bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shear performance investigation of recycled concrete load-bearing blocks for sustainable masonry
Authors: Liang Shahe , Liu Wenkun , Chen Zhongfan
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Recycled concrete is an economical and environmentally friendly green material. The shear performance of recycled concrete load-bearing masonry is studied, which is great of significance for its promotion and application and also has great significance for the sustainable development of energy materials.

Design/methodology/approach

In total, 30 new load-bearing block masonry samples of self-insulating recycled concrete are subjected to pure shear tests, and 42 samples are tested subjected to shear-compression composite shear tests. According to the axial design compression ratio, the test is separated into seven working conditions (0.1–0.8).

Findings

According to the test results, the recommended formula for the average shear strength along the joint section of recycled concrete block masonry is given, which can be used as a reference for engineering design. The measured shear-compression correlation curves of recycled concrete block masonry are drawn, and the proposed limits of three shear-compression failure characteristics are given. The recommended formula for the average shear strength of masonry under the theory of shear-friction with variable friction coefficient is given, providing a valuable reference for the formulation of relevant specifications and practical engineering design.

Originality/value

Simulated elastoplastic analysis and finite element modeling on the specimens are performed to verify the test results.
Impact of various structural attributes on B2B sustainability positioning
Authors: Gogia Divya , Gupta Sandeep Kumar , Rathi Priya
Published: September 2023

Purpose

In highly competitive environments, sustainability positioning is crucial for firms, as they are evaluated based on their sustainable practices. This study aims to draw on the legitimacy and information asymmetry theories to explore attributes that impact business-to-business (B2B) sustainability positioning in emerging economies, such as India, within the service industry.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a mixed-methods exploratory research design to examine the attributes affecting sustainability positioning. In the first phase of the study, a qualitative research method was used to explore the attributes influencing B2B sustainability positioning. In the second phase, this study used these factors to develop a structural model.

Findings

A variety of attributes was critical in assessing the sustainability positioning of B2B firms. This study identified a number of factors that explain the attributes affecting sustainability positioning in B2B markets. Some of them included environmental consciousness and external assurance.

Originality/value

This study significantly contributes to the theoretical discourse on sustainable practices in B2B businesses in multiple ways. First, it provides empirical data on the relationship between firms’ environmental consciousness and sustainability positioning in the B2B context, thereby adding to and expanding the current literature on this topic. Second, this study investigates the impact of external assurance on B2B firms’ sustainability positioning and shows how it can enhance credibility, transparency and accountability. Finally, it analyzes sustainable positioning in the service sector, specifically in India, thereby contributing to the body of knowledge on this topic.
The identity of information science
Authors: Petras Vivien
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This paper offers a definition of the core of information science, which encompasses most research in the field. The definition provides a unique identity for information science and positions it in the disciplinary universe.

Design/methodology/approach

After motivating the objective, a definition of the core and an explanation of its key aspects are provided. The definition is related to other definitions of information science before controversial discourse aspects are briefly addressed: discipline vs. field, science vs. humanities, library vs. information science and application vs. theory. Interdisciplinarity as an often-assumed foundation of information science is challenged.

Findings

Information science is concerned with how information is manifested across space and time. Information is manifested to facilitate and support the representation, access, documentation and preservation of ideas, activities, or practices, and to enable different types of interactions. Research and professional practice encompass the infrastructures – institutions and technology –and phenomena and practices around manifested information across space and time as its core contribution to the scholarly landscape. Information science collaborates with other disciplines to work on complex information problems that need multi- and interdisciplinary approaches to address them.

Originality/value

The paper argues that new information problems may change the core of the field, but throughout its existence, the discipline has remained quite stable in its central focus, yet proved to be highly adaptive to the tremendous changes in the forms, practices, institutions and technologies around and for manifested information.
Promotion, public policies and decent work: how to foster community cohesion and common vision?
Authors: Podvorica Ganimete , Murati Valon
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate perceptions of the employees on decent work and explore the path how employees, employers, social partners and public policymakers contribute to a united response to the implementation of sustainability dimensions to foster community cohesion and promote common vision.

Design/methodology/approach

The survey was conducted in country of Kosova and aimed to target respondents under employment relationship at the time of the survey administration. Respondents were categorized into two groups: those working in the public sector and the ones working in the private sector. The sample consisted of 580 respondents. Descriptive statistics, reliability measures and Person correlation coefficient were used for data analysis.

Findings

The results showed that strong positive correlation is found between having rights of employees protected and safety at workplace; equal treatment at workplace and receiving a fair pay; the positive impact of social partners and protection of employees; and finally, efforts of government to create conditions for decent work and its active support of decent employment.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research topic is among the first studies in country that has been developed at the Universum International College as one of the constituting research themes deriving from the Institution’s research plan on sustainability. It explains the multiform and multifold ways through which decent work may be promoted as common vision between employees, employers, social partners and public institutions.
Corporate reputation and culture: the link between knowledge management and sustainability
Authors: Arduini Simona , Manzo Martina , Beck Tommaso
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This study aims to analyze how sustainability, through an efficient knowledge management (KM) system, can serve as a driving force with respect to corporate culture and reputation. The research questions that guided this study are mainly the following: Are KM and sustainability related? Can culture strengthen the link between KM and sustainability? Can the link between KM and sustainability be affected by reputation?

Design/methodology/approach

The methodological approach adopted corresponds to qualitative research of analysis on the reference literature in the international field, also supported by empirical analysis.

Findings

In this study, the authors show that there is no explicit correlation between sustainability and KM. This relationship, in fact, is not underlined in nonfinancial reporting because it is absent or because it is not considered relevant. Too often sustainability is reduced to a mere relational and reputational tool, ignoring the fact it must be considered a consequence and not the main goal to improve companies’ culture.

Research limitations/implications

The sample studied by the authors refers to the top 40 companies listed on the Italian market, not allowing to generalize the findings across the international context.

Practical implications

The practical implications that could result from making explicit the relationship between sustainability and KM are multiple: the substantial benefits of the reputational aspect, an increase in the economic value related to sustainability; to ensure the going concern of the company and implement its ability to produce and share value in the long term.

Social implications

The social benefits of a stronger relationship between sustainability and KM are related to the possibility to improve the wealth of all the stakeholders.

Originality/value

This paper analyzes the links between sustainability and KM to understand the influence of these factors on corporate culture and reputation.
Dreaming beyond education policy: a BlackCrit analysis of ESEA and ESSA
Authors: Robinson Robert P. , Bell Jordan
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to analyze the first major federal education policy, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, and the most recent federal policy, the Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015, through a Black critical theory (BlackCrit) lens to understand better how these educational policies have served as antiblack projects. Furthermore, this study locates examples of educational Freedom Dreams in the past and present to imagine new possibilities in Black education.

Design/methodology/approach

By analyzing education policy documents and history through BlackCrit methods, the authors expose how education policy is inherently an antiblack project. Freedom Dreams catalyze possibilities for future education.

Findings

The data confirms that while these policies purport equity and accountability in education, they, in practice, exacerbate antiblackness through inequitably mandated standardized testing, distributed funding and policed schooling.

Originality/value

This paper applies BlackCrit analysis of education policy to reimagine Black educational possibilities.
Global trends in disruptive technological change: social and policy implications for education
Authors: Moravec John W. , Martínez-Bravo María Cristina
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to identify global trends in disruptive technological change and map the social and policy implications, particularly as they relate to the educational ecosystem and main stakeholders across all levels of education.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conducted a two-stage meta-analysis of 1,155 scholarly, peer-reviewed articles. The investigation involves a systematized literature review for data identification and collation adhering to defined selection criteria, and a network analysis to scrutinize data, consolidate information and unveil correlations and patterns from the literature review to produce a set of recommendations.

Findings

The study unveiled educational trends related to disruptive technologies and delineated four principal clusters representing how these technologies are transforming the education ecosystem. Additionally, a series of transversal aspects that reveal a societal vulnerability toward future prospects in the realms of ethics, sustainability, resilience, security, and policy were identified.

Practical implications

The findings spotlight an enlarging chasm between industry (and society at large) and conventional education, where many transformations triggered by disruptive technologies remain absent from teaching and learning systems. The study further offers recommendations and envisions potential scenarios, urging stakeholders to respond based on their positions concerning disruptive technologies.

Originality/value

Expanding from the meta-analysis of pertinent literature, this paper offers four collections of curated resources, four mini case studies and four scenarios for policymakers and local communities to consider, enabling them to plot courses for their optimal futures.
Thank you, Ms. Satterwhite
Authors: López-Robertson Julia
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to celebrate an exceptional PDS (Professional Development School) Leader.

Design/methodology/approach

Due to the subject of the piece, no research methods were necessary for its creation.

Findings

The principal modeled effective leadership.

Originality/value

The piece celebrates an exceptional leader as defined by PDS.
Thematic group activities: accommodating the individual needs of clients undergoing therapeutic community approach in Indonesia
Authors: Sarasvita Riza , Haryanto Haryanto , Isfandari Siti , Raharni Raharni , Jody Yoseph , Hernawati Debby , Baringbing Anzany Tania Dwi Putri , Isnaini Fitri , Octarina Linda
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Therapeutic community (TC) is a primary approach that has been used in all Indonesian National Narcotics Board residential treatment centers since 2012. In TC, all daily activities are strengthened into habits and routines without strong therapeutic or educational reasons. But recently, the TC members become more critical and have growing individual needs. Thus, the Indonesian National Narcotics Board (INNB) tried to combine the TC approach with thematic group activities (TGA) intervention using an integrated individual approach to improve the outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the client’s behavioral changes after undergoing a TC approach added with TGA intervention for two months.

Design/methodology/approach

A mixed-methods study with the pre-post design was applied to 122 participants from six INNB rehabilitation centers. Pre-post behavioral changes were measured by using Client Evaluation of Self Treatment, University Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale, modified-Addiction Severity Index 3.0 and World Health Organization-Quality of Life instruments. Analysis was done by using univariate and bivariate on quantitative data, focus group discussion, and medical record review.

Findings

The participants’ mean age was 30.57 years, majority male, 50% graduated from senior high schools and were employed. Bivariate analysis resulted statistically significant (p-value < 0.05) in tendencies to seek treatment, participate more actively, maintain a good relationship with counselors during the program, and decrease the psychological problems of participants. The client’s social state, as well as adaptation to the program, were also amended.

Originality/value

TGA-added TC approach was proven to improve clients’ behavioral changes, particularly in social functioning, program involvement and psychological conditions, in people with substance use disorders.
Integrons, transposons and IS elements promote diversification of multidrug resistance plasmids and adaptation of their hosts to antibiotic pollutants from pharmaceutical companies
Authors: Shintani Masaki , Vestergaard Gisle , Milaković Milena , Kublik Susanne , Smalla Kornelia , Schloter Michael , Udiković‐Kolić Nikolina
Published: September 2023

Plasmids are important vehicles for the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) among bacteria by conjugation. Here, we determined the complete nucleotide sequences of nine different plasmids previously obtained by exogenous plasmid isolation from river and creek sediments and wastewater from a pharmaceutical company. We identified six IncP/P‐1ε plasmids and single members of IncL, IncN and IncFII‐like plasmids. Genetic structures of the accessory regions of the IncP/P‐1ε plasmids obtained implied that multiple insertions and deletions had occurred, mediated by different transposons and Class 1 integrons with various ARGs. Our study provides compelling evidence that Class 1 integrons, Tn402‐like transposons, Tn3‐like transposons and/or IS26 played important roles in the acquisition of ARGs across all investigated plasmids. Our plasmid sequencing data provide new insights into how these mobile genetic elements could mediate the acquisition and spread of ARGs in environmental bacteria.
Antibacterial properties of peptides from chia (Salvia hispanica L.) applied to pork meat preservation
Authors: León Madrazo Anaí , Segura Campos Maira Rubi
Published: September 2023

Chia‐derived peptides might represent a novel alternative to conventional preservatives in food. Despite the antibacterial potential of these molecules, their food application is still limited. This study aimed to evaluate chia‐derived peptides' antibacterial and antibiofilm potential in food preservation. The peptides YACLKVK, KLKKNL, KLLKKYL, and KKLLKI were synthesized, and their antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella Enteritidis was evaluated through microdilution tests. A bacterial killing kinetic assay determined bacterial growth over time. The ability to prevent and eradicate S. aureus biofilm was assessed by crystal violet staining. The hemolytic and cytotoxic activities were determined in human red blood cells and fibroblasts using free hemoglobin detection and (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assays, respectively. Finally, a microbial challenge was performed on meat samples inoculated with L. monocytogenes and S. Enteritidis to determine their inhibitory effects on pork meat. Results showed the potential antibacterial activity of these peptides, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0.23 to 5.58 mg/mL. Biofilm inhibition percentages were above 40%, and eradication percentages were lower than 20%. In vitro assays in human red blood cells and fibroblasts demonstrated that peptides are not hemolytic or cytotoxic agents. In microbiological challenge testing, KKLLKI showed the most promising antibacterial effects against S. Enteritidis on refrigerated pork meat samples. These findings suggest that chia‐derived peptides have the potential as natural food preservatives due to their antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. Notably, KKLLKI demonstrated promising antibacterial effects against Salmonella spp. on a complex food matrix, such as pork meat.

Practical Application

Chia‐derived peptides can be a safer alternative to synthetic preservatives in the food industry because the latter may be detrimental to human health. Salmonella spp. growth on chilled pork meat was shown to be inhibited by the peptide KKLLKI, indicating that the use of these peptides may offer a more secure and natural alternative to synthetic preservatives.
Increased occurrence of liver and gastrointestinal diseases and anaemia in women with Turner syndrome – a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Viuff Mette Hansen , Stochholm Kirstine , Grønbæk Henning , Berglund Agnethe , Juul Svend , Gravholt Claus Højbjerg
Published: September 2023

Background

Liver and gastrointestinal diseases are frequent in women with Turner syndrome. However, their association with bleeding disorders, anaemia and the impact of hormone replacement therapy is unknown.

Aims

To investigate the risk of liver and gastrointestinal diseases, haemorrhage and anaemia in women with Turner syndrome compared with the female background population, and the long‐term impact of hormone replacement therapy on these conditions.

Methods

One thousand one hundred and fifty‐six women with Turner syndrome diagnosed during 1960‐2014 were identified using the Danish Cytogenetic Central Registry and linked with personal‐level data from the National Patient Registry and the Medication Statistics Registry. Statistics Denmark randomly identified 115 577 age‐matched female controls. Negative binomial regression was used to analyse hospital discharge diagnoses. Medical prescriptions, mortality and the effect of hormone replacement therapy were estimated using stratified Cox regression.

Results

Liver disease increased 13‐fold (IRR 12.9 (95% CI 5.8‐28.8)), due to toxic liver disease (IRR 8.0 (95% CI 1.8‐35.4)), liver insufficiency (IRR 6.7 (95% CI 1.7‐26.9)), fibrosis/cirrhosis (IRR 16.5 (95% CI 2.2‐122.1)) and unspecified liver disease (IRR 10.6 (95% CI 4.4‐25.3)). Furthermore, presence of abnormal liver enzymes increased 12‐fold (IRR 12.4 (95% CI 4.2‐36.6)). The risk of gastrointestinal haemorrhage (IRR 3.4 (95% CI 1.8‐6.2)), anaemia (IRR 3.2 (95% CI 2.0‐5.0)) and coagulation disorders (IRR 2.9 (95% CI 1.1‐7.1)) was increased. However these diagnoses were not associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastrointestinal mortality was increased three‐fold (HR 3.1 (95% CI 1.5‐6.2)), partly due to death by liver disease (HR 3.0 (95% CI 1.1‐8.2)), gastrointestinal haemorrhage (HR 29.6 (95% CI 3.1‐285.1)) and capillary malformations (HR 18.6 (95% CI 4.1‐85.0)). There was no effect of hormone replacement therapy on gastrointestinal risk but a trend towards a beneficial impact on liver diseases.

Conclusions

The risk of being diagnosed with liver disease was higher than previously reported. The occurrence of gastrointestinal haemorrhage and anaemia was increased in Turner syndrome. There was no effect of hormone replacement therapy on gastrointestinal risk but a trend towards a beneficial impact on liver diseases was detected.
Letter: ustekinumab for the treatment of post‐surgical and refractory Crohn's disease
Authors: Tursi Antonio , Mocci Giammarco , Picchio Marcello , Elisei Walter , Maconi Giovanni
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Biemans et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15745
Standardisation of intestinal ultrasound scoring in clinical trials for luminal Crohn’s disease
Authors: Goodsall Thomas M. , Jairath Vipul , Feagan Brian G. , Parker Claire E. , Nguyen Tran M. , Guizzetti Leonardo , Asthana Anil K. , Begun Jakob , Christensen Britt , Friedman Antony B. , Kucharzik Torsten , Lee Andrew , Lewindon Peter J. , Maaser Christian , Novak Kerri L. , Rimola Jordi , Taylor Kirstin M. , Taylor Stuart A. , White Lauren S. , Wilkens Rune , Wilson Stephanie R. , Wright Emily K. , Bryant Robert V. , Ma Christopher
Published: September 2023

Background

Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is a valuable tool for assessment of Crohn’s disease (CD). However, there is no widely accepted luminal disease activity index.

Aims

To identify appropriate IUS protocols, indices, items, and scoring methods for measurement of luminal CD activity and integration of IUS in CD clinical trials.

Methods

An expert international panel of adult and paediatric gastroenterologists (n = 15) and radiologists (n = 3) rated the appropriateness of 120 statements derived from literature review and expert opinion (scale of 1‐9) using modified RAND/UCLA methodology. Median panel scores of 1 to ≤3.5, >3.5 to <6.5 and ≥6.5 to 9 were considered inappropriate, uncertain and appropriate ratings respectively. The statement list and survey results were discussed prior to voting.

Results

A total of 91 statements were rated appropriate with agreement after two rounds of voting. Items considered appropriate measures of disease activity were bowel wall thickness (BWT), vascularity, stratification and mesenteric inflammatory fat. There was uncertainty if any of the existing IUS disease activity indices were appropriate for use in CD clinical trials. Appropriate trial applications for IUS included patient recruitment qualification when diseased segments cannot be adequately assessed by ileocolonoscopy and screening for exclusionary complications. At outcome assessment, remission endpoints including BWT and vascularity, with or without mesenteric inflammatory fat, were considered appropriate. Components of an ideal IUS disease activity index were identified based upon panel discussions.

Conclusions

The panel identified appropriate component items and applications of IUS for CD clinical trials. Empiric evidence, and development and validation of an IUS disease activity index are needed.
Maternal thiopurine metabolism during pregnancy in inflammatory bowel disease and clearance of thiopurine metabolites and outcomes in exposed neonates
Authors: Flanagan Emma , Wright Emily K. , Hardikar Winita , Sparrow Miles P. , Connell William R. , Kamm Michael A. , De Cruz Peter , Brown Steven J. , Thompson Alexander , Greenway Anthea , Westley Ian , Barclay Murray , Ross Alyson L. , Kiburg Katerina V. , Bell Sally J. ,   PICCOLO Study Group
Published: September 2023

Background

Azathioprine and mercaptopurine are considered safe during pregnancy. However, the pharmacokinetic effects of pregnancy on thiopurine metabolism are undefined.

Aims

To characterise thiopurine metabolism in pregnancy and measure infant metabolite levels and outcomes.

Methods

Women with IBD who were taking a thiopurine and pregnant or trying to conceive were recruited. Maternal thiopurine metabolites were measured pre‐conception, in each trimester, at delivery and post‐partum. Infant metabolite levels, full blood examination and liver function testing were performed at birth, and repeated until levels undetectable and haematological and biochemical abnormalities resolved.

Results

Forty patients were included with measurements on at least two occasions, and two with only mother‐baby levels at delivery. The median maternal 6‐TGN level dropped in the second trimester compared with post‐partum (179.0 vs 323.5 pmol/8 × 108 RBCs, P < 0.001) and the median 6‐MMP level increased in the second trimester compared with post‐partum (1103.0 vs 329.5 pmol/8 × 108 RBCs, P < 0.01). At delivery, the median 6‐TGN level was lower in infants (n = 20) than mothers (78.5 vs 217 pmol/8 × 108 RBCs) (P < 0.001). Metabolites were not detected at 6 weeks in any infants. Anaemia was not seen, but thrombocytosis and abnormal liver biochemistry were detected in 80% of infants from 6 weeks, which gradually improved.

Conclusions

6‐TGN levels decrease and 6‐MMP levels increase in the second trimester of pregnancy. Infants are exposed to thiopurine metabolites at low levels with clearance by 6 weeks and no anaemia. The cause of infant thrombocytosis and abnormal liver biochemistry in the absence of metabolites is unclear.
Review article: potassium‐competitive acid blockers for the treatment of acid‐related disorders
Authors: Abdel‐Aziz Yousef , Metz David C. , Howden Colin W.
Published: September 2023

Background

Potassium‐competitive acid blockers (P‐CABs) are a novel group of acid‐suppressing medicines for the management of acid‐related disorders.

Aims

To review published clinical pharmacology studies and clinical trials of P‐CABs.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive literature search including Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library from inception until November 2020, for studies of the clinical pharmacology of P‐CABs and relevant clinical trials of those that are currently licensed or in development.

Results

Most publications concerned vonoprazan, which forms the bulk of this review. It is currently licensed in some Asian and South American countries and is being developed for North America. In clinically relevant doses, P‐CABs have produced more rapid and profound suppression of intragastric acidity than proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Vonoprazan was non‐inferior to lansoprazole in healing erosive oesophagitis (2 randomised controlled trials [RCTs] in 1137 subjects) and superior in maintaining remission (1 RCT; 607 subjects). In 2 RCTs (1120 total subjects), both vonoprazan and tegoprazan were non‐inferior to lansoprazole for healing peptic ulcers. Three RCTs and numerous non‐randomised studies have compared vonoprazan‐based and PPI‐based regimens forHelicobacter pyloriinfection; vonoprazan‐based triple or dual regimens have been highly effective.

Conclusions

P‐CABs have some potential advantages over PPIs. To date, most research has been conducted in Asia; results of clinical trials that are underway in the United States and Europe are anticipated in 2021.
Editorial: how relevant are gastro‐intestinal and liver abnormalities in individuals with Turner syndrome?
Authors: Wright Kathryn V. C. , Cobbold Jeremy F.
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Viuff et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16277
Outcomes after double switching from originator Infliximab to biosimilar CT‐P13 and biosimilar SB2 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a 12‐month prospective cohort study
Authors: Trystram Noémie , Abitbol Vered , Tannoury Jenny , Lecomte Mahaut , Assaraf Julie , Malamut Georgia , Gagnière Charlotte , Barré Amélie , Sobhani Iradj , Chaussade Stanislas , Amiot Aurélien
Published: September 2023

Background

There are few data regarding multiple switching from the originator Infliximab to its biosimilars.

Aim

To assess outcomes and patient perspectives in a prospective manner after double switching from Infliximab to the biosimilars CT‐P13 and SB2.

Methods

A total of 158 consecutive patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) receiving CT‐P13 maintenance therapy were switched to SB2 and followed for 54 weeks. Patients were stratified according to previous switch from the originator Infliximab to CT‐P13 (double switch group) or not (single switch group).

Results

The drug persistence was high (94.9%) after 54 weeks. In total, 17 (10.8%) patients experienced loss of response to SB2, including 10 patients who were managed through dose optimisation and continued treatment. No changes were observed in clinical activity scores, fatigue, biological activity and pharmacokinetical parameters after the switch. The safety profile was in line with the current knowledge of Infliximab. According to the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire, the patients’ perspectives did not change after switching from CT‐P13 to SB2. The primary patient concerns remained after the switch, which were focused on effectiveness and safety rather than on the molecular differences between originator and biosimilars or socioeconomic benefits. There were also no differences in the concerns and beliefs between the double and single switch groups.

Conclusion

Double switching from the originator Infliximab to CT‐P13 and then to SB2 was not associated with an impairment in patient beliefs, while the effectiveness, immunogeniity and safety of anti‐TNF therapy remained stable after 54 weeks of follow‐up.
Editorial: machine learning models for gastric cancer risk prediction—authors' reply
Authors: Leung Wai K. , Lui Thomas K. L.
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Leung et al and Spaander & Kuipers papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16272 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16303
Letter: risk of severe COVID‐19 outcomes associated with inflammatory bowel disease medications—reassuring insights from the United Kingdom PREPARE‐IBD multicentre cohort study
Authors: Lamb Christopher A. , Sebastian Shaji , Kent Alexandra J. , Segal Jonathan P. , Gonzalez Haidee A. , Brookes Matthew J. , Mehta Shameer J. , Subramanian Sreedhar , Bhala Neeraj , Hicks Lucy C. , Conley Thomas E. , Patel Kamal V. , Walker Gareth J. , Kennedy Nicholas A. ,   the PREPARE‐IBD Study Group
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Taxonera et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15804
Letter: enhancing training opportunities for upper GI bleeding in Sheffield—a UK transferable model?
Authors: Adu‐Tei Sebastian , Raju Suneil A. , Marks Lauren J. S. , Daoub Mohamed , Kakkar Nishchay , Bevis Edwin D. A. , Shiha Mohamed G. , Ching Hey‐Long , Thoufeeq Mo , Sanders David S.
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Chaudhary et al and Chaudhary & Stanley papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16170 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16368
Editorial: liver stiffness by magnetic resonance elastography and cardiovascular risk in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease—simply associated or more complicated? Authors' reply
Authors: Park Jung Gil , Jung Jinho , Loomba Rohit
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Park et al and Demirtas & Yilmaz papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16324 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16350
Editorial: standardising inclusion and outcome criteria for pouchitis—a fragile consensus perhaps but a first step in the right direction. Authors' reply
Authors: Sedano Rocio , Ma Christopher , Jairath Vipul
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Sedano et al and Laube & Selinger papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16328 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16341
A longitudinal analysis of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria‐type cells in patients with bone marrow failure: Results of a prospective multi‐centre study in Japan
Authors: Ishiyama Ken , Yonemura Yuji , Kawaguchi Tatsuya , Hosokawa Kohei , Sugimori Chiharu , Ueda Yasutaka , Takamori Hiroyuki , Obara Naoshi , Noji Hideyoshi , Shirasugi Yukari , Ando Kiyoshi , Shichishima Tsutomu , Ninomiya Haruhiko , Chiba Shigeru , Nishimura Jun‐ichi , Kanakura Yuzuru , Nakao Shinji
Published: September 2023

To determine the prevalence and clinical relevance of glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored protein‐deficient (GPI[−]) cell populations (paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria [PNH]‐type cells) in patients with acquired aplastic anaemia (AA) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), we prospectively studied peripheral blood samples of 2402 patients (1075 with AA, 900 with MDS, 144 with PNH, and 283 with other anaemia) using a high‐sensitivity flow cytometry assay in a nationwide multi‐centre observational study. PNH‐type cells were detected in 52.6% of AA and 13.7% of MDS patients. None of the 35 patients with refractory anaemia (RA) with ringed sideroblasts or the 86 patients with RA with excess of blasts carried PNH‐type cells. Among the 317 patients possessing PNH‐type granulocytes, the percentage of PNH‐type granulocytes increased by ≥10% in 47 patients (14.8%), remained unchanged in 240 patients (75.7%), and decreased by ≥10% in 30 patients (9.5%) during 3 years of follow‐up. PNH‐type granulocyte expansion occurred more frequently (27.1%) in the 144 patients who originally carried PNH‐type granulocytes ≥1% than in the 173 patients with PNH‐type granulocytes <1% (4.6%). This study confirmed that PNH‐type cells are undetectable in authentic clonal MDS patients, and the presence of ≥1% PNH‐type granulocytes predicts a higher likelihood of PNH‐type cell expansion than with <1% PNH‐type granulocytes.
Future prospects for backyard skating rinks look bleak in a warming climate
Authors: McLeman Robert , Golian Saeed , Murphy Conor , Robertson Colin
Published: September 2023

Each winter, purpose‐built outdoor skating rinks are constructed in backyards and community parks across much of Canada and the northern United States. Past research projects that warmer winters will make it increasingly difficult to build outdoor rinks without artificial refrigeration. Here we build upon previous studies by mapping areas of North America where present average January temperatures are generally suitable each year for building outdoor rinks, and how this area will change by the 2050s and 2080s. Using projections from downscaled general circulation models, we show how under current emissions pathways, average January temperatures will become too mild by the 2050s to build outdoor rinks across much of eastern North America in most winters, and this area will expand by the 2080s to include most of the western United States. Under high emissions scenarios (RCP 8.5), unsuitably mild January temperatures expand to include densely populated areas of Canada's Prairie provinces by the 2080s. In short, many North Americans who build outdoor rinks every winter will, by mid‐century, be living in areas where temperatures are only cold enough to do so occasionally, creating a range of social, cultural, and health implications for people living in those regions.
Effect of chemical and electrochemical decontamination protocols on single and multiple‐used healing abutments: A comparative analysis of contact surface area, micro‐gap, micro‐leakage, and surface topography
Authors: Kyaw Thiha Tin , Abdou Ahmed , Arunjaroensuk Sirida , Nakata Hidemi , Kanazawa Manabu , Pimkhaokham Atiphan
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Although the combined use of chemical and electrochemical decontamination protocols can completely remove contaminants from the surfaces of one‐time used healing abutments (HAs), their effectiveness in multiple‐used HAs remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of reused HAs frequency on the implant‐HA contact surface area, micro‐gap, microleakage, and surface topography following chemical and combined chemical and electrochemical decontamination protocols.

Methods

Ninety bone level titanium implants were assembled with 90 bone level HAs, in which 80 contaminated HA samples were collected from human participants. The retrieved HAs were randomly divided into two groups according to the cleaning protocol: ultrasonication with 5.25% NaOCl solution for 15 min and steam autoclaving (group I); ultrasonication with 5.25% NaOCl solution for 15 min, followed by electrochemical cleaning and steam autoclaving (group II). The control group (group III) comprised 10 new unused HAs. The cleaning protocol was applied after each insertion as follows: (a) single‐use and cleaning, (b) double‐use and double cleaning cycles, (c) triple‐use and triple cleaning cycles, and (d) more than triple‐use and more than triple cleaning cycles. The contact surface area and micro‐gap were assessed with micro‐computed tomography scanning technique, microleakage test using 2% methylene blue staining, surface morphology with scanning electron microscopy, and surface elemental composition with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis.

Results

Group Id exhibited the smallest contact surface area. The values of the micro‐gap volumes and microleakage were significantly different (p < 0.001) in the descending order of Id > Ic > Ib > IId > Ia, IIa, and III. Morphological evaluation of Groups IIa, IIb, and IIc revealed that residual biological debris was optimally removed without altering their surface properties.

Conclusions

Chemical and electrochemical decontamination protocols are more effective than NaOCl cleaning methods, particularly for multiple consecutive uses with better decontamination levels, which decreases micro‐gap volume and microleakage without surface alterations. Although the use of combined decontamination protocols for the contact surface area at the implant‐HA interface showed comparable results with the control, change in the contact surface area was observed following the NaOCl cleaning methods. Therefore, titanium HA reuse can be considered in multiple times, if they are cleaned and sterilized using combined chemical and electrochemical decontamination protocols.
Evolving regularised random vector functional link by seagull optimisation algorithm for yarn‐dyed fabric colour difference classification
Authors: Qiu Yufeng , Zhou Zhiyu , Zhang Jianxin
Published: September 2023

To address the issue of low precision in classifying the colour differences of yarn‐dyed fabrics and the high cost of manual detection, a colour difference classification method relying on an improved seagull optimisation algorithm (SOA) optimised regularised random vector functional link (RRVFL) model is proposed for dyed fabrics. First, to address the issue of the slow convergence speed of the SOA, the current study optimises the initial SOA group with the marine predators algorithm (MPA) so that it can effectively improve the convergence ability and global optimisation ability of the SOA. Subsequently, the enhanced SOA is applied to fine‐tune the parameters of the RRVFL. Compared with the methods that only optimise weights and bias, the proposed algorithm obtained by optimizing the initial group of SOA through the Marine Predators Algorithm (MSOA)‐RRVFL model in this paper also increases the optimisation of the number of nodes in the hidden layer and regularisation parameters, which also effectively avoids the issue of the low classification accuracy of the RRVFL model due to random related parameters. Finally, by comparing the RRVFL model with other optimisation algorithms, the experimental outcomes demonstrate that the convergence ability of the improved SOA has been improved, and that the average accuracy of colour difference classification by the MSOA‐RRVFL model is as high as 99.79%, and that the classification error fluctuation can be stabilised below 0.2%. In general, the MSOA‐RRVFL model displays an excellent performance in terms of stability and significance.
A cross‐continental conversation about sin and shame with Marcia Blasi and Marit Trelstad
Authors: Blasi Marcia , Trelstad Marit
Published: September 2023

This is a cross‐continental conversation about contextual understandings of sin and shame in the context of women in Latin America and Africa, and students in the United States. Marcia Blasi brings the experience of working with women throughout the world in her role in the Lutheran World Federation, and both authors work in Lutheran and feminist theologies. In particular, this interview highlights how individualized understandings of sin, often focused on morality and behavior, serve to shame women and reinforce notions of inferiority in patriarchal systems. In these systems, women are never doing enough for others and pride in one's self is not allowed. At the same time, social understandings of sin as systematic injustice serve to fight against these ideas of sin and the concomitant production of shame because they contextualize a person's actions within a broader culture and its expectations. The authors here seek to understand what real grace means and feels like for female‐identifying people and how confession of sin would be altered if seen through the lens of women globally.
Gender role reversal: Civilian husbands of U.S. military servicewomen as tied‐migrant workers
Authors: Dowling L. Emily , Jackson Jeffrey B. , Landers Ashley L.
Published: September 2023

Objective

This qualitative study examined the experiences of male spouses of female service members in the U.S. military (civilian husbands of servicewomen) in their positions as tied‐migrant workers.

Background

Employment of civilian husbands of servicewomen is frequently affected when they geographically relocate due to their wives' military service. Because societal norms for husbands as primary breadwinners in marriages persist and the majority of military couples consist of male service members married to female civilian spouses, civilian husbands of servicewomen may experience a gender role reversal in their identities as a spouse and as a provider within their relationships and military culture.

Method

Semistructured interviews were conducted with 22 civilian husbands who experienced at least one geographic relocation due to their wife's military service. Descriptive phenomenological analysis was used to discover the essence of participants' experiences.

Results

Themes around defining masculinity, minority experiences in the military, and nontraditional gender provider roles as tied‐migrant workers emerged. Participants experienced a gender role reversal as tied‐migrant workers and as military spouses, and they had some difficulties integrating into military communities. Participants expanded their masculine identities to include performing traditionally feminine tasks and valuing egalitarianism in their spousal relationships when they experienced barriers to breadwinning.

Conclusion

Findings indicated the importance of emotional support as civilian husbands navigate their masculine identities and relationships both with spouses and as gender minorities in their communities.

Implications

Clinical recommendations for psychotherapists are provided with an emphasis on using emotionally focused therapy with couples consisting of civilian husbands and servicewomen.
Association between migraine and cardiovascular disease mortality: A prospective population‐based cohort study
Authors: Liu Huanxian , Zhang Shuhua , Gong Zihua , Zhao Wei , Lin Xiaoxue , Liu Yingyuan , Wang Shengshu , Yu Shengyuan , Dong Zhao
Published: September 2023

Objective

The study assessed the association between migraine and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in the US population.

Background

Previous studies have drawn different conclusions about the association between migraine and CVD mortality based on different populations; therefore, it is important to explore the relationship between migraine and CVD mortality in the US population.

Methods

This prospective cohort study included 10,644 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004. Participants who reported having severe headache or migraine were classified as having migraine. Mortality data were obtained by linkage of the cohort database to the National Death Index as of December 31, 2019. Based on the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, CVD mortality includes the following disease codes: I00–I09 (acute rheumatic fever and chronic rheumatic heart diseases), I11 (hypertensive heart disease), I13 (hypertensive heart and renal disease), I20–I25 (ischemic heart diseases), I26–I28 (pulmonary embolism and other acute pulmonary heart diseases), I29 (various cardiovascular diseases caused by different reasons), I30–I51 (other forms of heart disease), and I60–I69 (cerebrovascular diseases). Data were analyzed from October to November 2022.

Results

Among 10,644 adults included in the study (mean age, 46.4 [0.3] years, 5430 men [47.4%]), 2106 (20.4%) had migraine. During a median follow‐up period of 201 months, there were 3078 all‐cause deaths and 997 CVD deaths. Compared to individuals without migraine, those with migraine had an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.30 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.62; p = 0.019) for CVD mortality and 1.23 (95% CI, 1.13–1.35; p < 0.001) for all‐cause mortality. In subgroup analyses, migraine was associated with CVD mortality in participants who were women (HR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.06–1.93), aged < 45 years (HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.04–2.76), non‐Hispanic White (HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.09–1.86), those with a body mass index < 30 kg/m2 (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.03–1.78), former or current smokers (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.00–1.85), former or current alcohol drinkers (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.03–1.72), and those without metabolic syndrome (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.01–1.71). The association between migraine and CVD mortality was robust in sensitivity analyses, after excluding participants who died within 2 years of follow‐up (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.05–1.65) or those with a history of cancer at baseline (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.01–1.62).

Conclusions

Migraine was associated with a higher CVD mortality rate in the US population.
From chasing funding to a funding body
Authors: Singh Ravinder
Published: September 2023

In this article, I discuss how my scientific career has evolved, starting in an immunology lab and ending up at the Medical Research Council of the UK.