bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The potential for heavy metal pollution in crops from urban and peri urban horticultural farms in the Gaborone environs: a review
Authors: Obuseng L.C
Published: February 2020

The introduction of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) is usually characterized by high input intensity. This intensive use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, wastewater, sludges and industrial effluents may lead to accumulation of potentially toxic metals in the soil, increasing the geological background levels and exceeding the capacity to immobilize them. Besides being environmental pollutants of which the toxicity is a problem of increasing significance for ecological reasons, heavy metal accumulation in the food chain is highly dangerous for human health. The objective of this review was to highlight the potential problems that may arise as a consequence of irrigating crops with sewage water as well as using fertilizers and pesticides. A review of literature has shown that different types of fertilizers contain some quantities of heavy metals that may buildup in the soil as well as be taken up by crops. In addition to using fertilizers, the use of treated and sometimes partially treated and untreated water by UPA farmers around Gaborone may lead to heavy metal accumulation in soil as well as in crops, posing a danger to human beings. In Botswana there is limited information concerning heavy metal accumulation in soils even though there is a high use of agrochemicals in vegetable production in UPA land use systems. Lack of such information necessitates research on the impact of the application of fertilizer, sewage water (treated and untreated) and metal-based pesticides on the quality of the vegetable produce coming from UPA.
Classification, description and mapping of the vegetation in Khutse Game Reserve, Botswana
Authors: Lori T
Published: February 2020

There is currently no detailed classification and description of plant communities in Khutse Game Reserve (KGR), Botswana, using phytosociological techniques. The main aim of this study was to classify and describe plant communities in KGR. Classification and description of plant communities will help in understanding the plant ecology of KGR. Braun-Blanquet sampling method was applied in 91 stratified random relevés. Nine plant communities were identified and classified using Modified TWINSPAN which is contained in JUICE program. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in percentage cover of herbaceous plants between the different plant communities. Schmidtia pappophoroides-Stipagrostis uniplumis and Heliotropium lineare-Enneapogon desvauxii communities had higher cover (%) of herbaceous plants than other communities. Catophractes alexandri-Stipagrostis uniplumis community had the highest cover (%) of shrubs. There was no statistically significant difference in plant species diversity (Shannon-Wienner Index) and species evenness between plant communities, but there was a statistically significant difference in plant species richness between the different plant communities. Dichrostachys cinerea-Grewia flava community, Senegalia mellifera subsp. detinens-Maytenus species community and Catophractes alexandri-Stipagrostis uniplumis community had lower number of species, whereas Vachellia luederitzii var. retinens-Grewia flava community had the highest number (46) of plant species. This study will help the Department of Wildlife and National Parks (DWNP) to develop an updated and informed Management Plan for the reserve, which takes cognizance of the plant ecology of the reserve.
The effect of treating growing gilts with either Ractopamine or Reporcin on pork characteristics
Authors: Mareko M.H.D.
Published: February 2020

The pork industry is constantly seeking economical and sustainable strategies that will improve production efficiencies and meat quality. Such successful improvements will be of value even here in Botswana to improve food security. The evaluation of pork characteristics after use of these strategies is important. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of a beta-agonist (BA - Ractopamine) and porcine growth hormone (rpGH - Reporcin) on the pork characteristics of the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of adult gilts (starting weights of 85+5kg) treated for 27 days under three treatment groups (15 animals per treatment group). The control group was fed a standard commercial diet ad-libitum, while the beta-agonist (BA) group were also fed ad-libitum the standard commercial diet containing Ractopamine (20mg/kg) and the growth hormone (rpGH) group were fed the commercial diet ad-libitum and administered Reporcin (10mg) intramuscularly every other day until the day before slaughter. No significant differences were observed between treatment groups regarding the gilts’ carcass weights after 27 days of treatment (control – 81.98kg; BA – 86.97kg and rpHG – 84.51kg). However, LD muscle from gilts of the growth hormone (1.569%) and Ractopamine (1.502%) groups had significantly lower lipid content compared to the control group at 1.873% (p <0.001), but no significant differences were observed between groups regarding fatty acid profiles. The two growth promoters can thus be locally adopted for use to improve feed utilization, pork production and to lower lipid content in pork of growing gilts without deleteriously affecting fatty acid composition.
DETERMINATION OF THE FRACTIONAL COMPOSITION OF SEEDS BY PHOTO IMAGE
Authors: Aliyev Yelchin , Yaropud Vitaliy
Published: February 2020

The shape and size of seeds are some of the most important agronomic traits, as they affect yield, quality and market price. Therefore, such branches of science as genetics, functional analysis, and genomics, which contribute to increasing yields, study programs for crossing plants with various morphological and marker characters. Therefore, there is a need for effective, reliable and high-performance methods of seed phenotyping. The shape of the seeds can be evaluated in two ways. A simple way is to measure the length and width of seeds using a hand-held measuring tool (ruler, caliper, micrometer, etc.). However, manual methods limit the amount of data, the quality of measurements, and the variety of forms. On the contrary, computational methods using digital imaging technology can make it possible to automatically measure various shape parameters at very small sizes in high-resolution images. The aim of the research is to substantiate the algorithm and develop appropriate software for determining the fractional composition of seeds from a photo image. As a result of the studies, a justified algorithm was developed and the corresponding software was developed for determining the fractional composition of seeds from photo images based on its conversion from 24-bit (full color) to 1-bit (black and white) using the segmentation method, processing based on morphological operations and with using the Kenny border detector and the Hough transform to automatically determine the contour of each seed in a 1-bit image, followed by calculating the length L, width B, area S, and perimeter length P seed
RESEARCH OF THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF THE MAIN CYLINDER OF THE HYDRAULIC PRESS
Authors: Nemchynov Serhii , Nachovnyy Illya , Khristenko Alexander , Babenko Vasyl
Published: February 2020

In the article the stress-strain state of the main cylinder of the hydraulic press for the manufacturing of large-sized plastic products has been investigated using software of finite-element analysis. It is established that the stress-strain state is characterized by a general and local uneven distribution of stresses and displacements. The nature of the distribution of stresses, deformations, displacements, safety factors along the length of the cylinder allowed conditionally divide the cylinder into three characteristic zones: flange zone, Lame zone, bottom zone. In each of the zones we found the areas in which the maximum stresses and strains are observed. It was found that the maximum equivalent stresses calculated according to the Huber-Mises energy theory of strength are observed on the inner surface of the cylinder, and in their fillets in the zones of the bottom and flange. A comparative analysis of the stresses and displacements determined by the Lame formulas and the finite element method showed that in the Lame zone their values do not change significantly. Studies on the influence of the radius, which varied over a wide range, and the fillet angle, made it possible to establish the region of maximum principal and equivalent stresses and reduce their magnitude. The calculations revealed the fillet region in which the axial tensile stresses act and determine the fillet angle at which the axial stresses are equal in magnitude and sign The study allowed to change the geometry of the cylinder, reduce the stress in the cylinder fillet and its weight. The results of the study can be applied to improve the existing and design of new hydraulic presses of the chemical industry, as well as the basis for further research.
On the substantiation of the effectiveness of air-centrifugal separation and dust cleaning of seed heap of herbs after the grate device
Authors: Igor Tverdokhlib , Anatoly Spirin
Published: February 2020

The agrobiological and physico-mechanical properties of leguminous seed plants do not allow them to be harvested without loss exclusively by combine technologies. One way to increase the productivity of the seed production process is to include stationary machines in the assembly technology for wiping and separating seed heaps. Combining these important operations with one machine will further increase the efficiency of legume seed production technologies. This work is devoted to considering ways to increase the efficiency of air-centrifugal separation and dust cleaning seed heaps.
A review of recent studies and publications has shown that there is a sufficient methodological basis for determining the parameters of the process of separation of the heap and purification of the exhaust air. An analysis of the publications made it possible to determine the purpose of the research, which is to increase the efficiency of the grater-separation unit by substantiating its scheme and the method of theoretical determination of the parameters of the separation process.
According to the results of previous studies, a structural scheme of the grater-separating device is proposed. The main elements of the block are a grater device, which consists of a motionless and movable corrugated discs of the separating device with separate channels for the exit of seeds, straw part of the heap, air.
To increase the efficiency of the cleaning process, a blade swirler and a louvre nozzle are placed in the separating device, which provide the air flow with rotational movement around the axis of the cyclone body.
In theoretical studies of the motion of particles in a rotational air flow, the simplified assumption was adopted: the particles are spherical, do not deform, and do not interact with each other, the inertia force is directed along the radius of the cyclonic chamber, the tangential and axial components of the particle velocity are equal to the corresponding components of the air velocity, and the particle resistance force determined by the Stokes law, the force of attraction is much less than the centrifugal force, so we neglect it.
The obtained formulas allow one to approximately determine the parameters of the cyclone device that will ensure the separation of the seeds of legumes.
TECHNOLOGICAL REVIEW OF USE OF BIOENERGY POTENTIAL OF GARDENS AND LANDS OF FOREST FUND
Authors: Ludmila Shvets
Published: February 2020

While we are struggling for energy independence and solving issues related to reducing heat loss, practical Europeans make full use of the biomaterial at hand to heat their own homes, office buildings, and even small businesses. For heating, fuel briquettes are used, which many Ukrainians still call «Eurodrova». Today, the production of fuel briquettes is a good profitable business, which you can do not only in the heating season, but throughout the calendar year.
There is one positive feature in fuel briquettes, due to which more and more customers will appear every day: at a relatively low cost (wood waste is used), briquettes give a heat transfer of 19 MJ / kg, while firewood gives only 10 MJ / kg . With this calorific value, customers will need much less fuel to heat.
At present, due to the difficult financial situation in the state, the undesirable vegetation in the form of shrubs that have flooded villages, fields and highways has become a big problem for society. Thus, the high-quality removal of unwanted vegetation is a relevant topic today.
Felling shrubs and green spaces is a necessity that often occurs when “modernizing” a garden, putting in order on abandoned sites, clearing the area for construction, proper maintenance near roads and plantings in parks and botanical gardens, and also when landscaping in large cities and suburbs.
For this purpose, a machine for cutting and chopping wood pulp was developed, with a trailed and mounted unit, which will allow collecting raw materials for wood chips, which can be used in the production of fuel briquettes, pallets for burning in boilers.
Features of realization of process of peeling of a nut shell between a plate and a spherical insert
Authors: Yurii Polievoda
Published: February 2020

The profitability of walnut cultivation and processing was investigated in the paper, both on small farms and large agricultural enterprises. The demand for walnuts in Ukraine and abroad was investigated. Theoretical studies of the dynamics of nut crop growth in the territory of our country were conducted. The tendency to increase domestic production of walnuts in the future is established.

Among the most important areas of the organization of the process of purification of this raw material is noted the process of chopping (crushing) of its shell. Applying a constructive implementation of a vibrating machine «GMK-350» for the process of mechanical cleavage of the shell of a walnut were carried out studies of the influence of the working body (plate and spherical insert) on the technological and energy parameters of the process taking into account the quality of the processed product (the integrity of the core).

The article analyzes the process of shelling of walnuts between the plate and the spherical insert. Graphical correlations between the size of the shell deformation and the dynamics of change of the driving force of change at different nut humidity and shell thickness are analyzed.

The scheme of driving forces in the area of contact between the nut and the ring is drawn up and analyzed.

The graphical dependences of the maximum crushing force on the bevel of the rings according to different shell thickness are presented; variations of the maximum crushing force depending on the humidity of the nuts for different thicknesses of the nut shell.

It is established that, theoretically, the coefficient of friction increases as the angle of inclination of the ring increases. It is established that the crushing force of a walnut shell depends less on the friction coefficient and more on the contact surface.
TEOLOGI PEMBEBASAN MENURUT GUSTAVO GUTIERREZ DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI PERSOALAN KEMISKINAN
Authors: Ngabalin Marthinus
Published: February 2020

Gerakan kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab diutamakan dalam Teologi Pembebasan. Sebab tempat berpijak teologi ini adalah praksis historis berpijak pada kenyataan yang terjadi dalam masyarakat. Gutierrez memberikan pendasaran teologi pada realita yang nyata sebuah pokok yang digumulinya yaitu masalah kemiskinan. Disadari bahwa kemiskinan, menjadi bagian dari pokok pergumulan setiap masyarakat, termasuk di Papua. Oleh sebab itu, gereja mesti hadir dan turut memberikan kontribusi dalam hal kemiskinan bukan hanya pada persoalan material tetapi juga masalah spiritual
Politisasi Doa: Menalar Pilihan Politik Abraham Terhadap Sodom
Authors: Nayuf Henderikus
Published: February 2020

Doa sering dijadikan sebagai sarana untuk memohon sesuatu kepada Tuhan. Dalam doa, sang pendoa menyampaikan berbagai hal terkait dengan niat, motivasi dan tujuannya berdoa. Dalam meresponi setiap doa, Tuhan memiliki otoritas untuk menjawab atau tidak menjawab doa-doa itu. Ia memiliki kewenangan mutlak yang tidak dapat diintervensi oleh siapa pun.  Abraham menyadari bahwa Sodom dan Gomora berada dalam ambang penghancuran dari Tuhan. Karena itu, tidak ada pilihan lain kecuali memohon kepada Tuhan dalam doa. Pada akhirnya, permohonan Abraham tidak merubah rencana Tuhan menghukum Sodom dan Gomora. Walau demikian, itu tidak menjadi alasan agar Abraham tidak berdoa. Abraham berdoa agar, jika berkenan, Tuhan membatalkan rencana penghancuran Sodom dan Gomora. Dua catatan kritis mewarnai doa Abraham: Abraham berdoa dengan motivasi yang tulus atau sebuah ekpresi politis sebagai wujud keberpihakan kepada Sodom dan Gomora?
Segmentation of Tourists in Cultural Events: The Case of The International Classical Theater Festival of Almagro
Authors: Gomez-Casero Gema , Pérez Gálvez Jesús Claudio , Lopez-Guzmán Tomás , Jara-Alba Carol Angélica
Published: February 2020

Due to the appearance of a large number of festivals in recent years, the competition for attracting the audience is ever increasing, and therefore segmenting the audience attending the festivals is essential. It is a valuable marketing tool for the promotion and understanding of the
characteristics of the segments based on motivations. This article reports on a study performing a segmentation of the tourists who attended a cultural event, namely the Almagro International Festival of Classical Theater. The statistical analysis of the data was done using the SPSS v. 23
computer program. After a factorial analysis and taking the extracted motivational dimensions as reference, the multivariate technique of grouping the cases was used, obtaining three clusters. Among the motives that attract the spectators, the cultural reasons, such as the search for new theatrical
experiences or watching one's favorite actor and/or live theater company, stand out. The spectators indicate a relative satisfaction with their experience at the festival, determining the visitors' motivations and their experience. With respect to the loyalty variable, the results reveal that
3 out of every 10 tourists show full loyalty.
Hubungan Umur Dan Paritas Dengan Kejadian Abortus di RSIA Sitti Khadijah I Makassar Tahun 2018
Authors: Subriani St
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara umur dan paritas ibu dengan kejadian abortus di RSIA St.Khadijah I Makassar 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analitik dengan melakukan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study untuk mengetahui hubungan antara umur dan paritas terhadap kejadian abortus di RSIA St.Khadijah I Makassar dengan jumlah populasi 793 orang dan jumlah sampel 89 orang dengan menggunakan teknik Random Sampling. Dari hasil uji statistik dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square(pearson chi-square) diperoleh untuk umur ibu nilai P = 0,000 < α = 0,05 artinya ada hubungan antara umur ibu dengan kejadian abortus. Untuk variabel paritas ibu nilai P = 0,000 < α = 0,05 artinya ada hubungan antara paritas dengan kejadian abortus. Kesimpulan dari dua variabel yaitu ada hubungan antara umur dan paritas terhadap kejadian abortus di RSIA St.Khadiha I Makassar 2018
Hubungan Usia dan Tekanan Darah Pada Ibu Hamil Dengan Kejadian Eklampsi di RSUD Daya Kota Makassar Tahun 2018
Authors: Amir Fatmawati
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan usia dan tekanan darah pada ibu hamil dengan kejadian eklampsi di RSUD Kota Makassar tahun 2018.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analitikdengan melakukan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study untuk mengetahui hubungan usia dan tekanan darahterhadap kejadian eklampsi di RSUD Daya kota makassar dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 312 orang dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 312 orang dengan menggunakan teknik Total Sampling. Dari hasil uji statistic dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square diperoleh untuk variable hubungan antara usia dengan kejadian eklampsi nilai P (0,005)< α = 0,05 artinya ada hubungan antara usia dengan kejadian eklampsi. Untuk variable hubungan antara tekanan darah dengan kejadian eklampsi nilai P (0,00) <α = 0,05 artinya ada hubungan antara tekanan darah dengan kejadian eklampsi. Diperlukannya pemeriksaan antenatal care sebelum usia kehamilan 28 minggu, sehingga bidan/pelayan kesehatan memberikan penyuluhan pada ibu hamil.Kesimpulan dari dua variable yaitu usia dan tekanan darah, variable usia dan tekanan darah memiliki  hubungan dengan kejadian eklampsi di RSUD kota Makassar tahun 2018.
Malabsorptive techniques in bariatric surgery
Authors: Sánchez Pernaute A , Torres A , Rubio MÁ , Pérez Aguirre ME
Published: February 2020

Introducción: la cirugía malabsortiva fue el origen de la cirugía bariátrica y metabólica, evolucionando desde los bypasses intestinales hasta el moderno cruce duodenal para disminuir los efectos secundarios de la malabsorción manteniendo el potencial ponderal y metabólico. El bypass duodeno-ileal en una anastomosis con gastrectomía vertical (SADI-S) es una simplificación fisiológica del cruce duodenal, que elimina una anastomosis disminuyendo la complejidad técnica y con ello las complicaciones postoperatorias y a largo plazo.

Pacientes: entre 2007 y 2014, 169 pacientes fueron sometidos a SADI-S en nuestro hospital. La edad media fue 46 años, el IMC medio 46 kg/m2 y el 64% fueron mujeres. 97 pacientes eran diabéticos, 81 presentaban apnea del sueño, 91 hipertensión y 126 dislipemia. Se realizó SADI-S con canal común de dos metros en 50 casos y de 2,5 metros en los restantes 119.

Resultados: no hubo mortalidad postoperatoria. Dos pacientes presentaron fístula anastomótica. La pérdida de exceso de peso fue del 92% el primer año y 89% a los cinco años. El 5% de los pacientes no alcanzaron un 50% de pérdida de exceso de peso. Diez pacientes fueron reintervenidos para alargamiento del asa común por desnutrición recurrente, seis con asa común de dos metros y cuatro con asa de 2,5 metros. La tasa de remisión de la diabetes fue 73% a los cinco años.

Conclusiones: el SADI-S es un cruce duodenal simplificado que consigue pérdidas ponderarles y resultados metabólicos similares a otras técnicas malabsortivas con menor número de complicaciones y efectos secundarios.
Metabolic surgery, a new paradigm for the treatment of diabetes
Authors: Balongo García R , Bejarano Gómez-Serna D , de la Rosa Báez A , Molina García D , García del Pino B , Martínez Mojarro R , Pérez Quintero R
Published: February 2020

La diabetes mellitus tipo II (DM2) es una enfermedad crónica, progresiva e incurable, que ocasiona una reducción de la esperanza y de la calidad de vida. Se está produciendo un incremento epidémico global de la misma asociada a la obesidad, y a largo plazo se convertirá en la mayor carga sobre los sistemas sanitarios. Aunque existe un tratamiento efectivo para la diabetes, muchos de los pacientes sólo con el tratamiento médico no consiguen los objetivos terapéuticos mínimos para el control del riesgo microvascular. Las técnicas quirúrgicas para la obesidad mórbida han demostrado que pueden controlar la hiperglucemia, y existe consenso para su uso como forma de tratamiento para algunos pacientes desde 2015. Dado que los objetivos, el tipo de respuesta y los criterios de efectividad no están relacionados directamente con el sobrepeso, estamos ante un nuevo paradigma, definido por el término cirugía metabólica.
IMPORTANCE OF ELBOW FLEXOR MUSCLE STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE IN SPORTS CLIMBING
Authors: Michailov Michail , Lambreva Stanislava , Deneva Diana , Andonov Hristo
Published: February 2020

The muscles that exert most during sport climbing are the finger flexors followed by elbow flexors (EF). Nevertheless, climbers’ EF strength and endurance have not been tested in an isolated manner and EF endurance has not been assessed at different relative intensities. Purpose: To determine the importance of EF maximal strength and endurance in sports climbing. Methods: Nine male sports climbers and a control group of seven male sports students performed an EF maximal strength (MS) test and four EF endurance tests representing isometric muscle contractions at 90%, 70%, 50% and 30% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). Results: Sports climbers sustained longer than the controls at 70 % (39±11 versus 28±7 s; p=0.044, η2 =0.259) and 50%MVC (57±10 versus 48±6 s; p=0.050, η2 =0.248). The highest effect size was estimated for the force-time integral related to body mass at 70% MVC (107±27 versus 75±18 N.s/kg; p=0.018, η2 = 0.338). The two groups did not differ in MS (313±52 versus 338±55 N; p=0.372) or MS related to body mass (4.6±0.6 versus 4.2±0.8 N/ kg; p=0.623). Climbing ability significantly correlated only with MS related to body mass. The relationship between MS related to body mass and on sight ability was strong (r=0.806, p=0.016). Conclusion: EF strength and endurance appear to be key performance factors in sports climbing. Sports climbing demands a high level of EF endurance during muscle contractions of high intensity. An excessive increase of EF endurance would not necessary lead to a significant improvement in climbing ability. However, higher climbing ability demands increased EF maximal strength.
ON THE IMPORTANCE AND NEED OF FLEXIBILITY AND STRENGTH REFINEMENT AS AN ELEMENT OF DANCERS’ TRAINING
Authors: Vladova Ina , Ünlü Yiğit
Published: February 2020

Contemporary professional dance art is close, to a great extent, to sport of excellence. The requirements to performers are constantly increasing and hence the need of properly organised specialised training, including a system of drills, stretching and dance exercise for developing their motor skills. The aim of this empirical study is to establish the need of including a specialised methodology for the development of the motor skills in the dance practice in the Republic of Turkey – strength and flexibility for the dancers of Turkish folk dances. The tasks are: to study the dance practice in the Republic of Turkey and to explore the views of the future dance pedagogues on the implementation of a program in dance training for the development of motor skills. The survey was conducted among dance students of Turkish folk dances with the help of a specially designed questionnaire. Our sustained observations and the analysis of the existing literature show lack of exhaustive research in the field of the dance theory and practice in the Republic of Turkey. There is insufficient data on the existence of a uniform methodology for working in the dance groups for the development of flexibility and strength with the use of specially elaborated programs, including dance exercises. The results of the conducted survey confirm the absence of a unified and purposeful work in this area. At present, in teaching dance, there is not enough emphasis put on the purposeful development of dancers’ motor skills. Given the increasing requirements dancers face, we consider it unreasonable that the scientific achievements not be widely introduced in the pedagogic practice in Turkey. Such discrepancy between theory and practice may have serious consequences – an increased risk of injuries and lasting disabilities, shorter career as a dancer and a debased professional satisfaction.
COPE WITH SUCCESS IN SPORT
Authors: Iancheva Tatiana , Kuleva Milena
Published: February 2020

A number of scientific studies in the field of sports psychology are aimed at revealing the reasons, factors and conditions, which lead to success. The other side of the problem – how we cope with success – remains underestimated. The effect of the subjective experience of success can lead to different behavior effects - from mobilization and psychic upsurge to self-reassurance, disorganization, and loss of activity. The consequences of success make the researchers examine their connection with different coping strategies. The aim of the present study is to examine how success is defined, how its determinants and consequences are interpreted, and what their connection with the applied coping strategies is. The research was done among 115 athletes, practicing different kinds of sport, divided into groups depending on their gender, age, and qualification. We used: 1) Specially developed scale for surveying the attitude to success; 2) Coping Orientation s to Problems Experienced scale – COPE –1 (Carver et al., 1989), adapted for Bulgarian conditions and optimized for sports practice (Georgiev et al., 2003). Athletes define success mainly as confidence and assertiveness. Mobilization and belief in one’s abilities is dominant. The most important factors for success are good preparation and input efforts. There are some negative consequences with some of the athletes – remissness, insufficient efforts, enhanced emotional reactions. The leading ones are cognitively engaged coping strategies. There are significant differences depending on age, gender, and qualification. The dependences between the researched indexes were given. The obtained results and established regularities direct the attention to possibilities of control and regulation of the negative consequences in the process of preparation with appropriate purposeful, scientifically proven influences, part of which are the coping strategies.
GOAL-ORIENTED BREATHING EXERCISES IN ACUTE PERIOD AFTER STROKE
Authors: Grigorova-Petrova Kristin
Published: February 2020

The respiratory function of patients with stroke becomes worse and may lead to restrictive disorders in ventilation and pulmonary complications. The purpose of this study is to establish the ability to influence respiratory disorders through a feedback breathing device in the acute period after a stroke. The research was done among 59 patients who were monitored in the acute period after an ischemic stroke. They were divided into two groups, exercise group (EG) and control group (CG), according to their consent to perform breathing exercises at home. Forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV1) and inspiratory capacity (IC) were measured. There were significant differences in the first month in the PEF and IC between the two groups. All spirometric parameters improved in the EG with significant increase in FEV1 and IC. The conducted study and the results indicate that goal-oriented training by incentive breathing device provides informative feedback on inspiration, facilitates cognitive stage, and positively influences inspiratory capacity among patients with acute ischemic stroke. The self-control during breathing facilitates early involvement of the basic principles of motor learning.
KAJIAN NILAI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU DALAM KONSEP MANYAMA BRAYA
Authors: Suadnyana Ida Bagus Putu Eka
Published: February 2020

The concept of Manyama Braya (Hindu Social Mutual Assistance) was used as a guideline by the people in the custom village of Sukawati because it is one of the existing local wisdom and even developed. The value of local wisdom, Manyama Braya implies an equality and fraternity or social recognition that we are brothers as a social fraternity; therefore the attitude and behavior of ours have to look at others as brothers who should be invited together in joy and sorrow. The concept of Manyama Braya was emphasized in daily life by the people in the custom village of Sukawati. This study was as a background of research of value Religious Hindu Education in the concept of Manyama Braya. The concept of Manyama Braya was important to be applied because the society in the village wanted to get prosperity and harmony in the society life. (2) The concept of Manyama Braya were implemented in a custom activity which were included Dewa Yadnya (Offering to Gods), Manusa Yadnya (Offering to people), Pitra Yadnya (Offering to ancestors) and Bhuta Yadnya (Offering to supernatural) and the concept of Manyama Braya was also implemented in everyday life. (3) The education values contained in the application of the concept of Manyama Braya namely: the value of ethics education was shown when the people always kept ethics in conducting customs activities. The value of harmony education was shown when the people always together kept maintaining harmonious indigenous activities and daily life. And the value of social education, was shown when the people work together in performing traditional custom activities and mutual assistance in everyday life.
TEOLOGI LESA: STUDI TEOLOGI KONTEKSTUAL BUDAYA HIDUP ORANG WAIMAHU
Authors: Tetelepta Maria Christina , Hendriks M M , Ruhulessin John Chr
Published: February 2020

Each society has   its own traditional forms which passed down orally. These traditions demonstrate and explain the identity and characteristics of the community, which is closely connected to the world and the context in where they are located. The aim of this article is to discover values of Lesa. Lesa  is one of the ancestral tradition of the Moluccans who usually live in groups, eat and live together. Contextual theology approach (practical mode) is developed in order to explore and examine life-lesa of Waimahu people. For Waimau people, lesa is a place in where all family members sit around to have meal together and a right time for parents to talk to children. Then, lesa is applied also to reconciliation. Shortly, Lesa means to gather a family together: sit together, have meal together, give thank to the Lord together, and enjoy reconciliation with God and neighbor. As cultural heritage, lesa must be transmitted to the new generation.
KESELAMATAN UNIVERSAL DALAM WAHYU 7:1-17
Authors: Imuly Meyke , Hukubun Monike
Published: February 2020

Revelation 7: 1-17 give a witness and a vision of the writer of this book about the claim of universal salvation. If it can be viewed in a rhetorical situation, usually the party who opens the communication (speaker / author) tries to convince or influence the listener to accept some specific interpretations or attitudes. That is the reason why an important rhetorical method is used to interpret this text, so that the author's persuasive purposes in this text can be known. Most importantly, when the book of Revelation is understood in the frame of Apocalyptic literature - written in the context of its readers who are experiencing a crisis by various oppressive power pressures, but also the crisis is pleasing with the effort to establish the identity of its beliefs as well as its relevance among the influence of various other different teachings. Thus, the doctrine of universal salvation in the book of Revelation can provide a transformation both for readers of the book of Revelation, but also for readers today who are dealing with issues of identity crisis and relevance.
PENGARUH PEMBINAAN ASRAMA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER MAHASISWA STT KRISTUS ALFA OMEGA TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Tandiongan Fianus
Published: February 2020

When humans pray it will have an impact on changes in their character, including changes in behavior, and reflecting the character of Christ in his life. When humans have a change in character that means he has love in his life that affects himself and others. Evidence of love that is possessed by humans through the life of prayer for changes in their character, that is, with humans, likes to help their fellow students. Have mercy on people who need help when other people have trouble because when humans have had a change of character it will be able to be seen once from their daily lives and humans always have positive thoughts because humans know that God is the source of inner strength his life. This study uses a quantitative method of correlational description of data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires, data analysis techniques using correlational quantitative methods. The results of this study, namely; The first hypothesis "It is suspected that the level of boarding life in the student dormitory of the STT Kristus Alfa Omega Semarang is in the medium category or" 70% "is rejected because the value obtained is 76.126%. The second hypothesis "It is assumed that the level of character formation of the STT Kristus Alfa Omega Semarang Semarang is in the moderate category or ≤ 75%" because the value obtained is 81.65%. And the third hypothesis "It is assumed that there is a positive influence and in the medium category between boarding life on the formation of the character of the STT Kristus Alfa Omega Semarang" accepted because the coefficient value obtained is 0.441 which is positive and in the medium category.
MENCEGAH FRAUD DI DALAM INDUSTRI PERBANKAN
Authors: Ali Akbar Mhd.
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of Internal Audit, Ethical Behavior and Whistleblowing System on Fraud Prevention. The population of this research is the frontliner and the Head of the Frontliner who works at PT Bank Central Asia Tbk. KCU Alam Sutera. This research method uses qualitative methods by distributing research questionnaires involving 50 respondents. In this study the authors used SPSS 25 in processing data. From the results of the partial hypothesis test it was found that the internal audit variable had no effect on fraud prevention variables. On the other hand the ethical behavior variable and the whistleblowing system variable influence the fraud prevention variable. And the results of the simultaneous hypothesis test show that all independent variables influence the dependent variable together
Facile biogenic fabrication of hydroxyapatite nanorods using cuttlefish bone and their bactericidal and biocompatibility study
Authors: Balu Satheeshkumar , Sundaradoss Manisha Vidyavathy , Andra Swetha , Jeevanandam Jaison
Published: February 2020

Cuttlefish bones are an inexpensive source of calcium carbonate, which are produced in large amounts by the marine food industry, leading to environmental contamination and waste. The nontoxicity, worldwide availability and low production cost of cuttlefish bone products makes them an excellent calcium carbonate precursor for the fabrication of hydroxyapatite. In the present study, a novel oil-bath-mediated precipitation method was introduced for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite (Hap) nanorods using cuttlefish bone powder as a precursor (CB-Hap NRs). The obtained CB-Hap NRs were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques to evaluate their physicochemical properties. The crystallite size (20.86 nm) obtained from XRD data and the elemental analysis (Ca/P molar ratio was estimated to be 1.6) showed that the Hap NRs are similar to that of natural human bone (≈1.67). Moreover, the FTIR data confirmed the presence of phosphate as a functional group and the TGA data revealed the thermal stability of Hap NRs. In addition, the antibacterial study showed a significant inhibitory effect of CB-Hap NRs against S. aureus (zone of inhibition – 14.5 ± 0.5 mm) and E. coli (13 ± 0.5 mm), whereas the blood compatibility test showed that the CB-Hap NRs exhibited a concentration-mediated hemolytic effect. These biogenic CB-Hap NRs with improved physicochemical properties, blood compatibility and antibacterial efficacy could be highly beneficial for orthopedic applications in the future.
THE EFFECT OF CUSTOMER EMPOWERMENT AND CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT ON MARKETING PERFORMANCE: THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF BRAND COMMUNITY MEMBERSHIP
Authors: Mohammad Anber Abraheem
Published: February 2020

This study aimed at examining the mediating role of brand Community membership on the effect of customer empowerment and customer engagement on marketing performance. The population of the study contained students of universities in the North Region of Jordan. A total of 1320 questionnaires were administered to sample members, and 895 questionnaires were returned completed. Data analysis indicated a significant partial mediation of brand community in the effect of customer empowerment on customer satisfaction but not in the effect of customer engagement and customer loyalty.Interestingly, the results confirmed that employee engagement is more important for organisations to ensure customer loyalty. The effect of customer empowerment on customer satisfaction was mediated by the customer’s membership to the brand community. Thereupon, organisations should ensure put their customers’ engagement as a priority. Further research is required to investigate the predictability of both customer satisfaction and engagement using different samples from several settings.
On three new species of jumping spiders of the genera Habrocestum Simon, 1876, Stenaelurillus Simon, 1886 and Tamigalesus Żabka, 1988 (Araneae, Salticidae) from Sri Lanka
Authors: Kanesharatnam Nilani , Benjamin Suresh P.
Published: February 2020

Three new species of litter-dwelling jumping spiders, Habrocestum liptonisp. nov., Stenaelurillus ilesaisp. nov., and Tamigalesus fabussp. nov. are described from Sri Lanka. In addition, T. munnaricus is redescribed based on the new material from Sri Lanka.
Les insertions territoriales dans les films. Statuts, modalités et monstration du territoire dans l’image cinématographique
Authors: Le Nozach Delphine
Published: February 2020

Cet article étudie les liens qui unissent le territoire et la création cinématographique dans une perspective sémantique et communicationnelle. À partir d’un corpus de films tournés en Lorraine (2005-2015) et d’une série d’entretiens avec des professionnels du secteur du cinéma, l’autrice interroge le dispositif du placement territorial filmique et propose une typologie originale de ses formes de présence dans l’image cinématographique. Dans un double dialogue avec les logiques publicitaires du placement de produit et le branding des territoires, l’analyse révèle les singularités diégétiques de l’insertion du territoire dans les films.
Économie de la Presse et de la Communication en Algérie
Authors: Ahcène-Djaballah Belkacem
Published: February 2020

Dans la plupart des pays du monde libéral, et surtout dans les nouvelles économies libérées des contraintes de la propriété collective ou étatique, les paysages médiatiques ont été les premiers à « faire les frais » des transformations survenues dans l’univers des médias. Pour le marché algérien de la communication en général, et celui de la presse en particulier, une première étape couvrant les années 1990 a été marquée par ce que l’on a coutume d’appeler l’« aventure intellectuelle », tout particulièrement dans la presse écrite et la publicité ainsi que dans la production audio-visuelle. Très vite cependant, quelques journaux privés ont rapidement connu un certain succès grâce à l’aide désintéressée d’entreprises privées. On assiste alors à un processus allant de « l’infiltration » à « l’appropriation » d’une bonne partie du capital des entreprises médiatiques ou de presse par le rachat des actions, ou par l’augmentation du capital afin de s’assurer de la majorité des actions. Une deuxième étape allant de la fin des années 1990 à la fin des années 2000 va accompagner une libéralisation encore plus large de l’économie nationale. Ce fut alors la phase d’accélération du mouvement d’appropriation de la totalité des capitaux des entreprises existantes. De la fin des années 2000 à nos jours une troisième étape va s’ouvrir sur une « néo-libéralisation » de l’économie nationale encore bien plus large qu’auparavant. Elle se caractérise par une plus forte présence d’entrepreneurs liés, directement ou non, au pouvoir en place et pratiquant une « stratégie de placement » de leurs capitaux. À la veille du 3 e mandat présidentiel, le paysage audiovisuel venait en effet, d’être envahi par une multitude de chaînes de contenu algérien mais dont le siège social se trouvait à l’étranger. Le grand problème réside alors non dans l’existence même de ces médias, mais dans le fait qu’ils étaient pour la plupart financés par l’informel algérien, lui-même animé par des hommes d’affaires et industriels, installés ou non en Algérie, parfois liés à des mouvements politiques ou à des personnalités de la haute administration civile ou militaire.
Le psychanalyste des villes et le psychanalyste des champs
Authors: Gross François
Published: February 2020

Cet article étudie l’incidence sur la pratique de la psychothérapie et de la psychanalyse d’un lieu géo graphique donné. L’étude, qui a lieu en Valais, en Suisse, envisage les spécificités de cette région alpine, comme le caractère isolé et montagneux de l’environnement naturel et la culture paysanne alpine. La topographie liée à la nature sauvage a généré des traditions culturelles séculaires pour ses habitants, malgré les changements profonds apportés par la modernité. Dans ce contexte, le quotidien et les mœurs étaient transmis par le patois, langage communiquant les affects de manière privilégiée. De trop rares études sur l’incidence géographique de la ruralité dans le domaine de la psychothérapie et de la pratique analytique montrent que des facteurs spécifiques appartiennent en propre à ces populations. De manière typique, s’affirme ainsi en Valais un caractère alpin marqué par l’authenticité, la croyance, l’esprit grégaire et la perte d’anonymat. Des exemples cliniques illustrent ces données et révèlent le contraste entre le monde des villes et le milieu alpin.
Construction de séries de stocks de capital humain pour la Chine de 1949 à 2014
Authors: Long Zhiming , Herrera Rémy
Published: February 2020

Notre problématique, partant du contraste entre rythme accéléré de la croissance économique de la Chine et modération de son évolution démographique, est centrée sur la qualification de la population. Une revue de la littérature sur le capital humain chinois est d’abord proposée afin de mettre en évidence ses avancées et limites. C’est ensuite notre propre méthodologie de construction de deux stocks de capital humain qui est présentée. Nous détaillons les processus de détermination des taux de dépréciation des stocks, puis les accroissements de ces derniers, et enfin des valeurs de stocks pour des années de référence. Nos séries de capital humain chinois de 1949 à 2014 sont finalement livrées aux lecteurs. Classification JEL  : C8, I2, J1, N3, O4.
Dans quelle mesure les fonds de pension permettraient-ils de résoudre le problème des retraites en France ?
Authors: Trainar Philippe
Published: February 2020

L’intérêt des fonds de pension a toujours été contesté en France et, par voie de conséquence, leur place dans l’économie est restée parfaitement marginale. Le débat sur les fonds de pension en France a pu laisser penser, un temps, que leur utilité se limitait à leur capacité à absorber les conséquences du retournement démographique. En réalité, les propriétés économiques de la capitalisation par rapport à la répartition dépassent largement leur capacité à absorber les chocs démographiques. Notamment, elles en font un support extrêmement efficace pour compenser les risques « politiques » que la répartition fait peser sur les retraites. Dans cet article, nous examinons en détail les objections opposées aux fonds de pension, pour constater finalement que la seule vraie difficulté tient aux problèmes soulevés par la transition institutionnelle de la répartition vers la capitalisation. Mais la tendance de notre système de retraite à évoluer vers un système minimaliste beveridgien relativise la portée de cette difficulté.
L’assurance privée peut aider au financement de la dépendance
Authors: Chneiweiss Arnaud
Published: February 2020

Les perspectives démographiques et financières de la dépendance ne relèvent pas d’une science exacte, mais les ordres de grandeur sont connus. Alors que la France consacre plus de 1,4 % de son PIB à ce domaine, il faudra augmenter substantiellement cet effort, jusqu’à le doubler à l’horizon d’un demi-siècle. Dans ce contexte, les assureurs ont des produits et propositions pour couvrir le grand-âge, qui doivent se combiner avec les ressources publiques pour faire face à l’ampleur des besoins.