bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of COVID-19 on the association between pulse oximetry and arterial oxygenation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Nguyen Lee S. , Helias Marion , Raia Lisa , Nicolas Estelle , Jaubert Paul , Benghanem Sarah , Ait Hamou Zakaria , Dupland Pierre , Charpentier Julien , Pène Frédéric , Cariou Alain , Mira Jean-Paul , Chiche Jean-Daniel , Jozwiak Mathieu
Published: January 2022

Managing patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requires frequent changes in mechanical ventilator respiratory settings to optimize arterial oxygenation assessed by arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) and saturation (SaO2). Pulse oxymetry (SpO2) has been suggested as a non-invasive surrogate for arterial oxygenation however its accuracy in COVID-19 patients is unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of COVID-19 status on the association between SpO2 and arterial oxygenation. We prospectively included patients with ARDS and compared COVID-19 to non-COVID-19 patients, regarding SpO2 and concomitant arterial oxygenation (SaO2 and PaO2) measurements, and their association. Bias was defined as mean difference between SpO2 and SaO2 measurements. Occult hypoxemia was defined as a SpO2 ≥ 92% while concomitant SaO2 < 88%. Multiple linear regression models were built to account for confounders. We also assessed concordance between positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) trial-induced changes in SpO2 and in arterial oxygenation. We included 55 patients, among them 26 (47%) with COVID-19. Overall, SpO2 and SaO2 measurements were correlated (r = 0.70; p < 0.0001), however less so in COVID-19 than in non-COVID-19 patients (r = 0.55, p < 0.0001 vs. r = 0.84, p < 0.0001, p = 0.002 for intergroup comparison). Bias was + 1.1%, greater in COVID-19 than in non-COVID-19 patients (2.0 vs. 0.3%; p = 0.02). In multivariate analysis, bias was associated with COVID-19 status (unstandardized β = 1.77, 95%CI = 0.38–3.15, p = 0.01), ethnic group and ARDS severity. Occult hypoxemia occurred in 5.5% of measurements (7.7% in COVID-19 patients vs. 3.4% in non-COVID-19 patients, p = 0.42). Concordance rate between PEEP trial-induced changes in SpO2 and SaO2 was 84%, however less so in COVID-19 than in non-COVID-19 patients (69% vs. 97%, respectively). Similar results were observed for PaO2 regarding correlations, bias, and concordance with SpO2 changes. In patients with ARDS, SpO2 was associated with arterial oxygenation, but COVID-19 status significantly altered this association.
Uniparental genetic markers to investigate hybridization in wild-born marmosets with a mixed phenotype among Callithrix aurita and invasive species
Authors: Nogueira Denise Monnerat , de Carvalho Rodrigo Salles , de Oliveira Andréa Maria , de Paula Thiago Silva , Pereira Daniel Gomes , Pissinatti Alcides , Loiola Silvia de Oliveira , Carvalho Elizeu Fagundes , Silva Dayse Aparecida , Bergallo Helena Godoy , Ferreira Ana Maria dos Reis
Published: January 2022

The native marmoset of the Southeastern Atlantic Forest in Brazil is among the 25 most endangered primates of the world. Hybridization with alien species is one of its main threats registered since the early 2000s based on phenotype, so far, without genetic confirmation. Using uniparental molecular markers, we analyzed 18 putative hybrids, captured from 2004 to 2013 in different localities of the Atlantic Forest. A nine base pair deletion in theSRYgene ofC. auritawas used to investigate paternal ancestry. Maternal ancestry was assessed by DNA sequencing of ca. 455 bp from theCOX2gene. Hybridization was confirmed for 16 out of the 18 marmosets since they inheritedCOX2haplotypes of the alienC. penicillataorC. jacchusand theSRYdeletion specific toC. aurita. Two individuals inherited both parental lineages ofC. aurita, which is probably related to backcrossing or hybrid interbreeding. The direction of hybridization of females with the matrilineal lineage of invasive species with males descending from the native lineage was predominant in our sampling. This is the first time that hybridization betweenC. auritaand invasive species has been confirmed through genetic analysis.
Performance and reliability improvement in intercalated MLGNR interconnects using optimized aspect ratio
Authors: Kumari Bhawana , Sharma Rohit , Sahoo Manodipan
Published: January 2022

In this work, aspect ratio of various intercalation doped MLGNR interconnects are optimized using a numerical approach to achieve improved performance and reliability. A numerical optimization method is presented to estimate optimized aspect ratio considering combined effects of performance, noise and reliability metrics for any arbitrary nano interconnect system. This approach is cost effective and will be extremely useful to industry for selection of aspect ratio of interconnects as it is a non-SPICE method and reduces fabrication iterations for achieving desired performance and reliability. Our numerical method suggests that by minimizing the figure of merit (i.e. Noise Delay Power Product / Breakdown Power$$P_{BD}$$PBDratio), aspect ratio of FeCl3doped MLGNR interconnect is optimized at 0.987, 0.61 and 0.579 for local, intermediate and global level, respectively at 7 nm node. Comparing the optimized performance metrics in this work with the estimated metrics at prescribed aspect ratio byIRDSroadmap, delay, noise delay product (NDP), power delay product (PDP),$$PDP/ P_{BD}$$PDP/PBDratio and figure of merit are improved by ($$\sim$$∼2% and$$\sim$$∼25%), ($$\sim$$∼44% and$$\sim$$∼50%), ($$\sim$$∼9% and$$\sim$$∼48%), ($$\sim$$∼6% and$$\sim$$∼48%) and ($$\sim$$∼49% and$$\sim$$∼68%) for 10$$\mu$$μm and 1 mm long Fecl3doped MLGNR interconnect, respectively at 7 nm node. Increase in contact resistance leads to significant decrease in performance and increase in optimized aspect ratio of local Fecl3doped MLGNR interconnect. Scaling down from 10 to 7 nm node results in increase of optimized aspect ratio in all levels of interconnects. Even though the performance of MLGNR degrades with scaling down but when compared to copper, the performance improves with technology scaling. Finally, this study provides circuit designers a detailed guideline for selecting an optimized aspect ratio for achieving better performance, power efficiency and reliability in doped MLGNR interconnects.
No evidence that mask-wearing in public places elicits risk compensation behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Liebst Lasse S. , Ejbye-Ernst Peter , de Bruin Marijn , Thomas Josephine , Lindegaard Marie R.
Published: January 2022

Face masks have been widely employed as a personal protective measure during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, concerns remain that masks create a false sense of security that reduces adherence to other public health measures, including social distancing. This paper tested whether mask-wearing was negatively associated with social distancing compliance. In two studies, we combined video-observational records of public mask-wearing in two Dutch cities with a natural-experimental approach to evaluate the effect of an area-based mask mandate. We found no observational evidence of an association between mask-wearing and social distancing but found a positive link between crowding and social distancing violations. Our natural-experimental analysis showed that an area-based mask mandate did not significantly affect social distancing or crowding levels. Our results alleviate the concern that mask use reduces social distancing compliance or increases crowding levels. On the other hand, crowding reduction may be a viable strategy to mitigate social distancing violations.
Bacillus subtilis spores as delivery system for nasal Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite surface protein immunization in a murine model
Authors: de Almeida Maria Edilene M. , Alves Késsia Caroline Souza , de Vasconcelos Maria Gabriella Santos , Pinto Thiago Serrão , Glória Juliane Corrêa , Chaves Yury Oliveira , Neves Walter Luiz Lima , Tarragô Andrea Monteiro , de Souza Neto Júlio Nino , Astolfi-Filho Spartaco , Pontes Gemilson Soares , da Silva Balieiro Antônio Alcirley , Isticato Rachele , Ricca Ezio , Mariúba Luis André M.
Published: January 2022

Malaria remains a widespread public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, and there is still no vaccine available for full protection. In recent years, it has been observed that spores of Bacillus subtillis can act as a vaccine carrier and adjuvant, promoting an elevated humoral response after co-administration with antigens either coupled or integrated to their surface. In our study, B. subtillis spores from the KO7 strain were used to couple the recombinant CSP protein of P. falciparum (rPfCSP), and the nasal humoral-induced immune response in Balb/C mice was evaluated. Our results demonstrate that the spores coupled to rPfCSP increase the immunogenicity of the antigen, which induces high levels of serum IgG, and with balanced Th1/Th2 immune response, being detected antibodies in serum samples for 250 days. Therefore, the use of B. subtilis spores appears to be promising for use as an adjuvant in a vaccine formulation.
Effectivity of treatment for children with functional dyspepsia
Authors: Légeret Corinne , Stienen Yvonne , Furlano Raoul , Köhler Henrik
Published: January 2022

Functional dyspepsia is very common in children of all ages and has a significant impact on the patient’s family and quality of life. Since the revision of the Rome IV criteria with the introduction of two subtypes, the prevalence of functional dyspepsia has increased, but currently no guidelines for the treatment are available. The aim of this study was to characterize patients, who have been diagnosed with functional dyspepsia and analyze the outcome of different treatments they received. This is a retrospective study of pediatric patients, diagnosed with functional dyspepsia between March 2017 and September 2020. All patients aged between 0 and18 years, who complained about gastric symptoms, have had a normal full blood count, a normal thyroid function, a negative coeliac screening, and most importantly normal macro- and microscopic findings on esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy were included in the study. Patient’s data were extracted from the medical record and three months after the performance of the endoscopy, parents were interviewed about the effect of the treatment. A total of 154 patients (66.2% female, 33.8% male) between the age of 4 and 18 years were included. In 113 (73.4%) the leading symptom was epigastric pain, followed by nausea (22; 14.3%) and a fifth of the patients (females: 18.6%; males: 21.2%) self-reported a current stressor in clinic. After receiving the diagnosis of a functional nature, families chose following treatments: 50 STW5 (32.3%, overall, 10.4% added dietary changes, alternative treatment, and psychology support), psychological support (22.7%), alternative treatments (e.g., hypnotherapy, meditation; 19.5%), dietary changes (12.9%), lifestyle changes (9.7%), no treatment (11%) and in 10.4% no treatment was needed as symptoms resolved after endoscopy had been performed. Only lifestyle changes (p = 0.03) in females, dietary changes (p = 0.035 for girls, p = 0.06 for boys) and STW5 in males (p = 0.043) showed a statistically relevant correlation regarding duration of symptoms. There was no correlation between location of symptoms and effectiveness of treatment. It is recommended to treat patients from both subgroups of functional dyspepsia differently, in accordance with the currently available explanatory models of underlying pathophysiological processes. In this cohort of patients this could not be verified. As all patients did benefit from any treatment, it is likely that the treatment itself was not accountable for the relief of symptoms, but that most patients benefit from education on the diagnosis, reassurance and a recommendation of a healthy lifestyle. Some patients might benefit from medications, small changes in the diet, psychological support or alternative treatment, but success depends on individual, unpredictable factor.
No short-term effect of sinking microplastics on heterotrophy or sediment clearing in the tropical coral Stylophora pistillata
Authors: Bejarano Sonia , Diemel Valeska , Feuring Anna , Ghilardi Mattia , Harder Tilmann
Published: January 2022

Investigations of encounters between corals and microplastics have, to date, used particle concentrations that are several orders of magnitude above environmentally relevant levels. Here we investigate whether concentrations closer to values reported in tropical coral reefs affect sediment shedding and heterotrophy in reef-building corals. We show that single-pulse microplastic deposition elicits significantly more coral polyp retraction than comparable amounts of calcareous sediments. When deposited separately from sediments, microplastics remain longer on corals than sediments, through stronger adhesion and longer periods of examination by the coral polyps. Contamination of sediments with microplastics does not retard corals’ sediment clearing rates. Rather, sediments speed-up microplastic shedding, possibly affecting its electrostatic behaviour. Heterotrophy rates are three times higher than microplastic ingestion rates when corals encounter microzooplankton (Artemia salina cysts) and microplastics separately. Exposed to cysts-microplastic combinations, corals feed preferentially on cysts regardless of microplastic concentration. Chronic-exposure experiments should test whether our conclusions hold true under environmental conditions typical of inshore marginal coral reefs.
Revealing the differential protein profiles behind the nitrogen use efficiency in popcorn (Zea mays var. everta)
Authors: Khan Shahid , Pinto Vitor Batista , do Amaral Júnior Antônio Teixeira , Gonçalves Gabriel Moreno Bernardo , Corrêa Caio Cézar Guedes , Ferreira Fernando Rafael Alves , de Souza Guilherme Augusto Rodrigues , Campostrini Eliemar , Freitas Marta Simone Mendonça , Vieira Marlene Evangelista , de Oliveira Santos Talles , de Lima Valter Jário , Kamphorst Samuel Henrique , do Amaral José Francisco Teixeira , Mora-Poblete Freddy , de Souza Filho Gonçalo Apolinário , Silveira Vanildo
Published: January 2022

We investigated the proteomic profiles of two popcorn inbred lines, P2 (N-efficient and N-responsive) and L80 (N-inefficient and nonresponsive to N), under low (10% of N supply) and high (100% of N supply) nitrogen environments, associated with agronomic- and physiological-related traits to NUE. The comparative proteomic analysis allowed the identification of 79 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) in the comparison of high/low N for P2 and 96 DAPs in the comparison of high/low N for L80. The NUE and N uptake efficiency (NUpE) presented high means in P2 in comparison to L80 at both N levels, but the NUE, NUpE, and N utilization efficiency (NUtE) rates decreased in P2 under a high N supply. DAPs involved in energy and carbohydrate metabolism suggested that N regulates enzymes of alternative pathways to adapt to energy shortages and that fructose-bisphosphate aldolase may act as one of the key primary nitrate responsive proteins in P2. Proteins related to ascorbate biosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism increased their regulation in P2, and the interaction of l-ascorbate peroxidase and Fd-NiR may play an important role in the NUE trait. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the proteomic changes taking place in contrasting inbred lines, providing useful information on the genetic improvement of NUE in popcorn.
Dyeing of soybean protein/flax blended yarns with reactive dyes and subsequent dye-fixation
Authors: Liu Jie , Jiang Wenqi , Lv Chun
Published: January 2022

The dyeing process of soybean protein/flax blended yarns with reactive dyes (containing monofunctional or bifunctional groups) and the method of improving the color fastness of dyed yarns treated with an ecofriendly formaldehyde-free fixing agent were studied. Influence factors such as sodium carbonate concentration, salt concentration, fixation time and temperature were analyzed, the optimum processes to soybean protein/flax blended yarns dyed with the two reactive dyes were determined: the soybean protein/flax blended yarns were dyed with Reactive Yellow K-R at a bath to material ratio of 20:1, dye concentration 2% owf., sodium chloride 40 g/L, sodium carbonate 10 g/L, fixed at 85 °C for 30 min; and dyed with Reactive Yellow B-4RFN at a bath to material ratio of 20:1, dye concentration 2% owf., sodium chloride 50 g/L, sodium carbonate 15 g/L, fixed at 70 °C for 50 min. The application processes of formaldehyde-free fixing agent DM-2158 were also determined. Performance test results indicated that both K-type and B-type reactive dyes had good colorfastness to washing and rubbing, and B-type reactive dyes showed a higher fixing effect than K-type reactive dyes. The application of a formaldehyde-free fixing agent to dyed products improved the colorfastness to washing and rubbing, especially for blended yarns dyed with K-type reactive dyes.
Author Correction: Evolution of floral characters and biogeography of Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae): an example of breeding system shifts with inflorescence change
Authors: Chao Chien‑Ti , Kuo Chu‑Chia , Chang Jui‑Tse , Chai Min‑Wei , Liao Pei‑Chun
Published: January 2022

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Multimodal analysis suggests differential immuno-metabolic crosstalk in lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma
Authors: Leitner Brooks P. , Givechian Kevin B. , Ospanova Shyryn , Beisenbayeva Aray , Politi Katerina , Perry Rachel J.
Published: January 2022

Immunometabolism within the tumor microenvironment is an appealing target for precision therapy approaches in lung cancer. Interestingly, obesity confers an improved response to immune checkpoint inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), suggesting intriguing relationships between systemic metabolism and the immunometabolic environment in lung tumors. We hypothesized that visceral fat and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake influenced the tumor immunometabolic environment and that these bidirectional relationships differ in NSCLC subtypes, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). By integrating 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging, bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing, and histology, we observed that LUSC had a greater dependence on glucose than LUAD. In LUAD tumors with high glucose uptake, glutaminase was downregulated, suggesting a tradeoff between glucose and glutamine metabolism, while in LUSC tumors with high glucose uptake, genes related to fatty acid and amino acid metabolism were also increased. We found that tumor-infiltrating T cells had the highest expression of glutaminase, ribosomal protein 37, and cystathionine gamma-lyase in NSCLC, highlighting the metabolic flexibility of this cell type. Further, we demonstrate that visceral adiposity, but not body mass index (BMI), was positively associated with tumor glucose uptake in LUAD and that patients with high BMI had favorable prognostic transcriptional profiles, while tumors of patients with high visceral fat had poor prognostic gene expression. We posit that metabolic adjunct therapy may be more successful in LUSC rather than LUAD due to LUAD’s metabolic flexibility and that visceral adiposity, not BMI alone, should be considered when developing precision medicine approaches for the treatment of NSCLC.
The fast continuous wavelet transformation (fCWT) for real-time, high-quality, noise-resistant time–frequency analysis
Authors: Arts Lukas P. A. , van den Broek Egon. L.
Published: January 2022

The spectral analysis of signals is currently either dominated by the speed–accuracy trade-off or ignores a signal’s often non-stationary character. Here we introduce an open-source algorithm to calculate the fast continuous wavelet transform (fCWT). The parallel environment of fCWT separates scale-independent and scale-dependent operations, while utilizing optimized fast Fourier transforms that exploit downsampled wavelets. fCWT is benchmarked for speed against eight competitive algorithms, tested on noise resistance and validated on synthetic electroencephalography and in vivo extracellular local field potential data. fCWT is shown to have the accuracy of CWT, to have 100 times higher spectral resolution than algorithms equal in speed, to be 122 times and 34 times faster than the reference and fastest state-of-the-art implementations and we demonstrate its real-time performance, as confirmed by the real-time analysis ratio. fCWT provides an improved balance between speed and accuracy, which enables real-time, wide-band, high-quality, time–frequency analysis of non-stationary noisy signals.
Glioma-targeted multifunctional nanoparticles to co-deliver camptothecin and curcumin for enhanced chemo-immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Zian , Wang Xuan , Yu Hua , Chen Meiwan
Published: January 2022

Drugs are transported across the blood–brain barrier to carry out enhanced chemo-immunotherapy. The black arrows and the pink arrows point to the intracellular pathways and action mechanism of CUR and CPT, respectively.
Chemogenetics of cell surface receptors: beyond genetic and pharmacological approaches
Authors: Miura Yuta , Senoo Akinobu , Doura Tomohiro , Kiyonaka Shigeki
Published: January 2022

In this review, we describe chemogenetics of cell surface receptors. This approach using designer ligands allows for rapid and selective control of the designer receptor function without affecting the endogenous systems.
New insight to superoxide radical-mediated degradation of pentachlorophenate: Kinetic determination and theoretical calculations
Authors: Bai Lu , He Lei , Fu Yifu , Chu Chu , Wei Zongsu , Spinney Richard , Dionysiou Dionysios D. , Liang Yanjie , Xiao Ruiyang
Published: January 2022

This study reported the reactivity and mechanisms of superoxide radical (O2˙−)-mediated transformation of pentachlorophenate.
Quasiparticle dynamics and phonon softening in FeSe0.9S0.1 superconductors
Authors: Wu Yuxian , Guo Jia , Li Ning , Li Yong , Chen Yongliang , Liang Weizheng , Zhao Yong
Published: January 2022

The quasiparticle and longitudinal acoustic coherent phonon dynamics of the FeSe0.9S0.1 single crystal were investigated by femtosecond transient optical spectroscopy.
Photoelectron elliptical dichroism spectroscopy of resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization via the 3s, 3p and 3d Rydberg series in fenchone
Authors: Beauvarlet Sandra , Bloch Etienne , Rajak Debobrata , Descamps Dominique , Fabre Baptiste , Petit Stéphane , Pons Bernard , Mairesse Yann , Blanchet Valérie
Published: January 2022

In 2 + 1 fs-REMPI of chiral molecules, recording the forward–backward asymmetry in the photoelectron distribution as a function of the ionizing light ellipticity reveals the non-adiabatic couplings occurring during the 70 fs duration of the pulses.
Chitosan–lignin carbon framework-encapsulated Cu catalyst facilitates base-free hydrogen evolution from methanol/water
Authors: Pi Yunhong , Wu Xiuting , Zheng Zefeng , Ma Liang , Wang Tiejun
Published: January 2022

A bio-composite Cu catalyst encapsulated and highly dispersed in a chitosan–lignan carbon framework efficiently facilitates base-free hydrogen evolution from a methanol/water reforming reaction.
Highly efficient functionalized MOF-LIC-1 for extraction of U(vi) and Th(iv) from aqueous solution: experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Venkata Sravani V. , Sengupta Somnath , Sreenivasulu B. , Gopakumar Gopinadhanpillai , Tripathi Sarita , Chandra Manish , Brahmmananda Rao C. V. S. , Suresh A. , Nagarajan Sivaraman
Published: January 2022

Four MOF-LIC-1 MOFs following the PSM strategy were prepared, characterized, and examined for the sorption of U(vi) and Th(iv). Also the nature of U(vi) interactions on MOFs was also investigated by applying DFT calculations.
Resource utilization of electroplating wastewater: obstacles and solutions
Authors: Li Shuai , Dai Min , Wu Yanni , Fu He , Hou Xiaoting , Peng Changsheng , Luo Huihong
Published: January 2022

The source, composition and impacts of impurities on electroplating wastewater treatment are discussed to achieve higher recovery of metals and water.
Docosahexaenoic acid lessens hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation via the AMP-activated protein kinase and endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathways in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Authors: Huang Xiaocheng , Sun Jian , Bian Chenchen , Ji Shanghong , Ji Hong
Published: January 2022

DHA exerts a protective effect on hepatic steatosis by inhibiting ER stress, improving antioxidant ability, relieving hepatic inflammation and inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis in an AMPK-dependent manner.
A β-N-acetylhexosaminidase Amuc_2109 from Akkermansia muciniphila protects against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by enhancing intestinal barrier and modulating gut microbiota
Authors: Qian Kaiyue , Chen Shoujun , Wang Junchao , Sheng Kangliang , Wang Yongzhong , Zhang Min
Published: January 2022

Amuc_2109 protects against colitis by inhibiting the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, suppressing the activation of colonic inflammatory-signaling pathways, enhancing the intestinal barrier and modulating the gut microbiota.
Mo-Doped/Ni-supported ZnIn2S4-wrapped NiMoO4 S-scheme heterojunction photocatalytic reforming of lignin into hydrogen
Authors: Su Hang , Rao Cheng , Zhou Lan , Pang Yuxia , Lou Hongming , Yang Dongjie , Qiu Xueqing
Published: January 2022

A novel and general approach for the rational design of a S-scheme heterojunction coupled with doping and co-catalyst modification via a reduction strategy assisted by thermal dissolution for photocatalytic HER.
3D-Printed microfluidic device for protein purification in batch chromatography
Authors: Habib Taieb , Brämer Chantal , Heuer Christopher , Ebbecke Jan , Beutel Sascha , Bahnemann Janina
Published: January 2022

Using high-precision 3D printing, we developed a microfluidic device capable of automated batch chromatography with low dead volume. The 3D-printed device enables easy integration and straightforward connection of external components.
Chemiluminescence “turn-on” detection of tyrosinase activity via in situ generation of dopamine based on a lucigenin and riboflavin system
Authors: Wang Yi , Du Chengpei , Liu Ze , Pei Kanglin , Zhang Yan , Qi Wenjing
Published: January 2022

A lucigenin and riboflavin chemiluminescence system was utilized for the first to achieve “turn-on” detection of tyrosinase activity via the in situ generation of dopamine.
Single-molecule FRET combined with electrokinetic trapping reveals real-time enzyme kinetics of individual F-ATP synthases
Authors: Sielaff Hendrik , Dienerowitz Frank , Dienerowitz Maria
Published: January 2022

Combining smFRET and electrokinetic trapping to investigate dynamic conformational changes of single molecules in solution with millisecond time resolution for observation times extending beyond the duration of several reaction cycles.
Low thermal conductivity in franckeite heterostructures
Authors: Spiece Jean , Sangtarash Sara , Mucientes Marta , Molina-Mendoza Aday J. , Lulla Kunal , Mueller Thomas , Kolosov Oleg , Sadeghi Hatef , Evangeli Charalambos
Published: January 2022

Franckeite, a natural 2D heterostructure, competes with high ZT values materials thanks to its measured low anisotropic thermal conductivity and high Seebeck coefficient.
Facile regeneration of oxidized porous carbon nitride rods by the de-aromatization of the heptazine network in bulk g-C3N4
Authors: Zhang Qingqing , Chen Yuhe , Zhao Chengxiao , Yang Xiaofei , Chen Zupeng
Published: January 2022

The one-dimensional oxidized porous carbon nitride rods via de-aromatization of the heptazine network in bulk g-C3N4 exhibit excellent photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of rhodamine B compared with that of bulk g-C3N4.
Exciton interactions in helical crystals of a hydrogen-bonded eumelanin monomer
Authors: Sasikumar Devika , Vinod Kavya , Sunny Jeswin , Hariharan Mahesh
Published: January 2022

Single crystals of DHI monomer, a eumelanin precursor, adopt an atypical chiral packing arrangement incorporating enantiomeric zig-zag helical stacks while its covalently connected DHI trimer forms double-helical crystals in the mesoscopic scale.
Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of Scenedesmus sp. biomass integrated with dark-fermentation: biocrude and low-carbon fuel production in a biorefinery approach
Authors: Kopperi Harishankar , Katakojwala Ranaprathap , Mohan S. Venkata
Published: January 2022

The catalytic-HTL process integrated with dark fermentation using algal biomass as the primary feedstock was studied for production of chemicals/fuels in biorefinery mode infusing circular chemistry/economy.
Electrophoresis of metal-dielectric Janus particles with dipolar director symmetry in nematic liquid crystals
Authors: Sahu Dinesh Kumar , Dhara Surajit
Published: January 2022

Nonlinear electrophoresis of metal-dielectric Janus particles in nematic liquid crystals.
Atom probe analysis of electrode materials for Li-ion batteries: challenges and ways forward
Authors: Kim Se-Ho , Antonov Stoichko , Zhou Xuyang , Stephenson Leigh T. , Jung Chanwon , El-Zoka Ayman A. , Schreiber Daniel K. , Conroy Michele , Gault Baptiste
Published: January 2022

Atom probe results of the NMC811 sample from an ultra-high vacuum vs. air transferring.
Core–shell Cu@Cu2O nanoparticles embedded in 3D honeycomb-like N-doped graphitic carbon for photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: He Lang , Zhang Wenyuan , Zhao Kristin , Liu Sheng , Zhao Yan
Published: January 2022

A facile polymer thermal treatment method has been employed to fabricate 3D honeycomb-like nitrogen-doped graphitic carbons (N-GCs) with embedded core–shell Cu@Cu2O nanoparticles (NPs).
Efficient ethylene/ethane separation through ionic liquid-confined covalent organic framework membranes
Authors: Liang Xu , Wu Hong , Huang Hongliang , Wang Xiaoyao , Wang Meidi , Dou Haozhen , He Guangwei , Ren Yanxiong , Liu Yutao , Wu Yingzhen , Wang Shaoyu , Ge Huilin , Zhong Chongli , Chen Yu , Jiang Zhongyi
Published: January 2022

For the first time, we demonstrate the utilization of covalent organic framework (COF) membranes for efficient ethylene/ethane separation.
APLNR Regulates IFN-γ signaling via β-arrestin 1 mediated JAK-STAT1 pathway in melanoma cells
Authors: Liu Yingying , Ma Xiaochuan , Yang Hui , Li Xun , Ma Yingli , Ason Brandon , Liu Suling , Hu Liaoyuan A.
Published: January 2022

The apelin receptor (APLNR) regulates many biological processes including metabolism, angiogenesis, circulating blood volume and cardiovascular function. Additionally, APLNR is overexpressed in various types of cancer and influences cancer progression. APLNR is reported to regulate tumor recognition during immune surveillance by modulating the IFN-γ response. However, the mechanism of APLNR cross-talk with intratumoral IFN-γ signaling remains unknown. Here, we show that activation of APLNR up-regulates IFN-γ signaling in melanoma cells through APLNR mediated β-arrestin 1 but not β-arrestin 2 recruitment. Our data suggests that β-arrestin 1 directly interacts with STAT1 to inhibit STAT1 phosphorylation to attenuate IFN-γ signaling. The APLNR mutant receptor, I109A, which is deficient in β-arrestins recruitment, is unable to enhance intratumoral IFN-γ signaling. While APLNR N112G, a constitutively active mutant receptor, increases intratumoral sensitivity to IFN-γ signaling by enhancing STAT1 phosphorylation upon IFN-γ exposure. We also demonstrate in a co-culture system that APLNR regulates tumor survival rate. Taken together, our findings reveal that APLNR modulates IFN-γ signaling in melanoma cells and suggest that APLNR may be a potential target to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Comprehension of Vernacular Features in Aphasia
Authors: Sandberg Chaleece W. , Blanchette Frances , Lukyanenko Cynthia
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

Insights from linguistic variation research illustrate a linguistically diverse population, in which even speakers who can be classified as speaking a “mainstream” variety have grammatical knowledge of vernacular or “nonmainstream” features. However, there is a gap in our knowledge regarding how vernacular features are comprehended in people with aphasia (PWA). This article presents the results of a pilot study exploring how PWA respond to linguistic stimuli that include the vernacular feature, negative concord (NC), often referred to by the more colloquial term
double negative
(e.g.,
I didn't do nothing
, equivalent to
I didn't do anything
).

Method:

Twelve PWA in the chronic stage of recovery each rated the naturalness and felicity of 48 critical sentences and 64 fillers, all of which contained two clauses, the second clause describing a consequence of the first. Ratings were analyzed using ordinal regression.

Results:

PWA rated NC sentences as unacceptable, but felicitous—a pattern similar to that shown by neurologically intact adults in a previous study.

Conclusions:

These results suggest that PWA are sensitive to both social and linguistic information at levels similar to neurologically intact speakers. These results have implications for the integration of vernacular features into future research, assessment, and treatment protocols for PWA.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19027322
An improved BP neural network‐based calibration method for the capacitive flexible three‐axis tactile sensor array
Authors: Hu Zhikai , Xia Renqiu , Chu Zhongyi
Published: January 2022

Flexible tactile sensing based on capacitive sensing has become a research hotspot in recent years because of its low energy consumption, high performance and wide application prospects. However, the axis error caused by the coupling deformation of the dielectric will seriously affect the accuracy of the sensor. In this paper, a capacitive flexible three‐axis tactile sensor array is modelled and simulated, and a neural network‐based calibrator for the three‐axis sensor array is proposed, which can be used to calibrate the simulated measurement data. The simulation results show that even though the correlation coefficient of linear regression for each axis is very close to 1, the effect of dielectric nonlinear coupling distortion cannot be eliminated. The calibration method based on the neural network can effectively suppress the nonlinear coupling distortion of the dielectric, and reduce the measurement coupling rate of the sensor model from 26% to 1%. At the same time, in order to ensure the measurement accuracy and robustness of different units in the sensor array, the input layer of the calibrator is expanded, and the data set containing capacitance information and two‐dimensional location information is used for training. The experimental results show that the proposed calibration method combining two‐dimensional position information training accurately calibrates the capacitive flexible three‐dimensional tactile sensor array.
Design of a novel wireless information surveillance scheme assisted by reconfigurable intelligent surface
Authors: Ji Taotao , Hua Meng , Li Chunguo , Huang Yongming , Yang Luxi
Published: January 2022

This paper investigates a novel wireless information surveillance scheme assisted by reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) beamforming and artificial noise jamming cooperation, aiming at monitoring the information sent by an access point (AP) to a suspicious illegal user (SIU). It is assumed that the AP adopt the fixed maximum ratio transmission (MRT) precoding scheme, which is not affected by the information monitoring party. The goal of this paper is to maximize the effective information monitoring rate by jointly optimizing the RIS phase shifts, the receive beamforming vector of the legitimate receiver (LR), and the transmit beamforming vector along with jamming power of the jamming antenna (JA). The resultant optimization problem is non‐convex, and its optimization variables are highly coupled in the objective function and constraints. To tackle this difficulty, the optimization variables are optimized under the alternate optimization (AO) framework. Especially, the intractable RIS phase shifts are optimized by using Riemannian manifold optimization (RMO) algorithm under the penalty dual decomposition (PDD) framework and the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique, respectively. Numerical results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms, and also demonstrate the superiority of the designed wireless information surveillance scheme over other benchmark schemes.
Time‐averaged and instantaneous magnetic loss characteristics of different products of electrical steel for frequencies of 16 2/3 Hz up to 500 Hz
Authors: Shilyashki Georgi , Pfützner Helmut , Bengtsson Claes , Huber Emanuel
Published: January 2022

Traditionally, products of electrical SiFe steel are focussed on applications for frequencies of 50–Hz. However, the recent developments of electric drive systems yielded a strong extension of the range from f = 16 2/3 Hz up to ca. 500 Hz. In spite of high industrial relevance, the literature offers the corresponding data on the material’s magnetic energy losses in very rare ways. This paper reports a first comparative, multi‐parametric study on eight different steel products that comprise non‐oriented steels (NO), grain‐oriented steels (GO) and scribed grain‐oriented steels (SGO). Consistently at IEC‐standardized samples, they were analysed for the whole frequency range that was split into low frequency (LF) and medium frequency (MF), with 80 Hz as the border. Data is presented on time‐averaged total losses P, on the corresponding hysteresis losses PH and eddy current losses PE. LF proved to be governed by PH and MF rather by PE, however, with strong variations. Further, instantaneous magnetization power functions p(φ) were determined for basic insights into the involved temporal developments of energy dissipation. GO‐steels yielded profiles close to rectified co‐sinus functions that can be fully attributed to dissipative losses. On the other hand, p(t) of NO‐steels and SGO‐steels prove to include negative segments that reflect potential energy power, in the course of alignments of atomic moments in instants of high induction. Examples of industrial relevance of the accumulated data are steel production technology, product categorization, failure tracing and energy conversion.
Segmentation of lung airways based on deep learning methods
Authors: Tan Wenjun , Liu Pan , Li Xiaoshuo , Xu Shaoxun , Chen Yufei , Yang Jinzhu
Published: January 2022

Precise segmentation of the lung airways is essential for a quantitative assessment of airway diseases. However, because of the complexity of the airway structure and the different thicknesses of the trachea at different positions, it is extremely difficult to segment the fine bronchial structure using chest computed tomography (CT). Traditional lung airway segmentation methods are generally based on the grayscale, geometric shape of the image, or the use of prior knowledge of anatomy. In recent years, deep learning techniques such as fully convolutional neural networks (FCNs) have achieved a great success in the field of image segmentation. Specifically, the symmetric encoder–decoder network represented by U‐Net has achieved high accuracy in many medical image segmentation tasks. In the airway segmentation challenge task of the 4th International Symposium on Image Computing and Digital Medicine (ISICDM 2020), 9 of the 12 teams participating in the final round used the U‐Net network or one of its other forms, obtaining good results for lung airway segmentation. Methods used to improve the segmentation accuracy include attention mechanisms and multiscale feature information fusion. This article provides a detailed description of the methods used by these 12 teams and analyses their results.
Modulation of a semi dual‐active‐bridge resonant converter with soft‐switching and zero backflow power
Authors: Zhou Sheng‐Zhi , Li Xiaodong , Wang Haiying , Huang Pu
Published: January 2022

In this paper, two phase‐shift angles plus switching frequency are modulated to control a semi dual‐active‐bridge resonant converter. The full operation map with distinctive steady‐state modes under the multi‐dimensional control is constructed at first. Based on the characteristics of the analysis results, a modulation strategy with zero backflow power is proposed to depress conduction loss, which is able to maintain full soft‐switching operation as well. Extensive validation through experimental test on a 500 W lab prototype converter have been done successfully. Improvement of conversion efficiency can be confirmed by means of comparisons with previous works.
Astrophysical parameters from Gaia DR2, 2MASS, and AllWISE
Authors: Fouesneau M. , Andrae R. , Dharmawardena T. , Rybizki J. , Bailer-Jones C. A. L. , Demleitner M.
Published: January 2022

Context. Physical and dynamical stellar properties are essential knowledge for understanding the structure, formation, and evolution of our Galaxy.

Aims. We produced a uniformly derived all-sky catalog of stellar astrophysical parameters (APs; age, mass, temperature, bolometric luminosity, distance, and dust extinction) to provide insight into the physical properties of Milky Way stars.

Methods. Exploiting the power of multiwavelength and multi-survey observations from Gaia DR2 parallaxes and integrated photometry along with 2MASS and AllWISE photometry, we introduce a uniformly derived all-sky catalog of stellar APs, including dust extinction (A0) average grain size (R0) along the line of sight, for 123 076 271 stars. In contrast with previous works, we do not use a Galactic model as a prior in our analysis.

Results. We validate our results against other work in the literature (e.g., benchmark stars, interferometry, Bayestar, and StarHorse). The limited optical information in the Gaia photometric bands or the lack of ultraviolet or spectroscopic information renders the chemistry inference prior-dominated. We demonstrate that Gaia parallaxes bring sufficient leverage to explore the detailed structures of the interstellar medium in our Milky Way.

Conclusions. In Gaia DR3, we will obtain the dispersed optical light information that will help us break through some limitations of this analysis, allowing us to infer stellar chemistry in particular. Gaia promises us data that we can use to construct the most detailed view of the chemo-dynamics of field star populations in our Galaxy.
Defects analysis of the ultra-thick steel pipes using a mixed explicit–implicit FEM
Authors: Jiang Yong-Zheng , Hu Ya-Fan , Fu Zhi-Gang , Zhu Sheng-Shuo
Published: January 2022

The ultra-thick wall steel pipes are very likely to have quality defects in stretch-reduction hot rolling process, and it is preferred to study these defects by simulation methods. However, traditional FEM often has the problems of convergency difficulty and time consuming for solving complex large deformation problems. Therefore, in this study, a mixed explicit-implicit FEM, was adopted for solving the thermo-mechanical coupled process of the stretch-reduction hot rolling. Multidimensional heat transfer as well as mechanical boundary conditions were acted simultaneously, and the accuracy of the model was validated by industrial experiments. Results showed that the simulation results are very consistent with the actual rolling results. Three typical rolling defects were accurately predicted, i.e., inner hexagon, thickened ends and linear mark. Besides, it is discovered that the uneven distributions of stress, strain and temperature are important causes for the rolling defects, and these influences are also presented and discussed. This paper presents an efficient and precise numerical modelling method so as to provide theoretical guidance for the production of ultra-thick wall pipes.
Titanium-nanohydroxyapatite composites produced by ball milling and sintering: wettability, bioactivity and toxicity studies
Authors: Krishna Emani Siva , Suresh Gamini
Published: January 2022

In the present work, nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) was used as dispersing phase to develop Ti based composites. The mixture of powders with 5% and 10% HA and remaining being Ti were ball milled for 20 h. The ball milled powders were characterized by X-Ray diffraction analysis, electron microscopy. The powders were then sintered at 850 °C in vacuum. Higher surface energies were observed for the composites compared with medical grade purer Ti calculated from the water contact angles. This can be attributed to the smaller grain size and the presence of nano-HA in the composites. Immersion studies carried out in simulated body fluid for 4 weeks demonstrated excellent bioactivity for the composite as reflected from the higher mineral deposition from the SBF. This can be explained by considering the effect of higher wettability and added nano-HA in the composites. All the samples were found to be nontoxic against 3T3 cells as observed from the cytotoxicity test using MTT assay. Hence, from the results, it can be understood that bioactive Ti-HA composites can be produced from ball milling and sintering which exhibit excellent bioactivity to promote higher healing rate.
Cell-in-cell: an Emerging Player in COVID-19 and Immune Disorders
Authors: Sun Qiang , Chen Wei
Published: January 2022

Cell-in-cell is a unique phenomenon mostly documented in human cancer tissues. A recent study demonstrated that cell-in-cell might promote lymphopenia by internalizing and killing immune cells in COVID-19, which implicates cell-in-cell as an emerging player in a broader spectrum of pathological processes, such as immune dysregulation.
Unexpected Fast Photochemistry Emerges in Cool Seasons China
Authors: Lu Keding , Wang Hongli , Liu Yanhui , Chen Xiaorui , Gao Yaqin , Qiu Wanyi , Jing Shengao , Wang Qian , Lou Shengrong , Edwards Peter M. , Huang Cheng
Published: January 2022

Ozone is a crucial air pollutant that damages human health and vegetation. As it is formed by the sunlit oxidation of the nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds, the current ozone mitigation strategies are primarily focused on summer. By analysing ozone pollution episodes in eastern China, observed daily total oxidants accumulation in cool seasons (spring and autumn: 60 ppb and winter 40 ppb) is comparable to that measured in summer (60 ppb) indicating fast photochemical production of secondary pollutants including ozone over the year. Unrecognized fast radical primary productions is found to counteract the increased termination of hydroxyl radical and dis-benefit meteorological conditions to maintain the rapid total oxidant formations in cool seasons. Elucidating and regulate the primary radical sources may be critical for the secondary air pollution control in cool seasons.