bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
complete uni-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for surgical stabilization of rib fractures: a case report
Authors: Yang Zhen , Wen Ming , Kong Weiqing , Li Xu , Liu Zhuan , Liu Xin
Published: August 2022

Background
Rib fractures are a common injury in trauma. Potential complications include pain, pneumonia, respiratory failure, disability, and death. Surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) has become an available treatment option nowadays, and complete video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) for SSRF is gradually accepted because of minimally invasive and pain relief. To our knowledge, complete uni-port VATS for SSRF has not yet been reported.
Case presentation:
A 53-year-old man accidentally fell off a three-meter high scaffolding while working resulting in severe chest pain and shortness of breath. He was found with left 7th through 11th rib fractures with a pulmonary contusion from computed tomography (CT). A 4 cm incision was made in the 7th intercostal space in the midaxillary line, and complete uni-port VATS for SSRF were operated. The patient's pain was significantly relieved after the operation, and the scar was tiny and unapparent.
Conclusions
Complete uni-port VATS for SSRF is safe and feasible.
Superatomic Icosahedral-C n B 12-n (n = 0, 1, 2) Stuffed Mononuclear and Binuclear Borafullerene and Borospherene Nanoclusters with Spherical Aromaticity
Authors: Zhang Min , Jia Wei-Ping , Zhang Ting , Pei Bin-Bin , Xu Jia , Tian Xinxin , Lu Hai-Gang , Li Si-Dian
Published: August 2022

Boron and boron-based nanoclusters exhibit unique structural and bonding patterns in chemistry. Extensive density functional theory calculations performed in this work predict the mononuclear walnut-like Ci C50B54 (1) (C2B10@C48B44), C1 C50B54 (2) (CB11@C49B43), and S10 C50B54 (3) (B12@C50B42) which contain one icosahedral-CnB12-n core (n = 0, 1, 2) at the center following the Wade’s skeletal electron counting rules and the approximately electron sufficient binuclear peanut-like Cs C88B78 (4) ((C2B10)2@C84B58), Cs C88B78 (5) ((CB11)2@C86B56), Cs C88B78 (6) ((B12)2@C88B54), Cs B180 (7) ((B12)2@B156), Cs B182 (8) ((B12)2@B158), and Cs B184 (9) ((B12)2@B160) which encapsulate two interconnected CnB12-n icosahedrons inside. These novel core-shell borafullerene and borospherene nanoclusters appear to be the most stable species in thermodynamics in the corresponding cluster size ranges reported to date. Detailed bonding analyses indicate that the icosahedral B122-, CB11-, and C2B10 cores in these core-shell structures possess the superatomic electronic configuration of 1S21P61D101F8, rendering spherical aromaticity and extra stability to the systems. Such superatomic icosahedral-CnB12-n stuffed borafullerenes and borospherenes with spherical aromaticity may serve as embryos to form bulk boron allotropes and their carbon-boron binary counterparts in bottom-up approaches.
Machine Learning Classifiers Help to Manage COVID-19 Distribution in China
Authors: Wei Jiaming , Mingxuan Yao , Alsahfi Zakaria , Ye Taiping , Snir Eli , Rahmani Bahareh
Published: August 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It spread very quickly from Hubei to the rest of China within only 30 days [1]. As of February 14, 2020, 78.91% of the total confirmed cases in China were in Hubei province which is in midland China and 60.33% of the total confirmed cases in Hubei were in Wuhan [2]. In this project we use K-Means clustering and regression analysis to classify the cities in China based on location and infection rate. The goal is analyzing the demographic and geographic characteristics of the clusters containing less than 5 members with high infection rate. We found that all the cities in the small groups with high infection rate are from Hubei province. We conclude that based on K-Means clustering and regression analysis, midland China is in trouble.
Reptin regulates tumor cell growth and cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma
Authors: Tian Jiguang , Feng Liping , Liang Ying , Wang Zhiling , Liu Ting
Published: August 2022

Purpose
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor with poor prognosis, characterized by high recurrence and metastasis. Recent studies show that Reptin is overexpressed in several malignant tumors and is required for tumorigenesis. Reptin is thought to be involved in chromatin remodeling and DNA damage repair. However, the biological function and the molecular mechanism of Reptin in osteosarcoma are still not fully understood.
Methods
The expression of Reptin was detected in 59 osteosarcoma and 35 non-neoplastic bone specimens by immunohistochemistry. Kaplan -Meier curves was used to evaluate the prognostic significance of Reptin. Then we knockdown the expression of Reptin in Saos-2 and U2OS cells. MTT, Edu assay, flow cytometry, wound-healing and transwell assays were performed to examine the influences of Reptin expression on cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion. We further conducted co-immunoprecipitation experiments to explore the relationship between Reptin and DNA-PKcs. Finally, we determined the role of Reptin on DNA damage repair and chemosensitivity of cisplatin.
Results
We verified that high expression of Reptin was closely associated with tumor differentiation, Enneking stage and metastasis. Patients with Reptin-positive staining exhibited a significantly decreased overall survival. Additionally, we found that Reptin deleption inhibited the proliferation, invasion of osteosarcoma cells and caused G1 arrest. Furthermore, we discovered that Reptin participate in DNA damage repair through interaction with DNA-PKcs, inhibition of Reptin expression in osteosarcoma cells enhances cisplatin sensitivity by aggravating DNA damage.
Conclusions
In summary, we revealed that Reptin plays a crucial role in tumor growth and may serve as an attractive therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
A preliminary study of real-time imaging for MR guided vascular intervention and image quality assessment
Authors: Liu Kunkun , Dai Weibin , Peng Yueyou , Shi Tianfeng , Liu Tingting , Song Ningning , Jiang Yueluan , Kang Yunhui , Meng Yanfeng
Published: August 2022

Background: Real-time MRI provides radiation-free alternative to X-ray guided interventions, enables superb tissue imaging without administration of contrast agents. In this study, we proposed an 3T MRI system, and evaluated the image quality of real-time sequences for MR compatible guidewire and balloon.Methods: MR guided intervention system were setup with 3T MR scanner and MR compatible monitor. Real-time sequences (FLASH and TrueFISP) were optimized and evaluated in the interventional procedure with a 3D printing aortic phantom, MR compatible guidewire and balloon catheter. After the images were obtained, the image quality was evaluated objectively, and subjectively. T tests was used to analyse the results.Results: The temporal resolution of both sequences were 2 frames/s and spatial resolution was 1.1mm×1.1mm×10mm. For objective assessment, the TrueFISP sequence showed higher SNR and CNR than the FLASH sequence. Image uniformity and geometric distortion did not show significant difference. The subjective scores showed FLASH was higher than TrueFISP, because of moderate artefacts of guidewire and good visualization of balloon catheter.Conclusions: In conclusion, the study demonstrates the MR real-time imaging, FLAH sequence, is feasible of guiding cardiovascular interventions.
Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus irregularis) on mercury tolerance of Medicago truncatula in relation to mercury and zinc concentration
Authors: Guo Yaqin , Sommer Nadine , Martin Konrad , Rasche Frank
Published: August 2022

Mercury (Hg) pollution of soils is a critical environmental problem. To rehabilitate Hg contaminated soils, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)-based phytoremediation may be supportive, yet the functional potential of AMF in response to Hg exposure is unclear. In a greenhouse experiment, we assessed the response of Medicago truncatula (biomass, Hg tolerance index (TI), Hg partitioning) to different Hg concentrations [0 (Hg0), 25 (Hg25), 50 (Hg50) µg g-1] in treatments with (AM) and without (NM) inoculation of the AMF Rhizophagus irregularis. Additionally, zinc (Zn) uptake and the expression of two Zn transporter genes (MtZIP2, MTZIP6) were examined, because Hg and Zn share the same outer electronic configuration, inferring a potential competition for the same transporters. Although AM plants revealed lower biomass than NM plants, they showed a higher Hg TI. Plant roots were identified as dominant Hg reservoirs. At Hg25, R. irregularis decreased the Hg translocation from roots to stems, while Hg translocation was increased at Hg50. Hg in leaves originated mainly from atmospheric uptake. A lower Hg concentration in leaves of AM than NM plants was found, indicating a regulatory effect of R. irregularis on stomata functioning. The negative relationship between Hg and Zn concentrations in the roots of AM and NM plants implied a potential competition for the same transporters, although the expression of Zn transporters was upregulated by AMF inoculation at all Hg levels. In conclusion, this baseline study demonstrated that R. irregularis contributed to Hg tolerance of M. truncatula, suggesting the potential of R. irregularis for Hg-contaminated phytoremediation.
Identification of a TNF-TNFR-like system in malaria vectors (Anopheles stephensi) likely to influence Plasmodium resistance
Authors: Sriniva Subhashini , Ghosh Chaitali , Das Shrestha , Thakare Aditi , Singh Siddharth , Ganesh Apoorva , Mahawar Harsh , Jaisimha Aadhya , Krishna Mohanapriya , Chattopadhyay Aritra , Borah Rishima , Singh Vikrant , M Soumya , Kumar Naveen , Kumar Sampath , Swain Sunita , Subramani Suresh
Published: August 2022

Identification of Plasmodium-resistance genes in malaria vectors remains an elusive goal despite the recent availability of high-quality genomes of several mosquito vectors. An. stephensi, with its three distinctly-identifiable forms at the egg stage, correlating with varying vector competence, offers an ideal species to discover functional mosquito genes implicated in Plasmodium resistance. Recently, the genomes of several strains of An. stephensi of the type-form, known to display high vectorial capacity, have been reported. Here, we report a chromosomal-level assembly of an intermediate-form of An. stephensi strain (IndInt), shown to have reduced vectorial capacity relative to a strain of type-form (IndCh). The contig level assembly with a L50 of 4 was scaffolded into chromosomes by using the genome of IndCh as the reference. The final assembly shows a heterozygous paracentric inversion, 3Li, involving 8 Mbp, which is syntenic to the extensively-studied 2La inversion implicated in Plasmodium resistance in An. gambiae involving 21 Mbp. Deep annotation of genes within the 3Li region in IndInt assembly using the state-of-the-art protein-fold prediction and other annotation tools reveals the presence of a TNF-like gene, which is the homolog of the eiger gene in Drosophila. Subsequent chromosome-wide searches revealed homologs of wengen (wgn) and grindelwald (grnd) genes in IndInt, which are known to be the receptors for eiger in Drosophila. We have identified all the genes in IndInt required for eiger-mediated signaling by analogy to TNF-TNFR system, suggesting the presence of a functionally active eiger signaling pathway present in IndInt. Comparative genomics of high-quality genome assemblies of the three type-forms with that of IndInt, reveals structurally disruptive mutations in eiger gene in all three strains of the type-form, alluding to compromised innate immunity in the type-form as the cause of high vectorial capacity in these strains. This is the first report of the presence of an intact evolutionarily-conserved TNF-TNFR signaling system in malaria vectors, with a potential role in Plasmodium resistance.
Scaling of anisotropic wetting behavior of water drop configuration arising from parallel groove-textured stainless steel surfaces
Authors: Sureshvarr K. , Kannan R. , Alphonsa Joseph , Sivashanmugam P.
Published: August 2022

Understanding the wetting behavior of stainless steel surfaces can help in resolving many socio-economic challenges faced modern day engineering developments. In this research paper, investigations have been carried for understanding the role of surface one-dimensional microgrooves on the wetting behavior by the water drop liquid using the liquid drop shape configuration captured in the view direction parallel and orthogonal to surface microgrooves. Because of the variation in wetting characteristics between these two directions i.e., anisotropic wetting behavior, the liquid drop has attained ellipsoidal shape configuration in the microgroove textured stainless steel surfaces. Detailed investigation has been carried out in understanding the role of microgroove geometrical sizes i.e., width and depth and the spacing between the grooves on the wetting behavior in terms of contact diameter (D) and contact angle (θ). Overall, the wetting dynamics has been characterized by looking at the variation of eccentricity (ε, as a ratio between D in the direction parallel to microgroove and the spreading diameter in the direction orthogonal to microgroove) and wetting anisotropy (Δθ, as a difference in θ between the direction orthogonal and parallel to microgroove) with the microgroove depth parameter,φ ( as a ratio between the microgroove depth and width) and the groove spacing parameter, ξ (as a ratio of the spacing between the grooves and the groove width). By and large, with increase in surface non-dimensional geometrical parameters, φ and ξ, the parameters quantifying eccentricity, ε and Δθ decreases. So, the liquid drop shape configuration shifts towards spherical cap from ellipsoidal cap
Alternative Splicing in Multiple Myeloma is Associated with the Non-Homologous End Joining Pathway
Authors: Liu Enze , Becker Nathan , Sudha Parvathi , Dong Chuanpeng , Liu Yunlong , Keats Jonathan , Morgan Gareth , Walker Brian
Published: August 2022

Alternative splicing plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and proliferation. However, its pattern and pathogenic role has not been systematically analyzed in multiple myeloma or its subtypes. Alternative splicing profiles for 598 newly diagnosed myeloma patients with comprehensive genomic annotation identified primary translocations and DIS3 events to have more differentially spliced events than those without. Splicing levels were correlated with expression of splicing factors. Moreover, the non-homologous end joining pathway was an independent factor that was highly associated with splicing frequency via Prp19C, a component of spliceosome, as well as an increased number of structural variants. We therefore identify an axis of high-risk disease encompassing expression of the non-homologous end joining pathway, increase structural variants, and increased alternative splicing that are linked together. This indicates a joint pathogenic role for DNA damage response and alternative RNA processing in myeloma.
Capabilities of multispectral image in mapping and utilization of sensitive bands for characterization of waste rock dumps: A case study of a manganese mine in India
Authors: Shome Sanniv , Chakraborty Surajit , Dhar Rohit Basu , Sikdar Pradip K , Pathak Khanindra , Mhaske Sushil , Sinha Suranjan
Published: August 2022

Waste dump management is one of the major problems in an opencast manganese mine. The problem is further compounded as the stripping ratio is very high (1:20). The key approach of waste rock dump management is the reuse or reutilization of waste in form of aggregate or m-sand, which is also the basic tenet of circular economy. For waste reutilization, the role of multispectral satellite data analysis is considered to be the best approach in order to characterize the mineral content of the dump. The behavior of the spectral signature curves and its association with the surface reflectance (SR) values of multispectral data (Landsat 9 OLI) is used for determining the sensitive bands. Methods such as Object-Oriented Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Independent Components Analysis (ICA) are used to study rock-mineral interactions. Formulas representing the optimal band ratio are also develop for precise mineral mapping. X-ray diffraction is used to identify the mineral constituents of the rocks. The integration of sensitive bands and incorporation of three methods (Band ratio, PCA and ICA) serve as the main objectives of the present study. The methods are applied to a opencast manganese ore mine in India to establish the sensitive bands for muscovite schists and gneissic rocks in the hanging wall and footwall face respectively. The spectral signature reflectance curves obtained from the multispectral data of the identified minerals are compared with the USGS spectral libraries to determine the sensitive bands (Bands 4, 5, 6, and 7) for rocks. False color composite images (FCC) in the RGB band combination (PC4-PC3-PC1) and (IC4-IC2-IC1) are utilized for precise mineral mapping of the study area. The methods are also validated (positive correlation R2 = 0.775) with the waste rock dumps of the same mine and also with the neighboring mine having similar geological origin.
High-intensity interval training relieves osteoarthritis-induced neuropathic pain through promoting the polarization of M1 to M2 in microglia via the Jak2/Stat3 pathway in rats
Authors: Wang xinwei , Xia Peng , Lin Qiang , Cheng Kai , Chen Anliang , Kong Fane , Shi Yi , Li Xueping
Published: August 2022

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA)-induced neuropathic pain is closely related to microglial polarization in the central nervous system. This study aimed to determine whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) could relieve neuropathic pain and promote the polarization of M1 to M2 in microglia through the Jak2/Stat3 pathway in OA rats. Methods: Wistar rats received intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate for an OA model. After four weeks, moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) or HIIT was conducted consecutively for six weeks. Pain threshold was measured by the von Frey test. The degree of cartilage damage was analyzed by magnetic resonance imaging and safranin-O staining. Tmem119, substance P (SP), Vglut2, c-Fos, and IL6 were detected by immunofluorescence. The CD68 and CD163 were analyzed by flow cytometry. The proteomics sequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyzed the differences in protein and mRNA expression levels between MICT and HIIT groups. Intraperitoneal injection of C-A1 activated the Jak2/Stat3 pathway in OA rats, followed by HIIT treatment, and pain neurotransmitters were detected by Western blotting. Results: The pain threshold was significantly decreased from third weeks to tenth weeks in OA rats. HIIT treatment promoted the polarization of M1 to M2 in microglia and down-regulated Tmem119, SP, Vglut2, c-Fos, and IL6. Moreover, HIIT suppressed Jak2 and Stat3 expression levels when compared with MICT rats. The pain threshold and pain neurotransmitters were lower in C-A1+HIIT rats than in C-A1 rats. Conclusions: HIIT relieves OA-induced neuropathic pain and promotes the polarization of M1 to M2 in microglia through the Jak2/Stat3 pathway.
Developing a Self-Learning Knowledge-Based System for Follow-up and Treatment of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
Authors: Negasa Geleta , Jimma Worku , Diriba Chala
Published: August 2022

Background: Follow-up and treatment complications among pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension is one of the significant global health challenges. It is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Thus, to address the problem, it is crucial to develop a self-learning knowledge-based system that assists health professionals in the timely follow-up and treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertensive and minimizes maternal death.Methods: Experimental research design was used to develop the proposed system. The domainexperts were selected from Jimma Medical Center purposively to acquire knowledge using structured and unstructured interviews. The acquired knowledge was modelled and represented by a decision tree and a production rule, respectively.Results: Developing a self-learning knowledge-based system for follow-up and treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension was developed. The system's performance was evaluated and produced a result of 81.25%. In addition, user acceptance of the developed system was done by a visual interaction method, namely, by showing the system to the domain experts, and it was found that it produced 83.44%.Conclusions: The developed system helps save the life of pregnant women in health centers where health professionals are scarce. In addition, it can reduce the time and cost of follow-up and treatment in the health center. Therefore, the researchers recommend that hospitals and health centers use the developed system to improve health services.
Protective side of Nebivolol via Akt/Hif-1α/eNOS signaling pathway: Nephrotoxicity caused by Methotrexate in a rat model
Authors: KARAKUYU Nasıf Fatih , ERTUNÇ Onur , BEDİR Mehmet , DOĞAN Hatice Kübra , TANER Rümeysa , Sevük Mehmet Abdulkadir , İMECİ Orhan Berk , ERGÖNÜL Esin
Published: August 2022

Methotrexate (MTX) is an antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory agent which is used in serious diseases. Its use should be limited due to side effects such as nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, especially during high doses in cancer treatment. Hypertension may accompany patients due to nephrotoxicity, which is shown as one of the most important side effects. Nebivolol (NBV), which is a beta blocker and used in the treatment of hypertension, also contributes to vasodilation in tissues by activating endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) enzyme. The purpose of this study is to research the effect of NBV on MTX-induced nephrotoxicity through the AKT1/Hif-1⍺/eNOS signaling pathway.The rats were randomly divided into three groups of eight each. Groups were control, MTX and MTX + NBV. A single dose of 20 mg/kg MTX was given intraperitoneally to the rats on the first day of the study and 10 mg/kg NBV was given orally to the treatment group for seven days.At the end of the study, rats' blood and kidney tissues were taken for histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical examinations. Total antioxidant status levels were increased and total oxidant status levels were decreased significantly in MTX + NBV group compared with MTX group. Although creatinine levels increased in the MTX group compared to the control, while decreased in the MTX + NBV group. MTX administration was significantly decreased the expression levels of AKT1, eNOS and Hif1α compared to control group and NBV treatment increased these values compared to MTX group.In conclusion, NBV treatment ameliorated the MTX induced nephrotoxicity via AKT1/Hif-1⍺/eNOS signaling pathway.
Tropical fruits polyphenols: inhibitors of the oxidation of the LDL
Authors: Herrera-Pérez Eilyn , Fernández-Acosta Roberto , Bebelagua Yanín , Rodríguez José L. , García Mario A.
Published: August 2022

The antioxidant power of the polyphenols of some tropical fruits such as the papaya (Carica papaya L.), soursop (Annona muricata L.), mammee (Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn), guava (Psidium guajava L.), banana cv. Vietnamese (Musa paradisiaca L.) and tamarind (Tamarindus indicus L.) were evaluated. The oxidation was performed at 37 °C with different concentrations of polyphenols. The oxidation products were measured by the 2-tiobarbituric acid method. The IC50 and Antioxidant Potential per Serving (APS) were estimated as an antioxidant quality indexes. The estimated IC50 values (µM) were: 21.3 (papaya); 21.5 (soursop); 22.4 (banana); 19.1 (guava); 14.7 (mammee) and 12.9 (tamarind). The APS values were: 20.2 (papaya); 51.6 (soursop); 37 (banana); 83 (guava); 30.3 (mammee) and 218 (tamarind). All fruit polyphenols inhibit the LDL oxidation. The polyphenols of tamarind and mammee presented the best antioxidant quality, while the tamarind and guava showed the biggest APS.
Physio-chemical analysis and kinetic modeling of phenol degradation by the endophyte Kocuria rhizophila 14asp
Authors: Javeria Mehreen , Hussain Khalid , Nayab Durre
Published: August 2022

Phenol is a carcinogenic pollutant found in a range of industrial effluents in concentrations up to several mg L-1. Here, we investigated in vitro phenol degradation by non-starved endophytic Kocuria rhizophila 14asp in batch mode at a wide range of concentrations (1500 mg L-1 to 6500 mg L-1) under a variety of conditions. The optimum temperature and pH for maximum phenol degradation were found to be 35 oC and 7.3, respectively. The maximum extent of phenol degradation was 93% after 144 hrs when the culture was fed 1500 mg phenol L-1, and resulted in a maximum cell yield of 0.21. Kinetic modeling with Haldane, Edward and Yano kinetic models showed that the Edward model best described the phenol degradation kinetics by K. rhizophila 14asp. Given the ability of K. rhizophila 14asp to utilize high concentrations of phenol as sole source of carbon and energy, it may be useful in biodegradation systems.
Study protocol to assess the effectiveness of Palliative care Intervention led by nurse on symptom burden and quality of life of patients with cancer at a tertiary level hospital in northern India: A Randomized Control Trial.
Authors: Dhawan Shelly , Jiwan Triza , Singh Raja , Raj Rajneesh
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Palliative care is immensely needed in India, because more than 80% of newly diagnosed cancer cases (1.1 million) present in advanced stages (stage III and IV). As a consequence of shortage of clinicians with expertise, extensive adoption of palliative care is bounded.
Objectives: To develop the content of package of interventions in form of checklists for execution of palliative care by oncology nurses (Nurse led Palliative care) to address physical, social, emotional and spiritual problems among cancer patients associated with disease and treatment and to assess the ability of 12 weeks nurse led palliative care intervention on symptom burden and quality of life among cancer patients.

Methods and Materials: In this tertiary care hospital based randomized controlled trial, sequentially numbered opaque sealed envelopes (SNOSE) will be used for randomization and allocation concealment. Intervention group will receive a package of interventions that includes effective communication, management of pain, psycho-social, gastro-intestinal, respiratory, urological, nursing issues for a period of 12 weeks in a customized manner as per the requirement by the individual whereas control group will receive standard routine care. Data regarding symptom burden will be assessed by memorial symptom assessment scale-short form (MSAS-SF), general anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7), patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and quality of life will be assessed by functional assessment of chronic illness therapy (FACIT-PAL version-4) at baseline, 4 and 12 weeks.
Trial registration: This trial is prospectively registered with the clinical trials registry, number-CTRI/2022/04/042329.
Keywords: Nurse led Palliative care, Cancer patients, symptom burden, Quality of life.
Design of a plasmonic refractive index sensor based on the amplifier system with two plasmonic waveguides and four cavities with different dimensions and coordinates
Authors: HamidAbbasi
Published: August 2022

In this research, we design a plasmonic refractive index sensor based on metal insulated metal waveguide (MIM) and examine it numerically. To design the structure of this sensor, we use five cavities with different dimensions and coordinates and two plasmonic waveguides. The resonant wavelengths and refractive index of the resonators are investigated and simulated by the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. Due to the fact that the sensors and conduction characteristics of plasmonic waves are affected by the structure parameters, by changing the refractive index and changing the dimensions of the cavities, we can weaken or strengthen the passage coefficient in the resonant modes. As a result, we obtain the sensitivity coefficient, the competency digit (FOM) and the sensor quality coefficient. These plasmonic sensors with a simple frame and high optical resolution can be used to measure the refractive index in the medical, chemical and food industries, and due to the special correct distribution of resonances, they are highly sensitive to changes in the refractive index of the environment.
Motherhood as a double-edged sword: A phenomenological exploration into the lived experiences of incarcerated pregnant women
Authors: Alirezaei Somayeh , Roudsari Robab Latifnejad
Published: August 2022

Background
The global number of women in prison has increased in recent years. Some of these incarcerated women experience pregnancy. Pregnancy in prison has a great impact on the experience of mothers and can affect women’s role in motherhood. This study aimed to understand the meaning of motherhood in pregnant prisoners.
Methods
The present qualitative research was carried out using a descriptive-interpretive phenomenology via interviews with 11 pregnant or early postpartum women in prison. The participants were purposefully selected from incarcerated pregnant women in 2020 in Iran. Six-step Van Manen’s phenomenological approach was used for data analysis.
Results
The main theme of “motherhood, as a double-edged sword"emerged from the analysis, which consisted of two sub-themes, including “Moving in a circle between togetherness and separation” and “Being subject to ambiguous and illusory thoughts”. Based on the findings, motherhood in prison is just like living in a world, which is shaky and chaotic, and mothers are confused between reaching to and separation from the child. Furthermore, they experience the anxiety and worries of motherhood, and cannot be confident regarding the future of themselves and their children.
Conclusion
The experience of motherhood in prison for women was like a double-edged sword; on the one hand, they were fully immersed in motherhood feelings and emotions, which enhanced mother’s tolerance in prison, and on the other hand, the presence of child caused the aggravation of stress and anxiety.
Body Weight Perception and Quality of Life in Nurses of Nantong City, China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Xu , Yang Xiaohua , Chu Hongmei , Ge Chunyan , Yin Jie
Published: August 2022

Background To explored associations of body weight perception with body mass index and quality of life among nurses.Methods A total of 456 nurses (18-55 years old） were surveyed in a cross-sectional study in a hospital. Data on social-demographic characteristics, BMI, BWP and Qol were collected. Results 40.6% of nurses misconception their weight status. Married nurses were more likely than unmarried to underestimate their weight. Significant disparity in mental health, vitality and mental component summary scores were found in nursers who underestimate their weight compared to those correctly perceived or over or who overestimate their weight. Conclusion Interventions should be designed to help nurse address body weight status misconception, thereby contributing to label themselves and patients as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese correctly, and in turn, giving reasonable eating habits and physical activities health education.
Changes in Rooting Substances of Tomato Explants1,2
Authors: Aung L. H. , Bryan H. H. , Byrne J. M.
Published: August 2022

The rooting substances of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) explants during root regeneration were studied. The root-promoting substances of the basic, acidic, and bound ether-soluble fractions of the plant extracts after paper chromatography were determined by a tomato hypocotyl test. The basic root-promoting substances in the basal hypocotyl region changed qualitatively, while those of the acidic and bound fractions decreased with rooting. It was found that in 5-day-old explants, the highest root-promoting substances were in the bound fraction, and in the basal hypocotyl region. Histological evidence showed the presence of preformed root primordia in the rooting region of 10-day-old tomato explants.
Net Photosynthesis and Dark Respiration of Apple Leaves as Affected by Pesticides1
Authors: Ayers J. C. , Barden J. A.
Published: August 2022

Of 33 chemicals tested, 21 had no effect on net photosynthesis (Pn) or dark respiration (Rd) of apple (Malus pumila Mill.). Of the 12 having an effect, most reduced Pn, 2 increased Pn, and 1 increased Rd. Oil and emulsifiable concentrate formulations generally reduced Pn, while Plictran and formetanate hydrochloride increased Pn. In 1 test qxythioquinox increased Rd whereas other materials had little or no effect in any test. There was no difference in response by cultivar or to environment, but the method of treatment introduced wide variation in the effects of certain chemicals.
The Penetration of Global Solar Radiation into Apple Trees1
Authors: Proctor J. T. A. , Kyle W. J. , Davies J. A.
Published: August 2022

Global radiation on cloudless days within apple trees varied considerably. At most times on any day absorption of global radiation was dependant on solar zenith angle and was greatest between 1 and 2m from the tree tops. Measurements of penetrating global radiation were similar whether made on E-W or N-W tracks and differed little in trees on M.26 and M.7 except deep in the canopy where energy levels were lower in the latter.

Attenuation of infra-red radiation was less than visible resulting in higher levels of infra-red relative to visible deep in the canopy.

Apples from trees on M.7 had less red color than those on M.26 but the amount of red color formed was positively correlated with global radiation. At the same global radiation fruit color was better on M.26 than on M.7. This may, in part, be a rootstock or tree training effect. An estimated minimum energy of 250 cal cm-2 day-1 was necessary for the initiation and maintenance of red color in apples.
Performance of Nucellar Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi Macf., on 13 Rootstocks in South Texas1
Authors: Wutscher H. K. , Maxwell N. P. , Shull A. V.
Published: August 2022

Fruit production of 11-year-old ‘CES #3 Redblush’ grapefruit Citrus paradisi Macf. trees on 13 root-stocks was best on ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (C.P.B. 4475) [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. × C. paradisi], ‘Morton’ and ‘Troyer’ [P. trifoliata × C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck] rootstock. The lowest yielding trees were on ‘Tachibana’ orange C. tachibana (Mak.) Tan. and ‘Succari’ sweet orange C. sinensis rootstock. There was wide variation in the percentage of large-sized fruit (96 and above) over 3 years; trees on ‘Troyer’ and ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (‘C.P.B. 4475’) produced the greatest quantities of large fruit. The fruit of ‘CES #3 Redblush’ was small on ‘Tachibana’ orange, ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin C. reticulata Blanco, and ‘Succari’ sweet orange rootstock. Total soluble solids was highest on ‘Tachibana’ orange, ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin, and ‘Texas’ sour orange C. aurantium L., lowest on ‘Rough’ lemon C. jambhiri Lush, and ‘Troyer’. Acids were high on ‘Tachibana’ orange and ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin rootstocks, low on ‘Rough’ lemon and ‘Christian’ trifoliate orange Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. Trees were larger than average on ‘Rough’ lemon and sweet orange rootstock, smaller on ‘Christian’ trifoliate and ‘Tachibana’ orange. Leaf Mn levels were high on ‘Tachibana’ orange; B levels were relatively low on ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (C.P.B. 4475) and ‘Succari’ sweet orange rootstocks.
Influence of Trellis Type on Yield of Muscadine Grape1
Authors: Brightwell W. T. , Austin M. E.
Published: August 2022

One-wire, 2-wire, and overhead trellis systems of the muscadine grape, Vitis rotundifolia, Mich., cv. Hunt, were compared for 20 bearing years. Initially, plants trained to the 2-wire trellis had the highest yield; but for each of the next 18 years, the highest yield was obtained from the overhead trellis. All training systems exhibited alternate bearing after the 7th crop year. The alternate bearing pattern was the same as the state pecan production.
Ultrastructure of Nectarine Fruit Surfaces1
Authors: Fogle Harold W. , Faust Miklos
Published: August 2022

The fruit surface characteristics of 15 nectarine clones were examined by scanning electron microscopy at 200 and 2000× magnifications. The surface of nectarines appeared very different from surfaces of fruits previously examined. The relatively unprotected surface, the apparent ridging, and minute cracks starting at stomates of nectarines have not been previously described. Among clones, differences were evident in prominence and coarseness of ridges, number and elevation of stomates, and cracking of the cuticle of mature fruit. The appearance of minute cracks coincided with the time of natural brown rot infection; thus the cracks are regarded as the most likely entry sites for the brown rot organism. Stomates seemingly were suberized in maturing fruits. The study revealed that relatively small differences in surface structures are apparently heritable.
Comparative Development of Dwarf and Normal Segregants in Watermelon1
Authors: Loy J. Brent , Liu Peter B. W.
Published: August 2022

A study of vegetative growth and flowering was conducted on normal and 3 dwarf segregants, dw-1, dw-2 and dw-1:dw-2 (extreme dwarf) of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumura and Nakai]. Con pared to normal segregants, stem elongation was reduced by about 50% in dw-1 segregants, 80% in dw-2 segre gants and 90% in extreme dwarfs. The primary effect of the dwarf genes was an additive reduction in internode length. The rate of leaf initiation was reduced in dw-2 and extreme dwarfs, but not in dw-1 dwarfs.

Extreme and dw-2 dwarfs flowered at an earlier node number than either dw-1 or normal segregants. However, due to slower growth and abortion of early pistillate flowers, particularly in dw-2 and extreme dwarfs, the dwarf segregants displayed a temporal delay in flowering. Hence, the late-flowering characteristic of the dwarf segregants, especially in dw-2 and extreme dwarfs, imposes serious limitations on their usefulness for breeding early maturing dwarf cultivars.
Thinning French Prune (Prunus domestica L.) with (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid1
Authors: Martin George C. , Fitch Larry B. , Sibbett G. Steven , Carnill Gregory L. , Ramos David E.
Published: August 2022

Foliar sprays of (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) were applied at 50, 100, and 150 ppm to French prune trees at 50% petal fall and when seed length was 8.3 to 9.4 mm. All concentrations thinned fruits within 3 to 4 weeks after treatment. The treatments increased soluble solids and fruit size, and in some instances decreased dry tonnage. Return bloom the following year was greater on treated trees than on controls. Also, fall coloration patterns appeared earlier on the treated trees. No phytotoxic effects from the treatments were evident on the fruits.
Endogenous Promoter and Inhibitor Levels in Lilium longiflorum Bulbs1
Authors: Lin W. C. , Wilkins H. F. , Brenner M. L.
Published: August 2022

Lilium longiflorum Thunb. cv. Nellie White shoots rapidly emerged and flowered when bulbs were given a 4.5°C/40 day treatment. However, GA levels in the bulbs did not increase during the 4.5°C/40 day cold storage, but increased afterwards in the greenhouse with a GA maximum 30 days past storage. ABA activity patterns were similar to GA. Bulbs first treated at 4.5°C/30 days and then followed by 21°C/30 days had higher GA activity and their shoots were slower to emerge and flower than those of bulbs first treated at 21°C/30 days then given 4.5°C/30 days. Bulbs from 4 harvest dates had greater GA activity in the inner scales while ABA activity was greater in the outer scales.
Impedance as a Measurement of Blueberry Bud Hardiness1
Authors: Doughty C. C. , Hemerick G. A.
Published: August 2022

Impedance in situ of one-year-old fruiting shoot internodes was evaluated as a means of measuring hardiness, and to determine the effect of temperature and rest on the development of hardiness in dormant buds of blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Impedance measured by inserting 2 stainless steel needles through the bark into the phloem and cambium showed the relative hardiness levels of woody tissue at each date. Impedance varied inversely with temperature during hardening and dehardening. Differences in bud hardiness among cultivars at specified dates were not always shown.
Effect of White Latex Paint on Temperature of Stone Fruit Tree Trunks in Winter1
Authors: Martsolf J. David , Ritter C. Marshall , Hatch Anthony H.
Published: August 2022

Tree trunks painted on the sunlit side with white exterior latex paint were found to be 30 C cooler than nonpainted trunks during midwinter in midlatitudes. The dependency of the cambium temp amelioration on wind speed and trunk diam is indicated through an argument based on convective transfer theory. The argument suggests that for trunks larger than 10 cm diam or for wind speeds less than 30 cm/sec around the trunk or both, the amelioration due to white paint may be greater than 30 C.
Red Color Enhancement of Pepper Fruits by Multiple Applications of Ethephon1
Authors: Cantliffe Daniel J. , Goodwin P.
Published: August 2022

Ethephon [(2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid] increased the yield of red fruit and reduced green fruit and total yields on 5 cultivars of peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) in the greenhouse. The effectiveness of ethephon was dependent on its concentration, the number of sprays, and cultivar. The cultivar Shepherd was the most sensitive to ethephon. A 10-ppm spray applied twice to ‘Shepherd’ was more effective in promoting red fruit coloring than any of the single sprays. Double or single sprays were equally effective in ‘Sweet Hungarian’, ‘Cascabella,’ and, to a lesser degree, ‘Staddon’s Select’, but double sprays were more effective in ‘Vinedale.’ The higher single concentrations of ethephon caused more chlorosis, defoliation, and fruit abscission than repeated application at lower concentration, and total yields were substantially reduced.

In the field, 3 applications of 300 ppm ethephon significantly increased yield of red fruit and decreased green fruit in ‘Vinedale’, whereas all multiple applications were equally effective on ‘Shepherd.’ Only a single 750 ppm ethephon treatment significantly promoted fruit ripening in ‘Staddon’s Select.’ Ethephon effectively concentrated fruit maturity in the field for once-over harvest without reducing yield.
Response of Growth and Mineral Composition of Potato to Nitrate and Ammonium Nitrogen1
Authors: Polizotto Kim R. , Wilcox Gerald E. , Jones Charles M.
Published: August 2022

Fertilization of 2 cultivars of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown in solution culture with NH4—N resulted in growth reduction, leaf roll, suppression of Ca and Mg uptake, and enhancement of P uptake compared with responses with NO3—N. Calcium and Mg decreased as time under NH4 nutrition increased. Solution pH had little affect on response to N form.
Simulation Models for Harvesting of Pickling Cucumbers1
Authors: Chen L. H. , Miller C. H. , Sowell R. S.
Published: August 2022

Simulation models for harvesting pickling cucumbers were developed for both once-over and multiple harvesting. The models predict the optimum harvest date, yield, and size distribution of cucumbers harvested. Average time required for a fruit to advance from one grade to the next and the probability of a fruit arrival on a plant during a given day were found to be critical. The multiple harvesting model shows promise of being a valuable tool in scheduling operations of the cucumber production system.
Core Breakdown of New York ‘Bartlett’ Pears1
Authors: Blanpied G. D.
Published: August 2022

Storage studies with NY grown ‘Bartlett’ pear (Pyrus communis L.) indicated that core breakdown in fruits ripened after storage was influenced by crop load on the tree, harvest date, storage temperature, the use of CA, and folded polyethylene box liners, as well as the length of the storage period, and post storage ripening temperature. Core breakdown was controlled by storage in air at −1.1 °C (30°F).
Effects of CO2 During and Following Storage on Removal of Astringency and Keeping Quality of ‘Triumph’ Persimmons1
Authors: Guelfat-Reich Sylvia , Ben-Arie Ruth , Metal N.
Published: August 2022

Controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage of astringent persimmon fruits (Diospyros kaki L.f. cv. Triumph) at −1° or 0°C enabled removal of astringency if CO2 content of storage atmosphere was 12% or more and O2 content was 3 to 5%. These gas combinations caused severe pulp injury and gave an alcoholic flavor to the fruit. At 3 to 9% CO2, astringency was reduced but not entirely removed and subsequent treatment of 12 hrs in 90% CO2 at 17°C was necessary to make the fruit edible. Storage life at −1°C was prolonged in 3% CO2 and 3 to 5% O2 due to less fruit softening and pulp discoloration. Higher CO2 concentration in the storage atmosphere accelerated softening, increased pulp injuries, and elevated respiration rates during shelf-life. Post-storage treatment in 90% CO2 at 17°C to remove astringency, slowed down the rate of fruit softening but accelerated the respiration rate, especially of CA-stored fruit.
Fruit Anthocyanin Pigments of Red Raspberry Cultivars 1
Authors: Barritt Bruce H. , Torre Louis C.
Published: August 2022

The distribution of cyanidin and pelargonidin fruit anthocyanins is presented for 37 red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivars and selections. Nine cultivars contained 2 major fruit pigments, cyanidin 3-glucoside (Cy 3-G1) and cyanidin 3-sophoroside (Cy 3-Sop); 27 cultivars contained in addition 2 other major pigments, cyanidin 3-rutinoside (Cy 3-Ru) and cyanidin 3-glucosylrutinoside (Cy 3-G1Ru); and 1 selection ‘SHRI 6626/41’ contained in addition to the 4 pigments, cyanidin 3-sambubioside (Cy 3-Sam) and cyanidin 3-xylosylrutinoside (Cy 3-XylRu). Related pelargonidin glycosides were detected most cultivars and cyanidin 3, 5-diglucoside (Cy 3, 5-diG1) was detected in 13 cultivars.
Weed Control in Cucumber and Watermelon1
Authors: Glaze Norman C.
Published: August 2022

Seven herbicides, alone or in combinations, were tested for weed control on watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai cv. Charleston Gray, and cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. cv. Chipper, during 1967 to 1972. Preemergence applications of nitralin (4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline) controlled most weed species without seriously injuring either crop. The combination of bensulide (O,O-diisopropyl phosphorodithioate S-ester with N-(2-mercaptoethyl) benzenesulfonamide) with either chloramben, methyl ester (methyl 3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoate) or naptalam (N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid) controlled a broader spectrum of weeds than any of the compounds applied singly.
Municipal Compost as a Medium Amendment for Chrysanthemum Culture1
Authors: Gogue G. Jay , Sanderson Kenneth C.
Published: August 2022

Foliar analysis data (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, and B) and growth parameters (flower diameter and dry weight and flowering stem weight and length) indicated that municipal compost could be used as a soil amendment for chrysanthemum culture. Compost amendment produced plants high in foliar K, Cu, B, and Zn. A marginal leaf injury was observed in compost-grown plants. While K, Cu, and Zn toxicities were disproven, B toxicity still remained a possible explanation for the symptoms. Plants grown in perlite media were high in K, Ca, Cu, Al, B, and Zn, and perlite amendment may have accented the leaf injury observed in compost media. Negative correlations of growth parameters occurred with foliar K, Cu, Al, B, Na, and Zn concentrations.