bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A serological survey of agents causing leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis in Rattus rattus in the city of Umuarama, northwest Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Lopes Karoline Franciani Cardoso , Germano Ricardo De Melo , Gerônimo Edson , Zago Danila , Dias Eduardo Herrera , Chideroli Roberta Torres , Evers Fernanda , Navarro Italmar Teodorico , Freitas Julio Cesar de , Gonçalves Daniela Dib
Published: March 2017

Synanthropic rodents, present in both urban and rural areas, are responsible for the zoonotic transmission of several diseases to humans as well as for significant economic losses. They act as reservoirs for important viral diseases, bacterial diseases such as leptospirosis, and parasitic diseases such as toxoplasmosis and leishmaniasis. The aim of the present study was to assess the seropositivity of synanthropic rodents in Umuarama city, located in the northwestern region of Paraná State, Brazil, to agents causing leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis. The microscopic agglutination technique (MAT) was used to detect anti-Leptospira antibodies, and the indirect immunofluorescence reaction (IIFR) was used to detect anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. Of 178 animals collected, four (2.24%) were seropositive for Leptospira spp. and ten (5.62%) for Toxoplasma gondii. Ninety-five (53.38%) of the collected animals were male and 83 (46.62%) were female, and two (1.23%) originated from urban areas while 176 (98.87%) originated from peri-urban areas. Serological results showed that the synanthropic rodents examined here had low seroreactivity for agents causing both leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis, in both urban and peri-urban regions of Umuarama city. This could be associated with the high Human Development Index for the study area. However, preventative measures must continue to be observed, as rodents are important reservoirs for, and disseminators of, disease causing agents.
Collagen quantification in rabbit dermal wounds treated with heterologous platelet-rich plasma gel
Authors: Marques Maria Elisa Marin , Laposy Cecília Braga , Silva Mariana Lucas Dos Santos , Breda Maria Rosa Santos , Matsumoto Mayara Mascaro , Justulin Junior Luis Antonio , Nai Gisele Alborghetti , Ozaki Guilherme Akio Tamura , Camargo Filho José Carlos , Nogueira Rosa Maria Barilli
Published: March 2017

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been extensively studied as a biomaterial for wound treatment, and the heterologous PRP is usefulin the event that obtaining the patient’s own blood is impossible. This study aimed to evaluate and compare wound healing in rabbits and quantify the collagen in experimentally induced wounds in a control group and in a group treated with heterologous PRP gel. We hypothesize that this gelis capable of promoting proper healing with no adverse reactions, increased collagen content. The clinical aspects of coloring, edema, hyperemia, exudation, crust, granulation, pain sensitivity, and retraction index of the wounds were measuredon days 7, 14, and 17 after the injury. Collagen quantification by Picrosirius staining and evaluation under polarized light was performed on the 17th day. Crust was present in both groups at all evaluated time points, with the absence of other clinical signs. The wound contraction rate and collagen quantity did not differ between groups. In conclusion, the suggested hypothesis was partially confirmed; the heterologous PRP gel was unable to increase the amount of collagen and accelerate the wound healing process, however, wound healing was efficient and similar in both groups and there was no local adverse reaction. Thus, despite the scarcity of studies in the literature, the heterologous PRP gel is an effective alternative treatment for wounds in the absence of other sources of PRP.
A report of the Maquet procedure for the management of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in a dog - a case report
Authors: Marques Danilo Roberto Custódio , Ibañez José Fernando , Monteiro Juliana Fonseca , Hespanha Ana Carolina Valentim , Eggert Mayara , Becker Amanda , Freitas Itallo Barros
Published: March 2017

Cranial cruciate ligament rupture is the major cause of lameness and degenerative joint disease in the canine stifle. The cause of this disease is multifactorial, especially involving degenerative and inflammatory changes. Many techniques have been described for the management of this condition, and current recommendations include the use of corrective osteotomies, most recently using the Maquet (or modified Maquet) procedure. This technique is fundamentally similar to the classical tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA), but without the use of the bone plate. The main advantages of using this technique are a shorter operative time and less use of implants. The main complication of this technique is an increased risk of tibial crest fracture. This report describes the Maquet technique for the treatment of a three-year-old male West White Terrier dog with rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament. Cruciate ligament rupture was diagnosed by a positive cranial tibial drawer test. Mediolateral stifle radiography performed under anesthesia with the stifle in 135° of extension demonstrated a tibial plateau angle of 22°. A cage of six millimeters was necessary to allow advancement. The Maquet technique produced excellent post-operative results, including early weight-bearing and neutralization of the cranial tibial drawer. The consolidation time of the osteotomy was 63 days.
Allometric growth of body components in crossbred ewe lambs fed increasing dietary concentrate levels
Authors: Oliveira Lincoln Bremm , Morais Maria Da Graça , Ribeiro Caroline Bertholini , Souza Andréa Roberto Duarte Lopes , Fernandes Henrique Jorge , Ítavo Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira , Franco Gumercindo Loriano , Walker Catherine Cecília , Ítavo Luis Carlos Vinhas
Published: March 2017

This study aimed to evaluate the growth of body components in crossbred ewe lambs fed increasing levels of dietary concentrate and to determine the optimum level of supplementation for finishing ewe production. Thirty crossbred (½ Pantaneira × ½ Texel) wool ewe lambs fed Tifton 85 hay (Cynodon spp.) and different dietary concentrate levels (20, 40, 60, and 80% DM basis) were selected for study. At the beginning of the study, six animals were slaughtered for determination of initial body composition. The remaining animals were slaughtered at approximately 48 kg live weight. The growth of body components in relation to body growth was estimated from the allometric model BC = a × (FBW)b, where BC is body component weight, a and b are growth equation parameters, and FBW is fasted body weight. Carcass, muscle, bone, and gastrointestinal tract were late maturing (b < 1, P < 0.01). Carcass and carcass fat growth was positively affected (linear, P < 0.05) by concentrate level. Total fat weight increased with increasing concentrate level (P < 0.05). The addition of up to 60% concentrate in growing ewe lamb diets is recommended for production of carcasses with early deposition of muscle and fat. The addition of 20% concentrate in ewe lab diets is sufficient for production of carcasses with maximum deposition of muscle and no excess fat.
Supplementation strategies for dairy cows kept in tropical grass pastures
Authors: Silva Joelson Antonio , Silva Camilla Gabriela Miranda , Sousa Daniel De Paula , Paula Nelcino Francisco de , Carvalho Ana Paula Da Silva , Macedo Bruna Gomes , Costa Júnior Wagner Soares da , Bianchi-Zanette Isabela Eloisa , Costa Rayanne Viana , Teobaldo Ronyatta Weich
Published: March 2017

This study aimed to evaluate the supplementation strategies on forage intake and nutrient digestibility, feeding behavior, milk production and composition, feed efficiency, nitrogen balance and body weight change of dairy cows kept in Tanzania grass pastures (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzania) in the dry season. We used eight crossbred Holstein and Zebu cows in the final third of lactation, with an average weight of 505±44 kg and initial milk production of 9.0±1.44 kg day-1, in a double 4X4 Latin square design. The experiment consisted of four experimental periods of 17 days each, with nine days for initial adaptation and eight days to collect data. Treatments consisted of mineral mix and supplements (energy, protein or multiple) provided in the amount of 2 kg per cow day-1. Supplements promoted increased consumption of dry matter and nutrients (P < 0.05), without changing the forage intake in relation to the mineral mixture. The treatments did not affect the feeding behavior of animals (P > 0.05). There was an increase (P < 0.05) of 19.51% in milk production in the supplemented animals and productive responses approximate marginal 0.64 kg of milk for each kg of supplied supplement, however, the different supplements promoted a drop in the milk fat. There were higher net energy values of animal lactation for protein-energy supplementation and mineral mixture, but no change was observed in feed efficiency and energy efficiency. The performance of dairy cows kept in tropical grass pasture can be improved with the use of a concentrate supplementation of 0.40% of body weight per day-1 without compromising the forage intake of animals.
Sorghum and black oat forage production and its nutritive value under phosphate levels
Authors: Restelatto Rasiel , Menezes Luis Fernando Glassenap de , Paris Wagner , Sartor Laércio Ricardo , Martin Thomas Newton , Herrera Wilfrand Ferney Bejarano , Pavinato Paulo Sergio
Published: March 2017

Phosphorus (P) is one of the most limiting mineral elements for biomass and grain production in tropical soils. This study was undertaken to assess the influence of P on herbage accumulation (DM) and the nutritive value of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and black oat (Avena strigosa) in succession. Evaluated treatments were P fertilization levels of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg of P2O5 ha-1 distributed in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The treatments were applied at sorghum seeding in the summer 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. Black oat was seeded following sorghum in 2011 with no additional P fertilization. Herbage production and its nutritive value were assessed by successive cuts. The greatest sorghum DM yields were obtained at the highest phosphate level tested (200 kg P2O5 ha-1), with residual response in subsequent black oat. There was no effect of P fertilization levels on the nutritive values of both crops, considering crude protein (CP) levels, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), what demonstrates that P addition has no effect in forage nutritive value, especially when the soil P levels are classified as medium or high. The plant P recovery efficiency decreased when increasing P fertilization levels for both sorghum and black oat. The level of 50 kg P2O5 ha-1 year-1 presented the greatest P recovery by plants, which supports the idea of less fertilizer use with more efficiency.
Spatial distribution of microregions specialized in milk production
Authors: Telles Tiago Santos , Bacchi Matheus Demambre , Shimizu Jaime
Published: March 2017

The aim of this study was to verify and characterizes the spatial distribution of the microregions specialized in bovine milk production in Paraná State, Brazil, using data from the Municipal Livestock Survey conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the Central Bank of Brazil’s National Program to Strengthen Household Agriculture (PRONAF), from 2000 to 2012. Methodologically, we carry out location quotient (LQ), principal component, (PCA) and cluster analyses. Based on the results of the LQ, of the 39 microregions in Paraná State analyzed, 13 are identified as specializing in milk production. In particular, the West and Southwest mesoregions as well as the microregion of Ponta Grossa, in relative terms, account for 58% of the milk produced in the study period. Additionally, based on the PCA, 2 principal components are found to explain 91.5% of the variability in the data, termed technically enhanced production and household production. Finally, by using cluster analysis, five groups are identified among the microregions specializing in milk production, thus indicating marked heterogeneity across the state. This situation requires the expansion of public policies that mitigate regional disparities and provide the state with production gains from milk farming.
Technical efficiency and economic viability of different cattle identification methods allowed by the Brazilian traceability system
Authors: Lopes Marcos Aurelio , Junqueira Lucio Violin , Bruhn Fábio Raphael Pascoti , Demeu Andreia Alves , Silva Marilane Das Dores
Published: March 2017

We aimed to evaluate the technical efficiency and economic viability of the implementation and use of four cattle identification methods allowed by the Brazilian traceability system. The study was conducted in a beef cattle production system located in the State of Mato Grosso, from January to June 2012. Four identification methods (treatments) were compared: T1: ear tag in one ear and ear button in the other ear (eabu); T2: ear tag and iron brand on the right leg (eaib); T3: ear tag in one ear and tattoo on the other ear (eata); and T4: ear tag in one ear and electronic ear tag (eael) on the other. Each treatment was applied to 60 Nelore animals, totaling 240 animals, divided equally into three life stages (calves, young cattle, adult cattle). The study had two phases: implementation (phase 1) and reading and transfer of identification numbers to an electronic database (phase 2). All operating expenses related to the two phases of the study were determined. The database was constructed, and the statistical analyses were performed using SPSS® 17.0 software. Regarding the time spent on implementation (phase 1), conventional ear tags and electronic ear tags produced similar results, which were lower than those of hot iron and tattoo methods, which differed from each other. Regarding the time required for reading the numbers on animals and their transcription into a database (phase 2), electronic ear-tagging was the fastest method, followed by conventional ear tag, hot iron and tattoo. Among the methods analyzed, the electronic ear tag had the highest technical efficiency because it required less time to implement identifiers and to complete the process of reading and transcription to an electronic database and because it did not exhibit any errors. However, the cost of using the electronic ear-tagging method was higher primarily due to the cost of the device.
Chemical composition of corn silage produced by scientific studies in Brazil - A meta-analysis
Authors: Zardin Pagiel Bernardi , Velho João Pedro , Jobim Clóves Cabreira , Alessio Dileta Regina Moro , Haygert-Velho Ione Maria Pereira , Conceição Gabriel Menegazzi da , Almeida Paulo Sérgio Gois
Published: March 2017

The objective of the present study was to perform a meta-analysis that compared the chemical composition of corn silage produced for different experimental purposes, i.e., by research groups that studied corn silage (SCS) or by research groups that only used corn silage (UCS) as a form of roughage. We analyzed 203 papers that were published between January 1994 and December 2014 and contained a total of 647 treatments and the analysis of 1701 silos. We found a significant difference (P < 0.0001) in the dry matter (DM) content of SCS silage (33.00%) and that of UCS silage (30.64%). The DM contents of neutral detergent fiber for the SCS and UCS silage were high (54.72 and 55.14% DM, respectively) but were not significantly different from one another (P = 0.5936), and the acid detergent fiber content of the UCS silage (31.04% DM) was higher than that of the SCS silage (29.65%, P = 0.0214), which indicated that the UCS silage was less digestible than the SCS silage. This was also corroborated (P = 0.0064) by the mean content of total digestible nutrients (64.18% DM) in the UCS silage, which likely results from the lower level of care taken when using standard silage production methods, compared to that taken by SCS researchers. Therefore, we concluded that the corn silage produced by research groups in Brazil are not analyzed in full and that, as a result, there is a paucity of important information, such as the content of organic acids. In addition, we also found that corn silage produced in Brazil contains a high level of neutral detergent fiber.
Photosynthetic activity of young Ricinus communis L. plants under conditions of flooded soil
Authors: Dalberto Davi Silva , Martinazzo Emanuela Garbin , Hüther Cristina Moll , Posso Douglas Antônio , Bacarin Marcos Antonio
Published: March 2017

Soil flooding is a stress condition that causes changes in hydric relationships and in the metabolism of crops, thereby affecting their productivity. To evaluate the effects of soil flooding on the chlorophyll a fluorescence transient, as well as gas exchange and Ricinus communis growth, young plants of the ‘AL Guarany 2002’ and ‘IAC Guarani’ cultivars, grown in a greenhouse, were subjected to flood conditions by maintaining a layer of water 2-3 cm above the soil. The stressed plants showed drastic reduction in net CO2 assimilation and growth variables. There was, however, an increase in performance index (PIABS e PITOTAL) at different moments of stress between the two cultivars. In general, R. communis plants possess mechanisms to protect the electron transport chain during a period of stress, without causing damage and reducing functionality. However, this is not enough to maintain photosynthetic activity owing to the decrease in stomatal conductance and intrinsic carboxylation efficiency, which affects biomass accumulation in stressed plants. In summary, this study found that the ‘AL Guarany 2002’ was found to be more sensitive to stress than the ‘IAC Guarani’ was.
As decisões judiciais e as políticas públicas sobre a educação no estado de São Paulo.
Authors: Freitas Lígia Barros de
Published: March 2017

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados de um mapeamento das decisões judiciais sobre o direito à educação do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo, no período de 1998 a 2013. O trabalho aponta o tipo de ação (individual ou coletiva) proposta, o autor da ação e analisa os fundamentos das decisões judiciais. Além disso, trata de sua influência nas políticas públicas sobre a criação de vagas escolares na Educação Infantil, Fundamental e Média no Estado de São Paulo. Na sequência, compara os resultados com os obtidos nas pesquisas sobre decisões judiciais sobre direito à saúde. Concluímos que houve uma mudança institucional do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo em suas decisões, com sua maior receptividade no julgamento de ações coletivas referentes ao direito à educação.
A judicialização das relações familiares: uma análise do fenômeno na perspectiva da sociedade de risco
Authors: Ruscheinsky Aloisio , Demari Melissa
Published: March 2017

Na contemporaneidade, a previsibilidade e a segurança das relações sociais, enquanto valores consagrados e sedimentados pela modernidade, cederam lugar à insegurança e inerentes riscos das mudanças. A insegurança, como fenômeno contemporâneo, produzido pelo avanço tecnológico, irradia os seus efeitos em todas as dimensões da vida humana, notadamente nas dimensões física, psicológica e social. Esse processo está no alicerce da percepção dos riscos como eixo-social fundamental da análise das ciências sociais. Nessa perspectiva, a forma de o indivíduo pensar e constituir a si próprio criou inúmeros avanços e possibilidades para a reconfiguração das instituições sociais. Não obstante, na vida cotidiana, com suas relações formais e informais, e com a publicização da intimidade, os indivíduos se digladiam entre a segurança do passado e as possibilidades do futuro.
Capital social e dilemas da ação coletiva: avaliando os resultados de um Centro Comunitário de Produção voltado para agricultores familiares assentados no Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Brandão André Augusto Pereira , Santos Nilton Cesar
Published: March 2017

Este artigo discute os problemas relacionados à ação coletiva e à cooperação entre agricultores familiares, produtores de leite, assentados pelo Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária, que atuam junto a um Centro Comunitário de Produção (CCP). O locus empírico da investigação foi o Assentamento Itamarati II, situado no município de Ponta Porã-MS. Através de pesquisa que utilizou instrumentos de coleta de dados qualitativos e quantitativos, identificamos que, apesar do incremento de renda obtido com o beneficiamento e a comercialização coletiva do produto principal destas famílias, características comunitárias locais relacionadas à baixos níveis de capital social determinam impedimentos ao aprofundamento da cooperação entre elas. Esta configuração acaba por gerar uma situação na qual os agricultores familiares não desenvolvem cadeias de confiança intersubjetiva e passam a atuar como fornecedores individuais de leite para o próprio empreendimento que construíram coletivamente. Nas conclusões buscamos explicar analiticamente quais as variáveis sociais que explicam a conformação desta situação.
Territorialidades religiosas em Portugal
Authors: Villaça Helena
Published: March 2017

Cada grupo religioso tem a sua temporalidade e apresenta regularidades espaciais e, à semelhança do que vai acontecendo noutros lugares, as constatações empíricas evidenciam que urbanidade, mobilidade e mesmo cosmopolitismo não se correlacionam exclusivamente com indicadores de secularização antes com a pluralidade de identidades, crenças e vivências religiosas (e não religiosas). O estudo sobre as Identidades Religiosas dos Portugueses (IRP) de 2011 e o recenseamento do mesmo ano indiciam que os grupos religiosos não católicos (especialmente os evangélicos) quase duplicaram no período de uma década. Quem são essas minorias, quando e em que tipo de espaços ocorreu a sua implantação na sociedade portuguesa, são questões a que se procurará dar resposta neste artigo.
A presença de brasileiros na recente colonização do Paraguai
Authors: Szekut Andressa , Oliveira Jorge Eremites de
Published: March 2017

Neste artigo os autores analisam a presença de brasileiros e paraguaios no processo de colonização recente no município de Santa Rita, localizado no Departamento de Alto Paraná, região Oriental da República do Paraguai, iniciado na década de 1970. O objetivo do trabalho é contribuir para a compreensão das relações sociais entre migrantes estrangeiros e nacionais nesse espaço de colonização. Para este propósito, os autores estabelecem interfaces metodológicas entre os campos da História e da Antropologia Social, conjugando pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e etnográfica para a reflexão sobre a situação histórica observada na região.
A formação do espaço urbano da cidade de Belo Horizonte: um estudo de caso a luz de comparações com as cidades de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro.
Authors: Passos Daniela Oliveira Ramos dos
Published: March 2017

O presente trabalho procura analisar como se constituiu o espaço urbano e social da cidade de Belo Horizonte, no final do século XIX e início do século XX, à luz de comparações com as cidades de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro no mesmo período. Inaugurada em 1897, a nova capital mineira se tornou a primeira cidade planejada do país. O objetivo deste ensaio é o de explicitar como as ideias republicanas inspiraram à experiência urbanística da cidade, seu aspecto modernizante e ao mesmo tempo sua estratificação social, que classificava e hierarquizava o território belorizontino, no intuito de assegurar as condições de vida para uma população em rápido crescimento, adequando a cidade aos negócios e criando mecanismos de controle social para a uma população carente e trabalhadora de Belo Horizonte.
Terrorismo jihadista e kamikazes humanos: uma difícil questão para a contemporaneidade
Authors: Festi Ricardo Colturato
Published: March 2017

Trata-se de resenha do livro Radicalisation de F. Khosrokhavar, publicado em 2014, na França, pela editora Maison des sciences de l’homme.
A política cultural da capoeira contemporânea: uma etnografia sobre os casos brasileiro e português
Authors: Brito Celso de
Published: March 2017

Uma etnografia sobre a transnacionalização do Grupo de Capoeira Angola Irmãos Guerreiros (GCAIG) nos conduziu a duas categorias que qualificam diferentes formas de Capoeira: “esporte” e “cultura”. O uso nativo de tais noções remete à existência de disputas no campo da Capoeira que associam “cultura” com um saber “tradicional” e “esporte” com um saber “erudito”. Visamos aqui descrever algumas implicações políticas desses usos em dois contextos contemporâneos: Brasil e Portugal. Concluímos que a perspectiva “cultural” ganha força no Brasil gerando espaço para a multiplicidade de saberes nativos, enquanto que em Portugal a perspectiva “esportiva” prevalece submetendo grupos de diferentes vertentes a uma única forma de organização.
The Effect of Culture on Food Consumption; a Case of Special Religious Days in Turkey
Authors: Shipman Dilistan , Durmus Beril
Published: March 2017

Cultural beliefs and traditions influence the consumption and the preparation of certain foods especially in special times in different cultures. Religion and traditions in different cultures lead to restrictions of some food from the diet. Culture and religion influence food consumption patterns. This paper documents how culture, religion and traditional knowledge impacts the food purchasing behavior and food choices. Most people in Turkey are Muslims and traditionally, their food consumption is influenced by the culture especially in Ramadan which involves religious fasting days and Ramadan is a time to purify the soul, refocus attention on God, and practice self-discipline and sacrifice. “Şeker Bayramı” which symbolizes the end of the fasting, is the first day of Shawwal, and it is the 10th month of the Islamic calendar period in which people treat their guests to sweets and traditional desserts. “Kurban Bayramı” commemorates Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice his son Ishmael to show his faithfulness to Allah takes place 70 days after the end of Ramadan and during these days the meat of the slaughtered animal is shared with the poor and neighbors. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of Islamic beliefs and culture in moderating consumer’s attitudes, purchase intentions and consumption of food during these special days. A questionnaire was administered online among 297 participants and the responses were collated with factor analysis, independent sample T-test and ANOVA tests. The empirical research indicates variable food consumption practices during the Muslim festivals.
Geospatial, Temporal and Economic Analysis of Alternative Fuel Infrastructure: The Case of Freight and U.S. Natural Gas Markets
Authors: Fan Yueyue , Lee Allen , Parkerf Nathan , Scheitrum Daniel , Jaffe Amy Myers , Dominguez-Faus Rosa , Medlock Kenneth
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

The transition to low-carbon fuel in the United States has spatial, temporal and economic aspects. Much of the economic literature on this topic has focused on aspects of the cost effectiveness of competing fuels. We expand this literature by simultaneously considering spatial, temporal and economic aspects in an optimization framework that integrates geographic information system (GIS) tools, network analysis, technology choice pathways and a vehicle demand choice model. We focus on natural gas fuel as a low-carbon alternative to oil-based diesel fuel in the heavy-duty sector primarily because of the recent cost benefits relative to diesel fuel and the high vehicle turnover rate in heavy-duty trucks. We find that the level of profitability of natural gas fueling infrastructure depends more on volume of traffic flows rather than proximity to natural gas supply.
Wat is het effect van transparante toezichthouders op het vertrouwen van de burger? Een experimentele studie.
Authors: de Vries Femke , Zijlstra Wilte , Grimmelikhuijsen Stephan
Published: March 2017

What’s the effect of transparent regulators on citizen trust? An experimental study

Transparency is said to be paramount for citizen’s trust in (semi-)governmental organizations, such as regulators and supervisory bodies, yet there is little empirical research in this area.

In an experiment we investigated the effect of different forms of transparency on citizen trust in a Dutch financial regulator. Our measure of trust consisted of three components: Competence, Benevolence and Integrity. Two types of transparency were used (rationale transparency and process transparency) in three different scenarios, one positive for the regulator and two negative.

Transparency, and especially when focused on the ‘why’ (rationale) led to slightly more trust by citizens. This effect was most pronounced in the Competence-component of our trust-measure. Interestingly, even being transparent about negative news – i.e. admitting that mistakes were made and focusing on the ‘why’ – does not necessarily decrease trust. In contrast, negative information that focused on the ‘how’ (process transparency) yielded a negative effect on trust.

We conclude that even when the message portrays negative information about the regulator, it pays to be transparent and communicate about it. Information should focus on explaining the rationale and underlying principles of a decision, and less on how the decision was taken.
Het aantal zelfstandige bestuursorganen in Nederland 1993-2013
Authors: van Thiel Sandra , Verheij Jesper
Published: March 2017

The number of public bodies in The Netherlands 1993-2013

In several countries the number of semi-autonomous agencies is under attack. The Dutch government has also presented plans to reduce the number of so-called ZBOs (zelfstandige bestuursorganen). But do public organizations like ZBOs actually die? Using population ecology theory we formulate a number of hypotheses on the survival and reform of ZBOs. These hypotheses are tested using secondary data on the number of ZBOs in The Netherlands in the past two decades. Results show that the absolute number of ZBOs has increased rather than decreased. Only seldom does a ZBO die. But ZBOs do experience many changes during their lifetime, such as mergers. The politicians’ plans seem targeted at improving their overview of all ZBOs. Whether the implementation of the plans will lead to that remains to be seen. Experiences in other countries do not confirm these expectations so far.
Is de term ‘poldermodel’ nog steeds politiek opportuun én wetenschappelijk bruikbaar?
Authors: Bannink Duco , Hollanders David
Published: March 2017

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
De zin en onzin van een transparante lobby
Authors: Braun Caelesta
Published: March 2017

Reflection and debate initiates academically inspired discussions on issues that are on the current policy agenda.
Bitcoinminers, bitcoincashers, bitcoinmixers en het strafrecht
Authors: de Jong R.J.
Published: March 2017

Bitcoinminers, bitcoincashers, bitcoinmixers en het strafrecht

De techniek achter bitcoin maakt het mogelijk om anoniem deel te nemen aan het betalingsverkeer. Daarmee is ook het risico op witwassen toegenomen. De laatste jaren is het OM steeds actiever geworden in het opsporen en vervolgen van strafbare feiten die met behulp van bitcoins zijn gepleegd. De bitcoin lijkt steeds meer in het vizier van diverse opsporingsinstanties te zitten. Na de aanpak van kwaadwillende bitcoincashers en bitcoinminers richten het AMLC, de FIOD en het OM zich nu op bitcoinmixers. In deze bijdrage wordt een overzicht geschetst van de werking, de fiscale en juridische kwalificatie en de bestrijding van crimineel gebruik van bitcoins, bitcoinminers, bitcoincashers en bitcoinmixers.
Figury dzieciństwa w militarystycznym dyskursie w Związku Radzieckim
Authors: Siegień Wojciech
Published: March 2017

The article presents the use of childhood figures in the process of constructing a militaristic discourse in Russian society. The author also tries to identify ways to use similar figures of childhood in different historical and political contexts. Comparative analysis was related to the figures taken from the reality of the Soviet Union and modern Russia. The method of analysis was based on a narrative analysis. Analysing propaganda broadcasts at the syntactic and paradigmatic level, the paper shows that propaganda texts created in different times use similar measures plots distant in time use similar measures. The use of figures of childhood appears to be the one of the most effective tools of military propaganda in Russia.
Purity Evaluation of Curcuminoids in the Turmeric Extract Obtained by Accelerated Solvent Extraction
Authors: Yadav Dinesh K , Sharma Khushbu , Dutta Anirban , Kundu Aditi , Awasthi Akanksha , Goon Arnab , Banerjee Kaushik , Saha Supradip
Published: March 2017

Curcuminoids, the active principle of Curcuma longa L, is one of the most researched subjects worldwide for its broad-spectrum biological activities. Being traditionally known for their anticancer properties and issues related to bioavailability, the curcuminoids, including diferuloylmethane (curcumin), have gained special attention. Thus, the current study focused on the purity profiling of curcuminoids when extracted by accelerated solvent extraction, which was run with turmeric rhizome powder (20 g) at 1500 psi and at 50°C, with a static time of 10 min and with three cycles. The performance of ethanol, ethyl acetate, and acetone as extraction solvents was comparatively evaluated. Once extracted, the individual curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin) were purified by column chromatography, followed by preparative TLC, and the compounds were characterized by spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. The HPLC method was standardized by using a gradient mobile phase of water and acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid. The LODs were calculated as 0.27, 0.33, and 0.42 μg/mL for curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, respectively. Accuracy (relative percentage error) and precision RSD values of the developed HPLC methodwere below 5%. The intraday accuracy ranged between −0.9 and −3.63%. The physical yield was the highest in ethanol (8.4%) extraction, followed by ethyl acetate (7.4%) and acetone (6.6%). Maximum purity was recorded in acetone (46.2%), followed by ethanol (43.4%) and ethyl acetate (38.8%), with no significant differences across the individual curcuminoids. This research will be useful for future applications related to the extraction of curcuminoids at a commercial level and to their profiling in food matrixes.
Just How Much Power Do Your Electronics Use When They Are “Off”?
Authors: Oaks-Leaf Sam
Published: March 2017

Once upon a time, there was a difference between on and off. Now, it's more complicated: Roughly 50 devices and appliances in the typical American household are always drawing power, even when they appear to be off, estimates Alan Meier, a senior scientist at the Department of Energy's Berkeley Lab.
Bridging Curves
Authors: Wilcock Douglas
Published: March 2017

The Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge, designed by Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava, is a cable-stayed bridge over the Trinity River in Dallas, Texas. The roadway, almost 1200 ft. long, is supported by fifty-eight cables, twenty-nine on each side of the central arch, strung from the arch to the traffic median between the lanes going (roughly) east or west. The bridge first opened to vehicular traffic in March 2012 and has already been hailed as an icon of twenty-first-century Dallas.
Deriving the Regression Line with Algebra
Authors: Quintanilla John A.
Published: March 2017

Exploration with spreadsheets and reliance on previous skills can lead students to determine the line of best fit.
Examining the Flipped Classroom through Action Research
Authors: Lo Chung Kwan
Published: March 2017

There is a growing interest in using a flipped classroom format in day-to-day teaching. According to Bishop and Verleger (2013), direct computer-based individual instruction outside the classroom and interactive group learning activities inside the classroom are the two essential components of the flipped classroom model. By watching instructional videos, students can work through some materials before class. Therefore, the in-class time is no longer occupied by teachers' direct instruction. Teachers can provide more interactive learning activities to facilitate peer interactions.
Designing GeoGebra Applets to Maximize Student Engagement
Authors: Paoletti Teo , Monahan Ceire , Vishnubhotla Madhavi
Published: March 2017

GeoGebra is a free tool that has the potential to change both how and what we teach in mathematics. Geo-Gebra allows teachers and students to explore various mathematical ideas either through the full applet (https://www.geogebra.org/graphing) or by sharing applets via GeoGebra's Materials site (https://www.geogebra.org/materials/). It has many capabilities, including allowing students to graph functions, draw and change various geometric shapes, solve equations, and complete other algebraic procedures. Although all of these features make Geo-Gebra a potent tool, the full applet can be overwhelming to a novice user and can create distractions for students.
La eliminación del libro de texto y el uso del portafolio en la asignatura de música en E.S.O: una experiencia para incrementar la calidad del aprendizaje y la motivación del alumnado
Authors: Sanz Chouquet Katia
Published: March 2017

Se abordó el presente estudio con el objetivo de desarrollar estrategias que incrementaran la calidad de los aprendizajes y la evaluación, además de la motivación de los alumnos en la materia de Música en Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Para ello se diseñó una experiencia en la que se eliminó el libro de texto y se utilizó el portafolio a lo largo del curso académico 2013-2014, complementando dicho uso con trabajos cooperativos, autoevaluaciones y co-evaluaciones. Se utilizó un diseño de dos grupos para comparar los resultados en cuanto a satisfacción con la asignatura y medias académicas. Se completó la investigación con los datos relativos a la evaluación del clima de aula por parte del alumnado.

Los resultados muestran un aumento significativo del interés del alumnado por la
materia y opiniones favorables acerca de la mejora personal en procesos de trabajo en equipo entre otros, la capacidad de apreciar estilos nuevos o la capacidad de síntesis.
ОДНОС ДРУШТВЕНИХ МРЕЖА И ГРАЂАНСКЕ ПАРТИЦИПАЦИЈЕ НА ПРИМЈЕРУ “АРАПСКОГ ПРОЉЕЋА”
Authors: Врањеш Александар
Published: March 2017

Модерне револуције из арапског свијета отвориле су рас-праве широм планете о улози савремених информационо-комуникационих тех-нологија (ИКТ) у њиховом покретању, вођењу, координисању, итд. Одређениаутори отишли су и корак даље, дајући дигиталним технологијама скороулогу демијурга новог свијета у којем равноправни саговорници на свим ме-ридијанима одлучују о најважнијим сегментима свог живота, а ако нека не-демократска власт одлучи да ту слободу сузбије, онда је довољно отићи наИнтернет и кликом миша покренути револуцију. Циљ овог рада јесте да раз-мотри узрочно-посљедичне везе у троуглу ИКТ - партиципација - демократијаи да самим тим покуша детерминисати вриједност и улогу нових технологијау друштвеним процесима. Примјер “Арапског прољећа” је свакако најактуел-нији посебно што отвара питање да ли би се револуције уопште десиле да нијебило Интернета, те овом раду може послужити као добра студија случаја.
ДРУШТВЕНЕ МРЕЖЕ – ДОБРО И ЗЛО МОДЕРНОГ ДРУШТВА
Authors: Мучибабић Владимир
Published: March 2017

Комуникација преко друштвених мрежа (Фејсбук, Твитер)је без икакве сумње променила начин комуницирања међу људима. Са само паркликова мишем на интернету, имате могућност да о једној особи сазнате ско-ро све, од њене професије, интересовања, па до тога да видите фотографијеиз личних албума. Ова врста друштвеног умрежавања постала је популарнајош 2003. године, стварањем веб страница Мајспејс и Френдстер, да би данаспримат на мрежи узели Фејсбук и Твитер. Далеко од тога да друштвене мре-же немају позитивне ефекте, пре свега једноставно и бесплатно одржавањеконтаката са породицом или пријатељима који живе у другим земљама, упо-знавање нових људи, а у последње време постале су јако корисне у пословномсмислу, пре свега у бесплатном маркетингу који пружају. Поред тога, побољ-шавају и технолошке вештине корисника, а све чешће се користе и у образов-не сврхе. Што се тиче негативних страна, ни њихов број није занемарљив –смањење социјалне интеракције у стварном животу и осећај стварања лажнесоцијализације, друштвена изолација, губљење времена, крађа идентитета,сајбер криминал, здравствени проблеми, како психички, тако и физички. Раз-војем технологије мобилних телефона (смартфона), преко којих се лако иде наинтернет и користе друштвене мреже, ризик по здравље постаје још већи.
СЕНКА БРИСЕЛСКОГ СПОРАЗУМА НАД РЕПУБЛИКОМ СРПСКОМ - како се појам „издаја“ појавио у српском националном дискурсу
Authors: Рељић Слободан
Published: March 2017

После “парафирања” Бриселског споразума (април, 2013) ипочетка реализовања убрзаног уступања око 15 одсто територије без от-пора, власти у Београду су суочене с питањем јавности: да ли је РепубликаСрпска следећи део националног корпуса којег ће се систематски одрицати,а у име магловитих обећања Запада о путу у Европску унију. Геополитичкерелације у којима се читав процес одвија сугерише нову перцепцију решавања“српског питања”. У српском националном дискурсу се сад појавило стано-виште које додатно радикализије јавно мнење - национална издаја. То предвласт и јавно мнење интензивиније поставља дилему: више ауторитраностиили убрзана дезорганизације.
ЕТАПЕ У РАЗВОЈУ РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРПСКЕ: ФОРМИРАЊЕ, ДЕЈТОН И МИР
Authors: Ђукановић Драган
Published: March 2017

У овом раду аутор анализира кључне етапе у развоју Републи-ке Српске после њеног формирања 9. јануара 1992. године. У том контекстуон елаборира процес настанка Републике Српске, њену међународну верифика-цију Дејтонским мировним споразумом, постконфликтну консолидацију, као ипроцес покушаја уставних реформи у Босни и Херцеговини, којима би се реди-стрибуирале надлежности између ентитетских и државних органа власти.Ипак, у раду се наглашава да је Република Српска неупитна категоријаи да досадашњи покушаји САД и ЕУ за измене и допуне Устава Босне и Хер-цеговине нису подразумевале оспоравање двоентитетске структуре државе.У наредном периоду, како процењује аутор, биће покушаја водећих чинилацасветске политике да се редизајнира институционални оквир на нивоу Босне иХерцеговине, као и да се ојачају њени преговарачки капацитети у преузимањуобавеза у вези са чланством у Европској унији и Северноатлантском савезу.
ПРОСВЕТА И КУЛТУРА КАО ФАКТОР ПОВЕЗИВАЊА СРБИЈЕ И РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРПСКЕ
Authors: Растовић Александар
Published: March 2017

У раду се истиче важност повезивања Србије и РепубликеСрпске у сфери просвете и културе као најефикаснијег начина стварања је-динственог духовног простора српског народа. У том својеврсном културномуједињењу српског националног и духовног простора посебно место припадаинтелектуалцима из Србије и Републике Српске. Међутим, разбијање СФРЈ, играђански рат који је уследио и који се нарочито жестоко одразио на просто-рима бивше БиХ, искристалисао је три групе интелектуалаца које су заузелепотпуно различите ставове око тога шта треба учинити да се најефикаснијезашити угрожени српски народ, око потребе постојања Републике Српске,Дејтонског споразума, специјалних веза Републике Српске и Србије, о српскомдуховном простору.
GLOBALNO RIZIČNO DRUŠTVO I ZDRAVLJE
Authors: Kovačević Irina
Published: March 2017

Od sedemdesetih godina prošlog stoljeća se počela upotrebljavatiriječ globalizacija; riječ, odnosno pojam održivi razvoj od kraja devedesetih godinaprošlog stoljeća, a riječ i pojam rizično i globalno rizično društvo nešto kasnije.Dakle, ovi pojmovi su noviji pojmovi u sociologiji koji su veoma brzo postali naučneparadigme i analitičke kategorije.A, to je zato što živimo u jednom, veoma ubrzanom globalizovanom svijetu, ukojem dolazi do velikih promjena koje mijenjaju sva područja društvenog i individualnogživota u tom opsegu i mjeri da se može reći da je savremeno globalno društvou stvari globalno rizično društvo, odnosno društvo globalnih rizika i neodrživograzvoja koji dovode u pitanje i zdravlje.
„SAMOOSLOBOĐENJE“ KAO NENASILNA AGRESIJA - uz prevod Šarpove knjige Samooslobođenje -
Authors: Kecmanović Nenad , Kecmanović Tijana
Published: March 2017

Koautori analiziraju strategiju nenasilnog rušenja dikatatura iz peraDžina Šarpa. Njegovi kratki priručnici poslužili su kao uputstvo za akciju pokretaOtpor u Srbiji, a da javnost dugo to nije znala. Poslije svrgavanja Miloševića uoktobru 2000, Šarpove brošure prevedene su na sve svjetske jezike i postale biblija„Obojenih revolucija“ u Istočnoj Evropi i „Arapskog proljeća“ na Bliskom Istoku.Koautori, zatim, ispituju teorijsko i istorijsko porijeklo Šarpovih ideja, sponzorenjegovih operativnih projekata, pomoćne metode rušenja režima itd. I na kraju tražeodgovor kome i zašto sve to služi.
МЛАДА БОСНА – СУШТИНА, ИДЕОЛОШКЕ И ИСТОРИЈСКО-ПОЛИТИЧКЕ ПОСЉЕДИЦЕ
Authors: Ђукић Богомир
Published: March 2017

У овом се раду разматра суштина, те идеолошке и исто-ријско-политичке импликације културно-историјског феномена Млада Босна,покрета младих углавном српских интелектуалаца и (р)еволуционара, који судјеловањем не само у свом времену, него и у потоњем све до данас, у бити ос-лободилачки и конструктивно, ипак изазивали контроверзе и неслагања окоњихове историјске мисије, сврхе постојања и саме стратегије дјеловања. Изњеговог дубинског и комплекснијег философсло-историјског освјетљења овдјесе покушава одређеним компаративним увидом у сам дух различитих исто-ријских стања сагледати карактер и вриједност његових разних видова исто-ризације и интерпретације као његове оне незаборавне и подстицајне, слобо-дољубиве традиције и насљеђа.
ГАВРИЛО, ЈЕДНИНА МНОЖИНЕ
Authors: Стојичић Миленко
Published: March 2017

Портрет Гаврила Принципа ришу и лијепе ријечи разбокорене у кичицеметафорике. Гаврило је и литерарни анђео који нас гледа из стилосфере...
УКРАИНСКИЕ И КРЫМСКИЕ ПАРАДОКСЫ ( Paradoxes of Ukraine and Crimea)
Authors: Медведев Жорес , Медведев Рой
Published: March 2017

7 декабря 1991 года, когда Ельцин, Кравчук и Шушкевич под предлогом«охоты на зубров» тайно приехали в Урочище Вискули в Беловежской Пущедля реализации заговора против Советского Союза, именно Леонид Кравчук,за несколько дней до этого избранный первым президентом Украины, был ре-альным главой тройки заговорщиков. Беловежская встреча явилась прямым ипоспешным результатом референдума, проведенного в Украине 1 декабря с од-ним лишь вопросом - «Подтверждаете ли Вы Акт провозглашения независи-мости Украины?» Голосовавшим не объясняли, что этот «Акт», также поспеш-но принятый 24 августа 1991 года Верховным Советом УССР после отменыГКЧП мог означать выход Украины из состава СССР. Большинство голосовав-ших возможных последствий референдума просто не понимало. Такие «Акты»принимали еще раньше Верховные Советы и в других республиках, включаяРСФСР, но они не сопровождались их выходом из СССР и не порождали рефе-рендумов. Теперь лишь Кравчук, среди сотоварищей, не был формально обя-занным согласовывать свои инициативы с Михаилом Горбачевым. СоветскийСоюз, как известно, переживал тогда тяжелый экономический и финансовыйкризис и из всех его республик именно Украина по уровню жизни населениянаходилась в наилучшем положении. Сохранение высоких показателей своейэкономики, обеспеченной ресурсами, современной промышленностью, наи-более развитым аграрным сектором, максимальным уровнем энергетическо-го обеспечения и активной внешней торговлей и были в то время главнымиаргументами местных пропагандистов в пользу независимости Украины. Всекрупные предприятия «союзного подчинения», включая легендарные Днепро-гес, Донбасс и Южмаш, и все АЭС также объявлялись теперь собственностьюнового государства. В расчете на каждого жителя экономические показателиУкраины были выше, чем в РСФСР на 20%, на 30% выше, чем в Белорусии и вКазахстане и в пять раз выше узбекских. Они оказывались в то время не тольковыше чем в Болгарии или в Румынии, но даже и в Венгрии, все еще не оправив-шихся от последствий «шоковой терапии».