bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cerebellar and Vestibular Symptomatology*
Authors: Philippon Jacques , Poirier Jacques
Published: November 2023

The description of cerebellar symptomatology was a major part of Babinski’s work, and the neologisms he created (with one exception, cerebellar catalepsy) are even today commonly used in daily medical language, including terms such as hypermetry, diadochokinesia, and asynergy. Vestibular symptomatology, especially voltaic vertigo, also attracted his attention. On the other hand, Babinski, not being involved in anatomoclinical studies, was completely uninvolved in the definition of some new syndromes that contemporary neurologists identified.1 The most notable include Marie cerebellar hereditary ataxia (1893), Dejerine-9omas olivopontocerebellar atrophy (1900), Holmes familial olivocerebellar atrophy (1907), Lejonne and Lhermitte olivorubrocerebellar atrophy (1909), and, later, Ramsay-Hunt dentorubro atrophy (1921), as well as Marie-Foix-Alajouanine syndrome (ataxia of the cerebellum in the elderly) (1922).2
Babinski’s Public Image
Authors: Philippon Jacques , Poirier Jacques
Published: November 2023

Joseph Babinski’s public image, already positive during his career, retains an international impact 150 years after his death. Although this recognition concerns mainly the Babinski sign, which accounts for more than half of the bibliographical references, the fraternal dedication and culinary talents of his brother, which form an integral part of his life story, are reflected as well. 9ere is still some mystery concerning his private life, his father’s revolutionary activities, the exotic countries where his father and brother spent several years, and even the exceptional gourmet qualities of Ali-Bab. Too, the authenticity of many anecdotes involving Babinski is sometimes di4cult to confirm. To try to develop a more complete picture of how he is remembered, we can look at the contents of o4cial speeches, the hagiographic writings of his pupils, commemorative celebrations, the mention he receives in encyclopedias and history books, and sites named after him.
Adult Learning Disabilities and Adhd
Authors: Mapou Robert L
Published: November 2023

Based on the author's popular workshop, this concise volume provides scientific and practical guidance on assessing learning disabilities and ADHD in adults. It includes instructions for accessing the author's downloadable PowerPoints, as well as a Continuing Education component (3 credits) that is administered by the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology. Topics include definitions of disability (including legal definitions), assessment, and management approaches (from medications and therapy to educational and workplace accommodations), and assistive technology and software. Three case examples are provided, along with a sample report. The book is aimed at clinical neuropsychologists and clinical psychologists who are involved in the assessment and management of adults with learning disabilities and/or ADHD.
Diversity in the Fossil Record and Stephen Jay Gould’s Evolving View of the History of Life
Authors: Bambach Richard K
Published: November 2023

Steve Gould was the most publicly visible paleontologist of the last third of the twentieth century. A brilliant intellect coupled with his forceful and aggressive writing style, iconoclastic views, and passionate advocacy for paleontology as a discipline made Steve exceptionally influential at a time when paleontology was changing from “the handmaiden to stratigraphy” into its modern status as “paleobiology.”
Stephen Jay Gould’S Winnowing Fork Science, Religion, And Creationism
Authors: Kelley Patricia H
Published: November 2023

One of the first things I remember seeing, when I moved into my graduate student office a few doors down the hall from Steve Gould’s, was a clipping posted in the hallway with an alarmist title proclaiming that Gould had disproved evolution. I was a bit taken aback; I had come to Harvard to study paleontology with Stephen Jay Gould, and I began to wonder what I had gotten myself into! I didn’t waste too much time before asking Steve about the article. He greeted my query with a chuckle; I don’t remember his exact reply, but it was something like, “Those silly creationists, thinking punctuated equilibrium supports their views. Of course it does nothing of the sort.”
Evolutionary Theory and the Social Uses of Biology
Authors: Kitcher Philip
Published: November 2023

Stephen Jay Gould was well known to many people for many different reasons: as a prominent paleontologist and evolutionary theorist, as a historian of the earth and life sciences, but perhaps most of all as a brilliant essayist who was able to make all sorts of difficult ideas accessible. From his earliest columns in Natural History, there was a clear desire to inform, to clear up widespread confusions, and to make the sciences he loved come alive for his readers. Steve’s enthusiasms led him to undertake taxing evangelical missions; he was tireless in exposing the fallacies and distortions of “Creation Science,” for example.2 But I want to start with a different set of social concerns, those which stemmed from his deep sympathy with the disadvantaged and his resolute opposition to ventures in biology that were misleadingly portrayed either by scientists or by their public interpreters as buttressing inegalitarian views.
Stephen Jay Gould: Remembering a Geologist
Authors: Schneiderman Jill S
Published: November 2023

I was a teaching assistant (Harvard calls them “teaching fellows”) from 1983 to 1987 in Steve Gould’s renowned introductory course at Harvard, “The History of Earth and Its Life” (see also the chapter in this volume by my sometimes fellow Rob Ross, one of my colleagues in this endeavor). Some of this time coincided with Steve’s difficult first fight with cancer. Despite his illness, Steve never missed a class or his weekly meeting with his teaching fellows—a fact of which he was justly proud.
Bibliography: Stephen Jay Gould
Authors: Allmon Warren D
Published: November 2023

This bibliography includes all of Steve Gould’s publications that are known to me other than abstracts. It is based on the list maintained for more than thirty years by his secretary, Agnes Pilot, with additions and corrections from other sources. It is important to note that most of the essays (especially those that originally appeared in Natural History magazine) that were later included in the eleven compilations published during Gould’s lifetime usually appeared in these volumes revised to greater or lesser degrees and/or including new footnotes or postscripts, and thus often were effectively new publications; titles of many of the essays were also changed in the compilations. I have noted title changes and the volume in which essays were reprinted, but have not otherwise indicated editorial alterations. Also not included are most of the many other reprints or republications of Gould’s articles in volumes written or edited by others, nor the many foreign printings and editions of his books. The resulting list includes 814 titles, of which at least 154 (19 percent) were peer-reviewed. I am grateful to Emily Butler, Fred Collier, Kelly Cronin, Jessica Cundiff, Andrea Kreuzer, and Rosamond Purcell for valuable assistance in assembling this bibliography.
The Patient’s Chief Concern and Present Illness
Authors: DeMyer William E
Published: November 2023

Most physicians meet the patient after a receptionist has recorded personal and financial data on a “face sheet” (Table 6–1). Perceptive analysis of face sheets raises many questions (Bluestone, 1996). The first contact with the physician’s office should start the therapeutic process by making the patient feel welcome. Instead, the patient gets grilled by a disinterested receptionist who focuses on a computer screen, a process which annoys anyone, thus souring the very start of the visit. How much personal information should the patient have to disclose to a receptionist in a more or less public setting? To demand that sick persons fill out a form when they feel ill, may fear for their very life, and need to think about what they want to tell the physician seems thoughtless at best, if not heartless. Even if feeling well, many people resent disclosing personal information about their age, race, religion, employment, and marital status, particularly with other patients crowding the waiting room, eavesdropping.
The Family History
Authors: DeMyer William E
Published: November 2023

Perspectives on the family history. The family history discloses specific risks for many patients, such as for breast cancer and diabetes. The technological advances of genomic medicine, in fact, make the time-honored family history more important and indispensable than ever because it provides the basis for genetic testing, genetic counseling (Harper, 2004), and preventive medicine (Guttmacher et al., 2004; King et al., 2002; Rimoin et al., 2001; Yoon et al., 2003). Although not a routine part of the family history, an ecomap (relationships between the family, stressors, and environment) and genogram may be added to the standard pedigree described here (McGuinness et al., 2005; also access online Wikipedia/genogram or ecomap).
Introduction
Authors: Davis Dena S
Published: November 2023

This Book Is About Parents And Children: children born, not yet born, and not yet even conceived. It is also a book about professionals who get involved in the lives of parents and children, specifically about geneticists, genetic counselors, pediatricians, and other health care professionals who often stand at the intersection between parents, children, and the choices parents face because of the new technologies available to them through genetics and new reproductive technologies. The concept of choice is at the heart of this book in two ways. First, my thinking on this topic is occasioned by the dramatic array of new choices that has opened up to parents and prospective parents through advances in reproductive technology and in genetics. Let me give just one example. In Chapter 3, I talk of Celia, a woman who is an achondroplasic dwarf. When Celia and her husband (also achondroplasic) married and began their family twenty-Nve years ago, they had really only one reproductive choice: whether or not.
Picturesque Signs, Picturing Science
Authors: Teukolsky Rachel
Published: November 2023

John Ruskin’s extreme personal qualities have made him an archetype of the Victorian man of letters. His high seriousness, religious conviction, extravagant prose style, and strong moral assertions are all canonized in a daunting collected works of thirty-nine volumes. Ruskin’s reputation stands in particular on his writings promoting Gothic architecture, as encapsulated by his iconic chapter “The Nature of Gothic,” appearing in the middle volume of The Stones of Venice (1853). Here he argues that the irregular shapes of Gothic cathedrals reflect the political freedom allowed to the medieval artisan, as opposed to the symmetrical shapes produced in Victorian workshops, where the workman is entirely “a slave.”
Socialist Design at the Fin de Siècle
Authors: Teukolsky Rachel
Published: November 2023

The luxurious world of British aesthetes has often seemed a distant one to the fiery socialist art communities of the 1880s and 1890s. Aestheticism’s orientation around passive consumption would seem to offer a sharp contrast to the active productions of radical crafts-makers, who saw the decorative arts as political symbols of a more egalitarian society. The Arts and Crafts movement has traditionally been seen as a legacy of Ruskin’s social conscience, producing art objects in the name of progress for working people. Yet, as we have just seen, aestheticism’s political subtexts and public presence gave it a more active role than might be visible to our contemporary eyes. And in this chapter, I explore how certain late-Victorian writers espoused anti-realist visual styles in the name of progressive social change.
The Prokaryote and the Eukaryote
Authors: Sapp Jan
Published: November 2023

The decades following the Second World War were heady times for microbiology. Microbes surfaced at the center of biology, as a new generation of scientists converged on Escherichia coli and a few other select microorganisms to investigate the chemical basis of the gene and how it functions in the cell.1 Methodological debates about bacterial classification continued, and so too did the issue of how bacteria could be distinguished from other microbes.
The Morning of Molecular Phylogenetics
Authors: Sapp Jan
Published: November 2023

That molecules would be indicators of evolutionary history was an old idea. In 1892 Ernst Haeckel supposed that phylogenetic lineages among mineral could be known only by the study of the atomic composition of their albumen (protein). In 1927, Francis Bather wrote of the gene as “the ultimate element of classification’ (chapter 5). In 1948, Ernst Pringsheim suggested that “specfic proteins and other compounds of high molecular weight’ might eventually afford the clue to bacterial phylogeny.1 At that time it was widely believed that the gene acts through protein enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions in the cell.
Roots in the Genetic Code
Authors: Sapp Jan
Published: November 2023

A new approach to microbial classification emerged in the 1970s, far removed from the many-characters method of numerical taxonomy and from the molecular methods of the 1960s based on amino acid sequence, GC values, and nucleic acid hybridization. The research program was based on comparing short sequences within one molecule of ribosomal RNA. It was led by Carl Woes (b. 1928) and collaborators at the University of Illinois, whose methods and concepts revitalized microbial phylogenetic and challenged fundamental assumptions about the primary course of evolution. The methods and concepts they developed revitalized microbial evolutionary biology and microbial taxonomy; they also challenged core assumptions about the course of evolution. Within the theoretical framework Wise’s group constructed, prokaryotes were not a genealogically coherent group that gave rise to eukaryotes. Instead, there were three fundamental forms of life, each representing a distinct primeval lineage and possessing a unique cellular organization.
A Kingdom on a Molecule
Authors: Sapp Jan
Published: November 2023

In the fall of 1977, Carl Woese took the archaebacteria to the world outside of science. Publicity for the new form of life began when the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) released a joint public statement on November 3, 1977, a few days before the papers in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) appeared. Wise’s research had been funded by both. He had met Richard Young, “a very enlightened administrator’ from NASA, four years earlier at a roundtable conference on the “Origin of Life’ held in Paris.1 After hearing Wise’s presentation, Young encouraged him to apply to NASA’s exobiology program. Founded in 1958, a year after the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, NASA broadened its mission to search for extraterrestrial life, developing a new branch in “exobiology,’ the term Lederberg had coined in 1961.2 To search for life elsewhere, one needed to know what kinds of things to search for.
Concluding Remarks
Authors: Sapp Jan
Published: November 2023

molecular phylogenetic has brought about a profound revolution in biology—in making taxonomy an experimental, quantitative, evolutionary science; in distinguishing the primary lineages of life; and in bringing microbes to the fore. Concepts of domains and microbial kingdoms are now at biology’s center. And investigations of microbial diversity and relationships have led to a fundamentally new understanding of the evolutionary process.
Justice And Health care
Authors: Buchanan Allen
Published: November 2023

In this volume Allen Buchanan collects ten of his most influential essays on justice and healthcare and connects the concerns of bioethicists with those of political philosophers, focusing not just on the question of which principles of justice in healthcare ought to be implemented, but also on the question of the legitimacy of institutions through which they are implemented. With an emphasis on the institutional implementation of justice in healthcare, Buchanan pays special attention to the relationship between moral commitments and incentives. The volume begins with an exploration of the difficulties of specifying the content of the right to healthcare and of identifying those agents and institutions that are obligated to help ensure that the right thus specified is realized, and then progresses to an examination of the problems that arise in attempts to implement the right through appropriate institutions. In the last two essays Buchanan pursues the central issues of justice in healthcare at the global level, exploring the idea of healthcare as a human right and the problem of assigning responsibilities for ameliorating global health disparities. Taken together, the essays provide a unique and consistent position on a wide range of issues, including conflicts of interest in clinical practice and the claims of medical professionalism, the nature and justification for the right to health care, the relationship between responsibility for healthcare and the nature of the healthcare system, and the problem of global health disparities. The result is an approach to justice in healthcare that will facilitate more productive interaction between the normative analysis of philosophers and the policy work of economists, lawyers, and political scientists.
Health-Care Delivery And Resource Allocation
Authors: Buchanan Allen
Published: November 2023

Increasingly, medical ethics involves decisions concerning the allocation of healthcare resources and the institutional arrangements for making those decisions. The key concepts of health-care resource allocation and cost need to be defined because they shape the moral and policy discussion. This chapter considers different criteria for evaluating allocation of health-care resources. Two types of models of allocation are examined: efficiency models and ethical models.
Why Is There Anything?
Authors: Nagel Thomas
Published: November 2023

The question “Why is there something rather than nothing?” provoked one of Sidney Morgenbesser’s memorable comebacks: “If there was nothing, you’d still be complaining!” Bede Rundle’s response in Why There Is Something Rather Than Nothing is somewhat longer but just as uncompromising. He argues that the question is ill-formed because there could not have been nothing. He offers general reflections on causality, eternity, God, mind, matter, and agency in order to evaluate the idea that the existence of anything at all, while it cannot be explained by science, might be explained by theology. His strategy is to argue in detail that the question, and the attempts to answer it, consistently take language beyond the bounds of meaningfulness, detaching familiar words from their usual conditions of application so that they no longer express intelligible possibilities. He is following the method of Wittgenstein, as he conceives it, though with results more destructive to religious language than Wittgenstein’s own view.
The Limits of International Law
Authors: Nagel Thomas
Published: November 2023

Jeremy Rabkin’s book, Law without Nations? is a forceful defense of the virtues of national sovereignty and of the claim that American constitutional government places strict limits on the reach and authority of international law. In part, Rabkin is responding to critics of the unilateralism of the Bush administration—its rejection of the Kyoto Treaty, its refusal to join the International Criminal Court, its invasion of Iraq without explicit Security Council authorization—but the interest of the book is much broader than that. It takes up one of the most important questions we face about the direction of the world, and it compares the merits of the internationalist answer to that question embodied in the ideals of the European Union, and the more nationalist answer represented by the conduct of the United States and (according to Rabkin) by its entire historical and constitutional tradition.
Framing Terri Schiavo: Gender, Disability, and Fetal Protection
Authors: Fiore Robin N
Published: November 2023

For more than a decade, Theresa Marie Schiavo’s family members fought to control her care, involving not only state and federal courts, but also Florida’s Legislature and chief executive, and, ultimately, the Congress and the President of United States. While the blogosphere hyperventilated, ethicists, health care providers, and legal professionals issued calls for universal advance care planning. Meanwhile, the Roman Catholic Church and legislators in a number of states sought to limit the kinds of medical interventions to which such advance directives could apply.
Dryden’s Prize-Song
Authors: Hill Geoffrey
Published: November 2023

Dryden’s lofty contempt for ‘common Libellers’ (605), his depiction of the ‘just’ satirist as one ‘arm’d with the power of Verse, to Punish and make Examples of the bad’ (606), might fairly attract the epithet ‘magisterial’, compounding as it does the idea of authority and mastery, if it were not for the fact that the poet in his own use of the word hedged it about with various caveats. The ‘sublime and daring Genius’ of Lucretius, which he likened to that of Hobbes, seemed to him ‘Magisterial’ in its ‘positive assertion’ of ‘Opinions’, its ‘disdain’ for ‘all manner of Replies’ (395). He protested that Sir Robert Howard, in his hasty retort upon the essay Of Dramatick Poesie, had overlooked the fact that the piece was ‘a Dialogue sustain’d by Persons of several Opinions’ and had been ‘pleased to charge me with being Magisterial’ (9: 15). Dryden was concerned that the judicious author, for all his care to establish right meanings, is fated to be misconstrued. ‘Many men’, he wrote, ‘are shock’d at the name of Rules, as if they were a kinde of Magisterial prescription upon Poets’ (13: 248). That sentence itself is a confrontation between the hasty ‘prejudicate Opinions’ (658) of ‘many men’, those whose ‘.judgment is a meer Lottery’ (IT 73), and his own resolute opinion. Our obligation as informed readers is to take into account both the special pleading and the circumstantial facts, a task made all the more necessary and difficult since Dryden himself draws circumstance (‘many men’) not only into his critical strategy but also into the timbre of his writing. ‘I will first see how this will relish with the Age’ (13: 247): he marks down in a word the fickleness of public taste and adds a relish to his own controversial style.
Introduction
Authors: Raitt Suzanne
Published: November 2023

Her hesitancy apparently yielded to the incandescent delight of the first quotation. In the image of Sackville-West ‘stalking’ above her, legs like trees, Woolf recalls the unexpected angles from which the body of a lover is viewed. Her final phrases seem a kind of sexual tongue-twisting, rolling the words in the mouth: ‘pink glowing, grape clustered, pearl hung’. Woolf’s letters were sometimes even more explicit: you only be a care ful dolphin in your gambolling, or you’ll find Virginia’s soft crevices lined with hooks!’ (Woolf to Sackville-West, L, iii. 395, 4 July 1927). Sexual and linguistic play were intertwined.
Flappers and Flaming Youth
Authors: Ostler Rosemarie
Published: November 2023

The Jazz Age belonged to the flapper, a smoking, drinking, kneecappowdering, red-hot mama who caused preachers to predict the collapse of American civilization and her parents to throw up their hands in despair. She flung away her corset and rolled her stockings below the knee. She dolled up with plenty of makeup and short skirts that showed off her gams. She ran around with men and smoked ciggies in public. And she could look forward to voting when she reached the age of 21. The quintessential flapper was actress Clara Bow, the It Girl.
The Varieties of Serious Drama
Authors: Hume Robert D
Published: November 2023

The serious plays suffer less than do the comedies from a bewildering welter of violent critical disagreements. In attempting to convey the nature of the plays, and in particular to insist upon the considerable spread of possibilities in form and effect open to the playwright, I should perhaps beg indulgence for again thumping the tub of diversity. To a distressing number of specialists, however, as to most of those less informed, late seventeenth-century drama has seemed ‘positively schizophrenic’, hopelessly split between two ‘implacably opposed forms, Restoration comedy and tragedy’. But just as The Way of the World is no essence for all comedy, The Conquest of Granada is no essence for all heroic drama, and certainly not for the majority of serious plays. Some illustration of the most common types is then in order: they range from the straight heroic and villain tragedy, to high tragedy, the pathetic, the various sorts of ‘tragicomedy’, the operatic spectacular, and the plays which turn on history and politics. Fairly short accounts of single plays should suffice. Interpretative disagreements here are straightforward; some, however, are basic and unresolved—largely those concerning the heroic plays. Are the best of these works frivolous and empty, or are they profound intellectual disquisitions? Are they escapist fantasy or important social and political commentary? Are they self-satiric by design, or serious assertions of what they avowedly preach?
The Legacy of the Church Fathers
Authors: Blamires Alcuin , Pratt Karen , Marx C W
Published: November 2023

Although they were succeeded by many notable theologians, the Church Fathers remained monumentally important, and of course their ‘legacy’ is ubiquitous among medieval authors, including many who are assigned to later chapters in this volume. The rationale of the present chapter is to review a diversity of essentially non-satirical contexts, within which there reappeared emphases from the Fathers which were hostile to women.
Reynolds and ‘The Genius of Life’
Authors: Wendorf Richard
Published: November 2023

Boswell’s response to the Life of Savage was highly ambivalent, as we have seen. He had difficulties, on the one hand, understanding how such a consummate biographer could be taken in by such a roguish subject; on the other hand, he dutifully laboured to extract the ‘useful lesson’ to be learned from Johnson’s text, which was that the book would ‘guard men of warm passions from a too free indulgence of them’ (a dictum Boswell had often applied to himself in his journals). But beyond this rather dry, didactic response, Boswell was also able to sense the fascinating hold the text had on its readers: ‘the various incidents are related in so clear and animated a manner, and illuminated throughout with so much philosophy, that it is one of the most interesting narratives in the English language.’ To support this claim, Boswell inserted an anecdote that has long been cherished as one of the most vivid examples of a contemporary reader’s response to an eighteenth-century text.
Antony and Cleopatra
Authors: Gooch Bryan N S , Thatcher David
Published: November 2023

106 Algero, Augusto in collaboration with John Scott. See 227. 107 Amram, David. [—]. MS [ 19=;8 (composer)]. Incidental music for dramatic reading: bsn, tpt, perc, via. First performed New York Shakespeare Festival, Heckscher Theatre, 13 January 1959 (George C. Scott, Antony; Colleen Dewhurst, Cleopatra; John McLiam, Enobarbus; Joseph Papp, director). [Musically unrelated to the following work.]
As You Like It
Authors: Gooch Bryan N S , Thatcher David
Published: November 2023

386 Alifantis, Nicu. [Cum vă place = As You Like It]. MS [circa 1979). Incidental music. First performed Teatrul ‘George Bacovia’, Bacŭu, Romania, 1 February 1979 (Livius Rus, Orlando; Anca Alecsandra, Rosalind; Romeo Mus eteanu, Amiens; Mircea Cretu, Jaques; Cristian Pepino, director), in Virgil Teodorescu’s translation. 387 Allan, Cameron. —. MS [circa 1975). Incidental music: [t solo); instr ensemble (cornetti, perc [including 3 glass gongs, music box interiors, river stones, mortar and pestle, silver champagne goblets, bamboo chimes, aluminium chimes, Chinese cym, crotales, small bells, kalimba), clavichord, t viol, lute; 4-track elec tape. First performed Playhouse Festival Centre, Adelaide, 3 April 1975 (South Australian Theatre Company: John Walton, Orlando; Julie Hamilton, Rosalind; John McKenzie, Amiens; Shaun Gurton, Jaques; George Ogilvie, director).
Cymbeline
Authors: Gooch Bryan N S , Thatcher David
Published: November 2023

2432 Alpaerts, Flor. — MS 1938 (CeBeDeM [B 173/16u]). Incidental music: bar solo, fl, ob, cl, bsn, 2 hn, 2 tpt, perc (I player for dr, cym, trg), stgs. The MS also contains a pf reduction. 2433 Applebaum, Louis. —. MS [1986). Incidental music. First performed Stratford Shakespearean Festival, Festival Theatre, Stratford, ON, r August 1986 (Eric Donkin, Cymbeline; Martha Burns, Imogen; Benedict Campbell, Cloten; Keith Thomas, Guiderius; Brent Stait, Arviragus; Robin Phillips, director).
I Henry VI
Authors: Gooch Bryan N S , Thatcher David
Published: November 2023

4845 Carpi, Fiorenzo. II gioco dei potenti. MS 196 5 (Piccolo Teatro di Milano). Incidental music: male solo voice, [accompanied by keyboard]; pie, 2 hn, 3 tpt, trbn, b tuba, timp, perc. First performed Teatro Lirico, Milan, 18 and 19 January 1965 (Piccolo Teatro di Milano: Renato De Carmine, Henry VI; Valentina Cortese, Margaret; Giorgio Strehler, director), in Strehler’s adaptation of Cesare Vico Lodovici’s translation. Combines all three parts of Henry VI. Musically unrelated to the following work. See also 2 Henry VI 4887, 3 Henry VI 4930.
Phoenicia Britannica
Authors: Parry Graham
Published: November 2023

While the Royal Society was begjnning to encourage a critical, comparative approach to antiquities, and Aubrey was drawing, measuring, and speculating about remains in the field, the old stories of exotic origins for the British still found their adherents. The most remarkable of these recidivists was Aylett Sammes (1636?-79?), an Essex gentleman who had attended Christ ‘s College, Cambridge, between 1655 and 1657, and then moved to study law at the Inner Temple. His life remains undocumented and obscure, but we know that he spent several years ‘wholly employed ‘ in reading the works of ancient history that contributed to form his highly opinionated volume Britannia Antiqua Illustrata. This handsome folio was printed for the author in 1676 (a fact which suggests a reluctance on the part of the booksellers to underwrite it) and dedicated to the Lord Chancellor, Heneage Finch, whose family had connections with Christ ‘s, and whom Sammes may have come to know as a young lawyer.
Textual Notes on Sophocles‘ Philoctetes
Authors: Stokes Michael
Published: November 2023

Offering these notes gratefully but nervously to Kenneth Dover, I begin with 104 and 112. Each line has a postponed τl /τi: Neoptolemus asks each of these structurally similar questions. Editors print the first τi (104) as indefinite, the second (112) as interrogative. I have found none to question or argue for this distribution of accents; Jebb said simply ‘in 104 we cannot well change n to τi’. Here is a case for assimilation by printing τi (interrogative) in both lines: 1.Accentuation is a matter for editorial decision since the Byzantine practice reflected in the paradosis has no authority in the case of individual words. It is the system which derives from Alexandrian scholarship.
An Unpublished Papyrus of Aristophanes from Oxyrhynchus
Authors: Cockle Walter
Published: November 2023

Three fragments survive of this roll, written in a Biblical Uncial. The late Sir Eric Turner dated it to around AD 200, and noted that it was in the same hand as P. Mich. inv. 6035 (Ar. Eq. 1127-41), published by A. Henrichs in ZPE 4 (1969), 216-18 + plate. The script is akin to that of P. Oxy. iv. 661 (Call. Iambus 7) and of P. Ryl. i. 16 (comedy). The papyrus was excavated in February-March 1902. There are twenty-five lines to the column. The top margin of fr. 1 is 5.7 cm high, the bottom margin is 6.o cm high. The letters are 3 mm in height. The surface is very rubbed, particularly on fr. 2.
Homericϕ iλoc Love of Life and Limbs, and Friendship with One‘s θuμóc
Authors: Robinson David
Published: November 2023

I Shall first argue that Homeric ϕiλoc is never possessive; second, that ϕiλov η τoρ, κ η ρ, and ϕiλoc θ υ μ óc, and ϕiλ α γ υiα, κ τ λ., are ‘beloved‘ life and limbs precisely when they are threatened; thirdly that ϕiλo ν η τ oρ , κ η ρ and ϕiλoc θ υ μ óc are on other occasions one‘s sympathetic ‘friends‘, one‘s heart and mind.
Pausanias
Authors: Swain Simon
Published: November 2023

The next major figure to be studied is the periegete or ‘guide’, Pausanias, the author of the Periegesis Hellados or Guide to Greece The work is famous in modern times, but it is not known whether it was much read by contemporaries. Certainly, it is not mentioned by surviving ancient authors until the sixth century, when it was used by the Byzantine geographer Stephanus, who found it a serviceable source for his own Ethnica. Stephanus gives us both the title of the work and the name of its writer. The Guide to Greece thus shows familiar symptoms of the death of the author. The work, in ten books, was written over a long time. It was certainly commenced before 160 (or shortly after) and seems to have been published not much earlier than 180.2 Extensive cross-referencing between books guarantees that it was planned and written as a whole.
Canons and Papyri
Authors: Elm Susanna
Published: November 2023

One day in the year 270 a young Egyptian, then ‘eighteen or even twenty years old’, ‘considered, while he walked home, how the apostles, forsaking everything, followed the Saviour’. This day not only changed the young man’s life, but it made him, through the work of Athanasius, into the pater eremitorum, the archetypal Desert Father, whose sufferings and labours kindled the imagination for generations to comc. However, at this fateful moment Antony was not yet the solitary hermit. Though recently orphaned, he had ‘one quite young sister’. Faced with the dilemma of having to abandon either his sister or his desire to ‘forsake everything’, Antony found an interesting solution.
‘Reading’ Greek Death
Authors: Sourvinou-Inwood Christiane
Published: November 2023

This book offers a series of in-depth studies of some aspects of the beliefs, attitudes, and rituals surrounding death in ancient Greece from the Minoan and Mycenean period to the end of the classical age. Drawing on every kind of available evidence—from literary texts to burial customs, inscriptions, and images in art-the author sheds new light on many key, still essentially problematic, aspects of Greek life, myth, and literature, including the world of the dead in Homer; the perceptions associated with grave monuments and articulated in their images and epigrams; the myths of Charon, Hermes, and the journey of death; and the shifting attitudes towards death in a changing society. The book is also a sophisticated critique of the methodologies appropriate for interpreting the various kinds of evidence for ancient beliefs, and there is discussion of these in the light of insights from antropology and other disciplines that can help us recontruct the ancient Greek discourse of death, while minimizing the intrusion of our own culturally determined assumptions which reflect modern thinking rather that ancient realities.
Reading the Greek Discourse of Death. Reading Ancient Texts
Authors: Sourvinou-Inwood Christiane
Published: November 2023

This book consists of a series of investigations into Greek collective attitudes and behaviour towards, and beliefs about, death and the dead, and also into images and texts pertaining to death. The investigations are independent of each other but also comp lementary; they contribute to the exploration of some important facets of the Greek death discourse. They are placed in a historical perspective and the question of change in the different facets of the death discourse in the course of time is neither a priori assumed nor rejected, it is investigated through as neutral a methodology as possible. Each investigation examines in depth the different types of data that can be brought to bear on each question in their own right (not one set as an appendix to the other), and according to the methodologies that are appropriate in each case. Indeed the methodologies for reading the Greek discourse of death, which involves the reading of texts, images, and archaeological evidence and also the interrelation of these readings, is another major focus of the book, as part of the wider Problematik pertaining to the reconstruction of a culture and its mentalities. I have discussed elsewhere’ the Problematik of the ‘reading’ of Greek culture and its various cultural artefacts, and the methodologies capable of allowing us-in so far as this is possible--to read ancient texts through the eyes of their contemporary readers. Here I will elaborate a little on the reading of texts in order to provide the theoretical framework for the readings of the Homeric epics and of the epitaphs set out in Chapters II and III.
‘Ordering the House’: On the Domestication of Jewish Bodies
Authors: Baker Cynthia M
Published: November 2023

‘The geography closest in’ is one of many expressions used by poet Adrienne Rich in speaking of the body. She distinguishes this most intimate geography from that of ‘a continent or a country or a house’, in a phrase that implies both a closeness to, and a distance from, these other, larger geographies.‘The geography closest in’ tells us, as Rich’s words often do, that bodies not only move through, inhabit, exceed, imagine, and otherwise take up space, but that they are themselves space-and place-overlapping and intertwining with countless others. But ‘geography’ is also a discipline, a practice of describing and inscribing difference; it is about creating order, and borders, and separations between one place and another, one body and another. It is in all these senses, then, that this phrase serves as an appropriate starting-point for an exploration of ancient Jewish bodies, or rather, one Jewish body in particular: that of the ‘wife’ as constituted in rabbinic Jewish texts from the third century CE. In their earliest collections of stories and rulings, the rabbis, an emerging class of Jewish authors/authorities in Roman Pales tine, imagine the wifely body as precisely ‘the geography closest in’, as a body that is at once both place and practice, that is at once both ‘woman’ and ‘house’. In this chapter, I shall explore several aspects of this rabbinic construct, not only through examinations of texts in which it is found, but also through consideration of ancient Palestinian domestic architecture and its potential for elucidating the discursive spaces which the wifely body comes to occupy.
Lyudmila Petrushevskaya(b. 1938)
Authors: Laird Sally
Published: November 2023

Lyudmila Petrushevskaya was born in Moscow shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War, and, like all her generation, was marked for life by the events of her childhood: war, evacuation, the post-war hunger and deprivation, as well as the intangible, universal fear generated by Stalin ‘s Terror.
Introduction
Authors: Evans Peter William
Published: November 2023

Recent writing on film, especially on the Hollywood cinema and on issues related to authorship, has begun to recover some of the ground lost in the explosion of structuralist and post-structuralist approaches to cultural theory. In discussions of literature the notion of the deconstruction of the author has its origins above all in Nietzsche, Freud, Marx, and their influence over a whole generation of cultural theorists, including, most prominently, Lacan, Althusser, Derrida, Barthes, and Foucault, whose radically new perspectives led to a more rigorous contextualization of cultural production and an inevitable erosion of the previously largely undisputed notion of exclusive authorial hegemony. These trends were very quickly assimilated by film theory and criticism, and death-of-the-author approaches—given their most extreme promotion in Seventies’ issues of Screen—resulted in writing on film often giving the impression that, since they would inevitably be compromised by bourgeois notions of subjectivity, discussions of authorship had no real place in serious analysis. More recently, though, the author has made something of a comeback.
The Real Mann? Standing and Understanding
Authors: Reed T J
Published: November 2023

‘The monument sways and crumbles’, wrote a prominent literary journalist in 1977, reviewing Thomas Mann’s Tagebücher 1933--34.2 The diaries have certainly done much to change Mann’s image. But the process began much earlier, d it is ultimately positive. To be a monument was a mixed blessing in his lifetime, bringing him the often envious hostility of major contemporaries: Brecht, Musil, Doblin, Broch. In the even less manageable realm of posthumous reputation, it is a liability. So if the change has been sobering, if illusions have been undone and status-of a kind-has been lost, in return the man and his work can now be seen in their full and real humanity. A classic of which that cannot be said, whose standing is bought at the expense of understanding, is precarious.
What Was Postmodernism?
Authors: Frow John
Published: November 2023

The edges of the earth trembled in a darkish haze. Upon it lay the sun, going down like a ship in a burning sea. Another postmodern sunset, rich in romantic imagery. Why try to describe it? It’s enough to say that everything in our field of vision seemed to exist in order to gather the light of this event.
Mapping the Indigenous ‘Mediasphere’
Authors: Hartley John , McKee Alan
Published: November 2023

Founded with modernity, news is a modernizing, modernist discourse, dedicated to progress, reason, truth and the commanding power of empirical, preferably quantitative evidence. News is not at its best, therefore, in dealing with what has been ‘negativized’ as modernity’s ‘other’. It has inherited from the militant eyewitness explorers of the nineteenth century the will to oppose the industriousness and democracy of the north to something understood as a natural, pre-modern state from which modernity has been emancipated (see MiJler, 1995).
Modern Times: Francisco Umbral's Chronicle of Distinction
Authors: Smith Paul Julian
Published: November 2023

If, in Vattimo’s apparent tautology, ‘modernity’ is that time in which ‘the modern’ is the highest or only value, then the Spain of the 1980s is surely the most modern of societies. And the journalist and novelist Francisco Umbral is its arbiter of elegance: both a commentator on and a contributor to social and aesthetic manners.
The Consequences of Symbolism: Hesitations, Problems and a Solution
Authors: Vilain Robert
Published: November 2023

Certain features of a poet’s work—images, preferred settings, character types, attitudes—recur frequently enough to be called characteristic. Before embarking on detailed analysis of selected poems from the early r8gos, it may be useful to identify, even somewhat schematically, some of these features in Hofmannsthal’s verse.
Conclusion
Authors: Edwards Rachel , Reader Keith
Published: November 2023

The number, complexity, and variety of the texts with which we have been dealing here—from contemporary daily journalism to psychoanalytic theory, from classics of the French theatre and cinema to popular novelistic recreations—not only makes this an ideal case for looking at in a cultural studies perspective but of itself suggests the ultimate futility of seeking anything so reductive as an ‘explanation’ of the Papin sisters’ crime.
‘Waiters upon the Violin’ The Twenty-four Violins at Court
Authors: Holman Peter
Published: November 2023

The traditional round of daily attendance or ‘waiting’ at Court ren,aif1ed the prime duty of royal musicians during the Restoration period. The chroniclers of court life took the presence of music so much for granted that they rarely bothered to mention it, but it is clear that the violinists, at least, were still required to attend Whitehall daily while the court was there. On 7 November 1666 twelve of them petitioned the king for arrears of wages, pointing out that they had ‘been com(m)anded to attend yo(u)r Ma(jes)tie and yo(u)r Royall Consort the Queene in all progresses, besides their dayly attendance heere’. A couple of years later, when wages were between six and seven years in arrears, the musicians complained as a body that they had ‘all this winter given their constant attendance morning and evening on this present mask’. We saw in Chapter 12 that John Banister’s Select Band had to be on hand ‘whensoever there shall be occasion for Musick’, and that Banister was required to attend the king ‘constantly to receive our Comands’.
‘lngenium’and‘Witz’’
Authors: Whittall Mary
Published: November 2023

The word ‘ Witz’ meant approximately the same thing as ‘esprit’ in the eighteenth century, and the concept was one of the fundamental categories of Enlightenment poetics, applicable to both literature and music; although the meaning changed, its importance carried over into the early Romantic era. Sturm und Drang, in very broad terms, contrasted the combinatory facility of ‘Witz’ with the intuition of genius, and the aesthetics of the Classical era, too, assigned ‘Witz’ only a peripheral role. And yet, not only in the case of Haydn, where the facts are unmistakable, but also with Beethoven, it is plainly one of those fundamental aesthetic principles that can be established analytically beyond a shred of doubt.
The ‘New Path’
Authors: Whittall Mary
Published: November 2023

There are few aesthetic commonplaces that nobody will dispute, but they must surely include the maxim that musical form is not so much architectural as linear. The statement needs qualification, however, if it is to serve the purposes of analysis or historical commentary. This chapter will investigate the proposition that, in works written in and after 1802, Beethoven expressed the processual character of form in a way that justified his speaking of a ‘new path’ or a ‘wholly new style’; but the thesis remains vague and impalpable for as long as the ideas that commingle in the concept of ‘musical process’ are not examined.
Fidelio
Authors: Whittall Mary
Published: November 2023

According to classical and romantic aesthetic theory, an essential qualification of those works that belong to the ‘imaginary museum’ of the great art that transcends history is that they should be unrepeatably individual. Hence, if the tradition of its genre is so deeply ingrained in a work that the work can be explained in terms of that tradition, then it is commonly regarded-at least in recent musical history-as a sign of inferior rank.
Introduction: Sketches and Drefts
Authors: Zychowicz James L
Published: November 2023

Gustar Mahler’s Fourth Symphony (1899–1900) is one of the composer’s most accessible compositions, and while it is difficult to find a single work that unequivocally embodies his style, this Symphony contains elements that may be seen to emerge throughout his oeuvre. For some the Fourth Symphony is Mahler’s response to Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony, while others assign other meanings to it. To probe the Fourth Symphony thoroughly, however, it is important to understand Mahler’s approach to its composition, and this is possible through analysis that includes an exploration of the sketches documenting the process that Mahler used to create it.
Revisions of the Fourth Symphony and the Problem of Editing Mahler’s Music
Authors: Zychowicz James L
Published: November 2023

For Mahler the publication of a symphony rarely concluded his involvement with the work, since he continued to revise published music after he performed it. The same refinement of detail that he took from his earliest sketches to the fair copy continued after publication, as he further clarified his intentions at various times. For some works, like the Fourth Symphony, Mahler revised the score not once but several times after its premiere and first publication, and he left a complex series of alterations that reflect the development of his conception of the work.