bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal memoryless regulator of large‐scale systems with time delays in the interconnections and the states via decentralized control
Authors: Matsuki Tsuyoshi , Kubo Tomohiro
Published: October 2015

A method to construct optimal memoryless regulators of large‐scale systems with time delays in the interconnections and the states is proposed. Each feedback gain of decentralized control laws is obtained directly from solutions of simultaneous linear matrix inequalities. First, a sufficient condition for the stability of the overall closed‐ loop system is presented. Then it is extended so that the overall system and each subsystem remain stable, even if all or some of the interconnections between subsystems are cut. Lastly, a simplification of the implementation is discussed in the perspective of feedback loop reduction. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(4): 42–50, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21191
Modeling of magnetization curves in nonoriented electrical steel sheets
Authors: Kaido Chikara
Published: October 2015

This paper discusses the modeling of magnetization curves in nonoriented electrical steel sheets. The initial curve and hysteresis loop below 0.15 T are approximately modeled by the Rayleigh model, and the Rayleigh loop constants are nearly proportional to the crystalline grain size. Hysteresis loops above 0.15 T in the magnetization rotation region are represented by the Preisach model, with consideration of the grain size distribution and the RD easy axis. Magnetization curves above 10 kA/m are calculated by the magnetization rotation model. However, magnetization curve modeling is necessary between the domain displacement model and the magnetization rotation regions. Magnetization curves in this region are modeled considering the field component ${B^N}$, where B is the flux density and N is the order of the flux density and is equal to about 15. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 180(3): 1–8, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21296
Protein adsorption onto nanoparticles induces conformational changes: Particle size dependency, kinetics, and mechanisms
Authors: Satzer Peter , Svec Frantisek , Sekot Gerhard , Jungbauer Alois
Published: October 2015

The use of nanomaterials in bioapplications demands a detailed understanding of protein–nanoparticle interactions. Proteins can undergo conformational changes while adsorbing onto nanoparticles, but studies on the impact of particle size on conformational changes are scarce. We have shown that conformational changes happening upon adsorption of myoglobin and BSA are dependent on the size of the nanoparticle they are adsorbing to. Out of eight initially investigated model proteins, two (BSA and myoglobin) showed conformational changes, and in both cases this conformational change was dependent on the size of the nanoparticle. Nanoparticle sizes ranged from 30 to 1000 nm and, in contrast to previous studies, we attempted to use a continuous progression of sizes in the range found in live viruses, which is an interesting size of nanoparticles for the potential use as drug delivery vehicles. Conformational changes were only visible for particles of 200 nm and bigger. Using an optimized circular dichroism protocol allowed us to follow this conformational change with regard to the nanoparticle size and, thanks to the excellent temporal resolution also in time. We uncovered significant differences between the unfolding kinetics of myoglobin and BSA. In this study, we also evaluated the plausibility of commonly used explanations for the phenomenon of nanoparticle size‐dependent conformational change. Currently proposed mechanisms are mostly based on studies done with relatively small particles, and fall short in explaining the behavior seen in our studies.
Is There Really a Labor Market Advantage to Being Bilingual in the U.S.?
Authors: Gándara Patricia
Published: October 2015

Although it is commonly thought that people who are bilingual have an advantage in the labor market, studies on this topic have not borne out this perception. The literature, in fact, has found an earnings penalty is associated with bilingualism—people who are bilingual often make less than people who are monolingual in similar jobs. This report reviews those studies and introduces a new set of studies that found different outcomes for bilingual people in terms of education and earnings. In this report I examine why the prior and present studies differ so greatly and what this means for education policy.
Characterization of chromosome 11 breakpoints and the areas of deletion and amplification in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Sarova Iveta , Brezinova Jana , Zemanova Zuzana , Bystricka Dagmar , Krejcik Zdenek , Soukup Petr , Vydra Jan , Cermak Jaroslav , Jonasova Anna , Michalova Kyra
Published: October 2015

Chromosome 11 abnormalities are found in many hematological malignancies. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a proto‐oncogene MLL (11q23.3) is frequently altered. However, rearrangements involving other regions of chromosome 11 have been reported. Therefore, we have characterized the chromosome 11 breakpoints and common deleted and amplified areas in the bone marrow or peripheral blood cells of newly diagnosed patients with AML. Using molecular–cytogenetic methods (multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (mFISH), multicolor banding (mBAND), microarrays, and FISH with bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) probes, chromosome 11 abnormalities were delineated in 54 out of 300 (18%) newly diagnosed AML patients. At least 36 different chromosome 11 breakpoints were identified; two were recurrent (11p15.4 in the NUP98 gene and 11q23.3 in the MLL gene), and three were possibly nonrandom: 11p13 (ch11:29.31‐31.80 Mb), 11p12 (ch11:36.75‐37.49 Mb) and 11q13.2 (68.31‐68.52 Mb). One new MLL gene rearrangement is also described. No commonly deleted region of chromosome 11 was identified. However, some regions were affected more often: 11pter‐11p15.5 (n = 4; ch11:0‐3.52 Mb), 11p14.1‐11p13 (n = 4; ch11:28.00‐31.00 Mb) and 11p13 (n = 4; ch11:31.00‐31.50 Mb). One commonly duplicated (3 copies) region was identified in chromosomal band 11q23.3‐11q24 (n = 9; ch11:118.35‐125.00 Mb). In all eight cases of 11q amplification (>3 copies), only the 5′ part of the MLL gene was affected. This study highlights several chromosome 11 loci that might be important for the leukemogeneic process in AML. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals ,Inc.
Deterioration of a fractured carbonate caprock exposed to CO2‐acidified brine flow
Authors: Ellis Brian , Peters Catherine , Fitts Jeffrey , Bromhal Grant , McIntyre Dustin , Warzinski Robert , Rosenbaum Eilis
Published: October 2015

A flow‐through experiment was performed to investigate evolution of a fractured carbonate caprock during flow of CO2‐acidified brine. A core was taken from the Amherstburg limestone, a caprock formation overlying the Bois Blanc and Bass Islands formations, which have been used to demonstrate CO2 storage in the Michigan basin. The inlet brine was representative of deep saline brines saturated with CO2, resulting in a starting pH of 4.4. Experimental conditions were 27 °C and 10 MPa. X‐ray computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe evolution of fracture geometry and to investigate mineralogical changes along the fracture surface. The initial brine flow corresponded to an average fluid velocity of 110 cm hr−1. After one week, substantial mineral dissolution caused the average cross‐sectional area of the fracture to increase from 0.09 cm2 to 0.24 cm2. This demonstrates that carbonate caprocks, if fractured, can erode quickly and may jeopardize sealing integrity when hydrodynamic conditions promote flow of CO2‐acidified brine. However, changes to fracture permeability due to mineral dissolution may be offset by unaltered constrictions along the flow path and by increases in surface roughness. In this experiment, preferential dissolution of calcite over dolomite led to uneven erosion of the fracture surface and an increase in roughness. In areas with clay minerals, calcite dissolution left behind a silicate mineral‐rich microporous coating along the fracture wall. Thus, the evolution of fracture permeability will depend in a complex way on the carbonate content, as well as the heterogeneity of the minerals and their spatial patterning. © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Severe epistaxis due to aberrant vasculature in a patient with STAT‐1 mutation
Authors: Chang Michael T. , Schwam Zachary G. , Hajek Michael A. , Paskhover Boris , Judson Benjamin L.
Published: October 2015

Background

Signal transducer and activator 1 (STAT‐1) mutations are rare and have been implicated in combined immunodeficiency, enhanced tumorigenesis, and vascular defects.

Methods

A 60‐year‐old woman with a novel STAT‐1 mutation and resulting immunodeficiency, squamous cell carcinoma, and vascular disease presented with profuse epistaxis secondary to rupture of an aberrant artery that she developed in part because of this mutation. After unsuccessful posterior packing, embolization was initiated but subsequently aborted because of a bovine origin carotid artery and a history of multiple carotid dissections.

Results

After repeat posterior packing, hemostasis was achieved. No additional episodes of epistaxis occurred in the subsequent 13 months.

Conclusion

Vascular anomalies can present challenges in epistaxis management. In patients with conditions known to cause vascular anomalies, it is critical to obtain vascular imaging before intervention. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E68–E70, 2016
The First Synthesis of (4S,5R,6R)‐5,6‐Dihydroxy‐4‐(prop‐1‐en‐2‐yl)cyclohex‐1‐ene‐1‐carboxylic Acid
Authors: Ardashov Oleg V. , Demidova Yuliya S. , Korchagina Dina V. , Volcho Konstantin P. , Simakova Irina L. , Salakhutdinov Nariman F.
Published: October 2015

A putative acid metabolite of a novel highly effective antiparkinsonian agent, (4S,5R,6R)‐5,6‐dihydroxy‐4‐(prop‐1‐en‐2‐yl)cyclohex‐1‐ene‐1‐carboxylic acid (5), was synthesized for the first time. Several synthetic approaches based on different transformations of O‐bearing monoterpenoids of the pinane and p‐menthane series were developed and tested in the course of the study. Acid 5 was synthesized starting from a commercially available monoterpenoid, (−)‐verbenone, in a total yield of 4.4% over eight steps.
Acculturation and Individualism as Predictors of Work‐Family Conflict in a Diverse Workforce
Authors: Olson Kristine J. , Huffman Ann H. , Leiva Pedro I. , Culbertson Satoris S.
Published: October 2015

Ethnic and cultural diversity is an increasing reality in the US workplace. The current study highlights the importance of acknowledging the culturally heterogeneous nature of ethnic groups, and the need to focus on social identity characteristics such as cultural values when assessing group differences. We demonstrate that cultural values (i.e., individualism) contribute to employees' experiences of work‐family conflict beyond the effects of ethnicity. Specifically, we introduce a model informed by social identity theory that explains why acculturation is related to work‐family conflict. The model was tested with a sample of 309 employed Caucasian and Hispanic Americans. An empirical test of our model provides evidence that individualism mediates the relationship between language‐ and social‐based acculturation and work‐family conflict, even when controlling for ethnicity. Additionally, alternative models further reveal that the effects of acculturation and individualism contribute to work interfering with family. As an implication of the current study, we suggest that researchers and organizational managers should consider the cultural values of their diverse workforce when implementing policies that affect conflict between work and family. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FLOOD INUNDATION ANALYSIS USING A DISTRIBUTED TANK MODEL FOR A FLAT, LOW‐LYING AGRICULTURAL AREA UNDERGOING URBANIZATION IN HANOI, VIETNAM
Authors: Manh Hung Nguyen , Van Chinh Le , Hiramatsu Kazuaki , Harada Masayoshi , Ngoc Tuan Dao
Published: October 2015

In the 2000s, urbanization has extended to approximately 30% of the total upstream area of the Song Nhue Hydraulic Structure Scheme (HSS) in Hanoi, Vietnam, and the Song Nhue HSS area is predicted to become completely urbanized by 2030. In this study, flood inundation analyses were carried out for the upstream area of the Song Nhue HSS. The analyses were conducted using a horizontally distributed continuous tank model. First, the distributed tank model was constructed on the basis of the hydraulic dimensions of rivers, irrigation and drainage canals, gates, and pumping stations, as well as information about land use and the drainage network. Then, six observed flood events with return periods of 2, 3, 5, 10, 30, and 100 years were selected from past records and simulated using the model. The comparison between the simulated and the observed upstream water levels in the outlets indicated that the developed model could accurately estimate variations in water levels. Second, a scenario analysis based on predictions of urban growth was conducted using the distributed tank model. The scenario analysis suggests necessary and effective measures that can be taken to prevent flood inundation in the targeted area. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Apprentice Scholarly Writing in a Community Of Practice: An Intraview of an NNES Graduate Student Writing a Research Article
Authors: Li YONGYAN
Published: October 2015

Little is known about what an apprentice scholar in a non‐Anglophone context undergoes when writing a research article for publication in English‐medium journals. This study highlights “a rich notion of agency” by examining a nonnative‐English‐speaking graduate student's engagement with hiscommunity of practice(Lave & Wenger, 1991; Wenger, 1998) as he wrote the first draft of an article in chemistry. The primary data were the student's process logs, his developing text, and his Bulletin Board System message exchanges and post‐hoc interviews. The study illustrates the apprentice scholar's engagement with the local research community, the laboratory data, his own experience/practice of writing research articles (RAs), and the global specialist research community. His engagement with the global specialist research community includes a critical orientation. The article also points out the value of providing EAP pedagogical support for the critical perspectives that students like Yuan adopt, and it calls for the training of EAP‐qualified professionals in non‐Anglophone contexts.
The Impact of School on EFL Learning Motivation: An Indonesian Case Study
Authors: LAMB MARTIN
Published: October 2015

There is much evidence that, in general, learners' motivation to study declines as they move through school and that the causes are both developmental and environmental. By contrast, the attitudinal basis of language learning motivation has been regarded as relatively stable, though recent empirical studies in various countries have also pointed toward a fall‐off in interest and enthusiasm for foreign languages among pupils. This article reports on research into the motivation of Indonesian adolescents toward learning English over the first 20 months of junior high school. Using a mixed‐method design, the study aimed to track changes in their reported motivation and learning activity and to identify internal and external factors which might be associated with the changes. It was found that the learners' initially very positive attitudes toward the language and expectations of success were maintained over the period, whereas their attitudes toward the experience of formal learning tended to deteriorate. Explanations for these outcomes are sought in the social context and, in particular, in how individuals view English as pertaining to their futures.
Air Traffic Communication in a Second Language: Implications of Cognitive Factors for Training and Assessment
Authors: FARRIS CANDACE , TROFIMOVICH PAVEL , SEGALOWITZ NORMAN , GATBONTON ELIZABETH
Published: October 2015

This study investigated the effects of second language (L2) proficiency and task‐induced cognitive workload on participants' speech production and retention of information in an environment designed to simulate the demands faced by pilots receiving instructions from air‐traffic controllers. Three groups of 20 participants (one native‐English‐speaking group, two native‐Mandarin‐speaking groups of relatively high and low levels of English proficiency) played the role of pilots. Participants listened to, repeated, and responded to simulated air‐traffic controller messages (in English) under conditions of low and high workload. In the high workload condition, participants performed a concurrent arithmetic task while repeating the messages. The dependent variables were message repetition accuracy and speech production (accentedness, comprehensibility, fluency, as perceived by 10 native‐English‐speaking raters). The native English speaker group repeated messages more accurately than both L2 groups, and the low‐proficiency group repeated messages less accurately in the high workload condition than in the low workload condition. The native speaker and the low‐proficiency groups were perceived as less fluent in the high than in the low workload condition, and only the low‐proficiency group's speech was perceived as more accented in the high than in the low workload condition. Implications for language training and assessment for English for specific purposes are discussed.
Collaborative Dialogue Between Thai EFL Learners During Self‐Access Computer Activities
Authors: MCDONOUGH KIM , SUNITHAM WICHIAN
Published: October 2015

Previous studies have shown that second language (L2) learners use language to reflect on language form when they carry out collaborative classroom‐based activities, and that they generally remember the language forms that they had discussed. The current study similarly investigated whether learners reflect on and remember language forms, but focused on learners' interaction during self‐access computer activities. The language‐related episodes (LREs) that occurred when Thai learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) (n = 48) carried out computer activities in a self‐access environment were examined, and tailor‐made tests that targeted the linguistic information discussed in those LREs were administered. The results indicated that the learners' LREs involved lexical items more often than grammatical forms, and that they successfully resolved the majority of their LREs while they were collaborating. However, their test performance indicated that they only remembered less than half of the lexical items and one‐third of the grammatical forms that they had discussed. Suggestions are offered for teachers and administers interested in integrating collaborative self‐access computer activities into English L2 courses.
Language Learning Strategy Use and English Proficiency of University Freshmen in Taiwan
Authors: LAI YING‐CHUN
Published: October 2015

This study investigated language learning strategies used by 418 EFL learners in Taiwan and looked for relationships between learning strategy use and the patterns of strategy use based on language proficiency. The participants reported using compensation strategies most frequently and affective strategies least frequently. The most frequently used individual strategies involved guessing intelligently and overcoming limitations in using English; the least used items involved speaking and writing to others in English. The research results also showed that proficiency level has a significant effect on strategy choice and use. The more proficient learners used more learning strategies. They used meta‐cognitive strategies and cognitive strategies most frequently and memory strategies least frequently. The less proficient learners, on the other hand, preferred social and memory strategies to cognitive and metacognitive strategies. The research also analyzed individual strategy items, finding that the strategies reported as used more frequently by the more proficient learners were arranging and planning their learning; using analytical and reasoning skills; and practicing their pronunciation and speaking.
Can Research and Care Be Ethically Integrated?
Authors: LARGENT EMILY A. , JOFFE STEVEN , MILLER FRANKLIN G.
Published: October 2015

Medical ethics assumes a clear boundary between clinical research and clinical medicine: one produces knowledge for the benefit of future patients, while the other provides optimal care to individuals right now. It also assumes that the two cannot be integrated without sacrificing the needs of the current patient to those of future patients. But integration could allow us to provide better care to everyone, now and in the future.
Addiction‐Specific CACREP Standards in Clinical Mental Health Counseling Programs: How Are They Met?
Authors: Iarussi Melanie M. , Perjessy Caroline C. , Reed Shelley W.
Published: October 2015

In 2009, the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) included training standards specific to addiction for clinical mental health counseling programs. This study surveyed CACREP‐accredited program coordinators to determine how addiction‐specific standards were addressed.
Promoting Academic Persistence Among Racial/Ethnic Minority and European American Freshman and Sophomore Undergraduates: Implications for College Counselors
Authors: Rigali‐Oiler Marybeth , Kurpius Sharon Robinson
Published: October 2015

Factors influencing persistence decisions among 346 racial/ethnic minority and 813 European American freshman and sophomore undergraduates were explored. Gender and racial/ethnic differences were found in centrality and public regard of racial/ethnic identity. Perceptions of the university environment and self‐beliefs predicted persistence decisions for everyone. Suggestions for college counselors working with students exhibiting risk factors for academic persistence are presented.
The Lived Experience of Cultural Immersion
Authors: HIPOLITO‐DELGADO CARLOS P. , COOK JENNIFER M. , AVRUS ELAINE M. , BONHAM ERICA J.
Published: October 2015

This article presents the findings of a grounded theory study of 3 graduate students' lived experience of cultural immersion. Results indicated that participants experienced 3 phases (goal setting, interaction, and evaluation) and 4 themes (bias, gender, barriers, and self‐awareness) during immersion. Recommendations for the implementation of immersion experiences are discussed.
8.4.1 Fundamentals of Agile Systems Engineering – Part 1
Authors: Dove Rick , LaBarge Ralph
Published: October 2015

Agile systems‐engineering and agile‐systems engineering are two different concepts that share the word agile. In the first case the system of interest is an engineering process, and in the second case the system of interest is what is produced by an engineering process. The word agile refers to the adaptability and the sustainment of adaptability in both types of systems. Sustained adaptability is enabled by an architectural pattern and a set of system design principles that are fundamental and common to both types of systems. Research that identified this architectural pattern and design principles is reported, updated, and applied here in two Parts. Part 1 focuses on agile‐systems engineering, reviewing the origins, values, and core concepts that define and enable domain independent agility in any type of system. Part 2 focuses on agile systems‐engineering, identifying core agility‐enabling concepts in the software‐development domain‐specific practice known as Scrum, reviewing an agile hardware/software satellite‐development systems‐engineering case for its source of agility, and then suggesting the development of an agile systems‐engineering life cycle model as a natural next step.
Behavior of bone cells in contact with magnesium implant material
Authors: Burmester Anna , Willumeit‐Römer Regine , Feyerabend Frank
Published: October 2015

Magnesium‐based implants exhibit several advantages, such as biodegradability and possible osteoinductive properties. Whether the degradation may induce cell type‐specific changes in metabolism still remains unclear. To examine the osteoinductivity mechanisms, the reaction of bone‐derived cells (MG63, U2OS, SaoS2, and primary human osteoblasts (OB)) to magnesium (Mg) was determined. Mg‐based extracts were used to mimic more realistic Mg degradation conditions. Moreover, the influence of cells having direct contact with the degrading Mg metal was investigated. In exposure to extracts and in direct contact, the cells decreased pH and osmolality due to metabolic activity. Proliferating cells showed no significant reaction to extracts, whereas differentiating cells were negatively influenced. In contrast to extract exposure, where cell size increased, in direct contact to magnesium, cell size was stable or even decreased. The amount of focal adhesions decreased over time on all materials. Genes involved in bone formation were significantly upregulated, especially for primary human osteoblasts. Some osteoinductive indicators were observed for OB: (i) an increased cell count after extract addition indicated a higher proliferation potential; (ii) increased cell sizes after extract supplementation in combination with augmented adhesion behavior of these cells suggest an early switch to differentiation; and (iii) bone‐inducing gene expression patterns were determined for all analyzed conditions. The results from the cell lines were inhomogeneous and showed no specific stimulus of Mg. The comparison of the different cell types showed that primary cells of the investigated tissue should be used as an in vitro model if Mg is analyzed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 165–179, 2017.
Development of omniphobic behavior in molecular self‐assembled monolayer‐coated nanowire forests
Authors: Bong Jihye , Lee Jonghun , Lee Jeongbeom , Ha Young‐Geun , Ju Sanghyun
Published: October 2015

The wetting characteristics of self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) on three different surface structures of thin film, microcone array, and nanowire forest topologies, which were chemically modified using phosphonic acid (HDF‐PA and OD‐PA) and trichlorosilane (HDF‐S), were investigated. The molecular SAM‐coated nanowire forest structures exhibited superhydrophobic properties with contact angles of 150.6°–155.4°, compared with the other structures combined with OD‐PA, HDF‐PA, and HDF‐S SAMs, which displayed contact angles of 99.5°–116.8°. Moreover, the HDF‐PA and HDF‐S SAM‐coated nanowire forest structures showed omniphobic properties for both flat and curved surfaces, irrespective of the substrate form. Four liquid droplets of different viscosities and composition (water, urea solution, oil, and photoresist) slid on the HDF‐PA and HDF‐S SAM‐coated nanowire forest surfaces without leaving any traces. The omniphobic properties of the molecular SAM‐coated nanowire forest structures developed in this study could be used for various applications in which their slippery effect is desirable, such as in medical tubes and the interior of pipes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 204–210, 2017.
The growing challenges of corruption in China
Authors: Michelman Jeffrey E. , MacArthur John B. , Shea Christina
Published: October 2015

The People's Republic of China has become a dominant part of the global marketplace, and many US and foreign companies are eager to enter the fast‐growing, profitable Chinese marketplace. China does offer many exciting business opportunities and financial rewards. But companies also face significant business risks from long‐standing business practices entrenched in the Chinese business culture. And those practices conflict with US laws and regulations. How can companies doing business with China achieve success and minimize business risks from corruption in China? © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Various Implications of Excessive and Insufficient Cash Balances for Corporations
Authors: Prescott Gregory L.
Published: October 2015

At the end of 2014, corporate balance sheets were overflowing with a record level of cash and other liquid investments. While congressional leaders have implored U.S. businesses to use those cash balances to fund capital investments and employ more Americans, in recent years academic researchers have explored the potential for those cash holdings to impact firms' refinancing risk, operating performance metrics, stock returns, and other elements related to firm value. This article reports the findings of four studies published in recent years in accounting and finance journals on the subject of cash holdings and various topics of interest to chief financial officers, controllers, and other financial professionals. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Benefits of Using a Single‐Account Cash Management Structure
Authors: Fanning Kurt
Published: October 2015

The implementation of single‐account cash management systems provides corporate treasurers with better visibility and greater control over cash. Firms should reexamine their internal processes and look for opportunities to implement a payments‐on‐behalf‐of (POBO) and collections‐on‐behalf‐of (COBO) as part of a single‐account cash management system. It provides significant cost savings and reduces risks associated with cash management. Many financial institutions such as banks have set up the services needed to do single‐account cash management. Therefore, treasurers should look to single‐account cash management systems as a means to achieve the next level of efficiency in cash management. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Importance of Cash Flow Planning for Closely Held Businesses
Authors: Strobel Caroline D.
Published: October 2015

Cash flow planning for owners of closely held businesses is an important component to the ultimate success and continuation of that business. This article presents a number of important planning issues that require careful consideration concerning the adequacy of cash flow generation. Looking ahead and planning for the smooth transition of a business to new management is necessary for the financial well‐being of a family. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anomalous left coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery discovered beyond infancy
Authors: Zheng Jian‐Yong , Li Han , Chen Yu , Qiu Yi‐Gang , Cao Yi , Tang Chu‐Zhong , Wang Jun‐Hui , Xu Zheng‐Ming , Wang Zhi‐Chao , Li Tian‐Chang
Published: October 2015

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a congenital heart defect rarely diagnosed beyond infancy. We present a 9‐year‐old girl who had once been diagnosed as congenital coronary artery fistula. Echogenic mitral chordae tendineae, multiple coronary collaterals within the ventricular septum and free ventricular wall, and a shunting flow from the left coronary artery into the pulmonary artery were prominent echocardiographic features of ALCAPA. Reimplantation of the left coronary artery directly onto the aorta achieved a favorable outcome with regression of left ventricular size and alleviation of mitral regurgitation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 44:261–264, 2016
Reinforced behavioral variability: Working towards an understanding of its behavioral mechanisms
Authors: Doughty Adam H. , Galizio Ann
Published: October 2015

There is disagreement about how to characterize the environment‐behavior relations involved in the reinforcement of behavioral variability. The present research examined some of these issues using food‐maintained, 4‐peck sequences in pigeons. Experiment 1 evaluated the claim that behavioral variability is not reinforced directly but, rather, is the byproduct of changing over within sequences. Considerably higher levels of behavioral variation occurred under a relative‐frequency threshold contingency than under a contingency that required a changeover but not variability per se. These results are consistent with the argument that behavioral variability is reinforced directly. Experiment 2 assessed the effects on variation levels of manipulating inter‐trial and inter‐response intervals. Variability increased with longer inter‐response intervals but not with longer inter‐trial intervals. These results are consistent with multiple explanations, including the notion that remembering past behavior interferes with the emission of reinforced variation. Consequently, Experiment 3 examined more directly the relation between remembering and reinforced variation. Variation levels were not affected by a concurrent contingency that encouraged pigeons to remember their past behavior. The implications of this research are presented in the context of working towards an understanding of the environment‐behavior relations involved in the reinforcement of behavioral variability.
Increasing throughput of surface plasmon resonance–based biosensors by multiple analyte injections
Authors: Mehand Massinissa Si , Srinivasan Bala
Published: October 2015

Surface plasmon resonance–based biosensors are now acknowledged as robust and reliable instruments to determine the kinetic parameters related to the interactions between biomolecules. These kinetic parameters are used in screening campaigns: there is a considerable interest in reducing the experimental time, thus improving the throughput of the surface plasmon resonance assays. Kinetic parameters are typically obtained by analyzing data from several injections of a given analyte at different concentrations over a surface where its binding partner has been immobilized. It has been already proven that an iterative optimization approach aiming at determining optimal analyte injections to be performed online can significantly reduce the experimentation time devoted to kinetic parameter determination, without any detrimental effect on their standard errors. In this study, we explore the potential of this iterative optimization approach to further reduce experiment duration by combining it with the simultaneous injection of two analytes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What Really Killed Whitney Houston: Her Unconscious Loyalty to Her Roots
Authors: Wickramasekera Ian E.
Published: October 2015

By Judith Sherven, PhD, and Jim Sniechowski, PhD

JayEss Publishing, 2012. Available from http://MagnifyYourExcellence.com.

Reviewed by Ian E. Wickramasekera II, PsyD
Estimation of the brown bear population on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska
Authors: Morton John M. , White Gary C. , Hayward Gregory D. , Paetkau David , Bray Martin P.
Published: October 2015

The brown bear population on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, has not been empirically estimated previously because conventional aerial methods over this heavily forested landscape were infeasible. We applied a rapid field protocol to a DNA‐based, mark‐recapture approach on a large and tightly bounded sample frame to estimate brown bear abundance. We used lure to attract bears to barbed wire stations deployed in 145 9‐km × 9‐km cells systematically distributed across 10,200 km2of available habitat on the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge and Chugach National Forest during 31 consecutive days in early summer 2010. Using 2 helicopters and 4 2‐person field crews, we deployed the stations during a 6‐day period and subsequently revisited these stations on 5 consecutive 5‐day trap sessions. We extracted DNA to identify individual bears and developed capture histories as input to mark‐recapture models. Combined with data from radio‐telemetered bears, ≥243 brown bears were alive on the Kenai Peninsula in 2010, but we used only 99 females and 104 males in modeling. We used Akaike's Information Criterion selection and model averaging to estimate 428 (95% lognormal CI = 353–539) brown bears (including all age classes) on the study area. Despite low recaptures rates, we achieved reasonable precision by ensuring geographic and demographic population closure through a spatially comprehensive sample frame and very short sampling window. We reduced bias by including information from rub trees and telemetered females (i.e., occasion 0). Extrapolating the density estimate of 42 bears/1,000 km2of available habitat on the study area to the Kenai Peninsula suggests a peninsula‐wide population of 582 brown bears (95% lognormal CI = 469−719). Despite a density estimate that is low compared to other coastal brown bear populations in Alaska and genetic evidence that suggests this peninsular population is insular, harvest management has been liberalized since 2012. We recommend this population estimate serve as the benchmark for future management. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
A Stimulated Mixed Micelle System for In Vitro Study on Chemo‐Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Chen Ching‐Yi , Syu Chao‐Kai , Lin Hsin Chang
Published: October 2015

A mixed micelle system with pH‐responsive and photoactive zinc tetra(progaryloxy‐phenyl) porphyrin (ZnTPP) core is constructed for encapsulation of doxorubicin (DOX) to facilitate combined chemo‐photodynamic therapy in one delivery system. The mixed micelles show low critical micelle concentration, good storage stability, a pH dependent behavior, and better singlet oxygen generation efficiency compared to the star‐shaped PEG‐ZnTPP micelles, where the aggregation of ZnTPP within the core, resulting in less photoactive effect. The cell viability treated with DOX‐loaded mixed micelles shows higher cytotoxicity than single drug loaded micelles under light irradiation. The improved therapeutic efficiency indicates the combined effect of DOX and ZnTPP and this mixed micelle system has potential as dual‐modality for cancer treatment.
Local well‐posedness for volume‐preserving mean curvature and Willmore flows with line tension
Authors: Abels Helmut , Garcke Harald , Müller Lars
Published: October 2015

We show the short‐time existence and uniqueness of solutions for the motion of an evolving hypersurface in contact with a solid container driven by the volume‐preserving mean curvature flow (MCF) taking line tension effects on the boundary into account. Difficulties arise due to dynamic boundary conditions and due to the contact angle and the non‐local nature of the resulting second order, nonlinear PDE. In addition, we prove the same result for the Willmore flow with line tension, which results in a nonlinear PDE of fourth order. For both flows we will use a curvilinear cordinate system due to Vogel to write the flows as graphs over a fixed reference hypersurface.
Remote sensing land surface temperature for meteorology and climatology: a review
Authors: Tomlinson Charlie J. , Chapman Lee , Thornes John E. , Baker Christopher
Published: October 2015

The last decade has seen a considerable increase in the amount and availability of remotely sensed data. This paper reviews the satellites, sensors and studies relevant to land surface temperature measurements in the context of meteorology and climatology. The focus is on using the thermal infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum for useful measurements of land surface temperature, which can be beneficial for a number of uses, for example urban heat island measurements. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Average sampling and reconstruction for reproducing kernel stochastic signals
Authors: Jiang Yingchun , Wang Suping , Yang Meixiang
Published: October 2015

This paper mainly considers the problem of reconstructing a reproducing kernel stochastic signal from its average samples. First, a uniform convergence result for reconstructing the deterministic reproducing kernel signals by an iterative algorithm is established. Then, we prove that the quadratic sum of the corresponding reconstructed functions is uniformly bounded. Moreover, the reconstructed functions provide a frame expansion in the special case p = 2. Finally, the mean square convergence for recovering a weighted reproducing kernel stochastic signal from its average samples is given under some decay condition for the autocorrelation function, which can be removed for the case p = 2. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Planar Yagi‐UDA Antenna with Reconfigurable Radiation Patterns
Authors: Sharma Satish K. , Fideles Felipe , Kalikond Anusha
Published: October 2015

A pattern reconfigurable planar Yagi‐Uda antenna is presented which operates around 1.5 GHz. The pattern reconfigurability consists in changing the end‐fire main beam to opposite directions. It is achieved by switching the reflector and director elements suitably using PIN diodes such that reflector, dipole, and director arrangements are realized in two opposite directions. Antenna was fabricated and measured to verify impedance matching and radiation patterns. Measured impedance matching fractional bandwidth is 9.33% around 1.50 GHz and compares well with the simulated data. Measured radiation patterns confirm end‐fire pattern reconfigurability as expected from the simulations. This antenna can find applications in back‐to‐back repeater antenna systems. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2946–2952, 2013
A BiCMOS Lumped Element Model for a Millimeter‐Wave Dipole Antenna
Authors: Lambrechts Johannes Wynand , Sinha Saurabh
Published: October 2015

An analytical technique to model an electromagnetic center‐fed, half‐wavelength dipole antenna operating in the 57–64 GHz unlicensed frequency band with a lumped element model has been proposed, designed, prototyped using a 130 nm BiCMOS technology process and measured. The model based on the Foster canonical form for electrical antennas is improved to include substrate and high‐frequency parasitic effects. Good correlation of ultrawideband inductive and capacitive operation is achieved with the improved circuit. Dipole performance is characterized by a S11 of −12.81 dB and a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.66:1 at 60 GHz. The equivalent millimeter‐wave circuit performance is S11 = −12.7 dB with VSWR of 1.61:1 at 60 GHz. Measured performance of S11 = −20.6 dB with VSWR of 1.20:1 at 60 GHz was recorded. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2955–2965, 2013
Compressed Sensing‐Based Imaging of Millimeter‐Wave ISAR Data
Authors: Demirci Sevket , Ozdemir Caner
Published: October 2015

High‐resolution radar imaging requires wide bandwidths and highly dense samplings of both time/frequency and spatial domains. However, the rapidly developing field of compressive sensing (CS) breaks this rule and paves a way for simultaneously achieving high‐resolution imaging with a significantly reduced number of samples. Although CS is seemed to be an intuitively attractive approach, the ongoing studies have shown the application of CS to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to be a challenging task in practice. In this work, as a contribution to these efforts, we address the potential use of CS in millimeter‐wave inverse SAR (ISAR) imaging. Various simulation and experimental imaging results are presented to demonstrate the validity and the robustness of the proposed CS‐based reconstruction from very limited samples. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2967–2972, 2013
Novel Compact CPW‐Fed Printed Slot Antenna for 5.8‐Ghz RFID Application
Authors: Raghavan S. , Selvan P. Thiruvalar
Published: October 2015

A multisleeve slot monopole antenna with coplanar waveguide fed is proposed for radio frequency identification (RFID) tag applications. The designed antenna with the size of 12 × 13 mm2 including the FR‐4 substrate can operate at 5.8 GHz with the gain of 3.45 dBi in the measured bandwidth of 11.38%. Broadside and bidirectional E‐plane and almost omnidirectional H‐plane radiation patterns are observed. These properties with compact structure make the antenna suitable for 5.8‐GHz RFID applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2918–2920, 2013
A Broadband Tunable Band‐Pass Filter for RF Characterization Within TETRA and LTE Bands
Authors: Guo Kangni , Rigelsford Jonathan M.
Published: October 2015

This article presents a broadband tunable band‐pass filter which operates between 380 and 960 MHz covering the trans‐European trunked radio, AMPS, GSM900, and long‐term evolution “whitespace” bands. The design has an increased operational tuning range when compared to existing designs and is suitable for low‐cost wireless spectrum bandwidth expansion analysis and spectral efficiency analysis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2847–2849, 2013
Wideband Substrate‐Integrated Waveguide Six‐Port Power Divider/Combiner
Authors: Salehi Mehdi , Bornemann Jens , Mehrshahi Esfandiar
Published: October 2015

A wideband six‐port power divider/combiner with suitable coupling flatness is presented in substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. The structure is composed of six ports that are connected to a common central region. By introducing resonating cavities in each port, the bandwidth and reflection of the SIW six‐port device can be enlarged. Unsymmetrical apertures in lateral port arms are used to increase the isolation between the adjacent input and output ports. A six‐port SIW prototype, operating at 12.5 GHz with 10 percent bandwidth, is designed and fabricated on RT/Duroid 5870 substrate to validate the design process and performance of the proposed power divider/combiner. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2984–2986, 2013
On the Connection between Debris Flow Activity and Permafrost Degradation: A Case Study from the Schnalstal, South Tyrolean Alps, Italy
Authors: Sattler K. , Keiler M. , Zischg A. , Schrott L.
Published: October 2015

The possible influence of permafrost degradation on the formation of debris flows in an area of the South Tyrolean Alps, Italy, was examined by comparing debris flow activity since 1983 with the modelled contemporary permafrost distribution. The study focused on the spatial congruence of new initiation zones and potentially marginal permafrost, which should be especially sensitive to climatic change and is presumed to be currently degrading. The results show that distinct changes in the spatial position of debris flow initiation areas mainly occurred at elevations above this marginal zone. Consequently, the changes detected in debris flow activity do not appear to have been influenced by atmospheric warming‐induced degradation of permafrost. However, a link may exist to the thickening of the active layer caused by the melting of a glacier. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Combustion of Energetic Porous Silicon Composites Containing Different Oxidizers
Authors: Abraham Ani , Piekiel Nicholas W. , Morris Christopher J. , Dreizin Edward L.
Published: October 2015

We present a quantitative investigation of combustion of on‐chip porous silicon (PS) energetic materials using oxidizers with improved moisture stability and/or minimized environmental impact compared to sodium perchlorate (NaClO4). Material properties of the PS films were characterized using gas adsorption porosimetry and profilometry to determine specific surface area, porosity, and etch depth. PS energetic composites were formed using melt‐penetrated or solution‐deposited oxidizers into the pores. Combustion was characterized by high speed imaging and bomb calorimetry. The flame speeds quantified for PS/sulfur and PS/nitrate systems varied in the ranges of 2.9–3.7 m s−1and 3.1–21 m s−1, respectively. The experimental combustion enthalpies are reported for different oxidizer systems in both inert and oxidizing environments. For the PS/sulfur and the PS/nitrate systems, the experimental heats of combustion were comparable to those calculated for the thermodynamic equilibrium and taking into account an increased reactivity of PS due to the hydrogen terminated silicon surface.