bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The interactive support of Cognitive Reserve and Semantic Knowledge in Proper Name retrieval
Authors: Montemurro Sonia , Montefinese Maria , Serena Martina , Pucci Veronica , Mondini Sara , Semenza Carlo
Published: November 2020

Cognitive reserve (CR) refers to acquired experience that modulates resistance to physiological aging or brain damage. A relatively neglected issue is whether or not CR affects cognitive abilities equally. One relevant component of CR seems to be the richness of connections in semantic knowledge. We examined, in N=66 healthy older adults, the potential influence of CR and semantic knowledge on the ability to retrieve proper names and common nouns. These two name categories have different semantic organizations, whereby proper names are characterized by a weaker semantic link to the information they refer to. Controlling for age, CR and semantic knowledge were linearly and positively associated with common noun retrieval. On the other hand, CR assisted proper name retrieval in older adults with a weaker semantic profile, while semantic knowledge assisted proper name retrieval in older adults with lower CR.This study contributes to define the cognitive underpinnings of CR.
PEMBUATAN BATAS WILAYAH LINGKUNGAN
Authors: nur ipra sasti
Published: November 2020

Kuliah Kerja Lapang Plus (KKLP) merupakan suatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat intrakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian pada masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Oleh karena, sifatnya intrakurikuler sehingga setiap mahasiswa yang akan menyelesaikan studi di perguruan tinggi pada suatu program strata satu (S1) harus mengikuti KKLP
Exposed Intimacies
Authors: Block Ellen
Published: November 2020

COVID-19 has overwhelmed health-care providers. The virus is novel in its prevalence, severity and the risk of asymptomatic infection. In order to reduce the risk of infection and stop the spread of COVID-19, clinicians in hospitals across the United States are taking measures to limit exposure to infected patients by reducing the frequency of visits to patients’ rooms, touching patients less, and adopting new protocols around the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). While these newly adopted practices are helping to reduce transmission risk of COVID-19, they are producing a habitus of infection; an acute shift among clinicians that is deeply embodied and likely to have a permanent impact on the health and wellbeing of both providers and already isolated patients.
Russian-Vietnamese relations in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Hong Giang Dinh Le
Published: November 2020

In the article, the author examines the impact of the COVID19 pandemic on various areas of Russian-Vietnamese relations, highlights the results of their cooperation to stop the spread of new coronavirus, and also points out the problems and prospects of the bilateral relations in the post-pandemic world. The author concludes that, despite the consequences of the pandemic, it has not fundamentally changed the structure of cooperation in Russian-Vietnamese relations. However, in the post-coronavirus world, Moscow and Hanoi will face major challenges, including an intensification of the strategic confrontation between Washington and Beijing in the region.
Application of Spectrometric Gamma-Logging for Specification of Characteristics of Soil Radioactive Pollutions
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Stoianov O. I. , Panasiuk M. I. , Ivanova V. E. , Levin G. V. , Sosonna N. V.
Published: November 2020

The experience of using the method of spectrometric gamma-logging of wells for assessment of radioactive contamination of soils on the sites of foundation pits excavation for the New Safe Confinement foundations is presented in the article. Analysis of the photopic/Compton ratio in the gamma-ray spectra of the wellbore allowed us to identify the types of soil contamination: the volumetric contamination, which is associated with real radioactive contamination, and the surface contamination, which is identified as introduced by drilling. This task is especially relevant for determining the boundaries of contaminated/clean soils, which had an impact on determining the depth of pits and, as a result, on the volume of soils to be developed. The use of spectrometric gammalogging of wells made it possible to correctly predict the categories and volumes of radioactive waste, which were soil to be extracted during excavation. Directions for further improvement of the method of spectrometric gamma-logging to clarify the characteristics of radioactive waste are considered in the article.
Small Modular Reactors: Safety and Economic Indicators, Perspectives of their Deployment into Unified Power Grid of Ukraine
Authors:   Public Union “Nuclear Energy Innovation Institute”, Demianiuk V. V.
Published: November 2020

Small modular reactors (SMRs) is a perspective technology for further development of nuclear energy sector, which has advantages as compared to the large nuclear reactors: less capital investments and implementation time, higher expected safety indicators, potential for power capacity maneuvering and as a result – better response to the needs of the energy market. The progress of light-water SMRs projects in the short term, as well as the overview of the SMR basic technical and economic indicators are represented in the paper. On the basis of NPC “Ukrenergo” data, the study of SMR advantages for the Unified Power Grid of Ukraine was conducted. Special focus was given to the maneuvering characteristics of SMRs and SMRs synergy with the renewable energy sources with changeable generation. The priority measures for SMRs implementation in Ukraine were formulated.
Radioactive Aerosols under Conditions of New Safe Confinement in 2018
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Lagunenko O. S. , Khan V. Ye. , Kalynovskyi O. K. , Kashpur V. O. , Kovalchuk V. P. , Sabenin P. V. , Svirid O. A. , Tkach A. V. , Yurchuk S. V.
Published: November 2020

The results of monitoring of radioactive aerosols emissions from the Shelter object in 2018 are given. The maximum value of «unorganized» release rate was observed in November and was 4.6 kBq/(m2 ∙ day). The completion of construction and sealing of the enclosing contours of the New safe confinement (NSC) in 2018 completely limited the influence of meteorological environmental conditions: precipitation, temperature and wind on the Shelter object. As a result of changes in the temperature and humidity conditions inside the facility, water accumulations of radioactively contaminated water in rooms gradually dry up, air humidity decreases, which in turn helps to increase the secondary dust lift, including from the surfaces of fuel-containing masses. In 2018, the average daily density of radioactive particles precipitation on the light roofing totalled 2.2 kBq/(m2 ∙ day), which was higher than in the previous years. Increase in release of radioactive particles intensity on the Shelter object’s light roofing is provided by implementation of building and assembly works under the NSC Arch. The concentration of sum of long-lived beta-emitting aerosols-carriers (90Sr + 90Y and 137Cs) entering the atmosphere through the Bypass system was within the range of 0.1-2.6 Bq/m3. Besides, 137Cs share was 30%. The particles with 4.3-10 μm active median aerodynamic diameter acted as their carriers. Stable trend is observed in reducing the sum of long-lived beta-emitting aerosols in unorganized releases through «Bypass» system. Airflow movement within «Bypass» system has unstable character. In 2018, airflow direction inside the Shelter object was prevailing. The data on the contamination by radioactive aerosols of the atmosphere surface layer under the NSC Arch are represented.
Perspectiva del COVID-19 sobre la contaminación del aire
Authors: Lanchipa Ale Teresa Margarita , Moreno-Salazar Khiara , Luque-Zúñiga Bret
Published: November 2020

La pandemia COVID-19 genera preocupación en todo el mundo, desde que el 30 de enero se declaró como emergencia de salud mundial (WHO), lo cual trajo consigo el cambio en el estilo de vida de la población, cierre de sistemas de transporte, paralización de actividades económicas, reduciendo las emisiones de contaminantes al ambiente, causando la mejora de la calidad del aire en muchas ciudades a nivel mundial. Hasta el momento, se han publicado varios estudios de revisión enfocados en los impactos ambientales por COVID-19, sin embargo, ninguno se enfoca específicamente en la contaminación del aire. Por lo cual, el objetivo principal fue presentar una revisión basada en un análisis integral de los estudios publicados abordando implicancias teóricas usadas dentro de los estudios. Se analizaron 68 estudios, los cuales se publicaron en 17 revistas hasta agosto del 2020. Además, se abordan posibles futuras investigaciones en relación al tema. Finalmente se exponen las conclusiones de la presente revisión.
PROCEDURE FOR ASSESSING RISK OF DEVELOPING AN ADVERSE EPIDEMIC SITUATION FOR ENTEROBIASIS IN THE CONSTITUENT ENTITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution «Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks» of the Federal Medical Agency, Абрамов И.А. , Chernjavskaja O.P. ,   The State Education Institution of Higher Professional Training The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University under Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

The article presents a method for assessing the risk of an unfavorable epidemic situation for a parasitic disease using the example of enterobiasis in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and a forecast for 2020. The method is based on a point assessment of internal risks developed on the basis of the document «Rapid assessment of events posing an immediate threat to public health. WHO-2012». All constituent entities of the Russian Federation were assessed and divided into three categories: high, medium and low risk of an unfavorable epidemic situation for enterobiasis. According to the results of the assessment, the «risk areas» in 2020 are Moscow, St. Petersburg, Sevastopol, the Republic of Tatarstan, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Kemerovo Oblast, Moscow Oblast, Omsk Oblast, Chelyabinsk Oblast. In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the Republic of Altai, a high prevalence of the population was revealed with low indicators of other criteria, which may indicate an insufficient epidemiological surveillance of enterobiasis, or about unaccounted or unknown risk factors for the disease.
HELICOBACTER PYLORI DIAGNOSTIC METHODS
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical  University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Turbabina N.A. , Maksimova M.S. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical  University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Stepanova E.V. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical  University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Kondrashin A.V. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical  University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Konovalova M.D. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical  University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Morozova L.F. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical  University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Morozov E.N. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical  University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University),   Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Educaton, Moscow.
Published: November 2020

Helicobacteriosis is one of the most urgent problems of gastroenterology, and due to the fact that the frequency of H. pylori infection is progressively increasing, this disease is increasingly being detected in people of young working age. The development of algorithms for early and accurate diagnosis of helicobacteriosis can improve the quality of treatment and follow-up of this category of patients. To date, in medical practice, H. pylori is detected using bacteriological, histological (immunohistological), molecular genetic, biochemical and immunological methods (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunochromatographic rapid test), each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Prevalensi Malaria Berdasarkan Karakteristik Sosio Demografi
Authors: Alim Andi , Adam Arlin , Dimi Benyamin
Published: November 2020

Malaria is a disease that attacks humans, birds, apes and other primates, reptiles and rodents, which is caused by protozoan infections of the genus Plasmodium and is easily recognized from the symptoms of fever (chills) and prolonged fever. Until now, Indonesia is still one of the countries at risk of Malaria because 80% of districts/cities in Indonesia are Malaria-endemic. The objective to be achieved in this study is to see a description of the incidence of Malaria in Denemani health centre based on the characteristics of the patient's age, sex of the patient, occupation and place of residence of the patient. The study design was a descriptive study obtained by a sample of 642 respondents. The results showed that there were more Malaria sufferers at the age of 24-35 years as many as 264 patients (41.1%), more Malaria sufferers in the female sex as many as 323 people (50.3%), Malaria sufferers more in patients who were work as private employees, 410 people (63.9%). More Malaria sufferers found living in urban areas, amounting to 447 patients (69.6%). Based on these conclusions it is suggested to the relevant parties that seeing the problems in the Public Health Center in Denemani, especially in adult polyclinics, it does not rule out the possibility that the number of Malaria sufferers will increase every day. This needs to be prevented so there are not to increase continuously.
Keywords: Malaria, age, gender, occupation, place of residence
ABSTRAK
Malaria adalah penyakit yang menyerang manusia, burung, kera dan primata lainnya, hewan melata dan hewan pengerat, yang disebabkan oleh infeksi protozoa dari genus Plasmodium dan mudah dikenali dari gejala meriang (panas dingin menggigil) serta demam berkepanjangan. Hingga kini, Indonesia memang masih menjadi salah satu negara yang berisiko Malaria karena 80% kabupaten/ kota di Indonesia endemis Malaria. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat gambaran angka kejadian Malaria di Puskesmas Denemani berdasarkan karakteristik umur penderita, jenis kelamin penderita, pekerjaan dan tempat tinggal penderita. Desain penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif diperoleh sampel sebanyak 642 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penderita Malaria lebih banyak pada usia 24-35 tahun yaitu sebanyak 264 penderita (41,1%), penderita Malaria lebih banyak pada jenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 323 orang (50,3%), penderita Malaria lebih banyak pada penderita yang bekerja sebagai pegawai swasta yaitu 410 orang (63,9%). Penderita Malaria lebih banyak ditemukan yang tinggal di daerah perkotaan, yaitu sebesar 447 penderita (69,6%). Berdasarkan kesimpulan tersebut maka disarankan kepada pihak-pihak terkait bahwa melihat permasalahan di Puskesmas Denemani, khususnya di poli dewasa, maka tidak menutup kemungkinan, semakin hari jumlah penderita Malaria semakin meningkat. Hal ini perlu dicegah jangan sampai terjadi peningkatan secara terus-menerus.
Kata Kunci: Malaria, umur, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, tempat tinggal
Terapi Obat pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus dengan Komplikasi di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Totong Julia , Ningsih Desi Wahyu
Published: November 2020

Pengendalian Diabetes mellitus dilakukan dengan memperbaiki pola makan , kebiasaan aktivitas fisik/olahraga, konumsi obat dan edukasi. Terdapat hubungan yang erat antara hiperglikemia, resistensi insulin dan gangguan availabilitas nitritoksida endotel vaskuler. Kerusakan endotel akan menyebabkan terbentuknya lesi aterosklerosis koroner yang kemudian berujung pada penyakit kardiovaskuler (CVD). Hampir 50% total kematian pada DM tipe 2 karena CVD meningkatkan resiko kematian .
Metformin merupakan terapi lini pertama pada pasien diabetes melitus dengan CVD. Kombinasi metformin dengan obat golongan lainnya untuk mencapai kontrol glikemik dapat dilakukan dengan memperhatikan efek samping obat dan komorbiditas. Terapi yang efektif diperlukan untuk menurunkan resiko kejadian kardiovaskular, terutama infark miokard, CAD, stroke ,  CVD, CHF.
Aspirin tidak direkomendasikan pada pasien diabetes tanpa CVD atau kerusakan organ lainnya (resiko kardiovaskular rendah), terapi antiplatelet diberikann secara personalized pada pasien diabetes dengan risiko kardiovaskular tinggi. Stratifikasi risiko kardiovaskuler pada pasien diabetes ( rendah, tinggi atau sedang) tidak begitu penting , karena bila diagnosis diabetes sudah ditegakkan, sebab sudah terdapat risiko kardiovaskuler yang tinggi , sehingga sebaiknya pasien diabetes tanpa CAD juga mendapatkan terapi yang sama dengan pasien yang diabetes dengan CAD.
Terapi statin bertujuan menurunkan kadar LDL pada pasien diabetes dengan CVD.
Identifikasi dan Penetapan Kadar Rhodamin B pada Eye Shadow secara Kromatografi Lapis Tipis dan Spektrofotometri Ultraviolet-Visible
Authors: Fauziah Siva , Komarudin Dede , Dewi Citra
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Based on BPOM findings in 2016 there is still the presence of Rhodamin B which is used as one of the dyes in cosmetics. It causes irritation to the skin, respiratory tract and is carcinogenic. The purpose of this study to conduct an examination and determination of Rhodamin B in eye shadow in the Kalideres traditional market. The sample used for the research is eye shadow that is bought from cosmetics stores and cosmetic kiosks, which circulated in the Kalideres traditional market. The sample consist of five different brands based on three criteria is eye shadow which does not include the ingredients used, the writing in the packaging used a language other than Indonesia and does not have a permit number from BPOM. This research was conducted to identify the presence of Rhodamin B in eye shadow with KLT method ( thin layer chromatography), the eluent used is N-butanol, etil asetat, amoniac 25% (10 : 4 : 5) then detected with UV light 254 nm and determination of the content using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method at maximum wavelength 553 nm using as blank is methanol. The resulted was presence of Rhodamine B in sample code A and sample code D with the average value of Rhodamine B levels in the sample examined, the sample code A is 1,3063 mg/g and sample code D is 1,2564 mg/g.
 
Keywords: Rhodamine B, Eye Shadow, KLT, Uv-Vis Spectrophotometry
Pengaruh Peran Orang Tua, Peran Program Generasi Berencana, Pertahanan Diri dan Sumber Informasi terhadap Perilaku Pencegahan Seks Pranikah pada Remaja
Authors: Sisilia Sisilia , Rindu Rindu
Published: November 2020

Keberhasilan sebuah bangsa di masa yang akan datang sangat ditentukan oleh kualitas remaja pada masa sekarang, oleh karena itu masa remaja perlu mendapatkan perhatian dan pengawasan khusus, agar remaja memiliki kualitas yang optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh peran orang tua, peran program GenRe (Generasi Berencana), pertahanan diri dan sumber informasi terhadap perilaku pencegahan seks pranikah pada remaja di SMAN 02 Dedai Kabupaten Sintang 2019. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis pendekatan  cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswa/i SMAN 02 Dedai Kabupaten Sintang yang berjumlah 90 orang. Data yang dikumpulan adalah data primer, pengambilan sampel dengan teknik accidental sampling. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan nilai peran orang tua (0,020<0,05), peran program GenRe (0,006<0,05), pertahanan diri (0,013<0,05), dan sumber informasi (0,012<0,05), dapat disimpulkan dari hasil analisis ada hubungan yang signifikan antara peran orang tua, peran program GenRe, pertahanan diri dan sumber informasi dengan perilaku  pencegahan seks pranikah pada remaja. Hasil uji multivariat didapatkan dari hasil uji regresi logistik peran orang tua (0,010 <0,05), peran program GenRe (0,003<0,05), pertahanan diri (0,007<0,05) dan sumber informasi (0,006<0,05) berpengaruh terhadap perilaku pencegahan seks pranikah pada remaja. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa memberikan bimbingan sejak dini kepada anak sangat penting tidak hanya tugas orang tua tetapi pihak yang memahami akan kesehatan reproduksi juga harus turut berkontribusi agar para remaja memilki kualitas yang optimal.
 
Kata kunci : Remaja, Perilaku, Pencegahan Seks Pranikah
Networking for advanced molecular diagnosis in acute myeloid leukemia patients is possible: the PETHEMA NGS-AML project
Authors: Sargas Claudia , Ayala Rosa , Chillón María Carmen , Larráyoz María J. , Carrillo-Cruz Estrella , Bilbao Cristina , Yébenes-Ramírez Manuel , Llop Marta , Rapado Inmaculada , García-Sanz Ramón , Vázquez Iria , Soria Elena , Florido-Ortega Yanira , Janusz Kamila , Botella Carmen , Serrano Josefina , Martínez-Cuadrón David , Bergua Juan , Amigo Mari Luz , Martínez-Sánchez Pilar , Tormo Mar , Bernal Teresa , Herrera-Puente Pilar , García Raimundo , Algarra Lorenzo , Sayas María J. , Costilla-Barriga Lisette , Pérez-Santolalla Esther , Marchante Inmaculada , Lavilla-Rubira Esperanza , Noriega Víctor , Alonso-Domínguez Juan M. , Sanz Miguel Á. , Sánchez-Garcia Joaquín , Gómez-Casares María T. , Pérez-Simón José A. , Calasanz María J. , González-Díaz Marcos , Martínez-López Joaquín , Barragán Eva , Montesinos Pau
Published: November 2020

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has recently been introduced to efficiently and simultaneously detect genetic variations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, its implementation in the clinical routine raises new challenges focused on the diversity of assays and variant reporting criteria. In order to overcome this challenge, the PETHEMA group established a nationwide network of reference laboratories aimed to deliver molecular results in the clinics. We report the technical cross-validation results for NGS panel genes during the standardization process and the clinical validation in 823 samples of 751 patients with newly diagnosed or refractory/relapse AML. Two cross-validation rounds were performed in seven nationwide reference laboratories in order to reach a consensus regarding quality metrics criteria and variant reporting. In the pre-standardization cross-validation round, an overall concordance of 60.98% was obtained with a great variability in selected genes and conditions across laboratories. After consensus of relevant genes and optimization of quality parameters the overall concordance rose to 85.57% in the second cross-validation round. We show that a diagnostic network with harmonized NGS analysis and reporting in seven experienced laboratories is feasible in the context of a scientific group. This cooperative nationwide strategy provides advanced molecular diagnostic for AML patients of the PETHEMA group (clinicaltrials gov. Identifier: NCT03311815).
Mechanisms for forming endothelium dysfunction in insulin-resistant conditions
Authors: Bayramova S. S. , Tsygankova O. V. , Nikolayev K. Yu. , Starichkova A. A.
Published: November 2020

In pathogenesis and clinic of arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and their complications, one of the important aspects is the violation of the structure and function of the endothelium. In these diseases, it appears as the primary organ of the target, as the endothelial lining of the vessels participates in the regulation of vascular tone, hemostasis, immune response, migration of blood cells to the vascular wall, the synthesis of inflammatory factors and their inhibitors, and performs barrier functions. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is characterized by a shift in the endothelium towards decreasing vasodilation, proinflammatory state and prothrombotic properties. Currently, ED is considered as a universal mechanism for the formation and progression of any vascular pathology, especially in patients with type 2 diabetes. In routine clinical practice, the detection of ED is not carried out, but it must be understood that endothelial dysfunction is one of the first manifestations of vascular pathology, which appears long before the clinical manifestation of cardiovascular diseases. The review provides data on the functions and dysfunctions of the vascular endothelium, and also presents the modern concept of ED as the central link in many chronic diseases.
Closing the waste loop: one example of reusing incineration ash in Singapore
Authors: Xu Zhichuan J , Wang Ting , Liu Zheng , Hu Xiao
Published: November 2020

Closing the waste loop is a critical and global challenge. The countries with small lands facing such a critical issue much more urgently due to the limited space for waste landfill. This presentation introduces a new strategy to recycle and reuse the incineration ash for value added products in Singapore. It may inspire more effort in exploring more strategies and technical approaches for closing the waste loop.
Royal Jelly Acid, 10-Hydroxy-Trans-2-Decenoic Acid,for Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders: How helpful could it be?!
Authors: Amira Mohammed Ali , Amin Omar Hendawy
Published: November 2020

10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid (10H2DA), also known as royal jelly acid, is the main lipid component of RJ. It possesses anti-tumor, neurogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, bactericidal, nematocidal, and estrogen-like properties. A limited number of studies demonstrate the potentials of its main fatty acid, 10-H2DA, for alleviating anxiety and depressive-like behaviors as well as for enhancing neuronal functioning. However, the exact mechanism through which 10-H2DA produces its effect is not well-understood. This mini review gives examples of how 10H2DA might positively contribute to the treatment of psychiatric and neurological disorders. In addition, it surveys the available knowledge about the molecular mechanism through which it regulates transcriptional processes and gene expression in the brain.
Contributing Factors and Evolution of Impulse Control Disorder in the Luxembourg Parkinson Cohort
Authors: Binck Sylvia , Pauly Claire , Vaillant Michel , Hipp Geraldine , Gantenbein Manon , Krueger Rejko , Diederich Nico J
Published: November 2020

Background: To establish the frequency of impulse control disorder (ICD) in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: Within the Luxembourg Parkinson's Study, PD patients were evaluated for ICD presence (score ≥ 1 on MDS-UPDRS I item 1.6), use of dopamine agonists (DA) and other medications.

Results: 470 patients were enrolled. Among 217 patients without DA use, 6.9% scored positive for ICD, vs. 15.4% among 253 patients with DA use (p = 0.005). The regression analysis showed that age at PD diagnosis had only a minor impact on ICD occurrence, while there was no influence by gender or co-medications. The longitudinal study over 2 years in 156 patients demonstrated increasing ICD frequency in DA users (p = 0.005).

Conclusion: This large and non-interventional study confirms that PD patients with DA treatment show higher frequency of ICD than patients without DA use. It newly demonstrates that ICD can develop independently from age, gender, or co-medications.
A Coordinated Suite of Wild-Introgression Lines in Indica and Japonica Elite Backgrounds
Authors: Singh Namrata , Wang Diane R. , Ali Liakat , Kim HyunJung , Akther Kazi M. , Harrington Sandra E. , Kang Ju-Won , Shakiba Ehsan , Shi Yuxin , DeClerck Genevieve , Meadows Byron , Govindaraj Vishnu , Ahn Sang-Nag , Eizenga Georgia C. , McCouch Susan R.
Published: November 2020

Rice, Oryza sativa L., is a cultivated, inbreeding species that serves as the staple food for the largest number of people on earth. It has two strongly diverged varietal groups, Indica and Japonica, which result from a combination of natural and human selection. The genetic divergence of these groups reflects the underlying population structure of their wild ancestors, and suggests that a pre-breeding strategy designed to take advantage of existing genetic, geographic and ecological substructure may provide a rational approach to the utilization of crop wild ancestors in plant improvement. Here we describe the coordinated development of six introgression libraries (n = 63 to 81 lines per library) in both Indica (cv. IR64) and Japonica (cv. Cybonnet) backgrounds using three bio-geographically diverse wild donors representing the Oryza rufipogon Species Complex from China, Laos and Indonesia. The final libraries were genotyped using an Infinium 7K rice SNP array (C7AIR) and analyzed under greenhouse conditions for several simply inherited (Mendelian) traits. These six interspecific populations can be used as individual Chromosome Segment Substitution Line libraries and, when considered together, serve as a powerful genetic resource for systematic genetic dissection of agronomic, physiological and developmental traits in rice.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Garlic and Oregano Essential Oil on Biomarkers of Oxidative Status, Stress and Inflammation in Postweaning Piglets
Authors: Rivera-Gomis Jorge , Peres Rubio Camila , Martínez Conesa Cristina , Otal Salaverri Julio , Cerón José Joaquín , Tortosa Damián Escribano , Cubero Pablo María José
Published: November 2020

The effects of two different concentrations of micro capsuled oregano essential oil (OEO) and purple garlic powder on biomarkers of oxidative status, stress, and inflammation, as well as on average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR), were evaluated in piglets during the postweaning period. The trial was carried out with 300 crossbred pigs of 21 days of age fed with different concentrations of OEO and purple garlic powder and ZnO. Saliva and serum samples were taken to evaluate a panel of biomarkers of oxidative status, stress, and inflammation. OEO and garlic powder at 0.4% did not produce significant changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) and cortisol and yielded higher levels of the antioxidant biomarker CUPRAC in serum than higher doses (p < 0.01); they yielded a better ADG than the control and ZnO diets. OEO and garlic powder at higher concentrations than 0.4% showed higher concentrations of CRP (p < 0.05). Overall, doses of OEO and garlic powder at 0.4% did not lead to inflammation, stress, or negative changes in oxidative biomarkers in piglets during the postweaning period and gave better productive performance than the control and ZnO diets. High doses of OEO and garlic powder were ineffective and could negatively affect the animals. Therefore, our results highlight the importance of the dose used when OEO or garlic are supplemented to piglets.
Supplementing Northern Australian Beef Cattle with Desmanthus Tropical Legume Reduces In-Vivo Methane Emissions
Authors: Suybeng Bénédicte , Charmley Edward , Gardiner Christopher P. , Malau-Aduli Bunmi S. , Malau-Aduli Aduli E.O.
Published: November 2020

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementing beef cattle with incremental levels of Desmanthus leptophyllus cv. JCU1 and Desmanthus bicornutus cv. JCU4 on in vivo methane (CH4) emissions and the role of tannins in rumen fermentation. Fourteen yearling Droughtmaster steers were allocated to each of the two Desmanthus species and offered a basal diet of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay plus fresh Desmanthus at 0%, 15%, 22%, and 31% of dry matter intake (DMI). The 15% and 31% Desmanthus periods lasted 21 days and the 22 and 0% Desmanthus periods, 14 days. Methane production was measured by open-circuit gas exchange in the last two days of each period. The results showed a linear increase in DMI and reduction in CH4 yield with the increasing level of Desmanthus and subsequently condensed tannins in the diet. The added tannin binder polyethylene glycol-4000 did not affect CH4 yield but increased rumen NH3-N and iso-acid concentrations. Therefore, on a low-quality diet, Desmanthus has the potential to increase intake and reduce CH4 emissions. Even though its tannins can bind rumen proteins, the beef cattle anti-methanogenic response to supplementation with Desmanthus may be a combination of rumen fermentation and tannin effects.
Standardised Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility in Field Pea Seeds of Two Cultivars Differing in Flower Colour for Broiler Chickens: Effects of Bird Age and Microbial Protease
Authors: Szczurek Witold , Świątkiewicz Sylwester
Published: November 2020

This study aimed to determine and compare standardised ileal digestibility (SID) coefficients of amino acids (AA) in raw seeds of the white-(WF) and the coloured-flowered (CF) field pea cultivar as sole sources of AA in the diets fed to broiler chickens aged 14 or 28 days. An additional purpose was to check the influence of exogenous protease added to pea-based assay diets on AA SID in birds at both ages. Each assay diet was offered to six replicate pens. On both sampling days, the contents from the lower half of the ileum were collected for determination of the apparent digestibility values. The SID coefficients were calculated using ileal endogenous AA losses determined from birds fed an N-free diet. Results indicated a substantial advantage of WF pea over CF pea as a source of digestible Lys, Met, Cys, His, Ile, Leu, Phe, Val, Asp and Glu for 14-day-old chickens. With the exception of methionine and cysteine, there was no significant difference between these two cultivars in the SID values of AA in 28-day-old birds. The protease increased SID of nutritionally essential AA from WF pea-based diet at both ages, and from CF pea-based diet in chickens aged 28 days. In conclusion, the SID coefficients of indispensable AA determined at 14 days of age in low-tannin WF peas are not applicable to the formulation of grower-type feeds containing seeds of CF cultivars.
Assessing the Impact of an EV Battery Swapping Station on the Reliability of Distribution Systems
Authors: Zeng Bo , Luo Yangfan , Zhang Changhao , Liu Yixian
Published: November 2020

This paper proposes a comprehensive methodological framework to investigate the potential role of the grid-connected battery swapping station (BSS) with vehicle-to-grid (V2G) capability in improving the reliability of supply in future distribution networks. For this aim, we first develop an empirical model for describing the energy demand of electric vehicles (EVs) and their resultant available generation capacity (AGC) that can be utilized for BSS operation. Then, on this basis, a quantitative method to quantify the effect of grid-connected BSS on distribution system reliability is proposed. In order to capture the uncertainties associated with EV users’ behaviors, Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) methods were utilized to obtain the time series of the BSS traffic flow and initial State of Charge (SOC) of each EV battery, according to the probability distribution of corresponding uncertain factors whose statistics are obtained from real-world historical data. Compared with existing works in this research field, the main contributions of this paper are threefold. (i) A comprehensive and efficient method to assess the reliability benefits of BSS with an explicit consideration of BSS characteristics (including physical structure, charging strategy, and swapping model) is proposed, which is in contrast to most of the extant studies that only focus on the EV fast-charging paradigm and thus provide a practical tool to analyze the potential value of BSS resources in future distribution systems. (ii) The randomness of EV user behaviors in BSS operation is explicitly modeled and considered. (iii) The LHS-based sequential simulation is used to improve the accuracy and convergence performance of the evaluation, as compared to the traditional Sequential Monte Carlo Simulation (SMCS) method. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, numerical studies are conducted based on a modified IEEE 33-bus distribution network. The simulation results show that with V2G capabilities, BSS can improve reliability to a certain extent and reduce the adverse impact on the reliability of the distribution network. In addition, EV resources should be orderly managed and exploited; otherwise, uncoordinated charging activities could impose a negative impact on the reliability performance of distribution networks. Finally, it is also shown that under the same sampling time, LHS-based sequential simulation could be better than SMCS in the accuracy and convergence speed of the procedure.
Ozone Variability and Trend Estimates from 20-Years of Ground-Based and Satellite Observations at Irene Station, South Africa
Authors: Bencherif Hassan , Toihir Abdoulwahab M. , Mbatha Nkanyiso , Sivakumar Venkataraman , du Preez David Jean , Bègue Nelson , Coetzee Gerrie
Published: November 2020

While the stratospheric ozone protects the biosphere against ultraviolet (UV) radiation, tropospheric ozone acts like a greenhouse gas and an indicator of anthropogenic pollution. In this paper, we combined ground-based and satellite ozone observations over Irene site (25.90° S, 28.22° E), one of the most ancient ozone-observing stations in the southern tropics. The dataset is made of daily total columns and weekly profiles of ozone collected over 20 years, from 1998 to 2017. In order to fill in some missing data and split the total column of ozone into a tropospheric and a stratospheric column, we used satellite observations from TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer), OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument), and MLS (Microwave Limb Sounder) experiments. The tropospheric column is derived by integrating ozone profiles from an ozonesonde experiment, while the stratospheric column is obtained by subtracting the tropospheric column from the total column (recorded by the Dobson spectrometer), and by assuming that the mesospheric contribution is negligible. Each of the obtained ozone time series was then analyzed by applying the method of wavelet transform, which permitted the determination of the main forcings that contribute to each ozone time series. We then applied the multivariate Trend-Run model and the Mann–Kendall test for trend analysis. Despite the different analytical approaches, the obtained results are broadly similar and consistent. They showed a decrease in the stratospheric column (−0.56% and −1.7% per decade, respectively, for Trend-Run and Mann–Kendall) and an increase in the tropospheric column (+2.37% and +3.6%, per decade, respectively, for Trend-Run and Mann–Kendall). Moreover, the results presented here indicated that the slowing down of the total ozone decline is somewhat due to the contribution of the tropospheric ozone concentration.
Climate Profiles in Brazilian Microregions
Authors: Silveira Marinho Kalline Fabiana , Barbosa Andrade Lara de Melo , Constantino Spyrides Maria Helena , Santos e Silva Claudio Moisés , de Oliveira Cristiano Prestrelo , Guedes Bezerra Bergson , Rodrigues Mutti Pedro
Published: November 2020

Brazil’s territory is considerably large and characterized by a variety of climate patterns, which allows the identification of regional climate specificities. The objective of this study was to identify a typology of climatic characteristics for the microregions of Brazil using the grade of membership (GoM) method, which is a multivariate technique based on the fuzzy sets theory. The meteorological variables used were: precipitation (mm), relative humidity (%), maximum and minimum temperature (°C) and wind speed (m/s), obtained from the interpolated database elaborated by Xavier comprising the period from January 1981 to December 2013. Three predominant homoclimatic profiles were found. The GoM method also allowed the identification of five mixed profiles, which is unprecedent in studies in Brazil and corroborates the regional climate diversity in the country. Furthermore, the heterogeneities of Brazilian climates could be better outlined. The extreme profiles—“predominant 1—P1”, “predominant 2—P2” and “predominant 3—P3”—accounted for 42.9% (236) of the total microregions. Additionally, approximately half (53.9%) of the microregions were classified as featuring characteristics of at least two profiles—that is, they presented mixed profiles with hybrid characteristics. These hybrid microregions were located mostly at transition zones between climates.
Electromagnetic Piezoelectric Acoustic Sensor Detection of Extracellular Vesicles through Interaction with Detached Vesicle Proteins
Authors: Románszki Loránd , Varga Zoltán , Mihály Judith , Keresztes Zsófia , Thompson Michael
Published: November 2020

An electromagnetic piezoelectric acoustic sensor (EMPAS) was used to study the non-specific adsorption of human red blood cell-derived extracellular vesicle preparations. Vesicle storage history (temperature and duration) highly affected the obtained results: The signal change, namely the frequency decrease of the crystal measured at 20 °C, was negligibly small (<1 s−2) when the vesicle solutions had previously been stored at 4 °C, and was in the order of 10 s−2 when the vesicle solutions had been stored at −30 °C. Moreover, the rate of frequency decrease increased exponentially with the storage time at −30 °C. Upon a 4 °C storage period following the −30 °C storage period of the same sample, the measured frequency decrease dropped, suggesting a partial relaxation of the system. The results are explained by the disintegration of the vesicles triggered by the freeze–thaw cycle, likely due to the detachment of proteins from the vesicle surface as was proved by size-exclusion chromatography. Surface modification of the sensor crystal provided the possibility of signal enhancement, as the maximum rate of the frequency change for the same vesicle concentrations was higher on hydrophobic, octadecyl trichlorosilane–modified quartz than on hydrophilic, bare quartz. The EMPAS signal has been associated with the amount of detached proteins, which in turn is proportional to the originating vesicle concentration.
An Accurate and Robust Method for Spike Sorting Based on Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Li Zhaohui , Wang Yongtian , Zhang Nan , Li Xiaoli
Published: November 2020

In the fields of neuroscience and biomedical signal processing, spike sorting is a crucial step to extract the information of single neurons from extracellular recordings. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning approach based on one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1D-CNNs) to implement accurate and robust spike sorting. The results of the simulated data demonstrated that the clustering accuracy in most datasets was greater than 99%, despite the multiple levels of noise and various degrees of overlapped spikes. Moreover, the proposed method performed significantly better than the state-of-the-art method named “WMsorting” and a deep-learning-based multilayer perceptron (MLP) model. In addition, the experimental data recorded from the primary visual cortex of a macaque monkey were used to evaluate the proposed method in a practical application. It was shown that the method could successfully isolate most spikes of different neurons (ranging from two to five) by training the 1D-CNN model with a small number of manually labeled spikes. Considering the above, the deep learning method proposed in this paper is of great advantage for spike sorting with high accuracy and strong robustness. It lays the foundation for application in more challenging works, such as distinguishing overlapped spikes and the simultaneous sorting of multichannel recordings.
7q11.23 Microduplication Syndrome: Clinical and Neurobehavioral Profiling
Authors: Dentici Maria Lisa , Bergonzini Paola , Scibelli Francesco , Caciolo Cristina , De Rose Paola , Cumbo Francesca , Alesi Viola , Capolino Rossella , Zanni Ginevra , Sinibaldi Lorenzo , Novelli Antonio , Tartaglia Marco , Digilio Maria Cristina , Dallapiccola Bruno , Vicari Stefano , Alfieri Paolo
Published: November 2020

7q11.23 Microduplication (dup7q11.23) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder due to a recurring 1.5 to 1.8 Mb duplication of the Williams–Beuren Syndrome critical region. Dup7q11.23 has been associated with several neuro-behavioral characteristics such as low cognitive and adaptive functioning, expressive language impairment, anxiety problems and autistic features. In the present study, we analyze the clinical features of ten individuals in which array-CGH detected dup7q11.23, spanning from 1.4 to 2.1 Mb. The clinical characteristics associated with dup7q11.23 are discussed with respect to its reciprocal deletion. Consistent with previous studies, we confirm that individuals with dup7q11.23 syndrome do not have a homogeneous clinical profile, although some recurring dysmorphic features were found, including macrocephaly, prominent forehead, elongated palpebral fissures, thin lip vermilion and microstomia. Minor congenital malformations include patent ductus arteriosus, cryptorchidism and pes planus. A common finding is hypotonia and joint laxity, resulting in mild motor delay. Neuropsychological and psychodiagnostic assessment confirm that mild cognitive impairment, expressive language deficits and anxiety are recurring neurobehavioral features. New insights into adaptive, psychopathological and neurodevelopmental profiles are discussed.
Cancer Extracellular Matrix Proteins Regulate Tumour Immunity
Authors: Gordon-Weeks Alex , Yuzhalin Arseniy
Published: November 2020

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an increasingly recognised role in the development and progression of cancer. Whilst significant progress has been made in targeting aspects of the tumour microenvironment such as tumour immunity and angiogenesis, there are no therapies that address the cancer ECM. Importantly, immune function relies heavily on the structure, physics and composition of the ECM, indicating that cancer ECM and immunity are mechanistically inseparable. In this review we highlight mechanisms by which the ECM shapes tumour immunity, identifying potential therapeutic targets within the ECM. These data indicate that to fully realise the potential of cancer immunotherapy, the cancer ECM requires simultaneous consideration.