bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deskripsi Penyalahgunaan Narkoba dan Merokok pada Siswa SMA dan SMK di Kota Purwokerto Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Mulyaningrat Wahyudi , Girindra Swasti Keksi
Published: April 2022

The background of this research: at present, the phenomenon of drug abuse in Indonesia is very alarming. The spread of illegal drugs penetrated various regions. Smoking is the gateway for drug entry in adolescents. This study aims to determine how the description of drug abuse and smoking among adolescents, namely in high school and vocational students in Purwokerto, Banyumas Regency. Research use survey methods and analyzed by descriptive statistics. The results of this study are in the category of knowledge about smoking there are 56 students (53.8%) are moderate and 48 students (46.2%) good. In the category of knowledge about drugs, there is 1 student (1.0%) poor, 24 students (23.1%) moderate, and 79 students (76.0%) good. The results in the attitude about the smoking category were 33 students (31.7%) poor, 52 students (50.0%) moderate, and 19 students (18.3%) good. In the category of attitude about drug abuse, there are 29 students (27.9%) bad, 49 students (47.1%) moderate, and 26 students (25.0%) good. These results indicate that the description of knowledge and attitudes towards drug abuse and smoking among high school and vocational students still needs handling seriously.
Sacrificers’ Preferences on Selection and Procurement of Sacrificial Animals for Eid al-Adha Celebration
Authors: Ibrahim Alek , Budisatria I Gede Suparta , Artama Wayan Tunas , Widayanti Rini , Atmoko Bayu Andri
Published: April 2022

Eid al-Adha is one of the biggest religious celebrations in Indonesia. This study was conducted to determine the profile and activities of sacrificers (shohibul qurban) in selecting and procuring sacrificial animals for the Eid al-Adha celebration. This study was conducted by in-depth interviews with a total of 54 sacrificers in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, during the Eid al-Adha celebration in 2019. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis (number and percentage). This study indicated that most sacrificers were classified as productive age (45.35 years), high school graduates (46.30%), and self-employed workers (50.00%) with an income of IDR 3,357,896 per month. The sacrificial animals were cattle, sheep, and goats with an average body weight of 253.75 kg, 27.80 kg, and 32.80 kg, and the prices of IDR 20,939,962; IDR 2,906,250; and IDR 2,420,000, respectively. The sacrificial animals were mainly purchased from the livestock seller or intermediary seller (38.89%). There were livestock-price differences in the different marketplaces (44.44%) and between Eid al-Adha and the daily period (61.11%). This study concluded that the cattle preferred animal types for group sacrifices, and the sheep had preferred animal types for individual sacrifice. Cattle are usually sacrificed with a joint purchase between sacrificers. Each reason for selecting and procuring the sacrificial animal types was influenced by different motivations, such as financial, animal handling, and local wisdom factors.
Factors That Affect The Posttraumatic Growth of Flash-Flood Survivors in Indonesia
Authors: Warsini Sri , Cahyani Hanif Eka , Assyifa Hanin
Published: April 2022

Disasters not only bring bad impacts and cause problems to the victims, but they can also bring a positive impact, i.e., posttraumatic growth (PTG), that appears after the disaster. Investigating the posttraumatic growth of disaster survivors is important as it helps to identify the needs of survivors and develop intervention programs. Currently, there is no research in Indonesia about the PTG of flash flood disaster victims. This study aims to determine the posttraumatic growth of flash flood disaster victims in Indonesia. This was an analytical correlation analysis study which observed 95 flood victims in Magelang and employed the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Expanded (PTGI-X) instrument. The data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney, Pearson, independent t-test, and multiple linear regression tests. The average PTG of flood victims was 72.31 ± 15.91. The male disaster victims with high PTSD scores, with high school and university education levels, had a higher level of PTG. This model described that the factors investigated in this study had a 23.2% contribution to PTG.The factors that influence the PTG of flood victims were PTSD, gender, educational level, and severity of disasters.
Factors That Influence The Prevention Behavior of The Covid-19 Transmission in School-Age Children
Authors: Astuti Dyah Dwi , Handayani Tri Widyastuti , Astuti Duwi Pudji , Mandawati Murti
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a physical and psychological impact on school-age children. Parents also have the challenge of shaping the behavior of school-age children regarding the prevention of COVID-19 transmission. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the behavior of school-age children in preventing the transmission of COVID-19. This is a cross-sectional study with a random sampling technique and distributed a questionnaire survey to parents who have school-age children that are 6-12 years old, and the total was 474 people. The questionnaire assesses school-age children's behavior by applying the Health Belief Model theory. Multiple logistic regression tests found that parental age, parental education level, parental knowledge, and residence had a significant influence on the prevention of COVID-19 transmission in school-age children (P-value < 0.05). Four variables having a chance in good prevention of COVID-19 transmission at school-age children, there were elderly parents had a 5.6-time (95% CI OR 2.8-11.5), parents with higher education had 2.9 times (95% CI OR 1.9:4,3), parents with good knowledge had 2.6-time (95% CI OR 1.7-4.1), urban areas also had 1.86-time (95% CI OR 1.18-2.95). Parental age, parental level education, parental knowledge, and residence have a significant influence on the prevention of COVID-19 transmission behavior in school-age children.
Immunometabolism: new perspectives for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Netrebenko O.K. , Shumilov P.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

A close connection between the immune system and metabolism has been identified in many experimental and clinical studies. The cells of the immune system have the highest energy requirements due to active proliferation, while they have no depot of energy storage and plastics and depend on their ingestion from outside. The phenotype and functional activity of immune cells directly depend on the type of their energy supply. Overnutrition or malnutrition, deficiency of certain micronutrients, and intestinal metabolic activity significantly affect immune cell function. Modulation of basic metabolic and signaling pathways has a considerable impact on the proliferation, differentiation, and functional activity of T cells. Metabolic targeted therapy for immune cells is a promising type of treatment for immune-mediated and cancer diseases. Key words: immunometabolism, metabolism, T cells, inflammation, cancer, treatment
Differential choice of standard infant formula: how to minimize the risk of artificial feeding
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sorvacheva T.N. , Safronova A.N. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Current trends in the optimization of formulas for infant feeding in the first year of life are presented. The relevance of this area stems from the influence of alimentary factor during this period on the realization of children’s genetic potential in the short and long term. In this respect, natural feeding is optimal for children’s health. At the same time, the question of choosing a milk formula for artificial feeding requires a differential approach from practitioners. Due to the appearance of the wide range of infant formulas in recent years, the features of the development and optimization of formulas based on cow’s and goat’s milk are presented by comparison. Characteristics of goat’s milk, that are largely determined by its variation and genotype, are shown, which is realized in the creation of formulas based on the most studied New Zealand goat’s milk and is confirmed in experimental and clinical studies. Special attention should be paid to the quality, composition of raw materials and processing techniques, which are able to preserve biologically active compounds and minimize the formation of glycation reactions. Key words: feeding, infants, feeding formulas
Glucose-galactose malabsorption: pathogenesis, diagnosis, diet therapy
Authors:   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Roslavtseva E.A. , Varichkina M.A. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bushueva T.V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.P.Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kazakova К.А. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Skvortsova V.A. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation,   M.F.Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Borovik T.E. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Fisenko A.P. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Congenital glucose-galactose malabsorption is an orphan autosomal recessive life-threatening disease resulting from a selective defect in the intestinal glucose and galactose/sodium co-transport system in the brush border membrane of the enterocyte. In glucose-galactose malabsorption, glucose, galactose, as well as di- and polysaccharides: starch, dextrins, maltose, sucrose, lactose cannot be absorbed. The disease manifests itself in the neonatal period in the form of severe watery osmotic diarrhea, leading to rapid dehydration and metabolic acidosis. The only treatment is diet therapy with the exclusion of all carbohydrates except fructose. In infants with glucose-galactose malabsorption, diet therapy using specialized formulas with fructose as a carbohydrate component is vital. Subsequently, such infants need the introduction of low-carbohydrate complementary foods with primarily fructose content. The article presents a clinical example of the disease course and its successful dietary correction in an infant using a specialized formula and a specific diet. Key words: congenital diarrheal disorders, glucose-galactose malabsorption, infants, diet therapy, specialized milk formula based on fructose
Influencing Factors and Improvement Strategies for Rural Teachers’ Subjective Well-being: A Contemporary Analysis
Authors: Shuai BaLi
Published: April 2022

Teacher well-being is not only an endogenous source of motivation to promote teachers’ professional development, but also an important goal to be pursued by teachers, and a major factor determining the quality of rural education. Based on the existing literature, this paper distils the influencing factors of rural teachers’ subjective well-being and explores the interaction mechanism among them, from strengthening the balancing role of the government, playing the supporting role of the society, enhancing the strengthening role of the school, and calling for the strengthening role of the school. We propose rationalized suggestions in terms of strengthening the balancing role of the government, bringing into play the supporting role of society, enhancing the strengthening role of schools, and awakening the dynamic role of rural teachers themselves.
Implementation of Baltimore City’s COVID-19 Isolation Hotel
Authors: Rosecrans Amanda M. , Moen Marik A. , Harris Robert E. , Rice Molly S. , Augustin Vanessa S. , Stracker Norberth H. , Burns Kevin D. , Rives Sarah T. , Tran Katherine M. , Callahan Charles W. , Dzirasa Letitia K.
Published: April 2022

In May 2020, Baltimore City, Maryland, implemented the Lord Baltimore Triage, Respite, and Isolation Center (LBTC), a multiagency COVID-19 isolation and quarantine site tailored for people experiencing homelessness. In the first year, 2020 individuals were served, 78% completed isolation at LBTC, and 6% were transferred to a hospital. Successful isolation can mitigate outbreaks in shelters and residential recovery programs, and planning for sustainable isolation services integrated within these settings is critical as the COVID-19 pandemic continues. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(6):876–880. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306778 )
Linking Electronic Health Records to the American Community Survey: Feasibility and Process
Authors: Udalova Victoria , Carey Timothy S. , Chelminski Paul Roman , Dalzell Lucinda , Knoepp Patricia , Motro Joanna , Entwisle Barbara
Published: April 2022

Objectives. To assess linkages of patient data from a health care system in the southeastern United States to microdata from the American Community Survey (ACS) with the goal of better understanding health disparities and social determinants of health in the population.

Methods. Once a data use agreement was in place, a stratified random sample of approximately 200 000 was drawn of patients aged 25 to 74 years with at least 2 visits between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019. Information from the sampled electronic health records (EHRs) was transferred securely to the Census Bureau, put through the Census Person Identification Validation System to assign Protected Identification Keys (PIKs) as unique identifiers wherever possible. EHRs with PIKs assigned were then linked to 2001–2017 ACS records with a PIK.

Results. PIKs were assigned to 94% of the sampled patients. Of patients with PIKs, 15.5% matched to persons sampled in the ACS.

Conclusions. Linking data from EHRs to ACS records is feasible and, with adjustments for differential coverage, will advance understanding of social determinants and enhance the ability of integrated delivery systems to reflect and affect the health of the populations served. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(6):923–930. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306783 )
Organizational and Functional Reassignment of a Scientific Plague Control Institution of the Rospotrebnadzor under Conditions of Coronavirus Infection Pandemic
Authors: Noskov A. K. , Kruglikov V. D. , Chemisova O. S. , Gaevskaya N. E. , Kovalev E. V. , Karpushchenko G. V. , Lopatin A. A. , Ivanova S. M. , Tikhonov S. N.
Published: April 2022

The aim of the work was to summarize the experience of the Rostov-on-Don Research Anti-Plague Institute in the organizational and functional response aimed at ensuring the implementation of a complex of on-going and scheduled anti-epidemic (preventive) measures at different territorial levels in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Stage-wise reassignment of scientific and operational subdivisions of the facility was carried out in a timely manner in a flexible mode for a prompt response to the challenges that arose from community transmission of the new coronavirus infection in the territory of the Russian Federation. It allowed an effective distribution of the forces and assets without damage for specialized functioning in the main areas of scientific and practical activities. Realized was an effective interdepartmental interaction with territorial scientific and practical institutions of the Rospotrebnadzor and specialized medical organizations. Practical, methodological and advisory assistance was provided to personnel of specialized medical institutions within the framework of conversing in-patient facilities into hospitals for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. Priority research to study the level of the humoral and cellular immune response to SARS-CoV-2 among the population of the Rostov Region, the etiological spectrum of the causative agents of community-acquired pneumonia associated with COVID-19, full genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 isolates was carried out. Specialists of the task forces reinforced human resources of individual laboratory facilities in Moscow city, the Republic of Crimea and the Rostov Region. Complex objective of effective functioning has been implemented: in an operational mode – participation in anti-epidemic (preventive) measures in the face of changes in the dynamics and intensity of the epidemic manifestations of new coronavirus infection; in scheduled mode – the implementation of activities in the main areas of the scientific work of the organization.
Prevalence of Different Types of Integrative Conjugative Element SXT/R391 Encoding Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Among Clinical Strains of Cholera Agent
Authors: Rybal’chenko D. A. , Shchelkanova E. Yu. , Lozovsky Yu. V. , Fedorov A. V. , Smirnova N. I.
Published: April 2022

The aim of the work was to study the prevalence of different types of SXT element with different composition of antibiotic resistance genes among clinical strains of the El Tor cholera pathogen isolated in Russia, Ukraine and cholera-endemic countries in Asia and Africa.

Materials and methods. The subject of the study was 27 strains and nucleotide sequences of 77 strains of Vibrio cholerae El Tor available from the NCBI GenBank. The structure of the SXT element and its type were determined using the Mauve and BLAST v.2.9.0 programs. Phylogenetic relations of strains with different types of SXT were identified using Snippy v.4.6.0 and MrBayes v.3.2.7 software. Assessment of strain sensitivity to antibiotics was carried out in accordance with Methodological Regulations 4.2.2495-09.

Results and discussion. Two types of SXT element (ICEVchInd5 and ICEVchBan9) have been identified among the studied strains from Russia and Ukraine, which have different composition of antibiotic resistance genes: floR, strAB, sul2, dfrA1 and floR, tetAR, strAB, sul2, dfrA1, respectively. At the same time, the studied strains from Asia and Africa contain five types of SXT: ICEVchInd5, ICEVchBan9, ICEVchBan5, SXTTET, ICEVchInd5ΔVRIII, which differ in size and/or composition of resistance genes. Of these, the last three have not been found in Russia and Ukraine. Due to the high level of genomic diversity of SXT in the population of V. cholerae in endemic regions, there is a risk of importation of cholera pathogen strains with altered resistance to antibiotics into Russia. Phylogenetic relations of 76 strains with different SXT types and different alleles of the ctxB gene encoding the B subunit of cholera toxin have been assessed based on SNP analysis. A close phylogenetic relation between strains with the same type of SXT isolated in Russia and Asian countries has been demonstrated, which confirms the importation of the causative agent of cholera with multiple resistance to antibiotics from this region and the need for constant monitoring of the sensitivity of V. cholerae to antimicrobial drugs.
Epidemiological Situation on Tick-Borne Viral Encephalitis in the Russian Federation in 2011–2021 and Short-Term Forecast of its Development
Authors: Nikitin A. Ya. , Andaev E. I. , Tolmacheva M. I. , Ayugin N. I. , Yatsmenko E. V. , Matveeva V. A. , Turanov A. O. , Balakhonov S. V.
Published: April 2022

The aimof the work was to analyze the epidemiological situation on tick-borne viral encephalitis in the endemic territories of the Russian Federation in 2021 in comparison with the dynamics over 2011–2020 and its shortterm forecast for 2022. In Russia, 48 constituent entities belonging to seven federal districts are endemic for tick-borne viral encephalitis (TBVE). There is a statistically significant downward trend in the incidence of TBVE in the Siberian Federal District (which is characterized by the maximum incidence rate in the country), the Volga and Far Eastern Federal Districts. In the Ural Federal District (the second in terms of TBVE incidence), the decline in the incidence has stalled since 2021. The average long-term incidence of TBVE in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation varies from sporadic (Republic of Crimea)  up to 12.5 per 100 thousand of the population (0/0000) (Krasnoyarsk Territory). In 2021, TBVE cases were detected in 42 endemic regions and in one non-endemic region – Stavropol Territory. At the same time, 1015 cases of TBVE were in the country (0.690/0000). In all Federal Districts, the incidence of TBVE is below the long-term average values. Using the Quantum GIS program, the incidence of TBVE in 917 administrative territories of the country has been ranked and grouped according to the level of epidemiological risk. This made it possible to establish that 65 % of the territories form a zone of low epidemiological risk. High and very high epidemiological risk is observed in 13% of the analyzed districts. The structure of TBVE clinical manifestations in 2021 was dominated by febrile (59.7 %) and meningeal (24.3 %) forms. 14 lethal outcomes were reported. In 2021, 2 889 515 people were vaccinated (including 1 433 850 children), of which 14 fell ill. Specific immunoglobulin was used to prevent the overt development of infection in 100 704 individuals, which accounts for 22.6 % of the persons affected by tick bites (30.6 % among children). Acaricidic treatments were carried out on an operational area of 233 125 hectares of territories of socially significant objects. The scope of all TBVE prevention measures in 2021 increased as compared to 2020. In 2022, a decline in the incidence of TBVE in endemic Federal Districts and in the country on the whole is forecasted to (0,64±0,192)0/0000.
Comercio electrónico transfronterizo y desempeño del comercio exterior de alimentos de los principales mercados mundiales periodo 2010-2019
Authors:   , Canchari Mendoza Aida
Published: April 2022

La presente investigación surge con respecto a realidad problemática presentada debido al crecimiento del Comercio Electrónico Transfronterizo en los principales mercados mundiales siendo estos países del hemisferio norte, esto gracias a sus grandes plataformas globales de comercio electrónico; a diferencia de ello, en países del hemisferio sur como el Perú no se aprecia el mismo caso. Por consiguiente, se investiga el crecimiento de tales países, tomando a los mercados más emblemáticos como China, EE. UU. y un bloque de la Unión Europea; así también, su relación con el comercio exterior de alimentos (frutas frescas) para cada país, a fin de determinar si el crecimiento del CET impulsa el desarrollo de su comercio exterior de alimentos. Las pruebas realizadas confirman que si existe relación del CET y el desempeño del comercio exterior de alimentos de los principales mercados mundiales. Por medio de la investigación, se busca generar concientización y aplicar ello como ejemplo al sector privado como estrategia de internacionalización y a instituciones públicas a fin de aplicar políticas gubernamentales; el cual, brinde apoyo y motivación a las empresas peruanas para promover la comercialización de productos al extranjero por medio de las plataformas globales como Amazon y Tmall Global.
Efecto pigmalión y motivación académica en estudiantes de arquitectura de una universidad privada de Lima
Authors:   , Vizarreta Donayre Julio
Published: April 2022

En el ámbito educativo, las expectativas de los docentes juegan un rol importante, debido a que las personas tienden a realizar con mayor frecuencia lo que se espera de ellos; este fenómeno se conoce como efecto Pigmalión y explica cómo las expectativas se materializan y que, asociado o no a variables como la motivación académica, podrían influir en el rendimiento académico del alumno. Por ello, la presente investigación plantea determinar la relación entre el efecto Pigmalión y la motivación académica como posible predictor del rendimiento en estudiantes de arquitectura de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú. Este estudio es de tipo cuantitativo, no experimental, correlacional, de nivel descriptivo y corte transversal, en el que participaron 108 alumnos. Por su parte, se elaboró el Test del Efecto Pigmalión (TEPau), que relacionaba mayor puntaje con efecto Pigmalión positivo y menor con efecto Pigmalión negativo, además, se aplicó la Escala de Motivación Académica (EMA); ambos instrumentos con propiedades psicométricas aceptables (α=0.961; α=0.881). Los resultados evidenciaron una correlación directa y significativa entre las variables, lo cual alude a que un efecto Pigmalión positivo se relaciona con educandos más motivados, lo que podría reflejarse en el incremento de su rendimiento académico.
Estudio del estrés oxidativo en espermatozoides criopreservados de alpaca con diferentes concentraciones de plasma seminal
Authors:   , Jimenez Carpio Jhoana Stefani
Published: April 2022

Objetivo. Evaluar el estrés oxidativo en el espermatozoide de alpaca criopreservado con diferentes concentraciones de plasma seminal. Materiales y métodos. Se emplearon 29 epidídimos de alpaca obtenidos post mortem. Los espermatozoides epididimarios fueron recuperados en un dilutor a base de leche descremada, yema de huevo, fructosa y dimetilacetamina. A continuación, se procedió a separar las muestras en cuatro alícuotas las cuales se mezclaron con plasma seminal (v/v) en una concentración de 0%, 10%, 25% y 50%, respectivamente; luego se evaluó la motilidad, para posteriormente congelarlas. Al descongelamiento se evaluó motilidad, potencial de membrana mitocondrial, viabilidad espermática, peroxidación de lípidos y apoptosis celular mediante citometría de flujo con imágenes. Resultados. Los espermatozoides expuestos a 50% de plasma seminal mostraron la motilidad post descongelamiento más baja (3.5% ± 3.7) y el porcentaje de células apoptóticas más alto (71.43% ± 20.6). En todas las demás variables, no se hallaron diferencias estadísticas significativas (p≤0.05). Conclusiones. Se obtienen mejores resultados en los parámetros seminales post descongelamiento agregando plasma seminal en una concentración entre 0 y 25%.
CTMC Analyzing NAFLD Progression (Small Model)
Authors: Attia Iman M.
Published: April 2022

In this article, I tackle the problem of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) from the statistical point of view. Using the multistate model, in the form of the continuous time Markov chains, helps the statistical analysis of the progression of the disease over time. The simplest model of the health-disease-death process is applied to the NAFLD. The model is composed of 8 pdfs and 5 rates that need to be estimated. Maximum likelihood and quasi-Newton methods are applied to estimate the transition rates among states. Exponentiation of this estimated rate matrix yields the transition probability matrix. This transition probability matrix can also be estimated from solving the forward Kolmogorov differential equations. Testing time homogeneity of this CTMC that model the disease process is also discussed by the author. This can be achieved by finding an empirical probability matrix that equates the exponentiation of the transition rate matrix, which is thoroughly investigated in the chapter. Also the embedding problem that may arise when trying to find the transition rate matrix from the transition probability matrix of the corresponding discrete time model is clarified. Testing Markovian property of the chain is also presented. Some remarks are also highlighted as regard the state probability distribution and the stationary probability distribution.
Niche shifts, low haplotype diversity and invasion potentials of invasive snail Lissachatina fulica (Gastropoda: Achatinidae)
Authors: Ananthram Aravind Neelavar , H.N. Poorna Bhat , Mahapatra Biswa Bhusana
Published: April 2022

Invasive alien species are one of the greatest threats to biodiversity, ecosystems, human economy and human health. Future climate change may result in niche expansion, contraction or range shift leading to changes in their geographic distribution. The Giant African snail, Lissachatina fulica, is one of the 100 worst invaders. This study uses a species distribution modelling approach to assess current and future potential global distribution for this pest species under two climate change scenarios (SSP2 and SSP5). We tested the niche conservatism hypothesis for this pest species by comparing native niche versus invaded niche. We also quantified niche overlap and niche dynamics such as expansion, stable and unfilling between the native and introduced ranges using PCA-env. Our results show that potentially suitable niches in the present and future climate change scenarios increase significantly. The results suggest that Bio 13 and Annual Mean Temperature (Bio1) are the two most important drivers in determining the potential distribution of this invasive species. Furthermore, we found evidence for niche shifts due to niche expansion across the continents, thus occurring in climatically distinct regions. Finally, the study identified the areas of high invasibility which help in managing this invasive species. This study has implications for understanding the range dynamics of L. fulica across continents despite having low mitochondrial haplotype diversity in the invaded regions.
Uptake of the recently introduced vaccines among children aged 12–23 months in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of the 2019 Ethiopia mini Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Gessese Getachew T. , Woldeamanuel Berhanu Teshome , Demie Takele Gezahegn , Handebo Simegnew , Biratu Tolesa Diriba
Published: April 2022

Background: Vaccine-preventable diseases still claim 1.5 million lives annually because of poor immunization coverage, which could be avoided if global vaccination coverage improves. Though vaccination coverage in Ethiopia has shown steady progress over the years, there are districts within the country that are below the set target for vaccination coverage. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the magnitude and determinants of the uptake of recently introduced vaccines among children aged 12–23 months in Ethiopia.Methods: The data analysis was performed using the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey. Considering the hierarchical nature of the data, a multilevel logistic regression analysis was employed, and the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported to declare significant determinants. The results were considered statistically significant if p-value < 0.05. The intra-class correlation coefficient, median odds ratio, proportional change in Variance, and deviance (-2LL) were used for model comparison and for checking model fitness.Results: A total of 2833 mothers with children of age 12-23 months were included in the analysis. Our analysis revealed that 45.7%, 53.4%, and 43.5% of the children completed vaccination for Pneumococcal Conjugate vaccine (PCV), Rotavirus vaccine (RV), and both PCV and RV respectively. Being in the age group of 20-34 (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.37, 3.02) and 35-49 (AOR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.52, 3.91), having at least 4 antenatal care contacts (AOR = 2.73, 95% CI: 2.06, 3.62), having postnatal care (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI:1.42, 2.37), delivery in the health facility (AOR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.79), and having exposure to media (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI:1.09, 1.56), and any of the wealth quintile categories higher than poorest category were positively associated with uptake of newly introduced vaccines Rural residency, on the other hand, was found to be negatively related with the uptake of newly introduced vaccines.Conclusion: The overall full uptakes of newly introduced vaccines among children 12-23 months were significantly lower. Hence, this study emphasizes the need to strengthen maternal and child health clinic services particularly, to the younger age mother and those with lower socio-economic status.
Microneedle, a one-plane bevel-tipped fabrication by 3D printing process.
Authors: Villota Isabella , Calvo Paulo C. , Campo Oscar I. , Rico Faruk Fonthal
Published: April 2022

This article presents the microneedles analysis where the design parameters studied were length, inner and outer diameter range. The ANSYS software was used to analyze the mechanical behavior of the microneedles. Following this, the range of inner and outer diameters were completed by mechanical simulations, getting from 30 μm to 134 μm, as the inner diameter range and 208 μm to 250 μm as the outer diameter range. With these ranges, a mathematical model was made using fourth-order polynomial regression, with a correlation of 0,9993. This mathematical model generalizes the relationship of the inner diameter to the outer diameter within the ranges, ensuring a safety factor of four, where Von Misses forces of the microneedle are around 17.931 MPa. In addition, the microneedle concept was made by 3D printing using a biocompatible resin of class 1. The features presented by the microneedle designed in this work make it a promising option to be implemented in a transdermal drug delivery device.
Experimental climate change impacts on Baltic coastal wetland plant communities
Authors: Bergamo Thaísa F. , Ward Raymond D. , Joyce Christopher B. , Villoslada Miguel , Sepp Kalev
Published: April 2022

Coastal wetlands provide a range of important ecosystem services, yet they are under threat from a range of stressors including climate change. This is predominantly as a result of alterations to the hydroregime and associated edaphic factors. We used a three year mesocosm experiment to assess changes in coastal plant community composition for three plant communities in response to altered water level and salinity scenarios. Species richness and abundance were calculated by year and abundance was plotted using rank abundance curves. The permutational multivariate analysis of variance with Bray-Curtis dissimilarity was used to examine differences among treatments in plant community composition. A principal coordinate analysis was used to visualize the responses of communities to treatments by year. Results showed that all three plant communities responded differently to altered water levels and salinity. Species richness and abundance increased significantly in an Open Pioneer while Lower and Upper Shore plant communities showed less change. Species abundances changed in all plant communities with shifts in species composition significantly influenced by temporal and treatment. The observed responses to experimentally altered conditions highlight the need for conservation of these important ecosystems in the face of predicted climate change.
Cuspal deflection and marginal microleakage following the application of bulk-fill and conventional composite resins
Authors: kasraei shahin , ebrahimizadeh hosna , sanjari khashayar
Published: April 2022

Objectives
This study compared the cuspal deflection and marginal microleakage following the application of bulk-fill and conventional composite resins.
Materials and Methods
70 sound premolars with MOD preparation were randomized into 5 groups (n = 14). In three groups, the cavities were restored with Tetric Ceram N, X-tra fil, and Opus bulk-fill composite resins. In the remaining two groups, the cavities were restored with P60 conventional composite with 2 mm (incremental technique) and 4 mm (bulk-fill technique) increments. Cuspal deflection was measured by a digital micrometer. After aging, marginal microleakage was assessed. Data were analyzed by repeated measures one-way and two-way ANOVA, and Tukey, Bonferroni, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Friedman, Wilcoxon signed rank, and t tests.
Results
Cuspal deflection of bulk-fill composite groups was lower than that of conventional composite applied incrementally (P < 0.05), but it was not significantly different among the bulk-fill composite groups (P = 0.16). The microleakage scores was not significantly different among the bulk-fill composites, or between the bulk-fill and conventional incremental composite group (P > 0.05). Microleakage at the cervical cementum margin of proximal box was significantly higher than that at the cervical and occlusal enamel margins of proximal box (P = 0.001).
Conclusion
the cuspal deflection in bulk-fill composite restoration was lower than that in the conventional composite in incremental technique but marginal microleakage of bulk-fill and conventional composite resin restorations were comparable.
Perceptions of COVID-19 threat in Uganda and its impact on household welfare: Evidence from the High-Frequency Phone Survey on COVID-19
Authors: James Mukoki , Faustino Byanyima , Bosco Oryema John
Published: April 2022

The novel coronavirus that emerged around late 2019 from the central province of Hubei in China in the city of Wuhan has greatly affected people who live around the world on a scale unreported before. The pandemic has affected millions of people and thousands have died ever since its discovery. Worse still besides the direct impacts of the disease such as cumulative infection and deaths reported around the world, the indirect effects such as strict containment measures of partial and full economic lockdowns have disrupted global supply chains, led to the loss of jobs due to massive layoffs and loss in government revenues (Mukiza, 2020). Despite impressive efforts towards the production of a vaccine with some being in approval stages, total control measures of COVID-19 in developing countries such as Uganda are still in their infancy phases and most likely may be unachievable. Therefore, this study aimed at examining the predictors of people’s perceptions of COVID-19 in Uganda, using the first phase of the Uganda, High-Frequency Phone Survey (UHPS, 2020).
Effects of gestational haloperidol exposure on mRNA expressions related to glutamine and GABA receptors in offspring
Authors: Iga Jun-ichi , Kumon Hiroshi , Yoshino Yuta , Funahashi Yu , Ochi Shinichiro , Ueno Shu-ichi
Published: April 2022

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of intraperitoneal haloperidol (HAL) injection to pregnant mice on glutamine and GABA receptors in the brain of offspring mice. Method: Eight-week-old pregnant mice were treated with either intraperitoneal HAL or normal saline injection, and their offspring were defined as F1 mice. In addition, eight-week-old male mice were used as acute mice that were intraperitoneally injected with HAL or normal saline for 20 days. F1 and acute mice were sacrificed by decapitation, and their hippocampi, frontal lobes, and temporal lobes were collected. RNA was isolated, and mRNA expression levels were measured by RT-qPCR. Western blotting was performed using the frontal lobes of F1 mice.Results: In the hippocampi of F1 mice, Grik3 (p = 0.023) and Gabra3 (p = 0.004) mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in the HAL group than in the control group, whereas Gria2 (p < 0.001) and Grin2a (p < 0.001) mRNA expression levels were significantly lower in the HAL group than in the control group. Gria2 (p = 0.015), Grik3 (p = 0.037), and Grin2a (p = 0.012) mRNA expression levels were significantly lower in the HAL group than in the control group in the frontal lobes of F1 mice. In the hippocampi of acute mice, Grik3 (p = 0.049) and Gabra3 (p = 0.007) mRNA expressions were significantly increased in the HAL group.Conclusions: The present results may explain the effects of fetal exposure to antipsychotics on neurodevelopmental modifications and teratogenicity.
Large deformations of hyperelastic curved beams based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation
Authors: Li Liang , Wang Yaolun , Guo Yongbin , Zhang Dingguo
Published: April 2022

Compared with traditional linear elastic materials, the soft structure composed of incompressible hyperelastic materials has not only geometrical nonlinearity but also material nonlinearity during deformation. In this paper, the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) is used to study the large deformations and large overall motions of incompressible hyperelastic curved beams. A novel large deformation dynamic modeling method for curved beams made of hyperelastic materials is proposed, in which a simplified Neo-Hookean model is combined with the one-dimensional ANCF beam element. The elastic force vector is calculated according to the exact expression of curvature. The dynamic equations are derived by using the virtual work principle. The dynamic responses of a cantilever silica gel beam under gravity are calculated based on the present method and compared with those of the improved low-order beam element (ILOBE), high-order beam element (HOBE), and commercial finite element analysis software (ANSYS). Simulation results show that the proposed method can accurately describe the large deformation and large overall motion of the beam, and has better computational efficiency. Research in this paper provides an efficient dynamic model for the dynamics analysis of soft robot arms.
Effect of Fermentation of Arabica Coffee on Physicochemical Characteristics and Sensory Analysis
Authors: Vaz Carlos Johnantan Tolentino , Menezes Larissa Soares , Santana Ricardo Corrêa , Sentanin Michelle Andriati , Zotarelli Marta Fernanda , Guidini Carla Zanella
Published: April 2022

This work studied the physicochemical characteristics and final sensory quality of the Yellow Catuai IAC 62 fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An experimental design was done by a Composite Central Rotational Design (CCRD) to evaluate the fermentation time and temperature. The responses were: fermentative mass pH, fruit moisture (just as processes were conducted), sugars, organic acids content (HPLC), and sensory quality by Specialty Coffee Association (SCA) methodology on two different roasts levels (light-medium roast and medium roast). It was observed that coffees, even in extreme time and temperature, behave similarly related to final scores (in general from 81 to 85 in SCA score), all classified as specialty coffees. Fructose content varies only with fermentation time regardless of temperature, decreasing its levels as time increases, from 12g/L to near 5g/L. In contrast, sucrose content decreased while time and temperature advanced, from 4g/L to 2g/L in lowers time or temperature for sucrose, similar behavior for glucose from 7g/L to zero, however it shows some concentration increase on lowers time or temperature. Glycerol was formed depending on both time and temperature, and its content increased with time and temperature increase, showing optimum formation conditions between 24°C and 32°C and 35 to 45 hours. pH behaved just as described by literature, decreasing with time advance and more intensely as temperature increases, beginning from around 5 and getting to lower than 4 in extreme cases. Organic acids such as acetic, propionic, succinic, and lactic were measured at final fermentation and presented in different concentrations.
Differences in the health systems responsiveness in townships with different economic levels, and the role of general practitioners
Authors: Lu Jing , Hong Zhuang , Li Xiaohong , Sun Mei , Tang Qi , Chen Gang , Lu Jun
Published: April 2022

Background
The evaluation of health system responsiveness (HSR) can improve patient satisfaction, promote health equity and improve the quality of health services. There are many factors affecting HSR, but in view of China's national conditions, economic inequality and the promotion of general practitioners. Our research explored these two aspects.
Methods
Using a multi-stage stratified sampling method, 820 participants aged 18 and over were extracted in Kunshan City, China. Analysis of Variance was used in preliminary analysis. Linear regression was applied to explore the association of people in different economic towns with HSR score. The moderating effect of general practitioners was analyzed using Model 1 in Macro PROCESS program.
Results
Among the participants in the study, reported that mean (SD) HSR score was 34.7 ± 4.29. The association between the economic development level of towns and HSR was significant even after adjustment (β = -0.42; 95% Confidence Intervals, CI = -0.69-0.15; p = 0.002). In addition, hospital level (β = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.34–1.15; p < 0.001) and whether general practitioners are contracted (β = 2.61; 95% CI = 1.81–3.41; p < 0.001) were also important factors affecting the HSR score. Moderating effect analysis showed that general practitioners significantly moderated the effect of economic level on HSR score (P = 0.01).
Conclusions
Economic development level of towns was negatively correlated with the increase of HSR score. People in towns with good economic development level may have lower HSR scores. At the same time, general practitioners moderated the impact of economic development level on HSR score.
A single center study of two types of upper kidney preservation surgery for complete duplicate kidney in children
Authors: Zhang Xiansheng , Chu Han , Cao Yongsheng , Deng Qifei
Published: April 2022

Objective: To compare the efficacy, advantages and disadvantages of insertable ureteral reimplantation (UC group) and ureteral end-to-side anastomosis (UU group) in the treatment of duplicate kidney, and summarize the clinical experience in diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on 20 cases of duplicate kidney in our hospital from April 2016 to June 2021, including 11 cases of insertable ureteral reimplantation and 9 cases of end-to-side ureteral anastomosis. There were 8 boys, 12 girls, 12 left and 8 right. There were 3 cases of urinary tract infection and 9 cases of urinary incontinence, all of the rest were found by B ultrasound in physical examination. The median age was 33.5 months. Preoperative and postoperative renal pelvis separation, ureteral dilation, operation time and drainage tube indwelling time were compared. Results: There was no significant difference in the degree of renal pelvis separation and ureter tortuosity before operation between the two groups (P > 0.05), and there was significant difference in the operative time between the two types of operation and in the duration of indwelling drainage tube (P < 0.05), there were significant differences in the degree of hydronephrosis and ureteral dilation before and after the two operations (P < 0.05), while there were no significant differences in the recovery of kidney and ureter after the two operations (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The two methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, both can be used as the choice of renal sparing therapy for complete duplicate kidney, it is necessary to choose the appropriate method according to the situation of children and the surgical experience of the doctors. Double J tube placement is helpful for finding and avioding to damage the duplicate ureter intraoperative, without increasing the difficulty of operation, and can prevent anastomosis or ureteral orifice stenosis.