bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS INFLUENCING ACCESS TO CREDIT BY POULTRY FARMERS IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
Authors: ADEYONU A. G. , AJIBOYE B. O. , ISITOR S. U. , FASEYI S. A.
Published: December 2024

This paper examined the factors influencing access to credit by poultry farmers in Abuja using primary data. The factors that are found to be important in explaining access to credit include extension visits, distance to formal credit sources, hours of entrepreneurial training and commercial broiler production enterprise. Years of schooling, household size and broiler parent stock enterprise are the important factors influencing the amount of credit received. To enhance access to credit by poultry farmers in the study area, policies that will encourage the expansion of formal financial services to the rural areas and human capacity development should be strengthened.
ASPECTS OF SMALLHOLDER GOAT FARMING SYSTEMS IN RIVERS STATE (1): AVAILABILITY AND PREFERENCE FOR DOMESTIC WASTES
Authors: ETELA I. I. , NKWOCHA C. E. , INGWEYE J. N. , ONOJA A. O.
Published: December 2024

A diagnostic survey was conducted to elicit information on aspects of smallholder West African Dwarf (WAD) goat farming systems and domestic food crop wastes availability and preference in Rivers State. Structured questionnaires were administered to 21 smallholder goat farmers in seven communities selected from three Local Government Areas (LGAS) with 20, successfully, retrieved and data analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results indicate that, majority (55%) of the farmers were females, 70% above the youthful age of 40, 70% had primary or secondary education, and 35% take farming as a main occupation. Also, 85% had less than 12 heads of goats with only 10% managing their flock intensively while, 84% successfully integrated food crops and vegetables. Their major challenges were inadequate space (29%), theft (23%), feeding and nuisance (18%), and disease (12%). Cassava, yam and plantain peels were the most available and preferred domestic wastes while, cassava peel was the most preferred (56%) followed by plantain peel (17%). Cassava and plantain peels are recommended for further nutritional evaluation studies as supplemental feed resources for goats, especially, under smallholdings during the dry season.
LIFE AND NUTRITION OF COMMERCIAL EGG-TYPE CHICKENS
Authors: ALLINSON I. B.
Published: December 2024

As lucrative and enterprising as a poultry business can be, if adequate knowledge about the birds and proper managerial skills are lacking, it might end up as a disaster. Poultry production accounts for the major part of all meat produced in many developing countries and are of considerable significance to rural as well as national economies. Poultry birds have various nutrient requirement based on the objective for raising the birds, be it for egg production or meat production or both? This write up gives a brief history of egg type chickens, different breeds, their behavioral and production tendencies and an account of how they have become a source of financial income to the farmers who commercializes their production. The paper further explains the nutritional requirement of egg-type chickens and reasons for these requirements. Furthermore, the paper brings out the benefits of supplying the birds with their nutritional requirements as well as the danger in deficiencies of these requirements.
EVALUATION OF BROILER CHICKS FED BITTER LEAF (Vernonia amygdalina) AQUEOUS EXTRACT
Authors: Oleforuh-Okoleh V. U. , Olurunleke S. O. , Obi I. C.
Published: December 2024

A study on the effect of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) extract on the growth performance, carcass quality and economics of production of broiler chicks was evaluated using sixty (60) seven- day old Oba-Marshall broiler chicks, in a 54 days water infusion feeding trial. Four (4) water infusion levels Oml, 25ml, 50ml and 75ml of V. amygdalina per litre of (clean) drinking water designated as A, B, C and D respectively were used. Birds were randomly assigned to these infusion levels in completely randomized design (CRD) with each treatment replicated three times (5 birds per replicate) daily feed and water were offered ad libitum. Data were collected on feed intake and weekly body weight; these were used to calculate other growth parameters. The result shows that there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in weekly feed intake among the four treatment. Birds which were given bitter leaf aqueous extract had better final body weight, weekly weight gain and feed conversion ratio (p<0.05). Carcass weight and dressing percentage increased significantly (p<0.05) in response to treatment with bitter leaf aqueous extract. No variations (p>0.05) were observed in the abdominal fat. Although birds on treatment D gave the highest revenue, the best cost-benefit ratio was obtained from birds on treatment C. it was concluded that broiler birds can be given bitter leaf aqueous extract to improve performance and well as economic gains.
EFFECTS OF MALTED SORGHUM SPROUT WITH ENZYME SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS, RUMEN FLUID PARAMETERS AND MICROBIAL COUNTS OF WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS
Authors: AREEGBE A. O. , ONWUKA C. F. I. , AJAYI F. T. , ONI A. O. , FALOLA O. O. , OLADELE-BUKOLA M. O. , SAKA A. A.
Published: December 2024

A ninety days feeding trial was conducted to assess the effects of malted sorghum sprout with enzyme supplementation on performance, rumen parameters and microbial counts of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. Twelve WAD goats were used for the experiment, using Panicum maximum as the basal diet. The experiment had four treatments with three animals per treatment. The total body weight gain of the animals were significantly (P 0.05) higher than the control. Average daily feed intake was not significantly different (P 0.05) but increased as the level of malted sorghum sprout increases. Rumen parameters such as pH, lactic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid were also significantly (P 0.05) different across the treatment. The total bacteria counts, total fungi counts were also significantly (PEI0.05) different as the levels of malted sorghum sprout increases. The inclusion of malted sorghum sprout with enzyme supplementation (Roxazyme G2) improved performance characteristics, rumen parameters and microbial counts at 20% inclusion level of West African Dwarf goats.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PROCESSING METHODS OF RAW BAOBAB (Adansonia digitata) SEED MEAL ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS
Authors: SAULAWA L. A. , MUHAMMAD S. A. , TAMBURAWA M. I.
Published: December 2024

A 28-day feeding trial involving 360 four weeks old Anak broiler chicks was carried out to study the effects of different processing methods of raw baobab (Adansonia digitata) seed meal on productive performance of broiler chickens at finisher phase. The birds were grouped into six dietary treatments with 10% levels of inclusion of differently processed raw baobab seed meal (RBSM), in a completely randomized design. Feed and water were offered to birds ad libitum.. Result of productive performance shows significant differences (p<0.05) between treatments for all the parameters considered. Feed intake, final body weight improves with birds fed boiled baobab seed meal. 10% level of inclusion of BBSM gave better productive performance among the processing methods. This indicate that boiling can be a better method of processing raw baobab seeds to used in broiler finisher diet without negative effect on productive performance.
FOREST TREE SEEDS AS ALTERNATIVE FEED SOURCE FOR LIVESTOCK
Authors: Ogundun N. J. , Adeloye A. A. , Yousuf M. B. , Imram G. T.
Published: December 2024

An experiment was conducted to investigate the potential of forest tree seeds as alternative feed source for ruminant livestock. The experimental design was a 5x5 Latin Square Design. The treatments consisted of Parkia biglobosa, Anacardium occidentale, Tetracarpidhum conophorum and Jacaranda mimosfolia, respectively. Panicum maximum hay was used as a control. Fifteen West African Dwarf goats of 4-7 months of age were used in the digestion studies of the seed cakes. Results indicated that the seeds had high calorific value. Crude Protein content ranged between 37.4% - 24.4%. Results of the research showed that Jacaranda mimosfolia and Anacardium occidentale could be fed solely or in supplementary rations to goats. Further research should be done to investigate the use of these tree seeds in combination with other feeding stuffs in complete diets.
A SURVEY OF SEASONAL LIVESTOCK POPULATION OF ZANGE GRAZING RESERVE IN GOMBE STATE
Authors: Mohammed S. S. , Muhammad I. R. , Baba M.
Published: December 2024

The study was conducted to assess livestock population and herd structure of settlers in the Zange grazing reserve of Gombe state. Two hundred and two respondents were randomly selected and interviewed using structured questionnaire. The result shows that ruminants' livestock herd composition at Zange grazing reserve was dominated by cattle then followed by sheep and goats, respectively. In general, the herd structure was female dominated compared to male. The seasonal livestock population (Cattle, Sheep and Goats) from the months of July to December increased in July and reached its peak in September and then gradually declined. All species showed considerable similar trend. However, during the month of November and December goats had higher density compared to Sheep. The pastoralists prefer to sale small ruminant compared to dairy cows. Dairy cow are only sold when they become old. Males are raised either for breeding or sale for slaughtering. From the results obtained, it was concluded that the livestock population in the reserve increased from the months of July to September, and decreased in November to December. Goats had high density compared to sheep. It is recommended that the grazing reserve should be in stocked with a number of watering points and stoppage of encroachment onto grazing area by farmers.
RESPONSE OF COCKEREL CHICKENS TO OYSTER MUSHROOM (PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS) ADMINISTERED IN FEED
Authors: SOGUNLE O. M. , DAINI O. E. , LABINJO S. O. , ODUTAYO O. J. , SAFIYU K. K.
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the response of 120 cockerel chickens to varying dietary inclusion levels of oyster mushroom. The birds were randomly assigned to four treatments (0, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm) of varying levels of oyster mushroom in feed with each treatment consisting of 30 birds which was sub- divided into three replicates of 10 birds each for an experimental period of 8 weeks. Data obtained were subjected to Analysis of Variance in a Completely Randomized Designed. Results showed that oyster mushroom inclusion in cockerel chickens' diet significantly (P<0.05) influence feed intake of the birds. Comparable feed intake means (71.05, 71.11 and 69.64 g) were recorded at 500, 750 and 1000 ppm inclusion levels, respectively which were significantly (P<0.05) higher than 56.29 g recorded at 0 ppm. Also, all haematological and serum biochemistry parameters measured were significantly affected (P<0.05) by dietary inclusion of oyster mushroom. It was concluded that oyster mushroom inclusion up to 1000 ppm could be a substitute for antibiotics in cockerel chickens' production for optimum immune response without adversely affecting the growth performance of the birds.
HAEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES OF NIGERIAN INDIGENOUS DOGS AFTER 24 HOUR WATER DEPRIVATION AND RESTORATION
Authors: EHIMIYEIN A. M. , BALOGUN S. , MAISHANU D. D.
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 24 h water deprivation and restoration on haematology parameters of dogs in confinement. A total of 10 Nigerian Indigenous dogs weighing 5- 10 kg were used for the experiment. Blood samples were taken to evaluate complete blood count from the dogs after 24 h water deprivation and 24 h water restoration. The results obtained showed significant difference (P<0.05) in the hematological parameters (MCV, HCT, MCHC, Lymphocytes and Granulocytes counts) during dehydration. The higher erythrocyte parameters obtained during the deprivation showed that there was haemo-concentration which might lead to dehydration eventually over a long period of time. Water is essential in normal body function and metabolism, therefore it should be given to dogs without restriction.
REARING SYSTEMS AND SEX EFFECT ON CARCASS TRAITS OF FULANI ECOTYPE CHICKENS IN SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: OGUNSHOLA O. J. , ATANSUYI A. J. , OWOLABI O. T. , CHINEKE C. A.
Published: December 2024

The study was conducted at the Federal University of Technology Akure, Teaching and Research Farm to study the effect of sex and rearing system on carcass traits of 36 Fulani Ecotype chickens raised for 26 weeks in a 2x2 factorial experiment. The values for live weight, slaughtered weight, carcass weight, breast weight, shank weight, thigh weight and drumstick weight of each chicken were taken and recorded using an electronic scale. The effects of sex and rearing system on body weights and the cut parts were estimated from the least-squares procedures of SAS 2008 version 13. Where significant differences were observed, the differences among means were tested using Duncan's multiple Range procedures of the same statistical package. The result showed that live weight and various carcass traits of male Fulani Ecotype chickens were significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of the female Fulani Ecotype chickens in both systems of rearing. Some cut-parts like the drumstick weight, shank weight, carcass weight and breast weight of the deep-litter female Fulani Ecotype chickens were slightly greater than those of the caged female Fulani Ecotype chickens while the thigh weight of the caged female Fulani Ecotype chickens was slightly higher than those under deep litter system. This trend was observed in the carcass traits of the male Fulani Ecotype chickens in both rearing systems. The study concludes that rearing system affects the carcass quality and yield of the Fulani Ecotype chickens and therefore recommends that intense research on these birds and their growth performance characteristics under the two rearing systems for large scale meat production be carried out.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILER FINISHER BIRDS FED DIETS CONTAINING DIFFERENT FAT SOURCES
Authors: ANI A. O. , OGWUEGBU M. C. , OSITA C. O. , AKURU E. A. , EZEMAGU I. E.
Published: December 2024

A four-week study was conducted to determine the effect of four different fat sources on growth performance of broiler birds. One hundred and twenty day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into five groups of 24 birds each and assigned to five treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD). The dietary treatments consisted of 1% added fat from four different sources as follows: T1, diet containing no oil; T2 diet containing 1% palm oil; T3, diet containing 1% soybean oil; T4, diet containing 1% palm kernel oil and T5, diet containing 1% groundnut oil. Each treatment was replicated three times with 8 birds per replicate. The response parameters studied were daily feed intake and daily weight gain, while feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were calculated from weight gain and feed intake values. Results showed that dietary fat type affected significantly (P<0.05) body weight gain as well as feed efficiency in birds fed the palm kernel oil diet compared with those fed the other diets. It was concluded that addition of vegetable fat from palm kernel oil and groundnut oil in broiler diets enhanced the growth performance of birds.
SILAGE QUALITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF SAPONIN-INCLUDED UREA- AMMONIATED MAIZE STOVER BY GOAT
Authors: KENNETH-OBOSI O. , BABAYEMI O. J. , ADESANYA A. O.
Published: December 2024

Agricultural wastes are good opportunity for settling the problems of competition between humans and animals. Fortification with natural additives can help to improve their utilization. This study was conducted to evaluate silage quality and acceptability of maize stover treated with urea and saponin powder. Graded level of synthetic, Vernonia amygdalina saponin (0, 90, 135 and 180mg) and urea (3.6 and 7.2 g) dissolved in IL of water was mixed thoroughly with 1 Kg of chopped maize stover; ensiled for 14 days. The silage qualities, chemical composition and acceptability using Coefficient of Preference (COP) of silages by goat were determined. Data were analysed using descriptive analysis and analysis of variance at p=0.05 in a 2x4x3 factorial arrangement. The saponin type have interactive effect on dry matter (p=0.0058), crude protein (0.0134) and ash (0.0123) content of the silages. All the silages made shows characteristics of good silage. The crude protein (p=0.0366) content is also influenced by the interaction of the three factors; urea level, saponin type and saponin level. Also, 90, 135 and 180mg of Vernoniaamygdalina saponin-treated with 3.6g urea and synthetic saponin treated with 7.2 g urea included maize stover silages were acceptable having the CoP greater than unity.
EFFECT OF SALT AND LIME JUICE ON PROXIMATE COMPOSITION AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF SMOKED AFRICAN CATFISH (Clarias Gariepinus)
Authors: FAWOLE W. O. , IDOWU C. F. , EVINEMI T. O. , ABDULLAHI M. , OYEDELE O. J.
Published: December 2024

Fresh African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were subjected to different concentrations of table salt (sodium chloride) and lime juice and smoked in a smoking kiln before evaluation for proximate composition and organoleptic characteristics. The experimental treatments are the control, Og salt and Oml lime juice-T1, 50g salt-T2, 100ml lime juice-T3, 50g salt and 50ml lime juice-T4, 50g salt and 75ml lime juice-T5 as well as 50g salt and 100ml lime-T6. Fish of average weight 5kg were randomly assigned to each treatment and the control. The fish were soaked in the respective treatment solutions for 1 hour after which they were gutted, washed and smoked for 15hours in a smoking kiln. After smoking, the fish were stored in air- free netted sieves and placed on a shelf for 12 hours before they were packed in see through nylons. Samples were therefore subjected to proximate and sensory analysis. Results showed that crude protein of smoked Clarias gariepinus were better in lime juice (70.18±0.94), salt and lime juice combination treated samples(70.38±0.94,72.69±0.94, 72.93±0.94) and increased with increasing level of lime juice and salt combinations compared to the control (68.39±0.94) and the salt treated sample (67.08±0.94). The treatments containing salt and lime juice in varying combinations also reduced the moisture content especially in T5 and T6 (6.84±0.29, 6.78 ±0.29) respectively. There was no significant difference in the sensory assessment in terms of appearance, colour, taste, texture, aroma and general acceptability. These results indicated that using lime juice and salt combination may be useful in improving the nutritive value, shelf life and consumer acceptability of smoked Clarias gariepinus.
EFFECT OF CARBONIC ANHYDRASE POLYMORPHISMS ON PERFORMANCE TRAITS IN INDIGENOUS CHICKEN GENOTYPES IN NIGERIA
Authors: MUHAMMAD H. , NWAGU B. I. , ORUNMUYI M. , MUSA A. A. , OLUTUNMOGUN A. K. , JOHNS S. A.
Published: December 2024

The paper examined the possibility of performance differentiation and genetic characterization of indigenous chickens in Nigeria using carbonic anhydrase polymorphisms. F, offspring hatched from eggs produced by the pedigree mating of Normal feathered, Frizzle feathered and Naked Neck of Nigerian local cocks to their Normal feathered, Frizzle feathered and Naked Neck hens respectively were used. The birds were weighed on a weekly basis to collect data on body weight, breast girth and tibia length. At 20weeks, 5ml of blood was collected from the wing vein of each chicken for carbonic anhydrase electrophoresis, after which direct gene counting method was used to score the bands which separated based on the electrophoretic mobility into fast moving band (homozygous, AA gene), slow moving band (homozygous, BB gene) and mixture i.e. midway between fast and slow (heterozygotes, AB gene).Data obtained were subjected to general linear model procedure of statistical analysis system (SAS, 2002) and significant means were separated using tukey honestly significant difference of the same software. Gene and genotypic frequencies were calculated and tested for Mendelian inheritance ratio using chi-square. Carbonic anhydrase polymorphism was distinct into three forms viz; CAAA, CAAB and CABB. The birds were more of heterozygotes (CAAB) than either of the homozygotes (CAAA or CABB) for the three loci considered. This means more of the heterozygotes adapted and survived better than the homozygotes. There were low chi-square values for Frizzle (1.00), Normal (0.44), Naked Neck (3.39) and the entire population (2.94) which was in consistence with Hardy Weinberg's equilibrium. The differences observed were not consistent among the various biochemical genotypic categorization of carbonic anhydrase in terms of body weight (g), breast girth (cm) and tibia length (cm). In conclusion, carbonic anhydrase polymorphism does not suitably serve for body weight (g), breast girth (cm) and tibia length (cm) selection in indigenous chickens as other protein allozyme may serve.
DIFFERENTIAL EFFECT OF WEIGHT-CLASS AND SEX ON CORRELATION BETWEEN ZOOMETRIC TRAITS IN YOUNG JAPANESE QUAIL (Coturnix japonica)
Authors: TOYE A. A. , OJO V. , AJAYI A. O.
Published: December 2024

The present study examined whether early growth rate and sex perturb the direction of correlation between body weight and length of body parts of young Japanese quail aged 1-6 weeks. Sixty quail of mixed sexes were studied. Zoometric traits including Body weight at hatch, and Body weight, BW (g); Body length, BL (cm); Body girth, BG (cm); Wing length, WL (cm); and Shank length, SL. (cm) at age 16 weeks and their intervallic growth rates were determined. Birds were classified based on body weight growth potential in the period spanning age 0-3 weeks such that birds with a growth rate equal to or greater than I standard deviation point above the group mean were classified as "Heavy", birds with a growth rate equal to or lower than I standard deviation point below the group mean were classified as "Light", while with a growth rate between (above I standard deviation below the group mean and below I standard deviation above the group mean were classified as "Medium" weight. The sex of each bird was determined based on the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics between age 4 and 6 weeks. All zoometric trait data were subjected to Pearson's bivariate correlation analysis by use of SPSS 21 (IBM SPSS). Formal Logic arguments were used to interrogate the correlation matrixes to determine the number and percentage of instances in which there was concordance/discordance in the direction of correlation between trait pairs across Weight classes. The resulting data was subjected to Chi-squared analysis. The direction of correlation between traits was significantly (p<0.05) perturbed by sex, and weight class. There was a significant (p<0.05) bias towards concordance of the direction of correlation between weight classes and between sex classes than might be observed by chance, which points point to the operation of shared mechanisms underpinning correlation between traits across classes. Body weight class and Sex significantly (p<0.05) differentially perturbed the direction of correlation between weight classes. specifically, there was a greater tendency for concordance (in the direction of correlation) between sexes than between body weight classes. Generally, the significant (p<0.05) perturbation of the direction of correlation of body weight at each of age 16 weeks and other zoometric traits was similar in both sexes. These results reveal that the application of general notions of correlation between body weight and zoometric traits to a specific set of contexts such as sex or weight class subgroups during animal breeding or management processes is far from ideal and should be avoided as it should lead to unreliable predictions and accordingly, outcomes.
EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT PROCESSING ADDITIVES ON MICROBIAL LOADS AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PARTERN OF GIANT AFRICAN LAND SNAIL (ARCHACHATINA MARGINATA)
Authors: ADEWOLE A. M. , OLAJUBU F. A. , NATHANIEL O. G.
Published: December 2024

Fifteen samples of Archachatina marginata were collected from Melege village, Ose local Government area, Ondo State, Nigeria. The foot and head were analysed microbiologically for bacterial loads before and after processing with five cleansing additives: Lime, Alum, Vinegar, Salt and Ash. Lime proved most effective reagent for decontaminating snail meats, it had the highest reduction of microbial load after processing (57.1%). The mean microbial load on the head ranged between 9-22cfu/cm2 before and 4-12 cfu/cm2 after processing, while foot, ranged between 13-19 cfu/cm2 beforeand 8-14 cfu/cm2 after processing. Eight isolates belonging to nine genera including Micrococcus luteus [10 (21.31%)] most predominant, followed by Escherichia coli [8(13.11%)], and least was Enterobacterspp [4(6.56%)] respectively. The presence of higher numbers of pathogenic Klebsiellaspp and E.coli among others, encountered in A.marginata is alarming and indicates public health hazard, a warning signals for possible occurrence of food borne infection. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the bacterial isolates showed that all the bacteria isolated were susceptible to Gentamicin (GEN), only P. vulgaris and Bacillus spp are susceptible to Ceftazidime (CAZ) and Cloxacillin (CXC) respectively and all are resistant to Ampicillin (AMP).
POD YIELD ESTIMATION OF CAMEL'S FOOT Piliostigma reticulatum (Hochst) IN THE FALLOW AREAS OF KEBBI STATE
Authors: MUFTAU M. A. , MALAMI B. S. , MAIGANDI S. A. , GWANDU H. A.
Published: December 2024

The study was conducted to estimate the pods yield of Piliostigma reticulatum in the fallow areas of Kebbi State. Physical parameters of selected trees were measured in 50mx50m and the pods harvested at maturity, dried and weighted. All the parameters measured were significantly (P<0.05) different among the areas. The highest plant height and crown diameter were recorded in Dalijan (6.02m) and Andrail (5.94m) areas, while the lowest plant height and crown were recorded in Shiko areas with 3.41m and 4.32m respectively. The highest and the least pod weights were recorded in Giron Masa (4.01kg) and Dalijan (1.16kg) areas. The result of regression analysis reveals a positive correlation between the pod weights, crown diameter and the plant heights.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ADMISSÃO TEMPORÁRIA COM SUSPENSÃO TOTAL DO PAGAMENTO DE TRIBUTOS EM EVENTOS ESPORTIVOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Macedo Vinicius Duarte de , Rios Marina Gomes , Abrão Junior Ali Antonio
Published: December 2024

O estudo estabelecido analisa o regime aduaneiro especial de admissão temporária e sua importância nas operações de importações para implementação de eventos esportivos sediados no Brasil. De acordo com a legislação aduaneira brasileira aplicável, o regime aduaneiro especial de admissão temporária permite a importação de bens com suspensão total de impostos durante a realização de eventos esportivos em território nacional, este incentivo fortalece a imagem brasileira no cenário esportivo internacional e promove o desenvolvimento econômico, cultural e turístico.  A abordagem adotada durante a pesquisa possibilita a análise da influência dos eventos realizados, destacando-se a Copa do Mundo de 2014 e as Olimpíadas de 2016 que representaram marcos significativos para alavancar o desempenho do esporte e economia brasileira, evidenciando as práticas e aplicação do regime aduaneiro especial escolhido para a devida pesquisa nos eventos esportivos.
AVALIAÇÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Marcos Roseli , Coutinho Diógenes José Gusmão
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo aborda a avaliação na Educação Infantil, destacando a importância desse processo para o desenvolvimento integral das crianças, conforme preconizado pela Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB) e pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação Infantil (DCNEIs). No contexto educacional brasileiro, a avaliação é frequentemente mal interpretada, sendo vista como uma ferramenta classificatória, enquanto deveria ser compreendida como um meio de acompanhar e promover o aprendizado. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir os instrumentos de avaliação utilizados na Educação Infantil, enfatizando sua relevância para o acompanhamento do progresso das crianças e a promoção de uma comunicação eficaz entre educadores e famílias. A metodologia adotada é de natureza qualitativa, baseada em uma revisão da literatura especializada na área da Educação Infantil. Foram analisados artigos acadêmicos e documentos oficiais que embasam as práticas avaliativas recomendadas, permitindo uma reflexão crítica sobre os métodos utilizados. Os resultados indicam que os principais instrumentos de avaliação incluem registros narrativos, portfólios, relatórios descritivos, entrevistas e reuniões com as famílias, além do uso de fotografias e vídeos e atividades de autoavaliação. Essas ferramentas não apenas auxiliam os educadores na compreensão do desenvolvimento das crianças, mas também fortalecem a parceria entre a escola e as famílias, promovendo um ambiente de aprendizado mais colaborativo. As considerações finais reforçam a necessidade de uma abordagem avaliativa que valorize a individualidade de cada criança e o contexto em que se insere. Uma avaliação bem estruturada não apenas informa sobre o progresso do aluno, mas também orienta as práticas pedagógicas, garantindo que a Educação Infantil seja um espaço de aprendizado significativo, onde cada criança possa se desenvolver plenamente. Dessa forma, a avaliação se torna um instrumento vital para a formação de cidadãos críticos e autônomos.
DIPLOMACIA AMBIENTAL E O COMBATE AO TRÁFICO INTERNACIONAL DE ANIMAIS SILVESTRES
Authors: Moretton Lucas Luigi Moreira , Maciel Giovanna Mendes , Abrão Junior Ali Antônio
Published: December 2024

Esse artigo buscou discutir a relevância da cooperação global no combate ao tráfico internacional de animais silvestres da fauna brasileira através de estratégias adotadas pela diplomacia ambiental, que facilita a colaboração entre os governos, organizações não governamentais, a própria comunidade e outras partes interessadas. Por meio de estudos comparativos de legislações e práticas nacionais e internacionais, apuração de documentos jornalísticos e análise de dados de apreensões dos animais, este artigo avalia as interações das organizações supracitadas junto a políticas ambientais, leis, conscientização socioambiental e o cooperativismo como ferramentas para resolução do desafio, com o objetivo de proteger a fauna brasileira diante de uma das maiores ameaças à biodiversidade, causadora de danos ecológicos irreversíveis. A abordagem colaborativa e integrada é fundamental para enfrentar a complexidade do tráfico de animais e garantir a sobrevivência das espécies em extinção para as gerações futuras.
TRATAMENTO MINIMAMENTE INVASIVO EM DENTES COM FLUOROSE
Authors: Costa Bruno Benedito de Carvalho , Campos Paulo Victor de Costa , Leonel Augusto César Leal da Silva
Published: December 2024

A fluorose dental é uma condição que ocorre devido à ingestão excessiva de flúor durante o período de formação dos dentes, resultando em alterações na mineralização do esmalte dental. Essas alterações podem se manifestar como manchas brancas, marrom-claras ou até mesmo fissuras, comprometendo não apenas a estética, mas também a saúde bucal do paciente. As abordagens minimamente invasivas têm ganhado destaque na odontologia moderna, pois permitem o tratamento eficaz da fluorose com menos dano à estrutura dental. Entre as principais técnicas empregadas, a microabrasão é uma opção que consiste na remoção superficial do esmalte comprometido, melhorando a estética dos dentes sem a necessidade de restaurações extensivas. O uso de resinas compostas também se mostra eficaz; essas resinas podem ser aplicadas para cobrir as manchas e restaurar a cor original dos dentes, proporcionando resultados estéticos satisfatórios. Outra alternativa é o clareamento dental, que pode ser utilizado em casos leves a moderados de fluorose. Este método é capaz de uniformizar a cor dos dentes, reduzindo a visibilidade das manchas. Além disso, o uso de selantes é recomendado como uma medida preventiva, ajudando a proteger a superfície dental e a evitar a progressão de lesões cariosas em dentes com esmalte comprometido. A aplicação de flúor em concentrações controladas também é uma estratégia importante, pois fortalece o esmalte dental e pode ajudar a minimizar o risco de hipoplasia em dentes afetados pela fluorose. A combinação dessas abordagens minimamente invasivas têm demonstrado resultados satisfatórios em diversos estudos, permitindo uma melhora significativa na estética dental, mantendo a integridade estrutural e funcional dos dentes. A metodologia deste trabalho consiste numa revisão bibliográfica, mediante embasamentos teóricos de artigos escritos na língua inglesa e portuguesa, pelo qual, foram selecionados nos bancos de dados online Bireme, Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo, Portal Regional BVS e Google Acadêmico. Concluindo, pode-se dizer que o tratamento minimamente invasivo da fluorose dental se apresenta como uma alternativa eficaz e segura, proporcionando uma solução estética e funcional para pacientes afetados, ao mesmo tempo em que respeita a saúde dental e o bem-estar geral.
ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO NA DETECÇÃO PRECOCE DA HIPERTENSÃO GESTACIONAL E PRÉ-ECLÂMPSIA
Authors: Santos Melissa Almeida dos , Lopes Juliana Menezes
Published: December 2024

A Hipertensão gestacional, tem a condição que se caracteriza por pressão arterial elevada que surge após a vigésima semana da gestação e geralmente desaparece até dez dias após o parto. O presente estudo tem como objetivo discutir a Hipertensão na gestação, com o intuito de investigar as complicações decorrentes desta doença as mães e ao feto. A metodologia desse estudo caracteriza se pela natureza descritiva de revisão Bibliográfica. As pesquisas foram realizadas a partir das bases de dados LILACS, PUBMED, SCIELO, Biblioteca virtual em Saúde (BVS). Desta forma, sendo fundamental realizar um estudo detalhado dos métodos de intervenção para assegurar um diagnóstico precoce e um tratamento eficaz. A monitorização regular da pressão arterial e a avaliação de sintomas como inchaço e proteinúria são essenciais. A implementação de rastreamento e a educação das gestantes sobre os sinais de alerta podem facilitar o diagnóstico mais rápido. Assim, um cuidado obstétrico abrangente e a colaboração multidisciplinar são fundamentais para a efetividade da prevenção e manejo dessas condições. Concluí se que é necessário que o profissional da enfermagem tenha amplo conhecimento dos distúrbios hipertensivos específicos da gestação, onde é fundamental para a redução da morbidade e mortalidades materna e fetal.
Performance evaluation of an online monitor based on X-ray fluorescence for detecting elemental concentrations in ambient particulate matter
Authors: Trebs Ivonne , Lett Céline , Krein Andreas , Matsumoto Kawaguchi Erika , Junk Jürgen
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Knowledge of the chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) is essential for understanding its source distribution, identifying potential health impacts of toxic elements, and developing efficient air pollution abatement strategies. Traditional methods for analysing PM composition, such as collection on filter substrates and subsequent offline analysis with, for example, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), are time-consuming and prone to measurement errors due to multiple preparation steps. Emerging near-real-time techniques based on non-destructive energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) offer advantages for continuous monitoring and source apportionment. This study characterizes the Horiba PX-375 EDXRF monitor by applying a straightforward performance evaluation including (a) limit of detection (LoD), (b) identification and quantification of uncertainty sources, and (c) investigation and comparison of measurement results from three contrasting sites in Luxembourg (urban, semi-urban, rural). We used multi-element reference materials (ME-RMs) from UC Davis for calibration and performed measurements during spring and summer 2023. The LoDs for toxic elements like Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb were below 3 ng m−3 at 1 h time resolution. Higher LoDs were observed for lighter elements (e.g. Al, Si, S, K, Ca). Expanded uncertainties ranged between 5 % and 25 % for elemental concentrations above 20 ng m−3 and were maximal for concentrations below 10 ng m−3, reaching 60 %–85 %. Elemental analysis revealed S and mineral elements (Fe, Si, Ca, Al) as dominant contributors to PM10. Although the PM mass contribution of toxic trace elements (e.g. Zn, Cu, As) was generally very low, they were found to be enriched at the urban site Belvaux and the semi-urban site Remich compared to the more rural site Vianden. Our results explained on average 51 %–74 % of the gravimetric PM10 mass at the three sites. The study highlights the suitability and importance of the continuous PX-375 particle monitor for future air quality monitoring and source apportionment studies, particularly under changing emission scenarios and air pollution abatement strategies.
Estimation of duration and its changes in Lagrangian observations relying on ice floes in the Arctic Ocean utilizing sea ice motion product
Authors: Zhang Fanyi , Lei Ruibo , Qu Meng , Li Na , Chen Ying , Pang Xiaoping
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Since the 1890s, buoy- and camp-based Lagrangian observations relying on ice floes, have been pivotal for data acquisition during winter in the central Arctic Ocean due to the inaccessibility of most research vessels. Evaluating the observation duration and its changes associated with changes in Arctic climate system, is crucial for the planning of ice camp/buoy deployment. Using remote sensing sea ice motion product, we reconstructed sea ice drift trajectories for each year in 1979–2020 and identified ideal deployment areas of ice camp/buoy in the central Arctic Ocean. The results show that, based on the setup time of October 1, the areas centered at 82° N and 160° E near the north of East Siberian and Laptev seas, with a size of 7.6×105 km2, could ensure Lagrangian observations for at least 9 months with the drifting maintaining in the ice zone and not entering the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of Arctic coastal countries, with the probability of 76.2 %–92.9 % during 42 years. The potential deployment areas favored ice advection to the Transpolar Drift (TPD) region relative to the Beaufort Gyre (BG) region. Ice trajectory endpoints did not reveal an obvious long-term tendency, but were regulated by large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns, especially the atmospheric patterns in the early drifting stage of autumn (OND). In particular, the autumn east-west surface air pressure gradient across the central Arctic and the Arctic Dipole Anomaly indices significantly influenced endpoints of ice trajectories after 9 months and can expand ideal Lagrangian observation areas under scenarios with their extreme positive phases. The increasing rate of near-surface air temperatures from autumn to spring along the trajectories was more pronounced in the TPD region than that in the BG region. The sea ice response to wind stress significantly intensified in recent Lagrangian observations, suggesting stronger dynamic processes as the sea ice thinning. Geopolitical boundaries of EEZs have a significant impact on the sustainability of the Lagrangian observations, making it rarely exceed 10 months. Without this restriction, the potential Lagrangian observations in the BG and TPD regions would expand southward.
A new parameterisation for homogeneous ice nucleation driven by highly variable dynamical forcings
Authors: Kosareva Alena , Dolaptchiev Stamen , Spichtinger Peter , Achatz Ulrich
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The present work aims to extend the parameterisation of homogeneous ice nucleation introduced in Dolaptchiev et al. (2023) by incorporating variable ice mean mass and generalizing the approach under different conditions. The proposed method involves introducing an empirically derived correction based on a large data set of parcel model simulations. The method is validated against ensemble simulations using double-moment ice microphysics, showing a mean deviation of less than 16 % from the reference solution, with robust performance across a range of conditions. The uncertainty of the extended parameterisation is evaluated for the increasing integration time steps. The method remains computationally efficient and produces sufficiently accurate results, even with larger time steps, making it suitable for integration into numerical weather prediction models. It is shown that the generalized approach not only provides a good representation of individual nucleation events but also effectively captures the statistics across the ensemble data. The prediction of ice mixing ratio is also assessed against the reference full double-moment system results. Despite a significant error in the initial prediction, it is demonstrated that the integration of the system over several time steps equilibrates the inconsistencies. This refined parameterisation offers a more accurate prediction of ice number concentration and ice mixing ratio and is not limited to gravity wave induced perturbations and can be supplemented by other relevant dynamical effects, such as turbulence.
Conceptualising Student Engagement in Higher Education
Authors: Picton Catherine , Baik Chi
Published: December 2024

This special issue of Student Success celebrates the work of Professor Ella Kahu and her substantial contribution to the advancement of our collective understanding of student engagement. In June 2024 Professors Karen Nelson and Chi Baik, and Dr Cat Picton sat down with Ella for a reflective conversation about her work, and additional insights in her theorising and research on student experience and engagement. In this special issue, we present the interview transcript in three parts and showcase Ella’s key publications.
Understanding student engagement has become essential for retention and success in higher education. This first part of the issue brings together three influential articles that have contributed to advancing our conceptualisation of student engagement. The first article, Framing Student Engagement in Higher Education (Kahu, 2013), offers a foundational review of prevailing perspectives on student engagement and proposing a comprehensive framework to address existing definitional and conceptual gaps. Building on this foundation, the second article by Ella and Karen Nelson, Student Engagement in the Educational Interface: Understanding the Mechanisms of Student Success (Kahu & Nelson, 2018) introduces the “educational interface”—a metaphor for the space where student and institutional factors interact, affecting engagement. This article refines our understanding of engagement by identifying key psychosocial constructs that mediate this interaction. The third article, Pathways to Engagement: A Longitudinal Study of the First-Year Student Experience in the Educational Interface, a collaborative study by Ella Kahu, Karen Nelson, and Catherine Picton, (Kahu et al., 2020) employs longitudinal research to trace the first-year student experience within this educational interface, providing empirical support for the framework and underscoring the importance of self-efficacy, belonging, emotions, and wellbeing in the engagement process. Together, these articles deepen our understanding of the theoretical and practical aspects of student engagement, providing educators and policymakers with insights to shape more effective engagement strategies.
 
Journal articles:
Kahu, E. R. (2013). Framing student engagement in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 38(5), 758-773. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2011.598505
Kahu, E. R., & Nelson, K. (2018) Student engagement in the educational interface: Understanding the mechanisms of student success. Higher Education Research & Development, 37(1), 58-71. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2017.1344197
Kahu, E. R., & Picton, C., & Nelson, K. (2020). Pathways to engagement: A longitudinal study of the first-year student experience in the educational interface. Higher Education, 79(4), 657-673. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-019-00429-w
Introduction to the Student Engagement Framework
Authors: Kahu Ella
Published: December 2024

Dr Ella Kahu - Introduction to the Student Engagement Framework (2019 First Year Experience Learning and Teaching Forum, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia) 4 minutes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jsjWe7Y-LNU&list=PLToovjcL4Qb13sA-otoKgRCujXgzFQnf1
Working with First-Year Students
Authors: Kahu Ella
Published: December 2024

Dr Ella Kahu – Working with First-Year Students (2019 First Year Experience Learning and Teaching Forum, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia) 3.30 minutes.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNf9U52CPTM&list=PLToovjcL4Qb13sA-otoKgRCujXgzFQnf1&index=4
The Importance of Whanaungatanga
Authors: Kahu Ella
Published: December 2024

Dr Ella Kahu - The Importance of Whanaungatanga: Building Relationships with First-Year Online Students (STARS Conference [online] 2021) 12.20 minutes.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5VPzQ-LSyWo&list=PLToovjcL4Qb13sA-otoKgRCujXgzFQnf1&index=9
Evaluation of Acceptance of Hospital Information Management System Among Nurses Through Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Kayserili Aydan , Sançar Behire
Published: December 2024

Hospital Information Management System (HIMS) has widely been used by healthcare professionals, especially nurses working in hospitals. The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors affecting the adoption of HIMS. The external factors included in this conceptual model were taken from the Information System Success Model (ISSM) and incorporated into updated Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). A total of 401 nurses from public and private hospitals in Türkiye participated in this cross-sectional study. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 25software package was used for data analysis. In this study, descriptive statistics, correlation and path analysis and structure equation modeling using AMOS were used. Among all the external factors included in this study model, only system quality was found to have a positive and significant effect on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Service quality has a positive and significant effect only on perceived usefulness, while information quality does not have any positive and significant effect on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have a positive and significant effect on usage intention. Perceived ease of use has a positive and significant effect on perceived usefulness. This research model helped identify the factors that influence hospital information management system acceptance among nurses and how these factors can be improved to influence users' intention to use in the future. In conclusion, there is always room for improvement regarding HIMS to improve patient care.