bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vertically Integrated Project (VIP) as a learning experience to foster entrepreneurship education
Authors: Morini Cristiano , Azevedo Anibal Tavares , Inácio Júnior Edmundo , Coyle Edward J.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: we aim is to present a learning approach for students to work on a hands-on project that may be applied to different contexts. This experience relates to an initiative to foster entrepreneurial education embedded in economic sustainability based on the best local practices (highest-ranked municipalities) that we find and analyze to solve complex problems in the business environment. Design/Methodology/Approach: our approach is to collaborate with policymakers at the municipal level via a research-based project approach called Vertically Integrated Project (VIP). In our VIP, students work with instructors in a long-term effort to identify challenges and opportunities by working with the community to analyze problems, develop solutions (with different techniques and approaches), and monitor their implementation. Findings: new learning approaches can engage the students in real-world problem, adding value to their formation and giving back to society the investment they made in the Brazilian public university. Originality: this initiative is in tune with the 4th and the 11th sustainable development goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations (UN). Practical implications: this study aims to stimulate entrepreneurial education using multidisciplinary and alternative learning approaches. Social implications: this approach can deliver SDG-related impact to local communities by linking research-based teaching with community outreach.
JEL Code: L26, M10, H75, I23
Karosszérialakatos munkák során alkalmazott hegesztési eljárások összehasonlítása
Authors: Zsótér Brigitta , Benkő Máté , Molnár Tamás
Published: March 2023

A karosszérialakatos munkák során a legismertebb eljárásokat vizsgáltuk mind statikai-, gazdaságossági- és korrózióvédelmi szempontokat figyelembe véve. Ezen eljárások kiválasztása az alkalmazásuk gyakoriságát tekintve történt. A próbatestek legyártása során a szabványos mintát használtuk, illetve a karosszérialakatosok által is használt hegesztési módszerrel és fogásokkal lettek elkészítve. A szakítóvizsgálat elvégzése után az eredményekből kiderült, hogy lényeges különbség statikailag nincs a vizsgált 4 hasonló eljárás között, a lánghegesztés egymásnak illesztett lemezek esetében, a MIG hegesztés egymásnak illesztett lemezek esetében, a MIG hegesztés lapolt lemezek esetében, és a MIG hegesztés lapolt peremezett lemezek esetében. A MIG eljárással végzett ponthegesztés bizonyult a leggyengébbnek. Viszont gazdasági szempontból az a legolcsóbb eljárás, utána a MIG hegesztővel legyártottak, végül pedig a lánghegesztés.
Szeged környéki mezőgazdasági kft. készletgazdálkodása – etikai vonatkozásokkal
Authors: Zsótér Brigitta , Búrány Árpád , Deák Dalma
Published: March 2023

A készletekkel való gazdálkodás ugyan más jelentéssel bír mezőgazdasági értelemben, mint egy kereskedelmi láncnál, de nem kevésbé fontos. Felvetődik a kérdés, hogy miért tartunk készletet? A legtöbb esetben a készlettartás célja a kereslet kielégítése, ugyanis a kereslet és kínálat nem előre meghatározott helyen és időben találkozik, hanem azt a külső körülmények alakítják. Így van ez a mezőgazdaságban is. Kutatásunk célja az egyszerű készletgazdálkodási módszerek bemutatása és összevetése a gyakorlatban megjelenő mezőgazdasági példán keresztül. Továbbá ennek etikai vonatkozásainak vizsgálata.
Annular Impinging Jets and an Active Control of Hysteretic Effects
Authors: Devani Y. , Antošová Z. , Trávníček Z.
Published: March 2023

An annular impinging air jet with and without flow control was studied experimentally using measurements of the wall pressure and flow velocity by the Pitot probe. To investigate flow control swirling effects, eight synthetic jets were generated from the nozzle center body. The experiments cover Reynolds numbers 4000–10,000 (evaluated from the outer exit diameter of the annular nozzle). For Re<9000, the bistability and hysteresis were identified and two different flow field patterns (A, B) were found under the same boundary conditions. For A pattern, a small recirculation area (bubble) of separated flow is attached to the nozzle center body. For B pattern, a large recirculation area bridges entire nozzle-to-wall distance. For higher Re>9000, the hysteresis were not found.
On Reynolds-Averaged Turbulence Modeling with Immersed Boundary Method
Authors: Kubíčková L. , Isoz M.
Published: March 2023

The immersed boundary (IB) method is an approach in the computational fluid dynamics in which complex geometry conforming meshes are replaced by simple ones and the true simulated geometry is projected onto the simple mesh by a scalar field and adjustment of governing equations. Such an approach is particularly advantageous in topology optimizations (TO) where it allows for substantial speed-up since a single mesh can be used for all the tested topologies. In our previous work, we linked our custom IB variant, the hybrid fictitious domain-immersed boundary method (HFDIB), with a TO framework and successfully carried out an optimization under laminar flow conditions. However, to allow for optimizations of reallife components, the IB approach needs to be coupled with an affordable turbulence modeling. In this contribution, we focus on extending the HFDIB approach by the possibility to perform Reynolds-averaged simulations (RAS). In particular, we implemented the k − ω turbulence model and wall functions for closure variables and velocity.
Instabilities and Attractors in Large Aspect Ratio Stratified/Rotating Fluids
Authors: Sibgatullin I. , Elistratov S. , Xu X.
Published: March 2023

Internal and inertial waves are ubiquitous in the world’s oceans, and the energy that they transfer from the global tide to the smaller scales may impact the vertical mixing and global currents. The dynamics of internal and inertial waves in closed domains possesses a remarkable property of self-focusing on geometrical limit cycles called wave attractors. The significant growth of wave amplitude at the wave attractors results in instabilities for viscous fluids. The scenarios of the transition to turbulence and the description of the fully turbulent regimes differ substantially from the cases observed in closed domains in the absence of wave attractors. Our previous studies demonstrated the key role of a cascade of triadic resonances as the route to fully developed wave turbulence, either with overturning events or not. Presently we consider a shallow trapezoid and the wave attractors that form after multiple reflections from the horizontal boundaries. The saturation time of (n,1) wave attractors in laminar viscous fluids grows linearly with n if the wavemaker is located at the sidewall. Next we show that in a shallow elongated domain with small aspect (depth-to-length) ratio, the frequency spectrum of (1,1) wave attractor motion may exhibit significant peaks at integer and halfinteger multiples of the forcing frequency. For an aspect ratio of about one tenth the temporal average of the total kinetic energy grows monotonically with the amplitude and exhibits a bend at a particular amplitude. Below this amplitude the cascade transferring energy to integer superharmonic components prevails, while above it the amplitudes of waves at integer and half-integer multiples of the forcing frequency are comparable. The spatial spectra of the waves are compared for domains of aspect ratio varying from small values to values close to unity. It is shown that in the former case (i.e. for elongated shallow domains) the spectrum exhibits two zones at small and high wave numbers characterized by different slopes. The fully turbulent regimes show a trend toward a long-term evolution leading to new regimes with a complex resonant dynamics of large-scale coherent structures.
Sustainable consumption in the digital age: A plea for a systemic policy approach to turn risks into opportunities
Authors: Gossen Maike , Lell Otmar
Published: March 2023

Digitalization offers opportunities for sustainable consumption patterns. However, the patterns enforced by present digital business models are not sustainable. Current European Union regulatory approaches for both consumers and environmental policies do not systematically address this
challenge. By introducing “positive accountability,” we propose a systemic policy approach to hold digital companies accountable for their impact on consumers and the environment; supporting sustainable consumption in the digital age.
Discourses surrounding sustainability and digitalization in Europe on Twitter over time
Authors: Angst Mario , Strauß Nadine
Published: March 2023

Digitalization and sustainability transformations are contested change processes, accompanied by wide public discourse. But what concerns the public? Our analysis of the social media discourse on Twitter in the last decade reveals key discursive hubs such as smart cities and climate
change, as well as blind spots such as sufficiency strategies. It also points to differences between societal and academic discourse, and where increased engagement of researchers and sustainability professionals would be needed to move forward.This study analyzes the discourses surrounding
the interrelation between digitalization and sustainability in Europe on Twitter between 2010 and 2021. We identify 34,802 tweets related to the interrelation between digitalization and sustainability among 634,017 tweets discussing sustainability issues with explicit mentions of Europe. Based
on a qualitative analysis of tweets, we identify the main domains discussed (and not discussed). We then sketch the development of the identified domains, as well as their relationship to each other over time, based on a quantitative analysis of their (co-)occurrences. We find that smart city
and mobility were two of the most dominant and interrelated domains, particularly in the middle of the decade. In parallel, the domain of climate change has gained ever more attention since 2017 and has emerged as a discursive hub. We further develop hypotheses for how external factors and
events (especially EU-level programs) likely led to increases in attention to some domains. Finally, we find that the Twitter discourse across domains mirrors common blind spots regarding sustainable digitalization discourses in its uncritical stance toward economic growth and its overreliance
on efficiency in comparison to sufficiency concerns.
Digitalization and sustainability: A systematic literature analysis of ICT for Sustainability research
Authors: Santarius Tilman , Wagner Josephin
Published: March 2023

Close scrutiny of the ICT for Sustainability conference proceedings on digitalization and sustainability reveals a bias on (technological) efficiency solutions. This bias is mirrored in blind spots in the public discourse and the political debate. The sustainable transformation
of society calls for more comprehensive research ‐ and research funding ‐ to fill the gaps and integrate efficiency, consistency, and sufficiency strategies on the levels of life-cycle, enabling, and structural effects.In order to govern processes of digitalization for the
purpose of the common good, it is important to understand the opportunities and risks of information and communications technology (ICT) for a sustainable transformation of society. In this article, we systematically review 215 publications from the ICT for Sustainability (ICT4S) conference
corpus in order to investigate the state of debate. We analyze to what extent research covers sustainability implications of ICT, 1. regarding different levels of actions and effects, as well as 2. regarding the three different strategies of sustainability ‐ efficiency, consistency,
and sufficiency. We find that ICT4S research has a one-sided focus on digital efficiency improvements and on life-cycle impacts of ICT devices and applications. There is far less research on digitalization’s potential to advance sufficiency-oriented practices, and questions of
how to foster digital sustainability transformations at macro- and structural level are only marginally treated. We draw conclusions for funding and science politics.
Monitoring the Sustainable Development Goals in cities: Potentials and pitfalls of using smart city data
Authors: Koch Florian , Beyer Sarah , Chen Chih-Yu
Published: March 2023

Smart city strategies highlight the potential to generate new type of data through new technology, for example crowdsourced data. Based on an empirical study, we show the potentials and limits of using new data for monitoring urban sustainability and especially the Sustainable Development
Goals.The latest debate on smart cities and sustainability is underpinned by the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda and their accompanying Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which place urban data and monitoring systems at the forefront. Therefore, there is a strong
need to assess the data-driven capabilities that will help achieve the SDGs. To fill the capability gaps between existing tools and SDG indicators, new smart city data sources are now available. However, scant indicators and assessment criteria have been empirically validated.
This paper identifies some of the challenges alongside the potential of using new local data in urban monitoring systems. A case study of an SDG monitoring platform implementation in a district of Berlin is examined, and the results show that the use of locale-specific, and unofficial
data not only improves data availability, but it also encourages local public participation. Based on our empirical findings, we determine that the incorporation of new data for urban sustainability monitoring should be treated as a complex social process.
Using augmented reality in urban planning processes: Sustainable urban transitions through innovative participation
Authors: Othengrafen Frank , Sievers Lars , Reinecke Eva
Published: March 2023

The use of augmented reality applications in urban planning improves the quality of participation processes and contributes to sustainable city development. However, as our case studies also show, these potentials are not fully exploited yet as augmented reality is not yet used in all
planning phases.Sustainable urban development requires innovative approaches and concepts that involve people not only in planning processes but also in influencing the design of urban space. Modern formats, such as augmented reality (AR), can help to increase the motivation for participation
and present different planning concepts more realistically through different forms of visualization. Based on case studies in Vienna, Austria, and Lucerne, Switzerland, we examine AR applications in planning participation and discuss the innovative nature of these applications. We show that
the use of AR not only increases the motivation of the population to participate in planning processes but also increases the quality of participation processes and can, thus, trigger a sustainable transformation of cities.
Homogenization of oblique boundary value problems
Authors: Choi Sunhi , Kim Inwon C.
Published: March 2023

We consider a nonlinear Neumann problem, with periodic oscillation in the elliptic operator and on the boundary condition. Our focus is on problems posed in half-spaces, but with general normal directions that may not be parallel to the directions of periodicity. As the frequency of the oscillation grows, quantitative homogenization results are derived. When the homogenized operator is rotation-invariant, we prove the Hölder continuity of the homogenized boundary data. While we follow the outline of Choi and Kim (Homogenization for nonlinear PDEs in general domains with oscillatory Neumann boundary data, Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées 102 (2014), no. 2, 419–448), new challenges arise due to the presence of tangential derivatives on the boundary condition in our problem. In addition, we improve and optimize the rate of convergence within our approach. Our results appear to be new even for the linear oblique problem.
They are all against us! The effects of populist blame attributions to political, corporate, and scientific elites
Authors: Hameleers Michael , van der Meer Toni G. L. A. , Boumans Jelle W.
Published: March 2023

Populist attributions of blame have important effects on citizens’ attitudes, cognitions, emotions, and behaviors. Extending previous studies that have mostly looked at populist messages blaming political elites, we use an online survey experiment (N = 805) to investigate the effects of blaming different elitist actors in populist and non-populist ways: (1) political elites, (2) corporate elites, (3) scientific elites, and (4) a combination of these elites. We compare mere causal responsibility attribution to populist blame attributions that highlight a central opposition between “pure ordinary people” and “corrupt elites” to tease out the specific effect of populist rhetoric. Results suggest that populist messages blaming all elites have stronger effects than isolated cues. Furthermore, populist blame attribution leads to more negative perceptions of the elites than non-populist blame attribution. The finding that populist frames can – under some conditions – activate negative perceptions toward different elites is alarming in times of declining trust in societal institutions, and calls for a more encompassing understanding of populists’ scapegoats.
Consistency of mixture models with a prior on the number of components
Authors: Miller Jeffrey W.
Published: March 2023

This article establishes general conditions for posterior consistency of Bayesian finite mixture models with a prior on the number of components. That is, we provide sufficient conditions under which the posterior concentrates on neighborhoods of the true parameter values when the data are generated from a finite mixture over the assumed family of component distributions. Specifically, we establish almost sure consistency for the number of components, the mixture weights, and the component parameters, up to a permutation of the component labels. The approach taken here is based on Doob’s theorem, which has the advantage of holding under extraordinarily general conditions, and the disadvantage of only guaranteeing consistency at a set of parameter values that has probability one under the prior. However, we show that in fact, for commonly used choices of prior, this yields consistency at Lebesgue-almost all parameter values, which is satisfactory for most practical purposes. We aim to formulate the results in a way that maximizes clarity, generality, and ease of use.
Vermittlung auf Augenhöhe – digitale Editionen inklusiv gestaltet
Authors: Henzel Katrin
Published: March 2023

Digital editions should be permanently accessible to all – but what about people with disabilities? This question is explored in this article. It is not only about the publication of data on the user interface, but also about data generation as well as the findability and reusability of data from editions with regard to improved access. While there are already concrete recommendations for designing the user interface to be more accessible, there is still a lack of specifications for the subsequent use of data beyond the user interface.
Varianz vermitteln
Authors: Herberichs Cornelia , Viehhauser Gabriel
Published: March 2023

Textual variance poses a particular challenge to editing medieval texts. Digital editions in particular can respond to these challenges in order to convey to the user the potential of variance and to enable an interpretation of medieval literary works that is close to their actual transmission. This paper presents some possibilities of dealing with and presenting variance through the example of the digital edition of a late-medieval legendary, the so-called Der Heiligen Leben, Redaktion. This collection of saints’ legends offers a particularly good example of the value of considering textual variants, while also posing particular challenges for communicating variance.
The fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) in adults and children: testing trait-congruent false memories in the Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm
Authors: Brauer Kay , Proyer René T.
Published: March 2023

The fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) is an individual differences variable characterized by negative reactions to laughter. Based on the theory of trait-congruent information processing, we conducted a series of experiments to examine a gelotophobia-related memory bias toward laughter in the Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm. The DRM is a reliable method to provoke false memories (FM). In Study 1 (101 adults), gelotophobia related positively to FM of the “laughter”-lure in recognition, and greater confidence in that FM (d ≤ 0.32). However, findings did not replicate in independent samples of 167 adults and 172 children of the preregistered Study 2. Aggregating the findings across studies indicated that gelotophobia is unrelated to laughter-related FM in the DRM paradigm (d ≤ 0.10) and that FM do not account for gelotophobes’ memories of ridicule.
Inhibition of Nonsense-Mediated Decay Induces Nociceptive Sensitization through Activation of the Integrated Stress Response
Authors: de la Peña June Bryan , Chase Rebecca , Kunder Nikesh , Smith Patrick R. , Lou Tzu-Fang , Stanowick Alexander , Suresh Prarthana , Shukla Tarjani , Butcher Samuel E. , Price Theodore J. , Campbell Zachary T.
Published: March 2023

RNA stability is meticulously controlled. Here, we sought to determine whether an essential post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism plays a role in pain. Nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) safeguards against translation of mRNAs that harbor premature termination codons and controls the stability of ∼10% of typical protein-coding mRNAs. It hinges on the activity of the conserved kinase SMG1. Both SMG1 and its target, UPF1, are expressed in murine DRG sensory neurons. SMG1 protein is present in both the DRG and sciatic nerve. Using high-throughput sequencing, we examined changes in mRNA abundance following inhibition of SMG1. We confirmed multiple NMD stability targets in sensory neurons, including ATF4. ATF4 is preferentially translated during the integrated stress response (ISR). This led us to ask whether suspension of NMD induces the ISR. Inhibition of NMD increased eIF2-α phosphorylation and reduced the abundance of the eIF2-α phosphatase constitutive repressor of eIF2-α phosphorylation. Finally, we examined the effects of SMG1 inhibition on pain-associated behaviors. Peripheral inhibition of SMG1 results in mechanical hypersensitivity in males and females that persists for several days and priming to a subthreshold dose of PGE2. Priming was fully rescued by a small-molecule inhibitor of the ISR. Collectively, our results indicate that suspension of NMD promotes pain through stimulation of the ISR.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNociceptors undergo long-lived changes in their plasticity which may contribute to chronic pain. Translational regulation has emerged as a dominant mechanism in pain. Here, we investigate the role of a major pathway of RNA surveillance called nonsense-mediated decay (NMD). Modulation of NMD is potentially beneficial for a broad array of diseases caused by frameshift or nonsense mutations. Our results suggest that inhibition of the rate-limiting step of NMD drives behaviors associated with pain through activation of the ISR. This work reveals complex interconnectivity between RNA stability and translational regulation and suggests an important consideration in harnessing the salubrious benefits of NMD disruption.
Differential Effects of Astrocyte Manipulations on Learned Motor Behavior and Neuronal Ensembles in the Motor Cortex
Authors: Delepine Chloe , Shih Jennifer , Li Keji , Gaudeaux Pierre , Sur Mriganka
Published: March 2023

Although motor cortex is crucial for learning precise and reliable movements, whether and how astrocytes contribute to its plasticity and function during motor learning is unknown. Here, we report that astrocyte-specific manipulations in primary motor cortex (M1) during a lever push task alter motor learning and execution, as well as the underlying neuronal population coding. Mice that express decreased levels of the astrocyte glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) show impaired and variable movement trajectories, whereas mice with increased astrocyte Gq signaling show decreased performance rates, delayed response times, and impaired trajectories. In both groups, which include male and female mice, M1 neurons have altered interneuronal correlations and impaired population representations of task parameters, including response time and movement trajectories. RNA sequencing further supports a role for M1 astrocytes in motor learning and shows changes in astrocytic expression of glutamate transporter genes, GABA transporter genes, and extracellular matrix protein genes in mice that have acquired this learned behavior. Thus, astrocytes coordinate M1 neuronal activity during motor learning, and our results suggest that this contributes to learned movement execution and dexterity through mechanisms that include regulation of neurotransmitter transport and calcium signaling.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe demonstrate for the first time that in the M1 of mice, astrocyte function is critical for coordinating neuronal population activity during motor learning. We demonstrate that knockdown of astrocyte glutamate transporter GLT1 affects specific components of learning, such as smooth trajectory formation. Altering astrocyte calcium signaling by activation of Gq-DREADD upregulates GLT1 and affects other components of learning, such as response rates and reaction times as well as trajectory smoothness. In both manipulations, neuronal activity in motor cortex is dysregulated, but in different ways. Thus, astrocytes have a crucial role in motor learning via their influence on motor cortex neurons, and they do so by mechanisms that include regulation of glutamate transport and calcium signals.
OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF ZnO FILMS PREPARED BY CBD TECHNIQUE
Authors:   Clinical laboratory science department, Pharmacy College, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, AL-WARDY R. A. , ABBAS A. S. ,   Department of geophysics, College of remote sensing &geophysics, Al-Karkh University for science, Baghdad, Iraq, ABBAS S. I. ,   Medical physics Department, Science College, University of Al-Karkh for science, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: March 2023

Thin films of zinc oxide (ZnO) with ammonia solution to 300ml of aqueous solution Zn(NO3)2 . 6H2O (0.3M) are created via (CBD) technique on commercial glass substrates with bath temperature (80± 5) °C and annealing temperatures at (373, 473 and 573)K at constant time of 1h. The deposited films optical absorbance was defined utilizing SP3000NANO optima (UV-V is spectrophotometer) and shows that the optical energies gaps for ZnO films increase slightly through a rise in temperature of annealing of the samples at 373K and 473K and register around 3.77eV and 3.78eV respectively. While the energy gap decreases to 3.73eV with increase the annealing temperature at 573K. The wide band gap ZnO has applications of wide array in areas include solar cells, light conductors, chemical sensors and ultraviolet laser diodes.
Investigation on the physicochemical properties and antibacterial activity of pure and Zn doped CuO nanoparticles
Authors:   Department of Science & Humanities, M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, India, Guru Prasad L. , Janeba T. ,   Department of Physics, Noorul Islam University, Thuckalay -629175, India, Ganapathi Raman R. ,   Department of Physics, Noorul Islam University, Thuckalay -629175, India
Published: March 2023

Pure and Zn doped CuO nanoparticles have been synthesized by co-precipitation method. Structural characterization reveals that the prepared materials are in monoclinic structure. Band gap value of the calculated from optical spectrum and it is observed band gap of the prepared materials gets decrease by increasing the concentration of dopant. It is evidently visible in SEM picture that the Zn doped CuO nanoparticles are nearly globular in form with identical size distribution. Antibacterial activity of the title materials have also been tested against Acinetobacterbaumanni and Klebsiella pneumonia.
Utilization of solar energy for photodegradation of basic violet 10 using tin oxide doped ZnO
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamilnadu, India, Padmavathi R. , Lydia I. S. ,   Department of Chemistry, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Trichy, Tamilnadu, India, Prasad S. ,   Department of Chemistry, Pachaiyappa’s College for Men, Kancheepuram,Tamilnadu, India, Selvi M. T. ,   Department of Chemistry, K.Ramakrishnan college of Engineering(Autonomous), Trichy, Tamilnadu, India, Kalaiselvan S. ,   Department of Chemistry, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamilnadu, India
Published: March 2023

In this study, the Tin oxide doped Zinc Oxide (TZO) photo catalyst was fabricated using drop by drop method, an effective route to produce novel nano TZO which will enhance the photocatalytic decolorization of Basic Violet 10 dye. The structural and surface morphology were investigated using techniques such as XRD, SEM, and EDAX. In this study, the degradation of basic violet 10 dye had been carried out in the presence of sunlight. It was observed that the prepared TZO photocatalyst was very effective in degrading the dye entirely within a short period (120 minutes). The influence of operating parameters on basic violet 10 including the amount of photocatalyst, dye concentration, H2O2 concentration and temperature were thoroughly examined. The kinetic study revealed that the degradation of photocatalytic reaction showed pseudo-first-order kinetics.
Effect of proton radiation on the performance ofInGaP/GaAs solar cell
Authors:   Physics & Semiconductor Devices Laboratory (LPDS), Tahri Mohamed University of Bechar, Algeria, Elmir H. , Dennai B. ,   Laboratory for the Development of Renewable Energies and their Applications in Saharan areas (LDERAS), Tahri Mohamed University of Bechar, Algeria, Fillali M. ,   Laboratory for the Development of Renewable Energies and their Applications in Saharan areas (LDERAS), Tahri Mohamed University of Bechar, Algeria
Published: March 2023

To understand the effect of radiation on the performance of tandem solar cells based on III-V materials in space and AM0 ; we exposed our solar cell InGaP/GaAs to proton ions radiation with different energy using SRIM simulation software( Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter ) [1], and we investigate the effect of proton energy. The I-V characteristics and degradation of the electrical parameters (efficiency EFF; current schourt-circuit Jsc, voltage open-cicuit Vco and FF) are simulated by SILVACO TCAD [2] simulation software before and after irradiation.
Influence of post annealing temperature on the thermoelectric properties of bulk ZnSnO
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Ali H. T. , Rehman U. ,   Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Mahmood K. ,   Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Yusuf M. ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Ikram S. ,   Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Ali A. ,   Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Amin N. ,   Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Ashfaq A. ,   Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Ali Y. ,   Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Sajjad M. A. ,   Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Pakistan
Published: March 2023

In this manuscript, we have studied the structural, electrical and thermoelectric properties of bulk ZnSnO by post growth annealing method. X-Ray Diffraction data showed that the crystallinity was found to be improved y annealing up to 700oC due to compensation of oxygen vacancy type donor defects. But further annealing forced the oxygen atoms to diffuse into the interstitial sites, therefore causes degradation in the crystal quality. Thermoelectric properties were increased with annealing temperature up to 700oC and then decreased due to further annealing. The sharp enhancement of thermoelectric properties is due to mobility increase of carriers.
Enhanced power conversion efficiency of the polycrystalline solar cells using spinel MnFe2O4 nanoparticles as an ARC material
Authors:   Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Tamil Nadu, India - 638060, Arun Kumar S. , Rajasekar R. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Tamil Nadu, India - 638060, Nithyavathy N. ,   Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Tamil Nadu, India - 638060, Gobinath V. K. ,   Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Tamil Nadu, India - 638060, Santhosh S. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Tamil Nadu, India - 638060
Published: March 2023

The Spinel magnetic nanoparticles (MnFe2O4) were prepared by using the precursors Manganese Chloride (Mncl2) and Ferric Chloride (FeCl2) using co-precipitation method. The synthesized nanoparticles can be used as a suitable Antireflective coating (ARC) for increasing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of silicon solar cells. The prepared nanoparticles are deposited on the silicon solar cells using spin coating method. Single to quadruple layers of MnFe2O4 were coated. The prepared nanoparticles were confirmed by using characterization such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX). The XRD analysis reveals the formation of the spinel nanostructure for the synthesized MnFe2O4 nanoparticles. EDX analysis was used to check the elemental composition of the Mn, Fe and O in the samples. The crystal structure, particle size and lattice parameters were obtained by the XRD technique. The optical and electrical characterizations were done comprehensively to find out the performance of coated and uncoated solar cells. The surface morphology and the coating thickness were measured using the AFM technique.
Hybrid surface plasmon polariton (SPPs) modes between metal and anisotropic plasma interface
Authors:   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Azam M. , Ghaffar A. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Jamil Y. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Bhatti H. N. ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Published: March 2023

This manuscript investigates the properties of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) at anisotropic plasma metal interface. It has been shown that magnetized plasma surface plasmon waves have unique features such as hybridization nature, the existence of cutoff frequency and the dependence of normalized prorogation constant and prorogation length on plasma parameters such as cyclotron frequencies (𝜔𝑐) and plasma frequency (𝜔𝑝). The influence of plasma features on normalized propagation constant and propagation as the function of frequency under different values of plasma frequency and cyclotron frequencies are studied. This suggest SPPs at magnetized plasma metal interface may be exploited for Plasma-on-Chip for cancer treatment.
Investigation of the opto-magnetic properties of Co doped ZnO nanoparticles and thin films for spintronics
Authors:   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag-82524, Egypt, Ibrahim E. M. M. , Mahmoud A. Z. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, Galal L. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, El Sayed Y. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia, Shaaban E. R. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71542, Egypt
Published: March 2023

Zn1-xCoxO (0≤x≤0.10) nanocrystalline compounds with different compositions were prepared by ball milling, and thin films of these compounds were prepared by electron evaporation method. XRD patterns are used to study the structural properties of these films. All films showed a hexagonal wurtzite structure. Using XRD patterns, calculate crystallite. The optical constants n and k of the Zn1-xCoxO nanocrystalline film are calculated in the range of 300-2500 nm based on K-K method. As Co is more doped, the refractive index also shows an increase. According to the Tauc relationship, the optical energy gap of the Zn1-xCoxO film is calculated, which proves to be a direct transition.
Enhanced multiferroics properties of strontium substituted bismuth ferrite prepared by auto combustion method
Authors:   Department of Physics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus Lahore-54590, Pakistan, Iqbal S. , Subhani M. U. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, Anwar H. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, Jamil Y. ,   Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040 Pakistan, Rafique H. M. ,   Department of Physics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus Lahore-54590, Pakistan
Published: March 2023

A low cost and simple auto combustion method was used to prepare the Bi1-xSrxFeO3 (x=0.0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, 0.16) multiferroics samples. X-ray diffraction patterns confirms the integration of BFO pure phase nanoparticles with a perovskite structure of ABO3 type having space group R3c. Spherical structure with little agglomeration was observed during the morphological studies of the prepared samples. Sr2+ substituted at the A-site produces expansion in Raman modes and increased variations in cation site occupancy. Impedance analyzer was used to examine the frequency dependent dielectric parameters (ε´, tanδ), electric conductivity (σac), impedance (Z) and electric modulus (Mʹ and M″) of the samples in frequency between 20 Hz and 20 MHz). Maximum value of dielectric constant was observed at very low frequency for x=0.0 samples and it decreases by increasing concentration. Resonance peak was observed in tangent loss for high content of strontium. Maximum value of Impedance was observed at low frequency and it decreases by increasing frequency which is due to the grain and grain boundary contributions. It is observed that ac conductivity of the samples is found to be frequency dependent and it varies with doping of Sr in BFO. Improved polarization was examined in P-E loop of Sr doped BFO nanoparticles.
Structural aspects and magnetic properties of Nd3+ doped nickel-zinc ferrites
Authors:   Dept. of Physics, School of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru-India, Ratnaih K. , Prasad N. V. K. ,   Dept. of Physics, School of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru-India, Varma M. C. ,   Dept. of Physics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-India, Choudary G. S. V. R. K. ,   Dept. of Physics and Electronics, Bhavan's Vivekananda College of SH &C, Secunderabad-India
Published: March 2023

Magnetic properties and structural analysis of Nd(Neodymium) doped Ni0.65Zn0.35Fe2O4 using XRD, Rietveld Analysis, FTIR Spectroscopy and VSM are reported.Confirmation of secondary phase formation with increased Nd content is established. Cation distribution for neodymium substituted nickel-zinc ferritesis proposed by considering the deficiency of Fe3+ in NiZnFe2O4 due to secondary phase formation of NdFeO3. The quality of present cation distribution was confirmed through close agreement of experimentally calculated lattice constant and Rietveld refinement. Changes in saturation magnetization with increased Nd content are explained on the basis of intensifying effect on energy exchange (inter-sublattice) between Ni–O–Nd and Ni–O–Fe concnerning Fe–O–Fe interaction, effect of replacing lower magnetic moment Nd3+ (3.62 μB) in place of Fe3+ (5 μB) and exchange developed between the cations existing at B-sites due to creation of oxygen vacancies.
Study of structural, morphological and optical properties of ZnO and Mg-doped ZnO thin films synthesized by evaporation technique
Authors:   Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Hussain S. A. , Khan I. A. ,   Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Ayub M. ,   Department of Physics, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, 10250, Mirpur, A.K, Pakistan, Rasheed A. ,   Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Published: March 2023

Un-doped ZnO and Mg-doped ZnO thin films (TFs) are synthesized by evaporation technique. The synthesized un-doped ZnO TFs are exposed to evaporated Mg contents for different times. XRD patterns reveal the development of (100), (002), (101) planes related to ZnO phase. The shifting of diffraction planes and shrinking of lattice parameters confirms the doping of Mg contents into ZnO lattice. The crystallite size of (100), (101) and (002) planes lies in the range from (12.43-14.51 nm), (14.28-19.08 nm) and (14.78- 19.19 nm) respectively. SEM analysis indicates that the formation of nano-fibers and nano-chains of rounded nanoparticles. EDX analysis confirms the presence of Zn, O and Mg whose amount is increased with increasing exposure time. The energy band gap (Eg) of un-doped ZnO (⁓ 3.05 eV) is increased to  3.08,  3.19 and  3.29 eV) with increasing exposure time in Mg contents.
Biochemical identification of prepubertal boys with Klinefelter syndrome by combined reproductive hormone profiling using machine learning
Authors: Madsen Andre , Juul Anders , Aksglaede Lise
Published: March 2023

Objective

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most common sex chromosome disorder and genetic cause of infertility in males. A highly variable phenotype contributes to the fact that a large proportion of cases are never diagnosed. Typical hallmarks in adults include small testes and azoospermia which may prompt biochemical evaluation that typically shows extremely high follicle-stimulating hormone and low/undetectable inhibin B serum concentrations. However, in prepubertal KS individuals, biochemical parameters are largely overlapping those of prepubertal controls. We aimed to characterize clinical profiles of prepubertal boys with KS in relation to controls and to develop a novel biochemical classification model to identify KS before puberty.

Methods

Retrospective, longitudinal data from 15 prepubertal boys with KS and data from 1475 controls were used to calculate age- and sex-adjusted standard deviation scores (SDS) for height and serum concentrations of reproductive hormones and used to infer a decision tree classification model for KS.

Results

Individual reproductive hormones were low but within reference ranges and did not discriminate KS from controls. Clinical and biochemical profiles including age- and sex-adjusted SDS from multiple reference curves provided input data to train a ‘random forest’ machine learning (ML) model for the detection of KS. Applied to unseen data, the ML model achieved a classification accuracy of 78% (95% CI, 61–94%).

Conclusions

Supervised ML applied to clinically relevant variables enabled computational classification of control and KS profiles. The application of age- and sex-adjusted SDS provided robust predictions irrespective of age. Specialized ML models applied to combined reproductive hormone concentrations may be useful diagnostic tools to improve the identification of prepubertal boys with KS.
Rechtsfragen einer wettbewerblichen Generalklausel – Zur geplanten Einführung von § 32f GWB-E
Authors: Ackermann Thomas
Published: March 2023

Mit der geplanten Einführung einer wettbewerblichen Generalklausel soll ein Instrument Einzug in das deutsche Kartellrecht halten, das kartell- und regulierungsrechtliche Funktionen vereint. Der Beitrag zeigt unions- und verfassungsrechtliche Grenzen eines solchen Vorhabens auf, darüber hinaus auch Probleme seiner systemkonformen Einfügung in das einfache Recht. Sollte gleichwohl daran festgehalten werden, empfiehlt der Beitrag insbesondere eine deutlich engere, an den SIEC-Test anknüpfende Regelung, die Anordnung der Subsidiarität gegenüber vorrangigem Kartell- und Regulierungsrecht der EU, die Aufnahme einer Entschädigungspflicht sowie eine verfahrensrechtliche Aufwertung der Sektoruntersuchung.
Preparation and performance evaluation of PLA/coir fibre biocomposites
Authors: Zhang Li , Sun Zhihui , Liang Duoping , Lin Jing , Xiao Wei
Published: March 2023

Alkali-treated coir fibers were modified by silane coupling agent in a microwave oven. The use of microwave-assisted chemical treatments efficiently promoted the esterification reaction to improve the interfacial adhesion between the coir fibers and PLA matrix. Effects of the treated coir fiber content (1 wt.% to 7 wt.%) on the surface morphology and tensile, impact, and thermal properties of PLA/coir fiber biocomposites (AKWCF/PLAs) were evaluated. At a coir fiber content of 1%, the AKWCF/PLAs showed a remarkable increase of 28% in the percentage impact strength, while the tensile strength and breaking strength decreased with increasing coir fibre content. The thermal stability of the AKWCF/PLAs worsened and the degree of crystallinity increased with increasing fiber content. The decreased cold crystallization temperatures of AKWCF/PLAs further confirmed the role of coir fibers treated with the new combined method as an effective nucleating agent.
Dynamic compression: A novel technique to reduce energy consumption during wood fiber production
Authors: Martínez-Conde Alejandro , Huber Daniela , Pinkl Stefan , Mahrdt Eike , Teischinger Alfred , Müller Ulrich
Published: March 2023

Thermo-mechanical refining is a common fiber production process known for its high energy demands. Throughout this process, wood chips are subjected to repetitive shearing and compression such that the fibers separate and subsequently fibrillate. There is a growing body of research in the development of mechanical pre-treatments that reduce energy demands during chemo- and thermo-mechanical pulping, with shear/compression combinations currently standing as the most efficient method of initiating defibration. Given the common grounds between the fiberboard and paper refining processes, it could be possible to use paper pre-treatments during fiberboard pulp refining. Furthermore, as pulping fibers for fiberboard are less worked and refined, mechanical pre-treatments are assumed to be more efficient. In this study, the effectiveness of dynamic compression was assessed as a pre-treatment step before the chips enter the refiner. Shaped wet chips with an annual ring orientation of 45° were struck by a free-falling weight with a fixed potential energy using a special prototype. After refining both the reference and pre-treated chips using a pressurized disc refiner, the energy consumption of those fibers was 48% lower than that for non pre-treated chips for a comparable fiber quality.
Optimal control results for impulsive fractional delay integrodifferential equations of order 1 < r < 2 via sectorial operator
Authors: Johnson Murugesan , Mohan Raja Marimuthu , Vijayakumar Velusamy , Shukla Anurag , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Jahanshahi Hadi
Published: March 2023

This research investigates the existence of nonlocal impulsive fractional integrodifferential equations of order 1 < r < 2 with infinite delay. To begin with, we discuss the existence of a mild solution for the fractional derivatives by using the sectorial operators, the nonlinear alternative of the Leray–Schauder fixed point theorem, mixed Volterra–Fredholm integrodifferential types, and impulsive systems. Furthermore, we develop the optimal control results for the given system. The application of our findings is demonstrated with the help of an example.