bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epilepsy during the COVID‐19 pandemic lockdown: a US population survey
Authors: Casassa Charles , Moss Robert , Goldenholz Daniel M.
Published: May 2021

Objective. This study sought to understand issues facing people with epilepsy (PWE) during the lockdown period of the COVID‐19 pandemic in the United States.

Methods. We conducted a cross‐sectional study using a 20‐question survey that used SeziureTracker.com, sent to eligible PWE and their caregivers on May 6th, 2020. Questions about demographics and medical history were used to calculate COVID mortality risk odds ratios (OR) compared to a low baseline risk group.

Results. In total, 505 responses were collected. Of these, 71% reported no change in seizure rates and 25% reported an increase in seizures, which they attributed primarily to disrupted sleep (63%) and decreased exercise (42%). Mortality risks from COVID‐19 had median OR of 1.67, ranging 1.00‐906.98. Fear about hospitalization (53%) and concern for loved ones (52%) were prominent concerns. Of the respondents, 5% reported stopping or reducing anti‐seizure medications due to problems communicating with doctors, access or cost. Lower‐risk COVID patients reported more fear of hospitalization (55% versus 38%, p<0.001) and anxiety about medication access (43% versus 28%, p=0.03) compared with higher‐risk COVID patients. Increased anxiety was reported in 47%, and increased depression in 28%. Ten percent without generalized convulsions and 8% with did not know anything about epilepsy devices (VNS, RNS, DBS).

Significance. The COVID‐19 pandemic presents unique challenges to PWE, including increased seizure rates, problems with access and cost of life‐saving medications. Those with lower COVID‐19 risk may have been marginalized more than those with higher risk. Efforts to protect PWE during major public health emergencies should take these findings into account.
Cognitive and behavioural development in children presenting with complex febrile seizures: at onset and school age
Authors: Sheppard Emilie , Lalancette Eve , Thébault‐Dagher Fanny , Lafontaine Marc‐Philippe , Knoth Inga Sophia , Gravel Jocelyn , Lippé Sarah
Published: May 2021

Objective. Our goal was to assess development, cognition and behaviour following an initial complex febrile seizure (FS), at onset and school age, in the context of known risk factors for cognitive development.

Methods. Two cohorts were recruited. Thirty‐five infants with an initial complex FS were assessed within the first year post‐seizure and compared to 30 controls (simple FS) based on measures of cognitive, motor and language development, behaviour and emotions. Additionally, 19 school‐age children with previous complex FS (11 multiple, eight prolonged) were assessed and compared to 19 controls (simple FS) based on measures of intelligence, learning/memory, executive functioning, behaviour and emotions.

Results. Within the first year post‐onset, infants with complex FS did not significantly differ from controls based on developmental measures. Seizure duration and age at seizure onset did not impact developmental outcome. School‐age children with complex FS showed unaltered global intelligence, but lower executive functioning, compared to controls. Children with prolonged FS also showed evidence of a lower level of learning and memory abilities. Neuropsychological scores correlated with seizure duration. Children with complex FS showed more attentional problems and anxious/depressed symptomatology at onset and school age, and more hyperactivity at school age.

Significance. Infants with complex FS seemed to show normal development within the first year post‐seizure onset. However, challenges in executive functioning, learning and memory at school age were found in children with a history of FS. Hence, at school age, cognitive challenges cannot be excluded based on undifferentiated early cognitive development, and may occur even in the absence of the most severe form of FS (i.e., FSE). Beyond the limits of this study (i.e., small sample size, use of parental questionnaires for emotional/behavioural outcome, absence of focal cases in the school‐age cohort), our results suggest that a follow‐up is necessary beyond the early preschool years in order to understand the long‐term outcome.
Unmasking the entity of ‘drug‐resistant’ perioral myoclonia with absences: the twitches, darts and domes!
Authors: Rudrabhatla Pavan Kumar , ER Sunesh , Radhakrishnan Ashalatha , Menon Ramshekhar N.
Published: May 2021

Objective. Perioral myoclonia with absences (POMA) is not recognized as a unique electro‐clinical syndrome and studies suggest its inclusion under the genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) spectrum. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and electro‐clinical homogeneity of this disorder in an epilepsy monitoring unit.

Methods. Between 2013 and 2019, among drug‐resistant epilepsy patients who were referred for video‐telemetry, those diagnosed with POMA based on the presence of documented absences with prominently observed peri‐oral muscular contractions accompanied by generalized EEG features were included.

Results. Among 62 patients who were diagnosed with absence epilepsy, five finally met the criteria for POMA (8.1%) with late childhood or adolescent onset of epilepsy. Four (80%) had a referral diagnosis of focal epilepsy based on historical focal features with exacerbation of seizures on oxcarbazepine. All five patients demonstrated brief absences with orbicularis oris muscle contractions accompanied by subtle focal phenomenology. One patient had concurrent axial‐appendicular myoclonic jerks precipitated by hyperventilation. While four patients had strikingly identical interictal and ictal characteristics of typical absence epilepsy, one patient demonstrated additional atypical generalized polyspike discharges without a “dart‐dome” morphology. Therapeutic response to introduction of sodium valproate was noted in all five patients. Features that were not consistent with the diagnosis were apparent in one patient who was re‐classified with combined focal and generalized epilepsy. Differentiating aspects in this patient included multifocal discharges, background slowing, fast‐recruiting ictal rhythms and valproate resistance.

Significance. This is one of the largest case series of POMA. This entity, which falls under the spectrum of GGE, remains under‐diagnosed and its distinctive electro‐clinical features need to be recorded in order to prevent misclassification as focal epilepsy of probable opercular origin. Background‐slowing, atypical ictal rhythms and valproate unresponsiveness are not consistent with the diagnosis of this unique absence epilepsy. [Published with video sequences].
A characteristic occipital epileptiform EEG pattern in ADCK3‐related mitochondrial disease
Authors: Arntsen Vibeke , Sand Trond , Hikmat Omar , Samsonsen Christian , Bindoff Laurence A. , Brodtkorb Eylert
Published: May 2021

Objective. ADCK3‐related disease is a mitochondrial disorder associated with an abnormality of coenzyme Q10 metabolism. Ataxia and epilepsy are common, and the phenotype overlaps with other mitochondrial encephalopathies, particularly POLG‐related disease. CoQ10 supplementation may be beneficial. We have noted a remarkable epileptiform pattern in ADCK3‐related encephalopathy, and since EEG studies in this rare condition are limited, we wished to assess the evolution of EEG characteristics in patients with this disorder.

Methods. All EEG recordings of the four known patients from Mid‐Norway were systematically reviewed. EEG graphoelements were classified according to the standardized computer‐based organized reporting of EEG (SCORE) and international glossary terms. The evolution of EEG features was assessed. A total of 96 recordings spanning over 15–32 years were available, with a mean of 24 per patient (range: 17–28). Altogether, 50 digital recordings were reviewed, including four long‐term and 46 selected paper segments.

Results. In three patients, EEG showed prominent bilateral asynchronous and synchronous epileptiform discharges in occipital and posterior‐temporal regions. This intense activity included multiple epileptiform graphoelements, which occurred continuously, nearly continuously or in prolonged runs. The findings remained stable over many years.

Significance. Although the number of patients is small, we suggest that interictal EEG findings of continuous/nearly continuous bi‐occipital spike‐waves may serve as a biomarker for this potentially treatable condition. This peculiar EEG pattern might help to differentiate ADCK3‐related disease from the more common POLG‐related disease, which is usually characterized by lateralized or focal slowing with more sporadic epileptiform elements of similar topography.
Economics of food waste management in Russia
Authors: Subrakova Ludmila K.
Published: May 2021

Importance. One of the problems in the field of waste management in Russia is the exclusion of food waste, which has the largest share in the volume of municipal solid waste, from the processes of separate collection and accumulation. This preserves high risks of environmental pollution, increases waste management costs and economic losses from the loss of valuable recyclable materials. Logistics is a negative factor in the economy of waste management, the shoulder of transportation at all stages of circulation is usually large due to the remoteness of the places of formation from the places of processing and disposal. Objectives are substantiation of solving the problem of food waste management in Russia on the basis of separate collection, utilization and processing. To develop the necessary justification for solving the problem, the following tasks were set: analysis of the state of waste management in Russia; comparison of the applied methods of processing food waste; identifying ways to include households in the food waste management process; compilation of a transport model of costs for garbage removal to the places of accumulation and processing; calculation of savings in transportation costs due to the processing of the food component in the places of its formation. Methods. Justification of the priority separate collection and processing of food waste is carried out by methods of modeling, calculation of savings and factor analysis of the impact of separate collection on costs in the field of waste management. The research materials were statistical, planned and reporting data, the results obtained by domestic and foreign researchers on this topic. Results. A model of transport costs for the separate collection of waste has been developed, the quantitative effect of the separate collection of food waste on the change in transport costs for the removal of solid municipal waste has been determined using the example of urban municipalities of the Republic of Khakassia. Models of MSW transportation have been developed so far without taking selectivity into account. The factors of reducing transport costs have been identified. The discussion of the results. The developed model of transport costs for separate waste collection is useful for adjusting territorial waste management schemes in any region. The difference between this model and the existing ones is the accounting for the separate collection of food waste, which reduces transportation costs and overall costs in the industry. The implementation of the model is facilitated by the creation of a digital waste management infrastructure.
Epistemology of the development of the category «Economic interests»
Authors: Mironova Irina S. , Sotnikov Stanislav M.
Published: May 2021

Importance: Economic relations between agents of the market system regarding the emergence and existence of economic interests, as well as the analysis of theoretical and methodological problems of the essence and content of the category of "economic interests" as the most important motive and stimulus for the activities of subjects in the concepts of foreign and domestic researchers of this problem. Purpose. An attempt has been made to clarify the content of the economic category "economic interests"; to reveal the interdependence and interdependence of eco-nomic interests and needs; determine which of them is primary and which is secondary; explore this concept as a complex hierarchically subordinate system.Methodology. In the process of studying the problems of the emergence and development of economic interests of economic entities, the methods of system-functional analysis, scientific abstraction, general and special, analysis and synthesis, ascent from the concrete to the abstract and vice versa, the unity of historical and logical approaches were used. Results: The analysis of the main provisions reflecting the content of the considered category is carried out, its relationship with consumption is revealed, the specificity of these relations is reflected, the forms of manifestation of interests in reality are indicated. The authors have given the content of the category of "economic interest", which is a hierarchical system that includes the following aspects: first - objectivity, since these relationships arise independently of the will and conscious-ness of people; the second - the realization of economic interest contributes to the satisfaction of the needs of individuals; the third is the objective-subjective nature of manifestation in real conditions, because economic interest is objective in nature, but is realized through the subjective activity of people. Conclusions: the content of the category "economic interest" has been clarified as the need to satisfy, first of all, the material needs of economic entities through socio-economic relations. Economic interest is a multi-level complex hierarchical system, which is characterized by objectivity, focus on meeting the needs of indi-viduals, an objective-subjective form of manifestation in reality.
Three Generations of Intergenerational Transmission of Neighbourhood Context
Authors: Hedman Lina , Van Ham Maarten
Published: May 2021

The literature on intergenerational contextual mobility has shown that neighbourhood status is partly ‘inherited’ from parents by children. Children who spend their childhood in deprived neighbourhoods are more likely to live in such neighbourhoods as adults. It has been suggested that such transmission of neighbourhood status is also relevant from a multiple generation perspective. To our knowledge, however, this has only been confirmed by simulations and not by empirical research. This study uses actual empirical data covering the entire Swedish population over a 25-year period, to investigate intergenerational similarities in neighbourhood status for three generations of Swedish women. The findings suggest that the neighbourhood environments of Swedish women are correlated with the neighbourhood statuses of their mothers and, to some extent, grandmothers. These results are robust over two different analytical strategies—comparing the neighbourhood status of the three generations at roughly similar ages and at the same point in time—and two different spatial scales. We argue that the finding of such effects in (relatively egalitarian) Sweden implies that similar, and possibly stronger, patterns are likely to exist in other countries as well.
Yükseköğretim Kurumlarında Akademik Liderlik ile Örgütsel Bağlılık Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: BALOĞLU Nuri , ÖZ Hamza
Published: May 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, yükseköğretim kurumlarında görev yapan öğretim elemanlarının algıladıkları akademik liderlik ile örgütsel bağlılık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemektir. Çalışma ilişkisel tarama modeli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma evrenini Orta Anadolu’da ki bir devlet Üniversitesinde görev yapmakta olan toplam 892 akademik personel oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma örneklemi küme örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenen 252 öğretim elemanından oluşmaktadır. Veriler Karsantık tarafından geliştirilen “Akademik Liderlik Ölçeği” ile Meyer ve Allen tarafından geliştirilen çalışanların örgütsel bağlılığını değerlemeye yönelik “Örgütsel Bağlılık Ölçeği” yardımı ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada ilgili yükseköğretim kurumuna ait farklı birimlerde görev yapan öğretim elemanlarının algıladıkları akademik liderlik ve örgütsel bağlılık düzeyleri katılımcıların görev yaptıkları birim, akademik unvan, cinsiyet, yaş ve mesleki kıdem değişkenlerine göre belirlenmiş ve değişkenler arası ilişkiler ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçları arasında akademik liderlik algısının birim, akademik unvan, cinsiyet ve kıdem değişkenine göre farklılaşmadığı, yaş değişkenine göre farklılaştığı görülmektedir. Öğretim elemanlarının örgütsel bağlılık düzeylerinin birim ve cinsiyet değişkenlerine göre farklılaşmadığı, yaş değişkenine göre duygusal ve normatif bağlılık düzeylerinin farklılaşmadığı, devam bağlılık düzeylerinin farklılaştığı, kıdem değişkenine göre duygusal bağlılık düzeylerinin farklılaşmadığı, devam ve normatif bağlılık düzeylerinin farklılaştığı, akademik unvan değişkenine göre farklılaştığı görülmektedir. Akademik liderlik algısının örgütsel bağlılık düzeyini, örgütsel bağlılık düzeyinin de akademik liderlik algısını etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Development of Empathy of Seventh-graders on the Basis of Musical and Stage Images
Authors: Kiryanov I.E. , Lipkan N.V.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of our study is to identify the developing potential of musical stage images in terms of the development of empathy of seventh-graders. In the course of the study, we elaborated an algorithm for development of empathy of adolescents, in which the main idea is to create conditions for the manifestation of the subjectivity of the position of schoolchildren. This algorithm is based on the theory of gradual assimilation of mental actions by P.Ya. Galperin, where the methods of developing empathy (heuristic conversation, cinquain, stage dialogues and monologue of the hero) are subordinated to its stages (formation of motivation, creation of an indicative basis for action, formation of materialized action, stages of formation of mental actions in external and internal speech, automation of action). The following part of this article presents the results of the experiment, in which 47 seven grade students, ages 13–14, from Irkutsk secondary school No. 65 took part. To determine the initial level of the seventh-graders empathy, we used a standardized test “Diagnosis the level of empathy” by V.V. Boyko, which includes six components (rational, emotional, intuitive channels; attitudes that promote or hinder empathy; penetrating ability; identification). To develop the empathy in the experimental group of students of the 7th grade, 6 lessons were held, where taking into account the students conscious, heartfelt attitude to the topic, ideas and images two musical and dramatic works were used: Glinka's Opera “Ivan Susanin” (“Life for the Tsar”) and L. Bernstein's musical “West side story”. The data obtained in the course of the study indicate the effectiveness of the algorithm for developing empathy of seventh-graders based on musical and stage images, which is confirmed by the method of statistical testing of hypotheses using the Student's t-test.
Social Well-being of Postgraduate Students: Emotional Assessment of Life Prospects
Authors: Sobkin V.S. , Smyslova M.M.
Published: May 2021

The article presents the data of an anonymous monitoring questionnaire survey conducted by employees of the Information and analytical center of Russian Academy of education in 2019. The study involved students of post-graduate research organizations that train post-graduate students in the field of education Sciences, as well as pedagogical universities in Moscow, St. Petersburg and other regions of the Russian Federation. The paper examines the influence of socio-demographic, socio-stratification and socio-psychological factors on the emotional assessment of graduate students' prospects. Empirical data were processed using mathematical statistics methods. It is shown that the assessment of one's own life prospects associated with the influence of socio-demographic (gender, family status), socio-stratification (material status, educational status of the parents of a graduate student) and socio-psychological factors (the presence of formed plans, the presence of emigration plans).
Reliability Augmentation through Technological Applications in Indian Aircraft Maintenance Training sector
Authors: Et. al. C.S. Karunakaran ,
Published: May 2021

The paper focuses on the technological needs in Indian aircraft maintenance training sector towards reducing the human errors and to enhance the maintenance reliability. An overview of Indian MRO s’ skill requirements and the immediate necessity to improve the standards in maintenance human factors and technology based training is elaborated. The existing level of Indian AMT training in comparison to international standards are discussed to spot the areas with scope of improvement and the weak link in existing process. Need of maintenance training with intense knowledge and practical exposure can downturn maintenance errors and aid in cutting cost of the maintenance expenditure by increasing reliability were discussed. Impact of Computerised Maintenance Management System (CMMS), in augmenting current maintenance performance and its importance in terms of efficient operation and Labour maintenance were reviewed. Technology identification to address the need for improvement in traditional training, using the applications of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) in maintenance training would equip the Aircraft Maintenance Trainees (AMT’s) with complete knowledge and practice were analysed. This view point can be a thought provoking research to evaluate a right road map for improving the current Indian aircraft maintenance training sector to global standards resulting in optimising the state of India’s MRO self-reliance ability.
Effect Of Cupping Massage and Modified Spinal Decompression Therapy With Exercise Therapy in Neck Radiculopathy Syndrome
Authors: Et. al. Al-Jazzazi, Saleem. Abdulmageed,
Published: May 2021

Cervical radiculopathy Syndrome (CRS) is a common neuro-musculo-skeletal disorder causing pain and disability. Manual therapy interventions including cervical traction with other treatment modalities have been advocated to decrease pain and disability caused by cervical radiculopathy (CR). Al-Qudah & AL-Jazzazi (2021) conducted a new method of Spinal Decompression Therapy (SDT) in patients with Chronic Lumbar Disc Herniation (CLDH) which includes Combination of Lumbar Traction With Cervical Traction (CLTCT) as one intervention. Despite of that this new method clinically reduces pain and disability more effectively than the conventional types of Traction, CLTCT method was not previously used in CR patients nor with Cervical Disc Herniation (CDH). The clinical effectiveness of this new method with other treatment modalities in patients with CRS was not approved yet.  OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the presented work is to identify the effectiveness of rehabilitative program on patients with Cervical Radiculopathy, by (15) sessions for (4) Weeks. The suggested Rehabilitative program consisted of: 1.Supine Soft Full Back, Shoulders and Neck Cupping Massage (CM) for (10) minutes, 2.CLTCT: Combined Lumbar Traction with Cervical Traction as one intervention for (20) minutes, 3.Gradual Therapeutic Exercise Package of Neck Stretching and Strengthening Exercise for approximately (15) minutes. METHODS: In this study, Five outdoor male patients had accepted to participate  and were randomly chosen from Al-Karak Governmental Hospital, All subjects applied the proposed rehabilitative program. The results were analyzed using the SPSS system. RESULTS: indicates that there was statistically significant difference between the pre and post measurements in favor of the post measurements in terms of Pain, Disability. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that the use of proposed rehabilitative program has a positive effect on patients with Cervical Radiculopathy.
Kümeslerin Su Gereksiniminin Yağmur Suyu Hasadından Karşılanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Kahramanmaraş Örneği
Authors: ÇAYLI Ali
Published: May 2021

Kümeslerde yaz aylarında uygun çevre koşullarının sağlanması için evaporatif serinletme sistemleri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu sistemler, çeşitli koşullara bağlı olarak değişmekle birlikte oldukça yüksek seviyelerde suya gereksinim duymaktadır. Bu durum suyun kıt olduğu veya erişiminde zorluklar bulunan bölgelerde sorun oluşturabilir. Bu nedenle ihtiyaç duyulan suyun karşılanması için yağmur suyu hasadı (YSH) bir çözüm olabilir. Bu çalışmada, Akdeniz Bölgesinin doğusunda bulunan Kahramanmaraş ili uzun yıllık saatlik bölge iklim verileri kullanılarak, seçilen bir etlik piliç kümesi için su gereksinimi hesaplanmış ve yağışla depolanabilecek su miktarı ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Aynı zamanda su tüketiminin çevresel koşullarla ilişkisi araştırılmış ve uygun depo kapasitelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bulgulara göre toplam su gereksinimi, dış ortam sıcaklığın 27°C üzerine çıktığında evaporatif serinletme sisteminin çalıştırılması durumunda maksimum 1532 L m-2 yıl-1, ped hava çıkış sıcaklığının 24°C olacak şekilde sistemin kontrol edilmesi durumunda ise 1012.9 L m-2 yıl-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Aynı koşullar için sadece evaporatif su gereksinimi ise sırasıyla 1060.7 L m-2 yıl-1 ve 541.6 L m-2 yıl-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Meteorolojik kayıtlara göre bölgede ortalama yıllık yağış 733.6 L m-2’dir. Bu durumda toplam su gereksinimi her koşulda yağmur suyu hasadı ile karşılanamamaktadır. Ancak sadece belli koşullarda evaporatif serinletme su gereksinimi yağmur suyu hasadı ile karşılanabilir.
Explorando nuevas formas de ser varón. Análisis de narrativas en la construcción de una masculinidad alternativa
Authors: Trujano Ruíz Patricia , Vázquez Mandujano Sandra Mirely
Published: May 2021

Las expresiones de género se están diversificando paulatinamente en una sociedad contemporánea de profundas transformaciones, dando lugar a manifestaciones más incluyentes. Nuestro objetivo fue explorar los procesos de construcción de una identidad masculina alternativa de un joven universitario, analizando sus narrativas desde el marco teórico socioconstruccionista mediante una entrevista semiestructurada. Dentro de su sistema de significados, se encontró la presencia de violencia en su infancia y un entorno machista que lo llevaron a confeccionar su propio estilo personal y relacional con una clara influencia femenina para definir una personalidad andrógina. También fue patente la presión de los discursos heterocentristas a través de violencias ejercidas hacia los disidentes del orden social. Este trabajo contribuye a visibilizar los procesos de construcción de personalidades diferentes de la normatividad genérica, y subraya la necesidad de desarrollar investigaciones que den voz a las minorías sociales de nuestra época.
Características personales, integración institucional y aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios de Juliaca
Authors: Apaza Justo Juan José , Damián Núñez Edgar , Uribe Hernández Yrene Cecilia
Published: May 2021

Esta investigación implica un tratamiento y análisis científico entre las características personales, la integración institucional y el aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad Andina Néstor Cáceres Velásquez y Universidad Alas Peruanas de Juliaca. Se desarrolló dentro del enfoque cuantitativo, basado en el diseño correlacional-descriptivo y de corte trasversal. La muestra incluyó a 244 estudiantes de ambas casas de estudio. Los instrumentos Proceso de Identidad Ego, Escala de Autoeficacia Académica y Escala de Integración Institucional permitieron comprobar que existe relación entre las variables. Se concluyó que existe relación positiva alta entre las características personales, la integración institucional y el aprendizaje en los estudiantes. Además, existe relación positiva alta entre la característica estatus de identidad, integración institucional y el aprendizaje. Con estas evidencias, se dará paso a la medición de los puntos críticos que generan falencias en la integración institucional y se actuará sobre ello.
Radiographic aspects of acute community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis in children
Authors: Rakotomalala Rivo Lova Herilanto , Rakotondravelo Harimino Mireille , Ranivoson Andrianina Harivelo , Robinson Annick Lalaina
Published: May 2021

Background: The etiological diagnosis of pneumonia is often difficult because of the impossibility of microbiological confirmation most of the time. Therefore, chest X-ray is still essential for a positive diagnosis and etiological orientation. The main objective of our study was to describe the radiographic aspects of acute community-acquired pneumonia and tubercular pneumonia in children.Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study conducted at the university hospital mother and child of Tsaralalana from January 1st to July 31st, 2017.Results: Sixty-nine cases of pneumonia were included, including 13 cases of TB pneumonia and 46 cases of acute community-acquired pneumonia. The average age was 36.68 months with a male predominance. Clinically, respiratory functional signs predominated in both cases. Alteration in general condition was mainly observed in tubercular pneumonia (26.08%). Alveolar syndromes were present in 43.47% of TB pneumonias and 36.94% of acute community-acquired pneumonia. With regard to the radiographic images, alveolar involvement was common to both types of pneumonia; the nodular image was present in 8.69% of the tubercular pneumonias and 2.17% of the acute community-acquired pneumonia; the cavity image was present only in the tubercular pneumonia (p=0.04); the right-sided location predominated in both cases.Conclusions: X-ray images were common to both TB pneumonia and acute community-acquired pneumonia; some images were specific to TB pneumonia. However, the etiologic orientation of pneumonia is based on a combination of epidemiologic, clinical, and radiographic evidence.
Comparative study of tension band wiring and pre contoured locking compression plate fixation in olecranon fractures in adults
Authors: Mahoviya Mohit , Choudhari Pradeep , Patel Divyanshu , Choyal Arpit
Published: May 2021

Background: Olecranon fractures are about 10% of all proximal forearm fractures.Mostly intra articular fractures, require anatomical reduction and internal fixation for satisfactory clinical outcomes. The most commonly used techniques are still tension band wiring (TBW) and plate fixation (PF). The aim of the current study is to discuss whether TBW or PF technique of internal fixation is better in the treatment of olecranon fractures.

Methods: This is a comparative study including 30 adult patients of olecranon fracture classified by Mayo classification and operated upon by tension band plating (group A) and tension band wiring (group B) at Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and PG Institute, Indore. All operated cases between the period of January 2018 to August 2019 with follow up of 1 year were assessed on the basis of functional outcome using Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS).

Results: The MEPS, 73% of the patients in group A achieved a good to excellent results in comparison to 60% in group B. no significant differences between the two groups could be detected regarding the clinical and radiographic outcome.

Conclusions: Both TBW and PF interventions had treatment benefit in OFs. The current study reveals that there are no significant differences in MEPS, improvement rate and ROM between TBW and PF for OFs. More high-quality studies are required to further confirm our results as most of the cases included in study belonged to Mayo type IIA category.
Impactos del programa Ingreso Solidario frente a la crisis del COVID-19 en Colombia
Authors: Gallego Jorge , Hoffmann Bridget , Ibarrarán Pablo , Medina María Paula , Pecha Camilo , Romero Olga , Stampini Marco , Vargas David , Vera-Cossio Diego A.
Published: May 2021

La crisis desencadenada por el brote del COVID-19 trajo consigo un desafío fundamental para las redes de protección social: entregar beneficios rápidamente a aquellos hogares que más lo necesitan. En este documento presentamos los resultados de la evaluación de Ingreso Solidario en Colombia, un programa de transferencias monetaria no condicionadas dirigido a hogares pobres y vulnerables que no se beneficiaban de los programas preexistentes a la pandemia. La evaluación se realiza mediante el método de regresión discontinua en el que se comparan distintos indicadores de bienestar entre hogares elegibles y no elegibles alrededor del punto de corte que determina la elegibilidad, basado en un puntaje que aproxima el ingreso del hogar. Es decir, se enfoca en un subgrupo de hogares con ingresos relativamente más altos que los del beneficiario promedio del programa. Encontramos que Ingreso Solidario incrementó la probabilidad de que los hogares mantengan alguna fuente de ingreso y que no generó desincentivos a la participación en el mercado laboral. Encontramos también que Ingreso Solidario incrementó el gasto en educación de los hogares y la probabilidad de hacer gastos en artículos de limpieza. No encontramos evidencia de efectos sobre el consumo de alimentos en promedio, pero encontramos efectos heterogéneos basados en la severidad de las disrupciones laborales que afectaron a los hogares durante la pandemia: el programa incrementó el consumo de alimentos en los hogares que perdieron una mayor parte de ingresos. Finalmente, encontramos que el programa incentivó la apertura de nuevas cuentas bancarias e incrementó el uso de estas para realizar pagos, sugiriendo que el programa puede generar importantes efectos en inclusión financiera a largo plazo.
A Logarithmic Function-Based Novel Representation Algorithm for Image Classification
Authors: Zhang Haiyue , Xu Daoyun , Qin Yongbin
Published: May 2021

Salient feature extraction is an important task in image classification and recognition. Although classification techniques focus on the bright part of an image, many pixels of the image are of similar saliency. To address the issue, this paper proposes the logarithmic function-based novel representation algorithm (LFNR) to apply a novel representation for each image. The original and novel representations were fused to improve the classification accuracy. Experimental results show that, thanks to the simultaneous use of original and novel representations, the test samples could be better classified. The classification algorithms coupled with the LFNR all witnessed lower error rates than the original algorithms. In particular, the collaboration representation-based classification coupled with the LFNR significantly outperformed the other sparse representation algorithms, such as homotopy, primal augmented Lagrangian method (PALM), and sparse reconstruction by separable approximation algorithm (SpaRSA). The no-parameter property of the LFNR is also noteworthy.
Modeling Fingerprint Presentation Attack Detection Through Transient Liveness Factor-A Person Specific Approach
Authors: Verma Akhilesh , Gupta Vijay Kumar , Goel Savita , Akbar  , Yadav Arun Kumar , Yadav Divakar
Published: May 2021

A self-learning, secure and independent open-set solution is essential to be explored to characterise the liveness of fingerprint presentation. Fingerprint spoof presentation classified as live (a Type-I error) is a major problem in a high-security establishment. Type-I error are manifestation of small number of spoof sample. We propose to use only live sample to overcome above challenge. We put forward an adaptive ‘fingerprint presentation attack detection’ (FPAD) scheme using interpretation of live sample. It requires initial high-quality live fingerprint sample of the concerned person. It uses six different image quality metrics as a transient attribute from each live sample and record it as ‘Transient Liveness Factor’ (TLF). Our study also proposes to apply fusion rule to validate scheme with three outlier detection algorithms, one-class support vector machine (SVM), isolation forest and local outlier factor. Proposed study got phenomenal accuracy of 100% in terms of spoof detection, which is an open-set method. Further, this study proposes and discuss open issues on person specific spoof detection on cloud-based solutions.
Three-Dimensional Target Detection Based on RGB-D Data
Authors: Jiang Fuchun , Zhang Hongyi , Zhu Chen
Published: May 2021

The current three-dimensional (3D) target detection model has a low accuracy, because the surface information of the target can only be partially represented by its two-dimensional (2D) image detector. To solve the problem, this paper studies the 3D target detection in the RGB-D data of indoor scenes, and modifies the frustum PointNet (F-PointNet), a model superior in point cloud data processing, to detect indoor targets like sofa, chair, and bed. The 2D image detector of F-PointNet was replaced with you only look once (YOLO) v3 and faster region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) respectively. Then, the F-PointNet models with the two 2D image detectors were compared on SUN RGB-D dataset. The results show that the model with YOLO v3 did better in target detection, with a clear advantage in mean average precision (>6.27).
Design of Automated Visual Inspection System for Beverage Industry Production Line
Authors: Padhee Subhransu , Nandan Durgesh
Published: May 2021

This paper provides an overall design and implementation perspective of a laboratory-scale automated visual inspection system for the beverage industry's production line. A case study has been undertaken where the image processing algorithm inspects the beverage bottle for any defects. Different defects such as improper labeling and improper liquid level can be detected using the image processing algorithm. A laboratory prototype of the conveyor belt has been built, and a prototype filling plant has been established to verify the simulation results.
Dance Action Recognition and Pose Estimation Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Zhu Fengling , Zhu Ruichao
Published: May 2021

Sports action recognition helps athletes correct their action range and standardize their poses. But it is not an easy task to recognize sports actions, due to the individual difference in action execution. Besides, the difficulty of action recognition increases with the diversity of actions and the complexity of background. The previous studies have not fully considered temporal changes, and failed to determine the exact staring point of actions. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a new method to recognize dance actions and estimate poses based on deep convolutional neural network (DCNN). Firstly, the authors presented full-effect expression of global and local features of dance actions, and derived an optimal model based on DeepPose. Next, a dance pose evaluation model was established based on time sequence segmentation network, and the sparse time sampling strategy was introduced to realize efficient and effective learning of the frame sequence of the whole video. Experimental results confirm the superiority of the full-effect expression of global and local features, and the effectiveness of the proposed model. The research results provide a reference for the application of deep learning (DL) in other scenarios of action recognition and pose estimation.
Термоадсорбционное облагораживание тяжелых нефтяных остатков
Authors: Онгарбаев Е.К. , Отеули Ш.А. , Тилеуберди Е. , Иманбаев Е.И. , Малдыбаев Г.К.
Published: May 2021

В работе проведен процесс термоадсорбционного облагораживания тяжелого нефтяного остатка – гудрона Павлодарского нефтехимического завода с целью снижения содержания металлов и серы. Для процесса испытаны адсорбенты на основе цеолита, модифицированные наноразмерными добавками ванадия и углерода. Установлены оптимальные параметры процесса: температура 350-360°С, продолжительность 4 ч. В результате процесса деметаллизации и обессеривания степень извлечения ванадия и никеля составила 84-88 %, а содержание серы снизилось с 2,9 до 1,9 %.
Супергидрофобные материалы и покрытия: обзор
Authors: Нажипкызы М. , Мансуров З. А.
Published: May 2021

В этой статье описаны последние достижения в области создания супергидрофобных поверхностей. Основная идея получения супергидрофобных поверхностей заключается в создании неровностеймикронаноповерхности с изменением химического состава для увеличения поверхностного натяжения воды на контактной поверхности. Предлагаемый обзор состоит из восьми разделов, такие как: получение гидрофобных наноструктур в пламени; получение гидрофобного песка; антиобледенение; прозрачные и антибликовые супергидрофобные покрытия; снижение гидравлического сопротивления; применение в батарейках и в топливных элементах; супергидрофобная диатомитовая земля; супергидрофобный текстиль. Растущий интерес к самоочищающимся покрытиям объясняется их низкой стоимостью обслуживания, высокой долговечностью и огромным потенциалом применения. Такие покрытия, например, могут обеспечивать полезную стойкость к засорению, обледенению, смазыванию, коррозии и обладают способностью отделять воду от масла. Супергидрофобные поверхности привлекают внимание ученых и инженеров из-за их исключительной водоотталкивающей способности. Следовательно, разработка и создание самоочищающихся материалов представляет значительный интерес для исследователей во всем мире.
Representação da música das minorias: reflexões sobre a China
Authors: Qi Nan , Cesetti Durval
Published: May 2021

Este artigo oferece uma perspectiva histórica sobre as 55 minorias étnicas oficiais da China e descreve como suas músicas (e culturas, de forma geral) são representadas pela educação musical e mídia chinesas. Tendo sido resultado de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o assunto, o artigo descreve desde a forma como as minorias eram vistas de acordo com a doutrina confucionista, passando pelo maoísmo e chegando à China moderna, após os eventos da Praça da Paz Celestial e o crescimento econômico acelerado do país. Com os avanços feitos nas últimas décadas, houve um aumento significativo da representação étnica na educação musical e na mídia, com o resgate de inúmeras tradições que estavam a caminho do esquecimento; ao mesmo tempo, o artigo descreve os aspectos negativos e objetivos ocultos por trás destes avanços promovidos pelo governo, especialmente em relação às tensões separatistas dos povos tibetano e uigur. O artigo comenta como a música pode ser usada para “exoticizar” as minorias e promover sentimentos patrióticos e de unidade. Enquanto a educação musical patriótica tem sobressaído nas últimas décadas, discutimos também como a política de maior valorização das culturas étnicas minoritárias tem suscitado aumento de sentimentos de orgulho e de identificação étnica. Como conclusão, o artigo busca simplesmente enfatizar a importância de se descrever uma realidade complexa de forma complexa, com a coexistência de seus múltiplos aspectos positivos e negativos, salientando ao mesmo tempo a importância da conscientização de educadores musicais para seu importante papel na representação das minorias.
Laryngeal Paralysis Recovered Two Years After a Head Trauma by Growth Hormone Treatment and Neurorehabilitation
Authors: Guerra Joaquín , Lema Hortensia , Agra Carlos , Martínez Pedro , Devesa Jesús
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study is to describe the cognitive and speech results obtained after growth hormone (GH) treatment and neurorehabilitation in a man that suffered a traumatic brain injury (TBI). 17 months after the accident, the patient was treated with growth hormone (GH), together with neurostimulation and speech therapy. At admission, the left vocal cord revealed paralyzed, in the paramedian position, a situation compatible with a recurrent nerve injury. Clinical and rehabilitation assessments revealed a prompt improvement in speech and cognitive functions, and following completion of treatment, endoscopic examination showed recovery of vocal cord mobility. These results, together with previous results from our group, indicate that GH treatment is safe and effective for helping neurorehabilitation in chronic speech impairment due to central laryngeal paralysis, as well as impaired cognitive functions.
Генетическое разнообразие вируса SARS-CoV-2: Орловская область, декабрь, 2020 г
Authors: Водопьянов Алексей , Писанов Руслан , Подойницына Оксана , Кузнецова Дарья , Водопьянов Сергей , Чемисова Ольга , Румянцев Александр , Полякова Елена , Фролова Ирина , Махова Татьяна , Носков Алексей
Published: May 2021

Распространение новой коронавирусной инфекции в субъектах Российской Федерации обусловлено последовательным вовлечением в эпидемический процесс различных групп восприимчивого местного населения с отличающимся иммунным статусом и, как следствие, сопровождается генетической изменчивостью вируса SARS-Cov-2, что в свою очередь может привести к формированию новых штаммов возбудителя. Стабилизация уровня заболеваемости населения и наметившаяся тенденция к ее снижению на фоне масштабных противоэпидемических (профилактических) мероприятий, в т.ч. прививочной кампании свидетельствует о необходимости изучения генетической вариабельности S-белка вируса SARS-Cov-2 являющегося основным компонентом вакцин в отдельно взятом субъекте Российской Федерации. В связи с этим, цель работы состояла в сравнительном анализе геномного разнообразия и полиморфизмов S-белка возбудителя COVID-19 циркулирующего на территории Орловской области.

Исследовано 100 образцов биологического материала от больных COVID-19 зарегистрированных в Орловской области. Секвенирование проводили на приборе MiSeq (Illumina, США), сборка геномов осуществлялась путем выравнивания на референсную последовательность уханьского варианта вируса SARS-Cov-2.

Установлено, что на территории Орловской области циркулируют штаммы возбудителя COVID-19 принадлежащие к ветви «B.1.1». Доминирующим вариантом для Орловской области является вариант B.1.1.130. В 54,1 % случаев в изученных образцах выявлен полиморфизм E484K Spike-белка, с которым ряд исследователей связывают уклонение от иммунного ответа макрорганизма.