bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effective identification of dominant fully absorbing sets for Raptor‐like LDPC codes
Authors: Cho Woncheol , Yoon Chanho , Chang Kapseok , Ko Young‐Jo
Published: May 2022

The error‐rate floor of low‐density parity‐check (LDPC) codes is attributed to the trapping sets of their Tanner graphs. Among them, fully absorbing sets dominantly affect the error‐rate performance, especially for short blocklengths. Efficient methods to identify the dominant trapping sets of LDPC codes were thoroughly researched as exhaustively searching them is NP‐hard. However, the existing methods are ineffective for Raptor‐like LDPC codes, which have many types of trapping sets. An effective method to identify dominant fully absorbing sets of Raptor‐like LDPC codes is proposed. The search space of the proposed algorithm is optimized into the Tanner subgraphs of the codes to afford time‐efficiency and search‐effectiveness. For 5G New Radio (NR) base graph (BG) 2 LDPC codes for short blocklengths, the proposed algorithm finds more dominant fully absorbing sets within one seventh of the computation time of the existing search algorithm, and its search‐effectiveness is verified using importance sampling. The proposed method is also applied to 5G NR BG1 LDPC code and Advanced Television Systems Committee 3.0 type A LDPC code for large blocklengths.
Transdermal drug delivery system: a comprehensive review
Authors: Rajput Vaishali , Kumar Kapil , Ikram Ikram , Sen Amit Kumar , Teotia Deepak
Published: May 2022

In current scenario about  74% drugs are taken orally and are found not to be as desired. Transdermal drug distribution system used to make such characters more efficient. Drug distribution through the skin is known as normally transdermal to check the systemic effect of the drug. Drug distribution and traditional magazine is different from drug distribution. TDDS is in the  from of hoofs. Adhesive of transdermal drug distribution system are important for  safety , efficacy, and product quality.  Occasional praise of the therapeutic agent gives a lot of benefits and drug distribution over traditional oral and intramuscular drugs. Many of the important benefits of transdermal drug distribution are the extent of metabolism near the liver. Increased in bioavailability of stable plasma fixation of drug. provides  or overview of article types Transdermal patch preparation and physicochemical methods are evaluate.
Bacillus velezensis LG37 absorbs and utilizes ammonia nitrogen from aquaculture water and enhances the toxicity tolerance of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) to ammonia (non-ionic ammonium)
Authors: Liu Guangxin , Zhao Lijuan , Guo Zhixun , Lin Li
Published: May 2022

High concentrations of ammonia nitrogen lead to multi-organ damage, decreased immunity, and metabolic disorders in aquaculture animals, which cause disease outbreaks. This study mainly screened probiotic strains for good control of the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and identified strain LG37 as Bacillus velezensis according to its morphological, 16S rDNA, phylogenetic, and genomic data analysis. This LG37 strain achieved efficiently purifies aquaculture water and enhances the toxicity tolerance of grass carp to ammonia. The experimental on growth characteristics showed that LG37 exhibited a satisfactory growth trend with 10 types of sugar, 17 types of amino acids, and 6 types of organic nitrogen as the carbon or nitrogen source. Under the conditions of initial dissolved oxygen at 6±1 mg/L, the temperature at 27±2°C, and pH 7±0.3. Through wastewater treatment equipment, which degraded ammonia nitrogen and the feed protein in grass carp culture wastewater reached up to 55.5% and 73.6% within one week, respectively. Moreover, in the acute toxicity test, when feed without LG37 was fed to grass carp, the safe concentration of ammonia nitrogen (non-ionic ammonium) was 3.37 mg/L (0.2 mg/L). When feed with LG37 was fed to grass carp, the safe concentration of ammonia nitrogen (non-ionic ammonium) was 5.11 mg/L (0.31 mg/L). Compared to feed without LG37, the feed with LG37 increased the toxicity tolerance of grass carp to ammonia nitrogen (non-ionic ammonium) by 51.63% (55%).
MÉTODOS DE CUSTEIO E LUCRATIVIDADE DE LAVOURAS DE CAFÉ CONILON NA REGIÃO DE SOORETAMA-ES
Authors: Salvador Gabriela Dadalto , Bertholini Pianca Osmar José
Published: May 2022

O objetivo do artigo é analisar os métodos de custeio e a lucratividade em lavouras de café conilon da região de Sooretama /ES. O estudo utilizou-se de quatro propriedades e produtores diferentes. Foi feita a separação entre o custo e despesa, cálculos dos métodos de custeio absorção, variável e baseado em atividade, e os índices de lucratividade de cada lavoura. Os resultados dos índices de lucratividade obtiveram uma média de lucro de 57,87%, mostrando que todas as lavouras analisadas tiveram ganho no período em análise. Quanto aos métodos de custeio, o custeio variável apresentou-se como o mais relevante na tomada de decisão dos produtores, pois 76,11% dos custos do produto se referem ao custo variável. Assim, identifica-se que a pesquisa é importante para a tomada de decisão dos produtores de café da região e adjacências, tanto em relação a lucratividade quanto aos custos aplicados no produto a fim de garantir a continuidade ou não do plantio.
APLICAÇÃO DO MÉTODO ABC PARA MENSURAÇÃO DOS CUSTOS DE PRODUÇÃO EM UMA INDÚSTRIA DE ALIMENTOS
Authors: Ferreira Andressa Samara de , Alexandre Leite Maria Silene
Published: May 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é mensurar os custos de produção em uma fábrica de Alimentos na linha de produção destinada aos salgados de festa promocional de quatro sabores. Para tal, utiliza-se o método de custeio ABC para apurar e calcular os custos e as despesas. O estudo caracterizou-se como um estudo descritivo e explicativo. As fontes de dados foram documentos oficiais da empresa, tais como: receitas, registros de produção e planilha de controle de custo. Foram aplicados procedimentos bibliográficos e uma abordagem qualitativa das informações. Além disso, para a coleta de dados foram elaborados três formulários, um para levantamento dos equipamentos, outro para mapeamento das atividades e mensuração dos tempos dos processos e, por último, um para aplicação da Matriz GUT. Foram realizadas seis visitas à empresa, nas quais foram entrevistadas as pessoas responsáveis pelos setores, a gestora de produção e os auxiliares de produção que trabalhavam na linha produtiva e realizadas as coletas de informações. Como resultados pode-se destacar que o cento (100) de salgados com quatro sabores apresentou um custo de fabricação de R$10,79. Os custos indiretos de fabricação e mão de obra, não inclusos pela empresa, foram responsáveis por duplicar o valor gasto para fabricação. A matriz GUT evidenciou seis impossibilidades diretamente ligadas com o processo e sua eficiência, permitindo perceber que a gestão dos custos é uma ferramenta fundamental para gerenciar uma organização.
Pencegahan Penyebaran Virus African Swine Fever (ASF) di Desa Turaloa Kecamatan Wolomeze Kabupaten Ngada
Authors: Djawapatty David J , Rembo Egydius , Puspita Victoria Ayu
Published: May 2022

African Swine Fever (ASF) atau demam babi afrika merupakan penyakit viral hemoragik yang sangat menular menyerang ternak babi dan babi liar menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi bagi peternakan skala kecil dan besar. Penyebaran virus ASF yang sangat cepat mengakibatkan tingkat kematian babi yang sangat tinggi. Penularan virus ASF dapat terjadi melalui, produk hewan ilegal, lalu lintas ternak babi, kendaraan yang terkontaminasi ASF, dan pergerakan babi hutan. Mewabahnya penyakit African Swine Fever (ASF) sebagai penyakit yang dapat menyerang babi telah menyebar di banyak negara termasuk Indonesia. Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) merupakan populasi babi terbesar di Indonesia yang terancam karena Pulau Timor berbatasan langsung dengan Timor Leste yang merupakan daerah yang terkena ASF. Merebaknya ASF menyebabkan kerugian besar bagi perekonomian dan ketakutan masyarakat akan konsumsi daging babi dan produk babi lainnya. Virus ASF terdektersi di wilayah Kabupaten Ngada pertama kali di kecamatan Riung pada akhir Januari tahun 2021, dan selanjutnya menyebar di hampir semua kecamatan di wilayah Kabupaten Ngada. Desa Turaloa merupakan salah satu desa di wilayah Kecamatan Wolomeze yang terdampak virus ASF. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi tentang ciri-ciri kualitas daging babi yang baik dan mengimbau masyarakat untuk mengendalikan dan mencegah penyebaran ASF. Meski masyarakat mengetahui tentang bahaya ASF, namun belum ada tindakan pencegahan yang mereka ketahui. Kegiatan ini merupakan sarana bagi peternak untuk mencegah ASF di peternakannya dan agar masyarakat mengetahui bahwa ASF bukanlah penyakit zoonosis. Namun, konsumsi daging babi dan produk babi lainnya yang terinfeksi ASF dapat menyebarkan ASF secara terus menerus.
An Assessment of Rainfall and Temperature on Seasonal Outbreak of Lassa Fever in Nigeria for the Year 2020
Authors: Ndayakalah Kevin Barnabas , J.J. Williams , Gwade Wushiya Joseph
Published: May 2022

The present study examined the impacts of rainfall and temperature on the seasonal outbreak of Lassa fever in Nigeria for the year 2020. The sample size was based on cluster sampling of the seven states with the highest number of cases in 2020. Three states from the south and four states from the north. Suspected and confirmed cases were gathered from the week by week epidemiological report of the NCDC website from December 30, 2019/week 52 to June 28, 2020/week 26. Average rainfall and temperature data for each state were gathered on a weekly average basis from the weather records of AccuWeather.com. The findings showed that there were no significant relationships between the climatic variables and the number of suspected and confirmed cases. However, there were weak significant relationships between the number of deaths and average low temperature (r = – 0.24) and average temperature difference (r = 0.19). In the southern states, for every one-degree (1°F) increase in temperature (f), there are an additional 12.1, 5.6 and 1.7 suspected cases in Edo, Ondo and Ebonyi states. Average high temperature alone could explain ~50% of the increase in cases. Relationships were less clear in the northern states. In contrast to previous research, the study found that there is a non-linear relationship between the climatic variables and Lassa fever outbreaks
Investigation of Influential Factors towards Predicting Death Rate in Bangladesh
Authors: Salehin Md. Nazmus , Sultana Mst. Irin
Published: May 2022

The concept of death rate is very momentous for development planning in a country. Bangladesh has largely extended its demographic transition from Death Rate (DR). Death Rate observes the economic growth and the standard of living in a country and sometimes controls the country classification defined by the World Economic Situation and Prospects (WESP). This paper looks into numerous social and economic factors responsible for determining the DR in Bangladesh and builds a prediction model that discloses many unexplored and useful observations. The World Bank data repository, based on the World Development Indicator (WDI) – 2015, has been inquired for the investigation and model building process. Primarily, a multiple stepwise linear regression-based method has been applied to build various models, and their performances are measured using MAE, RMSE, and RAE under the shed of k-fold cross-validation. Experimental results show that the final identified model forecasts the DR convincingly.
Determination of the resistance of medicinal coatings of medical arterial stents
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Mordvinkin D.V. , Fomichev V.T. ,   Volgograd State University, Ermakova T.A. ,   Volgograd State University
Published: May 2022

Publications on the study of materials suitable for the manufacture of coronary stents, as well as the properties of polyvinylpyrrolidone and acetylsalicylic acid were studied. The causes of restenosis are considered. The evaluation of the obtained coating applied by electrochemical method is given. Corrosion tests of the studied samples with a coating by the method of polarization resistance were carried out. The dependence of the corrosion resistance of the material on the concentration of acetylsalicylic acid in the composition of the drug coating was revealed.
Multi-attribute analysis of fault-tolerant software architecture of aircraft flight path monitoring systems
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk Regional Science and Technology City Hall, Kovalev D.I. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Mansurova T.P. ,   Krasnoyarsk Regional Science and Technology City Hall, Tuev E.V. ,   Siberian State University of Science and Technology named after academician M.F. Reshetnev
Published: May 2022

The article considers an original method of decomposition of fault-tolerant multiversion software systems in the aircraft flight path monitoring complex. The method of multi-attribute analysis is used, within which decomposition into functional subsystems is carried out taking into account the commonality of functions performed by program modules. In the paper, the attribute of importance of functions is determined based on the overall function of the aircraft and the set of tasks that are set for it. The division of program modules into types makes it possible to determine possible ways to improve their reliability. Multiversion programming, the method of recovery blocks and the scheme of t/(n-1)-variant programming are considered.
SOFRIMENTO PSÍQUICO DE ESTUDANTES NO ENSINO SUPERIOR: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Cunha Evelyn Cristina Martins , Souza Ana Beatriz Ramos de , Novaes Vera Ribeiro
Published: May 2022

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar dados sobre o sofrimento psíquico dos estudantes das instituições de ensino superior por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura de 2016 a 2020 nas bases científicas Lilacs e Scielo. Os resultados mostraram que o sofrimento psíquico da população estudada está relacionado a fatores sociais, saúde mental, ambiente acadêmico e aspectos psicológicos da personalidade. A identificação e o acompanhamento desses fatores levam a debates sobre a saúde mental dos estudantes de ensino superior e sua relação com o desencadeamento do sofrimento psíquico, e incentivam ações de intervenção, fortalecendo a perspectiva psicossocial do sujeito.
Effectiveness of Self-Instructional Module Among Primary Care Givers
Authors: Jain Rajkamal
Published: May 2022

Stroke is common clinical problem that occurs without a warning. The major responsibility for providing adequate care to patient has fallen on primary caregivers or family members. The nurse has to provide comprehensive care to stroke survivors as well as to care givers. The present study sought to assess the knowledge of primary care givers regarding care of stroke patients before and after administration of self-instructional module (SIM). It was a pre-experimental and evaluative approach covering 30 primary care givers from KC General Hospital, Bangalore (Karnataka). Purposive sample technique was used to select the samples. The tool used for data collection was structured questionnaire schedule. A self-instructional module was provided for the sample to improve their knowledge. The overall mean percentage of post-knowledge score of respondents (63.08%) was apparently higher than the overall mean of pie test knowledge score (37.50%) thereby revealing that the self-instructional module on care of stroke patients was effective.
Parental Knowledge and Educational Intervention on Behavioural Disorders in Pre-school Children in Kolkata
Authors: (Pal) Panchali Datta , Kundu A
Published: May 2022

Parents need to know the common behavioural disorders and their prevention in order to detect deviations early and promote healthy childhood. A prospective interventional study was conducted to assess the impact of an educational intervention on the awareness of behavioural disorders among the mothers of pre-school children attending child guidance clinic in a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata, India. Knowledge of 50 mothers of children between 3 to 6 years of age was assessed before and one week after the educational intervention by administration of a prevalidated questionnaire and analysed with inferential statistics like paired t test. The pre-test scores of parents on knowledge of behavioural problem of children did not vary significantly with age of the child, birth order of child, type of the family, educational background of parents and behavioural disorder of child. There was a significant improvement in post-test score (17.26 ± 4.11) over pre-test score (8.28 ± 4.54) which was statistically significant (p-value 4.494e-12 < 0.0001). This study establishes the significance of educating parents on behavioural disorders in children and reflects the need for sustained structured educational services for parents to improve mental health of the children in a developing nation like India
Foleys catheter vs Conventional Suction Catheter in Tracheostomy Suctioning
Authors: Ramamoorthy Lakshmi , Kumar Roopesh , Kumar KT Harichandra
Published: May 2022

This prospective observational study aimed to compare the effectiveness of conventional suction catheter with Foleys catheter for tracheostomy suctioning. It was conducted among the patients with tracheostomy admitted in Neurosurgical areas of a tertiary care centre. Fifty patients were enrolled in each group. Patients in group I received tracheostomy suctioning with Foleys catheter and patients in group II received tracheostomy suctioning with conventional suction catheter. Patients were evaluated for bleeding complications and suctioning adequacy in both groups. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, tracheostomy days, duration of hospitalisation, size of the catheter used and suctioning pressure applied. The bleeding streak was noted in 9 percent of the subjects of Foleys catheter group when compared to 18 percent in conventional suction catheter group, which was significant at p<0.05. However there was no reported tracheostomy tube block and ability to attain suctioning adequacy in both groups. It is concluded that to prevent trachea-bronchial mucosa injury the Foleys catheter can be used for tracheostomy suctioning.
Effect of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge of Adolescent Girls on Prevention of HIV/AIDS
Authors: Mishra Rasmita
Published: May 2022

A pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge of adolescent girls regarding prevention of HIV/AIDS. The conceptual framework adopted was based on the Von Ludwig Bertalanfy General System theory. Convenient sampling was used to select 100 adolescent girls who met the sampling criteria. Structured knowledge questionnaire and Likert’s Attitude Scale was used for data collection. Pre-test was administered on day 1 followed by conduct of teaching programme for the same students studying at KISS school and post-test was administered on day 8. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data in this study. The findings revealed that mean post-test knowledge scores were significantly higher than the mean pre-test knowledge scores. The planned teaching programme was effective in enhancing the knowledge of adolescent girls regarding prevention of HIV/AIDS.
Vehicle Detection and Counting for Toll Plaza
Authors: Anil Pawar  , Saurabh Agrawal  , Nilesh Nagargoje  , Shubham Dimbale  , Prof. V. R. Vasekar
Published: May 2022

Many highway toll collection systems have already been developed and are widely used in India. Some of them contain manual toll collection, RF tags, barcodes and license plates recognition. All of these systems have drawbacks that lead to some errors in the corresponding system. At toll plaza, all lanes have a mixed lane system that is, both MTC and ETC. The delay and queue is mainly due to this two different charging methods vehicles pass through the same lane. In addition, with the help of collected data and visuals onsite investigation, some additional causes of traffic .Considering all these causes, this is the paper proposes solution to these problems. In this project we are using SSD_Mobilenet_V1 architecture. It uses the TenserFlow algorithm, which helps detect objects using images, videos, or CCTVs. It will contain study of areas such as Image processing, image enhancement. The proposed model can support government agencies to dynamically manage the toll plaza. It will help to tally all the cars at the end of the day to help avoid frauds which can conducted by the toll booth attendee.
Role of Government in Supporting Entrepreneurship and MSME Development in India
Authors: Dr. Sanjay Prasad  , Dr. Deepali Amb Prasad
Published: May 2022

The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector has emerged as one of the most vibrant and dynamic sectors of the Indian economy in the last 5 decades. MSMEs not only play an important role in providing large number of employment opportunities at lower capital cost as compared to large industries but also help in industrialization of rural and backward areas, thus reducing regional imbalances, assure a more equitable distribution of national income and wealth. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) as ancillary units complement large industries and this sector contributes immensely to the socio-economic development of the country. Khadi is the glorious legacy of our National Freedom Movement and the Father of the Nation. Khadi and Village Industries (KVI) are the two national heritages of India. One of the most important aspects of KVI in the Indian economy is that it generates employment at very low per capita investment. The Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) in collaboration with the concerned Ministries/Departments, State Governments and other stakeholders by providing support to existing enterprises and encouraging new enterprises, will support the growth and development of the MSME sector including Khadi, Village Industries and Coir Industries. Along with the activities of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, the world market has also changed a lot. Today, for businesses to sustain, dynamism and entrepreneurship must continue to function to their full potential. We have seen in the past record of MSME development that, India has been able to achieve high growth of MSMEs in the country, with more emphasis on MSME Entrepreneurship Development programmed.
Bringoo liefert für Obi und Team Beverage
Authors: Klug Denise
Published: May 2022

Der Dienstleister Bringoo schaltet weitere Händler auf seine Plattform auf. Das Startup bringt Kunden nun auch Produkte von Obi und Team Beverage. Zudem gibt es eine Neuentwicklung in der IT.
Kunden des Zuckerkartells können wieder Hoffnung schöpfen
Authors: Bender Hanno
Published: May 2022

Bei den millionenschweren Klagen gegen die Zuckerhersteller Nordzucker, Südzucker und Pfeifer & Langen stehen zwei wegweisende Gerichtstermine bevor.
Kraft Heinz will Industrie 4.0
Authors: Rode Jörg , Bökamp Lena
Published: May 2022

Der FMCG-Konzern Kraft Heinz will Microsoft-Produkte einsetzen, um seine Fabriken und Lieferketten mit Industrie-4.0-Technik zu optimieren.
Kontrolle mindert Motivation
Authors: Kapell Elisabeth
Published: May 2022

Der softwaregestützten Überwachung am Arbeitsplatz sind enge rechtliche Grenzen gesetzt. Doch das Arbeiten im Homeoffice - jenseits sozialer Kontrolle und den direkten Blicken der Vorgesetzten - hat die Diskussion um Überwachung neu angefacht. Die Vertrauenskultur in den Unternehmen wird in diesen Zeiten auf die Probe gestellt.
„Die Angst vor Kontrollverlust gestehen sich viele nicht ein“
Authors: Kapell Elisabeth
Published: May 2022

Barbara Liebermeister weiß aus ihrer Beratungspraxis und den Umfragen des Institutes für Führungskultur im digitalen Zeitalter, dass die Angst vor Kontrollverlust viele Führungskräfte blockiert.
Friesenkrone punktet mit Fisch pur
Authors: Heimig Dieter
Published: May 2022

Heringe sind für Friesenkrone Feinkost der wichtigste Rohstoff. 300 Artikel umfasst das Sortiment des Unternehmens, darunter Heringsfilet-Produkte, Matjes und Bratheringe.
„Alles hat nicht nur seinen Preis, sondern auch seinen Wert“
Authors: Konrad Jörg , Nusser Bernd
Published: May 2022

Handelsmarken haben in der Kategorie Milch und Milchprodukte einen signifikanten Absatzanteil. Die Unternehmensgruppe DMK Deutsches Milchkontor zählt zu den führenden Lieferanten.
Musterbeispiele für professionelle Inszenierung am POS
Authors: Lattmann Christian
Published: May 2022

In den vergangenen Monaten hat der Handel mit viel Elan an seinen Eigenkreationen gearbeitet. Die Ansätze zur Optimierung der Sortimente sind vielfältig und kreativ. Die LZ wirft einmal mehr exemplarisch Schlaglichter auf aktuelle Konzepte, die im Ringen um die Gunst der Kunden Pluspunkte bringen sollen.
„Fad wird’s uns nicht“
Authors: Vetter Bernhard
Published: May 2022

Frankfurt a.M. Die Raiffeisen Waren-Zentrale Rhein-Main eG (RWZ) blickt zufrieden auf 2021 zurück. Vor dem geplanten Rechtsformwechsel zur AG setzt die Genossenschaft auf eine weitere Dynamisierung.
Chiropractic patients in South Africa : a demographic and descriptive profile
Authors:   , Mahomed Firdosh
Published: May 2022

To establish the profile of the typical patient presenting to private chiropractors in South Africa, in terms of: demographic data; characteristics of the presenting complaint; the knowledge levels of patients on the scope of chiropractic; the diagnosis of the patients; to compare this primary data to existing data from similar international studies.
Development of a tool to define the population of emergency medical care users in South Africa
Authors:   , Bowen James Marcus
Published: May 2022

Prehospital emergency medical service (EMS) data is essential for understanding the functioning of the services as well as the community's health. Being able to clearly and accurately define the patient population in terms of demographics and clinical condition may guide the EMS in resource management, clinical governance, research, education and political decisions. However, such data is limited in South Africa. This research, therefore, aimed to develop a data collection tool to determine the population of prehospital emergency medical care patients in South Africa. The objectives were: (i) determination of what data needed to be collected, (ii) development of a tool to collect the data, and (iii) testing the tool for ease and appropriateness of use and completeness of data collection in an authentic environment. A mixed-method, predominantly qualitative methodological design was used, with some elements of grounded theory. There were three phases corresponding to the objectives. The first two were qualitative and the third was both qualitative and quantitative. In the first phase expert consensus was sought, using a focus group discussion and Delphi study, to develop a minimum data set (MDS) to describe the patient population. The resultant MDS consisted of 18 data elements which could be categorised into demographics, time and location of EMS use, the clinical reasons for EMS use, and the actual use of the EMS. A tool and associated user instructions, based on the findings of Phase One, were developed and refined during Phase Two. Phase Three was used for testing the tool in an authentic environment. The tool was found to be acceptable and user-friendly. Further testing of the tool for accuracy and reliability is recommended.
The assessment of native erythropoietin and antibodies to recombinant erythropoietin in haemodialysis patients
Authors:   , Benjamin Sherilene Cheryl
Published: May 2022

Anaemia being one of the most severe complications of end stage renal disease is presently being managed with treatment by recombinant erythropoietin (RHuEPO). Recombinant erythropoietin (RHuEPO) produced by recombinant human DNA technology (RHuEPO) is becoming a standard part of therapy in chronic renal failure. In such patients anaemia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Haemodialysis patients have grown dependent on RHuEPO therapy due their anaemia. The assessment of native erythropoietin levels and the detection of antibody levels in blood in the study were carried out to assist in the clear target of the treatment of anaemia. Haemoglobin levels were monitored over a trial period of six months during the RHuEPO therapy. Ferritin, transferrin saturation (T Sats %) and transferrin levels were monitored accordingly. Monitoring of erythropoietin levels in haemodialysis patients has been one of the first done in our population group in South Africa.Forty haemodialysis patients on RHuEPO therapy and ten haemodialysis patients not on RHuEPO therapy and ten healthy individuals from the Haemodialysis unit at Addington Hospital, Durban, South Africa were recruited to participate in the trial. Blood samples were collected then were centrifuged at 5 degrees celsius. Plasma was isolated, stored and subsequently used in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Two ELISA were set up, one to measure EPO level and another for anti EPO antibodies. The dilutions of 1:50 were selected to detect the presence of antibodies. These have all been done in duplicates. Optical density of each sample was measured using a microplate reader at 450nm. The haemodialysis patients receiving RHuEPO presented with higher EPO levels as compared to the haemodialysis patients not receiving RHuEPO and the healthy individuals. However, in the study the HB levels were not increased over the trial period with higher RHuEPO doses. Higher doses of RHuEPO therapy showed no clear increase in haemoglobin levels. From a total of forty patients, twelve patients (35%) in the months of August and eight (25%) in the month of November were tested positive for antibodies to RHuEPO. Using statistical analysis, no correlation was observed between the antibody levels and the erythropoietin levels. However, we did not test whether the antibodies found were neutralizing or not. Bioassays for EPO may be used for that purpose.
The Kalman Filter for Tank Level Measurements
Authors: Замятин Н. В. , Смирнов Г. В. , Маковкин В. И.
Published: May 2022

Рассматривается лазерный метод, с помощью которого определяется объем вещества в резервуаре. Лазерный метод не может дать точных измерений в условиях помех, создаваемых запыленностью, задымлением, парами в резервуарах. Одним из способов снижения ошибок измерения данным методом является применение фильтра Калмана.

The study considers a laser-based method to measure the volume of the substance in a tank. The laser method cannot give accurate measurements when dust, smoke, vapors present in tanks. The Kalman filter can be used to reduce the measurement errors. 
EFFECTS OF URICOSTATIC THERAPY IN COMORBID PATIENTS WITH PURINE EXCHANGE DISORDERS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, A.G. Ramkov , T.A. Nekhajchik ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: May 2022

The analysis of the dynamics of purine metabolism over 4 years in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and gout with an assessment of the therapeutic effects on metabolic disorders is presented. It was found that patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia without prescription of uricostatics have more unfavorable tendencies than patients with gout and uricostatic therapy, even without reaching the target indicators of uricemia.
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE: DIAGNOSTIC APPROACHES AND THERAPEUTIC TACTICS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, A.A. Bova , S.M. Metelskiy ,   Belarusian State Medical University, E.I. Davidovskaya ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Pulmonology and Phthisiology, Y.M. Gromova ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Y.S. Lisiy ,   Main Military Clinical Medical Center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus, O.P. Gordeycuk ,   Main Military Clinical Medical Center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus, A.V. Pileckaya ,   Main Military Clinical Medical Center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belaru, L.S. Bohush ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Pulmonology and Phthisiology
Published: May 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease refers to widespread heterogeneous human diseases and has a tendency to increase morbidity. The article presents modern views on the classification, diagnostic criteria and approaches to the treatment of the disease from the standpoint of the Global Initiative on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease revision 2021. There was an insufficient level of diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by general practitioners and therapists. The role of combined bronchodilatory therapy, a place in the treatment of inhaled glucocorticosteroids is noted.
PECULIARITIES OF HEMOSTASIS IN NEWBORNS FROM MOTHERS WITH NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19)
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, I.А. Loginova , E.N. Alferovich ,   Belarusian State Medical University, E. Kordzakhia ,   5th City Clinical Hospital, I.N. Sorokovik ,   5th City Clinical Hospital, I.N. Seredich ,   5th City Clinical Hospital
Published: May 2022

Information about the health status of newborns from mothers infected with the SARS-COV-2 coronavirus is few and contradictory, and there is practically no information on hemocoagulation disorders in such children in the available literature. Meanwhile, hemostasis disorders are one of the most urgent problems in neonatology. The importance of the stated topic is due to the potential risk of developing life-threatening conditions due to possible violations of the functions of vital organs, severe hypoxia resulting from massive blood loss. The aim of our study was to study the features of hemocoagulation disorders in newborns from mothers with coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Confirmation of COVID-19 infection was a positive PCR test - detection of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus RNA detected in women during pregnancy (in the second trimester or immediately before childbirth). Clinical, laboratory, and biochemical research methods were used in the examination of children. It was revealed that a transmitted coronavirus infection in the second half of pregnancy and before childbirth, indirectly affecting the fetus through the uteroplacental blood flow, exacerbates microcirculatory disorders, which leads to more pronounced hemorrhagic disorders in the newborn. Conflict of interests. The authors declare that there is not conflict of interests
INFLUENCE OF GENDER AND AGE ON THE SEVERITY OF COMORBIDITY AND SURVIVAL OF OUTPATIENT PATIENTS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, I.L. Mesnikova
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to study the effect of gender, age and social status on the severity of comorbidity and survival of outpatients. A retrospective analysis of 133 outpatient records of patients of one of the outpatient clinics in Minsk was carried out by the method of continuous random sampling, incl. 50 men (38%) and 83 women (62%). Comorbidity was studied using the following methods: CIRS system; Kaplan – Feinstein index, Charlson index. The study revealed comorbidity in 78.6% of outpatients with chronic diseases, and on average it corresponded to a mild degree (according to three methods). Among comorbid diseases, the most common combination of ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension with osteoarthritis, discirculatory encephalopathy, and pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. Comorbidity was more common in female patients, elderly and senile patients, workers, pensioners and disabled people. A poor prognosis was established in 42.8% of comorbid patients (according to the Charlson index), with a ten-year survival rate of less than 21% in 35.1% of patients. Among those with a survival rate of less than 21%, elderly patients and people with disabilities predominate, while young people and employees have a survival rate of more than 99%.
Potential bioavailability of pyrogenic organic matter resembles natural dissolved organic matter pools
Authors: Graham Emily B. , Song Hyun-Seob , Grieger Samantha , Garayburu-Caruso Vanessa , Stegen James , Bladon Kevin D. , Myers-Pigg Allison
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Pyrogenic materials generated by wildfires are negatively impacting many aquatic ecosystems. At least ~10 % of dissolved organic matter (DOM) pools may be comprised of pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) that is generally considered to be more refractory than DOM from other sources. However, there has been no systematic evaluation of bioavailability across a full spectrum of PyOM chemistries. We assessed the potential bioavailability of PyOM in relation to measured and globally ubiquitous DOM compounds using a substrate-explicit model to predict the energy content, metabolic efficiency, and aerobic decomposition of representative PyOM compounds. Overall, we found similar potential bioavailability between PyOM and sediment and surface water DOM. Predicted thermodynamics and carbon use efficiencies of PyOM and DOM were statistically indistinguishable. Within PyOM, phenols and black carbon (BC, defined by Wagner et al. (2017)) had lower metabolic efficiency than other PyOM and DOM compounds, and oxygen limitation had less impact on BC metabolism than on other PyOM classes. Our work supports the recent paradigm shift where PyOM bioavailability may be more comparable to natural organic matter than previously thought, highlighting its potential role in global C emissions and providing a basis for targeted laboratory investigations into the bioavailability of various PyOM chemistries.
Accuracy of regional-to-global soil maps for on-farm decision making: Are soil maps “good enough”?
Authors: Maynard Jonathan J. , Yeboah Edward , Owusu Stephen , Buenemann Michaela , Neff Jason C. , Herrick Jeffrey E.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. A major obstacle to selecting the most appropriate crops and closing the yield gap in many areas of the world is a lack of site-specific soil information. Accurate information on soil properties is critical for identifying soil limitations and the management practices needed to improve crop yields. However, acquiring accurate soil information is often difficult due to the high spatial and temporal variability of soil properties at fine scales and the cost and inaccessibility of laboratory-based soil analyses. With recent advancements in predictive soil mapping, there is a growing expectation that soil map predictions can provide much of the information needed to inform soil management. Yet, it is unclear how accurate current soil map predictions are at scales relevant to management. The main objective of this study was to address this issue by evaluating the site-specific accuracy of regional-to-global soil maps, using Ghana as a test case. Four web-based soil maps of Ghana were evaluated using a dataset of 6,514 soil profile descriptions collected on smallholder farms using the LandPKS mobile application. Results from this study revealed that publicly available soil maps in Ghana lack the needed accuracy (i.e., correct identification of soil limitations) to reliably inform soil management decisions at the 1–2 ha scale common to smallholders. Standard measures of map accuracy for soil texture class and rock fragment class showed that all soil maps had similar performance in estimating the correct property class, with overall accuracies ranging from 8–39 % for soil texture classes and 26–33 % for soil rock fragment classes. Furthermore, there were substantial differences in soil property predictions among the four maps, highlighting that soil map errors are not uniform between maps despite their similar overall accuracies. To better understand the functional implications of these soil property differences, we used a modified version of the FAO Global Agro-Ecological Zone (GAEZ) soil suitability modelling framework to derive soil suitability ratings for each soil data source. Using a low-input, rain-fed, maize production scenario, we evaluated the functional accuracy of map-based soil property estimates. This analysis showed that soil map data significantly overestimated crop suitability for over 65 % of study sites, potentially leading to ineffective agronomic investments by farmers, including cash-constrained smallholders.
Compilation of Last Interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5e) sea-level indicators in the Bahamas, Turks and Caicos, and the east coast of Florida, USA
Authors: Dutton Andrea , Villa Alexandra , Chutcharavan Peter M.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. This paper provides a summary of published sea-level archives
representing the past position of sea level during the Last Interglacial sea-level highstand in the Bahamas, Turks and Caicos, and the eastern (Atlantic)
coast of Florida, USA. These data were assembled as part of a community
effort to build the World Atlas of Last Interglacial Shorelines (WALIS)
database. Shallow marine deposits from this sea-level highstand are
widespread across the region and are dominated by carbonate sedimentary
features. In addition to depositional (constructional) sedimentary
indicators of past sea-level position, there is also evidence of erosion,
dissolution, and/or subaerial exposure in places that can place an upper
limit on the position of sea level. The sea-level indicators that have been
observed within this region and attributed to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e
include corals, oolites, and other coastal sedimentary features. Here we compile a total of 50 relative sea-level indicators including 36 in
the Bahamas, three in West Caicos, and a remaining 10 for the eastern
seaboard of Florida. We have also compiled U-Th age data for 24 fossil
corals and 56 oolite samples. While some of these archives have been dated
using U-Th disequilibrium methods, amino acid racemization, or optically
stimulated luminescence, other features have more uncertain ages that have
been deduced in the context of regional mapping and stratigraphy.
Sedimentary archives in this region that constrain the elevation of the past
position of sea level are associated with uncertainties that range from a
couple of decimeters to several meters. Across the Bahamas and on West Caicos,
one of the observations that emerges from this compilation is that
estimation of sea-level position in this region during Marine Isotope Stage
5e is complicated by widespread stratigraphic evidence for at least one sea-level oscillation. This evidence is defined by submarine features separated
by erosion and subaerial exposure, meaning that there were likely multiple
distinct peaks in sea level rather than just one. To this end, the timing of
these individual sea-level indicators becomes important when compiling and
comparing data across the region given that different archives may have
formed during different sub-orbital peaks in sea level. The database can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5596898 (Dutton et al., 2021).
δ13C, CO2 ∕ 3He and 3He ∕ 4He ratios reveal the presence of mantle gas in the CO2-rich groundwaters of the Ardennes massif (Spa, Belgium)
Authors: Defourny Agathe , Blard Pierre-Henri , Zimmermann Laurent , Jobé Patrick , Collignon Arnaud , Nguyen Frédéric , Dassargues Alain
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Although natural CO2-rich groundwaters of eastern Belgium have been known for centuries, the exact origin of their gas is still unclear. This paper presents the results of a sampling campaign in Belgium (Spa, Stoumont, Malmedy): 30 samples of both carbogaseous and non-carbogaseous groundwaters were analyzed for major elements, CO2 content and carbon isotopic composition. Among them, 13 samples were also analyzed for 3He/4He and 4He/20Ne ratios. The combination of δ13C (between ca. −9 ‰ VPDB1 and −2 ‰ VPDB), CO2/3He ratio (between 1.9×108 and 2.9×109) and 3He/4He (between 0.92 and 2.70 Ra) shows with a high level of confidence that the CO2 in the carbogaseous groundwater of Spa and Bru has a mantle origin. It can likely be attributed to the degassing of mantle from the neighboring Eifel volcanic fields, located at a distance of
100 km eastwards. The identity and nature of the deep-rooted fractures that act as CO2 transport pathways to the surface are still to be clarified, but several major thrust faults exist in the Rhenish Massif and could connect the Eifel volcanic fields with the studied area.
ALGORITHM AND APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT FOR PRECISE AND ACCURATE TRANSFORMATION OF LIDAR POINT CLOUDS INTO NATIONAL COORDINATE SYSTEMS OF ROMANIA USING OFFICIAL EQUATIONS AND QUASIGEOID MODEL
Authors: Ilie D. , Balotă O. L. , Iordan D. , Nicoară P. S.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The LiDAR point clouds are usually processed in Universal Transvers Mercator projection. The transformation to a national coordinate system is frequently made with low accuracy with the help of the generic transformation implemented in the actual softwares. An accurate and precise transformation for LiDAR files in the national coordinate systems of Romania (planimetric system Stereographic 1970 and altimetric system Black Sea 1975) is not yet available. The National Center for Cartography (NCC) from Romania developed a software for precise transformation, but it works only for certain patterns of the text files and for a maximum number of points of about 1 million. Because of this, the use of point clouds in precision work was not possible, using only extracts of low-density grid points in text format. In this research we develop an algorithm which use the precise transformation of NCC to realise an accurate transformation of the LiDAR point clouds in the national coordinate systems. The algorithm is then implemented in an innovative software to transform the LiDAR *LAS files, using the common version 1.2. The software is a batch processing application, which it can process big LiDAR data without blocking. Moreover, the application is capable to apply with accuracy and precision the last published national quasigeoid to the LiDAR point files. In the end, the obtained LiDAR point cloud are more suitable to be used in any domain, because of the accurate and precise transformation in the Romanian coordinate systems.
IMPROVING 3D PEDESTRIAN DETECTION FOR WEARABLE SENSOR DATA WITH 2D HUMAN POSE
Authors: Kamalasanan V. , Feng Y. , Sester M.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Collisions and safety are important concepts when dealing with urban designs like shared spaces. As pedestrians (especially the elderly and disabled people) are more vulnerable to accidents, realising an intelligent mobility aid to avoid collisions is a direction of research that could improve safety using a wearable device. Also, with the improvements in technologies for visualisation and their capabilities to render 3D virtual content, AR devices could be used to realise virtual infrastructure and virtual traffic systems. Such devices (e.g., Hololens) scan the environment using stereo and ToF (Time-of-Flight) sensors, which in principle can be used to detect surrounding objects, including dynamic agents such as pedestrians. This can be used as basis to predict collisions. To envision an AR device as a safety aid and demonstrate its 3D object detection capability (in particular: pedestrian detection), we propose an improvement to the 3D object detection framework Frustum Pointnet with human pose and apply it on the data from an AR device. Using the data from such a device in an indoor setting, we conducted a comparative study to investigate how high level 2D human pose features in our approach could help to improve the detection performance of orientated 3D pedestrian instances over Frustum Pointnet.