bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety disorder in field hockey players of German first and lower leagues
Authors: Junge Astrid , Wellmann Kai , Zech Astrid
Published: June 2023

Background

While several studies on mental health of elite athletes were published in recent years, few compared the prevalence with the general population and none included field hockey players.

Aims

To analyze the prevalence of symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety disorder in field hockey players of different skill levels and to compare it to the general population.

Methods

Male and female hockey players from different leagues were asked to answer questions on player characteristics, the Centre of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7).

Results

One hundred and eighty‐seven players (incl. 54 first and 28 second league players) participated in the study (response rate 97.4%). More than a third (n = 64; 35.0%) reported to be affected by an injury/health complaint, but 157 (86.3%) were able to train and play without limitations. The CES‐D score indicated depression symptoms in more female (n = 15; 18.3%) than male (n = 5; 4.8%) players (χ2=8.8; p < 0.01). No male and one female player had symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. Players who played 60 or more matches in the previous 12 months had on average significantly higher depression (t = 2.3; p < 0.05) and generalized anxiety scores (t = 4.2; p < 0.001) than players who played fewer matches. The prevalence of depression and of generalized anxiety symptoms was similar to or lower than in the general population. Although 20 (10.7%) players had depression symptoms, only 4 (2.2%) received psychological counseling or psychotherapy.

Conclusion

It is recommended to provide routine screening of mental health problems and low‐threshold access to adequate treatment for elite athletes.
Disparagement humor permits unsafe COVID‐19 behaviors: A prejudiced norm perspective
Authors: Olah Andrew R. , Ford Thomas E. , Norman Kaitlyn
Published: June 2023

Extending prejudiced norm theory, we hypothesized that memes diminishing the severity of the COVID‐19 pandemic promote tolerance of unsafe pandemic behaviors (as in contrary to contemporary advice of public health agencies, i.e., not wearing a protective mask) by establishing a perceived norm of tolerance for such behaviors. In Spring 2021, members of several Reddit communities (n = 106) reported their perceived threat of COVID‐19 and then completed a roleplay exercise in which they imagined they were with a group of friends in a church setting. In this context, participants viewed memes shared among their friends that belittled COVID‐19 (COVID‐19 disparagement condition) or memes unrelated to COVID‐19 (control condition). Then, participants responded to a vignette describing a woman confronting an usher about a couple who violated protocol by not wearing masks. The results supported our hypothesis. First, participants in the COVID‐19 disparagement condition perceived a greater norm of tolerance of the mask protocol violation among others in the immediate context compared to those in the control condition. Second, for participants who viewed COVID‐19 as a low threat, that local norm resulted in greater personal tolerance of the mask protocol violation. However, for participants who view COVID‐19 as a high threat, the local norm had no impact on their personal tolerance.
Non‐seed plants are emerging gene sources for agriculture and insect control proteins
Authors: Simmons Carl R. , Herman Rod A.
Published: June 2023

The non‐seed plants (e.g., charophyte algae, bryophytes, and ferns) have multiple human uses, but their contributions to agriculture and research have lagged behind seed plants. While sharing broadly conserved biology with seed plants and the major crops, non‐seed plants sometimes possess alternative molecular and physiological adaptations. These adaptations may guide crop improvements. One such area is the presence of multiple classes of insecticidal proteins found in non‐seed plant genomes which are either absent or widely diverged in seed plants. There are documented uses of non‐seed plants, and ferns for example have been used in human diets. Among the occasional identifiable toxins or antinutritive components present in non‐seed plants, none include these insecticidal proteins. Apart from these discrete risk factors which can be addressed in the safety assessment, there should be no general safety concern about sourcing genes from non‐seed plant species.
New molecular targets in canine hemangiosarcoma—Comparative review and future of the precision medicine
Authors: Kapturska Karolina Małgorzata , Pawlak Aleksandra
Published: June 2023

Human angiosarcoma and canine hemangiosarcoma reveal similarities not only in their aggressive clinical behaviour, but especially in molecular landscape and genetic alterations involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis formation. Currently, no satisfying treatment that allows for achieving long overall survival or even prolonged time to progression does not exist. Due to the progress that has been made in targeted therapies and precision medicine the basis for a new treatment design is to uncover mutations and their functions as possible targets to provide tailored drugs for individual cases. Whole exome or genome sequencing studies and immunohistochemistry brought in the last few years important discoveries and identified the most common mutations with probably crucial role in this tumour development. Also, despite a lack of mutation in some of the culprit genes, the cancerogenesis cause may be buried in main cellular pathways connected with proteins encoded by those genes and involving, for example, pathological angiogenesis. The aim of this review is to highlight the most promising molecular targets for precision oncology treatment from the veterinary perspective aided by the principles of comparative science. Some of the drugs are only undergoing laboratory in vitro studies and others entered the clinic in the management of other cancer types in humans, but those used in dogs with promising responses have been mentioned as priorities.
Attenuated pulsatile transition to the cerebral vasculature during high‐intensity interval exercise in young healthy men
Authors: Sugawara Jun , Hashimoto Takeshi , Tsukamoto Hayato , Secher Niels H. , Ogoh Shigehiko
Published: June 2023

High‐intensity interval exercise (HIIE) is recommended because it provides favourable haemodynamic stimulation, but excessive haemodynamic fluctuations may be an adverse impact on the brain. We tested whether the cerebral vasculature is protected against systemic blood flow fluctuation during HIIE. Fourteen healthy men (age 24 ± 2 years) underwent four 4‐min exercises at 80–90% of maximal workload (Wmax) interspaced by 3‐min active rest at 50–60% Wmax. Transcranial Doppler measured middle cerebral artery blood velocity (CBV). Systemic haemodynamics (Modelflow) and aortic pressure (AoP, general transfer function) were estimated from an invasively recorded brachial arterial pressure waveform. Using transfer function analysis, gain and phase between AoP and CBV (0.39–10.0 Hz) were calculated. Stroke volume, aortic pulse pressure and pulsatile CBV increased during exercise (time effect: P < 0.0001 for all), but a time‐domain index of aortic–cerebral pulsatile transition (pulsatile CBV/pulsatile AoP) decreased throughout the exercise bouts (time effect: P < 0.0001). Furthermore, transfer function gain reduced, and phase increased throughout the exercise bouts (time effect: P < 0.0001 for both), suggesting the attenuation and delay of pulsatile transition. The cerebral vascular conductance index (mean CBV/mean arterial pressure; time effect: P = 0.296), an inverse index of cerebral vascular tone, did not change even though systemic vascular conductance increased during exercise (time effect: P < 0.0001). The arterial system to the cerebral vasculature may attenuate pulsatile transition during HIIE as a defence mechanism against pulsatile fluctuation for the cerebral vasculature.
Geoacoustic inversion using very-low-frequency modal interference characteristics
Authors: Piao Shengchun , Dong Yang , Wu Zhiqiang , Wang Xiaohan , Zheng Guangxue
Published: June 2023

This paper presents a modal-based geoacoustic inversion method adapted for a very-low-frequency leaky waveguide. It is applied to air gun data collected by a seismic streamer during the multi-channel seismic exploration experiment in the South Yellow Sea. The inversion is carried out by filtering the waterborne and bottom-trapped mode pairs from the received signal and comparing the modal interference features (waveguide invariant) to replica fields. The effective seabed models are inferred at two positions, and the two-way-travel time of basement interface reflected waves calculated using these models exhibit good agreement with geological exploration results.
Maximal Strength Training as a Pathway to Positive Body Image: A Qualitative Exploration of the Experiences of Female Powerlifters
Authors: Kelly Erin L. , Minehan Michelle , Pumpa Kate
Published: June 2023

This study considers the potential relationship between maximal strength training and positive body image by exploring the lived experiences of female powerlifters. Semistructured interviews were conducted with eight female powerlifters from Australia, and data were analyzed thematically. The study identified five themes related to positive body image and participation in maximal strength training: (a) appreciation of the functionality of the body, (b) embodiment, (c) rejection of societal body ideals and self-objectification, (d) self-compassion and body image flexibility, and (e) being surrounded by a body-positive community. These findings are consistent with existing literature on positive body image and participation in activities that promote embodiment. There is value in further investigation of maximal strength training as an intervention to develop positive body image in women.
Capturing conformational transitions of full-length PDK1 that dictate kinase substrate selectivity
Authors: Martínez-Arenas Laura , Bayascas Jose R.
Published: June 2023

PDK1 is a constitutively active master kinase that can phosphorylate and activate as many as 24 enzymes, all belonging to the AGC family of serine-threonine protein kinases. In this issue of
Science Signaling
, Sacerdoti
et al
. uncover how allosteric communication between different functional domains directs the selectivity of PDK1 toward particular subsets of substrates.
Genomic Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant
Klebsiella
in Qatar: Emergence and Dissemination of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 383 Strains
Authors: Tsui Clement Kin-Ming , Ben Abid Fatma , Al Ismail Khalil , McElheny Christi Lee , Al Maslamani Muna , Omrani Ali S. , Doi Yohei
Published: June 2023

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant, hypervirulent
Klebsiella pneumoniae
is a new threat to health care. We studied the molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
isolates in Qatar using whole-genome sequence data.
Combined Infection Control Interventions Protect Essential Food Workers from Occupational Exposures to SARS-CoV-2 in the Agricultural Environment
Authors: Cooper D. Kane , Sobolik Julia S. , Kovacevic Jovana , Rock Channah M. , Sajewski Elizabeth T. , Guest Jodie L. , Lopman Ben A. , Jaykus Lee-Ann , Leon Juan S.
Published: June 2023

This is the first study to estimate the daily risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection across a variety of indoor and outdoor environmental settings relevant to food workers (e.g., shared transportation [car or bus], enclosed produce processing facility and accompanying breakroom, outdoor produce harvesting field, shared housing facility) through a linked quantitative microbial risk assessment framework. Our model has demonstrated that the elevated daily SARS-CoV-2 infection risk experienced by indoor and outdoor produce workers can be reduced below 1% when vaccinations (optimal vaccine efficacy, 86 to 99%) are implemented with recommended infection control strategies (e.g., handwashing, surface disinfection, universal masking, physical distancing, and increased ventilation).
GB Virus B and Hepatitis C Virus, Distantly Related Hepaciviruses, Share an Entry Factor, Claudin-1
Authors: Toon Kamilla , Kalemera Mphatso D. , Palor Machaela , Rose Nicola J. , Takeuchi Yasuhiro , Grove Joe , Mattiuzzo Giada
Published: June 2023

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health burden; approximately 58 million individuals have chronic HCV infection and are at risk of developing cirrhosis and liver cancer. To achieve the World Health Organization’s target of eliminating hepatitis by 2030, new therapeutics and vaccines are needed.
Naturally occurring beneficial bacteria
Vibrio alginolyticus
X-2 protects seaweed from bleaching disease
Authors: Ma Mingyu , Zhuang Yingrui , Chang Lirong , Xiao Luyang , Lin Qin , Qiu Qiying , Chen Defu , Egan Suhelen , Wang Gaoge
Published: June 2023

Microbiome manipulation is gaining fresh attention as a way to mitigate diseases in aquaculture. The commercially farmed seaweed
Saccharina japonica
suffers from a bacterial-induced bleaching disease, which has major implications for the reliable supply of healthy sporelings. Here, we identify a beneficial bacterium,
Vibrio alginolyticus
X-2 that significantly reduces the risk of bleaching disease. By combining infection assays and multi-omic analyses, we provide evidence to suggest that the underlying protective mechanisms of
V. alginolyticus
X-2 involve maintaining epibacterial communities, increasing the gene expression of
S. japonica
related to immune and stress protection pathways, and stimulating betaine concentrations in
S. japonica
holobionts. Thus,
V. alginolyticus
X-2 can elicit a suite of microbial and host responses to mitigate the bleaching disease. Our study provides insights into disease control in farmed
S. japonica
through the application of beneficial bacteria.

IMPORTANCE

Beneficial bacteria can elicit a suite of microbial and host responses to enhance the resistance to bleaching disease.
Complete Coding Sequence of a Lineage AY.122 SARS-CoV-2 Virus Strain Detected in Kazakhstan
Authors: Usserbayev Bekbolat , Abduraimov Yergali , Kozhabergenov Nurlan , Melisbek Aibarys , Shirinbekov Meirzhan , Smagul Manar , Nusupbaуeva Gaukhar , Nakhanov Aziz , Burashev Yerbol
Published: June 2023

We describe the coding-complete genome sequence of a strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) obtained from a patient with symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), detected in the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to the Pangolin COVID-19 database, the studied strain, SARS-CoV-2/Human/KAZ/Delta-020/2021, belongs to lineage AY.122 and consists of 29,840 nucleotides.
Light-Shining-Through-Wall Cavity Setups for Probing Axion-Like Particles
Authors: Salnikov D. , Satunin P. , Fitkevich M. , Kirpichnikov D. V.
Published: June 2023

We discuss the aspects of axion-like-particles searches with Light-Shining-through-Wall experimental setups consisted of two radio-frequency cavities. We compare the efficiencies of four setups which involve the cavity pump modes and external magnetic fields. Additionally, we discuss the sensitivity dependence both on the relative position of two cylindrical cavities and on their radius-to-length ratio.
Breast cancer mortality in 500 000 women with early invasive breast cancer diagnosed in England, 1993-2015: population based observational cohort study
Authors: Taylor Carolyn , McGale Paul , Probert Jake , Broggio John , Charman Jackie , Darby Sarah C , Kerr Amanda J , Whelan Timothy , Cutter David J , Mannu Gurdeep , Dodwell David
Published: June 2023

Objectives

To describe long term breast cancer mortality among women with a diagnosis of breast cancer in the past and estimate absolute breast cancer mortality risks for groups of patients with a recent diagnosis.

Design

Population based observational cohort study.

Setting

Routinely collected data from the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service.

Participants

All 512 447 women registered with early invasive breast cancer (involving only breast and possibly axillary nodes) in England during January 1993 to December 2015, with follow-up to December 2020.

Main outcome measures

Annual breast cancer mortality rates and cumulative risks by time since diagnosis, calendar period of diagnosis, and nine characteristics of patients and tumours.

Results

For women with a diagnosis made within each of the calendar periods 1993-99, 2000-04, 2005-09, and 2010-15, the crude annual breast cancer mortality rate was highest during the five years after diagnosis and then declined. For any given time since diagnosis, crude annual breast cancer mortality rates and risks decreased with increasing calendar period. Crude five year breast cancer mortality risk was 14.4% (95% confidence interval 14.2% to 14.6%) for women with a diagnosis made during 1993-99 and 4.9% (4.8% to 5.0%) for women with a diagnosis made during 2010-15. Adjusted annual breast cancer mortality rates also decreased with increasing calendar period in nearly every patient group, by a factor of about three in oestrogen receptor positive disease and about two in oestrogen receptor negative disease. Considering just the women with a diagnosis made during 2010-15, cumulative five year breast cancer mortality risk varied substantially between women with different characteristics: it was <3% for 62.8% (96 085/153 006) of women but ≥20% for 4.6% (6962/153 006) of women.

Conclusions

These five year breast cancer mortality risks for patients with a recent diagnosis may be used to estimate breast cancer mortality risks for patients today. The prognosis for women with early invasive breast cancer has improved substantially since the 1990s. Most can expect to become long term cancer survivors, although for a few the risk remains appreciable.
Combination immunochemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Qiudong , Huang Shuang , Yang Kai
Published: June 2023

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination immunochemotherapy regimens for the treatment of recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC).

Design

Meta-analysis and systematic review.

Data sources

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane library and the Clinicaltrials.gov clinical trials registry were searched up to 14 March 2022.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies

We included randomised controlled trials that compared combination immunochemotherapy with conventional chemotherapy for R/M HNSCC. Primary outcomes of interest were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and adverse effects (AEs).

Data extraction and synthesis

Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. The HR and its 95% CI were used as the effect analysis statistic for survival analysis, while the OR and its 95% CI were used as the effect analysis statistic for dichotomous variables. These statistics were extracted by the reviewers and aggregated using a fixed-effects model to synthesise the data.

Results

A total of 1214 relevant papers were obtained after the initial search, and five papers that met the inclusion criteria were included; these studies included a total of 1856 patients with R/M HNSCC. Meta-analysis showed that the OS and PFS of patients with R/M HNSCC in the combination immunochemotherapy group were significantly longer than those in the conventional chemotherapy group (HR=0.84; 95% CI 0.76, 0.94; p=0.002; HR=0.67; 95% CI 0.61, 0.75; p<0.0001), and the ORR was significantly higher (OR=1.90; 95% CI 1.54, 2.34; p<0.00001). The analysis of AEs showed that there was no significant difference in the overall incidence rate of AEs between two groups (OR=0.80; 95% CI 0.18, 3.58; p=0.77), but the rate of grade III and IV AEs was significantly higher in patients in the combination immunochemotherapy group (OR=1.39; 95% CI 1.12, 1.73; p=0.003).

Conclusions

Combination immunochemotherapy prolonged OS and PFS in patients with R/M HNSCC and improved the ORR; while this approach did not increase the overall incidence of AEs in patients, it increased the rate of grade III and IV AEs.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022344166.
What follow-up interventions, programmes and pathways exist for minor stroke survivors after discharge from the acute setting? A scoping review
Authors: Crow Jennifer , Savage Matthew , Gardner Lisa , Hughes Catherine , Corbett Ceile , Wells Mary , Malhotra Paresh
Published: June 2023

Objective

To identify the breadth and range of follow-up interventions currently provided to people after minor stroke with a focus on the definitions used for minor stroke, intervention components, intervention theory and outcomes used. These findings will inform the development and feasibility testing of a pathway of care.

Design

Scoping review.

Search strategy

The final search was run in January 2022. Five databases were searched—EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, British Nursing Index and PsycINFO. Grey literature was also searched. Title and abstract screening and full-text reviews were conducted by two researchers and a third was involved when differences of opinion existed. A bespoke data extraction template was created, refined and then completed. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist was used to describe interventions.

Results

Twenty-five studies, using a range of research methodologies were included in the review. A range of definitions were used for minor stroke. Interventions focused largely on secondary prevention and management of increased risk of further stroke. Fewer focused on the management of hidden impairments experienced after minor stroke. Limited family involvement was reported and collaboration between secondary and primary care was seldom described. The intervention components, content, duration and delivery were varied as were the outcome measures used.

Conclusion

There is an increasing volume of research exploring how best to provide follow-up care to people after minor stroke. Personalised, holistic and theory-informed interdisciplinary follow-up is needed that balances education and support needs with adjustment to life after stroke.
Hepatitis C: recent advances and practical management
Authors: O' Kane Rebecca , Hathorn Emma
Published: June 2023

Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus (HCV) remain leading causes of disability and premature death worldwide. In May 2016, the UK, as a member of the World Health Assembly, adopted the Global Health Sector Strategy and its targets to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030. In pursuit of this goal, there have been a number of recent advances in viral hepatitis care. Perhaps most notable is the availability of short courses of all-oral curative direct acting antivirals for hepatitis C. However, while access to treatment has been scaled up across the UK, an estimated 93 000 people were still living with HCV at the end of 2021 of which three-quarters remained unaware of their infection.

This review article will summarise key advances in hepatitis C treatment and prevention and provide a practical approach to the management of individuals living with hepatitis C infection.
Mechanical activation of vagal afferents involves opposing cation and TREK1 currents and NO regulation
Authors: Park Sung Jin , Zides Carter G. , Beyak Michael J.
Published: June 2023

Vagal afferents convey signals of mechanical stimulation in the gut to the brain, which is essential for the regulation of food intake. However, ion channels sensing mechanical stimuli are not fully understood. This study aimed to examine the ionic currents activated by mechanical stimulation and a possible neuro-modulatory role of nitric oxide on vagal afferents. Nodose neuronal currents and potentials, and intestinal afferent firing by mechanical stimulation were measured by whole-cell patch clamp, and in vitro afferent recording, respectively. Osmotically activated cation and two-pore domain K+ currents were identified in nodose neurons. The membrane potential displayed a biphasic change under hypotonic stimulation. Cation channel-mediated depolarization was followed by a hyperpolarization mediated by K+ channels. The latter was inhibited by l-methionine (TREK1 channel inhibitor) and l-NNA (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor). Correspondingly, mechanical stimulation activated opposing cation and TREK1 currents. NOS inhibition decreased TREK1 currents and potentiated jejunal afferent nerve firing induced by mechanical stimuli. This study suggested a novel activation mechanism of ion channels underlying adaptation under mechanical distension in vagal afferent neurons. The guts’ ability to perceive mechanical stimuli is vital in determining how it responds to food intake. The mechanosensation through ion channels could initiate and control gut function.
Wormhole formation in massive gravity: an analytic description
Authors: Dutta Ayanendu , Roy Dhritimalya , Pullisseri Nihal Jalal , Chakraborty Subenoy
Published: June 2023

The present study analyses the wormhole solution both in the dRGT-f(R, T) massive gravity and Einstein massive gravity. In both the models, the anisotropic pressure solution in ultrastatic wormhole geometry gives rise to the shape function that involves massive gravity parameters $$ \gamma $$
γ
and $$ \Lambda $$
Λ
. However, the terms consisting of $$ \gamma $$
γ
and $$ \Lambda $$
Λ
acts in such a way that the spacetime loses asymptotic flatness. Similar to the black hole solution in massive gravity, this inconsistency arises due to the repulsive effect of gravity which can be represented by the photon deflection angle that goes negative after a certain radial distance. It is investigated that the repulsive effect induced in the massive gravitons push the spacetime geometry so strongly that the asymptotic flatness is effected. On the other hand, in this model, one can have a wormhole with ordinary matter at the throat that satisfies all the energy conditions while the negative energy density is sourced by massive gravitons. Finally, using the TOV equation, it is found that the model is stable under the hydrostatic equilibrium condition.
A possible Norian–Rhaetian boundary in the high-latitude continental Junggar Basin indicated by the δ
13
C
org
record
Authors: Fang Yanan , Olsen Paul E. , Zhao Xiangdong , Zheng Daran , Zhang Haichun
Published: June 2023

In contrast to the Triassic–Jurassic boundary, there is no consensus on the definition and age of the Norian–Rhaetian boundary (NRB), which hampers the global correlation of Rhaetian strata and thus interpretation of the patterns and driving mechanism of the end-Triassic mass extinction. Recent works show that a significant negative carbon isotope excursion (N-CIE) occurs in the NRB interval (
c.
205.7 Ma), which probably provides a physical marker for the NRB. However, no such records have so far been reported from high-latitude continental deposits. Here we present high-resolution bulk organic carbon isotope data from the Upper Triassic continuous lacustrine-to-fluvial deposits in the Haojiagou section of the high-latitude continental Junggar Basin in northwestern China. A significant N-CIE is shown at an age of
c.
205 Ma, which is most probably the expression of the NRB N-CIE in the Junggar Basin owing to their very close occurrence times. The NRB is thus probably along the N-CIE in the Haojiagou section, and a short Rhaetian stage is then supported. The Late Triassic climate in the high-latitude Junggar Basin was consistent with the global changes in climate, characterized by a long-sustained cooler and humid climate interrupted by the late Norian and latest Rhaetian warm events.
Synthesis, Spectral, and Magnetic Studies of Yb-Doped CoFe2O4
Authors: Sharada G. , Thirupathi G. , Shwetha G. , Kumar N. Pavan , Sowjanya P. , Sreenivasu D.
Published: June 2023

Rare Earth modification effects the crystal structure and magnetic behavior in ferrites because of the role of unpaired valence electrons of f-orbital. In this work, the Co-ferrite was modified by substituting Yb3+ at Fe3+ ions to report the structural and magnetic correlations. The rare earth-doped cobalt ferrites of the compositions CoFe2-xYbxO4 (x = 0 to 0.02) were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method. The structural studies were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also by Raman, and Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques. The optical and magnetic properties are studied by UV-visible spectroscopy and magnetic isotherm loops at 300 K respectively. The x = 0.005 substitution is observed to have distinct properties compared to other compositions. There is a vast change in band gap as well as magnetization for x = 0.005. Further, the x = 0.01, 0.015, and 0.02 samples seem to have similar behavior but there is considerable variation compared to pure Co-ferrite. The small additions of rare-earth elements may create high anisotropy to appear the large change in the structural and magnetic properties.
A Time Delay Prediction Model of 5G Users Based on the BiLSTM Neural Network Optimized by APSO-SD
Authors: Dang Xiaozheng , He Di , Xie Cong
Published: June 2023

To address the problems of 5G network planning and optimization, a 5G user time delay prediction model based on the BiLSTM neural network optimized by APSO-SD is proposed. First, a channel generative model based on the ray-tracing model and the statistical channel model is constructed to obtain a large amount of time delay data, and a 5G user ray data feature model based on three-dimensional stereo mapping is proposed for input feature extraction. Then, an adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm based on a search perturbation mechanism and differential enhancement strategy (APSO-SD) is proposed for the parameters’ optimization of BiLSTM neural networks. Finally, the APSO-SD-BiLSTM model is proposed to predict the time delay of 5G users. The experimental results show that the APSO-SD has a better convergence performance and optimization performance in benchmark function optimization compared with the other PSO algorithms, and the APSO-SD-BiLSTM model has better user time delay prediction accuracy in different scenarios.
Synthesis and Properties of a Dendrimer Amphiphilic Polymer as Enhanced Oil Recovery Chemical
Authors: Qin Xiaoping , Zhu Sheng , Shi Qionglin , Li Cuixia
Published: June 2023

A dendrimer amphiphilic polymer (A-D-HPAM) was synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization of acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AM), 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (AMPS), hydrophobic monomer of cetyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride (DMCAAC-16), and skeleton monomer of GA1.0, using ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite as initiators. The chemical structure of A-D-HPAM was, respectively, analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The tackifying property, the resistance of shear, temperature and salt, the interfacial tension, and the oil displacement performance of A-D-HPAM were determined. Compared with solutions of HPAM (hydrolyzed polyacrylamide) and HPAM-SDBS (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate), A-D-PAM exhibits the optimal properties, especially achieving the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) of 15.1%.
Epigallocatechin Gallate Ameliorates Nicotine Withdrawal Conditions-Induced Somatic and Affective Behavior Changes in Mice and Its Molecular Mechanism
Authors: Rahmadi Mahardian , Nurhan Ahmad D. , Rahmawati Retno I. A. , Damayanti Theresia F. , Purwanto Djoko A. , Khotib Junaidi
Published: June 2023

In nicotine withdrawal (NW) conditions, molecular changes, such as increasing corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in the amygdala, and melanocortin signaling in the hypothalamus, can occur in the brain, leading to increased feeding behavior and body weight as somatic changes as well as high anxiety-like behavior as an affective changes. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the largest component in green tea, on CRF, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), and melanocortin four receptor gene expression in the brain under NW conditions. The 24 Balb/c male mice used were randomly divided into four groups. The doses used included normal saline 1.0 mL/kg as a control group, and nicotine 3.35 mg/kg that was administered subcutaneously three times a day. After NW conditions, EGCG 50 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally two times a day. Behavior evaluation was performed to measure somatic and affective changes, and the animal was sacrificed for molecular analysis. The results showed that NW conditions significantly increased food intake, body weight, and anxiety-like behavior compared with the normal group. Meanwhile, EGCG significantly decreased food intake, body weight, and anxiety-like behavior compared with NW conditions in mice without EGCG. The polymerase chain reaction results also showed that EGCG decreased the CRF mRNA expression in the amygdala and increased the POMC. This indicated that EGCG improved somatic and affective behavior in NW conditions by decreasing CRF mRNA expression in the amygdala and increasing POMC mRNA expression in the hypothalamus.
A Case Report and Literature Review of Bilateral Cervical Chondrocutaneous Branchial Remnants
Authors: He Yuehua , Zhu Huiling , Ji Hang , Huang Weining , Liu Zhongrong
Published: June 2023

Chondrocutaneous branchial remnants (CCBRs) are rare congenital heterotopic tissue formations originating from the first or second embryonic branchial arches. Clinically, CCBRs are characterized predominantly by unilateral and solitary cartilaginous nodules found on the lower neck region. Herein, we present a case of CCBRs in a 9-year-old male patient who presented with horn-shaped projecting masses on either side of the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The pathological report following surgical resection revealed that the lesion was located in the dermis and consisted primarily of hyaline cartilage tissue enclosed by a fibrous capsule, with few local vascular proliferations. Based on the clinical and pathological features, the patient was ultimately diagnosed with congenital bilateral cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants.
Circadian Regulator-Mediated Molecular Subtypes Depict the Features of Tumor Microenvironment and Indicate Prognosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Aye Ling , Wang Zhanying , Chen Fanghua , Xiong Yujun , Zhou Jiaying , Wu Feizhen , Hu Li , Wang Dehui
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Circadian rhythm is involved in multiple biological activities and implicated in cancer development. However, the role of circadian rhythm in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has not been fully interpreted yet. Herein, the present study set out to explore the significance of circadian regulator genes (CRGs) in HNSCC. Materials and Methods. The molecular landscape and clinical significance of 13 CRGs in HNSCC were explored based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The biological functions of PER3, a key CRG, were validated by cellular experiments. The correlation of CRGs with microenvironment, pathway activities, and prognosis was determined by bioinformatic algorithms. A novel circadian score was introduced to evaluate the circadian modification pattern of each patient and further validated in an independent cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Results. CRGs presented high heterogeneity in HNSCC at both genomic and transcriptomic levels. Specifically, PER3 indicated a better prognosis and inhibited HNSCC cell proliferation. Moreover, HNSCC tissues displayed three circadian regulator patterns with distinct clinical outcomes, transcriptomic characteristics, and microenvironment features. Circadian score was an independent risk factor and exhibited excellent predictive efficiency in both the training cohort from the TCGA database and the validation cohort from the GEO database. Conclusions. CRGs played an indispensable role in HNSCC development. An in-depth exploration of circadian rhythm would improve the understanding of HNSCC carcinogenesis and confer novel insights for future clinical practices.
Data from Proteostasis Modulation in Germline Missense von Hippel Lindau Disease
Authors: Chittiboina Prashant , Mandal Debjani , Bugarini Alejandro , Asuzu David T. , Mullaney Dustin , Mastorakos Panagiotis , Stoica Stefan , Alvarez Reinier , Scott Gretchen , Maric Dragan , Elkahloun Abdel , Zhuang Zhengping , Chew Emily Y. , Yang Chunzhang , Linehan Marston , Lonser Russell R.
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurpose:
Missense mutated von Hippel Lindau (VHL) protein (pVHL) maintains intrinsic function but undergoes proteasomal degradation and tumor initiation and/or progression in VHL disease. Vorinostat can rescue missense mutated pVHL and arrest tumor growth in preclinical models. We asked whether short-term oral vorinostat could rescue pVHL in central nervous system hemangioblastomas in patients with germline missense VHL.
Patients and Methods:
We administered oral vorinostat to 7 subjects (ages 46.0 ± 14.5 years) and then removed symptomatic hemangioblastomas surgically (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02108002).
Results:
Vorinostat was tolerated without serious adverse events by all patients. pVHL expression was elevated in neoplastic stromal cells compared with untreated hemangioblastomas from same patients. We found transcriptional suppression of downstream hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) effectors. Mechanistically, vorinostat prevented Hsp90 recruitment to mutated pVHL in vitro. The effects of vorinostat on the Hsp90–pVHL interaction, pVHL rescue, and transcriptional repression of downstream HIF effectors was independent of the location of the missense mutation on the VHL locus. We confirmed a neoplastic stromal cell–specific effect in suppression of protumorigenic pathways with single-nucleus transcriptomic profiling.
Conclusions:
We found that oral vorinostat treatment in patients with germline missense VHL mutations has a potent biologic effect that warrants further clinical study. These results provide biologic evidence to support the use of proteostasis modulation for the treatment of syndromic solid tumors involving protein misfolding. Proteostasis modulation with vorinostat rescues missense mutated VHL protein. Further clinical trials are needed to demonstrate tumor growth arrest.
Endobronchial Presentation of Hodgkin Lymphoma Responding to Pembrolizumab: A Case Report
Authors: Gentilini Marianna , Casadei Beatrice , Morigi Alice , Lolli Ginevra , Ferrari Marco , Carella Matteo , Argnani Lisa , Zinzani Pier Luigi
Published: June 2023

An endobronchial localization of Hodgkin lymphoma is rare, and few experiences since the 1900s have been reported in the literature. Here we report the first case of a relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma with a critical vegetative mass at the level of the trachea successfully treated with pembrolizumab.
Diagnosis and Treatment Strategy of Nasogenic Olfactory Dysfunction
Authors: Li Dan , Feng Wen-da , Chen Teng-yu , Fang Cai-shan , Lin Man-qing , Wang Rui-zhi , Zhu Jin-xiang , He Xue-Cheng , Zhang Jia-Jun , Liu Qin-dong , Xu WeiZhen , Wang Shun-lan , Li Chun-qiao , Zhou Yi-xing , Ruan Yan , Zhou Min
Published: June 2023

Since the global outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a symptom of the onset of SARS-CoV-2, olfactory dysfunction (OD), has attracted tremendous attention. OD is not only a negative factor for quality of life but also an independent hazard and early biomarker for various diseases, such as Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases. Therefore, early identification and treatment of OD in patients are critical. Many etiological factors are responsible for OD based on current opinions. Sniffin’Sticks are recommended to identify the initial position (central or peripheral) for OD when treating patients clinically. It is worth emphasizing that the olfactory region in nasal cavity is recognized as the primary and critical olfactory receptor. Many nasal diseases, such as those with traumatic, obstructive and inflammatory causes, can lead to OD. The key question is no refined diagnosis or treatment strategy for nasogenic OD currently. This study summarizes the differences in medical history, symptoms, auxiliary examination, treatment and prognosis of different types of nasogenic OD by analyzing the current studies. We propose using olfactory training after 4–6 weeks of initial treatment for nasogenic OD patients with no significant improvement in olfaction. We hope that our research can provide valuable clinical guidance by systematically summarizing the clinical characteristics of nasogenic OD.
The Effect of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Kidney Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zheng Changjian , Yang Hongmei , Yang Lin , Luo Jun , Xiong Bo
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of transversus abdominal (TAP) block for postoperative analgesia after renal transplantation. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database for relevant studies. The related trials that met the inclusion criteria were analysed using RevMan 5.4 software. Results: We found 15 randomized controlled trials and two retrospective studies that, on meta-analysis, showed that TAP block group had significantly lower requirement of opioid consumption (MD −11.89, 95% CI −17.13∼−6.65) at 24 h for pain mitigation and pain intensity VAS at rest at 6h (MD −1.13, 95% CI −1.76∼−0.49), 12 h (MD −0.83, 95% CI −1.30∼−0.36) and 24 h (MD −0.47, 95% CI −0.75∼−0.20). Also, postoperative nausea and vomiting were not statistically significant (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.78∼1.27). Conclusion: TAP block appears to significantly reduce renal transplantation pain and the amount of opioid use on the first postoperative day after renal transplantation.
Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Some Protection Aspects of 10 Latin American and Caribbean Countries
Authors: Gil Jesus D.C. , Aguiar Pedro Manuel Vargues
Published: June 2023

Background: Latin America has registered cases in children under 14 years of age, which seem few compared to older age groups but are relevant since the child and youth population have been indirectly receiving the most decisive impact of the pandemic. Ensuring the most significant protection for this age group is essential. Methods: This is an ecological study of 10 Latin American and the Caribbean countries to study protecting children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the information from UNICEF, a coverage analysis was done, and a new variable score was proposed. Also, a multiple linear regression model was tailored to evaluate the relationship between confirmed cases by 100k of COVID-19 (0–14 year population) and the performance of the countries and some key indicators. Results: A strong and statistically significant correlation (r = 0.79; p value 0.005) between the increased coverage of child helplines and a greater number of school closures. Relationship of confirmed cases by COVID-19 and stringency index with a coef B = −2163.6, [CI −3122.1; −1205.1]; p value = 0.010. Cases and healthcare access with a coef B = −17459.7, [CI −25630.1; −9289.5]. Conclusions: Experts say other pandemics will come, and this emergency must be turned into an opportunity. It is vital to strengthen protection programs for the population, especially vulnerable people, such as children and young people. Resumo
Neue Definition des Postenukleationssyndroms
Authors: Bertelmann Eckart
Published: June 2023

Background: The last definition of the post-enucleation socket syndrome (PESS) by Tyers and Collin – formulated almost 40 years ago in 1982 – is predominantly based on the clinical characteristics and does not include the insights of newer studies into the pathophysiological mechanism of the PESS. Methods: A systematic PubMed literature review regarding the pathophysiological mechanism of the PESS was performed, and results were comprised to give an overview of the current knowledge of the PESS including the exact pathophysiological mechanism. Results: The primarily postulated pathophysiological mechanism of the PESS was the atrophy of orbital tissues, especially of fat, resulting in variable clinical findings. Newer studies using high-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging or performing histopathological analyses found no orbital fat atrophy but rather a rotatory displacement of the orbital tissues from superior to posterior and from posterior to inferior together with the retraction of the extraocular muscles and a possible volume loss of the orbital implant by resorption if it is manufactured from hydroxyapatite. PESS results in a backward tilt of the superior fornix, a deep superior sulcus, a pseudo-ptosis, a lower eyelid elongation and laxity, a shallower inferior fornix, as well as enophthalmos and may lead to an inability of wearing ocular prostheses. Conclusions: A novel and comprehensive definition of the PESS is proposed: PESS is a multifactorial and variable syndrome caused by a rotatory displacement of orbital contents together with the retraction of the extraocular muscles and possible resorption of the orbital implant if it is manufactured from hydroxyapatite.
Idiopathische choroidale Neovaskularisation in der Schwangerschaft: ein Fallbericht
Authors: Monis Mohammad Daniyal , Ali Sanja M. , Bhutto Israr A. , Mahar Pir S.
Published: June 2023

Die choroidale Neovaskularisation (CNV) ist ein abnormes Gefäßwachstum vom choroidalen Gefäßsystem bis zur neurosensorischen Retina durch die Bruch’sche Membran und wird in der Regel mit einer «feuchten» altersbedingten Makuladegeneration (AMD) assoziiert. Andere Ursachen sind Myopien, traumatische Rupturen der Aderhaut, multifokale Chorioiditis und Histoplasmose. Die CNV ist eine der Hauptursachen für Sehverlust. Ihre Behandlung zielt darauf ab, den Fortschritt der Erkrankung zu stoppen und das Sehvermögen zu stabilisieren. Die intravitreale Injektion von Wirkstoffen gegen den vaskulären endothelialen Wachstumsfaktor (intravitreale Anti-VEGF-Injektion) ist die Behandlungsmethode der Wahl bei CNV, unabhängig von der Ätiologie. Der Einsatz dieser Methode in der Schwangerschaft ist aufgrund seines Wirkmechanismus und des Mangels an Sicherheitsnachweisen während der Schwangerschaft umstritten. In dieser Arbeit berichten wir von einer 27-jährigen Schwangeren, die seit 2 Wochen über verschwommenes Sehen und verminderte Sehkraft in ihrem linken Auge klagte. Bei der Untersuchung betrug ihr Sehvermögen ohne Hilfsmittel im rechten Auge 6/6 und im linken Auge 6/18 partiell ohne weitere Besserung. Basierend auf der Anamnese und der Untersuchung wurde sie mit einer idiopathischen CNV während der Schwangerschaft diagnostiziert, was weltweit erst der sechste gemeldete Fall war. Aufgrund der möglichen Nebenwirkungen auf den Fötus erklärte sich die Patientin trotz umfassender Beratung nicht mit einer Behandlung einverstanden. Ihr wurde zu regelmäßigen Nachuntersuchungen sowie zu einer sofortigen intravitrealen Anti-VEGF-Injektion nach der Geburt geraten. Um ein breiteres Verständnis für die Behandlungsprotokolle und -ergebnisse von intravitrealen Anti-VEGF-Injektionen in der Schwangerschaft zu erhalten, wurde eine Literaturrecherche durchgeführt. Dies half uns, ein Verständnis für die mögliche relative Sicherheit einer solchen Behandlung zu erhalten, wenn diese im Zuge eines multidisziplinären Ansatzes individuell angepasst wird.