bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВИМУШЕНО ПЕРЕМІЩЕНІ ОСОБИ З ОБЛАСТЕЙ ДОНБАСУ ЯК ЧИННИКИ МІГРАЦІЙНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ І СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ЗАГРОЗ НАЦІОНАЛЬНІЙ БЕЗПЕЦІ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Романюк Михайло , Смутчак Зінаїда
Published: January 2020

Розкрито обсяги та чинники масових міжрегіональних міграційних переміщеньнаселення України, викликаних анексією РФ Криму і військовою агресією Росії наДонбасі та регіональні особливості їх розселення, а також методологічні тапрактичні аспекти вдосконалення управління і регулювання інтенсивних міжрегіональних вимушених переселень. Розглянуто заходи державної міграційноїполітики щодо облаштування та працевлаштування в регіонах України вимушенопереміщених осіб, впорядкування міграційного простору з позицій національнихпріоритетів і попередження міграційних загроз національній безпеці України.
СЛОВОТВІРНА КАТЕГОРІЯ ‛АБСТРАГОВАНА ОЗНАКА’ В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ МОВІ В ЗІСТАВЛЕННІ З АНГЛІЙСЬКОЮ МОВОЮ
Authors: Грещук Богдан
Published: January 2020

У статті проаналізовано словотвірні засоби категоризації дійсності вділянці ознаки, абстрагованої від її носія, в українській мові в зіставленні з англійською мовою. Встановлено універсальне й індивідуальномовне у реалізації словотвірної категорії «абстраговано ознака» в українській та англійській мовах.
СЕМАНТИЧНІ МОДИФІКАЦІЇ АЛЮЗІЙ В УКРАЇНСЬКИХ МОДЕРНИХ ХУДОЖНІХ ТЕКСТАХ
Authors: Петрина Христина
Published: January 2020

У статті проаналізовано семантичні трансформації алюзійних одиниць ухудожніх текстах українського модерного дискурсу. Виокремлено семантичнівиди алюзій на тлі процесів збереження та зміни їхнього смислового навантаження. Алюзійні елементи розглянуто як засіб пародіювання класичних текстівта переосмислення архетипів.Ключові слова: алюзія, алюзійна одиниця, текст-реципієнт, метатекст,семантична конденсація.
Review
Authors: Остапович Олег
Published: January 2020

Спогад
ПОШИРЮВАЧІ СЕМАНТИЧНОЇ МОДЕЛІ РЕЧЕННЯ: СИНТАГМАТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Воробець Олексій
Published: January 2020

У статті висвітлено основні теоретичні й практичні положення щодосемантики та функції поширювачів структурної моделі речення з урахуваннямкомпозиційно-смислового функціонування в контексті, з опертям на синтагматичне переміщення значення.
ЛЕКСИКОГРАФІЧНЕ ОПРАЦЮВАННЯ АПЕЛЯТИВНИХ НАЗВ ВОДНИХ ОБ'ЄКТІВ У СЛОВНИКУ "ГУЦУЛЬСЬКА ДІАЛЕКТНА ЛЕКСИКА В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ ХУДОЖНІЙ МОВІ
Authors: ҐРЕЩУК Василь
Published: January 2020

У статті проаналізовано лексикографічне опрацювання апелятивних назв водних об'єктів у словнику "Гуцульська діалектна лексика в українській художній мові".
Nonlinear dynamics of full-range CNNs with time-varying delays and variable coefficients
Authors: Liu Shuxin , Jiang Haijun , Zhang Liwei , Mei Xuehui
Published: January 2020

In the article, the dynamical behaviours of the full-range cellular neural networks (FRCNNs) with variable coefficients and time-varying delays are considered. Firstly, the improved model of the FRCNNs is proposed, and the existence and uniqueness of the solution are studied by means of differential inclusions and set-valued analysis. Secondly, by using the Hardy inequality, the matrix analysis, and the Lyapunov functional method, we get some criteria for achieving the globally exponential stability (GES). Finally, some examples are provided to verify the correctness of the theoretical results.
Global exponential synchronization of quaternion-valued memristive neural networks with time delays
Authors: Wei Ruoyu , Cao Jinde
Published: January 2020

This paper extends the memristive neural networks (MNNs) to quaternion field, a new class of neural networks named quaternion-valued memristive neural networks (QVMNNs) is then established, and the problem of drive-response global synchronization of this type of networks is investigated in this paper. Two cases are taken into consideration: one is with the conventional differential inclusion assumption, the other without. Criteria for the global synchronization of these two cases are achieved respectively by appropriately choosing the Lyapunov functional and applying some inequality techniques. Finally, corresponding simulation examples are presented to demonstrate the correctness of the proposed results derived in this paper.
The DICA Endoscopic Classification for Diverticular Disease of the Colon Shows a Significant Interobserver Agreement among Community Endoscopists: an International Study
Authors: Tursi Antonio , Brandimarte Giovanni , Di Mario Francesco , Lanas Angel , Scarpignato Carmelo , Bafutto Mauro , Barbara Giovanni , Bassotti Gabrio , Binda Gian Andrea , Biondi Alberto , Biondo Sebastiano , Cassieri Claudio , Crucitti Antonio , Dumitrascu Dan L. , Elisei Walter , Escalante Ricardo , Herszènyi László , Kruis Wolfgang , Kupcinskas Juozas , Lahat Adi , Lecca Piera Giuseppina , Maconi Giovanni , Malfertheiner Peter , Mazzari Andrea , Mearìn Fermìn , Milosavljeviċ Tomica , Nardone Gerardo , Chavez De Oliveira Enio , Papa Alfredo , Papagrigoriadis Savvas , Pera Miguel , Persiani Roberto , Picchio Marcello , Regula Jaroslaw , Štimac Davor , Stollman Neil , Strate Lisa L. , Walker Marjorie M.D.
Published: January 2020

Background and Aims: The Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment (DICA) endoscopic classification of diverticulosis and diverticular disease (DD) is currently available. It scores severity of the disease as DICA 1, DICA 2 and DICA 3. Our aim was to assess the agreement on this classification in an international endoscopists community setting.

Methods: A total of 96 doctors (82.9% endoscopists) independently scored a set of DD endoscopic videos. The percentages of overall agreement on DICA score and a free-marginal multirater kappa (κ) coefficient were reported as statistical measures of interrater agreement.

Results: Overall agreement in using DICA was 91.8% with a free-marginal kappa of 88% (95% CI 80-95). The overall agreement levels were: DICA 1, 85.2%; DICA 2, 96.5%; DICA 3, 99.5%. The free marginal κ was: DICA 1 = 0.753, DICA 2 = 0.958, DICA 3 = 0.919. The agreement about the main endoscopic items was 83.4% (k 67%) for diverticular extension, 62.6% (k 65%) for number of diverticula for each district, 86.8% (k 82%) for presence of inflammation, and 98.5 (k 98%) for presence of complications.

Conclusions: The overall interrater agreement in this study ranges from good to very good. DICA score is a simple and reproducible endoscopic scoring system for diverticulosis and DD.
Efficacy of a New Nutraceutical Formulation in Patients with Symptomatic Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease (SUDD): a Prospective Observational Study
Authors: D'Amico Ferdinando , Fiorini Giulia , Tursi Antonio , Saracino Ilaria Maria , Pavoni Matteo , Danese Silvio , Vaira Dino
Published: January 2020

Background and Aim: Symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating and altered bowel habits (constipation or diarrhea) attributed to diverticula in the absence of macroscopic mucosal alterations. There is no consensus about management of these patients. DIVER-100®, an association of natural active ingredients may be effective in the treatment of patients with SUDD. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DIVER-100® in patients with SUDD.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study to evaluate the efficacy of DIVER-100® in consecutive patients with SUDD, confirmed by radiology or endoscopy. All patients were treated with DIVER-100® 2 capsules/day 10 days per month, for 3 months. The primary endpoint was the clinical remission rate, defined as the reduction of abdominal pain and bloating, improvement of bowel habits and prevention of acute diverticulitis (AD). The secondary endpoint was the rate of adverse events.

Results: One hundred and one patients were consecutively enrolled at the Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Unit, Sant’Orsola Hospital, Bologna, Italy. DIVER-100® was effective in inducing remission of symptoms in 12 patients (11.9%) at 3 months and in 10 patients (9.9%) at 6 months. DIVER-100® significantly reduced abdominal pain and bloating in 45.5% and 57.4% of patients respectively (p <0.001) after 3 months. No episodes of AD and no adverse events related to DIVER--100® were recorded at month 6 in the study population.

Conclusions: DIVER-100® is a safe and effective nutraceutical compound in obtaining remission and symptom relief in SUDD patients. Further randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed to confirm these preliminary data.
Public accounting in Hungary. Situation and challenges
Authors: SIMON JOZSEF
Published: January 2020

In a democratic state, citizens expect that those currently in power be obliged to justify the way they spend and manage public funds. The enforcement of accountability has seve-ral preconditions. At the same time, the accounting system constitutes one part of the public sector’s infor-mation system. Thus, studying the information system in a systematic manner is important. The information system must meet diverse needs. The present paper aims at showing those requirements.When considered in a comparative perspective, different public accountancy systems implemented internationally show different form. Every country can decide in which area and how the cash-flow approach and accrual based accounting can be used. The purpose of this paper is to verify whether and how could the usage of accrual based accounting influence the public accounting methods and the functions of public accountancy
Born to be beautiful: Season of birth influences adult females’ physical attractiveness
Authors: KANONOWICZ MICHAŁ , SOROKOWSKI PIOTR , SOROKOWSKA AGNIESZKA
Published: January 2020

Birth month in humans is associated with certain biological variables such as reproduc-tive success, health and mortality rate. At the same time, physical attractiveness is regarded as one of the reliable markers of human health and genetic quality, which suggests that female attractiveness may vary according to their season of birth. To test this hypothe-sis, ratings of females’ photographs from a popular Polish social networking website were analyzed. The sample included 5294 females aged 21-23 years. Results demonstrated that females born in spring (May) were rated as being significantly more attractive than those born in autumn (September and November).
Perceived supervisor’s subclinical psychopathy, and subordinate’s organizational commitment, job satisfaction and satisfaction with executive
Authors: SANECKA ELŻBIETA
Published: January 2020

This study was designed to investigate the correlations between supervisor`s perceived subclinical psychopathy and subordinate`s organizational commitment, overall job satisfac-tion and particularly satisfaction with his/her supervisor. The results, based on a sample of 153 employees, showed that subordinates working with leaders, who can be defined as orga-nizational (or industrial, corporate) psychopaths, tended to adopt more negative work attitu-des. Supervisor`s perceived subclinical psychopathy had a negative impact on subordinates’ job satisfaction, satisfaction with supervisor and their organizational commitment. The paper discusses the results and limitations of the study, and offers suggestions for future research.
Use of Quality Models and Indicators for Evaluating Test Quality in an ESP Course
Authors: RUDZINSKA IEVA
Published: January 2020

Qualitative methods of assessment play a decisive role in education in general and in language learning in particular. The necessity to perform a qualitative assessment comes from both increased student competition in higher education institutions (HEIs), and hence higher demands for fair assessment, and a growing public awareness on higher education issues, and therefore the need to account for a wider circle of stakeholders, including socie-ty as a whole. The aim of the present paper is to study the regulations and laws pertaining to the issue of assessment in Latvian HEIs, as well as to carry out literature sources analysis about assessment in language testing, seeking to select criteria characterizing the quality of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) tests and to apply the model of evaluating the quality of a language test on an example of a test in sport English, developed in a Latvian higher education institution. An analysis of the regulations and laws about assessment in higher education and li-terature sources about tests in language courses has enabled the development of a test qu-ality model, consisting of seven intrinsic quality criteria: clarity, adequacy, deep approach, attractiveness, originality/similarity, orientation towards student learning result/process, test scoring objectivity/subjectivity. Quality criteria comprise eleven indicators. The relia-bility of the given model is evaluated by means of the whole model, its criteria and indica-tor Cronbach’s alphas and point-biserial (item-total) correlations or discrimination indexes DI. The test was taken by 63 participants, all of them 2nd year full time students attending a Latvian higher education institution.A statistical data analysis was performed with SPSS 17.0. The results show that, altho-ugh test adequacy and clarity is sufficiently high, attractiveness and deep approach should be improved. Also the reliability of one version of the test is higher than that of the other one. One of the ways to improve test quality could be to involve other HEIs in the process of designing tests, because in a small institution it is difficult to collect authentic material for test design and create reliable language tests in a narrow field (in our case: sport English).
Factors of realization and differentiation scientific potencial of young scientists
Authors: SHELESTUN KATYA
Published: January 2020

In domestic and foreign scientists’ research the scientific potential is investigated thro-ugh a series of economic indicators, but social and cultural aspects are not revealed. Scien-tists’ interest focuses primarily on the resource component of the scientific potential expres-sed through quantitative indexes (funding of science, number of academic staff involved in economics, the volume of scientific & technical work, etc.). The analyses of the current scientific literature have found that the concept of scientific potential with respect to young scientists has not been sufficiently studied.
Mystification in Czech cinematography and Czech culture
Authors: BRZEZIŃSKA ANNA
Published: January 2020

The article concerns the issue of mystification and hoax in Czech culture. It demon-strates historical aspects of this phenomenon and, basing on the example of various cul-tural texts, shows that the mystification as a means of artistic expression is deeply rooted in Czech culture. Surrealistic and illogical themes that are characteristic for Czech humour are used by artists, especially filmmakers, in creating successive mystifications. The article examines films such as Oil Gobblers (1988), Year of Devil (2002), Czech Dream (2004), Jara Cim-rman Lying, Sleeping (1983), in order to analyse the role of this phenomenon in both films that speak of mystification and the ones that are mystifications themselves.
Group word terms in the terminology of the theory of mechanics in Albanian and English
Authors: PLLANA GANI , PLLANA SADETE
Published: January 2020

As it is known, the terminology of any knowledge field as an independent system, as well as the terminology of mechanics consisting of nominating one-word and group word units (among which, particularly the latter phrase terms) make up nearly 70-80% of the overall terminological vocabulary. Looking at it from this point of view, all mono-syllabic (one word) terms (word terms) would also be accepted as a basic vocabulary in the terminology of mechanics. This can be justified more so by the fact that almost every word term serves as the foundation for the construction of numerous group word terms that mark concepts which have spread out into numerous branches. These having been introduced through a variety of many different interrelations, like gender / type, whole / part etc.
Robert Ervin Howard’s Vision of the Supernatural in Beyond the Black River
Authors: GULANOWSKI PIOTR
Published: January 2020

The plot and the presented world of Robert Ervin Howard’s Beyond the Black River are representative of sword and sorcery, a subgenre of fantasy fiction that Howard is claimed to have pioneered. It has been proposed that the worlds in fantasy fiction are coherently organised, natural, and material. Nevertheless, supernatural elements that are not consis-tent with the structure of the universe are present. The struggle between the structured worlds and the chaotic supernatural that is resolved by an intervention of a barbarian hero constitute the essence of the sword and sorcery subgenre. These elements can also be found in Beyond the Black River by Howard, who employs contrastive images to present the super-natural.
The old age in Polish and American series
Authors: ANIOŁ JOANNA , KORONKIEWICZ KAJA , SOKOŁOWSKA EDYTA
Published: January 2020

The educational and socialization role of the media is not the latest novelty, however there are niches that have not been developed yet. Realizing the opinion-forming role of the mass media, which may be reflected in social behaviours, the authors of this article will analyse the content of chosen media products. The image of elderly people presented by the most popular Polish and American series will be examined. The research aims to find whether Desperate Housewives and Colours of happiness (original title: Barwy szczęścia) adjust the image of old age to the social-demographic situation, which is constantly changing in the majority of countries. Does the colossus – television promote stereotypes which make age discrimination morally approved – or just the opposite – a well thought out image, shaping the recognition and respect for people in their “third age”?
María Zambrano: a woman, a republican and a philosopher in exile
Authors: PALOMAR GALDÓN PATRICIA
Published: January 2020

The subject of this presentation is an attempt to understand the concept of exile in terms of the works of Spanish philosopher María Zambrano, a woman who left her country after the Spanish civil war and lived the life of an exile. This work focuses on the difficulties enco-untered by thinkers when they try to reflect on the experience of exile, and it aims to bring Zambrano’s thought on exile closer to her main philosophical concepts.
Types of personality motivation structure of women who are acquiring higher education in psychology
Authors: PARTYKO TETIANA
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the results of empirical research on the types of personality moti-vation structure of women who are acquiring higher education in psychology. Two types have been singled out: expressive and impulsive. The expressive type comprises two com-ponents: ideal motivation aimed at life necessities, general activity and social utility, and real motivation aimed at comfort, social status and communication. In the structure of the impulsive type there are three components: real motivation aimed at life necessities, so-cial status, general activity and social utility; real motivation aimed at communication and comfort; creativity motivation aimed at self-development and creative activity. Women belonging to the expressive type of personality motivation structure have more positive self-attitude and a higher level of psychological well-being than women belonging to the impulsive type.
Psychological readiness of students to work in a professional field
Authors: UHRYN OLHA
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the psychological readiness of student’s personality for profes-sional life. The author considers components of readiness that promote self-development and self-realisation in the professional sphere, and presents the results of an empirical stu-dy of willingness to work in a professional field.
Traditional Children’s Ceremonial Culture Tatars (Based on research in Tatarstan)
Authors: Titova Tatiana A. , Sayfutdinova Guzel’ B. , Frolova Elena V.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. The study of the experience of socialization of children and adolescents in the traditional culture of the Tatars is due to the need for a comprehensive study of the processes of inculturation and cultural transmission in traditional society. Materials and Methods. The study is based on the methodological principles of the polyparadigm approach. The basis for this study is that ethnic categories, both during identification itself and in the process of assigning others to certain ethnic groups, take into account not just the sum of objective differences, but only those that are perceived by individuals themselves as meaningful. The main sources used in the preparation of the article were the field materials of the authors – the results of a number of ethnic and sociological surveys among the Tatar population, in-depth interviews and field observations in the period 1999–2012. Results. It is shown that the existence of a traditional Tatar family right up to the beginning of the twentieth century was dictated by the patriarchal peculiarities of the peasant way of life, the traditions of Islam, the ethnic and linguistic identity of the Tatars, which generally kept the Tartar village in existence. The main purpose of marriage was the continuation of the species, and the birth and upbringing of children were the most important functions of the family. Birth and care for children was the most important function of the family; childlessness was considered a misfortune, was subject to treatment and was a reason for divorce. With the birth of the first child, the public authority of the father increased and the family status of the mother increased. Discussion and Conclusions. The process of maturity among the Tatars was based on the skills and norms that shaped the personality and adapted it to a specific sociocultural environment, which guaranteed the profitability of the efforts of parents, family and society in general, when social guarantees are associated exclusively with future generations.
Cognitive Psychotherapy Techniques as a Means of Overcoming Negative Experiences of Students
Authors: Morozova Nadezda N. , Balyaev Sergey I. , Nikishov Sergey N. , Kevbrin Boris F.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Today, cognitive therapy is one of the main methods of the cognitive-behavioral approach in psychotherapy, which is one of the leading areas of psychotherapy in the world. Cognitive psychotherapy effectively fights patients’ emotional and personal problems based on the assumption that the causes of a person’s psychological problems lie in thinking errors. Students and young people in general are one of those age groups that, due to a number of objective and subjective reasons experiences special internal conflicts and difficulties. The purpose of the article is to identify the negative experiences of students and the use of cognitive psychotherapy techniques when working with them. Materials and Methods. The solution of research problems was provided by a set of complementary theoretical (analysis of scientific, methodological literature on the studied problem, comparative analysis, comparison, generalization) and empirical (testing, forming an experiment, calculation of rank correlation coefficient) methods. Results. The following problems were identified that are sources of negative experiences among students: problems associated with professional identification; problems associated with disappointment in the chosen specialty; problems in interpersonal relationships associated with avoiding intimacy; problems in interpersonal relationships associated with a strong sense of jealousy; a number of specific problems associated with specific irrational ideas or cognitive distortions. The developed training of rational thinking and recommendations for improving the processes of psychotherapy, psycho correction and psychological counseling, which can be used by the psychological services of universities, are presented. Discussion and Conclusions. The expected effect of the implementation of psycho-therapeutic work based on cognitive therapy techniques is to reduce the level of anxiety, negative feelings of students, increase their self-esteem, which creates a favorable psychological basis for educational activities. The provisions and conclusions create the prerequisites for further studying the potential of cognitive psychotherapy in the practical aspects of normalizing the psychological health of various social and age groups.
The Gosplan Automated Planning System as a Necessary Step Toward the Nationwide Automated Data Processing and Control System (NACS)
Authors: Safronov Aleksey V.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Given the ongoing digitalization of public administration, the Soviet experience in introducing computer-aided planning warrants more research with regard to overcoming departmentalism in creating supra-institutional (national) information systems. Based on the Russian State Archive of the Economy funds, interviews with the planners and Soviet economics literature, this paper examines the reasons behind the creation of the Automated Planning System which was meant to serve as a necessary intermediate step toward the National Information System (NACS). Materials and Methods. Through the lens of the institutional economics and actor-network theory, this research explores the inter-institutional struggle for the right to supervise the creation of the new instrument for the national economic planning. Results. A vast body of Soviet literature on the Automated Planning System and the archival documents from the Russian State Archive of the Economy was compiled and analyzed alongside with the interviews conducted with the chairmen of the Main Computing Centre of the Gosplan (V. B. Bezrukov, V. V. Kossov, Y. M. Urinson) and its other employees. It enabled the author to reconstruct the history of the ASPR, describe its architecture (key blocks and functions) and trace the political struggles over the computerization of the nationwide planning system. Discussion and Conclusions. This research improves upon the historiographic narrative on the NACS as a completely unimplemented project and offers an explanatory model for the Gosplan tactics which proved most effective in the competition for the right to run the nationwide administration system. ASPR is regarded as an interim solution crucial for suppressing the bureaucratic opposition. As the Gosplan institutional system, it allowed for the exclusion of other institutions from the creation process while the conceptual shift from a single system to a unified one turned all the opponents aspiring to have their information systems into observers. At the later stage, when ASPR had been launched, the Gosplan used the obtained results to insist on linking up other systems to build the OGAS with the ASPR at its core.
Problems and Prospects of Cross-Border Cooperation in Euroregions with Russian Participation
Authors: Rustamova Leili R.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Euroregions with the participation of constituent entities of the Russian Federation have been actively created since 1998 and still remain a popular form of developing cross-border cooperation with neighboring countries. Cooperation in the format of Euroregions has been aimed at solving the socio-economic problems of the border regions. However, each individual project of a Euroregion has its specific features. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current state of cooperation in the format of Euroregions of the European and post-Soviet types, as well as the possibilities of extrapolating the experience of Euroregions with Russian participation.

Materials and Methods. The available studies on Euroregions, as well as materials from the official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation and those of the Euroregions, were used as materials for this research. The comparative analysis as well as SWOT analysis made it possible to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the European-type and post-Soviet-type models of Euroregions and formed the methodological basis of the study.

Results. The author has analyzed all the main results of the activities of the Euroregions of the European and post-Soviet types. Conclusions regarding the strengths and weaknesses of each type of the Euroregions have been made. In order to consider the possibility of extrapolating the European experience in establishing Euroregions in the Eurasian space, the cases of two projects of Euroregions, ‘Our Common Home – Altai’ and ‘Transnistria’, have been studied. The conclusions were drawn regarding the interests of both the local authorities and the political elite of the federal center in the development of cross-border cooperation programs, which is an important factor in the successful functioning of the Euroregions with the participation of constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Discussion and Conclusion. Analysis of the current state of the Euroregions with Russian participation made it possible to conclude that the format of the Euroregion itself is an effective form of cross-border cooperation. Based on the analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the Euroregions, recommendations have been produced on organizing cross-border cooperation in the format of Euroregions in the Eurasian space, the most advantageous area for Russia; this can be of practical importance for strengthening bilateral international relations.
Secondary Employment and Self-Employment of Higher Education Students: The Scale, Structure and Functions (the Case Study of the Republic of Mordovia)
Authors: Kasatkina Natalya P. , Shumkova Natalya V.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Studying the issues of secondary employment of higher education students, which is a factor in the youth integration into the social and professional structure of society and in the extended reproduction of its human capital, is of particular relevance in the context of the prospects for transformation of the social space of the modern labor market. The processes of differentiation, flexibilization, and expansion of non-standard forms of employment focus on studying the features of the structure of secondary employment of students in terms of identifying self-employment practices as a way of implementing creative and entrepreneurial activities of the youth.

Materials and Methods. The materials of the author pilot focus group study and the data from a sociological survey conducted among final-year students of institutions of higher education in the Republic of Mordovia were used. To carry out an analysis, the methods of calculating the indicators of descriptive statistics, of assessing connections between variables, as well as that of multivariate statistical analysis were employed.

Results. It has been shown that secondary employment of senior undergraduate students of institutions of higher education in the Republic of Mordovia is a common practice. The employment of students is mainly localized in the private sector and is not predominantly related to the profession the institution of higher education trains students for. Self-employment makes up a significant proportion (nearly 25 % of secondary employment. The segment of student self-employment is associated with the provision of a wide range of services, freelance and tutoring being the most popular ones. Self-employment practices are structured by type of activity, depending on gender, as well as on the novelty (or traditional nature) of the work done.

Discussion and Conclusion. Self-employment contributes to students’ adaptation to and integration into the labor market and is a factor in stimulating the migration attitudes of young people and instability of vocational orientations. The practical significance of the research consists in the possibility of using its results by the authorities of the Republic of Mordovia when developing the regional youth policy and state programs in labor and employment, and when optimizing the human resources policies of organizations and agencies.
Scientific Journals in the post-Soviet States: The Place in the National and International Information Space
Authors: Brumshteyn Yuri M. , Alimova Natalia K.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. The objective of the paper is to analyze scientific journals published in the post-Soviet states, as well as to identify the role of scientific journals in the information and analytical support for the adoption and implementation of decisions related to the management of scientific activities and socio- economic processes in countries and regions. Analysis of scientific journals based on a set of indicators will make it possible to identify the place of these publications in the national and international information space.

Materials and Methods. The authors have analyzed available information about scientific journals published in the post-Soviet states and indexed by Scopus and Web of Science as well as information about such journals given on the website of the Higher Attestation Commission of Russia, data from the website of the Russian Science Citation Index and information from the official websites of the journals and from other sources. To obtain quantitative indicators related to the journals, standard means of search engines provided by the abovementioned resources were used. Data on the population of the countries and the number of researchers in them were taken from official statistics.

Results. Data about the number of journals published in the post-Soviet states and indexed by Scopus, Web of Science and the Russian Science Citation Index, as well as those included in the list of the Higher Attestation Commission of Russia have been analyzed. Information on the publication activities of authors from the post-Soviet states has been evaluated as absolute and relative indicators. A number of common features of the editorial policies and practical activities of the considered journals have been identified as well as their approaches to the use of publication languages, to the issue of translated editions, to the formation of editorial boards and to the involvement of national and foreign authors.

Discussion and Conclusion. Electronic repositories of scientific information play a crucial role in the formation of international and national scientific spaces. The materials presented in this article may be useful for coping with research tasks related to scientific periodicals as well as to support decision-making by heads of scientific units, editorial and publishing complexes.
Ethnosociological Studies in the Republic of Mordovia in 1990–2010: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Kozin Vladimir V. , Ushkin Sergey G.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Ethnosociological monitoring in a polyethnic region is conducted not only due to the need for an assessment of the public policy regulation in this field, but also due to the increase in the heuristic potential for preventing various kinds of social conflicts. The objective of the paper is to identify the dynamics of the development of interethnic relations in the Republic of Mordovia and the influence of various stratification processes on the development of ethnic relations, based on a comparative analysis of scientific studies.

Materials and Methods. Regular sociological measurements carried out by the Research Institute of Regionology under Ogarev Mordovia State University and by the Scientific Center for Social and Economic Monitoring in 1990–2010 were used as the research materials. The interpretation of the results was carried out using the institutional, comparative and natural historical methods.

Results. The main trends in the development of mass consciousness of the population of a polyethnic region in the context of various socio-political periods of the development of Russia have been revealed: from the ‘parade of sovereignties’ that followed the collapse of the Soviet Union to the reactualization of the ideology of a strong multiethnic Russian state. It has been emphasized that over the years, the main reasons exerting a negative impact on the nature of interethnic relations have mainly been not the interethnic conflicts, but the politically or economically marked factors (the economic crisis, inflation, appointment to managerial posts based on the ethnicity of a person, income inequality between representatives of different ethnic origins, etc.).

Discussion and Conclusion. Although interethnic relations in the Republic of Mordovia has almost never achieved an increased level of conflict, the republic’s leadership was able to build an effective system for regulating them, which made it possible to minimize the degree of social and ethnic tension in society. The article may be useful to scientists and practitioners in the field of the development of interethnic relations and to all those interested in the issues of ethnosociology.
Thinking in the Future of Plant Taxonomy
Authors: Taia Wafaa Kamal
Published: January 2020

This review is a trial to summarize the history of plant taxonomy to understand the situation of the taxonomical works and their progression. Taxonomy starts as an artificial classification and gradually with the increase of knowledge, civilization and facilities, plant taxonomy developed. Here, the most affected steps in the progression of plant taxonomy have been mentioned. Starting from the oldest period of using vegetative, floral and anatomical characters to the most recent works on palynology, chemotaxonomy and molecular biological data. Thinking of the modern plant taxonomy has been mentioned in response to the environmental changes and peoples thinking. Experimental biology and breeding experiments must be done to understand the way of speciation and to protect the wild species from extinction. Taxonomy must be cooperating with ecology for better understanding of the changing in the taxonomic characters and to precise identifications. Taxonomists have to survey the vegetation and try to find ways to protect the plants. We have to understand the relationships between the taxa in the populations. We have to modulate our thinking according to the new situation. Meanwhile the environmental conditions and their effect on plant characters must be kept in mind, as new species may arise and other extinct
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Perovskites
Authors: Patel Prachi , Nayak Pabitra K.
Published: January 2020

Perovskite solar cells are at the edge of commercial success. Device efficiency records break at a regular pace, while stability and optimization are progressing rapidly. The first commercial products could reach the market within the next year, only a decade since perovskite photovoltaics were first discovered. MRS Bulletin presents coverage of the most recent impactful advances in the burgeoning field of perovskite research.
Ultrasound evaluation of schistosomiasis-related morbidity among the Xakriabá people in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Marinho Carolina Coimbra , Nicolato Aline Joice Pereira Gonçalves , Reis Vivian Walter , Santos Rosiane Cristina dos , Silva Jaime Costa , Faria Henrique Pereira , Machado-Coelho George Luiz Lins
Published: January 2020

Abstract Objective: To use ultrasound to investigate the morbidity related to schistosomiasis in the Xakriabá indigenous population. Materials and Methods: This was a field-based census study conducted in the territory of the Xakriabá people. A total of 166 individuals were invited, and 148 (≤ 77 years of age) agreed to participate. Most participants underwent abdominal ultrasound, physical examination, and stool examination. Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used for comparisons. We determined risk by calculating odds ratio (OR) and performed logistic regression analysis. Results: Schistosoma mansoni eggs were found in 31 (26.7%) of the 116 stool samples examined, 22 (70.9%) of the 31 being from individuals 4-16 years of age. The median count was 144 eggs/g of feces (interquartile range, 264). Of the 105 participants examined with ultrasound, 68 (64.8%) had hepatomegaly (left lobe), 6 (5.7%) had splenomegaly, and 4 (3.8%) had portal hypertension. Egg-positive stool samples were more common in those with an enlarged left lobe (OR = 3.4; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1-11.2; p = 0.043). Periportal fibrosis was found in 30 participants (28.6%), of whom 9 (30%) had pattern C, 10 (33.3%) had pattern D, and 11 (36.7%) had pattern Dc. Age was the only independent risk factor for fibrosis (p = 0.007). Fibrosis was up to nine-fold more common in alcohol drinkers than in nondrinkers (OR = 9.28; 95% CI: 2.60-33.06; p < 0.001). Among the 138 participants in whom the clinical form was classified, the chronic hepatic form was identified in 54 (39.1%), of whom 32 (59.2%) were under 30 years of age and one (1.8%) was hepatosplenic. Conclusion: Schistosomiasis in the Xakriabá population is characterized by a high frequency of egg-positive stool samples, predominantly in children/adolescents, and by chronic hepatic form in the young, especially among alcohol drinkers.
Hatchability of gemmules of two Neotropical freshwater sponges (Porifera: Spongillida)
Authors: Calheira Ludimila , Santos Paulo J. P. , Pinheiro Ulisses
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT Inland waters experience extreme environmental conditions determining the evolution of several adaptive strategies of the fauna to these variable conditions. Freshwater sponges produce resisting bodies called gemmules that contain totipotent cells and specialized spicules (gemmuloscleres). Completely formed gemmules exhibit low metabolic rates and may become dormant during periods of environmental stress. Until now, few species had their hatchability tested against different environmental conditions. The purpose of the present study was to test the capacity of hatching gemmules of two freshwater sponge species (Heteromeyenia cristalina Batista, Volkmer-Ribeiro & Melão, 2007 and Radiospongilla inesi Nicacio & Pinheiro, 2011) from inland waters from different localities. Five assays were tested (A): A1 (water of sponge collection site); A2 (Pirangi River water); A3 (Araraquara Pond water); A4 (mineral water) and A5 (A1 after drying gemmules). For each assay, three replicates with 30 gemmules were used. The gemmules were observed daily during 30 days. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA and a posteriori Tukey test. Results showed that gemmules from both species submitted to A3 have not hatched, probably due to its very high conductivity. There was a significant difference between assays (A1, A2 and A4) and between species (F2, 12 = 77.2; P < 0.001). Comparison between A1 and A5 showed significant differences between both assays and species (F1, 8 = 27.5; P < 0.001). Radiospongilla inesi presented high hatching rate at all assays, while H. cristalina had a high hatching rate only on A1 and A5. Results clearly show that each species has a different capacity of hatching.
Outbreak of enzootic ataxia in goats and sheep in the state of Bahia
Authors: Fontes Thanielle N. , Carvalho Jeferson S. , Mendonça Múcio F.F. , Farias Soraya S. , Mori Clara Satsuki , Silva Danielle N. , Madureira Karina M. , Peixoto Tiago C.
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to describe for the first time the clinical-epidemiological, laboratory and pathological aspects of different forms of enzootic ataxia in goats and lambs in the state of Bahia, as well as to propose an emergency oral treatment with copper sulfate in an individualized way for neonates. Three outbreaks of enzootic ataxia were studied. The history, clinical signs and epidemiological data were obtained from the owners and checked during the visits. The first outbreak (FO) occurred in 2013 in a property located in the municipality of Itaberaba and affected a herd composed of 90 goats and 130 sheep. The second outbreak (SO) occurred in 2014 in the municipality of Santa Luz and affected a herd of 90 goats and 110 sheep. The third outbreak (TO) occurred in 2018, in a property located in the same municipality of the SO, being the herd constituted by 80 sheep. Samples of blood were collected from all goats and sheep treated for serum copper dosage. Nine animals (five goats and four sheep) that presented a more severe clinical picture and unfavorable prognosis were necropsied for diagnostic confirmation. During the necropsy of the FO, SO and TO animals, liver samples were collected for copper dosage as well as fragments of several organs for histopathology. At the site where the SO occurred, samples of soil and the main forages where the animals were kept were collected to determine copper, iron, molybdenum, sulfur and zinc contents. The clinical and histopathological findings in the three outbreaks studied were characteristic of enzootic ataxia. In the outbreaks studied, the frequency of enzootic ataxia was higher in goats (52) than in lambs (39). In the goats the mean values of serum copper (0.05mg/kg) and hepatic (2.48mg/kg) of the FO and SO were well below their respective reference values, 12 times lower than serum levels and eight times lower in relation to liver contents. On the other hand, TO sheep presented mean values of serum copper (0.015mg/kg) reduced by 40 times. The levels of iron and sulfur were high in the fodder of the property where the SO occurred, already in the soil, iron levels were high and copper levels were reduced. The treatment tested in neonates and lambs with two doses of copper sulphate solution orally at a dose of 20mg/kg for sheep and 35mg/kg for goats during the first and second week of life was effective in prevention of enzootic ataxia in neonates and can be used for emergency control of the disease. The occurrence of enzootic ataxia (congenital and late form) in goats and sheep was first reported in Bahia. It is also worth noting that this disease caused by copper deficiency has caused great damage to the breeders of small ruminants, mainly due to the high mortality of the animals affected.
Dimensionalidade fractal e invariância de escala em circuitos elétricos AC e linhas de transmissão
Authors: Santos Sthefany , Amorim Byanca , Menezes Natalia Pereira , Lima Ariane A. , Thomazi Fabiano , Zanella Fernando , Heilmann Armando , Burkarter E. , Dartora C.A.
Published: January 2020

Resumo A geometria fractal fascina pela capacidade de descrever formas geométricas complexas e que usualmente estão presentes no mundo real . A dimensão fractal ou de Hausdorff d é utilizada para descrever leis de invariância de escala, em que as funções autossimilares seguem uma lei da forma f ( s x ) = s d f ( x ), sendo s o fator de escala. Intimamente relacionado ao problema da invariância de escala está o problema da determinação dos pontos fixos de um sistema, que matematicamente correspondem aos pontos que mapeiam o domínio de uma função para ele mesmo. Em sistemas dinâmicos correspondem ao valor para o qual a resposta do sistema usualmente converge e permanece estável. Na presente contribuição são apresentados os conceitos gerais associados à invariância de escala e ponto fixo, para prontamente empregá-los no problema de associação de impedâncias complexas em série e em topologia de escada. São discutidos em detalhes o problema da função de transferência de linhas de transmissão e o estudo de alguns gráficos de fluxo (flow graphs) de convergência das equações de recursividade.
Avance genético y políticas de anonimato
Authors: Lima Natacha Salomé , Rossi Mariela
Published: January 2020

Resumen En los últimos años se ha incrementado en Argentina la cantidad de tratamientos de reproducción asistida con donación de gametos (óvulos y/o espermatozoides). La filiación por técnicas de reproducción asistida heterólogas interroga la tradicional “herencia de sangre” objeto de estudio privilegiado de las ciencias sociales. En las últimas décadas, el paradigma sobre el anonimato de los donantes ha cambiado en muchos países. A su vez, se ha sugerido que los rápidos y generalizados avances en las pruebas genéticas podrían modificar las políticas de anonimato. ¿Cuáles son las consecuencias de fundamentar la revelación de la información genética/identificatoria sobre la base del mayor acceso que posibilitan los test genéticos? La presente reflexión parte de dos vertientes: la pública – que analiza las paradojas que encierra el articulado del nuevo Código Civil y Comercial (2015) – y la íntima, que ubica las coordenadas sobre las que se inscribe la transmisión singular de los orígenes.