bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of conditioned autologous serum therapy (Orthokine®) on the dorsal root ganglion in patients with chronic radiculalgia: study protocol for a prospective randomized placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial (RADISAC trial)
Authors: Homs Marta , Milà Raimon , Valdés Ricard , Blay David , Borràs Rosa Maria , Parés David
Published: November 2023

Background

Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) treatment on the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) has been proposed as a good option for the treatment of persistent radicular pain based on its effect of neuromodulation on neuropathic pain. Autologous conditioned serum (ACS) therapy is a conservative treatment based on the patient’s own blood. The aim of this manuscript is to develop a study protocol using ACS on the DRG as a target for its molecular modulation.

Methods

We plan to conduct a randomized controlled study to compare the efficacy of PRF therapy plus ACS versus PRF therapy plus physiological saline 0.9% (PhS) on the DRG to reduce neuropathic pain in patients with persistent lower limb radiculalgia (LLR) and to contribute to the functional improvement and quality of life of these patients.

Study participants will include patients who meet study the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Eligible patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to one of treatment with PRF plus ACS (experimental group) or PRF plus PhS (placebo group). The study group will consist of 70 patients (35 per group) who have experienced radicular pain symptoms for ≥ 6 months’ duration who have failed to respond to any therapy. Both groups will receive PRF on the DRG treatment before the injection of the sample (control or placebo). Patient assessments will occur at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after therapy.

The primary efficacy outcome measure is Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) responders from baseline to 12 months of follow-up using validated minimal important change (MIC) thresholds. A reduction of ≥ 2 points in NPRS is considered a clinically significant pain relief.

The secondary efficacy outcome measure is the proportion of Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Scale (ODS) responders from baseline to 12 months of follow-up in the experimental group (PRF plus ACS) versus the placebo group (PRF plus PhS). ODS responders are defined as those patients achieving the validated MIC of ≥ 10-point improvement in ODS from baseline to 12 months of follow-up as a clinically significant efficacy threshold.

Discussion

This prospective, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study will provide level I evidence of the safety and effectiveness of ACS on neuropathic symptoms in LLR patients.

Trial registration {2a}{2b}

EUDRACT number: 2021–005124-38. Validation date: 13 November 2021. Protocol version {3}: This manuscript presents the 2nd protocol version.
Pathogenetic detection, retrospective and pathogenicity analysis of a fatal case of Vibrio vulnificus in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Xu Shiqin , Wu Jinsong , Jin Ying , Ji Liyin , Zou Xuan , Hu Qinghua , Feng Tiejian , Wu Shuang , Jiang Yixiang , Chen Qiongcheng , Lu Huiqun , Qiu Shuxiang , Chen Huaisheng , Jiang Min , Cai Rui , Qiu Yaqun , Shi Xiaolu
Published: November 2023

We report a 36-year-old male patient died of V. vulnificus-induced septicaemia and multiple organ failure syndrome after oyster consumption at a restaurant. We isolated and identified V. vulnificus vv16015 from the patient’s blood sample and antibiotic susceptibility tests indicated sensitivity to all 21 antibiotics. Oyster samples were subsequently collected from the restaurant’s supplier and three strains of V. vulnificus were isolated. Whole genome sequencing and analysis revealed vv16015 to be distantly related to these strains and confirmed that V. vulnificus contamination was present in the seafood of the restaurant and supplier. Using a Galleria mellonella larvae infection model, the virulence of vv16015 was determined to be higher than that of comparison strains isolated from a surviving patient (vv15018) and an oyster (vv220015). The human and environment distribution of V. vulnificus in Shenzhen is sporadic and heterogeneous, and vv16015 is highly virulent compared to other strains.
Caudal regression syndrome type 1 with minimally invasive computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging autopsy: a case report
Authors: Ayoub Mira , Dixon Chanae , Byrd Sharon E. , Bowker Rakhee M.
Published: November 2023

Background

Caudal regression syndrome is a rare complex congenital anomaly with reduced penetrance and phenotypic variability characterized by osseous defects of the caudal spine, lower limb anomalies, and accompanying genitourinary, gastrointestinal/anorectal, and cardiac system soft tissue defects. We report a rare presentation of type 1 caudal regression syndrome in a pregnant woman with preexisting diabetes, in which early recognition of severe fetal anomalies on routine antenatal ultrasound facilitated confirmation with fetal magnetic resonance imaging to characterize extent of disease and prognosticate fetal outcome.

Case presentation

This case of type 1 caudal regression syndrome in the setting of maternal pregestational diabetes mellitus resulted in stillbirth. The mother was a 29-year-old Caucasian primigravida female with past medical history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes managed with metformin prior to pregnancy, prompting admission for glucose management and initiation of insulin at 13 weeks. Baseline hemoglobin A1c was high at 8.0%. Fetal ultrasound at 22 weeks was notable for severe sacral agenesis, bilateral renal pelvis dilatation, single umbilical artery, and pulmonary hypoplasia. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging at 29 weeks showed absent lower two-thirds of the spine with corresponding spinal cord abnormality compatible with type 1 caudal regression syndrome. The mother delivered a male stillborn at 39 and 3/7 weeks. Minimally invasive postmortem magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography autopsy were performed to confirm clinical findings when family declined conventional autopsy. Etiology of sacral agenesis was attributed to poorly controlled maternal diabetes early in gestation.

Conclusion

Maternal preexisting diabetes is a known risk factor for development of congenital malformations. This rare case of type 1 caudal regression syndrome in a mother with preexisting diabetes with elevated hemoglobin A1c highlights the importance of preconception glycemic control in diabetic women and the utility of fetal magnetic resonance imaging for confirmation of ultrasound findings to permit accurate prognostication. Additionally, minimally invasive postmortem magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography autopsy can facilitate diagnostic confirmation of clinical findings in perinatal death due to complex congenital anomalies while limiting the emotional burden on bereaved family members who decline conventional autopsy.
Improvement of the conjugation transfer of N. gerenzanensis based on the synergistic effect of quorum sensing and antibiotic interference
Authors: shi Shi , Cheng Yutong , Wang Shuai , Zhang Xiangmei , Han Fubo , Li Xiaojing , Dong Huijun
Published: November 2023

Nonomuraea gerenzanensis (N. gerenzanensis) is known for its ability to biosynthesize A40926, the precursor of the glycopeptide antibiotic (GPA) Dalbavancin. However, challenges and uncertainties related to the genetic manipulation of the rare actinomycetes remain. In order to improve the conjugation transfer of N. gerenzanensis, the crucial factors affecting conjugal transfer were evaluated, including agar medium, mycelial state, donor-recipient ratio, magnesium ion concentration, and antibiotic coverage time firstly. Additionally, γ-butyrolactone (GBL) for quorum sensing (QS) and antibiotics targeting bacterial walls were applied to evaluate their effects on conjugation transfer. As a result, the optimal conditions of 5%TSB of liquid medium, 24 h of the period time, V0.1 of agar medium, 30 mM of magnesium ion, the ratio 10:1 of donor-to-recipient, and 27 h of the overlaying time of antibiotic were determined. Furthermore, the results showed that autoinducer GBL and GPA teicoplanin had a synergetic effect on the conjugation transfer of N. gerenzanensis at a working concentration of 60 µM and 0.5 µg mL−1, respectively. The highest conjugation efficiency could reach about 1.3 depending on the optimal process conditions and the interference of QS and antibiotics.
Influence of different noninvasive oxygenation support devices on tidal volume
Authors: Haudebourg Anne-Fleur , Maraffi Tommaso , Tuffet Samuel , Le Corvoisier Philippe , Mekontso Dessap Armand , Carteaux Guillaume
Published: November 2023

Background

Multiple devices are available for noninvasive oxygenation support, including non-rebreather oxygen mask (O2-mask), high-flow oxygen through nasal cannula (HFNC), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), mask noninvasive ventilation (Mask-NIV) and helmet NIV (Helmet-NIV). As tidal volume is a key determinant of efficacy and safety during ventilatory support, we assessed whether it was influenced by the type of noninvasive oxygenation device.

Methods

A bench study using a manikin with a realistic face connected to a lung simulator was performed. Six conditions were assessed: no device, O2-mask, HFNC, CPAP, Mask-NIV and Helmet-NIV. Three respiratory mechanics were simulated (normal, obstructive, restrictive), at three simulated efforts (low, moderate, respiratory distress). Flow was recorded at the lung simulator inlet and mouth pressure into the manikin mouth. The same devices were evaluated on healthy volunteers with tidal volume assessed by electrical impedance tomography (EIT).

Results

Tidal volume was significantly influenced by oxygenation devices in bench model. As compared to O2-mask, HFNC and CPAP delivered significantly lower tidal volumes (440 ± 352 mL, 414 ± 333 mL and 377 ± 297 mL, respectively), while Mask-NIV or Helmet-NIV were associated with significantly higher tidal volumes (690 ± 321 mL and 652 ± 366 mL, respectively). Tidal volume was strongly correlated with the specific effect of each device on mouth pressure during inspiration: HFNC and CPAP were characterized by a negative PTPmouth (− 0.3 [− 0.8 to − 0.2] and − 0.7 [− 2.2 to − 0.5] cmH2O.sec/cycle, respectively), while Helmet-NIV and Mask-NIV were associated with a positive PTPmouth (4.5 [4.1–4.6] and 6.1 [5.9–7.1] cmH2O.sec/cycle, respectively). Tidal volume was also significantly influenced by oxygenation devices in healthy volunteers, with similar tidal volumes between O2-mask and CPAP (644 [571–764] and 648 [586–770] mL) but higher with HFNC, Mask-NIV and Helmet-NIV (819 [609–918], 1110 [661–1305] and 1086 [833–1243] mL).

Conclusions

Tidal volume is significantly influenced by noninvasive oxygenation support devices, with a strong correlation with the pressure variation generated into the mouth during inspiration. NIV was associated with the highest tidal volumes and CPAP with the lowest ones. Clinical studies are needed to clarify the clinical implications of these effects.
The effect of animal-assisted interventions on the course of neurological diseases: a systematic review
Authors: Mittly Veronika , Farkas-Kirov Cecilia , Zana Ágnes , Szabó Kata , Ónodi-Szabó Veronika , Purebl György
Published: November 2023

Background

In our experience, working with a therapy animal strengthens endurance, maintains motivation, provides a sense of achievement, and boosts overall mental resilience. The aims of this work were to summarize the results of quantitative research on the possibilities of animal-assisted intervention (AAI) among people with neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases and to attempt to assess the effects of animal-assisted interventions in an objective manner and to find supporting evidence based on published literature.

Methods

Our target groups are people diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, or stroke. A systematic search of relevant articles was conducted by two independent researchers in April 2021 and August 2023. The search for studies was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and Ovid databases, specifying keywords and search criteria. The qualitative evaluation of the research reports was conducted by four independent researchers, using the Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Form.

Results

According to the scientific criteria and based on the Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Form, thirteen publications met the search criteria, out of which 9 publications were rated good and 4 publications were rated poor. Evaluating the publications we found evidence that AAI had a measurable impact on participants, as their physical and mental health status significantly improved; however, mental health improvement was more prominent.

Conclusions

By developing evidence-based research methodology and standardized research settings, AAI could be measured effectively as part of health care practice. This would bring significant benefits to the rehabilitation of patients in need.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42021255776.
Hypothetical protein CuvA (Rv1422) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv interacts with uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine as a key precursor of cell wall
Authors: Jeong Yoon Chae , Park Jihyun , Cheon Yu Jeong , Lee Ki Seog
Published: November 2023

Mycobacterium tuberculosis CuvA (Rv1422, MtCuvA) has previously been suggested that it may play a critical role in nutrient utilization and cell wall synthesis required for physiological adaptation in a host cell, but its biochemical details remain unclear. Our previous studies showed that MtCuvA can bind to uridine diphosphate (UDP) sugars as a cell wall precursor component. To verify its functional roles, we report here the biochemical properties of MtCuvA for the binding of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) using site-directed mutagenesis and docking simulation. The KD values for UDP-sugars indicate that MtCuvA prefers to bind UDP-GlcNAc as a physiological ligand compared to UDP-glucose. Mutational studies of MtCuvA showed that H12A, T33A, D36A, Q154A, S196, T199A, N226A, and H298A mutants significantly affected the binding to UDP-GlcNAc. We also observed that UDP, but not GlcNAc, could bind to MtCuvA. These results imply that the presence of UDP moiety in the ligand is necessary for interaction with MtCuvA. Moreover, mutational studies of MtCuvA with UDP showed that residues H12, S196, T199, N226, and H298 may be involved in its binding to the UDP moiety, almost consistent with the docking simulation results. Our results provide an insight into the interaction of MtCuvA with UDP-GlcNAc as a key precursor of peptidoglycan.
Activating transcription factor (ATF) 6 upregulates cystathionine β synthetase (CBS) expression and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) synthesis to ameliorate liver metabolic damage
Authors: Dong Bingzi , Sun Ying , Cheng Bingfei , Xue Yu , Li Wei , Sun Xiaofang
Published: November 2023

Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) is an endoplasmic reticulum stress responsive gene. We previously reported that conditional knockout of hepatic ATF6 exacerbated liver metabolic damage by repressing autophagy through mTOR pathway. However, the mechanism by which ATF6 influence liver metabolism has not been well established. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous signaling molecule that plays an important role in regulating inflammation, and suppress nonalcoholic fatty liver in mice. Based on the previous study, we assumed that ATF6 may regulate H2S production to participate in liver metabolism. In order to clarify the mechanism by which ATF6 regulates H2S synthesis to ameliorate liver steatosis and inflammatory environment, we conducted the present study. We used the liver specific ATF6 knockout mice and fed on high-fat-diet, and found that H2S level was significantly downregulated in hepatic ATF6 knockout mice. Restoring H2S by the administration of slow H2S releasing agent GYY4137 ameliorated the hepatic steatosis and glucose tolerance. ATF6 directly binds to the promoter of cystathionine β synthetase (CBS), an important enzyme in H2S synthesis. Thus, ATF6 could upregulate H2S production through CBS. Sulfhydrated Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) was downregulated in ATF6 knockout mice. The expression of pro-inflammatory factor IL-17A was upregulated and anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 was downregulated in ATF6 knockout mice. Our results suggest that ATF6 can transcriptionally enhance CBS expression as well as H2S synthesis. ATF6 increases SIRT1 sulfhydration and ameliorates lipogenesis and inflammation in the fatty liver. Therefore, ATF6 could be a novel therapeutic strategy for high-fat diet induced fatty liver metabolic abnormalities.
Multi-site microbiota alteration is a hallmark of kidney stone formation
Authors: Al Kait F. , Joris Benjamin R. , Daisley Brendan A. , Chmiel John A. , Bjazevic Jennifer , Reid Gregor , Gloor Gregory B. , Denstedt John D. , Razvi Hassan , Burton Jeremy P.
Published: November 2023

Background

Inquiry of microbiota involvement in kidney stone disease (KSD) has largely focussed on potential oxalate handling abilities by gut bacteria and the increased association with antibiotic exposure. By systematically comparing the gut, urinary, and oral microbiota of 83 stone formers (SF) and 30 healthy controls (HC), we provide a unified assessment of the bacterial contribution to KSD.

Results

Amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing approaches were consistent in identifying multi-site microbiota disturbances in SF relative to HC. Biomarker taxa, reduced taxonomic and functional diversity, functional replacement of core bioenergetic pathways with virulence-associated gene markers, and community network collapse defined SF, but differences between cohorts did not extend to oxalate metabolism.

Conclusions

We conclude that multi-site microbiota alteration is a hallmark of SF, and KSD treatment should consider microbial functional restoration and the avoidance of aberrant modulators such as poor diet and antibiotics where applicable to prevent stone recurrence.
The association between adolescents’ self-esteem and perceived mental well-being in Sweden in four years of follow-up
Authors: Carlén Kristina , Suominen Sakari , Augustine Lilly
Published: November 2023

Background

The situation concerning adolescent mental health is a global public health concern, and the concept includes the ability to cope with problems of everyday life. A person’s approach and attitude towards themselves, i.e., their self-esteem, affects mental health. The study aimed to appraise and deepen the scientific understanding of adolescents’ self-reported self-esteem at age 12−13 from a resource perspective and test its ability to predict subsequent perceived mental well-being at age 17.

Methods

Data from the Longitudinal Research on Development in Adolescence (LoRDIA) prospective follow-up study of adolescents aged 12−13, and 17 (n = 654) were analysed using ANCOVA. The outcome variable, perceived mental well-being (MWB), covers the aspects of mental well-being inspired by the “Mental Health Continuum,” representing positive mental health. Covariates were self-esteem (SE) and reported initially perceived MWB at age 12−13. Other independent explanatory variables were gender, the family’s economy, and the mother’s educational level.

Results

Self-esteem appeared relatively stable from 12−13 to 17 years (M = 20.7 SD = 5.8 vs. M = 20.5 SD = 1.7). There was a significant but inverted U – shaped association between SE at age 12–13 and perceived MWB at age 17 [F (1, 646) = 19.02, β-0.057; CI -0.08−-0.03, Eta = 0.03, p = .000]. Intermediate but not strong SE predicted significantly good MWB. When conducting the ANCOVA for boys and girls separately, only the mother’s educational level was significantly positively associated with perceived MWB of girls.

Conclusions

Good self-esteem in early adolescence increases the likelihood of an unchanged favourable development of self-esteem and the probability of good perceived mental well-being. SE explained 18 per cent of the variation of MWB, and even more among girls. However, normal SE rather than high SE at 12 and 13 years is predictive of later mental well-being. Girls reported low self-esteem more often. Therefore, supporting self-esteem early in life can promote mental well-being in adolescence.
Anthropometric screening approach for obstructive sleep apnea in Japanese men: development and validation of the ABC scale
Authors: Hirasawa Toshiyuki , Kobayashi Mina , Nakayama Hideaki , Yanagihara Mariko , Inoue Yuichi
Published: November 2023

Background

The existing screening tools for the detection of moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are tailored to Western individuals. The aim of this study was to formulate and validate a simple anthropometric tool for OSA screening in a Japanese male population by incorporating objective indicators obtained during routine medical checkups.

Methods

In total, 443 Japanese men, who were suspected of having OSA and visited our sleep disorder clinic from 2009 to 2012, were retrospectively divided into two groups (development group [DG], n = 206; validation group [VG], n = 237). In the DG, OSA was defined as an apnea–hypopnea index of ≥ 15 events/h. Data regarding clinical and anthropometric variables (age, body mass index [BMI], neck circumference [NC], waist circumference [WC]) were obtained. For parameters that were associated with OSA on simple logistic regression analysis, cutoff values were calculated with receiver operating characteristic curves to create a new screening tool. The utility of the tool was evaluated in the VG and compared to that of the modified Berlin questionnaire (mBQ) for OSA.

Results

Age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.033, p = 0.002), BMI (OR = 1.231, p < 0.001), NC (OR = 1.327, p < 0.001), and WC (OR = 1.083, p < 0.001) were significant risk factors for OSA in the DG. Cutoff values for the prediction of OSA were age: ≥ 46.5 years, BMI: ≥ 25.45 kg/m2, NC: ≥ 38.35 cm, and WC: ≥ 90.75 cm. Our screening tool, incorporating age, BMI, and WC, yielded 70.1% sensitivity (mBQ: 85.4%) and 66.0% specificity (mBQ: 35.0%) in the VG.

Conclusions

OSA screening in Japanese men has been conducted only in limited settings such as sleep clinics. The study findings support the implementation of screening in medical checkups using objective indices to enable early detection and treatment of OSA.
Role of the Degree of Vascular Invasion in Predicting Prognosis of Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Yamazaki Haruhiko , Sugino Kiminori , Katoh Ryohei , Matsuzu Kenichi , Kitagawa Wataru , Nagahama Mitsuji , Rino Yasushi , Saito Aya , Ito Koichi
Published: November 2023

Objective

The present study investigated the prognostic factors for follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) with the incorporation of the histologic subtype and degree of vascular invasion (VI).

Patients

The records of 474 patients with FTC confirmed by surgical specimens at Ito Hospital from January 2005 to December 2014 were reviewed in this retrospective cohort study. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine factors associated with disease-free survival (DFS) and distant metastasis-free survival.

Results

Of the 474 patients, 140 (30%) had minimally invasive FTC, 260 (55%) had encapsulated angio-invasive FTC, and 74 (16%) had widely invasive FTC. Among the 428 patients with M0 FTC, the 10-year DFS rates of patients with minimally invasive FTC (n = 133), encapsulated angio-invasive FTC (n = 247), and widely invasive FTC (n = 48) were 97.3%, 84.2%, and 69.9% (P < .001), respectively. A multivariate analysis identified aged ≥55 years (hazard ratio [HR], 2.204; 95% CI, 1.223-3.969; P = .009), histologic subtype (HR, 2.068; 95% CI, 1.064-4.021; P = .032), VI of ≥2 (HR, 6.814; 95% CI, 3.157-14.710; P < .001), and tumor size >40 mm (HR, 2.014; 95% CI, 1.089-3.727; P = .026) as independent negative prognostic factors for DFS.

Conclusion

Our study results may enable us to stratify the prognosis of FTC more accurately by combining the histologic subtype with the degree of VI ≥2, aged ≥55 years, and tumor size >40 mm.
Call 4 Concern: the impact of a patient-and-relative-activated service
Authors: Cornell Lisa , Datson Kirsty
Published: November 2023

The aim of this project was to introduce and evaluate the Call 4 Concern© (C4C) service, which provides patients and relatives with direct access to critical care outreach services (CCOS). This allows patients and relatives an additional platform to raise concerns related to the clinical condition and facilitate early recognition of a deteriorating patient. The introduction of Call 4 Concern at a district general hospital was inspired by the Royal Berkshire Hospital, where staff have been pioneering the service in the UK since 2009. They were able to demonstrate the potential to prevent clinical deterioration and improve the patients' and relatives' experiences. The project was originally inspired by the Condition H(elp) system in the USA, which was set up following the death of an 18-month-old child who died of preventable causes. Similar tragic cases in the USA and the UK have prompted campaigning by affected families, resulting in the widespread adoption of comparable services. The project was rolled out in the authors' trust for all adult inpatients. There was a 2-week implementation phase to raise awareness. Between 22 February 2022 and 22 February 2023, the CCOS team received 39 C4C referrals, representing approximately 2.13% of the total CCOS activity. Clinical deterioration of a patient was prevented in at least three cases, alongside overwhelming positive feedback from service users.
Irritable bowel syndrome and endometriosis: diagnosis, similarities, and nutritional management
Authors: Henggeler Cordula
Published: November 2023

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and endometriosis pose significant challenges to affected individuals. IBS, which is a functional gastrointestinal disorder, affects 5–10% of the population, while endometriosis affects 1 in 10 of those assigned female at birth. Despite distinct origins, symptom often overlap, which may lead to misdiagnosis. Diagnosing IBS and endometriosis requires a comprehensive approach. Nutritional management for IBS emphasises self-help strategies, nutritional changes and gut–brain axis modulation. The low FODMAP diet, which reduces the intake of foods containing specific types of carbohydrate, can be effective but requires the support of trained health professionals. For the management of endometriosis, a Mediterranean-style diet rich in antioxidants shows promise. Gastrointestinal symptoms are common with endometriosis and an individualised approach is recommended. Furthermore, vitamin D status assessment is advised. Collaboration between health professionals and dietitians is vital for tailored interventions, to enhance the wellbeing of individuals with IBS or endometriosis. A holistic approach holds promise in symptom management for both conditions.
Decisions, Assessment, Risk and Evidence in Social Work conference moves from Belfast to Zurich
Authors: Taylor Brian J. , Killick Campbell , McGlade Anne , Gautschi Joel
Published: November 2023

The biennial conferences on Decisions, Assessment, Risk and Evidence in Social Work have reached a new milestone. Running in Belfast since 2010, the 2024 conference will be held in Zurich, Switzerland, 20–21 June. This article describes the journey to date and provides information for those interested in attending future conferences. This short article also includes some reflective comment on the contribution of the Decisions, Assessment, Risk and Evidence in Social Work conferences to learning and to the research community.
Gastrofashion: From Haute Cuisine to Haute Couture, Adam Geczy and Vicki Karaminas (2022)
Authors: Rössig Lara
Published: November 2023

Review of: Gastrofashion: From Haute Cuisine to Haute Couture, Adam Geczy and Vicki Karaminas (2022)

London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 248 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-35014-750-8, p/bk, $32.35
Rei Kawakubo: For and against Fashion, Rex Butler (ed.) (2022)
Authors: Stwodah Hawa
Published: November 2023

Review of: Rei Kawakubo: For and against Fashion, Rex Butler (ed.) (2022)

London and New York: Bloomsbury Visual Arts, 236 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-35011-822-5, h/bk, $115.00
Muscle fatigue, bioenergetic responses and metabolic economy during load‐ and velocity‐based maximal dynamic contractions in young and older adults
Authors: Fitzgerald Liam F. , Bartlett Miles F. , Kent Jane A.
Published: November 2023

We evaluated whether task‐dependent, age‐related differences in muscle fatigue (contraction‐induced decline in normalized power) develop from differences in bioenergetics or metabolic economy (ME; mass‐normalized work/mM ATP). We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify intracellular metabolites in vastus lateralis muscle of 10 young and 10 older adults during two maximal‐effort, 4‐min isotonic (20% maximal torque) and isokinetic (120°s−1) contraction protocols. Fatigue, inorganic phosphate (Pi), and pH (p ≥ 0.213) differed by age during isotonic contractions. However, older had less fatigue (p ≤ 0.011) and metabolic perturbation (lower [Pi], greater pH; p ≤ 0.031) than young during isokinetic contractions. ME was lower in older than young during isotonic contractions (p ≤ 0.003), but not associated with fatigue in either protocol or group. Rather, fatigue during both tasks was linearly related to changes in [H+], in both groups. The slope of fatigue versus [H+] was 50% lower in older than young during isokinetic contractions (p ≤ 0.023), consistent with less fatigue in older during this protocol. Overall, regardless of age or task type, acidosis, but not ME, was the primary mechanism for fatigue in vivo. The source of the age‐related differences in contraction‐induced acidosis in vivo remains to be determined, as does the apparent task‐dependent difference in the sensitivity of muscle to [H+].
A two-stage parallel hybrid method for power system dynamic security assessment
Authors: Kyesswa Michael , Çakmak Hüseyin K. , Kühnapfel Uwe , Hagenmeyer Veit
Published: November 2023

The present paper introduces a hybrid method based on both the Lyapunov’s direct approach using the Potential Energy Boundary Surface method and parallel time-domain simulation for fast power system dynamic security assessment. The main contribution in the presented method is an approach that combines the directional derivative of the potential energy function and the maximum potential energy criterion in order to reduce the conservativeness in the estimation of the stability region at the direct method stage. For detailed investigation of the critical contingencies, a parallel approach is applied at the time-domain simulation stage. From the simulation results, the proposed method achieves a high level of accuracy in classifying network contingencies and shows great computational performance potential in light of the requirement for fast dynamic security assessment.
Enhancing dynamic security assessment in converter dominated distribution networks through digital twin-based small signal stability analysis
Authors: Cai Hui , Westermann Dirk
Published: November 2023

As renewable energy sources are increasingly integrated and distributed in the power system, the number of converters in the grid is growing. This leads to more and more dynamics in the distribution networks and may result in more frequent disturbances such as voltage fluctuations, power quality problems, etc. To prevent possible threats to the security and stability of the network due to the above issues, Dynamic Security Assessment (DSA) is necessary for a distribution network to ensure its safe and reliable operation. In this work, an innovative approach to DSA using Digital Twin (DT) technology, with a primary focus on small signal stability (SSS) analysis using an eigenvalue method is proposed. The DT of the distribution network is first constructed by incorporating machine learning algorithms and updated in real-time using data from sensors and SCADA systems to accurately represent the behaviour of the physical system. The DT will be used to continuously monitor and assess the stability of the distribution network characterised by the presence of power electronic converters. The DSA then uses SSS to analyse network behaviour under different operating conditions and identify potential risks or disturbances. This can include assessing the impact of sudden changes in load or renewable energy output, detecting potential faults or equipment failures, and identifying potential instabilities in the power system. Numerical case studies are used to verify the viability of the proposed approach. As a result, by integrating a DT into the DSA process for converter-based distribution networks, operators can improve the accuracy and efficiency of their security measures, reduce the risk of outages, and increase the overall reliability of the system.
DC voltage ancillary controller for dynamic security of shunt-compensated microgrids
Authors: Maier Cocco Gabriel , Ecke Bisogno Fábio , Figueiredo de Camargo Robinson , Glende Eric , Wolter Martin
Published: November 2023

Modern power systems require special features from the distributed energy resources especially to meet the power quality and dynamic security. The distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) has a safe DC voltage operating range that is often unexplored. Self-excited induction generators (SEIGs) with a shunt DSTATCOM is a well-known solution for low-power, low-cost generation. These systems may have poor robustness against surges and contingencies. This paper proposes an ancillary controller as a supplement in the shunt compensation of an off-grid distributed generation system powered by SEIGs. The controller consists of a variable structure that uses an adequate DC bus capacitor voltage range to provide fast frequency response (FFR) with soft recovery. The control performance for fault rejection is evaluated as well as for load disturbances and generation contingency. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate system operation and compensator performance.
Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction in Sturge–Weber syndrome: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Hadid Somar A. , Noor Laila , Baer Tamar , Jacobson Ronald I. , Brutsaert Erika
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Sturge–Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare neurocutaneous disorder that is characterized by a segmental dermatomal facial port-wine stain birthmark and is frequently accompanied by ipsilateral brain and eye abnormalities. We present a case of a patient with SWS who exhibited hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, growth hormone (GH) deficiency, and central hypothyroidism at the age of 20 despite the absence of radiographic findings in the pituitary and hypothalamus.

Case presentation

A 20-year-old male with SWS with epilepsy and Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome presents with delayed pubertal development, short stature, and obesity. Upon further examination, he was found to have biochemical and clinical evidence of hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, and GH deficiency. A pituitary MRI displayed no abnormalities of the pituitary or hypothalamus. Treatment with testosterone cypionate and levothyroxine was initiated. Despite successful pubertal induction, IGF-1 levels have remained low and treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is now being considered for metabolic benefits.

Conclusions

This case emphasizes the importance of endocrine evaluation and treatment of hormonal deficiencies in patients with SWS despite the absence of radiographic findings.
Nutritional profile of hospitalized children aged 1 to 59 months in the pediatric department of the CHU of Parakou from 2018 to 2020
Authors: A Noudamadjo , Mohamed F Agbeille , MG Kpanidja , M Affo , JD Adédémy , J Agossou
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Malnutrition remains a public health problem affecting especially children. The objective of this study was to describe the nutritional profile of hospitalized children aged 1 to 59 months in the pediatric department of the teaching hospital (CHU) of Parakou in Benin from 2018 to 2020.
Newborn from the third deed with severe Transient Neonatal Myasthenia Gravis: Case report
Authors: González-Gordillo Carla , Esmeralda Orozco-Soto Leslie , Sarmiento-Aguilar Andrea , Prian-Gaudiano Alejandra
Published: November 2023

Case report: Hereby we present a case study of a newborn with severe Transient Neonatal Myasthenia Gravis (TNMG). He had a maternal history of Myasthenia Gravis and the pregnancy was urgently terminated due to loss of fetal well-being. After birth, the newborn presented generalized hypotonia and apnea that required orotracheal intubation. Due to the maternal history and clinical picture, a diagnostic-therapeutic test was performed with intramuscular neostigmine with a transient improvement in respiratory effort. Intravenous immunoglobulin and pyridostigmine were administered, gradually presenting improvement in muscle tone until weaning from mechanical ventilation. Finally, he was discharged to intermediate therapy where he received rehabilitation.
Quantum chemical simulation of acid-base properties of the surface of SnO2 nanoparticles
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Filonenko O. V. , Grebenyuk A. G. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Terebinska M. I. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lobanov V. V. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: November 2023

Molecular models for tin dioxide nanoparticles containing 1-7 metal atoms and coordinated or constitutive water have been constructed. Dependent on the composition of the models, the coordination number of the tin atom varied from 4 to 6, and that of oxygen was 2 or 3. The considered models contained both terminal (Sn–OH) and bridging (Sn–OH–Sn) hydroxyl groups, and also bridging (Sn–O–Sn) groups. Their equilibrium spatial and electronic structures were calculated using the second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory method with the SBKJC valence-only basis set. To assess the gas-phase acidity of the dioxide surface, the deprotonation energy of the studied models was determined. The adsorption energy of water molecules and hydroxide ions on aprotic (incompletely coordinated) tin atoms, which act as Lewis acid centers, was calculated. In order to estimate the pKa value of the surface of tin dioxide, the Gibbs free energy was calculated for the process of formation of ion pairs due to the proton transfer from hydroxyl groups to adsorbed water molecules. Based on the analysis of the energy effects of the coordination of water molecules and of hydroxide ion, the removal of a proton and its transfer on the hydrated surface of tin dioxide, quantitative estimates have been made of the acid-base characteristics of the active sites of the SnO2 surface. The dependence of the acidity of hydroxyl groups and coordinated water molecules on the coordination number of the oxygen atom and the neighboring tin atom, as well as on the dimensions of the cluster model, was revealed. It is shown that the acidity of protonic and aprotic sites naturally decreases with an increase in the coordination number of the tin atom. The method of calculating the value of pKa used in the work for the smallest model of the SnO2×2H2O composition allows one to reproduce the experimental data for stannic acids.
Combination of surface with bulk: hybrids of supercapacitors with Li-ion batteries
Authors:   Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Maletin Y. A. , Chernukhin S. I. ,   Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Stryzhakova N. G. ,   Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kozachkov S. G. ,   Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: November 2023

As it turns out, the right combination of Li-ion and supercapacitor ingredients in both the positive and negative electrodes, as well as in the electrolyte, can significantly improve the characteristics of such a hybridized power supply as compared with “parent” systems. While Li-ion components provide large volumetric energy, the high surface area of nanoporous carbon borrowed from supercapacitor technology provides fast charge-discharge of the corresponding electric double layer and facilitates the intercalation-deintercalation processes in the Li-ion components. This full hybridization of the system can increase the energy density by 10 times that of a supercapacitor while maintaining the relatively high power density, long cycle life, and fast charging characteristics of supercapacitors. In addition, charge-discharge curves and low self-discharge currents become similar to those of Li-ion batteries. Such power supplies with a specific energy of 60+ Wh/kg, a full charge within 5–6 minutes and more than 30 K full charge-discharge cycles can be successfully used, for example, in urban transport or robotics in warehouses where the range is less critical than fast charging capability, long service life and safe operation. This article discusses the methods of full hybridization and the achieved characteristics of electrochemical systems “supercapacitor and Li-ion battery”. Special attention is paid to the “interaction” of the activated carbon surface with the channels in the bulk lithiated metal-oxide material of the electrodes to accelerate the charge-discharge processes.
Optical absorption of composites with metallic nanosized spheroidal particles
Authors:   National University Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic Ukraine, Pavlyshche N. I. , Korotun A. V. ,   National University Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic Ukraine, Kurbatsky V. P. ,   National University Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic Ukraine
Published: November 2023

The paper considers the problem of light absorption by a nanocomposite with randomly oriented metal spheroidal particles-inclusions, provided that the volume content of such inclusions is small. Expressions for the frequency dependences of the effective dielectric function and the absorption coefficient of the metal-dielectric nanocomposite are obtained within the effective medium model taking into account the axial symmetry of spheroidal inclusions. The effective relaxation rate of electrons is introduced using the kinetic approach. Numerical calculations are performed for the cases when inclusion particles have the form of elongated and flattened nanospheroids. The results of the calculations indicate the presence of two maxima of the absorption coefficient, which correspond to longitudinal and transverse surface plasmon resonance. The change in the position and magnitude of the maxima of the frequency dependences of the effective dielectric function and the absorption coefficient with varying the size and shape of the spheroidal particles-inclusions is analyzed. It is shown that the greater the difference in the lengths of the semi-axes of the spheroids, the greater the distance between the maxima of the effective dielectric function and the absorption coefficient, and the shape of the curves depends on the eccentricity of spheroidal inclusions. It has been found that the position of the maxima is significantly influenced by the choice of the material of the inclusion particles and the matrix medium, while the height of the maxima is largely influenced by the shape of the nanoparticles, as well as their volume content in the composite medium. It is proved that, dependent on the material of nanoparticles-inclusions, both maxima of the absorption coefficient can be found in the visible part of the spectrum (for Au inclusions) or in the ultraviolet (for Al inclusions). It is also possible that one maximum lies in the visible part of the spectrum, and the other in the ultraviolet, which is the case for inclusions of Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag.
Fesyen Muslim dan Diplomasi Budaya Indonesia
Authors: Aulia Vira , Siyar Siyar
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan bagaimana strategi diplomasi Indonesia di dunia melalui fesyen muslim. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data dokumentasi dan wawancara. Peneliti menemukan bahwa terdapat tiga strategi diplomasi Indonesia melalui fesyen muslim, yaitu : pertama, mengikuti ajang peragaan busana muslim Indonesia yang mana Kementerian Perindustrian RI memfasilitasi keikutsertaan pelaku usaha IKM dalam pameran peragaan busana luar negeri, seperti : Hongkong Fashion Week, Hongkong Fashion Week Fall/Winter, New York Fashion Week, The International Fair of Muslim World, Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Tokyo. Kedua, Membuat Ajang Peragaan Busana. Selain mengikuti peragaan busana internasional, Indonesia juga membuat ajang peragaan busana muslim dalam maupun luar negeri, seperti Indonesia Modest Fashion Week (IMFW), Muslim Fashion Festival (MUFFEST), La Mode Sur La Seine a Paris. Ketiga, Memasarkan Fesyen Muslim Melalui E-Commerce. Melalui e-Smart IKM, Kemenperin berupaya mempermudah dan memperluas akses pasar IKM melalui pemasaran online melalui marketplace seperti Bukalapak, Tokopedia, Shopee, BliBli, Blanja.com, Ralali, Gojek dan Hijup, dimana Hijup merupakan marketplace tambahan khusus fesyen muslim. Program ini diharapkan
Strategi Patkor Kastima dalam Mencegah Penyelundupan Barang Ilegal di Perbatasan Indonesia-Malaysia Tahun 2015 - 2017
Authors: Ulfa Maria
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini mengangkat isu kerja sama Indonesia-Malaysia di bidang kepabeanan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa patroli laut adalah salah satu metode kerja sama kepabeanan pemerintah Indonesia-Malaysia dalam mencegah penyelundupan barang ilegal. Patroli tersebut dinamakan Patroli Terkoordinasi Kastam Indonesia-Malaysia atau biasa disingkat dengan sebutan Patkor Kastima. Indonesia memiliki sektor operasi patrolinya mulai dari Aceh hingga Batam, sedangkan Malaysia yakni mulai dari Langkawi hingga Johor. Kemudian, Patkor Kastima mampu mencegah masuknya barang ilegal ke Indonesia, serta peningkatan penerimaan negara. Kerja sama tersebut tidak hanya terfokus pada sisi pencegahan saja, melainkan juga untuk menjalin hubungan yang erat serta koordinasi yang baik dengan Malaysia.
KEPENTINGAN INDONESIA TERHADAP PAPUA NEW GUINEA MELALUI JOINT BORDER COMMITTEE (JBC) DI KAWASAN PERBATASAN MERAUKE PADA TAHUN 2018 – 2020
Authors: Putra Muh. Ardhiansyah
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu kepentingan Indonesia terhadap Papua New Guinea melalui Joint Border Committee (JBC) di kawasan perbatasan Merauke pada tahun 2018 – 2020. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dan metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi serta metode analisis data menggunakan model interaksionis Miles dan Huberman. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep kepentingan nasional. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan fakta bahwa kepentingan Indonesia terhadap Papua New Guinea melalui Joint Border Committee (JBC) di kawasan perbatasan Merauke pada tahun 2018 – 2020 adalah upaya untuk melindungi dan mempertahankan kepentingan nasional berupa keutuhan dan kedaulatan serta mengamankan perbatasan negara-bangsa dari gangguan dan ancaman nasional maupun negara lain.