bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Spatial-Temporal and Risk Factor Insights for Optimizing Livestock Anthrax Vaccination Strategies in Karnataka, India
Authors: Anandakumar Jayashree , Suresh Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa , Patil Archana Veeranagouda , Jagadeesh Chethan A. , Bylaiah Sushma , Patil Sharanagouda S. , Hemadri Divakar
Published: September 2024

Anthrax, a zoonotic disease affecting both livestock and humans globally, is caused by Bacillus anthracis. The objectives of this study were the following: (1) to identify environmental risk factors for anthrax and use this information to develop an improved predictive risk map, and (2) to estimate spatial variation in basic reproduction number (Ro) and herd immunity threshold at the village level, which can be used to optimize vaccination policies within high-risk regions. Based on the anthrax incidences from 2000–2023 and vaccine administration figures between 2008 and 2022 in Karnataka, this study depicted spatiotemporal pattern analysis to derive a risk map employing machine learning algorithms and estimate Ro and herd immunity threshold for better vaccination coverage. Risk factors considered were key meteorological, remote sensing, soil, and geographical parameters. Spatial autocorrelation and SaTScan analysis revealed the presence of hotspots and clusters predominantly in the southern, central, and uppermost northern districts of Karnataka and temporal cluster distribution between June and September. Factors significantly associated with anthrax were air temperature, surface pressure, land surface temperature (LST), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), potential evapotranspiration (PET), soil temperature, soil moisture, pH, available potassium, sulphur, and boron, elevation, and proximity to waterbodies and waterways. Ensemble technique with random forest and classification tree models were used to improve the prediction accuracy of anthrax. High-risk areas are expected in villages in the southern, central, and extreme northern districts of Karnataka. The estimated Ro revealed 11 high-risk districts with Ro > 1.50 and respective herd immunity thresholds ranging from 11.24% to 55.47%, and the assessment of vaccination coverage at the 70%, 80%, and 90% vaccine efficacy levels, all serving for need-based strategic vaccine allocation. A comparison analysis of vaccinations administered and vaccination coverage estimated in this study is used to illustrate difference in the supply and vaccine force. The findings from the present study may support in planning preventive interventions, resource allocation, especially of vaccines, and other control strategies against anthrax across Karnataka, specifically focusing on predicted high-risk regions.
Variations and Trends in 115 Years of Graded Daily Precipitation Records at Three Hydrometeorological Stations in Finland
Authors: Irannezhad Masoud , Abdulghafour Zahrah , AlQallaf Retaj , Abdulreda Fadak , Shamsah Ghadeer , Alshammari Hajar
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the variability and trends in 115 years (1909–2023) of daily precipitation observed at three hydrometeorological stations in southern (Kaisaniemi), central (Kajaani), and northern (Sodankylä) Finland. We also identified the most significant climate teleconnections influencing daily precipitation variability at these three stations during the period 1951–2023. The daily precipitation records were primarily classified into six grades, including very light (≤1 mm), light (1–≤5 mm), moderate (5–≤10 mm), heavy (10–≤15 mm), very heavy (15–≤20 mm), and extreme (>20 mm). On average, the most intense daily precipitation was determined at the Kaisaniemi station in southern Finland. At this station, however, very light and light precipitation showed the lowest frequency, but other graded daily precipitation events were the most frequent. At all three stations, the intensity of very light precipitation significantly declined during the past 115 years, while its frequency increased. The highest rates of such decreases and increases in the intensity and frequency of very light daily precipitation were found at the Sodankylä stations in northern Finland, respectively, but the lowest rates were at the Kaisaniemi station in the south. At the Kajaani station in central Finland, the intensity of light precipitation decreased, but very heavy precipitation intensified. At this station, however, the number of both moderate and heavy precipitation events increased over time. Finally, historical variations in both the intensity and frequency of graded daily precipitation events in Finland showed significant relationships with different climate teleconnections, particularly the Scandinavia (SCAND) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) patterns.
Stability Study and Strengthening Strategy of Spiral Case-Encased Concrete Structure of Pumped Storage Power Station
Authors: Zhao Yun , Li Xiji , Lu Yonggang , Dong Haiyang , Sun Chuanzhen , Wang Zhengwei
Published: September 2024

With the development of global hydropower, the scale of hydropower stations is increasing, and the operating conditions are becoming more complex, so the stable operation of hydropower stations is very important. The vibration of the turbine unit will cause resonance in the powerhouse, and the structural stability of the powerhouse will be affected. Many scholars pay attention to the stability of the turbine unit operation, and there are few studies on the powerhouse of the hydropower station. Therefore, this paper relies on the Weifang Hydropower Station project to study key issues such as the tensile strength of concrete and how to arrange steel bars to increase the structural stability by changing the material properties through FEA. Three schemes are designed to evaluate the safety of the powerhouse structure when the turbine unit is running through the safety factor. Our findings indicate that the stress variation patterns observed on the inner surface of the powerhouse remain consistent across different operating scenarios. Notably, along the spiral line of the worm section, we observed that the stress levels on the vertical loop line decrease gradually with increasing distance from the inlet. Conversely, stress concentrations arise near the inlet and the tongue. Additionally, it has been noted that the likelihood of concrete cracking increases significantly at the tongue region.
Estimation of Freshwater Discharge from the Gulf of Alaska Drainage Basins
Authors: Xin Peng , Shi Muqing , Mitsudera Humio , Shiraiwa Takayuki
Published: September 2024

The freshwater discharge from catchments along the Gulf of Alaska, termed Alaska discharge, is characterized by significant quantity and variability. Owing to subarctic climate and mountainous topography, the Alaska discharge variations may deliver possible impacts beyond the local hydrology. While short-term and local discharge estimation has been frequently realized, a longer time span and a discussion on cascading impacts remain unexplored in this area. In this study, the Alaska discharge during 1982–2022 is estimated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The adequate balance between the model complexity and the functional efficiency of SWAT suits the objective well, and discharge simulation is successfully conducted after customization in melting calculations and careful calibrations. During 1982−2022, the Alaska discharge is estimated to be 14,396 ± 819 m3⋅s−1⋅yr−1, with meltwater contributing approximately 53%. Regarding variation in the Alaska discharge, the interannual change is found to be negatively correlated with sea surface salinity anomalies in the Alaska Stream, while the decadal change positively correlates with the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation, with reasonable time lags in both cases. These new findings provide insights into the relationship between local hydrology and regional climate in this area. More importantly, we provide rare evidence that variation in freshwater discharge may affect properties beyond the local hydrology.
Detection and Measurement of Bacterial Contaminants in Stored River Water Consumed in Ekpoma
Authors: Tenebe Imokhai T. , Babatunde Eunice O. , Ogarekpe Nkpa M. , Emakhu Joshua , Etu Egbe-Etu , Edo Onome C. , Omeje Maxwell , Benson Nsikak U.
Published: September 2024

This study was conducted in Ekpoma, a town dependent on rainwater and river water from nearby areas because of a lack of groundwater sources, and the physicochemical and bacteriological (heterotrophic plate count [HPC], total coliform count [TCC], and fecal coliform count [FCC]) properties of 123 stored river water samples grouped into five collection districts (EK1 to EK5). The results were compared with regulatory standards and previous regional studies to identify water quality trends. While most physicochemical properties met drinking water standards, 74% of samples had pH values > 8.5. Twenty-seven samples were fit for drinking, with EK4 having the highest number of bacterio-logically unsuitable samples. Ten bacterial species were identified, with Gram-negative short-rod species such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella typhimurium being predominant. HPC values varied from 367 × 10⁴ to 1320 × 10⁴ CFU/mL, with EK2 (2505 × 10⁴ CFU/mL) and EK5 (1320 × 10⁴ CFU/mL) showing particularly high counts. The TCC values ranged from 1049 × 10⁴ to 4400 × 10⁴ CFU/mL, and the FCC values from 130 × 10⁴ to 800 × 10⁴ CFU/mL, all exceeding WHO limits (1.0 × 102 CFU/mL). Historical data show no improvement in water quality, emphasizing the need for individuals to treat water properly before consumption. The findings provide baseline data for local water authorities and serve as a wake-up call for adequate water treatment, storage interventions, and community education on water security. Additionally, this study offers a practical process for improving the quality of water stored in similar regions.
Simulation and Analysis of Water Quality Improvement Measures for Plain River Networks Based on Infoworks ICM Model: Case Study of Baoying County, China
Authors: Zhu Qiande , Fang Kaibin , Zhu Dexun , Li Xinran , Chen Xiaoyu , Han Song , Chen Feng , Gao Chuang , Sun Jun , Tang RongJie , Chen Yu , Yin Siyuan
Published: September 2024

The water environment of plain river networks can be self-cleaning to a certain extent, but if the wastewater load exceeds a certain threshold, it can disturb the natural balance and cause water pollution. This underlines the importance of water pollution control measures. However, the development of water pollution control measures requires a large number of hydrological and hydrodynamic parameters and the establishment of corresponding relationships through modelling. Therefore, this study mainly used the Infoworks ICM model to construct a detailed hydrological–hydrodynamic water environment analysis model for the Yundong area of Baoying County, Yangzhou City, China, screened the main pollution source areas and pollution time periods of the typical rivers in the study area, and proposed effective improvement measures according to the actual situation of the study area. The results show that after the synergistic effect of multiple measures, the water quality can reach the Class III standard (GB3838-2002). This study can provide a reference for the water environment management and improvement of the plain river network and has good application prospects.
Continuity within a community integrated palliative care model and the influence of remote and digital approaches to care: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Ladds Emma , Ivey Malaika , Gadsby Katrina , Preest Elin , Samuels Ffion , Bradley Victoria
Published: September 2024

Background

Demand for palliative care is rising. Recent UK policy approaches promote integrated care models — collaborations between GPs and multidisciplinary specialists — and remote and digital practices. The extent to which different forms of continuity are supported within this evolving context is currently unclear.

Aim

To explore the experience of continuity and impact of remote and digital practices within an integrated palliative care model.

Design & setting

A qualitative interview study of patients and bereaved relatives recruited from a GP practice list and healthcare professionals delivering the integrated palliative care service for that population.

Method

Twenty narrative and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 patients, relatives, and professionals between May 2022 and November 2023. They explored how care was delivered or received, focusing on coherency and the use of remote and digital practices. Data were theorised using a novel framework that considered psychodynamic, biomedical, sociotechnical, and sociopolitical domains of continuity.

Results

The need for human care and connection were of primary importance and affected by intersubjective, biomedical, sociotechnical, and sociopolitical factors that influenced continuity of care. Despite the logistical ease of remote and digital practices, professionals had to work harder or around technologies to provide a ‘caring’ service. This was exacerbated by a lack of co-localisation, loss of longitudinal relationships, and reduction in tacit knowledge.

Conclusion

Numerous complex factors and the exacerbating effects of remote and digital practices influence continuity and coherency within an integrated palliative care model.
Vulnerabilidades, resistências e inclusão
Authors: Salles Fidalgo Sueli , Carvalho Maria de Fátima , Miranda da Cruz Fernanda
Published: September 2024

ste é o volume 7 da Coleção Educação e Saúde, uma iniciativa de docentes, discentes e pesquisadores, credenciados no Programa de Pós- Graduação em Saúde e Educação na Infância e na Adolescência (PPGESIA), da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). No presente volume, os textos tratam de inclusão e vulnerabilidades – especialmente (mas não exclusivamente) de crianças, adolescentes e jovens. As vulnerabilidades são vistas sob diferentes óticas: pelas ações governamentais que, durante vários anos, deixaram a educação à margem das prioridades na área de investimento, por exemplo; por questões de migrações e a falta de organização escolar para receber crianças falantes de outras línguas; por questões relativas ao que hoje chamamos de interseccionalidade (i.e., conceito sociológico que busca explicar as interações de marcadores ou fatores sociais nas vidas das pessoas, especialmente, de grupos que conhecemos como minorias); por questões relativas às necessidades educacionais específicas ou deficiências, transtornos, etc.; por questões relativas às ações afirmativas implantadas no próprio PPGESIA e o percurso trilhado até o momento, entre outras.
Nursing care for pregnant women with gestational hypertension: an integrative literature review
Authors: Oliveira Erika Galvão de , Santos Cícero Yago Lopes dos , Braga Maria Bruna , Lima Rafael da Silva , Moreira Rita Simone Lopes
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a disorder that can occur after the 20th week of pregnancy, during childbirth, and up to 48 hours after childbirth. Signs that may be indicative of this condition are: nausea; headache and visual disturbances; pain in the epigastric region; accelerated weight gain; arterial hypertension. Edema and proteinuria are complementary symptoms that do not depend on them to make a diagnosis. Objective: To analyze the evidence available in the literature on the topic: nursing care for women with gestational hypertension. Methodology: This is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The descriptors were: Pregnancy; Preeclampsia; Nursing care. The inclusion criteria were articles in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, the full texts of which are available for free and in full, in the period from 2016 to 2021. Studies that were not in accordance with the research problem, studies that did not, were excluded from the research. They were scientific articles and duplicate articles. Results: Initially, 182 articles were found and after analysis, the final sample consisted of 10 articles which were subdivided into thematic categories, namely: Profile of pregnant women with gestational hypertension and nursing care for pregnant women with gestational hypertension. Conclusion: It is considered that characterizing the profile of pregnant women is important, as it contributes to the identification of risks, aiming to reduce health problems. It was possible to observe the importance of Systematization of Nursing Care (Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem - SAE) in actions aimed at caring for the disease and emotional support. Thus, it becomes relevant to the unique nursing care for each of the patients, being essential for early adequate interventions, providing a safe pregnancy for the mother-fetus binomial.
Factors Influencing the Use of Tobacco Among Youth in Low-Income, Lower-Middle-Income, and Upper-Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mangrio Fahad Ali , Uthis Penpaktr , Rojnawee Suwimon
Published: September 2024

Background: The use of tobacco is a significant global public health issue. According to the World Health Organization, tobacco use is a considerable risk factor for many diseases and causes more than 8 million deaths per year, with a disproportionate impact on low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to identify the factors influencing tobacco use among youth in low-income, lower-middle-income, and upper-middle-income countries. Study Design: A system review. Methods: The review followed the PRISMA guidelines, and the protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023430552). Several data sources were utilized, including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ProQuest, and cross-sectional data from participants aged 15‒24 underwent investigation. Original full-text articles have been published between 2015 and 2023. Out of the 2892 studies, 20 were included in this review after two reviewers confirmed the eligibility criteria. Results: The average age of the participants was (mean±standard deviation: 19.45±1.686). Most studies were conducted in lower-middle and upper-middle-income countries. Frequently reported influences were at the individual and social levels, including demographic, economic, and psychological parameters, attitude and knowledge, individual behavioral factors, parental education, family member tobacco use, stressful life events, and social networks. At the environmental level, factors included secondhand smoke exposure, community context, media channels, and access to tobacco. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated a significant association between youth tobacco use and individual-, social-, and environmental-level factors. Consequently, specific interventions targeting these factors should be deployed to mitigate youth tobacco use in various socioeconomic settings.
Retention in Care Among People Living with HIV in Nigeria: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Olawepo John O. , O'Brien Katherine , Papasodoro Julia , Coombs Philip E. , Singh Neha , Gupta Shubhi , Bhan Aarushi , Olakunde Babayemi O. , Ezeanolue Echezona E.
Published: September 2024

Background: In 2021, Nigeria had an estimated 1.9 million people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) and 1.7 million (90%) on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Study Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: This meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. We searched PubMed, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL, Global Index Medicus, and Cochrane Library. Studies were included if they reported on ART retention in care among PLHIV in Nigeria. The random-effects meta-analyses were used to combine the studies that had complete retention data. The I2 statistic was used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies. A sensitivity analysis was then done by conducting a leave-one-out analysis. Afterward, data were analyzed using STATA version 18. Results: The search yielded 966 unique articles, of which 52 studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis, and four experimental studies were split into their component arms. The total number of study participants was 563,410, and the pooled retention rate was 72% (95% CI: 67%, 76%; I2=99.9%; n=57). Sub-analysis showed that the Southeast region of Nigeria had the highest retention of 86% (95% CI: 78%, 92%), and the South-South had the lowest retention (58%; 95% CI: 38%, 79%). Conclusion: In Nigeria, the pooled ART retention rate is less than optimal to achieve the UNAIDS goal of 95%, thus developing new models for ART retention is needed.
Sociodemographic Characteristics and Digital Behaviors Associated with the Use of Fitness and Diet Apps Among Adolescents
Authors: Gazibara Tatjana , Cakic Milica , Cakic Jelena , Grgurevic Anita , Pekemezovic Tatjana
Published: September 2024

Background: Numerous health apps focusing on fitness, nutrition, and physical activity are available, yet many adolescents have never used them. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of the use of fitness and diet apps and related socio-demographic factors and digital behaviors among high school students. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: High school students were recruited from 4 out of 21 public high schools in Belgrade, Serbia. Participants filled out an anonymous questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics and digital behaviors, along with the e-health literacy scale (eHEALS). Adjusted logistic regression was applied for data analysis using SPSS 20. Results: Of the 702 students who completed the questionnaire, 670 used smartphones (95.4%; average age 16.5±1.2 years). The prevalence of fitness and diet app use among girls was 29.7% and 9.6%, as well as 17.3% and 3.6% among boys, respectively. Having higher family income, having better e-health literacy, browsing websites about fitness and diet, and using diet apps but not watching YouTube were associated with the use of fitness apps among girls. Being younger and browsing fitness websites and YouTube were associated with the use of fitness apps among boys. Being younger, browsing websites about diet, and using fitness apps were associated with the use of diet apps among girls. Conclusion: Based on the findings, girls used fitness and diet apps more often than boys. Practical demonstrations on how to utilize certain health apps could be an additional opportunity to support positive health behaviors among adolescents.
The Lag -Effects of Air Pollutants and Meteorological Factors on COVID-19 Infection Transmission and Severity: Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Mohammadi Dashtaki Nadia , Mirahmadizadeh Alireza , Fararouei Mohammad , Mohammadi Dashtaki Reza , Hoseini Mohammad , Nayeb Mohammad Reza
Published: September 2024

Background: Exposure to air pollution is a major health problem worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the level of air pollutants and meteorological parameters with their related lag time on the transmission and severity of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) using machine learning (ML) techniques in Shiraz, Iran. Study Design: An ecological study. Methods: In this ecological research, three main ML techniques, including decision trees, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), have been applied to correlate meteorological parameters and air pollutants with infection transmission, hospitalization, and death due to COVID-19 from 1 October 2020 to 1 March 2022. These parameters and pollutants included particulate matter (PM2), sulfur dioxide (SO2 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), nitric oxide (NO), ozone (O3 ), carbon monoxide (CO), temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), dew point (DP), air pressure (AP), and wind speed (WS). Results: Based on the three ML techniques, NO2 (lag 5 day), CO (lag 4), and T (lag 25) were the most important environmental features affecting the spread of COVID-19 infection. In addition, the most important features contributing to hospitalization due to COVID-19 included RH (lag 28), T (lag 11), and O3 (lag 10). After adjusting for the number of infections, the most important features affecting the number of deaths caused by COVID-19 were NO2 (lag 20), O3 (lag 22), and NO (lag 23). Conclusion: Our findings suggested that epidemics caused by COVID-19 and (possibly) similarly viral transmitted infections, including flu, air pollutants, and meteorological parameters, can be used to predict their burden on the community and health system. In addition, meteorological and air quality data should be included in preventive measures.
Dietary Inflammatory Index and Head and Neck Cancer: A Multicenter Case-Control Study in Iran
Authors: Narmcheshm Saba , Seyyedsalehi Monireh Sadat , Sasanfar Bahareh , Rashidian Hamideh , Hadji Maryam , Mohebbi Elham , Naghibzadeh-Tahami Ahmad , Boffetta Paolo , Toorang Fatemeh , Zendehdel Kazem
Published: September 2024

Background: The inflammatory potential of diet may affect carcinogenesis. This study aimed to determine the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC), as well as the interaction between DII and cigarette smoking in HNC development within the Iranian population. Study Design: This is a case-control study. Methods: In this multicenter case-control study, participants’ dietary intake was assessed using a validated 130-item food frequency questionnaire, from which DII was computed. The study recruited 876 new cases from referral hospitals across 10 provinces and 3409 healthy controls who were frequency-matched based on age, gender, and residential place. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) for HNC across tertiles of DII, which were adjusted for confounding variables. Results: A higher pro-inflammatory diet was associated with an increased risk of all HNC (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 1.31 [1.06, 1.62]; P-trend=0.013). There was a significant association between lip and oral cavity cancers and DII (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 1.56 [1.16, 1.66]; P-trend=0.004). Furthermore, an inflammatory diet was associated with an increased risk of pharynx cancer (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 2.08 [1.14, 3.79]; P-trend=0.02). Additionally, no significant association was observed between DII and larynx cancer, while an interaction was found between DII and tobacco use on the risk of HNC (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 2.52 [1.78, 3.57]; P-interaction=0.03). Conclusion: DII was positively associated with HNC risk. There was a significant association between DII and the risk of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancers. Additionally, there was an interaction between tobacco use and DII in determining the risk of HNC.
Enhancing Detection and Mitigation of Toxicity in Marine Biota from Drilling Activities
Authors: Nurhayati
Published: September 2024

The growing demand for petroleum-based energy has significantly contributed to environmental pollution, particularly in the oil mining industry. This study aims to evaluate the toxicity of oil drilling mud on marine biota, using tiger shrimp (Monodon peneus) as bioindicators. The shrimp were exposed to various mud concentrations (100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.25%, 1.25%, and 0%) and observed over time intervals of 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. The methodology involved direct observation of the shrimp's survival rates at each mud concentration. The results revealed a significant decline in survival rates at higher mud concentrations, with a strong positive correlation (r = 0.81) between mud concentration and toxicity. The pH levels remained stable and alkaline (7.81–8.28), while turbidity at lower concentrations (6.25%) was within acceptable limits after 96 hours, with a strong correlation (r = 0.73). These findings underscore the importance of stringent monitoring and management of drilling mud disposal to safeguard marine ecosystems, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14: Life Below Water.
Криптозахист інформаційних об'єктів шляхом блокових перетворень із позиційної системи числення в систему лишкових класів
Authors: Матов О. Я. , Василенко В. С. , Василенко М. Ю.
Published: September 2024

Запропоновано використання блокового криптографічного перетворення з використанням системи числення в лишкових класах для задач забезпечення конфіденційності інформаційних об'єктів автоматизованих систем.
Вплив теплових процесів в Si/AIIIBV RGB-матрицях світлодіодів на реверсивне мікропроцесорне управління освітленням
Authors: P. V. Deminskyi  , V. I. Osinskyi
Published: September 2024

Обґрунтовано необхідність впровадження монолітно інтегрованих Si/AIIIBV RGB-джерел світла. Проаналізовано вплив динаміки температурних змін на реверсивний режим включення сві-тлодіодів як фотоприймачів у інтегрованих Si/AIIIBV RGB-джерелах світла. Досліджено вплив тем-пературної динаміки на довжину хвилі, інтенсивність випромінювання та колірну температуру досліджуваних зразків. Досліджено силу світла діодних джерел видимого випромінювання залеж-но від температури. Обґрунтовано необхідність використання при реалізації Si/AIIIBV RGB-джерел світла декількох світлодіодів у рознесені в часі моменти в реверсивному режимі включення. Табл.: 2. Іл.: 3. Бібліогр.: 13 найм.
Алгоритм розрахунку параметрів кільцевих фокусуючих мікропризмових структур
Authors: Antonov E. E.
Published: September 2024

Запропоновано алгоритм розрахунків параметрів мікропризмових елементів для фокусування оптичних зображень і створення датчиків біосенсорних систем. Виконано розрахунки залежності кута заломлення мікропризм від радіуса кільцевих заломлюючих структур для варіантів постійного кроку мікрорельєфу та постійної його глибини. Проведено аналіз шляхів поліпшення оптичних характеристик шляхом використання рефракційно-дифракційних структур. Таблиця.: 1. Іл.: 11. Бібліогр.: 6 найм.
Практичні аспекти моделювання змін у топології глобальних комп’ютерних мереж
Authors: V. Yu. Zubok
Published: September 2024

Проведено дослідження топології певних сегментів Інтернету для знаходження сильно навантажених зв’язків і вузлів, передбачення її поведінки в разі змін у топології, обрання найбільш надійних вузлів-сусідів і провайдерів. Розроблено методику та інструментарій збору інформації про маршрути та моделювання, який дозволяє «емалювати» топологічні зміни (такі як атака на найбільших «посередників») та проаналізувати глобальну ефективність і вразливість у мережі з чисельною кількістю вузлів і зв’язків. Також описано методику моделювання приєднання нових вузлів і критерії утворення нових зв’язків. Табл.: 2. Іл.: 6. Бібліогр.: 10 найм.
CYCLIC DEPOSITS OF POTASH IN SASKATCHEWAN
Authors: Klingspor A. M.
Published: September 2024

Exploration for hydrocarbons and potash in the Regina area has confirmed the presence of thick beds of sylvinitic potash ore. Mineralization is concentrated in three grouped intervals in the upper part of the Prairie Evaporite Formation of Middle Devonian age. Observed variations in composition, texture and fabric are believed to prove the primary nature of the ores discussed. The gross intervals, therefore, are interpreted to represent three major successive cycles of regression. Each major cycle is composed of numerous rhythms of deposition fluctuating from halite to sylvite, commonly commencing and ending with a small hiatus expressed by a fine clay lamina.

The ore in the lowermost potash beds has excellent industrial qualities where it combines high grade with low insoluble content and coarse crystallinity. The ores in the younger zones, although locally of high grade, are more contaminated by insolubles and have a finer crystal fabric.
COMPACTION — A DISCUSSION
Authors: Gretener P. E. , Labute G. J.
Published: September 2024

A brief discussion is presented of the factors that influence the compaction a formation has undergone. It is shown that these factors are: lithology, initial thickness, maximum effective pressure, and the rate at which pressure is applied.
THE UPPER DETACHMENT IN CONCENTRIC FOLDING
Authors: Dahlstrom C. D. A.
Published: September 2024

During concentric folding the deformed rocks are divided into two or more discrete structural units. In the Fernie Basin area the internal structure and both boundaries of one concentrically folded panel can be studied. This structural-lithic unit is separated from the overlying rocks by a decollement and from the underlying rocks by a major thrust which probably was a decollement during folding. Recognizing these relationships requires the application of the principle of down-plunge projection.
A STUDY OF THE FOSSIL POLLEN WODEHOUSEIA SPINATA. I. ULTRASTRUCTURE AND COMPARISONS TO SELECTED MODERN TAXA. II. OPTICAL MICROSCOPIC RECOGNITION OF FOOT LAYERS IN DIFFERENTIALLY STAINED FOSSIL POLLEN AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE
Authors: Leffingwell Harry A. , Larson Donald A. , Valencia Mark J.
Published: September 2024

Pollen of Wodehouseia spiruita. Stanley, 1961, obtained from a sample of the Upper Cretaceous Lance Formation in east-central Wyoming, was studied with the scanning and transmission electron microscopes. The apertures and wall stratification indicate that Wodehouseia spinata is an angiospermous pollen. Its ektexine consists of a columella layer and a tectum, but lacks a foot layer; its endexine is a single, unstructured layer. The flange is formed entirely of ektexine, which separates from the endexine and protrudes in a narrow circumferential area about the grain. The flange surfaces are closely appressed, and supported internally by long, radiating projections which emerge through the tectum of the flange as small spines. The columella layer in the flange wall is reduced in height.

Although Wodehouseia is grossly similar to Impatiens, Beloperone, and Justicia, its ultrastructure is so fundamentally different as to render any generic relationships extremely improbable.
Fungsi Kognitif Skala MOCA-INA pada Peserta PPDS Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif: Perbandingan Sebelum dan Setelah Jaga di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Wonggo Tesalonika , Kambey Barry I. , Lalenoh Diana C.
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Shift duty can negatively impact cognitive function among residents of Specialist Program. This study aimed to obtain the differences in cognitive function of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy (ATI) residents at Universitas Sam Ratulangi before and after on-call duty at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado. This was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were residents of ATI who completed the Indonesian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-INA) before and 24 hours after on-call duty. The results showed a total of 31 residents as samples with a proportion of 24 (77.4%) males and seven (22.6%) females. There was a decline in most cognitive domains, with a statistical analysis demonstrating a decrease in the mean MoCA-INA score from 26.8387 to 25.0000, accompanied by a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05) and a Z-score < -2 obtained from the Wilcoxon test. In conclusion, there is a significant difference in cognitive function of residents of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Specialist Program of Universitas Sam Ratulangi before and after on-call duty at the hospital. This is possibly due to cognitive overload caused by the shift duty.
Keywords: cognitive function; MoCA-INA; shift duty; specialist program
 
Abstrak: Tugas jaga yang berat dapat berdampak negatif terhadap fungsi kognitif peserta Program Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis (PPDS). Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat perbedaan fungsi kognitif PPDS Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif (ATI) Universitas Sam Ratulangi sebelum dan sesudah jaga di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional dengan desain potong-lintang pada PPDS ATI yang mengisi Montreal Cognitive Assesment versi Indonesia (MoCA-INA) sebelum dan 24 jam setelah jaga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi apakah terdapat perbandingan antara fungsi kognitif pada PPDS sebelum dan setelah menjalani tugas jaga 24 jam. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 31 sampel dengan proporsi laki-laki sebanyak 24 (77,4%) orang dan perempuan sebanyak tujuh (22,6%) orang. Penurunan pada sebagian besar domain kognitif dengan hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan penurunan rerata skor MoCA-INA dari 26,8387 menjadi 25,0000 disertai dengan nilai p<0,05 (p=0,000) dan Z-score <-2 yang diperoleh melalui uji Wilcoxon. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat perbedaan fungsi kognitif PPDS Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif Universitas Sam Ratulangi yang bermakna antara sebelum dan setelah jaga di rumah sakit. Hal ini diduga disebabkan kelebihan beban kognitif akibat tugas jaga.
Kata kunci: fungsi kognitif; MoCA-INA; tugas jaga; residen pendidikan dokter spesialis
Health Promotion Using Dental Story Sticker Media on Prevention Knowledge Caries in Primary School
Authors: Budiman Angga Soleh Setia , Robbihi Hilmiy Ila , Primawati Rena Setiana
Published: September 2024

Background: The results of basic health research in 2018 show that the biggest dental problem in Indonesia is broken/caved/sick teeth (45.3%). The proportion of problems with damaged, cavities or diseased teeth in Garut Regency is 57.61%. Health promotion is an effort to provide knowledge as a basis for behavior change to improve the health status of individuals, families, groups, and communities through learning activities. Dental Story Stickers are a way of conveying information about dental and oral health by using stickers that can be removed and reattached, as well as using storytelling as an outreach method where the instructor tells information about dental and oral health. Objective: To determine the effect of health promotion using dental story sticker media on knowledge of caries prevention in class IV students at State Elementary School 2 Mulyasari, Garut Regency. Method: The type of research is pre-experimental with a one-group pre and post-test design with total sampling technique, and measuring instruments namely questionnaires and statistical tests using the Wilcoxon test.  Results: 18 students (60%) obtained good criteria, 12 students (40%) had sufficient criteria and no good curve criteria (0%). Conclusion: Health promotion using dental story sticker media influences knowledge of preventing dental caries in class IV students at State Elementary School 2 Mulyasari, Garut Regency.
Smart Book Media Education on Preventing Dental Caries
Authors: Prahara Fulvia Rimba , Laela Dewi Sodja , Nurnaningsih Hera , Putri Megananda Hiranya , Heriyanto Yonan , Nurjanah Neneng
Published: September 2024

Dental caries problems are experienced by most elementary school children in Indonesia. Lack of children's knowledge about preventing dental caries affects their behavior in maintaining dental and oral health. Efforts to prevent dental caries can be done by providing dental and oral health education to children through learning media aids, namely smart books. The purpose of the study was to see the effect of smart book media education on preventing dental caries in elementary school students. The type of research used was pre-experiment with a One Group Pre-Test Post-Test Design. The sample was taken by random sampling, the sample size was based on the Isaac and Michael formula with an error rate of 5% and 37 elementary school students in grade 5 were obtained. The variables in the study were smart books and dental caries prevention. Smart book media has been tested and declared feasible by media experts and material experts. Hypothesis testing using Wilcoxon Sign Rank. The results of the study showed an increase in caries prevention behavior in all students (100%) from the aspects of Knowledge, Attitude and Action after being given education through smart books. Wilcoxon Sign Rank analysis showed that there was a significant influence of the results of smart book education on dental caries prevention behavior in the aspects of Knowledge, Attitude, and Action 0.001 (p < 0.05). The use of smart books as an educational medium has been proven to be able to increase dental caries prevention behavior effectively in elementary school children. Elementary school students become more aware of the efforts that must be made to prevent caries
Efforts to Improve Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors about Dental and Oral Health Through the Use of TikTok App for Pregnant Women
Authors: Fratiwi Winda , Kristiani Anie , Anang Anang
Published: September 2024

Background: Pregnancy is one of the factors that can cause an increase in dental and oral health problems. This condition occurs due to increased levels of the hormones estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy, which is associated with an increase in the amount of plaque attached to the surface of the teeth and oral hygiene which tends to be neglected due to nausea and vomiting in the morning (morning sickness), especially in the early stages of pregnancy. Providing counseling by utilizing TikTok can be an effective way for pregnant women to increase knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about dental and oral health. Research: The purpose of this research is to create and develop dental health promotion by using the Tiktok App to increase knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about dental and oral health in pregnant women at the posyandu Village in the Mangkubumi Health Center area. Research: The type of research conducted was R&D research. Research: Tiktok App about dental and oral health can improve the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of pregnant women. P value of knowledge 0.000, attitude 0.000 and behavior 0.000. Conclussion: Dental health promotion using the Tiktok App can increase knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about dental and oral health in pregnant women at the posyandu Village in the Mangkubumi Health Center area
Assistência de enfermagem às emergências psiquiátricas
Authors: Salvador Aizia , Nascimento Agnete Troelsen Pereira , Santos Valéria Ribeiro , Alves Manuela Bastos , Pereira Rosany Cláudia Dantas , Cruz Crislene Rodrigues da
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a assistência de enfermagem e os seus entraves frente às urgências e emergências psiquiátricas no Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência. Método: revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS, BDENF e MEDLINE (via BVS). Utilizou-se a estratégia PICo. Exportou-se as referências identificadas para o gerenciador EndNote e depois para o aplicativo web Rayyan para a seleção dos estudos. Resultados: dos 2651 estudos identificados, 07 foram incluídos para a análise final. Evidenciou-se déficit na capacitação profissional, fragilidade na rede de saúde mental, concepção fragmentada da crise psiquiátrica, uso de protocolos gerais, práticas coercitivas, contenções e apoio policial, que reverberam em uma assistência de enfermagem inadequada aos indivíduos em crise. Conclusão: A assistência prestada às urgências e emergências psiquiátricas no Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência é ineficiente, ineficaz, mecanizada e desumana, infringindo as legislações e normas vigentes, indo de encontro ao ideário da reforma psiquiátrica brasileira e fortalecendo a psiquiatria clássica.
Libertà fra tardo medioevo e prima età moderna: il mondo germanofono
Authors: Maissen Thomas
Published: September 2024

The author broadens the question of the genesis of the republican experiences to a perspective that is not merely Italian. The space investigated is that of the empire between the late Middle Ages and the early modern age, the scene of a clear evolution of the idea of ​​freedom as a privilege towards a modern conception of freedom. The author highlights how the freedom of the German cities of the late Middle Ages did not refer to political participation but to urban autonomy towards the outside world and to the enjoyment of collective privileges (iura et libertates) by the inhabitants, cives and subjects alike time. Instead, it was in the cities of the Swiss confederation, small territorial states led by patricians or guild magistrates, that an emancipation took shape in the early modern age which replaced monarchic privileges with the republican concept of sovereign freedom.
Una rete di integrazione: il matrimonio
Authors: Orlando Ermanno
Published: September 2024

The author addresses the theme of the integration of foreigners starting from marriage as a mediation tool (so far not investigated in this way) and comparing two cities that experienced intense immigration phenomena, Venice and Rome. The analysis focuses on endogamous and exogamous marriage to understand the methods that allowed the immigrant to become part of consolidated professional and social networks. The attention to cohabitations and more uxorio ties, recognized by the church as presumptions of marriage, as well as plural marriages of immigrants, appears original.
Immigrati, aree suburbane, identità di quartiere
Authors: Scherman Matthieu
Published: September 2024

The author proposes a key to understanding the presence of immigrants within cities that has so far been less frequented by studies, examining the settlement in suburban areas and the formation of neighborhood identities: the focus of the intervention is the city of Treviso, whose estimates allow us to analyze the existing links between people who resided in marginal or otherwise disadvantaged areas of the city.
Immagini dei quartieri stranieri nelle città italiane (XVI-XVIII secc.). Luoghi, spazi, architetture
Authors: Zaggia Stefano
Published: September 2024

The contribution reconstructs, starting from a commented iconographic set, how foreign presences have shaped the material and architectural structures of the cities.
Villani incittadinati e cittadini rustici: stereotipi letterari ed esempi di cittadinanza liminale nel tardo medioevo
Authors: Ribani Filippo
Published: September 2024

The author proposes an examination of the types of liminal citizenship by focusing on the Bolognese case of the villani: the forms examined were often aimed at exempting the municipality from fully integrating its taxpayers, who ended up enjoying benefits proportional to the guaranteed financial contribution. Literary sources are taken into consideration, which can sometimes give rise to misunderstandings or a stereotyping of the phenomenon, but which are accompanied here by the analysis of estimates and commissions.
Экономика России: каков он, свой путь развития?
Authors: Крюков В.А.
Published: September 2024

В монографии опубликованы размышления об экономических событиях и процессах, происходящих в социально-экономической жизни России. Ключевое внимание уделено вопросам социально-экономического развития страны, и прежде всего той колоссальной роли, которую играют расстояние, природная среда и культурно-историческое многообразие населяющих ее народов. Книга подготовлена в рамках проекта НИР ИЭОПП СО РАН № 121040100279-5. Монография представляет интерес для специалистов по проблемам экономики России, а также для всех тех, кто интересуется особенностями социально-экономических процессов в нашей стране.
Preparation Pharmaceutical Formulation of Sulphathiazole Nanoparticles in a Spray form for Treatment Fungal and Acterial Skin Infections
Authors: Issa Ahmed Jubair , Mahdi Feryal Majeed , Kadhim Quraish Abbas , Ahmed Sundus Hameed , Shaheed Abdul Jalil A.
Published: September 2024

The Objective of this research to convert sulfamethoxazole to nano-sulfamethoxazole by Sol-gel method and prepare a pharmaceutical formulation of sulfamethaxazole, prepared at a concentration of 0.25% and in the form of a spray to treat fungal and bacterial infections resulting from wounds of skin, its good for heath. The nano particles characterized by powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed successful that nano sphere sulfamethoxazole and it size between (37-55) nm, all these tests showed different type of nanostructures such as nanotubes and nanoparticles, other biological test MIC & MBC show superior biological activity. The stability of the prepared formula was studied for 6 months under temperature conditions (30, 40) degrees Celsius and relative humidity (70, 75) controlled, which showed the stability and stability of the composition. An experiment was also conducted on laboratory animals (mice) by making a wound in them and treating with the prepared formula with a comparison with the normal non-nanostructure.