bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of novel nucleoside analogues for lung cancer treatment
Authors: Σκαβάτσου Ελένη
Published: January 2022

Η παρούσα διατριβή έχει σαν στόχο την αξιολόγηση της αποτελεσματικότητας της μετρονομικής χορήγησης δια στόματος νουκλεοσιδικών αναλόγων έναντι του μη-μικροκυτταρικού καρκίνου του πνεύμονα. Ως μετρονομική χημειοθεραπεία ορίζουμε την καθημερινή χορήγηση χαμηλών μη τοξικών δόσεων ενός φαρμάκου, οι οποίες παραμένουν δραστικές, σε αντίθεση με την κλασσική χημειοθεραπεία η οποία βασίζεται σε μια άπαξ υψηλή χορήγηση ενός χημειοθεραπευτικού, σε δοσολογία συνήθως τοξική. Πρόκειται να διερευνηθεί το πώς η μετρονομική χορήγηση νουκλεοσιδικών αναλόγων μπορεί να επηρεάσει την πολυπλοκότητα του καρκίνου του πνεύμονα, μελετώντας τα μη φυσιολογικά μοριακά μονοπάτια, τα οποία συνεργούν για την εγκαθίδρυση και την εξάπλωση του όγκου. Η αγγειογένεση, η ανθεκτικότητα στα χορηγούμενα φάρμακα, η φλεγμονή και η μετάσταση αποτελούν κάποιες από τις διαδικασίες που διέπουν ένα καρκινικό σύστημα και κατά συνέπεια η εις βάθος μελέτη τους θα οδηγήσει στην κατανόηση του πώς η μετρονομική χημειοθεραπεία μπορεί να τροποποιήσει αυτούς τους καθοριστικούς μηχανισμούς, με άμεσο αποτέλεσμα την αναστολή εξάπλωσης του όγκου και τη μείωση της τοξικότητας. Το τελευταίο αποτελεί μεγάλη μας προτεραιότητα, καθώς η ποιότητα ζωής του ασθενούς χρήζει ιδιαίτερης προσοχής και δυστυχώς τα σύγχρονα χημειοθεραπευτικά σχήματα προκαλούν σοβαρές παρενέργειες. Εναλλακτικά, η μετρονομική χορήγηση μπορεί να εγγυηθεί μικρότερα ποσοστά τοξικότητας και συνεπώς βελτιωμένη ποιότητα ζωής. Η στρατηγική που προτείνουμε καλύπτει θεμελιώδεις ανάγκες των ασθενών, καθώς μέσω της καθημερινής χορήγησης δια στόματος εκείνοι δεν επιβαρύνονται σωματικά και ψυχικά, βελτιώνοντας αισθητά την ποιότητα ζωής τους μια και οι χορηγούμενες δόσεις ειναι μη τοξικές. Η πρότασή μας μπορεί δυναμικά να συμβάλλει στον ιατρικό και ερευνητικό κλάδο, καθώς προτείνει ένα βελτιωμένο θεραπευτικό πλάνο, το οποίο μπορεί να εφαρμοστεί πρώτη φορά για την αντιμετώπιση του καρκίνου του πνεύμονα. Όλα τα πειράματα θα διεξαχθούν τόσο in vitro όσο και in vivo, με έμφαση σε καινοτόμες τεχνικές φασματομετρίας μάζας και στην ανάπτυξη κατάλληλων και αντιπροσωπευτικών ζωικών μοντέλων καρκίνου του πνεύμονα κατευθύνοντας έτσι την έρευνα σε πιο εξατομικευμένες προσεγγίσεις.
Dziesięć konstruktywnych skutków pandemii COVID-19 dla nauki i szkolnictwa wyższego
Authors: Kubinowski Dariusz
Published: January 2022

Pandemia COVID-19 stanowi wyzwanie dla nauki i szkolnictwa wyższego, a lekcje płynące z jej osobistego doświadczania przez akademików dostarczają cennego materiału do przemyśleń o przyszłości. Postrzegając pandemię jako dramat ludzkości, autor przedstawia i uzasadnia wybrane konstruktywne jej skutki dla nauki i szkolnictwa wyższego, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem sytuacji w Polsce. Posługuje się przy tym metodyką badań autoetnograficznych, osadzając swoje myślenie metodologiczne na gruncie rodzącego się dopiero „paradygmatu VUCO”. Eksponuje przy tym emergencję jako istotną kategorię metodologiczną w teraźniejszości i przyszłości nauk społecznych, pedagogicznych. Wnioskiem z przeprowadzonych analiz jest postulat wzmożenia realizacji badań futurologiczno-projektujących.
Pomiędzy asymilacją, dyskryminacją i unicestwieniem. Geneza i rozwój szkolnictwa internatowego dla mniejszości tubylczych w Kanadzie
Authors: Gmerek Tomasz
Published: January 2022

Artykuł dotyczy problemu relacji pomiędzy edukacją a procesami asymilacji i dyskryminacji mniejszości tubylczych (Indian oraz Inuitów) w Kanadzie. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono rekonstrukcji praktyk oświatowych oraz polityce edukacyjnej w ramach kanadyjskiego szkolnictwa (w szczególności destrukcji tożsamości etnicznej w szkołach internatowych). Analizy odnoszą się do relacji pomiędzy szkolnictwem, religią oraz procesami socjalizacji i przymusowej chrystianizacji, a także polityki językowej wobec autochtonicznych mniejszości Kanady.
Rodzina środowiskiem wychowania moralnego
Authors: Mariański Janusz
Published: January 2022

Współcześnie rodzina staje się raczej wspólnotą emocjonalną, traci cechy trwałej instytucji (dezinstytucjonalizacja). Zmiana przebiega od stosunków bardziej rzeczowych dawniej do stosunków osobowych i opartych na więziach uczuciowych – obecnie. Zmieniają się oczekiwania co do jakości życia rodzinnego. W kontekście dokonujących się przemian społeczno-kulturowych w rodzinie pojawia się pytanie o stan i perspektywy wychowania moralnego w rodzinie. Czy jest ona w dalszym ciągu podstawową instytucją kształtowania moralnej tożsamości człowieka, czy też traci część swoich funkcji socjalizacyjno-wychowawczych na rzecz innych instancji? Czy rodzina jest w dalszym ciągu dynamicznym środowiskiem wychowania moralnego? Jaki styl wychowania dominuje w polskich rodzinach? Niektóre z tych kwestii podejmujemy w niniejszym artykule.
POLSCY PEDAGODZY O SZKOLNICTWIE ANGIELSKIM Z TRADYCJI POLSKIEJ PEDAGOGIKI PORÓWNAWCZEJ XX WIEKU
Authors: Włoch Anna
Published: January 2022

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie rozwoju polskiej pedagogiki porównawczej w XX wieku. Rosnące zainteresowanie badaniami porównawczymi wśród polskich historyków wychowania i pedagogów w latach 60. XX wieku zostało przedstawione poprzez ukazanie specyfiki angielskiego systemu oświatowego. Rozwój pedagogiki naukowej w Polsce znacząco zwiększył także zainteresowanie innymi systemami edukacyjnymi w Europie. Publikowanie opracowań o szkołach angielskich i historii edukacji w Wielkiej Brytanii było bardzo oryginalnym podejściem i cieszyło się dużym uznaniem wśród polskich uczonych. Wielu znanych polskich pedagogów i historyków wychowania (poza Bogdanem Nawroczyńskim) jest słabo znanych ze swoich osiągnięć w obszarze pedagogiki porównawczej. Pierwsza część artykułu przedstawia wkład B. Nawroczyńskiego w rozwój polskiej pedagogiki porównawczej. Analiza wyników badań wskazuje, że publikacje polskich autorów: Zygmunta Kukulskiego, Jana Konopnickiego i Karola Kotłowskiego z lat czterdziestych i sześćdziesiątych nie straciły na aktualności, powinny być wzorem rzetelności naukowej i kompendium wiedzy o historii szkolnictwa w Anglii. W badaniach wykorzystano metodę analizy dokumentów, orygnialnych publikacji polskich autorów zajmujących się angielskim szkolnictwem.
MATERIAŁ ŹRÓDŁOWY W MUZEUM OKRĘGOWYM W SANDOMIERZU* DO ŻYCIA I DZIAŁALNOŚCI OŚWIATOWEJ ALEKSANDRA K. PATKOWSKIEGO (1890–1942) PRZYCZYNEK DO BADAŃ
Authors: Topij-Stempińska Beata
Published: January 2022

Aleksander K. Patkowski związany był z Sandomierzem przez całe swoje życie. Najpierw tu mieszkał z rodzicami, uczył się i pracował w sandomierskich szkołach, aktywnie uczestniczył w życiu społeczności lokalnej. Później po wyjeździe do Warszawy nadal interesował się Sandomierzem, a nawet szerzej regionem sandomierskim. Wielu badaczom znany jest przede wszystkim jako „ojciec regionalizmu polskiego”. To właśnie w Sandomierzu z jego inicjatywy powołano Powszechny Uniwersytet Regionalny (1923 rok). Aktywnie uczestniczył w wydarzeniach związanych z popularyzacją wiedzy dotyczącą regionu, ale także edukacji dorosłych. W rodzinnym mieście Patkowskiego m.in. w Dziale Literatury Muzeum Okręgowego w Sandomierzu gromadzone są i przechowywane archiwalia związane z życiem i działalnością Patkowskiego. Zatem dla podjętych rozważań istotne jest pytanie: Jaki materiał źródłowy zgromadzony został w Muzeum Okręgowym w Sandomierzu? oraz które ze zgromadzonych archiwaliów pozwolą na uzupełnienie wiedzy dotyczącej życia i działalności oświatowej Patkowskiego?
Telenovelas turcas en el canal temático digital Nova: nuevos horizontes narrativos y de programación.
Authors: Hidalgo Marí Tatiana , Segarra-Saavedra Jesús
Published: January 2022

Este artículo tiene como objetivo proporcionar una taxonomía sobre la telenovela turca emitida en el canal temático español Nova, con el fin de determinar nuevas estrategias y narrativas en tendencia. Para ello, se combina una metodología cualitativa con el análisis del discurso que ofrece resultados sobre las diferencias y similitudes entre la telenovela turca y latinoamericana y permite detectar tendencias que están contribuyendo al posicionamiento del producto narrativo en cuestión
Dentro de campo. La representación ético-estética del Holocausto a través de la película El hijo de Saúl.
Authors: Cuenca Cora
Published: January 2022

Este artículo orbita en torno a la representación audiovisual de uno de los capítulos más oscuros dela historia de la humanidad: el Holocausto. Partiendo de la proposición wittgensteniana de que “ética y estética son una”, hemos llevado a cabo un análisis hermenéutico y semiótico de la película húngara El hijo de Saúl (Saul fia, László Nemes, 2015), tratando aspectos entre los que destacan el montaje, la imagen, el foco, el audio y el color. El objetivode este estudio es reivindicar la importancia de este filme como objeto cultural que reúne una serie de decisiones estéticas que la sitúan éticamente en el mundo y en el panorama cinematográfico, frente a otros que trivializan, estetizan o monetizan el exterminio judío a manos de los nazis. El hijo de Saúl respeta lo extraordinario del acontecimiento, e interroga al cine como medio para encontrar una vía de representación que no degenere en esa banalización del dolor. Así, llegamos a tres conclusiones. En primer lugar, que en ese constante preguntarse por las posibilidades del cine y los límites estéticos de la representación, se encuentra el comportamiento ético por parte de los cineastas. En segundo, que el espectador deberá aceptar el reto de enfrentarse a un cine alejado del modo de representación institucional (MRI) y formar parte activa del intercambio de información. Por último, que el cine como vehículo de cambio social debe servir al fortalecimiento de la democracia y contribuir a garantizar la no repetición del desastre.
W kręgu badań języka i stylu: Wybór prac
Authors: Śliwiński Władysław
Published: January 2022

IN THE CIRCLE OF RESEARCH OF THE LANGUAGE AND STYLE The book presents selected works of the Krakow linguist Prof. Władysław Śliwiński, PhD, from 1977–2017, published earlier in scientific journals and collective volumes. The book consists of two parts: “Polszczyzna ogólna i style użytkowe” [“General Polish and Utility Styles”] and “Szyk wyrazów, składnia i słownictwo w języku artystycznym” [“Word Order, Syntax and Vocabulary in the Artistic Language”. Overall, it comprises 21 articles.
Islamic Thought in Africa
Authors: Ajura Alhaj Yusuf Salih
Published: January 2022

This is the first English translation of and commentary on the collected poems of Alhaj Yusuf Salih Ajura (1910–2004), a northern Ghanaian orthodox Islamic scholar, poet, and polemicist known as Afa Ajura, or “scholar from Ejura.” The poems, all handwritten in Arabic script, mainly in the Ghanaian language of Dagbani and also Arabic, explore the author's socio-religious beliefs. In the accompanying introduction, the translator examines the diverse themes of the poems and how they challenge Tijaniyyah Sufi clerics and traditional practices such as idol worship. The introduction provides a background on the translation and commentary. It describes Ajuraism, which is Afa Ajura's reform-oriented educational approach based on the concept of orthodoxy. Orthopraxy, according to Sunnah, that rejected the status quo of traditional Dagomba practices and the syncretism and innovations of Tijaniyyah Sufism. Afa Ajura's collection of handwritten poems address multiple intellectual issues and diverse socio-religious topics.
Becoming Organic
Authors: Galvin Shaila Seshia
Published: January 2022

Becoming Organic traces the social and bureaucratic life of organic quality, yielding fresh understandings of the meaning and practice of organic and sustainable agriculture. Decentering perspectives on organic farming that rely on the specific historical experiences of Europe and North America, the book examines how certified organic farming is introduced in the Himalayan state of Uttarakhand in northern India. Organic quality, the book argues, is best understood less as a material property of land or its produce than as something that is diffusely produced; it takes shape across discursive, regulatory, and affective registers, through practices that encompass producing compost as well as certification records; inspecting fields, grains, and documents; and reimagining relationships between the state, market, and agricultural producers on a rural frontier. This conceptually innovative and methodologically original ethnographic study shows how the development of organic agriculture in Uttarakhand is historically and regionally situated in broader and enduring relations between nature and agriculture that have been shaped by layered histories of colonialism, postcolonial development, and neoliberal reform. It reveals how, during a time of great political change and economic liberalization, development practice unfolds in rural India through complex relations forged among state authorities, private corporations, and new agrarian intermediaries.
Introduction to the Apocrypha
Authors: Wills Lawrence M.
Published: January 2022

The Apocrypha or deuterocanonical texts of the Bible were Jewish texts that were included in Christian Old Testaments over and above the books of the Jewish Bible, although in the ancient period both the Jewish canon and the Bibles of the various Christian churches were in flux. Thus the authority of these extra books, as well as the decision about which books would be so included, has also varied enormously. The Apocrypha have been continuously debated by Christian authors over the centuries, and Jewish authors from the Middle Ages on have re-introduced some of the books of the Apocrypha into Jewish religious culture. Also, in addition to the extra books of the Catholic and Orthodox churches, considered here are the less well known books of the Ethiopic, Syriac (Peshitta), Armenian, and Coptic Bibles. The books of the various Apocrypha’s and the problems associated with them are introduced in these categories: novellas, historical texts, wisdom texts, apocalypses, and psalms, prayers, and odes. Important themes central to Jewish identity in the Greek and Roman periods that appear in these works are treated. The role that these texts have continued to play in Christian and in some cases Jewish tradition is noted, along with some examples of the figures of the texts in art.
Latecomer State Formation
Authors: Mazzuca Sebastián
Published: January 2022

Latin American governments systematically fail to provide the key public goods for their societies to prosper. This book argues this is because nineteenth-century Latin American state-formation occurred in a period when commerce, rather than war, was the key driver forging countries. Latin American leaders pursued the benefits of international trade at the cost of long-term liabilities built into the countries they forged, notably patrimonial administrations and dysfunctional regional combinations. The book begins with a background on comparative state-formation, introducing the idea that the timing of state-formation in world history is crucial. It develops a theory that explains cases of state-formation with and without state building. It also lays the groundwork for the study of comparative state-formation and highlights the difference between state-formation and smaller-scale political processes. The book examines the two processes of state-formation: territory consolidation and violence monopolization. It then considers how the state-formation in Latin America occurred under extremely auspicious international economic and geopolitical conditions. The book concludes that the nineteenth-century state-formation is a key to understanding some of the most pressing issues in contemporary Latin America. It suggests that some paths of state-formation do not lead to state building, and a subset of them create durable obstacles it.
Tumultuous Times
Authors: Shirakawa Masaaki
Published: January 2022

The Japanese economy, once the envy of the world for its dynamism and growth, lost its shine after a financial bubble burst in early 1990s and slumped further during the Global Financial Crisis in 2008. It suffered even more damage in 2011, when a severe earthquake set off the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. However, the Bank of Japan soldiered on to combat low inflation, low growth, and low interest rates, and in many ways it served as a laboratory for actions taken by central banks in other parts of the world. This book provides a rare insider's account of the workings of Japanese economic and monetary policy during this period and how it challenged mainstream economic thinking.
Metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty provides excellent long-term survivorship and function in patients with a good-sized femoral head
Authors: Gani Muhammad Haseeb , Zahoor Ubaid , Hanna Sammy A. , Scott Gareth
Published: January 2022

Aims

To establish the survivorship, function, and metal ion levels in an unselected series of metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasties (HRAs) performed by a non-designer surgeon.

Methods

We reviewed 105 consecutive HRAs in 83 patients, performed by a single surgeon, at a mean follow-up of 14.9 years (9.3 to 19.1). The cohort included 45 male and 38 female patients, with a mean age of 49.5 years (SD 12.5)

Results

At the time of review 13 patients with 15 hips had died from causes unrelated to the hip operation, and 14 hips had undergone revision surgery, giving an overall survival rate of rate of 86.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 84.2 to 89.1). The survival rate in men was 97.7% (95% CI 96.3 to 98.9) and in women was 73.4% (95% CI 70.6 to 75.1). The median head size of the failed group was 42 mm (interquartile range (IQR) 42 to 44), and in the surviving group was 50 mm (IQR 46 to 50). In all, 13 of the 14 revised hips had a femoral component measuring ≤ 46 mm. The mean blood levels of cobalt and chromium ions were 26.6 nmol/l (SD 24.5) and 30.6 nmol/l (SD 15.3), respectively. No metal ion levels exceeded the safe limit. The mean Oxford Hip Score was 41.5 (SD 8.9) and Harris Hip Score was 89.9 (14.8). In the surviving group, four patients had radiolucent lines around the stem of the femoral component, and one had lysis around the acetabular component; eight hips demonstrated heterotopic ossification.

Conclusion

Our results confirm the existing understanding that HRA provides good long-term survival and function in patients with adequate-sized femoral heads. This is evidenced by a 97.7% survival rate among men (larger heads) in our series at a mean follow-up of 14.9 years. Failure is closely related to head sizes ≤ 46 cm. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(1):68–76.
Neighbourhood planning and the spatial practices of localism
Authors: Bradley Quintin , Burnett Amy , Sparling William
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines the use of statutory planning powers to effect spatial change by neighbourhoods in England. Neighbourhood planning is unusual in that a tailor-made set of statutory powers was devised and offered to communities to give them distinct rights within the development planning framework. Where much research on neighbourhood planning has focused on its impact on community governance and the management of place, the chapter is concerned with the implementation of a set of spatial practices, and the use by neighbourhoods of a specific, and quite limited, framework of land-use planning to achieve their goals. It addresses the approach taken by neighbourhoods to the key challenge of housing supply, before reviewing the use of planning policy to highlight the goals of social sustainability in regeneration and public infrastructure, and considering the environmental measures and low-carbon alternatives promoted in neighbourhood plans. The chapter concludes with an assessment of what is distinctive about the spatial practices of neighbourhood planning and their impact on land and property markets.
La planificació i la política lingüístiques a l’URSS: la categoria de nacionalitat
Authors: Cabal Guarro Miquel
Published: January 2022

La Unió Soviètica va construir una categoria social i cultural (la nacionalitat) a partir d’una sèrie de paràmetres que en bona part brollaren de la planificació i la política lingüístiques (PPL) dels primers anys després de la Revolució. La PPL va passar per fases diverses amb conseqüències també diferents, i va contribuir a la configuració d’un imaginari particular sobre la nacionalitat, tant pel que fa a la fonamentació com a la interpretació d’una categoria que, encara avui, es percep generalment com a immanent i perpètuament heretable. L’article exposa els orígens i les diverses fases de la PPL a l’URSS i apunta que la categoria de nacionalitat i les implicacions que té en són avui el vestigi més palpable.
Sobre «agendes queer», «lobbies trans» i «sectes mutants»: feminisme trans-excloent a l’Estat Espanyol
Authors: Vives Bauçà Bel
Published: January 2022

Des del 2008 s’utilitza el terme «TERF» per a referir-se a sectors del feminisme amb tendències transfòbiques i essencialistes. A l’Estat Espanyol, aquest feminisme s’ha emfatitzat en els últims anys, sobretot arran del debat de la Llei Trans. A través d’un anàlisi de conjuntura s’intentaran respondre les següents preguntes: qui són les TERF, què diuen i per què ho diuen. Així, els resultats permeten reflexionar sobre el feminisme TERF com a pugna de poder interna del feminisme (i no contra aquest) i sobre els paral·lelismes d’aquest discurs amb altres formes discursives, ja siguin moviments anti-feministes (com l’extrema dreta o l’ortodòxia religiosa) o sectors reaccionaris i conservadors de l’esquerra socialista.
Contiguous perfect coded aperture patterns with high throughput
Authors: Byard Kevin
Published: January 2022

A method is described that mosaics linear uniformly redundant arrays and modified uniformly redundant arrays onto a square lattice to create coded aperture patterns of approximately 50% throughput that are contiguous, whereby every opaque element in the aperture is joined to at least one other opaque element. Parameters required to create these perfect high-throughput contiguous apertures for all coded aperture unit pattern orders of up to 300 elements are presented. The apertures presented increase significantly the number of known contiguous apertures in dimensions forbidden to the known patterns and that have the same imaging quality as uniformly redundant arrays and modified uniformly redundant arrays while having imaging quality superior to other known self-supporting apertures. The effect of supporting the weaker areas of these contiguous apertures is investigated. Contiguous apertures are of interest for coded aperture systems that require extra rigidity or use active collimation.
Converting a smartphone into an accurate solar compass
Authors: Andreoli Fabrizio , Bollanti Sarah , Di Lazzaro Paolo , Flora Francesco , Mezi Luca , Murra Daniele , Murra Luca
Published: January 2022

We have developed an app, named Sunpass, that is able to convert every smartphone into a solar compass. Sunpass uses input data from the smartphone sensors, calculates the Sun position, and elaborates data to give the desired information. The azimuth values measured by a smartphone equipped with Sunpass show a typical accuracy of 0.5°, which is limited by camera aberrations and misalignment of both accelerometer and CCD camera of the smartphone. In this paper, we show that both accuracy and reliability in azimuth measurements can be improved by a specific calibration procedure and a dedicated mechanical tool. We obtained a remarkable accuracy better than 0.06° on the single azimuth measurements, which improves to 0.03° on the average of eight measurements.
Focus issue introduction: 3D image acquisition and display: technology, perception and applications
Authors: Javidi Bahram , Hua Hong , Stern Adrian , Martinez Manuel , Matobe Osamu , Wetzstein Gordon
Published: January 2022

This Feature Issue of Optics Express is organized in conjunction with the 2021 Optica (OSA) conference on 3D Image Acquisition and Display: Technology, Perception and Applications which was held virtually from 19 to 23, July 2021 as part of the Imaging and Sensing Congress 2021. This Feature Issue presents 29 articles which cover the topics and scope of the 2021 3D conference. This Introduction provides a summary of these articles.
Technologieadoptionsstrategien von Medienunternehmen. Schnelligkeit, Zeitpunkt und Planungshorizonte von Investitionen und Akquisitionen in Augmented und Virtual Reality-Technologien
Authors: Ciepluch Magdalena , Eisenbeis Uwe
Published: January 2022

Augmented und insbesondere Virtual Reality-Technologien und -Anwendungen existieren zwar bereits seit einigen Jahrzehnten, durchleben jedoch seit einigen Jahren (erneut) einen Aufschwung, getrieben durch technologische Entwicklungen. Aus diesen Entwicklungen ergeben sich in diversen Branchen, insbesondere aber in der Medienbranche, sowohl vielerlei Chancen als auch Herausforderungen. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich die Frage, wie sich Unternehmen der Medienbranche auf diese neuen Technologien einstellen bzw. eingestellt haben – im Sinne einer strategischen Vorbereitung auf die Zukunft bzw. hinsichtlich ihrer Technologieadoptionsstrategien. In diesem Artikel wird untersucht, wie früh oder spät bzw. zu welchem Zeitpunkt AR- und VR-Investitionen stattfinden und welchen Planungshorizont (Dauer vom Zeitpunkt der Investition bis zum Erreichen des Produktionslevels) Medienunternehmen in ihren AR- und VR-Investitionen verfolgen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich diejenigen Medienunternehmen, die in AR und VR investieren, in zwei große Gruppen aufteilen lassen: Wenn investiert wird, geschieht dies entweder relativ früh (nach 2 bis 4 Jahren) oder relativ spät (erst nach 12 bis 14 Jahren) nach Aufkommen der Technologie. Die beiden Gruppen können alsEarly MajorityundLate Majorityverstanden werden. Gemeinsam ist allen Medienkonzernen, dass ihre Investitionen einen mittelfristigen Planungshorizont von 5 bis 10 Jahren aufweisen, der bei AR sogar tendenziell länger ist als bei VR. Medienunternehmen sind sich dem langfristigen (Markt‑)Potenzial beider Technologien offenbar bewusst, investieren aber nur sehr zaghaft in diese.
The perils of plurality rule in democratic presidential systems: A replication and extension
Authors: Holzer Joshua
Published: January 2022

Recent research suggests that country-years where presidents won their previous election with an absolute majority are more likely to be associated with high government respect for human rights, in comparison to country-years where presidents won their previous election by a mere plurality. With this follow-up article, I replicate these findings with a greatly expanded dataset, and I explore whether country-years where presidents have been elected using a majoritarian system are more likely to be associated with high government respect for human rights, in comparison to country-years where presidents have been elected using a non-majoritarian system. Ultimately, I find that not only are presidents elected with a plurality associated with comparatively lower levels of human rights respect, but so are presidents elected via a non-majoritarian system. These findings suggest that policymakers seeking to improve human rights practices may want to consider directing their efforts towards promoting electoral reform with an emphasis on mandating a minimum of a majority in order to win an election.
Unfolding a vision embedded in a garment: Three tools from a toolbox for generating performance from costume design
Authors: Lindgren Christina
Published: January 2022

Reflection and discussion on ‘how’ costume performs seems to be at the centre of inquiry of the research within the field of costume design, as presented at the Critical Costume conferences and the journal Studies in Costume and Performance. In various ways, costumes play an important role in most performances, a costume ‘does’ things, it performs and has agency. In recent years, we have experienced an increasing number of performances where costume acts as the starting element for a performance and, more often, we hear of costume designers instigating and leading creative processes in making performances. Costume-generated performances are about to be considered an established genre. This research report aims to share some ‘tools’ that form a methodological framework – a toolbox – for generating performance with costume design as a starting point. The examples are drawn from my professional practice, informed by work undertaken in workshops held in the frame of the artistic research project ‘Costume Agency’ (2018–21), which I have been leading in collaboration with dramaturg and curator Sodja Lotker. I have found useful concepts in new materialism, as a critical framework that has opened up a new understanding of how humans and non-human actors interact and have adapted them for my use as a costume designer, director and researcher. The tools I focus on here are the following three: notions of ‘agency’ in the context of costume design; the concept of ‘situated knowledges’; and ‘visual dramaturgy' from the performing arts theory. These tools have proven to be useful in the processes of generating performance from the costume in my own practice and are offered in this research report to the wider community of costume researchers for further debate and development.
Rebirthing a Nation
Authors: Anderson Wendy K. Z.
Published: January 2022

Rebirthing a Nation unmasks how white nationalist women refine racism through colorblind values, ideologies, and classifications to validate, promote, and sustain a white identity politic.
Analyzing web rhetorics of white nationalist, alt-right, and conservative white women, Wendy K. Z. Anderson reveals how white women sustain institutional white supremacy through coded language and digital design. The close textual analysis of GUI texts and instruction sets, organization of digital infrastructures, and easter eggs hidden within digital code offer critical, procedural, and infrastructural insight as to how white women facilitate whiteness. Contributing to conversations about agency and privilege, Anderson clarifies how gendered rhetoric and infrastructure is used to protect and preserve the centrality of whiteness.
Rebirthing a Nationenriches discussion about institutional and infrastructural racism by engaging how white women perpetuate racism. Anderson argues that once we understand how white privilege functions through white women’s voices, we can better advocate for strategies that resist problematic agencies and white privilege.
Slave Revolt on Screen
Authors: Sepinwall Alyssa Goldstein
Published: January 2022

This book analyzes how films and video games from around the world have depicted slave revolt, focusing on the Haitian Revolution (1791–1804). This event, the first successful revolution by enslaved people in modern history, sent shockwaves throughout the Atlantic world. However, despite its historical significance, this revolution is less well-known—and appears less often on screen—than most other revolutions; its story, involving enslaved Africans liberating themselves through violence, does not match the suffering-slaves-waiting-for-a-white-hero genre that pervades Hollywood treatments of Black History. 
Despite Hollywood’s near-silence on this event, some films on the Revolution do exist—from directors in Haiti, the U.S., France, and elsewhere. Slave Revolt on Screen offers the first-ever comprehensive analysis of Haitian Revolution cinema, including completed films and planned projects that were never made. 
In addition to studying cinema, the book breaks ground in examining video games. It scrutinizes video game depictions of Haitian slave revolt that appear in games like the Assassin’s Creed series which have reached millions more individuals than comparable films. In analyzing films and games on the Revolution, this book calls attention to the ways that economic legacies of slavery and colonialism warp pop-culture portrayals of the past and leave audiences with distorted understandings. It also contributes to important conversations about how Hollywood depicts Black History, as well as to research on slavery and memory, Haitian Studies, France, French colonialism, the French Revolution, Film and History, Cinema and Media Studies, Africana Studies, Caribbean literature, American culture studies, Francophone cinema, and Game Studies.
Comparison of Surface Roughness and Microhardness of Reinforced Glass Ionomer Cements and Microhybrid Composite
Authors:   Çukurova University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Adana-Turkey, skarakas@cu.edu.tr, Nur Karakaş Seda , Turgut Hacer ,   Inönü University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Malatya-Turkey, dthacerturgut@gmail.com, Küde Cihan ,   Çukurova University, Department of Endodontics, Adana-Turkey, ckuden@cu.edu.tr.t
Published: January 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare high viscosity glass ionomer cement (HVGIC), giomer and microhybrid composite using the atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Vickers microhardness. Methods: Three different restorative materials Equia Forte (HVGIC), Beautifil II (giomer) and Solare X (microhybrid composite)were used in this study. A total of 30 samples were prepared, 10 of each of the restorative materials used in our study. Samples were prepared using standard cylindrical Teflon molds with a diameter of 8 mm and a height of 2 mm. The measurements of surface roughness and hardness were performed by using AFM and Vickers microhardness, respectively. The surface roughness was analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test. One-way variance analysis (ANOVA) and LSD test was used for the surface hardness (α = 0.05). Results: There was no significant difference between the groups according to surface roughness values (p> 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between all groups in terms of surface hardness. Conclusion: Reinforced glass ionomer cements had similar and surface properties than composite resin.
The Relationship of Facial Measurements with the Mesiodistal Width of the Maxillary Anterior TeethWidth of the Maxillary Anterior Teeth
Authors:   Center of Restorative Dentistry Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Ilyana Aifa Aziz Nur , Che Mohd Nadia ,   Center of Restorative Dentistry Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Hazwani Baharuddin Izyan ,   Center of Population Oral Health and Clinical Prevention Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Rajali Aiemeeza ,   Center of Restorative Dentistry Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Wah Lim Tong ,   Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, tongwah@hku.hk
Published: January 2022

The relationship between facial measurements and the size of the maxillary anterior teeth in the Malaysian population is still a point of contention. Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish a relationship between facial measurements and the mesiodistal width of the maxillary anterior teeth (MDW), which could be used to guide the selection of anterior teeth for complete denture construction. Methods: The facial and dental measurements were obtained directly from 170 Malay adults aged between 19 to 35 who had morphologically normal permanent maxillary anterior teeth from canine to canine. The facial dimensions measured were interpupillary distance (IPD), intercanthal distance (ICD) and interalar distance (IAD). The facial dimensions were measured using a digital vernier calliper while the mesiodistal width of the maxillary anterior teeth was measured with a flexible ruler. The three facial dimensions were correlated with MDW for both genders. Results: The IPD and IAD were significantly (p>0.001) larger in males (IPD: 68.30±4.24mm; IAD: 39.60±2.54mm) than in females (IPD: 65.93±3.91mm; IAD: 36.96±2.29). There was no significant correlation between any of the facial dimensions and MDW in males or females. Conclusion: For the studied population, the interpupillary, intercanthal, and interalar distances may not be used as reliable guides when determining the size of maxillary anterior teeth in complete denture construction
Wzory do naśladowania w budowaniu kultury rzetelności naukowej. Komunikat z badań w projekcie Path2Integrity
Authors: Dwojak-Matras Agnieszka , Kalinowska Katarzyna , Koterwas Agnieszka
Published: January 2022

The subject of the text is the use of role models in building an academic culture of research integrity. We present some possible ways of involving them in teaching and promoting research integrity at universities. The acquired empirical results concern the qualities of a scientist worthy of emulation indicated by undergraduates, postgraduates and PhD students. The qualitative analysis of the collected data enabled us to describe two profiles of a good scientist: an accessible one, who sets an example to his/her mentees in a direct relationship, and a distant one, admired because of his/her work ethos and outstanding achievements. The research was conducted as an online survey in 2020 as part of the project
Reflexiones teórico-metodológicas para el abordaje de las personas adultas mayores en situación de vulnerabilidad: de la educación social a la pedagogía social, un estudio en la provincia de Alajuela, Costa Rica
Authors: Badilla Zamora Isabel , Jiménez Corrales Rafael Esteban , León Arce Heidy , Ramírez García Anthia , Segura Esquivel Sylvia , Solís Sánchez Gabriela
Published: January 2022

This article systematizes theoretical and methodological considerations to care to vulnerable elders. It also systematizes the experiential process in jointly building a network of older adults in Santa Rita de Alajuela, as part of the 2013-2018 Social Pedagogy project being implemented by Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica (UNA) at Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Educación (CIDE) [Center for Education Teaching and Research] of UNA’s Division of Basic Education (DEB). The methodology is based on the naturalistic paradigm and holds that participating adults and older adults are both builders of previous stages and social actors at current stages in their lives. This field is addressed by social pedagogy through participatory action research. A conclusion reached by the research team in the project is that the elderly population in this type of community requires not only care and healthcare but also leisure and recreational spaces as tools to improve health thoroughly. This will result, in turn, in enjoyment, well-being, and quality of life and will be reflected in the emotional and physical health of the elderly.
Pablo Macera: El oráculo que yo conocí
Authors: Morales Chocano Daniel
Published: January 2022

Conocí y estuve vinculado al Dr. Pablo Macera desde que era estudiante de arqueología, y continúe trabajando con el como investigador en el Seminario de Historia Rural Andina del Colegio Real por un periodo largo, donde realizamos muchos trabajos importantes como el proyecto de Pacopampa, que se gestó por su iniciativa, y finalmente el proyecto de la Amazonia, al que me dedico hasta el presente.
Extracardiac findings on cardiac computed tomography in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation catheter ablation
Authors: Simon Judit , Herczeg Szilvia , Borzsák Sarolta , Csőre Judit , Kardos Anna Sára , Mérges Gergely , Zsarnóczay Emese , Szegedi Nándor , Boussoussou Melinda , Vattay Borbála , Kolossváry Márton , Szilveszter Bálint , Gellér László , Merkely Béla , Maurovich-Horvat Pál
Published: January 2022

Background and aim

To assess the prevalence of incidental extracardiac findings in patients who underwent cardiac CT for the evaluation of left atrial (LA) anatomy before atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation. We also aimed to determine the independent predictors of relevant extracardiac alterations.

Patients and methods

We studied consecutive patients who underwent cardiac CT with a 256-slice scanner for the visualization of LA anatomy before AF ablation. Prevalence of clinically significant and not significant extracardiac findings were recorded. Moreover, we determined the variables associated with relevant extracardiac alterations with uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Results

In total, 1,952 consecutive patients who underwent cardiac CT examination between 2010 and 2020 were included in our study (mean age 61.2 ± 10.6 years; 66.2% male). Incidental extracardiac findings were detected in 820 (42.0%; 95%CI = 0.40–0.44%) patients, while clinically significant alterations were reported in 416 (21.3%; 95%CI = 20.0–23.2%) patients. When analyzing the predictors of clinically relevant alterations, age (OR = 1.04; 95%CI = 1.03–1.05), male sex (OR = 1.39; 95%CI = 1.12–1.73), chest pain (OR = 1.46; 95%CI = 1.09–1.93), hypertension (OR = 1.42; 95%CI = 1.12–1.81), heart failure (OR = 1.68; 95%CI = 1.09–2.53), obstructive CAD (OR = 1.56; 95%CI = 1.16–2.09) and prior stroke/TIA (OR = 1.56; 95%CI = 1.04–2.30) showed association with clinically significant incidental findings in the univariate analysis (all P < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, age (OR = 1.04; 95%CI = 1.02–1.06; P < 0.001) proved to be the only significant predictor of clinically relevant extracardiac finding.

Conclusion

Cardiac CT performed before AF ablation is not only helpful in understanding LA anatomy, but might also identify clinically significant pathologies. These incidental findings might have further diagnostic or therapeutic consequences.
On the Problem of the Unity of "Affect" and "Intellect" in Activity Psychology (In the Continuation of the Discussion)
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sokolova Elena E. ,   Belgorod State National Research University
Published: January 2022

This text is a response to the article written by A.D. Maidansky (Siberian Journal of Psychology. 2020. 76) [2] and aims to update the discussion of controversial aspects of cultural and activity psychology, especially some of the provisions of the activity theory by A.N. Leontiev and his scientific school, which, in contrast to the creative heritage of L.S. Vygotsky, are now rarely considered in both foreign and domestic literature. The article analyses the solution of the problem of correlation between "affect" (motivational and emotional component of mental life) and "intellect" (cognitive processes) in this scientific school. It is shown that the definition of the mind as an orienting activity (A.N. Leontiev, P.Ya. Galperin, etc.) does not imply the reduction of mental processes to cognitive ones, since any orienting process is always affectively loaded. Sensations are not separated from affects already in the primary forms of sensitivity that arise in phylogeny. However, even at later stages of mental development, a similar unity is maintained, although the mental life (including emotional states) becomes more differentiated. It is shown that this unity of the subject's knowledge of the object and the subject's attitude to this object is best represented in A.N. Leontiev's scientific school in the definition of mental phenomena through the category of sense. Since affect (emotion in the broad sense of the word) is a subjective form of motivation, the problem of "mastering affects" is transformed in the school of A.N. Leontiev into the problem of awareness (comprehension) of the motives of a person's activity and possible restructuring of the hierarchy of motives, which is best represented in the situation of an act. The act as a responsible and free action of a personality is performed by choosing one of the meaningful motives, which acquires a new sense (and thus an additional motivating force) due to the inclusion of this motive in a higher system of values, in the limit - in universal values. And since, according to Leontiev's scientific school, in the activity of any person the "motivational-emotional" ("affect") and cognitive ("intellect") components are inseparable, they are usually proportional to each other: the higher forms of emotional regulation, overcoming the lower ones, correspond with the higher forms of knowledge of the world as a whole. The author sees a clear parallel of these ideas with B. Spinoza's arguments about "Amor Dei intellectualis". Thus, the formula of B. Spinoza - L. S. Vygotsky about free will as a reasonable mastery of affects discussed in the article by A. D. Maidansky is clarified and filled with concrete psychological content.
Betriebsparallele Simulationsanwendungen
Authors: Kain Sebastian , Frank Timo , Merz Martin , Schiller Frank
Published: January 2022

Anlagen mit ihren Maschinen stellen hochkomplexe Systeme dar. Steigender Wettbewerb und maßgeschneiderte Fertigung nach Kundenwunsch selbst bei geringen Stückzahlen erfordern die effiziente Nutzung der vorhandenen Ressourcen, um Wirtschaftlichkeit zu erreichen. Mit Simulationsverfahren kann das Anlagenverhalten analysiert und auf Gütekriterien und Optimierungspotenzial im Betrieb untersucht werden. Vorgestellt wird eine Klassifikation betriebsparalleler Simulationsverfahren, die die systematische Analyse des Anlagenverhaltens erlauben und die Auswahl einer dazu passenden betriebs- und anlagenspezifischen Simulationsanwendung ermöglicht.
Agentenbasierte Steuerung der Mensch-Roboter-Interaktion
Authors: Jungbluth Jan , Gerke Wolfgang , Plapper Peter
Published: January 2022

Die manuelle Demontage schmälert die Wirtschaftlichkeit von Refabrikationsprozessen maßgebend und stellt in der Arbeitsplatzergonomie einen Problemprozess dar. Versuche, die zerstörungsfreie Demontage zu automatisieren, scheiterten an der Varianz der Produktgestalt oder am Produktzustand. Zur Lösung dieses Problems wird im Beitrag der Einsatz eines Softwareagenten beschrieben. Die Software steuert das Verhalten eines Roboters, um dem Menschen bei der Demontage zu assistieren. Zur Information des Agenten dienen generische Informationsmodelle die zur Prozessplanung und -steuerung verwendet werden. Die grobe Prozessplanung erfolgt mit Hilfe gerichteter Graphen und zerlegt den Gesamtprozess in eine Abfolge von Teilprozessen. In der detaillierten Prozessplanung werden die Aktionen und deren zeitliche Abfolge im Teilprozess durch eine Suche ermittelt und dann zur Steuerung des Roboters verwendet. Dies ermöglicht es dem System, in einer komplexen Umgebung zielgerichtet Assistenz zu leisten und die hierfür notwendigen eigenen Handlungen autonom zu bestimmen. Ziel des Assistenzsystems ist es, die Ergonomie der Demontagearbeitsplätze durch die Unterstützung von Handlungen zu verbessern.
Practical Challenges of Virtual Assitants in Industrial Setups
Authors: Marco Gärtler , Schmidt Benedikt
Published: January 2022

Virtuelle Assistenzsysteme versprechen einen allgegenwärtigen und unkomplizierten Zugriff auf Informationen und Anwendungen. Die Grundlage der absichtsorientierten Abfrage und die Unterstützung von natürlicher Sprache machen sie zu einem idealen Werkzeug. Wir untersuchen die Herausforderungen beim Aufbau eines virtuellen Assistenten. In einer qualitativen Studie werden zwei Hindernisse aufgedeckt: Benutzerakzeptanz und Detailierungsgrad. Trotz gegebener technischer Machbarkeit erfordert die Umsetzung erhebliche Anstrengungen und ein gutes Verständnis der Zielgruppe.
Ethernet-APL für die Prozessautomation
Authors: Kessler Michael , Rogoll Gunther , Graber Steffen
Published: January 2022

Ethernet-APL bringt Ethernet in das Feld der Prozessindustrie. Die neue Technologie ermöglicht eine anlagenweite, durchgängige Infrastruktur zur Datenübertragung. Sie erschließt Feldgeräte in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen für die einfache Anwendung von Industrie 4.0. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Ethernet-APL Spezifikation und einen detaillierten Einblick in Technik hinter APL, mit der es möglich wird Ethernet unter den besonderen Bedingungen in der Prozessindustrie einzusetzen. Außerdem wird gezeigt, wie bestehende Feldbusinstallation zu Ethernet-APL migriert werden können.