bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long‐Term Outcomes of Tricuspid Valve Surgery in Patients With Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: Deng Long , Xu Jianping , Tang Yajie , Sun Hansong , Liu Sheng , Song Yunhu
Published: March 2018

Background

Valvuloplasty is generally considered unsuccessful in patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries. Optimal timing of tricuspid valve surgery in these patients is crucial.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively reviewed 57 patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries undergoing tricuspid valve surgery at our institution. Eleven patients had tricuspid valve plasty and 46 had tricuspid valve replacement. Mean duration of follow‐up was 7.4±5.5 years in the group of tricuspid valve plasty and 5.6±3.6 years in the group of tricuspid valve replacement, respectively (
P
=0.33). For the total of 57 patients, estimates of 1‐, 5‐, and 10‐year survival or freedom from transplantation were 96.4%, 91.6%, and 75.6%, respectively. Late right ventricular ejection fraction of most patients (90%) remained preserved (≥40%) during the follow‐up. In a highly selected group of tricuspid valve plasty recipients, although long‐term survival and right ventricular function were similar compared with tricuspid valve replacement, recurrent tricuspid regurgitation was observed in 60% of these patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified preoperative right ventricular end‐diastolic dimension (1‐cm increment; harzard ratio, 3.22;
P
=0.02) as an independent predictor of postoperative mortality or need for transplantation. Patients undergoing surgery with a right ventricular end‐diastolic dimension ≥60 mm had a significant lower survival rate compared with those with a right ventricular end‐diastolic dimension <60 mm (
P
=0.003).

Conclusions

Tricuspid valve surgery in patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries could yield satisfactory long‐term outcomes. Recurrent tricuspid regurgitation was frequently observed in tricuspid valve plasty recipients. Preoperative right ventricular end‐diastolic dimension was a risk factor for late mortality and surgery should be performed before cardiac enlargement and dysfunction for best outcomes.
Recognition, Antiracism & Indigenous Futures: A View from Connecticut
Authors: Den Ouden Amy E.
Published: March 2018

This essay is offered as a tribute to Golden Hill Paugussett Chief Big Eagle and his defiance of the entrenched racism to which his tribal community has been subjected. I situate this analysis in Connecticut in the early 1970s at a moment of particular historical significance in tribal nations' centuries-long struggles to assert their sovereignty, defend reservation lands, and ensure their futures. I analyze how the racialization of Native peoples in Connecticut informed the state's management of “Indian affairs” in this period and argue that the virulent racism of the state's antirecognition policy in the late twentieth century reflects a long history of institutionally embedded racist policies and practices. In this essay, I call for politically engaged, antiracist research that is concerned with understanding the complexities of tribal sovereignty asserted in local contexts in which governmental control of Indian affairs reproduces and validates White-supremacist ideology.
The Story of Indian Health is Complicated by History, Shortages & Bouts of Excellence
Authors: Trahant Mark N.
Published: March 2018

One of the primary goals of the U.S. government's entry into health care was to protect soldiers by isolating tribal populations and inoculating them against infectious disease. When tribes signed the legally binding treaties, the United States promised them doctors, nurses, facilities, and basic health care. Yet this promise has never been fully funded by Congress. The Indian Health Service, which includes tribal and nonprofit health agencies, is tasked with defying gravity, and this has led to a regular cycle of heartbreaking stories about a system that fails American Indian and Alaska Native patients. Yet, at the same time, the Indian health system has achieved remarkable innovation and excellence.
Indigenous Leadership
Authors: Sandefur Gary , Deloria Philip J.
Published: March 2018

A short contextual overview of the past and present opens up a discussion of the challenges surrounding American Indian leadership in the contemporary world and into the future. We survey some of the literature on Native American leadership and consider leadership issues in institutional settings such as academia, tribal governments, pan/inter-Indian organizations, public interest and NGO groups, and global Indigenous structures, suggesting ways in which non-Native organizations can better recognize, respect, and partner with American Indian leaders.
If Indigenous Peoples Stand with the Sciences, Will Scientists Stand with Us?
Authors: Bang Megan , Marin Ananda , Medin Douglas
Published: March 2018

Indigenous sciences are foundationally based in relationships, reciprocity, and responsibilities. These sciences constitute systems of knowledge developed through distinct perspectives on and practices of knowledge creation and decision-making that not only have the right to be pursued on their own terms but may also be vital in solving critical twenty-first-century challenges. “Science” is often treated as if it were a single entity, free of cultural influences and value-neutral in principle. Western science is often seen as instantiating and equivalent to this idealized, yet problematic, view of science. We argue for engagement with multiple perspectives on science in general, and increased engagement with Indigenous sciences in particular. As scholars focused on human learning and development, we share empirical examples of how Indigenous sciences, sometimes in partnership with Western science, have led to new discoveries and insights into human learning and development.
Workers beneath the Floodgates: Low-Wage Import Competition and Workers’ Adjustment
Authors: Utar Hale
Published: March 2018

Using employee-employer matched data, I analyze the impact of a low-wage trade shock on manufacturing workers in a high-wage country, Denmark, and how they adjust to the shock over a decade. I derive causal effects by exploiting the dismantling of the Multifiber Arrangement quotas on products from China upon its WTO accession as a quasi-natural experiment and use within-industry, within-occupation heterogeneity in workers’ exposure to this shock. I find significant negative long-run effects on earnings and employment trajectories and identify job instability in the service sector as a main adjustment friction, concentrated among workers with manufacturing-specific education and occupation. The results establish the importance of specific human capital in trade adjustment and provide evidence of skill upgrading as workers rebuild lost human capital through education.
Demand Learning and Firm Dynamics: Evidence from Exporters
Authors: Berman Nicolas , Rebeyrol Vincent , Vicard Vincent
Published: March 2018

This paper provides direct evidence that learning about demand is an important driver of firms’ dynamics. We present a model of Bayesian learning in which firms are uncertain about idiosyncratic demand in each market and update their beliefs as noisy information arrives. Firms update their beliefs to a given demand shock more, the younger they are. We test and empirically confirm this prediction, using the structure of the model, together with exporter-level data, to identify demand shocks and the firms’ beliefs about future demand. Consistent with theory, we also find the learning process to be weakened in more uncertain environments.
Environmental Engel Curves: Indirect Emissions of Common Air Pollutants
Authors: Levinson Arik , O’Brien James
Published: March 2018

Environmental Engel curves (EECs) describe households’ incomes and the pollution necessary to produce the goods and services they consume. We calculate 29 annual EECs from 1984 to 2012 for point-source air pollutants in the United States, revealing three clear results: EECs slope upward, have income elasticities less than 1, and shift down over time. Even without changes to production techniques, pollution would have declined despite growing incomes. This improvement can be attributed about equally to two trends: household income growth represented by movement along inelastic EECs and economy-wide changes represented by downward shifts in EECs over time.
Virgil’s Aenead in German Verse at the Threshold of the 17th Century (Vergils Aeneis in deutschen Versen an der Wende zum 17. Jahrhundert)
Authors: Frick Julia
Published: March 2018

Thomas Murner’s translation of Virgil’s Aeneid (Strasbourg: Johann Grüninger 1515) was the first into German and remained the only one until a further translation by Johannes Spreng, the Meistersinger from Augsburg, was published posthumously in 1610. The use of rhyming couplets as the epic metre for the German Aeneid until the early 17th century was not only due to the reprints of Murner’s editio princeps, but also to Spreng’s work, the last edition of which was published in 1629. It was only about 40 years later that this formal pattern was superseded by the alexandrine, better suited to the stylistic requirements of baroque poetics.
Johann Engerds (1547–?) Neolatin Epic Poems on Important Noble Families (Johann Engerds (1547–?) neulateinische epische Dichtungen auf bedeutende Adelsfamilien)
Authors: Schaffenrath Florian
Published: March 2018

During the 16th century, Neo-Latin epic poets in Germany strove for protection and patronage by means of their work, just as their precursors in the Italian Quattrocento. An example par excellence of such a poet – who, however, eventually failed – was Johann Engerd (born in 1547), professor for poetics at the university of Ingolstadt. In the following paper, the author presents Engerd’s biography and gives a general overview of his literary production. In a second step, the author discusses in more detail his epic poems which celebrate particular powerful families whose protection Engerd was seeking: the Montfort, the Fugger, and the Madruzzo families. The special focus in our discussion rests on the literary technique and the self-fashioning of the author in his works.
The Commemoration of the Dead and Epic Composition (Totengedenken und epische Gestaltung)
Authors: Wiegand Hermann
Published: March 2018

This paper discusses the image and reception of the Thirty Years Warʼs Catholic military leader Johann T’Serclaes von Tilly in Jesuit Neo-Latin epical poetry of the 17th century, starting with Magni Tillij Parentalia written by Jacobus Balde, a prosimetrical work that came into being immediatly after the ‘heroʼs’ death but was posthumously published in 1678, using epical patterns such as picture descriptions or similia not only in metrical parts of the work, but also in prose fiction. The text shows Tilly as a pillar of the Holy Roman Empire and Catholic faith as well. Affiliated are shorter reflections of further Jesuit Neo-Latin poems such as Bellicum Tillij (1634) by Jacobus Bidermann, Johannes Bisseliusʼ Icaria (1637), and Jacobus Damianus’ Bellum Germanicum (1648).
Critical revision of type material of Stemonitales (Myxogastria) at the Natural History Museum London (BM)
Authors: MORENO G. , CASTILLO A. , THÜS H.
Published: March 2018

For the first time both Light- and Scanning Electron Microscopy are aplied to re-assess diagnostic characters of type specimens for selected Stemonitales kept in the collections of the Natural History Museum London (BM). The results are used to revise published data and the type status is discussed for specimens of Amaurochaete comata G. Lister & Brândză, Comatricha longipila Nann.-Bremek., Comatricha lurida Lister, Comatricha pulchella (C. Bab.) Rostaf., Comatricha suksdorfii Ellis & Everh., Paradiacheopsis rigida (Brândză) Nann.-Bremek., Stemonaria irregularis (Rex) Nann.-Bremek., R. Sharma & Y. Yamam. and Stemonitopsis microspora (Lister) Nann.-Bremek at BM. A lectotype is proposed for Paradiacheopsis rigida (Brândză) Nann.-Bremek.
Two new Mesoamerican species of Harpalyce (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae)
Authors: SÃO-MATEUS WALLACE M. B. , SOUSA MARIO , CARDOSO DOMINGOS , QUEIROZ LUCIANO PAGANUCCI DE
Published: March 2018

Two new Mesoamerican species of the papilionoid legume genus Harpalyce are described and illustrated. Harpalyce torresii São-Mateus & M. Sousa occurs in Belize and Mexico, whereas Harpalyce yucatanense Miranda ex São-Mateus & M. Sousa seems to be narrowly endemic to the Yucatan Peninsula. The discovery of these two new species highlights the diversity of Harpalyce in Mesoamerica.
Cyathea leoniae (Cyatheaceae), a new pinnate-pinnatifid tree fern species from Northern Peru
Authors: ACUÑA-TARAZONA MARGOTH , HUAMÁN-MELO ELLUZ , TOLEDO-ACEVES TARIN , MEHLTRETER KLAUS
Published: March 2018

The new tree fern species Cyathea leoniae from Northern Peru is described, illustrated and differential characteristics from most similar species are provided.
Aster lingii, a new name for Rhinactinidia limoniifolia (Astereae, Asteraceae)
Authors: ZHANG GUO-JIN , NIE BAO , GAO TIAN-GANG
Published: March 2018

Aster Linnaeus (1753: 872) is a large genus of the tribe Astereae, containing ca. 180 species (Nesom 1994). This genus is mainly distributed in Eurasia, with only one species reaching North America (Nesom 1994, Chen et al. 2011). Aster is characterized by its purple or white ray florets and lanceolate style branches (Ling et al. 1985, Nesom 1994, Chen et al. 2011). Previous taxonomists separated many small genera from Aster based on the floret’s characters, such as Kalimeris (Cass.) Cassini (1829: 464), Heteropappus Lessing (1832: 189), and Miyamayomena Kitamura (1982: 409). But recently, many of these segregated genera were suggested to be placed back into Aster based on the phylogenetic evidence (Ito et al. 1995, Li et al. 2012, Jafari et al. 2015, Korolyuk et al. 2015).
Ophiocordyceps neonutans sp. nov., a new neotropical species from O. nutans complex (Ophiocordycipitaceae, Ascomycota)
Authors: FRIEDRICH RAQUEL C. S. , SHRESTHA BHUSHAN , SALVADOR-MONTOYA CARLOS A. , TOMÉ LUIZ M. R. , RECK MATEUS A. , GÓES-NETO ARISTÓTELES , DRECHSLER-SANTOS ELISANDRO R.
Published: March 2018

Ophiocordyceps nutans is an entomogenous fungus growing on true bugs (Hemiptera), which has a presumed worldwide distribution. During forays of entomogenous fungi in Brazil, specimens morphologically similar to O. nutans were collected from the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado domains of Neotropical region. Morphological comparisons, as well as molecular phylogenetic analyses using ITS, led us to conclude that the neotropical specimens represent a new species Ophiocordyceps neonutans. The Neotropical occurrence of this taxon and its taxonomic implications are re-evaluated here. We discuss O. nutans as a species complex with distinct geographic lineages and host specificity. In addition, Barcoding gap analysis suggests that the different lineages have a great genetic distance between them.
Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. III. Selaginellaceae
Authors: SMITH ALAN R. , KESSLER MICHAEL
Published: March 2018

We provide a synopsis to the lycophyte family Selaginellaceae in Bolivia. The single genus in the family, Selaginella, comprises 36 known species in Bolivia, of perhaps 200+ in the Neotropics. Five species are known only from Bolivia (S. alampeta, S. angustifolia, S. bryophila, S. glossophylla, and S. solomonii), and several others are poorly represented in collections, indicating a need for further studies and additional collections.
Onosma dolichoutum W.T.Wang (Boraginaceae), a new synonym of O. bracteatum Wall.
Authors: HE YI , HAO JIA-CHEN , LIU QUAN-RU
Published: March 2018

Examination of specimens and literatures show that Onosma dolichoutum W.T.Wang, described from Jilong County in southern Xizang, China, matches perfectly the type of O. bracteatum Wall., a common species distributed in subalpine and alpine zones in Western Himalaya. Therefore, we place the former in synonym of the latter. We also designate the lectotype for O. bracteatum. This species is a new record for China.
Updated catalogue of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) in Iran
Authors: ENAYATNIA MASOUMEH , RAKHSHANI EHSAN , KROUPA ALEXANDER S. , SCHMID-EGGER CHRISTIAN
Published: March 2018

An updated list of the Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran is presented. This catalogue contains species records that were published in a 128 years period from 1888 to 2016. In all, 162 species belonging to 41 genera and three subfamilies are recorded in Iran. The available data on distribution of each species in Iran (provinces), as well as the valid names, are also provided. Most of the species were recorded from the northern provinces followed by Fars and Sistan-o Baluchestan provinces in the South Central and South eastern parts of the country.
A new water mite species from a karstic cavern in southwestern Anatolia: Acherontacarus burduricus n. sp. (Acari, Hydrachnidia)
Authors: GÜLLE PINAR , BOYACI YUNUS ÖMER , GÜLLE İSKENDER
Published: March 2018

A new species of Acherontacarus (Acari, Hydrachnidia), Acherontacarus burduricus n. sp., is described from interstitial waters of a small karstic cavern, in Burdur province (southwestern Anatolia). This is the third record of the genus from Turkey.
Lost and found: Alopecosa krynickii (Araneae: Lycosidae) in the Crimea
Authors: NADOLNY ANTON A.
Published: March 2018

The wolf spider genus Alopecosa Simon, 1885 contains 152 species (WSC 2017), 30 of which are poorly described. Alopecosa krynickii (Thorell, 1875) is one of the least known European species of wolf spiders, of which the single male was collected in November, 1860 (Logunov 2013a: fig. 3). The original description of the species was made by Thorell (1875a, b), without illustrations. Since then no studies on A. krynickii based on new material have been published. Recently, Logunov (2013a) redescribed this species on the basis of its holotype. This redescription allowed me to identify A. krynickii from newly collected material from the Crimea. The aim of the present paper is to redescribe the rare species Alopecosa krynickii, based on both sexes and to describe the female for the first time.
Two new species of Neonella Gertsch, 1936 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Authors: SALGADO ALEXANDRE , RUIZ GUSTAVO R.S.
Published: March 2018

Two new species of Neonella Gertsch, 1936 from Brazil are described: N. gyrinus sp. nov. (♂) from Caseara, state of Tocantins, and N. choanocytica sp. nov. (♂♀) from Piracuruca, state of Piauí. Since N. choanocytica is one of the smallest species of jumping spiders, detailed description of its tarsal tuft and spinnerets is given for future comparison. New records of N. salafraria Ruiz and Brescovit, 2004 are provided.
Description and notes on natural history of a new species of Parosus Sharp, 1887 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Oxytelinae) living in floral bracts of Columnea medicinalis L. (Gesneriaceae)
Authors: LÓPEZ-GARCÍA MARGARITA M. , MARÍN-GÓMEZ OSCAR H.
Published: March 2018

A new species of the recently revised genus Parosus is described, P. amayae López-García & Marín-Gómez sp. nov., from adult and larval specimens collected in bracts of Columnea medicinalis in the Natural Reserve Río Ñambí (Southwestern Colombia). Observations on the interaction with the plant, subsocial behavior, and population density are presented and discussed. Adults and larvae apparently live together and feed on eggs and larvae of flies that develop inside the decomposing fruits of C. medicinalis. The new species is illustrated by color habitus photos, as well as its L1 and L3 larvae, male and female genitalia are depicted by line drawings.
Three new species of Elachistidae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea) from India
Authors: SRUOGA VIRGINIJUS , ROCIENĖ AGNĖ
Published: March 2018

Three new species of Elachistidae: Elachistinae from northern India are described: Elachista arcuata sp. nov., Urodeta jurateae sp. nov., and U. pectena sp. nov. The new species are diagnosed and illustrated with photographs of the adults and genitalia.
Rossby Wave Initiation by Recurving Tropical Cyclones in the Western North Pacific
Authors: Riboldi Jacopo , Röthlisberger Matthias , Grams Christian M.
Published: March 2018

The interaction of recurving tropical cyclones (TCs) with midlatitude Rossby waves during extratropical transition (ET) can significantly alter the midlatitude flow configuration. This study provides a climatological investigation of Rossby wave initiation (RWI) by transitioning TCs in the specific configuration of an initially zonal midlatitude waveguide and elucidates physical processes governing ab initio flow amplification during ET. Recurving TCs interacting with a zonally oriented waveguide in the western North Pacific (WNP) basin from 1979 to 2013 are categorized into cases initiating Rossby waves (TC-RWI) or not (TC-noRWI). Interactions with a zonally oriented waveguide occurred for 22.7% of the recurving TCs, and one-third of these resulted in TC-RWI. In the presence of a TC, the probability of RWI on a zonally oriented waveguide is 3 times larger than in situations without a TC. The occurrence of TC-RWI exhibits a seasonality and is relatively more common during boreal summer than in autumn. We further reveal that a strong preexisting upper-level jet stream, embedded in a deformative large-scale flow pattern, hinders TC-RWI as air from the diabatic outflow of the TC is rapidly advected downstream and does not lead to strong ridge building. In contrast, an enhanced monsoon trough favors TC-RWI as the poleward moisture transport strengthens diabatic outflow and leads to strong ridge building during ET. Thus, we conclude that TC-related ab initio flow amplification over the WNP is governed by characteristics of the large-scale flow more so than by characteristics of the recurving TC.
Werner Schroeter e Vincent Monnikendam: Il sangue di Napoli da una prospettiva straniera tra tradizione e internazionalismo
Authors: Rotondi Armando
Published: March 2018

Scopo del contributo è analizzare le differente immagini e “anime” di Napoli così come ritratte da due registi stranieri, il tedesco Werner Schroeter e il documentarista olandese Vincent Monnikendam, che hanno dedicato al “sangue di Napoli” due tra i loro lavori più importanti e celebri. In Neapolitanische Geschwister (1978), Schroeter crea una interessante saga familiare che va dal 1942 sino agli anni ’70, mescolando folklore napoletano, realismo, espressionismo ed elementi ella grande tradizione teatrale napoletana (come Raffaele Viviani), ma anche Bertolt Brecht, e una poetica tipica della produzione di Schroeter. In tempi relativamente più recenti, Vincent Monnikendam, nel documentario Zielen van Napels (2005), è interessato invece alle differenti anime della città e dei suoi cittadini, prendendo le mosse—nella sua descrizione—da suggestioni musicali e dall’arte di Caravaggio. Le immagini di Napoli dipinte dai due registi sono, allo stesso tempo, legate alla tradizione—ma vista da occhi esterni—in una prospettiva internazionale, lontana dalla visione oleografica e stereotipata della città.
La promenade literature napoletana di Silvio Perrella tra ricordi letterari, voyance e fiaba
Authors: Rotondi Armando
Published: March 2018

Il contributo si focalizza sulla figura intellettuale di Silvio Perrella, scrittore palermitano di nascita, ma trasferitosi a Napoli nel 1973, che rappresenta un unicum nella scena letteraria napoletana odierna. In opposizione ad un contesto contemporaneo caratterizzato fortemente dalla letteratura di genere, Perrella dà vita a una narrazione post-moderna e anti-narrativa in cui si mescolano situazioni reali del suo vissuto, ricordi intellettuali e sezioni saggistiche, con al centro il rapporto spaziale e temporale con la città di Napoli. Nei suoi volumi Giùnapoli e Doppio scatto, così come nelle fiabe urbane L’Aleph di Napoli, L’alfabeto del mare e L’ombra della Gaiola, Perrella si muove in quella che si potrebbe definire una “promenade literature”, creando connessioni tra le differenti realtà di Napoli—caratterizzata dall’alto e dal basso—attraverso influenze che vanno da Jorge Luis Borges sino a Italo Calvino e Gilles Deleuze.
Analysis and Compensation of Equivalent Diameter Error of Articulated Arm Coordinate Measuring Machine
Authors: Luo Zai , Liu Hui , Li Dong , Tian Kun
Published: March 2018

As a key part of the articulated arm coordinate measuring machine, the probe can determine the measurement accuracy. Therefore, the error source and influencing factors of the equivalent diameter of the probe are studied. First, the influence of the primary factor of the measuring force on the equivalent diameter of the probe is studied by analyzing the influence degree of its error source. Second, a mathematical model of the relationship between the equivalent diameter and the measuring force of the articulated arm coordinate measuring machine is built to compensate for the equivalent diameter error caused by the measuring force by the simulated annealing method. To illustrate the application advantage of our proposed study, a simple force-measuring device is designed based on this model. The experimental result shows that the maximum error reduction is approximately 43 µm, while the average error reduction ranges from 33 to 4.0 µm, which represents an 87.7% improvement. Overall, our proposed method can effectively compensate for the equivalent diameter error caused by the measuring force. This method can improve the accuracy of the articulated arm coordinate measuring machines on both calibration and measurement.
Collective taxis in 1930s Paris: A contribution to an archaeology of ‘uberization’
Authors: Flonneau Mathieu
Published: March 2018

The recent ‘uberization’ of Paris taxis has brought major, long-standing issues back to the surface: A historic analysis of how the Paris taxi system has functioned over the last century offers a clear explanation of why it is difficult to hail a taxi in the middle of the street, as opposed to New York for example. Paris taxis, which have been the subject of never-ending discussion, were associated during their early years with a heroic Great War mythology, and were connected to the Parisian car industry’s beginnings. Collective use of taxis existed in the 1930s; however, these services disappeared as a result of severe monopolistic regulation. Using different sources, this paper aims to define why and how collective taxis grew and failed in 1930s Paris.
Simulation-based optimization for urban transportation demand management strategy
Authors: Yao Baozhen , Yan Qianqian , Chen Qian , Tian Zhihui , Zhu Xuefeng
Published: March 2018

Transportation demand management (TDM) is one of the important methods for solving the problem of increasingly severe urban traffic congestion. This paper proposes a bi-level model to optimize urban TDM strategies based on simulation. The upper level is the TDM strategy optimization model, searching for the optimal TDM strategy. The lower level is a traffic assignment model based on the simulation, assigning traffic flow to multimodal transport networks according to the candidate TDM strategies. A heuristic algorithm is also defined and implemented to optimize TDM strategies. Based on VISSIM simulation, the optimization for TDM strategies proposed in this paper is validated with the research area of Harbor Square–San Ba Square–Er Qi Square in Dalian in China. The results show that the optimization of urban TDM strategies can effectively alleviate urban traffic congestion. It provides a scientific decision basis for urban TDM policy.
Occurrence mode of selected elements of coal in the Ordos Basin
Authors: Wang Junyan , Xiao Lin , Li Ping , Arbuzov SI , Ding Shuli
Published: March 2018

High concentrations of Al, Li, Ga, rare earth elements and yttrium, U and Ba in the Ordos Basin have been reported separately by lots of authors. These elements have even formed coal-associated deposits in some coalfields. The purpose of this review paper is to summarize their accumulation mechanisms and set up a mode of occurrence of these elements in the entire Ordos Basin. The Al and rare elements show different patterns of distribution and affinity relationships with organic and inorganic matter. The strong peraluminous granites and moyite from the Yinshan Oldland and Lüliang Peninsula may be the main source of the Al and rare elements in the coals. The carriers of barium are witherite and strontianite, both of which are of epigenetic origin. It is inferred that the barium was originated from the Ba-ore deposits in the black shales in the Qinling Mountains, located to the south of the Ordos Basin. Uranium deposits occur near the margin of the basin and are mainly hosted in sandstones of the Jurassic.
‘I Am Spartacus’: individualising visual media and warfare
Authors: Mann Daniel
Published: March 2018

The constant presence of cameras and social media has become a given during day-to-day military activities in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories. Such technologies shift the focus of warfare onto the individual, and in particular onto the faces of soldiers and Palestinians caught on camera. Due to the habitual use of mobile phones and social media by both soldiers and civilians, the face is singled out as a new battleground, where political action is substituted for individual responsibility. On one hand, the co-option of personal social media into armed conflict enables state actors to zero in on the faces and identities of Palestinian dissidents and alleged terrorists. On the other hand, the faces of Israeli soldiers are also captured and circulated on social media as digital images, posing a new threat to state authority, which depends on remaining faceless. Images of IDF soldiers’ faces, once recorded and shared, figuratively strip off the improvised masks they often wear to hide their identity and preserve their impunity. In Israel and Palestine, where everyday social media habits have become inseparable from routines of security and armed conflict, the image of a soldier’s face individualises his or her actions and demands accountability.
The politics of exemplarity: Ferrara on the disclosure of new political worlds
Authors: McNay Lois
Published: March 2018

This paper focuses on the idea of exemplarity outlined by the Italian critical theorist Alessandro Ferrara that forms part of his general case for the centrality of disclosure to emancipatory political reasoning. Ferrara argues that “at its best” political thought should have the capacity to animate the democratic imagination by disclosing new political worlds and hence new possibilities for thought and action. I argue that Ferrara’s notion of exemplarity provides important conceptual resources for a re-grounding of critical theory in the type of experientially based disclosing critique that has, post Habermas, been marginalized. Ferrara’s work is significant in two respects. First, exemplary universalism provides a much-needed alternative to the assimilative paradigms of normative reasoning that dominate contemporary political theory. Exemplary normativity suggests a mode of reasoning from concrete particularity that is more inclusive than principle-based approaches of voices which, by virtue of their marginal or disempowered status, are often absent from democratic deliberation. Second, Ferrara shows us how, contra Habermas, far from being an unstable process of meaning creation, exemplary disclosure has a systematic internal rationale that renders it open to inter-subjective validation. I contend, however, that the critical promise of the idea of exemplarity is unfulfilled because of its grounding in the speculative construct of sensus communis defined as a set of trans-cultural intuitions about human flourishing. This socially deracinated abstraction blocks an adequate understanding of the asymmetrical relations of power around which social difference is always constructed. Ultimately, Ferrara is unable to demonstrate how exemplarity does in fact disclose new political worlds and new possibilities for thought so much as confirm established liberal norms. Drawing on critical race theory, I propose a re-politicized understanding of exemplarity that locates its disclosing force in the actual dynamics of struggles against oppression rather than in a socially weightless abstraction.
The effect of protamine dosing variation on bleeding and transfusion after heparinisation for cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Kunz Stephen A. , Miles Lachlan F , Ianno Damian J , Mirowska-Allen Kelly L , Matalanis George , Bellomo Rinaldo , Seevanayagam Siven
Published: March 2018

Introduction:

Accurate dosing of protamine reversal following on-pump cardiac surgical procedures is challenging, with both excessive and inadequate administration recognised to increase bleeding risk. We aimed to examine the relationship between three ratios for heparin reversal and markers of haemostasis.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database was undertaken at a single tertiary cardiac unit, reviewing all cases of on-pump coronary artery bypass grafts and single valve replacements from 01/01/2011 to 31/12/2015. The ratio between total intra-operative heparin and protamine was stratified to three groups (low: ≤0.6 mg per 100 IU of heparin, moderate: 0.6-1.0 and high: >1.0) and related to the primary outcome of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, with secondary outcomes being the number of units transfused, the haemoglobin differential and mediastinal drain output at 4 hours.

Results:

Of the 803 patients identified, 338 received a blood transfusion, with 1035 units being used. Eighteen percent of individuals (145) received a low ratio, 50% (404) received a moderate ratio and 32% (254) a high ratio. Using the moderate group as a reference, the low dose group was 56.5% less likely to have received a RBC transfusion (OR 0.435; 95% CI 0.270:0.703 p=0.001) while the high dose group carried a 241% increased association with transfusion (OR 3.412; 95% CI 2.399:4.853 p<0.001). For those transfused, a lower protamine:heparin ratio was associated with a lower number of units transfused, lesser haemoglobin differential and less mediastinal drain output.

Conclusion:

Higher doses of intra-operative protamine relative to heparin are associated with greater risk of transfusion and post-operative bleeding.
Young adults’ pathways into homeownership in Tokyo: Shifting practices and meanings
Authors: Druta Oana , Ronald Richard
Published: March 2018

This paper examines homeownership pathways of young adults in Tokyo, Japan, making use of an original data set of qualitative interviews. By analyzing the narratives of young adults, the article argues that in contemporary Tokyo homeownership pathways are diversifying, due to changing gender roles within households, intergenerational responsibilities and an increasingly questionable potential of homeownership to result in asset accumulation. Thus, while still following housing pathways that result in homeownership, young people are both adapting to the conditions of a practically failing but politically and ideologically resilient homeownership system and challenging its boundaries.
Prevalence of hepatitis delta virus among hemodialysis and renal transplant patients
Authors: Pierre Alessandra Maria Mont`Alverne , Feldner Ana Cristina de Castro Amaral , Carvalho Filho Roberto José de , Lopes Edmundo Pessoa de Almeida , Gouvea Michele Soares Gomes , Pinho João Renato Rebello , Carvente Claudia Teresa , Emori Christini Takemi , Silva Genimari Arruda da , Ferraz Maria Lúcia Cardoso Gomes
Published: March 2018

Introduction:

Hepatitis B virus infection is an important cause of liver disease in hemodialysis patients and renal transplant recipients. Hepatitis Delta virus is a defective virus transmitted by the same route of hepatitis B virus, which requires the helper function of hepatitis B virus. Data about hepatitis B virus/hepatitis delta virus coinfection are scarce and there are no studies regarding the coinfection among hemodialysis patients and renal transplant in our country.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus infection among hemodialysis patients and renal transplant recipients.

Methods:

Cross-sectional study analyzing virological markers of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus infection and biochemical and clinical features of liver disease of patients infected with hepatitis B virus in hemodialysis and renal transplant.

Results:

A total of 117 HBsAg-positive patients (46 hemodialysis and 71 renal transplant) were included. The mean age was 48.5 ± 11.8 years and 67% were males. Antiviral therapy was given to 74% of patients. Liver function tests were within the normal range. HBeAg-positive was found in 35% of patients and median hepatitis B virus DNA was 2.98 log (IU/mL). Cirrhosis was detected in 26.5% of patients. The prevalence of anti–hepatitis delta virus total antibody (+) was 1.7% (2/117). None of the 2 patients had active hepatitis delta virus infection, since all samples tested negative for hepatitis delta virus–RNA.

Conclusion:

The results suggest a low prevalence rate of coinfection B and D in hemodialysis and renal transplant recipients in this population.
Characterization of kenaf fiber and its composites: A review
Authors: Ramesh P , Durga Prasad B , Narayana KL
Published: March 2018

Nowadays, fiber-reinforced composites have gained attention due to their improved potential for replacing the conventional materials in various applications. Kenaf fiber has been widely used as reinforcement in composites over the past few years which is a most attractive alternative due to its rapid growth at different climatic conditions and ensuring low cost; kenaf fiber has gained some attention to replacing the glass fiber composite and making it purely an eco-friendly composite. However, for enhancing its properties in different applications, an appropriate characterization is very important. Hence, many researches have been conducted in recent years, for the characterization of kenaf fiber and its composites. In this paper, a state-of-the-art review of these characterizations is presented.
Impact of the Time of Diagnosis on the Perceived Competence of Adolescents With Dyslexia
Authors: Battistutta Layla , Commissaire Eva , Steffgen Georges
Published: March 2018

Intergroup comparison studies have shown that children with specific learning disorders hold lower self-perceptions regarding their abilities than their typically developing peers, especially in an academic setting. This small-scale study investigated the potential effect of diagnostic timing on competency perceptions within a sample of adolescents with dyslexia, either diagnosed in primary or secondary school, but paired on duration of intervention and academic impairment. Perceived competence was assessed via self-report on an academic, social, and more general level. These measures were complemented by open-ended questions investigating pupils’ understanding and tolerance of their dyslexia. Early-diagnosed adolescents were found to hold higher academic and general competency perceptions. Moreover, pupils’ personal statements to the open-ended questions revealed a statistically significant association between time of diagnosis and understanding as well as tolerance of dyslexia, indicating that early-diagnosed adolescents, compared with their late-diagnosed peers, have more adequate representations of their reading disorder as specific and non-stigmatizing and are more open to announcing their dyslexia to others. These preliminary findings suggest that diagnostic timing might lead early-diagnosed adolescents to a more adequate understanding of their dyslexia, which might also be related to higher competency perceptions.
“Who Knows Me the Best and Can Encourage Me the Most?”: Matching and Early Relationship Development in Youth-Initiated Mentoring Relationships with System-Involved Youth
Authors: Spencer Renée , Gowdy Grace , Drew Alison L. , Rhodes Jean E.
Published: March 2018

Youth-initiated mentoring (YIM), in which youth select adults from within their communities to serve as mentors in relationships that are formalized through mentoring programs, has the potential to redress problems faced by many mentoring programs that could adversely affect system-involved youth, such as volunteer attrition and premature match closures. However, only a few programs have implemented YIM, and there is little research on this approach. This qualitative interview study examines the formation of YIM relationships and how they are experienced by mentors ( n = 14), youth ( n = 17), and the youths’ parent/guardian ( n = 6). Youth tended to select adults whom they had encountered through school or social services. Findings indicate that the YIM selection process contributed to mentor, youth, and parent/guardian investment in the mentoring relationship and to the youth’s rapid development of feelings of closeness and trust in the mentor. Knowing that mentors would be nonjudgmental, trustworthy, and dedicated appeared to facilitate positive relationship development, which is important given the difficulty of engaging and serving system-involved youth in mentoring programs.
Silicate-doped nano-hydroxyapatite/graphene oxide composite reinforced fibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Dalgic Ali Deniz , Alshemary Ammar Z. , Tezcaner Ayşen , Keskin Dilek , Evis Zafer
Published: March 2018

In this study, novel graphene oxide–incorporated silicate-doped nano-hydroxyapatite composites were prepared and their potential use for bone tissue engineering was investigated by developing an electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffold. Nanocomposite groups were synthesized to have two different ratios of graphene oxide (2 and 4 wt%) to evaluate the effect of graphene oxide incorporation and groups with different silicate-doped nano-hydroxyapatite content was prepared to investigate optimum concentrations of both silicate-doped nano-hydroxyapatite and graphene oxide. Three-dimensional poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds were prepared by wet electrospinning and reinforced with silicate-doped nano-hydroxyapatite/graphene oxide nanocomposite groups to improve bone regeneration potency. Microstructural and chemical characteristics of the scaffolds were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscope and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Protein adsorption and desorption on material surfaces were studied using fetal bovine serum. Presence of graphene oxide in the scaffold, dramatically increased the protein adsorption with decreased desorption. In vitro biocompatibility studies were conducted using human osteosarcoma cell line (Saos-2). Electrospun scaffold group that was prepared with effective concentrations of silicate-doped nano-hydroxyapatite and graphene oxide particles (poly(ε-caprolactone) – 10% silicate-doped nano-hydroxyapatite – 4% graphene oxide) showed improved adhesion, spreading, proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity compared to other scaffold groups.
Time-varying mesh stiffness analysis of a single-roller enveloping hourglass worm gear
Authors: Wang Qibin , Zhao Bo , Kong Xianguang , Ma Hongbo , Chang Jiantao
Published: March 2018

As a new type of transmission, the single-roller enveloping hourglass worm gear (SEHWG) is widely used in precision mechanical transmission systems. Time-varying mesh stiffness (TVMS) is one of the most important excitations, which has great influences on the dynamic characteristics of SEHWG systems. In this paper, a model for calculating the TVMS of the SEHWG is proposed, in which bending stiffness, shear stiffness, radial compression stiffness, and foundation stiffness are considered in the worm stiffness calculation. And bending stiffness, shear stiffness, and foundation stiffness are considered in the worm wheel stiffness calculation. The process of calculating the periodical TVMS of the SEHWG is also presented. Then, the TVMS of the SEHWG by the proposed method is compared with that of the finite element method for the model validation. Finally, the influences of the roller radii on TVMS are analyzed. The results show that the mesh stiffness of the TVMS has a tendency to rise first and then fall with the increasing roller radii.
Design and experiment of automatic transplanting device for potted tomato seedlings
Authors: Xin Jin , Kaixuan Zhao , Jiangtao Ji , Hao Ma , Jing Pang , Zhaomei Qiu
Published: March 2018

In this study, an automatic machine for transplanting potted tomato seedlings was designed, based on the analysis of physical characteristics of the main varieties of tomato seedlings. The machine is composed of a horizontal and vertical seedling supply mechanism, a picking mechanism composed with a gear-rod component, a planting part featured with an eccentric-disk parallelogram duckbilled mechanism, and a control system. The control system included position sensors, stepper motor, variable-frequency motor and program controller. The force condition for successful picking potted tomato seedlings was studied by analyzing the force and motion during the taking procedure with the use of analytical graphic method. Combined with the parameters of physical characteristics of tomato seedlings, the key parameters of the machine was determined, which included L1 = 105 mm as the distance between the point of the gripper needles and the center of rotation, L0 = 18 mm as the initial opening distance between the two gripper needles, and s = 40 mm as the distance between the two gripper needles when they were at the upper hinge point of the clamping hands. The key structure and the parameters of the seedlings-taking part were determined by theoretical calculation according to the position of the seedling during taking and dropping procedure, and the requirement of the motion. The machine was tested by using the potted tomato seedlings. The result showed that the seedling picking rate was 92.35%–86.61%, and the leakage rate was 12.57%–18.03%, when the transplanting speed was between 60 and 90 seedlings per minute. The result demonstrated that the machine was feasible to transplant the potted tomato seedlings efficiently.
Does environmental information disclosure affect the performance of energy-intensive firms’ borrowing ability? Evidence from China
Authors: Hu Haiqing , Chang Chun-Ping , Dong Minyi , Meng Wei-Na , Hao Yu
Published: March 2018

In recent years, a growing strand of China’s listed companies chose to disclose environmental information, which may potentially affect their financial performance then further influence its performance of financial supports. To quantitatively investigate the impact of enterprise’s environmental information disclosure on the ability of firms’ borrowing in China, this paper divides the measurements of information disclosure into five categories and evaluates firms’ performance in capital market through its availability of a loan and the cost of capital. In total, 97 listed energy-intensive companies in China are selected and their data covering the period of 2000–2014 are utilized for empirical study. The empirical results indicate that enterprise’s environmental information disclosure appears to have a significantly positive effect on the loan size available, while the cost of capital is less sensitive to environmental information disclosure. The empirical evidence also suggests that, among the five aspects of information disclosure measurements, the future plan and monetary information are the most influential factors of the cost of capital.