bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hysteresis behavior in the unfolding/refolding processes of a protein trapped in metallo-cages
Authors: Nakama Takahiro , Rossen Anouk , Ebihara Risa , Yagi-Utsumi Maho , Fujita Daishi , Kato Koichi , Sato Sota , Fujita Makoto
Published: February 2023

Protein unfolding and refolding processes were analyzed by confinement in a metallo-cage that prevented the undesirable aggregation of its unfolding structures. The NMR observation revealed the hysteresis behavior of protein unfolding/refolding.
Triphenylamine-equipped 1,8-naphthaolactam: a versatile scaffold for the custom design of efficient subcellular imaging agents
Authors: Li Yingzhong , Chen Lizhen , Si Leilei , Yang Yang , Zhou Chunlei , Yu Fuqing , Xia Guomin , Wang Hongming
Published: February 2023

NP-TPA-Tars exhibits bright emission in various states with large Stokes and facile targeted modifications, and has improved imaging efficacy, better photostability than their commercial counterparts in imaging of targeted subcellular structures.
Facet-dependent Bi2MoO6 for highly efficient photocatalytic selective oxidation of sp3 C–H bonds using O2 as an oxidant
Authors: Yang Xiaojing , Li Xinju , Zhang Bao , Liu Taifeng , Chen Zhenpan
Published: February 2023

Photocatalytic selective oxidation of sp3 C–H bonds over Bi2MoO6 samples with {010} and {001} facets was achieved.
Design and synthesis of phenylene-bridged isoxazole and tetrazole-1-ol based energetic materials of low sensitivity
Authors: Lal Sohan , Staples Richard J. , Shreeve Jean'ne M.
Published: February 2023

A facile synthesis of phenylene-bridged insensitive energetic materials was developed. Most title compounds are suitable propellants for rocket propulsion and ethanol-based fuel blends. Three compounds are potential melt-castable energetic materials.
A new polar alkaline earth–rare earth iodate: Ba2Ce(IO3)8(H2O)
Authors: Zhang Xue-Ying , Zhang Xiao-Han , Yang Bing-Ping , Mao Jiang-Gao
Published: February 2023

A new polar iodate, Ba2Ce(IO3)8(H2O), with flower-shaped [Ce(IO3)8(H2O)]4− polyanions, exhibits a second-harmonic-generation (SHG) response about 0.2 times that of KH2PO4. The SHG response is closely related to the arrangement of the iodate groups.
Regioselective glucosylation of (+)-catechin using a new variant of sucrose phosphorylase from Bifidobacterium adolescentis
Authors: Demonceaux Marie , Goux Marine , Hendrickx Johann , Solleux Claude , Cadet Frédéric , Lormeau Émilie , Offmann Bernard , André-Miral Corinne
Published: February 2023

A new BaSP variant Q345F/P134D controls (+)-catechin glucosylation regioselectivity by modifying stabilisation interactions in the catalytic pocket of the enzyme.
A decentralized crypto network with dynamic threshold change
Authors: Song Wenpeng , Pei Xin , Li Ming
Published: February 2023

The threshold proxy re‐encryption (tPRE) algorithm not only ensures the separation of data ownership and use right, but also prevents a single data proxy from doing evil. In order to avoid collusion of multiple data proxies, this paper constructs a decentralized crypto network (DCN) based on blockchain technology and tPRE. DCN is more than a key management system, while expanding the data storage capacity of blockchain network. Combined with existing distributed storage schemes, it can store massive data. Due to Byzantine failure in distributed networks, the data proxy nodes can join or leave at will. In order to ensure that the number of data proxy nodes in the DCN network meets the requirements of the re‐encryption threshold, and the data authorization operation can be carried out smoothly, this paper presents a dynamic refresh method of tPRE fragments. When there are fragments that meet the threshold number in the network, the allocation of encrypted fragments can be adjusted non‐interactivity and self‐adaptively. Non‐interactivity means that each data proxy node independently refreshes its old fragments into new fragments without collecting old fragments from other nodes in the DCN, and then distributes the new fragments to other data proxy nodes in the DCN. Self‐adaptability refers to monitoring the changes of data proxy node sets in the DCN, and automatically refreshing fragments. Finally, the performance of critical algorithms is calculated in the proposal.
Block workshop spatial scheduling based on cellular automata modelling and optimization
Authors: Chen Yong , Lin Xuanhao , Yi Wenchao
Published: February 2023

Block fabrication is the process that has the greatest impact on shipbuilding efficiency, so block spatial scheduling is widely studied as the key to improving shipbuilding efficiency. The shipbuilding spatial scheduling problem addresses the coupling characteristics of time and space. It is difficult to balance these two aspects. Based on the characteristics of spatial scheduling problems in shipbuilding enterprises, a three‐dimensional space that uses time as the third dimension is imported, and a cellular automata model along with some evolutionary rules is built, which includes shape optimization rules, cluster or edge rule‐based layout rules, and First Come First Service dispatching rules. The objectives are to achieve the minimum total completion time, the largest utilization of space and machine, and the least number of delay blocks. Taking the real data in a block workshop of a shipbuilding enterprise as an example, the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm are verified by comparing the statistical analysis with other algorithms.
Design and implementation of flyback converter design and control of driving power supply for unmanned robot
Authors: Meng Lingfeng , Dai Yingpeng , Wang Songfeng , Zhuang Keyu , Sun Fushan , He Dengfeng , Wang Aihua
Published: February 2023

In accordance with the requirements of unmanned robot driving power supply for power supply reliability, strong power output, and portability, this paper introduces a design scheme for unmanned robot driving power supply on the basis of a flyback converter, establishes the mathematical model of driving power supply (flyback converter), designs the transformer part of a flyback converter, and recommends a straightforward and efficient clamping circuit to enhance it. The controller of the flyback converter is designed in detail. Ultimately, the feasibility and effectiveness of the design method in the driving power supply of unmanned robots are demonstrated by simulation and experiments.
Autonomous control of multiple quadrotors for collision‐free navigation
Authors: Raj Jai , Raghuwaiya Krishna , Havea Robin , Vanualailai Jito
Published: February 2023

This paper addresses the development of a set of novel autonomous control laws for the navigation of multiple mini or micro quadrotors in a workspace populated with cylindrical obstacles. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that such a set of control inputs for the autonomous control of multiple quadrotors and avoidance of cylindrical obstacles is being derived from a single Lyapunov function. The avoidance of the cylindrical obstacles is achieved via a Minimum Distance Technique that allows a quadrotor to avoid the closest point on the curved surface of a cylinder at every unit time. In addition, the novel controllers ensure a near‐to‐horizontal orientation of a quadrotor at every unit time and the hovering motion exhibited by the quadrotor in a neighborhood of its target. The hovering capability has been solved completely in this paper by solving the underactuatedness of the quadrotor which allows for the design of the maximum translational velocities needed for vertical take‐off and landing, and hovering. This is important in applications where payloads are sensitive to acrobatic orientations. Computer simulations that mimic real‐life scenarios using cylindrical towers as obstacles in a city‐like environment illustrates the effectiveness of the controllers.
A combined unsupervised learning approach for electricity theft detection and loss estimation
Authors: Xu Liangcai , Shao Zhenguo , Chen Feixiong
Published: February 2023

Electricity theft is a great trouble for power companies. As the means of tampering with smart meters continue to increase, the electricity theft behaviours become more diversified and covert, which are difficult to be identified using the existing electricity theft detection method. In addition, the existing methods usually cannot estimate the economic losses caused by electricity theft. To address these issues, a combined unsupervised learning approach for electricity theft detection and loss estimation is proposed in this study. First, three anomaly measurement indexes including the mean index, fluctuation index, and trend index are proposed to capture different anomalies respectively. Then, based on historical electricity consumption data, we develop two unsupervised learning techniques including the sample‐to‐subsamples decomposition algorithm and clustering algorithm to obtain the typical ranges of index values, and the load samples whose index values are not in the typical ranges will be considered fraudulent. Furthermore, three anomaly measurement indexes are combined to judge whether the load sample is fraudulent, and the user whose most load samples are judged fraudulent will be considered as an electricity thief. Finally, an economic loss estimation method is proposed, which quantifies the losses of electricity theft. Numerical experiments are carried out based on the Irish smart meter dataset, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness and the superior performance of the proposed method compared with a series of electricity theft detection methods.
InGaAsSb/GaAsSb quantum dot structures
Authors: Oleiwi Mushtaq Obaid , Al‐Nashy Baqer O. , Ajeel Sadeq Kh. , Al‐Khursan Amin H.
Published: February 2023

This work studies the modal gain from quaternary quantum dots (QD) structures at different mole fractions of the structure. The quaternary structures are more flexible in attaining lattice‐matching systems. First, the In‐ and As‐mole fractions are varied. Four In‐mole fractions are studied and 0.07), and their emitted wavelengths cover the range . Both In‐ and the As‐mole fraction increment results in a red‐shifted wavelength. Doping is also investigated where the structures are exhibited five times increment of modal gain, and the wavelength is blue‐shifted under doping. A multi‐peak behaviour is exhibited by these structures, which is essential in applications for choosing the required wavelength. These results promise that these structures can work in UV, visible, and infrared (IR) wavelength ranges.
Transient stability constrained distributed optimal dispatch for microgrids: A state‐based potential game approach
Authors: Yuan Wenkai , Chen Laijun , Zheng Tianwen , Deng Sicheng , Mei Shengwei
Published: February 2023

The increasing proportion of renewable energy generation (REG) brings severe challenges to the optimal dispatch and stability control of microgrids. On the one hand, the dynamics of REG result in new stability problems. On the other hand, it is difficult to harmonize the benefits of distributed generators (DGs) since they often belong to different owners. To this end, this paper proposes a distributed optimal dispatching method using state‐based potential game theory, which considers both system stability and individual economy. First, an optimal dispatching model is constructed for microgrid containing various DGs. The transient stability constraint (TSC) of microgrid is given based on dissipation theory. Then, by treating each node as an agent, the optimization model is converted into a multi‐agent potential game with a state space. And a distributed algorithm is developed which is capable of handling coupled constraints. To implement the proposed method, updating rules are designed with respect to TSC based on Gerschgorin theorem, and the convergence of the algorithm are discussed. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can maximize the benefits of each DG without the participation of control centre, while the ability of the microgrid to resist large disturbances is also guaranteed.
Effective scale‐generation scheme based shape descriptor for fast leaf recognition and retrieval
Authors: Xu Guoqing
Published: February 2023

Plant species recognition using leaf images is a very challenging task in the field of pattern recognition. In this paper, an effective scale‐generation scheme is proposed to extract leaf contour features. For each point on sampled leaf contour, the scale‐generation scheme iteratively utilized trisections of leaf contour to find paired neighbour points under different scales. Then paired neighbour points under each scale were used to extract angle information to form multi‐scale angle representation. Subsequently, Fast Fourier transform was applied on the multi‐scale angle representation to make it compact and facilitate similarity measurement. City block metric was used to compute similarity between leaves for retrieval task. Both Support Vector Machine and 1‐nearest neighbour were used as classifiers for recognition. Finally, the proposed descriptor was evaluated on four challenging leaf datasets, including Swedish, Flavia, MEW2012 and ImageCLEF 2012 datasets. The recognition accuracy of the proposed descriptor over Swedish and Flavia datasets reaches 97.03% and 94.03%, respectively. The mean average precision scores over Swedish, Flavia, MEW2012 and ImageCLEF 2012 datasets are 77.39%, 69.47%, 47.51% and 37.13%, respectively. Performance comparisons with both classical and state‐of‐the‐art methods were made in terms of performance evaluation metrics. The results demonstrate that the proposed method has prominent performance.
Evidence for globular cluster collapse after a dwarf-dwarf merger: A potential nuclear star cluster in formation
Authors: Román J. , Sánchez-Alarcón P. M. , Knapen J. H. , Peletier R.
Published: February 2023

Direct observational evidence for the creation of nuclear star clusters (NSCs) is needed to support the proposed scenarios for their formation. We analysed the dwarf galaxy UGC 7346, located in the peripheral regions of the Virgo Cluster, to highlight a series of properties that indicate the formation of a NSC caught in its earlier stages. First, we report on remnants of a past interaction in the form of diffuse streams or shells, suggesting a recent merging of two dwarf galaxies with a 1:5 stellar mass ratio. Second, we identify a number of globular cluster (GC) candidates that are broadly compatible in colour with the main component that is both more extended and more massive. Strikingly, we find these GCs candidates to be highly concentrated towards the centre of the galaxy (RGC = 0.41 Re). We suggest that the central concentration of the GCs is likely produced by the dynamical friction of this merger. This would make UGC 7346 a unique case of a galaxy caught in the earlier stages of NSC formation. The formation of NSCs due to collapse of GCs by dynamical friction in dwarf mergers would provide a natural explanation of the environmental correlations found for the nucleation fraction for early-type dwarf galaxies, whereby denser environments host galaxies with a higher nucleation fraction.
Analysis of the microstructural features of phase transformation during hardening processes of 3 martensitic stainless steels
Authors: Santos Thiago , Chaubet Danièle , Da Silva Botelho Tony , Poize Guillaume , Bacroix Brigitte
Published: February 2023

The present paper investigates the microstructural features and associated hardening state of three different martensitic stainless steels (CX13, XD15 and MLX17 produced by Aubert&Duval), subjected to three different thermomechanical treatments, aimed at producing hard materials for tribological applications. It is thus shown that all treatments (cementation, HF quenching or Age Hardening) are efficient to produce hard surfaces. The bulk martensitic state is also studied. Although the three martensites look somewhat different, it is shown that the transformation always obeys the KS orientation relationship with some variant selection, which produces a significant amount of twin boundaries. These results are quite different from those found in low C steels. Based on a quantitative analysis of the EBSD microstructures, a quantification of the various relative hardening contributions (phase transformation, grain size, dislocation density, solid solution effect or precipitation) is then proposed.
Development of low-cost weathering steel for photovoltaic supports
Authors: Li Guannan , Guo Xiaopei , Li Tao , Wang Shuoyang
Published: February 2023

The demand for galvanized steels used for the photovoltaic supports has been increasing significantly with the widely application of photovoltaic equipment. However, the producing progress of galvanized steel has caused serious environment pollution which mainly includes water pollution and soil pollution. Therefore, the alternatives of galvanized steel are sought by numerous steel manufactures. Weathering steel emerged as one of its substitutes. In this paper, three types of weathering steel were developed as substitutes for galvanized steel Q235. The mechanical properties and wet-dry accelerated tests were carried out for the steel. The surface morphology, composition and element distribution of the corrosion products were analyzed in detail. Additionally, the weight loss and corrosion rate of the weathering steel after service of 20 and 30 years were predicted according to the results of current work and the testing data of National Environmental Corrosion Platform for Material. The results show that all the weathering steels could fulfill the required grade of the mechanical properties. Compared with Q235, the corrosion rate of Type 2 is the most suitable in the three types of weathering steels for photovoltaic supports and decreases by 30.3% after 20 years and by 31.0% after 30 years while the steel costs less pricey alloys.
COP’INF : influence de la formation aux gestes et soins d’urgence sur les stratégies d’ajustement mises en place par les étudiantes en soins infirmiers face à une situation d’urgence simulée
Authors: Soares Cécile , Tuzin Nicolas , Delacour Chloé
Published: February 2023

Contexte : Les étudiantes en soins infirmiers (ESI) de première année peuvent être confrontées à la difficulté de gérer leur stress face à une situation d’urgence dès leurs premiers stages. Buts : Cette étude a pour objectif de connaître l’impact de la formation aux gestes et soins d’urgence (GSU) sur les stratégies d’ajustement mises en place par les ESI face à une situation d’urgence simulée. Méthodes : Il s’agit d’une étude interventionnelle comparative recourant à un échantillon contrôle de disponibilité. Dix-huit ESI ayant bénéficié de la formation aux GSU lors de leur première année d’études et 18 ESI n’ayant pas encore bénéficié de cette formation ont toutes été confrontées à une simulation d’un malaise hypoglycémique. Les stratégies d’ajustement des deux groupes ont été évaluées à l’aide du questionnaire d’ajustement « Ways of coping checklist ». Une analyse descriptive a permis de présenter et de comparer les caractéristiques des deux groupes d’étudiantes. Une analyse multivariée sur les stratégies d’ajustement centrées sur le problème et sur l’émotion a été ensuite réalisée. Résultats : À la suite d’une formation aux GSU, les ESI de première année optent plus en faveur de stratégies d’ajustement centrées sur le problème et moins en faveur de celles centrées sur l’émotion. Conclusion : Dans les conditions de l’étude, une formation préalable aux GSU de niveau 1 avant leur départ en stage permettrait aux ESI de mieux gérer leur stress face à une situation d’urgence dans un dispositif recourant à la simulation. Le transfert d’un tel bénéfice en contexte professionnel réel reste à documenter.
Diagnostisches und therapeutisches Management der Episkleritis und Skleritis
Authors: Turgut Ferhat , Dingerkus Vita , Tappeiner Christoph , Becker Matthias
Published: February 2023

Das schmerzhafte „rote Auge“ ist wohl das auffälligste Zeichen einer Augenerkrankung, hinter der milde, aber auch schwere Verläufe stecken können. Die Episkleritis und Skleritis sind hierbei wichtige Differenzialdiagnosen. Die rechtzeitige Diagnose ist nicht nur wichtig für die notwendige Therapie, sondern kann vor einer irreversiblen Visusminderung, einem Augenverlust sowie Organschäden schützen und ggf. sogar das Mortalitätsrisiko senken.
Quality Improvement Initiative Implementation at the Unit or Hospital Level
Authors: Colley Alexis , Wick Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

Quality improvement efforts take considerable commitment, including mentorship, training, and resources. Leveraging an established framework, such as that outlined by the American College of Surgeons, to design, implement, and analyze quality improvement projects offers the best chance for success. Herein, we illustrate the application of this framework to a gap in advance care planning for surgical patients. This article helps outline how to go from identifying and outlining a problem, to articulating a clearly defined project goal that is specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timebound, and later implementing and analyzing a gap in quality identified at the unit (e.g., service line, inpatient unit, clinic) or hospital level.
Asymptotic behavior of the forecast–assimilation process with unstable dynamics
Authors: Crisan Dan , Ghil Michael
Published: February 2023

Extensive numerical evidence shows that the assimilation of observations has a stabilizing effect on unstable dynamics, in numerical weather prediction, and elsewhere. In this paper, we apply mathematically rigorous methods to show why this is so. Our stabilization results do not assume a full set of observations and we provide examples where it suffices to observe the model’s unstable degrees of freedom.
Broken bond models, magic-sized clusters, and nucleation theory in nanoparticle synthesis
Authors: Weatherspoon Howard , Peters Baron
Published: February 2023

Magic clusters are metastable faceted nanoparticles that are thought to be important and, sometimes, observable intermediates in the nucleation of certain faceted crystallites. This work develops a broken bond model for spheres with a face-centered-cubic packing that form tetrahedral magic clusters. With just one bond strength parameter, statistical thermodynamics yield a chemical potential driving force, an interfacial free energy, and free energy vs magic cluster size. These properties exactly correspond to those from a previous model by Mule et al. [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 143, 2037 (2021)]. Interestingly, a Tolman length emerges (for both models) when the interfacial area, density, and volume are treated consistently. To describe the kinetic barriers between magic cluster sizes, Mule et al. invoked an energy parameter to penalize the two-dimensional nucleation and growth of new layers in each facet of the tetrahedra. According to the broken bond model, barriers between magic clusters are insignificant without the additional edge energy penalty. We estimate the overall nucleation rate without predicting the rates of formation for intermediate magic clusters by using the Becker–Döring equations. Our results provide a blueprint for constructing free energy models and rate theories for nucleation via magic clusters starting from only atomic-scale interactions and geometric considerations.
Frequency combs in quantum cascade lasers: An overview of modeling and experiments
Authors: Silvestri Carlo , Qi Xiaoqiong , Taimre Thomas , Bertling Karl , Rakić Aleksandar D.
Published: February 2023

Over the past decade, the demonstration of frequency combs has been reported in a wide range of quantum cascade lasers. These combs have huge potential in applications, including spectroscopy, sensing, imaging, and communication domains. In this perspective review, we explore the modeling and experimental state of the art on frequency combs in mid-infrared and terahertz quantum cascade lasers, 10 years since the first demonstrations that these devices can spontaneously generate combs.
Noncommutative Yang model and its generalizations
Authors: Meljanac S. , Mignemi S.
Published: February 2023

Long time ago, Yang [Phys. Rev. 72, 874 (1947)] proposed a model of noncommutative spacetime that generalized the Snyder model to a curved background. In this paper, we review his proposal and the generalizations that have been suggested during the years. In particular, we discuss the most general algebras that contain as subalgebras both de Sitter and Snyder algebras, preserving Lorentz invariance, and are generated by a two-parameter deformation of the canonical Heisenberg algebra. We also define their realizations on quantum phase space, giving explicit examples, both exact and in terms of a perturbative expansion in deformation parameters.
The aerodynamic effects of forelimb pose on the gliding flight of Draco lizards
Authors: Lau Alex Siu Hong , Ma Zhaokai , Huang Xun
Published: February 2023

Gliding arboreal lizards in the genus Draco possess a pair of patagia, which are thin wing membranes supported by highly elongated thoracic ribs and can be actively folded and unfolded. The uniqueness of Draco gliding flight is that the forelimbs of Draco can move freely independent of the patagia, which are the main lifting surfaces. During the main glide phase, the entire forelimbs are straightened, abducted from the body, and held very close to the patagial leading edges. The reasons for adopting this abducted pose have not been investigated before, especially from the perspective of fluid physics. In this study, wind tunnel experiments and computational simulations are conducted to compare the aerodynamic performances of the abducted pose with two other poses, which have the forelimbs held away from the patagial leading edges. The results show that the abducted pose leads to the highest maximum lift coefficient. This aerodynamic advantage is caused by the larger leading-edge radius due to the abducted forelimbs and small gaps between the abducted forelimbs and the patagial leading edges. Furthermore, it is found that the low aspect ratio of the patagium (0.985) allows the wingtip vortex to energize the flow over the top patagial surface at high angles of attack, which leads to a gentle stall characteristic. The current results also show the existence of distinct leading-edge vortices up to moderate angles of attack. Overall, this work deepens our understanding of the gliding flight aerodynamics of Draco lizards and is useful for future artificial flying machine applications.
Plastic waste in surface waters of an urban estuary
Authors: Santos Elizângela Alves dos , Silva Cavalcanti Jacqueline Santos
Published: February 2023

Context Plastic pollution is a threat to ecosystems and is a global problem. Aims We evaluated the spatio-temporal degradation stage of plastic waste found in surface waters (<1 m) of the Capibaribe River estuary. Methods The analysed waste items were sampled in three distinct areas within the estuary, namely, upper, middle and lower regions. Key results In total, 381 items of debris were classified as macroplastics (≤25 mm), with soft fragments (83.9%) and hard fragments (4.9%) being predominant. Advanced degradation stage occurred throughout the estuary (90.5%). A concentration of 1757 microplastics (<2.2 mm) was found predominant in the upper and middle regions. Soft fragments corresponded to the most abundant type (69%). Conclusion In the middle estuary, a plastic hotspot was observed, caused by the flood tide flow, river flow and the flow of a tributary, forming a convergence cell that helps retain plastic debris for long periods. Implications Identifying the origin, sources and how the hydrodynamic characteristics influence the distribution of plastic debris along the estuary is relevant because it will help decision-makers to develop municipal and state action plans for the recovery of this ecosystem.
Inversion of pop-out for a distracting feature dimension in monkey visual cortex
Authors: Klink P. Christiaan , Teeuwen Rob R. M. , Lorteije Jeannette A. M. , Roelfsema Pieter R.
Published: February 2023

During visual search, it is important to reduce the interference of distracting objects in the scene. The neuronal responses elicited by the search target stimulus are typically enhanced. However, it is equally important to suppress the representations of distracting stimuli, especially if they are salient and capture attention. We trained monkeys to make an eye movement to a unique “pop-out” shape stimulus among an array of distracting stimuli. One of these distractors had a salient color that varied across trials and differed from the color of the other stimuli, causing it to also pop-out. The monkeys were able to select the pop-out shape target with high accuracy and actively avoided the pop-out color distractor. This behavioral pattern was reflected in the activity of neurons in area V4. Responses to the shape targets were enhanced, while the activity evoked by the pop-out color distractor was only briefly enhanced, directly followed by a sustained period of pronounced suppression. These behavioral and neuronal results demonstrate a cortical selection mechanism that rapidly inverts a pop-out signal to “pop-in” for an entire feature dimension thereby facilitating goal-directed visual search in the presence of salient distractors.
Exploiting the intrinsic misfolding propensity of the KRAS oncoprotein
Authors: Janssen Kobe , Claes Filip , Van de Velde Dido , Wehbi Vanessa L. , Houben Bert , Lampi Yulia , Nys Mieke , Khodaparast Laleh , Khodaparast Ladan , Louros Nikolaos , van der Kant Rob , Verniers Joffre , Garcia Teresa , Ramakers Meine , Konstantoulea Katerina , Maragkou Katerina , Duran-Romaña Ramon , Musteanu Mónica , Barbacid Mariano , Scorneaux Bernard , Beirnaert Els , Schymkowitz Joost , Rousseau Frederic
Published: February 2023

Mutant KRAS is a major driver of oncogenesis in a multitude of cancers but remains a challenging target for classical small molecule drugs, motivating the exploration of alternative approaches. Here, we show that aggregation-prone regions (APRs) in the primary sequence of the oncoprotein constitute intrinsic vulnerabilities that can be exploited to misfold KRAS into protein aggregates. Conveniently, this propensity that is present in wild-type KRAS is increased in the common oncogenic mutations at positions 12 and 13. We show that synthetic peptides (Pept-ins™) derived from two distinct KRAS APRs could induce the misfolding and subsequent loss of function of oncogenic KRAS, both of recombinantly produced protein in solution, during cell-free translation and in cancer cells. The Pept-ins exerted antiproliferative activity against a range of mutant KRAS cell lines and abrogated tumor growth in a syngeneic lung adenocarcinoma mouse model driven by mutant KRAS G12V. These findings provide proof-of-concept that the intrinsic misfolding propensity of the KRAS oncoprotein can be exploited to cause its functional inactivation.
The SLC25A47 locus controls gluconeogenesis and energy expenditure
Authors: Yook Jin-Seon , Taxin Zachary H. , Yuan Bo , Oikawa Satoshi , Auger Christopher , Mutlu Beste , Puigserver Pere , Hui Sheng , Kajimura Shingo
Published: February 2023

Mitochondria provide essential metabolites and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for the regulation of energy homeostasis. For instance, liver mitochondria are a vital source of gluconeogenic precursors under a fasted state. However, the regulatory mechanisms at the level of mitochondrial membrane transport are not fully understood. Here, we report that a liver-specific mitochondrial inner-membrane carrier SLC25A47 is required for hepatic gluconeogenesis and energy homeostasis. Genome-wide association studies found significant associations between SLC25A47 and fasting glucose, HbA1c, and cholesterol levels in humans. In mice, we demonstrated that liver-specific depletion of SLC25A47 impaired hepatic gluconeogenesis selectively from lactate, while significantly enhancing whole-body energy expenditure and the hepatic expression of FGF21. These metabolic changes were not a consequence of general liver dysfunction because acute SLC25A47 depletion in adult mice was sufficient to enhance hepatic FGF21 production, pyruvate tolerance, and insulin tolerance independent of liver damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mechanistically, SLC25A47 depletion leads to impaired hepatic pyruvate flux and malate accumulation in the mitochondria, thereby restricting hepatic gluconeogenesis. Together, the present study identified a crucial node in the liver mitochondria that regulates fasting-induced gluconeogenesis and energy homeostasis.
A nucleolar long “non-coding” RNA encodes a novel protein that functions in response to stress
Authors: Feng Shuang , Desotell Anthony , Ross Alison , Jovanovic Marko , Manley James L.
Published: February 2023

Certain long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to contain small open reading frames that can be translated. Here we describe a much larger 25 kDa human protein, “
R
ibosomal
I
GS
E
ncoded
P
rotein” (RIEP), that remarkably is encoded by the well-characterized RNA polymerase (RNAP) II-transcribed nucleolar “promoter and pre-rRNA antisense” lncRNA (
PAPAS
). Strikingly, RIEP, which is conserved throughout primates but not found in other species, predominantly localizes to the nucleolus as well as mitochondria, but both exogenously expressed and endogenous RIEP increase in the nuclear and perinuclear regions upon heat shock (HS). RIEP associates specifically with the rDNA locus, increases levels of the RNA:DNA helicase Senataxin, and functions to sharply reduce DNA damage induced by heat shock. Proteomics analysis identified two mitochondrial proteins, C1QBP and CHCHD2, both known to have mitochondrial and nuclear functions, that we show interact directly, and relocalize following heat shock, with RIEP. Finally, it is especially notable that the rDNA sequences encoding RIEP are multifunctional, giving rise to an RNA that functions both as RIEP messenger RNA (mRNA) and as
PAPAS
lncRNA, as well as containing the promoter sequences responsible for rRNA synthesis by RNAP I. Our work has thus not only shown that a nucleolar “non-coding” RNA in fact encodes a protein, but also established a novel link between mitochondria and nucleoli that contributes to the cellular stress response.
Strong cube texture formation of Ni5W/Ni9.3W/Ni5W composite thin substrates for YBCO-coated conductors
Authors: Liu Jing , Suo Hongli , Zhang Zili , Ji Yaotang , Li Jiazhi , Wang Lanjin , Wang Lei , Wang Qiuliang
Published: February 2023

The Ni-5 at.%W/Ni-9.3 at.%W/Ni-5 at.%W alloy composite substrate with a thickness of 109 μm was produced by powder metallurgy and rolling process. The composite substrates with different thicknesses were produced by electrochemically polishing the outer layer of each substrate. When the thickness of the composite substrate was reduced to 72 μm, the cubic texture could still reach 97.3% by using electron backscatter diffraction. Moreover, its saturation magnetization only reached 2.3 (emu/g). Finally, the cubic texture of composite substrates was found to vary in thickness thinning because the grain growth mechanism between the inner and outer layers is different. The inner layer defect has a “pin” effect on grain boundary migration, and in the outer layer, the cubic grain grows more easily to the surface and along the rolling direction. However, the formation of cubic-oriented grains is hindered by the twin defects in the inner layer.
An interaction between β′-COP and the ArfGAP, Glo3, maintains post-Golgi cargo recycling
Authors: Xie Boyang , Guillem Clara , Date Swapneeta S. , Cohen Cameron I. , Jung Christian , Kendall Amy K. , Best Jordan T. , Graham Todd R. , Jackson Lauren P.
Published: February 2023

The essential COPI coat mediates retrieval of transmembrane proteins at the Golgi and endosomes following recruitment by the small GTPase, Arf1. ArfGAP proteins regulate COPI coats, but molecular details for COPI recognition by ArfGAPs remain elusive. Biochemical and biophysical data reveal how β′-COP propeller domains directly engage the yeast ArfGAP, Glo3, with a low micromolar binding affinity. Calorimetry data demonstrate that both β′-COP propeller domains are required to bind Glo3. An acidic patch on β′-COP (D437/D450) interacts with Glo3 lysine residues located within the BoCCS (binding of coatomer, cargo, and SNAREs) region. Targeted point mutations in either Glo3 BoCCS or β′-COP abrogate the interaction in vitro, and loss of the β′-COP/Glo3 interaction drives Ste2 missorting to the vacuole and aberrant Golgi morphology in budding yeast. These data suggest that cells require the β′-COP/Glo3 interaction for cargo recycling via endosomes and the TGN, where β′-COP serves as a molecular platform to coordinate binding to multiple proteins, including Glo3, Arf1, and the COPI F-subcomplex.
Distribution grid fault diagnosis based on fault indicator and random matrix
Authors: Li Fan , He Xing , Chen Ran , Wu Yi , Tian Yingjie
Published: February 2023

The analysis and utilization of massive recording data of distribution grid fault indicator is beneficial to improve the effect of distribution grid fault diagnosis. In this paper, the distribution grid monitoring are realized by the random matrix theory (RMT) of high dimensional statistical analysis. The fault diagnosis method based on RMT has the advantages of no need for detailed distribution grid topology, comprehensive utilization of wide-area spatiotemporal data, and observation from a muti-dimensional view. By explaining the application principle of limit spectrum distribution function, the linear eigenvalue statistics (LES) is proposed as the state monitoring index. Distribution grid fault diagnosis based on fault indicator and RMT provides a new data-driven method for distribution grid fault diagnosis while efficiently utilizing massive fault indicator data.
Supply chain quality level decision considering block-chain technology
Authors: Zheng Jinyan , Feng Liangqing
Published: February 2023

Aiming at the problem of unqualified product quality, a two-level supply chain game model under two modes is established. The backward induction method is used to solve the decision variables to be analyzed and explore the application conditions of blockchain technology. We found that the supply chain with the smaller application cost, the smaller qualified rate of product quality and service quality, and the larger loss of reputation is the most suitable to use blockchain technology. Product quality, service quality and market price are improved. In addition, we also discuss the influence of sensitivity coefficient on product quality and service quality. The smaller the cost coefficient of product quality and the larger the importance of product quality are, the better the effect of product quality improvement is. The smaller the cost coefficient of service quality and the larger the importance of service quality are, the better the effect of service quality improvement is. It provides a reliable basis for better quality decision.
EKConv: Compressing Convolutional Neural Networks with Evolutionary Kernel Convolution
Authors: Yang Dengjie , Chen Zhiwei , Sun Yi , He Qing , Ye Shiwei , Chen Deyuan
Published: February 2023

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved tremendous success in visual recognition tasks but mainly rely on massive learnable parameters. To solve this problem, many effective and efficient convolution operators have been proposed, such as group-wise convolution, point-wise convolution, and depth-wise convolution. However, the above convolution operations model and optimize the weight relationship within the same convolutional layer. To reduce the network parameters, we explicitly construct the relationship between convolution kernels of adjacent layers. Specifically, we propose an evolutionary kernel convolution, namely EKConv, to generate weight parameters by group-wise convolution efficiently. In particular, EKConv makes the kernel parameters of the current convolutional layer inherit from its preceding adjacent kernel, which promotes the information exchange between convolution kernels. More importantly, EKConv is a novel plug-and-play module that can be easily embedded into mainstream CNNs. Extensive experimental results show that EKConv can compress the parameters of CNNs by a large margin yet barely sacrifice image classification performance.
Research on pollution identification of catenary insulator based on Improved Gray Wolf algorithm
Authors: Li Zhiyuan , Wang Zhicheng , Zhan Mingxing
Published: February 2023

Support vector machines are used as classifiers for the contact network insulator fouling level recognition model. To improve the accuracy of the recognition model, the search strategy of the gray wolf algorithm is improved, the population is initialized using chaotic mapping rules, and the position of individual gray wolves is updated based on a dynamic weighting strategy. The improved algorithm is applied to the kernel parameter and penalty factor seeking of SVM to find out the optimized parameters to construct the recognition model, and the recognition status of several other intelligent algorithms is compared. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of insulator fouling level recognition and has certain engineering application value.
Sentinel-2 Research on the Detection and Classification Methods of Maritime Ship Targets from Remote Sensing Images
Authors: He Junjie , Lin Yinan , Shi Fangzhe , Fu Jiajun , Chen Boning
Published: February 2023

There are problems such as low recognition accuracy and large classification error in the existing classification methods for ship identification based on optical remote sensing images. In this paper, we will analyze the characteristics of ships and determine the indicative factors for applying remote sensing to monitor ships in combination with optical remote sensing images. Using optical remote sensing image data, combined with U-Net and AttU-Net deep neural network models, we assist in extracting new remote sensing indices with strong generality and clear physical meaning, and establishing rules for monitoring ships, so as to establish a more general and clear physical meaning of the monitoring and identification method of remote sensing satellite images. The method is applied and evaluated with port optical remote sensing image data. The data show that compared with traditional machine learning methods, the accuracy of ship monitoring using U-Net and AttU-Net deep learning models in this paper reaches 89.04%, and the recall rate and accuracy rate are better than SVM. it shows that the model can detect ships effectively.
Bayes-based air pollution computer measurement and big data outlier detection model
Authors: Liu Fuquan , Yu Tao , Song Guangjia , Yang Jie
Published: February 2023

In today’s rapidly changing social environment, high-dimensional data abound, but not all data are meaningful. In order to reduce costs and reduce consumption, people are more interested in some important variables. Therefore, variable selection of high-dimensional data is an important research direction. Based on the Bayesian method, it stands out among many variable selection methods with effective estimation efficiency and flexible mechanism, and it is also suitable for parametric and non-parametric models. Thanks to the flexibility of the statistical conclusion inference process, combined with prior information, the actual results are more accurate. At present, many indoor pollution problems, including decoration pollution, are getting more and more attention, and its air pollution calculations are obviously very important. Indoor air quality not only directly affects the comfort of the human body, but also significantly affects the work efficiency of family members. As a result of the development of the new digital economy, digital mining technology based on big data has brought unprecedented new development methods to various fields. This paper establishes an outlier detection model, identifies data processes that are significantly different from the normal data set or expected value, and cleans the data to improve the accuracy of the integrated detection model. This paper proposes a solution to this problem by combining big data mining technology with the establishment of an outlier detection model. At the same time, it optimizes the design of the model to reduce errors, so as to realize its accurate application in the measurement of air pollutants, and aims to promote its development.
Simulation Analysis of Inflatable Film Truss Structure Unfolding Process
Authors: Hong Yihong , Zhang Jinyu
Published: February 2023

Inflatable film truss structures have been widely employed in spaceship unfolding sections and supporting structures, and the membrane structure’s folding scheme has a substantial impact on the unfolding effect. In this research, a parametric model of a thin film structure is built using the collaborative fold design approach. The dynamic simulation study of the inflatable film structure was performed using the enhanced spring-particle system and the expansion kinetic behavior and parameters were determined. The results of the study reveal that the simulation process is robust and trustworthy, with no component collisions, evaluating the efficacy of the folding scheme design and providing technical support for such engineering applications..
Research on forecasting approach of key parameters of PWR pressurizer water level
Authors: Xing Ji , Li Wanting , Deng Shiguang , Duan Pengfei , Ma Xiangfeng
Published: February 2023

Nuclear power has special safety requirements and must be generated on the premise of nuclear safety. It is necessary to forecast the abnormal situation of system and equipment as soon as possible, so we can control the accident beforehand and prevent the nuclear safety risk caused by the failure and accident. At present, the pre-accident control method in nuclear power plant mainly relies on the subjective experience of personnel. In contrast, intelligent forecasting and timely reasoning of the change trend and possible impact of the key safety-related parameters in nuclear power plant can bring data reference to the staff of the power plant, help to control the accident before it happens and effectively reduce the probability of accident occurrence. In PWR(Pressurized Water Reactor), safety is closely related to the key parameters of primary loop such as pressurizer water level. Adequate water level of pressurizer is the key to ensure the normal discharge of reactor heat, and abnormal changes of pressurizer water level may lead to nuclear accidents. Therefore, our paper analyzes and models the water level control function of the pressurizer in PWR, the operation history of nuclear power plant related to this function is collected as well. Then a network model is built based on transformer to do information mining, which can successfully forecast the trend of key parameters related to pressurized water level and provides reference information for staff.
Research progress of intelligent management model application in hospital-at-home care
Authors: Lu Yixin , Zhang Yan , Tian Yutong
Published: February 2023

This paper summarizes the advantages of mobile health care in the management of family hospital beds, and puts forward suggestions for future mobile health care in Chinese family hospital bed patients.