bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Oocyte Yield Utilizing a Machine Learning Model for Dose and Trigger Decisions: A Multi-Center, Prospective Study
Authors: Canon Chelsea , Leibner Lily , Fanton Michael , Chang Zeyu , Suraj Vaishali , Lee Joseph A. , Loewke Kevin , Hoffman David
Published: May 2024

Objective
To evaluate clinical outcomes for patients undergoing IVF treatment where an artificial intelligence (AI) platform was utilized by clinicians to help determine the optimal starting dose of FSH and timing of trigger injection.
Design
Prospective clinical trial with historical control arm
Setting
Four physicians from two assisted reproductive technology treatment centers in the United States participated in the study.
Patients
The treatment arm included patients undergoing autologous IVF cycles between December 2022 - April 2023 where the physician use AI to help select starting dose of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and trigger injection timing (N = 246). The control arm included historical patients treated where the same doctor did not use AI between September 2021 - September 2022.
Intervention
None.
Main Outcome Measure
Total FSH used and average number of mature metaphase II (MII)oocytes.
Results
There was a non-significant trend towards improved patient outcomes and a reduction in FSH with physician use of AI. Overall, the average number of MIIs in the treatment vs. control arm was 12.20 vs 11.24 (improvement = 0.96, p=0.16). The average number of oocytes retrieved in the treatment vs. control arm was 16.01 vs 14.54 (improvement = 1.47, p = 0.08). The average total FSH in the treatment arm was 3671.95 IUs and the average in the control arm was 3846.29 IUs (difference=-174.35 IUs, p=0.13).
Conclusion
There was a trend towards improved laboratory outcomes with physician use of AI.. Together, this suggests that AI can safely assist in refining the starting dose of FSH while narrowing down the timing of the trigger injection during ovarian stimulation, benefiting the patient in optimizing the count of MII oocytes retrieved,
Single-cell RNA Sequencing Reveals the Role of Heat Shock Protein 90 in Müller Cells Proliferation via the Necroptosis/MAPK Pathway in Diabetes
Authors: Yan Ying , Wei Qiaonuo , Yu Doudou , Gao Chengyuan , Yang Hongjian , Diao Bo , Song Yanping , Chen Xiao
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Understanding the complex pathology of diabetic retinopathy (DR) was challenging due to the intricate cellular structure of the retina.
Methods
We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on retinas from 4 diabetic patients and 2 nondiabetic patients. Bioinformatics analysis combined with experimental exploration using in vivo and in vitro DR models were performed to explore the pathogenesis of the Müller cells (MCs) in DR.
Results
We identified 9 major cell types and revealed that diabetes impacted the retinal cell type composition as well as specific genes expression, and altered cell-cell communication. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), which was downregulated in the MCs of the diabetic patients, may function as a hub gene, and the significant functional pathways were the necroptosis (RIP1/RIP3/MLKL) and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) pathways. Furthermore, our results of in vivo and in vitro DR models suggested that the downregulation of HSP90 may induce DR-associated MCs proliferation.
Conclusion
Our study offered new insight into the cellular and molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of DR, revealing the suppressive role of HSP90 in MCs proliferation, which could be targeted to treat DR.
Green clay materials applied in packed bed columns for adsorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions
Authors: Eloussaief Mabrouk , Dammak Nesrine , Ghrab Sana , Ltaief Olfa Ouled , Hamza Wiem , Lambert Stephanie
Published: May 2024

The removal of hazardous metal ions from polluted water is a crucial process aimed at enhancing water quality. In this study, we conducted a dynamic adsorption investigation utilizing natural green clay for the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions. The material underwent characterization through various techniques, including fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nitrogen-physisorption (BET). Column tests of green clay material and sand mixtures were performed to evaluate sorption in dynamic systems. Adsorption conditions were examined by varying the initial Cr6+ concentration, flow rate and column height. The maximum purification was achieved at a concentration of 50 mg/L, a flow rate of 3mL/min and a bed height of 12 cm. The mathematical models of Bohart-Adams, Thomas, and Yoon-Nelson were employed to analyze experimental data and predict breakthrough curves in continuous adsorption. Through comparison of R2 values, it was determined that the Yoon-Nelson and Thomas diffusion models effectively capture and accurately describe the experimental data. The results obtained indicate a potential expansion of fixed-bed adsorption for the heavy metals treatment in industrial-scale wastewater. Additionally, the natural green clay material exhibited remarkable reusability and showed promising characteristics for various environmental and industrial applications.
The distribution characteristics of PD-1 pathway related immune cells in esophageal cancer tissue and their relationship with prognosis
Authors: Kong Dehua , Gao Chunyan , Yang Yu , Yang Lu , Ma Ji , Tang Shimin , Mao Ying , Li Na , Li Yong
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Exploring the distribution characteristics of immune cells related to the programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) pathway in esophageal cancer(EC) tissue and its relationship with prognosis.
Methods
Tissue samples of 236 patients with EC after surgery in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2021 were included to explore the correlation between 6 kinds of immunohistochemical indicators and clinical characteristics of patients. The Kaplan-Meier method and LOG-rank test to univariate analyzed the effect of IHC expression level on patient survival, and the clinical prediction model was constructed to evaluate and valate the prediction model.
Results
The expression levels of PD-1, PD-L1, FOXP3+, and CD25+were positively correlated with tumor infiltration depth and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05); The expression levels of CD4+and CD8+were negatively correlated with tumor infiltration depth and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Lymph node metastasis, high expression of PD-1, PD-L1, FOXP3+, and CD25+are independent risk factors affecting patient prognosis (P < 0.05). Patients with low expression of PD-1, PD-L1, FOXP3+, CD25+ and high expression of CD4+,CD8+ had better three-year survival rates (P < 0.001). The prediction model constructed based on influencing factors has good discrimination and accuracy.
Conclusion
The prediction model based on PD-1, PD-L1, FOXP3+, CD25+ expression levels and lymphocytes infiltration has a high predictive validity for the prognosis of patients with EC.
Disseminated Septic Arthritis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum in an Immunocompromised Patient with Hypogammaglobulinemia after Rituximab Therapy
Authors: Oguni Kohei , Fukushima Shinnosuke , Otsuka Yuki , Soejima Yoshiaki , Kawaguchi Marina , Sazumi Yosuke , Fujimori Takumi , Iio Koji , Umakoshi Noriyuki , Yamada Kazuki , Hagiya Hideharu , Otsuka Fumio
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Ureaplasma urealyticum is a rare pathogen associated with septic arthritis that predominantly affects patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. Bacterial identification of fastidious organisms is challenging because they are undetectable by routine culture testing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of septic arthritis induced by U. urealyticum infection in Japan.
Case description
We describe the case of a 23-year-old Japanese female with secondary hypogammaglobulinemia (serum immunoglobulin level <500 mg/dL), identified 8 years after treatment with rituximab. The patient presented with persistent fever and polyarthritis that were unresponsive to ceftriaxone and prednisolone. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography and gallium-67 scintigraphy revealed effusion and inflammation in the left sternoclavicular, hip, wrist, knee, and ankle joints. Although Gram staining and bacterial culture of the drainage fluid from the left hip joint were negative, the condition exhibited characteristics of purulent bacterial infection. The patient underwent empirical treatment with doxycycline, and her symptoms promptly resolved. Subsequent 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing of the joint fluid confirmed the presence of U. urealyticum, leading to the diagnosis of septic arthritis. Combination therapy with doxycycline and azithromycin yielded a favorable recovery from the inflammatory status and severe arthritic pain.
Conclusion
This case highlights U. urealyticum as a potential causative agent of disseminated septic arthritis, particularly in patients with hypogammaglobulinaemia. The 16S rRNA gene analysis proved beneficial for identifying pathogens in culture-negative specimens, such as synovial fluid, in suspected bacterial infections.
Animal models of xenograft-induced cachexia of patient-derived pancreatic cancer: exploring potential new biomarkers and treatment targets
Authors: Rossini Caio V.T. , Guimarães Lara M.F. , Bento Carolina A. , Alves-de-Moraes Luís B.C. , Jukemura Jose , Machado Marcel CC , Reis Eduardo M. , Lameu Claudiana
Published: May 2024

Background:
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal cancer often accompanied by cachexia, a condition marked by physical decline, anorexia, and reduced quality of life. Cachexia varies in severity, categorized as precachexia, cachexia, and refractory cachexia, impacting patient survival and wellbeing. To explore cancer cachexia, we developed two experimental models using PDAC fragments from patients P08 and P12.
Methods:
Female BALB/c nude mice received subcutaneous transplants of PDAC xenografts from these patients. We rigorously assessed animal phenotypes, metabolism, and behavior during tumor progression to validate these cachexia models.
Results:
Each patient-derived xenograft (PDX) displayed a distinct cachexia profile. Mice with P12-derived PDAC exhibited mild cachexia, showing reductions in muscle (15%) and brown adipose tissue (25%) mass, and decreased activity (35%), without significant weight loss or food intake changes. In contrast, P08-derived PDAC induced severe cachexia with pronounced losses in body weight (29%), muscle (38%), cardiac muscle (27%), and brown adipose tissue (60%), coupled with sustained strength decline (51%). Both models exhibited increased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in tumor tissues and markers associated with muscle degradation.
Conclusions:
Our findings highlight those mice with patient-derived PDAC xenotransplants represent robust models for studying the diverse cachexia profiles observed in patients. These models reflect the heterogeneity of PDAC cachexia and can distinguish between different stages. Importantly, they unveil potential biomarkers like IL-1β, IL-6, P2Y2 receptor, and ASS1, indicative of cachexia severity. The models highlight cachexia's complexity and underscore the importance of personalized approaches in cancer treatment.
Cautiously optimistic about data-driven algorithms in paediatric critical care, nurses’ perspectives in low-resource settings: a pre-implementation and human-centred design study in Malawi
Authors: Rakers Margot , Mwale Daniel , de Mare Lieke , Chirambo Lezzie , Bierling Bart , Likumbo Alice , Langton Josephine , Team IMPALA Study , Chavannes Niels , Os Hendrikus van , Calis Job , Dellimore Kiran , Villalobos-Quesada María
Published: May 2024

Introduction
Paediatric critical care nurses face challenges in promptly detecting patient deterioration and delivering high-quality care, especially in low-resource settings (LRS). Patient monitors equipped with data-driven algorithms that integrate monitor and clinical data can optimise scarce resources (e.g. trained staff) offering solutions to these challenges. Poor algorithm output design and workflow integration are important factors hindering successful implementation. This study aims to explore nurses' perspectives to inform the development of a data-driven algorithm and user-friendly interface for future integration into a continuous monitoring system for critical care in LRS.
Methods
Human-centred design methods, including contextual inquiry, semi-structured interviews, and co-design sessions, were carried out at the high-dependency units of Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital and Zomba Central Hospital in Malawi. Triangulating these methods, and employing qualitative content analysis principles, we identified what algorithm could assist nurses and used co-creation methods to design a user interface prototype.
Results
Workflow observations demonstrated the effects of personnel shortages and limited monitor equipment availability for vital sign monitoring. Interviews emphasised the advantages of predictive algorithms in anticipating deterioration, underlining the need to integrate the algorithm’s output, the (constant) monitoring data, and the patient's present clinical condition. Nurses preferred a scoring system represented with familiar scales and colour codes. During co-design sessions, trust, usability and context specificity were emphasized as requirements for these algorithms. Four prototype components were examined, with nurses favouring explainable and transparent scores represented by colour codes and visual representations of score changes.
Conclusions
Nurses in LRS perceive that data-driven algorithms, especially for predicting patient deterioration, could improve the provision of critical care. This can be achieved by translating nurses' perspectives into design strategies, as has been carried out in this study. The lessons learned are summarised as actionable pre-implementation recommendations for the development and implementation of data-driven algorithms in LRS.
Optimality of reinforced concrete coupled shear wall using machine learning
Authors: Kumari Nivedita , Prasad Prahlad , Madhuri Seeram
Published: May 2024

A coupled Shear Wall is a unified system consisting of the connection of two individual shear walls with a connecting beam (coupling beam). The coupling beam plays an important role in the lateral load resistance of the coupled shear wall structure. This paper addresses the innovative approach to optimizing coupling beam dimensions by introducing data in machine learning. The data are collected through ETABS modelling of encompassing buildings of varying heights, i.e., 15, 20, 25, 30 stories, with and without shear walls, and coupled shear walls with coupling beams of different lengths, i.e., 1 m, 1.5m, and 2m, and different depths, i.e., 1.5m, 1.25m, 1 m, 0.8m, and 0.75m which is analysed by keeping the end to end distance of both shear wall and shear wall with coupled beam in order to make it economical. The parameters considered include displacement, drift, reinforcement quantity, and concrete volume collected through ETABS. A total of 68 models were analyzed. Analysis made through that, in all of the storey except in 30 storey the shear wall with coupling beam dimension, length of 2 m and depth of 1.25 m is most optimum model and in the case of 30 storey optimized model changes, the coupling beam with a length of 1.5 m and depth of 1.25 m perform best. On increasing storey, it can be deduced that coupled shear wall performs much better. Furthermore, the machine learning-trained model will provide the optimum dimension of the coupling beam if storey height is provided.
Longitudinal Network Changes and Phenoconversion Risk in Isolated REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Eidelberg David , Tang Chris , Nakano Yoshikazu , Vo An , Nguyen Nha , Schindlbeck Katharina , Poston Kathleen , Gagnon Jean-François , Postuma Ronald , Niethammer Martin , Ma Yilong , Peng Shichun , Dhawan Vijay
Published: May 2024

Isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is a prodromal syndrome for Parkinson’s disease (PD) and related 𝛼-synucleinopathies. We conducted a longitudinal imaging study of network changes in iRBD and their relationship to phenoconversion. Expression levels for the PD-related motor and cognitive networks (PDRP and PDCP) were measured at baseline, 2 and 4 years, along with dopamine transporter (DAT) binding. PDRP and PDCP expression increased over time, with higher values in the former network. While abnormal functional connections were identified initially within the PDRP, others bridging the two networks appeared later. A model based on the rates of PDRP progression and putamen dopamine loss predicted phenoconversion within 1.2 years in individuals with iRBD. In aggregate, the data suggest that maladaptive reorganization of brain networks takes place in iRBD years before phenoconversion. Network expression and DAT binding measures can be used together to assess phenoconversion risk in these individuals.
Erfolgsfaktoren für die Sofortbelastung von Einzelzahnimplantaten
Authors:   , Wahl Andrea
Published: May 2024

Das Ziel in der vorliegenden systematischen Literaturrecherche ist es, den aktuellen Stand des Wissens über die Erfolgsfaktoren von Einzelzahnimplantaten, bei denen eine Sofortbelastung auf den provisorischen Implantatkronen zum Antagonisten erfolgt, wiederzugeben. In diesem Rahmen wurden Zusammenhänge zwischen der Implantatüberlebensrate, der Primärstabilität, der Implantatregion, des Implantatdesigns und des Implantationszeitpunktes getrennt nach okklusalem Belastungsprotokoll (mit versus ohne antagonistische Okklusionskontakte auf den provisorischen Implantatkronen) und der postoperativen Verhaltensweisen der Patienten analysiert. Der Prozess der systematischen Literaturrecherche wurde nach den PRISMA-Guidelines für den Suchzeitraum von 2012 bis 2022 durchgeführt. Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, wurde eine qualitative Analyse in deskriptiver Form durchgeführt. In den analysierten Studien, wurde am häufigsten ein Eindrehmoment von ≥ 35 Ncm als Kriterium für eine Sofortbelastung gewählt. Die meisten Implantate wurden in der Oberkieferregion 15 bis 25 inseriert. Bei den Implantatkronen mit antagonistischen Okklusionskontakten fielen die Überlebensraten insgesamt niedriger aus als in den Studien, in denen die Implantatkronen ohne antagonistische Okklusionskontakte eingegliedert wurden. Die Überlebensraten waren weitestgehend vergleichbar mit den Ergebnissen konventioneller Belastungsprotokolle. Die Datenlage anhand dieser Recherche spricht zurzeit für die Realisierung der Sofortbelastung von provisorischen Implantatkronen ohne antagonistische Okklusionskontakte in Verbindung mit postoperativen Verhaltensmaßnahmen.
A REVIEW ON MILLET: A WONDER GRAIN OF NUTRITIONAL IMPORTANCE
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Food and Nutrition, Era University, Lucknow., Fatima Samreen , Parvin Kahkashan ,   Head and Associate Professor, Department of Food and Nutrition, Era University, Lucknow.
Published: May 2024

Millets are underutilized minor cereal crops belonging to the Poaceae family. These small seeded, nutrient dense grains aredrought resistant, glutenfree and non-acid forming. They fall into two major categories, namely, the major millets, and the minor millets. Pearl millet and sorghum are classified as major millets. The minor millet category comprises foxtail millet, proso millet, finger millet, kodo millet, barnyard millet and little millet.They are rich source of phytochemicals with medicinal properties in the form of antioxidant activities, which help lower many health diseases.They have a low glycemic index, high fibre content, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). It is a splendid source of essential nutrients such as protein, carbohydrates, fat, minerals, vitamins, and also some other bioactive compounds that eventually help through multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-cholesterol, anti-hypertensive, anthropometric effects and regulation of gut microbiota composition.In addition to staple food crops, such as wheat and rice millets are highly nutritious and beneficial and have great potential to help the world combat the food insecurity many countries face today.The current review is to collect the available information from existing literature related to the nutritional importance and health-benefiting properties of millet and trying to present the collected data in an easily-documented pattern.
ASSESSMENT OF INFESTATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF LORANTHACEAE ON WOODY PLANTS OF THE MANDARA MOUNTAINS OF THE FAR NORTH REGION, CAMEROON
Authors:   Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Buea, P.O box: 63 Buea, Cameroon., Mana Djibrilla , Gilbert Haiwa ,   Department of Environmental Sciences, National Advanced School of Enginering of Maroua,University of Maroua. P.O BOX 46, Maroua Cameroon., Olivier Clovis Kengne ,   Department of Life and Earth Sciences Higher Teachers Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814 Maroua, Cameroon., Konsala Souare ,   Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maroua, P.O. Box: 814 Maroua, Cameroon., Adamou Ibrahima ,   Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundere Cameroon.
Published: May 2024

Loranthaceae are a permanent danger to many woody plant species. The present study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the degree of parasitism of Loranthaceae on woody species of the Mandara Mountains in the Far North Region of Cameroon. A methodological approach based on surface surveys was adopted. On the hills, the species of Loranthaceae encountered and the host plants have been identified. The botanical inventory revealed a floristic composition of 73 species of phorophytes distributed in 43 genera and 24 families. These phorophytes are parasitized by 7 species of Loranthaceae (Agelanthus dodoneifolius, Globimetula braunii, Phragmanthera capitata, Tapinanthus bangwensis, T. belvisii, T. globiferus and T. ophiodes), distributed in 4 genera (Agelanthus, Globimetula, Agmanthera and Tapinanthus). T. globiferus and A. dodoneifolius are the most abundant ubiquitous Loranthaceae species of the 7 parasitic species inventoried and identified on the Mandara Mountains. The average parasite rate of the inventoried phorophytes is 27.35% andthe average infestation intensity is 4.07 tufts / plant. This rate and the intensity of infestation vary among plant families. The distribution of Loranthaceae tufts follows an ascending curve. Parasitism of woody plants by Loranthaceae species therefore represents a considerable threat to phorophytes. It would therefore be wise to explore the means of combating Loranthaceae, for the conservation of plant biodiversity which integrates sustainable development in the Far North Region, Cameroon.
RECOVERY AND REUSE OF NICKEL(II) FROM NI-DIMETHYL GLYOXIME COMPLEX: A SUSTAINABLE LABORATORY PRACTICE
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Arts, Science and Commerece, Mira Road, Thane, Maharashtra., Kotian Chitralekha , Mohammed Mustaqeem ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Arts, Science and Commerece, Mira Road, Thane, Maharashtra., Muntasha Kanji ,   Student, Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Arts, Science and Commerece, Mira Road, Thane, Maharashtra., Sanika Sardesai ,   Student Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Arts, Science and Commerece, Mira Road, Thane, Maharashtra., Prashant Mishra ,   Student Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Arts, Science and Commerece, Mira Road, Thane, Maharashtra., Iqra Shaikh ,   Student Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Arts, Science and Commerece, Mira Road, Thane, Maharashtra.
Published: May 2024

The current research study focusses on the recovery and reuse of Nickel chloride obtained from Ni-(DMG)2complex prepared during an undergraduate chemistry practical course. The complex was decomposed by using different acids followed by cooling at room temperature and refrigeration. Nickel (II) in the form of Nickel chloride, Nickel sulphate and Nickel nitrate was obtained after the acid digestion process. The recovered Ni(II) solution obtained was further reused for Ni (DMG)2 complex preparation The recovery and reuse technique are an attempt towards reducing the environmental footprint in an undergraduate chemistry laboratory and towards sustainable laboratory management.
EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPREHENSIVE BODY MECHANICS ON LOW BACK PAIN AMONG STAFF NURSES WORKING IN CRITICAL CARE UNIT AND OPERATION THEATER
Authors:   M. Sc(N) II Year Student, Mohamed Sathak A.J College of Nursing, Chennai., Raja G. , Safreena I. ,   Principal, Mohamed Sathak A.J College of Nursing, Chennai., Josephin Mary Mercy ,   Assistant Professor, MohamedSathak A.J College of Nursing, Chennai.
Published: May 2024

Introduction:Low Back pain can affect the people from any age and any different reasons. As people gets older, the chance of developing chromic low back pain. Low back pain occur in the area of bony lumbar spine, discs between the vertebrae, ligaments around the spine and discs, spinal cord and nerves, lower back muscles, abdominal and pelvic internal organs, and the skin around the lumbar area. Aims: To assess the level of low back pain among staff nurses before and after comprehensive body mechanics among staff nurses. To assess the effectiveness of comprehensive body mechanics on low back pain among staff nurses. To find association between post interventional level of low back pain with the selected demographic and clinical variables among staff nurses. Methodology:Aquasiexperimentalstudywith one group pre test andposttestdesignwasselectedtoassesstheeffectivenessofcomprehensive body mechanics on low backpainamong staff nurses working in Critical care unit and Operation Theater.Samples were selected by using non probability convient sampling technique as per theinclusioncriteriaatBharathirajaa Hospital,T Nagar,Chennaiand the sample size is 60 staff nurses, and were 30 staff nurses from critical care unit and 30 from Operation theater were selected for Pre and Post test. Assessment of low back pain was done by numerical rating pain scale and comprehensive body mechanics were educated to the staff nurses and post test of low back pain was assessed bythe investigator andanalyzedusingDescriptiveandInferentialStatistics. Results:In one group, pre test mean score was 5.75 with S.D 2.48 and in post test mean score was 3.22 with S.D 1.44. The calculated t value of 9.26 shows statistical high significant difference in the low back pain at p<0.001 level between the one group pre test and post test. Low back pain had shown statistically significant association with the gender, BMI, working hours a day. And other demographic and clinical variables were not shown any statistically significant in one group pre test and post test. Conclusion: Thereby the researcher had demonstrated and educated the staff nurses who were working in Critical care unit and Operation Theater by maintain proper comprehensive body mechanics in minimizing the level of low back pain.
EARLY NEONATAL MORBIDITIES AMONG TERM AND LATE PRETERM INFANTS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE - A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department Of Paediatrics, Government Medical College Kannur, Kerala., Khalid Shahna , Pavithran Kavitha ,   Associate Professor, Department Of Paediatrics, Government Medical College Kannur, Kerala.
Published: May 2024

Background: Late preterm infants are the largest subgroup of preterm infants but they are also a group that is seldom studied. The overall NICU admission rates of these group has been increasing worldwide. Only few studies have been conducted to assess the neonatal morbidity and mortality in late preterm infants [1-4]. Understanding morbidity risk among late preterm infants important for helping newborn care providers to anticipate and to manage morbidity during the birth and also possibly assist in guiding nonemergency obstetric intervention decisions. The present study is an attempt to obtain actual data on incidence, pattern of early neonatal morbidities, and to compare it with term infants. Aims and Objectives: To compare early neonatal morbidity (within first 7 days of life) in late preterm infants with term infants. Methodology: A hospital based prospective observational study conducted among 110 newborns in postnatal ward & Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Government medical college, Kannur during 1year period (March 2022 - March 2023). Study population: All term & late preterm newborns of Government medical college, Kannur. We assessed morbidities like RDS, hypoglycemia, NEC, Jaundice, sepsis and HIE and compared the incidence between term and late preterm neonates during the study period. Results were analyzed using a statistical software package SPSS, version 20.0. Results: Among 110 study population ,43% were late term infants while 56% were term infants. Morbidities like RDS (22.9%), sepsis (8%), hypoglycemia (3%), neonatal jaundice (33%), NEC (16%), HIE (2%) were found to be significantly higher in late preterm infants when compared to term infants. Conclusion: Late preterm infants are at higher risk for a number of neonatal complications like respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal jaundice, sepsis, feeding problems, hypoglycemia and HIE. All these in turn leading to higher rates of NICU admission and late discharge from hospital during first seven days of life.
MODEL MONITORING WITH GRAFANA AND DYNATRACE: A COMPREHENSIVE FRAMEWORK FOR ENSURING ML MODEL PERFORMANCE
Authors:   Senior Data Engineer, Insurance Analytics & Researcher., Menon Vinod , Jesudas Joemon ,   Data Engineer, Insurance Analytics & Researcher., S.B Gopika ,   Data Scientist, Insurance Analytics & Researcher.
Published: May 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of Machine Learning (ML), ensuring the continued efficacy and reliability of deployed models is paramount. This paper introduces a robust framework for model monitoring, highlighting the capabilities of Grafana and Dynatrace. Grafana provides powerful visualization and alerting capabilities, while Dynatrace offers deep insights into system and application performance.By integrating these tools, organization can establish a holistic monitoring solution that tracks key performance indicators (KPIs), detects anomalies, and triggers alerts in real-time. This framework enables proactive management of model drift, data quality issues and resource utilization, thereby bolstering the trustworthiness of ML applications in production.Case studies and practical implementation guidelines illustrate the effectiveness of this approach across various industry domains. The proposed methodology represents a pivotal advancement in the field of ML model operations, facilitating enhanced decision-making, reduced downtime and heightened user satisfaction.
A New Approach In Metaheuristic Clustering: Coot Clustering
Authors: Kayhan Gökhan , İşeri İsmail
Published: May 2024

As a result of technological advancements, the increase in vast amounts of data in today's world has made artificial intelligence and data mining significantly crucial. In this context, the clustering process, which aims to explore hidden patterns and meaningful relationships within complex datasets by grouping similar features to conduct more effective analyses, holds vital importance. As an alternative to classical clustering methods that face challenges such as large volumes of data and computational complexities, a metaheuristic clustering method utilizing Coot Optimization (COOT), a swarm intelligence-based algorithm, has been proposed. COOT, inspired by the hunting stages of eagles and recently introduced into the literature, is a metaheuristic method. Through the proposed COOT metaheuristic clustering method, the aim is to contribute to the literature by leveraging COOT's robust exploration and exploitation processes, utilizing its dynamic and flexible structure. Comprehensive experimental clustering studies were conducted to evaluate the consistency and effectiveness of the COOT-based algorithm using randomly generated synthetic data and the widely used Iris dataset in the literature. The same datasets underwent analysis using the traditional clustering algorithm K-Means, renowned for its simplicity and computational speed, for comparative purposes. The performance of the algorithms was assessed using cluster validity measures such as Silhouette Global, Davies-Bouldin, Krznowski-Lai, and Calinski-Harabasz indices, along with the Total Squared Error (SSE) objective function. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm performs clustering at a competitive level with K-Means and shows potential, especially in multidimensional datasets and real-world problems. Despite not being previously used for clustering purposes, the impressive performance of COOT in some tests compared to the K-Means algorithm showcases its success and potential to pioneer different studies aimed at expanding its usage in the clustering domain.
Dereotu (Anethum graveolens) İnsan Yumurtalık Kanseri Hücre Hattı A2780 Üzerinde DNA Hasarına Neden Olmadan Hücre Ölümünü İndükler
Authors: Ekin Büşra , Günay Sevilay , Erden Yavuz
Published: May 2024

Entobotanik çalışmalar dereotunun (Anethum graveolens) antibakteriyal ve antioksidan etki sergilediğini ve bazı kanser türleri üzerine baskılayıcı özellik gösterdiği bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada dereotunun, insan yumurtalık kanseri hücre serisine karşı sitotoksik ve genotoksik etkilerini belirlemeyi amaçladık. Dereotu özütünün farklı konsantrasyonları insan yumurtalık kanseri hücre hattı (A2780) üzerine uygulandıktan sonra, özütün hücre canlılığı üzerine etkileri 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolyum bromür (MTT) testi ile belirlendi. Sonrasında, sitotoksik etki gösteren dozların hüre DNA’sı üzerine genotoksik etkileri tek hücre jel elektroforezi (Comet) yöntemi ile ortaya konuldu. Dereotunun 600 µg/mL ve üzeri dozları hücre canlılığını kontrol grubuna kıyasla önemli düzeyde azalttı (p
Dietary risk assessment of drinking water and fish from cultivated wetlands of Ndop
Authors: Nkwatoh Therese Ncheuveu , Fai Patricia Bi Asanga , Tchamba Martin Ngankam , Titaku Nokenyi Emmanuel
Published: May 2024

This study evaluated pesticide exposure practices, and the potential health risks of drinking water and consuming fish from the cultivated wetlands of Ndop, Cameroon. Six hundred and twenty-six questionnaires were conveniently administered to farmers (≥ 26 years old) in a cross-sectional study to assess exposure practices and dietary risks. The Chi-square and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to establish relationships between variables. The PRIMET model was used to predict a worst-case dietary risk. The pesticide handling practices of 90% of farmers were inadequate. Chlorpyriphos, lambda-cyhalothrin, fipronil, and paraquat dichloride posed a possible dietary risk at recommended and applied doses, with chlorpyrifos having the highest exposure toxicity ratio (ETRdiet = 36.72). Paraquat dichloride, fipronil, and lambda-cyhalothrin posed a possible dietary risk at 26.3%, 58.3%, and 62.2% of their recommended concentrations, respectively. Remarkably, the dietary risk for cypermethrin was acceptable at 5.8 times its recommended dose (ETRdietR = 0.29). The significant positive correlation (p = 0.000) between PECfish and ETRdiet, suggests a possible health risk of consuming fish and drinking water harvested from the wetlands, thus the need for replacing pesticides posing possible risks at lower or recommended concentrations with less toxic alternatives and to train farmers on pesticide application practices.
Pilot scale removal of organic micropollutants by combining ozonation with powdered activated carbon
Authors: Lind Petter , Sauvignet Philippe , Flodin Jonatan , Bourghardt Charlotte , Bengtsson Simon
Published: May 2024

Pilot experiments were conducted to assess the removal of organic micropollutants from biologically treated wastewater at a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Sweden. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) was combined with a low dose of ozone added directly before the PAC contact tank, enabling ozone to react simultaneously with the PAC and the wastewater contaminants. This combination of ozone and PAC was compared to PAC or ozone alone. The process, which included coagulation/flocculation and ballasted high-rate lamella sedimentation, proved to be both robust and efficient for the removal of micropollutants. The addition of 1.3 mg PAC/mg DOC resulted in a 73% average reduction of micropollutants. With the addition of 0.13 mg O3/mg DOC, the reduction increased to 83%, which was similar to the outcome with the addition of 2.6 mg PAC/mg DOC without ozone. The process configuration and operating conditions did not lead to any detectable bromate formation despite relatively high influent bromide levels. The estimated operating costs for combining PAC with a low dose of ozone were significantly lower than for applying a higher PAC dose. Thus, this way of combining PAC with ozone seems to have several advantages with respect to treatment efficiency and operation.
Machine learning-based ensemble model for groundwater quality prediction: A case study
Authors: Jose Annie , Yasala Srinivas
Published: May 2024

Groundwater quality is vital for public health and environmental sustainability. As managing large datasets is challenging for traditional methods, this study combines the hidden Markov model (HMM) and the artificial neural network (ANN), a machine learning-based ensemble model to predict groundwater quality in Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India. In order to train the model, the acquired data is cleaned and normalized. HMM is used to find hidden patterns while the ANN architecture is used to forecast groundwater quality categories. Accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and F1-scores calculation are necessary to evaluate the model's performance. The effectiveness of the approach can be analyzed by k-fold cross-validation scores. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the HMM–ANN approach in groundwater quality prediction with an accuracy of 97.41%. Thus, the research contributes to groundwater quality assessment by offering a unique methodology that facilitates informed decision-making for water resource management and environmental conservation.
Synthesis and characterization of faujasite zeolite membrane for selective enrichment of Arthrobacter sp. in synthetic wastewater
Authors: El-kordy Abderrazek , Kanzy Heba M. , Elgamouz Abdelaziz , Douma Mohamed , Mazouz Hamid , Kawde Abdel-Nasser , Tijani Najib
Published: May 2024

This paper centers on the preparation and characterization of both a clay support and a faujasite zeolite membrane. Additionally, the study explores the development of bacterial media to assess the performance of these prepared membranes. The faujasite zeolite membrane was created using the hydrothermal method, involving the deposition of a faujasite layer to fine-tune the pore sizes of the clay support. The clay supports were crafted from clay which was sieved to particle size Φ ≤ 63 μm, and compacted with 3.0 wt.% activated carbon, then sintered at 1,000 °C. Distilled water fluxes revealed a decrease from 1,500 L m−2 h−1 to a minimum of 412 L m−2 h−1 after 180 min of filtration. Both membranes were characterized by XRF, XRD, FTIR, adsorption–desorption of nitrogen (N2), and SEM-EDS. PCR technique was used for the identification of the isolated Arthrobacter sp., and the retention of the bacteria on the clay support and the faujasite zeolite membrane were found to be 96 and 99%, respectively. The results showed that the faujasite zeolite membrane passed the clay support due to a narrow pore size of the faujasite zeolite membrane of 2.28 nm compared to 3.55 nm for the clay supports.
SGLT2i Alleviates Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting NHE1 Activation to
Protect against Macrophage Senescence Induced by Angiotensin II
Authors: Cao Yang , Wang Tianhui , Tian Qian , Zhang Shuping , Zhu Yuan , Wang Lan , Li Nannan , Lei Miao , Mo Xiangang
Published: May 2024

Background::

Sodium-dependent glucose transporter (SGLT2) inhibitors (SGLT2i)
have been found to have anti-atherosclerotic effects in clinical treatment.

Objectives::

The aim of this study was to explore whether angiotensin II (Ang II) induces changes
in the expression of Na+/H+ exchanger of cytoplasmic membrane channel proteins (NHE1)
and SGLT2 in macrophages and whether dapagliflozin (DAPA), an SGLT2i, protects against
Ang II induced macrophage senescence by inhibiting NHE1 activation to alleviate Atherosclerosis
(AS).

Methods::

After intervention with DAPA plus gavage or feeding them a high-fat diet, the mice's
aortas were dissected, and oil red O staining was performed. Cell proliferation and toxicity detection,
western blot, immunofluorescence, and β-galactosidase staining methods were adopted
to detect cell activity, expressions of senescence-related genes, and number of senescent cells
after different concentrations of Ang II or DAPA or plasmid NHE1 were treated with
RAW264.7 cells.

Results::

(1) The formation of AS plaques in ApoE -/- mice showed a downward trend under
DAPA. (2) After the intervention of Ang II, the cell activity of RAW264.7 decreased, and the
expression of senescent cells and related genes increased. (3) Under the Ang II condition, the
expression of SGLT2 and NHE1 increased, and SGLT2, NHE1, and senescence-related genes
decreased with the addition of DAPA. (4) The expression of NHE1, senescent cells and related
genes decreased in RAW264.7 cells after DAPA treatment with plasmid NHE1 intervention.

Conclusion::

SGLT2i alleviates atherosclerosis by inhibiting NHE1 activation to protect against
macrophage senescence induced by Ang II.
Research on Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Involving the Use of In vivo and In vitro Models and Mechanisms
Authors: Sinha Sweta , Wal Pranay , Goudanavar Prakash , Divya Surisetti , Kimothi Vishwadeepak , Jyothi Divya , Sharma Mukesh Chandra , Wal Ankita
Published: May 2024

Background:

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized
by the progressive formation of extracellular amyloid plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary
tangles, inflammation, and impaired antioxidant systems. Early detection and intervention are
vital for managing AD effectively.

Objective:

This review scrutinizes both in-vivo and in-vitro screening models employed in Alzheimer's
disease research. In-vivo models, including transgenic mice expressing AD-related
mutations, offer profound insights into disease progression and potential therapeutic targets. A
thorough understanding of these models and mechanisms will facilitate the development of
novel therapies and interventions for Alzheimer's disease. This review aims to provide an overview
of the current experimental models in AD research, assess their strengths and weaknesses
as model systems, and underscore the future prospects of experimental AD modeling.

Methods:

We conducted a systematic literature search across multiple databases, such as Pub-
Med, Bentham Science, Elsevier, Springer Nature, Wiley, and Research Gate. The search strategy
incorporated pertinent keywords related to Alzheimer's disease, in-vivo models, in-vitro
models, and screening mechanisms. Inclusion criteria were established to identify studies focused
on in-vivo and in-vitro screening models and their mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease research.
Studies not meeting the predefined criteria were excluded from the review.

Results:

A well-structured experimental animal model can yield significant insights into the
neurobiology of AD, enhancing our comprehension of its pathogenesis and the potential for
cutting-edge therapeutic strategies. Given the limited efficacy of current AD medications, there
is a pressing need for the development of experimental models that can mimic the disease, particularly
in pre-symptomatic stages, to investigate prevention and treatment approaches. To address
this requirement, numerous experimental models replicating human AD pathology have
been established, serving as invaluable tools for assessing potential treatments.

Conclusion:

In summary, this comprehensive review underscores the pivotal role of in-vivo and
in-vitro screening models in advancing our understanding of Alzheimer's disease. These models
offer invaluable insights into disease progression, pathological mechanisms, and potential therapeutic
targets. By conducting a rigorous investigation and evaluation of these models and
mechanisms, effective screening and treatment methods for Alzheimer's disease can be devised.
The review also outlines future research directions and areas for enhancing AD screening models.
Tendering for Procurement Contracts in Case of Uncertainty about a Bidimensional Bid Valuation Metric: A Decision Analytic Methodology
Authors: Hernández Mario Luis Chew , Rosas Leopoldo Viveros , Romero Verónica Velázquez , Brugada Guadalupe Bosques
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

In some instances, when tendering for supplying goods to a purchaser,
the bidders know that bid evaluation is done in a multicriteria way but ignore the precise metric
used. This is the case, for example, of acquisitions by small and medium-sized businesses carried
out by inviting a handful of potential suppliers to advance a proposal for fulfilling some need and
informing them of criteria hurdle levels and worded statements of criteria preferred directions.

Method:

The uncertainty about bid assessment is compounded with that about competing bids,
making bid design increasingly difficult. This work presents a Decision Analysis-based methodology
for developing a model for bid preparation useful under said circumstances, aiming to take
advantage of the available knowledge of competitors’ capabilities and client’s preferences through
subjective probabilities.

Result:

A key feature of the methodology is the idea that the model of the bidder’s knowledge of
the client’s preferences for different criterion levels should separately consider the criterion type
and the likely size of its variation among bids. This allows basing the model on the assumption
that, to the client’s decision, a criterion becomes more important if the size of its variation among
bids grows, while it is rendered unimportant if it does not vary a lot among bids. After outlining
the general steps of the methodology, a simple, hypothetical case study is numerically worked out,
illustrating how the methodology is operationalized for a problem with two criteria and two levels.

Conclusion:

Finally, closing remarks on the potential practical usefulness of the presented
framework are provided.
Desequilibrios territoriales en el Departamento del Cauca
Authors: Osorio Garcés Carlos Enrique , Clavijo Gallego Tulio Andrés , Sanchez Castillo Verenice
Published: May 2024

Introducción: la compleja evolución histórica del Departamento, las transiciones de poder, las disparidades geográficas y sociales, así como el estado actual del territorio, confluyen y configuran un complejo escenario para la comprensión de su futuro. En un contexto severamente afectado los conflictos sociales, económicos, étnicos y de tenencia de tierra, mismos que presentan una intensidad mayor que en la mayoría de los espacios territoriales que conforman el país, es preciso examinar los indicadores con los cuales el gobierno define los niveles de desarrollo regional. Objetivo: el estudio estuvo encaminado a efectuar una mirada a las realidades que configuran los espacios materiales, basados en la espacialización, la teoría del desarrollo geográfico desigual y análisis de las principales categorías históricas. Reflexión: el texto reflexiona sobre los procesos de resistencia al modelamiento económico tradicional bajo el soporte de organizaciones sociales de carácter étnico-territorial, plantea y explora nuevos marcos de análisis que permitan un acercamiento comprensivo a lo que el Cauca es y convoca, así como señala puntos críticos a transformar. Conclusiones: la pesquisa conducida patenta la necesidad de una convocatoria a nuevos estudios interdisciplinares, que den voz a actores sociales, económicos y regionales que han sido invisibilizados por los centros de poder y una toma de decisiones que les es ajena.