bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Odwołania do Boga w konstytucjach państw współczesnych. Studium komparatystyczne
Authors: Maroń Grzegorz
Published: May 2020

W artykule przedstawiono rezultaty ilościowo-jakościowego komparatystycznego studium konstytucji państw współczesnych pod kątem obecności w nich bezpośrednich odniesień do Boga. Odwołania do Boga występujące w ustawach zasadniczych blisko 2/3 państw globu posiadają różną postać językową i pełnią kilka funkcji. Najczęściej przybierają formę invocatio lub nominatio Dei w preambułach oraz pojawiają się w rotach przysięgi funkcjonariuszy publicznych, rzadziej są natomiast udziałem innych postanowień konstytucji, np. tych określających oficjalne symbole państwowe, jak flaga, hymn czy godło. Odwołania do Boga w ustawach zasadniczych nie mają wymiaru teologicznego, lecz stanowią przejaw responsywności ustrojodawcy wobec przekonań i wierzeń obywateli o Bogu. W ocenie autora, decyzja o zamieszczeniu, niezamieszczeniu lub usunięciu odniesienia do Boga w konstytucji powinna stanowić wypadkową ewoluującej doniosłości sfery sacrum dla społeczeństwa danego państwa jako politycznego suwerena.
Szczegółowe lub kompleksowe zasady ochrony danych osobowych stosowane przed wejściem w życie RODO na przykładzie Kościoła Ewangelicko-Augsburskiego w RP
Authors: Hucał Michał
Published: May 2020

Rozporządzenie Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady Unii Europejskiej nr 2016/679 z dnia 27 kwietnia 2016 r. w sprawie ochrony osób fizycznych w związku z przetwarzaniem danych osobowych i w sprawie swobodnego przepływu takich danych (w skrócie RODO), ma znacznie większą siłę oddziaływania na Kościoły i inne związki wyznaniowe niż wcześniej obowiązująca dyrektywa 95/46/WE Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z dnia 24 października 1995 r. w sprawie ochrony osób w związku z przetwarzaniem danych osobowych oraz swobodnego przepływu takich danych. Zgodnie z art. 91 ust. 1 RODO Kościoły i inne związki wyznaniowe, które w momencie wejścia w życie rozporządzenia – tj. 24 maja 2016 r. – stosowały szczegółowe zasady ochrony osób fizycznych w związku z przetwarzaniem danych, mogą je nadal stosować, jeśli zostały one dostosowane do RODO.

Porównanie polskiej wersji art. 91 RODO z jego angielskim odpowiednikiem budzi jednak poważne wątpliwości. Zamiast przymiotnika „kompleksowy”, który wydaje się być dokładniejszym tłumaczeniem słowa „comprehensive” występującego w angielskiej wersji tekstu, użyto określenia „szczegółowy”. W konsekwencji, w obowiązującym prawie państw Unii Europejskiej, dwie różne kategorie pojęciowe są używane w tym samym kontekście w zależności od języka: „szczegółowe zasady” oraz „kompleksowe zasady”. W tej sytuacji jednolite stosowanie prawa jest znacząco utrudnione.           

W niniejszym opracowaniu zostały poddane analizie zasady ochrony danych osobowych przewidziane w porządku prawnym Kościoła Ewangelicko-Augsburskiego w RP. Stanowią one przykład zasad, jakie Kościoły i inne związki wyznaniowe stosowały przed wejściem w życie RODO. Uzasadnieniem wyboru KE-A jako przykładowego jest fakt, że należy on do największych Kościołów i innych związków wyznaniowych w Polsce, a ponadto stosunek państwa do niego – jak i czternastu innych –został określony odrębną ustawą.
Ulgi podatkowe z tytułu darowizn na kościelną działalność charytatywno-opiekuńczą
Authors: Abramowicz Aneta Maria
Published: May 2020

Związki wyznaniowe w Polsce mogą być finansowane m.in. poprzez przekazywanie na ich rzecz darowizn. Darczyńca z tytułu dokonania darowizny może skorzystać z ulgi podatkowej. W sposób szczególny darczyńca może skorzystać z ulgi podatkowej z tytułu dokonania darowizny na kościelną działalność charytatywno-opiekuńczą prowadzoną przez kościelne osoby prawne. Podstawę normatywną tej ulgi podatkowej stanowią właściwe przepisy ustaw, które regulują sytuację prawną poszczególnych związków wyznaniowych, a nie ustawy podatkowe. Jednak przepisy wskazanych ustaw możliwość skorzystania z tej ulgi podatkowej uzależniają od spełnienia kilku warunków. Kościelna osoba prawna, na rzecz której dokonano darowizny, powinna wystawić darczyńcy pokwitowanie odbioru darowanej kwoty oraz w ciągu dwóch lat od jej uzyskania jest zobowiązana złożyć sprawozdanie z przeznaczenia wskazanej kwoty na działalność charytatywno-opiekuńczą. Ponadto, zgodnie z przepisami podatkowymi, potwierdzeniem wysokości darowanej kwoty powinien być dowód wpłaty darowizny na rachunek bankowy osoby obdarowanej. W praktyce spełnienie wskazanych warunków wywołuje wiele trudności. Świadczy o tym bogate orzecznictwo Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego, zwłaszcza dotyczące zagadnienia sprawozdania z przeznaczenia darowizny na działalność charytatywno-opiekuńczą kościelnej osoby prawnej.

Naczelny Sąd Administracyjny w swoim orzecznictwie doprecyzowuje pojęcie sprawozdania z przeznaczenia darowizny na działalność charytatywno-opiekuńczą kościelnej osoby prawnej. Jednak, jak pokazuje praktyka, wyjaśnienia te są nadal niewystarczające.
Islamizacja prawa karnego Pakistanu na przykładzie nowelizacji i stosowania przepisów prawa o bluźnierstwie
Authors: Dziwisz Stanisław
Published: May 2020

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest analiza przepisów rozdziału XV pakistańskiego kodeksu karnego, zatytułowanego „Przestępstwa związane z religią”, powszechnie znanego jako „prawo o bluźnierstwie”. W rozdziale tym znajdują się przepisy penalizujące zachowania polegające między innymi na bluźnierstwie, profanacji Koranu, obrażaniu uczuć religijnych i stosowaniu obraźliwych uwag w odniesieniu do Proroka Mahometa. W artykule dokonano analizy rozwiązań prawnych składających się na tzw. „prawo o bluźnierstwie” wraz z niezbędnymi historycznymi aspektami ich istnienia.

Podczas reżimu wojskowego generała Zia-ul-Hag rozpoczęto islamizację praw i instytucji, co wyraźnie widać na przykładzie pakistańskiego prawa karnego. W tych latach do Kodeksu karnego wprowadzono pięć dodatkowych przepisów, w tym artykuł 295-C, który penalizuje stosowanie obraźliwych uwag w odniesieniu do Proroka Mahometa. Przedstawione przepisy prawne są często krytykowane za dyskryminację mniejszości religijnych i niezgodność z prawami człowieka. Naruszają także zagwarantowane w konstytucji Islamskiej Republiki Pakistanu zasady równości i wolności religii. Ich wprowadzenie było częścią realizowanego przez władze publiczne planu całkowitej islamizacji prawa i państwa.
Penerapan Metode Fuzzy Tsukamoto untuk Pemilihan Karyawan Terbaik Berbasis Java Desktop
Authors: Satria Fandra , Sibarani Alexander J.P.
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT. Patra Trading, yang memiliki bisnis utama pada aktivitas niaga produk-produk non BBM. Perusahaan memandang bahwa kinerja pegawai perlu ditingkatkan melalui pemberian penghargaan secara periodik terhadap karyawan yang memiliki kinerja terbaik. Pemilihan karyawan berkinerja terbaik selama ini dilakukan dengan menerapkan tiga kriteria yaitu: Absensi, kepribadian, dan problem solving. Penilaian dilakukan dengan mengambil data dari mesin absensi dan pengamatan secara visual. Untuk kriteria kepribadian dan problem solving sering diabaikan karena nilai yang bersifat subjektif. Seluruh perhitungan dilakukan secara manual. Sistem pendukung keputusan perlu diterapkan untuk dapat mengatasi hal tersebut. Metode fuzzy tsukamoto merupakan metode yang digunakan untuk membantu dalam pemberian rekomendasi secara cepat, tepat, dan akurat. Maka dikembangkan sebuah aplikasi yang dapat memberi rekomendasi terhadap penentuan karyawan berkinerja terbaik berdasarkan kriteria yang sudah ditentukan. Dari hasil pengujian, seluruh fungsi berjalan dengan baik dan diperoleh hasil karyawan yang memperoleh nilai tertinggi dengan status “TERBAIK” memperoleh nilai probabilitas 90,85586.

 

Kata kunci: Fuzzy, Karyawan, Tsukamoto, Sistem Pendukung Keputusan

 

Abstract

This research was conducted at PT. Patra Trading, which has a main business in trading activities of non-fuel products. The company considers that employee performance needs to be improved through periodic rewards of employees who have the best performance. The selection of the best performing employees so far has been done by applying three criteria, namely: Attendance, personality, and problem solving. Assessment is done by taking data from the attendance machine and visual observation. For personality criteria and problem solving are often ignored because the values ​​are subjective. All calculations are done manually. Decision support systems need to be implemented to overcome this. Tsukamoto fuzzy method is a method used to assist in providing recommendations quickly, precisely, and accurately. Then an application was developed that could provide recommendations for determining the best performing employees based on predetermined criteria. From the test results, all functions  run well and the results obtained by employees who received the highest value with the status of

"BEST" obtained a probability value of 90.8586.

 Keywords: Fuzzy, Employee, Tsukamoto, Decision Support System
Digital educational environment in the context of preparing students-linguists for intercultural communication
Authors: Chekun Olga A.
Published: May 2020

The article explores the issues of preparing students-linguists for intercultural communication using a digital educational environment and various digital tools and the impact of the digital educational environment on students’ motivation. The author considers the pedagogical potential of the digital educational environment and digital tools in preparing students for intercultural communication. The author conducted a survey for students-linguists of “International School of Business and the World Economy” of Plekhanov Russian University of Economics within the course “Introduction to the Theory of Intercultural Communication” in the context of this methodology. The survey results showed positive changes in motivation and understanding of cross-cultural differences.
Student-faculty interaction outside the classroom: Theoretical review of foreign studies
Authors: Kuryan Maria L. , Voronina Elena A.
Published: May 2020

The authors review and analyze scientific publications on the topic of studentfaculty interaction outside the classroom. In the paper, the historical and theoretical background of the phenomenon of student-faculty interaction is presented; on this basis, various types of such communication are identified and described. The authors examine how out-of-classroom interaction influences the participants of this process, which factors and characteristics determine its types and intensity. The issues related to the perception of this type of contact by students and teachers are also highlighted in the paper, and the importance to realize its complexity and multidimensionality is emphasized
Brainstorming Revisited: Does Technology Facilitate Argumentative Essay Writing?
Authors: Rashtchi Mojgan , Porkar Reza
Published: May 2020

Brainstorming, as a pre-writing activity, facilitates the process of generating ideas and helps organize learners’ thoughts to get involved in writing activities. The present convergent mixed-methods study investigated whether the integration of technology and brainstorming could affect the argumentative writing of EFL learners. Initially, 68 university students in three intact classes (n=26, n=23, n=20) were exposed to mobile-assisted brainstorming (n=26), wordle-assisted brainstorming (n=23), and cooperative brainstorming (n=20) in the quantitative phase. For qualitative data collection, each session, some paper strips with three questions on them were distributed among the groups to help the researchers discover the participants’ learning processes and perceptions during the instruction. Sixty-five participants who had attended all treatment sessions took one immediate post-test on a seen and one delayed post-test on an unseen topic. Two one-way analysis of variance tests (ANOVA) examined whether there were statistically significant differences between the means of the groups. The results revealed that the wordle-assisted brainstorming group outperformed the two other groups in both post-tests. The findings supported the use of word clouds as a cognitive activity in promoting the argumentative essay writing of Iranian EFL learners. The study has implications for teachers, practitioners, and educators.
Pathways to the Successful Teaching and Learning of an L2: Introduction to the Honorary Volume of the Language Teaching Research Quarterly
Authors: White Cynthia , Bown Jennifer
Published: May 2020

The notion of language learners as informed consumers developed by Cohen and White (2008) takes up the issue of how best to develop the knowledge, skills and awareness of language learners given the infinite variety of language learning opportunities. The informed consumer approach focused not only on developing awareness of both formal and informal learning environments, but also on enhancing the ability to critically appraise those opportunities and to optimise language learning within them. In this article we trace how the notion of language learners as informed consumers has been drawn on in innovative studies of technology-mediated language learning; a common focus of those studies has been on ways of fostering awareness of the potential of particular technology-mediated learning environments and the relevant knowledge and skills which would support the active and effective use of those environments. We show how strands of the informed consumer approach have been used to investigate expertise and affordances in electronic dictionary use (Levy & Steel, 2015) and the trajectories of distance learners of Chinese (Tasker, 2010). In the latter part of the article we consider the experiences and reflections of learners of Arabic in a study abroad context in Jordan as part of Project Perseverance; findings from that project open up new dimensions of what it means to be an informed consumer of language instruction in relation to specific situational and cultural norms and constraints. To conclude the article identifies not only the distinctive contribution of the informed consumer approach but also how it sheds light on the ways in which individuals seek out and curate personally meaningful sites for language learning within their life worlds.
Promoting Advantageous Ways for Teachers and Learners to Deal with Corrective Feedback
Authors: Eslami Zohreh R. , Derakhshan Ali
Published: May 2020

Researchers and educators in the field of second language acquisition (SLA) have long been interested in the role of corrective feedback (CF) in language teaching and learning (Cohen, 1975, 2018; Ellis, Loewen, & Erlam, 2006). The main goal is to explore how to provide CF, the kind of feedback to provide, when, and by whom in order to facilitate learner’s uptake and second language (L2) development (e.g., Carroll & Swain, 1993; Han, 2002; Lyster & Ranta, 1997). As Cohen (2018) states, aligned with more learner-centered approaches to language teaching, not only should teachers know how to deal with providing CF but they also need to promote learners’ awareness as informed consumers of CF to optimize its effect in their L2 development journey with the highest level of efficiency (Cohen & White, 2008). CF is defined as comments on accuracy or suitability of students’ comprehension or production of a foreign/second language. The extent of CF and the ways in which learners can strategically embark on such CF is still open to debate due to the fact that there are many mediating factors influencing the efficacy of CF. Consequently, being able to propose advantageous ways of providing CF by teachers and effective use of CF by learners in L2 education settings remains a desideratum which requires a systematic review of various aspects of CF and factors contributing to its effectiveness. To this end, the current paper opens by providing a definition of CF and delineating how it is operationalized in different theoretical schemes. Categories of CF are described as are technology-based means for CF, and key dilemmas regarding CF and its effectiveness are noted. The conclusion reached is that CF must be viewed as highly complex – especially as it concerns learners’ autonomy in L2 development and in effectively strategic use of CF. The article ends with some recommendations regarding advantageous ways of promoting CF practice in L2 classrooms.
Diffusion tensor-MRI detects exercise-induced neuroplasticity in the hippocampal microstructure in mice
Authors: Islam Mohammad R. , Luo Renhao , Valaris Sophia , Haley Erin B. , Takase Hajime , Chen Yinching Iris , Dickerson Bradford C. , Schon Karin , Arai Ken , Nguyen Christopher T. , Wrann Christiane D.
Published: May 2020

Background: Despite considerable research on exercise-induced neuroplasticity in the brain, a major ongoing challenge in translating findings from animal studies to humans is that clinical and preclinical settings employ very different techniques. Objective: Here we aim to bridge this divide by using diffusion tensor imaging MRI (DTI), an advanced imaging technique commonly applied in human studies, in a longitudinal exercise study with mice. Methods: Wild-type mice were exercised using voluntary free-wheel running, and MRI scans were at baseline and after four weeks and nine weeks of running. Results: Both hippocampal volume and fractional anisotropy, a surrogate for microstructural directionality, significantly increased with exercise. In addition, exercise levels correlated with effect size. Histological analysis showed more PDGFRα+ oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the corpus callosum of running mice. Conclusions: These results provide compelling in vivo support for the concept that similar adaptive changes occur in the brains of mice and humans in response to exercise.
The status quo of digital transformation in China: A pilot study
Authors: Yan Mengling , Liu Jiapeng , Dou Shengwen , Sun Yueyi , Dai Yishu , Dong Xiaoying
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: As the digital economy evolving as a nation-level strategy of China, firm decision-makers have shown increased interest in implementing digital transformation. However, they lack strategic guidance towards the realization of digital transformation. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to provide a holistic and comprehensive understanding of the status quo of Chinese firms’ digital transformation. METHODS: We fulfill this task by combining qualitative and quantitative methods. First, a conceptual model and an associated survey tool are developed based on an in-depth literature review and field practitioners’ opinions. The status quo of digital transformation is decomposed into 5 dimensions. Second, empirical survey data collected from 282 Chinese firms are analyzed and interpreted both in general and across industry types and ownerships. RESULTS: We find that the majority of Chinese firms reach a consensus on the strategic importance of digital transformation and agree on the importance of technological and human resources. In general, firms in the information technology sector scored higher in all five dimensions compared with firms in the manufacturing sector, and private-owned firms scored higher in all five dimensions than state-owned firms. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study set a basis for the development of a maturity model of digital transformation and offers practical insights for Chinese firms to initiate and implement digital transformation projects.
Reconceptualizing examination debar criteria using fuzzy logic
Authors: Jain Shikha , Kaur Parmeet
Published: May 2020

Strict requirements regarding student attendance have always been a debated topic in academic institutions. Numerous studies carried out to relate class attendance with a student’s overall performance have reported positive as well as negative results; thereby not resulting in a clear overall conclusion. Therefore, this paper presents a fuzzy logic based attendance evaluation system for higher educational institutions. The proposed fuzzy system considers four attributes: student attendance in the current course, overall performance, performance in the current course and faculty’s assessment for deciding if the student should be debarred from examination, allowed taking the examination or be given reconsideration. Since the considered attributes are relevant to any course, it results in a generalized model which may be adapted according to the specific requirements of courses at different universities. The proposed model is implemented using the fuzzy logic toolkit of OCTAVE. The application of the system to actual students’ data has yielded an accuracy of 95.25%. Further, for performance analysis, three classification algorithms, namely Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine and Neural Networks are also applied on the same dataset.
Impact of a Healing Garden on Self-Consciousness in Patients with Advanced Alzheimer’s Disease: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Gueib Claire , Pop Alina , Bannay Aurélie , Nassau Emeline , Fescharek Reinhard , Gil Roger , Luc Amandine , Rivasseau Jonveaux Thérèse
Published: May 2020

Background:

The environment of patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders (ADRD) intensifies the consequences of cognitive impairment and exacerbates behavioral problems if inappropriate or, conversely, mitigate these problems if its design is tailored to the needs of these persons.

Objective:

We evaluate the impacts of hospitalization and of a specific healing garden on self-consciousness which represent a central impairment in ADRD. The self-consciousness questionnaire (SCQ), validated for its assessment at mild to moderate phases of the disease, explores the dimensions of personal identity, awareness of cognitive deficiencies, self-assessment of affective state, awareness of body representation, prospective memory, capacity for introspection, and moral judgments.

Methods:

After having verified, by means of a preliminary study, its feasibility to the more advanced stages of the disease, this questionnaire allowed assessment of the impact of the environment by comparing, in routine care, patients hospitalized in a cognitive-behavioral unit who solely remain indoors with others who use the Art, Memory and Life healing garden.

Results:

A significant decrease in SCQ due to an increase in anosognosia during hospitalization was observed in the group that remained indoors. For the group using the garden, a positive effect on overall SCQ score was observed, as a result of a significant improvement in body representation as the driving parameter.

Conclusion:

Factors that are grounded in the hypotheses that spearheaded its conception, such as sensory enrichment, familiarity, contact with nature, scaffolding role for cognitive functions, supportive effect for social interactions, and the “Nancy hypotheses of beauty”, thus contribute to their validation.
Changes in lower limb muscle activation and gait function according to cane dependence in chronic stroke patients
Authors: Kang Young Sic , Cho Ki Hun
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Few quantitative analyses have been performed on muscle activation and gait function according to cane dependence. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to measure changes in the lower limb muscle activation and gait function according to reduced cane dependence using a weight-bearing feedback cane (WBFC) that had been designed to quantitatively measure cane dependence in stroke patients during walking. METHODS: Twenty-four subjects were recruited from a local rehabilitation hospital. The WBFC measured the average weight support (AWS, kg) loaded on the cane during walking through a Bluetooth connection to laptop software. All subjects walked 20 m using a WBFC set in the three levels of weight support (WSR, 100%, 60%, and 20%) based on the measured AWS. Paretic lower limb muscle activation and gait function (velocity, cadence, paretic side stride length, and symmetry index) were measured using wireless surface EMG and a 3-axis accelerometer during walking. RESULTS: The paretic side lower limb muscle activation of the 20% WSR on the cane was significantly higher than that of the 100% WSR on the cane (p< 0.05). Gait functions of the 20% WSR on the cane were significantly lower than those of the 100% WSR on the cane (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that indiscreet weight support on the cane during walking can interfere with lower limb muscle activation and gait function. Therefore, in a clinical setting, reducing cane dependence during stroke gait training should be carefully considered.
Research and development of 3D printing orthotic insoles and preliminary treatment of leg length discrepancy patients
Authors: Wang Kai , Lu Chunhua , Ye Rongju , He Wen , Wei Xiating , Li Yuan , Pan Xiaolin , Zhao Cuilian , Yu Xiang
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Leg length discrepancy (LLD) can cause abnormal posture, muscle and/or joint pains, which leads to walking difficulties. The common treatment is to use a shoe lift on the shorter leg side, but this has unsatisfying results. OBJECTIVE: Through research and development, we created 3D printing orthotic insoles for LLD patients and aimed to improve their symptoms. METHODS: 1. Research and development of 3D printing orthotic insole: (1) foot scan and data acquisition; (2) insole software modeling; (3) 3D printing insole using TPU materials, and (4) post-processing. 2. Clinical observation: we customized insoles for LLD patients and required them to wear them while walking. We conducted general inquiries and a functional evaluation before and after 12 weeks of wearing insoles. RESULTS: There are seven complete cases. The joint and lower back pains were alleviated. The stride frequency, stride and pace were improved in all seven cases. Patients’ overall health condition improved significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The 3D printing orthotic insoles are made with clear procedures and practical operability. By wearing insoles, patients’ muscle and/or joint pains were relieved and their gaits were improved.
DCU-Net: Multi-scale U-Net for brain tumor segmentation
Authors: Yang Tiejun , Zhou Yudan , Li Lei , Zhu Chunhua
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND:

Brain tumor segmentation plays an important role in assisting diagnosis of disease, treatment plan planning, and surgical navigation.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aims to improve the accuracy of tumor boundary segmentation using the multi-scale U-Net network.

METHODS:

In this study, a novel U-Net with dilated convolution (DCU-Net) structure is proposed for brain tumor segmentation based on the classic U-Net structure. First, the MR brain tumor images are pre-processed to alleviate the class imbalance problem by reducing the input of the background pixels. Then, the multi-scale spatial pyramid pooling is used to replace the max pooling at the end of the down-sampling path. It can expand the feature receptive field while maintaining image resolution. Finally, a dilated convolution residual block is combined to improve the skip connections in the training networks to improve the network’s ability to recognize the tumor details.

RESULTS:

The proposed model has been evaluated using the Brain Tumor Segmentation (BRATS) 2018 Challenge training dataset and achieved the dice similarity coefficients (DSC) score of 0.91, 0.78 and 0.83 for whole tumor, core tumor and enhancing tumor segmentation, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

The experiment results indicate that the proposed model yields a promising performance in automated brain tumor segmentation.
"Ética de la empresa. Teoría y casos prácticos" (Recensión)
Authors: Camacho Laraña, S.I. Ildefonso
Published: May 2020

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Reseñas
Authors: Theotonio Cáceres, S.I. Vicente , Yuste, S.I. Rafael , Camacho Laraña, S.I. Ildefonso , Trechera Herreros José Luis , Sequeiros San Román, S.I. Leandro , Morales Gutiérrez Alfonso Carlos
Published: May 2020

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Reseñas
Authors: Trechera Herreros José Luis , Aguilar Gómez José , Sequeiros San Román, S.I. Leandro , Morales Gutiérrez Alfonso Carlos , Prieto Martínez Fernando
Published: May 2020

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Las migraciones: problema o síntoma
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: May 2020

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Aportaciones de la teología de la liberación al pensamiento social cristiano
Authors: Yuste, S.I. Rafael
Published: May 2020

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X Reunión del Grupo Fomento Social
Authors: Camacho Laraña, S.I. Ildefonso
Published: May 2020

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"Informe sobre desarrollo humano 1996" (Recensión)
Authors: Camacho Laraña, S.I. Ildefonso
Published: May 2020

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Negativity in Filmonyms Translation: Interpretative Transformation or the Transformation of the Mind?
Authors: Pankratova S. A.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. The paper considers the specifics of filmonyms’ translation in the modern film discourse. The purpose of this paper is the analysis of the translation strategy for filmonyms’ negativisation. Scientific novelty consists in a new, cognitive approach to the analysis of translation activities, carried out at the level of consciousness with the analysis of cognitive concepts behind the translated material. The object of this research is the variety of foreign film industry filmonyms, which had been translated with the introduction of the negative connotation. Actuality of work is determined by the demand for the efficient introduction of the foreign content in its harmonious balance with the home content in the situation of a fierce international competition.

Methodology and sources. Cognitive-discursive approach to the film discourse is used in the paper, being carried out through synchronous comparison of home and foreign variants. The methodology of estimation objectification is applied for the demonstration of the degree of convenience and ease of the resulting translation in the receiving culture. The filmonyms’ translation analysis is based on the transcreational method of reconceptualization, accompanied by the domestication of filmonyms in the home culture. The source for the analysis is found in the tree-year collection of 400 non-equivalently translated filmonyms from the home periodical “Peterburgsky telezritel’ “ of 2017-2020.

Results and discussion. The analysis of negatively coloured filmonyms in home film discourse was based on the cognitive-discursive method, demonstrating meaningful statements behind the source and the translated material. The analysis of the negativity in the filmonyms’ translation has demonstrated, that the best is modified as the worst, the degree of danger is magnified, and fair game is turned into an unfair one, while the examples of amelioration in translation are rare. This is explained by the tendency for the pejorative valuation and results in the general viewers’ distrust for the film industry.

                . The use of the cognitive-discursive methods allowed to define the degree of the evaluative variability of the filmonyms’ translation, as well as the trend for the pejorative evaluation, reflecting the cultural specifics of the receiving culture in its contrast with the positivity of the culture of the original filmonyms. As a result the conclusion was formed, declaring the formation of the interpretational dialect of the film industry, which is lowering the level of the consumer preferences, which consequently leads to the growth of isolation and to the syndrome of the “social exclusion“.
Ontology of Augmented Reality
Authors: Ignatyev V. I.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. The purpose of the paper is to justify the possibility of developing ontology of augmented reality as a special sphere of social space. A comparative analysis of approaches to the interpretation of reality in philosophy and theoretical sociology is carried out. The original provisions of the conceptual model of social reality and social actuality have been formulated. The concepts of actual and virtual social actions are introduced and analyzed.

Methodology and sources. The main provisions of phenomenological sociology are used as the methodological basis of the study: A. Schutz's interpretation of social reality as a fragment of being translated into the world of intersubjective, and P. Berger and T. Luckmann's characterization of the reality of society as a process of its construction in practical activities. The features of augmented reality, revealed in the works of R. Azuma, P. Milgram, A. F. Kishino, H. Papagiannis, A. M. Larsen, S. A. Glazkova, O. N. Kislova and other researchers, are taken into account. Descriptions of the characteristics of augmented reality devices are derived from reports from research center heads: the descriptions of the characteristics of augmented reality devices are derived from reports from the heads of research centers involved in the development and implementation of digital technologies: universities in London, Tokio and Toronto, Hasso-Plattner Institute in Germany, Finnish company Senseg, company Disney Research, company High Fidelity, MIT self-assembly labs, MIT Media Lab Group, San Francisco-based Detour startup, Google and Microsoft etc.

Results and discussion. The environment shaped by augmented reality is much more complex than it is in its immediate perception. It includes four spaces: 1) subject world, 2) the mental world and 3) the hybrid world as a symbiosis of real and imaginary worlds, or 4) symbiosis of real-world fragments – torn in space and time and combined with technology in devices that give the individual's ability to be present when observing their combined existence.

Conclusion. Augmented reality complicates virtual reality, adding to its content in addition to fictional characteristics the content of practical actions. Augmented reality, using the virtual reality resource, becomes reality as the basis of practice. Augmented reality not only “begets” the world, but is in direct practical contact with it, thus becoming a special side of social reality.
REVITALISASI PENGELOLAAN DAN PENYELENGGARAAN TRI DHARMA PERGURUAN TINGGI DIANTARA PERSIMPANGAN KEPENTINGAN ANTAR BANGSA
Authors: Yohan Yohan
Published: May 2020

At a recent time, a number of academics ranging from the ‘practical and theoretical academics,’ ‘political academicians,’ ‘academic politicians’ to ‘academic bureaucrats’ are encouragingly striving for responding to the demands of internationalization of Higher Education because of the pressure of global education interests. With the spirit of ‘education liberation’ relying on the General Agreement of Trade in Services (GATS) as a result of ‘industrial globalization matrix’ which is associated with economic motives initiated by the World Trade Organization (WTO) makes some developed countries enthusiastically promote their higher education institutions to a number of countries. Consequently, the invigoration of Indonesian government to all domestic universities to immediately program their institutions as the agents of economy development. Nonetheless, the implementation and management of Tri Dharma are not only specified on developing the strength of national economy but also on social conscience to make the current creativity and innovation can be more relevant to the need of subsistence resources development based on Indonesian characters and uniqueness driven by the moral sense of humanity, fairness and civilized policies. Therefore, the revitalization process should be accordingly manifested toward the principles of Tri Dharma of the university as mandated by Pancasila, Constitution of 1945, Law, GBHN and all of the derivative regulations, not strictly due to the insistence of global pressures. Thus, human resources must be the main agenda to revitalize among other potentials in generating and optimizing the ethic of scientific works in Tri Dharma activities in fulfilling the current necessitates without harming the interests of Indonesian populace. Finally, when Foreign Higher Education policies (FHE) are commercially inclined to globalize their education system and research which is relatively ‘capitalism’, thus our national higher education should be increasingly characterized by the humanity affectionate which elevates the dignity of Indonesia by providing serious devotions and concerns on social and community service.
KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL PERGURUAN TINGGI ISLAM
Authors: Triyono Agus
Published: May 2020

Memaknai kehadiran sebuah perguruan tinggi tidak semata-mata berada pihak siswa, tetapi juga pada pihak lainnya, seperti masyarakat, pemerintah, perusahaan-perusahaan penyerap tenaga kerja, dan internal perguruan tinggi itu sendiri yang terdiri dari berbagai unsur. Salah satunya adalah pemimpin perguruan tinggi. Bagaimanakah sosok pemimpin yang ideal untuk sebuah perguruan tinggi islam, mari bermula dari kajian teori tentang kepemimpinan.
MANAJEMEN MUTU PENDIDIKAN TINGGI (MMPT): KONSEP DASAR DAN STRATEGI DALAM PENINGKATAN MUTU BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Rifa'i Andi Arif
Published: May 2020

Higher education quality management is a strategic concept that is able to bring a university to the world level. In the basic concepts of quality management, quality is always planned, controlled, guaranteed and continuously improved. Practical and strategic models such as TQM, EFQM, SQM and others, provide philosophical offers to managers who wish to improve the quality of their institutions. Providers of quality management models in higher education services must consider customer satisfaction as one of the main quality measures. The implementation of higher education will ultimately have an impact on the competitiveness of the nation's human resources.
Kebijakan Tentang Pengembangan Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Non-Formal: Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah (MDT) Tahun 2011-2015
Authors: Adib Noblana
Published: May 2020

The more autonomous the more creative. This article refutes Hasbullah's opinion that the management of Madrasas is not autonomous because it is under the centralized Ministry of Religion (Kemenag). Hasbullah said that it was very dilemmatic, Madrasas could not develop because in the budget structure in the area of Islamic education institutions were not included in the local government budget (APBD) otherwise the ministry of religion did not have an adequate budgeting structure to finance all educational institutions under its guidance. Instead of Madrasas being marginalized institutions at the local level, madrasas are the concern of several local governments committed to helping, especially the implement.

 

Keyword : Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah, Educational Policy, Islamic educational institutions

 

Abstrak

Semakin otonom semakin kreatif. Artikel ini membantah pendapat Hasbullah yang mengemukakan pengelolaan Madrasah yang tidak diotonomkan sebab di bawah Kementerian Agama (Kemenag) yang masih sentralisasi. Hasbullah mengatakan sangat dilematis, Madrasah tidak dapat berkembang karena dalam struktur anggaran di daearah lembaga pendidikan Islam tidak masuk di APBD (anggaran pemerintah daerah) sebaliknya kementerian agama tidak punya struktur penganggaran yang memadai untuk membiayai seluruh lembaga pendidikan yang berada di bawah binaannya. Alih-alih Madrasah menjadi lembaga yang termarginalisasi di tingkat daerah, madrasah menjadi perhatian beberapa pemerintah daerah berkomitmen membantu, terutama penyelenggaraan MDT sebagaimana yang kemukakan oleh Juju Saepudin, Amin Thaib BR, Abdul  Basid, Nursalamah Siagian, dan Neneng Habibah.
INFLUENCE OF UV RADIATION ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF MONOAND DICHLORAMINES IN WATER OF SWIMMING POOLS IN FULL-SCALE TESTS AND IN THE EXPERIMENT
Authors: Zholdakova Zoya I. , Lebed-Sharlevich Yana I. , Belyaeva Nadezda I. , Mamonov Roman A.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. The use of chlorine-containing reagents for disinfection of water in swimming pools may lead to the formation of chloramines, both worsening the organoleptic properties of water and affecting the health of swimmers. To reduce the content of chloramines in pool water, UV radiation can be used. The aim of work is investigation of the effect of UV radiation on the transformation of mono- and dichloramines in water. Material and methods. The study was conducted on water samples from children’s pools, as well as in a model experiment on aquarium water with sodium hypochlorite added. Samples were irradiated with ultraviolet at doses of 40, 80 and 120 mJ/cm2. Before and after UV treatment, the content of chloramines was determined in all samples. Results. UV dose 40 mJ/cm2 was found to be insufficient for the destruction of mono- and dichloramine in water. During UV treatment with a dose 80 mJ/cm2 a decrease in the content of monochloramines and an increase in the content of dichloramines were observed. These processes were depended on the initial concentration of active chlorine in the samples. Conclusion. Thus, an effective UV dose to reduce the concentration of monochloramines in water with a concentration of active chlorine of 0.5 mg/l is 80 mJ/cm2. However, standard UV equipment used for disinfection of pool water cannot guarantee a reduction of chloramine concentration as it is usually designed for the minimum required UV dose (25-40 mJ/cm2). In addition, the effect of UV at this dose on water with a high content of active chlorine led to a significant increase in the content of dichloramines, which is supposedly associated with the destruction of proteins in water under the influence of UV radiation and the subsequent reaction of amino acids with active chlorine.
QUALITY AND SAFETY MONITORING OF WATER BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES FROM WATER BODIES OF THE CENTRAL FEDERAL DISTRICT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Golovina Nina A. , Romanova N. N. , Golovin P. P. , Zdrok A. V.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. There have been given results of the assessment of quality and safety of hydrobionts exampled by fishes as main objects of amateurish fishing in water bodies of the Central Feddral District of the Russian Federation. Fishery water bodies on this territory are exposed to anthropogenic impacts and lead in the concerning volume of polluted effluent discharge in Russia. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality and safety of hydrobionts on the example of fish - the main objects of amateur fishing in the reservoirs of the Central District of the Russian Federation. Material and methods. Fish catching was carried out in the summer-autumn period in 2013-2017. The volume of the survey sample was about 1500 fishes. The species composition of helminths in 15 fish species from three families Cyprinidae, Percidae and pike (Esocidae)is was determined by parasitological examination. The safety of fish was evaluated using parasitological and toxicological methods. Results. Fish from water bodies of the Lipetsk, Tambov, Belgorod, Bryansk and Tver areas has been ascertained to be facultatively available for human consumption. Clinical signs of the disease were observed in fish infected with metacercariae trematodes (posthodiplostomum and apophallus) in the form of black spots on the body. Among the detected worms, 2 species can be potentially dangerous for warm-blooded animals and humans - Pseudamphistomum truncatum (Trematoda: Opisthorchidae) and Apophallus muehlingi (Trematoda: Heterophyidae). Analysis of fish contamination with heavy metals showed excess of the permissible cadmium content in fish tissues. Conclusion. The conducted research showed the urgency and social significance of studies on monitoring for water objects and the need to implement the preventive work with the population in such a densely populated part of the Russian Federation as the Central Federal District.
ELEMENTARY STATUS EVALUATION OF KIROV REGION’S POPULATION BY METHOD OF MASS SPECTROMETRY WITH INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA
Authors: Skalnaya M. G. , Grabeklis A. R. , Skalny A. A. , Ajsuvakova Olga P. , Lobanova Yu. N. , Serebryansky E. P. , Skalny A. V.
Published: May 2020

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to study and assess the elemental status of residents of the Kirov region as a part of the Volga Region Federal District (VFD). Material and methods. The content of elements in the hair of 295 men and women (73 and 222, respectively, 25-50 years old) and 120 boys and girls (46 and 74, respectively, 3-15 years old) were studied using massspectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. This indicator serves an index in assessing the impact of environment on human organism. Methods of non-parametric statistics were used for the mathematical simulation of our data. Results. It was found that women, girls and boys compared with other regions of the VFD are characterized by a relative increase in the absolute content (median) in the hair of Mg, Fe, V. For people living in the territory of the Kirov region a relative increase in the Si level in the hair is characterized with exception of boys. The relatively reduced level of Cu (with the exception of women) and Se (with the exception of men) also make oneself conspicuous. Discussion of the results. The main problems associated with a decrease in the content of Cu and Se compounds, as well as an increase in the content of Si, Mg, Fe and V, most likely have a geochemical nature and, in particular, are associated with the chemical composition of drinking water. The hair of children in a greater degree than in adults is shown to be a biological substrate, the elemental composition of which indicates to ecological and social factors, the quality of products and the development of the health care system. Conclusions. The obtained data can be recommended for the use as reference values in assessing the level of chemical compounds in the hair of adults and children living in the territory of the Kirov region.
Revisión sistemática de vacuna cuadrivalente vs nonavalente como tratamiento profiláctico para cáncer cervicouterino causado por el virus del papiloma humano (VPH)
Authors: Becerra Zúñiga Patricia , Enríquez Gómez Shaden , Ruiz Rocha Laura Fernanda , Palacios Méndez Pedro Héctor , López Rodríguez Diego , Arias Ulloa Raúl , Terrones Saldívar Ma. del Carmen
Published: May 2020

Introducción: se considera que la vacunación profiláctica contra el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) es laintervención más efectiva para disminuir la prevalencia del cáncer cérvico-uterino; sin embargo, a pesar de laimplementación de programas de vacunación, se han identificado barreras relacionadas con la seguridad y losefectos adversos , motivo por el cual existe una b aja cobertura de ésta. Objetivo: analizar y sintetizar la evidenciadisponible acerca de la efectividad de la vacuna cuadrivalente y la nonavalente como método profiláctico paradisminuir la incidencia de CaCu. Material y métodos: se realizó una revisión electrónica de artículos en los quese analizaba la eficacia de cada tipo de vacuna en la población de interés, así como estudios comparativos deambos tipos de vacuna. Resultados: en cuanto a la eficacia de las vacunas, la evidencia científica reporta que,después de la vacunación, existe la formación de anticuerpos contra los diferentes tipos de VPH. También sereporta la persistencia de anticuerpos (evaluado en cada estudio) y por cuánto tiempo se encontró efectividad dela vacuna. En cuanto a la seguridad, se encontró que los efectos locales y sistémicos son más comunes tras laaplicación de la vacuna nonavalente. Conclusiones: los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados analizados permitenestablecer el marco de seguridad, eficacia e inmunogenicidad de las vacunas tetravalente y nonavalente para elVPH. Además, han demostrado que ambas vacunas son altamente eficaces en la prevención de la infección porVPH 16 y 18; adicionalmente, la nonavalente muestra eficacia clínica contra los tipos 31, 33, 45, 52 y 58. Se debereforzar la cobertura de la vacunación en la población blanco. LUX MÉDICA AÑO 14, NÚMERO 42, SEPT-DIC2019, PP
Absceso hepático amebiano en paciente pediátrico
Authors: Canales Mayorga Marina , Gándara Quezada Vanessa , Ruiz Rico Gabriel Eduardo , Aguilar Alonso Luis Alberto
Published: May 2020

El absceso hepático amebiano es una patología que afecta a 5 millones de personas en elmundo y al 8.4% de la población mexicana. Se trata de una necrosis enzimática de loshepatocitos y de múltiples microabscesos que confluyen, formando habitualmente una cavidadúnica con contenido liquido homogéneo. Éste puede complicarse con una rotura hacia elperitoneo o tórax. Se presenta un caso de un paciente masculino de 13 años el cual inicia consíntomas inespecíficos, los cuales son fiebre y dolor abdominal; progresa hasta tener síntomascaracterísticos de absceso hepático amebiano. Es de considerar que esta patología es muypoco frecuente en pacientes pediátricos. En este artículo se aborda a detalle esta patologíadesde la fisiopatología hasta el tratamiento, para que sea cotejado con el paciente. LUXMÉDICA AÑO 14, NÚMERO 42, SEPT-DIC 2019, PP