bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Value change through information exchange in human–machine interaction
Authors: Friedrich Orsolya , Gerlek Selin , Seifert Johanna , Schleidgen Sebastian
Published: June 2022

An essential component of human–machine interaction (HMI) is the information exchanged between humans and machines to achieve specific effects in the world or in the interacting machines and/or humans. However, such information exchange in HMI may also shape the beliefs, norms and values of involved humans. Thus, ultimately, it may shape not only individual values, but also societal ones. This article describes some lines of development in HMI, where significant value changes are already emerging. For this purpose, we introduce the general notion of eValuation, which serves as a starting point for elaborating three specific forms of value change, namely deValuation, reValuation and xValuation. We explain these along with examples of self-tracking practices and the use of social robots.
DSP-enhanced radio-over-fiber technologies for 5G-and-beyond wired-wireless convergence
Authors: Zhu Paikun , Yoshida Yuki , Kanno Atsushi , Kitayama Ken-ichi
Published: June 2022

Wired-wireless convergence is considered one of the most promising concepts for the access networks in the upcoming beyond-5G era, a notable example being the radio-over-fiber (RoF) technology that delivers broadband wireless data from/to the edge cloud to/from the antenna sites seamlessly. For future radio access, the capacity, latency, and fidelity requirements pose great challenges to the RoF schemes. With the advances of field-programmable gate arrays, application specific integrated circuits, and high-speed data converters, in recent years, digital signal processing (DSP) has been able to play an increasingly important role in RoF system/processing. Such an analog-digital coordinated scheme, namely, DSP-enhanced RoF, has merits in flexibility, parallelized processing capability, and robustness. This paper aims to provide comprehensive analysis of three major DSP-enhanced RoF techniques, namely, DSP-based intermediate-frequency over fiber, analog-to-digital compression RoF, and delta-sigma RoF. Besides performance, quantitative and qualitative analysis will be presented on latency, power consumption, and system complexity, attributes that are important in practice. In addition, we will discuss the challenges to and opportunities for future research.
Amorphous silicon carbide high contrast gratings as highly efficient spectrally selective visible reflectors
Authors: Bauser Haley C. , Foley Morgan D. , Phelan Megan E. , Weigand William , Needell David R. , Holman Zachary C. , Atwater Harry A.
Published: June 2022

We report spectrally selective visible wavelength reflectors using hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H) as a high index contrast material. Beyond 610nm and through the near infrared spectrum, a-SiC:H exhibits very low loss and exhibits an wavelength averaged index of refraction of n = 3.1. Here we design, fabricate, and characterize such visible reflectors using a hexagonal array of a-SiC:H nanopillars as wavelength-selective mirrors with a stop-band of approximately 40 nm full-width at half maximum. The fabricated high contrast grating exhibits reflectivity R >94% at a resonance wavelength of 642nm with a single layer of a-SiC:H nanopillars. The resonance wavelength is tunable by adjusting the geometrical parameters of the a-SiC:H nanopillar array, and we observe a stop-band spectral center shift from 635 nm up to 642 nm. High contrast gratings formed from a-SiC:H nanopillars are a promising platform for various visible wavelength nanophotonics applications.
Spectral analysis on the acceptor concentration-dependent fluorescence resonance energy transfer process in CuInS2@ZnS-SQ complexes
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhang Boyu , Yang Gaoyuan , Li Wangnan , Wang Jingyang , Zhang Xin , Liang Guijie
Published: June 2022

Owing to the broad spectral response and flexible choices of donors and acceptors, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) system based on quantum dots (QDs) is a potential candidate for enhancing performance of solar cells and other optoelectronic devices. Thus it is necessary to develop such FRET systems with high efficiency and understand the involved photophysical dynamics. Here, with type I CuInS2@ZnS core-shell quantum dots as the energy donor, series of CuInS2@ZnS-SQ complexes are synthesized by adjusting the acceptor (squaric acid, SQ) concentration. The FRET dynamics of the samples is systematically investigated by virtue of steady-state emission, time-resolved fluorescence decay, and transient absorption measurements. The experimental results display a positive correlation between the energy transfer efficient (η). The best energy transfer efficient achieved from experimental data is 52%. This work provides better understanding of the photophysical dynamics in similar complexes and facilitates further development of new photoelectronic devices based on relevant FRET systems.
Research on NCFCP compact broadband NIR detector imaging and energy transfer function
Authors: Zhou Jianwei , Cai Hongxing , Ren Yu , Li Shuang , Jiang Chunxu , Lv Zhong , Qu Guannan , Tan Yong , Shi Jing , Wang Tingting , Liu Quansheng
Published: June 2022

Nonlinear crystal frequency conversion imaging with direct detection by silicon-based detectors is an effective way to break through the limitations for existing near-infrared (NIR) detectors with expensive cost and high noise. In this paper, a broadband NIR detector imaging scheme based on the principle of nonlinear crystal frequency conversion (NCFCP) was proposed. A thin film of nonlinear crystal frequency conversion material (NCFCM) combined with a silicon-based detector was used to form a broadband NIR detector. The theoretically investigated energy transfer function was used as a guidance for experiment. Meanwhile, the relationship between the imaging effect and the energy transfer of the NCFCP-based compact broadband NIR detector in the NIR band was measured experimentally. The accuracy of the theoretical study had been verified by the measured transfer results.
Bragg grating in a flexible and stretchable coreless polymer optical fiber
Authors: Bao Weijia , Li Xingyong , Chen Fengyi , Qiao Xueguang
Published: June 2022

In this Letter, we propose and experimentally demonstrate fiber Bragg grating (FBG) fabrication in a flexible and stretchable coreless polymer optical fiber. The flexible polymer optical fiber is prepared with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Femtosecond laser direct writing and slit beam shaping are used to form periodic grating structures in the fiber. The fabricated FBG exhibits a large strain measurement range and a blueshift response to temperature. Moreover, it offers low humidity sensitivity due to its low permeability toward water vapor. Taking advantage of the unique sensing performances of the PDMS fiber, the proposed FBG has considerable advantages over the traditional silica FBG devices for strain and temperature sensing.
Avatars in the metaverse: potential legal issues and remedies
Authors: Cheong Ben Chester
Published: June 2022

This article discusses some of the issues surrounding an avatar of a real-life person in a metaverse. Given that the anticipated rise of metaverse is a developing area, the first part of the article discusses what the metaverse would entail, some suggestions on what these avatars would be like, why such avatars’ rights should be protected and whether consciousness should be a defining characteristic before these rights are granted. The second part of the article analyses incorporation techniques to grant legal personality to avatars in the metaverse as well as some of the potential harms that avatars could cause there, potentially leading to an extension of the real world. The third part of the article deals with imposing liability on a real-life person by lifting the ‘veil’ of the avatar to identify the real person behind the avatar through four foreseeable scenarios, i.e. fraud, defamation, identity theft and crime. The article briefly explores other potential legal issues in the metaverse. The article makes two final recommendations, the possibility of statutory remedies and judicial interpretation to rectify torts committed by avatars.
Improving work detection by segmentation heuristics pre-training on factory operations video
Authors: Kataoka Shotaro , Ito Tetsuro , Iwaka Genki , Oba Masashi , Nonaka Hirofumi
Published: June 2022

The measurement of work time for individual tasks by using video has made a significant contribution to a framework for productivity improvement such as value stream mapping (VSM). In the past, the work time has been often measured manually, but this process is quite costly and labor-intensive. For these reasons, automation of work analysis at the worksite is needed. There are two main methods for computing spatio-temporal information: by 3D-CNN, and by temporal computation using LSTM after feature extraction in the spatial domain by 2D-CNN. These methods has high computational cost but high model representational power, and the latter has low computational cost but relatively low model representational power. In the manufacturing industry, the use of local computers to make inferences is often required for practicality and confidentiality reasons, necessitating a low computational cost, and so the latter, a lightweight model, needs to have improved performance. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method that pre-trains the image encoder module of a work detection model using an image segmentation model. This is based on the CNN-LSTM structure, which separates spatial and temporal computation and enables us to include heuristics such as workers’ body parts and work tools in the CNN module. Experimental results demonstrate that our pre-training method reduces over-fitting and provides a greater improvement in detection performance than pre-training on ImageNet.
GPC1 promotes the growth and migration of colorectal cancer cells through regulating the TGF-β1/SMAD2 signaling pathway
Authors: Lu Fei , Chen Shuran , Shi Weijun , Su Xu , Wu Huazhang , Liu Mulin
Published: June 2022

In this study, we analyzed GPC family genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the possible mechanism of action of GPC1 in CRC. CRC patient data were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and the prognostic significance of GPC1 expression and its association with clinicopathological features were identified by Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. CRC patients with high GPC1 expression had poor overall survival compared with patients with low GPC1 expression. In vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of GPC1 significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration and promoted cell apoptosis in CRC cell lines. Gene Ontology analysis of differential genes indicated that GPC1 may influence the TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Additional experiments revealed that silencing GPC1 suppressed the levels of TGF-β1 and p-SMAD2 but increased the expression of SMAD2. Taken together, these findings suggest that GPC1 may function as a tumor promoter in CRC cells through promoting TGF-β signaling pathway. Our results also indicate that GPC1 may serve as a critical effector in CRC progression and a new potential target for CRC therapy.
High-affinity anti-Arc nanobodies provide tools for structural and functional studies
Authors: Markússon Sigurbjörn , Hallin Erik I. , Bustad Helene J. , Raasakka Arne , Xu Ju , Muruganandam Gopinath , Loris Remy , Martinez Aurora , Bramham Clive R. , Kursula Petri
Published: June 2022

Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) is a multidomain protein of retroviral origin with a vital role in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and memory formation in mammals. However, the mechanistic and structural basis of Arc function is poorly understood. Arc has an N-terminal domain (NTD) involved in membrane binding and a C-terminal domain (CTD) that binds postsynaptic protein ligands. In addition, the NTD and CTD both function in Arc oligomerisation, including assembly of retrovirus-like capsids involved in intercellular signalling. To obtain new tools for studies on Arc structure and function, we produced and characterised six high-affinity anti-Arc nanobodies (Nb). The CTD of rat and human Arc were both crystallised in ternary complexes with two Nbs. One Nb bound deep into the stargazin-binding pocket of Arc CTD and suggested competitive binding with Arc ligand peptides. The crystallisation of the human Arc CTD in two different conformations, accompanied by SAXS data and molecular dynamics simulations, paints a dynamic picture of the mammalian Arc CTD. The collapsed conformation closely resembles Drosophila Arc in capsids, suggesting that we have trapped a capsid-like conformation of the human Arc CTD. Our data obtained with the help of anti-Arc Nbs suggest that structural dynamics of the CTD and dimerisation of the NTD may promote the formation of capsids. Taken together, the recombinant high-affinity anti-Arc Nbs are versatile tools that can be further developed for studying mammalian Arc structure and function, as well as mechanisms of Arc capsid formation, both in vitro and in vivo. For example, the Nbs could serve as a genetically encoded tools for inhibition of endogenous Arc interactions in the study of neuronal function and plasticity.
Mobile phone carrying locations and risk perception of men: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zeleke Berihun M. , Brzozek Christopher , Bhatt Chhavi Raj , Abramson Michael J. , Freudenstein Frederik , Croft Rodney J. , Wiedemann Peter M. , Benke Geza
Published: June 2022

Little was known about the relationship between carrying mobile phone handsets by men and their risk perception of radiofrequency-electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure due to carrying handsets close to the body. This study aimed to determine where men usually carried their handsets and to assess the relationship to risk perception of RF-EMF. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire about mobile phone use, handset carrying locations, and levels of risk perception to RF-EMF. Data were analysed using linear regression models to examine if risk perception differed by mobile phone carrying location. The participants were 356 men, aged 18–72 years. They owned a mobile phone for 2–29 years, with over three quarters (78.7%) having a mobile phone for over 20 years. The most common locations that men kept their handsets when they were ‘indoors’ were: on a table/desk (54.0%) or in close contact with the body (34.7%). When outside, 54.0% of men kept the handset in the front trouser pocket. While making or receiving calls, 85.0% of men held their mobile phone handset against the head and 15.0% either used earphones or loudspeaker. Men who carried their handset in close contact with the body perceived higher risks from RF-EMF exposure compared to those who kept it away from the body (p<0.01). A substantial proportion of men carried their mobile phone handsets in close proximity to reproductive organs i.e. front pocket of trousers (46.5%). Men who kept their handset with the hand (p < .05), and those who placed it in the T-shirt pocket (p < .05), while the phone was not in use, were more likely to perceive health risks from their behaviour, compared to those who kept it away from the body. However, whether this indicates a causal relationship, remains open.
The Gallipoli Mission, landscape and the changing meanings of heritage: On Dangerous Ground (2012), by Bruce Scates
Authors: Branach-Kallas Anna
Published: June 2022

Bringing together history, heritage studies, conflict archaeology, ecocriticism and literary analysis, this article contends that the 2012 novel On Dangerous Ground: A Gallipoli Story provides an important reflection on the multiple meanings of Australian national heritage and its fluctuations at the First World War centenary. As I argue, its author, Bruce Scates, recognizes the different heritages of the Gallipoli peninsula by including a multiplicity of voices and perspectives in the 1915 layers of his novel. The whole tradition of Australian historiography, to which Scates himself has largely contributed, finds its echoes in the text. The article demonstrates how Scates undermines the myth of the glorious Gallipoli campaign and the heroism of the Anzacs, revisiting the mythologized site of conflict from a Turkish perspective. The Gallipoli peninsula is approached as an affective landscape, which deeply transforms the protagonists. However, the fabricated nature of this site of the conflict, and the construction of its special place in the national mythology, are also emphasized in the analysis. Synchronously, On Dangerous Ground problematizes the obligation of the nation towards those missing in action, and the cultural malaise accompanying exhumations.
Transculturation and counter-narratives: The life and art of the Wurundjeri artist William Barak
Authors: Wilczyńska Elżbieta
Published: June 2022

A few decades ago the culture of Aboriginal Australians was believed to have been removed or assigned to the margins. It was considered static and primitive, produced by uncivilized and barbaric peoples. Since the 1980s the view has been successfully challenged and recent art histories produced in settler colonial countries emphasize that Indigenous cultures were neither stuck in the past nor resistant to change. Its development was due to contact between the Indigenous and settler societies and the cross-cultural interactions the contact engendered in political, social and artistic life. This was often against the backdrop of conquest and displacement, which was the result of colonization. Adopting as the main frame of the discussion the theory of transculturation and the concept of counter-narrative from cultural studies, this article will show these different types of encounters and their influence on the life and art of William Barak, a nineteenth-century Aboriginal Australian statesman, leader of a Woi Wurrung nation and an artist. It will also show – again through transculturation – what trajectory the Australian mainstream society followed from initial separation and exclusion, through assimilation to an integration of Indigenous Australians in the artistic and social life. The counter-narrative concocted on the basis of those encounters produces a nuanced picture of loss, survival and strength as experienced by William Barak and his peoples.
Scoundrels and Eccentrics of the Pacific, John Dunmore (2018)
Authors: Lansdown Richard
Published: June 2022

Review of: Scoundrels and Eccentrics of the Pacific, John Dunmore (2018)

Auckland: Upstart Press, 192 pp.,

ISBN 978 1 98851 621 9 (pbk), NZ$39.99
Money Games: Gambling in a Papua New Guinea Town, Anthony J. Pickles (2019)
Authors: Ortiz F. Javier Leyva
Published: June 2022

Review of: Money Games: Gambling in a Papua New Guinea Town, Anthony J. Pickles (2019)

New York: Berghahn Books, 216 pp.,

ISBN 978 1 78920 221 2 (hbk), US$135
Floating Islanders: Pasifika Theatre in Aotearoa, Lisa Warrington and David O’Donnell (2017)
Authors: Neumeier Beate
Published: June 2022

Review of: Floating Islanders: Pasifika Theatre in Aotearoa, Lisa Warrington and David O’Donnell (2017)

Dunedin: Otago University Press, 288 pp.,

ISBN 978 1 98853 107 6 (pbk), NZ$39.95
Names of atmospheric precipitation in the modern Russian language
Authors: Grigorieva Olga , Li Xilian Li Xilian
Published: June 2022

The article discusses a linguistic analysis of one of the main fragments of the meteorological vocabulary of the modern Russian language – the names of atmospheric precipitation. The material for the study was the units of the lexical-semantic group "precipitation", previously identified in the Russian Hydrometeorological Encyclopedia (2009). Three groups of nouns were distinguished: common names – the word precipitation itself and its synonym hydrometeors, names of liquid precipitation and names of solid precipitation. The purpose of the study was to analyze the direct and figurative meanings of meteorological names, to identify similarities and differences in the use of these categories in phraseological units and texts of different stylistic orientation, as well as to determine the national-specific features of the studied lexical units. The study shows that the names of atmospheric precipitation reflect not only a segment of the Russian language picture of the world, but also deepen our understanding of the russian national character.
Simplified Machine Learning Models Can Accurately Identify High-Need High-Cost Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Nguyen Nghia H. , Patel Sagar , Gabunilas Jason , Qian Alexander S. , Cecil Alan , Jairath Vipul , Sandborn William J. , Ohno-Machado Lucila , Chen Peter L. , Singh Siddharth
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Hospitalization is the primary driver of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-related healthcare costs and morbidity. Traditional prediction models have poor performance at identifying patients at highest risk of unplanned healthcare utilization. Identification of patients who are high-need and high-cost (HNHC) could reduce unplanned healthcare utilization and healthcare costs.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study in adult patients hospitalized with IBD using the Nationwide Readmissions Database (model derivation in the 2013 Nationwide Readmission Database and validation in the 2017 Nationwide Readmission Database). We built 2 tree-based algorithms (decision tree classifier and decision tree using gradient boosting framework [XGBoost]) and compared traditional logistic regression to identify patients at risk for becoming HNHC (patients in the highest decile of total days spent in hospital in a calendar year).

RESULTS:

Of 47,402 adult patients hospitalized with IBD, we identified 4,717 HNHC patients. The decision tree classifier model (length of stay, Charlson Comorbidity Index, procedure, Frailty Risk Score, and age) had a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.78 ± 0.01 in the derivation data set and 0.78 ± 0.02 in the validation data set. XGBoost (length of stay, procedure, chronic pain, drug abuse, and diabetic complication) had a mean AUC of 0.79 ± 0.01 and 0.75 ± 0.02 in the derivation and validation data sets, respectively, compared with AUC 0.55 ± 0.01 and 0.56 ± 0.01 with traditional logistic regression (peptic ulcer disease, paresthesia, admission for osteomyelitis, renal failure, and lymphoma) in derivation and validation data sets, respectively.

DISCUSSION:

In hospitalized patients with IBD, simplified tree-based machine learning algorithms using administrative claims data can accurately predict patients at risk of progressing to HNHC.
THE LAGOONS OF ALAGOAS IN THE CAATINGA BIOME: DETECTION, ANALYSIS AND TEMPORAL MAPPING WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: Freire Neison Cabral Ferreira , Pacheco Admilson da Penha , Fonseca Débora de Barros Cavalcanti , De Moraes Odair Barbosa , Queiroz Vinicius D’Lucas Bezerra
Published: June 2022

This research aims to map and evaluate dynamics of surface water bodies in Caatinga biome in Alagoas in Northeast Brazil, from 1987 to 2017, using remote sensing data. Hydrography was considered an important element in history, culture, economy and landscape in the State of Alagoas, whose toponymy originates from the numerous lagoons that are distributed throughout the territory. Using temporal satellite images and own methodology to process these images, existence of three groups of polygons that mapped the lagoons and dams of that period were detect. Although the balance had been positive, in 1987 2,003 polygons were detected and in 2017, 3,133, it is highlighted the disappearance of 1,349 ponds/weirs, most of them smaller than 1 hectare. Taking into account the serious impact on the weir system in the sertão, tracks were sought to elucidate its causes. For this, a field validation was defined for seven water bodies selected in five municipalities in the region, showing heterogeneity of reasons for the decreases in the surface water, or even their disappearances, including climate change. As a result, a complex social and environmental picture that requires immediate action from the government and society to mitigate the impacts of climate change was revealed.
Kendala Penilaian Aspek Keterampilan (KI-4) Membaca Surat Al-Maidah Ayat 2-3 di Kelas VI SDN 2 Bantarwuni Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Halili Halili , Hasanah Nur Ziadatul
Published: June 2022

Covid-19 has many negative effects on education. The government took an emergency policy in the form of school from home. Because of this policy, online teaching and learning activities are carried out from home. However, the reality in the field, such as what happened in SDN 2 Bantarwuni, there are several obstacles such as what happened in the psychomotor domain assessment process in reading surah al-Maidah verses 2-3. This study aims to: (1) Understand how the psychomotor domain assessment process in reading al-Maidah verse 2-3 at SDN 2 Bantarwuni; (2) Understand the conditions and constraints faced in the assessment of the psychomotor domain in reading al-Maidah verses 2-3 at SDN 2 Bantarwuni. This research is a qualitative field research. The method of data collection was done by observation at SDN 2 Bantarwuni and documentation. The results of this study: (1) The assessment process was carried out according to the procedure, except that there were some students who did not submit the assessment assignment; (2) The obstacles faced are the lack of effort from students and parents to collect assignments via the WhatsApp application or directly carry out face-to-face assessments at school.
A convenient rhetoric or substantial change of teacher racial diversity? A text mining analysis of federal, state, and district documents
Authors: Lee Sing Hui , Keith Briana N. , Bey Yasmine , Wang Yinying , Yang Xiulong , Li Xiang , Ji Shihao
Published: June 2022

Teacher racial diversity has been widely considered important in education. However, it remains unclear to what extent and how teacher racial diversity has been addressed at the federal, state, and district levels. In this study, we employed text mining to collect and analyze over three million documents at the federal, state, and district levels. We found that while students of color had disproportionately less access to racially diverse teachers, the documents under our analysis insufficiently discussed the recruitment and retention of racially diverse teachers. Our findings also reveal that education agencies at the federal, state, and district levels paid scant attention to recruiting and retaining Hispanic teachers. For the states and districts that discussed the recruitment of racially diverse teachers, they primarily recruited teachers from institutions and organizations that primarily serve people of color, such as Historically Black Colleges and Universities, the Columbia Latino/a Law Student Association, the National Association of Asian American Professionals, and the National Black MBA Association. Given the findings and the projected growth of Black and Hispanic student enrollment in the United States, we provide five policy recommendations for policymakers and leaders to racially diversify the teacher workforce amid shifting student demographics, particularly Hispanic students.
Spectroscopic ellipsometry from 10 to 700 K
Authors: Zollner Stefan , Abadizaman Farzin , Emminger Carola , Samarasingha Nuwanjula
Published: June 2022

The temperature dependence of the optical constants of materials (refractive index, absorption and extinction coefficients, and dielectric function) can be determined with spectroscopic ellipsometry over a broad range of temperatures and photon energies or wavelengths. Such results have practical value, for example for applications of optical materials at cryogenic or elevated temperatures. The temperature dependence of optical gaps and their broadenings also provides insight into the scattering of electrons and holes with other quasiparticles, such as phonons or magnons. This review presents a detailed discussion of the experimental considerations for temperature-dependent ellipsometry and selected results for insulators, semiconductors, and metals in the infrared to ultraviolet spectral regions.
Integrierte Steuerungsarchitektur für ein agiles Demontagesystem mit autonomer Produktbefundung
Authors: Wurster Marco , Klein Jan-Felix , Kaiser Jan-Philipp , Mangold Simon , Furmans Kai , Heizmann Michael , Fleischer Jürgen , Lanza Gisela
Published: June 2022

Für ein wettbewerbsfähiges Remanufacturing von Gebrauchtprodukten bei ungewissen Produktzuständen bedarf es einer hohen Flexibilität und Reaktionsfähigkeit. Im Rahmen dieses Artikels wird eine integrierte Steuerungsarchitektur für ein modular aufgebautes agiles Demontagesystem mit autonomer Produktbefundung und lernenden Produktionsressourcen vorgestellt. Der Ansatz umfasst sowohl eine Produktionssystemsteuerung für den Materialfluss als auch vertikal bis auf Feldebene integrierte Subarchitekturen für die Steuerung der Stations- und Intralogistikprozesse.
A CPPS-architecture and workflow for bringing agent-based technologies as a form of artificial intelligence into practice
Authors: Cruz Salazar Luis Alberto , Vogel-Heuser Birgit
Published: June 2022

Due to the increase in Artificial Intelligence in the production systems domain, Industry 4.0 (I4.0) experts must collaborate with autonomous systems. Industrial AI raises several concerns about existing standards, which provide guidelines and design patterns. One way to realize I4.0 systems are Industrial Agents (IAs) due to their inherent autonomy and collaboration. Multi-Agent Systems (MASs) are well suited for realizing distributed AI in I4.0 components. Considering the properties of IAs and existing standards, an MAS architecture is presented for flexible and intelligent Cyber-Physical Production Systems. The article compares I4.0 standardization efforts relevant to adapt AI in the form of IAs, illustrates how IA design patterns can be used, and introduces the Multi-Agent aRchitecture for Industrial Automation applying desigN patterNs practicEs “MARIANNE”. An implementation guideline is presented to put this CPPS into practice.
Anti-tumor effect of liposomes containing extracted Murrayafoline A against liver cancer cells in 2D and 3D cultured models
Authors: Pham Dan The , Tran Toan Quoc , Van Chinh Luu , Nguyen Linh Phuong , An Ton Nu Thuy , Anh Nguyen Huu Thuan , Nguyen Duong Thanh
Published: June 2022

Murrayafoline A (MuA) is a natural compound with diverse biological activities, including cytotoxicity against cancer cells, but suffers from poor water solubility and low specificity. In order to improve the potential of MuA as a candidate for cancer treatment, MuA-loaded liposomes were prepared with the liposomal membrane consisting of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. Dynamic light scattering measurements showed that the MuA-loaded liposomes had a z-average particle size of 104.3 ± 6.4 nm (mean ± SD; n = 3) and a polydispersity index of 0.15 ± 0.02 (mean ± SD; n = 3). The encapsulation efficiency was 55.3 ± 2.3% (mean ± SD; n = 3). The in vitro cytotoxicity of encapsulated MuA was attenuated at IC50 = 21.97 µg/mL compared to 6.24 µg/mL for free MuA, against HepG2. In contrast, MuA-loaded liposomes were significantly more effective at inhibiting cell growth in HepG2 cancer spheroids, which indicated that they were able to reach the interior layers of the microtumor. Taken together, these results showed that the encapsulation of MuA in liposomes is a good research direction to improve this natural compound’s potential as a candidate for cancer treatment.
SpottingScience – a digital learning environment to introduce Green Chemistry to secondary students and the public
Authors: Lembens Anja , Heinzle Gerda , Tepla Alexandra , Maulide Nuno , Preinfalk Alexander , Kaiser Daniel , Spitzer Philipp
Published: June 2022

Currently, the world is facing climate change, environmental burden, and health aspects caused, among others, by chemical substances spread by humans. In order to preserve or even improve the Earth’s habitat for future generations, the development and use of sustainable technologies are necessary. Additionally, every individual must have knowledge and skills to be able to act in an informed sustainable and responsible way. Neither of these can be achieved without science education that provides appropriate learning opportunities. This paper gives insight into the project SpottingScience whose digital learning environments focus on green chemistry. The learning environments are accessible via QR-Codes in public space at the Campus of the University of Vienna. One can follow the content presented via texts and graphics in a linear way or use provided links to get further information. SpottingScience offers the opportunity for passers-by and secondary school students to get a general idea of green chemistry and its significance for everyday life. We use menthol, a well-known ingredient in several everyday products, as an example to unfold chemical backgrounds, to highlight the necessity to create new and environment-friendly production processes, and to provide an impetus to reflect on one’s own actions while using everyday products.
(Un-)persönliches Schreiben in der Wissenschaftssprache? Eine vergleichende quantitative Studie mit deutschen und polnischen Bachelorarbeiten aus der Germanistik
Authors: Matthies Jochen
Published: June 2022

Der vorliegende Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit Agensdemotion und Verfasserreferenz im Deutschen als fremder Wissenschaftssprache. Es wird eine vergleichende Korpusstudie mit deutschsprachigen Bachelorarbeiten von muttersprachlichen und polnischen Studenten durchgeführt. Innerhalb dieser wird untersucht, mit welchen sprachlichen Strukturen die Autoren in ihrem Text auf eigenes Verfasserhandeln verweisen. Eine quantitativ-statistische Auswertung zeigt signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Gruppen auf: Bei einer insgesamt deutlich niedrigeren Verweisdichte weisen die polnischen Texte einen erheblich höheren Anteil von Passivkonstruktionen auf, während etwa sein + zu + Infinitiv sowie lassen-Konstruktionen deutlich seltener sind. Mögliche Erklärungsansätze liegen in Frequenzmustern im sprachlichen Input, aber auch in Transferphänomenen.
Sustainability in the design of liquefied petroleum gas systems used in buildings
Authors: Farouq Amna Amer , Al-Obaidi Basim H. K.
Published: June 2022

With the spread of the use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in developing countries for use in domestic cooking with the increase in the expansion and distribution of gas pipelines for residential buildings, the 2002 World Summit focused on sustainable development in clean energy for natural gas (NG) and LPG. The research aims to focus on the important aspects of design sustainability from an environmental point of view to reduce gas leakage, accidents, and explosions that occur socially to expand the distribution of LPG and motivate the consumers to use it instead of natural gas and other fuels, and from an economic point of view to take into account the annual cost and aesthetic impact of maintaining on the view of the building and the design of the pipes in ways that do not distort the public view. The study area was a building in a residential complex in Baghdad and the gas pipelines were connected to the building completely for studying. The axes of sustainability were applied to the building in an analysis method using the goals achievement matrix, which is divided into main goals and secondary goals. The results showed that the environmental and aesthetic sustainability were well applied to the building, but from a social point of view, in the dissemination of safety instructions to the consumer, and from a financial point of view, there were shortcomings in them, and this could lead to long-term damage to the building.
Impediments to maternal mortality reduction in Africa: a systemic and socioeconomic overview
Authors: Aliyu Labaran Dayyabu , Kadas Abubakar Saidu , Mohammed Abdulsalam , Abdulllahi Hauwa Musa , Farouk Zubaida , Usman Fatima , Attah Raphael Avidime , Yusuf Murtala , Magashi Mahmoud Kawu , Miko Mustapha
Published: June 2022

Maternal mortality is nowadays more of a problem of developing countries especially those in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Maternal mortality has to large extent been eliminated in developed countries and has drastically been reduced in many other regions of the world. The maternal mortality rate (MMR) available in the literature from Africa is not a true reflection of the actual MMR as it is derived from institutional studies. The causes of maternal mortality in SSA are the same as those in developed countries. The means of addressing maternal mortality used in developed countries are the same as those used in developing countries, however, the success levels are not the same. There are various impediments to reducing maternal mortality with roots in cultural, social, economic and systemic factors prevalent in SSA. An in-depth study of these factors will give an insight as to why maternal mortality reduction has remained an enigma in SSA. Analyzing these factors will guide us to design and implement measures that will in the long run lead to significant maternal mortality reduction in SSA. The aim of this review is to identify impediments to maternal mortality reduction in SSA and highlight measures that can lead to maternal mortality reduction.
Livy, Cassius Dio, and Prodigies in the Early Roman Empire
Authors: Satterfield Susan
Published: June 2022

Scholars who study Roman prodigies and expiations have mostly ignored Cassius Dio’s imperial prodigy lists. This paper argues that these lists should be considered valid. If we accept them, we have a wealth of evidence for the continuation of prodigy reports and expiations in the early Roman Empire.
Procurator di[oecesis]? Reinterpretation of CIL VIII 14727 = ILPBardo 229 and the Beginnings of the Administration of Imperial Domains ofAfrica Proconsularis
Authors: Kłodziński Karol
Published: June 2022

Descriptions of the administration of imperial domains inAfrica Proconsularisshare much common ground in their interpretations. The literature features a widespread emphasis on the special role of the governments of Trajan and Hadrian in reorganising the imperial domains in this province – and especially in the Bagradas Valley, which has furnished us with exceptional epigraphic material in the form of agrarian inscriptions. While the 2nd-century administrative operations of imperial domains are fairly well understood – mainly due to this category of inscriptions – the 1st century remains something of a mystery. Researchers have dated the beginning of fundamental changes to how domain administration was organised to the times of the Flavians, after the great confiscations of Nero. However, a re-interpretation of a procuratorial title from CIL VIII 14727 = ILPBardo 229 and a broader analysis of the epigraphic material shed new light on the beginnings of the administration of imperial domains inAfrica Proconsularis, and especially in the grain-growing region of Byzacium; there, perhaps even in the mid-1st century, there was an imperial administration and a domain district (diocese) modelled after another grain province of Egypt.
Possible impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on suicide behavior among patients in Southeast Serbia
Authors: Golubovic Suzana Tosic , Zikic Olivera , Nikolic Gordana , Kostic Jelena , Simonovic Maja , Binic Iva , Gugleta Uros
Published: June 2022

Individuals with serious mental illness are more affected by emotional reactions, including suicidal behavior due to COVID‐19 and psychosocial consequences of pandemic. The current cross-sectional study aimed to explore the possible association of COVID-19 and suicidal behavior (suicide ideation and attempt) before and during pandemic-associated lockdown in Serbia. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 104 adult psychiatric inpatients admitted at Psychiatric Clinic, University Clinic Center Niš, Serbia, after ending lockdown and compared the obtained results with 181 adult psychiatric inpatients admitted during the same period in 2019 and 2018. Suicide ideation were more frequent in 2020 comparing with 2019 and 2018 (25 vs 12.5%, vs 9.41%; p < 0.05). Around 28% of patients with suicide attempts were exposed daily to the information related to COVID-19 coming from social media, while this frequency was significantly lower, only 7.55% (p < 0.1), among patients with no suicide ideation or attempts. Adjustment disorder was more frequent among patients with suicide attempts in comparison to the patients with suicide ideation (32 vs 11%), especially in patients without suicide ideation and attempts (32 vs 0%, p < 0.001). Of all studied patients with suicide attempts during 2020, 60% were not in the previous psychiatric treatment before admission.
In vitro antimicrobial activity of ozonated oil in liposome eyedrop against multidrug-resistant bacteria
Authors: Grandi Giuseppe , Cavallo Rossana , Zanotto Elisa , Cipriani Raffaella , Panico Claudio , Protti Romolo , Scapagnini Giovanni , Davinelli Sergio , Costagliola Ciro
Published: June 2022

Bacteria are the most common causative agents of ocular infections. Treatment with topical broad-spectrum antibiotics is recommended in severe cases. However, antibiotic resistance has become a major concern in recent years, although antibiotics are generally effective in treating ocular infections. Antibacterial compound screening is performed to identify alternative therapeutic options to antibiotics. The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity of an ophthalmic solution containing ozonated oil. Strains of bacterial species with a multidrug resistance profile, which are responsible for a large proportion of ocular infections, were isolated and selected from different biological samples. The bacterial isolates were cultured, and ozonated oil was used to evaluate the inhibition zones at different time points. The treatment exhibited antibacterial activity against all the tested species. The effect was lower against the strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and more evident against Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp. Our results suggest that the administration of ozonated oil may be a candidate agent to treat some infections of the ocular surface with a potential role in antimicrobial prophylaxis.
Characterization of a low-alloy steel component produced with wire arc additive manufacturing process using metal-cored wire
Authors: Gürol Uğur , Dilibal Savaş , Turgut Batuhan , Koçak Mustafa
Published: June 2022

In this study, a low-alloy steel component was manufactured using specially produced E70C-6M class of metal-cored welding wire according to AWS A5.18 standard for the WAAM process. The manufactured low-alloy steel component was first subjected to radiographic examination to detect any weld defect. Uniaxial tensile tests were conducted for the bottom, middle and upper regions. The micro-hardness tests were performed parallel to the deposition direction. The results show that microstructures varied from base metal to the face region of the WAAM component, including the bottom, middle and top sections. The bottom region showed lamellar structures; the middle and upper region presented equiaxed ferrite structure with a small amount of grain boundary pearlites and the face region displayed a mix of equiaxed and lamellar structures of ferrites. The yield and ultimate tensile strengths of the top, middle, and bottom regions exhibited similar results varying between 370 MPa and 490 MPa, respectively. In contrast, the top region showed an elongation value about 15% higher than other regions. Moreover, the yield and ultimate tensile strength for WAAM-produced component were found to be 14% and 24% lower than the multiple-pass all-weld metal of E70C-6M class of metal-cored wire.
How the sense of smell influences cognition throughout life
Authors: Kostka Johanna K. , Bitzenhofer Sebastian H.
Published: June 2022

Although mostly unaware, we constantly navigate a complex landscape of airborne molecules. The perception of these molecules helps us navigate, shapes our social life, and can trigger emotionally charged memories transporting us back to the past within a split second. While the processing of olfactory information in early sensory areas is well understood, how the sense of smell affects cognition only recently gained attention in the field of neuroscience. Here, we review links between olfaction and cognition and explore the idea that the activity in olfactory areas may be critical for coordinating cognitive networks. Further, we discuss how olfactory activity may shape the development of cognitive networks and associations between the decline of olfactory and cognitive abilities in aging. Olfaction provides a great tool to study large-scale networks underlying cognitive abilities and bears the potential for a better understanding of cognitive symptoms associated with many mental disorders.
EngOps – Ein Leitbild für das agile Zusammenwirken von Engineering und Operations
Authors: Anacker Harald , Dumitrescu Roman , Michels Nico , Rasor Rik
Published: June 2022

Um global erfolgreich zu bleiben, wird es bald nicht mehr ausreichen, Kriterien wie ein gutes Produktdesign zu erfüllen. Stattdessen muss der Kundennutzen kontinuierlich über den Produktlebenszyklus hinaus gesteigert werden. Tech-Konzerne verzeichnen bereits Erfolge und verkörpern den Wandel schon heute. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist ein neues Leitbild in der Entwicklung und dem Betrieb von zukünftigen, technischen Systemen erforderlich. EngOps soll diesen Bedarf decken und steht für die agile Kollaboration zwischen Engineering und Operations. Alle Teile des Unternehmens sollen ständig miteinander kooperieren, um so beispielsweise wandelbare Produkte auch nach dem Verkauf entwickeln zu können.
PPS-Report 2021
Authors: Maetschke Jan , Fulterer Judith , Janke Tim , Zipfel Alexander , Bank Lukas , Theumer Philipp , Mundt Christopher , Köster Nina , Kämpfer Tim , Heuer Tammo , Hiller Tobias
Published: June 2022

Vier deutsche produktionstechnische Institute, WZL, Fraunhofer IGCV, IPMT und IFA, haben sich zum fünften Mal zur Durchführung einer Studie zusammengeschlossen, um die aktuellen Entwicklungen der Produktionsplanung und -steuerung (PPS) in der Praxis zu erfassen. Das Ziel der Expertenbefragung lag darin, den aktuellen Status quo der PPS in Bezug auf die Berücksichtigung von Robustheit, Nachhaltigkeit und Komplexitätsbeherrschung zu identifizieren. Die Ergebnisse der gemeinsamen Studie zeigen, dass die Corona-Pandemie einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die verfolgten Ziele hatte.
Einsatzpotenziale additiv gefertigter Schleifstifte mit Innenkühlung zur Bearbeitung von Zerodur®
Authors: Hartig Jörg , Müller Daniel , Kirsch Benjamin , Greco Sebastian , Platz Jacques , Aurich Jan C.
Published: June 2022

Zur Bearbeitung von Zerodur® werden primär Fertigungsverfahren mit geometrisch unbestimmter Schneide eingesetzt. Entscheidend für eine hohe Werkzeugstandzeit ist eine bedarfsgerechte Versorgung der Zerspanzone mit Kühlschmierstoff. Innenliegende Kühlkanäle bei Schleifstiften werden in der Regel mittels subtraktiver Verfahren oder beim Sintern der Grundkörper eingebracht, weshalb die Formgebung und Positionierung der Kanäle fertigungstechnischen Restriktionen unterliegen. Die konstruktiven Gestaltungsfreiheiten der additiven Fertigungsverfahren eröffnen hierbei innovative Ansätze zur Optimierung der Kühlkanäle.