bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
français dans la géopolitique méditerranéenne
Authors: Renard Raymond
Published: March 2023

Selon la vision écologique contemporaine des langues (L.-J. Calvet), la langue française, qui ne se circonscrit pas à la France, fait partie de la dizaine de langues « supercentrales » existantes. Elle est, avec l’anglais, la seule langue parlée sur les cinq continents, et dans le cadre du Bassin Méditerranéen, l’arabe et le français sont les deux seules langues locales potentiellement internationales. La tendance hégémonique de l’anglais est toutefois évidente, mais, d’une part, cette langue est souvent réduite à une fonctionnalité limitée et, d’autre part, comme toutes les langues, elle véhicule un ordre de pensée. Il s’ensuit que le véritable enjeu n’est pas celui du français contre l’anglais, mais celui du « plurilinguisme contre l’uniformité ».

Au demeurant, le plurilinguisme s’inscrit dans le cadre du véritable changement de paradigme linguistique qui, en ce début du XXIe siècle, a substitué à la logique de l’unilinguisme, unilatéraliste, propre au colonialisme, celle du plurilinguisme, émancipatrice, multilatéraliste. Fortes de cette option explicite et délibérée, les Institutions internationales (UNESCO, UE, Conseil de l’Europe…) promeuvent la connaissance des langues étrangères, mais soulignent également l’importance de la langue maternelle.

Pour ce qui est du français, la démarche se traduit par une conception renouvelée et du statut de la langue et des fonctions qu’on lui assigne. Le français devient langue en partage et langue médiatrice, pouvant être performatrice de par les valeurs qu’elle véhicule. Ce principe s’avère en effet d’autant plus porteur qu’ainsi conçue, la langue française, non certes de par sa nature mais par son histoire, véhicule des valeurs éthiques (qui souvent, comme en témoigne la création lexicale, ont d’abord été désignées et définies en français) et a des moyens d’expression répondant aux besoins de la res publica. Le libellé de la Constitution française est explicite à cet égard – Le français est la langue de la République (non d’un territoire ou de l’État) –, et fait ainsi « référence à un type précis de rapport » (Klinkenberg) entre langue et conception de société.

Dans cette perspective, l’institution de la Francophonie devient un atout majeur pour la langue française (Renard, 2011). Le français constitue, en effet, un lien de communication entre les pays adhérents, mais la langue française s’avère également, et d’abord, un outil efficient pour le développement de la pensée critique, et pour la défense des libertés et des valeurs humanistes. La Francophonie constitue, dès lors, « un témoignage de solidarité face à la logique coloniale […] et dès sa naissance, une idée subversive » (Boutros Boutros-Ghali). Elle porte un projet culturel fondé sur les valeurs universelles d’un humanisme respectueux des droits de la personne et des groupes sociaux. Ce projet draine l’espoir que la diffusion du français favorisera le développement, l’épanouissement des peuples qui l’adoptent.
FORECASTING LINEAR DYNAMICS OF SINO-PAK RELATIONS (2023-2038)
Authors: Ali Dr. Yousaf , Qazi Raza Rahman Khan , Khan Imran
Published: March 2023

The relations between China and Pakistan have frequently been compared to the Himalayas in height, the Indian Ocean in depth, and even the relationship between brothers in terms of sweetness. The relationship between China and Pakistan has often been referred to by its leaders as a "all-weather friendship.". However, in the final analysis relations between and among states are determined by respective national interests, or, to put it another way, by reason rather than passion. The framework of national interest must therefore be used in any analysis of Sino-Pak relations. In order to forecast where Sino-Pak relations will be in the next 10years, the article gives an overview of Sino-Pak relations using a linear paradigm. The article has two sections. The first section charts out the trajectory of incumbent relations and its foreshadowing ties between the two countries in the third term of President Xi Jinping. The second sections more closely focuses on the trajectory of relations over 10 year period.
An electrochemical sensing platform based on a modified carbon paste electrode with graphene/Co3O4 nanocomposite for sensitive propranolol determination
Authors: Karami-Kolmoti Parisa , Zaeimbashi Reza
Published: March 2023

A simple and sensitive method for the determination of propranolol using a modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) with graphene/Co3O4 nanocomposite (Gr-Co3O4 NC/CPE) was presented. The electrochemical measurements of propranolol are studied using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CHA). The Gr-Co3O4 NC/CPE exhibits excellent catalytic activity towards the electrochemical oxidation of propranolol in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 7.0. The Gr-Co3O4 NC/CPE facilitates the determination of propranolol in the concentration range 1.0–300.0 μM and a detection limit and sensitivity of 0.3 μM. and 0.1275 μA/μM were achieved.
Respuesta diferencial de la Lechucita Vizcachera (Athene cunicularia) a vocalizaciones heteroespecíficas
Authors: Baladrón Alejandro V. , Cavalli Matilde , Bó María Susana , Isacch Juan Pablo
Published: March 2023

For many bird species, auditory signals of conspecifics represent a valuable source of information about habitat quality, resource availability, and potential risks in their environments. Some species can also recognize and interpret signals from heterospecifics, thus improving their perception of the environment. Such is the case of the Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia), which uses the alarm vocalizations of the Southern Lapwing (Vanellus chilensis) as an indicator of potential risk. We carried out an experimental field study to determine if burrowing owls differentially respond to lapwing sounds when compared to other sympatric birds. We exposed burrowing owl individuals to a random sequence of sounds that included three treatments: alarm calls from Southern Lapwing, Monk Parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus), and Rufous Hornero (Furnarius rufus), and recorded their responses as alert or relaxed behaviors. We found a differential response of burrowing owls to lapwings’ vocalizations over those of parakeets and horneros. This response was verified by a longer duration of the alert state, an increase in the frequency of vigilance events, and a longer recovery time towards the relaxed state after the lapwings’ sound treatment. The Burrowing Owl-Lapwing association could respond to a mutually beneficial interaction: owls could improve their perception of predation risk by relying on lapwings’ alarm calls as an early warning of danger, and lapwings might obtain a higher level of protection by associating with a top predator.
CORRESPONSABILIDAD DEL DOCENTE DE PROYECTOS PRODUCTIVOS EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA VOCACIONALIDAD DEL ESTUDIANTE
Authors: Edgar Eliecer Cañas Pinto
Published: March 2023

El presente proceso investigativo se sustentó en una serie de postulados, entre los que se destacan el Desarrollo Endógeno (potenciar capacidades internas de una región y/o comunidad)  la Teoría de la Autorrealización del individuo y el desarrollo integral de sus posibilidades personales de Maslow, donde la vocación se considera una disposición de logro, por lo cual se trazó el objetivo de estudiar la corresponsabilidad del docente de Proyecto Productivo en la construcción de la vocacionalidad del estudiante. El estudio se enmarcó metodológicamente como una investigación documental dentro de las técnicas de investigación cualitativa que permitió recopilar y seleccionar información a través de la consulta de diversas fuentes; de tal manera que se establecieron los procesos de análisis, síntesis y deducción con el fin de organizar y construir ideas, generando nuevos conocimientos sobre la base de la propia experiencia como Docente del área en estudio. Por tal motivo, se contó con el aporte tanto personal como con la contribución de diferentes autores para dilucidar con relación a la responsabilidad del docente de la referida área para orientar gustos, motivaciones e intereses; obligación moral que recae principalmente en este profesional que igualmente enfrenta las adversidades sociales y económicas que inciden en las estrategias pedagógicas que desarrolla en su jornada laboral. En consecuencia, se convierte en un aporte didáctico para fomentar la Orientación Vocacional y Ocupacional en respuesta a las exigencias del entorno.
Humanized nursing care in hospitalized patients
Authors: Catota Tiban Pablo Andrés , Guarate Coronado Yeisy Cristina
Published: March 2023

Introduction: the hospitalized patient demands a series of specialized care that only the patient can supply during the hospital stay. Although treatment efforts are focused on the biological part, a significant reduction within the human aspect of the person cannot be allowed. Humanized care must be holistic and comprehensive so that hospital experiences are less traumatic.
Objectives: the objective of the study was to analyze the perspective of the hospitalized patient in relation to the humanized care provided by the nursing professional.
Method: descriptive quantitative field research with cross section. The object population was 240 participants in different hospital units, the sample was made up of 200 patients selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collection was carried out through a structured survey (PCHE) using a 4-point Likert scale, later the data was tabulated in the SPSS program. The research was framed within the bioethical aspects established in the Declaration of Helsinki.
Results: as a result, it was obtained that nursing professionals had greater acceptability and credibility in gynecology and pediatric services, this being a positive aspect in humanized care.
Conclusion: finally, it is concluded that the work of the nurse is of utmost importance in the daily care of the hospitalized patient, humanized care is a specialized responsibility where the nurse must implement the skills to communicate effectively, which reduces the chances of that the patient experiences a torturous and negative stay
PERANCANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN LAGU DAERAH DENGAN ANIMASI INTERAKTIF MENGGUNAKAN ADOBE FLASH
Authors: Dharmalau Andy , Nurlaela Lela , Handojo Verawati
Published: March 2023

The Indonesia has cultural diversity according to existing regions, one of which is folk songs. It takes the participation of teachers in schools for the introduction and learning of culture in order to remain sustainable. SD Negeri Pejagalan 05 Elementary School Jakarta, has not yet developed computerized learning media for cultural subjects, especially folk songs. Teaching about culture, especially folk songs in schools only focuses on theoretical giving. At the time when learning arts and culture experienced quite a lot of difficulties considering the diversity of regional cultures in the archipelago. The use of learning media as a learning aid is very much needed, while the tools for introducing culture are also very minimal. Based on observations, interviews and analysis of this study using the PIECES theory. Researchers develop learning media in the form of animation, using Adobe Flash CS6 software. In this animation, the material in the form of text and audio is accompanied by an image in the form of a map of Indonesia. The result of this research is the creation of an interactive application of learning folk songs with the Adobe Flash Professional CS6 program. The implementation of the application is made according to expectations
La no devolución de lo pagado a los afiliados al Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social cuando han sido atendidos en casos de emergencia por prestadores externos de salud
Authors: Ávila Villacís Vanessa , Vallejo Cárdenas Paola
Published: March 2023

La presente investigación se realizó con la finalidad de analizar el derecho que tienen las y los afiliadas al Seguro Social a la compensación por atenciones médicas en caso de emergencia por servidores externos de salud, compensación que fue eliminada mediante la Resolución No. C.D.317 denominada “Reglamento para el pago por servicios de salud en casos de emergencia concedidos por prestadores externos a los asegurados del IESS”; a través de un enfoque cualitativo y utilizando los métodos explicativo y descriptivo se estudió la seguridad social como un derecho interdependiente con la salud, la dignidad e integridad humana, mismos que se encuentran en evidente vulneración por la mencionada resolución, la cual resulta inconstitucional, puesto que no solo pone en riesgo la salud e integridad de la o el afiliado, sino por considerarse retroactiva en torno a derechos adquiridos y que han sido dispuestos por la normativa nacional, la resolución No. C.D.317 adopta medidas que no permiten un ejercicio pleno de las contingencias que se encuentran previstas como parte esencial de la Seguridad Social, limitando la naturaleza jurídica y finalidad de este derecho.
Las remesas y su efecto en la distribución del ingreso en el Ecuador bajo un enfoque macroeconométrico, 1990-2018
Authors: Lara Haro Diego Marcelo , López Solís Oscar Patricio , Gómez Romo María del Carmen , Mayorga Morales Tito Patricio
Published: March 2023

Las remesas es dinero que envían los trabajadores a sus familias desde el exterior y este contribuye al flujo de dinero en países de ingresos bajos o medios. La desigualdad de ingresos provoca un impacto negativo en el progreso de un país y en la reducción de la pobreza. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar si las remesas inciden en la desigualdad del ingreso en el Ecuador, durante el período 1990 – 2018.  Los datos de las variables se obtuvieron del Banco Central del Ecuador y fueron procesados con el Software Gretl. Se utilizó dos modelos Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios, y dos Modelos Método de momentos generalizados con variables instrumentales para contrarrestar problemas de endogeneidad. Los resultados confirman la hipótesis planteada, que las remesas aumentan la desigualdad al principio de la etapa migratoria, y que en un momento posterior la reducen. Concluyendo que el comportamiento de la desigualdad de ingreso presentó las mismas fluctuaciones de las remesas como participación de PIB, especialmente en el año 1999.
futuro recobrado para la Educación en México
Authors: Didriksson Axel
Published: March 2023

En este artículo se abordan dos periodos de intento de reforma al sistema educativo nacional, el correspondiente a los gobiernos del Partido Acción Nacional (PAN) y del Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) anteriores al actual, y de Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO). Se trata de una visión de análisis retrospectivo, y otro de tipo prospectivo sobre las bases programáticas de la nueva propuesta de reforma educativa. Para ello, se realiza un recorrido alrededor de la propuesta formulada durante el gobierno de Felipe Calderón, la cual fue retomada por el gobierno de Peña Nieto, bajo la condición de una reforma «estructural» no educativa, que buscaba, en lo esencial, controlar los términos de las negociaciones laborales con el magisterio, y solo al final de ese sexenio se propuso un nuevo «modelo educativo», que tampoco resultó ser tan nuevo. Aquí se presentan los términos en los que está impulsándose la nueva reforma educativa del gobierno de AMLO y, en la medida que esta se encuentra en ciernes en sus términos prácticos y de política pública, se formula un conjunto de propuestas relacionadas con lo que el autor considera temas esenciales que deben estar contenidos en una auténtica reforma educativa, no solo de carácter sexenal sino de Estado, esto es, transexenal.
Virtual Reality as a Teaching and Scientific Dissemination Tool - First results
Authors: Tizuca Michelle Mayumi , Sassi Victor F. P. , Clua Esteban W. G. , Medeiros João P. M. , Tavares Gabriel , Salgado Luciana C. C. , Trevisan Daniela , Sigaud Lucas M. , Nogueira Erica C.
Published: March 2023

Virtual reality has been increasingly widely used in teaching applications, various knowledge areas, and scientific dissemination. Based on this, a collaboration emerged between Casa da Descoberta the Federal Fluminense University's science museum, based at the Physics Institute, and MediaLab, a laboratory specializing in Virtual Reality content at the Computer Science Institute. The original objective was to incorporate a Virtual Reality environment into the museum, so that content from different areas of science is made available to any visitors, including scholars, which are the largest share of visitors. The project includes the installation of several Virtual Reality stations in the museum's physical space and the development of games within the scientific approach. Four games have already been developed and are available for first playing tests presented in this paper.
Treatment and Disease-related Complications in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Al Kayyali Lamees , Abu Diak Zaid , Abu Diak Osama , Krawczyk Janusz
Published: March 2023

Multiple myeloma is a clonal plasma cell neoplasm that is mainly characterized by anemia, renal insufficiency, hypercalcemia, and bone destruction. Since 1990, there is an increase in the incidence of myeloma globally by 126%. However, due to the presence of the new therapeutic agents such as proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, bispecific antibodies, bisphosphonates, corticosteroids, melfulfen, iberdomide, cyclophosphamide, plerixafor, melphalan chemotherapy, nuclear transport inhibitor, and monoclonal antibodies, as well as upfront autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in eligible patients, a decline in the age-standardized mortality rate has been seen. This leads to higher survival rates of patients with multiple myeloma in the last 15 years, and hence, patients with multiple myeloma for 10–15 years are no longer rare. However, it has been observed that even though the treatment goal was to prevent end-organ damage, improve or maintain quality of life (QoL), and achieve long-term disease-free survival; thus, new treatments have converted myeloma into a chronic disease, such as peripheral neuropathy (PN), venous thromboembolism, and cardiac toxicity. Notably, most patients remain on continuous treatment for extended time periods, which leads to various complications. Hence, management of immediate and late complications from disease and treatment is a critical component of survivorship care in myeloma.
Perspective Chapter: The Complex Architecture of a Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: J. Reynolds Leighton
Published: March 2023

This is a perspective chapter that explores the crucial importance of understanding the full impact and architecture of a traumatic brain injury, beginning with the conception of a “Shock Trauma.” This architecture is followed by the brain/mind architecture of “electrical and chemical disruptions in the brain,” the brain/mind architecture of “homeostasis, allostasis, and allostatic load causing further disruptions in brain and mind functioning,” and the brain/mind architecture of the “perfect storm” in the brain. Each architecture represents a stage in the toxic, cascading progression of a traumatic brain injury. It is generally not understood that traumatic brain injuries are not static events and that they can quickly become neurodegenerative disease processes, especially if they are not treated. Over time, these Four Architectures fold into one another creating huge challenges for the healing process. The conception of the Four Architectures is well illustrated through the case of a 20 year-old female who suffered a brain hemorrhage at age 7. Unfortunately, no follow-up was considered after a year of treatment. Her case identifies the importance of understanding the toxic, cascading progression of a traumatic brain injury through the Four Architectures, and how serious a condition this can become. Finally, the author discusses how brain injuries are different from all other types of injuries to a person, because of their neurodegenerative nature. And that these injuries need to be understood in a very different light, with a great deal more follow-up.
Mercury Contamination and Spill-Over at Human-Wildlife-Environment Interface
Authors: Tamale Andrew , Okello Justine , Sente Celsus
Published: March 2023

Man’s quest for energy demands that fuel for running machines and cooking is vital for mankind. Oil and coal have served this energy quest for time immemorial. This oil quest has been present in the Albertine Graben since 1920, threatening biodiversity spots, terrestrial wildlife, and aquatic resources. The current book chapter provides insights into the spatial distribution of potentially toxic elements (Mercury) in terrestrial and marine species and the health risk posed to terrestrial and aquatic species due to oil exploitation.
Breeding of Major Legume Crops through Conventional and Molecular Techniques
Authors: Prakash Satya , Mehandi Suhel , S. Janeja Harmeet
Published: March 2023

Legume crops are universally applicable for human and animal food and sustenance because of their relatively high protein and essential amino acid content. Furthermore, they have been linked to sustainable agriculture, noting their ability to bind to atmospheric nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Despite this, several technical limitations of leguminous crops keep their world production far behind that of cereals. This chapter of the book focuses on current developments in breeding and biotechnology of major legume crops. Conventional breeding has primarily set out to recover a number of vegetative and reproductive traits that are associated with different heritability values, which reflect how susceptible each character is to genetic improvement. In conclusion, legume breeding programs using classical breeding methods and biotechnological tools face a promising boost for further application of knowledge and information that may boost their overall production. In plant breeding, the development of improved crop varieties is limited by very long periods of cultivation. Therefore, to increase crop breeding efficiency, they are using new strategies such as high-throughput phenotyping and molecular breeding tools. In this chapter, recent findings on various aspects of crop improvement, plant breeding practices, to explain the development of conventional and molecular techniques.
Anesthesiology for Trauma Medicine: Roles, Medications, Airway Management, and Multidisciplinary Team Coordination
Authors: Reese Vanessa , B. Bauerle Wayne , P. Allsbrook Anthony , Hwang Jennifer , Hehar Prabhdeep
Published: March 2023

Given the complex nature of trauma, a highly organized, multidisciplinary approach is necessary to ensure the best possible outcomes. Anesthesia providers play a critical role in the management and effective treatment of trauma patients. This chapter will address both the multidisciplinary and multitiered management of trauma patients with a focus on the intersection of trauma staff and anesthesia in three phases: the initial evaluation (i.e., in the bay), intraoperative care, and postoperative care. Included is a brief discussion on more recent methodologies and newly incorporated technologies in the resuscitation of trauma patients.
Effect of Cattle-Specific Diseases on Carcass Inspection and Meat Quality
Authors: Kashif Yar Muhammad , Mahmood Mubarik , Ijaz Muawuz , Hayat Jaspal Muhammad , Rafique Zayrah , Hussain Badar Iftikhar , Rafique Kanwal
Published: March 2023

There are severe cattle-specific viral (foot and mouth, vesicular stomatitis, rinderpest, rift valley fever, malignant catarrhal fever, lumpy skin, rabies, bovine leukosis, bovine viral diarrhea, and bovine spongiform encephalopathy), bacterial (tuberculosis, black quarter, botulism, malignant oedema, leptospirosis, brucellosis, anthrax, hemogenic septicemia, actinomycosis, actinobacillosis, mastitis, and metritis), parasitic (lungworm, fasciolosis, cysticercosis, hydatid disease, and onchocercosis), and protozoal (trypanosomiasis, theileriosis, anaplasmosis, babesiosis, and sarcosporidiosis) diseases that affect the carcass judgment and meat quality. These diseases adversely affect cattle health, welfare, and red meat production. This chapter aims to describe the etiology, mode of transmission, ante-mortem and post-mortem findings, carcass and meat quality judgment, and differential diagnosis of these diseases.
Nurses Work System Optimization: Macroergonomics Perspective
Authors: Garosi Ehsan
Published: March 2023

The hospital work system as a complex sociotechnical system has been an interesting research environment for human factor/ergonomic researchers. In this chapter dimensions of nurses’ work system elements were presented and Macroergonomics approaches were pointed out to optimize the interaction between nurses and other system elements. From Macroergonomics perspectives, human factor researchers would be able to identify and categorize health and performance issues through a systematic approach. Researchers are believed that this approach was not shown positive results initially, therefore a low-hanging fruit strategy is recommended. Decomposing work system elements is a potential opportunity to track the balance in the hospital nurse work system by considering these elements for redesigning work systems and applying appropriate interventions.
Cassava and Microalgae Use in the Food Industry: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Rakhmi Sefrienda Ardiba , Kurnianto Dedy , Jasmadi Jasmadi , Frediansyah Andri
Published: March 2023

Cassava is a good source of carbohydrates and a staple diet in many countries. It has a high-calorie count but a low protein and fat content. Microalgae biomass is increasingly being used in the food business industry due to its ease of production, low carbon requirements, and small footprint. The usage of microalgae in combination with cassava is becoming more common as it can boost the amount of nutrients in processed cassava products. In this chapter, we discuss the development of cassava products that combine cassava with microalgae. Furthermore, cassava waste contains carbohydrates, which can be used as a carbon source for the development of microalgae. Cassava starch, when modified to become cationic cassava starch, has the potential to be used as a flocculant agent for the separation of microalgal biomass. Cassava starch is also well-known for being a low-cost source of bioplastics. This chapter also addresses the possibilities for microalgae and cassava to be used as bioplastics in the same way.
I smittspridningens spår
Authors: Wall Erika , Hobbins Jennifer
Published: March 2023

Baserat på trettiotre djupintervjuer med undersköterskor, sjuksköterskor och läkare analyseras betydelsen av smittspridningen av sars-coronavirus-2 för arbete inom vård- och omsorgssektorn i Sverige. Resultaten visar att arbetssituationen upplevs som i grunden förändrad vilket inkluderar relationer till patienter (hygien, vårdplanering), anhöriga (kontakt) och kollegor emellan (personalplanering, kommunikation). Samtidigt beskrivs arbetet fortgå som vanligt i relation till patienter (hygien, nära vård, medicinering). Utifrån en diskussion kring betydelsen arbetsintensifiering och flexibilitet bidrar analysen till en förståelse för dynamiken mellan kontinuitet och förändring på mikronivå, i det vardagliga, praktiska arbetet för personal inom vård och omsorgssektorn i Sverige.
Reflections
Authors: Quain David
Published: March 2023

I’m delighted that these notes accompany the first issue - in the 129th volume - of the new JIB published by the Institute of Brewing & Distilling.  As noted previously in Reflections, all papers are ‘open access’ without any fees for the authors or readers!  The new website - https://jib.ibd.org.uk/index.php/jib - is powered by PKP (Public Knowledge Project) in tandem with OJS (Open Journal Systems, used by > 30,000 journals worldwide).  The front end of the workflow (from submission to rejection or acceptance) continues with ScholarOne with papers being managed to publication through OJS. 
The transition to the new system has inevitably had its fair share of challenges.  Although, the ‘heavy lifting’ is done, some fine tuning remains to be worked through.  Of the upsides, having editorial control over publications and the website is a significant benefit.  Further, in addition to being open access, papers in JIB will benefit from more extensive ‘meta data’ than in the past which will step change visibility to search engines. 
Over the last five months, launching the new JIB has been a team effort.  Big thanks to Steve Curtis and, especially, Dan Griffiths for masterminding the transition - via numerous ‘Teams’ meetings - to the OJS website and Oliver Bremner for his expertise in creating the papers as stylish pdfs with improved readability.  It’s been a steep learning curve but the unfamiliar is becoming increasingly familiar.
Evaluating the HIV continuum of care and treatment in a low prevalence city in Iran:
Authors: MIRZAZADEH ALI , HOSSEINI HOOSHYAR SAMIRA , RANJBAR EBRAHIM , SHARIFI HAMID , SHAFIEI MEHDI , TAYERI KATAYOUN , HAGHDOOST ALIAKBAR , RUTHERFORD GEORGE W. , MIRZAZADEH ALI
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

The Kerman HIV-Friendly City (KHFC) is a five-year multi-disciplinary population-level intervention designed to meet the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets by 2020. This study was a baseline assessment of the KHFC and analyzed the cascade of HIV testing, treatment and retention.

METHODS

We reviewed reported HIV cases in Kerman city from 1997 to 2016. We calculated the numbers of cases with an HIV diagnosis, enrolled in HIV care within six months, initiated on antiretroviral treatment (ART), retained on ART at 12 months, and with suppressed viral load after 12 months on ART. We estimated the number of people living with HIV (PLWH) using point and uncertainty intervals (UI) for national PLWH estimates.

RESULTS

We estimated 1113 (UI 762-1982) PLWH in Kerman, of whom 437 (39.3%, UI 22.0 -57.3%) had been diagnosed, 347 (31.2%, UI 17.5-45.5%) had enrolled in care, 190 (17.1%, UI 9.6-24.9%) had initiated ART, 112 (10.1%, UI 5.7-14.7%) remained on ART, and 81 (7.3%, UI 4.1-10.6%) were virally suppressed. People who inject drugs (PWID) had the lowest indicators compared to other groups. In 2016, 23 people (43.5% male, 87.0% _25 years old, 17.4% PWID, and 26.1% heterosexuals) were diagnosed with HIV. Of these, 22 enrolled in care, 19 initiated ART, 18 remained on ART and seven were virally suppressed.

CONCLUSION

HIV diagnosis is the biggest gap in the HIV continuum of care and treatment in Kerman. Recent improvements in HIV care and treatment need to be intensified to achieve 90-90-90 targets.
The methodological and practical concerns of conducting an integrated bio-behavioural survey with female sex workers:
Authors: MAKHAKHE NOSIPHO FAITH , GRASSO MIKE , MALEKE KABELO , STRUTHERS HELEN , MCINTYRE JAMES , LANE TIM
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Globally, HIV prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs) is higher than in the general population, makingHIV research among FSWs an important undertaking. However, due to the stigma associated with sexwork, FSWs are a hidden population difficult to engage in research studies. This formative research studyconsidered methodological practices that were acceptable and suitable to FSWs and that would ensure optimalparticipation in the South African Health Monitoring Study (SAHMS), an integrated biological-behaviouralsurvey (IBBS).

METHODS

The study was conducted in Durban, Johannesburg and Cape Town in 2013. Through purposive sampling, 91FSWs participated in focus group discussions. Twenty-one researchers and stakeholders working closely withFSWs and FSWs themselves participated in in-depth interviews. Data was collected using a semi-structuredqualitative interview guide.

RESULTS

Respondent-driven sampling was cited as the preferred recruitment method. Participants providedrecommendations on IBBS study procedures, study logistics and the disposition of study staff. The majority ofparticipants were confident that FSWs enrolled in IBBS would be willing to test for HIV, as well as accept theuse of biometrics and laptops. Participants’ concerns about confidentiality and study staff attitudes were citedas common barriers to participation.

CONCLUSION

Participation of FSWs in an IBBS is important to determine HIV prevalence and inform preventionstrategies. Using a participatory approach to engage FSWs in research studies can help ensure ethicalresearch implementation, inform methodological best practices and increase recruitment and participation.Including FSWs in the planning and implementation of surveys can contribute to their sense of communityempowerment.
The return response on gold and crude oil during global geopolitical issues
Authors: Ari Azarya Putra , Siwu Jordy , Sambur Merlyn Sari , Kawulur Sisilia Kristiana
Published: March 2023

The geopolitical issues together with the COVID-19 pandemic in earlier of 2022 triggered instability in the world economy. The objective of this study is to analyze the correlation and response of the returns of firms in the energy sector to changes in gold and crude oil prices. The observed data is drawn over the period June 2021 to June 2022 on the monthly basis for 68 listed firms in the energy sector, gold prices, and crude oil prices. This study finds that the changes in gold returns tend not to affect the changes in returns of firms in the energy sector. Reversely, the changes in returns of crude oil significantly affect the changes in returns of firms in the energy sector.
Caderno de memórias coloniais e a representação do/a africano/a
Authors: Da Silva Aida Gomes
Published: March 2023

RESUMO O romance Caderno de Memórias Coloniais (2015) de Isabela Figueiredo, editado em Portugal e no Brasil, foi largamente considerado pela crítica literária como uma denúncia anticolonial. Exaltado pela crueza da sua linguagem e desmascaramento de práticas degradantes dos ex-colonizadores portugueses, a pergunta “a quem serve esta denúncia meio século após o fim do império português?” raramente foi articulada. Neste artigo pretende-se demonstrar, não apenas a extemporaneidade da denúncia, mas a anulação da voz do sujeito negro, cuja objetificação perpetua a reinscrição da sua subalternidade na literatura contemporânea portuguesa. Num tom pretensamente irônico, a autora retoma o modelo de romance colonial da primeira metade do século XX e reinscreve em letras vivas o pensamento de supremacia racial no campo literário contemporâneo português.
Seasonal effect on the accuracy of Land use/Land cover classification in the Bilate Sub-basin, Abaya-Chamo Basin, Rift valley Lakes Basin of Ethiopia.
Authors: Yimer Alemeshet Kebede , Haile Alemseged Tamiru , Hatiye Samuel Dagalo , Azeref Assefa Gedle
Published: March 2023

A correct and timely land use/land cover (LULC) classification provides indispensable information for the effective management of environmental and natural resources. However, earlier studies mapped the LULC map of Bilate Sub-basin using remote sensing images that were acquired for a single season. Hence, these studies did not consider the seasonal effects on the accuracy of LULC classification. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate changes inclassification accuracy for images acquired during wet and dry seasons in the Bilate Sub-basin. LULC of the study area was classified using the Landsat 8 satellite imageries. Based on field observations, we classified the LULC of the study area into 9 dominant classes. The classification for the two seasons resulted in a noticeable difference between the LULC composition of the study area because of seasonal differences in the classification accuracy. The overall accuracy of theLULC maps was 80%for the wet season and 90% for the dry season with Kappa coefficient values of 0.8 and 0.9 respectively. Therefore, the two seasons showed a significant difference in the overall accuracy of the classification. However, we discovered that when the classification accuracy was tested locally, that is for individual pixels, the results were not the same. In Bilate Sub-basin, several pixels (14.71%) were assigned to different LULC classes on the two seasonsmaps while 85.29% of the LULC classes remained unaltered in the two maps. According to the classification results, the season had a noticeable effect on the accuracy of LULC classification. This suggests that for LULC classification, multitemporal images should be used rather than a single remote sensing image.
Comparative Performance Evaluation of HEC-HMS and SWAT Models in Stream Flow Simulation: the Case of Bilate and Gidabo Watersheds, Ethiopia
Authors: Doliso Bereket Dora , Hatiye Samuel Dagalo
Published: March 2023

Many hydrological models have been developed to simulate watershed hydrology. However, identifying the most cost-effective and efficient hydrological models for a specific watershed with reasonable certainty becomes difficult. The purpose of this study was to compare the stream flow prediction efficiency of the HEC-HMS and SWAT models, as well as the associated uncertainty, in the Bilate and Gidabo watersheds. Model-sensitive parameters being identified, they were calibrated and validated. The parameter uncertainties were analyzed using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) for HEC-HMS and Sequential Uncertainty Fitting version two (SUF-2) for SWAT. In the case of the HEC-HMS model, the results showed that constant loss rate (CR) was the most sensitive parameter, followed by lag time (LT) for both watersheds. SWAT detected ALPHA_BF in the Bilate Watershed and CN_2 in the Gidabo Watershed as the most sensitive parameters. Overall, both models could adequately simulate the hydrology of both watersheds. Despite their similar modeling capabilities, a comparison analysis revealed that the HEC-HMS model outperformed the SWAT model in simulating streamflow in both watersheds. The findings of this study can help potential model users make risk-informed decisions by selecting a representative model and quantifying associated uncertainty in the modeling field.
Response of onion (Allium CepaL.) to soil moisture stress condition at different growth stages in the central Highland Vertisols Areas of Ethiopia.
Authors: Haile Ashebir , Tegenu Gebeyehu , Gezi Solomon
Published: March 2023

Improving water use efficiency is an important strategy for addressing future water scarcity. Therefore, enhancing agricultural water productivity is a critical response since agriculture is the main consumer of global fresh water. The main objective of this study was to identify sensitive growth stages of onion to soil moisture stress, to determine the critical time for irrigation water application and water use efficiency for onion. The field experiment was conducted for threeconsecutive seasons (2015 – 2017) at main station of Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center. Fifteen treatments were used. It is arranged by stressing application of the crop water requirement during irrigation event with combinations of four growth stages of onion. All treatments were laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications for each treatment. The result revealed that onion bulb yield and water use efficiency were significantly affected at p< 0.05 bydepriving irrigation water at growth stages among the all treatments. The highest bulb yield (23.8 t/ha) was observed from no stress (control) treatment and followed by stressing at initial (22.7 t/ ha) and at maturity stage (21.6 t/ha) with no statistical difference with control. However, the lowest yield was recorded at stressing all stages of the crop growth period except development (6.7 t/ha). There was also a significant differences of water use efficiency (WUE) detected among the treatments. However, the highest WUE (13.84 kg/m3) had been recorded at stressing all stages except initial. Under irrigated onion production, the mid-stage should be regularly monitored as it significantly affects the yield of onion. Besides, in the areas where irrigation water is limited, limiting the amount of water applied during development and maturity sage is the best solution to enhance water productivity without significantly reducing the bulb yield of irrigatedonion.
The Divine Women in Women Talking: Restorative Imagination for a Divine Becoming
Authors: Rabbani Sifat E
Published: March 2023

This paper will examine how Miriam Toews’ 2018 novel, Women Talking builds on its initial themes of women’s subjugation to men, their systematic oppression through religion, and their inability to reclaim their lives, to ultimately evolve into an account of women’s emancipation and divine becoming through the exercise of their restorative imagination. The novel spans two days during which eight women from the ultra-religious and patriarchal Mennonite community of Molotschna in Bolivia engage in several discussions pertaining to different aspects of their lives. These conversations very casually unfold the horror of unimaginable cruelty in the name of religion and unforgiving patriarchy as practiced within their closed community. Keeping this bleak setting in the background, Women Talking is also a tale of these women’s divine becoming, as propounded by Luce Irigaray in her essay, “Divine Women.” The resilience showed on part of these broken and abused women and the unprecedented bold decision to which they collectively arrive towards the end of the novel, is a demonstration of the courage and restorative imagination that they unknowingly harbored within themselves, the exercise of which results ultimately in their divine becoming
NEZARETHANELERİN AVRUPA İŞKENCEYİ ÖNLEME KOMİTESİ STANDARTLARI BAĞLAMINDA TÜRKİYE İNSAN HAKLARI VE EŞİTLİK KURUMU TARAFINDAN İZLENMESİ VE RAPORLANMASI
Authors: YAZAR Ertuğrul
Published: March 2023

İşkenceye Dair Birleşmiş Milletler Sözleşmesi’ne Ek İhtiyari Protokol ve Türkiye İnsan Hakları ve Eşitlik Kurumu Kanunu uyarınca Türkiye’nin “Ulusal Önleme Mekanizması” görevini ifa eden Türkiye İnsan Hakları ve Eşitlik Kurumu, kişilerin özgürlüğünden yoksun bırakıldığı ya da koruma altına alındığı yerlere düzenli aralıklarla ziyaretler düzenlemektedir. Bu yerlerden biri olan nezarethanelere Kurum, 2022 yılı Ağustos ayı sonu itibariyle toplam 22 farklı ilde izleme ziyareti düzenlemiştir. Ziyaretler neticesinde edinilen tespit, gözlem ve şikâyetler ulusal ve uluslararası normlar bağlamında değerlendirilerek rapora bağlanmış ve büyük bir şeffaflıkla kamuoyuyla paylaşılmıştır. Bu raporlarda, muhatap kurumlara yönelik insan hakları ve kötü muamele ihlallerini “önleyici” mahiyette tavsiyeler verilmiştir.
Tavsiyelerin olgunlaşmasında, aynı zamanda İnsan Hakları Eylem Planı’nda “yol gösterici belge” olarak kayda geçen Avrupa İşkenceyi Önleme Komitesi standartlarının dikkate alındığı görülmektedir. Bu standartlar, insan haklarının korunması ve geliştirilmesi, insan onuruna saygı duyulması ile işkence ve kötü muamelenin önlenmesine yönelik olup demokratik toplumlar için büyük bir önemi haizdir. Dolayısıyla Ulusal Önleme Mekanizması olarak Türkiye İnsan Hakları ve Eşitlik Kurumu’nun çalışmaları, hem Avrupa İşkenceyi Önleme Komitesi standartlarının ülke sathında yerleşmesi ve yaygınlaştırılmasını kolaylaştırmakta hem de tüm kurumlar için bir “iyi niyet beyanı” olarak değerlendirilebilecek İnsan Hakları Eylem Planı’nın hayata geçmesine katkı sunmaktadır. Bu bakış açısıyla söz konusu çalışmada, Avrupa İşkenceyi Önleme Komitesi standartlarının önemi ve nezarethaneler özelinde bu standartların neler olduğu aktarılacak, akabinde Türkiye İnsan Hakları ve Eşitlik Kurumu’nun nezarethane ziyaretleri, nezarethane ziyaret raporları ve bu raporlarda yer alan tavsiyeler detaylı bir biçimde ele alınarak analiz edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Leukocyte cell population data as potential markers of COVID-19 disease characterization
Authors: Introcaso Giovanni , Galotta Arianna , Salvini Laura , Faioni Elena , Bonomi Alice , Assanelli Emilio , Biondi Maria
Published: March 2023

Background: The usefulness of leukocyte cell population data (CPD) is currently being investigated. In COVID-19 pandemic several reports showed the clinical importance of hematological parameters. Our study aimed to assess CPDs in Sars CoV-2 patients as new disease markers. Methods: From February to April 2020 (1st wave) 540 and from September to December 2020 (2nd wave) 2821 patients respectively were enrolled. SARS CoV-2 infection diagnosis was carried out by Multiplex rRT-PCR from nasopharyngeal swabs. CPDs were detected by XN 2000 hematology analyzer (Sysmex Corporation). A comparison between two disease waves was performed. Additionally, C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were assayed. Results: CPDs were classified into: cell complextity, DNA/RNA content and abnormal sized cells. We detected parameters increased from the reference population for all cell types for both 1st and 2nd wave (p<0.05). However, in the 2nd vs 1st wave 5 CPDs vs 9 CPDs were found. In addition we observed higher CPD values of the 1st compared to 2nd wave: (NE-SFL) (p<0.001), (LY-Y) (p<0.0001), (LY-Z) (p<0.0001), (MO-X) (p<0.0001), (MO-Y) (p<0.0001). These findings were confirmed by the higher concentrations of CRP and LDH in the 1st vs 2nd wave: 17.3 mg/L (8.5-59.3) vs 6.3 mg/L (2.3-17.6) (p<0.001) and 241.5 IU/L (201-345) vs 195 IU/L (174-228) (p< 0.001) (median, interquartile range) respectively. Conclusions: CPDs showed increased cell activation in 1st wave patients confirmed by clinical and biochemical data, associated with worse clinical conditions. Results highlighted the CPDs as disease characterization markers or useful for a risk model.
MECANISMOS LABORALES DEL EMPLEO AGRÍCOLA EN LAS RELACIONES URBANO–RURALES, SUR DEL ESTADO DE TLAXCALA (MÉXICO). 2010-2018
Authors: Alvarado Méndez Ma. Concepción , Delgadillo Javier
Published: March 2023

The aim of this article is to analyze the structural mechanisms of agricultural employment associated with processes of territorial reconfiguration of the urban-rural labor market which affect the population of municipalities such as Zacatelco, Papalotla de Xicohténcatl and Xicohtzinco (in the south of the state of Tlaxcala, México). In this regard, the variables of working time, income and type of activity that are framed in the urban-rural continuum by the flexibilization and changes in the multi-active condition of the rural labor force, are of particular importance.
The methodology used is based on i) official statistical information bases, ii) key informant interviews, and a iii) sampling randomly based-from on the register of shareholder of common land and landowners.
The results show that, from 2010 to 2018, the population better positioned in non-agricultural activities was affected by a significant increase in surplus working time and a significant change in the quality of their jobs, occupying the low-profile jobs and displacing the population that depended on the latter for reproduction.

El artículo se propone analizar los mecanismos estructurales del empleo agrícola asociados a procesos de reconfiguración territorial del mercado laboral urbano-rural, que afectaron a la población de los municipios de Zacatelco, Papalotla de Xicohténcatl y Xicohtzinco (sur del estado de Tlaxcala, México). En ello, son protagónicas las variables de tiempo de trabajo, ingresos y tipo de actividad que en el continuum urbano-rural se enmarcan por la flexibilización y cambios en la condición multiactiva de la fuerza laboral rural.
La metodología se basó en: i) el uso de bases de información estadística oficial, ii) entrevistas a informantes clave para reconocer los cambios en la estructura socio-productiva de la región, y iii) la aplicación de un muestreo aleatorio proveniente del padrón de ejidatarios y propietarios de tierras de labor.
Los resultados muestran que, en el periodo de los años 2010 al 2018, la población mejor posicionada en actividades no agrícolas fue afectada por un aumento significativo del tiempo de trabajo excedente y un cambio significativo en la calidad de sus empleos, ocupando los de bajo perfil y desplazando a población que dependía de estos últimos para su reproducción.