bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Biodiesel, Ethanol, and Water on the Performance and Emissions of a Dual-Fuel Diesel Engine with Natural Gas: Sustainable Energy Production through a Life Cycle Assessment Approach
Authors: Hashemi-Nejhad Amir , Najafi Bahman , Ardabili Sina , Jafari Gholamhossein , Mosavi Amirhosein
Published: June 2023

Diesel fuel (DF) is a significant power supply in agricultural, industrial, and transportation applications. Establishing sustainable and renewable fuel substitutes for diesel has become increasingly common due to the rising expense of petroleum resources and the pollution rate crises. A biodiesel-DF mixture in a dual-fuel (DuF) diesel engine (DE) can bring favorable environmental results. In the present study, three rates of ethanol (0, 2, and 4%), two rates of biodiesel (0 and 5%), and four rates of water (0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9%) were blended with DF. All these samples were considered pilot fuel (PF) in the DuF combustion process with an 80% natural gas (NG) replacement percentage. The combustion process was investigated from engine emissions and performance, power cost, and life cycle assessment (LCA) to obtain a sustainable fuel formulation. As a result, water, ethanol, and the combination of water-ethanol and NG can enhance the DE’s performance by rising the inside pressure of the cylinder. The presence of oxygen content in ethanol can improve the combustion process by pushing the combustion towards complete combustion. The optimum engine performance point at full load was obtained with a fuel sample containing 1.57% biodiesel, 4.38% ethanol, 1.1% water, and 80% NG. In optimum condition, the brake power (BP) was 24.16 kW, and the brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was 60.64 g/kWh. This fuel sample produces 0.46, 364.08, 1.66, and 1088.29 g/kWh of BSCO, BSCO2, BSNOx, and BSO2, respectively. At this point, the energy production cost was $0.783/kWh. The environmental impacts of the combustion process at optimal fuel formulation were 0.34249,

1.00
E
+
02

,

1.53
E
+
00

, and

1.94
E
−
06

, respectively, for ecosystem quality (EQ) (PDF

∗

m2

∗

yr), resources (R) (MJ primary), climate change (CCh) (kg CO2 eq), and human health (HH) (DALY). Accordingly, the best fuel combination was selected to be NG+B1.5E4.3W1.1.
Cure Kinetics of a Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Prepreg by Dynamic Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Authors: Chen Kaihua , Zhu Xiaobao , Zhao Guozhen , Chen Jing , Guo Shenghui
Published: June 2023

Investigating the curing kinetics of a fiber prepreg system is beneficial to the controlling of prepreg laminate curing process. In the present work, a dicyandiamide (DICY)-cured carbon fiber/epoxy prepreg system was investigated by non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at 2, 5, 10, and 20°C/min to attain the glass transition temperature for uncured prepreg and fully cured sample, which were estimated to be 7.6°C and 106.2°C, respectively. The activation energy (Ea) of the prepreg system was evaluated by Kissinger and Ozawa methods, and Friedman method was also employed to reveal the evolution of Ea as a function of curing degree. The kinetic parameters were determined by fitting the average Ea value obtained by Friedman method into Málek methodology, and the two parameters Šesták–Berggren model was found to best describe the curing kinetic of the prepreg system. The preexponential factor was calculated to be

6.0
×

10

8

 min−1, with the overall reaction order at nearly 2.5. The prediction curves, based on Friedman method and autocatalytic model, were in good agreement with the experimental data.
Quality of Mitral Valve Surgery Does Not Differ by Hospital Volume in New Jersey
Authors: Laraia Kayla N. , Sabatino Marlena E. , Volk Lindsay , Dewan Krish C. , Yang NaYoung K. , Yoo Jin , Dindigal Ankitha H. , Russo Mark J. , Lee Leonard Y.
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim of the Study. To investigate if mitral valve (MV) surgery quality differs by hospital volume in New Jersey (NJ). Methods. Using the NJ State Inpatient Database, patients ≥18 years undergoing MV repair or replacement from 2016–2019 were identified. Centers were considered high-volume if they performed more than 50 mitral operations annually. Baseline characteristics and outcomes (in-hospital mortality, seven-day readmission, hospital length of stay (LOS), and postoperative complications) were evaluated for the population and by center volume. Subanalysis by center volume within each procedure was conducted. Results. Among 2,560 mitral operations, MV replacement (92.3% (n = 2,362)) was performed more often than repair. High- (4) and low-volume (15) centers performed 1,180 (46.1%) and 1,380 (53.9%) mitral surgeries, respectively. Charlson Comorbidity Indices did not differ by center volume, including in subgroup analyses. Low-volume centers had higher rates of Hispanic patients, low-income patients, and readmission rates. High-volume centers had more transfers, urgent/emergent admissions, higher rates of in-hospital mortality, and longer LOS. Postoperative complications did not differ by volume. The MV replacement cohort reflected many of the differences seen in the total population, in addition to seeing higher rates of heart failure at high-volume centers and stroke at low-volume centers. Within MV repairs, significantly more Hispanic patients presented to low-volume centers and high-volume centers had longer LOS. Multivariable analysis indicated that hospital volume was not correlated to in-hospital mortality for the total population and within each procedure. Conclusions. MV replacement is performed more frequently than repair. Hospital volume is not correlated with MV surgical quality, and more representative quality measures are needed.
An Approach for Elliptical Trajectory Planning with Vertical Straight Line Segments of Pick‐and‐Place Robot Operation with Height Clearance
Authors: Choe Myong Song , Jang Kwan Sik , Kim Yong Ho , Kim Kyong Hyok , Yang Won-Chol
Published: June 2023

This study deals with elliptical trajectory planning with vertical straight‐line segments for pick‐and‐place robot operation with height clearance. It is significant for trajectory planning for the pick‐and‐place operation with the different height clearance between the picking point and placing point, or with the height clearance for picking and placing the product in the box. In this study, we propose an optimal asymmetric bisected elliptical path with two vertical straight line segments and a method to generate a motion profile suited to geometry of the optimal asymmetric bisected elliptical path based on the radius of curvature. The simulation result demonstrates that the proposed trajectory planning approach enables to reduce workspace and cycle period of the pick‐and‐place operation by minimizing the length and height of the path and guarantees continuity and smoothness of velocity, acceleration and jerk, and results in smoothness of working action of robot actuators.
Work Engagement and Safety Behavior of Nurses in Specialized Cancer Hospitals: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy
Authors: Ma Fengyan , Zhu Yajing , Liu Lu , Chen Helin , Liu Yan
Published: June 2023

Aim. This paper aimed to examine the current state of nurse safety behavior, and the effect of work engagement on it, and to explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy between work engagement and nurse safety behavior in specialized cancer hospitals. Background. Nurse safety behavior affects the quality of care and outcomes for patients with cancer. The research proves that self-efficacy is associated with work engagement, but the relationship between self-efficacy, work engagement, and nurse safety behavior needs to be clarified. Methods. This study used a convenience sampling method to survey 957 nurses from January to February 2023. The survey included tertiary specialized cancer hospitals in five provinces in China. Sociodemography information, the Work Engagement Scale, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Nurse Safety Behavior Scale were used for the survey. A Questionnaire Star program collected all the data automatically. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 24 was employed for Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis to examine the association between work engagement, self-efficacy, and nurse safety behavior. Structural equation models were built using Analysis of Moment Structures version 24.0 software. Results. The results showed that the nurse safety behavior was at a high level in specialized cancer hospitals. There was a significant positive relationship between the variables work engagement, self-efficacy, and nurse safety behavior with coefficients ranging from 0.244 to 0.564. The results of structural equation modeling revealed that self-efficacy partially mediated the effect between work engagement and nurse safety behavior, accounting for 25.3% of the total effect. Conclusion. Self-efficacy mediates the relationship between work engagement and nurse safety behavior, and by increasing self-efficacy, nurse safety behavior can be improved, thus ensuring patient safety. Implications for Nursing Management. Managers should promote high work engagement and nurse safety behaviors by fostering nurses’ self-efficacy.
An Incentive Mechanism for Data Delivery in Mobile Crowdsensing Based on D2D Communications
Authors: Esmaeilyfard Rasool , Gharechahi Setareh
Published: June 2023

Mobile crowdsensing systems employ crowd smartphones to collect data using these device‐embedded sensors. The increase in the number of users and the data volume has limited the possibility of using cellular networks. In this regard, collector users need to be able to send their data to the publishers with less delay using device‐to‐device (D2D) communication. This paper proposes an incentive mechanism for improving the transmission rate to multiple publishers in mobile crowdsensing networks based on device‐to‐device communication. Users exchange their data for delivering it to interested publishers in this mechanism. Users receive credits for their contributions to data delivery from collector users. Also, the cheque concept has been introduced to facilitate collector users’ payment of this credit. Communication between users is expressed as a cooperative two‐player game. A heuristic approach finds the solution to this game. A cheque and credit exchange process is also planned as an online auction to increase credit circulation in the network. Finally, the performance of the proposed mechanism is evaluated using the simulator. The results show that this mechanism performs better than other methods in average delay and delivery rate and has a stable traffic overhead.
Supplementary Table from Ubiquitin Ligases Siah1a/2 Control Alveolar Macrophage Functions to Limit Carcinogen-Induced Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Scortegagna Marzia , Du Yuanning , Bradley Linda M. , Wang Kun , Molinolo Alfredo , Ruppin Eytan , Murad Rabi , Ronai Ze'ev A.
Published: June 2023

Sup Table 2
Supplementary Table from Ubiquitin Ligases Siah1a/2 Control Alveolar Macrophage Functions to Limit Carcinogen-Induced Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Scortegagna Marzia , Du Yuanning , Bradley Linda M. , Wang Kun , Molinolo Alfredo , Ruppin Eytan , Murad Rabi , Ronai Ze'ev A.
Published: June 2023

Sup Table 4
Figure 4 from Shortwave Infrared Imaging Enables High-Contrast Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Privitera Laura , Waterhouse Dale J. , Preziosi Alessandra , Paraboschi Irene , Ogunlade Olumide , Da Pieve Chiara , Barisa Marta , Ogunbiyi Olumide , Weitsman Gregory , Hutchinson J. Ciaran , Cross Kate , Biassoni Lorenzo , Stoyanov Danail , Sebire Neil , Beard Paul , De Coppi Paolo , Kramer-Marek Gabriela , Anderson John , Giuliani Stefano
Published: June 2023

In vivo validation of tumor uptake of anti–GD2-IR800 and anti–GD2-IR12 using a commercially available clinical NIR-I imaging device. A, Comparison of fluorescent images of the unexposed tumors at different time points postinjection of either anti–GD2-IR800 or anti–GD2-IR12. The laser boost setting of the EleVision IR Platform was set to arbitrary units for 24, 48, 72, 96 hours and exposed anti–GD2-IR12 images, respectively. B, Bar chart showing MFI of the unexposed tumors post anti–GD2-IR800 and anti–GD2-IR12 injections. Quantification was performed using the EleVision software. C, Bar chart of the TBR. Error bars are calculated from the SD across 5 points manually selected in each ROI. Anti–GD2-IR800, n = 2 at all time points; anti–GD2-IR12, n = 2 at 24 hours, n = 1 at 48, 72, and 96 hours. D, Images showing stages of tumor excision after injection of anti–GD2-IR800 under white light observation and NIR-I fluorescence. A residual tumor (3 × 5 mm) was identified on fluorescence imaging and subsequently excised. E, Histopathologic evaluation of both the main tumor and residual tissue, confirming the presence of viable neuroblastoma.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Ubiquitin Ligases Siah1a/2 Control Alveolar Macrophage Functions to Limit Carcinogen-Induced Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Scortegagna Marzia , Du Yuanning , Bradley Linda M. , Wang Kun , Molinolo Alfredo , Ruppin Eytan , Murad Rabi , Ronai Ze'ev A.
Published: June 2023

Legends to all Supp Figures
Figure 3 from Shortwave Infrared Imaging Enables High-Contrast Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Privitera Laura , Waterhouse Dale J. , Preziosi Alessandra , Paraboschi Irene , Ogunlade Olumide , Da Pieve Chiara , Barisa Marta , Ogunbiyi Olumide , Weitsman Gregory , Hutchinson J. Ciaran , Cross Kate , Biassoni Lorenzo , Stoyanov Danail , Sebire Neil , Beard Paul , De Coppi Paolo , Kramer-Marek Gabriela , Anderson John , Giuliani Stefano
Published: June 2023

In vitro validation of anti–GD2-IR800 and anti–GD2-IR12. A, Binding specificity of anti–GD2-IR800 and anti–GD2-IR12 conjugates assessed by flow cytometry in three GD2-positive cell lines (KELLY, LAN-1, and SUPT1-GD2) and in the negative control (SUPT1-WT). B, Both conjugates show higher SBR (median stained fluorescence intensity/median unstained fluorescence intensity) for GD2-positive cell lines than for GD2-negative cell lines. Box represents interquartile range. Bars represent 5% to 95% range. Number of cells = 44,810–70,831. C, Fluorescence and brightfield images of the adherent cells 2 hours after staining with 100 nmol/L of either anti–GD2-IR800 or anti–GD2-IR12 (red). The nuclear counterstain was DAPI (blue). D, Representative section from the Z-stack acquisition of LAN-1 spheroids 24 hours after staining with 100 nmol/L of either anti–GD2-IR800 or anti–GD2-IR12 (red). The nuclear counterstain was DAPI (blue).
Figure 1 from Shortwave Infrared Imaging Enables High-Contrast Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Privitera Laura , Waterhouse Dale J. , Preziosi Alessandra , Paraboschi Irene , Ogunlade Olumide , Da Pieve Chiara , Barisa Marta , Ogunbiyi Olumide , Weitsman Gregory , Hutchinson J. Ciaran , Cross Kate , Biassoni Lorenzo , Stoyanov Danail , Sebire Neil , Beard Paul , De Coppi Paolo , Kramer-Marek Gabriela , Anderson John , Giuliani Stefano
Published: June 2023

Multispectral NIR-I/SWIR fluorescence imaging device. Photograph of the custom multispectral NIR-I/SWIR fluorescence imaging system alongside its schematic representation. The spectral characteristics of the device are shown including the quantum efficiency (QE) of the sensor (purple line), a typical emission curve for cyanine dyes (black line), and the transmission for the long pass filters (orange lines).
Supplementary Data from Angiopoietin-2–Dependent Spatial Vascular Destabilization Promotes T-cell Exclusion and Limits Immunotherapy in Melanoma
Authors: Park Ha-Ram , Shiva Anahita , Cummings Portia , Kim Seoyeon , Kim Sungsoo , Lee Eunhyeong , Leong Alessandra , Chowdhury Subrata , Shawber Carrie , Carvajal Richard , Thurston Gavin , An Joon-Yong , Lund Amanda W. , Yang Hee Won , Kim Minah
Published: June 2023

Supplemental Figures and Tables
Table S7 from An In Vivo CRISPR Screen Identifies That SNRPC Promotes Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: Lu Xun-Xi , Yang Wen-Xiao , Pei Yu-Chen , Luo Hong , Li Xiao-Guang , Wang Yun-Jin , Zhang Guo-Liang , Ling Hong , Shao Zhi-Ming , Hu Xin
Published: June 2023

Table S7. Differentially expressed genes between SNRPC-KD and control CA1a cells.
Table S1 from An In Vivo CRISPR Screen Identifies That SNRPC Promotes Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: Lu Xun-Xi , Yang Wen-Xiao , Pei Yu-Chen , Luo Hong , Li Xiao-Guang , Wang Yun-Jin , Zhang Guo-Liang , Ling Hong , Shao Zhi-Ming , Hu Xin
Published: June 2023

Table S1. Gene list of the CRISPR/Cas9 library.
Supplementary Data from Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Matrix Components from Patient Metastases Identifies Consistently Elevated Proteins for Developing Nanobodies That Target Primary Tumors and Metastases
Authors: Jailkhani Noor , Clauser Karl R. , Mak Howard H. , Rickelt Steffen , Tian Chenxi , Whittaker Charles A. , Tanabe Kenneth K. , Purdy Stephen R. , Carr Steven A. , Hynes Richard O.
Published: June 2023

Supplementary methods and materials.
Figure 3 from Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Matrix Components from Patient Metastases Identifies Consistently Elevated Proteins for Developing Nanobodies That Target Primary Tumors and Metastases
Authors: Jailkhani Noor , Clauser Karl R. , Mak Howard H. , Rickelt Steffen , Tian Chenxi , Whittaker Charles A. , Tanabe Kenneth K. , Purdy Stephen R. , Carr Steven A. , Hynes Richard O.
Published: June 2023

A-C, Sixty-seven proteins present in the metastasis-associated ECM signature shared among the 6 patient samples, ranked on the basis of their intensities (mean of the two duplicate ECM-enriched samples). Plots for colorectal cancer liver metastasis patient 1 (A), TNBC liver metastasis patient 1 (B), and TNBC lung metastasis patient 1 (C). Some ECM proteins are marked including FN (blue) and those tested for IHC in D. TNC, red; TGFBI, orange; POSTN, green. See also Supplementary Table S2 with rankings. D, IHC on a colorectal cancer liver metastasis sample shows that expression of TNC, TGFBI, and POSTN is restricted to the metastatic lesion (T) and absent from adjacent normal liver tissue (N). Arrows, regions of positive fiber-like staining. See also Supplementary Fig. S3. E, Testing expression of TNC in a multi-organ patient metastatic tissue array by IHC, with TNC-specific monoclonal antibody. Array contains two biopsy samples from each patient (N = 104). F, Scoring of TMA for stromal positivity of TNC, indicating patients that were negative (gray), patients with a single positive biopsy (light blue), and patients with both biopsies positive (dark blue). Inset shows percentage of positive biopsies that were metastases from lymph nodes at the target organs. G, Representative examples of metastases from E that were positive for TNC expression from four different primary tumor types (origin) to different metastatic sites. Arrows, positive fiber-like staining. LN, lymph node. CRC, colorectal cancer.
Figure 4 from Prospective Analysis Reveals Associations between Carbohydrate Intakes, Genetic Predictors of Short-Chain Fatty Acid Synthesis, and Colorectal Cancer Risk
Authors: Watling Cody Z. , Kelly Rebecca K. , Murphy Neil , Gunter Marc , Piernas Carmen , Bradbury Kathryn E. , Schmidt Julie A. , Key Timothy J. , Perez-Cornago Aurora
Published: June 2023

Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) for intake of fiber from breads and cereals from the touchscreen questionnaire and colorectal cancer risk by genetically predicted host short-chain fatty acid production for butyrate (A) and propionate (n = 343,621; B). Models stratified for sex and age at recruitment, and further adjusted for region, first 10 principal components, height, physical activity, Townsend deprivation index, education, employment, smoking, alcohol consumption measured at recruitment, diabetes status, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, body mass index, processed and red meat intake, and female-specific covariates: menopausal hormone therapy use and menopausal status. Analyses are restricted to white British participants. χ2 and P value represents improvement of fit obtained from likelihood ratio tests for including an interaction term between butyrate or propionate polygenic score and fiber from breads and cereals (modeled as a 5 gram/day increment) into the model. g/day, grams per day; N, number of participants; Q, quintile; ref, reference group.
Data from Angiopoietin-2–Dependent Spatial Vascular Destabilization Promotes T-cell Exclusion and Limits Immunotherapy in Melanoma
Authors: Park Ha-Ram , Shiva Anahita , Cummings Portia , Kim Seoyeon , Kim Sungsoo , Lee Eunhyeong , Leong Alessandra , Chowdhury Subrata , Shawber Carrie , Carvajal Richard , Thurston Gavin , An Joon-Yong , Lund Amanda W. , Yang Hee Won , Kim Minah
Published: June 2023

Abstract
T-cell position in the tumor microenvironment determines the probability of target encounter and tumor killing. CD8+ T-cell exclusion from the tumor parenchyma is associated with poor response to immunotherapy, and yet the biology that underpins this distinct pattern remains unclear. Here we show that the vascular destabilizing factor angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) causes compromised vascular integrity in the tumor periphery, leading to impaired T-cell infiltration to the tumor core. The spatial regulation of ANGPT2 in whole tumor cross-sections was analyzed in conjunction with T-cell distribution, vascular integrity, and response to immunotherapy in syngeneic murine melanoma models. T-cell exclusion was associated with ANGPT2 upregulation and elevated vascular leakage at the periphery of human and murine melanomas. Both pharmacologic and genetic blockade of ANGPT2 promoted CD8+ T-cell infiltration into the tumor core, exerting antitumor effects. Importantly, the reversal of T-cell exclusion following ANGPT2 blockade not only enhanced response to anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy in immunogenic, therapy-responsive mouse melanomas, but it also rendered nonresponsive tumors susceptible to immunotherapy. Therapeutic response after ANGPT2 blockade, driven by improved CD8+ T-cell infiltration to the tumor core, coincided with spatial TIE2 signaling activation and increased vascular integrity at the tumor periphery where endothelial expression of adhesion molecules was reduced. These data highlight ANGPT2/TIE2 signaling as a key mediator of T-cell exclusion and a promising target to potentiate immune checkpoint blockade efficacy in melanoma.
Significance:
ANGPT2 limits the efficacy of immunotherapy by inducing vascular destabilization at the tumor periphery to promote T-cell exclusion.
Data from CellMinerCDB: NCATS Is a Web-Based Portal Integrating Public Cancer Cell Line Databases for Pharmacogenomic Explorations
Authors: Reinhold William C. , Wilson Kelli , Elloumi Fathi , Bradwell Katie R. , Ceribelli Michele , Varma Sudhir , Wang Yanghsin , Duveau Damien , Menon Nikhil , Trepel Jane , Zhang Xiaohu , Klumpp-Thomas Carleen , Micheal Samuel , Shinn Paul , Luna Augustin , Thomas Craig , Pommier Yves
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Major advances have been made in the field of precision medicine for treating cancer. However, many open questions remain that need to be answered to realize the goal of matching every patient with cancer to the most efficacious therapy. To facilitate these efforts, we have developed CellMinerCDB: National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS; https://discover.nci.nih.gov/rsconnect/cellminercdb_ncats/), which makes available activity information for 2,675 drugs and compounds, including multiple nononcology drugs and 1,866 drugs and compounds unique to the NCATS. CellMinerCDB: NCATS comprises 183 cancer cell lines, with 72 unique to NCATS, including some from previously understudied tissues of origin. Multiple forms of data from different institutes are integrated, including single and combination drug activity, DNA copy number, methylation and mutation, transcriptome, protein levels, histone acetylation and methylation, metabolites, CRISPR, and miscellaneous signatures. Curation of cell lines and drug names enables cross-database (CDB) analyses. Comparison of the datasets is made possible by the overlap between cell lines and drugs across databases. Multiple univariate and multivariate analysis tools are built-in, including linear regression and LASSO. Examples have been presented here for the clinical topoisomerase I (TOP1) inhibitors topotecan and irinotecan/SN-38. This web application provides both substantial new data and significant pharmacogenomic integration, allowing exploration of interrelationships.
Significance:
CellMinerCDB: NCATS provides activity information for 2,675 drugs in 183 cancer cell lines and analysis tools to facilitate pharmacogenomic research and to identify determinants of response.
Data from Shortwave Infrared Imaging Enables High-Contrast Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Privitera Laura , Waterhouse Dale J. , Preziosi Alessandra , Paraboschi Irene , Ogunlade Olumide , Da Pieve Chiara , Barisa Marta , Ogunbiyi Olumide , Weitsman Gregory , Hutchinson J. Ciaran , Cross Kate , Biassoni Lorenzo , Stoyanov Danail , Sebire Neil , Beard Paul , De Coppi Paolo , Kramer-Marek Gabriela , Anderson John , Giuliani Stefano
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Fluorescence-guided surgery is set to play a pivotal role in the intraoperative management of pediatric tumors. Shortwave infrared imaging (SWIR) has advantages over conventional near-infrared I (NIR-I) imaging with reduced tissue scattering and autofluorescence. Here, two NIR-I dyes (IRDye800CW and IR12), with long tails emitting in the SWIR range, were conjugated with a clinical-grade anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody (dinutuximab-beta) to compare NIR-I and SWIR imaging for neuroblastoma surgery. A first-of-its-kind multispectral NIR-I/SWIR fluorescence imaging device was constructed to allow an objective comparison between the two imaging windows. Conjugates were first characterized in vitro. Tissue-mimicking phantoms, imaging specimens of known geometric and material composition, were used to assess the sensitivity and depth penetration of the NIR-I/SWIR device, showing a minimum detectable volume of ∼0.9 mm3 and depth penetration up to 3 mm. In vivo, fluorescence imaging using the NIR-I/SWIR device showed a high tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) for both dyes, with anti–GD2-IR800 being significantly brighter than anti–GD2-IR12. Crucially, the system enabled higher TBR at SWIR wavelengths than at NIR-I wavelengths, verifying SWIR imaging enables high-contrast delineation of tumor margins. This work demonstrates that by combining the high specificity of anti-GD2 antibodies with the availability and translatability of existing NIR-I dyes, along with the advantages of SWIR in terms of depth and tumor signal-to-background ratio, GD2-targeted NIR-I/SWIR-guided surgery could improve the treatment of patients with neuroblastoma, warranting investigation in future clinical trials.
Significance:
Multispectral near-infrared I/shortwave infrared fluorescence imaging is a versatile system enabling high tumor-to-background signal for safer and more complete resection of pediatric tumors during surgery.
Live Biotherapeutic Products as Cancer Treatments
Authors: Brevi Arianna , Zarrinpar Amir
Published: June 2023

Almost every aspect of cancer can be influenced by microbiota including tumor onset, progression, and response to therapy. The increasing evidence of the role of microbiota in human health and disease has reinvigorated the interest in designing microbial products that can affect cancer outcomes. Researchers have made numerous attempts to develop safe, engineered biotherapeutic products for cancer treatment using synthetic biology tools. Despite the progress, only Bacillus Calmette-Guérin is approved for human use. Here, we highlight the recent advances and current challenges in using live bacteria as cancer therapeutics.
Persistent Fever after COVID-19 Vaccination in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis: A Call for Attention
Authors: Rodrigues Cláudio Melo , Carvalho Ana Catarina , Ventura Sofia , Domingues Ângela Pinto , Silva Américo , Ministro Paula
Published: June 2023

The development of vaccinations has been game-changing in the ongoing effort to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Until now, adverse effects are being reported at low frequency, including thrombocytopenia and myocarditis. Careful monitoring for any suspicious symptoms and signs following vaccination is necessary. We report a case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) after mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in a 23-year-old female with ulcerative colitis. Diagnosis was made according to HLH-2004 criteria and the patient was treated with dexamethasone with response. Our report aimed to draw attention to the potential relation between COVID-19 vaccines and HLH and the necessity of continued surveillance, especially in at-risk populations such as those with underlying immune dysregulation.
Encephalitis as a Clinical Manifestation of COVID-19: A Case Series
Authors: Sharif Muhammad Hammad , Khaleeque Madeeha , Khan Asad Ali , Jan Muhammad Hassan , Ahmed Atif , Latif Nida , Qadir Abdul , Hanif Muhammad , Iqbal Amjid
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 is a novel virus which causes a variety of clinical manifestations in the body, some of which are yet to be discovered. The main aim of our study is to highlight the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 as it is still new to the medical world, and to emphasize the fact that the physicians have to be wary of the possibility that patients affected by COVID-19 can present with encephalitis. Only a few studies are available so far regarding the neurological manifestations of this novel virus which highlights the need for this study. We present a case series of 4 patients who were found to have COVID-19 encephalitis. There is still no disease-defining test for diagnosis so the mainstay of diagnosis is exclusion of all the common causes of encephalitis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis performs an ancillary in the diagnostic tools. Our study also supports the use of IV tocilizumab (4–8 mg/kg) and IV methylprednisolone (0.5–2 mg/kg) as possible treatment options with good results, as the patients described in our case series responded well to these medications.
Cocaine Exposure Increases Excitatory Synaptic Transmission and Intrinsic Excitability in the Basolateral Amygdala in Male and Female Rats and across the Estrous Cycle
Authors: Corbett Claire M. , Miller Emily N.D. , Wannen Erin E. , Rood Benjamin D , Chandler Daniel J. , Loweth Jessica A.
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Sex and ovarian hormones influence cocaine seeking and relapse vulnerability, but less is known regarding the cellular and synaptic mechanisms contributing to these behavioral sex differences. One factor thought to influence cue-induced seeking behavior following withdrawal is cocaine-induced changes in the spontaneous activity of pyramidal neurons in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). However, the mechanisms underlying these changes, including potential sex or estrous cycle effects, are unknown. Methods: Ex vivo whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology was conducted to investigate the effects of cocaine exposure, sex, and estrous cycle fluctuations on two properties that can influence spontaneous activity of BLA pyramidal neurons: (1) frequency and amplitude of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) and (2) intrinsic excitability. Recordings of BLA pyramidal neurons were conducted in adult male and female rats and across the estrous cycle following 2–4 weeks of withdrawal from extended-access cocaine self-administration (6 h/day for 10 days) or drug-naïve conditions. Results: In both sexes, cocaine exposure increased the frequency, but not amplitude, of sEPSCs and neuronal intrinsic excitability. Across the estrous cycle, sEPSC frequency and intrinsic excitability were significantly elevated only in cocaine-exposed females in the estrus stage of the cycle, a stage when cocaine-seeking behavior is known to be enhanced. Conclusions: Here, we identify potential mechanisms underlying cocaine-induced alterations in the spontaneous activity of BLA pyramidal neurons in both sexes along with changes in these properties across the estrous cycle.
Mesangiolysis in Pathological Chronic Active Antibody-Mediated Rejection in Kidney Transplant Biopsies
Authors: Suto Yuki , Oguchi Hideyo , Tochigi Naobumi , Mikami Tetuo , Shinoda Kazunobu , Honda Kazuho , Kounoue Noriyuki , Hashimoto Junya , Muramatsu Masaki , Itabashi Yoshihiro , Sakai Ken
Published: June 2023

Introduction: This study aimed to determine if immune or nonimmune and acute or chronic lesions associated with mesangiolysis (MGLS) occurred in biopsy-proven pathological chronic active antibody-mediated rejection (P-CAABMR) in kidney transplant biopsies. Methods: We evaluated MGLS in 41 patients with biopsy findings of P-CAABMR from January 2016 to December 2019. Histological scoring was evaluated by Banff classification. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using a forward selection method. Results: Fifteen of the 41 P-CAABMR biopsies (36.6%) cases showed MGLS. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was significantly lower in the MGLS-positive compared with the MGLS-negative group, and proteinuria was significantly higher in the MGLS-positive compared with the MGLS-negative group. In the clinical model, multivariate analysis was performed using covariates of eGFR and duration after transplantation significantly correlated with MGLS by simple analysis, in addition to type of calcineurin inhibitor use (tacrolimus or cyclosporine), donor-specific antibodies, diabetes, and hypertension grade defined by use of antihypertensive therapy or/and blood pressure level. Only hypertension grade was significantly correlated with MGLS. In the pathological model, multivariate analysis was performed using the presence of FSGS and the aah and cg scores significantly correlated with MGLS by simple analysis, in addition to g and ptc scores. The cg score was significantly correlated with hypertension grade, duration after transplantation, g, ah, and aah. Conclusion: Lower graft function and higher proteinuria was observed in MGLS of P-CAABMR. The Banff cg score was independently related to MGLS in multivariate analysis. Sustained glomerulitis, calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity, and hypertension may cause Banff cg lesions, leading to MGLS in P-CAABMR.
Abstract 10048: Effect of Transitioning From Conventional Cardiac Troponin to High Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin on Hospital Resources- A Single Center Experience
Authors: Kerolos Mina M , Chu Jian , Vazquez Eliseo , Honasoge Akilesh , Purim-Shem-Tov Yanina A , yucebay elif , Attanasio Steve
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
In comparison to conventional cardiac troponin (cTn), high sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assay is associated with improved detection of myocardial infarction (MI). From literature review, resource utilization seems variable across institutions. This study sought to determine the effect of converting to hs-cTn on hospital resources.

Hypothesis:
hs-cTn is associated with overall decrease in resource utilization

Methods:
We performed a descriptive retrospective analysis of resource utilization at Rush University Medical Center (Chicago, IL) over the period of transition (July 6, 2021) from a cTn to hs-cTn assay using data extracted from the electronic health record. Inclusion criteria included Emergency Department (ED) encounters between January 1, 2021 and December 31, 2021 with chief complaints of “chest pain” or “dyspnea” with an associated troponin order. The primary endpoints were percentage of ED discharges. Secondary endpoints included the number of cardiac studies ordered including troponins, electrocardiograms (ECG), echocardiograms, stress tests, and coronary angiograms. Univariable comparisons of these endpoints were performed using Student’s t-test for continuous variables and Chi-square tests for binary/categorical variables.

Results:
A total of 5113 encounters were analyzed. hs-cTn was associated with an overall increased ED discharge in patients with negative troponin tests (44.1% vs. 29.9%, P<0.01). In terms of cardiac testing per encounter, hs-cTn compared to cTn was associated with a marginal increase in number of troponin tests (1.9 vs. 1.6, P<0.01), electrocardiograms (3.0 vs. 2.9, P=0.01), Echocardiograms (0.5 vs. 0.4, P<0.01). There was a decrease in the utilization of stress testing (0.21 vs 0.26, P<0.01). There was a trend towards increased coronary angiography per encounter (0.11 vs. 0.09, P=0.05) and an increase in total coronary angiography use during the hs-cTn period compared to cTn (227//2471 (9.2%) vs. 195/2642 (7.4%, P=0.02))

Conclusion:
Transitioning from cTn to hs-cTn was associated with increased ED discharges, marginal increase in troponin tests, ECGs, echocardiograms. There was a decrease in stress testing but increase in total coronary angiography.
Abstract 10049: Outcome of Telemedicine Compared With Traditional In-Person Follow-Up Visits in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes. Virtual Heart Study
Authors: Sierra Juan , Rojo Grajales Laura , Matute-Martinez Carlos , Al-Ayyubi Rami , ernest Prince , Herrera-Ramos Alejandro , Boccalandro Fernando
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Telemedicine offers considerable opportunities to bring high-quality cardiovascular care. Its role in the ischemic-heart disease continuum in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) has not been previously evaluated.

Hypothesis:
Virtual visits (VV) can be used as an alternative to in-person (IV) follow-up office visits in patients with ACS.

Methods:
418 patients undergoing angiography for ACS (104 STEMI/314 NSTEMI) were randomized to follow-up via VV (n=208) using a free patient commercial platform or IV (n=210) between February and December 2020. Primary endpoints included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 1,6 and12 months and 1-year all-cause mortality. Secondary endpoints included 1-year adherence to guideline based-medical therapy including LDL-c < 70 mg/dl, dual antiplatelet therapy, beta-blockers, ACE/ARB/ARNI, Aldosterone antagonists for patients with EF<40%, participation in cardiac rehabilitation, cardiovascular-related hospitalization and all hospitalizations, and crossover between follow-up modalities. Follow-up was scheduled at 2,4,8,12 weeks after discharge and every 12 weeks afterward for one 1 year.

Results:
No significant difference was found in the demographics, procedural variables, baseline laboratories, ejection fraction, revascularization modalities, therapy at discharge, subjects lost-to-follow-up, missed, and rescheduled visits among study groups. MACE at 1-month [IV:1.9% Vs VV:1.4% (p =0.74)], 6-months [IV:6.7% Vs VV:5.8% (p =0.66)],12-months [IV:10.5% Vs VV: 10.6% (p =0.99)] and 1-year all-cause-mortality [IV:5.7% Vs VV: 6.7% (p =0.76)] was similar between groups. No significant difference was found between groups regarding all secondary endpoints including guideline-based medical therapy, participation in cardiac rehabilitation, CV-related death, and all hospitalization. The patients in the VV group had a higher incidence of crossover to IV visits at the end of the study [IV:5(2.4%)Vs VV:25(12%) (p < 0.01)].

Conclusions:
Telemedicine can be a valuable tool in the follow-up care in patients with ACS during the first year after index hospitalization, resulting in similar outcomes compared with traditional in-person follow-up visits.
Abstract 10073: Acute Ischemic Stroke in Medicare Patients Following Admission for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Analysis From 2019 National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Ramphul Kamleshun , Kumar Nomesh , Verma Renuka , Ramphul Yogeshwaree , Sombans Shaheen , Kumari Komal , Mejias Stephanie G , Lohana Petras , Arti Fnu
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
With the increasing burden of Acute Myocardial Infarction(AMI) on Medicare, there is a paucity of information on the incidence of Acute Ischemic Stroke(AIS) in those patients and their risk factors.

Methods:
Patients with a principal diagnosis of AMI covered by Medicare from the 2019 National Inpatient Sample were extracted. Multiple variable regression allowed us to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of AIS among patients while acknowledging various possible factors.

Results:
A total of 378,390 cases of AMI covered by Medicare were found, amongst which 6110 patients,1.6%, also experienced AIS. The mean age of AIS cases was 75.34 years, while it was 74.31 years in non-AIS patients. Patients with AMI are more likely to have a diagnosis of AIS during their hospitalization if they are females (aOR 1.195, 95% CI 1.134-1.260, p<0.01), had a history of alcohol abuse (aOR 1.564, 95% CI 1.346-1.818, p<0.01), peripheral vascular disease (aOR 1.651, 95% CI 1.546-1.764, p<0.01), diabetes (aOR 1.158, 95% CI 1.097-1.222, p<0.01). However, AIS chances are decreased in patients with chronic pulmonary disease (aOR 0.855, 95% CI 0.802-0.912, p<0.01), obese (aOR 0.829, 95% CI 0.770-0.893, p<0.01), smokers (aOR 0.699, 95% CI 0.660-0.739, p<0.01), hyperlipidemia (aOR 0.743, 95% CI 0.703-0.785, p<0.01), ages 60 or less (aOR 0.740, 95% CI 0.662-0.828, p<0.01), and hypertensive (aOR 0.824, 95% CI 0.765-0.889, p<0.01). Blacks (aOR: 1.091, 95% CI 1.002- 1.189, p=0.046) and races other than White, Black, or Hispanic (aOR: 1.353, 95% CI 1.224- 1.495, p<0.01) also showed a higher risk of AIS compared to Whites. AIS also led to an increased risk of mortality (aOR 2.599, 95% CI 2.413-2.801, p<0.01).

Conclusions:
Several factors influenced the risk of AIS in AMI patients covered by Medicare. More studies are recommended to understand the impact of other possible factors not covered by the NIS, such as medication history.
Abstract 10136: Tafamidis Patient Characteristics and Adherence: A Retrospective Analysis of German Statutory Health Insurance Data
Authors: Kemner Jason , Attal Sepideh , Rozenbaum Mark , Chen Yong , Alvir Jose , Schussler Sofia , Barth Sebastian
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
In February 2020, tafamidis became the first drug approved to treat adults with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) in Europe. However, the real-world treatment patterns of tafamidis 61 mg in Germany, including adherence rates, are not well studied.

Methods:
A non-interventional, retrospective, observational cohort study of German IQVIA
TM
longitudinal prescription data. Patients were statutory insured and received ≥1 prescription of tafamidis 61 mg between March 01, 2020 and August 31, 2021. Baseline characteristics were assessed descriptively. Treatment adherence was analysed using the modified medical possession ratio (mMPR) and proportion of days covered (PDC).

Results:
989 patients received ≥1 tafamidis prescription, with a mean age of 77.8 years, 81.1% were male, and 22.9% were treated by a cardiologist (Table 1). Overall, there were 7,753 prescriptions for tafamidis 61 mg. Mean supply and follow-up duration (first to last prescription) were 9.1 months and 7.8 months, respectively. The most frequent prior and concomitant medications were loop diuretics (73.7% and 69.7%), beta blockers (67.5% and 57.0%), direct factor Xa inhibitors (54.7% and 53.3%), and statins (55.0% and 47.4%). 879 patients received ≥2 prescriptions. Among these, mean mMPR was 1.03 (93.4% had an adherence rate ≥80%) and PDC was 0.90 (87.1% had adherence rate ≥80%; Figure 1).

Conclusions:
Patients prescribed tafamidis 61 mg in Germany display very high adherence. Based on professional society recommendations and using real world data, we found opportunities for concomitant medication optimization in patients with ATTR-CM and treated with tafamidis.
Abstract 10199: Increased Aortic Wall Shear Stress in Marfan Patients Long-Term After Proximal Grafting Assessed by 4D Flow Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Saffioti Alice , palumbo maria chiara , Tak Katherine , Votta Emiliano , Humphrey Jay D , Wang Yadong , Liberman Nicole , SINGH Parmanand , Kim Jiwon , Devereux Richard B , Roman Mary J , Gaudino Mario F , Girardi Leonard N , redaelli alberto , Weinsaft Jonathan W
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
For Marfan syndrome patients (MFS) with thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA), prosthetic graft surgery provides lifesaving benefits, but adverse event risk persists in the native aorta for which mechanism is unclear. Sustained impact of proximal grafts on biomechanics within and distal to grafts is unknown.

Methods:
MFS patients with chronic (> 6 month) proximal grafts were compared to non-surgical MFS (nsMFS) and age/sex matched controls: Wall shear stress (WSS) on 4D flow cardiac MRI and size (diameter) were quantified at aortic landmarks (ascending, arch, descending, thoracoabdominal).

Results:
34 subjects were studied including MFS late (7.3±6.7 years) after graft implantation (n=12). Post-surgical MFS were of similar age (p=0.93) and sex (p=0.64) to controls but older than non-surgical MFS (45±10 vs 33±11 yo, p=0.01): In the ascending aorta (grafted territory), post-surgical MFS had higher WSS (1.17±0.55 Pa) than nsMFS (0.74±0.17 Pa) and controls (0.60±0.17 Pa; p=0.002 for trend). Similarly, in the (native) descending aorta, WSS was higher in post-surgical (1.06±0.24 Pa) than nsMFS (0.97±0.11) and controls (0.83±0.16; p=0.02) (
Figure
) paralleling results in the arch (p=0.06) and a similar trend in the thoracoabdominal aorta (p=0.12). Among the overall MFS cohort (n=23), proximal graft implantation associated with increased WSS in the ascending and descending aorta (both p<0.01) in analyses controlling for age and aortic size in respective territories (
Table
).

Conclusions:
Prosthetic grafts yield sustained alterations in aortic biomechanics, including elevated WSS (a marker of adverse remodeling) in grafted regions and the distal native aorta.
Abstract 10311: Atrioventricular Junctional Ablation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation With and Without Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lewinter Christian , Sögütlü Eslem , Nielsen Torsten Holm H , Cleland John G , Kober Lars , Lewinter Martin M , Linde cecilia M , Braunschweig Frieder
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Rapid atrial fibrillation (AF) leads to heart failure (HF), but can also result from cardiac remodelling during HF. Atrioventricular junctional ablation (AVJA) cures rapid AF at the cost of permanent pacemaker dependency. We compared mortality in AF patients treated with AVJA to pharmacological therapy.

Methods:
We performed data searches in the PubMed, Central, and Embase till Marts 31, 2022. Inclusion criteria were observational and randomised controlled trials evaluating mortality and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with AF. An exclusion criterion was lack of a parallel study design.Our primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. A secondary endpoint was the mean difference (MD) in LVEF during the follow-up. Endpoints were assessed through meta-analyses computing hazard ratios (HRs) and MDs. Mantel-Haenszel and DerSimonian random effect models were applied, respectively. LVEF<41% was used as a surrogate for HF in a sensitivity analysis.

Results:
Overall,1738 studies were found from the data searches. Of these, 24 fulfilled the inclusion criteria (HF, N=15). The range of age was 60-75 years and 14 to 74% were women. The follow-up time varied between 3 to 96 months. AVJA as compared with pharmacological therapy reduced all-cause mortality by 27% in patients with AF (Fig. 1), whereas the LVEF MD between groups was not significantly different (Fig. 2). In HF patients, mortality was significantly favouring AVJA as compared with pharmacological therapy (HR, 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51 to 0.91; P=0.009) but not for the LVEF (MD, 1.12; 95% CI, -2.90 to 5.14; P=0.54). In patients without HF, neither mortality nor the LVEF MD were significantly different between AJVA and pharmacological therapy (results not reported).

Conclusion:
Mortality was significantly reduced in the AVJA group as compared with the pharmacological therapy group. This benefit was only persistent in HF patients in a sensitivity analysis.