bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Marginal and Complete Protein Deficiency for Varying Periods during Reproduction on Growth, Third-Molar Eruption, and Dental Caries in Rats
Authors: Shaw James H.
Published: November 2010

Marginal protein deficiency in female rats during pregnancy and lactation resulted in reduced weaning weights, delayed eruption and abnormal cuspal patterns of the third molars, and increased dental caries incidence in offspring. Complete protein deficiency during five-day intervals in lactation caused reduced weaning weights and delayed third-molar eruption, which increased when the protein deficiency was late in lactation.
Study of Some Factors Contributing to Aerosol Production by the Air-Turbine Handpiece
Authors: Madden Richard M. , Hausler William J. , Leaverton Paul E.
Published: November 2010

Assay of the dental aerosol cloud generated during tooth-cutting procedures revealed that 95% of the colloidal cloud particles are capable of reaching the alveoli of the lung and may represent a serious health hazard.
Topical Antibiotic Treatment of Infected Dental Pulps of Monkeys
Authors: Baker G. Richard , Mitchell David F.
Published: November 2010

The pulps of permanent teeth of monkeys were surgically exposed and left open to the oral environment. One half the pulps were treated with an antibiotic preparation and one half with a starch control. The pulps were evaluated microscopically at the end of 30 and 90 days. The results for the antibiotic-treated teeth were more favorable than were those for the starch-control teeth.
Clinical Studies of Dental Cements: II. Further Investigation of Two Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cements for Temporary Restorations
Authors: Gilson T.D. , Myers G.E.
Published: November 2010

Two zinc oxide-eugenol cements of compressive strengths of 2,200 psi and 3,500 psi, selected in a previous study, were compared in a blind clinical study for suitability as a cementing material for temporary restorations. No difference was detectable clinically between the two cements in relation to retentive quality, taste, removal of the restoration when required, and cleaning the dentin.
Bone-Remodeling Dynamics Following Local X Irradiation: I
Authors: Bures M.F. , Wuehrmann A.H.
Published: November 2010

A tetracycline labeling method was used for demonstration of bone-remodeling changes in both tibias following unilateral local X irradiation of the mandible and tibia. A 5-mm diameter X-ray beam was used. Direct effects of 4,500 and 9,000 R exposures of two different radiation qualities were evaluated quantitatively. An assessment of the abscopal effect was also made.
Quantitation of Enamel Demineralization Mechanisms: III. A Critical Examination of the Hydroxyapatite Model
Authors: Higuchi William I. , Mir Nasim A. , Patel Prafull R. , Becker John W. , Hefferren John J.
Published: November 2010

A physical model which assumes that hydroxyapatite is the thermodynamic governing phase for the acid dissolution-rate behavior of enamel has been critically examined theoretically and experimentally. Both enamel powder and synthetic hydroxyapatite initial dissolution-rate experiments were conducted under various conditions of acid-buffer type and concentration, pH, and common ion concentrations.
Comparative Evaluation of the Analgesic Properties of a New Drug and Codeine
Authors: Allen G.D. , Freedman G.L. , Funk E.C.
Published: November 2010

A clinical study was made of the analgesic effectiveness of a new drug, Flucarbril (100 mg), and its statistical comparison to codeine (30 mg). Neither drug when used alone in the doses indicated was found useful for the relief of pain after the surgical removal of impacted third molars.
Gingival Vascular Response to Anticipated and Actual Punctate Stimulation
Authors: Zelechowski K. , Giddon D.B. , Clark R.E.
Published: November 2010

The effect of punctate stimulation was evaluated as part of an experimental study of the vascular response of the human gingiva to various stimuli. Bilateral vascular responses were determined by changes in the amplitude of the blood volume pulse ( BVP) of the gingival papillae between the maxillary lateral incisor and canines. Punctate stimulation produced an immediate large increase in the average amplitude of BVP of the stimulated side. This was followed by a hyperbolic decrease in the amplitude of BVP which returned to prestimulus level in approximately 5.0 minutes ( BVP=9,750 T -1.1,437 +80, where BVP is a percentage of the maximal basal BVP amplitude and T is time in seconds). Apparent vasoconstriction of the gingiva was noted bilaterally in anticipation of unilateral punctate stimulation.
Psychologic Stress in a Video-Simulated Dental Restoration
Authors: Corah Norman L.
Published: November 2010

Psychologic stress was studied in relation to several variables: instructional set, sex, dental anxiety, and order of presentation of stressful and nonstressful stimuli. Verbal and autonomic measures were obtained from 64 subjects. Order of presentation had an important effect on autonomic response. Dental anxiety was clearly related to verbal evaluation but not to autonomic response.
Effect of Some Contraceptive Steroids on Growth and Development of Salivary Glands and Incidence of Dental Caries in Female Rats
Authors: Liu Frank T.Y. , Lin Hsien S.
Published: November 2010

Synthetic contraceptive steroids, ethynylestradiol and medroxyprogesterone acetate, were given individually in different doses to weanling female rats for eight weeks. In proportion to the doses administered, ethynylestradiol inhibited and medroxyprogesterone acetate stimulated the growth and development of the salivary glands. The steroid-treated rats exhibited an increase in dental caries incidence as compared to controls.
Electron Microscopy of the Calciotraumatic Response in Rat Incisor Dentin and Bone to Parenteral and Oral Administration of Tetracycline
Authors: Antalovská Z. , Melková V. , Smutna V.
Published: November 2010

The submicroscopic structure of the calciotraumatic response to tetracycline was studied in the dentin, mandible, and femur of 14 young rats. In the dentin, the shape of the tubules became irregular, and the intertubular substance appeared spongy. Incomplete mineralization occurred within the growth zones of the mandible and femur. The severity of the response depended on the quantity of tetracycline bound in the calcifying tissue.
Growth of the Zygomaticomaxillary Suture in Pigs After Sectioning the Zygomatic Arch
Authors: Zoller Ramon M. , Laskin Daniel M.
Published: November 2010

Isolation of the zygomaticomaxillary suture from the remainder of the growing skull by surgically sectioning the zygomatic arch and interfering with the regional muscle and fascial attachments produced growth reductions ranging from 30.9% to 87.5%. This indicated that the suture is an area of compensation rather than of primary growth initiation.
The Epithelium-Connective Tissue Interface During Closure of the Secondary Palate in Rodent Embryos
Authors: Farbman Albert I.
Published: November 2010

The palatine process epitheliums of rat and mouse embyros were studied in various stages of fusion to determine the origin of cell death in the fusion line, and the amount of adhesion opposing palatine processes.
The Epithelial-Connective Tissue Junction as Seen after Enzymatic Digestion
Authors: Quigley Mervyn B.
Published: November 2010

Fixed decalcified paraffin-embedded sections were incubated with bacterial collagenase alone, or with calcium chloride or sodium citrate added. The soft tissue collagens were not digested by collagenase or by collagenase and citrate, although the latter prevented the surface epithelium from staining. The results of the various technics were compared and attempts were made to measure the epithelial-connective tissue junction.
The Effect of Alterations in External Environment on the Dentogingival Junction
Authors: Stallard R.E. , Awwa I.A.
Published: November 2010

The effectiveness of the dentogingival junction as a barrier between the oral environment and the periodontal connective tissues was studied in squirrel monkeys. Results indicated that altering the concentration of hyaluronidase and collagenase within the dental plaque can produce a detrimental effect on the integrity of this barrier.
The Ultrastructural Interface of Bone Crystals and Organic Matrix in Woven and Lamellar Endochondral Bone
Authors: Bernard George W.
Published: November 2010

Endochondral bone consists of three calcified regions: calcified cartilage, woven bone, and lamellar bone. Woven or immature bone begins when osteoblastic extrusions or buds calcify; from initial calcification loci, bone crystals grow radially to form spheroidal bone nodules. Nodules eventually coalesce into bone seams. Lamellar bone develops as a sequel to the calcification of cartilage or woven bone. Hydroxyapatite grows into lamellar bone and then is oriented parallel to collagen. Except for the stage of cartilage calcification, intramembranous and endochondral osteogenesis are similar.
Antimicrobial Control of Bacterial Plaque and Calculus and the Effects of these Agents on Oral Flora
Authors: Volpe A.R. , Kupczak L.J. , Brant J.H. , King W.J. , Kestenbaum R.C. , Schlissel H.J.
Published: November 2010

An in vivo clinical program investigated the relationship among oral microorganisms, bacterial plaque, and calculus formation. Benzethonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, and Vancomycin provided a moderate reduction in bacterial plaque accumulation (30 to 35%). Hexachlorophene was relatively ineffective. One antibiotic, CC 10232, consistently furnished substantial reductions in plaque formation (70 to 77%) and calculus formation (75%). Only Vancomycin significantly reduced the gram-positive population. None of the antimicrobial agents caused changes in the staphylococcal or yeast populations.
Protein Synthesis, Microsomes, and Polyribosomes in Oral Tissues
Authors: Nelson Richard C. , Jeffay Henry
Published: November 2010

The mechanism of protein synthesis was studied in rabbit oral tissue microsomes and bovine gingiva polyribosomes. The cell supernatant or the pH 5 fraction which contained the amino acid activation system and an energy source were required for amino acid incorporation. Ribonuclease and puromycin inhibited amino acid incorporation. Protein synthesis occurred at a high rate.
Effect of Compaction Technic and Mercury:Alloy Ratio on the Adaptation of Spherical Alloy Dental Amalgam
Authors: Azar Emile S. , Gardner Kirk D. , Hodson Jean T. , Stibbs Gerald D.
Published: November 2010

Six different ratios of mercury to alloy were evaluated for a spherical alloy dental amalgam by hand and pneumatic compaction into a test cavity with an internal line angle of 30°. Measurements of the area of discrepancy between amalgam and wall of the cavity in 240 specimens showed that varying the amount of mercury in 1% increments between 48 and 52% compositions did not introduce significant changes in adaptation for either of the two compaction technics.
Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cements: I. The Effect of Atmospheric Conditions on Rheological Properties
Authors: Batchelor Reginald F. , Wilson Alan D.
Published: November 2010

The effect of humidity and temperature during mixing on rheological and setting properties of a number of brands of zinc oxide-eugenol cements has been measured and has been shown to vary among brands. The influence of humidity is discussed in terms of the setting reactions.
Localization of Tetracycline in Rat Parotid and Sublingual Glands
Authors: Engel Milton B.
Published: November 2010

Tetracycline injected intravenously in rats is immediately concentrated in the parotid and sublingual glands. By use of fluorescence microscopy, the antibiotic can be visualized in acinar and duct cells, and in duct lumens. The fluorophore is largely eliminated from the glands within 24 hours.
Levan Formation by Odontomyces viscosus
Authors: Krichevsky M.I. , Howell A. , Lim S.
Published: November 2010

The authors present some physiological parameters involved in levan formation by Odontomyces viscosus, a filamentous organism in gingival plaque of the hamster.
Effect of Progesterone on Growth and Development of Submandibular Glands in Female Rats
Authors: Liu Frank T.Y. , Lin Hsien S.
Published: November 2010

Progesterone in daily doses of 0.6 mg or 1.5 mg/100 gm body weight was given subcutaneously to weanling female rats for ten weeks. Controls were treated similarly with a vehicle. At the low dose level, progesterone did not affect body and gland growth in comparison to the controls. However, at the high dose level, progesterone stimulated the body growth and the growth and development of submandibular glands.
Effects of Low Level X Radiation on the Mitotic Index of Hamster Basal Epithelial Cells In Vivo
Authors: Lurie Alan
Published: November 2010

Chinese hamster cheek pouches were ex posed to low doses of X radiation and to two doses of a metaphase arrester, vinblastine sulfate, in separate experiments. There was no significant decrease in the mitotic indexes of the irradiated animals. The higher vinblastine dose proved to be significantly more effective in causing metaphase arrest.
Calorimetric Analysis of Commercial and Dental Waxes
Authors: Powers J.M. , Craig R.G. , Peyton F.A.
Published: November 2010

Calorimetric analysis was used to determine heats of transition and fusion of waxes between 0 and 100 C. In general, hydrocarbon waxes had higher total heats of transition than did ester waxes. Calorimetric measurements on binary mixtures showed that carnauba and beeswax interacted with paraffin, the former having the greater effect.
Animal Calculus: Methods of Evaluation and of Dietary Production and Control
Authors: Francis Marion D. , Briner William W.
Published: November 2010

Twenty-five diets were studied in a search for one that would induce an assessable, reproducible level of calculus in rodents. A diet consisting of 50% cornstarch, 32% non-fat dry milk, 3% liver powder, 5% celluflour, 1% cottonseed oil, 5% powdered sucrose, 1% calcium chloride dihydrate, 2.7% sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate, and 0.3% magnesium sulfate is suggested for future investigations of anti-calculus agents in rats.
Skeletal Retention and Anticariogenic Efficacy of Fluoride when Administered in the Presence of a Prenatal Vitamin-Mineral Supplement
Authors: Stookey George K. , Hennon David K. , Muhler Joseph C.
Published: November 2010

Two studies were conducted in rats to investigate fluoride retention from a prenatal supplement and the influence of NaF and NaSn2F5 in prenatal supplements on dental caries. Fluoride retention, provided as NaF, was decreased by 38.2%. Prenatal NaSn2F5 reduced the incidence of dental caries by 80%.
Demineralization Studies of Fluoride-Treated Enamel Using Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Hoffman Seymour , Rovelstad Gordon , McEwan William S. , Drew Charles M.
Published: November 2010

Enamel was treated with topical stannous fluoride and demineralized with an acetate buffer for varying periods. A scanning electron microscope comparison of the surface alterations revealed that stannous fluoride inhibited surface alterations when challenged by the acid. Evidence suggested that fluoride plays a role in the remineralization of repair of slightly etched enamel surfaces.
Detailed Electron Probe Microanalysis of Three Teeth Sections with Early Enamel Caries
Authors: Besic F.C. , Knowles C.R. , Keller O. , Wiemann M.R.
Published: November 2010

A detailed electron microprobe analysis of Ca, P, Na, Cl, and Mg in three early carious lesions is compared with data of these elements found in noncarious enamel of the same three specimens.
Fatty Acids in the Tooth Lipids of 16 Animal Species
Authors: Das Saul K. , Harris Robert S.
Published: November 2010

Lipids and fatty acids were extracted from the teeth of 16 animal species and were characterized by thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography. The types of lipids and fatty acids in the various teeth were similar, but the amounts were different. The major lipids were glycerides, cholesterol, cholesterol esters, and phospholipids; the major fatty acids were palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids. Trace amounts of many other lipids and fatty acids were present.
X-Ray Diffraction Study of the Reaction Between Enamel and a SnF2-ZrSiO 4 Prophylactic Paste
Authors: Katz Simon , Beck Carl W. , Muhler Joseph C. , Stookey George K.
Published: November 2010

This paper presents X-ray diffraction data obtained from enamel samples treated with a prophylactic paste containing SnF2-ZrSiO4. The application of this paste by use of a revolving rubber cup resulted in a closer packing of the apatite constituents and a better crystallinity of the apatite crystals.
Dental Silicate Cements: X. The Precipitation Reaction
Authors: Wilson Alan D. , Kent Brian E.
Published: November 2010

The precipitation of ions during the setting and hardening of cements has been studied by extraction of soluble materials at different stages during the aging process, followed by chemical analysis. Cement formation arises from precipitation of aluminum, zinc, and calcium phosphates in conjunction with a siliceous gel phase.
Physical Model for Plaque Action in the Tooth-Plaque-Saliva System
Authors: Higuchi William I. , Young Fudah , Lastra Jesus L. , Koulourides Theodore
Published: November 2010

A physical model describing the interrelationships of demineralization, remineralization, plaque thickness, glucose levels, and plaque enzymatic activity was presented. Selection of constants and variations of the parameters were kept in the range of possible in vivo situations. The results of calculations were discussed and correlated with the results of in vivo studies.
Dental Silicate Cements: XI. Electron Probe Studies
Authors: Kent Brian E. , Fletcher Kenneth E. , Wilson Alan D.
Published: November 2010

Electron probe studies on polished sections of dental silicate cement show that it consists of well-defined particles embedded in a phosphate matrix. The matrix contains phosphorus, aluminum, and calcium but no silicon. The calcium and aluminum originate from the particle surface, which becomes an aluminosilica gel, whereas the phosphorus is derived from the cement liquid.
Tissue Conditioners: II. Rheologic Properties
Authors: Braden Michael
Published: November 2010

The rheology of proprietary and experimental tissue conditioners was studied. Viscoelastic properties were examined to evaluate the role of ethanol in the liquid component and the effect of temperature. Experimental materials were prepared that corresponded closely to the proprietary materials in their viscoelastic properties.
Accelerated and Retarded Dental Plaster Setting Investigated by X-Ray Diffraction
Authors: Harcourt J.K. , Lautenschlager E.P.
Published: November 2010

Continuous monitoring of calcium sulfate hemihydrate and dihydrate X-ray diffraction peaks was done to determine the kinetics of gypsum-product formation during the setting of plaster mixtures containing various concentrations of accelerators and retarders. Amounts of product formation were then correlated to Gillmore setting times and to compressive strengths.
Effect of Extraneous Particulate Matter on Airborne Bacteria
Authors: Shreve W.B. , Wachtel L.W.
Published: November 2010

Factors that alter concentrations of airborne microorganisms were studied by aerosolizing Bacillus subtilis spores into a dustfree and bacteriafree room. Air sampling showed that the fallout rate of 32%/hour for spores alone increased 2-fold with the addition of calcium phosphate powder and 1.6-fold with hairspray solids.
Experimental Factors Influencing Variability of the Number of Streptococci Cultured from Tooth Surface
Authors: Handelman S.L. , Helfman M. , Mills J.R.
Published: November 2010

Components of variability that are related to estimating viable tooth surface streptococci were evaluated to assess the effect of real factors and to reduce residual error. Methods of dispersion (mechanical mixing vs ultrasonic agitation), plate count replication, sample site, weighing technic, balance error, and total experimental variability were considered.
Autoradiographic Evaluation of Gingival Response to Injury: IV. Surgical Trauma in Low-Protein-Fed Young Adult Rats
Authors: Stahl S.S. , Tonna E.A.
Published: November 2010

Low-protein-fed rats demonstrated lower levels of proliferative activity in non-injured periodontal tissues than was noted in ad-libitum-fed or pair-fed rats. Gingival wounding resulted in tissue compensation, at the site of injury, for the reduction in proliferative activity present in low-protein-fed young adult rats.
Thermal Properties of Teeth
Authors: Brown W.S. , Dewey W.A. , Jacobs H.R.
Published: November 2010

Recent measurements of the density and specific heat of teeth, as well as values of thermal di ff usivity based on thermal conductivity measurements, are reported. The values obtained for thermal di~usivity were within 10% (for enamel) and 25% (for dentin) of values previously reported in the literature.
Copper and Manganese in Saliva of Children
Authors: Green Irving
Published: November 2010

A study was made of the relationship between copper and manganese in saliva and the number of decayed tooth surfaces in children. The results indicated that there is a positive correlation between the copper in saliva and the number of carious lesions. The manganese in saliva was independent of the amount of decay.
Effect of Low Level X Radiation on the Antigenicity of Escherichia coli
Authors: Longhurst Gerald E. , Goldner M. , Clark G.M.C. , Poyton H.G.
Published: November 2010

The biologic effects of low level X radiation (10 to 1,000 rads) were investigated by studying alterations in antigenicity of Escherichia coli. Antigen-antibody reactions were studied by immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis to measure subtle changes to the radiation. A gradual change was observed in antigen-antibody patterns through the various levels of radiation.
Crystalline Dimethacrylate Monomers
Authors: Bowen R.L.
Published: November 2010

Certain dimethacrylate monomers can be prepared and purified by recrystallization. On mixing, the crystals liquefy by forming a ternary eutectic. The colorless oily liquid is suitable for use in composite formulations.
In Vitro Studies of Cellular Responses to Heat and Vibration in Cavity Preparation
Authors: Kawahara Haruyuki , Yamagami Akiyoshi
Published: November 2010

Fibroblasts in tissue culture responded to heat and vibration induced by dental drilling at varying speeds. The in vitro findings suggest that pulpal responses are more likely caused by severance of odontoblastic processes than by the factors studied.
Study of Microscopic Degradation in Teeth
Authors: Despain R.R. , Devries K.L. , Luntz R.D. , Williams M.L.
Published: November 2010

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is an effective tool for investigating molecular processes involved in tooth degradation. This technic was used to investigate organic destruction due to microbial invasion, X-ray exposure, and grinding.
New Thesis on the Development of Erosion and Dental Caries
Authors: Gabrovsek John
Published: November 2010

In vitro decalcification of human enamel was induced with a suspension of dog leukocytes and corn starch in plasma under sterile conditions. In controls without leukocytes decalcification did not occur. Enamel was protected against decalcification in the presence of leukocytes under these conditions by addition of sodium fluoride.
Radiophosphorus Metabolism of Different Phosphate Compounds in Experimental Animals
Authors: Mcdonald James L. , Stookey George K. , Muhler Joseph C.
Published: November 2010

Radiophosphorus studies were conducted in rats and hamsters to investigate the metabolic activity of various inorganic phosphates. Significant differences were observed in the metabolic availability and use of phosphate provided as various inorganic salts; the greatest metabolic activity was observed with NaH2PO 4 and the least with most calcium salts.
Accumulation of Labeled Zinc, Strontium, and Calcium in Bone Injuries
Authors: Calhoun Noah R. , Campbell Samuel , Smith J. Cecil
Published: November 2010

A significantly increased uptake of 65Zn administered intravenously was detected in healing bones of rats compared with control rats. The parameters used for measuring osteogenesis included: histologic examination, radiographic studies, and Ca 45 uptake in bone. The accumulation of 65Zn appeared to be correlated with bone formation. The data suggest a mobilization of zinc to the site of bone repair.
Prenatal Observations on the Incisive Fissure and the Frontal Process in Man
Authors: Wood Norman K. , Wragg L.E. , Stuteville O.H. , Kaminski E.J.
Published: November 2010

Study of 172 embryos revealed that the incisive fissure is not a true suture. The fate of this fissure is described.
Fracture of Dental Amalgam: Scanning Electron Microscope Study
Authors: Sutfin L.V. , Ogilvie R.E.
Published: November 2010

Stereographic scanning electron micrographs of the fracture surfaces of amalgam beams that were broken by bending, and of the surfaces of polished and etched specimens of both fine cut and spherical particle alloys, did not reveal discrete grain boundary segregations. However, evidence of micro-plastic deformation and intragranular inhomogeneities was found.
Effects of Low Kilovoltage X Rays on Cultured Human Peripheral Leukocytes
Authors: Ciola Benjamin
Published: November 2010

Cultured human peripheral leukocytes were irradiated with a beryllium window therapy machine. The data were subjected to an analysis of variance to determine if differences existed between amounts of exposure and time of exposure in the 72 hour culture period. Additionally, the analysis was designed to determine if interactions existed between amount of exposure and time of exposure. A statistically significant linear trend of total aberrations was observed with increasing amounts of radiation at the 0.01 level. Time of irradiation had no effect on the total abberrations.
Determination of Tin in Enamel and Dentin by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Pearlman R.S. , Hefferren J.J. , Lyon H.W.
Published: November 2010

The determination of tin by atomic absorption spectroscopy was developed to such a degree that it could be applied to the analysis of tin in dental tissues at the 1 ppm level. This development involved the elimination of the interference due to calcium and its phosphates and the improvement of operating conditions to maximize sensitivity. By use of this method, tin was determined in untreated and stannous fluoride-treated powdered and intact enamel and dentin.
Relationship Between Smoking and Calculus Deposition
Authors: Kowalski Charles J.
Published: November 2010

The chi-square test for association in contingency tables is often used to analyze data gathered during the course of dental/oral experimentation. A simple procedure that makes such analyses more useful is described, and the method is applied in a study of the relationship between smoking and calculus deposition.
An Adhesive Dental Restorative Material
Authors: Lee Henry L. , Cupples Arthur L. , Schubert Ronald J. , Swartz Michael L.
Published: November 2010

Development of elastomeric polyurethane resins for use as adhesive liners under composite restorative materials is reviewed. The elastic nature of these adhesive films appears to provide a marginal seal despite dimensional changes of the restorative material. Adhesive strengths of 1,500 psi to enamel have been maintained after thermal cycling and after storage for one year in water.
Clinical Studies on a Cold-Curing Dental Resin with a Tri-n-Butylborane Catalyst
Authors: Sanjo Daisuke
Published: November 2010

A cold-curing dental resin with a tri-n-butylborane catalyst, which has a chemical adhesiveness to dentin, was studied histologically in 15 human teeth and tested clinically in 184 teeth. The effect on the pulp was slight, and clinical adhesiveness to the teeth was excellent.
Stoichiometric Composition of Whitlockite
Authors: Wallace Betty M. , Brown Walter E.
Published: November 2010

The mineral whitlockite has been described as having CalP ratios of 3:2 and 10:7. This study used the pyrolytic formation of pyrophosphate and whitlockite from calcium orthophosphates and their mixtures with CaCO3 to determine this Ca/ P ratio. Its mean value of 1.506 ± 0.015 indicated a formula of Ca3(PO 4)2.
Analytic Procedures for Determination of Silver, Tin, Mercury, Copper, and Zinc in Dental Amalgams
Authors: Kendall Thomas A. , Sohl Glenda H. , Mateer Richard S.
Published: November 2010

Previous analytic procedures for dental amalgam alloys were simplified and improved in accuracy. Qualitative analysis was conducted by X-ray spectroscopy. Hg was determined quantitatively by weight loss in flowing argon distillation; Sn by gravimetric SnO2 and Ag as AgCl; Cu by weight gain on electrolysis; and Zn by gravimetric determination as ZnO.
Analysis of the Changes in Maxillary Dental Arch Dimensions Between Anglo-Saxon and Modern Times
Authors: Lavelle C.L.B. , Flinn R.M. , Lunt D.A.
Published: November 2010

Maxillary dental arch dimensions were measured in skulls from Anglo-Saxons, and 16th to 18th century Londoners, 18th century Glasgow skulls, and in skulls of modern Britons from the West Midlands. The data were analyzed by principal coordinate analysis, and the results showed that the skulls from 16th to 18th century London and 18th century Glasgow populations were similar in respect of arch dimensions, but were dissimilar to both Anglo-Saxon and modern West Midland populations.
Revascularization of the Periodontium After Tooth Grafting in Monkeys
Authors: Castelli Walter A. , Nasjleti Carlos E. , Huelke Donald F. , Diaz-Perez Rodrigo
Published: November 2010

In replanted and homo transplanted teeth a vascular network developed in the blood clot between the two parts of the torn periodontium, which allowed the grafted ligament to regain its vascularity. When dentoalveolar ankylosis developed, the periodontal vasculature was split into a number of vascular clusters. In homotransplants, a definite cellular immunologic response by the host was absent. An acrylic radicular obturator was used.
Experimental Stress Analysis of Fixed Partial Dentures by Use of a Dynamic Method
Authors: Tillitson E.W. , Craig R.G. , Peyton F.A.
Published: November 2010

Using a model system replicating the size of a fixed partial denture, stress and strain analyses were made of chromium-nickel and gold alloy restorations.
Effect of Amobarbital on Oxygen Consumption in Bovine Dental Pulp
Authors: McKercher Theodore C. , Fisher Alton K.
Published: November 2010

Respiratory inhibition by amobarbital, and by the combined action of amobarbital and cyanide, was measured in bovine dental pulp slices. The oxygen consumption rate was depressed by approximately 85% under both conditions, and it is believed that this represents almost the entire portion devoted to respiratory processes. Since a prior study showed that approximately 59% of pulpal oxygen consumption was used in cyanide-sensitive respiration, it is concluded that approximately 26% is consumed in cyanide-stable respiration. A significant portion of the remaining 15% may be involved in the hydroxylation of proline necessary for collagen synthesis in dentinogenesis.
Infrared Spectroscopy of Dentifrice Polishing Agents
Authors: De Freitas J.F.
Published: November 2010

The infrared spectra of 15 dentifrice polishing agents were investigated and found to have individual characteristics for certain identification. Representative materials all exhibited a conformity to Beer's law, thus enhancing the application of quantitative techniques. Three procedures were investigated and the results indicated a usefulness for general analytic and specification purposes.
Studies on Dental Aerobiology: II. Microbial Splatter Discharged from the Oral Cavity of Dental Patients
Authors: Miller Robert L. , Micik Rudolph E. , Abel Cabot , Ryge Gunnar
Published: November 2010

The distribution and bacterial content of splatter particles emanating from a patient's mouth during dental procedures was studied in a controlled environment operatory. Levels of contamination far exceeding those produced by common oral activities were observed. Suction and preoperative oral hygiene procedures are not effective in reducing contamination from bacterial splatters, and the modification of certain procedures and the use of protective shields or glasses is advised.
Analysis of Heart Rate in Dogs During Retraction and Impression Procedures
Authors: Goldberg Albert T. , Yoder John L. , Thayer Keith E.
Published: November 2010

This study recorded heart rates of fasting and nonfasting dogs that had gingival sulci packed with 8% epinephrine-impregnated retraction cords followed by impressions with elastic impression material. No significant increase in heart rate was observed in the retraction and impression procedures.
Influence of Gold Plating of Stainless Steel Pins on the Tensile Strength of Dental Amalgam
Authors: Bapna M.S. , Lugassy A.A.
Published: November 2010

Neither gold plating of stainless steel pins nor mercury wetting of gold-plated stainless steel pins caused an increase in tensile strength of amalgam that was significantly higher than that caused by plain stainless steel pins in amalgam.
Frequency of Enamel Lamellae in Molars of Rats on Coarse and Fine Particle Diets
Authors: Will P.D. , River J.D. , Rosen S.
Published: November 2010

An experiment was designed to compare microfractures (lamellae) in the enamel of rats fed either a coarse- or fine-particle diet. The differences observed between these two groups, as determined by an arbitrary scoring method, were not statistically significant.
Chlorpromazine as a Possible Local Anesthetic in Dentistry
Authors: Bowles W.H.
Published: November 2010

The tranquilizer chlorpromazine has been shown to be a potent local anesthetic. In this study chlorpromazine was injected into the mandibular gingiva of dogs to study possible irritating effects on the oral tissue. Results showed no evidence of irritation. Chlorpromazine may be useful as a local anesthetic in dentistry.
Amine Accelerators for Methacrylate Resin Systems
Authors: Bowen R.L. , Argentar H.
Published: November 2010

Tertiary aromatic amines were synthesized with various nitrogen and ring substituents. They were compared with commercial homologues using composites based on dimethacrylate monomer formulations containing benzoyl peroxide. Equimolar amounts of the different amines were the only variables. Although accelerating ability was a function of both ring and nitrogen substitution, color stability was influenced more by the substituents on the ring than by the substituents on the nitrogen
Relating Reactions in Silver-Mercury and Tin-Mercury to Properties of Amalgam Alloys
Authors: Suprinick H.
Published: November 2010

Dental amalgam alloys contain silver and tin as major components. In this study, diffusion couples were used to examine the reaction of silver and tin with mercury. The results are compared with respective binary alloy systems and are extended to an analysis of the structures and properties developed in triturated and condensed certified alloys.
In Vitro Studies of the Calculus-Inhibiting Properties of Tooth Surface Polishing Agents and Chelating Agents
Authors: Barnes George P. , Stookey George K. , Muhler Joseph C.
Published: November 2010

A series of in vitro studies was conducted to determine the effects of flour of pumice, magnesium silicate-zirconium silicate, and zirconium silicate on the deposition of calculuslike material on bovine enamel sections or human dentin-cementum sections. Flour of pumice used as a "prophylaxis type" agent did not have any effect on the deposition of calculuslike material. Zirconium silicate used as a prophylactic agent on bovine enamel reduced in vitro calculus formation by 32.0 to 38.0%. Daily rinses with a 5.0% aqueous solution of an amidopolyphosphate reduced calculus formation significantly on bovine enamel by 57.0 to 68.2% when compared with nontreated enamel sections.
Contribution of Meckel's Cartilage to Ossification of the Mandible in Mice
Authors: Frommer Jack , Margolies Michael R.
Published: November 2010

The role of Meckel's cartilage in prenatal and neonatal osteogenesis of the mandible was studied in mice. Three ossification processes, two intramembranous and one endochondral, occurred concurrently in the anterior part of the mandible. The contribution of Meckel's cartilage was a transient one, but related to possible congenital defects.
Method for Evaluating Patient Anxiety and the Interpersonal Effectiveness of Dental Personnel: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Weinstein P. , Smith T. , Packer M.
Published: November 2010

This study with 22 dental hygienists and 109 patients indicates that the personality of the dental professional has an effect on patient anxiety.
Peptide Mapping of Partial Acid Hydrolysates of Human Dentin and Bovine Skin Collagens by Thin-Layer Methods
Authors: De Jongh O. , Perry A.J. , Hefferren J.J.
Published: November 2010

Human dentin and bovine skin collagens, partially hydrolyzed with acid, were compared by peptide mapping on thin-layer plates. The patterns, which showed 20 to 25 spots, were similar for the two types of collagen. No major differences in the structural characteristics of dentin and skin collagens can be predicted from these results.
Tissue Conditioners: III. Water Immersion Characteristics
Authors: Braden M. , Causton B.E.
Published: November 2010

Tissue conditioner gels undergo two processes when immersed in water. Ethanol is leached out into the water, and water is sorbed by the polymeric phase of the gel. Materials with high ethanol concentrations show weight loss and shrinkage; those with lower ethanol concentrations show little change. The experimental material in this investigation was found useful for functional impression-taking.
An Epidemiologic Study of Dental Caries in Race and Geographic Area
Authors: Bagramian R.A. , Russell A.L.
Published: November 2010

Dental caries experience was determined for white and black high school students in a northern and a southern city of the United States. Expected racial and geographic differences were not found. White and black students showed similar caries experiences, and black students had a higher incidence of caries than reported in earlier studies.
In Vitro Effects of Isobutyl Cyanoacrylate on Four Types of Bacteria
Authors: Jandinski John , Sonis Stephen
Published: November 2010

Isobutyl cyanoacrylate produced varying degrees of growth inhibition when applied to freshly plated Petri dishes of Staphylococcus aureus, Gaffkya, Neisseria catarrhalis, and a-Streptococcus. A biproduct or diffusible substance produced by the polymer was implicated as the cause. Destruction of growing colonies was observed only with a-Streptococcus after polymer application. The mechanism for this was not determined.
Cytological Study of the Keratinization Pattern in Oral Leukoplakia
Authors: Bánóczy Jolán
Published: November 2010

Type of keratinization has been determined by cytological methods for 150 occurrences of oral leukoplakia. The results agreed with those of the histological examinations. Comparison of the keratinization pattern and clinical types showed a correlation between cytologic hyperparakeratosis and erosive leukoplakias.
Chemical Nature of Remineralized Flattened Enamel Surfaces
Authors: Krutchkoff David J. , Rowe Nathaniel H.
Published: November 2010

lnfrared internal reflection spectroscopy (IRS) was used to investigate chemical changes of enamel surface during in vitro remineralization. Specimens were demineralized and exposed either to calcium phosphate-fluoride solutions or to acidulated fluorophosphate. The former showed amorphous phosphate remineralization, and the latter showed surface precipitate interpreted to be calcium fluoride. The significance of previous demineralization time to both forms of remineralization is discussed.
Antibiotic Sensitivities of Oral Mycoplasma
Authors: Lyon T.C. , Nemes J.L.
Published: November 2010

Antibiotic sensitivities of five human species and one saprophytic species of mycoplasma were determined by the disk method. All were resistant to the antibiotics that act on cell walls. All were sensitive to the tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, and neomycin. Only Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma laidlawii B were sensitive to erythromycin, oleandomycin, streptomycin, and dihydrostreptomycin.
Effect of a Dorsal Dermal Surgical Wound on the Chemical Response of Rat Abdominal Skin to Chronic Administration of Sodium Diphenylhydantoin
Authors: Cheng Peng-Tung Hsu , Staple P.H.
Published: November 2010

A dorsal dermal surgical wound inflicted five days before excision of abdominal skin from young rats that were under treatment with daily injections of sodium diphenylhydantoin (100 or 50 mg/ kg) greatly modified the dermal chemical response to this drug that was observed in unwounded animals. Sodium diphenylhydantoin failed to increase wound rupture strength.
Bonding of Bovine Enamel to Restorative Resin: Effect of Pretreatment of Enamel
Authors: Brauer G.M. , Termini D.J.
Published: November 2010

The efficiency of simple treatments of the enamel surface with various polyfunctional acids and chelating agents was studied to obtain adequate adhesion between tooth surfaces and commercially available acrylic resins. Many water soluble acids induced bonding to enamel. Two ten-second treatments at three minute intervals with acid solutions such as 20% lactic acid may be useful in the clinical treatment of precarious lesions.
Wear of Fluorapatite Single Crystals: I. A Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Wear
Authors: Powers J.M. , Craig R.G.
Published: November 2010

A quantitative method for characterizing the surface failure of nonmetallic single crystals under sliding was evaluated. It was found that strain rate, load, and slider design influenced the wear of natural fluorapatite single crystals. High loads and slider designs with small radiuses and sharp angles resulted in the deepest penetration.
Sealing of Developmental Pits and Fissures : II. Fluoride Release from Flexible Fissure Sealers
Authors: Lee Henry , Ocumpaugh David E. , Swartz Michael L.
Published: November 2010

A fluoride-releasing polyurethane adhesive coating was found to be effective in reducing the acid solubility of enamel in vitro and the incidence of carious lesions of rat molars in vivo; this indicates that the coating would be an efficient topical fluoride system for application to developmental pits and fissures and all other surfaces of teeth.
Determination of Hydroxyapatite Crystallite Size in Human Dental Enamel by Dark-Field Electron Microscopy
Authors: Grove C.A. , Judd G. , Ansell G.S.
Published: November 2010

Ion-thinned longitudinal sections of a third molar were observed by bright- and dark-field electron microscopy. In bright field, the hydroxyapatite crystallites in enamel appeared as long rods, but, when observed in dark field, the crystallites were rectangular, with a mean length of 321 A.
Effect of Surface Treatment on the Corrodibility of Dental Amalgam
Authors: Svare Carl W. , Kai Chiu Chan
Published: November 2010

Potentiostatic anodic polarization data for unfinished, burnished, and polished amalgam surfaces were taken. From the standpoint of corrodibility, these tests indicated that physically improved amalgam restorations can be obtained by burnishing rather than by polishing or leaving amalgam carved and unfinished.
Reaction of Stannous Fluoride with Hydroxyapatite: The Crystal Structure of Sn 3PO4F3
Authors: Berndt Alan F.
Published: November 2010

The tin-containing product of the reaction of stannous fluoride solutions with synthetic hydroxyapatite was studied by means of X-ray diffraction. Data were collected from a single crystal specimen and this compound was identified as Sn3PO 4F3. The crystals are rhombohedral and are unrelated to the parent hydroxyapatite.
Lased Enamel: Ultrastructural Observations of Pulsed Carbon Dioxide Laser Effects
Authors: Stern Ralph H. , Vahl Johanna , Sognnaes Reidar F.
Published: November 2010

Scanning electron microscopic observations of the pulsed carbon dioxide laser effect on human enamel support microradiographic findings and indicate that this laser is significantly more efficient than the ruby laser within the limits of this investigation. Surface changes which were suggestive of fusion occurred between energy densities of 13 to 50 joules per square centimeter.
Exfoliation of the Deciduous Teeth During the Ages of Mixed Dentition
Authors: Becker H.M. , Glass R.L. , Shiere F.R.
Published: November 2010

Exfoliation rates of deciduous molars and canines of 705 children were determined. Exfoliation of the mandibular canines begins at about the age of seven years, and is followed by exfoliattion of the first and second molars. Maxillary exfoliation begins with the canines and first molars, followed by the second molars. Deciduous canines and molars often are present at the age of ten years.
Shot Impact Test for Dental Amalgam
Authors: Gettleman Lawrence , Webber Richard L. , Potter Walter R. , Moffa Joseph P.
Published: November 2010

Simulated amalgam restorations were tested destructively by means of oscillating shot impact, which produced fracture of the margins over time. Breakdown was related to the amalgam's composition and structure, it occurred on an all or none basis, and it was measurable subjectively. The test will be used to correlate laboratory and clinical evaluations of restorative materials.
An Alteration in Human Diabetic Arterioles
Authors: Keene Joseph J.
Published: November 2010

Serial sections of palatal mucosa from diabetic and nondiabetic patients were evaluated histochemically. An aldehyde-fuchsin-and acid-orcein-positive deposition occurred primarily in the adventitia of diabetic arterioles, as compared with nondiabetic vessels.
Activation of Medullary Neurons by Noxious Stimuli Applied to the Teeth
Authors: Miller Neal C. , Bishop Jack G. , Dorman Homer L.
Published: November 2010

Nerve impulse activity was recorded from the descending tract of the trigeminal nerve before and after application of certain noxious stimuli to the exposed dentin of teeth. Heat, electric shocks, concentrated potassium chloride solutions, and negative pressure increased the firing frequency of a majority of the neurons monitored.
Wear of Fluorapatite Single Crystals: III. Classification of Surface Failure
Authors: Powers J.M. , Craig R.G.
Published: November 2010

Modes of surface failure observed for natural fluorapatite single crystals under sliding were classified and related to wear and frictional behavior. The basal surfaces exhibited brittle or ductile failure depending on the combination of load and slider design. The transition occurred at penetrations of 0.3 to 0.5 μm.
The Effect of Age and Strain Differences on the Incidence of Restraint-Induced Oral and Gastric Ulcers in Three Strains of Rats
Authors: Whittaker D.K. , Wilson T.R.
Published: November 2010

Restraint of different strains of rat has been shown to be capable of inducing both oral and gastric ulcers. Hooded Wistar rats were most susceptible to gastric ulcers, whereas Sprague-Dawley rats had the highest incidence of oral ulcers. The causative mechanisms probably differ and are strain dependent.
Shear Stress Measurements at a Dental Porcelain-Gold Bond Interface
Authors: Tuccillo Joseph J. , Nielsen John P.
Published: November 2010

In this study a method of measuring interfacial shear stresses from the curvatures of bimaterial dental porcelain-gold strips is described. Stresses were calculated for different porcelain thicknesses and as a function of temperature. The interfacial stresses found ranged from 1,000 psi tensile stress to 3,000 psi compressive stress on the porcelain side of the interface for porcelain thicknesses commonly used in dental restorations.