bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associação do fluxo sanguíneo periférico e capacidade funcional em amputados de membro inferior
Authors: Goulart Cássia Da Luz , Dattein Peiter Ana Paula , Bugs Eichelberger Eduardo , Kniphoff da Silva Rafael , Ferreira da Silva Angela Cristina , Gonçalves da Silva Andréa Lúcia
Published: October 2016

Justificativa e Objetivo: A alteração do fluxo sanguíneo periférico (FSP) é fator de risco para diminuição da atividade física e amputação de membro inferior (MI). Avaliar a associação entre o FSP e a capacidade funcional de amputados traumáticos e não traumáticos de MI. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 15 amputados de MI, usuários do Serviço de Reabilitação Física. Os pacientes foram avaliados pelo Índice Tornozelo Braquial (ITB), em decúbito dorsal, utilizando-se um esfigmomanômetro em membros superiores e MI preservado, para aferição da pressão arterial sistólica (com doppler vascular portátil) e cálculo do ITB. O Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) foi utilizado para avaliar atividades de vida diárias. Os pacientes foram alocados em dois grupos de amputados: não traumática (GAnT=6) e traumática (GAT=9). A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste t de Student e correlação de Spearman para verificar associação entre as variáveis. Resultados: GAnT demonstrou predominância de amputação à esquerdo (n=3), mulheres (n=4), idade média 59,0±17,4 anos, Índice de Massa Corporal- IMC 35,5±7,3 Kg/m², DASI: 20,7±10,5 e classificação do ITB em normal (n=4) e DAP (n=2). No GAT houve predominância de amputação à esquerdo (n=7), homens (n=9), idade 50,4±17,4 anos, IMC 24,8±5,1 Kg/m², DASI: 24,2±8,1 e classificação do ITB em normal (n=8) e ITB limítrofe (n=1). O ITB geral diferiu significativamente entre GAnT e GAT [0,93±0,17 vs 1,11±0,12,p=0,03] e houve correlação positiva entre ITB e DASI no GAnT (r=0,85; p=0,03). Conclusão: GAnT apresentam valores reduzidos de ITB e pior fluxo sanguíneo periférico que interfere diretamente na sua capacidade funcional.
La salud colectiva en Brasil: analizando el proceso de institucionalización
Authors: Nunes Everardo Duarte
Published: October 2016

En este trabajo analizamos la construcción de una tipología de estudios sobre la salud colectiva y las principales características del proceso de su institucionalización en Brasil, en el que se plantean como antecedentes tres momentos: el proyecto preventivo, la medicina social y la salud colectiva. Se abordan las etapas de institucionalización, disciplinarización y profesionalización de la salud colectiva en Brasil. Dentro de la etapa de institucionalización se analizan la conectividad y la comunicación; la regularización de los discursos y las prácticas; la construcción de una identidad y de las acciones políticas, y su incorporación y legitimación. Concluimos que la trayectoria de la construcción de la salud colectiva está marcada por tres dimensiones: la teórico-crítica, la político-sanitaria y la pedagógica-profesional.
La importancia del cálculo de Ito en el proceso de pricing de los contratos futuros sobre commodities: algunos ejemplos con el cacao
Authors: Mejía Vega Carlos Armando
Published: October 2016

En este artículo se pone en evidencia la importancia que tiene el cálculo de Itô dentro del proceso de pricing de los contratos futuros que hacen parte de una clase de contratos futuros sobre commodities. En efecto, se muestra cómo resulta fundamental en los distintos tipos de modelos genéricos existentes: 1) los modelos de factores, 2) los modelos de forma reducida de equilibrio y 3) los modelos de forma reducida de no arbitraje. En cada caso, se realizará un ejemplo con algunos de los modelos más conocidos dentro de la literatura: el de Brennan y Schwartz (1985) para el caso de factores, y los de un factor y de dos factores de Schwartz (1997) para los de equilibrio y de no arbitraje respectivamente. Por último, los tres modelos se aplicarán a un commodity puntual: el cacao, y a una clase de contratos futuros sobre commodities específica: la London Cocoa Futures.
Oral Health‐Related Quality of Life Before and After Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity With Cyanoacrylate and Laser
Authors: Lima Thiago César , Vieira‐Barbosa Natália Maria , Grasielle de Sá Azevedo Camila , de Matos Fabiana Rodrigues , Douglas de Oliveira Dhelfeson Willya , de Oliveira Evandro Silveira , Ramos‐Jorge Maria Letícia , Gonçalves Patricia Furtado , Flecha Olga Dumont
Published: October 2016

Background: The aim of this longitudinal study is to verify changes in the oral health‐related quality of life of patients 180 days after treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH) with laser and cyanoacrylate.

Methods: This clinical, controlled, randomized, double‐masked trial used a split‐mouth design, and quadrants were randomized to receive either laser or cyanoacrylate treatments. All patients received both treatments. The study included 62 patients aged 12 to 60 years (mean: 31.4 years) in whom a total of 432 teeth were treated. Quadrants were randomly distributed into two groups: cyanoacrylate (n = 218 teeth) or laser (n = 216 teeth) treatment. DH was evaluated with air and cold stimuli at 24 hours, 30, 90, and 180 days after treatment. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐14) questionnaire was applied at baseline and 180 days after treatment.

Results: There were statistically significant differences in the following OHIP‐14 subscales before and after treatment: physical pain (P = 0.002), psychologic discomfort (P <0.001), psychologic disability (P = 0.003), social disability (P = 0.01), and total score (P <0.001). At the end of the study, 80.6% of participants reported an improvement in their condition.

Conclusion: There was a reduction in the impact of DH on the quality of life of study participants after interventions with laser and cyanoacrylate.
In Vitro Biofilm Formation on Titanium and Zirconia Implant Surfaces
Authors: Roehling Stefan , Astasov‐Frauenhoffer Monika , Hauser‐Gerspach Irmgard , Braissant Olivier , Woelfler Henriette , Waltimo Tuomas , Kniha Heinz , Gahlert Michael
Published: October 2016

Background: It has been hypothesized that zirconia might have a reduced bacterial adhesion compared with titanium; however, results from experimental studies are rather controversial. The aim of the present study is to compare biofilm formation on zirconia and titanium implant surfaces using an in vitro three‐species biofilm and human plaque samples.

Methods: Experimental disks made of titanium (Ti) or zirconia (ZrO2) with a machined (M) or a sandblasted (SLA) and acid‐etched (ZLA) surface topography were produced. An in vitro three‐species biofilm or human plaque samples were applied for bacterial adhesion to each type of disk, which after 72 hours of incubation was assessed using an anaerobic flow chamber model.

Results: Zirconia showed a statistically significant reduction in three‐species biofilm thickness compared with titanium (ZrO2‐M: 8.41 μm; ZrO2‐ZLA: 17.47 μm; Ti‐M: 13.12 μm; Ti‐SLA: 21.97 μm); however, no differences were found regarding three‐species‐biofilm mass and metabolism. Human plaque analysis showed optical density values of 0.06 and 0.08 for ZrO2‐M and ZrO2‐ZLA, and values of 0.1 and 0.13 for Ti‐M and Ti‐SLA, respectively; indicating a statistically significant reduction in human biofilm mass on zirconia compared with titanium. Additionally, zirconia revealed a statistically significant reduction in human plaque thickness (ZrO2‐M: 9.04 μm; ZrO2‐ZLA: 13.83 μm; Ti‐M: 13.42 μm; Ti‐SLA: 21.3 μm) but a similar human plaque metabolism compared with titanium.

Conclusion: Zirconia implant surfaces showed a statistically significant reduction in human plaque biofilm formation after 72 hours of incubation in an experimental anaerobic flow chamber model compared with titanium implant surfaces.
Mandibular Degree II Furcation Defects Treatment With Platelet‐Rich Fibrin and 1% Alendronate Gel Combination: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Kanoriya Dharmendra , Pradeep A.R. , Garg Vibhuti , Singhal Sandeep
Published: October 2016

Background: Different materials have been investigated for renewal of lost supporting periodontal structures and tested for furcation defect treatment. Platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) is a pool of growth‐promoting factors and cytokines that promote bone regeneration and maturation of soft tissue. Alendronate (ALN), an influential member of the bisphosphonate group, is known to enhance osteoblastogenesis and inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption, thus promoting tissue regeneration. This randomized trial was done to assess effectiveness of PRF and 1% ALN gel combination in mandibular degree II furcation defect treatment in comparison with PRF and access therapy alone.

Methods: Seventy‐two mandibular molar furcation defects were treated with either access therapy alone (group 1), access therapy with PRF (group 2), or access therapy with PRF and 1% ALN (group 3). Plaque index, modified sulcus bleeding index, probing depth (PD), relative vertical attachment level (RVAL) and relative horizontal attachment level (RHAL), and intrabony defect depth were recorded at baseline and 9 months postoperatively. Radiographically, defect fill, assessed in percentage, was evaluated at baseline, before surgery, and 9 months post‐therapy.

Results: Group 3 showed greater PD reduction and RVAL and RHAL gain when compared with groups 1 and 2 postoperatively. Moreover, group 3 sites showed a significantly greater percentage of radiographic defect fill (56.01% ± 2.64%) when compared with group 2 (49.43% ± 3.70%) and group 1 (10.25% ± 3.66%) at 9 months.

Conclusions: Furcation defect treatment with autologous PRF combined with 1% ALN gel results in significant therapeutic outcomes when compared with PRF and access therapy alone. Combining ALN with PRF has potential for regeneration of furcation defects without any adverse effect on healing process.
Peptide 19 of Porphyromonas gingivalis Heat Shock Protein Is a Potent Inducer of Low‐Density Lipoprotein Oxidation
Authors: Joo Ji‐Young , Cha Gil Sun , Chung Jin , Lee Ju‐Youn , Kim Sung‐Jo , Choi Jeomil
Published: October 2016

Background: Although periodontal pathogens show a strong association with development of atherosclerosis, little is known about how a microorganism contributes to disease onset and progression. Oxidation of low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) is a major risk factor of atherogenesis. The principal objective of this study is to evaluate the ability of peptide 19 (Pep19) of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) heat shock protein (HSP) as a potent inducer of LDL oxidation, and a secondary objective is to compare this ability with that of Pep19 from different bacteria.

Methods: HSP60, Pep14, and Pep19 from Pg and THP‐1 monocytes were cultured, and the extent of LDL oxidation induced by each peptide was evaluated by an assay for thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS). Pep19 and HSP60 from Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis were also cultured with THP‐1 monocytes and evaluated by the TBARS assay. After incubation of macrophages with LDL and peptides from Pg, Oil Red O staining was performed for examination of foam cells, macrophages that took up the oxidized LDL.

Results: Monocyte‐mediated native‐LDL oxidation under the influence of Pep19 or HSP60 from Pg was significantly stronger than oxidation induced by the counterpart Pep19 or HSP60 from C. pneumoniae or M. tuberculosis. Pep19 from Pg HSP60 showed a stronger ability to induce LDL oxidation than did Pep14 from Pg HSP60.

Conclusion: These results suggest Pep19 from Pg HSP60 has a distinct ability to induce native‐LDL oxidation as a plausible mechanism by which this peptide may drive epitope spreading to the neoantigen, i.e., oxidized LDL, in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Problem video game playing is related to emotional distress in adolescents
Authors: Gonzálvez María T. , Espada José P. , Tejeiro Ricardo
Published: October 2016

Problem use of video games is an increasing risk behaviour. High exposure of adolescents to video games has been linked to a variety of disorders, but the relationship between problem video game playing and emotional welfare is unknown. The aim of the study is to analyse problem video game playing in a sample of adolescents and to determine whether there are differences between online and offline players, in addition to examining its relationship with anxiety and depressive symptomatology. A sample of adolescents (N = 380) completed self-reports measuring video game use and symptoms of anxiety and depression. We found that 7.4% of females and 30% of males can be considered as playing at problem levels. Online players were almost 12 times more likely to play at high frequency than offline players (χ2 (1, 267) = 72.72, p < .001, OR = 11.63, 95% CI [6.31, 21.43]). Males play more frequently, and play more online (χ2 (1, 267) = 50.85, p < .001, OR = 6.74, 95% CI [3.90, 11.64]), with a clear relationship between problem video game playing and anxiety (r = .24; p < .001). In females, there is a relationship between problem video game playing and depression (r = .19; p < .05). Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the psychological variables involved in problem video game playing. The implementation of strategies is suggested in order to prevent pathological gaming and associated problems.
Ansiedad, depresión y deshabituación tabáquica.
Authors: Almadana Pacheco Virginia , Gómez-Bastero Fernández Ana Paulina , Valido Morales Agustín , Luque Crespo Estefanía , Monserrat Soledad , Montemayor Rubio Teodoro
Published: October 2016

Existe evidencia de la relación entre patología mental y tabaquismo y del mayor riesgo de sufrir un episodio depresivo al dejar de fumar, incluso con tratamientos específicos para la abstinencia. Objetivo: valorar la influencia de un programa de abandono del tabaco en el estado emocional de los pacientes mediante la medición de los niveles de ansiedad/depresión y las posibles diferencias en función de la presencia de antecedentes psiquiátricos. Método: estudio de cohortes observacional y prospectivo de pacientes que acudieron a dejar de fumar mediante programa combinado (farmacológico y cognitivo-conductual). Se midió ansiedad (A) y depresión (D) utilizando el cuestionario HADS al inicio, primer y tercer mes de abstinencia. Resultados: la ansiedad y la depresión presentaron mejoría significativa y progresiva a lo largo del tratamiento (A: basal 9,2±4,6; 1 mes 5,9±3,6; 3 meses 4,5±3,1; p
Deterioro cognitivo secundario a trastorno por uso de benzodiacepinas y su reversibilidad: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Fortea González Adriana , Oriolo Giovanni , Balcells Oliveró Mercedes , Sánchez del Valle Raquel , Castellvi Magda
Published: October 2016

El consumo crónico de benzodiacepinas es un hecho cada vez más frecuente en nuestro país a pesar de que la eficacia a largo plazo es escasa y los efectos adversos notables. Haciendo incapié en los efectos sobre la cognición, tema todavía en debate, presentamos un caso de deterioro cognitivo asociado a consumo crónico de hipno-sedantes benzodiacepínicos y la mejoría clínica y de las pruebas neuropsicológicas tras su retirada. Creemos así mismo necesaria la concienciación del personal sanitario para el empleo adecuado de dichos fármacos y así disminuir las consecuencias a largo plazo de los mismos y con ello mejorar la calidad de vida y funcionalidad de nuestros pacientes.
La legalización de los derivados del cannabis en España: Hipótesis sobre un potencial mercado emergente
Authors: Álvarez Arturo , Gamella Juan F. , Parra Iván
Published: October 2016

En este artículo se analiza en primer lugar las dimensiones que tiene el mercado de cannabis en España en base a los datos disponibles sobre la extensión del consumo y las pautas de uso de los consumidores. A continuación se repasan y comparan los costes de producción y distribución del cannabis en distintos regímenes de producción y diversas condiciones jurídicas. Se observa cómo los precios del cannabis al detalle en el mercado ilegal son bastante altos y podrían reducirse considerablemente si se legalizasen la producción y la comercialización. En tercer lugar, se examina la relación que hay entre los precios y el consumo a través del análisis de la elasticidad del precio de la demanda. Se pone de manifiesto cómo una caída de los precios probablemente resulte en un aumento tanto en el número de usuarios como en la cantidad total consumida por estos. Por último, se consideran distintas alternativas de fiscalización destinadas a contrarrestar la caída de precios de los derivados del cannabis, mostrando sus fortalezas y debilidades.
Synthesis and Structural Investigation of Nano-Sized Cadmium Ferrite
Authors: Shedam Rakesh M. , Gadkari Ashok B. , Mathad Shridhar N , Shedam Mahadev R.
Published: October 2016

This report presents the synthesis of cadmium ferrite (CdFe2O4) by Oxalate co-precipitation and its subsequent characterization by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. XRD results confirm the single cubic spinel phase formation with lattice parameter 8.7561Ao. An infrared spectroscopy study shows the presence of main two absorption bands indicating the presence of tetrahedral and octahedral group complexes, respectively, within the spinel lattice. We also report strain, hopping length (LA and LB) and dislocation density  of ferrite sample.
Marketing System of Fresh Friut and Vegetable: The Role of Modern and Wholesale Market in Jakarta and the Vicinity
Authors: Napitupulu Togar A.
Published: October 2016

Marketing system of fresh fruits and vegetable in the context of the rapidly growing dynamic markets in Jakarta and the vicinity was studied. Unstructured interviews and observations of key persons, and panels were conducted, primarily in three main wholesale markets in Jakarta and the vicinity and some supermarkets. It was found that the availability of management services and associated facilities are not yet fully compatible with modern markets. Their role, therefore, in catering to the supermarkets is limited, in particular for vegetables due to requirements on quality and delivery schedules. In general, supermarkets procure their supply directly from production centers through special/dedicated suppliers, which currently amounts to about 1% to 5% of total production from production centers. If policy and conducive economic incentive are available, wholesale markets are not only domain of public investment anymore, but also private investments alike. The newly established wholesale markets show that they now have a higher rate of utilization than in the years before. It is therefore for the local government and the central government to furthers devise conducive policy and regulatory measures, and for the private to take this opportunity in terms of investment in developing the economy of the region.
Analisis Keunggulan Bersaing Nissan di Indonesia
Authors: Sanny Lim
Published: October 2016

Automotive sales in Indonesia picked up sharply in 2010, and increase of prices does not lower the demand for automotive products. The large population of Indonesia and the low level of car ownership in the country suggest there is a lot of potential for expansion in the automotive industry. The aim of this research is to observe Nissan’s strategy in Indonesia to gain a spot in the top 10 of the best automotive seller in Indonesia. This research uses primary data with forecasting with monthly index to forecast the demand and to detect the selling target plans in 2010. Then, with combined porter five forces to determine the competitive strategy in the last 5 years.
Pengaruh Kapabilitas terhadap Keunggulan Kompetitif dan Dampaknya terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan pada PT Adi Cipta, Makassar
Authors: Budiastuti Dyah , Versia Versia
Published: October 2016

As a company which implements differentiation strategy, PT. Adi Cipta has achieved competitive advantage in using capabilities through implementing organization culture and quality management. But, for about last 5 years, the company’s performance seems to be stagnant and having no significant improvement. This research aims to analyze the effect of capability, which is Organization Culture and Quality Management, towards the Competitive Advantage and its effect to the company’s performance. Data are taken from observation result, questionnaire, and interview with company’s holder and the decision maker, which then be analyzed with regression method. The research result shows that Organization Culture and Quality Management affect on Competitive Advantage, which affects to the company’s performance.
Analisis Internal Perusahaan (Strength & Weakness), Menggunakan konsep ‘Resource-Based View of the Firm’ dengan Kerangka VRIO
Authors: Wandrial Son
Published: October 2016

Problems in the company's internal environmental analysis is to determine the strengths and weaknesses (internal resources), we did not have reasonable grounds to determine whether the company's internal resources as a strength or weakness. Before we can determine whether a resource can be categorized as strengths or weaknesses, we must have a certain criteria so that appropriate resources are said to be a strength or weakness
Analisis PPN Membangun Sendiri untuk Pengusaha Kena Pajak di Indonesia
Authors: Inasius Fany
Published: October 2016

Value-Added Tax (VAT) imposition on self build activity will be distinguished if it is provided by using contractor service. As the result, different VAT treatment on both transactions above has implication to whole company‘s profit. In fact, the implementation of this regulation was ineffective because Taxable Firm will easily run away from such disadvantageous regulation. This paper focuses on comparison between VAT imposition to Taxable Firm in the form of limited liability company for self build activity and equal treatment to buildingconstruction provided by contractor. In fact, from comparative and descriptive researches, it is found that equal treatment on VAT imposition for self construction by Taxable Firm will not reduce income tax earnings compared with using contractor service. On the contrary, VAT imposition for self build activity by Taxable Firm in the form of Limited Liability Company becomes ineffective. In the other sides, because VAT in by means of selfbuild activity that can not be credited it has implication to inefficiency that in turn will not conducive to business climates.
Evaluasi Ekstensifikasi dan Intensifikasi Pajak Serta Kontribusinya dalam Meningkatkan Penerimaan Pajak Penghasilan Orang Pribadi pada KPP Pratama Jakarta Tanah Abang Dua
Authors: Dewi Maya Safira , Maulida Mirza
Published: October 2016

In 2010, a number of efforts such as the safeguard mechanism has been implemented by the KPP Pratama Jakarta Tanah Abang Dua, one of the safeguard mechanism is an intensification of activity or potential tax starting from the unified tax mapping activities, benchmarking and profiling, with an analysis of the sectors found on the contribution of a region (eg county or city) or the sectors contained in the contribution of tax revenue a tax services office or regional office of the Directorate General of Taxes. Given the working area of KPP Pratama Jakarta Tanah Abang Dua are in the economic and strategic business centers and many residents which don’t have tax ID, provide more opportunity for KPP in capturing the public to serve the taxpayer by providing tax ID. But in actual KPP Pratama Jakarta Tanah Abang Dua should be able to read situations and anticipate the various circumstances that might be a problem in the smooth operation of extending the taxpayer, such as mutations in the population without changing the domicile of the candidate statements taxpayers of local authorities and social conditions change.
Analisis Pengaruh Rasio Camels terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Hidayatullah Hidayatullah , Febrianto Roby
Published: October 2016

This study aims to analyze the influence of CAMELS method of profit growth in banking companies listed on stock exchanges of Indonesia. The methodology this research is t use purposive sampling, namely by taking a sample of 20 from a total of 30 banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The type of data used are secondary data. Secondary data were obtained in the form of documentation of routine financial statements issued annually by competent parties contained in the Indonesia Capital Market Directory (ICMD) and the official site www.idx.co.id. This study tested the effect of CAR, NPLs, NIM, BO / PO, LDR, and the reserve requirement on profit growth at banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Techniques of data analysis in this study using multiple linear regression analysis. F test results indicate that the variable CAR, NPLs, NIM, BO / PO, LDR, and the reserve requirement is jointly significant effect on the variable income changes. While partially by t-test, indicates that the variable has positive and significant CAR, NPLs and no significant negative effect, NIM has positive and insignificant, BO / PO and a significant negative effect, LDR has positive and significant, negative effect and the reserve requirement no significant effect on bank profit growth. The results also showed an adjusted R2 value of 18.3%. The limitations of this study is the sample data and the year that is used relatively little. The results of this study is expected to be taken into consideration for management to predict the growth of bank earnings and improve overall performance by improving business efficiency and credit portfolio without ignoring the precautionary principle.
Antecedents dan Consequences dari Feedback-Seeking Orientation di Costa Crociere
Authors: Putranto Trias Septyoari
Published: October 2016

Cruise ship, as a home away from home place, which has a perisable product with the complex activity from their employees, certainly should have a potential character to keep sustainable in the service industry. To keep it sustainable, the management should have a good relationship with their employees and customers. In this research, a good relationship with the employee can be created by a good motivation, leadership, and it has an effect with the feedback. This condition can be seen by the employees’ job satisfaction. The management can drive a conductive working condition to help generate a good service climate. The research was undertaken in a cruise ship service industry in Italy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of employees’ motivation and leadership of feedback-seeking orientation and their job satisfaction. Sample was collected from 100 respondents, the employees’, with simple random sampling method, questionnaire, and an interview with the management. The collected data was analyzed with path analysis which using the statistic program LISREL 8.7 for Windows, and the questionnaire was adopted from Paswan (2005) and Chou (2002). The findings suggest that motivation and leadership have a significant effect on feedback-seeking orientation. Besides, feedbackseeking orientation also has a significant effect on job satisfaction.
Experiencia de familiares de enfermos con cáncer terminal respecto a las decisiones al final de la vida
Authors: Ordóñez Vázquez Norma Alicia , Monroy Nasr Zuraya
Published: October 2016

Introducción: La experiencia de los familiares que toman el rol de cuidadores primarios, en el proceso de una enfermedad terminal como el cáncer, proporciona información acerca de la toma de decisiones al final de la vida. El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer desde la experiencia del familiar del enfermo quién toma las decisiones al final de la vida y cómo afectan estas decisiones al enfermo si no se considera su autonomía.Método: Tipo de estudio: Investigación de corte cualitativo que parte del paradigma hermenéutico fenomenológico. Se aborda desde la postura fenomenológica porque esta permite conocer la percepción que tienen las personas del mundo en el cual viven y el significado que le dan. Además se centra en la experiencia de vida de las personas, en este caso en la experiencia de los familiares de enfermos terminales. Se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada. Participantes: Cuidadores primarios y familiares de enfermos con cáncer terminal que fueron atendidos en hospitales de la ciudad de México.Procedimiento: Se elaboró una guía de entrevista semiestructurada. Se realizaron 11 entrevistas de las cuales ocho formaron díadas cuidador/familiar. Las tres restantes se realizaron a cuidadores. Seis entrevistas se llevaron a cabo en un espacio de un hospital de tercer nivel y cinco en espacios públicos. Se utilizó el análisis temático y el método de van Manen.         Resultados: La experiencia de los familiares muestra por una parte que las decisiones fueron tomadas por el enfermo (plano autónomo), aunque existieron algunos casos en los que él no tomó la decisión, en el momento final, los familiares fueron los que tuvieron que asumir la responsabilidad de tomar decisiones, dependiendo de cómo se iba presentando el proceso de enfermedad (plano dependiente). Es importante resaltar que en los casos estudiados no siempre existió adecuada comunicación médico-paciente. Además, desde la perspectiva fenomenológica, se observó que las personas pudieron darse cuenta de su existencia y su mundo a partir de la enfermedad, como evento desestabilizador.Discusión o Conclusión: En este trabajo se observó que el respeto a la autonomía del enfermo es fundamental para la toma de decisiones al final de la vida. Si no cuenta el enfermo o la familia con la información acerca del diagnóstico y/o pronóstico, es muy difícil que puedan tomar decisiones y evitar una muerte con sufrimiento y malestar. Como diversas investigaciones lo han señalado, es necesario que el médico hable con los pacientes acerca de la situación en la que se encuentran para que puedan enfrentarse mejor a la enfermedad y prepararse para la muerte. En los casos que se estudiaron, existió poca o nula comunicación médico-paciente, por lo que hace falta mayor capacitación en esta área.
A comparative study of multiple linear regression, artificial neural network and support vector machine for the prediction of dissolved oxygen
Authors: Li Xue , Sha Jian , Wang Zhong-liang
Published: October 2016

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is an important indicator reflecting the healthy state of aquatic ecosystems. The balance between oxygen supply and consuming in the water body is significantly influenced by physical and chemical parameters. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of multiple linear regression (MLR), back propagation neural network (BPNN), and support vector machine (SVM) for the prediction of DO concentration based on multiple water quality parameters. The data set included 969 samples collected from rivers in China and the 16 predicted variables involved physical factors, nutrients, organic substances, and metal ions, which would affect the DO concentrations directly or indirectly by influencing the water–air exchange, the growth of water plants, and the lives of aquatic animals. The models optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm were calibrated and tested, with nearly 80% and 20% data, respectively. The results showed that the PSO-BPNN and PSO-SVM had better predicted performances than linear regression methods. All of the evaluated criteria, including coefficient of determination, mean squared error, and absolute relative errors suggested that the PSO-SVM model was superior to the MLR and PSO-BPNN for DO prediction in the rivers of China with limited knowledge of other information.
Hydro-climatic drivers of mid-winter break-up of river ice in western Canada and Alaska
Authors: Newton B. W. , Prowse T. D. , de Rham L. P.
Published: October 2016

The mid-winter break-up of a competent river ice cover can cause ice jamming and flooding, which can have profound impacts on the structure and strength of the ice cover. This research identifies 52 mid-winter break-up events in western Canada (1950–2008) and Alaska (1950–2014) and evaluates the hydro-climatic drivers including temperature and precipitation. The identified mid-winter break-up events are primarily located in the temperate zone, defined as the region between 400 and 1,000 winter (December–February) freezing degree-days. Further delineation by terrestrial biome revealed considerable variability in hydro-climatic triggers, particularly the role of freeze-thaw days (Tmax > 0 °C and Tmin < 0 °C) in Tundra and Boreal Forest/Taiga biomes and short-term (3-day) warming events in Temperate Coniferous Forests and Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands. The classification of 5-day sequences of mid-tropospheric circulation indicates that a persistent trough of low-pressure over Alaska and the North Pacific is the dominant pattern preceding mid-winter break-ups. Furthermore, the trough is stronger for events in British Columbia and Alberta compared with Alaska and the Yukon. The results of this research improve our understanding of the hydro-climatic conditions that generate mid-winter break-up events in western Canada and Alaska and will aid in the prediction and risk management of such events.
Spatio-temporal variation of water supply in Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Han Huiqing , Dong Yuxiang
Published: October 2016

Water supply is an important freshwater ecosystem service provided by ecosystems. Water shortages resulting from spatio-temporal heterogeneity of climate condition or human activities present serious problems in the Guizhou Province of southwest China. This study aimed to analyze the spatio-temporal changes of water supply service using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model, explore how climate and land-use changes impact water supply provision, and discuss the impact of parameters associated with climate and land-use in the InVEST model on water supply in the region. We used data and the model to forecast trends for the year 2030 and found that water supply has been declining in the region at the watershed scale since 1990. Climate and land-use change played important roles in affecting the water supply. Water supply was overwhelmingly driven by the reference evapotranspiration and annual average precipitation, while the plant evapotranspiration coefficients for each land-use type had a relatively small effect. The method for sensitivity analysis developed in this study allowed exploration of the relative importance of parameters in the InVEST water yield model. The Grain-for-Green project, afforestation, and urban expansion control should be accelerated in this region to protect the water supply.
Factors influencing the production of Hidrogen by fermentative processes
Authors: Poleto Liliane , Magrini Flaviane Eva , Beal Lademir Luiz , Paesi Suelen Osmarina
Published: October 2016

Abstract - Growing concern about finding suitable replacements for fossil fuels has encouraged the search for new clean energy production processes. Hydrogen has been highlighted as an ideal form of energy because this molecule does not contribute to the greenhouse effect and it possesses a high calorific value. The microbiological production of this gas is a process that can become sustainable from social, environmental and economic points of view once the microorganisms isolated from the environment can use agro-industrial wastes as substrate. Various microorganisms are described in the literature as producers of hydrogen from several types of substrates, especially species from the genera Clostridium and Enterobacter. However, various scientific factors and fermentation operating conditions that will steer the metabolic pathway to the production of hydrogen should be analyzed. The objective of this work is to contribute to the state of the art by reviewing recent studies involving the microbiological production of hydrogen and the main aspects involved in biotechnological process.
Inserción de las mujeres en el periodismo deportivo ecuatoriano
Authors: Loor María Alexandra Clavijo , Pozo Fernanda Elizabeth Tufiño
Published: October 2016

O presente artigo contem os resultados de um trabalho de pesquisa realizado durante 2014 e 2015 no qual analisamos a situação atual das mulheres que exercem atividades profissionais dentro do jornalismo esportivo equatoriano. Através de entrevistas individuais e grupais, com homens e mulheres que trabalham nesta área nos propusemos compreender as trajetórias e condições atuais de trabalho para as mulheres jornalistas esportivas dentro de transformações históricas nas quais influenciam diferentes fatores, destacamos entre eles, a existência de concepções machistas e a discriminação que ainda limitam o desenvolvimento da igualdade entre homens e mulheres na sociedade toda e especificamente no campo do jornalismo esportivo. Entre os principais resultados destacamos a trajetória de vida esportiva familiar, os apoios entre colegas e as oportunidades de exercício profissional, as exigências profissionais diferenciadas por gênero e os riscos de assédio âmbito do trabalho.
Centro de interpretação do pampa: estudo inicial sobre o fazer musical na comunidade do cerro da pólvora Jaguarão – RS
Authors: Oliveira Helena Beatriz Costa de , Oliveira Everton Fêrrêr de
Published: October 2016

O Centro de Interpretação do Pampa (CIP) é um Museu que será gerido pela UNIPAMPA e terá como objetivo realizar exposições, ter acervo museológico, área de auditório subterrânea, um anfiteatro, promoção da cultura local e da cultura do Pampa. Nesta pesquisa levantamos informações dos músicos instrumentistas que residem no entorno do CIP. Ainda não havia um levantamento sobre os músicos de Jaguarão. O objetivo da pesquisa foi verificar quais são as experiências e os conhecimentos desses músicos para identificarmos se eles estão aptos para apresentarem-se ou ministrarem cursos/oficinas no CIP. Em resultado identificamos que existem seis músicos instrumentistas no entorno do CIP, residentes a menos de cem metros do museu e moradores a mais de vinte anos no local. Quanto a experiência musical identificamos que todos tocam a mais de 20 anos e possuem um vasto conhecimento sobre seus instrumentos, porém não possuem educação formal musical. Analisando o tempo de prática e experiências instrumentais de cada um dos entrevistados consideramos que eles possuem capacidades plenas para ensinar o uso dos instrumentos que tocam e realizar apresentações no CIP.
Biorefinery of lignocellulosic biopolymers
Authors: Boneberg Bruna Steil , Machado Grazielle Dias , Santos Davi Friedrich , Gomes Fernando , Faria Douglas José , Gomes Leandro Augusto , Santos Fernando Almeida
Published: October 2016

Lignocellulosic biomass has been widely investigated as a natural renewable source of feedstocks to produce high value added products which can replace energy and materials obtained from non-renewable sources. Polymers are products largely employed in industry in many different applications, which nowadays are mostly produced from petrochemical derivatives, generating huge amounts of waste of difficult treatment prior to disposal. In order to replace these polymers derived from petroleum, efforts have been made in the development of biopolymers, in the biorefinery context, derived from biomass possessing physicochemical properties similar to those derived from petroleum so that they can successfully replace these materials. A review on the different types of biopolymers obtained from biomass, as polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, polyesters produced by plants and microorganisms, and other assorted biopolymers is accomplished. An evaluation of physicochemical properties and applications of different types of biopolymers is approached. It is also discussed about the degradability of biopolymers differentiating oxo-degradability and biodegradability. A brief historic background about biopolymers is also exposed.
A institucionalização da gestão de recursos hídricos na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio das Velhas, Minas Gerais, Brasil, sob a ótica democrática e participativa
Authors: Theodoro Hildelano Delanusse
Published: October 2016

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar os principais processos de gestão de recursos hídricos da bacia hidrográfica do do Rio das Velhas' a partir de uma perspectiva democrática e participativa, enfatizando os aspectos de participação, práticas diferenciadas e transparência. A discussão proposta tem como objetivo mostrar as diferenças entre os processos decisórios e a definição de uma agenda institucional sobre Rio das Velhas que, apesar de ser considerado uma dos mais importantes bacias hidrográficas no estado de Minas Gerais, seus processos de governança institucional ainda não são plenamente conhecidos. Para isso, uma análise triangular foi efetuada tendo em conta o seu aspecto teórico, pesquisa de campo e entrevistas individuais com lideranças, de acordo com o conceito de triangulação de métodos de pesquisa. Como principais conclusões deste trabalho, é importante ressaltar tanto as dificuldades para o Comitê da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio das Velhas consolidar um modelo de gestão democrática e participativa, como também a necessidade de autonomia para garantir ações institucionais próprias, em um cenários com fortes interesses estatais.
Raleio químico de floração com complemento de pós floração na macieira grupo ‘gala’
Authors: Petri José Luiz , Leite Gabriel Berenhauser , Francescatto Poliana , Gabardo Gentil Carneiro , Sezerino Andre Amarildo
Published: October 2016

O raleio químico da macieira tem sido considerado como o método mais eficiente para realizar esta prática, pois pode ser realizado no momento certo e em um curto período de tempo. Além disso, essa prática diminui os custos com mão de obra e traz efeitos positivos no retorno da floração. Com a suspensão do registro do Carbaryl, novas alternativas foram desenvolvidas visando o raleio químico da macieira em pós-floração, destacando-se o ANA (Ácido Naftaleno Acético), o Promalin® e mais recentemente a Benziladenina (BA). O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resposta da aplicação de raleantes químicos de floração com complemento de pós-floração, no raleio químico da macieira do grupo ‘Gala’, tendo-se utilizado o clone ‘Lisgala’. O experimento foi conduzido em pomar comercial localizado no município de Caçador, SC (26°50’S; 50°58’W; 947 m acima do nível do mar) na safra 2012/2013 e 2013/2014. Na ausência do Carbaryl, os produtos Promalin® e Maxcel® são alternativas no raleio químico de macieiras do grupo ‘Gala’, os quais proporcionaram um efetivo raleio em floração e pós floração, promovendo o aumento na massa fresca média dos frutos.
Diversidade sexual e homofobia na escola: (des)conhecimento e vivências de docentes
Authors: Souza Elaine De Jesus , Silva Joilson Pereira da , Santos Claudiene
Published: October 2016

A diversidade sexual que permeia a escola sofre inúmeros preconceitos e discriminações em decorrência da heteronormatividade. A carência de abordagem das temáticas sexualidade e gênero na formação docente dificulta a inclusão da diversidade sexual na escola e a desconstrução da homofobia. Essa pesquisa qualitativa objetivou analisar as concepções de educadores/as acerca da diversidade sexual e da homofobia na escola. Para tanto, empregou-se o método de análise de conteúdo categorial temática. Os resultados evidenciaram lacunas no conhecimento dos/as docentes acerca da diversidade sexual e das distintas faces da homofobia. Assim, salienta-se a imprescindibilidade de mudanças curriculares e ações pedagógicas que ampliem os conhecimentos dos/as educadores/as sobre essas temáticas.
Literatura infantil, relações de poder-saber e posições de sujeito no currículo do primeiro ano
Authors: Caldeira Maria Carolina Da Silva , Paraíso Marlucy Alves
Published: October 2016

Este artigo analisa, com base na perspectiva foucaultiana, os modos como a literatura aparece no currículo de uma turma de primeiro ano do ensino fundamental de Belo Horizonte/MG. Durante a investigação − que usou técnicas etnográficas de pesquisa e análise de discurso − foram constatados três usos para a literatura: introdução de algum conteúdo; ensino dos processos de interpretação de textos; trabalho com a diversidade cultural. Argumenta-se que, ao se trabalhar a literatura dessas três formas, ao mesmo tempo que se alcançam os objetivos estabelecidos, abrem-se possibilidades para que modos de ser menos disciplinados e mais transgressores apareçam nesse currículo.
Lei nº 903, de 12 de maio de 1884
Authors: Araujo Marta Maria
Published: October 2016

A propaganda dos poderes públicos visando auxiliar a iniciativa particular na manutenção de escolas noturnas concorreria para realizar o grande desideratum de expansão da educação escolar e haveria, como certo, o avanço no progresso da instrução pública. Por essa razão, mereceu especial atenção à Assembleia Legislativa do Rio Grande do Norte em autorizar uma subvenção anual para manutenção da escola noturna do Popular Instituto Literário de Ceará-Mirim com frequência de noventa e seis (96) alunos (Lei n° 903, de 12 de maio de 1884). Uma igual concessão seria permitida para quaisquer sociedades e particulares que fundarem escolas noturnas com frequência média de quarenta alunos.
Oxide Spallation During Post-isothermal High Temperature Oxidation Cooling of Cr-rich Cast Alloys Highly Alloyed with Hf
Authors: Conrath Elodie , Berthod Patrice
Published: October 2016

Cobalt, nickel and iron-based alloys containing 25wt.%Cr and strengthened either by chromium carbides or by HfC were oxidized at 1000, 1100 and 1200°C to obtain external oxide scales. The spallation of these oxides during the post-oxidation cooling was studied by exploiting the cooling part of the thermogravimetry curves. The best resistant alloys against scale spallation were the iron-based alloys which did not lose oxide. The nickel-based alloys well behaved too. The worst alloys were the cobalt alloys, principally due to the complex composition of the oxide scales. Beside the base element, the thickness of the oxide was also identified as a major parameter. The presence of Hf with contents much higher than usual was also beneficial for the resistance against spallation.
Comparative Experimental Study and FE Analysis of Corrugated Steel Pipe Culverts with Different Stiffness
Authors: Liu Baodong , Wang Zhen , Xu Weibo , Sun Haibo , Wang Xiaoxi
Published: October 2016

This paper describes comparative experiment on corrugated steel pipe culverts with different stiffness. The two culverts both with 1.2m span and 4m backfill height but with different corrugation pattern and plate thickness were constructed side by side. Displacement, strain and soil pressure at critical points were tested during construction. Two-dimensional (2D) finite element (FE) models were established and the computed values were compared with measured values to verify the effectiveness of FE models and the reasonability of the test. The study shows that the deformation trend is the same but the deformations of the flexible pipe were much larger. Only after the backfill finished and the soil-structure bear the load together the FE simulation could basically reflect the stress state of the structure due to the nonlinearity of soil and the complexity of soil-structure interaction. The larger deformation of the flexible pipe makes the soil-structure interaction obvious, which reduces the pressure of backfill soil on the structure. Therefore realities should be considered when choosing corrugation pattern and thickness of corrugated plates to optimize design and save construction cost.