bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate change and decadal shifts in the phenology of larval fishes in the California Current ecosystem
Authors: Asch Rebecca G.
Published: July 2015

Significance

In terrestrial ecosystems, earlier phenology (i.e., seasonal timing) is a hallmark organismal response to global warming. Less is known about marine phenological responses to climate change, especially in Eastern Boundary Current Upwelling (EBCU) ecosystems that generate >20% of fish catch. The phenology of 43 EBCU fish species was examined over 58 years; 39% of phenological events occurred earlier in recent decades, with faster changes than many terrestrial ecosystems. Zooplankton did not shift their phenology synchronously with most fishes. Fishes that aren’t changing their phenology synchronously with zooplankton may be subject to mismatches with prey, potentially leading to reduced recruitment to fisheries. Adjusting the timing of seasonal management tactics (e.g., fishery closures, hatchery releases) may help ensure that management remains effective.
Structural basis and functional analysis of the SARS coronavirus nsp14–nsp10 complex
Authors: Ma Yuanyuan , Wu Lijie , Shaw Neil , Gao Yan , Wang Jin , Sun Yuna , Lou Zhiyong , Yan Liming , Zhang Rongguang , Rao Zihe
Published: July 2015

Significance

Proofreading exonucleases contributing to replication fidelity in DNA viruses and cellular organisms are well known; however, proofreading in RNA viruses was unknown until recently. Coronavirus nonstructural protein 14 (nsp14) has been shown to function as a proofreading exoribonuclease. Additionally, nsp14 shows (guanine-N7) methyl transferase activity for viral mRNA capping. Both roles are important for viral replication and transcription. Here, we report the structures of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus nsp14 in complex with its activator nonstructural protein 10 (nsp10) and functional ligands. Structural observations coupled with mutagenesis and functional assays provide a better understanding of the function of nsp14. Furthermore, the structures of the nsp14–nsp10 complex demonstrate several unique niches that could be targeted for development of potent antiviral drugs.
A corpus-based account of left-detached items in the recent history of English
Authors: Tizón-Couto David
Published: July 2015

This paper investigates sequences featuring a coreferential link between a left-detached constituent and a resumptive in the following main clause [‘LDet-sequences’]. Their syntactic, semantic and textual behaviour is investigated in historically recent texts (since Modern English) where such detachments are not generally expected to replicate the behaviour that has been attested for contemporary spoken English Left Dislocation [‘LDis’] (cf. Geluykens 1993; Gregory & Michaelis 2001; Snider 2005; Netz et al. 2011). A typology of LDet-sequences is proposed in order to investigate them beyond their apparent structural similarities with spoken English LDis. Left-detached referents are found to typically hold a weak relationship with clause-grammar; however, some of the LDet-sequences attested also exhibit a certain degree of deviation from the less syntactic and freer, discoursal behaviour that characterises others. As far as their diachronic development is concerned, only LDet-sequences that closely resemble LDis illustrate the declining course reported in previous research for LDis (cf. Pérez-Guerra & Tizón-Couto 2009). Lastly, LDet-sequences are more frequent in drama and fiction; thus, the prediction that they are employed to recreate conversation (cf. Geluykens 1992) is provisionally borne out.
Word order in English and French
Authors: Dupont Maïté
Published: July 2015

Drawing upon the theoretical framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics, this paper compares the word order patterns of English and French adverbial connectors of contrast in a comparable bilingual corpus of quality newspaper editorials. The study shows that the two languages offer the same possibilities in terms of connector positioning but differ markedly in the preferred patterns that they display. In both languages, connector placement proves to be influenced by three main types of factors: language-specific syntactic, rhetorical and lexical factors. The notion of Rheme, which tends to be under-researched in the literature in comparison to that of Theme, plays a key role in the analysis.
Interpretation of NPs in generic and existential contexts in L3 Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Ionin Tania , Grolla Elaine , Santos Hélade , Montrul Silvina A.
Published: July 2015

This paper examines the interpretation of NPs in generic and existential contexts in the acquisition of Brazilian Portuguese (BrP) as a third language (L3) by learners who speak English and a Romance language (Spanish, French or Italian). The paper examines whether transfer / cross-linguistic influence is from English, Spanish/French/Italian, or both, and whether it matters which language is the learners’ first language (L1) vs. their second language (L2). An Acceptability Judgment Task of NP interpretation in BrP is administered to L1-English L2-Spanish/French/Italian and L1-Spanish L2-English learners of BrP as an L3, as well as to a control group of native speakers of BrP. The findings point to a nuanced picture of transfer in L3 acquisition, in which both languages can serve as the source of transfer, but transfer from a previously learned Romance language is more pronounced than transfer from English, both for L1-English L2-Romance and L1-Spanish L2-English L3-learners of BrP.
Political metaphor, a matter of purposeful style
Authors: Schoor Carola
Published: July 2015

There are currently attempts to dovetail classical and conceptual metaphor to improve analyses of metaphor in political discourse, but the results, to date, are not robust or sufficiently comprehensive. In this article, I return to Aristotle’s original definition of metaphor in order to set up a framework for the analysis of political metaphors. I first designate the exact position of Aristotle’s theory within conceptual metaphor theory, in order to avoid a lack of coherence between classical and conceptual metaphor theory. In the combination of the two theories I am able to define three styles of purposeful political use of metaphor: reason-based, emotion-based and strategy-based usage of (conceptual) metaphor. These styles are significant, because using a political metaphor is performing a political speech-act, and an important purpose of that speech-act, besides persuasion, is establishing a political identity and style. Examples of the three metaphor purposes and styles show how they can be identified in political discourse. The framework can be used in further political analysis to assess what the role of rhetorical style is in political processes.
The Adrenergic System in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Bench to Bedside (2013 Grover Conference Series)
Authors: Bristow Michael R. , Quaife Robert A.
Published: July 2015

In heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF), adrenergic activation is a key compensatory mechanism that is a major contributor to progressive ventricular remodeling and worsening of heart failure. Targeting the increased adrenergic activation with β‐adrenergic receptor blocking agents has led to the development of arguably the single most effective drug therapy for HFrEF. The pressure‐overloaded and ultimately remodeled/failing right ventricle (RV) in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is also adrenergically activated, which raises the issue of whether an antiadrenergic strategy could be effectively employed in this setting. Anecdotal experience suggests that it will be challenging to administer an antiadrenergic treatment such as a β‐blocking agent to patients with established moderate‐severe PAH. However, the same types of data and commentary were prevalent early in the development of β‐blockade for HFrEF treatment. In addition, in HFrEF approaches have been developed for delivering β‐blocker therapy to patients who have extremely advanced heart failure, and these general principles could be applied to RV failure in PAH. This review examines the role played by adrenergic activation in the RV faced with PAH, contrasts PAH‐RV remodeling with left ventricle remodeling in settings of sustained increases in afterload, and suggests a possible approach for safely delivering an antiadrenergic treatment to patients with RV dysfunction due to moderate‐severe PAH.
Acute Pulmonary Hypertension Caused by Tumor Embolism: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Mury Caroline , Schneider Antoine G. , Nobile Antoine , Rotman Samuel , Liaudet Lucas
Published: July 2015

Acute pulmonary hypertension leading to right ventricular failure and circulatory collapse is usually caused by thromboembolic obstruction of the pulmonary circulation. However, in rare instances, other causes can be associated with a similar clinical presentation. We present and discuss the clinical histories of two patients with acute right ventricular failure due to an atypical cause of pulmonary hypertension, disseminated pulmonary tumor embolism.
WebDISCO: a web service for distributed cox model learning without patient-level data sharing
Authors: Lu Chia-Lun , Wang Shuang , Ji Zhanglong , Wu Yuan , Xiong Li , Jiang Xiaoqian , Ohno-Machado Lucila
Published: July 2015

Objective The Cox proportional hazards model is a widely used method for analyzing survival data. To achieve sufficient statistical power in a survival analysis, it usually requires a large amount of data. Data sharing across institutions could be a potential workaround for providing this added power.

Methods and materials The authors develop a web service for distributed Cox model learning (WebDISCO), which focuses on the proof-of-concept and algorithm development for federated survival analysis. The sensitive patient-level data can be processed locally and only the less-sensitive intermediate statistics are exchanged to build a global Cox model. Mathematical derivation shows that the proposed distributed algorithm is identical to the centralized Cox model.

Results The authors evaluated the proposed framework at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), Emory, and Duke. The experimental results show that both distributed and centralized models result in near-identical model coefficients with differences in the range 10−15 to 10−12 . The results confirm the mathematical derivation and show that the implementation of the distributed model can achieve the same results as the centralized implementation.

Limitation The proposed method serves as a proof of concept, in which a publicly available dataset was used to evaluate the performance. The authors do not intend to suggest that this method can resolve policy and engineering issues related to the federated use of institutional data, but they should serve as evidence of the technical feasibility of the proposed approach.

Conclusions WebDISCO (Web-based Distributed Cox Regression Model; https://webdisco.ucsd-dbmi.org:8443/cox/ ) provides a proof-of-concept web service that implements a distributed algorithm to conduct distributed survival analysis without sharing patient level data.
A widespread role of the motif environment in transcription factor binding across diverse protein families
Authors: Dror Iris , Golan Tamar , Levy Carmit , Rohs Remo , Mandel-Gutfreund Yael
Published: July 2015

Transcriptional regulation requires the binding of transcription factors (TFs) to short sequence-specific DNA motifs, usually located at the gene regulatory regions. Interestingly, based on a vast amount of data accumulated from genomic assays, it has been shown that only a small fraction of all potential binding sites containing the consensus motif of a given TF actually bind the protein. Recent in vitro binding assays, which exclude the effects of the cellular environment, also demonstrate selective TF binding. An intriguing conjecture is that the surroundings of cognate binding sites have unique characteristics that distinguish them from other sequences containing a similar motif that are not bound by the TF. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the sequence and DNA shape features surrounding the core-binding sites of 239 and 56 TFs extracted from in vitro HT-SELEX binding assays and in vivo ChIP-seq data, respectively. Comparing the nucleotide content of the regions around the TF-bound sites to the counterpart unbound regions containing the same consensus motifs revealed significant differences that extend far beyond the core-binding site. Specifically, the environment of the bound motifs demonstrated unique sequence compositions, DNA shape features, and overall high similarity to the core-binding motif. Notably, the regions around the binding sites of TFs that belong to the same TF families exhibited similar features, with high agreement between the in vitro and in vivo data sets. We propose that these unique features assist in guiding TFs to their cognate binding sites.
Crystal structure of (E)-4-hydroxy-3-{1-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)imino]ethyl}-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one
Authors: Djedouani Amel , Boufas Sihem , Cleymand Franck , François Michel , Fleutot Solenne
Published: July 2015

In the title Schiff base, C14H13NO4, which adopts the phenol–imine tautomeric form, the dihedral angle between the planes of the benzene and heterocyclic (r.m.s. deviation = 0.037 Å) rings is 53.31 (11)°. An intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond closes anS(6) ring. In the crystal, molecules are linked by O—H...O hydrogen bonds to generateC(11) chains propagating in the [010] direction. A weak C—H...O link is also observed, leading to the formation ofR55(32) rings extending parallel to the (101) plane.
Crystal structure of bis[tris(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2N,N′)cobalt(II)] tetranitrateN,N′-(1,4-phenylenedicarbonyl)diglycine solvate octahydrate
Authors: Pook Niels-Patrick , Hentrich Philipp , Gjikaj Mimoza
Published: July 2015

The complex cation of the title compound, [Co(C12H8N2)3]2(NO3)4·C12H12N2O6·8H2O, contains a CoIIatom with a distorted octahedral coordination environment defined by six N atoms from three bidentate 1,10-phenanthroline ligands. The asymmetric unit of the title compound is completed by one-half of theN,N′-(1,4-phenylenedicarbonyl)diglycine solvent molecule, which is located on a centre of inversion, by two nitrate counter-anions and four solvent water molecules. Two [Co(C12H8N2)3]2+cations are connected through C—H...O contacts and through lone-pair...π interactions involving the non-coordinatingN,N′-(1,4-phenylenedicarbonyl)diglycine and phenanthroline molecules. The different aromatic ring systems are involved in π–π stacking and C—H...π interactions, with centroid-to-centroid distances in the range 3.7094 (8)–3.9973 (9) Å. The crystal structure is stabilized by further anion...π interactions and C—H...O contacts, as well as O—H...O and N—H...O hydrogen bonds between water molecules, the non-coordinating nitrate anions,N,N′-(1,4-phenylenedicarbonyl)diglycine and phenanthroline molecules. These non-covalent interactions give rise to a three-dimensional supramolecular network.
Crystal structures of diiodidobis[(1S,5S)-4-mesityl-1,2,8,8-tetramethyl-2,4-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-ylidene-κC3]palladium(IV) and dichlorido[(1S,5S)-4-mesityl-1,2,8,8-tetramethyl-2,4-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-ylidene-κC3](triphenylphosphane-κP)palladium(IV)
Authors: Rais Eduard , Flörke Ulrich , Wilhelm René
Published: July 2015

The molecular structures of the chiral title compounds, [Pd(C19H28N2)2I2], (I), and [Pd(C19H28N2)Cl2(C18H15P)], (II), show a distorted square-planar coordination around the PdIIatoms with two halogenide (Hal) ligands each and two N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands in (I) or one NHC and one triphenylphosphane ligand in (II). The deviations of the PdIIatoms from theL2Hal2best plane (L= NHC or triphenylphosphane ligand) are 0.206 (1) Å for (I) and 0.052 (1) Å for (II). The crystal packings exhibit intermolecular C—H...Hal hydrogen bonds.
Using the kaleidoscope career model to analyze female CEOs’ experiences in sport organizations
Authors: Shaw Sally , Leberman Sarah
Published: July 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this research is to examine the experiences of female CEOs in New Zealand sport using a career account approach overlaid with the Kaleidoscope Career Model (KCM). This research focuses on their successful careers, rather than constraints and barriers, which is a feature of much previous research in the area.

Design/methodology/approach

– Semi-structured interviews and analysis were informed by the principles of the KCM of career authenticity, balance and challenge. Seven chief executive officers in New Zealand sport organizations were interviewed. Data analysis was undertaken through a three-step coding process.

Findings

– Respondents highlighted the importance of authenticity, balance and challenge in different ways. The KCM model is extended by identifying sub-themes within each principle. These were, under authenticity, passion and relationship-building; under balance, self-awareness and influencing the organization; and under challenge, taking opportunities and working in sport’s gendered environment. Findings indicate that a more nuanced development of KCM is required and that decision-makers in sport organizations need to be aware of the varied drivers of women’s positive experiences.

Research limitations/implications

– This research contributes to an understanding of successful women’s careers, rather than focusing on barriers to success. It also extends the KCM. Future research is necessary to examine the viability of our suggested extensions to the KCM.

Practical implications

– While not generalizable, this study’s findings suggest that sport organization decision-makers would be well advised to understand the unique ways in which authenticity, balance and challenge are understood by their female employees. This may encourage organizations to look more closely at their cultures to ensure that they are more welcoming and supportive to women in a male-dominated industry.

Originality/value

– This research contributes to an understanding of successful women’s careers, rather than focusing on barriers to success. It also extends the KCM. Future research is necessary to examine the viability of our suggested extensions to the KCM.
Wild and banal: the value of the arts as commons
Authors: Johanson Katya
Published: July 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to identify the value of the arts play in public spaces in replicating a contemporary commons.

Design/methodology/approach

– The study is an exploratory investigation which uses a case study of cultural events in public parks – the Vancouver Parks Board’s fieldhouse residency program (2012-2015). The study uses content analysis of the social media sites created for these projects to identify how the sites and the cultural events were valued by stakeholders and participants.

Findings

– The paper finds that, in combination, the park events and the social media discussion of them function as a form of the commons, in which new urban communities are formed or defined around specific common social interests.

Research limitations/implications

– The paper finds that, in combination, the park events and the reflective engagement prompted by the social media discussion of them function as a form of the commons, in which new urban communities are formed or defined around specific common social interests.

Practical implications

– It is anticipated that cultural programs will increasingly interact with common public places.

Social implications

– The study supports the increased use of and recognition of public places as culturally significant.

Originality/value

– The study aims to encourage the expansion of arts and cultural policy and programs to incorporate common public places.
Le complémentaire des puissances -ièmes dans un corps de nombres est un ensemble diophantien
Authors: Colliot-Thélène Jean-Louis , Van Geel Jan
Published: July 2015

For $n=2$ the statement in the title is a theorem of B. Poonen (2009). He uses a one-parameter family of varieties together with a theorem of Coray, Sansuc and one of the authors (1980), on the Brauer–Manin obstruction for rational points on these varieties. For $n=p$, $p$ any prime number, A. Várilly-Alvarado and B. Viray (2012) considered analogous families of varieties. Replacing this family by its $(2p+1)$th symmetric power, we prove the statement in the title using a theorem on the Brauer–Manin obstruction for rational points on such symmetric powers. The latter theorem is based on work of one of the authors with Swinnerton-Dyer (1994) and with Skorobogatov and Swinnerton-Dyer (1998), work generalising results of Salberger (1988).
Nonlinear response to a click in a time-domain model of the mammalian ear
Authors: Meaud Julien , Lemons Charlsie
Published: July 2015

In this paper, a state-space implementation of a previously developed frequency-domain model of the cochlea is coupled to a lumped parameter model of the middle ear. After validation of the time-domain model by comparison of its steady-state response to results obtained with a frequency-domain formulation, the nonlinear response of the cochlea to clicks is investigated. As observed experimentally, a compressive nonlinearity progressively develops within the first few cycles of the response of the basilar membrane (BM). Furthermore, a time-frequency analysis shows that the instantaneous frequency of the BM response to a click progressively approaches the characteristic frequency. This phenomenon, called glide, is predicted at all stimulus intensities, as in experiments. In typical experiments with sensitive animals, the click response is characterized by a long ringing and the response envelope includes several lobes. In order to achieve similar results, inhomogeneities are introduced in the cochlear model. Simulations demonstrate the strong link between characteristics of the frequency response, such as dispersion and frequency-dependent nonlinearity, and characteristics of the time-domain response, such as the glide and a time-dependent nonlinearity. The progressive buildup of cochlear nonlinearity in response to a click is shown to be a consequence of the glide and of frequency-dependent nonlinearity.
Effects of indoor rattle sounds on annoyance caused by sonic booms
Authors: Rathsam Jonathan , Loubeau Alexandra , Klos Jacob
Published: July 2015

To expand national air transportation capabilities, NASA's Commercial Supersonic Technology Project is working to make supersonic flight practical for commercial passengers. As an aid in designing and certifying quiet supersonic aircraft, a noise metric is sought that will correspond to indoor annoyance caused by sonic booms, including the effects of indoor rattle sounds. This study examines how well several common aircraft noise metrics predict indoor annoyance based on the indoor and outdoor sound fields. The results suggest notional community annoyance models that include the effects of indoor rattle sounds.
Time reversal transfer: Exploring the robustness of time reversed acoustics in media with geometry perturbations
Authors: Kober Jan , Dvorakova Zuzana , Prevorovsky Zdenek , Krofta Josef
Published: July 2015

In this letter, fundamentals of transferring a time reversal experiment between similar objects are discussed. The time reversal experiment consists of two steps: forward propagation, when a source excites the medium and a complex wave field is created, and back propagation, resulting in time reversal focusing. Here the procedure of performing the first step on one specimen and the second step on another is investigated. The theory of time reversal transfer is explained on an example of object shape variations. However, conclusions of the theoretical analysis are applicable universally. The feasibility of the proposed procedure is validated in experiments modeling conditions in practice.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Highly Virulent Rabbit Staphylococcus aureus Strain
Authors: Német Zoltán , Albert Ervin , Nagy Tibor , Olasz Ferenc , Barta Endre , Kiss János , Dán Ádám , Bányai Krisztián , Hermans Katleen , Biksi Imre
Published: July 2015

We report the draft genome sequence of
Staphylococcus aureus
Sp17, a typical highly virulent (HV) rabbit strain. As current medicine apparently fails to effectively reduce disease and economical losses caused by this organism, it is essential to gain better insight on its genomic arrangement.
Complete Genome Sequences of Serotype O Foot-and-Mouth Disease Viruses Recovered from Experimental Persistently Infected Cattle
Authors: Parthiban AravindhBabu R. , Mahapatra Mana , Parida Satya
Published: July 2015

For the first time, the complete genome sequences of the six serotype O foot-and-mouth disease viruses from persistently infected carrier cattle are reported here. No consistent amino acid changes were found in these viruses obtained from persistently infected cattle compared with the complete genome of the parent virus that was used to infect the cattle.
Draft Genome Sequence of Microvirga vignae Strain BR 3299
T
, a Novel Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Alphaproteobacterium Isolated from a Brazilian Semiarid Region
Authors: Zilli Jerri Edson , Passos Samuel Ribeiro , Leite Jakson , Xavier Gustavo Ribeiro , Rumjaneck Norma Gouvea , Simoes-Araujo Jean Luiz
Published: July 2015

Microvirga vignae
is a recently described species of root-nodule bacteria isolated from cowpeas grown in a Brazilian semiarid region. We report here the 6.4-Mb draft genome sequence and annotation of
M. vignae
type strain BR 3299. This genome information may help to understand the mechanisms underlying the ability of the organism to grow under drought and high-temperatures conditions.
Complete Genome Sequence of Tomato Mosaic Virus Isolated from Jasmine in the United States
Authors: Fillmer Kornelia , Adkins Scott , Pongam Patchara , D’Elia Tom
Published: July 2015

Tomato mosaic virus was reported from jasmine in Florida. We present the first complete genome sequence of a tomato mosaic virus isolate from this woody perennial plant in the United States.
Complete Genome Sequence of Pragia fontium 24613, an Environmental Bacterium from the Family
Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Snopková Kateřina , Sedlář Karel , Bosák Juraj , Chaloupková Eva , Provazník Ivo , Šmajs David
Published: July 2015

The complete genome sequence of
Pragia fontium
24613 was determined using PacBio RSII, Roche 454, and SOLiD sequencing. A total of 3,579 genes were predicted, including 3,338 protein-coding sequences and 146 pseudogenes. This is the first whole-genome sequence of a strain belonging to the environmental genera of the family
Enterobacteriaceae
.
Full-Genome Sequence of a Novel Varicella-Zoster Virus Clade Isolated in Mexico
Authors: Garcés-Ayala Fabiola , Rodríguez-Castillo Araceli , Ortiz-Alcántara Joanna María , Gonzalez-Durán Elizabeth , Segura-Candelas José Miguel , Pérez-Agüeros Sandra Ivette , Escobar-Escamilla Noé , Méndez-Tenorio Alfonso , Diaz-Quiñonez José Alberto , Ramirez-González José Ernesto
Published: July 2015

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a member of the
Herpesviridae
family, which causes varicella (chicken pox) and herpes zoster (shingles) in humans. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of varicella-zoster virus, isolated from a vesicular fluid sample, revealing the circulation of VZV clade VIII in Mexico.
Whole-Genome Sequences of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Sharing the Same Sequence Type (ST410) and Isolated from Human and Avian Sources in Italy
Authors: Giufré Maria , Accogli Marisa , Graziani Caterina , Busani Luca , Cerquetti Marina
Published: July 2015

Extraintestinal pathogenic
Escherichia coli
(ExPEC) is involved in a wide spectrum of human diseases. Chickens have been suggested as reservoirs for fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant ExPEC strains. Here, we report the whole-genome sequences of 4
E. coli
strains sharing the same sequence type (ST) (ST410) and that were isolated from human and avian sources in Italy.
Draft Genome Sequences of the Two Unrelated Macrolide-Resistant Corynebacterium argentoratense Strains CNM 463/05 and CNM 601/08, Isolated from Patients in the University Hospital of León, Spain
Authors: Fernández-Natal Maria Isabel , Soriano Francisco , Acedo Alberto , Hernandez Marta , Tauch Andreas , Rodríguez-Lázaro David
Published: July 2015

Corynebacterium argentoratense
has been associated mainly with infections in the human respiratory tract. Genome sequencing of two unrelated clinical macrolide-resistant strains, CNM 463/05 and CNM 601/08, revealed the presence of the antibiotic resistance gene
erm
(X) allocated to a specific genomic region with 100% similarity to the widely distributed transposable element Tn
5432.
Complete Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma hominis Strain Sprott (ATCC 33131), Isolated from a Patient with Nongonococcal Urethritis
Authors: Calcutt Michael J. , Foecking Mark F.
Published: July 2015

Presented here is the complete and annotated genome sequence of
Mycoplasma hominis
Sprott (ATCC 33131). The chromosome comprises 695,214 bp, which is approximately 30 kb larger than the syntenic genome of
M. hominis
PG21
T
. Tetracycline resistance of strain Sprott is most probably conferred by the
tetM
determinant, harbored on a mosaic transposon-like structure.
Transarterial embolisation of a large focal nodular hyperplasia, using microspheres, in a paediatric patient
Authors: Oliveira Catarina , Gil-Agostinho Alfredo , Gonçalves Isabel , Noruegas Maria José
Published: July 2015

Benign liver tumours are uncommon in children, haemangiomas being the most frequent. Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) represents about 2% of paediatric liver tumours. In children, as in adults, a conservative approach is generally recommended. However, large lesions (greater than 5 cm) are more frequent in the paediatric age group, and in these cases, as well as in growing lesions, surgical removal may be advised. Transarterial embolisation (TAE) has been a successful alternative option described in older patients, especially in cases where surgical removal is not possible. This minimally invasive procedure may also become an option in the paediatric group. The authors report the case of a boy with a large FNH treated with TAE using microspheres.
To tweet or not to tweet about schizophrenia systematic reviews (TweetSz): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jayaram Mahesh , Bodart Angelique Y M , Sampson Stephanie , Zhao Sai , Montgomery Alan A , Adams Clive E
Published: July 2015

Introduction

The Cochrane Schizophrenia Group (CSzG) has produced and maintained systematic reviews of effects of interventions for schizophrenia and related illness. Each review has a Plain Language Summary (PLS), for those without specialised knowledge, and an abstract, which are freely available from The Cochrane Library (https://summaries.cochrane.org). Increasingly, evidence is being distributed using social media such as Twitter and Weibo (in China) alongside traditional publications.

Methods and analysis

In a prospective two-arm, parallel, open randomised controlled trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio, we will allocate 170 published systematic reviews into the intervention group (tweeting arm/Weibo arm) versus the control group (non-tweeting arm). Reviews will be stratified by baseline access activity, defined as high (≥19 views per week, n=14), medium (4.3 to 18.99 views per week, n=72) or low (<4.3 views per week, n=84), based on Google Analytics, which will also be used for evaluating outcomes. The intervention group will have three tweets daily using Hootsuite with a slightly different accompanying text (written by CEA and AB) and a shortened Uniform Resource Locator (URL) to the PLS: a) The review title as it appears in summaries.cochrane.org, b) A pertinent extract from results or discussion sections of the abstract and c) An intriguing question or pithy statement related to the evidence in the abstract. The primary outcome will be: total number of visits to a PLS in 7 days following the tweet. Secondary outcomes will include % new visits, bounce rate, pages per visit, visit duration, page views, unique page views, time on page, entrances, exiting behaviour and country distribution.

Ethics and dissemination

This study does not involve living participants, and uses information available in the public domain. Participants arepublished systematic reviews,hence, no ethical approval is required. Dissemination will be via Twitter, Weibo and traditional academic means.

Trial registration number

ISRCTN84658943.
Resveratrol prevents insulin resistance caused by short-term elevation of free fatty acids in vivo
Authors: Pereira Sandra , Park Edward , Moore Jessy , Faubert Brandon , Breen Danna M. , Oprescu Andrei I. , Nahle Ashraf , Kwan Denise , Giacca Adria , Tsiani Evangelia
Published: July 2015

Elevated levels of plasma free fatty acids (FFA), which are commonly found in obesity, induce insulin resistance. FFA activate protein kinases including the proinflammatory IκBα kinase β (IKKβ), leading to serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and impaired insulin signaling. To test whether resveratrol, a polyphenol found in red wine, prevents FFA-induced insulin resistance, we used a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with a tracer to assess hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in overnight-fasted Wistar rats infused for 7 h with saline, Intralipid plus 20 U·mL−1 heparin (IH; triglyceride emulsion that elevates FFA levels in vivo; 5.5 μL·min−1) with or without resveratrol (3 mg·kg−1·h−1), or resveratrol alone. Infusion of IH significantly decreased glucose infusion rate (GIR; P < 0.05) and peripheral glucose utilization (P < 0.05) and increased endogenous glucose production (EGP; P < 0.05) during the clamp compared with saline infusion. Resveratrol co-infusion, however, completely prevented the effects induced by IH infusion: it prevented the decreases in GIR (P < 0.05 vs. IH), peripheral glucose utilization (P < 0.05 vs. IH), and insulin-induced suppression of EGP (P < 0.05 vs. IH). Resveratrol alone had no effect. Furthermore, IH infusion increased serine (307) phosphorylation of IRS-1 in soleus muscle (∼30-fold, P < 0.001), decreased total IRS-1 levels, and decreased IκBα content, consistent with activation of IKKβ. Importantly, all of these effects were abolished by resveratrol (P < 0.05 vs. IH). These results suggest that resveratrol prevents FFA-induced hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance and, therefore, may help mitigate the health consequences of obesity.
Changes in nuclear receptor corepressor RIP140 do not influence mitochondrial content in the cortex
Authors: Herbst Eric A.F. , Bonen Arend , Holloway Graham P.
Published: July 2015

Changes in nuclear receptor interacting protein 140 (RIP140) influences mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle; however, the translation of these findings to the brain has not been investigated. The present study examined the impact of overexpressing and ablating RIP140 on mitochondrial content in muscle and the cortex through examining mRNA, mtDNA, and mitochondrial protein content. Our results show that changes in RIP140 expression significantly alters markers of mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle but not the brain.
Income inequality in the 21st century — A biased summary of Piketty’s capital in the twenty-first century
Authors: Stauffer Dietrich
Published: July 2015

Capital usually leads to income and income is more accurately and easily measured. Thus, we summarize income distributions in USA, Germany, etc.
A multi-layer model for self-propelled disks interacting through alignment and volume exclusion
Authors: Degond Pierre , Navoret Laurent
Published: July 2015

We present an individual-based model describing disk-like self-propelled particles moving inside parallel planes. The disk directions of motion follow alignment rules inside each layer. Additionally, the disks are subject to interactions with those of the neighboring layers arising from volume exclusion constraints. These interactions affect the disk inclinations with respect to the plane of motion. We formally derive a macroscopic model composed of planar self-organized hydrodynamic (SOH) models describing the transport of mass and evolution of mean direction of motion of the disks in each plane, supplemented with transport equations for the mean disk inclination. These planar models are coupled due to the interactions with the neighboring planes. Numerical comparisons between the individual-based and macroscopic models are carried out. These models could be applicable, for instance, to describe sperm-cell collective dynamics.
Cooperation dynamics of polycentric climate governance
Authors: Vasconcelos Vítor V. , Santos Francisco C. , Pacheco Jorge M.
Published: July 2015

Global coordination for the preservation of a common good, such as climate, is one of the most prominent challenges of modern societies. In this manuscript, we use the framework of evolutionary game theory to investigate whether a polycentric structure of multiple small-scale agreements provides a viable solution to solve global dilemmas as climate change governance. We review a stochastic model which incorporates a threshold game of collective action and the idea of risky goods, capturing essential features unveiled in recent experiments. We show how reducing uncertainty both in terms of the perception of disaster and in terms of goals induce a transition to cooperation. Taking into account wealth inequality, we explore the impact of the homophily, potentially present in the network of influence of the rich and the poor, in the different contributions of the players. Finally, we discuss the impact of polycentric sanctioning institutions, showing how such a scenario also proves to be more efficient than a single global institution.
Synthesis and biological distribution study of a new carbon-11 labeled porphyrin for PET imaging. Photochemical and biological characterization of the non-labeled porphyrin
Authors: Gonçalves Nuno P. F. , Simões Ana V. C. , Abreu Artur R. , Abrunhosa Antero J. , Dąbrowski Janusz M. , Pereira Mariette M.
Published: July 2015

Ideal reaction conditions were found to promote the "cold" monomethylation of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin with CH 3 I , at minute time scale, in the presence of base. The photophysical characterization, cellular uptake and dark cytotoxicity of the resulting monomethylated porphyrin were appraised. Moreover, the syntheses of the corresponding labeled porphyrin, using short-lived carbon-11, prepared in the automated radiolabeling system were efficiently performed. The purification of the labeled product was achieved via preparative HPLC with high radiochemical purity and specific radioactivity. Preliminary studies on the biodistribution of 5,10,15-tris(3-hydroxyphenyl)-20-(3-[11C]methoxyphenyl)porphyrin carried out in a BALB/C normal mouse, using PET imaging, showed that the liver is the main pathway for excretion.
Monomial deformations of certain hypersurfaces and two hypergeometric functions
Authors: Miyatani Kazuaki
Published: July 2015

The purpose of this paper is to give an explicit description, in terms of hypergeometric functions over finite fields, of the zeta functions of certain smooth hypersurfaces that generalize the Dwork family. The key point here is that we count the number of rational points employing both the techniques of character sums and the theory of weights, which enables us to enlighten the calculation of the zeta function.
Electrochemical Immunosensor for Carcinoembryonic Antigen Detection Based on Mo–Mn3O4/MWCNTs/Chits Nanocomposite Modified ITO Electrode
Authors: Li Wen-Ting , Wang Yu , Deng Fen-Fang , Liu Li-Li , Nan Hai-Jun , Li He
Published: July 2015

A novel electrochemical immunosensor for determination of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in human serum was fabricated by depositing Mo–Mn3O4/MWCNTs/Chits nanocomposite onto an indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrode. Mo-doped Mn3O4 (MMO) was synthesized by sol–gel method and the presence of molybdenum improved its electrochemical properties. The MMO/MWCNTs/Chits nanocomposite could accelerate the electron transfer rate and enlarge the surface area to capture a large number of Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA). The factors influencing the performance of the immunosensor were investigated, such as incubation time, incubation temperature and pH. Under optimal conditions, the electrochemical immunosensor could detect CEA in a linear range from 0.1[Formula: see text]ng[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mL[Formula: see text] to 125[Formula: see text]ng[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mL[Formula: see text] with a detection limit of 4.9[Formula: see text]pg[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mL[Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]). In addition, it exhibited high sensitivity and acceptable stability on a promising immobilization platform for signal amplification, which could be extended to other labeled recognition systems. This electrochemical immunosensor may provide potential applications for the clinical diagnosis.
Structure, Optical and Formaldehyde Sensing Properties of Co-Precipitated Fe-Doped WO3 Nanomaterials
Authors: Upadhyay S. B. , Sahay P. P.
Published: July 2015

Co-precipitated undoped and Fe-doped WO3 nanomaterials have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy in order to study the influence of Fe doping in their structural and morphological properties. The synthesized WO3 nanomaterials have been found to possess monoclinic structure having average crystallite sizes 15–20[Formula: see text]nm. The diffuse reflectance spectroscopy shows the optical bandgap [Formula: see text]2.85[Formula: see text]eV. The 1.8 at.% Fe-doped WO3 exhibits selective high response to formaldehyde over methanol, ethanol, propan-2-ol and acetone. It exhibits the maximum response ([Formula: see text]80%) to formaldehyde at the operating temperature of 225[Formula: see text]C for 50[Formula: see text]ppm concentration in air.
EECache
Authors: Cheng Hsiang-Yun , Poremba Matt , Shahidi Narges , Stalev Ivan , Irwin Mary Jane , Kandemir Mahmut , Sampson Jack , Xie Yuan
Published: July 2015

Power management for large last-level caches (LLCs) is important in chip multiprocessors (CMPs), as the leakage power of LLCs accounts for a significant fraction of the limited on-chip power budget. Since not all workloads running on CMPs need the entire cache, portions of a large, shared LLC can be disabled to save energy. In this article, we explore different design choices, from circuit-level cache organization to microarchitectural management policies, to propose a low-overhead runtime mechanism for energy reduction in the large, shared LLC. We first introduce a slice-based cache organization that can shut down parts of the shared LLC with minimal circuit overhead. Based on this slice-based organization, part of the shared LLC can be turned off according to the spatial and temporal cache access behavior captured by low-overhead sampling-based hardware. In order to eliminate the performance penalties caused by flushing data before powering off a cache slice, we propose data migration policies to prevent the loss of useful data in the LLC. Results show that our energy-efficient cache design (EECache) provides 14.1% energy savings at only 1.2% performance degradation and consumes negligible hardware overhead compared to prior work.
Experience
Authors: Zarraga-Rodriguez Marta , Alvarez M. Jesus
Published: July 2015

Information is a strategic company resource, but there is no consensus in the literature regarding the set of dimensions to be considered when measuring the quality of the information. Most measures of information quality depend on user perception. Using multiple correlation analysis, we obtain a model that allows us to explain how information quality dimensions influence information consumers’ overall feeling of being well informed. A set of dimensions that any measure of information quality should at least include is proposed. This exploratory study reports the results of a research survey among managers of companies committed to quality management within the framework of a Total Quality Management (TQM) model, which is an information-intensive management model.
Contech
Authors: Railing Brian P. , Hein Eric R. , Conte Thomas M.
Published: July 2015

Parallel programs can be characterized by task graphs encoding instructions, memory accesses, and the parallel work’s dependencies, while representing any threading library and architecture. This article presents Contech, a high performance framework for generating dynamic task graphs from arbitrary parallel programs, and a novel representation enabling programmers and compiler optimizations to understand and exploit program aspects. The Contech framework supports a variety of languages (including C, C++, and Fortran), parallelization libraries, and ISAs (including × 86 and ARM). Running natively for collection speed and minimizing program perturbation, the instrumentation shows 4 × improvement over a Pin-based implementation on PARSEC and NAS benchmarks.
An Ontology-based Co-creation Enhancing System for Idea Recommendation in an Online Community
Authors: Yoo Donghee , Choi Keunho , Lee Hanjun , Suh Yongmoo
Published: July 2015

Companies have been collecting innovative ideas that can help them to develop new products and services through co-creation with their customers. As more customers participate in suggesting ideas, companies are likely to acquire more valuable ones. At the same time, however, some fundamental problems occur such as managing and selecting useful ideas from a large number of collected ideas. Semantic web mining techniques allow us to manage a large number of customers' ideas effectively, extract meaningful information from the ideas, and provide useful information for idea selection. In order to cope with such problems and enhance the value of co-creation, we propose an ontology-based co-creation enhancing system (OnCES) developed using semantic web mining techniques. To this end, we 1) defined a co-creation idea ontology (CCIO) that includes common concepts related to customers' ideas from MyStarbucksIdea.com, their attributes, and relationships between them; 2) transformed the customers' ideas into semantic data in RDF format according to the CCIO; 3) conducted text mining to extract new knowledge from the ideas such as keywords, the number of positive words, the number of negative words, and the sentiment score; and 4) built prediction models using keywords and other features such as those about customer and idea in order to predict the adoptability of each idea. The results of text mining and prediction analysis were also added to the semantic data. We implemented the OnCES system, which provides useful services such as idea navigation, idea recommendation, semantic information retrieval, and idea clustering, utilizing the stored semantic data while saving the time and effort required to process a huge number of customers' ideas.