bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dana Swann
Authors: Swann Dana
Published: September 2024

My vision of this project is one of hope, inspiration, and storytelling. I want to share my story of life after love and death. Sometimes we feel that our life is over when we lose a spouse and I want to share that in many ways my life has just begun. I have done and am doing things that I never imagined or thought I had the strength to do but I am able to do so because I am living my life as my husband would have wanted - with faith and courage. Let’s talk about adventures: tandem jump at Florida Homestead Air Force Base with the Golden Knights; swimming with the dolphins; dog sledding in Minnesota; paddle board yoga on the Twin lake in Minnesota; traveled to Alaska to see the Iditorad race; snow ski lessons in Alaska; and rowing on the St. Charles River in Boston. I stepped out of my comfort zones many times and I have never looked back. These adventures were because of an organization called TAPS (Tragedy Assistance Program for Survivors). We are our loved ones survivors and legacy holders so we must continue to live our best lives. My biggest and proudest achievement has been going back to school to get my degree! Jim believed in education (he held a Bachelors and Masters from the University of Texas at Austin) and I know that he is smiling down on me every step I take on this journey. The VA is paying for my school and not only will I graduate with two degrees - I will graduate almost debt free. Something that would not have been possible for me if not for Jim’s service to his country. I am BEYOND GRATEFUL. My message is of hope, love, and resilience and my message is of everlasting love! I have pictures to share of our wedding day, of Jim proudly standing with his plane that he flew in the Air/Force, and of the different events that I have participated in.
The Important Role of Shipboard Maritime Correspondents for Officers
Authors: Sibali Alwi , Kurniawaty  , Ansar
Published: September 2024

This paper examines the significant role of shipboard maritime correspondents in assisting officers with the communication and documentation processes essential to vessel operations. Maritime correspondents serve as key intermediaries, ensuring effective communication between ship officers, crew, shipping companies, port authorities, and regulatory bodies. Their duties go beyond routine administrative work; they manage critical documentation, including voyage reports, cargo manifests, and compliance records, while also maintaining efficient communication channels for safety and operational needs. The increasing complexity of global maritime operations, coupled with the rise of digital communication systems, has further highlighted the importance of this role. Shipboard maritime correspondents ensure that officers can concentrate on core responsibilities such as navigation, safety management, and ship handling without being overwhelmed by correspondence duties. This study underscores the essential skills required for the role, including knowledge of maritime law, technical terminology, and proficiency in modern communication tools. It also explores how correspondents contribute to reducing miscommunication risks and improving the overall operational efficiency and safety of maritime activities. By recognizing the value of these professionals, the maritime industry can better appreciate their impact on the seamless functioning of global shipping.
Program Tangerang Cakap Kerja Sebagai Implementasi Dinamika Permasalahan Ketenagakerjaan Dan Pengangguran di Kota Tangerang
Authors: Yuningsih Sri , Khikmawanto Khikmawanto
Published: September 2024

Pelayanan publik adalah segala kegiatan atau rangkaian kegiatan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan  pelayanan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan bagi setiap warga negara dan penduduk atas barang, jasa, dan/atau pelayanan administratif yang disediakan oleh penyelenggara pelayanan publik dengan menempatkan kepuasan masyarakat sebagai stakeholder utama. Pelayanan publik merupakan keterkaitan langsung antara pemerintah sebagai penyelenggara layanan dan masyarakat sebagai penerima layanan. Dalam upaya untuk memajukan sektor pelayanan publik, diperlukan inisiatif yang kreatif dan inovatif. Pemerintah harus memiliki kecepatan dan fleksibilitas untuk mengimplementasikan perubahan dan kemajuan dalam pelayanan publik. Oleh karena  itu, inovasi dalam pelayanan publik menjadi sangat penting untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut. Program Tangerang Cakap Kerja merupakan inovasi terbaru yang diperkenalkan oleh Pemerintah Kota Tangerang untuk mengatasi masalah pengangguran di wilayah tersebut. Program ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dan daya saing tenaga kerja lokal melalui berbagai pelatihan dan penempatan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeval_uasi efektivitas dan dampak dari program tersebut terhadap tingkat pengangguran di kota Tangerang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Inovasi Pada Program Tangerang Cakap Kerja Dalam Mengatasi Pengangguran Di Kota Tangerang yang dilihat dari tipologi inovasi pelayanan lembaga publik berdasarkan teori Chen dkk (2019). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Dinas Ketenagakerjaan Kota Tangerang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan Inovasi yang dilakukan Oleh Dinas Ketenagakerjaan  Kota Tangerang terlihat dari ke enam tipologi inovasi sudah menunjukan hasil yang baik, namun dalam hal penyampaian atau pengenalan Program Tangerang Cakap Kerja masih belum optimal dikarenakan masih terdapat banyak masyarakat yang belum mengetahui program tangerang cakap kerja
Jurnal Pendidikan Politik Bagi Pemilih Pemula
Authors: Wulandari Tri Ayu , Nabila Aliya , Khikmawanto Khikmawanto
Published: September 2024

Pendidikan politik bagi pemilih pemula merupakan aspek penting dari proses demokratisasi. Artikel ini membahas pentingnya pendidikan politik bagi pemilih pemula melalui pendekatan tinjauan pustaka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis literatur yang ada tentang pendidikan politik dan memahami bagaimana hal itu dapat memengaruhi partisipasi pemilih pemula dalam proses politik. Artikel ini menyajikan tinjauan pustaka, metodologi, hasil, dan pembahasan yang komprehensif terkait pendidikan politik bagi pemilih pemula
Trauma, Cirurgia e Medicina Intensiva: Teoria e Prática - Edição I
Authors: Barroso L. De Freitas Guilherme , da Silva Roberta
Published: September 2024

A medicina intensiva e a cirurgia de trauma são áreas de prática médica que desafiam continuamente as fronteiras do conhecimento e da inovação. O livro Trauma, Cirurgia e Medicina Intensiva, produzido pela Editora Pasteur, surge como uma contribuiç
Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia - Edição IX
Authors: Barroso L. de Freitas Guilherme , Castro de Almeida Camilla
Published: September 2024

O livro Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia visa estudar diagnóstico e tratamento clínico das doenças do aparelho digestivo e hepático, assim como as peculiaridades desses órgãos. Eles são fundamentais nas etapas digestivas, metabolismo e absorção de
Adio Chiustenge musical by the dobrogean composer Dumitru Lupu and librettist Carmen Aldea Vlad: subject and dramaturgy
Authors: Postolache Inga
Published: September 2024

The article focuses on a significant aspect of Romania’s musical-theatrical history, namely the musical „Adio Chiustenge!” , composed in 2016 by Dumitru Lupu, a composer from Dobrogea, in close collaboration with poet Carmen Aldea-Vlad, the author of the libretto. Dumitru Lupu was a complex personality: composer, conductor and pedagogue. Music his enjoyed great popularity until present, characterized by a melodiousness and special expressiveness, which shaped him a complex musical profile, of a melodist. In this article, we examine D. Lupu’s creative evolution within the context of Romania’s non-academic musical culture. Additionally, we analyze the aspects of the evolution, composition, and dramaturgy of this musical, which holds an important place in the country’s musical-theatrical history.
The Revolution of 1848 in the cities of the Outer Curvature of the Carpathians
Authors: Gheorghe Viorel
Published: September 2024

The revolution of 1848 allowed the clarification of the national program, which essentially provided for the union of the principalities, the modernization of society and the economy, the affirmation on the international political scene. In the cities of Buzău and Focșanii Munteni, the revolution took place with energy, driven by personalities such as Scarlat Turnavitu, Captain Nicolae Șonțu, Scarlat Voinescu. They tried to apply the provisions of the Proclamation of Islaz and the decisions of the revolutionary government. If in Moldova, the revolution was prepared in a hurry and could not mobilize the masses wide of the population, in Wallachia the situation it was different. They tried to apply the provisions of the Proclamation of Islaz and the decisions of the revolutionary government. Through the programs his, the revolution deepened the idea of national unity. On the European level, it led to the emergence of a current of opinion favorable to the Principalities, visible once with the signing of the Paris Peace Treaty of March 1859 and the Paris Convention of 1858. The two counties of Wallachia from the Outer Curvature of the Carpathians, Buzau and Slam-Râmnic had important contributions to the unfolding of the revolution and the propagation of ideas it in the great mass of the inhabitants.
The situation of education for ethnic minorities in Bessarabia between 1917–1923
Authors: Miron Marina
Published: September 2024

The Tsarist policy in the field of education in Bessarabia was selective, aiming to restrict the establishment of schools with Romanian as the language of instruction and increase those with Russian as the language of instruction. In its policy of encouraging the colonization of Bessarabia, the Tsarist authorities nevertheless took measures to support education for certain minority ethnic groups, also adopting a different approach towards these groups. For minorities such as Germans or Jews, the creation of schools with instruction in their native language was permitted, whereas for Bulgarians, the schools were initially with Russian as the language of instruction. With the proclamation of the Moldavian Democratic Republic on December 2, 1917, the issue of nationalizing schools in Bessarabia was raised, as well as creating conditions for instruction in the schools of ethnic minority communities in their respective languages. Ultimately, the process of school nationalization in Bessarabia was carried out and completed within the Kingdom of Romania, where de facto and de jure conditions were created to ensure the educational process in the minority language for localities populated by ethnic minorities such as Germans, Jews, Ukrainians, Russians, and Bulgarians. Despite the prejudices that during the Kingdom of Romania, education in Bessarabia took place only in Romanian, the legislative documents relevant to the field of education in the interwar period confirm that the rights of ethnic minorities to study in their native languages were ensured.
Predictive modeling for industrial productivity: Evaluating linear regression and decision tree regressor approaches
Authors: Azure Isaac
Published: September 2024

This research discusses the importance of predictive modeling in optimizing efficiency in various sectors, particularly in industrial settings. It compares the effectiveness of linear regression and decision tree regression models in predicting productivity. The study aims to provide insights into the strengths and limitations of each technique, assisting decision-makers in selecting the best model for their needs. It begins by explaining the theoretical foundations of both models and conducts a literature review to highlight their practical implementations. The methodology involves data collection, preprocessing, model training, evaluation, and comparison using real-world datasets. Performance metrics such as Mean Squared Error (MSE) are used for evaluation. The comparative analysis reveals that the linear regression model consistently outperforms the decision tree regressor model in terms of lower MSE values across all datasets. Overall, the study offers empirical evidence and practical insights into the predictive capabilities of both models, with potential implications for strategic decision-making in various industries.
The HOT Proposal and Primary EU Law – An Examination and Suggestions to Address Possible Validity Concerns
Authors: Scherleitner M. , Mäki N.
Published: September 2024

As part of the September 2023 package, the European Commission published a proposal for a council directive establishing a Head Office Tax system for micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (HOT-proposal). Under these rules, eligible companies would be able to file the corporate tax return for their EU permanent establishments pursuant to the tax base rules of the head office state, while applying the tax rate of the source state. This is a significant simplification. Problematically, though, the current proposal includes some poorly founded and inconsistent exclusions of companies from being able to benefit from this genuine advantage. This matters, because it can impose a substantial disadvantage on certain taxpayers, without there being a compelling reason for doing so. Alerted by these considerations, the article conducts an analysis of the proposal under primary EU law and outlines ways to overcome the identified tensions. While being focused on a concrete issue, the article casts ahead a more conceptual problem that deserves more attention in literature. How easily can the European Court of Justice take the defence of taxpayers´ economic rights in the course of (factually irreversible) secondary EU direct tax law?
Positioning Students as Thinkers and Doers of Mathematics
Authors: Gallagher Danielle Moloney , A. Walkowiak Temple , Wilson Jonee
Published: September 2024

Positioning students as competent goes beyond saying “good job.” Elevate the practice of positioning.
Combining Pedagogies to Teach Problem Solving
Authors: Kue Diane
Published: September 2024

Ear to the Ground features voices from several corners of the mathematics education world.
The creative performance of the AI agents ChatGPT and Google Magenta compared to human-based solutions in a standardized melody continuation task
Authors: Schreiber Anton , Sander Kilian , Kopiez Reinhard , Thöne Raphael
Published: September 2024

Many generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been developed over the last decade. Some systems are more of a generic character, and some are specialized in music composition. However, whether these AI systems are serious competitors for human composers remains unclear. Despite increased public interest, there is currently little empirical foundation for a conceivably equivalent performance for creative AI when compared to human experts in a controlled task. Thus, we conducted an online experiment to evaluate the subjectively perceived quality of AI compositions with human-made products (by music students) in a standardized task. Based on a melody continuation paradigm, creative products using AI were generated by the AI agents ChatGPT (Version 3.5) and Google Magenta Studio (Version 2.0). The human creative performances were realized by 57 melodic continuations, composed by music students. In the online evaluation study, listeners (N = 71, mainly musicians) rated the aesthetic quality of the outcomes of the various systems. Additionally, the raters’ musical experience level was controlled as well as the length of the given melody completion task (two probe positions). As a main result, the overall quality of the AI compositions was rated significantly lower on all four target items compared to the human-made products (large effect sizes). Musical experience and the length of the melody did not influence the ratings. We conclude that the current capabilities of AI in the domain of musical creativity determined by a standardized composition task are far below human capabilities. However, we assume rapid progress will be made in the domain of generative music-specific AI systems.
Kritik und Reform des Jurastudiums
Authors: Paskowski Christopher , Früchtenicht Sophie , Hanschmann Felix , Fischer-Lescano Andreas
Published: September 2024

Die Rechtswissenschaft steht vor zahlreichen Herausforderungen: Ob dies die Resilienz gegen rechts oder die sozial-ökologische Transformation zur Bekämpfung des Klimawandels beziehungsweise die notgedrungene Anpassung an seine Folgen betrifft. Klar ist, dass die (deutsche) Rechtswissenschaft und damit auch die Rechtswissenschaftler*innen sich in den nächsten Jahren und Jahrzehnten mit zahlreichen neuen Fragestellungen beschäftigen (müssen). Während die Debatten auch hier auf dem Verfassungsblog zeigen, in welcher Diversität sich die Disziplin bereits heute mit einigen dieser Fragestellungen befasst, bleibt doch ein Thema unterbelichtet: ein ganzheitlicher Blick auf die Rolle der juristischen Ausbildung.
Do self-expression values affect global jazz popularity? An analysis of postmaterialism and political activity
Authors: Iyer Ahan , Iyer Rajesh V
Published: September 2024

Jazz music is known for its unique rhythms and spontaneous incorporation of improvisation, historically stemming from a need for self-expression. Jazz is an American art form and is not as popular globally. This study explores whether the spread of jazz around the world may be related to the self-expression values of a particular country. Postmaterialism is an ideology that values self-expression and quality of life over physical and economic stability. Jazz popularity was defined as the percentage of global jazz music that a country produces relative to all other countries. We hypothesized that countries with higher postmaterialist values would have higher jazz popularity and that countries with citizens with higher engagement with politics would also have higher jazz popularity. We conducted regression analyses on the Joint European Values Study and World Values Survey as well as data from the streaming services MusicBrainz and Last.Fm. We conducted analyses to correlate the popularity of jazz in 63 countries with the postmaterialism index and three variables representing political activity, as measured by level of interest in politics, importance of politics in life, and popularity of signing petitions. Overall, the results indicate a strong correlation between high postmaterialist values and jazz popularity in countries around the world. A correlation was also identified between the degree of active political activity and jazz popularity in a country. Jazz artists and fans may find it easier to promote this American art form in countries that exhibit a high degree of postmaterialism and political activity as a result.
Cultura organizacional en las unidades académicas del nivel medio superior de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, García Muñoz J. Arnulfo , Díaz Ponce Madrid ldara Ma. ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Martínez Ruíz Héctor Manuel ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Muñoz Trejo Aline del Sol ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Espinosa González Ana Claudia ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Cisneros Chávez Héctor Vicente ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit
Published: September 2024

Actualmente, la Universidad se encuentra en la búsqueda de la certificación en la norma internacional ISO 9001:2015 ya que es importante para estandarizar los procesos y procedimientos institucionales. Con la presente certificación se logrará tener el registro y control de los documentos que evidencia y dan transparencia de las actividades sustantivas que se realizan dentro de la Institución, permitiendo así responder de forma rápida y precisa a la solicitud de información tanto de misma institución como de los órganos reguladores de gobierno y organizaciones externas.
An Analytical Study of the Administrative Development Efforts of the Education Sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in Light of the Requirements of the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Abdul-Baset Talal , Al-Mahi Mohammed
Published: September 2024

The study investigated into the efforts of administrative development in the education sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in light of the requirements of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, in search of opportunities to enhance it and the challenges facing the Kingdom in meeting the requirements of the Industrial Revolution in the fields of education and administrative development. This was accomplished through bringing the Fourth Industrial Revolution's concept, traits, elements, and difficulties as well as administrative development. Then, the study discussed the theoretical aspect compared to the practical reality of the education sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Last but not least, the research determined and assessed the degree of compatibility and gap with the demands of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in relation to the state of the education sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia at the time The research yielded several results, including: the practical applications in the Ministry of Education confirm the availability of the components of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, which enhance and develop the capabilities of the Kingdom in creating a physical environment and a generation capable of keeping up with the requirements of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The Kingdom takes all measures and procedures to simplify processes, achieve equality, enhance transparency through artificial intelligence technologies, and reduce human intervention in the education sector. It also tends to create changes in qualitative skills by promoting and supporting areas of creativity and innovation in technical and artistic aspects, which supports the success of administrative development programs. Based on the previous results, the study recommends enhancing cloud computing services in the education sector through the development of community partnership programs with private sector institutions, increasing awareness programs and targeted messages to students and the community, and conducting workshops to raise awareness and national consciousness about the importance and mechanisms of data protection, while addressing the difficulties that hinder the effective implementation of artificial intelligence technologies, such as network weaknesses. Additionally, formulating a strategic vision to improve administrative work areas and develop human capabilities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by developing smart learning methods that enhance capabilities and develop the required skills.
Blood brain barrier-on-a-chip permeation to model neurological diseases using microfluidic biosensors
Authors: Periketi Praneetha , Kaur Karmanjot , Naseer Vaid Faisal , Sree M Yajna , Madhu Meenakshi , Verma Saloni , Dhingra Karan
Published: September 2024

The need to understand human body functions, monitor disease progression, and advance in drug development have consistently been major driving forces for medical innovations and advancements. Organ-on-a-Chip technology, particularly Blood-brain-barrier (BBB)-on-chip technology, creates an avenue to closely replicate the brain environment and provides real-time monitoring of cells. Located at the interface between the blood and the brain parenchyma, the blood-brain barrier is crucial for protecting the brain due to its semi-permeable nature, and is responsible for regulating the movement of molecules between the blood and the brain. Therefore its integrity and perfect functionality are essential for the unperturbed functioning of the central nervous system. The lack of effective in-vitro models to investigate these diseases due to various technical and economic limitations poses a significant challenge. Moreover, the use of in-vivo models involving other primates and rodents for experimentation further poses a challenge due to physiological variations between humans and other species and has ethical constraints. Our study explores how the BBB-on-chip overcomes a lot of these limitations posed by the other in-vitro and in-vivo models, making it a more efficient and accurate model to investigate the blood-brain barrier. The study further explains the evolution, applications, and future prospects of the BBB on-chip technologies.
Utilizing AI and Machine Learning for Predictive Analysis of Post-Treatment Cancer Recurrence
Authors: Muhammad Umer Qayyum , Muhammad Fahad , Nasrullah Abbasi.
Published: September 2024

In oncology, recurrence after treatment is one of the major challenges, related to patients' survival and quality of life. Conventionally, prediction of cancer relapse has always relied on clinical observation with statistical model support, which almost fails to explain the complex, multifactorial nature of tumor recurrence. This research explores how AI and ML models may increase the accuracy and reliability of recurrence prediction in cancer. Therefore, AI and ML create new opportunities not only for personalized medicine but also for proactive management of patients through analyzing large volumes of data on genetics, clinical manifestations, and treatment. The paper describes the various AI and ML techniques for pattern identification and outcome prediction in cancer patients using supervised and unsupervised learning. Clinical implications provide an opportunity to review how early interventions could happen and the design of treatment planning.
Vida cotidiana y poder en la Catedral de Santiago de Compostela: testimonios gráficos de los siglos XVIII, XIX y primeros años del XX
Authors: Taín Guzmán Miguel
Published: September 2024

La actual catedral de Santiago de Compostela constituye una reliquia basilical románica que el cabildo se empeñó en conservar desde su construcción pese a varios intentos de renovación góticos, barrocos y neoclásicos, aunque eso sí no se perciba desde el exterior por su revestimiento de fachadas, cúpula y torres de los siglos XVII y XVIII. El mantenimiento del viejo edificio permite la pervivencia de las funciones de sus diferentes recintos, transmitidas de generación en generación. Algunas imágenes de los siglos XVIII, XIX y primeros años del XX dan testimonio de ello, reflejando la vida cotidiana en el complejo catedralicio, así como múltiples usos que responden a actos de poder, hábitos, devociones y tradiciones de distinto origen y antigüedad. Particularmente interesantes son las imágenes decimonónicas, las más numerosas, pues reflejan los intentos del cabildo por mantener su antiguo prestigio y esplendor pese a la reducción del número de sus miembros tras el Concordato de 1851 y por su debilitamiento económico al suprimirse el cobro del Voto de Santiago, los diezmos y las oblatas, y a la aplicación de las leyes desamortizadoras. De ahí el interés del estudio del repertorio gráfico reunido en estas páginas para la historiografía del arte. Documenta ámbitos hoy desaparecidos o muy transformados con el paso de los siglos, así como su utilización tanto por el arzobispo, los canónigos y el personal auxiliar, como por los feligreses. Ambos aspectos conforman la identidad histórica de la catedral.
Mediation as an Institution of Modern Russian Society
Authors: Minkina Natalia
Published: September 2024

Mediation is a relatively young social and legal institution, the initial formation of which on the basis of the norms of a special federal law predetermined the vector of development in the presence of such problems and difficulties in implementation as the low demand for a new conciliation procedure, its uneven distribution across the regions of the country, ignorance about it and (or) distrust of it from the population, legislative shortcomings in its legal regulation. The purpose of the study is to conduct a theoretical and legal analysis of the institute of mediation in Russian society on the main legal and social issues affecting its modern development. The study of problems is mainly based on methods of analysis, synthesis and deduction, systemic and dialectical methods of cognition. The choice of scientific research methods is due to the study of mediation in the context of socio-legal reality. Conclusions. The institute of mediation is interdisciplinary, complex and multidimensional in its content; it has its own history of emergence and development trends. Mediation plays a significant role in the development of civil society and the rule of law, has valuable social potential, which is still being used insufficiently. Currently, work is underway to improve the legislation on the mediation procedure, however, the proposed novelties (in particular, the draft law “On dispute settlement with the participation of a mediator (mediation) in the Russian Federation”, prepared by the Ministry of Justice of Russia in 2019) cause reasonable criticism and need to be finalized. There is a need to keep statistical records on mediation practices, expand the scope of mediation, and introduce its study through special disciplines in the educational process, along with continuing work on the formation of appropriate legal culture and legal awareness of Russians.
Trends in the Development of Agriculturial Legislation
Authors: Minina Elena
Published: September 2024

In recent years, a number of federal laws have been adopted regulating certain areas of activity in the field of agricultural production. Some of them regulate relations traditionally included in the sphere of agrarian legislation, while others are devoted to solving new intersectoral issues related to food production and ensuring its quality. In agricultural and legal science, due attention is not paid to the analysis of the ongoing processes of legislative regulation of activities in the field of crop production, animal husbandry and other branches of the agro-industrial complex, despite the fact that there is a need to update approaches to building a system of legislation on agriculture and outline prospects for its further development. The purpose of the article is to identify development trends and predict directions for improving this area of legislation based on the analysis of regulatory regulation in the field of agricultural production. Research methods: dialectical, comparative legal, historical, formal legal, as well as methods of systematic and teleological interpretation of legal norms. Conclusion: legislation on agricultural sectors can be divided into three areas related to: 1) with the protection of farm animals and plants from diseases and pests, 2) the organization of replication of breeding achievements, 3) activities in the field of sub-sectors of crop production and animal husbandry. The regularity of the regulation of public relations that were previously out of sight of the legislator, as well as the tendency to go beyond purely agrarian relations, is revealed. The negative trends of overstating the level of legal regulation, unjustified replacement of existing legislative acts require the improvement of certain elements of the legislative process, the development of scientific approaches to the formation of the system of agrarian legislation.
Modern Comparative Law: Traditions, Innovations, Prospects (Review of the XIII International Congress of Comparative Law)
Authors: Belialova Asiia
Published: September 2024

On December 6, 2023, the XIII International Congress of Comparative Law “Modern Comparative Law: Traditions, Innovations, Prospects” was held at the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation. The dominant theme of the Congress was the Russian tradition of comparative law, the Institute’s contribution to the development of comparative law, current methodological problems, and the impact of digitalization on the subject and content of ongoing research. The Congress was attended by a record number of participants in recent years — more than 700 people. During the plenary session and the round tables, the participants discussed issues of comparative methodology in historical and legal studies, comparative jurisprudence in the system of comparative legal studies, constitutional values in the context of comparative jurisprudence, judicial power in the system of modern statehood, the international legal principle of sovereign equality of states, etc.
Whistle-Blowing and Freedom of Expression
Authors: Zagrebelsky Vladimiro
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the delicate problem of disclosing information on illegal or fraudulent activities of private or state organizations, officials, as well as on their violation of moral principles. Such information is synonymous with “whistleblowing” and often carries risks for informants. A number of European states have taken protective measures against persons reporting such information. However, on a daily level, “informants” are often condemned by public opinion and even become victims of persecution. The author analyzes the legal positions of the European Union (Directive 2019) and the practice of the European Court of Human Rights on the problems of whistleblowing. The general position is that whistleblowing, if justified, objectively strengthens accountability and the fight against corruption. A broader definition of freedom of expression is given, which applies not only to journalists who expose corruption and violations of moral principles, but also to all those who publicly express their opinions, guided by the public interest. The state has a positive obligation to protect the right to freedom of expression. The protection of freedom of expression in the workplace is considered separately when it comes to the disclosure of confidential information. The ECtHR has repeatedly noted that mutual trust and good faith, which should prevail in the context of an employment contract, do not imply an absolute duty of loyalty to the employer and the latter’s discretion to restrict the freedom of expression of employees. At the same time, the positions of the Court on the issues of officials’ obligations to keep state secrets when freedom of expression is objectively limited are given. It is concluded that the definition of general rules for the protection of the right to freedom of expression presupposes the flexibility necessary to adapt to a variety of specific situations.
Experience in Legal Regulation of Forest Management in Russia and in Foreign Countries (Using the Example of East African Countries)
Authors: Shupletsova Julia
Published: September 2024

The article deals with issues related to the legal regulation of forest management in Russia and East Africa. The purpose of the study is a legal analysis of recent changes in the forest and environmental legislation of the studied countries, as well as the views of Russian and foreign scientists on the problems of the influence of legislative innovations on the state of the forest fund. In the course of writing the article, the main methods of scientific investigation were used: comparative legal, comparative historical, methods of description and interpretation, theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic, as well as special scientific methods: legal-dogmatic and the method of interpreting of legal norms. The authors reviewed the existing legal norms and statistical data, on the basis of which conclusions were drawn regarding the most optimal elimination of existing gaps and contradictions. At the same time, the purpose of writing this article is not to study the environmental forestry legislation of African states, but to study the impact of legislative changes that have occurred in the countries under study on the state and use of forests. As a result of the analysis, the authors show, using specific examples, the process of forming an array of legislation on the use and protection of forests in Russia and the countries of East Africa.
Water Legal Protection During Offshore Oil Production in Polar Conditions (Experience of Norway and Russia)
Authors: Papkov Sergey
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the legal experience of Norway in the field of water protection during offshore oil extraction and analysis of the Russian environmental legislation. Russia has significant hydrocarbon reserves on the Arctic continental shelf. The strategic planning documents envisage exploration and extraction of Arctic oil and gas resources, investment in transport infrastructure. Currently, it is important to prepare legislation that meets modern challenges, as well as to create a special legal regime for supervision and control of offshore oil production activities in the Arctic. Otherwise, an environmental disaster may occur and a moratorium on offshore oil production in the polar latitudes may be imposed. An integrated approach combining well-developed natural resource legislation and an effective state supervision system has allowed Norway to conduct long-term successful offshore oil production. The problem of protecting Arctic waters during mining is also important in the sense that environmental problems within Russia’s borders are being blamed on our country by its geopolitical opponents. The purpose of the study is to identify positive aspects in the Norwegian legal experience that can be implemented into Russian legislation in order to minimize the risk of emergency situations in the harsh Arctic climatic conditions. The methodological basis of the research is the dialectical method of cognition, general scientific methods of abstraction, analysis and synthesis, comparison and generalization, as well as special legal methods (comparative legal, logical legal, etc.). Conclusion: as a result of the study, it was found that Russian legal regulation of oil field development is not inferior in quality, sophistication, and rigidity of the requirements to Norwegian oil legislation, and the main problem is the lack of special legal regulation of state control in polar conditions, which has a direct negative impact on law enforcement.
Paradigms of Comparative Law Development: From Problems of General Methodology to Issues of Private Law
Authors: Sinitsyn Sergey
Published: September 2024

The authors of legal research and drafters of legislation constantly turn to and actively use foreign experience; law schools offer special and basic courses in comparative law. However, legal theory and methodology of law, not to mention industry developments, practically do not address the substantive specifics of comparative law as a branch of knowledge, its methodology, limitations and possibilities of application. This article is dedicated to this scientific issue. In the evolutionary development of law, such phenomena as reception and legal transplantology and implantation are considered, the conditions for the application of comparative law are formulated and justified. Special attention is paid to the challenges and requests addressed to comparative law at the present stage of development of the state and law. The author’s formed picture of the understanding and presentation of comparative law made it possible to present the shortcomings and insufficient elaboration of individual stages of reform of Russian civil legislation with a focus on the experience of “developed legal orders”. The issues discussed in the article are important for practical application and the legislative process, academic training and research work of legal scholars.
Constitutional Status of Central Banks: A Comparative Study
Authors: Mekhtiev Mekhti
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the legal status of a central bank in the context of its exclusive authority to conduct monetary policy. Since the very beginning of their (central banks) creation in 17th century their role is either way to organise money turnover aimed at stabilizing prices or interest rates. To date, most constitutions adopted over the past 30 years have consolidated not only the status of the central bank, but also its main and exclusive mandate — stabilization of the monetary system. This trend leads to its autonomy and independence. However, the evolution of legislation in this area continues to develop rapidly. The main method used to study the legal status of the central bank is comparative legal and historical legal analysis. For this purpose, basic laws of Western states are evaluated as they are the oldest legal mechanisms and turns to be a universal approach. Also, legislations of developing countries are selected to identify alternative vectors of constitutional legislation development, which establish the fundamentals of the monetary system regulation. Finally, the Russian legislation in this field is analysed in connection to constitutional amendments in 2020. In result the study demonstrates the general characteristics that constitutional legislations have, the latest trends in this area and their further development perspectives. It is also revealed that there are internal contradictions within the latest trends in the development of legislation. On the one hand central banks’ powers expand and their independence strengthens. On the other hand they (central banks) must promote national general economic policies.
Phytochemical Screening of 96% Ethanol Extract of Elephant Grass and Indian Goosegrass Herba with Various Chemical Reagents
Authors: Saepudin Syumillah , Dewi Lisna , Herawati Sinta Oktaviani , Kartikawati Endah , Hidayat Taufik Septiyan
Published: September 2024

Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) dan Rumput Belulang (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn) merupakan tanaman dari famili Poaceae. Kedua tanaman tersebut belum banyak diketahui kandungan senyawa metabolit sekundernya. Skrining fitokimia adalah metode kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menelusuri adanya metabolit sekunder yang terkandung pada tanaman sehingga potensinya sebagai tanaman obat bisa digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kandungan golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder dari simplisia dan ekstrak etanol 96% herba rumput gajah dan herba rumput belulang dengan menggunakan berbagai pereaksi kimia. Hasil yang diperoleh dari analisis kandungan golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada herba rumput gajah dan herba rumput belulang terdapat enam golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder diantaranya alkaloid, fenol, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, serta steroid-terpenoid.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Vitamin B6 in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Wastewater Samples
Authors:   College of Environmental, University of Mosul-Iraq, Rahman Ahmad Nief , Naif Rahman Ghfran ,   Student at Medical College, University of Mosul, Mosul-Iraq
Published: September 2024

A simple, accurate and rapid sensitive indirect method for determination of Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride) has been developed. The proposed method is based on formation of a colored complex by the reaction between released SCN ion from Hg (SCN)2 and ferric ions to form red soluble product with maximum absorption at 460 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration range of 2-28µg/ml, with molar absorptivity and Sand ell s sensitivity of 0.729x104 l/mol.cm. and 0.0281µg.cm-2 respectively, relative standard deviation (RSD)is less than1.6 (n=10). The method is applied successfully for determination of Vitamin B6 in some pharmaceutical preparations (injection and tablets) and wastewater samples. The present method is considered to be simple because it does not need either heating or hydrolysis or solvent extraction steps. The ingredients often formulated with Vitamin B6 have been shown not to interfere, and the proposed method is suitable for the routine determination of Vitamin B6.
Overuse of Antibiotics Causes Serious Adverse Effects in the Body: A Literature Review
Authors:   B N University, Department of Pharmacology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India, Chouhan Ashwin Singh
Published: September 2024

Background: Antibiotics are medicines that fight bacterial infections in living and non-living. Antibiotic overuse can cause serious adverse effects in our bodies. Antibiotics increase cases of fatal diarrhea in children. Objective: This review compiles inconsistent data found in the literature regarding overuse of antibiotics in the human body. The study aims to find out how to prevent unnecessary prescribing of antibiotics to patients in daily life. Material and Method: Academic Journals, Ethnobotany, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and library searches were used to assemble all of the information currently accessible on overuse of antibiotics in daily routine life. Conclusion: We were able to conclude that overuse of antibiotics can cause serious adverse effects on our body. There are many reasons why doctors prescribing patients before using antibiotics because antibiotics increase the incidence of fatal diarrhea in children. Our research suggests that where children are given antibiotics for routine upper respiratory infections, they may be infected with Clostridium difficile bacteria are more susceptible to aggressive antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria, antibiotics can irritate the sensitive gut flora or protect the body from good health and kill the bacteria.
Primary Umbilical Endometriosis. A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors:   Department of surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pathology, Jigjiga University Ethiopia, Asrat Sintayehu , Tadesse Nahom , Mohammed Hassen , Mahamed Biniyam
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Endometriosis a disease condition characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity and musculature. It affects up to 7-10% of women in their reproductive age and usually involves pelvic organs. The common symptoms include dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, pelvic pain, dyspareunia and infertility. Umbilical endometriosis is the rarest form of extra pelvic endometriosis. Secondary umbilical endometriosis occurs after abdominal procedures while primary umbilical endometriosis develops without previous procedures and the cause is barely known. Metaplasia of urachal remnant is possible explanation of primary umbilical endometriosis. Case Presentation: A 32years old para two mother presented with umbilical swelling and pain which worsens during menses of 2 months. She had 2 cesarean scar both transverse pfannenstein incision. There was dark blue firm to hard 2x3cm umbilical mass on physical examination. CBC and OFTs results are normal. Ultrasound of the abdomen showed umbilical mass with homogeneous echotexture measuring 2 cm × 3 cm with irregular border and hypoechoic texture. FNAC suggested a diagnosis of umbilical endometriosis. The case was jointly discussed with obstetrics and gynecology side. After decision to excise the mas was made informed written consent was taken and the patient was taken to Operation Theater the mass was excised enblock with surrounding tissue and underlying fascia. The umbilicus was reconstructed. The specimen was sent for biopsy and the result confirmed the diagnosis. Discussion: Primary umbilical endometriosis is a disorder first described by Villar in 1886 and among all cases of extra genital involvement of endometriosis primary umbilical endometriosis accounts for 0.5 t0 1%. The commonest site of extra-genital endometriosis is the pelvic organs which present with pelvic pain. The usual presentation of primary umbilical endometriosis is typically the presence of a discrete bluish-purple mass in the umbilicus which becomes swollen, painful, and bleed concomitantly with the menstrual cycle. Ultrasound and other imaging techniques help in making a diagnosis and the diagnosis is confirmed by cytological examination. The management of umbilical endometriosis is surgical excision and reconstruction of the umbilicus. Conclusion: umbilical endometriosis is an uncommon form of extra pelvic endometriosis. There is a wide differential diagnosis for swellings of the abdominal wall, however, it should be suspected in any female patient of reproductive age with umbilical lesions, which become more painful and swollen during her menstrual period. Appropriate clinical examination and work up are helpful to make a diagnosis and do surgical excision. In addition, attention should be given to ruling out the coexistence of pelvic endometriosis and infertility.