bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-time monitoring of laser powder bed fusion process using high-speed X-ray imaging and diffraction
Authors: Zhao Cang , Fezzaa Kamel , Cunningham Ross W. , Wen Haidan , De Carlo Francesco , Chen Lianyi , Rollett Anthony D. , Sun Tao
Published: June 2017

We employ the high-speed synchrotron hard X-ray imaging and diffraction techniques to monitor the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process of Ti-6Al-4V in situ and in real time. We demonstrate that many scientifically and technologically significant phenomena in LPBF, including melt pool dynamics, powder ejection, rapid solidification, and phase transformation, can be probed with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. In particular, the keyhole pore formation is experimentally revealed with high spatial and temporal resolutions. The solidification rate is quantitatively measured, and the slowly decrease in solidification rate during the relatively steady state could be a manifestation of the recalescence phenomenon. The high-speed diffraction enables a reasonable estimation of the cooling rate and phase transformation rate, and the diffusionless transformation from β to α
’
phase is evident. The data present here will facilitate the understanding of dynamics and kinetics in metal LPBF process, and the experiment platform established will undoubtedly become a new paradigm for future research and development of metal additive manufacturing.
Neo-actinomycins A and B, natural actinomycins bearing the 5H-oxazolo[4,5-b]phenoxazine chromophore, from the marine-derived Streptomyces sp. IMB094
Authors: Wang Qiang , Zhang Yixuan , Wang Mian , Tan Yi , Hu Xinxin , He Hongwei , Xiao Chunling , You Xuefu , Wang Yiguang , Gan Maoluo
Published: June 2017

Neo-actinomycins A and B (1 and 2), two new natural actinomycins featuring an unprecedented tetracyclic 5H-oxazolo[4,5-b]phenoxazine chromophore, were isolated from the marine-derived actinomyceteStreptomycessp. IMB094. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. The presence of this ring system was proposed to originate from a condensation between actinomycin D (3) with α-ketoglutarate and pyruvate, respectively. Compound 1 showed potent cytotoxic activities against human cancer HCT116 and A549 cell lines in the nanomolar range (IC50: 38.7 and 65.8 nM, respectively) and moderate antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and vancomycin-resistantEnterococci(VRE) strains.
Hair bundles of cochlear outer hair cells are shaped to minimize their fluid-dynamic resistance
Authors: Ciganović Nikola , Wolde-Kidan Amanuel , Reichenbach Tobias
Published: June 2017

The mammalian sense of hearing relies on two types of sensory cells: inner hair cells transmit the auditory stimulus to the brain, while outer hair cells mechanically modulate the stimulus through active feedback. Stimulation of a hair cell is mediated by displacements of its mechanosensitive hair bundle which protrudes from the apical surface of the cell into a narrow fluid-filled space between reticular lamina and tectorial membrane. While hair bundles of inner hair cells are of linear shape, those of outer hair cells exhibit a distinctive V-shape. The biophysical rationale behind this morphology, however, remains unknown. Here we use analytical and computational methods to study the fluid flow across rows of differently shaped hair bundles. We find that rows of V-shaped hair bundles have a considerably reduced resistance to crossflow, and that the biologically observed shapes of hair bundles of outer hair cells are near-optimal in this regard. This observation accords with the function of outer hair cells and lends support to the recent hypothesis that inner hair cells are stimulated by a net flow, in addition to the well-established shear flow that arises from shearing between the reticular lamina and the tectorial membrane.
Ecological diversity and co-occurrence patterns of bacterial community through soil profile in response to long-term switchgrass cultivation
Authors: He Shubin , Guo Lixiang , Niu Mengying , Miao Fuhong , Jiao Shuo , Hu Tianming , Long Mingxiu
Published: June 2017

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a cellulosic biofuel feedstock and their effects on bacterial communities in deep soils remain poorly understood. To reveal the responses of bacterial communities to long-term switchgrass cultivation through the soil profile, we examined the shift of soil microbial communities with depth profiles of 0–60 cm in five-year switchgrass cultivation and fallow plots. The Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that switchgrass cultivation significantly increased microbial OTU richness, rather than microbial Shannon diversity; however, there was no significant difference in the structure of microbial communities between switchgrass cultivation and fallow soils. Both switchgrass cultivation and fallow soils exhibited significant negative vertical spatial decay of microbial similarity, indicating that more vertical depth distant soils had more dissimilar communities. Specifically, switchgrass cultivation soils showed more beta-diversity variations across soil depth profile. Through network analysis, more connections and closer relationships of microbial taxa were observed in soils under switchgrass cultivation, suggesting that microbial co-occurrence patterns were substantially influenced by switchgrass cultivation. Overall, our study suggested that five-year switchgrass cultivation could generated more beta-diversity variations across soil depth and more complex inter-relationships of microbial taxa, although did not significantly shape the structure of soil microbial community.
Quadratic Characteristics of Environment Induced Voltage Shot Noise in Josephson Junctions
Authors: Wang Jyh-Yang , Chung Tao-Hsiang , Lee Teik-Hui , Chen Chii-Dong
Published: June 2017

We investigate theoretically and experimentally the environment-induced voltage shot noise in current biased Josephson junctions induced by phase particle tunneling. Quantum mechanical treatment based on the Caldeira-Leggett model with tight-binding formulation in local Wannier bases gives a clear picture of the voltage shot noise. A universal form of the zero-frequency noise spectrum is obtained, which exhibits a quadratic dependence on the mean voltage in small bias region. The quadratic dependence is verified experimentally on junctions covering a wide range of parameters, and is found also in junction arrays of various array sizes.
Dating early animal evolution using phylogenomic data
Authors: Dohrmann Martin , Wörheide Gert
Published: June 2017

Information about the geological timeframe during which animals radiated into their major subclades is crucial to understanding early animal ecology and evolution. Unfortunately, the pre-Cambrian fossil record is sparse and its interpretation controversial. Relaxed molecular-clock methods provide an alternative means of estimating the timing of cladogenesis deep in the metazoan tree of life. So far, thorough molecular clock studies focusing specifically on Metazoa as a whole have been based on relatively small datasets or incomplete representation of the main non-bilaterian lineages (such as sponges and ctenophores), which are fundamental for understanding early metazoan evolution. Here, we use a previously published phylogenomic dataset that includes a fair sampling of all relevant groups to estimate the timing of early animal evolution with Bayesian relaxed-clock methods. According to our results, all non-bilaterian phyla, as well as total-group Bilateria, evolved in an ancient radiation during a geologically relatively short time span, before the onset of long-term global glaciations (“Snowball Earth”; ~720–635 Ma). Importantly, this result appears robust to alterations of a number of important analytical variables, such as models of among-lineage rate variation and sets of fossil calibrations used.
Trait choice profoundly affected the ecological conclusions drawn from functional diversity measures
Authors: Zhu Linhai , Fu Bojie , Zhu Huoxing , Wang Cong , Jiao Lei , Zhou Ji
Published: June 2017

Although trait choice is crucial to quantify functional diversity appropriately, the quantitative methods for it are rarely compared and discussed. Meanwhile, very little is known about how trait choice affects ecological conclusions drawn from functional diversity measures. We presented the four methods of trait selection as alternatives to the ordination axis-based method, which directly identify a subset of key traits to represent the main variation of all the traits. To evaluate their performance, we compared the closeness of association obtained by different methods between species richness and functional diversity indices (FAD, FD, Q, FDis) in the six ecosystems. The evaluation was also benchmarked against the results obtained by calculating the possible indices using all the trait combinations (the complete search method). We found that the trait selection methods were potential alternatives to axis-based method to gain a mechanistic understanding of functional responses and effects of traits, while these methods as well as the axis-based method possibly use mismatched information to interpret the investigated ecosystem properties. Trait choice profoundly affected the ecological conclusions drawn from functional diversity measures. The complete search method should be used to assess the rationale of different trait choice methods and the quality of the calculated indices.
Biodistribution and residence time of adenovector serotype 5 in normal and immunodeficient mice and rats detected with bioluminescent imaging
Authors: Liu Qiang , Zhou Shuya , Fan Changfa , Huang Weijin , Li Qianqian , Liu Susu , Wu Xi , Li Baowen , Wang Youchun
Published: June 2017

As concerns increase about adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) being a safe gene transfer vector, it is important to evaluate its distribution, residence time, and possible toxicity in immunodeficient populations. To characterize the potential risk associated with different Ad5 vector delivery modes, we used immunocompetent and immunodeficient Rag2−/− animals to establish mouse and rat models that could be monitored with bioluminescent imaging following intramuscular or intravascular infection with an engineered replication-incompetent Ad5 virus carrying the firefly luciferase gene (Ad5-Fluc). The Ad5 vector was less well-tolerated by Rag2−/− animals than by wildtype ones, with delayed residence time, wider virus dissemination, less weight gain, and relatively severe pathological changes. In intravascularly Ad5-Fluc-infected Rag2−/− mice, systemic virus dissemination extended from the abdomen to the limbs and head on day 9 post-infection. Additionally, significant increases in plasma TNF-α and IFN-γ, which may be important factors in the heightened immunopathology in the liver and brain, were detected in the Rag2−/− mice 30 days after intravascular delivery. The Ad5 vector was better tolerated after intramuscular delivery than after intravascular delivery. Ad5-Fluc/Rag2−/− mice and rats can be used as reliable models of an immunodeficient population in which to evaluate the safety of Ad5-vectored vaccines or gene therapy products.
Anger provocation in violent offenders leads to emotion dysregulation
Authors: Tonnaer Franca , Siep Nicolette , van Zutphen Linda , Arntz Arnoud , Cima Maaike
Published: June 2017

Anger and anger regulation problems that result in aggressive behaviour pose a serious problem for society. In this study we investigated differences in brain responses during anger provocation or anger engagement, as well as anger regulation or distraction from anger, and compared 16 male violent offenders to 18 non-offender controls. During an fMRI adapted provocation and regulation task participants were presented with angry, happy and neutral scenarios. Prior research on violent offenders indicates that a combination of increased limbic activity (involved in emotion), along with decreased prefrontal activity (involved in emotion regulation), is associated with reactive aggression. We found increased ventrolateral prefrontal activity during anger engagement in violent offenders, while decreased dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal activity was found during anger distraction. This activity pattern was specific for anger. We found no exclusive pattern for happiness. In violent offenders, this suggests an increased need to regulate specifically during anger engagement and regulation difficulties when explicitly instructed to distract. The constant effort required for violent offenders to regulate anger might exhaust the necessary cognitive resources, resulting in a risk for self-control failure. Consequently, continuous provocation might ultimately contribute to reactive aggression.
Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy, a Novel Diagnostic Tool for Metastatic Cell Detection in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Children with Medulloblastoma
Authors: Gershanov Sivan , Michowiz Shalom , Toledano Helen , Yahav Gilad , Barinfeld Orit , Hirshberg Avraham , Ben-Zvi Haim , Mircus Gabriel , Salmon-Divon Mali , Fixler Dror , Goldenberg-Cohen Nitza
Published: June 2017

In pediatric brain tumours, dissemination of malignant cells within the central nervous system confers poor prognosis and determines treatment intensity, but is often undetectable by imaging or cytology. This study describes the use of fluorescence lifetime (FLT) imaging microscopy (FLIM), a novel diagnostic tool, for detection of metastatic spread. The study group included 15 children with medulloblastoma and 2 with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour. Cells extracted from the tumour and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 2 weeks postoperatively and repeatedly during chemo/radiotherapy were subjected to nuclear staining followed by FLT measurement and cytological study. Control CSF samples were collected from patients with infectious/inflammatory disease attending the same hospital. Median FLT was prolonged in tumour cells (4.27 ± 0.28 ns;P < 2.2*10−16) and CSF metastatic cells obtained before chemo/radiotherapy (6.28 ± 0.22 ns;P < 2.2*10−16); normal in inflammatory control cells (2.6 ± 0.04 ns) and cells from children without metastasis before chemo/radiotherapy (2.62 ± 0.23 ns;P = 0.858) and following treatment (2.62 ± 0.21 ns;P = 0.053); and short in CSF metastatic cells obtained after chemo/radiotherapy (2.40 ± 0.2 ns;P < 2.2*10−16). FLIM is a simple test that can potentially identify CSF spread of brain tumours. FLT changes in accordance with treatment, with significant prolonged median values in tumours and metastases. More accurate detection of metastatic cells may guide personalised treatment and improve the therapeutic outcome.
Comparing the plant diversity between artificial forest and nature growth forest in a giant panda habitat
Authors: Kang Dongwei , Wang Xiaorong , Li Shuang , Li Junqing
Published: June 2017

Artificial restoration is an important way to restore forests, but little is known about its effect on the habitat restoration of the giant panda. In the present study, we investigated the characteristics of artificial forest in the Wanglang Nature Reserve to determine whether through succession it has formed a suitable habitat for the giant panda. We compared artificial forest characteristics with those of natural habitat used by the giant panda. We found that the dominant tree species in artificial forest differed from those in the natural habitat. The artificial forest had lower plant species richness and diversity in the tree and shrub layers than did the latter, and its community structure was characterized by smaller tree and bamboo sizes, and fewer and lower bamboo clumps, but more trees and larger shrub sizes. The typical community collocation of artificial forest was a “Picea asperata + no-bamboo” model, which differs starkly from the giant panda’s natural habitat. After several years of restoration, the artificial forest has failed to become a suitable habitat for the giant panda. Therefore, a simple way of planting individual trees cannot restore giant panda habitat; instead, habitat restoration should be based on the habitat requirements of the giant panda.
A novel imaging method for correlating 2D light microscopic data and 3D volume data based on block-face imaging
Authors: Tajika Yuki , Murakami Tohru , Iijima Keiya , Gotoh Hiroki , Takahashi-Ikezawa Maiko , Ueno Hitoshi , Yoshimoto Yuhei , Yorifuji Hiroshi
Published: June 2017

We have developed an imaging method designated as correlative light microscopy and block-face imaging (CoMBI), which contributes to improve the reliability of morphological analyses. This method can collect both the frozen sections and serial block-face images in a single specimen. The frozen section can be used for conventional light microscopic analysis to obtain 2-dimensional (2D) anatomical and molecular information, while serial block-face images can be used as 3-dimensional (3D) volume data for anatomical analysis. Thus, the sections maintain positional information in the specimen, and allows the correlation of 2D microscopic data and 3D volume data in a single specimen. The subjects can vary in size and type, and can cover most specimens encountered in biology. In addition, the required system for our method is characterized by cost-effectiveness. Here, we demonstrated the utility of CoMBI using specimens ranging in size from several millimeters to several centimeters, i.e., mouse embryos, human brainstem samples, and stag beetle larvae, and present successful correlation between the 2D light microscopic images and 3D volume data in a single specimen.
Structural insight for the recognition of G-quadruplex structure at human c-myc promoter sequence by flavonoid Quercetin
Authors: Tawani Arpita , Mishra Subodh Kumar , Kumar Amit
Published: June 2017

Small molecule ligands that could stabilize G-quadruplex structure formed at the promoter region of human c-myc oncogene will regulate its expression in cancer cells. Flavonoids, a group of naturally available small molecule, have been known for their various promising effects on human health. In present study, we have performed detailed biophysical studies for the interaction of human c-myc G-quadruplex DNA with nine representative flavonoids: Luteolin, Quercetin, Rutin, Genistein, Kaempferol, Puerarin, Hesperidin, Myricetin and Daidzein. We found by using fluorescence titration that Quercetin interacts with c-myc G-quadruplex DNA sequence Pu24T with highest affinity. This interaction was further explored by using NMR spectroscopy and we have derived the first solution structure for the complex formed between Quercetin and biologically significant c-myc promoter DNA sequence forming G-quadruplex structure. In present solution structure, Quercetin stacks at 5′ and 3′ G-tetrads of Pu24T G-quadruplex structure and stabilize it via π-π stacking interactions. Furthermore, in vitro studies on HeLa cells suggested that Quercetin induces apoptosis-mediated cell death and down-regulated c-myc gene expression. This study emphasizes the potential of flavonoids as a promising candidate for targeting c-myc promoter region and thus, could act as a potential anti-cancer agent.
Hif-1α Knockdown Reduces Glycolytic Metabolism and Induces Cell Death of Human Synovial Fibroblasts Under Normoxic Conditions
Authors: Del Rey Manuel J. , Valín Álvaro , Usategui Alicia , García-Herrero Carmen M. , Sánchez-Aragó María , Cuezva José M. , Galindo María , Bravo Beatriz , Cañete Juan D. , Blanco Francisco J. , Criado Gabriel , Pablos José L.
Published: June 2017

Increased glycolysis and HIF-1α activity are characteristics of cells under hypoxic or inflammatory conditions. Besides, in normal O2 environments, elevated rates of glycolysis support critical cellular mechanisms such as cell survival. The purpose of this study was to analyze the contribution of HIF-1α to the energy metabolism and survival of human synovial fibroblasts (SF) under normoxic conditions. HIF-1α was silenced using lentiviral vectors or small-interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes. Expression analysis by qRT-PCR and western blot of known HIF-1α target genes in hypoxia demonstrated the presence of functional HIF-1α in normoxic SF and confirmed the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as a HIF-1α target even in normoxia. HIF-1α silencing induced apoptotic cell death in cultured SF and, similarly, treatment with glycolytic, but not with OXPHOS inhibitors, induced SF death. Finally, in vivo HIF-1α targeting by siRNA showed a significant reduction in the viability of human SF engrafted into a murine air pouch. Our results demonstrate that SF are highly dependent on glycolytic metabolism and that HIF-1α plays a regulatory role in glycolysis even under aerobic conditions. Local targeting of HIF-1α provides a feasible strategy to reduce SF hyperplasia in chronic arthritic diseases.
Nitric oxide mediated transcriptional modulation enhances plant adaptive responses to arsenic stress
Authors: Singh Pradyumna Kumar , Indoliya Yuvraj , Chauhan Abhisekh Singh , Singh Surendra Pratap , Singh Amit Pal , Dwivedi Sanjay , Tripathi Rudra Deo , Chakrabarty Debasis
Published: June 2017

Arsenic (As) contamination in rice leads to yield decline and causes carcinogenic risk to human health. Although the role of nitric oxide (NO) in reducing As toxicity is known, NO-mediated genetic modulation in the plant during arsenic toxicity has not yet been established. We analyzed the key components of NO metabolism and the correlations between NO interaction and arsenic stress using rice as a relevant model plant. Illumina sequencing was used to investigate the NO-mediated genome-wide temporal transcriptomic modulation in rice root upon AsIII exposure during 12 days (d) of the growth period. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was used as NO donor. SNP supplementation resulted in marked decrease in ROS, cell death and As accumulation during AsIII stress. NO was found to modulate metal transporters particularly NIP, NRAMP, ABC and iron transporters, stress related genes such as CytP450, GSTs, GRXs, TFs, amino acid, hormone(s), signaling and secondary metabolism genes involved in As detoxification. We detected NO-mediated change in jasmonic acid (JA) content during AsIII stress. The study infers that NO reduces AsIII toxicity through modulating regulatory networks involved in As detoxification and JA biosynthesis.
Residential radon exposure and brain cancer: an ecological study in a radon prone area (Galicia, Spain)
Authors: Ruano-Ravina Alberto , Aragonés Nuria , Kelsey Karl T. , Pérez-Ríos Mónica , Piñeiro-Lamas María , López-Abente Gonzalo , Barros-Dios Juan M.
Published: June 2017

We aimed to know if radon concentration is associated with municipal mortality due to brain cancer in Galicia, Spain. We designed an ecological study taking as study unit Galician municipalities. To be included, municipalities had to have at least three radon measurements. We correlated radon concentrations with municipal mortality due to these malignant tumors during the period 1999–2008. We calculated the relative risk of dying of brain cancers for each municipality and correlated this value with municipal radon concentration using Spearman’s Rho. 251 municipalities were included, with close to 3,500 radon measurements and an average of 14 radon measurements at each municipality. We observed a significant correlation between residential radon with brain cancer mortality for males and females and the intensity of the correlation was higher for females. These results were reinforced when the analysis was restricted to municipalities with more than 5 radon measurements: Spearman’s Rho 0.286 (p-value < 0.001) and Spearman’s Rho 0.509 (p-value < 0.001) for males and females, respectively. These results suggest an association between residential radon and brain cancer mortality. More research using more robust epidemiological designs is needed to confirm these findings.
Specific ablation of mouse Fam20C in cells expressing type I collagen leads to skeletal defects and hypophosphatemia
Authors: Liu Peihong , Ma Su , Zhang Hua , Liu Chao , Lu Yongbo , Chen Li , Qin Chunlin
Published: June 2017

FAM20C mutations in humans cause Raine syndrome and our previous studies showed that global inactivation of mouse Fam20C led to bone and dental defects. By crossbreeding 2.3 
kb Col 1a1-Cre mice with Fam20C
flox/flox
mice, we created 2.3 
kb Col 1a1-Cre;Fam20C
foxl/flox
(cKO) mice, in which Fam20C was inactivated in cells expressing Type I collagen. This study showed that the long bones of cKO mice were shorter and had a lower level of mineralization compared to the normal mice. The collagen fibrils in Fam20C-deficient bone were disorganized and thicker while the growth plate cartilage in cKO mice was disorganized and wider compared to the normal mice. The Fam20C-deficient bone had a lower level of dentin matrix protein 1, and higher levels of osteopontin and bone sialoprotein than the normal. The blood of cKO mice had an elevated level of fibroblast growth factor 23 and reduced level of phosphorus. These findings indicate that inactivation of Fam20C in cells expressing type I collagen led to skeletal defects and hypophosphatemia. The altered levels of dentin matrix protein 1 and osteopontin in Fam20C-deficient bone may be significant contributors to the mineralized tissue defects in human patients and animals suffering from the functional loss of FAM20C.
Postprandial metabolic response of breast-fed infants and infants fed lactose-free vs regular infant formula: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Slupsky Carolyn M. , He Xuan , Hernell Olle , Andersson Yvonne , Rudolph Colin , Lönnerdal Bo , West Christina E.
Published: June 2017

Lactose intolerance is a major concern driving the growth of lactose-free foods including lactose-free infant formula. It is unknown what the metabolic consequence is of consumption of a formula where lactose has been replaced with corn syrup solids (CSS). Here, a randomized double-blinded intervention study was conducted where exclusively formula-fed infants were fed formula containing either lactose or CSS-based infant formula and compared with an equal number of exclusively breast-fed infants. Plasma metabolites and insulin were measured at baseline, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after feeding. Differences in plasma metabolite profiles for formula-fed infants included a rapid increase in circulating amino acids, creatinine and urea compared with breast-fed infants. At 120 min post-feeding, insulin was significantly elevated in formula-fed compared with breast-fed infants. Infants fed lactose-based formula had the highest levels of glucose at 120 min, and leucine, isoleucine, valine and proline at 90 and 120 min, whereas infants fed CSS-based formula had the lowest levels of non-esterified fatty acids at all time points, and glucose at 120 min. Overall, these differences highlight that changes in infant formula composition impact infant metabolism, and show that metabolomics is a powerful tool to help with development of improved infant formulas.
ZipA and FtsA* stabilize FtsZ-GDP miniring structures
Authors: Chen Yaodong , Huang Haiyan , Osawa Masaki , Erickson Harold P.
Published: June 2017

The cytokinetic division ring of Escherichia coli comprises filaments of FtsZ tethered to the membrane by FtsA and ZipA. Previous results suggested that ZipA is a Z-ring stabilizer, since in vitro experiments it is shown that ZipA enhanced FtsZ assembly and caused the filaments to bundles. However, this function of ZipA has been challenged by recent studies. First, ZipA-induced FtsZ bundling was not significant at pH greater than 7. Second, some FtsA mutants, such as FtsA* were able to bypass the need of ZipA. We reinvestigated the interaction of FtsZ with ZipA in vitro. We found that ZipA not only stabilized and bundled straight filaments of FtsZ-GTP, but also stabilized the highly curved filaments and miniring structures formed by FtsZ-GDP. FtsA* had a similar stabilization of FtsZ-GDP minirings. Our results suggest that ZipA and FtsA* may contribute to constriction by stabilizing this miniring conformation.
The determination of chlorine in plastic using isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Ohata Masaki , Wada Ayaka
Published: June 2017

The determination of chlorine (Cl) in plastic using isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ID-ICPMS) combined with different sample pretreatment procedures was examined in the present study.
Supramolecular functional assemblies: dynamic membrane transporters and peptide nanotubular composites
Authors: Fuertes Alberto , Juanes Marisa , Granja Juan R. , Montenegro Javier
Published: June 2017

The fabrication of functional molecular devices constitutes one of the most important current challenges for chemical sciences.
A simple self-assembly strategy for ultrahigh surface area nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanospheres with enhanced adsorption and energy storage performances
Authors: Tang Zhiwei , Liu Shaohong , Lu Zhitao , Lin Xidong , Zheng Bingna , Liu Ruliang , Wu Dingcai , Fu Ruowen
Published: June 2017

Versatile N-doped porous carbon nanospheres with ultrahigh surface areas were prepared based on copolymerization-induced self-assembly.
Bioelectrocatalytic NAD+/NADH inter-conversion: transformation of an enzymatic fuel cell into an enzymatic redox flow battery
Authors: Quah Timothy , Milton Ross D. , Abdellaoui Sofiene , Minteer Shelley D.
Published: June 2017

Diaphorase and a benzylpropylviologen redox polymer were combined to create a bioelectrode that can both oxidize NADH and reduce NAD+.
Correction: Dynamic nuclear polarization in a magnetic resonance force microscope experiment
Authors: Isaac Corinne E. , Gleave Christine M. , Nasr Paméla T. , Nguyen Hoang L. , Curley Elizabeth A. , Yoder Jonilyn L. , Moore Eric W. , Chen Lei , Marohn John A.
Published: June 2017

Correction for ‘Dynamic nuclear polarization in a magnetic resonance force microscope experiment’ by Corinne E. Isaac et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 8806–8819.
Development of basicity in mesoporous silicas and metallosilicates
Authors: Kryszak D. , Stawicka K. , Trejda M. , Calvino-Casilda V. , Martin-Aranda R. , Ziolek M.
Published: June 2017

We report herein an experimental study on the development of basicity on mesoporous silicas and metallosilicates (Nb- and Ce-) on SBA-15 and MCF porous structures.
Ranking REACH registered neutral, ionizable and ionic organic chemicals based on their aquatic persistency and mobility
Authors: Arp H. P. H. , Brown T. N. , Berger U. , Hale S. E.
Published: June 2017

REACH registered neutral, ionizable and ionic organic chemicals were evaluated for their potential to present a hazard to drinking water sources.
The double influence mechanism of pH on arsenic removal by nano zero valent iron: electrostatic interactions and the corrosion of Fe0
Authors: Wu Can , Tu Jingwei , Liu Weizhen , Zhang Jing , Chu Shengqi , Lu Guining , Lin Zhang , Dang Zhi
Published: June 2017

The pH has a significant impact on arsenic (As) removal by nano zero valent iron (nZVI).
Fast and reproducible iSERS microscopy of single HER2-positive breast cancer cells using gold nanostars as SERS nanotags
Authors: Wang Xin-Ping , Walkenfort Bernd , König Matthias , König Lisa , Kasimir-Bauer Sabine , Schlücker Sebastian
Published: June 2017

Speed is often a bottleneck in conventional Raman microscopy on biological specimens. In immuno-Raman microspectroscopy, or for short iSERS microscopy, the acquisition times per pixel have been reduced by more than one order of magnitude over the past decade since its proof of concept. Typically rather high laser power densities are employed with the intention of compensating for the shorter acquisition times, without checking the reproducibility of the results in repeated experiments on the same sample. Here, we systematically analyze this aspect at the single-cell level since it forms the basis of quantification and is very important for reinspection of the same specimen. Specifically, we investigate experimentally the role of the laser power density in conjunction with the acquisition times per pixel in a series of repeated iSERS experiments on the same single cell overexpressing the breast cancer tumor marker human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Confocal iSERS mapping experiments were guided by wide-field fluorescence microscopy for selecting the regions of interest. We demonstrate that the combination ofca.a 1–2 mW laser power (40× objective, NA 0.6), 50 ms acquisition time per pixel and a high EM-CCD signal gain yields highly reproducible iSERS images in a series of four repeated experiments on the same single cell. In contrast, longer acquisition times (0.8 s, no EM gain) and in particular higher laser power (4 mW up to 18 mW) densities lead to non-reproducible iSERS results due to signal degradation.
Reassessing SERS enhancement factors: using thermodynamics to drive substrate design
Authors: Guicheteau J. A. , Tripathi A. , Emmons E. D. , Christesen S. D. , Fountain Augustus W.
Published: June 2017

Over the past 40 years fundamental and application research into Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) has been explored by academia, industry, and government laboratories. To date however, SERS has achieved little commercial success as an analytical technique. Researchers are tackling a variety of paths to help break through the commercial barrier by addressing the reproducibility in both the SERS substrates and SERS signals as well as continuing to explore the underlying mechanisms. To this end, investigators use a variety of methodologies, typically studying strongly binding analytes such as aromatic thiols and azarenes, and report SERS enhancement factor calculations. However a drawback of the traditional SERS enhancement factor calculation is that it does not yield enough information to understand substrate reproducibility, application potential with another analyte, or the driving factors behind the molecule–metal interaction. Our work at the US Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center has focused on these questions and we have shown that thermodynamic principles play a key role in the SERS response and are an essential factor in future designs of substrates and applications. This work will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various experimental techniques used to report SERS enhancement with planar SERS substrates and present our alternative SERS enhancement value. We will report on three types of analysis scenarios that all yield different information concerning the effectiveness of the SERS substrate, practical application of the substrate, and finally the thermodynamic properties of the substrate. We believe that through this work a greater understanding for designing substrates will be achieved, one that is based on both thermodynamic and plasmonic properties as opposed to just plasmonic properties. This new understanding and potential change in substrate design will enable more applications for SERS based methodologies including targeting molecules that are traditionally not easily detected with SERS due to the perceived weak molecule–metal interaction of substrates.
Nano-mechanics of ionic liquids at dielectric and metallic interfaces
Authors: Garcia Léo , Jacquot Léa , Charlaix Elisabeth , Cross Benjamin
Published: June 2017

Using a dynamic surface force apparatus, we investigate the nano-mechanics and the nano-rheology of an ionic liquid at dielectric and metallic solid surfaces.
Correction: An intravascular bioartificial pancreas device (iBAP) with silicon nanopore membranes (SNM) for islet encapsulation under convective mass transport
Authors: Song Shang , Blaha Charles , Moses Willieford , Park Jaehyun , Wright Nathan , Groszek Joey , Fissell William , Vartanian Shant , Posselt Andrew M. , Roy Shuvo
Published: June 2017

Correction for ‘An intravascular bioartificial pancreas device (iBAP) with silicon nanopore membranes (SNM) for islet encapsulation under convective mass transport’ by Shang Song et al., Lab Chip, 2017, 17, 1778–1792.
From molecules to dollars: integrating molecular design into thermo-economic process design using consistent thermodynamic modeling
Authors: Schilling J. , Tillmanns D. , Lampe M. , Hopp M. , Gross J. , Bardow A.
Published: June 2017

Thermo-economically optimal design = optimal molecule + optimal process + optimal equipment.
Nanoplasmonically-engineered random lasing in organic semiconductor thin films
Authors: Heydari Esmaeil , Pastoriza-Santos Isabel , Liz-Marzán Luis M. , Stumpe Joachim
Published: June 2017

We demonstrate plasmonically nano-engineered coherent random lasing and stimulated emission enhancement in a hybrid gain medium of organic semiconductors doped with core–shell plasmonic nanoparticles.
Highly fluorescent nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots as a green, economical and facile sensor for the determination of sunitinib in real samples
Authors: Kashani H. Mahmood , Madrakian T. , Afkhami A.
Published: June 2017

The preparation of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs), by a simple and inexpensive synthetic procedure, is reported with blue emission and a high quantum yield of 78%.
Pd(NHC)PEPPSI-diazonium salts: an efficient blend for the decarboxylative Sonogashira cross coupling reaction
Authors: Bhojane Jeevan Manohar , Jadhav Vilas Gangadhar , Nagarkar Jayashree Milind
Published: June 2017

Pd(NHC) complexes catalyzed the synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical internal alkynes with a broad spectrum of substrates that includes aromatic and heteroaromatic diazonium salts.
DOX-UCNPs@mSiO2–TiO2 nanocomposites for near-infrared photocontrolled chemo/photodynamic therapy
Authors: Chen Yuhua , Tong Ruihan , An Na , Lin Huiming , Qu Fengyu
Published: June 2017

DOX-UCNPs@mSiO2–TiO2 nanocomposites were constructed to show enhanced specific cytotoxicity toward cancer cells due to the NIR-controlled chemo/photodynamic therapy.
Rational design of a tripartite-layered TiO2photoelectrode: a candidate for enhanced power conversion efficiency in dye sensitized solar cells
Authors: Khan Javid , Gu Jiuwang , He Shiman , Li Xiaohui , Ahmed Gulzar , Liu Zhongwu , Akhtar Muhammad Nadeem , Mai Wenjie , Wu Mingmei
Published: June 2017

A novel tri-layered photoelectrode has been developed for DSSCs, with a high photoconversion efficiency due to enhanced light scattering, light harvesting and dye absorption ability.
Scaling down contact length in complementary carbon nanotube field-effect transistors
Authors: Liu Lijun , Qiu Chenguang , Zhong Donglai , Si Jia , Zhang Zhiyong , Peng Lian-Mao
Published: June 2017

This paper presents a systematic exploration on source/drain contact length scaling in carbon nanotube complementary FETs based on transfer length method.
Enhanced photoelectrochemical water oxidation performance by altering the interfacial charge transfer path
Authors: Xu Dandan , Bu Qijing , Wang Dejun , Xie Tengfeng
Published: June 2017

The charge transfer between a semiconductor and cocatalyst is a crucial process for improving the water oxidation performance.
Co-delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic anticancer drugs using biocompatible pH-sensitive lipid-based nano-carriers for multidrug-resistant cancers
Authors: Naderinezhad Samira , Amoabediny Ghasem , Haghiralsadat Fateme
Published: June 2017

Simultaneous prolonged delivery of therapeutic gene, hydrophilic and hydrophobic anticancer drugs using biocompatible pH-sensitive LipoNiosome has been considered as a novel and promising method in order to treatment multi-drug resistant cancer.
Abnormal gas pressure sensitivity of the visible emission in ZnO quantum dots prepared by improved sol–gel method: the role of surface polarity
Authors: Ma Xiaoman , Ye Honggang , Duan Xiangyang , Li Chu , Li Gaoming , Xu Shijie
Published: June 2017

Polar surface induced band bending leads to the abnormal gas pressure sensitivity of visible emission in ZnO quantum dots.
Inverse-architecture perovskite solar cells with 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene as a hole conductor
Authors: Wang Chengxin , Hao Hao , Chen Shufen , Cao Kun , Yu Hongtao , Zhang Qin , Wan Guangjian , Shang Wenjuan , Huang Wei
Published: June 2017

Rubrene was applied into MAPbI3-based perovskite solar cells as a hole conductor and a high efficiency of 14.3% was achieved.
Mesoporous Ag@TiO2 nanofibers and their photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution
Authors: Shang Minghui , Hou Huilin , Gao Fengmei , Wang Lin , Yang Weiyou
Published: June 2017

We reported the exploration of Ag@TiO2 mesoporous nanofibers with significantly improved photocatalytic performance.
Liver uptake of cefditoren is mediated by OATP1B1 and OATP2B1 in humans and Oatp1a1, Oatp1a4, and Oatp1b2 in rats
Authors: Wang Hepeng , Sun Pengyuan , Wang Changyuan , Meng Qiang , Liu Zhihao , Huo Xiaokui , Sun Huijun , Ma Xiaodong , Peng Jinyong , Liu Kexin
Published: June 2017

OATPs and Oatps mediated liver uptake of cefditoren in humans and in rats.
Flower-like carbon with embedded silicon nano particles as an anode material for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Hui , Xu Hui , Jin Hong , Li Chao , Bai Yu , Lian Kun
Published: June 2017

A novel 3-dimensional (3D) flower-like silicon/carbon composite was synthesized through spray drying method by using NaCl as the sacrificial reagent and was evaluated as an anode material for lithium ion batteries.
A novel method for the clean synthesis of nano-sized cobalt based blue pigments
Authors: Mokhtari K. , Salem Sh.
Published: June 2017

The nano-sized modified composition can effectively improve chromatic performance to produce thenard's blue colour in decoration of ceramics.
Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging reveals chemical defense of Burkholderia seminalis against cacao pathogens
Authors: Araújo F. D. S. , Vieira R. L. , Molano E. P. L. , Máximo H. J. , Dalio R. J. D. , Vendramini P. H. , Araújo W. L. , Eberlin M. N.
Published: June 2017

DESI-MSI of metabolites identified inB. seminalis.
Internally plasticized PVC materials via covalent attachment of aminated tung oil methyl ester
Authors: Jia Puyou , Hu Lihong , Yang Xiaohui , Zhang Meng , Shang Qianqian , Zhou Yonghong
Published: June 2017

We developed an internal plasticizer of aminated tung oil methyl ester for the production of non-migration, phthalate-free flexible and internally plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) materials.
Ultrasonic-assisted modification of a novel silkworm-excrement-based porous carbon with various Lewis acid metal ions for the sustained release of the pesticide thiamethoxam
Authors: Wei Yannan , Wu Yuxiang , Chang Qing , Xie Meixuan , Wang Xinhui , Mo Jinwen , He Xuekun , Zhao Zhenxia , Zhao Zhongxing
Published: June 2017

Ultrasonic-assisted metal modification of a novel biocarbon for enhance the sustained release (∼40 days) of pesticide thiamethoxam.
A novel method to introduce acidic and basic bi-functional sites in graphitic carbon nitride for sustainable catalysis: cycloaddition, esterification, and transesterification reactions
Authors: Samanta Subhajyoti , Srivastava Rajendra
Published: June 2017

Highly efficient and recyclable bi-functional carbon nitride for sustainable catalysis in the synthesis of cyclic and di-alkyl carbonates, quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, and methyl oleate.
Liquid crystalline epoxy networks with exchangeable disulfide bonds
Authors: Li Yuzhan , Zhang Yuehong , Rios Orlando , Keum Jong K. , Kessler Michael R.
Published: June 2017

Reprocessable shape memory liquid crystalline epoxy networks were synthesized.
Aqueous self-assembly of hydrophobic macromolecules with adjustable rigidity of the backbone
Authors: Guan Zhou , Liu Dapeng , Lin Jiaping , Wang Xiaosong
Published: June 2017

Self-assembly of P(FpC3P) (Fp: CpFe(CO)2; C3P: propyl diphenyl phosphine) in DMSO/water (10/90 by volume) is caused by the hydrophobic hydration of the CO groups. The colloidal stability and kinetic morphologies of the assemblies depends on the rigidity of the backbone at various temperatures.
Structural and electrochemical studies of novel Na7V3Al(P2O7)4(PO4) and Na7V2Al2(P2O7)4(PO4) high-voltage cathode materials for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Kovrugin Vadim M. , Chotard Jean-Noël , Fauth François , Jamali Arash , David Rénald , Masquelier Christian
Published: June 2017

Operando XRD studies illustrate the reversible electrochemical process in the range of 2.7–4.2 V vs. Na+/Na for new Na7V4−xAlx(P2O7)4(PO4) (x = 1, 2) compositions with increasing of the capacity at higher voltage.
Drastically enhanced hydrogen evolution activity by 2D to 3D structural transition in anion-engineered molybdenum disulfide thin films for efficient Si-based water splitting photocathodes
Authors: Chang Kwon Ki , Choi Seokhoon , Lee Joohee , Hong Kootak , Sohn Woonbae , Andoshe Dinsefa Mensur , Choi Kyoung Soon , Kim Younghye , Han Seungwu , Kim Soo Young , Jang Ho Won
Published: June 2017

Efficient photoelectrochemical hydrogen production is demonstrated by sulphur-doped molybdenum phosphide/p-Si heterojunctions.
Synthesis, structure and photocatalytic activity of layered LaOInS2
Authors: Miura Akira , Oshima Takayoshi , Maeda Kazuhiko , Mizuguchi Yoshikazu , Moriyoshi Chikako , Kuroiwa Yoshihiro , Meng Yu , Wen Xiao-Dong , Nagao Masanori , Higuchi Mikio , Tadanaga Kiyoharu
Published: June 2017

A layered oxysulfide, LaOInS2, which exhibits photocatalytic activity under visible light, was synthesized by the reaction of LaOCl and NaInS2.
Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells
Authors: Muduli Saradaprasan , Lee Henry Hsin-Chung , Yang Jia-Sin , Chen Ting-Yeh , Higuchi Akon , Kumar S. Suresh , Alarfaj Abdullah A. , Munusamy Murugan A. , Benelli Giovanni , Murugan Kadarkarai , Liu Ching-Yuan , Chen Yi-Fan , Chang Yung , Moorthy Brintha , Wang Han-Chow , Hsu Shih-Tien , Ling Qing-Dong
Published: June 2017

The osteogenic differentiation of stem cells.
Micro/nano-imprinted substrates grafted with a thermoresponsive polymer for thermally modulated cell separation
Authors: Nagase Kenichi , Shukuwa Risa , Onuma Takahiro , Yamato Masayuki , Takeda Naoya , Okano Teruo
Published: June 2017

Thermoresponsive convex or concave substrates were developed as functional cell separation materials by the combination of thermal nano-imprinted lithography and subsequent surface-initiated ATRP of PIPAAm.
The role of oxygen in dramatically enhancing the electrical properties of solution-processed Zn–Sn–O thin-film transistors
Authors: Cho Soyeon , Yang Jong-Heon , Oh Jong Gyu , Cho Sung-Haeng , Hwang Chi-Sun , Jang Jaeyoung , Nam Sooji
Published: June 2017

Solution-processed and oxygen-annealed Zn–Sn–O TFTs were developed using tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate as the precursor, exhibiting excellent electrical performance.
A class of infinite-horizon stochastic delay optimal control problems and a viscosity solution to the associated HJB equation
Authors: Zhou Jianjun
Published: June 2017

In this paper, we investigate a class of infinite-horizon optimal control problems for stochastic differential equations with delays for which the associated second order Hamilton−Jacobi−Bellman (HJB) equation is a nonlinear partial differential equation with delays. We propose a new concept for the viscosity solution including timetand identify the value function of the optimal control problems as a unique viscosity solution to the associated second order HJB equation.
Une approche fondée sur les preuves des nouveaux concepts de traitements, orthodontiques et orthopédiques, pour les patients en cours de croissance. Un entretien avec James A. McNamara
Authors: McNamara James A. , Amat Philippe
Published: June 2017

James A. McNamara, diplômé de l’Université de Californie de Berkeley, a suivi ses études de dentisterie et d’orthodontie au sein de l’Université de Californie de San Francisco, et a obtenu un doctorat en anatomie à l’Université du Michigan. Il est titulaire actif de la chaire de professeur émérite Thomas M. and Doris Graber dans le département d’orthodontie et d’odontologie pédiatrique. Il est également professeur émérite de biologie cellulaire et du développement à la faculté de médecine de l’Université du Michigan, et professeur émérite chargé de recherche au Centre de la croissance et du développement humains. Il est l’auteur (avec l’artiste William L. Brudon) de Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, manuel très largement utilisé.