bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Guarantee of Detective's Right to Secretly Follow: Focusing on the Stalking Punishment Act and the Case of Japan
Authors:   The Korean Society of Private Security, Lim Woo-Seob , Lim Wan-Seob , Park Hee-Kyun
Published: April 2023

Since the revision of the 「Credit Information Use and Protection Act (hereinafter referred to as the Credit Information Act)」 in 2020, private detective work has been legally allowed in South Korea. However, the boundary between legal and illegal acts is ambiguous in private detective activities as related laws that specify the scope of the private detective's work have not been enacted. In addition, since the 「Stalking Crime Punishment Act (hereinafter referred to as the Stalking Punishment Act)」 took effect in October 2021, there have been cases in which private detectives who performed their duties through tailing techniques were punished for stalking crimes, so it is urgent to come up with related measures. This study points out the problem that even the follow-up and subsequent acts of private detectives within the scope of work can be a stalking crime. To search for solutions, this study analyzed the Japanese cases that implement the 「Act on Appropriateness of Private Detective Business (hereinafter referred to as the Japanese Detective Business Act)」 and the 「Act on the Regulation of Stalker Acts (hereinafter referred to as the Stalker Regulation Act)」. Based on this, this study reviewed the relationship between the 「Private Detective Business Management Bill (hereinafter referred to as the Detective Business Bill) pending in the National Assembly and the 「Stalking Punishment Act」 and suggested ways to improve the Private Detective Business Bill.
A közösségi tudomány és a növényfenológiai vizsgálatok szerepe az éghajlatváltozás helyi hatásainak kimutatásában
Authors: Alföldi Zoltán , Cseh László
Published: April 2023

A tudományos kutatások egyik módszertani kiterjesztési és hatékonyság-növelési lehetősége a közösségi tudomány (citizen science), amely az elmúlt évtizedekben egyre jobban terjed a különböző tudományterületeken belül, és azok között. Ennek egyik jelentős gyakorlati példája egy lelkes amatőr adatgyűjtő (Cseh László) évtizedeken át végzett kitartó és pontos munkájával a legfontosabb helyi éghajlati adatokat (napi hőmérséklet mérése reggel 7 és 12 órakor, csapadék mennyisége) gyűjtötte össze a Cegléd melletti pusztán. Az éves hőmérsékleti átlagok mellett az évszakok hőmérsékleti átlagainak alakulását is kimutattuk, melyek közül a legnagyobb növekedést (+2,0 °C) a téli átlaghőmérsékletek alakulásánál mértük. Az adatok alapján a hőség napok (Tmax = ≥ 35 °C), valamint a fagyos- (T < 0 °C) és zord (T < 10 °C) napok számának alakulását is vizsgáltuk. Megállapítottuk a hőség napok növekvő; a fagyos- és zord napok csökkenő tendenciáit. Az adatsoroknak az országos adatok dinamikájával való összehasonlítását és a növényfenológiai felhasználási lehetőségeit mutatjuk be a jelen közleményben. A helyi adatsorok jól illeszkednek az országos tendenciához, és az éghajlatváltozás növényfenológiai hatásainak kimutatásával a természetvédelem eredményességét növelhetik. A közösségi tudomány lehetőséget ad a tudományos eredmények nagyobb mértékű társadalmi meg- és elismerésére. Az éghajlatváltozás összetett ökológiai kölcsönhatásainak lokális léptékű kimutatására a pókbangó orchidea faj alkalmazása a hazai környezeti viszonyok között is javasolható, mivel hazánkban jellemző és fokozottan védett faj, vízhiányra érzékeny, különösen alacsony talajnedvesség tartalmú területeken.
Application Of Hoshin Kanri Planning On Aviation Business
Authors: Gürcüoğlu Afranur , Bekmezci Fatih , Koçoğlu Halil İbrahim , Öztürk Abdurrahim , Özdemir Esen , Sevim Samet
Published: April 2023

Çalışmada Hoshin Kanri hakkında detaylı araştırmalar yapılmış, Hoshin Kanri'nin tarihçesi, modeli ve çeşitli dalları verilmiş ve PDCA Döngüsü arasındaki ilişkiden bahsedilmiştir. Hoshin Kanri uygulaması, PDCA döngüsünün uygulamalarını kapsar ve bir ilişki ve değiş tokuşta birbirlerinden faydalanırlar. PDCA'ya ek olarak, Hoshin Kanri Metodu'nda kullanılan diğer iki basit ama etkili ve değerli uygulama olan Cathball ve Kendi Kendine Teşhis de çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hoshin Kanri birçok uygulama ve modelle ilişkilendirilmiştir. Adil Model bunun bir örneğidir. Hazırlanan çalışma havacılık sektörü adına yapılmış bir uygulamadır. Bu uygulama ile Hoshin Kanri'nin bahsi geçen sektörde daha verimli kullanılacağı düşünülmektedir.
Pekiştirilmiş Panellerin Sanal Testi
Authors: Şişkolar Ömer , Sezen Hakan , Genç Fatma Hilal , Uyaner Mesut
Published: April 2023

Hava araçlarının yapısal tasarımında, güvenilirlik ve mukavemet kadar hafiflik de önem arz etmektedir. Uçaklarda, yüksek yakıt sarfiyatının önlenebilmesi ve faydalı yük taşıma kapasitesinin arttırılabilmesi için tasarımların optimum ağırlık ve mukavemet oranına sahip olması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada; aynı koşullar altında basma yüküne maruz kalan, farklı sayıda perçin sayısına sahip takviyeli panel tasarımları sonlu elemanlar metodu ile modellenmiştir. Amaç; perçin arası mesafenin perçin çapına oranının optimize edilmesiyle, panellerde en efektif perçin sayısının bulunmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, ANSYS paket programıyla perçin pekiştirici takviyeli 8 farklı panel modellenmiştir. Her panelde Z tipi pekiştirici kullanılmıştır. Doğrusal olmayan burkulma analizleri, aynı sınır koşulları ve basma yükü altında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda elde edilen “yer değiştirme-kuvvet” eğrisi grafiği referans alınarak ilk burkulma ve çökme yükleri elde edilmiştir. Sonlu elemanlar modelinde; perçinler arası mesafe ve perçin çapı oranı 4’den başlayıp 6.1’e kadar arttırılarak, ilk burkulma yükleri ve çökme yüklerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, perçin pekiştirici takviyeli modelde yapılan optimizasyon için gerilim yığılmalarını minimum yapan perçinler arası mesafe ve perçin çapı oranının 4,5 olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Elde edilen bu orandan sonra burkulma yükü dayanımında kısmi düşüşler olmasına karşın çökme yükü dayanımında ciddi düşüşler meydana gelmektedir. Dolayısıyla 4,5 oranının çökme yükü dayanımını optimum derecede koruyan minimum oran olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Havacılık Öğrencilerinin İstihdam Umudu Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Kakşa Gamze Nur , Soycan Sezer Yasin
Published: April 2023

Havacılık sektörü her geçen gün teknoloji ve küreselleşmenin etkisiyle gelişmekte ve değişmektedir. Sektör, son yıllarda kargo ve yolcu taşımacılığında teknoloji ve küreselleşmenin etkisiyle hızla gelişmiş ve tercih edilen bir konumdadır. Havacılık sektörüne artan ilgi beraberinde istihdam olanağını sağlamakta ve diğer sektörler arasında çekiciliği artmaktadır. Havacılık öğrencilerinin istihdam kavramına bakış açıları gelecekteki kariyer kararları ve dolayısıyla kişisel gelişimleri üzerinde etkili olacağı düşünülmektedir. İstihdam umudu, pozitif psikolojinin çalışma konularından biri olarak kabul edilen umut kavramı ile ilişkilidir. Umut, beklenmedik ve istenmeyen durumlarda bireylerin enerji düzeylerinde artış sağlayan bir değişkendir. Bireylerde umut düzeyinin yüksek olmasının, öz saygı ve akademik başarı düzeylerini de arttıracağına yönelik bulgular elde edilmiştir. İstihdam umudu, psikolojik güçlendirme ve amaç yönelimli yol olarak iki boyutta incelenmektedir. Psikolojik güçlendirme, bireyin üstlendikleri rolleri başarabileceklerine olan inançları olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Amaç yönelimli yol ise amaca ulaşabilmek için sahip olunan imkânlar olarak belirtilmektedir. Böylece bireyin yaptığı veya yapacağı işe ilişkin inancı ile kendisini amaca ulaştıracak yollar kesişince istihdam umudu kavramı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Kastamonu Üniversitesi Sivil Havacılık Yüksekokulu Havacılık Yönetimi Bölümünde lisans eğitimi alan öğrencilerinin istihdam umutlarının nasıl şekillendiği frekans analizi ile açıklanmaktadır. Araştırmanın evrenini Kastamonu Üniversite Sivil Havacılık Yüksekokulu Havacılık Yönetimi Bölümünde öğrenim gören 350 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma örneklemi olarak 250 öğrenciye anket gönderilmiş ve 215 öğrenciden geri dönüşüm sağlanmıştır. Araştırmada “İstihdam Umudu Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Ölçek iki boyut ve 14 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliği faktör analizi, güvenirliği ise Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlılık analizi ile test edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda ortaya çıkan araştırma bulguları frekans analizi ile değerlendirilmiş ve havacılık öğrencilerine kariyerleri ile ilgili önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Susceptibility Comparison of Bumblebee and Honeybee to Acetamiprid and Imidacloprid
Authors: Nasir Muhammad
Published: April 2023

midacloprid and acetamiprid are neonicotinoid insecticides introduced in the market for the control of insect pests of agricultural crops, but unfortunately these insecticides are causing harmful effect on non-target organisms including honeybees and bumblebees. Insecticides of this group effect acetylcholine nicotinic receptors. Apis mellifera, the European honeybee and Bombus haemorrhoidalis are important pollinators for wild and managed crops in Pakistan, but unfortunately their population is declining day by day at alarming rate. This study was design to find out the susceptibility level and insecticidal toxicity comparison on A. mellifera and B.  haemorrhoidalis to acetamiprid and imidacloprid under controlled laboratory conditions by using contact and oral exposure methods. The results of oral method by using sugar solution showed that honeybee is more susceptible as compared to bumblebee on both insecticides. Maximum mortality i.e. 20%, 35%, 66%, in honeybee and 16%, 29%, 45% in bumblebee workers at acetamiprid and at imidacloprid 46%, 67%, 83% in honeybee and 34%, 56%, 72% in bumblebee were observed respectively after the exposure of 3hrs. 6hrs. and 24hrs. Similar susceptibly results were found on pollen and contact method. Overall results demonstrate that these both neonicotinoid insecticides are toxic for bumblebees and honeybees, and honeybee workers are more susceptible as compared to bumblebee workers at company recommended field realistic dose.
Effect of Sugar Concentrations on the Shelf Life of Pear Candies
Authors: Fahad Chughtaia Muhammad , Hayat Imran , Rafiqu Nagina , Rafiq Saima , Qayyum Sohrab , Rashid Siddiqui Nauman
Published: April 2023

The nutritional as well as medicinal benefits of pear fruit are well established and hence its consumption is highly appreciated by nutritionists and dieticians. The current study aims to develop a pear candy and to examine how the variation in sugar concentration alters the shelf life properties with respect to packaging material of pear candy. The study follows a novel approach by preparing pear candy and then keep on increasing sugar concentration while monitoring the change in shelf life. Besides it relates sugar concentration with type of packing material to be used. The physicochemical and sensory evaluation during the study revealed that the most suitable and stable pear candy was the one with least sugar concentration i.e. pear candy packed in polythene and have 20 percent of sugar concentration. It was then followed by the pear candy with same sugar concentration and having brown paper packed. Properties like moisture content, pH, ascorbic acid content and non-reducing content of the pear candy declined with the storage whereas acidity and total soluble solids showed hike with storage. Reduction in pH arranged from 4.55 percent to 3.50 percent.  During storage period the acidity of pear candy was increased from 0.9 percent to 1.44 percent while Ascorbic acid content of pear candy was decreased from 3.75 percent to 2.97 percent. It concludes that lower the concentration of sugar and having an air tight packing makes the pear candy not only enhanced the shelf life but also the overall acceptability.
Antagonist Effect of Bacillus Species against Alternaria Rot of Tomato
Authors: Malik Javaria , Maalik Saba
Published: April 2023

The PGPR possesses antifungal activity against a broad range of pathogens. In this research study, the LPs of Bacillus strain B1 and B2 against Alternaria alternata were assessed. In vitro and in Planta assay on tomato fruit was made to check the post-harvest quality of fruits. The lipopeptides produced by both strains suppress the growth of the fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata and lessen the disease severity of the Alternaria rot on tomato fruits. The result revealed the quality of the Bacillus-treated fruits was also maintained and satisfactory. The lipopeptides of bacillus strain B1 and B2 represent a new innovative method to lessen the use of fungicides and chemical approaches to reduce the post-harvest loss caused by Alternaria alternata.
Influence of Antagonist Rhizobacteria on Attachment of Pasteuria penetrans and their Nematicidal Potential against Root Knot Nematode (M. incognita)
Authors: Anwar ul Haq Muhammad , Shahid Muhammad , Zeeshan Niaz Muhammad , Mahmood Kamra , Manzoor Ahmad Hira
Published: April 2023

Root-knot nematodes have wide host range, causing damage to many annual and perennial crops. Therefore the present study was planned to check the effect of PGPRs on juvenile’s mortality and egg hatching inhibition of M. incognita   and attachment of Pasteuria penetrans with second stage Juveniles under lab conditions. All PGPR increased the spores attachment with second stage juveniles, maximum spores attachment (194.23 %) was found in E. cloacae and minimum spores attachment (142.3 %) was found in E. areogenis after 24 hours. All the PGPRs caused larval mortality and inhibition in egg hatching with varying degrees. Maximum eggs inhibition (75.48 %) was found in P. flourescencs and minimum eggs inhibition (69.47 %) was found in E. areogenis after six days and maximum juvenile's mortality (88%) was found in P. flourescencs and minimum juvenile's mortality (78%) was found in E. areogenis after two days.
Antagonistic Potential of Bacillus Strain against the Post-Harvest Blue Mold of Lemon
Authors: Maalik Saba , Zahid Zunaira , Malik Javaria
Published: April 2023

The present study focuses on the reduction of significant postharvest blue mold disease of lemon (Citrus limon L) fruit through the use of Bacillus strains in vivo and in vitro conditions. Blue mold which is caused by Penicillium italicum is the most dangerous postharvest disease of lemon fruit and causes significant losses in citrus fruits. In this study, antagonistic compounds like Cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) produced by Bacillus strains were used to control P. italicum. CLPs are considered best the antagonistic compound of Bacillus Strains that primarily play an important role in the reduction of plant diseases and have three important families such as iturin, fengycin, and surfactin. This study was carried out by using seven strains of the genus Bacillus that were used in vitro assay. Among these seven strains, two strains Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus thuringiensis showed wonderful inhibition zone in vitro assay carried out in Petri plates. Further CLPs were extracted from the both best strains and used in vivo assay on lemon fruit and showed less disease incidence and lesion diameter of disease. Furthermore, lemon fruits treated with CLPs showed increasing defense mechanisms of enzymes P AL, PPO, and PO. This study indicates the strong antifungal effect of Bacillus strains and their metabolites CLPs against the blue mold of lemon.
Effect of Supplementation of Phytase Enzyme in Diet on Growth Performance of Broiler Chicks
Authors: Younis Hafiz Muhammad Bilal , Hussain Fiaz , Waheed Muhammad Huwaitib
Published: April 2023

The research was carried out on broiler chicks to determine the effect of phytase enzyme addition in diet on broiler chick growth. Following one week of brooding, 120 birds were randomly selected and divided into three treatment groups: Phyt-0, Phyt-500, and Phyt-1000, with Phytase enzyme (Phyt) at rates of 0, 500, and 1000 FTU/kg in feed. There were 40 birds in each treatment group, with 10 birds per replicate. The trial was divided into two parts: the starter phase (1-21 days) and the finisher phase (22-35 days). Weekly data on body weight gain and feed consumption were collected, and the weekly feed conversion ratio was calculated using this information. Carscass characteristics were measured at end of trial. Birds fed diet supplemented with higher phytase occupied higher growth performance and better carcass characteristics. Birds fed a diet high in phytase performed better in terms of growth.
Garbage classification using deep learning technology
Authors:   University of Information and Communication Technology, Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam, Huu Huy NGO , Van Tung BUI ,   University of Information and Communication Technology, Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam, Hung Linh LE ,   University of Information and Communication Technology, Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam, Duy Minh NGUYEN ,   University of Information and Communication Technology, Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam
Published: April 2023

Garbage classification has always been an important issue in environmental protection, resource recycling, and social livelihood. However, garbage classification takes a lot of time and effort. Moreover, garbage classification directly affects the health of workers. Currently, due to the development of artificial intelligence, advanced garbage classification robots are being used more and more in recycling factories. With the sufficient support of robots integrated with artificial intelligence technology, garbage will be more and more quickly processed and accurately classified. Therefore, this study presents an efficient and simple garbage classification model based on deep learning technology. This model will automatically and accurately classify garbage, thereby freeing up human labors. In this paper, the ResNet-50 model was used to develop the system. The input data includes images of garbage types to perform classification, and 3 different groups of garbage will be classified. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this model.
Integrate deep neural network and support vector machine to improve the quality of voice processing in internet of things devices
Authors:   Hanoi National University of Education 2, Vietnam, Nang An NGUYEN , Thanh Trung TRAN ,   Hanoi National University of Education 2, Vietnam, Kim Hoan TRAN ,   Hanoi National University of Education 2, Vietnam, Tuan Anh NGUYEN ,   Hanoi National University of Education 2, Vietnam, Minh Doanh PHAM ,   Hanoi National University of Education 2, Vietnam
Published: April 2023

Along with the development of science and technology, especially internet of things (IOT), IOT-related products increasingly contribute to improving people’s life. Among those products, it is impossible not to mention smarts city, internet of Vehicle devices and especially smart home, which are usually voice controlled. Therefore, voice processing technology is also in need of improvement. The article mainly focuses on processing human voice independently of text. In particular, Convolutional network (CNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) will be integrated to create Feature Building Machine. SVMs are often used in voice and image classification, which accordingly is a critical and swift data sorter. The article analyzes the advantages of the combination Deep Neural Network (DNN) and SVMs in voice recognition and is the foundation to develop devices for smart home. The experimental results, which was used in the standard Voxceleb database, demonstrate the superiority in sound recognition compared to traditional i-vector methods or other CNN methods.
Educación y Rendimiento Académico. Inteligencia Emocional, estrategia para mejorar el Rendimiento Académico
Authors: Chusin Millingalli Víctor Ricardo , Pazmay Pazmay Pablo David , Quilligana Guachi Luis Carlos , Guédez Mujica Ana Graciela , Espinoza Beltrán Paul Stalin , Chisaguano Chisaguano Luis Armando , Agualongo Amangandi Joffre David
Published: April 2023

La inteligencia emocional se ha convertido en una habilidad necesaria para cualquier ámbito de la vida de las personas ya que esto no solo les permite tener un mejor funcionamiento, sino que es una habilidad que les permite conocer sus estados emocionales, pensar las emociones y comprender y controlar sus respuestas emocionales y de comportamiento, este es un tema que ha ido tomando auge en los últimos años, por ello, en la actualidad se ha ido implementando un proceso de alfabetización relacionada con la inteligencia emocional. En este contexto esta obra busca desarrollar en sus Díez capítulos aspectos de vital importancia en el contexto de la educación y la inteligencia emocional.
Toxicopathological Effects of Oral Sodium Arsenite on Production of Layers
Authors: BARIRAH REHMAN TALPUR  , ZAHEER AHMED NIZAMANI  , MANSOOR TARIQ  , IMDAD HUSSAIN LEGHARI  , AYAZ ALI MEMON
Published: April 2023

Arsenic is a highly toxic metal found in surface as well ground water in many areas of South Asia and can affect humans, animals as well as commercial poultry industry. The present study aimed to assess toxico-pathological effects of arsenic on egg production, quality and health of layers. Seventy-five Hy-Line W-36 layers were divided into four treatment groups (B, C, D, E) which were daily given 1mg, 5mg, 10mg, and 20 mg/kg/bw respectively of sodium arsenite in drinking water for three weeks while one group (A) served as control. The groups were examined weekly for determination of body weight. Further, egg production, weight and quality parameters like albumin, yolk, shell weight, thickness and Haugh unit were assessed. Deleterious effects of sodium arsenite were found to be dose and time dependent. There was a significant decrease in egg production, egg weight, albumin weight, yolk weight, shell weight, shell thickness and Haugh unit. There was decreased feed intake, increased water intake and reduced body weight. In conclusion, the sodium arsenite in drinking water produces adverse effects on egg production and quality of layers in time and dose dependent manner.
Status of Biological Control in Pakistan
Authors: MOHAMMAD IRSHAD
Published: April 2023

Biological control is not a new phenomenon in human history. It is the control of pests through living organisms. It is less destructive to the environment. It is self-perpetuating and comparatively less expensive. It needs much more expansion in Pakistan. The experience of biological control started for me in 1963 when I was a student. Afterward I explored this work in various institutions of the country where I had a chance to work. I started establishing biological control laboratories especially for mass rearing of Trichogramma. Important basic and applied work has been accomplished. Moreover, the work on biological control undertaken has been compiled and published.
Line of Thinking on the Numeral of Fancy Pigeons
Authors: ASHRAFUL KABIR
Published: April 2023

Fancy pigeons are huge in number in the world. This is very tough to come into a concrete solution on their specific numbers. From the wild rock-pigeon, all fancy pigeons have been evolved. Taxonomically, all fancy pigeons are breed but on the basis of the information of many books, pigeons could be classified into the following terms (race, strain, variety, type). The quantitative method ensured the actual number of the fancy pigeons of the world and qualitative survey showed their differentiating characteristics. Many old and new books, online supplements, articles, reports, and oral communication helped a lot for understanding the history and ensured 116 fancy pigeons in the world based on their physique, exceptional colour, voice, and behaviour. In this number of pigeons, races were 8, strain 1, breeds 57, varieties 45, and types 5 (Table 2; Figure 2). In addition, mentionable groups were consisted of eight― performing, structured, meat, coloured, feathered, trumpet, cropper, and wattled (Table 1). The highest members (44 pigeons) were in performing group (flying tumbler, show tumbler, racing, and flying) (Table 1; Figure 1). In fact, pigeon keepers did not bother about the scientific classification of their pigeons.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THREE EXTRACTION PROCESSES OF SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM LEAVES AND STEMS OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA (Asteraceae)
Authors: CHOUGOUO-NKUITCHOU KENGNE Rosine Désirée , N'Guessan Gnaman Clemence Clemence , Kouakou Sylvain Landry , Djoko Ernest , Tuo Kouassi Awa , Lia Arthur , Aka Any-Grah Sandrine , N'Guessan Alain , Dally Ismaël , Koffi Armand
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Artemisia annua (Asteraceae) is a plant widely used to treat diseases including malaria. Manipulation conditions and treatment of plant influence physico-chemical characteristics and composition, so that objective of this work was to examine extraction processes in order to identify the best process that leads to obtain extracts with optimal pharmacotechnical characteristics and phytochemical properties for drugs formulation.

Methods: From raw powder resulting by spraying stems and leaves of Artemisia annua, 3 types of extracts were obtained; a dry infused, a dry hydro-ethanolic macerate and a freeze-dried infused. These different extracts were then characterized on physico-chemical, phyto-chemical and microbiological levels in order to compare them.

Results: Freeze-dried infused exhibited the highest extraction yield followed by dry hydro-alcoholic macerate and dry infused with extraction percentages respectively of 11.7 ±0.3%, 8.4 ± 0.4% and 6.8 ± 0.3%. Powders tested were fine and had a diameter varying from 0-2.75 µm with a D 50 <125 µm). Lyophilisate had a porphyritic morphology while macerate and infused had respectively a sticky and crystalline appearance. All powders were microbiologically clean and hydro-ethanolic macerate was qualitatively the richest extract in phytochemicals.

Dosage of artemisinin by HPLC showed that freeze-dried infused had the highest concentration of artemisinin (3322.5 +/- 0.637 µg/mL) compared to dry infused (1308.9 +/- 0.105 µg/mL), dry macerate (1296.2 +/- 0.251 μg/mL) and raw powder (2190.8 +/- 0.48 μg/mL). In contrast, phytochemical constituents such as flavonoids were more abundant in macerate than dry infused respectively at 28.7 +/- 0.215 mg EQ/g and 11.4 +/- 0.16 mg EQ/g. Flavonoids concentration were not quantifiable in lyophilizate.

Conclusion: Lyophilization should be the best pharmaceutical processes which permit to obtain a high concentration of artemisinin, the best yield of extract, good moisture content and extract powder highly recommended for herbal galenic preparation forms used to fight malaria diseases.
Wohnraummiete
Authors: Berger Hannes
Published: April 2023

Alles Wichtige zur Vermietung von Wohnraum Der Praxisratgeber richtet sich sowohl an gewerbliche und private Vermieter/-innen als auch an Mieter/-innen von Mietwohnungen. Das Buch erklärt übersichtlich alle wesentlichen Fragen rund um die Wohnungsmiete. Dazu gehören insbesondere einschlägige Kapitel zu Mietvertrag, Rechten und Pflichten der Mietvertragsparteien, Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Erhöhung der geschuldeten Miete Kündigung des Mietverhältnisses. Mietrecht auf dem neuesten Stand Da das deutsche Mietrecht häufigen Veränderungen unterliegt und auch politisch stark umkämpft ist, legt der Autor besonderes Augenmerk auf Aktualität. So erläutert er die Mietrechtsanpassungen der letzten Jahre und stellt den Kündigungsschutz im Zusammenhang mit der Coronavirus-Pandemie verständlich dar.
Sinnstiftendes Management und wertegeleitete Kommunikation
Authors: Lee Corinna
Published: April 2023

How can purpose and values in the company be made tangible for the employees? How can theological reflection become a central leadership competence in diaconal enterprises? How can diaconal enterprises position themselves as attractive employers for young professionals? The theology-led management model unfolds in five steps how diaconal enterprises can determine their purpose and use values to incorporate it into their corporate structures and processes. The key lies in value-led communication processes. With vivid and proven practical examples, the author Corinna Lee describes the path to a meaning-creating and value-guided corporate management, which can also be transferred to non-church companies.
Письмо Иштар-Шуму-Эреша - Асархаддону (abl 519 = las 13) в контексте прогнозирования внешней и внутренней политики Ассирии
Authors:   МГУ, филологический факультет, Святополк-Четвертынский Игорь Анатольевич
Published: April 2023

Дана попытка показать политическую и военную деятельность ассирийского царя Асархаддона во взаимодействии с аналитической астрологией на примере письма Иштар-шуму-эреша – Асархаддону (ABL 519 = LAS 13 = SAA 10:8). Данное письмо, датируемое до 671г. до н.э., на основе господствовавших в данный период астрологических представлений о мире и явлений в нём предопределяет будущее успешное завоевание главного геополитического противника Ассирии – Египта. Указывается, что понимание взаимосвязи движения планет и человеческой деятельности на психическом, а соответственно и физическом уровнях пронизывало всех ассирийских и вавилонских представителей той эпохи, а соответственно, придавало их уверенности дополнительную внутреннюю (эзотерическую) мотивировку. Подчёркивается, что сочетание всех указанных факторов (внутренняя мотивировка, психологическая, а затем и физическая подготовка) обеспечили в конечном итоге геополитическое преимущество ассирийской цивилизации над египетской в новоассирийский период. An attempt is made to show the political and military activities of the Assyrian king Esarhaddon in interaction with the analytical astrology on the example of the Letter to Ishtar-Shumu-Eresh - Esarhaddon (ABL 519 = LAS 13 = SAA 10:8). The transcription and translation of the most significant part of this letter is given, its style and professional language are analyzed. This letter, dated before 671. BC, on the basis of the astrological ideas about the world and phenomena prevailing in this period, determines the future successful conquest of the main geopolitical enemy of Assyria - Egypt. It is indicated that the understanding of the relationship between the movement of the planets and human activity at the mental, and, accordingly, physical levels, permeated all the Assyrian and Babylonian representatives of that era, and, accordingly, gave their confidence an additional internal (esoteric) motivation. It is emphasized that the combination of all these factors (internal motivation, psychological, and then physical training) ultimately ensured the geopolitical advantage of the Assyrian civilization over the Egyptian one in the Neo-Assyrian period.
Франк (европеец) – персонаж армянского и тюркского эпосов
Authors:   Институт археологии и этнографии НАН, Рамазян Самвел
Published: April 2023

Статья посвящена рассмотрению персонажа европейца или франка и связанных с ним эпизодов из эпоса «Сасна црер» («Сасунские удальцы») и версии западной группы эпоса «Кёроглы». В сказаниях «Сасна црер»" персонаж европейца представляют Бапы (Пап) Френки и Хач пароны. Первый отождествляется с собирательным образом Папы Римского, второй – с баронами или рыцарями-крестоносцами. В обоих случаях появление персонажей является результатом конкретных исторических реалий, зафиксированных в отношениях с армянами во время крестовых походов, чего не могло быть раньше XII–XIII вв. Персонаж европейца (феранг) присутствует в некоторых версиях западной группы эпоса «Кёроглы». С учетом исторических условий и среды появления персонажа, а также времены действия, персонаж европейца мог быть импортирован из «Сасна црер» в эпос «Кёроглы» по армянским каналам. The article is devoted to the consideration of the personage of the European or Frank and related episodes from the “Sasna Tsrer” (“Daredevils of Sassoun”) epic and the versions of the Western group of the “Koroglu” epic. In the versions of “Sasna Tsrer” the personage of the European is represented by Bapy (Pap) Frenki and Khach Parons. The first is identified with the collective image of the Pope, the second - with barons from crusader knights. In both cases, the appearance of personages is the result of historical realities recorded in relations with the Armenians during the Crusades, which could not have happened before the 12th-13th centuries. The personage of the European (Ferang) is present in some versions of the Western group of the epic “Koroglu”. Taking into account the historical conditions and environment of the appearance of the personage, as well as the typical period, the personage of the European (Frank) could be imported from “Sasna Tsrer” into the epic “Koroglu” through Armenian channels.
The Attributes of Sacredness of Animals on the Reliefsof Armenia and Georgia (6th-14th Centuries)
Authors:   Russian-Armenian University, Institute of Oriental Studies, Mikayelyan Lilit
Published: April 2023

In Armenian and Georgian sculpture of the 6th-14th centuries, there are many images of real and fantastic animals with certain attributes: ribbons, necklaces, wreaths, crowns. One of the oldest examples of such iconography is known on the 8th-6th century BC Urartian statuette depicting a crowned sphinx with a ribbon tied to its torso. The use of ribbons and necklaces as attributes of animal sacredness becomes especially popular in the culture of Sasanian Iran of the 5th-7th centuries, where they indicated the royal, benevolent symbolism of the images. Bird figures with ribbons around their necks in Armenian, Georgian, and East Christian art of the 5th-7th centuries reveal the obvious influence of Sasanian iconography. In Christian art, these attributes denoted the victorious, heavenly symbolism of images. In the 10th-14th centuries, a number of fantastic animals: griffins, sirens, sphinxes are usually depicted with necklaces and crowns – as markers of their belonging to the upper world. В армянской и грузинской скульптуре VI-XIV веков известно множество изображений реальных и фантастических животных с определенными атрибутами: лентами, ожерельями, венцами, коронами. Один из древнейших примеров такой иконографии известен на урартской статуэтке VIII-VI веков до н.э., изображающей коронованного сфинкса с лентой на туловище. Использование лент и ожерелий как атрибутов сакральности животных становится особенно популярным в культуре Сасанидского Ирана V-VII веков, где они указывали на царственную, благопожелательную символику образа. Изображения птиц с лентами на шеях в армянском, грузинском, а также восточнохристианском искусстве V-VII веков показывают очевидное влияние сасанидской иконографии. В христианом искусстве эти атрибуты указывали на победную, небесную символику образов. В X-XIV веках ряд фантастических животных: грифоны, сирены, сфинксы как правило изображались с ожерельями и коронами – маркерами их принадлежности верхнему миру.
Comparative Analysis Of Non-Performing Financing At PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia, TBK (BSI) Before And After The Merger
Authors: Alim Bahri  , Rulyanti Susi Wardhani
Published: April 2023

Three government-owned Islamic banks were merged, namely PT. Bank BRI Syariah, PT. Bank BNI Syariah, and PT. Bank Mandiri Syariah became PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) is an effort to improve the financial performance of Islamic banks so that they can be more competitive. This study aims to test and analyze differences in non-performing financing before the merger (2019 quarter II – 2020 quarter IV) and after (2021 quarter I - 2022 quarter III). The sample in this study is the quarterly financial reports of Bank BSI. The analytical method is a descriptive comparative method and uses a paired sample t-test analysis technique. The study results show significant differences in non-performing financing before and after the merger, which indicates that the union influences the risk of problem financing.
Parohia în textul sfintelor canoane și în practică bisericească
Authors: Mazilu Dumitru
Published: April 2023

Etimologia cuvântului parohie ne determină să aducem câteva explicații din punct de vedere canonic și din cel al practicii bisericești. În cele ce urmează voi trata acest subiect într-o manieră alternativă, în sensul că fiecare exemplu canonic va fi trecut atât prin analiza lingvistică cât și prin analiza din punct de vedere bisericesc -acestea în ideea de a realiza o abordare completă a acestui subiect ales.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СРОКОВ ГОДНОСТИ КИСЛОМОЛОЧНОГО НАПИТКА С ИНКАПСУЛИРОВАННЫМИ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫМИ ДОБАВКАМИ
Authors: А.К. Какимов , А.А. Майоров , А.М. Муратбаев
Published: April 2023

Статья посвящена комплексному исследованию срока годности кисломо-лочного напитка с инкапсулированными биологически активными добавками. Составлена динамика изменений органолептических показателей кисломолочного напитка. Исследова-ния кисломолочного напитка проводили в течение недели (7 суток). На следующем этапе было исследовано влияние титруемой кислотности на процесс хранения кисломолочного напитка. Срок годности кисломолочного напитка полностью соответствовали требованиям.
БАҒДАРШАМДЫ БАСҚАРУ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯСЫНДА АВТОНОМДЫ ТЕКСЕРУ ЖҮЙЕСІН АВТОМАТТАНДЫРУ
Authors: К.М. Акишев , А.Д. Тулегулов , Д.С. Жамангарин , С.С. Демесинова , Ш.Т. Хайрулла
Published: April 2023

Бағдаршам 1864 жылы құрылғаннан бері көлік ағынын реттеуде маңызды рөл атқарады. Содан бері көптеген зерттеулер жүргізілді, ал басқалары әлі де жалғасуда, әсіре-се қалалық жерлерде жол қозғалысына қатысушылардың сұранысын қанағаттандыру үшін бағдаршам жүйелерінің жұмысын жетілдіріп жатыр. Бұл жұмыста бағдаршам жүйелеріне қатысты болжамды техникалық қызмет көрсету саласында аз жұмыс жасалғаны байқалады. Әдебиетте қабылданған апаттық-техникалық қызмет көрсету тәсілі қанағаттанарлық емес, өйткені бағдаршам, әсіресе жұмыс уақытында сөнбеуі керек. Бұл мақалада бағдаршам жүй-есінің жарық шығаратын сигнал бақылайтын автономды тексеру жүйесі ұсынылған және қысқа хабарлама қызметі (SMS) арқылы техникалық қызмет көрсету операторларына шам-ның басы толығымен істен шыққанға дейін ауыстыру қажеттілігі туралы ескертеді. Біздің жалпы мақаламыздың негізгі бөлігінде көрсетілген.
HUKUM ISLAM & HUKUM BARAT DISKURSUS PEMIKIRAN DARI KLASIK HINGGA KONTEMPORER
Authors: Galib Andi Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Hukum Islam dan hukum Barat adalah dua sistem hukum yang memiliki landasan dan falsafah yang berbeda. Namun, di berbagai negara kedua sistem hukum ini bertemu dan berinteraksi dalam pola yang unik dan beragam. Keduanya menjadi sistem hukum yang memiliki pengaruh luas di dunia. Buku ini secara umum menguraikan perbedaan mendasar antara hukum Islam dan hukum Barat serta perkembangannya hingga era kontemporer. Dari aspek paradigma, Hukum Barat cenderung menggunakan paradigma antroposentris. Perumusan hukum lebih banyak ditentukan oleh kondisi sosial, politik, ekonomi, dan budaya serta mengabaikan aspek esoteris yang transenden. Di sisi lain, hukum Islam justru berangkat dari paradigma esoteris teo-antroposentris yang dominan berakar pada ajaran Islam.
Fiqih Status Kewerganegaraan dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam Dan UU Nomor 12 Tahun 2006 Tentang Kewarganegaraan Republik Indonesia
Authors: Ridho Akbar
Published: April 2023

Citizenship is an important issue in the life of the state. This relates to the rights and obligations of a person in a country. Various legal systems have different views on formulating citizenship. Islamic law as one of the world's legal systems as well as a source of national law has a genuine concept of citizenship. Is the concept of citizenship in Islam still relevant to the concept of citizenship in Indonesia which has adopted modern law? It is at this point that this article aims to identify and analyze in-depth the differences in citizenship status from the perspective of Islamic law and Indonesian positive law. The method used in this article is a normative legal research method with a conceptual approach and a statute approach. The results in the study of this article indicate that citizenship status in Islam is divided into four, namely Muslim, dhimmi, harbiy, and musta'min. The four citizenship classifications are based on religious and political status. Meanwhile, in the perspective of Law Number 12 of 2006 concerning Citizenship, the classification of citizenship is only distinguished by two terms, namely citizens of Indonesian descent and citizens of foreign descent.
 
Kewarganegaraan merupakan persoalan penting dalam kehidupan bernegara. Hal tersebut sangat berhubungan dengan hak dan kewajiban seseorang dalam sebuah negara. Banyak cara dalam menentukan kewarganegaraan. Semuanya berasal dari konsep-konsep yang sudah ada dengan melakukan perubahan-perubahan sesuai kebutuhan suatu negara. Hukum Islam sebagai salah satu sistem hukum dunia seskaligus sumber hukum nasional mempunyai konsep yang genuine tentang kewarganegaraan. Apakah konsep kewarganegaraan dalam Islam tersebut masih relevan dengan konsep kewarganegaraan di Indonesia yang sudah menganut hukum modern. Di titik inilah artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis secara mendalam terkait perbedaan status kewarganegaraan dalam persepktif hukum Islam dan hukum positif Indonesia. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan artikel ini adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual approach dan statuta approach. Hasil dalam studi artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa status kewarganegaraan dalam Islam dibagi menjadi empat, yaitu muslim, dzimmi, harbiy, dan musta’min. keempat klasifikasi kewarganegaraan tersebut didasarkan pada status agama dan politik. Sementara dalam perspektif UU Nomor 12 tahun 2006 tentang Kewarganegaraan klasifikasi kewarganegaraannya hanya dibedakan pada dua istilah, yaitu warga keturunan asli Indonesia dan warga keturunan asing.
From Living Law to National Law: Theoretical Reconstruction of Applying Islamic Law in Indonesia
Authors: Rohmah Siti , Alfatdi Azka Rasyad
Published: April 2023

Islam entered and developed in Indonesia by bringing new values to life. The entry of Islam amid the plurality of Indonesian society then gave rise to a distinctive pattern of interaction. The intersection of Islamic values with Indonesian cultural values gives rise to various patterns of interaction. Now Islamic values have been accepted as a living value in Indonesian society. Acceptance of Islamic values and norms also occurs within the jurisdiction. Islamic law developed together with the customary law system and western law. Even now, Islamic law has become one of the important sources of law in developing national law. The inclusion of Islamic law in The national legal system certainly goes through long social and political dynamics and involves various parties. This article aims to examine the process of accepting Islamic law in the national legal system from a theoretical perspective. The study was conducted with a library research approach. This study is needed as material for reflection and projection of the development of Islamic law in Indonesia in the future.
Gadai Sawah Tradisional dan Ketentuannya dalam Hukum Positif Menurut Ulama NU Banyuwangi
Authors: Rimba Salsabila Mutiara , Yasin Noer
Published: April 2023

The people of Benculuk Village, Banyuwangi, have a tradition of pawning rice fields with the condition that the rice fields are used by the pawn recipient (the creditor). Utilization of the collateral continues without a time limit. Even though the provisions regarding the use of mortgaged agricultural land have been regulated in positive law, the community ignores them. The article aims to find out how the positive law regarding pawning rice fields applies and find out what the NU ulema think about pawning practices in the Benculuk Village community. The study was carried out using a qualitative approach with data collection methods in the form of interviews and documentation. The study found that the provisions for pawning rice fields are regulated in Article 7 No. 56/PRP/Tahun 1960, which determines the maximum time limit for the use of pawned rice fields is seven years. The study also found that from the perspective of NU Ulema, the practice of pawning in the area is not following Islamic law. on the other hand, they also agree with the law regarding the limits on the use of mortgaged rice fields. This regulation is expected to reduce tyranny in existing pawning practices.
 
Masyarakat Desa Benculuk, Banyuwangi mempunyai tradisi menggdaikan sawah dengan ketentuan bahwa sawah itu dimanfaatkan dan diambil hasilnya oleh penerima gadai (kreditur). Pemanfaatan jaminan itu berlangsung tanpa batasan waktu, selama debitur belum mampu membayar pinjamanya maka lahan pertanoian akan terus dimanfaatkan kreditur. Walaupun ketentuan tentang pemanfaatan lahan pertanian yang digadaikan telah diatur dalam hukum positif namun, masyarakat tidak menghirauakanya. Artikel bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana ketentuan hukum positif tentang gadai sawah yang berlaku dan juga untuk mengetahui bagaimana pendapat ulama NU tentang praktik gadai dalam masyarakat Desa Benculuk dan ketentuan hukum positif mengenai gadai lahan pertanian. Kajiaan dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan dokumentasi. Kajian menemukan bahwa ketentuan gadai sawah diatur dalam Pasal 7 No 56/PRP/Tahun 1960, yang menentukan batas waktu maksimal pemanfaatan sawah yang digadai adalah selama tujuh tahun. Kajian juga menemukan bahwa dalam perspektif Ulama NU praktig gadai di daerah tersebut tidak sesuai dengan hukum Islam. di sisi lain mereka juga setuju dengan peraturan Undang-Undang mengenai batas pemanfaatan sawah yang digadaikan. Peraturan tersebut diharapkan dapat mengurangi kedzaliman didalam praktik gadai yang ada.
Understanding John Austin's Legal Positivism Theory and Hans Kelsen's Pure Legal Theory
Authors: Ahmad Fanani  , Muhammad Sulthon Zulkarnain
Published: April 2023

John Austin and Hans Kelsen are widely recognized as influential legal experts. Their theories and thoughts about law are still a reference for jurists around the world. John Austin's Legal Positivism Theory offers a scientific and measurable legal paradigm when most existing legal products do not have certainty and are not measurable with certainty. Meanwhile, Hans Kelsen's Pure Law theory was also born as a form of response to various legal products at that time which could not be separated from various social, political, and cultural interests. So that law as a product of the state does not have authoritative legal certainty. The thoughts of both have sparked various responses and many among legal experts around the world. Therefore this article will further explore the two thoughts of these two figures in the hope of helping to show that Pure Law Theory and positive law theory are still relevant to contemporary legal theory.
Bustanul Arifin and A. Qodri Azizy on the Absorption of Islamic Law into National Law: a Discourse of Thinkin
Authors: Sulistyaningrum Dwi Rahayu
Published: April 2023

Bustanul Arifin and A. Qodri Azizy are two well-known Indonesian legal experts, especially in matters of Islamic law legislation in Indonesia. both of them have major contributions to the dynamics of Islamic law legislation in Indonesia. although both thoughts have been widely reviewed, most of them are still in separate partial reviews. Because of this, this paper seeks to present the thoughts of the two figures in one frame regarding the absorption of Islamic law into national law. The study was conducted using normative legal research methods, applying historical and conceptual approaches, and using qualitative analysis methods. The results of the study found that the two figures agreed on the urgency of absorbing Islamic law into Indonesian national law. Bustanul stated the importance of absorbing Islamic law through legislation. Meanwhile, A. Qodri Azizy put forward the eclecticism of Islamic law and general law. The development of post-reform democracy has made Islamic law able to compete with customary law, as well as Western heritage law in a democratic and free manner. So that all three of them can run eclectically without prioritizing Muslim majoritarianism