bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of a Pilot Program for Remote Support on Mental Health for Young Physicians in Rural Settings in Peru: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: De la Cruz-Torralva Kelly , Escobar-Agreda Stefan , Riega López Pedro , Amaro James , Reategui-Rivera C Mahony , Rojas-Mezarina Leonardo
Published: April 2024

Background

Telemedicine-based interventions show promise in addressing mental health issues among rural populations, yet evidence regarding their impact among the health care workforce in these contexts remains limited.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and the responses and perceptions of recently graduated physicians who work in rural areas of Peru as part of the Servicio Rural Urbano Marginal en Salud (Rural-Urban Marginal Health Service [SERUMS], in Spanish) toward a telehealth intervention to provide remote orientation and accompaniment in mental health.

Methods

A mixed methods study was carried out involving physicians who graduated from the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos and participated in the Mental Health Accompaniment Program (MHAP) from August 2022 to February 2023. This program included the assessment of mental health conditions via online forms, the dissemination of informational materials through a website, and, for those with moderate or high levels of mental health issues, the provision of personalized follow-up by trained personnel. Quantitative analysis explored the mental health issues identified among physicians, while qualitative analysis, using semistructured interviews, examined their perceptions of the services provided.

Results

Of 75 physicians initially enrolled to the MHAP, 30 (41.6%) opted to undergo assessment and use the services. The average age of the participants was 26.8 (SD 1.9) years, with 17 (56.7%) being female. About 11 (36.7%) reported have current or previous mental health issues, 17 (56.7%) indicating some level of depression, 14 (46.7%) indicated some level of anxiety, 5 (16.6%) presenting a suicidal risk, and 2 (6.7%) attempted suicide during the program. Physicians who did not use the program services reported a lack of advertising and related information, reliance on personal mental health resources, or neglect of symptoms. Those who used the program expressed a positive perception regarding the services, including evaluation and follow-up, although some faced challenges accessing the website.

Conclusions

The MHAP has been effective in identifying and managing mental health problems among SERUMS physicians in rural Peru, although it faced challenges related to access and participation. The importance of mental health interventions in this context is highlighted, with recommendations to improve accessibility and promote self-care among participants.
The Artificial Third: A Broad View of the Effects of Introducing Generative Artificial Intelligence on Psychotherapy
Authors: Haber Yuval , Levkovich Inbar , Hadar-Shoval Dorit , Elyoseph Zohar
Published: April 2024

This paper explores a significant shift in the field of mental health in general and psychotherapy in particular following generative artificial intelligence’s new capabilities in processing and generating humanlike language. Following Freud, this lingo-technological development is conceptualized as the “fourth narcissistic blow” that science inflicts on humanity. We argue that this narcissistic blow has a potentially dramatic influence on perceptions of human society, interrelationships, and the self. We should, accordingly, expect dramatic changes in perceptions of the therapeutic act following the emergence of what we term the artificial third in the field of psychotherapy. The introduction of an artificial third marks a critical juncture, prompting us to ask the following important core questions that address two basic elements of critical thinking, namely, transparency and autonomy: (1) What is this new artificial presence in therapy relationships? (2) How does it reshape our perception of ourselves and our interpersonal dynamics? and (3) What remains of the irreplaceable human elements at the core of therapy? Given the ethical implications that arise from these questions, this paper proposes that the artificial third can be a valuable asset when applied with insight and ethical consideration, enhancing but not replacing the human touch in therapy.
Rationale, Design, and Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the Health@NUS mHealth Augmented Cohort Study Examining Student-to-Work Life Transition: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chua Xin Hui , Edney Sarah Martine , Müller Andre Matthias , Petrunoff Nicholas A , Whitton Clare , Tay Zoey , Goh Claire Marie Jie Lin , Chen Bozhi , Park Su Hyun , Rebello Salome A , Low Alicia , Chia Janelle , Koek Daphne , Cheong Karen , van Dam Rob M , Müller-Riemenschneider Falk
Published: April 2024

Background

Integration of mobile health data collection methods into cohort studies enables the collection of intensive longitudinal information, which gives deeper insights into individuals’ health and lifestyle behavioral patterns over time, as compared to traditional cohort methods with less frequent data collection. These findings can then fill the gaps that remain in understanding how various lifestyle behaviors interact as students graduate from university and seek employment (student-to-work life transition), where the inability to adapt quickly to a changing environment greatly affects the mental well-being of young adults.

Objective

This paper aims to provide an overview of the study methodology and baseline characteristics of participants in Health@NUS, a longitudinal study leveraging mobile health to examine the trajectories of health behaviors, physical health, and well-being, and their diverse determinants, for young adults during the student-to-work life transition.

Methods

University students were recruited between August 2020 and June 2022 in Singapore. Participants would complete biometric assessments and questionnaires at 3 time points (baseline, 12-, and 24-month follow-up visits) and use a Fitbit smartwatch and smartphone app to continuously collect physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, and dietary data over the 2 years. Additionally, up to 12 two-week-long bursts of app-based ecological momentary surveys capturing lifestyle behaviors and well-being would be sent out among the 3 time points.

Results

Interested participants (n=1556) were screened for eligibility, and 776 participants were enrolled in the study between August 2020 and June 2022. Participants were mostly female (441/776, 56.8%), of Chinese ethnicity (741/776, 92%), undergraduate students (759/776, 97.8%), and had a mean BMI of 21.9 (SD 3.3) kg/m2, and a mean age of 22.7 (SD 1.7) years. A substantial proportion were overweight (202/776, 26.1%) or obese (42/776, 5.4%), had indicated poor mental well-being (World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Index ≤50; 291/776, 37.7%), or were at higher risk for psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale ≥13; 109/776, 14.1%).

Conclusions

The findings from this study will provide detailed insights into the determinants and trajectories of health behaviors, health, and well-being during the student-to-work life transition experienced by young adults.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05154227; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05154227

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/56749
Letter to the Editor: A Use Case for Generative Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education (Preprint)
Authors: Sekhar Tejas C , Nayak Yash R , Abdoler Emily A
Published: April 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

No abstract/not applicable
Machine Learning–Based Prediction for High Health Care Utilizers by Using a Multi-Institutional Diabetes Registry: Model Training and Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Tan Joshua Kuan , Quan Le , Salim Nur Nasyitah Mohamed , Tan Jen Hong , Goh Su-Yen , Thumboo Julian , Bee Yong Mong
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

The cost of health care in many countries is increasing rapidly. There is a growing interest in using machine learning for predicting high health care utilizers for population health initiatives. Previous studies have focused on individuals who contribute to the highest financial burden. However, this group is small and represents a limited opportunity for long-term cost reduction.

OBJECTIVE

We developed a collection of models that predict future health care utilization at various thresholds.

METHODS

We utilized data from a multi-institutional diabetes database from the year 2019 to develop binary classification models. These models predict health care utilization in the subsequent year across 6 different outcomes: patients having a length of stay of ≥7, ≥14, and ≥30 days and emergency department attendance of ≥3, ≥5, and ≥10 visits. To address class imbalance, random and synthetic minority oversampling techniques were employed. The models were then applied to unseen data from 2020 and 2021 to predict health care utilization in the following year. A portfolio of performance metrics, with priority on area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and positive predictive value, was used for comparison. Explainability analyses were conducted on the best performing models.

RESULTS

When trained with random oversampling, 4 models, that is, logistic regression, multivariate adaptive regression splines, boosted trees, and multilayer perceptron consistently achieved high area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (>0.80) and sensitivity (>0.60) across training-validation and test data sets. Correcting for class imbalance proved critical for model performance. Important predictors for all outcomes included age, number of emergency department visits in the present year, chronic kidney disease stage, inpatient bed days in the present year, and mean hemoglobin A1c levels. Explainability analyses using partial dependence plots demonstrated that for the best performing models, the learned patterns were consistent with real-world knowledge, thereby supporting the validity of the models.

CONCLUSIONS

We successfully developed machine learning models capable of predicting high service level utilization with strong performance and valid explainability. These models can be integrated into wider diabetes-related population health initiatives.
Candida albicans adherence on soft denture liner coated with silica and titanium nanoparticles
Authors: Aditama Pramudya , Maharani Adella Syvia
Published: April 2024

The soft liner of acrylic resin dentures, used to coat removable partial dentures, still has drawbacks in the easy attachment of Candida albicans fungus. A treatment on the surface of the acrylic resin denture soft liner is needed to reduce the attachment of Candida albicans. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles have antimicrobial properties because they can induce photocatalytic production. This study aims to determine the effect of silica and titanium coating concentration on the attachment of Candida albicans to the soft liner of an acrylic resin denture. This study used 48 samples for 2 types of research. Each research consisted of 4 groups with 6 samples each. The samples were disc-shaped, with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. Silica and titanium coating materials of 0.5%, 1%, and 2% were obtained by mixing each nanoparticles of 0.5 g, 1 g, and 2 g in 100 ml of ethanol. After the application of the coating, the attachment test of Candida albicans was carried out. Candida albicans in SDA media were counted using a colony counter. The analysis was carried out using a one-way ANOVA test for each experiment. The ANOVA results showed an effect of silica and titanium coating concentrations on the attachment of Candida albicans to the soft liner of an acrylic resin denture (F = 10.929; p < 0.05 for silica, and F = 9.830; p < 0.05 for titanium). The group with a 2% silica coating concentration had the least amount of Candida albicans among all groups (0.48 ± 0.98 x 107 CFU/ml), as well as the group with a 2% titanium coating concentration (0.30 ± 0.83 x 107 CFU/ml). In conclusion, this study shows that the concentration of silica and the 2% titanium coating is the most effective in preventing the attachment of Candida albicans to the soft liner of acrylic resin dentures.
Effect of hexane extract of Clinacanthus nutans leaves on HSC-3 cells migration in vitro
Authors: Roeslan Moehamad Orliando , Qurrotuain Noni Anis , Rahmawati Dicha Yuliadewi , Monthanpisut Paopanga Orliando
Published: April 2024

Cancer is a major health issue and considered the most life-threatening disease worldwide. The oral cavity is one of the top ten locations in the body most frequently affected by cancer. The most common type of oral cancer (90%) is squamous cell carcinoma. Leaves of C. nutans have many uses and benefits, one of which is its potential as an anticancer agent. This study aims to determine the effect of C. nutans leaves hexane extract on HSC-3 cell strain migration. The leaves of C. nutans were extracted using a hexane solvent with the maceration method. Various concentrations (500, 250, 100, 50 and 25 mg/mL) were assessed to identify the effect of C. nutans leaves hexane extract on HSC-3 cells migration at 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 time point. The concentration of 500 μg/mL was found to possess the ability to inhibit migration and induce apoptosis by the 6th hour. The concentration of 250 μg/mL induced apoptosis by the 24th hour. Concentrations of 100 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL were capable of inhibiting cell migration, and the concentration of 25 μg/mL could only delay cell migration up to the 12th hour. In conclusion, hexane extract of C. nutans leaves can inhibit HSC-3 cells migration.
Improving Student Learning by Building Infrastructure, Capacities and Competencies: A Multinational e-Learning Partnership and Initiative
Authors: Okanda Paul M. , Okello Gabriel , Olemo Clifford , Akumu Kevin
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted education systems worldwide, requiring many higher education institutions (HEIs) to make immediate shifts towards online course and program delivery. While leaders simultaneously sought innovative solutions, many lacked the infrastructure to make such time-sensitive and resource-intensive changes. With substantive foundation funding, one private university in Africa partnered with one public university in the United States of America (USA) and co-designed and co-implemented an e-Learning initiative to deliver high-quality, inclusive e-Learning. Using a participatory evaluation approach and an evaluation framework that accounts for structural and institutional inequities in education, researchers representing both universities also co-examined this e-Learning initiative’s impacts, including its successes and challenges, using survey instruments, interviews, and focus groups. In this research paper, the authors provide some background to contextualize the research project, present details on the methodology used to conduct the research project and present the results via four key themes: participants’ experiences, successes, challenges, and implications and recommendations. The paper concludes with a discussion on the key findings of the research project and how they impact theory and practice in e-Learning.
Challenges and Solutions in D-Amino Acid Production Methods
Authors: Joshua Magezi , Erum Erum , Godspower Hero Nmeri , Ajeje Samaila Boyi , Shao Minglong , Qiao Zhina , Rao Zhiming
Published: April 2024

D-amino acids play a vital role in the pharmaceutical, food, and chemical industries for the manufacture of antibiotics, fertility drugs, sweeteners, and drugs against neural disorders. Examples include; they can be components in analgesics, antistress agents, antidiabetics (e.g., nateglinide), and anticoagulants. Therefore, industrial production of D amino acids is required, and owing to this, research has progressed while aiming towards improving yield and reducing the cost of production. However, to optimize large-scale production, challenges faced in currently used production methods must first be exposed for possible solutions. In this review, we provide a background of recent methods utilized, challenges in these methods, and solutions to enhance the production of D-amino acids.
Комплексные геохронологические и геохимические исследования предположительно импактного циркона древнее 2,8 млрд лет в породах Беломорской эклогитовой провинции
Authors: Докукина К.А. , Конилов А.Н. , Шешуков В.С. , Окина О.И. , Ван К.В.
Published: April 2024

Методом лазерной абляции с индуктивно связанной плазмой было проведено U-Th-­Pb изотопное датирование магматических и метаморфических цирконов, извлеченных из эгирин-­содержащих гнейсов в Гридинском меланже Беломорской эклогитовой провинции. Магматические ядра с возрастом 2,89–2,83 млрд лет датируют протолиты. Метаморфические зерна и каймы дали диапазон возрастов 2,80–1,8 млрд лет с пиками ~2,80, 2,75, 2,70 и 1,8 млрд лет, отвечающими последовательности тектонометаморфических событий в регионе.
Наряду с типичным цирконом обнаружены зерна с необычными гетерогенными ядрами, в строении которых сочетаются гранулярные, везикулярные и вермикулярные текстуры. В них, по данным спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния, наблюдаются преобразования от кристаллического до аморфного состояния. Микрогранулированные цирконы интерпретируются как свидетельства мезоархейского импактного события примерно 2,87 млрд лет или древнее.
Метрологическая прослеживаемость результатов определения химического состава металлургических материалов. Практические вопросы
Authors: Степановских В.В.
Published: April 2024

Результаты, получаемые в металлургии, машиностроении, геологии и т. д. при анализе материалов со сложным составом выражают в относительных единицах – массовой доле соответствующего элемента или соединения (кг / кг, процентах и т. д.). В соответствии с алгоритмом выполнения измерений результаты прослеживаются до единицы массы системы СИ «килограмм». Метрологические характеристики лабораторных весов имеют важное значение при оценке неопределенности результата анализа. Показано, что их калибровка является предпочтительной по сравнению с поверкой.
Градуировка аналитических приборов осуществляется индивидуально с каждой партией проб. Процедуры контроля точности с применением ССО, выполняемые на регулярной основе, подтверждают метрологическую прослеживаемость результатов. Обязательная поверка аналитических приборов в этом случае представляется нецелесообразной и избыточной.
FIRST PREDATION RECORD ON A CAECILIAN, Caecilia sp. (GYMNOPHIONA: CAECILIIDAE), BY THE POORLY KNOWN CAUCA CORALSNAKE, Micrurus multiscutatus (SQUAMATA: ELAPIDAE)
Authors: Barrera Ocampo Felipe , Forrester Timothy R.
Published: April 2024

We report the first record for the diet of the Cauca Coralsnake Micrurus multiscutatus, preying on a caecilian of the genus Caecilia in the pacific lowlands of Colombia. In addition, we describe a new hunting maneuver used by the coralsnake to subdue the caecilian.
PRIMER REGISTRO DE DEPREDACIÓN DE Xenosaurus (XENOSAURIDAE) POR Amastridium sapperi (DIPSADIDAE) CON COMENTARIOS SOBRE SU DISTRIBUCIÓN
Authors: Jiménez Arcos Victor Hugo , Cortés-Ortiz Bruno , Flores-Martínez Dulce L. , Cadena-Escobar Luis A , Seba-Chacha Misael , Vázquez Reyes Leopoldo D. , Rivera Ortiz Francisco A. , Ramírez-Bastida Patricia , Sanabria-Urbán Salomón
Published: April 2024

Proporcionamos el primer registro de depredación de una especie del género Xenosaurus, específicamente sobre un individuo joven de Xenosaurus grandis por la serpiente Amastridium sapperi en una zona de selva alta de la Sierra Mazateca, Oaxaca, México. Además, ampliamos los registros de distribución geográfica de esta serpiente para el estado de Oaxaca. El registro del evento de depredación entre especies con hábitos evasivos y difíciles de observar en vida libre amplía el conocimiento de las interacciones ecológicas que moldean la estructura y función en comunidades y ecosistemas.
TALLA MÁXIMA EN LA CULEBRA CHATA DE BAIRD Salvadora bairdi (COLUBRIDAE)
Authors: Valdez Rentería Sharon Yedid , Domínguez-Vega Hublester
Published: April 2024

La culebra chata de Baird (Salvadora bairdi) es una especie no-venenosa endémica de México, incluida en la norma oficial Nom-059 bajo la categoría de protección especial (Pr). Esta especie presenta una distribución geográfica relativamente amplia, que incluye la Sierra Madre Occidental y la Faja Volcánica Transmexicana. En esta nota reportamos una nueva longitud máxima para esta especie a partir de un individuo registrado en el Estado de México.
POSIBLE EVENTO DE DEPREDACIÓN DIURNA DE Peromyscus melanotis (Cricetidae) POR LA SERPIENTE DE CASCABEL OSCURA MEXICANA, Crotalus triseriatus (VIPERIDAE) EN EL PARQUE NACIONAL LA MALINCHE, MÉXICO
Authors: Cuatianquiz Lima Cecilia , Montoya Bibiana , Aguilar Fernando , Díaz de la Vega-Pérez Anibal H
Published: April 2024

Documentamos un posible evento de depredación diurna por la serpiente de cascabel oscura mexicana (Crotalus triseriatus) en el Parque Nacional La Malinche.
FAILED PREDATION OF A NEWBORN CALF BY THE CENTRAL AMERICAN COMMON BOA (Boa imperator: SERPENTES: BOIDAE) IN COSTA RICA
Authors: Solórzano Alejandro , Sasa Marín Mahmood
Published: April 2024

A failed predation attempt by an adult Central American Common Boa (Boa imperator) on a one-day-old calf is presented. The snake managed to kill the calf but was unable to swallow it as it could not overcome the width of the bovine's head. After several minutes he gave up and retired a few meters from the place where he remained with obvious signs of exhaustion. These miscalculations in predation are not uncommon in snakes, and although they usually manage to free themselves from prey, sometimes they cannot and die from exhaustion or other circumstances.
CAPTURA DE LAGARTIJA DEL MEZQUITE (Sceloporus grammicus) POR ARAÑA VIUDA CAFÉ (Latrodectus geometricus) EN OAXACA, MÉXICO
Authors: Vázquez Mendoza Sadoth , Martínez Sánchez Nallely
Published: April 2024

Reportamos el primer registro de captura de Sceloporus grammicus, por parte de una araña viuda café (Lactrodectus geometricus) en Oaxaca, México. Con este registro se confirma la captura de lagartijas por parte de estas arañas, y es el primero para el género Sceloporus en particular.
Exploración sobre el grado de cumplimiento de los derechos de los médicos residentes en México
Authors: Castro Roberto , Sarmiento-Chavero Mauricio , Romay-Hidalgo Frida , Castañeda-Prado Andrés
Published: April 2024

Introducción: A pesar de la legislación que garantiza los derechos de los médicos residentes, existen prácticas que van en contra de esta normativa. Se ha documentado el maltrato y la violencia sufrida por los médicos residentes, pero hay pocos estudios desde la perspectiva jurídica.

Objetivo: Determinar el grado de cumplimiento de los derechos de los médicos residentes según la normativa vigente en México.

Método: Se aplicó una encuesta en línea a médicos residentes sobre diferentes áreas temáticas relacionadas con el entorno académico y laboral, experiencias de violencia y conocimiento y ejercicio de sus derechos tales como conocimiento de su programa de formación, asistencia médica, apoyos para la atención y otros. Construimos un índice de cumplimiento de derechos basado en siete dimensiones.

Resultados: Contestaron la encuesta 678 médicos residentes. Se observan deficiencias en el cumplimiento de los derechos de quienes cursan la residencia. Se identificaron problemas en el conocimiento del programa, asistencia médica, apoyo para la atención de pacientes, violencia por parte de pares o superiores, supervisión y observancia de derechos básicos. El índice de cumplimiento de derechos mostró que el 33.7% de los residentes tenía un índice de cumplimiento de derechos de .5 o menor.

Discusión: Los resultados son consistentes con lo que se reporta en diversos estudios que documentan diversas formas de maltrato y abuso que experimentan los residentes.

Conclusiones: Se requiere tomar medidas para combatir la violencia y asegurar el cumplimiento de los derechos establecidos. La principal limitación de esta investigación es el carácter no aleatorio de la muestra. Sin embargo, los resultados muestran la necesidad de ampliar la investigación.
Carga mental en simulación de baja fidelidad asociada con material instruccional interactivo
Authors: Herrera-Aliaga Eduardo , Moreno Gálvez Ximena , Orellana-Walden Renán , Gloria Gloria , Ruiz Arriagada Cecilia
Published: April 2024

Introducción: Las actividades de simulación clínica a menudo se acompañan de un material instruccional de apoyo que se entrega previamente. Este, paradójicamente, puede implicar aumento de la demanda de recursos mentales para poder procesarlos. La teoría de la carga mental propone una capacidad limitada de la memoria de trabajo, por tanto, se hace necesaria la medición de la carga mental asociada con el material instruccional.

Objetivo: Evaluar la carga mental en simulaciones de baja fidelidad en estudiantes de enfermería, con y sin el uso de material instruccional interactivo.

Método: Estudio cuantitativo, experimental, diseño de caso y control. La muestra fue de 105 estudiantes, de tipo censal, con asignación aleatoria al grupo control y caso. El grupo caso fue expuesto a material instruccional tipo video y lectura de guía de aprendizaje, versus el grupo control, expuesto solo a lectura. Se midió la carga mental con instrumento NASA-TXL, después de una simulación de baja fidelidad.

Resultados: Las medias de puntaje para los grupos control y caso, fueron, respectivamente: demanda mental 5.69 ± 1.93 vs 6.24 ± 2.17 (p > 0.05), demanda física 3.22 ± 1.91 vs 3.47 ± 2.13 (p > 0.05), demanda temporal 4.89 ± 2.32 vs 5.49 ± 2.71 (p  >0.05), esfuerzo 6.98 ± 1.78 vs 7.61 ± 1.83 (p < 0.05), nivel de frustración 4.81 ± 2.50 vs 6.02 ± 2.83 (p < 0.05) y rendimiento 7.91 ± 1.49 vs 7.71 ± 1,45 (p > 0.05)

Conclusiones: Existieron diferencias significativas en las escalas esfuerzo y nivel de frustración. En las escalas demanda mental, física y temporal, el grupo caso presenta mayores puntajes, sin diferencias significativas. El rendimiento auto percibido fue menor en el grupo caso.
Real Time Decision-Making Strategy Based on Process Tracking
Authors: Hisamov N. I. , Al Akkad M. A.
Published: April 2024

This article examines a new data presentation methodology based on a system of rules for decision-making in artificial intelligence systems. First the method is introduced, which consists of many processes and actions and is based on their interaction. The sets of conditions and actions can be changed without changing the operation of the decision-making algorithm. It allows creating an artificial intelligence model that can build an optimal behavior model for various implementations and functionalities. The actions are built based on defined rules, in addition to decision trees, which allow adapting to the current situation. First, the bot searches for a process based on the priority and conditions for starting the process. Then it executes the action with the highest priority, trying to complete it successfully. Data, in the form of conditions, received after the action is performed, is transferred to the process. This information about how successfully the action was performed are entered into a table. Based on the table, a decision tree is built. If the bot completes all the process’s goals, it finishessuccessfully; otherwise, the bot may continue to execute the process or start looking for a new one. To improve the efficiency of decision-making, reinforcement learning algorithms and decision tree construction are used. The results of applying this method are discussed, and a conclusion on the effectiveness of the method and future enhancements are mentioned.This work offers a universal tool for the development of artificial intelligence in the field of computer games.
Measurement of Oscillatory and Dissipative Characteristics of Solid-state Wave Gyroscope Resonators: Algorithms Based on the Analysis of Transient Processes of Free Oscillations
Authors: Shishakov K. V.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to algorithms for measuring the oscillatory-dissipative characteristics of integrating solid-state wave gyroscoperesonators. The list of such algorithms is limited only to algorithms that use the results of transient processobservation of free oscillations after excitation of a pronounced standing wave in a resonator. The list of measured oscillation-dissipative characteristics includes the values of different frequencies and different Q ratios of gyroscope resonators, as well as angular positions of the stiffness and Q-axes. The article contains sequentially performed a mathematical description of the mode of free run-out of standing waves in the gyroscope resonator; mathematical description of the signalinternal structure generated by the gyroscopemeasuring device; preliminary analysis of the initial data and quantitativeparameterassessment for the physical representation of the resonatorfree oscillation features. On this basis, variousdetailing algorithm options to assess the resonatorstiffness properties for observing transient processes in the free run-out mode of the wave pattern are discussed, as well as possible approaches to the algorithmconstruction to assessresonator viscosity properties. The givenalgorithm formulations are focused on the use of standard two-channel measuring gyroscopedevice, capable to calculate the angle and amplitudes of standing working and quadrature waves. It has been confirmed that the observation of transients in time in the free run-out mode of the wave pattern makes it possible to obtain fairly simple computational algorithms to assess the resonatorstiffness properties. At the same time, in order to measure the disparity and angular position of the viscosity axes of the resonator when observing transient processes, a more complex computational identification problem is required. For the practical application of the above-mentioned algorithms to measure the different frequency and angular position of the stiffening axes, the observation time interval should be selected based on the calculation that the multiphase of the resonant oscillations exceeds half of the wavelength .
AHP Based Consistency of Pairwise Comparison Matricesgeneralized Jpinion Assessment and Conclusion on the Example of Cognitive Radio System
Authors: Blagodatsky G. A. , Baturin I. S. , Mukhamedzhanov R. I.
Published: April 2024

This study focuses on analyzing the of pairwise comparison matrices consistency in cognitive radio systems under various data transmission modes. The introduction considers the AHP procedure (T. Saaty) and its relation to the decision matrix method (G. Pospelov). To describe an object (cognitive radio system) its operational modes are given (information transmission) (analogous and digital speech and the data). The procedure of expert opinion assessment on the basis of experience (according to E. Zhivitskaya) along with expert competency assessment of the group. The procedure of pairwise comparison matrices determination and making a generalized conclusion of expert opinion on its basis was given. The result offeedback deviation assessment from the ideal one within hierarchical nodes of cognitive radio system operation modes. It was revealed that matrix nodes “Computational Load”, “Computational Resource Consumption Minimization”, “Interferences”, “Natural and Geographic Factors”, “Optimal Information Transmission”, “Power Reduction”, “Speed Increase”are consistent into “Mode 1” of digital information transmission. Pairwise comparison matrices in hierarchical nodes “Power Minimization” into “Mode 4”, speech “Mode 2” and “Mode 3, “Re-Mode 4” and analogous information transmission “Mode 6”, “Data Transmission Maximization” when assessing controlling parameter importance for digital data transmission mode“Mode 3” has the lowest consistency. Weak consistency of parameter assessment for the mode emphasizes the need of extra analysis and special expert attention for the given hierarchy structure.
Production Planning Problem with Work Completion Time Uncertainty
Authors: Velikiy S. I. , Gorokhov M. M. , Tenenev V. A.
Published: April 2024

Planning is a prerequisite for improving the industrial efficiency of any production. The main tasks in planning are to minimize time and total costs. The efficiency of equipment utilization depends on workflow management of certain types of machine fleet in the production of multi-item products. Skilled planning reduces costs of raw material and componentrelocation and stacking. One of the important issues is the production scheduling for the following process flow. There are several types of equipment or machines. Machines can operate in parallel. There may be several machines of the same type. The equipment is used to process some items or parts of various types. Each part takesspecific time to be processed on a particular machine type. In addition, according to the manufacturing process technology, there is a sequence of operations on a particular machine type for each part. A machine can process only one partat a time. Limited stacking placefor the parts to be processed may become an extra condition. The article sets the schedulingtask for a given number of different contentworks processingon a given sequence of machines of different types. A machine refers to any device used to perform a process operation related to the operation. Each product or work has an individual sequence of technological operations. The possibility of componentparallel processing in batches intended for the assembly of different products is taken into account withtime uncertainty in the task is allowed. To solve the problem of minimizing finite time, a genetic algorithm is used with the representation of the chromosome in the form of a Petri network. The calculations showed that uncertainties lead to an increase in the release time of products.
A New Effectivemethod to Determine the Discrete Finite Real Signalenvelopes Based on The Parametric Discrete Fourier Transform of the Second Type
Authors: Ponomareva O. V. , Khvorenkov V. V. , Ponomareva N. V.
Published: April 2024

The article shows that expanding the applicationscope of digital signal processing (DSP) systems, increasing the scale of tasks and problems solved by such systems, led to the need to develop a theory,improve DSP methods and algorithms, including those based on discrete finite Fourier and Hilbert transforms (DFT) and (DPG). DFT and DPG, due to their properties, the emergence of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm (Cooley J.W., Tukey J.W., 1965), have found the widest application in DSP systems. It is shown that DFTs, along with their advantages, also have fundamental disadvantages, thatreveal in the time and frequency domains in a number of negative effects, and the calculations of DFTs are accompanied by a number of difficulties. The paper briefly examines the fundamentals of the DSP theory in parametric Fourier bases. Parametric discrete Fourier transforms (DFT-P) are the two generalizations of the classical DFT. At the same time, introducing a parameter into the DFT-P allows you to “control” the properties of the unitary transformation within the frequency or time domain. The article considers two types of mathematically timeequivalent descriptions of discrete finite real (DFR) signals: in the form of a spectrum (the sum of discrete harmonic components) and in the form that uses the instantaneous parameters of the DFD signal: instantaneous amplitude, instantaneous phase and envelope. From the information descriptionviewpoint, instantaneous parameters provide a more complete representation and informationidentification about the properties and states of the objects, phenomena, processes and systems under study. DFT and DPG transformations play an important role in describing DPD signals. The article, for example, shows that the DPG is the only linear operator that allows you to determine the instantaneous parameters of the DPD signalunambiguously, subject to the fulfillment of completely understandable requirements. In this work, a new effective method for determining envelopes based on parametric Fourier transforms of the second type has been developed. The theoretical results obtained in the article are confirmed by mathematical modeling.
Simulation Modeling of OLSR Routing Protocol Performance in Video Data Transmission from Unmanned Area Vehicle Using Various Mobility Models
Authors: Shibanov R.E. , Kaisina I.A. , Nistyuk A.I. , Abilov A.V.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of simulation modeling of real-time data transmission processes. The main objective of the article was to evaluate the performance of the Optimized Link-State Routing (OLSR) routing protocol when transmitting video data from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to a ground station through a relay node using various mobility models in the NS-3 network simulator. The scenario involved a flying source node transmitting real-time video data to a destination node while moving away from it at a specified speed. The study focused on the moment of switching from direct transmission (source node to destination node) to transmission through a relay node (source node to relay node to destination node), with the primary metric being the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR). Based on the analysis results, conclusions were drawn regarding the expected performance of the OLSR routing protocol during real mission execution using a relay node to extend the network coverage between the UAV source node and the ground station destination node. Recommendations were also provided for improving PDR metrics, including the use of a method for retransmitting lost fragments at the application level called MS-AL-ARQ.
Application of the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Tool in Testing Laboratory for a Risk Analysis
Authors: Makaeva A.R. , Makaeva V.I. , Denisova Ya.V. , Ermolaeva E.A.
Published: April 2024

The new version of the GOST ISO/IEC 17025-2019 standard requires the laboratories to plan and carry out actions to eliminate risks and opportunities. Several management tools can be used to identify risks, such as Failure Tree Analysis (FTA), Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), Ishikawa diagram, risk matrix, brainstorming, and etc. The result of risk identification in the laboratory is a risk register containing all potential risks that may arise during laboratory activities. FMEA is one of the such registries. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the possibility of using the FMEA tool for risk assessment in a testing laboratory, taking into account the requirements of GOST ISO/IEC 17025-2019. Two processes were selected and used for FMEA analysis - review of requests, applications and internal laboratory control. As part of the analysis, point estimates (on a ten-point scale) of the Severity of Effect S, the Probability of Occurrence O, and the Likelihood of Detection D. Based on the scores, the risk priority number RPN is calculated. For nonconformities with the RPN value exceeded 100, corrective measures were developed that made it possible to reduce the RPN values to an acceptable laboratory level. It is recommended to analyze the processes using the FMEA method in order to identify the causes of nonconformities and prevent their recurrence periodically. Risk analysis and management are necessary to achieve the intended results in the activities of testing laboratories, maintain and improve the quality management system.
Mathematical Model Development of an In-Line Robotic Complex Mechanical System
Authors: Kuchev D. N.
Published: April 2024

The article considers the problem of pipeline inspection of the Russian Federation, provides brief statistics on failures of various purpose industrial pipelines, presents the causes of accidents, analyzes technical solutions for pipeline timely inspection using in-line robotic devices, proposes a new design of an in-line robotic complex with the possibility of movement along complex geometry sections, a study presents the mathematical description development of an in-line robotic complex mechanical system for the subsequent creation of a motion control system for the device moving inside the pipeline. The research uses methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization of scientific experience in the field of automated in-tube devices, methods of theoretical mechanics, mechatronics and robotics. As a result, a mathematical description of a statically balanced mechanical system transition into the movement of the device is obtained when тяги расч с ;F F> relations of design parameters and its orientation on scalar values of wheel propeller reaction forces are obtained; thus, for a device weight of 12 kg, the orientation of the pipeline inclination angle of 0 degrees and the minimum clamping force of wheel propellers, the resulting reaction forces of the supports is 117.6 N. The obtained relations make it possible to determine the gravity distribution between the supporting legs with respect to design parameters of an automated device, as well as its orientation, while the wheel propeller reaction forces are the main component in determining the device traction force. In turn, this allows calculation of the required forces on the supporting legs to maintain the device spatial position with respect to the orientation angles ( ),,θ α to move the inspecting equipment of the device to the required diagnostic position relative to the pipeline and to select an electric motor. The results of the study can be used in the development of in-line robotic devices of the push-pull type.
Smart Green Electric Vehicle Charging Station
Authors: Gound Prathamesh
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) demands a robust infrastructure of charging stations powered by renewable energy sources to mitigate environmental impact and ensure sustainable mobility. This project proposes aninnovative Electric Vehicle Charging Station (EVCS) that harnesses solar and wind energy, supplemented by grid connectivity for emergencies. The system incorporates diversecharging methods including AC, DC, and wireless technologiesto cater to varying EV requirements. The core components of the proposed EVCS include a PWM-based solar charge controller, inverter, Arduino Uno microcontroller, and RFID- based wireless authentication system. The solar charge controller efficiently manages power from solar panels, optimizing charging performance while ensuring battery longevity. Inverter technology facilitates seamless conversionof DC renewable energy into AC power compatible with EV charging standards. The integration of an Arduino Uno microcontroller enables intelligent monitoring and control of charging processes, ensuring efficient utilization of available energy resources and enhancing user experience. Additionally, an RFID-based wireless authentication system enhances security and convenience by enabling contactless authentication for EV charging sessions
Low Drop-Out Regulator
Authors: Kalaghatagi Jagadish Shrishail
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The Low Dropout Regulator (LDO) is a kind of linear voltage regulator that uses transistors as variable impedance components to regulate the voltage and current. Due to its low noise and quick transient response, it is often deployed in portable equipment. We will develop, simulate, and analyse a low-dropout regulator in this project. The regulator is based on the traditional seven-pack approach, which reduces the number of components, simplifies the design, and also reduces power consumption. The system is developed and simulated in the cadence virtuoso environment at the 90 nm cmos scale of technology. It describes a three to five volt, 100 millivolt low dropout regulator. The experimental findings demonstrate that a minimal voltage drop may be achieved by combining a two-stage operational amplifier with a bandgap voltage reference, as well as a feedback element and a pass device.
SAÚDE MENTAL DE PACIENTES IDOSOS EM TRATAMENTO HEMODIALÍTICO: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Marcelino Daniela , Giroldo Júlio César , Barcellos Carolina Milhim , Candido Bulgo Danilo , Nascimento Lilian Cristina Gomes do
Published: April 2024

Human aging is a complex physiological process influenced by various individual and health factors. This study aimed to investigate psychological distress in elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis through an integrative literature review. The guiding question was: "What are the main symptoms of psychological distress in elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis?" Scientific descriptors "Renal dialysis", "anxiety", "aged", and "psychological distress" were used. After the search, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in 17 articles found in Medline (n = 16) and LILACS (n = 1). After excluding 4 articles, 9 from Medline and 1 from LILACS, six were selected for analysis. The results revealed a predominance of male patients in the studied samples. The most commonly reported symptoms of psychological distress were anxiety, depression, distress, stress, and sleep disturbances. However, there was a scarcity of studies specifically addressing psychological distress in elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis, highlighting the need for further research to understand the implications of this distress in this population. It is emphasized the importance of providing adequate psychological support and training to deal with these symptoms, which can negatively impact the quality of life of elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Bound by Blame: Sentencing, Colonialism, and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Nussbaum Sarah-jane
Published: April 2024

Gladue and Ipeelee send important messages to judges, but messages that have tensions within them that reflect the broader tensions of using the criminal law system to acknowledge ongoing state involvement in discrimination against Indigenous Peoples. The heart of the tension is that the criminal law system is built around assigning individual blame. I look closely at examples of judges struggling with inadequate tools to follow the Supreme Court of Canada’s guidelines to acknowledge and redress the harmful impacts of colonialism within the constraints of their job of assigning individual blame. The result, unfortunately, is a consistent failure to recognize the Canadian state’s ongoing role in colonial oppression. This article explores these tensions in the context of a particular manifestation: the judicial practice of blaming Indigenous mothers for the fetal alcohol spectrum disorder affecting their accused sons. The analysis illuminates the depth of the tensions of a common law criminal justice system in a colonial state: in the process of sentencing Indigenous offenders living with FASD, judges both strongly contest, and subtly rely upon, harmful colonial logics. I propose that a standing to blame analysis could assist judges in identifying, and responding to, the state’s own role in causing, or being complicit in, an Indigenous individual’s experiences of injustice. When the state has played such a role, the state is not justified in blaming the individual through the criminal law. The benefit of this kind of approach is that it would highlight the inappropriateness of the state’s use of individual blame to respond to harms arising in the context of colonialism and inequality.