bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Potensi Pulau Maratua Sebagai Destinasi Pariwisata Andalan Indonesia Timur
Authors: Setyasih Iya'
Published: April 2021

Maratua Island is a part of the National Tourism Strategic Area (KSPN), namely Derawan-Sangalaki, in Berau Regency. This study aims to analyze the potential that can be developed on Maratua Island as a tourism destination in eastern Indonesia. This research is a quantitative descriptive study. To identify the tourism potential that can be developed on Maratua Island, use a modified guide to the Analysis of the Operational Areas for Natural Tourism Objects and Attractions (ADO-ODTWA). Maratua Island has the potential as a natural tourism destination in the form of flora and fauna, coral reefs, mangrove forests, lakes, and natural panoramas that are worthy of being developed. Based on the analysis of the factors of attractiveness, accessibility, socio-economic conditions, accommodation, sapras, and water availability, the index is 84% or feasible to develop. Maratua Island is in an advantageous condition because it has its own airport and port. For this reason, the Berau Regency Government needs to promote the potential that exists in Maratua Island, a five-year work plan is made for sustainable tourism development, involves the community in tourism management and cooperates with parties so that the development of Maratua Island tourism potential can be better.
Solo Travel and Well-Being Amongst Women: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Hamid Sheeba , Ali Ruksar , Azhar Mohd. , Khan Sujood
Published: April 2021

Solo travel is no longer a niche market. It alone contributes a massive amount of the total travel market and has shown an enormous growth in recent years. But the existing body of literature on solo women travelling and its outcomes is quite negligible. Consequent upon the fact, this study significantly contributes in the increment of existing literature. A conceptual model is proposed based on the secondary data sources and presents a discussion on the impact of solo travel experiences on women’s well-being. For this purpose, a range of research papers, articles, blogs and other relevant social media contents have been reviewed to draw conclusive results for the study. In the findings, self-transformation and positive changes in well-being came out as resultant factors of solo travelling in many cases. Major reasons for solo travelling found during the study were—to overcome stress and depression, to bring positive change in present state of life, escape, happiness, empowerment, self-growth and self-realisation. This paper significantly adds to further researches on women solo travelling trends by providing insights into independent form of travel and draws attention towards its importance for women’s health.
ANALYSIS OF THE ACCOUNTABILITY OF CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES IN THE EIGHT OF THE LUWAK POWDER COFFEE IN PD. SUMBER BUANA ABADI (Study of Decision Number 307 / Pid.B / 2018 / PN.Kla)
Authors: Pratama Ari
Published: April 2021

One form of embezzlement is in the Decision of the Kalianda District Court of South Lampung Number 307 / Pid.B / 2018 / PN.Kla which states that Defendant Selamet Riyadi Bin Tugino has been proven legally and convincingly guilty of committing a criminal offense " The problem in the research is why the perpetrators committed the crime of embezzling civet coffee in PD. Sumber Buana Abadi based on Decision Number 307 / Pid.B / 2018 / PN.Kla and how the responsibility of perpetrators of criminal acts of embezzlement of civet coffee in PD. Sumber Buana Abadi based on Decision Number 307 / Pid.B / 2018 / PN.Kla. The research method uses a normative and empirical juridical approach, where the normative juridical approach is carried out by studying legal norms or rules, legal principles, while the empirical approach is conducted by direct interviews with informants who will relate to research problems, data analysis used is qualitative juridical. The results of the study showed that the causes of the perpetrators committed the crime of embezzling civet coffee in PD. Sumber Buana Abadi, based on Decision Number 307 / Pid.B / 2018 / PN.Kla, is a mentality of workers, a fulfillment of life necessities, an intention and opportunity and a greedy attitude from humans. The most dominant factor is the urgent need for money from the perpetrators. Criminal liability perpetrators of criminal acts of embezzlement of civet coffee in PD. Sumber Buana Abadi based on Decision Number 307 / Pid.B / 2018 / PN.Kla is where the defendant Selamet Riyadi Bin Tugino has been proven legally and convincingly guilty of committing a criminal offense "Also Participating in Crime of Emblem". Sentenced to Defendant because of that with imprisonment for 10 (ten) months. Determine the period of arrest and detention that has been carried out by the Defendant to be deducted entirely from the sentence handed down. Determine the Defendant to remain detained. As well as imposing on the Defendant to pay court fees in the amount of Rp. 2,000 (two thousand rupiah). Saran, it is expected that the Judge in carrying out consideration prioritizes a sense of justice for victims, defendants and the public. It is expected that the Public Prosecutor in applying the criminal or in giving a claim to the defendant must be in accordance with the actions of the defendant because this is the judge's reference in making his decision.
JURIDICIAL REVIEW OF DISASTER RESPONSE DISPUTES IN THE PUBLISHING AGREEMENT FOR COLLEGE OF
Authors: Herlambang Dian
Published: April 2021

Darmajaya Press as one of the publications in Bandar Lampung which is also a part of university publishing. Settlement of copyright disputes is very necessary to know and do to analyze how to resolve copyright disputes both in terms of moral rights and economic rights and also to answer the application of copyright that occurs in the Darmajaya Press publisher. This type of research is normative legal research. This type of research examines the implementation of positive legal provisions, agreements, contracts factually in legal events that occur. This type of research is descriptive in that this study has the aim to explain clearly and in detail in the legal events that occur. The results of the study indicate that the cooperation agreement between CV. Aura Publishing with IIB Darmajaya there has been a clause on the settlement of copyright disputes which is feared that it will arise in the future, namely by implementing a form of dispute resolution, namely alternative dispute resolution and courts; The application of copyright is carried out through the desire of Darmajaya Press to become a member of IKAPI, and in the agreement made there is a clause must reach 10 book publications, so that currently only 7 titles of ISBN books have been reached. Then the writer (lecturer) who published the book had not made a publishing agreement to guarantee copyright both moral rights and economic rights owned by the author.
THE URGENCY OF THE BASIC LEGAL CLARITY OF THE TASK OF ASSISTED INDONESIAN NATIONAL MILITARY AND POLICE IN HANDLING TERRORISM
Authors: Soesanto Abimanyu Iqbal
Published: April 2021

Pemerintah Indonesia telah mengesahkan Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 15 tahun 2003 tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-undang No. 1 Tahun 2002 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Terorisme, Menjadi Undang-Undang. Dalam artian bahwa, terorisme adalah permasalahan yang harus diberantas dengan model penegakan hukum, sehingga POLRI adalah instansi penegak hukum yang memiliki tugas utama dalam menangani aksi teror. Selain itu didalam ketentuan undang-undang terorisme tersebut, terdapat salah satu pasal yang secara tegas melibatkan keterlibatan TNI dalam menangkal, menindak, dan memulihkan segala dampak yang disebabkan oleh aksi teror, disebutkan juga bahwa TNI dalam menangani aksi teror merupakan dalam rangka melaksanakan tugas pokoknya yang dilakukan dengan cara Operasi Militer Selain Perang (OMSP), namun yang jadi permasalahan adalah belum adanya kejelasan dasar hukum tugas perbantuan kedua instansi tersebut sehingga membuat kegambangan satuan bawah dalam melakukan tugas perbantuan, mengingat sepanjang sejarah dari kedua instansi tersebut memiliki konflik yang tak terlupakan. Tulisan ini membahas tentang faktor apa saja yang membuat pentingnya kejelasan dasar hukum tugas perbantuan TNI dan POLRI dalam penanganan terorisme dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana skenario tugas perbantuan diterapkan.
CREDIT SAVING EFFORTS AFFECTED BY CORONA VIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) THROUGH THE CREDIT RESTRUCTURE PROCESS.
Authors: Aprinisa
Published: April 2021

The pandemic over the Corona virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) outbreak is engulfing the world which has left many people dead and all sides of human life affected. Not only is it life-threatening but the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has also had a significant impact on the survival of the world economy and a country in particular. As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, economic growth was hampered, business activities were forced to close so that there were many layoffs everywhere, the investment climate became sluggish, and people’s incomes were reduced even zero, resulting in the inability of people to meet their needs, especially for credit debtor customers. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has caused credit debtor customers to have difficulty carrying out their obligations to pay installments on loans or loans to banking institutions. At the current conditions, the bank in carrying out its operational activities is required to provide relief and policies to credit debtor customers directly affected from the Covid-19 pandemic and one of the efforts that can be made is the implementation of credit Restructure to maintain the health and correctness of the credit provided.
PUBLIC POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN ELECTIONS IN BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Muhammad Tubagus , Okta Restu Viandi
Published: April 2021

One indicator of electoral success is the high level of unapologetic participation of the public. High participation guarantees the legitimacy of government and protection of citizens' suffrage. In the 2019 concurrent elections, the low level of political participation in Bandar Lampung, Lampung Province, was low. Participation is important to be researched considering the success of an election can be seen from the level of community participation. Participation is closely related to legitimacy, the higher the level of voter participation in elections, the more legitimate the government it produces. Government supported by the majority of society naturally will be easier to get support for programs and policies to be implemented. The involvement of the public in the selection of his deputy allows for a process of check and balance between the political officials of the election results and their constituents so that the mandate rope between the two is not immediately severed. One indicator of electoral success then is the high level of public participation in voting. Therefore, this research in terms of political participation is an important aspect in the country involving the public in the implementation and implementation of elections. Because the political participation of the community is an important aspect in the order of the State of democracy.
PENGARUH MODIFIKASI PERMAINAN FUTBAS TERHADAP KETEPATAN PASSING BOLA PADA SISWA EKSTRAKURIKULER FUTSAL SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 4 SURABAYA
Authors: Moh. Karimullah  , Sumardi  , Santika Rentika Hadi
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peningkatan ketepatan passing siswa pada ekstra kurikuler futsal dengan menggunakan metode futbas. Pelatihan ketepatan futsal dengan metode modifikasi ini untuk mempermudah guru ekstra futsal dan sebagai salah satu alternative metode modifikasi yang bisa digunakan oleh pelatih atau guru dalam aktivitas pembelajaran ekstra futsal. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain true experimental. Jadi cirinya ialah adanya kelompok kontrol dan sampel dipilih secara random. Dalam desain ini terdapat dua kelompok yang dipilih secara random, kemudian diberi pretest untuk mengetahui keadaan awal adakah perbedaan antara kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel siswa ekstra kurikuler futsal dengan jumlah 52 siswa yang terbagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu eksperimen dan kontrol dengan masing-masing jumlah 26 siswa dalam satu kelompok dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling. Dari hasil uji normalitas untuk mengetahi pengaruh permainan futbas terhadap ketepatan passing bahwa dari pre-test sebelum ada perlakuan pada hasil normalitas Kolmogorov-Smirnov sebesar 0,167 dan hasil P Value lebih besar dari α = 0,05, maka data terdistribusi normal. Untuk uji homogenitas Ternyata pengujian dengan statistik Based on Mean data pre-test diperoleh signifikansi 0,750 jauh melebihi 0,05. Untuk statistik Based on Mean data hasil post-test diperoleh signifikan 0,709. Dengan demikian data penelitian di atas homogen. Hasil dari penelitian terdahulu dibandingkan dengan ini tentang modifikasi permainan yang ada di sepak futsal yaitu dapat dijelaskan sebagai berikut mengkonsultasikan nilai thitung dan nilai ttabel, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima karena thitung > ttabel atau nilai thitung 10,462> nilai ttabel 1,708 dengan kata lain terdapat pengaruh permainan Futbas terhadap ketepatan passing boladi kelas XII di SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Surabaya data peningkatan hasil penelitian dari keterampilan awal pre-test ketepatan passing bola sampai post-test terdapat peningkatan sebesar 35%.
SURVEI KAPASITAS DAYA TAHAN AEROBIK (VO2 MAX) PADA PEMAIN SEPAKBOLA PERSIK USIA 20 TAHUN
Authors: M. Akbar Husein Allsabah
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat daya tahan VO2max pada pemain Sepakbola Persik Usia 20 Tahun. Dalam penelitian ini pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik penelitian menggunakan survey, sedangkan teknik mengambil datanya menggunakan tes pengukuran. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 25 pemain Sepakbola Persik Usia 20 Tahun dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu sampling jenuh sejumlah 25 pemain. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah menggunakan survey tes dan pengukuran daya tahan aerobik menggunakan beep test. Hasil penelitian hasil tes lari multitahap pada pemain persik usia 20 tahun secara keseluruhan dengan prediksi VO2max dilakukan dari sebanyak 25 pemain yang mendapat kategori sangat baik 7 pemain, kategori baik sebanyak 15 pemain, dan pada kategori sedang sebanyak 3 pemain. Sedangkan nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh adalah 49,67 pada kategori baik. Hasil ini menyimpulkan bahwa 25 pemain persik usia 20 tahun daya tahan (VO2max) pada kategori baik. Hasil Tes ini dapat memberikan pengetahuan bagaimana kondisi kapasitas daya tahan paru-paru atau Vo2max yang dimiliki pemain Persik usia 20 tahun, sehingga para staf pelatih dapat memberikan bentuk latihan yang sesuai kondisi pemain tersebut.
KONDISI FISIK CABANG OLAHRAGA DRUMBAND PUSLATKOT KONI KOTA KEDIRI MENUJU PORPROV 2022
Authors: Reo Prasetiyo Herpandika
Published: April 2021

Drumband merupakan salah satu cabang olahraga permainan yang membutuhkan tingkat daya tahan VO2Max dan kekuatan otot lengan yang cukup baik. Daya tahan VO2Max dan kekuatan otot lengan merupakan indikator kondisi fisik yang cukup berpengaruh terhadap optimalisasi performa drumband. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan teknik tes dan pengukuran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat daya tahan VO2Max dan kekuatan otot lengan pada para atlet drumband PUSLATKOT Kediri. Berdasarkan analisis data hasil penelitiantingkat daya tahan dengan menggunakan instrumen tes MFT (bleep test) diketahui bahwa prosentase terbesar berada dalam kategori sangat kurang dengan persentase 40,9 % sejumlah 9 orang atlet. Sedangkan hasil kekuatan otot lengan dengan instrumen tes push updengan persentase terbesar berada dalam kategori sempurna dengan persentase 100 % (12 atlet putra dan 10 atlet putri). Berdasarkan pembahasan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk mencapai prestasi dalam cabang olahraga drumband, tingkat kondisi fisik daya tahan VO2Max perlu ditingkatkan lagi dan tingkat kekuatan otot lengan sudah masuk dalam kategori sempurna.
TINGKAT VOLUME OKSIGEN MAKSIMAL ATLET CABOR KONSENTRASI UNGGULAN SENAM PUSLATKOT KOTA KEDIRI DALAM MENGHADAPI PEKAN OLAHRAGA PROVINSI 2022
Authors: Puspodari
Published: April 2021

Senam merupakan salah satu cabang olahraga yang melibatkan performa gerakan yang membutuhkan kekuatan, kecepatan, keserasian gerakan fisik yang teratur dan daya tahan. Salah satu usaha untuk mendukung dan meningkatkan performa atlet sebelum bertanding adalah dengan mengadakan evaluasi pada kondisi fisik atlet. Kondisi fisik atlet perlu disiapkan secara matang agar performa atlet dapat ditampilkan secara maksimal. Salah satu kondisi fisik yang diperlukan atlet senam adalah daya tahan aerobik maksimal atau yang sering disebut volume oksigen maksimal (VO₂Max). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan volume oksigen maksimal (VO₂Max) atlet senam PUSLATKOT kota Kediri dalam menghadapi Pekan Olahraga Provinsi tahun 2022. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian non eksperiment. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua atlet senam yang tergabung dalam Pusat Latihan Kota (PUSLATKOT) kota Kediri yang berjumlah 13 atlet. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan Multistage Fitness Test (MFT). Hasil nilai tingkat kemampuan volume oksigen maksimal atlet senam PUSLATKOT kota Kediri sejumlah 2 atlet dengan prosentase 15,39% dalam kategori baik, 4 atlet dengan prosentase 30,77% dalam kategori cukup, 7 atlet dengan prosentase 53,84% dalam kategori kurang.
For a Black Lesbian Museology
Authors: Vargas Escobar Geanine
Published: April 2021

In this paper, I introduce part of my academic-activist trajectory from a biomitography (Lorde, 1984) of “escrevivências” (Evaristo, 2007). With that, I present the crossing of my own political practices linked to my research practices as a museum professional and Sociomuseology activist. By establishing an approximation of the New Museology movement, of LGBT Museology, as well as of a museology permeated by the (in) visibility of narratives, memories and cultural heritage claimed by sexually dissident black women, I intend to articulate a territory of epistemic dispute for the nomination of a Black Lesbian Museology.
Palavras-chave: Biomitografia, Escrevivências, Sociomuseologia, Museologia LGBT, Museologia Lésbica Negra.
Keywords: Biomitography, Escrivivências, Sociomuseology, LGBT Museology, Black Lesbian Museology.
Training for gender diversity and visibility actions for the LGBT population in museums in Belo Horizonte
Authors: Braga Jezulino
Published: April 2021

In this text I discuss the visibility actions of LGBT population in Belo Horizonte-MG museums, and I also present the curricular academic activity, with the theme of gender diversity, which is offered in the UFMG museology course. I believe that the museums can contribute to overcoming phobias of sexual condition, identity and gender. In this perspective, what is importante is the museal processes, I mean, the inquiries through of collections, the procedures and also the methodologies based on a problem. I analyze the actions implemented, in order to highlight the experiences of the LGBT population, through the programming of the Museums of Belo Horizonte in the last 10 years. The period coincides with the creation of the museology course at the Federal University of Minas Gerais. I even emphasize the importance of the debate on gender and diversity in the academic activities of this course. As a conclusion of this study, I present the necessity for a greater investment in political and affirmative museology, capable of combating homolesbotransphobia, thus seeking a fair and egalitarian society.

Keywords: Museums; Museology; LGBT; Diversity
Essay on a PositHIVe Museology
Authors: Padilha Alex
Published: April 2021

AIDS marked the 1980s as the greatest epidemic of modern times and through it revealed several points of social, political, religious and even economic tension. Because of its transmissibility through sex and blood, HIV developed its history through moralism and symbolism linked to its transmission routes, which generated the stigma and prejudice found until today when the topic is addressed. In this way, the research seeks to analyze the factors that contributed to the construction of the epidemic's memory, how it influences today the way we face the virus and how museums, memory spaces, can, through their actions, contribute to the deconstruction of stigma and prejudice linked to the disease.

Keywords: HIV/AIDS; LGBT Museology; Sociomuseology
Dampak Cemaran Residu Klorpirifos Terhadap Penurunan Kualitas Lingkungan pada Lahan Pertanian
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto , Nurhidayanti Nisa , Fadillah Pratama Harry
Published: April 2021

Abstrak

Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultural penting yang dikonsumsi oleh penduduk Indonesia. Insektisida golongan organofosfat yang digunakan petani bawang merah mengandung senyawa klorpirifos. Penggunaan pestisida dengan intensitas yang terlalu tinggi dan berkelanjutan menimbulkan berbagai masalah kesehatan dan pencemaran lingkungan, penurunan produktivitas tanah, keracunan pada hewan dan manusia. Penelitian ini menganalisis dampak cemaran residu klorpirifos terhadap penurunan kualitas lingkungan pada lahan pertanian. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Penentuan kadar residu klorpirifos dalam tanah menggunakan gas kromatografi dengan detektor ECD dan uji regresi linear. Kadar residu klorpirifos terbesar pada penggunaan insektisida dengan konsentrasi 1,0% atau 10.000 mg/kg yaitu sebesar 1,83 mg/kg. Hasil pengujian sampel A, B, C, D dan E menunjukkan tingginya kadar residu klorpirifos karena melebihi batas maksimum residu klorpirifos sebesar 2 mg/kg. Dampak cemaran residu klorpirifos dalam tanah dapat menyebabkan perubahan pH, turunnya jumlah organisme dalam tanah serta turunnya kandungan C-organik dan N-total tanah.

Abstract

 Shallots are one of the important horticultural commodities that are consumed by Indonesians. The organophosphate class insecticide used by shallot farmers contains chlorpyrifos compounds. The use of pesticides with too high intensity and sustainable causes various health problems and environmental pollution, decreased soil productivity, is potentially poisoning to animals and humans. The study analysed the impact of chlorpyrifos residue contamination on environmental quality degradation in agricultural land. The sampling method used was purposive sampling.The determination of chlorpyrifos residue in the soil was undertakeun using gas chromatography with an ECD detector and a linear regression test. The highest residual chlorpyrifos concentration was found in the use of insecticides with a concentration of 1.0% or 10,000 mg / kg, which was 1.83 mg / kg. The test results of samples A, B, C, D and E showed high levels of chlorpyrifos residue because they exceeded the maximum residue limit of 2 mg / kg chlorpyrifos. The impact of chlorpyrifos residue contamination in the soil can cause pH changes, a decrease in the number of organisms in the soil and a decrease in the total soil C-organic and N-content.
ASURANSI LINGKUNGAN SEBAGAI SALAH SATU UPAYA PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGGULANGAN PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH KEGIATAN INDUSTRI TEKSTIL
Authors: Yuniar Rahmatiar  , Deny Guntara
Published: April 2021

Perkembangan bidang industri meningkat dengan pesat. Akibat peningkatan industri yang pesat adalah timbulnya pencemaran dan atau perusakan terhadap lingkungan hidup yang akhirnya sangat merugikan bagi lingkungan dan masyarakat. Sejalan dengan itu terpeliharanya pencemaran dan/atau perusakan lingkungan hidup memerlukan biaya atau dana pemulihan yang cukub besar, terkadang pihak pelaku usaha tidak mencadangkannya. Adanya dana tetap atau taktis yang tersedia untuk hal pencemaran dan/aau perusakan lingkungan hidup sangatlah diperlukan. Hal ini untuk mempermudah dalam hal memperbaiki atau memulihkan lingkungan hidup yang tercemar. Mengingat hal tersebut dan risiko dari suatu kegiatan industri maka diperlukan adanya jaminan asuransi. Salah satunya dalam konteks tulisan ini adalah asuransi lingkungan. Asuransi lingkungan sebagai instrument ekonomi akan berfungsi membantu pihak pelaku usaha di dalam mencadangkan dana tetap atau taktis apabila terjadi pencemaran dan/atau perusakan lingkungan hidup. Hal tersebut sejalan dengan Pasal 35 ayat (1) UUPLH yang mengharuskan pihak pelaku usaha bertanggung jawab secara langsung dan seketika atas kegiatan industrinya apabila terjadi pencemaran.

Kata Kunci : Lingkungan, Limbah, Asuransi lingkungan
TIPE FOKALISATOR DALAM NOVEL PUTU WIJAYA:TELEGRAM
Authors: Tenriawali A. Yusdianti , Sumiaty Sumiaty
Published: April 2021

Analysis of the point of view in the intrinsic element of literary works is still dominated by the analysis of first-person, and third-person perspectives. But in the development of narrative text theory analysis, there was a change in the division of viewpoint types. In Bal's narratology theory, the point of view is called focalization, while the viewer in the point of view is called focalization. Therefore, how is the type of focalizer in the novel, specifically in the novel Telegram, became the focus of this research study. The purpose of this study was to identify the type of focalizer used in the novel. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data collection techniques used are reading and note-taking techniques. The data analysis techniques in this study include data identification, data classification, data analysis, and the conclusion of data analysis results. The results showed that the type of focalizer type used was internal focalization. The use of an internal focalization shows that the author of the novel tells the story from a first-person perspective, and the author does not appear in the story. Keywords: focalizer, novel, narratology BalAnalisis sudut pandang dalam unsur intrinsik karya sastra hingga saat ini cenderung masih didominasi oleh analisis sudut pandang orang pertama, dan orang ketiga. Namun dalam perkembangan analisis teori teks naratif, terlihat adanya perubahan pembagian tipe sudut pandang. Dalam teori naratologi Bal, sudut pandang disebut fokalisasi, sedangkan yang melihat dalam sudut pandang disebut fokalisator. Oleh karena itu, bagaimanakah tipe fokalisator dalam novel, khususnya novel Telegram, menjadi rumusan masalah penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi tipe fokalisator yang digunakan dalam novel. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik baca dan teknik catat. Adapun teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini meliputi identifikasi data, klasifikasi data, analisis data, dan penyimpulan hasil analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tipe tipe fokalisator yang digunakan adalah fokalisator internal.  Penggunaan fokalisator internal menunjukkan bahwa pengarang novel tersebut menceritakan cerita dari sudut pandang orang pertama,dan pengarang tidak menampakkan diri dalam cerita.
Grundprobleme der Invaliditätsbemessung in der Invalidenversicherung
Authors: Egli Philipp , Filippo Martina , Gächter Thomas , Meier Michael E.
Published: April 2021

Der faire Zugang zu Invalidenleistungen war in den vergangenen Jahren Gegenstand grösserer Kontroversen. Insbesondere die Thematik der medizinischen Einschränkungen und deren Begutachtung standen im Vordergrund. Die vorliegende Studie richtet den Fokus auf die Invaliditätsbemessung in der Invalidenversicherung, insbesondere auf die allgemeine Methode des Einkommensvergleichs bei unselbstständig erwerbenden Personen. Es zeigt sich, dass der für die Bestimmung des Invaliditätsgrades vergleichsweise herangezogene ausgeglichene Arbeitsmarkt immer mehr in Richtung einer abstrakten Fiktion gerückt wird und sich vom real existierenden Arbeitsmarkt zunehmend entfernt, zumal auch die lohnstatistischen Grundlagen nicht sachgerecht herangezogen werden. Zudem führt die restriktive Handhabung von Korrekturinstrumenten (Einkommensparallelisierung, Tabellenlohnabzüge) zu erheblichen Verzerrungen. Die Studie zeigt die Entwicklungen sowie die Praxis detailliert auf, analysiert Schwachstellen und zeigt Perspektiven für eine künftige, näher an der wirtschaftlichen Realität liegende Bemessung auf.
New editor welcome editorial: Respecting the past while moving forward.
Authors: Nigg Claudio
Published: April 2021

This is to thank the outgoing editorial team and welcome the new editorial team for Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS), the journal of the sport science organizations of Austria (ÖSG) and Switzerland (SGS). CISS focuses on current issues in our multi- and interdisciplinary field reflected its sections: Biology & Medicine; Biomechanics & Informatics; Movement & Exercise Science; Pedagogy & History; Psychology & Philosophy; Public Health; Sociology & Economics; and Technology. We welcome articles that address timely topics, push the envelope, set the stage, and motivate the science in new and innovative topics.
AZOT VƏ BOR-AZOT SAXLAYAN ALKİLFENOLYAT AŞQARLARININ SÜRTKÜ YAĞLARININ XASSƏLƏRİNƏ TƏSİRİ
Authors: Afayət Məmmədova Afayət Məmmədova , Əli Kazımzadə Əli Kazımzadə , Mziya Mirzoyeva, Miri Abbasov, Rufanə Heydərova Mziya Mirzoyeva, Miri Abbasov, Rufanə Heydərova
Published: April 2021

Dialkildihidroksidibenzilaminin dietanolamin, formaldehid və borat turşusu ilə kondensləşməsi məhsulunun kalsium hidroksidlə neytrallaşmasından bor-azot saxlayan çoxfunksiyalı alkilfenolyat aşqarı AKİ-233B modifikasiyası sintez edilmişdir. AKİ-233B aşqarı tərkibində olan bor atomunun təsirini aydınlaşdırmaq üçün dialkildihidroksidibenzilaminin formaldehid və dietanolaminlə kondensləşmə məhsulunun kalsium duzundan ibarət olan AKİ-233 aşqarı da sintez edilmiş və sınaqdan keçirilmişdir. Sintez edilmiş aşqarların quruluşu İQ-spektroskopiya ilə təsdiq edilmişdir. Individual halda aparılmış sınaqların nəticələri göstərdi ki, alınmış AKİ-233B aşqarı sənaye analoqları ilə müqayisədə yüksək səviyyədə korroziya, oksidləşmə, yeyilməyə qarşı davamlıq xassələrinə malikdir. AKİ-233B aşqarının tətbiqi ilə M-8B tipli sürtkü yağı kompozisiyası işlənmişdir ki, bu yağ fiziki-kimyəvi və funksional xassələrinə görə müasir standart norma tələblərinə tam cavab verir. Açar sözlər: azot saxlayan alkilfenol, dietanolamin, borat turşusu, kalsium hidroksid, motor yağı, korroziya, oksidləşmə və yeyilməyə qarşı aşqar
РАДИАЛЬНОЕ ОБЖАТИЕ ПОРИСТЫХ ВТУЛОК ИЗ ЖЕЛЕЗO-СТЕКЛА, УПРОЧНЯЕМЫХ В ЖЕСТКОЙ ОПРАВКЕ
Authors: Тахир Джаббаров Тахир Джаббаров
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the radial reduction of porous bushings made of powder composite material "iron-cast iron-glass", hardened in a rigid mandrel, which is an energetically more favorable process.It was found that during radial compression of porous bushings in a rigid mandrel, the density of the body being compacted is uniformly distributed along the radius. The result obtained in this case can be considered as an initial approximation to the true solution of the problem, which is found by the iteration method.
Keywords: radial, reduction, porous, sleeve, mandrel, density, compaction, uniformly, method, iteration.
Un an en Terre Adélie (5)
Authors: Gourand François
Published: April 2021

Durant cinq numéros de La Météorologie, nous vous proposons un carnet de voyage, une immersion au sein de la base Dumont-d'Urville, située en Terre Adélie. C'est le responsable de la station météorologique, François Gourand, qui nous en propose le récit pendant son séjour de décembre 2019 à novembre 2020. Ce cinquième et dernier article est consacré au vent catabatique.
The Galilean Challenge
Authors: Chomsky Noam
Published: April 2021

Noam Chomsky argues that the internal faculty of language that allows linguistic computation and the language of thought is not dependent on the externalization of language, which is mediated by our sensorimotor systems. Communication is not the ultimate purpose of human language processing.
The Lawless Frontier
Authors: Gelernter Daniel
Published: April 2021

Rethinking Order: After the Laws of Nature, edited by Nancy Cartwright and Keith Ward, is a collection of recent essays about the philosophy of science. Daniel Gelernter offers a critical review.
Physique et naturalité
Authors: Barrau Aurélien
Published: April 2021

Aurélien Barrau passe en revue les récents résultats décevants du Large Hadron Collider. Sans aucun signe de physique nouvelle, sans aucune confirmation de théories populaires telles que la supersymétrie, le terrain doit être fondamentalement reconsidéré.
On the Madelung Rule
Authors: Scerri Eric
Published: April 2021

Can chemistry be reduced to physics? Eric Scerri argues that philosophers of science have done chemistry a disservice in neglecting the field that pulls the sciences together.
From Bitcoin to Ethereum
Authors: Alvarez Aurélien
Published: April 2021

Ethereum represents an important first step in the new vision of a decentralized web. Could this new technology provide tools to invent new forms of democracy?
On Cognitive Dissonance
Authors: Dryancour Gilles
Published: April 2021

Individuals do not easily change their minds. In economics, societies have recourse to two solutions: hierarchy, where the leader decides, and markets, where voluntary exchanges are key.
Alchemy and Accountability
Authors: Martin Emmanuel
Published: April 2021

In a free system such as the market economy, the first level of regulation is not exogenous government regulation, it is endogenous accountability. How does endogenous regulation work?
The View from Below
Authors: Montenay Yves
Published: April 2021

In business, projects are judged not on the basis of cash flow, but on their profitability, whether regarding a case of investment in the traditional sense of the term, or of organizational expenses.
Shining a Light on Cognition
Authors: Adams Fred
Published: April 2021

Is a belief synonymous with an intention? Fred Adams finds some overlap, but cognitive science is far too complicated for such easy definitions.
Pushing Buttons
Authors: Simonelli Thierry
Published: April 2021

There is a profound difference between Richard Nixon’s strategic madness and Donald Trump’s factual madness. To be mad is to be capable of doing anything to stop, or in this case start, a war.
The Standard Model
Authors: Glashow Sheldon Lee
Published: April 2021

The third and final installment in Sheldon Lee Glashow’s history of physics. In this essay Glashow examines a development in which he played a key role, the formulation of the Standard Model.
Time Travelers
Authors: Richmond Alasdair
Published: April 2021

Within Kurt Gödel’s rotating universes, it is possible to revisit the past, a prospect that immediately prompts a sense of paradox. Alasdair Richmond examines the unusual implications of Gödel’s solution of the Einstein field equations.
Quantum Critical Proteins
Authors: Lindsay Stuart
Published: April 2021

Hydrogen atoms are explained by quantum mechanics; cats are not. Stuart Lindsay argues proteins may be closer to hydrogen atoms than cats and details new work on the electrical properties of proteins.
Physical Mathematics
Authors: Brézin Édouard
Published: April 2021

The two fields of physics and mathematics have always been intimately mixed. Even when explored independently, abstract mathematics often later found applications in the natural world.
The Origins of Behavior
Authors: Sun Ruichen
Published: April 2021

It is very natural, Ruichen Sun, a behavioral neuroscientist, observes, to suppose that animal behavior is under some form of algorithmic control. Simple rules often offer a compelling account of complex behavior. The Murmuration of Swallows is an example. Both the delight, and the devil, are in the comparative details.
An Ode to Ugly Physics
Authors: Yin Xi
Published: April 2021

The deepest and most far-reaching ideas of physics are not the most elegant or beautiful, but the ideas that are confusing, not rigorous, or, in fact, utterly incomprehensible to mathematicians.
On the Ising Model
Authors: Krieger Martin
Published: April 2021

In the last 75 years, physicists have solved the 2D Ising model of ferromagnetism in numerous ways. The solutions may be combinatorial, algebraic, or analytic—but all come to the same result.
Nature and the Babylonians
Authors: Lehoux Daryn
Published: April 2021

How did the ancient Mesopotamians conceive of nature and science? Daryn Lehoux reviews a new account, Before Nature: Cuneiform Knowledge and the History of Science, by Francesca Rochberg.
Le pays ancien
Authors: Thierry Benjamin
Published: April 2021

Le projet français de Minitel était bien plus qu’un projet de travaux publics, selon Minitel : Welcome to the Internet par Julien Mailland et Kevin Driscoll. Une critique de Thierry Benjamin.
Genes within Genes
Authors: Hampton Tyler
Published: April 2021

A new study, “Russian Doll Genes and Complex Chromosome Rearrangements in Oxytricha trifallax,” casts fresh light on gene nesting and mathematical patterns. Tyler Hampton examines the key findings.
Doppelt gewitzt
Authors: Huber Ludwig
Published: April 2021

Ludwig Huber, Kognitionsbiologe und Professor am Messerli Forschungsinstitut Wien, rezensiert Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are? von Frans de Waal.
KAJIAN KESIAPAN PEMERINTAH KOTA YOGYAKARTA UNTUK PENERAPAN PERATURAN WALIKOTA NO. 3 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PENYEDIAAN AIR BAKU USAHA PERHOTELAN DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Raharja Octavianta
Published: April 2021

Pemerintah Kota Yogyakarta di Indonesia telah mengeluarkan peraturan yang mewajibkan pemenuhan kebutuhan air baku hotel memakai air yang dipasok oleh Perusahaan Air Minum Daerah (PDAM). Dengan peraturan ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi penggunaan air tanah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hotel akan air bersih dikarena adanya penelitian yang menyatakan penurunan muka air tanah di kota Yogyakarta.Pelaku usaha perhotelan secara umum telah mengetahui arti pentingnya mesnjaga keberadaan air tanah dan sudah mengetahui usaha â€“ usaha konservasinya. Akan tetapi mereka masih memilih menggunakan air tanah dikarenakan mereka menilai kestabilan pasokan air dari PDAM masih kurang dikarenakan kendala jaringan perpipaan yang masih menjadi satu dengan jaringan penyediaan untuk rumah tangga. Selain itu karena harga air baku yang berasal dari air tanah masih jauh lebih murah daripada harga air yang berasal dari PDAM.Oleh karena itu, pemerintah daerah harus konsisten dalam menerapkan peraturan yang melarang penggunaan air tanah. Pengawasan penggunaan air tanah di kalangan pelaku bisnis perhotelan harus dilaksanakan secara ketat karena hotel masih menggunakan lebih dari 60% dari total air bersih yang digunakan, yang melanggar ketentuan yang ada. Pemerintah daerah juga harus meningkatkan kepercayaan pelaku bisnis perhotelan terhadap perusahaan air daerah dengan meningkatkan layanan mereka sehingga dapat menarik penggunaan dan mengurangi penggunaan air tanah.
PERAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN WISATA TAMAN BRONJONG WANUJOYO KIDUL DI DESA SRIMARTANI
Authors: Wedho Fulgensius , Warsiyah Warsiyah , Winarti Cuti
Published: April 2021

Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta merupakan daerah wisata yang banyak diminati wisatawan lokal maupun mancanegara. Salah satu objek wisata baru yang menjadi tujuan wisatawan adalah taman wisataÂ  Taman Bronjong Wanujoyo Kidul yang terletak di desa Srimartani, Kecamatan Piyungan, Kabupaten Bantul. Sebelum dimanfaatkan sebagai tempat wisata dan rekreasi, taman wisata bronjong dulu nya hanyalah tempat biasa dengan bronjong yang tertata rapih. Berkat kreatifitas masyarakat setempat, kini bronjong tersebut dijadikan tempat wisata dan rekreasi yang indah.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran serta masyarakat dalam pengembangan wisata Taman Bronjong.Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi dan kuisioner yang dibagikan kepada responden. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif untuk mengetahui apa saja potensi yang ada serta Daya tarik, Akasesibilitas, Amenitas yang ada di wisata Taman BronjongMasyarakat Dusun Wonujoyo kidul sangat berperan aktif baik dalam PengembanganÂ  wisata taman Bronjong maupunÂ  Pengelolaan wisata taman Bronjong. Dengan adanya Atraksi wisata di Taman Bronjong seperti, Taman Bunga, kebun Sayur, Aliran sungai Gewe,dan pemandangan alam sekitar wisata taman bronjong, menjadi factor pendorong wisatawan untuk berwisata ke taman Taman Bronjong. Untuk Aksebilitas di wisata Taman Bronjong sendiri sudah tergolong bagus. Fasilitas di Taman Bronjong belum mampu mendukung jumlah pengunjung dalam jumlah yang besar, khususnya ketersedian lahan parkir yang masi minim. Masyarakat Dusun Wanujoyo Kidul sangat Berperan Baik dalam Pengelolaan maupun Pengembangan Wisata Taman Bronjong
PERENCANAAN DESAIN DAN RENCANA ANGGARAN BIAYA SISTEM PENYEDIAAN AIR MINUM DI DUSUN KARANGASEM, DESA MUNTUK, KECAMATAN DLINGO, KABUPATEN BANTUL
Authors: Prasetiyowati Sri  Haryanti , Indrawati Rosiana
Published: April 2021

Penyediaan air minum merupakan salah satu kebutuhan dasar dan hak sosial ekonomi masyarakat yang harus dipenuhi oleh Pemerintah, baik itu Pemerintah Daerah maupun Pemerintah Pusat. Air bersih adalah air bersih adalah air yang memenuhi persyaratan bagi Sistem penyediaan air minum, dengan persyaratan yang dimaksud adalah persyaratan dari segi kualitas air yang meliputi kualitas fisik, kimia, biologis dan radiologis sehingga apabila dikonsumsi tidak menimbulkan efek sampingDusunÂ  Karangasem, Desa Muntuk Kecamatan Dlingo,Kabupaten Bantul, Dusun Karangasem dengan jumlah penduduk sekitar 265 KK atau 1040 jiwa di mana sampai saat ini kondisinya belum mendapatkan pelayanan air minum yang memmadai Dusun Karangasem mempunyai sumber air berupa sumur bor sedalam kurang lebih 80 meter dengan debit aliran 2l/detik. Di Dusun Karangasem juga terdapat dua tempat wisata di mana sistem penyedian air minum belum tersediaMetode yang digunakan Â dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dan perencanaan desain berdasarkan data primer dan data sekunderHasil perencanaan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum untuk DusunÂ  Karangasem,Desa Muntuk,Kecamatan Dlingo,Kabupaten Bantul menggunakan system pompa submersible kapasitas 5m3/jam dengan Head 100 m, 2,2 kw, 1 phase sejumlah satu buah. Pipa yang menghubungkan sumber air ke HU adalah pipa GI diameter 1,5â€ Pipa distribusi dari HU menggunakan pipa PVC dengan diameter 1â€ dan 1,5â€ .Untuk Hidran Umum diperlukan 4 buah Hidran dengan kapasitas 5m3. Sumber air (SA) berada pada koordinat 7Â°55'11.01"S/110Â°26'13.91"T dengan elevasi pada 455 mdpl. Koordinat lokasi rencana Hidran umum/reservoir berada pada 7Â°55'14.49"S/110Â°26'7.35"T dan elevasi 481 mdpl. Elevasi/beda tinggi antara sumber air dengan reservoir 24 m. Â Rencana anggaran biaya direncanakan sebesar Rp 107. 621.700,00. Pembangunan Sistem Penyediaan Air minum dilakukan secara gotong-royong dengan melibatkan masyarakat di DusunÂ  Karangasem,Desa Muntuk,Kecamatan Dlingo,Kabupaten BantulÂ
Long-term results of combined treatment of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer with the inclusion of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
Authors: Дмитрий Кудрявцев  , Skoropad Vitaliy , Gamayunov Sergey , Gulidov Igor` , Ivanov Sergey , Kaprin Andrey
Published: April 2021

ntroduction.  Gastric cancer remains one of the most common malignant neoplasms. In the world, including Russia, high incidence rates and low efficacy rates of long-term treatment outcomes remain. The use of neoadjuvant therapy is now increasingly seen as a standard therapy approach for locally advanced gastric cancer and cardioesophageal junction.

Materials and methods. This work presents the results of treatment using a new method – combined treatment of locally advanced stomach cancer (neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in the regime of accelerated hyperfraction with daily dose splitting up to SOD 46 Gy against the background of modified polychemotherapy according to the Xelox scheme). The structure of the development of locoregional relapses and metastases, the indicators of overall and relapse-free survival, depending on various clinical and morphological factors, were described. In total, the results were analyzed in 43 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer.

Results and discussion. At the time of this analysis, 22 patients died, 21 patients continued to be observed or were lost from the observation. Life expectancy ranged from 6.1 to 122 months. According to the multivariate analysis, two factors were identified that have a statistically significant independent effect on overall survival: the macroscopic type of growth according to Borrmann (P≤0.009) and the degree of therapeutic pathomorphism (P≤0.015). In 3 cases, a complete therapeutic tumor pathomorphism was registered. Patients continue observation for up to 6 years. Local recurrence was not detected in any case. Regional recurrence was detected and morphologically confirmed in one patient. Peritoneal metastases, the development of which more often occurred in the case of low-grade forms of gastric cancer, were observed in 12 cases.

Conclusion. All in all, the annual survival rate was 80.5 ± 6.2%, three-year 55.5 ± 7.8%, and five-year 45.0 ± 7.9%. The results show that combined treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer, using a new technique of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, contributes to an increase in overall and relapse-free survival.
The role of puncture biopsy in the treatment of pathological fractures of the cervical vertebrae
Authors: Ptashnikov Dmitriy , Magomedov Shamil , Tatarincev Alexandr , Rominskiy Sergey
Published: April 2021

The aim is to analyze the data obtained during biopsy of primary and secondary lesions and pathological fractures of the cervical vertebrae and their influence on the tactics of treatment of patients. Evaluation of the effectiveness of biopsy of pathological processes in the cervical vertebrae.

Materials. The results of biopsies of 20 patients with lesions of the cervical vertebrae of unknown etiology or with the presence of pathological fractures with compression of the spinal cord and roots by a vertebra or a soft tissue component were analyzed.

The following results were obtained: the presence of a secondary lesion of the cervical vertebrae was revealed: metastatic nature – 10, primary tumors – 1, lymphoproliferative tumors – 3, no tumor lesion was detected – 3, not enough material for the study – 3.

Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the high efficiency and sufficient safety of puncture biopsy in diagnosing lesions of the cervical vertebrae, even in complex localizations (C2).  Revealing the nature of vertebral lesions in the absence of absolute indications for decompression and stabilization interventions significantly affects the tactics and order of treatment of the patient.
Eye movement analysis with hidden Markov models (EMHMM) with co-clustering
Authors: Hsiao Janet H. , Lan Hui , Zheng Yueyuan , Chan Antoni B.
Published: April 2021

The eye movement analysis with hidden Markov models (EMHMM) method provides quantitative measures of individual differences in eye-movement pattern. However, it is limited to tasks where stimuli have the same feature layout (e.g., faces). Here we proposed to combine EMHMM with the data mining technique co-clustering to discover participant groups with consistent eye-movement patterns across stimuli for tasks involving stimuli with different feature layouts. Through applying this method to eye movements in scene perception, we discovered explorative (switching between the foreground and background information or different regions of interest) and focused (mainly looking at the foreground with less switching) eye-movement patterns among Asian participants. Higher similarity to the explorative pattern predicted better foreground object recognition performance, whereas higher similarity to the focused pattern was associated with better feature integration in the flanker task. These results have important implications for using eye tracking as a window into individual differences in cognitive abilities and styles. Thus, EMHMM with co-clustering provides quantitative assessments on eye-movement patterns across stimuli and tasks. It can be applied to many other real-life visual tasks, making a significant impact on the use of eye tracking to study cognitive behavior across disciplines.