bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increased ATPase activity promotes heat-resistance, high-yield, and high-quality traits in rice by improving the energy status
Authors: Ma Jiaying , Chen TingTing , Xu Chunmei , Jiang Ning , Li Guangyan , Fu Weimeng , Feng Baohua , Wang Danying , Wu Zhihai , Tao Longxing , guanfu Fu
Published: January 2024

Heat stress during the reproductive stage results in major losses in
yield and quality, which might be mainly caused by an energy imbalance.
However, how energy status affected heat response, yield and quality
remains unclear. No relationships were observed among the heat
resistance, yield, and quality of the forty-nine early rice cultivars
under normal temperature conditions. However, two cultivars,
Zhuliangyou30 (ZLY30) than Luliangyou35 (LLY35), differing in heat
resistance, yield, and quality were detected. The yield was higher and
the chalkiness degree was lower in ZLY30 than in LLY35. Decreases in
yields and increases in the chalkiness degree with temperatures were
more pronounced in LLY35 than in ZLY30. The accumulation and allocation
(ratio of the panicle to the whole plant) of dry matter weight and
non-structural carbohydrates were higher in ZLY30 than in LLY35 across
all sowing times and temperatures. The ATP content was higher in the
grains of LLY35 than in ZLY30, whereas the ATPase activity, which
determined the energy status, was significantly lower in the former than
in the latter. Thus, increased ATPase activity, which improved the
energy status of rice, was the factor mediating the balance among
heat-resistance, high-yield, and high-quality traits in rice.
The role of leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors focusing on the therapeutic implications of the subfamily B2
Authors: Sun Haopeng , Hu Yanyu , Lu Xin , Qiu Wemin , Liu Hui , Wang Qinghua , Feng Feng , Liu Wenyuan , Chen Yao
Published: January 2024

The leukocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptors (LILRs), is constituted
by five inhibitory subpopulations (LILRB1-5) and six stimulatory
subpopulations (LILRA1-6). The LILR populations substantially reside in
immune cells, especially myeloid cells, functioning as a regulator in
immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory responses, during which the
nonclassical MHC class I molecules are widely involved. In addition,
LILRs are also distributed in certain tumor cells, implicated in the
malignancy progression. Collectively, the suppressive Ig-like LILRB2 is
relatively well-studied to date. Herein, we summarized the whole family
of LILRs and their biologic function in various diseases upon ligation
to the critical ligands, therefore providing more information on their
potential roles in these pathological processes and giving the clinical
significance of strategies targeting LILRs.
Ironing out the problem of outpatient infusion wait times: look for process improvements first
Authors: Sekhon Tina , Tejani Aaron
Published: January 2024

Rationale, aims and objectives: Iron sucrose remains a top expenditure
in Fraser Health Authority. Audit data from an iron sucrose standardized
order set (SSO) pilot coupled with the addition of iron isomaltoside to
formulary resulted in the implementation of a regional SSO. Survey
objectives were to clarify how iron infusion referrals are triaged,
determine iron infusion wait times and identify what other services can
impact wait times prior to regional SSO implementation. Method:
Information was collected from a web-based survey sent to outpatient
unit staff at all 11 sites within the health authority Results: Survey
response rate was 73%. Urgent and non-urgent referral definitions
varied and included laboratory parameters, prescriber specification,
consideration of procedure dates and evidence of symptoms. Urgent
referrals wait times are usually within the same week and non urgent
wait times varied from same week booking to up to 3 months. Outpatient
units provide a multitude of services that require urgent appointment
times that may require scheduling ahead of non-urgent iron infusion
referrals. Outpatient clinics deal with multiple other clinical reasons
other than iron infusions which contribute complicate the triage and
booking process and can lead to long wait times. Wait time reduction
could be the result of utilizing a SSO that displayed all the
information required by clinic staff and streamlined the booking process
rather than the addition of iron isomaltoside to formulary. Conclusions:
With the implementation of a regional SSO the iron infusion referral
process may be simplified, thereby shortening appointment wait times. It
is recommended that comparable information regarding iron infusion wait
times be collected after these changes in practice.
Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for Riemann-Liouville Fractional Integrals via strongly h-convex functions
Authors: Xing Yi , Jiang Chaoqun , Ruan Jianmiao
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we establish Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for
Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals via strongly h-convex functions.
Some midpoint type and trapezoid type estimates related to them for
n-times differentiable functions are also obtained, which extend some
known results.
Optimization of NGL separation process with maximum quality and energy reduction
Authors: Sabeghi Narjes , Kiani Behrooz , Ghanbari Reza , Ghorbani-Moghadam Khatere
Published: January 2024

There are different methods to separate Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) from
natural gas. One of these methods is refrigeration. Temperature
reduction occurs in the dew point adjustment part to condense the NGL.
The aim of this paper is to present a methodology for optimizing the NGL
production process by calculating the best quantity for some set-points
(the temperature, pressure, and etc for some vessels or other equipment)
and at the same time try to reduce the energy consumption. To do this,
we use a hybrid algorithm including a Genetic Algorithm (NSGA II) and
Artificial Neural Network system (ANN). Indeed, in this research, we
define a multi-objective problem and try to investigate more solutions
for finding the best pareto-front. Therefore, it needs more time for
evaluating solutions, for this reason, by using learning methods such as
ANN, the behavior of the system is learned. Using ANN for evaluating the
solutions is faster than simulation methods. We solve the defined
multi-objective problem by using of NSGAII. In order to design a tool
that is a decision-helper for selecting the appropriate set-points, the
ability of the ANN algorithm along with multi-objective optimization is
evaluated. We implement our proposed algorithm on one of the Iranian
chemical factories knowing as the NGL plant, which separates the Natural
Gas Liquid (NGL) from natural gas as the case study of this article. We
show the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm by using the
nonparametric statistical Kruskal-Wallis.
Measles and Influenza A/H3N2 Coinfection in a Measles Suspected Infant from Iran
Authors: Esmaeiloghli Alireza , sadeghi kaveh , Jandaghi Nazanin Shafiei , Salimi Vahid , Yavarian Jila , Zadheidar sevrin , mokhtari-azad Talat
Published: January 2024

Measles is an acute infectious disease which is highly contagious. This
illness is caused by a negative sense, single-stranded RNA virus
belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family. In spite of having a highly
effective vaccine, measles is still a public health concern. In October
2019, Iran has achieved the status of measles elimination using
effective vaccination strategies and surveillance system based on WHO
recommendations. However, recent COVID-19 pandemic disrupted impeccable
immunization services and altered health-seeking behaviors worldwide.
Herein, we report a case of measles and influenza co-infection in a nine
month-old infant from Bushehr province of Iran
Real-world high adherence to Hepatitis B antiviral treatment practice guidelines in Israel
Authors: Davidov Yana , Baker Fadi Abu , Israel Ariel , Ari Ziv Ben
Published: January 2024

Rationale, aims and objectives: Epidemiologic data regarding chronic
hepatitis B virus infections in Israel is limited as large
population-based study have not been performed. This work aimed to
evaluate the current characteristics of hepatitis B infection among
Israeli adults, and to evaluate adherence to European Association for
the Study of the Liver practice guidelines for antiviral treatment.
Methods: Clinical and demographic data of HBsAg-positive patients
registered in the Leumit-Health-Service database (one of the four major
health maintenance organizations in Israel) between 2000-2019 were
retrieved. Patients were compared according to eligibility to antiviral
treatment and type of nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment. Results: In
total, 1216 patients had documented HBsAg positivity (males 58.6%, mean
age 40.2±14.2 years), 90.6% of whom were HBeAg negative. Antiviral
therapy eligibility was met by 37% of patients, among whom 89%
received antiviral therapy. Antiviral therapies include NA with a high
barrier to resistance (HBR) (64.5%) (entecavir 36.3% and tenofovir
28.2%) and NA with a low barrier to resistance (LBR) (35.5%) (adefovir
1.7% and lamivudine 33.8%). Compared to patients who received LBR NA,
patients receiving HBR NA had shorter treatment (68.7±50vs.161.5±42.6
months, p<0.0001) and follow-up duration (125±68vs.188±48
months, p<0.0001); at the end of follow-up, ALT levels and
APRI score were higher among patients on LBR NA compared to patients on
HBR NA. Conclusion: Most patients received antiviral treatment according
to the international practice guidelines. However, one-third of them
were treated with a less potent NA, probably due to their lower cost.
These findings should encourage the optimization of HBV care and full
compliance with the professional practice guidelines recommendations.
Mechanical properties of particleboard made from leather shavings and waste papers
Authors: Kibet Tabitha , Tuigong David , Maube Obadiah , Igadwa Josphat
Published: January 2024

The demand for particle board has been increasing over the years.
Currently, most particleboards are produced from wood which may not be
sustainable in the long term. Therefore, there is need of exploring
alternative materials such as making particleboards from waste
materials. This study investigated the mechanical properties of
particleboard consisting of waste leather shavings and waste papers
blended together by unsaturated polyester. A single-layered
particleboards were manufactured using compression method. Different
resin content (60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%) and leather/paper ratios
(1:1, 1:3, 3:1) were used to determine the effects on the mechanical
properties (internal bond, bending strength, compression and impact
strength) of fabricated boards. From the results of this study, it was
found that leather shavings and waste papers can be used as alternative
raw materials for particleboard production and that mechanical
properties were depended on the resin content and the blend ratio. Also,
mechanical properties were reduced with resin content increment, except
for impact strength and improved by high paper blend ratio
Attitudes and concerns of nursing students against the COVID-19 vaccine, willingness to be vaccinated: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dasikan Zeynep , WAISWA Mashood Katuntu
Published: January 2024

Background: COVID-19 vaccine acceptance by the nurses of the future is
important to increase the population immunity. Aim: This study aimed to
determine the attitudes and concerns of nursing students towards the
coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, their willingness to be
vaccinated, and the factors affecting their willingness in the second
wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This cross-sectional study was
conducted between February 1, 2021, to March 30, 2021, using an online
questionnaire in 498 nursing students in Turkey. Results: While 64.5%
of nursing students had the intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19,
35.5% had no intention to be vaccinated (29.3% hesitant and 6.2%
unwilling). Students expressed their attitudes and concerns on the lack
of COVID-19 vaccine information (65.7%), its effectiveness (41.6%),
safety (45.8%), and side effects (50.8%). Students did not intend to
be vaccinated due to insufficient trust in the vaccine effectiveness
(84%), the continuous COVID-19 mutation, vaccines side effects
(68.9%), and not trusting the supplied vaccine (55.4%). Students’ high
education level, high family income perception, previous vaccine
rejection, family members with COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 information
from official institutions, trusting health professionals’ COVID-19
explanations, and attitudes and concerns toward vaccines for their
intention to be vaccinated are the affecting factors (p <
0.05). Conclusions: Nursing students are known to be future healthcare
professionals and play a decisive role in counseling individuals in the
community on the risks of COVID-19 and the benefits of the vaccine.
Therefore, focusing on training that is aimed at increasing vaccine
knowledge, eliminating their negative attitudes and concerns, and
building confidence in vaccines is necessary.
A third (fourth) order stable computational scheme for 2D Burgers type nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations on a non-uniformly spaced grid network
Authors: Jha Navnit , Wagley Madhav
Published: January 2024

An implicit compact scheme is proposed to approximate the solution of
parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) of Burger’s type in
two-dimensions. These nonlinear PDEs are essential because of the
description of various mechanisms in engineering and physics. The
nonlinear convective and advection are discretized with high-order
accuracy on an arbitrary grid, which results in a family of
high-resolution discrete replacements of given PDEs. The essence of the
new scheme lies in its compact character and two-level single-cell
discretization so that one discrete equation leads to the accuracy of
orders three or four depending upon the choice of the grid network. The
consistency and stability preserving third-order spatial accuracy and
second-order accurate time discretization are described by Fourier
analysis applied to the linearized error equations. The scheme is used
for solving celebrated nonlinear PDEs, such as the non-degenerate
convection-diffusion equation, generalized Burgers-Huxley equation,
Buckley-Leverett equation, and Burgers-Fisher equation. Many
computational results are presented to demonstrate the high-resolution
character of the newly proposed scheme.
A spectrally accurate time-space pseudospectral method for reaction-diffusion Malaria infection model
Authors: MITTAL AVINASH
Published: January 2024

Malaria is a possibly dangerous infection brought about by a parasite.
This infection is more normal in nations with heat and humidities.
Because of chromosomal changes, the elements of malaria parasites are
very mind-boggling to study up just as for any predictions. A
reaction-diffusion model to characterize the elements inside have
Malaria contamination with versatile safe reactions is concentrated in
this paper. The aim of the paper is to develop and analyze a spectrally
accurate pseudospectral method in time and space to find the approximate
solution of the reaction-diffusion model. The approximate solution is
represented in terms of basis functions. The spectral coefficients are
found in such a way that the residual becomes minimum. Error estimates
for interpolating polynomials are derived. The computational experiments
are carried out to corroborate the theoretical results and to compare
the present method with existing methods in the literature. The
registered mathematical outcomes are in great concurrence with those
generally accessible in the writing. Simple to apply and accomplish
exact arrangement in less time is the solid place of the current
strategy.
Limited sex differences in plastic responses suggest evolutionary conservatism of thermal reaction norms: a meta-analysis in insects
Authors: Teder Tiit , Taits Kristiina , Kaasik Ants , Tammaru Toomas
Published: January 2024

Temperature has a profound effect on the growth and development of
ectothermic animals. However, the extent to which ecologically-driven
selection pressures can adjust thermal plastic responses in growth
schedules is not well understood. Comparing such responses between sexes
provides a promising but underexploited approach to evaluating the
evolvability of thermal reaction norms: males and females share largely
the same genes and immature environments but experience different
ecological selection pressures. In this study, we performed a
meta-analysis of sex-specific thermal responses in insect development
times. We show that sex-specific responses of development times to
temperature variation are broadly similar. Moreover, sex differences in
thermal plasticity are considerably less pronounced than sex differences
in plastic responses induced by variations in larval diet. Our results
point at the existence of substantial constraints on the evolvability of
thermal reaction norms in insects, an essential aspect to consider in
predicting evolutionary responses to climate warming.
A HOMOGENEOUS TREATMENT FOR NON-DIPG DIFFUSE MIDLINE GLIOMA
Authors: Schiavello Elisabetta , Biassoni Veronica , Gattuso Giovanna , Podda Marta , Chiaravalli Stefano , Barretta Francesco , Antonelli Manila , Cecco Loris De , pecori emilia , gandola lorenza , Massimino Maura
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma (DMG) was first
included in the WHO Classification of CNS (central nervous system)
tumors in 2016, and confirmed in its fifth edition. The biological
behavior and dismal prognosis of this tumor resemble DIPG (diffuse
intrinsic pontine gliomas). Homogeneously-treated series are rarely
reported. Methods. From 2016 onwards, we treated patients with DMG with
radiotherapy and concomitant/adjuvant nimotuzumab/vinorelbine, plus
re-irradiation at relapse, as already done for DIPG
(DOI10.1007/s11060-014-1428-z). Results. We treated nine patients, seven
females, median age at diagnosis of 13 years-old. Tumor sites were:
thalamic in five cases, pontocerebellar in two, pineal in one, and
paratrigonal with nodular/leptomeningeal dissemination in one. Three
patients were biopsied, and six had partial tumor resections. Central
review of the pathologists’ diagnoses was performed. The median time to
local progression was 12.7 months, and the median overall survival was
17.8 months. Six patients died of tumor progression, one of cerebral
bleeding whose tumor was progressing. Two were alive, one in continuous
remission, the other after a relapse, at 38.6 and 46.3 months after
diagnosis, respectively. Progression-free survival was 33.3% at one
year. Overall survival was 88.9%, 33.3% and 22.2% at 1, 2 and 3
years, respectively. Conclusions. This is one of only a handful of
reports on homogeneously-treated series. The results obtained are
comparable with those seen in patients with DIPG. Given the
phenotypically- and molecularly-defined setting of DMG and severe
outcome in this orphan population, they should be treated and included
in registries and protocols of DIPG.
Leukoencephalopathy Secondary To Methotrexate Therapy In Patients Of ALL And Its Relationship With Serum Homocysteine, Vitamin B12 And Folate Levels: A Prospective Study
Authors: Lahoti Akshay , DAS PRABODHA , MOHAPATRA SONALI , NAIK SUPRAVA , PANIGRAHI ASHUTOSH , BHUYAN BISWAJIT
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND MTX induced neurotoxicity is often associated with LE, and
diagnosed by white matter hyperintensities in MRI. This study was done
to study: 1) risk and prevalence of LE in ALL receiving MTX through
sequential MRI brain. 2) Safety of re-administration of MTX in toxic LE.
3) Relationship of serum homocysteine, B12 and folate with MTX induced
LE. METHODOLOGY 34 pediatric ALL/lymphoblastic Lymphoma patients of age
≤18 years between June 2019 and 2020 were enrolled. Induction
chemotherapy was initiated as per modified ALL IC BFM 2002 protocol. All
patients underwent MRI brain and serum homocysteine, B12, folate level
sequentially as per protocol at 4 occasions. 1st – at diagnosis; 2nd –
post consolidation; 3rd – post extra compartment therapy; 4th – in
maintenance. RESULTS LE secondary to MTX occurred in 7of116(6.03%) on
MRI brain in 5of33(15.15%) patients of which 1(3.03%) had symptomatic
LE and 4(12.12%) were asymptomatic. There was no difference in
incidence with respect to mode of MTX administration. There was no
increase in incidence after 4 courses of HD-MTX. MRI at baseline was not
a predictor of development of LE. 3of5 LE patients had abnormal
B12/folate/homocysteine with corresponding abnormal MRI brain. Low
folate and/or b12 levels also led to increased systemic toxicity in few
patients post methotrexate therapy. t(1:19) and t(9:22) were associated
with leukoencephalopathy but t(12:21) was not associated with LE.
CONCLUSION Most patients of MTX induced LE can be rechallenged with MTX.
MRI at baseline is not a predictor of development of LE.
Effects of itraconazole and rifampicin on the pharmacokinetics and safety of youkenafil in healthy Chinese male subjects
Authors: Wang Keli , Ding Juefang , Li Xianjing , Guo Wenjing , Zhu Xingyu , Su Yue , Sun Luning , Zhou Huan , Ding Li
Published: January 2024

Aims: Youkenafil is a novel selective phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor
to treat erectile dysfunction. Since it was mainly metabolized through
cytochrome P450 3A4/5 (CYP3A4/5) in vitro, the effects of itraconazole
and rifampicin (potent CYP3A4/5 inhibitor and inducer, respectively) on
the pharmacokinetics of youkenafil and its main metabolite (M1) were
investigated in two clinical studies. Methods: Each study enrolled
thirty healthy male subjects. In study 1, subjects were given a single
dose of youkenafil (50 mg on Days 1 and 13) and multiple doses of
itraconazole (200 mg once daily from Days 6 to 14). In study 2, subjects
were given a single dose of youkenafil (100 mg on Days 1 and 20) and
multiple doses of rifampicin (600 mg once daily from Days 6 to 20).
Results: Itraconazole significantly increased the systemic exposure to
youkenafil and M1. The geometric mean ratios (GMRs) and their 90%
confidence intervals (CIs) for the AUC0-t, AUC0-∞ and Cmax of youkenafil
were 1198.58% (900.33%–1595.63%), 1162.54% (874.69%–1545.11%)
and 632.17% (500.40%–798.64%), respectively. Conversely, rifampicin
significantly decreased the systemic exposure to youkenafil but had a
slight effect on M1. The GMRs (90% CI) for the AUC0-t, AUC0-∞ and Cmax
of youkenafil were 1.72% (1.27%–2.33%), 1.80% (1.33%–2.43%) and
1.77% (1.27%–2.47%), respectively. All subjects tolerated well in
both studies. Conclusion: Itraconazole increased youkenafil AUC and Cmax
by 12- and 6-fold, respectively. Rifampicin decreased youkenafil AUC and
Cmax both by about 98%. Therefore, combined administration of
youkenafil with potent inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A4/5 should be
avoided or carefully monitored.
Identification of gluten and the major milk allergens Bos d 5 and Bos d 11 within commercially available honey samples.
Authors: K Klekotko, , Bermingham M. , Oliver Maria , Blaxland J.A
Published: January 2024

Background: Although allergic reactions to honey are rare, there have
been documented systemic allergic reactions following ingestion of
honey. Moreover, there have been reports of supplementary bee feeding,
honey adulteration and mould contamination in beehives that identify a
potential for gluten and allergenic presence in honey. As such, this
study aimed to investigate whether honey samples contained detectable
levels of gluten, food and mould allergens that could pose a risk to
consumers. Methods: Honey samples (n=40) of UK, EU and Non-EU origin
were extracted and analysed for gluten using the R5 immunoassay and for
major allergen content using quantitative multiplex arrays for allergens
from milk, egg, peanut, soy, hazelnut, cashew and moulds. Results:
Gluten was identified in 28% of samples analysed at concentrations
ranging 2.5 to 13.8ppm. Milk allergens Bos d 5 and Bos d 11 were
detected in 7% of samples, in concentrations ranging
0.37mg/kg-0.57mg/kg and 0.03mg/kg-0.18mg/kg respectively. Samples
positive for milk allergen also contained detectable levels of gluten.
No detectable amounts of egg, peanut, soy, hazelnut, cashew or mould
allergen was identified in the samples. Conclusion: This novel study is
the first of its kind in the identification of gluten and milk allergens
within honey. Consumers may take reassurance in that levels of gluten
detected in all samples fell below the current 20ppm ‘gluten free’
threshold. Similarly, none of the samples analysed for milk allergen
content exceeded VITAL 3.0 reference doses. However, caution may be
required for repeated consumption, leading to accumulating doses of
gluten and allergen.
The atom-bond connectivity energy of trees
Authors: Song Xiaodi , Li Jianping , Zhang Jianbin , He Weihua
Published: January 2024

The atom-bond connectivity energy (ABC energy) of an undirected graph
$G$, denoted by $\mathcal{E}_{ABC}(G)$, is
defined as the sum of the absolute values of the ABC eigenvalues of
$G$. Gao and Shao [The minimum ABC energy of trees, Linear Algebra
Appl. 577 (2019) 186-203] proved that the star $S_n$ is the unique
tree with minimum ABC energy among all trees on $n$ vertices. In this
paper, we characterize the trees with the minimum ABC energy among all
trees on $n$ vertices except the star $S_n$.
Early model-based precision-dosing at home to guide adalimumab therapy
Authors: Klaver Paul de , Keizer Ron , Heine Rob ter , Hoentjen Frank , Boekema Paul , Kuntzel Inge , Schaap Tiny , Vries Annick de , Bloem Karien , Rispens Theo , Smits Lisa , Derijks Luc
Published: January 2024

1. Aims Underdosing of adalimumab can result in non-response and poor
disease control. In this study we investigated the prediction of
adalimumab levels with population pharmacokinetic model-based Bayesian
forecasting early in therapy. This way underexposed non-responders can
possibly be identified early to optimise disease control. 2. Methods A
literature study was performed to identify adalimumab pharmacokinetic
models. With data from a previous pharmacokinetic adalimumab study a
model was evaluated retrospectively. In the prospective phase, a
fit-for-purpose evaluation of the model was performed for rheumatologic
and inflammatory bowel disease patients with peak, trough and control
adalimumab samples obtained by a volumetric absorptive microsampling
technique and administration data from an electronic needle container.
Steady state adalimumab levels were predicted from peak and trough
levels collected after the first adalimumab administration. Predictive
performance was calculated with mean prediction error (MPE) and
normalized root mean square error (RMSE). 3. Results An existing
pharmacokinetic model was selected with external validation for the
prospective phase. Thirty-six patients (22 rheumatologic and 14 IBD)
were included in our study. After stratification for absence of
anti-adalimumab antibodies, the calculated MPE was -2.6% and normalised
RMSE 24.0%. Concordance between predicted and measured adalimumab serum
levels falling within or outside the therapeutic window was 75%. Three
patients (8.3%) developed detectable levels of anti-adalimumab
antibodies. 4. Conclusion This prospective study demonstrates that
adalimumab levels at steady state can be predicted from early samples.
This concept enables early precision dosing at home to guide therapy.
Unbounded Solutions of Third-Order Infinite Interval Problems Relevant to the Laminar Mixing Layer
Authors: Pei Minghe , Wang Libo , Lv Xuezhe
Published: January 2024

In this paper, firstly, we apply the shooting method together with the
Bolzano’s theorem and the maximum principle to present the existence,
uniqueness, and qualitative properties of solutions to nonlinear
third-order two-point boundary value problems on the half-line. And
then, by employing the matching method, the existence, uniqueness, and
qualitative properties of solutions to nonlinear third-order three-point
boundary value problems on the whole real line are obtained. Finally, as
applications, we mainly present the existence, uniqueness, and
qualitative properties of solutions of the Blasius equations
$y’‘’+yy’‘=0$ with one of the following boundary conditions $$
y’(-\infty)=C,~ y(0)=0,~
y’(+\infty)=1~
\hbox{with}~ 0\leq
C<1, $$ $$ y’(-\infty)=C,~
y’‘’(0)=0,~
y’(+\infty)=1~
\hbox{with}~0\leq
C<1, $$ which arise from the laminar mixing layer between
two parallel flows with different velocities.
Subsequent primary neoplasms in survivors of childhood cancer in Slovenia -- trends and risk factors
Authors: Mazič Maja Česen , Reulen Raoul , Jazbec Janez , Zadravec Lorna Zaletel
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT Aim To investigate long-term risk and spectrum of subsequent
primary neoplasm (SPN) in childhood cancer patients in Slovenia; and to
identify how trends in therapy influenced cumulative incidence of SPN.
Methods The population-based cohort comprises 3271 childhood cancer
patients diagnosed in Slovenia aged ≤ 18 years between 1961 and 2013
with a follow-up through 2018. Main outcome measures are standardised
incidence ratios (SIRs), absolute excess risks (AERs), and cumulative
incidence of SPN. Results After median follow-up time of 21.5 years for
5-year survivors, 230 patients experienced 273 SPN, including 183
subsequent malignant neoplasm (SMN), 34 meningiomas and 56 nonmelanoma
skin cancers. 10.5% patients received radiotherapy only, 31%
chemotherapy only, 26.9% a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy
and 16.1% surgery only. The overall SIR was almost 3 times more than
expected (SIR 2.9, 95% CI 2.5 to 3.3), with survivors still at 1.7-fold
increased risk after 40 years from diagnosis. The observed cumulative
incidence of developing an SMN at 40 years after childhood cancer
diagnosis was significantly lower for patients having surgery only
(Pheterogeneity<0.001). Despite reduced use of radiotherapy
after 1995 there is no significant difference in cumulative incidence of
developing an SMN for the first 15 years after diagnosis (p=0.36).
Conclusion Risks of developing a SMN in this study are similar to other
population-based cohorts. What is new, are treatment data for our
cohort, showing that most intensive treatment with radiotherapy and
chemotherapy was implemented later in practice and radiotherapy also
declined slower compared to high income countries.
PFMT relevant strategies to prevent perineal trauma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: cao xiao , Yang Qiuyu , Wang Qi , Hu Shasha , Hou Liangying , Sun Mingyao , Lai Honghao , Wu Cailiang , Wu Yu , Xiao Lin , Luo Xiaofeng , Tian Jinhui , Ge Long , Luo Chenling
Published: January 2024

Abstract Background Perineal trauma refers to damage to the genitalia
during the birthing process and can occur spontaneously or as a result
of an episiotomy or female genital mutilation (FGM). Objective To
perform a systematic review and network meta-analysis investigating the
effectiveness of different PFMT relevant strategies in the prevention of
perineal trauma. Search strategy PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library,
CINAHL, CNKI, CBM, WANFANG DATABASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov were
searched for citations published in any language from inception to 1
July 2021. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of
PFMT relevant prevention strategy to prevent perineal trauma in pregnant
women. Data collection and analysis Data were independently extracted by
two reviewers. Relative treatment effects were estimated using network
meta-analysis (NMA). Main results Of 12632 citations screened, 21 RCTs
were included. Comparing with usual care, “PFMT combine with perineal
massage” and PFMT alone showed more superiority in intact perineum
(RR=5.37, 95%CI: 3.79 to 7.60, moderate certainty; RR=2.58, 95%CI:
1.34 to 4.97, moderate certainty), episiotomy (RR=0.26, 95%CI: 0.14 to
0.49, very low certainty; RR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.45 to 0.90, very low
certainty), and OASIS (RR=0.35, 95%CI: 0.16 to 0.78, moderate
certainty; RR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.28 to 0.85, high certainty). “PFMT
combine with perineal massage” show superiority in reducing perineal
tear (RR=0.41, 95%CI: 0.20 to 0.85, moderate certainty). Conclusion In
this systematic review, the finding on the perineal trauma indicated
that “PFMT combine with perineal massage” and PFMT showed more
superiority to prevent perineal trauma.
Effects of temperature on the timeliness of eDNA/eRNA: A case study of Fenneropenaeus chinensis
Authors: Qian Tangyi , Shan Xiujuan , Wang Weiji , Jin Xianshi
Published: January 2024

Analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA) has been successfully used to
detect organisms in various aquatic environments. Although eDNA has been
shown to persist for long periods of time in environmental samples, the
efficacy of eDNA/eRNA based tools is highly dependent on degradation of
the molecule, which subsequently has a great impact on the timeliness of
the detection results. Environmental RNA (eRNA) is considered an
excellent complementary tool because most researchers believe that RNA
degrades faster than DNA in vitro. However, to the best of our
knowledge, published research related to eRNA is very limited. To
address an important knowledge gap, this study focused on the
relationship between water temperature and the degradation of eDNA and
eRNA. Changes in the concentration of eDNA and eRNA of the mitochondrial
cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene from Fenneropenaeus chinensis
were detected at four temperatures (10, 15, 20 and 25°C). The results
show that the eDNA degradation rate increased at higher temperatures,
with the degradation rate constants ranging from 0.011 to 0.486 h-1 and
the degradation time ranging from 8 to 383 h for eDNA. For eRNA, the
degradation rate constants ranged from 0.190 to 0.379 h-1 and the
degradation time ranged from 11 to 22 h. eRNA showed better stability
under temperature change and maintained a faster degradation rate at low
temperatures. These results answer the questions that eRNA and eDNA
degradation rate which is fast or slow of the current research.
Furthermore, this study may suggest the potential superiority of eRNA
over eDNA and promote the further study of eRNA in future research.
Endometriosis and impaired placentation: a prospective cohort study comparing uterine arteries Doppler pulsatility index in pregnancies of patients with and without moderate-severe disease
Authors: Salmeri Noemi , Farina Antonio , Candiani Massimo , Dolci Carolina , Bonavina Giulia , Viganò Paola , Cavoretto Paolo
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate if moderate-severe endometriosis impairs uterine
arteries pulsatility index (UtA-PI) during pregnancy when compared to
unaffected controls. Design: Observational prospective cohort study.
Setting: University-affiliated obstetrics and fetal medicine Department
in Italy. Population: Pregnant women with stage III-IV endometriosis
according to revised American Fertility Society (r-AFS) classification,
matched in a 1:2 ratio according with body mass index and parity with
unaffected controls. Methods: UtA-PIs were assessed at 11–14, 19–22
and 26–34 weeks of gestation following major reference guidelines. A
General Linear Model (GLM) was implemented to evaluate the association
between endometriosis and UtA-PI Z-scores. Main Outcome Measure: UtA-PI
Z-scores, calculated from published reference equations of previously
validated normal range. Results: Significantly higher third trimester
UtA-PI Z-scores were observed in patients with r-AFS stage III-IV
endometriosis when compared to controls (p=0.024). In the GLM,
endometriosis (p=0.026) and maternal age (p=0.007) were associated with
increased third trimester UtA-PI Z-scores, whereas conception by
in-vitro fertilization with frozen-thawed embryo transfer significantly
decreased UtA-PI measures (p=0.011). No differences were observed in
first or in second trimester UtA-PI Z-scores of cases vs. controls.
Conclusions: Stage III-IV endometriosis according to r-AFS
classification is associated with a clinically measurable impaired
placental perfusion as shown by increased UtA-PI Z-scores in the third,
but not in the first or second trimesters. Closer follow-up may be
recommended in pregnant patients affected by moderate-severe
endometriosis in order to attempt prediction and prevention of adverse
pregnancy/perinatal outcomes due to a defective late placental
perfusion. Funding: N/A.
On the role of allergen-specific IgG subclasses for blocking human basophil activation
Authors: Vogel Monique , Thoms Franziska , Augusto Gilles , Bachmann Martin
Published: January 2024

Background: Successful treatment of IgE mediated allergies by
allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) usually correlates with the
induction of allergen-specific IgG4. However, it is not clear whether
IgG4 prevents the allergic reaction more efficiently than other IgG
subclasses. Here we aimed to compare allergen-specific monoclonal IgG1
and IgG4 antibodies in their capacity to inhibit type I allergic
reactions by engaging FcγRIIb. Methods: Three monoclonal
antibodies (F127, A044 and G078) against Fel d 1, the major cat allergen
in humans, recognizing three non-overlapping epitopes of Fel d 1 were
tested for their capacity to block human basophils activation in vitro.
The affinity of the three monoclonal antibodies in IgG1 and IgG4 formats
to FcgRIIb were investigated by Biolayer Interferometry.
Results: We found that IgG1, which is the dominant subclass
induced by viruses, binds with a similar affinity to the FcγRIIb as IgG4
and is comparable at blocking human basophil activation from allergic
patients; both by neutralizing the allergen as well as engaging the
inhibitory receptor FcγRIIb. Conclusion: Hence, the IgG
subclass plays a limited role for the protective efficacy of AIT even if
IgG4 is considered the best correlate of protection because it is the
dominant subclass induced by classical AITs.
Study and exploration of the pharmacokinetics of traditional Tibetan medicine Ruyi Zhenbao tablets after single and long-term administration
Authors: Hou Hongping , Chen Tengfei , Xu Ziying , Yu Zihui , Wang Caixia , Liu Rongxia , Peng Bo , Yang Wei , Li Feng , Che Xiangyi , Li Bing , Wang Yu , Song Ling , Gao Yunhang , Ye Zuguang , Zhang Guangping
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose Tibetan medicine is one of the oldest traditional
medicine systems in the world. Taking the Ruyi Zhenbao tablet (RYZB) as
an example, which is a widely used classic oral Tibetan medicine, this
article discusses the pharmacokinetics of single administration and
long-term treatment, analyzed its metabolic properties and tissue
distribution in vivo. Experimental approach After single administration,
blood samples were collected before administration and different time
points after administration in different groups of rats. In the study of
long-term treatment effects, blood samples were collected from the
animals in each group on days 1, 15, 30, and on day 15 after withdrawal.
Key Results After a single administration, the dose change had no
significant effect on the T1/2 and Tmax of agarotetrol,
isoliquiritigenin, and piperine (p > 0.05). There was a
certain correlation between the increase in AUC0-t and the Cmax of
agarotetrol, isoliquiritigenin, piperine, and the increase in dosage;
dose range of 0.225-0.900 g/kg. There were no significant differences in
Cmax and AUC0-t of ferulic acid at different doses (p >
0.05). Conclusion and Implications Through the establishment of the
previously developed methodology, the pharmacokinetic properties of RYZB
were analyzed after single administration and long-term administration.
Our findings confirmed this approach for the exploration and
establishment of a pharmacokinetic evaluation of Tibetan medicine, to
support its guiding role in clinical application, but also to accelerate
research into Tibetan medicine theory and medicine and to provide a
solid foundation for the translation of Tibetan medicine throughout the
world.
Data Driven Model based Event Triggered Feed Forward Control for E.coli Fed-Batch Fermentation
Authors: Chitra M. , Sutha S.
Published: January 2024

This paper aims at the development of advanced process control technique
that aids for the accurate on-line measurement of biomass concentration.
Control of bioprocess is a challenging task mainly due to the
nonlinearity of the process, complex nature of microorganisms,
variations in critical parameters such as temperature, pH and agitator
speed. In this study, the Event Triggered Feed Forward Control (ET-FFC)
scheme is proposed and developed in order to diminish the effects of
temperature, pH and DO variations during Escherichia coli (
E.coli) K-12 fed-batch. Initially, the data are collected from
the laboratory scaled 3L bioreactor setup under Fed-batch operating
condition and data driven models are developed using system
identification techniques. Then Proportional Integral (PI) and Model
Predictive Controller (MPC) feedback controllers are designed to control
biomass concentration by varying feed rate of substrate and their
performances are compared. To suppress the effect of known disturbances
due to critical parameters, an Event Triggered Feed Forward Control
(ET-FFC) is designed to change the control action when the event is
detected. The closed loop performance of PI and MPC based ET-FFC are
obtained in simulation and compared. The results reveal that the
proposed MPC based ET-FFC scheme enhances the biomass yield. Also, the
proposed control scheme helps to reduce the frequency of communication
between controller and actuator which leads to reduction in power
consumption.
Características fisicoquímicas de mieles obtenidas en unidades productivas de meliponicultura en la Amazonia colombiana
Authors: BLANCO RODRIGUEZ JULIO CESAR , Montilla Rodríguez María Antonia , Morales Albán Daniela , Escobar Torres María Camila
Published: January 2024

Los parámetros fisicoquímicos de la miel, permiten reconocer la calidad del producto a consumir a través de ciertos rangos que han sido establecidos a nivel internacional por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura y la Organización Mundial de la Salud, así como por las entidades de cada país encargadas de cuidar a la población frente a riesgos durante el acceso a productos y servicios; en Colombia corresponde al Ministerio de Protección Social, el cual establece en el artículo 6 del la resolución 00001057 del 23 de marzo de 2010 los requisitos fisicoquímicos de la miel de abejas, considerados para la investigación desarrollada. Las abejas de la tribu Meliponini, conocidas como abejas nativas sin aguijón han sido poco estudiadas frente a las características de sus mieles, limitando a reconocer la calidad del producto y siendo hasta el momento comercializada de manera informal o a pequeña escala, sin que aún se reconozca valor agregado o certificación de calidad al sistema productivo.

 

El estudio permitió identificar aspectos inherentes a las características fisicoquímicas de la miel de abejas sin aguijón en diferentes sistemas de producción. Se realizó la identificación de las producciones de abejas nativas a través de informante ya que la cadena productiva hasta el momento no se encuentra establecida; en las producciones se obtuvieron muestras que fueron analizadas en el laboratorio de química de la Universidad de la Amazonia, mediante protocolos establecidos para determinar características fisicoquímicas.

 

Se identificaron impurezas finas y gruesas como alas, patas, polen, residuos vegetales entre otros y se obtuvieron solidos solubles y humedad con valores entre 49% y 77%, PH de 3,6 en promedio y acidez libre de 251 meq/kg. Las diferencias en los valores se asocian con ubicación de las producciones, vegetación y época de producción, así como de la unidad productiva, pero son necesarios más estudios sobre aspectos sanitarios, zootécnicos y de propiedades de la miel en la región Amazónica colombiana, que aporten a las actividades relacionadas con abejas nativas sin aguijón.
A Conceptual Framework Development for Designing Nearby Nature for Older Adults
Authors: Suppakittpaisarn Pongsakorn , Vienravee Kanok , Yaipimol Ekachai , Charoenlertthanakit Nadchawan , Surinseng Vipavee , Wanitchayapaisit Chulalux
Published: January 2024

As the world population ages, the role of environmental design in promoting the health and well-being of older adults becomes increasingly important. This study aims to explore the concept of nearby nature and its potential benefits for the aging population, focusing on the specific needs and preferences of older adults. The study adopts a multi-disciplinary approach, involving researchers and practitioners from various fields including environmental psychology, urban planning, plant sciences, and landscape architecture. Through systematic steps of data compilation, categorization, and integration, the study identifies key themes related to designing for older adults as individuals and as a stage of life. These themes encompass aesthetics, thermal comfort, personal experiences, social cohesion, embracing changes and losses, sensory perceptions, and risks.The resulting design recommendations address both the physical requirements, such as accessibility and mobility, and the mental requirements, such as feelings, perceptions, and emotions, of older adults. The guidelines provide insights for creating inclusive and accessible nearby nature spaces that cater to the unique needs of older adults. This study emphasizes the importance of collaboration between researchers and practitioners in developing design solutions for the aging population. By bridging the gap between scholarly knowledge and practical expertise, the study contributes to the maturation of landscape architecture as a discipline. The findings and recommendations can serve as valuable tools for designers, planners, and decision makers in creating environments that promote the well-being and quality of life of older adults in urban areas.
Analysis on heat transfer performance sub-channels of sodium-cooled fast reactor fuel assemblies based on entransy
Authors: Dong Zenghao , Liu Jianquan , Huang Chao , Niu Xinyi , Hai Lihan
Published: January 2024

In this paper, the symmetric heat transfer performance of sodium-cooled fast
reactor fuel assemblies was analyzed and studied. The model is
analytically optimized based on sub-channel calculations. The deviations of
the numerical simulation results from the pre-existing experimental data
in the literature are within 10 %, with an average deviation of 2.5 %, which
tested the reliability of the model. The calculated results demonstrated
that the distribution of the axial power, temperature, and coolant of the
reactor core is approximately symmetric M-shape. The reactor core coolant
has a monotonic increase in axial distribution with the cladding temperature
and the temperature peaks all appear at the reactor core outlet. The individual fuel assemblies' internal temperature is relatively sensitive to
the axial power distribution, and there are troughs around the imports and
exports. The simulated results showed that the center temperature of the
hottest rod reactor core block reached 965.65 K. This pa- per provides a
better guide to understanding the overall heat transfer effect by optimizing
the heat transfer model.
Pulsed photoluminescence measurements using salt as a radiation accident dose detector material
Authors: He Sanjun , Chen Bin , Ye Yanxi , Zhao Xiuliang
Published: January 2024

To realize the retrospective measurement of public dose levels after a
nuclear emergency, the optically stimulated luminescence radiation
dose-response characteristics of salt were studied, and the relationship
between the salt optically stimulated luminescence signal and ionizing
radiation dose was determined. The effects of natural light, storage time,
and preheating temperature on the salt optically stimulated luminescence
signal were examined. The results show that salt as a photoluminescence dose
measurement material has the advantages of convenient sampling, high
throughput, short detection time, wide dose range, and low detection limit.
The study lays the technical foundation for achieving the public dose
assessment of salt pulse photoluminescence.