bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metodología de estudio de casos y motivación en estudiantes universitarios del área tecnológica
Authors: Calcina Armando , Vilcatoma Amador , Asto Roberto , Camayo Becquer , Camayo Adrian , Calcina Francisco
Published: July 2023

El libro es una adaptación de una investigación presentada a la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, cuyo objetivo fue la aplicación del estudio de casos como metodología en el proceso de enseñanza para adquirir las competencias académicas por parte de los estudiantes de ingeniería de dicha universidad. La investigación fue de tipo básica, diseño experimental y con enfoque cuantitativo, se utilizaron dos grupos de estudiantes para comprobar estadísticamente que la aplicación de la estrategia del estudio de casos posee un efecto sobre la motivación. Luego de realizar las pruebas estadísticas pertinentes y evaluar los valores de la prueba U de Mann-Whitney, se determinó que el estudio de casos tiene un efecto positivo intermedio con respecto a la motivación de los estudiantes. Asimismo, se llegó a la conclusión mediante pruebas estadísticas que, el estudio de casos tiene un efecto positivo intermedio con respecto a las dimensiones de Motivación Intrínseca, Motivación Extrínseca y Motivación Cognitivo Social.
Diagnóstico de capacidades y recursos comunitarios en el Comité Sectorial Alberto Spencer, cantón Santa Elena, Ecuador
Authors: Villacreses-Cañarte Cristhian , Garzozi-Pincay René
Published: July 2023

El diagnóstico de capacidades y recursos comunitarios surge como una necesidad indispensable en la conducción para el desarrollo sectorial o barrial, considerado como un componente de vital importancia para las comunidades. El propósito de esta investigación fue el diagnóstico de los tipos de capacidades y recursos comunitarios en el comité sectorial Alberto Spencer, cantón Santa Elena. Sobre la base del presente trabajo de investigación se tiene un enfoque mixto, que permite describir, analizar y estudiar la realidad en el marco del sector. La población de esta investigación son los miembros del comité y los habitantes del sector Alberto Spencer, cantón Santa Elena. El método empleado para alcanzar la muestra fue el muestreo probabilístico; el periodo de estudio en el que transcurrirá la presente investigación va desde mayo de 2021 hasta enero de 2022. El levantamiento de información fue la entrevista a profundidad y la encuesta a la comunidad quienes fueron los protagonistas en esta investigación. Los resultados se presentaron luego de su tratamiento mediante métodos estadísticos descriptivos, que permitió la interpretación de los mismos. En posible concluir que se enfatiza que el comité debe elaborar proyectos en conjunto con los habitantes del sector con el fin de promover un ambiente de colectividad en el sector, para hacer frente a las demandas de su entorno, especialmente el aprovechamiento de las capacidades y recursos comunitarios con los que cuenta el sector y, se recomienda la participación de la comunidad, en consecuencia; el diagnóstico forma parte del proceso fundamental para el desarrollo local – comunitario del sector.
Extremism and Islamophobia Against the Muslim Minority in Sri Lanka
Authors: Muhammad Saekul Mujahidin
Published: July 2023

Sri Lanka has witnessed many examples of anti-Muslim sentiment and violence since the end of the civil war, especially in 2014 when ethnic unrest affected many. Sinhalese monks and Buddhists appear to have played an important role in the unrest. The long war and ethnonationalist ideology have resulted in a political-religious shift associated with “Buddhist extremism,” which has an association with rioting and aggression against Muslims. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the attitude of Buddhist extremists in Sri Lanka towards Muslim minorities varies from time to time. This study uses the “library research” method where the main data includes books, journals, articles, and references related to research. Sri Lankan Islamophobia and anti-Muslim sentiment is manifested in several dimensions: such as campaigns against halal labels on food, Muslim women’s clothing, the slaughter of livestock in Muslim religious rituals, attacks on mosques and Muslim-owned businesses, mandatory cremation for all Sri Lankans regardless of the religion during the Covid-19 pandemic, and the closure of Islamic schools. Consequently, the government at the very least needs to enforce law and order in a fair and balanced manner for all citizens and ensure policies of multiculturalism and tolerance between religious communities are maintained.
The Non-Crucifixion Verse
Authors: Fatoohi Louay
Published: July 2023

Over the centuries, there has been almost a consensus among Muslims and non-Muslims that the crucifixion of Jesus is denied in the Qur’an, mainly because of al-Nisāʾ 4:157. This overwhelmingly accepted interpretation has been challenged in recent times, albeit by a small minority of scholars, by suggesting novel interpretations of 4:157 and seeking support from history and other verses. This study first reviews how, from the early days of Islam, denying the crucifixion of Jesus was always seen by both Muslims and non-Muslims as the established Islamic view. It analyses the theological arguments of the minority view, promoted by some early Ismāʿīlī scholars and modern scholars, that the Qur’an does not deny Jesus’ crucifixion. A new attempt, which has been gathering some support, linking 4:157 to the Talmud is then critiqued. This study shows that the immediate context of 4:157 and the broader Qur’anic narrative also refute the new interpretation. A detailed linguistic analysis of the verse in question further shows that it cannot be reasonably read to mean anything other than rejecting that Jesus was crucified. In summary, history and a detailed study of 4:157 and related verses show that there is hardly any basis to justify challenging the centuries-long semi-consensus that the Qur’an denies the crucifixion of Jesus.
Recasting the Religious Architecture of Islam
Authors: Gaber Tammy
Published: July 2023

This most recent, and comprehensive compendium, on the subject of the architecture of Islam sheds light on the subject materials. New information on well-known historical examples, the inclusion of historical examples not usually (if ever covered) in such scholarship and an expansion of analysis with respect to modern and contemporary case studies of Islamic religious spaces all underscore the scholarly contribution of this two-volume set. By including such a range of buildings examined, by a large number of scholars from various backgrounds, the compendium effectively recasts the direction of scholarship in this field in a manner that is neither linear or hierarchical.This two-volume set includes 58 essays on a range of regionally-specific examples of architecture from the Islamic world. The first volume of The Religious Architecture of Islam focusses on Asia and Australia, and the second volume focusses on Africa, Europe and the Americas. The volumes are organized in a non-chronological manner, with essays grouped by geographical region covering materials directly related the understanding of religious architecture of Islam.In Volume I, there are four sections with a total of 32 essays written by 29 different scholars. The four sections are: Background themes, West and Central Asia, South and East Asia and Australia.In Volume II, there are four sections with a total of 26 essays written by 20 different scholars. The four sections are: Al-Andalus and the Maghrib, Africa and Sicily, Europe and the Americas.
Female Religious Authority in Shi'i Islam: Past and Present
Authors: Mohomed Carimo
Published: July 2023

Islamic religious authority is conventionally understood to be an exclusively male purview. Yet when dissected into its various manifestations – leading prayer, preaching, issuing fatwas, transmitting hadith, judging in court, teaching law, theology, and other Islamic sciences and, generally shaping the Islamic scholarly tradition – nuances emerge that hint at the presence of women in the performance of some of these functions. This collection of case studies, covering the period from classical Islam to the present, and taken from across the Twelver Shi‘i Islamic world, reflects on the roles that women have played in exercising religious authority across time and space. Comparative reflection on the case studies allows for the formulation of hypotheses regarding the conditions and developments – whether theological, jurisprudential, social, economic, or political – that enhanced or stifled the flourishing of female religious authority in Twelver Shi‘i Islam.
Influencia conjunta de la autoestima y la motivación escolar en la elección de un programa universitario
Authors: Karmach-Sánchez Elías Jordan , Delgado-Fuentealba Carlos Leandro , Zerega-Tallia Paola Giuliana , Figueroa-Moreno Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2023

Para los jóvenes, la elección acertada de un pro-grama universitario constituye un desafío para ellos, su familia y la sociedad, puesto que el desarrollo personal, el éxito profesional, los valores y el servicio a la comunidad dependen de ella. Considerando que los factores que intervienen en esta elección son variados, el estudio buscó determinar, empíricamente, si el grado de autoestima y moti-vación escolar tiene efecto en la matrícula de un programa universitario, como primera preferencia. La muestra corresponde a los 2626 jóvenes que ingresaron a la Universidad de Concepción, Cam-pus Chillán, en 2016-2021. Se utilizó un modelo pro-bit binario, pues la variable dependiente toma uno de dos valores discretos. El grado de autoestima y motivación se midió a partir de uno de los índices de desarrollo personal y social (IDPS), entregado por la Agencia de Calidad del Ministerio de Educación de Chile para cada establecimiento de egreso de enseñanza media. Se incorporaron variables de control, como las características personales del estudiante y del establecimiento. Los resultados conﬁrman que, cuanto mayor es el índice de autoestima y moti-vación escolar, mayor es la probabilidad de que el estudiante ingrese al programa de su primera preferencia. Este análisis conﬁrma (1) la importancia de este Indicador y (2) que aún faltan avances para fortalecer programas escolares que pongan el énfasis en propiciar condiciones que permitan el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes, destacando las fortalezas por sobre las debilidades.
Strategi KPU Kota Solok Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pemilu 2019
Authors: Ghassani Difa , Irawati Irawati , Rusta Andri , Fajri Mhd
Published: July 2023

Partisipasi masyarakat dilaksanakan melalui pemilu setiap lima tahun sekali. Penyelenggaraan pemilu dilakukan oleh Komisi Pemilihan Umum. KPU di setiap daerah mempunyai strategi untuk meningkatkan kualitas dalam melaksanakan pemilu, untuk meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat. KPU Kota Solok mempunyai strategi untuk meningkatkan pemilu 2019. Ada beberapa cara yang dilakukan KPU Kota Solok untuk meingkatkan kualitas pemilu, salah satunya adalah mensosialisasikan ke sekolah-sekolah yang ada di Kota Solok dengan berkerja sama dengan fakultas hukum yang ada di UMMY. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori kualitas serta dan dilakukan berdasarkan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif melalui studi pustaka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan strategi KPU Kota Solok dalam meningkatkan kualitas pemilu tahun 2019.
Kata Kunci: Pemilu, Strategi KPU, Kualitas
Morpho-genetic characterization of black-husked small-grain aromatic rice landrace Kalojira of West Bengal
Authors: Ghosh Mrityunjay , Pyngrope DM , Das Sripriya , Das B , Roy Koushik , Banerjee Sibajee , Gorain J , Sarkar Sutanu , Ghose TK
Published: July 2023

The morpho-genetic characterization of Kalojira, a black-husked non-Basmati type scented rice landrace, was done at Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BCKV), Kalyani, West Bengal, India during kharif (wet) season of 2013, 2014 for DUS test, followed by 2019 and 2020 for confirmation of recorded traits, and molecular study was conducted at Bose Institute, Kolkata. The long-statured plants (scale 7, 140-150 cm height) had less foliage and stiff culm with late heading (119±4 days) and late maturity (scale 7, 151±4 days). The bi-sexual flower of the genotype consisted of six yellow-coloured plump anthers and an ovary with white-coloured feathery stigma. The short-sized matured grain (4.9 mm) had black coloured lemma-palea without awn, purple sterile lemma and low test weight (13.1 g). The white-coloured short-bold type kernels (length 3.7 mm and width 2.1 mm) had low amylose content (18.0%), medium gelatinization temperature (alkali spreading value 3.1) and medium-strong aroma (score 2.4). The DNA-based study using 23 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers revealed that four markers (RM 149, RM 339, RM 341 and RM 569) made greater genetic distances (276 vs. 247 bp, 180 vs. 143 bp, 141 vs. 175 bp, and 194 vs. 168 bp, respectively) between Kalojira and IR 36 in the investigation.
Pengaruh Ratio Jantan Dan Betina Terhadap Fertilitas Dan Daya Tetas Telur Ayam Kampung
Authors: Salamony Maya , Souktta N , Telussa Simon Petrus , Andari Gardis
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Chicken livestock development can increase rapidly, if the supply of seeds can run well, followed by regular management, feeding, breeding and disease prevention. So far the exact ratio of males and females is unknown, especially by rural communities so hatching failures often occur. This study aims to determine the ratio of male and female to fertility, egg hatchability and egg hatching weight of native chicken. The experiment was carried out using 8 males and 60 females as elders, and divided into four treatments and two replications with the ratio of males and females, A (1:5); B (1:7); C (1:9); D (1:11), Continued hatching of 120 eggs with 15 treatments each. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). If between treatments showed significant differences, it was continued with the Honestly Significant Difference test (BNJ). The results showed that the highest fertility was in group B (96.66) and the lowest in group D (56.66). The highest hatchability was in group B (96.66) and the lowest in group D (56.66). The highest hatching weights were in group B (23.18) and the lowest in group D (21.33). This study can be concluded that the ferlititas, hatchability of eggs is much better in group B and the hatching weight of native chicken eggs is much better in group B.
SIMULASI PENGEMBANGAN EARLY WARNING SISTEM TANGGAP BENCANA BANJIR MENGGUNAKAN SMS GATEWAY
Authors: Loppies Stanly H.D. , Putra Nasra Pratama , Budiasto Jarot , Balubun Patrisa K.P.
Published: July 2023

Banjir adalah peristiwa atau keadaan dimana terendamnya suatu daerah atau daratan karena volume air yang meningkat dalam jumlah yang begitu besar. Kabupaten Merauke merupakan salah satu daerah yang termasuk kedalam daerah rawan bencana banjir disebabkan mayoritas daerah Merauke yang letak daratan lebih rendah dari permukaan laut dan kontur tanah yang sering bergerak. Dalam penelitian ini dihasilkan sebuah aplikasi yang dapat memberikan informasi siaga bencana kepada masyarakat secara real time agar masyarakat dapat terhindar dari bahaya serta kerugian yang ditimbulkan dari banjir. Informasi tersebut dikirim melalui pesan singkat menggunakan SMS Gateway dengan menggunakan tools Gammu yang telah diuji melalui pengujian blackbox. Informasi yang dikirim early berupa warning system yang isinya berupa tanggal, waktu, dan status peringatan ketinggian air dan curah hujan yang diperoleh secara real time.
Apresentação
Authors: Andreis Greice da Silva Lorenzzetti , Padilha Glauciane Klein Burgiert
Published: July 2023

Apresentação da REMAT, v. 9, n. 1, 2023.
Publicação contínua: 01/01/2023 a 30/06/2023.
Preparation of {100}-oriented (1−x)(Bi,K)TiO3−xCaTiO3 solid-solution epitaxial films by the hydrothermal method and their ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties
Authors: Murashita Taichi , Hu Yuxian , Takahashi Yuma , Ota Reika , Okamoto Kazuki , Funakubo Hiroshi
Published: July 2023

(1−x)(Bi,K)TiO3−xCaTiO3 epitaxial films with x = 0–1.0 were grown on (100)
c
SrRuO3//(100)SrTiO3 substrates by the hydrothermal method. The film composition region can be divided into three in view of its crystal structure. The films in the range of x = 0–0.12 (Region 1) and 0.60–1.0 (Region 3) consisted of a single phase and their lattice parameters changed with the x value. This suggests the formation of a solid solution. On the other hand, two phases coexisted in the intermediate range of x = 0.18–0.43 (Region 2). The ferroelectricity and the effective transverse piezoelectric coefficient, effective d
33, were observed for the films in Regions 1 and 2. The slope difference of P
r and the effective d
33 against x can be explained by the change in the tetragonality of the films with x in Region 1 and the volume fraction of the ferroelectric phase in Region 2.
The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of CaZrO3-modified (K, Na)NbO3 bulk and multilayer ceramics with different ZrO2 additions and MnO content
Authors: Miwa Yasunari , Hayashi Hiroyuki , Kawada Shinichiro , Tanaka Nobuhiko
Published: July 2023

Ceramics based on (K, Na)NbO3 (KNN) are piezoelectric materials that can replace lead zirconate titanate (PZT), which is widely used in piezoelectric electronic components. Because KNN is composed of elements that are less easily reduced than PZT, it can be co-sintered with Ni inner electrodes. In a previous study, KNN with CaZrO3 and MnO was found to be stably co-sinterable with an Ni electrode in a composition where CaZrO3 and MnO were added. The effects of increasing or decreasing the amount of ZrO2 in this system on the Curie temperature, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties of the bulk and multilayer KNN are investigated in this study.
Digital twins in banking: Problems and prospects
Authors: Lytkin A. N.
Published: July 2023

Aim. To identify key conditions and factors that determine the prospects of implementing digital twins as part of improving the mechanisms of information support for management decision-making (controlling) in banks and business processes for customer service.

Tasks. Research theoretical and methodological foundations of the concept of digital twins, peculiarities of their implementation in the banking business processes; estimate market capacity and potential; identify prerequisites for the concept; analyze the effectiveness of digital twins; reveal the main approaches to the concept of digital twins in Russian banks, systematize directions of application and development.

Methods. We used general scientific methods to analyze articles and publications, held surveys (including Yandex forms) and interviews that were systematized and generalized.

Results. The need to optimize the historically high operating costs of the banks and the importance of ordering disparate databases to support the management decision making has been confirmed. One of the variants for solving these problems is implementation of digital twin technology by banks, which is implemented primarily in replacing physical processes with digital ones (credit conveyors, automated modules of account opening by companies, borrower and project monitoring systems, business analytics systems, antifraud monitoring, etc.). Examples were identified and expert opinions were obtained confirming high efficiency of this technology and its elements which in its turn defines its perspectives against the background of intense competition on the banking market. The key factors of implementation are determined: optimization of banks’ operational business processes, improving the quality of modeling and stress testing. Shortage of qualified specialists in IT sphere, lack of Russian analogues of software and equipment, high cost of implementing technological solutions, departure of foreign developers and integrators from the Russian market were singled out as the most significant problems, associated with the technology implementation. The majority of respondents point to the inevitability of progress, but condition the final decisions based on the formed practice of implementation. It was determined that, given the significant costs of the complex implementation of digital twin technology, it is currently appropriate for banks to focus on individual processes, tasks.

Conclusions. The use of digital twins as an integrated multifactor model based on modern digital technology in banking improves the efficiency of bank controlling, customer service and ensures the reduction of the cost of business processes. It is this concept, using modern technological solutions, will contribute to the replacement of a number of physical processes by virtual ones, which will affect the cost of operations and provide banks with direct economic effect.
Organizational structure 4.0: challenges and prospects
Authors: Terentyeva T. B.
Published: July 2023

Aim. This article deals with the evolution of the development of organizational structures depending on the technological paradigms (industrial revolutions), the characteristics of manufacturing and consumer preferences.

Tasks. To analyze the relevant research papers in the context of the chosen topic; to systematize the used organizational structures, taking into account production features and consumer preferences; to systematize and offer a classification of organizational structures as applied to a technological paradigm (industrial revolution); to describe the requirements to the new organizational structure in the sixth technological paradigm (Industry 4.0).

Methods. Theoretically, the study was based on a review of the scientific literature on the evolution of organizational structures, revealing the relationship between technological patterns (industrial revolutions) and the applied organizational structures.

Results. The analysis of the literature showed that, depending on the historical stage, technological and economic conditions, companies used different types of organizational structures. New organizational structures emerged as a response to the needs of enterprises in certain historical conditions: the rigid bureaucratic structures used in the third and fourth technological stage (1880–1970), supplemented by flexible types of structures in the fifth technological stage (1970–2010). The new technological stage, which emerged after 2010, implies further changes in manufacturing technologies and consumer preferences, develops under resource and logistical constraints, and therefore requires new approaches to organizational design from companies.

Conclusions. The development of organizational design implies an evolutionary enrichment of previously used types of structures with new properties. We believe that in the framework of the sixth technological paradigm, management will need to supplement its toolkit not only with flexible virtual structures (e.g., agile structures), but also with new types of organizational structures that have the necessary properties and characteristics. In addition to having an internal “framework”, agility and adaptability, organizational structures must provide dynamism (speed of change), elasticity (self-recovery) and maneuverability to companies.
Cordel e a transposição de mídia na cultura nordestina
Authors: Soares da Silva Júnior Antonio
Published: July 2023

Este artigo, de cunho teórico-reflexivo, objetiva refletir sobre as implicações da relação do cordel e da transposição de mídia na cultura nordestina nas práticas sociais. Partindo desse objetivo, a literatura de cordel foi analisada como um gênero discursivo (FAIRCLOUGH, 2005), que alia simultaneamente hibridizações de ordem interartística e transcultural sob a perspectiva dos estudos das intermidialidades (CLUVER, 2006; 2011) e dos estudos culturais atrelados à Linguística Aplicada. Esta pesquisa é de natureza bibliográfico-qualitativa (OLIVEIRA E PAIVA, 2019). Percebe-se que o cordel se adaptou e começou a ser construído pelos cordelistas na/pela internet, utilizando as mesmas características do repente e a estrutura/formato da poesia, mas de forma virtual (RESENDE, 2006). Por exemplo, Lucas Evangelista, cordelista do interior do Ceará – mais precisamente do município de Crateús –, teve seus cordéis publicados no Youtube e em blogs.
A pesquisa nos Estudos Literários
Authors: Magri Dirceu , Tonus Leonardo
Published: July 2023

Não se aplica.
Propaganda
Authors: Di Carlo Miriam
Published: July 2023

Alcuni lettori ci chiedono delucidazioni circa il significato della parola propaganda e il suo rapporto con altre parole che potrebbero esserle sinonimiche.
Profiling students’ satisfaction towards university courses with a latent class approach
Authors: Costanzo G. Damiana , Misuraca Michelangelo , Coscarelli Angela
Published: July 2023

Collecting and analysing students’ opinions towards the learning experiences lived during their enrolment in an academic program is widely recognised as a key strategy to evaluate tertiary education quality. Academic institutions require students to participate every year in specific surveys, aiming at gathering their viewpoint about the organisation of the single courses, and the feelings about the traits and the effectiveness of the teaching activity. In the Italian university system, the surveys about students’ satisfaction are realised in accordance with the guidelines of the National Agency for the Evaluation of Universities and Research Institutes. Here we propose the implementation of a latent class analytical strategy to profile the satisfaction of students at a course level, taking into account the interest about each course, and the perceptions about the course organisation and the instructor performance. Since the items listed in the survey are expressed as 4-point balanced scales, we used the so-called Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to identify unobserved clusters of courses (i.e., latent profiles) based on the responses of students to the continuous indicators concerning the different aspect related to course satisfaction. Differently from clustering approaches based on distance functions, LPA is a probabilistic model, which means that it models the probability of case belonging to a profile. An application of the strategy to the first-year courses delivered at the University of Calabria (Italy) in the academic year 2020/2021, during the second and third waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy, is used to show the effectiveness of the approach.
Are Italian youngsters adequately equipped for an after-pandemic upswing?
Authors: Bollani Luigi , Di Zio Simone , Fabbris Luigi
Published: July 2023

Are Italian youngsters adequately equipped for an after-pandemic upswing?All over the world young people seem to be particularly dazed by the Covid-19 pandemic. Indeed, they were touched just lightly by the disease, though the isolation due to the distancing need and the remote learning mode may be the sources of depressive ailments and other psychological distresses. In this paper we analyse the data collected through a survey conducted in the second half of 2021 among a convenience sample of Italian adults. The survey was aimed at highlighting how Italians experienced the pandemic and the way they perceived their futures. About one third of the sample was below 35 and we consider them the young. Most of them were students, a few worked, some were looking for a job. The analysis of the collected data shows that so many young Italians were disturbed by the pandemic, even though the sanitary impact of the disease on them was much less relevant than other age classes. Among the youngsters, the depression and anxiety rates was significantly higher than other adults, the perception of a future role was limited to them and their potential resources for future life was also jeopardized. The possible causes of the reduction capacity among young adults was scouted through a multivariate statistical analysis. It showed that the perception of personal difficulties is correlated to a feeling of uncertainty for their future roles, to a pressure over their social-economical and personal resources to face their future and to a sort of apathy that could limit their pro-activeness.
Short-term forecasts on time series for tourism in Lombardy
Authors: Marletta Andrea , Rossi Roberta , Diceglie Elena
Published: July 2023

Data from official sources on nights spent in an accommodation for tourists in Lombardy are available until 2021. These data on touristic flows for 2020 and 2021 registered a clear downfall because of restrictions related to Covid-19. The aim of this paper is to verify the presence of a full or partial recover of tourists in provinces of Lombardy using short-term predictions for 2022. A time-series procedure has been applied to obtain a forecast estimate for 2022 using an ARMA model with the addition of an exogenous variable. The hypothesis at the basis of the model is that a punctual estimate of the touristic flows could be obtained using an auxiliary variable explaining the number of employees in the food services and hospitality industry. This auxiliary variable is represented as the difference between the number of starting work contracts and the contract terminations. These data are available thanks to the Informative system of mandatory communications provided by the Italian Minister of Labour. The availability of this information is daily guaranteed at level of single municipality but for the purpose of this paper, data have been aggregated at province level. The short-term predictions obtained for 2022 have been used to verify the presence of a recovery respect to the pandemic emergency of Covid-19 using a double growth rate. A first growth rate has been computed comparing the number of estimated tourists respect to the 2021 measuring the existence of a rebound after the restrictions. A second growth rate measured the estimates for 2021 respect to the presences of 2019 to monitor the trends in Lombardy compared to the before Covid-19 period. Preliminary results showed an evident upswing respect to 2021 and a partial recovery respect to 2019 for the majority of Lombard provinces.
New perspectives for the quality of sub-municipal data with the Italian permanent population and housing census
Authors: Carbonetti Giancarlo , Daddi Stefano , De Matteis Giampaolo , Di Zio Marco , Fardelli Davide , Ferrara Raffaele , Lipizzi Fabio , Orsini Enrico
Published: July 2023

Over the years, official statistics have shown increasing attention to the territory in providing detailed and quality information and, in this sense, the Population and Housing Census has always guaranteed the availability of sub-municipal data useful for decision-making processes in the social, economic and environmental fields. The Istat modernization programme introduced the Permanent Census that, differently from the traditional decennial census essentially drew on collecting data from people, is strongly based on the integration of administrative and sample data, and planned for providing yearly statistical figures. This change requires new methodological and IT architectures. It is a revolution that – on the medium term – is expected to provide more stable and coherent figures at various territorial levels.In this framework, sub-municipal data derives from the integration of the Basic Register of Individuals and the Basic Register of Places. The quality of data depends on the quality of the Registers and the procedures adopted to integrate and elaborate input data. In this regard, Istat is working to improve the geocoding information and linkage procedures. One of the problem encountered is that of non-geocoded units. These are units without an allocation into an enumeration area because of problems in administrative data. Istat has studied a procedure integrating deterministic and probabilistic approaches for assigning the enumeration area to those critical units. An experimental study is carried out to evaluate the quality of the imputation procedure. In this paper, we discuss the approach adopted, the evaluation process, the results obtained and the impact on the quality of the data and the spatial analyses that can be carried out.
Access to emergency care services and inequalities in living standards: Some evidence from two Italian northern regions
Authors: Marino Andrea , Pesce Marco , Succi Raffaella
Published: July 2023

Rapid access to emergency medical care is crucial in reducing the implications of negative health events in terms of both mortality and disability. Thus, in a well-designed health system the geographical distribution of emergency care services should be able to minimize the share of people whose access time lies beyond critical thresholds. In spite of this, statistical information measuring accessibility to emergency care services at a highly disaggregated level is unavailable in Italy. This paper makes a step in filling this gap, by providing geographically detailed estimates of accessibility in two northern regions, Liguria and Lombardia. To do so, we use three data sources: 1) georeferenced population data measured at the currently most possible detailed level (census enumeration areas, CEAs) from the 2011 Population Census; 2) open data on location of emergency care services; 3) crowdsourced data on road travel distances. Elaborating these data with an efficient algorithm based on open source routing machine provides us with a clear mapping of particularly disadvantaged areas. We find that in 2013 the population share whose access time to emergency care services lies beyond a critical –and policy relevant- threshold of 60 minutes is fairly limited (about 0.1% in both regions). Regional differences emerge when setting lower thresholds. We briefly discuss how accessibility may have evolved in recent years, based upon some conjecture on population dynamics at the CEA level and updated information on emergency care centers. Finally, we analyze how differences in accessibility are related to a set of characteristics describing the population’s living conditions. Different results emerge. In particular, older and less educated people in Liguria face significantly lower access to emergency care. Overall, our results suggest that spatial differences in accessibility -within and between regions- should be considered a relevant determinant of health inequality.
A Natural Language Processing approach to measure expertise in the Delphi-based scenarios
Authors: Calleo Yuri , Di Zio Simone , Pilla Francesco
Published: July 2023

The Delphi-based scenarios (DBS) development implies the assumption of different choices, through the gathering of information and the assessment of alternative resolutions (Panpatte and Takale, 2019). During the last decades, the spread of environmental hazards has increased quickly, much to request different responses in order to develop a sustainable future for humanity planning the present (McMichael and Lindgren, 2011). Since the DBS is a creative process (Nowack et al., 2011), different figures are selected to make choices, including academics, stakeholders and citizens. However, one of the main challenges remains the measurement of expertise, in fact, during the process, the experts should be assessed based on their competences in order to avoid any conflict in the final results and, eventually, weigh their answers. In recent years, some contributions adopted the self-assessments for the experts’ evaluation (Sossa et al., 2019), but many issues still remain (such as strong subjectivity and cognitive biases which produce over or underestimation). We develop a new method to estimate the expertise by using Natural Language Processing to acquire information, extracting the contributions of experts in each topic. First, starting from a draft list of selected experts, we identify the category of reference (e.g., academia, industry, local authority, citizens etc.). We build a data repository with the personal pages (URLs) of each expert to then use Python to extract from the URLs, the number of contributions related to a keyword, different for each category (e.g., publications for academics, reports and projects for stakeholders etc.). Finally, we proceed adopting a coefficient of production with a weighted sum of the results. To practically demonstrate our approach, we applied this method to a cohort of known experts, part of the “Smart control of the climate resilience” (SCORE) H2020 European project to estimate their expertise in specific areas.
The digitization of the private sector in the Italy. A non-aggregative method to monitor the NRRP agenda at macro-area level
Authors: Traversa Susanna , Ivaldi Enrico
Published: July 2023

Covid-19 emergency has produced within societies a strong impulse toward digitization policies, designed to mitigate the negative effects produced on national economies and to ensure a recovery of it. Among the objectives included by the Italian Government within the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) there is a boosting of investments in the 4.0 Transition with measures involving not only a strengthening of the digital infrastructure but also a greater diffusion of digital literacy among the population. Therefore, starting from the intervention forecasts contained within Mission 1, paragraph 2 "Digitization, innovation and competitiveness in the production system," four elementary indicators were selected from the I.Stat database in compliance with the requirements of data available from both a spatial and temporal standpoint. As a matter of fact, the study aims to trace and compare the performance obtained by the main Italian macro-areas from the point of view of digitization of the production system, considering the years preceding and concomitant to the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the intrinsic complexity of the digitization phenomenon, the development of statistic measures to study it can be directed toward the construction of synthetic indices. Throughout the present study, a synthesis methodology has been adopted that takes advantage of a non-aggregative approach: the Partially ordered set (POSET). The study is divided into sections, in which the main opportunities related to the construction of an index that evaluates the performance of the policies presented in the RRP will be outlined, as well as the characteristics and implications attributable to the use of a non-aggregative approach such as the POSET in its declination for the temporal study of socio-economic phenomena, and lastly, a presentation will be made of the results obtained from the application of the index to the Italian context.
The joint estimation of accuracy and speed: An application to the INVALSI data
Authors: Bungaro Luca , Desimoni Marta , Matteucci Mariagiulia , Mignani Stefania
Published: July 2023

In Italy, the National Institute for the Evaluation of the Education and Training System (INVALSI) every year administers standardized tests via computer-based testing (CBT) to students attending grades 8, 10, and 13. The CBT mode allows to collect data not only on the students’ response accuracy (RA) based on item responses, but also on their response times (RT). By using these data, it is now possible to estimate the speed ability of examinees, besides the usual ability (e.g. Italian language, mathematics or English ability). In this study, we use the 2018 mathematics data for grade 10 to estimate the ability and speed of students following the fully Bayesian approach of Fox et al. (2021), who implemented in the R package LNIRT the models of van der Linden (2007) and Klein Entik et al. (2009). In a second step, we use the estimated mathematics ability and speed in a bivariate multilevel model, where the first-level units are represented by students and the second-level units are represented by classes. Covariates such as gender, school type, immigrant status, economic, social, and cultural status, prior achievement, grade retention, student anxiety, class compositional variables, and geographical area are included in the model. The main results show that the ability and speed are inversely proportional, e.g. as ability increases, speed decreases. Also, differences in the students performance by gender and school type are significant for both ability and speed.
On the utility of treating a vineyard against Plasmopara viticola: a Bayesian analysis
Authors: Valleggi Lorenzo , Stefanini Federico Mattia
Published: July 2023

Plasmopara viticola is the causal agent of the downy mildew, the most severe disease of grapevines. In order to prevent and/or mitigate the plant disease, fungicide treatments are often required, despite the presence of side effects on the environment and the potential hazard for human health in case of prolonged exposition. The choice of proper treatments and optimal scheduling is the key to managing downy mildew in an eco-friendly way. Plasmopara viticola’s growth depends on meteorological variables, like temperature and rain, plant’s genotype, the degree of exposition to oospores and soil conditions. Field measurements are expensive both for the high cost of oospore sensors and for the need of meteorological sensors describing the microclimate around each plant. Whatever the amount of information gathered from sensors of a vineyard, a decision must be taken, e.g. according to the predicted probability of infected leaves (and grapes) and considering side effects like the impact of a chemical treatment on the soil and on biodiversity. A multi-attribute utility function on variables describing future consequences of a decision may be defined by following the assumptions of utility independence and preferential independence. The inherent uncertainty is described by a Bayesian prior-predictive distribution where prior are elicited from experts, and eventually updated using available data. The resulting optimal decision is defined as the argument that maximises the expected value of the utility function. The proposed utility function may be tuned to match the individual preference scheme of the winegrower and eventually extended to include further variables like those describing the quality and yield of grapes.
Application of the guidelines of the Agency for Digital Italy guidelines and CSA Star self-assessment: A Docustar case study
Authors: Calabrese Pierluigi , Lunalbi Paola , Ribaudo Vincenzo , Crisafulli Saverio , Ruoto Antonio , Santarcangelo Vito , Sinitò Diego , Bonelli Carlo , Stella Giuseppe
Published: July 2023

The paper shows the new particularly rigorous regulatory context introduced by the entry into force of the AGID guidelines with reference to the application of the Italian digital administration code on the formation, management and storage of electronic documents. In this regard, a concrete case study of the innovative software Docustar is presented, developed by the innovative SME Stella All in One, an ISO 27001:2013 certified company. The cloud software implemented in this way represents a real revolution both in terms of digital rights management of documents, but also in terms of AGID compliance. In addition, being a cloud software intended for use by the public administration, the system perfectly meets the requirements of the CSA Star Self-Assessment, another focal point together with the ISO 27001 standard to ensure the security of information on application systems.
Dai distretti sociali alle bioregioni urbane
Authors: Bonomi Aldo
Published: July 2023

At the intersection of economics and sociology, geography and planning, the concept of social district presents unmistakable assonances with that of urban bioregion. Both refer to (and trigger) a return, the former to the social, the latter to the territory; and both presuppose an assumption of consciousness and responsibility, in the management of self-government dynamics, on the part of industrious and cooperating territorial communities, which in this establish themselves as communities of care. The contribution unfolds the intricate and rich yarn of relations between the two perspectives, in which correspondences and discordances, themes and variations interweave together to create a common vision and project.
Capacidades estatais e capacidades dinâmicas para o enfrentamento de crises
Authors: De Oliveira Castro Mario Henrique , Provasi Lanzara Arnaldo
Published: July 2023

O estudo, primeiramente, apresenta os fundamentos sobre capacidades estatais a partir da exposição de seus vários aspectos e de suas dificuldades de conceitualização. Em seguida, são abordadas as capacidades dinâmicas do setor público, sua definição, aplicação e como análises a partir da perspectiva de capacidades dinâmicas se relacionam e se diferem de capacidades estatais em geral. Após a argumentação teórica, é feito um estudo de caso com o objetivo de identificar a presença e a influência de capacidades estatais e capacidades dinâmicas para lidar com crises. A estratégia adotada pelo Vietnã para combater a pandemia de COVID-19 foi escolhida por ser considerada um exemplo de sucesso na contenção das primeiras ondas, podendo assim, destacar as capacidades envolvidas.
Problems of Word for Word Equivalence in English—Arabic Dictionaries and their Lexical and Cultural
Authors: Ghurab Nadhum
Published: July 2023

The basic principle underlying all bilingual lexicographical practice is word- for word equivalence. This principle is based on the belief that meaning is a universal concept found in all languages .The only difference is in the words provided by languages to convey it (Lado, 1957:77).The aim of this paper is to examine the University of validity of this principle in detail and to refer it to some linguistic and cultural problems arising in the compilation of English-Arabic dictionaries.It is often said that meaning is the attitude toward and the classification of the universe by a certain community and the words provided to convey it are no more than classifiers of that experience (Lyons, 1969:420).
A study of the lack of interest in the lesson of physical education in middle schools (for girls) in the center of the province of Najaf
Authors: محمد محمد
Published: July 2023

From the early beginnings of the collective education curriculum in ancient times until the present time, we find that physical education has an important position in those curricula, whether it is for teaching scientific, cultural, social, or military subjects, or in religious ceremonies, as in the civilizations of Mesopotamia or ancient Egypt and Greece ... to otherwise.Therefore, it was difficult at the present time to find an integrated and comprehensive educational curriculum devoid of sporting events, if its objectives are identical to the educational and general educational objectives. That is why the school of physical education in schools represents a means that generates social, scientific and educational interdependence between the students themselves or between teachers or administration and the school and families of students alike.And from that, the educational curricula, when developed by politicians or priests and defining their goals that serve their interests and the interests of society, focus on the applied educational aspects and their translation by those in charge of applying those curricula. (Researcher's opinion).In modern times, the process of preparing the curricula of the physical education lesson in schools was subject to several factors when developing them, including: the philosophy of political lessons, as well as the possibility of these countries and the cultures of their peoples and their ability to absorb their philosophical concepts in the service of the physical, psychological, aesthetic and therapeutic aspects. (researcher's opinion).