bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTERACTION OF 4-(ALLYLOXY)-5,6-DIMETHYL-2-(THIOPHEN-2-YL)THIENO[2,3-d]PYRIMIDINE WITH TELLURIUM-CONTAINING ELECTROPHILIC REAGENTS
Authors: Kryvoruchko A.R. , Kut D. , Kut M.M. , Krivovjaz A.O.
Published: December 2024

The chemistry of tellurium-containing electrophilic reagents remains less explored and studied compared to other chalcogen-containing electrophiles. This study investigates the interaction of tellurium tetrahalides and p-methoxyphenyltellurium trichloride with 4-(allyloxy)-5,6-dimethyl-2-(thiophen-2-yl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine. It was found that reactions with in situ generated tellurium tetrahalides in glacial acetic acid lead to the formation of adducts with a 1:1 composition of 4-(allyloxy)-5,6-dimethyl-2-(thiophen-2-yl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-tellurium tetrahalide, confirmed by ¹H NMR spectral data and elemental analysis. Reactions between 4-(allyloxy)-5,6-dimethyl-2-(thiophen-2-yl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine and p-methoxyphenyltellurium trichloride in glacial acetic acid also yielded adducts of an identical composition, indicating that substituting tellurium tetrachlorides with aryl tellurium trichloride does not alter the reaction’s outcome. Experimental data demonstrate that the nature of the electrophilic reagent does not affect the reaction path, enabling regioselective formation of 1:1 substrate-electrophile adducts.
SYNTHESIS OF N-ALKENYL(ALKYNYL)-5,6-DIMETHYL-2-(THIOPHEN-2-YL)THIENO[2,3-d]PYRIMIDIN-4-AMINES AND THEIR IN SILICO STUDY ON GROUP II CHITINASE (ChtII) INHIBITION
Authors: Kut D. , Kut M.M. , Mariychuk R.T.
Published: December 2024

Research in the chemistry of heterocyclic compounds, particularly condensed pyrimidine frameworks, aimed at developing drugs with diverse therapeutic properties. Among these compounds, special attention is given to thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives due to their potential as drug candidates. This study presents the synthesis of a series of N-alkenyl(alkynyl)-5,6-dimethyl-2-(thiophen-2-yl)-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amines via the amination reaction of 5,6-dimethyl-2-(thiophen-2-yl)-4-chlorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine with unsaturated amines (allyl-, diallyl-, and propargylamine), enabling potential application in electrophilic intramolecular heterocyclization reactions. Using molecular docking, the inhibitory potential of 5,6-dimethyl-2-(thiophen-2-yl)-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amines against ChtII chitinase, specific to the pest Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis), was assessed. The leading compound, N-propargyl-5,6-dimethyl-2-(thiophen-2-yl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine, showed the highest binding affinity to the target protein (binding energy of -9.09 kcal/mol), indicating its promise for further research.
INFLUENCE OF HUMIC ACIDS ON RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE SUSPENSIONS BASED ON PYROCARBON
Authors: Shkutkova O.V. , Makarov A.S. , Klishchenko R.E.
Published: December 2024

The possibility of utilizing technical pyrocarbon obtained as a result of pyrolysis of waste tires into composite suspension fuel was investigated. It was determined that the surface of unmodified pyrocarbon has a positive surface charge in the pH range of 2-10. The addition of humic acid causes a change in the surface charge of pyrocarbon and an overcharge of the surface. The influence of stabilizer additives on the rheological properties of composite suspension fuel based on pyrocarbon was studied. Carboxymethyl cellulose, OP-10, and humic acids were used as stabilizers.  It is shown that the composite suspension fuel based on pyrocarbon has a synergistic effect of the addition of OP-10 with sodium humate to reduce the effective viscosity and fluidity of suspensions.  A composite suspension fuel consisting of [0.5% C3 + 0.25% OP + 3% HA] at a solid phase concentration of 51.7% was proposed. The effective viscosity of the obtained suspensions does not exceed 0.9 Pa‧sec, and the sedimentation stability is 28-30 days. This allows us to recommend the obtained suspensions as liquid suspension fuel for liquid fuel units.
Problems of the Russian economy in 2023–2024: the catch–up development trap, parallel imports, distribution of national income and development of competition
Authors: Sazanova S. L. , Rogozhin S. P.
Published: December 2024

The authors of the article focused on the current problems of the Russian economy in 2023–2024, such as: import substitution and the catch–up development trap, parallel import, insufficiently efficient distribution of national income and the need to develop competition in the domestic Russian market. The authors revealed the prerequisites, current state and impact on the general state of the country’s economy of all the above problems. It was shown that catch–up development, import substitution and parallel import are effective tools for solving a number of economic problems arising under the influence of both economic and political historical conditions. The catch–up development of the Russian economy does not allow us to fully effectively solve the problems of efficient distribution of national income, poverty, demography, as well as consistently develop domestic competition. The authors concluded that solving the entire complex of the identified problems of the Russian economy requires a scientifically based systems approach, the best theoretical basis for which, of course, is the work of domestic scientists in the field of systemic economic theory.
Ética de la contingencia. Entre individuos y sistemas
Authors: López Martínez Ricardo
Published: December 2024

Mascareño presenta un programa sociológico de intervención basado en la teoría de sistemas de Luhmann orientado a enfrentar la desvinculación entre individuos y sociedad. Propone estrategias para aumentar las alternativas de elección disponibles para los individuos y fomentar su motivación dentro de las instituciones sociales. La premisa es que la sociología debe contribuir no solo a explicar las transformaciones sociales, sino también a orientar el comportamiento de los individuos ante ellas. La ética de la contingencia se define como un programa reflexivo que reconoce la emergencia de sistemas psíquicos y sociales que buscan su desarrollo y autonomía.
generaciones futuras en el Derecho Internacional y el ius standi de los pueblos indígenas
Authors: Zamora-Gómez Cristina María
Published: December 2024

Este artículo examina el acceso a la justicia de las generaciones futuras indígenas en el contexto de la justicia climática ante el Comité de Derechos Humanos de las Naciones Unidas (CDH). Se centra en el caso Daniel Billy et al. vs. Australia (2022), donde se argumentó que el cambio climático, derivado de la inacción estatal, vulnera los derechos humanos de las comunidades indígenas australianas de las Islas Torres, afectando sus modos de vida y su supervivencia cultural. El análisis destaca las barreras procesales que enfrentan las generaciones futuras para ser reconocidas como sujetos de derechos, especialmente la falta de legitimidad procesal (ius standi). A través de este caso, el artículo subraya la importancia de integrar principios de equidad intergeneracional y justicia climática en el derecho internacional para proteger los derechos de las futuras generaciones. Concluye que el derecho a la vida, según el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos (PIDCP), debería interpretarse para incluir la protección de la vida futura, especialmente ante amenazas climáticas.
Some peculiarities biofilm forming at wastewater treatment in bioreactors
Authors: Telyma Serhii , Diatel Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

In article the improvement model of forming the biofilm structure taking into account on the heterogeneity along its thickness with steady and changeable porosity in the constant and transient conditions at the aerobic wastewater treatment and taking into account on the influence of different hydrodynamical factors on its operation, availability of the other substances in particular inert biomass and polymeric ones is proposed. To a great extent the attention was allotted on investigation of the influence of the biofilm heterogeneity on the mass transport processes. Besides the analysis of the main factors the correlations for building of the mathematical model of the wastewater treatment with using of biofilms was carried out. It was shown that for the practical calculations of wastewater treatment the one-dimensional model of homogeneous biofilm is proposed taking into account on the obtained valuations and limitation of its using. Comparisons the calculation results with experimental data were shown that such homogeneous model in many cases has a good agreement with experimental ones. The some recommendations relative determination of the form of the biofilms surface are proposed. It can to say that the effectiveness of biological methods of removing pollutants of various origins in particular organic compounds (OC) and nitrogen (N) in various bioreactors may be improved by means of the arrangement on the surface of the additional loading a fixed biocenosis with a high concentration of microorganisms (biofilm).
Wet wipes as a cause of environmental problems: a mini review
Authors: Tkachuk Nataliia , Zelena Liubov , Novikov Yaroslav
Published: December 2024

Our everyday life cannot be imagined without using various hygiene and cleansing products, wet wipes in particular, that protect us from undesirable pollution and contamination, and even could be used as a medical treatment. Besides all these positive aspects wet wipes can be very harmful for the different natural environments. The aim of this study was to analyze and summarize data from literary sources regarding wet wipes as a cause of environmental problems. According to the theoretical analysis, it was established that in the countries of the European Union, the use of individual wet wipes was 68 billion (by 2017, reference year) that equates to 511,000 tons of waste per year. In China, waste wet wipes make up 0.2% of all household waste. In Ukraine, according to 2015 data, the market share of wet wipes was 23%. The global market for wet wipes has a growing trend and is expected to increase its production from 2023 to 2030 by 3.8%. Wet wipes pose a threat to the environment because they contain toxic compounds (surfactants, plastic) and have low biodegradability. As a result, a number of environmental problems arise: 1) accumulation of wet wipes in the environment; 2) increase in greenhouse gas emissions; 3) pollution of water, soil, groundwater; 4) an increase in microplastics in the environment. To eliminate the environmental problems associated with wet wipes while maintaining the functionality of the products, it is suggested, first of all, to use eco-safe, biodegradable base fabric materials and non-toxic solutions for wetting. In addition, an important place is occupied by the formation of a conscious attitude of consumers of wet wipes to their disposal.
Clustering as an innovative tool for administering the digital economy and sustainable development
Authors: Buluy Oleksiy , Plotnikova Mariia , Prysiazhniuk Oksana , Levkivska Larysa , Shvets Tatyana
Published: December 2024

The creation of clusters in modern agribusiness is a promising direction for the sustainable development of the country's economy due to the possibility of obtaining advantages in optimizing production processes, increasing the efficiency of resource use, forming venture capital, and stimulating innovation. We propose to define a cluster as a set of industries that are combined vertically and horizontally to gain competitive advantages. The advantage of this approach is the focus on management and sustainable development processes. A cluster in agribusiness is a set of agribusiness entities that function as a system and achieve higher performance results based on complementarity, cooperation, and coordination of activities. We consider a strategic alliance to be a type of cluster, the main advantage of which is flexibility and the inclusion of companies from different sectors, projects and government organizations. Studies have proven the establishment and effective functioning of creative clusters in Ukraine, which contribute to the formation of an innovative environment and favorable conditions for the functioning of clusters in other areas. A model of cluster sustainable development in Ukraine is proposed, which allows the level of influence of a set of factors on GDP, in particular, equipment and technology, labor force, level of investment attraction, exports and imports, etc.
The interconnected nature of Sustainable Development Goals: a holistic approach to global development
Authors: Liashenko Oksana , Demianiuk Olga
Published: December 2024

The paper discusses the intricate interplay of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their impact on sustainable development. We emphasise the interconnected nature of the SDGs in terms of advancements in one area, which can lead to positive outcomes in others and the synergies and trade-offs among the goals. The research aims to unveil empirical relations among SDGs on a global country level by employing modern multivariate techniques to assess SDGs and rank them in terms of their importance in global development. The study takes a holistic approach to reveal the underlying complex governing these relationships, providing a comprehensive understanding of how these factors collectively shape sustainable development pathways. The factor analysis results reveal that one factor captures a significant portion of the variability of SDG scores. The factor and multivariate regression analyses highlight the relationships between the SDG Index scores and individual SDG scores, demonstrating the strong positive relationship between specific SDG scores and the 2023 SDG Index Score. The discussion emphasises the importance of integrated approaches that recognise the complexity of development challenges and the necessity for coordinated efforts across sectors and governance levels. The paper's findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the SDGs' interdependencies, facilitating informed decision-making and policy formulation to foster sustainable and equitable development for future generations.
Institutional needs to overcome food security challenges in Ukraine in emergency conditions
Authors: Kovalenko Olha , Bokiy Olena , Lysenko Hanna , Riabinina Natalia
Published: December 2024

The problem of food security is extremely important for Ukraine and the world, especially in conditions of crises and emergencies. The authors studied the problems of overcoming the challenges of food security in the extraordinary conditions of russian aggression in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to improve approaches to assessing food security and to identify institutional needs for overcoming food security challenges in the context of the war in Ukraine. Ukraine is the guarantor of world food security and provided almost 6% of the caloric content of world consumption. The study assesses Ukraine's place in the global food security index. It analyzes the main legislation in the field of food security, emphasizes the need to adopt a strategy and other legislative acts in this area, clarifies the state of implementation of the Ukraine - European Union Association Agreement. Taking into account the developments of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the authors systematized and improved the system of food security indicators by building a functional scheme-model. It includes five main blocks - the level and quality of nutrition, physical availability of food, economic availability of food, food independence and market stability. The authors emphasize the importance of taking into account the ecology, natural resources and the state of the institutional environment. The study reveals the food security situation for each block and offers tools for its solution. It defines measures to increase food security and a list of indicative indicators that characterize its level.
Readiness of the community of Kharkiv to spread the concept of circular economy and social entrepreneurship
Authors: Gavkalova Nataliia , Lola Yuliia
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of a social study of the Kharkiv community's readiness to transition to a circular economy and the concept of social entrepreneurship. The method of online survey of representatives of the educational community was used in the study. The results showed: 1) the presence of the community's need for educational and informational measures, which should be aimed at increasing the awareness of the residents of Kharkiv about the ideas, concepts and principles of the circular economy; 2) during the war, the value of preserving the ecology of the region and the understanding of the importance of environmental protection in Ukrainian society decreases; 3) in 2024, Kharkiv residents will be even more worried about political instability and high corruption, the importance of protecting the region's ecology is decreasing. Identified ways to support new forms of ecological and social entrepreneurship in Ukraine after the war. The results of the study will be useful for the adaptation of educational and environmental strategies of regional development.
The social study was conducted within the framework of the project "Cities in the expanded European space: joint development of the potential of state institutions with the help of Slovak-Ukrainian cross-border cooperation and improvement of integrity in public affairs (CEEA)".
Organization of the analysis of the efficiency of tax planning of the sustainable development of the enterprise
Authors: Shurpenkova Ruslana , Sarakhman Oksana
Published: December 2024

The main provisions for improving the existing theoretical foundations and practical measures of the tax planning system at an enterprise are outlined, taking into account the analysis of its effectiveness.
Organizational forms of analysing the effectiveness of tax planning at an enterprise may vary and are determined by its size, organizational and legal form, and industry specifics. Successful conduct of this analysis depends on carefully planned work. In addition, the information base of the analysis plays an important role, so before starting the analysis, it is necessary to check its completeness, quality and reliability. The article identifies the stages of assessing the effectiveness of tax planning of enterprises and proposes a system of performance indicators which can be used to carry out such an assessment.
A well-founded tax planning system can sufficiently minimize the risks arising from the taxation of business activities. And when making management decisions, tax planning is a mandatory tool for the company's management. However, individual measures to optimize taxation will not become a full-fledged tax planning system unless they are implemented as part of a unified strategic plan for the development and operation of the company. Without fundamental provisions, methods and ways of developing (applying) certain tax optimization measures and schemes, tax planning cannot be implemented as intended, and will only act as a tool for minimizing tax payments in the short term - without planning the company's activities and business development in the long term.
Modeling economic recovery in the wake of Covid-19: the role of HR and soft skills
Authors: Sokil Oleh , Sokil Yana
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of economic recovery strategies post-COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the role of human resource management (HR) strategies and communication skills. Drawing on recent research trends, it identifies key areas of interest, including the emphasis on flexibility and adaptability in work conditions, the evolving role of HR departments, the significance of effective communication skills, and the necessity of continuous skill development. The analysis underscores the importance of innovative HR strategies in navigating crises and fostering sustainable company development. It also highlights the critical role of communication skills in enhancing internal cohesion and facilitating organizational innovation. By synthesizing recent studies and case studies, this paper aims to explore how HR strategies and communication skill development can contribute to effective recovery and sustainable growth in the post-pandemic era. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, HR professionals, and business leaders seeking to navigate the challenges of economic recovery and foster resilience in the face of future uncertainties.
A development of a fast chromatographic method for indoleacetic acid determination in cell cultures
Authors: Tymofiienko Mykhailo , Butsenko Liudmila
Published: December 2024

This study presents the development and validation of a novel high-performance liquid chromatography method employing fluorescence detection for the rapid determination of indoleacetic acid (IAA) in bacterial cell cultures. IAA, a pivotal plant growth hormone, influences various physiological processes and is often employed as a marker to screen the growth-promoting properties of rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria. Current methods for IAA determination face challenges such as lengthy and costly sample preparations, complex matrix interferences, and the need for expensive equipment. This method utilizes simple sample preparation and rapid analysis procedures, mitigating previous limitations. The method’s performance was assessed using two bacterial strains, Bacillus subtilis 26D and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens IMV A4. The method was also validated according to ICH guidelines, confirming specificity, linearity, accuracy, and repeatability. The developed method demonstrated significant improvements in speed and environmental impact, utilizing minimal solvent volumes and offering quick turnaround times. This method is a valuable tool for the rapid screening of bacterial strains for IAA production, facilitating the optimization of growth conditions in agricultural biotechnology applications.
Research of the process of enzymatic hydrolysis of milk whey proteins and soy proteins
Authors: Dekusha Hanna , Avdieieva Lesia , Kozak Mykola
Published: December 2024

The paper deals with studies of enzymatic proteolysis of whey protein concentrate (WPC) and isolated soy protein (ISP) with food enzymes for the further creation of products for special dietary purposes. It has been shown that the use of the discrete pulse energy input method, developed at the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the Ukraine National Academy of Sciences, is an effective way to restore and dissolve high-protein products in an aqueous environment. The method makes it possible to reduce the duration of their recovery several times and improve the unsolubility index for ISP by 25% and for WPC by 33%. The dependence of the degree of hydrolysis of ISP and WPC on the mass fraction of the enzymes Protamex, Protease C and ORBAproteo P-1200 was studied. It was determined that hydrolysis of proteins at a mass fraction of enzyme of 5% (of the protein mass), a mass fraction of protein in an aqueous solution of 7.3-8.1%, a temperature of 55-57°C and pH of 6.1-6.2 for 60 min allows to obtain a degree of hydrolysis for ISP 65-75% with Protamex, 65-68% with Protease C and 55-60% with ORBAproteo P-1200. Under the same conditions, the degree of hydrolysis of WPC was 60-65% with Protease C, 50-52% with Protamex and 45-48% with ORBAproteo P-1200.
Environmental friendliness of the production of glycosaminoglycans by biotechnological means
Authors: Hryshchenko Maryna , Starovoitova Svitlana
Published: December 2024

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are an important biomolecule with wide applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and medicine. Traditionally obtained through extraction from animal tissues, this method poses contamination risks and quality control issues. Microbial engineering, or chemical synthesis, emerges as a promising eco-friendly, controlled, and cost-effective alternative for producing GAG. Animal tissue extraction has significant environmental drawbacks due to high energy and water consumption, as well as toxic waste emissions during raw material processing. It also risks transmitting zoonotic diseases from close animal contact and tissue processing. The microbiological method ensures high product purity and quality. Unlike animal sources, biotechnological production eliminates contamination risks and allows obtaining a pure product under controlled conditions. It is less costly and more environmentally friendly than traditional extraction methods. Moreover, it aligns with the growing cruelty-free and vegan cosmetics trend, as mandated by EU Regulation No. 1223/2009 on cosmetic products. However, natural GAG producers are zoonotic pathogens grown on media with sheep's blood and brain heart infusion. Their synthesis product contains endotoxins, requiring costly additional cleaning and isolation steps. This issue is addressed by developing new non-pathogenic producer strains capable of growing on eco-friendly media. Thus, it was possible to create Bacillus subtilis 3NA, which allows obtaining 7 g/l of hyaluronic acid, using technical glycerin as a carbon source. Also, it was possible to create Pichia pastoris capable of producing heparin with a concentration of 2.08 g/l in a medium with methanol.
Intellectual property law in the context of open access: challenges and opportunities for Ukrainian universities
Authors: Druzhkova Iryna
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the challenges and opportunities related to intellectual property (IP) rights in the context of open access in Ukrainian universities. The importance of open access to scientific research lies in promoting sustainable development by fostering innovation and disseminating knowledge. This aligns with the European Union's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 4 (Quality Education), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), and SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals). The paper analyzes how Ukrainian universities can support the development of open access while maintaining the protection of intellectual property and taking into account international legal standards and best practices.
The advancement of open access initiatives, exemplified by the Budapest and Berlin Declarations, underscores the global commitment to freely disseminating scientific research. Ukrainian universities actively embrace these principles, showcasing their research through conferences and establishing technoparks to foster innovation. Collaboration with industry clusters, like the Kyiv and Kharkiv IT Clusters, enhances the innovation ecosystem.
Leading Ukrainian universities, such as Taras Shevchenko National University and Lviv Polytechnic National University, contribute significantly to scientific progress. However, challenges persist, notably in patent maintenance due to issues like non-payment of fees.
Despite hurdles, these initiatives bolster the confidence of Ukrainian researchers and improve access to scientific information. By leveraging open access platforms and fostering innovation ecosystems, Ukrainian universities propel the nation's scientific and technical prowess, enhancing global competitiveness. In conclusion, the initiatives undertaken by Ukrainian universities to embrace open access principles and foster innovation demonstrate their commitment to advancing scientific research and contributing to global knowledge exchange. Despite challenges, such as patent maintenance issues, these universities play a pivotal role in enhancing Ukraine's scientific and technical capabilities.
Formation of the domestic market of gluten-free products in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Riznyk Anastasiia , Sylchuk Tetiana , Tsyrulnikova Vita , Dulka Olha , Tyshchenko Olena
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the use of promising domestic raw materials in the technology of innovative agglutinin products that create a new generation of food products. Given the current conditions in Ukraine, there is a lack of a wide and diverse range of food products for people suffering from genetic diseases. One of these diseases is celiac disease (gluten enteropathy), a multifactorial, progressive disease caused by damage to the villi of the small intestine by certain food components (wheat, rye, barley) containing the protein gluten.
One of the ways to reproduce the state policy in the field of healthy nutrition of Ukrainian population is to create highly efficient technologies in agricultural industry, search for new domestic raw materials and develop an innovative generation of food products rich in essential micronutrients. Sales of such products will expand the range of domestic bread products and help replace expensive imported gluten-free products.
In addition, the introduction of innovative technologies using domestic raw materials in domestic enterprises and hospitality facilities remains an equally pressing issue. Taking into account the opinion of experts and the results of international experience, it is obvious that the introduction of advanced technologies in Ukrainian production will create a new generation of safe food products for gluten-dependent consumers and solve an important problem of our time.
Ukraine’s social security in the context of overcoming military shocks
Authors: Burlay Tetiana , Blyznіuk Viktoriіa
Published: December 2024

The authors summarized the social consequences of war upheavals in the Ukraine’s economy. This made it possible to determine the elements and principles of ensuring social stability in the Ukrainian post-war society. The theoretical and methodological approach of social security was deepened with the elements of the policy of social quality and inclusiveness, which should ensure the effectiveness of public governance in post-war development. It is proved that in the pre-war period in Ukraine, no system was created that would correspond to the consensus model of the societies development, social goals of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU; and should ensure a balance between the state’s economic capabilities and the population expectations regarding well-being and quality of life. The reason for this phenomenon was insufficiently effective public governance and low institutional capacity of the state and social development of Ukraine. The article summarizes ways of minimizing the consequences of war upheavals, overcoming military shocks and strengthening Ukrainian social security through policies in three key areas: employment; social protection and macro-financial stability. Special attention will be needed to develop the potential of the national social protection system in accordance with the ILO experts’ recommendations on increasing the share of social expenditures in Ukraine as a country with lower average incomes.
European support Ukraine facility: problems and challenges
Authors: Ivanov Yuriy , Karpova Vlada , Revenko Olena
Published: December 2024

As a result of the military aggression of the Russian Federation in Ukraine, the state budget deficit increased significantly, and tax revenues decreased. In these conditions, to ensure the economy and defense capability, Ukraine needs to receive external financing. In 2024, EU Regulation 2024/792 was adopted, which regulates the implementation of the Ukraine Facility program and provides for the provision of funding to Ukraine for the period from 2024 to 2027. Funding under EU Regulation 2024/792 depends on legislative reforms implemented in Ukraine. The article analyzes the consistency of the Plan for the Ukraine Facility with EU Regulation 2024/792. Problematic points that may prevent the implementation of the measures provided for in EU Regulation 2024/792 have been identified. It was found that the Plan of Ukraine contains a reference to the National Revenue Strategy until 2030, which the conditions specified in the National Economic Strategy until 2030 doesn’t fully meet. The Plan for the Ukraine Facility provides only directions for carrying out relevant reforms and lacks a specific toolkit for their implementation. In order to support the inflow of private investments, it is necessary to implement certain stimulation measures, including through the application of preferences in taxation, which is also expedient to provide for in the Plan for the Ukraine Facility. The identified problems require an urgent solution, as financial support from the EU within the framework of the Ukraine Facility program depends on this.
Integrating Sustainable Development Goals into enterprise target setting
Authors: Makovoz Oksana , Buriak Mykhailo
Published: December 2024

Traditional markers of success, like revenue and employee growth, are no longer enough. Businesses are increasingly recognizing the need to consider their social and environmental impact alongside financial performance. This article proposes a novel framework for sustainable scaling, built on four key components: fostering internal innovation, pursuing strategic regional expansion, leveraging geographical proximity, and establishing collaborative partnerships. We demonstrate how this framework aligns with the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure), and 17 (Partnerships for the Goals). However, achieving sustainable growth requires a broader definition of success. We propose a set of key performance indicators (KPIs) that extend beyond traditional metrics. These "sustainable KPIs" encompass social impact, environmental impact, economic growth, employee engagement, and operational efficiency. We explore how these KPIs are interconnected, demonstrating how focusing on one can positively influence another. Finally, the article utilizes case studies to showcase how companies have achieved impressive traditional scaling success while adhering to the principles of SDGs 8, 9, and 17. We further analyze how Patagonia and Chobani leveraged sustainable KPIs to not only achieve growth but also contribute positively to a more sustainable future.
Kynjað starfsumhverfi kvenkyns nýliða í grunnskólakennslu
Authors: Erlingsdóttir Aðalheiður Anna , Jóhannesson Ingólfur Ásgeir , Bjarnadóttir Valgerður S.
Published: December 2024

Rannsóknin er um hvernig nýlega brautskráðum kvenkyns kennurum í grunnskólum vegnaði í starfinu fyrstu árin, að hvaða leyti starfsumhverfi þeirra var kynjað og kvenvætt, og hvað reyndist styðjandi og hvað krefjandi. Greinin er byggð á viðtölum við fjóra kvenkyns nýliða sem rætt var við þrisvar til fjórum sinnum, á eins til tveggja ára tímabili. Konurnar fjórar voru á aldrinum 27–32 ára haustið 2021 þegar fyrstu viðtölin fóru fram og höfðu frá engri starfsreynslu til þriggja ára í fullu starfi sem kennarar eða leiðbeinendur. Fáir karlar voru að störfum með ungu konunum og þannig unnu kvenkyns kennararnir hver með annarri í margvíslegu teymissamstarfi og með kvenkyns stuðningsfulltrúum – með frekar fáum undantekningum; skólarnir sem vinnustaðir voru að miklu leyti kvennavinnustaðir. Viðmælendum okkar fannst munur á væntingum og kröfum til stuðningsfulltrúa innan skólanna eftir kyni. Minni kröfur væru gerðar til karlkyns stuðningsfulltrúa og þá virtust þeir bera minni ábyrgð. Í stöku tilvikum fannst þeim sama viðhorf eiga við um karlkyns kennara. Þeir styðjandi og krefjandi þættir sem voru mest áberandi voru víðtækt teymissamstarf kennaranna og samstarf við stuðningsfulltrúa. Viðmælendur upplifðu að teymissamstarf, dreifing álags og stuðningur samkennara væru miklir kostir við að vinna í teymi. Teymissamstarfið hjálpaði kennurunum ungu við að komast inn í starfið og veittist mikilvægur stuðningur við nýliðana. Vinna með stuðningsfulltrúunum reyndist vera krefjandi þáttur á sama tíma og starf þeirra var nauðsynlegt. Í sumum tilvikum var hlutverk þeirra óljóst. Höfundar telja að gjarna megi formgera nýliðaleiðsögn í kennsluteymum og brýn þörf sé á að skýra betur hlutverk stuðningsfulltrúa.
Sales innovation and synergy strategy of Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises in the context of digital transformation: A perspective from the affordance theory
Authors: Liu Wei , Ganbaatar Batkhuyag , Wang Zhengbin
Published: December 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of China’s pharmaceutical industry, this study investigates how pharmaceutical enterprises can achieve profitable sales innovation amid the process of digital transformation. Grounded in the Affordance theory, it posits that the positive impact of digital transformation on sales innovation is driven by the affordance afforded by digital technology and ubiquity. The research focuses on A-share pharmaceutical companies in China, utilizing data from 2012 to 2022 and employing multiple regression analysis to examine the influence of digital transformation on corporate sales innovation. The results demonstrate a significant positive effect of digital transformation on sales innovation. The study further categorizes digital transformation into technological affordance and ubiquity affordance, separately validating their roles in promoting sales innovation. Moreover, by considering synergistic effects, the research unveils the intricate relationship between digital transformation and corporate innovation performance. The findings provide a fresh perspective on understanding how digital technology propels sales innovation and offer concrete guidance for the digital transformation practices in the pharmaceutical industry.
Pierwszy, a nie czwarty
Authors: Zawadzki Witold
Published: December 2024

Gdy podczas wieczornego spaceru podziwiamy nieboskłon usiany tysiącami gwiazd, nie zdajemy sobie sprawy z tego, że te jasne punkciki to w rzeczywistości przeogromne kule materii znajdującej się w stanie plazmy.
Electrode Selection and Catalyst Evaluation in Hydrogen Production from Alkaline Water Electrolysis: A Review
Authors: Walke Santosh , Bhambare Parimal , Rizwan Syed , Al Rashdi Shabib
Published: December 2024

Generating hydrogen, through alkaline water electrolysis shows promise as an energy source. This review delves into the significance of choosing the electrodes and evaluating catalysts to enhance the efficiency and performance of hydrogen production. It summarizes the activation energy and losses linked to reactions in alkaline electrolysis emphasizing the necessity for electrode materials and catalysts. The review also touches upon challenges such as electricity consumption and platinum group metal based electro catalysts proposing various electrode materials and catalysts with superior activity and selectivity for hydrogen production. Additionally, it discusses electrolysis cell designs that facilitate separating by-products from hydrogen gas. The study reveals that with low over potentials of 70, 318, and 361 mV at 10, 500, and 1000 mA cm−2, respectively, NiOx/NF exhibits strong alkaline hydrogen evolution activity, resulting in great performance in alkaline HER. Moreover, it outlines advancements in alkaline water electrolysis technology focusing on enhanced efficiency and reduced operating costs associated with electricity consumption. Overall this review underscores the role of selecting electrodes and evaluating catalysts in optimizing hydrogen production from alkaline water electrolysis.
Integration of Regional and Global Quaternary Data: A Comprehensive Review to Enhance Understanding and Strategic Planning of Environmental Futures, Case of Morocco
Authors: Mourjane Mohammed , Tabyaoui Hassan , El Hammichi Fatima , Azzouzi Nassareddine
Published: December 2024

The Quaternary, a period spanning the last 2.58 million years, is crucial for understanding the climatic and environmental dynamics that have shaped the modern planet. This article explores how data specific to Morocco fit into the global context of Quaternary studies, drawing parallels between local and global information to reveal significant trends and features. By examining paleoclimatic, geomorphological, archaeological and palaeobotanical data, the analysis highlights similarities and differences between local and global observations. The results show that Moroccan data, although reflecting global trends, present specificities that enrich the understanding of climatic and environmental processes at the regional level. This integration not only makes it possible to complete global models but also to identify the local impacts of climate change, thus offering a more nuanced view of Quaternary dynamics and the challenges posed by current climate change.
Comparative analysis of temperature and precipitation changes in the city of Shumen for the periods 1971-1980 and 2013-2023
Authors: Vladev Dimitar , Yotov Yoram
Published: December 2024

The main climatic elements and meteorological phenomena in the area of the meteorological observatory in the city of Shumen were studied for the periods 1971-1980 and 2013-2023. A detailed analysis of changes in temperatures and precipitation has been carried out, revealing the trends in their changes. Significant differences in temperature were found between the warm and cold part of the year. For the period 1971-1980, the average January temperatures are from -3.0°C to +2.5°C, and the average June temperatures from +18.4°C to +21.3°C, while for the period 2013-2023 they are, respectively, the average January temperatures from –2.8°C to +5.7°C, and the average June temperatures from +19.1°C to +22.3°C. Temperature analysis reveals warmer months of January and June for the period 2013-2023. The average annual temperature for the period 1971-1980 is +10.73°C., while for the period 2013-2023 it is +12.48°C, i.e. for the second period an increase of 1.75°C is reported. The average maximum monthly temperatures for the city of Shumen for the period 1971-1980 in the summer range from +17.6 to +21.8°C, while for the period 2013-2023 they are from +19.1 to +24.6°C., i.e. for the second period, an increase of about 2°C is reported. The same trend is observed for the average annual temperature amplitudes, which in the period 1971-1980 were from 20°C to 24.4°C, while for the period 2013-2023. are from 19.9°C to 25.8°C. The average annual precipitation for both periods is approximately the same (1971-1980 - 608.64 mm; 2013-2023 - 648.89 mm), but by year in the period 2013-2023 there are very large differences - from 418.4 mm (2019) to 1185.4 mm (2014). Four years of the 2013-2023 period: 2019, 2020, 2022, and 2023 can clearly be identified as years of significant drought. The complex analysis of the climate of the city of Shumen allowed in the final part of the study to draw conclusions about the prevailing types and classes of weather.
More-than-human in the garden: Living with Homo hortensis
Authors: Schwarz Astrid
Published: December 2024

In contrast to Homo faber, Homo hortensis does not side with technical production. He is dependent on dealing with inhomogeneous, ‘impure’ ensembles and can thus offer an interesting approach of acting in the age of the Anthropocene. Dealing with the interweaving of the natural and the artificial, craftsmanship and mechanization, local traditional and scientific knowledge is inherent in gardening practice and has been this way for centuries. Homo hortensis is a genuinely technoscientific person for whom the garden is an ecotechnical product of co-produced knowledge and material. The garden is a counterpart and demands attentive perception, and in this sense offers a model for a convivial mode to live with many others. The garden demands a sense of situatedness and requires the gardener to constantly position himself in his gardening work. This is where Homo hortensis differs dramatically from other forms of horticultural management, for example in geoengineering, industrial agriculture and many sustainability industries.
The relationship between breast cancer and thyroid autoimmune disorders in southeast Iran: A case-control study
Authors: Nosratzehi Shahin , Hashemi Seyed Mehdi , Payandeh Abolfazl , Bolouri Ahmad , Okati Fahimeh
Published: December 2024

Objective. To better understand the role of thyroid hormones in regulating the growth of breast epithelial cells and the estrogen-like effects of these hormones, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between breast cancer and thyroid autoimmune disorders in southeast Iran women.

Methods. In this case-control study, in the case group, all newly diagnosed breast cancer pa­tients referred to the oncology clinics in Zahedan city in years 2021‒2022 were studied. The num­ber of participants in each group was represented by 40 breast cancer patients. The control group was represented by women without breast cancer. The sampling method was simple or available using the nonprobability method. The presence or absence of thyroid dysfunction was checked using thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxin (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and anti-thyroglobulin (Tg) tests.

Results. The mean age of participants was 47±11 years. The risk of subclinical hyperthyroid­ism was higher in subjects with breast cancer and about 8 times higher than in the healthy ones (OR=8.27). According to the value of OR=1, the risk of developing autoimmune thyroid disease was the same in individuals with breast cancer as in healthy individuals. The odds ratio of hypothy­roidism could not be calculated because the value in the control group was zero.

Conclusion. The results of this study show that there are abnormal characteristics of the thy­roid gland in breast cancer patients compared to the control group. The incidence of subclinical hyperthyroidism was significantly increased in the breast cancer patients. However, there was no difference in the incidence of autoimmune thyroid disease between the two groups.
THE EFFECT OF ISLAMIC MARKETING MIX AND BRAND IMAGE ON PURCHASING DECISIONS AT CANTING BATIK STORES IN BANDA ACEH
Authors: Mauliani Mela , Nizam Ahmad
Published: December 2024

The study aims to determine the effect of Islamic marketing mix and brand image on purchasing decisions at batik canting shops in Banda Aceh. This research uses quantitative methods, where the population used in this study are canting batik customers with a sample of 82 respondents obtained through purposive sampling technique. The data used in this study are primary data. Primary data was obtained from distributing questionnaires to respondents. The analysis used is Multiple Linear Regression. The results of this study indicate that partially the product and brand image variables have no effect on purchasing decisions, while the price, place, and promotion variables partially have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Then simultaneously, the variables of product, price, place, promotion and brand image have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions at the Canting Batik shop in Banda Aceh. Therefore, it is hoped that the cantng batik shop can pay more attention to brand image and improve products both in terms of quality and quantity.Keyword : Islamic Marketing Mix,Brand Image, purchasing decisions
PENGARUH PENENTUAN HARGA DAN PERILAKU KONSUMEN MUSLIM TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN DI RESTORAN ALL YOU CAN EAT DENGAN MINAT SEBAGAI MEDIASI PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Sanura Tarina Putri , Afandi Fitrah
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh antara Penentuan harga dan perilaku konsumen muslim terhadap keputusan pembelian pada restoran all you can eat di Kota Banda Aceh dengan minat sebagai mediasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian merupakan masyarakat muslim di Kota Banda Aceh berusia 20-50 tahun, dan pernah berkunjung ke restoran all you can eat di  Kota Banda Aceh berjumlah 112 orang yang diambil berdasarkan teknik heirs. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner, alat analisis yang digunakan meliputi uji validitas dan reliabilitas, Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis jalur (Path Analysis). Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa penentuan harga dan perilaku konsumen muslim berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Penentuan harga dan perilaku konsumen muslim berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat. Minat memediasi secara parsial pengaruh penentuan harga dan perilaku konsumen muslim terhadap keputusan pembelian. Temuan dari penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan gambaran dan wawasan yang berharga untuk konsumen, produsen dan pembuat kebijakan karena penelitian ini menyoroti tentang penentuan harga, perilaku konsumen muslim terhadap keputusan pembelian.