bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iconography of foolishness. Genre classification
Authors: Туминская О.А.
Published: July 2024

Иконография юродивых складывалась на основе изображений лиц, причисленных к лику святых, в особом статусе «блажения во Христе». Персонификация такого святого требовала от иконописца общих правил передачи человеческой фигуры. Индивидуальные характеристики, выделяющие юродивого из общего сонма святых, становятся своеобразными маркерами. Такими чертами были нагота, эпатажная внешность, непривычное одеяние, странные атрибуты, которые могли сочетаться или быть представленными в отдельности. Юродивые были узнаваемы. В статье приводятся доказательства жанрового диапазона изображений юродивых в иконописании, раскрываются примеры «жанровой классификации», обращено внимание на композиционные схемы икон юродивых, которые позволяют классифицировать иконы по рангу жанровой принадлежности: персональные, парные, минейные, соборные. Рассматривается расположение образов на плоскости иконы в соответствующих композиционных сочетаниях. Оговаривается понятие «энтелехия» в отношении бытования юродства на русской земле и в связи с изобразительным каноном. Создание иконы основано на целостности технических правил, рисунок и живопись выступают в единстве создания зримого образа юродивого. Из сохранившихся образцов изображений юродивых Христа ради в русском искусстве XVI–XIX вв. определенное количество относится к графическому воспроизведению, что указывает на более правильную формулировку: иконография (прорисовка, очертание) первична и универсальна.

The iconography of the fools was formed on the basis of images of persons canonized in the special status of «beatitude in Christ». The personification of such a saint required from the iconographer general rules for the transfer of the human figure and individual characteristics, which distinguished the fool from the general host of saints. Such features were nudity, shocking appearance, unusual attire, strange attributes that could be combined or presented separately. The fools were recognizable. The article provides evidence of the genre range of images of the fools in icon painting, reveals examples of «genre classification», draws attention to the compositional schemes of icons of the fools, which allow classifying icons by the rank of genre affiliation: personal, paired, miney, cathedral. The concept of «entelechy» is discussed in relation to the existence of foolishness on Russian soil and in connection with the pictorial canon. The creation of the icon is based on the integrity of the technical rules, drawing and painting act in the unity of creating a visible image of the fool. Of the surviving examples of images of the fools for Christ’s sake in Russian art of the XVI–XIX centuries, a certain number refers to graphic reproduction, which indicates a more correct formulation: iconography (drawing, outline) is primary, painting is secondary.
On the question of attribution of the painting by an unknown artist “Seascape” from the collection of the Central Naval Museum named after Emperor Peter the Great
Authors: Олейник М.С. , Лыткина А.С. , Самсонова Л.А.
Published: July 2024

В собрании Центрального военно-морского музея имени императора Петра Великого хранится картина «Морской пейзаж», представляющая собой образец неаполитанской романтической живописи середины ХIX в. В статье поднимается вопрос атрибуции данной картины, принадлежности ее кисти Алессандро Ла Вольпе и уточнение даты создания картины. Данная атрибуция живописного произведения основывается на комплексной научной реставрации, произведенной в реставрационно-художественной мастерской музея.

The collection of the Central Naval Museum named after Emperor Peter the Great contains the painting “Seascape”, which is an example of Neapolitan romantic painting of the XIX century. The article raises the question of the authorship of this painting, its belonging to the brush of a representative of the Posilippo school, Alessandro La Volpe. The authors consider the work in the context of the author’s creative heritage. They attract the artist’s biography to clarify the attribution of the picture, use stylistic and typological analysis.
Сhinese portrait painting of the late 20th – early 21st centuries: evolution and cultural context
Authors: Гультяева Г.С.
Published: July 2024

Современная портретная живопись Китая является ярким отражением атмосферы эпохи, диалога Востока и Запада, трансформации общественного сознания. В настоящей статье рассматривается эволюция китайской портретной живописи конца XX — начала XXI вв. в контексте социально-культурного развития китайского общества. Актуальность исследования продиктована возросшим интересом к современной китайской живописи, получившей широкое признание в стране и за ее пределами, а также необходимостью изучения семантики и символики визуальных художественных образов в современных произведениях китайских авторов. Целью данного исследования является выявление стилистических особенностей и идейного содержания китайской портретной живописи конца XX — начала XXI вв. на примерах произведений современных художников. На основе системного и целостного подхода к анализу портретной живописи указанного периода раскрывается многообразие ее форм и стилей, в том числе дается характеристика портретного жанра 1950–1960-х гг. и живописи «деревенского реализма». Особое внимание уделяется описанию художественной концепции неореализма и циничного реализма, отражающих новую форму критического восприятия окружающей действительности и переосмысления прошлого исторического опыта.

Modern Chinese portraiture is a vivid reflection of the atmosphere of the era, the dialogue between East and West, and the transformation of public consciousness. This article examines the evolution of Chinese portrait painting in the late XX — early XXI centuries in the context of the sociocultural development of Chinese society. The relevance of the research is dictated by the increased interest in modern Chinese painting, which has received wide recognition in the country and abroad, as well as the need to study the semantics and symbolism of visual artistic images in modern works by Chinese authors. The purpose of this study is to identify the stylistic features and ideological content of Chinese portrait painting of the late XX — early XXI centuries using examples of works by contemporary artists. Based on a systematic and holistic approach to the analysis of portrait painting of the specified period, the author reveals the diversity of its forms and styles, including a description of the portrait genre of the 1950s and 1960s and painting of “rustic realism”. The author pays special attention to the description of the artistic concept of neorealism and cynical realism, reflecting a new form of critical perception of the surrounding reality and rethinking of past historical experience.
TARIM ALANLARINDAN GELEN MİKRO KİRLETİCİLER VE ENDOKRİN BOZUCULAR
Authors: ERCİŞLİ Sezai
Published: July 2024

"Agriculture is one of the most important sectors that has maintained its value since the creation of mankind and is the basic and indispensable element of the food supply, which is crucial for humans and other living organisms. Within itself, agriculture is divided into three main branches as crop production, animal production and aquaculture, but particularly plant and animal production appear as two branches that complement each other. The inputs used in agricultural production to increase production and improve quality have become the subject of discussion over time due to their negative environmental impacts and the search for alternatives to them is still ongoing. While the search for alternatives to the use of commercial fertilizers and pesticides is continuing, microplastic pollution has also been added to these in recent years. Microplastics and endocrine disruptors in agricultural soils, which are a fairly new issue, are plastics used extensively in agriculture. The breakdown of plastics into smaller particles over time can negatively affect agricultural soils and therefore production. Agricultural soils are considered as “hot spots” of plastic particles. A standardised method of microplastic determination in soils has not yet been established. There is also a lack of legal regulation in Europe regarding the traceability of the soil environment, especially in the context of microplastic contamination."
Male breast cancer: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Cherkaoui Amal , Nouri Meriem , Tossi Sara , Armel Hasna , Bencherifi Younes , Benhassou Mustapha , Ennachit Simohamed , El Karroumi Mohamed
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Male breast cancer (MBC) is an uncommon disease that makes up less than 1% of all breast cancer diagnoses worldwide. While breast carcinomas have some similarities in both sexes, there are significant differences.

Case Report: We present a case of breast cancer in a 57-year-old man who had a left breast mass of 3.5 cm classified as breast imaging reporting and data system (BIRADS 4) by the American College of Radiology (ACR). The presence of invasive breast carcinoma of grade II Scarff–Bloom–Richardson (SBR) with a negative molecular phenotype B HER2 was confirmed by a tru-cut biopsy. The axillary cytopuncture did not show any abnormalities. The patient was later treated for a left mastectomy with homolateral axillary dissection.

Conclusion: Male breast cancer represents a therapeutic dilemma. A multidisciplinary approach is mandatory.
Accuracy of arm circumference in the diagnosis of overweight in six-year-old children
Authors: Traebert Jefferson , Colaiácovo Ícaro , Favero Cecília , Traebert Guilherme de Azevedo , Machado José Arthur Didoné , Schuelter-Trevisol Fabiana , Trevisol Daisson José , Traebert Eliane
Published: July 2024

The aim was to estimate the accuracy of arm circumference in diagnosing overweight among a sample of Brazilian children. A cross-sectional study involving 1,026 six-year-old children from Palhoça, Santa Catarina, was conducted. The correlation between arm circumference and body mass index was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Accuracy was evaluated using the Receiver Operator Curve and its corresponding confidence interval. A correlation of 0.634 and a coefficient of determination of 0.402 were observed. The overall accuracy was 85.4%. Sensitivity values for the most prevalent measures were 17.0% in males and 20.7% in females. The overall accuracy of 85.4% and the low sensitivity values of the most prevalent measures highlight the need for further studies on this diagnostic method in Brazilian populations.
FAKE NEWS ABOUT COVID-19 AND ITS PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON SOCIAL MEDIA USERS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Khan Murtaza , Zafar Naveed , Anwer Hafiz Muhammad Junaid
Published: July 2024

Social media is leading medium which is used for communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. The abrupt episode of Corona pandemic has been joined by explosion of deception about the illness. As COVID-19 epidemic spread, virtual media outlets showed up as significant method for linking, just as a method of looking for and sharing the data about the illness. This examination targets estimating the mental impacts of phony news about COVID-19 via web-based media clients in Pakistan. Study is quantitative in nature. Survey method has been used to collect the data. The Direct Effects Model of Mass Media Theory has been employed on this study. The results of the study reveal that the element of anxiety, fear and stress are linked with social media users of Facebook. Facebook users have come across with these elements due to the circulation of fake news on Facebook and about COVID-19. This study recommends that there should be the gatekeeping mechanism to verify the authenticity of the news shared upon social media platforms. The social media authorities also need to pay heed to stop this prevailing issue, particularly in the age of pandemic when people become more vulnerable.
PRINCIPALS' AND DIRECTORS' PERCEPTIONS OF FACULTY PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS
Authors: Rashid Sumera , Safdar Samina , Afzal Sadia
Published: July 2024

Effective leadership and management are vital for educational institutions to create high-quality environments for faculty members and to facilitate efficient teaching and learning. Therefore, this qualitative study aimed to investigate the perception of university directors and principals regarding provision of professional development opportunities for faculty members and the effectiveness of these opportunities. A total of seven directors and principals from different divisions & campuses of University of Education, Lahore were selected as a sample for the study using a purposive sampling technique. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain in-depth information from the directors and principals. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data after transcription. Researchers explored consensus among directors and principals regarding professional development opportunities offered by University of Education & their perceived effectiveness. Based on the findings, induction training and adequate funding from the higher education regulatory bodies such as the Government of Pakistan, HEC, and PHEC are required for the improvement in offering and tailoring these PD opportunities, which could eventually aid in faculty members' professional advancement.
UNLOCKING CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A STUDY ON TAILORED DATA, PRIVACY RESERVATIONS, AND PURCHASE INTENTIONS
Authors: Farrukh Muhammad , Rafi Sundus , Chand Parsa
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the complicated relationship between consumers and artificial intelligence (AI), precisely exploring the impact of tailored data (AI) on purchasing decisions. Drawing from a diverse sample of social media users in top five HEC ranked universities, the study investigates how factors such as privacy reservations and positive past experiences intersect with AI-driven personalization, impact consumer attitudes and willingness to make purchases online. The researcher applied survey method to collect data from 346 participants, primarily social media users, with the focus on those regularly engaging with the social media advertising and AI-based applications. This research tested three hypotheses wherein findings show significant influence of tailored data on consumer purchasing willingness and positive past experiences with AI ads. The privacy concerns, however, were found to have an insignificant impact on the online buying decisions. In this linking, these insights contribute to broader discourse on AI's role in consumer behavior, offering practical implications for various businesses navigating integration of artificial intelligence technologies in marketing strategies.
Sleep disorders and their impact on the mental health of public health professionals
Authors: Alsaif Abrar Abdulkah , Alamri Ghadah Mater , Alsaif Hanan Saif , Almahboub Maha Saad , Alluhaydan Jumanah Abdulaziz , Alsuliman Rana Mohammed , Alanazi Nadyah Khalaf , Alanazi Badryah Mahal , Alhazami Aishah Ebrahim
Published: July 2024

Aim: This review aims to explore the impact of sleep disorders on the mental health of public health professionals, with a particular focus on the role of social workers. Methods: The review synthesizes findings from various empirical studies, longitudinal research, and intervention trials to examine the relationship between sleep disturbances and mental health issues. It focuses on the three most studied mental health conditions related to sleep disorders: schizophrenia, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Results: The findings indicate that sleep disturbances are prevalent across various mental health conditions and may serve as a significant contributing factor rather than merely a symptom. In schizophrenia, sleep issues often precede and exacerbate psychotic episodes. In depression, insomnia and hypersomnia are common, with insomnia significantly increasing the risk of developing depression. In PTSD, sleep disturbances, including insomnia and nightmares, are integral to the disorder and contribute to its persistence. Conclusion: Sleep disturbances play a crucial role in the onset and progression of mental health issues. Addressing sleep problems through targeted interventions can significantly alleviate symptoms of schizophrenia, depression, and PTSD. Social workers are vital in identifying and addressing sleep issues among public health professionals, potentially improving mental health outcomes in this population.
Vicarious trauma in public health workers
Authors: Alqablan Amal Khalid , Almahboub Maha Saad
Published: July 2024

Aim: This study explores the prevalence and prevention of vicarious trauma among public health workers, particularly focusing on mental health professionals exposed to second-hand trauma through client interactions. Methods: The research employs a literature review and qualitative assessments, utilizing tools such as the Vicarious Trauma Scale (VTS) to evaluate subjective distress among mental health providers. Key studies were analyzed to determine symptom prevalence and the impact of vicarious trauma on professional efficacy. Results: Findings indicate that approximately 15% of mental health professionals reported high levels of vicarious trauma, especially exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Symptoms often mirror those of PTSD but are characterized by emotional, cognitive, and spiritual distress stemming from repeated exposure to clients' traumatic experiences. Conclusion: Vicarious trauma poses significant risks to mental health providers' well-being, impacting their effectiveness and the quality of care they deliver. Immediate interventions, including self-care strategies and professional support, are essential for mitigating long-term effects. Social workers play a vital role in addressing these challenges by providing assessment, support, education, and advocacy for trauma-informed practices.
Developing mental health support programs: Social services programs
Authors: Alqablan Amal Khalid , Almahboub Maha Saad
Published: July 2024

Aim: This article examines the development and implementation of mental health support programs, particularly focusing on prevention and promotion strategies to address the rising incidence of mental disorders globally. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to assess the effectiveness of various mental health promotion and prevention interventions. The review included studies from high-income countries (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), evaluating their applicability and outcomes. Results: Evidence suggests that effective mental health support programs are crucial for reducing the burden of mental disorders. Preventive strategies, such as universal, selective, and indicated interventions, have demonstrated effectiveness in promoting mental health and preventing disorders across different populations, including adolescents and the elderly. Innovations in digital technology, such as internet- and mobile-based interventions, have also shown promise in increasing accessibility. Conclusion: The need for culturally appropriate and resource-sensitive mental health promotion strategies is paramount, especially in LMICs, where the treatment gap is significant. Future research should focus on personalizing interventions, enhancing mental health literacy, and integrating community involvement to optimize the delivery of mental health services.
Talking sh**! – are we doing enough?
Authors: Dow Becci , Ladbrook Alicia , Saunders Jess
Published: July 2024

This paper is a discursive piece on whether clinical psychologists and psychological practitioners are taking the time to consider bowel, urine and toileting issues sufficiently in their work. It draws on the disgust literature and the links to compassion in care giving. It seeks to explore experiences in direct therapy, in caregiver work, within teams and aims to encourage greater reflection on our relationships to these issues. The hope is to draw attention to the extraordinary work of those completing personal care tasks and the impact it has, with an attempt to position ourselves alongside people tolerating incontinence in order to grasp the psychological impact on self.
Developing Cumbria’s post dementia diagnostic support using Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST): Results and reflections on the treatment’s reintroduction post Covid-19
Authors: Peake Natalie , Bailey Joanne , Hunton Kathryn , Snell Daniel , Butcher Emma , Carswell Roxanne , Hill Christine , Wright Hazel , Carter Catherine , Rumney Joyce , Pattinson Leanne , Rielly Laura , Clark Josephine , Carlyle Pauline
Published: July 2024

Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST, Spector et al., 2006) groups were part of the treatment provided by North Cumbria’s Community Older Adult Service until the Covid pandemic halted provision. Subsequently, treatment provided by the service to those diagnosed with a dementia relied heavily on pharmacological interventions to target the rate of cognitive decline. This paper documents the methodology of a service development project in Cumbria that reintroduced community CST groups, weekly for fourteen weeks across the year 2023. Preliminary findings demonstrate CST’s efficacy as a treatment for those living with a dementia diagnosis and coinciding low mood. Reflections shared from the project on the successes and challenges across its duration show its feasibility despite service pressures and resource limitations in a rural locality.

In documenting this work, the project team aim to showcase the benefits of providing biopsychosocial care for older adults living with a dementia diagnosis and hope to inspire other Older Adult services to develop their post dementia diagnosis service provision using the CST protocols. With future iterations, more conclusive findings will be drawn and continued service development work has commenced in Cumbria on this project’s foundation within the Care Home and Educational Support System’s pathway.
Autistic cognitive presentation in later-life
Authors: Hayter Aimee
Published: July 2024

Autistic people grow older; however, little is known about how autistic cognitive differences change over later-life. Additionally, recent estimates indicate that many autistic older people remain undiagnosed. How then do clinical (neuro) psychologists understand the cognitive presentation of autistic people when they present to our services? This paper attempts to answer this question by briefly reviewing four pertinent studies in the literature. It discusses findings indicating that autistic cognitive differences remain into later life, that these cognitive differences do not change differentially compared to neurotypical people during aging. Finally, it notes practical suggestions from the literature of how to make cognitive assessments more sensitive to changes in cognition shown by older autistic people, and highlights the work FPOP intend to do in this area.
Prevalência e fatores de risco para a pré-eclâmpsia em gestantes
Authors: Costa Junior Israel Paulino , Campos Paulo Victor da Costa , Santos Sthefany Cristina dos , Morais Jonathan Martins de , Carlos Pâmella de Oliveira , Teixeira Emerson Therlley Sousa , Sales Aline Santos , Silva Maicon Nonato Ferreira da , Santos Rivaldo Felipe Monteiro dos
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Compilar informações por meio da análise de estudos recentes sobre aspectos inerentes à pré-eclâmpsia, com foco na etiologia, epidemiologia, fatores de risco, placenta anormal, síndrome materna, diagnóstico e classificação, tratamento, prognóstico e prevenção. Metodologia: Revisão narrativa da literatura e análise de vários estudos e artigos recentes sobre pré-eclâmpsia. Resultados: Os principais fatores de risco identificados incluem histórico pessoal e familiar, como histórico prévio de pré-eclâmpsia e histórico familiar de pré-eclâmpsia. Condições de saúde pré-existentes, como hipertensão crônica, diabetes mellitus e doenças autoimunes, também aumentam o risco. Fatores demográficos e socioeconômicos, como idade materna extrema, raça negra e baixo nível socioeconômico, são significativos. Conclusão: A pré-eclâmpsia é uma condição grave que contribui significativamente para a morbidade e mortalidade materna e perinatal em todo o mundo. Compreender os diversos fatores de risco associados a essa condição é crucial para a detecção precoce e gestão eficaz. O artigo enfatiza a importância da identificação precoce dos fatores de risco para reduzir as taxas de morbidade e mortalidade relacionadas à pré-eclâmpsia.
Educação ambiental de solos a distância para a educação infantil: capacitando professores
Authors: Oliveira Anna Hoffmann
Published: July 2024

O solo, recurso natural frágil, lentamente renovável, parte fundamental do ecossistema e pré-requisito à vida na Terra, tem sua amplitude funcional vagamente percebida pela sociedade em geral. Admitido meramente como um meio para a produção agrícola, vem sendo degradado em larga escala. Neste contexto, a Educação Ambiental em Solos é reconhecidamente uma ferramenta eficaz para a sua conservação. Com enfoque na Educação Infantil, a partir da ótica reflexiva sobre Educação Ambiental e Educação em Solos que são indissociáveis, o presente trabalho apresenta a elaboração e execução de um curso de capacitação inicial em Educação Ambiental de Solos para professores da Educação Infantil da rede pública municipal de Araras (SP), por meio de tecnologias de ensino a distância. As práticas presenciais de aprendizagem, importantes nesse campo, foram substituídas por materiais paradidáticos como vídeos explicativos contemplando brincadeiras, jogos, histórias e atividades com manipulação de solos. Tais materiais podem e devem ser personalizados pelos professores e, para isso, enfatiza-se a necessidade da formação docente em solos. Os resultados da execução do curso revelaram que foi possível despertar a consciência pedológica das educadoras, as quais relataram o interesse em colocar em prática as atividades com as crianças e, assim, atingir as futuras gerações de governança deste recurso. Houve, portanto, a sensibilização, conscientização e difusão do tema Solos na escola. Trabalhos futuros a partir deste estudo envolvem desenvolver e aplicar presencialmente as dinâmicas sugeridas no curso para que, a partir da observação da resposta das crianças, seja possível aprimorar as práticas pedagógicas para a educação ambiental de solos na educação infantil.
Public Health Prevention Recommendations & Pediatric Surgery Trauma Case Fatality Trends by Gender and Age among Pediatric Patients-≤1-9 years old in the United States, 2012-2016
Authors: Jones Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

Background Due to the lack of studies examining trauma-related injury and fatality trends and their implications on pediatric populations, this study aimed to address the gap in research and to identify the magnitude and the impact of unintentional injuries by exploring trends in trauma case fatalities among children in the United States from 2012 to 2016. Methods The study uses data from the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB), which is an online database with data collected from trauma hospitals within the United States. Joinpoint regression models were used to calculate Annual Percentage Change (APC) and Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) as an indicator of trends. Results The highest upward trends occurred in males with an average annual increase of 15.1% (AAPC, 15.1%, 95% CI, 7.1% to 26.5%), 6-year-olds with an average annual increase of 36.3% (AAPC, 36.3%, 95% CI, 18.5% to 83.0%), and 9-year-olds with an average annual increase of 36.4% (AAPC, 36.4%, 95% CI, 19.8% to 72.5%). Males (59.5%) and children ≤1 years old (20.9%) had higher percentages of trauma case fatalities. Discussion This study identified an overall increase in trauma-related fatalities in all ages and genders. However, the trends did vary. Based on the findings, there needs to be more effort towards improving access to care, EMS response times, and socioeconomic factors attributing to poor supervision of children in families. Conclusion By addressing these issues, children in the United States will have improved physical and mental health outcomes. It would also reduce trauma case fatality trends in children.
MICP技术修复晋阳古城土遗址根劈裂隙机理研究
Authors: 尚 瑞华 , 独 学烨 , 韩 鹏举 , 刘 伟伟
Published: July 2024

为探讨MICP修复晋阳古城根劈裂隙机理，本研究采用实验和检测等方法研究了Ca2+源、Ca2+浓度和混合液添加顺序的影响。结论如下：Ca2+源对巴氏菌矿化沉积的影响遵循规律为硝酸钙＞氯化钙＞乙酸钙，Ca2+源选择高浓度的乙酸钙溶液，并建议先加入1M脲+菌液，以获得最佳矿化沉积效果。土体中本身存在CaCO3晶体，巴氏菌矿化产物非外来物质；巴氏菌矿化产生的CaCO3晶体对土样的胶结与附着作用明显；土样表面形成的白色团聚状颗粒物质多呈针状、矛状、或火焰针、矛状，白色蓬松状颗粒物质多呈蜂窝状，分子式分别为CaC3O4和CaC3NO4；真空环境中，土样表面裂隙随时间推移逐渐增加，证明空气中的水蒸汽能够有效预防土样表面裂隙增加。该结论为MICP技术修复植物根劈裂隙提供了重要参考。
Меняемся ли мы тогда, когда нам кажется, что мы изменились? Личностные изменения в контексте переломных жизненных событий
Authors: Назина Екатерина , Костенко Василий
Published: July 2024

Теория развития эго [Loevinger, 1976] и теория базовых психологических потребностей [Deci, Ryan, 2000] противоречат друг другу в своих представлениях о главных движущих силах личностных изменений. Данная работа направлена на соотнесение и развитие этих двух подходов. Выборка исследования состояла из 156 человек (132 женщины; M = 27,9; SD = 5,7). Дизайн исследования предполагал повторные измерения с промежутком от трех до шести лет. На первом этапе исследования у респондентов измерялся уровень развития эго. На втором этапе измерялось несколько переменных, в том числе уточнялось, сталкивались ли респонденты после первого этапа исследования с переживанием переломных жизненных событий (событий, в результате которых они сами или их мировоззрение серьезно изменились). Сравнивались респонденты, имевшие и не имевшие такой опыт. Начальный уровень развития эго в группе с опытом переломных жизненных событий не отличался от группы без такого опыта. На втором этапе уровень развития эго оказался достоверно выше в группе с опытом переломных жизненных событий, чем в группе без него. Ретроспективная оценка исходного уровня развития эго оказалась ниже реальной оценки в группе с опытом переломного жизненного события, соответствовала реальному в группе без такого опыта. Уровень удовлетворения всех основных психологических потребностей значительно повысился в группе с опытом переломных жизненных событий. Полученные результаты указывают на возможную связь феномена переломных жизненных событий и удовлетворенности базовых психологических потребностей с сохранением уровня развития эго, а также свидетельствуют о том, что люди переоценивают степень своих изменений в контексте опыта переломных жизненных событий. Исследование вносит вклад в развитие представлений о процессах личностных изменений, подчеркивая различие между субъективным ощущением личностных изменений и изменением уровня развития эго.
Психологические и нейрофизиологические механизмы негативной эмоциональной реакции при обработке вербальных отрицаний
Authors: Улыбина Елена , Андреева Галина
Published: July 2024

Цель исследования состоит в анализе существующих на данный момент теоретических положений и эмпирических данных, посвященных изучению связи обработки вербального отрицания с эмоциональными реакциями. Согласно теории повторного использования [Anderson, 2010; de Vega et al., 2016] обработка отрицания задействует уже имеющиеся тормозные механизмы, которые сформировались в онтогенезе при отталкивании/избегании неприятного стимула [Beltrán et al., 2021]. При обработке отрицательных фраз торможение обеспечивает их правильное понимание – нужно проконтролировать отвержение отрицаемой части фразы. Контроль, в свою очередь, тесно связан с негативным аффектом [Saunders et al., 2017]. Результаты первых исследований подтверждают связь отрицания и эмоционально негативных символов [Dudschig et al., 2023]. Описываются результаты эмпирических исследований, которые показывают [Herbert et al., 2011, 2013; Zuanazzi et al., 2022], что при взаимодействии с валентными словами отрицание сдвигает эмоциональную реакцию в сторону, противоположную валентности слова, но при позитивной валентности сдвиг приводит к инверсии, вызывая негативную, а не ослабленную позитивную реакцию. Сочетание слов с позитивной валентностью и отрицания приводит к усилению когнитивного конфликта, следствием чего становятся и более сильные негативные эмоции [Herbert et al., 2013].  А отрицание в эмоционально нейтральных фразах значимо сдвигает их эмоциональную оценку в сторону негативного полюса [Андреева, 2023b]. Полученные результаты показывают высокую зависимость эмоциональной реакции на отрицание от контекста. В статье обсуждаются возможные направления дальнейшего изучения связи обработки отрицания с эмоциональными реакциями.
Терапевтическое присутствие: взгляд через созерцательные практики
Authors: Ярмолюк Роман
Published: July 2024

В то время как осознанность получила значительное внимание в исследованиях, другие созерцательные практики по-прежнему остаются малоизученным, но многообещающим средством решения внушительного ряда задач, в число которых входит развитие важных для психотерапевтов профессиональных навыков. В данной работе представлен обзор исследований факторов эффективности психотерапии, приводится описание моделей терапевтического присутствия, рассматриваются созерцательные практики в качестве инструмента актуализации основных неспецифических факторов и известные механизмы обеспечения эффекта, оказываемого созерцательными практиками на терапевтическое присутствие.
Modelación Matemática desde el quehacer del ingeniero en formación
Authors: Torres-Corrales Diana del Carmen , Montiel-Espinosa Gisela
Published: July 2024

En el marco de un estudio más amplio fundamentado en la Teoría Socioepistemológica y que utiliza el método Etnográfico para identificar y caracterizar el desarrollo de usos de las nociones trigonométricas en Ingeniería, se presentan los resultados de tres objetivos: (1) la identificación de los términos conceptuales Realidad, Modelo, Modelación Matemática y Ciclos de Modelación, como fundamentales para estudiar la Modelación Matemática en la Ingeniería; (2) la documentación, mediante un trabajo de campo en una asignatura profesionalizante, de la estrategia de Modelación Matemática que le permite a un grupo de estudiantes y su profesor abordar situaciones-problema cercanas a su quehacer profesional; y (3) la configuración de una postura en torno a la Modelación Matemática desde el quehacer del ingeniero en formación, la cual toma en cuenta la postura teórica, el escenario de la Ingeniería y los términos conceptuales fundamentales. Se concluye que la Modelación Matemática es una práctica en la que ingenieros ponen en uso tanto el conocimiento matemático como el disciplinar, ambos con igual importancia, y que la caracterización basada en los términos conceptuales elegidos aplica a las asignaturas profesionalizantes e incluso podría extenderse a otros momentos formativos donde se cursen asignaturas que incluyan teoría y laboratorio.
Print in Real Time 2019-24
Authors: Marhaug Rita
Published: July 2024

It is a great pleasure to present Trykk i sanntid, “Print in Real Time”, a five-year art project born in Lofoten in Northern Norway, which has now reached its halfway point. The project started due to the need to showcase Lofoten´s new printmaking workshop, in a way rooted in something important to us. 
Over several years, with limited funds and great enthusiasm, my colleague Kjellaug Hatlen Lunde has built up the printmaking workshop KK-trykk, “KK-print”, which was inaugurated in 2019. The workshop is a part of the joint studio complex and residency centre Kunstkvarteret, located in the middle of Lofoten, established in 2008. Here, four artists have permanent studio spaces while others rent or apply for residency stays for varying durations. In the spring of 2019, Hatlen Lunde contacted our experienced colleague Åse Anda and me with the vague idea of developing some kind of event to promote the new workshop.
Deconstructing the Printing Process:
Authors: Gagnon Caroline
Published: July 2024

Over my years of practice in lithography, I have become more interested in printmaking as a process and an experience than in the result. My attention is focused on the repeated gestures and the qualities of the materials as they transform. It was by noticing a shift in the gesture-trace-imprint relationship in my process that I sought to deconstruct the process and transpose it to other mediums. It is this reflection on the imprint’s inability to capture movement, to grasp the time of the image that is being made, which leads me to transpose the paradigm of the print into my installations. Thus, I present the image in its different states, from the fluid material of the wash to the printed image. I deconstruct the printing process to show it as a series of gestures and transformations, each with an imaging potential.
The Delimitation of Contractual Rights and Property in International Investment Law
Authors: Martinkute Inga
Published: July 2024

The major legal traditions of the world have profound differences in the legal understanding of contractual and property rights and their assimilation. Misunderstandings are unavoidable, as evidenced by judgments, awards and bilateral investment treaties, because lawyers coming from different legal backgrounds shall approach the same terms and factual settings from their own legal perspective. Very often in investment arbitration the differences relating to the interplay between contract and property have not been realised and appreciated. The present legal uncertainty with regard to how and when contractual rights will be treated as property is unsatisfactory. It contributes to a certain extent to the current mistrust in the investor – state dispute settlement system, because respondents from a civil law tradition have not expected that their bits will be interpreted in accordance with an expansive definition of property. The export of an alien concept of property should not be done through the back door of bits, because efforts to do so could break the investor-state dispute settlement system itself.
Legitimate Expectations and the Interpretation of the ‘Legal Stability Obligation’
Authors: Maynard Simon
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this article is to delineate the relationship between two components of the fair and equitable (FET) treatment standard, namely the obligation (a) to respect an investor’s legitimate expectations; and (b) to maintain a stable and predictable legal and regulatory environment (Legal Stability Obligation). The article examines how these concepts have been understood and applied by arbitral tribunals. It shows that, to the extent the Legal Stability Obligation has been recognised as an element of the FET standard it has, unlike other aspects of the standard, typically been interpreted by reference to the legitimate expectations doctrine. The article considers whether this relationship has a sound legal basis and, if not, how else the substantive content of the Legal Stability Obligation might be developed. In doing so, the article seeks to contribute to the pressing task of clarifying the precise contours of the FET standard.
Escaping from Freedom? The Dilemma of an Improved ISDS Mechanism
Authors: Nappert Sophie
Published: July 2024

This article is based on the EFILA’S ‘Inaugural’ Annual Lecture 2015. ISDS in its current international arbitration format has attracted criticism. In response, the EU proposal for ISDS in the TTIP consists of a two-tiered court system, comprising an appeal mechanism empowered to review first-instance decisions on both factual and legal grounds and, the EU says, paving the way for a “multilateral investment court”. The Lecture expressed surprise at the EU proposal of a court mechanism given the CJEU’S unambiguous, historical unease with other similar, parallel international court systems. The Lecture proposed a third way, aimed at addressing these concerns, whereby a Committee – stroke – Interpretive Body, informed by the intentions of the TTIP Parties, would take over the development of TTIP jurisprudence in a more linear and consistent manner, with a longer-term view, whilst ad hoc arbitration tribunals in their current form would focus on the settlement of the discrete factual dispute. Since the Lecture was delivered, the ICS was adopted in both the EU–Vietnam FTA and (in part) the EU–Canada CETA. This contribution ponders how the ICS might work in practice, sit alongside current ISDS tribunals, and contribute to development and jurisprudence in the field.
The Rule of Law and Alternatives to Investment Arbitration
Authors: Gaffney John
Published: July 2024

This article is the text of a talk the author gave at the EFILA Annual Conference 2016. This article considers national courts and domestic alternative dispute resolution as alternative means of resolving investment disputes and in this regard, examines whether the resolution of investment disputes by such means promotes or holds back the development of the rule of law.
Mixed Exclusivity: The CJEU’S Opinion on the EU-Singapore FTA
Authors: Lavranos Nikos
Published: July 2024

This contribution discusses the main conclusions of the CJEU’S Opinion on the EU-Singapore FTA and its impact on the EU’S investment policy. The CJEU opined that some elements, in particular non-foreign direct investments, the dispute settlement and transparency provisions, are of mixed competence, which requires the ratification by the EU and all Member States. This in turn raises several more general questions as to the future shape and form of the EU’S investment policy. It also discusses the potential impact on the dispute settlement architecture for Brexit. The author concludes that more decisions by the CJEU are necessary to clarify all outstanding issues. In the meantime, the EU’S investment policy will remain a complicated, cumbersome and highly politicized process.
The Energy Union: A New Policy Paradigm or a Revived Focus on Old Priorities? A Journey across the Internal and External Implications of Its Five Dimensions
Authors: Zannier Leonardo , Tarantini Federico
Published: July 2024

The Energy Union represents an important initiative that can contribute to revitalising the economic and political integration within Europe. This article examines the rationale leading to the Energy Union Strategy in 2015 and provides an overview of the progress made since then. In particular, it illustrates the main legislative proposals adopted as a result of the strategy and it elaborates on how those contribute to the development of a secure, sustainable, and competitive energy system in Europe. At the same time, the Energy Union is not intended to be simply an inward-looking project, as it equally entails significant actions at international level related to the EU energy and climate agenda. In this context, the authors elaborate on the impacts that the Energy Union is having on existing and future cooperation with the EU’S partners. The article concludes on the way forward on the implementation of the Energy Union and on the remaining challenges towards its transformation into a new policy paradigm.
Old Problems and New Challenges: Will the Energy Union Provide the Answers?
Authors: Talus Kim
Published: July 2024

This article will focus on the Energy Union, one of the priority areas of the current European Commission. Specifically, it will examine the question posed by the organisers of an energy and disputes resolution conference in Bocconi, Italy: will the Energy Union provide the answers to the old problems and new challenges of the European Union energy policy? The tentative answer suggested by this article is that it will, in terms of volumes of new initiatives and proposals, it will, but any actual change and impact is uncertain. Within the context of this general theme, the article will discuss the nature of Energy Union and some of the content of its latest proposals for new EU energy law.
The Withdrawal of a European State from the ECT in Light of the Achmea Case
Authors: Rao Giammarco
Published: July 2024

This essay explores the possibility that a claim may be brought against the EU under the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) for a breach by an EU Member State. The extent to which the EU might be held responsible is relevant in situations where the Member State is no longer a party to the ECT, such as Italy. This essay takes into account the impact of the Achmea judgment on Article 26 ECT and analyses whether an intra- EU dispute (i.e. against the EU) might still be brought under the ECT. Moreover, it attempts to address the issue of which parties can bring this claim and discusses how to allocate and attribute responsibility to the EU in case of a breach of the ECT by a Member State. Further, it considers the hypothetical case where a national court does not enforce an ECT award on the basis of the Achmea judgment. This author concludes that foreign investors in Italy, including ones from EU Member States, may bring a claim against the EU under the ECT when the breach is due to the implementation of EU binding decisions by EU Member States. Finally, the essay briefly deals with the jurisdictional immunity of the EU.
Recent Awards in Spanish Renewable Energy Cases and the Potential Consequences of the Achmea Judgment for Intra-EU ECT Arbitrations
Authors: Verburg Cees , Lavranos Nikos
Published: July 2024

Regulatory changes to the Spanish renewable energy support scheme have given rise to more than 30 ECT arbitration cases. Although Spain prevailed in the first two cases decided in 2016, investors were successful in two cases decided in 2017 and early 2018. This contribution describes and analyzes the findings of these latter two cases, Eiser v. Spain and Novenergia v. Spain. As the number of awards in renewable energy cases increases, one can discern emerging patterns in ECT jurisprudence concerning renewable energy. In addition to the two Spanish ECT cases, this contribution also examines the potential consequences of the Achmea judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union for intra-EU ECT arbitration from both an EU law and public international law perspective. The authors conclude that the Eiser and Novenergia awards solidify the view that sudden, unexpected policy changes that are applied retroactively and which have a significant negative impact on investments will likely be considered as breaches of the ECT.
Doomed to Failure: Why the EU Investment Court System is Destined to Fail Both Foreign Investors and Host States – 3rd Annual EFILA Conference Keynote
Authors: N. Brower Charles
Published: July 2024

This contribution discusses the EU’s multilateral investment court system (the ICS) and its promotion by the EU in the context of what is in essence ‘fake news’ about investment arbitration. Given the problems with the ICS, including little clarity over its precise structure, unanswered questions regarding the likely candidates for judges, and apparent division between EU Member States on the whole idea, the author argues that the ICS is destined to die.
The Future of Intra-EU Investment Arbitration: Intra-EU Investment Arbitration under the ECT post Achmea
Authors: Arif Sahra
Published: July 2024

The Achmea judgment of the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) found that arbitration clauses in bilateral investment treaties (BITs) between Member States of the European Union are incompatible with European Union law. Following this, Member States attempted to invoke this judgment in relation to similar intra-EU arbitrations under the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT). Tribunals established under the ECT have however generally rejected the applicability of the Achmea judgement. While the EU Commission and the majority of Member States concluded that this judgment also precludes intra-EU ECT arbitrations, a few Member States held the opposite view. The future of intra-EU ECT arbitrations therefore seems fragile in the least. A closer analysis of the decisions of ECT Tribunals, and the relationship between obligations under European Union law and international law however argues that the future of such intra-EU ECT arbitrations is not as fragile as it may seem.