bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Práticas e percepção da saúde bucal das equipes de enfermagem em internados na unidade de terapia intensiva
Authors: Hélder Domiciano Dantas Martins  , Aurino Fernandes de Brito Junior  , Gabrielly Laís Barbosa Duarte de Araújo  , Edna Maria da Silva  , Maria Ângela Fernandes Ferreira  , Domingos Sávio de Medeiros  , Éricka Janine Dantas da Silveira
Published: February 2022

A unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) é um setor hospitalar em que se presta assistência a pacientes com necessidade de cuidados intensivos. Nesse cenário, a equipe de enfermagem assume importância no cuidado aos pacientes internados e é a responsável pelo cuidado bucal em alguns hospitais. Esses pacientes possuem alterações bucais, e os profissionais envolvidos devem ter conhecimento para promover a manutenção da saúde bucal deles. Objetivo: Verificar a percepção dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre a saúde bucal e suas práticas de higienização em duas UTIs. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e seccional em duas UTIs (uma pública e uma privada). A amostra foi constituída dos profissionais de enfermagem ativos, os quais responderam a um questionário validado. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: A média de idade dos entrevistados no hospital público e no hospital da rede privada, respectivamente, foi de 34 e de 37 anos, com tempo de atuação profissional de 9 e de 12 anos, em sua maioria do sexo feminino (56,1 e 78%) e técnicos em enfermagem (90 e 86%). Em relação ao cuidado bucal, 44 e 30% dos profissionais o realizam apenas uma vez ao dia, 63 e 62% não souberam definir biofilme dentário, e 40 e 46,2% disseram que mais treinamentos seriam necessários. Além disso, a utilização da clorexidina (0,12%) era realizada por 100% dos entrevistados no hospital público e 80% no hospital particular, mais frequente do que a remoção mecânica do biofilme. Conclusão: Há deficiências no conhecimento da saúde bucal dos pacientes, o que reforça a importância da educação continuada dos profissionais de enfermagem, além da presença do cirurgião-dentista.
Avaliação do grau de desvio apical provocado por sistemas de instrumentação reciprocante: comparação entre duas técnicas
Authors: Fábio de Almeida Gomes  , Thallyson Sampaio Araujo  , Thiago Lima Sales  , Gabriela Mendes Amador  , Bernardo Almeida Aguiar  , Claudio Maniglia Ferreira  , Bruno Carvalho de Vasconcelos  , Fernanda Geraldo Pappen
Published: February 2022

O tratamento endodôntico tem como um de seus objetivos a descontaminação dos canais radiculares por meio do preparo biomecânico, que consiste na limpeza dos canais radiculares utilizando instrumentos e soluções irrigadoras. Objetivo: Avaliar o grau de desvio apical provocado por dois sistemas de instrumentação reciprocantes. Material e métodos: Selecionaram-se 56 molares superiores humanos previamente extraídos. Eles foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos contendo 28 raízes cada um, de acordo com o sistema de instrumentação a ser utilizado e emprego de patência foraminal: técnica de preparo com instrumentos de cinemática reciprocante VDW Reciproc R25 e técnica de preparo com instrumentos de cinemática reciprocante do tipo Easy ProDesign R 25/06. Após a instrumentação, as radiografias iniciais e finais foram avaliadas e mensuradas por intermédio do software ImageJ, em que foi avaliado o grau de desvio apical provocado pelos sistemas reciprocantes utilizados. Resultados: No grupo 1 foi obtida média de desvio de 6,59º. Já com relação ao grupo 2 essa média foi de 2,04º, porém sem diferença estatística significante entre ambos os grupos (t-test, p = 0,2700). Conclusão: Os dois sistemas avaliados proporcionaram desvios apicais mínimos e aceitável desgaste de dentina em raízes com curvaturas entre 20 e 40º.
O que o dentista deve saber sobre piercings bucal e perioral: revisão da literatura
Authors: Daniella Malhães de Souza  , Carolina Ferreira Soares  , Ana Carolina Santos de Carvalho  , Jéssica da Costa Matos Vieira  , Mirian de Waele Souchois de Marsillac
Published: February 2022

Atualmente, os piercings bucal e perioral são vistos com frequência nos consultórios odontológicos. Objetivo: Esta revisão de literatura teve como objetivo atualizar o conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas sobre os piercings bucais e periorais. Material e métodos: Uma busca (sem filtro) foi feita, em junho de 2019, na base de dados do Sistema Online de Busca e Análise de Literatura Médica (MEDLINE), mediante as palavras-chave: “mouth” AND “body piercing” AND “body modification, non-therapeutic”. Também foram usadas as seguintes palavras-chave: “boca” e “piercing corporal”, nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, já que o último termo não é indexado na língua portuguesa. Resultados: Essa busca resultou em 124 artigos. Após a remoção de artigos em duplicata, a sequência de exclusão adotou os critérios de leitura de título e resumo. Em seguida, alguns artigos com temas semelhantes (tipo de estudo ou relato de caso) foram excluídos. O principal fator de desempate considerado para tal foi a abrangência do artigo. Foram utilizados 39 artigos nesta revisão. Estudos relataram que vários indivíduos com piercings bucal e/ou perioral não têm conhecimento sobre as possíveis complicações dessa prática nem de como manter a higiene ideal da perfuração e dos adornos. Conclusão: Os profissionais de saúde bucal devem estar aptos a orientar os indivíduos que possuem piercings bucal e/ou perioral a retirá-los e a cessar o uso desses adornos ou joias por causa de potenciais complicações a médio e longo prazo para o sistema estomatognático. Também devem orientar os indivíduos que mesmo assim não os desejam remover sobre os cuidados relativos à higiene e alertá-los para que não desenvolvam hábitos deletérios com o uso desses adornos.
Covid-19: atuação dos residentes de Odontologia na atenção primária à saúde em um município da região metropolitana de Curitiba, PR
Authors: Aydée Dupret Leite Martins  , Heverton Siqueira Silva  , Eduardo dos Santos Rossi  , Maria Anita de Queiroz Arlant  , Ana Gabriela Lobo da Costa  , Lauren Bueno de Araujo  , Luana Portugal Vasovicz Ada  , Lucas Brunatti Oliveira  , Eduardo Pizzatto  , Marilene da Cruz Magalhães Buffon
Published: February 2022

O novo coronavírus (Sars-CoV-2) possui alta transmissibilidade, dada principalmente por gotículas e aerossóis, gerando assim alto risco para a equipe de saúde bucal. Para o enfrentamento desse quadro, é necessário destacar a importância da atenção primária à saúde, bem como a atuação na linha de frente dos residentes de Odontologia do Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família (PRMSF) da Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) e as ações desenvolvidas no município de Piraquara (PR), haja vista o cenário atual. Objetivo: O objetivo geral deste estudo foi descrever a experiência dos residentes em Odontologia do PRMSF da UFPR em relação às mudanças na atenção à saúde e às práticas desenvolvidas ante um problema de saúde de caráter global. Relato de experiência: O atendimento odontológico oferece alto risco de contaminação pelo Sars-CoV-2, porque a maioria dos procedimentos realizados gera aerossóis. Em razão da pandemia, novos protocolos de atendimento passaram a ser empregados, modificando a rotina de trabalho dos residentes de Odontologia do PRMSF, que passaram a realizar diversas atividades em diferentes setores da saúde. Conclusão: A atuação dos residentes na comunidade no âmbito da promoção da saúde e educação em saúde se mostrou de grande importância. A experiência adquirida no serviço de saúde com todas as situações vivenciadas durante a pandemia contribuiu para uma formação mais ampla e humanizada.
Oral manifestation in acute myeloid leukemia: case report
Authors: Marceli Dias Ferreira  , Milena de Moura Girardello  , Márcia Thais Pochapski  , Fábio André dos Santos
Published: February 2022

Oral changes can be the first signs and symptoms of systemic alterations. It is an alert to the dental surgeon, who can make an early diagnosis of a systemic alteration through oral alterations. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant immunosuppressive disease in which systemic alterations frequently lead to oral alterations as the first sign of the disease. The dentist must be attentive to the possible oral signs to make a quick diagnosis. Objective: To describe an unusual oral manifestation of AML, with gingival overgrowth and necrosis located on the interdental papilla on the upper central incisors. Case report: A 15-year-old female is described with AML. She presented the following oral changes as the first manifestations of the disease: gingival bleeding, petechiae, and gingival enlargement necrosis located on the interdental papilla on the upper central incisors. The dental surgeon performed an oral evaluation, and, following the clinical signs, the symptoms, and a hematological exam, AML was suspected. The patient was quickly referred to an oncologist, but she died due to the severity of the disease. Conclusion: Dentists and multidisciplinary teams have a fundamental role in the early diagnosis of diseases with primary signs in the oral cavity and caring for oncology patients.
Hipomineralização de dentes decíduos relacionada ao período de mineralização dental: relato de caso
Authors: Kamila Nogueira Borges da Costa  , Mariana Siqueira e Silva  , Clarissa Lopes Vieira  , Meire Coelho Ferreira
Published: February 2022

A hipomineralização do segundo molar decíduo é uma alteração do esmalte de origem sistêmica que pode vir acompanhada da hipomineralização do primeiro molar decíduo e também da do canino decíduo. Crianças com esse defeito estrutural tendem a apresentar sensibilidade dental e necessidades restauradoras. O tratamento pode abranger aplicação de agentes dessensibilizantes, produtos de prevenção de perda mineral e materiais restauradores. Objetivo: Relatar caso clínico de uma criança com diagnóstico de hipomineralização dos molares e caninos decíduos. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 3 anos de idade, compareceu à Clínica Odontológica Infantil da Universidade Ceuma com queixa de sensibilidade ao mastigar. A mãe queixou-se da estética apresentada pelos dentes comprometidos. Ao exame clínico, constatou-se hipomineralização nos dentes 53, 55, 63, 65, 74, 75, 83, 84 e 85. Os dentes sensíveis receberam quatro aplicações de laser infravermelho (3/3 dias), cinco aplicações de verniz fluoretado (semanalmente), restaurações provisórias (dentes 65, 75 e 85) e definitivas (dentes 55, 74 e 84) de cimento de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina e restaurações de resina composta (dentes 53, 63, 65, 75, 83 e 85). Conclusão: O tratamento mostrou-se satisfatório, uma vez que diminuiu a sensibilidade e a perda mineral adicional, além de recuperar a função e a estética dental.
Técnica de tunelização para tratamento de recessões gengivais múltiplas e isoladas em maxila e mandíbula: relato de caso
Authors: Leonardo Stephan Caporossi  , Cinthia Studzinski dos Santos  , Thiago Marchi Martins  , Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes Muniz  , Giana da Silveira Lima
Published: February 2022

Recessões gengivais podem ser consideradas uma das principais sequelas decorrentes de trauma oclusal e de escovação, e o uso de enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial é considerado o padrão ouro nesses casos. Objetivo: Demonstrar o recobrimento radicular pela técnica de tunelização, com o uso de enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial, para tratamento de recessões gengivais múltiplas e isoladas em maxila e mandíbula. Relato de caso: Este relato foi descrito conforme o Guia para Relatos de Casos. A paciente apontava insatisfação com a estética do sorriso e hipersensibilidade dentinária. Ao exame clínico, identificaram-se múltiplas recessões gengivais em maxila e mandíbula e desequilíbrio oclusal. Após a remoção dos fatores causais, foram realizados os procedimentos de recobrimento radicular em três momentos cirúrgicos distintos. As coletas de enxerto ocorreram na região de palato pela técnica linear. O caso tem três anos de acompanhamento, apresentando alta taxa de sucesso em termos de percentual de cobertura radicular e estabilidade dos resultados obtidos por meio de uma abordagem sem elevação de retalho e com a preservação da integridade das papilas. Conclusão: A técnica de tunelização e a remoção dos fatores causais demonstraram-se efetivas para o tratamento de diversos tipos de recessão gengival (isolada e múltipla, maxilar e mandibular).
Applying the Rasch Rating Scale Model (RSM) to investigate the rating scales function in survey research instrument
Authors: Chong Jimmy , Mokshein Siti Eshah , Mustapha Ramlee
Published: February 2022

The functionality and quality structure of a rating scale are vital in a survey instrument. This article discusses the underlying assumption of a rating scale and addresses the application of the Rasch Rating Scale Model (RSM) to diagnose the rating scale structure in a survey instrument. The instrument used to demonstrate the process of diagnosis a rating scale functioning in this study was the Vocational Teachers’ Assessment Literacy (VoTAL) instrument. The VoTAL instrument utilized the five-point Likert-type response format and consisted of 88 items representing three assessment literacy constructs. The data were obtained from 224 vocational teachers at five vocational colleges, which were randomly selected from the state of Selangor and the federal territory of Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia. The rating scale diagnosis results showed that the initial five steps of rating scale categories were not properly functioning as intended. It was found that the Andrich threshold of category three was disordered as it was not monotonically advance with categories. Additionally, the result also found that the width of the threshold between category three and category four was too narrow (0.66 logits). The results indicate that the rating scale used in the VoTAL instrument was disordered. Thus, it was suggested that the initial five rating step categories were collapsed down into four categories. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of assessing the rating scale’s functionality in a survey instrument to reduce measurement error and collect valid and reliable data.
Developing an assessment model to improve the Sundanese speaking skill of Indonesian middle school students
Authors: Kuswari Usep , Haerudin Dingding , Nugraha Haris Santosa
Published: February 2022

The study aims to develop an assessment model of Sundanese language speaking skills for junior high school students in West Java, Indonesia. This test model is expected to provide an effective assessment program, which includes contents, scope, delivery format, and time. A design-based research was adopted to produce a model of class-based Sundanese language and literature learning assessment via several tryouts, interviews, and expert judgment. Findings of this study show that the developed Sundanese Speaking Test Model (SSTM) fits the criteria of a good test in terms of clarity of instruction, clarity of test materials and assessment, use of communicative and standardized language, and use of correct varieties of spoken language. Statistical calculations of field tryout scores show that the assessment model was relevant to field data, indicating that the model is fit and worth using as an assessment instrument of Sundanese speaking skills of junior secondary school students as supported by theoretical concepts and expert judgment. Results of judgment by experts, users, and practitioners also show that the SSTM is reliable for use as an instrument for assessing students’ speaking skills at the middle school level.
Recent Progress in the Development of Molecular Electrocatalysts for Formate Oxidation
Authors:   Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08903, United States, Waldie Kate M. , Katipamula Sriram ,   Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08903, United States
Published: February 2022

Fuel cells based on renewable synthetic fuels are promising alternatives to fossil fuel combustion for efficient electricity production. Much focus has been placed on hydrogen as a chemical fuel, but being a flammable gas, there are challenges with its safe handling. Formic acid is an attractive liquid fuel for use in direct formic acid or formate fuel cells, and it can in principle be produced from the thermal or electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. Over the past ten years, advances have been made in the development of molecular catalysts for the electrochemical oxidation of formate, relevant to direct formic acid or direct formate fuel cells. In this review, we present the current state of the field for molecular catalysts that promote electrochemical formate oxidation. We highlight the activity and mechanism of each system, and comment on future directions in catalyst design.
Material Challenges and Opportunities in 3D Printing for Hip Implant Applications
Authors:   Advanced Materials Research Group, School of Engineering, Robert Gordon University, Riverside East, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen UK, Okolie Obinna , Stachurek Iwona ,   Łukasiewicz Research Network-Krakow Institute of Technology, 73 Zakopianska Street, Krakow 30-418, Poland, Kandasubramanian Balasubramanian ,   Rapid Prototyping Lab, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, Maharashtra, India, Njuguna James ,   Advanced Materials Research Group, School of Engineering, Robert Gordon University, Riverside East, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen UK,   National Subsea Centre, Visit us: 3 International Avenue, Dyce, Aberdeen, AB21 0BH, Scotland
Published: February 2022

There is a current need for tissue and organ repairs, replacement, and regeneration for patients who suffer from diseased or damaged tissues or organs. This situation is continuously on the rise and the supply of this form of therapy does not meet the patients demand mostly due to lack of donors and biocompatibility issues which causes immune system rejection of the implants. To succeed through these limitations, researchers are currently investigating the use of scaffolds as another approach for implants. The conventional scaffold fabrication technique is limited due to the precision of pore design. The 3D printing technology on the other side can produce an extracellular matrix with a higher degree of complexity and matching details such as pore size and geometry suitably based on certain factors including tissue engineering, hip biomechanism, material suitability, ethical standards, future, and challenges. This paper in particular focuses on materials challenges and opportunities addressing various issues at various levels to the materials-process-property relationship. It is comprehensive as it starts with hip biomechanism in gait and stress distribution to give the reader a clear perspective of the magnitude of challenges for hip implants and details to consider when designing the materials. This is followed by 3D printing for orthopaedic applications and 3D hip tissue regeneration. The hip replacement materials including polymers, composites, and metals are explored and correlated to conventional hip replacement materials. The work is concluded with some concluding remarks on opportunities, challenges, and future trends. The goal is to have scaffolds that have the capability of having a biomimicking design similar to the extracellular matrix with the advantage being the provision of structural supports for cell attachment, growth, and differentiation with the main goal of producing an operational organ or tissue. The knowledge derived from this review offers huge potential for providing a pathway for sustainable healing.
Validation of an algorithm for atrial fibrillation detection with an analog smartwatch: prospective interventional clinical study (Preprint)
Authors: Elie Valery
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Atrial Fibrillation (AF) affects one to 4% of the World’s population and is one of the major causes of stroke, heart failure, sudden death, and cardiovascular morbidity. It can be difficult to diagnose when asymptomatic or in the paroxysmal stage, and its natural history is not well understood. New wearables and connected devices offer an opportunity to improve on this situation.

OBJECTIVE

To validate an algorithm for the automatic detection of AF from a single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) taken with an analog watch.

METHODS

Eligible patients were recruited from 4 sites in Paris and its suburb area. Simultaneous 1-lead ECG captured by Withings smartwatch with embedded algorithm were recorded with 12-lead reference ECG. Automatic AF detection performance and algorithm-generated 1-lead ECG quality (visibility, polarity, interval durations, heart rate) were assessed. Sensitivity and specificity of the algorithm to detect AF and to discriminate if from normal sinus rhythm (NSR) were calculated.

RESULTS

Two hundred and sixty two patients were included in the final analysis: 100 AF, 113 NSR, 45 Other arrhythmia, 4 presented unreadable ECGs. Mean age was of 74.3 years ± 12.3 in the AF group versus 61.8 years old ± 14.3 and 66.9 years old ± 15.2 in the NSR and other arrhythmia groups respectively. 6.9% (18/262) were classified as “Noise” by the algorithm.
Excluding “Other” arrhythmia and “Noise”, the sensitivity to detect AF was of SeAF/NSR = 0.963 (0.894), and specificity of SpAF/NSR = 1.000 (0.967).
Visibility and polarity accuracies (1-lead ECG vs 12-lead ECG) were of:
P-waves: 96.9%/100%, QRS-complexes: 99.2%/98.8%, and T-waves: 91.2%/99.5% respectively. P-wave visibility accuracy was of 99% (99/100) in AF patients and of 95.7% (155/162) when excluding AF patients. Except for QT, mean difference absolute values for difference in PR duration and QRS width were below 3ms and more than 97% of these differences were below 40ms. Difference between HR calculated by the algorithm and device 1-lead ECG read by cardiologists being of 0.55 bpm ± 6.46.

CONCLUSIONS

Withings algorithm demonstrated great diagnostic performance for AF detection. 1-lead generated ECG also demonstrated good quality for physician use in daily routine care.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT04351386
Penamaan Objek Wisata di Wilayah Kabupaten Kuningan Jawa Barat
Authors: Aditya Didit
Published: February 2022

Kabupaten Kuningan terletak di ujung timur provinsi Jawa Barat, tepatnya berada di kaki gunung Ciremai yang merupakan gunung tertinggi di Jawa Barat. Secara geografis letak Kabupaten Kuningan sangat strategis karena berada di perbatasan antara dua provinsi yaitu provinsi Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah. Keindahan panorama alam, keunikan seni dan budayanya sebagai daya tarik bagi para wisatawan. Didukung dengan akses yang mudah serta infrastruktur yang memadai, Kabupaten Kuningan menjadi daerah tujuan wisata yang menarik. Dengan potensi wisata yang berlimpah keindahan alam pegunungan dan keunikan seni budaya sebagai potensi wisata, pemerintah Kabupaten Kuningan terus berupaya melakukan promosi melalui berbagai media. Pada sector wisata Kuningan merupakan salah satu wilayah yang memiliki banyak potensi alam. Di wilayah ini terdapat banyak objek wisata dengan pusatnya Gunung Ciremai sebagai salah satu Taman Nasional, pemandian air panas, wisata budaya, wisata sejarah, wisata religi dan lain-lain. Penamaan objek wisata merupakan salah satu hal terpenting yang tidak bisa dilewatkan begitu saja, nama yang menarik bahkan unik merupakan salah satu faktor yang akan membuat wisatawan penasaran dan tertarik untuk berkunjung. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah nama-nama objek wisata yang ada di wilayah Kabupaten Kuningan dengan analisis yang digunakan adalah etnosemantik untuk mengungkap asal usul dan latar belakang penamaan objek wisata di Kabupaten Kuningan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk satuan kebahasaan dalam penamaan, proses penamaan dan dinamika nama-nama objek wisata di wilayah Kabupaten Kuningan Jawa Barat. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif melalui observasi dan wawancara yang mendalam kepada beberapa informan dan objek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk nama-nama objek wisata di Kabupaten Kuningan mempunyai bentuk kebahasaan tersendiri, yang meliputi Bahasa Sunda, Bahasa Indonesia, dan beberapa menggunakan bahasa Inggris. Nama-nama objek wisata juga dipengaruhi oleh tiga aspek dalam penamaan, yaitu: aspek perwujudan, aspek kemasyarakatan, dan aspek kebudayaan. Makna yang terkandung dalam nama-nama objek wisata di wilayah Kabupaten Kuningan lebih banyak dikarenakan unsur kebudayaan. Terdapat dinamika nama-nama objek wisata di Kabupaten Kuningan dengan tujuan untuk menarik wisatawan.
Transitional Democracy in Emerging Societies, A Comparative Analysis between Taiwan and Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Ghazali Bello
Published: February 2022

It has been a quarter-century since when both Taiwan and Nigeria achieve civilian rule in 1996 and 1999 respectively. Nigeria experienced a setback by men in uniform amidst a beautiful beginning of its existence, and lasted for tens of years. Perhaps, the story is not much different from the rest of the African nations. Similarly, for decades, Taiwan encountered serious political turmoil, in fact, a crisis under a dominant overarching power of one party system. My research investigates democratic transition in Taiwan and Nigeria on a comparative basis. Nevertheless, the study proposes to examine some of the major factors that caused and brought about the transition as a living experience in these two different economies. This study will however, try to compare the political transitional process in these nations and its effects to the lives of their respective citizens and to the region they belong to. Egregious political legitimacy of absolutism in both Taiwan and Nigeria in pre-1990s generates direct reflection of democratization in these two emerging economies. The study concludes that the revolutionary wave that opens a new beginning in the European history, followed by the fall of Berlin Wall, lifting the Iron Curtain only to record the end of the Cold War, ousting communist regimes across Eastern Europe were among other forces that propelled democratic transition to replace tyranny with democratically elected leaderships in many parts of the world including in Taiwan and Nigeria.
Democratic Infractions and the Challenge of Good Governance in Africa: Building Moral Capacity for State Leadership
Authors: Adekeye Daniel O.
Published: February 2022

Politics determines or at least influences the direction of individual and national socio-economic condition. There is an interconnection and some form of dependency between politics and economy. Most of the prosperous industrialized economies of the world have stable and sustainable political systems. Hence, one could argue that the poor economic situation of most African nations cannot be explained outside the issues of political impropriety across the continent. The political process in many of the African states is characterized by abuses of all kinds such as electoral infractions, constitutional violations, human rights abuses and misappropriation of powers. Many traditional political systems in Africa have been eroded meanwhile foreign and imported political ideologies have failed to deliver such dividends of national socio-political and economic gains as is the case in their respective home fronts. This research discovers through exposition and critical analysis of literature and experience that the problem with politics in Africa is not essentially about the political ideologies either traditional or foreign but basically a problem of large-scale moral and ethical failing of people who are political actors of various levels, either as leaders or followers. The paper concludes by viewing this problem as an opportunity for building ethical leadership capacity resulting in a new political paradigm for good governance across Africa.
El diálogo entre los opuestos por medio de los personajes en A Tale of Two Cities de Charles Dickens
Authors: Galván Lisker Lia
Published: February 2022

Este artículo busca analizar, por medio de las estrategias de caracterización explicadas por Luz Aurora Pimentel, la transformación de ciertos pares de personajes en la conocida novela histórica de Charles Dickens A Tale of Two Cities (1859). En un inicio los pares de personajes de Alexander Manette y Ernest Defarge, Jarvis Lorry y Jerry Cruncher, y Charles Darney y Sidney Carton son retratados de manera que contrastan entre sí tanto de manera física como moral. Al inicio de la novela, Defarge, Cruncher y Carton comparten características como desapego emocional, deshonestidad y crueldad en distintos grados, mientras que Manette, Lorry y Darney son caracterizados como compasivos, honestos y solidarios. Sin embargo, a lo largo de la novela todos estos personajes revelan a través de sus acciones y discurso figural distintas maneras en las que llegan a ser similares a su aparente “contraparte”, pues para el final de ésta todos ellos comparten características con su par por medio de un proceso de convivencia y aprendizaje. Arguyo que el hecho de que se dé la posibilidad de una reformulación en la identidad de los personajes demuestra la existencia de una escala de grises entre los extremos morales representados en la novela, los cuales en un inicio aparentan ser inamovibles; esto, asimismo, desestabiliza concepciones como “héroe” y “villano”, al igual que las supuestas diferencias entre los personajes de ambos bandos.
Charles Dickens y las paradojas de la expansión imperial
Authors: Anaya Ferreira Nair María
Published: February 2022

La propuesta de Edward Said de leer e interpretar la literatura europea canónica, sobre todo del siglo xix, con una perspectiva contrapuntística, a contrapelo, ha abierto un vasto horizonte para identificar, analizar y cuestionar las ambivalencias de obras que por lo general han sido leídas con un enfoque cultural “occidental”. Tomando como punto de partida la premisa de que Dickens estaba consciente de los cambios y debates sociopolíticos de su tiempo, este artículo propone explorar algunas de las tensiones que subyacen su obra, en relación con las repercusiones que el imperio y su representación tenían sobre la mentalidad victoriana. Siguiendo la pauta de la crítica reciente sobre Dickens, planteo que el autor tenía una relación compleja con la empresa imperial y que con frecuencia la consideraba como nociva para la situación social de la isla, sobre todo en relación con la llamada “Cuestión de la condición de Inglaterra”, que utilizo como marco para mi argumento. En concordancia con Simon Gikandi, analizo algunos ejemplos de cómo la configuración identitaria británica articulada en el concepto de “Englishness” es, paradójicamente, resultado de la cultura colonial proveniente de los rincones del imperio.
El mundo surreal de Charles Dickens
Authors: Pimentel Luz Aurora
Published: February 2022

Si bien Charles Dickens es reconocido por ser un escritor realista con una aguda capacidad de observación de su entorno, este artículo considera que hay una dimensión de su obra que se ha dejado en segundo plano: la surreal. Este concepto se entiende como la creación de una suprarrealidad a partir de métodos que nada tienen que ver con el movimiento surrealista del siglo XX y que provocan una profunda sensación de extrañamiento a partir de las realidades más cotidianas. Así, se toma lo surreal por un producto de la conjunción entre realismo, humor y exuberancia en el estilo de Dickens, que en ocasiones deriva en el exceso que lo lleva a construir una suprarrealidad, como la que este artículo ejemplifica señalando lo absurdo de una burocracia (con respecto a la cual se está en franca oposición) que, como la niebla que invade muchas de las escenas londinenses descritas, termina por engullir todo y a todos los que la rodean. A partir del análisis de fragmentos de obras como Bleak House (1852-1853), Little Dorrit (1857) y Our Mutual Friend (1865), se muestra cómo Dickens apila detalles y repeticiones en un crescendo estilístico que siempre mueve a risa para desembocar, finalmente, en símbolo, en profunda crítica social o en ambos.
Interpretation of the Concept of Time and Space in "Days Gone By" by Abdullah Khadiry and "Mujong" by Lee Kwang Soo
Authors: Ulugbekovna Safarova Farida
Published: February 2022

Annotation: The article examines the interpretation of the concept of time and space in novels by leading Uzbek and Korean writers Abdullah Khadiry and Lee Kwan Su. In particular, Korean writer Lee Kwan Su's Majong and Uzbek novelist Abdullah Khadiry's "Days gone by" comment on the landscape of the period when these novels were created, and the ideas embodied in novels, the image of women, and the importance of women's problems. Keywords: concept, time and space, modern woman, kiseng, idea of enlightenment.
An Efficient Security Measure Extended Boolean Retrieval
Authors: Ramesh S. , Rao V. Venkatesawara
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The impact of Extended Boolean retrieval (EBR) has drastic changes over the decades and despite their significant advantages compared to either ranked keyword or pure Boolean retrieval. In particular, EBR models produce meaningful rankings; their query model allows the representation of complex concepts in an and-or format; and they are scriptable, in that the score assigned to a document depends solely on the content of that document, unaffected by any collection statistics or other external factors. Security is the major concern to make the queries retrieval and the entire data mining process. However, EBR is much more computationally expensive than the alternatives. We consider the implementation of the p-norm approach to EBR, and demonstrate that ideas used in the max-score and wand exact optimization techniques for ranked keyword retrieval can be adapted to allow selective by pass of documents via a low-cost screening process for this and similar retrieval models. We also propose term independent bounds that are able to further reduce the number of score calculations for short, simple queries under the extended Boolean retrieval model. Overall saving from 50 to 80 percent of the evaluation cost on test queries drawn from biomedical search. (Stefan Pohl, VOL. 24, NO. 6, JUNE 2012) Keywords: extended, boolen, model, EBR
Recognition of Hand Movements for Specially-Abled
Authors: Upmanyu Abhishek , Singh Arundhati , Sharma Siddharth
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The procedure through a user can make gestures to provide or deliver information is called Recognizing gestures. In daily life our physical gestures have proved to be an incredible tool of communication. An entire set of physical gesture man contribute to a whole language like that of the sign language. The have the ability to smoothly dispatch information, facts, emotions and feelings. Rightly so a combination of physical behaviour and emotional expression. Broadly speaking, hand gesture can be broken down into two categories: static gestures and dynamic gestures. For the initial type, the gesture the hand makes denotes a sign. For the type that follows which is dynamic gestures, there is a sequence of actions that takes shape of gestures, taking place which communicates certain message. Recognizing gestures can predict the intent of the user via a model without human interference. Recent times has seen tremendous amount of work done on designing, building, and upgrading existing Neural Network model into a different form of structure which carries the original purpose of classification but does so with even more promising accuracy and precision. The EfficientNet Model is one that has recently resurfaced. A model constructed by scaling the parameters of an existing Convolutional Neural Network. In this research, we suggest employing an EfficientNet Convolutional Neural Network to identify static hand motions. The process would involve extracting static hand gestures, converting them to gray scale to lessen the computational cost. Segregating the dataset obtained into training, testing, and validating datasets. Later in the upcoming Major Project, a CNN will be built with EfficientNet, and K-fold cross validation will be used for training and testing. We will later in the upcoming Major Project, compare our findings to earlier research and work done on the architecture of Neural Networks. Keywords: Hand Gestures, CNN, EfficientNet, ResNet, disability
EFFECT OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE, DER, DP, COMPANY SIZE ON COMPANY VALUE ON FOOD AND BEVERAGE SECTOR
Authors: Meilinita Napitupulu Yohana , Margareta Lentina Cibro Naisy , Masriani Br. Sembiring Desnita , Marselin Sarumaha Angel
Published: February 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of Financial Performance, DER, Dividend Policy, Current Ratio, Leverage, Company Size on firm value. This research was conducted on manufacturing companies in the food and beverage sub-sector for the 2018 –u 2020 period with a population of 33 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data used are the financial statements of each sample company published on the website www.idx.co.id. The research method used is descriptive analysis method and multiple linear regression analysis method. The dependent variable is firm value, while the independent variables are financial performance, DER, dividend policy, current ratio, leverage and firm size. The results of this study indicate that partially financial performance, DER, dividend policy, current ratio, leverage, firm size have an effect on firm value, but firm size has a significant effect on firm value
A Social Semiotic Analysis of Register Variables in the Indonesian Government-Distributed English Textbook
Authors: Yanto Elih Sutisna , Pravitasari Hikmah
Published: February 2022

While the inclusion of Genre-Based Approach (GBA) as language pedagogy globally has received extensive attention in recent years, research on evaluating ELT textbooks focusing on the register representation remains relatively scarce. Drawing on the framework of social semiotic text analysis as the functional variety of language and register theory: field, mode and tenor, the present study aimed to explore Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture-endorsed secondary school English textbook from the perspective of textbooks as “a resource for making meanings—language as a social semiotic.” The findings revealed that language textbooks should be viewed as sociocultural artifacts that feature register or the context of situation representation. This article examines the research question in what ways register variables are portrayed in one Indonesian Ministry of National Education-approved secondary school English textbook, which deploys various genres and discursive resources. This critical analysis reveals that verbal texts with different genres in the textbook represent a myriad of contexts of which both teachers and students need to become aware. The implication of this study suggests that both teachers and students need to equip with skills in analyzing and reading as well as in critical language awareness analysis. Both teachers and students should have the opportunity to engage critically with textbooks as a socio-semiotic agent, for instance.
FA‘ĀLIYAH USLŪB JIGSAW LI TARQIYYAH QUDRAH AL-ṬULLĀB ‘ALA FAHM AL-NAḤW BI MA’HAD DĀR AL-IHSĀN ACEH BESAR
Authors: Falah Moch. Fajarul , Husaini Husaini , Raju Mohd. Jaisar
Published: February 2022

Nahwu is one of the subjects of the Arabic language that is taught in schools under the auspices of Islamic institutes. The teacher used the book “Mutammimah Al-Ajrūmiyah” using the traditional methods at the Dar Al-Ihsan Institute, Aceh Besar. The researchers noticed that the teacher's teaching process did not consider the students' conditions, as they did not cooperate in the learning process, so the process of teaching and learning became boring for them. This condition affects their lack of understanding of the lesson. Therefore, this study aims to apply the cooperative learning method with the Jiqsaw method to improve the students' ability to understand the rules of grammar and identify the students' responses in the learning process and the teacher's efforts to overcome the problems that occur during the learning process. This research was conducted using the action research method in the classroom, and the research tools used were tests, questionnaires and observations. The research participants of this study are all students of the Dar Al Ihsan Institute, which numbered 518 students, while the sample taken is the fourth-grade students, numbering 27 students. As for the results of this research, the students' average score is 89.44, which indicates the effectiveness of this method in improving the students' ability to understand grammatical rules. The teacher overcomes the problem by discussing and using concept maps to make it easier for students to understand the lessons when learning and provide learning motivation so that they are happy when learning the language. Students' responses in the learning process are greatly improved.
FASTABIQ AL-KHAIRᾹT: ISLAMIC CONGREGATION AND EVERYDAY COMPETITION AMONG PURITAN AND TRADITIONALISTS MUSLIM IN ACEH
Authors: Syafieh Syafieh , Noviandy Noviandy , Amin Muhammad
Published: February 2022

This paper explores the contestation between Puritanism and traditionalism in Muslim communities focused oncase studies on the East Coast of Aceh by groups in urban religious recitation. The article addressing to the subject so far concludes that fundamentalism and traditionalism are two theological forces that are constantly in conflict with each other.This paper seeks to demonstrate that while interactions between the two groups are affected by doctrinal disputes, the two culturesare fairly effective in managing diversity, such that disparities in religious beliefs do not result in group tension and mass abuse.The data used in this research were collected through participatory evaluation, in-depth interviews and literature studies.Finally, this paper shows that the Acehnese people's ability to care for tolerance, although it seems clear that the practical tolerance practiced by the people who are the subjects of this research has been redefined and contextualized in line with the situation of a community dominated by traditionalist Muslim groups.
Fundos patrimoniais, matchfunding e o blockchains para as artes e a cultura
Authors: Ficheira Carolina
Published: February 2022

Este artigo evidenciará três diferentes estratégias de captação de recursos encontradas no mundo e que beneficiam o setor das artes e da cultura: matchfunding, fundos de investimentos e a tecnologia blockchain. Os modelos mencionados vão além do financiamento público - direto e indireto e promovem ao campo possibilidades de sustentabilidade econômica.
A imagem da capa
Authors: Cruz Gabriel Filipe Santiago
Published: February 2022

A Escolha para a ilustração da Capa da 17ª Edição da Revista Diálogo da Economia Criativa, com o Dossiê dos 2º e 3º SEANIMA (Seminário Brasileiro de Estudos em Animação), buscou seguir a proposta de trazer alguém que contribuísse com um importante diálogo do mercado com a pesquisa acadêmica no mundo da animação. Proposta que segue o pensamento tanto do Mestrado Profissional em Gestão da Economia Criativa da ESPM Rio quanto da própria organização do SEANIMA.
Effort to Improve Overall Equipment Effectiveness Performance with Six Big Losses Analysis in the Packaging Industry PT BMJ
Authors: Azizah Fahriza Nurul , Rinaldi Dimas Nurwinata
Published: February 2022

Increasing productivity is very important for companies to gain success in their business processes. This paper describes a case study of a manufacturing company that produces packaging products. PT BMJ is one of the companies engaged in the packaging industry. Low productivity and increased product demand for Offset machines becomes quite an important issue in the company, so that it becomes the objects of this research. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is one of the methods that can measure machine effectiveness with three assessment factors, namely: availability, performance, and quality. Measurement of the OEE value and analysis of six big losses are carried out as an effort to increase the OEE value of machines and improve the production system in the company. The root cause of the problem is identified by using a causal diagram to be able to provide several suggestions for improvements. Based on the results comparison of OEE value before and after the implementation of improvement on the Offset machine, these improvements can increase the OEE value by 7.13% in two month implementation. Although the increase in OEE has not yet reached the criteria for World Class OEE, the proposed improvement has been able to reduce six big losses and increase the value of OEE.
Choice and impact of sustainability assurance standards on firm value
Authors: Rao Sunita S. , Nathan Siva , Juma Norma
Published: February 2022

The paper examines the factors that influence the selection of a sustainability assurance standard. Additionally, it examines the link between assurance standards and firm performance. Four categories for the selection of an assurance standard are deployed. Effect estimates in models are based on data obtained from GRI. The sample consists of 4372 assured companies from the years 2009–2015, most companies (90.19%) are headquartered outside the US. Both multinomial and multilevel logistic regression models are utilized to determine the factors that are associated with the selection of sustainability assurance standards. Results show that the type of assurance provider is significantly related to the choice of a sustainability assurance standard. Additionally, firms choose to seek assurance and use either AA1000 assurance and/or ISAE3000 despite the negative returns shown by Tobin’s Q, Raw Returns, Market-Adjusted Returns, and Size-Adjusted Returns. Understanding why certain assurance standards are selected will help auditors shed light on the sustainability assurance process and provide a benchmark for making improvements. For investors, the assurance standards selected will provide a signal of whether assurance provided was for quantitative or qualitative information or both in the sustainability area. This, in turn, will affect investor interest in the companies and have an impact on their valuation. This is the first study to examine a setting where there is more than one assurance standard available. Furthermore, it also examines the influence of using assurance standards on yearly returns.
Rationalising Rule Violation in the Case of the Chernobyl Disaster: Six Systematic Excuses
Authors: Danka István , Tanács János
Published: February 2022

This paper investigates how rule violations that contributed to the Chernobyl nuclear disaster were able to happen. Bringing to the surface what is implicit in historical documents, we argue that six excuses can be identified that could have allowed the operators to rationalise their rule violations. These excuses could have affected how the operators interpreted the applicability of the rules to the situation(s) they were involved in, leading them to ultimately violate the operational rules. As a theoretical consequence, rule-following as (com)pliance or obedience is to be taken as a necessary but insufficient condition of rule-following. As a practical consequence, the concept of ‘excuses’ can also help to anticipate as well as prevent rule-breaking behaviour in similar future cases.