bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLINICAL-ANAMNESTIC AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC MARKERS OF NEONATAL SEPSIS AT DIFFERENT GESTATION AGE OF NEWBORN
Authors: Kretsu Natalia , Koloskova Olena , Bilous Tetiana
Published: December 2021

neonatal sepsis remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal age. The involvement of the myocardium in sepsis remains insufficiently studied, in particular in neonatology, where issues of myocardial dysfunction in neonatal generalized infection seem even more controversial, especially in neonatal sepsis at different gestational terms. Objective. To study specific clinical and anamnestic and echocardiographic parameters in infants depending on gestational age for optimization of the prognosis in neonatal sepsis. Material and research methods. To achieve this goal, we observed 57 newborns with a verified diagnosis of "Neonatal sepsis". Group I (23 patients – 40.3%) included newborns with a gestational age of 37-42 weeks, Group II – 34 premature infants (59.7%) with a gestation of up to 36 weeks. The latter group, depending on the gestational age, was divided into IIA subgroup, which was formed by 21 prematurely born patients with NS with a gestational age of 32-36 weeks, and the IIB subgroup – 13 newborns born before 32 weeks of gestation. Research results. The analysis showed that the severity of the impairment in the general condition of the examined newborns general condition was assessed as severe in 47.8% of newborns of group I, in 88.2% of cases in group II (PI: II <0.05), in 85.7% of representatives of subgroup IIA (PI: IIA <0.05) and in 92.3% of children of subgroup IIB (PI: IIB <0.001). It is shown that every third child (30.4%) of group I, 67.6% of newborns of group II (PI: II <0.05), half (52.4%) of the representatives of subgroup IIA (PII: IIA <0.01) and all seriously ill patients (92.3%) of subgroup IIB (PI: IIB, IIA: IIB <0.05) required cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the delivery room. Thus, in relation to full-term patients, the risk of this significant postnatal factor of emergency is likely to increase: for group II: OR - 4.77 (95% CI 2.63-8.68), RR - 2.17 (95% CI 1.57-3.0), AR = 0.37; and for premature babies with a gestational age of less than 32 weeks (IIB subgroup), respectively: OR – 27.44 (95% CI 11.73-64.19), RR – 7.55 (95% CI 5.58-10.21 ), AR – 0.65. The correlation analysis showed that in premature infants suffering from NS, the increase in the functional capacity of the left ventricular myocardium was associated with the female sex (for EF r = 0.94, P = 0.0001, for FS - r = 0, 94, P = 0.0001) and the number of days of inotropic support (for EF r = 0.68, P = 0.043, for FS - r = 0.71, P = 0.03). Conclusions. The analysis of echocardiographic parameters in the group of premature infants revealed a direct correlation between the ejection fraction and cardiovascular resuscitation immediately after birth (r = 0.64) and the duration of inotropic drugs (r = 0.68).
MARKETING RESEARCH OF THE MEDICINE MARKET FOR THE TREATMENT OF BREAST CANCER IN UKRAINE
Authors: Rafalska Yaroslava , Kosyachenko Kostyantin
Published: December 2021

the article presents the results of the study of the marketing market of medicines for the treatment of breast cancer in Ukraine during 2019-2020. Medicine treatment schemes based on a clinical protocol were analyzed. On December 1, 2019, 184 drugs were registered for the treatment of breast cancer in Ukraine, and on December 1, 2020 - 194. In 2020, the largest share among of the studied drugs belongs to the group of antineoplastic and immunomodulatory drugs - 82.0 %, and the group of drugs that affect the musculoskeletal system - 18.0 %. On December 1, 2020, drugs were represented by 43 manufacturers, of which 18.6 % were Ukrainian and 81.4 % were foreign. Among Ukrainian companies, the primacy belongs to Pharmex Group LLC (4.1 %), Teva Ukraine LLC (3.1 %) and Farmak JSC (2.6 %). The largest share of foreign suppliers occupies Great Britain - 26.3 %, Switzerland and India by 11.9 %. At that time, in 5 pharmacotherapeutic groups (L01AA01, L01BA01, L01CA04, L01XC07, M05BA03) is not represented by any drug Ukrainian manufacturer. Analysis of the assortment of drugs for the treatment of breast cancer by dosage form in 2020 showed that the main share (35.6 %) is represented by concentrate for solution for infusion, 21.6 % - tablets and 20.6 % - lyophilisate for solution for infusion. Other dosage forms form a total of 22.2 % of the total assortment of drugs, studied in the Ukrainian market.
Conceptual art in design
Authors: Kostiuk Olha
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to consider the concept and determine its components, in the development and analysis of conceptual art in modern design. Methodology. The following methods are used: analysis, synthesis, as well as semiotic, hermeneutic, psychoanalytic. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the study of conceptual art on the examples of hairstyle design, hairdressing collections, and an attempt to comprehend the underlying contexts and meanings in the process of interpretation. Conclusions. Given the fact that modern design as a polymorphic entity with a dominant innovative component actualizes the activities of the new generation and acquires the features of intellectual comprehension of visual information, it can be argued that conceptual art is a priority in this direction. The concept as the initial concept of the conceptual is defined as a multilevel formation of content, the semantic meaning of the sign, which requires a process of interpretation. Through J. Dili's study of the theory of sign systems, the interpretation of the concept in the system of traditions, rituals, customs, which is perceived differently by different people due to belonging to different cultures, societies, etc., becomes clear. It is proved that the creation of the concept is based on processes based on individual practice, personal associations, and the main types of metaphorical and allegorical thinking that arise from the experience of not only cognitive but also substantive activity. The study of conceptual art on examples of hairstyle design, hairdressing collections shows the peculiarity of such works of art: they are not always functional and are not always defined as a utilitarian object, but the use of unusual color, shape, progression, silhouette lines, the fullness of space and volume with signs and symbols, require a multilevel semantic definition in the process of interpretation through intellectual comprehension of the inherent contexts and meanings.
Keywords: conceptual art, concept, design, hairstyle.
Stickers: design tools of the dynamic visual communication
Authors: Skliarenko Nataliia , Kolosnichenko Marina
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article. In the work, we showed design tools of visual communications designing with the stickers using. The problem of informing increase of message and level of its perception closely relates to forming of a dynamic image. Research methodology is founded on the basis of the system design approach, and also some methods such as structural and compositional, functional, artistic, and imaginative design-analysis. The scientific novelty of the work. We found out that people can use stickers as an integral part of the design system for dynamic information creation which is the most effective for perception. We focus on the fact that design tools can solve the problems of interaction of visual communications with material objects, persons, and the environment by dynamic means. Conclusions. We emphasize attention on analyzing the visualization processes that happen by stickers repetition with minor transformations on the moving constructions. By using the animation effect, designers manage to create the continuous process illusion. During the work, we analyze the using of template stickers. Their artistic and graphic language is formed on the person’s involvement in communication by the combining of some elements within a defined structure. We proved that using smell and steam. With the development of innovative technologies, stickers-indicators, which become visual markers of dynamic changes in the chemical and biological composition of products, become relevant. We described the close relationship between hidden dynamic signs and visual color changes of stickers. We studied that the design of dynamic visual communications relates to the using of stickers as relevant tools of structuring space. The participation of stickers in the process of visual arrangement of public installations appears over time and is carried out on the basis of a constant flow of people. As result all of the described visual transformations relate to the use of stickers and require the rethinking of traditional semantic and visual-plastic constructions that belong to the openness and intelligibility of the message.
Keywords: sticker, visual communication, dynamic visualization, template sticker, design system.
Variability of artistic and aesthetic features of social dance Brazilian Zuk and its bedding
Authors: Zhuravleva Anastasia
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to identify the genre, stylistic and rhythmic specifics of the social dance Brazilian Sound, as well as to theorize the artistic and aesthetic features of the new dance backgrounds developed on its basis. Methodology. A typological method was applied, thanks to which the main characteristics of the social dance Brazilian Zuk were determined; figurative-stylistic and formal-stylistic method, which helped to identify a system of typical forms and lexical features inherent in the dance and developed on its basis substrates; the method of comparative analysis, which revealed the common and distinctive features of the traditional social dance Brazilian Sound and innovative backgrounds created on its basis; method of theoretical generalization, which helped to summarize the results of the study. Scientific novelty. The process of origin and development of one of the most popular social dances of the XXI century is studied. Brazilian Zuk; the compositional features of the Brazilian Sound were identified and analyzed; For the first time in domestic art history the genre-stylistic and rhythmic features of the main sub-styles (Rio-zouk style, Porto-Seguro style, M-zouk, Neo-zouk) and sub-styles (Modern zouk, Soulzouk R&B zouk) of the Brazilian Zuk are considered and the specificity of their art is revealed. aesthetic variability. Conclusions. The study found that the Brazilian Sound is an independent style of modern dance art, which is characterized by a number of features: the atmosphere of performance (platforms for social dances, dance conferences, seminars, etc.); creating a composition of the Brazilian Sound is usually a collective process - the authorship of style and background belongs to talented dancers, who are endowed with the gift of improvisation and specific temperament; special individual type of dance movement: the basic sequence of steps is connected with metrorhythmic features of musical accompaniment; a specific combination of plasticity, flexibility, and rotations creates individual dance backgrounds: acrobatic Acro Zouk, smooth Flow Zuk, contrast Zuk Revolution, improvisational M-zuk, inflammatory Lambazuk, philosophical-hypnotic Neo-zuk, and others. Prospects for innovative research in the field of genre-style interaction of the Brazilian Sound and modern dance trends are the unique basis of dance, which is positioned as the initial impetus for further lexical and rhythmic-intonational choreographic experiments and depends on the peculiarities of musical material.
Keywords: Brazilian Zuk, social dance, artistic and aesthetic features, M-zuk, Neo-zuk, Lambazuk.
The creativity of local accordionists in the context of pop-jazz performance at the turn of the XX - XXI centuries
Authors: Yeremenko Andrii
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article. To highlight the peculiarities of the functioning of pop-jazz music in the bayan-accordion art of Ukraine in a certain period. The methodology is based on the basic principles of the theory of knowledge, such as objectivity, scientific character, historicism, integrity, interconnection, and interdependence of phenomena and processes of reality, as well as conceptual provisions of the theory of professional skills. The scientific novelty lies in the coverage of the creative activity of local button accordion players and the systematization of the stages of development and creative achievements of the academic school of the specified period. Conclusions. Pop-jazz music in the context of performing creativity of local and foreign bayan accordionists has a consistent character and develops on the musical basis of Negro folklore, urban culture (genres of everyday dance music - waltzes, polkas, tango, foxtrots, etc.), professional music - improvisations, concert transcriptions, retro suites for jazz themes, jazz-style suites, jazz-rock-partitas). The main factors that influenced the dynamics of the development of pop-jazz music in the bayan-accordion art of Ukraine and abroad were various artistic processes that took place during the period under study, determined by the evolution of quality indicators.
Keywords: button accordion (accordion), accompanying instrument, solo performance, jazz compositions, composer technique, academization.
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Historical origins of modern vocal and instrumental performance in Ukraine at the beginning of the XXI century
Authors: Dyman Tatiana , Shulgina Valeria
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article  is to determine the historical origins of vocal-instrumental performance from ancient times to the present day, in revealing the influence of some prominent personalities on the further development of vocal and instrumental art and the selection of famous modern ensembles, which are the face of the late XX-early XXI century. Methodology. The research methodology is based on methods of analysis and synthesis, comparative method, method of historicism, and interpretation. The combination of such a technological process makes it possible to more fully disclose the research topic. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty lies in the systematization of the material on the development of vocal-instrumental performance in Ukraine from its origins to the beginning of the XXI century and the substantiation of the originality of performance in different historical circumstances. Conclusions. Performance as an aspect of the synthesis of the arts over the centuries has had various forms of self-expression. It developed in the conditions of real events, improved according to time, and acquired certain advantages at the turn of the century in different historical periods of spiritual upsurge. Kobzars, bandura players, chamber-instrumental and vocal-instrumental ensembles have passed a difficult way of professional growth and laid the foundation for further development of performing arts. The formation of the national school and the development of bandura performance in Ukraine took place thanks to the great work of the outstanding composer Mykola Lysenko, which inspired the creative work of Ukrainian artists Hnat Khotkevych, Serhiy Bashtan, and others. In the 70s of the XX century ensembles enriched their concert repertoire with arrangements of Ukrainian folk songs and compositions of outstanding composers of their time. Vocal-instrumental ensemble "DakhaBrakha", born in modern conditions at the beginning of the XXI century (2004) stylistically diversified the direction of its activities, synthesizing folk and contemporary music.
Keywords: historical milestones of vocal-instrumental development performance, synthesis of arts, the figure of Gregory Skovoroda as a philosopher, composer and musician, activity of the founder of the national school Mykola Lysenko, bandura performance, Ukrainian group "DakhaBrakha".
Ternopil branch of the Musical Institute named after Mykola Lysenko as a cultural and educational center of Ternopil (1st half of XX century)
Authors: Spolska Olena
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to analyze the historical and cultural background and the main aspects of the formation of professional piano performance in Ternopil in the late nineteenth - first half of the twentieth century on the example of VMIL branch activity. Methodology. The methodological basis of the publication is historical-stylistic and comparative approaches, methods of historical-cultural discourse (according to V. Cherkasov). The formation of professional piano performance is considered in terms of musicological and stylistic approaches in broader cultural, educational, and musical-pedagogical contexts. The problem of studying the regionalism of music and performance centers and schools as a dynamic historical and cultural phenomenon is actualized. A thorough study of the history of regional piano educational centers and performing schools has been the subject of a number of musicological studies. In particular, the works of N. Kashkadamova, T. Starukh, L. Mazepa, and others are dedicated to the piano art of Lviv, its artistic education, and cultural institutions. Scientific Novelty. Based on the study of scientific and archival sources, we can see that the educational and pedagogical traditions of the Higher Music Institute named after M. Lysenko as the first Ukrainian professional center and its branches in Eastern Galicia have continued in the activities of pianists, teachers, and performers in Ukraine and abroad, mainly Western Of Ukraine. Attention is focused on the opening and initial stage of the branch of the Lysenko Higher Music Institute (VMIL) in Ternopil, in particular, on the activities of piano teachers. Based on historical, comparative, and individual approaches, the role of individual performers, composers, and teachers as the founders of piano performance in the region is highlighted. Thus, the novelty of the article is to trace the initial stage of the formation of piano performance in Ternopil in the late nineteenth - first third of the twentieth century. as a process of transition from the amateur period to academic performance and professional music education. Conclusions are made about the decisive role of the branch of the Higher Music Institute named after M. Lysenko (VMIL) in Ternopil and its founders, in particular, Iryna Krykh (Lyubchakova) and Yuri Krykh, in the development of music education and performance in the region.
Keywords: musical culture of Western Ukraine, end of XIX – first half of XX century, piano performance, Higher Music Institute M. Lysenko (VMIL), pianists, performers and lecturers of Ternopil.
Stage as a universe of human communicative activity
Authors: Tanska Lyudmyla
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article. The research is connected with the definition of culturological bases of synthetic image formation in the system of modern communication and opening of stage space as a communicative phenomenon in the context of the transformation of spectacular cultural practices of the XX century. The research methodology consists of theoretical and interpretive models of comparative and systematic approaches to the definition of stage space as cultural integrity. The scientific novelty of the work is to reveal the peculiarities of cultural creation of stage space in the twentieth century, when artists turned to previous systems of artistic reflection, figurative distinctions of the stage in culture. Emphasis is placed on the relevance of the study of the communicative properties of the stage in cultural construction. The stage can be remote, virtual, chamber, monumental. However, the scene from the category of subject-spatial dimension passes into another dimension - time. On the stage you can not break the unity of time and space, the stage is the unity of action and event, and also presents a certain space-time - chronotope, human image, an image of the day. Conclusions. The revival of the pre-cultural, pre-civilization in the broad progressive sense of the word world of the stage becomes the basis for a polymorphic definition of the communicative dimension of the stage as such. Stage space in the modern dimension requires a comprehensive interdisciplinary study, which focuses on discursive analysis, phenomenological and aesthetic studies of the categories "stage", "act", "action", "event", "creativity", etc. The article only raises the issue of interdisciplinary research tools. Further elaboration of the problem field requires separate investigations.

Keywords: culture, universe, scene, action, event, chronotope, scenics.
Modern media resources in the communication system of an accordionist
Authors: Bendas Daryna
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the Article. The article is devoted to the study of modern media resources as ways of communication between an accordionist-performer and the audience on the example of using the world’s most popular social networks: Facebook, YouTube, Instagram. The research methodology involves the use of methods of analysis and synthesis, systematization, generalization. Scientific novelty. Defining the components of the digital compass of a domestic accordionist in the context of the digital strategy of Europe. Conclusions. The study showed that in the creative activity of musicians, including accordionists, there is a rapid development of the latest means of communication. The online media, which are most often used in the music sphere, are characterized, the specifics of the content of popular social networks depending on the target audience are analyzed on specific examples. The main problems associated with the use of the latest methods of communication by domestic artists have been identified: a lower level of activity in the Internet space compared to foreign artists, as well as a “digital divide” between different generations. The “Digital Compass of a Modern Accordionist” has been proposed as a tool for solving the above problems, and its components have been identified.

Keywords: music culture, accordion art, media resources, social networks, information technologies, communication, intercultural communication.
The concept of "Contemporary Dance": cultural, philosophical, and artistic approaches
Authors: Fedotova Natalia
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to analyze and systematize approaches to the definition of the concept of "contemporary dance". Methodology. The research methodology is based on the analysis of scientific sources related to the topic, approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "Contemporary Dance", using terminological and historical methods. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the main approaches to the definition of contemporary dance are revealed and its characteristic features are revealed. Conclusions. Contemporary dance has taken a prominent place among the directions of choreographic art, has a wide circle of admirers, is recognized as a stage phenomenon and cultural and artistic practice. Currently, there is a wide range of approaches to understanding contemporary dance, which leads to terminological differences in scientific works. Among the main positions in contemporary dance, one can single out its consideration as an avant-garde form of choreographic art that evolved from modern dance; as a dramatic virtuoso dance originating from ballet and jazz; as an intellectual dance that originated in Europe and America, based on various techniques and techniques, it is perceived as a tool for the development of the dancer's body. We adhere to the position that contemporary dance is a direction of choreographic art that arose in the late XX – early XXI centuries in Europe and America, based on techniques and techniques that act as tools for the development of the body, the formation of awareness and the individual choreographic language of the dancer.

Keywords: contemporary dance, contemporary culture, choreography, contemporary dance, terminological approach.
The historical figure of Ignaсy Jan Paderewski through the prism of synthesis of artistic and political activity
Authors: Astalosh Gabriella
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to reveal the role of I. J. Paderewski in realization the patriotic ideas of Poland's independence through the prism of synthesis of creative and political activity. In accordance with the goal the following tasks were set: to consider the figure's biography in interaction aspect of the basic spheres of functioning; determine the personal prerequisites for national ideas formation; to reveal the practical implementation of life credo; to characterize the historical, social and cultural, artistic contribution. Methodology. In course of the research the following methods were used to reveal the presented problems: historical (study of the life story), source studies (elaboration of existing scientific works on related issues), analytical and structural-logical (coverage of the chronological aspect of the problem, understanding the specifics of activities), method of theoretical generalization (to summarize). The scientific novelty. For the first time in the history of Ukrainian scientific thought the figure of І. J. Paderewski was considered as a complex phenomenon of the interaction of human's radically different spheres of activity. Conclusions. The personality of pianists, public figures, orators, politicians, and philanthropists became a main in both the musical and political life of Poland in the late XIX - early XX century. Thanks to his incredible musical talent and rich concert practice, he brought the problem of Polish national identity to the world level and enlisted the support of the most influential circles in matters of statehood. Paderewski’s phenomenon is in his indomitable spirit, faith in the independence of his country, efficiency in all spheres of his life, in the complex unity of poetic art and prudent politics. In the European cultural heritage, this is a unique case of coexistence of contrasting human activities, their mutual functioning in achieving the existential credo of an outstanding person.

Keywords: І. J. Paderewski, political activity, patriotic ideas, artistic heritage.
Dialectical unity of two super-tasks in the context of the problem of reincarnation
Authors: Moskalenko-Vysotska Оlena
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to try to determine the nature of the interrelationships between two supertasks - an actor and a role - in the process of an actor's creativity, based on an analysis of the essence of the problem of reincarnation in the art of an actor from the Stanislavsky school. The research methodology is based on analytical, general logical and comparatively typological methods, which make it possible to comprehend in an unconventional way the concept of the dialectical unity of two super-tasks in the process of an actor's creativity in the context of the problems of reincarnation. The subject of this research is the basic concepts of the world-famous "system" of KS Stanislavsky. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the theory of acting has never resorted to analyzing the dialectics of the relationship between two supertasks - the actor and the role - in the context of the problem of reincarnation. Its interpretation by the Stanislavsky school confirms the idea of ​​dialectical interaction of two super-tasks in a single creative process. Conclusions. In an artistically completed acting performance, we always deal with the presence of both the supertask of the actor himself, performing a certain role, and the supertask of the role (the actor). Despite their multidirectional nature, they nevertheless constitute a dialectically inseparable whole, transforming the process of reincarnation into a highly artistic act of creativity.
Evaluasi Indeks Slagging dan Fouling pada Boiler Batubara Jenis Lignit dan Bituminus
Authors: Yuliyani Ika , Sumitra Indriyani , Indrayana Muna
Published: December 2021

Batubara saat ini merupakan salah satu jenis bahan bakar yang banyak digunakan padaPLTU. Pada proses pembakaran batubara selain menghasilkan panas juga menghasilkan partikulat abu yang terbawa bersama gas panas. Partikulat abu batubara memiliki kemampuan untuk menempel pada dinding boiler dan kemampuan menempelnya abu ini terutama dipengaruhi oleh suhu melebur abu (ash fusion temperature, AFT) dan unsur – unsur dalam abu.Ada 2 jenis fenomena menepelnya abu batubara pada dinding boiler, yaitu slagging dan fouling. Hal ini akan berdampak pada penggunaan batubara  menjadi lebih banyak dan meningkatkan pekerjaan pemeliharaan boiler. Metode  evaluasi indeks slagging dan fouling mengunakan analisa karakteristik batubara melalui perhitungan indeks slagging dan fouling. Analisa karakteristik batubara dengan menggunakan analisis komposisi abu (SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O­3, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O, TiO2, MnO2), ash fusion temperature, analisis proksimat (Kadar air, abu, zar terbang, dan karbon padat), analisis ultimat(C, H, S, N), dan penentuan nilai kalor batubara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode perhitungan dengan menggunakan data analisa dari batubara,yaitu analisa proksimate, ultimate dan ash fusion temperature. Berdasarkan evaluasi dan analisa yang diperoleh bahwa abu jenis bituminous dengan kandungan unsur Fe2O3 memiliki pengaruh pada indeks pembentukan slagging dengan hasil indeks slagging lebih rendah, dan abu jenis lignit dengan unsure kandungan CaO dan MgO sangat mempengaruhi  besar nilai indeks pembentukan slagging dengan hasil indeks slagging lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan batubara jenis bituminus. Begitujuga halnya dengan kandungan Na2O pada abu bituminous dan lignit menjadi unsur yang berpengaruh ini selain indeks pembentukan fouling.
Penentuan Jenis Baja Scrap sebagai Bahan Baku Proses Pengecoran Logam di IKM dengan Metode Spark Testing
Authors: Firmansyah Muchammad Iqbal Riza , Marno Marno , Sumarjo Jojo
Published: December 2021

Sampah merupakan salah satu permasalahan perkotaan yang menjadi masalah sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya. Dan hampir disemua kota di Indonesia mengalami kendala dalam mengelola sampah. Sama halnya seperti yang terjadi di wilayah Karawang, Jawa barat. Untuk itu pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan perancangan PLTSa sebagai solusi pemanfaatan sampah. Salah satu bagian dari Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Sampah (PLTSa) adalah cerobong. Yang menjadi permasalahan dari pembakaran sampah adalah asap, bau, dan panas yang dihasilkan. Pada penelitian ini penulis membuat mesin cerobong incinerator PLTSa dengan sistem air pollution control untuk mengurangi emisi gas buang hasil pembakaran sampah di incinerator. Dari hasil pengujian cerobong incinerator PLTSa dengan sistem air pollution control suhu output terbesar 35,6℃, untuk uji emisi gas buang kandungan CO pada cerobong sebelum di filter 0,64% dan kadar HC 82 ppm dan setelah menggunakan filter menjadi 0,46% dan kadar HC sebesar 68 ppm. Selanjutnya terjadi juga perubahan pada kandungan CO2, tidak menggunakan filter sebesar 9,7% dan kadar O2 sebesar 10,97%. Ketika menggunakan filter, kandungan CO2  menurun menjadi 6,3% dan kandungan O2 meningkat menjadi 14,11%.
Analisis Kegagalan Baut Exhausted Lokomotif Mesin Diesel Elektrik Ditinjau dari Struktur Mikro Material dan Distribusi Tegangan oleh Momen Puntir
Authors: Adriathma Abduh Bayu , Kurdi Ojo , Satrijo Djoeli , Suprihanto Agus
Published: December 2021

Lokomotif merupakan bagian dari kereta api dimana terdapat mesin untuk menggerakkan kereta api. Salah satu jenis dari kereta api di Indonesia yaitu menggunakan mesin diesel. Pada mesin diesel terdapat exhaust yang berfungsi sebagai saluran pembuangan gas emisi. Perawatan lokomotif memungkinkan terjadinya patah pada baut exhaust. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab kegagalan dari baut yang dipakai pada exhaust lokomotif diesel dengan meninjau perubahan struktur mikroskopik yang terjadi pada baut dengan kondisi temperature tinggi dan mengetahui distribusi tegangan yang terjadi pada baut pada saat pelepasan. Kondisi pada daerah exhaust lokomotif kereta api dapat mencapai diatas 750°C menyebabkan perubahan struktur kristal dari material pada baut. Modulus kegagalan punter lebih rawan terjadi pada material ulet. Material baut SAE grade 5 ukuran 1 inch memiliki nilai torsi maksimum material 885,8 N.m dengan nilai standardnya yaitu 664 N.m. Dengan demikian menunjukkan bahwa pada saat temperature ruang torsi yang diberikan pada saat pelepasan baut memiliki nilai yang aman, namun dengan meningkatnya temperature menurunkan nilai tegangan maksimum material baut untuk terdeformasi puntir.
Analisis Perbaikan Stern Tube Poros Propeller Single Screw pada Kapal General Cargo 4192 GT
Authors: Sulaiman Sulaiman , Sugeng Sunarso , Ridwan Mohammad
Published: December 2021

Dalam proses perencanaan kapal, pada tahap pemasangan poros propulsi di kapal, tentu saja diperlukan penyelarasan yang benar. Kesalahan dapat menyebabkan distribusi beban yang tidak merata pada bantalan, akibatnya menyebabkan abrasi yang tidak normal, kondisi kelebihan beban, kelebihan beban dan kerusakan pada bagian bantalan tertentu, hal tersebut berlaku juga kepada struktur yang mendapat beban statis sebagai tumpuannya. perlunya uji numerik untuk proses analisa terjadinya beban berlebih dalam persiapan reparasi bantalan poros propeller sehingga menunjukan  karakter hidrodinamik dan beban yang terjadi ketika bantalan dan poros propeller mulai kontak. Tujuan penelitian ini,menganalisis desain bantalan poros propeller untuk direparasi dan untuk mendapatkan performa terbaik dari sistem kontak antara bantalan dengan poros propeller sehingga merepresentasikan perbandingan kinerja dari propeller sebelum dan sesudah perbaikan. Metode perhitungan dengan metode finite elemen berbasis persamaan matematik merepresentasikan tegangan yang terjadi sesuai karakter material bronze ( AlBr dan CuSn)  yang diaplikasikan pada performa bantalan proros propeller kapal tipe general cargo seberat 4192 GT. Hasil analisa menunjukan saat putaran propeller pada rpm mesin yang optimum, tegangan maksimum juga terjadi sesuai dengan hasil percobaan temperatur yang terjadi juga semakin tinggi. Pada beban rpm 525 maka shear stress untuk stern tube material AlBr bernilai 978 Mpa dan pada material SnCu bernilai 948 Mpa. Nilai deflect atau cleareance pada setiap posisi setelah dilakukan perbaikan mengalami peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 24,4 % dari pengukuran awal sebelum dilakukan reparasi. Proses reparasi menunjukan performa yang cukup baik, rata-rata temperatur kerja yang dihasilkan ketika dilakukan pengujian sea trial menurun dari sebelumnya sebesar 7,5%.
Kajian Awal Material Pembuat Toe Cap (Safety Shoes) menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga
Authors: Firmansyah Hendrix Noviyanto , Anggoro Ayub Budhi , Safriana Eni
Published: December 2021

Toe cap merupakan bagian utama dari safety shoes sebagai pelindung diri dari tertimpa benda saat bekerja. Beragam jenis material dapat digunakan dalam pembuatan toe cap asal memenuhi persyaratan salah satunya adalah mampu menahan beban tekan sebesar 15.000 N. Persyaratan yang lainnya adalah dapat menahan beban impak sebesar 200J. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan kajian mengenai jenis material apa saja yang cocok untuk dijadikan bahan pembuat toe cap. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan membuat model sederhana dalam perangkat lunak MSC Patran/nastran dan memasukkan material yang selanjutnya dilakukan analisa untuk mendapatkan parameter tegangan, masa dan defleksi toe cap. Material yang digunakan adalah steel, aluminum, carbon/epoxy, eglass epoxy, dan kevlar/epoxy. Analisa menunjukkan bahwa material steel memiliki kemampuan paling baik, namun memiliki berat yang paling besar juga. Selain steel kandidat yang  aman lainnya adalah aluminum dan carbon/epoxy. Sedangkan material eglass/epoxy dan kevlar/epoxy menurut kriteria Tsai Wu terjadi kegagalan pada layer 5 &1. Berdasarkan pada nilai keamaan, masa dan defleksi, maka carbon/epoxy adalah pilihan yang terbaik.
Penerapan Teknologi Mesin Bending guna Mempercepat Proses Bending pada Produk Gantungan Ayam di PT Todda Perkasa Semarang
Authors: Khoryanton Ampala , Purnomo Adhy , Putri Farika Tono , Nashrullah Miftah
Published: December 2021

PT Todda Perkasa Semarang merupakan ukm yang berkecimpung dalam industri produksi peralatan dapur, alat pengolah makanan dan rumah potong ayam. Material yang digunakan adalah stainless steel untuk membuat produk-produknya. Saat ini  produk hanger/gantungan ayam merupakan produk unggulan di perusahaan ini karena order dari customer (rumah potong ayam) sangat besar mencapai 300 unit per minggu, namun tidak semua order bisa di tangani dengan baik. Perusahaan masih mengalami hambatan dibidang teknologi dan manajemen produksinya. Hanger/gantungan ayam tersebut diproduksi dengan gerinda tangan untuk memotong raw material kemudian dilakukan penekukan dengan mesin bending manual, akibat mesin bending yang masih manual dan mengandalkan tenaga operator sehingga produktivitas produksi hanger/gantungan ayam rendah sehingga perusahaan membatasi penerimaan pesanan produk tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan redesain mesin bending model rotary dengan penggerak motor listrik, dan melakukan pendampingan teknologi pengoperasaian pada karyawan PT. Todda Perkasa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan redesain pada mesin tekuk proses pembuatan dan pengujian alat. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan hasil redesain sudah sesuai kualitas yang diharapkan serta waktu proses bending dapat dipercepat 656,7 detik
Analisis Efisiensi Tata Potong pada Praktik Kerja Plat Mahasiswa Jurusan Teknik Mesin
Authors: Ardjo Anwar Sukito , Kristiawan Timotius Anggit , Nugroho Wahyu Isti , Yanuar Padang
Published: December 2021

Aktivitas praktik kerja plat pada program studi teknik mesin penggunaan lembaran baja masih belum efisien. Sisa pemotongan yang berukuran besar masih cukup banyak dan lembar kerja belum memberi kompetensi tata potong. Hal ini menimbulkan kerugian bila terjadi pada produksi masal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah adalah melakukan analisis efisiensi tata potong plat baja pada praktik kerja plat mahasiswa jurusan teknik mesin. Obyek penelitian dilakukan untuk empat macam produk, yaitu : coolant box, keys box, paper trays, dan tools box. Metode yang digunakan adalah System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) yang terdiri dari prosedur-prosedur : analisis, desain, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Hasil penelitian berupa algoritma tata potong yang dimmplementasikan dapat menghasilkan efisiensi untuk tiap lembar plat baja : 24 set untuk produk coolant box,  12 set untuk produk keys box, 6 set untuk paper trays, dan 6 set untuk tools box. Disarankan agar pembelajaran praktik kerja plat dapat menerapkan algoritma tata potong untuk sebuah lembaran plaat baja utuh berukuran 2.400 mm x 1.200 mm.
Komunikasi Anti Hoax: Upaya LDNU dalam Membangun Persepsi Masyarakat untuk Mencegah Berita Hoax Melalui Media Massa
Authors: Arrozi M. Nasrullah Jamaluddin Arrozi
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan usaha yang memiliki tujuan untuk menggambarkan perubahan dan kemajuan teknologi informasi secara ke-Lembagaan dan persepsi masyarakat. Informasi atau berita menjadi medium yang dibutuhkan setiap personal untuk mengkases pengetahuan melalui jejaring internet tanpa ada batas teritori dan waktu. Peran sebuah lembaga menjadi penting untuk membangun tatanan pemahaman masyarakat agar memahami isi berita tanpa terindikasi hoax. Ruang maya inilah jalur tercepat mengakses berita online, karena sebagian besar masyarakat sudah memiliki handphone berbasis internet dengan tambahan vitur yang sangat dibutuhkan juga oleh masyarakat. Hoax atau berita bohong merupakan informasi yang telah di setting agar menarik opini massa demi kepentingan tertentu. Jenis hoax tidak hanya isi berita namun foto, video, dan gambar lainnya dapat diolah menjadi berita bohong. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah hasil pergerakan Lembaga Dakwah NU melalui situs berita, media sosial Instagram. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakaan tinjauan literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjangan berita bohong sangat mempengaruhi masyarakat.  Etika komunikasi   telah dikerjakan oleh lembaga dan diminimalisir dengan adanya berita bohong. Tentunya upaya ini melalui pembangunan persepsi masyarakat sebagai salah satu kunci pencegahan hoax (berita bohong) yang selama ini masih menggerus pola pikir masyarkat. Prinsip komunikasi telah memberikan jalur dalam menyalurkan isi pesan yang harus disampaikan secara faktual tanpa indikasi kebohongan didalamnya. Prinsip dan etika yang berlandaskan pengetahuan dan keilmuan menjadi aktivitas komunikasi untuk mencegah hoax (berita bohong).
PERANAN BADAN PERMUSYAWARATAN DESA DALAM PENYUSUNAN ANGGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA DESA (APBDes) MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG DESA
Authors: Syariffuddin
Published: December 2021

Sejak di tetapkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa, maka pemerintah, pemerintah daerah provinsi, dan pemerintah daerah kabupaten/kota dapat melakukan penataan desa. Dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa dibentuk Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) sebagai lembaga legislasi dan wadah yang berfungsi untuk menampung dan menyalurkan aspirasi masyarakat. Penyusunan peraturan desa perlu Penyusunan Peraturan Desa tentang APBDes merupakan instrumen yang sangat penting dalam menentukan rangka perwujudan di lakukan proses penguatan kerjasama pemerintah desa, BPD, dan masyarakat. penelitian ini menggunakan metode penulisan hukum normatif, yakni yang bersumber dari bahan kepustakaan. Hasil pembahasan dalam penelitian ini menerangkan bahwa BPD memeliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam penyusunan APBDes, dimulai dari tahap inisiasi, sosio-politis dan yuridis.
ANALISIS PENGUJIAN PERATURAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Jamri  , Satriawan Novyar
Published: December 2021

Pengujian peratuan perundang-undangan di indonesia terdapat dua lembaga untuk mengajukan judicial review. Pertama menguji UU terhadap UUD 1945 kewenangan mengujinya ada pada Mahkamah Konstitusi. Kedua pengujian melalui judicial review peraturan perundang-undangan dibawah undang undang apabila bertentangan dengan undang-undang kewenangannya berda di Mahkamah Agung. pengujian peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia tersebut sebenarnya mejaga agar setiap produk peraturan perundang-undangan khususnya Undang-Undang di Indonesia dalam pembentukan norma tidak boleh bertentangan dengan norma yang telah ada pada konstitusi atau UUD 1945, begitu juga dengan pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan di bawah undang-undang tidak boleh bertentangan dengan undang-undang, dimana UUD 1945 sendiri telah di letakan pada posisi yang paling tinggi pada peraturan perundang-undangan.I. PENDAHULUANDalam sejarah ketatanegaraan Indonesia, gagasan untuk menyerahkan kewenangan menguji produk kekuasaan legislatif terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar (UUD) kepada kekuasaan kehakiman telah lama dikemukan oleh para pendiri dan tokoh bangsa. Hanya saja perjuangan tersebut hingga runtuhnya kekuasaan Orde Baru pada tahun 1999 selalu kandas di tengah jalan.1 Harusnya, sebagai sarana check and balances kewenangan pengujian pada badan kehakiman dianggap sangat penting untuk menghindari kekuasaan yang berlebihan.Peluang untuk melembagakan gagasan mengenai pentingnya badan kehakiman memiliki kewenangan menguji Undang-Undang (UU) semakin memperoleh dukungan luas dari masyarakat setelah Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR) hasil Pemilu 1999 memutuskan bahwa perlu di lakukan perubahan terhadap UUD 1945 memalui metode amandemen. Keputusan tersebut merupakan prasyarat untuk menyelenggarakan sistem penyelenggara pemerintahan negara yang lebih demokratis.2Setelah melalui perdebatan yang sengit akhirnya UUD 1945 mengalami amandemen, dimana salah satu hasil produk amandemen UUD 1945 adalah diberikannya kewenangan pengujian peraturan perundang-undangan melalui
Identifying the Problems Experienced by Parents of Children with Special Needs during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yavuz Mehmet , Bozak Burak , Cay Evgin , Eldeniz Çetin Müzeyyen
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the problems experienced by parents of children with special needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The phenomenological patterns technique, which is a qualitative research method, was used in the study. Ten parents with children with special needs who were affected by different types of disabilities were included in the study. The data in the research were collected using interview forms consisting of open-ended questions and a semi-structured interview technique. After the data obtained from the interviews were decoded, they were analyzed with the descriptive analysis technique. At the end of the study, the findings of the problems experienced by parents of children with special needs during the epidemic, the problems they experienced with their children, and the problems and expectations related to the education of their children were discussed in detail within the framework of the literature.
Manufacture of Gilded Threads in the 15-17th Centuries
Authors: Spiridonov Juri
Published: December 2021

Since ancient times, gilded threads have been used to decorate textiles in different cultures around the world. In the article, the author examines the threads manufacturing in the 16-17th centuries in Europe and Western Asia, trying to answer two, as it seems to him, the main questions: what was the method of gilding and what was the method of cutting if width error was less than 10 μm. It is assumed that the main gilding method was the diffusion one, and the main cutting method used rollers and a sharp blade at a small angle. The first one has not been proven but the second has been proved. The article lists all marks, diffusion and adhesion coefficients, human angular resolution, and much more.
ANALISIS PENGARUH NILAI KONDUKTIVITAS HIDRAULIK DAN DISPERSIVITAS DINAMIK TERHADAP REMEDIASI AIR TANAH MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI NUMERIK
Authors: Ramdhan Agus Mochamad , Arifin Arifin , Hermawan Erik , M. Hutasoit Lambok
Published: December 2021

Groundwater remediation is one of the solutions to restore the contaminated groundwater. This study was conducted to determine the effect of hydraulic conductivity and dynamic dispersivity on the groundwater remediation effectiveness. As a case study, in 2020, in an area located in Balikpapan, groundwater remediation will be carried out by injecting water containing NaOH through five wells and pumping it back through five wells to form a cycle. The method used is a numerical simulation consisting of groundwater flow simulation, mass transport, and sensitivity analysis. The results show that it takes 124 to 300 days for the injected NaOH to arrive at the pumping wells. The sensitivity analysis results show that when the hydraulic conductivity value is ten times greater, the time required is reduced to 84 to 172 days. Meanwhile, when the dynamic dispersivity is twice larger, the time required is reduced to 75 to 189 days. These results indicate that the groundwater remediation method will be effective for aquifers with high hydraulic conductivity and dynamic dispersivity values. For the study area, the groundwater remediation is suggested to be carried out by increasing the number of injection and pumping wells with a relatively close distance, i.e., around 10 meters, so that NaOH arrives at the pumping wells more quickly.Keywords: groundwater, remediation, hydraulic conductivity, dynamic dispersivity, numerical simulation
Medeniyet ve Cemiyet Harmanı: İslâm Şehirleri (7-19.Yüzyıl)
Authors: ÖZKAN Merve Nur
Published: December 2021

Şehirlerin, yeni medeniyetlere kapı açmasıyla öznel; medeniyet ve cemiyetler tarafından şekillenmesi ile nesnel olmak üzere iki yönü olmuştur. Şehirler medeniyetleri, medeniyetler de şehirleri etkilemiştir. Medeniyet ve cemiyetin harmanlandığı şehirlerden olan İslâm şehirleri, doğasında olan farklı kültürlerle etkileşerek zengin bir çeşitliliğe sahip olmasına karşın, İslâm Medeniyetinin özünü kaybetmemesi ile ortak unsurlara sahip olmuştur. Bu sebeple cemiyet, İslâm Medeniyeti ve İslâm şehirleri üçlüsünün birbirinden ayrı değil, bütüncül bir bakış açısı ile değerlendirilmesi önemli bir konu olmuştur. Yapılan bu çalışmada, bir disiplin olarak şehirlerin incelendiği literatür, şehirlerin rolleri, şehirlerin kendi kimliği ile okunmasının önemi, İslâmî öz ve değerler ışığında 7-19. yüzyıl aralığındaki İslâm Medeniyeti ve cemiyet harmanı İslâm şehirleri ele alınmıştır.