva L. A. , Alves L. R. , Marchezi J. P. , Jauer P. R. , Rockenbach M. , Dal Lago A. , Kletzing C. A.
Published: July 2020

Several studies have shown the importance of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves to the pitch angle scattering of energetic particles in the radiation belt, especially relativistic electrons, thus contributing to their net loss from the outer radiation belt to the upper atmosphere. The huge amount of data collected thus far provides us with the opportunity to use a deep learning technique referred to as the Bag-of-Features (BoF). When applied to images of magnetic field spectrograms in the frequency range of EMIC waves, the BoF allows us to distinguish, in a semi-automated way, several patterns in these spectrograms that can be relevant to describe physical aspects of EMIC waves. Each spectrogram image provided as an input to the BoF corresponds to the windowed Fourier transform of a ∼40 minutes to 1 hour interval of Van Allen Probes’ high time-resolution vector magnetic field observations. Our data set spans the 2012 September 8 to 2016 December 31 period and is at geocentric distances larger than 3 Earth radii. A total of 66,204 spectrogram images are acquired in this interval, and about 45% of them, i.e., 30,190 images, are visually inspected to validate the BoF technique. The BoF’s performance in identifying spectrograms with likely EMIC wave signatures is comparable to the visual inspection method, with the enormous advantage that the BoF technique greatly expedites the analysis by accomplishing the task in just a few minutes.
Identification of Single Spectral Lines through Supervised Machine Learning in a Large HST Survey (WISP): A Pilot Study for Euclid and WFIRST
Authors: Baronchelli I. , Scarlata C. M. , Rodighiero G. , Rodríguez-Muñoz L. , Bonato M. , Bagley M. , Henry A. , Rafelski M. , Malkan M. , Colbert J. , Dai 戴 Y. S. 昱 , Dickinson H. , Mancini C. , Mehta V. , Morselli L. , Teplitz H. I.
Published: July 2020

Future surveys focusing on understanding the nature of dark energy (e.g., Euclid and WFIRST) will cover large fractions of the extragalactic sky in near-IR slitless spectroscopy. These surveys will detect a large number of galaxies that will have only one emission line in the covered spectral range. In order to maximize the scientific return of these missions, it is imperative that single emission lines are correctly identified. Using a supervised machine-learning approach, we classified a sample of single emission lines extracted from the WFC3 IR Spectroscopic Parallel survey, one of the closest existing analogs to future slitless surveys. Our automatic software integrates a spectral energy distribution (SED)-fitting strategy with additional independent sources of information. We calibrated it and tested it on a “gold” sample of securely identified objects with multiple lines detected. The algorithm correctly classifies real emission lines with an accuracy of 82.6%, whereas the accuracy of the SED-fitting technique alone is low (∼50%) due to the limited amount of photometric data available (≤6 bands). While not specifically designed for the Euclid and WFIRST surveys, the algorithm represents an important precursor of similar algorithms to be used in these future missions.
Solar Flare–CME Coupling throughout Two Acceleration Phases of a Fast CME
Authors: Gou Tingyu , Veronig Astrid M. , Liu Rui , Zhuang Bin , Dumbović Mateja , Podladchikova Tatiana , Reid Hamish A. S. , Temmer Manuela , Dissauer Karin , Vršnak Bojan , Wang Yuming
Published: July 2020

Solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are closely coupled through magnetic reconnection. CMEs are usually accelerated impulsively within the low solar corona, synchronized with the impulsive flare energy release. We investigate the dynamic evolution of a fast CME and its associated X2.8 flare occurring on 2013 May 13. The CME experiences two distinct phases of enhanced acceleration, an impulsive one with a peak value of ∼5  km s−2, followed by an extended phase with accelerations up to 0.7  km s−2. The two-phase CME dynamics is associated with a two-episode flare energy release. While the first episode is consistent with the “standard” eruption of a magnetic flux rope, the second episode of flare energy release is initiated by the reconnection of a large-scale loop in the aftermath of the eruption and produces stronger nonthermal emission up to γ-rays. In addition, this long-duration flare reveals clear signs of ongoing magnetic reconnection during the decay phase, evidenced by extended hard X-ray bursts with energies up to 100–300 keV and intermittent downflows of reconnected loops for >4 hr. The observations reveal that the two-step flare reconnection substantially contributes to the two-phase CME acceleration, and the impulsive CME acceleration precedes the most intense flare energy release. The implications of this non-standard flare/CME observation are discussed.