bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smart Cities: A Socio-Technical Perspective
Authors: Biloria Nimish
Published: August 2021

This research paper elaborates upon the concept of Smart Cities and the evolution of the term itself throughout history in order to outline the emergence of two distinct schools of thought: technocentric and humancentric, which have shaped smart cities. The paper also categorizes smart cities based on these two perspectives and outlines the operational tactics associated with them. After discussing and summarizing the pros and cons of both perspectives, the viewpoint of a socio-technical system-based model for conceptualizing and re-thinking the smart city narrative is presented. This People, Activity, Context and Technology (PACT) based socio-technical ecosystem model and the manner in which it can overcome the shortcomings of the technocentric and the humancentric modes of thinking is thus presented as a way to understand the city and as a laboratory for initiating an ecology of informed smart innovations.
Towards an Artificial Architecture: About Superintelligent Space
Authors: Morel Philip
Published: August 2021

Just as there are odors that dogs can smell and we cannot, as well as sounds that dogs can hear and we cannot, so too there are wavelengths of light we cannot see and flavors we cannot taste. Why then, given our brains wired the way they are, does the remark, “Perhaps there are thoughts we cannot think,” surprise you? Evolution, so far, may possibly have blocked us from being able to think in some directions; there could be unthinkable thoughts.’ (Hamming, 1980). ‘We have preconceptions about how an intelligent robot should look and act, and these can blind us to what is already happening around us. To demand that artificial intelligence be humanlike is the same flawed logic as demanding that artificial flying be birdlike, with flapping wings. Robots will think different. To see how far artificial intelligence has penetrated our lives, we need to shed the idea that they will be humanlike.’ (Kelly, 2012). In the essay The Doctors of Tomorrow Will Be Supercomputers, published online at futurism.com, Leary (2017) says doctors will be replaced by artificial intelligence-fed supercomputers. This is in line with many theorists and futurists including Kelly (2012) who, on a more "material" level, declared in Wired: Even those areas of medicine not defined by paperwork, such as surgery, are becoming increasingly robotic. The rote tasks of any information-intensive job can be automated. It doesn't matter if you are a doctor, lawyer, architect, reporter, or even programmer: The robot takeover will be epic. And it has already begun.'[Kelly,2013] For this last author, with whom I can only agree, if we are now at a 'point of inflection' in the use of robots, it is because they have become intelligent machines . Indeed, intelligence is the whole question...
LIQUID CITIES, a city designed by citizens
Authors: Boxmeer Rolf van , Peters Tessa
Published: August 2021

‘The city of Sofronia is composed of two half cities. One is a large roller coaster with steep bumps, a whirligig with fanning chains, a Ferris wheel with rotating containers, a cylinder with steep wall riders with their heads down, a circus tent with a bunch of trapezes in the ridge. The other half of the city is made of stone and marble and cement, with a bank building, workshops, residential houses, the slaughterhouse, the school and everything else. One half of the city is huge, the other is improvised and when the time of the stay is up, it is taken apart, dismantled and taken to be transferred to the wasteland of another half city’ __Invincible cities, Italo Calvino Rezone wants to make the concept of the city more liquid.. A city where things can change, a flexible city that adapts to the desires of its inhabitants. A city designed by professionals, but also by its citizens. A city where roles are fluid and change. Where the designer becomes the builder, where the builder becomes the adviser, where the citizen becomes the designer. A constant flux and change of roles and structures. Rezone creates open designs, methods and strategies where the influence of the end user is big. With new technologies, it is possible to create personalized designs and methods for everybody. For rezone, experimentation is an important aspect of the working flow. Rolf van Boxmeer has a background in architecture and Tessa Peters has a background in the arts. The crossover of art and architecture brings new insights and is an activist methods and designs that can change the status quo in different urban fields.
Távoli csillagok és bolygóik új elnevezései
Authors: Kozma Judit
Published: August 2021

The International Astronomical Union (IAU) celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2019. To celebrate the occasion, the organisation announced a campaign for countries to name exoplanets, that is planets outside of our solar system and their stars. A total of 113 countries and autonomous regions took part in the campaign, choosing names by way of public votes. The IAU announced the 225 names chosen at a press conference on 17 December 2019 and accepted these as official (alongside the scientific names already in use). Following a brief description of exoplanets, the study categorises the planet names according to onomastic aspects and offers an overview of the names submitted to the Hungarian committee.
Ha van Bicska Maxi, miért nincs Égjáró Lukács?
Authors: Horváth Péter Iván
Published: August 2021

The study offers a review of the strategies employed in the translation of charactonyms from literary works, comic books, and live-action, puppet, and cartoon movies written in foreign languages in Hungarian literary translations, subtitles, and dubbed texts. The approximately 300 names in the corpus are organised according to the categories set out by J. Soltész: signalling names (names with obscure etymologies) and word names (names with discernible origins). These can come into contact in four ways: (1) signalling name → signalling name, (2) signalling name → word name, (3) word name → signalling name, and (4) word name → word name. Based on the analysis of these types, translators perform about 20 different operations, from preserving names unaltered to the literal translation of names. Some of these methods can be classified into several groups. Thus, future research should compare the results with the typology outlined by Vermes, and research should be extended to translations with Hungarian as a source language.
Effects of the Simulation Based Training Program on Attitudes of Nurses Towards Older Adults: A Quasi-Experimental Design Study
Authors: AKPINAR SÖYLEMEZ Burcu , KÜÇÜKGÜÇLÜ Özlem , AKYOL Merve Aliye , TEKİN Nil , IŞIK Ahmet Turan
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Innovative activities such as the simulation-based training program can affect nurses’ attitudes toward older adults. This study was aimed to determine the effects of the simulation-based training programs on nurses’ attitudes towards older adults in institutional care settings.

Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design was used. A total of 92 nurses participated in simulation-based training program that comprised presentation about care for older adults, and scenario with aged simulation suit. Data were collected using a Participant Information Form and Kogan’s Attitudes Toward Old People Scale. The value, mean, percentage frequency distribution, and paired sample t-test were used.

Results: After the simulation-based training programs were completed, the mean total score (p=0.001) and positive attitudes of score of the nurses was changed statistically significantly (p=0.001). There was no statistically significant change negative attitudes (p=0.274).

Conclusions: The simulation-based training program is effective in developing more positive and less negative attitude toward the older adults by nurses in institutional care settings. The aging-simulation experience affected health professionals’ feelings and knowledge. To provide better care for the older adults, it is important that nurses adopt a positive attitude toward the older adults.
see: An R Package for Visualizing Statistical Models
Authors: Lüdecke Daniel , Patil Indrajeet , Ben-Shachar Mattan S. , Wiernik Brenton M. , Waggoner Philip , Makowski Dominique
Published: August 2021

The see package is embedded in the easystats ecosystem, a collection of R packages that operate in synergy to provide a consistent and intuitive syntax when working with statistical models in the R programming language (R Core Team, 2021). Most easystats packages return comprehensive numeric summaries of model parameters and performance. The see package complements these numeric summaries with a host of functions and tools to produce a range of publication-ready visualizations for model parameters, predictions, and performance diagnostics. As a core pillar of easystats, the see package helps users to utilize visualization for more informative, communicable, and well-rounded scientific reporting.
Rethinking Social Realism in Gopal Prasad Rimal’s Masan
Authors: Budhathoki Mahendra Kumar
Published: August 2021

This paper exposes the issues of urban middle class society of Nepal during the late Rana period in Gopal Prasad Rimal’s play Masan (Cremation Ground). The use of social realism in literature like in this play provides the actual social events and issues to expose within the same society and to other society. The research approach adopted includes social realism as a theoretical approach, textual analysis as a research method and note-taking as a research tool for verbal-data collection from the text. The findings provide evidence that the author portrays the real setting (Krishna’s ordinary room) of educated middle class actual family and social values of patriarchal society (Helen wishes bearing a child to run Krishna’s family line and open the heaven’s gate), real native tongue by the characters Krishna, Helen, Bhotu, Bride, maid of the play. This study explored tensions and struggles of man Krishna and woman Helen in real society; the exploitation of Helen’s body as a sex toy by preventing her bearing a child and the practice of polygamy are considered as social realistic issues in Nepali society. Helen determines to revolt against the sexist domination by separating her way from Krishna’s. The paper concludes that the author realistically portrays the reality of social life of Nepal before 2007B.S. in the play. This paper has shown the application of social realism in a Nepali play, and it presents how social realism theory can be applied in realistic literature, and understood the particular society.
Prevalence of Dental Fear and Anxiety among Orthodontic patients visiting Nobel Medical College
Authors: Acharya Anand , Bhattarai Bhushan , Giri Nidhi , Singh Jitendra , Bhagat Tarakant
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Anxiety is the state of feeling nervous or worried that something bad is going to happen. Dental anxiety is defined as a patient’s response to stress that is associated with a dental procedure. The aim of our study is to investigate the anxiety status of dental patients visiting Orthodontic department at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar.
Materials and Method: Total 80 ongoing orthodontic patients (M =21 F=59) who completed modified Dental Anxiety Scale questionnaire were included in the study.
Result: Majority of patients (65%) had moderate anxiety where as 25% had mild anxiety and around 9% had severe to extreme anxiety. Patients’ age and education level had significant association with the level of dental anxiety.
Conclusion: Dental anxiety in orthodontic patients is unavoidable but needs appropriate counseling. Orthodontist’s role is crucial in bridging the gap between patients’ perception towards orthodontic treatment and the actual treatment.
Vertical Proportion of the Face: A Cephalometric study
Authors: Yadav Rajiv , Dutta Kishor , Gosain Nabin , Yadav Anil K , Yadav Neelam , Singh Kaushal K
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Balance in vertical facial proportion is an important criteria for good esthetics. Variations in vertical growth are common and have certain orthodontic implications. The objectives of this study were to determine mean upper anterior facial height and lower anterior facial height, ratio between UAFH to LAFH and their difference among genders in skeletal Class I patients with different vertical growth pattern among patients visiting department of Orthodontic and Dentofacial orthopedics, Tribhuvan University Dental Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu.
Materials and Method: This study was descriptive observational cross sectional study with 105 sample aged from 18-25 years. Pretreatment cephalometric radiograph of Skeletal Class I patients were taken and divided into three growth patterns as group I (normal growth pattern), group II (horizontal growth pattern ) and group III (vertical growth pattern ). Upper anterior facial height (N-ANS) and lower anterior facial height (ANS-Me) of all samples were measured on lateral cephalogram with cephalometric tracing ruler parallel to true vertical line. Descriptive statistics was used to calculate mean, minimum, and maximum values standard deviations with p value <0.05.
Result: The upper anterior facial height (UAFH) and lower anterior facial height (LAFH) measurements in normal growth pattern was 52.37 and 64.4 , in horizontal growth pattern was 53.0 and 62.2, in vertical growth pattern was 53.37 and 64.42 respectively. The mean ratio of upper and lower anterior facial height in normal, horizontal and vertical growth pattern was 0.81, 0.85 and 0.79 respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in upper and lower facial heights between males and females. There was no statistically significant difference in UAFH between normal, horizontal and vertical growth pattern but statistically significant difference was observed in LAFH between groups.
Conclusion: The cephalometric values for different vertical groups in skeletal class I can be used more specifically for diagnosis and treatment planning of Nepali population.
Authors: Halim Abdul , Hakki Nur , Reevany Bustami Mohammad
Published: August 2021

The actions and competencies of da’i in Muallaf Village, Sangbua, South Sulawesi are investigated in this study. Because practically all of the population of this village are converts to Islam, tolerant, and open to change, it was chosen as the subject of inquiry. They are still prone to shocks to religious thinking as well as economic temptations as converts. The study used a sociological-anthropological approach using qualitative methodologies. The information was gathered through in-depth interviews and analyzed utilizing the theory of da’wah competency. Islamization, the economy, and social dynamics were identified to be three essential factors in this study. The da’i, also known as mosque imams, have a rudimentary understanding of how to preach effectively to the majority of Protestant Christians. Competence produced maximum results, resulting in the conversion of the bulk of Christians to Islam. Not only is he preaching by vocally imparting Islamic beliefs, but he is also actively involved in offering economic support. Form regular monthly meetings with all farmers/planters to solve agricultural and plantation difficulties. Finally, the socio-religious dynamics are in accord, as seen by the reduction of religious conflicts, the acceptance of inter-faith marriage, and the rejection of religious coercion. Mentoring is an important item which should be followed up on on a regular basis, mostly to develop religious insights that are friendly but adaptable to community changes while still retaining local traditions.
“They really hear you out”: Lessons on providing contraceptive care from a community-based sexual health clinic
Authors: Fulcher Karyn , Archibald Amber , Francoeur Jenny
Published: August 2021

Individuals in Canada may obtain prescription contraception from a family doctor, a walk-in clinic, or sexual health clinic. While there are guidelines for best practice in contraceptive care, the quality of this care varies widely. Access to any contraceptive care is also a concern, partly due to increasing pressures on physicians’ time. These issues have led to calls to expand contraceptive care into the purview of nurses and other qualified health professionals, a ‘task-sharing’ approach. Here, we use data from semi-structured interviews with providers and patients at a sexual health clinic in British Columbia to examine the benefits of such an approach as implemented in this particular clinic. We conducted semi-structured interviews with physicians, nurses, volunteer peer contraceptive educators, and patients about their experience providing or obtaining care at the clinic, and thematically analyzed the resulting data. Interviewees identified four key benefits in the clinic’s approach: the value of a specialized sexual health clinic where providers had a wealth of experience providing sexual health care; the time and attention given by providers relative to practitioners at other types of clinics; the increased efficiency facilitated by a task-sharing approach; and the inclusive and supportive environment. Although some aspects of this clinic’s strategy are not transferrable to all settings, implementing elements of this model in other settings could increase access to quality contraceptive care.
Uji Kelayakan Konsumsi Air Sungai Mandar Menggunakan Sensor pH Berbasis Arduino Uno
Authors: Hamzah Hardi , Nurkhalis Agriawan Muhammad , Saldi Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kelayakan komsumsi air minum di Sungai Mandar. Lokasi pengambilan Sample air minum dilakuakan di Sungai Mandar, sampel air yang di uji terdiri dari air sungai sebelum filterisassi alami, air sungai yang telah terfilterisasi,  dan air sungai yang telah di masak. Indikator kelayakan komsumsi yang digunakan adalah derajat keasaman (pH). Alat yang digunakan adalah laptop, sensor pH, dan arduino uno. Hasil penelitian kualitas air Sungai Mandar dari ke tiga jenis sampel menjukkan bahwa air langsung dari aliran sungai dan air sungai yang telah melalui tahap penyaringan secara alami tidak layak untuk dikomsumsi langsung, namun air sungai mandar menunjukkan nilai pH 7 setelah dimasak dan layak dikonsumsi.
First record of the genus Colopterus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) from Estonia and the designation of a neotype of C. truncatus
Authors: Kirejtshuk A.G. , Roosileht U. , Kovalev A.V.
Published: August 2021

A sap beetle of the genus Colopterus, collected in the Estonian village of Vinni near the border between Estonia and the Leningrad Province, was identified as Colopterus sp. For fixation of the taxonomic interpretation established in the PhD thesis by L.E. Watrous without complying with the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, and in order to avoid probable further mistakes, a neotype for C. truncatus (Randall, 1838) is designated.
Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis of The Stone Woman by Tariq Ali
Authors: Amir Muhammad Asaf , Ali Sajid , Akhter Farheen
Published: August 2021

This paper brings out the Feminist Critique of Ali's Novel The Stone Woman by applying Critical Discourse Analysis (henceforth CDA). The study employs a corpus-driven technique. Lazar's (2007) feminist CDA model has been used to study how women are kept out of the social circle, and the ideology of the superiority of men has been institutionalized and naturalized. This, in turn, gives power and hegemony to man as a social class. It has been concluded that the place and status of women in society have been gendered, and they are victims of social and economic discrimination. Men are supported by social institutions like family and marriage to make their discourse privileged, preferred and justified.
The Theatre of Historical Revision: An Analysis of the Native American Drama Tradition
Authors: Akhtar Amer , Rehman Rida , Almas Neelum
Published: August 2021

We attempt to analyse the form and content of major Native American plays to discuss their relationship with the traditional English drama and its content. By looking at plays of key Native American playwrights, we show that the Native American tradition goes against the English tradition of drama in its form by challenging the unities of time and place and characterization. It also brings in elements of Native American tradition of storytelling such as the blend of the sacred and the profane, the use of humor, the attitude towards facticity, to the tradition of drama to carve out a unique space for itself through which it attempts to challenge the dominant narratives of history, Native American culture, and at the same time highlight the problems the Native American nations face currently.
Evaluating Performance of Insurance Sector in Pakistan Through Benchmark Performance Indicators
Authors: Bakhtawar  , Hamid Kashif , Raza Ali
Published: August 2021

Benchmarking has been very important in measurement, comparison, and improvement. Important benchmarking indicators such as leverage, liquidity, stock performance, profitability, asset utilization and growth are used to examine the performance of various companies in different businesses. The current study is based on secondary data, which were collected from annual reports of 14 insurance companies of the Listed Pakistan Stock Exchange during the period of 2014-2018. For this purpose, the Technique for order Preferences by the Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) based on Grey Relation Analysis (GRA) has been used. The findings of the study help managers of moderate growth and low growth insurance companies to formulate policies to improve their performance by looking at the policies of highly growing Insurance companies. The results concluded that overall ranking of insurance companies from 2014 to 2018, JLIL ranked 1st in overall performance in the year 2014. It is due to high net sales and total investment returns as compared to other insurance companies.
EFEKTIVITAS LATIHAN WEIGHT TRAINING TERHADAP KEBUGARAN JASMANI
Authors: Suryadi Didi , Samodra Y Touvan Juni , Purnomo Edi
Published: August 2021

Kebugaran jasmani merupakan kemampuan tubuh seseorang dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari tanpa menimbulkan kelelahan yang bearti. Bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh weight training terhadap peningkatan kebugaran jasmani. Penelitian memberikan perlakuan berupa latihan weight training 14 station terhadap peningkatan kebugaran jasmani. Sampel terdiri dari 8 mahasiswa Pendidikan kepelatihan olahraga yang sudah aktif latihan. Pre-expremental design memberikan perlakuan weight training dengan metode sirkuit 14 alat tiga set selama 12 kali pertemuan dengan waktu istirahat antar set 5-8 menit. Intensitas latihan 100% atau beban maksimal. Data dianalisis dengan aplikasi SPSS menggunakan rumus paired sample berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa subyek mengalami peningkatan. Kesimpulannya, latihan weight training dengan intensitas tinggi dosis 100% dari kemampuan maksimal dapat meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani.
Postmaterial Experience Economics, Population, and Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Booth Douglas
Published: August 2021

Postmaterial values with their reduced emphasis on accumulating material possessions lead to greater political support for limits on environmental pollution and to a less entropic way of life that increases environmental sustainability. Similarly, reducing human fertility to replacement levels can stabilize population and increase environmental sustainability in the future by reducing the pressure of population growth on environmental resources. In recent history, increases in per capita economic well being has been a primary driver of expansion in postmaterialism and reduce human fertility worldwide. The irony of this phenomena is that economic development potentially destructive to the environment leads to more postmaterialism and reduced fertility, both of which benefit environmental sustainability. In this article, the underpinnings of these conclusions will be set out as well as possible ways around the dilemma they bring.
Envisioning a Successful Steady-State Economy
Authors: Daly Herman
Published: August 2021

There are two interacting types of argument for a steady-state economy: its biopyhsical necessity, and its ethical desirability. The first argument is made in terms of the finitude, entropy, and physical maintenance requirements of “dissipative structures” (populations of human bodies and their exosomatic extensions). The second argument considers that the evolution of the human species is now purpose-driven, no longer random, if indeed it ever was. Purpose introduces value judgments of right and wrong regarding how our economy should relate to the rest of creation – judgments ignored by both neoclassical economics and neo-Darwinist naturalism.
Rethinking Everything: A sustainable economic system requires radical change in almost everything people consider normal
Authors: Maxton Graeme
Published: August 2021

Economic growth is not a prerequisite for human development. While economic growth appeared useful following the Second World War, its continued pursuit will result in further environmental destruction and ever-widening inequality. It risks making climate change unstoppable, with dire consequences for humanity and most other species. It is not possible to make a gradual shift to a more sustainable system, as the basic requirements for an enduring economic system are fundamentally different from those that currently exist. To avoid an environmental catastrophe, societies need to deconstruct their economies and radically rethink their purpose.
Endangered species condoms: a social marketing tool for starting conversations about population
Authors: Baillie Sarah , Dennings Kelley , Feldstein Stephanie
Published: August 2021

The Endangered Species Condoms project was launched 10 years ago to bring the discussion of human population growth back into the environmental movement with a focus on human rights and reproductive justice. In that time, more than 1 million condoms have been distributed by thousands of volunteers. The principles of social marketing are used through the Endangered Species Condoms project to create a national discourse around the population issue. They are introduced in both formal teaching settings like high school and university classrooms as well as informal settings like community events and after-hours programing at zoos and museums to reach a broad, diverse audience.
fractal biology of plague and the future of civilization
Authors: Rees William
Published: August 2021

At the time of writing, the CoViD-19 pandemic was in its second wave with infections doubling every several days to two weeks in many parts of the world. Such geometric (or exponential) expansion is the hallmark of unconstrained population growth in all species ranging from submicroscopic viral particles through bacteria to whales and humans; this suggests a kind of ‘fractal geometry’ in bio-reproductive patterns. In nature, population outbreaks are invariably reversed by the onset of both endogenous and exogenous negative feedback – reduced fecundity, resource shortages, spatial competition, disease, etc., serve to restore the reference population to below carrying capacity, sometimes by dramatic collapse. H. sapiens is no exception – our species is nearing the peak of a fossil-fueled ~200 year plague-like population outbreak that is beginning to trigger serious manifestations of negative feedback, including climate change and CoViD-19 itself. The human population will decline dramatically; theoretically, we can choose between a chaotic collapse imposed by nature or international cooperation to plan a managed, equitable contraction of the human enterprise.
Nudging interventions on sustainable food consumption: a systematic review
Authors: Blackford Becky
Published: August 2021

As population growth continues, sustainable food behaviour is essential to help reduce the anthropogenic modification of natural systems, driven by food production and consumption, resulting in environmental and health burdens and impacts. Nudging, a behavioural concept, has potential implications for tackling these issues, encouraging change in individuals’ intentions and decision-making via indirect proposition and reinforcement; however, lack of empirical evidence for effectiveness and the controversial framework for ethical analysis create challenges. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of nudging interventions on sustainable food choices, searching five databases to identify the effectiveness of such interventions. Of the 742 identified articles, 14 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. Overall, the potential of certain nudging interventions for encouraging sustainable food choices were found in strategies that targeted ‘system 1’ thinking (automatic, intuitive and non-conscious, relying on heuristics, mental shortcuts and biases), producing outcomes which were more statistically significant compared to interventions requiring consumer deliberation. Gender, sensory influences, and attractiveness of target dishes were highlighted as pivotal factors in sustainable food choice, hence research that considers these factors in conjunction with nudging interventions is required.
It’s Time to Revisit the Cairo Consensus
Authors: Tucker Christopher
Published: August 2021

Just over a quarter century ago, the so-called ‘Cairo Consensus’ was forged, fundamentally improving how governments worldwide, international organisations, and the NGO community approached women’s reproductive health and reproductive rights on the world stage. Yet, the deafening silence this consensus offered on issues of runaway population growth has had massive repercussions on the world we live in today, with the ever-increasing human footprint fuelling climate change and ecological destruction on a scale that was entirely predicted. Given what we know now about how empowering, just and ethical strategies focused on women and girls can effectively bend the global population curve, it is time that we revisit the Cairo Consensus.
The concept of a circular economy in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Gryshova Inna , Nesterova Kateryna
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the article is to identify key differences between the circularity and sustainability of the system, to develop the systematization of the circular economy principles, innovative business models aimed to ensure it, as well as regulatory measures of public authorities to stimulate and support circular economy taking into account a progressive foreign experience. Research methods. In the course of the research the method of comparative analysis (assessment of measures of state regulatory policy in some countries of the world), abstract-logical method (problem statement, substantiation of conclusions), monographic method (analysis of evolution of national and foreign scientists works on circular economy), dialectical methods of cognition were used. Research results. The peculiarities of the circular economy are highlighted, it is emphasized that the circularity of the system and sustainability are interrelated concepts, but not identical. It is determined that the circular economy is a set of economic tools and methods used to ensure the sustainable development of the system. It is substantiated that the introduction of a circular economic model requires a change or adaptation of current business models according to new conditions and needs of housekeeping. The main measures of the state regulatory policy of some countries of the world to support and stimulate such business models are analyzed. Scientific novelty. The theoretical basics of the circular economy have been further developed, the purpose of which is to ensure sustainable development by optimizing the use of resource potential and innovative business models with systematic governmental support. Practical significance. It is proved that the development of a circular economic model is impossible without an active state regulatory policy. The measures of the state regulatory policy on support of circular business models are offered. Tabl.: 2. Refs.: 20.
DIGESTIBILITY OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES IN DIFFERENT SECTIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT OF BULLS WITH A REDUCTION OF THE AMOUNT OF SOLUBLE PROTEIN IN THE DIET
Authors: Petrenko V. I. , Kozyr V. S. , Dimchya G. G. , Maystrenko A. N.
Published: August 2021

On the bulls of red steppe breed with duodenal and ileocecal cannulas when feeding iso-enery and isoprotein diets with different amounts of soluble protein (SP) and degradable protein (DP) studied conversions of dry matter (DМ), organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) separately in the complex stomach, small (SI) and large (LI) parts of the intestine. Evaluated the nitrogen balance by the amount of protein absorbed into the SI, the losses of nitrogen with urine – by the proportion of urea nitrogen. The diet consisted of awnless bonfire hay, pea deer, and mineral supplements. Various amounts of SP in the diets were achieved by feeding natural pea dough (control) and roasted pea dough at a temperature of 105°C (experiment). In a compound stomach, the digestibility CP on the experimental diet with a reduced level of SP was by 10 % less. In the control diet with a high level of SP is more in SI received of ammonia nitrogen. In SI digestibility of DM and OM on the experimental diet are by 8–10 % more. Amounts of DM, OM and CP in LI on a control diet decreased by 5.6–7.5 %, in the experimental diet – not changed. On an experimental diet with an increased level of NSP, the SI received more nitrogen and was digested by 10 % more than in the control. The calculated nitrogen balance according to the classical scheme did not reflect the true amount of it assimilated in the body. On the control diet with an increased level of SP, there was the devaluation of the protein in the feeds and oblasting due to the larger release in urea by 40 % of the nitrogen in the form of urea.
DYNAMICS OF THE RESULTS OF TRADITIONAL PRIZES AT 1600 M HORSES OF RUSSIAN TROTTING HORSES FOR 2000-2020
Authors: Platonova N. P. , Bondar A. A.
Published: August 2021

In the presented work, the dynamics of the results of the drawing of traditional prizes at a distance of 1600 m by horses of the Russian trotting breed, which were tested from 2000 to 2020 at the Kyiv Hippodrome, was investigated. The main breeding trait of Russian trotting horses is speed. This is a complex trait that is formed during ontogenesis and indirectly includes several other breeding parameters: the correctness of the exterior, the level of health. The results of the prizes were analyzed: Ideal (stallions and mares 2 years old), Govorukhi (mares 2 years old), Three-year open, Derby (4 years old), Elite (for older horses). Future (for stallions and mares 3 years old). The data of the primary zootechnical registration of the Kyiv hippodrome were analyzed based on the results of the traditional prizes for a distance of 1600 m for the period 2000-2020.
Statistical analysis of the collected data was carried out using classical biometric methods. At the same time, there is a tendency to improve speed in the Derby prize (4 years old) (p<0.1) and in prizes for two-year-old horses: the Ideal prize (stallions and mares 2 years old) (p<0.1) and Govorukha prize (mares 2 years old) (p<0.1). The resulting tendency may indicate the total effect of genetic (an increase in early maturity and the formation of working qualities of 2-year-old Russian trotting horses) and phenotypic factors (improvement of the technology of feeding, raising and training horses of this age group). In all the studied prizes, a speed improvement was observed, which indicates a successful selection and breeding work with the Russian trotting breed in this direction.
THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OBTAINED FROM LEAVES OF SOME THYMUS SPECIES (LAMIACEAE) AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS SUBSP. AUREUS STRAIN
Authors: Kurhaluk N. , Tkachenko H. , Honcharenko V. , Nachychko V. , Prokopiv A. , Aksonov Y.
Published: August 2021

A convincing number of investigations that indicate that thymol with other metabolites exhibited potent antimicrobial, antifungal, antibacterial, and antiparasitic properties prompted us to verify the antibacterial efficacy of four species and one interspecific hybrid of the Thymus genus collected in the western part of Ukraine against Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC® 29213™) strain. Considering the points highlighted above and based on previous results obtained in our laboratory, in the current study, we decided to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of five ethanol extracts obtained from leaves of Thymus representatives against Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC® 29213™) strain. Fresh leaves were washed, weighed, crushed, and homogenized in 96 % ethanol (in proportion 1:19) at room temperature. The extracts were then filtered and investigated for their antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the agar disk diffusion assay. The ethanol extracts obtained from leaves of Thymus plants showed different antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC® 29213™) strain. The antibacterial activity of extracts was greatest for Th. serpyllum followed by Th. pannonicus followed by Th. pulegioides, Th. alpestris, and then by Th. x porcii. Since the antibacterial effectiveness of medicinal plants varies dramatically depending on the phytochemical characteristics of plant families and subfamilies, it is not surprising to note the difference in this efficacy even when using samples taken from the same plant, but from two different regions. The antimicrobial activity of the crude ethanol extracts obtained from leaves of Thymus plants may be attributed to specific compounds or a combination of compounds. The present study lays the basis for future research, to validate the possible use of Thymus species as a candidate in the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureusin medicine and veterinary.
SORPTION CONDITION OF HEAD TISSUES AND REPRODUCTIVE ABILITY AND HONEY PRODUCTIVITY OF BEES FED WITH DIFFERENT AMOUNTS OF FLAX OIL IN FEED ADDITIVE
Authors: Saranchuk I. I.
Published: August 2021

The research aims to establish a connection between the content of phospholipids, their fatty acid composition and the sorption capacity of honey bee head tissues and their reproductive capacity and productivity depending on the amount of flaxseed oil in the feed additive.
It was found that the addition of flaxseed oil in the amount of 10 and 20 g into the feed additive which consists of low-fat soy flour and sugar syrup, demonstrates the dose-dependent increase in the content of saturated, monounsaturated and especially polyunsaturated fatty acids both in fatty acids of total lipids and non-esterified fatty acids. Feeding honey bees with a feed additive enriched with flax oil leads to a dose-dependent increase in the concentration of phospholipids in the tissues of the head of honey bees. At the same time, the relative content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 family increases in the phospholipids of bee tissues of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups, but the content of monounsaturated fatty acids of the ω-9 family decreases. In this case, the ratio of the relative content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 family to the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-6 family in the phospholipids of the head tissues of honey bees of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups grows significantly. The increase in the concentration of phospholipids and the relative content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the ω-3 family leads to a dose-dependent increase in the sorption capacity of the head tissues of honey bees of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups. At the same time, the tissue of the honey bee head in the 1st and mainly the 2nd experimental groups undergo the increase in the content of Nickel, Plumbum and Cadmium. In addition, the content of Copper and Chromium rises in the tissues of the head of honey bees of the 2nd experimental group. Changes in the content of phospholipids, their fatty acid composition and sorption capacity of the tissues of the head of honey bees of the 1st and especially 2nd experimental groups are accompanied by changes in the reproductive capacity of queens and honey productivity of worker bees. Specifically, the egg laying of queens in the 2nd and, to a greater extent, 1st experimental groups increase by 6.4% and 15.4%, respectively, and honey productivity of worker bees increases by 10.7% and 17.5%, respectively.
ANALYSIS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF LANDRAS AND WALSH PIGS IN THE BREEDING ENTITIES OF UKRAINE
Authors: Tsereniuk O. M. , Akimov O. V. , Babicz M. , Kropiwiec-Domańska K.
Published: August 2021

The analysis of the facilities for breeding for Landrace and Wales pigs in Ukraine was carried out; it was established that as of 01.01.2021 there were 16 breeding facilities for Landrace pigs in Ukraine. It identifies that in comparison to last year the number of facilities has decreased by one. Heterogeneity in geographical location was identified; so out of 25 regions (together with the ARC), 13 have breeding facilities for breeding Landrace pigs and in one region there is a breeding facility for breeding Walsh pigs. Accordingly, in 12 (together with the ARC) regions, there are no breeding facilities for both breeds. There is a disproportion in the number of boars and sows in some breeding facilities. So the average number of breeding stock at 1 breeding plant for Landrace pig breed is 350 heads. However, at the same time, in the Ternopil region within one breeding plant there are 1080 sows, and in the Mykolaiv region 70 heads. Assessment of the level of reproductive qualities of sows indicates the need for further improvement of these indicators in most farms. Thus, the analysis of the multiple fertility rate between the facilities for the Landrace breed proved that the difference between the farms with the smallest and largest fertility indicator is 9.1 heads or 206 %. It should be noted that in most farms this indicator is 11–12.3 heads. In terms of litter weight at 2 months, there is also a significant difference between the farms with the smallest and largest indicators and it is 141 kg or 187 %. Accordingly, the SIVYAS index in farms ranged from 76.5 to 147.1. Although in Ukraine there is only one farm for breeding pigs of the Welsh breed, the animals have rather high indicators of reproductive qualities. So the multiple fertility was 12.8 heads, the weight of the litter at 2 months was 210 kg, respectively, the SIVYAS index was 109.5.
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT HOUSING SYSTEMS FOR COWS DURING HEAT STRESS
Authors: Borshch O. O. , Borshch O. V.
Published: August 2021

The work aimed to study the effect of high temperatures on the comfort of keeping Holstein cows with different options for loose housing. The study of the effect of high temperatures on the comfort of keeping cows was carried out in the period from 02.07–12.07 2018 in the Kyiv region. Three farms were selected with loose cow housing systems and various options for the level of animal comfort. The first option is loose housing in an easy-to-collect room. The second option is loose keeping in an easily collectible room with fans and a water irrigation system. The third option is for walking and feeding grounds with sheds. During the daily observation period, the main indicators of the microclimate in the recreation area (air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed), respiration rate, assessment of the severity of respiration and heat load indices were determined. The best performance among the studied housing technologies was recorded on a farm using irrigation and ventilation systems. During the period of the highest heat stress (12.00–16.00 h), the air temperature (Т) did not exceed 29.05±0.50 °С, the respiratory rate – 77.0±1.33 times/mins, the environmental stress index (ESI) – 39.07±0.14 °С, the heat load index (HLI) – 73.56±2.48. The lowest indices of the comfort of keeping were in an easily assembled room: T – 31.1±2.24 °C, respiratory rate – 82.0±1.80 times/min, ESI – 41.62±0.17 °C, HLI – 77.88±0.64. Intermediate indicators were for the content on the stern area: T – 30.3±2.31 °C, respiratory rate – 76.0±1.82 times/mins, ESI – 41.62±0.17 °C, HLI – 77.42±0.51. In all options for keeping cows, an increase in temperature to an average daily +27.7 °C became a significant stress factor that significantly influenced the dynamics of the respiration rate, the assessment of the severity of respiration, the value of ESI and HLI. It was found that for keeping cows in buildings using irrigation and ventilation systems, as well as on walking grounds, the indicators of the temperature-humidity index (THI), frequency and severity of respiration during the period of maximum temperature load (12.00–16.00 h) were lower than those for keeping in an easily assembled room.
METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS: CONCEPÇÕES E PRÁTICAS DOCENTES DE CURSOS DA SAÚDE
Authors: Silva Ethel Bastos , Souza Neila Santini de , Silveira Andressa da , Gross Vanessa , Mello Jonata de
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a concepção e a aplicabilidade de Metodologias Ativas na prática de docentes de cursos da saúde. Método: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo realizado com oito docentes de cursos da área da saúde de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Pública localizada na região norte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. Os participantes foram entrevistados nos meses de agosto a novembro de 2018 e o material empírico gravado, transcrito e analisado pela técnica de Bardin. Resultados: O aprendizado é integrado entre professor e estudante com centralidade na autonomia do estudante; há promoção do pensamento crítico, da aprendizagem cognitiva do conhecimento e desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências. As práticas docentes são constituídas com base em metodologias tradicionais e ativas. Destacam-se entre as estratégias pedagógicas ativas as dinâmicas de grupo, seminários, portfólio e mapa conceitual. Essas são adotadas em pequenos grupos de estudantes com temas complexos e contextuais. Considerações finais: As metodologias ativas tem sido utilizadas, revelando potencialidade para o ensino e aprendizagem. Todavia, para que sejam institucionalizadas e inclusas nos cursos da saúde nos projetos pedagógicos, é necessário maior qualificação dos docentes, apoio institucional com políticas de incentivo à adoção de metodologias de ensino ativas com o uso de tecnologias digitais, jogos e simulações em ambientes virtuais em rede de qualidade.
A Comparative Assessment of Various Turbulence Models Applied for Simulation of Air-Water Flow Over Chute Spillway
Authors: Shayanseresht Saeed , Manafpour Mohammad
Published: August 2021

Chute aerators have been largely used to reduce cavitation hazard in high head spillways. There is no definite turbulence model for simulating these devices in smooth spillways in spite of its importance in critical conditions. A simulation in two-phase air-water chute flow and its aerator with five different turbulence models (RNG, Standard and Realizable k–ε Models, SST and Standards k–ω Models) has been numerically investigated by Fluent software. Finite Volume and VOF methods were used for discretization of flow equations and free surface modeling. Flow depth, velocity and bottom pressure comparison were made along with the air cavity length determination by numerical, experimental and reference equations. The best model with the minimum value of error percentage for flow depth and velocity was RNG k–ε turbulence model. The realizable and RNG k–ε turbulence models showed better results for the pressure head at the bottom of the chute. The RNG k–ε model results for the jet length have a very slight difference with the experimental results. The length of the cavity is closely associated with the flow emergence angle θ’ over aerators. The bottom air concentration of spillway chute simulated by all the turbulence models, except for the RNG k–ε model, can be overestimated and therefore may affect the designing of aerator geometry.