bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cluster Analysis Based on McKinsey 7s Framework in Improving University Services
Authors: Jollyta Deny , Oktarina Dwi , Gusrianty  , Astri Renita , Kadim Lina Arliana Nur , Dasriani Ni Gusti Ayu
Published: June 2023

The epidemic of Covid-19 has impacted all aspects of human life, including education. Academic and administrative services for academic community are suffering, as a result of the fact that not all universities are able to provide online services to help break the chain of Covid-19 distribution. This is due to a lack of human competencies to use technology and a lack of information technology resources, necessitating the development of new strategies by universities to address these flaws. The goal of this study is to develop a university service strategy based on McKinsey 7s cluster results on the part that is having issues based on questionnaire data. The questionnaire is organized on seven McKinsey elements. The Manhattan distance calculation and the K-Medoids algorithm results demonstrated that the structure, system, skill and staff are all part of elements that clustered in k=2 and has to be addressed in aiding services during the Covid-19 pandemic. The McKinsey 7s showed that universities service enhancements may be achieved by combining clustering techniques and McKinsey framework.
Implementation of K-Means Clustering on High School Students Management
Authors: Kartina Anggriani Dwi , Safii M.
Published: June 2023

The quality of national education and teaching needs to be monitored continuously in every stage and step of educational activities. The monitoring is intended as an effort to control the quality of education and furthermore as a guarantee of the quality of education. Therefore, a method is needed to facilitate the grouping of high school student data. With the k-means clustering approach, the division of student groups can be done based on the national final exam scores. In this study, students were clustered using the K-Means algorithm. By using K-Means, it aims to facilitate the grouping of the highest and lowest Pemtangssiantar High School students. The result is a picture that shows the grouping of students based on national final exam scores.
Implementation Of The K-Means Method In Grouping Districts And Cities In North Sumatra On Social Welfare Problems
Authors: Edisman Rahul Gonjales Siahaan
Published: June 2023

Social welfare problems are obstacles, difficulties or disturbances experienced by a person, difficulty or disturbance. or groups that cannot carry out their social functions and cannot establish harmonious and harmonious relationships with the surrounding environment. In this case, the problem of social welfare that the author does is in the province of North Sumatra which has 33 districts and cities. The source of this research data comes from the Central Bureau of Statistics of North Sumatra. The aim of this is to apply the k-means method in grouping districts and cities on social welfare issues that can help the government and social services in making decisions which areas should be dominantly assisted in solving social welfare problems in order to save costs. The k-means method is one of the methods in data mining to group data sets that are similar to others. The data are grouped into 3 clusters, namely high, medium and low clusters, the results of the high cluster are 2 regencies/cities, the medium cluster is 6 regencies/cities and the low cluster is 25 regencies/cities, these results can be a record for the local government and agencies in dealing with social welfare problems in regencies and cities in North Sumatra
EXPERT SYSTEM FOR HYPOTHYROIDISM DIAGNOSIS USING CASE BASED REASONING METHOD (CASE STUDY OF MELATI II Public Health Center)
Authors: Rimanti Dewinda , Fahmi Hasanul
Published: June 2023

In this study, we will discuss the development of an expert system application for diagnosing Hypothyroidism. In diagnosing Hypothyroidism, this expert system will use the Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) method. CBR uses artificial intelligence in solving problems based on knowledge from previously stored cases. Case data was obtained from medical records from the results of handling Hypothyroidism patients diagnosed by internal medicine specialists. There are 5 types of hypothyroidism disease with one symptom of the disease in the old case. And there are new cases that will be used to calculate the similarity value to the old cases that exist in the knowledge base owned by the system.
Ny Johanneskommentar
Authors: Nielsen Anders Eyvind
Published: June 2023

This review-article presents and discusses a new Danish commentary on the Gospel of John written by Helge Kjær Nielsen. The present commentary is the fourth volume in a rather unique Danish series on the New Testament: Dansk Kommentar til det Nye Testamente (= DKNT), edited by Sigfred Pedersen. The present review pays credit to the commentary’s careful and thorough way of introducing the reader to the Gospel of John, in general, and, in particular, to the symbolic world of ideas and terms to be found in the text and composition of the Fourth Gospel. Mainly the prologue and the farewell discourse are considered to belong to the more successful exegetical parts of the commentary. Although, however, the introductory section of the commentary promises to read and discuss the text of John mainly from the perspective of theological literature, the text-orientated analysis from a communicative point of view tends to be overshadowed by a detail-exegetical discussion concerning grammatical, syntactic and semantic questions. Furthermore, the commentary seems to consider some of the miracles and other supernatural notions in John, besides their function as literary-theological markers in the text, to be historical facts.
Kroppen som troens spejl – hen imod en teologisk somatologi
Authors: Rønkilde Jette Marie Bendixen
Published: June 2023

The article has as its primary focal point the attempt to formulate the theoretical and practical framework of a theological somatology. This attempt originates in the emphasis on language and linguistic symbols in traditional Lutheran theology. The article formulates a radicalization of the interrelation between the semiotic approach to bodily actions and the performative aesthetics as found in theatre. The pivotal concepts introduced through the performative aesthetics are the anthropological understanding of the embodied mind that supersedes a traditional body/mind dualism and the interaction of co-subjects in performance, the so-called feedback-Schleife. In an attempt to relate these concepts to theological discourse, the article provides an application of these insights on the Service of Worship in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Denmark. As a result it is meaningful to discern the religious experience through the bodily actions found in liturgy.
Debutanten Jesus
Authors: Larsen Kasper Bro
Published: June 2023

This article analyzes an important but overlooked topos in the study of ancient Greco-Roman biographies and New Testament gospels: the main character’s debut. In the bioi/vitae, the debut or first public appearance often functioned as a display window of the main character’s persona, as a programmatic episode, and as an ideological and literary miniature of the whole biography in which it occurred. The article employs these insights to identify and analyze the debut summaries and debut scenes in the New Testament gospels (Mark 1:14–15, 21–28; Matt 4:17–25; 5–7; Luke 2:40–52; 4:16–30; John 2:1–11, 12–23). As biographers of a kind, the evangelists accommodated the debut of Jesus to their own ideological, literary, and theological agendas with the consequence that each of the four gospels contains a distinct debut of Jesus.
Protecting the Environment with Criminal Law
Authors: Bragadóttir Ragnheiður
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs concern about the environment has risen during the last few years, international organisations and conventions have encouraged nations to use punishment for environmental offences as one means to fight for a better environment. Icelandic law contains various types of penal provisions in statute laws designed to protect the  environment. However, no comprehensive legislation on matters of environmental impact or provisions on punishment have been enacted. Instead, various existing laws were revised and modernised so as to incorporateenvironmental protection - often to fulfil international requirements. The Penal Code from 1940 contains provisions which were not enacted in reference to offences against the environment, but might nonetheless be applicable in this regard. In 1999 a new provision on serious offences against the environment was enacted in the Penal Code. Many of these aforementioned statute laws on environmental matters include provisions on punishment, i.e., the Act on Nature Conservation; the Act on the Protection, Conservation and Hunting of Wild Birds and Wild Mammals; the Act on Hygiene and Pollution Prevention; and the Act on the Protection against Marine and Beach Pollution. In this paper, these acts and the surprisingly few judgements where they have been at issue are described, as are cases that have been reported and discussed in the media but not been brought before the courts. Finally, there are some reflections on general prevention and why the provisions on environmental offences are rarely applied.
Police Pracademics
Authors: Levander Sten
Published: June 2023

AbstractPractical work (craftsmanship) usually profits by science and vice versa, but conflicts may appear. Knowledge in empirical science is declarative and general. Practical knowledge is »silent« and reflects the cumulated individual experiences within a profession. In a mature discipline like medicine, recognition of the unique value of the two kinds of knowledge protects against conflict. The police have only recently added science to govern practice. In addition, much of the police work is rule-governed and politically controlled – it does not reflect empirical knowledge. Explanations in natural science refer to Causes in the objective world. Meaning is the corresponding humanities key concept which is also highly relevant for police work. When conflicts arise – a dominant discourse may warp discussions. Examples of a set of such relevant conflicts are provided and discussed. Awareness and acknowledgement of the virtues and limitations of various knowledge forms are often lacking and leads to mutual disrespect. Such conflicts are currently difficult to resolve because the police leadership usually lacks practical police experience as well as training in empirical science. The presently weak voice of science should be strengthened by a full academization of the police in all Nordic countries.
Experiência articulada entre Design e Educação no Laboratório Experimental de Design sobre rodas em Cruzeiro/SP
Authors: Meister Izabel Patrícia , Sperduti Lima Valéria , Dos Santos Faria Alessandro
Published: June 2023

O artigo examina a qualidade educacional de um projeto de extensão com a finalidade de desenvolver ações de formação emancipadora de estudantes, fundamentadas na metodologia do pensamento do Design/Design Thinking e desenvolvidas nos contextos da educação formal e não formal, considerando os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) da ONU e escolarização aberta. As suas atividades sustentam-se no desafio de criar ideias inovadoras para problemas locais em regiões com contextos de desigualdades tecnológicas, educacionais, sociais, culturais e econômicas, incluindo aprendizes, especialistas e comunidade. Na primeira edição do Laboratório Experimental de Design (LEDE), 100 estudantes de Ensino Médio, Profissionalizante, e Tecnológico da cidade de Cruzeiro – SP participaram de workshops presenciais, enquanto dez estudantes do curso de graduação Tecnologia em Design Educacional da Unifesp, concomitantemente, participaram da proposta inserida em uma disciplina de seu curso. A análise deste relato é de cunho qualitativo, desenvolvida por meio da pesquisa-ação. As observações apresentadas neste documento destacam que a metodologia do pensamento do Design, aplicada em contexto de desafio para a criação de soluções para um problema local, assim como as ações educacionais complementares nos metaversos, em ambientes preparados para a interação dos estudantes (laboratório de Design/SpatialChat), com integração entre grupos formados por diferentes origens, espaços e meios tecnológicos, trouxe impactos positivos ao demonstrar a capacidade dos grupos em desenvolver soluções, lidar com a diversidade de pensamentos e valorizar a alteridade no processo de aprender. A partir da análise sobre a manifestação desta abordagem educacional nos estudantes, o artigo propõe recomendações direcionadas aos docentes pesquisadores do Ensino Superior e aos agentes socioculturais e educacionais impactados localmente pelo projeto para o uso da metodologia do pensamento do Design no âmbito da educação emancipadora apoiada pela escolarização aberta.
Educação Aberta No Brasil
Authors: De Almeida Fernando José , Bianconcini de Almeida Maria Elizabeth , Moreira da Silva Maria da Graça
Published: June 2023

O artigo  subsidia as reflexões sobre os conceitos de escolarização aberta e educação aberta com as nuances teóricas assumidas nas últimas décadas. Busca reconstruir tais conceitos a partir da análise de projetos desenvolvidos por estudantes de um programa de pós-graduação. Adota a abordagem metodológica que se inspira na Pesquisa e Inovação Responsáveis. Conclui que a educação aberta deve realizar papéis de espectro de um conhecimento de dimensões políticas, territoriais, econômicas e legais a partir de marcos institucionais que lhe trazem abrangência, amplitude, continuidade, reconhecimento e acessibilidade a todos e inclusão social, em diálogo com a realidade.
Hybrid computational and real data-based positioning of small cells in 5G networks
Authors: Ferreira Flávio Henry , José Brito Barros Fabrício , Neto Miércio Cardoso de Alcântara , Cardoso Evelin , Francês Carlos Renato Lisboa , Araújo Jasmine
Published: June 2023

One of the key technologies in smart cities is the use of next generation networks such as 5G networks. Mainly because this new mobile technology offers massive connections in densely populated areas in smart cities, thus playing a crucial role for numerous subscribers anytime and anywhere. Indeed, all the most important infrastructure to promote a connected world is being related to next generation networks. Specifically, the small cells transmitters is one of the 5G technologies more relevant to provide more connections and to attend the high demand in smart cities. In this article, a smart small cell positioning is proposed in the context of a smart city. The work proposal aims to do this through the development of a hybrid clustering algorithm with meta-heuristic optimizations to serve users, with real data, of a region satisfying coverage criteria. Furthermore, the problem to be solved will be the best location of the small cells, with the minimization of attenuation between the base stations and its users. The possibilities of using multi-objective optimization algorithms based on bioinspired computing, such as Flower Pollination and Cuckoo Search, will be verified. It will also be analyzed by simulation which power values would allow the continuity of the service with emphasis on three 5G spectrums used around the world: 700 MHz, 2.3 GHz and 3.5 GHz.
Clinical and Epidemiological Aspectsin Indigenous Elderly People with Tuberculosis in a State in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Aguiar Viviane Ferraz Ferreira de , Carvalho Dayara de Nazaré Rosa de , Dergan Marcela Raíssa Asevedo , Bendelaque Dandara de Fátima Ribeiro , Anjos Thiago Augusto Ferreira dos , Figueira Simone Aguiar da Silva , Peixoto Ivonete Vieira Pereira , Orlandi Fabiana de Souza
Published: June 2023

Objective: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological aspects of tuberculosis among indigenous elderly individuals in Pará, from 2010 to 2019.

Methodology: This study employed an epidemiological, quantitative approach using data from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases. The data comprised new cases of tuberculosis reported in elderly individuals in the state of Pará between 2010 and 2019. The data, publicly accessible and stored in epidemiological indicators of tuberculosis in the health macro-regions of Pará, were analyzed using descriptive statistics in Microsoft Excel© software. The results were presented through graphs and tables, displaying the absolute and percentage frequency distribution of the selected variables.

Results and Discussion: A total of 99 cases were identified. The year with the highest occurrence of cases was 2016, with 14 cases (14.14%) reported. The majority of cases were incident in females, with 51 cases (51.52%). The most affected age group was between 70 and 79 years old, accounting for 45 cases (45.45%). Among individuals with no schooling, there was a higher prevalence of illiterate elderly people, with 59 cases (59.60%).

Conclusion: The relationship between TB cases in indigenous elderly individuals and social determinants such as health conditions, housing, and education is highlighted to demonstrate that social inequality among different socioeconomic classes affects the health-disease process.
Minerals Composition of Solanum aethiopicum L. and Amaranthus hybridus L. Leaves from Burkina Faso
Authors: Yaméogo Charles W. , Garanet Franck
Published: June 2023

Aim: Malnutrition remains a public health problem in children aged under five years in Burkina Faso. Research to find indigenous vegetables with high content of minerals can contribute to fight against children malnutrition. The aim of this study was to assess minerals composition of Solanum aethiopicum L. and Amaranthus hybridus L. leaves grown in Burkina Faso.

Methodes: The leaves have been collected in three markets of Ouagadougou. For the two plants, the dry leaves have been analysed for the following minerals content: Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na), Phosphor (P), Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn). The analyses have been done using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer and flame photometer methodes.

Results: The results showed high mean concentration in K, Ca and Mg in the leaves of the two plants. For Solanum aethiopicum leaves, the concentration in K, Ca and Mg was respectively 3064; 1048 and 666 mg/100 g. The trace elements content were also high: Fe (12 mg/100 g) and Zn (20 mg/100 g). For Amaranthus hybridus leaves, the concentration in K, Ca and Mg was respectively 3573; 606 and 475 mg/100 g. The leaves of Solanum aethiopicum had the highest content of following minerals: Ca, Mg, Na, P, Fe and Zn compared to Amaranthus hybridus leaves.

Conclusion: This study showed that both plants are good sources of important minerals. They are essential to be included in the diet of children to promote growth and contribute to fight against malnutrition.
Developing a Scale to Measure the Attitude of the Farmers’ towards Natural Disaster Management
Authors: Raahalya Sandipamu , Balasubramaniam P. , Devi M. Nirmala , Maragatham N. , Selvi R. Gangai
Published: June 2023

A scale measuring the attitude of farmers towards disaster management is developed using the equal appearing interval scale method, which comprises of 8 statements finally. (four positive and four negative). The scale is administered to the 240 farmers for the purpose of the study. The study was conducted in Krishna and NTR districts of Andhra Pradesh. Forty farmers from each mandal were selected using proportionate random sampling technique with the help of pretested interview schedule. The results of the study revealed that 76.67 per cent of the respondents were having medium level attitude towards disaster management followed by high (16.67%) and low (6.67%) respectively. From the above findings it is concluded that disaster management team should take necessary steps to change the rate of attitude of farmers towards disaster management.
Postharvest Impact of Different Sugar Levels on Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus undatus) Candy
Authors: Singh Arvind , Singh Devi , Bala K. Lakshmi
Published: June 2023

The Present experiment entitled “Postharvest Impact of Different sugar levels on Dragon fruit Candy” was conducted during year 2022 at the Post Harvest Laboratory in Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology & Sciences, Prayagraj. The objective of this research work was to analyze the proximate composition of dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) and to standardize the process for Dragon fruit candy.  The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design (CRD) with eight treatments replicated thrice. The dragon fruit candy was made by using gelatin powder, citric acid. The treatment T6 (Dragon fruit +80% sugar) was found to be best during organoleptic quality and physico-chemical parameters like TSS (°Brix), pH, acidity (%), ascorbic acid (mg/100g), Texture Profile Analysis (TPS), reducing sugar(%), non-reducing sugar(%), total sugar(%). The prepared candies from dragon fruit were stored at ambient temperature (30°C) conditions up to 90 days. During storage study of candy TSS, titrable acidity, reducing sugar, non- reducing sugar and total sugar were increased whereas moisture content, pH, and organoleptic quality was slightly decreased. In cost-benefit ratio, all the treatments were profitable whereas highest cost benefit ratio 1:2 in T1 (Dragon fruit + 55% sugar) followed by 1:1.99 T2 (Dragon fruit + 60% sugar) and minimum 1: 1.93 in T8 (Dragon fruit + 90% sugar).
Insight the Quality Parameters of Diverse Rice Germplasm Set of Chhattisgarh
Authors: Baghel Samrath , Sahu Parmeshwar K. , Saini Parminder Singh , Saxena Ritu , Nair Sunil , Das B. K. , Sharma Deepak
Published: June 2023

The present study focuses on the evaluation of quality parameters of 198 rice genotypes including standard checks in augmented RCBD design. In ANOVA treatment ignoring blocks, heterogeneity among block was eliminated and for every new added treatment the mean sum of square for all the traits were found to be significant at 1% level of significance. Traits viz., milling recovery, iron content and degree of milling were skewed, while rest were normally distributed. Trait paddy and grain length were found to be highest for accession Dokra dori (12.44mm),Milling recovery was noted high for Luchai mutant (72.66%). Degree of milling found highest for Jeeraphool (93.95%). Apparent amylose content was highest in Ambemohar mutant-1(33.2%). Principal component analysis revealed that PC1 and PC2 explains variation for the trait, length and width of paddy, brown rice and milled rice transgressive segregants can be obtained for these traits by crossing genotype Chiko and Chaptigurmatiya parent, Angur gucha and Gobi buta, Chiko and Visnubhog mutant V-80, Khatia pati and Shri kamal as these were depicted as most diverse genotype.
An Economic Analysis of Cost of Production of Black Pepper in Wayanad District of Kerala in India
Authors: Babu Visakh , Ramchandra
Published: June 2023

The present study was conducted in Wayanad district of Kerala. Totally 100 respondents were randomly selected and interviewed from the district. The data was gathered in the form of prestructured interview schedule. The study revealed that average cost of cultivation of Black Pepper per hectare was incurred Rs 419606 which was found to be Rs 438600, Rs 412826, Rs 407393 per hectare on Marginal, Small and Semi medium farmers respectively. Input- Output ratio related to cost C was (1:1.94) (1:1.85) and (1:1.76) on marginal, small and semi medium farmers respectively. As per the size of farm increases the production cost decreases.
Protection Design and Lightning Zone Analysis for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle with Composite Wings
Authors: Woo Hee-chae , Kim Yong-Tae
Published: June 2023

This paper describes the analysis of lightning strike zoning, the indirect lightning data simulation and the protection design for lightning indirect effects of equipment by lightning strike for unmanned aircraft consisting of composite wings. Through the analysis of lightning strike zoning according to the external shape of unmanned aerial vehicles, the structure areas that should be protected during lightning strike is derived, and the protection requirements of lightning indirect effects for flight critical equipments and equipment that must be operated upon lightning strike was derived. Lightning protection levels according to the location of mounting equipment and surrounding structure materials for each equipment was derived, and the protection design of the unmanned aerial vehicle with composite structures was also proposed from direct effect of lightning. Later, the lightning protection technology will be verified by the ground test of lightning direct and indirect effects.
Toward Evidence-Based and Ethical Pediatric Gender Medicine
Authors: Gorin Moti , Smids Jilles , Lantos John
Published: January 2025

This Viewpoint discusses the need for clinicians to conduct thorough research on the risks and benefits of gender-affirming care so that lawmakers and judges do not make decisions on such care without evidence.
The Evolving Case for Skin Failure—Beyond Pressure Injury
Authors: Berlowitz Dan R. , Levine Jeffrey M.
Published: January 2025

This Viewpoint discusses the concept of skin failure, the breakdown of skin in aging and critically ill patients; how it differs from pressure injury; and future areas of research regarding the process.
Automated Image Segmentation and Processing Pipeline Applied to X‐Ray Computed Tomography Studies of Pitting Corrosion in Aluminum Wires
Authors: Kalutotage Maliesha S. , Ciardi Thomas G. , Tripathi Pawan K. , Huang Liangyi , Jimenez Jayvic Cristian , Noell Philip J. , Bruckman Laura S. , French Roger H. , Sehirlioglu Alp
Published: January 2025

Understanding pitting corrosion is critical, yet its kinetics and morphology remain challenging to study from X‐ray computed tomography (XCT) due to manual segmentation barriers. To address this, an automated pipeline leveraging deep learning for efficient large‐scale XCT analysis is developed, revealing new corrosion insights. The pipeline enables pit segmentation, 3D reconstruction, statistical characterization, and a topological transformation for visualization. The pipeline is applied to 87 648 XCT images capturing commercial purity aluminum (1100 Al) wire exposed to sodium chloride (NaCl) salt particles over a period of 122 h. The pipeline achieves complete feature extraction and statistical quantification across the entire XCT dataset, leveraging distributed computing environment for high efficiency. Global growth kinetics such as high‐level stepwise sigmoidal volume loss patterns and granular individual pit developments are both captured for 36 detected pits. By combining automation, computer vision, and extensive XCT datasets, this research accelerates precise corrosion assessment to enable materials science discoveries at scale.
Multifunctional Thermoelectric Nanocatalysts for Synergistic Uveal Melanoma Treatment by Specific Cuproptosis and Pyroptosis
Authors: Yang Muyue , Jiang Xiaoyan , Song Mingyang , Feng Wei , Chen Yu , Gu Ping , Fan Xianqun
Published: January 2025

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a highly aggressive ocular malignancy associated with a poor prognosis and significant resistance to conventional therapies, including surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, which are often limited by their efficacy and adverse side effects. Energy‐conversion‐based nanodynamic therapy, which facilitates the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), has emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment. Here, the development of high‐performance multifunctional thermoelectric nanocatalysts, specifically Cu5FeS3.6Se0.4 nanoparticles, optimized for the effective synergistic treatment of UM is reported. These nanoparticles exhibit remarkable photothermal, thermoelectric, and chemodynamic properties that enhance therapeutic efficacy. Under near‐infrared light irradiation, Cu5FeS3.6Se0.4 nanoparticles generate localized hyperthermia, which not only induces direct tumor cell ablation but also produces thermoelectric potentials that facilitate ROS generation. Additionally, the hyperthermia induced by the photothermal effects of these nanoparticles accelerates a Fenton‐like reaction, leading to the formation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals for chemodynamic therapy. The resultant ROS induce oxidative stress within tumor cells, promoting mechanisms such as cuproptosis and pyroptosis. The integration of photothermal effects, thermoelectric potentials, and chemodynamic therapy within a single nanoplatform represents an efficient strategy for UM treatment, addressing the shortcomings of traditional therapies and offering a highly effective means of managing this aggressive cancer.
Machine Learning‐Assisted High‐Throughput Screening of Nanozymes for Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Zhao Xianguang , Yu Yixin , Xu Xudong , Zhang Ziqi , Chen Zhen , Gao Yubo , Zhong Liang , Chen Jiajie , Huang Jiaxin , Qin Jie , Zhang Qingyun , Tang Xuemei , Yang Dongqin , Zhu Zhiling
Published: January 2025

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorder with rising prevalence. Due to the recurrent and difficult‐to‐treat nature of UC symptoms, current pharmacological treatments fail to meet patients' expectations. This study presents a machine learning‐assisted high‐throughput screening strategy to expedite the discovery of efficient nanozymes for UC treatment. Therapeutic requirements, including antioxidant property, acid stability, and zeta potential, are quantified and predicted by using a machine learning model. Non‐quantifiable attributes, including intestinal barrier repair efficacy and biosafety, are assessed via high‐throughput screening. Feature significance analysis, sure independence screening, and sparsifying operator symbolic regression reveal the high‐dimensional structure‐activity relationships between material features and therapeutic needs. SrDy2O4 with high stability, low toxicity, targeting ability, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capability is identified, which reduces ROS production, lowers cytochrome C levels in cytoplasm, and inhibits apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells by stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane potential. Mice treated with SrDy2O4 show improvements in colon length and body weight compared with dextran sodium sulfate salt‐treated model group. Transcriptomic and 16S rRNA sequencing analyses show that SrDy2O4 boosts beneficial gut bacteria, and decreases pathogenic bacteria, thereby effectively restoring gut microbiota balance. Moreover, SrDy2O4 offers the advantage of X‐ray imaging without side effects.
Efficient Optical Control of Quantum Tunneling Devices Based on Layered Violet Phosphorus
Authors: Li Yanyong , Wu Haolong , Zhuang Lyuchao , Lai Wai Kin , Lin Shenghuang , Lau Shu Ping
Published: January 2025

Electron tunneling devices attract attention due to their potential applications in integrated circuits, memories, and high‐frequency oscillators. However, limited works are devoted to the optical control of electron tunneling processes. The main reason is the low concentration of photogenerated carriers concerning the equilibrium values in heavy‐doped regions. In this work, violet phosphorus (VP) with a unique bilayer tubular structure supplies an excellent platform for investigating the tunneling mechanisms under photo illumination. A VP‐based vertical tunneling diode made of metal‐insulator‐semiconductor (MIS) stacking is presented. The photogenerated carriers increase the tunneling current by ≈4.2 times through photo illumination, leading to a considerable rectification ratio. In addition, a three‐terminal tunneling field‐effect transistor (TFET) made from VP flake with different thicknesses is also presented. The interband tunneling of electrons results in a tunable negative differential transconductance (NDT) at room temperature. The photoillumination can modulate the onset of the NDT region due to the variation of the density of states with Fermi level alignment in the channel and drain region. These results advance the understanding of electron transport mechanisms in VP‐based tunneling devices, showing great potential for exploiting novel 2D multifunctional devices with interactions between light and carriers’ tunneling.
Fusion of Heterocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons With Multiple Resonance: Balancing Spectral Redshifts and Broadening
Authors: Jin Qian , Du Mingxu , Zhang Yuewei , Duan Lian
Published: January 2025

Efforts to fabricate ideal narrowband, long‐wavelength (>520 nm) multiple resonance (MR) emitters are often hampered by the mutual obstacles of effective spectral redshift and maintaining a small full width at half maximum (FWHM). This review focuses on a sophisticated molecular design methodology called “fusing heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HAHs) with MR” to overcome the aforementioned challenges. Here, HAH serves as a rigid structural fragment with a modest reorganization energy, which mainly plays the role of reducing ground‐excited state structural displacement and spectral redshift, while the MR fragment mainly plays the role of restricting low‐frequency vibrational coupling and narrowband emission. The synergy of these two advantages theoretically allows the significant redshift of the emission peak while further narrowing the spectrum. Utilizing the ingeniously designed emitters, the corresponding MR devices can achieve superior external quantum efficiencies of over 20% while maintaining remarkably small FWHMs of <25 nm in the green to red regions. These discoveries will spur the development of narrowband, full‐color, high‐efficiency MR emitters and usher in a transformative shift in the organic light‐emitting diode industry.
V‐/O‐Doping to Endow Ag2S‐based Bimetal Oxysulfide with Sulfur Vacancies and Heterovalent States for Rapid Reduction of Organic and Cr(VI) Pollutants in the Dark
Authors: Wu Xinru , Zhang Pengkun , Insua Benjamin Kunkadma , Yang Baoqian , Kuo Dong‐Hau , Lu Dongfang , Mosisa Mengistu Tadesse , Lin Jinguo , Chen Xiaoyun
Published: January 2025

A novel AgVOS oxysulfide catalyst for rapid catalytic reduction of toxic organic substances and Cr(VI) under dark is synthesized by a facile method. With the V/O co‐doping, the doped Ag2S catalyst has the effectively regulated electron transfer performance, the hydrazine‐driven V5+‐to‐V4+ reduction to disturb charge equilibrium, and the formed sulfur vacancy balanced by oxygen doping to maintain charge equilibrium. The formed sulfur vacancy acts as the active site for electrophilic nucleophilic reaction, while the orbital hybridization of O2p and S3p stabilizes the valence state of S2−. A suitable ratio of n(V4+/V5+) is regulated during the hydrazine‐driven synthesis to facilitate the electron transfer and enhance the V5+‐to‐V4+ reduction reaction. V/O co‐doped AgVOS‐3 prepared by a suitable hydrazine content exhibits super catalytic reduction performance of organic 4‐NP (4‐nitrophenol), MB (methyl blue), MO (methyl orange), and RhB (Rhodamine B, 20 ppm, 100 mL) dyes, which are completely reduced within 8, 8, 10, and 8 min, respectively. In comparison, Cr6+ (50 ppm, 100 mL) is also completely reduced within 6 min by AgVOS‐3, indicating its good catalytic reduction activity for organic and inorganic mixture pollutants. Furthermore, AgVOS‐3 has good stability after cyclic tests to maintain a reduction efficiency of 96.5%. Therefore, the AgVOS catalyst shows a promising application for industrial wastewater treatment.
ODSEI Chip: An Open 3D Microfluidic Platform for Studying Tumor Spheroid‐Endothelial Interactions
Authors: Ro Jooyoung , Kim Junyoung , Park Juhee , Choi Yongjun , Cho Yoon‐Kyoung
Published: January 2025

Current in vitro models of 3D tumor spheroids within the microenvironment have emerged as promising tools for understanding tumor progression and potential drug responses. However, creating spheroids with functional vasculature remains challenging in a controlled and high‐throughput manner. Herein, a novel open 3D‐microarray platform is presented for a spheroid‐endothelium interaction (ODSEI) chip, capable of arraying more than 1000 spheroids on top of the vasculature, compartmentalized for single spheroid‐level analysis of drug resistance, and allows for the extraction of specific spheroids for further analysis. As proof of concept, the crosstalk between breast cancer spheroids and vasculature is monitored, validating the roles of endothelial cells in acquired tamoxifen resistance. Cancer spheroids exhibited reduced sensitivity to tamoxifen in the presence of vasculature. Further analysis through single‐cell RNA sequencing of extracted spheroids and protein arrays elucidated gene expression profiles and cytokines associated with acquired tamoxifen resistance, particularly involving the TNF‐α pathway via NF‐κB and mTOR signaling. By targeting the highly expressed cytokines (IL‐8, TIMP1) identified, tamoxifen resistance in cancer spheroid can be effectively reversed. In summary, the ODSEI chip allows to study spheroid and endothelial interaction in various contexts, leading to improved insights into tumor biology and therapeutic strategies.
Visible‐Light‐Driven Fluorescence Turn‐on Photoswitches With Near Quantitative Photocyclization Yield
Authors: Zhai Jiawei , Ai Qi , Li Huaqing , Liu Zugang , Hu Xiaoguang
Published: January 2025

Photoswitchable fluorescent materials have gained significant attention for their potential in advanced information encryption and anti‐counterfeiting applications. However, the common use of UV light to trigger the isomerization processes leads to photobleaching and poor fatigue resistance. Visible‐light‐driven fluorescent photoswitches are highly desirable, but achieving high cyclization yield remains challenging. Herein, it is reported that all visible‐light‐driven turn‐on fluorescence in dimethoxyphenyl functionalized diarylethene isomers. The open‐ring form of o‐DMPB and p‐DMPB exhibits near quantitative conversion yields (up to 94%) under 405 nm visible light, attributed to the strong electron‐donating character. In contrast, the meta isomer m‐DMPB shows limited response to visible light, with a ring‐closing yield of 22%. Furthermore, all photoswitches display good thermal stability, photostability, and fatigue resistance. Notably, o‐DMPB demonstrates promising applications in anti‐counterfeiting, information encryption, and photorewritable patterns. This work provides a valuable strategy for the development of high‐performance fluorescent photoswitches.
Enhanced Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Using Nonthermal Plasma: Insights into Pd Catalyst Reactivation and Precise Control of H2O2 for Improved CO2 Reduction Reaction Activity
Authors: Hu Jie , Liu Fuqiang
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the electrochemical reduction of CO2 on Pd/C with in situ‐generated H2O2 through low‐temperature nonthermal plasma. Catalyst deactivation, a common challenge in CO2 conversion, is addressed by leveraging the oxidizing environment created by H2O2. Experimental studies using linear sweep voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry demonstrate significantly improved CO2 reduction activity during plasma discharge, correlated with an enlarged hydrogen desorption peak. Multicomponent physics‐based computational simulation highlights the role of H2O2, a long‐lived species, in enhancing CO2 reduction. Formic acid is identified as a major liquid product, validated by nuclear magnetic resonance. The presence of H2O2 prevents CO poisoning on Pd surfaces, and H2O2 electroreduction alters hydrogen sorption, potentially creating an active PdHx phase for effective CO2 reduction. The study demonstrates the precise control of H2O2 concentration through nonthermal plasma, offering insights into Pd catalyst reactivation and improved CO2 reduction activity. These findings contribute to the understanding of electrochemical CO2 reduction mechanisms and provide a basis for optimizing catalytic processes in the presence of H2O2.
Integrated learning‐based estimation and nonlinear predictive control of an ammonia synthesis reactor
Authors: Bagheri Amirsalar , Cabral Thiago Oliveira , Pourkargar Davood B.
Published: January 2025

This paper presents an advanced machine learning‐based framework designed for predictive modeling, state estimation, and feedback control of ammonia synthesis reactor dynamics. A high‐fidelity two‐dimensional multiphysics model is employed to generate a comprehensive dataset that captures variable dynamics under various operational conditions. Surrogate long short‐term memory neural networks are trained to enable real‐time predictions and model‐based control. Additionally, a feedforward neural network is developed to estimate the outlet ammonia concentration and hotspot temperature using spatially distributed temperature readings, thereby addressing the challenges associated with real‐time concentration and maximum temperature measurements. The machine learning‐based predictive modeling and state estimation methods are integrated into a model predictive control architecture to regulate ammonia synthesis. Simulation results demonstrate that the machine learning surrogates accurately represent the nonlinear process dynamics with minimal discrepancy while reducing optimization costs compared to the high‐fidelity model, ensuring adaptability and effective guidance of the reactor to desired set points.
MATES in Manufacturing: A Cluster RCT Evaluation of a Workplace Suicide Prevention Program
Authors: LaMontagne Anthony D. , Lockwood Christopher , Mackinnon Andrew , Henry David , Cox Laura , Hall Neil R. , King Tania L.
Published: January 2025

Background

The MATES in Construction suicide prevention program was adapted to the manufacturing sector and evaluated in a pilot of the program.

Methods

Ten manufacturing worksites were randomly assigned to intervention (5 sites) and wait‐list control (5 sites) conditions in a two‐arm cluster randomized design. 1245 workers responded at baseline (87% response rate) and 648 at final (35% response rate). Literacy of Suicide Scale (LOSS) was assessed as a process outcome, and help‐seeking intentions as the primary outcome (General Help‐Seeking Questionnaire [GHSQ] score). Secondary outcomes included help sought, suicidal thoughts and likelihood of suicide attempt scores, and Kessler‐6 scores. Linear mixed models for repeated measures were used in intention‐to‐treat (ITT) and completer analyses.

Results

All sites finished the trial, with intervention periods ranging from 8 to 11 months; however, none of the five intervention sites fully implemented the intervention as planned. ITT analyses showed an improvement in LOSS scores within the intervention group (0.49, 95% CI 0.13–0.49), but the mean difference in change between intervention and control included the null (0.34, 95% CI −0.10 to 0.80). The primary outcome of GHSQ scores also improved within the intervention group, but the difference in change included the null (mean difference 1.52, 95% CI −0.69 to 3.74). No secondary outcomes improved relative to control in ITT or completers analyses. Exploratory analysis of disaggregated GHSQ help sources showed greater improvement in mean difference in change for the main MATES message of seeking help from MATES Connectors.

Conclusion

The intervention, as implemented, was not effective at achieving the primary or secondary outcomes.

Trial Registration

Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: ACTRN 12622000122752.
Spreading the Word: Communicating Evidence‐Based Guidelines About Turner Syndrome to Patients, Parents, Providers, and Payors
Authors: Lin Angela E. , Kruszka Paul
Published: January 2025

Given the overwhelming volume of medical information, medical guidelines play a key role in informing clinicians and payors and guidelines directly affect how patients, and their families will be treated. In this review, we describe the production cycle of international guidelines for Turner syndrome (TS) and promote the timely and proactive dissemination of these guidelines. We encourage deliberate adoption of an updated standard of care by providers, payors, patients and their families, and professional organizations.
Rapid and Scalable Preparation of High‐Crystalline Carboxyl‐Functionalized Covalent Triazine Frameworks via Friedel‐Crafts Reaction
Authors: Zhang Lei , Sun Tian , Zhang Zhao , Zhang Ziyue , Xu Yuxi
Published: January 2025

The Friedel‐Crafts reaction has been extensively applied to the preparation of various porous organic polymers because of its simple operation and abundant building blocks. However, due to its poor reversibility and excessive random reactive sites, the synthesis of crystalline organic polymers/frameworks by Friedel‐Crafts reaction has never been realized so far. Herein, we develop a molecular confined Friedel‐Crafts reaction strategy to achieve rapid preparation (within only 30 minutes) of highly crystalline covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) with tailorable functionality for the first time. Theoretical calculations and detailed experiments revealed the critical role of carboxyl groups in aromatic benzene monomer during the CTFs crystallization, which can not only effectively cause a suitable activation barrier for the electrophilic attack of 2,4,6‐trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine through their electron‐withdrawing properties, but also introduce anchoring effects (molecular confinement effects) to facilitate the ordered polymerization at specific sites in 2D planar direction. Benefiting from the convenient synthetic route and low‐cost raw materials, we could unprecedentedly realize the kilogram‐scale fabrication of carboxyl‐functionalized high‐crystalline CTFs. Moreover, thanks to the hydrophilic and ionizable properties of carboxyl groups, the obtained functionalized CTFs exhibited excellent aqueous dispersibility and superior solution processability.
Critical role for Transglutaminase 2 in scleroderma skin fibrosis and in the development of dermal sclerosis in a mouse model of scleroderma
Authors: Tam Angela Y.Y. , Khan Korsa , Xu Shiwen , Bergin Marianne , Huang Linghong , Arroyo Colon Erik , Cheng Danyi , Verderio Elisabetta AM , Ong Voon , Denton Christopher P , Atkinson John , Johnson Tim S , Abraham David J.
Published: January 2025

Objective

Scleroderma is a life‐threatening autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, tissue remodelling, and fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the expression and function of transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) in scleroderma skin and experimentally‐induced dermal fibrosis to determine its potential role and therapeutic implications.

Methods

We performed immunohistochemistry on skin sections to assess TGM2 expression and localisation, and protein biochemistry of both SSc‐derived and healthy control dermal fibroblasts to assess TGM2 expression, function and ECM deposition in the presence of a TGM2 and TGFβ neutralizing antibodies and a small molecule inhibitor of the TGFβRI kinase. Mice with a complete deficiency of TGM2 (Tgm2‐/‐) were investigated in the bleomycin‐induced model of skin fibrosis.

Results

TGM2 was found to be widely expressed in both control and scleroderma skin samples, as well as in cultured fibroblasts. Scleroderma fibroblasts exhibited elevated TGM2 expression, which correlated with increased expression of fibrosis markers (collagen type 1, αSMA and CCN2). Inhibition of TGM2 using a neutralizing antibody reduced the expression of key markers of fibrosis. The effects of TGM2 inhibition were similar to those observed with TGFβ neutralization, suggesting a potential cross‐talk between TGM2 and TGFβ signalling. Moreover, TGM2 knock‐out mice showed significantly reduced dermal fibrosis compared to wild‐type mice. In vitro experiments with TGM2‐deleted fibroblasts demonstrated impaired cell migration and collagen matrix contraction, which could be partially restored by exogenous TGFβ.

Conclusion

TGM2 can regulate several key pro‐fibrotic activities of TGFβ suggesting that attenuating TGM2 function may be of benefit in severe forms of connective tissue disease with skin fibrosis.

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