bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Unique Case of Unilateral Distal Arm Weakness as a Presentation of Myasthenia Gravis
Authors:   Department of Neurology and Unit of Neuroimmunology, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, F Shalabi , D Karussis ,   Department of Neurology and Unit of Neuroimmunology, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Published: January 2022

Background: Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder which typically presents with fluctuating ocular, bulbar or proximal limbs weakness. Case Presentation: A 71-year-old woman was admitted to our Neurology department with sudden onset of right distal hand weakness which exacerbated within days and subsequently involved also the proximal limbs and ocular muscles following treatment with high-dose steroids (admitted due to suspicion of myelitis). After a broad neurological work up, she was diagnosed with MG, based on the findings of a typical decremental pattern on Repetitive Nerve Stimulation (RNS) test and the presence of Acetylcholine Receptor Antibodies (AChRAbs). Treatment with 5 cycles of plasma exchange induced a dramatic clinical improvement. Conclusion: This case represents an atypical presentation of MG, simulating Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) or myelitis and unmasking of signs by treatment with high dose of steroids.
Macroscopic Pseudoexfoliation Material within the Iridocorneal Angle
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Australia, EC Berry , S Mullany ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Australia, OM Siggs ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Australia, JE Craig ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Australia
Published: January 2022

During routine follow-up of an 85-year-old man with bilateral pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, unusually large newly deposited macroscopic sheets of pseudoexfoliation material were observed in the right inferior iridocorneal angle (Panel A). These sheetlike accumulations were further characterized as hyper-reflective filamentous structures on anterior segment optical coherence tomography (Panel B). Pseudoexfoliative glaucoma had been diagnosed four years prior with intraocular pressures of 34 mmHg OD and 28 mmHg OS, and vertical cup-to-disc ratios of 0.9 OD and 0.85 OS. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was initially managed with topical latanoprost and timolol OU, followed by trabeculectomy OD. With continued topical therapy, his IOP remained well controlled for three years, after which selective laser trabeculoplasty OD was performed due to increasing IOP and severe visual field loss. Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is a systemic disease often associated with glaucoma due to accumulation of pseudoexfoliation material within the trabecular meshwork, and consequent impairment of aqueous outflow
Predictive Factors of Weight Loss in a Group of Obese Tunisian Women
Authors:   Outpatient Department and Functional Explorations, National Institute of Nutrition, Tunis, Tunisia, H Abdesselem , C Harizi ,   University of Tunis EL Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, 1007, Tunisia, NB Amor ,   University of Tunis EL Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, 1007, Tunisia, S Mhidhi ,   University of Tunis EL Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, 1007, Tunisia, H Jamoussi ,   University of Tunis EL Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, 1007, Tunisia, I Sebai ,   Outpatient Department and Functional Explorations, National Institute of Nutrition, Tunis, Tunisia, K Ounaissa ,   Outpatient Department and Functional Explorations, National Institute of Nutrition, Tunis, Tunisia, R Fakhfakh ,   University of Tunis EL Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, 1007, Tunisia, C Amrouche ,   Outpatient Department and Functional Explorations, National Institute of Nutrition, Tunis, Tunisia
Published: January 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of a weight loss of more than 5% of the baseline weight in a group of Tunisian women with obesity. Methods: Prospective study at the Obesity Research Unit of the National Institute of Nutrition of Tunis, including 73 adult women with obesity. After 6 months of lifestyle interventions, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to extract predictors of success of weight loss at 6-months. Results: More than half of patients (57.5%) achieved a loss of ≥5% of body weight from baseline. Univariate analysis found that initial weight loss at one month (p <10-3), potassium intake (p=0.010), phosphorus intake (p=0.012) and folate intake (p=0.025) were the factors associated with success of weight loss. The multivariate analysis showed that initial weight loss at one month (OR=2.369; p=0.02), TSH (OR=3.632; p=0.026) and dietary phosphorus intake (OR=0.995; p=0.011) were related to success of weight loss. Conclusion: Larger-scale studies with long-term follow-up would be needed to better determine the predictors not only of success of weight loss but also of its long-term maintenance.
Association between Homocysteine-Related Dietary Patterns and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Study Using the Reduced Rank Regression Method
Authors:   Department of Nutrition, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, W Hui , L Yu-Hong ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, L Ling-Peng ,   Department of Clinical Lab, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, Y Min-Hui ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, W Siyu ,   Department of Nutrition, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, L Gu-Qin ,   Department of Nutrition, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, S Chun-Yan ,   Department of Nutrition, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
Published: January 2022

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the association between homocysteine-related dietary patterns and gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 488 pregnant women at 24-28 weeks of gestation between January 2019 and December 2020 were included. Demographic characteristics, dietary intake, and multivitamin supplement intake information were collected using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ); fasting venous blood samples were collected for serum index detection. Serum homocysteine (Hcy), folic acid, and B12 were selected as response variables, and hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy)-related dietary patterns were extracted using the descending rank regression method. The relationship between the score of hHcy-related dietary patterns and GDM was analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: Three hHcy-related dietary patterns were extracted: (Mode 1) more meat, cattle meat intake, green leafy vegetables, dark vegetables and soy, and less consumption of shrimp; (Mode 2) livestock meat, eggs and more grains, green leafy vegetables, bacteria, algae, dairy, and less nuts intake; and (Mode 3) livestock meat intake, and less soy intake. Because the explanatory variation of mode 3 was relatively small, it was not retained. Only mode 2 had a positive and significant relationship with the risk of developing GDM. After adjusting for confounding factors, the risk of GDM was significantly increased in the highest quartile array (OR=2.96, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.939-9.356, P=0.004). There was no significant correlation between dietary pattern 1 and GDM risk (P >0.05). Conclusion: Homocysteine-related dietary patterns were positively associated with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Second Line Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer after Failure of First-Line FOLFIRINOX: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Korea, EM Lee
Published: January 2022

Background: The first-line combination chemotherapy regimens, FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel, improved survival outcomes in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. However, there is no consensus therapy after failure of first-line chemotherapy. This objective of this study was to analysis of the clinical characteristics and outcomes of subsequent chemotherapy in patients who failed first-line FOLFIRINOX. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer receiving second-line chemotherapy after failure of FOLFIRINOX at Kosin University Gaspel Hospital from January 2013 to July 2020. Results: Sixty-three patients with advanced pancreatic cancer received first-line FOLFIRINOX, and 33 (51.7%) of those patients received at least one cycle of second-line chemotherapy. At the start of second-line chemotherapy, the median age of patients was 59 years (range, 31-79), and 54.5% (61 patients) was male. The second-line chemotherapy regimens included gemcitabine/ nab-paclitaxel (21, 63.6%), gemcitabine/erlotinib (6, 18.2%), and gemcitabine monotherapy (6, 18.2%). Of twenty-five patients who had measurable disease, only 1 patient (4.0%) achieved a partial response, and the disease control rate was 56% (14 patients). The median Overall Survival (OS) was 8.7 months (95% Confidence Interval [CI], 5.2-12.2), and the median progression-free survival was 3.2 months (95% CI, 1.7-4.8). The median OS from starting FOLFIRINOX was14.7 months (95% CI, 10.4-18.3). There was no significant difference of median OS between second-line regimens. Conclusion: Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy had modest survival benefits in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer after failure of FOLFIRINOX.
Influenza Pandemics and the associated Bacterial Infections
Authors:   Department of Virology (A Unit of Department of Microbiology), Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, M Khanna , N Agrawal ,   Department of Virology (A Unit of Department of Microbiology), Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, R Chandra ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, G Dhawan ,   Department of Biomedical Science, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Kalkaji, New Delhi, India
Published: January 2022

Influenza virus is a highly contagious respiratory pathogen capable of causing a global spread of infection potentially leading to a pandemic situation. The genome of influenza virus can undergo genetic-reassortment also known as “genetic shift” resulting in generation of a novel strain, which can cause widespread outbreaks. The increasing rates of morbidity and mortality during influenza infections is primarily associated with secondary bacterial infections and co-morbid conditions like asthma, cardiac diseases etc. Hence, clinicians have included the antibiotics along with antivirals and vaccines in the treatment regime. As a measure for better preparedness for any future pandemics, priority should be given to infrastructure facilities for production and stockpiling of drugs and vaccines. The non-pharmaceutical interventions like isolating the patients, hand hygiene and improved sanitation and nutrition facilities will also play a vital role in preventing the spread of infection.
Role of Microorganisms and Supplement Additives during Sugarcane Straw Composting Process
Authors:   Agriculture Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Egypt, FS Ali , R Khalaphallah ,   Agriculture Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Egypt, A Alnagar ,   Agriculture Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Egypt, O Abdelatif Omar Saad ,   Agriculture Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Egypt
Published: January 2022

Microorganisms and supplement additives such as Poultry Manure (PM) - Cow Manure (CM) - Ammonium nitrate (NH3) also have an essential role in enriching and accelerating the sugar cane straw (ScS) residues biodegradation to produce organic fertilizer (compost). Supplement additives may affect physical and chemical changes inside ScS heaps, such as (pH - internal temperature - humidity ratio). These changes also affect the activity of microorganisms in the decomposition of ScS residues. So the main objectives of this investigation are to find out convenient solutions to abate the environmental impact by focused on ScS and their microbiological studies, for production of compost. Microorganisms effect of the ScS decomposition, periods of decomposition and decomposition efficiency. The self-heating temperature increased after two weeks (66.5oC to 72.7oC) was attained. After one month, Self-heating temperature decreased gradually up to the finish of the experiment. PH values recorded after two weeks were ranged of 7.2 to 8.3 throughout the composting operation. Counts of all microorganisms increased during composting process as compared with their initial counts. The total counts of thermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes were present throughout the composting process 85.5 x 105 and 56.8 x 104 CFU/g, respectively. C/N ratio decreased by composting reaching about 8.9:1, acute microbiological activities likely be due to reduce C/N ratio and Organic Matter (OM) mineralization. The supplement additives from alternatives substances enhanced the biodegradation of composting mixtures. Generally, ScS compost can be used as a substitute for other organic manures for amending soils.
How Nutritional Status and Body Composition Affect Physical Performance of Older Adults?
Authors:   Department of Toxicology and Occupational Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland, P Fatyga , B Wizner ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland, M Fedyk-Łukasik ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland, T Grodzicki ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland, A Skalska ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland
Published: January 2022

Background: Malnutrition and poor physical performance are associated with higher morbidity, mortality, and lower quality of life. Muscle and fat mass have been shown to be related to nutritional status and physical fitness. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between nutritional status, body composition and physical performance in outpatient older adults. Materials and Methods: Demographic data and medical history were collected from patients aged ≥60 years followed in the Geriatric Outpatient Clinic using a structured questionnaire. Body Mass Index (kg/m²) was calculated. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical performance was assessed by handgrip Strength (HGS), Gait Speed (GS), Timed Up & Go Test (TUG), Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT), nutritional status by Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and serum albumin level. Results: Mean age of 76 patients (64.47% men) was 71.93±8.88 yrs. In multiple regression analyses, age, good nutritional status and percent of lower extremity fat, but not appendicular Lean Mass (aLM), independently influenced gait speed; in turn longer TUG time was associated with poorer nutritional status, older age and a higher number of medical comorbidities. Higher handgrip strength was related to male sex, greater aLM, and younger age, and 6MWT was influenced negatively by age and percent of lower extremity fat. Conclusions: Age and nutritional status remain a strong determinant of physical fitness deterioration. Identifying the relationship between deficits in physical performance, nutritional status and body composition can help elucidate the causes of disability and target preventive measures.
Prevalence of Missed Nursing Care and Associated Factors - a Nurse’s Perspective - at the Oncology Departments in Gaza Strip, Palestine
Authors:   Nursing Research Committee, General Directorate of Nursing, Palestinian Ministry of Health, Gaza Strip, Palestine, AH Albelbeisi , KM Shaqfa ,   General Directorate of Nursing, Palestinian Ministry of Health, Gaza Strip, Palestine, HS Aiash ,   Planning and Quality Control Unit, Palestinian Ministry of Health, Gaza Strip, Palestine, WA Kishta ,   Nursing Research Committee, European Gaza Hospital, Palestinian Ministry of Health, Gaza Strip, Palestine, EI Alreqeb ,   Nursing Research Committee, European Gaza Hospital, Palestinian Ministry of Health, Gaza Strip, Palestine
Published: January 2022

Background: The present study aims to determine the prevalence of nursing missed care and associated factors at the oncology departments in Gaza Strip, Palestine. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted among all nurses who worked at the only two hospitals offer oncology nursing care in Gaza Strip, Palestine between May to July 2020 using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Data from 52 nurses (44 had bachelor and 8 had diploma certificate) on five oncology departments in the European Gaza and Al-Rantisi hospitals revealed that the overall prevalence of missed nursing care was 39%. The most common areas of missed care reported were; providing oral hygiene for those who need (n=39, 75%), treatments and some of nursing procedures left undone because of lack of time (n=34, 65.3%), and always nurses consider cleaning of patient’s room or equipment (n=30, 57.7%). The main factors leading to missed nursing care were lack of enough nurses, no opportunity for nurses to participate in policy decisions, absent of active quality assurance program, management do not listen and response to employee concerns, and there is no a preceptor program for newly hired nurses (weighted means: 37.8%, 37.4%, 36.8%, 36%, and 35%, respectively). Conclusion: The findings of the present study demonstrated the need for more quality improvement efforts to reduce missed nursing care in the oncology departments. Considering issues such as shortage in staff number, nurses’ continuing education/training programs and involvement in policy decisions, and direct response to the career concerns could reduce the prevalence of missed care.
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Attenuation as Marker of Prognosis in Patients Admitted with Covid-19
Authors:   Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Ramon y Cajal 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain, E González-Bartol , T Sevilla ,   Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Ramon y Cajal 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain, A Aparisi-Sanz ,   Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Ramon y Cajal 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain, CH Aristizabal-Duque ,   Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Ramon y Cajal 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain, C Ybarra-Falcón ,   Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Ramon y Cajal 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain, C Iglesias-Echeverría ,   Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Ramon y Cajal 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain, I Gómez-Salvador ,   Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Ramon y Cajal 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain, C Baladrón ,   Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Ramon y Cajal 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain, A San Román ,   Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Ramon y Cajal 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
Published: January 2022

Objective: To investigate the association of Computed Tomography (CT) Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue (SAT) attenuation with outcome in patients admitted due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Background: Obesity is associated with worse outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) but the underlying mechanisms are not well known. It is thought that the adipose tissue promotes a proinflammatory state that affects negatively these patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed chest CT scans of 75 patients admitted for SARS-CoV-2 infection. SAT attenuation was measured. Clinical and prognostic variables were collected from the medical reports. A statistical analysis was performed to determine the association of SAT attenuation CT measurements with the prognosis of COVID 19. Results: Mean age of patients was 71 years and 56% were male. Comorbidities included hypertension (54.7%), cancer history (27%), diabetes mellitus (25%) and obesity (8.7%). During admission 10 patients required intensive care (13.3%), all of them with mechanical ventilation and 7 patients needed vasopressor support (9.3%). In-hospital mortality occurred in 18 patients (24%). SAT attenuation was higher in hypertensive patients (-106.3±14.4 vs. -114.7±13.4 HU, p=0.011) in patients with cancer history (-102.6±13.8 vs. -112.8±13.9 HU, p=0.006 and in patients who died (-99.9 vs. -113.3 HU, p<0.001). Conclusion: SAT attenuation was associated with death in admitted patients with COVID-19. SAT attenuation is a broadly available marker that may indicate poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients.
Aristolochia longa (Aristolochiaceae) Spice Alleviates Nickel-Induced Oxidative Stress and Biochemical Alterations in Rats
Authors:   Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Science Sand Life, University of El Oued, El-Oued, Algeria, L Ibtissam , D Samir ,   Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Science Sand Life, University of El Oued, El-Oued, Algeria, Z Wiam ,   Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Science Sand Life, University of El Oued, El-Oued, Algeria
Published: January 2022

The objective of this work is to study the protective effect of Aristolochia longa against the variation of biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in rats exposed sub acutely to nickel. This is an experimental study carried out in the laboratory on 15 female Wistar rats divided into three groups (n=5), the first group of which serves as a control, the second group is contaminated with nickel, the third group is contaminated with nickel and treated with A. longa. Biochemical and oxidative stress parameters were analyzed on the rats of the various. The aqueous extract of A. longa included a variety of bioactive components, including polyphenols, saponins, terpenoids, glycosides, and flavonoids, according to phytochemical screening results, and nickel treatment resulted in a considerable increase in serum Urea, Uric acid, creatinine and GOT, GPT activities. The results obtained also reveal a bioaccumulation of Ni and an oxidative stress in group contaminated with nickel, with an increase in the level of hepatic Ni and a significant augmentation in the Kidney MDA and decrease in the level of GSH and the activity of tissue SOD. Treatment with A. longa improves biochemical parameters and reduces tissue nickel levels, with protection of organs against oxidative radical attacks induced by nickel. In conclusion, this study shows that treatment with A. longa induces a beneficial effect against the toxicity of nickel at the molecular and tissue level.
Pharmacogenomics of Insulin Secretagogues in Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Reactions
Authors:   State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China, Li Yu-jie , Li Zuowei ,   Biomedpharma,Inc., No.5002, Rm606, Xiang'an South Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China, Hong Wanjin ,   State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China, Li Liangcheng ,   State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
Published: January 2022

Insulin secretagogues, including sulfonylureas and glinides, are prevailingly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus to ameliorate hyperglycemia. Although they have been wildly used in clinic for many years and exhibited acceptable efficacy, however, the response to these drugs varies among individuals, which is partly due to the genetic factors that affect the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and adverse reactions of the drugs. Pharmacogenomics, is to expound the relationship between the genetic polymorphisms and drug responses, which is expected to provide information for personalized medicing. In this article, we review and discuss current pharmacogenomics researches on insulin secretagogues, and wish to provide useful data and idea to improve the utilization of these drugs in clinic.
Evaluation of Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Active Phytochemicals against Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
Authors:   Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India, DK Maurya
Published: January 2022

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a novel coronavirus has spread all over the globe and become pandemic now. Until now several vaccines have come-up with limited efficacy for the managing COVID-19. However, several studies are still going on to find suitable therapeutic drugs which can target viral proteins or host receptor. Hence the search for plant-based anti-viral agents against the SARS-CoV-2 is promising because several plants have been shown to possess anti-viral activities against different viruses. Here, we used in silico approach to explore the use of Indian Ayurvedic herbs, Yashtimadhu against COVID-19. In the present study we have evaluated the effectiveness of phytochemicals found in Yashtimadhu against Main Protease (Mpro), Spike (S) protein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2 as well as human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and furin protease. Apart from this, we have also predicted the anti-viral, in-silico druglikeness, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, protein targets, and their function for the phytochemicals found in the Yashtimadhu. Our study shows that several phytochemicals found in this plant have potential to bind with important proteins of SARS-CoV-2 which are essential for viral infection and replication. Overall our study provides scientific basis in terms of binding of active ingredients present in Yashtimadhu with SARS-CoV-2 target proteins. Molecular docking and MD simulation studies reveal that Yashtimadhu may inhibit the viral severity by interfering with viral entry as well as its multiplication in the infected persons. Thus, Yashtimadhu may be helpful in the prevention and management of the COVID-19.
Biocomputational Screening and Pharmacological Studies of Gymnema sylvester in Contrast to Human CCR5 and CXCR4 Chemokine Receptors
Authors:   MS Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Pakistan, Khan Alima , Afzal Mahnoor ,   MS Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Pakistan, Asif Zukhruf ,   MS Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Pakistan, Sameen Ammara ,   MS Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Pakistan, Sohail Shehreen ,   MS Microbiology, University of Central Punjab, Pakistan, Rana Hamza ,   MBBS, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Pakistan, Khan Tayyaba ,   MS Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Pakistan, Sohail Fareeha ,   BS Microbiology, Government College University, Pakistan
Published: January 2022

In last twenty years DNA, profiling has become an obligatory technology, which has brought scientists towards forensic identification. Thousands of STR markers are present in human genome but only core set of loci are selected for forensic DNA and human identification. STRs have become famous in forensic labs because even low amount and degraded form can be easily typed. STRs are found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including humans. They appear scattered almost evenly throughout the human genome, resulting in about 3% of the genome. However, their distribution in chromosomes is not quite uniform. Usually, STRs occur in the noncoding regions, only about 8% are located in the coding regions. In humans, chromosome 19 has the highest density of STRs. On an average, one STR occurs per 2,000 bp in the human genome. On the basis of repeat units, STRs can be differentiated into different types. The repeats of STR markers are highly variable in human population. STR marker evaluation very precisely figures out individual humans at the molecular level even from very small quantities. STR locus in the identification selected is D7S820 from NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology). Conditions for STR with the changes in temperature, magnesium ion concentration, primer and setting up, PCR of the marker used to carry out. PCR product is inspected of agarose gel. The results showed that the STR locus being investigated is detectable by PCR. PCR showed that the detection of primer and temperature conditions measured by using the fixed amount of magnesium, D7S820 locus bands are weaker than expected. Using a buffer and setting magnesium condition towards changes in primer and temperature, addition of Taq polymerase at a temperature of 94°C, bands become visible desirably.
Non-Hispanic Black Americans’ Diminished Protective Effects of Educational Attainment and Employment against Cardiometabolic Diseases: NHANES 1999-2016
Authors:   Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA, H Zare , S Assari ,   Department of Urban Public Health, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, USA
Published: January 2022

Background: While Socioeconomic Status (SES) indicators such as educational attainment and employment are among the major drivers of health and illness, the health returns of SES indicators may differ across racial groups. Built on the Marginalization-Related Diminished Returns framework (MDRs) that refers to weaker health effects of SES indicators for marginalized and minoritized groups than non-Hispanic White people, we conducted this study with two aims: First, to test the association between educational attainment and employment with Cardio Metabolic Diseases (CMDs), and second, to test racial variations in these associations. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2016) data. Participants included 29,230 adults who were either non-Hispanic White or non-Hispanic Black. We measured the following: race, demographic factors (age and sex, and marital status), SES (educational attainment and employment), behaviors (smoking, drinking, and exercise), health insurance, and CMDs (diabetes, stroke, hypertension, and congestive heart failure). Weighted Poisson regression models were used in Stata to adjust for the complex sample design of the NHANES. Models without and with interactions were performed in the pooled sample. We also ran racestratified models. Results: Overall, high educational attainment and employment showed inverse associations with some CMDs. As documented by statistical interactions between race and our SES indicators, we observed weaker inverse associations between educational attainment and employment with some CMDs. Racestratified models also confirmed our main analysis; however, the results varied across CMD conditions. Conclusion: We observed that SES indicators such as educational attainment and employment have differential associations for racial groups. Compared to non-Hispanic White people, non-Hispanic Black people remain at CMDs risk across the full SES spectrum. This finding is in line with the MDRs framework and may be due to the structural racism, social stratification, and marginalization of non-Hispanic Black Americans.
Acute Abdomen Misdiagnosed as Leaking Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm: An Unusual Presentation of Pulmonary Embolism: Case Report
Authors:   Gastroenterology Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK, E Khater , M Osman ,   General Surgery Department, Rotherham General Hospital, Rotherham, UK, M Ibrahem ,   Radiology Department, Rotherham General Hospital, Rotherham, UK, A Elkady ,   Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
Published: January 2022

We are presenting a case study about a 62-year-old lady who presented to A&E with abdominal pain and hypotension. Initially her presentation was thought as leaking aortic aneurysm giving that all investigations done were inconclusive. CTAA was done accordingly which showed incidental finding of Pulmonary Embolism (PE). In Literature, we found few cases reported for PE with abdominal pain. Yet, our case discussed a unique presentation of PE with lower abdominal pain without desaturation of oxygen rather than upper abdominal pain with low oxygen saturation. Our case is supported with images of the CTPA and Chest X-ray. Our recommendation is that clinicians should consider PE as one of the differential diagnoses of acute abdomen due to its high mortality rate when misdiagnosed or missed diagnosed.
Challenges and Lessons Learned from the Department of Reproductive Medicine at Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar: An Overview of 28 Years of IVF and Future Recommendations
Authors:   Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women’s Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar, H Burjaq , FW Khogali ,   Medical Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar, R Burjaq ,   968th Street, Doha, Qatar, M Al-Bader ,   Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women’s Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar, A Abd El Hadi ,   Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women’s Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar, S Hammoudeh ,   Medical Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
Published: January 2022

With Qatar being a pronatalist society, it has been essential to determine the cause of infertility in the country. While a study by Zauner and Girardi has identified several factors that include metabolic diseases, consanguinity, lifestyle, cultural, religious and environmental factors, the doctors and embryologists, based on experience and expertise, at the main and leading Reproductive Medicine Department in the country (DoRM) observed several other factors that result in infertility. Those factors include age, obesity, diabetes, vitamin deficiency and consanguinity. Furthermore, educational, and preventative efforts have been recommended to mitigate the effects of these challenges and to meet the country’s pronatalist goals.
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and the Effects They Play in Plant Regulators
Authors:   Repar Corporation, 8070 Georgia Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA, S Mandava , NB Mandava ,   Repar Corporation, 8070 Georgia Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
Published: January 2022

Over the past few decades, there has been increased global concern regarding Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs). Endocrine disrupting chemicals, also known as Endocrine Disruptors (EDs), are chemicals that may interfere with the endocrine or hormonal systems in animals and humans. These chemicals can be manmade as well as naturally produced in the environment. While some chemicals have been found to be endocrine disruptors, mixed information and contradictory studies obscure the true severity of EDCs. In some cases, the data portrays endocrine disrupting chemicals as negative to human health and hazardous to the environment; examples of this include the research found against Bisphenol A. In the same nature, some EDCs or suspected EDCs like phytoestrogens are typically identified as helpful and beneficial. This review article aims to examine the mechanisms of regulation in endocrine disrupting chemicals and their effects on human health in efforts to shed light on some of the misconceptions often associated with EDCs.
State and main development trends of the russian defence industry complex
Authors: Glazkova V. V.
Published: January 2022

The defence industry complex is an important part of the country’s economy. The vector of development of the Russian Defence Industry Complex is determined by the national interests of the state and the relevant state programmes for the complex' development .The purpose of the study is to systematise the factors, both external and internal, affecting the development of the Russian Defence Industry Complex. The study solves the problems of assessing the state and prospects of the complex' development in question, of identifying and grouping factors which influence the state and dynamics of its development. The main research methods used were analysis, generalisation, dialectics and consideration of the object of study in time.The article analyses the current state of the domestic defence industry complex, considers the guidelines for its development. The study demonstrates the dynamics of the enterprises number of this complex, their sectoral structure, the rate of change in the volume of industrial products produced by enterprises of this complex, including for export. The classification of factors influencing the defence industry' development is presented, which it is advisable to take into account when developing and implementing management decisions on issues of achieving the sustainability of the Russian Defence Industry Complex.
Organisational and methodological aspects of development, implementation and evaluation of the Defence Industry Complex enterprises᾿diversification programmes in digital transformation
Authors: Pisareva O. M. , Starikovsky A. V. , Putilov K. S.
Published: January 2022

The article analyses the directionsʼ specifics of human resources managementʼs in the Defence Industry Complex in the diversification of defence enterprises. The purpose of the study is to improve the management quality of the development, implementation and evaluation of diversification programmes based on the improvement of methods and mechanisms for managing the human resources of enterprises in the digital transformation of business models of organisations of the country’s Defence Industry Complex. The methodological basis of the research paper is the analysis of theoretical materials and practical developments in the field of organisational and methodological support for the development and implementation of diversification programmes abroad and in the Russian Federation, and a generalisation of their results. The authors proposed the directions of adaptation and updating of the organisational and methodological support of the diversification process through the use of digital technologies, which are aimed at evaluating the training and retraining of personnel, at assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of management personnel that ensure the implementation of these programmes, to reduce the time required for the implementation of the diversification programmes themselves. The results of the study can be useful for implementation in the practice of developing diversification programmes, for creating systems for monitoring and controlling the implementation of program activities, for evaluating the intermediate and final results of its implementation, and for building contractual relations between defence industry complex enterprises.
Dynamic Self-organization in an Open Reaction Network as the Fundamental Principle for the Emergence of Life
Authors: Mukouyama, Yoshiharu , Tanaka Kenya , Nakanishi Shuji , Nakato Yoshihiro
Published: February 2022

The emergence of life on the earth has attracted intense attention but still remained an unsolved question. A key problem is that it has been left unclear why a living organism can have self-organizing ability leading to highly ordered structures and evolutionary behavior. This work reveals by computer simulation and experiments that a stationary state of an open reaction network really has such self-organizing ability. The point is that reaction and diffusion processes are irreversible and always forced to approach equilibrium. Therefore, a network of such irreversible processes necessarily reaches a fully-balanced stationary state and moreover a stationary state thus formed is firmly stabilized by them and kept stable against fluctuation, namely it has self-organizing ability. Dynamic self-organization revealed in this work is realized with no special mechanism such as autocatalysis and can act as the fundamental principle of evolution toward highly ordered structures and the emergence of life.
ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS MODEL FAIRCLOUGH DAN WODAK PADA PIDATO PRABOWO (Critical Discourse Analysis of Fairclough’ and Wodak’s Model Within Prabowo’s Speech)
Authors: Megawati Erna
Published: January 2022

Banyak masyarakat ketika membaca berita di media tidak menggunakan kerangka berpikir kritis sehingga apa yang dibaca langsung saja diyakini atau dipercayai tanpa mempertanyakan kebenaran berita tersebut atau apa kepentingan di balik berita itu. Hal inilah yang menimbulkan pergolakan di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis wacana meggunakan pendekatan kritis yaitu AWK model Fairclough dan model pendekatan sejarah Wodak. Metodologi penelitian ini berupa kualitatif deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara pencatatan kemudian dianalisis dengan model AWK Fairclough dan model Wodak. Sumber data diambil dari pidato Prabowo pada berita Tempo pada tanggal 14 Mei 2019 dan 12 April 2014. Unit analisis kajian ini berupa kosa kata dan struktur tata bahasa. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan representasi, relasi dan identitas yang ada di dalam wacana pidato serta adanya hubungan sejarah dari wacana pidato tersebut.Most people do not think critically when they read news in a media so that they tend to directly believe it without questioning the truth or what interest may lay beyond it. This is what causes upheal in society.  The goal of this research is to analyze discourses using critical approach such as CDA model Fairclough and DHA Wodak. The methodology of research was descriptive qualitative. Data is collected using noting technique an analyzed by CDA model Fairclough and DHA Wodak. the source data was taken from Prabowo’s speeches at 14 Mei 2019 and 12 April 2014. The unit being analyzed was vocavuaries and grammar. The findings show representation, relation, and identity within the speeches and the historical relation among those speeches.
SIKAP MAHASISWA PULAU BANGKA TERHADAP BAHASA INDONESIA, BAHASA DAERAH, DAN BAHASA ASING (Attitude of Bangka Island Students towards Indonesian, Local Language, and Foreign Language)
Authors: Hariyanto Prima
Published: January 2022

Bahasa Indonesia harus terus dibina dan dikembangkan agar menjadi bahasa modern untuk bahasa komunikasi dalam berbagai sendi kehidupan dan ranah keilmuan. Untuk mencapai cita-cita tersebut harus didukung oleh penuturnya yang memiliki sikap positif terhadap bahasa Indonesia. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui sikap mahasiswa di Pulau Bangka terhadap bahasa Indonesia, bahasa daerah, dan bahasa asing yang dikaitkan dengan hasil Uji Kemahiran Berbahasa Indonesia (UKBI). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan instrumen kuisioner model skala Likert dan model Trustone. Responden penelitian ini adalah 386 mahasiswa dari delapan perguruan tinggi di Pulau Bangka. Berdasarkan hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa mahasiswa Pulau Bangka lebih cenderung bersikap positif terhadap bahasa Indonesia. Begitu pula dengan motivasi belajar mahasiswa terhadap bahasa Indonesia. Meskipun ada yang bersikap negatif, jumlahnya tidak terlalu mengkhawatirkan. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa pada kelompok generasi muda, semakin tinggi usia generasi muda semakin negatif sikap bahasa dan motivasi mereka. Sebaliknya, semakin muda usia generasi muda, semakin positif sikap bahasa dan motivasi mereka. Temuan lain dari penelitian ini adalah semakin positif sikap seseorang terhadap bahasa Indonesia, semakin tinggi pula nilai UKBI-nya.Indonesian must continue to be fostered and developed to become a modern language for a communication language in various aspects of life and fields of science. To realm this aim must be supported by Indonesian speakers who have a positive attitude towards Indonesian. Therefore, this study aims to determine the attitude of students in Bangka island towards Indonesian, local language, and foreign language associated with the results of the Indonesian Language Proficiency Test (UKBI). This research is a quantitative study using instruments of questionnaires with Likert scale models and Trustone models. The research  respondents are 386 students from eight universities in Bangka Island. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that Bangka Island students are more likely to be positive about Indonesian. The same is true of students' motivation towards Indonesian. Although there are negative attitudes, the numbers are not too alarming. The study also found out that in the younger generation group, the higher their age, the more negative their attitude and language motivation. Conversely, the younger their age, the more positive their attitude and language motivation. Another finding from this study is the more positive a person's attitude towards Indonesian, the higher the UKBI score.
THE USE OF INDONESIAN LOAN WORDS IN MUNA LANGUAGE (Penggunaan Kata-Kata Serapan Bahasa Indonesia dalam Bahasa Muna)
Authors: Aso La , Konisi La Yani
Published: January 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas penggunaaan kata-kata serapan bahasa Indonesia dalam bahasa Muna. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan, partisipasi, rekaman, catat, dan interpretasi. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan mengklasifikasi data yang dikumpul, menentukan kata-kata serapan, memformulasikan dan menjelaskan kata-kata serapan dan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kata-kata serapan bahasa Indonesia dalam bahasa Muna selalu dipengaruhi oleh aspek fonologis atau perubahan bunyi. Karakteristik bahasa Muna sebagai bahasa vokalis menyebabkan semua silabel atau kata-kata pinjaman dari bahasa Indonesia ke bahasa Muna senantiasa menjadi silabel terbuka. Hal itu dapat terjadi melalui berbagai perubahan, seperti penambahan dan penghilangan konsonan, penambahan vokal, dan pemecahan kluster atau gugus konsonan.This article aims at discussing the use of Indonesian loan words in the Muna language. The data were collected through observation, participation, recording, noting, and interpretation. The data were then analyzed descriptively by classifying the gathered data, indicating the word classes, formulating and describing loan words, and making a conclusion. The result of this study showed that Indonesian loan words in the Muna language are mostly affected by phonological aspects or sound changes. Muna language's characteristics as vocalist language bring all loan words from Indonesian into Muna language always become open syllable. It occurs both by adding or deleting one of the consonants, adding or inserting vocals, and breaking cluster or consonant cluster.