bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A LINGUAGEM POÉTICA NA TRAJETÓRIA DE FORMAÇÃO DAS PERSONAGENS INFANTIS DE GUIMARÃES ROSA
Authors: de Godoy Maria Carolina
Published: November 2020

This work studies Guimarães Rosa’s narratives in which infant characters perform the formative trajectory that characterizes their insertion in the adult world. In the treatment given to the children’s world, we could observe in both Sagarana and Primeiras estórias the child formation and the poetic languages that follow this path.
Dispute Review Board: Concept and introduction to develeoping countries
Authors: Chong Ming-Lee , Chong Heap-Yih
Published: November 2020

Dispute review board (DRB) is an effective alternative dispute resolution method in U.S. construction industry since 1952. Subsequently, this method has implemented in many high profiled projects around the world. However, the concept and procedures of DRB are relatively new in developing countries, namely Malaysia. The paper aims to investigate on the viability of DRB implementation in Malaysian construction industry. Three reputed experts were interviewed, who targeted initially as to their expertise and significant involvements or experiences in dispute resolution. The data analysis was carried out using content analysis approach. The consensus results has confirmed the concepts of DRB and also identified the practicality and barriers of DRB implementation. These qualitative findings have forecasted the trend of DRB practice and created an important insight in dispute resolution for developing countries. It is concluded that an optimistic viable outcome toward DRB has achieved.
Introduction: Supporting learners and educators in developing language learner autonomy
Authors: Tamala Michelle
Published: November 2020

This introduction sets the scene for the volume that explores some of the theoretical, empirical, and practical considerations when supporting educators and learners in promoting language learner autonomy. The author gives an overview of the chapters and notes that the findings pay special attention to the ‘social turn’ in researching language learner autonomy development and second language acquisition, and focus on the social, interactive and co-dependent nature of the concept.
Effects of Exchange Rate Volatility On Non-Traditional Exports In Ghana
Authors: Obeng Camara Kwasi
Published: November 2020

The government of Ghana has implemented a number of policies to strengthen the production and export of non-traditional products as a way of diversifying exports in Ghana with very little success. Foremost among these policies is the liberalization of exchange rate. Meanwhile, the exchange rate has been very volatile. The study, therefore, examines the effects of exchange rate volatility on non-traditional exports in Ghana.This study employed Auto-regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) co-integration estimation technique for the investigation. The results indicate that exchange rate volatility negatively impacts Ghana’s non-traditional exports. Also, the effect is greater in the long- run than it is in the short-run. Other results also show that world income, growth rate of the economy and Treasury bill rate promote non-traditional exports, but real effective exchange rate does not. The value of the paper lies in the discussion of the short-run and long-run effects of exchange rate volatility on non-traditional exports in the Ghanaian context.
Social Responsibility Behaviors among Universities Students in the 3 Southern Border Provinces of Thailand in the Period of Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
Authors: SINGKUN Awirut , PAYODEURAMAE Fatin , SAMAE Nuseeta , PATIWIKRIWONG Piriya , CHAINAPONG Khajornsak , WEERAKHACHON Phakkhanat
Published: November 2020

The objectives of this cross-sectional research were to study university students’ knowledge on COVID-19 transmission, their attitude toward the measures of COVID-19 prevention and control, social responsibility behaviors, and factors association with participants’ social responsibility behaviors. The population from 3 universities were 17,765 students, the sample size was at least 376 participants according to Krejcie and Morgan’s formula. Purposive sampling was employed to select the target participants. Then, each student shared the questionnaire link with their friends. The self-administered questionnaires were distributed by using Google Forms. The content validity was evaluated by 3 experts; the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) of each item of all part was 1 and the coefficient of reliability knowledge and attitude were more than 0.70. The links of each Google Form was sent through Facebook and Line contact friends and asked them for distribution to others. The were 416 students who completed the questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, while for the association study, Chi-square and Binary logistic regression were used. The results disclosed that the university students had the knowledge of Covid-19 transmission at Moderate level (50.72 %), and had the attitude of the state measures for Covid-19 prevention and control in High level (81.01 %). Additionally, their social responsibility behaviors for COVID-19 prevention and control were in High level (57.21 %). The knowledge on Covid-19 transmission was significantly associated with social responsibility behaviors among university students (p-value < 0.05) as well as their attitude on the state measures for Covid-19 prevention and control that was significantly associated with university students’ social responsibility behaviors (p-value < 0.01).
Effect of Cold Storage on Development of Habrobracon hebetor (Say) (Braconidae: Hymenoptera) Reared on Corcyra cephalonica Stainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Authors: NOOSIDUM Atirach , SOMSRI Weerachai , CHANDRAPATYA Angsumarn
Published: November 2020

Habrobracon hebetor has been investigated as a successful biological control agent for larvae of pyralid moths in warehouses. Gaining new information on how to improve the storage procedure of H. hebetor under cold conditions could allow the development of approaches to maintain this parasitoid in pest management programs. This study investigated the effect of cold temperatures (10 and 15 °C) on the development of H. hebetor pupae reared on Corcyra cephalonica, which was kept for up to 3 weeks. Mortality of H. hebetor pupae during cold storage in all treatments was 4 - 19 %. Mortality of H. hebetor adults emerging during cold storage at 10 °C (28 %) and 15 °C (61 %) was significantly observed at 21 days of storage, while other treatments were less than 4 %. Numbers of emerging adults after cold storage from 7 - 14 days were 89 - 96 %, and the female percentage ranged from 13 - 39 %. The number of eggs laid per female from the emerging females after cold storage for 7 - 14 days was not significant as compared to the control treatment (43 - 53 eggs per female) after laying for 72 h. The sex ratios of emerging adults in all cold storages and the control treatment at 72 h after emerging were not significant.
Diversity of Phytoplasmas Associated with Several Plants in Western Java-Indonesia
Authors: PRASETYA Ariny , MUTAQIN Kikin Hamzah , SINAGA Meity Suradji , GIYANTO Giyanto
Published: November 2020

Diseases caused by phytoplasmas have been reported in field crops, ornamentals, and weeds in Indonesia. However, most of phytoplasmas have not been subjected to further identification and thus, they remain unaffiliated with proper classification scheme. More reliable identification of phytoplasmas mostly rely on molecular methods. The aim of this study was to characterize the phytoplasma as the causal agent of naturally infected plants in western Java-Indonesia based on their 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences. Plant exhibiting phytoplasmal symptoms were observed and taken for further molecular examination. Eight plant species from three families in Bogor, Tangerang, and Bekasi, i.e. peanut, soybean, snakebean, Opuntia sp., betung bamboo, apus bamboo, Bermuda grass, and digitaria grass (Digitaria fuscescens) have been observed and taken as samples for further molecular examination. Nested-PCR with primer pairs P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2 resulted in amplification of products of approximately 1.2 kb from all symptomatic plant samples tested. BLAST analysis of the nucleotide sequences, phylogenetic analyses, and similarity coefficients derived from RFLP in silico revealed that there were association of a phytoplasma of 16SrII-A subgroup with phytoplasmas identified in peanut, soybean, and snakebean. Such an association showed witches’ broom symptoms; 16SrII-C with Opuntia sp. causing proliferation and mosaics; and phytoplasmas displaying yellowing and little leaf of two kinds of bamboos and white leaf of Bermuda grass and digitaria grass that were closely related to 16SrXIV-A subgroup. To our knowledge, this is the first report molecular identification of 16SrXIV-A associated with apus bamboo and digitaria grass in Indonesia.
Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) Infection in Several Varieties and Ages of Tomato Plants (Lycopersicum esculentum, Mill.)
Authors: DAMIRI Nurhayati , NURKHOLIS Amat , PUJIASTUTI Yulia , RAHIM Supli Effendi
Published: November 2020

Disease caused by Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) is an important disease in tomato plants, and is transmitted through both natural and artificial wounds. TMV attacking tomato plants can cause qualitatively and quantitatively lower production. The decline in production by TMV attack can reach    60 %. This research was conducted at the greenhouse of the Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sriwijaya, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra, Indonesia, from January to June 2016. The purpose of this study was to assess TMV attack on different varieties and ages of tomato plants. This study was conducted using a factorial in Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (FRCBD), with the first factor, namely plant varieties, and the second factor, age stage of plants, repeated 3 times. The results showed that the most susceptible tomato was “Permata”, with the fastest incubation period and moderate disease severity. Age 8 weeks, when inoculation took place, was the most vulnerable time, with the highest disease severity. A combination of the tomato variety of Permata and an age stage of 8 weeks at the time of inoculation had the highest disease incidence.
Effects of Grandchildren’s Love Language Program on Depression among Thai Older Adults
Authors: AEKWARANGKOON Saifon , NOONIL Naiyana
Published: November 2020

Depression in older adults has remained 1 of the major detrimental public health problems both worldwide and in Thailand. Among the myriad healing approaches, mental attachment on the basis of grandchildren’s love language is favorably perceived by Thai older adults with depression. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to evaluate the effects of grandchildren’s love language program on reducing depression among Thai older adults. Eighty Thai older adults with mild to moderate depression levels received the so-called “Love Language of Grandchildren Program” (n = 40) and usual care (n = 40). The Nine-Question Scale (9Q) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) were distributed at the pre- and post-treatment and at the 12 and 24-week of the follow-ups. The treatment effectiveness was evaluated by using Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA). The 9Q and HRSD scores revealed a significantly neutralized depression for those in love language of grandchildren program and, on the other hand, no decline was observed in the usual care’s participants. Love language of grandchildren program effectively reduced 9Q and HRSD symptoms of emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and physical conditions respectively. It was also more effective than the usual care in reducing mild to moderate symptoms of depression (p < 0.05). The findings provide better understanding on how grandchildren approach to prevent depression for Thai older adults in a family and community, and can be used to guide further capacity development for grandchildren who provide helping to this group.
Factors Associated with Psychological Well-being among Parents of a Critically Ill Child in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: PUNYOO Jiraporn , POTHIBAN Linchong , JINTRAWET Usanee , MESUKKO Jutarat , REUNGRONGRAT Sanit
Published: November 2020

A child’s hospitalization in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is a stressful and suffering situation affecting the parents. This correlational study aims to investigate the predicting factors of parents’ psychological well-being with regard to a critically ill child in the PICU. The participants were 100 parents with a child hospitalized in one of the five PICUs of five tertiary hospitals. The research instruments included the Demographic Recording Form, the Child’s Behavioral and Emotional Responses Scale, the Sense of Coherence Scale-Short Form (SOC-13), Thai Version, the Jalowiec Coping Scale (JCS), the Buddhist Belief Questionnaire, the Modified Version of Social Support Questionnaire, Thai Version, and the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression. The results of hierarchical multiple regression showed that religious belief, the child's behavioral and emotional responses, sense of coherence, coping, and social support could explain 36 % of the variance in the psychological well-being of parents of a critically ill child. The factors that made significant contributions to the model were religious belief (β = 0.29, p < 0.01), sense of coherence (β = 0.27, p < 0.01), the child’s behavioral and emotional responses (β = -0.24, p < 0.01), social support (β = 0.22, p < 0.05), and coping (β = 0.17, p < 0.05). The results of this study may serve as preliminary information for nurses in planning nursing interventions in order to enhance the psychological well-being of the parents.
Effect of Aspergillus niger Fermented Soybean Meal Supplementation in Formulated Diets on Growth Performances in Juvenile Asian Seabass (Lates culcarifer Bloch)
Authors: KOEDPRANG Worawut , CHAROENDAT Uton
Published: November 2020

The utilization of indigenous mold Aspergillus niger from aquaculture areas to improve the quality of soybean meal (SM) by fermentation and replacement in Asian seabass diet was studied on growth performances and feed utilization in juvenile Asian seabass, Lates calcalifer. Sinking diets with 40 % of protein were formulated. The main sources of protein in the diets were from fish meal (FM). Low substitution levels of 4 % of protein from SM, 10 % of total protein, were used in diets D1 - D4 with replacement of fermented soybean meal (FSM) at 0, 25, 75, and 100 %, respectively, and high substitution levels of 8 % of protein from SM, 20 %of total protein, were used in diets D5 - D8 with replacement of FSM at 0, 25, 75, and 100 %, respectively. Initial weight of juvenile Asian seabass was 12.83 - 12.90 g. 10 fish were stocked in 100 L glass tanks with triplicate groups. Each diet was fed to apparent satiation twice daily for 10 weeks. The results presented that the final body weight (BW), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and feed capital showed significant difference (P < 0.05) while final total length (TL), survival rate (SR), carcass percentage, and hepatosomatic index (HSI) did not show significant difference (P > 0.05). The 4 % of protein from SM was able to be replaced by 25 - 100 % of FSM with increased growth performances and feed utilization, while feed cost (Thai baht kg-1 of fish) was reduced, respectively. The A. niger FSM is alternative protein source for growth, feed utilization improvement, and feed cost reduction of Asian seabass farmers.
Assessment of Optimal Infusion Condition for Thunbergia laurifolia Tea by using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: ROJSANGA Piyanuch , JIEWATAKUNTUM Puriwat , LIMWIKRANT Waree , CHOOLUCK Kotchaphan
Published: November 2020

According to the National List of Essential Medicines of Thailand, the Thunbergia laurifolia (TL) tea is categorized as antipyretic and detoxifying herbal medicine. This tea has also been used for the treatment of drug addiction and smoking cessation. However, suggested infusion conditions were varied which may result in variations in extracted active contents and bioactivities. In this study, the infusion condition that maximized extraction of caffeic acid (CA) and rosmarinic acid (RA), the major markers of TL tea, was assessed by using response surface methodology (RSM). The contents of markers were analyzed by a validated high-performance liquid chromatographic method. To evaluate the extraction efficiency, the marker contents obtained by preparing the tea under the optimal condition were compared to those obtained by aqueous extraction process. The results demonstrated that the marker contents varied considerably according to infusion variables; time, temperature and volume (150 - 250 mL). By using RSM, it was successfully found that the optimal condition for the tea (3 g) was as follows: 200 mL of boiling water and infusion time of 10 min. More importantly, by using infusion method, the major portion of markers remained in the tea powder implying poor extraction efficiency of the method. This result suggested that the use of TL extract would be benefit in terms of quality and efficacy. The optimal infusion condition could be utilized in clinical studies to find an effective oral dose range of markers. Ultimately, the obtained information could be used to determine the oral dose of TL extract.
Recording Thirteen New Species of Phytoplankton in Euphrates River Environment in Iraq
Authors: ALI Huda Abdullah , OWAID Mustafa Nadhim , ALI Shaimaa Fatih
Published: November 2020

Thirteen species of phytoplankton were recorded for the first time in the Upper Euphrates River environment in Iraq during the period from January to June 2017. Five locations were selected along the river (Jubba village, Al-Baghdadi district, Dollab village, Hit city and Ramadi city). Among the 13 taxa, seven species belonging to the Chlorophyta division were identified: Excentrosphaera viridis, Monoraphidium caribeum, Nephrochlamys willeana, Oonephris palustris, Staurodesmus cuspidatus, Palmodictyon varium, and Westellopsis linearis. Moreover, two species of the Chrysohyta division, Rhizochrysis limnetica and Chrysidiastrum catenatum, were recorded in the study area. Two species belonging to the Bacillariophyta division were Acanthoceras zachariasii and Stenopterobia intermedia, showing in the study area. One species belonging to the Cyanophyta division, Stichosiphon sansibaricus, was recorded in Hit and Ramadi, and one species of Euglenophyta (Phacus orbicularis) was also recorded. Some physicochemical properties of the water from these locations were measured, including water temperature values ranging from 8 - 13 °C; pH ranging from 7.22 - 7.58; EC ranging from 580 - 755 µS.cm-1, while salinity was 0.30 - 0.44 g.L-1. Nutrient, such as nitrates, and phosphate values ranged from 156 - 232 µg.L-1 and 8.21 - 21 µg.L-1, respectively. The presence of new phytoplankton in Iraqi freshwater confirms the quality of river water in this area. This study was carried out to contribute to the knowledge of freshwater phytoplankton in Iraq for the upper region of the Euphrates River and their tributaries.
Theses and Capstone Projects Plagiarism Checker using Kolmogorov Complexity Algorithm
Authors: DEL ROSARIO Marco Jr. , SARENO Julius
Published: November 2020

In education, students attempt to copy previous works and are relying on prepared solutions available on the Internet in order to meet their requirements. This action leads to plagiarism, which is becoming part of educational institutions’ concern to reduce growing academic dishonesty. With regards to the aforementioned issue, this study aims to design and develop a plagiarism checker capable of registering documents, granting access to users, and calculating the similarity between documents. Thus, the software was constructed using HTML, PHP, JavaScript, CSS, and MySQL. The developed system is composed of three main modules; the Document Search which enables users to browse documents, the Document Registration which enables the administrator to add and manage the stored documents, and the document Comparison, which serves as the system plagiarism detection mechanism. The algorithm Normalized Compression Distance was used to measure similarity and the Boyer-Moore Algorithm to highlight the suspected plagiarized document. Moreover, tests were conducted to determine if the system is functioning as expected and to measure the accuracy of the output produced by the system. The developed system was evaluated using the ISO 25010 software quality model in terms of Product Quality and was rated by one hundred respondents. The system obtained a mean of 4.70 which is equivalent to “excellent” in descriptive terms. This validates that the objectives of the study were met and achieved. This further indicates that the system was developed according to its desired functions and requirements.
A Comparison of Long-term Trends in Observations and Emission
Inventories of NOx
Authors: Macdonald Elena , Otero Felipe Noelia , Butler Tim
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Air pollution is a pressing issue that is associated with adverse effects on human health, ecosystems and climate. Despite many years of effort to improve air quality, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) limit values are still regularly exceeded in Europe, particularly in cities and along streets. This study explores how concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) in European urban areas have changed over the last decades and how this relates to changes in emissions. To do so, the incremental approach was used, comparing urban increments to total emissions and roadside increments to traffic emissions. In total, nine European cities were assessed. The study revealed that potentially confounding factors like the impact of urban pollution at rural monitoring sites through atmospheric transport are generally negligible for NOx. The approach proves therefore particularly useful for this pollutant. The estimated urban increments all showed downward trends and for the majority of the cities the trends aligned well with the total emissions. However, it was found that factors like a very densely populated surrounding or local emission sources in the rural area such as shipping traffic on inland waterways restrict the application of the approach for some cities. The roadside increments showed an overall very diverse picture in their absolute values and trends and also in their relation to traffic emissions. This variability and the discrepancies between roadside increments and emissions could be attributed to a combination of local influencing factors at the street level and different aspects introducing inaccuracies to the trends of the used emission inventories, including deficient emission factors. Applying the incremental approach was evaluated as useful for long-term pan-European studies but at the same time it was found to be restricted to certain regions and cities due to data availability issues. The results also highlight that using emission inventories for the prediction of future health impacts and compliance with limit values needs to consider the distinct variability in the concentrations across but also within cities.
Herbicide weed control increases nutrient leaching compared to mechanical weeding in a large-scale oil palm plantation
Authors: Formaglio Greta , Veldkamp Edzo , Duan Xiaohong , Tjoa Aiyen , Corre Marife D.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Nutrient leaching in intensively managed oil palm plantations can diminish
soil fertility and water quality. There is a need to reduce this
environmental footprint without sacrificing yield. In a large-scale oil palm
plantation in Acrisol soil, we quantified nutrient leaching using a full
factorial experiment with two fertilization rates (260 kg N, 50 kg P, and 220 kg K ha−1 yr−1 as conventional practice and 136 kg N, 17 kg P, and 187 kg K ha−1 yr−1, equal to harvest export, as reduced management) and two
weeding methods (conventional herbicide application and mechanical weeding
as reduced management) replicated in four blocks. Over the course of 1 year, we collected monthly soil pore water at 1.5 m depth in three distinct
management zones: palm circle, inter-row, and frond-stacked area. Nutrient
leaching in the palm circle was low due to low solute concentrations and
small drainage fluxes, probably resulting from large plant uptake. In
contrast, nitrate and aluminum leaching losses were high in the inter-row
due to the high concentrations and large drainage fluxes, possibly resulting
from low plant uptake and low pH. In the frond-stacked area, base cation
leaching was high, presumably from frond litter decomposition, but N
leaching was low. Mechanical weeding reduced leaching losses of base cations compared to the conventional herbicide weeding probably because
herbicides decreased ground vegetation and thus reduced soil nutrient
retention. Reduced fertilization rates diminished the nitrate leaching losses. Leaching of total nitrogen in the mechanical weeding with reduced
fertilization treatment (32±6 kg N ha−1 yr−1) was less
than half of the conventional management (74±20 kg N ha−1 yr−1), whereas yields were not affected by these treatments. Our
findings suggest that mechanical weeding and reduced fertilization should be
included in the program by the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture for
precision farming (e.g., variable rates with plantation age), particularly
for large-scale oil palm plantations. We further suggest including
mechanical weeding and reduced fertilization in science-based policy
recommendations, such as those endorsed by the Roundtable for Sustainable
Palm Oil association.
Ideas and perspectives: Biogeochemistry – Its Future Role in
Interdisciplinary Frontiers
Authors: Bianchi Thomas S. , Anand Madhur , Bauch Chris T. , Canfield Donald E. , De Meester Luc , Fennel Katja , Groffman Peter M. , Pace Michael L. , Saito Mak , Simpson Myrna J.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Biogeochemistry has an important role to play in many environmental issues of current concern related to global change and air, water, and soil quality. However, reliable predictions and tangible take-up of solutions offered by biogeochemistry will need further integration of disciplines. Here, we emphasize how further developing ties between biology, geology, and chemistry and social sciences will advance biogeochemistry through: 1) better integration of mechanisms including contemporary evolutionary adaptation to predict changing biogeochemical cycles; 2) better integration of data from long-term monitoring sites in terrestrial, aquatic, and human systems across temporal and spatial scales, including the continental and global scale, for use in modeling efforts; and 3) implementing insights from social sciences to better understand how sustainable and equitable responses by society are achieved. The challenges of 21st century biogeochemists are formidable, and will require both the capacity to respond fast to pressing issues and intense collaboration with government officials, the public, and internationally-funded programs. Keys to its success will be the degree to which biogeochemistry succeeds in making biogeochemical knowledge more available to policy makers and educators, in predicting future changes in the biosphere in response to climate change and other anthropogenic impacts on time scales from seasons to centuries, and in facilitating sustainable and equitable responses by society.
Surface paleothermometry using low-temperature thermoluminescence of feldspar
Authors: Biswas Rabiul H. , Herman Frédéric , King Georgina E. , Lehmann Benjamin , Singhvi Ashok K.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Thermoluminescence (TL) of feldspar is investigated for its potential
to extract temperature histories experienced by rocks exposed at
Earth's surface. TL signals from feldspar observed in the laboratory
arise from the release of trapped electrons from a continuous
distribution of trapping energies that have a range of thermal
stabilities. The distribution of trapping energies, or thermal
stabilities, is such that the lifetime of trapped electrons at room
temperature ranges from less than a year to several billion
years. Shorter lifetimes are associated with low-temperature TL
signals, or peaks, and longer lifetimes are associated with high
temperature TL signals. Here we show that trapping energies associated
with shorter lifetimes, or lower-temperature TL signals (i.e. between
200 and 250 ∘C), are sensitive to temperature
fluctuations occurring at Earth's surface over geological timescales.
Furthermore, we show that it is possible to reconstruct past surface
temperature histories in terrestrial settings by exploiting the
continuous distribution of trapping energies. The potential of this
method is first tested through theoretical experiments, in which a
periodic temperature history is applied to a kinetic model that
encapsulates the kinetic characteristics of TL thermometry. We then
use a Bayesian approach to invert TL measurements into temperature
histories of rocks, assuming that past temperature variations follow
climate variations observed in the δ18O records. Finally,
we test the approach on two samples collected at the Mer de Glace
(Mont Blanc massif, European Alps) and find similar temperature
histories for both samples. Our results show that the TL of feldspar may
be used as a paleothermometer.
The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2: large-scale climate features and climate sensitivity
Authors: Haywood Alan M. , Tindall Julia C. , Dowsett Harry J. , Dolan Aisling M. , Foley Kevin M. , Hunter Stephen J. , Hill Daniel J. , Chan Wing-Le , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Stepanek Christian , Lohmann Gerrit , Chandan Deepak , Peltier W. Richard , Tan Ning , Contoux Camille , Ramstein Gilles , Li Xiangyu , Zhang Zhongshi , Guo Chuncheng , Nisancioglu Kerim H. , Zhang Qiong , Li Qiang , Kamae Youichi , Chandler Mark A. , Sohl Linda E. , Otto-Bliesner Bette L. , Feng Ran , Brady Esther C. , von der Heydt Anna S. , Baatsen Michiel L. J. , Lunt Daniel J.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The Pliocene epoch has great potential to improve our
understanding of the long-term climatic and environmental consequences of an atmospheric CO2 concentration near ∼400 parts per
million by volume. Here we present the large-scale features of Pliocene
climate as simulated by a new ensemble of climate models of varying
complexity and spatial resolution based on new reconstructions of
boundary conditions (the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2;
PlioMIP2). As a global annual average, modelled surface air temperatures
increase by between 1.7 and 5.2 ∘C relative to the pre-industrial era
with a multi-model mean value of 3.2 ∘C. Annual mean total
precipitation rates increase by 7 % (range: 2 %–13 %). On average, surface air temperature (SAT) increases by 4.3 ∘C over land and 2.8 ∘C over the oceans. There is a clear pattern of polar amplification with warming polewards of 60∘ N and 60∘ S exceeding the global mean warming by a factor of 2.3. In the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, meridional temperature gradients are reduced, while tropical zonal gradients remain largely unchanged. There is a statistically significant relationship between a model's climate response associated with a doubling in CO2 (equilibrium climate sensitivity; ECS) and its simulated Pliocene surface temperature response. The mean ensemble Earth system response to a doubling of CO2 (including ice sheet feedbacks) is 67 % greater than ECS; this is larger than the increase of 47 % obtained from the PlioMIP1 ensemble. Proxy-derived estimates of Pliocene sea surface temperatures are used to assess model estimates of ECS and give an ECS range of 2.6–4.8 ∘C. This result is in general accord with the ECS range presented by previous Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Reports.
Phosphoserine for the generation of lanthanide binding sites on
proteins for paramagnetic NMR
Authors: Mekkattu Tharayil Sreelakshmi , Mahawaththa Mithun Chamikara , Loh Choy-Theng , Adekoya Ibidolapo , Otting Gottfried
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Pseudocontact shifts (PCS) generated by paramagnetic lanthanide ions provide valuable long-range structural information in NMR spectroscopic analyses of biological macromolecules such as proteins, but labelling proteins site-specifically with a single lanthanide ion remains an ongoing challenge, especially for proteins that are not suitable for ligation with cysteine-reactive lanthanide complexes. We show that a specific lanthanide binding site can be installed on proteins by incorporation of phosphoserine in conjunction with other negatively charged residues, such as aspartate, glutamate or a second phosphoserine residue. The close proximity of the binding sites to the protein backbone leads to good immobilization of the lanthanide ion, as evidenced by the excellent quality of fits between experimental PCSs and PCSs calculated with a single magnetic susceptibility anisotropy (Δχ) tensor. An improved two-plasmid system was designed to enhance the yields of proteins with genetically encoded phosphoserine and good lanthanide ion affinities were obtained when the side chains of the phosphoserine and aspartate residues are not engaged in salt bridges, although the presence of too many negatively charged residues in close proximity can also lead to unfolding of the protein. In view of the quality of the Δχ tensors that can be obtained from lanthanide binding sites generated by site-specific incorporation of phosphoserine, this method presents an attractive tool for generating PCSs in stable proteins, particularly as it is independent of cysteine residues.
Procesos de movilización y demandas colectivas: aproximaciones desde la antropología política
Authors: Betrisey Débora
Published: November 2020

Presentación.
Descartar ciudadanía: sujetos despolitizados en contextos de exclusión e inclusión diferencial
Authors: Parajuá Navarret Daniel
Published: November 2020

Este trabajo desarrolla una propuesta de análisis de los procesos de desactivación política que afectan a los sujetos deslegitimados y, de manera más específica, a las personas migrantes en una situación de relegación social. Para ello, nos detendremos en el examen de los procesos de construcción de ciudadanía diferencial, que implican numerosos dispositivos positivos. Además, será necesario describir aquellos otros dispositivos de desactivación más férreos que implican importantes dificultades de acceso a la legitimidad política. Finalmente, nos preguntaremos por las posibilidades de emergencia de subjetividades políticas desde los márgenes. El análisis etnográfico, así, pretende superar los acercamientos que reproducen una versión restringida de lo político, mostrando las diversas áreas de la vida donde se declinan y resignifican cotidianamente la figura de ciudadanía, así como las luchas y reivindicaciones de derechos consustanciales a la misma.
The world after Covid-19: vulnerabilities, uncertainties, and socio-environmental challenges
Authors: Hiroo Saito Carlos , Laques Anne-Elisabeth , Afelt Aneta
Published: November 2020

The text brings reflections on the challenges posed to the world due to the pandemic, both for its face of fear, amplified by the cacophony of political decisions, but also from the perspective of mutual aid and hope for a better future. The analysis of the pandemic impact on society is based on vulnerability framework. Three angles of analysis are adopted: "Exposure" is approached from the blocks to displacement and lockdown; “Sensitivity” is treated from the point of view of social inequalities, the weakened Welfare State, and strategies of herd immunity; The "capacity of response" is addressed by the role of science and democracies in the face of the crisis. The pandemic vulnerability analysis is based on examples mainly from Brazil, France, and Poland. Based on this vulnerability, it is proposed to rethink sustainable development and the environment: what lessons for the future can we learn from the crisis?
Propaganda eleitoral: reflexões sobre os limites ao direito de livre manifestação do pensamento
Authors: Buzaglo Dantas Marcelo , Siegert Schuch Luiz Felipe
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo é resultado de pesquisa realizada no texto da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988 e legislação infraconstitucional no que se refere à disciplina da propaganda realizada por canditados em período eleitoral. A partir de um caso concreto ocorrido nas eleições municipais de 2012, em um município do Estado de Santa Catarina, procedeu-se a análise sobre o papel do Estado e os limites para o exercício da campanha política quando centrada na descriminalização das drogas, especialmente a “maconha”, de modo a compatibilizar a propaganda eleitoral e o direito constitucional à livre manifestação do pensamento com os relevantes valores ético-sociais encimados na Constituição da República de 1988, dentre eles a proteção à família, às crianças e adolescentes, e o combate ao uso e tráfico ilícito de entorpecentes e drogas afins.
computational thinking problem-thread for grade 7 students and above from the Pósa method
Authors: Bóra Eszter
Published: November 2020

Lajos Pósa has been developing his “learning through discovery” (Győri & Juhász, 2018) method since 1988. His weekend math camps are focused on fostering problem-solving skills and high-level mathematical-thinking skills in gifted students from grades 7 to 11. One of the core aspects of the method is the structure of the problems, all problems are part of a complex, intertwined, and rich network. In this article we analyze a computational thinking problem-thread and its role in the camps’s network of problems (Gosztonyi, 2019), and show some aspects of the method. The insights gained using this method can be useful in other contexts. The possible adaptation of the method to secondary and high schools is briefly discussed as well.

Subject Classification: 97D40
De mogelijkheden en beperkingen van de kruimelgevallenregeling nader belicht
Authors: Olierook S.T.J. (Simon) , Bosma W.J. (Willem)
Published: November 2020

De mogelijkheden en beperkingen van de kruimelgevallenregeling nader belicht

In dit artikel wordt aan de hand van recente jurisprudentie het toepassingsbereik van de kruimelgevallenregeling besproken.
Janusz Homplewicz's pedagogical ethics in the light of changes in the contemporary world and its educational significance
Authors: Rojek Marcin
Published: November 2020

This article synthetically presents the views of Janusz Homplewicz on pedagogical ethics expressed by him explicitly and implicitly, combined with their re-reading and interpretation in the context of contemporary neoliberal changes and trends in education as well as the increasingly presence of modern technologies and an infinitely expandable cyberspace. This raises many challenges and problems in the field of pedagogical ethics, which cannot be solved by the existing interpretations of ethical regulations. They concerned mainly the dualistic world order (good vs. evil, true vs. false, "white" vs. "black"), now replaced by interpretative relativism. Hence, attempts to reinterpret the existing reference points in the field of pedagogical ethics seem justified.
Teacher and pedagogue skills in working with a sexually abused child
Authors: Adamczyk Barbara
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the issue of helping skills that a teacher and pedagogue should have when working with a sexually abused child. The theoretical part of the article defines helping skills essential for the process of understanding a child's difficult situation and their basic types were described. The subject of the research was the helping skills of a teacher and pedagogue in working with people who experienced sexual violence. The purpose of the study was to determine and describe the professional skills of a teacher and pedagogue ‒ strengthening the storytelling by the child and calming the emotions accompanying the story. The study used the narrative method with the use of content analysis. The research problem took the form of the question: What are the components of a teacher and pedagogue skills in helping a sexually abused child? The research was conducted in 2019 among 23 postgraduate students preparing for counselling work. The obtained research results allowed for the selection of subcategories within the studied categories that visualize the specificity and value of the helping skills described by the respondents, and for the identification of components that determine effective help and support by teachers and pedagogues for a child experiencing sexual violence. In addition, the conclusions from the research are valuable for pedagogical practice, especially in the field of enriching the educational offer for the teaching and pedagogical profession with regard to activities supporting people experiencing violence.
The importance of peer mediation in the social functioning of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Młynarczyk-Karabin Ewelina
Published: November 2020

The aim of the article is to indicate the role of peer relationships in the functioning of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and to indicate the potential possibilities of establishing interaction with a peer group. Peer mediation is one of the principles that apply to intervening with students with ASD. It is based on the involvement of peers as social skills trainers and mentors of a student with autism. Through the interaction, peers learn ways to involve a child with ASD in collaborative activities that they initiate themselves or that are planned by their teacher. The basic types of peer mediation include: Integrative Play Groups, Colleague Mentor, Peer Group and Group Oriented Approach. Supporting students with ASD through peer mediation is a method that has been shown to be effective in research. It has a positive effect not only on the development of children with ASD, but also on children with typical development. The implementation of mediation in the peer group is a great opportunity for children with ASD to reduce the risk of being rejected by their peers, and in the future to establish friendships between children.
The atmosphere in the school class in the perception of primary school students
Authors: Rozenbajgier Małgorzata
Published: November 2020

The article describes the research results regarding the atmosphere in the school class. The research used the diagnostic survey method and the survey technique. The author's survey questionnaire was used in the research, which included open and closed questions. The research shows that the majority of four-graders perceive the atmosphere in their school classes positively. The respondents like their classmates and feel safe in the classroom. Teachers influence the atmosphere of the classroom through their friendly attitude towards students as well as through conversations with students, help and support.
Look-Back Study of Transfusion-Transmitted Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Iran
Authors: Ranjbar Kermani Fahimeh , Amini-Kafiabad Sedigheh , Mousavi Hosseini Kamran , Maghsudlu Mahtab , Sharifi Zohreh , Mansournia Mohammad Ali
Published: November 2020

Background: With the identification of blood donors with a subsequent positive result in HCV screening and the possibility of HCV transmission via their previous negative donations, the role of look-back investigation has been crucial in enhancing blood safety. A retrospective study was conducted to identify the fate of blood components from donors subsequently found to be confirmed HCV positive cases with previous negative donations. Objectives: This look-back study aimed to determine the transfusion-induced hepatitis C virus infection through previous HCV-negative donations of subsequent HCV positive blood donors in Iran. Methods: In this study, all serologically confirmed HCV positive blood donors across the country from December 2015 to June 2017 were included. A look-back process was conducted by tracing back previous HCV negative donations of subsequent HCV-positive blood donors to specific recipients, according to the IBTO instructions. The HCV RNA testing was carried out using an in-house one-step TaqMan real-time RT-PCR assay. Results: During the study period, 280 serologically confirmed HCV-positive blood donors were included, with 267 as first-time, nine as repeated, and three as regular donors. Of the participants, the first-time donors were excluded, the repeated donors were not eligible, and only the regular donors were selected for the look-back study. The HCV RNA was detected in one regular donor, but HCV infection was not detected in his previous donation recipient. In addition, more than two HCV risk factors were reported by each regular blood donor. Conclusions: According to the results, evidence of HCV transmission via previous blood transfusions and the risk of HCV infection was not observed among recipients. Due to the reporting of some HCV risk factors by the subjects, paying proper attention to the donor selection process is highly recommended.
MCS-MCMC for Optimising Architectures and Weights of Higher Order Neural Networks
Authors:   Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johore, Malaysia, Husaini Noor Aida , Ghazali Rozaida , Arbaiy Nureize , Lasisi Ayodele
Published: November 2020

The standard method to train the Higher Order Neural Networks (HONN) is the well-known Backpropagation (BP) algorithm. Yet, the current BP algorithm has several limitations including easily stuck into local minima, particularly when dealing with highly non-linear problems and utilise computationally intensive training algorithms. The current BP algorithm is also relying heavily on the initial weight values and other parameters picked. Therefore, in an attempt to overcome the BP drawbacks, we investigate a method called Modified Cuckoo Search-Markov chain Monté Carlo for optimising the weights in HONN and boost the learning process. This method, which lies in the Swarm Intelligence area, is notably successful in optimisation task. We compared the performance with several HONN-based network models and standard Multilayer Perceptron on four (4) time series datasets: Temperature, Ozone, Gold Close Price and Bitcoin Closing Price from various repositories. Simulation results indicate that this swarm-based algorithm outperformed or at least at par with the network models with current BP algorithm in terms of lower error rate.