bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An in-situ flow-tube system for direct measurement of N2O5 heterogeneous uptake coefficients in polluted environments
Authors: Wang Weihao , Wang Zhe , Yu Chuan , Xia Men , Peng Xiang , Zhou Yan , Yue Dingli , Ou Yubo , Wang Tao
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The heterogeneous reactivity of dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) on ambient aerosols plays a key role in atmospheric fate of NOx and formation of secondary pollutants. To better understand the reactive uptake of N2O5 on complex ambient aerosols, an in-situ experimental approach to direct measurement of N2O5 uptake coefficient (γN2O5) was developed for application in environments with high, variable ambient precursors. The method utilizes an aerosol flow-tube reactor coupled with an iterative chemical box model to derive γN2O5 from the depletion of synthetically generated N2O5 when mixed with ambient aerosols. Laboratory tests and model simulations were performed to characterize the system and the factors affecting γN2O5, including mean residence time, wall loss variability with RH, and N2O5 formation and titration with high levels of NO/NOx/O3. The overall uncertainty was estimated to be 9 %–17 % at γN2O5 of 0.03 for RH varying from 20 % to 70 %. The results indicate that this flow tube coupled with the iterative model method could be buffered to NO concentrations below 8 ppbv and against air mass fluctuations switching between aerosol and non-aerosol modes. The system was then deployed in the field to test its applicability under conditions of high ambient NO2/O3 and fresh NO emission. The results demonstrate that the iterative model improved the accuracy of γN2O5 calculations under polluted environments, and thus support the further field deployment of the system to study the impacts of heterogeneous N2O5 reactivity on photochemistry and aerosol formation.
Biochemical and structural controls on the decomposition dynamics of boreal upland forest moss tissues
Authors: Philben Michael , Butler Sara , Billings Sharon , Benner Ronald , Edwards Kate , Ziegler Susan
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Mosses contribute an average of 20 % of upland boreal forest net primary productivity and are frequently observed to degrade slowly compared to vascular plants. If this is caused primarily by the chemically complexity of their tissues, moss decomposition could exhibit high temperature sensitivity (measured as Q10) due to high activation energy, which would imply soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks derived from moss remains are especially vulnerable to decomposition with warming. Alternatively, the physical structure of the moss cell wall biochemical matrix could inhibit decomposition, resulting in low decay rates and low temperature sensitivity. We tested these hypotheses by incubating mosses collected from two boreal forests in Newfoundland, Canada, for 959 days at 5 and 18 °C, while monitoring changes in the moss tissue composition using total hydrolysable amino acid (THAA) analysis and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Less than 40 % of C was respired in all incubations, revealing a large pool of apparently recalcitrant C. The decay rate of the labile fraction increased in the warmer treatment, but the total amount of C loss increased only slightly, resulting in low Q10 values (1.23–1.33) compared to L horizon soils collected from the same forests. NMR spectra were dominated by O-alkyl C throughout the experiment, indicating the persistence of potentially labile C. Accumulation of hydroxyproline (derived primarily from plant cell wall proteins) and aromatic C indicates selective preservation of biochemicals associated with the moss cell wall. This was supported by scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the moss tissues, which revealed few changes in the physical structure of the cell wall after incubation. This suggests the moss cell wall matrix protected labile C from microbial decomposition, accounting for the low temperature sensitivity of moss decomposition despite low decay rates. Climate drivers of moss biomass and productivity, therefore, represent a potentially important regulator of boreal forest SOC responses to climate change that needs to be assessed to improve our understanding of carbon-climate feedbacks.
PIC v1.3: comprehensive R package for computing permafrost indices with daily weather observations and atmospheric forcing over the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Luo Lihui , Zhang Zhongqiong , Ma Wei , Yi Shuhua , Zhuang Yanli
Published: June 2018

Abstract. An R package was developed for computing permafrost indices (PIC v1.3) that integrates meteorological observations, gridded
meteorological datasets, soil databases, and field measurements to compute
the factors or indices of permafrost and seasonal frozen soil. At present, 16
temperature- and depth-related indices are integrated into the PIC v1.3 R package
to estimate the possible trends of frozen soil in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
(QTP). These indices include the mean annual air temperature (MAAT), mean
annual ground surface temperature (MAGST), mean annual ground temperature
(MAGT), seasonal thawing–freezing n factor (nt∕nf),
thawing–freezing degree-days for air and the ground surface
(DDTa∕DDTs∕DDFa∕DDFs),
temperature at the top of the permafrost (TTOP), active layer thickness (ALT),
and maximum seasonal freeze depth. PIC v1.3 supports two computational modes,
namely the stations and regional calculations that enable statistical
analysis and intuitive visualization of the time series and spatial
simulations. Datasets of 52 weather stations and a central region of the QTP
were prepared and simulated to evaluate the temporal–spatial trends of
permafrost with the climate. More than 10 statistical methods and a
sequential Mann–Kendall trend test were adopted to evaluate these indices in
stations, and spatial methods were adopted to assess the spatial trends.
Multiple visual methods were used to display the temporal and spatial
variability of the stations and region. Simulation results show extensive
permafrost degradation in the QTP, and the temporal–spatial trends of the
permafrost conditions in the QTP are close to those of previous studies. The
transparency and repeatability of the PIC v1.3 package and its data can be
used and extended to assess the impact of climate change on permafrost.
Monitoring of seasonally variability and movement of suspended sediment concentration along Thiruvananthapuram coast using OLI sensor
Authors: Tripathy Bismay Ranjan , Seenipandi Kaliraj , Sajjad Haroon , Joshi Pawan Kumar , Chaudhary Bhagwan Singh , Kumar Pavan
Published: June 2018

Abstract. In the recent decades hydrologists, geologists, and stream ecologists have shown substantial interest in analyzing suspended sediments in water. Extracting information like suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in coastal waters is very important for assessment and monitoring of coastal settings and their effects on their ecology. This article demonstrates importance of Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) for monitoring seasonal variation in SSC and movement (pre and post monsoon) along Thiruvananthapuram Coast in India. The data was converted into marine reflectance after correcting due atmospheric errors. SSC was extracted using spectral analysis data analysis. Movement of SSC was monitored using wave direction and significant wave height data. The results revealed that the SSC decreased rapidly with the increase in distance from the beach and depth of the seabed. Wave with higher frequency in deeper water caused sparely circulation of sediments and their concentration at the lower depth in high bathymetry. Thus, the suspended sediments were indirectly proportional to bathymetry and distance from the shoreline and directly proportion to wave direction and littoral current at off-shore. High concentration of sediments was found to be accumulated at shallow depth (
The Moderating Effect of Risk Culture in Relationship between Leadership and Enterprise Risk Management Implementation in Malaysia
Authors: Selamat Mohamad Hisyam , Ibrahim Othman
Published: June 2018

The present study is designed to examine the relationship between leadership (board of directors, senior management commitment and chief risk officer) and ERM implementation amongst Malaysian public listed companies (PLC). It is also examining the moderating effect of risk culture on the relationship between leadership and ERM implementation amongst Malaysian PLC. This research adopted quantitative research approach to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire distributed to the PLC via their Risk Management Division. From the 814 listed companies, according to Bursa Malaysia main board directory, 300 were taken as a sample. The primary data collection commenced after the pilot test was completed and the data was analyzed using SPSS Version v.18. From the analysis it is found that senior management commitment and chief risk officer have a significant and positive relationship with the ERM implementation. The hierarchical multiple regressions indicated that risk culture played the moderating role in the relationship between senior management commitment, chief risk officer and ERM implementation. This study provides significant theoretical and practical contributions for the industry, practitioners, researchers and academician, besides providing a framework for ERM implementation in the listed companies in Malaysia. The results of this study could serve as a guide to develop a strategy for audit actions in the assessment of ERM practices to further improve the level of ERM implementation by the intended shareholders as a whole.
Will Restoration of Ecological Functions of Tank Cascade System Contribute to Reduce CKDu in Sri Lanka? A review
Authors: Abeysingha N. S. , Dassanayake K. B. , Weerarathna C. S.
Published: June 2018

People in the dry zone of Sri Lanka where hydraulic civilization once thrived, suffer from occurrence of a chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu). The etiology for CKDu is now shown to be multi factorials and but related to water. Ancient people in the dry zone used surface water of tank cascades system and this system was interlinked with the ecosystem and social system of the area. It is hypothesized that the adverse changes that took place to the ecosystem of the tank cascade system and new commercial practices of agriculture in the CKDu prevalent area have also become reasons for the spreading of CKDu. This review assesses the effect of different components of the tank cascade systems in improving the water quality. A number of studies have reported positive effects of improving the surface water quality of the tank by the Wew Ismaththa (closer catchment), Thaulla (upper peripheral gentle sloping land), Kattakaduwa (Interceptor) Iswetiya or Potawetiya (upstream soil ridges), Godawala (small silt trapping pond). The review also identified functions of Thaulla area approximately similar to a constructed wetland. This review highlights the issues and gaps in our understanding the ecological functioning of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System. It is suggested that reconstruction of ecofriendly structural components of tanks and reestablishment of tank cascade system in the area would help to combat the spreading of CKDu in dry and intermediate zone of the country.
Jon og fortellingen: Meningsskapende samspill i møter mellom et barn og en voksen i en fortellerkontekst
Authors: Olaussen Ingvild Olsen
Published: June 2018

Artikkelen løfter frem perspektiv knyttet til uformelle møter i en fortelling. Gjennom å undersøke hvordan slike samspill kan åpne transformative prosesser for både barn og voksen søker artikkelen å bidra med kunnskap om toddleres kulturelle leseferdighet og muligheter for tilblivelser i uformelle møter for de yngste barna så vel som for voksne. Studien er plassert i et perspektiv der kroppsfenomenologi fra Merleau-Ponty er i dialog med hermeneutikk. Studien er kvalitativ og har en etnografisk, narrativ tilnærming. Det er gjennomført deltagende observasjon. Materialet består av 10 ulike fortellerhendelser som utspiller seg mellom Jon og en voksen forteller, fra Jon er 1 år og 7 måneder frem til han er 3 år og 2 måneder. Relasjonen mellom de to er mor og barn. I meningsforhandlingen i fortellingen utfordres begge til å trå ut av sine perspektiv og følge den andres bevegelser i det som blir til.
English abstract
The article seeks to highlight perspectives related to informal meetings in a story. By examining howsuch meetings can open transformative processes for both children and adults, the article attempts tocontribute knowledge about children’s cultural literacy skills and opportunities for the formationthrough informal meetings for both younger children and adults. The study is placed in a perspectivewhere Merleau-Ponty’s corporal phenomenology is in dialogue with hermeneutics. The study is quali-tative and has an ethnographic, narrative approach. Participatory observation has been used. The material consists of 10 different meetings between Jon and an adult narrator, from the time Jon is 1 yearand 7 months, until he is 3 years and 2 months. The relationship between them is mother and child. Inmeetings in the story, both are challenged to step out of their perspective to follow the movements ofthe other, in what emerges.
Etik i udforskning af små børns leg og aktiviteter i børnehaven
Authors: Sørensen Hanne Værum
Published: June 2018

Som børne- og barndomsforsker er det en selvfølge at man må informere og indhente samtykke fra forældre og pædagoger, når man ønsker at observere børnehavebørn. Desuden må forskeren også sørge for at informere børnene om forskningsprojektets formål og implikationer og indhente deres samtykke til at blive observeret. I artiklen diskuteres de etiske forpligtelser, som forskere har, specielt i forskning med børn, med eksempler fra et studie af børns aktiviteter og leg i børnehaven. Med udgangspunkt i videoobservationer illustreres forskerens balanceren mellem forskerrollen og rollen som ansvarlig voksen i børnehaven.
English abstract
Obviously, all child and childhood researchers are familiar with their obligation to inform and obtain consent from parents and pedagogues, when studying children in kindergarten. In addition, the researcher must also make sure that the children are informed of the purpose and implications of the research project and obtain their consent to be observed. The article discusses the ethical obligations that researchers have, especially in child research, with examples from a study of children’s activities and play in the kindergarten. Based on two observations, the researcher’s balance between the role of a researcher and the role of a responsible adult in the kindergarten is shown.
The Spirit, the Prophets, and the End of the “Johannine Jesus”
Authors: Gorman Michael J.
Published: June 2018

The phrase “the Johannine Jesus” can connote, and effectively create, a Jesus who is inferior to the Synoptic or historical Jesus, charged with lacking compassion, having no interest in the physical realm, and/or lacking the Spirit. This “narrow” Johannine Jesus leads to a “narrow” Johannine Christian. This article posits that such an understanding of Jesus is both theologically problematic and exegetically incorrect. As an investigation of John’s “Spirit Christology,” it argues that the Spirit is powerfully present with Jesus in John, as in the Synoptics—and even in ways not explored in the Synoptics. Four main claims are made. First, as several texts in John indicate explicitly or implicitly, the Spirit remains with Jesus throughout his ministry, from baptism to glorification. Second, the Spirit who is upon/with Jesus is the Spirit promised by the prophets. John contains echoes of Isa 61:1–3, and depicts Jesus the Good Shepherd as fulfilling the spiritual and material promises of Ezek 34. Third, John’s emphasis on the spiritual/metaphorical is not a minimizing or negating of the physical. Rather, as in the prophets and the Synoptics, the spiritual and the physical hang together, implicitly or explicitly as the work of the Spirit. Fourth, at his glorification, Jesus hands over the Spirit to his disciples (19:30) and breathes the Spirit into them (20:22) to continue his Spirit-filled spiritual and material/physical mission. Without ignoring different emphases among the Gospels, we should therefore speak of their unified portrait of the prophetic or Spirit-endued Jesus—or simply Jesus.
Jesus, the Spirit, and the Unforgivable Sin
Authors: Habets Myk
Published: June 2018

In Matt 12:22–32 (and parr.: Mark 3:20–30; Luke 12:8–10), the confrontation between the Pharisees and Jesus reaches fever pitch and Jesus pronounces over them the judgment of the unforgivable sin, namely, blasphemy against the Holy Spirit. This logion has perplexed biblical commentators and theologians alike, as evidenced by the conflicting interpretations of the episode in the literature. Reading this text through the lens of a biblical and Trinitarian Spirit Christology provides a key interpretive paradigm by which to make full sense of this messianic disclosure episode within the Gospel narratives as a whole. The mighty works of Jesus were portals through which the presence of the Spirit might be viewed; they point to who Jesus is and demand a response in light of this revelation. This contribution from Spirit Christology helps to interpret the pericope in a way that takes full account of the response of the Pharisees in the context of messianic disclosure expectations. The blasphemy of the Holy Spirit and the unforgiveable sin logia further reveal the messianic identity of Jesus and as such form an important part of the Gospel witness to Jesus the Christ.
“You Wonder Where the Spirit Went”
Authors: Johnson Andy
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this article is to offer plausible scriptural warrants from Matthew and John for the common theological practice of appropriating the raising of the Son to the distinct mission of the Spirit. The article focuses on the way these two Gospels engage in intertextual conversations with Israel’s Scriptures, providing them a matrix for articulating the relationship between the Son and the Spirit as they depict Jesus’ death, resurrection, and the surrounding events in their narratives. When Matthew’s depiction is read in light of Ezek 37 and John’s depiction is read in light of the creation themes of Gen 1–3, the patterns implicitly present in their narratives suggest that the same Spirit the Son mediates throughout these Gospels and releases/hands over at his death becomes the Father’s agent in raising him from the dead.
Austen's Malleability: Fans, Adaptations, and Value Production
Authors: Peters Nicole
Published: June 2018

Jane Austen's novels are part of an archive that has historically been situated in the tension over the “right” way to read a text. Indeed, her popularity among both recreational and professional readers positions her as a uniquely useful figure to track the divisions between low and high culture, good and bad reading, precisely because her reception is famously linked to both sets of practices. This article reads Austen's complicated reception in terms of the affective relationship her readers impose on the texts in order to highlight the many boundaries and terrains her readers occupy: critical vs. popular ways of reading, affected vs. affecting readerships, historical vs. fictional models for understanding her value. As Austen fans make these boundaries visible by crossing them, straddling them, or dismantling them, they reveal how tenuous and problematic the parameters constraining literary value really are.
Ansiedade infantil antes e após o tratamento endodôntico
Authors: Ramos Daiani Javonowichs , Oliveira Jéssica Caroline Larini , Goettmes Marília Leão , Almeida Luiza Helena
Published: June 2018

Objetivo: avaliar o grau de ansiedade das crianças antes e após o tratamento endodôntico, por meio do teste Venham Picture Teste (VPT) modificado, e a percepção dos responsáveis diante do atendimento dos filhos. Sujeitos e método: trata-se de um estudo observacional, do tipo transversal, em que foram selecionadas 50 crianças entre 4 e 8 anos de idade, atendidas nas disciplinas de estágios supervisionados em Odontopediatria e Ortodontia I e II da Faculdade Avantis, Santa Catarina. As crianças que participaram da pesquisa foram distribuídas em dois grupos: as que passaram por consultas com terapia endodôntica (Grupo A = 25 crianças); e as que passaram por consultas menos invasivas (Grupo B = 25 crianças). O teste VPT foi aplicado em dois momentos: antes e após o atendimento odontológico. Os responsáveis legais pelas crianças também responderam perguntas relacionadas à ansiedade. Resultados: a maioria das crianças apresentou nível baixo de ansiedade antes e após os procedimentos, 84% e 92% para os grupos A e B, respectivamente. A respeito da ansiedade dos responsáveis, a maioria encontrava-se relaxada durante o procedimento do filho. Conclusões: a maioria das crianças apresentou um nível baixo de ansiedade em ambos os grupos e os responsáveis estavam se sentindo relaxados durante o atendimento dos filhos.
O impacto das fraturas dentárias classe IV na vida de crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Shappo Maiara Ester , Mohr Eduardo , Almeida Luiza Helena
Published: June 2018

Objetivo: foi avaliar o impacto da qualidade de vida de crianças e adolescentes com fraturas dentárias classe IV. Sujeitos e método: crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 7 e 14 anos foram entrevistados por meio de um questionário sobre dados sociodemográficos e aspectos do traumatismo alveolodentário. Para avaliação do impacto da condição bucal na qualidade de vida e na autopercepção de saúde, foi aplicada a versão brasileira do questionário Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ): 6-10 nas crianças de 7 a 10 anos de idade e 11-14 nas crianças de 11 e 14 anos. Resultados: participaram 19 crianças com idades entre 11 a 14 anos. Os traumas foram restritos à fratura de tecidos duros (esmalte e dentina) sem exposição pulpar. Quando questionados sobre como bateram o dente, justificaram das seguintes formas: 63,1% (12) em colisão com pessoa ou objeto; 15,7% (3) em queda da própria altura; 5,2% (1) em práticas esportivas; 5,2% (1) em situações de violência; 5,2% (1) em acidente de carro, moto ou bicicleta; e 5,2% (1) em outras circunstâncias. A maioria dos traumas ocorreu na rua (68,4%, 13) e em casa (10,5%, 2). Sobre o aspecto estético antes do tratamento, 42,1% dos entrevistados consideravam seus dentes mais ou menos, 31,5%, ruins, 15,7%, bons, e 10,5%, muito bons. Após o tratamento restaurador, esse mesmo aspecto foi realizado, e as respostas foram: 21% consideravam seus dentes mais ou menos, 5,2%, ruins, 26,3%, bons, e 47,3%, muito bons. Conclusão: crianças e adolescentes que recebem tratamento imediato obtêm resultados favoráveis, minimizando traumas psicológicos e melhorando sua qualidade de vida.
Capacidade inovativa como estratégia de mudança de posicionamento estratégico: um estudo de caso de uma empresa do ramo da refrigeração médica científca
Authors: Do Nascimento Welter Clarice Vepo , Sausen Jorge Oneide , Cappellari Gabriela
Published: June 2018

Este estudo tem por objetivo identificar as tipologias de inovação, a partir do modelo de Wang e Ahmed (2004), desenvolvidas na Biotecno, empresa indústrial que atua no setor de refrigeração médica cientifica, situada em Santa Rosa-RS, no período compreendido entre 2001 a 2016, que determinaram em mudanças de posicionamento estratégico da empresa ao longo do período objeto de análise. Trata-se de estudo de caso único, de natureza exploratória e descritiva e de abordagem qualitativa. Os períodos de mudança estratégica foram analisados mediante as três dimensões da metodologia de Pettigrew, Ferlie e Mckee (1992), contexto, conteúdo e processo, fazendo uso do modo de análise longitudinal e histórico dos procedimentos da direct research (MINTZBERG, 1979). A partir dos dados coletados pode-se classificar a organização em três períodos estratégicos. Os resultados mostraram que no primeiro período a organização apresentou uma inovação de mercado, no segundo período inovação de produto ao nível radical e incremental, bem como inovação estratégica e comportamental e o terceiro período foi constituído novamente por inovação de produto. Em termos de contribuição para os estudos de capacidades inovativas, o presente trabalho considerou uma análise longitudinal dos processos inovativos na organização objeto de estudo. Embora a análise longitudinal tenha sido pautada pela investigação com base na memória dos agentes envolvidos, identifica-se uma tentativa de aprofundamento metodológico nesse campo de investigação.
Palavras chaves: Mudança estratégica, Capacidades dinâmicas, Inovação organizacional
PROPOSTA DE SUBSTITUIÇÃO DO MOTOR DE INDUÇÃO MONOFÁSICO PELO MOTOR DE INDUÇÃO TRIFÁSICO(MIT), NO MEIO RURAL, EMPREGANDO INVERSOR DE FREQUÊNCIA
Authors: De Moura Dalma Lopes , Costa Luis Felipe Brum , Rezek Angelo José Junqueira , Braga Alezandre Viana
Published: June 2018

Pretende-se avaliar a proposta de substituição do motor de indução monofásico(MIM), pelo motor de indução trifásico(MIT), no meio rural, levando-se em consideração os aspectos de menores custos de manutenção e de eficiência energética, implicando em menor consumo de energia elétrica. Obtém-se então desta forma um ganho energético, levando-se em consideração o menor custo de pagamento na conta de energia, pela substituição proposta, bem como ganhos econômicos, também no aspecto de facilidade e simplicidade de manutenção e menor custo deste comparativamente ao MIM. Será necessária a utilização de um inversor de frequência, entrada monofásica, 240[V], tensão disponível no meio rural e saída trifásica, para partida, controle de velocidade e operação em regime permanente do MIT a ser utilizado, em substituição ao MIM. Ressalta-se, por exemplo, que o motor de indução trifásico, comparativamente ao motor monofásico, apresenta as seguintes vantagens: Possui conjugado de partícula próprio, melhor rendimento, menor peso e tamanho, e melhor fator de potência para uma mesma potência, além de exigir menor manutenção. Para uma mesma potência, o MIT em gaiola também é mais barato que o MIM. O MIM e  não tem conjugado de partida próprio sendo portanto o seu sentido de giro dependente deste. Para isto são necessários dispositivos auxiliares de partida, fonte de problemas adicionais e requerendo também maior manutenção Testes experimentais são também  apresentados neste trabalho. Palavras-chave Motor de indução monofásico(MIM), Motor de indução trifásico(MIT), Inversor de frequência, eficiência energética, manutenção de motores.
ANÁLISE DE DESEMPENHO DO SISTEMA FOTOVOLTAICO CONECTADO À REDE DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE ITAJUBÁ – CAMPUS ITABIRA
Authors: Bicalho Marlon S. , Araujo Thiago P. , Cardoso Rafael B.
Published: June 2018

Com o aumento das demandas energéticas e a busca de novas alternativas de geração, visando o desenvolvimento sustentável, a energia solar fotovoltaica vem ganhando destaque no cenário mundial. O desempenho energético de operação de um sistema fotovoltaico não depende somente das características de sua tecnologia, mas também, das características climáticas do local de onde está instalado e da instalação adequada dos equipamentos. Existem vários coeficientes de desempenho energético de sistemas fotovoltaicos utilizados para avaliação, os mais usuais na literatura internacional são YIELD, Performance Ratio e Fator de Capacidade. Nesse sentido, utilizando os coeficientes de desempenho, o presente estudo avalia o sistema fotovoltaico on grid de 10,2 kW de potência instalada na Universidade Federal de Itajubá, na cidade de Itabira-MG. As avaliações demonstraram que o sistema tem operado com baixa eficiência, devido aos efeitos da instalação inadequada, tanto referente à inclinação dos painéis, quanto à orientação dos mesmos, e a possíveis intervenções que podem ocorrer para a realização de outros estudos. Palavras-chaveGeração Solar, Desempenho Energético, Energia Fotovoltaica.
The Old Public Policy of Regional Development: The Case of Fiscal Incentives in Maranhão
Authors: Lima Fernando Silva , Viana Juliana Santos , Silva Dauana De Sousa
Published: June 2018

This article tried to answer the following question: did the fiscal incentives in Maranhão manage to maintain the increase in the number of jobs and stimulate regional development? Therefore, it is justified that the study of fiscal incentives is essential to know if this policy was efficient and effective in the development of the regions of the state. The general objective is to analyze the impact of fiscal incentives in Maranhão on the generation of employment and income between 2008 and 2017. The methodology of this study is bibliographical and field. This study concludes that tax incentives have not been able to maintain the growth of the balance of jobs in the last 4 years analyzed.
The Complimenting Behavior of Iraqi College Students: Same-Gender Study
Authors: Mahmood Jathla , Ali Osamah
Published: June 2018

This study aims at finding out the similarities and differences in complimenting behavior of same-gender Iraqi college students: (male-male, and female-female). Eighty students (40 males, and 40 females) from the Iraqi University participated in the current study. The data is collected by using a questionnaire. The results show that men and women compliment in exactly the same frequencies. Women favor appearance as a compliment topic while men favor ability & skill. Both men and women compliment mainly to strengthen relationships. Being from a city other than Baghdad proved to be an effective factor on some of the results. The results are analyzed, discussed, and compared to the work of previous researchers.
Linguistic Analysis of Selected TV Cartoons and Its Impact on Language Learning
Authors: Lodhi Muhammad Arfan , Ibrar Syeda , Shamim Mahwish , Naz Sumera
Published: June 2018

The new generation is fascinated by the overwhelming exposition of media. Today, media is performing powerful role in the mental growth and emotional development of children. At the very first stage of cognitive development, children copy the words and expressions used in their surroundings. Cartoons and language used in them directly affect cognitive and linguistic development of children. The present study dissects the linguistic patterns and ideologies used in cartoons shown in Pakistani media. It further attempts to overlook the impact of linguistic features of cartoons on language learning propensities of children. The study adopted mixed method research design by following qual-quan approach. The linguistic analysis of the cartoons was done qualitatively whereas its impact on children’s language was measured through quantitative way. 100 students and 100 teachers were selected to determine the sample by applying random sampling technique. Self-developed questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. The collected data shows that cartoons are source of education, entertainment and information for children. Children can improve their language competencies by watching cartoon. However, students were found using many Hindi words in their daily conversation. Linguistic benefits of cartoon language collide with the cultural threats faced by a large number of parents. The findings of the study recommend that children should be shown level oriented and culturally specific cartoons so that students may get maximum linguistic benefits from them.
KEI is dood, lang leve KEI!? Over de invloed van de digitalisering op het denkproces van griffiers en rechters
Authors: van Toor PhD LLM BSc D.A.G.
Published: June 2018

KEI is dood, lang leve KEI!? Over de invloed van de digitalisering op het denkproces van griffiers en rechters

De wetgever zet in de modernisering van het Wetboek van Strafvordering in op het digitaliseren van het strafproces. Volgens de Raad voor de rechtspraak is digitalisering van juridische procedures ‘een onontkoombare ontwikkeling die maatschappelijk zeer gewenst is’. In de discussie over de digitalisering van juridische procedures wordt echter geen aandacht besteed aan het feit dat het ‘denken met handen’ en ‘denken met het hoofd’ geen alternatieve werkwijzen maar complementaire werkwijzen zijn.
Electrochemical behavior of tantalum in potassium hydroxide solutions
Authors: Mickova Irena Ljubomir
Published: June 2018

The electrochemical behavior of tantalum in various concentrations of KOH solutions
 (0.1 M - 10 M), was investigated using the evolution of the open circuit potential in time, cyclic voltammetry and ellipsometric measurements. Depending on KOH concentrations, the open circuit potential measurements have shown three distinct behaviors concerning oxide film formation on the electrode surface and its dissolution. The cyclic voltammetry measurements were performed in various potential ranges, from -1.4 to 8 V, different concentrations of KOH solutions (0.1-10 M) and sweep rates ranging from 0.005 V/s to 1 V/s. In the passive region, very stable passive films were formed, which reduction has not been possible during cathodic polarization even at highly concentrated KOH solutions. In the trans-passive region, the very strong peak at 1.65 V was monitored, which nature and chemical composition is still not well known. 
MOMENTS DE RÉCEPTION EN LECTURE ET EN SPECTATURE : LE CAS D’INCENDIES AU CÉGEP
Authors: Lemieux Amélie
Published: June 2018

La didactique de la lecture est en constante évolution depuis une vingtaine d’années au Québec et intègre progressivement les TICs et les compétences multimodales (Lebrun, Lacelle et Boutin, 2012). D’un point de vue épistémologique, la phénoménologie de la lecture repense le rôle du lecteur à la lumière de ces changements. Cette étude se penche sur les « transactions » (Rosenblatt, 1978) chez des lecteurs du CÉGEP entre les deux formes d’Incendies, soit un texte dramaturgique et une adaptation cinématographique. À partir d’une récente étude sur les réactions esthétiques multimodales d’élèves de 3esecondaire en situation de lecture textuelle (White et Lemieux, sous presse ; Lemieux et Lacelle, 2016) et nous inspirant d’un modèle théorique de la lecture/spectature (Lacelle, 2009, 2012), nous présentons les résultats d’une étude de cas retraçant les moments d’engagement dans l’univers narratif d’Incendiesdans sa forme écrite (monomodale) et filmique (multimodale). Cette étude fournit des pistes conceptuelles et empiriques ainsi que de nouveaux ancrages épistémologiques — en l’occurrence, dans le domaine des arts — pour les recherches à venir dans le domaine de la didactique de la lecture.
UNE APPROCHE MULTIMODALE POUR ACCOMPAGNER LA LECTURE LITTÉRAIRE AU SECONDAIRE : CRÉER DES BANDES-ANNONCES À PARTIR DE BANDES DESSINÉES
Authors: Grégoire Michaël , Ouellet Sébastien
Published: June 2018

Le problème à l’origine de notre recherche est lié à l’utilisation de la bande dessinée en classe de français au secondaire. Même si de récentes recherches démontrent que la bande dessinée constitue une forme littéraire signifiante et stimulante pour les jeunes (Boutin, 2010; Grondin, Boutin, Gendron, Martel et Beaudoin, 2011; Lebrun, 2004), celle-ci est encore le parent pauvre de l’enseignement de la lecture littéraire (Rouvière, 2012). Cette méconnaissance prive souvent les enseignants et les élèves de stratégies pour accompagner la lecture des BD et pour exploiter pleinement son potentiel langagier. Ainsi, il apparait essentiel de proposer de nouveaux dispositifs didactiques inspirés des assises théoriques de la littératie médiatique multimodale, de la lecture littéraire et du sujet lecteur. Nous présentons des résultats tirés d’une séquence didactique dans laquelle les élèves sont amenés à réaliser des bandes-annonces à partir de BD. Notre analyse des productions d’élèves montre que ces derniers se révèlent être des sujets multimodaux qui combinent la lecture, l’écriture, l’illustration, l’image filmée et la musique (Gee, 2008). Cette démarche nous permet également d’observer leur appropriation des œuvres notamment par le biais de leurs interprétations, de leurs transpositions dans des bandes-annonces et des apprentissages qu’ils ont réalisés.
Consolider ses compétences de compréhension en lecture par la BD
Authors: Beaudoin Isabelle , Boutin Jean-François , Martel Virginie , Lemieux Nathalie , Gendron Martin
Published: June 2018

Centrée sur la prévention de l’échec scolaire au primaire, cette étude propose d’analyser les retombées d’une approche multimodale s’appuyant sur l’exploitation d’un corpus de BD dans le cadre d’ateliers de lecture interactive et de formations axées sur le développement de comportements sociaux appropriés. Le présent article ne concerne que le volet lecture. À cet égard, l’approche préconisée mise sur l’enseignement explicite de stratégies de compréhension en lecture par le recours à la BD. L’objectif poursuivi est de vérifier l’effet de cette intervention novatrice sur le développement de la compréhension en lecture de textes narratifs, de la conscience métacognitive des stratégies de lecture et de l’habileté à produire des inférences en situation de lecture de BD. Pour répondre à cet objectif, le devis quasi-expérimental retenu permet de comparer un groupe expérimental de 52 élèves de 6e année ayant été soumis au programme d’intervention proposé (ateliers de lecture interactive de BD et ateliers sur les habiletés sociales) à un groupe contrôle de 47 autres élèves de 6e année n’y ayant pas été exposés. Les résultats quantitatifs des analyses de comparaison de moyennes effectuées ne permettent pas de conclure de façon statistiquement significative à l’effet positif de l’intervention sur les compétences en lecture des élèves. Toutefois, les résultats de certaines analyses complémentaires viennent nuancer ces résultats; un nombre important des élèves ayant pris part aux ateliers (environ 50%) affirment en effet se sentir, au terme de l’expérience, plus habiles en lecture BD, en compréhension de ce qu’ils lisent, en réalisation d’inférences et en utilisation efficace des illustrations.
DE L’INFLUENCE DE LA CULTURE DES ÉCRANS SUR LA LECTURE D’ÉLÈVES EN LYCÉE PROFESSIONNEL
Authors: Lemarchand-Thieurmel Stéphanie
Published: June 2018

La lecture des élèves en difficulté est ici étudiée sous deux aspects. Une enquête menée sur trois ans auprès de deux classes de lycées professionnels bretons donne accès aux lectures personnelles des élèves interrogés afin d’en établir le corpus. Celui-ci permet de mesurer l’impact de la culture des écrans sur leurs choix de livres. Le deuxième aspect questionné est celui de la lecture et de la réception des oeuvres patrimoniales proposées à l’école. En effet, la culture scolaire induit d’autres modes de lecture et des comportements spécifiques face aux livres. Des entretiens avec une douzaine d’élèves permettent de saisir une certaine influence de la culture des écrans sur leur réception des oeuvres et leur résistance à la compréhension des textes. Nous proposons d’examiner quelles sont les conséquences de cette culture des écrans : constitue-t-elle un enrichissement ou bien bloque-t-elle l’accès à la culture « savante » que l’école tente de transmettre ? Nous observons un paradoxe de cette culture de l’image : si elle aide les élèves à comprendre et à apprécier un texte, elle est parfois un frein à l’imaginaire. L’apprentissage de la multilecture littéraire à l’école est donc un enjeu majeur pour conjurer une probable fracture culturelle.
HISTOIRES DE TOUJOURS ET MÉDIAS D’AUJOURD’HUI : QUESTIONS DE HIÉRARCHIE ET DE LÉGITIMITÉ
Authors: PUIDOYEUX Claude
Published: June 2018

Liée à notre espèce fabulatrice, la transmission des histoires de toujours qui innervent le présent, initialement assurée par l’oralité puis, en Occident, par l’écrit et ses interprètes autorisés à l’adresse de ses héritiers, se libère aujourd’hui des coteries pour investir les médias de la modernité en tirant parti de leurs potentialités, avec l’énergie vitale qui la conduisit jadis vers l’écrit où elle fut sanctuarisée.

Cette troisième ère de la culture se déploie en un espace-temps ouvert, le cyberespace, qui englobe jusqu’au public des déshérités à qui elle fait découvrir le plaisir de la lecture comme jeu, jusque-là réservé au seul Lecteur. Le patrimoine, lui-même bousculé par les pratiques de la transfictionnalité, se régénère dans des oeuvres multimodales qui repoussent les frontières de la légitimité culturelle.

La narration transmodale est-elle la forme esthétique d’une ère nouvelle de culture partagée ou bien, compte tenu des enjeux financiers, s’agit-il d’une usurpation, d’une « commercialisation » de l’enfance ? Dans un contexte où les valeurs et les références académiques sont, sinon contestées, au moins passablement chahutées, comment enseigner cette nouvelle littératie sans renoncer à la littérature ou s’enfermer dans de nouveaux académismes ?
UN DISPOSITIF D’APPROCHE MULTIMODALE DE LA LECTURE LITTÉRAIRE
Authors: Cuin Hélène
Published: June 2018

Notre communication concerne la lecture littéraire en classe de seconde au lycée et s’ancre dans le constat d’un rapport problématique des élèves à la lecture littéraire et aux oeuvres patrimoniales. Dans le cadre d’une recherche exploratoire, nous avons fait le choix d’associer et de conjuguer l’actualisation (Citton, 2007) des textes selon une approche multimodale et des activités régulières mettant en jeu le sujet lecteur et avons fait aboutir notre démarche sur la production d’un texte de lecteur (Mazauric, Fourtanier et Langlade, 2011) multimodal. Dans le cadre d’un enseignement ordinaire (une séquence de lecture en seconde consacrée à l’étude de Tartuffe en oeuvre intégrale), comment la production d’une écriture de commentaire sous forme multimodale est-elle susceptible de manifester certaines compétences de lecture littéraire ? Dans cette perspective, nous avons convoqué la notion de lecture littéraire (Dufays, Gemenne et Ledur, 2009) et avons émis l’hypothèse que l’introduction à l’école des pratiques sociales de référence des élèves dominées par la multimodalité (Donnat, 2008 ; Lebrun, Lacelle et Boutin, 2012) serait susceptible de favoriser le rapport à la lecture littéraire et aux oeuvres patrimoniales.

Les premiers résultats semblent confirmer cette hypothèse et ouvrent des pistes sur la question du sujet de lecture spectature (Lacelle, 2009).
Phylotocol: Promoting transparency and overcoming bias in phylogenetics
Authors: DeBiasse Melissa B , Ryan Joseph F
Published: June 2018

Research products that lack transparency and are influenced by confirmation bias lead to barriers that, when left unchecked, propagate throughout the scientific record and lead to wasted research effort. Phylogenetics is particularly vulnerable given its ever-evolving methodology and wide choice of options for conducting analyses. Great strides in transparency have been achieved in clinical research by the implementation of a priori protocols. Here we propose a similar approach—phylotocol—a straightforward, protocol-driven strategy tailored to the needs of phylogenetic studies. We provide a simple template and offer a flexible range of implementation frameworks, including preregistration options. Besides increasing transparency and accountability, phylotocol has the added benefits of improving study design and reproducibility, enhancing collaboration and education, and increasing the likelihood of project completion. The increased transparency afforded by wide adoption of an a priori system like phylotocol would have extensive benefits to science.
Do mice grow normally with an egg-only diet?
Authors: Nishio Naomi , Isobe Ken-ichi , Nishi Hiromi , Atsumi Erika , Asai Hinano , Furusawa Chihiro
Published: June 2018

Chicken egg (egg) is a conventional food that contains every nutrient required for the growth of the chicken embryo. Eggs contain high amounts of important proteins and fat with a very low amount of carbohydrates, and also contain all vitamins and minerals needed for the chick to develop. We took 5-week-old mice and raised them for 6 months consuming an egg-only diet, and examined their health conditions. We found that mice raised on this diet grew to the same weight as mice fed a normal chow diet (ND), and remained healthy until they were 8 months old. As expected, the levels of total ketone bodies and 3-hydroxybutyrate were approximately 3 times higher in the egg-only mice than in the ND mice. Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and free fatty acids in the serum of the egg-only mice were higher than those in the ND mice. Surprisingly, serum glucose levels in the egg-only mice were nearly the same as those of the ND mice at all points. Because of the high amount of fat in the diet (approximately 60% of total calories), we expected that the egg-only mice would develop fatty liver or other metabolic diseases. However, over the 6-month examination period, we observed no pathological changes in the livers of the egg-only mice serologically and histologically. Serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels were normal and no fat droplets were observed in the livers of the egg-only mice.
Computational design of thermostabilizing point mutations for G protein-coupled receptors
Authors: Popov Petr , Peng Yao , Shen Ling , Stevens Raymond C , Cherezov Vadim , Liu Zhi-Jie , Katritch Vsevolod
Published: June 2018

Engineering of GPCR constructs with improved thermostability is a key for successful structural and biochemical studies of this transmembrane protein family, targeted by 40% of all therapeutic drugs. Here we introduce a comprehensive computational approach to effective prediction of stabilizing mutations in GPCRs, named CompoMug, which employs sequence-based analysis, structural information, and a derived machine learning predictor. Tested experimentally on the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor target, CompoMug predictions resulted in 10 new stabilizing mutations, with an apparent thermostability gain ~8.8°C for the best single mutation and ~13°C for a triple mutant. Binding of antagonists confers further stabilization for the triple mutant receptor, with total gains of ~21°C as compared to wild type apo 5-HT2C. The predicted mutations enabled crystallization and structure determination for the 5-HT2C receptor complexes in inactive and active-like states. While CompoMug already shows high 25% hit rate and utility in GPCR structural studies, further improvements are expected with accumulation of structural and mutation data.
Ultra-Rapid serial visual presentation reveals dynamics of feedforward and feedback processes in the ventral visual pathway
Authors: Mohsenzadeh Yalda , Qin Sheng , Cichy Radoslaw M , Pantazis Dimitrios
Published: June 2018

Human visual recognition activates a dense network of overlapping feedforward and recurrent neuronal processes, making it hard to disentangle processing in the feedforward from the feedback direction. Here, we used ultra-rapid serial visual presentation to suppress sustained activity that blurs the boundaries of processing steps, enabling us to resolve two distinct stages of processing with MEG multivariate pattern classification. The first processing stage was the rapid activation cascade of the bottom-up sweep, which terminated early as visual stimuli were presented at progressively faster rates. The second stage was the emergence of categorical information with peak latency that shifted later in time with progressively faster stimulus presentations, indexing time-consuming recurrent processing. Using MEG-fMRI fusion with representational similarity, we localized recurrent signals in early visual cortex. Together, our findings segregated an initial bottom-up sweep from subsequent feedback processing, and revealed the neural signature of increased recurrent processing demands for challenging viewing conditions.