bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Rule of Law and the Extraordinary Situation
Authors: Karácsony András , Nagypál Szabolcs
Published: November 2021

The various legal theorists dealing with the operation and effect of law have mostly examined situations that can be described as occurring in the usual, regular, normal state of social life. Over the last half century, and particularly since the formation and later enlargement of the European Union, the requirement of the rule of law has emerged as a key topic. The test of the rule of law is as follows: it is necessary to examine in an abnormal situation or, as it were, in an extraordinary situation exactly how it is possible to take political decisions that are of fundamental importance to society while also guaranteeing that these decisions remain within the rule of law at all times.The aim of this study is to investigate how and by what constitutional mandate the Hungarian Government deviated from the normal constitutional situation in 2020. The “state of exception” theorised by Carl Schmitt and Giorgio Agamben means the suspension of the law. It is important to understand their views in order to see that the Hungarian situation in 2020 is utterly dissimilar to such a state of exception. In short, we need to distinguish a state of exception from an extraordinary situation, because the latter does not imply the suspension of law in general or, more specifically, the suspension of the rule of law, but that parliamentary and government decisions remain within it. The special legal order applied in an extraordinary situation is not in fact a suspension of democracy, still less of the rule of law. On the contrary, it actually falls within both: in a state of national crisis, this situation is democracy itself and the rule of law itself, and – accordingly – strict laws (both democratic and imposed within the rule of law), or rather laws of cardinal importance, make its conditions and its functioning possible and regulate it.
Pariwisata dI Tengah Pandemi Covid-19: Dampaknya terhadap Lingkungan Pantai Sanur
Authors: Ni Wayan Anggreni
Published: November 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengkaji dampak pariwisata di tengah pandemi Covid-19 terhadap lingkungan Pantai Sanur. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dianalisis disajikan menggunakan teknik formal dan informal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pariwisata berdampak positif dan negatif terhadap lingkungan Pantai Sanur di tengah pandemi Covid-19 saat ini. Dampak positif pariwisata di tengah pandemi Covid-19 terhadap lingkungan pantai Sanur antara lain ketersediaan jalan yang luas bagi wisatawan, lingkungan tertata rapi, polusi air laut berkurang, tepi pantai bersih, dan sampah an-organik seperti plastik, botol, dan sejenisnya yang berasal dari restoran maupun pedagang berkurang. Namun, dampak negatif pariwisata di tengah pandemi Covid-19 terhadap lingkungan pantai Sanur antara lain sampah organik seperti daun yang gugur mendominasi, terjadi polusi udara akibat pembakaran daun, dan sampah organik seperti daun bertumpuk.
To the Question of Russian-Language Literature as a Factor for Preserving the Vitality of the Russian Language
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Todorova Ivelina
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the preservation of survival (vitality) of the Russian language through the prism of translational literature, which is created by ethnically non-Russian authors. The author of the article is trying to prove that the survival of the Russian language depends not only on territorial and demographic factors, but also on translingual (Russian-language literature). In the fiction of Russian-speaking authors, the Russian language is a translator of a worldview that is not inherent in native speakers of the Russian language and culture.
Hristaki Pavlovich and His Letterwriting Lessons in the „Pismennik Obshtepolezen“ (1835)
Authors:   Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, Ivanova Diana
Published: November 2021

The object of the research is one of the first two modern Bulgarian textbooks on letter writing – „Pismennik obshtepolezen“ („A Letter Writing Handbook of General Use“), 1835, by the prominent Revival pedagogue Hristaki Pavlovich. The book on letters is presented in the context of the cultural and historical situation in the second quarter of the 19th century, and from the point of view of the changes in the Bulgarian school, where new teaching methods and “modern sciences” were introduced. The article analyzes the theoretical part of „Pismennik obshtepolezen“, which contains instructions and rules for writing letters, and groups the types of letters and their components. Based on some statements by the author, conclusions are drawn about his views on ethical, social and pedagogical issues.
Distance Teaching of Consecutive and Simultaneous Interpreting to Graduate Students: a Case Study
Authors:   Moscow City University, Tivyaeva Irina , Vodyanitskaya Albina ,   Moscow City University
Published: November 2021

The goal of the paper is an attempt to offer a systematic description of the authors’ experience in distance teaching of a consecutive and simultaneous interpreting course to graduate students of linguistics within the concept of transitioning to online instruction. The paper provides a review of distance interpreting programs available online and focuses on a particular case of adjusting an on-campus course in consecutive and simultaneous interpreting to online instruction. Preliminary results highlight technical and didactic specifics of teaching an online course in consecutive and simultaneous interpreting and make prominent pros and cons of online student teamwork. Drawing from the case study, the authors discuss possible solutions for online interpreter training.
Online Collaborative Writing: a Tool for Enhancing Students’ Business Skills and Cross-Cultural Awareness
Authors:   University of Economic – Varna, Stefanova Aneta
Published: November 2021

This paper describes a project implemented by students from the University of Economics in Varna and the University of Costa Rica as part of their respective English Language instruction. In the course of the project six teams comprising students from both universities collaborated to create blogs on topics of their choice. The paper dwells on aims of the project, the process that resulted in the creation of six blogs, the skills that students developed or furthered as a result of this activity and the project outcomes.
Improving Foreign (Russian) Language at School through Proverbs and Sayings
Authors:   University of Bialystok, Karolczuk Marzanna
Published: November 2021

The results of research on proverbs and sayings in such areas as linguistics, psychology, didactics and teaching methodology show that paremia has cognitive, educational and pedagogical functions in almost all areas of science and life. Understanding proverbs and sayings contributes to a better understanding of other cultures in the context of their interaction. Introduction proverbs and sayings to educational process develops students’ intercultural skills and a positive attitude to other people, as well as constitutes creative atmosphere in the classroom. The use of paremia in the learning process also enables the development of language knowledge and abilities, as well as speaking skills. The purpose of the article is to discuss the use of paremia in language education and propose kinds and types of exercises that can be used in the process of teaching a foreign language.
Stigma and Social Distances to People with Mental Disorders, Manifested by Graduate Students
Authors:   Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sapundzhiev Simeon
Published: November 2021

The work is dedicated to people with mental disorders, stigmatizing attitudes and social distances, manifested by graduate students. Different aspects of stigmatization and social distance are considered theoretically – fear, refusal to participate in cooperative activities, presence of a negative attitude, adverse treatment, aggression and more. At the end, there are made recommendations to overcome stigma and social distances. Empirical findings show that graduate students exhibit negative attitudes and social distances toward people with mental disorders, but they are well below the average levels for the Bogardus Social Distance Scale. The actual group of respondents definitely maintaining friendly relations with members of the target group and does not mind establishing a specialized center for dealing with people with mental disorders in the city or in their neighborhood.
Assistant Teachers During the Period of the Bulgarian Enlightening and in our Time
Authors:   St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Turnovo, Nunev Yosif
Published: November 2021

The proposed material is a modest attempt to connect the time of the Bulgarian Enlightening and the role of assistant teacher then with our time now and another ambition of the Bulgarian state to implement in the pre-school and school education the auxiliary position of “educational mediator”. For educational practice, the mediator is primarily intended for specialized work with Roma children and students and their parental communities to ensure their participation in educational institutions. The article also offers the opportunity to apply the Renaissance experience in the training of today's educational mediators, in the same way as the assistant teachers of that time. Their path was predetermined – from assistants they grew into the most famous teachers and scholars of their time.Why do we not take advantage of this experience today?
Inclusive Intelligence
Authors: Krastev Aleksandar
Published: November 2021

Inclusive education happens when all children and students regardless of their specific features, disabilities or gifts are placed under conditions that enhance their personal potential and talents to develop. Successful inclusive education is being achieved mainly when the differences and diversity among children and students are accepted, comprehended and taken into account. Extremely significant appears also the attitude of the adults applying the integration in practice. All pedagogic professionals and concerned sides such as parents and community are responsible for the inclusion quality. The ability of everybody participating in the inclusion process to support, tolerate and accept the diversity and individuality is in itself intelligence – inclusive intelligence. The degree of inclusive intelligence depends not only on the information volume, knowledge and experience, but also on the willingness of every pedagogic professional to support and accept the diversity in children.
Professional Development In Kosovo – Research Of Training Programs And Tests
Authors: Samadraxha Bekim , Alihajdari Veton , Mustafa Besim , Likaj Ramë
Published: November 2021

Vocational Education Teachers are one of the main important assets for workforce development. This study of the workforce of VET teachers in selected partner countries has two main goals. The aim of this research is to evaluate the level of teacher’s development and training programs and test as well, to inform national policymakers about the situation and the needs of the VET teachers and, secondly, to help monitoring the implementation and the change of the teacher professional development. The methodology to be used is based on qualitative research methods, including interviews und surveys. A major focus of the survey is to enable policy makers to understand what is required to bring along improvements in the Continuing Professional Development (CPD) quality, effectiveness and responsiveness, as well as factors affecting teacher effectiveness in general, such as their motivation and career structure. Professional development for teachers and trainers is widely recognized as a vital tool for the educational reform (Bicaj, 2013). Research shows that the professional development can enduring improve the quality of teaching and learning, enhancing the effectiveness of education and training and providing added value to students, teachers and employers. There is no doubt about the importance of the Continuing Professional Development of VET teachers. Kosovo has for many years developed extensive policies to address this issue, and currently these policies are being implemented.
Kidney complications after COVID-19
Authors: Rahkmonova Sanobar , Khaytboyev Jurabek , Zargarova Nargiza , Otajonova Dilfuza , Kazakov Khabibulla
Published: November 2021

This article discusses renal complications after Covid-19. It has now become clear that infection with the SARS-Cov-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, is almost identical - and this tells scientists which organs are most at risk. Specifically, the respiratory tract, intestines and, most likely, the kidneys, since it is there that both proteins necessary for the virus are present. Even the Ebola virus, found in the eye fluid of ex-patient’s months after recovery, causes blindness in 40 percent of those infected later. Therefore, given that SARS-CoV-2 is more likely to damage the lungs, doctors have speculated that the virus may cause irreversible changes in the respiratory system.
Resource and Stakeholder Mobilization by Community-Based Organizations for Community Economic Development in Kenya: A Survey of Community-Based Organizations in Siaya County
Authors:   Management University of Africa, Barasa Herbert , Nyaga Juster ,   Management University of Africa
Published: November 2021

Most developing countries, including Kenya, have a big proportion of the population still living in rural areas that face an immense challenge especially on economic development and access to basic social infrastructure that include roads, health, water, and education. The government and local authorities are striving with the available limited resources against the competing priorities in order to meet the needs of the population and improve the quality of life and wellbeing. This study examined the role of community-based organizations (CBOs) on economic development in Siaya County, specifically their role on resource and stakeholder mobilization in Kenya. The study was anchored on Social Capital Theory but also analyzed both System and Conflict Theories. The study provides new and relevant information on the role of CBOs in development to the County governments as devolved systems of government responsible for development and planning thus justifying investment and policy formulation for closer collaboration. Descriptive study was undertaken and targeted and enumerated two respondents per group (total 50) in all the 25 CBOs in Siaya County that were duly registered and had coverage of at least one Sub-County. Using a Likert scale questionnaire, quantitative data was collected. Prior to that, a pilot study was done in the nearby Kakamega County to test the instrument. Descriptive, correlation and regression analysis was applied to the data using SPSS version 21. The findings indicate that; Resource Mobilization by CBOs enhances the organizations’ contribution to community economic development, stakeholders’ mobilization plays a critical role in community economic development, the CBOs in Siaya County have managed to increase their impact on economic development at the community level. The study suggests replication in other counties where NGO activity is evident in Kenya, focusing on community based organizations that do not rely on aid as their main income sources. Moreover, a comparative study involving the CBOs from the East African countries should also be considered in future studies. Keywords: Resource Mobilization, Stakeholder Engagement, community based organization and Siaya County.
Improved control of suspects and accused persons subject to house arrest when using the electronic monitoring system for under-registered persons
Authors: Голубцова Ксения Ивановна
Published: November 2021

В статье рассматриваются проблемы исполнения уголовно-исполнительными инспекциями ФСИН России меры пресечения в виде домашнего ареста, предлагаются возможные пути их решения. В рамках мониторинга правопримененительной практики в сфере исполнения меры пресечения в виде домашнего ареста выявлен ряд проблемных моментов, касающихся неурегулированности вопросов доставки подозреваемого или обвиняемого в орган дознания, орган предварительного следствия, а также в суд, отсутствия механизма реализации функций по контролю за соблюдением подозреваемым или обвиняемым запретов и ограничений на отправку и получение почтово-телеграфных отправлений, использование средств связи и сети «Интернет». Также автором проводится анализ статистических данных за последние 6 лет о количестве рассмотренных ходатайств о применении к подозреваемому или обвиняемому меры пресечения в виде домашнего ареста.

In article problems of execution by criminal and executive inspectorates of the FPS of Russia of such measure of restraint as house arrest are considered and also possible ways of their solution are proposed. Within monitoring of pravoprimenenitelny practice in the sphere of execution of a measure of restraint in the form of house arrest a number of the problem points concerning lack of regulation of questions of delivery of the suspect or the inquiry accused in body, body of preliminary investigation and also in court, lack of responsibility of the suspect or the defendant for failure of use in respect of it of technical means of control, deliberate damage, destruction, violation of integrity or commission of other actions directed to the termination of functioning of the technical means of control, lack of the mechanism of realization of functions used to it on control of observance by the suspect or the defendant of the bans and restrictions for sending and receiving post and cable departures, use of means of communication and Internet network by it is revealed. Also the author carries out the analysis of statistical data for the last 6 years on the number of the considered petitions for application to the suspect or the defendant of a measure of restraint in the form of house arrest.
Civil status of penal correction institutions
Authors: Косарев Кирилл Викторович , Логинова Ксения Юрьевна
Published: November 2021

Учреждения и органы уголовно-исполнительной системы обладают двойственным статусом: с одной стороны, они созданы для исполнения определенных властных полномочий, с другой стороны, они не могут не быть участниками гражданского оборота. Как участники гражданских правоотношений учреждения и органы уголовно-исполнительной системы не обладают особенными преференциями по сравнению с другими субъектами и осуществляют свою деятельность на началах равенства и свободы договора. В этой связи нередки ситуации, когда учреждения и органы уголовно-исполнительной системы могут оказаться в роли потерпевших в различных отношениях. Цель данной статьи - рассмотреть особенности гражданско-правового статуса учреждений и органов уголовно-исполнительной системы.

Institutions and bodies of the penitentiary system have dual statuses, on the one hand, they are created to fulfill certain authority, on the other hand, they cannot but be participants in civilian traffic. As a participant in civil relations, institutions and bodies of the penal system do not have special preferences, unlike other participants, and also build their activities on the basis of equality and freedom of contract. In this regard, it is not uncommon for institutions and bodies of the penal system to be in the role of victims in various ways. The purpose of this article is to consider the peculiarities of the civil status of institutions and bodies of the penal system.
Regulatory improvement of existing system fixed assets of correction condemned
Authors: Горбань Дмитрий Владимирович
Published: November 2021

Действующее уголовно-исполнительное законодательство Российской Федерации в качестве одной из своих целей предусматривает исправление осужденного. Достижение указанной цели предполагает успешную реализацию задач уголовно-исполнительного законодательства и, в частности, способствует социальной адаптации лиц, отбывших уголовное наказание, их возвращению в общество законопослушными гражданами. Также закрепление цели исправления осужденного предполагает определение в законодательстве средств, с помощью которых будет осуществляться данный процесс. В статье анализируется понятие и дается характеристика основным средствам исправления осужденных к лишению свободы. Рассмотрены различные подходы ученых-пенитенциаристов к дополнению действующей системы основных средств исправления осужденных новыми элементами. Проанализированы направления нормативного совершенствования системы основных средств исправления осужденных по дополнению ее новыми элементами. На основе выявления проблемных вопросов в исследуемой области вносятся соответствующие теоретические предложения по совершенствованию действующей системы основных средств исправления осужденных.

The current criminal executive legislation of the Russian Federation provides for the correction of a convicted person as one of its objectives. Achievement of the specified purpose assumes successful implementation of tasks of the criminal executive legislation, and in particular promotes social adaptation, persons who have served criminal punishment, their return to society by law-abiding citizens. Also fixing the purpose of correction of the condemned assumes definition in the legislation of means by means of which this process will be carried out. In the presented scientific article the concept is analyzed and the characteristic of the main means of correction condemned to imprisonment is given. Various approaches of scientists-penitentiaries to supplement the existing system of basic means of correction of convicts with new elements are considered. The directions of normative improvement of the system of basic means of correction of convicts to supplement it with new elements are analyzed. By identifying problematic issues in the study area introduces relevant theoretical proposals to improve the existing system fixed assets of correction condemned.
Questions of employment of convicts to corrective works
Authors: Мусалева Анна Владимировна
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена наказанию в виде исправительных работ. На сегодняшний день существуют проблемы в правоприменительной практике, обусловленные, в том числе пробелами в законодательстве. На основе анализа обзоров статистических данных по назначению и исполнению данного вида наказания и практики его применения автор приходит к выводу, что существует ряд проблем при реализации исправительных работ при трудоустройстве осужденных, которые можно подразделить на две группы: первая, связанная с исполнением наказания, например, отсутствие разрешения у осужденных иностранных граждан на осуществление в Российской Федерации профессиональной деятельности; вторая - определяющая отбывание наказания, например, отсутствие правовой регламентации ответственности осужденного за нарушения порядка и условий отбывания наказания. В связи с этим автор предлагает пути совершенствования законодательства в области исполнения и отбывания исправительных работ.

The article is devoted to punishment in the form of correctional labor, since today there are problems in law enforcement practice, due, inter alia, to gaps in legislation. Based on the analysis of statistical data on the appointment and execution of this type of punishment and the practice of its application, the author comes to the conclusion that there are a number of problems in the implementation of correctional work, which can be divided into two groups. The first group associated with the execution of this type of punishment: the lack of permission of convicted foreign citizens to carry out professional activities in the Russian Federation, for changing their place of residence; the lack of convicts to correctional labor the right to parole; the second-determining the serving of punishment: the lack of legal regulation of the responsibility of the convicted person for violations of the order and conditions of serving punishment. In this regard, the author suggests ways to improve legislation in the field of execution and serving of correctional labor.
Impact of spatial and genetic factors on people of middle and old age in a correctional facility
Authors: Радостева Юлия Викторовна
Published: November 2021

Изменение демографических показателей во всем мире, сопровождающихся прогрессирующим старением населения, влияет на все сферы общества, включая и сферу исполнения наказания. Наметившаяся в связи с этим тенденция к неизбежному росту количества осужденных пожилого и старшего возраста на фоне новейших достижений наук о человеке (генетике, психологии, физиологии, социологии и др.) требует расширения существующих подходов к анализу детерминант внешнего и внутреннего характера, влияющих на поведение человека в условиях изоляции. В связи с этим целью данного исследования является на основе комплексного системообразующего подхода к поиску, выявлению, аккумуляции и анализу пространственных и генетических факторов доказать необходимость учета их влияния на поведение заключенного в зависимости от возрастных особенностей лиц пожилого возраста. Указанное позволит повысить эффективность работы пенитенциарных учреждений, в том числе и за счет гуманизации условий отбывания наказания в них.

The global change in demographic indicators caused by progressive aging of population affect all spheres of society, including the penitentiary system. In this regard, the emerging trend towards an inevitable increase in the number of sentenced elderly and senior people, as well as the latest achievements of the human sciences (genetics, psychology, physiology, sociology, etc.) require the extension of current approaches to the analysis of internal and external nature determinants that influence the behavior of prisoners. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to prove (relying on a comprehensive system-forming approach to the research, identification, accumulation and analysis of spatial and genetic factors) the need to take into consideration the impact of those determinants on the behavior of prisoners depending on the characteristics of old age. That will improve the efficiency of penitentiary institutions achieved by, among other things, humanizing the conditions of serving sentences in them.
Some issues regarding the appointment and execution of supplementary punishments
Authors: Черненко Тамара Геннадьевна
Published: November 2021

В статье рассматривается роль дополнительных наказаний в дифференциации и индивидуализации уголовной ответственности. Анализируются особенности назначения дополнительных наказаний, предусмотренных законом в качестве обязательных, особенности назначения дополнительных наказаний по совокупности преступлений. Обосновывается вывод, что для определения окончательного основного наказания и окончательного дополнительного наказания (дополнительных наказаний) по совокупности преступлений суд может использовать как одинаковые, так и разные методы их назначения с учетом специфики назначаемых наказаний. Анализируются последствия злостного уклонения осужденных от отбывания ограничения свободы и исполнения штрафа, назначенных в качестве дополнительных наказаний. Обосновывается вывод, что правовые последствия злостного уклонения от исполнения указанных наказаний должны быть одинаковыми независимо от того, в качестве основных или в качестве дополнительных назначались указанные наказания.

The article discusses the role of supplementary punishments in differentiation and individualization of criminal liability. The author analyzes the features of the appointment of supplementary punishments prescribed by law as mandatory, the features of the appointment of supplementary punishments for the totality of crimes. The conclusion is substantiated that in order to determine the final basic punishment and the final supplementary punishment (supplementary punishments) for the totality of crimes, the court may use the same or different methods of their appointment, taking into account the specifics of the punishments, that was imposed. The article analyzes the consequences of malicious evasion by the convicted person from serving the restriction of freedom and execution of the fine, which are assigned as supplementary punishments. The author substantiates the conclusion that the legal consequences of malicious evasion from the execution of these punishments should be the same regardless of whether the specified punishments were imposed as the basic or supplementary one.
Criminal procedure powers of the head of the institution of the penal correction system as a subject of inquiry: implementation problems
Authors: Александров Андрей Станиславович
Published: November 2021

В статье рассматриваются особенности уголовно-процессуального статуса учреждений и органов уголовно-исполнительной системы. Поднимаются вопросы об уголовно-процессуальных компетенциях начальника исправительного учреждения и следственного изолятора в качестве органа дознания. Автором обозначена проблема размытости правового статуса начальника исправительного учреждения в действующем уголовно-процессуальном законодательстве. Отмечены особенности осуществления дознания в целом и дознания в условиях исправительных учреждений в частности. Обозначены противоречия в правоприменительной практике органов прокуратуры и положений уголовно-процессуального закона. В статье рассмотрены различные позиции ученых относительно компетенций начальников исправительных учреждений в производстве неотложных следственных действий. Рассмотрена отдельная практика усиления прокурорского надзора за уголовно-процессуальной деятельностью учреждений и органов УИС исходя из требований ст. 5, 40, 150, 157 УПК РФ. Затронут на сегодня спорный вопрос о способности или неспособности начальника исправительного учреждения возбудить уголовное дело или вынести отказной материал. Делается акцент на недопустимости неоднозначного понимания со стороны правоприменителя норм уголовно-процессуального законодательства.

The article discusses the features of the criminal procedural status of institutions and bodies of the penal correction system. Questions are raised about the criminal procedural competencies of the head of the correctional institution and the pre-trial detention center as the subject of inquiry. The author outlines the problem of blurring the legal status of the head of the correctional institution in the current criminal procedure legislation. Peculiarities of the implementation of the inquiry in general and of inquiry in the conditions of correctional institutions in particular are noted. The contradictions in the law enforcement practice of the prosecution authorities and the provisions of the criminal procedure law are indicated. The article discusses the various positions of scientists regarding the competencies of the heads of correctional institutions in the production of urgent investigative actions. A separate practice of strengthening prosecutorial supervision of the criminal procedure activities of the institutions and bodies of the penal correction system based on the requirements of Art. 5, 40, 150, 157 Code of Criminal Procedure. Today, the controversial issue of the ability or inability to initiate a criminal case or to bring out refusal material by the head of the correctional institution will be raised. The emphasis is on the inadmissibility of the ambiguity of understanding by the law enforcer of the norms of criminal procedure legislation.
Prosecutorial supervision of securing rights and legitimate interests of a convicted person for crimes in the sphere of economic activity
Authors: Гришко Людмила Евгеньевна
Published: November 2021

В статье автор акцентирует внимание на вопросах обеспечения прав и законных интересов осужденного за преступления в сфере экономической деятельности средствами прокурорского надзора, решении вопросов освобождения от наказания указанной категории и других вопросов в стадии исполнения приговора. На основе анализа действующего законодательства и статистических показателей, характеризующих преступность в сфере экономической деятельности, предлагаются меры по совершенствованию нормативной правовой базы в данной сфере.

In the article, the author focuses on the issues of ensuring the rights and legitimate interests of a convicted person for crimes in the field of economic activity by means of prosecutorial supervision, on resolving issues of exemption from punishment of this category and others in the sentence execution stage. Based on the analysis of the current legislation and statistical indicators characterizing crime in the field of economic activity, measures are proposed to improve the regulatory framework in this area.
The main types of penalties related to deprivation of liberty and their content under the Qatari Criminal Code (comparative legal analysis with certain norms of Russian legislation)
Authors: Скиба Андрей Петрович , Ковш Андрей Владимирович , Мяханова Александра Николаевна
Published: November 2021

В статье проводится сравнительно-правовой анализ ряда норм катарского уголовного законодательства, а также российского уголовного и уголовно-исполнительного законодательства. Рассматриваются виды наказаний, связанных с лишением свободы, и их содержание по Уголовному кодексу Катара. Дополнительно обращается внимание на систему и содержание отдельных наказаний (в виде смертной казни, пожизненного лишения свободы и лишения свободы на определенный срок). Формулируется авторская редакция статей 57-62 Уголовного кодекса Катара, касающихся системы основных видов наказаний и их содержания.

The article provides a comparative legal analysis of a number of norms of Qatari criminal law, as well as Russian criminal and penal enforcement legislation. The types of punishments related to deprivation of liberty and their content under the Qatari Criminal code are considered. In addition, attention is drawn to the system of punishments, the content of individual punishments (in the form of the death penalty, life imprisonment and imprisonment for a certain period). The author's version of articles 57-62 of the Criminal Code of Qatar concerning the system of main types of punishments and their content is formulated.
Serving sentence by convicted foreign nationals and stateless persons as subject of penal enforcement study
Authors: Тепляшин Павел Владимирович , Мальков Сергей Михайлович
Published: November 2021

На заседании диссертационного совета Д 229.003.03, действующего на базе федерального казенного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Академия права и управления Федеральной службы исполнения наказаний», 24 декабря 2019 г. прошла защита диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата юридических наук Хван Татьяны Сергеевны на тему «Отбывание наказания осужденными - иностранными гражданами и лицами без гражданства» по специальности 12.00.08 - уголовное право и криминология; уголовно-исполнительное право. Диссертационный совет, заседавший под председательством председателя диссертационного совета Д 229.003.03 доктора юридических наук, профессора А. А. Крымова, принял решение о том, что диссертация Т. С. Хван представляет собой научно-квалификационную работу, которая имеет важное значение для развития науки уголовного права, уголовно-исполнительного права и криминологии, соответствует требованиям, установленным Положением о присуждении ученых степеней, а также о присуждении Т. С. Хван ученой степени кандидата юридических наук по специальности 12.00.08. Статья представляет собой отзыв ведущей организации на диссертацию, в котором подвергнуты анализу структура и содержание диссертации Т. С. Хван.

At a meeting of the dissertation council D 229.003.03, operating on the basis of the federal state educational institution of higher education “ The Academy of Law and Management of the Federal Penal Service of Russia”, on December 24, 2019, she defended her dissertation for the degree of candidate of law Khvan Tatyana Sergeevna on the topic “Serving Sentence by Convicted Foreign Citizens and Stateless Persons” in the specialty 12.00.08 Criminal Law and Criminology, Penal Law. Dissertation Council, which met under the chairmanship of the chairman of the dissertation council D 229.003.03 doctor of law, professor A. A. Krymov, decided that the dissertation of T. S. Khvan is a scientific and qualification work, which is important for the development of the science of criminal law, penal law and criminology, meets the requirements established by the regulation on the award of academic degrees, as well as on the award of T. S. Khvan the degree of candidate of law in the specialty 12.00.08. The article is a review of the leading organization for a dissertation, in which the structure and content of the dissertation of T. S. Khvan were analyzed.
Features of the confession of persons held in correctional institutions and remand centres of the penal system
Authors: Воробьева Алина Сергеевна
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена особенностям явки с повинной лиц, содержащихся в исправительных учреждениях и следственных изоляторах уголовно-исполнительной системы. Автором изучены содержание, адресат явки с повинной, процедура ее принятия и оформления в условиях следственного изолятора и исправительного учреждения, проанализирована проблема толкования элемента добровольности явки с повинной подозреваемых, обвиняемых и осужденных, рассмотрены непосредственная и опосредованная явки с повинной. Исследуются научные точки зрения по рассматриваемой проблеме и результаты практической деятельности оперативных подразделений ГУФСИН России по Кемеровской области - Кузбассу по данному направлению.

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the surrender of persons held in correctional institutions and pre-trial detention centers of the penal system. The author studied the content, addressee of the surrender, the procedure for its acceptance and registration in the conditions of a pre-trial detention center and correctional facility, analyzed the problem of interpretation of the element of voluntary surrender of suspects, accused and convicted persons, considered direct and indirect surrender. The article examines the scientific points of view on the problem under consideration and the results of practical activities of the operational divisions of the Main Department of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass in this area.
On the issue of creating integrated correctional institutions in the Russian Federation
Authors: Коробова Ирина Николаевна
Published: November 2021

В настоящее время происходит процесс активного реформирования уголовно-исполнительной системы, кроме того, параллельно проводится работа по изменению уголовно-исполнительного законодательства. Количество осужденных, содержащихся в местах лишения свободы, неизменно снижается, причем прослеживается определенная тенденция, когда исправительные учреждения одного вида режима переполнены, другие заполнены не в полном объеме, в связи с чем их количество уменьшается, в частности, на всей территории Российской Федерации имеется только 22 колонии для несовершеннолетних. В уголовно-исполнительном законодательстве РФ содержится норма, предусматривающая отбывание наказания в исправительном учреждении, расположенном в пределах территории субъекта Российской Федерации, в котором осужденный проживал или был осужден. Однако в настоящее время соблюдение данного принципа достаточно проблематично, и выходом из сложившейся ситуации может быть создание комплексных (мультирежимных) исправительных учреждений. Данное положение не противоречит и положениям международных стандартов исполнения наказаний, подобные положения имеются и в Минимальных стандартных правилах в отношении обращения с заключенными 2015 г., и в Европейских пенитенциарных правилах. Все это обосновывает актуальность изучаемой темы.

Currently, there is a process of active reform of the penal system, in addition, work is being carried out in parallel to change the penal legislation. The number of convicts held in places of deprivation of liberty is constantly decreasing, and there is a certain trend when correctional institutions of one type of regime are overcrowded, while others are not filled in full, which is why their number is decreasing, in particular, there are only 22 juvenile colonies throughout the Russian Federation. Among the principles of deprivation of liberty, the penal legislation of the Russian Federation singles out the principle of serving a sentence in a correctional institution located within the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation where the convicted person lived or was convicted. However, at present, compliance with this principle is quite problematic, so the solution to this situation may be the creation of complex (multi-mode) correctional institutions. This provision does not contradict the provisions of international standards for the execution of sentences, such provisions are found in the standard Minimum rules for the treatment of prisoners of 2015, and in the European prison rules. All this justifies the relevance of the topic under study.
The forms of penalization of socially dangerous acts
Authors: Валеев Марат Тагирович
Published: November 2021

В статье рассматривается вопрос о формах выражения пенализации общественно опасных деяний. Приводятся виды этих форм в Общей и Особенной части УК РФ - «смысловая», «содержательная», «перечневая», «видовая», «системная», «санкционная», а также их содержание, последовательность, отличия и основания. Автор предлагает изменить подход к «вертикальному» восприятию перечня уголовных наказаний как построенного от менее сурового к более суровому наказанию, в связи с тем, что он не соответствует действительности и малоэффективен, на «горизонтальный», построенный по принципу группировки наказаний в зависимости от категорий преступлений.

The article examines the issue of the forms of expressing penalization for the socially dangerous acts. The kinds of these forms are given in the General and Special sections of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation - “semantical,” “substantive,” “enumerative,” “modal,” “systemic,” “sanctioned,” as well as their contents, sequence, differences, and causes. Due to the fact that it is ineffective and not true, the author proposes to change the perception of the criminal penalties list from “vertical” - based on the increase in the severity of punishment, to “horizontal,” in which the punishments are grouped depending on the categories of the crimes.
Judicial penalty as an element of “quasi-criminal law”
Authors: Дорошенко Олег Вячеславович
Published: November 2021

В статье рассматриваются проблемные аспекты судебного штрафа. Делается вывод, что, поскольку судебный штраф по своей правовой природе является иной мерой уголовно-правового характера, поэтому он должен быть справедливым (ст. 6 УК РФ), не может иметь своей целью причинение физических страданий и унижение человеческого достоинства (ст. 7 УК РФ). Судебный штраф схож с уголовным наказанием, поскольку лицо, совершившее преступление и освобожденное от уголовной ответственности с назначением судебного штрафа, испытывает страдания, схожие со страданиями лица, к которому применено уголовное наказание, однако в меньших размерах. Проводится сравнительный анализ штрафа как уголовного наказания и судебного штрафа. Делается вывод, что в некоторых случаях судебный штраф является более строгой мерой, нежели штраф как уголовное наказание. Анализируется статистика назначения судебного штрафа. Автор приходит к выводу, что при назначении судебного штрафа должно учитываться мнение потерпевшего (при его наличии).

The article discusses the problematic aspects of the court fine. It is concluded that a judicial fine by its legal nature is a different measure of a criminal-law nature, since it is established for committing crimes (Art. 2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), it must be fair (Art. 6 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), and it cannot aim at causing physical suffering and humiliation of human dignity (Art. 7 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). The court fine is similar to criminal punishment, since the person who committed the crime and who is exempted from criminal liability with the imposition of a judicial fine suffers similar suffering to the person to whom the criminal penalty was applied, but to a lesser extent. A comparative analysis of the fine as a criminal punishment and the judicial fine is carried out. It is concluded that in some cases, a judicial fine is a more severe measure than a fine as a criminal punishment. The statistics of the appointment of a fine are provided. The author concludes that when imposing a fine, the opinion of the victim (if any) should be taken into account.
Radioactive isotopes: astrophysics answers in abundance
Authors: Wehmeyer Benjamin , Kobayashi Chiaki , Lugaro Maria
Published: November 2021

Radioactive isotopes: astrophysics answers in abundance

The ERC Consolidator Grant project “RADIOSTAR: Radioactivities form Stars to Solar Systems” uses radioactive nuclei produced by nuclear reactions inside stars and supernovae to understand the history of the chemical matter that builds up our Sun, our planet and ourselves, generating a new understanding of our solar system and the life within it.
SynBioBrain: building biological computers from bacterial
Authors: Treloar Neythen J , Wen Ke Yan , Fedorec Alex JH , Barnes Chris P
Published: November 2021

SynBioBrain: building biological computers from bacterial

Using synthetic biology, we can now engineer bacteria into whole-cell biosensors where sensing, transduction and output occur within the living cell. Applications include the detection of harmful environmental agents, bioprocess monitoring, and detecting medically relevant biomarkers. Engineering microbial consortia allows biosensor information to be integrated and processed in a distributed fashion. In this project, we construct biological computers formed from engineered bacterial populations that communicate using intercellular signalling molecules. Our approach opens up new ways to perform biological computation.