bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Altitudinal and Seasonal Variation in Soil Humic Acid and Fulvic Acid in Upper Yamauna Forests, garhwal himalayas
Authors: Dimri B. , Kotiyal Parul , Bala N.
Published: November 2021

A study was conducted in Upper Yamuna Forests of Garhwal Himalayas to determine the humic and fulvic acid carbon status at different altitudes and seasons. The Humic and Fulvic acid carbon contents increased with increasing altitude. Humic and Fulvic acid carbon showed highly significant positive correlation at all altitudes and seasons and significant negative correlation for soil depth. In general, the soils at different altitudes are well supplied with humic and fulvic acid carbon, the most important component of healthy fertile soil. Humic and fulvic acid also play a vital role in the improved nutrient uptake of plants by acting like a carrier of nutrients and also by unlocking previously unattainable nutrients for the plants. Another important role of humic and fulvic acid is its ability to stimulate microbial activity in the soil. Humic and fulvic acid provides a necessary carbon based food source for which the microbes to thrive on. Soil microbes are also important in improving the structure of the soil. Soil microorganisms will break down organic matter in the soil, thus building more humus and adding to the porosity of the soil, which can aid in aeration and water retention. Humic and fulvic acid carbon associated with the soil of high altitudes is higher than at lower altitudes. This may be low temperature conditions coupled with good hydrated environment which support to healthy growth of Abies pindrow- Picea smithiana and Quercus leucotrichophora- Q. floribunda oak forests at higher altitude.
Evaluating Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration Potential of Tree Species in Subtropical and Humid forest of Brahmaputra Valley, Assam
Authors: Gogoi Sabi , Hussain M.
Published: November 2021

Soil organic carbon sequestration potential of different tree was analyzed in every year. Five years after plantation average soil organic carbon was recorded highest under fast growing non legume trees (1.82 %) followed by medium growing (1.72 %) and then slow growing (1.60 %). SOC sequestration potential of legume tree species was significantly lower. It was 1.80 % under fast growing legumes, 1.58 % in medium growing and 1.55 % in slow growing legume trees. On individual comparison of non legume trees, Anthocephalus chinensis found to sequester more (1.98%) carbon as soil organic carbon followed by Trewia nudiflora (1.66%), Alstonia scholaris (1.62%) and Lagerstroemia.speciosa (1.57%). Lowest soil organic carbon sequestration was found under Chukrasia. tabularis (1.26%). No significant difference was observed in SOC sequestration potential between Dipterocarpus retusus, Artocarpus chaplasha, Ficus hispida, Mallotus albus, Litsea nitida, Castanopsis indica, Taphrosia candida, Albizzia procera and A. lebbek.
Seed Germination and storage behavior of Pittosporum eriocarpum Banks. ex Gaertn.: An endemic species of North-West Himalaya
Authors: Joshi Bhavana , Panwar Giriraj , Ambrish Kumar
Published: November 2021

Pittosporum eriocarpum Banks. ex Gaertn. (Pittosporaceae) is an endemic and threatened species of the North-West Himalaya and locally known as Agni. In this study the seed viability, seed germination and storage behavior of seeds was studied stored at different temperature. Maximum viability was reported in fresh seeds (98.21%) while the maximum germination percentage (87.11%) was observed in 6-months old seeds stored in refrigerator (polythene). Application of Gibberellic acid has improved the seed germination (54.13%) and to overcome the morpho-physiological dormancy of the seed to an extent.
Forestry Research in Mine Reclamation in India: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Singh Sanjay
Published: November 2021

Minerals greatly influence the economic growth of any country. However, extensive mining can adversely affect the natural environment in the form of loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, contamination of surface and ground water. Therefore, restoration and reclamation of mined sites become priority areas of intervention. This review paper deals with history, current status and priorities of forestry research in the area of mine reclamation in India. The foresters need to align their activities in line with the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration during 2021-2030.
The Effect of Big Five Factors of Personality on Compulsive Buying: The Mediating Role of Consumer Negative Emotions
Authors:   Raya High Institute for Management and Foreign Trade, New Damietta, Egypt, Shemeis Mohamed , Asad Talaat ,   Faculty of Commerce, Mansoura University, Egypt, Attia Samaa ,   Head of Business Administration Department and Vice-Dean of Post Graduate Studies and Research, Faculty of Commerce, Suez University, Egypt
Published: November 2021

This study has examined the direct effect of Big Five Factors of personality (BFF) which include (Neuroticism, Agreeableness, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience) on Compulsive Buying (CB). Besides, examining the mediating effect of Consumer Negative Emotions (CNE) in the relationship between Big Five Factors of personality (BFF) and Compulsive Buying (CB). The questionnaire for the study was adapted from earlier established scales and measures which were based on five points Likert Scale. The study was concentrated on shopping malls’ customers in North Delta (Egypt). The study used a sample size of 384 and data was collected randomly using systematic random sampling. 314 questionnaires were valid for statistical analysis and free of missing data were retrieved with a response rate of 81.7%. Smart PLS-SEM3 software was used for data analysis. The results showed that there is a significant positive effect of Neuroticism on compulsive buying. While the results indicated that Extraversion has a significant negative effect on compulsive buying. Also, the results found that Conscientiousness has a significant negative effect on compulsive buying. While Agreeableness and Openness to Experience hadn’t had any effect on compulsive buying. As for the mediating effect of Consumer Negative Emotions, the results mentioned that Consumer Negative Emotions has a partial mediation in the relationship between Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Conscientiousness, and Compulsive Buying. While Consumer Negative Emotions fully mediated the relationship between Openness to Experience and Compulsive Buying. But there was no mediation for Consumer Negative Emotions in the relationship between Agreeableness and Compulsive Buying.
A synoptic and thermodynamic analysis for forecasting of squalls at Agartala
Authors: PHUKAN RANJAN , KUMAR RAKESH , CHANDA M. , DAS RANA , SAHA D.
Published: November 2021

Thunderstorms accompanied with squalls cause a serious damage in Agartala and its neighbouring areas in the pre-monsoon season. In this paper, the synoptic conditions, stability indices and lower level wind pattern associated with squalls at Agartala (23.90° N, 93.25° E) during 2011 - 2020 are analysed to obtain their percentage contributions and critical values in occurrence of the events. Five major synoptic conditions are found to have contribution to the events, with varying percentages. The critical values of Showalter Index, Lifted Index, K-Index, SWEAT Index, Total Totals Index are obtained based on their contribution for at least 80% of the events. Wind direction at 925 hPa and 850 hPa with southerly component is found to be another important precursor for occurrence of the squalls.
The Portable Fuel Transfer Pump Control System of Android Based for The Fuel Filling Effectiveness of Penerbad’s Helicopter
Authors: Nurcahyo Nurcahyo , Syafaat Mokhamad , Setiawan Ade
Published: November 2021

Abstract – The task of Army Aviation Operations is carried out in remote areas where airport services are still minimal, the process related to refueling for pilot helicopters is an obstacle in carrying out the pilot's main tasks. So, we need tools to make the process more effective. This research uses a method that will obtain quantitative data for research to prove the hypothesis. The method is known as the Development Life Cycle Waterfall Diagram and experimental research. Currently still using a hand pump, therefore it is necessary to have a tool that is portable and uses an electric pump. specifically for fuel which is controlled by Arduino and the android application as input for a filling command and can store charging data. In this case the tool system uses supporting components, namely batteries, Bluetooth hc 05, 5v relays and flow sensors. With the research on portable pump tools, the process can be more efficient than hand pumps. When refueling the helicopter, it is enough to enter the charging value from the android application, the charging is already running, and the charging data is stored in the android file.
The IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTONOMOUS WAYPOINT IN RECONNAISSANCE PLANE (UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE) UAV GALAK-24 USE WITH MISSION PLANNER
Authors: Herlambang Luthfan , Kuncoro Eko , Huda Muhamat Maariful
Published: November 2021

Abstract: UAV or unmanned aerial vehicle is an air vehicle or what we often call an airplane that is controlled without a crew but controlled by a pilot remotely using a remote control. This study uses quantitative experiment methods because in this study it must be carried out when the UAV is flying using the autonomous waypoint method. Running the UAV with the autonomous waypoint method, we can use the Mission Planner software. First, we have to install the application on the mission planner and install pixhawk on the UAV which will act as the UAV brain that will receive and execute flight commands that will be sent by the mission planner later. The mission planner can also directly display flight data such as UAV altitude, UAV speed, UAV location, then the mission planner can also store flight data run by the UAV. The Autonomous waypoint method has been widely used in the military field, such as to carry out attacks on the enemy, reconnaissance, and patrol in an area quickly, and can also reduce casualties during combat operations.
DESIGN OF A TRANSMISSION SYSTEM ON A BALL MILL MACHINE TO PROCESS HOMOGENIZATION OF BLACK POWDER USING AN AUTOMATIC SYSTEM
Authors: Rofiq Muhammad , Saefullah Lalu , Ali Mohammad
Published: November 2021

Abstract: In the military world, battle technology has experienced very rapid development, both close-range combat and long-range combat. In long-distance combat the technology that is often used is rocket technology where this rocket technology can paralyze the enemy in large numbers. Black powder is a mixture of potassium nitrate (KNO3), carbon powder (C) and sulfur (S). (Evie Lestariana, LAPAN). The black powder itself functions as an igniter filling material for the propellant combustion process. This research is to design a tool to support the manufacture of black powder in the igniter filling to help the combustion of rockets, especially those owned by the Indonesian Army. This study uses an experimental method using empirical calculations to get a tool with the desired specifications. Before carrying out the calculations, the author collects research data to carry out calculations, the data collected are as follows: 1. Roller shaft rotation: 246 rpm, 2. Roller shaft torque: 4.0697 Nm, 3. Roller shaft diameter: 25 mm, 4. Pulley shaft diameter top: 100mm. The results obtained after carrying out the calculations are the diameter of the driving pulley 98 mm, the belt contact angle against the pulley 174.6º, and the length of the V-belt 453.14 mm, moment of inertia on the gearbox output shaft 1884,8 mm4.
Information networks – concept, classification and application
Authors: Salihović Nazif , Hasković Džubur Adisa
Published: November 2021

An information network is a structure used for transmitting various forms and types of information. In basic structure, it consists of branches that connect certain nodes. Many scientists and researchers have dealt with the problem of defining an information network, depending on the functional organization and data transmission, and also with the classification of information networks.  Information networks have a very wide application in almost all scientific disciplines. A large number of researches are carried out on the application of information networks (e.g. bisociative, deep information network, heterogeneous information network, and space information network) in the field of medicine for easier detection of diseases, drug development, etc, and other needs to support real-time communication, massive data transmission, and data processing. In accordance with the above mentioned, the aim of this paper is to offer different approaches in defining and classifying general forms of information networks and to notice their wide application in different research disciplines.
Rough estimation of cell numbers in 5G networks using simple mathematical calculations
Authors: Klisara Sara , Nermin Goran , Avdagić-Golub Elma
Published: November 2021

This paper focuses on the problem of 5G network cell planning. In addition, it presents an example of a rough estimation of the required number of cells or base stations in a certain area for arbitrary number of users who are provided with a certain bandwidth per user within these cells. The cell number estimation is the initial step and the essence of planning and implementation of 5G network in an area. It is helpful for the operators to create and take into the account business plans in order to fully implement the network as a function of number of users which have to be served. Considering that, knowing the rough number of 5G base stations per user is very important for pre-sale activities and eventually necessity for widening of the initial investments. Therefore, the paper presents four scenarios that include different network parameters. Depending on the network parameters, the required number of base stations in a certain area changes. Given scenarios are examples of one 5G network in virtual area per bandwidth per user.
Treatment of road traffic noise in EU countries with a focus on Directive 2002/49/EC
Authors: Omerhodžić Adnan , Džaferović Samir
Published: November 2021

The trend of continuous increase for mobility requirements results in a progressive increase in the use of vehicles of all modes of transport, which contributes to a significant increase in noise levels, especially in urban areas. The most significant noise in urban areas is traffic noise, where road traffic contributes the most. This paper reviews the treatment of road traffic noise in the European Union with a focus on Directive 2002/49 / EC. The paper presents the basics of the mechanisms of the institutional and management framework in the field of road traffic noise monitoring in EU countries. Also, the results of road traffic noise monitoring in EU countries, indicators of population exposure to road traffic noise, as well as indicators of the impact of road traffic noise on the health of the population, were presented.
Reduction of Opioid Consumption After Outpatient Orthopaedic Trauma Surgeries Using a Multimodal Pain Protocol
Authors: Siow Matthew Y. , Mitchell Brendon C. , Vuong Carrie L. , Zanzucchi Audrey , Finneran John J. , Girard Paul J. , Schwartz Alexandra K. , Kent William T.
Published: November 2021

Introduction:

Because of the dearth of literature in the orthopaedic trauma population, we aimed to analyze how a multimodal pain protocol after outpatient surgery affects opioid consumption, pain scores, and patient satisfaction.

Methods:

This was a cohort study with a historical control at an urban level 1 trauma center. Forty consecutive outpatients were given a peripheral nerve block and a multimodal pain protocol between September 2019 and March 2020 and compared with 70 consecutive preprotocol patients who received a peripheral nerve block and hydrocodone-acetaminophen. The primary outcome was morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) consumed. Our secondary aims were pain scores and satisfaction.

Results:

Patients in the protocol were younger (36.45 versus 45.09 years, P = 0.007), butthere was no difference in sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists, or surgical duration. There was a 59% reduction in opioids consumed in the first 4 days after surgery (3.83 MME versus 9.29 MME, P < 0.001). At the postoperative day-14 time point, protocol patients consumed a total of 5.59 MMEs, which is 40% less than just the first 4 days of the preprotocol (P = 0.02). Protocol patients assigned a higher rating of “least pain” on postoperative day 1 (1.24 versus 0.52, P = 0.04) but had higher satisfaction scores on day 1 (9.68 versus 8.54, P < 0.001) and day 2 (9.66 versus 8.61, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Implementation of a multimodal pain management protocol after outpatient orthopaedic trauma surgeries reduced opioid consumption by >50% in the first 4 days postoperatively. Additional studies are needed to refine the multimodal pain protocol used in this study.

Level of Evidence:

II
Model Pembelajaran Blended Learning yang Bermutu pada Mahasiswa di FITK UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Authors: Hambali Muh.
Published: November 2021

The industrial revolution is all life activies using teknology, including in educational institutions that have to improvise learning model. Learning is a process of imitating the example of educators in teaching students' knowledge, attitudes and skills.Lecturers are educators who have the authority to change the way of thinking and how to act towards the development of superior character, so lecturers need competency in the learning model.The learning model requires direct interaction so that the process of seeding values, culture and language manners occurs correctly.This model can be called an offline-based learning process. Offline learning has limited access to reference sources from websites and learning requires face-to-face learning. The referral source facilities available in the campus library are limited, while the online-based referral resource facilities are provided by UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. This learning model provides global and fast access while learning and searching for various reference sources. The learning model is blended learning. Blended learning is mixed learning that combines conventional, face-to-face learning models with remote learning using internet networks. Lecturers use an offline process in the form of face to face at the beginning of the lecture to explain the learning scenario. After that, learning uses the e-learning website facility that is owned by UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. This research approach uses qualitative, the type of research is a case study. This research will work to find facts on how the implementation of learning activities through blended learning at UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The findings show that the blended learning model is implemented by developing a combination of conventional approaches, namely face-to-face learning using website-based learning, e-learning at UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, which then succeeded in improving the quality of student learning.
Orijentalni kultovi na tlu provincije Dalmacije u I stoljeću / Oriental cults in the province of Dalmatia in the 1st century
Authors: Hasagić Sanda
Published: November 2021

The end of the Roman conquest of the territory inhabited by the Illyrian peoples entered the final phase of pacification with the end of the Great Illyrian revolt (6-9 AD). After the establishment of the government, the situation the  Romans encountered in the province of Dalmatia was heterogeneous in terms  of spiritual and material culture of the peoples that inhabited this territory. Oriental cults started to spread as the result of imperial propaganda, the army, merchants from the east, sailors, immigrants from eastern provinces, freedmen and slaves. The monuments that witness about the presence of the cult of  Phrygian goddess Cybele and Egyptian goddess Isis date back to the 1st  century AD in the territory of the province of Dalmatia. These cults had arrived  to Rome centuries before whence they started to spread across the imperial  provinces.
A Theoretical Review on the Need to Use Standardized Oral Assessment Rubrics for ESL Learners in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alaamer Reem Aamer
Published: November 2021

There is a growing need for standardized oral assessment rubrics in learning institutions. This is linked to the growing number of ESL learners not only in Saudi Arabia but other parts of the world. To assess the need to use standardized oral assessment rubrics, this particular study explores various peer reviewed articles that support the use of standardized rubrics while assessing oral skills among ESL learners in Saudi Arabia. Standardized rubrics give students a reference point in regards to what is expected while learning oral skills. As a result, students are able to work towards improving their skills to meet the standards of the rubric. Various scholars have given different definitions for the term rubric. In all the definitions, grading criteria is a common feature. Some experts have stated that, modern rubrics should go beyond grading to guiding students in understanding their expectations in oral tests. When developing standardized rubrics, teachers should ensure that the rubrics meet the required validity and reliability to assist ESL learners in meeting their goals. Literature shows that there is a gap in the current oral assessment rubrics in Saudi Arabia, and it requires a prompt review. Therefore, developing a standardized rubric should take a multidisciplinary approach. Scholars and experts teaching ESL students must be consulted to ensure all important factors are considered and incorporated in the standardized rubric. 
Material Transformations of Antique Sculpture in Contemporary Art
Authors: Kiilerich Bente
Published: November 2021

In the twenty-first century, famous antique statues have been reinterpreted by artists of very different backgrounds. A characteristic feature of the contemporary artwork is the use of unconventional sculptural materials such as paper, soap, concrete, polycarbonate and metal cans. In the dialogue called the Cratylus, Socrates explains that ‘images are far from possessing the same qualities as the originals they imitate’ (432d). Socrates refers to the relationship between an image (eikon) and its human model, but much the same can be said about the relationship between the new images and their ancient art-historical models. Aristotle holds that matter (hyle) is separate from form (eidos). In the contemporary works, the matter is changed – e.g. from marble to hydrostone or from bronze to concrete – but the form is preserved. The antique statue is the underlying thing (Aristotle’s hypokeimenon) that persists through the material changes. The article presents some of the ways that European, Asian and American artists, in the second decade of the twenty-first century, transform the appearance of renowned antique statues.
The Effect of Parental Academic Achievement Pressure perceived by Middle School Students on Academic Procrastination: The Mediating Role of Evaluative Concerns Perfectionism
Authors: Joo Hana , Park Ju Hee
Published: November 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of evaluative concerns perfectionism on the relationship between parental academic achievement pressure perceived by middle school students and their academic procrastination.Methods: The study participants were 522 middle school students from first to third grade from three middle schools located in Gunsan, Iksan, and Jeonju. All data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficients. Structural equation modeling was also used to investigate the mediating model.Results: The result of this study showed that the level of parental academic achievement pressure perceived by middle school students increased their level of academic procrastination. In addition, the level of students’ evaluative concerns perfectionism increased the level of their academic procrastination. Second, middle school students’ evaluative concerns perfectionism partially mediated the relationship between parental academic achievement pressure perceived by them and their academic procrastination. That is, the higher the level of parental academic achievement pressure, the higher the level of evaluative concerns perfectionism, and consequently, the higher the middle school students’ academic procrastination.Conclusion: The outcomes suggest that it is important for parents to set proper expectations for their children and provide them with sufficient support, such as respecting their autonomy in academic decision-making to prevent students’ academic procrastination. In addition, interventions to change maladaptive cognitive beliefs including evaluation concerns perfectionism would help students reduce their academic procrastination. In conclusion, these findings suggest several ways to prevent and decrease middle school students’ academic procrastination by empirically verifying predictors on academic procrastination.
Effects of Maternal Overprotection on Social Competence in Young Children: The Mediating Role of Young Children’s Anxiety
Authors: Chung Young Sun
Published: November 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the direct and indirect effects of maternal overprotection on the development of young children’s social competence through their anxiety. In this study, maternal overprotection was defined as anxiously shielding their young children from having negative experiences and maintaining developmentally inappropriate intrusive and permissive parenting for their children.Methods: Participants were 183 mothers and 18 teachers with young children aged from four to six years. Mothers rated themselves on the degree of their overprotecting behaviors measured by a maternal overprotection scale for young children (Y. S. Chung & Park, 2021). Teachers rated young children’s anxiety and social competence. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and a structural equation model. Bootstrapping method was applied to examine the significance of the mediating effects.Results: First, there were significant correlations between maternal overprotection, young children’s anxiety and social competence. Second, structural equation modeling supported the hypothesized relations among maternal overprotection, young children’s anxiety and social competence after controlling with young children’s gender, maternal academic background, and monthly household income. And the level of young children’s anxiety mediated the relationship between overprotective parenting and young children’s social competence.Conclusion: This study showed that mother’s overprotective parenting was associated with varying levels of young children’s anxiety and social competence. Additionally the maternal overprotection linked with children’s social competence indirectly through their anxiety. These findings offer basic knowledge applicable to parent education and the for the development of program for improving parenting behaviors. The limitations and other implications of this study are also discussed.
Hemoglobin matters: Perioperative blood management for oncology patients
Authors: Stephens Jennifer , Tano Ruby
Published: November 2021

As the number of cancer cases rise each year in Canada, so does the number of surgical oncology cases. Surgery presents a unique and heightened stressor for the body already experiencing volatility from factors such as disease and treatments. Perioperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are critical to stabilize hemoglobin levels and correct anemia, as well as provide a buffer against anticipated intraoperative blood loss. Thoroughly examining and anticipating risk factors related to the potential need for perioperative blood transfusions is necessary to improve outcomes. Research evidence in recent years related to perioperative blood management of oncology patients has specifically recommended active, coordinated programs to reduce the need and amount of blood transfusions administered pre-, intra-, and post-surgery. Coordination between surgical oncologists and a local or provincial patient blood management (PBM) program is an important strategy that allows patients at risk of perioperative complications to be identified and receive early interventions and ongoing observation.
Supportive care interventions and quality of life in advanced disease prostate cancer survivors: An integrative review of the literature
Authors: Calvo-Schimmel Alejandra , Qanungo Suparna , Newman Susan , Sterba Katherine
Published: November 2021

Background: Supportive care interventions can improve quality of life and health outcomes of advanced prostate cancer survivors. Despite the high prevalence of unmet needs, supportive care for this population is sparse. Methods: The databases PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and ProQuest were searched for relevant articles. Data were extracted, organized by thematic matrix, and categorized according to the seven domains of the Supportive Care Framework for Cancer Care. Results: The search yielded 1678 articles, of which 18 were included in the review and critically appraised. Most studies were cross-sectional with small, non-diverse samples. Supportive care interventions reported for advanced prostate cancer survivors are limited with some positive trends. Most outcomes were symptom-focused and patient self-reported (e.g., anxiety, pain, self-efficacy) evaluated by questionnaires or interview. Interventions delivered in group format reported improvements in more outcomes. Conclusions: Additional supportive care intervention are needed for men with advanced prostate cancer. Because of their crucial position in caring for cancer patients, nurse scientists and clinicians must partner to research and develop patient-centered, culturally relevant supportive care interventions that improve this population’s quality of life and health outcomes. Efforts must concentrate on sampling, domains of needs, theoretical framework, guidelines, and measurement instruments.
Příspěvek k poznání vodních měkkýšů Vsetínské Bečvy a okolí (Česká republika) [Contribution to the knowledge of aquatic molluscs of the Vsetínská Bečva River and its surroundings (Czech Republic)]
Authors: Beran Luboš
Published: November 2021

This paper brings a review of a malacological survey of the Vsetínská Bečva River, its tributaries, canals and other different aquatic habitats in surroundings (Eastern Moravia, Czech Republic). Vsetínská Bečva is a 58 km long river which rises in 870 m a.s.l. and joins Rožnovská Bečva River in Valašské Meziříčí at 288 m asl. Research was focused on endangered bivalve Unio crassus. Aquatic molluscs at 63 sites were studied in 2007. Altogether 19 species of aquatic molluscs (12 gastropods, 7 bivalves) were found. Three non-native species Potamopyrgus antipodarum, Physella acuta, and Gyraulus parvus, which are rare in Moravia, were found. Occurrence of vulnerable but in this region relatively common prosobranch Bythinella austriaca was confirmed in springs and rivulets. Research based on bivalves provided more interesting results. Existence of two large populations of Unio crassus were documented in two canals (mill races) in Hovězí and Vsetín. Populations of Unio crassus were estimated at 1500–2500 individuals in Hovězí and 1000–4000 individuals in Vsetín. Occurrence of young individuals of Unio crassus were confirmed in both cases. Rare bivalves Pisidium amnicum and P. moitessierianum were found at one site in Canal in Vsetín and also non-native Dreissena polymorpha was found at one site – the gravel pit near Nový Hrozenkov.
Vodní měkkýši přírodní rezervace Krabonošská niva [Aquatic molluscs of the Krabonošská niva Nature Reserve]
Authors: Beran Luboš , Beran Jaroslav
Published: November 2021

A floodplain of the Lužnice river at the Czech-Austrian border is protected by the Krabonošská niva Nature Reserve (Southern Bohemia, Czech Republic). This floodplain has a relatively natural character and, in addition to the Lužnice river, there is a high diversity of habitats at various stages of succession such as oxbows, pools and temporary wetlands. Altogether 20 species were found at 15 sites studied in 2021. Common and widespread gastropods Lymnaea stagnalis, Segmentina nitida and Planorbarius corneus belonged among the most often recorded species. Endangered Pisidium globulare was found at two sites, and only one non-native species Physa acuta was recorded. Molluscan assemblages are very similar to the assemblages of the neighboring Horní Lužnice Nature Reserve.
Radiation-induced basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zargari Omid
Published: November 2021

Background: The treatment of tinea capitis using radiotherapy was introduced at the beginning of the twentieth century. A variety of cancers including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are seen years after this treatment.

Objective: We sought to determine the clinical characteristics of BCCs among irradiated patients.

Methods: The clinical records of all patients with BCC in a clinic in north of Iran were reviewed.

Results: Of the 58 cases of BCC, 29 had positive history for radiotherapy in their childhood. Multiple BCCs were seen in 79.3% and 10.3% of patients with history and without history of radiotherapy, respectively.

Conclusions: X-ray radiation is still a major etiologic factor in developing BCC in northern Iran. Patients with positive history for radiotherapy have higher rate of recurrence.
Nab-paclitaxel-associated photosensitivity: report in a woman with non-small cell lung cancer and review of taxane-related photodermatoses
Authors: Beutler Bryce D. , Cohen Philip R.
Published: November 2021

Background: Taxanes [paclitaxel, nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane, Celgene Corp, USA), and docetaxel]—used in the treatment of lung, breast, and head and neck cancers—have been associated with cutaneous adverse effects, including photodermatoses.

Purpose: We describe a woman with non-small cell lung cancer who developed a photodistributed dermatitis associated with her nab-paclitaxel therapy and review photodermatoses in patients receiving taxanes.

Materials and methods: The features of a woman with a nab-paclitaxel-associated photodistributed dermatitis are presented and the literature on nab-paclitaxel-associated photosensitivity is reviewed.

Results: Our patient developed nab-paclitaxel-associated photodistributed dermatitis on the sun-exposed surfaces of her upper extremities, which was exacerbated with each course of nab-paclitaxel. Biopsies revealed an interface dermatitis and laboratory studies were negative for lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis. Her condition improved following topical corticosteroid cream application and strict avoidance of sunlight.

Conclusion: Chemotherapy can be associated with adverse mucocutaneous events, including dermatoses on sun-exposed areas of the skin. Paclitaxel and nab-paclitaxel have both been associated with photodermatoses, including dermatitis, erythema multiforme, onycholysis, and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Strict avoidance of sun exposure, topical or oral corticosteroids, and/or discontinuation of the drug results in improvement with progressive resolution of symptoms and skin lesions. Development of photodermatoses is not an absolute contraindication to continuing chemotherapy, provided that the cutaneous condition resolves with dermatosis-directed treatment and the patient avoids sun exposure.
WHAT IMPACT CAN SIMULATIONS HAVE IN ADVANCING MEDICINE?
Authors: Ravat Zahra
Published: November 2021

Simulation, defined broadly, refers to an artificial representation of a real-world object, event or process. The representation of organ systems and pathology through art, literature and theatre, can be viewed as the earliest predecessors to medical simulation.
A novel, ataxic mouse model of ataxia telangiectasia caused by a clinically relevant nonsense mutation
Authors: Perez Harvey , Abdallah May F , Chavira Jose I , Norris Angelina S , Egeland Martin T , Vo Karen L , Buechsenschuetz Callan L , Sanghez Valentina , Kim Jeannie L , Pind Molly , Nakamura Kotoka , Hicks Geoffrey G , Gatti Richard A , Madrenas Joaquin , Iacovino Michelina , McKinnon Peter J , Mathews Paul J
Published: November 2021

Ataxia Telangiectasia (A-T) and Ataxia with Ocular Apraxia Type 1 (AOA1) are devastating neurological disorders caused by null mutations in the genome stability genes, A-T mutated (ATM) and Aprataxin (APTX), respectively. Our mechanistic understanding and therapeutic repertoire for treating these disorders are severely lacking, in large part due to the failure of prior animal models with similar null mutations to recapitulate the characteristic loss of motor coordination (i.e., ataxia) and associated cerebellar defects. By increasing genotoxic stress through the insertion of null mutations in both theAtm(nonsense) andAptx(knockout) genes in the same animal, we have generated a novel mouse model that for the first time develops a progressively severe ataxic phenotype associated with atrophy of the cerebellar molecular layer. We find biophysical properties of cerebellar Purkinje neurons (PNs) are significantly perturbed (e.g., reduced membrane capacitance, lower action potential [AP] thresholds, etc.), while properties of synaptic inputs remain largely unchanged. These perturbations significantly alter PN neural activity, including a progressive reduction in spontaneous AP firing frequency that correlates with both cerebellar atrophy and ataxia over the animal’s first year of life. Double mutant mice also exhibit a high predisposition to developing cancer (thymomas) and immune abnormalities (impaired early thymocyte development and T-cell maturation), symptoms characteristic of A-T. Finally, by inserting a clinically relevant nonsense-type null mutation inAtm, we demonstrate thatSmallMoleculeRead-Through (SMRT) compounds can restore ATM production, indicating their potential as a future A-T therapeutic.
Modeling hepatitis C virus kinetics during liver transplantation reveals the role of the liver in virus clearance
Authors: Shekhtman Louis , Navasa Miquel , Sansone Natasha , Crespo Gonzalo , Subramanya Gitanjali , Chung Tje Lin , Cardozo-Ojeda E Fabian , Pérez-del-Pulgar Sofía , Perelson Alan S , Cotler Scott J , Forns Xavier , Uprichard Susan L , Dahari Harel
Published: November 2021

While the liver, specifically hepatocytes, are widely accepted as the main source of hepatitis C virus (HCV) production, the role of the liver/hepatocytes in clearance of circulating HCV remains unknown. Frequent HCV kinetic data were recorded and mathematically modeled from five liver transplant patients throughout the anhepatic (absence of liver) phase and for 4 hr post-reperfusion. During the anhepatic phase, HCV remained at pre-anhepatic levels (n = 3) or declined (n = 2) with t1/2~1 hr. Immediately post-reperfusion, virus declined in a biphasic manner in four patients consisting of a rapid decline (t1/2 = 5 min) followed by a slower decline (t1/2 = 67 min). Consistent with the majority of patients in the anhepatic phase, when we monitored HCV clearance at 37°C from culture medium in the absence/presence of chronically infected hepatoma cells that were inhibited from secreting HCV, the HCV t1/2 in cell culture was longer in the absence of chronically HCV-infected cells. The results suggest that the liver plays a major role in the clearance of circulating HCV and that hepatocytes may be involved.
The Shu complex prevents mutagenesis and cytotoxicity of single-strand specific alkylation lesions
Authors: Bonilla Braulio , Brown Alexander J , Hengel Sarah R , Rapchak Kyle S , Mitchell Debra , Pressimone Catherine A , Fagunloye Adeola A , Luong Thong T , Russell Reagan A , Vyas Rudri K , Mertz Tony M , Zaher Hani S , Mosammaparast Nima , Malc Ewa P , Mieczkowski Piotr A , Roberts Steven A , Bernstein Kara A
Published: November 2021

Three-methyl cytosine (3meC) are toxic DNA lesions, blocking base pairing. Bacteria and humans express members of the AlkB enzymes family, which directly remove 3meC. However, other organisms, including budding yeast, lack this class of enzymes. It remains an unanswered evolutionary question as to how yeast repairs 3meC, particularly in single-stranded DNA. The yeast Shu complex, a conserved homologous recombination factor, aids in preventing replication-associated mutagenesis from DNA base damaging agents such as methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). We found that MMS-treated Shu complex-deficient cells exhibit a genome-wide increase in A:T and G:C substitutions mutations. The G:C substitutions displayed transcriptional and replicational asymmetries consistent with mutations resulting from 3meC. Ectopic expression of a human AlkB homolog in Shu-deficient yeast rescues MMS-induced growth defects and increased mutagenesis. Thus, our work identifies a novel homologous recombination-based mechanism mediated by the Shu complex for coping with alkylation adducts.
Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts is a developmental disorder of the gliovascular unit
Authors: Gilbert Alice , Elorza-Vidal Xabier , Rancillac Armelle , Chagnot Audrey , Yetim Mervé , Hingot Vincent , Deffieux Thomas , Boulay Anne-Cécile , Alvear-Perez Rodrigo , Cisternino Salvatore , Martin Sabrina , Taïb Sonia , Gelot Aontoinette , Mignon Virginie , Favier Maryline , Brunet Isabelle , Declèves Xavier , Tanter Mickael , Estevez Raul , Vivien Denis , Saubaméa Bruno , Cohen-Salmon Martine
Published: November 2021

Absence of the astrocyte-specific membrane protein MLC1 is responsible for megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC), a rare type of leukodystrophy characterized by early-onset macrocephaly and progressive white matter vacuolation that lead to ataxia, spasticity, and cognitive decline. During postnatal development (from P5 to P15 in the mouse), MLC1 forms a membrane complex with GlialCAM (another astrocytic transmembrane protein) at the junctions between perivascular astrocytic processes. Perivascular astrocytic processes along with blood vessels form the gliovascular unit. It was not previously known how MLC1 influences the physiology of the gliovascular unit. Here, using the Mlc1 knock-out mouse model of MLC, we demonstrated that MLC1 controls the postnatal development and organization of perivascular astrocytic processes, vascular smooth muscle cell contractility, neurovascular coupling, and intraparenchymal interstitial fluid clearance. Our data suggest that MLC is a developmental disorder of the gliovascular unit, and perivascular astrocytic processes and vascular smooth muscle cell maturation defects are primary events in the pathogenesis of MLC and therapeutic targets for this disease.
All-trans retinoic acid induces synaptopodin-dependent metaplasticity in mouse dentate granule cells
Authors: Lenz Maximilian , Eichler Amelie , Kruse Pia , Muellerleile Julia , Deller Thomas , Jedlicka Peter , Vlachos Andreas
Published: November 2021

Previously we showed that the vitamin A metabolite all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) induces synaptic plasticity in acute brain slices prepared from the mouse and human neocortex (Lenz et al., 2021). Depending on the brain region studied, distinct effects of atRA on excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission have been reported. Here, we used intraperitoneal injections of atRA (10 mg/kg) in adult C57BL/6J mice to study the effects of atRA on excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in the mouse fascia dentata—a brain region implicated in memory acquisition. No major changes in synaptic transmission were observed in the ventral hippocampus while a significant increase in both spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current frequencies and synapse numbers were evident in the dorsal hippocampus 6 hr after atRA administration. The intrinsic properties of hippocampal dentate granule cells were not significantly different and hippocampal transcriptome analysis revealed no essential neuronal changes upon atRA treatment. In light of these findings, we tested for the metaplastic effects of atRA, that is, for its ability to modulate synaptic plasticity expression in the absence of major changes in baseline synaptic strength. Indeed, in vivo long-term potentiation (LTP) experiments demonstrated that systemic atRA treatment improves the ability of dentate granule cells to express LTP. The plasticity-promoting effects of atRA were not observed in synaptopodin-deficient mice, therefore, extending our previous results regarding the relevance of synaptopodin in atRA-mediated synaptic strengthening in the mouse prefrontal cortex. Taken together, our data show that atRA mediates synaptopodin-dependent metaplasticity in mouse dentate granule cells.
A coupled mechano-biochemical model for cell polarity guided anisotropic root growth
Authors: Marconi Marco , Gallemi Marcal , Benkova Eva , Wabnik Krzysztof
Published: November 2021

Plants develop new organs to adjust their bodies to dynamic changes in the environment. How independent organs achieve anisotropic shapes and polarities is poorly understood. To address this question, we constructed a mechano-biochemical model for Arabidopsis root meristem growth that integrates biologically plausible principles. Computer model simulations demonstrate how differential growth of neighboring tissues results in the initial symmetry-breaking leading to anisotropic root growth. Furthermore, the root growth feeds back on a polar transport network of the growth regulator auxin. Model, predictions are in close agreement with in vivo patterns of anisotropic growth, auxin distribution, and cell polarity, as well as several root phenotypes caused by chemical, mechanical, or genetic perturbations. Our study demonstrates that the combination of tissue mechanics and polar auxin transport organizes anisotropic root growth and cell polarities during organ outgrowth. Therefore, a mobile auxin signal transported through immobile cells drives polarity and growth mechanics to coordinate complex organ development.
Correct regionalization of a tissue primordium is essential for coordinated morphogenesis
Authors: Sánchez-Corrales Yara E , Blanchard Guy B , Röper Katja
Published: November 2021

During organ development, tubular organs often form from flat epithelial primordia. In the placodes of the forming tubes of the salivary glands in the Drosophila embryo, we previously identified spatially defined cell behaviors of cell wedging, tilting, and cell intercalation that are key to the initial stages of tube formation. Here, we address what the requirements are that ensure the continuous formation of a narrow symmetrical tube from an initially asymmetrical primordium whilst overall tissue geometry is constantly changing. We are using live-imaging and quantitative methods to compare wild-type placodes and mutants that either show disrupted cell behaviors or an initial symmetrical placode organization, with both resulting in severe impairment of the invagination. We find that early transcriptional patterning of key morphogenetic transcription factors drives the selective activation of downstream morphogenetic modules, such as GPCR signaling that activates apical-medial actomyosin activity to drive cell wedging at the future asymmetrically placed invagination point. Over time, transcription of key factors expands across the rest of the placode and cells switch their behavior from predominantly intercalating to predominantly apically constricting as their position approaches the invagination pit. Misplacement or enlargement of the initial invagination pit leads to early problems in cell behaviors that eventually result in a defective organ shape. Our work illustrates that the dynamic patterning of the expression of transcription factors and downstream morphogenetic effectors ensures positionally fixed areas of cell behavior with regards to the invagination point. This patterning in combination with the asymmetric geometrical setup ensures functional organ formation.