bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of double screw press and method of controlling the parameters of the briquetting process
Authors: Miloš Matúš  , Peter Križan  , Ľubomír Šooš  , Juraj Beniak
Published: December 2021

Paper is focused on development of new patented construction of screw briquetting machine for compacting biomass into the solid biofuel. Developed machine design is based on achieved results of comprehensive research of the complicated process of biomass densification. Patented construction provides two main goals: the elimination of axial forces, which causes increasing of bearings lifetime, and a new modular design of pressing chamber and tools with geometry based on application of the mathematical model. Research of the biomass densification pointed to the need for modular design of densification machine, where it is possible to control all significant parameters of the densification process. The goal of this paper is to present a new patented design of screw press, which satisfies all requirements for modularity and control of the parameters. It allows optimizing this process for different types of raw materials and achieving high quality production. Results of experimental research of densification process then allow the engineering design of the production machine tailor-made to the customer, while being able to minimize investment, energy and operating costs. The developed design of screw press is unique in its modularity and high reliability.
Antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, and organ protective effects of Schumanniophyton magnificum stem bark aqueous extract in dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance rats
Authors: Franck Armel Kepta  , Fabrice Mba Medou  , Nyemb Nyunaï  , Theodora Kopa Kowa  , Aurelie Nguimmo-Metsadjio  , Esther Ngo Lemba Tom
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Schumanniophyton magnificum stem bark aqueous extract in dexamethasone-induced insulin-resistant male rats. Firstly, a phytochemical screening of the aqueous extract was carried out. Thereafter, using acute and subacute studies (11 days), the effect of the extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated on dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemic rats. Glycemia was measured before and after treatment in both studies. Histological examinations for isolated liver, kidneys, and pancreas were performed, body and the weight of some internal organs was determined. The biochemical assay in the blood samples was performed only for the subacute study. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the extract contains phenolic compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanins, saponins, gallic tannins, coumarins, and anthraquinones. In both studies, Schumanniophyton magnificum stem bark aqueous extract reduced the glucose blood Area under the Curve produced by dexamethasone injection. The extract, as well as glibenclamide significantly lowered the dexamethasone-induced increase in transaminases activities and uric acid concentration. Superoxide dismutase activity increased in all extract and glibenclamide groups compared to the dexamethasone group. The extract effect on the glutathione concentration was dose-dependent (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001 respectively). The histology of organs from rats treated with dexamethasone revealed hepatic cytolysis, leukocyte infiltration, and islet hypotrophy. The extract nd glibenclamide-treated groups had fewer or no anomalies observed with dexamethasone administration. Aqueous extract of S. magnificum stem bark protects against dexamethasone-induced pancreatic and hepatorenal abnormalities, probably due to the antioxidant properties of the chemical groups present in this extract.
Practices of waste management in health care facilities in Nepal's Biratnagar metropolitan city
Authors: Nawa Raj Subba
Published: December 2021

Biratnagar is a medical referral centre with tertiary health care in Eastern Nepal. The city population is 202,061, according to the 2011 census. There are 35 Health Care Facilities (HCFs) in the city as of 2014. There are 7 HCFs, 2 non-governmental HCFs, and 26 private HCFs. In 2014, the District Public Health Office Morang, the Biratnagar municipality, and the private sector collaborated to check Biratnagar's health care waste management. Investigators performed a semi-structured questionnaire and checklists while visiting health care sites. According to the survey results, 10% of HCFs use incinerators. 80% of HCFs separate their garbage, 60% use needle destroyer machines, and 50% use coloured dustbins to separate different sorts of medical waste. The bed occupancy rate is 78%. Every day, one sweeper looks for 6.66 beds. Even 10% of HCFs let their waste out in the open. HCFs do not have enough capacity for waste disposal facilities. Thus, HCFs pay the municipality Rs. 1500- 15000 a month to have the facility's waste removed. In the municipality tractor, they are hauling medical garbage and home rubbish. As a result, the city discharges health care waste with household waste in the Singhiaya River. These actions endanger public health. Biratnagar city generates 118 Kgs of hazardous health care waste daily, necessitating immediate treatment. Biratnagar Municipality should collaborate with partners to develop a short and long-term strategy.
Hubungan Prilaku Caring Perawat Dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Orang Tua Di Ruang Rawat Inap Anak
Authors: Roufuddin Roufuddin , Mannan Abd. , Kaonang Mahardika Putri , Widoyanti Virki
Published: December 2021

Perilaku caring merupakan suatu sikap yang dilakukan oleh perawat dimana terdapat interaksi antara perawat dan penerima layanan didasari oleh sikap tanggung jawab, saling mendukung dan menghargai. Perilaku caring yang dianggap penting untuk dilakukan perawat guna memberikan kepuasan, tidak hanya bagi pasien dan keluarga pasien tetapi juga bagi perawat.

Tingkat kepuasan orangtua merupakan Tingkat terpenuhinya kebutuhan dan keinginan yang sesuai atau melebihi harapan orangtua terhadap pemberian pelayanan keperawatan yang diberikan selama anak dirawat di ruang rawat inap anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku caring perwat dengan tingkat kepuasan orangtua di ruang rawat inap anak Puskesmas Blega Kabupaten Bangkalan.

Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan 37 responden. Hasil pengujian korelasi didapatkan nilai sig sebesar 0,000 dan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,592. Nilai tersebut < 0,05 sehingga hipotesis yang menyatakan terdapat hubungan yang cukup kuat antara perilaku caring perawat dan tingkat kepuasan orangtua diterima.

Hasil penelitian tersebut diharapkan perawat dapat  meningkatkan pelayanan keperawatannya terutama perilaku caring nya sehingga pasien dan keluarga pasien akan merasa lebih puas akan pelayanan yang diberikan oleh fasilitas kesehatan tersebut. Misalnya dengan melakukan pengembangan SDM seperti mengikuti pelatihan untuk mengembangkan softskill-nya.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Ketidakpatuhan Masyarakat Terhadap Protokol Kesehatan Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Suminar Ervi , Zahroh Zahroh
Published: December 2021

Covid-19 menjadi sebuah wabah penyakit sejak tahun 2019, dimana penanganan dan pencegahannya dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan 5 M dengan benar yaitu Memakai masker, Mencuci tangan pakaisabun dan air mengalir, Menjaga jarak, Menjauhi kerumunan serta Membatasi mobilitas dan interaksi. Implementasi protokol kesehatan tersebut tidak akan maksimal apabila tidak didukung oleh masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan ketidakpatuhan masyarakat terhadap protokol kesehatan pada masa pandemi covid-19.

Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat Dusun Toba Laok Bulukagung dengan jumlah sampel 123 responden, teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner secara online. Analisa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa analisis bivariat Rank Spearman.

Berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan Rank Spearman didapatkan bahwa terdapat lima faktor yang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan ketidakpatuhan masyarakat terhadap protokol kesehatan yaitu aspek psikologis (p 0,000), aspek sosial (p 0,000), dan persepsi terhadap pemerintah (p 0,000).
Genç Futbolcularda Sürat, Güç ve El Kavrama Kuvvet Değerleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: EGESOY Halit , ÇELİK Eylem
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı genç futbolcularda sürat, güç ve el kavrama kuvvet değerleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya bir profesyonel futbol takımının U-15 ve U-16 kategorilerinde futbol oynayan yaşları 15,54 ±0,51 yıl, boy uzunlukları 1,75±0,07 m, vücut ağırlıkları 63,40±7,68 kg, antrenman yaşları 6,46±1,50 yıl olan 37 erkek futbolcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Sporcuların önce vücut ağırlıkları ve boy uzunlukları ölçülmüş daha sonra sırasıyla 30m sürat, durarak uzun atlama, dikey sıçrama ve el kavrama kuvvet testleri uygulanmıştır. Tüm parametreler ortalama ve standart sapma değerleri ile ifade edilmiştir. Veriler normal dağılım göstermiş olup tüm parametreler arasındaki ilişki pearson korelasyon analizi ile test edilmiştir. Genç futbolcuların ortalama sprint değerleri 4.78±0.18 s, dikey sıçrama değerleri 35.70±3.34 cm, durarak uzun atlama değerleri 2.03 ±0.11 m, dominant el (sağ) kavrama kuvveti değeri 37.26±4.53 kg ve sol el kavrama kuvveti değeri 35.97±3.82 kg olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışma bulguları incelendiğinde, deneklerin nondominant el kavrama kuvveti ile 30m sürat ve durarak uzun atlama değerleri arasında p<0.05 düzeyinde bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca deneklerin dikey sıçrama değeri ile 10m-30m sürat ve durarak uzun atlama değerleri arasında p<0.01 düzeyinde anlamlı ilişkiler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Diğer değişkenler arasında ise herhangi anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak, sporcuların el kavrama kuvveti değerleriyle sürat ve dikey sıçrama değerleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişkisi bulunmamıştır. Sporcuların dominant el kavrama kuvveti değerinin dominant olmayan el değerine daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre sporcuların el kavrama kuvvetlerinin, sürat ve güç değerlerine olumlu katkı sağlamadığı söylenebilir.
Biomechanical comparison of the effects of the storage temperature on tibiotarsus in Japanese quail
Authors: SÜZER Bayram
Published: December 2021

The study aimed to compare the effects of different cryopreservation temperatures on mechanical properties and determine the optimal cryopreservation temperature for bones in Japanese quail. Bone biomechanical tests are getting more attention but, fresh bones are not always available for testing and have a limited lifespan. Cryopreservation of biological specimens is often needed during tissue preparation and mechanical testing. In the study, the tibiotarsi were collected from 8 weeks of age quail, and bones were divided into four groups of fresh bones; frozen at 0 ºC, frozen at -20 ºC, and frozen at -80 ºC. Frozen bones were kept in the freezer for three weeks. After three weeks, bones were subjected to a three-point bending test for biomechanical evaluation. There was no significant difference between the mechanical strength properties of fresh tibiotarsi and the tibiotarsi stored in three different storage conditions of 0ºC, -20 ºC, or -80 ºC. It was observed that cryopreservation of tibiotarsi at 0, -20, and -80 °C for up to three weeks did not negatively affect bone biomechanical properties in quail.
Sensitizing and control of colistin-resistant E. coli O157:H7 with bacteriophage application
Authors: ÇUFAOĞLU Gizem , AYAZ Naim Deniz
Published: December 2021

In these days that we are drifting into the post-antibiotic era, antibiotics called "last-resort" are begun to be used more frequently. Colistin is one of the last-resort antibiotics that act on Gram-negative bacteria. The aim of the study was to investigate antibiotic re-sensitization effect of lytic bacteriophages on colistin resistant E. coli O157:H7 in-vitro. In the study, four E. coli O157:H7 isolates (encoded 25KA, 44RA, 120RA and 168KA) were included. These isolates had different features such as harboring some of the mcr genes but not showing resistance to colistin, or demonstrating resistance to colistin without carrying any mcr genes. A lytic bacteriophage cocktail was prepared with three Myoviridae family member phages. In order to determine the effect of lytic bacteriophage application on the colistin resistance of E. coli O157:H7 strains before, during and after bacteriophage treatment, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the isolates were determined by broth microdilution method. The results were interpreted according to EUCAST. According to the results, up to 3.6 log cfu/ml reductions in colistin resistant E. coli O157:H7 were detected within 6h incubation at 23°C. Colistin and phage combination showed synergistic effect. While strains 25KA and 168KA became susceptible to colistin, 44GA and 120RA were totally eliminated. The survivors of the phage treatment were also become sensitive to colistin. Phage-resistant mutants of 25KA and 168KA showed susceptibility to colistin (1 µg/ml and 0.5 µg/ml, respectively). In addition, 44GA and 120GA remained susceptible. The findings of this study highlight that in addition to taking advantage of the lytic activity of phages in biocontrol area, phages also play a major role in re-sensitization to a last-resort antibiotic like colistin. The results show the synergy between phage–antibiotic combination treatment and give the promising idea that this approach has the potential to extend the effective lifetime of antibiotics.
Prognostic significance of PCNA, MMP-9 and p53 in bovine ocular squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: KARAKURT Emin , AYDIN Uğur , BEYTUT Enver , DAĞ Serpil , ERMUTLU Celal Şahin , AKSOY Özgür , NUHOĞLU Hilmi , YILDIZ Ayfer , KURTBAŞ Emre
Published: December 2021

In this study, we aimed to evaluate PCNA, MMP-9 and p53 expressions according to differentiation degree of BOSCCs by immunohistochemical methods. The material of this study was composed of BOSCC biopsy samples taken from 30 cattle brought to our department. Tissue samples from cattles were fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde solution, processed routinely, embedded in paraffin and sectioned at 5μm and stained with Hematoxylin & Eosine in order to detect histopathological changes. Sections were examined and photographed under a light microscope. Avidin-Biotin Peroxidase method was used as immunohistochemical method. We observed that the masses were nodular and cauliflower-like appearance. We found that the surfaces of the masses were highly hemorrhagic and ulcerative, sometimes covered with a purulent discharge. We defined cases with excessive and large numbers of keratin pearls, large tumoral islands, and evident squamous differentiation were defined as well-differentiated. In moderately-differentiated cases, we found that the number and size of keratin pearls decreased compared to well-differentiated cases. In addition, we observed that tumoral islets were smaller in these cases, similar to keratin pearls, and the number of poorly differentiated tumor cells increased. In poorly-differentiated cases, we determined that keratinization was either absent or formed in individual cells. As a result of statistical analysis, there was no statistically significant difference between good, moderate and poorly differentiated cases in terms of PCNA and MMP-9 expressions, but we found that the increase in p53 expression correlated with the degree of differentiation of the tumor. In conclusion, we think that p53 is a useful marker in determining the prognosis of BOSCCs.
MAIN STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE LATE CARBONIFEROUS FLORA AND VEGETATION IN THE DONETS BASIN AS THE BASIS OF JUSTIFICATION OF REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHIC UNITS AT THE PALAEOECOSYSTEM LEVEL
Authors: Boyarina Nataliya I.
Published: December 2021

Four stages of development of the late Carboniferous vegetation cover have been established that correspond to the time intervals of four regional subdivisions of the Donets Basin − the Toretsian and Kalynovian Regional Stages, the Luganskian and Vyskrivskian Horizons of the Myronivskian Regional Stage. The analysis of phytostratigraphic and paleophytocenological data showed that the stages of vegetation development are characterized by the dominant plant communities in rank of orders of widespread landscapes. Сhanges from one stage to another are considered as the paleophytocenotic events, which are expressed by the changes of dominant communities of certain landscape types. The levels of paleophytocenotic events coincid with the bases of regional subdivisions The bases of the Toretsian and Kalynovian correspond to the levels of paleophytocenotic events, which were manifested by the formation of new communities types as a result of the evolutionary renewal of composition of wetland calamitean-fern and fern-pteridosperm forests of coastal lowlands as well as lycopsid and calamitean-fern forests of deltaic plains. The base of the Myronivskian (Luganskian Horizon) corresponds to the level of the paleophytocenotic event that was expressed by, firstly, the appearance of new communities types of seasonally dry pteridosperm woodlands of river valleys as a result of the evolutionary renewal of their composition, secondly, the appearance of new communities types of wetland calamitean-fern woodlands of coastal lowlands and calamitean-fern and pteridosperm woodlands of deltaic plains, the formation of which were due to the reduction of species compositions and the changes of dominants. The lower boundary of the Vyskrivskian Horizon corresponds to the level of the paleophytocenotic event that was expressed by the appearance of new communities types of wetland calamitean-fern and fern-pteridosperm woodlands of coastal lowlands and seasonally dry fern-pteridosperm woodlands of lacustrine-lagoon plains, the formation of which were associated with plant migrations and the appearance of new dominants. The considered paleophytocenotic events are manifestations of phytocoenogenetic processes, which led to paleophytocenotic changes, and mark main palaeoecosystem transformations in view of vegetation development stages.
ON THE POSITION OF THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE MOSCOVIAN AND KASIMOVIAN GLOBAL STAGES OF THE CARBONIFEROUS IN THE DONETS BASIN
Authors: Nemyrovska Tamara I.
Published: December 2021

Detailed new data on paleontology and stratigraphy were obtained in the process of fulfilling the tasks of the International Carboniferous Subcommission on definition of the scopes of the Moscovian and Kasimovian global stages and the precise position of the boundary between them. The analysis of these data has shown that the position of this boundary in the type  area and in the other regions needs the revision. Recently the investigation of the conodonts from the Moscovian–Kasimovian boundary deposits in the Donets Basin revealed that the boundary between the Moscovian and Kasimovian stages in the official Ukrainian Carboniferous Stratigraphic Scheme does not correspond to this boundary in the type area of these stages in the  Moscow Basin. To correct this situation the lower boundary of the Kasimovian in the Ukrainian Scheme must be downgraded by two conodont zones — Swadelina subexcelsa and Sw. makhlinae. To update this boundary in the type area to fulfill the task of the Carboniferous Subcommission four conodont species were proposed as potential index-species for the definition of the boundary between the Moscovian and Kasimovian global stages. These conodont species are as follows Sw. subexcelsa,  Idiognathodus sagittalis, I. turbatus and I. heckeli. One of these species, which is selected, will be used as a marker of the  studied boundary. None of these species is officially selected as a marker. If Sw. subexcelsa will be selected, the position of  the Moscovian–Kasimovian boundary will remain at the present position. In this case this boundary in the Donets Basin has to be downgraded by two conodont zones. If one of three Idiognathodus will be selected, this boundary in the type area will be  
upgraded by one and a half regional substage. In the Donets Basin it will be upgraded by less than a cycle. Keywords: Carboniferous, stratigraphy, conodonts, extinction event, index-­species.
The Problem of Return of Ukrainian Prisoners from Tatar Captivity in the Times of Bohdan Khmelnytskyi
Authors: Vysotin Mykola
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to determine whether returning from the Tatar captivity was the significant factor of reducing of civilian casualties in Volyn as result of actions of the Crimean Khanate troops. Based on documentary materials and chronicles the author stands up the opinion that most of the jasyr removed by the Tatars to the Crimea was completely lost for the Ukrainian society.
Physoteraphy in Yevhen Hlyva’s Lifelong Fight for Ukraine
Authors: Boltivets Serhii
Published: December 2021

The article presents a biography, scholarly and social activities of a psychologist, psychotherapist and hypnotherapist Yevhen Hlyva. It examines the fundamental scientific achievements of theoretical and practical psychoterapeutic use of hypnosis, hypnotherapy, hypnosuggestion, self-hypnosis, hypnoanalysis and psychological analysis of H. Skovoroda’s works.
Albert Schweitzer’s Moral Imperative “Reverence for Life” in the Context of Challenge in COVID-19 Epoch
Authors: Gorbunov Svyatoslav Sergeevich
Published: December 2021

The paper aims to consider the possibility to apply the basic ideas of the moral imperative “reve¬rence for life” suggested by A. Schweitzer (1875-1965) in the context of ethical reflection on the struggle against the COVID-19 pandemic, which started in 2020 and has continued up until now. The scientific ori¬ginality of the research lies in the fact that it analyzes whether the measures obviously needed to prevent and fight the infection which caused the pandemic are consistent with Schweitzer’s idea of “endless” effort to keep and maintain every form of life which lies in the basis of moral relationship. The results show
that the modern biomedical practice which aims at fighting the COVID-19 pandemic does not conflict
with the moral imperative “reverence for life”, but on the contrary follows it.
Everyday Life of Soviet Doctors in Angola (1975-1989) (by the Material of Memoir Literature)
Authors: Grigorieva Svetlana Valeryevna
Published: December 2021

The paper aims to analyse the everyday life of Soviet doctors in Angola during the Civil War, using military memoirs. The paper is novel in that it studies the specific features of Soviet doctors’ life and functions in the setting of the traditional African society. As a result of the research, the author has been able to ascertain that the African reality - i.e. environmental conditions, peculiarities of local culture and rituals, the state of the Angolan health care system and medical services in the 1970s and 1980s, the generally indifferent attitude of local residents towards Soviet specialists - greatly complicated the work of Soviet doctors, expanded the range of their responsibilities, required the search for non-typical ways of addressing issues.
Academic Mobility in Scientific Social Networks (by the Materials of an Empirical Research)
Authors: Grimov Oleg Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2021

The study aims to examine the potential of scientific social networks as a tool for scientists’ academic mobility. Using the data of the author’s empirical research (survey of scientific social networks users, N=200), the paper sheds light on the most common communicative practices of scientific social networks users, their value attitudes and practical expectations in the field of scientific networking, analyses the social connections formed in scientific social networks, as well as the successful experience of scientists’ direct academic collaborations on the basis of scientific social networks. The study is novel in that it summarises from a socio-philosophical perspective the findings of the empirical research of user practices in scientific social networks. As a result, the author concludes that scientific social networks, despite their significant social and communicative potential, cannot fully serve as a tool for academic mobility and a means
for developing academic communities in particular.
Scholia on Aristophanes' Comedy “Peace” (Lines 605-606) and Other Ancient Sources on Phidias’ Death
Authors: Larionova Natalia Bogdanovna
Published: December 2021

The research objective is as follows: the paper tries to answer the question why scholiasts on Aristophanes' comedy “Peace” differ from other ancient authors in their description of Phidias’ death. The testimonies of Aristophanes (V century B.C.), Diodorus of Sicily (I century B.C.), Plutarch (I-II centuries A.D.) contradict the testimony of an anonymous scholiast who left his commentary on the margins and quoted the ancient historian Philochore (IV-III century B.C.). Aristophanes, Diodorus of Sicily and Plutarch associate Phidias' trial with Megarians’ removal from Athenian market, while the scholiast argues that these events are separated in time by seven years. The scholiast also argues that Phidias was murdered by Eleians, this assertion contradicts Plutarch’s opinion according to which Phidias died in Athenian prison. The article provides Russian translations of two scholia; Philochore’s original texts and scholiasts’ comments are highlighted. The researcher shows the fictional nature of scholia on Phidias’ murder in Eleia, which is not justified by historical sources. Scientific originality of the study involves clarifying the contradictions regarding the circumstances of Phidias’ death. As a result, it is shown that Philochore’s original text does not contradict the testimonies of Aristophanes, Diodorus of Sicily and Plutarch concerning the date and circumstances of Phidias' trial. This confusion occurred due to scholiasts who introduced their comments on the issue into Philochore’s text.
Terror as an Integral Component in the Theory and Practice of “Sendero Luminoso”. Factors of Senderist Ideology Radicalisation
Authors: Magomedov Robert Magomedovich
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the paper is to determine the causes and origins for the use of terrorist fighting methods in the activities of the Maoist left-wing radical organisation “Sendero Luminoso” (“The Shining Path”). In addition to elaborating upon matters and viewpoints related to the issue of the hardening of the organisation’s world outlook, the researcher reveals the significance of the intimidation tactics carried out by this left-wing radical group against state institutions and competitors within the political left. Scientific novelty lies in conducting a comprehensive analysis of studies by foreign authors interpreting the issue pertaining to the use of terrorist methods by Abimael Guzman’s organisation. As a result of the research, it has been found that the willingness to use violent ways of influencing the masses is an inherent feature of the whole Senderist philosophy, formed under the influence of external and internal conditions.
Charity as a Resource for Development and Mitigation of Social Divisions
Authors: Sigachev Maksim Igorevich , Bardin Andrei Leonidovich
Published: December 2021

The study aims to conceptualise the phenomenon of charity as a factor contributing to mitigation of social divisions in the context of current socio-political transformations. The researchers attempt to analyse the process of philanthropy institutionalisation both in the context of regional features peculiar to individual countries and in the frame of global social transformation processes of today’s world order. The study is novel in that it presents the authors’ four-part classification of charity types. The following four types of charity are distinguished: civic charity, corporate charity, state charity and church charity, specified by such concepts introduced into use as charity solidarism, charity corporatism, charity statism and charity clericalism. As a result, the researchers conclude that social “philanthropisation” reflects fundamental changes in the structure of contemporary society associated with the crisis of the social state and capitalism, which leads to an increase in social inequality and further social divisions.
Charlie Parker’s Creative Work as an Example of Innovation in Jazz
Authors: Fisher Angelica Nikolaevna
Published: December 2021

The paper analyzes Charlie Parker’s creative work in integrity of musical expressive and structural-compositional means and tries to identify to what extent and in what way was his authorial style innovative. The researcher justifies the thesis that Ch. Parker’s creative work contributed to aesthetic transformation of jazz and renovation of its musical language in the middle of the XX century, and herein lies scientific originality of the study. The research findings are as follows: the author reveals Ch. Parker’s contribution to the evolution of jazz from light music, an attribute of mass culture, to artified jazz.
Pre-Islamic Motives in the Interior of Umayyad Palaces Quseir Amra and Mshatta (661-750 A.D.)
Authors: Alshurman Ali Salem Hussein , Orlov Igor Ivanovich
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes interior decorative elements in Quseir Amra and Mshatta Palaces in Jordan in the aspect of interaction of regional historical and cultural traditions. The authors reveal the specificity of palace interior space in the context of ideological and artistic programs of a multicultural and multi-confessional region, and herein lies scientific originality of the study. The findings allow concluding that religious and cultural syncretism played a key role at the early stage of Muslim community development, which determined the uniqueness of Umayyad architecture. Multiculturalism and multi-confessionalism promoted artistic solutions based on a synthesis of recent and ancient artistic traditions.
Obstructions as a Form of Siberian Students’ Protest at the Turn of the XIX-XX Centuries
Authors: Ishchenko Oksana Vladimirovna
Published: December 2021

The paper analyzes obstructions as a form of Siberian students’ protest at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. The article describes the nature of obstructions, identifies their basic causes, reveals the peculiarities
of their implementation at different stages of Siberian students’ movement. Scientific originality of the study involves a comprehensive analysis of obstructions as a form of protest. The following conclusions are justified: obstructions were motivated by objective reasons, were most frequently used at the initial stage of Siberian students’ movement, but as the students became more organized, this form of protest gradually lost its importance.
“Coverage of Classical Sources on the History of Buddhism” (Tib. chos ‘byung lung rigs sgron me) by Khensur Agvan Nyima (1907-1990) as a Source for Studying Mongolian Monasteries
Authors: Khartaev Vladimir Vladislavovich
Published: December 2021

The study aims to determine the peculiarity of how the information on Mongolian monasteries is presented in the writings on the history of religion - chos byung texts. The paper describes a part of the work on Mongolian monasteries of Khalkha Mongolia from the treatise written by Khensur Agvan Nyima. Scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that texts on the history of religion do not provide sufficient insight into the history of monasteries. As a result, the researcher has identified three ways according to which Mongolian monasteries are described in Khensur Agvan Nyima’s work.
Poetics of Headline Complexes in Children’s Albums for the Piano
Authors: Shefova Elena Alexandrovna
Published: December 2021

he article examines the functioning of headline complexes in the structure of a musical composition. Scientific originality of the study is conditioned by the fact that for the first time in domestic musicology by the example of children’s albums for the piano, the researcher analyzes headline complex elements - author’s name, subtitle, epigraph, instructions for performers, remarks, dedication, comments, date, place, opus number, content, title page / cover page. As a result, it is shown that each element of a headline complex performs meaning-formative function.
Methodology for Describing Works of Decorative and Applied Art in Restorers’ Professional Training
Authors: Shchipina Rimma Vladimirovna
Published: December 2021

The research aims to reveal the methodological features of describing works of decorative and applied art in restorers’ professional training. The multicomponent nature of the research object determines the features peculiar to the methodology for describing works of decorative and applied art, which corresponds to the tasks of forming restorers’ professional competencies. Scientific novelty lies in identifying the specificity of an interdisciplinary approach to describing works of decorative and applied art in restoration documents, historical overviews of the object of restoration, as well as for the purposes of popularising movable objects of cultural heritage (historical and cultural monuments). The research findings are as follows: the scope of application of art studies methods in identifying the artistic and aesthetic significance of works of decorative and applied art in diagnostic examination used in scientific restoration has been outlined.
University Philosophy in the Context of the Philosophy of Science
Authors: Krysova Elena Vitalievna
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the research is to analyse university philosophy as a complex multidimensional phenomenon in the context of the philosophy of science. Novelty of the research lies in the understanding of university philosophy as a form of organisation of scientific activities and translation of scientific knowledge. As a result, the researcher has identified the place that university philosophy occupies in the system of philosophical science and substantiated its characteristics from the standpoint of the philosophy of science on the basis of the Western European and Russian scientific tradition.
Reinterpretation of Carolingian Renaissance in the Works of French Historiographers of the End of the XVI - the Beginning of the XVII Century
Authors: Kuleshova Elena Vladimirovna , Starostin Dmitrii Nikolaevich
Published: December 2021

The research objective involves justifying the thesis that Pierre Pithou’s (1539-1596) publications on early medieval history (records, chronicles, documents), in particular, on dethroning of Louis the Pious in 830, influenced considerably French érudites’ understanding of Carolingian Renaissance and its role in the history of French monarchy. Scientific originality of the study involves a comprehensive analysis of French historians’ works of the end of the XVI - the beginning of the XVII century through the prism of historical paradigm changes. As a result, it is proved that Carolingian monarchs were no longer perceived as a model of godly royal power, which resulted in reinterpretation of France’s role in medieval West European society.
Social Estate Nature of Punishments in the Russian Army before the First World War
Authors: Tuarmenskij Vladimir Viktorovich
Published: December 2021

The study aims to determine the nature of the practice of punishing the military personnel of the Russian army on the eve of the First World War based on the analysis of official statistical data and memoirs of contemporaries. The paper examines data on all military units of the Russian Empire. As a part of the study, a comparative analysis of the nature of crimes committed by the service members of the Russian army was carried out. The second part of the analysis of statistical material concerned the comparison of punishments reserved for generals, officers, class ranks and lower ranks on the eve of the First World War. Scientific novelty of the study lies in conducting a comprehensive analysis of military statistics on the practice of punishment in the Russian army on the eve of the First World War. As a result, the researcher has proved the assumption that the practice of punishment in the Russian army of the era was of social estate nature.
Role of Polyphony in Creative Work of Bishop Hilarion (Alfeyev)
Authors: Reneva Natalia Sergeevna
Published: December 2021

The research objectives are as follows: to reveal the role of polyphony in the creative work of Bishop Hilarion (Alfeyev), to identify the specificity of polyphonic forms functioning in his musical compositions. The article analyzes the types of polyphony, examines the functioning of polyphonic forms in Alfeyev’s musical works. Scientific originality of the study involves a comprehensive analysis of individual style of the modern Russian spiritual composer whose music is frequently performed but is not yet subjected to musicological analysis. The research findings are as follows: the author identifies the peculiarities of Alfeyev’s polyphonic thinking, describes polyphonic forms and techniques peculiar to his works and shows how they are determined by the specificity of spiritual music genre.
Liminal and Transitional Spaces in Mobile Practices
Authors: Kudriavtseva Valentina Ivanovna , Satybaldina Diana Kairatovna
Published: December 2021

The aim of the research is to analyse liminal and transitional spaces in the aspect of mobility. Using philosophers’ theoretical concepts and sociologists’ and anthropologists’ practical studies, the paper for-mulates the main approaches to the description of liminal and transitional spaces, provides insight into
the specificity of these spaces within the framework of the anthropology of mobility based on the polyfor-mism of an individual’s everyday mobile practices. Scientific novelty of the research lies in demarcating
the notions of “liminal space” and “transitory space” in the context of mobility. As a result of the research, the specificity of the spatial mode of liminality has been demonstrated, the differentiation between liminal spaces and transitional spaces in mobile practices has been made.
Russian Mission at the Persian Court during the Shah’s Campaign against Herat in 1837-1838
Authors: Maryutkin Vitaly Vyacheslavovich
Published: December 2021

The study aims to trace and clarify the role of the Russian diplomatic mission in Persia, headed from 1832 to 1838 by Count I. O. Simonich, in general and his personal role in particular in the 1837-1838 Herat crisis, including Ya. V. Vitkevich’s diplomatic tour of Afghanistan and his negotiations with the Afghan rulers in an attempt to regulate their relationship with the Persian Shah during the Siege of Herat. Scientific novelty of the study lies in adopting a somewhat new, i.e. more balanced view of the place and role of the Russian mission at the Qajar court, including its direct presence under the walls of besieged Herat and actual assistance to the Shah in his siege, taking into account sources newly introduced into scientific use. As a result, the researcher has refuted the point of view prevailing in historiography, primarily British, about I. O. Simonich’s mission actively inciting the Shah to operate against the Herat ruler Kamran-Mirza; has clarified its position regarding this issue as balanced and cautious, denying the need for the Persian Shah to conduct an immediate military operation against Herat in 1837.
Role of Virtual Communities in Language Conflict in Tatarstan
Authors: Makhmutov Zufar Alexandrovich
Published: December 2021

The paper aims to identify the role of virtual communities in the language conflict in Tatarstan caused by the cancellation of compulsory teaching of the Tatar language at schools in the republic. To reach this aim, the article analyzes two groups in the social network “VKontakte” which express opposite opinions: the community of opponents of compulsory teaching of the Tatar language at schools “For a single educational space in Russia” and the community of supporters of compulsory teaching of the Tatar language at schools “Татар ата-аналары / Tatar-speaking parents”. The timeline of the appearance of the communities, their aims, strategies for defending their interests have been revealed. The scientific originality of the research lies in the fact that it has studied the role of virtual communities in a language conflict for the first time. As a result, the functions of each group in this confrontation have been identified.
The Basic Tendencies of Violin Concerto Genre Evolution in the Creative Work of Chinese Composers of the 1940-1980s
Authors: Xin Xing
Published: December 2021

The paper aims to identify the specificity of Chinese composers’ interpretation of violin concerto genre in the 1940-1980s. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that Chinese violin concerto is for the first time analyzed in historical context. As a result, it is proved that Chinese composers adopted genre and style model of European and Russian violin concertos created at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries within the style trends of late Romanticism and neo-folklorism. The research findings are as follows: the author reveals national peculiarities of Chinese violin concerto of the 1940-1980s - collective authorship and ideological programmability.
Mongolian Pro-Images in Chinese Composers’ Clarinet Works of the 1950-1960s
Authors: Zhang Мини
Published: December 2021

Chinese composers’ clarinet works of the 1950-1960s contain a wide spectrum of traditional folklore images. The paper aims to reveal the interaction of Chinese-Mongolian folklore elements in the context of Western compositional norms. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that for the first time in domestic musicology “Mongolian” works of Xin Huguang and Wang Yan are analyzed through the prism of ethno-stylistic synthesis. The conducted research allows concluding that national musical material of monodic, modal nature is harmoniously combined with European polyphonic tradition and classical romantic tonality.
V. I. Zarubin and His Painting “Landscape with River and Fishermen” (1917) in the Collection of the Altai Krai State Fine Arts Museum
Authors: Shishin Mikhail Yurievich , Mushnikova Elena Anatolievna
Published: December 2021

The paper aims to reconstruct the biography and to analyze creative work of V. I. Zarubin, a little-known artist of the turn of the XIX-XX centuries, a graduate of the Russian Academy of Arts (A. I. Kuindzhi’s workshop), a brilliant painter, Academician of the Russian Academy of Arts. The researchers introduce into scientific circulation poorly investigated archival materials, including the unpublished ones, for the first time provide a comprehensive analysis of V. I. Zarubin’s large-scale painting “Landscape with River and Fishermen”, and herein lies scientific originality of the study. The article presents a survey of publications dedicated to V. I. Zarubin, provides a brief description of his works stored in regional museum collections. The research findings are as follows: the authors introduce into scientific circulation previously unpublished biographical materials, describe the basic stages of V. I. Zarubin’s creative work (in particular, the Petersburg period when he studied at the Russian Academy of Arts), identify the influence of A. I. Kuindzhi’s school on his formation as a painter, propose an approach to interpreting his most significant painting.
Small-Numbered Peoples of the North of Yakutia’s Arctic Regions in Urbanisation Processes of the Middle of the XX Century
Authors: Grigorev Stepan Alekseevich
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the research is to shed light on the demographic and urbanisation processes among small-numbered peoples that took place in the North of Yakutia in the 1930s-1950s. The paper considers the general situation that developed by the middle of the XX century, as well as the factors that influenced the formation of the ethnic landscape in the studied region. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that social transformations in the Arctic regions, as well as the role that local aboriginal ethnic groups played in the said processes during the specified period have not yet become a separate object of study. The research findings present the socio-demographic picture that has developed in the circumpolar regions of Yakutia at the initial stage of the large-scale industrial development of the Arctic.
Representation of the Cold War in Soviet Live-Action Films: Conjuncture and Historical Memory
Authors: Kolesnikova Alexandra Gennadevna
Published: December 2021

The paper aims to characterise mechanisms by which such a complex and prolonged confrontation as the Cold War is represented in Soviet live-action films of the 1950s-1980s. Scientific novelty is accounted for by the fact that on the one hand, the present-day events dictate the need to identify and interpret the mechanisms of representation of military conflicts that occur in the global community. On the other hand, research on the issue of historical memory in Russian historiography is selective, fragmentary and mainly touches on the topic of the Great Patriotic War, without addressing the matters of the emergence and functioning of the Cold War image. The paper identifies and examines the mechanisms of representation (ways and means) of the Cold War found in Soviet live-action “spy” films. In addition, the researcher briefly characterises the multifaceted image that was created with the help of artistic means of cinematic art; the paper also explores how the events of the Cold War are interpreted in films in a current (in the moment) and retrospective manner, involving historical memory mechanisms. As a result, the researcher has determined the Cold War image presented in live-action “spy” films, as well as the ways and means of its representation, some of which appeal to historical memory.
Historical Evolution of Decorative Patterns of the Oroqen People
Authors: Yan Tianbao
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study is to identify historical structures in the modern Oroqen ornament. Scientific novelty of the study lies in determining the structural stratifications of different epochs and the reasons for their appearance in the modern Oroqen decorative pattern. The result of the study amounts to formulating a hypothesis that the modern Oroqen ornament preserved elements of the ancient hunting culture of the minor ethnic group, was focused on reflecting peculiarities of the small-numbered people’s environment in its basis and was also impacted by the culture of neighbouring peoples. Today, the traditional Oroqen ornament is an element of the tourist culture of Northeast China, a bright detail in the decoration of ethnic clothing and crafts made of natural material.
Image of Man in Huang Ji’s Chamber Vocal Work
Authors: Wu Mi Na
Published: December 2021

The research is devoted to the study of Huang Ji’s chamber vocal work. The paper aims to reveal the functions of musical intonation in modelling the image of a man in the composer’s chamber vocal work. The scientific originality of the research consists in determining the functions of musical intonation in reflection of the world of a man in the composer’s vocal works. As a result, it has been concluded that the blending of the elements of European and national style is subordinated to the exploration of universal philosophical topics that bother the composer. The musical intonation performs symbolic and modelling functions in the process.
Cultural Heritage Sites and the Tuvans’ Ethnic Identity
Authors: Eremin Leonid Valentinovich , Chistanov Marat Nikolaevich
Published: December 2021

The paper aims to identify the impact of cultural landscape and historical and cultural heritage on the formation of the Tuvans’ ethnic identity. The article considers the main types of historical and natural sites which create a strong image of the motherland in the Tuvans’ mind: mounds, ovaa, khuree, sacred springs, etc. The scientific originality of the research consists in the complex analysis of the sources of the Tuvans’ ethnic identity formation. The results have shown that although the specific view of the world created by the cultural and natural landscapes lost some of its content in the second half of the 20th - early 21st century, it still serves as a basis for the Tuvans’ ethnic identity.