bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing fatigue in aviation maintenance while promoting a human factors safety reporting system; a strategic approach to aviation safety
Authors: Miller Mark , Mrusek Bettina , Herbic Jeff
Published: June 2023

The potential rise of fatigue in commercial aviation maintenance due to Aviation Maintenance Technician (AMT) personnel shortages supports a Human Factors (HF) Fatigue Risk Management (FRM) System be introduced in all major aviation maintenance programs in the US to complement a maintenance HF Safety Reporting System. The researchers have been strong advocates of a maintenance HF Safety Reporting System that can detect aviation maintenance procedural errors as research points to upwards of 38% of the aviation maintenance related accidents in Part 121 operations are caused by some form of maintenance procedural errors. However, as anonymous safety reporting tools like the HF REPAIRER (Miller and Mrusek, 2018) do hold promise for aviation maintenance safety and are also supported by Safety Management Systems (SMS), what is the point of having them if the maintainers are too tired and exhausted both mentally and physically to use such HF Safety Reporting Systems? The researchers take into consideration that the global (COVID-19) pandemic did bring chaos to the commercial aviation industry causing the AMT to do more work with less AMT personnel and allowing the fatigue problem to become greatly exacerbated. The researchers examine the basic HF fatigue problems in commercial aviation maintenance before the pandemic and then re-evaluate how fatigue has become a potential hazard in current maintenance operations through the lens of ASRS safety reporting data and utilizing a modified model of Human Factors Analysis Classification System (HFACS). From this analysis the researchers contend that the health of airline maintenance and the AMT calls for a strategy of a HF Two-pronged Safety Attack in aviation maintenance by reducing the consequences of fatigue through HF FRM while preventing human error in maintenance procedures through a HF Safety Reporting System like REPAIRER. This new complementary safety strategy would greatly enhance SMS in maintenance with a HF upgrade.
Artificial intelligence for risk assessment in hybrid workplace and flexible work
Authors: Simoncelli Giuditta , De Angelis Laura , Pietrafesa Emma , Mariconte Raffaele , Martini Agnese , Giliberti Claudia
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged the spread of remote working as an instrument to prevent the stop of work activities. Resilience has led to the adaptation of the existing work models into hybrid ones, enabling many companies to test new forms of organisation. This has led to critical issues, particularly in the management of the health and safety at work and in the sustainability of production processes, due to the contradictions in these areas, in the European legislation. At present, it is still difficult to obtain an overall framework of effects and possible risks of hybrid workplaces. In fact, in addition to traditional risks, new risks and unexplored interaction between risks and human factor are emerging. Furthermore, it highlights the need to rethink new reference figures in the safety management system. However, the benefits of increased productivity, work life balance, sustainability and environmental impact are clear. The aim of this research is to rationalize the technical knowledge and the case studies of possible risks related to hybrid workplace, in order to support the worker and the employer in the analysis of hazards and risk assessment, risk communication and prevention, through a dynamic assessment system based on Artificial Intelligence (AI). For this purpose, the current legislation has to be investigated, identifying technological solutions useful to fill some gaps for an extension of protection in new forms of remote work.
The power of safety data to prevent work related incidents: empirical evidences from pilot projects in Italy
Authors: Grazia Gnoni Maria , Guglielmi Armando , Campo Giuseppe , De Merich Diego , De Santis Daniele , Leva Antonio , Villa Michele , Donvito Antonia
Published: June 2023

A vast amount of safety data is collected every year by public and private organisations for many different reasons. Often this is due to compliance requirements, other times as part of reporting practices or to measure performance towards improvement goals. Although data collection is still a critical activity – as it is usually not characterized by a standard approach –, data analysis now represents the most critical one due to several factors. The present study aims to point out how safety data at different level of aggregation - could support effective continuous improvements activities of companies as well as of institutional organizations. Results shows the high potential of structured safety data models and tools for acquiring knowledge to improve prevention activities.
Digital Health Surveillance: Usability requirements applied to rumor alerting and monitoring tools
Authors: Carvalho Paulo , Mendes Daniel , Alves De Carvalho Elaine , Jatobá Alessandro
Published: June 2023

This article has the objective of associating the contribution of social media to a system for detecting rumors in public health, aiming to provide timely inputs for the Strategic Information and Health Surveillance Response Centers (CIEVS) in their event monitoring activities in health through the capture and analysis of unofficial information (rumors). Through a process based on usability requirements identified with analysts at the Surveillance Centers, messages are captured, stored and subsequently analyzed cooperatively by analysts to detect the existence of a possible event in public health.
Evaluating sustainable and green building designs using human factor approaches
Authors: Cooper Natalia , Galasiu Anca , Bahiraei Farid
Published: June 2023

In response to government requirements for zero carbon emissions for existing and new buildings, a number of organizations committed to explore the most efficient ways to build new buildings or renovate their aging infrastructure, and to implement the necessary measures and technologies supporting net zero standards and sustainable building designs. In many cases, this means deep energy retrofits within buildings, including upgrades to the exterior and the interior building design features. By using modelling techniques and following standard specifications, a building’s performance can be optimized through a number of energy efficient measures and implementation of sustainable, net zero technologies. However, research has shown that in many cases the modelled performance is not often easily achievable in real life settings. This can be specifically relevant to cases where the comfort requirements are surpassed by an increased focus on energy efficiency measures. Methodology: This paper outlines a case study where the National Research Council Canada (NRC) has committed to complete a pre- and post-renovation evaluation of the Ontario Association of Architects (OAA) headquarter building, which was retrofitted to achieve net zero emissions. The main methodologies used during the data collection included occupant surveys, physical environment measurements and energy monitoring across the various stages of the project. Findings: This paper outlines the methodology used during the pre- and post-renovation data collection. The post-renovation data collection is currently in progress, therefore, only data from the pre-renovation phase is currently discussed. The results identified many opportunities for improvement through renovation, including a variety of occupant satisfaction and comfort dimensions related to the physical indoor environmental conditions.Conclusion: By using human factor methodologies and user-centric approaches, we can improve our understanding of the human factor impacts caused by sustainable and green building design practices. Successfully completed projects present great examples of how buildings, old or new, could meet modern-day needs, such as net zero standards and carbon neutrality, whilst at the same time providing efficient workplaces that support occupant wellbeing and productivity.
Key Leadership Skills for Effective Project Delivery: Placing the Lens on Construction 4.0
Authors: Ikuabe Matthew , Aigbavboa Clinton , Oke Ayodeji , Adekunle Samuel , Khambule Sibusiso
Published: June 2023

The revolutionary drive ushered in by the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) is altering the traditional modes of delivering construction projects. This has influenced leadership skills which are portrayed as a fundamental tenet for the successful accomplishment of construction projects. Against this backdrop, this study evaluates the critical leadership skills necessary for effective project delivery in the era of 4IR. The study adopted a quantitative approach using data elicited from construction professionals, while the methods of data analysis were mean item score, standard deviation, and one-sample t-test. Findings from the study indicate that the most significant leadership skills aligning with 4IR for effective project delivery are creative and critical thinking, strategic problem-solving, and technological expertise. The outcome of this study contributes to the growing conversation of the digitalization of the construction industry as it fills the gap in knowledge of the requisite skills necessitated by leadership in the construction industry for optimum alignment with the digital revolution. Furthermore, it presents a solid theoretical base for future studies probing into leadership qualities required for improved construction project delivery.
Preparing Data Science Projects – Between Economic Aspects and Requirements Analysis
Authors: Dukino Claudia , Kutzias Damian
Published: June 2023

With the increasing availability of data in enterprises of all industry sectors, new date-based ideas arise, including artificial intelligence (AI) solutions. For those enterprises which have no experience in the implementation of such projects, data science process models can assist in structuring them. We have observed that the majority of the available models do not involve people, their activities, and the associated processes in detail. A possible reason for this is, that many of these models were created with a focus on the data processing and not necessarily to introduce ongoing data-based applications. To close this gap, this paper analyses the aspects which should be included in project preparation, especially requirements analysis, and which methods and tools are adequate to support these steps. These considerations are even more important for AI projects, since it is not necessarily clear from the beginning to which extent the required information is contained in the available data and whether the data is sufficient for the project goals. In addition, it should also be checked strategically whether the idea fits the company's goals and thus offers added value for the company. During the requirements analysis, affected users, their activities and processes are specifically focussed. During these steps, some conceptual information such as formalised current and target processes can be documented, which in turn can help when the implementation is done and the solution is brought to operation.
Bringing Data Science to Practice: From Protype to Utilisation
Authors: Kutzias Damian , Dukino Claudia
Published: June 2023

Data science and artificial intelligence have passed the stage of innovative trends. The applications in practice increase with every year with enterprises of all industry sectors creating new solutions utilising their data. However, there is much to learn for the enterprises, especially for those new to the implementation of information technology and data-based projects. Data science process models can assist in structuring such projects by giving ideal-typical project structures and assist with the provision of explanations, best practices, and concrete tools. One aspect which is rarely covered by data science process models is the utilisation of the results beyond their technical integration. This includes the risk of failing in operation due to missed requirements regarding affected employees or organisational aspects of the enterprises, especially their business processes. This paper provides an overview of relevant aspects for the integration of new data-based solutions into practice, i. e. the socio-technical system environment of the enterprise. Bridges to different project phases and results are shown to derive measures for integration. In addition, common tools for handling the arising challenges and tasks are listed and briefly discussed.
Towards A Reference Process for Developing Cognitive Service Systems
Authors: Feike Maximilian , Neuhüttler Jens , Kutz Janika
Published: June 2023

In recent years, digital technologies such as artificial intelligence found their way into existing services, while at the same time providing the basis for entirely new possibilities. However, our understanding of the development of services based on these technologies is still limited. Due to the high complexity, they can rarely be developed within the boundaries of a single company or on the basis of knowledge from a single discipline. Building on the relevant literature, we derive a sound understanding of cognitive service systems from existing perspectives. Following an iterative process, we conducted several interdisciplinary workshops and analysed existing development approaches, which were adapted and recombined into a process model for cognitive service development. Our work contributes to a common understanding of cognitive service systems. By introducing a reference model that addresses the specific requirements for the successful development of cognitive services, we take a first step towards a systematic and holistic development of cognitive service systems that supports companies in this complex task.
Digital Transformation, Servitization and Governmentality
Authors: Testa Pierpaolo
Published: June 2023

There is no doubt that the digital transformation is assuming some characteristic features: progressive digitization of the economy, increased relevance of digital platforms, progressive digitization of business models, disintermediation due to e-commerce, servitization of the value proposition and/or operating model, digital re-invention, spread of technoculture in consumer contexts, managerial automation due to algorithms and AI adoption, increased consumers’ brand experience, social engagement, big data analysis centrality, symbiotic value creation expectations at societal level.However, now very little is investigated the effect on governmentality (or the art of government) of these transformations. What role should the public system and actors play? In a first preliminary analysis it seems that this role could be confined but not limited to: 1. promoting a growing adoption of these transformations from all the economic system’s key players (firms, retailers, suppliers, technology vendors, Universities, research centers, consumers). 2. fostering networking for DT3. Financially supporting DT and disciplining it4. Protecting the SME promoting DT processes at an aggregate level (districts, supply chains, clusters, Regional Innovation Systems). 5. Digital transformation of public administration itself, permitting the same to evolve towards a systemic view of governmentality 6. Adoption of a digital service culture.The general aim of this article is to assess the main directions along which the digital transformation is affecting global economy, mainly under a twofold perspective. 1.A firm’s and managerial perspective, discussing the most relevant managerial topic emerging with the digital transformation and above listed. 2.A governmentality perspective, studying some calls launched by some of the most relevant European Countries (Italy, Germany, England, France) to investigate the main objectives and scopes of digital transformation under a public management eye. Primary and secondary sources of information will be integrated for achieve such a research purpose. The information borrowed from institutional calls will be integrated by media interpretations of the phenomenon under analysis. Reports on the digital transformation by leading consulting firms operating in the countries will be also analyzed.The contribution is conceptual and interpretive in nature.
Introducing low-code technology to promote diversity, equity and inclusion awareness in the workplace
Authors: Takahashi Natsumi , Javed Amna , Kohda Youji
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to deepen the understanding of which Information and Communication Technology (ICT) services are effective in promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) strategies in workplace knowledge management. Projects in a Japanese conglomerate company that adopted a low-code platform were selected for the case study. These cases focused on using low-code technology to carry out externalization and sharing of individual knowledge in the workplace. ICT services with low prerequisites for users, such as low-code technologies, are effective in supporting an organization's knowledge diversity management. This study explains a mechanism that promotes knowledge creation in organizations by using low-code technology, and from a practical perspective this research can help several workplaces to develop effective DEI strategies.
How to (Re)Define Nurses’ Professionalism: An Ethnographic Study of Outpatient Nurses in a Small Clinic in Japan
Authors: Kawaguchi Yaeko , Ito Yasunobu
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this paper is to identify the distinctive functions that outpatient nurses in Japanese clinics perform outside of direct patient care and its values. It will also describe how outpatient nurses in Japanese clinics perceive the value of their work and how their experiences and education influence their understanding. The study was conducted at an I-Clinic in Fukuoka, Japan; 25 Participant observations and interviews with four outpatient nurses at the I-Clinic were conducted between September 2021 and January 2023. The results of the study revealed the characteristics of outpatient nurses’ work in small Japanese clinics. The functions of outpatient nurses in Japanese clinics were (1) to coordinate the elements involved in the day-to-day care, (2) to harmonize relationships among staff throughout the organization, and (3) to harmonize relationships with medical personnel outside the organization. Through these functions, nurses were shown to contribute to quality health care services to the community. However, I-Clinic nurses did not fully understand the value of these functions. The value of nurses’ contribution to the organization is currently rarely explained in basic nursing education and in the education of new nurses after graduation, suggesting the need to (re)define professionalism, including the work nurses do for the organization and its value, and to apply it in nursing education.
“Design Thinking" as Collaborative Creativity in Group Work: A Case Study at a Japanese Liberal Arts University
Authors: Shigeta Tomoyuki , Ito Yasunobu
Published: June 2023

The purpose of Design Thinking is to develop human resources who can exercise creativity in groups and solve various problems in society, mainly through group work. In Japan, many universities have introduced design thinking as an educational program. However, some issues have been pointed out, such as the inability in boosting students’ creativity. Studies have been conducted to examine the effects of design thinking on students’ creativity. The design thinking activities are performed in groups where various factors overlap and creativity is demonstrated as a collaborative effort. To date, only a few studies have examined design thinking as a collaborative creative activity. In this study, we targeted a university online class and recorded the students’ group work and analyzed by focusing on the relationships that are established among people and between people and objects. The results revealed the factors that constitute a collaborative creative activity.
Cross-silo federated learning in enterprise networks with cooperative and competing actors
Authors: Müller Kristina , Bodendorf Freimut
Published: June 2023

The performance and generalizability of AI-based enterprise applications depends on the quantity, quality, and diversity of training data. However, data usually exists in the form of data silos at individual sites. With cross-silo federated learning knowledge extracted from data silos that are distributed across multiple enterprises can be combined to improve the predictive performance of AI models without sharing and centralizing potentially sensitive raw data. The decentralized learning approach thus offers new privacy-preserving opportunities for cross-company collaboration, knowledge management, and the development of intelligent applications and services in federated enterprise networks. Since federated learning enables collaboration between both cooperating and competing companies, this literature review of application-based papers analyzes the differences in the design and strategic management of federated enterprise networks as a function of the actors' relationships.
ErgoMate: Concept and Prototype of an Automated Ergonomic Workpace System for Office Environments
Authors: Zagel Christian , Leyendecker Matthia , Piazza Alexander
Published: June 2023

In the past decade, globalization and digitization have not only changed the way we work, but also the environment in which we work. More and more companies are introducing desk sharing office concepts in which employees must share a workstation. However, this poses challenges for ergonomic workplace design as constant and ergonomically correct workstation settings can hardly be guaranteed. Neglecting ergonomics at workplace, though, can cause musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, a concept and prototype for a system are proposed which automatically adjusts the workstation to the individual's anthropometric characteristics. A setup of different mechanical and electronical components using microcontrollers, ultrasonic distance sensors and linear actuators assures an automatic adjustment where users only must sign in with their ID. An initial field study shows that the system can achieve high user acceptance. Simplicity, speed, and convenience are seen as added value of the system. The results have potential for future studies.
Strategic Positioning in Service-Oriented Business Ecosystems: A Strategic Role Model Approach
Authors: Hoeborn Gerrit , Becerra Yannick , Weingarten Frederic , Winkens Frederik
Published: June 2023

In recent years servitization – a shift from traditional product-based value creation to-wards services – manifests in the transformation of whole industries. The offered ser-vice is more frequently created in service-oriented business ecosystems (SOBE) result-ing in a paradigm shift. Companies are grappling to strategically position themselves in SOBEs using strategic role models (SRMs). The various approaches for SRM in current literature cannot cover all aspects needed, to fully conceptualize strategic roles, that include relevant service-orientation properties.This paper aims to develop a SRM that is tailored to SOBEs which will help researchers and practitioners to identify and under-stand important roles in their SOBE. By integrating the service-dominant-logic (SDL) existing SRMs were merged into a SOBE-tailored SRM, combining a system- and model theory-based approach. The resulting model includes the three phases of a SOBE: preparation, formation, and operation. In each phase the model consists of three system levels: central value creation, complementary services, and enabling network. All system levels have a defined set of up to ten roles and their typical relationships. The designed six step approach – 1. identification of the SOBE, 2. identification of actors, 3. allocation of roles, 4. creation of role profiles, 5. description of relationships, 6. visualization of the SRM – was used to model and analyse a SOBE in the context of construction for plan-ning and construction of a commercial building. This paper shows, that by using the tailored SRM for SOBE enables a structured approach to detect crucial differences (e.g. increments of certain roles or actors) on a general level as well as in a specific SOBE from construction. This facilitates practitioners to analyse their strategic environment and to systematically develop new positioning alternatives by reducing complexity and struc-turing relevant information for positioning.
Comparing students' perceptions of technical drawing teaching before and after COVID-19 emergency
Authors: Filippi Stefano , Motyl Barbara
Published: June 2023

The advent of the COVID-19 emergency has affected all aspects of daily life, inevitably causing also significant changes at every education level. These changes have led to a sudden shift from face-to-face to online teaching, with a heavy impact on both interaction modes and methods and tools exploited meanwhile. The research described in this paper started by collecting data from university students about their perception of technical drawing teaching before and during/after COVID-19. The analysis of this students’ point of view, along with considerations about their performance (exam passing rates and marks, etc.) highlighted some suggestions to improve university courses, making them more effective and attractive.
User Experience in Modern Cars – Definition, Relevance and Challenges of Digital Automotive Applications
Authors: Kreis Alexander , Fragner Daniel , Hirz Mario
Published: June 2023

User experience (UX) is very contextual, and it's usually understood as an interaction between users and products or services. The term user experience is often used in the context of websites and apps, but also in view of physical use of products. UX encompasses all the effects and experiences, whether physical or emotional, that customers experience before, during and after using products. In an automotive context, UX may begin with the external appearance of cars and continues throughout the entire usage until the driver and passengers leave the cars. If this UX is experienced as positive and satisfying, perception improves leading to increasing recommendation rates and reputation of the specific product and the behind lying manufacturer. Exemplary product characteristics that support good UX include visually appealing design, the joy of using a car, but also whether the drivers and passengers can identify with the product. In addition, the enjoyment of a particular product is not dispensable for a good UX, which is limited to the use of the product, but also has effects beyond that. In many product areas, UX is well described. There are also various definitions of how to achieve a good UX in certain product areas, but these recommendations are not universally applicable and often cannot be directly applied to other products. Looking at UX in the automotive industry, there is no clear definition of which parameters must be considered to achieve a good UX and how these parameters are categorized. In this context, the presented research introduces a methodology for evaluating the UX of modern cars. There are four main research questions underlying this paper: (1) How to define UX in terms of cars. (2) How can these definitions be applied and evaluated? (3) How do car manufacturers try to provide a good UX in modern cars? and (4) How can aspects of UX be included in the development processes of new cars? Through empirical research, key parameters have been identified to provide a definition of UX of modern cars. These parameters are then weighted according to a scientific approach using various methods and empirical studies. Based on the introduced definition, an exemplary modern premium car is evaluated to classify the actual state of UX. Furthermore, the combination of state-of-the-art UX in modern cars and the novel scientific approach to weight the different parameters is applied in exemplary use cases to point out the potential of the method to improve automotive development processes by integration of UX – related aspects even in early vehicle conception sequences.
Microbial Resource Research Infrastructure for the 21st Century: usability analysis of the Collaborative Working Environment
Authors: Margolis Iara , Rodrigo-Torres Lidia , Mackay Ana , Faria Ana , Poli Anna , Almeida Luis , Prigione Valeria , Vara Antonio , Chiarelli Adriana , Soares Luís , Aznar Rosa , Sousa Emanuel
Published: June 2023

Ease-of-use is of paramount importance to ensure the acceptability of a virtual platform. With that in mind, we sought to evaluate the usability of Microbial Resource Research Infrastructure (MIRRI)’s Collaborative Working Environment (CWE). Usability tests intend to determine whether an interface facilitates a user’s ability to complete tasks in the platform analyzed. For the MIRRI’s CWE user tests, 29 participants, aged between 25 and 65 years old, from 10 countries (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, France, Italy, Latvia, Netherlands, Peru, Portugal, Spain), with different professional backgrounds (i.e. Research/ Education, industry, Officers, among others) were invited to carry out activities within 3 modules of the platform, namely: (1) Microbial Resources Catalog (MRC), (2) Services and Workflows Catalog (SWC) and the (3) Transnational Access information and application submission (TNA). At the end of the experience, participants were asked to fill out the System Usability Scale (SUS) - a standardized questionnaire widely used to measure usability. Based on the SUS analysis, participants had a good perception of the usability of the MIRRI platform. MIRRI's CWE platform innovates in the unification of data and information from the microbiological universe. The usability analysis validates the user experience, thus ensuring that acceptance by the users is not hindered by poor ease-of-use.
Quality analysis of images between expert and beginners taken by drone.
Authors: Sugiyama Naoki , Ota Tomoko , Goto Akihiko
Published: June 2023

The use of drones provides a variety of images and video footage that we have not seen before. In non-destructive inspection, on the other hand, it is necessary to obtain an accurate image of the inspection area. The quality of the image is important because the image is used for inspection.In this study, expert and beginners drone pilots operated a drone to photograph the three subjects in the designated areas. Three subjects were photographed by different conditions. The quality of the photographs obtained was compared. The results showed that expert pilot were more likely than beginners to ensure that the subject was in the centre of the picture taken. In addition, distances between drone and subjects were set in almost the same position by expert.
Deep Analysis of the Web Accessibility and Usability of Videoconferencing Platforms for Blind People
Authors: Calle-Jimenez Tania , Munoz Bryan
Published: June 2023

During the COVID 19 pandemic, the use of virtual videoconferencing platforms increased considerably. Most of the group activities associated with this are conducted remotely, whichinvolves technological change affecting people, especially blind people. These videoconferencing platforms are hosted on the web, causing visually impaired users to enter a new era of communication with all its accessibility barriers and usability issues. For this reason, a systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted which allowed us to determine the level of web accessibility that these platforms have, the studies and all the implementations that are being conducted to mitigate this problem. In addition, the web accessibility of the three most widely-used videoconferencing platforms for both work and education was evaluated. Automated tools were used, individual tests were performed, accessibility guidelines (WCAG 3.0) were applied to determine the level of web accessibility, and usability tests were performed on a group of visually impaired individuals. The methods used were: Think Aloud (TA), the System Usability Scale Test (SUS) and Nielsen’s 10 Heuristic Usability Principles. The results of these tests and methods indicate that the selected videoconferencing platforms do not meet the minimum requirements for web accessibility, and that the level of usability is low. Therefore, changes need to be made and new implementations need to be developed with regard to these tools, so that visually impaired users can navigate the platforms smoothly and without any problems.
Identification of Similar Experiences that Affect the Mental Model of Cryptocurrency Wallets
Authors: Jeong Beomyoung , H. Han Sung , Kwon Kimin
Published: June 2023

Blockchain services are unfamiliar and provide new or modified functions. Failure to utilize similar past experiences in the process of using unfamiliar services can lead to deterioration in the user experience. In this study, five major tasks were implemented to provide an overall experience of using a cryptocurrency wallet, and interviews were conducted regarding this experience. Thematic analysis was conducted on the participants’ responses to derive the types of experiences that affected each task process. This study will help build a user mental model of cryptocurrency wallets for follow-up studies.
User Experience Design and Evaluation on Mobile Investment Application User Interface Prototype
Authors: Huang Chieh-Ju , Kolopitawondal Julio
Published: June 2023

The present study aimed to investigate the usability of Ajaib, a mobile investment application in Indonesia, through the conduct of user experience research and usability testing. The previous study utilizing User Experience Questionnaires (UEQ) indicated that the original application fell short in the areas of efficiency, dependability, and novelty. Furthermore, the usability testing results revealed a low success rate, specifically in regards to "Access Learning." In order to address these issues, a high-fidelity user interface design was created based on the results of the previous study. The new design prototype was then evaluated through usability testing, with records and results being recorded through a usability test platform. 21 participants, who were considered beginner users, completed 15 tasks, with task durations and mistakes being recorded. The results of the UEQ on the new design revealed improvements in all scale, with a notable shift from neutral to positive evaluations for the category of novelty. Furthermore, the new design prototype was found to have effectively addressed the problem of completing the "Access Learning" task from the previous user interface. However, participants struggled to complete the "Selling Stock" task without errors. Future studies will involve revising the next version prototype based on the results of the usability testing and UEQ
Usability Study on the User Interface Design of Streaming Service Applications
Authors: Hsu Yihung , Chen Chien-Hsiung
Published: June 2023

Streaming service applications allow users to watch programs across devices anytime and anywhere, and their share is increasing. In order to understand the usability of existing streaming service applications, this study selected three representative streaming service Applications in the market, namely IQIYI, Netflix, and Disney+. Download the paid version of the streaming service applications for the Android platform. Six operation tasks are designed according to users' common functions, namely, selecting the film, playing the fast-forward function, adding the film to the playlist, finding the recorded history, confirming the user’s account, and downloading the film. The experimental equipment was Xiaomi Tablet Pad5, the operating environment was a general university classroom, the participants were invited by convenience sampling. A total of 31 participants (M=19.7; SD=2.54), 16 males and 15 females, were enrolled in the university departments of Chinese Culture University and National Taipei University of Education. The experiment was conducted by filling out basic information, System Usability Scale (SUS), and subjective scale after tasks. The experimental results were divided into qualitative and quantitative parts, and the quantitative part was checked by one-way ANOVA. All the generated results are summarized as follows: (1) The search window is based on the user's needs, so do not set the keywords of the advertisement and do not push the advertisement window during the operation process to avoid affecting the user's experience. (2) Video download button can be set under the video preview window, and the width of the button can be set to the same width as the preview window for the convenience of the participant. (3) The interface can be customized to add or remove items and categories that users like. (4) For unknown functions and buttons, simple icons or explanations can be provided to facilitate participants to fully utilize the available functions on the interface. (5) Future work can increase the number of participants or conduct A/B tests on the uncorrected version of the interface after the correction to verify the effect of the correction.
Usability Evaluation of Self-Service Ticketing Kiosks in Cinemas
Authors: Hsien Tsai Yi , I Chen Ching , Zheng Meng-Cong
Published: June 2023

Self-service systems have flourished in recent years; to make it easier for consumers to purchase tickets, cinema operators introduced self-service ticketing kiosks. The performance of the operator interface and the amount of time spent affect the user's propensity to utilize the self-service ticketing kiosk at the Cinema. In the initial observation, most individuals prefer to purchase tickets at the traditional counter rather than the self-service option. This study used an experimental task, SUS, QUIS, and participant's feedback questionnaire, to determine why self-service ticketing kiosks are not meeting users' needs. The study identified cognitive disparities in the ticketing process of the existing self-service kiosks in Cinema and a lack of substantial status presentation and transparent organization in the ticketing interface. It leads inexperienced users to misunderstandings and operational blunders. This study's conclusions can serve as a foundation for the future optimization of self-service ticketing kiosks in cinemas. The results showed that the participants had problems with the faulty operation of the interface of all three cinemas. (1) When purchasing tickets, two cinemas popped up with a "confirm membership status" prompt, which made many participants hesitant and confused. (2)Order corrections problems, including the lack of a "back to the previous step" function, causing the participants to be unable to correct wrong purchases and need to cancel the entire order to purchase again. (3) All three cinemas had unclear information on the seat selection page. 73.3% of the participants felt that the presentation was not straightforward. Includes no seat numbers, alphabetical presentation of row numbers, and no indication of seat status. (4) 43.33% of participants stated that the existing self-service ticketing kiosks at the three cinemas are less convenient and time-efficient than purchasing tickets at the counter, so they prefer to buy tickets at the counter. Moreover, the SUS scale of the kiosk in the three cinemas were 62.5 (D level),56 (F level), and 54.5 (F level), respectively; neither of them could meet the operational requirements. The results of this study provide us with an understanding of the current user behavior and evaluation of the self-service ticketing interface at the Cinema, which could be used to improve the user experience in the future, allowing users to have a better experience during the ticketing process.
Using Linear Regression to Investigate the Relationship Between User Experience and UX Components in Cryptocurrency Wallets
Authors: Kwon Kimin , H. Han Sung
Published: June 2023

This study investigated the relationship between User Experience (UX) and UX components in cryptocurrency wallets. A user evaluation experiment was conducted on two selected cryptocurrency wallets, CoinUS and D’CENT, using 32 individuals with no prior experience. Participants were asked to perform tasks such as creating and restoring a cryptocurrency wallet and receiving and sending cryptocurrency. After each task, participants evaluated the overall UX and UX components, including usability, affect, sociability, social value, economic value, and trust, on a 101-point scale. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between UX and UX components. The results show that usability and trust are the key independent variables that affect UX, better usability leads to better UX, and a higher level of trust in the service offered also contributes to better UX.
Effects of Different Alarm Methods of Minimum Risk Maneuver on Drivers of Following Vehicles in Automatic Driving
Authors: Nagayoshi Masamitsu , Watanuki Keiichi , Kaede Kazunori , Osawa Yusuke
Published: June 2023

In recent years, the development of autonomous driving technology has been promoted all over the world from the viewpoint of safety and convenience. Autonomous vehicles are required to be equipped with Minimum Risk Maneuver (MRM), a function that automatically decelerates and stops while sounding a warning when the system determines that the driving behavior cannot be transferred to the driver. Although MRM protects the safety of the driver's own vehicle, the safety and security of surrounding vehicles must also be protected in order that autonomous vehicles are to be accepted by society. The development of MRMs that allow drivers to drive stress-free and with peace of mind is required. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence on the following drivers by the presence or absence of Alert Notification to the surroundings by using a Driving Simulator (DS) from questionnaires and motion data.As an experiment, autonomous car equipped with MRM was driving at 100 km/h on the first lane of a highway with a speed limit of 100 km/h and a road width of 3.5 m. followed the vehicle with a headway time of 2 seconds. Participants in the experiment were eight men (21.8 years ± 1.1 years old) who had a first-class driver's license for ordinary vehicles.In the experimental scene, After the Participant follow the Autonomous vehicle with a headway time of about 2 seconds, the MRM is activated and the self-driving car decelerates. This experiment was conducted under a total of 10 conditions, consisting of 5 conditions of 2.0 m/s2, 3.0 m/s2, 4.0 m/s2, 5.0 m/s2, and 6.0 m/s2, and the presence or absence of Alert Notification before deceleration. A horn was used as the notification, and the preceding vehicle continued to sound the horn while decelerating and turned on the hazard lamps.As a result, in the subjective evaluation questionnaire for the presence or absence of Alert Notification, significant differences were found at the 5 % significance level in the items of danger when the vehicle ahead braked and sense of anxiety when the vehicle ahead braked. In the comparison of the amount of brake application at different deceleration levels, significant differences were found at the 5 % level between deceleration levels of 2.0 m/s2 and 4.0 m/s2 and between deceleration levels of 2.0 m/s2 and 5.0 m/s2 in the case of no Alert Notification, but no significant differences were found when alert notification was provided. Significant differences were found in the subjective evaluation questionnaire, suggesting that the presence of Alert Notification can reduce the driver's subjective sense of danger and anxiety. In addition, the results also suggest that the presence of an ambient alert may allow the driver to brake with more time to spare.In the future, I am considering investigating the effect of the difference in Alert Notification method of the surrounding alert notification on the following driver.
Perceptions, attitudes and trust toward artificial intelligence — An assessment of the public opinion
Authors: Luca Liehner Gian , Hick Alexander , Biermann Hannah , Brauner Philipp , Ziefle Martina
Published: June 2023

Over the last couple of years, artificial intelligence (AI)—namely machine learning algorithms—has rapidly entered our daily lives. Applications can be found in medicine, law, finance, production, education, mobility, and entertainment. To achieve this, a large amount of research has been undertaken, to optimize algorithms that by learning from data are able to process natural language, recognize objects through computer vision, interact with their environment with the help of robotics, or take autonomous decisions without the help of human input. With that, AI is acquiring core human capabilities raising the question of the impact of AI use on our society and its individuals. To form a basis for addressing those questions, it is crucial to investigate the public perception of artificial intelligence. This area of research is however often overlooked as with the fast development of AI technologies demands and wishes of individuals are often neglected. To counteract this, our study focuses on the public's perception, attitudes, and trust towards artificial intelligence. To that end, we followed a two-step research approach. We first conducted semi-structured interviews which laid the foundation for an online questionnaire. Building upon the interviews, we designed an online questionnaire (N=124) in which in addition to user diversity factors such as belief in a dangerous world, sensitivity to threat, and technology optimism, we asked respondents to rate prejudices, myths, risks, and chances about AI. Our results show that in general respondents view AI as a tool that can act independently, adapt, and help them in their daily lives. With that being said, respondents also indicate that they are not able to understand the underlying mechanisms of AI, and with this doubt, the maturity of the technology, leading to privacy concerns, fear of misuse, and security issues. While respondents are willing to use AI nevertheless, they are less willing to place their trust in the technology. From a user diversity point of view, we found, that both trust and use intention are correlated to the belief in a dangerous world and technology optimism. In summary, our research shows that while respondents are willing to use AI in their everyday lives, still some concerns remain that can impact their trust in the technology. Further research should explore the mediation of concerns to include them in a responsible development process that ensures a positive impact of AI on individuals' lives and our society.