bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Balance Analysis of No.1 Sinter Machine at Baosteel
Authors: Guan Zhi Gang , He Zhi Jun
Published: September 2013

On the basis of the thermal balance, the exergy balance of No.1 sinter machine at Baosteel was analyzed. The exergy efficiency is lower than the thermal efficiency. The main exergy loss are focused on physical water evaporation exergy of sintering mixture, chemical incomplete combustion exergy, irreversible exergy loss of ignition process, irreversible exergy loss of sintering process. The measures of saving exergy of sinter machine are proposed. The exergy efficiency can be increased by increasing the sintering material layer thickness and the temperature of the mixture, reducing the moisture of mixture, choosing the reasonable fuel particle size and particle size distribution, controlling minimum air-fuel ratio, improving material layer permeability and using hot air sintering.
Effects of Emulsifier Concentration on Nucleation Mode of Emulsion Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate
Authors: Xiao Xiao Qin , Wang Hong , Mei Li Bao , Sun Yan Lin
Published: September 2013

The preparation of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) emulsions by semicontinuous dropping method is studied in this paper. The nucleation mode of emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) under different emulsifier (SDS) concentrations is investigated. Some factors such as conversion, particle number (Np), particle size (PS), polydispersion index (PDI) and coverage rate were examined. The results show that when [SD is close to the CMC (eg. 6mmol/L to 10mmol/L), micelle nucleation will dominates and homogeneous nucleation can coexist, and Np fluctuates. But when [SD is less than 4mmol/L, the homogeneous nucleation dominates and micelle nucleation may also coexist, but Np is constant. It can be concluded that whether the [SD is above or below the CMC, the homogeneous nucleation and micelle nucleation can coexist in the system, but different factors affect the particle number.
Preparation and Characterization of Hyperbranched Silicone Oil by Hydrosilylation Reaction
Authors: Liu Zhu , Liu Hua Shi , Guan Rui Fang , Zhou Chuan Jian
Published: September 2013

Hyperbranched silicone oil was prepared using low-polyhydrosiloxane and vinyl terminated methylphenyl silicone oil as the raw materials through hydrosilylation reaction. The structures and properties of hyperbranched silicone oil were characterized through 1H NMR, TG and dynamic viscosity. The influence on synthesis of hyperbranched silicone oil was discussed, which was caused by ratio of different raw materials. When molar ratio of Si-H bond and Si-Vi bond of raw materials was 3.5:1 (mol), the reaction degree of hyperbranched silicone oils double bond was as high as 80%. At room temperature and 100°C, comparing the dynamic viscosity of hyperbranched silicone oil and straight chain silicone oil, we found that viscosity decrease rate of hyperbranched silicone oil was obviously lower. TG curve of hyperbranched silicone oil and straight chain silicone oil also certified that the hyperbranched silicone oil has higher thermal stability than the straight chain phenyl silicone oil. Therefore hyperbranched silicone oil is more suitable for the preparation of high-performance elastic clay than straight chain silicone oil.
Effect of Barium Stearate on the Thermal Stability of Polyvinyl Chloride
Authors: Lu Yi Heng , Liu Wei Long , Wei Feng , Ma Shuang Chun
Published: September 2013

Thermal degradation reaction kinetics of PVC stabilized by barium stearate were studied by means of the non-isothermal weight-loss technique under a nitrogen atmosphere. The results show that the lowest decomposition temperature is greater than 203.6°C and 217.2°C in the conversion rate of 5% and 10% respectively. When the heating rate β is 10°C/min, at 200°C and 225°C the remaining mass from the sample with barium stearate was 99.1% and 95.3%, respectively. The thermal decomposition process occurred in three stages, the results calculated by various methods show that the average apparent activation energy in first, second and third phase is 79.88kJ/mol, 89.37kJ/mol and 187.34kJ/mol respectively. In the initial reaction ( α<18%), as heating rate is 20°C/min, the decomposition reaction is controlled by the (A1.5) mechanism.
Studies on In Vitro Release Performance of Hydrophilic Drugs and Lipophilic Drugs in Amphiphilic SIS-Based Hot-Melt Pressure Sensitive Adhesives
Authors: Hu Yong Nan , Wang Qing , Sun Yu Ming , Li Xiao Hui , Che Xin Yi , Zhang Hai Hong
Published: September 2013

In order to fabricate a kind of amphiphilic hot-melt pressure sensitive adhesives (HMPSAs) suitable for transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) of natural medicines, SIS-based hot-melt pressure sensitive adhesives were modified by a melt-blending method, in which a kind of hydrophilic poly (ethyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate-co-trimethylammonioethyl methacrylate chloride) (RLPO) and polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG2000) were utilized. Functional RLPO and its plasticizer PEG2000 worked as a hydrophilic skeleton of amphiphilic HMPSAs. SEM and FT-IR results indicated that RLPO and SIS were partially compatible with each other through n-π complex between the n electrons of the carbonyl group of RLPO and the π electrons of the benzene rings of SIS and their compound had a good thermal stability. The phase microscope images showed that PEG could improve the compatibility between RLPO phase and SIS phase. As the ratio of SIS/RLPO/PEG equaled to 1/2/1.6, their compounds obtained bi-continuous structures. Geniposide (logP<0) and oleanic acid (logP=9.0) were chosen as representatives of hydrophilic drugs and lipophilic drugs, respectively. It was observed that both hydrophilic drugs and lipophilic drugs had a continuous release in the optimized amphiphilic HMPSAs. In addition, the release behavior of hydrophilic geniposide could be controlled by adjusting the ratio of RLPO to PEG.
Effects of Emulsifier Concentration on Nucleation Mode of Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene
Authors: Mei Li Bao , Xiao Xiao Qin , Li Yong , Sun Yan Lin
Published: September 2013

The nucleation mode of emulsion polymerization of styrene under different emulsifier (SDS) concentrations is studied in this paper. Some factors such as conversion, particle number (Np), fraction of coverage, polydispersion index (PDI) and particle size distribution (PSD) of the reactions were investigated. The results show that when [SD is less than its CMC, homogeneous nucleation dominates. But when [SD is more than its CMC, micelle nucleation plays the major role.
Preparation and Research of Polymolybdate/Polymer Composite Membrane by Electrospinning and its Photo-Catalytic Property
Authors: Zhang Zhi Ming , Li Ting Ting , Liu Ce
Published: September 2013

Composite cellulosic membrane of PMMA and phosphomolybdic acid was prepared by electrospinning. During the progress, the factor of electrospinning and the optimum parameters was found out within the orthogonal combination experiment program. Then the morphology of the composite cellulosic membrane was observed by polarizing microscopy. To resolve PMMA, DMF and anhydrous alcohol were used. When their ratios were 1:1, the diameter of the fibre was the most homogeneous. During the electrospinning, the concentration of PMMA was the most important factor. When the concentrations were less then 10%, there were hardly fibres on the foil. The diameter of the fibre ranged from 0.5 to 1.2 μm along with the increment of the concentration of PMMA. The addition of phosphomolybdic acid made the diameter of the fibre decrease. IR-spectra showed that phosphomolybdic acid kept its Keggin structure, and it interacted with PMMA through hydrogen bond. The composite cellulosic membrane changed its color when imposed in bright space. UV spectra represented that the composite cellulosic membrane had a strong absorption peak at 700nm.
Study on the Poly (ether sulfone) Microfibers
Authors: Wang De Hui , Zhang Tian Jiao , Zhang Dai Jun , Bao Jian Wen , Liu Zheng Jie
Published: September 2013

Microfibers have huge potential applications in many fields due to their unique properties. However, the high performance thermoplstic microfibers were rarely reported. In this work, Poly (ether sulfone) Microfibers were first successfully prepared by melt extrusion of immiscible blends of PES, Polyamide 6 ( PA6 ), and subsequent removal of PA6 component. The morphologies of the PES microfibers were characterized by SEM. The experimental results showed the PES microfibers exhibited interconnected structures between the fibers and the average diameter was about 150 nm. The present PES microfiber may be applied to the development of ultrafiltration membranes materials.
Study of the Parameters of Lightweight Polymer-Cement Repair Mortars Exposed to High Temperatures
Authors: Melichar Tomáš , Bydžovský Jiří
Published: September 2013

The article examines the research aimed at studying the basic physico-mechanical parameters of polymer-cement repair mortars with a modified composition. The objective of a composition modification was to achieve the parameters characteristic of fire-resistant repair mortars. For research purposes, a lightweight sintered aggregate-based ash body was used along with polymer fibres based on polyolefin. It was suggested to use a few recipes that have been subjected to high temperature stress up to 1200 °C. Subsequently the suitability of the formula composition was verified by determining the essential characteristics visual assessment of the structure, density, compressive strength and flexural strength. The results point to the suitability of the proposed formulas, although this will be verified by setting other essential material characteristics.
A Comparative Study on Production of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete by Coal Gangue Fly Ash
Authors: Zhang Ye , Duan Peng Xuan , Jia Bao Sheng , Li Lei
Published: September 2013

In this paper, compared with common fly ash, the low-silicon coal gangue fly ash is used to produce fly ash autoclaved aerated concrete. The influences of water binder ratio, coal gangue fly ash content, calcareous content and conditioning agents on the compressive strength of the autoclaved aerated concrete are investigated. The results indicate the coal gangue fly ash has different properties from the common fly ash such as its granule appearance and the activity as AAC siliceous raw material. It is noting that the coal gangue fly ash can also be used to prepare AAC blocks by optimizing the raw material formulation and procedure and its B05 product can reach the China top industrial standard.
Physical Properties of Waste Concrete Recycled Aggregates According to Coating Factor
Authors: Jang Young Il , Lee Byung Jae , Bae Jun Young
Published: September 2013

The physical properties of waste concrete recycled aggregate according to the mixing ratio of the coating agent and the number of coatings investigated in this study. As the result, the Density of recycled aggregate increased, as the mixing ratio of the coating agent and the number of coatings increased. The percent of water absorption decreased rapidly for all coating conditions, and potential contamination test showed that among 21 items of concern, five were detected. The compressive strength of the water-permeable concrete increased by approximately 16.2% as produced with coated recycled aggregate.
Influences of Environment-Friendly Additives on Electrochemical Properties of Aluminum Anode Materials in 4 Mol/L KOH Solution
Authors: Yu Zu Xiao , Hao Shi Xiong , Fu Qing Shan
Published: September 2013

To increase active property of aluminum anode material and decrease its corrosion rate, the effect of urotropine ((CH2)6N4) and saturated Ca (OH)2 environment-friendly additives on electrochemical behaviors of aluminum anode (99.999%) has been investigated by adding urotropine and saturated Ca (OH)2 into 4 mol/L KOH solution. The results show that additive urotropine ((CH2)6N4) can decrease the hydrogen-segregation and can increase activation property of aluminum anode greatly. With 1.0 % (w) of urotropine ((CH2)6N4) and saturated Ca (OH)2 addition in 4mol/L KOH solution, the corrosion current of aluminum anode becomes to minimum; its corrosion-inhibition ratio gets high to 87.3%. At the-1.20 V potential the current density of aluminum anode reaches to 37.7 mA.cm-2; the open circuit potential (Eocp) moves negatively and greatly to-1.815 V.
Discussions on the Construction Technology of the Vibrating Inserting Rod Long Auger Bored Pile-CFA
Authors: Wang Jiu Jun
Published: September 2013

The vibrating inserting rod Long Auger Bored pile is a new technology of pressure grouting pile based on the development in the long spiral drilling. On the basis of introducing the method of traditional slurry drilled pile, this paper analyzes advantages of the vibrating inserting rod Long Auger Bored pile, the construction process and key points in detail, summarizes the causes of common quality defects of the vibrating inserting rod Long Auger Bored cast-with-pressure and their solutions.
Microscopic Mechanism Research on Airport Pavement Ultra-High-early Strength Concrete Patching Material
Authors: Li Wei Guang , Zhou Zhi Mi , Ye Chang Yong , Tian Yao Gang , Tian Zhi Ren , Shan Hong Yu , Ye Qing
Published: September 2013

This article deals with the microstructure and mechanism of action of ultra-high-early strength concrete patching material through the three modern testing means: XRD, DTA and SEM .The results show that a large quantity of Aft and AFM are generated in the initial stage of the reaction in the patching material and hinge with each other to form an initial skeleton, so there is a high early strength in the macro performance. Meanwhile, there exists a significant reduction in the number of Ca (OH) 2 crystals which is detrimental to the structure, and a growing number of CSH gel are generated and uniformly filled in the initial skeleton, resulting in the formation of a dense structure. Furthermore, the addition of mineral admixtures improves the interface structure of the concrete, thus making the late strength of the concrete stable.
The Status Analysis of Constitutive Relation and Parameters of Soil Dynamics
Authors: Cai Cong , Tian Yong Ding , Cui Ling Zhi , Zhang Jia Qi , Ma Chao Chao
Published: September 2013

This article describes the research progress and the development situation of soil dynamics. The soil dynamic constitutive model, dynamic test methods and research status of dynamic parameters are mainly discussed. Finally, some existing problems on the study of soil dynamic characteristics are proposed.
Damage Evaluation of Concrete Based on Acoustic Emission b-Value
Authors: Xu Zheng Zheng , Wang Yan , Wu Sheng Xing , Wang Yao
Published: September 2013

Acoustic emission (AE) is capable of real time continuous monitoring and it's not sensitive to the geometry of components,so it's widely used in nondestructive testing of concrete. The AE b-value occupies an important position in the study of concrete damage evaluation as a parameter of AE technology. The basic theory of AE b-value and the related technical problems of AE b-value calculation was discussed. Then the research of AE b-value on concrete was reviewed. At last, the AE b-value in the damage process of cement mortar (CM) and polypropylene diber reinforced mortar (PFRM) under compression was studied and concluded that the trend of AE b-value of CM and PFRM was obviously different.The AE b-value is closely related to the formation and propagation of cracks in the damage process of concrete and it declines rapidly before final fracture occurs.
Effect of Shape and Size of Concrete Specimens on Test Result of Chloride Migration Coefficient
Authors: Chen Jian , Fang Yong Hao , Zhu Cheng Hui
Published: September 2013

The chloride migration coefficients of concrete specimens with different shapes and different sizes were tested with modified rapid chloride migration test. The results indicate that the shape and thickness of concrete specimens slightly affect the test results of chloride migration coefficient of concrete specimens; When the size of the diffusion face of the specimen is larger than the electrode plates of the cell, the measured chloride migration coefficient will be a little smaller. The thickness, thus the electrode space also has effect on the test results, the thicker the specimen, the smaller the chloride migration coefficient measured. The effect is larger for that the specimen with the migration face larger than the electrode plates of the cell than those about the same size with the electrode plates
Jacking Force Controlling Technique of PC Beam Flexible Piers Based on Multiple Points Pushing Method
Authors: Zhu Cheng , Li Rui , Zhang Zhi Yun
Published: September 2013

With the advantages such as shortening the construction period, not affecting the relative navigation and effectively reducing the construction cost, jacking construction technology has been widely applied, as the construction method compared with other conventional construction method is more complicated, it is necessary to discuss the control technology of jacking force during the construction process.
Failure Analysis of a Composite Frangible Cover Based on Transient Dynamics
Authors: Zeng Wei , Jiang Yi
Published: September 2013

The failure analysis of a fly through frangible canister cover is studied based on transient dynamics via the finite element method. The cover, which is fabricated with five plan-liked parts, is cohesively bonded together forming several weak paths. Five test specimens are designed according to the length of bonded fiber cloth. The cover is subjected to an impulsive blast and the failure process is obtained and analyzed. The failure pressure and time are determined at different cloth length. The result shows that the failure pressure and the corresponding time rise as the length of bonding layer increases.
Kinetics and Thermodynamics Studies of Monascus Red Dyeing on Wool
Authors: Shen Jia Jia , Chen Xu Ming
Published: September 2013

The mechanism of monascus red pigment dye on wool fiber was studied by analyzing of dyeing kinetics and thermodynamics. The results showed that the dyeing rate is quite high at the beginning of dyeing at 70°C-100°C.The diffusion coefficient rise while half-dyeing time decrease With the temperature rise. Its adsorption accords with the combination of Nernst and Langmuir adsorption model. Its enthalpy and entropy of dyeing was 15.21kJ/mol and 46.87J / (mol·K) respectively, which show that wool dyeing with monascus red is a endothermic process. This theoretical is useful to built dyeing process for wool fiber with monascus red.
Characteristics of Hydrated Calcium Silicate and Paper Filler
Authors: Liu Quan Xiao , Yin Yan Na , Xu Wen Cai
Published: September 2013

The X-ray diffraction of hydrated calcium silicate is analyzed and is applied in papermaking. It shows that hydrated calcium silicate have certain crystalline state. The tensile strength, tearing strength and folding strength of paper decrease in different degree with the increase of dosage of hydrated calcium silicate while the whiteness and the printing color density of paper improve. T tensile strength and folding strength of paper decrease in varying degrees with the increase of dosage of PAM while the tearing strength of paper and the whiteness improve. And the printing color density of paper is the same.
A Study of Basic Properties of Cellulose Ether Modified Dry-Mixed Mortar
Authors: Duan Peng Xuan , Zhang Ye , Li Ying
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the quality evaluation indexes of cellulose ether (CE) modified dry-mixed mortar are proposed by the comparison of properties of contrast mortar. The technical indexes of CE modified mortar include water retention, anti-sliding value, time difference of final set and the tensile bond strength ratio which give a good guidance for the application effect evaluation of cellulose used in dry-mixed mortar.
The Effect of Water Stress on the Fluorescence Parameters and Growth of Sophora japonica 'Golden Stem'
Authors: Liao Fei Yong , Wen Ying , Xie Ying
Published: September 2013

The effect of soil water stress on the physiology of Sophora japonica Golden stem was studied in order to reduce the irrigation water. The results showed that the growths of the plants were suppressed after treated with flooding for 15 days, which was embodied in the decreasing of qP, ETR, Fv/Fm and the content of pigment, the increasing of the content of MDA and qN. The growth and appearance of plants were suppressed after flooded for 23 days. The drought stress suppressed the growth of plants, which was embodied in the decreasing of qP, ETR, Fv/Fm, the content of pigment, the water content of leaves, the increasing of the content of MDA, qN after treated for 19 days. The qP, ETR, content of pigment were increased after treated with slight drought or middle drought for 19 days. The best irrigation method for Sophora japonica Golden stemin the landscape land was the content of water in the soil between 18% and 30%, which did not affect the growth or landscape effects. The application of S. japonica Golden stem in the landscape and architecture should be avoided in the place which would be flooded for more than 15 days
Carbon Capture Performance of Amino-Modified MIL-101 at Room Temperature
Authors: Yang Yi , Wang Zheng Ping , Meng Ling , Wang Lian Jun
Published: September 2013

MIL-101, a metal-organic framework material, was synthesized by the high-temperature hydrothermal method. Triethylenetetramine (TETA) modification enabled the effective grafting of an amino group onto the surface of the materials and their pore structure. The crystal structure, micromorphology, specific surface area, and pore structure of the samples before and after modification were analyzed with an X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, specific surface and aperture tester, and infrared spectrometer. The carbon dioxide adsorption properties of the samples were determined by a thermal analyzer before and after TETA modification. Results show that moderate amino modification can effectively improve the microporous structure of MIL-101 and its carbon dioxide adsorption properties. After modification, the capacity of MIL-101 to adsorb carbon dioxide decreased only by 0.61 wt%, and a high adsorption capacity of 9.45 wt% was maintained after six cycles of adsorption testing at room temperature and ambient pressure.
Experimental Research on the Effects of Dimension on the Impact Damage of CFRP Laminates
Authors: Zhang A Ying , Zhang Zhi Jun , Jia Zhen , Zhang Ye , Zhang Dong Xing
Published: September 2013

The effects of thickness on the impact damage of composite laminates were discussed in this paper. Impact tests for the composite laminates with the size of 600 mm×700 mm with three different thicknesses were subjected to impact energy levels from 5 J to 40 J. The crater depth and matrix length were investigated according to different energy levels and different thicknesses. The impact damage was evaluated by visual inspection, three-dimensional microscope. The experimental results reveal that the crater depth and the crack length increase with the increasing impact energy. The thickness had the negative effects on the impact damage of the specimens at the same impact energy.
A Comparative Study on Preparation of High Strength Gypsum by Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Natural Gypsum
Authors: Zhang Ji Xiu , Duan Peng Xuan , Zhang Ye
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGD) generated from thermal power plant is used to produce high strength gypsum. Compared with the properties of high strength gypsum using natural gypsum, the basic properties of super high strength gypsum prepared by FGD gypsum are investigated based on the test results of strength, thermal expansion rate, crystal appearance and size. The results indicate there is little difference of the properties of high strength gypsum prepared by FGD gypsum and natural gypsum. And furthermore, the FGD gypsum can be used as the good raw material of high strength gypsum preparation instead of natural gypsum.
The Impacts of Heat Treatment on the Material Structure and Properties of Mg-4.0Zn-1.0Ca-0.6Zr Bio-Medical Materials
Authors: Zhang Xue Fei , Zhou Tian Guo , Guan Ren Guo , Cui Tong
Published: September 2013

The Mg-4.0Zn-1.0Ca-0.6Zr alloy was prepared through casting-homogenizing-rolling and the study was made on the alloy microstructure as well as mechanical properties under different heat treatment processes. The result shows that, alloy sheets have their hardness and tensile strength rising at the first phase and inclining later with the extension of aging time, in which the maximum values gained at 12h i.e. 71.2HV and 320MPa accordingly. At 8h of aging the extensibility obtained maximum value of 19.2%, then the value reduced gradually with the continuous aging time. The mechanical properties of alloy sheets increased after tempering process, the reason should be that, inside of the crystal particles rich amount of Mg6Ca2Zn3 and MgZn strengthening phases were separated out.
Response Surface Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction Conditions of Anthocyanins from Black Soybean Hull
Authors: Jiang Yi Hua , Jiang Xin Long
Published: September 2013

Surface response optimization of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) conditions of anthocyanins from black soybean hull with the factors of ethanol concentration, microwave power, extraction time, solid/liquid ratio (g:mL) on the yield of anthocyanin were studied. The results showed that ethanol concentration and ratio of liquid to solid had most important influence; the interaction of ethanol concentration and ratio of liquid to solid,interaction of microwave power and extraction time had significant influence on extraction anthocyanins from black soybean hull. The optimum extracting conditions of anthocyanin from black soybean hull were as follows: adding 1:40.00 (m:v) of 60.35% alcohol (pH2.0) and extracting for 74.26 s under the power of 237.86 W.
Impact of DOM in Reclaimed Water on Nitrogen/Phosphate Adsorption in Sediments
Authors: Zhou Chun Fa , Ning Zi Gong , Zhao Wei , Li Yun Kai , Liang Ming Chao , Shi Ze , Yang Pei Ling , Ouyang Zhi Yun
Published: September 2013

The nitrogen and phosphate were regarded as the target pollutants in this paper to study the balance of adsorption / desorption to nitrogen and phosphate, the adsorption dynamic characteristics under the action of four kinds of urban rivers and lakes sediments in Beijing as well as the impact of DOM in reclaimed water to absorb nitrogen and phosphate. Results show that: the processes of sorption of nitrogen and phosphate in the four sediments could be described by the Linear and Freundlich models, while the adsorption-desorption goes with hysteresis effect. The adsorption of nitrogen and phosphate were inhibited by DOM in reclaimed water, with an adsorption coefficient Kd decreasing by 0.04% -56.88%, reaching a significant level (confidence level α = 0.05);And DOM increased the nonlinear parameter 1/n, up to 2.20 times at most, resulting in a lower adsorption stable.
Bioinformatic Analysis of rbcL Gene in Lilium
Authors: Xiong Yong , Zhao Chun Yan , Yang Cui
Published: September 2013

Used sequence diversity of chloroplast rbcL gene sequence to analyze Lilium phylogeny, structured model of the rbcL protein secondary structure and tertiary structure form Lilium superbum. There were 26 variable sites and 12 parsimony-informative sites by analyzing 1378bp rbcL sequences of 17 Lilium species. The main nucleotide variable type was base transversion. The main variable region form 560bp to 852bp and form1200bp to1371bp. Structured phylogeny tree with N-J method, four types of the 17 Lilium species were clustered, respectively Asian hybrid group, American hybrid group (two branches), and longiflorum hybrids group. Longiflorum hybrid system (nine Lilium species ) was divided into four sub-categories. Structured protein secondary structure of rbcL protein of Lilium superbum, there were 18 alpha helixes, 17 beta sheets and some turn angles. The hydrophobic analysis was hydrophilic protein. 3D model was structured by homology comparative SWISS-Model online. The scores of most amino acid residues in the 3D conformation of the rbcL protein were positive and within are asonable range.
Research on Nong'an Oil Shale Hydraulic Breaking
Authors: Mao Jian She , Sun You Hong , Wen Ji Wei , Chen Chen
Published: September 2013

Oil shale is a very important alternative energy, hydraulic mining is an effective method for oil shale utilization in Jilin Province. For the Nong'an oil shale in Jilin Province, the average compressive strength of horizontal bedding is 17.14MPa, and the average compressive strength of vertical bedding is 10.90MPa. For cone straight-shaped nozzle, when the jet pressure P is 10MPa and the nozzle outlet diameter d is 1mm, striking force generated by the jet is 15.65N, it can break the oil shale.
Development of Thermal Barrier Coatings on AZ91 Magnesium Alloy Surface
Authors: Gao Pei Hu , Li Jian Ping , Yang Zhong , Guo Yong Chun , Wu Yong Xing , Liu Ji Lin , Yang Zhi Lin , Wang Yan Rong
Published: September 2013

In this paper, MCrAlY bonding layer was prepared through high velocity-oxygen fuel spray on the AZ91 magnesium alloy surface. 8wt%YSZ ceramic layer was deposited on the surface of bonding layer through atmospheric plasma spraying. The coatings were characterized by XRD and SEM. The hardness of the coating was tested. The coefficients of thermal expansion of the coating were measured through TMA. It was found that there were un-melted 8YSZ particles surrounded by melted particles layer by layer. Parts of ZrO2 transited from cubic to tetragonal. The microhardness of the YSZ coating and bonding layer were 832.1Hv0.3 and 700.3Hv0.3, respectively. The coefficients of thermal expansion of the magnesium alloy, MCrAlY layer and YSZ coating were 42.46 ×10-6·k-1, 15.26 ×10-6·k-1, 9.28 ×10-6·k-1, respectively. The bonding coat matched the magnesium alloy substrate and the YSZ coating well. The dimension of AZ91 magnesium alloy sample was very stabilized before and after coating deposition.
Anti-Corrosion Performance of Four Hot Dip Galvanizing Bolts
Authors: Li Guo Xin , Xia Shan Jing , Peng Yi Liang
Published: September 2013

The hot-dip galvanizing coating can promote the anti-corrosion performance of the bolts in outdoor steel structure engineering. But the anti-corrosion performance cannot match that of the steel due to the centrifugal process. In this paper, the anti-corrosion performance of four kinds of bolts obtained from different company was researched by the neutral salt spray test method. The results show that the anti-corrosion performance of the all four bolts was unsatisfactory. The reasons were studied through testing the thickness of the coating, coating uniformity, surface morphology and elemental composition. The results show that the causes are the lower thickness of the hot-dip coatings, too much defects on the surface of the coatings and the elemental composition impurity.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activities of Bi2WO6 with Different Surfactant
Authors: Li Bin , Yang Xiao Gang , Du Fang Lin
Published: September 2013

Bismuth-based oxides have attractive photocatalytic properties under visible light. Bismuth tungstate(Bi2WO6) particles as a visible light-responsive photocatalyst were prepared by a facile hydrothermal reaction method with the different surfactant assisted using Bi(NO3)3·5H2O and Na2WO4 as raw materials at 180°C for 24h. The as-prepared samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-vis absorption spectra (UV-vis). The photocatalytic activity of Bi2WO6 crystals was evaluated using the photocatalytic oxidation of rhodamine B (RhB) at room temperature under visible light irradiation. It was found that the morphology and the band gap adsorption edge of Bi2WO6 are different with the different surfactant assisted. The widest band gap energy of Bi2WO6 obtained with SDBS assisted is 2.624eV. In addition, the Bi2WO6 powders exhibit a certain photocatalytic properties to photodegrade RhB and the maximum photocatalytic degradation rate is 32.4% using Bi2WO6 prepared with PVP assisted for 2h.
Mechanical Milling Prepared Ultrafine Al2O3 Particles Utilized in Brush Plating Ni-P-Al2O3 Coatings and Influence of Heat Treatment to the Performance of the Coatings
Authors: Yu Ai Zhi , Wang Lian , Li Mao Dong , Lin Jin Mei , Yu Wen
Published: September 2013

In this paper, ultrafine Al2O3 particles were prepared by mechanical milling, and Ni-P-Al2O3 composite coatings were plated on Q235 steel substrates by brush-plating, which plating solutions were containing different concentrations Al2O3 particles. The morphology, phase and particle size distribution of the as-prepared Al2O3 particles, and the properties of the coatings after heat treatment were investigated. The results show that, the morphology of the as-prepared Al2O3 particles were spherical and almost size under 200nm, the coatings were uniformly thickness and the Al2O3 particles were uniformly dispersed in the coatings. Heat treatment could improve the performances of the brush-plating Ni-P-Al2O3 layers. After 1 hour heat treatment in 400°C, the layer which phosphoric content about 2.3wt% had high rigidity, good abrasion-resistance and adhesion strength, and the layer which phosphoric content about 10.1wt% has good erosion-resistance after 1h heat treatment in 600°C.
Buckling Analysis of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Cylinders under Axial Compression
Authors: Huang Da , Duan Cheng Hong
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the stability of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) cylinders under axial compression was studied by the finite element analysis method. According to the Riks method, compressive capacity of the composite structures was investigated by nonlinear analysis, in which the eigen buckling modes were considered in the form of initial defects. And the post-buckling performances of different structures were also compared.
Experimental Study on Tool Wear in NC Dry Milling Resin Sand Mold Materials
Authors: Wang Su Yu , Ma Lin Lin , Yang Wen Jie
Published: September 2013

Experimental research was carried out to analyze the wear patterns of several tools which include high-speed steel (HSS), coated cemented carbide and ceramic tools, and to study the tool wear mechanism in milling resin sand mold materials. The main wear mechanism is abrasive wear and the dominant tool failure mode is flank wear. Different cutting parameters have different influence to the tool wear. In addition, it is essential to select suitable tool material with appropriate hardness. In this paper, the experiment results are contributive to choose proper cutting tool materials and parameters in milling resin sand mold material.
Circumference Damage Identification in a Pipe Using Mode Conversion of Longitudinal Guided Wave
Authors: Wu Jing , Zhang Wei Wei
Published: September 2013

This paper aims to develop a method to identify the damage location in circumference direction of a pipe using mode transformation of longitudinal guided wave. The corrosion-like damage in bimetal pipe is considered. Case study that damage detection for a bimetal pipe is used to show the validity and advantage of the proposed method. It can be found that the axially symmetric mode guided wave encounter the damage and the three modes were received in reflection. The damage location in circumferential directions could be identified by conversed modes measured at one position. The simulation shows a good performance.
Fracture Analysis of the Double-Circular-Arc Gear Reducer Shaft
Authors: Han Xiang
Published: September 2013

A fractured shaft was made of 45 steel. The properties and reasons of the shaft were found by micro and macro observation on fracture surfaces, metallographic examination and hardness testing. The results showed that the fracture mode of the shaft were one-off overload fracture of the central zone and fatigue fracture of the brim. The fatigue source zone was in the subsurface. The fracture was caused by the original defects existed in the shaft central zone. It propagated an about 140 mm crack in operation. The crack source propagated laterally along the big crack edge, which resulted in fracture morphology and fracture forms became complicated. The shaft heart material was made of ferrite-pearlite, inclining widmanstatten structure. According to the YB31-64 standard, it rated column C level 1.Due to uneven grains, mixed crystal phenomenon existed. In addition, because the shaft surface heat treatment process control improperly, the surface hardness was not high to reach the structure standard by quenching and tempering treatment.
Chemical Composition of Cerium and Manganese Co-Doped Lithium Niobate Single Crystal
Authors: Wang Miao , Wang Yun Long , Wang Rui
Published: September 2013

Ce:Mn:LiNbO3 single crystals were grown from the melts with different [Li]/[Nb] by top seed crystal method, while the concentration of Ce was 0.1mol% and the concentration of Mn was 0.015wt%. The concentration of each element in the crystal was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The location of the doping ion in the crystal was studied. The results revealed that Ce (or Mn) replace the location of Li in the Ce:Mn:LiNbO3. The dependence of crystal constitute on the material proportioning is given in the paper. The exact chemical formula was given by the relationship between the composition of crystal and the raw material on the basis of the Li vacancy model.
Criterion of Ductile Fracture for GCr15 Bearing Steel
Authors: Yu Yong Ping , Yang Qiu He
Published: September 2013

Ductile fracture is one of the defects in metal plastic forming. For predicting and preventing fracture occurs, a criterion describing the fracture accurately is necessary, especially in the case of numerical simulation. Three criterions, i.e. Cockcroft-Latham, McClintock, Rice & Tracey, were compared experimentally to decide the suitable one for GCr15 bearing steel. The damage values of the criterions were obtained through the standard tension and compression test. The blanking of the GCr15 sheet with 5mm thickness was numerical simulated with three criterions separately and conducted in laboratory. By comparing the blanking section of simulation and experiment, it was found that the McClintock criterion is the best one for describing the GCr15 bearing steel ductile fracture in these three criterions.
The Montecarlo Method in Application of Fatigue Life Reliability Analysis
Authors: Yang Yue , Yao Jia Ping , Yang Xiu Jin , Yang Zhi Bo
Published: September 2013

Based on the probability theory, combined with the deterministic method for estimating the fatigue fracture mechanics, the formula was deduced to calculate the fatigue crack propagation life of examples components. The uncertainty and randomness of main assessment parameters were considered:initial crack size, practical working load,fracture toughness, mechanical intensity and coefficients. Since there are not many data, Weibull distribution was adopted to denote the life distribution of equipment approximately. A computer program was developed by using numerical integration method, and the fatigue life under given reliability and credit degree was solved. Analysis result shows that MonteCarlo simulation method can reflect objectively the uncertainty of assessment parameters and overcome the shortcomings of certainty assessment methods.
Analysis and Models for the Friction Coefficient of a Sliding Bearing
Authors: Wang Bao Ming , Xu Jin Xin , Zhu Fei , Wu Zai Xin
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the analyzing and modeling of the friction coefficient in sliding bearing is reported. Based on the grey system theory, the effects of rotational speed and load on the friction coefficient of the sliding bearings are investigated. The grey relational grade is an important parameter to measure the effects of rotational speed and load on friction coefficient of the sliding bearings. The grey relational grade analysis shows that load has an even more significant effect upon the friction coefficient compared with rotational speed. On the basis of analyzing and processing the experimental data, a nonlinear model for friction coefficient of a sliding bearing have been set up by NARMAX Non-Linear Auto-Regressive Moving Average with Exogenous Input. It was found that the NARMAX Non-Linear model has good accuracy and is applicable for the calculation of friction coefficient in sliding bearing.
Modulations and Core-Shell Effect on Positive Temperature Coefficient of Resistivity of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 Ceramics by Electrically Heterogeneous (LiCe) Phases
Authors: Li Zheng Fa , Fu Yu Ting , Li Yong Xiang , Zhang Qun Xi
Published: September 2013

Positive temperature coefficients of resistivity (PTCR) have been realized in lead free Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT) based ceramics by (LiCe) addition. The modulations on their volumes have been obtained continuously in the wide temperature range of 50-479 °C. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microcopy results display that second-phase adulterants exit on NBT grain boundaries, and even create core-shell structures around NBT grains with the increment of additions. Impedance analysis reveals that electrically heterogeneous structures of grain and grain boundaries have contributions to the PTCR effects of NBT-based ceramics, especially for core-shell structure. All results indicate NBT-based system can be used for thermistor applications at high temperature.
Research on the Approach for the Assessment of Subsurface Rolling Contact Fatigue Damage
Authors: Qin Xiao Feng , Sun Da Le , Xie Li Yang
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the distribution of different critical stresses, which were used in previous correlation articles for the assessment of subsurface rolling contact fatigue damage, was analyzed. The rationality of orthogonal shear stress was selected as the key stress controlling the subsurface rolling contact fatigue damage was clarified. Base on the linear fatigue damage accumulative theory and the modification equation for the range of asymmetrical stress, the influence of friction on subsurface rolling contact fatigue damage was studied. The results show that the subsurface orthogonal shear stress is a completely symmetrical stress when the friction coefficient is zero, while it is an asymmetrical stress with considering the friction. The stress ratio of subsurface orthogonal shear stress and subsurface rolling contact fatigue damage is increased with the increasing of friction.
The Experimental Study on the In Situ Stress of SongNan Block
Authors: Zhang Li Gang , Wang Hai Bo , Si Xiao Dong , Li Shi Bin
Published: September 2013

In view of the low pressure tight gas reservoir in Songnan block, the comprehensive experiment of in-situ stress is carried out. Firstly, the tuffaceous breccia of Longshen 301 and 307 has been cored and the flag line is depicted. Through the viscous remanence experiment, the secondary viscous remanence component at 0°C~200°C is gradually separated, and the average direction of the two groups core flag line are obtained, which are 92.0° and 114.7°. Then to mark the flag line as the baseline, using the wave velocity anisotropy experiment to measure the acoustic wave velocity under different phase angle, the minimum wave velocity phase angle of the two groups core are achieved, which are 23° and 44° . And combined with the direction of the flag line, the direction of maximum horizontal principal stress are determined for N69o E and N70.7o E. Finally, using DSA (differential strain) experiment, the strain recovery of 9 direction under hydrostatic pressure are measured, and the three principal strain, the magnitude and direction of the principal stress are obtained through the inversion, the maximum principal stress direction of which are N70.8o E and N71.7o E. Compared the wave velocity anisotropy experiments and DSA experimental results, both close, the direction of the regional maximum horizontal in-situ stress is determined for N70.5° E ± 1.5°. According to the above research results, the basis for the engineering design of Songnan block such as oil and gas exploration, development, drilling and production is provided.
Optimal Design of Cylindrical Helical Torsional Spring Including Fatigue Reliability
Authors: Zhao Shi Jian , Cui Wei Min , Tian Wei
Published: September 2013

To get a way of calculating the reliability of fatigue life of torsion spring, the paper discussed the optimal design of fatigue reliability for cylindrical helical torsional spring with Monte-Carlo method, and tried to build a new method to analyze the fatigue reliability of cylindrical helical torsional spring. The new method could test different values of parameters of a spring, and it could calculate the fatigue reliability of the spring in every parameter value with about 100 thousand test points with Monte-Carlo method, which can be set to get a better result, and it gave the comparison and selection to designers finally. The method was run with the software-MATLAB. The paper gave an example at last, and it compared the new methods results with ones of traditional design and discussed the differences.
FEM and Experimental Stress Analysis of a Jib Crane
Authors: Candas Adem , Kayaoğlu Eren
Published: September 2013

Finite Element Method (FEM) and strain gage technique are used for analysing strain and stresses values on a jib cranes according to the standards. API and SAE J987 standards describe the test procedure and state the stress limits for cranes. The crane is constructed on a petroleum platform on the Caspian Sea. FEM was used to determine the critical points, which have high stress on the structure. Strain gages applied on these points are used to measure the strain and then stresses were calculated for each point. FEM and experiments’ results were compered to determine the differences and errors.
Effects of Perforation on the Collapsing Strength of Casing
Authors: Cao Yu Guang , Zhang Shi Hua , Ren Xin
Published: September 2013

In this study, three-dimensional mechanical model of the perforated casing was simplified as flat plate mechanical model. The theoretical equation for the calculation of collapsing strength factor for a perforated casing under squeeze was derived as per elasticity theory. Three-dimensional FEM model of a perforated casing was built using ANSYS and analysis was performed. The stress concentration factor (SCF) was discussed for perforated casing in this paper and the effects of aperture on SCFs were analyzed in detail.
Floating Stability Analysis of Steel Boxed Cofferdam of Dongtinghu Long-Span Bridge
Authors: Zhu Hai Qing , Zhang Xie Dong
Published: September 2013

With the development of highway and railway, the construction technique of bridge is developing at a lighting speed. Because of the need to across the river and channel, which span getting more and more large, the foundation of the bridge piers should be more and more stable. Lead to raising the load capacity of the pier foundation. The technique cofferdam construction is an effective mean to solve large foundation problems in deep water. And comparing the empirical value to the simulating value, the results demonstrate FLUENT is a reliable program to simulate the water resistance. This paper gives a model for complete resistance calculation and stability analysis of floating steel cofferdam which will provide a template for similar analysis of engineering application.
Static Analysis and Experimental Research on Frame of the Hedge Spray Car in the Ultimate Torsion Condition
Authors: Zhu Song , Miao Hong , Zhang Rui Hong , Ji Wei , Zheng Zai Xiang , Liu Wei
Published: September 2013

The tunnel sprayer with no drift, pesticide recycling as the main feature, reflected increasingly its superiority to improve the efficiency of spray in the hedge frame crop and reduce pesticide pollution. In this paper, it’s infrastructure to tunnel frame stress distribution and optimum design that is static analysis and experimental research on self-propelled tunnel sprayer frame in the ultimate torsion condition.