bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mermaid syndrome associated with VACTERL-H syndrome
Authors: Kitova Tanya T. , Uchikova Ekaterina H. , Uchikov Peter A. , Kitov Borislav D.
Published: April 2021

Mermaid syndrome or sirenomelia is an extremely rare congenital malformation with an incidence between 1.5 and 4.2 per 1,000,000 pregnancies. Association of mermaid syndrome with VACTERL-H syndrome is extremely rare, with only two cases reported so far in the literature. We present a new case of type I sirenomelia associated with VACTERL-H syndrome and review the relevant literature. 

A 15-year-old female patient was admitted to the Department of Pathological Pregnancy at St George University Hospital, Plovdiv with progredient abortion during her first pregnancy. She had low socioeconomic status, negative history of concomitant diseases and addictions. The patient avoided prophylactic intake of folic acid during her pregnancy. Prenatal ultrasound found a malformative fetus. Consequently, magnetic resonance imaging was performed which established the presence of hydrocephalus and defects in the lower part of the spine. These pathological findings indicated interruption of pregnancy at 20 weeks of gestation. The fetopathological examination found sirenomelia type I associated with myelomeningocele, hydrocephalus, anal imperforation, single umbilical artery, bilateral renal and ureteric agenesis, bladder agenesis, tracheo-esophageal fistula, agenesis of external genitals, monkey fold of the left palm of the hand, also known as VACTERL-H syndrome.

Our case demonstrates that mermaid syndrome and VACTERL-H syndrome represent different manifestations of a single pathological process that results in disorders of the blastogenesis at different stages during embryonic development. 
Extreme species density of bees (Apiformes, Hymenoptera) in the warm deserts of North America
Authors: Minckley Robert L. , Radke William R.
Published: April 2021

Despite the long intertwined evolutionary histories of bees and plants, bee diversity peaks in the xeric areas of the eastern and western hemispheres and not the tropics, where plant diversity is greatest. Intensive sampling in the northeast Chihuahuan Desert of Mexico and the United States provide the first quantitative estimate of bee species richness where high diversity had been predicted in North America from museum records. We find that the density of bee species in a limited area of 16 km2far exceeds any other site in the world and amounts to approximately 14% of the bee species described from the United States. Long-term studies of bees and other pollinators from areas that are minimally impacted by humans provide much-needed baseline data for studies of bees where human impacts are more severe and as climate change accelerates.
Additional data on Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) fauna of Kyrgyzstan, with description of a new species
Authors: Petrović Andjeljko , Kocić Korana , Čkrkić Jelisaveta , Tomanović Željko
Published: April 2021

Here we present additional data on the Aphidiinae fauna of Kyrgyzstan. We identified 18 Aphidiinae species. One species new to science (Trioxys depressussp. nov.) is described, while 11 species are reported for the first time:Aphidius avenaeHaliday,A. erviHaliday,A. matricariaeHaliday,A. salicisHaliday,A. urticaeHaliday,Ephedrus cerasicolaStarý,E. nigerGautier, Bonnamour & Gaumont,Lysiphlebus cardui(Marshall),L. confususTremblay & Eady,Monoctonus crepidis(Haliday), andPraon yomenaeTakada. Current knowledge of Kyrgyz Aphidiinae is summarized and discussed.
The velvet ant genus Pseudophotopsis André, 1896 (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) in the Arabian Peninsula, with the description of two new species
Authors: Soliman Ahmed Mostafa
Published: April 2021

The monotypic subfamily Pseudophotopsidinae Bischoff, 1920 (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) from the Arabian Peninsula is revised. Six Pseudophotopsis species are reported from Saudi Arabia, Oman and Yemen. Two new species, P. dhofarensissp. nov. (male) from Oman and P. subaureasp. nov. (male) from Saudi Arabia, are described and illustrated. The hitherto unknown female of P. mascatiana Invrea, 1962 is described and P. aegyptiaca (Bischoff, 1920) (female) is associated and synonymized with P. maura Bischoff, 1920 (male). An illustrated key for the species and their distribution in the Arabian Peninsula are provided.
Écritures de soi, Écritures des limites
Authors: Chocron Michael
Published: April 2021

Le Papotin est un atelier artistique et culturel visant à produire un journal atypique écrit par des adolescents et adultes présentant des troubles autistiques ou apparentés. Cette médiation présente comme particularité d’offrir aux participants un cadre où il est possible « d’écrire par la parole ». Pour se faire, le dispositif mis en place s’appuie sur ce qui pourrait se comprendre comme la mise en jeu d’un témoin interne pour le groupe des rédacteurs. Partant de ce qui est observé dans le cadre de cet atelier et des travaux autobiographiques d’auteurs se revendiquant du diagnostic d’autisme, je proposerai une analyse de ce dispositif indiquant comment celui-ci soutient les rédacteurs dans leur travail d’écriture. Mais cela sera également l’occasion d’appréhender comme le fonctionnement psychique d’un tel groupe permet d’envisager des propositions théoriques plus générales concernant la clinique groupale.
Remarks on global weak solutions to a two-fluid type model
Authors: Wen Huanyao , Zhu Changjiang
Published: April 2021

The present paper aims to give a review of a two-fluid type model mostly on large-data solutions. Some derivations of the model arising in different physical background will be introduced. In addition, we will sketch the proof of global existence of weak solutions to the Dirichlet problem for the model in one dimension with more general pressure law which can be non-monotone, in the context of allowing unconstrained transition to single-phase flow.
On the even solutions of the Toda system: A degree argument approach
Authors: Liu Yong , Tian Jing , Yong Xuelin
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we show the existence of even solutions with prescribed asymptotic behavior at infinity. Instead of using the integrability of the Toda system, the novel idea here is a degree argument approach. Perturbation theory has also been used in our study. Our method can be generalized to explore non-integrable systems with exponential type nonlinearities.
The multi-dimensional stochastic Stefan financial model for a portfolio of assets
Authors: Antonopoulou Dimitra C. , Bitsaki Marina , Karali Georgia
Published: April 2021

The financial model proposed involves the liquidation process of a portfolio through sell / buy orders placed at a price \begin{document}$ x\in\mathbb{R}^n $\end{document}, with volatility. Its rigorous mathematical formulation results to an \begin{document}$ n $\end{document}-dimensional outer parabolic Stefan problem with noise. The moving boundary encloses the areas of zero trading. We will focus on a case of financial interest when one or more markets are considered. We estimate the areas of zero trading with diameter approximating the minimum of the \begin{document}$ n $\end{document} spreads for orders from the limit order books. In dimensions \begin{document}$ n = 3 $\end{document}, for zero volatility, this problem stands as a mean field model for Ostwald ripening, and has been proposed and analyzed by Niethammer in [25], and in [7]. We propose a spherical moving boundaries approach where the zero trading area consists of a union of spherical domains centered at portfolios various prices with radii representing the half of the minimum spread. We apply Itô calculus and provide second order formal asymptotics for the stochastic dynamics of the spreads that seem to disconnect the financial model from a large diffusion assumption on the liquidity coefficient of the Laplacian that would correspond to an increased trading density. Moreover, we solve the approximating systems numerically.
Mathematical analysis of an age-structured HIV model with intracellular delay
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Fu Xianlong
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we study an age-structured HIV model with intracellular delay, logistic growth and antiretrowviral therapy. We first rewrite the model as an abstract non-densely defined Cauchy problem and obtain the existence of the unique positive steady state. Then through the linearization arguments we investigate the asymptotic behavior of steady states by determining the distribution of eigenvalues. We obtain successfully the globally asymptotic stability for the null equilibrium and (locally) asymptotic stability for the positive equilibrium respectively. Moreover, we also prove that Hopf bifurcations occur around the positive equilibrium under some conditions. In addition, we address the persistence of the semi-flow by showing the existence of a global attractor. Finally, some numerical examples are provided to illustrate the main results.
On existence and numerical approximation in phase-lag thermoelasticity with two temperatures
Authors: Campo Marco , Copetti Maria I. M. , Fernández José R. , Quintanilla Ramón
Published: April 2021

In this work we study from both variational and numerical points of view a thermoelastic problem which appears in the dual-phase-lag theory with two temperatures. An existence and uniqueness result is proved in the general case of different Taylor approximations for the heat flux and the inductive temperature. Then, in order to provide the numerical analysis, we restrict ourselves to the case of second-order approximations of the heat flux and first-order approximations for the inductive temperature. First, variational formulation of the corresponding problem is derived and an energy decay property is proved. Then, a fully discrete scheme is introduced by using the finite element method for the approximation of the spatial variable and the implicit Euler scheme for the discretization of the time derivatives. A discrete stability
The cultural significance of physics and evolution in Francoist Spain: continuity and development in the autarchic period
Authors: Florensa Clara , Roqué Xavier
Published: April 2021

Science took on several distinct uses and meanings under Francoism. It was exhibited as a token of intellectual prowess, deployed as a mighty diplomatic tool, applied as a resource for industry, and invoked in support of National Catholicism. However, in order to successfully fulfill all these roles, science had first to be cleansed and purified, for it was historically bound to materialism, atheism, and positivism. Physics had developed a mechanical worldview that precluded spiritual agency, and the theory of evolution had deprived man of his privileged place in nature. Could these developments be reversed? Classical physics would not easily serve the needs of the new National Catholic state, but modern physics might do, acting as a model and a tool for biological reasoning. In this paper we describe the various attempts by Spanish scientists, philosophers, and intellectuals to enlist modern physics and a revised version of evolution in the construction of the new regime. They strove to show their spiritual value, to sever them from a soul-less modernity, and to reinstate them within a grand universal Catholic tradition. We discuss the import of their arguments for the simultaneous debates about time, space, matter, life, and evolution, exploring the affinities and tensions between the inert and the living world.
Influence of Au Sputtered in ZnO/Au/PANI Heterostructures Film for Photoelectrochemical Cells
Authors: Abadi M. Tommy Hasan , Sofa Nurma Ari , Zulaikah Siti , Mufti Nandang
Published: April 2021

A heterostructure system based on zinc oxide (ZnO), Gold (Au), and polyaniline polymer (PANI) nanoparticles has been developed to provide an efficient and effective photoelectrochemical energy conversion system. The ZnO/Au/PANI heterostructure system promotes Au as a mediator for electron transfer from the PANI conduction band to the ZnO valence band. A state of electrons being excited has resulted in the photons' charge transfer, which accumulated in ZnO and the holes concentrated in PANI. In this study, we investigated the effect of the deposition time of Au on ZnO/Au/PANI film on photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. ZnO/Au/PANI films were prepared using spin-coating and DC-Sputtering methods for Au deposition. We found that the effect deposition time of Au in the ZnO/Au/PANI film heterostructural system shows good reduction-oxidation and photocatalytic activity due to the vibration of O-H bond groups in the film.
Stacking Cell Model Supercapacitor Asymmetry with Multilayer Reduced Graphene Oxide Films Fabricated Using UV Oven Spraying Technique
Authors: Syakir Norman , Dzujah Diyan Unmu , Hidayat Rahmat , Fitrilawati Fitrilawati
Published: April 2021

We report the fabrication of multilayer reduced graphene oxide films using UV oven spraying technique for stacking cell model supercapacitor asymmetry. In report, we used nickel and carbon substrates as asymmetric current collectors. Using UV oven spraying technique, graphene oxide was coated and insitu converted on substrate surfaces forming reduced graphene oxide films that act as active materials in supercapacitor asymmetry. The films consist of 70 layers with delay time between consecutive layer prior to irradiation is 4 minutes to ensure the photoreduction take place on each layer. UV light source using Mercury lamp 125 watt at 30 cm above the substrates. The model structures consist of three cells stacked serial in 1M KCl electrolyte system. Device performance was characterized using charge-discharge technique for constant current at 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 mA. Performance parameters are the capacitance density, power and energy density. Single cell supercapacitor has energy density in range of 0.072 Wh/kg to 0.256 Wh/kg and power density in range of 123.06 W/kg to 644.14 W/kg. Meanwhile for stacked cell supercapacitor has energy density in range of 0.377 Wh/kg to 0.755 Wh/kg, and power density in range of 169.95 W/kg to 849.79 W/kg. According to Ragone Plot, the results have feature as supercapacitor, even as single cell. Stacked cell has feature better than single cell in all parameter of capacitance density, power and energy density, and electrical working potential.
The Effect of Sintering Temperature on Electronic Conductivity of LiFeGdPO4/C as a Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode
Authors: Rahayu Iman , Suprabawati Anggi , Puspitasari Vina M. , Hidayat Sahrul , Noviyanti Atiek Rostika
Published: April 2021

Lithium ion batteries with LiFePO4 cathode have become the focus of research because they are eco-friendly, stable, high average voltage (3.5 V), and high theoretical capacity (170 mAh/g). However, LiFePO4 has disadvantages such as low electrical conductivity (~10-9 S/cm) and low lithium ion diffusion coefficient (~10-14-10-15 cm2/s) that can inhibit its application as a lithium ion battery cathode material. To increase the electronic conductivity of LiFePO4, it can be done by adding carbon as a coating material, then doping gadolinium metal ions because it has a radius similar to Fe, and increasing sintering temperature. Optimizing the sintering temperature can control particle growth and research was study the sintering temperature of the electronic conductivity of LiFeGdPO4/C and obtain the optimum sintering temperature at LiFeGdPO4/C. The carbothermal reduction method used in synthesis, with a variation of sintering temperature of 800°C, 830°C, 850°C, 870°C, and 900°C using reagents LiH2PO4, Fe2O3, Gd2O3, and carbon black. Furthermore the samples were characterized using XRD, SEM-EDS, and four-point probes. The results of the study were expected to increase the conductivity of LiFePO4. The results show the effect of sintering temperature can increase the electronic conductivity of LiFeGdPO4/C. Samples with a sintering temperature 850°C have the highest conductivity among all temperature variations with a value of 1.11 × 10-5 S cm-1.
Crystal Characterization of Anionic Salt Compounds as Composite of Solid Propellant Oxidizing Agent
Authors: Aritonang Sovian , Manawan Maykel , Elita Hafizah Mas Ayu , Siahaan Timbul , Muktiana Shofi S. , Setiawan Hanung Bayu , Andayani Sih Wuri , Karim Gaos Abdul , Qizwini Alfiz Muhammad , Nurhilal Otong , Saragi Togar , Risdiana Risdiana
Published: April 2021

Composite solid propellants are preferred for use in defense and space applications because of their high energy density and simplicity. Oxidizers take up the highest percentage in propellant ingredient. KNO3, KClO4 and K2Cr2O7 are among the inorganic oxidizers with similar cation for present study, and their chemical and physical properties are fully understood. However, the relationship between thermal stability and electrostatic potential energy based on structural analysis has not yet been studied. In this study we used high resolution XRD data to study the electrostatic potential energy of the KNO3, KClO4 and K2Cr2O7 crystal structures.
Optical Characteristics of Multilayer Reduced Graphene Oxides Films Fabricated Using UV Oven Spraying Technique with Various Interval Irradiation Time
Authors: Khanifah Nur , Dzujah Diyan Unmu , Marcelina Vika , Hidayat Rahmat , Fitrilawati Fitrilawati , Syakir Norman
Published: April 2021

Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) is promising candidate to be used as an active material of super capacitor electrodes. Graphene oxide (GO) is mostly used as a precursor, therefore it is needed to remove its oxygen containing functional groups. Generally, the RGO films are obtained from Graphene Oxide (GO) films which are then treated using thermal reduction or photo reduction process. We developed a spraying coating method that called as UV oven spraying by combining spraying coating method and photo reduction process. By this deposition method, we can obtain RGO films directly from the GO precursor since deposition and photo reduction steps are taken place at the same time. Level of oxygen removal of the obtained RGO film depends on irradiation intensity and length of irradiation. In this work, we report the effect of varied length of irradiation time on the RGO optical characteristics. We prepared multilayer of RGO films using UV oven spraying technique on quartz substrates from 0.5 mg/ml commercial GO dispersion (Graphenea) with varied the UV irradiation time. We used 125-Watt mercury lamp that was set at distance of 30 cm from substrates. We examined the effect of varied of length of irradiation time on its optical characteristics using UV-Vis Spectroscopy. Level of reduction by provided irradiation time was examined using SEM/EDS measurement.
Study of Methylene Blue Adsorption onto Aminated Graphene Oxides at Varied Stirring Time
Authors: Maulida Gita , Aurellia Jedija  M. , Dzujah Diyan Unmu , Syakir Norman , Fitrilawati Fitrilawati
Published: April 2021

Aminated graphene oxide (AGO) is one of graphene oxide (GO) derivatives that contained amine group (NH2). GO has a lot of oxygen-containing groups, such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl, and epoxide functional groups, therefore it is hydrophilic and readily dispersed in water forming a stable colloidal suspension. This property was used to study decolorize of dye pollutant in water contamination. The presence of amine side chain in the molecule might contribute on improving hydrophilic properties of AGO compared to GO. Waste water containing harmful dyes such as methylene blue (MB) is one of the main problems in water contamination. In this work we study MB adsorption onto AGO surface. The experiments were carried out by mixing 50 mL of the MB solution in water (5 ppm; 0.25 mg) with 0.5 mL of dispersed AGO (0.5 mg / ml; 0.25 mg) in dimethylformamide (DMF), and then stirring at 1000 rpm at varied stirring times. The initial and final concentration of MB solutions after AGO adsorption were analyzed using spectroscopy. We obtained that AGO can adsorb MB in water, which the adsorption happened very fast until stirring time of 20 minutes. Addition of stirring time does not have significant change on MB concentration, which indicates that AGO adsorption capacity has saturated.
Synthesis of Low Viscosity Polydimethylsiloxane Using Low Grade of Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane
Authors: Auliya Diba Grace , Setiadji Soni , Agasa Zulfi Mofa , Fitrilawati Fitrilawati , Syakir Norman , Risdiana Risdiana
Published: April 2021

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been widely used as a vitreous humour substitution in vitreoretinal surgery. Due to its limited availability and increasing domestic needs, the price of PDMS in Indonesia became very expensive. Previously, we reported the synthesized of PDMS from a high grade of monomer of 98% of Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and found that all PDMS samples produced high quality samples similar to that of commercial one. However, by considering the ease of obtaining raw materials and also the production costs, the synthesis of PDMS using monomer which easy to be found in Indonesia and low production costs is needed to be developed. Here, we reported the synthesis of PDMS using low grade of 96% of D4 in order to produce high quality of PDMS with low viscosity that can be used for vitreous humous substitution in vitreoretinal surgery. PDMS samples with low viscosity value of 0.94-1.35 Pa.s have been successfully synthesized from low grade of D4 and MM using ring-opening polymerization method. The yields of PDMS resulted in this research were in the range between 67.27% and 76.26%. From FTIR spectroscopy, it is found that all synthesized samples have structure and functional groups similar to PDMS using high grade of monomer of 98% Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4). From refractometer and surfgauge measurements, all samples have refractive index in the range of 1,4034-1,4040 and the value surface tension was 21 m.N/m.
Effects of Sintering Variables on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Metal Injection Molding Molded 17-4 PH Stainless Steel
Authors: Shieddieque Apang Djafar , Virdhian Shinta , Muttahar Moch Iqbal Zaelana , Muttaqin Muhammad Rafi
Published: April 2021

Metal injection molding (MIM) is a near net shape manufacturing technique for producing small, complex, precision parts in mass production. MIM process is manufacturing method that combines traditional shape-making capability of plastic injection molding and the materials flexibility of powder metallurgy. The process consists of the following four steps: mixing of metal powder and binder, injection molding to shape the component, debinding to remove the binder in the component, sintering to consolidate the debound parts. In this research, the physical and mechanical properties of metal injection molded 17-4 PH stainless steel were investigated with the variation of sintering temperatures (1300 °C - 1360 °C) and atmosphere conditions (argon and vacuum conditions). The relative density, microstructure, distortion, and hardness are measured and analyzed in this study. The results show that highest relative density of 87%, relative homogeneous shrinkage and high hardness are achieved by sintering at 1360 °C for 1.5 hours and argon atmosphere. At the same sintering temperature and time, sintering in vacuum shows lower relative density (81%) than that in argon condition due to pores growth. The pore growths were not observed in the argon atmosphere. It can be concluded that sintering stages more rapidly under vacuum condition. The hardness measurements result also showed that high hardness is obtained by high density parts. The optimum average hardness obtained in this study is 239 HV. However, the hardness properties results are still lower than 280 HV according to MPIF Standard 35 for MIM parts.
PREVALENCE AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE (G6PD) DEFICIENCY IN FEMALES FROM PREVIOUSLY MALARIA ENDEMIC REGIONS IN NORTHEASTERN THAILAND AND IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL G6PD VARIANT
Authors: Dechyotin Sumalai , Sakunthai Kittipong , Khemtonglang Noppmats , Yamsri Supawadee , Sanchaisuriya Kanokwan , Kitcharoen Kriengkrai , Kitcharoen Suttiphan
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common X-linked enzymopathy, highly prevalent in areas where malaria is or has been endemic. Prevalence of G6PD deficiency and characterization of G6PD variants in females from previously malaria endemic areas of northeast Thailand remain unstudied.

Methods: Prevalence of G6PD deficiency was determined by a fluorescent spot test (FST) and multiplex allele specific (AS)- and restriction fragment length polymorphic (RFLP)-PCR developed for detection of common G6PD variants in the Thai population.

Results: Prevalence of G6PD deficiency in female samples (n = 355) was 18% by FST and 27% by PCR-based genotyping. The most common variant was G6PD Viangchan (54%), followed by G6PD Canton (11%) and G6PD Union (11%); in addition, a novel heterozygous variant, G6PD Khon Kaen (c.305T>C, p.F102S located in the coenzyme-binding domain), was identified. The majority (75%) of G6PD activities of heterozygotes were within the intermediate deficiency range (30-80% of median normal enzyme activity).

Conclusion: High prevalence of G6PD deficiency was present in females from northeast Thailand, the majority being due to heterozygosity of G6PD variants. The findings will have a bearing on an inclusion of primaquine in antimalarial-based policies for malaria elimination in populations with high prevalence in G6PD deficiency.
Catheter-directed thrombolysis for in situ pulmonary artery thrombosis in children
Authors: Hubara Evyatar , Borik Sharon , Kenet Gili , Mishaly David , Vardi Amir
Published: April 2021

In situ pulmonary artery thrombosis (ISPAT) is a unique form of pulmonary embolism characterized by local formation of thrombus in the pulmonary arteries. We present here a baby with hypoplastic left heart syndrome who developed ISPAT after Glenn surgery. The patient underwent catheter-directed thrombolysis, followed by systemic anticoagulation with excellent results.
Rare cause of neonatal pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Avula Satish Kumar , Verma Sudeep , Ram Anantha , Lankala Reena
Published: April 2021

Congenital portosystemic shunt is a rare congenital anomaly with abnormal communication between portal venous and systemic venous systems. It can be intrahepatic or extrahepatic. Typically, the intrahepatic shunts are managed conservatively as many of them close spontaneously. We present and discuss clinical, radiological findings of an intrahepatic shunt showing the early occurrence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the neonatal period which required therapeutic intervention.
Mild encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion of the corpus callosum due to enteric fever
Authors: Gagneja Vikram , Kumar Pramod , Kejriwal Neeta , Tucker Shivya
Published: April 2021

We describe radioclinical findings in a 4-year-old male child with enteric encephalopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging brain showed lesions in the corpus callosum with restricted diffusion in the white matter of bilateral cerebral hemisphere. Mild encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion has been described in children and adults due to various causes, although very few have been reported due to enteric fever.
Nutrigenetic reprogramming of oxidative stress
Authors: Ryu Joseph , Gulamhusein Huzeifa , Oh Jin Kyun , Chang Joseph H. , Chen Jocelyn , Tsang Stephen H.
Published: April 2021

Retinal disorders such as retinitis pigmentosa, age-related retinal degeneration, oxygen-induced retinopathy, and ischemia-reperfusion injury cause debilitating and irreversible vision loss. While the exact mechanisms underlying these conditions remain unclear, there has been a growing body of evidence demonstrating the pathological contributions of oxidative stress across different cell types within the eye. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2), a transcriptional activator of antioxidative genes, and its regulator Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) have emerged as promising therapeutic targets. The purpose of this review is to understand the protective role of the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway in different retinal tissues and shed light on the complex mechanisms underlying these processes. In the photoreceptors, we highlight that Nrf2 preserves their survival and function by maintaining oxidation homeostasis. In the retinal pigment epithelium, Nrf2 similarly plays a critical role in oxidative stabilization but also maintains mitochondrial motility and autophagy-related lipid metabolic processes. In endothelial cells, Nrf2 seems to promote proper vascularization and revascularization through concurrent activation of antioxidative and angiogenic factors as well as inhibition of inflammatory cytokines. Finally, Nrf2 protects retinal ganglion cells against apoptotic cell death. Importantly, we show that Nrf2-mediated protection of the various retinal tissues corresponds to a preservation of functional vision. Altogether, this review underscores the potential of the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway as a powerful tool against retinal degeneration. Key insights into this elegant oxidative defense mechanism may ultimately pave the path toward a universal therapy for various inherited and environmental retinal disorders.
Parental Stress and Parenting during COVID-19 Pandemic in Pakistan
Authors: Imran Nazish , Sharif Muhammad Imran , Iqtadar Somia , Javed Afzal , Azeem Muhammad Waqar
Published: April 2021

Objectives:

As COVID-19 spreads around the globe, parents are being presented with new challenges to meet their children needs. We investigated parental stress and its impact on their parenting practices during COVID-19 outbreak in Lahore, Pakistan.

Methods:

Following ethical approval, using web-based cross-sectional survey, data were collected in April 2020–May 2020. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed among parents by the patient health questionnaire and generalized anxiety disorder scale. Respondents also reported on parenting practices and emotional and behavior changes noticed in their children.

Results:

Three hundred and fifty-five parents participated in the survey with a mean age of 35.3 years (standard deviation = 8.2) with 55% having at least one child between the ages of 1 and 5 years and 9% had children with special needs. The prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety was 25.6% and 21.6%, respectively. A significant proportion (77%) of parents were concerned about the outbreak fearing about family/self-being infected, losing love ones, and financial difficulties. Fifty percent of participants reported more than usual use of consequences (shouting at children, taking privileges away, and slapping child) in the past 1 month. However, the positive impact of parents spending more time with their children was also reported. Unhealthy eating and sleeping patterns (24.5%), irritability (21.1%), anxiety (16.3%), and aggression (14.6%) were the most common behavior and emotional problems noticed in children.

Conclusions:

Parental stress observed during COVID-19 outbreak can adversely impact the parenting practices and child's mental health. Provision of effective strategies to support parents to care for children is urgently needed.
Некоторые свойства однородных $\mathcal E$-многообразий
Authors: Gorbatsevich Vladimir Vitalyevich
Published: April 2021

Изучаются свойства однородных пространств,
имеющих инвариантную $\mathcal E$-структуру
(обобщение структуры однородного дуального многообразия).
Описаны с точностью до диффеоморфизма такие однородные пространства,
если они односвязны и имеют размерность $<5$.
Библиография: 8 названий.
Уточнение оценок сумм синус-рядов с монотонными и
косинус-рядов с выпуклыми коэффициентами
Authors: Popov Anton Yur'evich
Published: April 2021

В работе уточняются известные в настоящее время
оценки сумм синус-рядов с монотонными коэффициентами,
а также оценка сверху суммы косинус-ряда
с выпуклыми коэффициентами.
Библиография: 9 названий.
Feature analysis on air quality in the main urban area of Nanchong City in 2015–2018
Authors: Lei Xiong , Zheng Qing , Qian Yifan , Hu Jian , Li Danyu , Zhang Ping , Yuan Xu , Quan Qiumei , Li Yunxiang
Published: April 2021

This study evaluates the air quality in Nanchong City in 2015–2018 based on automatic monitoring data and meteorological data in the main urban area. Results show that overall air quality in the main urban area of Nanchong was standard and improved from 2015 to 2018. SO2, NO2, and CO had slight influences on air quality in the study area, whereas excessive annual average PM2.5 and increasing O3 concentration challenged the air quality. The monthly average mass concentrations of particulate matters (PM2.5 and PM10), NO2, and CO generally presented a “U-shaped” distribution pattern while O3 showed the opposite. The diurnal variation of PM, NO2, and CO has two peaks related to the morning and evening rush hours. Vehicle exhaust is the main source of local pollution. Over-standard PM2.5 can significantly inhibit O3 production while O3 can easily promote the secondary generation of PM2.5 due to its strong oxidization. PM2.5 emission should be controlled strictly in winter, while in summer, the sources of O3 should be controlled vigorously. Air pollution is comprehensive and complicated and is influenced by various factors, mainly meteorological and human factors. Measures such as artificial rainfall should be included at the appropriate time to cope with adverse meteorological conditions when heavy pollution occurs in winter.
ESTRATEGIAS DEL OCÉANO AZUL Y SU APLICABILIDAD EN EL CONTEXTO GERENCIAL ECUATORIANO
Authors: Padilla Greys Mairs , Vegas-Meléndez Hilarión José
Published: April 2021

La investigación tiene como objetivo principal contextualizar los principios estratégicos del gerente ecuatoriano que dan sustento a los mercados alternativos denominados océano azul, permitiendo interpretar los descriptores gerenciales que emergen luego de analizar los escenarios favorables a las ideas empresariales; la investigación es de perspectiva cualitativa y de nivel descriptivo, con una intencionalidad heurística y de metodología inductiva; en las técnicas de recolección de información se encuentran la observación directa y la entrevista en profundidad, aplicándose a representantes del mundo empresarial, académicos e investigadores de reconocida trayectoria profesional en el mundo de la consultoría empresaria; la estrategia de análisis de la información parte desde la propuesta diseñada por la Teoría Fundamentada. Los resultados obtenidos muestran revisión de los conceptos sobre estrategias gerenciales, innovación y diferenciación en el marco del contexto empresarial ecuatoriano, así como sus modos de diseño frente a la posibilidad de crear nuevos mercados basados en la teoría del océano azul; como conclusión principal se puede develar una nueva concepción discursiva e interpretativa de la actuación gerencial y sus estrategias de abordaje a los océanos azules; además de la necesidad de aplicabilidad de descriptores gerenciales emergentes basados en análisis hermenéutico de la investigación.

Palabras claves: Estrategias, gerencia, océano azul, innovación, diferenciación.
Cartesian product and Topology On Fuzzy BI-Algebras
Authors: Tefera Gerima , Oli Abdi
Published: April 2021

In this paper,the concepts of homomorphism in fuzzy BI-algebra is intro- duced, and also basic properties of homo- morphisms are investigated. The cartesian product in fuzzy ideals of BI-algebra is investigated with related prop- erties; The concepts of fuzzy topology on BI- algebra elaborated.
Least Squares 3D Algorithm for the Study of Deformations with Terrestrial Laser Scanner
Authors: Barrile Vincenzo , M. Meduri Giuseppe , Bilotta Giuliana
Published: April 2021

The application in question is aimed, in the study of deformations of mountain areas, as well as test the TLS applied to a hilly area in two different eras. For this purpose, it was also tested using the algorithm LS3D “Least square 3D surface matching” that allows both the registration of point clouds produced by scans carried out without using targets but, overall, the estimate of deformations that in this case, compared to other methods, is done directly on the basis of the two data sets acquired in two different periods of time t1 and t2.
Tantangan Dalam Mendukung Program Pendidikan Gizi Sekolah Di Indonesia
Authors: Putri Mia Puspita , Syafiq Ahmad
Published: April 2021

Indonesia menjadi salah satu negara dengan prevalensi stunting yang cukup tinggi dibandingkan negara-negara berpendapatan rendah lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi program gerakan nusantara dalam meningkatkan pencapaian tujuan pendidikan nasional melalui serangkaian kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan (PSP) gizi dan kesehatan, makan makanan yang bergizi seimbang, berolahraga dan membiasakan minum susu setiap hari. Riset evaluasi pada penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari laporan kegiatan gernus bersama PKGK UI. Pelaksanaan program gernus dari tahun ke tahun mengalami perubahan dan perbaikan. Beberapa program yang dilaksanakan ditahun awal, mengalami tambahan dan perbaikan ditahun berikutnya, sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Hasil evaluasi yang dilakukan pada intervensi edukasi gizi di tahun 2014 menjadi acuan untuk perbaikan pelaksanaan intervensi dengan melihat besaran perubahan yang semakin meningkat setelah tahun 2014 yaitu mulai tahun 2015 sampai tahun 2018.
Manifestasi Kulit Pada Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Syahrizal Syahrizal
Published: April 2021

Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit endokrin yang umum ditemui dengan beban yang signifikan pada pasien, sistem pelayanan kesehatan dan komunitas. Terdapat beberapa manifestasi kulit yang berhubungan dengan DM dan sedikitnya 30% pasien DM memiliki kelainan kulit selama perjalanan kronis penyakitnya. Bertambahnya pengetahuan tentang manifestasi kulit pada DM diharapkan dapat meningkatkan prognosis penyakit melalui diagnosis dan terapi sedini mungkin
Nikotin Menyebabkan Osteoporosis
Authors: Nilawati Nina
Published: April 2021

Pada sebagian besar perokok, seringkali ditemukan adanya osteoporosis tulang alveolar. Dari beberapa penelitian telah diketahui terdapat hubungan antara merokok dengan jumlah mineral dan sel sel dalam kandungan tulang. Bahan utama rokok adalah tembakau yang mengandung nikotin. Karena itu untuk mengetahui pengaruh merokok terhadap tulang alveolar, salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan meneliti nikotin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana nikotin dapat menyebabkan osteoporosis pada tulang alveolar. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan disain post-test control group  yang dilakukan pada  16 ekor kelinci New Zealand secara random. Grup 1 (8 ekor), sebagai kelompok kontrol dan grup 2 (8 ekor), sebagai kelompok perlakuan. Pada kelompok perlakukan dilakukan injeksi larutan nikotin selama 1 minggu dengan dosis nikotin sebesar 2,5 mg/kg BW/hari.  Pengamatan dilakukan pada minggu pertama dengan mengukur jumlah sel  osteoklas dan sel osteoblas melalui pemeriksaan  histologi. Dengan analisa statistik ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan dengan kelompok kontrol (p<0,05). Pada kelompok perlakuan, menunjukkan adanya peningkatan jumlah sel osteoklas sementara sel osteoblas menurun. Nikotin dapat menyebabkan osteoporosis tulang alveolar melalui peningkatan jumlah sel osteoklas dan penurunan sel osteoblas.
ĐÁNH GIÁ THỰC TRẠNG ĐĂNG KÝ, CẤP GIẤY CHỨNG NHẬN QUYỀN SỬ DỤNG ĐẤT, QUYỀN SỞ HỮU NHÀ Ở VÀ TÀI SẢN KHÁC GẮN LIỀN VỚI ĐẤT CỦA HỘ GIA ĐÌNH, CÁ NHÂN TẠI HUYỆN LONG THÀNH, TỈNH ĐỒNG NAI
Authors: Bình Nguyễn Văn , Tuyết Trần Thị Ánh , Hoàng Hồ Việt
Published: April 2021

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện tại huyện Long Thành, tỉnh Đồng Nai nhằm đánh giá thực trạng đăng ký, cấp giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất, quyền sở hữu nhà ở và tài sản khác gắn liền với đất của hộ gia đình, cá nhân. Bằng phương pháp thu thập và xử lý số liệu thứ cấp và số liệu phỏng vấn trực tiếp 99 hộ gia đình cá nhân đã thực hiện đăng ký cấp giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất, quyền sở hữu nhà ở và tài sản khác gắn liền với đất tại huyện Long Thành, nghiên cứu đã chỉ ra được một số kết quả như sau: Trong giai đoạn 2015 - 2018, huyện Long Thành đã cấp 11.389 giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất, quyền sở hữu nhà ở và tài sản khác gắn liền với đất trong tổng số 11.931 giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất, quyền sở hữu nhà ở và tài sản khác gắn liền với đất cần cấp, đạt tỷ lệ 95,5%; Diện tích được cấp là 1.893,2 ha trong tổng số 2.059,1 ha, đạt tỷ lệ 91,9%. Bên cạnh đó, huyện cũng đã giải quyết 33.065 hồ sơ trong tổng số 33.938 hồ sơ đã nộp. Phần lớn đối tượng tham gia khảo sát đều tỏ ra hài lòng về các nôi dung đăng ký, cấp giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất, quyền sở hữu nhà ở và tài sản khác gắn liền với đất tại huyện Long Thành trong thời gian vừa qua. Nghiên cứu cũng đã đề xuất được 3 giải pháp nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả công tác trên.
TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA VIỆC THU HỒI ĐẤT NÔNG NGHIỆP ĐẾN SINH KẾ NGƯỜI DÂN TẠI DỰ ÁN KHU ĐÔ THỊ CẦU DÂU, XÃ TRÀNG SƠN, HUYỆN ĐÔ LƯƠNG, TỈNH NGHỆ AN
Authors: Quý Lê Ngọc Phương , Vân Mai Thị Khánh
Published: April 2021

Bài báo này nhằm mục đích làm rõ quá trình thu hồi đất để phục vụ dự án khu đô thị Cầu Dâu cũng như tác động của nó đến sự chuyển đổi vốn sinh kế cho người dân địa phương, thông qua phương pháp phỏng vấn trực tiếp 80 hộ dân xã Tràng Sơn thuộc ba nhóm đối tượng bị ảnh hưởng. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, sau khi thu hồi đất để xây khu đô thị Cầu Dâu, diện tích đất nông nghiệp của các hộ dân giảm rõ rệt từ 32,6% đến 81,1% tổng diện tích. Trước thu hồi đất, khoản thu từ nông nghiệp chiếm tỷ trọng cao nhất (82,6%), nhưng sau thu hồi chỉ chiếm 38,9% trong tổng thu nhập của hộ. Hiện tại, nguồn thu nhập của các hộ gia đình được cải thiện hơn nhờ các ngành nghề lao động tự do và các hoạt động phi nông nghiệp. Sau quá trình thu hồi đất, nguồn vốn vật chất của các hộ dân cũng được cải thiện nhiều hơn. Cụ thể, từ 93% đến 100% các hộ phỏng vấn đều mua sắm được các phương tiện sinh hoạt trong gia đình như xe máy, điện thoại, tivi, tủ lạnh. Bên cạnh những hộ dân nhận được tác động tích cực từ việc thu hồi đất, một số hộ dân vẫn còn gặp phải khó khăn trong quá trình thích ứng với cuộc sống “bên ngoài đồng ruộng”. Nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy cần có những giải pháp cụ thể hơn đối với hình thức bồi thường, hỗ trợ đền bù, tái định cư từ phía Nhà nước để người dân có sinh kế bền vững sau thu hồi đất.

ABSTRACT

This paper aimed to clarify the process of land acquisition to serve the Cau Dau urban project as well as its impact on the conversion of livelihood capital of local people through direct interview method. 80 households in Trang Son commune belonged to three groups of affected people. Research results showed that after recovering land to build Cau Dau urban area, the agricultural land area of ​​households decreased significantly from 32.6% to 81.1% of the total area. Before the land acquisition, income from agriculture accounted for the highest proportion (82.6%). On the other hand, after the recovery, this figure accounted for 38.9% of total household income. At present, household income is being improved thanks to the earned money from freelance labor and non-farm activities. After the land acquisition process, the physical capital of households has been improved. Specifically, from 93% to 100% of the interviewed households could buy home appliances such as refrigerators, televisions, mobile phones, and even motorbikes. Most of the interviewed households have received positive impacts from the acquisition of agricultural land. However, the other ones have faced up difficulties in adapting to "outside the field" life.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KHẢ NĂNG SINH TRƯỞNG VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN CỦA MỘT SỐ GIỐNG HOA ĐỒNG TIỀN LÙN TẠI THÀNH PHỐ HUẾ, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Đình Thục Đỗ
Published: April 2021

Thí nghiệm thực hiện trong vụ Đông Xuân năm 2020 tại thành phố Huế, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế nhằm mục đích tìm hiểu đặc điểm sinh trưởng, phát triển của 6 giống hoa đồng tiền lùn (ĐT) trồng chậu gồm có 305 (màu hồng), ĐT 308 (màu vàng), ĐT 315 (màu trắng), ĐT 320 (màu đỏ thẫm), ĐT 326 (màu đỏ đô), giống đối chứng (màu đỏ tươi) đã được trồng thử nghiệm tại tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế trong 2 năm và xác định được giống hoa đồng tiền lùn phù hợp với điều kiện sinh thái tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy các giống tham gia thí nghiệm có thời gian sinh trưởng phù hợp với điều kiện địa phương (73 - 93 ngày). Các giống hoa đồng tiền lùn thí nghiệm đều có số hoa trên cây dao động từ 1,3 - 1,9 hoa, đường kính hoa đạt yêu cầu thẩm mĩ, độ bền hoa dài, màu sắc hoa đẹp phù hợp với thị hiếu người tiêu dùng trên địa bàn thành phố Huế. Trong đó có 3 giống là ĐT 308 (màu vàng), ĐT 320 (màu đỏ thẫm) và ĐT 305 (màu hồng) có các chỉ tiêu sinh trưởng phát triển tốt hơn so với các giống khác và giống đối chứng.

 ABSTRACT

The experiment was carried out in the Winter-Spring crop of 2020 in Hue city, Thua Thien Hue province with the aim of understanding the growth and development characteristics of 06 potted gerbera varieties including gerbera variety 305 (pink), gerbera variety 308 (yellow), gerbera variety 315 (white), gerbera variety 320 (dark red), gerbera variety 326 (brown red), control gerbera variety (fresh red) and identifying the dwarf gerbera variety suitable for the ecological condition of Thua Thien Hue province. The results of the study showed that the varieties in the experiment had suitable duration for local conditions (73 - 93 days). The experimental dwarf gerbera varieties had the number of flowers per plant ranging from 1.3 to 1.9 flowers, the flower diameter met the aesthetic requirements, long flower durability, beautiful flower color, and general all varieties are suitable for human interests and consumption in Hue city. 3 varieties including gerbera variety 308 (yellow), gerbera variety 320 (dark red), and gerbera variety 305 (pink) had better growth and development performances than other varieties and control variety.
XÁC ĐỊNH MỘT SỐ LOÀI ĐỊCH HẠI TRÊN HÀU NUÔI TẠI ĐẦM LẬP AN, THỊ TRẤN LĂNG CÔ, HUYỆN PHÚ LỘC, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Hoàng Nguyễn Việt , Thuần Đoàn Thị Ngọc , Sự Võ Văn , Thủy Nguyễn Thị Thanh , Chất Tôn Thất
Published: April 2021

Qua quá trình điều tra cho thấy có 4 nhóm địch hại phổ biến đối với hàu nuôi ở đầm Lập An, thị trấn Lăng Cô, huyện Phú Lộc, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế gồm: (i) Họ vẹm (vẹm Xanh (Perna viridis), vẹm Đen (Perna sp.); (ii) Sun (Balanus sp.); (iii) Giun nhiều tơ (Polydora sp.); và (iv) các loài ăn thịt (tôm Sú - Penaeus monodon, cua Xanh - Scylla parapamosain, cá Dìa - Siganus guttatus). Vẹm Xanh (Perna viridis) và vẹm Đen (Perna sp.) giống xuất hiện nhiều vào tháng 4 - tháng 5. Sun (Balanus sp.) xuất hiện nhiều từ tháng 6 - tháng 12, địch hại còn lại xuất hiện hầu như suốt vụ nuôi. Hình thức gây hại chính của địch hại là kí sinh trong, ngoài vỏ và bám chiếm giá thể, còn các loài ăn thịt dùng các cơ quan phá vỡ vỏ hàu để ăn thịt. Tổng sản lượng hàu nuôi tại đầm Lập An là 529,5 tấn/vụ, sản lượng trung bình đạt 8,54 tấn/hộ/vụ. Nghề nuôi hàu mang lại thu nhập cao cho người dân tại đầm Lập An, lợi nhuận các hộ nuôi hàu tại đầm Lập An thu được từ 74 - 118 triệu đồng/vụ. Khi thời tiết không thuận lợi, địch hại hàu nuôi xuất hiện nhiều khi phát triển bùng phát làm giảm năng suất và sản lượng của hàu nuôi.

ABSTRACT

The investigation showed that there are 4 common harmful groups of oysters in Lap An lagoon, Lang Co town, Phu Loc district, Thua Thien Hue province, including (i) Mussel (Green mussel - Perna viridis, Black mussel - Perna sp.); (ii) Sun (Balanus sp.); (iii) Polychaete (Polydora sp.); and (iv) Predators such as Giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon), Mud crab (Scylla parapamosain), Orange spotted spinefoot (Siganus guttatus). Green mussel (Perna viridis), Black mussel (Perna sp.), the breed mainly appears in April - May. Sun (Balanus sp.) mostly appears from June to December, the remaining predators nearly appear during the crop. The main harmful forms of natural enemies are to live as parasites inside, outside of the shell, and clinging to the planktons, while the predators use some of their body parts to break the oysters’ outer shell. The total production of cultured oysters in Lap An lagoon is 529.5 tons/crop, the average yield is 8.54 tons/household/crop. Oyster farming brings high income for people in Lap An lagoon, oyster farming households in Lap An lagoon earn from 74 to 118 million VND/crop. When the weather is unfavorable, the predators of cultured oysters sometimes appear to grow out, reducing the productivity and yield of cultured oysters.