bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Octabenzone Isolated from Saharan Myrtle Leaves (Myrtus nivellei)
Authors: Mansour Amira , Rahili Ghania , Roza Orsolya , Chemat Smain
Published: April 2020

Background:

The Algerian Saharan plants are plants of terrestrial origin, which during
their evolution have adapted to the Algerian south ecosystem. By their particular ecological and evolutionary
position, it is possible that these endemic plants also selected specific secondary metabolites
with original chemical and biological characteristics.

Objective:

Phytochemical investigation of ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of M. nivellei leaves.

Methods:

Air-dried and coarsely powdered leaves were macerated with 80% methanol. The methanol
extract diluted with distilled water was successively extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate and n-
BuOH. The ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts were fractionated by sephadex (LH-20) column using
MeOH as eluent. Fraction 1 from ethyl acetate extract was chromatographed by preparative TLC
to give pure compound (1). Fractions 4 and 5 from n-butanol extract were chromatographed by RPHPLC
over a C18 column using MeOH/H2O (4:6, v/v) as solvent system. Fraction 4 gave compounds
3 (1.5 mg) and 4 (1.1 mg), fraction 5 gave compound 2 (5.5 mg). Structural elucidation was
established by a combination of one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques, and mass spectrometry.

Results:

The investigation of ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of M. nivellei leaves allowed the
isolation for the first time of Octabenzone (1) which was never reported before along with three
known flavonols, myricetin 3-O-β-D-(6”-galloyl)galactoside (2), quercetin 3-O-β-D-(6”-
galloyl)galactoside (3) and myricetin 3-O-arabinoside (4).

Conclusion:

These results suggested that the leaves of M. nivellei stand as a promising natural
source for sunscreen products such as octabenzone. In combination with its richness of phenolic
compounds, these observations lead us toward further studies concerning M. nivellei biological activity
against skin damages and skin cancer.
Metal-organic Nanopharmaceuticals
Authors: Steinborn Benjamin , Lächelt Ulrich
Published: April 2020

:

Coordinative interactions between multivalent metal ions and drug derivatives with Lewis
base functions give rise to nanoscale coordination polymers (NCPs) as delivery systems. As the
pharmacologically active agent constitutes a main building block of the nanomaterial, the resulting
drug loadings are typically very high. By additionally selecting metal ions with favorable pharmacological
or physicochemical properties, the obtained NCPs are predominantly composed of active
components which serve individual purposes, such as pharmacotherapy, photosensitization, multimodal
imaging, chemodynamic therapy or radiosensitization. By this approach, the assembly of drug
molecules into NCPs modulates pharmacokinetics, combines pharmacological drug action with specific
characteristics of metal components and provides a strategy to generate tailorable multifunctional
nanoparticles. This article reviews different applications and recent examples of such highly
functional nanopharmaceuticals with a high ‘material economy’.

:

Lay Summary: Nanoparticles, that are small enough to circulate in the bloodstream and can carry
cargo molecules, such as drugs, imaging or contrast agents, are attractive materials for pharmaceutical
applications. A high loading capacity is a generally aspired parameter of nanopharmaceuticals to
minimize patient exposure to unnecessary nanomaterial. Pharmaceutical agents containing Lewis
base functions in their molecular structure can directly be assembled into metal-organic nanopharmaceuticals
by coordinative interaction with metal ions. Such coordination polymers generally feature
extraordinarily high loading capacities and the flexibility to encapsulate different agents for a simultaneous
delivery in combination therapy or ‘theranostic’ applications.
KEMAN EĞİTİMİNDE ÖĞRENME STRATEJİLERİYLE DESENLENMİŞ ETKİNLİKLERİN ÖĞRENCİLERİN KEMAN PERFORMANSLARINA ETKİSİ
Authors: Afacan Şenol , Çilden Şeyda
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışma keman eğitiminde öğrenme stratejileri ile desenlenmiş etkinliklerin Neşet Ertaş Güzel Sanatlar Lisesi Müzik Bölümünde öğrenim gören 11. sınıf keman öğrencilerinin keman performanslarına etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma modeli ön-test ve son-test kontrol gruplu seçkisiz desen şeklindedir. Öğrencilerin denklikleri incelendikten sonra, yansız atama yöntemiyle (random) deney grubu (n=6) ile kontrol (n=6) grubu oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma modeline dayalı olarak deney grubuna, 12 haftalık öğrenme stratejilerine göre hazırlanan keman dersi öğretim programı uygulanırken, kontrol grubuna ise 2016 yılında yayınlanan MEB müfredatında yer alan programa göre öğretim yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında Kırşehir İli Neşet Ertaş Güzel Sanatlar Lisesi müzik bölümünde öğrenim gören keman öğrencileri, örneklemini ise aynı okulun 11. Sınıfında öğrenim gören 12 keman öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilere veri toplama araçları olarak “Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Keman Eğitiminde Öğrenme Stratejileri ile Desenlenmiş Etkinlikler, Performans Değerlendirme Gözlem Formu ve Yazılı Sınav Soruları” uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analiz edilmesiyle elde edilen sonuçlarda,deney ve kontrol grubu öğrencilerinin keman performansları arasında deney grubu lehine anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu bulunmuştur.
Efektivitas guided discovery menggunakan pendekatan kontekstual ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis, prestasi, dan self-efficacy
Authors: Agus Imaludin
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perbedaan keefektifan guided discovery meggunakan pendekatan kontekstual dan konvensional ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis, prestasi belajar, dan self-efficacy matematika siswa SMP. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi-experiment dengan pretest-posttest nonequivalent group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri di Kontukowun, kabupaten Muna dan kelas VIII-1 dan Kelas VIII-2 dipilih secara acak sebagai sampel. Untuk mengetahui keefektifan guided discovery menggunakan pendekatan kontekstual dan konvensional menggunakan uji one sample t-test, sedangkan untuk perbedaan keefektifan metode pembelajaran menggunakan uji two group manova. Jika terdapat perbedaan maka dilanjutkan dengan uji perbandingan menggunakan independent sample t-test. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa guided discovery menggunakan pendekatan kontekstual efektif ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis, prestasi belajar, dan self-efficacy; metode konvensional tidak efektif ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis, prestasi belajar, dan self-efficacy; dan guided discovery menggunakan pendekatan kontekstual lebih efektif dibandingkan konvensional ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis, prestasi belajar, dan self-efficacy. The effectiveness of guided discovery using the contextual approach in terms of critical thinking ability, achievement, and self-efficacyAbstractThe aim of the study aims to describe the effectiveness of guided discovery using the contextual approach in terms of critical thinking ability, learning achievement and self-efficacy in the mathematics of junior high school students. The study was quasi-experiment with pretest-posttest nonequivalent group design method. The population in this research was all 8th-grade students from one public junior high school in Kontukowuna, Muna Regency, Indonesia and class VIII-1 and VIII-2 were randomly selected as a sample. One sample t-test was used to determine the effectiveness of the guided discovery using the contextual approach and the conventional method. Whereas, two groups of Manova was used to know the difference between the learning methods. Then, if the result showed there is a significant difference between the two classes, the independent sample t-test was administered. Result of the study indicates that the guided discovery using the contextual approach is effective in terms of critical thinking ability, learning achievement, and self-efficacy; the conventional method is not effective in terms of critical thinking ability, learning achievement, and self-efficacy; and the guided discovery using contextual approach is more effective than conventional in terms of critical thinking ability, learning achievement, and self-efficacy.
Level penalaran proporsional siswa dalam memecahkan missing value problem
Authors: Prayitno Anton , Rossa Alvia , Widayanti Febi Dwi
Published: April 2020

Tujuan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan level penalaran proporsional siswa kelas VIII SMP dalam memecahkan masalah satu nilai yang tidak diketahui (missing value problem). Instrumen penelitian ini berupa lembar tugas tentang masalah satu nilai yang tidak diketahui yang telah di validasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kalipare Malang dengan jumlah 33 siswa. Prosedur pengambilan data diawali dengan siswa diminta mengerjakan instrumen penelitian. Setelah mendapat data hasil pekerjaan siswa, dipilih tiga siswa sebagai subjek penelitian untuk dilakukan wawancara dengan tingkat penalaran proporsional yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penalaran proporsional siswa berada pada level 0, level transisi 0 ke 2, dan level 4. Pada level 0, siswa memecahkan masalah satu nilai yang tidak diketahui menggunakan selisih dan sembarang operasi. Pada level transisi dari 0 ke 2, siswa memecahkan masalah satu nilai yang tidak diketahui menggunakan selisih kemudian beralih menggunakan cara membangun kedua ukuran (building both measure). Pada level 4, siswa memecahkan masalah satu nilai yang tidak diketahui hanya menggunakan aturan perkalian silang. Level of student’s proportional reasoning in solving missing value problemAbstractThe purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to describe the level of proportional reasoning eighth-grade students in solving the problem of the unknown values. This research instrument was an assignment sheet about a missing value problem that validated. The subjects of this research were students of class VIII of SMP Negeri 1 (State Junior High School) Kalipare, Malang, Indonesia, with a total of 33 students. Data collection procedures begin with students being asked to do research instruments. After obtaining data on student work, three students selected as research subjects for interviews with different proportional levels of reasoning. The results showed that students' proportional reasoning was at level 0, transition level 0 to 2, and level 4. At level 0, students solved the problem of missing value problem using differences and arbitrary operations. At the transition level from 0 to 2, students solve the problem of missing value problem using the difference and then switch to using building both measure methods. At level 4, students solve the problem of one unknown value using only the rules of cross multiplication.
Developing augmented reality in mathematics learning: The challenges and strategies
Authors: Guntur Muhamad Ikhsan Sahal , Setyaningrum Wahyu , Retnawati Heri , Marsigit Marsigit , Saragih Novilda Angela , Noordin Muhamad Kahir bin
Published: April 2020

One of the technologies developed massively in learning is Augmented Reality (AR) technology. This research will explain the challenges of teachers in developing AR-assisted learning media and strategies to anticipate the challenges that arise in developing AR-assisted learning media. This type of research is qualitative phenomenological research. The participants of this research were 75 Mathematics teachers who joined the developing AR-assisted learning media training. The teachers came from various regions in Indonesia. The mathematics teachers invited were 36 junior high school teachers and 29 senior high school teachers from public and private schools who were vulnerable at the age of 22-35 years and 27 teacher is male and the others are female. They have attended an AR-assisted media development training because have interested in AR and education. The data collection used is a questionnaire and an interview which is done to all participants and data analyzed using the Bogdan Biklen model. The results of the research show that the challenges encountered by the teacher are meeting the minimum standards of hardware and software, limited references both sourced from humans, online media or print media. Efforts made by teachers to overcome existing problems such as gradually upgrading laptops, finding sources from foreign languages and trying to form joint learning communities.
Kualitas butir bank soal statistika (Studi kasus: Instrumen ujian akhir mata kuliah statistika Universitas Terbuka)
Authors: Santoso Agus , Kartianom Kartianom , Kassymova Gulzhaina K.
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeksripsikan kualitas butir soal ujian akhir semester mata kuliah statistika ekonomi yang dikembangkan oleh Universitas Terbuka (UT) sebagai dasar dalam mengembangkan bank soal yang terkalibrasi menggunakan pendekatan Teori Respons Butir. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah pola jawaban mahasiswa UT yang telah mengikuti ujian akhir semester (UAS) mata kuliah statistika ekonomi selama enam masa ujian, dengan ukuran sampel sebanyak 23334 mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa butir-butir soal ujian akhir semester mata kuliah statistika ekonomi yang dikembangkan UT: (1) terbukti valid secara konstruk, yakni hanya mengukur satu faktor dominan, yaitu kemampuan statistika ekonomi; (2) memiliki kehandalan yang baik dengan nilai koefisien reliabilitas empiris lebih dari 0,70 (koefisien reliabilitas empiris = 0,7335); (3) dari 140 butir soal yang dikalibrasi terdapat 108 butir soal (25 butir soal berkualitas baik atau tanpa revisi dan 83 butir soal berkualitas kurang baik atau perlu revisi) yang layak disimpan dalam bank soal, sedangkan 32 butir soal berkualitas tidak baik; dan (4) mampu memberikan informasi akurat terkait kemampuan statistika ekonomi mahasiswa pada level kemampuan yang tinggi (-1,3 sampai +4,0). Quality of statistical test bank items (Case study: Final exam instrument of statistics courses in Universitas Terbuka) AbstractThis study aims to determine the quality of final semester test items of economic statistics course that was developed by Universitas Terbuka (UT) as a basis for developing calibrated item banks using Item Response Theory. This research uses a quantitative descriptive approach. The researcher investigates the answer pattern of the final semester exam (UAS) in the economic statistics course during six periods of the final exams. The sample size in this study was 23334 students. The results of this study indicate that the final semester exam items of economic statistics courses developed by UT: (1) proved to construct valid, i.e. only measure one dominant factor, namely the ability of economic statistics; (2) has good reliability with empirical reliability coefficient values more than 0.70 (empirical reliability coefficient = 0.7335); (3) of the 140 items calibrated there are 108 items (25 items of good quality or without revision and 83 items of poor quality or need to be revised) that are worth keeping in the question bank, while 32 items of quality are not good; and (4) able to provide accurate information related to students' economic statistical abilities at a high level of ability (-1.3 to +4.0)
Fact or Fiction? Misinformation and Social Media in the Era of COVID-19: An Infodemiology Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Stephen B
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 is an unprecedented and massive threat to our society. Understandably the hysteria surrounding COVID-19 has caused the emergence of significant misinformation.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine the reliability and extent of misinformation on social media platforms.

METHODS

We searched three social media platforms (Twitter, TikTok, and Instagram), with a focus on Twitter for informational posts. We then evaluated the credentials of the posters and determined whether or not they were applicable to the information posted.

RESULTS

Twitter, as opposed to TikTok and Instagram, contained a large amount of informational posts. The vast majority of these posts were done by those without applicable credentials (63%) as compared to those with the proper expertise (37%).

CONCLUSIONS

This study showed Twitter had a significant amount of COVID-19 informational posts; however, contained advice and information from questionable sources. Misinformation is a significant problem in the COVID-19 crisis. Misinformation can be dangerous in a crisis and we must continue to use sound judgement based on evidence and science in this crisis.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not Applicable
The Intersection of an Entrepreneurial Mindset and Hip Hop: A Case Study on BEATS by Dre
Authors: Green Daryl D. , McCann Jack , Miller Carly , Panxhi Arsid
Published: April 2020

This case study examines how the product BEATS by Dre, entered pop culture and rose to success in the current market. Through a literature analysis and a review of the company’s organizational structure, Beats Electronics is assessed due to its entrepreneurial prowess. The success of Beats by Dre addressed a critical problem in the marketplace, consequently, becoming the top premium sound model to entrepreneurs across the globe. Through the lens of Hip Hop, readers can observe the characteristics of effective entrepreneurship, which is essential for success in the business world. The result of this investigation is significant because the results can better assist scholars and practitioners in how to inject the entrepreneurial mindset in popular culture.
Political and Economic Relations between United States of America and Jordan (1990-2019)
Authors: Almashaqbeh Fadi Issa Ali , Sheikh Aabid Majeed
Published: April 2020

The Kingdom of Jordan is a key U.S. partner in the Middle East. Although the United States and Jordan have never been linked by a formal treaty, the two countries have cooperated on a number of regional and international issues over the years. The research is based on a major hypothesis that, the presence of local, regional and international factors have affected the Jordanian-American relations and made them take the nature of mutual cooperation between the two countries. This research essentially contributes to deepen the understanding among those interested in politics of Jordan, in identifying the factors affecting Jordanian-American relations, and on the dimensions of the American position on all Arab issues in order to overcome negative impacts and give a strong impetus to the relations between the two parties. This research also provides an opportunity for the interested researchers and scholars of the local, regional and international affairs to familiarize themselves with the nature of Jordanian-American relations at this very important stage. The main goal is to reveal the main aspects that underpin Jordanian-American relations. The research problem revolves around a central question and which elucidates the nature of Jordanian-American relations
US database study: burden and healthcare resource utilization in adults with systemic endemic mycoses and aspergillosis
Authors: Forsythe Anna , Lewis Gareth , Jordan Robyn , Thompson George R
Published: April 2020

Aim:
This study evaluated burden of illness in immunocompromised patients with systemic mycoses (SM) eligible for itraconazole treatment, specifically, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis and aspergillosis.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study used an electronic medical record network integrating information from 30 US hospitals, including >34 million patients, to evaluate burden and healthcare resource utilization over 6 months following initiation of antifungal therapy.
Results:
Symptomatic burden experienced by each of the otherwise healthy or age >65 or immunosuppressed cohorts receiving antifungal therapy for SM was comparable but significantly greater in cancer or HIV patients and transplant recipients. Across groups, there was substantially higher healthcare resource utilization in patients with SM versus matched controls without SM.
Conclusion:
The total impact of SM is particularly severe in high-risk or vulnerable populations.
Adverse events in women switching from olaparib capsules to tablets: Retrospective observational study of US claims data
Authors: Banerjee Susana
Published: April 2020

This Publication Perspective video, by lead author Susana Banerjee from the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Cancer Research, provides an overview of the article 'Adverse events in women switching from olaparib capsules to tablets: retrospective observational study of US claims data' published in Future Oncology, helping readers learn more about the publication and it's relevance to them.
EVROINTEGRACIJE REPUBLIKE SRBIJE REFORMA SISTEMA UPRAVLJANJA KADROVIMA U DRŽAVNOJ UPRAVI
Authors: Petrovic Agatina
Published: April 2020

Republika Srbija, poslednje dve decenije, kao svoj glavni spoljnopolitički cilj ističe članstvo u Evropskoj uniji. Na svom putu evrointegracija Srbija mora da sprovede mnogobrojne reforme kako bi bila spremna, u funkcionalnom i organizacionom smislu, da preuzme sve obaveze koje iz članstva u Uniji proizilaze. Te neophodne reforme pre svega podrazumevaju izgradnju odgovarajućih administrativnih kapaciteta, koji su preduslov za ispunjavanje svih ostalih kriterijuma – političkih, ekonomskih i pravnih. Kao glavni nosioci administrativnih reformi izdvajaju se kadrovi državne uprave, odnosno službenički sistem, što predstavlja i temu ovog rada. Kadrovi su najznačajniji deo svakog organizionog oblika jer od njihove profesionalnosti, etičnosti i odgovornosti zavisi ispunjavanje svih ciljeva i zadataka zarad kojih je organizacija osnovana, a u državnoj upravi, njihov značaj je još veći jer obavljaju poslove od javnog interesa i značaja. To je i razlog iz kog EU posmatra reformu kadrova, u skladu sa svojim upravnim prencipima objedinjenim Evropskim upravnim prostorom, kao jedan od uslova za pristupanje.
ZNAČAJ POVERENIKA ZA ZAŠTITU RAVNOPRAVNOSTI U SPREČAVANJU EFEKTA „STAKLENOG PLAFONA“ I DISKRIMINACIJE ŽENA U RADU I ZAPOŠLJAVANJU U REPUBLICI SRBIJI
Authors: Petrović Slađana
Published: April 2020

Efekat „staklenog plafona“ je diskriminatorska praksa zasnovana na polu kao ličnom svojstvu, koja je prvi put prepoznata u SAD početkom 1980-tih godina 20. veka. Ona stvara nejednakost i neravnopravnost između žena i muškaraca u oblastima rada i zapošljavanja i političkom angažmanu žena. U ovom radu, polazimo od istorijskog nastanka, razvoja i širenja ovog pojma u svetu i zadržavamo se na praćenju ovog efekta u oblasti rada i zapošljavanja. Zatim pokušavamo da kroz praksu Poverenika za zaštitu ravnopravnosti utvrdimo, da li je ova pojava u Republici Srbiji prepoznata i rasprostranjena, kao i u čemu je značaj Poverenika za zaštitu ravnopravnosti u njenom eliminisanju. Na kraju, pokušaćemo da utvrdimo, kroz studiju slučajeva sa kojima se suočio Poverenik za zaštitu ravnopravnosti u praksi, da li je ovaj akt polne diskriminiacije prepoznat kao diskriminatorska praksa u Republici Srbiji, kao i u kojoj meri su pojedine strateške parnice, kao i mišljenja i preporuke Poverenika uticale na to da „efekat staklenog plafona“ bude eliminisan na radu i u vezi sa radom i zapošljavanjem žena u Republici Srbiji.
OMBUDSMAN/HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTION IN THE MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES
Authors: Hakky Mohammad Ahmad
Published: April 2020

The Ombudsmen institution is a relatively young institution in the political systems of 133 countries of the world. Although its founder is tied to Sweden, where this institution was founded in the early 19th century, its rapid spread only came in the sixties and seventies of the 20th century. In the Middle East, this institution exists in just a few countries. This institution continues to exist in this region and in certain countries only at the beginning of the 21st century. The institution of ombudsman in the interests of the Middle East is not close to the political systems of these countries, nor to the usual nor the cultural ambience. However, since it protects human rights and controle public administration, it is also necessary in the political regime of the countries of the Middle East. In this paper, special attention is paid to the Ombudsman/National Human Rights Institution in some countries of the Middle East.
Teknik asosiasi bebas dan psikoedukasi untuk mengenali gejala penderita skizofrenia paranoid
Authors: Rizky Selvera Nidya
Published: April 2020

Klien seorang perempuan, 26 tahun dengan gangguan skizofrenia paranoid. Studi kasus bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman diri pada klien serta memberikan informasi tentang skizofrenia paranoid pada keluarga. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara, tes grafis, dan TAT. Intervensi yang dilakukan terdiri dari dua sesi teknik asosiasi bebas dan satu sesi psikoedukasi. Setelah dilakukan intervensi, klien mendapatkan pemahaman mengenai permasalahan yang dialami, klien dapat mengetahui apa yang harus dilakukan ketika simtom paranoid muncul yaitu mengalihkan perhatiannya dengan melakukan aktivitas yang bermanfaat. Keluarga klien memahami perjalanan gangguan klien (simtom munculnya skizofrenia), secara rutin memantau obat klien dan meluangkan waktu untuk menemani klien.Kata kunci: Teknik asosiasi bebas, pemahaman diri, skizofrenia
Meningkatkan kemampuan interaksi sosial pada anak dengan Social Skill Training
Authors: Rahma Mulyani Rila
Published: April 2020

DR adalah seorang laki-laki (12 Th) memiliki kesulitan dalam menjalin interaksi sosial. Untuk meningkatkan keterampilan sosial subyek maka diberikan Social Skill Training karena memiliki tujuan untuk mengembangkan suatu perilaku prososial dan memberikan suatu pengenalan keterampilan sosial yang belum dimiliki anak. Selain itu juga diberikan psikoedukasional kepada keluarga untuk memberikan informasi dan pemahaman mengenai permasalahan yang dialami subyek. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan tes psikologi (CAT dan WISC). Intervensi selama tiga hari dan hasil dari intervensi tersebut ialah subyek mulai berani berbicara dihadapan orang lain dan mengetahui bagaimana cara berkomunikasi yang baik dengan lawan bicara.Kata kunci: Social skill training, psikoedukasional, interaksi sosial, anak
Strategic Family Therapy untuk meningkatkan dukungan sosial dalam keluarga
Authors: Anggraini Henni
Published: April 2020

Dukungan sosial adalah perasaan nyaman, merasa dipedulikan, dihargai yang diterima seseorang. Tujuan pembahasan kasus adalah mengetahui bagaimana penerapan Strategic Family Therapy untuk meningkatkan dukungan sosial di dalam keluarga. Prosedur pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan observasi. Intervensi yang diberikan yaitu Strategic Family Therapy dengan tujuan meningkatkan dukungan sosial di dalam keluarga. Hasilnya menunjukkan perubahan yang positif dimana semua anggota keluarga membuat kesepakatan untuk kepentingan bersama.Kata kunci: Family therapy, strategic family therapy, dukungan sosial
Relasi antara perasaan kognitif dengan persepsi kendali survivor bencana tsunami Aceh di Indonesia
Authors: Winarsunu Tulus
Published: April 2020

Persepsi pada kesanggupan mengendalikan situasi memiliki kontribusi yang sangat penting ketika individu menghadapi situasi atau lingkungan yang sangat kritis, menekan, dan tidak menentu. Tanpa adanya keyakinan tentang kesanggupan mengatasi kesulitan hidup, maka akan sedikit sekali pemahaman individu pada rencana yang akan disusun dan tindakan-tindakan yang akan dilakukan untuk mengatasi kesulitan hidupnya. Dalam menghadapi kesulitan hidup, individu membutuhkan keyakinan bahwa ia memiliki kesanggupan yang berada diatas kesulitan itu sendiri. Persepsi pada kesanggupan mengendalikan situasi merupakan suatu yang sangat krusial bagi para korban selamat akibat bencana (survivor). Hal ini akan membantu mereka untuk menemukan ide mengenai tindakan apa saja yang dibutuhkan, meyakini bahwa tindakannya benar, dan memunculkan rasa optimisme ketika mengatasi kesuitan dalam hidupnya. Makalah ini ingin menjawab pertanyaan mengapa ada survivor yang memiliki keyakinan bahwa mereka sanggup mengatasi situasi sementara yang lain tidak. Dengan menggunakan perspektif availibility heuristic approach dalam makalah ini diajukan gagasan bahwa perasaan kognitif mengenai kejadian-kejadian menyedihkan yang dialami sebelumnya memiliki hubungan dengan terbentuknya persepsi kendali pada survivor korban tsunami.Kata Kunci: persepsi kendali, perasaan pada ingatan, availibility heuristic approach
Public awareness untuk mengurangi risiko bencana
Authors: Sulistyaningsih Wiwik
Published: April 2020

Wilayah Indonesia yang secara geografis terletak diantara tiga lempeng benua yang selalu bergerak, memiliki 127 gunung api, dan dengan kondisi sosial politik yang dinamis, mengandung risiko terjadinya bencana. Dengan demikian pada masyarakat khususnya yang tinggal di kawasan berisiko bencana, sangat diperlukan adanya pemahaman yang cukup tentang kondisi dan risiko bencana yang mungkin terjadi di daerah tempat tinggal mereka. Hal ini dimaksudkan agar mereka memiliki kesiapan yang cukup untuk dapat menghadapi bencana dan kemudian dapat pula secepatnya pulih kembali seandainya terjadi bencana. Sementara bila masyarakat tidak memiliki kemampuan untuk menghadapi bencana, maka yang terjadi adalah timbulnya korban yang terlalu besar dan pemulihan yang memakan waktu panjang untuk masyarakat dapat kembali menjalani hidup yang normal selepas bencana. Beberapa dampak yang timbul akibat bencana diantaranya adalah korban jiwa, hilangnya harta benda, serta rusaknya infrastuktur dan lingkungan. Selain itu situasi chaos selepas terjadinya bencana biasanya juga diwarnai dengan rumor atau isu-isu yang tidak bertanggung jawab yang semakin memperkeruh keadaan untuk pemulihan masyarakat. Lambatnya proses rehabilitasi dan rekons-truksi pasca bencana juga dapat terjadi apabila masyarakat menolak untuk mengikuti dan mendukung program-program yang dicanangkan oleh pemerintah. Bahkan upaya edukasi tentang bencana yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah juga akan berjalan kurang optimal jika masyarakat belum memahami sepenuhnya tentang pengurangan risiko bencana yang sebenarnya sangat mereka butuhkan. Sikap masyarakat yang seperti ini umumnya bersumber dari kurang dimilikinya pemahaman dan pengetahuan tentang risiko bencana serta upaya penanggulangan bencana yang dapat dilakukan. Pentingnya peran pengetahuan dan inovasi ini bertujuan agar budaya keselamatan dan ketahanan masyarakat dalam menghadapi bencana di semua tingkat dapat terwujud. Sebagai contoh, kemajuan pengetahuan di bidang geologi dapat menjelaskan banyak hal terkait dengan sejarah bencana di suatu tempat, sehingga masyarakat mendapatkan pemahaman yang tepat untuk menjelaskan mengapa suatu bencana terjadi. Dengan memberikan kesadaran dan pemahaman (public awareness) tentang risiko bencana tersebut diharapkan masyarakat akan dapat berperan aktif dalam upaya pengurangan risiko bencana.Kata kunci: bencana, public awareness, pengurangan risiko bencana
Bersyukur ala Nanggroe: Intervensi psikososial berbasis indigenous psychology
Authors: Putra Johan Satria
Published: April 2020

The 2004 tsunami disaster in Aceh still remain some psychological impact for the victims. On the other hand, the victims have to possess a preparedness to face similar disasters in the future. Therefore, we need not only a preventive intervention program but also curative. Aceh is a region that has a strong attachment with the local customs and culture. These customs and culture based on the norms of Islam. Based on those culture and religious context, one of many concept may be internalized to the public is ‘gratitude’. Gratitude could bring happiness and well-being within individu. The concept of gratitude derived from western theories generally have a lot of mismatches when applied in the context of local wisdom. Based on this problem, the planned psychosocial intervention program would be oriented to the indigenous psychology, which mainly purposed to create a gratitude training accordingly match with the principles of Aceh local wisdom. The psychosocial intervention consist of four steps. Phase I: Qualitative research using ethnographic methods, to produce an empirical construct of ‘kebersyukuran’ in the Acehnese local communities’ point of view. Later the construct would be used to produce a ‘syukur’ scale and training module. Phase II: Creating intervention program plan and building the team. Phase III : Training. Phase IV: Post-test, evaluation, and monitoring. The target of this intervention is the residents in four villages in Meuraksa and Jaya Baru, Banda Aceh.Keyword : syukur, training, Acehnese indigenous
Terapi tawa untuk healing dan recovery trauma pasca bencana
Authors: Anwar Zainul
Published: April 2020

Individu yang mengalami bencana dan kehilangan keluarga memiliki kecenderungan me-ngalami gangguan psikologis. Gangguan psikologis yang dimungkinkan terjadi pasca bencana pada korban bencana yaitu stres, psikosomatis, trauma, bahkan mungkin sampai depresi. Bencana menjadi salah satu faktor yang menghasilkan problem atau gangguan psikologi dan akan berpengaruh negatif bagi perjalan-an kehidupan individu-individu yang mengalaminya. Penanganan berupa intervensi psikologi sangat dibutuhkan agar dapat kembali pulih. Terapi tawa merupakan salah satu intervensi psikologi yang sangat sederhana dan ekonomis, prinsipnya hanya dibutuhkan individu dapat tertawa, melalui tertawa akan mampu merelakskan otot-otot yang tegang. Tertawa juga melebarkan pembuluh darah sehingga memperlancaraliran darah ke seluruh tubuh. Selain itu, tertawa juga berperan dalam menurunkan kadar hormon stres epineprine dan kortisol. Jadi, bisa dikatakan bahwa tertawa merupakan teknik relaksasi yang dinamis dalam waktu singkatKata kunci: Terapi tawa, healing dan recovery, trauma pasca bencana
Reflection on Clinical Decision Science: Clinical Decision Science suggests different research questions need to be asked related to informed consent
Authors: Geddes John K
Published: April 2020

The author examines the literature relating to informed consent for early cardiac catheterization to treat Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome, and considers whether Clinical Decision Science might provide new directions for applying the clinical research literature.
From the editor: Defining the scholarship of Clinical Decision Science
Authors: Meza James P
Published: April 2020

The Editor refines the focus of the journal to a new area of scholarship, Clinical Decision Science, exploring how the complex interacting aspects of clinical care are described, understood, shared, and explained in the context of the doctor-patient relationship.
Using logistic regression for persona segmentation in tourism: A case study
Authors: Kang Rui
Published: April 2020

I introduced a method for persona segmentation in the tourism industry to identify representative subgroups with different motivations or goals. Data from 496 key opinion leaders of groups representing 7,965 travel service users were analyzed with a logistic regression model of user
characteristics and tourism motivation. I found that logistic regression is an integrated method of persona segmentation that balances precision and accuracy, and yields replicable and valid results. Three subgroups for persona segmentation based on logistic regression models are proposed.
Institutional environment and entrepreneurial intention of academics in China
Authors: Ju Wei , Zhou Xiaohu
Published: April 2020

Using the entrepreneurial event model, the theory of planned behavior, and institutional theory, we investigated the influence of 4 dimensions of the Chinese institutional environment on academics' entrepreneurial intention, and examined the moderating role of entrepreneurial selfefficacy
in this relationship. Results of our analysis of 303 university scientists across 5 representative provinces in China show that a regulatory and a cognitive environment both had a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention, whereas the effects of a normative and a conducive environment were
nonsignificant. In addition, entrepreneurial self-efficacy played a positive role in moderating the influence of regulatory and cognitive environments on entrepreneurial intention. Therefore, a systematic reconstruction of Chinese institutional policy and culture, as well as institutional
reform, are needed to enhance Chinese academics' entrepreneurial intention.
Pemetaan Karakteristik Wilayah Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Tahun 2011-2015
Authors: Suryaningtyas Nungki Hapsari , Salim Milana , Margarethy Indah
Published: April 2020

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of Arthropod-Borne Virus that causes health problems. One of the provinces that have morbidity rates above the national rates was DI Yogyakarta province, about 167.89 per 100.000 population, the number of dengue cases in 2015 in Gunungkidul Regency was 498 cases with three death cases. The study of DHF cases distribution in Gunungkidul Regency was aimed to analyze the spatial risk factors againts DHF cases in Gunungkidul Regency using geographic information system applications. This study used a secondary data sourced from the book of Profile of Gunugkidul District Health Office and the report of Gunungkidul Regency Central Bureau of Statistics in 2011-2015. The variables analyzed included the data of DHF cases per sub-district, population density, the large area, and clean water facilities with rain storage. The data served in map, each variable processed by overlaying methode using the Gis Arc program 10. The mapping results showed that the population density and large area have no effect to the incidence of DHF. All sub-districs in Gunungkidul Regency have the same risk in spreading dengue cases. Most of endemic subsdistrict area have rain storage, that means there are possibility of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus as DHF vector could thrive well in those area.

Keywords: DHF, mapping, regional characteristics, Gunungkidul

Abstrak

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan salah satu penyakit virus tular vektor yang menimbulkan masalah kesehatan. Salah satu provinsi dengan angka kesakitan di atas angka nasional adalah Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) dengan angka kesakitan sebesar 167,89 per 100.000 penduduk, jumlah kasus DBD pada tahun 2015 di Kabupaten Gunungkidul (498 kasus) dengan tiga kematian. Kajian mengenai distribusi kasus DBD di Kabupaten Gunungkidul bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko secara spasial yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian DBD di Kabupaten Gunungkidul menggunakan aplikasi sistem informasi geografis. Kajian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang bersumber dari buku Profil Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Gunugkidul dan laporan Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Gunungkidul tahun 2011-2015. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi data kasus DBD per kecamatan, kepadatan penduduk, luas wilayah, dan sarana air bersih dengan penampungan air hujan. Data disajikan dalam bentuk peta, setiap variabel disusun dengan metode overlay menggunakan program Arc Gis 10. Hasil pemetaan menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan penduduk dan luas wilayah tidak berpengaruh pada kejadian DBD. Semua kecamatan di Kabupaten Gunungkidul memiliki risiko yang sama dalam penyebaran kasus DBD. Sebagian besar Kecamatan yang endemis DBD memiliki tempat penampungan air hujan, artinya ada kemungkinan vektor DBD, baik Ae. aegypti maupun Ae.albopictus dapat berkembang baik di wilayah tersebut.

Kata kunci : DBD, pemetaan, karakteristik wilayah, Gunungkidul
Potensi Tepung Pisang Uter (Musa Acuminata) Sebagai Pangan Fungsional Untuk Menurunkan Kolesterol
Authors: Kusumawardani Hastin Dyah , Marsono Yustinus , Murdiati Agnes , Samsudin Mohamad
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Cholesterol is needed in certain concentration as to avoid health effects. Efforts to handle hypercholesterolemia can be done by utilizing the content of resistant starch in Uter bananas flour. The aim of this study was to prove the hypocholesterolemic effect of Uter Banana flour in hypercholesterolemic Spraque-Dawlwy rats. Therefore, experimental research using animals to determine the hypocholesterolemic effect of Uter banana flour was carried out for 28 days, in Spraque Dawlwy male rats aged 2 months, weighing ± 200 grams. Rats were divided into 5 treatment groups. Group I was normal rats group, group II was hypercholesterol rats without treatment, group III was hypercholesterol rats with pulp fruit flour diet, group IV was hypercholesterol rats with whole fruit flour diet, group V was hypercholesterol rats with peel fruit flour diet. Each diet contained 100 mg / kgBB. Statistical analysis showed that a diet of pulp fruit flour and whole fruit flour can reduce levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL significantly (p<0.05). Digesta characteristics differed among the treatment group and the hypercholesterolemia group without treatment (p <0.05). The whole fruit flour has ability to lower cholesterol better than pulp fruit flour, whereas, peel fruit flour has no hypocholesterolemic effects.

Keywords: hypercholesterolemia, resistant starch, Uter Banana Flou

Abstrak

Kolesterol dibutuhkan oleh tubuh dalam jumlah tertentu agar tidak membahayakan kesehatan. Upaya penanganan hiperkolesterolemia dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan kandungan pati resisten dalam pisang Uter. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuktikan efek hipokolesterolemik tepung Pisang Uter pada tikus Sprague Dawley hiperkolesterol. Untuk itu penelitian eksperimen dengan hewan coba untuk mengetahui efek hipokolesterolemik tepung pisang Uter dilakukan selama 28 hari, pada tikus Spraque Dawlwy jantan umur 2 bulan, dengan berat ± 200 gram. Tikus dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok I adalah kelompok tikus normal, kelompok II adalah tikus hiperkolesterol tanpa perlakuan, kelompok III tikus hiperkolesterol dengan diet tepung daging buah, kelompok IV adalah tikus hiperkolesterol dengan diet tepung buah utuh, kelompok V adalah tikus hiperkolesterol dengan diet tepung kulit buah, masing-masing diberikan diet 100 mg/kgBB. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa diet tepung daging buah dan tepung buah utuh dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, dan LDL secara nyata (p<0,05). Karakteristik digesta berbeda antara perlakuan dan kelompok tikus hiperkolesterol tanpa perlakuan (p<0,05).Tepung buah utuh mempunyai kemampuan menurunkan kolesterol lebih baik dibandingkan tepung daging buah. Tepung kulit buah tidak mempunyai efek hipokolesterolemik.

Kata kunci: Hiperkolesterol, pati resisten, tepung Pisang Uter
Hubungan antara Faktor Reproduksi dengan Tumor Payudara Berdasarkan Pemeriksaan Sadanis, Riset Penyakit Tidak Menular 2016
Authors: Tana Lusianawaty
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in females worldwide. It was 18% of all cancer in 2012 and was in the fourth rank of mortality caused by cancer. Factors which is still speculated as risk factors of breast cancer are reproductive factors: never pregnant, only one pregnancy, and no breastfeeding. This secondary analysis of Non Communicable Diseases Research 2016 data aims to assess the relationship between reproductive factors with breast tumor among 43,948 Indonesian women of aged 25-64 years using logistic regression analysis with 5% significance and 95% confidence interval. The results showed breast tumor was higher in women aged 35 years and over compared with under 35 years, menarche at age 7-12 years compared with 13-25 years, first childbirth at 31-35 years and 36-47 years compared with under 30 years, having less than 3 children compared with ≥ 3 children and no child or only 1 child breastfed compared with ≥ 2 children breastfed. The analysis concluded that breast tumor was related to number of child breastfed, frequency of childbirth, and late first childbirth.

Keywords: breast tumor, reproductive, risk factor, clinical breast examination

Abstrak

Kanker payudara merupakan kanker yang tersering pada perempuan di dunia yaitu 18% dari semua kasus kanker tahun 2012 dan sebagai penyebab kematian ke empat dari kematian karena kanker untuk semua jenis. Faktor risiko kanker payudara yang masih spekulasi antara lain faktor reproduksi, seperti tidak pernah hamil, hamil hanya sekali dan tidak menyusui. Analisis lanjut ini menganalisis faktor reproduksi terhadap tumor payudara pada perempuan di Indonesia dari Riset Penyakit Tidak Menular tahun 2016 dengan sampel 43.948 perempuan berusia 25-64 tahun. Data dianalisis dengan logistik regresi, tingkat kemaknaan 0,05 dan confidence interval 95%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tumor payudara meningkat 1,3 kali pada kelompok umur 35 tahun ke atas dibandingkan umur kurang dari 35 tahun, haid pertama pada umur 7-12 tahun dibandingkan dengan umur 13-25 tahun, umur melahirkan anak pertama 31-35 tahun dan 36-47 tahun dibandingkan umur kurang 30 tahun, jumlah anak kurang dari 3 orang dibandingkan 3 orang atau lebih dan tidak pernah menyusui anak/menyusui anak 1 orang dan menyusui 2 orang dibandingkan menyusui lebih dari 2 orang anak. Analisis menyimpulkan bahwa peningkatan tumor payudara berhubungan dengan banyaknya anak yang disusui, anak yang dilahirkan, dan peningkatan umur saat melahirkan anak pertama.

Kata kunci: Tumor payudara, reproduksi, faktor risiko, pemeriksaan payudara klinis
Método OCRA en diferentes sectores productivos
Authors: Dimate García Aanh Eduardo , Rodríguez Romero Diana Carolina , González Rincón Edna Yuliana , Pardo López Diana Marcela , Garibello Cubillos Yessica
Published: April 2020

Los desórdenes musculo esqueléticos (DME) son la nueva epidemia de enfermedades crónicas, son multifactoriales y afectan los diferentes sectores productivos. Aunque se encuentran múltiples instrumentos para la evaluación de la carga estática y dinámica, el OCRA (Occupational Repetitive Action) parece ser una opción atractiva. Objetivo. Realizar una búsqueda de literatura sobre el uso del método OCRA y DME en trabajadores de diversos sectores productivos (2007- 2018). Materiales y métodos. Una revisión de literatura (siguiendo la declaración PRISMA) de estudios que evaluaran el nivel de riesgo biomecánico (OCRA) y DME en las bases de datos Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, ProQuest, Gale, PubMed, Lilacs y Ebsco fue realizada, 7 estudios cumplieron con los criterios de selección; la mayoría son cuantitativos (corte transversal). Resultados. El 79% de las condiciones relacionadas con la tarea requieren exigencia física e implican movimientos repetitivos (jardinería y floricultores); la aparición de DME en espalda alta-baja, extremidades superiores e inferiores, los cuales se generan por la frecuencia de las actividades realizadas (producción de calzado); además, “riesgos muy alto” de desarrollar DME (industria del salmón) y un índice medio (OCRA) por movimientos repetitivos que requiere cuidado especial (línea de Ensamblaje en U) fueron encontrados. Conclusiones. La revisión arrojo el uso limitado del método OCRA para la detección de DME en trabajadores de diferentes sectores; y este método puede ser usado para la detección del riesgo biomecánico.