bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lane-Marker-Based Map Construction and Map Precision Evaluation Methods Using On-Board Cameras for Autonomous Driving
Authors: Maeda Kenta , Takahashi Junya , Raksincharoensak Pongsathorn ,   Research & Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd. 832-2 Horiguchi, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-0034, Japan,   Smart Mobility Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
Published: June 2020

This report describes a map construction and evaluation method based on lane-marker information for autonomous driving. Autonomous driving systems typically require digital high-definition (HD) maps to correct the current position of autonomous vehicles by using localization techniques. However, an HD map is usually costly to generate because it requires a special-purpose vehicle and mapping system with precise and expensive sensors. This report presents a map construction method that uses cost-efficient on-board cameras. We implement two types of map construction methods with two different cameras in terms of range and field of view and test their performances to determine the minimum sensor specification required for autonomous driving. This report also presents a constructed map evaluation method to determine the “usability” of the map for autonomous driving. Given that the system cannot obtain “true” positions of landmarks, the method judges whether the constructed map contains sufficient information for localization via the presented indices “lateral-distance error.” The methods are verified based on mapping and localization errors determined via manual driving tests. Furthermore, the smoothness of steering maneuvers is determined by conducting autonomous driving tests on a proving ground. The results reveal the necessary conditions of sensor requirements, i.e., the constant visibility of landmarks is one of the key factors for ego-localization to conduct autonomous driving.
Hiroshima University: KOBELCO Construction Machinery Dream-Driven Co-Creation Research Center
Authors: Yamamoto Toru , Tanaka Kiyokazu ,   Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan,   Business Planning Group, Business Development Department, Corporate Planning Division, KOBELCO Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. 1-10-5 Tranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan
Published: June 2020

On April 1, 2018, Hiroshima University instituted the “Joint Research with External Organizations (Private Sector, etc.).” The first project was the “KOBELCO Construction Machinery Dream-Driven Co-Creation Research Center (DDCC Research Center).” This research center has three collaborative research laboratories, and eight joint-research studies are in progress. With the aim of developing a hydraulic excavator that is human-friendly and human-nurturing, the research and development focuses on controls that (i) work as the operator expects and (ii) create value that facilitates growth of the operator. This article gives an overview of how the research center was established and what the research center studies and develops.
Design and Practice of a Model-Based Development Education in Hydraulic Systems
Authors: Sako Mikiya , Wakitani Shin , Kozui Masatoshi , Yamamoto Toru , Yamashita Koji , Koiwai Kazushige , Yamazaki Yoichiro ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan,   KOBELCO Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. 2-1 Itsukaichikou 2-chome, Saeki-ku, Hiroshima 731-5161, Japan
Published: June 2020

This paper proposes educational simulation environment for the model-based development (MBD) of hydraulic systems. In recent years, customer requirements for different products have become more diversified and increasingly complicated. Thus, companies must respond to such demands promptly. Many companies are beginning to adopt an MBD as a solution to this problem because such an approach can reduce the development time and cost. However, most engineers in such companies lack experience with an MBD. Therefore, establishing a training environment that can allow them to learn the MBD process experientially within a short timeframe is an effective approach. Moreover, because hydraulic systems are mainly used in construction machines, this study focuses on educational materials for hydraulic systems through an MBD educational program jointly developed between Hiroshima University and Kobelco Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.
Relevance of Work-Life Balance in India – A Skeptical Analysis among Teaching Professionals
Authors: M Rubavel
Published: June 2020

A person has to balance the work and life in all walks of his life. Due to social change in the society, the type of households is changing from the joint family to nuclear family. The family, work, and society demand equal attention and obligation. The person has to balance the work to family interference and family to work interference. The work-life balance has been adopted by various corporate and organization. This paper reviews how various professionals manage work and life. Some factors influence the work-life balance in the day to day life. It is the greatest task for retaining the manpower in an institution. It is important to facilitate the employee to maintain a work-life balance. There are different kinds of professionals who face challenges in managing work-life balance. It is assumed that the teacher with more children finds difficulty in balancing work-life balance than the childless teacher. She may perceive a better work-life balance. The male teachers may experience a higher degree of burnt out than female teachers. These views helped the author to explore the factors involved in balancing work-life balance and to provide suggestions to manage the work-life. The author has taken up empirical study, this paper focuses on understanding the situation of teachers & faculties in terms of Work-life balance, Factor involved in work-life balance, and to provide suggestions to manage the work-life balance in the teaching profession.
KEEFEKTIFAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN NEMATODA Pratylenchus brachyurus PADA TANAMAN NILAM
Authors: HARNI RITA , SUPRAMANA SUPRAMANA , S. SINAGA MEITY , GIYANTO GIYANTO , SUPRIADI SUPRIADI
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK

Penggunaan bakteri endofit sebagai agen pengendalian nematodaparasit seperti Meloidogyne incognita pada kapas dan tomat, Globoderasp. pada kentang dan Radopholus similis pada pisang telah banyak ditelitipada beberapa jenis tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisiskeefektifan  beberapa  bakteri  endofit terhadap  perkembangan  P.brachyurus, penetrasi, reproduksi, dan kerusakan yang diakibatkannyapada tanaman nilam. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumahkaca Hama dan Penyakit Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat dan AromatikBogor, dari bulan Maret sampai Agustus 2008. Penelitian menggunakanrancangan acak lengkap (RAL) 6 perlakuan dengan 7 ulangan. Lima isolatbakteri endofit, yaitu Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2, Alcaligenesfaecalis NJ16, Pseudomonas putida EH11, Bacillus cereus MSK, danBacillus subtilis NJ57, diaplikasikan pada setek tanaman nilam denganmetode perendaman akar. Seminggu setelah tanam, nilam diinokulasidengan 500 ekor P. brachyurus. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap penetrasi,reproduksi, populasi nematoda, dan pertumbuhan nilam. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa bakteri endofit A. xylosoxidans TT2, A. faecalisNJ16, P. putida EH11, B. cereus MSK, dan B. subtilis NJ57 dapatmenekan penetrasi dan populasi P. brachyurus ke dalam akar sebesar54,8-70,6% dengan faktor reproduksi (pf/pi) 0,61-0,94 dan meningkatkanpertumbuhan tanaman nilam sebesar 37,86-84,71%.

Kata kunci: Pogostemon cablin, bakteri endofit, keefektifan, nematoda,Pratylenchus brachyurus, pengendalian biologi

ABSTRACT

Effectiveness  of  endophytic  bacteria  to  controlPratylenchus brachyurus nematode on patchouli

The use of endophytic bacteria as biocontrol agents for nematodes,such as Meloidogyne incognita on cotton and tomatoes, Globodera sp. onpotatoes and Radopholus similis on bananas has been widely studied inseveral crops. The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness ofsome endophytic bacteria to control P. brachyurus, penetration,reproduction, and plant fresh weight production. Five isolates, namely A.xylosoxidans TT2, A. faecalis NJ16, P. putida EH11, B. cereus MSK, andB. subtilis NJ57 were applied to the patchouli cutting roots by soakingmethod before planting. A week after planting, the plants were inoculatedwith 500 juveniles and adults of P. brachyurus. Observations were doneon penetration and reproduction rates of the nematode, and growth ofpatchouli plant. Under greenhouse condition, A. xylosoxidans TT2, A.faecalis NJ16, P. putida EH11, B. cereus MSK, and B. subtilis NJ57reduced penetration rate of P. brachyurus into the patchouli roots by 54.8to 70.6% and suppressed nematode population with pf/pi value 0.61 to0.94. Growth of inoculated plants increased by 37.86 to 84.71% comparedwith uninoculated (control) ones.

Key words: Pogostemon cablin, endophytic bacteria, effectivenessnematode, Pratylenchus brachyurus, biological control
PEMUPUKAN NITROGEN, FOSFOR, DAN KALIUM PADA TANAMAN AKAR WANGI
Authors: ROSMAN ROSIHAN , TRISILAWATI OCTIVIA , SETIAWAN SETIAWAN
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK
Dosis pupuk N, P, dan K optimal untuk akar wangi belum diketahui
dan penggunaannya  masih beragam. Penelitian bertujuan untuk
mendapatkan komposisi dosis pupuk N, P, dan K optimal yang dapat
meningkatkan produktivitas akar wangi. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa
Sukakarya, Garut dari bulan Januari 2009 sampai dengan Desember 2010
menggunakan rancangan Acak Kelompok, dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan
meliputi 9 kombinasi pupuk N, P, dan K: (1). Kontrol; (2) 100 kg SP-36 +
75 kg KCl; (3) 100 kg ZA + 75 kg KCl; (4) 100 kg ZA + 50 kg SP-36 + 75
kg KCl; (5) 100 kg ZA + 100 kg SP-36 + 75 kg KCl; (6) 100 kg ZA + 100
kg SP-36 + 150 kg KCl; (7) 100 kg ZA + 100 kg SP-36; (8) 200 kg ZA +
100 kg SP-36 + 75 kg KCl; (9) 200 kg ZA + 100 kg SP-36 + 150 kg KCl.
Panen dilakukan pada 12, 14, dan 16 bulan setelah tanam (BST). Hasil
menunjukkan bahwa pemupukan dosis 100 kg ZA + 75 kg KCl
menghasilkan minyak 52,59 dan 67,78 kg/ha (12 dan 14 BST) dan 200 kg
ZA + 100 kg SP-36 + 75 kg KCl menghasilkan 67,76 kg /ha (16 BST),
dengan kadar vetiverol lebih dari 50%.
Kata kunci: Vetiveria zizanioides, pemupukan, vetiverol, produksi, mutu
minyak

ABSTRACT
The optimum dosage of N, P, and K fertilizer has not been known
yet and it usage was still varied. The research aim is to obtain an optimal
composition of N, P, and K fertilizer that could increase productivity of
vetiver crop. The researsch has been conducted in Sukakarya Village,
Garut, from January 2009 to December 2010. The research was arranged
in randomized block design, with 3 replications and N, P, and K fertilizer
combination treatments i.e.: (1) Control; (2) 100 kg SP-36 + 75 kg KCl;
(3) 100 kg ZA + 75 kg KCl; (4) 100 kg ZA + 50 kg SP-36 + 75 kg KCl;
(5) 100 kg ZA + 100 kg SP-36 + 75 kg KCl; (6) 100 kg ZA + 100 kg SP-
36 + 150 kg KCl; (7) 100 kg ZA + 100 kg SP-36; (8) 200 kg ZA + 100 kg
SP-36 + 75 kg KCl; (9) 200 kg ZA + 100 kg SP-36 + 150 kg KCl.
Harvesting was done at 12, 14 and 16 months after planting (MAP). The
result showed that the dose of 100 kg ZA + 75 kg KCl produced vetiver oil
52,59 and 67,78 kg/ha (12 and 14 MAP). Meanwhile the dose of 200 kg
ZA + 100 kg SP-36 + 75 kg KCl produced 67,76 kg/ha (16 MAP),
respectively. vetiverol content were more than 50%.
Key words: Vetiveria zizanioides, fertilizing, vetiverol, production, oil
quality
KAJIAN KESUBURAN TANAH PERKEBUNAN KARET RAKYAT DI PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: NURMEGAWATI NURMEGAWATI , AFRIZON AFRIZON , SUGANDI DEDI
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DAN MINYAK KEDELAI TERHADAP MUTU DAN NILAI GIZI BISKUIT BAYI
Authors: BARLINA RINDENGAN
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK
PENGARUH JAMU HERBAL SEBAGAI ANTIKOKSIDIA PADA AYAM PEDAGING YANG DIINFEKSI Eimeria tenella
Authors: WIEDOSARI ENING , SUHIRMAN SHINTA , SEMBIRING BAGEM BR
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK
Utilization of Information Communication Technologies in Effective Administration of Secondary Schools in Mitooma District of Uganda
Authors: Irene Aheisibwe
Published: June 2020

The study aimed at assessing the utilization of Information Communication Technologies in the effective administration of secondary schools in Mitooma district, Uganda.  A cross-sectional survey design was employed. Data was collected using a closed-ended questionnaire developed by Özdemir et al. (2014) and an interview guide.  Statistical Package for Social Scientists software version 23.0 was used to analyze the data. The study revealed a lack of knowledge and skills of ICT, limited electricity supply, poor quality computers, and inadequacy of computer accessories as reasons for the non-utilization of ICT.
KOSTI Surabaya as a counterculture against the foreign culture in the era of generation 4.0
Authors: Safiuddin Salmatian , Atikah Dewi
Published: June 2020

Indonesian Old Bicycle Community or Komunitas Sepeda Tua Indonesia (KOSTI) of Surabaya is a subculture consisting of old bicycle lovers in Surabaya. This qualitative study aims to clarify and strengthen the idea of Internet as a resource and media for the development of subcultures, to investigate online and offline activities of KOSTI Surabaya, and to promote further research on the diversity of subcultures like KOSTI Surabaya following the development of generation 4.0 trend. The researchers collected data through in-depth interviews and observation to the community members. The result indicates that KOSTI Surabaya promotes and maintains the local and Indonesian culture through offline and online communication. This present study can support the conceptualization of subculture in the digital era. This community helps young generations to put Indonesian important values and norms into practice through their lifestyle, such as to build a good relationship, kinship, brotherhood, to create a good harmony in life. In addition, this community becomes a media to foster and maintain our local culture. KOSTI Surabaya is the resistance against the modern culture which makes this community as counter culture against foreign culture challenges. Not only the use of a means of transportation but also of the nature of individualist that starts to embrace most of Indonesian people in urban areas.
The role of digital platforms in the transfer of knowledge and qualificationism: A study of digital sociology
Authors: Sarvianto Dwiki Faiz
Published: June 2020

Indonesia has entered the digital era. Many sectors have been affected by the development of existing digital devices and platforms, including the higher education sector. Sociologically, this influence must be anticipated because it will influence the transfer of knowledge and the phenomenon of qualification. If the transfer of knowledge is ineffective, the quality of the individual produced by the higher education level may be incompetent. This study aimed to dissect the role and attention on the transfer of knowledge that occurs, along with its impact during the digital era. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods through literature study techniques to synthesize existing empirical facts. The primary empirical data analyzed was the results of research on the transfer of specific knowledge and the phenomenon of qualificationism. The researcher found that digitalization influenced online learning and publication that were inter-related, despite differences in access, skills and benefits for individuals. On the other hand, the quality of higher education faced challenges because there was tacit knowledge that must be fulfilled and the phenomenon of qualification as the impact of higher education growth.
Sociological perspective on the elimination of Karanganyar Regency as an impact of the 1930s economic depression
Authors: Hindarto Teguh , Ansori Chusni
Published: June 2020

The 1930s economic crisis in the United States had spread throughout the world and caused a number of social, economic, political and cultural impacts, including for the Dutch East Indies colonies. Karanganyar Regency, which was in the Bagelen Residency territory since 1901, had experienced the effects of the economic shock as well. Karanganyar was a district in the Kebumen Regency area. Before becoming a sub-district, Karanganyar was an independent regency and had its head of government from 1832 until 1936. Through literature studies, this paper intended to thoroughly analyze the existence of Karanganyar Regency in the colonial era, find out the background of its elimination, and the process of social change that occurred. To obtain the main variables that cause the elimination of Karanganyar Regency, the researcher utilized the historical comparative method. From the analysis, we concluded that the Economic Depression centred in the United States affected the Dutch East Indies colonies, particularly on the management of the government bureaucracy. This situation demanded the Dutch East Indies government to adapt to social change by removing a number of Regency, including Karanganyar Regency.
Abstentions in 2014 and 2019 Indonesian elections: Case study of pro-democracy activists
Authors: Anam M Syaeful , Somantri Gumilar Rusliwa
Published: June 2020

This article discusses how the dynamics of the abstentions phenomenon among pro-democracy activists in the 2014-2019 general election in Indonesia. While pro-democracy activists have increasingly chosen “struggle within”, there are still critical groups that have voted for abstentions in 2014-2019 general election. Charles Tilly’s concept of collective action and contentious politics is used in this study. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of case study research. Researchers explore data through in-depth interviews as primary data and secondary data is extracted through library research. The analysis is carried out with the abstractive inductive logic. This research shows that abstentions are contentious collective actions. The abstentions movement was born from a network of pro-democracy activists who have been engaged in advocacy work. Abstentions carried out in protest against the authorities and the boycott of the election. The boycott choice is contentious politics.
A structured mixed method process evaluation of a randomized controlled trial of Individual Placement and Support (IPS)
Authors: Fyhn Tonje , Ludvigsen Kari , Reme Silje E , Schaafsma Frederieke
Published: June 2020

Background: Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is an evidence-based work rehabilitation program helping people with moderate to severe mental illness to obtaini ordinary employment. Although IPS has proven superior to other work rehabilitation programs, in many studies, the majority of the participants remains unemployed. Structured process evaluations of IPS that use mixed methods are scarce, although they could identify implementation aspects that may enhance its effect. The aim of the current study is to assess reach, fidelity, and identify barriers and facilitators to implement IPS. Methods: The process evaluation was conducted alongside a randomized controlled trial including six IPS centers, comparing IPS with treatment as usual in a population of patients in treatment for moderate to severe mental illness. Mixed methods were used in the process evaluation, including focus group interviews with service providers, individual interviews and survey data from participants, and fidelity reviews using the validated IPS Fidelity Scale. Results: The intervention reached the intended target group. All centers reached fair to good fidelity according to the IPS Fidelity Scale within the project period (range 89-108, SD 7). Certain fidelity items indicated implementation issues related to employer contact, community-based services, and integration with health services. Survey data showed that less than half of the participants regarded their illness as a barrier for participating in IPS and that freedom of disclosure was important. Participant interviews gave further insight into the role of the IPS specialist, emphasizing their availability and consistent job focus. Conclusions: Indications of implementation challenges across centers during the first year suggest special attention should be given to these aspects in an early phase to ensure higher fidelity from the start and thus enhance the effectiveness of IPS. The IPS specialist played an important role for participants, and was described as positive, pushing in a positive way, and encouraging. More knowledge on the characteristics of successful IPS specialists could further enhance the effectiveness of the intervention. Trial Registration: The study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov prior to the inclusion period (reg.no: NCT01964092, registered 17/07/2013, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01964092).
Analysis of medico-social factors for return to work among patients presenting with haematological malignancy (adamentine): results of a ‘pilot study’
Authors: CLIN Bénédicte , Heutte Natacha , Boulanger Mathilde , Troussard Xavier , Cornet Edouard , Damaj Ghandi Laurent , Bouvier Véronique , Guizard Anne-Valérie , Launoy Guy , Licaj Idlir
Published: June 2020

Objective The aim of this study was to describe return to work determinants in patients with haematological malignancy.Results This medico-social pilot study included patients with haematological malignancy in the département of Calvados, aged 18 to 55 years, diagnosed between 1st January and 31st December 2010 and alive at 1st January 2015. Patients were identified via consultation of the Lower Normandy haematological malignancy Registry. They completed a specially developed self-questionnaire, in addition to validated questionnaires for anxiety-depression, quality of life and fatigue. Of the patients contacted, 50% accepted to participate. The mean age at diagnosis was 49.8 years, and the majority of patients (79.2%) was professionally active at the time of diagnosis. Only 64.9% of subjects had stopped work due to illness. The psychological impact (demonstrated anxiety) was significantly greater in men (p=0.01). The majority of subjects returned to work after treatment (80.7%) and among them, the mean duration of absence from work was 16.1 months. Only 52.6% of subjects had informed their occupational physician and 56.7% had benefited from a pre-return visit.The satisfactory response rate obtained is promising for the extension of the present project as a prospective multicentric study.
Fabrication and electrical characteristics of flash-sintered SiO2-doped ZnO-Bi2O3-MnO2 varistors
Authors: Peng Pai , Deng Yujun , Niu Jingpeng , Shi Liyi , Mei Yunzhu , Du Sanming , Liu Juan , XU Dong
Published: June 2020

The dense ZnO-Bi2O3-MnO2-xSiO2 (ZBMS) varistors for x= 0, 1, 2, 3 wt.% were fabricated by flash sintering method under the low temperature of 850 ℃ within 2 minutes. The sample temperature was estimated by a black body radiation model in the flash sintering process. The crystalline phase assemblage, density, microstructure, and electrical characteristics of the flash-sintered ZBMS varistors with different SiO2 doped content were investigated. According to the XRD analysis, many secondary phases were detected due to the SiO2 doping. Meanwhile, the average grain size decrease with increasing SiO2-doped content. The improved nonlinear characteristics were obtained in SiO2-doped samples, which can be attributed to the ion migration and oxygen absorption induced by the doped SiO2. The flash-sintered ZBMS varistor ceramics for x=2 wt.% exhibited excellent comprehensive electrical properties, with the nonlinear coefficient of 24.5, the threshold voltage and leakage current of 385 V×mm-1 and 11.8 µA, respectively.
The Survivorship of Revision Total Hip Replacement With Severe Proximal Bone Deficiency Using a Modular Taper Fluted Prosthesis
Authors: Govilkar Siddharth , Gandhi Maulik , Bhachu Davinder , Whittaker John-Paul , Evans Christopher , Spencer-Jones Richard
Published: June 2020

BackgroundContemporary uncemented femoral revision hip systems have become commonly used over the past decade and have enabled the reconstruction of leg length, offset and anteversionas independent variables through the use of modular junctions. Modular junction failures between the proximal body and distal stem have been described withrevision systems, although this is rare. We sought to identify the survivorship of one revision system in a salvage arthroplasty scenario where no host bone support of the modular junction was present.MethodsFrom a series of 136 patients, 15 patients (16 hips) were identified without host bone support of the modular junction with a mean radiological follow up of over 6 years(76 months +/- 35 months).ResultsThere have been no cases of prosthetic fracture over the follow-up duration, withtwo revisions performed for reasons of aseptic loosening and infection. The mean BMI of the study group was 30.2 with 78% of the cohort classified as overweight or obese.ConclusionIt is well recognised that, host bone support of the modular junction is preferable, however the satisfactory outcomes over the midterm in these complex patients suggests that modular revision systems remain an option.
Effect of facet-joint degeneration on the in vivo motion of the lower lumbar spine
Authors: Yin Jun , Liu Zhang , Li Chao , Luo Shiwei , Lai Qi , Wang Shaobai , Zhang Bin , Wan Zongmiao
Published: June 2020

Objective: This research studied the in vivo motion characteristics of the L3-S1 lumbar spine with facet-joint degeneration during functional activities.Methods: Thirteen male and 21 female patients with facet-joint degeneration at the L3-S1 spinal region were included in the study. The L3-S1 lumbar segments of all the patients were divide into 3 groups according to the degree of facet joints degeneration (mild, moderate or severe). The ranges of motion (ROM) of the vertebrae was analyzed using a combination of computed tomography and dual fluoroscopic imaging techniques. During functional postures, the ROMs were compared between the 3 groups at each spinal level (L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1). Results: At L3-L4 level, the primary rotations between the mild and moderate groups during left-right twisting activity were significantly different. At L4-L5 level, the primary rotation of the moderate group was significantly higher than the other groups during flexion-extension. During left-right bending activities a significant difference was observed only between the moderate and severe groups. At L5-S1 level, the rotation of the moderate group was significantly higher than the mild group during left-right bending activity.Conclusions: Degeneration of the facet joint alters the ROMs of the lumbar spine. As the degree of facet-joint degeneration increased, the ROMs of the lumbar vertebra that had initially increased, declined. However, when there was severe facet-joint degeneration, the ROMs of lumbar spine declined to levels comparative to the moderate group. The relationship between the stability of the lumbar vertebra and the degree of facet-joint degeneration requires further study.
Mechanical Chest Compression Devices in the Helicopter Emergency Medical Service in Switzerland
Authors: Pietsch Urs , Reiser David , Wenzel Volker , Knapp Jürgen , Tissi Mario , Theiler Lorenz , Rauch Simon , Meuli Lorenz , Albrecht Roland
Published: June 2020

Background: Over the past years, several emergency medical service providers have introduced mechanical chest compression devices (MCDs) in their protocols for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Especially in helicopter emergency medical systems (HEMS), which have limitations regarding loading weight and space and typically operate in rural and remote areas, whether MCDs have benefits for patients is still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of MCDs in a large Swiss HEMS system.Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of all HEMS missions of Swiss Air rescue Rega between January 2014 and June 2016 with the use of an MCD (Autopulse®). Details of MCD use and patient outcome are reported from the medical operation journals and the hospitals’ discharge letters. Results: MCDs were used in 626 HEMS missions, and 590 patients (94%) could be included. 478 (81%) were primary missions and 112 (19%) were interhospital transfers. Forty-nine of the patients in primary missions were loaded under ongoing CPR with MCDs. Of the patients loaded after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), 20 (7%) experienced a second CA during the flight. In interhospital transfers, 102 (91%) only needed standby use of the MCD. Five (5%) patients were loaded into the helicopter with ongoing CPR. Five (5%) patients went into CA during flight and the MCD had to be activated. A shockable cardiac arrhythmia was the only factor significantly associated with better survival in resuscitation missions using MCD (OR 0.176, 95% confidence interval 0.084 to 0.372, p<0.001).Conclusion: We conclude that equipping HEMS with MCDs may be beneficial, with non-trauma patients potentially benefitting more than trauma patients.
Fear of child birth and associated factors among pregnant mothers who attend antenatal care service at Jinka public health facilities, Jinka town, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Yetwale Aynalem , Melkamu Eneyew
Published: June 2020

BackgroundWomen face many challenges from conception to postpartum and fear of childbirth is one of the challenges the women encounters during pregnancy. This could have been resulted from different perspectives and it could intern lead to various pregnancy and child birth problems. Thus, understanding child birth fear and factors associated with this is of paramount importance and this study was aimed at addressing this issue.MethodologyA facility base cross sectional study was done on 423 pregnant mothers who came for antenatal care services at Jinka hospital and Jinka health center. The study was conducted from June 01 to 30, 2018. Sample size was calculated using single population proportion formula and samples was taken after proportional allocation was done for the hospital and health center using proportion allocation formula. Individual participants were selected with systematic sampling technique using k- value of 2 for both the hospital and health center and the first participant was selected by lottery method from the first two samples. Data were entered in to epi-data version 3.1.1.and exported in to statistical packages for social sciences version 21.0 for cleaning and further analysis. Level of significance was declared at p-value less than 0.05 in multivariable logistic regression model. Narratives, figure and tables were used to put the result.ResultFrom 423 samples, two of the questionnaires were incomplete and thus 421 were used for analysis giving a response rate of 99.5%. Around a quarter of 102 (24.2%) mothers had fear of child birth and the remaining 319 (75.8%) had no fear of child birth. From the factors under consideration, history of previous pregnancy complication, previous history of labor and delivery complications, educational status and depression status were significantly associated with mother’s fear of child birth.ConclusionEven though it is physiological to have some fear of child birth, the figure obtained is relatively higher. Factors found to have significant effect on child birth fear are those which could be tackled through improved health literacy and integrated maternal health services
RNA interference targeting UL25 gene as a gene therapy approach against BHV-1 virus
Authors: Mokhtari Azam , Amjadimanesh Elaheh , Saffar Behnaz , Shams Sahand
Published: June 2020

Background: In recent decades RNAi has become a novel and effective tool to silence gene expression. The expression of shRNAs against target genes has now become a standard and powerful strategy for antiviral therapeutic approaches. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a domestic and wild ruminant viral disease that caused by bovine herpesvirus-1. Occasionally, its entry into the herd may cause vigorous economic damage due to losing weight, reduced output and limitation on livestock international trade. Vaccines against the disease are not fully effective and the need for an effective therapeutic approach is highly felt. In the present study an RNAi- based gene therapy was designed and implemented. Due to the essential role of UL25 gene for BHV-1 replication.Method: the sequence of UL25 gene was purposed for designing shRNA molecules. The UL25 gene sequence was extracted from the NCBI database and suitable shRNA molecules were purposed by using online soft wares. Three recombinant lentiviral vectors expressing short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) versus the UL25 gene of IBRV were constructed and co-transfected into HEK 293T cells. The effectiveness of designed shRNA molecules was assayed by calculating TCID50 titers and observation of BHV-1 cytopathic effects. Results: The final calculations showed that all shRNAs had antiviral effects. In the TCID50 test, the shRNAs 1, 2 and 3 sufficiently decreased BHV1 output in comparison with the control groups (almost 98.22%, 99.63% and 99.54%, respectively than cells with IBRV inoculation and nearly 90.84%, 97.9% and 96.84%, respectively than cells with ORFV and scrambled vector inoculation). ShRNA-2 achieved maximal inhibition of viral replication. Conclusion: The results indicated that shRNAs targeting the UL25 gene showed considerable antiviral attributes and reduced IBRV multiplication in MDBK cells. In conclusion; RNA interference can be used as a gene therapy instrument against BHV-1 virus.
Silencing NDC80, RAD21 and BUB1B ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration by promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells
Authors: Zhang Bin , Guan Yueyan , Liu Weixiao , Guo Wei , Peng Peng , Xing Cong , Huang Jingyuan , Sun Chao , Ruan Wendong , Ning Guangzhi , Kong Xiaohong , Feng Shi-Qing
Published: June 2020

Background

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a commonly occurring musculoskeletal disorder, which is closely associated with low back pain. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that dysregulated genes expression profiles play important roles in pathogenesis of IVDD. Hence, the current study was aimed to identify key genes to understand underlying mechanisms and therapeutic targets of IVDD.
Methods

Microarray datasets of GSE34095, GSE63492 and GSE45856 were downloaded to identify the hub genes that participate in the IVDD pathogenesis. After establishment of rat IVDD models, the expressions of NDC80, BUB1B and RAD21 in rat IVDD samples were evaluated by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunochemistry. Subsequently, we assessed the proliferation, cycle and apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells that transfected with siRNA-NDC80, siRNA-BUB1B and siRNA-RAD21.
Results

Our results showed indicated that NDC80, BUB1B and RAD21 were the key pathogenic genes with higher expression in IVDD rats, and silencing of NDC80, BUB1B and RAD21 gene could promote the aggrecan and collagen II synthesis, cell cycle and proliferation of NP cells, and inhibit NP cells apoptosis.
Conclusion

Our study suggests that silencing NDC80, RAD21 and BUB1B genes ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration by promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells.
High Number of RNA Copies in Asymptomatic Individuals Infected with SARS-CoV-2 in an Area of the Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Mattar Salim , Martinez-Bravo Caty , Rivero Ricardo , Contreras Hector , Faccini_Martinez Alvaro , Guzman Camilo , Galeano Ketty , Alvis Nelson , Contreras Veronica , Arrieta German , Gonzalez Marco , Miranda Jorge , Ospina Martha , Camargo-Assis Francisco , Mercado-Reyes Marcela , Garay Evelyn , Garcia-Perez Alejandra , Lopez Yesica , Tique Vaneza
Published: June 2020

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging pandemical virus that has caused millions of reported cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths in less than six months. South America has suffered the pandemic because it lacks the hospital and economic capacities needed to contain the pandemic's advance. Public health implications of transmission, while asymptomatic is a critical concern at the current pandemic.Objective: Describe the socio-demographic, clinical, and viral kinetics features of a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals from the Colombian Caribbean.Methods: Six hundred eighty-six clinical samples from several hospital centers in the province were received between April 9th and May 16th, 2020. RNA was extracted using lysis buffers and spin columns. The samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR (Reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction) using commercially available multiplex real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection of 3 target genes of SARS-CoV-2 (AllplexTM, 2019-nCoV assay, Korea). Viral copies quantification was done using a standard curve constructed from seriated dilutions of a SARS-CoV-2 positive control.Results: Thirty-five nasopharyngeal samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection; the average age was 43 (range, 1-95 years). Seventeen of 35 (49%) of the patients showed symptoms. Most of them had cough, fever, and odynophagia, 3 of the patients reported having arthralgia. Only two patients required hospitalization. None of the patients had known co-morbidities. RT-qPCR results show that two of the symptomatic patients had significantly higher RNA copies than the rest of the patients. Eighteen of 35 (51%) individuals were asymptomatic, the average age was 30 (range, 6-61 years. Four individuals showed a higher copy than some symptomatic patients. Nonetheless, the average of RNA copies 8.26 x10+10 was lower than the symptomatic.Conclusions: the population studied was young with an average of 43 years in symptomatic and 30 years of asymptomatic; this is important because of the high impact in the economy, and probably it is the cause of the reduced lethality observed in the department. Because a large proportion of infections probably result from transmission from asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic persons, the usefulness of public health interventions in Colombian provinces should be based in the molecular screening in a vast conglomerate's population and to quantify the viral load.
Male partners' participation in birth preparedness and complication readiness in global south: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Boltena Minyahil Tadesse , Kebede Abraham Sahlemichael , El-Khatib Ziad , Asamoah Benedict Oppong , Boltena Andualem Tadesse , Tyae Hawult , Yeshambaw Melese , Shargie Mulatu Biru
Published: June 2020

Background: The lower priority given for involving male partners in birth preparedness and complication readiness contributes to the poor maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Male partners in low- and middle-income countries determine women’s access to and affordability of health services and directly influence their health outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis determine the pooled magnitude of the male partner’s participation in birth preparedness and complication readiness in the global south.Methods: Literature published in the English language from 2004 to 2019 was retrieved using appropriate search terms on Google Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, CINHAL, Scopus, and Embase. The Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI) was used for critical appraisal of studies. A pooled statistical meta-analysis was conducted using STATA Version 14.0 software. The heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using the I2 statistics and Egger’s test, respectively. Duval and Tweedie's nonparametric trim and fill analysis using the random-effect analysis. The Random effects model was used to estimate the summary prevalence of BPCR and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: 12 studies and 4210 participants were included. The overall pooled result showed 52.3% of male partners of pregnant women and nursing mothers were prepared for birth and its complications. Forty-nine percent of male partners saved money for delivery and 40.5% of them identified skilled birth attendants, and 55% of male partners saved money for birth or its complication. Only 42.1% of male partners arranged transportation and 59.8% of them identified the place of birth. Only 18.9% of male partners identified a potential blood donor for emergency cases of childbirth and postpartum complication.Conclusions: A low proportion of male partners of pregnant women and nursing mothers were prepared for childbirth and its complications. Countries in the global south region should review their health care policies and design strategies to improve the birth preparedness and complication readiness practice among male partners of pregnant women and nursing mothers.
Randomised Study of The Effectiveness Of A Training Programme In Everyday Cognition In Older Adults
Authors: Gómez Celia Sánchez , Rodríguez Eduardo José Fernández
Published: June 2020

Background: Everyday cognition is the application of basic cognitive skills and knowledge of the specific domain for the resolution of problems that are integrated within the instrumental domains of functioning. The main objective to evaluate the effectiveness of a Training Programme in Everyday Cognition in order to improve the levels of everyday cognition and global cognitive performance in older adults.Methods: Experimental, randomised, stratified, prospective, longitudinal study using a fixed-assignment parallel scheme with an experimental group and a control group. The sample was composed of healthy older adults. The intervention of the experimental group consisted of an Everyday Cognition Training Programme, and the intervention of the control group consisted of a Traditional Cognitive Psycho-stimulation Programme. The Rapid Assessment of Cognitive Functions test (ERFC, for its acronym in French) and the Everyday Cognition Battery test (ECB) were used for the assessment.Results: Total sample (n=237) composed of 44 men and 223 women, with a mean age of 73.45 years. Statistically significant differences (p<0.001) were observed between both groups in both the ECB and the ERFC variables.Conclusion: The use of a Daily Cognition Training Programme presents greater benefits in terms of both global cognitive performance and everyday cognition than the use of a Traditional Cognitive Psycho-stimulation Programme in elderly adults.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04041999 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04041999)Retrospectively registered.
Phenotype of Very-Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease with Interleukin-10 Receptor A Mutations in 22 Chinese Children
Authors: Guan Dexiu , Zhang Jing , Guo Shu , Yu Feihong , Zhou Jin , Wang Guoli , Xu Xiwei
Published: June 2020

Backgroud: Very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) with onset in infancy may be caused by genetic mutation. We collected the VEO-IBD patients with interleukin-10 receptor A (IL-10RA) gene mutations to investigate the clinical phenotype and genetic characteristics.Methods: The data of 22 patients with VEO-IBD with IL-10RA gene mutations were retrospectively analyzed, and high-throughput sequencing was used to identify IL-10RA gene mutations.Results: All 22 patients in this study had IL-10RA gene mutations, including 4 (18.2%) homozygous mutations and 18 (81.8%) compound heterozygous mutations. Among these mutations, 10 mutations had been previously described and 1 novel mutation was identified. In these patients, c.C301T (p.R101W) (86.4%, 19/22) and c.G537A (p.T179T) (36.4%, 8/22) mutations were the most common mutations. This study showed that the patients had extremely early onset of symptoms, about 81.8% (18/22) of the patients had onset within 1 month after birth, and the onset time was 8.5 (IQR: 3.0–24.0) days. In addition, 77.3% (17/22) of patients had recurrent perianal lesions. Oral ulcers and skin rash were common extra-intestinal manifestations, accounting for 72.7% (16/22) and 63.6% (14/22), respectively. In this study, 3 patients underwent enterostomy and 1 patient experienced intestinal perforation repair. Umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) and thalidomide proved efficacious. Follow-up showed the mortality rate was as high as 45% (9/20).Conclusions: We should consider the genetic defects in the IL-10 signaling pathway in VEO-IBD patients, particularly when they had early onset of symptoms, perianal lesions and severe colitis.
Effect of Early Oseltamivir on COVID-19-Suspected Outpatients without Hypoxia.
Authors: Chiba Satoru
Published: June 2020

Background: Since December 2019, COVID-19 （corona virus disease 2019） outbreaks has occurred in China and many countries around the world. We evaluate the effectiveness of oseltamivir on COVID-19-suspected outpatients without hypoxia.Methods: We studied 13 COVID-19-suspected medical staffs and their cohabitation families without hypoxia, who came to our adult fever clinic from March to May 2020. All patients received antiviral therapy (oseltamivir) and antibacterial therapy together. Results: Most of the infected patients were female (8 [62%]); less than half had diabetes (one [8%]) and hypertension (three [23%]). Median age was 45 years (IQR 26–53). Oseltamivir administration made the temperature fall within 24 hours in part (8 [62%]). Clinical data were compared between patients receiving early treatment (ET) with oseltamivir, initiated within 24 hours, and patients administered late treatment (LT), initiated after this time point. Duration of fever was shorter in the ET group than in the LT group (33±24 versus 94±38 hours; p<0.01). The time from fever onset to treatment initiation correlated with duration of fever (r = 0.74; p<0.01) and the time from peak to decline (r = 0.55; p<0.05). Conclusions: Our ﬁndings suggest that early oseltamivir administration may lower the duration of fever in COVID-19-suspected outpatients without hypoxia when it is used in combination with antibacterial therapy.