bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correcting misperceptions of fundamental differences between US Republicans and Democrats: Some hope-inspiring effects
Authors: Wolf Lukas J. , Hanel Paul H. P.
Published: September 2023

Perceived polarization between US Democratic and Republican voters has grown over past decades, and this polarization underpins a dwindling sense of hope about the future. Contrary to this trend, the present three experiments (one pre-registered) with 2,529 US participants found substantial similarities between the groups in their fundamental values. We tested whether depicting these real value similarities in overlapping distributions can correct misperceptions of group differences and increase hope. Republicans and Democrats who saw overlapping distributions perceived the groups as more similar and expressed more hope in open-ended comments, compared to seeing commonly-used barplots or receiving no information. The effect on qualitative hope was partially explained by a sense of shared reality and potential for compromise between groups. We call on the social sciences to report the amount of group overlap when communicating research findings on group comparisons to the media and public to help reduce harmful perceptions of polarization.
Building the bond: Exploring the social functions of infant-directed speech and song
Authors: Hennessy Victoria , Zhao T. Christina
Published: September 2023

The bond between an infant and their primary caregiver plays a pivotal role in the infant’s social, emotional, and cognitive development. Central to this bonding process is affective or emotional communication, a dynamic and multifaceted aspect of the growing caregiver-infant relationship. This review delves into the social-emotional dimensions of two primary channels of affective communication in infancy: infant-directed (ID) speech and song. While existing research has recognized the emotional nature of both phenomena, very few studies thus far have directly examined specific research questions regarding affective content in ID communication, and questions persist regarding the role ID speech and song play during the formation of the caregiver-infant relationship. To improve our understanding, the following review explores the social-emotional properties of both ID speech and ID song. A side-by-side approach is used to illustrate how caregivers convey affective information through each channel and how infants respond to and modulate this input. We further discuss how studying infant-directed vocalizations from a social perspective may shed light on the early bonding process.
Measuring and reporting potential harm from universal school-based mental health interventions: Research recommendations for an ethical issue
Authors: Foulkes Lucy , Andrews Jack L , Reardon Tessa , Stringaris Argyris
Published: September 2023

There is growing evidence that universal school-based mental health interventions can lead to negative outcomes in young people. This is a critical ethical issue, especially when young people cannot easily opt-out of interventions run during school hours. To date, however, there is no guidance available about potential harms for researchers designing and running these interventions. In this Perspective, we set out five research recommendations: (1) acknowledge the possibility of potential harms; (2) identify types of potential harms; (3) measure and report potential harms in all outputs; (4) consider adverse events (e.g. a suicide attempt) and (5) consider participant dropout and disengagement. Using simulated data, we demonstrate that even if trials show small negative effects, this could lead to considerable harm if interventions are scaled up across the population. Furthering research in this area will help ensure the field delivers interventions that are most effective and least harmful for everyone.
LARGE-SCALE SUPER-RECOGNIZER IDENTIFICATION IN THE BERLIN POLICE
Authors: Ramon Meike , Vowels Matthew J
Published: September 2023

International law enforcement agencies are tasked with processing increasing amounts of security-relevant digital information, particularly images and videos showing physical persons' facial identity. The permissible use of technology is subject to certain legal conditions, which vary across legal systems. But even if automatic assistance is permissible, technology is neither ubiquitous nor infallible. Therefore, police agencies across the world require novel solutions enabling both efficient and accurate processing of individuals' facial identity. Over the past years, so-called Super-Recognizers (SRs), humans with an apparently innate superiority for processing facial identity, have received increasing interest from law enforcement. For good reason: they can be found among law enforcement professionals already tasked with safeguarding the public. Contrary to the surging media interest in this topic, little attention has been directed toward scrutinizing the methods that are used to identify these highly anticipated "super-heroes". This is problematic as available tests are developed in the lab by researchers, and cannot be expected to represent the variety of real-life tasks, which SRs' could be expected to perform. We report data obtained from within the entire body of 18K officers of the Berlin Police, who were invited to participate in an applied research study in April 2021. With this unique cohort, we report the first-ever validation of lab-based procedures for SR identification, using the only existing police tool involving authentic police material: the Berlin Test for Super-Recognizer Identification (beSure®). The results demonstrate that as a group SRs identified via lab procedures are more proficient in real-life, professionally relevant processing of facial identity. However, at the individual level lab procedures can be insufficiently sensitive toward identifying professionals with exceptional ability. Consequently, law enforcement is well advised to consider two main aspects. First, to use (existing) bespoke methods, such as beSure®, which were developed specifically by and for police agencies for SR identification. Second, to systematically document professional SR identification and deployment. This is not only crucial for the evaluation of SR deployment. It is a prerequisite for the development of a needed human-centered, technology-assisted approach to facial identity processing in law enforcement.
Implementation of PAI Learning Design in Developing Religious Tolerance in Public High Schools
Authors: Maarif Muhammad Anas , Muarofah Siti Lailatul , Sianipar Godlif , Hariyadi Ahmad , Kausar Shakila
Published: September 2023

This article aims to describe and analyze the urgency and implementation of PAI learning design in developing religious tolerance at SMA Negeri 1 Kedamean Gresik. The research method used in this article is qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the research are that there are 3 stages in the implementation of PAI learning design in developing religious tolerance at SMA Negeri 1 Kedamean, namely planning, implementation, and evaluation. This research can help increase students' understanding of other religions so that they are able to respect differences in beliefs. This research can provide learning experiences that can help students develop empathy towards individuals from various religious backgrounds. By understanding the values of tolerance, students can be better able to prevent religious discrimination in society. Religious tolerance education needs to be given to students as early as possible. Instilling openness of thought from an early age, and accepting differences based on the values of tolerance, will of course minimize attitudes of intolerance in students.
Single-cell analysis of 5-aminolevulinic acid intraoperative labeling specificity for glioblastoma
Authors: Liu Zhouzerui , Mela Angeliki , Argenziano Michael G. , Banu Matei A. , Furnari Julia , Kotidis Corina , Sperring Colin P. , Humala Nelson , Mahajan Aayushi , Bruce Jeffrey N. , Canoll Peter , Sims Peter A.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant primary brain tumor, and resection is a key part of the standard of care. In fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS), fluorophores differentiate tumor tissue from surrounding normal brain. The heme synthesis pathway converts 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), a fluorogenic substrate used for FGS, to fluorescent protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). The resulting fluorescence is believed to be specific to neoplastic glioma cells, but this specificity has not been examined at a single-cell level. The objective of this study was to determine the specificity with which 5-ALA labels the diversity of cell types in GBM.

METHODS

The authors performed single-cell optical phenotyping and expression sequencing–version 2 (SCOPE-seq2), a paired single-cell imaging and RNA sequencing method, of individual cells on human GBM surgical specimens with macroscopically visible PpIX fluorescence from patients who received 5-ALA prior to surgery. SCOPE-seq2 allowed the authors to simultaneously image PpIX fluorescence and unambiguously identify neoplastic cells from single-cell RNA sequencing. Experiments were also conducted in cell culture and co-culture models of glioma and in acute slice cultures from a mouse glioma model to investigate cell- and tissue-specific uptake and secretion of 5-ALA and PpIX.

RESULTS

SCOPE-seq2 analysis of human GBM surgical specimens revealed that 5-ALA treatment resulted in labeling that was not specific to neoplastic glioma cells. The cell culture further demonstrated that nonneoplastic cells could be labeled by 5-ALA directly or by PpIX secreted from surrounding neoplastic cells. Acute slice cultures from mouse glioma models showed that 5-ALA preferentially labeled GBM tumor tissue over nonneoplastic brain tissue with significant labeling in the tumor margins, and that this contrast was not due to blood-brain barrier disruption.

CONCLUSIONS

Together, these findings support the use of 5-ALA as an indicator of GBM tissue but question the main advantage of 5-ALA for specific intracellular labeling of neoplastic glioma cells in FGS. Further studies are needed to systematically compare the performance of 5-ALA to that of potential alternatives for FGS.
Intraventricular meningioma resection and visual outcomes
Authors: Andrews John P. , Cummins Daniel D. , Morshed Ramin A. , Kinde Benyam , Aghi Manish K. , McDermott Michael W. , Berger Mitchel S. , Theodosopoulos Philip V.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE

Intraventricular meningiomas (IVMs) of the lateral ventricle are rare tumors that present surgical challenges because of their deep location. Visual field deficits (VFDs) are one risk associated with these tumors and their treatment. VFDs may be present preoperatively due to the tumor and mass effect (tumor VFDs) or may develop postoperatively due to the surgical approach (surgical VFDs). This institutional series aimed to review surgical outcomes following resection of IVMs, with a focus on VFDs.

METHODS

Patients who received IVM resection at one academic institution between the years 1996 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) reconstructions of the optic radiations around the tumor were performed from preoperative IVM imaging. The VFD course and resolution were documented.

RESULTS

Thirty-two adult patients underwent IVM resection, with gross-total resection in 30 patients (93.8%). Preoperatively, tumor VFDs were present in 6 patients, resolving after surgery in 5 patients. Five other patients (without preoperative VFD) had new persistent surgical VFDs postoperatively (5/32, 15.6%) that persisted to the most recent follow-up. Of the 5 patients with persistent surgical VFDs, 4 received a transtemporal approach and 1 received a transparietal approach, and all these deficits occurred prior to regular use of DTI in preoperative imaging.

CONCLUSIONS

New surgical VFDs are a common neurological deficit after IVM resection. Preoperative DTI may demonstrate distortion of the optic radiations around the tumor, thus revealing safe operative corridors to prevent surgical VFDs.
Long-term oncological outcomes for endoscopic endonasal versus open surgical approaches for anatomically matched, locally advanced stage T4 sinonasal malignancies with skull base involvement
Authors: Schur Solon , Hanna Ehab Y. , Su Shirley Y. , Kupferman Michael E. , DeMonte Franco , Raza Shaan M.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE

Expanded endoscopic approaches (EEAs) are increasingly used for the definitive management of sinonasal malignancies. EEAs, in appropriately selected cases, provide similar oncological outcomes but are associated with lower complication rates compared with open surgical approaches. Selection bias is a limitation reported in previous studies comparing EEAs and open surgical approaches for the management of sinonasal malignancies. To address this issue, in this study the authors compared the long-term oncological outcomes of an anatomically matched cohort of patients with locally advanced sinonasal malignancies with skull base involvement (T4 stage). The specific objective of this study was to investigate the extent of resection (EOR), overall survival (OS), and disease progression between the EEA and open surgical cohorts.

METHODS

A cohort of 42 patients with locally advanced sinonasal malignancies and skull base involvement (stage T4) and operated on via an EEA was matched anatomically with a cohort of 54 patients who had undergone open surgery. A retrospective chart review was conducted on these 96 patients who were treated between September 1993 and June 2020. All patients in the cohort were eligible for either an EEA or open surgery according to anatomical criteria. Patients of all ages were included, and the minimum follow-up required for eligibility was 4 months. Patients were excluded if surgery was not offered for curative intent and preoperative imaging did not demonstrate that gross-total resection was achievable.

RESULTS

There were more complications in the conventional surgery cohort than in the EEA cohort (33.33% vs 14.29%, p = 0.033). There was no significant difference in the EOR between the EEA and conventional surgery cohorts, as demonstrated by comparable rates of positive margins in both groups (5.56% vs 2.38%, respectively). Disease progression (hazard ratio [HR] 0.47, 95% CI 0.17–1.27, p = 0.137) was lower and OS (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.26–1.29, p = 0.183) was higher in the EEA cohort, but these findings did not reach statistical significance.

CONCLUSIONS

The EEA was found to be associated with lower risks of complications than conventional craniofacial surgical approaches. There were no significant differences in OS and progression-free survival between the EEA and conventional surgical cohorts when comparing anatomically matched cohorts of patients with stage T4 sinonasal malignancies and skull base involvement.
Regression of periventricular anastomosis after indirect revascularization in pediatric patients with moyamoya disease
Authors: Zheng Elizabeth Yi , Hara Shoko , Inaji Motoki , Tanaka Yoji , Nariai Tadashi , Maehara Taketoshi
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether indirect revascularization in pediatric patients with moyamoya disease leads to periventricular anastomosis (PVA) regression, which is markedly developed in moyamoya vessels and is regarded as a risk factor for hemorrhage.

METHODS

Pediatric patients with moyamoya disease treated with indirect revascularization from 2011 to 2021 were included in this study. Magnetic resonance angiography and arterial spin labeling images acquired before and 1 year after surgery were assessed to obtain a visual scale of postoperative collateral artery formation, moyamoya vessels, PVA, and quantitative values of cerebral blood flow (CBF). The relationship between background information (age, sex, RNF213 p.R4810K variant status, and preoperative CBF) and postoperative collateral artery formation, as well as postoperative CBF improvement and regression of moyamoya vessels and PVA, was evaluated.

RESULTS

Of 89 hemispheres in 58 patients (34 females; mean [SD] patient age 8.0 [3.4] years), 74.2% showed good postoperative collateral artery formation and a significant increase in CBF (p < 0.001). Postoperative PVA showed significant regression (postoperative score 1.46 [1.06] vs 2.02 [1.69], p = 0.001), especially in those arising from choroidal arteries (postoperative score 0.28 [0.50] vs 0.72 [0.67], p < 0.001). Compared with hemispheres without good collateral artery formation, those with good collateral artery formation were more likely to show a higher increase in CBF (9.74 [12.44] ml/min/100 g vs −4.86 [9.68] ml/min/100 g, p < 0.001) and regression of PVA (54.5% [36/66] vs 30.4% [7/23], p = 0.015). Although not statistically significant, patients with postoperative PVA progression were younger than those with regression (6.75 [3.03] years vs 8.18 [3.17] years, p = 0.188), and patients with the RNF213 p.R4810K variant were more likely to show regression (28/57 [49.1%] hemispheres vs 5/13 [38.5%] hemispheres, p = 0.069).

CONCLUSIONS

Indirect revascularization in pediatric patients with moyamoya disease resulted in good collateral extracranial artery formation and an increase in CBF and PVA regression, especially of vessels arising from choroidal arteries. With good postoperative collateral artery development, patients were more likely to show improved CBF and regression of moyamoya vessels, including PVA. Whether postoperative PVA changes reduce future hemorrhage risk requires further investigation.
The effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in increasing students' cognitive outcomes and learning motivation in Environmental Change Material
Authors: Gusman Hardina Briliyani
Published: September 2023

The results of observations at SMA N 10 Semarang, teachers have tried to increase student motivation and learning outcomes by providing assignments and digital-based learning media but the there are still not optimal. The implementation of teacher learning still uses a lot of the conventional learning model. Students consider biology lessons to be just a collection of concepts that must be memorized. Students still do not associate much learning material with phenomena that exist in the surrounding environment. The effect is students are less motivated in learning the material. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Problem Based Learning model in improving cognitive outcomes and student motivation in environmental change material. The research method used in this research is pre-experimental one group pretest-postets. The population used in this study were all students of class X.10 SMA N 10 Semarang with a total of 37 students. The conclusion of the results of this study shows that the Problem Based Learning model has a high category of effectiveness in increasing cognitive outcomes and student learning motivation.
An Analysis of Frieze Patterns, Crystallographic Patterns and Philosophical Values on Subahnale Woven Motifs Sukarare Village
Authors: Fauzi Lalu Muhammad , Ahyan Shahibul , Supiyati Sri , Hayati Nila , Satriawan Rody
Published: September 2023

Budaya dengan keberagaman dan keunikan adat istiadat, kesenian dan kerajinannya, memberikan identitas bagi suatu daerah. Keunikan-keunikan budaya ini dapat dikaji untuk dijadikan sebagai bagian dari sumber belajar. Etnomatematika merupakan jembatan untuk mengeksplorasi matematika yang berkembang di masyarakat. Dengan demikian penelitian ini berupaya untuk menganalisis pola frieze, pola kristalografi dan nilai-nilai filosofis yang terdapat pada motif kain tenun subahnale Desa Sukarare. Metode yang digunakan dalam Penelitian ini adalah metode etnografi. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui observasi, studi pustaka, dan wawancara dengan praktisi budaya, tokoh adat, pengerajin kain tenun dan budayawan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motif (reragian) kain tenun subahnale terbentuk dengan perpaduan bentuk-bentuk geometri yakni garis, segi tiga, segi empat dan segi enam. Bentuk  geometri tersebut tersusun menggunakan model matematika yakni translasi, rotasi da refleksi. Adapun pola-pola yang terbentuk berupa 4 buah pola frieze yaitu pola 3, 4 ,6 dan 7. Selain itu terdapat juga pola Kristalografi yaitu pola p1, pm, dan p4m. Culture with its diversity and unique customs, arts and crafts, provides an identity for a region. This cultural uniqueness can be studied to be used as part of learning resources. Ethnomatematics is a bridge to explore mathematics that develops in society. Thus, this study seeks to analyze the frieze patterns, crystallographic patterns and philosophical values contained in the subahnale woven fabric motifs in Sukarare Village. The method used in this research is the ethnographic method. Research data were collected through observation, literature study, and interviews with cultural practitioners, traditional leaders, woven cloth craftsmen and humanists . The results showed that the motif (reragian) of the subahnale woven fabric was formed by a combination of geometric shapes namely lines, triangles, rectangles and hexagons. The geometric shapes are arranged using a mathematical model, namely translation, rotation and reflection. The patterns formed are 4 frieze patterns, namely patterns 3, 4, 6 and 7. In addition, there are also crystallographic patterns, namely patterns p1, pm, and p4m.
Student Anxiety Level When Going to College in the Mathematics Education Study Program with Mathematics Scores
Authors: Santoso Fransiskus Gatot Iman , Ariyanti Gregoria
Published: September 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat kecemasan pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika (PSPM) UKWMS ketika akan berkuliah di PSPM terhadap nilai matematika di STTB SMA/SMK. Jenis penelitian ini ialah penelitian deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa PSPM (Kampus Kota Madiun) UKWMS Angkatan Tahun 2022 sebanyak 7 mahasiswa. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode kuesioner. Kuesioner yang dibuat adalah kecemasan mahasiswa dalam menghadapi mata pelajaran matematika. Aspek kecemasan yang diteliti adalah aspek fisik, aspek mental, dan aspek perilaku. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini ialah statistik deskriptif karena data berupa angka-angka. Data ini berupa skor kecemasan mahasiswa dan nilai matematika di STTB SMA/SMK mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh rataan skor kecemasan mahasiswa ketika akan berkuliah di PSPM berdasarkan aspek fisik sebesar 42,43 (kriteria tingkat kecemasan sedang), aspek mental sebesar 42,29 (kriteria tingkat kecemasan sedang), dan aspek perilaku sebesar 39,43 (kriteria tingkat kecemasan rendah). Secara keseluruhan rataan skor kecemasan mahasiswa ketika akan berkuliah di PSPM sebesar 124,14 (kriteria tingkat kecemasan sedang). Sedangkan rataan nilai matematika mahasiswa di STTB SMA/SMK sebesar 84,91.The purpose of this study is to determine the description of the level of anxiety in students of the UKWMS Mathematics Education Study Program (PSPM) when going to study at PSPM on mathematics grades in the high school/vocational school STTB. This type of research is descriptive. The research subjects were 7 students of MESP (Madiun City Campus) WMSCU Class of 2022. The data collection method used in this research is the questionnaire method. The questionnaire made is student anxiety in facing math subject. The aspects of anxiety studied are physical aspects, mental aspects and behavioral aspects. The data analysis method in this research is descriptive statistics because the data is in the form of numbers. This data is in the form of student anxiety scores and math scores in the STTB SMA / SMK students. The results of this study obtained an average student anxiety score when going to college at PSPM based on physical aspects of 42.43 (moderate anxiety level criteria), mental aspects of 42.29 (moderate anxiety level criteria), and behavioral aspects of 39.43 (low anxiety level criteria). Overall, the average score of student anxiety when going to study at PSPM is 124.14 (moderate anxiety level criteria). Meanwhile, the average student's mathematics score at the high school/vocational school STTB is 84.91.
Hubungan kondisi lingkungan belajar di sekolah dan hasil belajar siswa
Authors: Ole Anita Amelia , Dipan Elsaday Geovanka
Published: September 2023

Abstract This research is a quantitative research that is descriptive and correlational. The research was conducted at SD Advent X Airmadidi with 65 respondents from class IV A and IV B students who were registered in the 2019/2020 school year. This study aims to find out whether there is a significant relationship between the conditions of the learning environment in schools and student learning outcomes in mathematics. This study has two variables, namely the condition of the learning environment at school as the dependent variable and student learning outcomes as the independent variable. The questionnaire used in this study was adapted from Arifin (2016). The mean score is used to find out the level of the condition of the learning environment in schools and the level of student learning outcomes. Pearson correlation is used to determine the relationship between the conditions of the learning environment in schools and student learning outcomes in mathematics. The results showed that the condition of the learning environment in schools was at a high level and student learning outcomes were at a good level. Furthermore, the results showed that there was a significant relationship between the conditions of the learning environment in schools and student learning outcomes. Abstrak Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat deskriptif dan korelasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SD Advent X Airmadidi dengan 65 responden siswa kelas IV A dan IV B yang terdaftar pada tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu apakah ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kondisi lingkungan belajar di sekolah dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini mempunyai dua variabel yaitu kondisi lingkungan belajar di sekolah sebagai variabel terikat dan hasil belajar siswa sebagai variabel bebas. Kuesioner yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diadaptasi dari Arifin (2016). Mean score digunakan untuk mencari tahu tingkat kondisi lingkungan belajar di sekolah dan tingkat hasil belajar siswa. Pearson correlation digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan kondisi lingkungan belajar di sekolah dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi lingkungan belajar di sekolah berada pada tingkat yang tinggi dan hasil belajar siswa berada pada tingkat yang baik. Selanjutnya, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kondisi lingkungan belajar di sekolah dan hasil belajar siswa.
Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa ditinjau dari self-confidence siswa pada materi bangun ruang sisi datar
Authors: Saputra Randi Junaedi , Sofyan Deddy , Mardiani Dian
Published: September 2023

Abstract One of the factors of failure in learning is the lack of students' mathematical problem-solving abilities. One of the factors that affect the ability to solve mathematical problems is self-confidence. The purpose of this study is to analyze mathematical problem-solving ability based on high self-confidence. This study uses a qualitative method, the population in this study is public junior high school students in the Malangbong sub-district. The sample was chosen by 4 students to be the subject of the interview. The instruments used are questionnaires, tests, and interview guidelines. The results obtained from this study, some students are not able to understand the problem of rectangular pyramids, most students are not able to understand the problem of rectangular blocks and pyramids, all students are not able to plan solutions, namely the formula for the perimeter of the pyramid, the formula for the length of the entire side of the beam, the formula for the surface area rectangular pyramid, and the formula for the area of the inner wall in the form of a block, all students were not able to plan using the formula for the perimeter of the pyramid, the formula for the length of the entire side of the beam, the formula for the surface area of a rectangular pyramid, and the formula for the area of the inner wall in the form of a block. Abstrak Salah satu faktor ketidak berhasilan dalam belajar yaitu kurangnya kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis yaitu self-confidence. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis berdasarkan self-confidence tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswa SMP Negeri yang berada di kecamatan malangbong. Sample dipilih 4 siswa untuk dijadikan subjek wawancara. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket, tes, dan pedoman wawancara. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini, sebagian siswa tidak mampu memahami masalah limas persegi empat, sebagian besar siswa tidak mampu memahami masalah balok dan limas persegi panjang, semua siswa tidak mampu merencanakan penyelesaian yakni rumus keliling limas, rumus panjang seluruh rusuk balok, rumus luas permukaan limas persegi panjang, dan rumus luas dinding bagian dalam berbentuk balok, semua siswa tidak mampu melakukan rencana dengan menggunakan rumus keliling limas, rumus panjang seluruh rusuk balok, rumus luas permukaan limas persegi panjang, dan rumus luas dinding bagian dalam berbentuk balok.
Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis ditinjau dari motivasi belajar siswa sekolah dasar
Authors: Robbani Ilham Ali , Sumartini Tina Sri
Published: September 2023

This research is motivated by the results of other studies which show that mathematical problem-solving abilities are in line with students' learning motivation. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in students' mathematical problem-solving abilities in terms of learning motivation. This study used a quantitative method with test instruments about problem solving abilities and student learning motivation questionnaires. As for the data processing by conducting instrument validity tests, normality tests, homogeneity tests, differentiating power tests and difficulty levels and finally conducting t tests or advanced tests. The population in this study were students at an elementary school in Garut Regency. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that, increasing student motivation will affect the increase in students' mathematical problem-solving abilities. This research has implications for previous research that motivation influences students' mathematical problem-solving abilities. So, it is hoped that the teacher in the class is able to increase student learning motivation.Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh hasil-hasil penelitian lainnya yang menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis sejalan dengan motivasi belajar siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa ditinjau dari motivasi belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan  instrumen tes soal kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan angket motivasi belajar siswa. Adapun proses pengolahan data dengan melakukan uji validitas instrumen, uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji daya pembeda dan tingkat kesukaran serta yang terakhir melakukan uji t atau uji lanjut. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa di salah satu SD di Kabupaten Garut. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa, Semakin meningkat motivasi belajar siswa akan mempengaruhi peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada penelitian sebelumnya bahwa motivasi mempengaruhi dari kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa.  Sehingga diharapkan guru di kelas mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa.
Faktor rendahnya minat belajar siswa kelas v sekolah dasar pada mata pelajaran matematika
Authors: Putri Wafiq Andriani
Published: September 2023

This article discusses the factor analysis of the low learning interest of fifth grade elementary school students in mathematics. Descriptive descriptive research method is the method used in this study. The purpose of the research was conducted to find out and find the factors of students' low interest in learning mathematics. Informants in the interview involved 10 students in 2 schools, namely 5 students from SDN 024 Tarai Bangun and 5 students from SDN 187 Pekanbaru. Interviews and analysis of student textbooks are a way for researchers to collect data. The findings from the interviews obtained information that students who had a low interest in learning mathematics were influenced by several factors including the study time was too long, students did not like mathematics, did not understand mathematical concepts, were disturbed by friends, the teacher only explains and students listen, the questions in the book package are still abstract and not in accordance with everyday life.Artikel ini membahas analisis faktor rendahnya minat belajar siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar pada mata pelajaran matematika. Metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif menjadi metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menemukan faktor rendahnya minat siswa pada pembelajaran matematika. Informan dalam wawancara melibatkan 10 siswa pada 2 sekolah yaitu 5 siswa dari SDN 024 Tarai Bangun dan 5 siswa dari SDN 187 Pekanbaru. Wawancara dan menganalisis buku paket siswa merupakan cara peneliti untuk mengumpulkan data. Temuan hasil dari wawancara, peneliti memperoleh informasi bahwa siswa yang memiliki minat belajar matematika rendah dipengaruhi beberapa faktor diantaranya waktu belajar yang terlalu lama, siswa tidak menyukai pelajaran matematika, tidak memahami konsep matematika, diganggu oleh teman-temannya, guru hanya menjelaskan dan siswa mendengarkan, soal-soal di buku paket masih abstrak dan tidak sesuai dengan kehidupan sehari-hari.
Analisis kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas vii smp dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita materi segitiga
Authors: Rohmah Ainur , Rosita Mita Dwi , Fatimah Ervina Reza , Wahyuni Indah
Published: September 2023

Critical thinking skills are very important in today's life, as other thinking skills develop, such as decision making and problem solving skills.This study aims to analyze the critical thinking skills of class VII students at SMPN 2 Kalisat in solving word problems on triangle material. Students' critical thinking skills are very important to help them solve problems and make the right decisions. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques using written tests and interviews. The research sample consisted of 6 students of class VII B at SMPN 2 Kalisat. The results showed that students' critical thinking skills in solving triangle story problems were still low. This shows the need for efforts to improve students' critical thinking skills through more active, creative and participatory learning. It is recommended for teachers to provide more exercises to students to improve their critical thinking skills in solving triangle story problems.Kemampuan berpikir kritis sangat penting dalam kehidupan saat ini, saat keterampilan berpikir lainnya berkembang, seperti pengambilan keputusan dan keterampilan memecahkan masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas VII di SMPN 2 Kalisat dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi segitiga. Kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sangat penting untuk membantu mereka dalam memecahkan masalah dan membuat keputusan yang tepat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes tulis dan wawancara. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 6 siswa kelas VII B di SMPN 2 Kalisat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita materi segitiga masih rendah. Hal ini menunjukkan perlunya upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa melalui pembelajaran yang lebih aktif, kreatif, dan partisipatif. Disarankan bagi guru untuk memberikan latihan-latihan yang lebih banyak kepada siswa untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis mereka dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita materi segitiga.
Serovalue of hydatid disease in Baghdad
Authors: Abdul Rasool Yousif A. , AL-Taie Lazem H. , Husain Haider A.
Published: September 2023

Background: Echinococcus granulosus is a one major species of medical and public health importance which causes cystic echinococcosis.Hydatid disease is able to modulate antiparasite immune responses, persist and flourish in humans.Objective: The main objective of this study is to diagnostic value for hydatidosis and to identify the prevalence in human in two different areas of Baghdad city which include urban and rural areas. Evaluating hydatid fluid antigen and hydatid cyst wall antigen for diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis(CE). preparation ELISA kit for detecting specific antibodies in patients and relative sera is considered as an important step in determining the recurrent case after surgical operation. Patients and Methods: Fifty patients infected with hydatidosis , One-hundred and seven relatives’ patients and Thirty patients’ follow-up. NAJAT-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and NAJAT-latex test for the Immunodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis of human hydatid disease by detecting the specific antibodies in patients.Results: hydatidosis in females was the same as in the males. One-hundred and seven relatives’ patients. In rural area the seroprevalence were 12 male cases and 4 female cases ,While in urban area 5male cases,5 female cases,respectively. Thirty patients’ follow-up four patients developed recurrences at 3-7 months postoperatively.Conclusion: In relatives’ patients no statistically significant differences in the frequency between both sexes. But a highly statistically significant differences (p=0.05) were shown between hydatidosis infected persons in relation to area(urban area,rural area). There were no significant differences in the rates seropositive case for different occupations(p=0.05). NAJAT-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and NAJAT-latex test appeared to be a useful confirmatory tests with specific antigens represent good candidates for the Immunodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis of human hydatid disease by detecting the specific antibodies in patients.
Experimental trajectories in Euclidean and hyperbolic geometry
Authors:   Department of Physical Electronics Masaryk University, 611   37 Brno, Czech Republic, Pardy Miroslav
Published: September 2023

The Euler tetrahedron volume formula is used to define dimensionality of space and the Euclidean straight line and area. The double disk modul (DDM) is used to define trajectories on the metrical surfaces. The geodetical paths on the planet Mars can be realized by the Mars double disk modul (MDDM). The relations of generalized Lobacevskii geometry are derived and related to the Einstein equations. It is considered spherical and pseudospherical geometry, Riemann geometry, Lobacevskii and generalized Lobacevskii geometry, Poincare model, Beltrami model, gravity as deformation of space and Schwinger theory of gravity.
Organized Transnational Crime and Combating Crimes in the Field of Information Technologies (Past and Present)
Authors:   Kyiv National   Economic University, Kiev, Ukraine, Pavlovska Nataliia , Patyk Lesia ,   National   Academy of Internal Affairs, Kiev, Ukraine, Erhard Nataliia ,   Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical Law of the Bogomolets National Medical   University, Lawyer, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kofanov Andrii ,   Department of Forensic Support and Forensic Expertise of the National Academy of   Internal Affairs, Kiev, Ukraine, Kobylianskyi Oleg ,   Department of Civil and criminal law of the State University of Infrastructure and   Technologies, Kiev, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the issue of criminal law aspects of organized crime. The author's vision of the foundations of the concept of organizational and tactical elements of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is presented. Recommendations on prevention and counteraction of transnational computer crimes are provided.
HAMPTON COURT PALACE AND 'ANNE OF THE THOUSAND DAYS'
Authors:   Dragomanov Ukrainian State University, Kyiv,   Ukraine, Pet’ko Lyudmila
Published: September 2023

This year marks the 500th anniversary of the coronation of Anne Boleyn as Queen of England , on 1 June 1533. In Tudor history, 7th September 1533, Queen Anne Boleyn, second wife of King Henry VIII, gave birth to Queen Elizabeth I. And this year marks the 500th anniversary of Elizabeth I’s birth. In 2022, on the March 4 marked 500 years to the day of Anne’s first recorded appearance at the English court in 1522. On September 1, 1532, Henry VIII had taken an unprecedented step: He had elevated a woman into England’s hereditary nobility. It was both a gift of love and compensation for enduring years of frustration while Henry tried to put an end to his marriage to Catherine of Aragon. The article devoted to Hampton Court Palace and Anne Boleyn the Queen of England from 1533 to 1536 as the second wife of King Henrich VIII. Anne Boleyn is called 'Anne of the Thousand Days' because Henrich VIII replaced her after roughly three years. Anne who waited seven years to marry the King was dismissed and disgraced within a third of that time. Despite ruling for just three years during the Tudor dynasty, Anne Boleyn is one of the most famous queens in British History. She played a major role in the English Reformation along with Henry VIII. The author presents the events of Tudor history before Anne Boleyn’s coronation, which will be described in the next article.
Formation of Moral and Patriotic Feelings in Pre-School Children
Authors:   Department of Preschool Education, Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, Kryvyi   Rih, Ukraine, Tronko Svetlana
Published: September 2023

The actual problem of education is the moral and patriotic upbringing of the child was aimed at the formation of: value orientations, interests and needs, and a moral position. After all, at an early age, the foundations of the moral development of the individual are laid, and ideas, feelings, and habits are also developed, which direct its further improvement in the future life. In our country, the structure of education is focused primarily on the personality of the child and on the importance of creating the right conditions for his development. To date, the most important task of today's pedagogy is the formation of a highly moral personality through the education of moral feelings. The multifacetedness and significance of education and the instillation of these feelings in the formation of a child's personality caused close attention to research that is relevant in our modern time. In modern society, there is a discrepancy between the construction of the educational process within the framework of the implementation of the requirements of the educational program of the preschool education institution on moral and patriotic education and the insufficient methodological development of the problem of forming moral foundations and patriotic ideas in the personality of the preschool child. Therefore, gaps appear in the child's development, which are very difficult to compensate for at the next stages of education and upbringing. Accordingly, the article analyzes the approaches to understanding the concepts of "Morality" and "Patriotism" as one whole component and each concept separately in scientific and psychological and pedagogical literature. The content of the concept we are researching with its purpose and content is indicated and scientifically substantiated, the characteristic features of the formation of moral and patriotic feelings are highlighted, and their content is outlined as a key link in the field of education and training. The legal framework was considered. The specified features of the age we are studying and its characteristic nuances and characteristics. The concept of "moral and patriotic feelings" was considered through the prism of the three-dimensional model "Educator-ParentChildren" as a component of the studied category. The main problems and gaps in the educator's work are explained on the basis of the conducted research, which was substantiated and recorded in our article. Relevant methodical recommendations for parents and educators are provided. Our assumptions have been confirmed and recorded that the process of forming moral ideas should be complex, be present in all activities of preschoolers, and be carried out in specially organized classes. The prospects for further research into the issues that were recorded in our research and led to the writing of the article are outlined.
Contemporary Sculptors of Kharkiv
Authors:   Department of Fine Arts at H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National   Pedagogical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Lipchanskaya Yulia , Azarkina Marina ,   Department of Fine Arts at H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical   University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

Based on the analysis of scientific literature and based on their own experience, the authors of the article pay attention to specific features of Kharkiv sculpture as an important cultural center. In the article the authors aimed to familiarize readers with modern sculptors with their works both in classical and more avant-garde manner, with the influence of sculpture on the formation of the specifics of the urban environment, to create a beautiful attractive and unique image of the city. The work is addressed to scholars, employees of the system of higher artistic and pedagogical education, and students.
The Relationship between Arm Muscle Strength and Hand-Eye Coordination on Underpassing Skills in Volleyball Extracurricular Students at SMK Taruna Satria Pekanbaru
Authors: Santy Santy , Daharis Daharis
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between arm muscle strength and hand-eye coordination on the underhand passing skills of volleyball extracurricular female students at SMK Taruna Satria Pekanbaru. The type of research is correlation. The population and sample in this study were 14 extracurricular students at SMK Taruna Satria Pekanbaru. The research instruments used were arm muscle strength tests, hand eye coordination tests and underhand passing tests. The data analysis technique used is the correlation value test. Based on the results of research that has been conducted at SMK Taruna Satria Pekanbaru, in this case the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) There is a contribution of arm muscle strength to the results of lower passing in volleyball extracurricular students at SMK Taruna Satria Pekanbaru with a contribution amount of 0.224 with Low category. (2) There is a contribution of hand-eye coordination to the results of underhand passing in volleyball extracurricular students at SMK Taruna Satria Pekanbaru with a contribution amount of 0.180 in the Very Low category. (3) There is a contribution of arm muscle strength and eye-hand coordination to the results of underhand passing in volleyball extracurricular students at Taruna Satria Pekanbaru Vocational School with a contribution amount of 0.300 in the Low category and a percentage of 9%.