bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN ANALYSIS OF GENERIC STRUCTURE OF NARRATIVE TEXT WRITTEN BY THE TENTH YEAR STUDENTS OF SMA YASIHA GU
Authors: Sulistyo Irwan
Published: January 2018

The objective of this research is: To find out how the generic structure is written in the narrative texts, to find out the problems faced by the students of SMA Yasiha Gubug the academic 2011/2012 is written in the narrative texts, and to find out the solution of the problems. The writer uses descriptive quantitative. It is class XI IPA I that consists of 39 students. The instrument used to collect data was the writing test and observation sheet.The results of the research shows the mastery on writing based generic structure of narrative text class XI Senior High School Yasiha Gubug academic year 2012 is categorized into good score with the average 75 and the mean score belongs to the interval 66-79 and the result of observation sheet shows that there were 27 students in level of excellent, 10 students in good and 3 students in level fair. The problems that faced by the students in arranging the generic structure of written narrative text are they did not listen the material attentively given the teacher, the students only got the information from what they read at glance and based on their experiences before. The solution of the problem in arranging the generic structure of written narrative text is the students have to listen their teacher when she explains the material narratives. For example reading a legend and some books include narrative. Based on the result above, the writer suggests that the teacher should apply all of the things in the syllabi of genre in organizing the teaching learning process and the teacher has to give explain the generic structure of narrative text more clearly and give more exercises and more attention to the result of the assignment which are given to the students so that the teacher knows how far the achievement of the students in mastering material.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GROUP WORK DISCUSSION TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS’ COMPETENCE IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT: THE CASE OF SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP N 1 TEGOWANU
Authors: Pamularsih Wikaning Tiyas
Published: January 2018

Teaching English focuses on four language skills namely listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Students are expected to master those four language skills. The main purpose of English teaching is to improve the students’ skills in using the language in real communication. One of the productive skills that students have to be improved is writing. In writing process, the students are expected to write grammatically, express their idea, and make the conclusion as the steps to develop rhetorical devices in the written form. The teaching writing using group work discussion gave better result as indicated by the significant statistical t-test computation that the t-obtained is higher than t-table. It is showed by looking at t-obtained is higher than t-table. The result of t-obtained is 11, 89 through the level of significant (5%). Then, the result of t-table is 1, 49. It means that the number of t-obtained is higher than t-table. The writer also concludes that the mean score of students’ ability using group work discussion is 9, 05 and without using group work discussion is 4, 85. It means that group work discussion is effective to teach descriptive text to the seventh grade students of Junior High School.
АНАЛИЗ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ МИКРО- И НАНОКОМПОЗИТОВ ДЛЯ ГАЗОВОДЯНЫХ ТЕПЛООБМЕННЫХ АППАРАТОВ
Authors: Fialko N. M. , Navrodskaya R. A. , Dinjos R. V. , Prokopov V. G. , Meranova N. O. , Shevchuk S. I.
Published: December 2017

Представлены результаты сравнительного анализа эффективности использования полимерных микро- и нанокомпозитов и традиционно применяемых материалов для теплообменных поверхностей теплоутилизационных установок. Приведены данные сопоставления рассматриваемых поверхностей по таким характеристикам, как их теплопроизводительность на единицу массы, объем на единицу утилизированной теплоты и пр. Определены эффекты влияния на указанные характеристики различных режимных параметров теплоутилизационных установок. Показано, что теплообменная поверхность из разработанных микро- и нанокомпозитов обладает целым рядом преимуществ в сравнении с традиционными аналогами.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV pada Pembelajaran IPA dengan Model Pembelajaran Make A Match Di SDN 12 Api-Api Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Saputra Donni
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study was to describe the improvement of student learning outcomes IPA with Model make a match at SDN 12 Api-Api. This type of research is the Classroom Action Research (PTK) is conducted in two cycles. The data source is the fourth grade students of SDN 12 Api-Api numbered 17 people. The instrument used in this study is the assessment sheet affective student, teacher activity sheet and test the students' understanding. Based on analysis of the affective ratings of students In the first cycle the change in student behavior responsibilities increased 51.0% to 83.3% in the second cycle and the change in behavior of the cooperation of students in the first cycle of 44.1% increased to 74.5% in the second cycle. The results of cognitive learning that an understanding had also increased. In the first cycle student comprehension 58.8% increase to 82.4 in the second cycle. From the data obtained it can be concluded that there is a learning outcome IPA fourth grade students of SDN 12 Api-Api after using the model make a match.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Kooperatif Think Talk Write Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi dan Pemecahan Masalah
Authors: Putri Dini Palupi
Published: January 2018

Abstract: This research was aimed at knowing the effect of cooperative learning model type think talk write towards eight grade students abilities in mathematical communication and mathematical problem solving. The kind of this research is Quasy experiment. The population is students MTs Kerinci Regerency. Sampling technique that used in this research is random sampling. The research instrument was the written test related to students abilities in mathematical communication and mathematical problem solving. The data was analyzed with using t test and Mann-Whitney U. Result of this research showed the students abilities mathematical communication and mathematical problem solving taught by cooperative learning model think talk write was higher than the students who were taught by using conventional teaching. Cooperative Learning Think Talk Write type can be one solution to solve problems of communication ability and problem solving of student math.

Keywords: Think Talk Write, Mathematical Communications, Problem Solving
Implementasi Audit Mutu Internal Pada Perguruan Tinggi Agama
Authors: Hamengkubuwono H
Published: January 2018

Education has become one of the most important instruments in the transformation of human civilization. Thus, the establishment of Islamic Higher Education institution has indicated the responsibility of community on development of this nation. Then, in this modern era, the process of competition among nations has determined by the quality of education. A nation will be known well as strong and advanced nation if the citizen has independence in the culture, economic and politics. Certainly, this matter depended on the role of education side. Thereby, there would be an actualization of human authority in contributing the valuable matters in order to realize a better quality of the nation.
Studi Terhadap Kosakata Bahasa Arab Dalam Bahasa Minangkabau
Authors: Hanif Akhyar
Published: January 2018

This paper seeks to reveal the influence of Arabic on Minangkabau language, and trying to find relationships between these languages. Constitute Arabic as the language of the Qur'an as the language of scripture, then expand and spread almost to all regions and countries in this world as the development of Islam to various regions including Minangkabau. History also proves that Arabic has a very big influence in the development of vocabulary in Minangkabau language. Therefore, this paper tries to trace the Arabic vocabulary that goes into Minangkabau. This study proves that there are more than 500 Minangkabau vocabulary which is the absorption of Arabic, and of course this study will be much longer if examined further from every area in Minangkabau
Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dengan Pemanfaatan Teknologi
Authors: Iswanto Rahmat
Published: January 2018

This article examines how technology can be utilized in the process of Arabiclearning. Many problems of learning of Arabic language in accordance with the context faced in various educational institutions, a teacher allows modification formethodsof teaching and learning. This can be done with technological developments that contain lots of information that can be used to improve learning outcomes. Discussion about the application of technology in learning Arabic contains the question of what kind of technology that can be utilized, whether the technology can play a role in the alignment and sustainability of learning Arabic from basic to middle level, whether the technology can make learners will be more interested in learning the Arabiclanguage, whether the technology can create realization and relevance to what the students perceived, whether the technology can create Arabic learning media more varied that still lacks, whether the technology can improve the ability or competence of teachers in teaching Arabic, whether technology is able to take advantage of time allocation for learning Arabic, whether the technology is able to create an Arabic speaking environment. Through qualitative descriptive method, this article summarizes some of the above questions.
Perkembangan Fisik Dan Body Image Remaja
Authors: Hartini Hartini
Published: January 2018

Pengkajian tahap perkembangan hendaknya dapat memberikan pemahaman dan informasi yang berguna bagi remaja, orang tua, orang dewasa maupun guru di sekolah. Berbagai perubahan-perubahan yang dialami remaja sering menimbulkan kebingguan dan permasalahan yang dapat mempengaruhi kondisi psikologis remaja dan orang-orang disekitar para remaja sehingga sangat penting para remaja dan orang-orang disekitar remaja mengetahui dan memahami berbagai perubahan yang dialami remaja. Pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang perkembangan fisik remaja merupakan informasi awal yang sangat penting diketahui karena perubahan fisik yang dialami oleh remaja akan mempengaruhi berbagai perkembangan lainya seperti perkembangan kognitif, moral, sosial, dan religius sehingga kajian tentang perkembangan fisik diharapkan dapat memberikan berbagai informasi dan pemahaman dan akan mengantisipasi serta meminimalis berbagai permasalahan yang akan dihadapi oleh remaja sehingga diperolehnya berbagai problem solving yang dihadapi remaja orang tua, orang dewasa maupun guru di sekolah . Adapun kajian yang akan dibahas dalam perkembangan fisik remaja ini berawal dari penjelasan tentang siapa remaja dilihat dari berbagai aspek, kajian dilanjutkan dengan pembahasan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan fisik remaja, ciri-ciri remaja, proses perkembangan fisik remaja, dampak psikologis terhadap perubahan fisik remaja serta kendala apa saja yang dialami dalam proses perubahan fisik remaja serta body image remaja dan perilakunya.
Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Bimbingan Pemustaka pada Mahasiswa Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Bengkulu
Authors: Sutriono Sutriono
Published: January 2018

IAIN Bengkulu Library Center as a supporting partner of Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi every year has a work program or activity either directly or indirectly in providing guidance to the scalper pemustaka especially new students to introduce and direct the pemustaka to be able to recognize and use the facilities and information that has been provided in IAIN Bengkulu Library Center well, effectively, efficiently, orderly and independently. The effectiveness of librarian guidance done by librarian of IAIN Bengkulu Library Center from some description of the answer from informant IAIN Bengkulu informant and direct observation writer that guidance pemustaka contribute effectively to provide understanding and direction about utilization of library resources and able to minimize violations such as destruct the composition of book On the shelves, late return of books and create an orderly library, discipline in accessing information in the library
Perilaku Pencarian Informasi Guru Besar UIN Antasari Banjarmasin
Authors: Syawqi Ahmad
Published: January 2018

Perilaku pencarian informasi (information seeking behaviour) merupakan perilaku pencarian tingkat mikro, yang ditunjukkan seseorang ketika berinteraksi dengan semua jenis sistem informasi. Pencarian informasi sangat dipengaruhi oleh kebutuhan informasi yang diinginkan oleh pengguna, semakin tinggi kebutuhan terhadap informasi yang diinginkannya, maka semakin tinggi pula pencarian informasi yang dilakukan oleh pengguna perpustakaan. Hal ini didukung oleh kebutuhan aktulisasi diri (dalam hal ini informasi).

Di dunia akademik, guru besar atau profesor adalah jabatan tertinggi bagi dosen yang mengajar di sebuah perguruan tinggi. Orang-orang yang menyandang gelar profesor merupakan orang yang luar biasa dan dengan usaha yang luar biasa pula yang dapat menyandang gelar tersebut.

Para guru besar dituntut melakukan kajian-kajian maupun penelitian di bidang spesialisasi yang mereka ambil. Oleh karena itu, mereka memerlukan akses terhadap informasi-informasi terkini dan pengetahuan-pengetahuan terbaru di bidang keahlian mereka ataupun bidang lain yang berkaitan dengannya. Informasi tersebut dapat diakses secara manual maupun online. Namun tidak semua guru besar dapat menelusur informasi yang dibutuhkannya, apalagi kalau informasi tersebut harus ditelusur secara online atau database. Oleh karena itu, tentu diperlukan strategi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan informasi mereka tersebut.
Factors Affecting Maternal Health Care Services Utilization in Nepal: Insight from the Nepal Demographic Health Survey 2006 and 2011
Authors: Shrestha Gauri
Published: December 2017

Background: In this study, a maternal health care service is analyzed under the components of place of delivery (POD). POD is highlighted as ‘home delivery’ and ‘institutional delivery’.Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze factors associated with the utilization of health institute as delivery and estimate the probabilities of institutional delivery using some selected independent variables.Materials and Methods: Data used were extracted from individual recode of a data file of Nepal Demography Health Survey (NDHS) 2006 and 2011. The unit of analysis for this study is Ever Married Women (EMW) who had at least one live birth in the five years preceding the survey. Sample of this study consists of 4182 EMW for 2006 NDHS and 4079 EMW for 2011 NDHS. The dependent variable is place of delivery. The independent variables are mixture of categorical and continuous variables. For building of suitable statistical models, various types of models were explored and different measure of models adequacy test were applied. Finally, two logistic regression models were developed separately for 2006 and 2011 NDHS data.Results: Fitted model showed several variables: education level, wealth index, birth order, residence and ANC by provider were highly significant predictors for the selection of place of delivery for 2006 NDHS but in 2011 NDHS age was also highly significant. Goodness of fit tests (Hosmer-Lemeshow chi-square statistic), multicollinearity diagnostics, residual analysis and outliers (leverage value) showed that both models fit well to the proposed logistic regression model.Conclusion: A Comparative assessment of model coefficients between 2006 and 2011 NDHS, it is found that the values are only slightly different for most of the predictors under consideration demonstrating consistency of associations found in the two surveys.Nepalese Journal of Statistics, 2017, Vol. 1, 55-72
Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury: Planned delivery before intrapartum events
Authors: Odd David , Heep Axel , Luyt Karen , Draycott Tim
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND:

Mothers are increasingly given greater control over many of the choices around birth, although there is little robust evidence to inform these choices. After an infant is born with HIE the question of whether it was predictable, or preventable, is often raised. Intrapartum ‘sentinel’ events and antenatal predictors of HIE have been well described, however there is little evidence how antenatal and intrapartum factors interact. This is particularly important when elective delivery by lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) has been shown to be beneficial in high risk groups.

AIM:

To develop a clinical risk score to identify women with a higher risk of having an infant with HIE.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This study is based on the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). This dataset was split into two halves: with each infant being randomly allocated to either cohort one or two. The first cohort was used for the derivation of the model, while it was tested exclusively on the second. Logistic regression modelling was then performed to develop a predictive model. The final model was used to predict the outcome of infants in the second cohort and infants divided into four risk quartiles. To give some indication of possible avoidable disease, the proportion of infants with HIE, potentially avoided by earlier delivery, was estimated by assuming that medicalized delivery by elective LSCS at 37 weeks would remove intrapartum risk of HIE for those infants undelivered at this point.

RESULTS:

In the final model seven covariates remained (parity, preeclampsia, polyhydramnios, prelabor rupture of membranes, gender, concerns over fetal growth and prematurity). When applied to the second cohort, a ROC curve for the prediction of developing HIE in the newborn period showed good evidence for association (AUC 0.68 (0.60 to 0.77)) and the risk score derived was strongly associated with the risk of HIE, resuscitation and stillbirth, and neonatal death (all p < 0.05). Elective delivery of high risk infants at 37 weeks gestation could prevent 14% of all HIE, with a NNT of 41.

CONCLUSION:

It is possible to combine routine antenatal findings to identify infants at higher risk of neonatal HIE, thereby recognizing those infants who may benefit most from delivery by elective caesarean section. This work suggests a clinical risk score permits antenatal identification of high-risk infants whose outcome may be amenable to changes in clinical practice to potentially reduce HIE rates, and its devastating consequences.
Haddad syndrome novel association with BRAF mutation
Authors: Al Dakhoul Suleiman
Published: December 2017

This is a report of a 36 week male infant who suffered abdominal distension and difficulty opening bowels within first few days of life and showed a pattern of hypoventilation and apnea associated with sleep. His diagnostic studies confirmed the diagnosis of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome CCHS (PHOX2B mutation) and Hirschsprung’s disease and later found a further mutation of BRAF oncogene. This describes a novel association between these mutations and the shared qualities of tumorigenesis between BRAF and PHOX2B.
Pattern of ear nose and throat diaseses in a tertiary hospital of Dhaka city
Authors: Dey Badhan Kumar , Datta Anamika , Rhaman Mir Masudur , Sayeed MA
Published: January 2018

Background and objectives: The magnitude of health problems related to ear, nose and throat (ENT) in Bangladesh has not been estimated in a larger scale and very little is known about the prevalence and types of ENT diseases. Some studies, however, addressed the prevalence of otitis among school children and very few of them reported hearing defect. This study aims to assess the overall types of ENT diseases encountered by the otolaryngologists at a referral or tertiary hospital.Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted in Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM). All patients registerd in the ENT-OPD from January to April in 2017 were included in the study for analysis. Diseases were diagnosed on the basis of clinical history, general and systemic examinations and relevant laboratory and imaging investigations.Results: A total of 435 (M :F=177:258) registered patients were analyzed. 44 0f them had no ENT diseases. Diseases of ear showed the highest prevalence (41.1%) followed by that of throat (31.7%) and nose (17.1%). There was no significant difference in ear and nose diseases between male and female groups. The throat diseases were significantly higher in female than the male group (37.2% vs.22.6%, p=0.018). Regarding infections of the specific organs: suppurative otitis media was the most common (acute and chronic suppurative otitis media 25.5%) followed by tonsillitis (7.1%), rhinitis (4.4%) and sinusitis (1.4%). These infections showed no significant difference between male and female patients; neither there was any significant difference between the diabetic and non-diabetic groups.Conclusion: Diseases of ear were most common followed by throat and nose. Both acute and chronic otitis media constituted one-fourth of all registered cases. The diabetic patients showed no increased risk for ENT diseases.IMC J Med Sci 2018; 12(1): 22-26
Neovaginoplasty using sigmoid colon flap technique
Authors: Islam Mohammed Rashedul , Deb Anjan Kumar , Ibrahim Farzana Bilquis , Anwar Raihan , Islam Md Anwarul , Akand Morshed Uddin
Published: January 2018

Background and objectives: Vaginoplasty is a procedure for the reconstruction of vaginal canal. Various surgical techniques have been described for vaginal reconstruction with variable success. The aim of this study was to assess the use of sigmoid colon in vaginal reconstruction of patients with disorders of sex development.Methods: Eleven patients were included in this study from January 2009 to December 2016. All patients underwent karyotyping, pelvi-abdominal ultrasonography, endocrine and psychiatric assessment. Sigmoid neo-vaginoplasty was the procedure chosen for all the cases. Surgical and functional outcomes were assessed post-operatively over a period of 6 month to 6 years.Results: The preoperative diagnosis included 9 cases of aplasia of the Mullerian ducts or Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (MRKH), 1 androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) and 1 pseudohermaphrodite case. The mean age of the study population was 22.5 years (range 15-30 yrs). No intra-operative or early postoperative complications occurred. The mean vaginal length achieved was 13.0 cm (range 10.5 – 15 cm). Long term follow-up showed introital stenosis in 2 cases (17%) which resolved well to vaginal dilatation. One patient had pelvic abscess and treated by surgery. Sexual satisfaction was achieved in 10 cases, as 1 case was unmarried.Conclusion: For patients with disorders of sex development of various etiologies, sigmoid vaginoplasty is the preferred technique for vaginal reconstruction. It is a safe technique and provides the patient with a cosmetic neovagina of adequate caliber with satisfactory functional outcome.IMC J Med Sci 2018; 12(1): 27-31
Diversity in morphology and pigmentation patterns of local Pabna cattle in Bangladesh
Authors: Talukder Md Azharul Islam , Shahjahan Md , Islam Mohammed Sirajul , Munira Sirazum
Published: December 2017

The study was aimed to reveal the morphological features of local Pabna cattle at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Regional Station, Sirajganj and community levels. Data of various morphological features were collected from total 24 cattle from on-station and 8 cattle from community. It was observed that most of the morphological features were not varied between the studied cattle populations except body length, height at wither, pelvic length, tail dock circumference and mouth circumference (p <0.05). Pigmentation pattern revealed that light red was dominated for coat color in both cattle population while black color was most frequently observed in muzzle, eyelid, eyelash, horn, hoof, dew claw and tail switch. As most of the phenotypic observation and pigmentation patterns were unique between two existing Pabna cattle population, an open nucleus breeding system might be enhanced the desire dairy breed development from those cattle population regarding the uniformity of morphological features.Res. Agric. Livest. Fish.4(3): 201-208, December 2017
Integrated cage-cum-pond culture system with walking catfish (Clarias batrachus) in cages and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in open ponds
Authors: Sangma Phanindra , Wahab Md Abdul , Haque Shahroz Mahean , Mondal Sanjib Kumar
Published: December 2017

An experiment was conducted for a period of 97 days at the Fisheries Field Laboratory Complex, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to determine the potential of the cage-cum-pond culture of walking catfish, as well as to assess the economic and environmental benefits of this system. The experiment had two treatments in triplicate. One treatment comprised walking catfish in cage and tilapia in open pond, and the other treatment comprised both walking catfish and tilapia stocked together in open ponds. Ponds of both treatments were stocked with walking catfish and tilapia at a stocking density of 10,000 and 20,000 ha-1, respectively. Fishes in both treatments were fed with commercial pelleted feed (26% crude protein) twice daily at the rate of 10% body weight of walking catfish. All ponds were fertilized with urea and TSP at a rate of 50 kgha-1 bi-weekly. Survival of catfish was very low in both treatments ranging from 8.33 to 21.33%. Specific growth rate of catfish was significantly higher (P<0.021) in treatment-2 than in treatment-1 with a value of 2.42 and 1.69 g fish-1d-1, respectively. The net yield for catfish of treatment-1 and 2 were 49.67 and 43.45 kgha-1, respectively and there was no significant difference between the treatments. The survival rate of tilapia was 65.17 and 71.17% with daily weight gain of 2.31 and 2.22g fish-1 in treatment-1 and 2, respectively. Net yield were 817.00 and 790.63 kg ha-1, respectively and there were no significant difference in net yield of tilapia between treatments. Net profit obtained from integrated-cage-cum pond culture (Tk. 24,518 ha-197d-1) was higher than that of open pond (Tk 22,685 ha-197d-1).Res. Agric. Livest. Fish.4(3): 221-227, December 2017
Flow Control Methods and Their Applicability in Low-Reynolds-Number Centrifugal Compressors—A Review
Authors: Tiainen Jonna , Grönman Aki , Jaatinen-Värri Ahti , Backman Jari
Published: December 2017

The decrease in the performance of centrifugal compressors operating at low Reynolds numbers (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles at high altitudes or small turbomachines) can reach 10% due to increased friction. The purposes of this review are to represent the state-of-the-art of the active and passive flow control methods used to improve performance and/or widen the operating range in numerous engineering applications, and to investigate their applicability in low-Reynolds-number centrifugal compressors. The applicable method should increase performance by reducing drag, increasing blade loading, or reducing tip leakage. Based on the aerodynamic and structural demands, passive methods like riblets, squealers, winglets and grooves could be beneficial; however, the drawbacks of these approaches are that their performance depends on the operating conditions and the effect might be negative at higher Reynolds numbers. The flow control method, which would reduce the boundary layer thickness and reduce wake, could have a beneficial impact on the performance of a low-Reynolds-number compressor in the entire operating range, but none of the methods represented in this review fully fulfil this objective.
A robust AFM-based method for locally measuring the elasticity of samples
Authors: Bubendorf Alexandre , Walheim Stefan , Schimmel Thomas , Meyer Ernst
Published: January 2018

Investigation of the local sample elasticity is of high importance in many scientific domains. In 2014, Herruzo et al. published a new method based on frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy to locally determine the elasticity of samples (Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 3126). This method gives evidence for the linearity of the relation between the frequency shift of the cantilever first flexural mode Δf1 and the square of the frequency shift of the second flexural mode Δf22. In the present work, we showed that a similar linear relation exists when measuring in contact mode with a certain load FN and propose a new method for determining the elastic modulus of samples from this relation. The measurements were performed in non-dry air at ambient temperature on three different polymers (polystyrene, polypropylene and linear low-density polyethylene) and a self-assembled monolayer of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (FDTS) on a silicon oxide substrate perforated with circular holes prepared by polymer blend lithography. For all samples the relation was evidenced by recording Δf1, Δf2 and FN as a function of the Z-displacement curves of the piezoelectric scanner. The occurence of a plastic deformation followed by an elastic deformation is shown and explained. The necessary load FN for measuring in the elastic domain was assessed for each sample, used for mapping the frequency shifts Δf1 and Δf2 and for determining the elastic modulus from Δf22/Δf1. The method was used to give an estimate of the Young’s modulus of the FDTS thin film.
Innovations for Improving Access to Quality Health Care: The Prospects for Municipal Health Insurance in Guatemala
Authors: Bland Gary , Peinado Lucrecia , Stewart Christin
Published: January 2018

Municipal insurance–a collective compact in which municipal government is the lead actor in designing, delivering, and supervising a health care financing arrangement—is considered by some Guatemalans as a potential new avenue for improving financial protection against rising costs and improved access to quality health care. This brief presents a political economy analysis of the prospects for the adoption of municipal insurance in Guatemala. Municipal insurance has so far been tried only once, in 2015, by the large suburban municipality of Villa Nueva. Drawing from the Villa Nueva experience, based on interviews with nearly 30 key informants, this brief examines the potential obstacles to municipal insurance reform as well as leading factors favoring its introduction. Consistent health ministry support and equity concerns are potential limitations, for example, while decentralization and the recent emergence of creative insurance products are likely to be supportive. This brief then concludes with consideration of the policy implications of such a reform. We also offer a series of policy recommendations for policymakers and practitioners who may be looking to implement municipal insurance reform.
COUNTERMEASURES TO IMPROVE ROAD ALIGNMENT CONSISTENCY
OF UNDIVIDED RURAL ROADS
Authors: Russo Francesca , Biancardo Salvatore Antonio
Published: January 2018

The research aims to assess the relationships between the crash rates and road consistency. Design consistency
assessment is a tool employed by designers to improve road safety. The case study involved a rural two-lane two-way
road in Southern Italy located on a flat terrain without spiral transition curves between tangent segments and circular
curves. Road alignment consistency was examined in two steps: by adopting standards in force in Italy based on the
design speed profile and by plotting operating speed profile to determine the area bounded by the speed profile and the
average weighted speed, and the standard deviation of operating speeds for each geometric segment. Operating speed
prediction model, which returns the 85th percentile of the speed distribution of the only cars under free flow conditions,
right weather conditions, and lighting was adopted. A negative exponential function was performed to predict
the global consistency of a road as a whole. Finally, a model for predicting the crash rate was calibrated, confirming an
increase of design consistency when the crash rates decrease significantly. The consistency model represents a useful tool
during the geometric design process or the evaluation process for two-lane rural highways.
ROAD TEMPERATURE MODELLING WITHOUT IN-SITU SENSORS
Authors: Opara Karol , Zieliński Jan
Published: January 2018

Modelling of the pavement temperature facilitates winter road maintenance. It is used for predicting the glaze
formation and for scheduling the spraying of the de-icing brine. The road weather is commonly forecasted by solving
the energy balance equations. It requires setting the initial vertical profile of the pavement temperature, which is often
obtained from the Road Weather Information Stations. The paper proposes the use of average air temperature from
seven preceding days as a pseudo-observation of the subsurface temperature. Next, the road weather model is run with
a few days offset. It first uses the recent, historical weather data and then the available forecasts. This approach exploits
the fact that the energy balance models tend to “forget” their initial conditions and converge to the baseline solution.
The experimental verification was conducted using the Model of the Environment and Temperature of Roads and the
data from a road weather station in Warsaw over a period of two years. The additional forecast error introduced by the
proposed pseudo-observational initialization averages 1.2 °C in the first prediction hour and then decreases in time. The
paper also discusses the use of Digital Surface Models to take into account the shading effects, which are an essential
source of forecast errors in urban areas. Limiting the use of in-situ sensors opens a perspective for an economical, largescale
implementation of road meteorological models.
PROBABILITY MODEL AND RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF CABLE STRESS FOR CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE
Authors: Yang Xiao-Yan , Gong Jin-Xin , Wang Yin-Hui , Xu Bo-Han , Zhu Ji-Chao
Published: January 2018

The aim of this paper is to investigate the time-varying effect of stay cable of long-span cable-stayed bridges subject to vehicle load. The analysis has been carried out on the Su-Tong cable-stayed bridge in Jiangsu, China that has the second-longest span among the completed composite-deck cable-stayed bridges in the world currently. Probability models of vehicle load in each lane (fast lane, middle lane and slow lane) and cable stress under random vehicle load were developed based on the stochastic process theory. The results show the gross vehicle weight follows lognormal distribution or multi-peak distribution, and the time-interval of the vehicle follows a lognormal distribution. Then, the probability function of maximum cable stress was determined using up-crossing theory. Finally, the reliability of stay cable under random vehicle load was analysed. The reliability index ranges from 9.59 to 10.82 that satisfies the target reliability index of highway bridge structure of finished dead state.
Rotation-supported Neutrino-driven Supernova Explosions in Three Dimensions and the Critical Luminosity Condition
Authors: Summa Alexander , Janka Hans-Thomas , Melson Tobias , Marek Andreas
Published: January 2018

We present the first self-consistent, 3D core-collapse supernova simulations performed with the Prometheus-Vertex code for a rotating progenitor star. Besides using the angular momentum of the 15 M
⊙ model as obtained in the stellar evolution calculation with an angular frequency of ∼10−3 rad s−1 (spin period of more than 6000 s) at the Si/Si–O interface, we also computed 2D and 3D cases with no rotation and with a ∼300 times shorter rotation period and different angular resolutions. In 2D, only the nonrotating and slowly rotating models explode, while rapid rotation prevents an explosion within 500 ms after bounce because of lower radiated neutrino luminosities and mean energies and thus reduced neutrino heating. In contrast, only the fast-rotating model develops an explosion in 3D when the Si/Si–O interface collapses through the shock. The explosion becomes possible by the support of a powerful standing accretion shock instability spiral mode, which compensates for the reduced neutrino heating and pushes strong shock expansion in the equatorial plane. Fast rotation in 3D leads to a “two-dimensionalization” of the turbulent energy spectrum (yielding roughly a −3 instead of a −5/3 power-law slope at intermediate wavelengths) with enhanced kinetic energy on the largest spatial scales. We also introduce a generalization of the “universal critical luminosity condition” of Summa et al. to account for the effects of rotation, and we demonstrate its viability for a set of more than 40 core-collapse simulations, including 9 and 20 M
⊙ progenitors, as well as black-hole-forming cases of 40 and 75 M
⊙ stars to be discussed in forthcoming papers.
Study of Outflows in Luminous Quasars at Redshift ∼0.4–0.8
Authors: Wang J. , Xu D. W. , Wei J. Y.
Published: January 2018

We perform a systematic study of outflow in the narrow-line region (NLR) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at z ∼ 0.4–0.8 based upon a large sample of ∼900 quasars at z ∼ 0.4–0.8. The sample is extracted from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey by mainly requiring that (1) the g-band magnitude is brighter than 19 mag and (2) the [O iii]λ5007 emission line has a signal-to-noise ratio larger than 30. Profiles of multiple emission lines are modeled by a sum of several Gaussian functions. The spectral analysis allows us to identify (1) a prevalence of both [O iii]λ5007 line blue asymmetry and bulk velocity blueshift of both [Ne iii]λ3869 and [Ne iii]λ3426 lines, when the [O ii]λ3727 line is used as a reference. The velocity offset of the [O iii]λ5007 line is, however, distributed around a value of zero, except for a few outliers. (2) Not only the significant [O iii]λ5007 line asymmetry, but also the large bulk velocity offsets of [Ne iii]λ3869 and [Ne v]λ3426 emission lines tend to occur in the objects with high L/L
Edd, which is considerably consistent with the conclusions based on local AGNs. With three M
BH estimation methods, the significance level of the trend is found to be better than 2.9σ, 3.2σ, and 1.8σ for [O iii], [Ne iii], and [Ne v], respectively. After excluding the role of radio jets, the revealed dependence of NLR gas outflow on L/L
Edd allows us to argue that the pressure caused by the wind/radiation launched/emitted from a central supermassive black hole is the most likely origin of the outflow in these distant quasars, which implies that the outflow in luminous AGNs up to z ∼ 1 have the same origin.
Observations of an Eruptive Solar Flare in the Extended EUV Solar Corona
Authors: Seaton Daniel B. , Darnel Jonathan M.
Published: January 2018

We present observations of a powerful solar eruption, accompanied by an X8.2 solar flare, from NOAA Active Region 12673 on 2017 September 10 by the Solar Ultraviolet Imager (SUVI) on the GOES-16 spacecraft. SUVI is noteworthy for its relatively large field of view, which allows it to image solar phenomena to heights approaching 2 solar radii. These observations include the detection of an apparent current sheet associated with magnetic reconnection in the wake of the eruption, and evidence of an extreme-ultraviolet wave at some of the largest heights ever reported. We discuss the acceleration of the nascent coronal mass ejection to approximately 2000 km s−1 at about 1.5 solar radii. We compare these observations with models of eruptions and eruption-related phenomena. We also describe the SUVI data and discuss how the scientific community can access SUVI observations of the event.
La région du Kurdistan-Irak entre fédération et indépendance
Authors: Baban Bryar S.
Published: December 2017

Une décision de la Société des Nations, de décembre 1925, annexa définitivement la région des Kurdes, sous réserve de certaines garanties administratives, à la nouvelle création du Royaume-Uni, l’Irak. La mise en œuvre de la résolution 688 (1991) du Conseil de sécurité de l’ONU et la déresponsabilisation de l’Etat irakien vis-à-vis d’une partie de son territoire ont recréé en 1991 une entité indépendante de facto au nord de l’Irak, la région du Kurdistan irakien. Afin de l’administrer légitimement, les Kurdes furent contraints de définir juridiquement son statut et s’autoproclamèrent ainsi région fédérée en 1992. Cette entité sui generis n’a reçu aucune reconnaissance du gouvernement central de Bagdad mais a pourtant continué à gouverner la région, jusqu’à l’occupation anglo-américaine du printemps 2003. Deux ans après la chute du régime de Saddam Hussein, le fédéralisme kurde unilatéralement affirmé fut en effet confirmé par la Constitution irakienne du 15 octobre 2005. Le fédéralisme irakien soulève un certain nombre d’incertitudes et de difficultés concernant notamment le statut présent et futur du Kurdistan irakien. L’ambition kurde ne semble pas s’arrêter à ce stade. Pour les Kurdes irakiens, le fédéralisme n’est qu’une période transitoire pour arriver à l’indépendance.
Droit de préemption urbain et territoires
Authors: Vuillaume Fanny
Published: December 2017

Le droit de préemption urbain, qui permet aux communes d’acquérir un bien en priorité pour les affecter à projet d’aménagement répondant à un intérêt général, a subi des modifications récentes. Celles-ci qui démontrent une montée en puissance de l’intercommunalité face à la commune et la persistance d’un déséquilibre entre offre et demande de logement dans certains territoires, qui a justifié une extension du champ d’application matériel du droit de préemption urbain. Cette réforme risque de faire perdre à ce mécanisme son efficacité et aggraver le risque d’annulation contentieuse déjà élevé.
Premier épisode psychotique et rétablissement
Authors: Bourdeau Geneviève , Lecomte Tania , Lecardeur Laurent , Lysaker Paul H.
Published: December 2017

Alors que bon nombre de cliniques spécialisées ont été implantées à travers le monde, que sait-on du rétablissement à la suite d’un premier épisode psychotique? Cet article présente un résumé des connaissances actuelles tant du point de vue des « résultats » que du point de vue du « processus ». À la lumière de celles-ci, il apparait nécessaire de développer des critères d’évaluation du rétablissement plus appropriés à cette clientèle et d’adopter une approche thérapeutique psychosociale et collaborative.
Profils et trajectoires des directeurs sûreté
Authors: Ocqueteau Frédéric
Published: December 2017

L’actualité de ces derniers mois a révélé au grand public l’existence des directeurs de sûreté. Toutefois, la réalité de ce que recouvre leur fonction reste méconnue y compris pour certains observateurs avertis. Un mal sans doute réparé grâce au travail réalisé pour le CDSE par Frédéric Ocqueteau, chercheur au CNRS. Il nous présente ici les résultats exclusifs de son étude et nous plonge dans le monde discret de la sûreté d’entreprise pour identifier les profils, les compétences et les missions de ses acteurs. Tâche d’autant plus ardue en raison de la diversité de leurs profils et de l’absence de vision partagée de ce qu’est la « sécurité ». L’auteur voit d’ailleurs dans cette diversité un frein à la stabilisation de l’identité professionnelle des directeurs de sécurité-sûreté. Frédéric Ocqueteau rappelle que l’activité du directeur dépend de la structure, de la taille et du secteur d’activité de l’entreprise qu’il est chargé de protéger, mais également de son parcours individuel. Chaque directeur, selon son appartenance de corps et sa trajectoire personnelle, peut valoriser un savoir-faire spécifique et donc modeler la sûreté de l’entreprise pour laquelle il officie, selon qu’il vient d’une des trois filières identifiées : la filière privée ou voie interne, celle du ministère de l’Intérieur, et celle des militaires et des gendarmes. Conclusion de l’auteur : il semblerait qu’en dépit d’une apparente « civilianisation » du monde de la sécurité, l’expertise des anciens militaires et gendarmes continue d’être privilégiée par les entreprises.
Réaliser des transferts depuis l’Afrique du Sud : un chemin semé d’embûches
Authors: Kuhn-Le Braz Mélanie
Published: December 2017

Cet article présente brièvement les migrations en Afrique du Sud ainsi que le comportement de transferts des migrants installés dans ce pays. Il montre que l’Afrique du Sud joue un rôle central dans les migrations transfrontalières et intra-régionales. Il souligne par ailleurs les difficultés que rencontrent les migrants pour réaliser des transferts par l’intermédiaire de canaux formels, et présente les moyens alternatifs utilisés par ces derniers pour envoyer de l’argent et/ou des biens à leur famille restée dans le pays d’origine. Enfin, il souligne la nécessité de réfléchir aux mesures susceptibles de faciliter l’accès des migrants aux canaux formels de transferts.
Challenges Facing Humanitarian Logistics in a Nonprofit Organization
Authors: Baporikar Neeta , Shangheta Liina Bibi
Published: January 2018

Global and sudden disasters like earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes and epidemics and slow-onset disasters like droughts, floods and famines contribute significantly to increasing vulnerability and humanitarian needs in the world. Since 2008, Namibia has experienced recurrent floods and droughts that have affected 60 percent population. The overall problem in disaster relief is poor support for logistics. Thus, the purpose of this article is to evaluate the challenges faced by humanitarian logistics during disaster relief operation and examine strategies to overcome them for a non-profit organization (the Red Cross Society) in Namibia. The study adopts a quantitative, descriptive research design. With 25 employees, non-probabilistic sampling using a convenience sampling technique, the sample size is 21 (84%). The findings reveal critical challenges like proper sourcing relief supply, resources, transportation problems and difficulties in identifying initial relief requirement, which leads to difficulties delivering effective and efficient services to the affected areas.
Willingness to Pay and Disposition Toward Paying for Apps
Authors: Furner Christopher P. , Zinko Robert
Published: January 2018

This article describes how mobile application adoption is growing dramatically. However, only a small proportion of mobile apps are paid for. This leads to the question: which factors dispose an individual to be willing to pay for an app? Using uncertainty reduction theory as a framework, along with transaction cost economics, this study considers several individual level, app and app review characteristics which may influence willingness to pay. An experiment is conducted using a mobile application marketplace simulator and 4 application reviews are developed which vary in terms of information quality and app utility. Also measured are several individual characteristics. Findings suggest that individuals who have a disposition toward paying for apps and those who score low in terms of mobile computing self-efficacy are willing to pay more for apps. Also, individuals are willing to pay more for hedonic apps than utilitarian apps. Finally, there is a positive relationship between both history of paying for apps and trusting disposition on disposition toward paying for apps.
Enterprise Social Media
Authors: Khajeheian Datis
Published: January 2018

This article reports an ethnographic research on effect of enterprise social media on communication of members in entrepreneurial teams. The researcher acted as an entrepreneur and as a team member in two entrepreneurial projects to observe the communication of team members within the enterprise social media. In addition to observation, he conducted some interviews with team members to collect supplementary data. A theoretical framework developed from an array of three metaphors: leaky pipe, echo chamber and social lubricant, and four organizational learning processes: social capital, boundary work, attention allocation and social analytics. By the interpretation of the collected data, a new metaphor of “living room” was proposed. This metaphor suggests that enterprise social media provide a space for interaction of internal-external people similar to what home members and guests do in a living room (public conversations), as well as possibility of conversation corners (private conversations).