bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide association study identifies high-impact susceptibility loci for HCC in North America
Authors: Hassan Manal M. , Li Donghui , Han Younghun , Byun Jinyoung , Hatia Rikita I. , Long Erping , Choi Jiyeon , Kelley Robin Kate , Cleary Sean P. , Lok Anna S. , Bracci Paige , Permuth Jennifer B. , Bucur Roxana , Yuan Jian-Min , Singal Amit G. , Jalal Prasun K. , Ghobrial R. Mark , Santella Regina M. , Kono Yuko , Shah Dimpy P. , Nguyen Mindie H. , Liu Geoffrey , Parikh Neehar D. , Kim Richard , Wu Hui-Chen , El-Serag Hashem , Chang Ping , Li Yanan , Chun Yun Shin , Lee Sunyoung S. , Gu Jian , Hawk Ernest , Sun Ryan , Huff Chad , Rashid Asif , Amin Hesham M. , Beretta Laura , Wolff Robert A. , Antwi Samuel O. , Patt Yehuda , Hwang Lu-Yu , Klein Alison P. , Zhang Karen , Schmidt Mikayla A. , White Donna L. , Goss John A. , Khaderi Saira A. , Marrero Jorge A. , Cigarroa Francisco G. , Shah Pankil K. , Kaseb Ahmed O. , Roberts Lewis R. , Amos Christopher I.
Published: February 2024

Background and Aims:

Despite the substantial impact of environmental factors, individuals with a family history of liver cancer have an increased risk for HCC. However, genetic factors have not been studied systematically by genome-wide approaches in large numbers of individuals from European descent populations (EDP).

Approach and Results:

We conducted a 2-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) on HCC not affected by HBV infections. A total of 1872 HCC cases and 2907 controls were included in the discovery stage, and 1200 HCC cases and 1832 controls in the validation. We analyzed the discovery and validation samples separately and then conducted a meta-analysis. All analyses were conducted in the presence and absence of HCV. The liability-scale heritability was 24.4% for overall HCC. Five regions with significant ORs (95% CI) were identified for nonviral HCC: 3p22.1, MOBP, rs9842969, (0.51, [0.40–0.65]); 5p15.33, TERT, rs2242652, (0.70, (0.62–0.79]); 19q13.11, TM6SF2, rs58542926, (1.49, [1.29–1.72]); 19p13.11 MAU2, rs58489806, (1.53, (1.33–1.75]); and 22q13.31, PNPLA3, rs738409, (1.66, [1.51–1.83]). One region was identified for HCV-induced HCC: 6p21.31, human leukocyte antigen DQ beta 1, rs9275224, (0.79, [0.74–0.84]). A combination of homozygous variants of PNPLA3 and TERT showing a 6.5-fold higher risk for nonviral-related HCC compared to individuals lacking these genotypes. This observation suggests that gene-gene interactions may identify individuals at elevated risk for developing HCC.

Conclusions:

Our GWAS highlights novel genetic susceptibility of nonviral HCC among European descent populations from North America with substantial heritability. Selected genetic influences were observed for HCV-positive HCC. Our findings indicate the importance of genetic susceptibility to HCC development.
ICNIRP Statement on Short Wavelength Light Exposure from Indoor Artificial Sources and Human Health
Authors: Miller Sharon , Cajochen Christian , Green Adele , Hanifin John , Huss Anke , Karipidis Ken , Loughran Sarah , Oftedal Gunnhild , O’Hagan John , Sliney David H , Croft Rodney , van Rongen Eric , Cridland Nigel , d'Inzeo Guglielmo , Hirata Akimasa , Marino Carmela , Röösli Martin , Watanabe Soichi ,   International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP)
Published: February 2024

Concerns have been raised about the possibility of effects from exposure to short wavelength light (SWL), defined here as 380–550 nm, on human health. The spectral sensitivity of the human circadian timing system peaks at around 480 nm, much shorter than the peak sensitivity of daytime vision (i.e., 555 nm). Some experimental studies have demonstrated effects on the circadian timing system and on sleep from SWL exposure, especially when SWL exposure occurs in the evening or at night. The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) has identified a lack of consensus among public health officials regarding whether SWL from artificial sources disrupts circadian rhythm, and if so, whether SWL-disrupted circadian rhythm is associated with adverse health outcomes. Systematic reviews of studies designed to examine the effects of SWL on sleep and human health have shown conflicting results. There are many variables that can affect the outcome of these experimental studies. One of the main problems in earlier studies was the use of photometric quantities as a surrogate for SWL exposure. Additionally, the measurement of ambient light may not be an accurate measure of the amount of light impinging on the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, which are now known to play a major role in the human circadian timing system. Furthermore, epidemiological studies of long-term effects of chronic SWL exposure per se on human health are lacking. ICNIRP recommends that an analysis of data gaps be performed to delineate the types of studies needed, the parameters that should be addressed, and the methodology that should be applied in future studies so that a decision about the need for exposure guidelines can be made. In the meantime, ICNIRP supports some recommendations for how the quality of future studies might be improved.
Evaluation of Research Productivity Among Academic Cornea, External Diseases, and Refractive Surgery Ophthalmologists Using the Relative Citation Ratio
Authors: Guan Lucy S. , Henderson Matthew N. , Singh Hartej , Guyer Oliver , Massaro-Giordano Mina
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to provide relative citation ratio (RCR) benchmark data for cornea and external diseases specialists.

Design:

This is a cross-sectional bibliometric analysis.

Subjects:

Subjects included were fellowship-trained cornea and external diseases faculty at Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited institutions in the United States.

Methods:

Academic specialists were indexed using the National Institutes of Health iCite Web site. Publication count, mean RCR score, and weighted RCR score were obtained between October 2022 and January 2023 by examining PubMed-listed publications from 1980 to 2022. Data were compared by sex, career duration, academic rank, and acquisition of a Doctor of Philosophy.

Main outcome measures:

The main outcome measures were publication count, mean RCR value, and weighted RCR value.

Results:

The cohort included 602 specialists from 112 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited institutions. These clinician–scientists produced highly impactful research with a median publication count of 15 (interquartile ranges 4–41), median RCR of 1.4 (interquartile ranges 0.91–1.88), and median-weighted RCR of 20.28 (5.3–66.69). Both academic rank and career length were associated with greater publication count and RCR values. Male sex was also associated with greater publications counts and RCR scores compared with female faculty. Acquisition of a Doctor of Philosophy was associated with greater publication counts and weighted RCR scores but no difference in mean RCR scores.

Conclusions:

Academic cornea and external diseases specialists conduct high-impact research, with a median RCR of 1.4, exceeding the NIH standard value of 1. These data provide RCR benchmark data for the field to inform self, institutional, and departmental evaluations. These results also highlight a significant gender disparity in the field necessitating efforts to increase female representation and ensure equal opportunities.
Efficacy and safety of CKD-495 in acute and chronic gastritis: A Phase III superiority clinical trial
Authors: Seo Seung Young , Lee Soo Teik , Kim Sung Kook , Chun Hoon Jai , Song Geun Am , Lee Dong Ho , Kim Jae Jun , Kim Jin Il , Lee Young Chan , Kim Tae Nyeun , Jee Sam Ryong , Park Seon-Young , Kim Jae Gyu , Park Jong-Jae , Kim Sang Gyun , Park Jae Myung , Park Jung Ho , Park Shin Jung , Lee Oh Young
Published: February 2024

Background:

Despite the availability of numerous treatment options, many patients with gastritis experience only partial symptom relief. CKD-495, a newly developed product with the active ingredient extracted from Cinnamomum cassia Presl., has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in vitro and an in vivo protective effect against gastric damage by stimulating mucus secretion. This study compared the efficacy and safety of CKD-495 with Artemisiae argyi folium (AAF) for the treatment of acute and chronic gastritis. AAF, a gastric mucosa protective agent that promotes gastric mucosa regeneration, has been used clinically for about 20 years.

Methods:

This phase III multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT04255589) assigned 242 patients with endoscopically-proven gastric mucosal erosions to receive CKD-495 75 mg (n = 122) or AAF 60 mg (n = 120), respectively, with placebo (for double-blind purposes) 3 times a day for 2 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the erosion improvement rate. Secondary endpoints included erosion cure rates, and improvement rates for edema, redness, hemorrhage, and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Drug-related adverse events were evaluated.

Results:

The erosion improvement rate was significantly higher in the CKD-495 group than in the AAF group for both the full analysis set (55.9% vs 39.4%, P = .0063) and per-protocol set (54.6% vs 38.2%, P = .0084). In addition, the erosion improvement rate in patients with acute or chronic gastritis showed that the CKD-495 group had better improvement of erosion than the AAF group, especially in patients with chronic gastritis. Analysis of secondary endpoints, which included erosion cure rate and the improvement rates of edema, redness, hemorrhage, and GI symptoms, showed that the CKD-495 group was more effective than the AAF group. There were no significant between-group differences in safety profiles. No serious adverse events or adverse drug reactions occurred.

Conclusions:

These results demonstrate that CKD-495 75 mg is superior to AAF 60 mg in terms of the endoscopic improvement rate of erosions in patients with acute or chronic gastritis. This new mucoprotective agent, CKD-495, can be considered the therapy of choice for symptomatic relief and healing of gastritis.
Evaluating cluster analysis techniques in ChatGPT versus R-language with visualizations of author collaborations and keyword cooccurrences on articles in the Journal of Medicine (Baltimore) 2023: Bibliometric analysis
Authors: Cheng Yung-Ze , Lai Tzu-Han , Chien Tsair-Wei , Chou Willy
Published: February 2024

Background:

Analyses of author collaborations and keyword co-occurrences are frequently used in bibliographic research. However, no studies have introduced a straightforward yet effective approach, such as utilizing ChatGPT with Code Interpreter (ChatGPT_CI) or the R language, for creating cluster-oriented networks. This research aims to compare cluster analysis methods in ChatGPT_CI and R, visualize country-specific author collaborations, and then demonstrate the most effective approach.

Methods:

The research focused on articles and review pieces from Medicine (Baltimore) published in 2023. By August 20, 2023, we had gathered metadata for 1976 articles using the Web of Science core collections. The efficiency and effectiveness of cluster displays between ChatGPT_CI and R were compared by evaluating their time consumption. The best method was then employed to present a series of visualizations of country-specific author collaborations, rooted in social network and cluster analyses. Visualization techniques incorporating network charts, chord diagrams, circle bar plots, circle packing plots, heat dendrograms, dendrograms, and word clouds were demonstrated. We further highlighted the research profiles of 2 prolific authors using timeline visuals.

Results:

The research findings include that (1) the most active contributors were China, Nanjing Medical University (China), the Medical School Department, and Dr Chou from Taiwan when considering countries, institutions, departments, and individual authors, respectively; (2) the highest cited articles originated from Medicine (Baltimore) accounting for 4.53%: New England Journal of Medicine, PLOS ONE, LANCET, and The Journal of the American Medical Association, with respective contributions of 3.25%, 2.7%, 2.52%, and 1.54%; (3) visual cluster analysis in R proved to be more efficient and effective than ChatGPT_CI, reducing the time taken from 1 hour to just 3 minutes; (4) 7 cluster-focused networks were crafted using R on a custom platform; and (5) the research trajectories of 2 prominent authors (Dr Brin from the United States and Dr Chow from Taiwan) and articles themes in Medicine 2023 were depicted using timeline visuals.

Conclusions:

This research highlighted the efficient and effective methods for conducting cluster analyses of author collaborations using R. For future related studies, such as keyword co-occurrence analysis, R is recommended as a viable alternative for bibliographic research.
The risk of COVID-19 infection among nurses working with COVID-19 patients
Authors: Alrabadi Nasr , Al-faouri Ibrahim , Hadad Razan , Al-rabadi Daher , Alnsour Ayham , Alzoubi Osama , Obeidat Omar , Alzoubi Karem H.
Published: February 2024

Working with 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients is currently considered one of the main fears and challenges that face healthcare workers (HCWs), especially nurses. This challenge can jeopardize the quality of health care services for those patients and cause a serious mental burden to HCWs. To understand and estimate the risk of COVID-19 infection among HCWs who directly serve COVID-19 patients. Before the community spread of the disease, 270 nurses who worked with COVID-19 wards were followed for 11 weeks to report the COVID-19 cases. On the other hand, during the community spread of the disease, 981 registered nurses (300 worked in COVID-19 wards and 681 worked in non-COVID wards) were followed for up to 16 weeks to report the COVID-19 cases. Before the community spread of COVID-19, none of the nurses who worked with the COVID-19 patients got the infection. On the other hand, during the community spread of the COVID-19 infection, 30% of the 300 nurses who worked in the COVID-19 wards got the COVID-19 infection, while 64% of the 681 HCWs who worked in the non-COVID wards got the infection. The relative risk of getting COVID-19 infection among HCWs who worked in the COVID-19 wards was reduced to about half in comparison to other HCWs who worked in the non-COVID wards (RR = 0.469). HCWs should not fear working with COVID-19 patients. Considering appropriate personal protective measures and infection control standards, the risk of infection transmission from the community is higher than that of COVID-19 patients, if any.
Sequential treatments with TRK inhibitors in a patient with NTRK fusion-positive sarcoma: A case report
Authors: Kubota Yuta , Kawano Masanori , Iwasaki Tatsuya , Itonaga Ichiro , Tsumura Hiroshi , Kaku Nobuhiro , Tanaka Kazuhiro
Published: February 2024

Rationale:

Precision medicine and tumor-agnostic treatment strategies have recently been promoted for clinical use. One of the most successful treatments in patients with neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) fusion-positive tumors is targeting the tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) with an inhibitor. The TRK inhibitors, larotrectinib, and entrectinib, have been approved in many countries. Nevertheless, the most effective administration regimen for these TRK inhibitors is uncertain. To date, no reports have shown the efficacy of sequential treatment with larotrectinib and entrectinib in patients with NTRK fusion-positive tumors. In this report, we present a patient with NTRK fusion-positive sarcoma arising from the anterior mediastinum, with tumor progression after 4 months of entrectinib use. The patient took larotrectinib subsequently and maintained disease control for more than 21 months.

Patient concerns:

A 48-year-old female visited a physician because she experienced difficulty in breathing and chest and back pain with no obvious cause 2 months ago. Computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy was performed at a district general hospital, and histopathological examination revealed a small round cell tumor. She was referred to our hospital, and a second CT-guided biopsy was performed to confirm the pathological diagnosis. Considering the results of the histopathological examination, Ewing sarcoma was suspected, but a specific fusion gene was not detected due to poor quality specimens.

Diagnoses:

After 3 regimens of cytotoxic chemotherapy, biopsy was repeated, and specimens were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. The PHF20-NTRK1 fusion gene was detected, and the tumor was finally diagnosed as an NTRK fusion-positive sarcoma.

Interventions:

She was administered the TRK inhibitor entrectinib, but the tumor started to grow after 4 months of medication, and she stopped taking entrectinib. After 1 cycle of cytotoxic chemotherapy, another TRK inhibitor, larotrectinib, was administered.

Outcomes:

Her stable disease was maintained for more than 21 months. Here, we have shown that sequential administration of both drugs can be effective.

Lessons:

In the treatment of NTRK fusion-positive tumors, there are cases in which 2 approved first-generation TRK inhibitors can be used sequentially.
Resection of bilateral massive Achilles tendon xanthomata with reconstruction using vascularized iliotibial tract: A case report and literature review
Authors: Qi Jian , Fang Long , Hao Wei , Zou Lin
Published: February 2024

Rationale:

Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disease. Surgical treatment is only indicated when the xanthoma becomes large, painful, and irritable with shoe wear. Reconstruction of the large defect following resection challenging, especially with resection of the entire Achilles tendon.

Patient concerns:

We report a case of bilateral Achilles tendon defects of 16 cm following resection of bilateral Achilles tendon xanthomata, with reconstruction using vascularized iliotibial tract. The patient had a good functional outcome with well-preserved strength and cosmesis.

Outcomes:

Reconstruction of a total Achilles tendon defect using Vascularized iliotibial tract is safe and effective.
Spontaneous unscarred uterine rupture at 13 weeks of gestation after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zheng Juan , Zhou Liming , Hu Juwei
Published: February 2024

Rationale:

Uterine rupture (UR) during pregnancy is a serious obstetric complication. Here we report a case of spontaneous rupture in an unscarred uterus at 13 weeks of gestation after in vitro fertilization embryo transfer, which is not common in past references. Our focus is to understand the relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and UR.

Patient concerns:

A 33-year-old infertile woman with a history of SLE became pregnant after in vitro fertilization embryo transfer. She presented with sudden mental fatigue and dyspnea, accompanied by sweating, dizziness and lower abdominal pain at 13 weeks of gestation.

Diagnoses:

Blood analysis revealed anemia. Ultrasonography and plain computed tomography scan revealed intrauterine early pregnancy with effusion in pelvic and abdominal cavity. Laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis of UR.

Interventions:

The patient underwent emergency laparotomy. Upon surgery, multiple myometrium was weak with only serosal layer visible, and there was a 2.5 cm irregular breach with exposed placenta and villous tissue in the posterior wall of the uterus. After removing intrauterine fetus and repairing the breach, there was still persistent intraperitoneal hemorrhage. The patient underwent subtotal hysterectomy finally.

Outcomes:

Postoperative recovery was uneventful. The patient was discharged on the 8th day after operation.

Lessons:

Combined efforts of specialists from ultrasound, imaging and gynecologist led to the successful diagnosis and management of this patient. We should be cautious about the occurrence of unscarred uterus rupture during pregnancy of the women with the disease of SLE and long-term glucocorticoid treatment. In IVF, we had better transfer one embryo for these patients with the history of SLE. Obstetricians should strengthen labor tests to detect early signs of UR of the patients with SLE and long term glucocorticoid treatment. Once UR is suspected, prompt surgical treatment is needed as soon as possible.
Analysis of clinical features of 7 cases of primary pleomorphic adenoma of lower respiratory tract and review of literature
Authors: Chen Ling , Zhang Weidong , Li Xiuying
Published: February 2024

To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with primary pleomorphic adenoma of the lower respiratory tract. The clinical manifestations, laboratory results, pathological and imaging, treatment and prognosis of 7 patients with primary pleomorphic adenoma of the lower respiratory tract who were treated in Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital from December 2015 to May 2020 were analyzed. Among the 7 patients, 5 patients had cough and expectoration as the main clinical manifestations, and the other 2 patients had no symptoms. Pleomorphic adenomas of the lower respiratory tract are mostly located in the trachea or bronchus, and the chest computed tomography findings are circular or ellipsoid masses, or flake high-density shadows and local thickening of the tracheobronchial wall. Tumor histological features and immunohistochemistry can diagnose pleomorphic adenoma and its origin. In this study, 2 asymptomatic patients refused further treatment, 1 survived for more than 3 years, and the other was lost to follow-up during follow-up. One patient with surgical resection was followed up for 5 years after surgery and had a good survival status. The other 4 patients with respiratory symptoms who could not undergo surgery were mainly treated with bronchoscopic interventional therapy on demand, and the survival time up to now was 2 to 5 years. Primary pleomorphic adenoma of the lower respiratory tract is rare in clinic. Its clinical symptoms are related to the location and size of the tumor. Both surgical resection and bronchoscopic intervention have a good clinical prognosis. The cause of death of patients with such diseases is mostly dyspnea caused by tumors in the airway. Early diagnosis, timely intervention and regular follow-up can make patients obtain better curative effect.
The interaction of obesity with susceptible gene polymorphisms in the relationship with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Xiaoya Sun , Yingjun Xiang , Liqun Wang , Zhizhong Wang
Published: February 2024

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the elderly is threatening the mental health of the elderly, and the interaction of some factors is worth exploring. This study aims to explore the interactions of obesity and gene polymorphisms in the relationship with MCI. A total of 2555 community resident dwellings include 444 participants who met MCI criteria recruited from the Ningxia province of China. Fourteen MCI-susceptible single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected using a high-throughput mass spectrometer. The interaction was examined by performing the multifactor dimensionality reduction model and unconditional logistic regression model. Logistic regression showed that obesity (OR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.04–1.94), rs2075650G allele carrying (OR = 17.95, 95%CI: 1.32–244.95), rs11556505T allele carrying (OR = 0.06, 95%CI: 0.01–0.87) were statistically associated with MCI. Multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis showed a strong antagonistic effect between obesity and rs4402960 (Interaction dendrogram between obesity and rs4402960 is red) and a weak synergy effect on rs7901695 (Interaction dendrogram between obesity and rs7901695 is green). The hierarchical analysis showed obesity is a risk factor for MCI in the non-rs4402960T allele carrier group (OR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.02–2.35). This study found that obesity is an independent risk factor for MCI, and the interactions with MCI-susceptible gene polymorphisms suggest a possible precision preventive intervention program should be developed to reduce the risk of MCI among individuals with obesity in the community.
Role of bilateral staged hip arthroplasty in Hip-spine syndrome: A case report
Authors: Bizdikian Aren Joe , Assi Ayman , Semaan Karl , Otayek Joeffroy , Karam Mohamad , Massaad Abir , Jaber Elena , Ghanem Ismat , El Rachkidi Rami
Published: February 2024

Rationale:

Hip-spine syndrome is a frequent finding in patients presenting with symptoms both at the level of the hip and spine.

Patient concerns:

Patient previously operated of lumbar laminectomy for supposed spinal stenosis presenting with persistent pain and disability.

Diagnoses:

Clinical examination and imaging showed severe bilateral hip osteoarthritis. Full body standing and sitting biplanar radiographs showed an associated severe sagittal malalignment. 3D motion analysis and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) questionnaires showed a severe functional impact.

Interventions:

He was operated of a staged bilateral total hip arthroplasty using the direct anterior approach.

Outcomes:

Spinopelvic and sagittal alignment parameters, as well as 3D motion analysis and HRQOL scores showed significant improvement after the first, then the second total hip arthroplasty.

Lessons:

Comprehensive functional diagnostic testing, including full body standing and seated radiographs, 3D gait analysis and HRQOL questionnaires may provide important information for future management.
Resection of rectal metastasis after previous radical surgery for pancreatic cancer: Case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Shuwei , Hao Yanfei , Huang Shaoyang , Leng Dong , Ma Yuxiang
Published: February 2024

Rationale:

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the main type of pancreatic cancer with a poor prognosis. Rectal metastasis after radical resection of PDAC is comparatively rare, and the understanding of such cases is currently not unified. This study presents the entire process of diagnosis and treatment of a patient with PDAC metastasized to the rectal. We propose the viewpoint of exploring potential biomarkers or establishing effective predictive models to assist in the clinical decision-making of such cases.

Patient concerns:

We present the case of a 71-year-old man with slight abdominal distension and dull pain. He underwent surgical treatment for a malignant tumor of the pancreatic body, which was discovered through computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging examinations. Nine months after the pancreatectomy, a rectal mass was identified by digital rectal examination and diagnosed as a malignant lesion through a puncture biopsy. After a multidisciplinary joint consultation, the patient underwent radical surgery. It was later confirmed as rectal adenocarcinoma based on postoperative pathological results.

Diagnosis:

The pathological result after pancreatic surgery was PDAC, which had invaded the peripheral nerves and abdominal arteries. A diagnosis of rectal metastasis was determined ultimately by combining with the medical history and immunohistochemical staining results.

Interventions and outcomes:

Treatment of the PDAC included laparoscopic resection of the body and tail of the pancreas combined with splenectomy, and postoperative systemic chemotherapy. In addition, treatment of the rectal metastasis included laparoscopic radical resection and postoperative systemic chemotherapy. The patient’s current living condition was good.

Lessons:

As a rare metastatic site of PDAC, rectal metastasis should be avoided because of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Surgical resection is still an effective treatment strategy for localized pancreatic tumors and isolated metastases. Furthermore, the mining of potential biomarkers or the establishment of predictive models for pancreatic cancer and its metastases may contribute to better clinical decision-making in the future.
Emergency and successful management for a case of inferior vena cava perforation caused by cannulation of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A case report
Authors: Cen Xiangying , Chen Yanzhu , Chen Yi
Published: February 2024

Rationale:

Vascular complications associated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) increase the in-hospital mortality. Perforation of the inferior vena cava (IVC) during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) cannulation and subsequent emergency management prior to vascular surgery has rarely been reported.

Patient concerns:

A 72-year-old female was diagnosed with IVC perforation caused by venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulation.

Diagnoses:

Abdominal computed tomography venography with 3D reconstruction confirmed that the cannula tip had perforated the abdominal cavity from the conjunction of the iliac vein and IVC. As a result, the patient was diagnosed with inferior vena cava perforation.

Interventions:

Attempts to reposition the dislocated cannula using digital subtraction angiography were unsuccessful. However, we found that ECMO could maintain a stable blood flow; therefore, we decided to keep ECMO running, and to minimize blood loss from the puncture site, we ensured adequate blood transfusion while operating V-V ECMO. Subsequently, emergency laparotomy was performed to fix the vascular lesion, and we established a new V-V ECMO circuit through cannulation of the bilateral internal jugular veins.

Outcomes:

In the case of confirmed V-V ECMO-related vascular perforation of the IVC, it is crucial to continue ECMO device operation to maintain negative pressure in the IVC and position the dislocated catheter to block the perforation site, effectively controlling bleeding. Therefore, emergency laparotomy should be promptly performed for vascular repair. Fortunately, the patient recovered successfully and was subsequently discharged.

Lessons:

This case highlights several important lessons: When advancing a cannula, in this case, it is essential to first identify the guidewire placement to ensure proper guidance; In the event of a confirmed V-V ECMO-related vascular perforation of the IVC, maintaining negative pressure in the IVC through continued ECMO device operation and positioning the dislocated catheter to block the perforation site are crucial steps to control bleeding prior to emergency open vascular repair; After undergoing vascular repair, if ECMO support is still necessary, it is advisable to opt for a catheterization strategy that avoids previously repaired blood vessels.
Bibliometric analysis of extracorporeal shock wave therapy for tendinopathy
Authors: Ji Haoyuan , Liu Haitao , Han Wenxiu , Xia Yingjian , Liu Feiyue
Published: February 2024

Background:

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a mature, conservative treatment modality for tendinopathy. Although many relevant studies have been conducted, systematic bibliometric studies are lacking. This study aimed to identify trends and hotspots in the treatment of tendinopathy using ESWT.

Methods:

A literature search was conducted on ESWT for tendinopathy using the Web of Science Core Collection with a search period of 2002 to 2022. Of 559 identified studies, 276 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using CiteSpace software.

Results:

The results showed that from 2002 to 2022, the publication rate of literature on ESWT for tendinopathy was generally increasing. Research hotspots, such as tendinopathy and calcific rotator cuff deposits, began earlier but continued to receive scholarly attention. Research on animal models and molecular mechanisms has progressed slowly in this field. The combined or comparative effectiveness of injectable and supplement-based treatments with ESWT is a popular research topic.

Conclusion:

Pain management in patients with tendinopathy has received considerable attention. Simultaneously, more clinical indicators of energy levels and pulse parameters during ESWT are needed to provide more scientific and accurate treatment for patients.
The effect of gemigliptin treatment on immune parameters including regulatory T cells in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate to very severe chronic renal impairment
Authors: Kim Yanghyeon , Lee Nagyeom , Heo Sujung , Kim Ye Na , Shin Ho Sik , Jung Yeonsoon , Rim Hark
Published: February 2024

It is crucial to understand the impact of DPP-4 inhibitors on the immune system, particularly T cell differentiation, maturation, and proliferation, in patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD. This prospective observational study aimed to investigate the distribution of immune cells (particularly regulatory T cells), following the administration of gemigliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. We enrolled 28 patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 20 to 69, who had been taking a daily dose of 50mg gemigliptin for <3 months and had chronic kidney disease stages 3, 4, or 5, including that undergoing dialysis. T regulatory cells were defined as CD4 + CD25 high CD127 low/- FoxP3 + phenotype, and flow cytometry was used to examine the distribution of T regulatory cells. In the patient group, blood samples were collected at baseline, as well as at 3 and 6 months after initiating medication. Of the 28 patients, 17 (60.7%) were male and the mean age was 61.82 ± 8.03 years. Serum Cr ≥ 1.5 mg/dL was 16 (57%), and Cr < 1.5 mg/dL was 12 (43%). The number of CD4(+)/CD25(+) cells did not significantly increase or decrease in baseline, 3 months, and 6 months time changes, and the number of CD127(-/FoxP3(+) cells did not change significantly. Treatment with gemigliptin for 3 and 6 months did not significantly alter the number, percentage, or ratio of circulating Treg cells in patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD. Therefore, the administration of gemigliptin may help maintain regulatory T cells or have no significant impact.
Characteristic early changes of Glu and Cho in brain regions affected by different types of subjective cognitive decline and their clinical significance
Authors: Zeng Zhen , He Jing , Yao Tao
Published: February 2024

To discuss the early changes of Glu and Cho in the affected areas of different types of subjective cognitive decline, including amnestic MCI (aMCl), non-amnestic MCI (naMCI) and vascular cognitive impairment no dementia (VCIND), using Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) technology. Routine head MRI and lH-MRS examinations were performed on 50 clearly diagnosed aMCI patients, 44 naMCI patients, 44 VCIND patients, and 44 elderly individuals with normal cognitive function. Measure the volume of the patient bilateral hippocampus. Using the bilateral hippocampus, left posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG), and frontal lobe as regions of interest, the scope under the peak of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline complex (Cho), glutamate (Glu), Metabolic Images (mI), and creatine (Cr) was tested. Perform a correlation analysis between the NAA/Cho/Cr values of the VCIND group and the MoCA score. All experimental subjects were right-handed. The NAACr values in both hippocampus of the VCIND were greatly lower than those in control (P < .05). The NAA/Cr values on both sides of the VCIND were correlated with the MoCA score (P < .05). The NAA/Cr values in the LHp and PCG of subjects in the aMCI and naMCI groups were lower than those in the NC group (P < .05). The NAA/Cr values in the left frontal lobe of the aMCI and naMCI showed no obvious decrease compared to the NC. The Glu/Cr of subjects in the aMCI was lower in the left PCG than those in the naMCI and NC (P < .05). The discrepancy between the naMCI and the NC was P > .05. In the LHp and frontal lobe, in contrast with the naMCI and NC, the mI/Cr values in the LHp and PCG of subjects in the aMCI were higher (P < .05). In the left frontal lobe, relative to the aMCI and NC, the mI/Cr values in the naMCI were higher (P < .05). The changes in the concentration of 1H-MRS metabolites in the hippocampus can indicate the presence of hippocampal neuronal damage before morphological changes occur in the hippocampus. 1H-MRS NAA/Cr can reflect the cognitive function changes of patients to a certain extent. There are regional differences in mI and Glu metabolism in the brain between aMCI and naMCI groups. 1H-MRS provides an effective basis for clinical differentiation between aMCI and naMCI.
CAV1 and KRT5 are potential targets for prostate cancer
Authors: Guo Liuxiong , Liu Yixuan , Yang Tao , Wang Gang , Liu Junjiang , Li Suwei , Liu Bin , Cai Jianhui
Published: February 2024

Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumor of male urogenital system that occurs in prostate epithelium. However, relationship between CAV1 and KRT5 and prostate cancer remains unclear. The prostate cancer datasets GSE114740 and GSE200879 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus generated by GPL11154 and GPL32170. De-batch processing was performed, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. The construction and analysis of protein–protein interaction network, functional enrichment analysis, gene set enrichment analysis. Gene expression heat map was drawn and immune infiltration analysis was performed. Comparative toxicogenomics database analysis were performed to find the disease most related to core gene. In addition, the cell experiment was performed to verify the role of CAV1 and KRT5 by western blot. Divided into 4 groups: control, prostate cancer, prostate cancer-over expression, and prostate cancer- knock out. TargetScan screened miRNAs that regulated central DEGs; 770 DEGs were identified. According to Gene Ontology analysis, they were mainly concentrated in actin binding and G protein coupled receptor binding. In Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome analysis, they were mainly concentrated in PI3K-Akt signal pathway, MAPK signal pathway, and ErbB signal pathway. The intersection of enrichment terms of differentially expressed genes and GOKEGG enrichment terms was mainly concentrated in ErbB signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. Three important modules were generated. The protein–protein interaction network obtained 8 core genes (CAV1, BDNF, TGFB3, FGFR1, PRKCA, DLG4, SNAI2, KRT5). Heat map of gene expression showed that core genes (CAV1, TGFB3, FGFR1, SNAI2, KRT5) are highly expressed in prostate cancer tissues and low in normal tissues. Comparative toxicogenomics database analysis showed that core genes (CAV1, TGFB3, FGFR1, SNAI2, KRT5) were associated with prostate tumor, cancer, tumor metastasis, necrosis, and inflammation. CAV1 and KRT5 are up-regulated in prostate cancer. CAV1 and KRT5 are highly expressed in prostate cancer. The higher expression of CAV1 and KRT5, the worse prognosis.
Evaluation of finger strength and spasticity in hemiplegic patients using hand-finger robotic device: A validity and reliability study
Authors: Adar Sevda , Demircan Ali , Akçin Ali İzzet , Dündar Ümit , Toktaş Hasan , Yeşil Hilal , Eroğlu Selma , Eyvaz Nuran , Beştaş Ersin , Köseoğlu Toksoy Cansu
Published: February 2024

We aimed to investigate the validity, reliability, and clinical relevance of Amadeo hand-finger robotic rehabilitation system measurements for evaluating spasticity and strength in hemiplegic patients. In total, 161 participants (107 hemiplegic patients and 54 sex- and age-matched healthy controls) were included in this study. Spasticity was evaluated using the Modified Ashworth Scale, hand motor functions were evaluated using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Hand Subscale, and hand grip and pinch strength were evaluated using the Jamar hand grip and pinch dynamometer. The Amadeo (Tyromotion) hand-finger robotic rehabilitation system was used to evaluate finger spasticity and strength of the participants. A statistically significant difference was found between the median values of the Modified Ashworth Scale (both clinical and robotic evaluation results) and the mean values of hand flexor and extensor strength measured with the robotic device in patients compared to healthy subjects (P < .01). Statistically, excellent agreement was obtained between the clinical and robotic test-retest results of the scale (P < .01) (intra-class correlation coefficient, ICC = .98–.99; ICC = .98–.99, respectively). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the clinical and robotic device results of the Modified Ashworth Scale (r = .72; P < .01). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the hand strength values measured with the robotic device, Jamar grip, pinch, and Fugl-Meyer Assessment Hand Subscale scores (P < .01) in the patient group. Hand finger spasticity and strength measurements of the Amadeo hand-finger robotic rehabilitation system were valid, reliable, and clinically correlated in stroke patients.
Effect of basiliximab use on the risk of postoperative infection and death after heart transplantation: An observational study
Authors: Liu Fangxu , Chen Renzheng , Zhou Entao , Wu Songzhe , Liu Tao
Published: February 2024

Heart transplantation (HT) has become the preferred treatment for end-stage heart disease, but postoperative complications such as infection still threaten the prognosis of HT patients. Basiliximab can help minimize immune rejection. However, there is a lack of relevant information to compare the prognosis of different immunosuppression regimens. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with death and infection after HT surgery. We also provide some insightful information on the administration of basiliximab to improve the prognosis of HT patients. In total, 70 patients were included in this retrospective observational study. All participants underwent primary HT and were administered immunosuppressive agents postoperatively. Of these, 38 received additional basiliximab. There was a 6-month follow-up period after HT during which clinical outcomes were monitored. Logistic regression and cox-proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between basiliximab use and the clinical outcomes of HT. Logistic regression analysis revealed that basiliximab use (odds ratio [OR] = 0.07, P = .014) was an independent risk factor for death after HT. d-Dimer (OR = 9.05, P = .002) and basiliximab use (OR = 0.15, P = .004) were independent risk factors for death after HT. Moreover, patients treated with basiliximab had shorter hospital lengths of stay (23.58 ± 13.89 vs 39.41 ± 24.43, P = .001) and intensive care unit lengths of stay (4.76 ± 2.85 vs 11.25 ± 5.79, P < .001). Furthermore, patients administered basiliximab had lower rates of death (1 [5.4%] vs 9 [28.1%], P = .007) and infection (6 [15.8%] vs 19 [59.4%], P < .001). The postoperative survival rate (hazard ratio 0.08, 95% confidence interval 0.01–0.65, P = .018) and survival against infection (hazard ratio 0.24, 95% confidence interval 0.09–0.64, P = .004) were significantly higher among patients receiving basiliximab treatment than among those not receiving treatment. Our study showed that basiliximab use was closely associated with the rate of postoperative death and infection after HT. HT patients with additional basiliximab administration as immunosuppressive treatment had a better clinical prognosis.
Identification and subtype analysis of biomarkers associated with the solute carrier family in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Qi Zhirui , Pu Yunfei , Guo Haiyang , Tang Wenwu , Xiong Yilin , Ran Boli
Published: February 2024

The dysregulation of some solute carrier (SLC) proteins has been linked to a variety of diseases, including diabetes and chronic kidney disease. However, SLC-related genes (SLCs) has not been extensively studied in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The GSE66360 and GSE60993 datasets, and SLCs geneset were enrolled in this study. Differentially expressed SLCs (DE-SLCs) were screened by overlapping DEGs between the AMI and control groups and SLCs. Next, functional enrichment analysis was carried out to research the function of DE-SLCs. Consistent clustering of samples from the GSE66360 dataset was accomplished based on DE-SLCs selected. Next, the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed on the DEGs-cluster (cluster 1 vs cluster 2). Three machine learning models were performed to obtain key genes. Subsequently, biomarkers were obtained through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and expression analysis. Then, the immune infiltration analysis was performed. Afterwards, single-gene GSEA was carried out, and the biomarker-drug network was established. Finally, quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify the expression levels of biomarkers. In this study, 13 DE-SLCs were filtered by overlapping 366 SLCs and 448 DEGs. The functional enrichment results indicated that the genes were implicated with amino acid transport and TNF signaling pathway. After the consistency clustering analysis, the samples were classified into cluster 1 and cluster 2 subtypes. The functional enrichment results showed that DEGs-cluster were implicated with chemokine signaling pathway and so on. Further, SLC11A1 and SLC2A3 were identified as SLC-related biomarkers, which had the strongest negative relationship with resting memory CD4 T cells and the strongest positive association with activated mast cells. In addition, the single-gene GSEA results showed that cytosolic ribosome was enriched by the biomarkers. Five drugs targeting SLC2A3 were predicted as well. Lastly, the experimental results showed that the biomarkers expression trends were consistent with public database. In this study, 2 SLC-related biomarkers (SLC11A1 and SLC2A3) were screened and drug predictions were carried out to explore the prediction and treatment of AMI.
Association between physical activity levels and anxiety or depression among college students in China during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Hongchang , Fu Chengjie , Zhang Xiaoxia , Li Wenchao
Published: February 2024

Background:

This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the links between the level of physical activity and the risk of anxiety or depression among college students in China during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic.

Methods:

Eligible studies were searched from the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. The associations between them were assessed with odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The heterogeneity of the included studies was evaluated and subgroup analysis was performed. Sensitivity analysis was executed using leave-one-out method. Publication bias of included studies was evaluated. Ten studies with moderate quality were included.

Results:

Physical activity levels of college students were associated with reduced risk of depression (OR [95%CI] = 0.69 [0.58, 0.82], P < .001) and anxiety (OR [95%CI] = 0.71 [0.62, 0.80], P < .001). The measurement scale of depression or anxiety and whether multi-factor correction was performed or not did not influence the pooled results. The pooled results of depression and anxiety were stable and were not significantly influenced by a single study. No publication bias was observed in the included studies reporting depression and anxiety.

Conclusion:

The physical activity level of college students is negatively correlated with anxiety and depression in China during the pandemic. During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of university physical education courses. As an organized form of physical activity, physical education classes are a necessary and effective way to increase physical activity among college students.