bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Problem Mapping Concept Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains
Authors: Bachtiar Rayendra Wahyu
Published: July 2017

Indikator pembelajaran bermakna adalah mahasiswa mampu memecahkan masalah dengan cara sendiri. Cara mahasiswa memecahkan masalah sangat dipengaruhi oleh keterampilan proses sains mahasiswa. Salah satu cara mengetahui bagaimana mahasiswa belajar memecahkan masalah adalah
dengan melihat bagaimana mahasiswa memetakan masalah, sehingga akan terlihat cara mahasiswa mengkonstruksi pengetahuannya untuk memecahkan masalah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi pembelajaran yang dapat mendesain dan melihat bagaimana mahasiswa bisa memecahkan masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran problem mapping concept (PMC) dan mengukur efektivitas model pembelajaran PMC terhadap keterampilan proses sains mahasiswa. Desain penelitian untuk pengembangan model pembelajaran PMC adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan Borg and Gall. Validasi isi dan konstruk kelayakan model pembelajaran PMC dilakukan olah ahli. Hasil validasi menunjukkan model pembelajaran PMC layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Dampak model pembelajaran PMC terhadap keterampilan proses sains
mahasiswa dilihat dengan membandingkan hasil pretes dan postes keterampilan proses sains. Uji-t berpasangan sisi atas digunakan untuk menganalisis pengaruh model belajar terhadap keterampilan proses sains. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran PMC secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains mahasiswa.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN IPA SMP BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI GETARAN DAN GELOMBANG
Authors: Kurniawan Heru Edi
Published: July 2017

Penelitian dan pengembangan ini bertujuan mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran IPA Fisika berbasis problem based learning untuk siswa SMP kelas VIII yang berkualitas dan mengetahui pencapaian hasil belajar siswa setelah mengikuti proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan mengacu pada model Borg & Gall yang dimodifikasi. Sampel pengembangan meliputi sampel validasi produk sejumlah 9 validator, sampel uji coba terbatas sejumlah 8 siswa, dan sampel uji coba diperluas sejumlah 31 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi silabus, RPP, penilaian kognitif berupa soal tes hasil belajar (pretest-posttest), psikomotorik, afektif, lembar observasi sekolah, keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, karakteristik siswa, dan angket respon siswa. Uji coba diperluas dengan one group pretest-posttest design. Data hasil belajar kognitif dianalisis dengan uji t dua sampel berpasangan dengan menggunakan program SPSS Statistik 18, sedangkan data hasil belajar psikomotorik dan afektif siswa dianalisis dengan melihat rata-rata pencapaian setiap aspek penilaian. Penelitian dan pengembangan yang telah dilaksanakan memberikan kesimpulan: (1) pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran IPA Fisika SMP berbasis problem based learning terintegrasi pendidikan karakter dapat dilakukan menggunakan metode Research and Development oleh Borg & Gall yang dimodifikasi dengan membatasi langkah penelitian yang dapat menghasilkan suatu produk yang divalidasi dan diuji coba, (2) kualitas produk perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan mendapatkan nilai dengan kategori sangat baik sehingga layak digunakan, dan (3) pencapaian hasil belajar kognitif siswa setelah mengikuti proses pembelajaran mengalami peningkatan, aspek indikator psikomotor yang tinggi adalah mengecek alat bahan di laboratorium dan membawa perlengkapan belajar.
Analisis Hasil Filtering Karous-Hjelt Berdasarkan Beda Spasi Dalam Penggambaran Struktur Bawah Permukaan Tanah
Authors: Maulidina Miftakhul
Published: July 2017

Struktur penyusun tanah di setiap wilayah dapat digambarkan melalui pemodelan berdasarkan nilai resistivitas material penyusunnya. Tujuan penelitian ini membuat penggambaran struktur bawah permukaan tanah melalui filtering Karous-Hjelt dengan variasi spasi. Adapun spasi dalam pengambilan data di lapangan adalah spasi 1 meter dan spasi 0,5 meter pada masing-masing line. Penelitian ini sekaligus melengkapi hasil penelitian sebelumnya tentang penentuan struktur bawah permukaan tanah di sekitar Candi Gambar Wetan (Maulidina, 2015). Data yang dimasukkan merupakan data hasil pengukuran Very Low Frequency Electromagnetic di area Candi Gambar Wetan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pengolahan data menggunakan filtering Karous-Hjelt untuk penggambaran struktur bawah permukaan tanah pada kedalaman 0 – 6 meter untuk dua jenis data berdasarkan variasi spasi. Hasil pengolahan menunjukkan penggambaran struktur bawah permukaan tanah spasi 0,5 m memiliki rentang nilai resistivitas yang lebih mendetail dibandingkan spasi 1 m. Hasil ini dapat menambah informasi dan bisa digunakan sebagai acuan dalam penelitian berikutnya.
KONSTRUKSI TES KEBAHASAAN UAS SD DI KABUPATEN MADIUN
Authors: Samsiyah Nur , Sari Apri Kartika , Emilia Chrisna
Published: July 2017

Language learning is aimed to achieve proficiency properly. To achieve objectives of language learning cannot be separated from aspects of grammar. One way to achieve the grammatical aspect is by using a test. The purpose of language test is ability and skill in language not knowledge about language. Range of aspects are measured based on the types of tests used in the test questions at the end of the learning/ formative. This research aimed to determine language aspects tested at the end of each semester. This study used a qualitative approach and data sources in the form of the exam end of semester 1 and 2 grade 1 to grade 6. Techniques of data collection is done by collecting data source in the field and read the data source. Data analysis phase consists of three stages: data reduction, classification, presentation of data and drawing conclusions. The results showed there were aspects of language such as phonology, morphology aspect which consists of free and bound morpheme, the process of reduplication or repetition, syntactic aspects that form phrases and sentences as well as aspects such as semantic meaning.

 

 
PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK PADA MATERI PENJUMLAHAN DAN PENGURANGAN BILANGAN BULAT BAGI SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Kurniawati Rissa Prima
Published: July 2017

Mathematics has characteristic in good abstract object. That cause students have difficulty in understanding of mathematics. Therefore, the real-life experiences of children in the classroom are important for learning and students will understand the material quickly. This study is aimed to describe the activities of students during the learning process that takes place in the material realistic arithmetic addition and subtraction and describe the learning completeness students after being taught with realistic learning the material arithmetic addition and subtraction of integers. This type of research used in this research is qualitative research. Subjects in this study were students of class IV SDN Jenangan, Kwadungan, Ngawi.Based on this research, student activities relevant to teaching (teaching and learning) of 98.83% classified in the category very well. While the student activity which is not relevant to the teaching of 10.15%. Completeness students in realistic mathematics learning on the material arithmetic operations of addition and subtraction of integers for fourth grade students of SDN Jenangan, Kwadungan, Ngawi gained mastery learning students individually sebannyak 12 students from the number of students as many as 15 students altogether, which is not completed individually as 3 students. While the classical completeness, acquired 80% of students who completed study.

 

 
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NHT DENGAN PENDEKATAN KONTEKSTUAL PADA PEMBELAJARAN BANGUN RUANG SISI DATAR
Authors: Pradana Lingga Nico
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of learning models to student achievement. Learning models compared between NHT-CTL, NHT and direct instruction. Method of research used quasi experimental with the factorial design of 3x1. Population of this research was all students class VIII in SMP Negeri at Madiun City. The sampling technique using a stratified cluster random sampling. Samples in this research were 266 students with 91 students as experimental class I, 88 students as experimental class II and 87 students as control class. Data collection methods used documentation and test.Hypothesis testing was performed using one-way analysis of variance with unequal cells. Based on the results of hypothesis testwere concluded that NHT-CTL learning model gave better achievement than NHT learning model and direct instruction, while NHT learning model and direct instruction gave the same achievement. 
DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL SKILL SCALE FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD
Authors: Budyartati Sri
Published: July 2017

Many social skills may be learned implicitly, all children can benefit from being taught social skills explicitly, not only children who are developmentally lagging behind their peers. Social skills are not always learned easily. Some children may require repeated instruction and reinforcement of learning. It is also possible for children to have well -developed social skills in one area but not in another. The primary objective of the Social Skill Scale (SSS) is to describe the child's behavior for purposes of socialization and education, rather than diagnosis. It focuses on the child's adaptation to and functioning within his or her environment which is particularly relevant to teachers. The SSS helps teachers design classroom interventions that address both the child's strengths and weaknesses. It includes 115 items that can be completed in just 15 minutes by Early Childhood, a preschool, or Kindergarten teacher. These items cover Three basic scales and ten components or summary scales

 
IMPLEMENTATION OF INDONESIAN LEARNING STORY SKILL OF CARTOON PUPPET MEDIA OF STUDENT OF GRADE IV OF STATE PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: Rulviana Vivi
Published: July 2017

 

The objective of this research is to investigate the planning and implementation telling skill the use of cartoon puppet media of the student in Grade IV of State Primary School of Tladan 2, Kawedanan, Magetan.This research used the qualitative research method. The source of this research were Principal, Class Teacher of Grade IV, and the students in Grade IV by using interview, and observation. They were analyzed by using the interactive model of analysis comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing of verification.The results of research are as follows: 1) the planning of telling by teacher with preparing the annual program, the semester program, the details of effective weeks, the journal of teaching, lesson plan, syllabus development and the development of assessment systems, 2) Implementation of the learning skills of telling is packed with a variety of methods and media puppet cartoon. Teachers began teaching with fun activities for the creation of learning readiness, motivation and interest in learning in students. Teachers utilized cartoon puppet media in learning storytelling in the fourth grade to get a great result for students for example: interested in learning, motivation, self-confidence and have the ability to tell a coherent accordance with the storyline.

 
PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATA KULIAH KOMPUTER DAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PRODI PGSD IKIP PGRI MADIUN
Authors: Anggrasari Liya Atika
Published: July 2017

 

Research and development is intended to produce multimedia learning course on Computer and Media Education for students of primary school teaching as a viable learning medium. The research was conducted with the adaptation of the model development research Borg & Gall. These stages are the preliminary study stage include library research and field study. Product development phase include planning, design learning, producing multimedia and expert validation. Pilot phase trial products include a one-one, small group and large group. Subject trial Prodi PGSD fourth semester student. Data were collected through questionnaires and observations, the results were analyzed by quantitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that: (1) multimedia learning has been generated through five stages of development; (2) the feasibility aspects of learning, content, appearance and technical learning multimedia product is included in both categories with a score of 4.08 in a row; 4.32; 4.00; and 4.07; and (3) learning multimedia product can improve the effectiveness of learning computer courses and learning media. These results make it worth the learning multimedia learning courses as a source of Computer and Media Education for Teachers' Training College students Prodi PGSD PGRI Madiun.
LESSON STUDY PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS POTENSI LOKAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL GURU SD DI KABUPATEN KEBUMEN
Authors: Rokhmaniyah Rokhmaniyah , Surandari Kartika Christy
Published: July 2017

This study aims to: (1) apply lesson study in the development of learning materials based on local potential to improve the professional competence of primary school teachers in Kebumen in 2016; (2) produce learning materials based on local potential through lesson study as an effort to improve the professional competence of elementary school teachers in Kebumen in 2016. This study overall approach development (Research and Development / R & D). These research subjects were elementary school teachers in Kebumen numbered 50 people. Selection of study subjects according to the school characteristics, was by observing the accreditation status of the school and teacher status. The collection of data  were through (1) Focus Group Discussion (FGD). (2) observation, (3) test, (4) study the documentation, (5) interview, (6) checklish behavior, and (7) video. It can be concluded: (1) Lesson study based on learning materials development of local potential improve the professional competence of elementary school teachers in Kebumen 2015. (2) Lesson study can produce learning materials based on local potential quality. Improving the quality of the results of the implementation of lesson study the development of learning materials based on local potential to improve the professional competence of elementary school teachers in Kebumen 2015 reached 90%.
Keywords: professional competence, lesson study, the local potential.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KOORDINASI MATA TANGAN, POWER OTOT LENGAN DAN KEKUATAN OTOT PERUT DENGAN KEMAMPUAN PUKULAN SMASH DALAM PERMAINAN BULUTANGKIS
Authors: Lisdiantoro Ghon
Published: July 2017

This study has a purpose to determine the relationship between each variable. This study used descriptive correlational study. The study population was students of IKIP PGRI MADIUN in total 60 students. The research sample was 30 male students with techniques purposive sampling. This research resulted in the following conclusions: (1) there is a significant correlation between hand-eye coordination with the ability to smash, the correlation coefficient of 0.550. With N = 30, 5% value rtabel 0463. Turns rhitung = 0.550> 5% rtabel 0463. (2) there is a significant correlation between muscle power arm with the ability to smash, the correlation coefficient of 0.651. With N = 30, 5% value rtabel 0463. Turns r hitung = 0651> r tabel 5% 0463 (3) there is a significant correlation between the strength of the abdominal muscles with the ability to smash, the correlation coefficient of 0.549. With N = 30, 5% value r tabel 0463. Turns r hitung = 0549> 5% r tabel 0463. (4) there is a significant correlation between hand-eye coordination, power arm muscles and abdominal muscle strength with the ability to smash, Retrieved of 12,581 correlation coefficient, with F table db = 3 opponents 26 with a significance level of 5% = 4.64 turns F regresi price = 12.581 > prices F tabel 5% = 4.64.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) Untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Marasiwi Marasiwi
Published: July 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika yang rendah siswa kelas V Semester Genap Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017 di SDN Sukolilo 01 Kecamatan Jiwan Kabupaten Madiun dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT). Penelitian ini berjenis PTK yang dilaksanakan melalui 4 tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi dan dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDN Sukolilo 01 Kecamatan Jiwan Kabupaten Madiun Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 dengan subjek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas V Semester Genap Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017 di SDN Sukolilo 01 Kecamatan Jiwan Kabupaten Madiun. Siswa kelas V berjumlah 22 anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas V SDN Sukolilo 01 Kecamatan Jiwan Kabupaten Madiun Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Audio Visual Tokoh-Tokoh Kemerdekaan Indonesia
Authors: Salamah Evi Rizqi
Published: July 2017

Penelitian pengembangan media berbasis audio visual ini dilatarbelakangi terdapatnya hasil belajar siswa yang rendah tentang tokoh-tokoh kemerdekaan Indonesia. Oleh karena itu tujuan dari penelitian dan pengembangan media berbasis audio visual ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar tentang tokoh-tokoh kemerdekaan. desain penelitian dan pengembangan media berbasis audio visual menggunakan model brog and gall yang diadaptasi dari dick and carey. Hasil penelitian dan pengembangan media menunjukkan bahwa skor hasil belajar siswa meningkat sesudah menggunakan media berbasis audio visual, hasil pretest kelompok eksperimen adalah 50.45 dan hasil posttest 85.75. Sedangkan hasil pretest kelompok kontrol adalah 58.45 dan posttest adalah 90.35.  Dari penelitian pengembangan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa media berbasis audio visual dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
DISEÑO DE UN MODELO DE GESTIÓN POR PROCESOS: CARRERA DE ADMINISTRACIÓN DE EMPRESAS- ESPAM MFL
Authors: Márquez Bravo Yessenia Johana , Valarezo Beltrón Carlos Oswaldo , Saltos Solórzano Julio Vinicio , Palacios Zurita Wladimir Alexander
Published: July 2017

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo diseñar un modelo de gestión por procesos para la carrera Administración de Empresas de la ESPAM MFL, que contribuya al perfeccionamiento de los procesos agregadores de valor en la formación profesional de los estudiantes. Este modelo de gestión por procesos busca la mejora administrativa y operativa por lo cual se formularon indicadores para cada subproceso para medir su eficiencia y eficacia y que generen la toma adecuada de decisiones en la carrera de Administración de Empresas. Palabras Claves: Procesos, mapa de procesos, diagramas de flujo, indicadores. ABSTRACTThis study aimed to design a process management model for the Business Management career in ESPAM MFL, which contributes to improve the value adding processes in the professional training of students. This model of process management seeks administrative and operational improvement indicators for which each thread is made to measure efficiency and effectiveness and generate decisions in the career of Business Administration. Keywords: Processes, process map, flowchart, indicators.
LA FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL DEL CONTADOR Y SU APORTE EN EL DESARROLLO DE LA GESTIÓN EMPRESARIAL EN LAS ENTIDADES DE LA PROVINCIA DE SANTA ELENA
Authors: Pico Gutiérrez Eduardo , Loor María Carmen
Published: July 2017

El objetivo fundamental del estudio es socializar el aporte de la formación profesional del contador a través de una investigación de campo que contribuya al desarrollo de la gestión empresarial en las organizaciones la provincia de Santa Elena, cuyo crecimiento intelectual de la población se multiplicó con la apertura del alma mater peninsular, se incrementaron los emprendimientos empresariales y se fortalecieron muchas organizaciones con los nuevos profesionales incorporados en la Universidad, el ámbito de acción de los contadores se expandió por la efectiva decisión del gobierno de recaudar mejor los impuestos y crear en la gente la cultura tributaria, que fomenta una concientización sostenible de la sociedad, consecuentemente tanto las personas naturales como los empresarios que tienen diversidad de negocios requieren de los servicios profesionales de los contadores para hacer sus declaraciones, llevar registros contables organizados, elaborar presupuestos, entre otras actividades que empresas públicas y privadas, así como también profesionales de otras especialidades requieren los servicios de los contadores y su aporte se torna más significativo y pertinente para la comunidad peninsular.Palabras Clave: Formación profesional, gestión empresarial, impuestos, emprendimientos, declaraciones.  ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study is to socialize the contribution of vocational training of an accountant through field research that contributes to the development of business management in the organizations in the province of Santa Elena, whose intellectual growth of the population was multiplied with the opening of the university in Santa Elena.  Entrepreneurship increased and many organizations with new professionals graduated in the university. The scope of accountants expanded due to the effective decision of the government to collect taxes better and create a tax  culture, which promotes sustainable awareness of society;  consequently, both natural persons and entrepreneurs who have diverse businesses require services of professional accountants to make tax declarations, perform organized accounting records, elaborate budgets, among other activities that public and private companies as well as professionals from other specialties need and their contribution becomes more meaningful and relevant to the community.Keywords: Professional Education, bussines managment, taxes, enterprises, tax declarations.
MODELO PEDAGÓGICO DE EDUCACIÓN FAMILIAR PARA PADRES DE ESCOLARES CON DISCAPACIDAD FÍSICO-MOTORA
Authors: Bert Valdespino Juana Emilia , Urías Arbolaez Graciela De la Caridad , Pino Torrens Ricardo Enrique , Molerio Rosa. Liliana
Published: July 2017

La familia debe constituir el primer contexto de inclusión socioeducativa, que todo niño necesita para crecer feliz. Los cambios que provoca la discapacidad físico-motriz al interior de la familia genera necesidades emocionales. El presente artículo presenta resultados de una investigación que se desarrolló en el ámbito de la Educación Especial cubana, la que tiene como línea base la Atención Educativa Integral e Inclusiva de los escolares, adolescentes y jóvenes con discapacidad físico-motriz, con el concurso y la participación activa de la familia en unidad con la escuela y la comunidad. El objetivo que se pretende con el siguiente artículo es presentar un Modelo Pedagógico de Educación Familiar mediante la Orientación Psicopedagógica, para el logro de Padres Potenciadores del desarrollo integral de sus hijos con discapacidad físico-motriz.Palabras claves: educación familiar, modelo pedagógico, desarrollo automotriz ABSTRACTThe family should be the first context of socio-educational inclusion, which every child needs to grow up happy. The changes caused by the physical-motor disability within the family generate emotional needs. This article presents the results of an investigation carried out in the area of Cuban Special Education, which has as its base line the Integral and Inclusive Educational Care of schoolchildren, adolescents and young people with physical and motor disabilities, with the contest and the Active participation of the family in unity with the school and the community. The objective of the next article is to present a Pedagogical Model of Family Education through the Psychopedagogical Orientation, for the achievement of Foster Parents of the integral development of their children with physical and motor disabilities.Keywords: family education, pedagogical model, automotive development
Contralateral C-7 transfer: is direct repair really superior to grafting?
Authors: Bhatia Anil , Doshi Piyush , Koul Ashok , Shah Vitrag , Brown Justin M. , Salama Mahmoud
Published: July 2017

It is not uncommon for a severe traumatic brachial plexus injury to involve all 5 roots, resulting in a flail upper limb. In such cases, surgical reconstruction is often palliative, providing only rudimentary function. Nerve transfers are the mainstay of reconstructive strategies due to the predominance of root avulsions. Consistent results are obtained only for restoration of shoulder stability and elbow flexion, whereas restoring useful hand function remains a challenge. The transfer of the contralateral C-7 (cC-7) is commonly used in an attempt to restore basic hand function, but results are notoriously unreliable and inconsistent. Shu-feng Wang and colleagues recently proposed a potentially more successful permutation of this procedure. They advocated direct approximation of the cC-7 to the lower trunk on the paralyzed side, thus avoiding the interposition of nerve grafts. This technique involves a lengthy dissection of the cC-7 transfer across the midline via a prespinal route, as well as extensive mobilization of the ipsilateral lower trunk by cutting a subset of its branches, adducting the arm, and (if necessary) shortening the humerus. Each of these steps is indispensable to achieve direct approximation of the nerve ends. Many surgeons have tried to emulate Wang’s strategy. However, the technical difficulties involved have forced recourse to interposition of nerve grafts once again.

The authors report their observations in the first 22 patients in whom they performed this procedure. Direct cC-7 repair via the prespinal route was performed in 12 patients. Shortening of the humerus was necessary in 9 of these 12 patients. In 10 patients, a direct repair was not feasible and nerve grafting was performed. The median follow-up period was 26 months for the direct coaptation group and 28.5 months for the nerve graft group.

In the direct repair group, 10 of the 12 patients regained Medical Research Council Grade 3 flexion of the wrist and of the middle, ring, and little fingers, while the remaining 2 patients had Grade 2 function. Flexion appeared 12–14 months after the operation. At the latest follow-up, these patients could activate the wrist and hand without requiring significant augmentation maneuvers in the donor limb. In contrast, repair requiring interposition grafts resulted in Grade 3 strength in only 2 of 10 patients, while 7 had Grade 2 strength, and 1 experienced failure. In all grafted cases, the patient had to forcibly contract the contralateral pectoralis major and triceps muscles to produce the weak movements on the reconstructed side.

In this small series, the authors demonstrated a distinct advantage associated with the avoidance of grafts when transferring the cC-7 to restore hand function. The authors conclude that efforts to achieve direct approximation of the donor C-7 and the recipient lower trunk are necessary and justified.
The paramedian supracerebellar-transtentorial approach to remove a posterior fusiform gyrus arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Harput Mehmet Volkan , Türe Uğur
Published: July 2017

This is the case of a 14-year-old female who presented with headache and seizures. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) located at the posterior portion of the right-sided fusiform gyrus. Cerebral angiography showed that the AVM was fed mainly by branches from the inferior temporal trunk of the posterior cerebral artery. The main venous drainage was to the right transverse sinus through the tentorial vein. The AVM was totally excised through the paramedian supracerebellar-transtentorial approach with the patient in a semisitting position. Postoperative MRI and cerebral angiography confirmed the total resection. The patient was discharged on the 5th postoperative day without neurological deficit.

The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/QPrUl8AP7G8.
Navigation-guided transsylvian approach and microsurgical resection of a deep left temporal low-grade arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Couldwell William T.
Published: July 2017

This video demonstrates stereotactic-guided resection of a ruptured diffuse left temporal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in an adolescent male who presented with headache and speech difficulties. The diffuse nidus of the AVM, 25 mm in size, was located in the posterior superior temporal gyrus, with drainage into the sylvian veins (Spetzler-Martin Grade II). The AVM was located stereotactically, and resection was performed through a small corticectomy. The clot cavity was evacuated. Feeding branches to the AVM were identified during careful dissection, and parent M1 and M2 branches were preserved. The patient recovered well, with no residual speech deficit. Postoperative angiogram demonstrated complete AVM removal.

The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/Sttc86H8jCw.
Utility of indocyanine green videoangiography in subcortical arteriovenous malformation resection
Authors: Rustemi Oriela , Scienza Renato , Della Puppa Alessandro
Published: July 2017

Subcortical arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are surgically challenging. Localization is crucial for eloquent areas, and complete resection evaluation is uncertain. Indocyanine green videoangiography (ICG-VA) can assist this surgery. An illustrative video of a subcortical frontoparietal bleeding AVM resection assisted by ICG-VA is presented. A bleeding arterial feeder aneurysm was embolized in the acute phase to protect against rebleeding. ICG-VA helped to detect the AVM’s superficial arterialized draining vein, distinguishing it from normal cortical veins. This enabled a customized sulcus approach. ICG-VA showed normalized flow through the previously arterialized vein, confirming the AVM’s complete resection. This applies when there is a single drainage remaining.

The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/L7yJEE66kV0.
An MIF Promoter Polymorphism Is Associated with Susceptibility to Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Bossini-Castillo Lara , Campillo-Davó Diana , López-Isac Elena , Carmona Francisco David , Simeon Carmen P. , Carreira Patricia , Callejas-Rubio José Luis , Castellví Iván , Fernández-Nebro Antonio , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Luis , Rubio-Rivas Manel , García-Hernández Francisco J. , Madroñero Ana Belén , Beretta Lorenzo , Santaniello Alessandro , Lunardi Claudio , Airó Paolo , Hoffmann-Vold Anna-Maria , Kreuter Alexander , Riemekasten Gabriela , Witte Torsten , Hunzelmann Nicolas , Vonk Madelon C. , Voskuyl Alexandre E. , de Vries-Bouwstra J. , Shiels Paul , Herrick Ariane , Worthington Jane , Radstake Timothy R.D.J. , Martin Javier ,   The Spanish Scleroderma Group
Published: July 2017

Objective.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a fibrotic immune-mediated disease of unknown etiology. Among its clinical manifestations, pulmonary involvement is the leading cause of mortality in patients with SSc. However, the genetic factors involved in lung complication are not well defined. We aimed to review the association of the MIF gene, which encodes a cytokine implicated in idiopathic pulmonary hypertension among other diseases, with the susceptibility and clinical expression of SSc, in addition to testing the association of this polymorphism with SSc-related pulmonary involvement.

Methods.

A total of 4392 patients with SSc and 16,591 unaffected controls from 6 cohorts of European origin were genotyped for the MIF promoter variant rs755622. An inverse variance method was used to metaanalyze the data.

Results.

A statistically significant increase of the MIF rs755622*C allele frequency compared with controls was observed in the subgroups of patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) and with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) independently (dcSSc: p = 3.20E–2, OR 1.13; PAH: p = 2.19E–02, OR 1.32). However, our data revealed a stronger effect size with the subset of patients with SSc showing both clinical manifestations (dcSSc with PAH: p = 6.91E–3, OR 2.05).

Conclusion.

We reviewed the association of the MIF rs755622*C allele with SSc and described a phenotype-specific association of this variant with the susceptibility to develop PAH in patients with dcSSc.
Leukotriene C4 Potentiates IL-33–Induced Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Activation and Lung Inflammation
Authors: Lund Sean J. , Portillo Alex , Cavagnero Kellen , Baum Rachel E. , Naji Luay H. , Badrani Jana H. , Mehta Amit , Croft Michael , Broide David H. , Doherty Taylor A.
Published: July 2017

Asthma is a complex disease that is promoted by dysregulated immunity and the presence of many cytokine and lipid mediators. Despite this, there is a paucity of data demonstrating the combined effects of multiple mediators in asthma pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have recently been shown to play important roles in the initiation of allergic inflammation; however, it is unclear whether lipid mediators, such as cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), which are present in asthma, could further amplify the effects of IL-33 on ILC2 activation and lung inflammation. In this article, we show that airway challenges with the parent CysLT, leukotriene C4 (LTC4), given in combination with low-dose IL-33 to naive wild-type mice, led to synergistic increases in airway Th2 cytokines, eosinophilia, and peribronchial inflammation compared with IL-33 alone. Further, the numbers of proliferating and cytokine-producing lung ILC2s were increased after challenge with both LTC4 and IL-33. Levels of CysLT1R, CysLT2R, and candidate leukotriene E4 receptor P2Y12 mRNAs were increased in ILC2s. The synergistic effect of LTC4 with IL-33 was completely dependent upon CysLT1R, because CysLT1R−/− mice, but not CysLT2R−/− mice, had abrogated responses. Further, CysLTs directly potentiated IL-5 and IL-13 production from purified ILC2s stimulated with IL-33 and resulted in NFAT1 nuclear translocation. Finally, CysLT1R−/− mice had reduced lung eosinophils and ILC2 responses after exposure to the fungal allergen Alternaria alternata. Thus, CysLT1R promotes LTC4- and Alternaria-induced ILC2 activation and lung inflammation. These findings suggest that multiple pathways likely exist in asthma to activate ILC2s and propagate inflammatory responses.
Regulation of Th17 Differentiation by IKKα-Dependent and -Independent Phosphorylation of RORγt
Authors: He Zhiheng , Wang Fei , Zhang Jing , Sen Subha , Pang Qihua , Luo Shengwei , Gwack Yousang , Sun Zuoming
Published: July 2017

Transcription factor retinoid acid–related orphan receptor (ROR)γt transcriptionally regulates the genes required for differentiation of Th17 cells that mediate both protective and pathogenic immunity. However, little is known about the function of posttranslational modifications in the regulation of RORγt activity. Mass spectrometric analysis of immunoprecipitated RORγt from Th17 cells identified multiple phosphorylation sites. Systematic mutation analysis of the identified phosphorylation sites found that phosphorylation of S376 enhances whereas phosphorylation of S484 inhibits Th17 differentiation. IκB kinase (IKK)α binds and phosphorylates RORγt at S376 but not S484. Knockdown of IKKα, dominant-negative IKKα, and RORγt mutants incapable of interacting with IKKα all decrease Th17 differentiation. Furthermore, nonphosophorylatable RORγt mutant (S376A) impairs whereas phosphomimetic mutant (S376E) stimulates Th17 differentiation independent of IKKα. Therefore, IKKα-dependent phosphorylation of S376 stimulated whereas IKKα-independent phosphorylation of S484 inhibited RORγt function in Th17 differentiation.
Social media adoption among lecturers at a traditional university in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
Authors: Murire Obrain T. , Cilliers Liezel
Published: July 2017

Background: There is shortage of critical skills in the South African economy. One of the reasons for this shortage is that many students at traditional universities are not completing their degree within the prescribed time frame. The massification of education at traditional universities compounds this problem as there is a decrease in the interaction between lecturers and students. Information and communication technologies, and specifically social media, have been identified as a possible solution to aid traditional universities to improve their throughput rate. Social media has become an essential tool to increase student–lecturer interaction, collaboration and communication in academic setting.Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine social media adoption among lecturers at a traditional university in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.Method: The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) framework was used as the theoretical foundation of the questionnaire that was distributed to 300 full-time staff members. A response rate of 39% was attained. Factor analysis was used to test the relationship between variables.Contribution: The study’s contribution is to the theoretical body of knowledge that affirms that the UTAUT framework is an appropriate tool to use to test adoption of social media at traditional universities.Conclusion: The findings indicated that academics are conversant with emerging technologies and could incorporate these technologies into academic settings with an aim to increase communication and interaction among lecturers and learners. The results revealed that performance expectancy, social influence, effort expectancy and behavioural intention have a positive influence on social media adoption and continued use by academics in teaching and learning at traditional university. The facilitating condition scale was not statistically significant, but must be considered by management in order to improve the adoption of social media among lecturers.
Socio-Historical Study on the Rise and Growth of Pentecostal Churches
Authors: Chua Liza L. , Mirafuentes Jhon Kevin A. , Etcuban Jonathan O.
Published: July 2017

Christianity is one of the greatest institutions ever founded in the human race. It is a divine institution that was founded by Jesus Christ to carry out His mission in the world laying the foundation of love and salvation as a free gift to everyone. The Christian church history insulated into different periods that are separated by great events. The study focused on the historical beginnings, the rise and growth of Pentecostal Churches and contributing factors which led to its establishments, spread and expansion. It was mainly anchored on Mc Gavran’s theory on Church growth and Christian mission which discussed about the three main varieties of church growth namely: biological, transfer, and conversion growths. It utilized Qualitative and Quantitative procedures using Historical Approach. The study found out that upon the birth of Pentecostal Churches, they hold distinctive teachings yet they have some slight differences in the structure of leadership. Though they have almost the same practices of Christianity, what matters most is they follow the teachings of the Bible in a different dynamic ways.
ANÁLISE DO EFEITO DE TAMANHO EM ESTRUTURAS DE CONCRETO VIA MODELOS DE DANO NÃO LOCAL
Authors: Souza Pedro Lúcio Ferreira Brasil de , Penna Samuel Silva , Pitangueira Roque Luiz da Silva , Peixoto Rodrigo Guerra
Published: July 2017

Modelos constitutivos baseados em dano ortotrópico são amplamente utilizados para simular o comportamento fisicamente não linear de estruturas de concreto. Contudo, a ocorrência do fenômeno de localização de deformações numericamente induzida pode conduzir a análise a resultados não representativos. Tais fenômenos, surgem devido à dependência de malha inerente à modelos numéricos e podem ser tratados a partir de mecanismos de regularização como os modelos não locais. Nestes modelos, o cálculo de uma grandeza pré-determinada passa a depender também de sua vizinhança, assim, problemas numéricos associados a um ponto em específico, são atenuados, ou até eliminados, ao se considerar o domínio de influência. Neste trabalho, um modelo de dano ortotrópico não local será utilizado para a modelagem de um problema de flexão em três pontos com efeito de tamanho. No modelo adotado a variável histórica será tratada como o parâmetro não local, pois apresenta caráter crescente ao longo de toda a análise. Por fim, os resultados obtidos com a modelagem não local serão confrontados com resultados experimentais sendo avaliado também o desempenho do modelo para leis de dano lineares, polinomiais e exponenciais.
DETERMINACIÓN DE PARÁMETROS DE DISEÑO SÍSMICO PARA MARCOS DÚCTILES DE CONCRETO REFORZADO CON DISIPADORES DE ENERGÍA HISTERÉTICOS
Authors: Colunga Arturo Tena
Published: July 2017

Se presentan resultados de un estudio paramétrico dedicado a evaluar, mediante análisis estáticos no lineales (pushover), parámetros globales de diseño que puedan insertarse transparentemente en los reglamentos de diseño sísmico vigentes de México para marcos de concreto reforzado dúctiles con dispositivos de disipación de energía por histéresis montados en contraventeo chevrón. Se estudiaron las siguientes variables o parámetros: número de niveles del marco, ángulo de inclinación de los contravientos con respecto al eje horizontal, contraste de rigidez entre el marco y el sistema contraviento-disipador, relaciones de rigidez elástica entre el contraviento y el disipador, y la pendiente posterior a la fluencia de los disipadores de energía. De los resultados obtenidos en el estudio se definen balances “óptimos” de rigidez que lideran a obtener mecanismos últimos satisfactorios donde los disipadores por histéresis fluyen primero y desarrollan su máxima ductilidad por desplazamiento, mientras que en los marcos se obtiene respuesta elástica o solamente se desarrollan fluencias incipientes en los extremos de las vigas.
Modelos de concepção para estruturas de concreto armado com comportamento não linear obtidos pelo método de bielas e tirantes e otimização topológica
Authors: Guerra Marcela Bruna Braga França , Greco Marcelo
Published: July 2017

O modelo de bielas e tirantes é adotado no presente artigo para o dimensionamento de alguns elementos em concreto armado e para regiões em que são observadas modificações geométricas e concentrações de tensões, chamadas regiões “D”. Este modelo permite uma melhor representação do comportamento estrutural e mecanismos de resistência nas estruturas de concreto. No entanto, a escolha do modelo topológico depende da experiência do projetista em compatibilizar o fluxo interno de esforços e a geometria do contorno em relação às condições iniciais a que está sujeito o elemento estrutural. Com isso, há certa dificuldade em se aplicar o método, já que a concepção do modelo apresenta incertezas. Neste contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo a aplicação do modelo de bielas e tirantes para elementos estruturais não lineares, juntamente com métodos avançados de otimização topológica. O método de otimização topológica adotado considera a redução da rigidez progressiva de elementos finitos com valores baixos de tensões. As análises realizadas poderão proporcionar ao projetista estrutural melhor entendimento de processos de concepções estruturais, garantindo a segurança e a confiabilidade na resolução de problemas complexos envolvendo o concreto estrutural.
Occurrence of Bronchial Anthracofibrosis in Respiratory Symptomatics with Exposure to Biomass Fuel Smoke
Authors: Pilaniya Vikas , Kunal Shekhar , Shah Ashok
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Bronchial anthracofibrosis (BAF), confirmed bronchoscopically, is characterised by bluish-black mucosal pigmentation and distortion/narrowing of the bronchus. We investigated the occurrence of BAF in respiratory symptomatics with biomass fuel smoke exposure and evaluated its clinico-radiological attributes and impact on functional status. Material and methods: Of the eighty subjects evaluated, 60 consented for fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB). All 60 subjects also underwent chest radiography, high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the thorax, spirometry with reversibility testing and six-minute-walk test. Information regarding cardinal respiratory symptoms and duration of biomass fuel smoke exposure was documented. FOB evaluation revealed that 24 patients had BAF (Group 1), 17 had bronchial anthracosis (Group 2) and 19 had normal appearance (Group 3). Results: Group 1 patients had significantly higher biomass fuel smoke exposure (p < 0.0001) and lower walk distance (p = 0.003) with greater desaturation. On HRCT, segmental collapse and consolidation were significantly higher in Group 1 while fibrotic lesions were the predominantly seen in Groups 2 and 3. A significant inverse correlation in Group 1 was seen between exposure index, six-minute-walk distance and spirometric parameters. In Group 1, the right middle lobe (RML) bronchus was most commonly involved (15/24 [62.5%]). In Group 2, RML and left upper lobe bronchi were affected in 8/17 (47.1%) patients each. Conclusions: All patients in our study were females. Those with BAF had poorer functional status as compared to those with anthracosis only. On imaging, multifocal bronchial narrowing was specific to BAF.
Mantle dynamics beneath the discrete and diffuse plate boundaries of the Juan de Fuca plate: Results from Cascadia Initiative body wave tomography
Authors: Byrnes Joseph S. , Toomey Douglas R. , Hooft Emilie E. E. , Nábělek John , Braunmiller Jochen
Published: July 2017

We use the delay times of teleseismic S phases recorded by ocean bottom seismometers during the plate‐scale Cascadia Initiative community experiment to constrain the heterogeneity of seismic velocity structure beneath young oceanic lithosphere. Our study area covers the entire Juan de Fuca (JdF) and Gorda plates, from their creation at the JdF and Gorda Ridges to their subduction beneath the North American continent, and the entire length of the Blanco transform fault. The range of the observed Vs anomalies requires variations in the melt fraction of the asthenosphere. The data require that low Vs anomalies extend to depths of at least 200 km, which is within the carbonatite melting regime. In the upper 200 km of the mantle, Vs increases rapidly to the east of the JdF Ridge, while there is no clear relationship with the age of the lithosphere in the Gorda region. The distribution of melt is asymmetric about both the JdF and Gorda Ridges. Dynamic upwelling – due to the buoyancy of the mantle – and accompanying downwelling can explain the rapid decrease in melt fraction to the east of the JdF Ridge, the asymmetry about the JdF Ridge, and the sinuous pattern of upwelling near the Blanco transform fault. Finally, mantle flow beneath the diffuse Gorda and Explorer plate boundaries is distinct from that beneath the discrete plate boundary of the JdF Ridge. In particular, shear between the Pacific and JdF plates appears to dominate mantle deformation over seafloor spreading beneath the Gorda Ridge.
Optimization and control of bio‐conversion of polymeric substrate in the chemostat
Authors: Sepulchre Jacques Alexandre , Mairet Francis , Gouzé Jean‐Luc
Published: July 2017

In this article, a simple model of the growth of polymer‐decomposing bacteria in a continuous stirred tank reactor is proposed. The dilution rate is controlled to optimize the output of monomers. This model is studied to find the optimum at the stationary state. However, the optimal stationary state is not robust against perturbations, leading to washout in the bioreactor. A control that makes the closed system globally stable around the optimal equilibrium is proposed. Then, a more complex model for polymers and oligomers of any lengths is studied. It is shown that the same technics also lead to a globally stable optimal point for the controlled system. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2017