bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of tonic glycinergic conductance in cerebellar granule cell signalling and the effect of gain‐of‐function mutation
Authors: McLaughlin Catherine , Clements John , Oprişoreanu Ana‐Maria , Sylantyev Sergiy
Published: March 2019

Key points

A T258F mutation of the glycine receptor increases the receptor affinity to endogenous agonists, modifies single‐channel conductance and shapes response decay kinetics.

Glycine receptors of cerebellar granule cells play their functional role not continuously, but when the granule cell layer starts receiving a high amount of excitatory inputs.

Despite their relative scarcity, tonically active glycine receptors of cerebellar granule cells make a significant impact on action potential generation and inter‐neuronal crosstalk, and modulate synaptic plasticity in neural networks; extracellular glycine increases probability of postsynaptic response occurrence acting at NMDA receptors and decreases this probability acting at glycine receptors.

Tonic conductance through glycine receptors of cerebellar granule cells is a yet undiscovered element of the biphasic mechanism that regulates processing of sensory inputs in the cerebellum.

A T258F point mutation disrupts this biphasic mechanism, thus illustrating the possible role of the gain‐of‐function mutations of the glycine receptor in development of neural pathologies.

Functional glycine receptors (GlyRs) have been repeatedly detected in cerebellar granule cells (CGCs), where they deliver exclusively tonic inhibitory signals. The functional role of this signalling, however, remains unclear. Apart from that, there is accumulating evidence of the important role of GlyRs in cerebellar structures in development of neural pathologies such as hyperekplexia, which can be triggered by GlyR gain‐of‐function mutations. In this research we initially tested functional properties of GlyRs, carrying the yet understudied T258F gain‐of‐function mutation, and found that this mutation makes significant modifications in GlyR response to endogenous agonists. Next, we clarified the role of tonic GlyR conductance in neuronal signalling generated by single CGCs and by neural networks in cell cultures and in living cerebellar tissue of C57Bl‐6J mice. We found that GlyRs of CGCs deliver a significant amount of tonic inhibition not continuously, but when the cerebellar granule layer starts receiving substantial excitatory input. Under these conditions tonically active GlyRs become a part of neural signalling machinery allowing generation of action potential (AP) bursts of limited length in response to sensory‐evoked signals. GlyRs of CGCs support a biphasic modulatory mechanism which enhances AP firing when excitatory input intensity is low, but suppresses it when excitatory input rises to a certain critical level. This enables one of the key functions of the CGC layer: formation of sensory representations and their translation into motor output. Finally, we have demonstrated that the T258F mutation in CGC GlyRs modifies single‐cell and neural network signalling, and breaks a biphasic modulation of the AP‐generating machinery.
Vertex-Splitting on a Diamond Origami Pattern
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Chen Yan
Published: March 2019

A diamond origami pattern is a well-known origami pattern consisting of identical six-crease vertices. As each vertex can be modeled as a spherical 6R linkage with three degrees of freedom (DOF), the tessellated pattern with multiple vertices is a multi-DOF system, which makes it difficult to fully control the motion in the desired symmetric manner. Here, two splitting schemes on the diamond vertex are proposed to generate three types of unit patterns to reduce the DOF. This vertex-splitting technique is applied to the multivertex diamond origami pattern to produce several one-DOF basic assemblies, which form a number of one-DOF origami patterns. Two of the one-DOF origami patterns are discussed: one of which is a flat-foldable origami pattern mixed with four- and six-crease vertices and the other is a nonflat-foldable one mixed with four-, five-, and six-crease vertices. In the one-DOF patterns, the symmetrically kinematic property of the original diamond origami pattern is well kept. Such property would significantly facilitate engineering applications comparing to the multi-DOF origami patterns. It also paves a new road to construct one-DOF origami patterns.
Terminal Position and Orientation Coupling in Lower Mobility Robots
Authors: Hu Bo
Published: March 2019

The kinematics has attracted continuous interests in the field of robotics. Terminal position and orientation coupling phenomenon is the key problem and the first consideration in the kinematics of lower mobility robots. However, this property was usually neglected or has not been well solved. This paper discusses the terminal position and orientation coupling issues in lower mobility robots, especially for the lower mobility hybrid robots. First, this paper reveals the terminal position and orientation coupling in serial and parallel robots. Then, based on elimination theory, an approach for establishing the terminal position and orientation coupling equations for hybrid robots is proposed, which is illustrated in detail by the (3-RPS) + (RR) and (3-RPS) + (3-RCR) hybrid robots. The results show that the hybrid robots have highly nonlinear terminal position and orientation coupling relations, which are more complicated than serial and parallel robots. The research of this paper is valuable in kinematics modeling of robots.
Analysis of Counter-Rotating Roller Bearing in Different Mounting Configurations
Authors: Gao Wenjun , Nelias Daniel , Liu Zhenxia
Published: March 2019

Advanced engine configuration studies have shown large advantages for an engine with counter-rotating spools with intershaft counter-rotating roller bearings. Mounted on two counter-rotating differential-speed hollow rotors, the bearing internal kinetic behavior, dynamic behavior, and then thermal behavior change greatly, causing a severe challenge to engine designers using traditional analysis methods. A special quasi-dynamic model for counter-rotating roller bearing is proposed, considering rings deformation and windage effects, to analyze the bearing mechanical and thermal behavior in different mounting configurations. Roller sliding and bearing heat generation are calculated and compared with experimental data to verify the model capabilities. It shows that the configuration that connects the inner ring to the high-speed rotor has life cycle advantage with more uniform load distribution, smaller roller/ring clearance, and lower cage speed. This leads to less drag loss due to the rotation of the rollers and cage assembly. The decrease of the total power loss is a key element to minimize the quantity of oil required to lubricate the roller bearing.
Vitamin D and vitamin B12deficiencies in patients with small intestinal carcinoid tumour: is opioid use disorder a confounding factor in the diagnosis?
Authors: Fagan Richard , Bokhari Syed Sabeeh Najam , Inayat Faisal
Published: March 2019

Carcinoid tumours have the ability to secrete various peptides and bioamines that lead to carcinoid syndrome manifested as cutaneous flushing, diarrhoea, bronchial constriction and cardiac involvement. The deficiencies of vitamins D and B12have previously been reported in patients with carcinoid tumours presumably due to chronic diarrhoea associated with the carcinoid syndrome. Herein, we chronicle the case of a patient with opioid use disorder who presented with small bowel obstruction that was found to be caused by a midgut carcinoid tumour. Laboratory studies revealed deficiencies of vitamins D and B12even though he denied diarrhoea and had no other aetiology of deficiencies of these vitamins. Additionally, this paper presents a review of the published medical literature pertaining to clinical features, diagnostic investigations and treatment of intestinal carcinoid tumours and explores possible explanations for the observed deficiencies in these patients.
Hepatic hydrothorax: indwelling catheter-relatedAcinetobacter radioresistensinfection
Authors: Silva Cruz Cristiano , Tosatto Valentina , Nascimento Paula Oliveira , Barata Moura Rita
Published: March 2019

Hepatic hydrothorax, a rare and debilitating complication of cirrhosis, carries high morbidity and mortality. First-line treatment consists of dietary sodium restriction and diuretic therapy. Some patients, mainly those who are refractory to medical management, will require invasive pleural drainage. The authors report the case of a 76-year-old man in a late cirrhotic stage of alcoholic chronic liver disease, presenting with recurrent right-sided hepatic hydrothorax, portal hypertension, hepatosplenomegaly and thrombocytopaenia. After recurrent admissions and complications, the potential for adjusting diuretic therapy was limited. After unsuccessful talc pleurodesis, an indwelling tunnelled pleural catheter was placed with effective symptomatic control. One month later, the patient was readmitted with empyema due toAcinetobacter radioresistens. Despite optimised medical and surgical treatment, the patient died 4 weeks later.
Seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: severe polysymptomatic presentation with successful treatment response
Authors: Pires da Rosa Gilberto , Costa Francisca , Guimarães Joana , Friões Fernando
Published: March 2019

We report the case of a 50-year-old caucasian man presenting with lumbar pain, bilateral ataxia, central facial palsy, ophthalmoparesis and urinary retention. Cerebral MRI hinted a hyperintensity of the medulla oblongata and cervical medulla suggestive of myelitis. Cerebrospinal fluid displayed lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated protein concentration. Without the possibility to rule out an infectious or inflammatory aetiology, antibiotics and corticosteroids were started. Nevertheless, neurological status deteriorated with loss of muscle strength and left eye amaurosis. A neuroaxis MRI exhibited encephalomyelitis with signal abnormalities involving the pons, medulla oblongata, left optic nerve and cervicodorsal medulla. Although negative for aquaporin-4-IgG antibodies, the patient fulfilled criteria for seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with the presence of multiple core clinical characteristics. Through early institution of corticosteroids, plasma exchange and rituximab, good functional recovery was achieved (Expanded Disability Status Scale score of 2). However, left eye amaurosis persisted despite salvage therapy with intravenous immunoglobulin.
Chondrolipoma of the stomach
Authors: Chen Reuben J , Sun Yi Qiu , Hii Michael W , Johnson Mary Ann
Published: March 2019

Chondrolipoma, a rare variant of a lipoma, is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm characterised by mature adipocytes with neoplastic hyaline cartilage formation. We describe the first case of a gastric chondrolipoma. The tumour was completely excised via laparoscopic gastric wedge resection with uneventful postoperative recovery. Histology of the tumour demonstrates mature adipose tissue and benign cartilage with patchy calcification.
Effects of removing reimbursement restrictions on targeted therapy accessibility for non-small cell lung cancer treatment in Taiwan: an interrupted time series study
Authors: Hsu Jason C , Wei Chen-Fang , Yang Szu-Chun
Published: March 2019

Interventions

Targeted therapies have been proven to provide clinical benefits to patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Gefitinib was initially approved and reimbursed as a third-line therapy for patients with advanced NSCLC by the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) in 2004; subsequently it became a second-line therapy (in 2007) and further a first-line therapy (in 2011) for patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive advanced NSCLC. Another targeted therapy, erlotinib, was initially approved as a third-line therapy in 2007, and it became a second-line therapy in 2008.

Objectives

This study is aimed towards an exploration of the impacts of the Taiwan NHI reimbursement policies (removing reimbursement restrictions) related to accessibility of targeted therapies.

Setting

We retrieved 2004–2013 claims data for all patients with lung cancer diagnoses from the NHI Research Database.

Design and outcome measures

Using an interrupted time series design and segmented regression, we estimated changes in the monthly prescribing rate by patient number and market shares by cost following each modification of the reimbursement policy for gefitinib and erlotinib for NSCLC treatment.

Results

Totally 92 220 patients with NSCLC were identified. The prescribing rate of the targeted therapies increased by 15.58%, decreased by 10.98% and increased by 6.31% following the introduction of gefitinib as a second-line treatment in 2007, erlotinib as a second-line treatment in 2008 and gefitinib as as first line treatment in 2011, respectively. The average time to prescription reduced by 65.84% and 41.59% following coverage of erlotinib by insurance and gefitinib/erlotinib as second-line treatments in 2007–2008 and following gefitinib as the first-line treatment in 2011.

Conclusions

The changes in reimbursement policies had a significant impact on the accessibility of targeted therapies for NSCLC treatment. Removing reimbursement restrictions can significantly increase the level and the speed of drug accessibility.
How do doctors in the Netherlands perceive the impact of disciplinary procedures and disclosure of disciplinary measures on their professional practice, health and career opportunities? A questionnaire among medical doctors who received a disciplinary measure
Authors: Laarman Berber S , Bouwman Renée JR , de Veer Anke JE , Hendriks Michelle , Friele Roland D
Published: March 2019

Introduction

Disciplinary procedures can have serious consequences for the health, personal life and professional functioning of doctors. Until recently, specific disciplinary measures (reprimands) were publicly disclosed in the Netherlands. The perceived additional impact of disclosing reprimands on the professional and personal life of doctors is unclear.

Methods

All doctors who received a disciplinary measure from the Dutch Disciplinary Board between July 2012 and August 2016 were invited to partake in a 60-item questionnaire concerning the respondents’ characteristics, the complaint, experience with the procedure and perceived impact of the procedure on health and professional functioning as reported by doctors themselves. The response rate was 43% (n=210). 21.4% received a reprimand (disclosed); the remainder received a warning (not disclosed). Differences between the two groups were calculated.

Results

Respondents with a reprimand reported significantly more negative experiences and impact on health and work than respondents with a warning. 37.8% of the doctors said their health was very good. A small percentage reported moderate-to-severe depressive complaints (3.6%), moderate-to-severe anxiety disorder (2%) or indications of burnout (10.8%). The majority reported changes in their professional practices associated with ‘defensive medicine’, such as doing more supplementary research (41%) and complying more with patients’ wishes (35%).

Conclusion

The Dutch disciplinary procedure has strong negative side effects, that disclosing measures seems to increase. Dutch disciplinary law aims to contribute to the quality of professional practice. A safe environment is a basic condition for quality improvement and therefore, disclosure of disciplinary measures should be carefully considered. Disclosure of disciplinary measures has always been controversial and the results of this study has rekindled this debate. Recently, a majority in the Dutch House of Representatives has voted against disclosure of reprimands, leaving disclosure of reprimands a discretion of the disciplinary board when deemed appropriate or necessary.
Barriers and facilitators to adopting high value practices and de-adopting low value practices in Canadian intensive care units: a multimethod study
Authors: Sauro Khara , Bagshaw Sean M , Niven Daniel , Soo Andrea , Brundin-Mather Rebecca , Parsons Leigh Jeanna , Cook Deborah J , Stelfox Henry Thomas
Published: March 2019

Objective

To compare and contrast illustrative examples of the adoption of high value practices and the de-adoption of low value practices.

Design

(1) Retrospective, population-based audit of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis (high value practice) and albumin for fluid resuscitation (low value practice) and (2) cross-sectional survey of healthcare providers.

Setting

Data were collected from nine adult medical-surgical intensive care units (ICUs) in two large Canadian cities. Patients are managed in these ICUs by a group of multiprofessional and multidisciplinary healthcare providers.

Participants

Participants included 6946 ICU admissions and 309 healthcare providers from the same ICUs.

Main outcome measures

(1) The use of LMWH for VTE prophylaxis (per cent ICU days) and albumin for fluid resuscitation (per cent of patients); and (2) provider knowledge of evidence underpinning these practices, and barriers and facilitators to adopt and de-adopt these practices.

Results

LMWH was administered on 38.7% of ICU days, and 20.0% of patients received albumin.

Most participants had knowledge of evidence underpinning VTE prophylaxis and fluid resuscitation (59.1% and 84.2%, respectively). Providers perceived these practices to be followed. The most commonly reported barrier to adoption was insufficient knowledge/understanding (32.8%), and to de-adoption was clinical leader preferences (33.2%). On-site education was the most commonly identified facilitator for adoption and de-adoption (67.8% and 68.6%, respectively).

Conclusions

Despite knowledge of and self-reported adherence to best practices, the audit demonstrated opportunity to improve. Provider-reported barriers and facilitators to adoption and de-adoption are broadly similar.
Utilisation of mammography by women with mobility impairment in the UK: secondary analysis of cross-sectional data
Authors: Sakellariou Dikaios , Rotarou Elena S
Published: March 2019

Objectives

Research has shown that people with physical impairment report lower utilisation of preventive services. The aim of this study was to examine whether women with mobility impairments have lower odds of using mammography compared with women with no such impairment, and explore the factors that are associated with lower utilisation.

Sample and design

We performed secondary analysis, using logistic regressions, of deidentified cross-sectional data from the European Health Interview Survey, Wave 2. The sample included 9491 women from across the UK, 2697 of whom had mobility impairment. The survey method involved face-to-face and telephone interviews.

Outcome measures

Self-report of the last time a mammogram was undertaken.

Results

Adjusting for various demographic and socioeconomic variables, women with mobility impairment had 1.3 times (95% CI 0.70 to 0.92) lower odds of having a mammogram than women without mobility impairment. Concerning women with mobility impairment, married women had more than twice the odds of having a mammogram than women that had never been married (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.49 to 2.88). Women in Scotland had 1.5 times (95% CI 1.08 to 2.10) higher odds of undertaking the test than women in England. Women with upper secondary education had 1.4 times (95% CI 1.10 to 1.67) higher odds of undergoing the test than women with primary or lower secondary education. Also, women from higher quintiles (third and fifth quintiles) had higher odds of using mammography, with the women in the fifth quintile having 1.5 times (95% CI 1.02 to 2.15) higher odds than women from the first quintile.

Conclusions

In order to achieve equitable access to mammography for all women, it is important to acknowledge the barriers that impede women with mobility impairment from using the service. These barriers can refer to structural disadvantage, such as lower income and employment rate, transportation barriers, or previous negative experiences, among others.
Morphine in acute coronary syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Duarte Gonçalo Silva , Nunes-Ferreira Afonso , Rodrigues Filipe Brogueira , Pinto Fausto J , Ferreira Joaquim J , Costa Joao , Caldeira Daniel
Published: March 2019

Objective

Morphine is frequently used in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) due to its analgesic effect, it being recommended in the main cardiology guidelines in Europe and the USA. However, controversy exists regarding its routine use due to potential safety concerns. We conducted a systematic review of randomised-controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies to synthesise the available evidence.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data sources

CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and trial registries.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies

We included RCTs and observational studies evaluating the impact of morphine in cardiovascular outcomes or platelet reactivity measures.

Data extraction and synthesis

Data were screened, extracted and appraised by two independent reviewers. The data were pooled results using a random-effects model. Outcomes included in-hospital mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), platelet reactivity (using VerifyNow) and bleeding, reported as relative risk (RR) with 95% CI. We assessed the confidence in the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. We followed the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Results

Five RCTs and 12 observational studies were included, enrolling 69 993 participants. Pooled results showed an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (RR 1.45 [95% CI 1.10 to 1.91], low GRADE confidence), MACE (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.45) and an increased platelet reactivity at 1 and 2 hours (59.37 platelet reactivity units [PRU], 95% CI 36.04 to 82.71; 68.28 PRU, 95% CI 37.01 to 99.55, high GRADE confidence) associated with morphine. We found no significant difference in the risk of bleeding. We found no differences in subgroup analyses based on study design and ACS subtype.

Conclusions

Morphine was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality and MACE but the high risk of bias leads to low result confidence. There is high confidence that morphine decreases the antiplatelet effect of P2Y12 inhibitors.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42016036357.
Effect of household relocation on child vaccination and health service utilisation in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a cross-sectional community survey
Authors: Horng Lily , Kakoly Nadira Sultana , Abedin Jaynal , Luby Stephen P
Published: March 2019

Objective

To explore the relationship between household relocation and use of vaccination and health services for severe acute respiratory illness (ARI) among children in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Design

Analysis of cross-sectional community survey data from a prior study examining the impact ofHaemophilus influenzaetype b vaccine introduction in 2009 on meningitis incidence in Bangladesh.

Setting

Communities surrounding two large paediatric hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Participants

Households with children under 5 years old who either recently relocated<12 months or who were residentially stable living>24 months in their current residence (total n=10 020) were selected for this study.

Primary outcome measures

Full vaccination coverage among children aged 9-59 months and visits to a qualified medical provider for severe ARI among children under 5 years old.

Results

Using vaccination cards with maternal recall, full vaccination was 80% among recently relocated children (n=3795) and 85% among residentially stable children (n=4713; χ2=37.2, p<0.001). Among children with ARI in the prior year, 69% of recently relocated children (n=695) had visited a qualified medical provider compared with 82% of residentially stable children (n=763; χ2=31.9, p<0.001). After adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, recently relocated children were less likely to be fully vaccinated (prevalence ratio [PR] 0.97; 95% CI 0.95 to 0.99; p=0.016) and to have visited a qualified medical provider for ARI (PR 0.88; 95% CI 0.84 to 0.93; p<0.001).

Conclusions

Children in recently relocated households in Dhaka, Bangladesh, have decreased use of vaccination and qualified health services for severe ARI.
Cross-validated prediction model for severe adverse neonatal outcomes in a term, non-anomalous, singleton cohort
Authors: Flatley Christopher , Gibbons Kristen , Hurst Cameron , Flenady Vicki , Kumar Sailesh
Published: March 2019

Objective

The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model using maternal, intrapartum and ultrasound variables for a composite of severe adverse neonatal outcomes (SANO) in term infants.

Design

Prospectively collected observational study. Mixed effects generalised linear models were used for modelling. Internal validation was performed using the K-fold cross-validation technique.

Setting

This was a study of women that birthed at the Mater Mother’s Hospital in Brisbane, Australia between January 2010 and April 2017.

Patients

We included all term, non-anomalous singleton pregnancies that had an ultrasound performed between 36 and 38 weeks gestation and had recordings for the umbilical artery pulsatility index, middle cerebral artery pulsatility index and the estimated fetal weight (EFW).

Main outcome measures

The components of the SANO were: severe acidosis arterial, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, Apgar score of ≤3 at 5 min or perinatal death.

Results

There were 5439 women identified during the study period that met the inclusion criteria, with 11.7% of this cohort having SANO. The final generalised linear mixed model consisted of the following variables: maternal ethnicity, socioeconomic score, nulliparity, induction of labour, method of birth and z-scores for EFW and cerebroplacental ratio. The final model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.71.

Conclusions

The results of this study demonstrate it is possible to predict infants that are at risk of SANO at term with moderate accuracy using a combination of maternal, intrapartum and ultrasound variables. Cross-validation analysis suggests a high calibration of the model.
A new set of eyes: development of a novel microangioscope for neurointerventional surgery
Authors: Lazaro Tyler , Srinivasan Visish M , Cooper Phillip , Phillips Michael , Garcia Robert , Chen Stephen R , Johnson Jeremiah , Collins Dalis E , Kan Peter
Published: March 2019

Background

Endovascular technological advances have revolutionized the field of neurovascular surgery and have become the mainstay of treatment for many cerebrovascular pathologies. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the ’gold standard' for visualization of the vasculature and deployment of endovascular devices. Nonetheless, with recent technological advances in optics, angioscopy has emerged as a potentially important adjunct to DSA. Angioscopy can offer direct visualization of the intracranial vasculature, and direct observation and inspection of device deployment. However, previous iterations of this technology have not been sufficiently miniaturized or practical for modern neurointerventional practice.

Objective

To describe the evolution, development, and design of a microangioscope that offers both high-quality direct visualization and the miniaturization necessary to navigate in the small intracranial vessels and provide examples of its potential applications in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular pathologies using an in vivo porcine model.

Methods

In this proof-of-concept study we introduce a novel microangioscope, designed from coherent fiber bundle technology. The microangioscope is smaller than any previously described angioscope, at 1.7 F, while maintaining high-resolution images. A porcine model is used to demonstrate the resolution of the images in vivo.

Results

Video recordings of the microangioscope show the versatility of the camera mounted on different microcatheters and its ability to navigate external carotid artery branches. The microangioscope is also shown to be able to resolve the subtle differences between red and white thrombi in a porcine model.

Conclusion

A new microangioscope, based on miniaturized fiber optic technology, offers a potentially revolutionary way to visualize the intracranial vascular space.
Dissociative (non-epileptic) seizures: tackling common challenges after the diagnosis
Authors: Reuber Markus
Published: March 2019

Dissociative (non-epileptic) seizures are one of the three major causes of transient loss of consciousness. As such, their treatment cannot be left to superspecialised experts. In this article I draw on personal experience to suggest ways to tackle some challenges that commonly arise after diagnosing dissociative seizures, focusing on three issues: “I want to know what is wrong with me,” “I hear what you are saying but it doesn’t apply to me” and “What if I have a seizure?” The suggestions detail both actions and words that may help at a crucial point in the patient’s journey. If handled well, the process can leave the patient better equipped to understand their seizures and to engage in further treatment; if handled badly, patients may be left more traumatised, angry and with additional disability.
Cross‐sectional analysis of veterinary student coping strategies and stigma in seeking psychological help
Authors: McArthur Michelle L , Matthew Susan M , Brand Conor P B , Andrews Jena , Fawcett Anne , Hazel Susan
Published: March 2019

Veterinary education can result in high levels of academic stressors for students. Students are also susceptible to non‐academic stressors, including relationship issues and financial concerns. These can all result in mental ill health, which may impair the student's ability to complete their studies and go on to a successful professional career. Finding and using strategies early on to help alleviate mental health problems is critical to successful management of these problems, but seeking help may be impeded by the stigma associated with mental health problems. Using a cross‐sectional online survey of a sample of Australian veterinary students, the aim of the current study was to investigate the type and frequency of their coping strategies as well as to explore relationships between self‐stigma and coping strategies. Female veterinary students reported more use of instrumental and emotional support as coping strategies, while male veterinary students demonstrated more use of humour. Self‐stigma was related to less instrumental support, greater self‐blame and gender, while males who employed more humour as a coping strategy reported more self‐stigma. Improving the coping strategies of veterinary students and reducing the self‐stigma surrounding mental ill health is important to improve the wellbeing and resilience of the veterinary profession.
CORPO-COLÔNIA: UM ESTUDO PRELIMINAR SOBRE A REPRESENTAÇÃO DAS MULHERES NEGRAS AFRICANAS DURANTE A GUERRA COLONIAL A PARTIR DA “QUE SE PASSA NA FRENTE” DE AUGUSTO CID
Authors: La Valle Paolo
Published: March 2019

O trabalho apresenta-se como um estudo preliminar sobre a representação das mulheres negras em Portugal durante os anos da guerra colonial (1961-1975). Seguindo as sugestões dos actuais movimentos globais das mulheres (Ni una menos, Women's March, Non una di Meno…) o artigo quer investigar a dupla hirarquização sofrida das mulheres negras e ao mesmo tempo analisar como e se as resistências contra o fascismo e o colonialismo português influíram nas representações. As imagens das mulheres negras em Portugal ao longo do século revelam corpos sexualizados, objectos à disposição dos colonizadores. Porém, centrando a reflexão na a Banda Desenhada, é preciso lembrar com Luís Cunha (1995) como a representação dos homens negros na BD mudou ao longo do século e sobretudo durante a guerra colonial. O artigo analisa os desenhos de Augusto Cid publicados em Que se passa na frente (1973), no intento de verificar se a guerra e as resistências levaram algumas mudanças na representação das mulheres feitas pelos colonizadores. Estas análises permitem reflectir sobre como os estereótipos racistas e sexistas mudaram nos últimos anos no regime fascista português, construindo as bases para interrogar a sociedade do pós-25 de Abril e ver assim se os rastos destas violências chegam até hoje.
AGUSTINA BESSA LUÍS E O FEMININO EM “VALE ABRAÃO”: EMA OU A NEGAÇÃO DE UM CENTRO DE MESA PARA ROMÃS
Authors: Ferreira Cláudia Sofia Varela Capela Granjo
Published: March 2019

Resumo: Este artigo pretende demonstrar a representação do feminino na obra agustiniana Vale Abraão, recorrendo ao estudo da noção de género em diálogo com o sociocultural e o biológico sob a perspetiva da autora. De facto, a obra sublinha criticamente a caraterização estanque do ser mulher e a definição do feminino como o resultado de um protocolo social manifestamente castrador, enquanto infere da linguagem e do dizer como reflexo de poder e afirmação da identidade do eu. O movimento baloiçante da protagonista assume, assim, central significação, na medida em que a faz transcender um destino mudo, anulado, traço passível de uma exegese de princípios andróginos ou queer e, simultaneamente, a lança na estagnação do símbolo tradicionalmente atribuível ao feminino como desapossado de linguagem e poder, portanto, de identidade. Poderá concluir-se, desse modo, a relevância desta obra no que de contributivo acrescenta ao desenvolvimento de um corpus literário afeto aos estudos de género.
LIBERDADE! LIBERDADE! ABRE AS ASAS SOBRE NÓS: “VICENTE”, DE MIGUEL TORGA
Authors: Herranz Lyza Brasil
Published: March 2019

Incluído em Bichos, de Miguel Torga, o conto “Vicente”, espécie de fábula moderna, narra a escolha humana por uma existência telúrica ao invés de desenraizada, e pela resistência à opressão ao invés da servidão. Em sintonia com o ensinamento crítico-filosófico de Étienne de La Boétie em seu Discurso da servidão voluntária, o corvo Vicente, protagonista da narrativa, ensina que a vida só tem valor em plena liberdade, conquistada pelo próprio homem.
A PELE QUE NÃO HABITO: A FUSÃO HOMEM E BICHO NO CONTO “A PELE DO JUDEU” DE MÁRIO DE CARVALHO
Authors: Silva Antonia Marly Moura
Published: March 2019

Na reconciliação do real com o imaginário, a literatura fantástica tem legitimado, pelo viés do símbolo e da alegoria, temores e indagações sobre a relação entre homem e bicho. Sedimentado no caráter subversor da realidade, figurações sombrias e de grande impacto emocional circunscrevem questões prementes sobre identidade, alteridade, integração natural ou experiência civilizada. É o que se verifica no conto “A pele do judeu”, integrante da obra Contos da sétima esfera (1981) do português Mário de Carvalho. No relato, a metamorfose da personagem central realça a natureza lendária do enredo ao mesmo tempo em que destaca a jornada subjetiva que os seres ficcionais enfrentam em busca de si mesmos e dos mistérios da vida. É, pois, seguindo tal linha de reflexão que pretendemos analisar o referido conto à luz dos conceitos de Irène Bessière (1974), Julio Cortázar (1974), Roger Bozzetto (2001), David Roas (2014), Remo Ceserani (2006) dentre outros autores que em suas obras abrem um espaço promissor para o debate sobre a natureza do relato fantástico. Também muito oportunos são os postulados teóricos de Warnes (2012) e Gallagher (2009) sobre o motivo da metamorfose na literatura.
BESTIÁRIO DA LITERATURA DA GUERRA COLONIAL PORTUGUESA (ALGUMAS CONSIDERAÇÕES)
Authors: Cardoso Norberto Vale
Published: March 2019

Perscrutando várias obras que tratam o tema do colonialismo e da guerra colonial portuguesa, de entre elas sublinhando a obra de António Lobo Antunes, concluímos não haver uma epopeia que cante, como Os Lusíadas o fazem, o papel do português que combateu nessa guerra. Talvez essa falha de representação (conectada com a urgência em denegar e obliterar as memórias de um tempo em que um país, cuja posição europeia era subalterna, só em África se pensava próspero) derive do facto de o jovem português mobilizado para as colónias africanas não ter tido um papel linear. Efectivamente, a sua acção foi pautada por um desempenho dual, entre a prosperização e o alquebramento de um regime que, por um lado, se sustentava na guerra e, por outro, falhará exactamente através dela. O combatente português desliza para uma hesitação identitária ao nível pessoal e, sobretudo, social, parcialmente resolvida através de um bestiário onde se incluem o lobo e, sobretudo, o cão (imagens que alegorizam a transformação sofrida pelos jovens combatentes). Propomos, pois, que tenha sido na guerra colonial que melhor se tenham espelhado tais binómios: a) a experiência agónica que animaliza (ou canibaliza) o soldado; b) a experiência enquanto conhecimento que o leva a reavaliar a sua identidade individual e, extrapolando, a identidade colectiva.
FRAGMENTOS DA MEMÓRIA DE UM POVO: AS HISTÓRIAS DE CAÇA E O BESTIÁRIO EM "LEVANTADO DO CHÃO"
Authors: Batista Carolina Lopes
Published: March 2019

Neste artigo, são analisadas as três histórias de caça presentes no romance Levantado do chão, narradas pelos personagens António Mau-Tempo e Sigismundo Canastro, e a presença de inúmeros animais ao longo da narrativa. Tanto as histórias de caça quanto o bestiário remontam um vínculo com a tradição oral, característica da escrita de José Saramago, e também exercem a função de metáfora para a vida e a luta do povo alentejano.
DEPOIMENTO SOBRE A EXPERIÊNCIA DE LEITURA E CRÍTICA DOS POETAS DE ORPHEU
Authors: Lourenço Eduardo
Published: March 2019

Depoimento concedido à Professora Dra. Lilian Jacoto na Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian em Lisboa, no ano de 2015, transcrito por  Roberta Ferraz e editado por Luiz Melques.
ENTREVISTA COM A PROFESSORA ROMENA CORINA NUTU ACERCA DAS OBRAS DE FERNANDO PESSOA E DO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA E LITERATURA PORTUGUESAS NA ROMÊNIA
Authors: Silva Eduardo Neves
Published: March 2019

Entrevista com a professora romena Corina Nutu da Universidade de Bucareste. Corina é estudiosa de Fernando Pessoa e já traduziu obras do português para o romeno, entre elas os livros da série “O Bairro”, de Gonçalo M. Tavares.
ACERCA DA LIÇÃO DA GNOSE ALMADIANA
Authors: Leitão Mary Nascimento da Silva
Published: March 2019

Almada dividiu-se em diferentes modos de expressão artística. E Martins parte dessa ideia para mostrar que mesmo tendo essa rica multiplicidade artística, Almada Negreiros demonstrou em sua obra a “inteireza do seu ser”, a busca pela unidade, a qual foi estudada na obra em análise a partir dos conceitos de “intrasubjetividade” e “intersubjetividade”. Isso, segundo a autora, torna-se peculiar diante das produções de Fernando Pessoa e Mário de Sá-Carneiro, as quais focaram a fragmentação, seja múltipla ou simplesmente dupla, aos moldes de cada autor.
3 POEMAS DE LUIS MAFFEI
Authors: Maffei Luis
Published: March 2019

poemas inéditos
GULA E LITERATURA: DIÁLOGO GASTRONÔMICO COM A OBRA DE EÇA DE QUEIRÓS
Authors: De Andrade José Roberto
Published: March 2019

O escritor Eça de Queirós (1845-1900) não se destacou pelas habilidades culinárias, mas marcou a cozinha portuguesa. Sua obra literária e jornalística revela que Eça escolheu representar, também pela perspectiva do estômago, a sociedade portuguesa de sua época, aproximando escritor do cozinheiro. Neste artigo, comentam-se textos jornalísticos do escritor português e faz-se a leitura de um jantar de O Primo Basílio para destacar a possibilidade de diálogos entre a obra do escritor e a gastronomia e a importância deste tema como chave interpretativa dos textos  ecianos.
OS MODERNISTAS E A (DES)CONSTRUÇÃO DO INELUDÍVEL
Authors: Vila Maior Dionísio
Published: March 2019

Reflexão sobre alguns pontos centrais, no estudo do discurso estético-literário e ideológico modernista: a relação do eu individual com o eu coletivo; a dimensão carnavalesca do manifesto; a guerra almadiana e a (pre)visão do "homem completo"; o gesto vanguardista; o discurso literário e a representação da crise civilizacional; a "Grande Devastação" (por aqui se pressentindo a fundamentação de importantes matrizes teóricas que enquadram, variavelmente, a prática estética, mas essencialmente ideológica, dos mais interventivos modernistas portugueses); a modernidade e a “tradição oculta” de princípios humanistas essenciais.
ENTREVISTA COM A POETA E PROFESSORA DA FACULDADE DE LETRAS DO PORTO, ANA LUÍSA AMARAL
Authors: De Oliveira Nicole Guim
Published: March 2019

Entrevista realizada durante a vigência da Bolsa de Estágio de Pesquisa no Exterior, concedida pela Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP).
A NOVÍSSIMA LITERATURA PORTUGUESA: NOVAS IDENTIDADES DE ESCRITA
Authors: Silva Gabriela
Published: March 2019

luz do que denominamos como contemporâneo, marcada pela necessidade de redescoberta do homem português, sua apreensão do real e posicionamento no mundo hodierno, são as principais características da literatura produzida em Portugal nos dias atuais. Associadas às diferentes formas de narrar e pensar a escrita Gonçalo M. Tavares, Nuno Camarneiro e Afonso Cruz, destacam-se entre os novos escritores portugueses. Rompem com a questão de narrar apenas dentro da identidade cultural a que estão associados, ao mesmo tempo alicerçam uma nova concepção do seu papel de inventor/criador de universos ficcionais.   O espaço ficcional é por sua natureza o espaço das possibilidades.
A FRAGMENTAÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE NO ROMANCE "OS CUS DE JUDAS"
Authors: Vogt Josiane Nava , Ozelame Josiele Kaminski Corso
Published: March 2019

O presente artigo busca demonstrar a fragmentação da identidade do narrador no livro Os cus de Judas escrito por António Lobo Antunes, em 1979. Para tanto, foram consideradas características do enredo, cujo foco foi a análise da personagem principal no intuito de compreender os aspectos da identidade nacional, o retrato do colonizador e a passagem dessa para uma identidade híbrida, pós-moderna. Os trabalhos de Zygmunt Bauman (2005) e Stuart Hall (2005) auxiliaram na compreensão do conceito de identidade. Quanto à colonização, optou-se pelo trabalho de Albert Memmi (2007) e no que tange aos dos elementos que constituem a narrativa as principais contribuições advém dos escritos de Antonio Candido (2002).
A PERSONAGEM E A MEMÓRIA EM DOIS ROMANCES DE LÍDIA JORGE
Authors: Lucas Collares Ramis Paula Renata
Published: March 2019

Em A costa dos murmúrios (1988), a personagem Eva Lopo através do seu discurso, situado vinte anos após os acontecimentos, expõe os conflitos da guerra pela independência em Moçambique (África) e, principalmente, mostra-nos como a mulher era tratada em tal contexto. Já em A noite das mulheres cantoras (2011), encontramos a personagem Solange de Matos que, afastada vinte e um anos dos acontecimentos, também olha para o passado na tentativa de reviver e entender os momentos vividos no território do «império minuto». A partir dessas narrativas da escritora Lídia Jorge, pretende-se analisar como as duas mulheres (Eva Lopo e Solange Matos) regressam ao passado e reorganizam o presente. Intenciona-se investigar como tais personagens adotam perspectivas diferentes em relação aos acontecimentos históricos. Buscar-se-á também pensar a respeito da personagem literária que sofreu diferentes abordagens ao longo dos tempos.
The paleoproterozoic post-tectonic granites of the Gavião Block: the example of Salininha monzogranite, Brumado, Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Barbosa Rafael Gordilho , Barbosa Johildo Salomão Figueiredo , Hamilton Michael Andrew , Oliveira Jailma Santos de Souza de , Salles Lucas De Queiroz
Published: March 2019

The Gavião Block is underlain by a variety of Archean orthogneisses and greenstone belts, intruded by a suite of syn-deformational and post-tectonic granitoids which ages of emplacement are poorly constrained between the Paleoand Mesoproterozoic. The Salininha monzogranite is a massive intrusion located approximately 50 km northwest of Brumado, south-central Bahia state, Brazil. The intrusion is representative of several post-tectonic felsic plutons in the Gavião Block. Their petrology, geochemistry and age have been largely unstudied. Salininha pluton is a roughly 16 km2 irregular, elongate body intruding strongly deformed and metamorphosed orthogneisses and migmatites of the Archean Gavião Complex. Modally, the Salininha rocks contain biotite as the major ferromagnesian accessory, besides lesser hornblende, muscovite, chlorite, zircon, opaques and epidote. They are slightly peraluminous rocks with high silica contents (71.6 – 75.0wt%), obtained by lithium tetraborate fusion inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The rocks have high concentration of Rb, Sr and Ba (323,88 and 1,155 ppm, respectively). These values were obtained by lithium tetraborate fusion (mass spectrometer—MS). The average value obtained for the La/Yb ratio was 18.83. Chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns show a smooth, restricted range, with moderate light REE enrichment, but flat heavy REE patterns — all samples show pronounced negative Eu anomalies consistent with feldspar fractionation. Major and trace elements have trends, which indicate that crystal fractionation of plagioclase, K-feldspar and biotite — an important process during magmatic evolution of the pluton. The trace element data provided support to the classification of the Salininha monzogranite as a post-collisional intrusion. A representative sample has yielded an early Orosirian U-Pb (zircon) age of 2003 ± 4 Ma, via chemical abrasion-isotope dilution-thermal ionization
Hydrogeochemical modeling of fluoride contents in groundwater in outcrop area of Guarani Aquifer System, southern Brazil
Authors: Luiz Thiago Boeno Patricio , Silva José Luiz Silvério da , Descovi Filho Leônidas Luiz Volcato
Published: March 2019

Groundwater quality problems with high fluoride contents were studied in an outcrop area on a portion of Guarani Aquifer System (GAS), in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The methodology was based on the evaluation of tectonic structures lineaments and geochemical modeling of 13 groundwater physical-chemical data with anomalies of fluoride from tube wells. The lineaments trace and speciation code PHREEQC 3.3.5 used suggest the occurrence of distinct mineralogical contributions, in which the precipitation of carbonate minerals from the mineral structure of the GAS sandstone and cation exchange play a fundamental role in the hydrogeochemistry of fluoride. The results were analyzed by the main transects, which allowed the definition of characteristics of mineral dissolution and precipitation in the environment. The halite and sylvite showed dissolution tendencies along the traced transects, towards the mineral equilibrium. The fluorite mineral presented undersaturation with tendencies to mineral equilibrium and, possibly, precipitation in the most salinized waters. The applied methodology allowed the extraction of information for a better understanding of the hydrogeochemical dynamics of salinized waters and their water/rock interactions in outcrop area of the GAS, constituting a material to support the research of anomalous fluoride concentrations in groundwater and the practices of management of this important aquifer system.
Linking Tropical Infections to Hypertension: New Comorbid Disease Paradigms in Our Era of “Blue Marble Health”
Authors: Hotez Peter J.
Published: March 2019

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