bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sürdürülebilirlik Tutum ve Davranışları: Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: YÜCEL Elif
Published: January 2025

Sürdürülebilirlik, günümüzün en önemli küresel hedeflerinden biri olmasına karşın hala birçok toplumda bireyler sürdürülebilirliği günlük yaşamlarına entegre edememişlerdir. Bu çalışma da sürdürülebilirlik eğitiminin temelini oluşturarak sürdürülebilirlik bilincinin topluma yaygınlaştırılmasını sağlaması beklenen üniversitelerde, öğrencilerin sürdürülebilirlik tutum ve davranışlarının düzeyini değerlendirerek bu tutumların sürdürülebilirlikle ilgili davranışlar üzerindeki etkisini ölçmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi (İİBF) öğrencileri üzerinde uygulanmış olup, veriler anket yöntemiyle elde edilmiştir. Yapılan ankete İİBF’nin farklı bölümlerinden 921 öğrenci katılmış ve verilerin analizinde frekans analizi, regresyon analizi, t-testi ve ANOVA analizleri kullanılmıştır. Regresyon analizinin sonucuna göre, öğrencilerin sürdürülebilirlik tutumlarının sürdürülebilirlik davranışları üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu da sürdürülebilirlik farkındalığı yüksek olan öğrencilerin bu tutumları yansıtan davranışlarda bulunma olasılıklarının daha yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca çalışmada, öğrencilerin sürdürülebilir kalkınma amaçları hakkında bilgi düzeyleri ve bu amaçlara olan ilgi düzeyleri ile sürdürülebilirlik tutum ve davranışları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu tespit edilmiş ve bu amaçları hakkında daha fazla bilgiye sahip olan ve amaçlara daha fazla ilgi gösteren öğrencilerin, daha fazla sürdürülebilirlik tutum ve davranışlarına sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmada, öğrencilerin cinsiyetleri, öğrenim süreleri ve öğrenim gördükleri bölümler ile sürdürülebilirlik tutum ve davranışları arasında da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur.
Sosio-Religious Aspects of the Sasak Community in Reading a Puspakarma Manuscript: Islamic Community Development Perspective
Authors: Rahmawati Pudji , Muchammadun Muchammadun , A’yun Ariza Qurrata , Firdaus M. Zainul
Published: January 2025

There has been intense debate over whether local practices and social engagement effectively contribute to da’wah and participatory community development. Referring to the study of a Puspakarma manuscript from Lombok, coded Gallery-50B Ciputat, the paper sheds light on the local socio-religious values that form the collective memory of Muslim Sasak communities on the island. It further argues that these values offer potential for participatory socio-religious development.  The broader context of Sasak culture, as evident in the nineteenth-century Puspakarma text, provides a wider umbrella for the interpretation of elements of the manuscript’s content and message. Data analysis employs Mead’s Symbolic Interactionalism using a person-in-environment model from the perspective of Islamic Community Development. The main findings of the study are that the collective memory of ethnic Sasak Muslims recognizes the supreme being, God, and cooperative social interactions as key to community harmony, just as respect for the ancestors and nature also ensures happiness. All of these views influence community well-being. Furthermore, the author’s analysis demonstrates that each of these components found in the Sasak environment shapes the growth and development of the individual and their worldviews. This research offers fresh insight into how local development may contribute to closing the gap between cross-cultural policy and practice in Lombok and elsewhere.
Muslim Youth Between Pragmatism, Islamic Concern, And Social Piety
Authors: Fauzi Muhammad Latif , Pribadi Yanwar
Published: January 2025

During the last couple of years, Gen Z youths born between 1997 and 2010 have been actively involved in various social communities promoting a particular understanding of Islam, such as volunteers, frontline activists, or organizers. This article explores their socio-religious activism in Solo and their understanding of Islam. It delves into religious and social piety in their da‘wah (proselytization). We found out that the majority of this generation does not understand the meaning of moderate Islam properly. However, their perspectives and attitudes do not oppose differences. Most of them obtain their religious sources from social media and the Internet. Only a few of them, due to their lack of knowledge of Islamic teachings and limited encounters with non-Muslims, have a hateful attitude towards people of other religions. Meanwhile, they have an excessive defense of Islam. This study confirms Pattana Kitiarsa’s idea that religion has been commodified as a spiritual market where Muslims can select products symbolically associated with Islam.
Religion and the Identity of Independent Indonesia: A Study on Religious Narratives According to the Founding Fathers
Authors: Thaha Idris , Ropi Ismatu , Umam Saiful
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes the speeches, works, and views of some Founding Fathers of Indonesia - Supomo, Muhammad Yamin, and Sukarno - as well as other key figures like Mohammad Hatta, K.H. Wahid Hasyim, Johannes Latuharhary, and Hoesein Djajadiningrat. It will explore their perspectives on the role of religion in Indonesia's political and social spheres. In Indonesia, where religion has significantly shaped the country's politics and society, politicians and elites largely agreed that religion is crucial to forming national identity. The main difference between nationalist and Islamist leaders was the extent of religion's influence on the new nation-state, not whether it had a role at all. Some argued for integrating faith into state affairs, while others favored separating the two. The enduring debate reflects the ongoing negotiation of competing visions of Indonesian nationhood, wherein religion is a significant axis of political and cultural expression. Moreover, the "religious state" concept encapsulates Indonesian leaders' nuanced approach to navigating the diverse religious landscape while maintaining a sense of national unity.
Educação Especial na Educação Física: o que pensam os professores sobre o aluno com deficiência
Authors: Barbuio Rodrigo
Published: January 2025

O estudo investiga a escolarização de alunos com deficiência na escola comum. Tem por objetivo compreender os sentidos que professores de Educação Física atribuem a seus alunos com deficiência. A pesquisa fundamenta-se teórico e metodologicamente na perspectiva histórico-cultural do desenvolvimento humano, em especial, nas elaborações de Lev Semionovitch Vigotski sobre a constituição social humana e suas proposições sobre as condições de possibilidades de desenvolvimento de alunos com deficiência. Ancora-se no método histórico-dialético e nos estudos biográficos ao trazer a narrativa como instância simbólica da linguagem. A construção dos dados foi realizada em uma escola pública municipal de uma cidade de pequeno porte no interior do estado de São Paulo, durante o ano letivo de 2022, registradas por meio de entrevistas narrativas com quatro professores. Os resultados apontam que as significações que os docentes atribuem aos alunos com deficiência são contraditórios. Os achados direcionam para a necessidade de uma mudança educacional, que contemple um ensino real e efetivo para os alunos com deficiência, um modelo de política, uma escola, uma prática pedagógica que promova, para esses estudantes, oportunidades não apenas de estarem no meio social, mas de atuarem nele como protagonistas, como sujeitos capazes de aprender e se desenvolver.
Construção da política de saúde no Brasil: uma análise sócio-histórica
Authors: De Carli Patrícia , Allebrandt Sérgio Luís , Mueller Airton Adelar
Published: January 2025

Com o objetivo de resgatar o processo de formação e organização do movimento da reforma sanitária no Brasil, o presente artigo retrata a construção da política de saúde no período compreendido entre a década de 1970 e o movimento pré-constituinte. Trata-se de estudo histórico, pautado em revisão de literatura e análise documental dos Anais da 8ª Conferência Nacional de Saúde de 1986. A perspectiva historiográfica, adotada neste estudo, busca apresentar elementos sócio-históricos que demonstram quais valores, princípios, instituições e linhas de discurso foram utilizadas por ocasião da construção das bases teóricas e sociais que mobilizaram a formulação da política de saúde universal. A despeito das inúmeras publicações existentes sobre a constituição do Sistema Único de Saúde, o diferencial do estudo consiste em evidenciar que a construção da política pública ocorreu em um sistema down-up, a partir da mobilização de atores e instituições que constroem uma linha de debate pautada na compreensão de que a mobilização política e dos atores sociais deveria ser feita mediante o uso racional de razões, incorporando elementos do materialismo histórico, em uma ação que rompesse com um debate unicamente setorial e se comunicasse com as demandas de toda a sociedade. Evidencia-se que os argumentos utilizados na defesa da construção do direito à saúde acabaram influenciando a compreensão de democracia e as dimensões de direitos que a sociedade desejava construir naquele momento histórico. Diante do cenário atual, em que os estudos evidenciam um distanciamento da participação social e novos enfrentamentos para a consolidação da democracia, sobretudo no que diz respeito aos danos causados pela propagação de informações falsas em saúde, sistematizar e retomar o processo percorrido pelo movimento da reforma sanitária pode apontar alguns caminhos para que a saúde seja compreendida enquanto direito social e parte integrante de um projeto de desenvolvimento do país.
Patrimônio, consumo cultural e turismo em Ouro Preto, MG, pós-covid-19
Authors: Malta Souza Eder Claudio
Published: January 2025

Esta pesquisa propõe uma abordagem socioespacial dos usos dos espaços públicos e do consumo cultural na patrimonial cidade de Ouro Preto, MG. Durante a pandemia de covid-19, Ouro Preto, juntamente de outros centros históricos, enfrentou desafios significativos com a redução no número visitantes e da receita turística na economia local, o que afetou tanto os serviços turísticos quanto a vida cotidiana no sítio tombado. A partir desse contexto, retomamos pesquisas empíricas e realizamos o levantamento de artigos científicos recentes, documentos oficiais e análise de dados oficiais, para compreender em que medida ocorre o processo de recomposição urbana ouro-pretana diante das novas demandas e desafios das políticas urbanas, do turismo e da habitação no centro histórico pós-crise. Com essa abordagem, foi possível compreender os dispositivos urbanos integrativos que conectam os habitantes e os visitantes ao patrimônio cultural, por meio dos itinerários de consumo, dos usos e das formas de habitar os sítios históricos.
The Optimization of Biosilica and Humic Acid to Increase Soil Nutrient Availability and Nutrient Uptake in Rice Plant in Sandy Soil
Authors: Mindari Wanti , Chakim M. Ghufron , Widjajani Bakti Wisnu , Sasongko Purnomo Edi , Aditya Haidar Fari , Pazi Ahmad Mustapha Mohamad , Gandaseca Seca
Published: January 2025

Nutrients in sandy soil are limited due to low absorption capacity and are easily leached or evaporated. Biosilica and humic acid extracted from compost and husk ash can improve the soil structure and absorption capacity to optimize the availability and uptake of nutrients. Therefore, this research aims to examine the optimal application dose of biosilica and humic acid to improve the chemical properties of soil with a sandy texture. The experiment was structured based on a completely randomized design (CRD). Factor 1 consisted of biosilica doses of 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 tons ha-1, while factor 2 comprised humic acid doses of 0, 20, 40, and 60 kg ha-1. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test, correlation, and determination analysis. The study results indicate that the combination of biosilica and humic acid contributes to the changes in nutrient availability. The impact of the treatment was observed 90 days after application on the parameters of soil pH, organic C, total N, and exchangeable K. The effects of the treatment were also evident in plant nutrient uptake, specifically in total N in the roots and total K in the stems. The optimal combination for improving soil nutrient availability and nutrient uptake in plant tissues was a biosilica dose of 1.0 tons ha-1 (S2) and humic acid at 40 kg ha-1 (H2).
ANALISIS PENERAPAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA (K3) DI BENGKEL KONSENTRASI KEAHLIAN TEKNIK MEKANIK INDUSTRI (TMI) SMK NEGERI 2 SUKOHARJO
Authors: Pratama Rizqika Arung , Rohman Ngatau
Published: January 2025

Occupational health and safety is a crucial aspect that needs to be studied and implemented. This research aims to analyze the level of knowledge and application of OHS by 12th-grade students majoring in Industrial Mechanical Engineering at SMK Negeri 2 Sukoharjo during their practical activities in the machining workshop. This study uses quantitative descriptive research supported by observations and interviews. The sampling technique uses the total sampling method. Data collection techniques include multiple-choice tests, direct observation, and interviews. The instrument validation technique uses content validation by experts. Quantitative data analysis techniques use assessment criteria. The results of this study indicate the knowledge of 12th-grade students in the Industrial Mechanical Engineering concentration at SMK Negeri 2 Sukoharjo, conducted through multiple-choice tests and observations based on 7 indicators. These indicators are knowledge of OHS scope, knowledge of OHS facilities and infrastructure, knowledge of work hazards, knowledge of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), personal hygiene and health, workplace cleanliness and health, and ergonomics knowledge. All 7 indicators fall under good criteria. Observation results related to the implementation of OHS by 12th-grade students in the Industrial Mechanical Engineering concentration at SMK Negeri 2 Sukoharjo are based on 5 indicators. These indicators are: use of PPE, compliance with procedures, safe behavior during practice, implementation of 5S, communication and cooperation. The implementation of these 5 indicators is already good. Interview results show that the implementation of OHS during practice is already good. Keywords: Knowledge, Application, Occupational Health and Safety
State-Level Influenza Hospitalization Burden in the United States, 2022–2023
Authors: Couture Alexia , Iuliano A. Danielle , Chang Howard H. , Threlkel Ryan , Gilmer Matthew , O’Halloran Alissa , Ujamaa Dawud , Biggerstaff Matthew , Reed Carrie
Published: January 2025

Objectives. To develop a method leveraging hospital-based surveillance to estimate influenza-related hospitalizations by state, age, and month as a means of enhancing current US influenza burden estimation efforts.

Methods. Using data from the Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), we extrapolated monthly FluSurv-NET hospitalization rates after adjusting for testing practices and diagnostic test sensitivities to non-FluSurv-NET states. We used a Poisson zero-inflated model with an overdispersion parameter within the Bayesian hierarchical framework and accounted for uncertainty and variability between states and across time. Model validation included checking the sensitivity of results to input data, as well as model convergence diagnostics and comparing the results with independent data sources.

Results. We estimated 379 300 (90% credible interval [CrI] = 305 400, 479 300) influenza-related hospitalizations in the United States for the 2022–2023 season. Median cumulative state rates ranged widely from 23.2 to 249.0 per 100 000 people.

Conclusions. Our estimates were comparable to national burden estimates incorporating other approaches while accounting for variations in the timing and geography of disease activity and changes in detection and reporting. Our results provide a complementary framework to calculate estimates at finer geographic scales. ( Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print January 30, 2025:e1–e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307928 )
Syndromic Surveillance and Case Identification for Varicella Among Recent Immigrants: New York City, 2023
Authors: Askari Melanie S. , Arciuolo Robert J. , Matalka Olivia , Graham Krishika A. , Isaac Beth M. , Lall Ramona , Jean Antonine , Rosen Jennifer B.
Published: January 2025

Objectives. To determine utility of syndromic surveillance in improving varicella case detection during an outbreak among recent immigrants to New York City (NYC).

Methods. During March through August 2023, the NYC Health Department received varicella reports from routine sources and syndromic surveillance from emergency department visits with varicella as a chief complaint or discharge diagnosis. Reports were reviewed to determine if individuals met criteria for confirmed or probable varicella cases and if cases were outbreak-associated. We calculated positive predictive value (PPV) and timeliness of syndromic surveillance reports and compared them with routine surveillance reports.

Results. The health department received 639 unique varicella reports. Of 513 varicella cases, 247 (48.1%) were from syndromic surveillance alone, 194 (37.8%) from routine sources alone, and 72 (14.0%) from both sources. PPV was higher for syndromic surveillance (89.1%) versus routine surveillance (74.7%). Among 310 outbreak-associated cases, 139 were identified through syndromic surveillance (44.8%); syndromic surveillance was the only reporting source for 75 (24.2%). Syndromic surveillance was more timely than routine reporting (median = 3 days; range = 1–27 vs 5 days; range = 0–52).

Conclusions. NYC syndromic surveillance improved varicella case detection during this outbreak. ( Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print January 30, 2025:e1–e4. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307961 )
Study of Sodium Benzoat, Cyclamate , Dissolved solids and Water Content on Commercial Product of Jam in Surabaya Region
Authors: Aprilianto Richardus , Rahmiati Retnani , Handarini Kejora
Published: January 2025

Jam is a processed food in a gel or semi solid food from fruit pulp with sugar, acid and food additives. Use of food additives with maximum threshold will effect in our body health. Beside of food additives, physical quality characteristics are also important to making the jam. The purpose of this study was to determine value of sodium benzoat, cyclamate, dossolved solids and water content based on merk and various commersial product of jam in Surabaya region. The research method was a descriptive observations with a total of 21 sample tested. The data in this study were analyzed descriptively and inferential statistics. From the research results, were obtained that 14,8% sample exceeds the threshold of sodium benzoat regulation, 61.9% had a little high water content, all of sample followed the regulation in cyclamate threshold and dissolved solids. The result show value of cyclamate was inversely proportional to dissolved solids. Differences in different brands and variants was not significant in the test results of sodium benzoat, cyclamate and water content. While in dissolved solids the brands provided significant different.
Investigation of bioplastic degradation for military in-field applications : implementation of sustainable practices into the US military for rapid biodegrading polylactic acid (PLA) plastic in compostable environments
Authors: Young Allison , McDermott Andrew , Davidson Susannah , Velazquez, Mileisha , Cender Clinton , Rice Abigail , Wilson Emily , Miranda Ramirez Jaime , Howard Heidi , Urban Angela
Published: January 2025

The Army Climate Strategy has identified goals to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to reach net-zero Army GHG emissions by 2050. Producing fossil-fuel-based plastics releases GHG emissions and plastic bottles are difficult to dispose, especially in contingency locations. Soldiers prefer hydrating with plastic water bottles, which leads to GHG emissions. This project investigates using bioplastics for water bottles. These bioplastics are produced from natural materials and can break down faster with alternative disposal methods, such as composting. Challenges include finding a material with a stable shelf life and the capability to hold water, but also one that that degrades with ease in the right composting environment. As part of this project, partners at the University of Minnesota are developing a new polylactic acid (PLA) material to fit the material properties needed for this application. Their research is ongoing. Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL) researchers test-ed commercial PLA in calorimeter and incubator studies and with a full-scale demonstration of the commercial composting Sustainable Generation Mobile System. The PLA did not completely degrade, and testing showed mixed results on finished compost quality. Recommendations include continued testing, experimenting with other bioplastics, and changing compost feedstock variables.
Comparison of sperm activity indices in the experimental model of healthy male BALB/C mice and subacute bisphenol A (Bpa) poisoning
Authors: Ganjavar Homayoun , Mohammadsadegh Majid , Almousavi Saber
Published: January 2025

Endocrine disrupting chemicals or xenoestrogens are natural or synthetic compounds that have the ability to disrupt the endocrine system by mimicking or blocking endogenous hormones. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare sperm activity indices in the experimental model of healthy male BALB/C mice and subacute bisphenol A (Bpa) poisoning. For this purpose, 30 mice were purchased and divided into 5 groups of 6 for testing. The rats in the first group were negative control , second group received propylene glycol as vehicle control and in the following groups received different doses of bisphenol A (from 50 mg/kg/daily to 600 mg/kg/daily) . Then, the sperms were sampled and the quality indicators of the sperms such as percentage of motility, viability, etc. were evaluated. Finally, using statistical methods, the results obtained in the present study were statistically analyzed. The average indices of concentration (p=0.001), motility and amount of progressive sperm (p=0.003), amount of motile sperm (p=0.001), live sperm (p=0.0001) and sperm with normal morphology (p=0.003) in the receiving groups Bisphenol A was significantly reduced. The study shows that , the chemical bisphenol A has a very destructive effect on sperm and effectively causes infertility.
Pharmacological Activation of SIRT6 Suppresses Progression of Head and Neck and Esophagus Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Modulation of Cellular Metabolism and Protein Translation
Authors: Elkabets Moshe , Lulu Talal Ben , Pevzner Yaniv , Sklarz Menachem , Mathukkada Sooraj , Marripati Divyasree , Shimshilashvili-Kleiner Liana , Ohana Ehud , Cohen Idan , Zhang Jian , Rotblat Barak , Hai Wang , Kong Dexin , Cohen Ofir , Toiber Debra
Published: January 2025

Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a NAD+ -dependent histone deacetylase, has been shown to function as a tumor suppressor gene in several cancer types, including in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and esophagus (HNSCC and ESCC). However, the potential of therapies involving the activation of SIRT6 in HNSCC and ESCC remains unexplored. In this work, we investigated the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action of the allosteric SIRT6 activator MDL-800 in HNSCC and ESCC cell lines both in vitro and in vivo. First, we showed that MDL-800 treatment exhibited extensive anti-tumor activity in vitro by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of HNSCC and ESCC cell lines. In cell-derived xenograft mouse models, MDL-800 treatment effectively delayed tumor growth in two cancer models. Mechanistically, using global H3K9ac acetylation profiling, and protein arrays, we demonstrated that MDL-800 treatment potently inhibits glucose metabolism, and protein translation induced by impeded mTOR, E2F-related G1/S transcription, ribosomal protein S6 (S6) and, 4E-BP1 activity. This inhibition of mTOR induces a feedback loop involving IGF-1R/INSR activation, which subsequently enables glucose uptake into the cell. IGF1R activation limited the anti-tumor activity of MDL-800 as the PI3K/AKT pathway became hyperactive. Preventing this feedback loop using alpha-specific PI3K inhibitor (BYL719/Alpelisib) resulted in a synergistic anti-tumor effect when MDL-800 and BYL719 were combined. In vivo, the combined treatment of MDL-800 and BYL719 resulted in a prolonged response, with minimal progression observed even 30 days post-initial treatment. Overall, our study identified the molecular mechanisms underlying SIRT6 activation in HNSCC and ESCC. Our findings indicate that SIRT6 activators may have therapeutic potential, either alone or in combination with PI3K inhibition in cancers where SIRT6 is downregulated and serves as a tumor suppressor.
Unlocking Foreign Language Enjoyment in GenAI-Assisted English Learning: A Q-Methodology Perspective from Chinese EFL Students
Authors: Gao Yang , Quan Quan
Published: January 2025

This study employs Q methodology to investigate Chinese EFL students' foreign language enjoyment in GenAI-assisted English learning environments. Through Q-sorting and follow-up written responses from university students, this research identified three distinct patterns: (1) Instrumental Support Orientation, characterized by enjoyment derived from GenAI's immediate assistance and error correction features, but showing limited engagement with deeper learning processes; (2) Independent Learning Achievement, reflecting high satisfaction from autonomous goal attainment and learning efficiency while demonstrating resistance to peer interaction and collaborative learning; and (3) Learning Feature Exploration, emphasizing enjoyment through experimenting with various GenAI functionalities but expressing significant skepticism about language learning outcomes and anxiety reduction. These findings extend our understanding of FLE in technology-enhanced language learning by revealing how learners experience enjoyment through different pathways of GenAI interaction.
Predictability of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome by Neck Circumference in Nigerian Adolescents with Obesity.
Authors: Bamigboye-Taiwo Olukemi T. , Afolabi Samson , Ajose Olabamiji Abiodun , Ogunlade O
Published: January 2025

Background
Metabolic syndrome is a rapidly emerging global health challenge characterized cardiometabolic risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. While manifesting majorly in adults, evidence suggests these risk factors emerge in childhood. Neck circumference, has shown promise as a simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive screening tool for obesity and related risks in adolescents, though its relationship with metabolic syndrome risk factors remains unclear.
Objectives
To evaluate the association of neck circumference (NC) with obesity and cardio-metabolic risk factors in Nigerian adolescents with and without obesity.
Methods
A study was conducted among 250 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years (125 with obesity and 125 without). Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and pulse rate were measured. Venous samples were obtained for fasting plasma lipids [Total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein – cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein – cholesterol (LDL-C), Triglycerides (TG)] and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) estimation.
Results
There were 24 (19.2%) males and 101 (80.8%) females in each group, giving a male to female ratio of 1: 4.2. Median (SD) age for the adolescents with and without obesity was 15.69 (2.24) and 15.74 (2.25) years respectively. Neck circumference correlated positively with weight (r = 0.265, p = 0.003), height (r = 0.222, p = 0.013), and BMI (r = 0.209, p = 0.019) but not with waist circumference (r = 0.167, p = 0.063) in adolescents with obesity. There was no relationship between neck circumference and TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG, or FPG in either of the two groups of adolescents.
Conclusions
From this study, neck circumference can predict obesity but not central obesity and other cardiometabolic risks in Nigerian adolescents.
Kinetic Analysis of Reduction Reaction of MnO from High Carbon Ferromanganese Slag using Fractional Differential Equations (FDE)
Authors: UnDok Kim , MyongJae Kim , IlChol Ju
Published: January 2025

In this paper, a kinetic model for the reduction process by solid carbon of MnO in high-carbon ferromanganese slags using fractional differential equations(FDE) was developed, the relationship between fractional order, fractional rate constant and temperature was determined, and the accuracy of the fractional order model was verified. The fractional order q is 0.892, 0.808, and 0.522, at 1,450 ℃, 1,500 ℃, and 1,600 ℃respectively, and the fractional rate constant kq 1.176E-03, 2.856E-03, and 3.477E-02. A linear relationship exists between the fractional order and the temperature, and an exponential relationship exists with the fractional rate constant. Comparing the conversion factors calculated from the FDE and previous model with the experimental values, the RMSE were 0.005 and 0.029, respectively, and the r2 0.999 and 0.980. This means the FDE model is more accurate. The apparent activation energy of the MnO reduction process calculated using the model was 181.1 kJ/mol.
Space Weathering On The Lunar Near-Side And Far-Side Constrained From Si Isotopes
Authors: Yu Hui-Min , Zhang Hui-Yan , Tang Haolan , Lin Yu-Chao , Xiao Zicong , Yang Lin , Kang Jinting , Shen Ji , Qin Liping , Huang Fang
Published: January 2025

Over long timescales, space weathering processes can modify the compositions of surface materials on the Moon. To assess the effects of space weathering of lunar soils, we study Si isotopes of Chang’E-5 (CE-5) and Chang’E-6 (CE-6) returned samples, and lunar meteorites. Both bulk soils from CE-5 and CE-6 exhibit heavier Si isotopic compositions than the basalt clasts within the soils and lunar meteorites, indicating that the space weathering obviously increase δ30Si of lunar soils. Furthermore, the CE-6 soil from the lunar farside has heavier Si isotopic values than the CE-5 soils from the nearside, suggesting that the CE-6 soil has experienced a higher space weathering degree than the CE-5 soils. This increased weathering degree could be attributed to either a longer weathering period or stronger micrometeorite impacts on CE-6 soil from farside compared to CE-5 soils from nearside.
Preparation, Physicochemical Assessment, and Cytotoxicity of Bone Powder Derived from Cuttlefish Bone via Hydrothermal and Chemical-Enzymatic Transformation
Authors: Azimi Nozhan , Hasannia Sadegh , Aghayan Shabnam
Published: January 2025

Background
The rising demand for effective bone graft materials, particularly in dentistry, stems from the limitations of autografts, such as limited availability and donor site morbidity. Cuttlebone, a natural and abundant calcium carbonate source, exhibits potential as an alternative due to its structural and mechanical properties. This study investigates the physicochemical and biological properties of bone powder derived from cuttlebone using two processing methods: hydrothermal and chemical-enzymatic transformation, aiming to explore its potential for oral and maxillofacial bone graft applications.
Methods
The thermal processing method removed all organic components, while the enzymatic method retained collagen proteins. The resulting bone powders were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility were evaluated using the MTT assay and cell adhesion tests on L929 fibroblasts and C2C12 osteoblast precursor cells.
Results
SEM and XRD analyses revealed that the thermal samples had a crystalline, polyhedral structure, while the enzymatic samples were amorphous and sheet-like. FTIR confirmed the presence of calcium phosphate in both samples, but the enzymatic group retained collagen-associated amide bonds. BET analysis indicated that the enzymatic samples had a larger surface area and pore volume, which supported better cell adhesion. MTT assays demonstrated the enzymatic group showed over 100% cell viability, indicating excellent biocompatibility, while thermal samples exhibited below 70%.
Conclusion
The enzymatically processed Cuttlebone-derived bone powder showed superior biocompatibility and structural properties suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. In contrast, the thermal samples, although crystalline, were cytotoxic. These findings suggest that enzymatic processing of Cuttlebone may offer a promising, biocompatible alternative for bone grafting applications.
Creditor Rights and Firm Productivity: Evidence from Emerging Markets
Authors: Singh Ranjeet , Chauhan Yogesh
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the effect of creditor rights on firm productivity in emerging markets using two empirical approaches. The first approach employs a cross-country analysis with regression techniques, revealing that stronger creditor rights are associated with higher firm productivity in these markets. The second approach utilizes the implementation of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016 in India as a quasi-natural experiment to address potential omitted variable bias and confounding effects. Using the Difference-in-Differences method, this analysis confirms that enhancements in creditor rights lead to increased firm productivity, attributable to reduced misallocation of economic resources and improved technology adoption. Additionally, the study demonstrates that better creditor rights contribute to higher capital and labor productivity.
Modeling Monkeypox Epidemics: Thresholds, Temporal Dynamics, and Waning Immunity from Smallpox Vaccination
Authors: Yaga Samaila Jackson
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the dynamics of Monkeypox virus (MPXV) through a novel theoretical framework that extends classical epidemic threshold theory. The dual threshold theory is introduced, highlighting the interplay between the time-dependent basic reproduction number and the susceptible population density. Epidemic initiation is shown to occur when the time dependent reproductive number is greater than the threshold value of one and the susceptible population density at any time is greater than the critical threshold density of susceptibles. The model incorporates waning immunity from prior smallpox vaccination and immunity loss from previous MPXV infections, revealing complex epidemic behaviors such as oscillatory waves, prolonged outbreaks, and extended inter-epidemic periods under high transmission scenarios. Sensitivity analyses identify key drivers of epidemic initiation and progression, emphasizing the critical influence of waning immunity and zoonotic reservoirs. Public health implications underline the importance of targeted vaccination campaigns, rodent control, and continuous surveillance to reduce epidemic risks and prevent resurgence. This study provides actionable insights for managing MPXV outbreaks, while the dual threshold framework offers a robust theoretical foundation for understanding the dynamics of waning of vaccine cross immunity and zoonotic diseases.
O papel da alimentação na prevenção de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis: uma ação extensionista virtual
Authors: BORGES Giovanna Lima , MARQUES Larissa Alves , LEMES Ana Clara de Fátima da Cunha , CEZAR Ana Clara Nogueira , SOUSA Brenda Louise Rodrigues , SOUSA Gabriel Fellipe Rodrigues , FERREIRA Luan Carrijo , COSTA Laura Ferreira , MENDES Gabriel Junes , MOREIRA Marília Rodrigues
Published: January 2025

Atualmente, percebe-se divergências no estilo de vida dos cidadãos quanto à aquisição de uma alimentação saudável. Nesse cenário, o tema das Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis merece destaque, pois muitos se entregaram à ingestão de alimentos ultraprocessados. O presente trabalho visa relatar a experiência de organização e execução da ação extensionista “Os impactos da ma? alimentac?a?o na sau?de individual e pu?blica“, promovida por acadêmicos de Medicina, que objetivou conscientizar a população sobre o papel preventivo da alimentação saudável em relação a tais doenças. O evento consistiu em uma palestra guiada por uma nutróloga, via YouTube, acompanhado de um quiz, o envio de formulários e um momento para tirar dúvidas dos telespectadores. Essa experiência ofereceu ganhos à formação pessoal, acadêmica e profissional dos discentes, além de popularizar a ciência, com a oferta de conhecimentos imprescindíveis ao bem-estar coletivo.
Interaction and collision of skyrmions in chiral antiferromagnets
Authors: Theodorou George , Barton-Singer Bruno , Komineas Stavros
Published: January 2025

Skyrmions in an antiferromagnet can travel as solitary waves in stark contrast to the situation in ferromagnets. Traveling skyrmion solutions have been found numerically in chiral antiferromagnets. We study head-on collision events between two skyrmions. We find that the result of the collision depends on the initial velocity of the skyrmions. For small velocities, the skyrmions shrink as they approach, then bounce back and eventually acquire almost their initial speed. For larger velocities, the skyrmions approach each other and shrink until they become singular points at some finite separation and are eventually annihilated. Considering skyrmion energetics, we can determine the regimes of the different dynamical behaviors. Using a collective co-ordinate approach, we reproduce the dynamics of the collisions including the variation of the size of the skyrmions and collapse above a critical velocity.
Analysis of changes in the ecohydrological situation and its driving forces in the Li River Basin
Authors: Wang Hongxiang , Li Yanhua , Cheng Siyuan , Yuan Weiqi , Bai Xiangyu , Ma Yajuan , Yu Zhiqian , Yu Long , Wang Bing , Guo Wenxian
Published: January 2025

Quantifying river ecohydrological conditions and their drivers is essential for protecting river ecosystems. Using runoff data from the Shimen Hydrological Station, we quantified changes in the basin's ecohydrological situation with the RVA method. Based on the ABCD model and Budyko's hypothesis, we quantified the differences in runoff drivers on time scales, such as yearly, quarterly, and monthly. The results showed that after the sudden change in the river basin in 1983, the runoff depth was reduced by 51.31 mm, and all five groups of ecohydrological indicators reached more than moderate alteration. The number of reversals was altered by 90.85%, resulting in drought impacting the bottom-mobile streamside organisms. Differences in the contribution of drivers at different time scales were more pronounced. At the annual scale, human activity was the dominant factor in runoff change; at the seasonal scale, human activity was more heavily weighted in winter, accounting for 30.5% of the total. On the monthly scale, human activities contributed more significantly in April, June, October, and December, with 82.91, 78.83, 58.01, and 97.09%, respectively, and climate change was the main driver in the rest of the months (50.26–89.64%).
TRAJETÓRIAS PROFISSIONAIS DE PESSOAS COM CEGUEIRA ADQUIRIDA NA REGIÃO DO SERIDÓ/RN
Authors: SANTOS SILVA LUZIA GUACIRA , BEZERRA VARELLA MARIA DA CONCEIÇÃO , RODRIGUES PAZ JOSEFA ROSENEIDE
Published: January 2025

A cegueira adquirida é um evento que provoca mudanças internas e externas ao ser humano, trazendo desordem e, ordem, após a vivência do luto pela perda visual. O artigo, revela um recorte de pesquisa de abordagem quali-quanti, do tipo exploratória e descritiva, aplicada via método de Estudo de Caso e ancorada em princípios da abordagem sociocultural. Os dados contemplam  concepções  de quatro participantes com cegueira adquirida, do município de Currais Novos/RN, mesorregião Central Potiguar, sobre suas experiências profissionais e laborais, como se sentiam e se sentem após a perda da visão. Em torno dos dados, a discussão sobre como se apresenta o mercado de trabalho para pessoas com deficiência, os desafios e as barreiras impostas. Os resultados apontam que o grau da deficiência influencia diretamente o reconhecimento profissional e a valorização do trabalho dessas pessoas. Embora muitas vezes não dito de forma direta, fica implícito que as oportunidades e o respeito profissional são frequentemente modulados pelas limitações percebidas pelos que estão no entorno, mais do que pelas habilidades reais dos indivíduos. Consideramos a inclusão plena de pessoas cegas no mercado de trabalho, o reflexo do compromisso de uma sociedade com a igualdade de oportunidades e o reconhecimento das capacidades de todos os indivíduos, independentemente de suas condições.
Soroepidemiologia de agentes virais de equinos de vaquejada na região de Mossoró/RN
Authors:   , Ferreira Heider Irinaldo Pereira
Published: January 2025

Foram coletadas amostras de equinos de vaquejada, em
atividade, machos e fêmeas, das raças Quarto de Milha e Paint Horse, com idade variando entre 2 e 15 anos, criados nas zonas rural e urbana do município de Mossoró, localizado na região Oeste do estado do Rio grande do Norte. Os testes foram realizados em 132 amostras de soro para anticorpos contra estomatite vesicular (EV) e arterite viral equina (AVE), 118 para encefalomielite leste e oeste (EEL/EEO), 114 para herpesvírus
tipo 1 (HVE-1) e 61 para influenza equina (IE). Na análise das amostras a técnica utilizada variou de acordo com a enfermidade pesquisada; anticorpos contra EV (frente as cepas virais Ribeirão e Alagoas), arterite viral equina, HVE-1 e EEL/EEO foram
pesquisados pela técnica de soroneutralização em culturas de células da linhagem Vero (EV, verificar HVE-1 e EEL/EEO); e a pesquisa para IE tipo-2 (H3N8) foi realizada pela técnica de inibição da hemaglutinação. Foram obtidos os seguintes resultados das amostras testadas: para AVE não houve animais positivos (n=132), para EV obteve-se 39 (29,55%) animais positivos para o tipo Alagoas e 6 (4,54%) animais para o tipo
Ribeirão (n=132), com relação às encefalomielites, anticorpos contra EEL e EEO (n=118) estiveram presentes em 13 (11,01%) e 1 (0,84%), respectivamente; para HVE-1 foram encontrados 22 (19,29%) equinos positivos (n=114). Quanto às variáveis,
histórico de doenças respiratórias e reprodutivas, as mesmas foram estatisticamente significativas (p=0.02) em relação à presença de anticorpos contra HVE-1. A AVE não está presente entre os equinos de vaquejada em Mossoró/RN, para outras viroses pesquisadas (EV, IE, HVE-1, EEL e EEO) há evidências de atividade viral nas populações de equinos de Mossoró, e sinais clínicos respiratórios e reprodutivos podem
ser sugestivos de infecção por HVE-1.
Campêlo, Maria Carla da Silva
Authors:   , Campêlo Maria Carla da Silva
Published: January 2025

Carnes e produtos cárneos sofrem processo de deterioração muito facilmente, por
isso, muitas vezes são utilizados métodos de conservação para aumentar a vida útil além de
agregar valor a estes produtos. Dentre eles, a salga é bastante utilizada, desde os primórdios,
para estender a vida de prateleira. No entanto, o elevado consumo de cloreto de sódio pode
levar ao desenvolvimento de hipertensão arterial e doenças cardiovasculares secundárias.
Diante disso, objetivou-se avaliar qualidade de carne de sol elaborada com teores reduzidos de
cloreto de sódio e adição de conservadores naturais. Para tanto, foi adquirida carne bovina in
natura, em seguida esta carne foi cortada e dividida em quatro grupos amostrais, sendo eles:
CLS: carne com lactato de sódio, CAL: carne com ácido lático, CAL+LS: carne com ácido
lático e lactato de sódio e Controle: carne sem nenhum tratamento. Posteriormente, a carne foi
então salgada com teor de cloreto de sódio à 2% e armazenada a temperatura de refrigeração
4ºC±1º. Foram realizadas análises microbiológicas e físico-químicas na carne in natura, para
avaliar a qualidade da matéria – prima utilizada e nas carnes de sol com os tratamentos, as quais
foram analisadas nos tempos 0, imediatamente após a inserção dos conservadores, e com 3, 6,
9 e 12 dias de armazenamento refrigerado. As carnes de sol contendo os conservadores naturais
demostraram menores contagens microbianas quando comparadas com a carne controle,
havendo destaque para o grupo amostral CAL, que demostrou um incremento na vida de
prateleira de até seis dias de armazenamento. Em relação aos parâmetros físico-químicos, os
conservadores não alteraram significativamente a qualidade das amostras. Portanto, o ácido
lático e lactado de sódio podem ser considerados alternativas viáveis para prolongar a vida útil
da carne de sol, reduzindo ainda o teor de cloreto de sódio utilizado.
Caracterização histológica e vitrificação de tecido somático de catetos (Pecari tajacu Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors:   , Borges Alana Azevedo
Published: January 2025

A criopreservação de tecido somático de catetos representa uma etapa
interessante na obtenção e conservação de células para a transferência nuclear (clonagem).
Nesse sentido, protocolos de vitrificação tecidual necessitam ser otimizados para garantir a
máxima conservação das características viáveis das células. Portanto, os objetivos do presente
trabalho foram caracterizar histologicamente o sistema tegumentar da região auricular
periférica (Etapa 1) e avaliar diferentes crioprotetores na vitrificação em superfície sólida de
tecido somático de catetos (Etapa 2). Para tanto, fragmentos auriculares (9,0 mm3) foram
recuperados de dezesseis animais oriundos do Centro de Multiplicação de Animais Silvestres
(CEMAS/UFERSA). Na primeira etapa, amostras teciduais foram avaliadas quanto à
caracterização das camadas, seus componentes e atividade proliferativa. Para a segunda etapa,
fragmentos teciduais foram criopreservados por vitrificação em superfície sólida em meio
essencial mínimo modificado por Dulbecco suplementado com 10% de soro fetal bovino e
diferentes crioprotetores e concentrações [dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO; 3,0 M), etilenoglicol
(EG; 3,0 M) e associação DMSO/EG (1,5 M; 1,5 M) na ausência e presença de sacarose (0,25
M)]. Após duas semanas, fragmentos aquecidos e não criopreservados (controle) foram
analisados usando técnicas histológicas. Assim, para ambas as etapas, amostras teciduais
foram avaliadas usando colorações hematoxilina-eosina e tricômico de Gomori, quantificação
de regiões argirofílicas organizadoras nucleolares (AgNORs) e viabilidade pelo ensaio de
MTT (brometo de 3-[4,5-dimetil-tiazol-2-il]-2,5-difeniltetrazólio). Ainda, na primeira etapa,
fragmentos foram analisados por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. Assim, na primeira
etapa, tamanhos de 104,2 μm e 222,6 μm foram observados para epiderme e derme, com uma
proporção volumétrica de 36,6% e 58,7%, respectivamente. Além disso, na epiderme, foram
evidenciadas as camadas basal (22,5 μm), intermediárias (53,5 μm) e córnea (28,2 μm), com
valores médios de 65,3 de células epidermais, 43,4 melanócitos e 14,8 de halos perinucleares.
Já a derme apresentou 127 fibroblastos com 2,5 AgNORs por nucléolo. Adicionalmente, a
atividade metabólica foi de 0,243. Na segunda etapa, a combinação de 3,0 M de EG com
sacarose foi adequada em manter as características teciduais normais quando comparado com
os fragmentos não vitrificados, especialmente para a proporção volumétrica da epiderme (61,2
vs. 58,7) e derme (34,5 vs. 36,6), número de fibroblastos (90,3 vs. 127,0) e razão de AgNOR
(0,09 vs. 0,17), respectivamente. Em conclusão, o sistema tegumentar auricular periférico de
catetos possuiu algumas variações em relação a outros mamíferos, quanto ao número de
camadas e espessura da epiderme, quantidade de células epidermais, melanócitos e
parâmetros proliferativos. Além disso, 3,0 M de EG com 0,25 M de sacarose resultaram na
melhor composição de crioprotetores na vitrificação de tecido somático de catetos.