bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribución al estudio de espesores de soleras de hormigón para cargas de estanterías mediante elementos finitos
Authors: Ferrer Gisbert C. , Ferrán Gozálvez J. J. , Torregrosa Soler J. B. , Sánchez Romero F. J. , Redón Santafé M. , Pérez Sánchez M.
Published: September 2016

En el presente artículo se realiza un estudio comparativo entre tres procedimientos de cálculo para obtener espesores en soleras de hormigón ligeramente armadas por retracción, con cargas debidas a estanterías. Las fórmulas para cargas aisladas de Westergaard no tienen para este caso una aplicación directa debido a la influencia del resto de soportes y su cercanía. El estudio comparativo se realiza en primer lugar mediante nomogramas de cálculo de la bibliografía; en segundo lugar, la solera se discretiza con elementos finitos y apoya sobre el terreno modelizado con coeficiente de balasto, y en tercer lugar, mediante elementos finitos tridimensionales sólidos que representan la base y la explanada, desarrollándose aspectos novedosos en el tratamiento del conjunto solera-terreno tanto en sus expresiones como en su interacción. Asimismo, se obtienen una serie de gráficas que permiten realizar predimensionados.
Les droits de la défense dans l’ombre du secret du délibéré
Authors: Nicolas Marie
Published: September 2016

Le secret du délibéré de la cour d’assises est un principe absolu destiné à protéger l’indépendance des juges, leur intime conviction et l’autorité de leur décision. Dans son arrêt du 25 mai 2016, la Chambre criminelle rappelle avec force l’absence de dérogation à ce principe, y compris lorsqu’un juré accusé de violation du secret invoque la levée de ce principe cardinal pour se défendre et prouver la violation des règles du scrutin.
Feitlike Toestande en Prinsipiële Siening van die Rasseverhoudingspatroon in Suid-Afrika
Authors: Coertze P. J.
Published: September 2016

No abstract available.
Unusual imaging presentation of infantile atypical Kawasaki disease
Authors: Kumar Nishith , Mittal Mahesh Kumar , Sinha Mukul , Gupta Arpita , Thukral Brij Bhushan
Published: September 2016

Kawasaki disease is a systemic medium vessel vasculitis of unknown etiology affecting children under 5 years of age. There are no specific diagnostic tests, and thus, the diagnosis of the disease is primarily made on the basis of clinical criteria. Unusual presentations of Kawasaki disease have been variably reported from different parts of the world. However, presentation of the disease in the form of peripheral thromboembolism and florid non-coronary aneurysms has rarely been described This report describes the imaging findings in infantile atypical Kawasaki disease with aneurysms of multiple medium-sized arteries, including coronary arteries, emphasizing the detection of clinically silent aneurysms in the disease.
Development of Hollow-Fiber Liquid-Phase Microextraction Method for Determination of Urinary trans, trans-Muconic Acid as a Biomarker of Benzene Exposure
Authors: Ghamari Farhad , Bahrami Abdulrahman , Yamini Yadollah , Shahna Farshid Ghorbani , Moghimbeigi Abbas
Published: September 2016

For the first time, hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet was used to extract trans, trans-muconic acid, in urine samples of workers who had been exposed to benzene. The parameters affecting the metabolite extraction were optimized as follows: the volume of sample solution was 11 mL with pH 2, liquid membrane containing dihexyl ether as the supporter, 15% (w/v) of trioctylphosphine oxide as the carrier, the time of extraction was 120 minutes, and stirring rate was 500 rpm. Organic phase impregnated in the pores of a hollow fiber was extracted into 24 μL solution of 0.05 mol L−1 Na2CO3 located inside the lumen of the fiber. Under optimized conditions, a high enrichment factor of 153-182 folds, relative recovery of 83%-92%, and detection limit of 0.001 μg mL−1 were obtained. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of ttMA in real urine samples.
Hydroxyapatite–-Past, Present, and Future in Bone Regeneration
Authors: Kattimani Vivekanand Sabanna , Kondaka Sudheer , Lingamaneni Krishna Prasad
Published: September 2016

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an essential element required for bone regeneration. Different forms of HA have been used for a long time. The essence of bone regeneration always revolves around the healthy underlying bone or it may be the surroundings that give enough strength. HA is well known for bone regeneration through conduction or by acting as a scaffold for filling of defects from ancient times, but emerging trends of osteoinductive property of HA are much promising for new bone regeneration. Emerging technology has made the dreams of clinicians to realize the use of HA in different forms for various regenerative purposes both in vivo and in vitro. The nanostructured calcium apatite plays an important role in the construction of calcified tissues. The nanostructured material has the ability to attach biological molecules such as proteins, which can be used as functional materials in many aspects, and the capability of synthesizing controlled structures of apatite to simulate the basic structure of bone and other calcified tissues. The process of regeneration requires a biomimetic and biocompatible nanostructured novel material. The nanostructured bioceramic particles are of interest in synthetic bone grafts and bone cements both injectable and controlled setting, so that such composites will reinforce the strength of bioceramics. Extensive research is being carried out for bone regeneration using nanotechnology. Artificial bone formation is not far from now. Nanotechnology has made many dreams come true. This paper gives comprehensive insights into the history and evolution with changing trends in the use of HA for various regenerative purposes.
Monitoring Metastasis and Cachexia in a Patient with Breast Cancer: A Case Study
Authors: Consul Nikita , Guo Xiaotao , Coker Courtney , Lopez-Pintado Sara , Hibshoosh Hanina , Zhao Binsheng , Kalinsky Kevin , Acharyya Swarnali
Published: September 2016

Cachexia, a wasting syndrome associated with advanced cancer and metastasis, is rarely documented in breast cancer patients. However, the incidence of cachexia in breast cancer is now thought to be largely underestimated. In our case report of a breast cancer patient with bone metastasis monitored during the course of her treatment, we document the development of cachexia by image analysis in relation to her metastatic burden. Elucidation of the link between metastatic burden and cachexia could unveil a highly specific screening process for metastasis, by assessing true muscle mass loss. Our patient was a 49-year-old premenopausal woman, with metastatic invasive ductal breast carcinoma in the vertebral and iliac bones on presentation, which progressed with new metastases to her hips, thigh bones, and vertebrae. In the two-year period, that is between her diagnosis and death, she lost >10% of her baseline weight. During these two years, we retrospectively identified a decrease in paraspinal muscle (PM) at the third lumbar vertebra followed by a sharp decline in weight. The increased tumor burden over time in metastatic sites was accompanied by a decrease in abdominal muscle and visceral and subcutaneous fat and was followed by the patient's demise. The increasing tumor burden in the patient was correlated with the mass of other tissues to determine the tissue that could best serve as a surrogate marker to cachexia and tumor burden. We noted a strong negative correlation between PM area and metastatic tumor area at the third lumbar vertebral level, with PM loss correlating to increasing tumor burden. The monitoring of PM wasting may serve as a marker, and therefore a prognostic factor, for both cachexia and extent of metastatic disease, especially in breast cancer, where metastasis to bone is frequent. Based on our data and review of the literature in this case study, longitudinal monitoring of cachexia in the selected muscle groups can give clinicians early indications of the extent of cachexia in metastatic breast cancer patients.
David Kasner, MD, and the Road to Pars Plana Vitrectomy
Authors: Blodi Christopher F.
Published: September 2016

David Kasner, MD (1927–2001), used his extensive dissections of eye bank eyes and experiences in teaching cataract surgery to resident physicians to realize that excision of vitreous when present in the anterior chamber of eyes undergoing cataract surgery was preferable to prior intraoperative procedures. Noting that eyes tolerated his maneuvers, he then performed planned subtotal open-sky vitrectomies; first on a traumatized eye in 1961, then on two eyes of patients with amyloidosis (1966–1967). The success of these operations was noted by others, most particularly Robert Machemer, MD. Kasner's work directly led to further surgical developments, including closed pars plana vitrectomy.
Healthcare Applications of Smart Watches
Authors: Lu Tsung-Chien , Fu Chia-Ming , Ma Matthew , Fang Cheng-Chung , Turner Anne
Published: September 2016

The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize research studies involving the use of smart watch devices for healthcare.

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was chosen as the systematic review methodology. We searched PubMed, CINAHL Plus, EMBASE, ACM, and IEEE Xplore. In order to include ongoing clinical trials, we also searched ClinicalTrials.gov. Two investigators evaluated the retrieved articles for inclusion. Discrepancies between investigators regarding article inclusion and extracted data were resolved through team discussion.

356 articles were screened and 24 were selected for review. The most common publication venue was in conference proceedings (13, 54%). The majority of studies were published or presented in 2015 (19, 79%). We identified two registered clinical trials underway. A large proportion of the identified studies focused on applications involving health monitoring for the elderly (6, 25%). Five studies focused on patients with Parkinson’s disease and one on cardiac arrest. There were no studies which reported use of usability testing before implementation.

Most of the reviewed studies focused on the chronically ill elderly. There was a lack of detailed description of user-centered design or usability testing before implementation. Based on our review, the most commonly used platform in healthcare research was that of the Android Wear. The clinical application of smart watches as assistive devices deserves further attention.

Smart watches are unobtrusive and easy to wear. While smart watch technology supplied with biosensors has potential to be useful in a variety of healthcare applications, rigorous research with their use in clinical settings is needed.

Citation: Lu T-C, Fu C-M, Ma M H-M, Fang C-C, Turner AM. Healthcare applications of smart watches: A systematic review.
Precipitation susceptibility in marine stratocumulus and shallow cumulus
from airborne measurements
Authors: Jung Eunsil , Albrecht Bruce A. , Sorooshian Armin , Zuidema Paquita , Jonsson Haflidi H.
Published: September 2016

Abstract. Precipitation tends to decrease as aerosol concentration increases in warm marine boundary layer clouds at fixed liquid water path (LWP). The quantitative nature of this relationship is captured using the precipitation susceptibility (So) metric. Previously published works disagree on the qualitative behavior of So in marine low clouds: So decreases monotonically with increasing LWP or cloud depth (H) in stratocumulus clouds (Sc), while it increases and then decreases in shallow cumulus clouds (Cu). This study uses airborne measurements from four field campaigns on Cu and Sc with similar instrument packages and flight maneuvers to examine if and why So behavior varies as a function of cloud type. The findings show that So increases with H and then decreases in both Sc and Cu. Possible reasons for why these results differ from those in previous studies of Sc are discussed.
Atmospheric lifetimes, infrared absorption spectra, radiative forcings and global warming potentials of NF3 and CF3CF2Cl (CFC-115)
Authors: Totterdill Anna , Kovács Tamás , Feng Wuhu , Dhomse Sandip , Smith Christopher J. , Gómez-Martín Juan Carlos , Chipperfield Martyn P. , Forster Piers M. , Plane John M. C.
Published: September 2016

Abstract. Fluorinated compounds such as NF3 and C2F5Cl (CFC-115) are characterised by very large global warming potentials (GWPs), which result from extremely long atmospheric lifetimes and strong infrared absorptions in the atmospheric window. In this study we have experimentally determined the infrared absorption cross sections of NF3 and CFC-115, calculated the radiative forcing and efficiency using two radiative transfer models and identified the effect of clouds and stratospheric adjustment. The infrared cross sections are within 10 % of previous measurements for CFC-115 but are found to be somewhat larger than previous estimates for NF3, leading to a radiative efficiency for NF3 that is 25 % larger than that quoted in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report. A whole atmosphere chemistry–climate model was used to determine the atmospheric lifetimes of NF3 and CFC-115 to be (509 ± 21) years and (492 ± 22) years, respectively. The GWPs for NF3 are estimated to be 15 600, 19 700 and 19 700 over 20, 100 and 500 years, respectively. Similarly, the GWPs for CFC-115 are 6030, 7570 and 7480 over 20, 100 and 500 years, respectively.
Role of CO2, climate and land use in regulating the seasonal amplitude
increase of carbon fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems: a multimodel analysis
Authors: Zhao Fang , Zeng Ning , Asrar Ghassem , Friedlingstein Pierre , Ito Akihiko , Jain Atul , Kalnay Eugenia , Kato Etsushi , Koven Charles D. , Poulter Ben , Rafique Rashid , Sitch Stephen , Shu Shijie , Stocker Beni , Viovy Nicolas , Wiltshire Andy , Zaehle Sonke
Published: September 2016

Abstract. We examined the net terrestrial carbon flux to the atmosphere (FTA) simulated by nine models from the TRENDY dynamic global vegetation model project for its seasonal cycle and amplitude trend during 1961–2012. While some models exhibit similar phase and amplitude compared to atmospheric inversions, with spring drawdown and autumn rebound, others tend to rebound early in summer. The model ensemble mean underestimates the magnitude of the seasonal cycle by 40 % compared to atmospheric inversions. Global FTA amplitude increase (19 ± 8 %) and its decadal variability from the model ensemble are generally consistent with constraints from surface atmosphere observations. However, models disagree on attribution of this long-term amplitude increase, with factorial experiments attributing 83 ± 56 %, −3 ± 74 and 20 ± 30 % to rising CO2, climate change and land use/cover change, respectively. Seven out of the nine models suggest that CO2 fertilization is the strongest control – with the notable exception of VEGAS, which attributes approximately equally to the three factors. Generally, all models display an enhanced seasonality over the boreal region in response to high-latitude warming, but a negative climate contribution from part of the Northern Hemisphere temperate region, and the net result is a divergence over climate change effect. Six of the nine models show that land use/cover change amplifies the seasonal cycle of global FTA: some are due to forest regrowth, while others are caused by crop expansion or agricultural intensification, as revealed by their divergent spatial patterns. We also discovered a moderate cross-model correlation between FTA amplitude increase and increase in land carbon sink (R2 =  0.61). Our results suggest that models can show similar results in some benchmarks with different underlying mechanisms; therefore, the spatial traits of CO2 fertilization, climate change and land use/cover changes are crucial in determining the right mechanisms in seasonal carbon cycle change as well as mean sink change.
Weather, snow, and streamflow data from four western juniper-dominated experimental catchments in southwestern Idaho, USA
Authors: Kormos Patrick R. , Marks Danny G. , Pierson Frederick B. , Williams C. Jason , Hardegree Stuart P. , Boehm Alex R. , Havens Scott C. , Hedrick Andrew , Cram Zane K. , Svejcar Tony J.
Published: September 2016

Abstract. Weather, snow, stream, topographic, and vegetation data are presented from the South Mountain Experimental Catchments. This study site was established in 2007 as a collaborative, long-term research laboratory to address the impacts of western juniper encroachment and woodland treatments in the interior Great Basin region of the western USA. The data provide detailed information on the weather and hydrologic response from four highly instrumented catchments in the late stages of woodland encroachment in a sagebrush steppe landscape. Hourly data from six meteorologic stations and four weirs have been carefully processed, quality checked, and are serially complete. These data are ideal for hydrologic, ecosystem, and biogeochemical modeling. Data presented are publicly available from the USDA National Agricultural Library administered by the Agricultural Research Service (https://data.nal.usda.gov/dataset/data-weather-snow-and-streamflow-data-four-western-juniper-dominated-experimental-catchments, doi:10.15482/USDA.ADC/1254010).
Creative computing with Landlab: an open-source toolkit for building, coupling, and exploring two-dimensional numerical models of Earth-surface dynamics
Authors: Hobley Daniel E. J. , Adams Jordan M. , Nudurupati Sai Siddhartha , Hutton Eric W. H. , Gasparini Nicole M. , Istanbulluoglu Erkan , Tucker Gregory E.
Published: September 2016

Abstract. The ability to model surface processes and to couple them to both subsurface and atmospheric regimes has proven invaluable to research in the Earth and planetary sciences. However, creating a new model typically demands a very large investment of time, and modifying an existing model to address a new problem typically means the new work is constrained to its detriment by model adaptations for a different problem. Landlab is an open-source software framework explicitly designed to accelerate the development of new process models by providing: (1) a set of tools and existing grid structures – including both regular and irregular grids – to make it faster and easier to develop new process components, or numerical implementations of physical processes; (2) a suite of stable, modular, and interoperable process components that can be combined to create an integrated model; and (3) a set of tools for data input, output, manipulation, and visualization. A set of example models built with these components is also provided. Landlab's structure makes it ideal not only for fully developed modelling applications, but also for model prototyping and classroom use. Because of its modular nature, it can also act as a platform for model intercomparison and epistemic uncertainty and sensitivity analyses. Landlab exposes a standardized model interoperability interface, and is able to couple to third party models and software. Landlab also offers tools to allow the creation of cellular automata, and allows native coupling of such models to more traditional continuous differential equation-based modules. We illustrate the principles of component coupling in Landlab using a model of landform evolution, a cellular ecohydrologic model, and a flood-wave routing model.
The Internal Rate of Return Model for Life Insurance Policies
Authors: Dash Mihir
Published: September 2016

Life insurance policies are no longer seen solely as a means of insuring life. Due to many new features introduced by life insurers, they are seen in the new light of serving savings and even investment purposes besides the basic purpose of insuring life. The present study discusses the rates of return given by different types of policies, and the effect of mortality on these rates of return across age, sum assured, and maturity period in each type of policy studied.

The findings indicate that different types of policies give different rates of return and that mortality does have an effect on the rates of return. Endowment plans have higher rate of return with mortality incorporated, while for unit-linked investment plans, the rate of return is higher when it is treated purely as an investment instrument. The study also revealed that the unadjusted and mortality-adjusted rates of return follow a linear relationship that is very similar to the capital asset pricing model. The study opens a further scope of research by extending the methodology to include other relevant risk factors besides mortality, and for different types of policies across companies.
Mobile Assisted Language Learning: Affordances and Limitations of Duolingo
Authors: Finardi Kyria Rebeca , Leao Roberta Gomes , Amorim Gabril Brito
Published: September 2016

This study aimed at analyzing how mobile assisted language learning (MALL) may be used to aid second/foreign language (L2) learning. So as to reach this goal, the Duolingo platform, one of the most popular apps among L2 learners, was analyzed in terms of its possibilities and limitations for L2 learning as perceived by its users. With that aim, a study was carried out with 80 participants, 45 of whom were L2 learners who answered an online survey about their preferences for L2 learning, 25 MALL users and 10 L2 teachers who were interviewed. Data analysis used a mixed methods design with predominantly qualitative data. Results of the study showed that participants recognize the relevance of MALL for L2 learning and think that the Duolingo may aid L2 learning to a certain extent, but agree that a teacher is necessary to foster interaction and the development of production skills in L2. Based on these results the study concluded that L2 teachers should consider using blended approaches combining MALL in traditional classes.
The Influence of Rooting Substrate and Growth Regulators Indol butyric Acid and Naphthalene Acetic Acid in the Number and Length of Adventitious Roots to Hardwood Cuttings in Blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)
Authors: Braha Sabri , Rama Petrit
Published: September 2016

The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of the turf-only substrate and turf–perlite in the ratio 2:1 and of growth regulators in the quality of adventive roots ( the number and length) of well lignified one-year old branches without fruit buds in the Bluecrop cultivar (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) taken at the end of the latent period before budding at the February 15 th during the -2015 growing season. In order to support the increase of the number of roots and their length the hardwood cuttings are treated with different IBA and NAA concentrations (1500, 3000, 4500 ppm), while a part of cuttings were untreated control. The number and the length of roots have increased in relation to the increase of concentration from 1500 to 3000 ppm followed by a decline of these values in concentrations over 3000 ppm. Respectively, the number of roots (8) and the higher values of root length (4.6 cm) are achieved in the turf–perlite substrate, IBA 3000 ppm (compared to the turf-only substrate). The presence of perlite helps the aeration of the substrate and supports biochemical and physiological processes which lead to the inducing of adventive roots. Regarding the number and length of roots an important variation for (p<0.05) was observed between different concentrations of IBA and NAA. In general the effect of IBA was a lot better than the effect of NAA.
Non-Timber Forest Products Trade and Community Livelihoods around Mabira Central Forest Reserve, Uganda
Authors: Tugume Patience , Buyinza Mukadasi , Kakudidi Esezah , Mucunguzi Patrick , Kalema James , Kamatenesi Maud , Namaalwa Justine
Published: September 2016

This paper generates data on the diversity and value of non- timber forest products (NTFPs) traded in markets adjacent to Mabira Central forest reserve. The objective of the study was to evaluate the contribution of NTFPs trade to the livelihoods of traders’ households. Quarterly market surveys and field observations were conducted in eleven markets in 2014. All NTFPs traders were interviewed using semi structured questionnaires. Simple profitability method was used to determine the profit margins of the traded products. The per capita value of NTFPs traded was calculated and was highest for drums ($ 3,101) and lowest for winnowing trays ($3). All products had profit margins above 60%. Income generated from NTFP trade was used to cater for other essential needs in households like payment of school fees, medical treatment, buying food and other household items. NTFP trade has potential of improving the lives of traders through establishment of NTFP enterprises. In order for such enterprises to be successful forest products traded must be harvested sustainably to ensure consistent supply of the products. Multipurpose species like Markhamia lutea, Phoenix reclinata, Raphia farinifera and Calmus sp. should be domesticated to minimize pressure on the forest. Keywords: Market, non-timber forest products, trade, profitability, income, Mabira, livelihood
Current Status and Key Trends in Agricultural Land Holding and Distribution in Punjab, Pakistan: Implications for Food Security
Authors: Naseer Asad
Published: September 2016

The economy of Pakistan is mainly dependent on agriculture which is mainly owned by small farm householders. The rapidly increasing population and stagnant agricultural growth coupled with other economic issues are threatening food security and livelihood of rural population in Pakistan. The main objective of the study was to appraise the change in the agrarian structure in Punjab province and to see the current status and key trends in land holing and distribution. It is done by reviewing of the overtime structural changes in land holdings using inter-census data of 1960-2010 t enabled the present analyses to depict a clear picture of the overtime changes that had come about in the agrarian structure of Punjab. The magnitude of shifts from one period to the other was calculated with the help of Lorenz ratio and Gini coefficient. The study showed disparities in ownership and distribution of land holdings in Punjab. The findings suggested a decrease in inequality in land distribution through effective land reform and distribution. This will help to increase farm income of small-scale and subsistence farming communities to cater for the threatening issues of food insecurity.
POLYTENE CHROMOSOMES OF DIFFERENT SUBFAMILIES OF FAMILY CHIRONOMIDAE, DIPTERA
Authors: Michailova P.
Published: September 2016

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Organização e estruturação em XML das características morfológicas de cromossomos a partir de uma base de imagens para o processo de identificação de cromossomos
Authors: Kurtz Guilherme Chagas , De Oliveira Alessandro Mainardi , Zamberlan Alexandre De Oliveira , Perozzo Reiner Franthesco , Da Silva Ricardo Frohlich
Published: September 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma simplificação, estruturação e organização das informações a respeito das características morfológicas de cromossomos a partir de uma base de imagens, aplicados ao processo de identificação automática de cromossomos humanos. Neste trabalho, foram realizadas pesquisas com o intuito de investigar como funciona o processo de identificação de cromossomos humanos, quais são as principais informações morfológicas utilizadas bem como as opções já existentes e utilizadas por outros autores, analisando suas características e fragilidades. Por fim, são apresentadas duas propostas de estruturação e organização dessas informações utilizando XML Schema e XML.
Uma estratégia para o serviço de cálculo de caminhos em redes definidas por software
Authors: Pacheco Davison Holanda , Ishimori Airton Nobumasa , Farias Fernando Nazareno Nascimento , Abelém Antônio Jorge Gomes
Published: September 2016

O paradigma de redes definidas por software (SDN) está sendo investigado como a solução mais promissora para o atual engessamento da internet, uma vez que propõe a dissociação entre o plano de dados e o plano de controle, proporcionando maior programabilidade às redes de computadores. No entanto, ainda há lacunas em serviços disponíveis nessa arquitetura, dentre as quais se observa o serviço de cálculos de caminhos, que não está evoluindo consideravelmente entre os controladores. Por exemplo, a reserva de recursos, a partir dos requisitos necessários de cada aplicação, permanece como um desafio a ser vencido. Este artigo apresenta uma estratégia de cálculo de caminhos para redes SDN. O objetivo é oferecer um serviço mais flexível no estabelecimento de fluxos OpenFlow, além de possibilitar restrições determinísticas de qualidade vindas das aplicações. A proposta contribui também com uma arquitetura que pode ser aplicada a controladores SDN, um algoritmo de busca, baseado em uma métrica de qualidade de serviço (QoS), e uma análise de desempenho, mostrando que o algoritmo é capaz de minimizar o tempo de busca, processamento e consumo de memória pelo controlador na rede SDN.
Explorando a elasticidade de nuvens IaaS para reconfigurar dinamicamente aplicações n-camadas
Authors: Darolt Devair Dener , De Souza Felipe Rodrigo , Koslovski Guilherme Piegas
Published: September 2016

Com o surgimento das nuvens computacionais dinâmicas, aspectos de gerenciamento relacionados com provisionamento sob demanda, escalável e elástico, tornaram-se realidade para provedores e usuários. Nesse cenário, infraestruturas virtuais são provisionadas para hospedar serviços com elevado número de acessos, explorando a elasticidade oferecida pelos provedores para adaptar os recursos computacionais e de comunicação à carga de trabalho submetida, mantendo a qualidade do serviço hospedado. Usualmente, serviços hospedados na nuvem são decompostos em diversas camadas, sendo cada camada individualmente configurável. Uma reconfiguração pode ser iniciada a partir de um pico de processamento, latência elevada na resposta ao usuário final, entre outros indicadores, variando de acordo com as necessidades da aplicação hospedada. Nesse cenário, o presente trabalho propõe um mecanismo para reconfigurar infraestruturas virtuais elásticas, melhorando a relação entre tempo de resposta de uma aplicação n-camadas e o custo de provisionamento do serviço. O algoritmo utiliza o tempo de processamento das requisições submetidas à aplicação como limiar de elasticidade, aumentando o diminuindo o número de máquinas virtuais alocadas. A implementação e análise da solução foi realizada com o simulador de nuvens computacionais CloudSim. A análise experimental indicou uma diminuição no custo de provisionamento combinado com um menor tempo de resposta quando a aplicação é hospedada em uma infraestrutura elástica.
Simulação computacional aplicada na análise do projeto de um restaurante universitário
Authors: Silvério José Victor , Bachega Stella Jacyszyn , Tavares Dalton Matsuo , Tannús Sílvia Parreira , Moura Ricardo Ribeiro , Carvalho Júnior Sérgio Antônio Ribeiro de
Published: September 2016

O uso da simulação computacional foi impulsionado pelos avanços da computação e sua grande flexibilidade de utilização. Dentre as diversas aplicações, a análise de projetos ganha destaque. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo aplicar a simulação computacional para análise da capacidade de atendimento de um novo restaurante universitário. Para tanto, foram utilizados a abordagem de pesquisa quantitativa e o procedimento de pesquisa experimental, por meio do uso de simulação computacional. Mediante a análise dos resultados do modelo computacional desenvolvido, foi possível compreender o provável funcionamento do sistema estudado, bem como o fluxo das entidades entre os locais de atendimento. Verificou-se que o espaço físico projetado é adequado para o atendimento. No entanto, o processo de atendimento do local caixa deverá ser revisto, pois em horários de maior procura pelo serviço houve grande formação de fila de espera. Este trabalho apresenta contribuições para a área acadêmica e para a área empresarial.
Extensões e caracterizações de buscas para hipergrafos com arestas múltiplas
Authors: Boss Silvio Luiz Bragatto , Donadelli Jair , Guedes André Luiz Pires
Published: September 2016

Busca em grafos é uma das técnicas mais utilizadas para o projeto de algoritmos em grafos. Em tais buscas, a ordem em que os vértices de um grafo são visitados definem uma enumeração nos vértices do grafo e uma caracterização dessas enumerações que, de acordo com a estratégia usada na busca, tem se mostrado importante nas aplicações de algoritmos em grafos. Neste trabalho generalizamos o conceito de busca e as caracterizações, bem conhecidas no caso de grafos, para o caso de hipergrafo.
Previsão de séries temporais financeiras: modelo baseado em redes neurais artificiais
Authors: Thiele Cássio Cristiano , Adami André Gustavo
Published: September 2016

A projeção do comportamento das ações é de fundamental importância para investidores obterem bons retornos financeiros no mercado acionário. A possibilidade de previsão de valores futuros de uma série temporal financeira está baseada em uma das principais premissas da escola de análise técnica de ações: preços futuros são uma repetição de preços passados. Este artigo propõe a criação de um modelo previsor, baseado na combinação de redes neurais artificiais, para prever a tendência de movimentação do preço de um selecionado de ações. Dados históricos e de indicadores de análise técnica foram utilizados como entrada para o sistema, que realiza a previsão de tendência, de alta ou de baixa no preço, para um horizonte de um dia, o próximo dia da série temporal. O sistema previsor final alcançou uma taxa de acerto, que variou entre 55% e 58% para as três ações analisadas. Ao realizar uma simulação de investimento, observou-se que sua utilização possibilitaria a obtenção de lucros de 13% a 24%, no período de um ano. Considerando que as ações analisadas tiveram quedas entre 15% e 30% nesse mesmo período, pode-se dizer que o sistema previsor apresentou um bom desempenho.
Conditional Probabilities of HBV markers among Health Care Workers in Public Hospitals in White Nile State, Sudan; 2013
Authors: Elmukashfi Taha Ahmed , Balla Siham Ahmed , Bashir Abdelgadir Ali , Abdalla Asma Abdelaal , Abu Elgasim Mawahib Ahmed , Swareldahab Zeinab
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND: Health-care workers are having highest probability of being infected with HBV.

OBJECTIVE: To determine conditional probability of sero-prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers among health care workers in White Nile State, Sudan.

METHODS: A cross sectional study design with analytical approach was used.  Three hundred eighty five health care workers were selected randomly. An interview was carried using a pre-tested questionnaire and five ml venous blood samples were consented.  Blood samples were tested for Anti-HB core total, HBsAg and HBeAg. Conditional probabilities of being a carrier and highly infective were calculated regarding departments, occupation of HCWs, marital status and working duration in hospital.

RESULTS: Out of the total study population, 230 (59.7%) were positive for anti-HB core total. Out of 230 HCWs, 62 (27.1%) were positive for HBsAg. Out of 62 HCWs, 29 (46.8%) were positive for HBeAg. In overall, 16% of study population was carriers and 7.5% were highly infective. HCWs in surgical and Obstetrics & gynaecology had 0.50 conditional probability of being carriers and highly infective. Laboratory technicians had 0.64 conditional probability of being carriers and highly infective. HCWs with working duration in hospitals up to 5 years had 0.63 probability of being carriers and highly infective.

CONCLUSION: Prevalence and conditional probabilities of HBV markers among health care worker in White Nile State were high. HCWs in Surgical and Obstetrics & gynaecology, Laboratory technicians and HCWs with working duration up to 5 years are carriers and highly infective. Periodical screening and vaccination of HCWs are recommended.
Study of the Effectiveness of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Self Efficacy and Pain among Children Suffering from Cancer
Authors: Bardideh Kosar , Bardideh Fatemeh , Kakabaraee Keivan
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effectiveness of the cognitive behavioral therapy on pain reduction and the elevation of self efficacy among children who suffer from cancer.

METHOD: The present study adopts a quasi experimental pretest-posttest two group design .The research population consists of all 9-11 year old children with cancer who admitted to Tehran specialized cancer treatment centers in 2015. From those eligible in this study 40 were selected at hand and were randomly divided to two experimental and control groups (20 for experimental group and 20 for control group). Kuris self-efficacy questionnaire and Oucher pain scale were employed for data collection and multivariate and single-variant analyses of covariance have been used for data analysis.

RESULTS: The results showed that the cognitive behavioral therapy has resulted in ease of pain and rise of efficacy among the experimental group (P˂ 0.01).

CONCLUSION: Based on findings it can be deduced that cognitive behavioral therapy has a significant impact on this group of patients and this treatment can be employed as an appropriate solution in order to reduce the symptoms of children with cancer and ultimately to treat cancer.
Effect of Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Selected Spring Wheat Lines
Authors: Pérez Yonaisy Mujica , Charest Christiane , Dalpé Yolande , Séguin Sylvie , Wang Xuelian , Khanizadeh Shahrokh
Published: September 2016

An experiment was performed in a completely randomized split-plot design using five lines of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (AW-774, AC Carberry, HY-162, Major and AAC Scotia) and two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) strains (Rhizoglomus irregulare and Glomus cubense). Two different inoculant forms (solid and liquid) for the G. cubense strain were evaluated. The main plot was AMF, and the subplot was spring wheat lines. Data on heading date, plant height, fresh, and dry biomass, yield, grain quality (chemical composition of the seeds, gluten, and sugar), root structure, and colonization by AMF were collected. The results show a positive effect of inoculation in comparison with the control treatment. The liquid and solid G. cubense inoculants provided better results than inoculation with R. irregulare. Fungus indicators were in agreement with root morphological parameters because of the effect induced by AMF activity. Yield increased significantly in the mycorrhizal treatments.
Land Use Change and Policy in Iowa’s Loess Hills
Authors: Arora Gaurav , Wolter Peter T. , Hennessy David A. , Feng Hongli
Published: September 2016

Land use changes have important implications on ecosystems and society. Detailed identification of the nature of land use changes in any local region is critical for policy design. In this paper, we quantify land use change in Iowa’s Loess Hills ecoregion, which contains much of the state’s remaining prairie grasslands. We employ two distinct panel datasets, the National Resource Inventory data and multi-year Cropland Data Layers, that allow us to characterize spatially-explicit land use change in the region over the period 1982-2010. We analyze land use trends, land use transitions and crop rotations within the ecoregion, and contrast these with county and state-level changes. To better comprehend the underlying land use changes, we evaluate our land use characterizing metrics conditional on soil quality variables such as slope and erodibility. We also consider the role of contemporary agricultural policy and commodity markets to seek explanations for land use changes during the period of our study. Although crop production has expanded on the Loess Hills landform since 2005, much of the expansion in corn acres has been from reduced soybean acreage. We find that out of the total 258 km2 increase in corn acreage during 2005-’10, about 100 km2 transitioned from soybeans. Data also indicate intensifying monoculture with higher percentage of corn plantings for two to four consecutive years during 2000-’10. In addition, crop production is found to have moved away from more heavily sloped land. Cropping does not appear to have increased on lands with higher crop productivity.
Processos de subjetivação no contexto da monocultura de cana-de-açúcar
Authors: Huning Simone Maria , Mariano Rondineli Bezerra , Da Silva Aline Kelly , Nascimento Paulo Dos Santos
Published: September 2016

Este artigo resulta de pesquisa realizada em uma comunidade situada geograficamente na propriedade de uma usina sucroalcooleira do estado de Alagoas, no nordeste do Brasil. O objetivo principal do estudo é discutir os processos de subjetivação de sujeitos que moram e trabalham nesse território. Realizamos entrevistas não-estruturadas com moradores, roda de conversa com trabalhadores da usina, visitas à comunidade e registros em diários de campo. Utilizamos o referencial teórico de Michel Foucault para discutir os processos de subjetivação no contexto em estudo. A pesquisa nos permitiu visibilizar diferentes vetores de subjetivação que constituem a vida no cotidiano da comunidade e compõem as formas de existência desses sujeitos. Destacamos, entre estes, a separação entre o que chamam de vida “na usina” e vida “lá fora”, as relações com o trabalho, a violência e a religião.
Murais de ponta cabeça: reflexões sobre a linguagem e práticas de inversão de sentido
Authors: Gruda Mateus Pranzetti Paul , Justo José Sterza
Published: September 2016

Ao longo de três anos observamos uma experiência de intervenção simples, mas que causou enorme impacto em um campus de uma universidade pública, localizada no interior do Estado de São Paulo. Tal intervenção ocorreu em um dos prédios desse campus. Como se tratava de um prédio com bastante circulação havia vários murais para fixação de cartazes, avisos e outros informes. A intervenção consistiu em inverter o sentido dos cartazes, colocando-os de ponta cabeça. A autoria dessas ações foi mantida sob total sigilo e os resultados foram significativos. Alguns riram, outros perguntavam pelos autores e a maioria, bastante incomodada, indagava sobre o sentido daquilo. Tomando esta intervenção como objeto de análise e reflexão foi possível discutir despotencializações da linguagem, no cotidiano, impingidas por estereotipias e repetições, no processo de significação, bem como, efeitos que rupturas de tais estereotipias geram nas relações sociais e nas produções de subjetividade.
A escola e o adolescente hoje: considerações a partir da psicanálise
Authors: OLIMPIO ELIANA , MARCOS CRISTINA MOREIRA
Published: September 2016

Nas últimas décadas, no Brasil, muito se tem falado sobre dificuldades relacionadas aos adolescentes e à escola. A escola tem sido palco de depredações, manifestação de comportamento hostil entre professores e alunos, o que leva a elevados índices de evasão escolar, baixo rendimento acadêmico, desmotivação para os estudos e outras consequências. O adolescente é chamado a atender a muitas demandas: do corpo em transformação; amorosas e sexuais; acadêmicas; sociais em função dos papéis que se espera que ele ocupe e outras. Por estar em processo de formação, o adolescente pode se apresentar frágil, passando a ser fonte de preocupação. Este artigo busca, através das contribuições da psicanálise, compreender as limitações dos professores, da escola e da sociedade, o contexto em que o adolescente está inserido e as relações que este estabelece com seus pares e com os professores com o objetivo de se pensar estratégias para a educação.
The Impossible Child Scholar: Crafting a Digital Exhibit with the Kerlan’s Melissa Sweet Collection
Authors: Midkiff Emily
Published: September 2016

In this article, I offer my experience with crafting a digital exhibit as one method of increasing children’s access to archived children’s literature materials. In spring 2015, I was enlisted by Lisa Von Drasek, curator of The Kerlan Collection at the University of Minnesota, to select and arrange the archival materials for Melissa Sweet’s award-winning Balloons over Broadway: The True Story of the Puppeteer of Macy’s Parade into a digital exhibit.
INTERIORIDADE E EXTERIORIDADE EM MESTRE ECKHART E JACOB BOEHME
Authors: De Lima Júnior Carlos Bezerra , Maia Renan Pires
Published: September 2016

O presente estudo aborda os conceitos de interioridade e exterioridade ou homem interior e exterior em Mestre Eckhart e Jacob Boehme na intenção de explicitá-los como chaves de compreensão do pensamento de ambos os autores e de aproximação dos mesmos, bem como apontar os dois autores como precursores da tradição filosófica alemã moderna, sobretudo do idealismo alemão. Nota-se que dentro do cristianismo os dois conceitos já aparecem desde a Bíblia, e também no neoplatonismo: tradição recebida por Mestre Eckhart, que influenciou o pensamento de Jacob Boehme. Tais conceitos são paradigmas para a antropologia, ontologia e ética dos dois autores. Interioridade e exterioridade são conceitos que dão abertura filosófica a noções como transcendentalismo e imanentismo, o que justificaria a importância de se entender o pensamento desses dois autores como fundamental para o advento da modernidade.
A CIDADE BIOPOLÍTICA: DISPOSITIVOS DE SEGURANÇA, POPULAÇÃO E HOMO OECONOMICUS
Authors: Barros II João Roberto
Published: September 2016

A cidade teve uma importância econômica crescente durante o desenvolvimento do capitalismo. O objetivo do presente texto é argumentar que o espaço urbano é um foco de análise privilegiado em algumas obras de Michel Foucault. Os pontos a serem abordados são 1) os dispositivos de segurança como tecnologias de governo das condutas, 2) a população como alvo desses dispositivos e 3) a conduta dos cidadãos que é pautada cada vez mais por critérios econômicos, configurando o homo oeconomicus.
Gua Sha, a press-stroke treatment of the skin, boosts the immune response to intradermal vaccination
Authors: Chen Tingting , Liu Ninghua , Liu Jinxuan , Zhang Xiaoying , Huang Zhen , Zang Yuhui , Chen Jiangning , Dong Lei , Zhang Junfeng , Ding Zhi
Published: September 2016

Objective

The skin is an important immunological barrier of the body as well as an optimal route for vaccine administration. Gua Sha, which involves press-stroke treatment of the skin, is an effective folk therapy, widely accepted in East Asia, for various symptoms; however, the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects have not been clarified. We investigated the influence of Gua Sha on the immunological features of the skin.

Methods

Gua Sha was performed on BALB/c mice and the effects were evaluated using anatomical, histological, and cytometric methods as well as cytokine determination locally and systemically. The effect on intradermal vaccination was assessed with antigen-specific subtype antibody responses.

Results

Blood vessel expansion, erythrocyte extravasation, and increased ratios of immune active cells were observed in the skin tissue following the treatment. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were up-regulated, and immunosuppressive cytokines, down-regulated, in the treated and untreated skin and systemic circulation; no obvious variations were detected in case of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, intradermal delivery of a model vaccine following Gua Sha induced about three-fold higher IgG titers with a more Th1-biased antibody subtype profile.

Conclusion

Gua Sha treatment can up-regulate the innate and adaptive immune functions of the skin and boost the response against intradermal antigens. Thus, Gua Sha may serve as a safe, inexpensive, and independent physical adjuvant for intradermal vaccination.