bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New strategy for preparation of LLDPE nanocomposites through tandem catalytic system
Authors: Mohamadnia Zahra , Azimnavahsi Leila
Published: January 2019

Tandem catalytic system composed of the ethylene trimerization catalyst CrCl3/bis(2‐butylsulfanyl‐ethyl)amine) (SNS) (I) and the ethylene copolymerization catalyst zirconocene dichloride (II) has been introduced for preparation of linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE). The catalytic behavior of the novel catalyst (I) activated by modified methyl aluminoxane was tested that afforded 1‐hexene (1‐C6) with the activity of 141,370 g 1‐C6/mol‐Cr h. The butyl branches in the polymers prepared by tandem catalysis method were determined utilizing Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for the first time. The higher Cr/Zr molar ratio led to increasing the butyl content within the prepared copolymer up to 10.38 butyl branches per 1000 C in the polymer chain. LLDPE nanocomposites having different types of nanofillers (TiO2, Santa Barbara Amorphous‐15, and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles) were prepared and analyzed by FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. Increasing the sonication time up to 60 min enhanced the nanoparticles dispersion in the polymeric matrix. SEM images of the nanocomposites with various amounts of nanofillers, showed the best dispersion of the nanofillers in the presence of 50 mg nanofiller in toluene solvent. The presence of the nanofillers also increased the hydrophilicity of the polymer surface. Antibacterial activity against Gram‐negative bacteria was also observed for the prepared nanocomposites. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47497.
Application of bio‐based dimer acid diglycidyl ester in paper‐based copper clad laminate
Authors: Sun Yiang , Zong Chuanhui , Wang Fei , Zhang Na , Li Aixiang , Li Qiuhong , LYu Zijian
Published: January 2019

Using dimer acid (DA) as raw material, DA diglycidyl ester (DADGE) was synthesized and used as reactive toughening agent to prepare paper‐based copper clad laminate (p‐CCL). The factors affecting the epoxy value of DADGE and the effect of the resin on the gelation time were studied. The effects of the epoxy value and the addition amount of DADGE on the solderleaching resistance, flammability, water absorption, bending strength, and impact strength of the p‐CCL were discussed. The results showed when the molar ratio of DA to ECH was 1:8 and the molar ratio of DA to sodium hydroxide was 1:1.6, the epoxy value of DADGE reached the maximum value of 0.23 mol/100 g. The DADGE can shorten the gelation time of the glue. The p‐CCL meets the performance of the IPC‐TM‐650 standard. And when the addition amount of DADGE is less than 12 wt %, the flammability of the p‐CCL reaches UL94V‐0 level. The p‐CCL prepared by adding 6 wt % of DADGE with 0.08 mol/100 g epoxy value has the best comprehensive performance, its toughness and rigid are comparable to those of p‐CCL with 12 wt % of commercially available high performance toughening agents and it has higher solderleaching resistance. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47508.
Synthesis, Structures, and Single‐Molecule Magnetic Properties of Three Dy2 Complexes
Authors: Ge Yu , Huang Yuan , Montenegro Jessenia Lisseth Becerra , Cui Yanfeng , Liu Wei , Li Yahong , Wang Bao‐Lin
Published: January 2019

To explore the influences of the subtle structural variations in the ligand backbones on the single‐molecule magnetic properties of dinuclear dysprosium(III) complexes, three ligands—H2L1 (H2L1=N1,N3‐bis(salicylaldehyde)diethylenetriamine), H2L2 (H2L2=N1,N3‐bis(3‐methoxysalicylidene)diethylenetriamine), and H2L3 (H2L3=N1,N3‐bis(5‐chlorosalicyladehyde)diethylenetriamine)—were synthesized and employed to prepare the expected dinuclear dysprosium(III) complexes. The three ligands differ in terms of the substituents at the benzene rings of the salicylaldehyde moieties. The reactions of Dy(NO3)3⋅6 H2O, pivalic acid, and the ligands H2L1, H2L2, and H2L3 generated complexes with the formulae [Dy2(L1)2(piv)2] (1), [Dy2(L2)2(piv)2] (2), and [Dy2(L3)2(piv)2]⋅ 2 MeCN (3), respectively. The purposeful attachment of the functional groups with varied sizes at the benzene rings of the salicylaldehyde backbones resulted in slight differences in the Dy‐O‐Dy bond angles and the Dy⋅⋅⋅Dy bond lengths in 1–3; consequently, the three complexes exhibited distinct magnetic properties. They all showed slow magnetization relaxation with energy barriers of 40.32 (1), 31.67 (2), and 33.53 K (3). Complete active space self‐consistent field (CASSCF) calculations were performed on complexes 1–3 to rationalize the slight discrepancy observed in the magnetic behavior. The calculated results satisfactorily explained the experimental outcomes.
PTP Inhibitor XIX Inhibits DUSP22 by Conformational Change
Authors: Le Hien Thi Thu , Cho Young‐Chang , Lee Sewoong , Kim Yang‐Gyun , Kim Kwonseop , Park Sung Goo , Park Byoung Chul , Cho Sayeon
Published: January 2019

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) play critical roles in signal transduction by dephosphorylating regulatory proteins involved in many signaling cascades. PTP inhibitors have been reported as potential drugs to treat diseases induced by PTP activity. In this study, we show that PTP inhibitor XIX (PI‐19) inhibits dual‐specificity phosphatase 22 (DUSP22). Kinetic analysis of PI‐19 and DUSP22 suggests that PI‐19 inhibits DUSP22 at the catalytic site. In addition, we performed drug affinity responsive targets stability (DARTS) analysis to reveal that the conformation of DUSP22 changed upon binding to PI‐19. Moreover, PI‐19 blocked DUSP22‐mediated dephosphorylation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) at Tyr‐705, a critical site for STAT3 activity. Collectively, our results imply that PI‐19 is an effective inhibitor of DUSP22 that regulates STAT3 activity.
Exploring the Promiscuous Enzymatic Activation of Unnatural Polyketide Extender Units in Vitro and in Vivo for Monensin Biosynthesis
Authors: Grote Marius , Schulz Frank
Published: January 2019

The incorporation of new‐to‐nature extender units into polyketide synthesis is an important source for diversity yet is restricted by limited availability of suitably activated building blocks in vivo. We here describe a straightforward workflow for the biogenic activation of commercially available new‐to‐nature extender units. Firstly, the substrate scope of a highly flexible malonyl co‐enzyme A synthetase from Streptomyces cinnamonensis was characterized. The results were matched by in vivo experiments in which the said extender units were accepted by both the polyketide synthase and the accessory enzymes of the monensin biosynthetic pathway. The experiments gave rise to a series of predictable monensin derivatives by the exploitation of the innate substrate promiscuity of an acyltransferase and downstream enzyme functions.
Glutamate as an Efficient Amine Donor for the Synthesis of Chiral β‐ and γ‐Amino Acids Using Transaminase
Authors: Kim Geon‐Hee , Jeon Hyunwoo , Khobragade Taresh P. , Patil Mahesh D. , Sung Sihyong , Yoon Sanghan , Won Yumi , Sarak Sharad , Yun Hyungdon
Published: January 2019

A recyclable glutamate amine donor system employing transaminase (TA), glutamate dehydrogenase (GluDH) and mutant formate dehydrogenase (FDHm) was developed, wherein amine donor Glu was regenerated using GluDH and thereby circumvented the inhibition of TA by α‐ketoglutarate. Various enantiopure β‐, γ‐amino acids, and amines were successfully synthesized with high conversions and excellent enantiomeric excess using this system.
Prevention is better than cure—Environmental management measures in hospitals
Authors: Seifert Christin , Guenther Edeltraud
Published: January 2019

Hospitals are major actors in the health care sector, and their duty is the safe treatment of patients. Thus, hospitals make an important contribution to the achievement of sustainability goals. However, they also have negative environmental impacts. Hospitals have difficulties responding to increasing environmental demands. The aim of this paper is to systematically delineate measures for hospitals' environmental management.

We research EMAS‐registered hospitals as pioneers in environmental management that have credibility through external validation. Based on 31 publicly available environmental statements, we analyze measures from the environmental programs. These measures are classified into general management approaches and measures that are related to input (energy, materials, and water) and output (waste, wastewater, and emissions).

The paper makes a practical contribution by summarizing environmental measures to improve environmental performance. This provides a brief overview that can serve as a benchmark and best‐practice sharing for other hospitals and organizations interested in environmental protection.
Exploring the Capability of LC‐MS and GC‐MS Multi‐Class Methods to Discriminate Virgin Olive Oils from Different Geographical Indications and to Identify Potential Origin Markers
Authors: Olmo‐García Lucía , Wendt Karin , Kessler Nikolas , Bajoub Aadil , Fernández‐Gutiérrez Alberto , Baessmann Carsten , Carrasco‐Pancorbo Alegría
Published: January 2019

Looking for a strategy to authenticate the declared origin of commercial extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs), 126 samples from six different Mediterranean geographical indications (GIs) are analyzed by means of two different platforms [LC‐ESI‐QTOF MS (in positive and negative polarity) and GC‐APCI‐QTOF MS (in positive mode)] combined to chemometrics. The sample treatment and chromatographic/detection conditions (in both platforms) are chosen to enable the comprehensive characterization of the complete minor fraction of the oils within a single run. Noticeable discrimination among the six evaluated GIs [Priego de Córdoba and Baena (Spain), Kalamata (Greece), Toscano (Italy), and Ouazzane and Meknès (Morocco)] is achieved building two‐class PLS‐DA models which consider the data coming from both platforms. The contribution of a few thousand molecular features to the statistical models is evaluated in depth and several compounds are pointed out as possible origin markers, describing characteristic compositional patterns for each GI in the evaluated crop year. The complementarity of the different analytical approaches is discussed and diverse strategies are used to identify the classifiers.

Practical Applications: Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) and Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) labels are important tools to promote high quality EVOOs, assuring the connection to a particular territory and the characteristic combination of natural and human factors which make possible to obtain unique oils. In this context, it is imperative to furnish the control labs with innovative tools and methods which are able to provide extensive information about the EVOOs’ minor fraction (of unquestionable importance regarding its overall quality) in just one run and to give the chance to find and identify (and validate) origin markers. The utility of validated classifiers to authenticate the belonging (or not) of an EVOO to a particular GI is clear. The consumers’ confidence can be perceptibly undermined if the geographical name is used on products not having the expected qualities or if the production specifications are sometimes not followed by producers.

The capability of LC‐MS and GC‐MS multi‐class methods to discriminate virgin olive oils from different geographical indications (crop season 2016‐2017) and to identify potential origin markers is demonstrated.
Minimally Invasive & Long‐lasting Neural Probes from a Materials Perspective
Authors: Veronica Asmita , Li Yue , Hsing I‐ming
Published: January 2019

Neurological disorders in aging society have created the need to understand how the brain works. At present, there are limited engineered “non‐invasive” tools to study and characterize the brain activity. Advancement in neuroscience research is highly focused on the fabrication of implantable neural probes that can effectively integrate with the neural tissue. Challenges associated with the commercially available probes has driven the development of mechanically compliant and non‐invasive neural implants. Engineering the mechanical and electrical performance of these probes is necessary to obtain tremendous sensitivity and selectivity along with chronic functionality. Selection of proper materials and understanding their fundamentals plays an essential role in achieving the desired neural interface. In this review, we have highlighted the recent progress in the utilization of new materials to attain a neural probe with improved flexibility, biocompatibility and signal quality.
Resolution of a Mononitrophenol Isomers Mixture by Differential Alternative Pulses Voltammetry
Authors: Stoytcheva Margarita , Zlatev Roumen , Velkova Zdravka , Gochev Velizar , Ayala Alan , Montero Gisela , Valdez Benjamín
Published: January 2019

The high resolution second order voltammetric technique, Differential Alternative Pulse Voltammetry (DAPV), was applied for the simultaneous quantification of the mononitrophenol (NP) isomers. Complete resolution of the three isomers was achieved at concentration ratios as high as 1 : 5, employing the corresponding anodic and cathodic peaks appeared on the DAPV curve. The working glassy carbon electrode was modified by a nanocomposite of graphite nanopowder and Au nanoparticles to increase the sensitivity. The linear concentration range was found to be extended up to 125 μmol L−1 for both the m‐NP and p‐NP isomers, while the o‐NP isomer presented calibration plot of two linear sections: up to 100 μmol L−1 and up to 225 μmol L−1. The LOD was found to be as low as 1.5 μmol L−1, 2.5 μmol L−1, and 0.5 μmol L−1 for o‐NP, m‐NP, and p‐NP, respectively. The accuracy of the proposed method was evaluated by quantification of spiked tap waters samples. No interference was observed from a range of phenolic compounds such as phenol, 4‐aminophenol, 4‐chlorophenol, 2,4‐dinitrophenol, and resorcinol.
A smart and portable micropump for stable liquid delivery
Authors: Zhang Xinjie , Xia Kang , Ji Aimin , Xiang Nan
Published: January 2019

Precise and reliable liquid delivery is vital for microfluidic applications. Here, we illustrate the design, fabrication, characterization, and application of a portable, low cost, and robust micropump, which brings solution to stable liquid delivery in microfluidic environment. The pump is designed with three optional speeds of different pumping flow rates, and it can be simply actuated by spring‐driven mechanism. The different flow rates of the pump are realized via passive microvalves in a compact microfluidic chip, which is installed in the pump. Importantly, the membrane structures of the microvalves allow accurate liquid control, and stable flow rates can be achieved via a spring setup. The proposed pump is applied to continuously and stably infuse microbead suspension into an inertial microfluidic chip, and good particle focusing is realized in the spiral channel of the inertial microfluidic chip. The proposed portable, self‐powered, and cost‐efficient pump is crucial for microfluidic lab‐on‐a‐chip system integration, which may facilitate microfluidic application for precise liquid delivery, control, measurement, and analysis.
Comparison of temperate and tropical freshwater species’ acute sensitivities to chemicals: An update
Authors: Wang Zhen , Kwok Kevin WH , Leung Kenneth MY
Published: January 2019

Toxicity data for tropical species are often lacking for deriving water quality guidelines (WQGs) and for conducting ecological risk assessment (ERA). To protect and safeguard valuable natural resources and important biodiversity in tropical freshwater ecosystems, a sound framework should be established to assess and manage the ecological risk of an ever-increasing number of chemicals that occur in the tropics. The present study aims to provide a more up-to-date comparison of the species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) between temperate and tropical freshwater species, by incorporating more acute toxicity data that have been documented. Results showed that temperate freshwater species are generally more sensitive to As, Cr, Pb, Hg, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, DDT, lindane, and malathion than are their tropical counterparts, whereas tropical species tend to be more sensitive to un-ionized ammonia, Mn, chlordane, and phenol. No sensitivity differences were found between temperate and tropical freshwater species to Cu and pentachlorophenol. A general decline in sensitivity trend to chemicals was revealed by comparing taxon-specific SSDs, from crustaceans to mollusks, worms, fishes, and insects. On the basis of calculated 10% hazardous concentration (HC10) ratios from pairwise temperate and tropical SSDs, the temperate-to-tropic safe extrapolation factor was verified and refined as 5 for information. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;00:000–000. © 2019 SETAC
LncRNA MIAT facilitates osteosarcoma progression by regulating mir‐128‐3p/VEGFC axis
Authors: Zhang Chunyan , Xie Linsen , Liang Huiling , Cui Yuanbo
Published: January 2019

The aberrant expression of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been involved in the progression of many human tumors including osteosarcoma (OS). However, the biological function and the underlying mechanism of the lncRNA myocardial infarction‐associated transcript (MIAT) in OS remain unclear. In the present study, we found that lncRNA MIAT was significantly up‐regulated in both OS tissues and cell lines, and high expression of MIAT was positively associated with tumor size and lymph node metastasis of OS patients. In addition, knockdown of MIAT inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis of OS cells in vitro. Moreover, the expression of MIAT was negatively associated with miR‐128‐3p but positively correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) in OS. Further mechanistic study revealed that lncRNA MIAT promoted OS progression by up‐regulating VEGFC via sponging miR‐128‐3p in vitro. Taken together, our results suggest that MIAT/miR‐128‐3p/VEGFC axis contributes to OS progression and may be used as a novel therapeutic target for OS. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 9999(9999):1–9, 2019
Going Global With Project‐Based Inquiry: Cosmopolitan Literacies in Practice
Authors: Spires Hiller A. , Himes Marie P. , Paul Casey Medlock , Kerkhoff Shea N.
Published: January 2019

As our world becomes increasingly interconnected, complex global challenges necessitate cross‐cultural collaborative efforts. Thus, developing cosmopolitan literacies among students and teachers becomes ever more important. Believing that cosmopolitan literacies are central to being literate in contemporary times, the authors build on their existing project‐based inquiry model to include global themes (e.g., poverty, global water and sanitation, climate change) and cross‐cultural exchange. This theory‐into‐practice article explains the Project‐Based Inquiry Global process and six design features that enable teachers to facilitate collaborative inquiry projects with their students. As students interact during the process, they begin to practice cosmopolitan literacies by engaging in reading, writing, and inquiry with people and topics from around the world, becoming cross‐cultural difference makers.
The outcomes of an impaired powerhouse in KRAS mutant lung adenocarcinoma cells by Elesclomol
Authors: Albayrak Gulsah , Korkmaz Funda Demirtas , Tozcu Duygu , Dogan Turacli Irem
Published: January 2019

Objectives

Lung cancer stands out as the most common cancer type worldwide. The most common genetic alteration detected in adenocarcinoma patients is KRAS. KRAS mutated patients still cannot get benefit from precision medicine approaches and lack a targeted therapy. Elesclomol is an investigational agent for melanoma and other malignancies. In this study, we evaluated its effect on cellular apoptosis, survival, and metastasis mechanisms on KRAS mutant A549 and Calu‐1 cell lines.

Methods

The cytotoxic effects of Elesclomol on A549 and Calu‐1 cells were determined by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability test. Cells were treated with IC50 concentration and then apoptosis‐related (Casp‐3, Casp‐9, Bcl‐2, and Bcl‐xL), survival‐related (Akt, p‐Akt, Erk, and p‐Erk), and metastasis‐related (E‐cadherin, Vimentin, MMP‐2, and MMP‐9) protein expressions were determined by Western blot analysis. Elesclomol's effect on cell migration was evaluated by wound healing. Total oxidant, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels after Elesclomol treatment were assessed.

Results

Elesclomol not only induced apoptotic proteins but also inhibited metastatic protein expressions and migration in both cells. Also, p‐Erk activity was diminished by Elesclomol treatment as a reflection of decreased proliferation. However, p‐Akt was enhanced as a cellular survival mechanism. Although Elesclomol's effects on oxidative stress parameters were puzzling, it induced total oxidant status (TOS), and MDA in Calu‐1 cells.

Conclusion

Elesclomol might provide an alternative treatment approach for patients with KRAS mutant lung adenocarcinoma and other solid tumor malignancies that harbor KRAS mutations. This would enable the development of biomarker‐driven targeted therapy for KRAS mutant adenocarcinoma patients.
Scarce Foods are Perceived as Having More Calories
Authors: Salerno Anthony , Sevilla Julio
Published: January 2019

People vary dramatically in their calorie estimates of food depending on the information available to them. Prior research has focused on information that is normatively relevant to the number of calories a food contains (e.g., fat content, serving size). The current research examines whether information that is normatively irrelevant to the number of calories a food contains—such as its availability—might also shape people's calorie estimates. Three studies found that a food perceived as limited in availability leads people to estimate the food to contain more calories. Serial mediation analyses revealed that this effect occurs because scarce food is seen as more valuable and expensive, which subsequently induces feelings of resource deprivation. This sense of resource deprivation, in turn, leads to motivated perception, whereby higher calorie estimates are the result of people wanting to acquire more resources. The findings provide insight into the psychology of scarcity and underscore the importance of understanding how contextual factors shape people's calorie estimates and the psychological mechanisms that drive them.
Role and practice evolution for genetic counseling in the genomic era: The experience of Australian and UK genetics practitioners
Authors: Dwarte Tanya , Barlow‐Stewart Kristine , O’Shea Rosie , Dinger Marcel E. , Terrill Bronwyn
Published: January 2019

Facilitating informed decision‐making regarding genetic testing is a core component of genetic counseling practice. Internationally, genetic testing is shifting toward gene panels and genomic testing, including whole exome and whole genome sequencing to improve diagnostic yield and cost‐effectiveness. This study explored genetics practitioners’ current experience with panels and genomic tests and the associated evolution of genetic counseling practice. Genetics practitioners with genomic testing experience, were purposively invited to participate in a semi‐structured telephone interview and to snowball the invitation to colleagues. Interviews conducted with participants residing in Australia (n = 9) and the UK (n = 5) were transcribed and analyzed using an inductive thematic approach. Three themes emerged: (a) Role delineation: current roles, future roles, and the influence of increasing complexity; (b) The evolving spectrum of practice: blurred boundaries between research and clinical services; impact on facilitation of informed consent; and return of results strategies; and (c) Policy and governance needs: equality of access; achieving consistent variant interpretation, reporting, and responsibility for review; managing incidental findings; and professional regulation for Australian genetic counselors. These exploratory data highlight that genetic counseling practice and the essential role of facilitating informed consent are evolving but remain patient‐centered, with core skills underpinning practitioners’ capacity to adapt.
Use of ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry on sweet cherries to determine phenolic compounds in peel and flesh
Authors: Gao Yuan , Wang Meng , Jiang Nan , Wang Yao , Feng Xiaoyuan
Published: January 2019

BACKGOUND

Sweet cherries (Prunus aviumL.) are rich in polyphenols and have high antioxidant potential. This study deals with the use of ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry on five cherry cultivars, namely Caihong, Sunburst, Summit, 23–51 and Valeri, to determine the free, conjugated and bound phenolics in peel and flesh.

RESULTS

Phenolics varied widely based on cherry cultivars and edible parts. Valeri showed the highest phenolics in peel, while the flesh of 23–51 contained a higher amount of phenolic substances compared with the other cherries, mainly due to high levels of cyanidin‐3‐O‐rutinoside, which was the most abundant phenolic in sweet cherry. Most of the phenolics, except for ferulic acid and vanillic acid, were present at a higher level in peel than in flesh. Principal component analysis indicated that compared with different edible parts, the phenolic compounds were more influenced by cultivar.

CONCLUSIONS

Cultivar had a much greater impact on the accumulation of phenolics than edible parts. The peel of Valeri contained the highest phenolics; for the flesh, 23–51 had the highest levels. The high variability in phenolic compounds in peel and flesh among cultivars may be useful for breeding and underlines the importance of germplasm conservation activities. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Chemical–nutritional quality and oxidative stability of milk and dairy products obtained from Friesian cows fed with a dietary supplementation of dried grape pomace
Authors: Ianni Andrea , Di Maio Gaetano , Pittia Paola , Grotta Lisa , Perpetuini Giorgia , Tofalo Rosanna , Cichelli Angelo , Martino Giuseppe
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

The aim of the study was to evaluate the nutritional properties of milk and cheese obtained from Friesian cows fed with a diet supplemented with dried grape pomace, a by‐product of the oenological industry, which is very rich in polyphenols. This approach is inspired by the increasing interest in foods containing functional ingredients that may have beneficial effects on human health. During the testing period, analyses of the chemical and nutritional properties of milk and dairy products derived from it were performed; particular attention was given to the effect of cheese ripening on the oxidative stability and fermentation process, evaluating respectively the presence of malondialdehyde and γ‐aminobutyric acid.

RESULTS

Dietary enrichment with grape pomace did not affect the milk composition but induced modifications in the fatty acid profiles in both milk and cheese with an increase in concentration of linoleic acid, trans‐vaccenic acid, rumenic acid and total n‐6 fatty acids. Moreover, after 30 days of cheese ripening, an increased oxidative stability and an increased concentration of γ‐aminobutyric acid were found.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results indicated a general improvement in nutritional parameters of milk and related cheese obtained from Friesian cows that received the feeding enrichment with dried grape pomace. Further analysis should be performed to improve knowledge of the chemical and microbiological mechanisms at the source of these findings. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Like or want? Gender differences in attitudes toward online shopping in China
Authors: Dai Wanwen , Arnulf Jan K. , Iao Laileng , Wan Pei , Dai Haojin
Published: January 2019

While previous studies indicate that female consumers display less trust for online shopping than males do, there is little research to addresses the reasons behind this difference. Our study applies a combination of both self‐report and the Implicit Association Test (IAT) to compare the cognitive and affective components of attitudes in men and women toward online shopping in China. Although female participants showed no significant difference from male participants in affective attitudes toward online shopping in the self‐report condition, females associated online shopping more frequently with unpleasant adjectives and off‐line shopping with pleasant adjectives in the indirect IAT condition. The opposite pattern was found for the male group. This finding indicates a wanting but disliking attitude toward online shopping among the female consumers in China, which provides a unique theoretical contribution to consumer behavior theory and helps to enhance e‐marketers’ market targeting and segmentation effectiveness in China.
Consumers' engagement with social media activation campaigns: Construct conceptualization and scale development
Authors: Mirbagheri SeyedAlireza , Najmi Manoochehr
Published: January 2019

This study conceptualizes the consumers' engagement with social media activation campaigns, which are important tools in improving the interactions between brands and consumers. We offer a comprehensive definition of this construct and discuss the nature and dimensionality of it. Further, this paper reports the development and validation of a 12‐item scale for measuring the aforementioned construct. This scale development process comprises four studies. Study 1 begins by generating a pool of items and then employs both a panel of experts and some Instagram users to examine the content validity of the items. To validate the scale, this paper carries out several online surveys in subsequent studies. Study 2 uses exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to remove the problematic items and evaluate the dimensionality of the construct. In Study 3, we conduct iterative CFAs to purify the scale and reassess the psychometric properties of the scale. Study 4 uses structural equation modeling to test the nomological validity. Our analyses reveal that consumers' engagement with social media activation campaigns is a second‐order construct encompassing three first‐order dimensions (cognitive, emotional, and behavioral engagement). The results also support the reliability, content validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, known group validity, and nomological validity of the engagement scale.
How do consumers categorize new hybrid products?
Authors: El Amri Dhouha
Published: January 2019

This article investigates how consumers categorize new hybrid products (NHPs). Given the limitations of the classical theories of categorization in the specific case of NHP, affordance, mobilized infrequently in marketing, turned out to be a useful categorization concept. Five types of NHP categorizations by consumers, based on the degree of affordance (low vs. high) and type of innovation (incremental vs. radical), have been detected and filled a gap in the literature on the subject.
How and when taking pictures undermines the enjoyment of experiences
Authors: Nardini Gia , Lutz Richard J. , LeBoeuf Robyn A.
Published: January 2019

The consumption of experiences (as opposed to products) has seen an increasing amount of research attention in recent years. A key aspect of the experiential consumption journey is how the experience is consumed. For instance, people almost invariably take pictures during highly enjoyable experiences such as vacations or important family events. Although past research has suggested that taking pictures may enhance the enjoyment of moderately enjoyable experiences, the effect of picture taking on the real‐time enjoyment of highly enjoyable experiences is not clear. To address this matter, the authors investigate whether taking pictures affects consumers’ enjoyment of highly enjoyable hedonic experiences. A series of laboratory studies demonstrate that taking pictures (compared with not taking pictures) can decrease enjoyment of highly enjoyable experiences. This study suggests that, by constantly striving to document their experiences, consumers may unwittingly fail to enjoy those experiences to the fullest. These results have implications for how firms may best stage experiential offerings to enhance their customers’ experiences.
Multidisciplinary approaches for targeting the secretase protein family as a therapeutic route for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Schaduangrat Nalini , Prachayasittikul Veda , Choomwattana Saowapak , Wongchitrat Prapimpun , Phopin Kamonrat , Suwanjang Wilasinee , Malik Aijaz Ahmad , Vincent Bruno , Nantasenamat Chanin
Published: January 2019

The continual increase of the aging population worldwide renders Alzheimer's disease (AD) a global prime concern. Several attempts have been focused on understanding the intricate complexity of the disease's development along with the on‐ andgoing search for novel therapeutic strategies. Incapability of existing AD drugs to effectively modulate the pathogenesis or to delay the progression of the disease leads to a shift in the paradigm of AD drug discovery. Efforts aimed at identifying AD drugs have mostly focused on the development of disease‐modifying agents in which effects are believed to be long lasting. Of particular note, the secretase enzymes, a group of proteases responsible for the metabolism of the β‐amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) and β‐amyloid (Aβ) peptides production, have been underlined for their promising therapeutic potential. This review article attempts to comprehensively cover aspects related to the identification and use of drugs targeting the secretase enzymes. Particularly, the roles of secretases in the pathogenesis of AD and their therapeutic modulation are provided herein. Moreover, an overview of the drug development process and the contribution of computational (in silico) approaches for facilitating successful drug discovery are also highlighted along with examples of relevant computational works. Promising chemical scaffolds, inhibitors, and modulators against each class of secretases are also summarized herein. Additionally, multitarget secretase modulators are also taken into consideration in light of the current growing interest in the polypharmacology of complex diseases. Finally, challenging issues and future outlook relevant to the discovery of drugs targeting secretases are also discussed.
General decay and blowup of solutions for coupled viscoelastic equation of Kirchhoff type with degenerate damping terms
Authors: Pişkin Erhan , Ekinci Fatma
Published: January 2019

In this work, we consider a nonlinear system of viscoelastic equations of Kirchhoff type with degenerate damping and source terms in a bounded domain. Under suitable assumptions on the initial data, the relaxation functions gi(i  =  1,2) and degenerate damping terms, we obtain global existence of solutions. Then, we prove the general decay result. Finally, we prove the finite time blow‐up result of solutions with negative initial energy. This work generalizes and improves earlier results in the literature.
Increased Consumption of Virgin Olive Oil, Nuts, Legumes, Whole Grains, and Fish Promotes HDL Functions in Humans
Authors: Hernáez Álvaro , Sanllorente Albert , Castañer Olga , Martínez‐González Miguel Á. , Ros Emilio , Pintó Xavier , Estruch Ramón , Salas‐Salvadó Jordi , Corella Dolores , Alonso‐Gómez Ángel M. , Serra‐Majem Lluis , Fiol Miquel , Lapetra José , Gómez‐Gracia Enrique , de la Torre Rafael , Lamuela‐Raventós Rosa‐María , Fitó Montserrat
Published: January 2019

Scope

To evaluate whether increases in the consumption of cardioprotective food groups (virgin olive oil, nuts, fruits/vegetables, legumes, whole grains, fish, and wine) are associated with improvements in high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) functions in high cardiovascular risk subjects.

Methods and Results

The association between 1‐year changes in food group consumption and HDL functionality traits in 296 high cardiovascular risk subjects is assessed. Increases in virgin olive oil (10 g d–1) and whole grain consumption (25 g d–1) are associated with increments in cholesterol efflux capacity (+0.7%, P = 0.026, and +0.6%, P = 0.017, respectively). Increases in nut (30 g d–1) and legume intake (25 g d–1) are linked to increments in paraoxonase‐1 activity (+12.2%, P = 0.049, and +11.7%, P = 0.043, respectively). Legume intake increases are also related to decreases in cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity (–4.8%, P = 0.028). Fish consumption increments (25 g d–1) are associated with increases in paraoxonase‐1 activity (+3.9%, P = 0.030) and declines in cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity (–1.6%, P = 0.021), HDL cholesterol concentrations (–1.1%, P = 0.039), and functions related to HDL levels (cholesterol efflux capacity, –1.1%, P = 0.010).

Conclusion

Increases in the consumption of virgin olive oil, nuts, legumes, whole grains, and fish (achievable through a regular diet) were associated with improvements in HDL functions in high cardiovascular risk subjects.
Preservice teachers’ self‐efficacy in managing students with symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: The roles of diagnostic label and students’ gender
Authors: Lee Ka Wai , Cheung Rebecca Y. M. , Chen Ming
Published: January 2019

The present study investigated preservice teachers’ self‐efficacy in classroom management involving students with symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A total of 137 Chinese preservice teachers were randomly presented with one of four vignettes involving a student character with ADHD symptoms, with manipulations including the character’s gender and diagnostic label of ADHD. Upon reading the vignette, participants responded to questions concerning their self‐efficacy in inclusive classroom management involving the character. Findings based on analysis of covariance indicated an interaction effect of the vignette character’s gender and label on teachers’ self‐efficacy. Specifically, teachers perceived greater self‐efficacy in a classroom involving a girl with an ADHD label than in a classroom involving a girl with no label or a boy with a label. Findings enriched the literature concerning the roles of gender and label in preservice teachers’ self‐efficacy toward inclusive classroom management.
Ramachandran maps for side chains in globular proteins
Authors: Rose George D.
Published: January 2019

The Ramachandran plot for backbone ϕ,ψ‐angles in a blocked monopeptide has played a central role in understanding protein structure. Curiously, a similar analysis for side chain χ‐angles has been comparatively neglected. Instead, efforts have focused on compiling various types of side chain libraries extracted from proteins of known structure. Departing from this trend, the following analysis presents backbone‐based maps of side chains in blocked monopeptides. As in the original ϕ,ψ‐plot, these maps are derived solely from hard‐sphere steric repulsion. Remarkably, the side chain biases exhibit marked similarities to corresponding biases seen in high‐resolution protein structures. Consequently, some of the entropic cost for side chain localization in proteins is prepaid prior to the onset of folding events because conformational bias is built into the chain at the covalent level. Furthermore, side chain conformations are seen to experience fewer steric restrictions for backbone conformations in either the α or β basins, those map regions where repetitive ϕ,ψ‐angles result in α‐helices or strands of β‐sheet, respectively. Here, these α and β basins are entropically favored for steric reasons alone; a blocked monopeptide is too short to accommodate the peptide hydrogen bonds that stabilize repetitive secondary structure. Thus, despite differing energetics, α/β‐basins are favored for both monopeptides and repetitive secondary structure, underpinning an energetically unfrustrated compatibility between these two levels of protein structure.
Medical simulation in pharmacology learning and retention: A comparison study with traditional teaching in undergraduate medical students
Authors: Arcoraci Vincenzo , Squadrito Francesco , Altavilla Domenica , Bitto Alessandra , Minutoli Letteria , Penna Olivia , Amato Antonio , Bruno Rosario , Tripodi Vincenzo Francesco , Alibrandi Angela , Ingrassia Pier Luigi , Santalucia Paola , Fodale Vincenzo
Published: January 2019

The purpose of the study was to determine whether low‐high fidelity medical simulation improves learning and long‐lasting retention of pharmacology knowledge, compared to lecture alone, in undergraduate medical students. Ninety students, before a 45‐minute lecture, were randomized into three groups ‐ sham (S), low (LF), and high fidelity (HF) simulation ‐ to participate in an interactive simulation session. To evaluate immediate and long‐lasting retention, a 20‐item structured questionnaire on inotropic agents was administered to 90 students before and after a 45‐minute lecture, after simulation, and 3 months later. In all groups, the rate of correct answers increased after lecture, while no difference was observed between different groups (P = 0.543). After simulation, students in the HF group provided more correct answers compared to S or LF group (P > 0.001). After 3 months, a significant decrease in the number of correct answers was observed in S (P < 0.001) and LF (P < 0.001) groups, but not in the HF group (P = 0.066). Moreover, HF simulation resulted in an increased number of correct answers compared to the LF (P < 0.001) or S simulation (P < 0.001). These data suggest that advanced medical simulation teaching applied to pharmacology is associated with more effective learning and long‐lasting retention compared to lecture alone.
Robust disturbance rejection for repetitive control systems with time‐varying nonlinearities
Authors: Yu Pan , Liu Kang‐Zhi , She Jinhua , Wu Min , Nakanishi Yosuke
Published: January 2019

This paper presents a disturbance‐rejection method for a modified repetitive control system with a nonlinearity. Taking advantage of stable inversion, an improved equivalent‐input‐disturbance (EID) estimator that is more relaxed for system design is developed to estimate and cancel out the influence of the disturbance and nonlinearity in the low‐frequency domain. The high‐frequency influence is filtered owning to the low‐pass nature of the linear part of the closed‐loop system. To avoid the restrictive commutative condition and choose a Lyapunov function of a more general form, a new design algorithm, which takes into account the relation between the feedback control gains and the observer and improved EID estimator gains, is developed for the nonlinear system. Furthermore, comparisons with the generalized extended‐state observer (GESO) and conventional EID methods are conducted. A clear relation between the developed estimator and the GESO is also clarified. Finally, simulations show the effectiveness and the advantage of the developed method.
Adaptive neural integral sliding‐mode control for tracking control of fully actuated uncertain surface vessels
Authors: Van Mien
Published: January 2019

This paper develops a novel adaptive neural integral sliding‐mode control to enhance the tracking performance of fully actuated uncertain surface vessels. The proposed method is built based on an integrating between the benefits of the approximation capability of neural network (NN) and the high robustness and precision of the integral sliding‐mode control (ISMC). In this paper, the design of NN, which is used to approximate the unknown dynamics, is simplified such that just only one simple adaptive rule is needed. The ISMC, which can eliminate the reaching phase and offer higher tracking performance compared to the conventional sliding‐mode control, is designed such that the system robust against the approximation error and stabilize the whole system. The design procedure of the proposed controller is constructed according to the backstepping control technique so that the stability of the closed‐loop system is guaranteed based on Lyapunov criteria. The proposed method is then tested on a simulated vessel system using computer simulation and compared with other state‐of‐the‐art methods. The comparison results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed approach.
A variance‐constrained approach to event‐triggered distributed extended Kalman filtering with multiple fading measurements
Authors: Song Weihao , Wang Jianan , Wang Chunyan , Shan Jiayuan
Published: January 2019

In this paper, a distributed extended Kalman filtering problem is studied for discrete‐time nonlinear systems with multiple fading measurements. To alleviate the network communication burden, the event‐triggered communication scheme is employed in both sensor‐to‐estimator channel and estimator‐to‐estimator channel. As such, the data transmission is executed only when the predefined event occurs. In addition, a set of independent random variables with known statistical properties is defined to represent the phenomenon of multiple fading measurements. The variance‐constrained approach is adopted to derive an upper bound for the estimation error covariance in consideration of the event‐triggered mechanism and truncated error by linearization. The filter gain for each node is then designed to minimize such an upper bound by recursively solving two Raccati‐like difference equations. By virtue of the stochastic stability theory, a sufficient condition is provided to guarantee the boundedness of the estimation error. Finally, a simulation example is presented to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed filtering algorithm.
Chromodomain Helicase DNA-Binding Protein 7 Is Suppressed in the Perinecrotic/Ischemic Microenvironment and Is a Novel Regulator of Glioblastoma Angiogenesis
Authors: Boyd Nathaniel H. , Walker Kiera , Ayokanmbi Adetokunbo , Gordon Emily R. , Whetsel Julia , Smith Cynthia M. , Sanchez Richard G. , Lubin Farah D. , Chakraborty Asmi , Tran Anh Nhat , Herting Cameron , Hambardzumyan Dolores , Yancey Gillespie G. , Hackney James R. , Cooper Sara J. , Jiao Kai , Hjelmeland Anita B.
Published: January 2019

Tumorigenic and non-neoplastic tissue injury occurs via the ischemic microenvironment defined by low oxygen, pH, and nutrients due to blood supply malfunction. Ischemic conditions exist within regions of pseudopalisading necrosis, a pathological hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. To recapitulate the physiologic microenvironment found in GBM tumors and tissue injury, we developed an in vitro ischemic model and identified chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 7 (CHD7) as a novel ischemia-regulated gene. Point mutations in the CHD7 gene are causal in CHARGE syndrome (a developmental disorder causing coloboma, heart defects, atresia choanae, retardation of growth, and genital and ear anomalies) and interrupt the epigenetic functions of CHD7 in regulating neural stem cell maintenance and development. Using our ischemic system, we observed microenvironment-mediated decreases in CHD7 expression in brain tumor-initiating cells and neural stem cells. Validating our approach, CHD7 was suppressed in the perinecrotic niche of GBM patient and xenograft sections, and an interrogation of patient gene expression datasets determined correlations of low CHD7 with increasing glioma grade and worse patient outcomes. Segregation of GBM by molecular subtype revealed a novel observation that CHD7 expression is elevated in proneural versus mesenchymal GBM. Genetic targeting of CHD7 and subsequent gene ontology analysis of RNA sequencing data indicated angiogenesis as a primary biological function affected by CHD7 expression changes. We validated this finding in tube-formation assays and vessel formation in orthotopic GBM models. Together, our data provide further understanding of molecular responses to ischemia and a novel function of CHD7 in regulating angiogenesis in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic systems. Stem Cells  2019;37:453–462