bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Historicizing Contemporary Capitalism: Future Retrospection and Temporal Estrangement in Kim Stanley Robinson’s New York 2140 and Nora K. Jemisin’s Emergency Skin
Authors: Gilarek Anna
Published: December 2022

The paper looks at the historicizing approach adopted in two recent science-fiction books: Kim Stanley Robinson’s novel New York 2140 (2017) and Nora K. Jemisin’s novella Emergency Skin (2019). In both, the authors’ present is approached from the vantage point of a speculatively posited future and looked upon as the historical past of the text. The hypothesized temporal distance is meant to challenge and recalibrate the reader’s perception of contemporary capitalism.

Based on Robinson’s and Jemisin’s narratives, the paper discusses the historicity and mimetic potential of science fiction, manifested in the genre’s ability to situate the present as part of a historical process for an enhanced understanding of contemporary trends and their projected trajectories. In the two texts, the dichotomy between the envisioned future and the present-as-past is paralleled by a utopian/dystopian dialectic, wherein the reality of late capitalism is unequivocally identified as dystopian. The utopian and science-fiction perspectives combined produce the effect of cognitive estrangement, which entails a perceptual renewal with regard to capitalism, whose alleged incontestable status is challenged by the exposure of its historical mutability.

The aim of the analysis is to demonstrate that historicizing contemporary capitalism within science fiction may challenge the ideological hegemony of neoliberalism, expose its dystopian features, and indicate possibilities for the transformation of a system that proclaims to have no alternatives. Such historicization may produce an epistemic shift in the reader’s perception of the contemporary socioeconomic reality, by emphasizing both its unrecognized flaws and its (r)evolutionary potential.
The Past, the Present and the Future: Time in Monica’s Kitchen
Authors: Keating Marzena
Published: December 2022

Situated within the fields of culinary history, the history of everyday life and narrative studies, this article, based on a content analysis of Monica Sheridan’s cookbook entitled Monica’s Kitchen, explores various ways in which time manifests itself in this publication. This research aims to illustrate that cookbooks can be treated as a valuable source for an analysis of the past, the present and the future, and ultimately, add to the growing body of research focused on an Irish culinary history of the twentieth century.
Hydrogenation of CO in the Presence of Fe-Containing Materials Based on Carbon Supports
Authors: Ivantsov M.I. , Krysanova K.O. , Grabchak A.A. , Kulikova M.V.
Published: December 2022

Hydrothermal carbonization of lignin was used to prepare a precursor of a carbon-containing support to obtain supported iron-containing catalysts for the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide. In the paper, the possibility of forming a carbon support prone to the deposition of metal ions was investigated. Deep structural transformations occurring in the polymer matrix of lignin were demonstrated by FTIR spectroscopy. The thermal stability of the support material was determined by thermal analysis in the region up to 400 °C. The formation of magnetite nanoparticles with a size of about 7‒8 nm at the stage of preliminary calcination of the metal-carbon system was shown by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). It was found that the resulting systems have high activity comparable to the activity of the system based on activated carbon: the conversion of carbon monoxide reached 98%, the yield of C5+ hydrocarbons reached 72 g/m3.
Influence of Adhesion Additives on the Grip of Bitumen to Stone Material and Water Resistance of Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Salakhov R.Kh. , Kenzhegaliyeva A.P. , Abdikarimov M.S. , Mansurov B.A. , Elshibaev A.O. , Nugmanova A.U. , Ashimova S.Zh. , Teltaev B.B. , Khamidi A.R.
Published: December 2022

The primary condition for obtaining high-quality asphalt concrete is good adhesion of bitumen to mineral material, which is ensured by good wetting and chemical interaction of the components. The solution to this problem is achieved by using adhesive additives with surface-active properties that enhance adsorption and chemisorption processes on the surface of the mineral material. This paper presents the results of an experimental study to determine the effect of adhesive additives on the adhesion of bitumen to stone material. For this work, bitumen of the BND 100/130 brand with adhesive additives “Wetfix Be”, Amdor-9 and AlfaDob were used. The elemental and phase compositions of the stone material of 10 quarries of the Republic of Kazakhstan were determined using X-ray fluorescence and X-ray phase analyses. The elemental composition showed the content of oxides: CaO, MgO, Fe2O3, Al2O3, and oxides: SiO2, K2O, Na2O, CO2 in minerals. Based on the results of the X-ray phase analysis, the percentage mineralogical composition of stone materials was determined and the total silicon dioxide was calculated based on the chemical formula corresponding to certain minerals.
Encapsulation of Insulin in Biodegradable Polymers
Authors: Yerlan G.Ye. , Tyussyupova B.B. , Tazhibayeva S.M. , Musabekov K.B. , Balabushevich N.G. , Kokanbayev A.K.
Published: December 2022

Encapsulation of insulin into alginate particles was carried out by the method of ionotropic gelation. To protect against the acidic, alkaline environment of the gastrointestinal tract, alginate particles were coated with gelatin. The optimal concentration of the solution of the crosslinking agent ‒ CaCl2 was determined during the optimization of the particle preparation method. The mechanism of interaction between alginate and gelatin was investigated using FTIR spectroscopy, FTIR spectra data confirm the formation of a polyelectrolyte complex between alginate an-d gelatin. The roughness and morphology of samples were determined by atomic force microscopy. The swelling of particles under simulated pH conditions of various parts of the human gastrointestinal tract was studied. The release of insulin from the particles was evaluated using UV spectroscopy, at pH 6.86; 9.18 the release of insulin reached 50%; 83% relatively.
Uterine fibroids and the problem of deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities. View of a vascular specialist and hematologist
Authors: Chernukha L.M. , Vlasenko O.A. , Rodionova I.O. , Markovets Y.P. , Vlasenko D.A. , Vlaikov H.H.
Published: December 2022

The article provides clinical data and an algorithm for the management of patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids complicated by metrorrhagia and venous thrombotic events.Objective: to improve the treatment of patients with uterine fibroids complicated by abnormal menstrual bleeding, anemia and venous thrombotic events due to the implementation of the developed algorithm for diagnosis and treatment.Materials and methods. The study included 15 patients aged 32–49 years with a diagnosis of uterine fibroids with menorrhagia and iron deficiency anemia, complicated by deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities. Thromboembolism of small branches of the pulmonary artery was diagnosed in 5 (30%) of these patients.The examination algorithm included general clinical tests (general blood and urine analysis, biochemical blood analysis, coagulogram), evaluation of the D-dimer, soluble fibrin monomer complexes, ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound duplex scanning of the veins of lower extremities, electrocardiography, echocardiography, multispiral computed tomography of chest. All patients underwent endometrial biopsy to exclude oncological pathology.The proposed treatment included: uterine artery embolization to stop bleeding, correction of hemostatic parameters, and anticoagulant therapy of venous thrombotic events after stopping bleeding.Results. Bleeding was stopped in all 100% of patients after endovascular uterine artery embolization. The duration of anticoagulant therapy depended on the causes of venous thrombosis and was at least 3–6 months; it was extended for more than 6 months if there were concomitant risk factors.Conclusions. Uterine artery embolization allows quickly and reliably stopping bleeding and immediately starting adequate anticoagulant therapy for venous thrombotic events.
Diagnosis of complex breast cysts using X-ray pneumocystography and endoscopic mammocystoscopy
Authors: Aksonov O.A.
Published: December 2022

Background. Complex cysts of the breast (CCB), in contrast to simple and complicated cysts, are characterized by a high (up to 31.0%) oncological potential. Mammography and ultrasound (US) as the most common methods of radiological diagnosis do not allow to classify CCB on benign and malignant, and in the case of breast cancer (BC) are not detected the establishment of its molecular genetic subtype.Objectives: to analyze and popularize own experience of using endoscopic mammocystoscopy (EMCS) and X-ray pneumocystography (RPCG) for the diagnosis of CCB and biopsy navigation. Materials and methods. The clinical and anamnestic data, the results of radiological, endoscopic and pathomorphological studies in 286 adult women with simple, complicated breast cysts and CCB were analyzed (n = 45, 134 and 142, respectively).Results. The diagnostic and navigation capabilities of US are limited by frequent (18.1%) false-negative results, which are caused by atypical echosemiotics of CCB. Trepan-biopsy under US control becomes impossible when visualization of the CCB disappears, which often occurs during fine-needle aspiration of the liquid component. Technical difficulties arise when imitating a puncture needle with linear hyperechoic structures induced by Cooper’s ligaments, as well as when positioning the CCB in a bulky, non-fixed gland. In terms of diagnostic specificity and prognostic significance of a negative result, RPCG is slightly (5.6 and 4.7%, respectively) inferior to US and in certain clinical situations it can be used to assess the likelihood of BC, and in case of positive results for navigate a stereotaxic сore needle biopsy. EMCS is a low-traumatic procedure that provides direct visual contact with intracystic neoplasms, allows assessing the probability of BC and conducting a pinch biopsy.Conclusions. The consistent combined use of well-known and author’s methods with the involvement of US, RPCG and EMCS according to the given algorithm ensures effective management of CCB at the modern level.
Análisis del poder de decisión de los principales Grupos de Interés Económico (GIEs) dentro del mercado mexicano de las gasolinas y el diésel con información hasta octubre del 2021
Authors: Larios Ferrer José Leonel , Helu Jiménez Alejandro Montufar , Reyes García Juan Carlos
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Analizar el poder de decisión de los principales Grupos de Interés Económico (GIEs) dentro del mercado mexicano de las gasolinas y el diésel al mes de octubre del 2021.
Metodología: Tomando en cuenta a 20 principales GIEs, se aplica la teoría de juegos y simulaciones en Scilab para determinar los elementos del juego generado en dicho mercado.
Resultados: Se encuentra una gran cantidad y diversidad de maneras que las GIEs tienen para formar parte de un grupo dominante en dicho mercado, donde los grupos pequeños pueden tener relevancia. Además, se encuentra que la estabilidad de las alianzas depende de la solidez de la misma y sus condiciones iniciales.
Limitaciones: Sólo se analizan los 20 principales GIEs del mercado mexicano de las gasolinas y el diésel.
Originalidad y valor: No se encontró en la literatura algún trabajo que aplicara la teoría de juegos para analizar este tipo de mercados. La importancia de hacer este tipo de estudios radica en conocer los posibles escenarios donde una coalición de GIEs puede tener un control parcial del mercado de estos petrolíferos.
Conclusiones: Este tipo de estudios puede coadyuvar a la toma de decisiones por parte de las empresas dentro de dicho mercado y por parte del gobierno, en su papel de agente regulador.
The unexpected effects of daylight-saving time: Traffic accidents in Mexican municipalities
Authors: Hancevic Pedro Ignacio , Salas Rodríguez Hugo
Published: December 2022

Objective: Several countries implement the DST policy for energy saving purposes. However, by artificially changing the distribution of daylight, this practice can have unforeseen effects. The objective of this work is to measure the impact of DST on road accidents in Mexico.Methodology: Using hourly data, two empirical strategies are used: regression discontinuity (RDD) and difference-in-differences (DD).Results: The main finding is that DST significantly reduces the total number of accidents in metropolitan areas. However, there are no clear effects on the number of fatal accidents.Limitations/Implications: DST is implemented regardless of demand conditions and the economic cycle. Seasonal changes in prices and production can be difficult to capture before and after the time change. We introduce variables that mitigate the (potential) identification problem.Originality: this is the only study measuring these effects in Mexico (and one of the few with data from emerging countries).Conclusions: The DST is currently being discussed in Mexico, and our study offers a more comprehensive evaluation of the policy, not only from the standpoint of energy efficiency.
Evaluating the potential for multicropping in SE Kazakhstan : Double-cropping corn after winter triticale and winter oilseed rape
Authors: ATAKULOV Tastanbek , KALDYBAYEV Sagynbai , YERZHANOVA Kenzhe , ZHOLAMANOV Kuanysh , SMANOV Ashirali , SEYTZHAN Ainash
Published: December 2022

Double cropping is not presently a common practice in Kazakhstan. The long-term climate averages, however, suggest that the practice should be possible in the most southern portions of the country. The study described herein represents the first simultaneous evaluation of silage and grain corn crops sowing in SE Kazakhstan. Germplasm was chosen such that physiological maturity could theoretically be reached if seeded following winter triticale and winter oilseed rape. Results indicate that, considering the effect of climate change, it has been determined that even if the silage and grain yields are low, the corn grown as a second product has reached the harvest maturity and the product can be obtained. These results clearly demonstrate that with the appropriate selection of cultivar and watering possibility, there is a seeding date window where silage and grain corn can be expected to reach physiological maturity as a double crop in SE Kazakhstan.
The Antimicrobial Activity of Zingiber Officinale Extract (Ginger), Coconut Oil and a Combination of Coconut Oil and Ginger Extract from Different Locations, at Different Concentrations on Wound Infection Bacteria
Authors: Seedyal Hemmala , Daniel Ruth , Ansari Abdullah
Published: December 2022

The hexane extracts of ginger root (Zingiber officinale) of the Zingiberaceae family and Coconut; Cocos nucifera a member of the Arecaceae family, from two locations in Guyana were used for the investigation of their antibacterial properties. To evaluate the scientific basis for the use of the plant and plant product, the antimicrobial activities of the extracts were evaluated against three common bacteria found on wound infections; Staphylococcus aureus a gram-positive bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae a Gram-negative, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa a common encapsulated, facultative aerobic and Gram-negative. The disc diffusion method was used to test the antimicrobial activity of the extracts which were evaluated in 20%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% concentrations against each organism in triplicates, and the diameter of the zone of inhibition was measured. There was no significant difference among the plant extracts from the different locations. The results showed that coconut oil in 50% was most effective against Staphylococcus aureus forming zones measuring 19-20mm, the 100% ginger concentration was most effective against Staphylococcus aureus also and the zones measured 23-15mm, the mixture of ginger and coconut oil was equally effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with zones measured 12-15mm. The study also investigated the phytochemical constituents of the plant hexane extracts to test the presence or absence of secondary metabolites. Results of the phytochemical studies revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycoside, phenol, and steroids in the extracts were active against the bacteria.
Ценовая политика организации : теория и практика : учебно-методическое пособие для бакалавров по направлению 38.03.02 – «Менеджмент»
Authors:   Саратовский государственный университет, Леванова Л. Н.
Published: December 2022

Учебно-методическое пособие подготовлено в соответствии с положениями и требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего профессионального образования и требованиями, предъявляемыми к подготовке бакалавров по направлению 38.03.02 «Менеджмент». Пособие состоит из двух частей – теоретической и практической. Теоретическая часть включает основные и обязательные разделы лекций, раскрывающие теоретические положения формирования и реализации ценовой политики организации. Практическая часть включает вопросы для самоконтроля и обсуждения на семинарских занятиях, практические задания для самостоятельной работы студентов, задачи, предусматривающие численные расчеты, позволяющие студентам приобрести практические навыки формирования цен и управления ими, тестовые задания для проверки знаний и подготовки к экзамену. Для студентов, обучающихся по направлениям «Экономика» и «Менеджмент».
Stability of Food Security in Iran; Challenges and Ways Forward: A Narrative Review
Authors: Bagher Ghalibaf Mohammad , Gholami Majid , Mohammadian Nooshin
Published: December 2022

Food security, which is considered to be a public health-related socioeconomic factor, ensures the health of society's people and plays a significant role in improving governance. This concept is closely related to the concept of stability of food. The stability of food means that there should be adequate, quality, and nutritious food for all human beings, in all places and at all times, and no factor should prevent this important issue. Stability in food production and supply is at the heart of food security and makes food systems resilient in times of crisis. The negative impact of climate change on agricultural production, intensified inflationary trends, high food prices, increasing food waste, increasing the need for food imports, and, more significantly, ongoing international sanctions make it difficult to access affordable food and pose challenges to Iran's food security. Moreover, the COVID-19 crisis has reduced the incomes of families and government by intensifying economic pressures on government incomes as well as rising unemployment, which has directly exacerbated food insecurity. The link between indicators of food stability and food security in Iran is the subject of this article. The key indicators selected are the percent of arable land equipped for irrigation, the cereal imports dependency ratio, the value of food imports over total merchandise exports, per capita food production variability, and, per capita food supply variability. Results show Iran is vulnerable to the arable land equipped for irrigation, food imports over total merchandise exports, and the cereal imports dependency ratio while being resilient per capita food production and food supply variability.
Factors Influencing the Eating Behaviors of Young Adults Using the 2013-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Chae Myung-Ock , Park Mi-Young
Published: December 2022

Background: There is a substantial gap in the eating behaviors between the sexes. We aimed to analyze the predictors of eating behaviors by sex in the young adult population.
Methods: We used the data of the sixth and seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency last 2013–2018. Data from 2,502 women and 2,101 men aged 19–29 yr were included in the analysis using frequency, percentage, x2-test, and multiple logistic regression.
Results: Education (0.612, CI=0.465~0.805), economic status (2.104, CI=1.435-3.086), marital status (3.162, CI=2.356~4.243), and household structure (0.403, CI=0.208~0.782) were identified to predict the frequency of dining-out in women, while marital status (0.302, CI=0.121~0.749), economic activity (1.969, CI=1.483~2.613), and household structure (0.243, CI=0.137~0.432) predicted dining-out frequency in men. The current smoking status predicted most eating behaviors, including breakfast skipping frequency (1.864, CI=1.318~2.637), use of supplements (2.062, CI=1.439~2.953), and use of nutrition labels (1.545, 1.084~2.204) for men. Meanwhile, nutrition labeling was used less in both men (0.550, CI=0.343~0.882) and women (0.646, CI=0.473~0.882) who subjective body recognition as obesity.
Conclusion: The factors that primarily predicted the frequency of dining out in young women and the behavior of breakfast skipping, use of nutrition labels, and frequency of dining-out in men can be used as foundational data for developing sex-specific intervention programs to improve eating behaviors.
Effects of Aerobic-Anaerobic Exercise on Social Avoidance, Positive and Negative Affects, and Self-Consciousness of Obese Women
Authors: Wang Lina , Zhou Long
Published: December 2022

Background: We aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic-anaerobic exercise on social avoidance, positive and negative emotions, and self-awareness in obese women as well as provide some basis for guiding them to increase their physical exercise and promote physical and mental health.
Methods: Sixty obese women (body mass index≥23 kg/m2) who volunteered to participate in the experiment were selected in Tianjin, China in 2022, and divided into control group and observation group with 30 people in each group. The control group received normal physical training, whereas the observation group received a uniform diet and an aerobic-anaerobic exercise intervention based on normal physical training that lasted for 12 weeks. The changes in the two groups before and after the intervention were compared.
Results: After intervention, the body fat rate and fat weight of obese women in the observation group were significantly decreased, the lean body weight and muscle weight were significantly increased, and the improvement of body composition index was better than those in the control group was (P<0.05). The obese women in the observation group showed lower scores in negative affect and higher scores in positive affect (P<0.05). The obese women in the observation group showed higher scores in comfort, health assessment, satisfaction of body parts, overweight, gregariousness, anxiety, physical appearance and properties, intelligence, school situation, and behavior, while the observation group received lower scores in social avoidance and social distress.
Conclusion: Aerobic-anaerobic exercise has a better role in strengthening the physical exercise and physical and mental development of obese women.
An Analysis of the Relationship Between Body Composition and Watching Korea’s One Person Muk-Bang (Binge Eating Show) on the Internet
Authors: Bum Ju Sung
Published: December 2022

The Article Abstract is not available.
The Associations between Glenohumeral Range of Motion (ROM) during Off-Season and On-Season and the Ball Speed among Collegiate Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Yang Seung-Won , Kwon Se-Jeong
Published: December 2022

The Article Abstract is not available.
Analysis of Cultural and Social Factors of Happiness in Iranian Students
Authors: Aali Marzieh , Ramazanian Fahandary Hadi
Published: December 2022

The Article Abstract is not available.
Metaverse: A Modern Approach to Medical Tourism Industry
Authors: Shaygani Fatemeh , Ahmadi Marzaleh Milad , Peyravi Mahmoudreza
Published: December 2022

The Article Abstract is not available.
Global Public Health Emphasis Is Imperative to Improve Quality of Life and Reduce Morbidity for the Geriatric Population in Low- And Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Salari Nahand Mahnoosh , Najafabadi Mahboubeh Ghayour , Parvizi Pardis , Anastasio Albert Thomas
Published: December 2022

The Article Abstract is not available.
Muc-1 Family Tumor Markers and Their Role in the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer, Review Article
Authors: Kargar Mansour , Fardid Reza , Farhadi Ali
Published: December 2022

Background & Objective: Tumor markers are elements produced by tumors or other cells in the body in response to cancer or some benign condition. Although most of these markers are made by normal cells as well as cancer cells, they are produced at much higher levels in cancerous conditions. This study aimed to provide a method for using tumor markers to diagnose cancer and detect the presence of metastasis and recurrence of the disease. Materials & Methods: The present narrative review study was done by selecting the appropriate keywords and searching for research and review studies indexed in Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and SID databases. Results: These studies often indicate the effective role of tumor markers in the MUC-1 family (especially Cancer antigen15-3 (CA15-3) and CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) as the most widely used tumor markers in patients with breast cancer. Conclusions: Based on information from studies on tumor markers, the combination of CEA, CA15-3, PRL (prolactin), KL-6 (Kerbs von den Lungen), Thioredoxin 1, and FER (ferritin) tumor markers can increase the sensitivity of early-stage breast cancer detection, and CA15-3 tumor markers can also be used to identify the presence or absence of metastasis to the axillary lymph nodes. The use of ultrasound (especially color Doppler) and its combination with CEA and CA15-3 tumor markers are recommended to improve the accuracy of a breast cancer diagnosis.
The Effects of COVID-19/ACE2 on Pregnancy Events and Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sadeghzadeh Azizeh , Sadeghzadeh Firouzeh , Mahmoudi Fariba
Published: December 2022

Background & Objectives: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was confirmed as the cause of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The disease presents with a wide range of clinical signs and symptoms involving vital organs such as the lungs, heart, gastrointestinal tract, liver, central nervous system, blood, and kidneys. It also potentially affects other organs, including the placenta.The present systematic review aimed to evaluate effects of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnant women, fetuses, and infants born to infected mothers.
Material & Methods: The search fields used in this study were angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor (ACE2), fetus, pregnancy, and SARS-CoV-2. We reviewed articles published in 2020 and 2022. The inclusion criteria were articles on receptor expression, virus entry into the host cell, studies on the characteristics and outcomes of pregnant or recently pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection who were approved and characteristics and outcomes of infants whose mothers were infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Results: The virus uses the ACE2 to enter the cell. The coronavirus can be expected to affect any cell or organ that expresses ACE2. Female reproductive system is one of the systems that express ACE2. The destructive effects of COVID-19 on maternal and fetal health are strongly influenced by the spatial-temporal distribution of ACE2.
Conclusion: The harmful role of COVID-19 in pregnancy is highly controversial, although maternal COVID-19 infection contributes to adverse consequences of pregnancy. There is a limited amount of information on the efficacy of COVID-19 on pregnants and their fetuses.
Optimization of Ion Energy for the Treatment of Cancerous Tumors
Authors: Ghaforyan Hossein , Mohammadi Bilankohi Sara , Khalilpour Habib
Published: December 2022

Background & Objectives: For over 60 years, proton beams and heavy ions have been a powerful ion therapy method for treating cancerous tumors. It is an inherent ability of high-energy ions to discharge their energy at a certain depth with high doses, which is impossible for other beams such as X-rays, gamma rays, and electron beams. Moreover, it is an excellent way to protect healthy tissues in ion therapy.
Materials & Methods: Scientists have used radio frequency (RF) accelerators to generate high-energy ions. However, due to the high price and large devices, laser-plasma accelerators have received much attention. This paper has studied the best conditions for producing high-energy argon ions. For this purpose, the interaction of high-intensity laser pulses with argon nanoclusters is simulated. This simulation is based on the nanoplasma model by the particle in cell method (PIC).
Results: The simulation results show that the ion energy is dependent on the parameters of the irradiated laser and the parameters of the target cluster.
Conclusions: The energy of the ions increases with the intensity of the laser and the duration of the laser pulse. Access to higher energy ions is also possible by changing the radius of the cluster. The density of the initial atoms of the cluster is also an important parameter that influences the energy of ions.
Colonization and Antibiotic Resistance of Nasal Staphylococcus Aureus among Healthcare Workers in Southwestern Iran: Occurrence of OS-MRSA
Authors: Abdullahi Abbas , Montaseri Zahra , Yazdanparast Seyed Saeid , Montaseri Maryam
Published: December 2022

Background & Objectives: Staphylococcus spp. is a resident flora of the skin and mucosa of humans that can colonize the anterior nares of individuals. This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the rate and antibiotic resistance pattern of nasal Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) carriers among the staff of Fasa hospital, southern Iran.
 Materials & Methods: Nasal swab samples were collected from 117 hospital staff working in 12 wards. Microbiological culture method was applied for S. aureus identification. The isolates were confirmed by tuf gene identification using PCR assay. Five isolates were randomly sequenced and phylogenetically analysed using MEGA software. The antimicrobial resistance pattern of the isolates was evaluated using the disc diffusion assay and the amplification of the methicillin resistance (mecA) gene.
Results: The prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriers included 10.26% (n=12). The nasal carriers were identified in the wards of surgery ICU, gynecologic surgery, NICU, pediatric, internal surgery, and emergency. Among them, gynecologic surgery staff had the highest rate of nasal colonization (33.33%). Phylogenetic analysis showed that of five isolates, four had high similarities with each other. Also, the highest rate of resistance was related to penicillin (83.3%), followed by cefazolin (75%), and cephalexin (75%). However, the highest level of susceptibility (100%) was found for vancomycin, cefoxitin, and oxacillin. Furthermore, the methicillin resistance gene (mecA) was highly detected (75%) from the isolates, elucidating oxacillin-susceptible or cefoxitin-susceptible mecA-positive S. aureus (OS-MRSA).
Conclusions: The high rates of OS-MRSA can lead to antibiotic resistance among health care workers tremendously. Moreover, the high similarity probability in phylogenetic analysis shows the possibility of cross-infection between these health care workers, warning to exert effective strategies to control infection spread, especially in the surgery ward.
The Effect of Intravenous and Oral Fluid Therapy on Women with Third Trimester Oligohydramnios of Pregnancy and the Fetus
Authors: Rezaie Keikhaie Khadije , Rezaie Kahkhaie Leli , Saravani Khadijeh , Shahraki Zahra , Ghaffari Hamid Reza , Badi Baigan Saeed , Ahmadzadeh Mozhgan , Nakhaee Moghadam Maryam , Kamali Atefeh
Published: December 2022

Background & Objective: Adequate amniotic fluid volume is one of the most important aspects of fetal health and Oligohydramnios refers to amniotic fluid volume that is less than expected for gestational age. The aim of this study was to compare the trend of amniotic fluid changes in the two groups of oral and injectable before and after fluid therapy.
Materials & Methods: In the present study, pregnant women with oligohydramnios in the third trimester referring to Amir Al-Momenin Hospital (Zabol, 2019) were randomly divided into two groups of case. The first group received oral water and the second group was treated with serum therapy. Eventually, all patients underwent ultrasonography and their AFI was recalculated and compared. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20 statistical software.
Results: The results of the study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the amniotic fluid index before fluid therapy in the oral and injectable (serum therapy) groups (p = 0.426). After fluid therapy, the amniotic fluid index in the oral group was significantly higher than the injected group (p <0.001). Although in both oral and injectable groups, the amniotic fluid index increased significantly after treatment (p <0.001),  the increase in the oral group was significantly higher than the injectable group.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that oral and intravenous fluid therapy improves the amniotic fluid index more than injectable fluid therapy.
The Association of cagA, vacA, babA2, babB and oipA of Helicobacter pylori with Risk of Gastric Carcinoma Development
Authors: Alsaadi Zainab H , Kadhim Hindi Nada Khazal , Al-Marzoqi Ali H , Memariani Mojtaba , Kohansal Maryam , Ghasemian Abdolmajid
Published: December 2022

Background & Objective: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), carried by more than half of the world population, is a major cause of chronic duodenal and gastric ulcers, gastritis and carcinoma. Colonization and toxin production include major virulence traits of H. pylori. The aim of this study was to assess the existence of H. pylori and virulence factors among patients with risk of gastrointestinal carcinoma (GC) in an Iraqi population.
Materials & Methods: During May 2016- October 2020 in Babylon, Iraq, a total of 500 biopsy samples were obtained from gastric tissue of patients with GC, gastritis, duodenitis, duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer and cultured onto the Brucella agar. H. pylori isolates were identified using conventional biochemical and molecular tests. Molecular identification was conducted by amplification of glmM gene using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The adhesin (babA2, babB and oipA) and toxin (cagA and vacA) genes were also amplified using PCR technique.
Results: Among 500 biopsy samples, 269 (110 from males and 159 from female patients) H. pylori isolates were identified. The age range of patients was 14-69 years (mean age=47.34±7.23). The babA2 and babB genes were detected in 59.47% and 59.10% of isolates, respectively. Notably, babA2 was observed in 89% of GC and 64% of DN strains being significantly more associated with GC and DN (<0.0001 and 0.028, respectively). Furthermore, babB-positive strains were significantly (0.042) more associated with PG. The rate of cagA and vacA was 44.60% and 48.32%, respectively. The cagA was detected in 64.73% of GC, and 100% of PG and DN strains with a significant association. We detected the oipA in 58.36% of strains which was significantly associated with GC (74%, P=0.0001), PG (88%, p<0.0001) and DN (84%, p<0.0001) as compared to oipA-negative strains.
Conclusion: The existence of H. pylori babA2, cagA and oipA virulence genes was associated with GC, DN and PG. As these genes play a crucial role in the development of gastric carcinoma, accurate control measure toward hindering the colonization of pathogenic strains is essential.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Prevalence of Pathogenic Genes, OprL and ToxA in Human and Veterinary Clinical Samples in Ardabil, Iran, 2020
Authors: Ghazaei Ciamak
Published: December 2022

Background & Objective: An opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause frequent hospital-acquired infections as well as one microorganism in the food spoilage. Also, the emergence of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa has become a serious threat to public health.This pathogen has many virulence factors which aid in bacterial invasion as well as toxicity, during infections. Out of different virulence genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, oprL (Encoding membrane lipoprotein L) and toxA (encoding exotoxin A i.e. ETA), are predominantly involved in, P. aeruginosa-related infections.
Materials & Methods: A total of 120 specimens of the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa were collected from Veterinary microbiology and various hospital laboratories. The isolates were initially identified by culturing on MacConkey agar and Eosin Methylene blue (EMB) agar and were further characterized by morphological and biochemical tests. An antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out on 13 antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. Genotypic detection of oprL and toxA genes was performed using a specific PCR test.
Results: The results revealed that the toxA gene was detected by 84.62% in isolates belonging to human samples and 75% in the isolates of animal samples, whereas the oprL gene was detected by 80.77% and only 16.67 % in the isolates were derived from human and animal samples, respectively.
Conclusion: The PCR analysis can help in the fast and specific detection of oprL and toxA genes in P. aeruginosa. Monitoring of these pathogenic genes could prevent the risk of transmission of multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa, from animals to humans.
The Effect of Intraperitoneal Administration of Oleuropein on Pentylenetetrazole Induced Epilepsy in Mail Rat
Authors: Hosseini Parvin Sadat , Rafieirad Maryam , Esmaeili Somayeh
Published: December 2022

Background & Objective: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in humans, which appears as sudden, episodic, repetitive, and unpredictable seizures, and these patients suffer from memory impairment. Medicinal herbs have long been used to treat epilepsy. In this study, the impact of effective oleuropein on the time of arising of attacks and the rate of attack’s incidence of tonic, clonic, tonic-clonic, and total seizure longevity in male rats was investigated.
Materials & Methods: Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10. The negative control group (the recipient of normal saline), the positive control group (the recipient of diazepam 1 mg/kg), and the two treatment groups (the recipient of doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg of oleuropein). After 30 min of oleuropein administration, saline, or diazepam, pentylenetetrazole was injected intraperitoneally into rats’ bodies at a dose of 85 mg/kg, and 30 min after injection, seizure parameters were evaluated. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s statistical tests.
Results: Injection of the oleuropein significantly increased the threshold of seizures in the form of initial delay at the arising of seizure in the positive control group and treatment groups (P< 0.001). Furthermore, it reduces the time of seizures in different phases (P< 0.001). In addition, a dose of 10 mg/kg oleuropein has the highest effect on total seizure longevity.
Conclusion: This study showed that oleuropein has an appropriate anti-seizure effect and future studies appear to be necessary for further understanding of the mechanism.
Training Programs on the Uses and Benefits of Herbal Feminine Hygiene
Authors: Mulqie Lanny , Darusman Fitrianti , Ary Lantika Uci , Sunendiari Siti
Published: December 2022

The Community Service Program, PKM, provides information and training in the methods of using herbal ingredients from the Arabic Bidara leaf’s extract (Ziziphus spina-christi, L.), to improve feminine hygiene. These methods are halal, safe, effective and easy to use. There were 20 female participants in the program who were aged between 17-50 years old. It was conducted on March 10, 2021, in West Bandung, Indonesia. The program pointed out problems in feminine hygiene provisions and laid out training programs that were equipped with materials and infrastructures to educate about and improve feminine hygiene. The program ended with training in a simple method for improving feminine hygiene using the Arabic Bidara leaf’s extract. Comparison between pre-program and post-program questionnaires showed a significant increase in the knowledge and abilities of participants. With continuous training, participants will gain knowledge and skills that will improve their quality of life and support their economic needs.
Keywords: bidara, ziziphus spina-christi, feminine hygiene, counceling, training
The Effects of Oral Prophylaxis on Sensitive Teeth, Teeth Staining, and Bad Breath
Authors: M. Damayanti M. , Yuniarti Y. , Caecielia M. , N. Irasanti S.
Published: December 2022

Oral prophylaxis is a preventive measure against the occurrence of dental problems that affect oral tissues with varying degrees of severity. Many factors contribute to the symptoms of oral diseases. Symptoms that are often felt are tooth staining, bad breath, and sensitive teeth. This study aims to analyze the relationship between oral prophylactic behavior and the presence of oral disease symptoms. It is a crosssectional, analytic observation study that was carried out at the Manarul Huda Islamic Boarding School Bandung on 35 students. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 software and association analysis was performed using the chi-square test. The results showed that more than half of the students had good oral prophylaxis (54.3%), and the most common mouth complaint was bad breath (57.1%). There was a significant relationship between poor oral prophylaxis and complaints of bad breath (81.3%) with a p-value = 0.021. The study emphasizes the importance of oral prophylactic behavior. Prevention, treatment, and management of oral complaints through oral prophylaxis are beneficial for achieving successful oral health for children, adolescents, and adults.
Keywords: oral prophylaxis, sensitive teeth, teeth staining, bad breath
Validity and Reliability of a Questionnaire About Dental and Oral Health
Authors: Yuniarti Y , Makaginsar Caecielia , Nia Irasanti Siska , Awalia Yulianto Fajar
Published: December 2022

Knowledge about dental and oral health is one of the factors that influence the occurrence of various dental and oral complaints. Lack of knowledge about the importance of dental and oral care can lead to individuals neglecting dental and oral hygiene. To measure knowledge about dental and oral health, a questionnaire that has been tested and is ready for use is needed. This study aims to test the validity and reliability of a questionnaire about dental and oral health. A random sample of 29 people were selected to complete the questionnaire. The validity test used the Kappa coefficient, and the reliability test used the Cronbach alpha test. The results showed that of the 25 questions tested, 25 questions were valid, and 5 questions were reliable. In conclusion, the questionnaire needs to be reviewed in terms of sentence structure by experts in dentistry, so the questionnaire is easily understood by respondents.
Keywords: validity, reability, questionnaire
Formulation and Antibacterial Activity of Transparent Solid Soap Combination of Secang Ethanolic Extract and Clove Bud Oil Against Skin Disease Bacteria
Authors: Aryani Ratih , Lukmayani Yani , Hazar Siti
Published: December 2022

Secang wood ethanolic extract and clove bud oil have antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, Propionibacterium acnes, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The formulation of both in transparent bath soap is additional protection for the body. This study formulated soaps and determined their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Propionibacterium acnes, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Soap was made using the hot process and the antibacterial activity was tested using the agar diffusion. The soap formulas F0 (as the base), F1 (3% clove bud oil), and F2 (a combination of 3% clove bud oil and 0.5% sappan wood ethanolic extract) have good appearance and quality including pH, foam stability, free alkali, unsaponifiable fat, and mineral oil content. The water content in the soap is >15%. The inhibitory diameter values of the soap (F0, F1, and F2) against S. aureus, P. acnes, and P. aeruginosa were in the moderate to strong category. Based on the contact time test of 90 seconds, F0 cannot kill bacteria; F1 can kill Staphylococcus aureus Propionibacterium acnes, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; F2 killed Staphylococcus aureus in 90 seconds and Propionibacterium acnes, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 60 seconds.
Keywords: soap, clove bud oil, secang, antibacterial
The Effects of Sugar, Blanching, and Pasteurization on the Antioxidant Properties of Pineapple Juice
Authors: Topik Maulana Indra , Prabowo Soewondo Budi , . Radian , Prayitno Robby , Amelya Winda
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to improve the quality of pineapple juice by increasing its durability and antioxidant properties. A factorial design with four test factors, namely, the level of ripeness of pineapple, sugar composition, duration of blanching, and pasteurization was used. The results showed that the use of ripe pineapple as an ingredient of pineapple juice had better responses than raw pineapple. The sugar composition had a negative response to the antioxidant property of pineapple juice, both measured on day 0 and day 7. The duration of blanching was proven to have a positive effect on increasing antioxidant activity both on day 0 and day 14. Pasteurization had a negative response when measured on day 0, and a positive response on day 14. Producing pineapple juice in accordance with the results has been proven to have greater durability and antioxidant properties.
Keywords: blanching, pasteurization, pineapple juice, response surface methodology
Radiological Features in Deceased COVID-19 Patients at a Hospital in Bandung
Authors: Setiapriagung D. , Tresnasari C. , Widiyanto T. , Yulianto F. A. , Respati T. , Yuniarti L.
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 attacks the respiratory system, especially the lung. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the lung radiology of COVID-19 patients to plan the best treatment. This study aimed to describe radiological features in deceased patients at a hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. This study uses secondary data from the medical records of deceased COVID-19 patients from December 2020 to February 2021. Amongst the 129 patients who died whilst hospitalized, their chest X-ray showed pneumonia consisting of ground glass opacities (GGO) and consolidated lesions. The mean distribution of lesions was unilateral in 3 (2.33%) and bilateral in 126 (97.67%). In comparison, peripheral lesions were found in 80 (62.02%), and peripheral-medial lesions were found in 49 (37.98%). The mean of the lesions affecting the upper lung fields were 2.63 (DS 1.19), the middle lung fields were 4.39 (DS 1.82), and the lower lung fields were 4.88 (DS 1.53). When admitted to the isolation ward, the average Brixia score on a chest X-ray was 11.9 (95% CI 12.74; 11.16). In conclusion, the radiological features of COVID-19 patients who died under treatment showed ground glass opacities and consolidated lesions. The predominant distribution was on bilateral, peripheral, and lower lesions with a high Brixia score.
Keywords: COVID-19, mortality, the brixia score.