bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mambo muhimu ya kuzingatia: Ushiriki wa watoto katika muktadha wa milipuko ya magonjwa Mashariki na Kusini mwa Afrika
Authors: Reilly Elena , Serlemitsos Elizabeth , Bilakwate Julieth Sebba
Published: June 2024

Mikakati bora ya ushiriki wa watoto ni muhimu ili kuboresha mwitikio wa milipuko ya magonjwa na kupunguza athari zake huku ikihakikisha ulinzi, ustawi na ustahimilivu wa watoto. Watoto wanapoelewa milipuko ya magonjwa, wana uwezo bora wa kuvumilia, kuchangia na kupona. Hii inakuza ustawi, inalinda watoto na inatambua nafasi yao. Eneo la Mashariki na Kusini mwa Afrika (ESA) linakabiliwa na milipuko ya magonjwa ikiwa ni pamoja na Ebola na homa nyingine za kutokwa damu, surua, kipindupindu, kimeta na homa ya uti wa mgongo, yote ambayo yanaweza kuathiri watoto kwa kiasi kikubwa. Muhtasari huu unaangazia kwa nini, lini na jinsi ya kuwashirikisha watoto katika hatua za kuzuia, kukabiliana na kupona milipuko ya magonjwa. Kutokana na machapisho yaliyochapishwa, ikiwa ni pamoja na ripoti za mradi, na uzoefu mpana wa waandishi, utoa mwongozo wa kusaidia kubuni na kukuza mikakati ya mawasiliano na ushiriki inayowafaa watoto inayohusiana na milipuko ya magonjwa. Muhtasari unahusu juhudi zinazohusisha watoto na vijana chini ya umri wa miaka 18 na unapendekeza madaraja matatu ya ushiriki. Mashirika na watendaji wanaweza kuchagua daraja kulingana na malengo ya shirika, rasilimali na utayari wa kushirikiana na watoto.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, IPM DAN DEPENDENCY RATIO TERHADAP TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Darma Reza Dwi , Muslihatinningsih Fivien , Adenan Moh.
Published: June 2024

Salah satu fokus pembangunan adalah mengurangi jumlah penduduk miskin. Kemiskinan terjadi ketika seseorang atau kelompok tidak dapat mencapai tingkat kemakmuran ekonomi yang dianggap sebagai kebutuhan minimum untuk standar hidup tertentu.Berdasarkan data Kemiskinan Indonesia mengalami penurunan yang signifikan, perlunya kebijakan yang berkelanjutan untuk mencapai tujuan pengentasan kemiskinan yang lebih konsisten. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan pengaruh dari variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia dan Dependency Ratio terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel dari tahun 2018-2022 dengan 34 Provinsi di Indoensia. Penelitian ini menggunakan Regresi Data Panel untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari variabel independent dengan variabel dependen. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan, IPM berpengaruh negatif signifikan dan Dependency Ratio berpengaruh posiitif tidak signifikan. dilihat dari pengaruhnya IPM memiliki peran sentral dalam memahami dan mengatasi kemiskinan. Analisis kualitas pendidikan, akses kesehatan, distribusi pendapatan, dan faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi IPM membuka peluang untuk merumuskan kebijakan yang lebih terarah dan efektif dalam upaya pengentasan kemiskinan
Movimientos estudiantiles universitarios en América Latina, Asia y África. Contribuciones sociohistóricas para un campo de investigación en consolidación
Authors: Seia Guadalupe A. , Cejudo Ramos Denisse de Jesús
Published: June 2024

x
La protesta estudiantil y la crisis de la democracia en India, 1974-1977
Authors: Kent Carrasco Daniel
Published: June 2024

En la historiografía india existe un consenso en torno al importante papel jugado por el movimiento estudiantil en la precipitación de la primera gran crisis de la democracia India, asociada con la declaración del estado de emergencia entre 1975 y 1977. Sin embargo, han habido pocos esfuerzos para vincular las trayectorias de la política estudiantil en aquel país con otros movimientos gestados en distintas partes del mundo durante las décadas de 1960 y 1970. Enfocado en el papel de liderazgo jugado por Jayaprakash Narayan en dichas protestas estudiantiles, este artículo propone que el movimiento estudiantil de aquellos años en India debe ser entendido como un episodio central para entender las grandes trasformaciones vividas a lo largo y ancho del Tercer Mundo en los llamados “sesentas globales”.
#AfrikaansMustFall
Authors: Vaccaro Antonela Soledad
Published: June 2024

En este artículo tomamos la protesta estudiantil de 2015 y 2016 #AfrikaansMustFall de las Universidades de Stellenbosch y Pretoria y los debates en torno a la descolonización en educación superior en Sudáfrica para observar la importancia de discutir las políticas lingüísticas en ese nivel educativo. Exploraremos la protesta #AfrikaansMustFall como una acción de gestión de lenguas (Spolsky, 2004) desde su hashtag a través de etnografía digital (Hine, 2004) para rastrear lo sucedido con las protestas estudiantiles y el rol de las redes sociales para la discusión y posterior modific a política lingüística universitaria.
Reflexión sobre los derechos fundamentales en la nueva Ley de la Inteligencia Artificial
Authors: Laukyte Migle
Published: June 2024

La Ley de la IA ha sido aprobada en marzo 2024 y el presente escrito analiza algunos aspectos de dicha Ley en relación con los derechos fundamentales, que preocupan tanto a la sociedad. Iniciando con algunos apuntes críticos relativos a la primera versión de la propuesta, el trabajo enfoca la visión general de losderechos fundamentales presentada en esta Ley y argumenta que si bien los derechos fundamentales están presentes y concretados a través de distintos derechos en distintos contextos (laboral, consumo, etc.), la Ley no hace ninguna referencia sustancial a algunos de los derechos fundamentales, para los cualeslas aplicaciones basadas en IA podrían significar un gran cambio. En consecuencia, el artículo identifica algunos aspectos de la visión normativa de la IA que podría ser más beneficiosa a los ciudadanos y sus derechos.
História do conhecimento da forma e tamanho da Terra
Authors: Sellés-Martínez José
Published: June 2024

Introdução e Objetivo. Esta contribuição descreve e ilustra a história das ideias e pesquisas práticas no processo de construção da imagem do planeta, com o propósito de ser útil aos professores. Metodologia. Para tal, foram analisadas uma série de fontes de informação de vários períodos. Resultados. Confirmou-se que, ao contrário da crença popularizada sobre a concepção de uma Terra plana durante a Idade Média, existem evidências textuais e gráficas de que o modelo esférico a concepção continuou a ser aceita naquele período. Conclusão. Uma vez que a Terra esférica, inicialmente imaginada pelos pitagóricos e aristotélicos, é definitivamente reafirmada no final da Idade Média, as discussões passam, a partir de então, para os detalhes que modulam a forma esférica, desenvolvendo os conceitos de elipsoide e, por fim, de geoide.
Large gradient of susceptibility to esca disease revealed by long-term monitoring of 46 grapevine cultivars in a common garden vineyard
Authors: Gastou Pierre , Destrac Irvine Agnes , Arcens Clarisse , Courchinoux Eva , This Patrice , Van Leeuwen Cornelis , Delmas Chloé
Published: June 2024

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is prone to many fungal diseases, including esca, a severe vascular disease threatening the wine sector and for which there is no cost-effective cure. Susceptibility to esca varies between cultivars in different infection conditions. It may therefore be possible to use the genetic diversity of grapevine cultivars to mitigate disease impact. However, the genetic component of esca susceptibility has rarely been investigated in the vineyard, and the specific mechanisms and varietal traits underlying esca susceptibility remain unknown.In this study, we monitored the incidence and severity of esca foliar symptoms and plant dieback (apoplexy and mortality) at plant level for seven years, on 46 cultivars planted in an experimental common garden, to separate the genetic component of esca susceptibility from the effects of environment and cropping practices. We observed a broad gradient of varietal susceptibility, with a mean incidence of 0 to 26 % of vines expressing esca foliar symptoms depending on the variety. This gradient remained similar across years and, unlike the severity of foliar symptoms, the incidence of grapevine dieback was significantly correlated with that of foliar symptoms. We detected a significant but weak and very localised phylogenetic signal for the incidence of esca foliar symptoms in this panel of cultivars.We then explored the relationships between epidemiological metrics and ecophysiological and phenological traits phenotyped on the same plot. Esca disease incidence was negatively correlated with δ13C across cultivars, suggesting that varieties with higher water use efficiency are less prone to the expression of esca symptoms on leaves. Moreover, the least vigorous cultivars were among the least susceptible, although this relationship was not significant. By contrast, neither phenological stages nor nitrogen status were significantly predictive of cultivar susceptibility to the disease.Together, these results provide new insight into the potential of genetic resources for use in the sustainable management of grapevine trunk diseases and open up new perspectives for studying the pathological and physiological determinants of their incidence.
Celebration of the 105th Anniversary the Fundamental Library Institute of Scientific Information in Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Sokolov S. V. , Cherny Yu. Yu.
Published: June 2024

The article tells about the conference, organized by the Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences RAN, dedicated to the 105 anniversary of its library.
The Role of Reading in Shaping the Worldview of Students in the USSR State Labor Reserves
Authors: Zaglodina T. A. , Larionova M. B.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to identify the mechanisms of formation of socio-cultural values and mental characteristics of students through the images of literary heroes. Content analysis of literary sources according to the selected parameters: positive and negative qualities of the hero, attitude to study, labor, family, Motherland, ideas about good and evil, values and priorities, norms of behavior in society and collective was chosen as the research method. The selected criteria allowed us to structure the content of texts according to the subject areas that make up the worldview: the idea of oneself and one's role in the world; ethical and ideological ideas; norms and patterns of behavior; values. The selection of sources was made along two lines: firstly, literary works that were most often declared at the “Loud Readings” in the labor reserve schools of the Sverdlovsk region, and secondly, the most popular works according to the statistical data of libraries of labor reserve schools and colleges, as well as towns and villages.The analysis of reports of colleges and schools, the results of the survey of visitors to libraries in Moscow and rural areas made it possible to identify the most popular works of fiction of that time and to present the factors that had a direct impact on the formation of students' worldview, their value system and mentality, to compile cult images of literary heroes.
Organization of Buildings of Central Universal Libraries of Russian Regions
Authors: Kuznetsova A. G.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to present in the historical aspect the results of research of issues related to the construction of library buildings, to characterize their current state (building areas, material and technical characteristics, buildings – objects of cultural heritage, etc.) for to develop recommendations on improving the library space and its organic use.

The author analyzed conceptual works on the construction of libraries that define historical stages in the design and construction of library buildings in the USSR and modern Russia. The tradition of considering issues of organizing library buildings in the structure of library science developed at the beginning of the 20th century. The analysis of the study of library science publications revealed absence of complex consideration of the problem of organizing library buildings.

Historically, many central libraries occupy buildings dated the 18th–19th centuries, and one of the actual tasks of librarianship is to preserve buildings that present cultural value, to create conditions for the organic use of their space, taking into account new information technologies, the development of the library as a modern multifunctional cultural and information social institution. The library architectural heritage of central libraries of the country constituent entities needs reconstruction and restoration in order to preserve the information potential that their collections contain.

The Sector for the Organization of Librarianship of the Scientific and Methodological Department of the Russian National Library carried out the analysis of the database of business cards of central universal libraries of Russia to identify the quantitative characteristics of the buildings of central libraries of the constituent entities of RF, to get information on their current state and to develop further recommendations for improving the library space.
The method of hermeneutic research and the possibility of its use in the practice of social work
Authors: Mulloboeva D. A.
Published: June 2024

In this article, social reality is analyzed by the philosophical method of hermeneutics. The complexity and diversity of social reality, which includes national traditions, language and activities, social life and social institutions, is revealed. The author notes that so far the legacy of hermeneutic thought has not found proper use in the theory and practice of social work. According to the author, the analysis of hermeneutical traditions helps to determine the scope and prospects of social work. The role of hermeneutics as a method of understanding is central to the theory and practice of social work.
Effect of the genotype and ageing time on physicochemical parameters of skeletal muscles in young bulls fattened in a semi intensive system
Authors:   University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Cattle Breeding and Genetic Resources Conservation, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland, Stanek Piotr , Domaradzki Piotr ,   University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Quality Assessment and Processing of Animal Product, Sub-Department of Instrumental Analysis of Food, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland, Żółkiewski Paweł ,   University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Cattle Breeding and Genetic Resources Conservation, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland, Florek Mariusz ,   University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Quality Assessment and Processing of Animal Product, Sub-Department of Instrumental Analysis of Food, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland, Januś Ewa ,   University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Cattle Breeding and Genetic Resources Conservation, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland, Kowalczyk Marek ,   University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Quality Assessment and Processing of Animal Product, Sub-Department of Instrumental Analysis of Food, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Published: June 2024

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the genotype and ageing time on pH, water holding capacity, shear force and energy, and the myofibrillar index of m. longissimus lumborum and m. semitendinosus muscles in semi-intensively fed bulls. Carcass value indices and the chemical composition of the muscles depending on the genetic group were assessed as well. The study involved 46 young bulls from four genetic groups, i.e. the Hereford breed (HER, 8 bulls), the Limousin breed (LIM, 8 bulls), commercial cross-breeds (MT, 14 bulls), and the Polish Black-and-White Holstein-Friesian breed (PHF, 16 bulls). The analyses showed that the semi-intensive fattening system ensures production of carcasses with satisfactory slaughter yield and quality parameters (good musculature and moderate fatness). The best quality parameters were determined in the meat from the LIM and MT young bulls, whereas the poorest results were exhibited by the PHF beef. The ageing time had a positive effect on the meat quality parameters (especially tenderness and color), contributing to a significant reduction in the differences between the genotypes observed in the initial postmortem period. The results of the shear force and myofibrillar index, i.e. parameters of meat tenderness, suggest that a 14-day ageing period seems to be the necessary minimum. This period should even be extended in the case of the LL muscle of HER and PHF young bulls or the ST muscle of HER, MT, and PHF young bulls. Further research with consumer assessment is therefore advisable to determine the optimal ageing time of beef produced in the country.
Integrated Physics E-Booklet Model of Tsunami Disaster Mitigation in Outer Islands of The West Coast Sumatra for High School Level
Authors: Fitri Elsi Adelia , Johan Henny , Karyadi Bhakti , Sudirman Sudirman , Putriani Eli
Published: June 2024

Indonesia is a country located at the confluence of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates, which collide with each other, one of which is off the west coast of the island of Sumatra. This situation carries a significant risk of triggering a tsunami disaster. To minimize these risks, it is necessary to provide disaster awareness to all groups, especially students. This study aims to produce an e-booklet on integrated wave material for tsunami disaster mitigation on the outermost islands of Sumatra's west coast. The study employs a research and development methodology. The research instruments were questionnaires, interview guides, validation sheets, and questions. We conducted descriptive, quantitative, and qualitative data analysis. The research results led to the production of an integrated e-booklet for tsunami disaster mitigation, tailored to the region's potential in mitigation efforts. The level of disaster preparedness after using the e-booklet is included in the high preparedness category. The relationship between knowledge and level of disaster preparedness is linear. So that this e-booklet can be used as teaching material to provide disaster preparedness on the outermost islands of the west coast of Sumatra.
A Comprehensive Literature Review of Surgical Management Techniques for Medial Epicondylitis
Authors: Aljayban Aeshah Abdulrahman , Al-Dhafer Bassmh A.
Published: June 2024

Medial epicondylitis, commonly referred to as golfer's elbow, is a condition primarily caused by the degeneration of the common flexor tendons' origin. The clinical presentation is mainly characterized by persistent elbow pain. Treatment options range from nonoperative measures to operative interventions. Surgical options become a consideration when symptoms persist for more than 6 months. In this literature review, a computer-assisted literature search has been conducted by the authors, looking into the databases of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ProQuest, OvidSP, and Scopus. Based on that, 14 articles were selected and reviewed. Selected articles were those that reported outcomes of medial epicondylitis solely; the outcomes were assessed as each article separately; then, articles were collected based on the surgical techniques, and the mean values were estimated for success rates. The literature supports that surgical management for persistent medial epicondylitis is successful because it has a success rate ranging from 82.5% to 94.8% regardless of the technique used. Patients experienced improved symptoms and minimal complications, whereas minimally invasive procedures reported lower incidences of postoperative hematomas and ulnar neuropathy. Undergoing a surgical treatment leads to improvements in patients' symptoms. The choice of surgical procedure, however, should be individualized to ensure a balance between complications and coexisting pathologies.
Application of coastal resilience metrics at Panama City Beach, Florida
Authors: Spurgeon Scott , McFall Brian , Patch Stephanie , Wozencraft Jennifer
Published: June 2024

This study, for the first time, combines the Coastal Engineering Resilience Index (CERI) and Buffer Width (BW) metrics to better understand the historic, current, and future resilience of the coastal system at Panama City Beach, Florida. After the construction of the US Army Corps of Engineers Coastal Storm Risk Management (CSRM) project at Panama City Beach, the CERI resilience metric has increased up to 21.3%, while negative storm impacts in the same have been less than 8%. The frequency of nourishment efforts moving forward is justified by a 24.3% increase in the BW metric when comparing cases that are nourished frequently with cases that are not nourished frequently. Moreover, there is a 129.2% increase in the BW metric when comparing the frequently nourished cases with the cases that are nourished only on an emergency basis. While the CERI and BW metrics have both been considered previously, their combined application provides an understanding of a broader temporal view of how storm events, CSRM projects, and nourishments have played a part in the resilience of the system at Panama City Beach over the last two decades and how they may play a role in the next half century.
Encapsulated Fluorescent Tags to Label Drill Cuttings for Improved Depth Correlation: A Field Application
Authors: Zhu S. S. , Antoniv M. , Saadoun N. , Thomas G. , Poitzsch M. , Kwak H. , Yousef A.
Published: June 2024

Drill cuttings logging (mud logging) is a technology with great potential to deliver formation evaluation and completion efficiency. However, the conventional mud logging technology determines the cutting sample depth using the lag time of the cutting’s return trip, which results in depth uncertainties of ±20 ft or more. We previously proposed to tag cuttings at the bit face with penetrating, impregnating polymeric NanoTags and to determine the cuttings’ depth using the NanoTag’s downward trip time, which could reduce the depth uncertainties to ±1–2 ft. The first field test to test the first generation of NanoTags was completed in December 2019. In that test, the signals of the NanoTags in the cuttings were detected using pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) analysis. The second field test for the development of this technology was performed in 2022 using a new generation of optical NanoTags that encapsulated a rhodamine dye. A detection method was also developed to analyze the optical tag on cuttings semiquantitatively using a fluorescent microscope and ImageJ software. Our results suggest that the depth determined by our tagging technology is accurate and correlates well with the mud logging data; the results also indicated that the optimal gap time between each tag injection should be greater than 10 minutes.
Spatial analysis of garlic viruses in the Alto Paranaíba region, Minas Gerais
Authors: Gontijo Gabriela Ribeiro , Figueira Antonia dos Reis , Silveira Antonia Thalyta Lopes , Medeiros Marcos Levi , Pozza Edson Ampelio
Published: June 2024

The Alto Paranaíba region, located in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, is one of the largest garlic producers in Brazil, but little is known about the occurrence and incidence of viral diseases in the region. In this study, a survey of the viral species presents in 10 areas in the municipality of São Gotardo. Each sampled area was divided into 3 subareas, and in each subarea, 1290 plants were visually evaluated for the presence or absence of symptoms and 25 leaves each with and without symptoms were collected to identify the viruses present by means of RT‒PCR. The incidence of viruses in the ten areas was quite variable, and four of them had a lower incidence, ranging from 2.9–16.7%. Two of the others presented incidences of 42.9% and 86.4%, while four showed an incidence of 100%. The infected plants showed an aggregated spatial distribution pattern in 90% in the run test and a random distribution in 63.3% in the doublet test. The dispersion index in 63.3% of the blocks indicated a regular spatial pattern. All symptomatic samples collected were positive for the presence of one or more virus species belonging to the genera Potyvirus, Carlavirus and Allexivirus, indicating possible transmission by the cloves used in planting. These results demonstrate the importance of vector control and the use of virus-free propagation material because the presence of the inoculum at the beginning of the crop cycle means a longer time for dissemination and impairment of productivity.
Pollution Risk Assessment of the Soil Near the Quarries in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: HASSAN Isiaka Adio
Published: June 2024

Quarry is a mining industry through which construction materials are extracted. The investigation is on the pollution risk assessment of the nearby soil of the quarries in Ogun State, Nigeria. Topsoil and subsoil (Forty - Eight) samples were collected from ADE, BAA, OGB, IDO, IGO, ILA, ISA, and IWA (dry and wet seasons) and analysed for K, Mg, Si, As, Se, Ni, and Pb using standard procedures. Pollution level was assessed using the following indices; Pollution (PI), Ecological risk (ERI), and Geo-accumulation (Igeo). Topsoil (west season); all locations were very highly polluted with Mg, and IGO (very highly) polluted with Si and K. Subsoils (west season); BAA and IGO (Mg), ILA and IGO (Si), and ISA and BAA (K) were very highly polluted. Topsoil (wet season) ILA and BAA (As), and OGB, ISA, ILA, BAA, and IGO (Ni) were very highly polluted. In the subsoil (dry season), all locations were very highly polluted with As and Se. In subsoil (dry season); IDO (Pb), and ADE and BAA (As) had very high ecological risk (ER); Igodo had high ER of Pb. Topsoil Igeo (wet season); Mg in all locations (strongly - very strongly) polluted, ILA and IGO (Si), IWA, IDO, ILA, ADE, and IGO (K) were very strongly polluted. Subsoil Igeo (wet season) ILA and IGO (Si), and BAA and ISA (K) were very strongly polluted. Topsoil Igeo (wet season); OGB, ISA, ILA, BAA, and IGO (Ni) were very strongly polluted. Surrounding soils (polluted).
Research on the differences of mechanical properties between horizontal and vertical in Al-Cu alloy deposits fabricated by wire + arc additive manufacturing
Authors: Wang Shuai , Ren Lingling , yang lan , Ming Zhu , Li Chengde , Wang Wei
Published: June 2024

Al-Cu alloy made by arc fuse additive has excellent microstructure and properties, but the difference between transverse and longitudinal is the key factor limiting its application.In this experiment, Al-Cu alloy deposits with different Cu contents were formed by the wire + arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process used Al-Cu welding wire with different Cu content.The microstructure and properties of the deposits,both intralayer and interlayer,were analyzed using metallography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and tensile tests.The results showed that the interlayer content of Cu is higher than that in the intralayer. When Cu content in the deposit was 6.3% in the as-deposited state, there was an enhanced θ (Al2Cu) precipitate phase in the interlayer position. After T4 treatment, there were still θ phases with a size larger than 20 µm, which were linearly distributed parallel to the accumulation layer. These θ phases led to lower mechanical properties in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction, with a brittle fracture mode. When the Cu content of the deposit was reduced to 5.6% after T4 treatment, there were no large θ phases in the interlayer position. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of horizontal and vertical directions were consistent, and they had a ductile fracture mode.The Cu content in the deposit was the primary reason for the difference in mechanical properties between horizontal and vertical directions. Al-Cu alloy deposits with uniform mechanical properties in the horizontal and vertical directions can be obtained by controlling the Cu content,which has an important role in the application of this process.
Advancing CNC Tool Condition Monitoring Through Image Processing Techniques
Authors: Falah Alireza , Andó Mátyás
Published: June 2024

This paper introduces a novel and effective approach for tool condition monitoring (TCM) in CNC machining through the application of image processing techniques. Utilizing a consumer-grade camera capable of recording videos at 60 frames per second, the study demonstrates a cost-effective method for detecting tool breakage and identifying edge fractures. Basic image processing techniques, including frame extraction, background subtraction, thresholding, and morphological operations, are applied to analyze the captured images and videos. This research not only offers a practical solution to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of CNC machine operations but also aligns with advancements in smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0. Moreover, it paves the way for future research in this area, suggesting potential for further refinement and broader application of such monitoring techniques.
The influence of global warming on ENSO dynamics
Authors: Zhang Mengjie , Yan Lei , Nayak Adam , Xiong Lihua , Lall Upmanu
Published: June 2024

How the dynamics of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are being modified under a changing climate continues to be an open question with significant implications for global climate impacts. We present the first statistical attribution of how the spatio-temporal dynamics of ENSO have changed due to global warming over the last century using a non-homogeneous Hidden Markov Model of gridded tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature (SST) with smoothed global temperature as a covariate for the associated latent states. We identify 5 latent states whose space and time patterns correspond to classical El Niño and La Niña (LN), mild La Niña and Central Pacific El Niño (CP), and neutral ENSO patterns. The monthly probability of occurrence, and the transition probabilities of these states have changed significantly, and global temperature changes are identified as strong determinants of these changes. For instance, the probability of observing LN and CP has changed by 0.300 and 0.767 over the last 100 years. The estimated sensitivity of these probabilities to global temperature is (0.248±0.002)/℃ and (0.722±0.008)/℃, translating to 97% and 98% of the change, respectively, given the 1.22℃ warming. Similarly, the sensitivity of La Niña persistence to global temperature change is estimated as (28.9±0.2) month/℃, and this explains 98% of the variance in the increased persistence of La Niña patterns that are associated with recent recurrent droughts and floods in parts of the world.
Prediction on the composite foundation bearing capacity with GRA-SR-SVR
Authors: Dong Lifei , wei haiyu , Wang Miao , Yu Bo , Chen Feiyu
Published: June 2024

Composite foundation bearing capacity is the main basis of composite foundation design, and how to accurately predict the composite foundation bearing capacity is of great significance to foundation engineering. In order to analyze the main influencing factors of composite foundation bearing capacity, and predict the corresponding foundation bearing capacity. Based on the actual measurement data of vibration replacement stone column composite foundation project, the main factors affecting the bearing capacity of its foundation are identified by using gray correlation analysis (GRA) and stepwise regression (SR). On this basis, the support vector machine regression model (SVR) is constructed to predict the bearing capacity of the composite foundation. And the prediction results are compared with those of the BP neural network and GRA-SVR model. The results show that the main factors affecting the bearing capacity of vibration replacement stone column composite foundation include diameter, effective pile length, dense current, filling coefficient, natural density, replacement rate, bedding thickness, and pore ratio. The prediction accuracy of the GRA-SR-SVR, BP neural network, and GRA-SVR model are 98.23%, 97.08%, and 97.63% in order, and the GRA-SR-SVR model has the highest prediction accuracy, and it can accurately and effectively predict the composite foundation bearing capacity.
Characterization of briquettes developed from water hyacinth and groundnut shell blends-The case of Lake Tana
Authors: Amare Wubalem , Alemayehu Fasil , Fissiha Destaw
Published: June 2024

Background
Ethiopia’s energy relies mainly on biomass sources, residues of crops and animal dung collections. Over 90% of domestic energy needs in Ethiopia are met by biomass, which contributes to deforestation and climate change. This study investigates the usage of water hyacinth and country’s largely produced agricultural waste (groundnut shells) for the production of briquettes using potato peels as a binder.
Methods
Water hyacinth, groundnut shells, and potato peel waste were used for production of briquettes. Briquettes were prepared using three parameters; temperature (350 ℃, 450 ℃ and 550 ℃), particle size (0.5, 1 and 1.5mm) and mixing ratio (25%, 50% and 75%). Physical properties and calorific values for the developed briquettes were determined using FTIR machine and bomb calorimeter. Central composite design by the design expert was used to design the experiment, and response surface methodology was used to optimize the calorific value of the produced briquettes. Statistical analysis tool such as analysis of variance was employed to show whether the process variables were statistically significant on the response variable (P < 0.05).
Results
The developed briquettes had the highest calorific value, 25.52 MJ/kg. The maximum bulk density and durability of the produced briquettes were 0.553% and 97.86%, respectively. The moisture content, volatile matter, ash content, and fixed carbon content of water hyacinth biomass were 8.14%, 68.49%, 10.3% and 13.06%, respectively. The moisture content, volatile matter, ash content, and fixed carbon of the groundnut shells were 9.2%, 66.84%, 3.615% and 20.34%, respectively. The produced briquettes had a moisture content ranging from 8.470–11.760%, and ash content ranging from 5.850–8.750%. Temperature, particle size and mixing ratio were statistically significant on the calorific value of the briquettes (p < 0.05). The optimised briquettes have a calorific value of 24.544 MJ/kg, at a temperature, particle size and mixing ratio of 453.380℃, 0.999 mm, and 50%, respectively.
Conclusion
The produced briquettes had good calorific value, bulk density and durability, and were suitable for cooking and heating purposes. This revealed that agricultural wastes could be used to augment the energy sources pool to protect the environment and create social stability in the community.
Magnitude and Associated Factors of Dignity Preservation Among Hospitalized Patients, Mwanza Region Northwestern Tanzania. A cross sectional study
Authors: Mabega Ndakibae Gabriel , Mwaisungu Halima , Lazaro Haule Amon Solomon , Mwing’a Gerald Phares
Published: June 2024

Dignity is considered a fundamental human right and is recognized as one of the core concepts in patient care. Human beings have an intrinsic value that differentiates them from other creatures and thus deserve respect and privacy irrespective of their position. Therefore, a violation of human dignity is also regarded as a violation of human rights. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of dignity preservation and its associated factors among hospitalized patients.
Material and Methods: Thiscross-sectional study was conducted on 270 hospitalized patients in the two teaching hospitals of Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) and Mwanza Regional Referral Hospital. Data were collected by a questionnaire of two sections: (a) Demographic characteristics and (b) Patient dignity scale, including 32 statements. Data were analyzed by Stata version 15E software, whereby a student’s t-test statistic was used to compare the total dignity mean score of demographic variables with two categories and the ANOVA test statistic for comparison of the total dignity mean score of demographic and other variables with more than two categories.
Results: Majority of patients 175(64.8%) were not informed about their basic rights. There was a significant difference in the mean score of total dignity among males and females (p=0.016), single and married people (p=0.005), those who attended Bugando Medical Centre and Mwanza Regional Referral Hospital (Sekouture) (p=0.002), and those who were admitted to a private and general ward (p=0.029).
Conclusion: The healthcare system should consider dignity preservation through comprehensive education to healthcare providers about the importance of dignified care and patient rights in hospitals.
Exchange-correlation kernel for perturbation dependent auxiliary functions in auxiliary density perturbation theory
Authors: Hernandez-Segura Luis-Ignacio , Olvera-Rubalcava Flor-Andreas , Flores-Moreno Roberto , Calaminici Patrizia , Köster Andreas
Published: June 2024

In this paper the working equation for the exchange-correlation kernel of the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for perturbation dependent auxiliary functions is derived and discussed in the framework of auxiliary density functional theory (ADFT). The presented new formulation is extended to the unrestricted approach, too. A comprehensive discussion of the implementation of the GGA ADFT kernel, using either the native exchange-correlation functional implementations in deMon2k or the ones from the LibXC library is given. Calculations with analytic exchange-correlation kernels are compared to their finite difference counterparts. The obtained results are in quantitative agreement. Nevertheless, analytic GGA ADFT kernel implementations show substantial improvement in the computational performance. Similar results are reported for analytic second derivatives of effective core potential (ECP) and model core potential (MCP) matrix elements when compared to their finite difference counterparts in molecular frequency analyses.
Guar Gum and Ethyl Cellulose Nanoparticles Encapsulating Capecitabine for the Management of Colorectal Cancer: Formulation and Assessment
Authors: Pasupathy A , Rathore Seema S. , S Umadevi , Jenita⃰ J. Josephine Leno
Published: June 2024

Currently, most nanotechnology-mediated drug delivery systems are targeted towards cancer therapy. The guar gum and ethyl cellulose nanoparticle-based delivery system developed in this study demonstrates the potential of nanotechnology-mediated approaches for the targeted and sustained delivery of capecitabine in managing colorectal cancer. Guar gum and Ethyl cellulose have been selected as polymers to formulate nanoparticles for colon targeting. Different batches of drug-loaded GG-EC nanoparticles were prepared by the emulsion solvent diffusion method. The optimal batch exhibited a particle dimension of 235.6 ± 4.28 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.153 and a zeta potential of -23.4 ± 3.12 millivolts. The in vitro drug release pattern demonstrated that the liberation of capecitabine was sustained for 24 hours. The mechanism of drug release from formulated nanoparticles was followed with Non-Fickian mediated with diffusion-controlled. Animal studies determined the targeting efficiency of the ideal formulation. Results indicated that the concentration of capecitabine was higher than the standard drug. The distinctive characteristics of the polymers employed in the nanoparticle formulation facilitate specific drug discharge in the colon, diminishing systemic contact and amplifying remedial effectiveness.
Maximizing the Benefits of WES Data for Clinical Diagnosis of individuals with Differences/Variations of Sex Development
Authors: Decken Isabel von der , Gutiérrez Daniel Rodríguez , Sproll Patrick , Opitz Lennart , Stevenson Brian , Azimi Hamid , Lang-Muritano Mariarosaria , Konrad Daniel , Lenherr-Taube Nina , Kennedy Uchenna , L’Allemand Dagmar , Livshits Ludmila , Raafat Shaymaa , Nef Serge , Biason-Lauber Anna
Published: June 2024

Variations of Sex Development (VSD) are conditions where genetic and anatomical features do not align with typical male or female characteristics, often due to sex chromosome differences, hormonal imbalances, or other genetic factors. Diagnosing the genetic etiology of VSD can be challenging due to the complex and variable nature of the condition. We developed a whole exome sequencing (WES) pipeline, demonstrating WES as an all-in-one genetic testing tool. It offers reliable karyotyping and SRY gene detection, potentially replacing costly and time-consuming karyotyping and FISH assays. Our pipeline tests all known and candidate VSD genes simultaneously, avoiding the need for single-gene tests. A customized filtering system, including a blacklist of variants from healthy controls, enhances variant detection. Among 171 subjects with a VSD diagnosis of unresolved etiology, our pipeline provided probable genetic diagnoses for 50 patients, identifying two chromosomal aberrations, one SRY translocation missed by initial FISH-assay, and 47 point mutations in known VSD genes, 18 of which are novel. Overall, WES consolidates multiple genetic tests into one, making it a more accessible and cost-effective diagnostic tool for clinics, usable by non-experts.
Mendelian Randomization Study on the Causal Relationship and Mediation Effects of Different Lifestyle Factors on Neurological Diseases: Exploring the Connection between the Glymphatic System and the Nervous System
Authors: Hou Weiyu , Zhao Xueming
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the causal associations and mediation effects involving pulse rate, NrCAM, migraine, and various neurological disorders within the context of the glymphatic system. Through bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, simple, parallel, and serial mediation models, as well as a disease network approach, significant relationships and pathways are elucidated. Key findings include the influence of pulse rate on neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) expression, the role of NrCAM in mediating migraine, and the impact of neurological disorders like stroke and Parkinson's disease (PD) on molecular pathways. The study highlights NrCAM as a pivotal molecule in the glymphatic system influenced by lifestyle factors, with implications for migraine pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets. Moreover, pulse rate emerges as an initiating factor affecting molecular changes, with neurological disorders acting as mediators. The complex interplay between lifestyle, physiological factors, molecules, and neurological disorders underscores the intricate network of causality in neurological pathologies. Understanding these interactions offers insights for targeted interventions and personalized treatments, emphasizing the importance of optimizing glymphatic function for neurological disease prevention and management.
Comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs expression profiles unveils antiviral roles of lncRNAs and regulatory pathways in LSDV-infected MDBK cells
Authors: Liao Kai , Wang Hao , He Wei , Qian Bingxu , Jia Xiaoran , Cao Yuying , Wen Yuan , Liu Cong , Zeng Dexin , Tang Fang , Dai Jianjun , Li Chao , Xue Feng
Published: June 2024

The lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), a member of the Poxviridae family, is primarily characterized by the formation of skin nodules in cattle. In our study, RNA sequencing was employed to investigate LSDV-infected Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells. At 4 hours post-infection (hpi), 108 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (delncRNAs) were identified. A co-expressed functional analysis indicated that lncRNAs may influence cellular glycometabolic processes. Additionally, we observed 798 differentially expressed mRNAs (demRNAs), predominantly associated with lipopeptide-induced immune response pathways in enrichment analyses. These findings indicate an active cellular defense against the poxvirus at this early stage. At 24 hpi, 1101 delncRNAs were identified, impacting cell metabolism, especially glycometabolism. Notably, two LncRNAs, which interacted with MAPK3, emerged as potential central regulators in the lncRNA-mRNA cis-regulation network. The number of demRNAs surged to 5295, with KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealing associations with various diseases. This late phase marked a critical juncture, as the virus inflicted near-total cellular destruction, resulting in severe pathological conditions. Moreover, two of the demRNAs at 4 hpi, AV5191 and AV15574, were shown to inhibit LSDV replication in MDBK cells. The LSDV-induced host lncRNA/mRNA profiles reveal intricate regulatory dynamics, providing a foundational and robust public resource for understanding the nuanced mechanisms in poxvirus-host interactions.
Geomorphic hazards of torrential floods in Wadi Abu-Hasah El-Bahari and their impact on The Royal Tomb of Akhenaten, Minia Governorate, Upper Egypt
Authors: Torab Magdy , Bardan Emad El
Published: June 2024

Wadi Abu-Hasah El-Bahari is located in the Minia Governorate, Upper Egypt, around 60 km south of Minia city. Geomorphologists, archaeologists, and anyone concerned with preserving Egypt's pharaonic heritage are particularly interested in this valley because it exposes this beautiful Royal Tomb of Akhenaten to the hazards of frequent torrential floods. Given the design of the tomb's construction and the potential for subsequent flooding, weathering processes and soil erosion pose significant hazards for the tomb. The objective of this paper is to define the effects and causes of geomorphological hazards caused by floods on the Wadi Abu-Hasah El-Bahari basin and the royal tomb of Akhenaten. To do this, we will use satellite images, do a lot of fieldwork in the valley, and use runoff analysis, which includes a number of morphometric parameters and valley flood analysis models, to find possible dangers from heavy floods in the valley basin and around the royal tomb. The study shows that the tomb's location at the same level as the bottom of the valley stream makes it particularly vulnerable to damage from debris torrent processes stemming from flood events in the Wadi. The result is that past sediment accumulations in various channels along the Wadi have become mobilized during these periods of flooding and now pose a risk to Tomb Conservation through post-flooding debris deposition.
Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Urban Sprawl on Carbon Emission Intensity of Cities in the Yangtze River Basin
Authors: Jiang Weizong , Xu Jianhui , Zhao Tian , Hu Feng , Yu Linghua
Published: June 2024

This paper constructs an urban sprawl index (USI) based on nighttime lighting data, and explores the impact of urban sprawl on carbon emission intensity (CEI) using panel data model and spatial econometric model. The results show that: (1) In the correlation test between the USI constructed based on nighttime lighting data and the USI constructed from statistical data, most models yield significantly positive results. The USI constructed from nighttime lighting data can be used to characterize urban sprawl. (2) The USI and CEI in the Yangtze River Basin decreased overall. The distance between CEI and USI exhibited a general trend of widening, leading to a gradual weakening of the influence between the two. In spatial distribution, the USI experienced minimal change overall, whereas the second-highest intensity of CEI was notably concentrated towards the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. (3) There is a significant U-shaped relationship and spillover effect between CEI and USI. The impact of the level of economic development and the extent of greening is more pronounced, while the influence of other variables is relatively minor. The results of the study suggest that spatial planning should be tailored to the local economic development status. It is important to leverage the benefits of population agglomeration to enhance the capacity of urban ecological resources and encourage sustainable production practices in cities within the Yangtze River Basin.