bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methods of analysis and visualization of active fires and burnt areas of geospatial data
Authors: Arsirii Olena O. , Krachunov Hristo , Smyk Sergiy Yu. , Troianovska Yuliia L.
Published: May 2022

The paper deals with the characteristics of remote sensing systems for forest fires and the analysis of their consequences in terms of burned areas. . The capabilities of the American system FIRMS and the complex European system EFFIS are considered. Algorithms and methods for processing medium resolution satellite observations (MODIS) are analyzed. These images are from Terra and Aqua satellites, namely Land MOD14 / MYD14 for active fire detection and MCD45 for burned areas. The results of a comparative analysis of the best known services MCD45A1, MCD64A1, MCD14ML and ESA's Fire_CCMCD45 service from MCD45 are presented. Their capabilities for monitoring burned areas were compared. It is shown that in the absence of a common state system of remote sensing in Ukraine, it is necessary to use the capabilities of modern, publicly available geographic information systems. For example, the cloud service Google Earth Engine (GEE) is used to retrieve and process satellite data on forest fires and their consequences. The use of GEE makes it possible to obtain geospatial data of forest fire zones and their consequences. These parameters are determined by the date, region, type of multichannel satellite and its channels (layering). Based on this information, a method for processing, analyzing and visualizing geodata of forest fires and their consequences was developed. The method consists of five steps, namely: obtaining input data from publicly available geographic information web services; pre-processing (filtering) of multi-channel satellite images; calculation of indexed images; their thresholding; storing the original data in cloud storage. The following recommendations are developed: on the selection of spectral indices; construction and use of radiometric correctionmasks; clouds; and a water mask. The study on the possibility of methods to detect forest fires and their consequences is implemented using Google Earth Engine. Comparative characteristics of the number and area of forest fires obtained from the general statisticaldata using the proposed method are given. The implementation of the proposed method has increased the efficiency of detection of dangerous areas.
Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Endoscopic Management of Peripancreatic Fluid Collections
Authors: Oh Chi Hyuk , Song Tae Jun , Lee Jun Kyu , Park Jin-Seok , Lee Jae Min , Son Jun Hyuk , Jang Dong Kee , Choi Miyoung , Byeon Jeong-Sik , Lee In Seok , Lee Soo Teik , Choi Ho Soon , Kim Ho Gak , Chun Hoon Jai , Park Chan Guk , Cho Joo Young
Published: May 2022

Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided intervention has gradually become a standard treatment for peripancreatic fluid collections (PFCs). However, it is difficult to popularize the procedure in Korea because of restrictions on insurance claims regarding the use of endoscopic accessories, as well as the lack of standardized Korean clinical practice guidelines. The Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (appointed a Task Force to develope medical guidelines by referring to the manual for clinical practice guidelines development prepared by the National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency. Previous studies on PFCs were searched, and certain studies were selected with the help of experts. Then, a set of key questions was selected, and treatment guidelines were systematically reviewed. Answers to these questions and recommendations were selected via peer review. This guideline discusses endoscopic management of PFCs and makes recommendations on indication for the procedure, pre-procedural preparations, optimal approach for drainage, procedural considerations (e.g., types of stent, advantages and disadvantages of plastic and metal stents, and accessories), adverse events of endoscopic intervention, and procedural quality issues. This guideline was reviewed by external experts and suggests best practices recommended based on the evidence available at the time of preparation. This will be revised as necessary to address advances and changes in technology and evidence obtained in clinical practice and future studies.
Sociocultural Dynamics of Identity
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Chapla Tatyana Vitalievna
Published: May 2022

The instability of the current situation and the forced search for oneself in the world of “current modernity”, by a requirement in forming in the process of socialization, authentication of personality able to be commuted from one identity to other. Target. The subject of the author’s attention will be an analysis of the dynamics of identity formation in a historical context that has gone from “We” to “I” and “I’”. Methodology and methods. The research is based on three scientific paradigms: 1) symbolic interactionism; 2) discursive approach; 3) sociology of knowledge. Results. The dynamics of identity formation in the history of mankind has gone through at least three stages, in the direction from “We”, when the problems of adaptation to the environment came to the fore. As the division of labor intensifies and the transition from polytheism to monotheism, a lot of “we” are added to the “We”-identity, associated with different spheres of society and human life, and the class structure of society rigidly fixed the subject within society and prescribed identity and led identification. New time gave a rise to “I”-identity, which was characterized by the desire to create a holistic personality, responsible for their actions. In the twentieth century, after the war, an “I’”-identity was formed, where there was no stable core, due to that the subject was in the process of transition from one self to another, and that brought a certain chaos into his life. Conclusion. The history of identity formation is a continuous process of transition from “We”-identity, based on an imitation, to “I”-identity, formed on the base of processes of educating, and “I’” identity, based on the processes of switching (transition) from one identity to other.
Video Media Enhansing Professional Language Learning in Tertiary Education
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of Russian Federation, Achkasova Natalia Nikolaevna
Published: May 2022

The issue of using video materials on professional topics for students of non-linguistic universities in English for professional growth and modernization of foreign language education of the faculty of finance and economics is being updated. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main questions of working with video materials for intensification of English Language Teaching. The article presents a review of domestic and foreign literature on the problems of enhancing the process of teaching foreign languages and English in particular, using Internet and video. Discussions with students and their feedback and generalizations of pedagogical experience are described. As a result, methodological recommendations on the topic of using video materials are considered and analyzed, recommendations on successful work in the classroom and independent work at home are presented. The difficulties that students and teachers face when working with video materials are outlined. Priorities, which are defined as key ones for the use of video materials in the classroom are defined.
Professional Training of the Future Teacher in the Conditions of Modern Classical University Education
Authors:   Altai State University, Morozova Olga Petrovna
Published: May 2022

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental research, which indicate that the features of modern classical university education (fundamentalization, humanitarization, integration, innovative scientific and educational environment, active participation of students in activities that are essentially socio-pedagogical in nature, etc.) largely determine the process of professional training of future teachers at the university. It is shown that if these features are objectified in real reality, then under certain conditions, some students of the classical university begin to form a professional and pedagogical orientation, which is expressed in the emergence of motivation for pedagogical activity the needs for the implementation of pedagogical functions, pedagogical orientation of thinking, systematic vision of pedagogical reality, etc. The conditions are revealed, the implementation of which contributes to the emergence of these neoplasms in students as the most important professional and personal characteristics of a teacher.
Metabolomic Profiling of the Blood of Patients with Chronic Consciousness Disorders
Authors: Orlova A. A. , Kondrat'eva E. A. , Dubrovskii Ya. A. , Dryagina N. V. , Verbitskaya E. V. , Kondratev S. A. , Kostareva A. A. , Kondratev A. N.
Published: May 2022

The main variants of chronic consciousness disorder (CCD) developing in adverse coma outcome are vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS) and minimal consciousness state (MCS).   The aim of the study was to investigate the main differences in metabolomic abnormalities in patients with VS / UWS and MCS, as well as to identify changes in metabolomics depending on sleep or wakefulness phase.   Materials and Methods. Untargeted metabolome analysis of blood plasma of 10 patients in VS / UWS (group 1) and 6 patients in MCS (group 2) was performed using reversed-phase and hydrophilic chromatography methods. The underlying conditions of brain injury were TBI (2 in group 1 and 5 in group 2) and hypoxia (8 in group 1 and 1 in group 2). The internal jugular vein was catheterized in all patients, and blood was collected while awake during the daytime for 2 days. Aliquots of pooled plasma samples were purified from protein components and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography in two modes: reversed-phase and hydrophilic ones. Mass-spectrometric detection was performed in full ion current scanning mode: registration of positively charged ions in the m/z range from 50 to 1300 a.u. Data were adjusted and normalized using MS-DIAL software ver. 4.70 software; differences were identified using analysis of variance, discriminant and cluster analysis. The data were analyzed and visualized using MetaboAnalyst 5.0 software (https://www.metaboanalyst.ca).   Results. Four major metabolites (at VIP > 0.5), which content was most modulated depending on the study group, were identified including 4 (m/z 124.0867, Rt = 17.67, p < 0.01), 33 (m/z 782.5722, Rt = 17.69, p < 0.01), 6 (m/z 125.0904, Rt = 18.43, p < 0.01) and 1 (m/z 463.2304, Rt = 15.78, p < 0.01), with no significant differences between daytime and nighttime blood samples. Significant quantitative differences were shown for three metabolites in the groups, 14 (m/z 162.1126, Rt = 10.28, p < 0.01), 35 (m/z 780.5483, Rt = 7.65, p < 0.01), and 41 (m/z 806.5649, Rt = 7.58, p < 0.01), and four metabolites when comparing the daytime and nighttime samples: 14 (m/z 162.1126, Rt = 10.28, p = 0.0201), 35 (m/z 780.5483, Rt = 7.65, p < 0.01), 41 (m/z 806.5649, Rt = 7.58, p < 0.01), and 48 (m/z 848.5354, Rt = 7.65, p < 0.01).   Conclusion. Untargeted metabolomic analysis confirmed the hypothesis of likely significant quantitative and qualitative differences in metabolite composition depending on the type of CCD and circadian rhythm. The study established a set of metabolites that are potential biomarkers for differential diagnosis of VS/UWS and MCS including 4, 33, 6, 1 (in the experiment on the reversed-phase column) and 14, 35, 41, 48 (in the experiment on the hydrophilic column), based on their significant contribution to intergroup and intragroup differences. Further studies will be aimed to characterize the identified metabolites.
Comorbidities Coma Scale (CoCoS): Linguistic and Cultural Adaptation of the Russian-Language Version
Authors: Suponeva N. A. , Piradov M. A. , Ryabinkina Yu. V. , Yusupova Dj. G. , Zimin A. A. , Kirichenko O. A. , Buzgan N. G. , Yatsko K. A. , Sergeev D. V. , Zaytsev A. B. , Legostayeva L. A. , Yazeva E. G. , Shcherbakova E. S. , Bundhun P. , Ramchandani N. M. , Pistoia F.
Published: May 2022

Identification of complications and control of comorbidities are essential in monitoring the patients with chronic disorders of consciousness and predicting their outcomes. The researchers of the Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences of the University of L'Aquila (Italy) developed the Comorbidities Coma Scale (CoCoS) for a comprehensive assessment of such patients. Lack of an officially validated version of the scale hampers its use in Russia, while using versions which have not been completely validated prevents clinicians from obtaining reliable results when examining patients with chronic disorders of consciousness.   Aim. To develop the official Russian language version of the Comorbidities Coma Scale, considering various linguistic and cultural parameters, as a part of the 1st stage of the validation study.   Material and methods. The first stage of validation was completed: direct and reverse translation of the scale was performed by two independent medical translators. The translated version was assessed by an expert board including an expert translator, neurologists, and critical care specialists. Pilot test and two meetings of the expert board, before and after testing, were arranged to assess the results and approve the final Russian version of the scale.   Results. During the first meeting of the expert board, corrections were made in the Russian language version of the scale in terms of language and cultural adaptation. Pilot testing was carried out based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The researchers had no difficulties in understanding and interpreting the instructions for the scale. The second meeting of the expert board was held thereupon, and the final version of the Russian language version of the scale was adopted, which is available on the website of the Center for Validation of Health Status Questionnaires and Scales of the Research Center of Neurology.   Conclusion. The first stage of validation, i. e., linguistic and cultural adaptation, was carried out at the Research Center of Neurology (Moscow, Russia). For the first time, the Russian version of the scale for assessing comorbidities in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness was presented and approved for the practical use. The future publications will address the psychometric results of the scale such as sensitivity, validity, reliability.
Engaging Families in Life Course Intervention Research: An Essential Step in Advancing Equity
Authors: Hoover Clarissa , Ware Allysa , Serano Andrea , Verbiest Sarah
Published: May 2022

Life course intervention research requires a thorough understanding of complex factors that interact to affect health over time. Partnerships with families and communities are critical to understanding these interconnections and identifying effective interventions. Here, family and community engagement are presented, aligned with the 5 phases of the life course intervention research framework: planning, design, implementation, evaluation, and translation. During planning, the researcher considers their own starting position and what they need to learn from families and the community. The design phase produces a plan for family engagement that is layered, iterative, and includes qualitative methods that will inform life course modeling and the research process. The implementation phase includes administrative actions such as creating opportunities for contributions and providing compensation to family and community partners. The evaluation phase requires measurement of the quality of partnerships with families and community and includes making adjustments as indicated to improve these partnerships. This phase also calls for reflection on the impact these partnerships had on the intervention, including if they made a difference for those being served. During translation, the researcher works with all partners, including families and communities, about follow up steps toward project continuation, replication, or completion. The researcher also works collaboratively in determining how the study results are shared. A holistic approach to health over the life course that is designed and executed in partnership with families and their community can generate research findings with broad practical applicability and strong translational potential.
Family Health Development in Life Course Research: A Scoping Review of Family Functioning Measures
Authors: Ramaswami Saswati B. , Jensen Todd , Berghaus Mary , De-Oliveira Sophia , Russ Shirley A. , Weiss-Laxer Nomi , Verbiest Sarah , Barkin Shari
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Our objective is to identify common family functioning measurement tools and assess their compatibility with family-health development and life-course perspectives.

METHODS

Data sources include PubMed, ERIC, CINAHL, Families and Societies Worldwide, PsychInfo, Web of Science, PsychNet, and Health and Psychosocial Instruments. Title and abstract screening and full-text review of articles were conducted by multiple reviewers based on prespecified inclusion criteria. Data extraction focused on features of identified measurements tools, including: (1) name (2) domains of family functioning measured, (3) established psychometric properties, and (4) original context of psychometric evaluation (eg, details about the study sample).

RESULTS

Of the 50 measurement tools identified, 94% measured organizational patterns (eg, flexibility, connectedness, or resources), 46% measured belief systems (eg, making meaning of adversity, or positive outlook), and 54% measured communication processes (eg, open emotional sharing, or collaborative problem-solving).

CONCLUSIONS

Existing measures of family functioning can aid life-course researchers in understanding family processes as contexts for health and well-being. There also remain opportunities to refine or develop measures of family functioning more compatible with a life-course perspective that assess family processes (1) at various life stages; (2) with various backgrounds, identities, structures, and experiences; and (3) embedded in or impacted by various contexts that may facilitate or hinder family functioning.
Applying a Health Development Lens to Canada’s Youth Justice Minimum Age Law
Authors: Barnert Elizabeth S. , Gallagher Devan , Lei Haoyi , Abrams Laura S.
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVES

We applied a Life Course Health Development (LCHD) framework to examine experts’ views on Canada’s youth justice minimum age law of 12, which excludes children aged 11 and under from the youth justice system.

METHODS

We interviewed 21 experts across Canada to understand their views on Canada’s youth justice minimum age of 12. The 7 principles of the LCHD model (health development, unfolding, complexity, timing, plasticity, thriving, harmony) were used as a guiding framework for qualitative data analysis to understand the extent to which Canada’s approach aligns with developmental science.

RESULTS

Although the LCHD framework was not directly discussed in the interviews, the 7 LCHD framework concepts emerged in the analyses and correlated with 7 justice principles, which we refer to as “LCHD Child Justice Principles.” Child involvement in the youth justice system was considered to be developmentally inappropriate, with alternative systems and approaches regarded as better suited to support children and address root causes of disruptive behaviors, so that all children could reach their potential and thrive.

CONCLUSIONS

Canada’s approach to its minimum age law aligns with the LCHD framework, indicating that Canada’s approach adheres to concepts of developmental science. Intentionally applying LCHD-based interventions may be useful in reducing law enforcement contact of adolescents in Canada, and of children and adolescents in the United States, which currently lacks a minimum age law.
Interventions for Health and Well-Being in School-Aged Children and Adolescents: A Way Forward
Authors: Vaivada Tyler , Sharma Naeha , Das Jai K. , Salam Rehana A. , Lassi Zohra S. , Bhutta Zulfiqar A.
Published: May 2022

The health and well-being of school-aged children has received little attention compared with younger children aged < 5 years and adolescents. In this final article in a supplement of reviews that have assessed the effectiveness of interventions for school-aged children across a variety of health-related domains (including infectious diseases, noncommunicable diseases, healthy lifestyle, mental health, unintentional injuries, and sexual and reproductive health), we summarize the main findings and offer a way forward for future research, policy, and implementation. We complement this evidence base on interventions with a summary of the literature related to enabling policies and intersectoral actions supporting school-aged child health. The school represents an important platform for both the delivery of preventive interventions and the collection of data related to child health and academic achievement, and several frameworks exist that help to facilitate the creation of a health-promoting environment at school.
ESSENCE, CONTENT AND MAIN FEATURES OF THE JUDICIARY
Authors: Popadynets H. O.
Published: May 2022

The article considers the essence, content and main features of the judiciary. Different approaches of domestic and foreign scholars to the definition of the concept and content of the judiciary are analyzed. It is determined that the judiciary in a democratic state governed by the rule of law, in essence, belongs to the system of democracy. It ensures the realization of the most important constitutional rights and freedoms of man and citizen, the rights of communities and the people as a whole. The democratic foundations of the organization and functioning of the judiciary (the presence of juries, the independence of judges, the adversarial nature of the parties) make it possible to consider it as a “special channel for the exercise of people’s power”. The Constitution of Ukraine, along with the consolidation of the signs of statehood for the judiciary, with its norms introduces in more detail the principle of the primacy of democracy in the exercise of judicial power. It is noted that such concepts as “judiciary”, “judicial system”, “justice” are related, but not identical. It has been established that the judiciary, by its purpose and functions, has a special advantage among other branches of government, as there is no such activity of the state that would not be subject to judicial control. The jurisdiction of the court extends to all legal relations arising in the state. In the system of counterbalances, the judiciary is endowed with a legal opportunity to influence the decisions and actions of the legislature and the executive, to “balance” them. These powers are fully exercised by the courts in the administration of justice. The main features of the judiciary are identified, which are exclusivity, independence, completeness, subordination, unity, independence, enshrined at the constitutional and legal level and interconnected and interdependent. It is noted that the constitutional modernization of the judiciary in Ukraine, which is not yet complete, should be based on understanding its essence and content, to improve the judicial mechanism of protection of citizens, the role in the development of legal and democratic statehood. The creation of a dynamic and effective judiciary is a prerequisite for the stabilization of the entire state system, the successful integration of our state into the legal field of civilized countries, the key to its progress.
PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE TO A WITNESS DURING HIS/HER INTERROGATION
Authors: Karpenko V. M.
Published: May 2022

An analysis of criminal procedural legislation has been carried out in order to determine the powers of a counsel when providing legal assistance to a witness during his/her interrogation. It has been established that the legal regulation of counsel's participation in the interrogation of a witness does not allow counsel to exercise the right to professional assistance effectively and does not comply with the requirement of legal certainty of the legislation. Where the procedural rights of a witness are to be exercised directly by him or her alone, professional legal assistance involves explaining the essence of these procedural rights and how to exercise them, as well as monitoring compliance with the criminal procedure legislation by those conducting the interrogation. During the examination of a witness, a counsel shall monitor compliance with the requirements of the criminal procedure legislation, which may be grouped as follows: requirements as to the time, place and duration of the examination; requirements as to the witness's awareness of the grounds for the examination and his or her procedural status; compliance with the criminal procedure form of conducting and registration of the examination results. Effective exercising of a witness's right to professional assistance during questioning depends on the opportunity to consult a counsel both before the first interrogation and during the questioning. The appropriateness of legislative determination of the procedural status of persons providing explanations and regulation of the explanation collection procedure have been substantiated. It has been substantiated that the procedural status of a counsel for a witness needs to be regulated by granting the following procedural rights the counsel: to advise the witness; to ask questions to the witness to clarify and supplement his/her answers; to object to illegal actions related to the questioning procedure; to file a motion on the questioning procedure; to challenge the actions, decisions and omissions of the investigator, inquiry officer or prosecutor concerning the witness questioning procedure.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS AGAINST CORRUPTION IN UKRAINE NOWADAYS
Authors: Melenko O. V. , Hryndei L. M. , Stratii O. V.
Published: May 2022

This article provides a complex analysis of corruption crimes in Ukraine. The analysis is showing that a third of corruption crimes are committed in five regions of Ukraine, and a conclusion was made about the uneven corruption environment. It was found that in the structure of corruption crimes the largest part is occupied by administrative corruption crimes. In general, the structure of administrative corruption crimes in Ukraine is homogeneous. Almost all administrative corruption crimes concern violations of financial control requirements. In other words, the vast majority of Ukrainian corrupt criminals hide or distort information about their income and foreign financial investments. In the structure of criminal corruption crimes, the largest share is occupied by offenses related to obtaining illegal benefits and abuse of official position. On the other side, in the structure of disciplinary liability for corruption crimes, the largest share is occupied by offenses related to non-compliance with the requirements of financial control, a conflict of interests, and the receipt of illegal benefits. Based on a comprehensive analysis of corruption crimes in Ukraine, a behavioral stereotype of a Ukrainian corruptor has been developed. The logical sequence of actions of the Ukrainian corruptor has six stages: one's main interest is their own benefit, which excludes the interests of the nation and society; abuses one's official position; receives illegal benefits; rapidly accumulates material goods; stores money abroad; hides and distorts information about personal income. This article systematizes the psychological characteristics of a corruptor. The psychological portrait of a corruptor is formed by specific moral and psychological traits and socio-role characteristics, such as feelings of permissiveness and influence, envy, vanity, money cult, sociability, a propensity to risk, lack of empathy, careerism, ostentatious control. Ostentatious control means a demonstration of «poker face», which hides irresponsibility, unreliability, impulsiveness, emotional instability, aggression. The article proposes a number of institutional changes aimed at reducing the corruption environment in Ukraine.
A duração fílmica como um problema da teoria e da crítica de cinema
Authors: Callou Hermano
Published: May 2022

Este artigo pretende discutir a duração como um problema cinematográfico, a partir de uma investigação genealógica sobre a formulação do conceito de duração na teoria e na crítica de cinema. O artigo pretende comentar três momentos importantes em que o termo adquiriu valor teórico significativo no discurso crítico, de modo a investigar os problemas originais que deram forma ao conceito e a apreciar a sua significância na história do cinema.
Abertura à experiência e preferência em obras de arte figurativas e não figurativas
Authors: Vasconcellos Silvio José Lemos , Jager Márcia Elisa , Mucenecki Thiago Ferreira , Coelho Vanessa Cristina Nascimento , Dvoranovski Natália Crestani , Rodrigues Bruna Fragoso
Published: May 2022

A arte não representacional é outra maneira de aludir à arte abstrata, sendo um estilo no qual os objetos não se parecem com aqueles que se apresentam na natureza física concreta. No último século, foram realizadas investigações experimentais sobre estética e personalidade objetivando revelar fatores contribuintes para as diferenças quanto às preferências artísticas. Este estudo explorou as associações entre abertura à experiência e preferência por arte visual. Os participantes completaram a Escala Fatorial de Abertura e classificaram a preferência por quatro imagens diferentes correspondentes à arte representativa e não representativa. A análise estatística dos dados revelou uma correlação positiva entre o fator Fantasia e a apreciação pelas pinturas abstratas (r =.20). Não foi verificada uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre essa dimensão e a apreciação de pinturas figurativas. Embora esses achados sejam exploratórios, outras medidas mais completas relacionadas às diferenças individuais e preferências artísticas poderão ser utilizadas em novos estudos no Brasil.
Crises da Democracia, de Adam Przeworski
Authors: Pedron Laura Freitas
Published: May 2022

A resenha a seguir tem o objetivo de explicar os pontos principais que o autor, Adam Przeworski, aborda em seu livro Crises na Democracia. Nele, o renomado cientista político e membro da Academia Americana de Artes e Ciências discute e relata sobre a atual crise que as democracias estão sofrendo. O autor também propõe uma análise aprofundada das causas e dos sinais da crise. No entanto, Pzeworski vai além, pois ele discute sobre as explicações para esta situação, as suas expectativas e as possíveis resoluções para esses sistemas em crise. Essa é uma discussão de extrema importância para a dinâmica da vida em sociedade no momento vigente.
Traditional knowledge applied to hunting and breeding of the vulnerable Yellow-footed Tortoise (Chelonoidis denticulatus) in the Cazumbá-Iracema Extractive Reserve, Acre, Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Marcela Álvares , Costa-Rodrigues Ana Paula Vitoria , Muniz Calouro Armando
Published: May 2022

Hunting is intensely practiced in the Amazon and is related to the survival of riverside communities as a source of income and food. This study was conducted at Resex Cazumbá-Iracema between June and November, in the dry season and the beginning of the flood period. Twenty-one families were monitored, six hunting events were followed, and 23 C. denticulatus individuals were recorded, all of which were categorized as opportunistic. Among the studied individuals, 11 were males and 12 females, and those with a carapace over 40 cm were considered adults. The tortoise is captured mainly for food, but there are beliefs concerning its medicinal use in treating inflammatory  diseases. Reptiles, in general, are among the least hunted species for food in the Amazon. This preference may be related to the higher mammals’ biomass and the birds’ species richness. However, its importance for consumption may vary according to the location.
Seminário temático: estratégia para desenvolver as competências socioemocionais nas aulas de linguagens
Authors: Luis Lima da Silva Jeferson , De Oliveira Celso Cardoso Sara
Published: May 2022

O uso de seminários na práxis pedagógica com as competências socioemocionais busca desenvolver no aluno a capacidade de resolução de problemas, autorregulação e empatia, que por sua vez, ajudam a melhorar o desempenho acadêmico e criam climas positivos na sala de aula. Neste contexto, este estudo objetivou construir uma análise da implementação de seminários temáticos nas aulas de Linguagens à luz do desenvolvimento das competências socioemocionais preconizadas pela Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação desenvolvida em uma instituição de ensino particular do município de Porciúncula/RJ. Os resultados evidenciaram que o seminário temático possibilita o aluno a aprender habilidades de comunicação, questionar, apresentar, debater, utilizando-se das competências socioemocionais para trabalhar o dinamismo, gestão do tempo e flexibilidade. Além disso, a referida estratégia pode ser utilizada para o aprendizado ativo e profundo, sobretudo, desenvolver a inteligência socioemocional dos alunos, o que resulta no enriquecimento da aprendizagem em sala de aula e na responsabilidade dos discentes por seu próprio desenvolvimento.
Serodiagnostic difficulties and possibilities of heartworm disease in regions where both Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens infections occur
Authors: Becker Zsolt , Holló Noémi , Farkas Róbert , Gyurkovszky Mónika , Reiczigel Jenő , Olaszy Krisztián , Vári Zoltán , Vörös Károly
Published: May 2022

This retrospective study was performed on 71 dogs which had been admitted for heartworm screening or with clinical suspicion of heartworm disease. The examination methods included polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify Dirofilaria immitis and/or Dirofilaria repens infections and a heartworm antigen (Ag) test (VetScan). By using PCR, 26 dogs were found positive only for Dirofilaria
immitis (Group 1), while 21 dogs for both D. immitis and D. repens (Group 2). Group 3 included 24 dogs with D. repens infection only according to the PCR results. The sensitivity of the VetScan Ag test for the Group 1 and 2 animals proved to be 97.7% (95% Blaker confidence interval; CI 89.0%–99.9%). The specificity of the VetScan Ag test, calculated from the results of Group 3, was found to be 66.7% (95% CI 45.6%–83.1%), which was lower than that reported from the USA, where D. repens does not occur. In cases when PCR results were positive for D. repens but negative for D. immitis, the occult dirofilariosis was the likely explanation for the positive D. immitis Ag tests. These observations highlight the importance of performing more Ag tests simultaneously in those areas where both Dirofilaria species are present.
El clero parroquial en Puebla durante el gobierno de Palafox. Siglo XVII
Authors: De-Zaballa-Beascoechea Ana
Published: May 2022

Este estudio se propone conocer un poco más del clero secular en el obispado de Puebla durante el gobierno de Juan de Palafox y Mendoza. Después de revisar los objetivos del concilio de Trento para la reforma del clero secular y su recepción en la Nueva España por el tercer concilio provincial mexicano, se analiza la formación académica y la formación espiritual del clero, así como su sostenimiento económico. La fuente principal para esta investigación es la visita pastoral realizada por el obispo poblano, así como otros escritos suyos para el gobierno de la diócesis y los dirigidos a sus sacerdotes
Primary care experience on Stimunex® gocce in children with recurrent respiratory infections: a real-world study during the COVID-19 pandemic era
Authors: Giannattasio Alessandro , Poggi Elena , Trapani Gianfranco , Muia Cosimo , Zanino Luisella , Landi Massimo , Ciprandi Giorgio
Published: May 2022

Background: Respiratory infections (RI) significantly burden society, mainly when there are recurrent respiratory infections (RRI). Thus, there is a need to prevent RI in clinical practice. In this regard, the modulation of the immune system and resolution of the inflammatory cascade could represent an ideal way to prevent RI. Stimunex® gocce, a multicomponent food supplement, contains Sambucus nigra extract, β-glucan, Zinc, and Vitamin D3. This study investigated its ability to prevent RRI in children using a real-world setting: the pediatric primary care.
Materials and methods: Two hundred and ninety-eight children with RRI were enrolled in the current study. The food supplement was randomly prescribed to 160 children with RRI daily for 4 months (Active group); the remaining 138 children with RRI were treated only with standard therapy for RI (Control group). The number and duration of RI, parental perception of symptom severity and treatment efficacy, use of medications, and school and working absence were evaluated.
Results: Children treated with Stimunex® gocce had significantly less RI than the Control group, both concerning upper and lower RI (p˂0.001 and 0.003, respectively) during the follow-up period. Moreover, children in the Active group experienced shorter RI duration during the treatment and follow-up phases (p˂0.001 for both). In addition, parents of treated children perceived less severe symptoms and better treatment efficacy during the first and follow-up phases (p˂0.001 for all). The food supplement was well tolerated and there was no adverse event.
Conclusions: The current real-world study demonstrated that Stimunex® gocce supplementation in children with RRI might safely prevent RI episodes and reduce RI duration. These outcomes should be highlighted as obtained during the COVID-19 pandemic era, characterized by a dramatic reduction of RI.
Easy approach to detect cell immunity to COVID vaccines in common variable immunodeficiency patients
Authors: Barrios Yvelise , Franco Andrés , Alava-Cruz Cristina , Cuesta-Martin Ricardo , Camara Carmen , Matheu Victor
Published: May 2022

Background: Patients with primary antibody deficiencies, such as Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID), have some problems to assess immune response after coronavirus disease (COVID) vaccination. Cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) has the potential to be used as a useful, simple, and cheaper tool to assess T-cell (T lymphocyte) function.
Methods: Seventeen patients with CVID, a rare disease, received two doses of the mRNA-based Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. Humoral Immune Response (HIR) was determined by measuring specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, and Cellular Immune Response (CIR) was evaluated using an ex vivo interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) and in vivo by DTH skin test.
Results: Two weeks after the second dose of the vaccine, 12 out of 17 CVID patients have high optical density (OD) ratios of specific anti-spike protein (S) IgG whereas five patients were negative or low. Ex vivo CIR was considered positive in 14 out of 17 S1-stimulated patients. Unspecific stimulation was positive in all 17 patients showing no T-cell defect. A positive DTH skin test was observed in 16 CVID patients. The only patient with negative DTH also had negative ex vivo CIR.
Conclusions: The use of DTH to evaluate CIR was validated with an optimal correlation with the ex vivo CIR. The CIR after vaccination in patients with antibody deficiencies seems to have high precision and more sensitivity to antibodies-based methods in CVID.
Clinical Implications: There is a remarkable correlation between cutaneous DTH and ex vivo IGRA after COVID vaccination. A COVID-specific skin DTH test could be implemented in large populations.
Capsule Summary: Cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity has the potential to be used as a useful, simple, and cheaper tool to assess T-cell functioning.
PTPRO activates TLR4/NF-κB signaling to intensify lipopolysaccharide-induced pneumonia cell injury
Authors: Chen Yao , Sun Buming
Published: May 2022

Background: Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) belongs to the PTP (protein tyrosine phosphatase) family and is widely expressed in parenchymal cells, such as breast and lung epithelial cells. PTPRO has been shown to enhance inflammatory responses and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammation-associated diseases. The role of PTPRO in pneumonia was investigated.
Methods: Human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HFL1) were treated with increasing concentrations of lipopolysaccharide at 5, 10, or 20 μg/mL to induce inflammatory and apoptotic injuries. Expression of PTPRO was detected by western blot. Inflammation and apoptosis were assessed by ELISA and flow cytometry assays, respectively.
Results: Lipopolysaccharide induced decreased cell viability, and increased inflammation and apoptosis in HFL1. PTPRO was upregulated in HFL1 post lipopolysaccharide treatment, and silencing of PTPRO enhanced lipopolysaccharide-induced cell viability of HFL1, and suppressed the inflammation and apoptosis. However, overexpression of PTPRO aggravated lipopolysaccharide-induced cytotoxicity in HFL1. Overexpression of PTPRO upregulated protein expression of TLR4 and p-p65 in lipopolysaccharide-induced HFL1, while knockdown of PTPRO reduced the level of p-IκBα to downregulate levels of TLR4 and p-p65.
Conclusion: PTPRO contributed to pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced HFL1 through activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling.
Fault Detection in Three-phase Induction Motor based on Data Acquisition and ANN based Data Processing
Authors: Moldovan Ovidiu Gheorghe , Ghincu Remus Vladimir , Moldovan Alin Octavian , Noje Dan , Tarca Radu Catalin
Published: May 2022

The main objective of this paper is to investigate how a failure in the functioning of a normal electrical system represented by a three-phase asynchronous motor will modify the voltages and currents present in the system and if it is possible to design a system that is able to automatically detect the fault, based on the use of modern data acquisition system and powerful computer processing capabilities. The detection of faulty signals is realised using Feedforward Artificial Neural Networks.
Manifestações de imagem da doença de von Hippel-Lindau: um guia ilustrado com foco no sistema nervoso central
Authors: Mourão João Luiz Veloso , Borella Luiz Fernando Monte , Duarte Juliana Ávila , Dalaqua Mariana , Fernandes Daniel Alvarenga , Reis Fabiano
Published: May 2022

Abstract A doença de von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) é uma síndrome hereditária autossômica dominante rara que afeta a linha germinativa do gene VHL, um gene supressor tumoral. A doença de VHL é caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento multissistêmico de uma variedade de tumores benignos e malignos, especialmente no sistema nervoso central (SNC). Dentre eles, destacam-se hemangioblastomas retinianos e do SNC, e o tumor do saco endolinfático. Os diferentes locais dos tumores justificam a diversidade de sinais e sintomas relacionados à doença, que usualmente se manifestam com a idade média de 33 anos. Apesar dos avanços da medicina, a expectativa de vida média desses pacientes é de 49 anos. Exames de imagem têm papel fundamental no diagnóstico e são essenciais no seguimento dos pacientes com doença de VHL. Este ensaio iconográfico descreve as manifestações características dos tumores do SNC relacionados à doença de VHL que todos os residentes de radiologia devem saber.
Imaging manifestations of von Hippel-Lindau disease: an illustrated guide focusing on the central nervous system
Authors: Mourão João Luiz Veloso , Borella Luiz Fernando Monte , Duarte Juliana Ávila , Dalaqua Mariana , Fernandes Daniel Alvarenga , Reis Fabiano
Published: May 2022

Abstract Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a rare, autosomal dominant inherited syndrome that affects the germline of the VHL gene, a tumor suppressor gene. VHL disease is characterized by the multisystemic development of a variety of benign and malignant tumors, especially in the central nervous system (CNS). Such tumors include retinal and CNS hemangioblastomas, as well as endolymphatic sac tumors. The various tumor sites are responsible for the diversity of signs and symptoms related to the disease. The mean age at symptom onset is 33 years. Despite medical advances, the average life expectancy of patients with VHL disease is 49 years. Imaging plays a pivotal role in the clinical diagnosis and is essential to the follow-up of patients with VHL disease. This pictorial essay describes characteristic CNS manifestations of VHL disease-related tumors that all radiology residents should be aware of.
Quantitative assessment of emphysema and bronchial wall thickness in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: comparison between the eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic phenotypes
Authors: Stival Rebecca Saray Marchesini , Rabelo Lêda Maria , Leão Giovanna Lemes , Drevenowski Diogo , Serafini Joel , Vieira Vítor Lopes Galvão , Escuissato Dante Luiz
Published: May 2022

Abstract Objective: To perform a quantitative assessment of bronchial wall thickening and the emphysema score in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), comparing the eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic COPD phenotypes. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of patients with COPD followed between August 2018 and July 2019. The patients were divided into two groups by the eosinophil count in peripheral blood: eosinophilic (≥ 300 cells/µL); and non-eosinophilic (< 300 cells/µL). Quantitative, automated assessments of emphysema and bronchial wall thickness were performed by evaluating computed tomography scans of the chest. Results: We evaluated the records of 110 patients diagnosed with COPD: 28 (25.5%) in the eosinophilic group; and 82 (74.5%) in the non-eosinophilic group. The demographic, clinical, functional, and therapeutic variables were comparable between the two groups. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the emphysema score or bronchial wall thickness (p > 0.05 for both). Conclusion: Patients with eosinophilic COPD do not appear to have lower emphysema scores or greater bronchial wall thickening than do those with non-eosinophilic phenotypes of the disease.
Clinical experience regarding the diagnostic value of segment-by-segment coronary computed tomography angiography in comparison with that of invasive coronary angiography
Authors: Souto Rafael Mansur , Santos Alair Augusto Sarmet Moreira Damas dos , Nacif Marcelo Souto
Published: May 2022

Abstract Objective: To compare the degree of coronary stenosis (≥ 50% luminal narrowing) determined by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) with that determined by invasive coronary angiography (ICA), using segment-by-segment analysis. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of the records of patients who underwent CCTA and ICA between January 2014 and June 2018 at a general hospital in Brazil. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was applied, and the areas under the curve were used in order to assess the overall accuracy of the methods. Results: The degree of coronary stenosis was evaluated in a total of 844 arterial segments. The diagnostic performance of CCTA was good, with a sensitivity of 82.3%, a specificity of 96.4%, and a negative predictive value of 97.7% (95% CI: 96.5-98.5). In the segment-by-segment analysis, CCTA had excellent accuracy for the left main coronary artery and for other segments. Conclusion: In clinical practice at general hospitals, CCTA appears to have diagnostic performance comparable to that of ICA.