bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning of COVID-19 Chest X-Rays: New Models or Fine Tuning?
Authors: Pham Tuan
Published: July 2020

Chest X-rays have been found to be very promising for assessing COVID-19 patients, especially for resolving emergency-department and urgent-care-center overcapacity. Deep-learning (DL) methods in artificial intelligence (AI) play a dominant role as high-performance classifiers in the detection of the disease using chest X-rays. While many new DL models have been being developed for this purpose, this study aimed to investigate the fine tuning of pretrained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for the classification of COVID-19 using chest X-rays. Three pretrained CNNs, which are AlexNet, GoogleNet, and SqueezeNet, were selected and fine-tuned without data augmentation to carry out 2-class and 3-class classification tasks using 3 public chest X-ray databases. In comparison with other recently developed DL models, the 3 pretrained CNNs achieved very high classification results in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1 score, and area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve. AlexNet, GoogleNet, and SqueezeNet require the least training time among pretrained DL models, but with suitable selection of training parameters, excellent classification results can be achieved without data augmentation by these networks. The findings contribute to the urgent need for harnessing the pandemic by facilitating the deployment of AI tools that are fully automated and readily available in the public domain for rapid implementation.
Apresentação
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo Fernandes de , Salatini Rafael
Published: July 2020

Apresentação dos Editores da Revista Brazilian Journal of International Relations, que pretende ser um espaço aberto, plural e transparente para a demonstração científica da dinâmica contemporânea das relações internacionais, e sobre esta segunda edição, a qual expressa exatamente esta perspectiva científica.  Introduction of the BJIR's editors, that intends to be an open space, plural and transparent to the contemporary dynamics of scientific demonstration of the international relations, and about this second issue, that express exactly this scientific perspective.
A política econômica e as estratégias de desenvolvimento do Governo Chávez: do capitalismo rentista ao socialismo rentista / Policy and Economic Development Strategies of Chavez Governament
Authors: Lopes Ademil Lucio
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir os resultados das políticas de desenvolvimento adotadas pelo governo Chávez no período de 1998-2008, tendo como referência os objetivos explicitados nos dois planos de desenvolvimento apresentados pelo governo nesse período, que destacavam necessidade em se buscar um novo modelo econômico para o país que superasse o modelo rentista, tido como responsável principal pela crise econômica enfrentada pela Venezuela desde meados da década de 80. Dessa forma, seria fundamental constituir uma economia diversificada e menos dependente da renda petroleira.  This article aims to discuss the results of development policies adopted by the Chavez government in the period 1998-2008, with reference to the objectives spelled out in the development plans submitted by the government during this period, which highlighted the necessity to seek a new economic model for the country to overcome the rentier model, considered the main culprit behind the economic crisis faced by Venezuela since the mid 80s. Thus, it is essential to build an economy diversified and less dependent on oil revenue.
Apresentação
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo Fernandes de , Salatini Rafael
Published: July 2020

Apresentação dos Editores da Revista Brazilian Journal of International Relations, que pretende ser um espaço aberto, plural e transparente para a demonstração científica da dinâmica contemporânea das relações internacionais, e sobre esta segunda edição, a qual expressa exatamente esta perspectiva científica.Introduction of the BJIR's editors, that intends to be an open space, plural and transparent to the contemporary dynamics of scientific demonstration of the international relations, and about this second issue, that express exactly this scientific perspective.
Apresentação
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo Fernandes de , Salatini Rafael
Published: July 2020

Apresentação dos Editores da Revista Brazilian Journal of International Relations, que pretende ser um espaço aberto, plural e transparente para a demonstração científica da dinâmica contemporânea das relações internacionais, e sobre esta primeira edição do volume dois, a qual expressa exatamente esta perspectiva científica.Introduction of the BJIR's editors, that intends to be an open space, plural and transparent to the contemporary dynamics of scientific demonstration of the international relations, and about this 1st issue of 2nd vol., that express exactly this scientific perspective.
India at the WTO: Evolving Priorities, Unaltered Paradigm
Authors: Ray Amit S. , Saha Sabyasachi
Published: July 2020

India’s stance at the WTO has undergone a sea change since the beginning of the Uruguay Round. This paper attempts to trace the shifting coordinates of India’s position at the WTO. By focussing on three specific areas of negotiations, namely agriculture, services and TRIPS, the paper presents a theoretical analysis of how India’s stance at the WTO has evolved over time and whether it reflects any paradigm shift. In the light of international relations theory we argue that although the priorities and coordinates of India’s stance at the WTO have shifted over time, the underlying ‘neo-realist’ position adopted by India remains by and large unaltered. A postura da Índia na OMC passou por uma mudança radical desde o início da Rodada Uruguai. Este artigo tenta traçar as coordenadas de mudança de posição da Índia na OMC. Ao concentrar-se em três áreas específicas de negociações, ou seja, agricultura, serviços e TRIPS, o trabalho apresenta uma análise teórica de como a postura da Índia na OMC tem evoluído ao longo do tempo e reflete qualquer mudança de paradigma. À luz da teoria das relações internacionais que afirmam que, embora as prioridades e as coordenadas da posição da Índia na OMC têm mudado ao longo do tempo, a posição subjacente "neo-realista", aprovado pela Índia permanece em grande parte inalterada.
CONVITE À FORMULAÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS DE MULTIPLICAÇÃO E DIVISÃO NO EIXO PRODUTOS DE MEDIDAS: UM PASSEIO À LANCHONETE
Authors: Altoé Renan Oliveira , Freitas Rony Cláudio de Oliveira
Published: July 2020

Este relato de experiência tem por objetivo apresentar análises de uma proposta de Formulação de Problemas, intitulada “Um passeio à lanchonete”, que pode contribuir para o ensino das operações de multiplicação e divisão, no Campo Conceitual Multiplicativo, na classe de Combinatória. A proposta foi desenvolvida em uma pesquisa de Mestrado em Educação em Ciências e Matemática, seguindo pressupostos metodológicos da Engenharia Didática, em um estudo qualitativo, cujos dados foram produzidos no 5º de uma Escola Estadual do Município de Vargem Alta – ES. As análises evidenciaram que a proposta é potencialmente significativa nos estudos dessas operações, uma vez que envolveu os estudantes na formulação de problemas de raciocínio combinatório, levando-os a refletir sobre a multiplicação e divisão. As produções podem ser utilizadas, pelo professor, nas aulas de matemática, pois carregam consigo motivações intrínsecas, fatores que podem entusiasmar os alunos na resolução de problemas.
SENI BELA DIRI EWA WUNA DI KECAMATAN LASALEPA KABUPATEN MUNA
Authors: Abd. Akbar H. Abd , Batia La
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK: Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah: Untuk menjelaskan syarat, mendeskripsikan gerakan, menjelaskan perubahan yang terjadi dalam seni bela diri Ewa Wuna, dan untuk menggali serta mengungkapkan nilai- nilai yang terkandung dalam seni bela diri Ewa Wuna di Kecamatan Lasalepa Kabupaten Muna.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tahap dalam  memasuki perguruan Seni Bela Diri Ewa Wuna ada dua syarat: (1) Feoti depake parakano dana banggai be lomo Tujuanya agar mata menjadi tajam dan tidak takut terhadap benda- benda tajam, kedua dofokadiu nekontu kaghito, Tujuannya agar sang murid selalu taat kepada perintah Tuhan dan menjungjung nilai- nilai yang diajarkan oleh sang guru. (2) Setelah syarat diterima dan di setujui oleh murid, maka guru mulai membimbing murid melakukan gerakan dasar silat, di mana gerakan dasar ini terdiri atas dua tahap, yaitu: a. Gerakan pica bunga, langkah satu, langkah dua, langkah tiga, langkah empat, b. Gerakan menyerang dan bertahan. (3) Perubahan yang terjadi  dalam seni bela Ewa Wuna mengalami perubahan, antara lain dari segi pakaian dan fungsinya dimana periode pada masa kerajaan hanya menggunakan pakaian serba hitam dan diikatkan sarung Muna sedangkan sekarang pakaian yang digunakan hanya pakaian biasa, seperti pakaian modern yang kadang memakai sarung Muna di pinggang dan kadang tidak. 4.Untuk menggali dan mengungkapkan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam seni bela diri Ewa Wuna di kecamatan Lasalepa Kabupaten Muna. Kata Kunci: Syarat, Gerak, Perubahan, Ewa Wuna
PENETAPAN PASARWAJO SEBAGAI IBU KOTA KABUPATEN BUTON (2003-2017)
Authors: Firman Andi , Hadara Ali
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK: Subtansi penelitian ini mengacu pada tiga aspek permasalahan dasar 1) Mengapa Pasarwajo ditetapkan sebagai Ibu Kota Kabupaten Buton? 2) Apa tantangan yang dihadapi dalam penetapan Pasarwajo sebagai Ibu Kota Kabupaten Buton? 3) Bagaimana perkembangan Pasarwajo sebagai Ibu Kota Kabupaten Buton?Adapun tujuan dalam penelitian adalah: 1) Untuk mendeskripsikan latar belakang penetapan Pasarwajo sebagai Ibu Kota Kabupaten Buton. 2) Untuk mendeskripsikan tantangan yang dihadapi dalam penetapan Pasarwajo sebagai Ibu Kota Kabupaten Buton. 3) Untuk mendeskripsikan perkembangan Pasarwajo sebagai Ibu Kota Kabupaten Buton.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian sejarah menurut Helius  Sjamsuddin, dengan tata kerja terdiri dari tiga tahapan, sebagai berikut: 1) Heuristik (pengumpulan sumber). 2) Kritik sumber yakni langkah kedua dari pengumpulan data atau sumber. 3) Historiografi (penulisan sejarah) yakni tahap akhir dari seluruh rangkaian kegiatan penelitian.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: 1) Penetapan Pasarwajo sebagai Ibu Kota Kabupaten Buton berdasarkan peraturan pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 29 tahun 2003 tentang pemindahan Ibu Kota Kabupaten Buton dari Kota Bau-Bau ke Pasarwajo di wilayah Kabupaten Buton. 2) Tantangan yang dihadapi dalam penetapan Pasarwajo sebagai Ibu Kota yaitu diantaranya konflik aset antara Kabupaten Buton dan Kota Bau-Bau serta penetapan lokasi Ibu Kota Kabupaten Buton antara Batauga dan Pasarwajo. Oleh karena itu berakhirnya konflik kedua wilayah ini tidak diikutkan sebagaimana yang diinginkan oleh masing-masing masyarakatnya melainkan berdasarkan bentuk wilayah yang baik untuk menjadi Ibu Kota, walaupun diketahui bahwa akan ada pihak-pihak yang mersa tidak adil tetapi hak dan wewenang diberikan kepada pemerintah untuk mengatur dan mengelolah suatu wilayah dan pengambilan keputusan khususnya dalam penetapan Ibu Kota Kabupaten Buton yang berada di wilayah Pasarwajo. 3) Perkembangan Pasarwajo sebagai Ibu Kota Kabupaten Buton mulai membenah dari segala aspek yaitu fasilitas pendidikan berdasarkan data tersebut ketersediaan sekolah setiap tahun cenderung bertambah. Serta jumlah fasilitas sekolah dan jumlah murid dan guru mulai dari tingkat pendidikan TK sampai SMA/SMK sederajat setiap tahun cenderung bertambah mulai dari guru sekolah dan murid sekolah. Kemudian fasilitas pasar berdasarkan data tersebut berbagai kegiatan perdagangan yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Buton seperti perdagangan ekspor-impor serta antar pulau semakin meningkat sarana perdagangannya. Fasilitas transportasi berdasarkan data menunjukan bahwa transportasi dalam penetapan Pasarwajo sebagai Ibu Kota Kabupaten Buton terus mengalami perkembangan, serta fasilitas pariwisata yang ada di Kabupaten Buton saat ini menjadi tujuan wisata dunia, pemerintah Kabupaten Buton terus meningkatkan fasilitas yang diinginkan wisatawan khususnya dibidang perhotelan dan wisatanya. Kata Kunci: Penetapan, Pasarwajo, dan Kabupaten Buton
RESETTLEMENT MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG LALOEA KECAMATAN TONGKUNO LAMA KE DESA WAKORAMBU KECAMATAN BATALAIWORU TAHUN 1971-2016
Authors: Ragon Ragon
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK: Inti pokok masalah yang dikemukakan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) apa yang melatarbelakangi perpindahan masyarakat dari Laloea ke Wakorambu? (2) faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya perpindahan masyarakat dari Laloea ke Wakorambu Kecamatan Batalaiworu? (3) Bagaimana perkembangan Sosial dan Ekonomi Masyarakat Laloea di Wakorambu Kecamatan Batalaiworu?.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah menurut Helius sjamsudin, yang mengacu pada tiga tahap yaitu: (a) Heuristik yaitu mencari sumber melalui studi kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan, (b) Kritik yang akurat, (c) Historiografi yang digunakan dalam bentuk tulisan secara sistematis dan kronologis.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) latar belakang perpindahan masyarakat dari Laloea ke Wakorambu Kecamatan Batalaiworu Kabupaten Muna merupakan rangkaian perpindahan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah yang dinamakan dengan program resettlement desa dengan tujuan mencarikan tempat yang layak untuk menunjang kehidupan masyarakat Laloea di Wakorambu, (2) faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya perpindahan masyarakat Laloea ke Wakorambu  yaitu faktor pendorong dari daerah asal, faktor alam (geografis), faktor ekonomi dan sosial, a. faktor alam merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi kondisi topografi Laloea yang terdiri dari bukit-bukit, berbatu-batu, dan hanya memiliki sedikit tanah yang sangat mempengaruhi kehidupan masyarakat Laloea disisi lain ketersediaan kondisi air sangat terbatas. b. faktor ekonomi merupakan salah satu tolak ukur kehidupan yang layak ada terpenuhinya segala kebutuhan baik sandang, pangan, dan papansebagaimana yang telah dituturkan oleh salah informan bahwa dahulu masih tinggal di Laloea hanya bisa mengharap apa yang mereka tanam. c. faktor sosial merupakan faktor atau keadaan sosial yang mempengaruhi perpindahan masyarakat Laloea ke Wakorambu hal ini dapat dilihat dari minimnya tingkat pendidikan khususnya anak-anak yang berada pada usia sekolah. Faktor inilah yang mendesak pemerintah untuk melakukan program resettlement desa. (3) perkembangan kehidupan sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat Laloea pasca perpindahan dilihat dari perkembangan dibidang sosial tertanamnya nilai-nilai sosial yang tumbuh ditengah msyarakat, dan perkembangan ekonomi masyarakat terpenuhinya kebutuhan sandang pangan dan papan dalam massyarakat Laloea yang telah sudah menempati pemikiman baru.      Kata Kunci: Latar Belakang, Faktor-Faktor, Perkembangan
Surat Keterangan Waris Yang Memuat Keterangan Tidak Benar Dikaitkan Dengan Kekuatan Pembuktiannya Sebagai Akta Otentik
Authors: Rafaldini Shaﬁra Meidina , Afriana Anita , Faisal Pupung
Published: July 2020

In Indonesia the distribution of inheritance, there are often disputes between parties who have an interest in each other. This makes some people choose to make a Inher itance Certiﬁcate which aims to prove the parties entitled to inheritance from the testator. In practice, heirs are often found that contain incorrect statements and serve as evidence in court proceedings, as found in Supreme Court Decision Number 121/Pid/2017/PT.DKI. This article discusses the power of proof of authentic deeds which contain incorrect statements in terms of the perspective of the Civil Procedure Code and the validity of an agreement based on authentic deeds which contain incorrect statements based on the Civil Code. Normative juridical research methods are used in this study, namely in-depth analysis of the positive regulations concerned and also ﬁeld research related to the process of making a Certiﬁcate of Inheritance in the Religious Courts, Notaries, and Village Ofﬁ ce. Based on the results showed the Inheritance Certiﬁcate containing incorrect information, still has the power of proof attached as long as no cancellation is submitted to the judge by the parties who feel disadvantaged, and as long as there is no decision from the court stating that the deed is invalid. However, if there has been a decision from a judge stating that a certain authentic deed is invalid, then the deed no longer has the perfect proof of strength as an authentic deed.
Penyelesaian Perundingan Perjanjian Kerja Bersama (Pkb) Yang Tidak Menemui Kesepakatan (Studi Kasus di PJT I Malang)
Authors: Ariﬁn Zainal , Handayani Emi Puasa , Firdaus Saivol
Published: July 2020

The Collective working Agreement (PKB) is regulated in Article 1601 of the Civil Code (Civil Code), which is an agreement between two parties, an employee or laborer and a company, both bound together. Workers commit themselves to employers for a certain time. A bond to do work by receiving wages. Another understanding of collective working agreements is regulated in Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning labor. Working agreements are agreements between employers and employees, or laborers who have conditions of employment, rights and obligations of both parties. There are two research questions, ﬁ rst what is the meaning of the settlement of collective bargaining agreements that do not meet the agreement and, how do we formulate a joint working agreement negotiation solution without ﬁnding a deal. The method used to answer research questions is a type of normative and empirical legal research. Theories used are certainty theory, hierarchical theory of law and distributive justice theory. The results achieved. First, the meaning of the deadlock negotiation agreement to formulate a co-operation agreement. Two, settlement of collective working agreement negotiations that did not meet the agreement, can be completed with three mechanisms. The ﬁ rst is done through bipartite negotiations, through conciliation and mediation mechanisms.ﬁ nally the dispute mechanism can be carried out in industrial relations courts.
Zooarqueología en el Campo de Dunas del Centro Pampeano: nuevos aportes para comprender la subsistencia durante el Holoceno medio y tardío
Authors: Frontini Romina
Published: July 2020

Reseña del libro Ecología y subsistencia de los cazadores-recolectores en el Campo de Dunasdel Centro Pampeano, de Nahuel A. Scheifler. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, SociedadArgentina de Antropología, 2019. 272 pp. ISBN 978-987-128049-0
Formación docente y cambios culturales contemporáneos. Nuevos saberes pedagógicos para otras condiciones de sociabilidad
Authors: De Marco Luciano
Published: July 2020

La formación inicial de profesores/as para escuela secundaria se inscribe en un sistema formador en reconfiguración dada su expansión matricular y su diversificación institucional. Los saberes de esta formación se resignifican no solo por los desafíos educativos que su reciente obligatoriedad sigue planteando, sino también por las tensiones y negociaciones que los cambios socioculturales generan en las condiciones actuales de sociabilidad. ¿De qué manera las culturas digital y conectiva inciden en los saberes y estrategias pedagógico-didácticas que los/as estudiantes utilizan durante la residencia docente? Esta pregunta es abordada a partir de una investigación finalizada en la que se entrevistó a estudiantes avanzados/as de profesorado. Como resultado se encuentra una exploración de estrategias didácticas que dialogan con los regímenes atencionales dominantes en la actualidad para lo que se favorece la lectura de imágenes y la búsqueda de la participación oral por sobre el texto escrito y la escritura.
Network Penetration and Testing in a Rural Banking Environment in Ghana
Authors: Amponsah Wellington , Amonovi Simon , Gyeke-Lartey Kwabena , E. Ajagunsegun Taiwo
Published: July 2020

Ghana’s Banking sector has seen much improvement and this is evidence by the establishment of Commercial Banks, Rural and Community Banks and Savings and Loans. Cyber-threats and the measures necessary to counter them in the Banking industry are the major security issue of the hour that the bank is facing. Information security issue is vital and more critical when it wants to implement and apply IT into its operations. Penetration and testing uses and techniques those hackers employ in penetrating the network system to verify presence of vulnerabilities in the network. This research demonstrates how to perform and identify the security strength and reveal the vulnerabilities, and possible exploits in the security of the internal network and misconfiguration of firewall of the Bank using penetration testing.
Diversity of the longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from Cuatro Ciénegas Basin, Coahuila, Mexico
Authors: Pérez-Flores Oscar , Toledo-Hernández Víctor
Published: July 2020

Cerambycidae is one the most diverse families in the order Coleoptera with more than 37,000 species described in all continents. Cerambicyd beetles have a worldwide distribution from sea level to montane sites. In Mexico, more than 1,600 species have been recorded. Nevertheless, the diversity and distribution of this family in the Mexican deserts is poorly known.

A first checklist of Cerambycidae from seven localities of Cuatro Ciénegas Basin is presented. This study is the result of sampling carried out between 2009 to 2013. Some material from other collections is also included. The species list includes four subfamilies, 13 tribes, 32 genera and 37 species, from which 13 are new records for the state of Coahuila and three species represent new records for Mexico. These results highlight the paucity of knowledge of insects in the deserts of Mexico.
Bounds on treatment effects in regression discontinuity designs with a manipulated running variable
Authors: Gerard François , Rokkanen Miikka , Rothe Christoph
Published: July 2020

The key assumption in regression discontinuity analysis is that the distribution of potential outcomes varies smoothly with the running variable around the cutoff. In many empirical contexts, however, this assumption is not credible; and the running variable is said to bemanipulatedin this case. In this paper, we show that while causal effects are not point identified under manipulation, one can derive sharp bounds under a general model that covers a wide range of empirical patterns. The extent of manipulation, which determines the width of the bounds, is inferred from the data in our setup. Our approach therefore does not require making a binary decision regarding whether manipulation occurs or not, and can be used to deliver manipulation‐robust inference in settings where manipulation is conceivable, but not obvious from the data. We use our methods to study the disincentive effect of unemployment insurance on (formal) reemployment in Brazil, and show that our bounds remain informative, despite the fact that manipulation has a sizable effect on our estimates of causal parameters.
A nondegenerate Vuong test and post selection confidence intervals for semi/nonparametric models
Authors: Liao Zhipeng , Shi Xiaoxia
Published: July 2020

This paper proposes a new model selection test for the statistical comparison of semi/non‐parametric models based on a general quasi‐likelihood ratio criterion. An important feature of the new test is its uniformly exact asymptotic size in the overlapping nonnested case, as well as in the easier nested and strictly nonnested cases. The uniform size control is achieved without using pretesting, sample‐splitting, or simulated critical values. We also show that the test has nontrivial power against alln‐local alternatives and against some local alternatives that converge to the null faster thann. Finally, we provide a framework for conducting uniformly valid post model selection inference for model parameters. The finite sample performance of the nondegenerate test and that of the post model selection inference procedure are illustrated in a mean‐regression example by Monte Carlo.
Eligibility, experience rating, and unemployment insurance take‐up
Authors: Auray Stéphane , Fuller David L.
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we investigate the causes and consequences of “unclaimed” unemployment insurance (UI) benefits. A search model is developed where the costs to collecting UI benefits include both a traditional “fixed” administrative cost and an endogenous cost arising from worker and firm interactions. Experience rated taxes give firms an incentive to challenge a worker's UI claim, and these challenges are costly for the worker. Exploiting data on improper denials of UI benefits across states in the U.S. system, a two‐way fixed effects analysis shows a statistically significant negative relationship between the improper denials and the UI take‐up rate, providing empirical support for our model. We calibrate the model to elasticities implied by the two‐way fixed effects regression to quantify the relative size of these UI collection costs. The results imply that on average the costs associated with firm challenges of UI claims account for 41% of the total costs of collecting, with improper denials accounting for 8% of the total cost. The endogenous collection costs imply the unemployment rate responds much slower to changes in UI benefits relative to a model with fixed collection costs. Finally, removing all eligibility requirements and allowing workers to collect UI benefits without cost shows these costs to be 4.5% of expected output net of vacancy costs. Moreover, this change has minimal impact on the unemployment rate.
بَعْض مَعَالِم وخِطَط مدينة تَعِزفِي عَهْد دَوْلَة بَنِي رَسُوْل
Authors: جازم محمد عبد الرحيم
Published: July 2020

تعد مدينة تَعِز مدينة جديدة قياسا بعمر غيرها من المدن اليمنية، فقد ظهرت نواة وجودها ممثلة بـ(حِصْن تَعِز) في أوائل عهد الدولة الصُّلَيْحِيَّة في القرن الخامس الهجري/ الحادي عشر الميلادي، وعندما قدم الأيوبيون الى اليمن في القرن السادس وبداية السابع الهجري، كانت قد تشكلت حول الحصن ثلاثة أحياء مثلت نواة للمدينة وهي (ذِي هُزَيْم، والمَغْرَبَة، وذِي عُدَيْنَة)، وقد ازهرت هذه الأحياء وتوسع العمران فيها في عصر دولة بني رسول، وأضيف إليها مدينة ثَعَبَات وحي المُجَلِّيَة وحي الجَهْمَلِيَّة.وقد سعى الباحث من خلال مصادر دولة بني رسول المختلفة بما فيها وثائق الوقف التي أوقفت على المدارس والمصالح العامة التي أنشأت في أحياء المدينة، سعى الى معرفة النسيج العمراني لمدينة تعز في زمن حكم دولة بني رسول (626–858هجرية/ 1229–1454م)، فألحق بكل حي من الأحياء المذكورة سابقا ما به من أسواق وحارات (حَافَات) وميادين وطرق، وما أنشأ بها من منشآت هامة ممثلة بالجوامع، والمساجد، والمدارس، والقصور، والفنادق، والبساتين، والحدائق، والدور، ومعاصر الزيوت، ومحلات الجزارة، والمقابر، وما ذكر من أبواب للمدينة وبوابات وأسوار الى غير ذلك.كما سلط الباحث الضوء على توفر مياه الشرب والسقي لكافة أحياء المدينة، والتي زودها به (جبل صَبِر) الضخم والذي نشأت المدينة في سفحه الشمالي، وذلك من خلال المنشآت المائية والعيون التي تم استخراجها وجرها الى مختلف أرجاء المدينة، كما زودت بعض الصروح والمنشآت العامة مثل الجوامع والمدارس والقصور بعيون ماء خاصة بها، ويوصلنا هذا الى أن السبب الرئيس من نشؤ مدينة تعز في تلك الرقعة من الأرض كان لوفرة الماء بها.
Accuracy of radiologists, nonradiologists, and laypeople for identifying children with cerebral cortical atrophy from “Mercator map” curved reconstructions of MRIs of the brain
Authors: Chacko Anith , Vedajallam Schadie , Andronikou Savvas , Simpson Ewan , Thai Ngoc Jade
Published: July 2020

Background: Using text reports to communicate bilateral, symmetric, and zonal cortical brain atrophy in children with term hypoxic ischemic injury (HII) to parents and legal professionals contesting compensation rights can be difficult. Using standard cross-sectional images for explaining bilateral, regional brain imaging to laypeople is also challenging. A single flattened image of the brain surface, much like a map of the earth is derived from a globe, can be generated from curved reconstruction of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, i.e., a Mercator map. Laypeople’s ability to identify abnormal “Mercator brain maps,” without prior training, requires evaluation before use in nonmedical settings. Aim: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of laypeople in detecting abnormal pediatric Mercator flat-earth maps of the brain, without prior training. Methods and Materials: 10 Mercator brain maps were provided to 111 participants individually. The maps comprised 5 HII, 1 cortical dysplasia, and 4 normal cases. Participants were required to identify the abnormal scans. Sensitivity and specificity overall and for participants’ subgroups were calculated. Results: Overall sensitivity and specificity were 67% and 80%, respectively. General radiologists (n = 12) had sensitivity and specificity of 91.2% and 94.6%, respectively. Laypeople (n = 54) had a sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 80%. Conclusion: The high specificity and sensitivity of radiologists validated the technique for distinguishing abnormal scans, regarding cortical pathology. High specificity of laypeople for identifying abnormal brains using Mercator maps indicates that this is a viable communication tool for demonstrating cortical MRI abnormalities of HII in children to laypersons.
Signal processing for in situ detection of effective heat pulse probe spacing radius as the basis of a self-calibrating heat pulse probe
Authors: Kinar Nicholas J. , Pomeroy John W. , Si Bing
Published: July 2020

Abstract. A sensor comprised of an electronic circuit and a hybrid single and dual heat pulse probe was constructed and tested along with a novel signal
processing procedure to determine changes in the effective dual-probe spacing radius over the time of measurement. The circuit utilized
a proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller to control heat inputs into the soil medium in lieu of a variable resistor. The system was
designed for onboard signal processing and implemented USB, RS-232, and SDI-12 interfaces for machine-to-machine (M2M) exchange of data, thereby
enabling heat inputs to be adjusted to soil conditions and data availability shortly after the time of experiment. Signal processing was introduced
to provide a simplified single-probe model to determine thermal conductivity instead of reliance on late-time logarithmic curve fitting. Homomorphic
and derivative filters were used with a dual-probe model to detect changes in the effective probe spacing radius over the time of experiment to
compensate for physical changes in radius as well as model and experimental error. Theoretical constraints were developed for an efficient inverse
of the exponential integral on an embedded system. Application of the signal processing to experiments on sand and peat improved the estimates of
soil water content and bulk density compared to methods of curve fitting nominally used for heat pulse probe experiments. Applications of the
technology may be especially useful for soil and environmental conditions under which effective changes in probe spacing radius need to be detected and
compensated for over the time of experiment.
Ontogénesis en Iqbāl y Goethe: morir para llegar a ser
Authors: Aguirre Martínez Guillermo
Published: July 2020

A lo largo de las siguientes páginas se establecerán una serie de correspondencias entre Iqbāl y Goethe. Tomando como punto de partida los lazos que ambos autores establecen entre Oriente y Occidente, nos adentraremos en su pensamiento siguiendo el hilo de lo que podría denominarse una poética del deseo. El simbolismo de la luz, en relación con una participación mística por parte del sujeto, se presenta asimismo como eje fundamental de este trabajo.
Comics in the Arab world. Birth and spread of a new literary genre
Authors: De Blasio Emanuela
Published: July 2020

The research focuses on the birth and development of the comics, a new literary genre in the Arab world. The paper takes into account the dynamics of the advent of comics in the first Arab countries until to our days when comics began to appeal to an adult audience, sometimes taking inspiration from material from the West, sometimes referring to traditional elements of Arab culture.

With the advent of the Arab revolutions, this genre has become more widespread and has also been used by artists to express dissent and criticism. Following the fall of dictatorial regimes in some Arab countries, the power of censorship has diminished; this has allowed the proliferation of different types of comics, also thanks to the fundamental role of social networks and the Internet.

Through the examination of comics in the Arab world it is possible to shed light on a new literary genre and it is possible to trace the lines of the evolution of its themes and language.
La creación de los eslóganes de los destinos turísticos internacionales
Authors: Pozo García José Carlos , Batista Sánchez Ernesto
Published: July 2020

Un destino turístico que quiera posicionarse estratégicamente en un sector tan competitivo como el turismo necesita crear un eslogan memorable. El propósito de este trabajo viene determinado por la necesidad de profundizar en el estudio específico del eslogan turístico de los países, considerado como elemento imprescindible para la creación y la promoción de las marcas turísticas nacionales. Por ello, el artículo examina los eslóganes turísticos de 158 países mediante el análisis de contenido de seis variables y coteja los resultados con estudios precedentes. La investigación confirma la tendencia por la brevedad comunicativa y la simplicidad estructural de estos eslóganes. Asimismo, se analizan el uso preferente de los recursos retóricos en los eslóganes turísticos, las palabras “comodín” más habituales y la predilección por eslóganes carentes de verbos.
Children’s understandings of well-being. Towards a child standpoint
Authors: Casas Aznar Ferran
Published: July 2020

Fattore, T., Mason, J. with Watson, E. (2016). Children’s understandings of well-being. Towards a child standpoint. Dordrecht: Springer, 280 páginas. ISBN: 978-94-024-0827-0.
Direito à participação política de crianças sobre a escola: algo mudaria em função da pandemia?
Authors: De Matos Lins Heloísa Andreia , Cabello Janaína , Borges Camila S.
Published: July 2020

Por meio de uma breve pesquisa cartográfica das redes sociais e principais reportagens sobre a imprensa brasileira, evidências ou silêncio das crianças brasileiras sobre seus processos de escolarização na pandemia de COVID-19 e naturalização da exclusão de endereços por vários setores da sociedade. É o caso da maioria das funções de políticas públicas na educação, mas também através de setores considerados progressistas na área, não apenas em duas direções de proteção e provisão de infrações, mas também em detrimento de suas orientações políticas ou de participação. Destaca-se, nesse contexto,
Four new Lepraria species for Iran, with a key to all Iranian species
Authors: Kazemi Sareh Sadat , Mehregan Iraj , Asri Younes , Saadatmand Sarah , Sipman Harrie J. M.
Published: July 2020

Lepraria eburnea, L. ecorticata, L. jackii, and L. leuckertiana, found in deciduous forests in Golestan province, are recorded for the first time from Iran. Descriptions and illustrations of all four species and a key to all Lepraria species known
from Iran are provided.
Vanderbylia cinnamomea sp. nov. from southwestern China
Authors: Chen Jun-Zhu , Yang Xiong , Zhao Chang-Lin
Published: July 2020

Vanderbylia cinnamomea is proposed as a new wood-inhabiting polypore species based on morphological characters supported by phylogenetic analysis. The species is characterized by an annual, pileate basidiocarp, a brown to black pileal surface, an olivaceous buff to smoke grey
pore surface, a dimitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, and subglobose to amygdaliform, hyaline, thick-walled, smooth, dextrinoid, and cyanophilous basidiospores. ITS+nLSU sequence analyses place V. cinnamomea in Vanderbylia within a subclade with a high support
(100% BS, 100% BP, 1.00 BPP) sister to a subclade comprising V. fraxinea and V. robiniophila.
The Latin American and Nigerian Conditional Cash Transfer Experience: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Umezurike Ikenna Samuel , Adam Ibraheem Salisu
Published: July 2020

Despite the recent economic growth in Nigeria, poverty remains a social problem. One of the strategies employed by the Nigerian government and some development partners towards solving this problem is the deployment of social protection instruments, such as Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs), which aim at stemming the tide of poverty and vulnerability. This study uses the secondary research method to examine the extent to which the Latin American CCT model influenced the design and operation of the Nigerian CCT programme. The policy diffusion model adopted for the study posits that the success of CCT programmes in Latin America has stimulated its extension to many developing countries outside the region. The findings from the review of selected literature explain the rationale for CCTs as short-term poverty reduction and long-term human capital development. Admittedly, a nexus exists between the Latin American and Nigerian strategies. Yet the study concludes that the Latin American model cannot adequately serve as a blueprint for the Nigeria strategy, given that underlying conditions in upper middle-income Latin American countries are clearly different from those present in low income or lower middle-income African countries like Nigeria. The study recommends urgent implementation of the National Social Protection Policy; a review of the current CCT programme in Nigeria every two years and extensive research into social protection strategies.
The third person gap in adnominal pronoun constructions
Authors: Höhn Georg F. K.
Published: July 2020

The lack of third person adnominal pronouns in English-type languages (*they linguists) is argued to be an effect of contextually conditioned allomorphy between the exponents of the definite article and third person pronouns within a pronominal determiner structure. A crosslinguistic survey of 82 languages finds that the third person gap is crosslinguistically relatively rare and may be restricted to Europe and surrounding areas. The survey also suggests a potential interaction between the third person gap and the availability of distinct articles, as expected on the proposed analysis. The paper also discusses issues raised by the third person gap for alternative analyses, including those advocating an NP-analysis.
The Relationship between Phosphate Adsorption and Soil Organic Carbon from Organic Matter Addition
Authors: Yusran Fadly Hairannoor
Published: July 2020

The Relationship between Phosphate Adsorption and Soil Organic Carbon from Organic Matter Addition (FH Yusran): The application of organic matter (OM) can increase soil phosphorus (P) availability via soil mineralisation. In lateritic soils, however, soluble organic carbon (OC) from OM may also reduce phosphate adsorption capacity, a process that also releases P in soil solution. In these soils, competitive adsorption could be dominant compared to mineralisation. The main objectives of this study were to study phosphate adsorption in three lateritic soils which have been treated with different types and amounts of organic amendment, and had intrinsic OC removed by combustion. The adsorption isotherms showed that OM addition could reduce phosphate adsorption and that this reduction could last up to nine months after application. Lucerne hay was more effective than peat and wheat straw additions in reducing phosphate adsorption capacity. The bicarbonate phosphorus (BP) release through mineralisation occurred despite the increase of phosphate adsorption capacity due to the combustion of soil samples. Peat treatment was predicted to be more effective in creating organo-metal complexes with Al and Fe. Overall, mineralisation from added organic amendment was effective in minimising P adsorption in lateritic soil.
Aquecimento e umidificação dos gases inspirados na ventilação mecânica e sua relação com a secreção
Authors: De Oliveira Brena Costa , Guimarães Angelo Eduardo Vasconcelos , Carrias Francisco Maurilio da Silva , Silva Hengrid Graciely Nascimento , Souza Samara Martins de Oliveira , Silva Valéria Monteiro Beserra da , Ykeda Daisy Satomi
Published: July 2020

Introdução: A ventilação mecânica (VM) requer cuidados especiais, pois em situações inadequadas torna-se deletéria. Objetivo: Verificar se os sistemas ativos de aquecimento e umidificação da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um Hospital Público estão sendo realizados de forma adequada e se eles possuem relação com as secreções. Métodos: Foram incluídos 30 pacientes que estavam em VM, com umidificadores ativos, sem restrições de idade e sexo. Observou-se os parâmetros da VM, características das secreções, nível de aquecimento e de água nos copos de umidificação, além da presença de água nos circuitos. Resultados: em 65,8% das vezes, o aquecimento estava abaixo do esperado; em 87,5% das ocasiões, a quantidade de água nos copos umidificadores foram inadequadas; em 53,3%, havia água nos circuitos. As secreções apresentaram relação com a umidificação (r=0,014) e a frequência respiratória com as secreções (p0,05). Conclusão: O aquecimento do ar inspirado e os sistemas ativos de umidificação não estão sendo realizados de forma adequada e eles possuem relação com a viscosidade das secreções.
Desenvolvimento e controle motor de indivíduos institucionalizados em abrigos
Authors: Silva Cássia Kelly , Sobrinho Camila Nascimento , Silva Maria Paula Souza , Ferrari Aline Sanchez , Crocetta Tania Brusque , Monteiro Carlos Bandeira de Mello , Fernani Deborah Cristina Gonçalves Luiz , Dantas Maria Tereza Artero Prado
Published: July 2020

Introdução: Alterações no controle motor são as primeiras que podem aparecer, comprometendo a aprendizagem de habilidades motoras e o desenvolvimento do indivíduo. Objetivo: Verificar e comparar o desenvolvimento e o controle motor de crianças e adolescentes institucionalizados em abrigos com aqueles que convivem em ambiente familiar. Métodos: Foram avaliados 54 crianças e adolescentes, divididos em Grupo Abrigo (GA) e Grupo Controle (GC). A avaliação do desenvolvimento psicomotor foi feita pela Bateria Psicomotora; o controle motor, pela tarefa computacional Fitts Reciprocal Aiming Task v.1.0 (Horizontal). Resultados: Na análise do desenvolvimento motor, foram encontradas pontuações inferiores do GA, porém, ambos os grupos apresentaram perfis “bons”. Além disso, foi encontrado aumento significante do tempo de movimento de ID2 para ID4a, com manutenção do ID4a para ID4b, e ID4b para ID6. Conclusão: Os indivíduos do GA apresentaram desenvolvimento psicomotor adequado para a idade, com deficit no controle motor, e maior tempo de movimento em relação ao GC, demostrando maior dificuldade na velocidade.
Associação entre função física e incapacidade autorrelatada em idosos comunitários: uma abordagem de acordo com o Modelo de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde
Authors: Lopes Renata Antunes , Fernandes Karouley , Freitas Alessandra , Souza Andressa , Oliveira Rafaela
Published: July 2020

Introdução: Deficiências como fraqueza muscular tendem a aumentar com o envelhecimento e a incapacidade pode ameaçar a qualidade de vida dos idosos. Objetivo: investigar se há correlação entre preensão manual e incapacidade em idosos comunitários. Métodos: Participaram 62 idosos (70,14 ± 6,29 anos). Foram investigados: idade, sexo, nível de escolaridade, estado civil, classe econômica, função física (força de preensão manual) e incapacidade pelo instrumento WHODAS 2.0. Estatística: descritiva e Coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Os idosos apresentaram média de idade de 70,14 anos e, em sua maioria, eram do sexo feminino, casados, baixo grau de escolaridade e renda média-baixa. Observou-se correlação negativa estatisticamente significativa entre a incapacidade e força de pensão manual, assim como entre preensão manual e cognição e mobilidade no WHODAS. Os demais domínios do WHODAS não apresentaram correlação significativa com a preensão manual. Conclusão: A função física avaliada foi correlacionada com níveis de incapacidades nos idosos.
Associação da capacidade funcional com nível de exercício físico de idosos
Authors: Neves Thiago , Silva Laudyceia Mioto , Pereira Anna Carolina Daltro , Regis Juari José
Published: July 2020

Introdução: O envelhecimento aliado ao sedentarismo tem como consequência, a diminuição do desempenho motor na realização das atividades da vida diária (AVD).  Objetivo: Associar a capacidade funcional com o nível de exercício físico de idosos, participantes de um grupo de convivência da cidade de Diamantino, Mato Grosso, Brasil.  Métodos: Estudo transversal com 94 idosos (≥ 60 anos) participantes de um grupo de convivência da cidade de Diamantino, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Utilizou-se um questionário para coletar informações sobre perfil sociodemográfico, comportamentais, condições de saúde física, nível de exercício físico (EF), além dos instrumentos que que mediram as atividades básicas (ABVD) e instrumentais (AIVD) da vida diária. O teste Qui-quadrado foi utilizado para analisar a associação dos níveis de EF com as ABVD e AIVD.Resultados: A média de idade foi de 69,16±7,59 anos, com o IMC elevado, classificando-os com excesso de peso. Houve maior predominância de mulheres, viúvas, mulatas/caboclas/pardas, baixa escolaridade e renda, com problemas cardiovasculares evidentes. Encontrou-se idosos com níveis insuficientes de EF (20,2%). O nível satisfatório de exercícios físicos foi associado com as AIVD, mas não com as ABVD. Conclusão: Ao avaliar a capacidade funcional e o estilo de vida dos idosos, pode-se buscar e planejar estratégias que retardem o aparecimento das incapacidades, e viabilizem a reabilitação quando estas forem detectadas. Além de estimular a prática de EF que atinja os níveis aceitáveis e consequentemente influencie na qualidade de vida dos idosos.
The Concept of Research on Economic
Crime in the Context of the Research
Task “Optimization of Evidence, Forensic
and Operational Activities in Cases
of Economic Crime From the Perspective
of Law Enforcement Authorities”.
Authors: Porwisz Monika
Published: July 2020

The aim of the publication is to outline the concept of research in the area of economic crime, which has been outlined
on the basis of the undertaken research issues related to the implementation of the research task, entitled: “Optimization
of evidence, forensic and operational activities in cases of economic crime from the perspective of law enforcement authorities”,
which will allow to create an effective model for combating it. In the article, current research problems have been identified. The
research project will include actions aimed at defining, designing and then determining the possibility of implementing practical
tools to increase the effectiveness of law enforcement. An important research element, which is a basis for formulating specific
conclusions and recommendations, will be to conduct a survey of opinions and expectations of practitioners concerning the
possibilities of improving the detection process. The assumed research concept also involves diagnosing economic crimes (in terms
of evidence, forensic and operational aspects). There are cases of evidence-intensive, multi-aspect cases in which the methods
of action of the perpetrators constitute a challenge for law enforcement agencies in the legal or tactical aspect. Corresponding
to the diagnosed research problems, several research levels have been proposed, such as causes, scale of economic crime, dynamics
of crime, methods and mechanisms of committing crimes, and ways of counteracting them. As a result of in-depth research on the
phenomenon of economic crime, proposals for specific solutions will be worked out, which may constitute a specific compendium
of knowledge on the issues raised. The research concept covers a wide range of issues that correspond to the current challenges
in combating this type of crime. A detailed description of the problems, and the research concept adopted allows us to conclude
that the results of the research may be theoretically valuable and useful for science and practice. This publication constitutes
a preliminarily research concept adopted within the framework of the research task INP-2/2018/P/MP funded by the Ministry
of Science and Higher Education.