bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of mHealth Apps and Wearable Technology to Assess Changes and Predict Pain During Treatment of Acute Pain in Sickle Cell Disease (Preprint)
Authors: Johnson Amanda , Yang Fan , Gollarahilli Siddharth , Banerjee Tanvi , Abrams Daniel , Jonassaint Jude , Jonassaint Charles , Shah Nirmish
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited red blood cell disorder affecting millions worldwide that results in many potential medical complications throughout the lifecourse. The hallmark of SCD is pain. Many patients experience daily chronic pain, as well as intermittent, unpredictable acute vaso-occlusive painful episodes called pain crises. These pain crises often require acute medical care and can lead to a day hospital or emergency department (ED) visit, or even a hospitalization [1]. Over one in four patients seen for acute pain in the ED or day hospital are admitted, with efforts focused on palliative pain control and hydration for management [2]. However, mitigating pain crises is challenging for both the patients and their providers, given the perceived unpredictability and subjective nature of pain.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to use physiologic changes during an acute pain crisis to objectively measure and predict pain scores.

METHODS

For this pilot study, we enrolled 20 adult patients presenting to the Adult Day Hospital with acute pain. Before beginning pain treatment, each participant was given a wearable device (Microsoft Band 2) that collected physiologic measurements, and pain scores were recorded from our mobile app Technology Recordings to Understand Pain (TRU-Pain). We used this data to describe changes in pain scores and physiologic measures. Then, we constructed regression and classification machine-learning models to predict pain scores collected from mobile applications with features extracted from wearable signals.

RESULTS

Patients were monitored for an average of 3.79 hours (SD: +/- 2.23 hours) with an average of 5,826 (SD: +/- 2,667) objective data values per patient. As expected, we found that pain scores and heart rate decreased for most patients during the course of hospitalization. Using the wearable data, we were able to create a regression model to predict subjective pain scores with a root mean error of 1.430 and correlation between observations and predictions of 0.706. Furthermore, we verified the hypothesis that the regression model outperformed the classification model by comparing the performances of the Support Vector Machines and the Support Vector Machines for Regression.

CONCLUSIONS

The combination of the TRU-Pain app and wearable device provided an efficient and cost-effective method for collecting objective, physiological markers of an acute pain crisis and change in pain intensity for adult patients with SCD. Applying machine learning in this small and highly imbalanced dataset, demonstrated the potential for objectively measuring pain in SCD.
Weight Loss Trajectories After Bariatric Surgery for Obesity: Mathematical Model and Proof-of-Concept Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dimeglio Chloe , Becouarn Guillaume , Topart Philippe , Bodin Rodolphe , Buisson Jean Christophe , Ritz Patrick
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

Obesity surgery has proven its effectiveness in weight loss. However, after a loss phase of about 12 to 18 months, between 20% and 40% of patients regain weight. Prediction of weight evolution is therefore useful for early detection of weight regain.

OBJECTIVE

This proof-of-concept study aimed to analyze the postoperative weight trajectories and to identify “curve families” for early prediction of weight regain.

METHODS

This was a monocentric retrospective study with calculation of the weight trajectory of patients having undergone gastric bypass surgery. Data on 795 patients after a 2-year follow-up allowed modeling of weight trajectories according to a hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) tending to minimize the intragroup distance according to Ward. Clinical judgement was used to finalize the identification of clinically relevant representative trajectories. This modeling was validated on a group of 381 patients for whom the observed weight at 18 months was compared to the predicted weight.

RESULTS

Two successive HCA produced 14 representative trajectories, distributed among 4 clinically relevant families: Of the 14 weight trajectories, 6 decreased systematically over time or decreased and then stagnated; 4 decreased, increased, and then decreased again; 2 decreased and then increased; and 2 stagnated at first and then began to decrease. A comparison of observed weight and that estimated by modeling made it possible to correctly classify 98% of persons with excess weight loss (EWL) >50% and more than 58% of persons with EWL between 25% and 50%. In the category of persons with EWL >50%, weight data over the first 6 months were adequate to correctly predict the observed result.

CONCLUSIONS

This modeling allowed correct classification of persons with EWL >50% and could identify early after surgery the patients with potentially less that optimal weight loss. Further studies are needed to validate this model in other populations, with other types of surgery, and with other medical-surgical teams.
Who is Tracking Health on Mobile Devices: Behavioral Logfile Analysis in Hong Kong (Preprint)
Authors: Guan Lu , Peng Tai-Quan , Zhu Jonathan JH
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

Health apps on mobile devices provide an unprecedented opportunity for ordinary people to develop social connections revolving around health issues. With increasing penetration of mobile devices and well-recorded behavioral data on such devices, it is desirable to employ digital traces on mobile devices rather than self-reported measures to capture the behavioral patterns underlying the use of mobile health (mHealth) apps in a more direct and valid way.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of this study were to (1) assess the demographic predictors of the adoption of mHealth apps; (2) investigate the temporal pattern underlying the use of mHealth apps; and (3) explore the impacts of demographic variables, temporal features, and app genres on the use of mHealth apps.

METHODS

Logfile data of mobile devices were collected from a representative panel of about 2500 users in Hong Kong. Users’ mHealth app activities were analyzed. We first conducted a binary logistic regression analysis to uncover demographic predictors of users’ adoption status. Then we utilized a multilevel negative binomial regression to examine the impacts of demographic characteristics, temporal features, and app genres on mHealth app use.

RESULTS

It was found that 27.5% of mobile device users in Hong Kong adopt at least one genre of mHealth app. Adopters of mHealth apps tend to be female and better educated. However, demographic characteristics did not showcase the predictive powers on the use of mHealth apps, except for the gender effect (Bfemale vs Bmale=–0.18; P=.006). The use of mHealth apps demonstrates a significant temporal pattern, which is found to be moderately active during daytime and intensifying at weekends and at night. Such temporal patterns in mHealth apps use are moderated by individuals’ demographic characteristics. Finally, demographic characteristics were also found to condition the use of different genres of mHealth apps.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest the importance of dynamic perspective in understanding users’ mHealth app activities. mHealth app developers should consider more the demographic differences in temporal patterns of mHealth apps in the development of mHealth apps. Furthermore, our research also contributes to the promotion of mHealth apps by emphasizing the differences of usage needs for various groups of users.
Exploring the Cost of eLearning in Health Professions Education: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Meinert Edward , Eerens Jessie , Banks Christina , Maloney Stephen , Rivers George , Ilic Dragan , Walsh Kieran , Majeed Azeem , Car Josip
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

Existing research on the costs associated with the design and deployment of eLearning in health professions education is limited. The relative costs of these learning platforms to those of face-to-face learning are also not well understood. The lack of predefined costing models used for eLearning cost data capture has made it difficult to complete cost evaluation.

OBJECTIVE

The key aim of this scoping review was to explore the state of evidence concerning cost capture within eLearning in health professions education. The review explores the available data to define cost calculations related to eLearning.

METHODS

The scoping review was performed using a search strategy with Medical Subject Heading terms and related keywords centered on eLearning and cost calculation with a population scope of health professionals in all countries. The search was limited to articles published in English. No restriction was placed on literature publication date.

RESULTS

In total, 7344 articles were returned from the original search of the literature. Of these, 232 were relevant to associated keywords or abstract references following screening. Full-text review resulted in 168 studies being excluded. Of these, 61 studies were excluded because they were unrelated to eLearning and focused on general education. In addition, 103 studies were excluded because of lack of detailed information regarding costs; these studies referred to cost in ways either indicating cost favorability or unfavorability, but without data to support findings. Finally, 4 studies were excluded because of limited cost data that were insufficient for analysis. In total, 42 studies provided data and analysis of the impact of cost and value in health professions education. The most common data source was total cost of training (n=29). Other sources included cost per learner, referring to the cost for individual students (n=13). The population most frequently cited was medical students (n=15), although 12 articles focused on multiple populations. A further 22 studies provide details of costing approaches for the production and delivery of eLearning. These studies offer insight into the ways eLearning has been budgeted and project-managed through implementation.

CONCLUSIONS

Although cost is a recognized factor in studies detailing eLearning design and implementation, the way cost is captured is inconsistent. Despite a perception that eLearning is more cost-effective than face-to-face instruction, there is not yet sufficient evidence to assert this conclusively. A rigorous, repeatable data capture method is needed, in addition to a means to leverage existing economic evaluation methods that can then test eLearning cost-effectiveness and how to implement eLearning with cost benefits and advantages over traditional instruction.
Dari Mukjizat ke Pemerataan: Kajian Ekonomi Petani Indragiri Hulu 1980—2010
Authors: Zubir Zaiyardan
Published: February 2019

Indonesian economic development in the Soeharto’s New Order brought a miracle and absolute poverty. In the case of Indragiri Hulu’s community farmer, that miracle looked up from the massive development oil palm plantation as well as the rapid growth of cities and liveliness of population around the plantation area. While absolute poverty was seen from the deprivation and deforestation of hutan lindung (protected forests), hutan larangan (prohibited forests), hutan adat (customary forests), and hutan ulayat also the expropriation of inhabitan’s land without compensation. Moreover, oil palm plantations changed the status of the surrounding community (from landowners to be labourers), eliminated their additional income, then caused bareforests and flood every rainy.
Deregulasi Bursa Efek Jakarta, 1987—1997
Authors: Rohman Suparjo
Published: February 2019

This paper discussed about deregulations in Jakarta Stock Exchange on periods 1987-1997 that used history method, that comprise with heuristic, critic, interpretation, and historiography. The purposes about this research are to know historicalback ground and the impacts of government’s deregulations toward Jakarta Stock Exchange in 1987 until 1997. The Jakarta Stock Exchange that has activated by Soeharto’s Era have purposes to create equity distribution income. In efforts to achieve this goal, the government set up some rules about capital markets. In practice, these rules caused the Jakarta Stock Exchange experienced a decline. To solve the causeds, the government make deregulation of capital market. Deregulation aimed to eliminating overly burdensome regulation of capital markets. The Deregulation of capital markets is Paket Desember 1987, Paket Desember 1988, SK Menteri Keuangan No. 1055/KMK.013/1989 and S.K. Menteri Keuangan No. 1548/KMK.013/1990. The impact of deregulation, Jakarta Stock Exchange experienced a boom in 1987-1989. In the long-period impact, Jakarta Stock Exchange is open for foreign investors and then subjected to privatization.
Dualisme Pajak di Jawa: Administrasi Pajak Tanah di Wilayah Vorstenlanden pada Masa Kolonial, 1915–1942
Authors: Wahid Abdul
Published: February 2019

Land tax (landrent) was first introduced by British Ruler, Thomas Raffles in 1811/1812, but was later retained by the Government of the Dutch East Indies until the end of its power in 1942. The long history of applying this tax has led to various dynamics from continuous administrative reforms to socio-political resistance from the taxpayer (community). In general, the application of land tax adapted to local economic and political conditions to make it work effectively and efficiently. In the autonomous region of vorstenlanden, the application of land tax became the pull out field of political authority between the Dutch East Indies Colonial Government and the traditional Governments of the Yogyakarta and Surakarta palaces, both of which share political and administrative powers in their respective territories. On the one hand this condition leads to dualism administrative, because the land tax operates as a central tax and local tax, thus potentially causing double tax burdens for local communities. This article seeks to critically examine how the pull out of land tax administration in vorstenlanden and how far the tax became part of the political relations of the colonial state with the indigenous traditional state.
Malaise dan Lambang Kekayaan Ekonomi Penguasa Lokal di Palembang, 1929–1942
Authors: Irwanto Dedi
Published: February 2019

This is an article on economic history, particularly on the economic growth of Palembang’sUluan local elites. But the main focus of the article is to understand and interpret other phenomenon that appeared as the product of that economic growth; its social-cultural implications that was present as a social reality of those economic conditions. It focuses on the creation of emblems of symbolic power in its political and economic manifestations. The emblems of economic wealth is seen as a symbol. As a symbol, this emblem represented meanings with several important functions, not merely as material collection, but also through a sociocultural lense; as the effort to create and contest with its peers or as an asimilative or adaptive process and a process of resistance to other groups that are ‘above’ its structure. The symbolic emblems of local power changed during the depression era of 1929. In a period where significant amount of wealth was lost, theuluan Palembang bucked the trend and appeared as new money (orang kaya baru) with all their new atributes of wealth.
Foreign Investment and the Middle Income Trap in Southeast Asia
Authors: Henley David
Published: February 2019

This article focuses on the post-colonial catch-up by Southeast Asian nations with developed countries. The article offers an analysis of the nature and causes of the middle income trap in Southeast Asia. It discusses various interpretations of this concept, concluding with the dichotomy between laissez-faire and interventionist development strategies. Empirical evidence is provided from the automotive industry in Malaysia and Thailand. Two rival explanations of the lack of strong interventionist policies in Southeast Asia are given, one stressing the weakness of political pressure on national governments, the other linked up with historical patterns of ethnic specialization and division. The argument draws on secondary sources and reflects on implications for the study of Indonesian economic history in the colonial era.
Cross-Cultural Homestay and Challenges to Accept Foreign Settlements in Rural Areas of Japanese Biosphere Reserves; Case of Shiramine Village in Mount Hakusan Biosphere Reserve
Authors: Mammadova Aida
Published: February 2019

We have conducted the Winter and Summer Homestay activities for foreign students inside the rural areas of Mount Hakusan Biosphere Reserve, to evaluate how well local villagers were ready to accept foreigners in their communities. We found a big issue, as no locals were willing to accept students for long homestay. Among the tentative list of 15, only 6 host houses with 18 family members agreed to accept students. We have found that before the homestay activities all villagers were very concerned about the foreigners’ behavior and felt very alerted, but after the homestay program, most of them replied (86%) that they were less concerned, and homestay helped them to raise awareness towards foreigners’ behaviors. We have found that villagers are afraid of foreigners’ behavior more and because for many years the region was isolated from foreigners’ influx, some non-verbal communication can be mistakenly interpreted like “inappropriate” or “rude” actions. This kind of homestay program, was conducted for the first time in the rural area of Mount Hakusan Biosphere Reserve, and we found that real-life experience with foreigners as homestay programs reduced the sense of alertness and raise the awareness towards the foreigners’ behavior.
Patrón de Conducta tipo A, su relación con variables cognitivas
Authors: Garcia Horacio Daniel , Fantin Marina Beatriz
Published: February 2019

El mercado laboral configura una esfera relevante en la vida: los niveles de competencia, idoneidad, responsabilidad y productividad presionan al trabajador en una búsqueda incesante de superación a través de su propia exigencia. Esta investigación intenta indagar la prevalencia del Patrón de conducta tipo A y de las actitudes disfuncionales, así como su posible asociación, en una muestra de trabajadores que desempeñan diversas actividades laborales en la ciudad de San Luis, Argentina. Para este trabajo se fijó un nivel exploratorio, adoptándose para el análisis de los datos un diseño descriptivo y correlacional. La muestra fue de carácter intencional, no probabilística, y estuvo compuesta por 63 trabajadores: 56% fueron hombres mientras que un 44% fueron mujeres, siendo la edad promedio de 31.60 años con una desviación estándar de 6.51. Para evaluar las variables en estudio se aplicó la Escala de Actitudes Disfuncionales de Weissman y Beck (1978), (versión adaptada al castellano por Bas-Ramallo y Andrés, 1994) y el Cuestionario Patrón de Conducta Tipo A de Eysenck y Fulker (1983) (traducido y validado por Romero y León, 1989). En el procedimiento estadístico se obtuvieron valores de media y desviación estándar, Correlación de Pearson y prueba t para establecer posibles diferencias de media entre las variables. Los resultados permitieron identificar en la muestra sugerentes niveles de Tensión, Ambición, Actividad y Ausencia de represión, aspectos particulares que conforman el Patrón de conducta tipo A. Asimismo, se pudo observar que las personas más ambiciosas y activas tienden a caracterizarse por desplegar un conjunto de distorsiones cognitivas que giran en torno al perfeccionismo, a la omnipotencia y a la convicción de que las demás personas deben responder a sus necesidades, datos que confirman la relación entre el Patrón de Conducta A y cierto tipo de distorsiones cognitivas.
The Latin-American view of Positive Psychology
Authors: Castro Solano Alejandro , Lupano-Perugini Maria Laura
Published: February 2019

The present article aims to describe the progress of the study and application of Positive Psychology (PP) in Latin America. On one hand, it is described how the interest in PP has emerged in some Latin American countries such as Argentina, Peru and Mexico, among others. On the other hand, results of a literature review which explore the development of psychological assessments in the region are presented according to PP pillars proposed by Seligman (2002, 2009): positive emotions, positive traits, positive institutions and positive relationships (social life). Mexico, Chile, Brazil and Argentina appeared to be the countries with the highest levels of scientific production related to PP and the topics most frequently studied are psychological well-being, interpersonal relationships and psychotherapeutic interventions.
Representación Social de Condiciones y Experiencias Vitales Fuente de Felicidad en Chile e Italia
Authors: Rodríguez Araneda María José
Published: February 2019

La investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender y describir cualitativamente la representación social de las condiciones y experiencias vitales fuente de la felicidad en los discursos de agentes socializadores en  materia de bienestar y calidad de vida.  Se analizó además si estas atribuciones se condicen con  los hallazgos aportados desde la  psicología positiva. El estudio fue no experimental, transeccional, transcultural y cualitativo con muestras no probabilísticas de estudiantes y profesionales de la salud y la educación en Chile e Italia. Se aplicaron cuestionarios de preguntas abiertas a estudiantes de ambos sexos de carreras de psicología, obstetricia y afines de entre 18 y 38  años de edad. Se  realizaron grupos focales con estudiantes y profesionales de ambos sexos,  incluyendo educadores, psicólogos y profesionales afines, con edades entre los 22 y 67 años. Las personas atribuyeron  la felicidad a condiciones externas (afectos y la libertad personal) e internas (capital psicológico). Entre las fuentes de la felicidad el discurso equilibró experiencias de satisfacción por suscepción (rol pasivo), como por realización (rol activo). Los alcances de dichas experiencias variaron de lo individual a lo colectivo.  Se identificó un núcleo común de la representación social para ambos colectivos, que incluyó elementos que la psicología positiva ha relacionado a la felicidad.  Esta información orienta la formación de los profesionales que ejercen influencia en los estilos de vida de la población.
Ansiedad Social Consumo Riesgoso de Alcohol en Adolescentes Mexicanos
Authors: Jiménez-López. Leticia María , Jurado Cárdenas Samuel
Published: February 2019

Gradualmente se incrementa la investigación acerca de la fobia social, argumentando asociación entre ésta y diversas medidas de disfuncionalidad. Se obtuvieron datos sociodemográficos, mediciones de ansiedad social y  de consumo de alcohol, de 3164 adolescentes mexicanos escolarizados voluntarios (hombres y mujeres) entre 12 y 18 años de edad (  = 14.7, DE 1.7), turno escolar (matutino o vespertino) y actividades extracurriculares (realizar o no actividades deportivas, artísticas y tener o no una relación de noviazgo). Se formaron dos grupos: el primero con bajo y el segundo con alto grado de ansiedad social, y se compararon sus niveles de consumo de alcohol, encontrando que: contrario a lo que establece la literatura del tema en adultos, el patrón de consumo de alcohol en los grupos de adolescentes de alta y baja ansiedad social, no presentó diferencias estadísticamente significativas (X2 = 1.201, gl = 2, p = .361). Probablemente, las diferencias reportadas en el consumo de alcohol entre adultos social y no socialmente ansiosos, surjan sólo en ciertas variantes de la fobia social, o bien, se requiere de otras variables mediadoras,  entre fobia social y el consumo abusivo de alcohol.
Efectos de las relaciones de condicionalidad en tareas de igualación de la muestra
Authors: Serrano Vargas Mario Amado , Montes Castro Edgar Eduardo
Published: February 2019

El presente estudio evaluó si la transferencia del comportamiento depende de la complejidad funcional de la tarea inicial. Cuatro grupos de estudiantes universitarios fueron expuestos a tareas de igualación de la muestra y dos tipos de ensayos de transferencia: intramodal/extrarelacional y extramodal/extrarelacional. Entre grupos, las tareas difirieron tanto en las relaciones de condicionalidad (i.e., discriminación condicional versus discriminación simple) como en los requisitos de respuesta (i.e., instrumental versus observacional). Los porcentajes de respuestas correctas más elevados en las pruebas de transferencia se observaron para el grupo expuesto a la situación de discriminación condicional y el requisito de respuesta instrumental. Los resultados se discuten en relación con estudios previos sobre los efectos de contingencias intrasituacionales sobre el comportamiento lingüísticamente regulado y la variabilidad.
Adquisición y transferencia de una discriminación condicional de segundo orden en distintos modos de lenguaje
Authors: Gómez Fuentes Agustín Daniel , Ribes Iñesta. Emilio
Published: February 2019

Se evaluó la interacción funcional de los modos activos (señalar, hablar, escribir) y reactivos (observar, escuchar, leer) del lenguaje en un procedimiento de discriminación condicional de segundo orden. Se planearon dos experimentos en los que se comparó intra y entre sujetos la eficacia relativa de cada modo activo, con o sin el reactivo correspondiente. Participaron 24 niños, experimentalmente ingenuos, de ambos sexos, de 8 a 12 años de edad. Se utilizó un diseño con preprueba y posprueba, tres secuencias de aprendizaje y pruebas de transferencia. Los resultados mostraron porcentajes elevados de respuestas correctas de igualación en adquisición, mantenimiento y transferencia, mayores cuando se empleó la retroalimentación reactiva. La mayor translatividad tuvo lugar de escribir a hablar. Las diferencias en adquisición de una discriminación condicional dependen del modo lingüístico y de la ausencia o presencia de la retroalimentación reactiva.
Engagement y síndrome de desgaste ocupacional: su relación con la socialización organizacional y resiliencia psicológica
Authors: Villavicencio-Ayub Erika , Jurado Cárdenas Samuel , Valencia Cruz. Alejandra
Published: February 2019

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los niveles de engagement en el trabajo en las organizaciones ubicadas en la Ciudad de México, usando pruebas estandarizadas, para determinar su relación con la ocurrencia del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional (SDO), la socialización organizacional (SO), y la resiliencia psicológica. A una muestra de 1110 empleados se le aplicaron: el Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, el Inventario de Socialización Organizacional, la Escala de Desgaste Ocupacional, y la Escala de Resiliencia Mexicana. El análisis de trayectorias mediante ecuaciones estructurales tuvo buen ajuste al modelo y arrojó relaciones causales entre las diferentes variables, específicamente, estábamos interesados en ver si la SO y la Resiliencia influyen en la ocurrencia del engagement. El modelo mostró un buen ajuste a los datos y sugirió que la SO y la resiliencia afectan positivamente al engagement en el trabajo. Por el contrario, todas estas mediciones fueron disminuidas en los casos de SDO, confirmando también que el engagement se comporta en forma positiva y opuesta al SDO.  Estos hallazgos pueden ser utilizados para diseñar intervenciones efectivas para prevenir el SDO y promover comportamientos positivos como el engagement.
Efectos de la Escopolamina en la transmisión Social de Preferencias Alimentarias
Authors: Venegas-Pérez Julio , Hermosillo-García Ángela , Pérez Reyes José Eduardo , Romero Luna Verónica Viviana , Ortega-Saavedra Guadalupe , Cruz-Morales Sara E , Arriaga-Ramírez Pedro
Published: February 2019

Las ratas deben alimentarse de forma adaptativa, elegir comidas seguras y evitar comidas venenosas. El paradigma de transmisión social de preferencias alimenticias es útil para estudiar el aprendizaje y la memoria. Algunos estudios han encontrado que las asociaciones que se forman en ese paradigma son ejemplos de memoria declarativa. La escopolamina produce interferencia en el aprendizaje y en la consolidación de las memorias en diferentes tareas. En este experimento evaluamos el efecto de una dosis de la droga sobre la memoria formada en varios ensayos en este paradigma. En tres grupos evaluamos el efecto de administrar salina o escopolamina con un grupo control que no recibió tratamiento. Los resultados mostraron que la dosis de escopolamina interfirió con la consolidación de una serie de ensayos en la transmisión de preferencia. Discutimos el efecto en relación a diferentes estudios que utilizaron diversas tareas. Los resultados apoyan que la escopolamina deterioró la consolidación de la transmisión social de preferencia.
Estructura y validez de las normas jurídicas, según Rupert Schreiber
Authors: García Máynez Eduardo
Published: February 2019

Estructura y validez de las normas jurídicas, según Rupert Schreiber
José Ferrater Mora, La filosofía en el mundo de hoy
Authors: Gaos José
Published: February 2019

José Ferrater Mora, La filosofía en el mundo de hoy
La significación del concepto de sentido en la doctrina práctica de los postulados de Kant
Authors: Lauth Reinhard
Published: February 2019

La significación del concepto de sentido en la doctrina práctica de los postulados de Kant
Reflexiones sobre la crítica de Bergbohm a la doctrina del derecho natural II
Authors: Llambías de Azevedo Juan
Published: February 2019

Reflexiones sobre la crítica de Bergbohm a la doctrina del derecho natural II
Incognoscibles y atomismo lógico
Authors: Ambrose Alice
Published: February 2019

Incognoscibles y atomismo lógico
Breve historia del Centro de Estudios Filosóficos
Authors: García Máynez Eduardo
Published: February 2019

Breve historia del Centro de Estudios Filosóficos
William L. Reese (ed.), Philosophy of Science, The Delaware Seminar, vol. 2
Authors: Hernández Luis Octavio
Published: February 2019

William L. Reese (ed.), Philosophy of Science, The Delaware Seminar, vol. 2
Enrico Castelli, Simboli e immagini. Studi di filosofia dell'arte sacra
Authors: Manrique Jorge Alberto
Published: February 2019

Enrico Castelli, Simboli e immagini. Studi di filosofia dell'arte sacra
Lenguaje y significado en El ser y el tiempo de Heidegger
Authors: Salmerón Fernando
Published: February 2019

Lenguaje y significado en El ser y el tiempo de Heidegger
Jorge Enjuto Bernal, La filosofía de Alfred North Whitehead
Authors: Xirau Ramón
Published: February 2019

Jorge Enjuto Bernal, La filosofía de Alfred North Whitehead
Max Black, Modelos y metáforas
Authors: Villanueva Enrique
Published: February 2019

Max Black, Modelos y metáforas
El método científico de análisis y síntesis
Authors: S. Hartman Robert
Published: February 2019

El método científico de análisis y síntesis
A.N. Whitehead y la metafísica
Authors: Enjuto Jorge
Published: February 2019

A.N. Whitehead y la metafísica
Azar, probabilidad y ley
Authors: Bunge Mario
Published: February 2019

Azar, probabilidad y ley
La predicción y sus consecuencias
Authors: De Gortari Eli
Published: February 2019

La predicción y sus consecuencias
Hans Michael Baumgartner, J.G. Fichte-Bibliographie
Authors: Navarro Bernabé
Published: February 2019

Hans Michael Baumgartner, J.G. Fichte-Bibliographie
Roderick M. Chisholm, Theory of Knowledge
Authors: Trejo Wonfilio
Published: February 2019

Roderick M. Chisholm, Theory of Knowledge
Los lenguajes de la historia
Authors: Ferrater Mora José
Published: February 2019

Los lenguajes de la historia
José Gaos. Sobre El origen y la historia de la filosofía
Authors: Rukser Udo
Published: February 2019

José Gaos. Sobre El origen y la historia de la filosofía
El pensamiento griego en la obra de José Gaos
Authors: Navarro Bernabé
Published: February 2019

El pensamiento griego en la obra de José Gaos
Metodología formal y metodología dialéctica en la investigación estética
Authors: Bueno Miguel
Published: February 2019

Metodología formal y metodología dialéctica en la investigación estética
Consignas, devoluciones y calificaciones: los problemas de la evaluación en las aulas de educación primaria en América Latina.
Authors: Ravela Pedro
Published: February 2019

Resumen. El propósito del artículo es discutir tres aspectos centrales de la práctica de la evaluación en el aula: a) las consignas que los maestros proponen a los alumnos para evaluar su aprendizaje; b) el tipo de devolución que realizan a sus estudiantes; y, c) el uso de las calificaciones. La discusión se apoya, por un lado, en una revisión de literatura sobre el tema y, por otro, en un amplio banco de información recogida en el marco de una investigación realizada en aulas de 6° grado de Primaria en ocho países de América Latina. El artículo ilustra, con evidencia empírica, tres problemas principales de las prácticas de evaluación: el carácter puramente escolar y descontextualizado de las actividades de evaluación, la ausencia de devoluciones de carácter formativa y la arbitrariedad y falta de significado de las calificaciones.
Descripción de características demográficas y clínicas de una cohorte pacientes fallecidos por infección respiratoria aguda en Colombia durante los años 2009 a 2013
Authors: Amaya Santiago Héctor Julio , Barbosa Juliana , Saavedra Trujillo Carlos Humberto
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas, demográficas, aislamientos virales y hallazgos de histopatología de individuos que fallecieron por Infección Respiratoria Aguda (IRA) y que fueron notificados al Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS) entre los años 2009 y 2013.Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, basado en la revisión de fichas epidemiológicas y reportes de estudios de virología e histopatología de muestras respiratorias de individuos fallecidos con diagnóstico de IRAResultados: De 1604 personas fallecidas se encontró que, 55% fueron hombres, 46,5% de los individuos tenía entre 20 y 59 años. La RT-PCR fue positiva en 18,3% de los casos, los virus más frecuentes fueron: influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 13,9%, A(H3N3) 1,9% e influenza B 0,5%. La letalidad de IRA fue mayor en los individuos que recibieron antiviral o antibiótico OR 2,80 (IC 95% 2,29 - 3,43) y 3,19 (IC 95% 2,63 – 3,86), respectivamente.Conclusión: El virus influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 fue el principal agente identificado en los casos fatales de IRA confirmada por laboratorio durante los años 2009 a 2013, con mayor letalidad en individuos entre 20 y 59 años; 64,7% de los casos fatales presentaron neumonitis. Se debe aclarar si el inicio de antivirales afecta el pronóstico en los casos graves de IRA.
Metanálisis de pruebas inmunológicas para el diagnóstico de la infección por Paracoccidioides, 1972-2017
Authors: Higuita-Gutiérrez Luis Felipe , Quintero-Quinchía Catherine , Madera-Miranda Iván Camilo , Cardona-Arias Jaiberth Antonio
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: Evaluar la validez diagnóstica de las pruebas inmunológicas en la infección por Paracoccidioides, a partir de un metaanálisis de la literatura publicada entre 1972-2017.Métodos: Se realizó un metanálisis según las fases de identificación, tamización, elección e inclusión descritas en la guía PRISMA. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica con la guía QUADAS y se garantizó la reproducibilidad en la selección de estudios y extracción de la información. Se estimó la sensibilidad, especificidad, razones de verosimilitud, OR diagnóstica y área bajo la curva ROC usando Meta-DiSc.Resultados: Se identificaron 21 estudios que evaluaron 32 pruebas diagnósticas con una población de 1.404 individuos sanos, 2.415 con otras infecciones y 2.337 con Paracoccidioides. La mayoría de pacientes son de Brasil y Colombia. Las pruebas analizadas incluyen inmunodifusión, western blot, ELISA, aglutinación en látex. Las pruebas presentaron una sensibilidad y especificidad superior al 90%, razón de verosimilitud positiva y negativa de 24,7 y 0,08 respectivamente. La OR diagnóstica fue 495,9 y el área bajo la curva de 0,99. En la meta-regresión por tipo de antígeno se encontró que las mezclas de antígenos y el gp43 presentaron resultados satisfactorios en todos los parámetros; por su parte, los que utilizaron el antígeno p27 no presentaron resultados aceptables en ninguno de los parámetros.Conclusión: La elevada validez diagnóstica hallada en las pruebas serológicas que utilizan mezclas de antígenos o gp43 purificada evidencia la pertinencia de su uso en clínica y en programas de tamización.
Detección del virus Epstein Barr en escolares adolescentes en la ciudad de Cali, Colombia
Authors: Giraldo-Ocampo Sebastián , Osorio Julio C. , Fernández Adrián , Castillo Andres
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: Detectar el virus Epstein-Barr en estudiantes de secundaria entre los 14 y 17 años de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia y su posible asociación con la edad, sexo y grado escolar.Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de corte transversal en donde se analizaron 374 muestras de saliva, tomadas entre el año 2015 y 2016, mediante PCR convencional y PCR en Tiempo real. Se evalúo la asociación entre la detección del ADN viral y las características demográficas, además de un análisis de razón de oportunidades para evaluar la medida de la asociación.Resultados: El ADN viral fue detectado en el 45% (167/374) de las muestras orales, encontrándose una presencia viral mayor en los escolares de los grados octavo y noveno (p=0,004); en donde los estudiantes de 14 años presentaron un riesgo de 2,4 veces mayor para la detección del virus (IC 95%:1,12-4,9) en comparación con los estudias de más edad.Conclusión: En el presente estudio se evidencio la exposición del VEB en la cavidad oral de estudiantes de secundaria, lo cual hace necesario que se tomen acciones de vigilancia que permitan monitorear las implicaciones de estos hallazgos en la salud de los escolares.
SHORT TERM ICU MORTALITY AND PATIENTSâ€™S CHARACTERISTICS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN A COLLEGE HOSPITAL
Authors: SULTAN INTESSAR , A. ALGHAMD FERAS , F. ALTHUBITY ABDULAZIZ , H. ALGHAMDI WAEEL , A. MAHMOUD D BASAM
Published: February 2019

Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are extremely ill, need frequent monitoring and support, and has the highest reported hospital mortality rates. The aim of the study was to evaluate the characteristics of ICU patients and their short-term mortality. This retrospective study was performed in 2018 at IbnSina National College Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Records of 74 ICU patients hospitalized from January to August 2018 were reviewed for demography, clinical and laboratory data, mechanical ventilation (MV), use of vasopressor, length of stay, and short-term mortality. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was calculated. Results showed that most ICU patients were nonelderly (85.1%) men (79.7%) with diabetes (50.7%) and hypertension (44%). The main causes of admission were DKA (21.6%) and neurological (21.6%) emergencies. Only 10.8% received vasopressors but no MV. Short term mortality was 12.2% including only men with significantly high odds ratio in patients older than 40 (p=0.04), cardiac (p=0.008) or hepatic diseases (p=0.003), high SOFA score (>8) (p=0.008), and duration of admission >2 days (p=0.034). In conclusion, our mortality rate was within the lower limit of the globally reported rate of 6-40%; probably because of non-elderly age, associated comorbidities, frequent admission of DKA, infrequent need for vasopressor, and absent need for MV. Mortality was related to old age, underlying cardiac or hepatic diseases, long stay in ICU, and high Sofa score
A POÉTICA DO ICONOTEXTO: UM ENTRE-LUGAR PARA TEXTO E IMAGEM EM PATHÉ-BABY, DE ANTÓNIO DE ALCÂNTARA MACHADO
Authors: Zamberlan Lucas Da Cunha
Published: February 2019

Este trabalho objetiva analisar as inter-relações entre imagem e texto no livro Pathé-Baby (1926), de António de Alcântara Machado. Para tanto, foi recrutado um aporte teórico oriundo dos estudos sobre a intermidialidade, a partir do conceito de iconotexto proposto por Liliane Louvel em A descrição “pictural”: por uma poética do iconotexto (2006) e Nuanças do pictural (2012). Considerando os resultados obtidos, avaliam-se, de maneira geral, as potencialidades imagéticas proporcionadas pelo discurso verbal e, em particular, os variados graus de picturalidade existentes nas descrições da obra, o que caracteriza, de forma intrincada, o florescimento de uma poética do iconotexto na narrativa.
Apresentação
Authors: Azerêdo Genilda , Corseuil Anelise
Published: February 2019

A chamada para o presente dossiê, intitulado “Cinema, literatura e transposições interculturais”, previa a reunião de textos que discutissem as diversas relações entre cinema, literatura e interculturalidade em articulação com o potencial subversivo e desestabilizador das narrativas. Após a seleção dos artigos submetidos, acolhemos textos com abordagem comparativa (adaptação fílmica; cinema e psicanálise; literatura e intermidialidade) e abordagem específica dos contextos literário e fílmico, mas sempre tendo em mente relações intermidiáticas que ressaltam, por exemplo, signos imagéticos e picturais em um texto literário ou signos narrativos audiovisuais em diálogo com signos verbais – como ilustra a presença do poema de Pablo Neruda, em A teta assustada, no artigo que discute três filmes do recente cinema latinoamericano.
O CORPO NEGRO COMO LÓCUS DA NEGAÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE
Authors: Alves Érica Fernandes , FERREIRA Geniane Diamante Ferreira
Published: February 2019

O corpo negro sempre foi, desde o momento de encontro do conquistador e dos povos não-brancos, e ainda é a base para as inserções do racismo e discriminação na sociedade. Em se tratando do corpo negro feminino, salienta-se que ele produz o discurso da sensualização, do desejo e da libido e observamos que a aceitação dele como algo indiferente ao caráter das mulheres ainda é um impasse para que as relações humanas sejam igualitárias. Desse modo, a sociedade, encabeçada pela mídia e indústrias de cosméticos e de moda, transmite aos indivíduos uma dura regra que exclui, diversas vezes, as características dos corpos negros como um padrão de beleza: os cabelos encaracolados são rotulados como ‘ruins’ ou ‘rebeldes’, estando sempre sujeitos aos alisamentos e clareamentos; os traços negros devem ser suavizados pela maquiagem que suaviza os narizes alargados e lábios muito volumosos; a pele negra é branqueada pela maquiagem que insiste em esconder o escuro e valorizar o tom claro, a moda destinada ao público negro, muitas vezes, é imbuída da ideologia do exótico, do falso multicultural. Tudo isso faz com que o negro tenha dificuldades em aceitar sua negritude, a ponto de buscar incessantemente o branqueamento para que possa pertencer à sociedade que prega, ainda hoje, a eugenia. Assim sendo, este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar dois poemas em língua inglesa que discutem a questão da imposição do branqueamento e o apagamento das características dos corpos negros como meio de aceitação na sociedade, a saber: “Kinky Hair Blues”, de Una Marson e “if your complexion is a mess”, de Harryette Mullen. A metodologia se baseia na discussão e aplicação das teorias sobre racismo, discriminação e identidade desenvolvidas por Hooks, Davies, Hall, entre outros. Os resultados revelam que o corpo se figura como lócus da construção da identidade do negro, porém, ele deve negar sua cor e sua identidade para que tenha condições de pertencer à sociedade em que está inserido.
História da sexualidade feminina no Brasil: entre tabus, mitos e verdades
Authors: Lima de Oliveira Edicleia , Martins Rezende Jaqueline , Peres Gonçalves Josiane
Published: February 2019

Na atualidade as mulheres veem conquistando autonomia e independência, entretanto nem sempre foi assim, pois por muito tempo as mulheres foram ensinadas a oprimirem seus sentimentos, vontades e desejos. Nota-se que aconteceram diversas mudanças em relação à educação sexual das mesmas, despertando assim o interesse em melhor entender essa temática. Por conseguinte, o presente estudo tem por objetivo refletir sobre a história da sexualidade feminina no Brasil, suas transformações e evoluções em seu contexto social e cultural. O estudo é composto por pesquisa bibliográfica norteada em autores como, Aran (2003), Trindade e Ferreira (2008), Pedro (2003) dentre outros e pesquisa de campo, realizada por meio da aplicação de questionários com nove mulheres, entre acadêmicas e professoras de uma Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Ao final deste estudo, evidencia-se que a sexualidade feminina obedece a padrões próprios de determinadas épocas, sendo que por vezes as mulheres se veem obrigadas ter uma postura passiva e de castidade. Contudo, atualmente consegue-se discutir a sexualidade feminina de forma mais natural, porém, percebe-se que esta ainda está circundada por mitos e tabus. Apesar dos ideais de igualdade entre os sexos a sexualidade feminina ainda encontra-se historicamente repressiva.
Gênero e sexualidades nos livros didáticos de Sociologia aprovados pelo PNLD 2015
Authors: Kremer Natan Schmitz , Domingos Heloisa , Abrao Rachel Tomás dos Santos , Macedo Diane , Pisani Mariane
Published: February 2019

Propomos analisar como Gênero e Sexualidades emergem nos livros didáticos de Sociologia aprovados no PNLD 2015. Dos seis livros, apenas três (Sociologia; Sociologia em Movimento; Sociologia para Jovens do Século XXI) dedicam capítulos inteiros aos estudos de Gênero e Sexualidades; nos outros (Tempos Modernos, Tempos de Sociologia; Sociologia Hoje; Sociologia para o Ensino Médio) encontramos fragmentado nos demais capítulos. Em Sociologia, focando-se em Família e Parentesco, encontramos diálogo com teóricos clássicos (Durkheim, Giddens, Bourdieu), mas reduzida referência à epistemologia feminista. Em Sociologia em Movimento há constante relação com trabalho e feminismo classista, observável no referencial teórico (Angela Davis, Elisabeth Lobo, Cristina Brueschini). Por fim, em Sociologia para Jovens do Século XXI, dá-se mais atenção aos estudos de gênero, com diálogo entre autoras clássicas e contemporâneas, mostrando a trajetória dos conceitos, além da influência de outras áreas, como Kinsey/Psicologia.
Casada consigo mesma: mulheres palhaças e a busca de uma comicidade feminista
Authors: Do Nascimento Maria
Published: February 2019

O presente artigo realiza uma reflexão acerca da intervenção artística de palhaças “Casada Consigo Mesma”, criada pela Cia. Asfalto de Poesia. São subsídios para esta análise: o histórico da presença das mulheres na arte da palhaçaria, o estudo dos recursos específicos da linguagem da palhaçaria, as ideias de comicidade e riso e o conceito de paródia. Investiga-se os recursos empregados para a criação de repertório e a consequente renovação da dramaturgia existente nesta linguagem, esboçando o conceito de uma comicidade feminista. Também se analisa as maneiras pelas quais a intervenção artística desestabiliza as imposições ao gênero feminino referentes à instituição do casamento e a padrões de beleza, consolidando-se como uma ferramenta para experiências de uma comicidade feminista.

Palhavras-chave: Mulher. Palhaçaria. Casamento. Comicidade feminista.
As notícias sobre o mundo na GloboNews: da teoria do agendamento à construção social da realidade
Authors: Cavalcanti Ana Carolina Vanderlei
Published: February 2019

A proposta deste artigo é refletir sobre como os telejornais da GloboNews¸ canal de notícias da Rede Globo na TV fechada e pioneira neste segmento no país, apresentam o mundo para a audiência brasileira. Procura-se problematizar a teoria do agendamento, a relação da emissora com agências internacionais de imagens para televisão, bem como entender o papel de editores, apresentadores, comentaristas, correspondentes e enviados especiais como pilares da mediação entre o que acontece fora do país e os assinantes do canal. Além disso, busca-se apontar pistas sobre como a GloboNews constrói suas narrativas no noticiário internacional.

Palavras-chave: Cobertura internacional. Telejornalismo. GloboNews. Agendamento. Construção social da realidade.