bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A TRANSFERÊNCIA DE TECNOLOGIA PARA O PRODUTOR RURAL: UM CAMINHO PARA A SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Sabonaro Débora Zumkeller , Carmo Janaína Braga do
Published: December 2020

As inovações contribuíram para a apropriação de riqueza no campo e deram maior prestígio ao papel dos investimentos em tecnologia. Considerando que os pequenos produtores contam com poucos recursos para investir em tecnologia, este estudo teve por objetivo a realização de um levantamento de tecnologias através de revisão de literatura,  colaborando com à produção sustentável para o produtor rural. A proposta está sendo desenvolvida pelo Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Estado de São Paulo – Brasil. O Projeto intitulado: “Gestão de tecnologias geradas em projetos de expansão da cana-de- açúcar e seus efeitos ambientais” conta com o apoio da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo no Processo: 2017/18918-5. Nessa perspectiva este trabalho contribui com exemplos de transferência de tecnologias para o produtor rural. A compreensão das inovações e transferência de tecnologias aos produtores rurais contribui o desenvolvimento econômico, social e ambiental.
AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA QUARTA REVOLUÇÃO INDUSTRIAL PARA ECOINOVAÇÕES: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOMÉTRICA
Authors: Ferreira Eric Juan Machado , Finatto Carla Patricia , Neiva Samara Da Silva , Guerra José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório A.
Published: December 2020

A partir desenvolvimento dos setores da tecnológicos, avista-se inovações que têm se mostrado satisfatórias, sobretudo diante dos efeitos da urbanização. No entanto, cada vez mais se vê a necessidade da modernização tecnológica focada em sustentabilidade, de modo a alcançar equilíbrio entre o ambiental, o social e o econômico. Diante disso, levanta-se a questão de se saber qual o verdadeiro impacto das preocupações ambientais na inovação desenvolvida e adotada pelos diversos agentes econômicos. O objetivo deste artigo, portanto, é identificar como as tecnologias trazidas pela Quarta Revolução Industrial podem contribuir para a adoção de estratégias de ecoinovação.[1] Center for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), e-mail:
AS INTER-RELAÇÕES ENTRE ÁGUA, ALIMENTO E CONSERVAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: UMA DISCUSSÃO EM TORNO DO PAPEL DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Elias Lilian De Pellegrini , Figueiredo Daniela Maimoni de , Picoli Ina Thomé
Published: December 2020

Diversas políticas públicas ambientais, com o intuito de proporcionar segurança hídrica e/ou conservação da biodiversidade, se baseiam na monetização de serviços ambientais, a exemplo do ICMS ecológico, do programa produtor de água e do pagamento pelo uso da água, que adotam o princípio do Produtor-Recebedor ou do Pagador-Poluidor. No entanto, tais políticas fornecem respostas limitadas, devido a sua abordagem fragmentada e com ênfase no valor econômico da natureza, quando o intuito é a construção de um sistema alimentar sustentável. Este sistema está baseado na inter-relação entre segurança alimentar, segurança hídrica e conservação da biodiversidade, adaptada aos diferentes contextos socioeconômicos. Observa-se, então, a necessidade de políticas públicas compatíveis com a complexidade das inter-relações água-alimento-conservação ambiental. Neste trabalho exploramos os estudos de caso dos corredores ecológicos criado em 2010 pelo governo do Estado de Santa Catarina no Brasil, como parte do projeto Microbacias II e o projeto Produtores de Água desenvolvido na bacia do Rio Camboriú. Estes modelos de políticas públicas são exemplos de abordagens que buscam atuar de forma sistêmica, que se aproxima da concepção de um sistema alimentar sustentável e, portanto, mais adaptados à realidade socioeconômica local. Embora de grande relevância para a construção de um sistema sustentável, estas políticas apresentam desafios quanto à sua replicação, continuidade e avanço.
DEPURAÇÃO DE COMPOSTOS ODORANTES EM EMISSÕES FUGITIVAS DE ATERRO SANITÁRIO UTILIZANDO CAMADA DE COBERTURA CONVENCIONAL E SUBSTRATOS RICOS EM MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA
Authors: Van Tienen Yankha Myllena da Silva , Franqueto Rafaela , Stroparo Erivelton César , Cabral Alexandre Rodrigues , Ribeiro Camilo Bastos , Schirmer Waldir Nagel
Published: December 2020

O aterro sanitário é uma importante fonte antropogênica de gases odorantes, tanto na forma de emissões fugitivas (pela camada de cobertura) quanto pontuais (drenos). Para a mitigação de emissões desta natureza, o presente trabalho investigou a bio-oxidação passiva de compostos odorantes do biogás de um aterro sanitário sob condições normais e melhoradas, usando solo do aterro (originalmente com baixo teor de matéria orgânica) misturado com dois tipos de substratos: composto (na própria camada de cobertura) e escuma de estação de tratamento de esgotos (como meio filtrante em colunas-piloto). Duas campanhas de análises olfatométricas foram realizadas para cada sistema avaliado, de modo a determinar as concentrações odorantes (em UO.m-3) do gás tratado comparativamente ao biogás bruto. Os resultados mostraram que houve uma grande diferença entre as concentrações odorantes do biogás bruto e das áreas controladas e melhoradas, resultando em eficiências de remoção de odor superiores a 89% para as quatro campanhas. Contudo, não foi verificada diferença estatística entre as áreas controle e enriquecida nas campanhas realizadas mostrando que, para as condições do estudo, apenas a cobertura tradicional do aterro sanitário é suficiente para remoção dos compostos odorantes.
DIAGNÓSTICO DA PRESENÇA DE REJEITOS NOS RESÍDUOS ENVIADOS À COLETA SELETIVA EM FLORIANÓPOLIS
Authors: Piaia Eduarda , Vasconcelos Luiz Gabriel Catoira , Castilhos Júnior Armando Borges de
Published: December 2020

Através da experiência de um projeto de extensão do Núcleo de Educação Ambiental do Centro Tecnológico da UFSC junto à Associação Recicla Floripa verificou-se que em Florianópolis uma grande quantidade de rejeitos gerados pela população é encaminhada juntamente com os resíduos recicláveis destinados à coleta seletiva. O objetivo do estudo foi realizar um diagnóstico quali-quantitativo dos rejeitos presentes nos resíduos da coleta seletiva. O trabalho conduziu-se de forma a identificar a quantidade de rejeito e os fatores que levam a essa geração, tendo como problemática central que os materiais são considerados rejeitos devido à má separação dos resíduos por parte da população. O estudo foi realizado através de observação participante no barracão da Associação durante os meses de fevereiro e abril de 2017. Como resultado é possível afirmar que a quantidade de rejeitos na coleta seletiva, cerca de 18%, em massa, do que chega até as Associações, é principalmente consequência da ausência de alternativas tecnológicas para a recuperação/reciclagem, bem como, a falta de mercado para a comercialização, o que representou 87% do total dos rejeitos. Os 13% restantes devem-se à má separação dos resíduos por parte da população.
ENERGIAS RENOVÁVEIS: OPORTUNIDADES PARA O PROCESSAMENTO DE PESCADO NO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL – BRASIL
Authors: Sobreiro Ana Azevedo , Lima Jeane
Published: December 2020

A indústria de alimentos sofre com a precariedade no fornecimento de energia e poderia se beneficiar de formas de geração de energia independentes, como por fontes renováveis. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo averiguar os desafios encontrados pela indústria de processamento de alimentos relativos ao consumo de energia e levantar as oportunidades de utilização de energias renováveis para o atendimento das demandas do setor, sendo avaliada com maior cuidado a indústria de processamento de pescado, vislumbrando a realidade do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Verificou-se que este segmento possui um enorme potencial para utilização de fontes renováveis na geração de energia, formando um sistema mais seguro em termos de fornecimento de energia e eletricidade, com custos reduzidos e sustentável.
ESTUDO DE CASO: INVESTIGAÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIA PARA O APROVEITMANETO ENERGÉTICO A PARTIR DO LIXO: USINA GASEIFICADORA MODULAR (UGM)
Authors: Genilson Jacinto Pacheco Genilson Jacinto Pacheco Genilson Jacinto Pacheco , Campos Tácio Mauro Pereira de , Nascimento Daniel Luiz de Mattos , Van Elk Ana Ghislane Henriques Pereira
Published: December 2020

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar uma unidade que utiliza o processo de decomposição térmica de resíduos ou qualquer biomassa como fonte de geração de energia. Para isso, elaborou-se um estudo de caso com fundamentação teórica sobre a geração dos RSU no Brasil, e as formas de tratamento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e qualitativa, em que o universo pesquisado envolveu a análise de um equipamento que coleta, tritura e alimenta os resíduos em um forno anaeróbico sem presença de oxigênio, gerando pela síntese dos materiais incinerados, um gás combustível composto principalmente por: Hidrogênio (H2), Monóxido de Carbono (CO2) e Metano (CH4).Nesse processo, esta tecnologia se apresenta como uma solução ecológica que transforma resíduos em energia através da Usina Gaseificadora Modular (UGM). Os resultados demonstraram a viabilidade de utilização do equipamento para a produção de energia elétrica.
JUSTIÇA ECOLÓGICA APLICADA AO PROJETO DA MAIOR MINA DE CARVÃO A CÉU ABERTO DO BRASIL
Authors: Albuquerque Letícia , Brack Paulo , Fabre Roger , Barbieri Isabele Bruna , Mosmann Marcelo Pretto
Published: December 2020

O trabalho analisa a ameaça a uma região de extrema importância ecológica, cujos ecossistemas associados à Mata Atlântica, entremeados pela atividade agroecológica de interesse social, exercem função relevante na proteção dos mananciais hídricos da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, quarta mais populosa do país, com quatro milhões de habitantes. Neste local uma mineradora pretende instalar a maior mina de carvão a céu aberto do Brasil, projeto em análise de licenciamento prévio pelo órgão estadual. Objetiva-se analisar o estudo da localização do projeto no contexto da crise socioecológica, à luz dos marcos teóricos da Sociedade de Riscos e da Justiça Ecológica. O método de abordagem é o dedutivo, apresentando-se o referencial teórico e as premissas gerais de modo que, analisada a proposta do empreendimento, a partir do levantamento de dados secundários constantes do Estudo de Impacto Ambiental, são extraídas conclusões aplicáveis ao caso. A hipótese levantada é de que a localização do projeto não estaria devidamente justificada em critérios ambientais, acarretando a ameaça de violação a direitos socioambientais e ao meio ambiente. Os resultados apontam que a falta de análise das alternativas locacionais e técnicas, associada à ausência de critérios ambientais na justificativa da localização do projeto, negam a efetividade a norma ambiental procedimental preconizada pela Justiça Ecológica e prejudicam seja adequadamente lastreada e acreditada pela sociedade a tomada de decisão ambiental de atividade que causa poluição à qualidade do ar e ao manancial hídrico de uma região metropolitana e apresenta elevada probabilidade de interferir nos processos ecológicos essenciais.
MÉTODOS DE EFICIÊNCIA ENERGÉTICA E DE MITIGAÇÃO DE EMISSÕES DE GASES POLUENTES PARA NAVIOS E OS IMPACTOS NO SETOR DE TRANSPORTE MARÍTIMO
Authors: Farias Marcelo Dos Reis , Pinto Luiz Antônio Vaz , Monteiro Ulisses A.
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo apresenta e categoriza, em 6 grupos de atuação, as diversas técnicas e métodos que vem sendo utilizados e desenvolvidos em todo o mundo para a redução de emissões de gases poluentes provenientes da exaustão de Navios. A utilização e combinação destas técnicas são apontadas como indispensáveis para o cumprimento das metas da Organização Marítima Internacional (IMO) para 2050 e já definem novos parâmetros para os futuros e atuais projetos de Navios, fortalecendo cada vez mais o conceito de “GreenShips”. No entanto a aplicação destas técnicas de mitigação geram impactos consideráveis no comércio marítimo. Alguns destes impactos são abordados e discutidos neste artigo.
OTIMIZAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DE LIXIVIAÇÃO ALCALINA DE CINZAS DE CASCA DE ARROZ PARA OBTENÇÃO DE SILICATO DE SÓDIO
Authors: Cruz Raiane Da , Aquino Thiago Fernandes de , Estevam Sabrina Teixeira Estevam , Silva Tainá Domingos da
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a otimização do processo de lixiviação alcalina de cinzas de casca de arroz (CCA) com solução de hidróxido de sódio (NaOH), para obtenção de um maior rendimento de extração de silício (SiO2), aproveitando um resíduo industrial de difícil descarte para síntese de novos produtos. O procedimento ocorreu em sistema fechado sob condições hidrotermais com auxílio de um reator vaso de pressão com agitação constante, com variações de temperatura (100, 150 e 180 °C), concentração de NaOH (1, 2, 3 e 4 M), pressão (1, 3 e 8 bar) e tempo (1, 3, 6 e 24 h). A lixiviação resulta em uma solução de silicato de sódio, como produto principal, e um subproduto (carvão ativado). Os rendimentos de extração de SiO2 variaram entre 29,65 e 73,26%, obtendo silicatos com densidades (1,28 a 1,46 g/mL), pH (12,24 a 13,55) e módulo de sílica (1,07 a 3,87), resultados estes similares aos obtidos em silicatos comerciais. O carvão resultante também foi caracterizado por fluorescência de raios X (FRX) e ainda serão realizadas análises de propriedades de poros e área superficial (BET). Estes resultados sugerem que os produtos obtidos através da CCA são promissores para as mais diversas aplicações.
SILICATAGEM NO SOLO E NA PRODUTIVIDADE DA CULTURA DO MILHO
Authors: Alovisi Alves Alexandre , Luz Renato Albuquerque da , Alovisi Alessandra Mayumi Tokura , Tokura Luciene Kazue , Gomes Cezesmundo Ferreira , Cassol Cleidimar João
Published: December 2020

A busca por uma alternativa social, ambiental e economicamente mais vantajosa às fontes convencionais de nutrientes torna especialmente importante o estudo do potencial de rochas silicatadas para o emprego na agricultura. O silício é considerado um elemento benéfico para várias culturas, e o seu uso na agricultura tem se intensificado nos últimos anos. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com o estudo avaliar o potencial de uso de pós de rochas silicatadas no fornecimento de silício para o solo e para a cultura do milho. Para tal foram realizados dois experimentos, um com pó de basalto e outro com pó de serpentinito. O delineamento experimental para ambos os experimentos foi o de blocos ao acaso, distribuídos em esquema fatorial 5x2, sendo, cinco doses do pó de rocha (0, 2, 4, 8 e 16 Mg ha-1), associados ou não a bioativo, com quatro repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram o teor de silício foliar, disponibilidade de silício no solo e componentes de produção da cultura do milho. A adição de pó de basalto no solo contribuiu para a redução dos teores de silício na folha. O uso do pó de serpentinito no solo contribuiu para a elevação dos teores de Si no solo. A utilização dos pós de rochas não interferiu nos componentes de produção, nem na produtividade do milho.
Cegados por el vicio. Una lectura de la epístola 50 de Séneca
Authors: Berno Francesca Romana
Published: December 2020

Este artículo ofrece una lectura de Séneca, Ep. 50, centrándose en la anécdota inicial, la historia de la esclava tonta Harpaste, que de repente se quedó ciega, pero pensó que era el exterior lo que se había oscurecido y no su vista. Harpaste es un nombre hablante, que insinúa que ella es una broma de la naturaleza y aún más al volverse ciega. Es tonta, loca y ciega, por lo que representa en muchos aspectos nuestra condición actual: todos somos tontos, por eso actuamos como locos, cegados por nuestros vicios. Sin embargo, su ceguera se debe a una enfermedad física, mientras que la del ser humano es ética y se debe a su debilidad moral. Además de la metáfora médica, el principal campo semántico de la letra es el de aprender y conocer: esto nos lleva a comprender que las enfermedades morales provienen de una negativa a admitir nuestros límites, es decir, a conocernos a nosotros mismos, que es el primer y crucial paso hacia la sabiduría.
Chrysanthos S. Chrysanthou, Plutarch’s Parallel Lives . Narrative Technique and Moral Judgement, De Gruyter (“Trends in Classics - Supplementary Volumes” 57), Berlin-Boston 2018, pp. 228, ISBN 978-31-105-7298-8
Authors: Curnis Michele
Published: December 2020

Reseña
¿Antropología u ontología de la historia? La presencia de Carl Schmitt en la obra de Koselleck
Authors: Orozco Pérez Manuel
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de investigación de la estancia en el Nachlass Carl Schmitt que se encuentra en el Landesarchiv Nordrhein-Westfalen. El contenido de la correspondencia se ha organizado con vistas a ofrecer argumentos sólidos desde el punto de vista histórico a la tesis según la cual el proyecto de la historia conceptual de Reinhart Koselleck no es tanto un método de análisis histórico-filológico como una teoría de la modernidad. Asimismo, esta correspondencia sirve como punto de referencia para analizar la profunda relación personal e intelectual entre Koselleck y Schmitt.
TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ DEVLET SALNAMELERİNE GÖRE BURDUR VİLAYETİNİN COĞRAFİ, İDARİ VE SOSYAL YAPISI (1925-1929)
Authors: UYSAL Mustafa Ali
Published: December 2020

Salnameler, özellikle şehir tarihi çalışmaları için en önemli kaynaklardan birisidir. 1925-1929 yılları arasında yayınlanan devlet salnamelerinden (yıllıklarından) yararlanarak Burdur şehir tarihinin bir bölümünü aydınlatabilme düşüncesi bizi bu araştırmayı yapmaya yöneltmiştir. Bu çalışmada 1926, 1927 ve 1928 yıllarında “Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Salnamesi” adıyla Osmanlıca olarak yayınlanan devlet salnamelerinde ve 1929 yılında “Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Yıllığı” adıyla Latin harfleriyle yayınlanan devlet yıllığında yer alan Burdur vilayetinin coğrafi, idari ve sosyal yapısı hakkında ayrıntılı bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Bunun yanında Konya Vilayet Salnameleri, Maarif Salnameleri, 1927 Umumi Nüfus Tahriri, Cumhurbaşkanlığı Cumhuriyet Arşivi belgeleri ve diğer araştırma eserlere de yer verilmiştir. 1925-1929 yılları arasında Burdur vilayeti ve kazalarının coğrafi yapısı, tarihi, mülki taksimatı, idari görevlileri, nüfusu, eğitim kurumları, sağlık durumu, adli suçlar vb. konular hakkında istatistiki bilgiler sunulmuştur.
ÜNİVERSİTEYİ YENİ KAZANAN ÖĞRENCİLERİN PANDEMİ KAYNAKLI UZAKTAN EĞİTİME İLİŞKİN HAZIRBULUNUŞLUKLARI VE GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: KUZU Yasemin
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada normalde yüz yüze eğitim veren bir üniversiteyi yeni kazanmış öğrencilerin pandemi kaynaklı uzaktan eğitime ilişkin hazırbulunuşluk düzeyleri incelenmiş ve sürece yönelik görüşleri alınmıştır. Çalışma grubunu bir devlet üniversitesinde eğitim fakültesine yeni kayıt yaptırmış olan 305 1. sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Karma araştırma yaklaşımının benimsendiği bu çalışmada, nicel verilerin çözümlenmesinde betimsel analiz, nitel verilerin çözümlenmesinde ise içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda öğrencilerin uzaktan eğitime ilişkin hazırbulunuşluk düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu görülmüş; cinsiyet, bölüm, bilgisayarla geçirilen süre, kitap okuma durumlarına göre anlamlı farklılaşmalar elde edilmiştir. Öğrenciler uzaktan eğitim için pandemi koşullarında yerinde bir karar olduğunu düşünmekle birlikte, yüz yüze eğitime kıyasla daha verimsiz geçeceği yönünde görüşler bildirmişlerdir. Diğer yandan uzaktan eğitimin sağlam bir alt yapıyla sunulması, bireylere fırsat eşitliği sunulması, derslerin en kaliteli şekilde verilmesi aksi takdirde bir an önce yüz yüze eğitime geçilmesi yönünde öneriler sunmuştur.
Utopia as a practical approach to urban chaos: towards a meaningful design process in architecture
Authors: Canova César
Published: December 2020

Utopia and design might together oppose chaos as they can provide an appropriate sense of place and an accurate translation of environmental meaning, explicitly because chaos has no recognisable order unless when partially analysed. Chaos can hardly be developed or imagined with intention. Chaos has no meaning unless when defined as the opposite of order and Architecture can assist the imagination of such order once we establish what a “balanced” architectural practice means.
Finding New Physics, Phenomenological, Experimental, and Astrophysical Predictions from Neutrino Mass
Authors: Das Chitta Ranjan , Huitu Katri , Kurmanaliyev Zhanibek , Mauyey Bakytbek , Kärkkäinen Timo
Published: December 2020

The crucial phenomenological and experimental predictions for new physics are outlined, where the number of problems of the Standard Model (neutrino masses and oscillations, dark matter, baryon asymmetry of the Universe, leptonic CP-violation) could find their solutions. The analogies between the cosmological neutrino mass scale from the early universe data and laboratory probes are discussed and the search for new physics and phenomena.
Burnout Prevalence and Its Associating Factors among Malaysian Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Embedded Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Roslan Nurhanis Syazni , Yusoff Muhamad Saiful Bahri , Razak Asrenee Ab , Morgan Karen
Published: December 2020

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global health threat and has placed an extraordinary demand for healthcare workers around the world. In this study, we aim to examine the prevalence of burnout, its associating factors, and experience among Malaysian healthcare workers through an embedded mixed-method study design. We found that more than half of Malaysian health care workers in this sample experienced burnout. Direct involvement in COVID-19 screening or treatment, having a medical condition, and less psychological support in the workplace emerged to be the significant factors for personal-, work- and patient-related burnout. Participants described workload, uncertainties from the pandemic, challenged work-family balance and stretched workplace relationships as the sources of burnout. Exhaustion appeared to be the major symptom and many participants utilized problem-focused coping to deal with the adversities experienced during the pandemic. Participants reported physical, occupational, psychological, and social-related negative impacts emanating from burnout. As the pandemic trajectory is yet unknown, the findings provide early insight and guidance for possible interventions.
The Role of Sexual Prejudice and Aetiology Beliefs on the Italians’ Attitudes towards Adoption by Same-Sex Couples
Authors: Di Battista Silvia , Paolini Daniele , Pivetti Monica , Mongelli Lucia
Published: December 2020

Research found that those who believe sexual orientation is inborn have generally positive attitudes towards gay men and lesbians. However, other studies have also found that these beliefs could include negative eugenic ideas. This study aims to investigate the role of people’s beliefs about the aetiology of sexual orientation on attitudes towards adoption for both gay and lesbian couples. We hypothesized that this relationship would be mediated by sexual prejudice. To test the predictions, 256 Italian heterosexual participants were asked to answer to a scale about their beliefs regarding the aetiology of sexual orientation, sexual prejudice, and attitudes towards adoption by same-sex couples. Results confirmed that the relationship between aetiology beliefs and adoption support was fully mediated by sexual prejudice. These investigation results suggest that the belief that sexual orientation is controllable may serve to justify one’s prejudice and, in turn, result in a lower support for same-sex couples’ adoption.
Suppression the Disturbance of Robotic Manipulators Based on Nonlinear Disturbance Observer and Fuzzy Logic System
Authors: He Wangyong , Li Haogui , Wang Yuanjiang , Liu Sanqiu ,   School of Automation, China University of Geosciences No.388 Lumo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China,   Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex System No.388 Lumo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
Published: December 2020

Robotic Manipulators (RM) are nonlinear and coupling system with time-variant and model uncertainties. In addition, RM are subject to different types of disturbances in practice, such as joint frictions, unknown payloads, and interferences from external systems. In this paper, these adverse factors are regarded as disturbance, and classifies them into internal disturbances and external disturbances. In order to achieve high-precision control, a Nonlinear Disturbance Observer (NDO) is designed to suppress external disturbances, and a Fuzzy Logic System (FLS) is designed to compensate internal disturbances. The scheme can effectively suppress the disturbance and improve the control accuracy. The validity of the scheme is shown by computer simulations of a two-link robot manipulator.
Rapid Development of a Mobile Robot for the Nakanoshima Challenge Using a Robot for Intelligent Environments
Authors: Umetani Tomohiro ,   Department of Intelligence and Informatics, Konan University 8-9-1 Okamoto, Higashinada, Kobe, Hyoto 658-8501, Japan, Kondo Yuya , Tokuda Takuma
Published: December 2020

Automated mobile platforms are commonly used to provide services for people in an intelligent environment. Data on the physical position of personal electronic devices or mobile robots are important for information services and robotic applications. Therefore, automated mobile robots are required to reconstruct location data in surveillance tasks. This paper describes the development of an autonomous mobile robot to achieve tasks in intelligent environments. In particular, the robot constructed route maps in outdoor environments using laser imaging detection and ranging (LiDAR), and RGB-D sensors via simultaneous localization and mapping. The mobile robot system was developed based on a robot operating system (ROS), reusing existing software. The robot participated in the Nakanoshima Challenge, which is an experimental demonstration test of mobile robots in Osaka, Japan. The results of the experiments and outdoor field tests demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed robot system.
Tomato Growth State Map for the Automation of Monitoring and Harvesting
Authors: Fujinaga Takuya ,   Kyushu Institute of Technology 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0196, Japan, Yasukawa Shinsuke , Ishii Kazuo
Published: December 2020

To realize smart agriculture, we engaged in its systematization, from monitoring to harvesting tomato fruits using robots. In this paper, we explain a method of generating a map of the tomato growth states to monitor the various stages of tomato fruits and decide a harvesting strategy for the robots. The tomato growth state map visualizes the relationship between the maturity stage, harvest time, and yield. We propose a generation method of the tomato growth state map, a recognition method of tomato fruits, and an estimation method of the growth states (maturity stages and harvest times). For tomato fruit recognition, we demonstrate that a simple machine learning method using a limited learning dataset and the optical properties of tomato fruits on infrared images exceeds more complex convolutional neural network, although the results depend on how the training dataset is created. For the estimation of the growth states, we conducted a survey of experienced farmers to quantify the maturity stages into six classifications and harvest times into three terms. The growth states were estimated based on the survey results. To verify the tomato growth state map, we conducted experiments in an actual tomato greenhouse and herein report the results.
Comparison of Surgical Site Infection Risk Between Warfarin, LMWH, and Aspirin for Venous Thromboprophylaxis in TKA or THA
Authors: Hughes Luke D. , Lum Joann , Mahfoud Ziyad , Malik Rayaz Ahmed , Anand Anoop , Charalambous Charalambos P.
Published: December 2020

Background:

Infection following arthroplasty can have devastating effects for the patient and necessitate further surgery. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis is required to minimize the risk of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Anticoagulation has been demonstrated to interfere with wound-healing and increase the risk of infection. We hypothesized that different anticoagulation regimes will have differing effects on rates of periprosthetic joint infection. The aim of this study was to compare the surgical site infection risk between the use of warfarin, low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), and aspirin for VTE prophylaxis following total knee or hip arthroplasty.

Methods:

A systematic literature search was conducted in November 2018 using the PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases to identify studies that compared warfarin, LMWH, and/or aspirin with regard to surgical site infection rates following hip or knee arthroplasty. Meta-analyses were performed to compare the infection and VTE risks between groups.

Results:

Nine articles involving 184,037 patients met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed that warfarin prophylaxis was associated with a higher risk of deep infection (or infection requiring reoperation) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.929, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.197 to 3.109, p = 0.007) and surgical site infection overall (OR = 1.610, 95% CI = 1.028 to 2.522, p = 0.038) compared with aspirin in primary total joint arthroplasty, with similar findings also seen when primary and revision procedures were combined. There was no significant difference in infection risk between warfarin and LMWH and between LMWH and aspirin. There was a nonsignificant trend for VTE risk to be higher with warfarin compared with aspirin therapy for primary procedures (OR = 1.600, 95% CI = 0.875 to 2.926, p = 0.127), and this was significant when both primary and revision cases were included (OR = 2.674, 95% CI = 1.143 to 6.255, p = 0.023).

Conclusions:

These findings caution against the use of warfarin for VTE prophylaxis for hip and knee arthroplasty. Further randomized head-to-head trials and mechanistic studies are warranted to determine how specific anticoagulants impact infection risk.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
COVID Racism against East Asian Community beyond Post-COVID 19
Authors: Lee Sangeun
Published: December 2020

N/A due to it is under the Letter to the Editor category.
Primary Care Social Work Practice with Older Adult Veterans During the Covid-19 Pandemic: An Application of Ecological Systems Theory
Authors: Smith Lashawn
Published: December 2020

In March 2020, The state of New York became the American epicenter of the Covid-19 pandemic with the most vulnerable of populations including older adults being affected.  As a result of the Government shut-down to slow the spread of Covid-19, many primary care social workers, including this writer pivoted to remote telework detail on short notice. While utilizing an ecological systems theoretical framework, this article will explore how primary care social workers in the Veterans Health Administration worked through the Covid-19 pandemic to effectively provide social work services and case management to older adult Veterans.
Adsorbate-induced Active Site in Zeolite
Authors: Li Guangchao , Foo Christopher , Yi Xianfeng , Chen Wei , Zhao Pu , Gao Pan , Yoskamtorn Tatchamapan , Xiao Yao , Day Sarah , Tang Chiu , Hou Guangjin , Zheng Anmin , Tsang Shik Chi
Published: December 2020

There has been a long debate on how and where active sites are created for molecular adsorption and catalysis in zeolites which underpin many important industrial applications. For example, Lewis acidic site (LAS) and basic site (LBS) are generally believed to be the extra-framework Al species and residue anion (OH−) species formed at fixed crystallographic positions on the zeolite structures after their synthesis. Here, direct experimental observation of adsorbate-induced active sites in silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) zeolites is for the first time made, which contradicts the traditional view of the fixed active sites in zeolites. Evidence shows that induced Frustrated Lewis pair (three-coordinated framework Al as LAS and SiO(H) as LBS) can be transiently favored for heterolytic molecular binding/reactions of competitive polar adsorbates due to their ineffective orbitals overlap in the rigid framework. High resolution magic-angle spinning solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-SSNMR), synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD), neutron powder diffraction (NPD), in-situ Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform spectroscopy (in-situ DRIFT) and ab initio molecular dynamic (AIMD) demonstrate the presence of only one type of Bronsted acid site (BAS) in the H-SAPO-34, however, when exposed to polar adsorbates such as methanol, the methoxy moiety is shown to be directly coordinated to the framework Al (induced LAS) and the proton to the O(H)-Si (induced LBS) by the induced FLP. Our unprecedented finding opens up a new avenue to understanding of the dynamic establishment of active sites for adsorption or chemical reactions under molecular bombardments to zeolitic structures.
Synthesis, characterisation, and the electrochemical sensing behaviour of nicotinic acid hydrazide anchored on graphene oxide (NAHGO)
Authors: B Sreeja , Jose Jemini , Shaji Sadasivan , Subramanian Viswanathan
Published: December 2020

A simple modified sensor was developed with nicotinic acid hydrazide anchored on graphene oxide (NAHGO), synthesised by ultrasonic assisted chemical route, using hydroxy benzotriazole. Structural and morphologies of NAHGO samples were characterised by Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Morphology modification of the material provided the route for more electroactive surface, that influenced the electro oxidation of caffeine with increased current. We have demonstrated the electrochemical behaviour of NAHGO on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for caffeine detection, by employing voltammetric techniques. The influence of scan rate, pH, and concentration on the peak current of caffeine was also studied. The NAHGO sensor was employed for the determination of caffeine in imol plus and energy drink. The detection limit determined was 8.7 nM, and the best value reported so far. The results show that NAHGO modified electrodes is one of the best preferences to establish new, efficient, and reliable analytical tools.
Methodological Issue of Isolating Mitochondria in Acute Injury: A Rat Cardiac Arrest Model
Authors: Aoki Tomoaki , Okuma Yu , Becker Lance , Hayashida Kei , Shinozaki Koichiro
Published: December 2020

Background Mitochondrial studies are key to understanding the pathophysiology of cardiac arrest (CA), however there is a potential risk of sampling bias during the mitochondrial isolation process. This study aimed to evaluate the dysregulation of mitochondrial respiratory function after CA while testing the sampling bias induced by the mitochondrial isolation method.Methods and Results Adult rats were subjected to 10-minunte asphyxia-induced CA. Thirty minutes after resuscitation, brain and kidney mitochondria from sham and CA group animals were isolated (n=8, each). The mitochondria quantity, expressed as protein concentrations (isolation yields), was determined and then oxygen consumption rates were measured. ADP-dependent (state-3) and ADP-limited (state-4) respiration activity were compared between the groups. The mitochondrial quantity was evaluated by citrate synthase (CS) activity and cytochrome c concentration measured independently from isolation yields. The state-3 respiration activity and isolation yield in the CA group declined significantly as compared to those in the sham group (brain, p < 0.01; kidney, p < 0.001). The CS activity in the CA group declined significantly as compared to that of the sham group (brain, p < 0.01; kidney, p < 0.01). Likewise, cytochrome c levels in the CA group had decreasing trends (brain, p = 0.08; kidney, p = 0.25).Conclusions CA decreased mitochondrial respiration activity and the quantity of mitochondria isolated from the tissues. Due to the nature of fragmented or damaged mitochondria membranes caused by this acute injury model, it is plausible that the mitochondrial function measured in the acute injury animal model might be underestimated.
Transcription Factor CDX2 Upregulates Proto-oncogenic miR-744 via Promoter Activation Mechanism in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Sha Zhou , Hao Song , Wei Yajun , Xv Xiwei , Lv Weize , Liang Zibin , Hu Liyang , Li Tin , Lin Zhong , Xian Jianzhong , Pei Xiaofeng
Published: December 2020

Background: The role of caudal-related Homeobox 2 (CDX2) in the pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mRNA expression CDX2 in NSCLC, and to determine its relationship with miR-744 and its potential as a biomarker of NSCLC.Methods:Mir-744 is overexpressed in A549, H460 and H1299 cell lines. QRT-PCR was used to detect mRNA expression. CHIP essay was performed to determine CDX2 binds sites. Then we conducted luciferase reporter essay to analyze interaction between Mir-744 and 3'UTRs. Migration and Boyden chamber method were uesd to study cell mobility.Results: In this study, we found that ectopic CDX2 increased the expression of miR-744, while the attenuation of CDX2 reduced the expression of miR-744 by qRT_PCR. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed that CDX2 directly binds to the promoter of miR-744. Luciferase reporter assay further verified the binding sites of -347 to -358bp in the most likely promoter like sequence of miR-744. MiR-744 upregulation induced by CDX2 can significantly promote the migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. While miR-744 knockdown, ectopic CDX2 is sufficient to rescue the migration and invasion capacity of these cells.Conclusion: In summary, our results for the first time confirmed the regulatory mechanism of CDX2 on miR-744 transcription and provided a potential mechanism for CDX2 as oncogene in lung cancer.
High Glucagon-to-C-peptide Ratio and Inadequate Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Lu Chunfeng , Su Jianbin , Wang Xueqin , Ge Xiaoqin , Liu Wangshu , Xu Feng , Zhang Dongmei
Published: December 2020

Objective: Unbalanced glucagon and insulin secretion may contribute to glucose fluctuations and inadequate glucose control in type 2 diabetic patients. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the glucagon-to-C-peptide ratio and glycemic control. Methods: From January 2017 to December 2018, a total of 1128 type 2 diabetic patients were recruited. The fasting and postprandial glucagon-to-C-peptide ratios were calculated following a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Subjects were divided into quartiles based on their fasting and postprandial glucagon-to-C-peptide ratios. Statistical analysis was then carried out. Results: HbA1c levels were significantly and positively correlated with fasting (r = 0.333, p < 0.001) and postprandial glucagon-C-peptide-ratio (r = 0.373, p < 0.001). The proportion of patients with uncontrolled hyperglucose significantly increased from 76.2% to 83.0%, 89.4% and 94.7% from the first to second, third and fourth quartiles of the fasting glucagon-C-peptide ratio and increased from 73.4% to 80.9%, 93.3% and 95.7% from the first to second, third and fourth quartiles of the postprandial glucagon-C-peptide ratio, respectively. After adjusting for potential influences, the mean difference (95% CI) in HbA1c between the patients in the lowest and highest quartiles of the fasting glucagon-C-peptide ratio was 1.925 (1.512, 2.338) %, and the mean difference in HbA1c between the patients in the lowest andhighest quartiles of the prandial glucagon-C-peptide ratio was 2.401 (1.981, 2.820) %. After adjusting for possible metabolic risks by multiple logistic regression analysis, the corresponding odds ratios (ORs) for uncontrolled hyperglucose of the second, third and fourth quartiles versus the first quartile of fasting glucagon-C-peptide-ratiowere 1.331 (95% CI 0.829–2.136), 2.818 (1.647–4.823) and 7.268 (3.573–14.784), respectively. When compared with the first quartile of the postprandial glucagon-C-peptide ratio, the corresponding ORs for uncontrolled hyperglucose of the second, third and fourth quartiles were 1.752 (95% CI 1.100–2.793), 6.304 (3.348–11.560) and 15.998 (7.353–34.805), respectively. Conclusions: For type 2 diabetic patients, an increased glucagon-to-C-peptide ratio is associated with an increased risk of uncontrolled hyperglucose.
Analysis of the Defence Responses to Tomato Spotted Wilt Orthotospovirus (TSWV) and Hippeastrum Chlorotic Ringspot Orthotospovirus (HCRV) Infection in Capsicum Annuum Based on Transcriptome
Authors: Jia Zhiqiang , Gao Xue , Xu Ye , Tao Hongzheng , Yang Baoju , Gui Min , Liu Yating , Li Yongzhong
Published: December 2020

Background: Orthotospovirus has a wide range of hosts, widely distributed in southwestern China and have serious harm to crop production. Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) and Hippeastrum chlorotic ringspot orthotospovirus (HCRV) are seriously harms the quality of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). However, the detailed molecular mechanism of pepper disease caused by TSWV and HCRV remains obscure.Method: Transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) based on high-throughput sequencing, with TSVV, HCRV and mock-inoculated plants as controls, to investigate and compare the gene expression changes in pepper leaves, and analyze the plants invaded by orthotospoviruses defensive response.Results: The RNA-Seq results of pepper 1 day after inoculation (1 dpi) showed that the number of differentially expressed genes(DEG) after HCRV infection was greater than that after TSWV infection. Gene Ontology enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses were performed on the two viruses, and the KEGG results showed that DEG were mainly enriched in plant-pathogen interactions, plant hormone signal transduction, and defence processes.Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that after orthotospovirus infects pepper, the DEG changes in the processes of plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone and phenylpropanoid synthesis. In addition, transcription factors such as WRKY and MYB changed significantly. These factors comprehensively affect the plant's defence response and ultimately enhance the plant's resistance to viruses. Findings of present study will significantly help enhance our understanding of the complicated defense process of plant responses to orthotospoviruses infection.
Cardiac Troponin T as the Underlying Risk Factor Associated With Disease Severity and Mortality in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Jiang Weiping , Liu Xuanqi , Tang Xiaodan , Ge Xiaoxiao , Cao Song , Dong Hui , Zhou Ji-an , Mou Yan , Li Xiangyang , Ge Haiyan , Zhu Huili
Published: December 2020

Backgrounds: To describe the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 hospitalized patients and further analyze the potential risk factors related to the severity of the disease and 28-day mortality of patients.Methods: A total of 122 coronavirus disease 2019 patients hospitalized in Wuhan Third Hospital from 26 January 2020 to 16 March 2020 were included in this retrospective study. Clinical data of patients were retrospectively analyzed, and the risk factors associated with disease severity and 28-day mortality were screened by cox regression analysis.Results: Of all 122 patients, the median age was 64 years old (interquartile range, 57- 71 years old).Compared with non-severe patients, severe patients had higher indices like cardiac troponin T and respiratory rate. In cox regression analysis, cardiac troponin T correlated with 28-day mortality most.Conclusions: Abnormal cardiac troponin T value after admission were in strong correlation with 28-day survival status.
Prediction of Good Quality Blastocyst Formation by Metabolomic Profile of Spent Embryo Culture Media using FTIR Spectroscopy in Women undergoing IVF Cycle : A Cohort Prospective Study
Authors: Wiweko Budi , Zakia Zakia , Tedjo Aryo , Widyahening Indah S , Pratama Gita , Hestiantoro Andon , Natadisastra Muharam , Sumapraja Kanadi , Harzif Achmad Kemal , Zakirah Sarah Chairani
Published: December 2020

Background: In this study, we evaluated the performance of a multivariate statistical model to predict good quality blastocyst formation by processing chemometric data from FTIR spectral of spent culture media at day 1 cultured.Methods: This study aimed to determine if metabolomic profile of spent embryo culture media using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) could predict good quality blastocyst formation using cohort prospective design. A total of 44 spent culture media from 8 patients were individually collected. Forty-four samples derived from day 1 cultured. All sample was known either form a good blastocyst or no on day 5 cultured. Samples were evaluated using FTIR spectroscopy. The spectra were analyzed using chemometric and multivariate statistical model to make group classification. K fold cross-validation was used, to avoid random correlation. AUC, sensitivity and accuracy of predicting good quality blastocyst were calculated.Results: FTIR spectroscopy predicted blastocyst formation with Area under the ROC curve (AUC) 0,752 sensitivity 73 % and accuracy 72% from day-1 spent culture media.Conclusions: Metabolomic profiling of spent embryo culture media using FTIR spectroscopy combined with bioinformatics has the potential to predict blastocyst formation.
Psychological defenses and coping strategies in preschool children: sex differences and relationship with psychological health
Authors: Kuftyak Elena
Published: December 2020

The article represents the research, analysed the reviewing of defensive mechanisms and coping strategies in the context of the mental health of pre-school children of different gender. The results obtained through study point to differentiation of psychological defence and coping strategies mechanisms based on gender and the condition of mental health. It is revealed that mentally healthy pre-school age children prefer to use effective and socially upheld coping-strategies, which reduce the pressure through socially upheld behaviour patterns (e.g., through the decent “children’s activity” – play, walk and etc.).  Mentally healthy girls more often focus on overcome the difficulties within themselves. Boys, who have emotional symptoms, as usual prefer the destructive emotional expression strategy, that lets to ease the tension. Boys with the low level of anxiety are oriented to the passive distraction, while girls focus on the social contacts.  Received results can be used for development of psychological prevention of mental health offences programmes
Impact of managerial communication, managerial support, and organizational culture difference on turnover intention: A tale of two merged banks
Authors: V. De Leon Myra
Published: December 2020

Mergers and acquisitions are critical mechanisms for promoting the stable and effective production of the financial sector, and an effort to improve the strategic edge of financial institutions. M&A process also entails a high degree of confusion, which can be difficult for the workers. This study was conducted in the Philippines to examine the differences in the employees’ opinion in managerial communication, managerial support, and organizational culture difference relative to employee turnover. It also seeks to determine if the socio-demographic profile of respondents has a significant influence on turnover intention. The sample in this study is determined using a purposive sampling method. A total of 350 questionnaires are complete and feasible to analyze where 250 respondents belong to Bank A, and 100 respondents belong to Bank B. Using Levene-Welch post-hoc multiple comparison and binary logit regression with bootstrap, the findings revealed that managerial communication, managerial support, and organizational culture were associated with turnover intention. Further, the findings revealed that turnover intention differs per demographic profile. Therefore, management is to develop a post-merger integration plan, ensuring to attain competitive advantage and successful mergers and acquisitions.