bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumer Perceptions of Plant Production Practices that Aid Pollinator Insects’ Health
Authors: Khachatryan Hayk , Rihn Alicia
Published: June 2017

Declining pollinator insect populations has become an important environmental concern in recent years. Despite widespread awareness, consumer perceptions of production practices (i.e., natural and organic) and effects on pollinator health are not well understood. This study assessed consumer perceptions of pollinator-friendly plant production practices in nursery production systems for food crop plants and landscape plants. Understanding consumer perceptions of horticultural production practices related to pollinator health is important because this impacts consumers’ product selection (e.g., landscape and food crop plants), sales, and the availability of pollinator-friendly products in the residential landscape. We used an online survey of 1243 U.S. consumers who ranked the importance of 11 different production practices for both food crops and landscape plants. Results were analyzed using an ordered probit model and showed that plant type influences perceived importance of the production practices. For food crop plants, grown without pesticides practice was perceived as the best production method for pollinator health, whereas grown outside practice was ranked the highest for landscape plants. Grown using synthetic pesticides practice was ranked the least beneficial method regardless of plant type. Results contribute new insights into consumers’ perceptions of pollinator-friendly production practices relative to plant type (i.e., landscape vs. food crop plants) which green industry stakeholders can use as they assess production methods or marketing strategies.
Transmission and Persistence of Salmonella enterica in Nutrient Solution of Hydroponic Greenhouse Grown Tomatoes
Authors: Coleman Shannon M. , Bisha Bledar , Newman Steven E. , Bunning Marisa , Goodridge Lawrence D.
Published: June 2017

Hydroponic greenhouse tomato production’s popularity has grown in the United States to meet the demands for year-round availability of fresh tomatoes. Although Salmonella has been the cause of several foodborne illness outbreaks linked to tomatoes, the potential for contamination in hydroponic production is not well understood. The objectives of this study were to determine whether biweekly inoculation of Salmonella in a hydroponic tomato nutrient solution would lead to Salmonella survival and contamination of the tomato fruit and plants, hydroponic nutrient film technique (NFT) troughs, and water receptacles. An avirulent strain of Salmonella Typhimurium was used to contaminate the nutrient solution at a concentration of 105 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL. Inoculation was conducted on day 0 and biweekly until the termination of project at 12 weeks; samples were filtered and plated on selective media. Leaves and biofilm coupons were collected on day 0 and every 2 weeks postinoculation. Leaf samples were analyzed using culture methods. The biofilm coupons were analyzed using tape fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method. Fruit samples were collected 6 weeks postinoculation until termination of project and analyzed using culture methods. Typical Salmonella morphology of colonies on plates streaked from overnight cultures from plant samples were confirmed by automated ribotyping. A 2-log10 reduction of cells was observed in water samples 2 days post initial inoculation. Reduction continued over the 2-week period with few cells surviving until the next inoculation. S. Typhimurium was observed on the surface of the root systems. However, a splash incident resulted in low-level contamination of selected leaves and fruit samples. The results of the study indicate that although contaminated hydroponic nutrient solution led to surface contamination of roots, such an event may not pose a high risk of contamination of hydroponically grown fruit.
Estimating Strawberry Attributes’ Market Equilibrium Values
Authors: Choi Jong Woo , Yue Chengyan , Luby James , Zhao Shuoli , Gallardo Karina , McCracken Vicki , McFerson Jim
Published: June 2017

We conducted choice experiments with both strawberry producers and consumers. Consumer and producer willingness to pay (WTP) for the fruit attributes were estimated using mixed logit models. Through simulation using the mixed logit model results, we derived the market equilibrium prices, supply and demand curve, as well as quantities demanded and supplied for every fruit attribute. We found the highest equilibrium price was for strawberry internal color followed by flavor. Strawberry breeders can use the information when setting breeding targets, allocating resources appropriately during their breeding process and focusing on the improvement of attributes that produce the highest social surplus and total revenue.
Caneburning Effects on Weeds, Primocane Growth, and Fruit Yield in Pacific Northwest Red Raspberry
Authors: Duan Yushan , Walters Thomas W. , Miller Timothy W.
Published: June 2017

A large percentage of North American processing red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is produced in maritime areas of western regions in Washington, British Columbia, and Oregon. Most of these raspberry plantings are caneburned; they are treated with herbicides in early spring to remove the first-emerging primocanes in an attempt to reduce their competition with floricanes during flowering and fruiting and thereby increase fruit yield. Trials were conducted in northwestern Washington to determine the effect of carfentrazone and oxyfluorfen applied for primocane management in three currently grown raspberry cultivars. Although caneburning did provide early season weed control in treated plots, weed control fell below 70% in the commercial ‘Meeker’ field more quickly each year: at 138 days after treatment (DAT) in 2010, 71 DAT in 2011, and 47 DAT in 2012, compared with greater than 80% control at the end of each season when the soil residual herbicide terbacil was applied. Oxyfluorfen provided longer suppression of primocane growth than did carfentrazone, particularly in ‘Cascade Bounty’ but also to a lesser extent in ‘Meeker’. Caneburning did not improve raspberry yield in five of the six tested years for ‘Meeker’, or in any of the five tested years for ‘Cascade Bounty’ or the single year for ‘Coho’, although the trend was for greater yield with caneburning across all cultivars. Oxyfluorfen improved 3-year ‘Meeker’ average yield 43% from nontreated raspberry in the commercial field trial, compared with a 29% increase with carfentrazone.
Responses of Tomato to Potassium Rates in a Calcareous Soil
Authors: Zhu Qiang , Ozores-Hampton Monica , Li Yuncong , Morgan Kelly , Liu Guodong , Mylavarapu Rao S.
Published: June 2017

Florida produces the most vegetables in the United States during the winter season with favorable weather conditions. However, vegetables grown on calcareous soils in Florida have no potassium (K) fertilizer recommendation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of K rates on leaf tissue K concentration (LTKC), plant biomass, fruit yield, and postharvest quality of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) grown on a calcareous soil. The experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 2014 and 2015 in Homestead, FL. Potassium fertilizers were applied at rates of 0, 56, 93, 149, 186, and 223 kg·ha−1 of K and divided into preplant dry fertilizer and fertigation during the season. No deficiency of LTKC was found at 30 days after transplanting (DAT) in both years. Potassium rates lower than 149 kg·ha−1 resulted in deficient LTKC at 95 DAT in 2014. No significant responses to K rates were observed in plant (leaf, stem, and root combined) dry weight biomass at all the sampling dates in both years. However, at 95 DAT, fruit dry weight biomass increased with increasing K rates to 130 and 147 kg·ha−1, reaching a plateau thereafter indicated by the linear-plateau models in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Predicted from quadratic and linear-plateau models, K rates of 173 and 178 kg·ha−1 were considered as the optimum rates for total season marketable yields in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Postharvest qualities, including fruit firmness, pH, and total soluble solids (TSS) content, were not significantly affected by K rates in both years. Overall, K rate of 178 kg·ha−1 was sufficient to grow tomato during the winter season in calcareous soils with 78 to 82 mg·kg−1 of ammonium bicarbonate-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (AB-DTPA)-extracted K in Florida.
Photosynthetic Responses of Swiss Chard, Kale, and Spinach Cultivars to Irradiance and Carbon Dioxide Concentration
Authors: Erwin John , Gesick Esther
Published: June 2017

The impact of irradiance (0–1200 μmol·m−2·s−1) and carbon dioxide concentration (CO2; 50–1200 ppm) on kale (Brassica oleracea and B. napus pabularia; three cultivars), Swiss chard (chard, Beta vulgaris; four cultivars), and spinach (Spinacea oleracea; three cultivars) photosynthetic rate (Pn; per area basis) was determined to facilitate maximizing yield in controlled environment production. Spinach, chard, and kale maximum Pn were 23.8, 20.3, and 18.2 μmol CO2·m−2·s−1 fixed, respectively, across varieties (400 ppm CO2). Spinach and kale had the highest and lowest light compensation points [LCPs (73 and 13 μmol·m−2·s−1, respectively)] across varieties. The light saturation points (LSPs) for chard and kale were similar at 884–978 μmol·m−2·s−1, but for spinach, the LSP was higher at 1238 μmol·m−2·s−1. Dark respiration was lowest on kale and highest on spinach (−0.83 and −5.00 μmol CO2·m−2·s−1, respectively). The spinach CO2 compensation point (CCP) was lower (56 ppm) than the chard or kale CCP (64–65 ppm). Among varieties, ‘Red Russian’ kale Pn saturated at the lowest CO2 concentration (858 ppm), and ‘Bright Lights’ chard saturated at the highest (1266 ppm; 300 μmol·m−2·s−1). Spinach Pn was more responsive to increasing irradiance than to CO2. Kale Pn was more responsive to increasing CO2 than to irradiance, and chard Pn was equally responsive to increasing CO2 or irradiance. Implications and limitations of this work when “upscaling” to whole-plant responses are discussed.
Plastic-mulched Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Plant Growth and Fruit Yield and Quality as Influenced by Irrigation Rate and Calcium Fertilization
Authors: Díaz-Pérez Juan Carlos , Hook James E.
Published: June 2017

Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants have a high demand for water and nutrients. Water stress on bell pepper is associated with reduced yields and incidence of blossom-end rot (BER). High irrigation rates are commonly applied to maximize yields. Excessive irrigation rates, however, may negatively affect bell pepper plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation rates and calcium fertilization on plant growth and fruit yield and quality. Trials were conducted in the spring of 2001, 2003, and 2005 at the University of Georgia, Tifton Campus. Drip-irrigated bell pepper (‘Camelot’ or ‘Stiletto’) plants were grown on black plastic mulch. Plants were irrigated with rates that ranged from 33% to 167% of the rate of crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Results showed that irrigation at 70% ETc (2001), 67% ETc (2003), and 50% ETc (2003) were sufficient to maximize vegetative growth and fruit yield and provided yields similar to those at 100% ETc. Leaf net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance (gS) were reduced, and incidence of BER was increased with reduced irrigation rates (33% and 67% ETc). Incidences of soilborne diseases (Pythium spp. and Phytophtora capsici) tended to increase in plants receiving excessive irrigation rates (167% ETc). Irrigation rate also affected fruit quality; incidence of BER and fruit soluble solids were both increased at 33% ETc. Calcium fertilization had no effect on soil water content (SWC), plant growth, and incidence of soilborne diseases, and an inconsistent effect on fruit yield and incidence of BER. In conclusion, there is potential for use of irrigation at rates below 100% ETc. Reduced irrigation diminished the volumes of water applied and provided fruit yields similar to those at 100% ETc. Excessive irrigation rates (167% ETc or above) wasted water and resulted in both higher incidences of soilborne diseases and reduced bell pepper yields.
La doctrina del margen de apreciación nacional. Su recepción en el Sistema Europeo de Derechos Humanos, en el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos y en Argentina, en relación con los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales
Authors: López Alfonsín Marcelo Alberto
Published: June 2017

El margen de apreciación nacional es una pauta hermenéutica nacida en el Sistema Europeo que profiere a los Estados un margen de deferencia para que interpreten las normas convencionales, atendiendo al contacto más directo que las autoridades nacionales tienen con la sociedad civil. Ello tiene particular aplicación en los casos que involucran derechos económicos, sociales y culturales. Los alcances de esta teoría han trascendido las fronteras hasta ser receptados por el Sistema Interamericano y Argentina, en particular. Las diferencias contextuales permiten realizar una comparación que muestran al Sistema Interamericano en una posición más retrasada respecto a su par europeo. En el caso argentino, se ha reconocido la teoría, pero no ha alcanzado un fructífero desarrollo.
El Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales: su aplicación efectiva respecto de la vivienda digna en la República Argentina
Authors: Spaccarotella Sabrina Daniela
Published: June 2017

Este artículo pretende hacer un pequeño análisis de la aplicación del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales, específicamente en lo referido al acceso a una vivienda digna y adecuada en la República Argentina, y la respuesta que ha dado el Estado nacional a través de sus poderes (Poder Ejecutivo, Poder Legislativo, Poder Judicial) y los Estados provinciales mediante sus políticas y sentencias, a fin de alcanzar la concreción de este derecho reconocido internacionalmente en virtud del PIDESC e incorporado a la Constitución Nacional en su art. 75 inc. 22, otorgándole jerarquía superior a las leyes.
Mecanismos de defensa del consumidor en el ordenamiento jurídico argentino
Authors: Wasserman Marcela J. , Tambussi Carlos Eduardo
Published: June 2017

Reseñamos en este trabajo las distintas acciones que posee el consumidor perjudicado por el incumplimiento del proveedor en diversos supuestos, por las cuales, y cumplidos sus presupuestos legales, el consumidor puede obtener la reparación o la sustitución del bien defectuoso o del servicio que haya sido prestado deficientemente y, por otro lado, la acción estimatoria o reducción delprecio, y en última instancia, la resolución del contrato, conforme al régimen tuitivo consumidor en el derecho argentino. El primer supuesto nace del carácter vinculante de la oferta hecha por el proveedor, y tiene su base en la satisfacción de las expectativas puestas por el consumidor al contratar. El segundo versa sobre la garantía legal y la imposición normativa de la garantía de servicio técnico adecuado y provisión de partes y repuestos. Por último, nos referiremos a la especial consideración que respecto a los vicios redhibitorios tiene el derecho del consumo, tanto en la ley especial como en el nuevo Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación.
Nuevo enfoque de la estomatología forense, en base al estudio de mordedura humana en pacientes con lesiones por violencia familiar y lesiones comunes en las localidades del Bajo Piura
Authors: Rodríguez Velarde Giancarlo Jesús , Conde Leurtua Jorge
Published: June 2017

Con este trabajo se busca encontrar la relación de mordedura humana en pacientes con lesiones por violencia familiar y lesiones comunes en las localidades del Bajo Piura, en la jurisdicción de la División-Médico Legal I de Catacaos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, exploratorio, transversal y descriptivo de casos y controles del 2009 al 2010. La intervención incluyó la totalidad de la población de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión (2077 casos), y se recolectó la información utilizando una ficha valorada por opinión de expertos, por lo que después se analizaron los datos a través de las pruebas no paramétricas.
Modeling the impact of land use changes on river flows in Arror watershed, Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya
Authors: Chebet Catherine , Odenyo Victor A. O. , Kipkorir Emmanuel C.
Published: June 2017

Water scarcity has become a serious global problem. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand land use changes in watershed areas and their impact on river flows. This study models the impact of land use changes on river flows in the Arror watershed in Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya. The primary study sources included remotely sensed and socio-economic data. Landsat 5 thematic mappers for 1986, 2000 and 2012 (resolution 30 m) were used. A 90 m Digital Elevation Model resolution was used to delineate the Arror watershed. Secondary data included climate, river discharge and soil data. Field surveys and questionnaires were used to collect socio-economic data. GIS was integrated with a Soil and Water Assessment Tool model to determine the impact of land use changes on water quantity. The calibration goodness of fit results for the model were 0.9 and 0.8, for EF (Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency) and R-squared, respectively. The results show a reduction of 3.5% of deciduous forest and 11.8% of grassland, while agricultural land increased by 14.3% from 1986 to 2012. The 1986, 2000 and 2012 land uses yielded an annual average flow of 2.0, 2.5 and 1.9 m3/s respectively. Flow variation was attributed mainly to land use changes. Agroforestry and afforestation are recommended for sustainable watershed management.
The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process: results from pilot testing and techno-economic assessment
Authors: Rus E. , Mills N. , Shana A. , Perrault A. , Fountain P. , Thorpe R. B. , Ouki S. , Nilsen P. J.
Published: June 2017

Thermal hydrolysis has proven to be an efficient pre-treatment process for sludge before anaerobic digestion (AD), by thermally enhancing organic matter hydrolysis. Recent research has shown that a new configuration with the existing technology can further enhance the efficiency of the system. The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process (ITHP) has been explored and tested in the Sludge and Energy Innovation Centre pilot plant located at Basingstoke sewage treatment works for a period of 15 months. The pilot facility has allowed operational considerations to be explored and understood to inform the design and construction of full scale. ITHP results showed a volatile solids destruction of 64% and an average overall specific gas production of 503 m3/TDS. Furthermore, techno-economic analysis was used to compare conventional thermal hydrolysis process (THP) with surplus activated sludge (SAS) only THP and ITHP. Data captured from operational sites, laboratory scale experiments and the large scale ITHP pilot plant, was used in the model. The results showed that ITHP offers an excellent solution for energy recovery having the best economic return, but overall the largest CapEx. SAS only THP is the cheapest to build but does not perform as well as conventional THP and ITHP. Conventional THP remains an excellent solution when space and AD volume is constrained.
Fouling membrane in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating municipal wastewater
Authors: Cerón-Vivas A. , Noyola A.
Published: June 2017

An anaerobic membrane reactor (AnMBR) treating municipal wastewater was evaluated. The experiments were performed using a pilot-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor with a submerged tubular ultrafiltration membrane at a hydraulic retention time of 8 hours. The system worked at an intermittent filtration mode (4 min on/1 min off) with and without nitrogen gas bubbling during the relaxation time (IF4NP and IF4P, respectively). The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal achieved by the AnMBR was 68.6% and 87.9% for IF4P and IF4NP. Nitrogen bubbling also improved the filtration performance, as the elapsed time to reach 40 kPa for IF4NP and IF4P were 443 and 108 hours, respectively. Results show that intermittent filtration combined with nitrogen bubbling during the period of relaxation was an effective operation strategy in order to minimize membrane fouling and to increase COD removal.
A holistic approach to water supply network operation – using desalination to improve cost efficiency
Authors: Jewell A. , Alepin C.
Published: June 2017

Seqwater is one of Australia's largest water businesses, with one of the most geographically spread and diverse asset bases. This includes 37 water treatment plants (WTPs), more than 600 km of bulk water supply pipeline, and the Gold Coast Desalination Plant (GCDP) constructed as part of the South East Queensland Millennium Drought response. The production of desalinated water has a greater unit-volumetric cost than the treatment of surface water due to high production energy costs. This paper presents the holistic approach adopted by Seqwater to find a solution for supply contingency while undertaking necessary upgrades and maintenance at the Mudgeeraba WTP. Through a process of network modelling, system risk mapping and financial analysis, it was demonstrated that operating the GCDP for 18 days would provide the best value solution due to the operating costs being offset by bulk supply network operational efficiency improvements.
The role of Greater Copenhagen Utility in implementing the city's Cloudburst Management Plan
Authors: Ziersen J. , Clauson-Kaas J. , Rasmussen J.
Published: June 2017

This paper describes Greater Copenhagen Utility's role in planning, coordinating and implementing Copenhagen's Climate Change Adaptation Plan and Cloudburst management strategy. Detailed hydraulic modelling of the seven catchments in the city resulted in the preparation of a cloudburst management plan with more than 350 interventions, at a budget of EUR 1.3 billion. Among the planned projects are designated cloudburst boulevards, retention spaces, green roads and cloudburst tunnels. The joint efforts in coordinating climate change adaptation with city planning and infrastructure implementation, are shown to be key to succeeding with the projects. Stakeholder involvement in preparing the cloudburst management strategy is important in identifying the optimal solutions.
The age, distribution, and geochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Ordovician limestone aquifer in the Huaibei coalfield, China
Authors: Chen Song , Gui Herong
Published: June 2017

In this study, we collected 22 groundwater samples and supporting measurements from different coal-mining districts in the Huaibei coalfield to examine the age, hydro-chemical characteristics, and evolution of groundwater in the Ordovician limestone aquifer (OA). We determined the groundwater concentrations of major ions, stable isotopes (hydrogen and oxygen) and a radio isotope (14C). All the samples were alkaline in nature, and had pH values between 7.10 and 10.80. The total dissolved solids (TDS) contents varied from 119 to 2,443 mg/l. The concentrations of δD and δ18O in groundwater varied from −64.32‰ to −42.76‰, and from −8.62‰ to −5.40‰, with mean values of −56.38‰ and −7.62‰, respectively. The groundwater at OA is recharged by rainfall or surface water, and, because of either the long residence time or runoff into the aquifer, is influenced by water-rock interactions. The age of the groundwater in the OA ranged from 2,660a to 10,040a, and the groundwaters were youngest and oldest in the Renlou and Yangzhuang coal mines, respectively. Contour diagrams of TDS in groundwater, the groundwater age, and the spatial distribution of the water types indicated that the Renlou and Yangzhuang mines were the recharge and discharge areas, respectively.
Investigating nitrogen removal using simultaneous nitrification-denitrification in transferring wastewater through collection networks with small-diameter pipes
Authors: Babanezhad E. , Amini Rad H. , Hosseini Karimi S. S. , Qaderi F.
Published: June 2017

This study evaluates the removal of nitrogen compounds from wastewater in modified, small diameter gravity slope (SDGS) pipes during its conveyance. A 13-meter long, closed loop, wastewater collection network was designed and built at laboratory scale. The modified SDGS consists of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) tubes with perforated plastic netting fixed to the inner surfaces, to enhance biofilm attachment and growth under gravity flow. The system was operated at constant temperature using synthetic wastewater similar to municipal wastewater. The efficiency of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) removal at initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations of 340, 570, and 860 mg/L was studied. The NH3-N batch concentrations tested were 4.58, 6.32, and 9.48 mg/L, respectively. The results showed that nitrogen loss under aerobic conditions may have been due to simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, which began to operate when the biofilm was between 2.5 and 5.5 mm thick. A maximum NH3-N removal efficiency of 75% was achieved following 10 hours' circulation period, at a COD concentration of 570 mg/L.
The research of the state of prosthetic bed tissues in patients with pemphigus vulgaris.
Authors: Henyk Bohdan Lyubomyrovych , Rozko Mykola Mykhaylovych
Published: June 2017

The clinical examination of condition of tissues prosthetic bed was conducted in 20 patients with  pemphigus vulgaris. The results are compared with survey data of 20 persons of control group without somatic pathology. It was conducted the analyzes of subjective and objective assessment of tissues prosthetic bed, the results of clinical examination and frequency of various pathologies of the oral mucosa membrane in the studied groups, conducted the comparative evaluation of dental indicators.
Prediction of Employees’ Performance of an Organization Using Bayesian Network
Authors: Mohajer Faranak Salman
Published: June 2017

The assessment of employees’ performance in an organization not only identifies the staff abilities, but also has a significant role in improvement of that organization’s performance; the reason is that by encouraging staff in optimal performing their tasks, the productivity of the organization would be improved. There are several ways to assess the performance of employees; each can be used in its own place. The managers must select the best way of assessment for their organizations and perform the assessment according to that way in order to reduce the probability of error and increase the accuracy of the assessment. In this article, it was attempted to present a model for assessment, using Bayesian network tools that has a lower level of error and a high level of accuracy and needs less time for assessment. To do this, at first the effective components in assessment are specified, then the dataset are provided for this components and by separating the values of this dataset, its Bayesian network is created and finally we use the created model for the assessment.
Is Hunger Destined to be Perpetual in Burundi?
Authors: Fry Lincoln J.
Published: June 2017

Hunger is a worldwide problem, and Africa is the continent with the world’s highest percentage of hungry persons; Burundi is Africa’s hungriest country. This paper addresses hunger in Burundi and then identifies the factors that predict hunger in that country. Burundi is a rural country and its rural population will receive a great deal of attention in this paper, especially because the study looks closely at literature’s suggestion that farmers may be hungrier than the rest of the population, and gender may be a factor. This study is based on a national probability sample of 1,200 Burundi respondents included in Round 6 of the Afrobarometer survey conducted in 2014. The search is for policy related factors that would help alleviate Burundi’s hunger problem. To preview the findings, this study did not find any light at the end of the tunnel. The factors that predicted hunger were primarily immutable indicators, education, agriculture as an occupation, and wealth, as measured by assets owned. Over 80 percent of the respondents felt the government was not ensuring that people had enough to eat. Eighty-seven percent were unemployed, 86 percent were rural residents and 71 percent of the respondents reported some degree of hunger, about one-fourth reported being hungry all of the time. The gender and hunger relationship was significant at the bivariate level, but that relationship disappeared in the ordered logistical analysis.
Anthocyanin, Lutein, Polyphenol Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Black, Red and White Pigmented Rice Varieties
Authors: Ponnappan Saravanan , Thangavel Arun , Sahu Omprakash
Published: June 2017

Colour rice varieties are rich in antioxidants and functional based properties such as anthocyanin, lutein and phenolic compounds. In this experiment, two of red pigmented (TPS-1and TKM-9), one white (glutinous rice) and black pigmented rice varieties are cultivated from India were analysed to determine their antioxidants and nutrition based functional properties. Based on the result, the anthocyanin content was very high on black rice than other variety contents up to 244.45 mg/100 g. Polyphenol compound were varied significantly within the compared varieties. Highest polyphenol compound content (463.05 mg/100 g) was found in the black rice and also showed rich antioxidant properties. Obviously, black rice rich source of lutein compound was also higher than other varieties where under the experimental condition. DPPH (Determination of 2, 20-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging ability) scavenging capacity starting from 69.46% to 76.4% ranged to level of remain DPPH.
Nuevas colonias, nuevos espacios La vivienda en Santa María la Ribera
Authors: Tello Peón Berta E.
Published: June 2017

En este artículo se realiza un análisis de los tipos de viviendas que prevalecieron en las nuevas colonias de la Ciudad de México creadas a partir de las Leyes de Reforma y hasta el porfiriato. A través del caso de estudio de la colonia Santa María la Ribera se analizan los espacios domésticos de aquella clase media emergente, como reflejo de las costumbres de las personas que habitaban la diversidad de soluciones domésticas que se dieron en aquellas nuevas zonas urbanas de finales del siglo XIX y hasta el final del Porfiriato.
Determinación de las incertidumbres de la Habitabilidad en la vivienda de interés social de la unidad habitacional “El Rosario”
Authors: Cervantes Borja Jorge Fernando , Martínez Granados José Guadalupe
Published: June 2017

El artículo da cuenta de las condiciones de habitabilidad de las viviendas en la Unidad Habitacional El Rosario, conjunto urbano con cuatro décadas de construido, cuya ca- racterística principal fue el énfasis en los espacios abiertos dentro de una amplia gama de prototipos de viviendas. Con estos elementos urbanos y arquitectónicos, el objetivo de diseño esperado era que sus habitantes desarrollaran fuertes vínculos en las rela- ciones socio-espaciales, para preservar las características físicas de las viviendas y del conjunto habitacional. Sin embargo, esto no parece haber ocurrido, ya que el deterioro físico y la conflictividad de las relaciones sociales han sido el marco de un proceso de degradación que proyecta más incertidumbres que certezas.
Condición de la vivienda en la zona metropolitana del Valle de México Densidad, cobertura de infraestructura y satisfactores de bienes en 2010
Authors: Greene Castilo Fernando Pedreo
Published: June 2017

En este artículo se califican las condiciones de la vivienda de las 5,666 Áreas Geoes- tadísticas Básicas (AGEBs) que componen la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México (ZMVM). Esta investigación se realiza con la información publicada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) en el Censo de Población y Vivienda del año 2010 en México. En relación a la vivienda, se analizan para cada AGEB, su densi- dad, la cobertura de satisfactores de bienes y la cobertura de infraestructura urbana.
La vivienda energéticamente eficiente
Authors: Morales Ramírez José Diego
Published: June 2017

El déficit de vivienda en México se ha atendido a través de la construcción de viviendas en serie, sin embargo por una parte, no han sido suficientes para cubrir la demanda existente y por otra parte, los prototipos construidos no han presentado condiciones de habitabilidad adecuada para sus usuarios. Buena parte importante de la produc- ción de viviendas en el país se realiza por autoconstrucción, representando también viviendas inadecuadas al no contar con una guía técnica profesional para su diseño. El propósito del presente artículo consiste en plantear estrategias de diseño para la construcción de viviendas energéticamente eficientes que utilicen sistemas de climati- zación natural, aplicándolo en dos de los climas más críticos de México: el cálido seco extremo y el cálido húmedo, estrategias que podrían servir de guía para la población del país que realiza por autoconstrucción su vivienda.
Economía e higiene, conceptos claves para entender las viviendas de los años veinte del siglo XX en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Díaz Hernández María de Lourdes
Published: June 2017

En la tercera década del siglo XX se registró en la capital de México una escasez de viviendas. La fuerte inmigración de personas del campo a la ciudad, después de la fase armada de la Revolución de 1910, fue la causa principal de dicho fenómeno. Para resolver el problema se edificaron casas con base en los conceptos de economía e hi- giene. Lo primero, porque quienes solicitaban las viviendas eran personas de escasos recursos. Y la higiene, porque la mayoría de las viviendas que existían eran insalubres, lo que originaba uno de los índices de mortalidad más altos en el mundo. Casi todos los arquitectos que diseñaron y edificaron casas en aquella época tuvieron en mente estas dos nociones. En algunas colonias de la capital aún subsisten algunos modelos de viviendas, expresión de aquellos conceptos de economía e higiene, por lo que constitu- yen su aportación a la habitabilidad del siglo XX.
La construcción del México moderno y la intervención de Alberto J. Pani
Authors: Contreras Padilla Alejandra
Published: June 2017

Reseña del libro:  Alberto J. Pani.  Ma. de Loures Díaz Hernández.  UNAM:  México 2014.
Eco-alojamiento: condensación y expresión de tres dimensiones del proceso de diseño
Authors: Fregoso Lomas Sofía Constanza
Published: June 2017

En el ámbito de la planeación del ecoturismo, un eco-alojamiento (del inglés ecolodge, albergue ecológico) resuelve de manera particular la relación de la arquitectura con el paisaje. Al mismo tiempo, este objeto arquitectónico singular, en el imaginario del tu- rismo de naturaleza, es la mejor opción para llevar a cabo una buena práctica turística de bajo impacto. Más allá del objeto, interesa analizar tres dimensiones que convergen en él y el modo específico en que se expresan: el enunciado de las “necesidades” que lo detonan; la construcción del lenguaje arquitectónico, y el pensamiento ecológico que lo envuelve. En segundo lugar, se busca intentar integrarlas en un proceso y práctica de diseño arquitectónico comunes, a través de las visiones ecológicas de Morin, Bateson y Capra, con la finalidad de comprometer al practicante y a la práctica arquitectónica con sus soluciones de diseño, mismas que permitan la continuidad de la vida, la biodi- versidad, la conservación y la restauración ambientales. 
La vivienda colectiva en 1955 en México La tesis de titulación de Miguel de la Torre Carbó
Authors: Leal Menegus Alejandro
Published: June 2017

El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar y valorar la tesis de titulación que presentó Miguel de la Torre Carbó en 1955 en la entonces Escuela Nacional de Arquitectura de la UNAM. Este documento es una fuente histórica que permite acercarse a las inquie- tudes de una generación de arquitectos. La suya en particular se ocupó del problema de la vivienda colectiva, una inquietud importante a mediados del siglo XX en México y coincidente en su enfoque con la política del Estado iniciada desde la construcción de la Unidad Vecinal núm. 9 y hasta la inauguración del Conjunto Urbano Presidente Adolfo López Mateos de Nonoalco Tlatelolco. 
El proyecto de reutilización arquitectónica: hacia una valoración ampliada del patrimonio edificado
Authors: Soria López Francisco Javier , Guerreo Baca Luis Fernando
Published: June 2017

El texto expone la importancia que la reutilización del patrimonio edificado tiene, no sólo como práctica arquitectónica histórica sino, sobre todo, como acción de diseño sostenible en respuesta a las apremiantes circunstancias de deterioro cultural y am- biental que genera la acción humana sobre el medio ambiente que habita. Para ello la concepción tradicional de valores que justifican la salvaguardia de las construcciones preexistentes requiere ampliarse, rebasando la visión monumentalista que ha carac- terizado a la conservación patrimonial. El reto para la reutilización como proyecto arquitectónico, consiste en ser una herramienta de doble calado que mantenga las fuen- tes que permiten mantener la memoria del lugar que se interviene y simultáneamente genere espacios contemporáneos que respondan a las necesidades de la sociedad actual. 
La arquitectura religiosa católica en el pensamiento de Le Corbusier
Authors: Orozco Velázquez Verónica Lorena
Published: June 2017

Reseña Libro:

Fernández Cobia Esteban, Luis Burriel Bielza.  Le Corbusier.  Proyectos para la Iglesia Católica.  Editorial Diseño, Argentina, 2015 1a edición. 222 pp 
Seres sagrados y espacios simbólicos en los Andes Centrales
Authors: Limón Olvera Silvia
Published: June 2017

Diversos grupos andinos tradicionales han interpretado las montañas, las islas y las imágenes pétreas del paisaje como elementos sagrados, vivos y con voluntad propia. El presente artículo analiza el significado que han tenido en el imaginario social, así como los seres que los caracterizan. Igualmente, se muestra que los grupos andinos, a lo largo del tiempo, han construido una serie de concepciones a partir de mitos antiguos. Para ello se contrastan las creencias ancestrales en torno a los elementos arriba men- cionados, que fueron registradas en diversos documentos de los siglos XVI y XVII, con datos etnográficos recopilados a mediados del siglo XX en diferentes regiones de Perú. A través de dicha comparación se puede apreciar que muchas de las antiguas ideas han sobrevivido a pesar de los avatares del proceso histórico, pero también se observa la incorporación de conceptos y personajes que fueron traídos por los colonizadores eu- ropeos. De esta manera, se analiza el paisaje como una construcción ideológica que ha incidido en la relación que los habitantes peruanos han establecido con su territorio, así como su forma particular de apropiación. 
Gentrificación y mercado inmobiliario: destrucción creativa Modificación del espacio urbano y social
Authors: Valiñas Varela María Guadalupe
Published: June 2017

Doctora en urbanismo por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), maestra en dise- ño, gestión y dirección de proyectos arquitectónicos y urbanos por la Universidad de León, España, y maestra en administración de la construcción, maestra en valuación inmobiliaria e industrial por la Cámara Mexicana de la Industria de la Construcción (CMIC) y licenciada en arquitectura por La Salle (ULSA). Actualmente realiza una estancia posdoctoral en el programa de posgrado en ciencias en arquitectura y urbanismo de la Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Arquitectura (ESIA) del IPN. 
Entrevista al arquitecto Fernando Rodríguez Concha sobre su casa poblana
Authors: Fernández Cobián Esteban
Published: June 2017

A lo largo de su dilatada carrera profesional, el arquitecto mexicano Fernando Rodrí- guez Concha ha construido edificios de todo tipo: religiosos, equipamientos comunita- rios, infraestructuras urbanas, edificios de viviendas y habitaciones particulares. Entre ellos, su propia casa lo retrata de manera especial. Las viviendas que los arquitectos construyen para sí mismos suelen ser laboratorios de ideas, lugares de experimenta- ción formal o constructiva, termómetros que indican la tensión creativa de un autor y marcan el camino que seguirá a lo largo de su vida. El caso que nos ocupa no es dife- rente. La casa de Rodríguez Concha refleja el universo intelectual del autor, pero tam- bién las circunstancias de su vida familiar. Y aunque en rigor no se trate de una casa crecedera, evolutiva o incremental al uso —ya que no fue concebida desde el inicio con esa intención—, en su posterior desarrollo radica, a mi modo de ver, su mayor interés. 
La escultura pública como elemento ordenador de la organización simbólica de Campeche
Authors: Peraza Guzmán Marco Tulio
Published: June 2017

Reseña del libro:

Dominguez, Carlos.  Ah-Kim-Pech.  Origen e Infinito.  Escultura pública en Campeche.  Facultad de Arquitectura UNAM.  México 2016.
Críticas de libros
Authors: Filipe Narciso Carla , Drago Quaglia Elisa , Lozoya Johanna
Published: June 2017

Sobre Blanca Rebeca Ramírez Velázquez y Liliana López Levi,
Espacio, paisaje, región, territorio y lugar: la diversidad en
el pensamiento contemporáneo, México, UAM-Xochimilco/Instituto de
Geografía-UNAM, 2015. isbn Obra completa 970-32-2965-4.

Sobre Luz Paz Agras, Explorar los límites: arte y arquitectura
en las exposiciones de las vanguardias, Buenos Aires,
Diseño, 2015. isbn 978-987-3607-76-9.

Sobre Albena Yaneva, Mapping Controversies in Architecture,
Londres, University of Manchester/Ashgate, 2012.
isbn 9789-1-4094-2669-1.
Una revisión del modelado del conocimiento acerca del diseño arquitectónico
Authors: Paniagua Arís Enrique
Published: June 2017

En este artículo se propone un modelo del meta-conocimiento del diseño arquitectónico, en el que se explicita el saber acerca del problema, la solución, el proceso y los mecanismos de razonamiento utilizados. Este modelo defiende la resolución de problemas creativos como un proceso dinámico, evolutivo e interactivo; supuestos que, en conjunción con la naturaleza de los problemas mal definidos y multi-modales, promueven un proceso de diseño iterativo apoyado en el razonamiento abductivo.
Contenido
Authors: Gómez Marín Jorge Enrique
Published: June 2017

Contenido
Evidence based guidelines for congenital Chagas
Authors: Gomez-Marín Jorge Enrique
Published: June 2017

Evidence based guidelines for congenital Chagas
Bacteremia por Campylobacter fetus subespecie fetus en Colombia: Reporte de un caso
Authors: Josa-Montero Diego , Bustos-Moya Gisell , Perea-Ronco Jacqueline , Gualtero-Trujillo Sandra
Published: June 2017

Las bacteremias por microorganismos del genero Campylobacter son poco comunes en nuestro medio, debido a su baja incidencia y son escasos los reportes en la literatura. El siguiente reporte describe un caso de bacteremia por la especie Campylobacter fetus subespecie fetus, en un paciente de edad avanzada, quien presentó manifestaciones neurológicas que inicialmente desviaron el diagnóstico oportuno. Finalmente el paciente resuelve la infección tras el tratamiento antibiótico, sin complicaciones.Es de interés mencionar la presencia de este microorganismo como causante de diversas patologías en pacientes con inmunosupresión, considerándose un patógeno oportunista, del cual no está bien definida su patogénesis ni la fuente de exposición o los factores de riesgo en estos pacientes.Igualmente, es importante la vigilancia activa de este microorganismo ya que por su complicada recuperación, altas exigencias nutricionales y su crecimiento lento, dificulta su aislamiento y diagnóstico en el laboratorio de microbiología.
Vehicle recognition by using acoustic signature and classic DSP techniques
Authors: Díaz Velásquez María Fernanda , Guerrero Ramírez Jorge Eduardo
Published: June 2017

This paper shows the application of the classic technique of digital signal processing (DSP), the cross-correlation, used for the detection of acoustic signatures of road traffic in Cali city, Colombia. Future goal is to build a detection software that through real time measures allows us estimate the levels of acoustic pollution in the city by using simulation models of road traffic, in the framework of environmentally-friendly smart cities. Final results of the experimental tests showed an accuracy of 71.43% for specific vehicle detection.
Anxiety Level in Students of Public Speaking: Causes and Remedies
Authors: Raja Farhan Uddin
Published: June 2017

Despite being competent in their field of work, professional’s worldwide struggle due to lack of good public speaking skills. Their assessments and appraisals are often not depictive of their professional competitiveness; therefore, it is important for students to overcome public speaking anxiety before they transit from academic life to professional life. The purpose of this study is to analyze the reasons behind the anxiety level in undergraduate students of a public speaking class and recommend strategies to overcome this fear. This study was entailed quantitative research paradigm on a sample of 50 students using convenience sampling technique from a reputable private sector business school in Karachi. The findings showed that students who fear public speaking can perform well if they use certain strategies to fight their fears. 75% participants admitted their fear of public speaking and 95% participants agreed that if proper counseling, instruction and coaching is provided, this fear can be overcome. Research revealed that exposure to virtual environment can facilitate student confidence and enables themto face audience irrespective of the size.
Effects of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Students’ Academic Achievement and Retention in Chemistry at Secondary Level
Authors: Hussain Ishtiaq , Suleman Qaiser , Naseer-ud-Din Muhammad , Shafique Farhan
Published: June 2017

The current paper investigated the effects of information and communication technology on the students’ academic achievement and retention in chemistry. Fifty students of 9th grade were selected randomly from Kohsar Public School and College Latamber Karak. The students were grouped into equivalent groups based on pretest score. In order to collect data, pretest posttest equivalent groups design was used. Mean, standard deviation and independent samples t-test were applied through SPSS for data analysis. Based on statistical analysis, it came to light that information and communication technology positively affects students’ academic achievement and retention and ICT was found more compelling, effective and valuable in teaching of chemistry when contrasted with conventional techniques of teaching. It is recommended that information and communication technology should be used in teaching chemistry for enhancing students’ academic achievement at secondary level.
Comparative Analysis of Rote Learning on High and Low Achievers in Graduate and Undergraduate Programs
Authors: Ahmed Ambreen , Ahmad Nawaz
Published: June 2017

A survey was conducted to study the preferred learning strategies; that is, surface learning or deep learning of undergraduate and graduate male and female students and the impact of the preferred strategy on their academic performance. Both learning strategies help university students to get good scores in their examinations to meet the demands of industry in workforce. Quantitative research method was used to determine the impact of learning strategy on academic achievements. The R-SPQ2F questionnaire was sent to 103 students through Google forms and hard copies through snowball sampling technique. The results show that rote learning and academic performance are inversely related to each other. In high achievers, deep learning is significant as compared to low achievers. Furthermore, comparative analysis of learning styles
on males and females showed that both preferred deep learning strategy equally. Learning strategy is not related to education level of students because there is no difference among preferred learning strategies of graduate and undergraduate students.