bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OYUNLAŞTIRMANIN İŞLETMELER ÜZERİNDE ETKİLERİ: TOY CARDS ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: GÖKTAŞ Pınar , HASEKİOĞLU Hazar
Published: October 2023

Oyunlaştırma, insan davranışlarını etkilemeye yönelik bir uygulamadır. Bir işin veya görevin yerine getirilmesi hususunda kişinin, söz konusu iş veya görevin tamamlamasına yönelik motivasyonun sağlanması bağlamında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Motivasyonun sağlanması noktasında, oyunlardan ilham alınan ödül ve rekabet gibi unsurlar, uygulama içerisinde kendine geniş bir yer bulmaktadır. Günümüzde işletmeler, rekabeti sürdürülebilir kılmak adına insan kaynağını en iyi şekilde organize etmek, yöneltmek, eşgüdümlemek ve motive etmek durumundadır. Bu doğrultuda, insan davranışlarını etkileme konusunda önemli bir yere sahip olan oyunlaştırma, işletmelerin iç ve dış müşterileri için gerçekleştirilen uygulamalar çerçevesinde işletmelerin performanslarına olumlu etki edeceği öngörülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, oyunlaştırmanın işletmeler için önemi ele alınmış, oyunlaştırmanın iç ve dış müşteriye olan örnekleri ortaya koyulmuştur. Türkiye’nin ilk oyunlaştırma tasarımı kartları olan TOY (Türkiye ve Oyunlaştırma) Gamification Decards uygulaması ile iç ve dış müşteri için 10 adımda birer örnek çalışma ile işletmelere olan etkisi açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Böylece iş hedefleri, davranışlar, persona, oyuncunun yolculuğu, 8 temel oyun duygusu, oyun elementleri, ödüller, teknoloji, hatırlatıcılar ve tetikleyicilerin yanı sıra ölçme ve değerlendirme ana başlıkları kurum işleyiş süreçlerinde değerlendirilmiş ve yol haritasına yer verilmiştir.
The “latecomers” of Bougainville: The difficult completion of post-conflict disarmament processes
Authors: Bajon Theò
Published: October 2023

Post-conflict disarmament processes inherently grapple with definitional challenges regarding definitive endpoints and measures of completion. This paper examines the phenomenon of delayed disarmament through the case study of so-called “latecomers” in Bougainville—ex-combatants who voluntarily surrendered their weapons following the cessation of formal demobilisation, disarmament, and reintegration programming. This study proposes a behavioural model that conceptualises late comer decisionmaking dynamics pertaining to temporary small arms retention. Pivoting upon an iterated security dilemma framework, the model posits that contextual environmental stressors and temporal factors serve as key variables initially sustaining weapons possession in the absence of hostilities. However, this intermediate status carries risks of eventual escalation to renewed violence or protracted and arduous disarmament engagement. The latecomer case reveals the inherent fluidity and uncertainties surrounding delimitations of the disarmament process. Further interrogating ex-combatant dilemmas could strengthen post-conflict policy and practice. Fundamentally, this research demonstrates the enduring temporal ambiguities inherent to disarmament, highlighting the need for pluralistic understandings attentive to issues of indigeneity, humanity, and interpretive meaning central to sustainable peace-building.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Dan Antikolesterol Dari Oleoresin Cangkang Biji Pala
Authors: Karisoh Marsel Refanli , Suryanto Edi , Koleangan Harry S. J.
Published: October 2023

Hiperkolesterolimia adalah keadaan ketika kadar kolesterol di dalam darah melebihi batas normal. Mningkatnya kadar kolesterol dalam tubuh jika dibiarkan, akan menjadi pemicu penimbunan lemak pada pembuluh darah. Kondisi ini akan menyebabkan meningkatnya resiko serangan jantung dan strok. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendapatkan oleoresin yang mengandung fitokimia antioksidan menggunakan metode Soxhletasi dan menganalisis kemampuan oleoresin dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol. Metodologi penelitian meliputi preparasi sampel, ekstraksi oleoresin, penentuan fitokimia antioksidan (total fenolik, total flavonoid, dan total tanin terkondensasi), serta kemampuan penurunan kadar kolesterol.  Rendemen oleoresin yang dihasilkan dengan nilai paling tinggi adalah oleoresin yang larut etil asetat (OEA) 100 mesh sebesar 2,21%. Sedangkan rendemen yang paling rendah adalah oleoresin yang larut n-heksana (OH) 50 mesh sebesar 0,33%. Oleoresin yang larut etanol (OE) 50 mesh memiliki kandungan fenolik (150,57 µg/mL), flavonoid (49,22 µg/mL), dan tanin terkondensasi (5,04 µg/mL) dengan nilai tertinggi. Kemampuan dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol dengan persentase yang paling tinggi yaitu sampel OH jika dibandingkan dengan OEA dan OE. Hal ini diduga bahwa dalam OH terdapat senyawa yang bukan golongan fenolik yang bertindak sebagai antikolesterol.
Kata kunci: Cangkang Biji Pala, Oleoresin, Antikolesterol, Antioksidan
Aktivitas Penghambatan Enzim α-Amilase dan Penyerapan Kolesterol Dari Serat Pangan Alga Eucheuma spinosum
Authors: Masoa Gilbert G. , Lidya Irma  , Edi Suryanto
Published: October 2023

Alga Eucheuma spinosum didapatkan langsung dari seorang nelayan (Pulau Nain Sulahwesi Utara), yang sudah banyak dibudidayakan dan ditelitih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan serat pangan pada berbagai ukuran serbuk (mesh), serta penentuan penghambatan enzim α-amilase dan penyerapan kolesterol. Prosedur penelitian meliputi preparasi sampel, ekstraksi, analisis proksimat, penentuan kandungan serat pangan, uji penghambatan enzim α-amilase, uji penyerapan kolesterol dan analisis data. Serbuk dibedakan dengan ukuran ayakan yaitu 200 mesh, 100 mesh dan < 100 mesh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan presetase rendemen tertinggi pada sampel 200 mesh (0,97%). Komposisi kimia E. spinosum deretan tertingi-rendah yaitu karbohidrat, kadar air, kadar abu, protein dan kadar lemak dan tidak berpengaruh pada ukuran sampel. Kandungan serat pangan menunjukkan bahwa semakin kecil ukuran serbuk, maka semakin tinggi kandungan serat pangan 200 mesh (13,00%), 100 mesh (9,41%) dan < 100 mesh (7,08%). Potensi aktivitas serat pangan berpengaruh pada penghambatan enzim α-amilase 200 mesh (67,12%), 100 mesh (64,07%) dan < 100 mesh (70,85%) untuk ekstrak presetase masing-masing yaitu 200 mesh (63,29%), 100 mesh (56,18%) dan < 100 mesh (51,65%) dan juga penyerapan kolesterol 200 mesh (62,77%), 100 mesh (62,51%) dan < 100 mesh (60,36%) untuk ekstrak sampel 200 mesh (46,56%), 100 mesh (38,28%) dan < 100 mesh (42,55%).
 
Kata kunci: Serat pangan, enzim α-amilase, kolesterol, E. spinosum
Formulasi Sabun Mandi Padat yang Mengandung Antioksidan dan Antibakteri dari Ekstrak Etanol Pelepah Aren (Arenga pinnata)
Authors: Anggraini Dirchein , Sangi Meiske Sientje , Wuntu Audy Denny
Published: October 2023

Pembuatan sabun dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kualitas mutu sabun, aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri dengan memanfaatkan bahan alam pelepah aren. Pengujian mutu dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 3532:2021. Aktivitas antioksidan diuji dengan menggunakan metode 1,1 difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) dan uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram kertas (Kirby-Bauer). Uji SNI pada parameter kadar air, pH, bahan tak larut dalam etanol, asam lemak bebas telah memenuhi syarat mutu. Nilai IC50 ekstrak etanol pelepah aren yaitu 20,33 (µg/mL) tergolong sebagai antioksidan yang sangat kuat. Setiap formula sabun memiliki nilai IC50 berkisar 202,51 µg/mL hingga 57,56 µg/mL dengan kategori sedang hingga kuat. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol pelepah aren pada bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa tergolong kuat, zona hambat formula sabun yang terbentuk pada bakteri P. acnes tergolong kuat hingga sangat kuat dan pada bakteri P. aerugunisa sangat kuat.
Kata Kunci: Sabun, pelepah aren, SNI 3532:2021, antioksidan, antibakteri
Fotodegradasi Metilen Biru, Kongo Merah, dan Kristal Ungu Menggunakan Komposit Hidroksiapatit-Zeolit A Termodifikasi Ag
Authors: Tatipikalawan Grisela A. , Wuntu, M.Si. Audy D. , Kamu Vanda S. , Wuntu Norrytha L.
Published: October 2023

Suatu penelitian mengenai fotodegradasi metilen biru (MB), kongo merah (KM), dan kristal ungu (KU) telah dikerjakan dengan menggunakan fotokatalis komposit hidroksiapatit-zeolit A (HAp-ZA) termodifikasi Ag. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan material fotokatalis tersebut dalam mendegradasi pewarna-pewarna sintetik sintetik MB, KM, dan KU dalam larutan dengan pelarut air. Eksperimen fotodegradasi dikerjakan dengan menginteraksikan pewarna sintetik dan fotokatalis di bawah radiasi sinar tampak dengan variasi jumlah fotokatalis. Konsentrasi pewarna sintetik yang tersisa dalam larutan setelah interaksi kemudian diukur dengan instrumen spektrofotometer UV-vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan konsentrasi pewarna sintetik semakin besar dengan bertambahnya jumlah fotokatalis. Meskipun demikian, jumlah pewarna yang mengalami fotodegradasi untuk setiap gram fotokatalis makin kecil dengan bertambahnya massa fotokatalis.
 Kata kunci: Fotodegradasi, hidroksiapatit, zeolit A, pewarna sintetik
Monitoring Baby Incubator Central through Internet of Things (IoT) based on Raspberry Pi Zero W with Computer Monitoring)
Authors: Ningsih Fransiska Ima Setia , Irianto Bambang Guruh , Lamidi Lamidi , Abdulhamid Mohanad
Published: October 2023

Premature infants, with a gestational age of 37 weeks or less and weighing less than 2500 grams, face challenges in adapting to the outside world due to the underdeveloped state of their organ systems. Special care is essential to support their growth and development, including maintaining optimal temperature, humidity, and oxygen levels similar to those experienced in the mother's womb. Baby incubators play a crucial role in providing these conditions. This study aims to develop a convenient monitoring tool for midwives and healthcare workers responsible for multiple baby incubators. The tool operates independently and is compatible with various brands of baby incubators. Leveraging an IoT system, it utilizes ESP32 and Raspberry Pi Zero W modules for data transmission. The tool incorporates a DS18B20 sensor for monitoring skin temperature and a DHT22 sensor for monitoring the temperature inside the incubator chamber. Using a pre-experimental design with an after-only research design, the tool's measurements are compared against an incubator analyzer. The study reveals that the developed module still exhibits some measurement errors. However, despite these limitations, the research is expected to greatly assist medical personnel in simultaneously monitoring multiple baby incubators.

Keywords : Premature infants, Baby incubators, IoT, Temperature, ESP32, Raspberry Pi Zero W
The Sensor Occlusion SEN0257 on the Infusion Device Analyzer 2 Channel with TFT Display ensures high accuracy in detecting occlusions.
Authors: Asrori' Ach Jiddan , Yulianto Endro , Rahmawati Triana
Published: October 2023

Syringepump and Infuspump function to provide drugs or fluids that are carried out directly and continuously for a certain period of time through a blood vessel. Often encountered problems of blockage or occlusion in the use of infusion pumps and syringe pumps. Occlusion in the infusion device causes the incoming drug fluid to not flow constantly. Occlusion limit set at 20 Psi according to ECRI. To ensure this, proper calibration is required at least once a year. The purpose of this research is to analyze the accuracy of the pressure sensor on the Occlusion measurement on the Infusion Device Analyzer 2 Channel showing TFT. This study has 2 channels so that it can calibrate 2 tools simultaneously. The design of this module uses a Water Pressure Sensor to measure occlusion and a solenoid valve for pressure simulation. When the sensor is depressed, the sensor detects the pressure and is processed by the Arduino. The pressure results are then displayed on a 7-inch TFT LCD in the form of graphs and numbers in real time and stored on the SD card.
Pengaruh Harga Diri Terhadap Sikap Penerimaan Guru Sekolah Inklusi Dengan Kepercayaan Diri Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Rahayu Elisabeth Esti , Sugiarti L. Rini
Published: October 2023

Beberapa Sekolah SD Negeri di Kota Palembang menampung 315 anak berkebutuhan khusus yang merupakan siswa pindahan dari Sekolah Luar Biasa. Prestasi yang dicapai diantaranya 100% anak berkebutuhan khusus yang lulus berhasil masuk ke SMP, anak berkebutuhan khusus juga memiliki prestasi seperti hafal Al-Qur’an 3 jus, memenangkan lomba story telling tingkat nasional, mereka bisa berbaur dengan siswa lainnya sehingga timbul rasa empati dan saling peduli dengan sesama. Fenomena tersebut menarik untuk dibuktikan pengaruh harga diri terhadap sikap penerimaan guru sekolah inklusi dengan kepercayaan diri sebagai variabel intervening. Penelitian ini menggunakan model regresi analisis jalur. Sampel yang diambil adalah 150 guru sekolah inklusi di 6 sekolah di Kota Palembang sebagai responden. Hasilnya didapatkan bahwa (1) harga diri berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepercayaan diri, (2) harga diri berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap sikap penerimaan guru sekolah inklusi, (3) kepercayaan diri berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap sikap penerimaan guru sekolah inklusi, (4) harga diri tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sikap penerimaan guru melalui kepercayaan diri di sekolah inklusi.
Resiliensi Sebagai Mediator Pengaruh Stres Kerja Terhadap Burnout Kepada Dosen dan Tenaga Kependidikan
Authors: Atrianah  , Dimala Cempaka Putrie , Wulandari Christina Rahayu
Published: October 2023

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan bidang jasa, seperti polisi, perawat, guru, sales, maupun pekerjaan lain yang membutuhkan pelayanan, rentan terhadap ketegangan sehingga menimbulkan stres dalam waktu yang lama dan terjadi burnout. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan adalah mengidentifikasi resiliensi dapat menjadi variabel mediator pada pengaruh stres kerja terhadap burnout yang terjadi pada dosen dan tenaga kependidikan. Subjek yang dipilih untuk riset ini merupakan dosen serta tenaga akademik di Universitas X pada sampel sejumlah 152 orang. Metode untuk melakukan penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuisioner Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) dan Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) versi Cina yang dimodifikasi oleh Yu & Zhang. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu variabel stres kerja memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel burnout dibuktikan dari nilai p < 0.001, dengan nilai pengaruh sebesar 31,3%. Selain itu resiliensi terbukti dapat menjadi variabel mediator pada pengaruh stres kerja terhadap burnout dengan p = 0.006 (p < 0.050), dengan nilai pengaruh stres kerja terhadap burnout setelah di mediasi oleh variabel resiliensi menjadi 19,1%. Untuk peneliti selanjutnya hendaklah melanjutkan penelitian ini dengan mencari tahu variabel lain yang memedisi pengaruh stres terhadap burnout, memperbanyak variasi dari sampel serta memperhatikan keberagaman sampel.
Shared Autonomy Locomotion Synthesis with a Virtual Powered Prosthetic Ankle
Authors: Hodossy Balint , Farina Dario
Published: October 2023

Virtual environments provide a safe and accessible way to test innovative technologies for controlling wearable robotic devices. However, to simulate devices that support walking, such as powered prosthetic legs, it is not enough to model the hardware without its user. Predictive locomotion synthesizers can generate the movements of a virtual user, with whom the simulated device can be trained or evaluated. We implemented a Deep Reinforcement Learning based motion controller in the MuJoCo physics engine, where autonomy over the humanoid model was shared between the simulated user and the control policy of an active prosthesis. Despite not optimising the controller to match experimental dynamics, realistic torque profiles and ground reaction force curves were produced by the agent. A data-driven and continuous representation of user intent was used to simulate a Human Machine Interface that controlled a transtibial prosthesis in a non-steady state walking setting. The continuous intent representation was shown to mitigate the need for compensatory gait patterns from their virtual users, and halve the rate of tripping. Co-adaptation was identified as a potential challenge for training human-in-the-loop prosthesis control policies. The proposed framework outlines a way to explore the complex design space of robot-assisted gait, promoting the transfer of the next generation of intent driven controllers from the lab to real-life scenarios.
Targetless Lidar-camera Calibration via Cross-modality Structure Consistency
Authors: Ou Ni
Published: October 2023

Lidar and cameras serve as essential sensors for automated vehicles and intelligent robots, and they are frequently fused in complicated tasks. Precise extrinsic calibration is the prerequisite of Lidar-camera fusion. Hand-eye calibration is almost the most commonly used targetless calibration approach. This paper presents a particular degeneration problem of hand-eye calibration when sensor motions lack rotation. This context is common for ground vehicles, especially those traveling on urban roads, leading to a significant deterioration in translational calibration performance. To address this problem, we propose a novel motion-based Lidar-camera calibration framework based on cross-modality structure consistency. It is globally convergent within the specified search range and can achieve satisfactory translation calibration accuracy in degenerate scenarios. To verify the effectiveness of our framework, we compare its performance to one motion-based method and two appearance-based methods using six Lidar-camera data sequences from the KITTI dataset. Additionally, an ablation study is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of each module within our framework.

Our codes are now available on github for reproduction.
AoI-Minimal Clustering, Transmission and Trajectory Co-Design for UAV-assisted WPCNs
Authors: liu xiaoying , liu huihui , Zheng Kechen , liu jia , Taleb Tarik , Shiratori Norio
Published: October 2023

This paper investigates the long-term average age of information (AoI)-minimal problem in an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted wireless-powered communication network (WPCN), which consists of a static hybrid access point (HAP), a mobile UAV, and many static sensor nodes (SNs) randomly distributed on multiple islands. The UAV first is fully charged by the HAP, and then flies to each island to charge SNs and receive data from them. Before running out the energy in battery, the UAV flies back to the HAP to offload the received data and be fully charged again. Due to the finite battery capacity of the UAV, it is impossible for the UAV to traverse all the islands to collect all the data from SNs for once flight. We are thus inspired to divide islands into multiple clusters so that the UAV could traverse all the islands in each cluster. The key factors affecting the long-term average AoI contain the hovering duration, the flying duration, and the amount of data from each island reflected by the number of SNs on each island. Therefore, we formulate the long-term average AoI-minimal problem by jointly optimizing the transmit power of SNs, clustering of islands, and UAV's flight trajectory, subject to the battery capacity of the UAV. Since the optimization problem is NP-hard, there are no standard methods to solve it optimally in general. To tackle this problem, we decouple it into two subproblems: the power allocation subproblem for SNs, and the joint clustering of islands and UAV's flight trajectory design subproblem, which is much more perplexed and complicated owing to the tight coupling between them. To solve the first subproblem, we propose a hybrid TDMA and NOMA (HTN) protocol that takes advantage of the two protocols. To solve the second subproblem, we propose a clustering-based dynamic adjustment of the shortest path (C-DASP) algorithm, which is composed of three sub-algorithms, i.e, a proposed merging-aided K-means clustering (MaKMC) algorithm, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm employed to find the shortest path in each cluster, and a proposed dynamic adjustment (DA) algorithm taking into account the number of SNs on each island. Simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed HTN protocol and C-DASP algorithm.
Why is MIMO Capacity in a Fading Environment Higher than in an AWGN Environment
Authors: Ahmed Yasir , Reed Jeffrey
Published: October 2023

A wireless channel suffers from two fundamental impairments; fading and noise. While fading is multiplicative, noise is additive. It is well-known that higher the noise, lower is the signal to noise ratio and lower the capacity. However, fading can be helpful in increasing the capacity when using multiple transmit and receive antennas. In this paper, we give an intuitive explanation for this. Anybody with a background in linear algebra and matrices can understand this. 
Prime Discovery A Formula Generating Primes and Their Composites
Authors: Zaman Budee U
Published: October 2023

In the pursuit of understanding the enigmatic world of prime numbers, a unique formula has been identified, which can be used to generate prime numbers, with the exception of 2 and 3. This formula is expressed as (n = positive integer, p = prime number), where, intriguingly, the output for other positive integers results in irrational numbers. This enigmatic formula not only reveals prime numbers but also unveils a peculiar pattern related to composite numbers derived from prime factors. These composite numbers, which arise as exceptions in the context of prime generation, exhibit regularity and may offer new insights into the interconnected of prime and composite numbers. This discovery promises to broaden our understanding of the intricate world of number theory and provides a fresh perspective on the nature of prime numbers. Further exploration of this formula may uncover deeper mathematical principles and unlock novel avenues in number theory research.

p =√1 + 24n
MeloHarmony: Exploring Emotion in Crafting AI-Generated Music with Generative Adversarial Network Powered Harmony
Authors: Adhikari Tapomoy
Published: October 2023

The profound association between music and human emotion has transcended epochs, underscoring the capacity of musical compositions to elicit a spectrum of feelings, from exuberance to introspection. In the contemporary landscape, the intersection of music and technological advancements has engendered a paradigmatic shift in the creation and interpretation of musical compositions. Central to this transformation is the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the realm of music composition, a domain historically governed by human creativity.

This research endeavors to navigate this juncture, unraveling the prospect of imbuing AI-generated music with heightened emotional resonance, thereby amplifying the scope of artistic expression. At the crux of this exploration lies the innovative utilization of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to infuse the synthesized musical compositions with an intricate tapestry of human-like emotions.

This paper sets out to elucidate the multifaceted dimensions of this venture by charting a trajectory that traverses the historical lineage of emotional undertones in music, culminating in a contemporary synergy between AI capabilities and human sentiment. Our approach is encapsulated within the nexus of technology and creativity, where GANs are envisaged as a conduit to facilitate the infusion of emotions into AI-generated musical compositions.

In subsequent sections, we delve into an immersive analysis of the seminal role that music has played in articulating emotions throughout history. Moreover, we embark on a comprehensive exploration of the confluence of AI advancements and the nuanced realm of emotional resonance, delineating the profound possibilities that emerge from this amalgamation. Crucially, the research postulates a novel framework that leverages GANs to imbue AI-generated harmonies with a poignant emotional depth, elucidating the pivotal role of technology in elevating the emotive tenor of musical compositions.

The subsequent chapters unravel the intricate methodology underpinning this research, encapsulating data collection processes, GAN architecture elucidation, techniques for embedding emotional facets, and the meticulous training process. Furthermore, a meticulous analysis of the emotional impact of AI-generated music on human perception is presented, both quantitatively and qualitatively, shedding light on the efficacy of the GAN-powered approach.

Conclusively, the research extends its purview to expound upon the ethical considerations embedded within this paradigmatic juncture, while also envisioning potential trajectories for the practical application and validation of the proposed GAN-powered methodology. As the curtains are drawn on this introductory exposition, the subsequent sections promise a symphony of insights, culminating in a harmonious synthesis of AI ingenuity and human emotional resonance within the tapestry of musical composition.
Comparative Analysis of Electric Cars and Diesel Cars Using Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO)
Authors: Bodemer Oliver
Published: October 2023

The transition to sustainable transportation has led to the emergence of electric vehicles (EVs) and the exploration of alternative fuels like Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) for diesel cars. This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of electric cars and diesel cars powered by HVO, focusing on environmental impact, performance, economic aspects, infrastructure, and longevity. Electric cars, with their zero tailpipe emissions, offer a promising solution to reduce urban air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. However, the environmental footprint of their battery production and electricity sources cannot be overlooked. On the other hand, diesel cars using HVO, a renewable biofuel, have the potential to significantly reduce carbon emissions compared to conventional diesel, while leveraging existing refueling infrastructure. Performance metrics, including acceleration, range, and efficiency, were evaluated for both vehicle types. From an economic perspective, the total cost of ownership, encompassing purchase price, maintenance, and fuel or electricity costs, was assessed. Infrastructure analysis revealed insights into the availability and convenience of charging stations for EVs versus HVO refueling stations. Additionally, the longevity and maintenance requirements of both vehicle types were examined to provide a holistic understanding of their long-term viability. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for policymakers, manufacturers, and consumers in making informed decisions about sustainable transportation options. The results also highlight areas for potential improvement and innovation in both EV and HVO technologies, paving the way for a cleaner and more efficient transportation future. 
Development of an uncertainty budget for a disseminated lunar irradiance scale over the visible to near-infrared spectral region
Authors: Brown Steven , Woodward John T. , Wilson Truman , Xiong Xiaxiong , Angal Amit , Sun Junqiang
Published: October 2023

This work develops a framework for the development of an SI-traceable model of lunar irradiance over the visible to near-infrared spectral region. Based on revisions to the Robotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) model of lunar reflectance developed by the United States Geological Survey, it is called the Common Lunar Model-ROLO (CLM-R). Inputs from several different instruments are included in its development: SI-traceable lunar measurements by the airborne-LUnar Spectral Irradiance (air-LUSI) instrument are used for an estimate of the phase correction to ROLO while residual corrections to the ROLO model for lunar phase and libration angles are developed using long-term lunar data sets from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometers (MODIS) on NASA’s Terra and Aqua satellites and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometers (VIIRS) on NOAA’s Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership and NOAA-20 satellites. Additionally, this work examines the potential use of the Moon as an absolute, SI-traceable, celestial calibration target by providing an estimate of the uncertainty in a sensor calibration using the Moon. Based on lunar measurements by MODIS and VIIRS, a combined standard uncertainty less than 1 % is achievable for the calibrations of satellite sensors using the Moon. 
SURVEY ON PARTICIPATION IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PROGRAM, PERCEPTIONS AND BARRIERS AMONG YOUNG FEMALES
Authors: Asghar Kiran , Irfan Tanzila , Abbasi Umama , Ali Syed Shahzad
Published: October 2023

Aims Of Study: In Pakistan, the level of physical inactivity among adults is 26%. This survey aims to determine the participation in structured physical activity among young females and their perception and barriers towards SPA. Methodology: Purposive sampling was used to gather data from young females aged 16-30 in Karachi. Demographics, perception, and barriers were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Pearson chi-square was used to draw associations between qualitative variables. Results: According to a study of 319 participants, more than half did not participate in structured physical activity. Those who did found it beneficial for their health and happiness. Barriers to participation included transportation and gender-specific facilities, but these were not significantly associated with participation. Limitations & Future Implications: The study did not explore variations in physical activity participation among different ethnic, educational, socioeconomic, or occupational groups. Future studies should investigate these factors among both genders to understand perceptions and barriers to structured physical activity across diverse populations. Originality: To promote physical activity among young females and prevent health issues, it's crucial to recognize their understanding of SPA barriers and perceptions and develop appropriate strategies to overcome them. Conclusion: The barriers to structured physical activity had no significant effect on participation among young females. Also, participation in structured physical activity was not affected by marital status, age, and education level.
EFEKTIVITAS DAUN JAMBU BIJI DALAM MENGATASI DIARE
Authors: Vivekananda Ida Bagus Laksamana
Published: October 2023

The most common digestive tract disorders are diarrhea and constipation. Diarrhea is a disease characterized by a change in stool consistency (to become liquid) accompanied by an increase in the frequency of defecation more than 3 times a day accompanied by changes with or without blood and/or mucus. Diarrhea is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality as well as malnutrition in children, especially in developing countries. Plants that are efficacious in overcoming diarrhea is guava. Guava leaf extract contains phytochemicals which are known to have pharmacological activity showing high levels of tannins and flavonoids and may be responsible for the anti-diarrhea activity. The purpose of this article review is to determine the potential effectiveness of guava leaves in treating diarrhea. The method used in making this article review is literature study by accessing national and international journals. The conclusion obtained is based on the results of the analysis of several articles, namely guava leaves are effective in treating diarrhea.
ДИФТОНГИ В СТРУКТУРЕ ОДНОСЛОЖНЫХ ГЛАГОЛОВ ЧЕЧЕНСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Authors: Ирезиев С.-Х.С.-Э. , Абубакаров А.Х. , Денильханова А.Б.
Published: October 2023

В настоящей статье исследуются особенности способов образования дифтонгов в структуре односложных глаголов современного чеченского языка. На современном этапе в структуре односложных глаголов в чеченском языке выступают следующие дифтонги ие, иē, уо, уō, уōь, ай, оw. В работе отмечается, что выделенные дифтонги в односложных глаголах чеченского языка и его диалектов исторически вторичного происхождения. Кроме того, эти дифтонги выступают как в начальной форме (форме инфинитива), так и в структуре временных форм. В статье особое внимание обращается на особенности фонетических процессов, происходящих при образовании рассматриваемых дифтонгов. Схематически образование дифтонгов в структуре односложных глаголов в статье представлены следующим образом: (а+у→уо), (а+е→ие), (ā+у→оw), (иē+у→уōь), (ā+и→ай), (иē←ū←а+й←w(←б)), уō←a+w(←б)).
РОМАНТИЧЕСКИЙ КОЛОРИТ ПОВЕСТИ «ЧИНЫ И ДЕНЬГИ» Е. РАСТОПЧИНОЙ
Authors: Уздеева Т.М. , Яхъяева З.И.
Published: October 2023

В данной статье анализируется повесть «Чины и деньги» Е. Растопчиной с точки зрения ее жанрово-методологической принадлежности. Автор статьи уделяет особое внимание системе мужских и женских образов повести. Акцент сделан на фигуре главного героя Вадима Свирского. Исповедальная манера повествования позволяет судить читателю о важных вехах духовного взросления героя и о его рефлексиях во время влюбленности. Рассматривается любовная интрига как показательная и достаточно распространенная коллизия в светском обществе. Оно погрязло в преклонении перед богатством, оно выработало свои идеалы и нравственные ориентиры в отношениях к людям. Свет жесток, избирателен и с легкостью ломает чужие судьбы. Всего этого не знал герой и стал жертвой света. Второй жертвой стала юная красавица Вера, искренне полюбившая небогатого Свирского. Набиравшая обороты любовь молодых разбилась о решение родителей Веры – типичных представителей света – выдать дочь за богатого человека. Конфликт личности со средой, со «светом» показан в ракурсе нравственного проявления. Любовь поражена, и герои не выдержали удара своей судьбы. Вначале погибает Вадим, а затем Вера. Автор статьи приходит к выводу о романтической природе конфликта в повести, описавшей любовную тему в остро романтическом и драматическом ключе, романтической специфике системы образов и стиля повести. Ее можно отнести к романтическим светским любовным повестям 19 века.
ИНТЕРФЕРЕНТНЫЕ ЯВЛЕНИЯ ПРИ ОБУЧЕНИИ РУССКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ УЧАЩИХСЯ-ДАГЕСТАНЦЕВ
Authors: Джамалов К.Э.
Published: October 2023

Статья посвящена анализу интерференционных явлений, возникающих при обучении русскому языку на всех языковых уровнях: фонетическом, грамматическом (морфологическом и синтаксическом) и лексическом. В условиях двуязычия в русской речи билингвов неизбежны ошибки, обусловленные влиянием родного языка. На фонетическом уровне наиболее трудным для билингвов является произношение твердых – мягких согласных из-за отсутствия в родном языке билингвов дифференциации согласных по мягкости-твердости; произношение гласных фонем Ы и О из-за их отсутствия во многих дагестанских языках; произношение звонких – глухих согласных, шипящих Ж,Ш и Ц, сочетаний согласных сч, зч, тч, сж, дц, сб, сд. На морфологическом уровне больше всего наблюдаем интерференционные ошибки при определении и употреблении категории рода. Падежные системы в русском и родном языке учащихся сильно различаются, что приводит к интерференционным ошибкам при определении рода существительных по окончаниям, особенно слов с мягким знаком на конце. В дагестанских языках отсутствуют предлоги, что приводит к ошибкам на падежное управление. На синтаксическом уровне интерференционные ошибки связаны в основном с неправильным согласованием и управлением слов, различиями в структуре простого и сложного предложения. Основной причиной, порождающей лексико-семантическую интерференцию, следует считать стремление учащихся передать значение русских слов в соответствии со словоупотреблением в родном языке. Это в основном ошибки на правильное определение отдельных значений многозначных слов.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СОЗНАНИЯ У СТУДЕНТА ВУЗА
Authors: Абдулазимова Т.Х.
Published: October 2023

В статье изучено понятие «экологическое сознание» и рассмотрен процесс формирования экологического сознания студентов вуза. Выявлены основные теоретические подходы к формированию экологического сознания студентов университета. Экологическое сознание – сложное, многогранное явление, основанное на знаниевой, чувственной и волевой сфере деятельности человека, а также совокупности установок в отношении мышления, которые влияют на итоговую деятельность личности. Экологическое сознание – одно из составляющих сознания личности относящееся к пространству, в котором обитает человек, управляющее его деятельностью, направленной на сохранение и улучшение окружающей социоприродной среды. Экологическое сознание студентов, рассматриваемое как основа индивидуального и группового понимания взаимосвязи в системы «человек-природа-общество» и окружающей социоприродной среде, особенностей создания и применения стратегий и технологий природосообразной деятельности будет развиваться на основе применения экологоориентированных заданий, базирующихся на сотворческих рефлексивных технологиях, что приведет к повышению рефлексивности студентов и уровня экологического сознания. Сделан вывод о том, что взаимодействие обучающегося и педагога в процессе формирования экологического сознания должно происходить в разных режимах рефлексивной психолого-педагогической поддержки: индивидуальном, групповом и коллективном.
К ВОПРОСУ О СМЕШАННОМ ОБУЧЕНИИ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ ВУЗЕ
Authors: Ахмадова З.М.
Published: October 2023

В статье рассмотрена проблема применения смешанного обучения в современном вузе. Смешанное обучение подразумевает одновременное использование очной формы обучения и электронного. Сочетание очных и дистанционных форм обучения естественно позволяет сам процесс обучения сделать более продуктивным, более удобным и, если можно так выразиться, выгодным для всех сторон образовательного процесса. Под смешанным обучением понимаем интеграцию аудиторной традиционной формы обучения и дистанционного с использованием ИКТ. В современном мире с каждым годом смешанное обучение становиться все более востребованным. Использование данного метода обучения становиться эффективной формой обучения в ВУЗе. Смешанное обучение использует электронные ресурсы и тем самым открывает новые возможности, как для преподавателей, так и для студентов. Основными элементами смешанного обучения являются: техническо-информационная база; смешанное или электронное обучение осуществляется посредством LMS Moodle, СДО «Прометей» и Moodle; осуществление программно-технологического сопровождения и организационная поддержка в соответствии с внутренними нормативными документами, что обеспечивает реализацию смешанного обучения; обучение преподаванию – учебно-методические разработки преподавателя по своей дисциплине в ВУЗе для смешанного обучения.
КОРРЕЛЯТИВНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ КАК УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫЙ СЦЕНАРИЙ ПОИСКА ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИХ СООТВЕТСТВИЙ В КОНТАКТНЫХ ЯЗЫКАХ
Authors: Магомедова Т.И.
Published: October 2023

Обобщается исследовательский опыт применения методики коррелятивного анализа языковых систем в условиях бинарного и полинарного контактирования с целью выявления относительно полных, частичных и нулевых фонетических соответствий. Результаты мотивационного коррелятивного анализа фонетических систем близкородственных языков (русского и словацкого) и неродственных разноструктурных языков (русского и дагестанских) открывают практические возможности прогнозирования технологий преодоления интерферентных ошибок в процессе обучения билингвов неродному языку не только при проксимальном, но при дистальном контактировании языков независимо от их родства. Представлена авторская интерпретация метода определения индекса степени соответствия или подобия языков, заключающегося в определении степени сходства систем языков через количественное соотношение эквивалентных и неэквивалентных языковых единиц. Установлено, что индекс степени соответствия вокализма русского и словацкого языков равен 0,25. Подтверждается тезис о том, что чем ближе языки, тем более узкими и локальными являются различия в их фонетических системах. Индекс степени соответствия вокализма русского и дагестанских языков равен -0,7, что свидетельствует о значительной отдаленности сопоставляемых языков. Системные сопоставления можно считать в обоих случаях одновременно значимыми и «противоинтерференционными».
ЭКСПРЕССИВНОСТЬ КАК ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКАЯ КАТЕГОРИЯ
Authors: Бухаджиева О.А. , Довлеткиреева Л.М.
Published: October 2023

В статье представлены теоретические положения, связанные с категорией экспрессивности в языке, в частности - в языке художественной литературы. Этот термин, несмотря на то что давно находится в центре исследовательской парадигмы лингвистики и литературоведения, не получил однозначной трактовки. По этой причине разработка данной темы является актуальной. Авторы представляют различные дефиниции термина «экспрессивность» в лингвистике и приводят существующие классификации. Большинство ученых дифференцируют понятия «экспрессивность» и «эмоциональность». По их мнению, экспрессивность – это усилитель выразительности текста, она помогает усилить воздействие на читателя, увеличивает изобразительность. В статье приводятся точки зрения ученых-лингвистов относительно соотношения понятий «экспрессивность», «эмоциональность» и «выразительность».
ATLAS DIGITAL DA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA DO TOCANTINS
Authors: Cezar Candido da Silva Julio , Cabral da Silva Júnior José Luiz , Silva Leda Veronica Benevides Dantas , Monteiro da Silva Yago , Crystielle Rodrigues Martins Samila , Gonçalves Bispo Cássio
Published: October 2023

Conhecer a evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) tem se tornado cada vez mais importante diante dasvariabilidades climáticas, do aumento das áreas irrigadas, da necessidade de otimizar o uso da água e doaprimoramento das técnicas de manejo hídrico para a irrigação. O método de Penman-Monteith é utilizado emvárias partes do mundo para determinar a ETo, sendo considerado o método padrão recomendado pela FAO.Contudo, para a sua aplicação requer que as variáveis climáticas sejam as mais completas para gerar aestimativa da referência e diante da ausência de dados meteorológicos completos em várias estaçõesmeteorológicas, buscou-se aqui gerar um mapa temático da ETo para o estado do Tocantins a partir de métodosalternativos, com intuito de garantir uma estimativa de referência mais aproximada do preconizado. Para tal,foram testados os métodos de Ivanov e de Hargreaves-Samani para todas as regiões do Tocantins. Com osobjetivos de gerar o Atlas digital da evapotranspiração de referência para o Estado do Tocantins. E validarmétodos alternativos de estimativa. Para avaliar as estimadas de ETo, pelos métodos Ivanov e HargreavesSamani em comparação ao padrão FAO, foram utilizados dados climatológicos diários de 11 estaçõesmeteorológicas do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia – INMET, todas distribuídas no estado do Tocantinscom no mínimo de dez anos de dados. Também foram utilizados os dados climatológicos de reanálise doNCEP/NCAR, em uma série temporal de 30 anos. A avaliação dos modelos foi baseada nas seguintesferramentas estatísticas: regressão linear (r), coeficiente de determinação (r²); erro padrão de estimativa (EPE);índice de concordância (d). Os dados meteorológicos, salvos em planilhas do Excel 2019, foram trabalhadosem scripts na linguagem Python 3.8. na IDE Jupyter Notbook 6.0.3. A partir da validação dos métodos, osmesmos foram usados para gerar os mapas temáticos da ETo. Com base nas avaliações realizadas, os métodosde Ivanov e Hargreaves-Samani se apresentaram satisfatórios como alternativas ao PM-FAO para o Estado doTocantins. A equação Hargreaves-Samani apresentou melhor ajuste em relação a Ivanov no período deestiagem. Foram gerados mapas temáticos da ETo mensais e anual. O método Hargreaves- Samani foi ométodo que melhor substituiu o método Penman-Monteith FAO56 para a estimativa de evapotranspiração dereferência no Estado do Tocantins em qualquer época do ano.
Skąd się bierze wdzięczność?
Authors: Prot-Klinger Katarzyna
Published: October 2023

W tekście odnoszę się do klasycznego tekstu Melanii Klein Zawiść i wdzięczność i współczesnej dyskusji w ramach psychoanalizy na temat tych pojęć psychologicznych. Psychologiczną pracę nad przywracaniem wdzięczności pokazuję poprzez doświadczenia Ocalałego z Auschwitz. Odnoszę się także do aktualnego dyskursu społecznego, w którym konstrukty zawiści i wdzięczności pełnią ważną funkcję.
(nie)Wdzięczność, sztuka i konsumpcja
Authors: Koczanowicz Dorota , Koczanowicz Leszek
Published: October 2023

Artykuł dotyczy jedzenia w kontekście konsumpcjonizmu i jego krytyki. Osnową rozważań jest film Menu. Fabuła filmu posłużyła do stawiania zasadniczych pytań o mechanizmy współczesnej kultury konsumpcji. Autorzy odwołali się do koncepcji społeczeństwa kapitalistycznego Herberta Marcusego, a szczególnie do kategorii represyjnej desublimacji. Restauracje oferujące wykwintne jedzenie (fine dining) stawiają sobie za cel stworzenia możliwości całościowego doświadczenia bliskiego doświadczeniu sztuki. Ceną takiej koncepcji gastronomi jest często nie tylko gigantyczny rachunek, ale też wyzysk pracowniczy i przemoc. Kryzys tego tylu wskazuje z jednej strony, na ekonomiczne uwarunkowania konsumpcjonizmu, ale z drugiej też na niemożność ucieczki od sprzeczności kultury społeczeństwa kapitalistycznego, które się z nim wiążą.
Wdzięczność niewdzięczna
Authors: Klinger Michał
Published: October 2023

Wychodząc od pewnych inspiracji źródłowych wespół z Zbigniewem Benedyktowiczem, podjęty będzie problem wdzięczności, jako bądź uwarunkowanej moralnie lub religijnie, bądź raczej „niewdzięcznej” - w znaczeniu uwolnionej od wszelkiej aksjologii. Z analizy znanych w kulturze „przypadków” objawia się wdzięczność, jako cud, rewolta na polu religii i sfery antroposa, zarazem jako jej „pierwiastek” z grupy obejmującej i zbawienie i radość.
Od pieśni Anitry do taranteli
Authors: Partyga Ewa
Published: October 2023

Przedmiotem badawczej refleksji podjętej w artykule są dwie wersje ostatniej sceny z drugiego aktu Domu lalki Henrika Ibsena. Analiza porównawcza pochodzącego z lata 1879 szkicu, w którym Nora Helmer śpiewała i tańczyła pieśń Anitry z Peera Gynta, i opublikowanego wariantu, w którym tańczy tarantelę, ma pokazać zakres i charakter autorskich zmian. Jako jeden z kontekstów tych zmian zaprezentowano także syntetycznie pracę Vilhelma Bergsøe na temat tarantyzmu (1865), najprawdopodobniej znaną Ibsenowi. Analizę motywu taranteli oparto na współczesnych badaniach nad tarantelą i tarantyzmem. W artykule postawiono tezę, że Ibsen zachował wszystkie sensy zawarte w wersji brulionowej, lecz rozdystrybuował je w inny sposób w tekście dramatu, a jednocześnie – poprzez zmianę motywu muzyczno-tanecznego – powiększył liczbę interferujących ze sobą kontekstów. Znaczącym zmianom uległy również relacje między postaciami dramatu. Rezygnacja z egzotyzacji i wprowadzenie taranteli jako motywu bardziej otwartego na performatywne dookreślenia i mniej ustabilizowanego semantycznie niż pieśń Anitry przyczyniła się do znacznego poszerzenia możliwości interpretacyjnych.
Wdzięcznym krokiem
Authors: Krupa Maciej
Published: October 2023

Stany Zjednoczone nie są krajem, który kojarzy się z chodzeniem. A jednak można poznawać Amerykę na piechotę. Matt Greene przemierzył pieszo wszystkie ulice Nowego Jorku. Paul Auster kazał bohaterowi swojej powieści kompulsywnie chodzić po tym mieście. Henry David Thoreau i John Muir stali się w XIX stuleciu ojcami założycielami chodzenia po Ameryce. Trzy długodystansowe szlaki przecinające USA, przyciągają co roku tysiące wędrowców. Mają też swoich bohaterów. Wędrówka na długich dystansach powoduje stan szczególnej intensywności doznań, wyłączenie z rzeczywistości, specyficzny stan ciała i umysłu. Jak napisał Thoreau „tylko nieliczni wiedzą, czym jest prawdziwe chodzenie”. Wielki Marsz, który opisuje Stephen King, jest grą, która jednych zabija, a innych ocala przed śmiercią.