bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Speed on the Wear Behavior of FKM/NBR Blends under Dry Sliding
Authors: Zhang Yu Zeng , Yan Ming Yin , Wang Shi Jie , Lv Xiao Ren , Nie Rui
Published: December 2012

In the start stage of progressing cavity pump (PCP) and the well with high ratio of gas to oil, dry friction usually happens between metal rotor and rubber stator. Therefore, it is very important to investigate wear and frictional behavior of rubber with metal under dry sliding. In this paper, the effect of speed on the friction and wear behavior of three kinds of FKM/NBR blends (FKM, NBR, FKM/NBR=5:5) with the same Shore hardness was investigated using a ring-on-block tester under dry sliding. The morphology of worn surface was measured using stereo microscope. The results show that the queuing order of wear loss and coefficient of friction is NBR
Constitutive Equations for Hot Deformation of Plain-Carbon Steel
Authors: He Qing Qiang , Sun Jia , Zhao Jun You , Yuan Bao Min , Xu Li Jian
Published: December 2012

In order to optimize the hot deformation processing, useful and efficient mathematical models able to evaluate the different aspects of the response of plain carbon steel to hot plastic deformation are among the most important prerequisites. In this paper, a group of mathematical equations were developed according to a series of experiments data to model the austenite grain evolution, static and dynamic recrystallization during-deformation and post-deformation of plain carbon steel. And then those equations were implemented into ABAQUS6.5 (License Agreement Identifier: 27SHANU) using the VUMAT for numerical simulations of cylinder specimen compression.
Actors-Network Analysis on Carbon Capture and Storage Technological Innovation System in China and the U.S
Authors: Lai Xian Jin
Published: December 2012

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) provides important technological solutions to reduce CO2 emission at large scale for high emission countries. CCS technology is being shaped and developed within technological innovation system. The strength and composition of actor-networks in this system make a significant impact on CCS technology development. In order to facilitate the build-up of CCS innovation system, this study analyzes the actors-networks of CCS innovation system in China and the U.S, based on social-networks analysis. It is argued that there are huge differences between China and the U.S’s CCS innovation system. Therefore, the build-up of CCS innovation system in China should take characteristic approaches and policies to accelerate CCS development in the future.
Research on the Performance of End Face Seal in Space Liquid Lubrication System
Authors: Ji Fen Zhu , Du Fa Rong , Xu Bin , Yang Shi Chun
Published: December 2012

Based on the end-face mechanical seal in Space Liquid Lubrication System, a geometry model of hydrophobic surface was presented. The Reynolds equation for controlling film pressure between the faces of micro-sculpt was solved by using the finite element method. The influence rules on end-face film pressure were studied in the surfaces of zero sculpt, micron positive (protruding) and micron negative (recessed). The effects of surface tension of the sealing medium on film stiffness, opening force and leakage rate were studied at different area ratio of micron positive (negative) and the end face. The pressure balance performance was construed between the seal end face. The calculation results show that the leakage rate will be lessen more than 30% by the sculpting of micron positive (negative). The opening force and leakage rate decrease linearly with the increasing of area ratio while the area ratio () of micron positive (negative) and the end face is less than 0.2; the opening force and leakage rate reaches the minimum respectively as =0.2; but the film stiffness arrives at the maximum as =0.2. The closing force is always greater than opening force, and the seal condition is fulfilled between the end face. The research results establish the theory basis for further analysis on the performance of space liquid lubrication.
Bending Deformability and Fracture Behavior of Heat-Treated 3-ply Cu/Al/Cu Clad Plates
Authors: Kim In Kyu , Hong Sun Ig
Published: December 2012

The effect of heat treatment on the bending deformability and fracture behavior of roll-bonded Cu/Al/Cu clad plates were investigated. As-rolled clad plate and that annealed at 200OC exhibited the initial high load maintained for a short period and then a rapid drop of the load. The rapid softening promotes the continued localized bending once bending occurs because the work hardening due to the localized bending is negligible, leading to the localized fracture. Cu/Al/Cu clad metal annealed at 300OC, up to 450OC, initial load for bending decreased remarkably due to recovery/recrystallization, but work hardening occurred for an extended period before gradual softening took place. The initial extensive work hardening in the localized bent region tends to distribute the bending deformation uniformly, leading to the rather uniform bending. For annealed clad plates at high temperatures, the periodic cracks perpendicular to the interface were observed in the intermetallic layer and the localized slip developed both in Cu and Al emanating from the open cracks in the intermetallic layer. The localized slip marking was more evident in Cu than in Al, reflecting the lower stacking fault energy in Cu.
FE Design Tool for Laminated Composite Plates
Authors: Khandan Rasoul , Sewell Philip , Noroozi Siamak , Ramazani Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2012

Considering the non-linearity, complexity and anisotropy of constitutive equations in composite materials, numerical methods are essential to evaluate the behaviour of this material. The finite element method (FEM) is a powerful computational technique for the solution of differential and integral equations that arise in various fields of engineering and applied science such as composite materials. Here, an FEM tool is designed to analyse non-linearity in the behaviour of composites caused by the effect of transverse shear and twist in laminated composite plates. The tool is established by using FEM for composites in ABAQUS combined with programming in Python to run the tests for all possible fibre orientations in laminated composite plates. It is shown that the tool has the ability to design laminated composite plates by considering the effect of transverse shear and the tool’s output provides results for all different fibre orientations. It is demonstrated that there is good agreement between numerical results obtained from this tool and experimental results. The advantages of the tool give designers the opportunity to use this tool for wide range of products.
The Behaviour of Nitrogen on the Welding Parameters of the Dissimilar Weld Joints between AISI 304 and AISI 316L Austenitic Stainless Steels Produced by Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
Authors: Chuaiphan Wichan , Srijaroenpramong Loeshpahn
Published: December 2012

The behavior of nitrogen into the dissimilar joining metal between AISI 304 and AISI 316L Austenitic stainless steel during gas tungsten are welding process was investigated. Studied by using an arc nitrogen atmosphere – controlling in chamber. The relations between nitrogen content of the dissimilar weld metal and the welding parameters, such as the welding current, welding speed, welding arc length and penetration area of weld metals were also evaluated. The results show that the nitrogen content of the weld metals decreased with an increasing welding current, and increasing penetration areas of weld metal, but scarcely depends on the welding arc length. The nitrogen content of the weld metals increased with the welding speed, but decreased penetration areas of weld metals. The role of nitrogen content on the dissimilar weld metals stainless steel is further confirmed by the experimental microstructure, mechanical and corrosion behaviour of the weld metal.
A Logistics Model of Total Life Cycle of Mechanical Products
Authors: He Liang , Guo Wan Lin
Published: December 2012

A kind of processing strategy of total life cycle of mechanical products was designed. A logistics model of total life cycle of mechanical products was established based on eight typical states of life cycle of mechanical products. The logistics analysis of total life cycle of a sort of aero-engine was carried out by using the model. The dynamic equivalent quantity of the aero-engines in different states of life cycle was obtained when times changed from the products were first put into production to the time when stable production capacity was reached. The model can also be used to predict logistics of other products rapidly. The results give references for production departments or enterprises which use life cycle methods to configure their production resources effectively and optimize production processes, and also provide a basis for further analysis of total life cycle analysis such as economic and environmental assessment.
Microstructure Evolution in Bulk Nanostructured Copper during Repeated Cold Rolling
Authors: Liu Lei , Zhang Han Zhuo , Zhao Qin Lan
Published: December 2012

Room temperature rolling tests were performed on a bulk nanostructured Cu with an average grain size of 90 nm. The results indicated a high thickness reduction ( ) of 92% without crack and an increased {220} texture as the rolling processes continued. Microstructure evolution of the deformed nanostructured Cu could be characterized by several deformation stages. Grain growth and coalescence was prevalent in the early deformation stage, while grain boundaries were impaired and replaced by dislocation interactions when 24%. Microhardness of the deformed nanostructured Cu increased sharply to a maximum value of 1.61 GPa at 8% and then slightly decreased to 1.58 GPa at 92%.
A Separation Method of 3D Engineering Surface with Correlation Analysis of NSCT Sub-Bands
Authors: Chui Ming Wei , Feng You Qian , Wang Wei , Xu Xiao Dong , Li Zheng Chao
Published: December 2012

The 3D engineering surfaces are comprised of a range of spatial frequency components, such as form, waviness and roughness. Filtering techniques are commonly adopted to separate the different components. To overcoming the shortcomings of traditional filtering method, a new separation method is proposed with the correlation analysis of sub-bands in nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) domain. The 3D engineering surface topography is decomposed into different sub-bands by NSCT, and the correlation coefficients of NSCT sub-bands with its parent and children sub-bands are calculated by Pearson correlation method. Then the roughness, waviness and form of 3D real surface topography are restructured respectively by the inverse NSCT based on the NSCT sub-bands which belong to different components. Finally, a group of 3D engineering surfaces are separated into different components, and the result shown that the proposed method can separate 3D engineering surface effectively.
Mission Reliability Modeling of Manufacturing Processes and System
Authors: Liu Yan Chao , Zhang Wen Jun , Fu Gui Cui , Li Nan
Published: December 2012

Mission reliability model is important for evaluation of the production capability of a manufacturing system. The manufacturing system mission reliability refers to the ability that the manufacturing system completes the production mission under specified conditions and within the specified time. The production mission includes two factors: quality of products and the productivity. Calculation of traditional evaluation parameters like Cpk and Ppk excludes the abnormal interruption of production and inspection errors. For some manufacturing systems with low degree of automation in the field of domestic weapons, both production disruptions and misjudgments in inspection processes have an impact on the mission reliability of the manufacturing system. A method of mission reliability modeling of discrete manufacturing system is proposed in this paper. The manufacturing system is composed of several processes. Abnormal interruption of production, inspection errors and substandard quality parameters of the products are involved in the modeling of the process mission reliability. The sequential and concurrent relationship between the processes is also taken into account in the modeling process.
Modeling and Simulation about the Web Running of the Web-Fed Printing Press System Based on Rigid Coupling
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Yi Ming , Wu Shu Qin , Li Jian Guo , Zhao Ming Ming
Published: December 2012

The stability and performance of the web running is one of the key factors of printing quality. Through the analysis of the mechanical structure of web running, movement rules and dynamic characteristics of the tape established the physical simulation model. A physical simuliation platform of the web-fed system was built based on technical load testing about feeding device, the feed rollers and tension control, a guidance for optimizing the structure, designing of high-performance presses on the basis of the experiment and web running was provided.
Analysis of Objective Decision for Engine Remanufacturing of Automotive Enterprise Based on AHP
Authors: Li Su Hua
Published: December 2012

Automotive enterprise engaged in the engine remanufacturing will be a sustainable green path，especially on the severe crisis of energy and environment. On the basis of putting forward the necessity of engine remanufacturing，this paper achieves the comprehensive index weights of all remanufactured engine decisions so as to guide enterprises engaged in engine remanufacturing business.
Identikit Creation with the Use of Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Kováč Milan , Schreiber Peter
Published: December 2012

The method for an identikit creating has been practically unchanged since its invention, despite the fact that it is low effective. By using genetic algorithms, faces are taken as wholes and are created by generations. Using crossover and mutation, they evolve themselves, so there is no need to work with individual parts. Witness chooses the best face in every generation, so he does not have to give a description. Faces are evolving until the witness is satisfied with the results.
A Study on Risk Assessment of the Commercial Development Stage of New Product in Manufacturing Enterprises
Authors: Liu Xiao Wei , Liu Xu Yun
Published: December 2012

The new product development of manufacturing Enterprises is not only complicated, expensive and more difficult,but the risk is higher.There will be many uncertain factors.An enterprise carries on the risk assessment,analyzes conclusion and proposes counter measures on the commercial development stage of new product in manufacturing enterprises by analyzing the risk factors and building an effective risk assessment index system including 6 first-level indicators and 22 secondary indicators of the commercial development stage of new product,along with the weight factor table method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,which will reduce the risk and improve success rate of new product development,thus providing a theoretical basis for enterprises to improve risk management capabilities.
Bolted Joints Disassembly: A Field Study for Thermal Influence on Large Diameters
Authors: Gitto Jean Philippe , Maranzana Nicolas , Segonds Frederic , Bessiere Bertrand
Published: December 2012

During maintenance operations, technicians have to work as quickly as possible. But they are often stopped during disassembly by blocked bolts or studs. This paper examines causes of blockage and suggests new method for disassembling bolted joint in this case. Several methods are analyzed and tested with finite element simulations. An experimental protocol to test a new disassembling method is also introduced in this paper
Computational Study on Influence of Water Injection Angle to Aluminum/Water Reaction Motor
Authors: He Zheng , Gu Xuan , Gao Ye
Published: December 2012

In Aluminum/Water Reaction Motor chamber, water injection angle plays an important role on mixture of aluminum particle fuel and water droplets and can affect motor performance further. On the basis of FLUENT software and taking phase transition and reaction between water droplets and aluminum particles into account, numerically simulated cases of different water injection angles by Particle Stochastic Trajectory Model. Computed total evaporation rate of water droplets, reaction rate of aluminum particles and specific impulse for the motor. Furthermore judged injection angle effect from these parameters. By comparison and analysis, it is found that hybrid injection case could get best multi-phase mixture effect and specific impulse performance for the motor. Namely axial injection angle with 45°in the main chamber and tangential injection angle with 60°in the afterburning chamber is the best case. The conclusion could provide a new idea for motor working process design.
Study of MB3 Mg Alloy by MAO Process in Different Electrolyte
Authors: Zheng Shun Qi , Li Xiao Jing , Zhu Li Ping , Chen Yun , Luo Jian Min
Published: December 2012

Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings were synthesized on MB3 magnesium alloy substrate. Two different electrolyte (Ⅰ) and electrolyte (Ⅱ) were adopted, and the performance of ceramic coatings was compared. The morphology feature, phase composition, and chemical composition of the formed coatings were studied by metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS), XRD, respectively. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was evaluated by salt spray test. The research results show that, the starting and terminal voltage are different during the oxidation process, they are 220V and 375V in the electrolyte (Ⅰ), and 150V and 270 V in electrolyte (Ⅱ). After MAO, The sample surface in electrolyte (Ⅰ) is light gray, and looks tender and smooth. The ceramic coatings obtained in electrolyte (Ⅱ) are relative rough and white in colour. But MAO coatings obtained in electrolyte (Ⅱ) has higher deposition rate. Salt spray test show the corrosion resistance of samples obtained in electrolyte (Ⅱ) are better than those in electrolyte (Ⅰ), which is related to the thickness of the MAO coatings.
Research Advances in Mobile Advertising Areas
Authors: Fang Zheng , Yang Yang , Deng Fu Min , Cai Jing
Published: December 2012

As the rapid development mobile phone and mobile internet, the mobile phone is considered as the import interface between brands and consumers by managers. Mobile advertising, whichis defined as “any form of marketing, advertising or sales promotion activity aimed at consumers and conducted over a mobile channel is becoming the new promising marketing channel. Given this importance, how to conduct mobile advertising campaign to increase advertising effect is an big challenge for CMOs. To help the CMO to understand the mobile advertising, this paper reviewed recent research advances in mobile advertising researches.
A Traffic Control Method Based on the Congestion Mechanism in an on-Ramp Traffic System with a Nearby Bus Stop
Authors: Zhao Xiao Mei , Wang Wei Wei , Song Gui Cui
Published: December 2012

In this paper, a control method based on the congestion mechanism is proposed in an on-ramp system with a nearby bus stop. The basic idea is to limit on-ramp vehicles entering main road when the traffic condition between on-ramp and the bus stop becomes worse, since traffic congestion is caused by traffic interaction between them. The simulation results show that the control method can reduce the vehicles’ collision between the main road and the on-ramp. The congestion on both main road and the on-ramp are alleviated. Comparisons between this method and previous one for single on-ramp control are made. The method in this paper can help main road remaining a good condition with only little drop-off of the on-ramp capacity. And traffic conditions on both main road and the on-ramp are better with the control of our method.
Parameters Control for Properties of Ferrofluid Used in Series Ferrofluid Sensor
Authors: Zhao Gang , Cui Hai Rong , Ding Qiu Li , Wang Xu Feng , Tian Shi Xi , Wang Zhuo Ping
Published: December 2012

Series ferrofluid based sensors are novel sensors which use ferrofluid as inductive core to measure signals. The physical properties of ferrofluid affect mostly on performance parameter of these series sensors. There is several generality regularity for ferrofluid appliedd in series sensors. This paper analyses the generality of parameter controlling for properties of ferrofluid used in series ferrofluid sensors. The working area of magnetization curve of ferrofluid used in series sensors should be in its linear area where the permeability of ferrofluid is considered as a constant. The magnetic nano-particles generally obtained by reaction of ferrous chloride and ferric chloride. With the increment of viscosity and density of ferrofluid, the saturation magnetic intensity of ferrofluid increases. The concentration of reacted solution is better to be 0.6mol/L. Saturation magnet intensity of magnetic nano-partcles is highest as the molar ratio of trivalent iron ion to bivalent iron ion is equal to 1.75. The reacted temperature is better between 65~80°C while PH value of solution is in a weak alkaline state.
A Design Methodology for Reverse Engineering Integrated with Anatomical CAD
Authors: Xiang Meng Qun , Cheng Si Yuan , Yang Xue Rong , Peng Hui Juan , Zhang Xiang Wei
Published: December 2012

In the conventional Reverse Engineering (RE), the first step is modeling industrial components from point cloud to parametric CAD model, and then the necessary design will be operated in a parametric CAD environment. Therefore the reverse engineering process is very time-consuming and error-prone. The Anatomical CAD means allowing the common Computer Aided Design operations on 3D anatomical data. 3-matic is a software package which equipped with an Anatomical Reverse Engineering module, with this module we can do the design operations on anatomical data. In this paper, we propose a new design methodology integrated with Anatomical CAD, which we can eliminate the first step of reverse engineering of the scanned data to a CAD format, save the time and work more accurately.
Numerical Simulation of Noise Radiation from Semi-Hermetic Reciprocating Food Refrigeration Compressors
Authors: Zhang Li , Zhang Yuan Yuan , Ma Yan Miao
Published: December 2012

The semi-hermetic reciprocating compressor is the dominant noise source of food refrigeration unit. Excessive noise and vibration have a negative impact on both people's health and work efficiency；moreover, it causes fatigue damage to machinery thus reducing its working life. In this paper, numerical simulation of noise radiation from semi-hermetic reciprocating food refrigeration was carried out by successful combination of Pro/E, Hypermesh, Nastran and Virtual Lab Acoustics software. The simulation results show that the low-frequency noise radiation near the end of the piston-cylinder is directional and stronger than that of the other side, which offers a valuable reference for noise reduction. In addition, the sound pressure dB curve of any field point can be obtained through the numerical simulation, and it clearly shows that sound pressure values away from the piston end are significantly lower than those at the piston side; and noise radiation energy of compressor concentrates at 500Hz and 1000Hz. This paper provides an effective research method for the semi-hermetic reciprocating compressor’s noise reduction
Optimization Design of Double-Helical Gear with High Contact Ratio
Authors: Zhao Ning , Qiu Peng Yuan , Hou Sheng Wen
Published: December 2012

Fast Elitist Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm is introduced in this paper to optimize the performance of double helical gears with high contact ratio.It is effective and timesaving. Numerical examples that illustrate the developed theory are provided. Feasibility of it is validated by analysis of contrast between Pareto optimal solutions and original data.
A New Method to Estimate Routine Based on the Motion Modes of Rockfall
Authors: Tang Hong Mei , Chen Hong Kai , Wu Ren Jie , Wang Lin Feng
Published: December 2012

This article divides the motion route into four phases: free fall, initial collision, in-flight and subsequent collision. There could be bounce, slippage or rolling movement in the phases of initial collision and subsequent impact. Based on the theory of movement mechanics, the certain methods on the motion direction, velocity and distance of each movement mode is established and the effected discrimination standard to distinguish the motion phases and modes is put forward.
Structural Post-Fire Behaviour of the Steel I-Shape Beams-to-Cylindrical Columns
Authors: Zeinoddini M. , Hosseini S.A. , Daghigh M. , Arnavaz S.
Published: December 2012

Previous researchers have tried to predict the response of different types of structures under elevated temperatures. The results are important in preventing the collapse of buildings in fire. Post-fire status of the structures is also of interest for ensuring the safety of rescue workers during the fire and in the post-fire situations. Determining the extent of the structural damage left behind a fire event is necessary to draw up adequate repair plans. Connections play an important role on the fire performance of different structures. Due to the high cost of fire tests, adequate experimental data about a broad range of connections is not available. A vulnerable type of such connections to fire is the weld connections between I-shape beams and cylindrical columns in oil platform topsides. Considering the high probability of fire in oil platforms, study of the behaviour of these connections at elevated temperatures and in the post-fire, is of great importance. In the current study, eight small scale experimental fire tests on welded connections between I-shape beams and cylindrical columns have been conducted. Four tests are aimed at investigating the structural performance of this connection at elevated temperature. In other tests, post-fire behaviour of these connections has been studied to investigate their residual structural strength.
Study of the Three-Dimensional Global Limit Equilibrium Method Applied to the Stability of Rock Slope
Authors: Huang Yi Sheng , Li Jian Lin
Published: December 2012

Amending the normal stress over the slip surface based on the stress field by numerical analysis, applying the three-dimensional global limit equilibrium method to the stability analysis of tension-slackened rock mass in the right bank of Yagen hydropower station. Stability analysis shows that if do not take any measures, the loose rock mass stability can cater to the Specification demand, but some small sliders is in the limit state under the water and earthquake condition, if use the cutting slope and unloading scheme, the whole loose rock mass and the all small sliders can meet the Specification standard stability requirements.
Study on the Physics and Mechanical Properties of Freeze-Thaw Soil and Undisturbed Soil
Authors: Wang Hong Mei , Wang Yu
Published: December 2012

The parameter of the undisturbed soil cannot be used simply in the engineering for the characteristics varied considerably. So the physics and mechanical characteristics of freeze-thaw soil are very important in the freezing method engineering. The physics and mechanical properties of freeze-thaw soil and undisturbed soil are compared by the experiment. And the data of test are shown that after the samples are frozen and thawed, density, dry density decrease and plastic limit decrease, void ratio increase a little, other physicals are similar. Permeability of mild clay greatly increased. Compressibility of mild clay decrease, but compressibility of fine sand increase. This can be used reference to model test, numerical analysis and project designing.
Research on WALKER Constitutive Model Tangent Modulus
Authors: Chen Yan , Wang Qing Wu , Shan Quan
Published: December 2012

In elasto-plasticity computation on materials by sub-increase finite element method, in general, it is necessary to calculate the consistent tangent modulus of elements. In this paper, based on the backward Euler integration, for an unified viscoplasticity constitutive equations, a new expression of consistent tangent modulus is derived for rate-dependent plasticity. The constitutive equations and consistent tangent modulus expression are implemented into a commercial finite element code-MARC. Numerical examples are given to verify the finite element implementation.This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.
Microcontroller System for Oil Refinery Parameters Measurements Based on Piezoresistive and Strain Gauge Pressure Sensors
Authors: Morsi Iman , Rasheed Loay Mohy El Din
Published: December 2012

In oil refinery there is a variety of physical parameters such as pressure, flow rate and level that need to be measured. A microcontroller system is built based on PIC 16F877A, piezoresistive differential pressure DP sensor (24PC series) and strain gauge DP sensor (IDP-10) with ranges from 0 to 15psi. The results of the microcontroller system showed that; the percentage error for piezoresistive sensor in pressure from 0.43808% to 8.613 %, in flow rate from 0.21929% to 20.340%, and in level from 0.43808% to 2.5789%. While the percentage error for strain gauge sensor from 0.846% to 1.946% for pressure measurement, from 0.1% to 0.4% for flow rate measurement and from 0% to 0.64% for level measurement. The percentage error of the piezoresistive sensor is more than the percentage error of the strain gauge sensor: for pressure measurement by about 6.667%, for flow rate measurement by about 19.94% and for level measurement by about 1.9389%. Fuzzy logic is used to predict the output surface of pressure, flow rate, and level measurements.
Calibration of the Wireless Unit of Micromechanical Accelerometers
Authors: Timoshenkov Alexey , Kalugin Victor , Timoshenkov Sergey P. , Mikheev Andrei
Published: December 2012

The report describes an original method of calibrating an autonomous unit of wireless accelerometers manufactured by Microdevices Laboratory, Ltd [1]. Without the use of precision rotary tables, centrifuges, and an independent basement (against vibrations), it is possible to reduce the error caused by the mismatch (not orthogonal)of sensor’s axes. Zero and scale factors of the sensor unit are calibrated with great precision. The calibration of the sensor unit with a measuring range of 2 g, produces the following results: the standard deviation of the vector g, measured in more than 100 different static positions is less than 0.001 g. Thus, the parameters of the initial three-axis accelerometer, used in the block of firm Microdevicelab, improved by more than 50 times.
Integration of System-Level Design and Detailed Design Models of Mechatronic Systems Based on SysML and Step AP 203 Standard
Authors: Liu Yu Sheng , Fan Hong Ri
Published: December 2012

In this study, a meta-model based method is proposed for automatic generation of STEP AP 203 file for mechanical part of the mechatronic system from the SysML model. System modeling technology in SysML is firstly presented and then the model of EXPRESS language is employed to transfer the information from SysML through the model transformation method. Based on the information parsed from the resulting EXPRESS model, the STEP file is finally generated by creating the B_REP model in STEP AP 203 standard. The proposed method is illustrated with a case study named as inverted pendulum system (IPS).
Conservativeness Judgement of Controller for Systems with Time-Varying Delay
Authors: Deng Jiu Ying , Deng Hui Fei , Xiong Jian Bin , Wang Qin Ruo
Published: December 2012

The conservatism of asymptotic stability conditions is considered in terms of linear matrix inequalities for time-varying delay systems. The conservative index is defined to evaluate the conservativeness for both delay-dependent and delay-independent stability conditions. The general results on performance analysis are presented based on descriptor system approach. The conservativeness index is defined for time-varying delay system. The optimization approach is given to obtain the upper delay and rational performances for the state-feedback controller of time-delay systems. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the new method.
Flow Microsensor of Thermal Type for Measurements of Gas Fluxes
Authors: Sazhin Oleg
Published: December 2012

An analytical model of the flow sensor of thermal type is developed. The results of the model application are used to develop a flow microsensor of thermal type with optimal functional characteristics. The technology of microsensor manufacturing is provided. The prototype of the microsensor suitable for use in the mass air flow meter is created. The basic characteristics of the microsensor are presented.
Design of PLC Timer System Based on ARM + FPGA
Authors: Yu Ling , Li Ke Jian , Cai Qi Zhong , Zhou Shu Guang
Published: December 2012

Based on the fact that a large number of timing controllers are needed in the applications like sequential logic control and programmable controller, this paper proposed a PLC timer system based on ARM+FPGA, in which ARM is used to execute user program while FPGA is used for timer operation in parallel. The FPGA timer module consists of timer controller, timer dynamic parameters and soft contact state register, the timer controller carries out counter operation for timing unit every 1ms, then results from timing operation would be saved in timer parameter list of a dual port RAM, when controller commands need to be executed via PLC, the timer will be used as a regular memory unit for W/R operation, thus no executing time of PLC program would be spared basically, which can well meet the system requirements where large number of controllers are needed. Simultaneously, principles of system composition, timing operation control and timing operation flow are all introduced followed by which a field test is also carried out for testament of the designed timer system.
Application of CNC Programming Technology in the during of Processing for the Key Parts of Disappearing Mould
Authors: Feng Xian Zhang , Wang Li Ping , Yu Li Hong , Jiang Zhi Qiang , Chen Liang Ji , Li Jing , Cui Yan Mei
Published: December 2012

Disappearing mould casting is a new accurately processes with nearly free margin and precision forming, in which is no modulus, no parting, no sand core, so the casting without splash, burr and taper angle. It can improve the dimensional accuracy of the core portfolio for complex surface of the key compose of the disappearing mould. It has completed the design and manufacturing of these by the three-dimensional CAD/CAM technology, and obtains a series of effective methods and experience for the development of the products. The researched results have important directive to production practices for the design and machining process for the expendable pattern casting.
The Design of Household Appliances Controller in Smart Home
Authors: Mao Ming Yi , Jiang Yuan Heng , Chen Zhi Cheng
Published: December 2012

The system based on the Internet of Things thought will be the direction of the future smart home. The paper designed a unified household appliances controller which is the core of the smart home system. It adopts RTL8019AS Ethernet controller to realize embedded Internet by which users can have access to remote control. And it uses maturing wireless Bluetooth technology to complete the communication between the controller and the sub-controlling system. S3C2410 is the embedded processor and μC/OS-II is the embedded OS. The entire controller is simple and efficient because of its all mature components.
Speech Emotion Recognition Based on Mixed MFCC
Authors: Zhou Ping , Li Xiao Pan , Li Jie , Jing Xin Xing
Published: December 2012

Due to MFCC characteristic parameter in speech recognition has low identification accuracy when signal is intermediate, high frequency signal, this paper put forward a improved algorithm of combining MFCC, Mid-MFCC and IMFCC, using increase or decrease component method to calculate the contribution that MFCC, Mid-MFCC and IMFCC each order cepstrum component was used in speech emotion recognition, extracting several order cepstrum component with highest contribution from three characteristic parameters and forming a new characteristic parameter. The experiment results show that under the same environment new characteristic parameter has higher recognition rate than classic MFCC characteristic parameter in speech emotion recognition.
A Study of Air Flow through Perforated Tile for Air Conditioning System in Data Center
Authors: Priyadumkol Jetsadaporn , Kittichaikarn Chawalit
Published: December 2012

The power trend of using server systems in data center is continuously increasing. Cooling system consumed 38% of total energy usage which is a significant contribution in the energy consumption. As a result, the efficient energy usage in data center is concerned.Normally a raised-floor is widely used in data center cooling system which delivers cool air through perforated tiles to a front of server racks. However it is usually found that this cool air cannot effectively remove a heat dissipation at the top of server racks. Therefore, the environmental condition in data center must be designed strictly to avoid disruption that caused by overheat.This paper gives some guidelines to help in the better design. Commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) program was used to analyze the air flow from raised-floor air conditioning system. A tetrahedral of 1.8 million meshes with k- turbulence model were used to obtain the air flow velocity and temperature distributions in the room. The model was validated by comparing simulation results with actual measurements. As a result, dimensionless parameters in the form of supply heat index(SHI), for understanding the optimization of relative airflow distribution to the heat load of server rack was found. It shows that these parameters provide an effective tool to the improvement of energy efficiency in raised floor data center.
Developing of Environmental Noise Control
Authors: Zhang Hai Ying , Ma Guo Xian
Published: December 2012

Environmental noise control is a compulsory special course for students of Environmental Engineering. Through leaning this course, the students should know basic knowledge of noise, noise control technologies and how to test and control environmental noise. With increasing importance attached on environment, requirement of noise control is more stringent than ever before. In order to maintain the competitiveness of undergraduates, it is necessary to give the course in bilingual language, especially those who study in Environmental Engineering. This paper first analyzes the characteristics and probes the problems of this course. Then it proposes a developing plan for the course from the following aspects: necessity of learning this course, course aims, course content, related courses and teaching methods.
A New Dimension in the Study of Human Functional Joint Instability
Authors: Liu Wen , Jain Tarang , Wauneka Clayton
Published: December 2012

Functional joint instability is common after joint soft tissue injuries. We present in this report our pilot finding in a study of functional ankle instability. Although past studies have suggested multiple pathological factors for functional ankle instability, none of those factors has been confirmed in the past studies. More importantly, no known factor can provide an explanation for an ankle giving way phenomenon which is a key element in defining a functional ankle instability. In this pilot study, we tested five subjects with functional ankle instability using a dynamic ankle stretching device combined with nociceptive electrical stimulation. Three out of five subjects showed a drastic reaction in which they totally gave up their control of upright standing after their affected ankles were under the combined ankle stretch and nociceptive stimuli. Such drastic reaction was not observed in the same ankles under only the ankle stretch. There was no such drastic reaction in the unaffected ankle under either testing condition. This pilot finding indicates a possibility of a hyper-reactivity to unloading reaction in the ankles with functional ankle instability
A Study on Image Representation Method Based on Biological Visual Mechanism
Authors: Shi Li , Niu Xiao Ke , Wang Zhi Zhong , Shi Hui Ge
Published: December 2012

Image representation is a key issue among many image processing tasks. By considering the problems faced by current general image representation methods, such as excessive computing amount, sensitivity to noise, lack of self-adaptability etc, a novel image representation method based on biologic visual mechanisms is proposed in this paper. Through simulating the primary visual cortex to realize the sparse representation of outside image it also introduced the synchronization mechanism to make it more accordant with visual system. Finally the presented method was verified by applying it to compress natural images and digital literature images respectively. The result showed that this new representation method is better than the general sparse representation method on both aspects of compression ratio and noise sensitivity.
Characteristic Parameters of Surface Electromyography Signals of Cervical Muscles
Authors: Wang Lin , Wang Hong , Fu Rong Rong , Zhang Ning Ning
Published: December 2012

Surface electromyography (SEMG) signals of cervical muscles are investigated by time-frequency analysis and biomechanics analysis. Medium frequency (MF) and integrated electromyography (IEMG) are extracted and analyzed from SEMG signals of subjects’ upper trapezius. The Experimental results show that the value of MF decreases and the value of IEMG increases with the increase of fatigue of the vertical muscles. Also, the values of IEMG at different testing points of same cervical muscle are compared. The value of IEMG with higher resistant moment is higher than that with lower resistant moment. That means the muscle with high resistance moment is easier to be fatigue. This investigation is important for people, especially those who work/read with bowing head or before computer for a long time, to prevent cervical spondylosis.
Modeling of Temperature in Orthopaedic Drilling Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Pandey Rupesh Kumar , Panda S.S.
Published: December 2012

Bone drilling is a common procedure to produce hole for screw insertion to fixate the fracture devices and implants during orthopaedic surgery. A major problem which is encountered during such a procedure is the increase in temperature of the bone due to the plastic deformation of chips and the friction between the bone and drill. This increase in temperature can result in thermal osteonecrosis which may delay healing or reduce the stability and strength of the fixation. In the present work, prediction of temperature in drilling of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) (as a substitute for bone) is carried out using fuzzy logic. The effectiveness of the fuzzy model is compared with the experimental results. Good agreement is observed between the predictive model values and experimental values which indicates that that the developed model can be effectively used to determine the temperature in the bone drilling.
The Sufficient Condition for the Existence of Periodic Solution of Certain Three Dimensional Nonlinear Dynamical Systems
Authors: Li Jing , Quan Ting Ting , Jin Xiao Dong
Published: December 2012

In this paper, the sufficient condition for the existence of periodic solution of a class of three dimensional nonlinear dynamical systems is investigated. The moving Frenet frame is established on the closed orbit and the successor functions near the closed orbit are defined. According to the study of the existence of solution of the equation which obtained from the successor functions with the implicit function theorem, the sufficient condition for the existence of periodic solution of these systems is obtained. The results in this paper have important significance to decide the existence of periodic solution of three dimensional nonlinear dynamical systems.
Effects of Time Dependent Temperature and Thermal Radiation on Free Convection Flow in Unsteady Couette Motion
Authors: Narahari Marneni , Yahya Noorhana
Published: December 2012

The effect of thermal radiation on free convection flow in unsteady Couette motion between vertical parallel plates has been investigated subject to a time dependent temperature boundary condition at the moving plate. Rosseland diffusion approximation is used to describe the radiative heat flux in the energy equation. Analytical solutions of the dimensionless governing equations are derived using the Laplace transform technique. The velocity and temperature profiles are shown on graphs, the variation of skin-friction, Nusselt number, volume flow rate and vertical heat flux are presented in tabular form. The effects of system parameters such as Grashof number, radiation parameter and time on the flow fields have been discussed in detail.
Grid Validations for Downburst Simulations
Authors: Dang Hui Xue , Yang Feng Li , Yang Jing Bo
Published: December 2012

Downbursts, which resulted from the flow downdraft in thunderstorms, have become one of the most destructive disasters to buildings including transmission towers, etc. This disaster has drawn researchers’ interests and progresses have been continuously made by employing test and numerical tools. Accounting for the grid validations in the numerical simulation of downbursts, eight grids with different grid point distributions are generated, and then their corresponding flow fields are calculated by solving Navier-Stokes equations. The numerical results are compared with test results to investigate the influence of grid distributions onto numerical results. The results indicate that, numerical fidelity could be improved by refining grids in the zone with strong horizontal wind; while local grid refinement at inlet boundary could deteriorate numerical accuracy when the grid point number is kept constant, hence uniform grid distribution is recommended at inlet boundary without any grid refinement.
Semi-Orthogonal Binary Spline Wavelets in Incompressible Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Chan Steve Wai , Lai King Fai , Syed Mansoor
Published: December 2012

Jia and coworkers [1] have shown that with =M_N and  ̃=M_1as a pair of locally supported refinable functions, one can construct a function, _N(N being an odd integer) given by _N≔∑_(j=0)^N▒〖((-1)^j)/2 [M_(N+1) (j)+M_N (j+1) ] M_N (2∙-j)〗. Here M_N is a binary spline function of degree N. For r =0, 1, 2, …, N-1, the set {2^(j/2) _N^((r) ) (2^j∙-j);j,k ϵ Z} is a Riesz basis for L_2 (R). This base involves the first N-1 derivatives of the generating function and therefore is useful for dynamical systems with derivative constraints.
Two-Dimension Temperature Field Reconstruction in Furnace by Acoustic Method
Authors: Jia Li Na , Gao Yan , Lu De Cai
Published: December 2012

Acoustic temperature measurement technology is a new temperature measuring technology which is rising in recent years. This paper discusses a kind of reconstruction method of temperature field based on acoustic pyrometer. First , acoustic sensors has been used to obtain measurement data, and the technique of wavelet has been used to denoise in order to improve the accuracy of measurement , secondly, the least-squares algorithm has been used to reconstruct temperature field. Finally, we work out our own acoustic temperature measurement system and has got the satisfying result using our own acoustic pyrometer to detect two-dimension temperature field in the laboratory.