bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interacting quantum mixtures for precision atom interferometry
Authors: Corgier Robin , Loriani Sina , Ahlers Holger , Posso-Trujillo Katerine , Schubert Christian , Rasel Ernst M , Charron Eric , Gaaloul Naceur
Published: November 2020

We present a source engineering concept for a binary quantum mixture suitable as input for differential, precision atom interferometry with drift times of several seconds. To solve the non-linear dynamics of the mixture, we develop a set of scaling approach equations and verify their validity contrasting it to the one of a system of coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations. This scaling approach is a generalization of the standard approach commonly used for single species. Its validity range is discussed with respect to intra- and inter-species interaction regimes. We propose a multi-stage, non-linear atomic lens sequence to simultaneously create dual ensembles with ultra-slow kinetic expansion energies, below 15 pK. Our scheme has the advantage of mitigating wave front aberrations, a leading systematic effect in precision atom interferometry.
Super sub-wavelength interference via high-order correlation of light fields
Authors: Zhang Erfeng , Xu Yaokun , Li Dun , Dai Weihua
Published: November 2020

We propose a scheme to realize super sub-wavelength interference in virtue of high-order spatial correlation with a programmable light source, which can be applied to enhance precision in measurement and control. In this proposal, the light source is produced by modulating the wavefront of a laser beam randomly in time with a phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM). Combing the intensity patterns measured by a CCD camera and the computed intensity patterns using the phase masks loaded on the SLM, the super sub-wavelength interference pattern of an object can be obtained by using high-order spatial correlation measurement. The resolution of the interference pattern can, in principle, be arbitrarily high, and a higher resolution can be obtained as the order of the correlation function increases.
Photoionization dynamics of Mg atoms during Paul trap loading using a two-color UV laser system
Authors: Aksenov Mikhail , Zalivako Ilia , Semenin Nikita , Smirnov Vasilii , Zhuravlev Igor , Vishnyakov Pavel , Sidorov Pavel , Borisenko Alexander , Semerikov Ilia , Khabarova Ksenia , Kolachevsky Nikolai
Published: November 2020

Trapped ions have proven to be a powerful instrument in quantum logic, precision metrology and tests of fundamental theories. Many applications require isotopically pure ion crystals to be trapped; however, selective loading methods require either isotopically pure atom sources or dedicated ultraviolet laser systems. Here we investigate the loading dynamics of the isotopically pure magnesium ion crystals photoionized and Doppler-cooled with a two-color UV laser system at 285 nm and 280 nm. The system shares the same tapered amplifier and the first stage of a second-harmonic generation for both wavelengths, which significantly reduces the complexity and cost of the experiment. A selective loading rate of 0.05 ions s−1 was achieved, supporting theoretical evaluations.
Using modern CAE systems for assessing the building structures made of traditional building materials technical condition
Authors: Alpatov V , Balzannikov M
Published: November 2020

Modern “computer-aided design” (CAD) systems allow to process difficult researches on building structures of buildings and constructions. Program complexes, allowing to calculate and get performance predictions of materials and constructions made from them, considered as CAE (Computer Aided Engineering). CAE systems are used not only for creating and researching new materials, but also widely used for rating of traditional material condition. For brick chimney technical condition research program complexes SolidWorks and «Lira-W» were used. Using these calculation complexes structural rigidity, brickwork structures strength ratings were made, the need for taking measures to strengthen the construction was set. Using numerical researches, hazardous locations were identified along the height of the structure. For hazardous locations, a comparative analysis of obtained values of stresses in masonry was carried out in two calculation complexes.
Study of bonding zone composite reinforced structures
Authors: Nikitin K E , Zhukov D I , Moskovtseva V S
Published: November 2020

A bonding zone between elements of layered composite concrete structure was investigated. Results of stress-strain state, nonlinear deformation, and crack resistance of this zone are presented. The bonding zone simulation was performed using the developed methodology based on the finite element method. The problem was solved in a nonlinear formulation using elements with nonlinear material properties and one-side contact elements. A fragment of a layered structure made of two concretes with different strength and under the action of shear forces was considered. Based on the available experimental data, shear stiffness of the bonding zone was calculated. The simulation of the deformation process for the composite structure was performed taking into account its nonlinear deformation and consideration of the cracking process up to the moment of its complete failure. The obtained results of are compared with experimental data. The necessity of using the actual strength and deformation characteristics of the shear of the bonding zone when modeling the deformation process and evaluating the ultimate breaking load is shown.
Differences in the calculation of reinforcement in reinforced concrete floor slabs, calculated in the LIRA program according to the theories of Wood R H and Karpenko N I
Authors: Khayrnasov K Z
Published: November 2020

The calculation methodology presented in the program LIRA is based on the theory of academician N I Karpenko about reinforced concrete structures and their deformations. As an additional option for calculating and constructing elements in the program, the method of Wood’s theory. At the same time, the results of reinforcement calculated according to these theories are significantly different, while the use of any of these theories is allowed by normative documents binding on the territory of Russia and the final choice of theory depends only on the experience of the engineer. The aim of this work is to identify the features of calculating the distribution of reinforcement according to the theories of Wood’s and Karpenko’s. The results of the study of reinforced concrete floor slabs loaded with a constant uniformly distributed load with articulated support on short sides are obtained. The study showed that reinforcement according to the theories of Karpenko’s and Wood’s differs mainly by 10 and in environs of consolidation by 70%. The results were analyzed.
Research of features of increasing operational reliability of historical buildings in Russia
Authors: Krygina A M , Koshlich Y A , Oberemok M I
Published: November 2020

Considering the high importance of historic buildings in shaping the architectural appearance of Russian cities, the features of reconstruction of these buildings and structures are performed in this paper to ensure the operational safety of the properties and their structural safety. There is proposed a comprehensive approach to solving the problem which includes the following main types of research: studying the design features of historical real estate, analyzing the reliability of structural and finishing materials, including the study of their authenticity. Special attention is paid to assessing the impact of natural and technogenic impacts on the reliability of the structural scheme of the object as a whole and its individual elements, monitoring new construction in adjacent territories, geotechnical monitoring, assessing the impact of building reconstruction on changes in the design scheme of the building.
The potential for the development of renewable energy generation in Russian territories where the power supply system is decentralized
Authors: Sharovarova E P , Alekhin V N , Avdonina L I
Published: November 2020

The problem of conservation of energy sources is actual in many countries. The energy strategies of developed countries are aimed at renewable energy sources. For instance, European Union has already developed a long-term strategy ENERGYSTRATEGY 2050 aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emission by more than 80-95% from 1990 levels. Russian Federation has also developed the national program “Energy saving and improvement of energy efficiency for the period until 2030”. The distinctive feature of Russian energy system development is decentralized energy supply on large territories. Therefore, the renewable energy development is urgent. This article describes prospective directions of development of renewable energy generation systems in underpopulated and isolated territories of the Russian Federation where energy supply is decentralized.
The urban planning information platform: progressive methods of planning and managing the sustainable development of territories
Authors: Spiridonov V Yu , Shabiev S G
Published: November 2020

The urban planning information platform, including the “digital twin” model, has become the basis for the integration of various urban planning and sector-wide approaches and a tool for progressive spatial planning, design, and management of the sustainable development of territories. The study resulted in the identification of several “smart urban planning” aspects as a promising direction in the development of the theory and practice of urban planning. The article gives a brief description of the modern global experience in digital forecasting, programming, and design of the spatial system. It discloses the provisions of strategic urban planning, modeling the graphic identity of a territory, and master planning taking into account digital information systems and information and communication technologies. The authors propose to separate the concepts of “territorial” and “spatial”, taking into account their differences and tasks. They determine perspective tasks in the field of the development of urban planning information systems and “digital twins” aimed at spatial planning and modeling. They consider the theoretical provisions of predictive probabilistic modeling; initiative, institutional and participatory planning, taking into account the interests of residents, business, scientific and public institutions, as well as the tasks of creating a comfortable, safe and landscaped living environment.
Algorithm for assessing the comfort level of life support facilities and socially significant facilities by accessibility indicators
Authors: Bakaeva N V , Gordon V A , Chernyaeva I V
Published: November 2020

The concept of availability infrastructure facilities for population within the implementation of biosphere-compatible city functions is defined. The classification of city functions availability on the basis of territorial, time-dependent and individual characteristics is presented. The algorithm for the assessment of infrastructure facilities availability by means of comparing actual and specified indices is provided in the article. A quantitative implementation of the method developed in the example of one of the microdistricts of Orel’s city is given. The proposed method for assessing the availability of infrastructure facilities to analyze the state of the territory and the viability of urban planning decisions, as well as the feasibility of reconstruction of the territory. The numerical distribution of a comprehensive indicator of the availability of infrastructure facilities and a further assessment of the feasibility of the functions of a biosphere-compatible city allows analysing the urban design decisions and urban development innovations that contribute to the full development of man and increase human potential.
Complex construction: urban design principles and the basis of sustainable development
Authors: Puchkov M V
Published: November 2020

This article evaluates the basic principles of the spatial organization of complex development projects on the city’s territory and characteristics of some modern commercially successful projects. Today complex development projects are one of the main types of constructions, which can be a part of sustainable urban development. “The XXI century – time of the cities”, sounded in the decision of the congress of the International Union of architects of 1999 in Beijing. More than a half of the population of Earth lives in the urbanized territories, and this share will grow in the future only, at the expense of a proceeding “explosive” urbanization of developing countries. Basing on the analysis of several modern Russian examples, we made some conclusions about the most important strategic decisions in the areas of planning, zoning and architecture, which provide integrated development project creating a high quality urban environment.
The origins of the formation and features of the manifestation of the Chinese Europeanized Architecture in mid-19th–second half of the 20th century
Authors: Kim A A
Published: November 2020

This article will look at the main preexisting architectural influences lying behind the development of Sino-Western architecture, fine examples of which exist in the southern (diaolou and qilou), central (shikumen) and Manchurian provinces (Chinese baroque). The first group consists of European architecture, as seen in the construction of European settlements and possessions in China, as well as the European-influenced buildings of Southeast Asia. The second group is the traditional architecture of China itself, which is a variation of the main type of Chinese residential buildings-siheyuan. The manifestation of the European influence in urban planning, space-planning decisions and decorative design of facades will be analyzed. It will be pointed out that the smallest changes affected city-planning decisions, which practically did not change. Functional and planning schemes of traditional Chinese buildings continued to dominate in the space-planning structure until the late stages of development. In the decorative design, from the first stages of development, an active borrowing of foreign elements can be traced, while their transformation occurred due to attempts to adapt them to traditional architectural forms and the local builders’ ignorance of the canons of European architecture.
Ecological trends of the formation of spatial habitat Environment in architecture: precedents of the future
Authors: Saprykina N A
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the current problem of the formation of an eco-sustainable architectural environment, for which environmental trends of spatial habitat organization in the architecture of the future are revealed. This concept allows us to understand the relevance and necessity of finding new trends in the formation of architectural science and design. The aim of the article is to analyze innovative concepts for the formation of habitat in the architecture of the future to identify environmental trends in their development. The study identifies: ways to develop eco-sustainable architecture as an environmental alternative in the context of an innovative paradigm, techniques for the formation of resource-saving environment as a rethinking of the function of cities and Innovative techniques for creating an artificial habitat in extreme conditions as a safety resource.
Differentiation of Russian megalopolises by the level of urban environment quality and the standard needs of the population
Authors: Ershova S A , Orlovskaya T N
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the study of differentiation between Russian megalopolises according to level of the quality of life and provision for standard needs of population. Having reviewed the existing literature on the quality of life indicators, authors provide a selection of the most important indicators. By analysing the indicators of the standard needs of population and existing the quality of urban environment, authors demonstrate significant differentiation between Russian megalopolises according to the achieved level of urban environment quality. Comparative analysis has been carried out using an economic and mathematical model that clusters megalopolises using indicators characterizing the level of accommodation of the standard needs.
Possibility of ecological remediation of oil production territories with the use of industrial hemp
Authors: Timofeeva S S , Gorlenko N V , Timofeev S S
Published: November 2020

Variants of fulfilling the technologies of phytoremediation are considered, which propose to plant oil-contaminated territories with vegetation with microbial communities in its rhizosphere characterized with high microbial content, and at the same time with high emulsifying properties. A list of plants for phytoremediation is given. In the context of the northern territories of the Irkutsk Region, a possibility to use industrial hemp as a plant for phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soils is demonstrated. The composition of the oil-contaminated soils with regard to the distance from a drilling rig is studied. Depending on the level of contamination, the germinating ability of the industrial hemp seeds is assessed.
The effect of rectangulargurney flap on wells turbine performance
Authors: Kotb A T , Nawar M A , Abd El Maksoud R M
Published: November 2020

Wells turbine is very adept at converting pneumatic power from ocean waves into mechanical energy. However, such turbines incur from low performance, limited operating range and low efficiency. The present study introduces a method to enhance the power produced from Wells turbine by implementing rectangular Gurney flap (GF). The Gurney flap is placed on both pressure and suction sides of the trailing edge (TE) and perpendicular to the chord line without change chord length. GF increases the lift coefficient by altering the Kutta condition at the TE. The turbine performance is herein evaluated by solving numerically 3D incompressible Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes equations (RANS) by using ANSYS Fluent 19.0. The performance is demonstrated according to the flow coefficient, torque coefficient, total pressure loss coefficient, and the turbine efficiency, as well as the velocity and pressure fields around the turbine blades. The validation of the present work was achieved using previous experimental work and CFD work by using SST k – ω turbulence model. The present work showed that the Wells turbine augmented with GF increases the torque coefficient by 41.98%. Besides, the stall has been delayed compared with the conventional Wells turbine.
Effect of modified bouc-wen model parameters on the dynamic hysteresis of magnetorheological dampers
Authors: Abdelhamed M , Ata W G , Salem A M , Khafagy A Z
Published: November 2020

Magnetorheological (MR) dampers are a semi active control device that becoming a promising actuators in vibration mitigation. The unique properties of MR fluids are used to control the damping force without consuming large power source. Despite MR dampers are fail-safe, efficient, and robustness devices, they poses significant nonlinear characteristics. A well-known Bouc-Wen models and their extension modified Bouc-Wen are the most accurate models that predict the hysteresis of the MR dampers. However, these models suffer from some complexity and limitations and they miss a good fitting to the measured data. In this paper, the existing modified Bouc-Wen (MBW) models are introduced and their dynamic characteristics are simulated using MATLAB Simulink environment. The robustness of the model is judged by a comparison between the experimental tests of the MR damper (on and off state) on the MTS damper test machine in MTC and the simulated characteristics. To better understand the damper nonlinearity, an investigation into the effect of the model parameters on the dynamic characteristics of the damper is studied. A parametric study is proposed to identify the optimal model parameters that best fits the experimental data. The response of the model with the obtained parameters is validated across the measured MR damper characteristics under different sinusoidal excitations and command current. The results show a good agreement between the simulated and measured responses of the MR damper.
Numerical investigations of bistable piezoelectric cantilever for enhanced energy harvesting
Authors: Abdelnaby M A , Shiba M S , Ali S
Published: November 2020

Piezoelectric energy harvesting applications have been highly impacted research area recently. Numerical investigations for bistable piezoelectric cantilevers have great importance to understand its dynamic performance. This paper aims to develop comprehensive numerical models to simulate the dynamic response of aunimorph piezoelectric bender under bistability effect for enhanced energy harvesting. To this end, the equivalent stiffness, damping, electromagnetic coupling and capacitance coefficients of a bistable piezoelectric cantilever have been numerically developed. Besides, finite element models are developed to determine the bistability repulsion force between magnets. The resulting simulations are then implemented in an electromechanical model to predict the output voltage and power over a range of load resistance.
Performance investigation and control parameters choice for sliding mode control of coupled tanks system
Authors: Louis M A , Roman M R , Mahmoud O E , Sedrak M F
Published: November 2020

In several food processing and chemical industries, liquid is pumped and kept in interrelating coupled tanks. However, automatic regulation of the liquid level and flow control between these tanks is a challenging problem because of the complexity and high non linearity of such system. This paper deals with the liquid level control of two horizontal coupled tanks system. A comprehensive comparative study is made for most popular sliding mode control (SMC) algorithms found in literature, namely Proportional-Derivative Sliding Mode Control (PD-SMC), Proportional-Integral-Derivative SMC (PID-SMC), Fractional Order SMC and finally dynamic SMC. Special emphasis is put on the effect of the sensor noise on the controller performance. Simulated experiments including robustness to variation in plant parameters and step input disturbances are made. Control algorithms parameters are selected to optimize designed performance indices by using MATLAB optimization toolbox. Simulation results reveal that dynamic SMC is superior to other control algorithms in the presence of sensor noise and has a significant reduction in the actuator chattering phenomenon.
Epitaxial synthesis of graphene on 4H-SiC by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Zhang Xuemin , Yan Changling , Zeng Chunhong , Sun Tianyu , Xing Zheng , Shi Wenhua , Wang Yiqun , Pang Chao , Zhang Baoshun
Published: November 2020

Epitaxial graphene (EG) on semi-insulating SiC prepared by a thermal decomposition method is the most promising strategy for graphene application in large-scale integrated circuits due to compatibility with current semiconductor processes. In this study, high-quality few-layer graphene (FLG) was epitaxially grown on the semi-insulating on-axis 4H-SiC by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD). Both sides of the SiC substrate were etched with H2 plasma at ∼1000 °C to promote the nucleation and the growth of graphite before epitaxial growth. The surface morphology and properties of EG on SiC (0001) were measured by energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX), x-ray photoelectron spectrogram (XPS), and atomic force microscope (AFM). The qualities of EG grown on the two surfaces of SiC at various temperatures were checked by Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, the EG growth was controlled by the effect of Ar plasma in the MPCVD and the few-layer (1–3 layers) high-quality EG films were formed on SiC (000

1

¯

). The room temperature Hall mobility of EGs up to 2790 cm2 V−1 s−1 on SiC(000

1

¯

) was realized.
Evaluation of in vivo THz sensing for assessing human skin hydration
Authors: Lindley-Hatcher Hannah , Hernandez-Serrano A I , Wang Jiarui , Cebrian Juan , Hardwicke Joseph , Pickwell-MacPherson Emma
Published: November 2020

Terahertz (THz) in vivo reflection imaging can be used to assess the water content of the surface of the skin. This study presents the results of treating 20 subjects with aqueous, anhydrous and water-oil emulsion samples and observing the changes induced in the skin using THz sensing. These regions were also measured with a corneometer, the present gold standard for skin hydration assessment within the cosmetics industry. We find that THz sensing is effective at observing the presence of oil and water on the surface of the skin, these results can be verified with the measurements of capacitance taken by the corneometer. The THz measurements reveal a distinction between the responses of subjects with initially dry or well hydrated skin, this observation is particularly noticeable with the oil-based samples. Additionally, moderate correlation was found between the THz reflected amplitude and capacitance of untreated skin with a correlation coefficient of r = −0.66, suggesting THz sensing has promising potential for assessing skin hydration.
Multi-channel optical neuromorphic processor for frequency-multiplexed signals
Authors: Sorokina Mariia
Published: November 2020

Here we develop the first optical neuromorphic processor for frequency-multiplexed and multi-channel signals and demonstrate its application for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing and wavelength-division multiplexing. The presented architecture supports multichannel operation through incorporation of the optical Fourier transform and dispersion-managed fiber echo state network analogue enabling processing of dual-quadrature high bandwidth signals. We demonstrate applicability of the design for prediction and equalization tasks. The proposed technology paves the way to multi-channel neuromorphic signal processing.
Multifractal characterization of femtosecond laser-induced herringbone patterns
Authors: Mitra Vramori , Garcell Erik M , ElKabbash Mohamed , Neogi Anupam , Guo Chunlei
Published: November 2020

Analysis of surface structures formed due to femtosecond laser surface ablation is usually done through subjective assessment of the surface images. Here, we analyze the evolution of femtosecond laser-induced surface structures using multifractal analysis. We computed the singularity spectrum to characterize the behavior of laser-induced herringbone patterns. The surface morphology of the ablated surface shows a polarization dependent multifractal nature. The singularity spectrum depicts three distinct morphological phases that sequentially form as a function of the laser pulse number. We objectively characterize the laser-dependent morphological properties of herringbone structures. Multifractal analysis was able to reflect the hierarchy, uniformity, and roughness of the formed structures and their dependence on the pulse number and polarization.
Beyond COVID-19: network science and sustainable exit strategies
Authors: Bell J , Bianconi G , Butler D , Crowcroft J , Davies P C W , Hicks C , Kim H , Kiss I Z , Di Lauro F , Maple C , Paul A , Prokopenko M , Tee P , Walker S
Published: November 2020

On May 28th and 29th, a two day workshop was held virtually, facilitated by the Beyond Center at ASU and Moogsoft Inc. The aim was to bring together leading scientists with an interest in network science and epidemiology to attempt to inform public policy in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Epidemics are at their core a process that progresses dynamically upon a network, and are a key area of study in network science. In the course of the workshop a wide survey of the state of the subject was conducted. We summarize in this paper a series of perspectives of the subject, and where the authors believe fruitful areas for future research are to be found.
Controlling photoluminescence spectra of hBN color centers by selective phonon-assisted excitation: a theoretical proposal
Authors: Groll Daniel , Hahn Thilo , Machnikowski Paweł , Wigger Daniel , Kuhn Tilmann
Published: November 2020

Color centers in hexagonal boron nitride show stable single photon emission even at room temperature, making these systems a promising candidate for quantum information applications. Besides this remarkable property, also their interaction with longitudinal optical (LO) phonons is quite unique because they lead to dominant phonon sidebands, well separated from the zero phonon line. In this work we utilize this clear spectral separation to theoretically investigate the influence of phonon decay dynamics on time-dependent photoluminescence (PL) signals. Our simulations show, that by using tailored optical excitation schemes it is possible to create a superposition between the two LO modes, leading to a phonon quantum beat that manifests in the time-dependent PL signal.
On the harmonic volume of Fermat curves
Authors: Eskandari Payman , Murty V.
Published: November 2020

We prove that B. Harris’ harmonic volume of the Fermat curve of degree

n
n

is of infinite order if

n
n

has a prime divisor greater than 7. The statement is equivalent to the statement that the Griffiths’ Abel-Jacobi image of the Ceresa cycle of such a curve is of infinite order for every choice of base point. In particular, these cycles are of infinite order modulo rational equivalence.
A note on the Weyl formula for balls in ℝ^{𝕕}
Authors: Guo Jingwei
Published: November 2020

Let

B

=
{
x
∈

R

d

:

|

x

|

>
R
}

\mathscr {B}=\{x\in \mathbb {R}^d : |x|>R \}

(

d
≥
3

d\geq 3

) be a ball. We consider the Dirichlet Laplacian associated with

B

\mathscr {B}

and prove that its eigenvalue counting function has an asymptotics
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="script upper N Subscript script upper B Baseline left-parenthesis mu right-parenthesis equals upper C Subscript d Baseline normal v normal o normal l left-parenthesis script upper B right-parenthesis mu Superscript d Baseline minus upper C prime Subscript d Baseline normal v normal o normal l left-parenthesis partial-differential script upper B right-parenthesis mu Superscript d minus 1 Baseline plus upper O left-parenthesis mu Superscript d minus 2 plus StartFraction 131 Over 208 EndFraction Baseline left-parenthesis log mu right-parenthesis Superscript StartFraction 18627 Over 8320 EndFraction Baseline right-parenthesis">

N

B

(
μ
)
=

C
d

v
o
l

(

B

)

μ
d

−

C
d
′

v
o
l

(
∂

B

)

μ

d
−
1

+
O

(

μ

d
−
2
+

131
208

(
log
⁡
μ

)

18627
8320

)

\begin{equation*} \mathscr {N}_\mathscr {B}(\mu )=C_d \mathrm {vol}(\mathscr {B})\mu ^d-C’_d\mathrm {vol}(\partial \mathscr {B})\mu ^{d-1}+O\left (\mu ^{d-2+\frac {131}{208}}(\log \mu )^{\frac {18627}{8320}}\right ) \end{equation*}

as

μ
→
∞

\mu \rightarrow \infty

.
Entropy bounds through continuum theory
Authors: Morales C. , San Martin B. , Sirvent V.
Published: November 2020

We will use continuum-theory to obtain an upper bound for the Kolmogorov-Sinai metric entropy. This bound (throughout called continuum-wise entropy) though different satisfies some properties resembling the metric entropy. Moreover, we prove that every ergodic measure with positive continuum-wise entropy is continuum-wise expansive.
On actions of connected Hopf algebras
Authors: Yammine Ramy
Published: November 2020

Let

H
H

be a connected Hopf algebra acting on an algebra

A
A

. Working over a base field having characteristic

0
0

, we show that for a given prime (semi-prime, completely prime) ideal

I
I

of

A
A

, the largest

H
H

-stable ideal of A contained in

I
I

is also prime (semi-prime, completely prime). We also prove a similar result for certain subrings of convolution algebras.
Targets and holes
Authors: Giulietti P. , Koltai P. , Vaienti S.
Published: November 2020

We address the extreme value problem of a one-dimensional dynamical system approaching a fixed target while constrained to avoid a fixed set, which can be thought of as a small hole. The presence of the latter influences the extremal index which depends explicitly on the escape rate.
Scalarly weakly almost periodic distal representations are strongly almost periodic
Authors: Junghenn H.
Published: November 2020

Kadets and Lyubich have shown that a weakly almost periodic representation of a topological group on a Banach space has the property that a vector with almost periodic coefficients is almost periodic. In this paper we obtain the analogous result for distal representations of semigroups on quasi-complete locally convex spaces, removing the condition that the representation be weakly almost periodic and requiring only that the coefficients of the representation be weakly almost periodic.
Riesz bases of exponentials and the Bohr topology
Authors: Cabrelli Carlos , Hare Kathryn , Molter Ursula
Published: November 2020

We provide a necessary and sufficient condition to ensure that a multi-tile

Ω
⊂

R

d

\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^{d}

of positive measure (but not necessarily bounded) admits a structured Riesz basis of exponentials for

L

2

(
Ω
)

L^{2}(\Omega )

. New examples are given and this characterization is generalized to abstract locally compact abelian groups.
CB1R Promotes Chronic Alcohol-Induced Neuronal Necroptosis in Mice Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Ye Lin , Li Shuhao , Liu Xiaochen , Zhang Dingang , Li Liliang , Jiang Yan
Published: November 2020

Aims

Alcohol abuse induces multiple neuropathology and causes global burden to human health. Prefrontal cortex (PFC) is one of the most susceptible regions to alcohol-induced neuropathology. However, precise mechanisms underlying these effects on PFC remain to be elucidated. Herein, we investigated whether RIP1/RIP3/MLKL-mediated necroptosis was involved in the alcohol-induced PFC injury, and explored the effect that cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) exerted on the neurotoxicity of alcohol.

Methods

In this study, dynamic development of neuronal necroptosis in the PFC region was monitored after 95% (v/v) alcohol vapor administration for 15 and 30 days, respectively. Selective CBRs agonists or inverse agonists were pretreated according to the experimental design. All the PFC tissues were isolated and further examined by biochemical and histopathological analyses.

Results

It was found that chronic alcohol exposure increased the protein level of MLKL and also the phosphorylated levels of RIP1, RIP3 and MLKL in a time-dependent manner, all of which indicated the activation of necroptosis signaling. Particularly, compared to astrocytes, neurons from the PFC showed more prototypical necrotic morphology in response to alcohol insults. In parallel, an increased protein level of CB1R was also found after 15 and 30 days alcohol exposure. Administration of specific inverse agonists of CB1R (AM251 and AM281), but not its agonists or CB2R modulators, significantly alleviated the RIP1/RIP3/MLKL-mediated neuronal necroptosis.

Conclusion

We reported the involvement of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL-mediated necroptosis in alcohol-induced PFC neurotoxicity, and identified CB1R as a critical regulator of neuronal necroptosis that enhanced our understanding of alcohol-induced neuropathology in the PFC.
Assessing Psychometrists’ Practices to Inform Neuropsychological Services
Authors: Zane Katherine L , McCuddy William T , Mahoney, III James J , Kelty Merry K , Scarisbrick David M
Published: November 2020

Objective

Quality of life (QOL) is a broad-ranging concept affecting an individual’s physical health, psychological state, social relationships, and relationship to their environment. Although the role of psychometrists in clinical neuropsychology is integral to the delivery of services, little is known about their QOL. The current study assessed psychometrists’ workload and aspects related to work QOL (e.g., physical and emotional exhaustion, social and work satisfaction).

Method

Psychometrists (N = 164) from 38 states completed a nationally distributed survey. Participants averaged eight years of experience, ~29% completed board certification, and worked primarily in general hospitals (~36%), academic medical centers (~21%), private practice (~15%), veterans/military hospitals (~13%), and rehabilitation hospitals (~12%).

Results

Respondents saw 5.6±2.4 (Mean±Standard Deviation) patients and spent 18.8±6.9 and 9.4±4.9 hours administering and scoring, respectively, per week. Although the majority of respondents felt satisfied with their work QOL, approximately 49% experienced emotional exhaustion, 42% experienced burnout, and 62% reported that fatigue interfered with work, family, or social life. Correlational analyses found a significant relationship between QOL variables and professional activities, particularly with time spent scoring. Additionally, patient load, time spent administering/scoring, and QOL factors varied depending on work setting.

Conclusion

The current study provides a novel characterization of psychometrists’ QOL. Specifically, the prevalence of emotional exhaustion and fatigue appears to be higher than in the general working population in the United States. In addition, these findings highlight the current variability of job responsibilities and QOL across work settings. Ongoing advocacy and practice adjustments for this field are indicated.
In Vitro Evaluation of Common Antimicrobial Solutions Used for Breast Implant Soaking and Breast Pocket Irrigation—Part 1: Efficacy Against Planktonic Bacteria
Authors: Jewell Mark L , Hariri Sara , Lantz Ellen E , Jewell Hillary L , Strickland Aaron D , Leung Braden K
Published: November 2020

Background

Planktonic bacteria can be inadvertently introduced during breast surgery procedures, which are hypothesized to lead to complications such as infection, capsular contracture, breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and a prolonged local inflammatory response. The utilization of antimicrobial solutions such as triple antibiotic solution (TAB) and/or 10% povidone-iodine (PI) in breast pocket irrigation or implant soaking has been proposed to reduce planktonic bacterial attachment and potential complications.

Objectives

A series of in vitro assessments were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial utility of TAB and PI, either alone or in combination, against planktonic bacteria.

Methods

Planktonic gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains were exposed to TAB and PI ± TAB for up to 10 minutes in a bacterial time-kill assay. The efficacy of various dilutions of PI as well as the effects of serum protein on PI efficacy were also investigated.

Results

TAB was ineffective at the timeframes tested (≤10 minutes) when utilized alone; however, when utilized with PI, significant log reduction of all tested planktonic species was achieved. PI alone was also effective, even including dilute concentrations (eg, 0.5% PI), although the presence of serum proteins required higher concentrations of PI (eg, 2.5%) to eradicate the bacterial load.

Conclusions

Our data suggest PI-containing solutions may be preferred over either saline or TAB without PI for primary breast pocket irrigation and implant soaking in primary breast surgeries as a means to significantly reduce planktonic bacteria. These data provide an impetus for surgeons to re-evaluate the efficacy of TAB solution in these clinical settings.
Novel SARS-CoV-2 encoded small RNAs in the passage to humans
Authors: Merino Gabriela A , Raad Jonathan , Bugnon Leandro A , Yones Cristian , Kamenetzky Laura , Claus Juan , Ariel Federico , Milone Diego H , Stegmayer Georgina
Published: November 2020

Motivation

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has recently emerged as the responsible for the pandemic outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019. This virus is closely related to coronaviruses infecting bats and Malayan pangolins, species suspected to be an intermediate host in the passage to humans. Several genomic mutations affecting viral proteins have been identified, contributing to the understanding of the recent animal-to-human transmission. However, the capacity of SARS-CoV-2 to encode functional putative microRNAs (miRNAs) remains largely unexplored.

Results

We have used deep learning to discover 12 candidate stem-loop structures hidden in the viral protein-coding genome. Among the precursors, the expression of eight mature miRNAs-like sequences was confirmed in small RNA-seq data from SARS-CoV-2 infected human cells. Predicted miRNAs are likely to target a subset of human genes of which 109 are transcriptionally deregulated upon infection. Remarkably, 28 of those genes potentially targeted by SARS-CoV-2 miRNAs are down-regulated in infected human cells. Interestingly, most of them have been related to respiratory diseases and viral infection, including several afflictions previously associated with SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. The comparison of SARS-CoV-2 pre-miRNA sequences with those from bat and pangolin coronaviruses suggests that single nucleotide mutations could have helped its progenitors jumping inter-species boundaries, allowing the gain of novel mature miRNAs targeting human mRNAs. Our results suggest that the recent acquisition of novel miRNAs-like sequences in the SARS-CoV-2 genome may have contributed to modulate the transcriptional reprograming of the new host upon infection.

Availability and implementation

https://github.com/sinc-lab/sarscov2-mirna-discovery.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Measuring cerebral perfusion with [11C]-PiB R1 in Down syndrome: associations with amyloid burden and longitudinal cognitive decline
Authors: Mak Elijah , Grigorova Monika , Beresford-Webb Jessica , Malpetti Maura , Walpert Madeline , Brown Stephanie , Jones Elizabeth , Clare Isabel , Hong Young T , Fryer Tim D , Coles Jonathan P , Aigbirhio Franklin I , Menon David K , Nestor Peter J , Holland Anthony J , Zaman Shahid H
Published: November 2020

Positron emission tomography imaging of glucose hypometabolism and amyloid deposition are two well-established methods to evaluate preclinical changes in Alzheimer’s disease and people with Down syndrome. However, the use of both imaging modalities may overburden participants, particularly those with intellectual disabilities and cognitive impairment. The relative tracer delivery of the [11C]-Pittsburgh Compound B has been proposed as a viable surrogate for cerebral perfusion. Here, we studied the impact of amyloid pathology on perfusion changes in Down syndrome and evaluated its associations with cognitive impairment. In total, 47 adults with Down syndrome underwent the [11C]-Pittsburgh Compound B imaging and structural imaging. The structural data were processed with Freesurfer to obtain anatomical segmentations and cortical thickness. The relative tracer delivery from [11C]-Pittsburgh Compound B was derived using a simplified reference tissue model. The sample was stratified into those with minimal amyloid burden (n = 25) and those with elevated amyloid (n = 22). We found significant and widespread reductions of cerebral perfusion in those with elevated amyloid burden, independent of age, gender, cognitive function and cortical thickness. In addition, cerebral perfusion was associated with the cognitive impairment among the Down syndrome group with elevated amyloid burden. These findings highlight the promising utility of the relative tracer delivery of the [11C]-Pittsburgh Compound B as a surrogate index in clinical trials for monitoring disease progression or tracking physiologic changes over time in Down syndrome.
Neural Basis of Semantically Dependent and Independent Cross-Modal Boosts on the Attentional Blink
Authors: Zhao Song , Feng Chengzhi , Huang Xinyin , Wang Yijun , Feng Wenfeng
Published: November 2020

The present study recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) in a visual object-recognition task under the attentional blink paradigm to explore the temporal dynamics of the cross-modal boost on attentional blink and whether this auditory benefit would be modulated by semantic congruency between T2 and the simultaneous sound. Behaviorally, the present study showed that not only a semantically congruent but also a semantically incongruent sound improved T2 discrimination during the attentional blink interval, whereas the enhancement was larger for the congruent sound. The ERP results revealed that the behavioral improvements induced by both the semantically congruent and incongruent sounds were closely associated with an early cross-modal interaction on the occipital N195 (192–228 ms). In contrast, the lower T2 accuracy for the incongruent than congruent condition was accompanied by a larger late occurring cento-parietal N440 (424–448 ms). These findings suggest that the cross-modal boost on attentional blink is hierarchical: the task-irrelevant but simultaneous sound, irrespective of its semantic relevance, firstly enables T2 to escape the attentional blink via cross-modally strengthening the early stage of visual object-recognition processing, whereas the semantic conflict of the sound begins to interfere with visual awareness only at a later stage when the representation of visual object is extracted.
Association of β-Lactam Allergy Documentation and Prophylactic Antibiotic Use in Surgery: A National Cross-Sectional Study of Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Bertram Christie M , Postelnick Michael , Mancini Christian M , Fu Xiaoqing , Zhang Yuqing , Schulz Lucas T , Bhowmick Tanaya , Lee Francesca , Blumenthal Kimberly G
Published: November 2020

Alternative antibiotics for surgical prophylaxis are associated with increased adverse events and surgical site infection compared to cefazolin. In a sample of perioperative inpatients from 100 hospitals in the United States, cefazolin was 9-fold less likely to be used in patients with a documented β-lactam allergy whereas clindamycin was 45-fold more likely.
The impact of corrective feedback on English articles
Authors: di Gennaro Kristen , Ekiert Monika
Published: November 2020

Studies on focused written corrective feedback in L2 contexts report that such feedback is effective, even with learners’ use of English articles. They report that by narrowly targeting two single-rule-based functions—first-mention a/an and second-mention the—learners acquire greater mastery and control over these forms. The effects of such selective corrective feedback on learners’ understanding of the complex and opaque English article system has not yet been considered in this strand of research. This classroom-based study investigates the impact of such focused corrective feedback on learners’ remaining functional article uses. The results indicate that while the focused corrective feedback leads to increased accuracy in the simple rule-based functions of articles, the same feedback may negatively impact the remaining article functions, especially for the group that received the most explicit feedback in the form of metalinguistic explanation.