bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of mercury and its distribution patterns in water and sediment samples from Krueng Sabee, Panga and Teunom rivers in Aceh Jaya
Authors: Wahidah S , Khairi  , Lelifajri  , Idroes R , Rahmadi  , Lala A , Mahmudi  , Muslem  , Japnur A F
Published: December 2019

Analysis of mercury (Hg) in water and sediment samples from Krueng Sabee (KS), Panga (P) and Teunom (T) rivers have been carried out. Water and sediment samples were collected at three different sampling points. Concentration of mercury was determined by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Measurement of temperature, pH and salinity of the water samples was carried out in situ method. The results of in situ measurements showed a temperature ranges of 24 to 32°C, pH of 6 - 8 and salinity of 0.1 - 0.3. Based on the analysis of samples, the concentration of mercury in water and sediment samples during March 2019 (sunny condition) were 0.3328 and 6.2330 μg/L, respectively and April 2019 (rainy condition) were 0.0560 and 0.2778 μg/L, respectively. Evaluation of the pattern of Hg distribution in water and sediment samples was conducted by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. The result of PCA analysis in sediment samples showed a strong correlation between Hg concentration at the KS1 and KS2 sampling points. Meanwhile, the concentration of Hg in water samples showed a strong correlation at sampling points of T2 and T3.
Infrared spectroscopy characteristics of mount Sinabung volcanic materials, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Zaini N , Irwandi I , Abdullah F , Meer F van der
Published: December 2019

Infrared spectroscopy has the capability to determine the mineralogical composition of geologic materials. Its reflectance spectra contain diagnostic spectral absorption feature characteristics that can be used for analyzing the mineral chemistry and chemical composition of volcanic material samples. In this research, we analyze the infrared spectral shapes and properties of volcanic materials at specific wavelength ranges in order to identify compositional information of the samples. We used volcanic material samples such as ash and rocks (tuffs) collected from Sinabung volcano, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Reflectance spectra of the samples were characterized using infrared spectroscopic method. Variation in depth of spectral absorption features and reflectance values of ash and rock samples related to grain size, chemical and mineralogical composition, and surface roughness of the samples. The spectroscopic characteristics showed that these volcanic samples exhibit a strong Al-OH absorption feature centered at ~2200 nm. It indicates that the samples contain predominantly clay or other phyllosilicate minerals. Reflectance spectroscopy can be used to extract compositional information of mineralogy in volcanic material samples.
Endophytic fungi from Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels leaves and its potential as antimicrobial agents
Authors: Nurhaida  , Yenn T W , Ibrahim D
Published: December 2019

One of the harbours of endophytic fungi was medicinal plants. In this study, medicinal plant of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels was used to isolate endophytic fungi, especially from the leaves. The surface sterilization was first step before isolation of endophytic fungi. Isolation of endophytic fungi used potato dextrose agar (PDA) media and PDA containing plant extract. The single spores from endophytic fungi were obtained using water agar method. Thirty-seven endophytic fungi have been isolated from S. cumini and the antimicrobial activity was shown by 17 of endophytic fungi isolates. The result shows that endophytic fungi isolated from leaves of S. cumini (L.) Skeels display a good source of natural antimicrobial agents.
Free radical scavenging activity of methanolic extract of temurui (Murraya koenigii L. Spreng) collected from Langsa, Aceh
Authors: Rahayu  , Ningsih S , Nehru F G , Amna U , Halimatussakdiah
Published: December 2019

Free Radicals are substances that derive from incompletely oxidized compounds that can damage cells and cause inflammatory diseases, atherosclerosis, cancer, and aging. Plants are known as a source of medicines that are being developed by researchers, such as temurui (Murraya koenigii L. Spreng) which collected from Langsa, Aceh. Temurui or curry leaves, a plant that is usually used as a cooking spice by Aceh people, were extracted using maceration method with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol, respectively. Methanolic extract of temurui showed very strong DPPH scavenging activity with the IC50 value of 77.818 ppm. This activity was contributed by secondary metabolites contained in that plant, such as alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins. This plant have great potent to develop as new drugs, especially new antioxidant drugs.
Initial evaluation of the motility and viability of African catfish Clarias gariepinus spermatozoa cryopreserved using glutathione
Authors: Mahfudhah R , Eriani K , Muchlisin Z A
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to determine the optimum concentration of the glutathione in cryopreservation of African catfishClarias gariepinusspermatozoa. The study was conducted at the Ujung Batee Brackish Aquaculture Center (BPBAP), Aceh Besar, Indonesia. Five concentrations of glutathione were tested in this study using the completely randomized design. These concentrations of glutathione were 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mgL−1. Every treatment was performed with four replications. The results showed that the glutathione gave the significant effect on the sperm motility (P < 0.05), but did not give the significant effect on the sperm viability (P > 0.05). The average percentage of sperm motility after thawing was P0 (39.25%), P1 (28.50%), P2 (39.25%), P3 (34.00%) and P4 (40.50%), while the average percentage of sperm viability was P0 (84.37%), P1 (81.00%), P2 (91.62%), P3 (81.87%) and P4 (92.00%). The highest value of motility and viability were recorded in the in treatment P4 (2.0 mgL−1glutathione). However, these values were not different significantly with concentration of 1.0 mgL−1. Therefore, it is concluded that the optimum concentration of the glutathione for the best sperm motility and viability is 1.0 mgL−1
Picturing diphtheria outbreak in Indonesia using national annual report data: what are the lessons learned?
Authors: Rinanda T , Mudatsir M , Raihan R , Sakdiah S
Published: December 2019

Diphtheria is one of the vaccine preventable diseases. Due to the advances in medical technology and vaccine availability, this disease should no longer be a health problem. Its outbreak which reached the highest point in 2017 has opened our eyes that diphtheria remains a major threat, is highly contagious, and leads to morbidity and mortality. The large number of diphtheria cases also indicates that the protection of immunization in the community has decreased. This paper aims to discuss the usage of the reliable official big data namely the Indonesia Health Profile from year 2004 to 2017 released by the Ministry of Health to describe the magnitude of diphtheria in Indonesia. Providing big open data related to infectious disease is very challenging. The released data should be managed properly so it can be used by the government and related institutions to generate better policies and recommendations in order to end the outbreak and provide adequate protection against diphtheria amongst Indonesian community.
Simple combination method of FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics for qualitative identification of cattle bones
Authors: Nadia Y , Ramli M , Muslem  , Japnur A F , Rusyana A , Idroes G M , Suhendra R , Muhammad  , Sasmita N R , Tallei T E , Idroes R
Published: December 2019

This research aims to identify Aceh, Bali and Brahman cattle bones using Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Cattle bone samples were obtained from Lambaro and Lampulo raditional market in Aceh Besar. Firstly, each bone sample was analyzed using FTIR and then followed by FTIR spectra analysis using PCA. FTIR spectra showed that inorganic samples produced from these cattle bones consisting of hydroxyl, carbonate and phosphate functional groups. Further inspection using the PCA plot, the cattle bones were separated into three groups with its difference of 90.03%. Three types of cattle bone (Aceh, Bali dan Brahman) are separated into different quadrants. Inspite of both Aceh cattle data are closed each to others and are located in the same quadrant. This experiment proved that the cattle bones of Aceh, Bali dan Brahman can be well distinguished by using the combination method of FTIR and PCA.
Sustainability of Using Low-Rank Coal as Energy Source through The Upgrading Brown Coal (UBC) Process by Adding Waste Cooking Oil
Authors: Afrah B D , Riady M I , Thereza N , Widhaningtyas H , Siregar M
Published: December 2019

The use of coal which is dominated by hard coal is projected as the main energy source (± 25%) in 2050 according to the Indonesian Government Regulation No. 79 of 2014. The use of low-rank coal as a substitute for hard coal through the Upgrading Brown Coal (UBC) process is supported by the Indonesian Government Regulation No. 77 of 2014 concerning the obligation to increase the added value of mining products. The use of UBC products can reduce the amount of coal consumption by up to 50% of the use of low-rank coal The UBC process is still being developed, as in this study, a mixture of low-rank coal and waste cooking oil is used as a coating material to cover the coal pores after the watering process. The variation in the mixing ratio of low-rank coal and waste cooking oil is 1:1; 1:2; and 1:3, with a variation of the heating temperature and mixing mixture of 100°C; 125°C; 150°C; 175°C; and 200°C. The analysis showed that the best conditions are found at a ratio of 1: 3 with a temperature of 175°C, wherein the results of the inherent moisture showed a decrease of 21.95% with a calorific value of 7462.82 cal/g. The high calorific value obtained was proven by the flame that occurred for 14 minutes for 50 g of the UBC product sample in the best variable with ash content of 2.92 %, and volatile matter by 64.77%.
Plasma Gasification With Municipal Solid Waste As A Method Of Energy Self Sustained For Better Urban Built Environment: Modeling and Simulation
Authors: Sesotyo P A , Nur M , E Suseno J
Published: December 2019

The plasma gasification method is known as a new technology to produce hydrogen from MSW as a fuel for power generation. Recently, it has become a crucial issue due to the rapid increasing amount of waste, along with the increasingly national population in Indonesia. The goal of waste management is as a material recovery (MR), as an energy recovery (ER) and minimizing the environment impact. The plasma gasification modeling was developed based on plasma torch technology to estimate the syngas composition and energy potential. The process simulation is optimized for mixed steam and air as a gasifying agent. This study is to obtain the essential parameter to have the better content of H2 in the syngas, better plant efficiency and lowest CO2 emission for developing urban built environment with lesser greenhouse gases (GHG). Result shows that, the ratio of Steam to Waste: 0.08 %, the air mass flow rate: 1.11*10−3 kg/s and the steam mass flow rate: 01.11*10−4 kg/s gain the highest molar fraction of H2 : 32.09%, Syngas Yield : 1.28 Nm3/kg, Carbon Conversion Efficiency : 5.83%, Cold Gasification Efficiency : 77.96% and the CO2 emission : 2.23*10−4 kg/s.
The Potential of Urban Organic Waste Utilization as Neo Carbon Food
Authors: Putri S L , Marbun C V , Utama G L
Published: December 2019

Majority of the urban society has a problem with their organic waste. One alternative urban waste utilization as food production can be obtained by producing Single Cell Protein (SCP) through Neo-Carbon Food (NCF). NCF is a single cell production based on microorganisms using CO2 emissions and urban organic waste as the main raw material for hydrogen oxidizing bacterial growth. NCF are potential because contain high protein, requiring less land and water, reducing pollutions and the GHG emissions. So, NCF can decrease GHG emmisions to overcome climate change and also as sustainable food.
An analysis of potential utilization of low cost Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film based photovoltaic in Sumbawa
Authors: Rukini A , Suhaimi L , Pradhipta A S , Anggara M
Published: December 2019

Sumbawa has the potential to transition into a smart city, utilizing solar energy as their main source of its alternative energy. Located in the tropical country of Indonesia, Sumbawa’s dry season lasts eight months, during which it sees a solar intensity of 4.51 watt/m2/h, making solar energy a promising resource for the area. Its level of abundance and no pollution attribute are the main factors that make solar energy an attractive renewable resource. Raw calculation showed that solar energy is able to provide massive amount of energy, while solar panel and photovoltaic can produce zero greenhouse gases when converting solar energy into electricity. However, the high initial cost of installing solar cells hinder popularization of it as an alternative energy source, meanwhile some of the substance materials that compose solar panel may have a negative impact on the environment. This study intends to review the potential for inexpensive semiconductor-based solar panels to be applied as independent source of lighting by analysing the cost and environmental impact. Discussion on simple chemical method without high cost equipment instalment is also highlighted in this work, which offers recommendation of methods that can contribute on lowering the production cost of solar panel.
Urban Planning Simulation Game and the Development of Spatial Competence
Authors: Pramaputri N I , Gamal A
Published: December 2019

The use of simulation has proven to be helpful for many academics from various disciplines in the last decade. In the field of pedagogy, not only does simulation help in learning something new, but it also can be utilized as a learning tool for students. Today, there have been a lot of academic discourse of what kind of competence that can be harvested from the use of simulation. On the other hand, spatial intelligence is one type of intelligence whose existence is foreshadowed by the two more popular intelligence today; verbal and mathematical intelligence. To this day, only a few studies have thoroughly explored how to develop spatial intelligence, but only for children. This lack of dedicated framework and research has produced a consequential impediment for the uptake of simulation use in university-level education, particularly in spatial- oriented subjects. This paper addresses this shortcoming by reintroducing several key information regarding simulation, model, gamification, and its connection to spatial intelligence. This literature review will then be applied to an urban planning simulation game case study of SimCity. The result of this paper shows that there are several types of simulation that can train specific spatial competencies, which will further students’ spatial competence.
Literature Review: Technologies and Property Development
Authors: Maududy C F , Gamal A
Published: December 2019

This literature review was conducted to provide an explanation about technology in property development process. The knowledge on technology is important for property developer to remain competitive in property industry. If a property developer does not understand about technology in property development process, they will likely be out of business. Information related to technology in property development hasn’t been widely discussed, thus it may be difficult for novice property developers to join the industry. The method of this study is literature study. There are three technologies in the property development process, namely Property Technology, Financial Technology and Construction Technology. Most authors explain more about financial and construction technologies in property development. Most authors are unable to separate Property Technology from Financial Technology and Construction Technology. Only a few of them have critical way of thinking in relation to the definition of Property Technology which leads to innovation and bring about revolution in its development. There are rooms for learning on the Impact of Property Technology that change the property development process.
Usability of QR code in the design of Information system for recognizing historic buildings, Kota Lama, Semarang
Authors: Nugraheni D M K , Dewi D I K , Nugroho A K
Published: December 2019

Urban infrastructure or basic facilities such as museum is essential as the component of smart city. To support a natural museum for instances the exhibit of historical building in “Kota Lama Semarang “or The old city of Semarang, this paper used the QR code to recognising the information on the historical buildings, Kota Lama, Semarang. Leaflet map of Semarang Historic building commonly used to provide the location information. However, leaflet map has a limitations, it cannot provide enough information about the historic building. The limitations of leaflet maps is only provide little information which explaining the condition of the historic building. To expand the information about the historical building, prior research suggested the use of web technologies. However, some people suggested the usage of leaflet – map which can show the location and the web site can provide more additional information about the historical building. In this paper, the researcher purpose a design of Information System, which employs Quick Response (QR) code technologies as a link to combine the information between leaflet map and web technologies. Then, the design validated with identify the usability of design for using QR code for recognising historic building, Kota Lama, Semarang. The method that used to evaluate the design is SUS (System Usability Scale). The QR code usability test using SUS question showed the number that the design is in level usable from the user perspective.
Angle Characterization Radiation Detection of Microstrip Antenna for Short Range Terahertz Communication System
Authors: Apriono C , Adriandi G
Published: December 2019

Communication technologies are crucial components to develop smart city systems related to low latency and massive data transfer. The near field communication (NFC) technology has been becoming more popular for close-range data transmissions, such as multimedia data transfer and non-contact payment, and still increasing in term of capacity and data transfer. Increasing carrier frequencies is a solution to fulfill those demands. In wireless communication technology, an antenna is a crucial element to convert electrical signals into electromagnetic waves or vice versa. Theoretically, an antenna dimension is comparable to the considered wavelength. This condition indicates that higher working frequency systems have a smaller antenna size due to its wavelength shorten. Terahertz (THz) spectrum band is promising to apply higher carrier frequencies. However, the antenna design and fabrication are becoming issues because of the tiny size, electronic components availability, and practical complexities. We have designed a microstrip antenna for working frequency of 0.35 THz by combining ground modification to cover distance and data rates up to 10 cm and more than 20 Gbps, respectively. By considering the previous design, this paper discusses different distances and rotation angles to analyze the effectiveness of wave transmission by simulation using CST Microwave Studio. Analysis use received power parameters to identify accepted signals detection possibility. The results show that the received power exceeded the sensitivity boundary from -50° to 40°, which show that the angles also limit the allowable accepted power level. Therefore, THz NFC systems should consider the antenna placement for an optimum condition application.
PROVISION OF A SUSTAINABLE PUBLIC SPACE: LEBIH COASTAL AREA IN THE AFTERMATH OF RAMPANT ABRASIONS
Authors: Suartika G A M , Permanasuri N P D A , Saputra K E
Published: December 2019

The study aims to examine sustainable uses of public spaces of Lebih’s coastal line, in the aftermath of uncontrolled abrasion. It implements a qualitative research approach. Data was collected through a series of field observations, historical studies, and unstructured interviews. This study relates functions with spatial quality. While function is analysed based on social, economic and environmental roles accommodated by a public space, quality is assessed in terms of three conditions that a public space is expected to have, which are being responsive, democratic, and meaningful. Discussion over these two issues is based on the examination of both physical and non-physical attributes. The physical attribute is discussed in terms of spatial design and supporting facilities available to support the functions of Lebih as a public space, and the non-physical attribute is examined based on the capacity to be a responsive, democratic, and meaningful space to the public who uses it. This study alarmingly shows that abrasion has eroded Lebih coastal area to a level of 3.2% per year, which is equal to a 4m reduction annually. This condition directly influences the quality of Lebih Coast and consequently its capacity to accommodate the three inherent functions. The first two functions, to certain extents, remain well served, but the last one is feared to disappear along with the erosion of Lebih cost by continuous abrasion. This fear is especially underlined by the role of this coast as a buffer to protect the adjacent mainland and its associated ecosystem.
Try and Find it - Understanding Public Space and Civil Society in Bali
Authors: Swanendri N M , Suartika G A M
Published: December 2019

An ethnographic study using qualitative research methodology underwrites the following study. Withinthe current urban planning practice, the concept of public space exists in contradiction to private ownership. Within the global capitalist system, land is commodified like any other goodand is subject to ownership via the market mechanism. The endgame is for all land to have this status. In this context, there isbusiness. This paper, however, offers to renege on this perspective. It tries to understand public space within a system where use-value is the dominant concept. Taking Bali as its laboratory, this paper examines a hypothetical typology of public space that brings use values to the fore and denies the primacy of land as solely a profit-seeking medium for land rent, surplus value extraction from labor and profit on built form. While no doubt these processes will still take place, they must be assessed in the context of environmental ethics and fundamental human needs. In conclusion, this paper seeks a benevolent and humane planning practice that places people before profits. It implements this idea by saying that the creation of spaces whose use values can be accessed by all members of society must become the central planning strategy.
The Implication of Smart Environment on Old Palembang Cultural Heritage Places
Authors: Anwar W F F
Published: December 2019

Palembang as old city has many historical places in various conditions. Some of these places are still easy to be found, well maintained, abandoned as well as leaved as named without any physical evidences. The cultural heritage deals with modern live and the threat of extinction. In the internet era, the term smart environment for cultural heritage becomes another approach to conserve the historical artefacts. However, the conservation should also consider the non-physical aspect such as the relationship between people and the environment in the heritage place. This paper elaborate the use of people place relationship in determining the smart implication at the at Palembang cultural heritage area. To achieve this aim, study have two objectives; (1) examining how people of historical places attached to their living environment as well as their city, (2) determining the level of potency of historical places to find the appropriate smart strategy for conservation. Place attachment was measured through questionnaires filled by the 136 residents from seven old urban kampongs in Palembang. Then, results from this were confirmed by respondents understanding on the history of place and their visiting experience to determine the potency of historical places. Those statistical analyses used PASW v.19. The result shows three groups of heritage places at Palembang cultural heritage area; the ones with high, medium and low attachment in urban scale. The smart strategy can be applied at medium and low attachment to rebirth and strengthen the attachment to the places. The use of virtual reality on these places is the appropriate strategy for smart heritage conservation. The combination between Virtual Reality and multimedia technologies will support the development at historical places of Palembang.
An Open Market: The Legitimation and Regulation of the Public Realm in Denpasar
Authors: Suartika G A M , Mudra I K , Saputra K E
Published: December 2019

This paper interrogates the actuality of ‘ruang terbuka hijau kota’(urban green open space - UGOS) in Denpasar Bali. This debate is critical because it is directly linked to two conditions. First, is an ever increasing population, and second, is a diminishing public realm. While the social, economic, and environmental significances of the UGOS in the formation of a liveable city is widely acknowledged, both conditions, in reality, do not go in line with the importance of UGOS to urban living. The paper argues that while UGOS are legitimated by the existing urban planning procedures and reflected in spatial planning, there is no policy directive on securing the deliverance of sustainable UGOS that guarantee the public interest. The following study is supported by relevant case studies that illustrate and demonstrate the above claims, predominantly across Denpasar, the capital city of both Bali Province and Denpasar city. The conclusion to the paper becomes increasingly self-evident as it progresses. It is clear that having new categories of land use will accomplish nothing. Similarly the key is not to re-designate land uses or manipulate existing codes, but to reconstitute how the planning system itself functions in relation to a sustainable public realm and environmental justice.
Design and Implementation of an Autonomous Robot Manipulator for Pick & Place Planning
Authors: Nayab Zafar Mohd. , Mohanta J. C. , Sanyal Alok
Published: December 2019

This paper focuses on advancement of an autonomous robot manipulator for pick and place applications using Artificial Intelligence Technique. The mobile robot carries a four Degree of Freedom (DOF) robotic arm for picking a particular object from a given initial position to the required target position in an unknown static environment, while tackling obstacles and implementing path planning algorithm using artificial intelligence technique. The proposed artificial intelligence technique employs the optimization strategy, based on a novel meta-heuristic approach for mobile robot path planning. The mobile manipulator involves the use of infrared, ultrasonic sensors for detecting obstacles, microcontroller for artificial intelligence software and geared motors & servo motors for motion locomotion. The effectiveness of the method was tested and verified by via simulation mode on four different trajectories. From the simulation results, it was found that approximately path length and elapsed time of triangular shape, conical shape, cubical shape&S- shapeobstacles environments are 70.22, 70.92, 71.29 & 70.36 pixels and 117.93, 73.94, 122.86 & 117.87 seconds respectively.
A review of wind power generation utilizing statcom technology
Authors: Kumar Akhilesh , Singh Jay , Sadhu P.K.
Published: December 2019

Abstract This paper provides overview of wind energy development from ancient period to present and focus on grid power generation as well as wind power generation. By comparing wind power generation, it has increased trice compared to last 3 dotages. Due to rapid requirement of wind power, power converter technology placed a major role in developing the wind power generation. Since the wind energy technology is very complex for developing wind energy effectively so in this paper we are focusing for an reactive power control method due to which the output power can be control very effectively by using Static Synchronous Compensator called COM.Since in wind power generation it is very essential to get variable output. And STATCOM can vary the output according the requirement by absorbing or generating the reactive power in the system. For recognizing the potential issues and planning a system to reduce them, an exhaustive know-how is required. Coordinating elevated amounts of wind control calls for additionally control and remunerating types of gear to encourage recuperation from framework unsettling influences with high level of seriousness. This paper tosses light into utilizing adequately, a Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) for settling the matrix voltage following network side unsettling influences.
Study of Performance and Emission Characteristics of Non-Edible Biodiesel as a Sustainable Fuel in Diesel Engine
Authors: Verma Brijesh , Raj Bundel Bharat , Sharma Abhishek
Published: December 2019

Now a day’s energy is the key concern for the whole world. Fossil fuels are limited in the world therefore scientist and researchers are looking for new renewable and sustainable source of energy. Vegetable oil plays an important role for the substitute of petro diesel. More than 300 oil-bearing crops edible and non-edible are known. Using of edible oil as a source of energy unnecessary creates an issue of food vs. fuel. Therefore, now researchers are working on non-edible source of energy. This paper discusses the role of non-edible biodiesel as an alternate fuel. It compares the performance and emission behaviour of non-edible oil specially found in South Asia region. Jathropha, Karanja, Neem, rubber seed, castor and Mahua are some important source of bio fuels. It is reported that performance and emission characteristics of non-edible biodiesel are comparable with diesel. Moreover non-edible biodiesel blend with limited amount (up to 20 %) can be replaced with petro diesel without any engine modification.
Performance Analysis of Control Techniques for Micro Power System using Hybrid Approach
Authors: Singh Yaduvir , Pal Nitai
Published: December 2019

The hybrid combination (Photovoltaic, Fuel Cells, and Battery) has found to be best energy resources which provide a reliable micro-power system. The single-phase inverter is modelled using appropriate gate pulses and the three-phase systems are modelled by control techniques such as Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) and State Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) for attaining AC power. In this paper, the modular approach and Multiple Input Single Control (MISC) is applied to single-phase and three-phase systems with SPWM and SVPWM respectively to achieve better output efficiency. The modular approach is introduced for the power quality problem in the micro system, and MISC maintains the constant dc-link voltage. Furthermore, the proposed method maintains the State of Charge (SOC) of the battery by controlling the converter switches. The proposed research methodology is executed in MATLAB/Simulink-R2014a (Version 8.3) tool. The simulation results demonstrate that the MISC-based three-phase AC system with SVPWM achieves better results with reduced distortion level than SPWM.
Mixing of fluids in vortex T-mixer with two and four non-aligned inlet microchannels
Authors: Ahmad Ansari Mubashshir , Qamareen Arees , Zahid Ansari Mohd
Published: December 2019

Mixing of fluids at microscale is an indispensable stage required on the microfluidic systems. Large number of micromixer designs aimed with efficient mixing has been reported by many researchers. In this work numerical study has been executed out on vortex T-mixer. This mixer has two and four non-aligned inlet channels. The inlet channels are aligned tangentially to the main microchannel at one end. The objective was to examine mixing and fluid flow for a broader range of Reynolds numbers. The results were correlated with simple T-mixer (inlet channels in-planar with the main microchannel). Vortex T-mixer with two inlet channels show better mixing performance among the three designs due to vortex flow. Vortex T-mixer with four inlet channels show the formation of vortex flow. However, such flow are depicted at much higher Reynolds number. The study reveals vortex T-mixer with two inlet channels quite promising design as compared to T-mixer with four inlet channels.
Simulation of Lithium Bromide- Water (LiBr-H2O) Vapor Absorption System (VAS) powered by Solar Flat Plate Collector (SFPC)
Authors: Alabd Mohamed Salem , Nawab Karimi Munawar
Published: December 2019

Solar energy may probably prove to be best option for future in air conditioning system. With growing need of energy consumption, the solar air conditioning system stands as a useful alternative. The objective of this work is to simulate a single effect LiBr-H2O absorption system, coupled with solar flat plate collector (SFPC), to supply heat to the generator of Vapor Absorption System (VAS). Case studies have been taken from India, particularly New Delhi and Mumbai, which are, respectively, known for their hot and humid climate. The influence of different parameters like inlet generator temperature, heat supplied to the generator and cooling load have been investigated. The design day of 15th of April, May and June has been considered. The thermodynamic analyses have also been carried out. An outlet solar collector temperature between 68°C and 78°C was maintained for New Delhi, whereas between 67°C and 79°C for Mumbai. The maximum efficiency of SFPC was found to be 50 percent and 51 percent in case of New Delhi and Mumbai, respectively, on 15th April and 15th of May. A coefficient of performance of 0.857 was obtained at 4.1033 kWof heat supplied to the generator, at an inlet generator temperature of 68°C and cooling load of 3.5167 kW. It was observed that at constant ??????, any increase in supply heat, increases the flow rate of vapor and cooling load. Furthermore, the analysis for various stages of single effect LiBr-H2O (VAS) is presented including the design of the evaporator, absorber, condenser, heat exchanger and generator.
Opto Mechanical Design Aspects of High Power Laser Mirrors
Authors: Mudgil Ashwani , Bhatt Rahul , Kumar Jain Ravindra
Published: December 2019

Reflecting Optics is a critical component of any High Power Laser (HPL) based System. With the advancements in Laser Sources, power is continuously increasing with decrease in operating wavelength. This has lead toeven more sophisticated upto mechanical design of HPL optics. A large portion of the incident power is reflected and the rest is absorbed and transmitted in various stages. This absorbed power is very detrimental which affects the system performance and may even lead to catastrophic system failure. The mechanism of laser reflection, absorption and transmission is explained in a simple way. General requirements and desired properties of substrate materials are listed. Various metallic and non metallic substrate materials are tabulated along with their physical and mechanical properties. The materials are compared on the basis of their Figure of Merit (ratio of thermal conductivity to coefficient of thermal expansion) andstrength to weight ratio (E/ρ). Finally thermo structural analysis is carried out fora specific design input and results are formulated.
Numerical investigation of fluid flow past a square cylinder in mixed convective flow regime
Authors: Ali Rashid , Vamik Shahrukh , Ahmad Ansari Mubashshir , Fahad Anwer Syed
Published: December 2019

In current study the numerical experiments have been conducted to elucidate the role of Richardson number and free-stream orientations on the flow dynamics and aerodynamic parameters for the conditions (Re = 140, 0 ⩽ Ri ⩽ 1.2, 0o ⩽α ⩽ 45o, ϕ = 0oand Pr = 0.71). The flow around a heated square cylinder is assumed to be two-dimensional. Also the flow is unsteady, incompressible, viscous and laminar unconfined flow. Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation is utilized to consider the effects of buoyancy. To discretize the momentum and energy equations finite difference method is employed. Implicit pressure correction scheme is utilized to solve the equations. The flow is found to be unsteady periodic flow for the selected range of parameters except at α=0º and 0.4 ⩽ Ri ⩽ 1.2. The heat transfer rate is observed maximum from the front face(s) of square cylinder. Mean lift coefficient at α=0º is zero for every Richardson number chosen. For chosen free-stream orientations mean lift coefficient is zero at Ri = 0.0. Mean drag coefficient increases with increasing Reynolds and/or Richardson numbers.
Fabrication of Portable Street Vacuum Cleaner
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Kumar Anuj
Published: December 2019

This project is inspired by the Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan. Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan an initiative by the prime minister of India Mr. Narendra Modi. The aim of this project is to clean the streets and road efficiently in very less time and at a low cost. In developing country the streets are really filled with dusts and debris so there is a need make a machine to clean the streets. Scooter is used to move the machine from one place to another. Vacuum cleaner is used as the main thing in cleaning the road. The street cleaner is able to suck at least 25 grams of small dusts and debris from the ground. The portable street vacuum cleaner is really effective in cleaning the roads.
Development of Green Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite using Agricultural Waste Bagasse as Reinforcement- A Review
Authors: Srivastava Nitin , Prakash Dwivedi Shashi
Published: December 2019

Bagasse is a waste product which was produced from the sugar industry. These wastes produce lots of environment pollution in development. Effective utilization of these wastes can reduce lots of environment pollution. In this study, a literature review is carried out to observe the bagasse as reinforcement in the development of composite. From the literature, it was notified that bagasse can be used in the development of composite.
EMISSION & PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF PRODUCER GAS AS IN IC ENGINE FUEL: A TECHNICAL REVIEW
Authors: Dixit Ankur , Srivastava Abhishek , Anmol  , Gupta Akash , Garg Nishant , chaudhary Rajiv
Published: December 2019

For the sake of eco-friendly and large promise to be used in future producer gas plays an important role. It is prepared by gliding air and steam through the thick coal at different temperature range. A gasifier is used to gasify biomass such as rice husk, bagasse, wood chips. Due to inertness knocking tendency is higher in producer gas, use of producer gas tends to higher emission of CO, especially at lean condition. It results in rigorous environment damage. The use of producer as an alternative fuel is founded as the sustainable source of energy.
Fabrication and Testing of Plastic Sand Bricks
Authors: Chauhan S S , Kumar Bhushan , Shankar Singh Prem , Khan Abuzaid , Goyal Hritik , Goyal Shivank
Published: December 2019

In this study, the use of plastic bottles and plastic waste in the making of plastic sand bricks is examined. Plastic apart from being one of the highly generated waste is also one of the most easily recyclable materials. Using this property of recyclability, plastic waste in the form of PET bottles will be used to create masonry units that may be able to replace conventional bricks which are made up of clay and sand only. Sand will be mixed with plastic in different ratios and tests such as compressive strength test, water absorption test, efflorescence test and fire resistance test will be done. Results from this study are expected to help determine the appropriate mixing ratios of sand and plastic in order to obtain optimum strength and other properties.
Solar Power Development: A Root for Sustainable Development of India
Authors: Mausam Kuwar , Kumar Ghosh Subrata , Tiwari Arun kumar , Singh Ravindra P.
Published: December 2019

Sustainable development of second most populated country of world, India depends on the planning and utilization of conventional and non-conventional energy sources. Presently energy safety has top most prime concerned for sustainable development. Energy barriers/bottleneck, prospect of solar energy with consideration of cost, hot spot of solar energy, government policies, training and education of solar sector and data of solar radiation analyze in this article. Key aspect that helpful in barrier reduction and growth of solar sector suggested through paper. By this study it has been found that sustainable growth of India depend of utilization of solar energy. Full concentration by country over solar sector necessary for satisfying future demand of energy for country growth and development.
Gate-tunable flat bands in van der Waals patterned dielectric superlattices
Authors: Shi Li-kun , Ma Jing , Song Justin C W
Published: December 2019

Superlattice engineering provides the means to reshape the fabric felt by quasiparticles moving in a material. Here we argue that bandstructure engineering with superlattices can be pushed to the extreme limit by stacking gapped van der Waals (vdW) materials on patterned dielectric substrates. Specifically, we find that high quality vdW patterned dielectric superlattices (PDS) realize a series of robust flat bands that can be directly switched on and off by gate voltage in situ. In contrast to existing superlattice platforms, these flat bands are realized without the need for fine tuning. Instead, the bands become flat as the gate voltage increases in magnitude. The characteristics of PDS flatbands are highly tunable: the type of flatband (single non-degenerate or dirac-cone-like), localization length, and interaction energy are sensitive to the applied gate voltage. As a result, electron-electron interactions in the PDS flatbands can become stronger than both the bandwidth and disorder broadening, providing a setting for correlated behavior such as flatband ferromagnetism. We expect PDS flatbands can be experimentally realized in a range of readily available gapped vdW materials such as monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, e.g. WSe2.
Molecular dissection of the Erv41-Erv46 retrograde receptor reveals a conserved cysteine-rich region in Erv46 required for retrieval activity
Authors: Keiser Kristofer J. , Barlowe Charles
Published: December 2019

The retrograde cargo receptor Erv41-Erv46 retrieves non–KDEL-bearing ER resident proteins to maintain ER homeostasis. This study defines a conserved cysteine-rich element in Erv46 that is required for retrieval activity and cargo binding. We propose that disulfides within the cysteine-rich region regulate the hydrophobic cargo binding site.
Fast-track hip and knee arthroplasty in older adults—a prospective cohort of 1,427 procedures in patients ≥85 years
Authors: Petersen Pelle Baggesgaard , Jørgensen Christoffer Calov , Kehlet Henrik ,   Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Fast-track Hip and Knee Replacement Collaborative Group
Published: December 2019

Introduction

fast-track protocols in total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA) have improved postoperative recovery and reduced postoperative morbidity. Additionally, increasing life expectancy and improved surgical techniques have led to an increasing number of older adult patients undergoing THA/TKA. However, no large detailed studies on fast-track THA/TKA in older adults are available. Consequently, we aimed to describe the length of stay (LOS) and postoperative morbidity in a large cohort of patients ≥85 years within a continuous multicentre fast-track collaboration.

Methods

we used a prospective observational cohort design with unselected consecutive data between 2010 and 2017 on primary elective THA and TKA patients ≥85 years. Data were obtained from nine centres reporting to the Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Fast-track Hip and Knee Replacement database and the Danish National Patient Registry on LOS, readmissions and mortality. Causes of morbidity were determined by review of health records.

Results

we included 1,427 (3.9% of all THA/TKA) procedures with 62.3% THA. Median age was 87 (IQR: 85–88) years with 71% women. LOS decreased from median 4 (3–6) days in 2010 to 2 (2–3) days in 2017. The proportion with LOS > 4 days decreased from 32 to 18%. Readmission and mortality rate remained at about 11.7 and 0.9% after 30 days and 16.0 and 1.5% after 90 days, respectively.

Conclusion

this detailed large multicentre fast-track THA/TKA study in patients ≥85 years found major reductions in LOS without increase in readmission or mortality rates. The unchanged readmission rate poses an area for further improvements.
Factors associated with self- and informant ratings of quality of life, well-being and life satisfaction in people with mild-to-moderate dementia: results from the Improving the experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life programme
Authors: Wu Yu-Tzu , Nelis Sharon M , Quinn Catherine , Martyr Anthony , Jones Ian R , Victor Christina R , Knapp Martin , Henderson Catherine , Hindle John V , Jones Roy W , Kopelman Michael D , Morris Robin G , Pickett James A , Rusted Jennifer M , Thom Jeanette M , Litherland Rachael , Matthews Fiona E , Clare Linda ,   the IDEAL Programme team
Published: December 2019

Background

a large number of studies have explored factors related to self- and informant ratings of quality of life in people with dementia, but many studies have had relatively small sample sizes and mainly focused on health conditions and dementia symptoms. The aim of this study is to compare self- and informant-rated quality of life, life satisfaction and well-being, and investigate the relationships of the two different rating methods with various social, psychological and health factors, using a large cohort study of community-dwelling people with dementia and carers in Great Britain.

Methods

this study included 1,283 dyads of people with mild-to-moderate dementia and their primary carers in the Improving the experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life study. Multivariate modelling was used to investigate associations of self- and informant-rated quality of life, life satisfaction and well-being with factors in five domains: psychological characteristics and health; social location; capitals, assets and resources; physical fitness and health; and managing everyday life with dementia.

Results

people with dementia rated their quality of life, life satisfaction and well-being more highly than did the informants. Despite these differences, the two approaches had similar relationships with social, psychological and physical health factors in the five domains.

Conclusion

although self- and informant ratings differ, they display similar results when focusing on factors associated with quality of life, life satisfaction and well-being. Either self- or informant ratings may offer a reasonable source of information about people with dementia in terms of understanding associated factors.
Invited Commentary: Relationship Between Ovulation and Markers of Systemic Inflammation Versus Markers of Localized Inflammation
Authors: Schildkraut Joellen M
Published: December 2019

In this issue of the American Journal of Epidemiology, Huang et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2020;189(7):660–670) report an inverse relationship between lifetime ovulatory years (LOY) and circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), counter to their hypothesis. CRP is a nonspecific systemic marker of chronic inflammation, and there is evidence that there are other drivers of systemic inflammation as measured by CRP. There also is a body of evidence supporting the possibility that ovulation may be responsible for a localized inflammatory response. Because ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer death in women, preventive strategies are urgently needed. The findings of this report underscore the need for new research initiatives to determine the relationship between incessant ovulation and ovarian cancer risk in order to identify mechanisms of carcinogenesis.