bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial Illustration
Authors: Selby Andrew
Published: November 2022

Across digital and print media, editorial illustrators create visuals to support text and convey ideas, but there is more to these illustrations than meets the eye.

Internationally-recognised illustrator and educator Andy Selby takes you through the importance of context and content when responding to editorial illustration briefs, explaining how understanding of visual communication concepts leads to more successful illustrations — all while under the time pressure of editorial briefs. Covering ideation, development and execution, this book includes:

- A short history of illustration as a political and social tool

- How to use visual language, symbolism and satire and to what purpose

- Representation of identity, ethics and society — both for impact and sensitive designs

- Research, commercial judgement and experimentation

- Professional conduct, self-promotion, responsibilities and plagiarism

So whether you’re illustrating a news story, summarising new scientific discoveries or creating an image for a magazine cover, Editorial Illustration will give you the skills to produce striking commercial designs on time and to brief.
Recontextualizing Indian Shakespeare Cinema in the West
Authors: Young Sandra
Published: November 2022

Featuring case studies, essays, and conversation pieces by scholars and practitioners, this volume explores how Indian cinematic adaptations outside the geopolitical and cultural boundaries of India are revitalizing the broader landscape of Shakespeare research, performance, and pedagogy.

Essays in this volume address practical and thematic concerns and opportunities that are specific to studying Indian cinematic Shakespeares in the West. For instance, how have intercultural encounters between Indian Shakespeare films and American students inspired new pedagogic methodologies? How has the presence and popularity of Indian Shakespeare films affected policy change at British cultural institutions? How can disagreement between eastern and western perspectives on the politics of a Shakespeare film become the site for productive cross-cultural dialogue? This is the first book to explore such complex interactions between Indian Shakespeare films and Western audiences to contribute to the assessment of the new networks that have emerged as a result of Global Shakespeare studies and practices.

The volume argues that by tracking critical currents from India towards the West new insights are afforded on the wider field of Shakespeare Studies - including feminist Shakespeares, translation in Shakespeare, or the study of music in Shakespeare - and are shaping debates on the ownership and meaning of Shakespeare itself. Contributing to the current studies in Global Shakespeare, this book marks a discursive shift in the way Shakespeare on Indian screen is predominantly theorised and offers an alternative methodology for examining non-Anglophone cinematic Shakespeares as a whole.
Teaching English to Young Arabic Speakers
Authors: Ghosn Irma-Kaarina
Published: November 2022

The book explores young Arabic-speaking children’s English language learning. Through classroom-based research and learner work samples, the book analyses the interplay between cultural norms and the critical role that teachers play in orchestrating classroom discourse through skillful use of available instructional materials, questioning strategies and feedback to learners. The author shows the potential of instructional materials to influence young learners’ vocabulary, reading comprehension, and written production, as well as the way they acquire the academic literacies needed in school subjects taught in English. She reviews the spread of the practice of teaching English to young and very young children and the increasing demand for English-medium instruction in the Arabic-speaking region, with a particular focus on the negative transfer from Arabic to English spelling and grammar. The book also discusses the importance of story narratives, arguing they are an ideal medium for language teaching because of their rich linguistic repertoire and the strong motivational force that stories have on young language learners and their cognitive growth, essential to their later academic success. Taken together, the research findings and classroom vignettes suggest that children’s language learning happens within a complex system of interactive variables and cultural norms and expectations.
Staging the End of the World
Authors: Kulick Brian
Published: November 2022

This book is a brief history of the end of the world as seen through the eyes of theatre. Since its inception, theatre has staged the fall of empires, floods, doomsdays, shipwrecks, earthquakes, plagues, environmental degradations, warfare, nuclear annihilation, and the catastrophic effects of climate change. Using a wide range of plays alongside contemporary thinkers, this study helps guide and galvanize the reader in grappling with the climate crisis. It reminds us that theatre, through its communal nature, remains one of the best forms at our disposal for helping to effect collective change and, in this case, aid in the saving of our planet.

Kulick divides this litany of theatrical cataclysms into four distinct historical phases: the Ancients, including Euripides and Bhasa, the legendary Sanskrit dramatist; the Age of Belief, with the anonymous authors of the medieval mystery cycles, Shakespeare, and Pushkin; The Moderns, with Ibsen, Chekhov, Brecht, and Beckett; and, finally, the way the world might end now, encompassing Edward Bond, Caryl Churchill, Tony Kushner, and Anne Washburn's Mr. Burns, A Post-Electric Play. Each of these ages and their respective authors have something essential to say, not only about humanity's potential end, but, more importantly, the possibility for our collective continuance. In tandem with the insights gleaned from these playwrights, the book draws upon the work of contemporary scientists, ecologists, and ethicists to further tease out the philosophical implications of such plays and their relevance to our own troubled times.
The Philosophy of The Social Sciences
Authors: Ryan Alan
Published: November 2022

Are the Social Sciences in principle a different and more dubious undertaking than the Natural Sciences? This book is an introduction to the major problems of the philosophy of social science. It covers most of the important, and sometimes controversial, topics in the present debate but demands no previous knowledge of philosophy or the social sciences. A model of explanation is developed from current philosophical analysis of the natural sciences that can with care be made applicable to the work of the social scientist.

The book begins by explaining the point of asking specifically philosophical questions - an issue on which many social scientists have come to grief. Summarising the concern of the philosopher of social science as the desire to explain rationally the scientific standing of social enquiry, it leads into an account of the nature of scientific explanation, paying special attention to the role of theories in science. The applicability of the dominant account of scientific explanation to human behaviour is shown to raise conceptual problems of an intractable kind - some of them traditional problems concerning 'free will', others contemporary problems with a bearing on social policies about crime, mental health and the enlargement of personal liberty. The intractability of these problems sets the book off on exploring the claim that social understanding is essentially non-scientific, because it involves the analysis of social meanings rather than casual regularities. This claim is seen to contain a good deal of sense - much of it well enshrined in sociological and anthropological practice - but to be misleadingly expressed. Next, the discussion turns to the argument that the proper explanation of social phenomena is 'functionalist' in character; functionalism is seen to do justice to the often-defended view that social phenomena are frequently holistically explained, but is rejected as involving anything peculiar to the explanation of social phenomena - and several self-ascribed functionalists are shown to be offering non-functionalist explanations. In the concluding chapters the role of the social sciences as ideologies is discussed, first in the context of social theorists' ambitions for a science which offers long-range predictions of social phenomena, and finally in the context of doubts about the possibility of objectivity in the description and analysis of social facts. Throughout the book every effort is made to represent conflicting views as fairly as possible; the differences within social science are emphasised in the attempt to show how no single simple account can do justice to the diversity of explanations offered by social scientists.
Hamlet
Authors: Shakespeare William
Published: November 2022

What are the differences between traditional readings of Hamlet and those produced by modern criticism? What sort of questions does structuralist or feminist criticism raise? What issues are foregrounded by contemporary critics and how do these challenge our understanding of the play? This new collection on Hamlet brings together three traditional essays on the play and sets them alongside nine pieces of modern criticism that reflect the way in which contemporary discussion of Shakespeare is now heavily indebted to the ideas of structuralism, feminism, deconstruction, Marxism and new historicism. Complete with Introduction and a guide to Further Reading, the volume offers students a clear account of how the exciting developments in modern literary criticism and theory have influenced the current debate about Hamlet.
Durrell: My Family and Other Animals
Authors: Hardacre Kenneth
Published: November 2022

When the unconventional Durrell family can no longer endure the damp, gray English climate, they do what any sensible family would do: sell their house and relocate to the sunny Greek isle of Corfu. My Family and Other Animals was intended to embrace the natural history of the island but ended up as a delightful account of Durrell’s family’s experiences, from the many eccentric hangers-on to the ceaseless procession of puppies, toads, scorpions, geckoes, ladybugs, glowworms, octopuses, bats, and butterflies into their home.
Bronte: Jane Eyre
Authors: Handley Graham
Published: November 2022

Sara Lodge offers a lively introduction to the critical history of one of the most widely-studied nineteenth-century novels, from the first reviews through to present day responses. The Guide also includes sections devoted to feminist, Marxist and postcolonial criticism of Jane Eyre, as well as analysis of recent developments.
Huxley: Brave New World
Authors: Handley Graham
Published: November 2022

Far in the future, the World Controllers have created the ideal society. Through clever use of genetic engineering, brainwashing and recreational sex and drugs all its members are happy consumers. Bernard Marx seems alone harbouring an ill-defined longing to break free. A visit to one of the few remaining Savage Reservations where the old, imperfect life still continues, may be the cure for his distress... About The Author: About the Author Aldous Huxley was born on July 26, 1894, in Surrey, England, into a distinguished scientific and literary family; his grandfather was the noted scientist and writer, T.H. Huxley. Following an eye illness at age 16 that resulted in near-blindness, Huxley abandoned hope of a career in medicine and turned instead to literature, attending Oxford University and graduating with honors. While at Oxford, he published two volumes of poetry. Crome Yellow, his first novel, was published in 1927 followed by Antic Hay, Those Barren Leaves, and Point Counter Point. His most famous novel, Brave New World, published in 1932, is a science fiction classic about a futuristic society controlled by technology. In all, Huxley produced 47 works during his long career, In 1947, Huxley moved with his family to southern California. During the 1950s, he experimented with mescaline and LSD. Doors of Perception and Heaven and Hell, both works of nonfiction, were based on his experiences while taking mescaline under supervision. In 1959, Aldous Huxley received the Award of Merit for the Novel from the American Academy of Arts and Letters. He died on November 22, 1963.
Priestley: An Inspector Calls
Authors: Gooden P.
Published: November 2022

'We don't live alone ... We are responsible for each other'A policeman interrupts a rich family's dinner to question them about the suicide of a young working-class girl. As their guilty secrets are gradually revealed over the course of the evening, 'An Inspector Calls', J. B. Priestley's most famous play, shows us the terrible consequences of poverty and inequality. The other powerful plays in this collection - 'Time and the Conways', 'I Have Been Here Before' and 'The Linden Tree' - explore time, fate, free will and the effects of war. 'A vastly talented and exceptionally versatile and wise writer' Iris Murdoch'Priestley was volcanic, fertile ... and never dull' Anthony BurgessIf you enjoyed An Inspector Calls, you might like Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman, also available in Penguin Modern Classics.
Shakespeare: Henry IV, Part I
Authors: Smith A. J. P.
Published: November 2022

David Scott Kastan lucidly explores the remarkable richness and the ambitious design of King Henry IV Part 1 and shows how these complicate any easy sense of what kind of play it is. Conventionally regarded as a history play, much of it is in fact conspicuously invented fiction, and Kastan argues that the non-historical, comic plot does not simply parody the historical action but by its existence raises questions about the very nature of history. The full and engaging introduction devotes extensive discussion to the play's language, indicating how its insistent economic vocabulary provides texture for the social concerns of the play and focuses attention on the central relationship between value and political authority.
The Gothic Novel
Authors: Sage Victor
Published: November 2022

No abstract information
O’Casey: The Dublin Trilogy
Authors: Ayling Ronald
Published: November 2022

Three early plays by Sean O’Casey--arguably his three greatest--demonstrate vividly O’Casey’s ability to convey the reality of life and the depth of human emotion, specifically in Dublin before and during the Irish civil war of 1922-23, but, truly, throughout the known universe. In mirroring the lives of the Dublin poor, from the tenement dwellers in The Shadow of a Gunman and Juno and the Paycock to the bricklayer, street vendor, and charwoman in The Plough and the Stars, Sean O’Casey conveys with urgency and eloquence the tiny details that create a total character as well as the terrors, large and small, that the constant threat of political violence inevitably brings. As Seamus Heaney has written, ‘O’Casey’s characters are both down to earth and larger than life … His democratic genius was at one with his tragic understanding, and his recoil from tyranny and his compassion for the oppressed were an essential--as opposed to a moral and thematic--part of his art.’
Swift: Gulliver's Travels
Authors: Gravil Richard
Published: November 2022

Shipwrecked on an unknown island, Lemuel Gulliver wakes to find himself surrounded by its six-inch-tall natives, the Lilliputians. But this is only the first in a long line of wonderful discoveries, as his adventures take him to other far-off lands such as Brobdingnag, populated by a race of giants, Luggnagg, home to the eternally ageing Struldbrugs, and the country of the Houyhnhnms, a race of benevolent talking horses.

Parodying the popular travel accounts of its time, Gulliver's Travels is not only a tour de force of imaginative and comic writing, which has thrilled readers of all ages for almost three centuries, but also a masterly, merciless satire on Western society and human nature.
Shakespeare: Much Ado about Nothing and As You Like It
Authors: Brown John Russell
Published: November 2022

Much Ado About Nothing presents a battle of the sexes in more ways than one: as both a lightning-fast skirmish of wits between two famously disputatious lovers, and a near-deadly conflict built on conventions of gender and male rivalry.

Claire McEachern's new introduction brings this best-seller right up to date, analysing recent developments in criticism and the latest productions of this comedy.
Penerapan Terapi Pijat Refleksi Kaki pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus dalam Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Aman Nyaman
Authors: Selviana  , Harmawati  , Nurlina  , Aslinda
Published: November 2022

Peningkatan gula darah yang terjadi pada pasien dengan Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2 dapat mengakibatkan gangguan pemenuhan kebutuhan aman dan nyaman, Gangguan integritas jaringan terjadi dikarenakan kurangnya aliran darah yang melewati area luka tersebut. Gangguan-gangguan tersebut apabila tidak segera ditangani akan menyebabkan terjadinya komplikasi dari penyakit Diabetes Mellitus. World Health Organization (WHO) menyebutkan bahwa tercatat 422 juta orang didunia menderita Diabetes Mellitus atau terjadi peningkatan sekitar 8,5% pada populasi orang dewasa dan diperkirakan terdapat 2,2 juta kematian dengan persentase akibat penyakit Diabetes Mellitus yang terjadi sebelum usia 70 tahun adekuat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan terapi pijat refleksi kaki pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus Type II dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan aman nyaman.

Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan studi kasus dengan menerapkan penelitian pra eksperimental sederhana dengan metode rancangan pra pasca test. Peneliti mengkaji keluhan pasien sebelum dan setelah melakukan tindakan terapi pijat refleksi kaki pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan Teknik pengkajian aman nyaman, wawancara, observasi dan pemeriksaan GDS.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terapi pijat refleksi pada kaki pada pasien Ny.F selama 30 menit diperoleh hasil klien mengatakan kesemutan pada kedua kaki sudah tidak dirasakan dan merasa enak serta legah setelah dilakukan pemijatan pada kaki dan gatal-gatal yang dirasakan berkurang.

Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa alam pemenuhan kebutuhan aman nyaman dengan masalah keperawatan gangguan rasa nyaman dan risiko cedera dengan dilakukan terapi pijat refleksi kaki selama 30-40 menit sebanyak 2 kali sehari selama 3 hari berturut-turut didapatkan hasil terpenuhinya rasa aman nyaman pada pasien dan terjadi penurunan kadar glukosa darah.

Saran : dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan aman nyaman pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe II diharapkan klien dan keluarga klien dapat menerapkan terapi pijat refleksi pada kaki.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Jarak Tempat Tinggal dengan Pemilihan Penolong Persalinan pada Ibu di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Katobu Kab. Muna
Authors: Sitti Herliyanti Rambu  , Nanang Rahmadani  , Sahdan Mustari
Published: November 2022

Persalinan adalah proses pengeluaran hasil konsepsi (janin dan uri) yang telah cukup bulan atau dapat hidup di luar kandungan melalui jalan lahir atau melalui jalan lain, dengan bantuan atau tanpa bantuan (kekuatan sendiri).. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan jarak tempat tinggal dengan pemilihan penolong persalinan pada ibu di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Katobu Kab. Muna tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Deskripsi Analitik dengan rancangan Cross Sectional, besar populasi adalah 43 orang, dengan tehnik penarikan sampel secara Total Sampling, dengan jumlah sampel 43 orang. Metode analisis menggunakan Uji Chi Square Test. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan pemilihan penolong persalinan pada ibu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Katobu (p = 0,002 > α = 0,05), ada hubungan antara jarak tempat tinggal dengan pemilihan penolong persalinan pada ibu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Katobu (p = 0,000 > α = 0,05). Disarankan bagi Puskesmas Kepada Puskesmas Katobu khusunya pada bagian KIA diharapkan agar meningkatkan frekuensi penyuluhan kesehatan serta menempatkan tenaga kesehatan yang dapat dijangkau oleh masyarakt agar mudah diterima dan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat setempat agar tercapai pelayanan kesehatan secara paripurna.
Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Kepatuhan Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik dalam Menjalani Hemodialisa di RSUD Labuang Baji Makassar
Authors: Andi Ayumar  , Andi Yulia Kasma  , Hasriadi Lande  , Nurdiana Ansyari
Published: November 2022

Hemodialisa pada pasien yang menderita gagal ginjal kronik sangat penting mengingat adanya batasan-batasan yang tidak boleh dilakukan oleh pasien karena dapat membahayakan dirinya sendiri. Dukungan keluarga merupakan factor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan pasien gagal ginjal kronik dalam menjalani hemodialisa di RSUD Labuang Baji Makassar.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah survey analitik dengan desain penelitian Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 150 orang dengan  jumlah sampel 32 responden yang diambil menggunakan tehnik accidental sampling. Analisis statistik yang digunakan Uji Chi-Square dengan menggunakan uji alternatif fisher’s exact test  dengan tingkat kemaknaan (α= 0,05).

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 26 (100%) responden yang mendukung dan patuh dalam menjalani hemodialisa sebanyak 25 orang (96.2%) dan yang mendukung dan tidak patuh dalam menjalani hemodialisa sebanyak 1 orang (3.8%). Sedangkan dari 6 responden yang tidak mendukung dan patuh dalam menjalani hemodialisa sebanyak 3 orang (50.0%) dan responden yang tidak mendukung dan tidak patuh dalam menjalani hemodialisa sebanyak 3 orang (50.0%). Berdasarkan  hasil analisis statistik menggunakan uji alternative fisher’s exact test dengan menggunakan program SPSS diperoleh nilai p 0,015 < α 0,05, yang berarti bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan pasien menjalani hemodialisa.

Kesimpulan ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan pasien gagal ginjal kronik dalam menjalani hemodialisa di RSUD Labuang Baji Makassar.. Saran agar pasien patuh dalam menjalani hemodialisa sesuai dengan waktu yang ditentukan dan kepada keluarga agar lebih memahami bahwa dukungan keluarga sangat membantu pasien dalam menjalani hemodialisa.
Gambaran Dukungan Suami dalam Pemilihan Alat Kontrasepsi pada Ibu Persit di Rumah Sakit TK. II Pelamonia Makassar
Authors: Andi Wahyuni  , Esse Puji Pawenrusi  , Nurhida
Published: November 2022

Keluarga Berencana (KB) dalam perspektif organisasai kesehatan dunia yaitu suatu bentuk tindakan yang mengontrol pasangan suami istri untuk memilih kelahiran yang tidak diinginkan dan kelahiran yang diinginkan, menetapkan jumlah anak dalam keluarga, dan mengatur interval di antara kehamilan. Hasil Penelitian ini diperoleh responden terbanyak pada kategori umur yaitu antara 26-35 tahun terdapat  45 orang (60.0%), pada kategori pekerjaan responden terbanyak pada responden yang memiliki pekerjaan sebagai PNS sebanyak 27 orang (36.0%), pada kategori pemilihan jenis KB responden terbanyak yaitu pada pemilihan jenis KB IUD yaitu sebanyak 34 orang (45.3%) dan gambaran dukungan suami dalam pemilihan alat kontrasepsi pada ibu persit di RS TK. II Pelamonia Makassar sebanyak 74 orang (98.7%) yang mendapatkan dukungan dari suami dan sebanyak satu orang (1.3%) yang kurang mendapatkan dukungan dari suami untuk penggunaan kontrasepsi.
Respon Masyarakat terhadap Pemeriksaan SWAB Antigen dan Vaksinasi Covid-19
Authors: Fitria Hasanuddin  , St. Suarniati  , Nasriani
Published: November 2022

Virus corona atau sering dikenal dengan Covid-19 merupakan salah satu jenis virus yang menyebabkan penyakit pada manusia. Penularan corona virus 19 yang disebabkan oleh SARS–CoV masih melanda dunia khususnya Indonesia. Pada pelaksanaan pemberian vaksin banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi dan penerimaan pemeriksaan antigen sebagai langkah awal untuk menscreening kejadian covid 19 dan vaksinasi sebagai upaya meningkatkan imunitas. Persepsi dan gambaran masyarakat terhadap vaksin menjadi ujung tombak dalam menyukseskan pemberian vaksin di tengah masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mengetahui respon masyarakat terhadap swab antigen dan vaksinasi covid–19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang berbentuk deskriptif analitik, dengan studi korelasi dan desain studi cross-sectional. Instrument yang digunakan berbasis online. Hasil : terdapat  61 (51,7%) responden yang pernah melakukan pemeriksaan Swab antigen  yang terdiri  pernah melakukan pemeriksaan antigen 1 kali : 24 responden, 2 kali 16 responden, >2 kali 21 responden dan 57 ( 48,3%) responden yang belum pernah melakukan pemeriksaan swab antigen. Gambaran penerimaan masyarakat terhadap vaksinasi covid -19 pada masa penelitian ini adalah yakni 13 (11%) sudah melakukan vaksinasi , dan belum vaksinasi 105 ( 89%). Dan ketika diberlakukan dan ditawarkan vaksinasi dimasyarakat  terdapat responden yang bersedia sebanyak 72 (61%), menolak 15 (12,7%) dan 31 (26,3%) masih ragu-ragu. Kesimpulan :  penerimaan masyarakat terhadap pemeriksaan swab antigen yang pernah melakukan pemeriksaan  paling banyak dikarenakan   ada kontak erat dengan pasien yang terkonfirmasi positif covid 19 sebanyak 26 (22%), menolak karena tidak ada gejala yang berarti untuk urgensi pemeriksaan sebanyak 37 (31,4%). Data penerimaan masyarakat terhadap vaksin, dimana terbanyak yang  bersedia karena  untuk meningkatkan system kekebalan tubuh 29 (24%), menolak  terbanyak dikarenakan adanya berita di tengah masyarakat bahwa sudah ada orang yang pernah di vaksin tapi masih tetap terinfeksi virus covid-19 sebanyak 6 (0,5%) dan ragu-ragu terbanyak dikarenakan vaksin tersebut belum selesai uji coba dan terlalu banyak jenisnya terbanyak 6 (0,5%).
A Profile-based Estimated Inversion Strength
Authors: Wang Zhenquan , Yuan Jian , Wood Robert , Chen Yifan , Tong Tiancheng
Published: November 2022

Abstract. To better measure the planetary boundary layer inversion strength (IS), a novel profile-based estimated inversion strength (EISp) is developed using the ERA5 daily reanalysis data. The EISp is designed to estimate the IS based on the thinnest possible reanalysis layer above the lifting condensation level encompassing the inversion layer. At the Southern Great Plains site, the EISp better correlates with the radiosonde-detected IS (R=0.74) than the lower-tropospheric stability (LTS, R=0.53) and the estimated inversion strength (EIS, R=0.45). And the daily variance in low-cloud cover (LCC) explained by the EISp is twice that explained by the LTS and EIS. Higher correlations between the EISp and the radiosonde-detected IS are also found at worldwide radiosonde stations. Analysis on LCC observed by geostationary satellites and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer shows that the EISp explains 78 % of the annual mean LCC spatial variance over global oceans and land, larger than that explained by the LTS / EIS (48 % / 13 %). Over tropical and subtropical low-cloud prevailing eastern oceans, LCC range is more resolved by the EISp (48 %) than the LTS / EIS (37 % / 36 %). And the EISp explains a larger fraction (32 %) in the daily LCC variance, as compared to that explained by the LTS / EIS (14 % / 16 %). The seasonal LCC variance explained by the EISp is 89 %, larger than that explained by the LTS/EIS (80 % / 70 %). The relationship between EISp and LCC is more uniform across various time scales than the LCC-LTS / EIS relationship. It is suggested that the EISp is a better cloud controlling factor for LCC and likely a useful external environmental constraint for process-level studies in which there is a need to control for large-scale meteorology in order to isolate the cloud responses to aerosols on short timescales.
Quantifying particle-to-particle heterogeneity in aerosol hygroscopicity
Authors: Yuan Liang , Zhao Chunsheng
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The particle-to-particle heterogeneity in aerosol hygroscopicity is crucial for understanding aerosol climatic and environmental effects. The hygroscopic parameter κ, widely applied to describe aerosol hygroscopicity for aerosol populations both in models and observations, is a probability distribution highly related to aerosol heterogeneity due to the complex sources and aging processes. However, the heterogeneity in aerosol hygroscopicity is not represented in observations and model simulations, leading to challenges in accurately estimating aerosol climatic and environmental effects. Here, we propose an algorithm for quantifying particle-to-particle heterogeneity in aerosol hygroscopicity, based on information-theoretic entropy measures, by using the data that comes only from the in-situ measurement of the hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (H-TDMA). Aerosol populations in this algorithm are assumed to be simple binary systems consisting of the less hygroscopic and more hygroscopic components, which are commonly used in H-TDMA measurement. Three indices, including the aver age per-particle species diversity Dα, the bulk population species diversity Dγ, and their affine ratio χ, are calculated from the probability distribution of κ to describe aerosol heterogeneity. This algorithm can efficiently characterize the evolution of aerosol heterogeneity with time in the real atmosphere. Our results show that the heterogeneity varies much with aerosol particle size and large discrepancies exist in the width and peak value of particle number size distribution (PNSD) with varied heterogeneity after hygroscopic growth, especially for conditions with high relative humidity. This reveals a vital role of the heterogeneity in ambient PNSD and significant uncertainties in calculating the climate-relevant properties if the populationaveraged hygroscopicity is applied by neglecting its heterogeneity. This work points the way toward a better understanding of the role of hygroscopicity in evaluating aerosol climatic and environmental impacts.
Enhanced sulfur in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere in spring 2020
Authors: Tomsche Laura , Marsing Andreas , Jurkat-Witschas Tina , Lucke Johannes , Kaufmann Stefan , Kaiser Katharina , Schneider Johannes , Scheibe Monika , Schlager Hans , Röder Lenard , Fischer Horst , Obersteiner Florian , Zahn Andreas , Zöger Martin , Lelieveld Jos , Voigt Christiane
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Sulfur compounds in the upper troposphere and lower
stratosphere (UTLS) impact the atmosphere radiation budget, either directly
as particles or indirectly as precursor gas for new particle formation. In
situ measurements in the UTLS are rare but are important to better
understand the impact of the sulfur budget on climate. The BLUESKY mission
in May and June 2020 explored an unprecedented situation. (1) The UTLS
experienced extraordinary dry conditions in spring 2020 over Europe, in
comparison to previous years, and (2) the first lockdown of the COVID-19
pandemic caused major emission reductions from industry, ground, and airborne transportation. With the two research aircraft HALO and Falcon, 20
flights were conducted over central Europe and the North Atlantic to investigate the atmospheric composition with respect to trace gases,
aerosol, and clouds. Here, we focus on measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and particulate sulfate (SO42-) in the altitude range
of 8 to 14.5 km which show unexpectedly enhanced mixing ratios of SO2
in the upper troposphere and of SO42- in the lowermost
stratosphere. In the UT, we find SO2 mixing ratios of (0.07±0.01) ppb, caused by the remaining air traffic, and reduced SO2 sinks
due to low OH and low cloud fractions and to a minor extent by uplift from
boundary layer sources. Particulate sulfate showed elevated mixing ratios of
up to 0.33 ppb in the LS. We suggest that the eruption of the volcano
Raikoke in June 2019, which emitted about 1 Tg SO2 into the
stratosphere in northern midlatitudes, caused these enhancements, in addition
to Siberian and Canadian wildfires and other minor volcanic eruptions. Our
measurements can help to test models and lead to new insights in the
distribution of sulfur compounds in the UTLS, their sources, and sinks.
Moreover, these results can contribute to improving simulations of the
radiation budget in the UTLS with respect to sulfur effects.
Vertical information of CO from TROPOMI total column measurements in context of the CAMS-IFS data assimilation scheme
Authors: Borsdorff Tobias , Campos Teresa , Kille Natalie , Volkamer Rainer , Landgraf Jochen
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Since 2017 the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) onboard ESA’s Copernicus Sentinel-5 satellite (S5-P) has provided the operational Carbon Monoxide (CO) data product with daily global coverage on a spatial resolution of 5.5 × 7 km2 (7× 7 km2 before August 2019). The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) plans to assimilate the retrieved total columns and the corresponding vertical sensitivities in the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service Integrated Forecasting System (CAMS-IFS) to improve forecasts of the atmospheric chemical composition. The TROPOMI data will primarily constrain the vertical integrated CO field (VCD) of CAMS-IFS but to a lesser extent also its vertical CO distribution as well. For clear-sky conditions, the vertical sensitivity of the TROPOMI CO data product is useful throughout the atmosphere but for cloudy scenes it varies due to cloud shielding and light scattering. To assess the profile information, we deploy a posteriori profile retrieval that combines individual TROPOMI CO column retrievals with different vertical sensitivities to obtain a vertical CO profile that is then a representative average for the chosen spatial and temporal domain. We demonstrate the approach on three CO pollution cases. For the so called “Rabbit Foot Fire” in Idaho on the 12 August 2018, we estimate a CO profile showing the pollution at an altitude of about 5 km in good agreement with airborne in-situ measurements of the Biomass Burning fluxes of trace gases and aerosols (BB-FLUX) field campaign. The distinct CO enhancement in a plume aloft, decoupled from the ground, is sensed by TROPOMI but is not present in the CAMS-IFS model. For a large-scale event, we analyzed the CO pollution from Siberian wildfires that took place from 14 to 18 August 2018. The TROPOMI data is estimating the height of the pollution plume over Canada at 7 km in agreement with CAMS-IFS. However, CAMS-IFS underestimates the enhanced CO vertical column densities sensed by TROPOMI within the plume by more than 100 ppb. Finally, we study the seasonal biomass burning in the Amazon. During the burning season (1–15 August 2019) the CO profile retrieved from the TROPOMI measurements agrees well with the one of CAMS-IFS with a similar vertical shape between ground and 14 km altitude. Hence, our results indicate that assimilating TROPOMI CO retrieval with different vertical sensitivities e.g., under clear-sky and cloudy conditions provide information about the vertical distribution of CO.
Dissolved organic matter composition regulates microbial degradation and carbon dioxide production in pristine subarctic rivers
Authors: Saarela Taija , Zhu Xudan , Jäntti Helena , Ohashi Mizue , Ide Jun'ichiro , Siljanen Henri , Pesonen Aake , Aaltonen Heidi , Ojala Anne , Nishimura Hiroshi , Kekäläinen Timo , Jänis Janne , Berninger Frank , Pumpanen Jukka
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) degradation in freshwater rivers and streams plays a major role in the global carbon cycle. However, little is known about how the source and composition of riverine DOM contribute to the production of greenhouse gases, especially in high-latitude areas with a large proportion of carbon-rich peatlands. Here, we conducted for the first time the combination of molecular-level characterization of terrestrially derived DOM and the potential carbon dioxide (CO2) production measurements in pristine subarctic rivers of Finnish Lapland. 21-day incubation studies were conducted with water samples taken from two rivers differing in DOM content during spring and fall 2018. The changes in the DOM concentration and molecular composition, as well as the CO2 production, were measured. The DOM molecular characterization was carried out using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Our results demonstrate efficient mineralization of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) into CO2 in mineral soil associated clearwater river during the incubation, while significantly lower CO2 production per DOC was observed in the brown-water river surrounded by peatlands. The limited degradability in the brown-water river was caused by a large number of terrestrial and aromatic compounds (i.e., highly unsaturated and phenolic compounds, condensed aromatics, and polyphenolics) from surrounding peatlands. In the clearwater river, the percentage of formulas assigned to aliphatics decreased over the incubation, indicating microbial utilization of biolabile DOM. This study highlights the importance of energy-rich, biolabile molecular compounds and the contribution of clearwater systems in the DOM degradation dynamics of subarctic catchments.
Quantifying the hydrological disturbances induced by snow grooming and snowmaking in ski resorts: a case study in the French Alps
Authors: Morin Samuel , François Hugues , Réveillet Marion , Sauquet Eric , Crochemore Louise , Branger Flora , Leblois Etiene , Dumont Marie
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The presence of a ski resort modifies the snow cover at the local scale, due to snow management practices on ski slopes, especially grooming and snowmaking, which affect the quantity and physical behavior of the snowpack. Snow management exerts two-fold disturbances to the local hydrological cycle, through (i) uptake of water used for snowmaking, either directly after uptake or following temporary storage and (ii) changes in water runoff due to added snow mass through snowmaking and/or delayed melting of the snowpack due to snow grooming. This induces a local pressure on water resources that can be substantial in places and fuels controversies regarding the environmental impact of ski resorts. However, no scientific study to date has quantified the quantitative and qualitative disruption of the local hydrological cycle downstream, concerning both the modification of the local seasonality of the flows (e.g. low water periods) and possible modifications of the volume of water returned. Here we describe results from a case study quantifying the various components of the water budget of a small catchment (several km2), partly covered by a ski resort, in the Northern French Alps. Snow cover simulations, including the timing and amount of snowmelt, were performed using the Crocus snow cover model driven by the SAFRAN reanalysis and future climate scenarios, with and without accounting for grooming and snowmaking. Our study demonstrates a visible impact of snow grooming, through the quasi-suppression of winter snowmelt, leading to delayed snowmelt onset. Snowmaking leads to additional snowmelt amount, of the order of a few percent at the scale of the catchment, scaling with the fraction of the catchment covered by ski pistes, and the fraction of the ski pistes equipped with snowmaking. Under the situation of the case studied, there is no substantial further water loss due to snowmaking after the snow production itself, which induces about 10 % of evaporative loss of water used for snowmaking, related to the snow production process. Snowmaking mainly leads to a moderate shift in snow cover formation and snowmelt processes, to a smaller degree than the influence of future climate change on mountain hydrology. This study provides quantitative estimates of the impact of grooming and snowmaking on the hydrological regime of mountain catchments interesected by ski resorts, which can inform further studies addressing water management and climate change adaptation in mountain regions harbouring ski tourism infrastructure.
Complex fault system revealed from 3-D seismic reflection data with deep learning and fault network analysis
Authors: Wrona Thilo , Pan Indranil , Bell Rebecca , Jackson Christopher A.-L. , Gawthorpe Robert , Fossen Haakon , Osagiede Edoseghe , Brune Sascha
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Understanding where normal faults are is critical to an accurate assessment of seismic hazard, the successful exploration for and production of natural (including low-carbon) resources, and for the safe subsurface storage of CO2. Our current knowledge of normal fault systems is largely derived from seismic reflection data imaging intra-continental rifts and continental margins. However, exploitation of these data is limited by interpretation biases, data coverage and resolution, restricting our understanding of fault systems. Applying supervised deep learning to one of the largest offshore 3-D seismic reflection data sets from the northern North Sea allows us to image the complexity of the rift-related fault system. The derived fault score volume allows us to extract almost 8000 individual normal faults of different geometries, which together form an intricate network characterised by a multitude of splays, junctions and intersections. Combining tools from deep learning, computer vision and network analysis allows us to map and analyse the fault system in great detail and a fraction of the time required by conventional interpretation methods. As such, this study shows how we can efficiently identify and analyse fault systems in increasingly large 3-D seismic data sets.
Analogue modelling of basin inversion: the role of oblique kinematics and implications for the Araripe Basin (Brazil)
Authors: Richetti Pâmela Cristina , Zwaan Frank , Schreurs Guido , Schmitt Renata S. , Schmid Timothy Chris
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Basin inversion is a process that takes place when a sedimentary basin is subjected to compressional stresses and may result in the reactivation of pre-existing faults and/or the localization of deformation along new reverse faults. The Araripe Basin (NE Brazil) is an example of a Cretaceous intracontinental aborted rift with its sedimentary infill found at ca. 1000 m altitude in the present day. Post-rift basin inversion is proposed as the cause of this topographic high, however how inversion mechanisms affected this basin is a matter of debate with two end member scenarios: reactivation of pre-existing normal faults leading to local uplift, or regional tectonic uplift. In this study, we conducted analogue models of basin inversion to test these scenarios. We present two series of crustal-scale brittle-viscous experiments: i) extension followed by compression without sedimentation, with a variation of rifting and inversion directions (orthogonal or 45° oblique) and ii) extension and compression with syn-rift sedimentation, with the same variation in rifting and inversion directions. We used a seed representing a structural weakness that was applied at the base of the brittle layer to localize deformation along the model axis. We found that orthogonal rifting without sedimentation forms through-going border faults, whereas oblique rifting creates initial en-echelon faults that eventually link up creating large border faults. Rift basins with syn-rift sedimentation evolved in a similar fashion, however sedimentary loading increased subsidence. During inversion, most deformation is accommodated along new low angle reverse faults. Within that framework, significant intra-graben fault reactivation occurred in models without sedimentation. By contrast, syn-rift sedimentation caused only minor reactivation of rift faults in oblique inversion since the sediments acted as a buffer during compression; no rift fault reactivation occurred in orthogonal compression situations. Comparing the existing scenarios for inversion in the Araripe Basin with our model results and field data show that these scenarios do not fully explain the natural example. Therefore, we propose an alternative scenario based on our models, involving oblique compression and the development of low angle reverse faults, which better explains inversion in the Araripe Basin.
Simulation of a fully coupled 3D GIA – ice-sheet model for the Antarctic Ice Sheet over a glacial cycle
Authors: van Calcar Caroline Jacoba , van de Wal Roderik S. W. , Blank Bas , de Boer Bas , van der Wal Wouter
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) has a stabilizing effect on the evolution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet by reducing the grounding line migration that follows ice melt. The timescale and strength of this feedback depend on the spatially varying viscosity of the Earth’s mantle. Most studies assume a relatively high laterally homogenous response time of the bedrock. However, viscosity is spatially variable with a high viscosity beneath East Antarctica, and a low viscosity beneath West Antarctica. For this study, we have developed a new method to couple a 3D GIA model and an ice-sheet model to study the interaction between the Solid Earth and the Antarctic Ice Sheet during the last glacial cycle. The feedback effect into account on a high temporal resolution by using coupling time steps of 500 years. We applied the method using the ice-sheet model ANICE, a 3D GIA FE model, and results from a seismic model to determine the patterns in the viscosity. The results of simulations over the Last Glacial Cycle show that differences in viscosity of an order of magnitude can lead to differences in grounding line position up to 500 km, to differences in ice thickness in the order of 1.5 km. These results underline and quantify the importance of including local GIA feedback effects in ice-sheet models when simulating the Antarctic Ice Sheet evolution over the Last Glacial Cycle.
The Weisweiler passive seismological network: optimised for state-of-the-art location and imaging methods
Authors: Finger Claudia , Roth Marco P. , Dietl Marco , Gotowik Aileen , Engels Nina , Harrington Rebecca M. , Knapmeyer-Endrun Brigitte , Reicherter Klaus , Oswald Thomas , Reinsch Thomas , Saenger Erik H.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Passive seismic datasets are a key technology for exploration and monitoring of subsurface reservoirs. Searching for alternative resources in the framework of the energy transition creates a surge for identifying as many potential sites as possible suitable for geothermal exploitation. The Lower Rhine Embayment, at the western border of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany, is an extensional system with a very high potential for geothermal exploitation. The area experiences moderate but continuous natural seismicity. Here, we report on a passive seismic dataset recorded with 48 seismic stations centred at and around Eschweiler-Weisweiler. Background seismic noise levels are high at this site due to high levels of anthropogenic noise and thick unconsolidated sedimentary layers. The final station layout is a compromise between targeted network design and suitably quiet locations. We show that the network design allows the application of state-of-the-art methods including waveform-based source location methods and ambient noise velocity imaging methods.