bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How and when voluntary citizenship behaviour towards individuals triggers vicious knowledge hiding: the roles of moral licensing and the mastery climate
Authors: He Peixu , Anand Amitabh , Wu Mengying , Jiang Cuiling , Xia Qing
Published: January 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how voluntary citizenship behaviour towards an individual (VCB-I) is linked with vicious knowledge hiding (VKH), and why members, within a mastery climate, tend to participate in less VKH after their engaging in VCB-I. The authors, according to the moral licensing theory, propose that moral licensing mediates the relationship between VCB-I and VKH, and that a mastery climate weakens the hypothesised link via moral licensing.

Design/methodology/approach

This study surveys 455 valid matching samples of subordinates and supervisors from 77 working teams in China at two time points and explores the relationship between VCB and VKH, as well as the underlying mechanism. A confirmatory factor analysis, bootstrapping method and hierarchical linear model were used to validate the research hypotheses.

Findings

The results show that VCB-I has a significant positive effect on VKH; moral credentials play a mediating role in the relationship between VCB-I and VKH; and the mastery climate moderates the positive effect of moral credentials on VKH and the mediating effect of moral credentials. In a high-mastery climate, the direct effect of moral credentials on VKH and the indirect influence of VCB-I on VKH through moral credentials are both weakened, and conversely, both effects are enhanced in a low-mastery climate. However, contrary to the expected hypothesis, moral credits do not mediate the relationship between VCB-I and VKH, which may be due to the differences in the mechanisms between the two moral licensing models.

Originality/value

Prior research has mainly focused on the “victim-centric” perspective to examine the impacts of others’ behaviour on employees’ knowledge hiding. Few works have used the “actor-centric” perspective to analyse the relationship between employees’ prior workplace behaviour and their subsequent knowledge hiding intention. In addition, this study enriches the field research on the voluntary aspects of organisational citizenship behaviour, which differs from its involuntary ones.
The magnitude of stress concentration of I-beam with web opening because of lateral-torsional buckling effects
Authors: Hashim Nor Salwani , De’nan Fatimah
Published: January 2023

Purpose

It is generally known that the perforated section such as the castellated section is good to sustain distributed loads but inadequate to sustain highly concentrated loads. Therefore, it is possible to design the opening in a different arrangement of web opening to achieve section efficiency, thus improving the strength and torsional behaviour of the section with web opening. This study aims to focus on the finite element analysis of I-beam with and without openings in steel section dominated to lateral-torsional buckling behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach

In this work, the analysis of different sizes, shapes and arrangements of web opening is performed by using LUSAS application to conduct numerical analysis on lateral-torsional buckling behaviour. This involves three diameter sizes of web opening, five types of opening shapes and two criteria of the model.

Findings

The section with c-hexagon web opening was placed about 200-mm centre to centre and 100-mm edge distance, contribute to 7.26% increase of buckling capacity. For the section with 150-mm centre to centre and 50-mm edge distance, the occurrence of local buckling contributes to decrease of lateral buckling section capacity to 19.943 kNm, where pure lateral-torsional buckling mostly occurred because of prevented section. Besides that, the web opening diameter was also analysed. The web crippling was observed because of the increase of opening diameter from 0.67 to 0.80 D.

Originality/value

This contributes to a decrease in buckling capacity as figured in the contour of the deformed shape. For Model 1, an increase of buckling capacity (31.46%) is observed when the opening diameter are changed from 0.67 to 0.80 D.
Recent advances in whey processing and valorisation: Technological and environmental perspectives
Authors: Buchanan Dominic , Martindale Wayne , Romeih Ehab , Hebishy Essam
Published: January 2023

Whey has several environmental risks if disposed of as waste in watercourses. However, there are numerous valorisation techniques to convert it into valuable and highly nutritious products. Techniques such as membrane filtration may be utilised, but these are not applicable to all categories of whey. Novel methodologies that are agile enough to deal with whey variability can produce valorised products. This review assesses the capability of whey processing techniques, applications and methodologies, discussing pertinent research that can innovate product development further. It focuses on environmental impacts of whey as a waste and ways of minimising it.
Allergenicity of peanut allergens and its dependence on the structure
Authors: Geng Qin , Zhang Ying , Song Min , Zhou Xiaoya , Tang Yu , Wu Zhihua , Chen Hongbing
Published: January 2023

Food allergies are a global food safety problem. Peanut allergies are common due, in part, to their popular utilization in the food industry. Peanut allergy is typically an immunoglobulin E‐mediated reaction, and peanuts contain 17 allergens belonging to different families in peanut. In this review, we first introduce the mechanisms and management of peanut allergy, followed by the basic structures of associated allergens. Subsequently, we summarize methods of epitope localization for peanut allergens. These methods can be instrumental in speeding up the discovery of allergenicity‐dependent structures. Many attempts have been made to decrease the allergenicity of peanuts. The structures of hypoallergens, which are manufactured during processing, were analyzed to strengthen the desensitization process and allergen immunotherapy. The identification of conformational epitopes is the bottleneck in both peanut and food allergies. Further, the identification and modification of such epitopes will lead to improved strategies for managing and preventing peanut allergy. Combining traditional wet chemistry research with structure simulation studies will help in the epitopes’ localization.
Electric scooter‐related trauma, alcohol and other drugs
Authors: Mitra Biswadev , Heald Eleanor , Sri‐Ganeshan Muhuntha , MacSuibhne Eanna , Edwards Elton , Cameron Peter A
Published: January 2023

Objective

To report the frequency of electric scooter‐related trauma and association with alcohol and other drug (AOD) use.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including presentations from 1 January 2017 to 31 May 2022 to a metropolitan health service.

Results

There were 272 cases included, with increasing frequency, of which 65 (24%) had AOD exposure. Most AOD‐related trauma occurred at night, among males, without helmet use, had higher injury severity, requirement for surgical intervention and longer hospital length of stay.

Conclusions

Urgent preventive measures with a focus on reducing AOD exposure and promoting of helmet use is indicated.
Synthesis of MoO3−x nanosheets and its application in ascorbic acid detection of fruit and vegetables
Authors: Zeng Qingxiao , Ruan Li , Che Xingyan , Shu Xiaolan , Jin Jian , Lv Zhenzhen , Luo Zhongwei , Zhang Wen
Published: January 2023

A new method combining ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry and MoO3−x nanosheets was developed for the rapid and accurate determination of ascorbic acid (AA) content in fruit and vegetables in this study. MoO3−x nanosheets were prepared by the liquid exfoliation method using AA as the reducing agent, and the content of AA can be determined by a UV spectrophotometer. Experimental conditions for the MoO3−x nanosheet method, including grinding time, ethanol concentration, sonication time, and water bath temperature were also optimized. The morphology of MoO3−x nanosheets was characterized by atomic force microscope. The results showed that the average thickness of MoO3−x nanosheets was 2.1–5.8 nm. The MoO3−x nanosheets method had a good linearity in the AA concentration range of 0.01–0.05 mg/ml (R2 = 0.9996). The limit of detection was 0.031 µg/ml, and the limit of quantitation was 0.095 µg/ml. The spiked recoveries were in the range of 88.79%–116.76%. The MoO3−x nanosheets method was validated for the determination of AA content in five different fruit and vegetables samples with relative standard deviations less than 2%.
War exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder, and complex posttraumatic stress disorder among parents living in Ukraine during the Russian war
Authors: Karatzias Thanos , Shevlin Mark , Ben‐Ezra Menachem , McElroy Eoin , Redican Enya , Vang Maria Louison , Cloitre Marylene , Ho Grace W. K. , Lorberg Boris , Martsenkovskyi Dmytro , Hyland Philip
Published: January 2023

Background

High rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been documented in war‐affected populations. The prevalence of Complex PTSD (CPTSD) has never been assessed in an active war zone. Here, we provide initial data on war‐related experiences, and prevalence rates of ICD‐11 PTSD and CPTSD in a large sample of adults in Ukraine during the Russian war. We also examined how war‐related stressors, PTSD, and CPTSD were associated with age, sex, and living location in Ukraine.

Method

Self‐report data were gathered from a nationwide sample of 2004 adult parents of children under 18 from the general population of Ukraine approximately 6 months after Russia's invasion.

Results

All participants were exposed to at least one war‐related stressor, and the mean number of exposures was 9.07 (range = 1–26). Additionally, 25.9% (95% CI = 23.9%, 27.8%) met diagnostic requirements for PTSD and 14.6% (95% CI = 12.9%, 16.0%) met requirements for CPTSD. There was evidence of a strong dose–response relationship between war‐related stressors and meeting criteria for PTSD and CPTSD. Participants who had the highest exposure to war‐related stressors were significantly more likely to meet the requirements for PTSD (OR = 4.20; 95% CI = 2.96–5.95) and CPTSD (OR = 8.12; 95% CI = 5.11–12.91) compared to the least exposed.

Conclusions

Humanitarian responses to the mental health needs of the Ukrainian population will need to take account of posttraumatic stress reactions. Education in diagnosing and treating PTSD/CPTSD, especially in the situation of a significant lack of human resources and continuing displacement of the population, is necessary.
The impacts of cash transfers on household energy choices
Authors: Chakrabarti Averi , Handa Sudhanshu ,   Malawi and Zambia Cash Transfer Evaluation Teams
Published: January 2023

There are sizeable energy access deficits in the developing world. Leveraging panel data from the experimental impact evaluations of three unconditional cash transfer programs in Malawi and Zambia, we investigate how ultra‐poor households in rural areas adapt their energy portfolios when experiencing exogenous increases in income. Households make several changes to the primary fuel sources that they use on a regular basis after receiving 3 to 4 years of transfers—moving from fires to torches for lighting purposes and reducing collected firewood use for cooking purposes. In general, households are more likely to make income‐induced adjustments to lighting fuels than to cooking fuels. While facilitating some movement away from firewood (arguably the most inferior energy source), the unconditional cash transfers rarely enable households to completely abandon this fuel. This is understandable given the range of pressing needs facing the beneficiary households—such as food security, the enhancement of which is the primary purpose of the transfer programs. Although recipient households are able to meet a greater share of their energy needs with relatively improved fuels (such as charcoal/coal in Zambia) and obtain assets for generating solar power, the observed impacts are unlikely to be large enough to lead to meaningful health impacts (such as lower respiratory disease via reductions in indoor air pollution). However, the cash transfers appear to enhance well‐being in other ways through the energy use channel—for example, by reducing the time households spend foraging for fuel resources.
Predictors of stroke or systemic embolism in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation with CHA2DS2‐VASc score of 0
Authors: Choi Hyohun , Bae Myung Hwan , Park Yoon Jung , Park Hyuk Kyoon , Lee Eunkyu , Kim Myeong Seop , Park Jong Sung , Kim Hyeon Jeong , Park Bo Eun , Kim Hong Nyun , Kim Namkyun , Lee Jang Hoon , Jang Se Yong , Yang Dong Heon , Park Hun Sik , Cho Yongkeun
Published: January 2023

Background

Anticoagulant therapy has been important for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, it was not recommended due to its relatively higher risk of bleeding than its lower risk of stroke in patients with a CHA2DS2‐VASc score of 0.

Hypothesis

This study aimed to evaluate the predictors of stroke in AF patients with very low risk of stroke.

Methods

Between 1990 and 2020, 542 patients with non‐valvular AF (NVAF) with a CHA2DS2‐VASc score of 0 followed up for at least 6 months were enrolled. Patients with only being woman as a risk factor were included as a CHA2DS2‐VASc score of 0 in this study. The primary outcome was stroke or systemic embolism.

Results

The primary outcome rate was 0.78%/year. In Cox hazard model, age of ≥50 years at diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR] 6.710, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.811–24.860, p = .004), LVEDD of ≥46 mm (HR 4.513, 95% CI 1.038–19.626, p = .045), and non‐paroxysmal AF (HR 5.575, 95% CI 1.621–19.175, p = .006) were identified as independent predictors of stroke or systemic embolism. Patients with all three independent predictors had a higher risk of stroke or systemic embolism (4.21%/year), whereas those without did not have a stroke or systemic embolism.

Conclusion

The annual stroke or systemic embolism rate in NVAF patients with CHA2DS2‐VASc score of 0 was 0.78%/year, and age at AF diagnosis, LVEDD, and non‐paroxysmal AF were independent predictors of stroke or systemic embolism in patients considered to have a very low risk of stroke.
Coronary artery spasm treated with intracoronary bioresorbable scaffold implantation under the guidance of treadmill test and optical coherence tomography: A case report
Authors: Yang Yang , Jiang Xinghua , Guo Jun , Zou Kai , Huang Qianwei , Zhan Biming
Published: January 2023

Coronary artery spasm (CAS) can cause unstable angina, and the treatment of this disease is controversial. We report an elderly male patient who was admitted to hospital due to chest tightness. CAG showed that 70% stenosis in the middle of the right coronary artery (RCA). A bioresorbable scaffold (BRS) was implanted in the lesion under the guidance of optical coherence tomography (OCT). One year later, the patient's symptoms were relieved. The repeated CAG showed that the stent was good. BRS implantation under the guidance of treadmill test and OCT is one of treatment options for CAS patients.
Preclinical evaluation of the fluid dynamics and hemocompatibility of the Corheart 6 left ventricular assist device
Authors: Fang Peng , Yang Yuzhuo , Wei Xufeng , Yu Shunzhou
Published: January 2023

Background

Corheart 6 (Corheart) is a newly developed magnetically levitated continuous‐flow left ventricular assist device currently undergoing multicenter clinical trials in China. Featuring a small size, minimal weight, and low power consumption, the Corheart aims to improve pump hemocompatibility, reduce adverse events, and enhance the quality of life of heart failure patients.

Methods

Computational simulations assessed flow field, shear stress, and washout, while in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to further demonstrate hemocompatibility.

Results

Numerical results show that the flow path in the Corheart blood pump is well designed. There is no significantly high shear stress in the majority of the flow domain. Short secondary flow paths and small pump size (small priming volume) provide good washing (0.049 and 0.165 s to remove 55% and 95% old blood, respectively), allowing low hemolysis levels both in computational and in vitro hemolysis tests (in vitro hemolysis index ranges from 0.00092 ± 0.00006 g/100 L to 0.00134 ± 0.00019 g/100 L). Good hemocompatibility was further evidenced by ten 60‐day sheep implants tested with relatively low flow rates of 2.0 ± 0.2 L/min; the results showed no hemolysis or thrombosis.

Conclusions

Numerical and experimental results shed light on the fluid dynamics characteristics and hemocompatibility of the Corheart. It is believed that the Corheart will provide more promising possibilities for minimally invasive implantation techniques and for those patients with a small body surface area.
Personas of pregnant and parenting women with substance use and their barriers and pathways to system engagement
Authors: Foti Tara R. , Cragun Deborah , Mackie Joanna , Agu Ngozichukwuka , Bell Megan , Marshall Jennifer
Published: January 2023

Background

Women with prenatal substance use have been identified as at‐risk for the lack of engagement in perinatal services, such as medical care and home visitation programs. This issue is of particular concern in Florida (United States) where rates of fetal substance exposure have been steadily increasing.

Methods

To identify pathways of and barriers to perinatal system and service engagement, journey mapping was used to compile various personas of perinatal women with substance use. A structured guide was developed to elicit maternal personas, system and service touchpoints, and system strengths and weaknesses from focus group participants with statewide stakeholders, including perinatal service administrators and community coalition members within three Florida communities. Workshop transcripts, debriefing, and member‐checking sessions were transcribed verbatim and analyzed manually.

Results

Six journey‐mapping workshops and two member‐checking meetings with mothers in‐recovery were conducted with a total of 109 participants. Four personas were identified: women who (1) have substance use on a recreational basis, (2) have prescription drug use/misuse, (3) have chronic substance dependence, and (4) are in‐recovery from substance dependence. Pathways that promote and barriers that prevent perinatal women with substance use from being identified, referred, or willing to accept and engage in medical care and social services were identified.

Conclusions

While these personas shed light on differential pathways experienced by women with OUD, they were not intended as fixed‐member groups but rather fluid descriptions of circumstances in which individuals could shift over time. These personas are beneficial to understand differences in circumstances, as well as variations in pathways and barriers to service engagement. Additionally, personas may be used to identify approaches to optimize service engagement by perinatal women with substance use and to support system improvements and integrations.
Potential medicinal value of N6‐methyladenosine in autoimmune diseases and tumours
Authors: Geng Qishun , Cao Xiaoxue , Fan Danping , Wang Qiong , Wang Xing , Zhang Mengxiao , Zhao Lu , Jiao Yi , Deng Tingting , Liu Honglin , Zhou Jing , Lou Yanni , Liang Jing , Xiao Cheng
Published: January 2023

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are closely related to malignant tumours. On the one hand, ADs can increase the incidence of tumours; on the other hand, malignant tumours can cause rheumatic disease‐like manifestations. With the increasing depth of analysis into the mechanism of N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification, it has been found that changes in m6A‐related modification enzymes are closely related to the occurrence and development of ADs and malignant tumours. In this review, we explore the pathogenesis of ADs and tumours based on m6A modification. According to systematic assessment of the similarities between ADs and tumours, m6A may represent a common target of both diseases. At present, most of the drugs targeting m6A are in the research and development stage, not in clinical trials. Therefore, advancing the development of drugs targeting m6A is of great significance for both the combined treatment of ADs and malignant tumours and improving the quality of life and prognosis of patients.
Origine, développement et ancrage territorial des microbrasseries artisanales : le cas de l'Est‐du‐Québec
Authors: Garneau Félix , Doloreux David , Shearmur Richard
Published: January 2023

Cet article porte sur le développement d'une nouvelle industrie, à savoir l'industrie brassicole dans la région périphérique de l'Est‐du‐Québec. Son objectif consiste à comprendre et décrire les principales activités des microbrasseries pour déceler leur apport au développement des régions de l'Est‐du‐Québec, à savoir le Bas‐Saint‐Laurent et Gaspésie–Îles‐de‐la‐Madeleine. Les résultats de notre analyse permettent d'apporter des enseignements nouveaux sur la contribution de cette industrie au développement de ces deux régions.
Beyond Single‐Mindedness: A Figure‐Ground Reversal for the Cognitive Sciences
Authors: Dingemanse Mark , Liesenfeld Andreas , Rasenberg Marlou , Albert Saul , Ameka Felix K. , Birhane Abeba , Bolis Dimitris , Cassell Justine , Clift Rebecca , Cuffari Elena , De Jaegher Hanne , Novaes Catarina Dutilh , Enfield N. J. , Fusaroli Riccardo , Gregoromichelaki Eleni , Hutchins Edwin , Konvalinka Ivana , Milton Damian , Rączaszek‐Leonardi Joanna , Reddy Vasudevi , Rossano Federico , Schlangen David , Seibt Johanna , Stokoe Elizabeth , Suchman Lucy , Vesper Cordula , Wheatley Thalia , Wiltschko Martina
Published: January 2023

A fundamental fact about human minds is that they are never truly alone: all minds are steeped in situated interaction. That social interaction matters is recognized by any experimentalist who seeks to exclude its influence by studying individuals in isolation. On this view, interaction complicates cognition. Here, we explore the more radical stance that interaction co‐constitutes cognition: that we benefit from looking beyond single minds toward cognition as a process involving interacting minds. All around the cognitive sciences, there are approaches that put interaction center stage. Their diverse and pluralistic origins may obscure the fact that collectively, they harbor insights and methods that can respecify foundational assumptions and fuel novel interdisciplinary work. What might the cognitive sciences gain from stronger interactional foundations? This represents, we believe, one of the key questions for the future. Writing as a transdisciplinary collective assembled from across the classic cognitive science hexagon and beyond, we highlight the opportunity for a figure‐ground reversal that puts interaction at the heart of cognition. The interactive stance is a way of seeing that deserves to be a key part of the conceptual toolkit of cognitive scientists.
Acknowledgment or empathy: A critique of Mulhall's reading of Cavell
Authors: Altonji Alexander
Published: January 2023

This article critiques Stephen Mulhall's reading of Cavell's response to skepticism. In the first half of the article, I argue that Mulhall is mistaken in two respects: he elides differences Cavell notes between external world and other minds skepticism as well as conflates empathetic projection and acknowledgment. In the second half of the article, I argue for a novel reading of Cavell's account of acknowledgment, which addresses the concerns I raise for Mulhall. The paper closes by considering and responding to a worry that one's efforts at acknowledgment are more complicated projections of one's self onto the other.
Putting the fish into inland fisheries – A global allocation of historic inland fish catch
Authors: Ainsworth Rachel F. , Cowx Ian G. , Funge‐Smith Simon J.
Published: January 2023

Inland waters support the livelihoods of up to 820 million people and provide fisheries that make an essential contribution towards food security, particularly in the developing world where 90% of inland fisheries catch is consumed. Despite their importance, inland fisheries are overlooked in favour of other water use sectors deemed more economically important. Inland fisheries are also driven by external factors such as climate change and habitat loss, which impedes our ability to manage them sustainably. Using a river basin approach to allocate fish catch, we have provided an integrated picture of how different inland water bodies contribute to global inland fisheries catches. There is a substantial amount of information available on inland fisheries, but it has never been synthesised to build this global picture. Fishery statistics from river basins, lakes, floodplains, hydrobasins, and countries covering a time span from 1960–2018 were analysed. Collation of basin‐scale fisheries statistics suggests a global inland catch of ≈17.4 million tonnes (PSE = ±3.93 million tonnes) in 2010, considerably more than the 10.8 million tonnes published by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), but in line with estimates based on household consumption. The figure is considered a likely maximum due to recent reductions in catches because of closures, threats, and fisheries declines in the most productive fisheries. It is recommended that sentinel fisheries, which are important for food provision, employment, or where threats facing a fishery could cause a deterioration in catch, are identified to provide the baseline for a global monitoring programme.
Warming and hypoxia reduce the performance and survival of northern bay scallops (Argopecten irradians irradians) amid a fishery collapse
Authors: Tomasetti Stephen J. , Hallinan Brendan D. , Tettelbach Stephen T. , Volkenborn Nils , Doherty Owen W. , Allam Bassem , Gobler Christopher J.
Published: January 2023

Warming temperatures and diminishing dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations are among the most pervasive drivers of global coastal change. While regions of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean are experiencing greater than average warming, the combined effects of thermal and hypoxic stress on marine life in this region are poorly understood. Populations of the northern bay scallop,Argopecten irradians irradiansacross the northeast United States have experienced severe declines in recent decades. This study used a combination of high‐resolution (~1 km) satellite‐based temperature records, long‐term temperature and DO records, field and laboratory experiments, and high‐frequency measures of scallop cardiac activity in an ecosystem setting to quantify decadal summer warming and assess the vulnerability of northern bay scallops to thermal and hypoxic stress across their geographic distribution. From 2003 to 2020, significant summer warming (up to ~0.2°C year−1) occurred across most of the bay scallop range. At a New York field site in 2020, all individuals perished during an 8‐day estuarine heatwave that coincided with severe diel‐cycling hypoxia. Yet at a Massachusetts site with comparable DO levels but lower daily mean temperatures, mortality was not observed. A 96‐h laboratory experiment recreating observed daily temperatures of 25 or 29°C, and normoxia or hypoxia (22.2% air saturation), revealed a 120‐fold increased likelihood of mortality in the 29°C‐hypoxic treatment compared with control conditions, with scallop clearance rates also reduced by 97%. Cardiac activity measurements during a field deployment indicated that low DO and elevated daily temperatures modulate oxygen consumption rates and likely impact aerobic scope. Collectively, these findings suggest that concomitant thermal and hypoxic stress can have detrimental effects on scallop physiology and survival and potentially disrupt entire fisheries. Recovery of hypoxic systems may benefit vulnerable fisheries under continued warming.
A framework for implementing Patient and Public Involvement in mental health research: The PATHWAY research programme benchmarked against NIHR standards
Authors: Capobianco Lora , Faija Cintia , Cooper Bethany , Brown Lindsey , McPhillips Rebecca , Shields Gemma , Wells Adrian
Published: January 2023

Background

Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in research has become a key component recommended by research commissioners, grant award bodies and specified in government policies. Despite the increased call for PPI, few studies have demonstrated how to implement PPI within large‐scale research studies.

Objective

The aim of the current study was to provide a case example of the implementation of a patient advisory group in a large‐scale mental health research programme (PATHWAY) and to benchmark this against UK standards.

Method

A PPI group was incorporated throughout the PATHWAY research programme, from grant development to dissemination. The group attended regular meetings and supported participant recruitment, evaluated patient‐facing documents, supported the piloting of the research intervention and co‐developed the dissemination and impact strategy. The implementation of PPI throughout the project was benchmarked against the UK standards for PPI.

Results

The inclusion of PPI in the PATHWAY project provided tangible changes to the research project (i.e., improving study documents, co‐developing dissemination materials) but also proved to be a beneficial experience to PPI members through the development of new skills and the opportunity to provide a patient voice in research. We show how PPI was involved across seven study phases and provide examples of implementation of the six UK standards. The study did not include PPI in data analysis but met all the UK standards for PPI. Challenges regarding practical components (i.e., meeting frequency, language use), increasing diversity and PPI members' knowledge of research were highlighted as areas for further improvement.

Conclusions

We provide a case example of how PPI can be implemented throughout a research lifecycle and we note the barriers faced and make suggestions for PPI in future implementation and research.

Patient and Public Contribution

PPI members were involved throughout the lifecycle of the research programme. The PPI lead was a co‐author on the manuscript and contributed to report writing.
How research into healthcare staff use and non‐use of e‐books led to planning a joint approach to e‐book policy and practice across UK and Ireland healthcare libraries
Authors: Gorring Hélène , Duffy Denise , Forde Alison , Irving Donna , Morgan Katherine , Nicholas Katie
Published: January 2023

The research goals were to obtain an understanding of who the users of e‐books in the NHS are, what they are using e‐books for, and when and how they use them. This article presents the methodology used and the findings from the research. It also explores the outputs and next steps from the research, both for the individual countries and collectively. The Five Nations group, (library leads in England, Northern Ireland, Ireland, Scotland and Wales) commissioned research into healthcare staff use and non‐use of e‐books to understand the behaviours, needs and expectations of healthcare staff and to identify shared challenges around e‐books to inform policy and practice.
Beyond presence: Creating attractive online retailing stores through the cool AR technology
Authors: Zhang Min , Li Yiwei , Li Yuzhuo , Ren Xingyao
Published: January 2023

Augmented reality (AR) is increasingly coming into the spotlight for its potential to improve the consumer experience through the creation of presence. This research aims to explore the theoretical mechanisms through which AR‐based product presentation influences online store attractiveness and whether the effects differ in the purchasing contexts of hedonic and utilitarian product types. From the perspective of consumers' bidimensional experience, we find that AR increases online store attractiveness by creating perceived coolness (intrinsic attribute) and spatial presence experience (extrinsic attribute), which would further have a positive impact on consumers' purchase intention. The mediating mechanisms are different in purchasing contexts of various product types: for hedonic products, perceived coolness and spatial presence are parallel mediating factors leading to the improvement of online store attractiveness; while for utilitarian products, only the mediation effect of spatial presence presents. Our findings enrich the literature on AR marketing by proposing an insightful mediating force (i.e., perceived coolness) to complement the effect of presence, and explore the different purchasing contexts. We also provide managerial guidance for e‐retailers to differentiate AR interface design for diverse product types to apply AR technology effectively.
Sargassum vulgare extract as a bio‐elicitor of natural stilbenes production and antioxidant potential in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) sprouts
Authors: Ghozlen Hajer Ben , Werbrouck Stefaan P.O. , Mangelinckx Sven
Published: January 2023

Trans‐resveratrol is a natural polyphenolic compound, belonging to the class of stilbenes. It is known for its various pharmacological properties but limited bioavailability. Our objective was to evaluate for the first time the effect of an extract of Sargassum vulgare on resveratrol, piceatannol and piceid production in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) sprouts. Treatments with rising concentrations of seaweed extract were assessed in ‘Trabelsia’, ‘Chanfakhi’ and ‘American’ peanut varieties after 7 days of incubation. Liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry was performed to quantify targeted compounds. Total phenols and flavonoids content, PAL and TAL activity and DPPH radical scavenging activity were also determined. A significant genotype effect was demonstrated, as quite exceptionally, in ‘Trabelsia’ the resveratrol content was increased by a factor 110 by elicitation with 8% extract. Piceatannol, piceid, TPC, TFC, PAL, TAL, and DPPH radical scavenging activity confirmed the same trend. This study provides a new insight into an effective approach to enable the accumulation of resveratrol and its derivatives in peanut sprouts for use as a functional food.
Physicochemical and digestive properties of Lipu taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) flour and starch
Authors: Tu Lian , Nisar Tanzeela , Lv Chun‐Qiu , Yang Zhang‐Feng , Fang Zhongxiang , Wang Zi‐Chao , Lin Ying
Published: January 2023

Lipu taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) is a popular tuber crop in China. This study investigated the physicochemical and digestive properties of Lipu taro flour (LTF) and Lipu taro starch (LTS). The results showed that LTF was composed of LTS (79.13%) and non‐starch substances including protein (7.71%), lipid (0.32%), dietary fibre (2.13%), ash (1.05%) and moisture (9.17%). LTF had higher content of enzyme‐resistant starch (ERS, 36.52%) and the anon‐starch substances of protein and dietary fibre can inhibit the activity of digestive enzymes, which led to that LTF had a lower digestive degree during the in vitro gastrointestinal digestion than that of LTS. Moreover, LTS shared similar nutritional compositions including total starch (about 88%) and moisture (about 11%) to the commercial starches including rice, corn and wheat starches (RS, CS and WS, respectively). However, LTS showed the smallest particle size (0.485–7.211 μm) which conferred it the smallest DPn value (16725) compared with other high‐rapidly digestible starches (RDS) of RS and CS. The physical characteristics might have prevented the bonding of LTS to the digestive enzymes, leading to its lower digestive degree than that of RS and CS, and was comparable to the low‐RDS starch of WS. The results suggested that the consumption of LTF and LTS may not induce high glucose levels in human, suggesting Lipu taro is a healthy food.
How migration information campaigns shape local perceptions and discourses of migration in Harar city, Ethiopia
Authors: Pagogna Raffaella , Sakdapolrak Patrick
Published: January 2023

Migration‐information campaigns informing potential migrants about the risks of the journey and the harsh life conditions in the destination countries have emerged as prominent tools of migration management in the last decades. Despite their growing importance, little is known about their local implementation in countries of transit and origin as well as their influence on potential migrants' perceptions and experiences. The central objective of this paper is to understand how migration‐information campaigns are implemented on a local scale and how they shape the perception and discourses of migration in the region. We pursue a multi‐scalar analysis of international migration management policies and their outcomes in a specific place and link them with local migration aspirations. The paper is based on qualitative empirical research carried out in Harar, a medium‐sized city in the Harari regional state of Ethiopia. Drawing on interviews with government officials, NGOs, city dwellers, and return migrants, as well as the analysis of policy documents and scientific literature, we show how the local implementation of migration‐information campaigns shapes the local perceptions and discourses on migration within which migration aspirations are embedded. We found that information campaigns did not take into account the complexity and multifaceted nature of local socioeconomic and political conditions which reflects the discrepancy between policy discourses at large and people's perceptions.
Befriended to polarise? The impact of friend identity on review polarisation—A quasi‐experiment
Authors: Wang Lin , Wang Chong (Alex) , Yao Xinyan
Published: January 2023

Opinion polarisation in social media has recently become a significant issue. The existing literature mainly attributes polarisation to online friends' informational social influence, that is, users are more likely to interact with others with similar opinions, which leads to the echo chamber effect. However, the impact of social interaction on individual polarisation may also result from normative social influence, which varies with social settings on the platform. In this paper, we leverage a quasi‐experiment to investigate the normative social influence of online friends on focal users' review polarity. We use fixed effects and difference‐in‐differences approaches, along with propensity score matching, to address the potential endogeneity in users' friend function adoption decisions. Our results indicate that adopting the friend function leads users to post less extreme ratings. We further separate the reviews into positive and negative, finding that the reduction in the review polarity for positive reviews is more prominent than for negative ones. Regarding user heterogeneity, our causal forest analysis uncovers that users with a higher engagement level on the platform are less affected by adopting the friend function than those with less engagement. Our study has clear implications for managers and platform designers, highlighting the importance of social function design in reducing social media induced polarisation.
Optimizing wind farm cable layout considering ditch sharing
Authors: Cerveira Adelaide , de Sousa Amaro , Pires E. J. Solteiro , Baptista José
Published: January 2023

Wind power is becoming an important source of electrical energy production. In an onshore wind farm (WF), the electrical energy is collected at a substation from different wind turbines through electrical cables deployed over ground ditches. This work considers the WF layout design assuming that the substation location and all wind turbine locations are given, and a set of electrical cable types is available. The WF layout problem, taking into account its lifetime and technical constraints, involves selecting the cables to interconnect all wind turbines to the substation and the supporting ditches to minimize the initial investment cost plus the cost of the electrical energy that is lost on the cables over the lifetime of the WF. It is assumed that each ditch can deploy multiple cables, turning this problem into a more complex variant of previously addressed WF layout problems. This variant turns the problem best fitting to the real case and leads to substantial gains in the total cost of the solutions. The problem is defined as an integer linear programming model, which is then strengthened with different sets of valid inequalities. The models are tested with four WFs with up to 115 wind turbines. The computational experiments show that the optimal solutions can be computed with the proposed models for almost all cases. The largest WF was not solved to optimality, but the final relative gaps are small.
Indicators of health in Down syndrome: A virtual focus group study with patients and their parents
Authors: Santoro Stephanie L. , Cabrera Maria J. , Haugen Kelsey , Krell Kavita , Merker Vanessa L.
Published: January 2023

Background

Down syndrome has a unique medical and psychological profile. To date, few studies have asked individuals with Down syndrome about their views of health.

Methods

Eight focus groups of 20 parents and 8 individuals with Down syndrome, were conducted virtually via videoconferencing to obtain participants' views of health indicators. Focus group moderators employed some modifications for individuals with Down syndrome, including simplified language and use of graphics. Transcripts were coded using a hybrid inductive/deductive framework and thematically analysed using the Framework Method.

Results

We describe lessons learned in conducting virtual focus groups of individuals with Down syndrome and their parents. Individuals with Down syndrome could describe their views of health indicators and identified many of the same topics as their parents. Both groups discussed physical, mental, and social health components. However, people with Down syndrome gave a more restricted range of examples, but with different nuances than parents.

Conclusion

Participants discussed physical, social, and mental well‐being components of health in Down syndrome. Interviewing individuals with Down syndrome in virtual focus groups with appropriate modifications added important self‐report health information.
Pessimistic assessments of ability in informal conversation
Authors: Welker Christopher , Walker Jesse , Boothby Erica , Gilovich Thomas
Published: January 2023

Conversation is one of the most common ways of establishing social connection and satisfying the need to belong. But despite spending considerable time talking to others, many people report that engaging in informal conversation with anyone other than close friends and family makes them anxious. In this research, we explored people's assessments of their conversational ability. In Studies 1a–1c, we found that people are relatively pessimistic about their skills in conversation when compared to other common activities. We also provide support for the hypothesis that this pessimism is driven by a tendency to not engage in the usual pattern of self‐serving attributions when it comes to the positive and negative moments of conversations. Instead, people attribute the low points of a conversation more to themselves than to the other person (Studies 2 and 3). We discuss the origins of this attributional pattern, as well as other potential mechanisms underlying conversational pessimism, in the General Discussion.
Epistemic motivation facilitates advice seeking and utilization by groups
Authors: Yoon Young‐Jae , Larson James R. , Tindale R. Scott , Ro Hea‐Kyung
Published: January 2023

Drawing on a motivated information processing model, we tested the hypothesis that groups' receptivity to outside advice is facilitated by their epistemic motivation—the desire to gain an accurate understanding of the world. Epistemic motivation was measured by proxy in Study 1 using a team task reflexivity measure, and was experimentally manipulated in Studies 2 and 3 by varying, respectively, either the amount of time allotted to complete the task or whether a consensus judgment was required before receiving advice. Receptivity to advice was operationalized as group advice seeking in Studies 1 and 2, and as advice utilization in Study 3. In support of our hypothesis, groups with higher levels of epistemic motivation consistently sought out and utilized advice more than those with lower levels of epistemic motivation. Moreover, epistemic motivation affected judgment accuracy via groups' receptivity to advice.
Text analytics for uncovering untapped ideas at the intersection of learning design and learning analytics: Critical interpretative synthesis
Authors: Stoyanov Slavi , Kirschner Paul A.
Published: January 2023

Background

Learning analytics (LA) collects, analyses, and reports data from the learning environment, to provide evidence of the effects of a particular learning design. Learning design (LD) outlines the conceptual framework for a meaningful interpretation of Learning analytics data.

Objectives

The study aims to identify the most relevant concepts at the intersection of learning design and learning analytics, how these concepts are integrated into more general thematic areas, and the implications for the research and practice of the learning design and learning analytics synergy.

Methods

To this end, the study employs a critical interpretive synthesis (CIS) of the selected papers, and complements it with elements of systematic literature review as well as qualitative content analysis and text analytics that employ machine learning and language technology.

Results and conclusions

The most important themes identified are ‘analytics’, ‘learning’, ‘data’, ‘tools’, ‘research’, ‘framework’, ‘informed’, ‘model‐driven’, ‘participatory’, ‘technique’, ‘impact’, insight’, and ‘findings'. The text analytics detected two topic rarely explicitly discussed in the literature: ‘evidence‐informed instructional design approaches' and ‘design‐based research’. Future research should attempt a holistic perspective towards the LD and LA synergy considering evidence‐informed instructional design approaches as part of a design‐based research methodology that implements evidence‐based teachers' practice and research‐based findings.
Ribosomal protein L22‐like1 promotes prostate cancer progression by activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway
Authors: Yi Xiaoyu , Zhang Chao , Liu Baojie , Gao Guojun , Tang Yaqi , Lu Yongzheng , Pan Zhifang , Wang Guohui , Feng Weiguo
Published: January 2023

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in men. Ribosomal protein L22‐like1 (RPL22L1), a component of the ribosomal 60 S subunit, is associated with cancer progression, but the role and potential mechanism of RPL22L1 in PCa remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of RPL22L1 in PCa progression and the mechanisms involved. Bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the expression of RPL22L1 was significantly higher in PCa tissues than in normal prostate tissues. The cell function analysis revealed that RPL22L1 significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells. The data of xenograft tumour assay suggested that the low expression of RPL22L1 inhibited the growth and invasion of PCa cells in vivo. Mechanistically, the results of Western blot proved that RPL22L1 activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in PCa cells. Additionally, LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K/Akt pathway, was used to block this pathway. The results showed that LY294002 remarkably abrogated the oncogenic effect of RPL22L1 on PCa cell proliferation and invasion. Taken together, our study demonstrated that RPL22L1 is a key gene in PCa progression and promotes PCa cell proliferation and invasion via PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, thus potentially providing a new target for PCa therapy.