bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review on the Attributes of Resident Satisfaction Measurement in the Facility Management Context
Authors: Ramli A. M. A. , Harun A. Nahar , Haron N. A. , Mohd Nawi M. N.
Published: February 2021

Resident satisfaction with the building maintenance services rendered by the property management company is vital to the quality of people's life in the residential buildings. Resident satisfaction measurement generally depends on the service quality of the building maintenance services offered by the property management company. However, there were too many attributes that have influenced resident satisfaction, as highlighted in previous research. In fact, some of them were duplicated and redundant. Thus, the aim of this paper is to identify and simplify the attributes that contribute to resident satisfaction in the building maintenance services. For this purpose, the researchers carried out a systematic review of the most recent articles from 2009 to 2019. Researchers also have considered a few articles before 2009 with the opinion that articles were useful to support the present study. Researchers conducted content analysis by systematically analysing and reviewing previous research publications on service quality dimensions used for users' satisfaction measurement in the facility management context. Past researches have reported on 45 service quality dimensions that have been considered for users' satisfaction evaluation in the facility management field. The findings showed that the identified attributes suggested in the previous works in the facility management field were for a specific and different types of building. In this paper, the researchers suggest a comprehensive range of 18 service quality dimensions including cleanliness, general maintenance and assurance service quality dimension that are useful for measuring resident satisfaction with building maintenance services of the high-rise residential buildings. This finding will benefit the property management companies with valuable information on the attributes that they could rely on to measure resident satisfaction towards building maintenance services. In fact, it provides a clear understanding of service quality dimensions and facilitates future researchers on the appropriate attributes to be considered in evaluating resident satisfaction with the high-rise residential building maintenance services in their future research.
Clash of the two titans - COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kaushik Priya , Kumari Mithlesh , Bansal Sanjiv Kumar , Singh Naveen Kumar , Dawar Rajni , Sharma Mukesh , Suri Arpita
Published: February 2021

COVID-19 has infected more than 32 million people globally in more than 100 countries. Diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as an important factor involved in the fatal outcomes of COVID-19. Accumulating evidence suggests that that reciprocal relationship may exist between these two raging pandemics, thus making COVID-19 more challenging for people with diabetes. Furthermore, poorly managed glycaemia in diabetes patients leads to increased risk of severe complications and higher mortality rate. The association between COVID-19 severity and DM can be supported by several pathophysiological mechanisms, such as compromised innate immune system, deranged cell-mediated immunity and adipose tissue infiltration of pro-inflammatory macrophages. Exaggerated coagulation and pro-thrombotic milieu in diabetes can predispose to thromboembolic complications associated with fatal outcomes in diabetic patients with COVID-19. Impaired pulmonary function and elevated levels of furin associated with diabetes can increase the chances of COVID-19 infection in patients with diabetes. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 infection can trigger stress hyperglycaemia leading to augmented viral replication and severity of infection associated with poor clinical outcomes in diabetic patients with COVID-19. Endothelial dysfunction associated with virus-induced endothelialitis can lead to organ ischaemia and life-threatening complications associated with COVID-19 with underlying DM. Vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance worsened by SARS-CoV2 can lead to higher mortality and morbidity observed in diabetic patients with COVID-19. Therefore, COVID-19 patients should be adequately monitored for the development of new-onset diabetes, due to deranged glycaemic control, owing to underlying COVID-19 disease, and diabetic patients with COVID-19 should be kept under strict glycaemic control to avoid life-threatening complications.
Consensus Document on Anticoagulant Management of Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Bedi VS , Grover Tarun , Sekhar R , Sekar N
Published: February 2021

Deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) is encountered commonly in clinical practice. Recently, the European Society of Cardiology released guidelines on the diagnosis and management of venous thromboembolism. In this article, the authors reviewed the important aspects of DVT and advised on the clinical diagnosis and management of the same. Further, assessment of bleeding risk, risk of recurrences of DVT, and management of DVT in special situations is reviewed briefly. This will help physicians effectively diagnose and manage DVT in routine practice. Some of the essential clinical pearls include the following. Clinical risk prediction scores such as modified Wells score and Padua prediction score are effective tools used for screening DVT. Along with D-dimer assessment, venous ultrasound is helpful in confirming the DVT in “likely DVT” patients. Anticoagulation should be offered to all the patients diagnosed with DVT. Newer direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) should be preferred. Among four commonly used DOACs, dabigatran and edoxaban use should be preceded by parenteral anticoagulants for at least 10 days without any drug overlap, whereas rivaroxaban and apixaban should be used as single-drug approach. Treatment duration should be 3–6 months and extended treatment should be based on the assessment of risk of bleeding and recurrences. Special situations such as DVT in upper extremity and in the elderly should be managed as recommended otherwise. For DVT pregnancy, low-molecular-weight heparin should be the anticoagulant of choice.
The Role of Triglycerides and Triglyceride/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio as a Positive Predictive Factor in Peripheral Vascular Disease
Authors: Basavanthappa Rajendra Prasad , Mitta Nivedita , Desai Sanjay C , Ramswamy Chandrashekar Anagavalli , Vardhan J P Vivek , Gangadharan Ashwini Naveen , Anandasu Ranjith Kumar , Maruthu Pandian Adharsh Kumar , Kumar Chowdary R Hemanth
Published: February 2021

Background:

High triglycerides (TG) and low High density Lipoproteins (HDL) are established coronary risk predctors (ratio of 3:1 being associated with definite increase in coronary risk). The TG/HDL ratio has also been established as a predictor of major cardio vascular events, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. However, the utility of the same in predicting worsening of peripheral vascular disease remains under-researched.

Aims and Objectives:

We aim at establishing TG/HDL ratio as a predictor of peripheral arterial disease in diabetic patients and to also explore the role of triglycerides and lipid lowering agents, in general, in modifying this risk.

Materials and Methods:

We carried out a cross sectional study enrolling Diabetes Mellitus patients with symptoms suggestive of peripheral vascular disease. We included 304 patients and analyzed their TG levels and TG/HDL ratios stratified as per age, gender and medical history. Relevant statistical analysis was carried out.

Results:

There was a difference in TG levels in men and women who developed serious peripheral vascular events with women having significantly elevated TG levels in comparison to men. The TG/HDL ratio was also found to be 8.06 in women and 7.88 in men. This was statistically significant in comparison to the control group.

Conclusion:

TG/HDL-C ratio, also known as atherogenic index, which is easily obtained by routine biochemical evaluation can be used to prognosticate incidence of peripheral arterial disease in addition to cardiovascular risk. This would serve as an easy Outpatient prognosticating and predictive factor for further assessment and patient education.
Alpha Blocker – A Better Antihypertensive Option for Postendarterectomy Hypertension
Authors: Kumar Vineeth , Ramachandran Sreekumar , Sylaja PN , Pitchai Shivanesan
Published: February 2021

Introduction:

The immediate postoperative hemodynamic alterations occurring after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is called postendarterectomy hypertension (PEH). PEH results in prolonged hospital admission, increased peri-operative morbidity, and mortality. The exact causes of the PEH whether it is due to carotid sinus denervation or due to the increased norepinephrine production in cerebral and peripheral circulation remain unclear.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective analysis of 62 patients who underwent CEA from 2018 to 2019 were carried out by dividing into two groups based on the technique of surgery (conventional CEA [c-CEA], n = 31; eversion CEA [e-CEA], n = 31), and the effect of four class of drugs mainly beta blockers (βBs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and alpha blockers (αBs) were studied for the prevention of PEH.

Results:

72.6% of patients developed PEH irrespective of the technique of surgery (e-CEA n = 25 c-CEA n = 20;P= 0.15). The mean postoperative dose of antihypertensive drugs (Mpostoperative) were found significantly increased compared to mean preoperative dose (Mpreoperative) in all PEH patients among βB? group (Mpreoperative 18.95 mg vs. Mpostoperative 45.76 mg;P= 0.00); CCB group (preoperative Mpreoperative 6.21 mg vs. Mpostoperative 9.79 mg;P= 0.01); ARB group (Mpreoperative 14.03 mg vs. Mpostoperative 38.23 mg;P= 0.01); but those patients with preoperative αBs have well controlled BP in the postoperative period without significant change in mean dosage; αB (Mpreoperative 0.16 mg vs. Mpostoperative 3.74 mg:P= 0.27).

Conclusions:

This study indirectly showed that fluctuations of sympathetic system are happening in both e- and c-CEA irrespective of the technique of surgery. These fluctuations were better controlled in patients who had adequate sympathetic blockade preoperatively. In other words, αB can be considered a drug of choice for PEH.
Cerebral Collateral Circulation in Acute Stroke with Occlusive Internal Carotid Artery Disease
Authors: Pathak Rahul , Thakur Sujoy Das , Imade Akshay , Sen Lokesh Chandra
Published: February 2021

Acute brain infarction due to carotid artery occlusion has been associated with poor outcome in the absence of cerebral collaterals. The incipient development of collaterals does not guarantee their persistence while available data are strongly indicative that good collateral flow is key in cerebral perfusion, and in reducing infarct size, this knowledge has resulted in only limited therapeutic applications.
Masson Hemangioma in a Brachial Artery Aneurysm
Authors: Godakandage Manujaya , Gunawansa Nalaka
Published: February 2021

Masson hemangioma is a rare benign vascular tumor characterized by intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH). Numerous case reports have described lesions in the digits, neck, oral cavity, and intracranially. IPEH involving primary brachial artery aneurysm is extremely rare, with only a handful of reported cases. We present a 43-year-old female with a true distal brachial artery aneurysm who presented with a painful pulsatile mass in the antecubital region. She underwent aneurysm resection and end-to-end repair with a saphenous vein graft. Histology confirmed the diagnosis of IPEH with characteristic features of papillary hyperplasia within the intravascular thrombus.
Systematic Surveillance of Arteriovenous Fistula Patency in Renal Failure Patients – Our Early Experience
Authors: Al-Hinai Meerah , Al-Maawali Hanan , Stephen Edwin , Abdelhady Ibrahim , Al-Aufi Ahmed , Al Sukaiti Rashid , Al Riyami Dawood , Al-Wahaibi Khalifa
Published: February 2021

Objective:

Does systematic surveillance help improve arteriovenous fistula (AVF) patency and health economics in renal failure patients?

Materials and Methods:

As part of a quality initiative project, prospective data were maintained in the electronic medical records at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital by our clinical nurse specialist, of AVFs created for patients requiring renal replacement therapy from December 2015. Beginning in January 2018, a surveillance program of patients undergoing intervention to improve patency of AVF was started. The records of these patients up to December 31, 2019, were accessed to see if the program helped improve patency, thereby reducing the number of emergency admissions and improving health economics. The minimum follow-up period was 8 weeks.

Results:

A total of 143 patients had AVFs created during the study period. Fifty-one patients required fistulogram with or without fistuloplasty. Thirty-six out of 51 (70%) fistulas remain patent, whereas 9 (18%) thrombosed and 6 (12%) were either lost to follow-up or deceased. The number presenting to the emergency department reduced by 50%. In addition, we observed a noticeable reduction in the number of emergency procedures required to sustain the fistula. Both duration of in-hospital stay and repetitive investigations were reduced.

Conclusion:

A surveillance program requires liaising with the patient, their relatives, local health center, regional dialysis unit, interventional radiology, nephrology, and vascular surgery team. We have seen a significant reduction in emergency interventions, increase in overall patency rate of AVFs, shorter in-patient hospital stays, and a decrease in number of laboratory investigations repeated.
Role of Central Venography Prior to Vascular Access Surgery
Authors: Razi Mustafa , Saripalli Chainulu VSRB , Burli Pradeep , Gupta Prem Chand , Atturu Gnaneswar
Published: February 2021

Purpose and Objective:

Central vein stenosis is not uncommon in renal patients who are on dialysis. Performing new arterio-venous fistula (AVF) in patients with central vein stenosis can lead to significant problems, ultimately leading to loss of AVF. The aim of this study was to assess the role of central venogram before the creation of a new AVF.

Materials and Methods:

All patients who underwent central venogram before AVF surgery between September 2017 and June 2019 were included in the study. The medical records and central venogram images were reviewed. Data regarding demographics, indication, findings of venogram, arterio-venous access performed, were collected using an online database.

Results:

A total of 143 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 52.25 (range 23–86 years) and 85 were men (59.44%). One hundred and thirty-nine out of 143 (97.2%) patients were on dialysis and had a history of ipsilateral and/or contralateral central vein catheterization. However, only 18 of 143 (12.58%) had central vein symptoms. The most common indication was being a precious fistula or last access option (64 patients; 44.75%). Central venogram identified ipsilateral abnormality in 52 patients (36.36%) and contralateral abnormality in 46 patients. Preoperative plan was changed in 24 patients (16.78%) due to venogram findings.

Conclusions:

This study highlights that central vein stenosis/occlusion can exist in renal dialysis patients even without obvious clinical signs and symptoms. Routine use of diagnostic central venogram in such high-risk patients can identify central vein problems preoperatively and prevent postoperative complications.
IMPACT OF BRAND IMAGE ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY WITH THE MEDIATING ROLE OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND BRAND AWARENESS
Authors: Abbas Umair , Islam K. M. Anwarul , Hussain Sajid , Baqir Muhammad , Muhammad Noor
Published: February 2021

The study indicates the impact of Brand Image on Customer Loyalty with the Mediating Role of Customer satisfaction and Brand Awareness. A questionnaire is filled by the 300 respondents that are selected through non-probability to measure customer satisfaction and their loyalty to their favorite Brand. The respondent filed the questionnaire according to their favorite brand. In the study 22 statements and 5 points, Likert Scaled survey questionnaire was filled by the 300 respondents. The results were made by using different methods. The result is based on the statistics test which displays that the Image of the brand and customer Loyalty is very significant with Customer Satisfaction and Brand Awareness, but Brand Image is insignificant with Brand Awareness. The result is analyzed through SPSS software for statistical analysis. The study was conducted within a short time and within the limited resources due to the pandemic attack of the COVID-19. In the future study, the major topic is recommended due to the current situation in the world due to the pandemic attack of the COVID-19 impact of any pandemic diseases on customer loyalty.

JEL Classification Codes: M31, M39.
CO-DIGESTION OF KITCHEN WASTE WITH INTESTINAL COW DUNG FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION
Authors: Udensi JU , Ejiogu CC , Okafor HO , Uyo CN , Iwuji KM , Esomonu I , Akueshi CU
Published: February 2021

Anaerobic digestion process is gaining attention in the agriculture industry because of its potential for renewable energy production and manure stabilization. These potential benefits are significant against the current backdrop of rising energy costs and growing environmental concerns. Anaerobic digestion is a naturally occurring process through which organic matter such as manure, feed spills, meat processing wastes and crop residues are stabilized by microorganisms strictly in the absence of air. In developing countries, the inadequate management of waste particularly in urban areas where the consumption pattern have changed and the generation rate increased substantially from one location to another and from time to time. This study explored the production of biogas from kitchen wastes mixed with intestinal cow dung in a semi continuous anaerobic digester. Materials used as feed were Paw Paw, tomato, banana peels and intestinal cow dung. Various parameters were determined using standard methods; water displacement method was used to determine the volume of gas produced. The combustibility of the gas generated was tested using Bunsen burner. Microbiological methods were employed for the microbiological analysis. The temperature and pH recorded in the digester range from 27-33oC and 0-6.81c respectively. It was observed that the waste slurry produced biogas without nutrient or chemical addition to the digester. The highest volume of gas (2.8ml) was produced on the 14th day where the temperature (29oC) and pH (6.79) were relatively high. The result of the statistical analysis showed there is significant difference (P<0.05) in the slurry temperature and pH as compared to the volume of gas produced. The Bacteria isolates identified from the digester include Proteus Spp, Bacillus Spp, Escherichia Coli, Klebsiella Spp and Staphyllococcus Spp. Based on this, the search for alternative source of Energy such as Biogas should be intensified so as to curb the incidence of ecological disasters like Environmental pollution, deforestation, desertification and erosion.
ПЕРЕРАБОТКА ПОКРОВНЫХ ТКАНЕЙ ГИДРОБИОНТОВ
В ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ ЖИДКОСТЯХ ПРИРОДНОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ
Authors: Воробьёв Виктор Иванович
Published: February 2021

Исследовано влияние температурных режимов обработки покровных тка-ней рыб (кожи и чешуи судака) в яблочном соке прямого отжима. Определен об-щий химический и аминокислотный состав исходного сырья (яблочного сока, ры-бьей кожи и чешуи) и полученных термически обработанных продуктов (сокосо-держащих коллагеновых напитков, порошка чешуи, кожи). Показано, что при термической обработке в яблочном соке (110 °C) и давлении 0,11 МПа очищенной рыбьей кожи массовая доля белка в полученном сокосодержащем коллагеновом напитке увеличилась с 0,3 до 4,1 % (в 13,7 раза), сухих веществ – с 9,5 до 11,4 % при уменьшении золы с 0,3 до 0,2 % и углеводов с 8,9 до 7,1 %. Массовая доля глицина в напитке увеличилась более чем в 12,4 раза, пролина – в 13,1 раза (основные аминокислоты коллагеновых белков). При аналогичной переработке чешуи массовая доля белка в напитке увеличилась с 0,3 до 2,0 % (в 6,7 раза), сухих веществ – с 9,5 до 10,5 %, золы – с 0,3 до 0,5 %, глицина – более чем в 7 раз, пролина – в 7,1 раза при уменьшении углеводов с 8,9 до 8,0 %. В полученной чешуе значительно снизилась массовая доля белка – с 42,0 до 26,4 % (в 1,6 раза) при увеличении углеводов до 16,1 %, о чем свидетельствовало изменение цвета порошка чешуи на светло-коричневый. Сравнительный аминокислотный анализ стерилизованного (110 °C) и пастеризованного (95 °C) напитков показал существенное влияние температуры обработки на увеличение массовой доли глицина, пролина, аланина, валина, аргинина и серина в жидкости.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПО СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЮ РЕЦЕПТУРЫ
ФОРМОВАННЫХ МОРОЖЕНЫХ ПОЛУФАБРИКАТОВ
ИЗ РЕЧНОГО ОКУНЯ PERCA FLUVIATILIS
ПОВЫШЕННОЙ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ЦЕННОСТИ
Authors: Макеева Алена Владимировна , Ключко Наталия Юрьевна
Published: February 2021

Актуальным направлением исследований является расширение ассорти-мента формованных мороженых полуфабрикатов за счет использования рыб внутренних водоемов страны, включение в рецептуру растительных ингредиентов для обеспечения сбалансированности, а также повышение функционально-технологических свойств продукта с помощью применения нетрадиционных структурообразователей. На основе данных химического анализа мышечная ткань речного окуня Perca fluviatilis по содержанию белка относится к группе белковых рыб (17,3 %), а жира – к среднежирным видам (2,6 %). Проведенные исследования дали возможность обнаружить в мышечной ткани речного окуня все незаменимые аминокислоты, рассчитать их скоры (114,8–206,1 %) и биологическую ценность (60,9 %), что позволяет масштабно использовать данный вид рыбы в производственных целях. На основе анализа химического, минерального, витаминного состава, а также функционально-технологических свойств и распространенности был произведен выбор растительных ингредиентов, включенных в состав рецептуры формованных полуфабрикатов из речного окуня повышенной биологической ценности: яблочного жмыха, семян льна, листовой капусты Кале. Исследования подтвердили значительное содержание витамина С в листовой капусте Кале (17,16 %) и яблочном жмыхе, полученном из разных сортов яблок. Самое большое его количество (3,52 %) отмечено в Антоновке, которая и была выбрана для рецептуры. С помощью математического планирования эксперимен-та установлены оптимальные значения процесса производства формованных по-луфабрикатов: масса яблочного жмыха составляет 11 г на 100 г продукта, а набухших семян льна – 7 г на 100 г. Средний балл органолептической оценки – 15,27, что свидетельствует о высокой категории продукта в соответствии с разра-ботанным дифференцированным уровнем качества. Построенные профили вкуса и консистенции позволили более детально характеризовать готовый продукт.
Pembinaan Pastoral Konseling Terhadap Kelompok “Wanita-Pria”
Authors: Mangantibe Veydy Yanto , Yusuf Olyvia
Published: February 2021

This article discusses pastoral counseling for shemale groups. In the time of creation, Genesis 1:27 “So God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them”. This verse provides clear evidence that in terms of sex or gender, there are actually contrasting differences between men and women. Men and women are two different individuals, there is no mixing of both or shemale. However, in reality, it was found that they were male but felt that they were women. In general, shemale experienced errors in identifying their gender. This mistake is caused by a psychological disorder called gender identity disorder. It appears that in society, shemale behavior is seen as abnormal or deviant behavior. They often experience rejection, mockery, insults and even become targets of various acts of violence. In the midst of the negative response from the general public to the existence of transgender women.

Abstrak

Artikel ini membahasa mengenai pembinaan pastoral konseling terhadap kelompok waria. Dalam masa penciptaan, Kejadian 1: 27 “menurut gambar Allah diciptakan-Nya dia; laki-laki dan perempuan diciptakakan-Nya mereka.” ayat tersebut, memberikan bukti nyata bahwa dari sisi seks atau jenis kelamin, sesungguhnya terdapat perbedaan yang kontras antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Baik laki-laki maupun perempuan adalah dua pribadi yang berdiri sendiri, tidak ada pencampuran dari keduanya atau Wanita pria, atau yang disingkat waria, namun pada kenyataannya didapati mereka yang berjenis kelamin laki-laki tetapi merasa dirinya adalah perempuan, Secara umum, waria mengalami kekeliruan dalam mengidentifikasi jenis kelaminnya. Kekeliruan tersebut disebabkan oleh gangguan psikologi yang disebut gender identity disorder, Nampak persoalan Dalam masyarakat umum, perilaku waria dipandang sebagai perilaku yang abnormal atau menyimpang. Mereka kerapkali mengalami penolakan, dijadikan bahan ejekan, hinaan bahkan sering menjadi sasaran berbagai tindakan kekerasan. persoalan ini juga tentunya menjadi tanggung jawab bagi kekristenan dalam pelayanan maka perlu adanya tindakan nyata untuk menyikapi persoalan kelompok waria.
Hubungan Tingkat Religiusitas terhadap Kecemasan Moral dan Alternatif Pembinaan Moral pada Kenakalan Siswa
Authors: Rifai Rifai
Published: February 2021

Teenagers as the successors of the Indonesian people have received high expectations from the community in moral behavior. Various challenges faced by adolescents today can be able to plunge adolescents into immoral behavior. Adolescent moral behavior is based on adolescent moral anxiety, namely the existence of a personal sense of blame every time a teenager commits an offense. Moral anxiety of adolescents is influenced by the level of adolescent religiosity, if adolescents with moderate religiosity tend to have high moral anxiety as well. To get adolescents with good moral religiosity and anxiety need an alternative moral guidance for juvenile delinquency. Alternative moral guidance is carried out through the cultivation of the character of faith and devotion to God who is omnipresent. In addition, it is necessary to involve teachers of Religious Education and Human Rights as counselors and the implementation of scout extracurricular activities that can shape the positive character of students.

Abstrak

Remaja sebagai penerus bangsa Indonesia telah mendapatkan ekspetaksi tinggi dari masyarakat dalam perilaku bermoral. Berbagai tantangan yang dihadapi remaja saat ini bisa dapat menjerumuskan remaja dalam perilaku tidak bermoral. Perilaku bermoral remaja dilandasi dengan kecemasan moral remaja yakni adanya rasa tertuduh secara pribadi setiap kali remaja melakukan pelanggaran. Kecemasan rmoral remaja dipengaruhi oleh tingkat religiusitas remaja, jika remaja dengan religiusitas sedang cenderung tinggi akan memiliki kecemasan moral yang tinggi pula. Untuk mendapatkan remaja dengan religiusitas dan kecemasan moral yang baik perlu alternatif pembinaan moral terhadap kenakalan remaja. Alternatif pembinaan moral dilaksanakan melalui penanaman karakter keimanan dan ketaqwaan terhadap Tuhan yang mahaesa. Selain itu perlu pelibatan guru Pendidikan Agama dan Budi Pekerti sebagai konselor dan pelaksanaan ekstrakurikuler pramuka yang dapat membentuk karakter positif siswa.
Role of training & development on employee retention and organizational commitment in the banking sector of Pakistan
Authors: Aleem Muhammad , Bowra Zulfiqar Ahmad
Published: February 2021

The value of human capital can easily be increased with the help of training & development because investment made on personnel is very helpful for the success of the firms in the current competitive era to increase retention and commitment level of staff. The major objective of this study is to examine the role of training & development on employee retention and organizational commitment in the banking sector of Pakistan. The population of the study consists of major eight banks of Pakistan including Islamic, foreign, public and private banks. The sequential exploratory design was followed where qualitative and quantitative data collection methods were used. Purposive sampling was used for the interview while for questionnaire multistage sampling was used. The finding of the study clearly indicates that training & developments have significant affiliation and effect on employee retention and commitment. The training & development play a very vital role in employee career growth, compensation, skills enhancement and capacity building to provide quality services to the clients to achieve organizational objectives.
Mediating Role of Affective Organizational Commitment on the Relationship between Training and Employee’s Performance: a Case of Civil Society Organizations
Authors: Abbas Ayesha , Abbas Nargis , Ashiq Uzma
Published: February 2021

In a competitive business environment, organizational performance depends upon employees’ performance and their capabilities which can be enhanced through effectual tools like, training to boost knowledge, behaviour and skills of employees. This research aims to investigate the effect of training on employees’ performance directly and indirectly mediated through affective organizational commitment in the civil society organizations of Pakistan. Convenient sampling technique was used and the sample of 219 employees was selected out of 569 total employees from different CSOs Offices of Punjab by using Krejcie and Morgan table. Descriptive statistics, correlation and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyse the data. The results demonstrated that training has a positive and significant impact on employees’ performance. Further, an effective organizational commitment was found to have significant mediation in the relationship between employees’ performance and training. Thus, the study suggested that training should be the part of civil society organization to boost the organizational commitment which will affect the employee performance.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Household Human Capital Investment Behavior in Conflict Zones: A Case Study of District Swat
Authors: Amin Amjad , Alam Danish , Iqbal Nadeem
Published: February 2021

Development of human capital, as part of public policy, is critical for sustainable socio-economic development of a country. This study analyzed the factors that influenced the household behaviour of spending on human resources in terrorism affected region of district Swat. The uniqueness of the current study is to study human capital behaviour in the study area. The econometric technique (OLS) was applied to analyze the data. The study found that there are direct and indirect relationship exists among the targeted variables. It was found that health and education status is negatively affected by the incidence of terrorism. The education system drastically affected and the enrolment rate at the primary, secondary and post-secondary levels have exceptionally declined because of the aftermath of terrorism episode between 2002 and 2016. Health, education facilities and infrastructure are deteriorating posing a threat to long term development. The effective policies of the Government (investment in human capital) and eradicating terrorism (military actions) is a demanding subject of matter for the sake of development in the area.
Stereotyping of Gender Roles and Norms by Society: a Feminist Analysis of I Stand Here Ironing
Authors: Shah Mujahid , Shakir Marukh , Attia Syed
Published: February 2021

The ideologies rampant in the societies ensure their reproduction through various means. Social institutions are employed to carry out the power structures and uphold the favourable ideologies. These ideologies always favour one over the other by means of differentiation. Gender is one such ideology/construct, which maintains the favourable hegemony of men over women by ascribing different gender roles that justify the society’s unequal treatment of men and women. Motherhood is the most natural aspect of female gender. However, society and social institutions are selective of what comprises good or bad mothering. I Stand Here Ironing by Tillie Olsen runs along the same line, where a mother is tormented by guilt of not fulfilling her role as a good mother. This study, thus, offers a critique on social stereotyping of gender roles from a social construction feminist perspective. The study specifically ventures to explore the various factors and institutions that normalize prescribed rules for good and bad mothering. The study also questions the unhelpful stance of the society with respect to child caring services, which makes women accept traditional gender roles. The aim of the study is to gain insight on social manipulation of gender as a way for upholding traditional gender values / roles.
Pakistan Factor in India’s Policy Towards Afghanistan Under BJP Government
Authors: Sultan Shazia , Anwar Zahid , Jabeen Tahira
Published: February 2021

The study offered a brief history of the Pak –Indo relations with Afghanistan and has analyzed some troubles relation among the three states. The Pakistan factor in the Indian-Afghan relations since independence in general and under BJP government in particular is the part of this investigation. The paper has discussed the importance of Afghanistan for India and Pakistan and the struggle of both countries for acquiring influence there. The Indian policy of soft power to encircle Pakistan has been focused. The paper has tried to explore the current BJP government policies regarding peace dialogue among Pakistan US, Taliban and Afghan government and their policy of Intra-Afghan dialogue. The response of afghan government and people towards Indian policies has been highlighted. The paper concludes that nothing is certain in the mutual relations of these countries as the national interest of the states does not remain same and permanent all the time and it usually depend on current regional and international environment. The current close affiliation between Indo-Afghan may take turn to Pak-Afghan love relation similar to the cold war affiliation.
“End Up on the Streets”: an Evidence-based Study on Street-begging and Poverty in Sialkot, Pakistan
Authors: Hassan Syeda Mahnaz , Abbas Nargis , Ashiq Uzma , Azam Aniqa
Published: February 2021

The rapid development in 21st century not only gave birth to urbanization but also accompanied emergence of slums in cities. Now days, one of the phenomena grabbing serious attention of social scientists is the association between street – begging and poverty not just in developing countries but also in the developed ones. This research paper intends to analyze the relationship that occurs between street – begging and poverty as a social issue, leading towards its prevention approaches. The study site was Sialkot, a city of province Punjab, Pakistan. It was descriptive cross – sectional and a quantitative approach in its nature. For primary data collection, descriptive survey and designed questionnaire was administered to One hundred and thirty respondent street – beggars chosen randomly from various public places in city. The data analysis phased employed simple descriptive statistics. Finally, an attempt has been made by recommending in form of a road map in order to prevent the city’s discomfort. Findings reveal that majority of beggars are poor, illiterate and needy. They make both ends meet by begging at several spaces and are deprived of generous helping hands. Moreover, begging is a consequence of several factors i.e. poverty, parental loss, physical challenges, unemployment – to name just a few. Furthermore, the recommendations include incorporation of this socio – economically marginalized group in Pakistan’s anti – poverty program. This section is in dire need of employment opportunities provided by Sialkot’s industrialist community in order to desist them from indulging in beggary. The local government authorities and policy planners must embrace multi – targeted approaches in the practice reactive interventions.
Changing Facetsof Judicial Activism in Pakistan
Authors: Sultan Shazia , Jabeen Tahira
Published: February 2021

This paper deals with the troublesome history of Pakistan Judiciary in comparative perspective. The judicial restraint showed by the superior courts in the initial phase of Pakistan’s emergence and its failure in the enactment of extra-constitutional deeds of Military Generals and executive heads that troubled the smooth political and constitutional progress has been highlighted. The paper throws light on the struggle of the Judiciary for its independent status in the defiance of the military establishment in 2007 that catapulted the Judiciary as main stakeholder in the governmental power structure of the state. The key role played by Supreme Court in the defense of democratic norms, rule of law, corruption free politics and transparent governance has also ben focused.  Overstepping of judiciary in executive matters in Justice Saqib Nisar is also the part of this investigation. Nonetheless empowering the public representative to legislate on the matter of the tenure extension of the COAS (Chief of Army Staff) has also been discussed along with the decision of special court and then High court in the treason case of Musharraf that raise is the part of this paper. The paper concludes that hurdles in the way to independent judiciary desperately needed to be removed for the dispensation of justice.
Pro-women Laws and Government Masquerading: A Description of Pre-independence and Post-independence Women Legislative Framework in Pakistan
Authors: Butt Beenish Ijaz , Ashiq Uzma , Abbas Nargis
Published: February 2021

This paper presents the historical account of women welfare laws in Pakistan in the light of political-historical events. This article is based on conventional content analysis focusing the women welfare in Pakistan under the different governments. The purpose of this research is to describe the original situations behind the pro-women laws in Pakistan. Present study is comprised of two sections; section-I deals with the pre-independence women legislative frame work while section-II covers with the post-independence women legislative frame work in Pakistan from 1947 to 2010. Under the new born state, first effort was made by promulgating MFLO, 1961 by the state but it could not uplift the status of women in the country. Even women could not get welfare under the banner of “Islamization of laws” in 1979. Again, a state effort was made by promulgating laws under “Women Protection Bill” but despite this promulgation of a number of laws in the present century, much remains to be done for such oppressed group. They are still in social malaise and face poverty, discrimination, violence, and disparity on different grounds. Observing from the historical account, discriminatory welfare measures deny women constitutionally guaranteed parity and protections. Hence; seems to be suppressing women status through anti-welfare steps in Pakistan. Pakistan should repeal all such laws, including the discriminatory legislation, to end the state-certified gender disparity that has destabilized women’s welfare and self-assurance and has promoted violence and intolerance in the country.
Empirically Investigating the Moderating Impact of Special Peer Support on the Relationship of Management Support and Employee Work Attitude
Authors: Ahmad Ashfaq , Bilal Hazrat , Bibi Palwasha , Hassain Jawad
Published: February 2021

This study aim was to examine the moderating impact of Special Peer Support (SPS) on the relationship of Management Support (MS) and an important employee work attitude called Employee Commitment (EC) of individuals working in administrative positions at public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A diverse sample of 175 employees was drawn from different universities. Data was collected through a survey technique and was analyzed by Structure Equation Model (SEM). Conclusively, this study has forwarded notable framework, outlining the potential role of management support towards employee work attitude, followed by the moderating effect of SPS to boost this relationship. In other words, this study confirmed the significant impact of MS on EC and also found a significant moderating impact of SPS on the MS and EC relationship.
Postmodernity in Elif Shafak’s “The Forty Rules of Love”
Authors: Akbar Nabila , Majeed Marium , Karori Izza Bilal , Aziz Aamir
Published: February 2021

As the term indicates, postmodernity or postmodern condition refers to social, cultural or economic conditions that emerged in western society after modern age. It can safely be considered as counterpart of modern outlook. This research venture has been undertaken to divulge postmodernity in prevailing social structure through “The Forty Rules of Love” by Elif Shafak. This novel has been scrutinized deeper keeping in view postmodernity. The results unlock depiction of the pop culture, hypocrisy, dual standards, quest for meaning and purpose in life, social follies and wavering personalities by the author. This research paper winds up that the author has, by highlighting postmodern elements in the novel, revealed societal and cultural issues prevailing in present times.
Moderating Role of School Climate Into the Relationship Perceived Social Support, Perceived Rewards and Job Satisfaction Amongst the Newly Hired Educators: Evidence From Bahawalpur District
Authors: Yaqub Rana Muhammad Shahid , Gondal Bilal Javaid
Published: February 2021

Job satisfaction has gathered a lot of attention and focus throughout the world from scholars as well as researchers. This study aims to investigate and analyze the relationships among perceived social support, rewards, and job satisfaction. Additionally, the moderating effect of school climate will be investigated between the relationships of perceived social support and rewards with job satisfaction, respectively. Data were collected from 200 teachers working in government schools of Bahawalpur District using self-administered questionnaires. This research is a quantitative and cross-sectional study and it has adopted a convenience sampling technique. Statistical Package for Social Sciences and Partial Least Squares-Structured Equation Modelling are the tools that have been used for data analysis to test the hypotheses. The results and findings of this study, indicate that a positive and significant relationship exists between perceived social support and job satisfaction. Also, the relationship between rewards and job satisfaction is positive and significant. However, no moderation of school climate is observed in both relationships of perceived social support and rewards with job satisfaction. This study provides implications i.e. theoretical and practical with the addition of limitations of the study. Lastly,  future research directions are given as well.
Analysis of the healthy food market in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Adygea
Authors: Karamushko G. V. , Khatko Z. N. , Navasardyan N. Kh.
Published: February 2021

The goal. Marketing research and analysis of the current situation on the Russian healthy food market in general and the Republic of Adygea in particular. The methods. The results of desk research carried out by the authors, methods of generalization, comparative analysis, induction, decomposition, graphical method were used. The Results. The article outlines the results of the analysis of the public catering market in Russia in general, and the Republic of Adygea, in particular. Despite the crisis in the economy, the Russian public catering market is quite promising. The capacity of domestic catering is several times higher than the current turnover, which indicates its undersaturation. In addition, the article presents monitoring of the Russian and regional market for healthy food products, which led to the conclusion that public catering networks promoting a healthy lifestyle are recognized as one of the fastest growing segments of the public catering market. The conclusion. The growth of the Russian and world markets for healthy food is a direct consequence of changes in consumer patterns. Today traditional criteria of consumer choice in the food market (price, taste and quality) are inseparable from a new group of criteria, most of which are indicators of growing popularity for residents of all countries: health and a healthy lifestyle, safety and transparency (consumers want to know what exactly they consume). A healthy lifestyle today is becoming not just a trend, but a lifestyle all over the world.
Updating and methodological research of the construction complex (a review)
Authors: Khotko M. Kh. , Dorgushaova A. K.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the research is to summarize the experience in updating and methodological research of the building complex. The scientific novelty of the results of the performed review consists in formulating the features of construction as a key branch of the economy, defining the concept and structure of the building complex; analysis of the current state of the building complex. Construction has specific features that distinguish it from other branches of material production. The location of the construction complex is extremely uneven, due to the economic development of the state territory. Perspective in the construction complex should be considered: construction technological clusters, uniting the production link of the construction complex; construction economic clusters developing due to groupings of industrial and economic companies within the framework of investment and construction projects; construction of economic sub-clusters that unite the private and public sectors on the basis of common interests. The main factors influencing the level of innovative development of the investment and construction complex of the region are factors of the business climate and personnel policy; strong correlations between indicators of the economic environment in the investment and construction complex.
Physical and chemical indicators of raw spent grain
Authors: Danilchenko A. S. , Siyukhov K. R. , Korotkova T. G. , Khachaturov V. N.
Published: February 2021

The results of experimental studies of physical and chemical indicators and amino acid composition of raw brewer’s grains from Belorechensky (the Krasnodar Territory) and Maykop (the Republic of Adygea) br eweries have been presented. The purpose of the research is to compare the physicochemical parameters and amino acid composition of raw brewer’s grains obtained pneumatically at the Belorechensk brewery and hydraulically at the Maykop brewery. Analyzes carried out in an accredited laboratory and testing center have shown that fresh grains from both breweries are non-toxic. Both breweries use PILSNER MALT by «Kurskiy Malt» and produce beer using classic technology. The content of sugar and starch in absolutely dry matter is higher in brewer’s grains of the Maykop brewery, which indicates a deeper additional sugar starch used in the technology of the Belorechensk brewery. The presence of essential amino acids methionine, arginine, valine, threonine, etc. characterizes the nutritional value of the grain. The content of crude protein in the brewer grains of the Belorechensk brewery is higher compared to that in the Maykop brewery grains, 5,1% and 4,2%, respectively, and the content of nitrogen-free extractive substances is higher in the brewer grains of the Maykop brewery and makes up 9,3% and 8,8% in spent grains of the Belorechensk brewery. The data obtained are consistent with the data of other researchers. Due to the high moisture content in the Maykop brewer’s grains, its indicators have been determined after moisture draining through a sieve. Analysis of the technological stages of beer production has shown that a pasteurization unit was installed at the Belorechensk brewery before bottling beer, which helps to increase its shelf life and destroy the active action of microorganisms, but to reduce the saturation of the beer taste.