bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human Resources Management Practices (HRMP) and Disaster Preparedness of Accommodation Establishment in Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro
Authors: Claveria Michelle M.
Published: January 2025

There was a potential research gap in the theoretical knowledge of the social impact of socially responsible HRM practices and disaster preparedness. The literature review also indicates that few studies have explored the influence of employees’ perceived socially responsible HRM on individual employees’ attitudes and behaviors, such as organizational identification and job performance. Most previous studies on socially responsible HRM focused on its relationship with employee organizational citizenship behavior, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, well–being, and turnover intention. There are research gaps in the context of accommodation establishment in Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro, Philippines despite the glowing understanding of the significance of disaster preparedness and HRMP. Hence, the study aims to determine the Human Resources Management Practices (HRMP) and disaster preparedness of accommodation establishments in Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro. The study used descriptive correlational methods research. The respondents of the study are the supervisors, managers, and staff in the total of 30 respondents in selected accommodation establishments in Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro. The researchers used a self-prepared research instrument. Mean was used to summarize and responses and Cronbach Alpha was used to calculate by taking a score from each scale item and correlating it with the total score for each observation. Results showed that the relationship between human resource management practices and disaster preparedness in accommodation establishments underscores the multifaceted approach required to mitigate risks, ensure employee and guest safety, and maintain operational continuity during emergencies.
The Therapeutic Potential of Aqueous Extract of Fig Leaves in the Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: hashimi Hadeel Tahseen Al- , Merie Ghufran Mohammed Sadee , Saadi Ali M
Published: January 2025

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is one serious side effect of diabetes mellitus that raises morbidity and medical expenses. As a result of the unsatisfactory results of current therapy tactics, which frequently involve wound care, antibiotics, and surgical procedures, new therapeutic approaches are being investigated. Potential therapeutic benefits such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing actions have drawn attention to the aqueous extract of fig (Ficus carica) leaves. Fig leaf extracts may speed up wound healing by promoting collagen production, reducing oxidative stress, and boosting cell proliferation. The antibacterial qualities of the extract further help in preventing infections, which are a frequent consequence of DFUs. Even though initial results are encouraging, more clinical research is required to determine the safety and effectiveness of fig leaf aqueous extract in the management of diabetic foot ulcers. Potential application of this natural cure might provide a supplement approach to existing treatment plans, enhancing patient results and quality of life.
Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets of Cytokine Storms in Bacterial Infections
Authors: Merie Ghufran Mohammed Sadee , hashimi Hadeel Tahseen Al- , Saadi Ali M
Published: January 2025

It is possible that the abstract of the paper "Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets of Cytokine Storms in Bacterial Infections" encapsulates the main conclusions and revelations about the function of cytokine storms in relation to bacterial infections. It could go over the processes that cause cytokine storms, how they affect the host's immune system, and possible treatment targets that could lessen the negative consequences of these storms. A succinct description of cytokine storms and their significance in bacterial infections. A succinct description of cytokine storms and their significance in bacterial infections. Talk about possible tactics and remedies for controlling or averting cytokine storms. a synopsis of how these findings may affect clinical practice and future study.
Notes on the History of Conservation of Nature in Bulgaria: Establishment of Natural Reserves
Authors:   St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, Petrov Galin
Published: January 2025

A brief overview of the history of establishment of nature reserves and formation of the contemporary reserve network in Bulgaria is presented. On this basis, some periods of particular intensification of this activity and those with a very low intensity are differentiated. Typical features can be highlighted for each of the periods. The trends in the changes in the areas of natural reserves are discussed. This activity and these trends are related to the changes in the legislation protecting nature in the country.
Emotional Arousal among Football Coaches and Players for Youth Clubs in Diyala Governorate
Authors:   College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Diyala University, Diyala, 32001, Iraq, Gecko Al-Abadi Ali Khalifa , Sabea Al-Kartani Ahmed Oreibi ,   College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Diyala University, Diyala, 32001, Iraq., Raad Fakhry Sabaa Hisham ,   Faculty of Information Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq.
Published: January 2025

Among the important and circulating topics in the field of sports psychology, which has great importance in terms of its impact on the level of the athlete, is emotional arousal, which is considered one of the important topics that affect negatively or positively the level of development of the game and to achieve the best achievements and results. As emotional arousal is one of the main factors Which has a direct influence on the level of performance of coaches and players because it does not go at one pace, but we find it high at times and low at other times for many reasons, including the level of the team, the level of the opponent, the location of the match, and the audience present, especially during the establishment of sports tournaments.

This research aims to investigate the emotional arousal of the coaches and football players of the youth forums in Diyala and the extent of this variable's relationship to the team's arrangement in the youth forums championship.

The research assumes that there is a discrepancy in the emotional arousal index of coaches and players, because the players are more emotionally aroused than the coaches.

The researchers used: The descriptive approach in the style of survey studies within his study, due to its suitability to the subject of the research study. 30) a player from the youth forums, as the sample was distributed to six youth forums (Baquba Youth Forum, Al-Khalis, Kanaan, Khan Bani Saad, Mandali, Baladruz) for Diyala youth football clubs.
The Role of Intellectual Capital in Achieving Excellence in the Work of Accounting units in the Directorate of Diyala Municipality - Muqdadiya Municipality - as an Applied Model
Authors:   Accounting Department, Bilad Alrafidain University College, Diyala, 32001, Iraq., Naguib Rashid Lama , H. AL-Samurai Maida ,   Accounting Department, Bilad Alrafidain University College, Diyala, 32001, Iraq., kendory Emad ,   College of Management an Economic, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq
Published: January 2025

This research explored the relationship between intellectual capital and its impact on achieving a competitive advantage in the knowledge of economy, specifically in municipal departments. The study tested hypotheses using the statistical analysis program SPSS. The results indicated a significant relationship between investment in intellectual capital and the ability of government departments to deliver exceptional services to the community. The F test showed a highly significant level at 0.01, with a value of 12.739. The coefficient of determination was 0.581 and the β coefficient was 0.193, indicating that a change in intellectual capital by one unit is associated with a 0.193 change in exceptional service delivery to society. The regression constant (α) was 2.997.
The Impact of Knowledge Economy Sectors in the Structure of the National Economy
Authors:   Accounting department, Bilad Alrafidain University Collage, Diyala, 10001, Iraq., Hasan Alwan Muhsin
Published: January 2025

This research aims to focusing on the knowledge economy and the digital economy، which is characterized by an abundance of knowledge، which carries with its great opportunities that help improve and revive the national economy. Mechanical advances have assisted with proceeding to drive the economy forward. This has been all made more beneficial interaction among partnerships and countries; this permit created and emerging countries the same to tackle innovation all the more effectively, with the assumption for making better expectations of living for all interested parties. The economy-based knowledge aims to establish a real value for wages and salaries to expand the use of highly professional skilled work force that interacts with continuous education and training. The research relies on a descriptive approach to determine the nature of the knowledge economy, its concept and indicator, and the extent to which Iraq is heading towards it, as well as using the inductive approach to predict the ability of the economies of those countries to shift towards it by benefiting from the experiences of other countries by using statistical tools to search the analysis steps.
Electronic Arbitration and a Means to Resolve Disputes in Financial Transactions
Authors:   Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat University, Al Najaf, 54001, Iraq., Muhammad Hamza Istabraq , Ayed Hassan Rasem ,   Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat University, Al Najaf, 54001, Iraq.
Published: January 2025

The conclusion of financial transactions electronically raises many problems that may arise between its parties due to the medium through which it takes place, provided that these transactions include in their contracts a clause stating the possibility of resolving disputes by electronic arbitration, or the parties agree to resort to electronic arbitration after the dispute has occurred, that is, the parties to the dispute agree to resort to electronic arbitration either within a special condition of the contract, but there is nothing to prevent the agreement on arbitration being contained within a document containing the arbitration clause and considering it an integral part of the contract or in the terms of the original contract, but what counts is the agreement before the dispute arose, or the agreement of the parties to resort to arbitration in a dispute has already arisen between them, and it is subject to the general rules that regulate the provisions of the electronic contract, which is conducted through electronic means, that is, the contract concluded remotely takes place through the exchange of goods and services between the supplier and the consumer through the special rules that regulate the sale via the Internet until the completion of the contract.
Descrição da veia safena anterior: relato de caso
Authors: Pimenta Helder Bindá , Coelho Maria Clara Damasceno Moreira , Lima Dhébora Corrêa Fortes Bonates , Basilio Giovanna Regina Melo , Nascimento Éwerton Therson Lima do , Galucio Ana Carolina de Souza , Bridi Karoliny Silva , Tavares Ariane de Paula Oliveira , Alvarenga Kátia , Sousa Igor Bruno Santiago de , Leão Victor Monteiro de Andrade , Bezerra Luiz Gabriel Goes , Nascimento Vitor Cunha , Miranda Maria Clara Torres
Published: January 2025

O conhecimento aprofundado das variações anatômicas na drenagem venosa superficial do corpo humano é essencial para práticas clínicas e cirúrgicas de precisão. Neste estudo de caso, foi identificada a presença da veia safena anterior no segmento da perna direita de um cadáver masculino proveniente do laboratório de anatomia humana da UEA. Segundo a literatura, a veia safena magna geralmente se origina da união entre o arco venoso dorsal do pé e a veia digital dorsal medial do hálux. No entanto, o sistema venoso dos membros inferiores é notoriamente complexo, apresentando padrões anatômicos com frequentes variações estruturais. Dada essa complexidade, a identificação e o reconhecimento de variações, como malformações congênitas, são indispensáveis para a prática médica. Durante seu trajeto pela perna e coxa, a veia safena magna recebe várias tributárias e forma anastomoses com a veia safena parva, reforçando sua relevância no retorno venoso. Apesar disso, o conhecimento detalhado sobre suas duplicações ainda é escasso, evidenciando a necessidade de estudos anatômicos mais abrangentes para elucidar sua formação, trajeto e características morfológicas. Tais investigações são fundamentais para subsidiar abordagens cirúrgicas e terapêuticas mais seguras e eficazes.
José Manuel Jiménez Cabello. El fenómeno de la custodia compartida en Andalucía. Sevilla: Fundación Centro de Estudios Andaluces, 2024
Authors: Castro-Fernández Paloma
Published: January 2025

La reseña del libro "El fenómeno de la custodia compartida en Andalucía", escrito por José Manuel Jiménez Cabello, aborda los principales temas recogidos en este trabajo siguiendo el orden secuencial que presenta el mismo. En esta investigación, se debate el aumento de la modalidad de custodia compartida en procesos de divorcio con hijos menores, el papel de los operadores jurídicos, y los cambios en la estructura familiar, desde un análisis de las principales estadísticas, el mapa discursivo de agentes implicados en el proceso judicial, y las actas de negociaciones. Además de los temas, factores y técnicas presentados, se subrayan las principales aportaciones del autor a este área de estudio, así como las limitaciones del trabajo.
Mirando el monocultivo del olivar: políticas públicas en torno a una producción privada
Authors: Quesada Aguilar Juan Sergio , Anta Félez José Luis
Published: January 2025

El olivar, por su extensión e importancia económica es determinante en la sociedad jiennense. Su magnitud ha generado debates de largo alcance, en el tiempo y en la forma, entorno a los que sostienen su imbricación necesaria con la provincia frente a los que defienden que este cultivo constituye un lastre para su desarrollo. La existencia de un cultivo-paisaje determinado por la acción antrópica, en el que confluyen políticas públicas con la búsqueda de la mayor rentabilidad en la explotación de la tierra, en la mayoría de los casos, frente a otros casos donde se convierte en la aparentemente única alternativa posible, ha llevado a la identificación del cultivo con el ser de Jaén, algo no solo potenciado sino deseado por los poderes públicos, que han visto en el olivar y su cultura una oportunidad de construir unas señas de identidad comunes.
VIOLÊNCIA ESCOLAR: UMA QUESTÃO DE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA
Authors: Bomfim Ana Paula Rocha do , Café Antônio Eduardo Oliveira Damascena
Published: January 2025

A violência escolar é uma questão que permeia as discussões sobre segurança pública e educação, revelando uma profunda interconexão entre os ambientes escolares e os contextos sociais nos quais estão inseridos. Este artigo aborda as várias facetas da violência nas escolas, suas causas e suas consequências, bem como a importância de políticas integradas que envolvem diferentes setores da sociedade. A análise inclui, além de revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, dados estatísticos sobre a violência escolar no Brasil e no mundo, destacando a realidade enfrentada nas escolas brasileiras, e discute estratégias de prevenção e intervenção, reconhecendo-se como um problema que deve, inclusive, ser legislado sob a ótica da segurança pública. Finalmente, encontra-se como resultado a necessidade de um esforço coletivo – o qual inclua educadores, autoridades de segurança pública e comunidades – a fim de reduzir a violência no ambiente escolar, promovendo um espaço seguro para o aprendizado e de bem-estar para os estudantes e demais membros que fazem parte desse ambiente.
Relationship of Lipid Profiles to Stroke Patients: Systematic Review
Authors: Nurhayati Puspita Uci , Septianingrum Yurike , Wijayanti Lono , Soleha Umdatus
Published: January 2025

Background: Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a major contributor to disability worldwide, with the highest prevalence in developing countries. Ischemic stroke is the most common type, caused by blood flow obstruction due to blood clots or fatty plaque accumulation (atherosclerosis). Hemorrhagic stroke, on the other hand, occurs due to blood vessel rupture and bleeding in the brain. This systematic review aims to explore the relationship between lipid profiles and stroke incidence.
Methods: This study employed a systematic review approach using the PRISMA methodology. Articles were sourced from databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library, focusing on publications from 2019 to 2024. Keywords used for the search included "lipid profile," "stroke," "ischemic stroke," and "hemorrhagic stroke." A total of 2,556 articles were identified, and after screening and selection, 9 relevant articles were included for review.
Results: The systematic review findings indicate a significant relationship between lipid profiles and the occurrence of stroke. Elevated lipid levels, particularly abnormal cholesterol and triglyceride levels, are associated with an increased risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
Conclusion: This systematic review confirms a significant association between lipid profiles and stroke incidence. Elevated lipid levels increase the risk of both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. Early screening and management of lipid profiles through lifestyle changes and appropriate treatments are essential for stroke prevention. Further research should evaluate the effectiveness of targeted lipid-lowering strategies in reducing stroke risk.
Improving Self-Efficacy and Behavior to Prevent Transmission in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients through Health Coaching Based on Social Cognitive Theory
Authors: Mordekai Rangkoratat Melinda , Melda Suhita Byba , Ana Anggraini Novita
Published: January 2025

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease that can be prevented with appropriate measures. However, many patients show low self-efficacy, leading to a lack of motivation to follow treatment and implement preventive measures. The research aim was Analyzing the Effect of Health Coaching based on Social Cognitive Theory on Self-efficacy and Transmission Prevention Behavior in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients.
Methods: This quantitative research method uses a quasi-experiment design with a pretest-posttest control group design approach. The population of all Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients in the Working Area of the Lingat Health Center, Selaru District, Tanimbar Islands Regency is 49 people. The sample size was 34 respondents. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The study's independent variables are Health Coaching based on Social Cognitive Theory, and the dependent variables are Self-efficacy and Transmission Prevention Behavior.
Results: The analysis using the Wilcoxon test obtained p=0.000 Self-efficacy and p=0.001 Transmission Prevention Behavior, which means that there is an Effect of Health Coaching based on Social Cognitive Theory on Self-efficacy and Transmission Prevention Behavior in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
Conclusion: Blood circulation becomes smooth because of pressure point massage which can stimulate endorphin neurotransmitters in the autonomic nerves so that the body relaxes. Pressure point massage intervention can be applied as an alternative therapy option in the management of hypertension which supports the treatment of hypertension so that blood pressure can be well controlled.
Analysis of Resilience and Leadership on the Commitment to the Implementation of Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Puspita Mariana , Wardani Ratna , Ellina Agusta Dian
Published: January 2025

Background: Healthcare facilities, particularly hospitals, must deliver swift, precise, and reliable medical services. Additionally, all healthcare providers are mandated to implement electronic medical records as part of their service delivery. Quality services can be good if the patient's medical records are complete, fast, and precise in providing information for health services. Implementing the electronic medical record system ensures resilience, leadership, and commitment. The study aimed to analyze the factors that influence resilience policies on the commitment of the electronic medical record system at the Muhammadiyah Siti Khodijah Hospital.
Methods: The quantitative research method uses a cross-sectional design. The population is all Hospital Employees. The sample is 125 employees, and the sampling technique uses Proportional Random Sampling. Independent Variables Resilience and Leadership, Independent Variable Commitment. The instrument used is a questionnaire with a Likert scale. Statistical tests use multiple linear regression
Results: The results of the resilience study (X1) have an influence on commitment (Y) with (p = 0.000) < 0.05, and leadership (X2) has an impact on commitment (Y) with (p = 0.000) < 0.05, and the Adjusted R Square value is 0.935 or 93.5%.
Conclusion: There is a relationship between resilience and leadership variables and commitment. Employee resilience needs to be improved to maintain the quality of policies and commitments in working. Good leadership will support the Commitment of each employee.
The Impact Of Implementing Work Culture (Concise, Neat, Clean, Care, Diligent) And Nurse Competence On Nurse Productivity
Authors: Juliandri Lukius , Melda Byba , Anna Anggraeni Novita
Published: January 2025

Background: Nurse productivity is crucial in determining the quality of healthcare services in hospitals. It directly impacts patient care and hospital operations. The implementation of Work Culture (Concise, Neat, Clean, Caring, Diligent) and nurses' competencies are factors that can significantly influence the productivity of nurses. The primary objective of this study is to determine the impact of Work Culture (Concise, Neat, Clean, Caring, Diligent) and nurses' competencies on nurses' productivity at Mojowarno Christian Hospital, Jombang, in 2024. The study assesses how applying these factors enhances nurse performance and hospital service efficiency.
Methods: This research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design to examine the relationship between variables at a particular moment. The sample comprises 100 nurses from Mojowarno Christian Hospital, chosen through random sampling. The independent variables include the implementation of Work Culture (Concise, Neat, Clean, Care, Diligent) and nurse competencies, while the dependent variable is nurse productivity. Data collection was conducted using observation sheets tested for validity and reliability. Ordinal regression analysis was employed to analyze the data.
Results: The results of the ordinal regression analysis showed a P-value of 0.000, which is less than 0.05, leading to the rejection of H0 and the acceptance of H1. This indicates a significant collective influence of the implementation of Work Culture (Concise, Neat, Clean, Caring, Diligent) and nurses' competencies on nurses' productivity. In the partial analysis, the P-value for the Work Culture (Concise, Neat, Clean, Care, Diligent) variable was 0.024, less than 0.05, suggesting a significant influence on nurses' productivity. The P-value for nurses' competencies was 0.000, indicating a significant partial effect on productivity.
Conclusion: The study concludes that both the implementation of Work Culture (Concise, Neat, Clean, Caring, Diligent) and nurses' competencies have a significant impact on nurses' productivity at Mojowarno Christian Hospital. The results underline the importance of fostering a strong work culture and continuously improving nurses' competencies to enhance productivity and the overall quality of healthcare services. Hospitals should prioritize these factors to ensure efficient and effective care delivery, improving organizational outcomes. Keywords: Work Culture (Concise, Neat, Clean, Care, Diligent), competency, productivity.
Analysis Of Differences In Knowledge Before And After Emergency Education And Skills In Members of Public Safety Center (PSC) 119
Authors: Kamesyworo Kamesyworo , Hartati Sri , Haryanti Eka
Published: January 2025

Background: An emergency refers to a life-threatening situation, while an emergency requires immediate intervention to mitigate threats to the victim's life. It represents a critical state that necessitates prompt action to prevent disability or death. An emergency is a clinical condition requiring urgent medical attention to save lives and avoid permanent harm. This study aims to assess whether there is a difference in knowledge regarding the initial management of medical emergency cases among PSC 119 members of the Lahat Regency Health Office before and after receiving health education.
Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The sample included 16 members of the PSC at the Lahat Regency Health Office. The paired sample t-test analysis of the pretest and posttest results revealed a significant increase in the knowledge of the PSC 119 members regarding the initial management of medical emergency cases after receiving health education.
Results: The T-test result showed p=0.00 (<0.05), indicating a significant improvement in knowledge after health education. As for skills, the paired sample t-test results between pre- and post-training showed a substantial increase in skill levels. The T-test result was p=0.000 (<0.05), meaning Ha is accepted, and Ho is rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that health education on emergency management positively influences both the knowledge and skills of PSC 119 members."
Conclusion: Health education on emergency management significantly improves the knowledge and skills of PSC 119 members at the Lahat Regency Health Office. Regular training programs are recommended to enhance their emergency response capabilities and ensure better outcomes in critical situations. Future research should evaluate the long-term impact and practical application of such training.
The Impact of Psychological Support On Improving The Achievement Of Slow Learner Students
Authors: Rachmawati Musslifah Anniez , Henny Lukitasari Evelyne , Primasanti Yunita
Published: January 2025

Background: Collaboration between teachers, parents, and school counselors is essential to provide ongoing psychological support. By engaging a counselor, students can obtain guidance services that help them manage stress, develop study skills, and build confidence. This inclusive and adaptive approach allows every student, both fast and slow learners, to reach their best potential academically and emotionally. This paper aims to explore more about the concept of psychological support for improving the achievement of slow learner students at SMK Negeri 9 Surakarta, Indonesia.
Methods: This study uses a qualitative design with a field approach at SMK Negeri 9 Surakarta, collecting data through interviews, observations, and documentation supported by relevant literature and theoretical frameworks. Participants included class X educators. Data analysis employed triangulation, involving data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing to ensure validity and identify key themes. The findings are presented descriptively, addressing the research focus and supported by prior studies.
Results: The results of the study show that SMK Negeri 9 Surakarta has compiled a guideline known as "Initial Learning Module: Building a Positive Culture at SMK Negeri 9 Surakarta". This module is consistently given at the beginning of learning and is one of the leading guides in the Guidance and Counseling process. This module contains instructions on how to build the concept of psychological support that educators must apply in the SMK Negeri 9 Surakarta environment, namely through the restitution process. This process prioritizes the idea of positive discipline that must be embedded in students.
Conclusion: Psychological support has a complex role, affecting the mental well-being of individuals from various points of view. Future research should explore the long-term effects of psychological support on mental well-being across different populations and contexts.
The Effectiveness Of Integrated Sensory Therapy As A Stimulation Of Speech Ability In Children Aged 2-5 Years With Functional Speech Delay Disorder
Authors: Sriadnyani Ni Wayan , Suhita Byba Melda , Widyowati Agustin
Published: January 2025

Background: Early childhood is a golden age and a critical period because there is a speedy growth and development process in the human life span, and it is irreplaceable in the future. Speech delay is functional. It is a delay in speaking due to lack of stimulation or the wrong parenting. One way to stimulate speech ability is through integration sensory therapy. The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of integrated sensory therapy as a stimulation of speech ability in children aged 2-5 years with functional speech delay disorder at Kires Spa Dalung
Methods: The design of this study is a quantitative quasi-experimental with a nonequivalent control group design. The sampling technique used was Simple Random Sampling, with a sample of 60 respondents divided into 2 groups, namely the treatment group and the control group. Data Analysis Techniques m Mann-Whitney Test.
Results: The results of the study showed that of the 30 respondents in the treatment group before sensory integration therapy, the mean value (SD) of speech ability was 0.13 (0.346), and 30 respondents in the control group before the study was 0.23 (0.681). After 8 times of integrated sensory therapy on 30 respondents, the mean value (SD) of speech ability was 20.87 (0.571), and the control group after the study of the mean value (SD) of speech ability was 3.13 (0.819. The results of data analysis using the Mann-Whitney test showed a significance value of 0.000<(ɑ=0.05), meaning that H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted; this means that there is the effectiveness of sensory integration therapy as a stimulation of speech ability in children aged 2-5 years with functional speech delay disorder.
Conclusion: Integrated sensory therapy is very effective in helping improve speech skills in children with functional speech delays. Future research should explore the long-term effects of integrated sensory therapy on speech development in children with functional speech delays across diverse populations and age groups.
GİRİŞİM SERMAYESİ YATIRIMLARI BAKIMINDAN KİŞİ VE KURUMLARIN VERGİLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Yitkin Yaren
Published: January 2025

Girişim sermayesi; yeni bir yatırım yapmak isteyen kimselerin yenilikçi fikirlerini ve üretim yöntemlerini gerçekleştirmelerine yönelik maddi ihtiyaçlarını karşılamayı amaçlayan bir finansman yöntemidir. 20. yüzyılın ortalarından bu yana yeterli sermayesi bulunmayan mühendisler, bilim insanları ve proje sahibi girişimciler, sermaye ile buluşarak girişimini hayata geçirmeye başlamıştır. Türk vergi mevzuatında ise girişim sermayesi yatırımlarının özel sektörün ve şirketlerin gelişimine katkısı nedeniyle teşvik edildiği görülmektedir. Böylece, hem girişim sermayesi fon ve ortaklıklarına yatırım yapmak için ayrılan tutarlar matrahtan indirilmiş hem de kişi ve kurumların yatırımlarına ilişkin kazançları istisna hükümleri ile vergilendirme işlemleri dışında bırakılmıştır. Son yıllarda ise teknogirişim sermayesi ile yeni bir teşvik konusu oluşturulduğu ve girişim sermayesinin teknoloji alanında kullanımının öncelendiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, girişim sermayesi kavramı ve girişim sermayesi yatırım biçimleri açıklanacak ilgili yatırım biçimlerinde oluşan ortaklık yapısı ve ortakların nitelikleri ortaya konduktan sonra vergi hukuku düzenlemelerine yer verilecektir.
A Mini-Hydro Turbine as a Solution to Power Challenges in a Society with plenty of Water
Authors:   Assistant professor ITM Maharajganj UP India, Gupta Shyam Sundar
Published: January 2025

The mini hydro turbine research is aimed at designing and constructing a hydro-electric power plant model that can generate electric power, which can be used at the domestic level to power electrical appliances. There are three main sections for the hydro turbine, such as the pelton wheel which rotate due to falling water from the water storage tank through the penstock, the alternator, been made of a permanent magnet rotor and conducting coil windings on the stator connected to the turbine through a runner, and the feedback system for the continuous flow of water. The result shows that the construction of mini hydro turbine plant is feasible and there were no major problems apparent at the design and implementation stages of the mini hydro turbine power plant.

Keywords- Head, Pelton Turbine, Efficiency, Reliability, Alternator
A Comparative Analysis of Online Learning and Traditional Learning: Towards a Hybrid Learning Model
Authors:   MCA Department , K K Wagh Engineering and Research, Nashik, India, Baliram Pawar Rajani , Dhawale V.R.
Published: January 2025

This research paper explores the ongoing debate between online learning and traditional classroom-based education. With the rise of technology, online learning has become increasingly prevalent, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, traditional learning still holds significant value in certain educational contexts. This study aims to compare the advantages and challenges of both learning models and propose a hybrid model that integrates the strengths of each. Data collected from a survey of 300 students provides quantitative and qualitative insights into the effectiveness, flexibility, engagement, and satisfaction of both learning approaches. The findings suggest that a hybrid model combining the flexibility of online learning and the social interaction of traditional learning could provide an optimal learning experience for students.

Keywords—Online Learning, Traditional Learning, Hybrid Model, Education, Flexibility, Engagement, Student Satisfaction
EXAMINATION TIME TABLE GENERTOR
Authors:   ssistant Professor, Presidency University, Bengaluru, Shakir Mohamed
Published: January 2025

Actually, the scheduling of examination timetables is one of the most important administrative challenges that educational institutions face. In examination timetables, the challenges of the same problem are encountered, and through the CSP algorithm Examination Timetable Generator addresses this very challenge by way of an automation and optimization means. It stands as a sophisticated mathematical model where the problem and its solution that involves scheduling a set of an examination can mostly be divided into three main component parts: it includes variables like exams scheduled for, the domains include time slots for all that a sequence of exams proposed to be held, and thus, the domain of constraints or application of constraints takes care of accomplishing all possible requirements.

Key Words:  Examination Timetable  Scheduling ,Educational Institutions Administrative ,Challenges Automation Optimization, CSP Algorithm
An AI-Driven Approach to Automatic Code Analysis and Summarization for Enhanced Software Understanding
Authors:   Department of Information Science and Engineering, Global Academy of Technology, K V S Aditya
Published: January 2025

- The AI-Driven Code Analyzer is an innovative tool designed to address the challenges developers, students, and educators face in understanding complex code. With programming becoming an integral part of various industries, the need for accessible tools that simplify code comprehension has never been greater. This tool allows users to input code and receive detailed, step-by-step explanations of its functionality, helping to demystify programming logic and enhance understanding. Whether it’s a beginner struggling with foundational concepts or an experienced programmer dealing with an unfamiliar codebase, the AI-Driven Code Analyzer serves as a valuable resource for improving productivity and learning efficiency.

At the heart of this tool lies its integration with the Gemini API, a sophisticated backend system that processes inputted code and generates human-readable explanations. This integration ensures a seamless and efficient user experience, providing accurate and insightful breakdowns of even the most complex algorithms. The modular design of the platform allows it to handle diverse programming languages and concepts, making it a versatile solution for various user needs. Complementing its technical prowess is a user-friendly interface that simplifies interaction, enabling users to focus solely on understanding the code rather than navigating the tool itself.

The applications of the AI-Driven Code Analyzer extend far beyond individual use. In educational settings, it can be leveraged as a teaching aid, helping students grasp difficult programming concepts through real-world examples. In professional environments, it can assist developers in debugging, code reviews, and understanding legacy systems, significantly reducing time spent on manual analysis. By streamlining the process of code explanation, this tool not only fosters a deeper understanding of programming but also addresses the growing demand for accessible and intelligent software solutions in an increasingly tech-driven world.

Key Words:  Code Analysis, Code Summarization, Code Comprehension, Human-Readable Explanations, Natural Language Processing (NLP), Programming Logic, Collaborative Development, Productivity Enhancement, Educational Applications, System Architecture, Learning Efficiency
The Effectiveness of Using Motion Graphics in Acquiring English Vocabulary among Second-Grade Intermediate Students
Authors: M. Al-Turki Khawlah Abdulaaziz , Alharbi Latifah Abdullah K
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of using motion graphics in teaching a unit of the English language course for the second intermediate grade in acquiring vocabulary among second-grade intermediate students. The study used the English vocabulary test as an instrument to collect data and measure the effectiveness of the independent variable of the study. The test was performed twice, before and after the treatment was applied to the groups. The study used a quasi-experimental design. The study population was selected from one of the female intermediate schools in Unayzah Governorate in Al Qassim region. The study sample consisted of (54) second-grade intermediate Female students aged between (14-15) years, assigned randomly as experimental and control groups. The sample was divided into two groups, (27) students in each.
The study concluded that there are statistically significant differences between the average scores of the experimental group students and the scores of the control group students in the results of the vocabulary acquisition post-test in favor of the experimental group. The study recommended using a variety of instructional strategies to meet the diverse needs and preferences of learners as well as ensure that the instructional materials and resources are accessible to all students, including those with diverse learning needs and backgrounds.
Serum interleukin-6 and associated nociceptive parameters following subcutaneous infiltration of lidocaine alone, tramadol alone, and their combination in red Sokoto goat undergoing rumenotomy
Authors: Abubakar Nura , Buhari Salisu , Yakubu Abubakar Sadiq , Abubakar Adamu Abdul , Ismaila Mohammad Sani , Bodinga Hassan Abubakar , Dahiru Ashiru , Ahmad Umar Salisu , Zaid Shehu
Published: January 2025

The clinical practice of combining one or more drugs is gaining attention for enhancing efficacy, leading to quicker onset of action, longer duration of effect and minimising side effects. Previous studies showed that combining lignocaine and tramadol in an epidural injection significantly extended the duration of analgesia produced when compared to the use of lignocaine alone. The significance of this study is aiming toward improved pain management during surgery, especially in goats. In this study, the analgesic effects of subcutaneously administered lignocaine alone (7 mgkg-1), tramadol alone (3 mgkg-1), and their respective combination of 3.5 and 15 mgkg-1 on pain in goats undergoing rumenotomy were compared. The experiment was carried out on fifteen healthy (N=15) Red Sokoto goats. Blood was drawn from the jugular vein at seven distinct time intervals during the course of the experiment (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 hours) and serum was extracted. The severity of pain was ascertained by measuring serum level of IL-6 and the nociceptive response to a pain stimulus using a clinical algometer. This study revealed that the combination of lidocaine (03.78 minutes) and tramadol (3.68 minutes) has a quicker onset of action (2.01±0.42 minutes) and a more extended duration of activity (79.5 minutes) when compared to lidocaine (60 minutes) and tramadol (55.75 minutes) administered separately. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in serum IL-6 before and after the administration of lidocaine, tramadol, or their combination. This study has demonstrated that the lidocaine-tramadol combination at respective doses of 3.5 and 1.5 mgkg-1 has a quicker onset and longer duration of activity when subcutaneously administered at the surgical site, in comparison with lidocaine alone and tramadol alone at respective doses of 7 and 3 mgkg-1. However, there was no remarkable difference in the serum pain biomarker (IL-6) among the three different treatments. Subcutaneous infiltration of the combination of lidocaine at 3.5 mgkg-1 with tramadol at 1.5 mgkg-1 via the inverted L block technique can be employed as an alternative to conventional lidocaine alone to achieve loco-regional analgesia for a more prolonged duration in goats to conduct laparotomy. Clinically, this drug combination could be useful in surgeries requiring extended regional anaesthesia, reducing the need for repeated dosing, hence improving animal welfare.
The mediating role of subjective well-being in the relationship between ethical leadership behaviors of school principals and organizational cynicism according to teacher perceptions
Authors: GÜLER Hüseyin , Ayık Ahmet
Published: January 2025

This study examined the mediating role of subjective well-being in the relationship between school principals ‘ethical leadership behaviours and organisational cynicism according to teachers’ perceptions. Relational survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used in the study. The population of the study consisted of teachers working in primary and secondary schools in Tuşba district of Van province of Turkey in 2022-2023 academic year. The sample group of the study consisted of 430 volunteer teachers determined by ‘stratified sampling’ method, which is one of the non-probability sampling methods. Ethical Leadership Scale, Organisational Cynicism Scale and Teacher Subjective Well-Being Scale were used as data collection tools. The data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) statistical programs. As a result of the research, a moderate negative significant relationship was found between school principals ‘ethical leadership behaviours and teachers’ organisational cynicism levels, and a moderate negative significant relationship was found between teachers' organisational cynicism levels and their subjective well-being. In addition, it was determined that there was a significant positive relationship between school principals ‘ethical leadership behaviours and teachers’ subjective well-being. Finally, it was concluded that subjective well-being has a partial mediating role in the relationship between ethical leadership and organisational cynicism. It was concluded that ethical leadership behaviours exhibited by school principals affect teachers' organisational cynicism levels both directly and indirectly through subjective well-being.
Mental Health Outcomes and Their Correlates in The Post-COVID-19 Era Among University Students and Staff in Indonesia
Authors: Setiyadi Noor Alis , Chakim Irfanul , Rifki Fauzi Ekha , Sri Purwanti Okti , Andajani Sari , Lianawati  , Joseas Conwi Lord , Sornlorm Kittipong
Published: January 2025

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected global health, particularly mental health in academic communities. While its impact on mental health is well-documented, studies on the post-pandemic "new normal" remain scarce. This study examines the prevalence and factors linked to anxiety, depression, and QoL among Indonesian university students, lecturers, and staff post-pandemic.
Methods: This cross-sectional study examines the impact of risk factors on anxiety, quality of life, and depression among university students, staff, and faculty post-Covid-19 vaccination. An online website link was sent to the participants comprising instruments such as PHQ-2, WHOQOL-BREF and GDS. Chi-square tests were used for bivariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression modelled associated factors.
Results: Poor QoL, depression, and anxiety were reported by 51.68%, 40.83%, and 44.19%, respectively. Unmarried individuals and those without a COVID-19 booster had higher odds of poor QoL (AOR: 3.32; 1.62). Unmarried individuals also faced greater depression risk (AOR: 2.56), while females and those with unvaccinated family members were more prone to anxiety (AOR: 2.42; 1.50).
Conclusion: This study highlights mental health challenges post-pandemic, especially for those with incomplete vaccination and limited social support. It emphasizes the need for targeted interventions and complete vaccination to boost resilience in academic settings.
Trade barriers and export growth: Analyzing the US-China trade relationship with the LSDV model
Authors: Yang Ting , Lau Wee-Yeap , Bahri Elya Nabila Abdul
Published: January 2025

This study employs a gravity model of trade to assess the repercussions of US-China trade frictions on China's export dynamics. Our findings unravel some noteworthy results: First, we find a significant and negative correlation between the variables linked to trade frictions, namely Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) and Average Tariff (AT), and the volume of China's exports. Secondly, the regression results do not indicate that the SPS has a dampening effect on China's exports. Thirdly, China's exports are more affected by the Average Tariff (AT) than by Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT). Finally, the exports from the previous period positively influenced China's exports to the US. In other words, the US-China trade friction has significantly reduced China's exports to the US. As a policy implication, China should reduce its dependence on the US market, diversify its markets, uphold the principles of free trade and multilateralism, and promote openness in response to the challenges of the trade war.