bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etiological analysis and Treatment Principles of Atypical Femur Fracture
Authors: Zhang Zhishan , Wang Hongqing , Zhou Fang , Tian Yun , Song Chunli , Yang Zhongwei , Hou Guojin
Published: December 2022

Purpose: To investigate the etiology, clinical characteristics and treatment of atypical femur fracture (AFF) and to improve AFF recognition.
Methods: The clinical data of 21 AFF patients treated in our hospital from January 2007 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical characteristics of AFF were summarized. 47 patients with the same age, gender and location of fracture were selected to establish the control group. The patients were classified according to the risk factors, and the clinical characteristics of AFFs were summarized.
Results: 21 patients (27 femurs, six bilateral femurs) included 17 females, with an average age of 66.59±13.52 years (rang, 32-85 years). Through the relative risk analysis, it was judged that the long-term application of bisphosphonates (BPs) was the risk factor for the occurrence of AFFs. Using principal components analysis, it was concluded that severe osteoporosis, hip joint dysfunction and structural abnormality of the femur were also the risk factors for the occurrence of AFFs. A total of 5 patients with non-surgical treatment were selected, of which 2 cases were cured and the remaining 3 cases underwent surgical treatment. A total of 21 femurs for intramedullary nail fixation and 4 femurs for plate fixation. All fractures healed.
Conclusions: The etiological factors of atypical femur fracture are complex.For high-risk patients, if there are prodromal symptoms or imaging examination indicates "simple transverse" femur fracture, it is necessary to be alert to the occurrence of AFF, and pay attention to whether there is AFF on the opposite side. The appropriate treatment will be chosen according to the characteristics of fracture.
Determinants of bank lending rates: Empirical evidence from conventional retail banks in Bahrain
Authors: Mohammad Obeid Gharaibeh Ahmad , Omar Farooq Mohammad
Published: December 2022

The study attempts to identify the determinants of lending rates in the Kingdom of Bahrain. It examines the impact of certain macroeconomic and banks’ aggregate data variables on the level of interest rates on loans charged by Bahraini conventional retail banks using quarterly data for the period from the 4th quarter of 2012 to the 4th quarter of 2021. The study tests the impact of a consumer price index (CPI), GDP growth rates, loan-to-total assets (loan ratio), liquid assets as a proportion of total assets (liquidity position), personal lending rate, loan-to-deposit ratio, money supply (M2) growth, non-performing loans (NPL) ratio, and return on assets (ROA) on banks’ lending rates. The study is mainly based on data retrieved from the publications of the Central Bank of Bahrain and the CEIC Data Global Database. The study uses EViews 12 The results reveal that CPI, liquidity position, the lending rate for personal loans, deposit ratio, and return on assets are the major determinants of bank lending rates to businesses. The study found that GDP growth, money supply growth, and non-performing loans ratio are insignificant in determining the lending rate to businesses in Bahrain. In addition to yielding insights to the respective authorities, this study also helps creditors, investors, and borrowers predict interest rates and thus manage their assets and liabilities more efficiently.
Spatial modeling of flood hazard using machine learning and GIS in Ha Tinh province, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Huu Duy
Published: December 2022

The objective of this study was the development of an approach based on machine learning and GIS, namely Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Gradient-Based Optimizer (GBO), Chaos Game Optimization (CGO), Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA), Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), and Differential Evolution (DE) to construct flood susceptibility maps in the Ha Tinh province of Vietnam. The database includes 13 conditioning factors and 1,843 flood locations, which were split by a ratio of 70/30 between those used to build and those used to validate the model, respectively. Various statistical indices, namely root mean square error (RMSE), area under curve (AUC), mean absolute error (MAE), accuracy, and R1 score, were applied to validate the models. The results show that all the proposed models performed well, with an AUC value of more than 0.95. Of the proposed models, ANFIS-GBO was the most accurate, with an AUC value of 0.96. Analysis of the flood susceptibility maps shows that approximately 32–38% of the study area is located in the high and very high flood susceptibility zone. The successful performance of the proposed models over a large-scale area can help local authorities and decision-makers develop policies and strategies to reduce the threats related to flooding in the future.
Drought evolution in the Haihe River basin during 1960–2020 and the correlation with global warming, sunspots, and atmospheric circulation indices
Authors: Ling Minhua , Guo Xiaomin , Zhang Yanyan , Yu Lili , Xia Qinyuan
Published: December 2022

The Haihe River basin is the main grain production base and the highland of economic strategic development in China. Based on daily meteorological data during 1960–2020, the characteristics of drought evolution in the Haihe River basin were analyzed by the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). Pearson correlation method and cross-wavelet analysis were used to explore the correlation between the SPEI and climate factors (global warming, sunspots, and atmospheric circulation indices). Global warming has led to a trend of increasing drought in the basin, and there is an obvious zonality in the change of the trend, with the strongest impact on the central region of the basin (112°E–120°E, 38°N–41°N). The SPEI was negatively correlated with the number of sunspots. The more sunspots there were, the more severe the drought in the basin. The drought was most susceptible to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), followed by the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the Pacific North America index (PNA), and the Western Pacific index (WP) were the least associated with the drought in the basin.
Logistic pipe failure prediction models for an urban water distribution network in the developing world: a case study of Kampala water, Uganda
Authors: Auma Rose , Musaazi Isaac G. , Tumutungire Martin D. , Sempewo Jotham Ivan
Published: December 2022

Statistical models can be used as proactive approaches to pipe failure management for the satisfactory and efficient functionality of a water distribution network (WDN). The study aimed to develop two logistic regression models using historical data and evaluated them based on prediction accuracy, receiver operator characteristics (ROC), and area under the curve (AUC). Pipe sizes ranging from 150 mm to 350 mm in the WDN were adequate to prevent pipe failure. However, a 250 mm pipe diameter had the lowest failure probability. Old pipes had a lower failure probability than new pipes. Although it was evident that the installation design of water pipes is changing from steel to unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (uPVC), steel pipes had a lower failure probability than uPVC at the same depth from the soil surface. Pipes buried in gravel with a small diameter had a lower failure probability than those in clay of a bigger diameter. With a median pipe age of 8 years in the WDN and greater class weight on pipe failures, the binomial logistic regression model had better performance (accuracy – 96.9%, AUC – 0.996) than the multinomial logistic model (accuracy – 90.9%, AUC – 0.992), representing reliable model predictions. The models can be used to modify data collection protocols to better identify potential water pipes that require maintenance or replacement.
The pollution effect on the denitrifying capacity of methanogenic sludges
Authors: Camacho-López Cesar , Romo-Gómez Claudia , Otazo-Sánchez Elena , Gómez Aldapa Carlos A. , García-Nieto Edelmira , Juárez-Santacruz Libertad
Published: December 2022

The denitrification process has been studied for biodegradation of some emerging contaminants (ECs). For this, anaerobic sludges from different Wastewater Treatment Plants (WTP) have been used; however, the biodegradation capacity can differ due to the contact they have had with various pollutants, given their origin. This work aims to evaluate the kinetic and metabolic capacity of two denitrifying sludges from different WTPs to biodegrade CH3COO−-C and NO3−-N. Denitrifying tests were carried out in batches with CH3COO−-C (30 mg L−1) in a CN−1 relationship of 1.8 with sludge from a WTP of an educational center (WTP-A) and CH3COO−-C (50 mg L−1) to a CN−1 of 1.4 with another from the WTP of Atotonilco de Tula, Hidalgo, México (WTP-B). The results showed that the biodegradation rate of CH3COO−-C and NO3−-N with the WTP-B sludge was 35 and 75% greater, respectively, compared to the WTP-A sludge. Therefore, we suggest that the consumption difference of substrate is attributable to the sludges of WTP, which have been exposed to a high concentration of a great variety of pollutants.
Efficient Synthesis of Pyrido[2,3-b]indole Derivatives via Vanadium(III)-Catalyzed
Cascade Cyclization of 2-(2-aminophenyl)acetonitrile and Enones
Authors: Liu Donghan , Zhang Mingshuai , Chen Longkun , Liu Zhuoyuan , Zhu Yemei , Yu Fuchao
Published: December 2022

An efficient strategy for the synthesis of pyrido[2,3-b]indoles through VCl3-catalyzed cascade
cyclization reactions of N,N-dimethyl enaminones or chalcones with 2-(2-aminophenyl)-
acetonitrile under mild reaction conditions was developed. This method features many advantages,
such as readily available starting materials, good substrate, good functional group tolerance, and good
yields. A plausible reaction mechanism was provided. Moreover, the high yields of N-unprotected
substrates made this reaction system extremely advantageous with currently known methods.
Pyrazole and Benzimidazole Derivatives: Chelating Properties Towards Metals Ions
and their Applications
Authors: Chkirate Karim , Essassi El Mokhtar
Published: December 2022

Due mainly to their structural diversities, pharmacological, electrochemical, and photophysical properties, the metal synthesis pyrazole and benzimidazole complexes were extensively designed and developed. The nitrogen-containing ligands playing an important role in coordination chemistry contain a wide variety of heterocyclic systems possessing one or more nitrogen atoms as electron donors, such as pyridine, isoxazole, pyrazole, 1,2,4-triazole, 1,3,5-triazine, quinoline, quinoxaline and benzothiazole. The structure of all ligands and the corresponding metal complexes are established using elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis, static, magnetic susceptibility measurements, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and conductivity measurements.In this review, we report the synthesis and the chelating reactions of several heterocyclic ligands with various metals such as transition metals and lanthanides. The photophysical and photochemical properties of the metal complexes will also be presented and discussed.
NMR Structure Elucidation and Molecular Modeling of Lipoxygenase and Cholinesterase
Inhibiting Steroids from Hypericum oblongifolium
Authors: Sajid Anam , Afzal Muhammad , Sajid Arfaa , Manzoor Qaisar , ahmed Ejaz , Sharif Ahsan , Younas Samia
Published: December 2022

Hypericum oblongifolium is a potent source of bioactive constituents. A series of pharmacological properties, ranging from wound healing and antiseptic to antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, ethanol intake inhibition, and apoptosis-inducing activities have been associated with this plant. The current research project was designed to investigate the new secondary metabolites in H. oblongifolium having excellent pharmaceutical potential. In the present investigation two new cholestane-type steroids, hyperinoate A (1) and hyperinoate B (2) were isolated from a chloroform soluble fraction of the whole plant of H. oblongifolium. Structures of isolated new compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic data including 1D (1HNMR, 13CNMR) and 2D (HMBC, COSY, NOESY) NMR and mass spectrometry (EIMS, HREIMS) data. After structure elucidation, new compounds were named 6α-hydroxy-14α-methyl Cholestan-3-yl-acetate and 6α,25-dihydroxy-14α-methyl Cholestane-3-yl-acetate. Both steroids showed promising inhibitory activity against lipoxygenase (LOX) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes. Especially hyperinoate A (1) inhibited the lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme with IC50 41.7± 0.15 µM whereas Baicalein (positive control) had IC50 42.3 ± 0.20 µM. Similarly, Hyperinoate B (2) (56.3 ± 0.33 µM) showed higher inhibition than Galantamine (positive control) 53.8 ± 0.54 µM. These results were validated with in-silico molecular docking investigations. The greater binding affinity of hyperinoate A (1) (-9.2 Kcal/mol) against LOX-5(PDB ID 3V99) showed higher inhibition as compared to baicalein (positive control) (-7.7 Kcal/mol). The binding affinities of hyperinoate B (2) (-10.5 Kcal/mol) were close to galantamine (-10.6 Kcal/mol). All in-vitro and in-silico results revealed that both newly isolated compounds showed moderate inhibition against lipoxygenase (LOX) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes.
Hydrogen-producing Photocatalyst at Sunscreen for Athletes in Preventing
and Healing Muscle-nerve-skin Injuries
Authors: Sahoo Pathik
Published: December 2022

Physical injuries in sports are unavoidable, but they can be mitigated and even treated by using molecular hydrogen, which can be administered via a specially formulated sunscreen. The photocatalysts are a special class of semiconductors that can absorb a specific spectrum of light to promote its electron from the valance band (VB) to the conduction band (CB). This creates positively charged holes at VB and negatively charged electrons at CB in generating photochemical reaction centres. Once a photocatalyst that absorbs a harmful UV band from sunlight and can split water is doped inside a hydrogel will produce hydrogen in the presence of sunlight. If we employ such photocatalyst-doped hydrogel over naked skin, the hydrogel will act as a continuous source of water, which will absorb water from sweet, store it inside the hydrogel matrix and deliver it to the photocatalyst for splitting it further into the hydrogen. As a result, such photocatalyst-doped hydrogel can be used as a sunscreen to protect against sunlight and can use that spectrum of light for producing hydrogen from sweat continuously. Hydrogen can be absorbed through the skin and diffused in the body to heal wound-prone or injured muscles, and nerves. Because hydrogen may travel throughout the body, the catalyst-doped hydrogel can be used as a topical gel to treat various ailments such as muscle-nerve skin injuries, cancer, Parkinson's disease, and others. Besides common people, even athletes can use it as sunscreen during sports, which is not feasible for other hydrogen administrating systems.
Pitfalls and Limitations of Platelet Counts and Coagulation Tests in the
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Davenport Patricia , Sola-Visner Martha
Published: December 2022

The assessment of hemostasis and the prediction of bleeding risk are of great importance to neonatologists. Premature infants are at an increased risk for bleeding, particularly intra-cranial hemorrhages (most commonly intra-ventricular hemorrhages (IVH)), gastrointestinal hemorrhages, and pulmonary hemorrhages. All severe bleeding, but especially severe IVH, is associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, and other than prenatal steroids, no intervention has reduced the incidence of this serious complication. As a result, there is a need in neonatology to more accu-rately identify at-risk infants as well as effective interventions to prevent severe bleeding. Unfortu-nately, the commonly available tests to evaluate the hemostatic system were established using adult physiologic principles and did not consider the neonate's different but developmentally appropriate hemostatic system. This review will describe the changes in the platelet count and tests of hemosta-sis throughout development, the limitations of these tests to predict neonatal bleeding and the utility of treating abnormal results from these tests with platelet and/or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfu-sions in non-bleeding infants.
Development of an Information System to Support Occupational Therapy Services from Hospital to Community
Authors: Putthinoi Supawadee , Lersilp Suchitporn , Chaimaha Napalai , Chaiwongsa Rujirek , Lerttrakarnnon Peerasak
Published: December 2022

Background:

Information systems for occupational therapy (OT) services need to adapt effectively for improving performance by taking advantage of digital technology.

Objective:

This research aimed to develop an information system for supporting occupational therapy services in the community.

Methods:

This study used a mixed methods research design divided into two phases. Phase I: system requirements were gathered from nine occupational therapists who represented each of the nine provinces in northern Thailand. Focus groups and in-depth interviews were used in detail to explore the system requirements for occupational therapy services in the community. This information system applied a responsive web design. Phase II: usability testing, involved thirty occupational therapists in a northern network, who were selected to evaluate an information system by using a questionnaire.

Results:

Results showed that participants requested two components: 1) Occupational Therapist data, and 2) a referral system. The information system could be used by occupational therapists in a northern Thai OT network to insert their own information actively for providing a referral system. The overall usability assessment was at a high level (mean ± SD = 4.27 ± 0.07).

Conclusion:

This study concluded that an OT digital network system may offer a strategy to support OT services from hospital to community in a complex system of healthcare.
A Concise Review on Internet of Things: Architecture, Enabling Technologies,
Challenges, and Applications
Authors: Saqib Manasha , Moon Ayaz Hassan
Published: December 2022

Background:

With the advancements of ubiquitous computing, wireless sensor networks, and machine-to-machine communication, the Internet of Things (IoT) has become a constantly growing concept. The IoT is a new paradigm that interconnects all smart physical devices to provide smart services to users. It effectively delivers user-required services by utilising internet connectivity, sensors, and various technologies and protocols for the analysis and collection of data. IoT is predicted to permeate practically every facet of daily life, from smart cities to health care, smart agriculture, logistics and retail, and even smart living and smart ecosystems. Since IoT systems are comprised of heterogeneous hardware and networking technologies, integrating them to the software/application level to extract information from massive amounts of data is a difficult task.

Methods:

In this survey, the definitions, elements, working, architecture, fundamental technologies, key challenges, and potential applications of IoT are systematically reviewed. Initially, the various definitions and elements of IoT are introduced, followed by an explanation of how an IoT works. Additionally, an outline of IoT in the context of the architecture is presented. The primary enabling technologies that will drive IoT research in the near future are examined in this paper. Furthermore, the major key challenges that the research community must address, as well as potential solutions, are investigated. Finally, the paper concludes with some potential IoT applications to demonstrate the concept's feasibility in real-world scenarios.

Conclusion:

The goal of this survey is to assist future researchers in identifying IoT-specific challenges and selecting appropriate technology based on application requirements.
Sistem Kontrol Kecepatan Sepeda Listrik Menggunakan Metode Self-Tuning Parameter PI dengan Metode Logika Fuzzy
Authors: Rachmadi Mochamad Adityo , Muslim Muhammad Aziz , Yudaningtyas Erni
Published: December 2022

Pada kendaraan sepeda, salah satu beban yang dihadapi adalah tanjakan, di mana sebuah tanjakan dalam keadaan sebenarnya dapat memiliki kemiringan yang berbedaâ€“beda dalam suatu jalan. Karena itu, dibutuhkan sebuah aksi pengontrolan yang dapat beradaptasi dengan kondisi pembebanan yang berubah â€“ ubah tersebut. Sebuah kontroler PI dengan parameter penguatan yang telah ditala sedemikian rupa dapat menghasilkan keluaran yang baik pada beban linier, namun akan kesulitan beradaptasi terhadap pembebanan yang berubahâ€“ubah. Sistem kontrol kecepatan menggunakan metode self-tuning parameter PI dengan metode logika fuzzy digunakan untuk menala parameter penguatan kontroler PI, agar kontroler PI dapat beradaptasi dengan pembebanan tersebut. Pada penelitian ini, dibandingkan performansi sistem dengan kondisi tanpa beban dan kondisi berbeban dengan setpoint 120 rpm.
Radiation situation in the area of the State Scientific Centre "Research Institute of Atomic Reactors" before putting a multi-purpose fast neutron reactor into operation. Part 2. Freshwater ecosystems
Authors:   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Panov A.V. , Isamov N.N. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Tsygvintsev P.N. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kuznetsov V.K. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Geshel I.V. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology
Published: December 2022

The analysis of the radiation survey results of freshwater ecosystems of three rivers and the Cheremshansky Bay of the Kuibyshev Reservoir in the vicinity of State Scientific Centre “Research Institute of Atomic Reactors” (SSC RIAR, Institute) before the start of the MBIR fast neutron reactor operation was carried out. The content of natural (K-40, Ra-226, Th-232) and artificial (Sr-90, Cs-137) radionuclides in the main components of freshwater ecosystems: surface and underground waters, bottom sediments, floodplain soils and vegetation, and ichthyofauna was estimated. It has been shown that the specific activity of Cs-137 in the waste water of industrial storm sewerage (PLK-1) of the enterprise is 10-70, Sr-90 2-10 times higher compared to the surface waters of reservoirs of its zone of influence. This is due to the removal of radionuclides from the site of local contamination in the sanitary protection zone of SSC RIAR. In Cheremshansky Bay, downstream, the concentration of radioisotopes decreases by 8-50 times due to dilution processes and their sorption by bottom sediments and hydrobionts. It is noted that the sorption properties of bottom sediments are determined by the presence of organic compounds in their composition. The multidirectional nature of the accumulation of artificial radionuclides in floodplain soils and plants is shown. In some cases, it is determined by the distance from the source of gas-aerosol emissions of radioisotopes and affects the secondary pollution of freshwater ecosystems. Monitoring data demonstrate a stable decrease in the content of artificial radionuclides in surface waters. In Cheremshansky Bay in 2005-2020 for Cs-137 it was 5 times, for Sr-90 it was 3 times. It has been noted that in recent years, the specific activity of artificial radionuclides in sewage of SSC RIAR, surface and underground waters, as well as fish in the zone of enterprise influence is at the level of the regional background and is 1-3 orders of magnitude lower than the current radiological standards. The importance of further radioecological monitoring of freshwater ecosystems in the SSC RIAR location area after the commissioning of the MBIR for assessing the impact of the new reactor on humans and the environment is shown.
К нелинейной оптике предельно коротких импульсов
Authors: Сазонов С.В.
Published: December 2022

A brief scientific-methodological review of theoretical works and approaches created in the nonlinear optics of extremely short pulses from the 1970s to the present is presented. Important features are emphasized that distinguish the nonlinear optics of extremely short pulses from the nonlinear optics of quasi-monochromatic signals.
Comprehensive Comparisons of Family Health Between Families With One Immigrant Parent and Native Families in Taiwan: Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Yi-Lung , Ho Hsing-Ying
Published: December 2022

Background

Mothers and children in families with one immigrant parent have been reported to be healthier than those in native families; however, the health of the fathers in these families has rarely been discussed in literature.

Objective

We aimed to comprehensively compare the health of all the family members between families with one immigrant parent (native fathers, immigrant mothers, and their children) and native families (native fathers, native mothers, and their children).

Methods

We conducted a cohort study by using the Taiwan Maternal and Child Health Database to recruit live-born children and their parents from 2004 to 2016. Overall, we identified 90,670 fathers, 91,270 mothers, and 132,457 children in families with one immigrant parent and 1,666,775 fathers, 1,734,104 mothers, and 2,637,191 children in native families and followed up with them from 2004 to 2017. The outcomes comprised common physical and mental disorders, catastrophic illnesses, mortality, and child adversities and accidents. The covariates comprised the child’s year of birth, parental age, low-income status, and physical or mental disorder status. Logistic regression was performed to compare the risks of the outcomes between families with one immigrant parent and native families.

Results

The parents in families with one immigrant parent were more likely to be of low-income status and were older than the parents in native families. After adjusting for the covariates, fathers in families with one immigrant parent were found to have higher risks of physical and mental disorders, catastrophic illness, and mortality than fathers in native families. Conversely, mothers in families with one immigrant parent had lower risks of physical and mental disorders, catastrophic illness, and mortality than mothers in native families. Finally, the children in families with one immigrant parent generally had better physical and mental health but higher risks for leukemia, liver diseases, autism spectrum disorder, and road traffic accidents than children in native families.

Conclusions

The health status of the members of families with one immigrant parent was nonhomogeneous, and the poorer general health of fathers in such families suggests health inequalities in families with one immigrant parent.
Automatic Depression Detection Using Smartphone-Based Text-Dependent Speech Signals: Deep Convolutional Neural Network Approach
Authors: Kim Ah Young , Jang Eun Hye , Lee Seung-Hwan , Choi Kwang-Yeon , Park Jeon Gue , Shin Hyun-Chool
Published: December 2022

Background

Automatic diagnosis of depression based on speech can complement mental health treatment methods in the future. Previous studies have reported that acoustic properties can be used to identify depression. However, few studies have attempted a large-scale differential diagnosis of patients with depressive disorders using acoustic characteristics of non-English speakers.

Objective

This study proposes a framework for automatic depression detection using large-scale acoustic characteristics based on the Korean language.

Methods

We recruited 153 patients who met the criteria for major depressive disorder and 165 healthy controls without current or past mental illness. Participants' voices were recorded on a smartphone while performing the task of reading predefined text-based sentences. Three approaches were evaluated and compared to detect depression using data sets with text-dependent read speech tasks: conventional machine learning models based on acoustic features, a proposed model that trains and classifies log-Mel spectrograms by applying a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) with a relatively small number of parameters, and models that train and classify log-Mel spectrograms by applying well-known pretrained networks.

Results

The acoustic characteristics of the predefined text-based sentence reading automatically detected depression using the proposed CNN model. The highest accuracy achieved with the proposed CNN on the speech data was 78.14%. Our results show that the deep-learned acoustic characteristics lead to better performance than those obtained using the conventional approach and pretrained models.

Conclusions

Checking the mood of patients with major depressive disorder and detecting the consistency of objective descriptions are very important research topics. This study suggests that the analysis of speech data recorded while reading text-dependent sentences could help predict depression status automatically by capturing the characteristics of depression. Our method is smartphone based, is easily accessible, and can contribute to the automatic identification of depressive states.
Web-Based Co-design in Health Care: Considerations for Renewed Participation
Authors: Mallakin Maryam , Dery Christina , Vaillancourt Samuel , Gupta Sahil , Sellen Katherine
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has shifted the work environment to a new reality of remote work and virtual collaboration. This shift has occurred in various work settings with an impact on spaces, approaches, applied techniques, and tools. This has resulted in the broad use of virtual tools in the health care sector to avoid physical encounters and in-person interactions that will likely outlast the COVID-19 pandemic. Developing effective virtual approaches requires the knowledge and skills of using digital technologies collaboratively combined with a deep understanding of the context or contexts in which these approaches may be used. The implementation of virtual health design methods, including web-based co-design, has increased to meet the realities of COVID-19 restrictions and is likely to outlast them. Adapting the use of co-design methodologies to a virtual configuration requires rethinking methods of collaboration and communication, adapting to virtual environments, and creating new methods of engagement and facilitation. With this viewpoint, we reviewed the current work on co-design (in person and web based) to propose techniques for the design, planning, and implementation of web-based co-design. We propose 7 considerations that may enable web-based co-design projects in the health care sector. The key considerations that affect the success of a web-based co-design approach should be considered in the process of planning, developing, and conducting web-based co-design sessions. These include facilitation, collaboration, accessibility and equity, communication, sensemaking, tangible tools and games, and web-based research ethics. We illustrate this work with a case study of co-design for an emergency department discharge tool developed during the pandemic.
Playfulness and New Technologies in Hand Therapy for Children With Cerebral Palsy: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Pinos Cisneros Tamara Veronica , Brons Annette , Kröse Ben , Schouten Ben , Ludden Geke
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Innovative technologies such as game consoles and smart toys used with games or playful approaches have proven to be successful and attractive in providing effective and motivating hand therapy for children with cerebral palsy (CP). Thus, there is an increased interest in designing and implementing interventions that can improve the well-being of these children. However, to understand how and why these interventions are motivating children, we need a better understanding of the playful elements of technology-supported hand therapy.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review aims to identify the playful elements and the innovative technologies currently used in hand therapy for children with CP.

METHODS

We included studies that design or evaluate interventions for children with CP that use innovative technologies with game or play strategies. Data were extracted and analyzed based on the type of technology, description of the system, and playful elements according to the Lenses of Play, a play design toolkit. A total of 31 studies were included in the analysis.

RESULTS

Overall, 54 papers were included in the analysis. The results showed high use of consumer technologies in hand therapy for children with CP. Although several studies have used a combination of consumer technologies with therapeutic-specific technologies, only a few studies focused on the exclusive use of therapeutic-specific technologies. To analyze the playfulness of these interventions that make use of innovative technologies, we focused our review on 3 lenses of play: Open-ended Play, where it was found that the characteristics of ludus, such as a structured form of play and defined goals and rules, were the most common, whereas strategies that relate to paidia were less common. The most commonly used Forms of Play were physical or active form and games with rules. Finally, the most popular Playful experiences were control, challenge, and competition.

CONCLUSIONS

The inventory and analysis of innovative technology and playful elements provided in this study can be a starting point for new developments of fun and engaging tools to assist hand therapy for children with CP.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF AMORPHOPHALLUS PAEONIIFOLIUS TUBER ON CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ACTIVITY IN MICE
Authors: DEBNATH TITIN , SEN MALINI
Published: December 2022

Objective: The objective of the present study was to perform phytochemical screening and to carry out a comparative study on aqueous and ethanolic extract of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tuber on central nervous system (CNS) activity in Swiss albino mice.
Methods: A. paeoniifolius tuber was collected, shed dried, and powdered. Extracts of the powder were prepared separately using ethanol and water. Phytochemical screening was also done from the extract. The animals were divided in six groups. Group 1 received DMSO solution (Control). Group 2 animals received Diazepam (1.5 mg/kg, standard). Groups 3 and 4 received A. paeoniifolius aqueous extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, respectively). Groups 5 and 6 received A. paeoniifolius ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, respectively). In vivo CNS activities of the extracts were checked by actophotometer, rotarod, and forced swim test.
Results: The extracts show presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, reducing sugar, carbohydrate, and tannin. The aqueous and ethanolic extract of A. paeoniifolius tuber showed significant decrease in locomotor activity when compared to control. Among the extracts, the 400 mg/kg ethanolic extract shows maximum CNS depression. All the extracts showed significant muscle relaxant similar to the standard drug. The extracts also exhibited significant increase in immobility time in a dose-dependent manner in forced swim test.
Conclusion: The aqueous and ethanolic extract of A. paeoniifolius tuber (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg) shows significant CNS depressant and muscles relaxant and anxiolytic properties.
The effects of self-reflection and insight and interpersonal relationship on self-leadership in nursing students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Han MiYoung
Published: December 2022

Objectives To present practical guidance for improving self-leadership of nursing students, it should be prioritized that exploration of the preceding predictors of self-leadership. This study was conducted to investigate the influencing factors of self-leadership among nursing students. Methods This study was a descriptive research. The subjects were 239 nursing students attending 3 universities in 2 regions. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from june 1 to june 15, 2022. Collected data was analyzed by technical statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation and stepwise multiple regression. Results An average of self-reflection and insight is 3.60±0.51, interpersonal relationship is 3.83±0.48 and self-leadership is 3.41±0.45. Self-leadership had positive correlations with self-reflection and insight(r=.570), and interpersonal relationship(r=.396). Significant predictors of self-leadership were self-reflection and insight(β=.48) and interpersonal relationship(β=.23). These factors explained 40% of the variance. Conclusions Based on this study’s results, it required the strategic use of self-reflection and insight and interpersonal relationship for improving self-leadership.
Design thinking applying nursing educations in Korea: A scoping review
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Jeong
Published: December 2022

Objectives This study's purpose was to synthesize the literature on design thinking applying nursing education in Korea. Methods A scoping review was conducted by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology (Tricco et al., 2016) suggested by Arksey와 O’Malley (2005). Literature was searched from RISS, KISS, PubMed, and CINAHL. The 303 articles were identified, and 6 were selected for the final analysis. Two reviewers conducted the process independently. Results The six articles were published between 2018 and 2021. In the literature, ‘d. school’ methodology was a major methodology of design thinking. Also, all studies were experimental researches using pre-experimental design in 5 and the other quasi-experimental design. Empathy, critical thinking, and problem-solving competence were significant variables. Conclusions It is considered that the design thinking methodology is a situation that requires the expansion of research. For the experimental studies, well-designed experiments were needed.
The Influence of metacognition, decision-making type on self-confidence and anxiety with clinical decision making of nursing students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jang Eun-Hee
Published: December 2022

Objectives This study was conducted to investigate the affect that metacognition and decision-making style in nursing students have on self-confidence and anxiety with respect to clinical decision making. Methods Data were collected with a structured questionnaire that was distributed to 135 nursing students. Using the SPSS/WIN statistics program, the collected data were analyzed in descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results The mean scores of self-confidence and anxiety with clinical decision making were 3.80±1.00, 2.64±0.86, and metacognition was 3.77±0.57 respectively. Among the decision-making type, the rational type has the highest average score of 2.92±0.56. Anxiety, metacognition, rational type and intuitive type were significantly associated with self-confidence with clinical decision making. And self-confidence and dependent type were significantly associated with anxiety with clinical decision making. Conclusions To improve nursing students' self-confidence with respect to clinical decision making, it is necessary to reduce anxiety and to find teaching strategies and learning methods of instructors to promote metacognition. And appropriate programs need to be provided to nursing students to improve rational decision-making skill.
A Correlation between Sentiment Expression and Writing Level of High School Student’s Persuasive Text
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jung Boon ui
Published: December 2022

Objectives In this study, the problem was that the current writing evaluation did not take into account the emotional level of student writing. In order to examine the correlation between the sentiment level of high school students' editorial text and the level of writing, an persuasive sentiment lexicon was prepared, the sentiment level was measured, and the correlation between the sentiment level and the evaluation score was analyzed. Methods A corpus was created by collecting 132 student essays on two subjects, and the emotional dictionary of the corpus was constructed by determining the emotional level of the vocabulary as the expert's rating. By measuring the emotional level with the editorial sentiment dictionary, the correlation with the writing evaluation score was examined, and specifically, it was confirmed whether there was a difference in the correlation according to the upper/lower level. Results In both the KNU sentiment dictionary and the editorial sentiment dictionary, the degree of emotion and the evaluation score were positively correlated, and the correlation degree of the editorial sentiment dictionary (0.543) was higher than the KNU sentiment dictionary (0.368). Although the degree of correlation was different for each topic, both the emotional level and the writing level showed a positive correlation, especially the number of positive and negative words and the highest correlation. As a result of examining the texts by dividing them into upper, middle and lower levels, the correlation between the lower level text and the emotional level was high (0.571), and the upper level had no significant correlation with the emotional level. Conclusions It was found that the higher the emotional level of the editorial text, the higher the writing level, and the lower-level writing had a higher correlation with the emotional level. It was confirmed that it is necessary to use emotional words appropriately in order to effectively convey one's argument to the other party, rather than exclude the degree of emotion from the editorial text. For students with low writing ability, since the amount of words has a great influence on their writing level, it is necessary to learn various words including emotional words.
Exploring students’ satisfaction of a blended learning in simulation practicum based on ERG theory during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Jihye , Han Mira , Seo Hyunyoung , Choi Yoona , Lee Eunyoung
Published: December 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore the nursing students’ experiences of a blended learning in simulation practicum based on ERG theory and to present the strategies of nursing education. Methods Study design of this study is a qualitative study that analyzed the contents of nursing students’ practicum satisfaction survey. A total 69 nursing students in U city in 2020 participated in this study. Semi structured survey based on the Existence-Relatedness-Growth theory was used to collect data and data analyzed using the directed content analysis. Results The results of this study, 3 main-categories including existence, relatedness, and growth and 10 sub-categories were derived. In the existence in main-categories, ‘practical environment with quarantine rules applied’, ‘inexperienced using non-face-to-face system’, ‘practicum that reproducing clinical situation’, and ‘safe practicum using face-to-face and non-face-to-face methods’ were analyzed. In the relatedness in main-categories, ‘smooth interaction’, ‘limitation of non-face-to-face communication’, and ‘serious and comfortable practicum’ were derived, and in the growth in main-categories, ‘improvement of clinical nursing performance’, ‘increasing confidence in nursing practice’, and ‘realization to grow as a nurse’ were analyzed. Conclusions The positive and negative experiences through a blended learning in simulation practicum were identified. Based on this results, it is needed to develop diverse teaching methods to adapt effective simulation education and to increase educational satisfaction.
The Effects of Actual Treatment Parent Education Program on Parenting Stress, Internal Control, and Happiness of Mothers of Infants and Toddlers
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Na Bok Young
Published: December 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the reality treatment parent education program on parenting stress, internal control, and happiness of mothers of infants and toddlers. Methods For the study, 12 out of 24 mothers of infants and toddlers using daycare centers located in S-gu, Busan, were assigned to the experimental group, and 12 were wirelessly assigned to the control group. The reality therapy parent education program provided in the experimental group consisted of eight sessions of group reality therapy parent education, including wind exploration, human five needs, understanding good and perceived worlds, understanding human behavior selection and pre-behavior, and learning communication skills to help relationships. Before the experiment, the researcher conducted pre-test on the subjects' parenting stress scale, internal control scale, and happiness scale, and after the end of the reality treatment parent education program, the same post-test as the pre-test was performed on the experimental group and the control group. Results he results of the study are as follows. First, it was found that the reality treatment parent education program was effective in lowering the parenting stress of mothers of infants and toddlers. Second, it was found that the reality treatment parent education program has no effect on internal control and has a significant effect on external control among the sub-factors of internal and external control of infants and toddlers. Third, it was found that the reality treatment parent education program was effective in improving the happiness of mothers of infants and toddlers. Conclusions The real-life treatment parent education program needs to be developed that can be applied not only to mothers of infants and toddlers but also to parents of children of various ages. This study is meaningful in that it is a preemptive study that provided the effectiveness of the reality treatment parent education program as a ZOOM method experimented during the global epidemic of COVID-19.
An analysis on the structural relationships among young children’s social competence, self-regulation and play immersion in using artificial intelligence
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lim Eun Mee
Published: December 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship among young children’s social competence, self-regulation and play immersion in using artificial intelligence(AI). Methods The research subjects are 238 young children who are 3, 4, and 5 years olds and attending preschools located in G city. Data about the characteristics of young children were collected through related questionnaires by their preschool teachers. The data were analyzed through descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, factor analysis, and structural equation model analysis. Results The research results were as follows; first, there were significant correlations among young children’s social competence, self-regulation, and play immersion in using AI. Second, young children’s social competence directly affected on play immersion in using AI and indirectly gave an influence on play immersion in using AI by a mediation of self-regulation. In accordance, there was a significant partial mediating effects of young children’s self-regulation on the relationship between their social competence and play immersion in using AI. Conclusions In conclusion, these findings suggest that, for supporting child-centered and play-directed AI education with young children, teachers and parents should acknowledge the importance of educational supports to promote young children’s meaningful play immersion in using AI.