bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preventing Childhood Toxic Stress: Partnering With Families and Communities to Promote Relational Health
Authors: Garner Andrew , Yogman Michael
Published: July 2021

By focusing on the safe, stable, and nurturing relationships (SSNRs) that buffer adversity and build resilience, pediatric care is on the cusp of a paradigm shift that could reprioritize clinical activities, rewrite research agendas, and realign our collective advocacy. Driving this transformation are advances in developmental sciences as they inform a deeper understanding of how early life experiences, both nurturing and adverse, are biologically embedded and influence outcomes in health, education, and economic stability across the life span. This revised policy statement on childhood toxic stress acknowledges a spectrum of potential adversities and reaffirms the benefits of an ecobiodevelopmental model for understanding the childhood origins of adult-manifested disease and wellness. It also endorses a paradigm shift toward relational health because SSNRs not only buffer childhood adversity when it occurs but also promote the capacities needed to be resilient in the future. To translate this relational health framework into clinical practice, generative research, and public policy, the entire pediatric community needs to adopt a public health approach that builds relational health by partnering with families and communities. This public health approach to relational health needs to be integrated both vertically (by including primary, secondary, and tertiary preventions) and horizontally (by including public service sectors beyond health care). The American Academy of Pediatrics asserts that SSNRs are biological necessities for all children because they mitigate childhood toxic stress responses and proactively build resilience by fostering the adaptive skills needed to cope with future adversity in a healthy manner.
The Subcutaneous ICD: A Review of the UNTOUCHED and PRAETORIAN Trials
Authors: Karimianpour Ahmadreza , John Leah , Gold Michael R
Published: July 2021

The ICD is an important part of the treatment and prevention of sudden cardiac death in many high-risk populations. Traditional transvenous ICDs (TV-ICDs) are associated with certain short- and long- term risks. The subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) was developed in order to avoid these risks and complications. However, this system is associated with its own set of limitations and complications. First, patient selection is important, as S-ICDs do not provide pacing therapy currently. Second, pre-procedural screening is important to minimise T wave and myopotential oversensing. Finally, until recently, the S-ICD was primarily used in younger patients with fewer co-morbidities and less structural heart disease, limiting the general applicability of the device. S-ICDs achieve excellent rates of arrhythmia conversion and have demonstrated noninferiority to TV-ICDs in terms of complication rates in real-world studies. The objective of this review is to discuss the latest literature, including the UNTOUCHED and PRAETORIAN trials, and to address the risk of inappropriate shocks.
Troubleshooting Programming of Conduction System Pacing
Authors: Bakelants Elise , Burri Haran
Published: July 2021

Conduction system pacing (CSP) comprises His bundle pacing and left bundle branch area pacing and is rapidly gaining widespread adoption. Effective CSP not only depends on successful system implantation but also on proper device programming. Current implantable impulse generators are not specifically designed for CSP. Either single chamber, dual chamber or CRT devices can be used for CSP depending on the underlying heart rhythm (sinus rhythm or permanent atrial arrhythmia) and the aim of pacing. Different programming issues may arise depending on the device configuration. This article aims to provide an update on practical considerations for His bundle and left bundle branch area pacing programming and follow-up.
Configuración de la metropolización entre Bogotá y Soacha a partir del comercio informal
Authors: Ruiz Rojas Edwin Giovanny
Published: July 2021

Este estudio tiene como objetivo reconocer las prácticas y circunstancias en las que se desarrolla el trabajo informal que impulsa los procesos de metropolización entre Soacha y Bogotá. Para el efecto se revisa el crecimiento poblacional en el municipio de Soacha donde se registra una ampliación del sector comercial informal. Entender estos procesos es importante en virtud de que el crecimiento acelerado del municipio ha llevado a un desconocimiento del comercio informal y sus particularidades y ha derivado en que los trabajadores informales, las instituciones y la misma población no coordinen estrategias para garantizar los derechos y deberes de cada una de las partes.
Por tanto, el trabajo se desarrolla a partir de dos ejes: por un lado se muestran los avances investigativos respecto a tres categorías: 1) el crecimiento poblacional de Soacha que busca las facilidades para asentarse en el municipio; 2) la informalidad como forma de subsistencia y protección ante las desigualdades de bienestar que el municipio ofrece en cuanto a la vivienda y el acceso al trabajo y 3) la metropolización enfocada en determinar relaciones, de dependencia o no, que se entablan entre las partes involucradas. Por otro lado, se realiza un trabajo de campo que busca reconocer la conveniencia del comercio informal en ciertas partes, la procedencia de los trabajadores, las conductas de organización y apropiación del espacio, el lugar de la institucionalidad de cara al fenómeno y, por último, las dinámicas que llevan a la informalidad a convertirse en un eje fundamental para la metropolización desde la misma población.
Language Assessment Literacy and Teachers’ Professional Development: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Giraldo Frank
Published: July 2021

In this literature review, I analyze the features and impacts of 14 programs which promoted teachers’ language assessment literacy. I used content analysis to build a coding scheme with data-driven and concept-driven categories to synthesize and then analyze trends in the 14 research studies. Regarding core features, findings suggest that the programs were geared towards practical tasks in which teachers used theory critically. Also, the studies show that teachers expanded their conception of language assessment, became aware of how to design professional instruments, and considered wider constructs for assessment. Based on these findings, I include implications for the construct of language assessment literacy and recommendations for those who educate language teachers.
Key Questions in Language Teaching: An Introduction By A. G. Benati (2020)
Authors: Mohebbi Hassan
Published: July 2021

Key Questions in Language Teaching: An Introduction By A. G. Benati (2020) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 214pp.
THE METHOD OF LINES FOR SOLUTION OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL DIFFUSION-REACTION EQUATION DESCRIBING CONCENTRATION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN IN A POLLUTED RIVER
Authors: Jain Aayushi , Badshah Viquar Husain , Gupta Vandana
Published: July 2021

The present paper addresses a diffusion-reaction equation describing the dynamics of dissolved oxygen in a polluted stream of a river. The diffusion-reaction equation is a mass-balanced partial differential equation which relates the concentration of dissolved oxygen with the effect
of other natural processes, viz. diffusion, natural aeration and reaction with pollutants. The well-known method of lines is used to solve the one-dimensional non-steady state case with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The study is motivated by the miserable condition of most of the rivers in
India. Water pollution has now become a global concern and this study furnishes a better apprehension of complex phenomenon of maintaining desired level of oxygen and will aid water resource management.
DUALITIES BETWEEN FOURIER SINE AND SOME USEFUL INTEGRAL TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors: Salamat Kaushef , Ilyas Nousheen
Published: July 2021

The most useful technique of the mathematics which are used to finding the solutions of a lot of problems just like bending of beam, electrical network, heat related problems, which occurs in many disciplines of engineering and sciences are the techniques of integral transforms. In our research I discussed the duality between Fourier Sine transforms and some others effective integral transforms (namely Laplace transform, Mahgoub transform, Aboodh transform and Mohand transform). To justify the scope of dualities relation between Fourier Sine transform and other integral transforms (that are mentioned above, I presented the tabular representation of integral transform (namely Laplace transform, Aboodh transform, Mohand transform and Mahgoub transform) of various used functions by using Fourier Sine and other integral transforms dualities relation to signify fruitfulness of such connections. Results showed that these integral transform are strongly related with Fourier Sine transform.
Sugar content variation in elephant grass germplasm
Authors: Cunha Thalita Bordignon da , Pereira Antonio Vander , Lédo Francisco José da Silva , Daher Rogério Figueiredo , Machado Juarez Campolina
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to estimate sugar content variation (°Brix) in 95 accessions from the elephant grass germplasm active bank of Embrapa Dairy Cattle research center, located in Coronel Pacheco, MG, Brazil. The accessions with the highest sugar content were identified, and the effect of plant age on sugar concentration was evaluated. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks design with two replications. Sugar content analysis occurred twice during the growth-cycle (at 70 and 100 days) along two points of the stem, one 30 cm from the base and the other at the midpoint. The analysis of variance considered the split plot model, with accessions as main plots and plant age as subplots. The means were compared using the Scott Knott test. While there was sugar content variation between accessions, increased plant age had no significant effect on the sugar content. However, some accessions did have a significant increase or decrease in sugar content as they aged. The highest and lowest mean sugar content was 6.96% (in the accession BAG80) and 4.03% (in the accession BAG13) °Brix, respectively.
Phytobiotic effect of Marrubium vulgare and Leonurus sibiricus on productive performance of griller-type broilers
Authors: Schlemper Valfredo , Molinetti Wellinton Thiago , Prando Diogo Gasparin , Weber Jucieli , Schlemper Susana Regina de Mello
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: The food industry is in a continuous search for strategies of reducing of antibiotic residues in livestock production, given the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In that context, there is a consistent increasing in the usage of alternative feed phytogenic additives. Due to the pharmacological, the plants Marrubium vulgare and Leonurus sibiricus, are both potential replacements for growth-promoting antibiotics. This study evaluated the productive performance and analyze the sensory qualities in the meat of broiler that were administered M. vulgare and L. sibiricus infusions. A total of 320 chicks from an poultry farm were distributed in 8 groups groups according treatments by 28 days: Control Group (Saline); Positive control (tylosin 1%, 50 ppm); Groups of M. vulgare (MV) infusion: 2% (MV2), 4% (MV4) and 6% (MV6); and groups treated with L. sibiricus (LS) infusion: 2% (LS2), 4% (LS4) and 6% (LS6), all of them received relative doses corresponding to the live weight percentage in milliliter. There was weght gain in MV6 and LS6 group and a better food conversion in MV4, MV6, LS4, and LS6. In addition, weight gain and enhancement of the pectoral muscles were observed in these groups. The sensory analysis revealed that the broilers’ meat of MV had a more intense flavor. For marketing purposes the meat from birds that received LS had a better demand. Improvement of productive performance and sensory qualities of the broilers meat might be associated with the phytobiotic activity in it. Therefore, MV and LS can be used as natural growth promoter in broilers.
New sensitive real-time PCR targeting p28 gene for detection of Ehrlichia canis in blood samples from dogs
Authors: Paulino Patrícia Gonzaga , Camilo Tays Araujo , Mota Junior Miguel Angelo Leite , Senne Nathália Alves de , Ramirez Olga Lucia Herrán , Costa Renata Lins da , Massard Carlos Luiz , Santos Huarrisson Azevedo
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: This study aims to describe a new detection method of a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) targeting the 28 kDa outer membrane protein gene (p28) as well as to compare this method with a conventional PCR (cPCR), which targets the same gene, in order to evaluate the performance of the technique designed in this study in detecting Ehrlichia canis (E. canis). Optimum oligonucleotides concentrations were reached, and the analytical sensitivity and specificity of the qPCR were performed. A total of 218 dogs’ whole blood samples were conventionally collected for this study. The DNA was extracted from each sample. Subsequently, the samples were tested by an established cPCR and the new qPCR to compare each technique’s performances. This new qPCR method for the molecular detection of E. canis presented a detection limit of ten copies of the fragment and was considered specific for E. canis according to analytical specificity analyses performed in vitro and in silico. The standard curve revealed 100% efficiency and a coefficient of determination (R2) equivalent to 99.8%. Among the samples examined by qPCR, 24.31% were considered positive, significantly greater than those detected by cPCR (15.13%). The qPCR technique reached a higher sensitivity than the cPCR when targeting the p28 gene in detecting E. canis. The qPCR standardized in this study is an efficient method for confirming canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) diagnosis and might provide the parasitemia monitoring during the disease treatment.
Physiological and biochemical changes in ‘Fuyu’ persimmon buds during dormancy
Authors: Pereira Gabriely Pinto , Francisco Felipe , Maia Aline José , Botelho Renato Vasconcelos , Biasi Luiz Antonio , Carvalho Ruy Inacio Neiva de , Zanette Flávio
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: This study identified physiological and biochemical changes in ‘Fuyu’ persimmon buds during dormancy. Branches were collected between March and August 2015. Dormancy was evaluated by biological testing of isolated node cuttings at 25 °C and a photoperiod of 16 h. The variables analyzed were water content; reducing sugar content; respiratory activity; activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes; hydrogen peroxide content (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation. At the end of March 2015, the plants were already dormant, and the leaves and fruits present indicated a paradormancy effect. Induction of endodormancy may have occurred in June 2015, when chilling hours (CH) below 7.2 °C and higher CH below 12 °C began to accumulate, which coincided with the period in which there was a decrease in water content and respiratory activity, an increase in reducing sugars, a decrease in SOD, CAT, APX and PPO and an increase in H2O2. After an accumulation of 553 CH below 12 °C, the budburst capacity increased, and the buds presented increased water content, decreased reducing sugars content, increased respiratory activity, low activity in SOD, CAT, APX and POD and high levels of H2O2.
Spina bifida, diplomyelia and multiple malformations in a Texel lamb
Authors: Silveira Brenda Oliveira , Bertolini Marianna , Sulzbach Emília Juchem , Wentz Maria Fernanda , Sousa Felipe Auatt Batista de , Taunde Paula Augusto , Bianchi Matheus Viezzer , Riet-Correa Beatriz , Sonne Luciana
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: This report described the clinical and pathological aspects of open spina bifida and diplomyelia along with multiple congenital malformations in a Texel lamb. Clinically, paresis of the thoracic limbs, paralysis of the pelvic limbs and a cutaneous opening in the lumbosacral region were observed. At necropsy, there was a focally extensive disruption of the skin associated with an absence of the dorsal portions of the lumbosacral vertebrae. Additionally, diplomyelia of the lumbar segment, mild hydromyelia of thoracic segment, and moderate communicating hydrocephalus of the lateral and third ventricles were noted. Possible viral etiologies (bovine viral diarrhea virus, bluetongue virus, and Schmallemberg virus) were not detected by RT-PCR, and toxic plants were not identified. Therefore, a possible genetic cause may not be discarded.
Meta-analytical study of the effect of fibers in neutral detergent and acidic detergent in the diet of finishing pigs
Authors: Silva Júnior Joselito Bastos da , Pascoal Leonardo Augusto Fonseca , Andretta Ines , Silva Marcos Kipper da , Hauschild Luciano , Gomes Bruna Kuhn , Franceschina Carolina Schell
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: Performance and carcass traits of finishing pigs fed diets containing different levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were evaluated through meta-analysis. The database was constructed using information from 24 papers, 113 treatments, and 2507 animals. Correlation and variance analyze were performed. The weight gain of the pigs showed a negative correlation (P < 0.01) with the dietary NDF content and with NDF consumption. The feed conversion ratio showed a positive correlation (P < 0.01) with the inclusion of ADF in the test ingredient and with the consumption of NDF and ADF. The backfat thickness showed a negative correlation (P < 0.05) with the NDF content in the diets. The analysis of variance showed that the performance of finishing pigs was not influenced (P > 0.05) by the inclusion of ingredients with high NDF content. Likewise, the inclusion of ingredients with high ADF content did not alter (P > 0.05) feed intake and feed conversion ratio. However, the use of ingredients with a high ADF content reduced (P < 0.05) by 4% the weight gain of the pigs. The use of ingredients with high concentrations of NDF and ADF negatively affect the weight gain and feed conversion of finishing pigs; however, the ADF-related fraction has a positive relationship with the reduction of the backfat thickness.
Major cardiac defects in cattle in southern Brazil: retrospective study of necropsies over 20 years (2000-2019)
Authors: Wronski Júlia Gabriela , Cecco Bianca Santana de , Lorenzett Marina Paula , Driemeier David , Pavarini Saulo Petinatti , Sonne Luciana
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: Cardiac malformations are reported to be relatively rare in bovine species, with ventricular septal defects being the most common abnormality observed predominantly in young calves. This report aims to describe the cardiac malformations observed in bovids and review the literature related to those malformations in this species. The necropsy reports of 1,783 bovids were reviewed, and 0.4% were diagnosed with a cardiac congenital defect. The most common cardiac congenital malformation detected in this study was ventricular septal defect, observed alone or associated with other anomalies (in one case, as part of tetralogy of Fallot); followed by atrial septal defect, also alone or with other cardiac malformations. Secondary findings in the lungs and liver were observed in 75% of all cases. Histologic cardiac lesions were identified in 25% of all cases, characterized mainly by fibrosis. Other congenital malformations in different organs were observed in 25% of the cases. Considering the importance of cardiac congenital malformations observed in this study, these conditions should be considered as a differential diagnosis for calves who died with no specific clinical signs. Furthermore, macroscopic evaluation is crucial for the diagnosis of cardiac congenital malformations.
OPTIMIZATION OF ECONOMIC INDICATORS IN A CARPENTRY COMPANY THROUGH INTEGER PROGRAMMING
Authors: Freitas Luis Carlos de , Barros Ana Paula da Silva
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the economic feasibility of manufacturing frames in a carpentry company through two scenarios, including the production before and after modeling using operational research. The annual costs and revenues were quantified considering a horizon of 30 years. The economic analysis included the following criteria: Net Present Value (NPV), Equivalent Periodic Value (EPV) and Revenues Cost Ratio (R/C). The modeling was applied after analysis of the standard production using an objective function to maximize the company’s profit based on the quantity of each assortment to be produced. The standard production showed economic feasibility for all evaluated indicators, however implementing the operational research provided an increase of 57.54% for the NPV and EPV indicators, and 11.29% for the R/C ratio. In applying the sensitivity analysis after modeling, it was noticed that the value obtained for the NPV indicator was higher, even with a 10% increase in labor costs or in the price of wood, when compared to the standard production scenario before the modeling and without applying sensitivity analysis.
SEASONALITY OF THE BARK TANNINS CONTENT OF FIVE-YEAR-OLD Acacia mangium TREES GROWN IN NORTHEAST BRAZIL
Authors: Souza Jaltiery Bezerra de , Azevêdo Tatiane Kelly Barbosa de , Pimenta Alexandre Santos , Gomes João Paulo Silva , Meza Filho João Gilberto Ucella , Silva Bruna Rafaella Ferreira da
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the influence of the seasonality on the bark tannins content of Acacia mangium trees grown in the Northeastern Brazilian Region and the effect of soil preparation on the results. Two experimental plots of 1.0 ha each were submitted to different soil preparation methods, with two different intensities. The experimental design consisted of four treatments, two types of soil preparation and, two different bark collection seasons (end of the rainy and dry seasons). The bark of the trees was collected in each treatment and the contents of condensed tannins were determined. For each experimental treatment, 15 trees were harvested and debarked. Bark material was submitted to extraction with hot water, obtaining the total solids content (TSC), Stiasny index (I), and the condensed tannins content (CTC). There was no influence of the soil preparation method on the TSC, I, and CTC. However, there was a significant difference in these parameters for tree bark collected in the rainy season, with higher values. The less intensive soil preparation method is recommended due to its lower cost, and bark should be collected at the end of the rainy season for the best yield of condensed tannins.
Mediação de conflito: soluções propostas em atendimento a casos de violência contra a pessoa idosa
Authors: Matos Neuza Moreira de , Braz Mariana Campos , Albernaz Emanuelle de Oliveira , Sousa Barbara Barbosa de , Pinheiro Hudson Azevedo , Ferreira Débora Thaís Timóteo
Published: July 2021

Resumo Objetivo Descrever os motivos da violência contra pessoas idosas e as soluções propostas na mediação de conflito em um ambulatório especializado em geriatria e gerontologia do Distrito Federal, Brasil, entre os anos de 2008 a 2018. Método Estudo retrospectivo, documental, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido através da análise de informações obtidas em livros-ata da unidade, com registro de reuniões de mediação de conflito de casos de violência contra a pessoa idosa. A coleta abrangeu os motivos de violência contra a pessoa idosa e as soluções propostas na mediação de conflitos. Resultado: Foram analisados 111 casos. Os principais motivos da violência foram: sobrecarga do cuidador principal (77,4%); filhos acharem que os pais idosos eram capazes de se cuidarem sozinhos (27%); ressentimento dos filhos para com o idoso (24,3%); e desconhecimento da doença do idoso (14,4%). As principais soluções propostas foram: acompanhamento regular com médico (82,8%), assistente social e/ou psicólogo (58,5%); comprometimento de todos os filhos com a divisão dos cuidados e despesas dos pais idosos (52,2%); introdução da pessoa idosa em atividades sociais da comunidade (27%); e contratação de um cuidador formal (24,3%). Conclusão A sobrecarga do cuidador foi o principal motivo de conflito encontrado e as propostas apontadas se relacionavam a maior necessidade de cuidados em saúde com a pessoa idosa e seu cuidador, acerca disto, percebeu se a importância da disponibilidade de uma equipe multidisciplinar frente as situações de violência. A mediação de conflito permitiu o estabelecimento de estratégias reais e direcionadas para alcance de resultados frente aos casos de violência.
Adaptação transcultural da versão original da Escala de Avaliação Sociofamiliar em Idosos para o contexto brasileiro
Authors: Zanela Luciana Shirley Pereira , Gonzalez Jesús Vicente García , Souza Albert Schiaveto de , Oliveira Samuel Leite , Carvalho Alexandra Maria Almeida
Published: July 2021

Resumo Objetivo Traduzir e adaptar transculturalmente a escala espanhola de Avaliação Sociofamiliar em Idosos (Escala de Gijón) para o contexto brasileiro. Métodos Procedimento metodológico de adequação transcultural, com tradução (espanhol-português), retrotradução (português-espanhol), avaliação de equivalências semântica, idiomática, experimental e conceitual, e pré-teste da versão brasileira em uma amostra de 30 idosos. Para análise de concordância foram medidos proporcionalidade e índice Kappa Cohen-Fleiss (κ). Em adição, confirmou-se a consistência interna pelo alfa de Cronbach. Resultados A condução das traduções (T1 e T2), e retrotraduções (RT1 e RT2), e avaliações da versão síntese (T12) por comitê de especialistas e juiz neutro garantiram em T12 a essência avaliativa da versão original da escala. A avaliação dos 34 componentes de T12 mostrou adequação semântica (100%) e idiomática (94%), e adequação superior a 70% para equivalências experimental e conceitual. Houve concordância quase-perfeita entre os especialistas do comitê: semântica (κ=0,95), idiomática (κ=0,97), experimental (κ=0,98) e conceitual (κ=0,99). O pré-teste de T12 resultou confiabilidade substancial para o instrumento, com alpha de Cronbach de 0,77. Conclusão Este estudo garante a adaptação transcultural da escala de Avaliação Sociofamiliar em Idosos para o contexto da pessoa idosa que vive no Brasil. A avaliação das equivalências resultou em concordância quase-perfeita entre os especialistas. O público-alvo não reportou dificuldades para compreender as assertivas da escala. Demonstrou-se um instrumento confiável, considerando o alfa de Cronbach obtido. Após a validação da escala, estudo em andamento, será disponibilizado um instrumento confiável para o rastreio da situação sociofamiliar da pessoa idosa no contexto brasileiro.
Desafios das práticas arqueológicas e da preservação: dinâmicas socioculturais sobre e nos entornos dos sítios arqueológicos na Amazônia
Authors: Lima Marjorie , Silva Maurício André da , Lima Silvia Cunha , Cassino Mariana Franco , Tamanaha Eduardo
Published: July 2021

Resumo As relações das pessoas com as coisas e os sítios arqueológicos no contexto amazônico é extremamente plural e contextual. A cada comunidade, pesquisadores e pesquisadoras aprendem outras formas de pensar as intrínsecas relações entre passado e presente. O Laboratório de Arqueologia do Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá tem primado por uma atuação interdisciplinar para o desenvolvimento de ações e pesquisas com as comunidades ribeirinhas nas áreas de proteção. Neste artigo, abordamos as práticas arqueológicas e a salvaguarda do patrimônio em contextos comunitários. Por meio da arqueologia, da conservação arqueológica e da educação, refletimos sobre nosso papel como profissionais que atuam a partir de diferentes saberes e grupos de interesse, onde valores, significados e resultados são revisitados a todo momento em que novas colaborações são estabelecidas, seja entre pesquisas acadêmicas, seja entre agentes da comunidade. Para isso, discute-se os trabalhos desenvolvidos em Boa Esperança, localizada na Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (RDS) Amanã, que recebe arqueólogos e arqueólogas desde 2006. Consideramos que a pesquisa se transformou pelo contexto comunitário e pela ampliação do envolvimento de diferentes agentes, reorientando nossas ações em busca de alternativas de médio e longo prazo para a gestão colaborativa e sustentável do patrimônio arqueológico amazônico.
Limites e falência do corpo: o acesso ao tratamento de mulheres usuárias de crack em um CAPSad do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Vernaglia Taís Veronica Cardoso , Cruz Marcelo Santos , Peres Simone Ouvinha
Published: July 2021

Resumo O abuso de crack evidencia um problema de saúde pública complexo a ser enfrentado. Neste contexto, o consumo pelas mulheres as coloca em situação de maior vulnerabilidade. O artigo tem como objetivos identificar e descrever as motivações para o acesso ao tratamento de mulheres usuárias de crack em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPSad), voltado ao atendimento de pessoas com problemas com o álcool e outras drogas. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, feito através de observação participante e realização de nove entrevistas em profundidade com mulheres usuárias de crack, submetidos à análise temática. Os resultados indicam a presença do corpo como o argumento usado pelas mulheres para justificar a procura pelo atendimento no CAPSad. As questões ligadas ao corpo, tais como, as vivências de cansaço físico, dor, sono, emagrecimento, esgotamento, medo de morrer e da violência das ruas, direcionaram as usuárias para o tratamento. Muitas delas sentiam essa necessidade em decorrência do abuso do crack e precisavam de ajuda dos profissionais de saúde, por meio do pedido de medicação e acolhimento noturno. Assim, é fundamental reconhecer o uso do corpo como ferramenta de acesso ao tratamento por parte das mulheres usuárias de crack.
La vulnerabilidad y el riesgo: reflexiones a propósito de la pandemia del covid-19
Authors: Juárez-Ramírez Clara , Théodore Florence L. , Gómez-Dantés Héctor
Published: July 2021

RESUMEN A finales de diciembre 2019 se identificó el virus SARS-COV-2 como responsable de la pandemia de Covid-19. La rápida expansión de la transmisión puso al descubierto fallas estructurales de las sociedades modernas y de los sistemas de salud para prevenir y contener una amenaza sanitaria. La discusión científica se ha concentrado en la búsqueda de una vacuna, pero menos en comprender la respuesta social ante la amenaza globalizada actual y el temor a los rebrotes. En este ensayo reflexionamos, desde las ciencias sociales, sobre la importancia de vincular tres conceptos: vulnerabilidad-percepción-riesgo. Esto es necesario para desarrollar estrategias preventivas adecuadas a las circunstancias poblacionales, especialmente con la población más vulnerable, a favor de la equidad en salud.
Failure mechanism of joint-separated granite reinforced by three-dimensional printed bolt
Authors: Feng X. , Xue F. , Liu X. , Wang M.
Published: July 2021

This technical note uses bolt-reinforced jointed granite to investigate the relationship between the joint angle and the reinforcing effects of bolt. Three-dimensional-printed (3DP) bolts were manufactured with a real bolt as the model prototype, the dimensions and surface geometries were scaled down, and the mechanical properties were similar to those of the prototype bolt. The cylindrical granite specimens were prepared with each separated by a through-going inclined joint plane, the bolt and the granite were combined by way of bonding agent and nuts. The bearing capacity of the system, the loading status of the bolt, and the displacement/strain changing patterns on the surface of the granite were comprehensively investigated. The results indicated that granite tended to crack when the joint angle was small and that a higher joint angle weakened the bearing capacity of the system, even with the reinforcement of the bolt. For specimens with joint angles of 45 and 60°, a shearing tendency and strain concentration zones nearby the joint plane were clearly observed. This study provides a new methodology for analysing the anti-shearing behaviour of bolt in fractured hard rock.
Labiovelars and the labial-velar hypothesis: Phonological Headedness in Bare Element Geometry
Authors: Ulfsbjorninn Shanti
Published: July 2021

This paper begins by strengthening the labial-velar hypothesis with a novel interpretation of the allophonic distributions of labials and velars in Lusoga. The labial-velar hypothesis (Backley & Nasukawa 2009) is an Element Theory proposal that labial and dorsal consonants can be marked by same ‘dark’ place feature |U| (cf. grave (Jakobson & Halle 1956)). The difference between Lab and Dors is that Lab is the headed manifestation of |U|, while Dors is headless. However, by hypothesis, this appears paradoxical for labial-velar stop complex segments (collectively labelled KP). These would seem to be headless and headed at the same time. This leads to an exploration of the term ‘headedness’ in phonology. Building on the positives of previous approaches, and pairing back the assumptions to the first principles of combination (Merge), I come up with a novel theory of headedness for segment-internal structure: Bare Element Geometry (BEG). The labial-velar hypothesis, in light of BEG, is then applied to KP. A close investigation of KP’s typological distribution and behaviour, especially in Guere (Western Kru) leads to the discovery that it has two root nodes each with its own place node and, contrary to the previous literature, that its parts are phonologically ordered. KP having two ordered root nodes allows BEG’s model of headedness since the same dark place feature |U| is both headed and headless in different parts of the structure. This asymmetric theory of headedness also correctly predicts Cahill (1999)’s empirical observation that KP is never headed by Dorsal (rather than Labial).
Foro Patrimonio e Sociedade Guía práctica para a análise dun sector clave na gobernanza do futuro 2019-2021
Authors:   Consello da Cultura Galega, Nieto Freire Teresa , Sánchez-Carretero Cristina
Published: July 2021

Este documento resulta dun traballo iniciado pola Sección de Patrimonio e Bens Culturais do Consello da Cultura Galega (CCG) en outubro de 2018 e que tiña como obxectivo trazar as liñas xerais que guiarían o desenvolvemento dun foro baixo o título «Patrimonio e Sociedade». A intención era organizar este evento ao longo do ano 2020 e encamiñalo cara á reflexión e o establecemento dunhas directrices básicas arredor da xestión integral do patrimonio cultural na nosa comunidade autónoma. Finalmente, por causa do estado de alarma que vivimos no ano 2020, o foro adiouse 6 meses, prolongándose ata xuño de 2021 e rematando coa presentación deste documento. Nel plásmanse os motivos que levaron á súa realización, a estrutura, as temáticas, a calendarización e a súa metodoloxía. Inclúe tamén unha guía práctica resultante do traballo das mesas e outros materiais que se xeraron a partir das actividades desenvolvidas no transcurso do foro; en concreto, unha mesa política cos partidos que teñen representación no Parlamento de Galicia e unhas xornadas de presentación das conclusións.
Effects of β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyric supplementation in combination with conservative non-invasive treatments in athletes with patellar tendinopathy v1
Authors: Sánchez-Gómez Ángela , Manuel Jurado-Castro Jose , Mata Fernando , Jesús Sánchez-Oliver Antonio , Domínguez Raúl
Published: July 2021

Patellar tendinopathy (PT) is one of the most common musculoskeletal pain problems associated with sport, particularly those that includes jumping activities. Different studies have proposed that through nutrition it is possible to optimize physical rehabilitation in sports injuries. The objective of the present study is to analyze the effect of non-invasive conservative treatments based on eccentric training, stretching and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) supplemented with β-hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid (HMB) or placebo (PLAC) on body composition. , pain and muscle function (jumping ability, muscle power and muscle strength) in athletes with PT. The design of this study is a double-blind randomized trial composed of federated athletes, with an initial expected duration of 4 weeks, with a subsequent continuation of the intervention of 8 weeks. They will be performed before and after the intervention: body composition test, pain, countermovement jump (CMJ), back squat (BS) to analyze the load (kg) lifted (PPKG), the average speed (m / s) ( PPMV) and maximum power (W) (PPPP) reached at the load corresponding to the maximum power reached (PP) and a 5 RM leg extension test.
Chloroquine agarose gel v1
Authors: Rüdiger Salima
Published: July 2021

DNA is not only separated by size, but also by conformation. This can be used as advantage when it comes to separate and visualize topoisomers of the same plasmid: the more supercoiled a plasmid, the more compact it is. A standard agarose gel shows supercoiled plasmid as one blurred band; adding an intercalating agent such as ethidium bromide or chloroquine can resolve this. Chloroquine is able to unwind the DNA locally, releasing torsional stress and neutralizing negative supercoils, or even introducing positive supercoils. This circumstance alters the electrophoretic mobility. Low negative supercoiled plasmids become positive supercoiled and move faster through the agarose grid. Highly negative supercoiled plasmids become less negative supercoiled and move slower. This way we are able to see individual topoisomer bands on the gel. This protocol is calibrated for pUC19 extracted from E. coli and the native plasmids of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 pCC5.2, pCA2.4 and pCB2.4.
Encuentros y desencuentros identitarios de la ciudad: Barranquilla en las crónicas periodísticas de Alfonso Fuenmayor
Authors: Marrugo Puello Cecilia
Published: July 2021

Las crónicas periodístico-literarias de Alfonso Fuenmayor están estrechamente relacionadas con el entorno urbano de Barranquilla. Desde postulados psicosociales y ciertas teorías de estudios culturales se analizará cómo en su espacio cronístico se conjugan elementos que apelan a la construcción de una identidad urbana, cuyo fundamento es la relación con ese mismo entorno citadino. Abordaremos una pluralidad de enfoques temporales y la dinámica en la función del cronista para revelar su proyecto de formación identitaria, firmemente anclado en postulados de tradición y progreso y enraizada en elementos de la cultura popular del Caribe. popular del Caribe.
Llorona de agua y duende de aire: el cronotopo en la narrativa plural de dos leyendas colombianas
Authors: Becerra Lagos José Inocencio , Becerra Mayorga Witton
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo crítico analizará dos leyendas recogidas en el municipio de Susacón (Boyacá) a la luz del concepto de cronotopo desarrollado por Mijail Bajtín [1937], con el fin de develar algunos elementos simbólicos de la construcción cultural de lo humano en la literatura campesina, de arraigo colectivo y oral. En primer lugar, se observará la historia de La Llorona en diferentes circunstancias en que es activa la presencia del agua. Luego serán revisadas las relaciones entre el duende y el aire teniendo como eje central un relato popular recogido a varias voces en que dicho personaje rapta a un niño.
AUTOIMMUNOLOGY: NEW BRANCH OF MEDICINE
Authors: Churilov Leonid Pavlovich , Shoenfeld Yehuda
Published: July 2021

The article written by the co-chairmen of the First St. Petersburg Congress on Autoimmunity "Bridge between East and West", held in St. Petersburg State University June 30-July 2, 2017 describes this event and gives an overview of the main lectures and discussions during the Congress. The latest data on the role of diet, adjuvants, vaccines, viruses and microbiome, on genetic factors, stress, smoking, lifestyle, drugs - in etiology, as well as the role of lymphocytes, macrophages, various autoantibodies, complement and cytokines - in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of autoimmune diseases were discussed. The congress discussed their comorbidity, ways of treatment and prevention, markers, methodology and contribution of serological tests in the diagnosis and classification of autoimmune diseases. Current data on physiological autoimmunity, as well as the early predictive role of autoantibodies were described. The participants performed philosophical discussions about immunological concepts, and organizational discussions of the standardization of diagnostics and the principles of working with large databases, as applied to this field. The programme included Clinical Pathophysiology все of various autoimmune rheumatologic, psycho-neurological, endocrine, cardiovascular, obstetric-gynecological and many other diseases. The authors conclude that the rapid formation of Autoimmunology as a new integral medical branch happens nowadays (9 figs, bibliography: 69 refs).
CREATING OF ARTIFICIAL SKIN ANALOGUES BY 3D-BIOPRINTING
Authors: Peleshok Stepan A , Nagibovich Oleg A , Titova Maria V , Protasov Oleg V
Published: July 2021

The full-thickness wounds and burns of skin remain the current health care issue, which requires treatment by different methods of dermepenthesis. Nowadays, 3D-bioprinting technology allows to obtain experimental skin substitutes with formation of functional intercellular contacts, controlled extracellular matrix structure, the keratinocytes differentiation and neovascularization potential while the implantation into experimental wounds of laboratory animals. The aim of this study is to learn and compare actual 3D-bioprinting technical approaches for creating artificial skin substitutes and laboratory methods to study the characteristics of the resulting tissue (bibliography: 24 refs).
The importance of iron metabolism, hepcidine and soluble transferrin receptor in pathogenesis of anemia in patients with solid tumors
Authors: Gordienko A V , Sakhin V T , Kryukov E V , Sotnikov A V , Rukavitsyn O A
Published: July 2021

A comparative analysis of hemogram parameters, iron metabolism, C-reactive protein, hepcidin, soluble transferrin receptor in patients with malignant neoplasms, accompanied by anaemia and without it. Patients with anaemia compared with non-anaemic patients had lower haemoglobin, erythrocyte, hematocrit, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, iron, iron transferrin saturation, total iron-binding capacity, and higher levels C-reactive protein, hepcidin, soluble transferrin receptor (p0,05). Negative correlations of moderate strength between hepcidin and erythrocyte levels (r=-0,41), hemoglobin (r=-0,3), hematocrit (r=-0,35), and total iron-binding capacity (r=-0,51) and transferrin (r=-0,54). In addition, negative correlations of moderate strength were revealed between the soluble transferrin receptor and hemoglobin level (r=-0,57), hematocrit (r -0,49), iron transferrin saturation (r=-0,47), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (r=-0,44), mean corpuscular volume (r=-0,39). A direct correlation of moderate strength was found between the soluble transferrin receptor and transferrin (r=0,41) and total iron-binding capacity (r=0,38), as well as between hepcidin and ferritin (r=0,61), C-reactive protein (r=0,48). In general, the development of functional iron deficiency in patients with anaemia and malignant neoplasms has been established, and the value of hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptor in the genesis of this anaemia has been confirmed.
Change in homeostasis of the body and the outcome of tuberculosis in the treatment of antituberculous medicines
Authors: Loshakova A I , Tsygan N V , Zheleznyak S G , Brazhenko N A , Brazhenko O N
Published: July 2021

Fundamental research in the field of physiology revealed the important role of the state of homeostatic balance of the body in the emergence, development and outcome of human diseases, including granulomatous respiratory diseases- tuberculosis and sarcoidosis. To assess the homeostasis of the body in clinical conditions, various research methods are used - immunological, biochemical, hormonal and functional. However, in the daily work they can’t always be performed for technical and economic reasons. Proposed a new available diagnostics criterion of homeostasis based on the study of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the leukocytic formula of peripheral blood at the Department of videopornonoelia the First St. Petersburg state medical University Academy I. P. Pavlov. Among them types of adaptive reactions, leukocyte- lymphocytic index, entropy and redundancy of indicators of leukogram, monitorama blood, the degree of homeostasis and types of reactivity of an organism. During their approbation in the clinic high information content was revealed: more than 70% of the examined patients with tuberculosis of respiratory organs had defective types of adaptive reactions (intense), indices of proliferation and differentiation of monocytes were changed, and reactivity of the organism was characterized by pathological types (hyperreactive, paradoxical, hyporeactive and areactive). Treatment of patients with anti-tuberculosis drugs partially improved homeostasis, but its full recovery at the end of the main course of treatment did not occur. For better treatment in complex therapy, it is necessary to activate the body’s protective systems with the use of adaptogens (drugs, medicinal plants, physical factors: ultrasound, ultra-high-frequency inductothermy, alternating magnetic field on the regulatory centers of the suprasegmental apparatus of the autonomic nervous system). Monitoring of the state of homeostasis is most convenient to carry out using the proposed new available criteria for its evaluation.
Features of the acoustic situation in the operation of weapons and military equipment in the Armed Forces
Authors: Dvoryanchikov V V , Akhmetzyanov I M , Mironov I V , Gavrilov E K , Zinkin V N , Guchin P S
Published: July 2021

Currently, a system of measures to combat the harmful effects of industrial noise on workers has been created in the healthcare of the Russian Federation. However, the level of specific and non-specific morbidity due to industrial noise does not decrease, and the frequency of occupational diseases even tends to increase. This is due to several reasons, including a large number of noise sources, insufficient quality of medical examinations, the absence and low efficiency of the personal noise protection and others. Noise occupies one of the leading places among the harmful physical factors in the Armed forces of the Russian Federation. Therefore, it is necessary to systematize information about acoustic sources of high intensity in the Armed forces, which will reveal several features of the acoustic situation in the workplaces. The features of the noise generated during the operation of weapons and military equipment include high intensity, non-permanent nature, the presence in the spectrum of low and infrasonic frequencies. The presented data show the diversity of sources of noise in the Armed forces, generating noise and infra-sound of sufficiently high levels. The widespread occurrence of noise sources in the military contributes to the high acoustic load of a large number of servicemen. Noise exposure leads to the development of the servicemen of the disease in the first turn of the organ of hearing, increased General and occupational diseases. The direct effect of noise and the development of noise pathology contributes to the reduction of military-professional performance and reliability. Unfavourable acoustic conditions at the workplaces of military personnel require preventive measures. The noise generated by the operation of military equipment creates discomfort for the population and a threat to the environment. Environmental impacts of acoustic oscillations on the natural environment was studied in connection with the training and combat activities of troops in places of permanent deployment and at the sites located near human settlements. It is established that several million people are exposed to noise in our country. Sources of noise affecting the population are industrial and military facilities and road, rail and, especially, air transport. The problem of acoustic pollution of the environment in the operation of weapons and military equipment is one of the priority environmental problems facing the Armed forces.