bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perusall: herramienta de lectura colaborativa y anotación en línea para facilitar la comprensión lectora
Authors: Gudiño-Santos Ericka Fabiola , Espinosa Rodríguez Fernanda , Hernández Romo Alan Kristian
Published: April 2022

Los profesores en ocasiones enfrentan el reto de que sus estudiantes realicen las lecturas asignadas de forma previa a la clase. Perusall es una plataforma gratuita de aprendizaje social en línea para promover la lectura y comprensión de los contenidos mediante el intercambio de ideas, resolución de problemas y aclaración de dudas. Se basa en la teoría del constructivismo social, el aprendizaje colaborativo, el sistema de anotaciones en línea y el compromiso del estudiante con el material de forma activa, constructiva e interactiva. Promueve el proceso de metacognición de los participantes y favorece la comprensión lectora.

Esta plataforma permite compartir contenidos en diversos formatos como: libros del catálogo de Perusall, páginas web, documentos desde la computadora y Dropbox, videos y podcast; lo anterior posibilita el desarrollo de actividades que fomenten el aprendizaje activo de los estudiantes al revisar e interactuar con el contenido; asimismo, mediante analíticas que genera la plataforma, los profesores pueden identificar los temas que requieren mayor atención y así planificar el diseño de sus clases.

En este artículo se describen las principales características de Perusall; las bases y principios teóricos sobre los que se fundamenta; sus principales funciones y herramientas; las fortalezas, limitaciones y desafíos de su uso; y los pasos y recomendaciones a seguir para un efectivo aprovechamiento de la plataforma.

Se espera que, al conocer estos aspectos, los profesores de ciencias de la salud incorporen esta herramienta a su práctica docente dado que puede ser de gran utilidad en distintas modalidades de enseñanza, para mejorar la comprensión lectora de sus estudiantes.
Mammography Stages Adoption and Health Beliefs in Mexican Women
Authors: Valenciano-Salas Iliana Azeneth , Juárez-García Dehisy Marisol , Téllez Arnoldo , Sánchez-Jáuregui Teresa De Jesús , García-Solís Manuel De Jesús
Published: April 2022

Objective. To identify associations between sociodemographic variables and stages of change and evaluate differences between health belief model variables and these stages. Methods. This cross-sectional descriptive study included 612 women aged 40 years and older admitted to a public hospital in the Northeast of Mexico. The participants answered the health belief model scale and selected the statement that best reflected their experience with mammography screening. The association between sociodemographic and clinical variables and the mammography stages of change was assessed using X2, and the groups of stages of change were compared using one-way ANOVA and Games-Howell post-hoc tests. Results. There was a significant association between age and the stages of action and maintenance. Breast cancer screening methods such as breast self-examination and clinical breast examination were more common among women in the stages of maintenance and relapse. There were differences between pre-contemplation and the more advanced stages in all dimensions except in the perceived seriousness p <.001. Self-efficacy and health motivation were different among women at the stage of contemplation, maintenance, and relapse. Conclusions. Perceived self-efficacy and health motivation may increase adherence to mammography screening.
Propiedades Psicométricas del Weight Loss Motivation Questionnaire en una Muestra de Estudiantes Universitarios Mexicanos
Authors: Candelaria-Martínez Maribel , Franco-Paredes Karina
Published: April 2022

Conocer las razones iniciales que motivan el control del peso en una persona aumenta la probabilidad de éxito en el tratamiento. No obstante, aún son escasos los instrumentos con propiedades psicométricas óptimas para medir las razones por las cuales las personas quieren perder peso corporal. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la estructura factorial y la consistencia interna de las puntuaciones del Weight Loss Motivation Questionnaire (WLM-Q) en una muestra mexicana de estudiantes universitarios. Se realizó un estudio instrumental con un diseño transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 294 participantes, quienes respondieron el WLM-Q. El análisis factorial confirmatorio comprobó los tres factores generados en el estudio original: Apariencia en Relación a Otros, Apariencia en Relación a sí Mismo, y Salud (CFI = .96; TLI = .96; RMSEA = .07; SRMR = .08). El índice de consistencia interna fue adecuado para cada factor (α = 93, .91 y .92; Omega = .90, .89 y .87). Se concluye que los resultados sobre la validez y confiabilidad de las puntuaciones del WLM-Q son adecuados en la muestra estudiada; sin embargo, es necesario generar más evidencia respecto a la validez de las puntuaciones, la estabilidad de la medida y considerar otras muestras.
Estructura Factorial de Agencia Personal en Estudiantes Colombianos y Mexicanos
Authors: Maytorena-Noriega María De los Ángeles , González-Lomelí Daniel , Corral Verdugo Víctor
Published: April 2022

En el presente estudio se busca analizar los predictores de la agencia personal de estudiantes universitarios, diferenciando entre estudiantes colombianos y mexicanos. Para lo cual se exploraron las estructuras factoriales de la Agencia Personal de ambos grupos de estudiantes, así como las interrelaciones que exhiben los factores en cada una de las muestras. Se trabajó con una muestra no probabilística de 243 estudiantes, 127 mexicanos y 116 colombianos quienes respondieron la Escala de Agencia Personal del IASE. Un AF-MM refleja universalidad a juzgar por los valores de chi cuadrado; sin embargo, sí se presentan diferencias entre los predictores de cada factor para ambas muestras. Se discute acerca de que estudios de este tipo permiten el uso de la escala de Agencia personal como predictor de dicho factor para estudiantes de ambas muestras dado que es un instrumento culturalmente sensible y relevante para la realidad cultural latinoamericana.
Propiedades Psicométricas del Cuestionario de Sobreingesta (OQ) en Universitarios del Valle de México
Authors: González Alcántara Karla Edith , Valle Nava Marianne Daniela , Silva Cecilia
Published: April 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la estructura factorial, consistencia interna y estabilidad de la medida del Cuestionario de Sobreingesta Alimentaria (OQ) en una población universitaria. Participaron 703 jóvenes de la zona metropolitana del valle de México con edades entre los 18 y 25 años (M = 20.2; DE = 1.8) de los cuales 73% eran mujeres y 27% hombres. Los análisis de los reactivos se llevaron a cabo siguiendo las técnicas propuestas en la Teoría Clásica de los Test. Tras revisar la distribución, discriminación, correlación ítem total y multicolinealidad de los reactivos se procedió a probar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento. Aunque tras los análisis sólo se conservaron 61 de los 80 reactivos y diez de las once escalas originales, se observó que el instrumento tiene una estructura factorial similar a la propuesta por los autores del instrumento, ya que los modelos probados mostraron adecuados índices de ajuste en los análisis factoriales confirmatorios y correlaciones entre las escalas similares a la versión original. Las diez escalas mostraron adecuados valores de consistencia interna y aceptables valores de estabilidad de la medida. Se concluye que el OQ cuenta con apropiadas características psicométricas para su uso en universitarios mexicanos.
Validación de la Escala de Hostilidad (HO) de Cook y Medley en Población Adulta del Noroeste de México
Authors: Martínez-Mir Raúl
Published: April 2022

Desde la descripción del Patrón de Conducta Tipo A (PCTA) como factor de riesgo de la enfermedad cardiovascular y la posterior confirmación de la hostilidad como uno de los principales predictores del padecimiento, se han empleado distintas escalas de medida para su evaluación. Una de las mayormente citadas es la Escala de Hostilidad (HO) de Cook y Medley (1954). El objetivo del presente fue determinar la confiabilidad y validez de la escala para población adulta del noroeste de México. Se empleó en una muestra de 1669 participantes con un rango de edad de entre 30 a 85 años, una media de 38 y una desviación estándar de 10.16. Esta muestra presenta un rango de edad superior a los de otros estudios que tienden a utilizar estudiantes. Un análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró una estructura factorial con cinco factores, siguiendo el modelo de Barefoot et al. (1989, 1991), con una varianza explicada de 29.67% y un índice de consistencia interna de 0.86, obteniendo además que los indicadores de bondad del ajuste de los datos fueron óptimos. Se concluye que la escala de hostilidad, posee una fiabilidad y validez apropiada, lo que permitirá su uso para la medida del constructo en población adulta.
Flujos de capital y desarrollo financiero: una mirada desde países en desarrollo
Authors: Levy Orlik Noemí , Bustamante Jorge Alonso
Published: April 2022

En América Latina la complejización de las relaciones financieras y la consolidación de la gran empresa tuvo lugar durante el periodo de globalización, con la peculiaridad de que el  mercado de capitales no se desarrolló a la par, ya que las operaciones de las grandes empresas (multinacionales y multilatinas) no se realizaron a través de las instituciones financieras domésticas, sino vía la emisión de bonos en los centros financieros internacionales. A partir de esta idea es que se realiza un modelo econométrico de datos de panel que mide el impacto de los flujos de capital (IED y cartera) en un conjunto de indicadores del sector financiero y real para mostrar que la entrada de capital no contribuyó al desarrollo financiero ni al crecimiento económico.
Analysis of the Use of Marketing Tools at the Present Stage of Development of the Market of Banking Services: Foreign Experience and Turkish Practice
Authors: Latifovna Azimova Gulnoza
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Currently, the development of the banking system in the world is taking place in a crisis in the financial market and increasing competition between commercial banks. In this regard, the management of banks has a need to review the strategy for the implementation of activities and the tools by which the bank will seek to attract and retain its potential customers. Methods and techniques for managing bank marketing tools proposed by Western experts are somehow connected with the introduction of new methods for the bank's relationship with customers, most of which are based on the use of Internet technologies. An analysis of the experience of using banking marketing tools abroad will improve the competitiveness of Turkish banks in the global banking services market. Keywords: bank, service, marketing, consumer, tool
History of Irrigation in the Fergana Valley
Authors: Ugli Akhmedov Murodjon Inomjon
Published: April 2022

Annotation: This article highlights the rich history of irrigation and irrigation in the beautiful Fergana Valley in the snowcapped mountains, as well as interesting historical facts in its study. You can also learn about the findings and conclusions of the leading researchers of their time, as well as a brief description of the ancient irrigation structures. Keywords: Irrigation, Liman method, Panjaatan (fan-like) method, nevillerovka, sepoya, tanob, labgardon, wooden molds, evolution.
Design and Fabrication of Agricultural Sprayer
Authors: Pal Prashant Kumar S. , Pal Rahul R. , Prajapati Vikas D. , Pandey Yuvraj R. , Shaikh Sajid
Published: April 2022

Abstract: The spraying is traditionally done by labour carrying backpack type sprayer which requires more human effort. The weeding is the generally done with the help of Bulls becomes for small land farmers. Similarly the seed sowing application is also done with the help of bulls, which in the present age is time consuming and laborious. So to overcome these above problems a machine is developed which will be beneficial to the farmer for the spraying and weeding operation along with the seed sowing application. A multifunction device will come in handy that can be put to use in different stages of farming as per requirement.
Application of Dynamic Voltage Restorer for Sag and Swell in Voltage
Authors: Hiwarkar Dr. C. S. , Lahane Ashish S. , Chakole Radhika C. , Kumbhare Pallavi A.
Published: April 2022

Abstract: This paper figures out the problem of voltage sag and swell and overcome it. The most important aspect of electrical engineering is power quality in the current time. Power quality issues occur to the occurrence of substandard voltage, which may be current and frequency which may be damaged to power system equipment. One of the most important problems is voltage sag and swell. DVR is the device that can easily diminish those problems. DVR model compensates for the voltage sag and swells in an efficient and effective manner due to its lower cost, smaller size, and fast response of disturbance. This paper gives an introduction to the power quality problem and power electronics controllers for voltage sag and swells compensation. Then the operation of DVR is described. Keywords: DVR (Dynamic Voltage Restorer), Microcontroller, Triac, Voltage Sag, and Swell, Power Quality
Library Management System (LMS) Using JAVA
Authors: Shaw Bikash , Prajapati Pritam , Ghosh Akash , Sarkar Bibrata , Giri Hemant , Basak Surajit
Published: April 2022

Abstract: A Library Management System is a system that is used to maintain the records of the library. It contains work like the number of the available books, the number of books issued, the number of books to return or renew. It helps to maintain a database that is useful to enter new books and records of books borrowed by the members with the respective submission dates. It will reduce the manual work done by the librarian to maintain the record of the library. It allows maintaining the resources in a more operative manner that will help to save the time. It is also convenient for the librarian to manage the process of books allocation. It is useful for students as well as a librarian to keep the constant track of the availability of all books in a library. Keywords: Library, Java, Management, System
The Effectiveness of Using Kahoot! Application as An Evaluation Tool in Arabic Vocabulary Learning at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Fiani Irma Nur , Ahsanuddin Mohammad , Morhi Romyi
Published: April 2022

Kahoot application in learning can also help teachers to collect feedback from students, assess students’ learning understanding, and make surveys about problems that can be identified during learning. This research aimed to describe the effectiveness of using Kahoot! application as an evaluation tool in Arabic vocabulary learning for fifth-grade students at MI Al-Ma’arif 01 Margomulyo, Blitar. This research was qualitative with a One Group Pretest Posttest design – an experiment carried out in one group only without comparison. The samples of this research were the fifth-grade 25 students of MI Al-Ma'arif 01 Margomulyo Blitar. The results showed that the average evaluation score of the students after using Kahoot! application as a learning media increased by 75.2, much higher than before, it was 37.6. The use of Kahoot! application as an evaluation tool in Arabic vocabulary learning contributed 32% to the learning outcomes of the fifth-grade students at MI Al-Ma'arif 01 Margomulyo.
The Problem of Drug addiction in India: Its Consequences and Effective measures
Authors: Dua Jasleen
Published: April 2022

Drug Addiction is a very severe problem in the Indian region which is affecting all aspects of the society. It has received greater attention in recent times due to the proliferating magnitude of the problem and the changing trends in usage of drugs particularly in youth. Drugs have started breeding their own sub-culture, which has its own norms, values, behaviour and symbols. This problem deteriorates an individual’s health and happiness of an individual, the family, the community and the society. Today, there is no part of the world that is free from the curse of drug trafficking and drug addiction. Drug Addiction is not confined to a single person or region. Its number could be varied and found in any age, gender, ethnicity, social class or religion. As a matter of fact, the tentacles of drug addiction have spread world widely covering every country in the world. There are various factors like peer pressure, masses high aspirations, unemployment and changing societal order are continuously enhancing this particular menace. The present study therefore aims to study the distinctive consequences behind the problem of drug addiction which impacts the masses physically, psychologically, economically and socially. It also manifests some possible solutions that could be taken by family, community, friends and society to eradicate this problem.

Keywords: Drug Addiction, Drug Abuse, Drug Usage, Impacts of Drugs.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Single Oral Antidiabetic Drugs with Combination Antidiabetic Drugs in Lowering Blood Sugar in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at UKI General Hospital in 2014-2017
Authors: Lumbantobing Romauli , Kurniyanto ,
Published: April 2022

Diabetes Mellitus is a disease characterized by hyperglycemia or the glucose in the blood increased or beyond ordinary. The national prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia is 6,9%. Patients with Diabetes Mellitus can be given antidiabetic drugs such as sulfonylurea and glinid. The antidiabetic drug can be consumed as a combination or single. This study aims to determine whether there is a significant efficacy comparison between antidiabetic combination therapy and single antidiabetic therapy. This study is a retrospective casual research by looking at the medical record. From 30 patients, 15 patients using oral antidiabetic combination therapy and 15 patients using oral antidiabetic single therapy, there were mean differences on the first day where patients using oral antidiabetic single therapy mean 228,47 and patients using oral antidiabetic combination therapy mean 294,07. There is no significant difference between single antidiabetic therapy or antidiabetic combination therapy from the statistic test.

Keywords: Diabetes, Antidiabetic effectiveness
Nephroprotective Effect of Spermacoce hispida by reducing Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in Experimental Model
Authors: Sitafale Gopal , Jat Rakesh Kumar , Pathan Amjad Khan , Biyani Kailas
Published: April 2022

Present study was aimed to investigate the protective of Spermacoce hispida in Cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity using in vivo model. S. hispida was collected and extract of plant was prepared in different solvents and prepared extracts was used for phytochemical scrrening. Nephrotoxicity in rats was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of Cisplatin at a dose of 5 mg/kg. S. hispida extract in different solvent at the dose 100 mg/kg used to find protective activity. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, oxidative stress, a proinflammatory cytokine, NO, and histological alteration was measured to estimate the therapeutic ability of S. hispida. BUN, creatinine, and inflammatory cytokine levels in rats were increased by Cisplatin but decreased by S. hispida treatment for 14 days. Besides, S. hispida treatment decreased oxidative stress and nitric oxide in Cisplatin-treated rats. Cisplatin treated rats shows altered structure of kidney tissue; meanwhile S. hispida normalizes the structure of kidney tissue.  From this study, we conclude that S. hispida has nephroprotective activity by inhibiting the oxidative stress and NO production in rats from nephrotoxicity.

Keywords: Spermacoce hispida; Cisplatin; oxidative stress; Cytokine; Nitric oxide.
A Comprehensive Literature Review of Allergic Conjunctivitis
Authors: Cahyana Nugraha Wahyu
Published: April 2022

Allergic disease is a complex disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Allergic diseases are on the rise, affecting about 30% to 40% of the world's population. In addition to a decrease in quality of life, this disease can affect thesocial and economic. This study aims to determine the concept of allergic conjunctivitis and its current management. Results: Allergic conjunctivitis is an inflammatory response of the conjunctiva to allergens such as pollen, environmental antigens (eg dust), and animal dander. Conclusion: Allergic diseases can be managed strategically, both non-pharmacologically and pharmacologically. Pharmacological use is usually preferred when non-pharmacological methods prove ineffective or insufficient in reducing allergy symptoms. Topical therapy consists of combination drugs such as antihistamines and vasoconstrictors, or antihistamines with mast cell stabilizing properties. The first are vasoconstrictors that target eye redness and antihistamines that target allergy symptoms.

Keywords: Allergic Conjunctivitis, Concept, Drugs
Determination of α-Amylase Inhibitory potential of leaf extracts of Rhododendron arboreum Sm. and Rhododendron campanulatum D. Don
Authors: Prakash Ved
Published: April 2022

The biological activity of plant-derived substances/metabolites may be considered as a source of new anti-enzyme drugs. Therefore, traditional Indian plants i.e. Rhododendron arboreum and R. campanulatum which are commonly used as remedies to control different diseases were screened to discover possible plant-derived α-amylase inhibitors. In the present investigation, inhibitory effects of leaf extracts of Rhododendron arboreum and R. campanulatum were determined against porcine α-amylase at a concentration range of 0.2-1.0 mg/mL. R. arboreum displayed 51.10, 44.00 and 35.40% inhibition at a concentration of 1 mg/mL for methanol, acetone and aqueous leaf extracts respectively. On the other hand, R. campanulatum showed 21.15, 18.25 and 15.85% α-amylase inhibition for methanol, acetone and aqueous extracts respectively at 1 mg/mL. The inhibitory activity increased altogether with increasing concentration of each plant extract. The results further indicated that methanol extracts of medicinal plants exhibited maximum inhibitory effects than other solvent (acetone, methanol) extracts.

Keywords: Rhododendron arboreum, Rhododendron campanulatum, porcine α-Amylase, Leaf extracts, Inhibition
Pharmaceutical Process Validation: A Review
Authors: Karthick C , Kathiresan K
Published: April 2022

Pharmaceutical industries are in now their peak period. There is a need to ensure that pharmaceutical process validations are being done so well and results we obtain is reproducible. Results simply ensure product items consistency. These validations must be done in such a way that final product satisfies all of requirements, is very necessary in pharmaceutical field. Whatever will be the product or whatever will be the protocols, important prerequisite is Quality. Process validation signifies the values of analytical tools, analytical procedures, objective measures and it gives attention towards Knowledge, Detection and control on variabilities So as to assure quality throughout the life cycle of product. The object of this article is to explain the enormous utilities of process validation and their need, methods. This process validation assures the delivery of product just like predetermined. Without the process validation one cannot expect the precision in results.

Keywords: PV- Process validation, CV- Concurrent validation, RV- Retrospective validation
Prevalence of Amoebiasis and Estimation of Certain Cytokines (IL-17, IFN- γ and TNF- α) in Children with Amoebic Infection in Sulaimani Province / Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Hardi Sidiq , Ali Shahnaz Abdul Kader , Mohammed Latif Omer , Mohammed Maryam Salih
Published: April 2022

Objectives: We aimed to determine the prevalence of amoebic infection in Sulaymaniyah province and measuring of some immunological parameters among amoebic infected children.
Methods: The current study was carried out in the pediatric teaching hospital in Sulaymaniyah governorate from September to December 2021. A total of 560 stool samples were collected from diarrheal children for direct microscopical examination. Also, in a case-control study serum was taken from 80 infected children and 80 parasite-free children for estimation of IL-17, IFN- γ and TNF-α levels using the ELISA technique. Statistical analysis was performed by using the SPSS program, using Chi-square and ANOVA test. P ≤ 0.05 consider a significant difference.
Results: The total prevalence of amoebic infection was (16.1%), males recorded a higher infection rate was (17.7%), while the female was (14.3%), (p >0.05). The age group between (1-6) years had a significantly higher prevalence (21.5%), while those under than (1 year) old was recorded the lowest lower infection rate (7.54%), (p < 0.05). Prevalenc in rural (20.3%), in urban (13.8%), (p < 0.05). The patients who used general tap water for drinking recorded the highest rate of infection (19%).The highest prevalence documented in September (19.5%,) followed by October (16 %), then November (11.2%), without significant difference, (p > 0.05). The highest amoebic infection rate was recorded in those children whose mother was illiterate (19.8%). Serum levels of IL-17 were not significantly different between infected children and control groups, (P >0.05);however, IFN γ level was reported to be significantly different (P <0.05) While, TNF-α serum level recorded a highly significant difference, (P<0.001).
Conclusion: We concluded that the prevalence of amoebic infection was (16.1%) in Sulaymaniyah province among symptomatic children based on the microscopic diagnosis. The immunological assessment of IL-17 showed that there was no significant difference between infected and control individuals, while the rest of IFN- γ and TNF-α documented significant and highly significant differences respectively.
RELIABILITY AND SEX DIFFERENCES OF CHOICE VISUAL-MOTOR REACTION TIME AND FORCE CHARACTERISTICS OF NECK MUSCLES USING A NOVEL TEST
Authors: Nagai Takashi , Shilaty Nathan D , Chang Ryan W. , Keller Valerie , Stiennon Sean T , Wong Hanwen , Stuart Michael J , Krause David A
Published: April 2022

IntroductionSensorimotor characteristics such as visual-motor reaction time (VMRT), peak force, and rate of force development (RFD) of the neck muscles play an important role in sports-related concussions (SRC). The purpose of this study was to establish reliability and sex differences of neck-specific VMRT and force characteristics of neck muscles using a novel test.

MethodsThis is a two-part study. A total of 15 subjects and 49 subjects participated to examine test–retest reliability and sex differences in multidirectional choice VMRT and peak force and RFD values, respectively.

ResultsReliability was moderate for VMRT (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, ICC = 0.406–0.624) and moderate to excellent for peak force and RFD (ICC = 0.443–0.948). Females had significantly slower VMRT (P < 0.001–0.012), while no sex differences were found in peak force and RFD (P = 0.079–0.763).

DiscussionFuture investigations should incorporate these characteristics during baseline testing and examine if they can be identified as prospective risk factors of SRC.
Biodiversid’Arte: a experiência de oficinas dialógicas sobre os mamíferos brasileiros
Authors: Oliveira Jonathan Gonçalves , D'Andrea Paulo Sérgio , Silva-Gonçalves Antônio José da , Araujo-Jorge Tânia Cremonini , Trajano Valéria Silva
Published: April 2022

A fragmentação e descontextualização e a complexidade dos conteúdos escolares são fatores que podem dificultar a conexão e assimilação deles. A sua integração pelo estudante é um dos desafios do ensino de ciências. Assim criamos uma abordagem metodológica baseada em oficinas dialógicas, interativas de CienciArte, explorando a caricatura. As oficinas foram intituladas Biodiversid’Arte objetivando facilitar o processo ensino-aprendizagem de temas complexos como taxonomia e sistemática, de forma contextualizada. A oficina foi testada em quatro edições com docentes, profissionais de saúde e discentes de diferentes níveis de escolaridade. Utilizamos pequenos mamíferos taxidermizados da fauna local. Os resultados foram categorizados em nuvem de palavras e analisados segundo a técnica de conteúdo de Bardin. As oficinas possibilitaram a contextualização do conteúdo e a dinâmica criação do animal imaginário revelou a apreensão de conhecimentos complexos pelos participantes. As oficinas de Biodiversid’Arte podem ser exploradas para estudar animais de alta diversidade como insetos, pássaros entre outros.
Educação em Saúde no Rio de Janeiro: avanços ou retrocessos?
Authors: Malacarne José Augusto Dalmonte , Carvalho Pedro Henrique Melo de , Alexandria Daniella de Brito , Palma Alexandre , Rocha Marcelo Borges
Published: April 2022

Em uma perspectiva transdisciplinar, cada disciplina escolar pode proporcionar contribuições à saúde dos estudantes. Para tanto, é necessário que a formação de professores esteja em consonância com as demandas educacionais da saúde. A Educação Física, componente curricular pedagógico obrigatório, que se insere também na área da saúde, possui potencial nesse sentido. O objetivo deste artigo foi verificar o alinhamento entre os conteúdos referentes à saúde nos documentos orientadores da educação básica brasileira, delimitados à cidade do Rio de Janeiro, com os conteúdos das disciplinas dos cursos de licenciatura em Educação Física das Universidades Públicas do Rio de Janeiro que abordam a Educação em Saúde. Percebeu-se que as universidades lidam com o tema de modo insuficiente, sobretudo ao inseri-lo, majoritariamente, em disciplinas eletivas e de baixa carga horária. Percebe-se também que as atualizações nos documentos orientadores da educação básica brasileira caminham de forma deficitária ao tratar da saúde e suas conexões. Com isso, sugerem-se reformas curriculares da educação básica e universitárias que abordem a Educação em Saúde de modo efetivo, em especial, pautada no Sistema Único de Saúde, na Saúde Coletiva e na Promoção da Saúde.
Visibilidades
Authors: Landaeta Patricio , Jerrems Ari
Published: April 2022

El reciente movimiento social surgido en Chile en octubre de 2019 dio lugar a una serie de intervenciones poético-políticas en las calles de distintas ciudades del país, transformando a veces de manera efímera el ritmo de la ciudad y la vida de sus habitantes. El caso de la ciudad de Valparaíso, donde la represión policial fue una de las más terribles, concentra gran atención, debido a las múltiples intervenciones que se llevaron a cabo para pedir un cambio de vida en el país. En este artículo nos proponemos realizar una cartografía de estas intervenciones, analizando tres líneas de estas poéticas que configuraron un nuevo campo de posibles: las inscripciones en los muros de la ciudad; performances feministas; y nuevas consignas para una nueva vida colectiva.
Corrupción: una lectura entre el derecho y la moral
Authors: Bejarano Sanabria Henry Camilo , Jaimes-Suárez Diana Carolina
Published: April 2022

La corrupción suele ser una conducta sistemática y perniciosa en un amplio número de sociedades que, en algunos casos, es sancionada por la ley. Sin embargo, la legislación penal, por ejemplo, no es suficiente para que un sujeto en particular genere, mediante un discernimiento interno, acciones con contenido moral u orientadas a lo bueno y a lo justo. A este respecto, el presente artículo de reflexión señala cómo el derecho y la moral, elementos dialécticos y complementarios de la razón práctica, determinan principios y obligaciones que deben atender todos los sujetos para salvaguardar el bien de los individuos y, en definitiva, el de la sociedad.
Comparative phylogeography of two commensal rat species (Rattus tanezumi and R. norvegicus) in China: insights from mitochondiral DNA, microsatellite and RADseq
Authors: Huang Ling , JING MEIDONG , Chen Yingjie
Published: April 2022

To explore the phylogeography of Rattus tanezumi and Rattus norvegicus
in China, 486 individuals collected from 31 localities were initially
analyzed with mitochondrial DNA and 10 microsatellite loci. Then, 123
individuals from 18 localities were subjected to 2b-RAD analyses. There
were several major findings. Although R. norvegicus is widely
distributed in China, R. tanezumi is mainly distributed in southern
China, but is currently invading northward and has occupied many regions
of northern China. Development of shipping transportation in ancient
China had an important role in expansion of these two species; except
for westward and southward colonization by land, some individuals of R.
norvegicus reached the southeast coast of China by shipping
transportation and subsequently expanded to central China; R. tanezumi
immigrated to the southeast coast of China from Southeast Asia, and then
expanded to central and western China. Before large-scale expansion
associated with human transportation, changes in Ne of these species
were closely related to climate changes. However, after immigration of
R. tanezumi into China, interspecies’ competition may have had a great
role in their population sizes, as the R. norvegicus population declined
rapidly with the increase of Ne for R. tanezumi. Analyses with 2b-RAD
sequences did not support interspecies hybridization, although
microsatellite data indicated potential gene introgression. Our study
provided a valuable framework for further investigations on the
expansion of the two dominant rat species in China. Finally, results
also indicated that previous investigations on hybridization based
solely on microsatellite data should be verified with genomic SNP data.
Efficacy and Safety of Artesunate and Its Metabolite in Asthma: Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Zhang Jingyuan , Lin Jiangtao , Wan Jingxuan
Published: April 2022

Backgound: Asthma has brought great economic burdens to family and
community. Artesunate has shown certain effects on asthma
experimentally, but relevant mechanisms are not clear. Objective: This
study aims to systemically evaluate the efficacy and safety of
artesunate and its metabolite, dihydroartemisinin (DHA), in asthma,
based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods: We
evaluated the physicochemistry and ADMET properties of artesunate and
DHA by SwissADME and ADMETlab, identified targets of artesunate and DHA
from SwissTargetPrediction and PharmMapper, and acquired genes
participating in asthma from GeneCards and DisGeNET. Overlapping targets
and hub genes were identified with Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC)
algorithm in Cytoscape, cytoHubba. Enrichment analyses were performed to
analyze the potential mechanisms and target sites. Molecular docking was
utilized to investigate the receptor-ligand interactions on Autodock
Vina and visualized in PyMOL. Results: Artesunate and DHA showed
acceptable druglikeness and safety for clinical application. A total of
282 targets of compounds and 7,997 targets of asthma were identified.
172 overlapping targets were visualized in a compound-target and
protein-protein interaction network. Biofunction analysis showed the
clustering associations with biosynthesis and metabolism of and response
to steroid hormone, immune and inflammatory response, airway
hyperresponsiveness, airway remodeling and cell survival and death
regulation. CCND1, CASP3, MTOR, ERBB2, MAPK3, EGFR, MAP2K1, PTGS2, JAK2,
and CASP8 were identified as the hub targets. Molecular docking
indicated 10 stable receptor-ligand interactions, except for CASP3.
Conclusion: Artesunate has the potential to be a potent and safe
anti-asthmatic agent based on diverse therapeutic mechanisms and
acceptable safety.
Neuroprotective action of α-Klotho against LPS- activated glia conditioned medium in primary neuronal culture.
Authors: Nakao Vinicius , Mazucanti Caio , Lima Larissa de Sá , Mello Paloma de , Kinoshita Paula , Leite Jacqueline , Kawamoto Elisa , Scavone Cristoforo
Published: April 2022

The α-Klotho is an anti-aging protein that when overexpressed extends
the life span in humans and mice. It has an anti-inflammatory and
protective action on renal cells by inhibiting NF-κB activation and
production of inflammatory cytokines in response to TNF-α. Furthermore,
studies have shown the neuroprotective effect of α- α-Klotho against
neuroinflammation on different conditions, such as aging, animal models
of neurodegenerative diseases, and ischemic brain injury. This work
aimed to evaluate the effects of α- α-Klotho protein on primary glial
cell culture against the proinflammatory challenge with LPS and how this
could interfere in neuronal health. Cortical mixed glial cells and
purified astrocytes were pretreated with α- α-Klotho and stimulated with
LPS followed by TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ levels and NF-κB activity
analysis. Conditioned medium from cortical mixed glia culture treated
with LPS (glia conditioned medium (GCM) was used to induce neuronal
death of primary cortical neuronal culture and evaluate if GCM-KL
(GCM-KL: medium from glia culture pretreated with α- α-Klotho followed
by LPS stimulation) can reverse this effect. LPS treatment in glial
cells induced an increase in proinflammatory mediators such as TNF-α,
IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ, and activation of astrocyte NF-κB. GCM
treated-cortical neuronal culture induced a concentration-dependent
neuronal death. Pretreatment with α-Klotho decreased TNF-α and IL-6
production, revert NF-κB activation and blocked neuronal death induced
by GCM. These data suggest an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective
effect of α-Klotho protein in the CNS. This work demonstrated the
therapeutic potential of α-Klotho in pathological processes which
envolve a neuroinflammatory component.
Shallow shotgun sequencing of the microbiome recapitulates 16S amplicon results and provides functional insights
Authors: Stothart Mason , McLoughlin Philip , Poissant Jocelyn
Published: April 2022

Prevailing 16S rRNA gene-amplicon methods for characterizing the
bacterial microbiome are economical, but result in coarse taxonomic
classifications, are subject to primer and 16S copy number biases, and
do not allow for direct estimation of microbiome functional potential.
While deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing can overcome many of these
limitations, it is prohibitively expensive for large sample sets. We
evaluated the ability of shallow shotgun metagenomic sequencing to
characterize taxonomic and functional patterns in the fecal microbiome
of a model population of feral horses (Sable Island, Canada). Since
2007, this unmanaged population has been the subject of an
individual-based, long-term ecological study. Using deep shotgun
metagenomic sequencing, we determined the sequencing depth required to
accurately characterize the horse microbiome. In comparing conventional
versus high-throughput shotgun metagenomic library preparation
techniques, we validate the use of more cost-effective lab methods.
Finally, we characterize similarities between 16S amplicon and shallow
shotgun characterization of the microbiome, and demonstrate that the
latter recapitulates biological patterns first described in a published
amplicon dataset. Unlike amplicon data, we demonstrate how shallow
shotgun metagenomic data also provided useful insights about microbiome
functional potential which support previously hypothesized diet effects
in this study system.
Musikerne og klimakrisen
Authors: Vinge John , Røyseng Sigrid , Salvesen Guro Utne , Skrebergene Simen
Published: April 2022

A successful musician’s career has long been associated with extensive touring and travel. International activities have been a marker of success. Due to the growing focus on climate change, extensive travel has come under a new light. Drawing upon qualitative interviews with professional musicians, we investigate the way they think about how and to what extent climate issues affect their work. The informants recognize climate change as an urgent problem, and the majority express willingness to change behavior to contribute to a more sustainable profession. At the same time, this willingness is weighed against possible negative consequences such behavioral changes have on their own professional careers. In this chapter, we explore these conflicting impulses through the concept cultural dissonance. We conclude with a discussion of the extent to which and the ways in which climate values impact the music profession and what opportunities the concept of cultural dissonance offers to analyze this.
Musikkforlagets rolle i den digitale musikkbransjen
Authors: Hagen Anja Nylund
Published: April 2022

Music publishing has always been key in the music industries. The profession has changed over time, but the concept remains the same: to generate added value based on creative and administrative management of musical copyright. When music circulates in streaming services and online platforms, rightsholders are faced with complex copyright issues of a global character. At the same time, the value of copyrighted material and existing catalogues is expected to grow. The digital shift in music production and distribution, has therefore created new opportunities for the publishing sector, aligning the label of the music industry as a “copyright industry”. However, music publishing in Norway is poorly developed and little documented, which creates a good starting point for research. Based on 16 qualitative interviews with Norwegian music publishers and industry actors, this chapter offers insight into current publishing practices. In facilitating co-writing sessions and camps, a professional approach to songwriting as a craft is revealed. The key is to get songwriters together, as topliners, artists and producers, to write music in commercial and creative collaborations. These practices involve a specific understanding of “how to build songwriters” involving long-term perspectives, global networks and “accessing the right rooms”. Despite the fact that new actors are challenging the field, high levels of skill and autonomy are documented. The chapter addresses a continued need to strengthen the publishing sector in Norway so that, over time, it may have an impact on the development of already acknowledged songwriter and production environments, and the music industry understood as a “songwriting industry”.
Afectaciones en la gestión administrativa de las instituciones de educación superior por la covid-19
Authors: Becerra Bizarrón Manuel Ernesto
Published: April 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar un análisis de las afectaciones causadas por la covid-19 en la gestión administrativa de una institución de educación superior. Lo anterior desde la perspectiva del personal directivo. La metodología fue descriptiva y bibliográfica. Además, se llevó a cabo un diseño no experimental de tipo transversal. Como herramienta de recolección de datos, se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada a personas que cubrieran los criterios de inclusión, es decir, que desempeñaran un puesto de jefe de departamento, coordinación de un área funcional de la institución y además actividades de gestión. Los principales resultados encontrados fueron: incertidumbre, estancamiento de la información, trabajo demorado, reorganización y división del trabajo, interrupción y modificación de procesos.
Factors Associated with the Four-Visit ANC in Indonesia: A population-based study
Authors: Andriani Helen , Natasha Valencia , Rachmadani Salma Dhiya , Saptari Adila
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The number of maternal, neonatal and child mortality remains high in developing countries, including Indonesia. Antenatal care (ANC) coverage is an indicator of health-care use and access during pregnancy. Receiving at least four visits of ANC increases the chances of receiving appropriate maternal health interventions as one of the tracer indicators for universal health coverage in the Global Strategy for Women's, Children's, and Adolescents' Health Monitoring Framework (SDG indicator 3.8.1). The study aims to investigate the distribution and the factors associated with the four-visit ANC across urban and rural areas in Indonesia.
Methods: We used data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey, a large-scale nationally representative cross-sectional survey of women aged 15–49 years old (n=15,288). The use of ANC for the MNCH system is the dependent variable. The determinants are individual characteristics, family factors, and community factors.
Results: Age, parity, household income, and distance from health facilities are significant factors associated with the four-visit ANC, as the first step in achieving continuum of care for MNCH. Urban women who had been pregnant 1–2 times or 3–4 times were 6.475 (95% Confidence Interval (95%CI) = 4.750–9.306) and 3.109 (95% CI = 2.268–4.262) times more likely to have at least four ANC visits than those who had been pregnant five times or more.
Conclusion: Developing a health system, human resources, health facilities, and infrastructure are crucial for overcoming maternal and child health problems, especially in rural areas to make ANC universally affordable and accessible.
Senior Manager Perceptions of The Human Dimension of Health Services Management: Australia and Brazil
Authors: Martins Jo M , Isouard Godfrey , Malik Ana Maria , Freshman Brenda
Published: April 2022

Practice and research show the importance of the human dimension of health service management and related skills/competences. However, a review of curriculum content of postgraduate courses in Australia showed a lack of content in this area. It was in this context, an enquiry was undertaken to assess the perceptions of senior health service managers in Australia in this field. To provide a contrast with Australian perceptions, senior health service managers in Brazil were also asked for their understandings. Findings from this enquiry in the two countries show similar but some variance in nuance, possibly due to differences in culture and corporate environment. The result of the enquiry points to the importance given by these senior managers to skills/competences in this area, and perceptions of shortfalls, in contrast with the lack of importance given to postgraduate training in this field.
Control de un aerogenerador de eje horizontal basado en un generador de inducción doblemente alimentado: Suministro de potencia a la red eléctrica
Authors:   , Gómez González Oscar
Published: April 2022

In the present work, the problem of controlling a horizontal axis wind turbine based on a doubly fed induction generator is solved through two control schemes for the safe dispatch of active and reactive power to the electrical grid, as is typically done in the conventional electricity generation systems. To do this, a detailed analysis of the construction and operating aspects of this type of wind turbine was carried out. In particular, the interaction between the dynamics of the wind turbine and the dynamics of the electric generator is studied in terms of the impact of the variability of the wind speed in the process of generation and dispatch of power to the electrical grid. In a second step, an analysis of the wind turbine operation is carried out to determine different safe areas of operation when power is being dispatched to the electrical grid. Specifically, emphasis was placed on the safety of the electric generator and wind turbine windings in terms of heating limits and mechanical speed limit. For this, the operation of the wind turbine was evaluated under different operating conditions, where the impact of the gear ratio of the mechanical subsystem on the size of the previously determined safe zones was specified. Lastly, two control techniques were implemented for the wind turbine in the safe areas of operation determined under the problem of control of safe regulation of active and reactive power dispatched to the electrical grid. The first control scheme is a classical PI-type control strategy for the currents in the electric generator rotor and the second corresponds to a non-linear controller designed under the control technique known as passivity-based control. The main objective of this evaluation was to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each of these control strategies in terms of their implementation and their formal stability test.