bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Realizing Quantum Technologies in Nanomaterials and Nanoscience
Authors: Iyengar Sathvik Ajay , Puthirath Anand B. , Swaminathan Venkataraman
Published: February 2022

A brief overview of quantum materials and their prospects for applications, in the near, mid, and far‐term in the areas of quantum information science, spintronics, valleytronics, and twistronics and those involving topology are covered in this perspective. The material and processing challenges that will modulate the realism of the applications will be discussed as well.
Recent Advances of Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc‐Iodine Batteries: Challenges, Solutions, and Prospects
Authors: Lin Dun , Li Yat
Published: February 2022

Aqueous rechargeable zinc‐iodine batteries (ZIBs), including zinc‐iodine redox flow batteries and static ZIBs, are promising candidates for future grid‐scale electrochemical energy storage. They are safe with great theoretical capacity, high energy, and power density. Nevertheless, to make aqueous rechargeable ZIBs practically feasible, there are quite a few hurdles that need to be overcome, including self‐discharge, sluggish kinetics, low energy density, and instability of Zn metal anodes. This article first reviews the electrochemistry in aqueous rechargeable ZIBs, including the flow and static battery configurations and their electrode reactions. Then the authors discuss the fundamental questions of ZIBs and highlight the key strategies and recent accomplishments in tackling the challenges. Last, they share their thoughts on the future research development in aqueous rechargeable ZIBs.
Melamine Foam with pH‐Responsive Wettability for Fast Oil Absorption and Desorption
Authors: Ma Junjun , Xie Yangchun , Yang Tao , He Xiaohua
Published: February 2022

Innovative 3D materials with the switchable wetting surface attract significant attention due to their application in oil/water separation. Herein, a fast pH‐responsive and highly effective melamine foam (MF) grafted with poly (2‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) is prepared by surface‐initiated chain transfer radical polymerization. The as‐prepared MF displays superhydrophilic and superoleophobic surface in strong acid solution while it becomes superhydrophobic in neutral or basic solution. Therefore, it can be rapid to selectively absorb different types of oils from the oil–water mixture with a great absorption capacity of 54–117 g g−1 and automatically desorb oil in less than 60 s with a desorption efficiency of 99% (dichloromethane) in acid solution. Moreover, the as‐prepared MF possesses excellent recyclability, and the absorption capacity and the desorption efficiency are almost unchanged after 15 cycles. The pH‐sensitive MF with switchable wetting surfaces has great potential for the oily water separation.
Electrochemical Thin Film Deposition of Copper(I) Halides in Aqueous Solution: Substrate Extension and Structure Transformation
Authors: Xu Si‐Yu , Wu Ya‐Nan , Chen Bi‐Cui , Huang Pei‐Wen , Zhang Zhi‐Zhuan , Zhong Yu , Zhao Yi , Huang Xiao‐Ying , Du Ke‐Zhao
Published: February 2022

In this paper, a green and simple electrochemical method is developed that can directly deposit thin films of [CuX(pyz)]n and [Cu2X2(pyz)]n (X = Cl, Br, I; pyz = pyrazine) in aqueous solution. This method can overcome the thermodynamical instability of Cu(I) and the poor solubility of hybrid organic–copper(I) halides. By heating in different atmospheres, the single‐crystal transformation between [CuX(pyz)]n and [Cu2X2(pyz)]n can be realized with luminescent switching, which is used for information encryption and encoding. More importantly, the corresponding thin film can be deposited on various substrates leading to flexible light‐emitting and photoelectric devices.
Cdyl Deficiency Brakes Neuronal Excitability and Nociception through Promoting Kcnb1 Transcription in Peripheral Sensory Neurons
Authors: Sun Zhao‐Wei , Waybright Jarod M. , Beldar Serap , Chen Lu , Foley Caroline A. , Norris‐Drouin Jacqueline L. , Lyu Tian‐Jie , Dong Aiping , Min Jinrong , Wang Yu‐Pu , James Lindsey I. , Wang Yun
Published: February 2022

Epigenetic modifications are involved in the onset, development, and maintenance of pain; however, the precise epigenetic mechanism underlying pain regulation remains elusive. Here it is reported that the epigenetic factor chromodomain Y‐like (CDYL) is crucial for pain processing. Selective knockout of CDYL in sensory neurons results in decreased neuronal excitability and nociception. Moreover, CDYL facilitates histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) deposition at the Kcnb1 intron region thus silencing voltage‐gated potassium channel (Kv) subfamily member Kv2.1 transcription. Loss function of CDYL enhances total Kv and Kv2.1 current density in dorsal root ganglia and knockdown of Kv2.1 reverses the pain‐related phenotypes of Cdyl deficiency mice. Furthermore, focal administration of a novel potent CDYL antagonist blunts nociception and attenuates neuropathic pain. These findings reveal that CDYL is a critical regulator of pain sensation and shed light on the development of novel analgesics targeting epigenetic mechanisms.
Metal–Organic Polyhedra as Building Blocks for Porous Extended Networks
Authors: Khobotov‐Bakishev Akim , Hernández‐López Laura , von Baeckmann Cornelia , Albalad Jorge , Carné‐Sánchez Arnau , Maspoch Daniel
Published: February 2022

Metal–organic polyhedra (MOPs) are a subclass of coordination cages that can adsorb and host species in solution and are permanently porous in solid‐state. These characteristics, together with the recent development of their orthogonal surface chemistry and the assembly of more stable cages, have awakened the latent potential of MOPs to be used as building blocks for the synthesis of extended porous networks. This review article focuses on exploring the key developments that make the extension of MOPs possible, highlighting the most remarkable examples of MOP‐based soft materials and crystalline extended frameworks. Finally, the article ventures to offer future perspectives on the exploitation of MOPs in fields that still remain ripe toward the use of such unorthodox molecular porous platforms.
Looking beyond history: tracing the dispersal of the Malaysian complex of crops to Africa
Authors: Grimaldi Ilaria M. , Van Andel Tinde R. , Denham Tim P.
Published: February 2022

In his 1959 book, Africa: Its Peoples and Their Culture History, George P. Murdock suggested that a Malaysian complex of crops dispersed to Africa in ancient times across the Indian Ocean along the Sabaean Lane. The Malaysian complex comprised bananas, sugarcane, taro, three yam species, rice, Polynesian arrowroot, breadfruit, coconut, areca palm, and betel leaf. Except for rice, arrowroot, and potentially taro, most of these crops were domesticated in the Island Southeast Asia‐New Guinea region, from where they dispersed to Africa. Our reassessment of agronomic, archaeological, classical, genetic, and historical sources shows that we need to go beneath standard historical narratives to recover a much more ancient and complex history of crop introductions to Africa. Despite considerable uncertainty and fragmented research, we were able to conclude that the Malaysian complex of crops did not arrive in Africa as a complete assemblage at one time or along one route. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that these crops arrived in Africa at different times and followed different pathways of introduction to the continent.
Phosphorogenic Iridium(III) bis‐Tetrazine Complexes for Bioorthogonal Peptide Stapling, Bioimaging, Photocytotoxic Applications, and the Construction of Nanosized Hydrogels
Authors: Yip Alex Man‐Hei , Lai Calvin Kin‐Ho , Yiu Ken Shek‐Man , Lo Kenneth Kam‐Wing
Published: February 2022

The dual functionality of 1,2,4,5‐tetrazine as a bioorthogonal reactive unit and a luminescence quencher has shaped tetrazine‐based probes as attractive candidates for luminogenic labeling of biomolecules in living systems. In this work, three cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes featuring two tetrazine units were synthesized and characterized. Upon photoexcitation, the complexes were non‐emissive but displayed up to 3900‐fold emission enhancement upon the inverse electron‐demand Diels–Alder (IEDDA) [4+2] cycloaddition with (1R,8S,9s)‐bicyclo[6.1.0]non‐4‐yne (BCN) substrates. The rapid reaction kinetics (k2 up to 1.47×104 M−1 s−1) of the complexes toward BCN substrates allowed effective peptide labeling. The complexes were also applied as live cell bioimaging reagents and photocytotoxic agents. One of the complexes was utilized in the preparation of luminescent nanosized hydrogels that exhibited interesting cargo delivery properties.
Tuning the High‐Pressure Phase Behaviour of Highly Compressible Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks: From Discontinuous to Continuous Pore Closure by Linker Substitution
Authors: Song Jianbo , Pallach Roman , Frentzel‐Beyme Louis , Kolodzeiski Pascal , Kieslich Gregor , Vervoorts Pia , Hobday Claire L. , Henke Sebastian
Published: February 2022

The high‐pressure behaviour of flexible zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) of the ZIF‐62 family with the chemical composition M(im)2−x(bim)xis presented (M2+=Zn2+, Co2+; im−=imidazolate; bim−=benzimidazolate, 0.02≤x≤0.37). High‐pressure powder X‐ray diffraction shows that the materials contract reversibly from an open pore (op) to a closed pore (cp) phase under a hydrostatic pressure of up to 4000 bar. Sequentially increasing the bim−fraction (x) reinforces the framework, leading to an increased threshold pressure for theop‐to‐cpphase transition, while the total volume contraction across the transition decreases. Most importantly, the typical discontinuousop‐to‐cptransition (first order) changes to an unusual continuous transition (second order) forx≥0.35. This allows finetuning of the void volume and the pore size of the material continuously by adjusting the pressure, thus opening new possibilities for MOFs in pressure‐switchable devices, membranes, and actuators.
Advancing the circular economy through dynamic capabilities and extended customer engagement: Insights from small sustainable fashion enterprises in the UK
Authors: Elf Patrick , Werner Andrea , Black Sandy
Published: February 2022

The circular economy holds the potential to significantly reduce resource use. However, attempts to fully utilize its potential have fallen short so far. Based on a longitudinal interview‐based study, we examine how micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the UK fashion industry advance the circular economy (CE). Whereas the dynamic capabilities framework is mostly used for medium and large businesses, our findings advance the current literature, demonstrating how the distinctive development and use of dynamic capabilities enable MSMEs to act in agile ways, allowing them to introduce, test and advance CE solutions, while providing them with more resilience during times of crises. Our study further shows that fashion MSMEs adopt circular economy business models (CEBMs) by going beyond conventional, technology‐focused approaches currently dominating business thinking. The research highlights MSMEs' ability to engage in circular practices through an extension of existing business models in the form of close interactions with their customers demonstrating the importance and potential of extended business‐customer engagement in businesses' attempts to adopt CE practices.
Hemodynamic variation is a dominant contributing factor of Graves' hyperthyroidism complication: Heart failure and fatal liver dysfunction, a case report and analysis
Authors: Li Zhiyuan , Wang Jinjing , Zeng Jing , Xue Jian , Li Xinyu , Su Jianbing , Fang Yi
Published: February 2022

Tachycardia and atrial fibrillation, early symptoms of hyperthyroidism indicate significant hemodynamic variation in cardiovascular system, if left untreated and further deterioration in hemodynamics can result in chronic heart failure and liver dysfunction even a fatal event. We describe a female patient of Graves' hyperthyroidism to present the continuum of the pathophysiology development of the disease, to highlight the hemodynamic variation is a dominant contributing factor of Graves' hyperthyroidism complication, we wish to emphasize cardiac manifestations in the setting of thyrotoxicosis should be treated promptly and aggressively.
Multivesicular hepatic human hydatid cyst from Iran: First genotyping‐based confirmation
Authors: Soleymani Eissa , Sayyadi Sohrab , Pazoki Hossein , Fakhar Mahdi , Banimostafavi Elham Sadat , Kolivand Mohsen , Davoodi Lotfollah , Soleymani Mostafa
Published: February 2022

Cystic echinococcosis is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic diseases caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. To date, the genotype of multivesicular CE has not been identified. In this regard, the genotyping of multivesicular types of CE could help clinicians understand and manage the disease effectively.
Beating pulmonary vein sign during catheter ablation
Authors: Ishida Shinichi , Takemoto Yoshio , Yamase Yuichiro , Yagami Kei
Published: February 2022

The beating of a pulmonary vein during cardiac catheterization is a rare phenomenon caused by the heart beating through the pericardial effusion when a cardiac tamponade occurs. This “beating pulmonary vein” sign is useful for early detection of a tamponade before circulatory collapse occurs.
Carcinoma en cuirasse associated with zosteriform metastasis in breast adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ghannem Azza , Frioui Refka , Tabka Mariam , Sriha Badreddine , Belajouza Colandane , Denguezli Mohamed
Published: February 2022

Breast cancer is the first cancer associated with cutaneous metastasis (CM). The clinical presentation of these metastases is comprehensive. We report an original case of carcinoma en cuirasse associated with zosteriform metastasis that indicates the development of contralateral breast cancer.
Engineering of Cation Occupancy of CoFe2O4 Oxidation Catalysts by Nanosecond, Single‐Pulse Laser Excitation in Water
Authors: Zerebecki Swen , Salamon Soma , Landers Joachim , Yang Yuke , Tong Yujin , Budiyanto Eko , Waffel Daniel , Dreyer Maik , Saddeler Sascha , Kox Tim , Kenmoe Stephane , Spohr Eckhard , Schulz Stephan , Behrens Malte , Muhler Martin , Tüysüz Harun , Kramer Campen R. , Wende Heiko , Reichenberger Sven , Barcikowski Stephan
Published: February 2022

Due to the variability of the cation occupancy of octahedral and tetrahedral sites, spinel ferrites and cobaltites are particularly interesting to investigate activity trends in oxidation catalysis. Yet, the preparation of the respective catalyst series remains challenging. We employed pulsed laser defect engineering of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles in water to gradually alter the cation occupancy of octahedral and tetrahedral sites by single laser pulses and study its effect on cinnamyl alcohol oxidation. Three CoFe2O4 catalysts from different synthesis methods resembling different initial site occupancy were chosen as starting materials. The laser‐induced randomization of the cation occupancy was verified by Mössbauer spectroscopy and linearly correlated with the conversion of cinnamyl alcohol while the size and Co : Fe ratio was maintained during laser processing. The study solidifies the importance of octahedral Co3+‐sites and the feasibility of pulsed laser processing for altering the cation occupancy and related crystallographic defect density in oxidation catalysis.
MOF Encapsulated AuPt Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Improved Plasmonic‐induced Photothermal Catalysis of CO2 Hydrogenation
Authors: Wang Yaqin , Zhang Xibo , Chang Kuan , Zhao Zhiying , Huang Jiayu , Kuang Qin
Published: February 2022

Exploring new catalytic strategies for achieving efficient CO2 hydrogenation under mild conditions is of great significance for environmental remediation. Herein, a composite photocatalyst Zr‐based MOF encapsulated plasmonic AuPt alloy nanoparticles (AuPt@UiO‐66‐NH2) was successfully constructed for the efficient photothermal catalysis of CO2 hydrogenation. Under light irradiation at 150 °C, AuPt@UiO‐66‐NH2 achieved a CO production rate of 1451 μmol gmetal−1 h−1 with 91 % selectivity, which far exceeded those obtained by Au@Pt@UiO‐66‐NH2 with Pt shell on Au (599 μmol gmetal−1 h−1) and Au@UiO‐66‐NH2 (218 μmol gmetal−1 h−1). The outstanding performances of AuPt@UiO‐66‐NH2 were attributed to the synergetic effect originating from the plasmonic metal Au, doped active metal Pt, and encapsulation structure of UiO‐66‐NH2 shell. This work provides a new way for photothermal catalysis of CO2 and a reference for the design of high‐performance plasmonic catalysts.
Improving diagnosis and risk stratification across the ejection fraction spectrum: the Maastricht Cardiomyopathy registry
Authors: Henkens Michiel T.H.M. , Weerts Jerremy , Verdonschot Job A.J. , Raafs Anne G. , Stroeks Sophia , Sikking Maurits A. , Amin Hesam , Mourmans Sanne G.J. , Geraeds Chrit B.G. , Sanders‐van Wijk Sandra , Barandiarán Aizpurua Arantxa , Uszko‐Lencer Nicole H.M.K. , Krapels Ingrid P.C. , Wolffs Petra F.G. , Brunner Han G. , van Leeuwen Rick E.W. , Verhesen Wouter , Schalla Simon M. , van Stipdonk Antonius W.M. , Knackstedt Christian , Li Xiaofei , Abdul Hamid Myrurgia A. , van Paassen Pieter , Hazebroek Mark R. , Vernooy Kevin , Brunner‐La Rocca Hans‐Peter , van Empel Vanessa P.M. , Heymans Stephane R.B.
Published: February 2022

Aims

Heart failure (HF) represents a clinical syndrome resulting from different aetiologies and degrees of heart diseases. Among these, a key role is played by primary heart muscle disease (cardiomyopathies), which are the combination of multifactorial environmental insults in the presence or absence of a known genetic predisposition. The aim of the Maastricht Cardiomyopathy registry (mCMP‐registry; NCT04976348) is to improve (early) diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of cardiomyopathy phenotypes beyond the limits of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Methods and results

The mCMP‐registry is an investigator‐initiated prospective registry including patient characteristics, diagnostic measurements performed as part of routine clinical care, treatment information, sequential biobanking, quality of life and economic impact assessment, and regular follow‐up. All subjects aged ≥16 years referred to the cardiology department of the Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+) for HF‐like symptoms or cardiac screening for cardiomyopathies are eligible for inclusion, irrespective of phenotype or underlying causes. Informed consented subjects will be followed up for 15 years. Two central approaches will be used to answer the research questions related to the aims of this registry: (i) a data‐driven approach to predict clinical outcome and response to therapy and to identify clusters of patients who share underlying pathophysiological processes; and (ii) a hypothesis‐driven approach in which clinical parameters are tested for their (incremental) diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic value. The study allows other centres to easily join this initiative, which will further boost research within this field.

Conclusions

The broad inclusion criteria, systematic routine clinical care data‐collection, extensive study‐related data‐collection, sequential biobanking, and multi‐disciplinary approach gives the mCMP‐registry a unique opportunity to improve diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of HF and (early) cardiomyopathy phenotypes beyond the LVEF limits.
Early risk stratification in patients with cardiogenic shock irrespective of the underlying cause – the Cardiogenic Shock Score
Authors: Beer Benedikt N. , Jentzer Jacob C. , Weimann Jessica , Dabboura Salim , Yan Isabell , Sundermeyer Jonas , Kirchhof Paulus , Blankenberg Stefan , Schrage Benedikt , Westermann Dirk
Published: February 2022

Aims

Early risk stratification is essential to guide treatment in cardiogenic shock (CS). Existing CS risk scores were derived in selected cohorts, without accounting for the heterogeneity of CS. The aim of this study was to develop a universal risk score (the Cardiogenic Shock Score, CSS) for all CS patients, irrespective of the underlying cause.

Methods and results

Within a registry of 1308 CS unselected patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital between 2009 and 2019, a Cox regression model was fitted to derive the CSS, with 30‐day mortality as main outcome. The CSS's predictive ability was compared to the IABP‐SHOCK II score, the CardShock score and SCAI classification by C‐indices and validated in an external cohort of 934 CS patients. Based on the Cox regression, nine predictors were included in the CSS: age, sex, acute myocardial infarction (AMI‐CS), systolic blood pressure, heart rate, pH, lactate, glucose and cardiac arrest. The CSS had the highest C‐index in the overall cohort (0.740 vs. 0.677/0.683 for IABP‐SHOCK II score/CardShock score), in patients with AMI‐CS (0.738 vs. 0.675/0.689 for IABP‐SHOCK II score/CardShock score) and in patients with non‐AMI‐CS (0.734 vs. 0.677/0.669 for IABP‐SHOCK II score/CardShock score). In the external validation cohort, the CSS had a C‐index of 0.73, which was higher than all other tested scores.

Conclusion

The CSS provides improved information on the risk of death in unselected patients with CS compared to existing scores, irrespective of its cause. Because it is based on point‐of‐care variables which can be obtained even in critical situations, the CSS has the potential to guide treatment decisions in CS.
Different domains of identity predict different exit strategies
Authors: Wagoner Joseph A. , Rinnela Mark J. , Barreto Nicolas B. , Turjacanin Vladimir , Blaylock Danielle L.
Published: February 2022

Group schisms are ubiquitous, but little is known about what predicts how people will break away from a group. We hypothesized that different domains of identification (national, regional, ethnonational) would predict support for different types of exit. Study 1 focused on Serbs in the Republic of Srpska within Bosnia‐and‐Herzegovina (N = 188), while Studies 2 (N = 115) and 3 (N = 318) focused on people who identify as Irish in Northern Ireland within the United Kingdom. Across all three studies, weaker national identification predicted support for subgroup exit. Stronger ethnonational identification consistently predicted support for the subgroup joining an existing group, while regional identification had differing relationships with support for the subgroup becoming an independent entity across the samples. Individual exit intentions were predicted by different domains of identification across the three samples. These findings suggest that various domains of identification can predict how people will leave a group.
First record of late Carboniferous palynoassemblage from Ganmachidam Formation, Spiti Valley: Implications for age assessment and extent of Glossopterid elements in the Tethyan realm
Authors: Gupta Suyash , Saxena Anju , Shabbar Husain , Murthy Srikanta , Singh Kamal Jeet , Bali Rameshwar
Published: February 2022

The present work elucidates miofloral records from the Ganmachidam Formation (late Carboniferous–earliest Permian) of Spiti Valley, Tethyan Himalaya. The Ganmachidam Formation was hitherto considered as unfossiliferous, both for the faunal as well as floral records, and has been subjected to contentious age assessment. The present study has been carried out to find out the microfloral remains, assess the palynostratigraphic status, and the age of the Ganmachidam Formation. From the splintery shale sequence, a rich assemblage of palynomorphs has been recovered, having a dominance of monosaccate pollen grains, namely Parasaccites (Cannanoropollis), Crucisaccites, Divarisaccus, Densipollenites, Maculatasporites, followed by diverse bisaccate pollen grains, namely Scheuringipollenites, Crescentipollenites, Faunipollenites (Protohaploxypinus), Lunatisporites, Striatopodocarpites, Striatites, Rhizomaspora, Primuspollenites, and the spores Callumispora (Punctatisporites) and Calamospora in addition to woody fragments and fungal spores. Three palynoassemblages are identified. The recovered palynocomposition is corroborated with known records of palynomorphs from the Tethyan realm of India and from the late Carboniferous–Early Permian records of contemporaneous sequences across the globe. The composition of these palynoassemblages shows close correlation with the Crucisaccites monoletus Zone and Vittatina costabilis Interval Zone in the northeastern area of the Paraná Basin, Brazil, and lower Barakar palynozone (Scheuringipollenites barakarensis Assemblage Zone) of Peninsular India which indicates the studied section of the Ganmachidam Formation is late Pennsylvanian to early Permian in age. Moreover, occurrences of palynomorphs from the Carboniferous sequences having a glossopterid affinity further strengthen the idea that glossopterids might have originated in Carboniferous time.
Prognostic significance of IKZF1 deletions and IKZF1plus profile in children with B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated according to the ALL‐IC BFM 2009 protocol
Authors: Braun Marcin , Pastorczak Agata , Sędek Łukasz , Taha Joanna , Madzio Joanna , Jatczak‐Pawlik Izabela , Wypyszczak Kamila , Matysiak Michał , Derwich Katarzyna , Lejman Monika , Kazanowska Bernarda , Szczepański Tomasz , Kowalczyk Jerzy R. , Mlynarski Wojciech ,   the Polish Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group
Published: February 2022

The strongest predictors of outcome in pediatric B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP‐ALL) are minimal residual disease (MRD) and specific molecular abnormalities. One unfavorable prognostic factor is the presence of IKZF1 gene aberrations, particularly when co‐occurring with high MRD level at the end of induction treatment. The present study determines the predictive value of a recently‐defined IKZF1‐plus (IKZF1plus) microdeletion profile in 373 children with BCP‐ALL treated according to the ALL‐intercontinental Berlin‐Frankfurt‐Munster protocol 2009 protocol. IKZF1‐wild type (IKZF1wt) patients demonstrated lower leukemic burden parameters than those carrying IKZF1 deletion (IKZF1del [n = 26, 7.0%]) or IKZF1plus pattern (n = 34, 9.1%): (i) median blast percentage at diagnosis (78.0% vs. 86.9% vs. 86.0%; p = 0.021); (ii) median MRD level at day 15 of induction protocol (0.3% vs. 2.1% vs. 0.8%; p = 0.011); (iii) poor steroid response (7.6% vs. 26.5% vs. 12.5%; p = 0.010). Minimal residual disease level at day 33 (MRD33) exceeding 10−4 was more frequently observed in both the IKZF1del and IKZF1plus subgroups than in IKZF1wt patients (n = 9 [36.0%] vs. n = 13 [41.9%] vs. n = 70 [24.0%], p = 0.051). IKZF1plus individuals showed a tendency for a lower MRD reduction between day 15 and 33 compared to IKZF1del patients (p = 0.124). IKZF1del and IKZF1plus patients showed decreased relapse‐free survival (HR [95%CI] for IKZF1wt as reference = 2.72 [1.21–6.11] and 2.00 [0.87–4.49], respectively, p = 0.023). Both genetic markers including IKZF1del and IKZF1plus microdeletion profile provide additional predictive value of treatment outcome in childhood BCP‐ALL and may contribute to more efficient patient stratification; the same is true in MRD guided protocols, which are based on flow cytometric measurements on day 15 of induction protocol.
Likeability and perceived effectiveness of messages designed to encourage physical activity participation among older adults
Authors: Jongenelis Michelle I. , Jackson Ben , Newton Robert U. , Pettigrew Simone
Published: February 2022

Issue addressed

Older adults are significantly less likely than their younger counterparts to engage in physical activity. Comprehensive policies to support healthy ageing thus need to include components encouraging greater participation in physical activity in later life. This study tested potential messages for use in health communication campaigns aimed at increasing physical activity among older adults.

Methods

Twelve written messages designed to encourage older adults to increase their levels of physical activity were rated by Australians aged 60‐92 years (n = 369; 54% female) on the variables of likeability and perceived effectiveness.

Results

Ratings for all the tested messages were high across both outcome variables. The message Move more, live longer scored most favourably, with large majorities of participants liking this message (87%) and considering it effective (81%). Messages featuring rhyming or alliteration were rated significantly higher on both outcomes than messages without these attributes (all Ps < .001).

Conclusions

Results provide insights into the types of messages that are likely to be accepted by older adults. Statements that use the phonological patterns of rhyming or alliteration are likely to be especially well received.

So What?

Increasing participation in physical activity among older adults is critical to promoting the sustainability of health care systems and enhancing quality of life. The specific messaging attributes identified in the present study as being effective could be used by public health practitioners to inform their approach to physical activity messaging to older adults and incorporated into future health communication campaigns to increase their potential effectiveness with this target group.
Comparative analysis of 15 major reference evapotranspiration models based on weighing lysimeter measurements for two different grass species grown in three soil textures
Authors: Ahmadifar Vahdat , Delirhasannia Reza , Sadraddini Ali Ashraf
Published: February 2022

In this study, 15 models in the combination, radiation, and temperature‐based groups were evaluated for three consecutive years (2017–2019) with lysimetric measurements in a semi‐arid region of Iran. To investigate the effects of reference plant species and soil textures on the amounts of reference evapotranspiration (ET0), two grass species including Festuca arundianacea Schreb. and Lolium perenne in the three soil textures sandy loam, clay, and silt loam were planted in the weighing lysimeters. ET0 was affected by soil texture and grass species (p < .01). The highest amount of ET0 occurred in the clay soil and Festuca grass. Comparison of the models' results with Lolium grass lysimetric data showed that the minimum and maximum root mean square error (RMSE) values 1.27 and 3.5 mm d−1 were obtained for the Kimberly‐Penman‐1996 (KP) and DeBruin‐Keijman (DK) models, respectively. Regarding the Festuca grass lysimetric data, the minimum RMSE (1.36 mm d−1) was obtained for the KP and the maximum RMSE (3.6 mm d−1) for the DK model. Group comparison of models showed that the combination models performed better than the other groups' models. The estimated ET0 values by the models had a better match with the measured data of Lolium grass than those of the Festuca grass.
Determined Ag+ and Hg2+ by ethylenediamine perovskite or ethylenediamine perovskite/graphene oxide composite modified glassy carbon electrodes
Authors: Lei Longwen , Pan Yuxin , Dong Yanjie
Published: February 2022

An ethylenediamine perovskite material C2H4(NH3)2Pb2Br6NCs was designed and synthesized, and C2H4(NH3)2Pb2Br6NCs and C2H4(NH3)2Pb2Br6NCs/graphene oxide composite materials were used to modify glassy carbon electrodes. The cyclic voltammetry was used to determine metal ions; the results have shown good sensitivity and selectivity to Ag+ and Hg2+. In this paper, the optimizing experimental conditions are determined by investigating various control factors. This method was used to the determination of Ag+ concentration in wastewater samples from Tongling Nonferrous Metals Factory and Hg2+ concentration in water from Anqing Shitang Lake with a high recovery rate. The results are consistent with the results of inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer measurement.
Pediatric and Adult Placebo Response Rates in Placebo‐Controlled Clinical Trials Submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration 2012–2020
Authors: Park Kyunghun , Tran Ngan K. , Momper Jeremiah D. , Green Dionna J. , Burckart Gilbert J.
Published: February 2022

The use of placebo concurrent control (placebo‐controlled) is the most rigorous method of evaluating the safety and efficacy of investigational treatments. However, the use of a placebo group in pediatric product development can be challenging due to ethical considerations and potential differences in placebo response rates between adults and children. This study reports the US Food and Drug Administration's experience with placebo response rates in the pediatric population. Products studied under the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act and the Pediatric Research Equity Act between 2012 and 2020 were screened. Study characteristics including study type, primary efficacy endpoint(s), placebo response rates for the primary efficacy endpoint(s) and studied age range were collected. A total of 71 drug products used a placebo‐controlled trial. Of these, thirteen products had an identical study design and trial characteristics including the primary efficacy endpoints between pediatric and adult studies. Fifteen products were studied in trials with identical study design but only different primary efficacy endpoints in pediatric and adult populations. Ten products had combined adolescent and adult trials with separate pediatric trials in younger age groups. In each of these cases, the pediatric placebo response was greater, for some trials, and less, for other trials, than the adult placebo response. The pediatric placebo response can vary within an age group for a drug product. Future studies should examine the factors leading to a similarity or dissimilarity in placebo response between pediatric patients and adults.
Family Input for Quality and Safety (FIQS): Using mobile technology for in‐hospital reporting from families and patients
Authors: Bardach Naomi S. , Stotts Jim R. , Fiore Darren M. , Sarkar Urmimala , Sharma Anjana E. , Boscardin W. John , Avina Lizette , Peralta‐Neel Caroline , Rosenbluth Glenn
Published: February 2022

Objective

Despite three decades of effort, ensuring inpatient safety remains elusive. Patients and family members are a potential source of safety observations, but systems gathering these are limited. Our goal was to test a system to gather safety observations from hospitalized patients and their family members via a real‐time mobile health tool.

Methods

We developed a mobile‐responsive website for reporting safety observations. We piloted the tool during June 2017–April 2018 on the medical–surgical unit of a children's hospital. Participants were English‐speaking family members and patients ≥13 years. We sent a daily text with a website link. We assessed: (1) face validity by comparing observations to incident reporting (IR) criteria and to hospital IRs and (2) associations between the number of safety observations/100 patient‐days and participant characteristics using Poisson regression.

Results

We enrolled 235 patients (43.8% of 537 reviewed for eligibility), resulting in 8.15 safety reports/100 patient‐days, most frequently regarding medications (29% of reports) and communication (20% of reports). Fifty‐one (40% of 125) met IR criteria; only one (1.1%) had been reported via the IR system. Latinx participants submitted fewer observations than White participants (3.9 vs. 10.1, p = .002); participants with more prior hospitalizations submitted more observations (p < .001). In adjusted analyses, including measures of preference in decision making, and patient activation, the difference between Latinx and White participants diminished substantially (6.4 vs. 11.3, p = .16).

Conclusions

We demonstrated the feasibility of real‐time patient and family‐member technology‐enabled safety observation reporting and elicited reports not otherwise identified. Variation in reporting may potentially exacerbate disparities in safety if not addressed.
Collagenic architecture and morphotraits in a marine basal metazoan as a model for bioinspired applied research
Authors: Manconi Renata , Cubeddu Tiziana , Pronzato Roberto , Sanna Marina A. , Nieddu Gabriele , Gaino Elda , Stocchino Giacinta A.
Published: February 2022

In some Porifera (Demospongiae: Keratosa), prototypes of the connective system are almost exclusively based on collagenic networks. We studied the topographic distribution, spatial layout, microtraits, and/or morphogenesis of these collagenic structures in Ircinia retidermata (Dictyoceratida: Irciniidae). Analyses were carried out on a clonal strain from sustainable experimental mariculture by using light and scanning electron microscopy. Histology revealed new insights on the widely diversified and complex hierarchical assemblage of collagenic structures. Key evolutionary novelties in the organization of sponge connective system were found out. The aquiferous canals are shaped as corrugate‐like pipelines conferring plasticity to the water circulation system. Compact clusters of elongated cells are putatively involved in a nutrient transferring system. Knob‐ended filaments are characterized by a banding pattern and micro‐components. Ectosome and outer endosome districts are the active fibrogenetic areas, where exogenous material constitutes an axial condensation nucleus for the ensuing morphogenesis. The new data can be useful to understand not only the evolutionary novelties occurring in the target taxon but also the morpho‐functional significance of its adaptive collagenic anatomical traits. In addition, data may give insights on both marine collagen sustainable applied researches along with evolutionary and phylogenetic analyses, thus highlighting sponges as a key renewable source for inspired biomaterials. Therefore, we also promote bioresources sustainable exploitation with the aim to provide new donors of marine collagen, thereby supporting conservation of wild populations/species.
Storage duration and conditions change the phytate content and phytase activity of wheat grains
Authors: Schollenberger Margit , Sommerfeld Vera , Hartung Jens , Rodehutscord Markus
Published: February 2022

Background

The degree to which storage conditions and duration affect phytase activity and inositol phosphates (InsP) was evaluated in wheat. Three wheat cultivars were stored as whole or ground kernels at 20, 7, and −18°C for 13, 48, 118, 188, 265, and 349 days. Samples were analyzed for InsP3‐6 concentration and phytase activity.

Results

The InsP6 concentration of whole wheat kernels stored at −18 and 7°C did not differ from that at time point 0. Storage of whole kernels at 20°C significantly reduced the InsP6 concentration at days 48, 188, 265, and 349, by up to 8.4%. The InsP6 concentration of ground wheat samples was reduced by up to 23.6% until day 349. The lower InsP isomers Ins(1,2,3,4,5)P5 and Ins(1,2,4,5,6)P5 were detected only at a storage temperature of 20°C and at day 118 or later. Phytase activity did not change over time in ground kernels stored at −18 and +7°C but was decreased in ground kernels at 20°C and in whole kernels independent of temperature. Probable cultivar effects were found regarding phytase activity over time, dependent on grinding and storage temperature.

Conclusion

To avoid loss of InsP6 content, wheat samples should be stored as whole kernels at or below 7°C. Phytase activity is more stable in ground samples than in whole kernels. However, some cultivars likely are more prone than others to storage effects.
Perceptions of attractions, residents as “more knowledgeable others” and destination image: Evidence from two destinations
Authors: Stylidis Dimitrios , Woosnam Kyle Maurice , Kim Seongseop ( Sam)
Published: February 2022

Drawing on work on the “more knowledgeable other” (MKO) and the mere exposure theory (MET), this study envisaged that visitors' engagement and interaction with key informants, along with their perceptions of the attractions visited, affect their image of and satisfaction with the destination. Findings drawn from two studies indicate that interaction with MKOs and perceptions of attractions determine cognitive, affective, and conative image along with overall satisfaction. Events held in local attractions that promote visitors' interaction with MKOs are proposed for tourists to gain better insights to the place and its locals.
Surgery and Adjuvant Therapy Improve Derkay Scores in Adult and Pediatric Respiratory Papillomatosis
Authors: Hock Kiefer , Kennedy Aimee , Howell Rebecca , Friedman Aaron , de Alarcon Alessandro , Khosla Sid
Published: February 2022

Objectives/Hypothesis

Comparing Derkay anatomical score at time of procedure, disease characteristics, and mean treatment interval among adult and pediatric patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP).

Study Design

Restrospective study.

Methods

Retrospective review of juvenile‐onset (JO) and adult‐onset (AO) RRP patients treated longitudinally at pediatric and adult institutions from 1999 to 2019. Patients were included if they had a tissue diagnosis of papilloma and had at least a 12‐month follow‐up.

Results

One hundred and twelve patients met inclusion criteria (68 JO‐RRP and 44 AO‐RRP). All patients were stratified into either potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) (n = 42), CO2 (n = 21), or microdebrider (n = 49) treatment groups. The Derkay score improved between first and last procedure in the KTP group (mean difference, 3.5; P < .001), CO2 group (mean difference, 4.4; P < .001), and microdebrider group (mean difference, 4.1; P < .001), but overall improvement did not differ across groups (P = .73). Baseline mean to last mean Derkay score improved for nine patients during bevacizumab treatments (mean difference, 3.0; P = .01) but did not improve for these same patients during an interval prior to receiving bevacizumab treatments. Baseline mean to last mean Derkay score improved for 19 patients during cidofovir treatments (mean difference, 3.84; P < .001) but did not improve for these same patients during the interval prior to receiving cidofovir treatments. The AO‐RRP population had more patients with dysplasia (50%) compared to JO‐RRP population (10%) (P < .001).

Conclusion

Various surgical modalities appear to be equally effective treatments for RRP. Adult and pediatric patients have decreased recurrent disease burden when receiving bevacizumab or cidofovir. AO‐RRP patients have more concomitant dysplasia.

Level of Evidence

3 Laryngoscope, 132:2420–2426, 2022
Laser‐Triggered Interfacial Generation of ROS Promotes a Rapid Fabrication of Polydopamine Coating
Authors: Fang Yu , Wang Jing , Zou Ling‐Yun , Qian Hong‐Lin , Ren Ke‐Feng , Wang You‐Xiang , Ji Jian
Published: February 2022

Mussel‐inspired polydopamine (PDA) coating has been proved to be a universal surface modification strategy with remarkable versatility and active post‐modification ability. However, the traditional preparation of PDA coating shows low polymerization efficiency and alkaline environment dependency. Herein, a robust method to accelerate the in situ generation of PDA coating based on a photosensitizer entrapped substrate is reported. It is demonstrated that the chlorin e6 (Ce6)‐incorporated substrates induce sustained reactive oxygen species (ROS) production via laser irradiation at 660 nm, which dramatically promotes the preparation of PDA coating even in acidic conditions. The thickness of the PDA coating reaches over 4 nm with only 10 min irradiation (pH 6). Patterned PDA coatings can also be achieved by using a photomask. The functionality of this interfacial ROS‐induced PDA coating including photothermal ability and secondary modification ability is also verified. The obtained PDA coating realizes the reduction of Ag+ to Ag NPs, which shows excellent antibacterial ability. This interfacial ROS generation strategy offers a facile and efficient way to construct the PDA coating and expands the potential applications in the biomedical field.
Comprehensive variant calling from whole‐genome sequencing identifies a complex inversion that disrupts ZFPM2 in familial congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Nicholas Thomas J. , Al‐Sweel Najla , Farrell Andrew , Mao Rong , Bayrak‐Toydemir Pinar , Miller Christine E. , Bentley Dawn , Palmquist Rachel , Moore Barry , Hernandez Edgar J. , Cormier Michael J. , Fredrickson Eric , Noble Katherine , Rynearson Shawn , Holt Carson , Karren Mary Anne , Bonkowsky Joshua L. , Tristani‐Firouzi Martin , Yandell Mark , Marth Gabor , Quinlan Aaron R. , Brunelli Luca , Toydemir Reha M. , Shayota Brian J. , Carey John C. , Boyden Steven E. , Malone Jenkins Sabrina
Published: February 2022

Background

Genetic disorders contribute to significant morbidity and mortality in critically ill newborns. Despite advances in genome sequencing technologies, a majority of neonatal cases remain unsolved. Complex structural variants (SVs) often elude conventional genome sequencing variant calling pipelines and will explain a portion of these unsolved cases.

Methods

As part of the Utah NeoSeq project, we used a research‐based, rapid whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) protocol to investigate the genomic etiology for a newborn with a left‐sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and cardiac malformations, whose mother also had a history of CDH and atrial septal defect.

Results

Using both a novel, alignment‐free and traditional alignment‐based variant callers, we identified a maternally inherited complex SV on chromosome 8, consisting of an inversion flanked by deletions. This complex inversion, further confirmed using orthogonal molecular techniques, disrupts the ZFPM2 gene, which is associated with both CDH and various congenital heart defects.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that complex structural events, which often are unidentifiable or not reported by clinically validated testing procedures, can be discovered and accurately characterized with conventional, short‐read sequencing and underscore the utility of WGS as a first‐line diagnostic tool.
On relations among quadratic modules
Authors: Soylu Yılmaz Elis , Yılmaz Koray
Published: February 2022

Algebraic models of connected homotopy 3‐types such as quadratic modules, 2‐crossed modules, crossed squares, and their relations are studied in various ways. In this work, we obtain another natural equivalence for quadratic modules. That is, we define functors between quadratic modules and our candidate category.
A high‐performance empty substrate integrated waveguide filter with mixed electric and magnetic coupling
Authors: Qiang Jingxia , Xu Feng , Yang Ling , Liu Shui , Zhan Junlin , Li Min
Published: February 2022

An empty substrate integrated waveguide (ESIW) bandpass filter with enhanced electric and magnetic coupling is proposed in this letter. ESIW uses the air as dielectric in order to reduce the dielectric loss caused by usual medium materials. However, the existence of air cavities requires at least three layers of structure, which greatly increases the difficulty of designing complex circuits with high‐performance and multiple requirements. The proposed mixed coupling structure creates the finite transmission zeros based on ESIW technology for the first time, which makes it possible to realize complex high‐performance circuits with ESIW technology. Taking advantage of the multilayer structure of the ESIW, the proposed cross‐coupling is conveniently realized with higher frequency selectivity and lower insertion loss while maintaining the substrate of three layers and the self‐encapsulation characteristics of ESIW. A fourth‐order filter with an H‐shaped slot line on the top metal plane of two adjacent air cavities is produced. A good agreement between the measurements and simulations indicates that the proposed filter achieves an insertion loss as low as 0.7 dB and the 6.1% bandwidth at 9.85‐GHz X band. It demonstrates the improvement of insertion loss and frequency selectivity, which lays a foundation for the design of complex microwave devices.