bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Inequality as a Political and Managerial Problem in the Development of Russian Regions. Part I
Authors: Bogdanov Vladimir
Published: December 2022

The relevance of studying the declared problem is due to the modern social request. The search for its solution becomes the task of the branch scientific discipline of the sociology of management.
This article invites you to familiarize yourself with the interim results of a longitudinal study of the phenomenon of social inequality in the context of studying the domestic management system through the attitude (assessment) of the political and management groups of the regions to the functioning of the established regional management systems, as well as through assessments of the accessibility of the population to basic social institutions (health, education, labor market, housing market). The study was initiated in 2014 at the Center for Sociology and Social Technologies of the IS RAS (hand. A. V. Tikhonov) as part of the Metaproject “Readiness of the domestic management system to solve the problems of modernization and economic development” and today has a monitoring status.
As part of the operationalization of concepts, a definition of the political and management group of activity was developed as determining and/or affecting with varying degrees the nature and quality of the political and management activities of the region in the context of the development of territories.
The basic social institutions are also defined as the basis for production and socio-reproducible (recreational) infrastructures that ensure social and economic efficiency in general, as well as the manageability of the socio-reproducible process at the regional level. To achieve the objectives of the first stage, a methodology was developed and presented for establishing criteria, as well as dominant signs of political and management groups of regions with different levels of socio-cultural development, namely, on the basis of tools and data from mass surveys (2014, 2017, 2020) of an all-Russian scale conducted as part of the implementation of the Metaproject.
The results of the second stage and the general conclusions of the study will be presented in the second part of the article in 2023.
Key Approaches to Identifying and Applying Criteria for Assessing Territorial and Socio-Territorial Inequalities in the Regional Context
Authors: Shilova Valentina
Published: December 2022

The author explains the difference between differentiating features of territories that give them peculiar features, and inequalities, that result in unequal access to benefits and needs for the inhabitants of some territories compared with the inhabitants of other territories. Thus, the author defines socio-territorial inequality as differences in material wealth, access to resources, cultural capital, political opportunities, participation in decision-making, etc., determined by the territorial affiliation of individuals, and consequently related to the inequality of the territories themselves. The author attributes regional socio-territorial inequalities to the residence of an individual in a particular region of Russia, with a certain level of development.
The article considers various approaches to identification and assessment of inequalities of territories and as a consequence of socio-territorial inequalities, it is proposed to allocate separate indicators («one-dimensional factors») of territorial characteristics in a group of factors («stratification complexes»): they are defined as belonging to one of the human habitats.
Based on the analysis of the data of a representative survey (conducted in 2019–2020 under the guidance of Prof. A.V. Tikhonov with the support of the RNF grant 19-18-00945) using secondary conceptualization, the author demonstrates inequality in 14 regions of Russia in assessing the state of affairs (by 11 indicators) in labour relations, health, education, law, order and security.
Using the method of paired correlations (Spearman), the author establishes a link between assessments of the state of affairs in a separate system of vital activity and evaluation of management of work on solving problems in a given system. It thus confirms its assumption that the regional management system is a directional process, the evaluation of which involves the assessment of the very situation in a given area.
Mongolian Migrants in the USA: “American Dream” or Modern Model of Nomadism
Authors: Aktamov Innokentii , Vinokurova Anna , Orolmaa Munkhbat
Published: December 2022

This study is devoted to the analysis of the migration practices of Mongolian citizens moving to the United States. The main purpose of this article is to identify and characterize the main factors contributing to emigration, as well as to describe the practices that have developed among Mongolian migrants in the recent historical period. The relevance of this topic is determined by the peculiarities of the socio-economic development of Mongolia, its strategic and geopolitical significance in the AsiaPacific region. The authors attempted to give a general description of the trends inherent in migration processes in terms of socio-economic and socio-cultural parameters. The objectives of the study are to identify the features of the adaptation practices of Mongolian migrants in the United States, to identify places of compact residence, as well as to build individual strategies in the host society. Particular attention in the study is paid to the analysis of official statistics, studies conducted by international organizations. The results obtained allow us to formulate scenarios for the predictive development of migration flows in the context of changes in the international political and economic situation.
ENGELLİ SAĞLIK KURULU RAPORU (ESKR) OLAN ÇOCUKLARIN AİLELERİNİN ÇOCUKLAR İÇİN ÖZEL GEREKSİNİM RAPORU (ÇÖZGER) SÜRECİNDE BİLDİRDİĞİ DENEYİM FARKLILIKLARI
Authors: ÖZALP AKIN Ezgi , SANDIKÇI İSKENDERLİ Hale , ATASOY Sıdıka Canan , YAĞBASAN Betül , KELEŞ Cansu , BİNGÖLLER PEKCİCİ Emine Bahar
Published: December 2022

Giriş: Engelli Sağlık Kurulu Raporu (ESKR) Yönetmeliği bilimsel, hukuki ve etik sorunları ve çocukları erişkinlerle aynı yöntemle değerlendirmesi nedeniyle kaldırılmış, Çocuklar için Özel Gereksinim Raporu (ÇÖZGER) Yönetmeliği yürürlüğe girmiştir. Her iki Yönetmelik ile rapor almış çocukların ailelerinin deneyim farklılıkları bilinmemektedir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel desendeki araştırmaya 20.02.2019-20.07.2019 tarihleri arasında Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı Gelişimsel Pediatri Bilim Dalı’nda (AÜGPBD) ÇÖZGER, öncesinde ESKR raporu alan çocukların aileleri dahil edilmiş, ÇÖZGER aldıktan üç ay sonra araştırmacı tarafından aile telefon ile aranarak ÇÖZGER ve önceki ESKR süreçlerindeki deneyimleri yarı-yapılandırılmış bir görüşme ile öğrenilmiştir.

Bulgular: Araştırma süresince AÜGPBD’da ÇÖZGER düzenlenen 661 çocuktan 110’unun daha önce ESKR’si olup ailesine ulaşılan 104 (%94,5) çocuk araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur (%53,8 kız, yaş ortancaları:4,7 yıl, dağılım:8 ay- 17,7 yıl). Çocukların %99’unun farklı sistemlerde kronik hastalığı bulunmaktadır. Çoğu annenin (%73,1) eğitim düzeyi 12 yılın altında ve çalışmamaktadır (%77,9). Ailelerden %68,3’ü ESKR, %9,6’sı ÇÖZGER ile ilgili sorun yaşadığını bildirmiştir. ESKR sürecinde sorunların nedenlerini ailelerin %35,6’si rapor sürecinin uzunluğu, %33,7’si ESKR yönetmeliğinde çocukların tanısının bulunmaması %20,2’si “ağır engelli” tanımıyla çocuğunu damgalanmış hissetmesi, %9,6’sı çocuğunun yaşının küçük olması nedeniyle gelişiminin değerlendirilmemesi, %6,7’si hastane sekreteryasının konsültasyonlara karar vermesi olarak bildirmiş; %19,2’si ESKR’ye yasal olarak itiraz etmiştir. ÇÖZGER sürecinde ailelerin %4,8’i ÇÖZGER’deki gereksinim düzeylerinin rehberlik araştırma merkezleri (RAM) ve %3,8’i kaymakamlıkta anlaşılmaması, %2,0’ı rapor sürecinin uzunluğu ve %1,0’ı RAM e-rapor sisteminde gereksinim düzeyinin görülmemesini sorun bildirmiştir. Örneklemin %37,5’i daha önce ESKR ile araçta vergi indirimi, engelli aylığı gibi sosyal haklardan yararlanamıyorken ÇÖZGER ile bu haklara ulaştığını bildirmiştir.

Sonuç: Araştırmamız özel gereksinimi olan çocuklar ve ailelerinin ESKR Yönetmeliği döneminde önemli sorunlar yaşadığını ve ÇÖZGER Yönetmeliği ile önceki yönetmelikte saptanan sorunların tamamına yakını ortadan kalktığını göstermektedir. ÇÖZGER sürecindeki az sayıda sorun bu alandaki sağlık çalışanları, RAM ve yerel yönetimlerin bilgi yetersizliğine işaret etmekte, acil olarak gerekli düzenlemelerin ve eğitimlerin yapılması gerekmektedir.
ESTATUTO DA CIDADE: (IN)APLICAÇÃO NA AMAZÔNIA LEGAL
Authors: Bazzoli João Aparecido
Published: December 2022

Buscou-se com este artigo propor debate e reflexões acerca do Estatuto da Cidade, especialmente sobre os desafios da sua (in) aplicação pelos municípios da Amazônia legal. Foi necessário pela amplitude do tema proceder um recorte e destacar dois pontos: a função social da propriedade e a regularização fundiária urbana; entendendo-os como pontos de maior relevância nesta legislação. A metodologia qualitativa aplicada ao estudo partiu da análise do Estatuto, destacando questões como: a sua longa duração no trâmite para aprovação, mais de uma década, e a estratégia de seu encaminhamento ao Senado Federal, por não ser comum o ingresso de Projetos de Lei por esta Casa Legislativa, que acabou por desarticular as ações contrárias promovidas pelos empresários imobiliários, que vinham demandando ações para evitar a sua aprovação. Com esse estudo foi possível constatar que a referida legislação não alcançou, ao menos como deveria ter alcançado, os pequenos municípios, especialmente aqueles com população menor de vinte mil habitantes, visto que não estão obrigados a elaborar o Plano-Diretor Municipal. Este fato notório contribuiu para os resultados constatados sobre os pequenos avanços conquistados e a considerável (in) aplicação dos instrumentos do Estatuto nas áreas urbanas da Região da Amazônia legal.
MODERNIZING RELIGION AND CULTURE: SUTAN TAKDIR ALISJAHBANA’S PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF VALUES
Authors: Jegalus Nobertus
Published: December 2022

The mind is the most unique thing that differentiates a human being from an animal and it isthrough the mind as such humans improve their life quality. This is why modernizing religionand culture is indeed seen as a project of developing rationality which is one of six value groups in human beings’ lives. Rationality, in turn, gives birth to science, science technology, and finally, technology is used to develop humans’ economy and to support any advancement in various dimensions of human beings’ lives. For Islam, rationality is not something new because Islam is a rational religion. Rationality is, therefore, unique to Islam and it is not in contrast with Islam. In that sense, modernity as a major fruit of rationality is not against Islam. Learning from the West, that is, its science and technology, therefore, is necessary for Indonesia to be a modern nation, particularly in such fields as religion and culture.
ON BEING MUSLIM AMERICANS
Authors: Chusna Aidatul , Riyanti Erni Dewi
Published: December 2022

The arrival of immigrants from various countries and continents to America has become part of a very long history for this country. In fact, the United States was founded by group of immigrants. History accounts the arrival of Muslim immigrants in America in several waves; nonetheless, Islam and Muslims remained foreign for American people. For Muslim Immigrants, the tragedy of September 11 (2001) had profoundly impacted them. They endure prejudices, discrimination, verbal abuse, and hate crimes due to the increasing Islamophobia among American society. The study highlights a group of young Muslims known as Mipsterz (Muslim Hipsters) and examines how Mipsterz becomes a site for negotiating identity as a Muslim American. Started as a small group of Muslim youngsters from New York City in 2012, Mipsterz develops into a space for minorities to speak up and define themselves through their creative works. Unluckily, along with the growing number of white supremacists, Islamophobia and negative stereotypes are keep growing and felt by Muslim Americans, even among American-born Muslim generations. Mipsterz aims to keep producing stories and marginalized voices to the fore front of American public, as its members do not want to be identified either Muslims or Americans; they are Muslim Americans.
Building The House of The Nation’s Civilization with Peace as The Foundation
Authors: Mutaqi Ahmad Saifudin
Published: December 2022

Resistance to Indonesia's diversity can still be seen in the various incidents of intolerance and discrimination that occurred with political and religious backgrounds. There have been a number of issued government regulations that led to various interpretations and resulted in unjust public services, especially for some minority groups. It is not necessary for the government to impose restrictions on a person's basic religious practices or beliefs and regulate what kind of clothing a woman should wear, nor do they need to regulate what the physical form of a place of worship should be. Likewise, fellow citizens who interpret these regulations by themselves have the potential to decrease the public order. Hence the role of the state officials in enforcing the law is very important to achieve a peaceful society. Culturally, the reconciliation mechanisms in society can be developed when there is a desire to carry out a healthy dialogue. People are used to talking about different basic matters and they are respecting these differences so that they can work together for the benefit of the society. Dialogue is a communication process that considers semantic and pragmatic principles, where conversations with mutual understanding, acceptance, peaceful life and cooperation for mutual prosperity will arise. The atmosphere of a peaceful life is an important foundation for constructing a "house" of the nation's civilization. An important question that needs to be answered in this research is "what is the attitude of Islam in building peace to achieve the nation’s civilization?" This study seeks to explore the practical experiences of community life carried out by religious minority groups in responding to generally unfavorable situations. The research sources involved personal experiences and the spiritual leader’s statements that is implemented by the community members. It is hoped that the conclusion of this study will provide a positive and inspirational picture for the joint efforts of building the civilization of the society
ISLAM IN EGGONLAND: A Survey into Its Development and Prospects
Authors: Sule Mohammed Maga
Published: December 2022

Little has so far been discussed or written about Islam and Muslims in Eggonland. This is in marked contrast to other ethnic groups in the state which share similar characteristics being a Muslim community that attracted attention from scholars of either Muslim or non-Muslim. The aim is paper is to ascertain the Islam in Eggonland Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow.  It has been found that unlike the Erro Eggon clan which have almost 97% of its population being Muslims, Muslim population are not many as that of the Eggon Erro especially among the Anzo, Eholo clan, and it is only in communities that belong to Eggon Erro that large proportion of Muslims communities are found. This paper attempts to provide the much-lacking information on the spread and development of Islam in Eggonland. The paper discussed the coming of Islam, the means through which Islamization process took place and the establishment of Muslim communities in Eggonland, it also shows to the world true picture of Islam among the Eggon people. Detail attention has been given to the factors which contributed to the spread of Islamic teachings in Eggonland including the role of Muslim scholars, both within and outside Eggonland, Muslim organisations, etc. Equally important in this paper is the contributions of Muslim organizations in the development of Islamic education in Eggonland where schools that combine both Islamic and Western education were established. The paper sum up that, the prospects of Islam lies in the devotion of young generation to the learning of Islamic knowledge in Eggonland with the establishment of formal Islamic schools that produces Da’is who can speak the Eggon language fluently. The paper adopted qualitative methodology and desk review where In-depth Interview were conducted with few personalities to obtain data for the research
A Synergistic pH-Responsive serum albumin-based drug delivery system loaded with doxorubicin and pentacyclic triterpene betulinic acid for potential treatment of NSCLC
Authors: Torres-Martinez Zally , Pérez Daraishka , Torres Grace , Estrada Sthephanie , Correa Clarissa , Mederos Natasha , Velazquez Kimberly , Castillo Betzaida , Griebenow Kai , Delgado Yamixa
Published: December 2022

Nanosized drug delivery systems (DDS) have been studied as a novel strategy against cancer due to their potential to simultaneously decrease drug inactivation and systemic toxicity and increase passive and/or active drug accumulation within the tumor(s). Triterpenes are plant-derived compounds with interesting therapeutic properties. Betulinic acid (BeA) is a pentacyclic triterpene which has great cytotoxic activity against different cancer types. Herein, we developed a nanosized protein-based DDS of bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the drug carrier combining two compounds: doxorubicin (Dox) and the triterpene BeA using an oil-water-like micro-emulsion method. Spectrophotometric assays were performed to determine protein and drug concentrations in the DDS. The biophysical properties of these DDS were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy confirming nanoparticle (NP) formation and drug loading into the protein structure, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency was 77% for Dox and 18% for BeA. More than 50% of both drugs were released within 24 h, at pH 6.8, while less drug was released at pH 7.4 in this time period. Co-incubation viability assays of Dox and BeA alone for 24 h demonstrated synergistic cytotoxic activity in the low μM range against the non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) A549 cells. Viability assays of the BSA(Dox+BeA) DDS demonstrated a higher synergistic cytotoxic activity than the two drugs with no carrier. Moreover, confocal microscopy analysis confirmed cellular internalization of the DDS and nucleus accumulation of the Dox. We determined the mechanism of action of the BSA(Dox+BeA) DDS, confirming S-phase cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, caspase cascade activation, and downregulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression. This DDS has the potential to synergistically maximize the therapeutic effect of Dox and diminish chemoresistance induced by EGFR expression using a natural triterpene against NSCLC.
Concentration Analysis of Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Gas into Natural Gas (Hydrogen)
Authors: Furlan Jacqueline , Siqueira Adriano Francisco , Romão Estaner Claro
Published: December 2022

The annual energy matrix has been changing in the last years because of the necessity of less dependence on fossil fuels, which are running out on the planet. Therefore, a study was started to simulate the most efficient production of H2 through COMSOL Multiphysics®, as it is a gas that in the future will be essential to supply the world's energy necessities, due to its easy to get and insert in piped gas pipes. From this study, we were able to present an optimization of parameters that presents good indications of how to obtain efficient hydrogen production in an idealized reactor.
A Fresh View at Sports PSM-Systems
Authors: Savostyanov Vladimir , Kobelev Alexander
Published: December 2022

The syndrome of heart chronic physical overstrain is the condition of functional disadaptation, which a coach must diagnosis by himself. If he misses the development of this condition (especially for juniors) then subsequent training or competitive activities may cause development of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and increase the risk of sudden cardiac death. The syndrome of heart chronic physical overstrain is the main reason of «professional sports aging».
Germination and Early Growth of Acacia nubica Benth. In vitro
Authors: Sir El-Khatim Ali Kauther , Daffalla Hussien M. , Osman Magdoleen G. , Musa Abdulahafiz
Published: December 2022

Acacia nubica is well-adapted to harsh conditions and offers valued socio-economic and environmental benefits. This research studied seed germination and seedling growth of A. nubica in vitro in response to the application of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite, sucrose, and Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The synchrony, percentage, and rate of germination of A. nubica seed were studied. Seedling development was assessed by measuring the shoot, root, and number of nodes. Sodium hypochlorite at 10% produced the maximum germination percentage, while 5% induced a faster and more uniform emergence. Sucrose has various effects on seed emergence and germination depending on the concentrations; 30 g/L elicited the highest germination, while 10 g/L improved seed emergence rate with higher uniformity. The highest seed germination was achieved on ¼-MS medium, although 0-MS strength recorded faster and more synchronized germination. The development of A. nubica seedlings was influenced by MS medium strengths and sucrose concentrations. Full MS medium produced the highest shoot length and the highest vigor index with the addition of 20 g/L sucrose and the maximum root length with 50 g/L sucrose. Also, 30 g/L sucrose gave the maximum number of nodes and the maximum root/shoot ratio. However, ½-MS strength yields the highest seedling biomass with 30 g/L sucrose. This is the first successful report on the seed germination and seedling growth of A. nubica in vitro.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in French Polynesia and Perspective for Vaccine Strategies
Authors: Aubry Maite , Maset Noémie , Chapman Lloyd , Simon Aurélie , Olivier Sophie , Bos Raphaëlle , Chung Kiyojiken , Teiti Iotefa , Kucharski Adam , Mallet Henri-Pierre , Cao-Lormeau Van-Mai
Published: December 2022

In French Polynesia, Wuhan, Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants-of-concern (VOCs) caused epidemics with variable severities. We assessed the prevalence and titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies related to natural infection and/or vaccination, from a representative sample (N=673) of the adult population of Tahiti recruited during November-December 2021 (after the Delta outbreak and just before the Omicron epidemic). Of the 673 participants tested, 644 (95.7%) had detectable antibodies against SARS-CoV-2-S and/or -N proteins resulting from natural infection and/or vaccination, and 388 (57.7%) were positive only for the detection of anti-N antibodies indicating natural infection. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence extrapolated to the adult population of Tahiti was estimated at 95.9%. Concentrations of anti-SARS-CoV-2-S antibodies significantly increased with age, number of self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infections (0 or ≥1), and number of COVID-19 vaccine doses (0, 1, 2, or 3) received by the participants. Elderly people, who are at higher risk of severe outcomes, had received more vaccine doses than younger individuals both in our sample and in the general population. The high level of antibody responses related to past infections and vaccination, especially booster doses, has likely contributed to reducing the severity of the Omicron outbreak in French Polynesia.
Differences in Civic and Citizenship Education Between Latin American and European Countries
Authors: Castro-Aristizabal Geovanny , Esteban Gregorio Giménez , Celi Juan Pablo Sánchez , Acosta-Ortega Felipe
Published: December 2022

The objective of this research article is to determine if social and cultural capital are factors that cause inequalities in the level of knowledge in civic and citizenship education, between Latin American and European countries. To achieve this purpose, information from the National Study of Civic and Citizen Education -ICCS-, of the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement -IEA-, of the year 2016, is used. Methodologically speaking, the Educational Production Function -EPF- is estimated and subsequently, the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition technique is applied to quantify the differences in civic and citizenship education and see how much they are explained by the characteristics of the student and their family. the school, the social and cultural capital. As a main result, educational inequalities were found in favor of European countries, and are due to a greater extent to differences in school resources, between Latin American and European countries, followed by differences in social and cultural capital, therefore, it is the European students who make the best use of and benefit from the differences in school endowments and in social and cultural capital.
The Regulation of Defendant’s Religious Identity in Court Decisions
Authors: Sutrisno Nandang , Heryansyah Despan , Hadi Sahid , M. Cason Christopher
Published: December 2022

This study focuses on using religious attributes in the trial process of corruption cases in Indonesia, the judge’s consideration of the decency of a defendant, and the regulation of a defendant’s religious identity in the court decision. By identifying the judge’s perspective on a defendant's religious attributes and aspects of decency as an interpretative scheme and constructing their significance on it, this study also presents an analysis of the application of the principle of impartiality of judges and courts based on the Bangalore Principles. Impartiality itself is positioned as the bedrock of judicial integrity. With a field-based research method, this study reveals that religious identity has influenced judges and court decisions, especially considering mitigating factors in criminal sentencing. These findings indicate that the Bangalore Principles fall short of clear guidelines to counter such bias and a clear framework in Indonesia’s judiciary to restore its integrity.
Legal Protection of Indigenous Community in Protected Forest Areas Based Forest City
Authors: Jamin Mohammad , Jaelani Abdul Kadir , Quang Ly Duc , Gershaneck Kerry
Published: December 2022

Indonesia has established regulations regarding the location of the National Capital. However, the important question is whether the Law is effective and whether the transfer of the National Capital has provided legal protection for indigenous peoples in the area designated as the National Capital. This study aims to analyze the protection of customary law communities in urban forest-based protected forest areas. This research is normative legal research, which uses secondary data with primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The study results show that the state must finalize the Law on the State Capital, which also regulates the legal protection of Indigenous Peoples as a lex specialis provision. The Law on the State Capital must formulate norms that automatically guarantee the determination of the legal status of indigenous and tribal peoples.
Comparison of Functional Recovery Between Unicompartmental and Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Pongcharoen Boonchana , Liengwattanakol Pongsathorn , Boontanapibul Krit
Published: December 2022

Background:

Comparisons of functional recovery between unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using performance-based tests are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to compare 2-minute walk test (2MWT) and Timed Up-and-Go test (TUG) results between UKA and TKA for isolated medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that UKA yields faster functional recovery than TKA as measured with the 2MWT and TUG.

Methods:

We conducted a randomized controlled trial comparing medial UKA and TKA in patients with isolated medial knee OA. A total of 110 patients were enrolled; after 11 exclusions, 99 patients (50 UKA, 49 TKA) were included in the final analysis. The patients were tested using the 2MWT and TUG preoperatively and at 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months, and 1 and 2 years postoperatively. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were also evaluated. The mean 2MWT, TUG, and PROM results were compared between groups at each time point.

Results:

The mean 2MWT distance after UKA was significantly longer than that after TKA at 6 weeks (96.5 ± 22.6 m for UKA compared with 81.1 ± 19.1 m for TKA; difference, 18 m [95% confidence interval (CI),10.4 to 25.6 m]; p < 0.001), 3 months (102.1± 24.4 compared with 87.5 ± 22.3 m; difference, 14.7 m [95% CI, 5.4 to 24.0 m]; p = 0.002), and 6 months (102.8 ± 16.2 compared with 89.6 ± 15.3 m; difference, 13.2 m [95% CI, 6.9 to 19.5 m]; p < 0.001). The values at 1 and 2 years were similar after UKA and TKA. The mean TUG after UKA was also significantly shorter than that after TKA at 6 weeks and 3 months. The mean PROMs were similar after both treatments, with the exception of the Oxford Knee Score and subscales of the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score at 6 weeks and 3 months postoperatively.

Conclusions:

The 2MWT indicated that UKA for isolated medial knee OA enabled faster recovery than TKA did at 6 weeks to 6 months, and earlier recovery was also seen with the TUG at 6 weeks to 3 months. The 2MWT and TUG results after UKA and TKA were similar to one another at 1 and 2 years.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Development of a Scale: Self-Efficiency of English Language Teachers for the Education of Gifted Students
Authors: Girgin İrem , Ilgaz Gökhan
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study is to develop a scale to measure Self-Efficiency levels of the English Teachers for the Education of gifted students. This research in survey method was carried out with 352 volunteer English Language Teachers (291 women, 61 men) who worked in the 2020-2021 academic year in the Educational Institutions related to the Ministry of National Education in Turkey. To find out validity and reliability of the scale the data set was randomly divided into two. As the result of EFA analysis on the first data set a two-dimensional scale was obtained. The structure obtained was confirmed in the second data set. As a result of discriminant validity test and convergent validity test on both data sets, the scale was found acceptable. After the validity processes, reliability processes were also applied for both separate data sets. For the whole scale, the Cronbach's alpha data coefficient was found as 0.88 in the first data set and it was found 0.87 in the second data set. Results of the analysis revealed that, the Self-Efficiency of the English Teachers for the Education of Gifted Students Scale provides valid and reliable results
Collaborative Writing on Google Docs: Effects on EFL Learners’ Descriptive Paragraphs
Authors: Valizadeh Mohammadreza
Published: December 2022

Google Docs has recently been suggested as an efficient collaborative tool for group writing. This experimental quantitative study, including pretest-treatment-posttest design, aimed at comparing the effects of collaborative writing on Google Docs and individual writing practice on EFL learners’ descriptive paragraphs. The participants were 48 Turkish EFL learners at pre-intermediate level of proficiency, based on their performance on Oxford Placement Test. The participants were assigned to two groups. One group, including 24 participants, experienced collaborative writing on Google Docs plus researchers’ comments as feedback (CWGD group). The other group, including 24 participants, experienced individual writing practice plus researcher’s direct corrective feedback (IWP group). The results of the independent samples t-test indicated that the CWGD group significantly outperformed the IWP group. In conclusion, collaborative writing Google Docs environment can enhance the writing skill of the EFL learners. Therefore, the study highly recommends utilizing collaborative writing on Google Docs to practice English language writing skill.
Analysis of Code Switching and Code Mixing Translation Quality in Yowis Ben Film Structure
Authors: Swandani Arina , Nababan M.R. , Santosa Riyadi
Published: December 2022

This research aims to: 1) identifying type and function of code switching and code mixing in Yowis Ben (2018) and Yowis Ben 2 (2019) film structure, and 2) determining translation quality of code switching and code mixing Javanese-Indonesian into English subtitles for Yowis Ben (2018) and Yowis Ben 2 (2019) films. Primary data in this study consists of two; linguistic data and translation data. Linguistic data was obtained through content analysis and translation data was obtained through FGD (Forum Group Discussion). The results show that there are two kinds of code switching and three kinds of code mixing found in the films. Furthermore, there are 14 functions of code switching and code mixing used in the films. In translating code switching and code mixing, the translator used several techniques, including neutralization, modulation, paraphrasing, transposition, implicitation, explicitation, compensation, and description. From the results, the researcher found that most of the data are translated less accurate. However, the acceptability and readability aspects are in high level.
Attitudes of Prospective EFL Teachers toward Teaching Profession
Authors: Masadeh Thouqan Saleem
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to investigate Saudi Pre-service EFL teachers' attitudes toward the teaching profession. Viewpoints of Forty-two student teachers enrolled in the "Practicum" course offered by Najran University were investigated. Results of gathered data analysis showed that the attitudes of participating subjects were positive due to many factors. Among these factors is their belief that the EFL teaching profession is one of the most popular professions in Saudi Arabia. They seemed sure that EFL teaching as a noble, prestigious, and interesting profession would make them proud of themselves as teachers of English. In addition, their hope to be able to try applying their gained pedagogical and academic knowledge from teacher training courses at university significantly affected their positive attitudes. Therefore, the majority of them believed that with some kind of professional commitment, they would be successful EFL teachers.
Speech Acts in Announcements of Supermarkets and Hypermarkets in Bangkok during the COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Wongthai Nuntana
Published: December 2022

This qualitative study aims to investigate speech acts in announcements posted at supermarkets and hypermarkets in Bangkok, Thailand during the COVID-19 outbreak, under the framework of the speech acts theory. The communicative functions and hidden intentions in the language used are also examined. At the data collection stage, the definitions of ‘supermarket’ and ‘hypermarket’ were applied to determine the sources. Then, announcements posted at the entrances to branches of supermarkets and hypermarkets in Bangkok were collected during the period of April 1 - 30, 2020, by taking photographs. The criterion for collecting the announcements was that they had to be information relating to activities stores dealing with the pandemic. The total number of announcements found was 239. After the elimination of those with identical content, 32 announcements were used for the analysis. The findings show four types of speech acts: representatives, directives, expressives, and commissives. Such acts perform the communicative functions of informing customers about sanitary measures, requesting cooperation in following government regulations, expressing feelings toward customers, and showing the determination to operate the business in an ethical manner. The indirect speech acts help reveal the intentions of the stores to create a positive image. The study also reveals characteristics of Thai society in terms of hierarchy and solidarity. The study has implications for knowledge of language use during crises and provides insight into the power of language to communicate things over and above literal meanings.
A Genre Pedagogy for Teaching Young EFL Learners of English Village of Parit Baru
Authors: Aunurrahman Aunurrahman , Kusumaningsih Citra , Sahrawi Sahrawi , Hafis Maliqul , Emilia Emi
Published: December 2022

This case study aimed to find out the implementation of a genre pedagogy under systemic functional linguistics (SFL) framework or under Sydney School to teach the English language to young English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners of English Village of Parit Baru, Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan. Fifty-two young EFL learners were involved in this study. The data collection used two instruments, namely participant observations and documentation. The data analysis reveals that genre pedagogy elements could help the young EFL learners in constructing and communicating their texts independently. Also, the learners’ texts are following the schematic structures and linguistic features of the spoken genres the learners learned. To help the learners to cope with the teaching activities, songs and games activities were used to build their interest in the English language, new vocabulary, and practices to communicate their texts. This means that a genre pedagogy under the SFL framework could be integrated with joyful activities that not only provide guidance but also promote enjoyable learning in building the English language capacities of the young EFL learners in a non-formal educational context.
Does the English Textbook for Young Learners in Indonesia Promote Gender Equality?
Authors: Maesaroh Dwi Titi , Asih Yuni Utami , Suhatmady Bibit
Published: December 2022

Education is a critical area in promoting gender equality to the young generation of this country. The curriculum that promotes gender equality could be represented in a textbook as a teaching material resource commonly used in Indonesia. This study is a critical discourse analysis that examines the gender representation in the English textbook for the third grade of primary school in order to discover whether or not the textbook promotes gender equality. The data were collected from “Grow With English” English book 3 published by Erlangga Publisher. The data in the forms of pictures, words, phrases, and sentences were then analyzed qualitatively by using Fairclough’s three dimensional frameworks and Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics. The findings revealed that: the examined textbook represents genders equally in terms of the quantity in which females and males are portrayed equally in pictorial representation and names of characters. In terms of social roles of job positions, male and female are also portrayed occupying various professional occupations such as doctors, fire fighters, police officers, and so on. However, the portrayals of male and female in domestic roles and activities are still stereotypical in which females are portrayed doing more domestic activities and less active, while males are portrayed doing more active outdoor activities. These results may have the implication that the English teachers for young learners could improvise by providing more understanding about gender equality while using the textbook.
Apologies and Compliment Responses: A Case of Pre-service EFL Teachers
Authors: Turhan Burcu , Tuncer Hülya
Published: December 2022

Apology may be defined as “a compensatory action for an offense committed by the speaker which has affected the hearer” (Marquez-Reiter, 2000, p. 44), and a compliment is another speech act "which explicitly or implicitly attributes credit to someone other than the speaker... which is positively valued by the speaker and the hearer" (Holmes, 1986, p. 485). The focus of this paper is to find out which strategies are employed by Turkish pre-service EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teachers while apologizing and responding to compliments especially with equal-status interlocutors, and whether these strategies show differences between females and males. Written Discourse Completion Test (WDCT) was administered to 27 pre-service EFL teachers. The WDCT included six apology and seven compliment response scenarios. The data were analyzed mainly by using the framework of Blum-Kulka and Olshtain (1984) for apologies, and the coding scheme by Ruhi (2006) for compliment responses. Main findings of the study suggest that the participants frequently used the strategy of regret while apologizing, and they preferred to use appreciation strategy while responding to compliments. In addition, chi-square test was applied to see any significant differences between the strategies of females and males in apologizing and responding to compliments. This gender-based comparison resulted in no statistical difference except for only one of the apology scenarios. The overall results imply that investigating pragmatic knowledge of students majoring in ELT through their speech act realizations is vital and may be the first step for organizing appropriate interventions aiming at improving and expanding their pragmatic knowledge.
The Impact of Back-translation Instruction with Collaborative Activities on Iranian English Students’ Translation Achievement
Authors: Mohammadi Hesam , Beiki Maryam , Keyvanfar Arshya
Published: December 2022

The present quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design investigated the impact of back-translation teaching with collaborative activities on Iranian English translation students’ translation achievement. To this end, 30Iranian EFL translation students studying at Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch were nominated based on convenience sampling. The Oxford Placement Test (OPT) and a translation pretest were directed to inspect the contributors’ homogeneity prior to the treatment. The groups were assigned to the Collaborative Back-translation Group (CBTG n=15) and Back-translation Group (BTG n=15). During 16 sessions, CBTG experienced back-translation with collaborative activities as a treatment, whereas the BTG experienced only back-translation every session. After the treatment stage, the participants were given a translation posttest. The study also examined the participants’ attitudes toward collaborative activities implementation via semi-structured interviews and tried to assess some students’ perceptions towards collaborative activities and the instructional practices in the university context. The qualitative analysis revealed that most learners preferred collaborative tasks in their classrooms. The quantitative analysis showed that the CBTG outdone the BTG in translation ability. The result of the present research had some implications for the teachers and students in translation pedagogy. As for the theoretical aspect, this study can provide some hints for researchers interested in developing a comprehensive model for the L2 translation process. Considering the practical implications, all the instructors could employ a set of collaborative activities in their translation classes. Collaborative activities create translating opportunities where students exchange meaning, suggest feedback, and offer enhanced output for revealing the meaning.
EFL Students’ Perception Towards Online Learning: What to Consider?
Authors: Saputra Eko , Saputra Dwi Bayu , Handrianto Ciptro , Agustinos Putri
Published: December 2022

The outbreak of the deadly coronavirus at the end of 2019 (Covid-19) has pushed many education institutions to do a radical transformation by moving all forms of their services, particularly teaching from traditional face-to-face mode to completely online foreign language teaching. This research aims to investigate Indonesian students’ perception of online learning and the three most challenging problems they encountered when enrolling in it under the context of English as Foreign Language students. Based on a review of the literature on online learning and students’ perception, a questionnaire was constructed and distributed to 57 students that had enrolled in an online course via google form along with a question asking the three most challenging problems they encountered during the course. Analysis of the responses demonstrated that most of the students had a positive perception of online learning. The three most challenging problems the students encountered were signal (internet connection), money (financial ability), and comprehension (comprehending the course) respectively. The result indicates that online learning can be a reliable solution for the teaching and learning process during a pandemic. However, in applying it, the campus must consider an alternative solution for the students who live in the bad internet connection area. Supporting them with subsidies, or free internet packages can help them to keep studying during a hard time. Lastly, teachers must work hard to ensure that their teachings are understandable so that their students will not get lost during the learning process.
CHANGE IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIGITAL AGE GOVERNANCE AND POSTMODERNISM
Authors: DORU Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Serkan , YILDIRIM Burak , YAZAR Ahmet
Published: December 2022

Postmodernism started to show its effect in the social, economic, political and administrative fields after the 1970s. Especially, demonstrated the need for change in the managerial field by bringing a postmodern understanding of Public Administration to the face of the modern understanding of Public Administration. Postmodern Public Administration increased its dominance in the 1980s as a result of the introduction of an understanding of public business in front of an understanding of public service. But with the 1990s, the increase in the idea that the understanding of the operator is not enough has led to the process of evolving management into governance. By 2000, the awareness of the effectiveness of knowledge and technology on a social basis led to a new radical change. The structuring of Digital Age Governance, the foundations of which were laid out by Dunleavy et al. in 2005, opened the door to a radical change in postmodern public administration. In this direction, it is considered that there are indirect and direct relations between Digital Age Governance and postmodernism. Based on this idea, in this study, it is aimed to determine the relationship between Digital Age Governance and postmodernism as a result of evaluating similarities and differences.

JEL Classification Codes: D73, N40, O38
Comparison of the Shooting Angles and Shooting Accuracy in Wheelchair Basketball and Basketball Players
Authors: Özdalyan Fırat
Published: December 2022

Shot accuracy is very important for success in wheelchair basketball (WB) and basketball games. The kinematics of the ball affects the shot accuracy. The main purposes of this study are to comparethe kinematics of the ball according to the outcomes of WB and basketball players’ shots and comparethe shooting accuracy of WB and basketball players. Male senior athletes (17 basketball, 6 WB) voluntarily participated in the research. Participants made static shots from 6 spots (n=1515) and the analyses were made. The shots were separated into 4 groups. The first group contained the “Clean Shot”s (CS) which the ball goes into the hoop with no or 1 hit to the rim. The second contained all the “Success” shots (S) but CS. The third contained “Missed” shots, the ball hit to the rim. Fourth contained the rest of the missed shots (Air Ball). Reliable and valid 94fifty Smart Sensor Basketball was used in this research. For both WB and basketball players, CS angles were significantly higher than other shots and no significant difference was found between S angles and unsuccessful shots. CS angles of WB players were significantly higher than basketball players. This research showed that the entry angle affects CS for both sports. It is thought that it may raise CS and shooting percentage if coaches train their players by taking entry angles into consideration. Another finding of this study was CS angles of WB players are higher than basketball players. The reason for this may be the more active, hence more improved, upper extremity motor skills of the WB players.