bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P‐61: WITHDRAWN: P‐62: Brightness and Contrast Improvement of Display Panel by Using Antireflection Films Nanoimprinted by Density‐Graded Nanoporous Silicon
Authors: Ho Yu‐Hsuan , Tsai Ming‐Chih , Peng Kai‐Yu , Ting Kuan‐Han , Tian Wei‐Cheng , Wei Pei‐Kuen
Published: July 2014

We present a convenient and low‐cost method to fabricate large‐area polycarbonate AR nanostructures to improve the luminous intensity and image clarity of a commercial 2.0‐inch OLED display panel in bright condition. The polycarbonate AR nanostructures were nanoimprinted by the graded‐density nanoporous silicon template with nanoparticle‐catalyzed etching. After attaching on the display panel to reduce the light reflection on the substrate, the brightness enhancement and decrease of ambient light reflection were observed. Due to the enhancement of contrast ratio, the quality index of the Lena image test was improved from 0.85 to 0.92 under strong ambient illumination.
P‐65: Study on Resin as Passivation Layer of Retina Display for Mobile Phone Screen
Authors: Yan Changjiang , Xie Zhenyu , Guo Jian , Wang Wei , Min TaeYup , Su Shunkang , Lu Kai , Zhang Jiaxiang , Li Tiansheng , Xu Shaoying , Zhang Wenyu , Tian Zongmin , Li Jing , Kun Liu
Published: July 2014

The Si‐C resin layer has lower dielectric constant, better optical transparency, and can be spin coated as a flat surface film easily. By using Si‐C resin as passivation layer, we investigated the etching characteristics of resin thin films in SF6/O2/He plasma, and found the variable thickness of channel protection layers have a play role in a‐Si:H TFT characteristic. We also success in prototyping a high definition LCD panel, retina display as 326 pixels per inch, which can be improved the RC delay of signal effectively and decreased nearly 40% in the logic power consumption compare to the existing panel with only SiNx passivation layer.
P‐66: The Mechanical Properties of Aluminosilicate Glass with Chemical Strengthening
Authors: Chang Kuo‐Chou , Tung Li‐Ting , Liu Yu‐Chen
Published: July 2014

The stress of chemical strengthened glass was tested by ring‐on‐ring and Vickers hardness test. Glass with high compressive stress could be shown the high biaxial stress. The Vickers hardness only depended on depth of layer.
P‐67: Research on Thermal Mura in Edge‐Type LCD Module and Improvement by Heat Sink Design
Authors: Hsiao Ken , Lv Cheng‐Ling , Tang Guo‐Fu , Chen Shih‐Hsiang , Zhang Pang‐Ling ,   Supported by Guangdong Innovative Research Team Program (No.2011D079)
Published: July 2014

This paper provides a way to quantify thermal mura by heat stress on panel using thermal and structure coupling simulation method. Meanwhile, we use this method to investigate the influence of heat sink width and propose its critical value under different power density, which is meaningful to module design.
P‐68: Analysis of Movable Mura and Improvement in LCD Cells
Authors: Hsiao Ken , Tang Guo‐Fu , Chen Shih‐Hsiang , Lv Cheng‐Ling , Zhang Pang‐Ling , Lo Sheen , Chang Robert ,   Supported by Guangdong Innovative Research Team Program (No.2011D079)
Published: July 2014

The mechanism of movable mura in large‐sized LCD is investigated. The shift between TFT and CF glasses shown in experiment is well explained by the proposed simulation method. These results suggest the design criteria of black matrix margin in LCD cells for which movable mura could be restrained or eliminated.
P‐177L:Late‐News Poster: Development of High Strength Chemically Strengthened Glass
Authors: Kawamoto Kosuke , Murata Takashi , Miwa Shinkichi , Ohji Masahiko , Yamazaki Hiroki
Published: July 2014

Newly developed chemically strengthened glass, T2X‐1, is demonstrated. T2X‐1 has high strength and excellent ion‐exchange properties. Fracture strength of T2X‐1 is 20% higher than conventional Alumino‐silicate glass (CX‐01). T2X‐1 has twice as fast ion‐exchange speed and durable compressive stress against four times more Na+contamination in molten KNO3than conventional Alumino‐silicate glass (CX‐01).
P‐70: Multilayer Silicon and Silicon Oxide Subwavelength Grating as a Reflective Polarizer in Visible Region
Authors: Pan Su , Kwok Hoi‐Sing
Published: July 2014

We proposed a novel visible polarizer based on multilayer silicon and silicon oxide alternative subwavelength grating and its optical characteristic is numerically investigated by finite difference time domain method. The reflectance of TE mode and transmission of TM mode are above 90% with extinction ratio up to 103. Moreover, the proposed polarizer also has wide angular field and large fabrication tolerance.
P‐71: Simulation and Experimental Study on Light Leakage in ADS Mode LCDs
Authors: Yang Yafeng , Kiman Kim , Qin Guangkui , Suzuki Teruaki , Yao Jikai , You Jaegeon
Published: July 2014

In this paper, we discuss about the light leakage mechanism in the dark state of ADS mode LCDs. Based on the stress‐optic law, we analyzed the phenomenon through several experiments and simulations. We have concluded that the main reason of the light leakage is the combined effect of the retardations from the stressed glass and the liquid crystal layer.
P‐74: Adaptable Light Beaming and Shaping with Lens Array
Authors: Wang Jieyu , Zhang Yuning , Li Xiaohua
Published: July 2014

A light configuration with adjustable light beaming and shaping is proposed based on integral imaging. The system is composed of a LED matrix and a lens array. It accomplishes a real‐time control of the light beaming and shaping in electrical way without the complex mechanical structure currently used in the traditional spot control system.
P‐87: All Solution Processable of Color Tunable Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Chen Jing , Lei Wei , Li Zhi , Pan Jiangyong , Li Qing , Xia Jun , Tu Yan
Published: July 2014

In this paper, we report on the fabrication of color tunable quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QD‐LED) using a hybrid ZnO@TiO2 as electron injection layer and ZnCdSeS QD as emitters. The color can be varied from yellow to white, and then blue during the applied voltage changing from 0 to 15 V.
P‐88: All‐Inorganic Quantum‐Dot Light‐Emitting Devices Prepared by Solution‐Process Route
Authors: Li Zhi , Qasim Khan , Chen Jing , Lei Wei , Pan Jiangyong , Li Qing , Xia Jun , Tu Yan
Published: July 2014

We have fabricated all‐inorganic quantum‐dot light‐emitting devices(QDLED) with NiO as a hole transporting layer and TiO2 as a inorganic electron transporting layer. P‐type NiO and n‐type TiO2 charge‐transport layers were synthesized by sol‐gel method using spin‐coating technique. The thickness of TiO2 layer was optimized with different spin‐coating speed, and studied the luminescence characteristics of devices. Results indicated devices with 4000 rpm TiO2 layer has lower turn voltage 4.2V and higher EL intensity.
P‐179L: Late‐News Poster: Chemical Stability Enhancement of K2SiF6:Mn4+ by Metal (Oxide) Coating
Authors: Deressa Gemechu , Jeong Hyoungseak , Park Seongwoo , Lim Seokgyu , Lee Changyup , Kim Hyunjong , Kim Jongsu
Published: July 2014

The K2SiF6:Mn4+ phosphor was synthesized by a redox reaction from SiO2 [1]. Under the 450 nm excitation, K2SiF6:Mn4+ show a narrow deep‐red emitting around 633 nm which attributed to the 2Eg to 4A2g transition of Mn4+ ion with the half width of 8 ‐10 nm. The particle size was approximately 8 μm. We obtained single phase of cubic structure with a space group of Fm‐3m (225) which agree with XRD pattern of JCPDS # 85‐1382. In the temperature dependence of emission spectra, emission intensity decrease to around 60 % (80%@200°C YAG) of that at room temperature is about 175°C. The chemical stability of the phosphors was improved by coating the phosphor with target metal oxide. These phosphors can be efficiently excited by the blue light‐emitting InGaN diode and provides a high color rendering property with green or yellow phosphors. It will be useful as a red phosphor for white‐light‐emitting diode.
P‐90: Advancing Behavior of Fluids over Patterned Hydrophobic Surface for Electrowetting Displays
Authors: Wu Jun , Yang Lei , Xia Jun , Lei Wei , Wang Baoping
Published: July 2014

The advancing behavior of triple‐phase‐contact line of fluid over patterned hydrophobic surface is studied by simulation. A superhydrophobic surface is found useful to increase the advancing velocity, which is potentially useful in electrowetting display to increase the performance of dynamic display.
P‐92: Encapsulation Adhesive Possessing High Water Barrier and Low Corrosive Properties for Flexible Electronic Device
Authors: Naganawa Satoshi , Nishijima Kenta , Hagihara Yoshiaki , Suzuki Yuta , Nagamoto Koichi , Kondo Takeshi
Published: July 2014

An encapsulation material based on a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) with a high water barrier and a low corrosive properties is presented. The reproducible water vapor transmission rate is less than 5.0 g·m−2·day−1 under 40°C, 90% RH condition. A calcium reaction velocity and an electrochemical migration of a copper electrode were evaluated by direct encapsulation of the test devices. This PSA possesses excellent encapsulation and electric insulation properties. It is expected as one of the most prospective materials as the direct encapsulation adhesive for the flexible electronic device.
P‐94: Ultra‐thin Graphene Oxide/Polymer Multi‐Layer Encapsulation for Flexible OLED Displays
Authors: Lee Wha‐Yong , Yang Seung‐Yeol , Jeon Jin‐Nam , Cho Young Jae , Kwon Yongwoo , Kim Yong‐Seog
Published: July 2014

Ultra‐thin flexible encapsulation layer consists of graphene oxide/polymeric multilayer were prepared using layer‐by‐layer processing method. The encapsulation layer on a PET substrate reduced the substrate WVTR by more than five orders of magnitude.
P‐98: Autostereoscopic 2‐D/3‐D Switchable Display Using Liquid Crystal Lenticular Lens
Authors: Liao Qiao‐Sheng , Yang Chih‐Ming , Wei Qi , Lee Chia‐Yu , Luo Chang‐Cheng , Lien Alan
Published: July 2014

An autostereoscopic 2‐D/3‐D switchable display using Liquid‐crystal‐lenticular (LCL) lens was fabricated. Two LC orientation modes, VM mode and PM mode, were employed respectively. The characters of the two modes were analyzed with the measured neff profile and focusing property. Based on the measured results, PM mode was laminated on 32inch 4K2K (3840times2160) panel, and the luminance distribution was measured.
P‐100: A Polymer Lens Embedded 2D/3D Switchable Display with Dramatically Reduced Crosstalk
Authors: Zhu Ruidong , Xu Su , Hong Qi , Wu Shin‐Tson , Lee Chiayu , Yang Chih‐Ming , Luo Chang‐Cheng , Lien Alan
Published: July 2014

We demonstrate a twist‐nematic liquid crystal cell integrated with a polymeric micro lens array. The device has the advantage of fast response time and low operating voltage. The lens is inserted into a Ultra High Definition (UHD) 2D/3D switchable display, after analyzing the crosstalk of the system, the double lens structure is proposed, which is proved to be highly efficient in reducing the crosstalk.
P‐101: Liquid Crystal Fresnel Zone Lens Based on Single‐Side Patterned Photoalignment Layer
Authors: Wang Xiaoqian , Srivastava Abhishek K. , Chigrinov Vladimir G. , Kwok Hoi‐Sing
Published: July 2014

In this article we disclose a method to fabricate liquid crystals (LC) Fresnel zone lens (FZL) with high efficiency. The LCFZL based on patterned planar aligned regions has been prepared by means of two‐step photoalignment technique. The proposed binary‐phase LCFZL manifests 39% diffraction efficiency at the focal point which is close to the theoretical limit 41%. Moreover, because of lower driving voltage and faster response time these elements could find application in many modern devices such as 2D/3D switchable display, see‐through display and etc.
P‐106: Pretilt Angles and Liquid‐Crystal Director‐Deformation Profiles of Inverse Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Cells
Authors: Wang Sheng‐Ya , Lin Chia‐Yi , Yang Kei‐Hsiung
Published: July 2014

We have developed a simple optical method and analyzed data by extended Jones matrix method to obtain pretilt angles of invesed twist nematic (ITN) and tilted homeotropic liquid crystal (LC) cells. We have compared the measured pretilt angles of the ITN cell with those of an accompanying tilted homeotropic (ATH) cell. The results showed increasing discrepancies between them with increasing rubbing depth for LC alignments. However, these discrepancies could be explained by assuming that the surface‐LC tilt angle of the ITN cell was equal to the measured pretilt angle of the ATH cell to generate a LC director‐deformation profile within the ITN cell based on Oseen‐Frank elastic continuum theory with infinite anchoring energy. The average of the LC tilt angles over this profile was equivalent to the measured pretilt angle of the ITN cell.
P‐108: WITHDRAWN: P‐109: Distinguished Student Poster: Diluter Effects on Large Dielectric Anisotropy Blue Phase Liquid Crystals
Authors: Chen Yuan , Yan Jin , Schadt Martin , Liu Shih‐Hsien , Cheng Kung‐Lung , Shiu Jyh‐Wen , Wu Shin‐Tson
Published: July 2014

We have investigated diluter effects on the Debye relaxation frequency, and electro‐optics of polymer‐stabilized blue phase liquid crystals (BPLC). The relaxation frequency can be increased by adding a small amount of diluters, which benefits high frequency operation of BPLC. Some diluters significantly decrease the BPLC response time while maintaining similar Kerr constant.
P‐113: Photoalignment Technology for High Performance IPS‐LCDs: IPS‐NEO Technology
Authors: Kunimatsu Noboru , Sonoda Hidehiro , Hyodo Yosuke , Tomioka Yasushi
Published: July 2014

We have developed our original photoalignment technology, IPS‐NEO, which improves azimuthal anchoring strength to a level equivalent to that of rubbing, and reduces photoirradiation energy to a level required for mass production. We have also clarified that the anchoring strength of IPS‐NEO does not depend on the unevenness of the surface of the substrates, nor does it depend on the bias angle between the alignment axis and the direction of the electrodes. With this technology, we realized practical application of photoalignment for high performance IPS‐LCDs.
P‐117: Investigation on Movement of Ions in the Fringe Field Switching Mode Depending on Resistivity of Alignment Layer and Dielectric Anisotropic Sign of Liquid Crystal
Authors: Kim DaeHyung , Kim Da Eun , Lee Jun Hee , Song Ki Hoon , Ahn Seon Hong , Lee SeungHee
Published: July 2014

Ion movement in liquid crystal displays plays crucial role in residual dc associated with image sticking. This paper investigatesadsorption and desorption of ions at interfaces between liquid crystal and alignment layer depending on resistivity of alignment layer and sign of dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal in thefringe field switching (FFS) liquid crystal cell. Our studies show that the resistivity of alignment layer mainly determines ion movement such that the one with lower resistivity shows faster absorption and desorption at the interface than that of the one with higher resistivity.
P‐180L: Late‐News Poster: Achromatic Polarizer Using Novel Dichromatic Dye for Low‐Power Display Applications
Authors: Mochizuki Noriaki , Ishinabe Takahiro , Fujiwara Daichi , Nakamura Daisuke , Koma Norio , Fujikake Hideo
Published: July 2014

We have developed an achromatic polarizer using novel dichroic pigments. We established a method to control the light absorption, dichroic ratio, and alignment direction of pigments and successfully developed a low power monochrome‐type reflective liquid crystal display with high reflectivity, paper white and motion picture capability.
P‐121: Electro‐Optical Properties of Inverse Twisted Nematic Cells with Different Pretilt Angles
Authors: Lin Chia‐Yi , Wang Sheng‐Ya , Yang Kei‐Hsiung
Published: July 2014

In general, the optical properties of any general twisted nematic cells consist of two complementary effects: LC‐birefringent and LC‐director‐twist effects. In this paper, electro‐optical properties of ITN cells without chiral dopants with different pretilt angles have been investigated for the first time to differentiate the LC‐birefringent effect from the LC‐twist effect. We have investigated transient responses of the ITN cell and found that the optical‐bounce (LC backflow) effect of the ITN cell occurred in the transition from homeotropic‐to‐planar states under high applied voltages where the LC‐twist‐effect dominated. We have also explained the superiority of high contrast ratio of the ITN cell over the tilted homeotropic cell with same pretilt angle due to mutual compensation between two surface‐LC layers adjacent to ITN‐cell substrates in quiescent state.
P‐123: Oblique Light Incidence onto Hybrid Aligned Nematic (HAN) Cells for Optical Compensators
Authors: Belyaev Victor V. , Solomatin Alexey S. , Kurilov Alexander D. , Chausov Denis N. , Mazaeva Vera G. , Shoshin Vadim M. , Bobylev Yuri P.
Published: July 2014

Design and fabrication methods of HAN cells with arbitrary LC pretilt angle value are described. Phase retardation △Φ values for the hybrid LC vs. the LC pretilt angles θ0(1), θ0(2) on the opposite cell's substrates are calculated for arbitrary light incidence angle. LC director configuration is suggested for its application in optical compensators. LC pretilt angle value is measured in the HAN cells with given planar or vertical LC alignment on one of the substrates.
P‐124: Submillisecond‐Response Polymer Network Liquid Crystal for Next‐Generation Spatial Light Modulators
Authors: Sun Jie , Wu Shin‐Tson , Haseba Yasuhiro
Published: July 2014

We report a scattering‐free polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) for spatial light modulator (SLM) applications. In reflective mode, the PNLC exhibits V2π~23V at λ=514 nm and 250 μs response time at room temperature. This enables PNLC to be integrated in a high resolution liquid‐crystal‐on‐silicon device for next‐generation SLM applications.
P‐128: Improved Picture Quality on Analog Dual‐Data Type Multi‐Domain Polymer Sustained Alignment LCD Technology
Authors: Tien Kun‐Cheng , Chung Jen‐Yang , Liao Chien‐Huang , Gong Shin‐Mei , Hsu Wen‐Hao , Su Jenn‐Jia
Published: July 2014

The conventional analog dual‐data type pixel has the same voltage relation for RGB sub‐pixels, which induces yellowish color shift. Therefore, a new approach to create individual RGB sub‐pixel voltage relations was proposed. By the optimized individual RGB sub‐pixel design, we improve color‐washout without suffering yellowish color‐shift effect.
P‐133: Implementation of Colorful Active‐Matrix TFT Transparent Display by Cholesteric Liquid Crystal
Authors: Chien‐Hua Chen , Ji‐Nian Lin , Chun‐Wei Su
Published: July 2014

In this paper, we reported about 11.4 inch colorful transparent display in new Cholesteric Liquid Crystal (CLC) that can achieve lower operating voltage and good contrast ratio for bistable mode application. Finally, we also used the new CLC materials applied in 11.4 inch colorful reflective display.
P‐134: A Spatial Light Modulator with a Two‐Dimensional Array of Liquid Crystal Bubbles
Authors: Varanytsia Andrii , Chien Liang‐Chy
Published: July 2014

A spatial light modulator (SLM) modulates one of the properties (amplitude, phase, polarization) of an optical wavefront that may be electrical, optical or pressure sensitive. This SLM is formed via surface‐assisted assembly of a two‐dimensional array cholesteric liquid crystal bubbles in an electro‐optical cell. This SLM device serves as an input transducer enabling active or bistable processing operations to control of light transmission or scattering. This finding will be useful for optical display and touch applications.
P‐184L: Late‐News Poster: An Effective Way to Achieve Full Color Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Displays with Single Liquid Crystal Mixture and Layer
Authors: Jin Yan , Hong Zhe , Lee Burm‐Young , Kim Kyoung‐Sun , Lee Changwoo , Rol Heeyuel , Kim Jooho , Kwon Soon‐Bum
Published: July 2014

An effective way to achieve flexible color cholesteric LCD with single LC mixture and layer was proposed. The 1st‐step for polymer wall formation and 2nd‐step for color rendering were independently carried out without the interference of UV reaction using proper band‐pass filer. This display has good color performance and mechanical stability, so that it would be a substantive solution for color flexible displays.
P‐140: Hybrid Analog‐Digital Driving Method for High Definition AMOLED
Authors: Chen Shuming , Sun Xiaowei , Kwok Hoi‐Sing
Published: July 2014

A hybrid analog‐digital driving method has been proposed for driving the AMOLED. A frame has been divided into N subframes corresponding to the N bit image data. Each subframe is binary weighted by either the duration or the pixel “on” luminance. The pixel “on” luminance is controlled by the voltage level of the common cathode of the OLED (Vcom). By changing the amplitude of Vcom, the “on” luminance can be binary varied. The proposed driving scheme can be applied to a 4K or even 8K UHD AMOLED with 8‐bit gray level.
P‐141: WITHDRAWN: P‐142: Highly Efficient Inverted Phosphorescence OLEDs Based on Ultrathin Emitting Layer
Authors: Liu Jun , Wu Xinkai , Shi Xingdong , Wang Jing , Huang Saijun , Chen Chaoping , Lu Jiangang , Su Yikai , He Gufeng
Published: July 2014

In this paper, we present highly efficient inverted phosphorescence organic light‐emitting diodes (PhOLEDs) based on ultrathin emitting layers (EML). By introducing 1.5 nm EML with co‐host, the inverted PhOLED exhibits external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 31.1%. Besides, a multilayer mCP/MoO3/Al/Cs2CO3 works well as charge generation unit (CGU) for tandem inverted PhOLED with 0.5 nm EML.
P‐143: Realization of High Efficiency Green Phosphorescent Top‐emitting Organic Light‐emitting Diodes by Employing Ultrathin Non‐doped Emissive Layer
Authors: Shi Xindong , Wang Jing , Liu Jun , Huang Saijun , Wu Xinkai , Lu Jiangang , Chen Chaoping , Su Yikai , He Gufeng , Kim Woo Young
Published: July 2014

Green phosphorescent top‐emitting organic light‐emitting diodes (TOLEDs) based on a single ultrathin non‐doped emissive layer (EML) are investigated for utilizing the cavity standing wave effect to enhance device performance. Furthermore, double ultrathin non‐doped EMLs separated by a bi‐layer structure is introduced to balance charges and further improve the efficiency.
P‐147: Highly Conductive PEDOT:PSS Patterning through Conventional Photolithography using a Silver Interlayer and its application in ITO‐free OLEDs
Authors: Ouyang Shihong , Xie Yingtao , Shi Qiang , Cai Shucheng , Zhu Dalong , Xu Xin , Wang Dongping , Tan Te , Fong Hon Hang
Published: July 2014

PEDOT:PSS is a robust conductive polymer which is promising in future flexible applications. In order to integrate PEDOT:PSS into various devices, we introduce a simple patterning scheme for PEDOT:PSS. By using a silver interlayer, conventional photolithographic processes can be used. High resolution patterns and ITO‐free OLEDs are demonstrated.
P‐151: Optical Efficiency Enhancement of Organic Light‐Emitting Diode Based on a Nano‐Sized Stripe Auxiliary Electrode
Authors: Shim Yong Sub , Hwang Ju Hyun , Lee Hyun Jun , Choi Kyung Bok , Kim Kyu Nyun , Park Cheol Hwee , Jung Sun‐Gyu , Park Young Wook , Ju Byeong‐Kwon
Published: July 2014

We fabricated the organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) having enhanced optical efficiency with nano‐sized stripe auxiliary electrode. It could supplement the shortcomings of micro‐sized that while maintaining the high optical advantages. We can simply deal with the parameters of nano‐sized auxiliary electrode by conjugating the conditions of laser interference lithography (LIL). The demonstrated process can be also easily acceptable to mass production of the large area OLEDs applications.
P‐153: Tunable Deep‐Blue Emissive Materials for Highly Efficient OLED Display and Lighting Applications
Authors: Balaganesan Banumathy , Huang Heh‐Lung , Chiang Kun‐Feng , Hsu Po‐Wei , Xie Buo‐Wei
Published: July 2014

Two new deep‐blue dopants BD1 and BD2 with a wide singlet energy gap about 2.8eV were designed and developed and their electroluminescent devices exhibited saturated color with CIEy=0.05‐0.09 with an EQE of about 4%, with a low driving voltage 4.24V. BD2 doped devices showed a longer lifetime stability of (T70) 2934h at an initial luminance of 500 nits, with a deep‐blue emission having a CIE y~0.073.
P‐154: Fabrication of 8‐Inch VGA Flexible Display Using Air‐Stable Inverted OLED
Authors: Fukagawa Hirohiko , Morii Katsuyuki , Hasegawa Munehiro , Nakajima Yoshiki , Takei Tatsuya , Motomura Genichi , Tsuji Hiroshi , Nakata Mitsuru , Fujisaki Yoshihide , Shimizu Takahisa , Yamamoto Toshihiro
Published: July 2014

We describe the development of an air‐stable OLED and its application to a flexible display. The air‐stable OLED is realized by employing a suitable electron injection layer. Dark spot formation is not observed after 250 days in the OLED encapsulated by a barrier film with a WVTR of 10−4 g/m2/day.
P‐159: Triplet Exciton Confinement in White Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Multi‐Doped Single Emissive Layer
Authors: Kim Jin Wook , Kim Nam Ho , Yoon Ju‐An , You Seung Il , Kang Jin Sung , He Gufeng , Kim Young Kwan , Kim Woo Young
Published: July 2014

We fabricated white phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) with the primary color(Red, Green and Blue) in single emissive layer using NPB, TCTA and TAPC as hole transporting layer (HTL) having different triplet energy level to observe triplet exciton's behavior. White PHOLED with TAPC having higher triplet energy level shows 51cd/A of luminous efficiency, and CIEXY color coordinate of (0.35, 0.40) at 10V.
P‐161L: Late‐News Poster: High‐Efficiency Inverted Top‐Emitting Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Random Corrugated Structure
Authors: Park Cheol Hwee , Lee Hyun Jun , Choi Kyung Bok , Hwang Ju Hyun , Kim Kyu Nyun , Shim Yong Sub , Jung Sun‐Gyu , Park Young Wook , Ju Byeong Kwon
Published: July 2014

In this study, we show that high‐efficiency Inverted Top‐Emitting Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (ITEOLEDs) by using nanosized random structure (nRS). The nRS is fabricated by Reactive ion etching (RIE) process. This process enables simple and inexpensive manufacturing. Compared to a conventional device, ITEOLEDs with nRS showed improved power efficiency (+19.87%), Current efficiency (+32.65%) and external quantum efficiency (+29.24%) at a luminance 500cd/m2.
P‐162L: Late‐News Poster: Novel Bipolar Carbazole‐triazole Derivative as Host of Blue PhOLEDs
Authors: Wang Po‐Sheng , Lin Bo‐Yen , Hsieh Yu‐Hsuan , Leung Man‐Kit , Lin Chi‐Feng , Chiu Tien‐Lung , Lee Jiun‐Haw
Published: July 2014

A novel carbazole‐triazole derivative was used as a bipolar host of a phosphorescent blue organic light‐emitting diode doped with bis[2‐(4,6‐difluorophenyl)pyridinato‐C2,N](picolmato)iridmm(III) (FIrpic). Maximum current efficiency, power efficiency, and external quantum efficiency of this blue phosphorescent OLED reached 50.30 cd/A and 25.03%, respectively. Efficiency roll‐off was alleviated due to the wide recombination zone, and current efficiency slightly reduced to 46.67 cd/A at 1000 cd/m2.
P‐163L: Late‐News Poster: Inverted Transparent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Comprising an Oxide Compound Electron Injection Layer and a Nanoscale Metal/Dielectric Multilayer Anode
Authors: Uchida Takayuki , Masaaki Shibasaki , Tejima Riho , Ichikawa Masato , Seki Yoshiyuki , Satoh Toshifumi
Published: July 2014

Inverted transparent organic light‐emitting diodes (i‐TOLEDs) were fabricated using thermal evaporation and spray methods. Only oxide compounds were used for the electron injection layer (EIL) of the diodes, and no alkali metals were included. Furthermore, these i‐TOLEDs were fabricated with a nanoscale metal/dielectric multilayered transparent conductive film, which served as the anode.
P‐164L: Late‐News Poster: The Study of Film Formation Process by Electrospray Method to Manufacture High Productivity Organic Light‐Emitting Diode Devices
Authors: Seike Yoshiyuki , Koishikawa Yasushi , Kato Mikihiro , Miyachi Keiji , Kurokawa Syuhei , Doi Akinari , Miyazaki Hiroshi , Adachi Chihaya
Published: July 2014

New film forming technique with electrospray (ES) method capable of forming films in the atmosphere is proposed to correspond to larger organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) device and reduce manufacturing cost to achieve commercial viability.
P‐165: The Most Important Factor Influencing Image Quality in 3D Short‐Throw Rear‐Projection System
Authors: Lin Pei‐Feng , Chen Sheng‐Hao , Lin Hoang Yan
Published: July 2014

To improve the quality of 3D image observed with head‐rotation, the number and arrangement of the retarder‐films are optimized based on two main factors: crosstalk and color shift. However, these two factors cannot be reduced simultaneously. This paper gives a summary and shows which factor dominates in optimization.
P‐170: Optical Touch Screen based on Grating and Waveguide
Authors: Cui Jie , Ye Zhi‐Cheng , Sun Nan‐Ling , Zheng Jun , Shieh Han‐Ping D.
Published: July 2014

An optical touch screen based on gratings and waveguides is proposed. Light from the backlight source with the wavelength of 440nm is coupled into the waveguide matrix by gratings for sensing. Small detector arrays are included. The design significantly reduces the cost and complexity as compared to conventional optical touch technologies, which can also improve the color purity of the display.
P‐172: Touch Panel Surface Modification Technology: The Latest Trends
Authors: Fukuda Teruyuki , Meserole Chad A. , Kigawa Koji
Published: July 2014

This work reflects our efforts to describe the characteristics of the fluoro‐compounds (containing perfluoropolyether) which are used to modify the touch display surfaces, to discuss the evaluation technology used to gauge the durability of the fluoro‐coating, and to review the latest trends in application and processing technology.
Improving the mechanical properties of collagen‐based membranes using silk fibroin for corneal tissue engineering
Authors: Long Kai , Liu Yang , Li Weichang , Wang Lin , Liu Sa , Wang Yingjun , Wang Zhichong , Ren Li
Published: July 2014

Although collagen with outstanding biocompatibility has promising application in corneal tissue engineering, the mechanical properties of collagen‐based scaffolds, especially suture retention strength, must be further improved to satisfy the requirements of clinical applications. This article describes a toughness reinforced collagen‐based membrane using silk fibroin. The collagen‐silk fibroin membranes based on collagen [silk fibroin (w/w) ratios of 100:5, 100:10, and 100:20] were prepared by using silk fibroin and cross‐linking by 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide. These membranes were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and their optical property, and NaCl and tryptophan diffusivity had been tested. The water content was found to be dependent on the content of silk fibroin, and CS10 membrane (loading 10 wt % of silk fibroin) performed the optimal mechanical properties. Also the suture experiments have proved CS10 has high suture retention strength, which can be sutured in rabbit eyes integrally. Moreover, the composite membrane proved good biocompatibility for the proliferation of human corneal epithelial cells in vitro. Lamellar keratoplasty shows that CS10 membrane promoted complete epithelialization in 35 ± 5 days, and their transparency is restored quickly in the first month. Corneal rejection reaction, neovascularization, and keratoconus are not observed. The composite films show potential for use in the field of corneal tissue engineering. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 1159–1168, 2015.
Biofilm formation on titanium implants counteracted by grafting gallium and silver ions
Authors: Cochis Andrea , Azzimonti Barbara , Della Valle Cinzia , Chiesa Roberto , Arciola Carla Renata , Rimondini Lia
Published: July 2014

Biofilm‐associated infections remain the leading cause of implant failure. Thanks to its established biocompatibility and biomechanical properties, titanium has become one of the most widely used materials for bone implants. Engineered surface modifications of titanium able to thwart biofilm formation while endowing a safe anchorage to eukaryotic cells are being progressively developed. Here surfaces of disks of commercial grade 2 titanium for bone implant were grafted with gallium and silver ions by anodic spark deposition. Scanning electron microscopy of the surface morphology and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy were used for characterization. Gallium‐grafted titanium was evaluated in comparison with silver‐grafted titanium for both in vivo and in vitro antibiofilm properties and for in vitro compatibility with human primary gingival fibroblasts. Surface‐modified materials showed: (i) homogeneous porous morphology, with pores of micrometric size; (ii) absence of cytotoxic effects; (iii) ability to support in vitro the adhesion and spreading of gingival fibroblasts; and (iv) antibiofilm properties. Although both silver and gallium exhibited in vitro strong antibacterial properties, in vivo gallium was significantly more effective than silver in reducing number and viability of biofilm bacteria colonies. Gallium‐based treatments represent promising titanium antibiofilm coatings to develop new bone implantable devices for oral, maxillofacial, and orthopedic applications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 1176–1187, 2015.
Microporous calcium phosphate ceramics driving osteogenesis through surface architecture
Authors: Zhang Jingwei , Barbieri Davide , ten Hoopen Hetty , de Bruijn Joost D. , van Blitterswijk Clemens A. , Yuan Huipin
Published: July 2014

The presence of micropores in calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics has shown its important role in initiating inductive bone formation in ectopic sites. To investigate how microporous CaP ceramics trigger osteoinduction, we optimized two biphasic CaP ceramics (i.e., BCP‐R and BCP‐S) to have the same chemical composition, equivalent surface area per volume, comparable protein adsorption, similar ion (i.e., calcium and phosphate) exchange and the same surface mineralization potential, but different surface architecture. In particular, BCP‐R had a surface roughness (Ra) of 325.4 ± 58.9 nm while for BCP‐S it was 231.6 ± 35.7 nm. Ceramic blocks with crossing or noncrossing channels of 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 µm were implanted in paraspinal muscle of dogs for 12 weeks. The percentage of bone volume in the channels was not affected by the type of pores (i.e., crossing vs. closed) or their size, but it was greatly influenced by the ceramic type (i.e., BCP‐R vs. BCP‐S). Significantly, more bone was formed in the channels of BCP‐R than in those of BCP‐S. Since the two CaP ceramics differed only in their surface architecture, the results hereby demonstrate that microporous CaP ceramics may induce ectopic osteogenesis through surface architecture. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 1188–1199, 2015.
Thrombospondin-1 Regulates Bone Homeostasis Through Effects on Bone Matrix Integrity and Nitric Oxide Signaling in Osteoclasts
Authors: Amend Sarah R , Uluckan Ozge , Hurchla Michelle , Leib Daniel , Veis Novack Deborah , Silva Matthew , Frazier William , Weilbaecher Katherine N
Published: July 2014

Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), an endogenous antiangiogenic, is a widely expressed secreted ligand with roles in migration, adhesion, and proliferation and is a target for new therapeutics. While TSP1 is present in the bone matrix and several TSP1 receptors play roles in bone biology, the role of TSP1 in bone remodeling has not been fully elucidated. Bone turnover is characterized by coordinated activity of bone-forming osteoblasts (OB) and bone-resorbing osteoclasts (OC). TSP1−/− mice had increased bone mass and increased cortical bone size and thickness compared to wild type (WT). However, despite increased size, TSP1−/− femurs showed less resistance to bending than expected, indicative of diminished bone quality and a bone material defect. Additionally, we found that TSP1 deficiency resulted in decreased OC activity in vivo and reduced OC differentiation. TSP1 was critical during early osteoclastogenesis, and TSP1 deficiency resulted in a substantial overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Importantly, administration of a NOS inhibitor rescued the OC function defects of TSP1−/− mice in vivo. To investigate the role of bone-derived TSP1 in osteoclastogenesis, we found that WT pre-OCs had defective iNOS expression when cultured on TSP1−/− bone compared to WT bone, suggesting that TSP1 in bone plays a critical role in iNOS signaling during OC development. These data implicate a new role for TSP1 in bone homeostasis with roles in maintaining bone matrix integrity and regulating OC formation. It will be critical to monitor bone health of patients administered TSP1-pathway directed therapeutics in clinical use and under development. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photoluminescence of Lanthanide Metal‐organic Frameworks, Constructed from Triangular 4,4′,4″‐s‐triazine‐1,3,5‐triyl‐p‐aminobenzoate Ligands
Authors: Liao Ju‐Hsiou , Lai Chien‐Yuan , Yang Chih‐Liang
Published: July 2014

Eight isomorphous metal‐organic frameworks: [Ln2(TATAB)2(H2O)(DMA)6]·5H2O (Ln = Sm (1), Eu (2), Gd (3), Tb (4), Dy (5), Er (6), Tm (7), Yb (8)); TATAB = 4,4′,4″‐s‐triazine‐1,3,5‐triyl‐p‐aminobenzoate, DMA = N,N‐dimethylacetamide), were synthesized by the self‐assembly of lanthanide ions, TATAB, DMA and H2O. Single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography reveals they are three dimensional frameworks with 2‐fold interpenetration. Solid‐state photoluminescence studies indicate ligand‐to‐metal energy transfer is more efficient for compounds 2 and 4 which exhibit intense characteristic lanthanide emissions at room temperature.
An Efficient Method for Chemoselective Reduction of Nitro Compounds Using Bimetallic Fe‐Ni NPs/H3PW12O40.×H2O System
Authors: Rezazadeh Soodabeh , Akhlaghinia Batool , Goharshadi Elaheh K. , Sarvari Hossein
Published: July 2014

The selective reduction of nitro compounds by treatment with bimetallic Fe‐Ni nanoparticles (NPs) and tungestophosphoric acid hydrate (H3PW12O40.×H2O) in H2O is reported. The method has been applied to a broad range of nitro compounds with different sensitive functionalities, including halides, carbonyl, hydroxyl, aldehyde, methyl, acetyl, nitrile, and ester substituents with excellent yields. The reaction yielded single product in all cases with very high yield. The simple experimental procedure and easy purification make the protocol advantageous.
A novel real‐time method to estimate volumetric mass biodensity based on the combination of dielectric spectroscopy and soft‐sensors
Authors: Ehgartner Daniela , Sagmeister Patrick , Herwig Christoph , Wechselberger Patrick
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUND

The PAT initiative encourages designing, analyzing, and controlling manufacturing through timely measurements. Dielectric measurements and first principle soft‐sensors emerged as valuable real‐time bioprocess analytical PAT tools to improve process understanding and control capabilities.

RESULTS

The estimation of a novel physiological variable, bio‐density is presented, using a combination of two PAT sensors, dielectric spectroscopy and a soft‐sensor based on first principle elemental balances. Within this contribution, calibrations for the estimation of biomass dry weight using dielectric measurements were found to change in the transition from batch‐ to fed‐batch and within the induction phase for two recombinant E. coli bioprocesses. This was explained by a change in cell size, as indicated by flow cytometric measurements, light microscopy and changes in the beta dispersion dielectric spectrum. Biomass dry weight was accurately determined using a first principle soft‐sensor. The combination of both signals allowed the real‐time estimation of a new physiological variable, interpreted as bio‐density. Applying this concept, batch/fed‐batch and induction phase physiological changes were successfully observed in real time. Furthermore, a correlation with the specific product titer was observed.

CONCLUSION

This contribution enhances the application spectrum of dielectric measurements and soft‐sensors for the detection of physiological changes and recombinant product estimation, aiming at more efficient design, monitoring and control of bioprocesses as demanded by the process analytical technology (PAT) initiative. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some Novel Aryl‐Substituted 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole Mannich Bases Containing Pyrimidine Rings
Authors: Shen Shengqiang , Sun Xiaohong , Liu Yuanfa , Chen Bang , Jin Ruyi , Ma Haixia
Published: July 2014

A series of novel Mannich base derivatives (E1–E15) of 5‐aryl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2‐thione with substituted pyrimidine were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H‐NMR. The antifungal activities of these compounds were also originally studied. The results showed that most of the title compounds exhibited relatively good fungicidal activities. Especially compounds E8 and E13 showed better antifungal activity than comparison compound hymexazol. The relationship of structure and activity revealed that the presence of the methyl group at four and six positions of pyrimidine ring remarkably enhanced the antifungal activity of title compounds.
A novel strategy for the rapid preparation and isolation of intact immune complexes from peptide mixtures
Authors: Al‐Majdoub Mahmoud , Opuni Kwabena F. M. , Yefremova Yelena , Koy Cornelia , Lorenz Peter , El‐Kased Reham F. , Thiesen Hans‐Jürgen , Glocker Michael O.
Published: July 2014

The development and application of a miniaturized affinity system for the preparation and release of intact immune complexes are demonstrated. Antibodies were reversibly affinity‐adsorbed on pipette tips containing protein G´ and protein A, respectively. Antigen proteins were digested with proteases and peptide mixtures were exposed to attached antibodies; forming antibody–epitope complexes, that is, immune complexes. Elution with millimolar indole propionic acid (IPA)‐containing buffers under neutral pH conditions allowed to effectively isolate the intact immune complexes in purified form. Size exclusion chromatography was performed to determine the integrity of the antibody–epitope complexes. Mass spectrometric analysis identified the epitope peptides in the respective SEC fractions. His‐tag‐containing recombinant human glucose‐6‐phosphate isomerase in combination with an anti‐His‐tag monoclonal antibody was instrumental to develop the method. Application was extended to the isolation of the intact antibody–epitope complex of a recombinant human tripartite motif 21 (rhTRIM21) auto‐antigen in combination with a rabbit polyclonal anti‐TRIM21 antibody. Peptide chip analysis showed that antibody–epitope binding of rhTRIM21 peptide antibody complexes was not affected by the presence of IPA in the elution buffer. By contrast, protein G´ showed an ion charge structure by electrospray mass spectrometry that resembled a denatured conformation when exposed to IPA‐containing buffers. The advantages of this novel isolation strategy are low sample consumption and short experimental duration in addition to the direct and robust methodology that provides easy access to intact antibody–antigen complexes under neutral pH and low salt conditions for subsequent investigations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecularly imprinted composite cryogels for hemoglobin depletion from human blood
Authors: Baydemir Gözde , Andaç Müge , Perçin Işιk , Derazshamshir Ali , Denizli Adil
Published: July 2014

A molecularly imprinted composite cryogel (MICC) was prepared for depletion of hemoglobin from human blood prior to use in proteome applications. Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) based MICC was prepared with high gel fraction yields up to 90%, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy, swelling studies, flow dynamics and surface area measurements. MICC exhibited a high binding capacity and selectivity for hemoglobin in the presence of immunoglobulin G, albumin and myoglobin. MICC column was successfully applied in fast protein liquid chromatography system for selective depletion of hemoglobin for human blood. The depletion ratio was highly increased by embedding microspheres into the cryogel (93.2%). Finally, MICC can be reused many times with no apparent decrease in hemoglobin adsorption capacity. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Water‐compatible silica sol–gel molecularly imprinted polymer as a potential delivery system for the controlled release of salicylic acid
Authors: Li Bin , Xu Jingjing , Hall Andrew J. , Haupt Karsten , Tse Sum Bui Bernadette
Published: July 2014

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for salicylic acid were synthesized and evaluated in aqueous environments in the aim to apply them as drug delivery carriers. One organic MIP and one inorganic MIP based on the sol–gel process were synthesized. The organic MIP was prepared by radical polymerization using the stoichiometric functional monomer, 1‐(4‐vinylphenyl)‐3‐(3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)urea, which can establish strong electrostatic interactions with the –COOH of salicylic acid. The sol–gel MIP was prepared with 3‐(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and trimethoxyphenylsilane, as functional monomers and tetraethyl orthosilicate as the crosslinker. While the organic MIPs bound the target specifically in acetonitrile, they exhibited lower binding in the presence of water, although the imprinting factor increased under these conditions, due to reduced non‐specific binding. The sol–gel MIP has a high specificity and capacity for the drug in ethanol, a solvent compatible with drug formulation and biomedical applications. In vitro release profiles of the polymers in water were evaluated, and the results were modelled by Fick's law of diffusion and the power law. Analysis shows that the release mechanism was predominantly diffusion‐controlled. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell therapy after recurrent laryngeal nerve injury: A preliminary study
Authors: Lerner Michael Z. , Matsushita Takashi , Lankford Karen L. , Radtke Christine , Kocsis Jeffery D. , Young Nwanmegha O.
Published: July 2014

Objectives/Hypothesis

Intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been recently shown to enhance functional recovery after stroke and spinal cord injury. The therapeutic properties of MSCs are attributed to their secretion of a variety of potent antiinflammatory and neurotrophic factors. We hypothesize that intravenous administration of MSCs after recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury in the rat may enhance functional recovery.

Study Design

Animal Research.

Methods

Twelve 250‐gram Sprague‐Dawley rats underwent a controlled crush injury to the left RLN. After confirming postoperative vocal fold immobility, each rat was intravenously infused with either green fluorescent protein‐expressing MSCs or control media in a randomized and blinded fashion. Videolaryngoscopy was performed weekly. The laryngoscopy video recordings were reviewed and rated by a fellowship‐trained laryngologist who remained blinded to the intervention using a 0 to 3 scale.

Results

At 1 week postinjury, the MSC‐infused group showed a trend for higher average functional recovery scores compared to the control group (2.2 vs 1.3), but it did not reach statistical significance (P value of 0.06). By 2 weeks, however, both groups exhibited complete return of function.

Conclusions

These pilot data indicate that with complete nerve transection by crush injury of the RLN in rat, there is complete recovery of vocal fold mobility at 2 weeks. At 1 week postinjury, animals receiving intravenous infusion of MSCs showed a trend for greater functional recovery, suggesting a potential beneficial effect of MSCs; however, this did not reach statistical significance. Therefore, no definite conclusions can be drawn from these data and further study is required.

Level of Evidence

N/A. Laryngoscope, 124:2555–2560, 2014