bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GIẢI PHÁP MỚI HỖ TRỢ PHÁT HIỆN GIAN LẬN TRONG KÌ THI TRỰC TUYẾN
Authors: Thị Quỳnh Hoa Nguyễn , Thành Trung Đặng
Published: October 2024

Innovating examining in the direction of promoting technology, and bringing technology into exams is an inevitable trend because it minimizes unnecessary human intervention, approaching the world's examining and evaluation approach. Many universities around the world have been building online training systems to manage learning and organize online exams. This study builds a new monitoring function during the online exam process. A function is implemented on the computer device to detect the temporary exit behavior of candidates. Each time a candidate exits the test, the function will continuously save the screen image of the candidate's device in real time on the server. The images are saved as a basis for determining whether the contestant has cheated or not. The function is practically implemented in the subjects of 23 classes with about 1500 students from the 2021 to 2024 school year at Hanoi University of Education and gives accurate results in identifying cheating behavior of candidates with the rates according to school years being 40%, 19.37%, and 2.9%.
THIẾT KẾ VÀ TỔ CHỨC DẠY HỌC CHỦ ĐỀ STEAM “ĐÈN CẢNH BÁO NGUY HIỂM Ở ĐOẠN ĐƯỜNG QUANH CO VÀ ĐÈO DỐC” NHẰM PHÁT TRIỂN NĂNG LỰC VẬN DỤNG KIẾN THỨC VÀ KĨ NĂNG TRONG MÔN KHOA HỌC TỰ NHIÊN
Authors: Thị Kim Ánh Nguyễn , Văn Duyên Em Võ , Quý Bảo Nguyễn
Published: October 2024

Representative competency is one of the three component competencies of natural science competencies that need to be focused on developing learners in the process of teaching Natural Science in lower secondary schools. This article aims to design and organize the teaching of STEAM topics in Natural Sciences to develop learners' competencies, especially representative competency. The current status and pedagogical experiment of the research are based on the cross-sectional survey research method and the experimental research method of pre-test and post-test impact on random groups. The implementation of teaching in practice has demonstrated the positive development of learners in terms of knowledge and skills and has shown the feasibility of the STEAM topic for developing representative competency of students to meet the requirements of educational innovation.
Avaliar para aprender se aprende avaliando
Authors: Alves Iron Pedreira
Published: October 2024

A avaliação da aprendizagem é um componente central de toda prática pedagógica realizada em qualquer etapa da educação formal. Diversos teóricos têm proposto que as práticas avaliativas devem auxiliar e orientar os processos de ensino e aprendizagem. A despeito disso, o mais habitual nas escolas e universidades é a utilização da avaliação como procedimento classificatório e seletivo. Disso decorre a necessidade de oferecer, aos futuros docentes, oportunidades de formação que proporcionem o desenvolvimento de um modo de avaliar voltado para o desenvolvimento e a aprendizagem dos avaliados. A presente experiência formativa se insere nesse contexto e tem como objetivo proporcionar aos estudantes matriculados em um componente curricular obrigatório de um curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia a oportunidade de desenvolver a competência de avaliar para aprender. Para a consecução desse objetivo, os estudantes devem se engajar em um processo de avaliação por pares, mediante a utilização de uma rubrica avaliativa compartilhada ao início do processo. A atividade avaliativa é realizada no Laboratório de Avaliação do Moodle (Moodle workshop), no qual os avaliadores devem oferecer feedbacks informativos aos colegas avaliados. A plataforma também é utilizada para a realização de autoavaliação e práticas recordativas (retrieval practice). Os feedbacks elaborados pelos estudantes, bem como suas opiniões sobre o processo, são tomados como indicadores de êxito desta experiência formativa.
DENTISTRY PATIENTS' KNOWLEDGE LEVELS AND PERSPECTIVES ON ROOT CANAL TREATMENT
Authors: Sözen Emre , Uygun Ahmet Demirhan
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the level of knowledge, sources of information, and perspectives of patients about root canal treatment with demographic data.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A questionnaire consisting of pre-structured closed-ended questions was distributed to 500 volunteer participants from patients who came to the dental school for general dental examination. The questionnaire included questions on demographic data and 12 multiple-choice questions to assess patients' knowledge, awareness and attitudes towards root canal treatment. With the completed questionnaire, participants' knowledge and opinions about root canal treatment were analyzed with demographic data. Descriptive statistics and regression model were used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS: It was found that 335 (67%) of the patients had information about root canal treatment. The source of information was found to be the dentist by 77.6%. Gender was not found to have an effect on the level of knowledge and attitude towards root canal treatment (p=0.926). As the age level increases, the level of knowledge about root canal treatment decreases (p=0.044). As the level of education and income increases, the level of knowledge about root canal treatment increases (p=0.000).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients' knowledge and awareness levels were found to be affected by age, education and income level. Although social media and the environment affect patients' knowledge and awareness, it is understood that dentists are the main factor.
USE OF PAIN SCALE IN CHILDREN WITH CHEST PAIN: AN OBSERVATION IN TERMS OF CARDIAC ORIGIN
Authors: Varan Celal , Ballı Haci
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: Chest pain in children and adolescents is usually due to non-cardiac causes. The basic assumption in distinguishing the etiology is the cardiologic evaluation. The relationship between the severity of pain and its cardiologic etiology has not been investigated before. This study aimed to evaluate the pain scale, demographic-laboratory data, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic findings in order to better define pain in children who were admitted to the pediatric cardiology outpatient clinic with chest pain, based on the hypothesis that there is a correlation between chest pain with cardiac origin and pain severity.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was carried out with 131 patients in the pediatric cardiology outpatient clinic of the tertiary pediatric hospital. The Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale was used to inquire about chest pain.
RESULTS: 80 girls and 51 boys were included in the study. The mean age of the cases was 13.4±2.9 years. Echocardiographic findings: 87.8% were normal, 12.2% had pathological findings. The most common cardiac pathology was mitral valve regurgitation (4.6%). According to the Wong-Baker Faces pain scale, patients mostly showed 4 points (29%) and 6 points (47.3%) mimics.
CONCLUSIONS: Echocardiography has limited diagnostic power in children with chest pain. This study failed to detect any significant relationship between pain scale and cardiac pathology. The evaluation with the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale was assessed to be insufficient.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF QUADRICEPS AND GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE TRAINING ON ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING IN COPD
Authors: Payas Ahmet , Çelik Hüseyin , Çağlayan Türk Ayla , Karaduman Mübeccel Nur , Ozkan Vardar Deniz , Arslan Sertaç
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has symptoms such as impaired exercise tolerance and decreased quality of life. In this study, the effects on exercise performance and quality of life in COPD patients were compared when the quadriceps femoris (QF) and gastrocnemius (GC) muscles were strengthened by neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in stable COPD patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-five patients with COPD were randomly divided into three groups as control, gastrocnemius muscle (GC Group) and quadriceps femoris muscle (QF Group). The control group received pulmonary rehabilitation only, the GC group received NMES to the GC muscle in addition to pulmonary rehabilitation, and the QF group received NMES to the QF muscle in addition to pulmonary rehabilitation. Patients were evaluated with Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Six Minute Walk Test, St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Beck Depression Inventory before and after treatment. Statistical analysis was performed in IBM SPSS 23.0 program and p<0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS: While there was no difference in VAS, physical function, Beck Depression, six-minute walk and fatigue test data before and after treatment in the control group (p>0.05), a statistically significant difference was found in the GC and QF groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups in the pre and posttreatment values of all tests (p>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Strengthening the QF or GC muscles seems to improve exercise performance and quality of life in patients with COPD. However, QF and GC muscle training in COPD were not superior to each other in terms of their effect on quality of life.
MADDE KULLANIM BOZUKLUĞU TANILI HASTALARDA ALEKSİTİMİ VE ALGILANAN STRES İLİŞKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: Sezer Katar Kübra , Zengin İspir Gamze , Danışman Mustafa
Published: October 2024

AMAÇ: Çalışmamızda, madde kullanım bozukluğu tanılı hastalarda, duyguları tanıma, ifade etme, dışa dönük düşünme ve hayal gücünde kısıtlılıkla karakterize bir kişilik özelliği olarak tanımlanan aleksitimi ile algılanan stres arasında ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Hastanemiz alkol ve Madde Bağımlılığı Tedavi Merkezi’ne (AMATEM) başvuran 52 madde kullanım bozukluğu tanılı hasta ve benzer sosyokültürel özelliklere sahip ancak madde kullanım bozukluğu ve ek psikiyatrik rahatsızlığı olmayan 50 sağlıklı kontrol dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılar sosyodemografik veri formu ile Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği-20 (TAÖ-20), Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (ASÖ) ölçeklerini doldurmuştur.
BULGULAR: Hasta grubunda ASÖ ile TAÖ-20’nin duyguları tanımada güçlük (r=0,685) ve duyguları söze dökmede güçlük (r=0,515) alt boyutları arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon saptanmıştır (p<0,01). Kontrol grubunda ise ASÖ ile TAÖ-20’nin tüm alt boyutları arasında daha düşük fakat anlamlı korelasyon belirlenmiştir (r=0,318-0,394, p<0,05). Gruplar arası bağımsız T-testi sonuçlarına bakıldığında ise TAÖ-20 alt boyutları (duyguları tanımada güçlük, duyguları sözde dökmede güçlük, dışa dönük düşünme) açısından hasta grubu lehine anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05).
SONUÇ: Aleksitimi madde kullanım bozukluğu olan kişilerde daha yüksek seviyelerde karşımıza çıkmakta ve algılanan stres seviyeleriyle kontrol grubuna göre daha güçlü ilişkiler kurmaktadır.
YENİDOĞANLARDA AKUT BÖBREK HASARI MORBİDİTE VE MORTALİTESİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER
Authors: Tomar Güneysu Songül , Zenciroğlu Ayşegül , Bülbül Mehmet
Published: October 2024

AMAÇ: Akut böbrek hasarı, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinin ciddi sorunlarından biridir. Çalışmamızda yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinde akut böbrek hasarının sıklığı, risk faktörleri, primer tanıları, tedavileri ile erken dönem prognozları ve mortalitesinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmamıza 1 Ocak 2013 - 31 Aralık 2016 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan ve akut böbrek hasarı geliştiği belirlenen yenidoğanlar akut böbrek hasarı grubu, her hasta için, aynı zamanda yatmış, akut böbrek hasarı tanısı almamış ikişer hasta kontrol grubu olarak alındı. Akut böbrek hasarı tanısı serum kreatinin >1,5mg/dl ve/veya ölçümleri arasında iki kat artışı ile konuldu.
BULGULAR: Çalışma süresince yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan 7418 hastadan 201’inde (%2,7) akut böbrek hasarı saptandı. Bunların %42,3’ü preterm, %57,7’ü termdi. Hastaların %92,5’inde (186) prerenal akut böbrek hasarı saptandı. Akut böbrek hasarı olan hastaların %57,5’i oligo-anürikti ve 109 (%54,2) hasta kaybedildi. Renal replasman tedavisi 49’unda (%24,5) gerekti. Kritik konjenital kalp hastalığı (65; %32,3), hipoksik iskemik ensefalopati (36; %17,9), prematürite (23; %11,4), sepsis (21; %10,4), dehidratasyon (17; %8,5) en sık primer akut böbrek hasarı nedenleriydi. Akut böbrek hasarı gelişmesinde karaciğer fonksiyon testi bozukluğu, amfoterisin-B, vankomisin, aminoglikozid kullanımı, nöbet geçirme, proteinüri varlığı ve prematürite; akut böbrek hasarı mortalitesinde ise dopamin kullanımı ve renal replasman tedavi alması bağımsız risk faktörleri olarak belirlendi.
SONUÇ: Yenidoğanlarda akut böbrek hasarı çoğunlukla prerenal nedenliydi. İlk üç nedeni Kritik konjenital kalp hastalığı, hipoksik iskemik ensefalopati ve prematüriteydi. Yoğun bakım gerektiren yenidoğanların izleminde akut böbrek hasarı gelişebileceği unutulmamalı, riskler dikkatle değerlendirilmeli, yakından izlenmeli, nefrotoksik ilaçlar dikkatli kullanılmalı, akut böbrek hasarı belirlendiğinde uygun tedavi gecikmeden başlanmalıdır.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERUM ANGIOPOIETIN-LIKE PROTEIN 8 LEVELS AND HYPERTENSION STAGES
Authors: Sarıoğlu Güney , Aktaş İbrahim
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: Hypertension is a serious condition that can lead to serious complications. Currently, there is no standard biomarker used in clinical practice to diagnose hypertension and stage the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum levels of angiopoietin-like protein 8 (sANGPTL8) change in hypertensive patients and advanced stages of hypertension.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Our study is a prospective observational study. We used an ELISA kit to measure sANGPTL8 levels in 42 hypertensive patients and 41 healthy non-hypertensive patients at our cardiology clinic and evaluated statistical differences between the groups. A two-tailed p< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: The mean sANGPTL8 levels in the stage 2 hypertension group are statistically significantly higher than in the stage 1 and non-hypertensive group (813 pg/ml vs 524.89 pg/ml and 518.07 pg/ml respectively) (p= 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: According to our study, mean sANGPTL8 levels were higher in stage 2 hypertensive patients compared to stage 1 hypertensive and normotensive individuals (p=0.001). Additional biomarkers that can be used in combination with ANGPTL8 and further research on ANGPTL8 may enable this adipokine to be used as an effective biomarker in diagnosing advanced hypertension.
OTİZM SPEKTRUM BOZUKLUĞU TANILI VE TİPİK GELİŞİM GÖSTEREN KÜÇÜK ÇOCUKLARIN BESLENME DAVRANIŞLARININ, UYKU SORUNLARININ, EBEVEYN KAYGI VE DEPRESYON DÜZEYLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Çelikkol Sadıç Çağla , Coşkun Fatma , Özgül Katırcıoğlu Dilek , Özmutlu Arif Göktuğ , Hıra Selen Ayşegül Tuğba
Published: October 2024

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmada, otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan küçük çocukların beslenme davranışı ve uyku sorunlarının, ebeveynlerinin depresyon ve kaygı düzeylerinin sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırılması ve OSB semptom şiddeti, ebeveyn kaygı ve depresyon düzeyleri ile çocukların beslenme davranışı ve uyku sorunlarına yönelik ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Araştırmanın örneklemi, 18 ay ile 60 ay arasında OSB tanısı alan 81 hasta ve 60 sağlıklı çocuk ile oluşturmuştur. OSB tanısı Ruhsal Bozuklukların Tanısal ve İstatistiksel El Kitabı-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [DSM])’e göre çocuk ve ergen psikiyatri uzmanı tarafından konulmuştur. Hasta grubundaki küçük yaş çocukların OSB semptom şiddeti, klinisyen tarafından Çocukluk Otizmi Derecelendirme Ölçeği (ÇODÖ) uygulanarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çocuklarda Beslenme Davranışı Anketi (ÇBDA), Çocuk Uyku Alışkanlıkları Anketi (ÇUAA) ve Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ) çalışmaya alınan çocukların ebeveynleri tarafından doldurulmuştur.
BULGULAR: OSB grubunda ÇBDA içme tutkusu alt ölçeği (z = -2.87, p =0.004), ÇUAA toplam puanı (z = -3.013, p =0.003), ebeveyn BDÖ (z = -5.213, p < 0.001), ve ebeveyn BAÖ (z = 4.474, p < 0.001) toplam puanları sağlıklı kontrollere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. OSB ve sağlıklı kontroller arasında ÇBDA diğer alt ölçek puanlarının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği saptanmıştır. Hasta grubunda, otizm belirti şiddeti ile ÇBDA alt ölçek puanları, ÇUAA, ebeveyn BDÖ ve BAÖ toplam puanları arasında bir ilişki bulunmamıştır.
SONUÇ: OSB olan küçük çocukların sağlıklı çocuklara göre daha çok uyku problemi yaşantıladıkları, içeceklere yönelimlerinin daha çok olduğu ve ebeveynlerinin depresyon ve anksiyete düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma OSB tanısı ile küçük çocukların uyku sorunları, içeceklere olan yönelimleri ve ebeveynlerinin ruh sağlığı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir.
YAŞLI HASTALARDA ERCP SONRASI KOLESİSTEKTOMİ SONUÇLARI
Authors: Ballı Emre , Gürsoy Fatih , Ertekin Kübra
Published: October 2024

AMAÇ: Bu çalışma ile endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatikografi (ERCP) sonrası yapılan kolesistektomi operasyonlarında ileri yaşın laparaskopik kolesistektomi için bir risk faktörü olup olmadığının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: 01.01.2021 – 01.05.2023 tarihleri arasında Afyonkarahisar Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Genel Cerrahi kliniğinde ERCP yapılan ve ERCP işlemi sonrasında ERCP’ye bağlı komplikasyon görülmeyen kolesistektomi yapılmış olan 246 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların sosyodemografik özellikleri, ameliyat sonrası hastanede kalış süreleri, ameliyat sonrası komplikasyon durumları, laparoskopiden açık ameliyata geçme durumları ve ASA (American Society Anesthesiologists) skorları karşılaştırılmıştır.
BULGULAR: Yaşlara göre ayrılan hasta grupları incelendiğinde postoperatif komplikasyon açısından istatistiksel anlamda fark olmadığı tespit edildi (p=0,433). Her iki grubun ameliyat sonrası hastanede kalış günleri karşılaştırıldığında 75 yaş ve üzeri hastaların, 75 yaş altı hastalara göre daha uzun süre hastanede kaldıkları görülmüştür (p<0,001). Açık ameliyata geçme oranları arasında ise herhangi bir istatistiksel fark olmadığı görülmüştür (p=0,539).
SONUÇ: Mevcut çalışma sonuçları bizlere semptomatik safra kesesi ve safra yolları taşı olan hastalarda yaşa bağlı olmaksızın hastaların tamamlayıcı tedavilerinin yapılması gerektiğini göstermektedir. Yaşlılık, ERCP sonrası laparoskopik kolesistektomi yapılması için bir risk faktörü değildir.
SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF HERBAL TEA SAMPLES WITH CIPROFLOXACIN AGAINST MRSA AND THEIR ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES
Authors: Can Agca Asli , Yılmaz Sarıaltın Sezen , Baltacı Bozkurt Nurnehir , Rızvanoğlu Sunasibel , Sever Yılmaz Betül , Eryılmaz Müjde
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: Sambucus nigra L. (elderberry), Salvia sclarea L. (clary sage), Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary), and Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) are all consumed as flavoring agents for food and are well-known in traditional medicine for the treating various diseases worldwide. These herbs are also commonly used for microbial infections, especially to relieve cough, fever, and cold symptoms. This study aims to screen and compare the content of total phenols and antioxidant activity potential of three different extracts from each commercial sample of S. nigra, S. sclarea, R. officinalis and C. sativum from Türkiye. We also investigated the (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (methicillin-susceptible, MSSA) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 (methicillin-resistant, MRSA) and the synergistic activity with an antibiotic, ciprofloxacin, by checkerboard assay.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The fruits of S. nigra and C. sativum, the aerial parts of S. sclarea, and the leaves of R. officinalis were purchased from a trading company that marketed them as herbal tea in Türkiye. This study investigated the total phenolic content and antioxidant potential of extracts from commercial samples. We also determined the synergistic effect of herbal tea samples with ciprofloxacin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
RESULTS: R. officinalis (rosemary) and Salvia sclarea (clary sage) extracts showed high phenolic content and antioxidant activity, whereas it was determined that C.sativum (coriander) and S. nigra (elderberry) extracts exhibited lower antioxidant activity and low phenolic compounds. Moreover, ciprofloxacin in combination with the ethanolic extract of S. sclarea showed additive antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 43300.
CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that herbal tea prepared from commercial R. officinalis (rosemary) and S.sclarea (clary sage) samples can support the antioxidant activity with high phenolic content and that ciprofloxacin combined with the ethanolic extract of clary sage showed additive antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus ATCC 43300. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanism of additive action in detail.
KARIN DUVARINDA İZOLE KOLON ADENOKARSINOM METASTAZI: BIR OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: Duran Yasin , Sasanı Hadi , Benek Suat
Published: October 2024

Kolorektal kanserlerde periton ve lenf düğümlerinin tutulumu olmaksızın ön karın duvarının izole local nüksleri nadirdir. Bu olguda 41 yaşındaki erkek hastanın rektus kasında kolon kanserinin izole metastazının klinik ve radyolojik bulguları sunulmuştur.
Организация культурно-досуговых мероприятий для молодежи с ограниченными возможностями здоровья (ОВЗ)
Authors: Бабенко Алёна Александровна
Published: October 2024

Данная статья посвящена комплексному исследованию организации культурно-досуговых мероприятий для молодежи с ограниченными возможностями здоровья (ОВЗ) с акцентом на их значимость в процессе социальной интеграции и адаптации данной группы. В работе рассматривается спектр теоретических и практических вопросов, касающихся создания инклюзивной среды для молодежи с ОВЗ, включая устранение физических, психологических и информационных барьеров, которые ограничивают их доступ к общественной и культурной жизни. Используя методы анализа научной литературы, в том числе исследований в области социальной психологии и социологии, автор акцентирует внимание на том, что изоляция молодежи с ОВЗ зачастую связана не столько с их физическими или психическими особенностями, сколько с недостаточной адаптацией общественных механизмов. В статье анализируются примеры успешной практики инклюзивных культурно-досуговых мероприятий, реализованных в России, такие как проекты Всероссийского общества инвалидов (ВОИ), направленные на социокультурную реабилитацию, творческие мастер-классы, спортивные соревнования и инклюзивные культурные события. Особое внимание уделяется значению психологической поддержки для молодежи с ОВЗ, которая помогает преодолевать социальные страхи и развивает уверенность в себе через участие в культурных мероприятиях. В статье также рассматриваются успешные практики регионального уровня, такие как деятельность Центра социальной реабилитации инвалидов в Белгороде, где реализуются программы по творческому развитию и социальной адаптации молодежи с ОВЗ.
Calibration and Validation of the VISSIM Parameters - State of the Art
Authors: Alimehaj Rrecaj Arlinda , Bombol Kristi M.
Published: October 2024

As a stochastic, microscopic, time-step, behavior-based model with capabilities to provide application of programming interface (API) and simulation, VISSIM has become one of the most useful and reliable programs utilized by contemporary engineers and researchers in the processes of evaluation of control operations and strategies of transportation. In this paper are given 'state of the art' calibration and validation techniques of VISSIM parameters that derive from the need to accurately match the simulations results of the models with the observed field data. In this context, different practices of different traffic control operations that have been done so far in calibration and validation process are overviewed. For each one of them the aim of calibration, developed methodologies, manner in which are identified "best" parameters for calibration, calibration objective functions, criteria, optimization techniques, evaluation of modeling outputs are emphasized. Finally, a prescription of credibility and reliability of calibrated parameters to the related traffic conditions is given.
A new Proposal on Analysis of the Interfragmentary Displacements in the Fracture Gap
Authors: Mešić Elmedin , Avdić Vahid , Pervan Nedim , Muminović Adil
Published: October 2024

Research activities in the field of modern Biomedical engineering show a more intense trend towards the use of sophisticated engineering measurement tools in order to optimize existing medical devices. External fixators are such an example of the above mentioned. Critical design parameters are being optimized by the use of existing engineering research methodology. One of the most important parameter for external fixators that have to be tracked are the interfragmentary displacements between the proximal and distal bone segment. This is usually achieved by the use of a finite element method. Another way is the use of displacement sensors or transducers. To verify these numerical results and to gain additional real life footage of interfragmentary displacements during testing, the use of a high speed camera has been taken into consideration. This paper compares previously acquired numerical data for a specific external fixator design parallel to the same setup whilst being recorded with a high speed camera. Results indicate good superposition with previously obtained data.
Application of Synthetic Mineral Alloys as Materials for Bulletproof Vests and Products for Different Objects Protection
Authors: Ignatova Anna
Published: October 2024

Authors study ballistic properties of the material which has never been used for impact protection and the presented results prove that synthetic mineral alloys belong to the field of bulletproof ballistic protection and particularly to the means of objects’ protection from kinetic threats. Although the material has been described in connection with such specific embodiments as SVD and a cumulative jet, it is evident that many alternatives and modifications of their application for various protective articles are possible.
Mode of getting Thermal Energy Depending of the Average Outside Temperature on the City of Bitola
Authors: Zikovska Suzana , Armenski Slave
Published: October 2024

This research was based on the latest achievements in the development of energy technologies, such as: efficiency, energy saving, ecology and flexibility. The study used data from the measurements of external temperature for the city of Bitola in the period 1996 - 2010 year. The research covers a range of activities: assessment of the required heat consumption and defining the curve thermal load under ambient conditions of Bitola. The analysis of the research is based on the calculation and assessment of the required heat for heating curve according to the outside temperature. It is the basis for defining the mode of operation of a plant for production of thermal energy.
Functional Problems and Maintenance Operations of Hydraulic Turbines
Authors: Topliceanu Liliana , Gabriel Puiu , Furdu Iulian
Published: October 2024

The exploitation in good conditions of the hydroelectric power plant imposes a rigorous maintenance of equipment and operating facilities, primarily of the turbine. The efficiency of the turbine is strongly affected by any defects which could occur during the operation. The paper makes a synthesis of the most frequent failures which have occurred during the functioning of Kaplan turbines plant and the required maintenance plan that has to be adopted. The maintenance rules for the optimal working of these turbines are also emphasized.
Analysis of Specific Electric Conductivity of Thin Films of Polyaniline Doped with Sulfuric and Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: Gazdic Izet , Modric-Sahbazovic Almedina , Sulejmanovic Suada
Published: October 2024

This paper describes the specific electric conductivity of thin films of the polymer polyaniline, depending on the type of material that is used for doping the specified polymer. In our own laboratory, there were made four series of doped samples of polyaniline thin films of which two series were doped with sulfuric acid (PANI-H2SO4), and the other two were doped with hydrochloric acid (PANI-HCl). It is also significant that two series of the mentioned samples of thin films were obtained at room temperature (20°C), and the other two at 0°C. Next, the analysis of the specific electrical conductivity of all series was performed in order to demonstrate that the material that reaches the thin film affects its electrical conductivity
Evaluation of Foreign Languages Teaching in LMS Conditions by Facility and Discrimination index
Authors: Husar Jozef , Duplakova Darina
Published: October 2024

This article is focused on presentation of foreign languages teaching evaluation in LMS conditions by facility and discrimination index. The structure and creation of course for foreign language teaching with English language orientationis presented. The main idea of the presented article is pointing out the ability of students – better understanding problems which is presented by electronic form. Expected contribution of this article should be increase of knowledge and motivation of selected students’ group from English course. Presented methodology of students testing is possible to apply in teaching of different subjects and the test questions simplify or make harder on the basis determined indexes
DECODING THE SEMANTIC VOLUME OF NOUNS WITH THE VERBAL MODALITY MÜSSEN: THE SYNERGISTIC DIMENSION OF LEAST EFFORT
Authors: Drebet V. V.
Published: October 2024

The presented work is one of the stages of noun research within a certain verbal modality. The focus of the article lies in the study of the generating noun content in relation to the verbal modality müssen in German from the perspective of linguosynergetic scientific paradigm, which considers language as a complex dynamic system capable of self-organization and self-regulation. In this study methodologically important is the position that the synergetic law of making the least effort and conservation of speech energy is the driving factor of language development.
In a synergetic sense, the author of the article draws parallels between the dictionary as a representative of the linguistic generalization of the structured amount of knowledge of the learned extraverbal reality and the mental lexicon, which is not an arbitrary accumulation of contributions, but constitutes a structured hierarchical system of such contributions. If lexical units in the synergetic sense and their meanings at the language level contain coded structured information, then in the same aspect the paper considers the implementation of the word in one of its meanings at the speech level as information decoding.
The linguosynergetic format of the research proposed in this article assumes that language as a self-regulating system under the influence of external energy and information has developed a mechanism of different representations of nouns in syntactic constructions with different verbal modality in German-language fiction and press.
The results obtained on the basis of the synergetic-quantitative approach are extrapolated to linguosynergetic models of self-organization of noun names according to the principle of minimization of efforts, which directs the human mental lexicon to optimal decoding of semantic volume of polysemic or monosemic nouns in relation to the verbal modality müssen in German-language fiction and press.
It was proved that since the closest distances in the lexical structure of a word at the linguistic level are the closest in comparison with the structures of knowledge of the human mental lexicon, the construction of noun content in modern German on the synergetic principle of conservation of speech energy and minimization of efforts is the most optimal way of directing the mental lexicon of a person to decoding the semantic scope of the closets (main) meanings of the polysemic and unambiguous monosemic word models.
FICTION AS SYNTHESIS OF MULTI-MODE MEANS OF PRESENTING NARRATIVE INFORMATION
Authors: Pozharytska O. O.
Published: October 2024

Despite a considerable number of discoveries made in the XX and XXI centuries in the field of linguistics, there still remain a few global problems demanding their solution or treatment on the new level of scientific and social development. Amongst those, we shall mention the issue of giving a clearcut definition of fiction. This challenge has become even more difficult due to such new literary forms as digital literature, comics, fanfiction, narrative videogames, etc. Thus, the topicality of the article follows from the linguo-gnoseological importance of defining the very term “fiction” in a world with the dominance of computer technologies, providing more and more new ways of transmitting information. Our work is also motivated by the lack of serious research suggesting objective criteria for a modern piece of fiction. Hence, the research aims at specifying what can be understood as fiction in modern conditions and at characterizing the peculiarities of narrative representation in fiction today. The work is grounded on the postulates of information theory and narrative studies, coupled with classical methods of linguistic analysis. Thus, the results obtained in the process of investigation can be summarized in the following conclusions.
A piece of fiction is a work of art which is built around a certain narrative. Its aesthetic component is shaped by the latter and by the communicative goal set up by the author. Narrative here is codified by means of verbal (and sometimes non-verbal) signs and presents an extra-lingual situation arousing the reader’s interest since it reflects or has nothing to do with their own cognitive experience, teases their ability to predict the plotline and influences their world pictures in the process of indirect communication with the author. The very existence of a number of modes objectivizing one and the same narrative (or its close invariants), like movies, comics, fanfiction, gamebooks, videogames, etc., enhances the reader’s immersion and the impact made by the narrative, granting the audience multi-existence and generating a new Gestalt-like quasi-universe in their minds.
STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF BRITISH TOPONYMS
Authors: Savranchuk I. P. , Tkhor N. M.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the review of structural and semantic features of British toponyms. The study of toponyms helps to understand the linguistic image of the world, highlighting ethnic experience and culture. Toponyms are important as means of transmitting historical, cultural, and other information across generations, which makes their study relevant in linguistics. The proper names of British territories are very diverse, as the country has been home to various civilizations and peoples for many centuries, each of which contributed to the language through their own names.
In this work, 200 toponyms from three regions of Great Britain were investigated. According to the origin, the researched toponyms are divided into native and borrowed. Native proper names predominate in England, while toponyms of Scandinavian origin are found in the northern regions and the west of the country. Wales and Scotland are characterized mainly by Celtic names. Borrowed toponyms are distinguished according to four linguistic sources: Celtic, Latin, Scandinavian and Norman-French. English contains more loanwords because it is open to receiving words from other languages due to contact with other cultures and colonial heritage. In general, people who named geographical objects were guided by the features of the landscape where this object was located. This category of toponyms occurs in all three parts of Britain and has many subgroups. The emergence of this group is a logical consequence of the fact that the ancestors of the British named their surroundings according to what they saw. When creating and choosing toponyms, a certain pragmatic orientation can be observed, which depends on various factors, such as the historical context of naming, the level of cultural development, social, political, religious or patriotic motives of persons who give certain names to geographical objects. This layer of vocabulary is of great interest to researchers because it can collect linguistic, sociocultural and historical experience.
SPECIFICS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF VIRTUAL SPACE
Authors: Atamanova N. V.
Published: October 2024

The relevance of this research is driven by the rapid development of information technologies and global digitalization processes, which have led to the emergence of virtual space as a new environment for social interactions. Virtual space has become an integral part of modern life, influencing various areas of society. However, despite its growing importance, the existing legal frameworks have not fully adapted to the specific characteristics of virtual space, such as its anonymity, global nature, and dynamic structure. The purpose of this article is to examine the peculiarities of legal regulation in virtual space and to propose effective mechanisms to ensure legal governance in the context of digitalization. This study addresses the gaps in the current legal system and explores ways to adapt legal norms to meet the demands of the digital environment. The study is particularly timely, given the increasing impact of digital technologies on social relations and the need for appropriate legal frameworks to regulate interactions within virtual space. The research methodology is based on an analysis of recent studies and publications, highlighting the growing interest of scholars in the legal regulation of digital technologies and virtual interactions. While there is a substantial body of work on virtual assets and digital rights, the issue of comprehensive legal regulation of virtual space remains underexplored. This article fills that gap by focusing on the development of cross-sectoral legal mechanisms and emphasizing the need for harmonization with international standards. The interdisciplinary nature of virtual space requires legal frameworks that can address the complexity of digital interactions, taking into account both national and international legal norms. The findings of the study show that for effective regulation of virtual space, it is essential to adapt existing legal mechanisms to the specific conditions of the digital environment. This includes the integration of international legal norms, the development of self-regulation tools, and the creation of a comprehensive legal system that can manage social relations in virtual space. The practical value of the article lies in its analysis of the challenges facing legal regulation in virtual space and the solutions proposed for improving the effectiveness of legal mechanisms. These recommendations can be used by policymakers and legal practitioners to develop a more robust regulatory framework for virtual interactions. Only through a comprehensive and flexible approach to regulation can legal systems ensure the orderly conduct of social relations in virtual space and protect the rights of individuals in the digital age.
DETERMINING THE LEGAL NATURE OF GAPS IN THE LAW: ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE FOR EFFICIENT STUDY OF THIS PHENOMENON
Authors: Drozdovych N. L.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the issues of determining the role and significance of gaps in the law, in particular, stating the views on this issue set forth in scientific literature. To this end, the publication first analyzes the doctrinal works of national scholars. As a result, the author has established that when studying the issue of gaps in the law, most scholars answer the question of what causes this phenomenon (diversity of life situations, errors in the contents of the law when it is developed, etc.), but there is no focus and clear indication of legal nature of gaps in the law. The author considers the above to be a fact which does not contribute to the efficiency of further studies in this area, since clear determination by the researchers of the “abnormality”, “normality”, “inherent nature” of gaps in the law or their “negative” or “positive”, “stimulating” nature is a substance for determining the quality and properties of this phenomenon of legal reality. Instead, the author expresses her own scientific view that gaps in the law are an objective phenomenon of legal reality which cannot be characterized as negative, and which patterns should be studied. In addition, the article contains thesis that gaps in the law are “situational”, which is one of characteristics and signs of the described phenomenon. In view of this, the author argues that solutions to the problem of gaps in the law are of a one-time nature, and after a legal response is gained thereto, it exhausts itself as a legal problem. At the same time, the author emphasizes that there is a correlation between the role and significance of determining the legal nature of gaps in the law and the processes and circle of entities addressing the issue of gaps in the law in each particular case. Namely, when it comes to the lawmaking body, it “fills” gaps in the law, and accordingly, this happens in the course of a lawmaking process, i.e., adoption of laws, and the enforcement officer is able to promptly “eliminate” gaps in the law, while resolving a specific legal situation, but not to overcome the gap, as this will happen in the course of law enforcement. In turn, the term “filling” gaps in the law is a generalized category and correlates with two above-mentioned terms as “part” and the “whole”. Despite this, the judicial literature completely ignores this correlation of categories and concepts with each other, which has profound substantive consequences, since adequate use thereof determines quality of the study and quality of conclusions of scientific research on legal nature of gaps in the law.
SYSTEMATIC AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR ILLEGAL ACTS WITH AMBER
Authors: Dudorov O. O. , Movchan R. O.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the disclosure of certain systemic and legal aspects of responsibility for illegal actions with amber. Relevant judicial practice is analyzed. Proposals for improvement of Art. 240-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine “Illegal extraction, sale, purchase, transfer, forwarding, transportation, processing of amber”.
The issue of the application of the criminal law norm of insignificance for the legal assessment of illegal amber mining and its illegal handling was considered. The existence of a conflict between the investigated criminal law ban and Art. 47 of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses “Violation of the State Property Right to Subsoil”, comments are expressed regarding its (collision) overcoming in the aspects of de lege lata and de lege ferenda.
It is argued that the socially dangerous consequences of illegal mineral extraction (in particular, amber) should be labeled as damages. It is shown that carried out within the limits of Art. 240-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the differentiation of responsibility related to the size of illegal actions with amber is insufficient.
The relevant provisions of the project of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine were analyzed, the advantages and disadvantages of the relevant formulations were clarified. In particular, the proposal of the drafters of a potential criminal law to distinguish the grounds of criminal responsibility for the illegal acquisition of natural resources, on the one hand, and individual manifestations of involvement in the behavior of those who commit illegal extraction of natural resources from their natural environment, on the other, was supported.
The issue of the appropriateness of anchoring in Part 1 of Art. 240-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine instructions on actions other than illegal amber mining.
CRIMINOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PROFESSIONAL CRIME
Authors: Orlovskyi B. M. , Osadcha I. A.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the criminological features of professional crime, which is an important and relevant issue for shaping the system of measures aimed at its prevention and counteraction. Professional crime refers to the criminal activities of individuals who systematically, throughout their lives, commit criminal acts in a specific field, using the results of these activities as a means of earning or gaining profit for their livelihood. For such individuals, their specific “criminal activity” becomes a “profession” in which they develop, continually improve their criminal skills, and reach professional “heights” to maximize profits (income) and hide the traces of their criminal activities from law enforcement.
The authors identifies the following characteristics of professional crime: its persistent and stable nature; the presence of “specialization” and “qualification” in the offender; the regular income (profit) from criminal activity; the offender’s constant connection with an antisocial environment; and the existence of a specific “subculture” in the form of traditions, customs, and particular “languages of communication” (slang).
Based on the research, the authors has formulated a system of economic, social, political, and legal measures to prevent and counter professional crime. As part of the legal measures, the author proposes amending different articles of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine by adding a new qualifying feature: “the commission of an act in the form of criminal activity.” Currently, the only qualifying feature in the Criminal Code of Ukraine is “repeat offense,” which applies whether two episodes of a crime have been committed or even if there have been 3-15 episodes of the same crime. This approach fails to account for the activities of professional criminals, where the commission of 3-15 crimes should be qualified as a more serious offense compared to ordinary “repeat offenses,” which only cover two episodes.
The authors also suggests the creation of a separate law, the “Law of Ukraine on the Basics of Prevention and Counteraction to Professional Crime,” which would include specific sections ensuring comprehensive regulation of the issue of combating professional crime. The structure of these sections may include: 1) “General Provisions”; 2) “Subjects of Countering Professional Crime, Their Competence”; 3) “Preventive and Countermeasures Against Professional Crime”; 4) “The Identity of the Professional Criminal and Their Legal Status”; 5) “Liability for Violations in the Sphere of Countering Professional Crime”; 6) “Control and Supervision over the Enforcement of Laws in the Fight Against Professional Crime”; 7) “Final and Transitional Provisions”.
In the author’s opinion, a comprehensive legislative regulation of professional crime and the formation of an effective system of measures to counter it are key to building a successful preventive criminological policy of the state in the fight against such crime.