bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF TEAM ACTIVITY
Authors: Boykov Daryan , Djordjevic Stefan
Published: November 2022

The reasons for the increased use of teams to solve various problems are varied. Competitive pressure and changing markets require a constant increase in the efficiency and adaptability of economic units. Greater business flexibility is needed to be able to respond more quickly and effectively to new challenges. The provision of material needs is no longer at the forefront; much more emphasis is placed on the content of the work and the satisfaction from it. The teams create the best opportunity to solve these reconstruction tasks. Fewer errors in production, fast modeling and implementation of new, complex, service-oriented processes are achieved only when employees do not act as ordered, but because they have their own attitude and can be implemented in new structures and processes.

Teamwork skills are complex because they include communication skills, decision-making skills, ability to express opinions and defend a position, skills to plan and organize various activities, ability to comply with another's position, etc. Behind these skills are specific behaviors that can support successful teamwork. This work requires from all a different profile of competencies and behavior from that in hierarchical structures. In order for a person to deal with the already mentioned factors and to transpose the knowledge from the successful teamwork, it is necessary not only to know these factors, but also to be clear and apply them correctly in teamwork in the course of various situations and challenges. It is the changed requirements in the interpersonal behavior of managers and team members that must be taken seriously and the corresponding behaviors studied.

Effective teamwork requires tact, understanding and respect not only from the leader but also from the team members. Common understanding is the formula for pleasant and fruitful work, helps to achieve much-needed peace of mind in the workplace and increases people's desire to work, stimulates innovation and innovation, and motivates progress. Managing a team is not easy even in the most favorable times. In order for the team to work towards a common goal and to succeed in difficult situations, the leader and all team members must adhere to mandatory rules to increase the effectiveness of the team.
BALANCE OF PAYMENTS AND ITS IMPACT ON THE MONETARY POLICY
Authors: Trpeski Pavle , Korunovska Vesna , Smelcerovic Miodrag
Published: November 2022

The paper monitors the balance of payments in the Republic of North Macedonia, which determines the amount of the exchange rate through the supply and demand of foreign currency, as well as the impact of the exchange rate on the balance of payments movements. Real exchange rates are essentially equilibrium exchange rates. exchange rate that will keep the balance of payments in balance without taking measures for foreign exchange control, without pronounced inflation and deflationary tendencies and without constant expectation of monetary and foreign exchange reserves.There are several methods by which balance of payments can be established: by devaluation, by currency control and by deflation. When considering the relationship between the national currency exchange rate and the balance of payments of a national economy in terms of their interconnections, one should depart from their causal link of impacts. The exchange rate affects the balance of payments, as well as the balance of payments affects the exchange rate.The first part of the paper elaborates in detail the key activities of the balance of payments adjustment and the exchange rate adjustment, as well as their mutual impact.We use the adjustment mechanism to restore balance once the initial equilibrium has been disturbed. The payment adjustment process takes two different forms. One, under certain conditions, has adjustment factors that automatically contribute to balancing. Second, in the event that automatic adjustment fails to strike a balance, the government adopts a discretionary policy to achieve this goal
ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITIES FOR HEALTH INSURERS TO DEVELOP NEW HEALTH INSURANCES IN CONDITIONS OF A COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Iankova Natchkova Maia
Published: November 2022

The pursuit of the activity of health insurers under the conditions of global economic and health crisis due to the announced COVID-19 pandemic, of severe competition, of globalization and continuous commitment to achieve high yields from the administration of the funds of health insurers, creates conditions and prerequisites to develop new health insurances. As a result of the announced COVID-19 pandemic, health insurers are facing a serious hazard related to the liabilities they have undertaken under the health insurances. There is a large-scale occurrence of the risk assumed by health insurers in the situation of a global health crisis due to the announced COVID-19 pandemic. Generation of new ideas and views with regard to the profile of the new health insurance product; its development; the establishment of strategy for the product’s market development; the marketing tests of the product; the quality and the market potential of the product are among the main aspects for analysis of health insurer’s competitive power upon launching new health insurances products. The aim is to mitigate the large-scale occurrence rate of the health insurance risk in order to enable health insurers to flawlessly fulfil their obligations to the health-insured persons. Insurers that demonstrate financial stability, solvency and good financial performance will have better chance to succeed and survive under the new conditions of a global health and financial crisis.
CHALLENGES FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT DURING A PANDEMIC (FOLLOWING THE EXAMPLE OF SVISHTOV MUNICIPALITY, REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA)
Authors: Dimitrova Teodora
Published: November 2022

Controlling the spread of COVID-19, in a complicating epidemic situation in towns and villages, proved to be a serious challenge for local governments as well. Taking into account the lack of established practice and anticipatory theory in pandemic situations, the present study substantiates the adequacy of measures taken and activities against the spread of COVID-19 in the municipality of Svishtov. With the help of theoretical and empirical research methods, good practices of local self-government are analyzed (through observation and monitoring) and synthesized, with limited resources (including financial, human, technological, information), for all citizens to create adequate living conditions during a pandemic. Among the key priorities are: healthcare, social activities, education, economy, safe environment, public order and security, fight against misinformation, institutional partnerships, donation initiative, communication and media policy, local restrictive measures. The paper presents systematic actions and initiatives on the territory of Svishtov municipality, in accordance with the stated national priorities, the Decision of the National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria to declare a "state of emergency", the Law on Measures and Actions during the state of emergency, the Decision of the Council of Ministers on declaring an “emergency epidemic situation”, the recommendations of the National Operational Headquarters for combating the coronavirus in Bulgaria, the orders of the Minister of Health, the instructions and prescriptions of specialized competent bodies and institutions. In view of the above and the introduced anti-epidemic measures, the consequences for the local economy are also analyzed. The insurmountable event of extraordinary nature caused a negative effect on individuals and legal entities located in the municipality of Svishtov. The actions taken by the Municipality of Svishtov in connection with the prepared package of economic measures to support local businesses and citizens of the Municipality of Svishtov and to reduce the negative consequences of the pandemic were assessed. The results of the study show that the broad areas of competence and involvement of the Municipal crisis management structure, municipal administration and specialized competent authorities are a prerequisite for adequate implementation of measures under these key priorities and the lack of serious complications in the epidemic situation in the municipality Svishtov. The implemented activities against the spread of COVID-19 on the territory of Svishtov municipality are in accordance with the applicable national and regional policy. The package of economic measures is an adequate tool to support local businesses and citizens of Svishtov municipality, and to reduce the negative consequences of the pandemic.
THE PROJECT AS AN ORGANIZATIONAL TOOL
Authors: Djordjevic Sasha , Milenkovic Milica
Published: November 2022

Projects are targeted initiatives limited in time and resources. From an organizational point of view,effective projects are often those that offer measures and potential solutions to the problems the organization hasfaced. They can provide the organization with tools to create new products or services, or find ways to improvecurrent practice in the context of a particular framework and the specific resources available.The projects that an organization develops should be closely linked to its strategic planning. The more a projectfocuses on research in a specific area or on finding answers to specific questions arising from strategic analysis, themore valuable it will be. Thus, although at the functional level it may seem outside the typical structure of theorganization, the project can directly contribute to its further development.Effective project management can benefit an organization by helping to increase its prosperity. When companies cananticipate problems, adjust tasks, and improve internal communication, the entire organization can benefit. There areother additional benefits of project management - reduced costs and greater efficiency; predictable project results;reduced response time to the problem; improved communication with customers and stakeholders; improved productquality; greater control of budgets and finances; improving decision-making; greater morale and focus on teammembers.Project management can deliver benefits to organizations of all sizes, allowing teams to increase the quality ofresults in a way that is sensitive to costs and organizational deadlines. Recent economic developments have led morecompanies to pursue project management as a way to reduce costs and increase both profit and project quality
A Review of Sustainable Tourism Curriculum on Higher Education
Authors: Septyandi Chandra Budhi , Prawira Mega Fitriani Adiwarna
Published: November 2022

Global researchers have widely carried out publications on the tourism curriculum. The issue of sustainable tourism has been agreed upon as a platform for the development of world tourism. This study was conducted by studying reputable scientific articles on the tourism curriculum by connecting the two perspectives. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach in the 2017-2022 scientific article, it was found that there are various pedagogical approaches to delivering sustainable tourism materials in universities. Student-based learning techniques were the determining factors for learning success, supported by the strategic partnership of higher education institutions with the tourism industry. Sustainable tourism learning in higher education was a long-term investment in tourism's human resources to realize tourism that can balance business, ecological and social benefits in the present and future.
How to Sustain Visitors’ Interest during The Crisis: The Case Study of Pangandaran Beach
Authors: Sitorus Ribka Nauli , Andrianto Tomy , Chendraningrum Dinarsiah
Published: November 2022

Pangandaran, one of Indonesia's well-known tourist destinations, has never been vacant when allowed to visit, even during the COVID-19 Pandemic. This study aims to understand the factors that that sustain visitors' interest in Pangandaran during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Qualitative description was used in this study by conducting semi-structured interviews with eleven visitors visiting Pangandaran during a pandemic. This study found five main factors that sustained visitors' interest in visiting Pangandaran during the Pandemic. First is the internal factor in traveling to the beach, longing for the atmosphere and nature of Pangandaran. Second is the distance, and the third is the popularity of Pangandaran. Four factors are the destination's affordable facilities, such as hotels and Restaurants. Last is the strategic location of the west and east coast meet at the same destination. Those five factors accumulated a strong power that sustains visitor's interest in visiting Pangandaran even in crises such as Pandemic Covid-19.
NEW MARKERS FOR DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (review)
Authors: Teslenko Oleksandra , Tovazhnyanska Olena
Published: November 2022

The article presents modern approaches about the diagnosis of brain damage and the development of cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurodegenerative changes are considered, which take place in the early stages of the disease and play an important role in the formation of irreversible neurological deficits. Cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis is quite common, but they are not always noticed, but they significantly reduce patients' quality of life. The article describes the possibilities of neuroimaging methods to identify structural changes in the parts of the brain responsible for cognitive functions. The importance of brain neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as a promising biomarker of multiple sclerosis is presented. Further study of BDNF remains interesting, which will allow to develop algorithms for early diagnosis and prediction of disease progression, that will provide an opportunity to deepen the understanding of the place of BDNF in the pathomorphological chain of nervous system damage in multiple sclerosis.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY DATA OF LUNG AFFECTION IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 WITH THOSE OF PANDEMIC INFLUENZA A/H1N1
Authors: Yurko Kateryna , Katsapov Dmytro , Bondarenko Andriy , Kulchin Volodymir , Chiriukina Olha
Published: November 2022

Influenza viruses, in particular A ‒ A(H3N2) and A(H1N1)pdm09, as well as influenza B virus, mainly (98%) of the B/Victoria line, continue to circulate during the current epidemic season. The level of influenza vaccination remains low, about 0.6% of the population of Ukraine, and among occupational and epidemiological risk groups ‒ 22.8%, according to the Public Health Centre of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. In the COVID-19 pandemic, simultaneous circulation of influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2 can lead to difficulties in differential diagnosis and treatment. Comparison of clinical and laboratory features of severe influenza complicated by pneumonia caused by pandemic influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09 in the epidemic season of 2015/2016 Kharkiv RCIDH with COVID-19 on clinical and laboratory data was the aim of the work. Patients and research methods. The analysis of clinical symptoms and laboratory examination data of 19 patients with influenza complicated by community-acquired pneumonia of clinical group IV who were treated at the Kharkiv Regional Hospital and their comparison with those of patients with COVID-19 according to the literature. Results and discussion. Among the studied patients, men predominated ‒ 12 persons (63.2%) aged 50.68±11.95 years. The predominant number had concomitant diseases. At the beginning of the disease, moderate weakness, headache, fever, minor catarrhal phenomena and, as a result, delayed hospitalization prevailed. From 3‒4 days of the disease the condition significantly worsened, shortness of breath and cyanosis joined. Typical initial symptoms of COVID-19 are fever of varying degrees (73%), unproductive cough (59%) and shortness of breath or shortness of breath. Conclusions. In patients with COVID-19 and severe influenza, a more acute onset of the disease was reported, with moderate weakness, headache and fever up to 38°C and symptoms of pharyngitis. Influenza patients often show a delay in seeking medical attention and hospitalization for 6.21±1.46 days of illness. The severity of the disease in influenza is due to the accession of community-acquired pneumonia, in contrast to COVID-19, where the typical features are diffuse, mostly subpleural lung affection. Vaccination of people at risk before the start of the epidemic season is necessary to prevent severe complications of influenza caused by the pandemic virus A(H1N1)pdm09 in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords: influenza, pneumonia, COVID-19, diagnosis.
CURRENT ISSUES OF RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS AND SMOKING (review)
Authors: Butova Tetiana , Tkachenko Anton , Butov Dmytro
Published: November 2022

Tuberculosis and smoking are among the most pressing issues in the modern health care system in the world. Tuberculosis patients who smoke are confirmed to have reduced the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis therapy, unsatisfactory prognosis of a specific disease, higher risk of treatment failure and mortality from this disease. Diseases such as HIV and alcoholism increase ineffective treatment in tobacco smokers. In addition, smoking leads to increased virulence of the causative agent of tuberculosis - Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
MODERN VIEW ON CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN PREGNANT (review)
Authors: Lazurenko V.V. , Bilyi Y.Y. , Liashchenko O.A. , Ovcharenko O.B. , Borzenko I.B.
Published: November 2022

Disorders in the fetoplacental complex of pregnant women with chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) is one of the actual problems of modern obstetrics in medical, economic and social aspects. Respiratory diseases in the context of disorders of the fetoplacental complex (FPC) may be a comorbid process, a background to the pathology of pregnancy, or a premorbid condition that contributes to the development of placental dysfunction (PD) or even initiates it; morphophysiological changes characteristic of pregnancy also affect the state of the respiratory system, moderating the course of bronchoobstructive pathology. The presence of respiratory diseases in women, the impact of its treatment and features of the course and medical support of pregnancy in these conditions affect the condition of both the woman and the fetus, and in the future - the physical and neuropsychological development of the child.
Handwashing Education for Students at SDN CIMANGANTEN I Due To Prevent Covid-19
Authors: Hamdani Siva , Novianti Aan , Khofifah Paula , Apionita Sagita , Nurhasanah Santi
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Covid-19 has been declared a pandemic that has spread to almost all countries in the world. One of the recommended precautions is washing hands with soap, because the Covid Virus can last a long time sticking to objects. Children are vulnerable to contracting Covid-19, children are individuals who are actively moving and need assistance when playing in a pandemic situation so they are not infected. This community service activity aims to increase students' knowledge and understanding of washing hands with soap to cut the spread of the virus and other diseases. The activity was carried out with live demonstrations and the distribution of educational videos on WHO's 6 steps hand washing method. The target of the activity was 30 students of SDN Cimanganten I. The analysis was carried out on the understanding questionnaire before and after education with a pair of T test assisted by SPSS software and a significance result of 0.000 was obtained which indicated that there was a significant effect on hand washing education (6 WHO steps) on the understanding of SDN Cimanganten I students.

Keywords: Hand washing, Covid-19, Education.

Abstrak

Covid-19 telah ditetapkan sebagai pandemik yang telah menyebar hampir ke seluruh negara di dunia . Salah satu pencegahan yang direkomendasikan adalah mencuci tangan dengan sabun, karena Virus Covid dapat bertahan lama menempel pada benda. Anak-anak termasuk rentan tertular Covid-19, anak-anak merupakan individu yang aktif bergerak dan memerlukan pendampingan saat bermain di situasi pandemi supaya tidak tertular.Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman siswa terhadap cuci tangan pakai sabun agar memutus penyebaran virus dan penyakit lainnya. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan demonstrasi langsung dan penyebaran video edukasi cara cuci tangan 6 langkah WHO. Sasaran kegiatan adalah siswa SDN Cimanganten I sebanyak 30 orang. Analisa dilakukan terhadap kuisioner pemahaman sebelum dan sesudah edukasi dengan pair T test yang dibantu software SPSS dan diperoleh hasil signifikansi 0,000 yang menunjukan bahwa adanya pengaruh yang bermakna edukasi mencuci tangan (6 langkah WHO) yang dilakukan terhadap pemahaman siswa SDN Cimanganten I.

Kata Kunci: Cuci tangan, Covid-19, Edukasi.
L Learning Motivation Development of Elementary Students’s in Sukarame Village-Garut at COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Alawiyah Aika Latifah , Reporma Cindy , Nurohmah Mia , Riki Muhammad , Pastira Siti Julia
Published: November 2022

At the end of 2019 to the beginning of 2020 the world experienced an extraordinary event, especially in the health sector, in the form of a viral pandemic that attacked globally. This virus is thought to have first appeared in China, precisely in the city of Wuhan, and is thought to have originated from fish and animal markets in the area. At the beginning of its appearance, WHO temporarily named it as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), then WHO announced a new name, namely Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) which is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) virus. This is the basis of the problem in encouraging community service activities so that they can actively participate in efforts to prevent COVID-19. The purpose of this online learning spirit development activity is to prevent the spread of Covid-19 which is increasingly happening in Indonesia, so that students can learn well. The method used during this activity is in the form of directly assisting the student learning process by complying with health protocols and assisting online learning. As a result of the learning assistance activities, there has been a significant change from the habits of the surrounding community where stundest are more enthusiastic about learning and no confusion in doing assignments online.
the EDUCATION AND ANTICIPATION USING RELATED TO THE COVID-19 PLACE FOR THE COMMUNITY OF TAROGONG VILLAGE, KECAMATAN TAROGONG KIDUL, KABUPATEN GARUT, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Yanti Novi
Published: November 2022

This time, this community service aims to anticipate and educate the public regarding the COVID-19 outbreak which is currently attacking the entire world. The method used is in the form of counseling and data collection of people affected and not affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. Programs that are carried out online as well as giving PPE directly. Data collection is carried out by discussing the village head and staff in the village. The target of this service is the Tarogong Village Community, Tarogong Kidul District, Garut Regency, West Java. The result of this service, the community understands and understands what to pay attention to to overcome the COVID-19 outbreak and how to anticipate the COVID-19 outbreak.
Education of the People of Srimenanti Village Through Print and Social Media During The COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Adisyahputra Adisyahputra , Mahardika Robby Gus
Published: November 2022

The spread of the corona virus is increasingly widespread in several areas of Indonesia including the province of the Bangka Belitung Islands. One area that is very strategic and often traversed by people that may be exposed to the spread of the corona virus is Srimenanti Village, Bangka Regency. Therefore, community service activities were carried out in Srimenanti Village which aims to educate the public about COVID-19 through social media and printed media. This activity is assisted by the team of Real Work Lectures (KKN) Universitas Bangka Belitung 2020. Education is carried out using printed media in the form of posters and banners as well as virtual media in the form of videos which are distributed to the people of Srimenanti Village and distributed through social media. The result of this activity is an increase in public understanding and awareness regarding the prevention and handling of COVID-19.
The pandemic and the PNPV 2017-19. Are vaccinations in the hearts of diabetologists? The AMD 2022 survey
Authors: Clerico, A.
Published: November 2022

The 2017-2019 National Vaccine Prevention Plan has updated the vaccination offer of the S.S.N./S.S.R. for those affected by certain diseases as well as defining the vaccination schedule for the general population. As we know, vaccines are among the interventions with the lowest cost and the best results that can be implemented to improve personal and community health. Chronic diseases, such as diabetes, are associated with an increased incidence of many infections and a greater severity and/or frequency of complications related to these diseases. The recent pandemic has highlighted how vaccination coverage can prevent serious complications in people with chronic diseases and comorbidities. This important preventive shield was partly undermined by the reduction in vaccination coverage due to a rampant phenomenon called “vaccine hesitancy”, i.e. a delay in joining or a r efusal of vaccination. This phenomenon is largely caused by low health literacy, disinformation and / or conspiracy campaigns that suggest that vaccination is a medical practice of unproven scientific safety and with obscure purposes. AMD launched, 3 years after the previous survey, a second survey to understand if Italian diabetologists had changed their attitudes towards vaccinations. The results clarify how, even if vaccinations are not the “core business” of our work, we are on the whole very favourable to vaccinations but with a strong demand for training, improvement of work organization, and support in order to better help our patients to join the PNPV. KEY WORDS vaccines; diabetes mellitus; prevention.
Non-insulin therapy in diabetic inpatients: SGLT2- inhibitors and incretins for the care of hospitalized patients
Authors: Brunori, G.
Published: November 2022

Hyperglycemia is a common event in hospitalized patients and it is an independent marker of morbidity and mortality in both critically and non-critically ill patients. Maintaining a good glycemic control in the hospital setting improves patient outcomes and reduce costs of hospitalization. The insulin therapy has so far been the main hypoglycemic treatment used in the hospital setting, but it requires trained healthcare personnel and can determine a non-negligible risk of hypoglycemia. In the recent years the use of hypoglycemic drugs with innovative mechanisms of action, such as glycosurics (the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, SGLT2-i) and incretinomimetics (the agonists of the glucagon - like peptide - 1, GLP-1 RA, and dipeptidyl-peptidase IV inhibitors, DPP4-I) has increased in diabetic outpatient care. Nowadays the use of these drugs is recommended by the most recent guidelines on the management of diabetes for the notable advantages in terms of cardiovascular safety and efficacy. However, there are still few data available on their use in inpatients that could support their adoption in routine clinical practice. A wider consumption of these drugs could notably reduce the need for insulin therapy in hospital, even if it is important to consider possible side effects and availability in the hospital formulary. The purpose of this review is to analyze data from the international literature on possible indications and limitations of glycosurics and incretinomimetics in the hospital setting, particularly regard safety and tolerability in some specific contexts. We can conclude that it is reasonable to propose the use of glycosurics and incretinomimetics in non-critical patients with specific comorbidities DPP4-I in elderly and frail patients or with renal insufficiency; GLP1-RA in patients in secondary prevention or with high cardiovascular risk; SGLT2-i in patients with heart failure. KEY WORDS diabetes; inpatient; therapy; incretinomimetics; glycosurics.
A Novel Attack Identification Mechanism in IoT-Based Converter-Composed DC Grids
Authors: Gong Sicheng , Dragicevic Tomislav , Mijatovic Nenad , Zhang Zhe
Published: November 2022

This paper proposes a novel attack identification mechanism for internet-of-things-based (IoT-based) converter-composed DC grids, where each agent collects its own and neighbours' measurement data for output regulation to meet a preceding power-sharing consensus. Independent from model-free or average-model-based attack detection theories, this mechanism is mainly inspired by converter stitching behavior analysis. Correspondingly, when facing latent signal substitution or agent instigation attacks, through comparing estimated signals with received ones for signal source authentication, both self-sensors and neighbours will be inspected. Eventually, not only can such attacks be detected, but also will respective attack sources be identified. A simulation case of 4-agent 800V IoT-based DC grid on Simulink and a hardware case of 3-agent 90V IoT-based DC grid on dSpace testing platform were investigated. Experimental results revealed that the estimation ratio error kept lower than 3.9% and all attacks were successfully identified, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism. 
A Trustworthy View on XAI Method Evaluation
Authors: LI DING , Liu Yan , Huang Jun , Wang Zerui
Published: November 2022

As the demand grows to develop end-user trust in AI models, practitioners start to build and configure customized XAI (Explainable Artificial Intelligence) methods. The challenge is the lack of systematic evaluation of the newly proposed XAI method. As a result, it limits the confidence of XAI explanation in practice. In this paper, we follow a process of XAI method development and define two metrics in terms of consistency and efficiency in guiding the evaluation of trustworthy explanations. We demonstrate the development of a new XAI method in feature interactions called Mean-Centroid Preddiff, which analyzes and explains the feature importance order by a clustering algorithm. Following the process, we perform cross-validation on Mean-Centroid Preddiff with existing XAI methods. They show comparable consistency and gain in computation efficiency. The practice helps to adopt the core activities in the trustworthy evaluation of a new XAI method with rigorous cross-validation on consistency and efficiency.
Recognition of the condition of construction materials using small datasets and handcrafted features
Authors: Mengiste Eyob , de Soto Borja Garcia , Hartmann Timo
Published: November 2022

We propose using handcrafted features extracted from small datasets to classify the conditions of the construction materials. We hypothesize that features such as the color, roughness, and reflectance of a material surface can be used to identify details of the material. To test the hypothesis, we have developed a pre-trained model to classify material conditions based on reflectance, roughness and color features extracted from image data collected in a controlled (lab) environment. The knowledge learned in the pre-trained model is finally transferred to classify material conditions from a construction site (i.e., an uncontrolled environment). To demonstrate the proposed method, 80 data points were produced from the images collected under a controlled environment and used to develop a pre-trained model. The pre-trained model was re-trained to adapt to the real construction environment using 33 new data points generated through a separate process using images collected from a construction site. The pre-trained model achieved 93%; after retraining the model with the data from the actual site, the accuracy had a small decrease as expected, but still was promising with an 83% accuracy.
A STUDY ON EFFECTS OF EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATION ON STOCK RETURNS; EVIDENCE FROM COLOMBO STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Sujenthini. S  , Wijesinghe. N
Published: November 2022

The objective of this study is to empirically investigate the effects of exchange rate volatility on stock market return volatility from listed companies in Sri Lanka. This study utilizes daily time series data for the All Share Price Index (ASPI) returns of the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) and exchange rates over a period of seven years from January 2011 to December 2017. Further, the study utilizes the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) estimation model in order to identify the impact of exchange rate volatility on stock market return. The empirical results of the study reveal that the volatility of Euro, Japan Yen, and US Dollars exchange rates has a positive and significant impact on ASPI return. Overall, the finding of the study highlight that exchange rate volatility is a determinant of stock market return volatility. The findings from this research could provide relevant insights into Sri Lankan listed companies.
KEYWORDS: Exchange rate, Stock return, GARCH
EXPRESSION OF SYNAPTOFYSIN AND VEGF IN THE SENSOMOTOR CORTEX DURING THE CAROTID ARTERY LIGATION, THE BRAIN ANTIGEN SENSITIZATION AND THEIR COMBINATIONS
Authors: Grabovoy Alexandr , Yaremenko Lilya , Shepelev Sergey
Published: November 2022

The aim: To study changes of the expression of synaptophysin (Syn) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in neurons of the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) to reveal after unilateral ligation of the carotid artery, sensitization with brain antigen and their combination.
Materials and methods: Experimental animals – Wistar rats (260-290 g). Experimental models: mobilization of the left common carotid artery, ligation of the indicated artery, sensitization with cerebral antigen, combination of sensitization with cerebral antigen and ligation of the carotid artery. Methods: immunohistochemistry, quantitative densitometric assessment.
Results: Dyscirculatory disorders of cerebral blood supply during unilateral mobilization or ligation of the common carotid artery, sensitization with cerebral antigen lead in rats to a transient decrease in synaptophysin expression and phase changes in VEGF expression in the SMC from the lesion side. These changes occur in the absence of morphological changes in the cerebral cortex.
Conclusions: The absence of morphological changes in the SMC in the short term (10-30 days) after minor trauma to the common carotid artery (separation from the bed and n.vagus) or its ligation is accompanied by a transient decrease in Syn expression and some increase in VEGF, which may reflect a violation of synaptic function and the general metabolic activity of neurons. Sensitization with a brain antigen, leading to an increase in the level of anti-brain antibodies and immune complexes in the blood of rats, can act as an independent damaging factor for the brain, and also potentiates and prolongs changes caused by impaired blood circulation.
CHRONIC PAIN AND PHYSICAL THERAPY IN CHILDREN WITH PARALYTIC SYNDROMES: ARE THERE ANY CHANGES DURING LOCKDOWN?
Authors: Orlova Natalia , Riga Olena , Ishchenko Tatiana , Onikiienko Оlexander , Omelchenko Olena , Urivaeva Marina , Alenina Inna
Published: November 2022

The aim: To evaluate an influence of physical therapy on chronic pain in children with paralytic’s syndrome and to maternal emotional status on lockdown time during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and methods: Data from 96 children and their mothers (96 persons) were included in the study. On-site services of physical therapists before the pandemic (2018- 2019) were received by 64 children and by 32 children during quarantine measures due to COVID-19 pandemic (2020). The age of the children ranged from 1 to 6 years, the median age was 3 years and 3 months.
Results: We note that there were more boys with paralytic syndromes. Among the leading paralytic syndromes, the most common was spastic tetraparesis. The frequency of children with level III–V motor disorders prevailed.
Conclusions: The authors consider that physical rehabilitation in children with paralytic syndromes reduces the incidence of moderate chronic pain and improves the emotional state of parents. But, these changes do not occur during the pandemic.
FEATURES OF THE COMORBID COURSE OF CHRONIC PANCREATITIS AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Filippova Oleksandra , Krivoshey Volodymyr
Published: November 2022

The aim: To investigate the clinical features of the chronic pancreatitis (CP) clinical course in patients with concomitant arterial hypertension.
Materials and methods: 100 patients with PD were investigated. In 60 patients, the course of CP and AH was combined - the main group, the comparison group - 40 patients with CP without concomitant pathology.
Results: In 52 patients (86.7%) with CP and AH abdominal pain was recorded versus 24 (60.0%) with CP (p<0.01). Correlation analysis revealed weak relationship between the intensity of pain acc. Visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain and the degree of steatorrhea (τ = 0.40, p <0.01), the degree of amilorrhea (τ = 0.39, p <0.01) and the average strength of the relationship with creatorrhoea (τ = 0.60 , p <0.01). Dyspepsia was revealed in CP and AH: flatulence in 55 (91.7%) compared with 26 (65.0%) with CP, diarrhea in 52 (86.7%) patients in the main group versus 23 (57.5%) in the comparison group, nausea in 52 (86.7%), vomiting in 45 (75.0%) in the main group versus 18 (45.0%) and 12 (30.0%) patients from the comparison group (p<0.01 in all comparisons). Asthenia is expressed in patients with CP and AH: weakness in 50 (83.3%) patients versus 6 (15.0%), psychoemotional lability in 44 (73.3%) versus 3 (7.5%), headache in 47 (78.3%) versus 6 (15.0%), sleep disorders in 45 (75.0%) compared with 1 (2.5%) patients with CP (p<0.01 in all comparisons).
Conclusions: The negative effect of concomitant hypertension on the clinical course of CP has been established. AH contributes to increased pain syndrome, dyspepsia, asthenia.
Navegando entre Escila y Caribdis. Los objetivos de Desarrollo sostenible tras la COVID 19
Authors: Sánchez Chaparro Teresa
Published: November 2022

Aunque en muchos casos no se dispone todavía de datos ni perspectiva para apreciar el efecto que ha tenido la COVID-19 sobre los ODS, la pandemia parece haber impactado de forma muy importante en las tres dimensiones de la sostenibilidad: económica, social y ambiental. En este trabajo se ha presentado una síntesis que pretende mostrar la posible influencia de la pandemia sobre la Agenda 2030. Estos efectos parecen en general negativos, aunque podrían haberse derivado también consecuencias positivas, como la aceleración de la digitalización en ciertos sectores, una mejor calidad del aire o un cambio positivo hacia hábitos más sostenibles.

De cualquier manera, el análisis del nivel de cumplimiento de los ODS refleja que el ritmo actual de avance es claramente insuficiente y que, más allá de la coyuntura pandémica, existen dificultades estructurales en la Agenda que deben abordarse. Se propone que uno de los ejes del problema se sitúa en la tensión entre la necesidad de abordar los ODS de manera integral y sistémica- debido a su naturaleza altamente compleja e inter-relacionada- y la necesidad al mismo tiempo de enfocar los esfuerzos y priorizar las actuaciones. El enfoque de “misiones” y la colaboración multiactor organizada en torno a plataformas enfocadas a estas misiones se presenta como una prometedora vía de avance.
El impacto de la pandemia sobre la pobreza
Authors: Ayala Cañón Luis , Jurado Antonio , Pérez Mayo Jesús
Published: November 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el impacto de la pandemia sobre distintas situaciones de pobreza, que incluyen caracterizaciones de esta que van más allá de su habitual consideración como un fenómeno relativo y monetario. Se revisan distintas bases de datos que permiten informar sobre tres aproximaciones distintas a la pobreza: monetaria y relativa, privación material y carencia de ingresos. Los resultados muestran que la situación ha empeorado especialmente en los hogares que ya partían de una situación más desfavorable antes de la pandemia.
Bienestar psicológico en el confinamiento por la pandemia COVID-19: el relevante papel
de la resiliencia
Authors: Sarriá Encarnación , Recio Patricia , Molero Fernando
Published: November 2022

La pandemia de la COVID-19 llevó aparejadas medidas gubernamentales de restricción de la actividad y la interacción social, con consecuencias negativas para el bienestar psicológico de la población. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las relaciones del espacio vital (tamaño de la vivienda/nº convivientes) y el nivel de estudios de los participantes, con su bienestar psicológico en confinamiento, así como el papel mediador de la resiliencia en estas relaciones. El estudio se realizó en los momentos del confinamiento severo de la población española (abril del 2020). 507 adultos contestaron un cuestionario en línea. El modelo puesto a prueba mediante path analyisis presentó un buen ajuste. Los resultados informaron de las relaciones del espacio vital y el nivel de estudios con la resiliencia, que a su vez estaba relacionada con el bienestar psicológico (relación positiva con la satisfacción vital e inversa con el malestar psicológico), revelando el papel mediador de la resiliencia en estas relaciones. Los hallazgos informan de la relación de dos factores sociodemográficos con el bienestar psicológico en la situación de confinamiento; pero, sobre todo, ponen de manifiesto la relevancia de la resiliencia como factor interviniente y cuyo fortalecimiento podría ayudar a una mejor adaptación psicológica durante la pandemia.
Las finanzas públicas y el estado del bienestar después de la pandemia
Authors: López i Casasnovas Guillem
Published: November 2022

Pretendo en este texto responder a la cuestión a la que me dirige el editor de este número Monográfico. Para ello repaso los efectos de la crisis pandémica en su reflejo en las finanzas públicas y me atrevo a proponer como campos de interés para el análisis de lo que pueda ser la evolución del Estado del Bienestar en atención a tres
ámbitos: (i) el de la conexión de bienestar con el mercado de trabajo y la economía en general. Tanto la desigualdad a combatir como los niveles de renta van a depender de la ocupación y del trabajo de mayor o menor calidad que se cree, de modo que el Workfare ahora más que nunca ha de acompañar las políticas de Welfare; (ii) a cómo las
nuevas necesidades sociales se están moviendo con la longevidad, en lo que atañe al factor implícito de la soledad y el aislamiento; y (iii) los efectos de las dos cuestiones anteriores (esperanza de vida y nuevas ocupaciones) en losequilibrios generacionales del bienestar, por lo que atañe sobre todo a la fiscalidad y la redistribución.
La nueva normalidad: retos y experiencias innovadoras en la gestión institucional del trabajo del IABS en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: Assad Luís Tadeu , Sawyer Eric J. , Volpato Curi Melissa , Jordão de Paiva Leonardo , de Almeida Soares Alexsandra Maria , Quiñones Triana Yago
Published: November 2022

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de las experiencias, reflexiones y decisiones que forman parte de un proyecto participativo interno, realizado en el Instituto Brasileño de Desarrollo y Sostenibilidad, el IABS (organización del Tercer Sector del Brasil), que se propuso aportar respuestas ágiles y adecuadas a su entorno de trabajo, a partir de una evaluación sobre las condiciones inéditas que surgieron con la pandemia del Covid-19. La investigación, realizada en diferentes fases, tuvo como objetivo conocer los cambios en la dinámica de trabajo en el contexto del teletrabajo; el impacto de esta modalidad de trabajo en el plano personal, profesional y ambiental; los ajustes en la dinámica institucional, así como las consecuencias en la eficacia de las acciones y proyectos del Instituto. A partir de los resultados iniciales, se elaboró un análisis institucional, que dio lugar a una propuesta de tipología de formas de compromiso del equipo. Se abrió entonces un espacio de participación, “Canal Abierto”, para recibir retroalimentación sobre los resultados parciales alcanzados y, finalmente, se generó una propuesta de reconfiguración de las modalidades de trabajo (rutinas, espacio físico, metodologías) para hacer frente a la Nueva Normalidad, contexto social que se configura después de la pandemia.
Efecto de la pandemia de la COVID-19 sobre los ingresos económicos y seguridad alimentaria en refugiados y migrantes de Venezuela en Lima, Perú
Authors: Vargas Vásquez Alejandro , Arias Antón América
Published: November 2022

Perú es el segundo país en el mundo, receptor de migrantes de Venezuela con aproximadamente 1,2 millones de personas. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la situación socioeconómica de personas migrantes de Venezuela que residen en Lima Metropolitana en el contexto de la tercera ola de la pandemia de COVID-19. Se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo y descriptivo a través de encuestas ultisectoriales vía telefónica. Los principales resultados fueron: las familias están integradas entre una a nueve personas; el 59% viven en condiciones de hacinamiento; el ingreso familiar mensual es de S/ 1067,3 (€ 246,6); el gasto mensual en alimentos es de S/ 470,9 (€ 108,80) el porcentaje de familias con inseguridad alimentaria es de
70,5; encontrándose 32,2% en inseguridad alimentaria severa y el empleo es principalmente informal. Al comparar los resultados con la situación prepandemia, se observa que la pandemia de la COVID-19 tiene un impacto negativo en esta población, precarizando las viviendas que habitan, reduciendo sus ingresos
económicos y empeorando las estrategias de afrontamiento para conseguir alimentos. En este contexto, se hacen necesarias intervenciones orientadas a mejorar el empleo, acceso a una vivienda segura y también al acceso y consumo de alimentos en especial para los grupos etarios más vulnerables.