bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[Retracted] Research on Application of Data Mining Algorithm in Cardiac Medical Diagnosis System
Authors: Peng Jianyong , Zhang Xinhao , Wang Lina , Zhu Fang , Zhou Nana , Zuo Yansong , Zhou Tao , Gao Yuan
Published: May 2022

Heart disease is a very common high‐incidence disease. Due to the wide variety of pathology of heart disease, how to improve the medical diagnosis of heart disease and carry out earlier intervention and treatment is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. The paper adds the decision tree algorithm and its comparison and proposes an optimized classification algorithm Co‐SVM. Based on the establishment of a heart disease diagnosis classifier based on data mining algorithms, it is aimed at exploring which of these four algorithms is more suitable for heart disease diagnosis problems and optimizing them. A brief description of the cause, influencing factors, and acquired data of heart disease can be seen from the accuracy and scientificity of the data, which further enhances the authenticity and reliability of the clinical diagnosis model of heart disease. At the same time, the ultrasound diagnosis technology of heart disease is introduced, and the important role of ultrasound diagnosis technology in the medical diagnosis of heart disease is discussed. This thesis uses the heart disease clinical data set to establish a heart disease diagnosis classifier based on the decision tree algorithm, neural network algorithm, support vector machine algorithm, and Co‐SVM algorithm. Through experimental comparison and analysis, the optimal classification is selected according to the obtained results. The algorithm is Co‐SVM algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed Co‐SVM algorithm has a higher accuracy rate than the other three classic algorithms, and the effectiveness of the Co‐SVM algorithm is verified by the evaluation results of multiple algorithms. By applying the Co‐SVM algorithm in the medical diagnosis system, it is helpful to assist doctors in making more accurate and precise diagnosis of the condition.
The Application of Artificial Neural Network Combined with Virtual Reality Technology in Environment Art Design
Authors: Han Lei , Gan Li
Published: May 2022

Virtual reality is a computer technology that produces a simulated environment. It is completely immersive and gives users the viewpoint that they are somewhere else. In recent times, it has become a highly interactive and visualization tool that has gained interest among educators and scholars. Art learning is a teaching-learning approach that is dependent on learning “through the arts” and “with the arts;” it can be a procedure in which art develops the medium of teaching-learning and an important model in some subjects of the curriculum. In this work, we develop a grey wolf optimization with the residual network form of virtual reality application for environmental art learning (GWORN-EAL) technique. It aims to provide metacognitive actions to improve environmental art learning for young children or adults. The GWORN-EAL technique is mainly based on the stimulation of particular features of the target painting over a default image. The color palette of the recognized image of the Fauve painter was mapped to the target image using the Fauve vision of the painter and represented by vivid colors. For optimal hyperparameter tuning of the ResNet model, the GWO algorithm is employed. The experimental results indicated that the GWORN-EAL technique has accomplished effectual outcomes in several aspects. A brief experimental study highlighted the improvement of the GWORN-EAL technique compared to existing models.
Pedestrians Crossing and Walking Speeds Analysis in Urban Areas under the Influence of Rain and Personality Characteristics
Authors: Bargegol Iraj , Najafi Moghaddam Gilani Vahid , Hosseinian Seyed Mohsen , Habibzadeh Mohammad
Published: May 2022

Pedestrians’ behavior plays an important role in designing pedestrian facilities, especially in urban areas. One of these behavioral characteristics is their moving speed on sidewalks, pedestrian streets, crosswalks at signalized intersections, and midblock crosswalks. The moving speed is strongly affected by personality traits such as age, weight, gender as well as environmental and geometric conditions. In this regard, the moving speed of 14,490 pedestrians was measured in urban area pedestrian-related facilities, including signalized intersections, midblock crosswalks, sidewalks, and pedestrian street in Rasht city, Iran. Then, using the t-test, the effect of gender characteristics, rainfall, and umbrella carrying on pedestrian moving speed was investigated. The results showed that with a 95% confidence level, the moving speed difference between male and female pedestrians was statistically significant for all the age and weight groups, except for the age group of adolescents. Also, hijab cover affects the moving speed of pedestrians, so that females with the hijab cover meet the lowest moving speed values compared with those with ordinary dress type (i.e., without hijab). However, for elderly females, weight and age are more effective parameters than the dress type. In other words, as the age and weight increase, the moving speed of females would reduce.
Financial Risk Assessment of Enterprise Management Accounting Based on Association Rule Algorithm under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Lin Yibin , Yue Huabo , Liao Haojie , Li Dong , Chen Ling
Published: May 2022

Under the background of the rapid development of data informatization, the evaluation and analysis of enterprise management accounting risk are the key link of enterprise sustainable development. Based on the theoretical basis of enterprise management accounting risk analysis, this paper selects 11 representative corporate financial risk indicators from financial risk indicators through correlation analysis and then selects 8 key indicators that affect corporate financial risk through association rules, to assess and analyze the company’s financial risks. Finally, this paper takes 20 ST companies in China as the research object to carry out empirical research. According to the assessment and analysis of financial risks in the company’s management accounting, it proposes measures from four modules to strengthen the company’s ability to resist risks.
Clinical evaluation and management of a 45-year-old man with confusion, psychosis, agitation, stereotyped behavior, and impaired speech
Authors: Deng Xiaolin , Negro Paulo J. , Jung Patrick L. , Marano Christopher M. , Knight Stephanie , Doddi Seshagiri R. , Nimo Nana Y. A. , LeMalefant Rachel M. , Myers Drew A. , Haake Andrea K. , Chandler Rebecca
Published: May 2022

Our patient Mr. A is a mentally and physically disabled gentleman. He was first diagnosed with bipolar disorder as a teenager. He incurred a lumbar spinal injury due to a motor vehicle incident in his 20s which led to weakness, numbness, and frequent infection over both of his lower extremities. He also developed alcohol addiction over the course of his life. Mr. A presented to our facility with complicated neuropsychiatric symptoms. By adopting various clinical strategies, we were able to control his symptoms of agitation, self-harm, mood swings, and stereotyped behavior. However, we were not able to improve his neurocognitive functioning or speech impairment which seemed to become severe and irreversible in a period of a few months. We felt disappointed and perplexed by the mixed treatment responses. To understand Mr. A’s clinical presentation, various laboratory tests and imaging studies were performed. Different psychotropic medications were used to manage his symptoms. Gradually, we felt that we were able to understand this case better clinically and etiologically. His bipolar disorder, alcohol addiction, and physical injury had likely all contributed to his neuropsychiatric symptoms, directly or indirectly. It is highly possible that an alcohol-related progressive dementia along with his chronic bipolar disorder played a key role in the progression of his brain neurodegeneration. Also, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome could reasonably be considered having developed during his clinical course. Moreover, the fluctuation of the patient’s neuropsychiatric symptoms we observed during his hospitalization reflects the increased vulnerability of the human brain under sustained neurodegeneration.
Complexity Graph-Based Multilabel Classification Method of Human Action in Rope Skipping Scene
Authors: Wang Yichen , Wang Yi , Zhang Zhimin
Published: May 2022

Aiming at the problem of insufficient accuracy of multilabel classification of human action at present, a multilabel classification method of human action in the rope skipping scene is proposed. It realizes feature recognition and classification by collecting human action features in the scene of skipping rope movement and uses RNN to optimize the human action feature recognition algorithm. On the basis of feature recognition, the characteristics of human movement in the rope skipping scene are classified, the confidence map of the key point position is obtained by using the Gaussian modeling method, and the action multilabel classification is realized. Finally, experiments show that the multilabel classification method of human action in rope skipping scene has high accuracy and fully meets the research requirements.
Chemical Evolution Process and Quality Assessment of Seepage Groundwater in Tunnel Crossing Gas-Bearing Coal Seams
Authors: Liu Yuanming , Peng Chen , Yuan Qiaowei , Chen Huiyu
Published: May 2022

The chemical characteristics of groundwater in the gas coal seam section of the tunnel have rich geological significance. To study the chemical evolution process and controlling factors of groundwater in the gas-bearing coal seam section of the tunnel, and the influence of tunnel coal removal on the groundwater quality, field investigations and laboratory experiments were carried out on the groundwater in the coal measure strata and the high-gaseous section and surrounding aquifers. Through hydrochemical analysis, correlation analysis, hydrochemical simulation, and other methods, the chemical origin of groundwater in coal measure strata and other aquifers was revealed. The water quality of groundwater was analyzed by water quality index (WQI), sodium adsorption rate (SAR), percentage of soluble sodium (Na+%), and participation of sodium carbonate (RSC). The results show that the water samples of each aquifer are weakly alkaline. Influenced by formation lithology and mineral redox reactions, the genesis of coal formation water is more complex than that of natural karst groundwater. The water chemistry characteristics show obvious differences among aquifer groups, with low correlation of HCO3-, Ca2+, and Mg2+. The central drainage ditch is dominated by dolomite dissolution, and the sloping shaft side ditch is dominated by calcite dissolution, and ion exchange effects are prevalent in different water sources. In terms of irrigation water quality, the permeability index (PI), magnesium hazard (MH), and Kelly index (KI) calculations show that 45.8% of the water samples are in the “unsuitable” condition. This study helps to fully understand the quality of coal seam water in tunnels and can provide a reference for groundwater utilization.
Differentiation in Emotional Investments in Work Groups among Different Social Status of Construction Industry Practitioners: A Perspective from the Social Exchange Theory
Authors: Zhang Wenqing , Fei Dingzhou
Published: May 2022

The construction industry is characterized by a high level of mobility and a diverse range of practitioners from different social status, which can affect the industry’s group management processes. The exploration of the mechanisms involved is an important task for theoretical research and a challenge for management practices. This study examines three relevant aspects of work-group behavior in the construction industry from a social exchange perspective: the individual’s evaluation of the level of the emotional investment of members in the work team and their assessment of personal rewards and costs. The study of 71 construction industry workers through the development of a cost-benefit inventory questionnaire of individual-team exchange relationships revealed that their level of emotional investment in the work group can be predicted by assessing their awareness of personal rewards and costs. A further clustering algorithm revealed that an individual’s social status had a significant impact on their level of affective investment, but there was no significant correlation between an individual’s wage and their level of emotional investment in the work team. The findings deepen our understanding of group behaviors in the construction field by explaining the interactions between individuals and organizations in work groups while emphasizing the indispensable role of emotional factors in group development.
The Effect of a New Ligation and Venipuncture Method on Vena Basilica Vessel
Authors: Mao Yuanhong , Huang Xiaomei , Yang Hong , Zhou Shu , Yuan Aihong , Lin Gang , Geng Guiling
Published: May 2022

Objective. This study evaluated the impact of a novel venipuncture method on vascular parameters of vena basilica to provide a new technical option for the clinical management of difficult venipuncture. Methods. 32 volunteers examined by ultrasound at the Medical Imaging Center of The First People’s Hospital of Nantong, Jiangsu province, from February 2020 to April 2020 were randomly selected. One hand of each patient was ligated with the traditional single tourniquet and the new ligation method for 20 seconds. Then, the distance between the left or right vena basilica and the skin and the diameter of blood vessels were measured by ultrasound. 98 patients with peripheral venipuncture difficulty who were examined by ultrasound of a third-grade hospital from April 2019 to March 2020 were selected and randomly divided into control group (

n
=
49

) and experimental group (

n
=
49

). The traditional method was used in the control group, and the new peripheral venipuncture was used in the experimental group. The success rate of single puncture, preparation time before puncture, time required for puncture operation, pain reaction during puncture, intravascular congestion after puncture, subcutaneous tissue injury, and vascular reuse rate after puncture were compared between the two methods. Results. The new ligation and puncture method increased the diameter of peripheral superficial vein vessels by

0.51
±
0.04
 
mm

, and the change of vena basilica diameter was not significantly associated with gender and age of patient. The success rate of single puncture and the vascular reuse rate were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group, while the preparation time and venipuncture time, as well as the patient’s pain response, were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group, and the intravascular congestion and subcutaneous tissue injury were lower. In addition, the mean satisfaction score of patients in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. Conclusion. The new ligation and puncture method was an effective vena basilica dilation technique for filling the peripheral superficial veins, improving puncture success rate of peripheral difficult vein, and reducing patient pain, which was worth popularizing and applying in clinic.
Research on Web Visual Development Platform Based on Microservice
Authors: Xu Lvguan , Wu Dazhong , Chen Zhenying
Published: May 2022

In order to meet the needs of diversified terminal networks, a Web visual development platform based on microservices is proposed. According to the characteristics of network data distribution and resource attributes in the big data environment, select the service-oriented architecture as the basic data collaborative management system, establish a sample set containing various data types, calculate the density distribution of each type of data in the continuous function based on the sample set, and obtain the weight probability of the maximum and minimum density data of the data sample set by calculating the dispersion function. Finally, the weight of nodes in the visualization platform is established as the weight in the visualization matrix, and the high probability of edge subdivision is used to enhance the balance of edge development matrix. Comparative experiments show that the proposed method has strong applicability and high visualization effect for data with complex characteristics, data weight probability conforms to the expected value and Gaussian distribution, and the overall performance of the platform is excellent.
Distortion and Improvement Method of Location Quotient in Water Consumption Evaluation
Authors: Nie Taowen , Li Na , Yan Feng
Published: May 2022

Location quotient (LQ) is a widely used model to evaluate the spatial aggregation of water consumption. The conventional view is that all the domains of the LQ values in different water-using departments are [0, +∞). The larger the LQ is, the higher the degree of water consumption concentration is. With the water consumption structure evaluation of Northwest China as an illustration, this study shows the following: (i) The conventional LQ has a distortion phenomenon. The agricultural water consumption of Xinjiang Province accounts for more than 70.4% of the total water consumption in the whole study area, indicating that this department plays a dominant role. However, its conventional LQ is only 1.06, which is much less than the conventional LQs of the industrial and domestic water consumptions of Gansu Province and Shaanxi Province. (ii) The mathematical essence of this distortion in the conventional LQ model is that the conventional view that all the domains of the LQ values in different water-using departments are [0,+∞) is not tenable. The actual domain of the i-th department in the j-th province is [dij, dij−1], where dij is the water consumption proportion of this department accounting for the whole study area. For the department with high water consumption, the upper limit of its LQ is too small. Thus, the conventional LQ values of different water-using departments are not directly comparable. (iii) An improved LQ model is designed by introducing the standardization procedure. The improved LQ values of different water-using departments are [0, L], making them directly comparable. The improved LQ of the agriculture department in Xinjiang Province is 1.56, which is the most significant of all. This finding indicates that the water consumption in Northwest China is significantly concentrated in the agriculture department in Xinjiang. The evaluation results of the improved LQ model are more realistic and more suitable for the government’s water resources management than those of the conventional model.
[Retracted] Correlation between Sleep Time, Sleep Quality, and Emotional and Cognitive Function in the Elderly
Authors: Liao Heng , Liao Sha , Gao Yu-jiao , Mu Jing-ping , Wang Xi , Chen De-sen
Published: May 2022

Background. To explore the relationship between sleep time, sleep quality, and emotional and cognitive function in the elderly. Methods. A total of 150 elderly patients over 65 years old who were admitted to our hospital from February 2019 to April 2021 were divided into a normal cognitive function group (Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score: illiteracy, >17; primary school, >20; and middle school and above, >24; N = 86) and cognitive impairment group (MMSE score: illiteracy, ≤17; primary school, ≤20; and middle school or above, ≤24; N = 64). The sleep quality was evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and anxiety and depression were evaluated by Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), respectively. The cognitive function between the two groups was compared via the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, visual spatial execution, and attention. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between sleep quality, sleep time, and emotional and cognitive function. Results. In the comparison of sleep quality between the two groups, the total score of PSQI, sleep quality, falling asleep time, sleep time, and sleep efficiency of patients with cognitive impairment were higher than those of patients with normal cognitive function (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the scores of hypnotic use and daytime dysfunction between the two groups, but the scores of nocturnal sleep disorders and ESS in the cognitive impairment group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P > 0.05). Compared between the two groups, the MoCA score, visual spatial execution, and attention in the cognitive impairment group were significantly lower than those in the normal group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The delayed recall in the cognitive impairment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in orientation, naming, language, and abstract ability between the two groups (P > 0.05). The scores of HAMA and HAMD in the cognitive impairment group were significantly higher than those in the normal group. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between sleep therapy, sleep time, and the score of cognitive scale. The results showed that PSQI was negatively correlated with MoCA and MMSE, and ESS was negatively correlated with MoCA and MMSE. Pearson correlation analysis results indicated that PSQI was positively correlated with HAMA and HAMD, while ESS was negatively correlated with HAMA and HAMD. Conclusion. The sleep quality and sleep time of elderly patients are positively correlated with their cognitive function. The worse the sleep quality is, the worse their cognitive function is and the more serious their anxiety and depression are. In the course of clinical therapeutics, more attention should be paid to the sleep quality of elderly.
Pulmonary Congestion During Exercise Stress Echocardiography in Ischemic and Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Merli Elisa , Ciampi Quirino , Scali Maria Chiara , Zagatina Angela , Merlo Pablo Martin , Arbucci Rosina , Daros Clarissa Borguezan , de Castro e Silva Pretto José Luis , Amor Miguel , Salamè Michael F. , Mosto Hugo , Morrone Doralisa , D’Andrea Antonello , Reisenhofer Barbara , Rodriguez-Zanella Hugo , Wierzbowska-Drabik Karina , Kasprzak Jaroslaw D. , Agoston Gergely , Varga Albert , Lowenstein Jorge , Dodi Claudio , Cortigiani Lauro , Simova Iana , Samardjieva Martina , Citro Rodolfo , Celutkiene Jelena , Re Federica , Monte Ines , Gligorova Suzana , Antonini-Canterin Francesco , Pepi Mauro , Carpeggiani Clara , Pellikka Patricia A. , Picano Eugenio ,   on behalf of Stress Echo 2020 and 2030 study group of the Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging (SIECVI)
Published: May 2022

Background:

Lung ultrasound detects pulmonary congestion as B-lines at rest, and more frequently, during exercise stress echocardiography (ESE).

Methods:

We performed ESE plus lung ultrasound (4-site simplified scan) in 4392 subjects referred for semi-supine bike ESE in 24 certified centers in 9 countries. B-line score ranged from 0 (normal) to 40 (severely abnormal). Five different populations were evaluated: control subjects (n=103); chronic coronary syndromes (n=3701); heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (n=395); heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (n=70); ischemic mitral regurgitation ≥ moderate at rest (n=123). In a subset of 2478 patients, follow-up information was available.

Results:

During ESE, B-lines increased in all study groups except controls. Age, hypertension, abnormal ejection fraction, peak wall motion score index, and abnormal heart rate reserve were associated with B-lines in multivariable regression analysis. Stress B lines (hazard ratio, 2.179 [95% CI, 1.015–4.680];
P
=0.046) and ejection fraction <50% (hazard ratio, 2.942 [95% CI, 1.268–6.822];
P
=0.012) were independent predictors of all-cause death (n=29 after a median follow-up of 29 months).

Conclusions:

B-lines identify the pulmonary congestion phenotype at rest, and more frequently, during ESE in ischemic and heart failure patients. Stress B-lines may help to refine risk stratification in these patients.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT 03049995.
Transdural Revascularization by Multiple Burrhole After Erythropoietin in Stroke Patients With Cerebral Hypoperfusion: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hong Ji Man , Choi Mun Hee , Park Geun Hwa , Shin Hee Sun , Lee Seong-Joon , Lee Jin Soo , Lim Yong Cheol
Published: May 2022

Background:

In patients with acute symptomatic stroke, reinforcement of transdural angiogenesis using multiple burr hole (MBH) procedures after EPO (erythropoietin) treatment has rarely been addressed. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of cranial MBH procedures under local anesthesia for augmenting transdural revascularization after EPO treatment in patients with stroke with perfusion impairments.

Methods:

This prospective, randomized, blinded-end point trial recruited patients with acute ischemic stroke with a perfusion impairment of grade ≥2 within 14 days of symptom onset, steno-occlusive mechanisms on imaging examinations, and absence of transdural collaterals on transfemoral cerebral angiography. Patients were randomly assigned to receive MBH + EPO or MBH alone. The primary and secondary outcomes were revascularization success (trans-hemispheric and trans-burr hole) at 6 months and adverse events, respectively.

Results:

We evaluated 42 of the 44 targeted patients, with 2 patients lost to follow-up. The combined and MBH-only (n=21 each) groups showed no differences in demographic characteristics and baseline perfusion parameters. Significantly, more cases of trans-hemispheric (19/21 [90.5%] versus 12/21 [57.1%]) and trans-burr hole (42/58 [72.4%] versus 30/58 [51.7%]) revascularization and significant improvements in perfusion parameters were observed in the combined group relative to the MBH-only group. No differences in treatment-related complications were observed between groups. Even after adjustment for potential covariates, EPO usage was an independent factor of successful hemispheric revascularization in this study (odds ratio, 6.41 [95% CI, 1.08–38.02]).

Conclusions:

The combination of MBH and EPO is safe and feasible for reinforcing transdural revascularization in acute steno-occlusive patients with perfusion impairments.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02603406.
The Position of Wh-Subjects in Labeling Theory
Authors: McInnerney Andrew
Published: May 2022

I identify an empirical limitation in Chomsky’s (2013, 2015) labeling theory and propose a theoretical modification that solves that problem. Chomsky argues that a labeling indeterminacy blocks movement of wh-subjects from Spec,TP into Spec,CP. However, I give evidence that wh-subjects can move from Spec,TP to Spec,CP. To solve the labeling problem, I propose (a) that labeling applies to the transferred constituent (normally the phase head complement), rather than the full phase, and (b) that labeling can be delayed by one application of Transfer. This proposal preserves core aspects of labeling theory, without requiring a costly complementizer deletion operation for wh-subject extraction.
Sentence Similarity Based on Contexts
Authors: Sun Xiaofei , Meng Yuxian , Ao Xiang , Wu Fei , Zhang Tianwei , Li Jiwei , Fan Chun
Published: May 2022

Existing methods to measure sentence similarity are faced with two challenges: (1) labeled datasets are usually limited in size, making them insufficient to train supervised neural models; and (2) there is a training-test gap for unsupervised language modeling (LM) based models to compute semantic scores between sentences, since sentence-level semantics are not explicitly modeled at training. This results in inferior performances in this task. In this work, we propose a new framework to address these two issues. The proposed framework is based on the core idea that the meaning of a sentence should be defined by its contexts, and that sentence similarity can be measured by comparing the probabilities of generating two sentences given the same context. The proposed framework is able to generate high-quality, large-scale dataset with semantic similarity scores between two sentences in an unsupervised manner, with which the train-test gap can be largely bridged. Extensive experiments show that the proposed framework achieves significant performance boosts over existing baselines under both the supervised and unsupervised settings across different datasets.
Document Summarization with Latent Queries
Authors: Xu Yumo , Lapata Mirella
Published: May 2022

The availability of large-scale datasets has driven the development of neural models that create generic summaries for single or multiple documents. For query-focused summarization (QFS), labeled training data in the form of queries, documents, and summaries is not readily available. We provide a unified modeling framework for any kind of summarization, under the assumption that all summaries are a response to a query, which is observed in the case of QFS and latent in the case of generic summarization. We model queries as discrete latent variables over document tokens, and learn representations compatible with observed and unobserved query verbalizations. Our framework formulates summarization as a generative process, and jointly optimizes a latent query model and a conditional language model. Despite learning from generic summarization data only, our approach outperforms strong comparison systems across benchmarks, query types, document settings, and target domains.1
Rats, Plagues, and Children, Oh My! Multimodal Representations of the Past in Historical Games
Authors: Redder Ben Dorrington , Schott Gareth
Published: May 2022

Since their inception, Game Studies and its sub-discipline Historical Game Studies have stressed the pedagogical potential of (historical) games for learning. Today, popular off-the-shelf historical digital games such as Assassin’s Creed: Origins (2017), Total War: Three Kingdoms (2019), and Red Dead Redemption (2010) have achieved period-faithful and authentic interactive representations of elements of history that possess pedagogical value distinct from written accounts. To substantiate this claim, the authors forward a multimodal account of the varied ways in which historical knowledge is present in both game design and the gameplay experience. Their approach is illustrated with an under-investigated (yet valuable) mode of historical exploration – ‘Imaginative History.’ Using video and/or screen captures from several sequences of recorded game footage taken from A Plague Tale: Innocence, the authors present a case example from the game’s fantastical portrayal of the Black Death plague. The game’s value for teaching and learning is examined in relation to its re-mediation and subversion of past pre-modern folklore imaginations and beliefs concerning the Black Death. The authors also account for the relevance of the way games achieve a specific mode of engagement that is experientially based and structured within gameplay.
Linaria markotchensis (Plantaginaceae), а new species from the Western Caucasus
Authors: POPOVICH ANTON V. , ZERNOV ALEXANDER S.
Published: May 2022

Linaria markotchensis (Plantaginaceae), а new species from the Western Caucasus, is described, illustrated and compared with its morphologically closest relatives from L. sect. Linaria (L. altaica, L. biebersteinii, L. macroura, L. odora and L. vulgaris). The new species is different from L. subsect. Laeves (L. altaica, L. macroura, L. odora) by the surface disk of the seed being covered with tubercles and short ridges and therefore should be assigned to L. subsect. Tuberculatae, in which it is distinguished by its habit. The main characters of L. markotchensis are the small size of the shoots; densely arranged alternate leaves, their number and succulence; lack of pubescence, except for some rare, very small glandular trichomes on the inner side of the sepals and corolla; black, shiny, reniform to orbicular-reniform seeds, with a wide black leathery wing; surface disk of the seed covered with tubercles and short ridges. Linaria markotchensis is a narrowly endemic species, growing on marl scree slopes of the Markotkh Ridge, Western Caucasus (Russia, Krasnodar Territory).
Amitostigma kaiyangense (Orchidaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China
Authors: HE SHUN-ZHI , WANG YONG , XU WEN-FEN
Published: May 2022

N/A
Ruellia scarlatina, a new name for the sixty-year-old but misunderstood Ruellia capitata Rizzini (Acanthaceae)
Authors: DA SILVA MARCOS JOSÉ
Published: May 2022

The name Ruellia capitata (Acanthaceae) given by Rizzini to the Brazilian species of the genus Ruellia, is an illegitimate name, as it is a later homonym of R. capitata described by D. Don based on specimens from Nepal in Asia. Therefore a new name, Ruellia scarlatina is proposed here for R. capitata. The detail description along with illustration, distribution map, conservation status, and morphological relationships, are provided. A key for the species of Ruellia with red flowers occurring in Goiás State, as well as coloured photographs of some of them, are also provided.
Dario tigris and Dario melanogrammus, two new species of miniature chameleon fishes from northern Myanmar (Teleostei: Badidae)
Authors: BRITZ RALF , KULLANDER SVEN , RÜBER LUKAS
Published: May 2022

Dario tigris, new species, is described from mountain streams south of Mogaung, in the Ayeyarwaddy River basin, Myanmar. It differs from congeneric species by its unique colour pattern, which consists of a series of eight straight vertical bars, the first two of which in males are ash-grey and the subsequent six are orange-red in life, combined with a series of small black spots arranged in three to four rows dorsolaterally on the head and nape. It differs further from its close relative Dario hysginon, with which it may occur syntopically, by fewer dorsal-fin spines (modally 14 vs modally 15), and fewer vertebrae (modally 12+12=24 vs modally 12+13= 25). Dario melanogrammus, new species, is another barred Dario from the Chindwin River basin. It differs from all other species of the genus by its zigzagging dark vertical bars; amongst Myanmar species, it can be further distinguished from D. hysginon and D. tigris by more vertebrae (modally 26 vs 25 in D. hysginon, and 24 in D. tigris).
Hyporheic zone, a blind spot: Discovery of the larva of Kisaura (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae) from Japan
Authors: TORII TAKAAKI , KUHARA NAOTOSHI , SHIRAKO TOMOYASU , UCHINO TORU , SOUMA RIO , KOBAYASHI TORU
Published: May 2022

Four genera of Philopotamidae (Trichoptera) are known from Japan: Chimara, Dolophilodes, Kisaura, and Wormaldia. Among them, adults of the genus Kisaura are known in the Oriental and East Palearctic region; but until now, larvae of this genus have not been observed. In this study, molecular evidence is presented to support the relationship between adults and larvae of Kisaura minakawai Arefina 2005 from hyporheic zones of Japanese rivers. Morphological features of the larva of K. minakawai, which include very small eyes and somewhat dorsoventrally flattened (depressed) head capsules, compared with those of other philopotamid species, are also suggested to be adapted to the hyporheic zone. Detailed morphology of K. minakawai larval characters are provided.
A new species of the genus Pseudohampsonella Solovyev & Saldaitis (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae) from Xizang Autonomous Region, China
Authors: WU JUN , ZHAO TING-TING , HAN HUI-LIN
Published: May 2022

The sixth species of the genus Pseudohampsonella Solovyev & Saldaitis, 2014, P. medogensis sp. nov., is described from Xizang Autonomous Region, China. The new species is morphologically similar to the congeners P. bayizhena Wu & Pan, 2015 and P. hoenei Solovyev & Saldaitis, 2014, but differs from them by the uncus slightly waved with a blunt apex and the phallus distinctly curved mesally. Images of adults and genitalia are presented. The circumscription of the new species is supported molecularly by the analysis of the pairwise genetic distances using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The minimum interspecific distance value between the new species and its sister species, P. lii Wang & Li, 2017, is 7.7%.
A new species of Megaglena Peters & Edmunds, 1970 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: SRINIVASAN PANDIARAJAN , ISACK RAJASEKARAN
Published: May 2022

Megaglena sivarubani sp. nov. is described based on the nymphs from the Puliyuthu falls of Tamil Nadu, Southern India. The number of species of Megaglena Peters & Edmunds is now expanded to three and it is the first record of the genus from the Tamil Nadu part of Southern Western Ghats. Megaglena sivarubani sp. nov. can be distinguished from Indian species M. agasthiya Vasanth, Subramanian & Selvakumar by the body size of the nymphs, shape of the labial palp segment III, and by the setation of foretibia. The morphological variations between all the known species of Megaglena are discussed and summarized.
A new diminutive subterranean eel loach species of the genus Pangio (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from Southern India
Authors: SUNDAR REMYA L , ARJUN C.P. , SIDHARTHAN ARYA , DAHANUKAR NEELESH , RAGHAVAN RAJEEV
Published: May 2022

A second subterranean species of Pangio is described from an old dug-out well in Kerala, Southern India. The new species, Pangio pathala is unique within the genus in possessing the highest number (27) of caudal vertebrae. Pangio pathala is distinguished from P. bhujia, the only subterranean Pangio species known so far, in having four pectoral-fin rays (vs. three), five anal-fin rays (vs. six), 67 vertebrae (40 abdominal and 27 caudal vertebrae) (vs. 62–63), and a raw genetic distance of 8.1–8.7% in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene. This paper also provides an additional record of Pangio bhujia from a location 40 km south of the type locality.
Nanobiomaterials in the Repair and Reconstruction of Ankle Trauma Skin Flap Surgical Infection Clinical Research Study
Authors: Li Xiao-Fei , Chen Jun-Jiang
Published: May 2022

This paper discusses the value and surgical techniques of applying nano-silver combined skin flaps to repair large-area soft tissue defects in the calves and ankles. From January 2016 to December 2020, combined skin flap transplantation was used to treat 36 patients with large-area
soft tissue defects in the calf and ankle, and nano-silver was used for wound wet compress. The study found 3 cases of vascular crisis in this group, and vascular exploration was carried out. After the arterial crisis was relieved, 1 case of free flap survived, 1 case of free flap edge necrosis,
wound healing after dressing change, and 1 case of vein Partial necrosis of the free skin flap after embolization exploration. The remaining 33 patients with transplanted tissues all survived, and the wounds were repaired in one stage. The total success rate was 97.2% (35/36). The postoperative
follow-up was 4 to 36 months, with an average of 16 months. The flap was soft and good in appearance, and the function of the affected limb and ankle was recovered satisfactorily. For this reason, we can conclude that the use of different forms of combined skin flap transplantation provides
a feasible and effective technical method for the repair of large-area soft tissue defects in the calf and ankle. The nano-silver coating on the wound can effectively reduce the disability rate. Restore limb function.
Application of Biomaterials in Prevention and Treatment of Calf Tendon Injury in Football Games
Authors: Bao Yi-chen , Yu Ying , Chen Peng , Teng Yu-song
Published: May 2022

Football sports can easily lead to a calf strain and tendon damage. To this end, we explored the therapeutic effect of sodium hyaluronate biomaterial-assisted micro-suturing in treating calf tendon injury after football sports. Given this, we will group the patients to compare the test
and conduct the efficacy analysis. One group was sutured by ordinary microsurgery. The other was sutured and combined with sodium hyaluronate treatment. The study found that there were statistical differences in tendon recovery between the two groups of patients. Sodium hyaluronate biomaterial
can improve the treatment effect of calf tendon injury in football sports. This biological material is worthy of clinical application.
Lysyl Oxidase-Like Protein-2 Silencing Suppresses the Invasion and Proliferation of Esophageal Cancer Cells
Authors: Liu Yi , Zhu Jinfeng , Yang Longhai , Wu Qiang , Zhou Zizi , Zhang Xiaoming , Zeng Wei
Published: May 2022

This study explores the effect of silencing lysyl oxidase-like protein-2 (LOXL2) gene on TE-1 cells. TE-1 cells were transfected by LOXL2-siRNA. E-cadherin, LOXL2, and Snail were detected using Western blot and Real-time PCR. Transwell invasion and migration assay was performed. Flow
cytometry detected apoptosis. Cell growth was analyzed with CCK-8 and colony formation. After48 h of transfection, compared with control groups, LOXL2 mRNA in the LOXL2-siRNA group (0.40±0.01) lowered significantly (P < 0.05). Consistently, LOXL2 protein in LOXL2-siRNA group
was (0.48± 0.02), significantly lower than that in blank control (1.04± 0.03) and negative control (1.02± 0.02) (P < 0.05). After 72 h of cell culture, the absorbance of LOXL2-siRNA group was (0.43±0.04), which reduced significantly than blank control
(0.81±0.05) and negative control (0.84±0.06) (P < 0.05). Similarly, cell clone number after LOXL2-siRNA transfection (72.3±4.2)increased significantly than the negative control (178.8±4.6) and blank control (167.3±3.5) (P < 0.05). However,
LOXL2 silencing did not significantly affect cell apoptosis. Furthermore, LOXL2 silencing inhibited Snail while increased E-cadherin (P < 0.05). Conclusively, LOXL2 silencing may suppress the invasion and proliferation of esophageal cancer cells via down-regulating Snail, and up-regulating
E-cadherin to inhibit EMT in esophageal cancer cells.
Anti-Programmed Death Protein-1 (PD-1) Antibody Combined with Paclitaxel Exert Anti-Cancer Effect on Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhou Chun , Wu Fang , Liang Mengjie , Li Jiayi , Shao Yuping
Published: May 2022

The therapeutic effect of combined drugs on cervical cancer has been confirmed. Whether anti-PD-1 antibody combined with paclitaxel mediates the PI3K-Akt pathway to regulate cervical cancer still requires further research. 20 nude mice received subcutaneous administration of Hela cells
to establish cervical cancer model which was then assigned into blank control group, control group A (PD-1 antibody (5 mg/ kg) administration), control group B (paclitaxel), and observation group (PD-1 antibody combined with paclitaxel) followed by analysis of cell proliferation, apoptosis,
expression of PI3K-Akt signaling proteins and mRNAs. Observation group had lowest tumor size, highest cell proliferation inhibition rate and apoptosis, which were all reversed in blank group with a largest tumor size, lowest cell proliferation inhibition rate and cell apoptosis. There were
no differences between control group A and control group B (P > 0.05). The expressions of PI3K, Akt, p53, and p21 proteins were lowest in observation group and highest in blank group. In addition, control group showed no difference to control group B (P > 0.05). In conclusion,
anti-PD-1 antibody combined with paclitaxel inhibits PI3K-Akt signaling activity, thereby downregulating PI3K, Akt, p53, and p21 protein, controlling cervical cancer cell division, promoting cell apoptosis, and exerting anti-tumor effects.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs)-Derived miR-206 Promotes Breast Cancer Development by Activating Hedgehog Gene Signaling
Authors: Wu Xinghui , Gong Lijuan , Xiao Pengfei , Wan Min
Published: May 2022

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are an integral part of the tumor microenvironment and involved in tumor evolution. Our aim is to further illuminate the relationship of exosomes of BMSC origin and breast cancer cells in breast cancer. Differential diagnosis was performed
by identifying exosomal miR-206 secreted by BMSCs, and RT-PCR detected miR-206 expression in tumor tissues. Transwell assayed cell function and Target scan analyzed the regulatory relationship between Rab23 and miR-206. Rab23 expression was examined by western-blot after the addition of Rab23
and the effect of Rab23 on hedgehog was further verified. We demonstrated that exosomal miR-206 from BMSCs is expressed in tumor tissues and miR-206 mimics significantly inhibited tumor cell invasion and proliferation. miR-206 targets Rab23 and negatively regulates its expression. Further
results showed that the addition of Rab23 could activate hedgehog signaling and promote the development of breast cancer. In conclusion, our study reveals that BMSC-derived miR-206 activates hedgehog gene signaling and promotes the breast carcinogenesis development by regulating Rab23 expression.
NGS data vectorization, clustering, and finding key codons in SARS-CoV-2 variations
Authors: Kim Juhyeon , Cheon Saeyeon , Ahn Insung
Published: May 2022

The rapid global spread and dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 has provided the virus with numerous opportunities to develop several variants. Thus, it is critical to determine the degree of the variations and in which part of the virus those variations occurred. Therefore, in this study, methods that could be used to vectorize the sequence data, perform clustering analysis, and visualize the results were proposed using machine learning methods. To conduct this study, a total of 224,073 cases of SARS-CoV-2 sequence data were collected through NCBI and GISAID, and the data were visualized using dimensionality reduction and clustering analysis models such as T-SNE and DBSCAN. The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which was first detected, was distinguished from different variations, including Omicron and Delta, in the cluster results. Furthermore, it was possible to examine which codon changes in the spike protein caused the variants to be distinguished using feature importance extraction models such as Random Forest or Shapely Value. The proposed method has the advantage of being able to analyse and visualize a large amount of data at once compared to the existing tree-based sequence data analysis. The proposed method was able to identify and visualize significant changes between the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which was first detected in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and the newly formed mutant virus group. As a result of clustering analysis using sequence data, it was possible to confirm the formation of clusters among various variants in a two-dimensional graph, and by extracting the importance of variables, it was possible to confirm which codon changes played a major role in distinguishing variants. Furthermore, since the proposed method can handle a variety of data sequences, it can be used for all kinds of diseases, including influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, the proposed method has the potential to become widely used for the effective analysis of disease variations.