bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Microalgae Chlamydomonas for Bioremediation and Bioproduct Production
Authors: Bellido-Pedraza Carmen M , Torres Maria J , Llamas Angel
Published: June 2024

The extensive metabolic diversity of microalgae, coupled with their rapid growth rates and cost-effective production, position these organisms as highly promising resources for a wide range of biotechnological applications. These characteristics allow microalgae to address crucial needs in both the agricultural, medical, and industrial sectors. Microalgae are proving to be val-uable in various fields, including the remediation of diverse wastewater types, the production of biofuels and biofertilizers, and the extraction of various products from their biomass. For decades, the microalga Chlamydomonas has been widely used as a fundamental research model organism in various areas such as photosynthesis, respiration, sulfur and phosphorus metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and flagella synthesis, among others. However, in recent years, the potential of Chlamydomonas as a biotechnological tool for bioremediation, biofertilization, biomass, and bio-products production has been increasingly recognized. Bioremediation of wastewater using Chlamydomonas presents significant potential for sustainable reduction of contaminants and fa-cilitates resource recovery and valorization of microalgal biomass, offering important economic benefits. Chlamydomonas has also established itself as a platform for the production of a wide va-riety of biotechnologically interesting products, such as different types of biofuels, and high-value-added products. The aim of this review is to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the potential of Chlamydomonas in these aspects, and to explore their interrelationship, which would offer significant environmental and biotechnological advantages.
Removal of organic pollutants by subcritical water under moderate conditions
Authors: Svarc Gajic Jaroslava , Brezo-Borjan Tanja , Jaksic Sandra , Despotovic Vesna , Fincur Nina , Bognár Szabolcs , Jovanovic Dusica , Sojic Merkulov Daniela
Published: June 2024

In this research the efficiency of degradation of different organic contaminant classes, including pesticides (tembotrione, clomazone), pharmaceuticals (ciprofloxacin, 17α-ethinyl estradiol) and mycotoxins (zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1), by subcritical water treatment, was studied in model systems. All experiments were conducted in a house-made batch type pilot reactor. The research was focused on the optimization of the treatment parameters by using moderate treatment conditions. Optimization of the remediation processes of water contaminated with 17α-ethinyl estradiol, tembotrione, clomazone, ciprofloxacin, was conducted by testing different homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, as well as different gas atmospheres (nitrogen and carbon-dioxide) for pressurization of the process system. Mycotoxins in water were degraded without catalysts and all experiments were conducted in nitrogen atmosphere. Optimization was conducted by defining the optimal combination of the treatment temperature and time, oriented towards energy saving and minimization of the technical requirements. The degradation efficiency in all tested samples was determined by HPLC analysis.
Limiting Embodied Carbon during Construction Using QCEPM: A Case Study on Multi-storey Buildings
Authors: Xie Qimiao , Jiang Qidi , Kurnitski Jarek , Yang Jiahang , Lin Zihao , Ye Shiqi
Published: June 2024

As the largest contributor of carbon emissions in China, the building sector currently relies mostly on enterprises’ own effort to report carbon emissions, which usually results in challenges related to information transparency and workload for regulatory bodies, who play an otherwise vital role in controlling the building sector’s carbon footprint. In this study, we established a novel regulatory model known as QCEPM (Quantitative Carbon Emission Prediction Model) by conducting multiple linear regression analysis using the quantities of concrete, rebar, and masonry structures as independent variables, and the embodied carbon emissions of a building as the dependent variable. We processed the data in the detailed quantity list of 20 multi-story frame-structure buildings and fed them to QCEPM for solution. Comparison of the QCEPM-calculated results against the time-consuming and error-prone manual calculation results suggested a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 2.26%. Using this simplified model, regulatory bodies can efficiently supervise the embodied carbon emissions in multi-storey frame structures by setting up carbon quota for a project in its approval stage, allowing the construction enterprise to carry out dynamic control over the audited three most important building materials throughout a project’s planning and implementation phase.
Potential Utility of a 4th Generation EGFR-TKI and Exploration of Resistance Mechanisms – an In Vitro Study
Authors: Fukuda Shota , Suda Kenichi , Hamada Akira , Oiki Hana , Ohara Shuta , Ito Masaoki , Soh Junichi , Mitsudomi Tetsuya , Tsutani Yasuhiro
Published: June 2024

The emergence of acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs is almost inevitable even after a remarkable clinical response. Secondary mutations such as T790M and C797S are responsible for the resistance to 1st/2nd generation (1/2G) TKIs and 3G TKIs, respectively. To overcome both the T790M and C797S mutations, novel 4G EGFR-TKIs are now under early clinical development. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of a 4G EGFR-TKI in the treatment of lung cancer with EGFR mutation as well as explored resistance mechanisms to a 4G TKI. First, we compared the efficacies of seven TKIs including a 4G TKI, BI4020, against Ba/F3 cell models that simulate resistant tumors after frontline osimertinib treatment failure because of a secondary mutation. We also established acquired re-sistant cells to BI4020 by chronic drug exposure. Ba/F3 cells with an osimertinib-resistant secondary mutation were refractory to all 3G TKIs tested (alflutinib, lazertinib, rezivertinib, almonertinib, and befotertinib). BI4020 inhibited the growth of C797S-positive cells; however it was not effective against L718Q-positive cells. Erlotinib was active against all Ba/F3 cells tested. In the analysis of resistance mechanisms of BI4020 resistant (BIR) cells, none harbored secondary EGFR mutations. HCC827BIR cells had MET gene amplification and were sensitive to a combination of capmatinib (MET-TKI) and BI4020. HCC4006BIR and H1975BIR cells exhibited epithelial to mesenchymal transition. This study suggests that erlotinib may be more suitable than 4G TKIs to overcome sec-ondary mutations after front-line osimertinib. We found that off-target mechanisms that cause re-sistance to earlier generation TKIs will also cause resistance to 4G TKIs.
Existence and multiplicity of nontrivial solutions for semilinear elliptic equations involving Hardy-Sobolev critical exponents
Authors: Fan Yonghong , Sun Wenheng , Wang Linlin
Published: June 2024

A class of semi-linear elliptic equations with critical Hardy-Sobolev exponent has been considered. This model is widely used in hydrodynamics and glaciology, gas combustion in thermodynamics, quantum field theory and statistical mechanics, as well as gravity balance problems in galaxies. The $\left( PS\right) _{c}$ sequence of energy functional has been investigated, and then the mountain pass lemma was used to prove the existence of at least one nontrivial solution. Also a multiplicity result has been obtained. Some known results have been generalized.
Surface Characterization of Nanostructured ITO Films of Oxygen Plasma Gas by Magnetron Sputtering for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Applications
Authors: Poonthong Wittawat , Mungkung Narong , Tanitteerapan Tanes , Maneepen Threerapong , Songruk Apidat , Siricharoenpanich Anumut , Arunrungrusmi Somchai , Kasayapanand Nat
Published: June 2024

The surface characterization of indium tin oxide (ITO) films was processed by oxygen (O2) plasma gas using a magnetron sputtering method of varying O2-plasma gas from 20 sccm to 100 sccm for potentially fostering in electronic devices applications on dye-sensitize solar cells (DSSC) in this work. In order to gain an outstanding performance rate with high-quality thin films, the affect of correlation between the electrical, optical, and morphology properties was significantly investigated. Clearly, the content of investigation exhibited that the films properties was changed by variation of the gas composition. These changes have contemporary relevance to the sputtering gas during the deposition process. To conclude, the greatest electrical properties was displayed by O2 -plasma gas flow rate of 20 sccm, which showed the lowest resistivity. In addition to this, the final products were practically fabricated to active layers for dye-sensitize solar cells (DSSC) applications. The highest efficiency of DSSC device was indicated of approximately 0.35% which was located by 40 sccm of the O2-plasma gas. Consequently, the study could be a possibility way of preparing ITO thin films with improved special properties of substantial applications for solar cells devices in the near future.
Conservative Management of Bowel Endometriosis: Cross-Sectional Analysis for Assessing Clinical Outcomes and Quality-of-Life
Authors: Ceccaroni Marcello , Baggio Silvia , Capezzuoli Tommaso , Albanese Mara , Mainardi Paride , Zorzi Carlotta , Foti Giovanni , Barra Fabio
Published: June 2024

Background/Objectives Bowel endometriosis (BE) is defined as the presence of endometrial-like tissue in the muscular layer of the bowel wall. When BE does not cause severe obstruction to fecal transit, not leading to (sub)occlusive symptoms, the decision to operate becomes challenging as intestinal surgery is associated with higher complication rates and long-term bowel dysfunction. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) in patients with BE undergoing medical therapy or expectant management, investigating the impact of characteristics of BE nodules on QoL and intestinal function. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 580 patients with BE who did not undergo surgery but were treated conservatively by medical therapy or expectant management between January 2017 and August 2022. The diagnosis of BE was done by transvaginal ultrasound and confirmed at double contrast barium enema. After at least one year of follow-up, QoL and intestinal function of patients were evaluated by the Endometriosis Health Profile-5 (EHP-5) questionnaire and Bowel Endometriosis Symptom score (BENS), whereas pain symptoms were assessed by the Visual Analogic Scale (VAS 0-10). Statistical analysis was performed to investigate possible associations between QoL and characteristics of bowel nodules (dimension, location, and evidence of stenosis) as well as type and length of eventual medical therapy. Results Patients with BE had a satisfying overall QoL with a mean EHP-5 score of 105.42 ± 99.98 points and VAS lower than 3 for all pain domains; additionally, they did not show a significant impartment of bowel function with mean BENS score of 4.89 ± 5.28 points. Notably, patients under medical therapy had a better QoL than patients without therapy (p
The Cardiac Pulsed Wave Doppler Pattern of the Common Femoral Vein in the Diagnosis of the Likelihood of Severe Pulmonary Hypertension: Results from a Prospective, Multicen-Tric Study
Authors: Torres Arrese Marta , Barberá Rausell Pablo , Li-Zhu Jie-Wei Óscar , Dueñas Rocío Salas , Real Martín Alma Elena , Martínez Arantzazu Mata , Moreno Begoña Gonzalo , Nuñez Joaquín Hernández , Luordo Davide , Sánchez Cano Juan Gabriel , Villén Villegas Tomás , Caurcel-Díaz Luis Balbino , Garcia-Casasola Sánchez Gonzalo , Tung Chen Yale
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives: Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is a clinical condition with high mortality rates, particularly in patients over 65. Current guidelines recommend assessing the Probability of Pulmonary Hypertension (PHP) using advanced echocardiography, before pro-ceeding to right heart catheterization. This study proposes using the common femoral vein (CFV), an accessible vein that reflects right atrial pressure, as an alternative method to assess the like-lihood of severe PHP. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study included 175 emergency patients from three hospitals. Ultrasound assessed the Pulsed Wave Doppler (PW-Doppler) morphology of the CFV. This diagnostic yield for high PHP was evaluated along-side traditional ultrasound parameters (right-to-left ventricular basal diameter ratio greater than 1 (RV>LV), septal flattening, right ventricular outflow acceleration time of less than 105 ms and/or mesosystolic notching, pulmonary artery diameter greater than the aortic root diameter or over 25 mm, early pulmonary regurgitation maximum velocity >2.2 m/s, TAPSE/PASP less than 0.55, in-ferior vena cava (IVC) diameter over 21 mm with decreased inspiratory collapse, and right atrial (RA) area over 18 cm²). Results: The CFV's PW-Doppler cardiac pattern correlated strongly with high PHP, showing a sensitivity (Sn) of 72% and a specificity (Sp) of 96%. RA dilation and TAPSE/PASP < 0.55 also played significant diagnostic roles. Conclusions: The CFV's PW-Doppler cardiac pattern is an effective indicator of high PHP, allowing reliable exclusion of this condition when absent. This approach could simplify initial PHP evaluation in emergency settings or where echocardiographic resources are limited.
Generation, characterisation and identification of bioactive peptides from Mesopelagic fish protein hydrolysates using in silico and in vitro approaches.
Authors: Hayes Maria , Naik Azza Silotry , Mora Leticia , Iñarra Bruno , Ibarruri Jone , Bald Carlos , Cariou Thibault , Reid David G. , Gallagher Michael , Dragoy Ragnhild , Galino Jorge , Deya Alba , Albrektsen Sissel , Thoresen Lars , Solstad Runar Gjerp
Published: June 2024

Bioactive peptides are sequences of amino acids, cut from the parent protein with en-zymes or high pressure processing that can impart a tertiary health benefit to the con-sumer that goes beyond basic human nutrition. This study explores mesopelagic fish in-cluding Maurolicus muelleri and Benthosema glaciale as sources of peptides with an-ti-inflammatory, heart health beneficial, antioxidant and other bioactivities. Bioactive peptides were generated post-catch using different enzymatic hydrolysis processes ap-plied to mesopelagic species caught from experimental cruises targeting these fish. Maurolicus muelleri and Benthosema glaciale were the dominant species processed. Bi-oactive hydrolysates included a Maurolicus muelleri Alcalase hydrolysate and a Maurolicus muelleri autolysis. Hundreds of peptide sequences were identified using mass spectrome-try from active hydrolysates. In silico analysis was used to rank identified peptide se-quences in terms of overall bioactivity using Peptide Ranker, anti-inflammatory activity using PrepAIP, ability to impart Umami flavours with Umami-MRNN and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitory potential using AntiDMPpred . Thirty peptides were selected fol-lowing in silico analysis. Several of the selected peptides had sequence homology with peptides derived from other fish proteins including Atlantic salmon (peptide QCPLHR-PWAL) and thin-lipped mullet (peptide FDAFLPM). Seven peptides predicted to have an-ti-inflammatory, anti-type 2 diabetes or Umami potential using in silico strategies were chemically synthesized and their anti-inflammatory activities confirmed using in vitro bioassays with COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. The peptide QCPLHRPWAL inhibited COX-1 and COX-2 by 82.90% (+/-0.54) and 53.84% respectively and had a selectivity index greater than 10. This peptide warrant further research as a novel anti-inflammatory/pain relief peptide. Other bioactivities associated with DPP-IV inhibition and Umami flavours de-velopment are discussed. Identified peptides offer potential for use in functional foods or topical agents to prevent pain and inflammation associated with diseases like psoriasis, arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, however further research in vivo is required.
The Ubiquitination of arrestin3 within the Nucleus Triggers the Nuclear Export of Mdm2, Which, in Turn, Mediates the Ubiquitination of GRK2 in the Cytosol
Authors: Kundu Dooti , Min Xiao , Zhang Xiaohan , Tian Xinru , Wang Shujie , Kim Kyeong-Man
Published: June 2024

GRK2 and arrestin3, key players in the functional regulation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are ubiquitinated by Mdm2, a nuclear protein. The agonist-induced increase in arrestin3 ubiquitination occurs in the nucleus, underscoring the crucial role of its nuclear translocation in this process. Agonist-induced increase in the ubiquitination of arrestin3 occurs in the nucleus, highlighting the pivotal role of its nuclear translocation in this process. In contrast, GRK2 cannot translocate into the nucleus, thus facilitating the cytosolic translocation of nuclear Mdm2 is required to ubiquitinate GRK2 in the cytosol. Among the cellular components and processes explored, arrestin, Gβγ, clathrin, and receptor phosphorylation were required for the nuclear import of arrestin3, ubiquitination of arrestin3 in the nucleus, nuclear export of Mdm2, and the ubiquitination of GRK2 in the cytosol. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that agonist-induced ubiquitination of arrestin3 in the nucleus is interconnected to the cytosolic GRK2 ubiquitination.
Chemokine CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) Signaling and Diabetic Encephalopathy
Authors: Wątroba Mateusz , Grabowska Anna D , Szukiewicz Dariusz
Published: June 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease in humans, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide in parallel with the obesity pandemic. A lack of insulin or insulin resistance, and consequently hyperglycemia, leads to many systemic disorders, among which diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a long-term complication of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by cognitive impairment and motor dysfunctions. The role of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the pathomechanism of DE has been proven. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) has unique properties as an adhesion molecule and chemoattractant, and by acting on its only receptor, CX3CR1, it regulates the activity of microglia in physiological states and neuroinflammation. Depending on the clinical context, CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling may have neuroprotective effects by inhibiting the inflammatory process in microglia or, conversely, maintaining/intensifying inflammation and neurotoxicity. This review discusses the evidence supporting that the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 pair is neuroprotective and other evidence that it is neurotoxic. Interrupting the vicious cycle within neuron-microglia interactions may be a therapeutic goal in DE by limiting the inflammatory response.
Citizen Science in Meteorology: Enhancing Weather Understanding through Innovative Instrumentation and Community Engagement
Authors: Loglisci Nicola , Milelli Massimo , Iurato Juri , Galia Timoteo , Galizia Antonella , Parodi Antonio
Published: June 2024

Citizen science has emerged as a potent approach for environmental monitoring, leveraging the collective efforts of volunteers to gather data at unprecedented scales. Within the framework of the I-CHANGE project, MeteoTracker, a citizen science initiative, was employed to collect and analyze meteorological measurements. This paper presents the results of our analysis, demonstrating the effectiveness of citizen science in generating valuable environmental data. Through MeteoTracker, volunteers contributed to a comprehensive dataset, enabling insights into local weather patterns and trends. Our findings underscore the potential of citizen science to augment traditional monitoring efforts and inform decision-making processes in environmental research and management. The paper discusses the methodology employed, including data collection and statistical analysis techniques. Results highlight the reliability and accuracy of citizen-generated data, as well as the strengths of the MeteoTracker platform. The implications of our findings for environmental research, policy development, and public engagement are discussed, along with recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of citizen science initiatives in environmental monitoring.
Exploring the Project Management Office for Hail Public Construction Projects, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghaseb Mohammed , Alali Hisham
Published: June 2024

The Saudi Vision 2030 is critical to boosting national development, notably in the construction industry. The construction industry is getting a lot of attention in a variety of ways, the most visible of which is the promotion of best practices, including project management office (PMO) applications. Hail province, like others, is experiencing project delivery issues. Thus, the purpose of this research is to explore the suitable PMO model for Hail public construction projects. A literature review included the drive factors for establishing PMO in construction firms, as well as PMO models and typologies that describe functions. Therefore, those drive factors and PMO models were subjected to a focus group to explore their suitability in the context of Hail. The research findings reveal that the Enterprise PMO is the main for Hail public construction pro-jects, followed respectively by the Program Management Office model and the Project Management Center of Excellence (PMCOE). This method of selection a PMO model is driving construction companies and related businesses to change in order to improve the sector while also ad-dressing construction project delivery challenges in Hail province.
Trends and Perspectives on Nuclear Waste Management: Recovering, Recycling and Reusing
Authors: Terranova Maria Letizia , Tavares Odilon A.P.
Published: June 2024

This paper focuses on the highly radioactive, long-lasting nuclear waste produced by the currently operating fission reactors and on the way to deal with the sensitive issue of spent fuel reprocessing. The review includes a short description of the fission process and a detailed analysis of the more hazardous radioisotopes produced either by secondary reactions occurring in the nuclear installations or by decay of the fission fragments. Also outlined are the strategies presently adopted to minimize the harmfulness of the nuclear waste to be disposed and discussed advanced options and possible solutions proposed for the recycling of the used fuel and for the reusing of some technologicaly relevant radioisotopes.
Distribution and Comprehensive Risk Evaluation of Cr, CD, Fe, Zn, and Pb from Al Lith Coastal Seawater, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharbi Talal , El-Sorogy Abdelbaset S. , Al-Kahtany Khaled
Published: June 2024

Seawater contamination is a global challenge due to its hazardous effects on marine organisms and human health. Twenty-three surface seawater samples were collected from Al Lith intertidal area along the Saudi Red Sea coast to evaluate the ecological risks and document the potential sources of Cr, Cd, Fe, Zn, and Pb. Contamination factor (CF), contamination degree (Cd), water quality index (WQI), and heavy metal pollution index (HPI), as well as multivariate tools were applied. The averages of HMs (μg/L) had the following order: Zn (6.616) > Pb (0.284) > Cd and Cr (0.268) > Fe (0.197). Results of CF showed moderate contamination of seawater with Cd and low contamination for Cr, Fe, Zn, and Pb. However, 26.09% of the samples showed considerable contamination for Cd. Average Cd values revealed low contamination for HMs, while 17.39% of the samples showed moderate contamination. HPI average values indicated medium pollution for Al Lith seawater, meanwhile 13 samples reported high pollution. The higher HPI values were reported in samples characterized by higher concentration of HMs, particularly Cd and Zn. Correlation matrix and principal component analysis suggested anthropogenic sources for Pb and Zn, mostly from industrial and agricultural effluents, landfilling and domestic wastewaters, apart from their natural sources.
Crosstalk among WEE1 Kinase, AKT, and GSK3 in Nav1.2 Channelosome Regulation
Authors: Singh Aditya K. , Singh Jully , Laezza Fernanda
Published: June 2024

The signaling complex around voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels includes accessory proteins and kinases crucial for regulating neuronal firing. Previous studies showed that one such kinase, WEE1—critical to the cell cycle—selectively modulates Nav1.2 channel activity through the accessory protein fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14). Here, we tested whether WEE1 exhibits crosstalk with the AKT/GSK3 pathway for coordinated regulation of FGF14/Nav1.2 channel complex assembly and function. Using the in-cell split luciferase complementation assay (LCA), we found that the WEE1 inhibitor II and GSK3 inhibitor XIII reduce FGF14/Nav1.2 complex formation, while the AKT inhibitor triciribine increases it. However, combining WEE1 inhibitor II with either one of the other two inhibitors abolished its effect on FGF14/Nav1.2 complex formation. Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings of sodium currents (INa) in HEK293 cells co-expressing Nav1.2 channels and FGF14-GFP showed that WEE1 inhibitor II significantly suppresses peak INa density, both alone and in the presence of triciribine or GSK3 inhibitor XIII, despite the latter inhibitors’ opposite effects on INa. Additionally, WEE1 inhibitor II slowed the tau of fast inactivation, and caused depolarizing shifts in the voltage dependence of activation and inactivation. These phenotypes either prevailed or were additive when combined with triciribine but were outcompeted when both WEE1 inhibitor II and GSK3 inhibitor XIII were present. Concerted regulation by WEE1 inhibitor II, triciribine and GSK3 inhibitor XIII were also observed on long-term inactivation and use-dependence of Nav1.2 currents. Overall, these findings suggest a complex role for WEE1 kinase—in concert with the AKT/GSK3 pathway—in regulating the Nav1.2 channelosome.
Laser Machining at High ∼PW/cm2 Intensity and High Throughput
Authors: Zheng Nan , Buividas Ričardas , Huang Hsin-Hui , Stonyte Dominyka , Palanisamy Suresh , Katkus Tomas , Kretkowski Maciej , Stoddart Paul R. , Juodkazis Saulius
Published: June 2024

Laser machining by ultra-short (sub-ps) pulses at high intensity offers high precision, high throughput in terms of area or volume per unit time, and flexibility to adapt processing protocols to different materials on the same workpiece. Here we consider the challenge of optimization for high throughput: how to use the maximum available laser power and larger focal spots for larger ablation volumes by implementing a fast scan. This implies the use of high-intensity pulses approaching ∼PW/cm2 at the threshold where tunnelling ionization starts to contribute to overall ionization. A custom laser micromachining setup was developed and built to enable high speed, large area processing and easy system reconfiguration for different tasks. The main components include laser, stages, scanners, control system, and software. Machining of metals such as Cu, Al, or stainless steel, and fused silica surfaces at high-fluence and high-exposure doses at high scan speeds up to 3 m/s were tested for the fluence scaling of ablation volume, which was found to be linear. Modified surfaces are color-classified for their appearance, which is dependent on surface roughness and chemical modification. Such colour-coding can be used as a feedback parameter for industrial process control.
Ghrelin/GHSR System in Depressive Disorder: Pathologic Roles and Therapeutic Implication
Authors: Pan Xingli , Gao Yuxin , Guan Kaifu , Chen Jing , Ji Bingyuan
Published: June 2024

Depression is the most common chronic mental illness and is characterized by low mood, insomnia, and affective disorders. However, the pathological mechanisms of depression remain unclear. Numerous studies have suggested that the ghrelin/GHSR system may be involved in the pathophysiologic process of depression. Ghrelin plays a dual role in the experimental animals, increasing depressed behavior and decreasing anxiety. By combining several neuropeptides and traditional neurotransmitter systems to construct neural networks, it modifies signals connected to depression. The present review emphasizes the role of ghrelin in neuritogenesis, astrocyte protection, inflammatory factor production, and endocrine disruption in depression. Furthermore, ghrelin/GHSR can activate multiple signaling pathways to produce antidepressant effects, including cAMP/CREB/BDNF, PI3K/Akt, Jak2/STAT3, and p38-MAPK. Given the antidepressant effects of ghrelin/GHSR1a system, it is expected to become a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of depression.
POI Culprit Is POSSIBLY Gene Mutation: A Literature Review
Authors: Miao Chuhan , Fang Qiwen , Kang Qi , He Jianxun
Published: June 2024

This review article delves into the multifaceted nature of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), a condition marked by diminished ovarian function before age 40, underscoring the complexity of its aetiology encompassing genetic, autoimmune, infectious, and environmental factors. A significant focus is placed on the potential role of single-gene mutations, such as those in FMR1, BMP15, and GDF9, in the pathogenesis of POI, highlighting the intricate interplay between genetics and ovarian health. The article also explores innovative therapeutic avenues, including the activation of dormant follicles in vitro, offering hope for fertility restoration in affected individuals. Despite the prevalence of traditional treatments, such as Chinese medicine and hormone therapy, in China, these approaches often need to meet therapeutic needs, underscoring the urgency for advanced research and tailored treatment strategies. The discovery of a pituitary tumour-associated POI case further complicates the diagnostic landscape, suggesting a broader diagnostic lens and more in-depth research to unravel the complex underpinnings of POI and enhance patient care.
Retrospective Study of Maxillary Sinus Augmentation Using Demineralized Tooth Block Bone for Dental Implant
Authors: Choi Hyunsuk , Sohn Dong-Seok
Published: June 2024

(1) Background : When placing implants in the maxillary posterior region with insufficient alveolar bone, a maxillary sinus elevation is necessary. Autogenous bone, though biologically ideal, poses risks and discomfort due to donor site harvesting. Block-type autogenous tooth bone graft material, made from the patient’s own extracted tooth, offers similar biological stability without these drawbacks; (2) Methods : This study observed the progress of 19 implant patients who were treated with maxillary sinus elevation procedures using block-type autogenous tooth bone graft material at the Daegu Catholic University Medical Center. Extracted teeth were processed into demineralized tooth block bone. After elevating the sinus membrane, implants and the tooth bone graft material were placed in the space, and the bony window was repositioned. Postoperative evaluations through clinical observation and radiographic imaging assessed sinus membrane elevation, alveolar bone height increase, and implant osseointegration; (3) Results : Results showed proportional increases in alveolar bone height to the graft material size, with long-term stability. No postoperative complications occurred, even with sinus membrane perforation, and implants remained stable; (4) Conclusions : The study concludes that maxillary sinus lifts using block-type autogenous tooth bone graft material provide excellent bone induction and biocompatibility, making it a highly beneficial method for both dentists and patients.
Assessing Hydrodynamic Resistance in Microfluidics: A Case Study
Authors: Ogheard Florestan , Daugbjerg Thomas Schrøder , Sluše Jan , Geršl Jan , Wippold Jose A. , Silverio Vania
Published: June 2024

Hydrodynamic resistance is a critical parameter in microfluidics, affecting device functionality and performance. However, quantifying hydrodynamic resistance in microfluidics is a challenge due to many influencing factors and the difficulties associated with the precise measurements of low flow rates (< 10 L/min) and pressure drops (< 5 kPa). This article presents a simple experimental test method for assessing hydrodynamic resistance, correlating with theoretical and numerical calculations. The results demonstrate good agreement between benchtop and theoretical data, suggesting a potential standardized method for assessing hydrodynamic resistance in microfluidic devices.
Antioxidant Properties of Biodiesel-Diesel Blends and Non-Isothermal Kinetic Studies of Schiff-Based Isatin-Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives
Authors: Karakullukcu Nalan Turkoz , Muglu Halit , Yakan Hasan , Yilmaz Volkan Murat , Ince İkbal Agah
Published: June 2024

Biodiesel has several drawbacks, such as being prone to oxidation, having reduced stability, and having limited storage time. Antioxidants compatible with biodiesel are being used to address its drawbacks. The use of antioxidants in biodiesel has a significant impact on the environment and economy, especially in promoting sustainable energy. The study used blends consisting of 20% biodiesel and 80% diesel fuel. Isatin-thiosemicarbazones were tested as additives in blends at a concentration of 3000 parts per million (ppm) using an oxifast device. Comparing them to the chemical antioxidant Trolox. FT-IR, DSC, and TGA were used to characterize these samples. DSC measured sample crystallization temperatures (Tc). Samples with antioxidants showed decreased values compared to the non-antioxidant diesel sample D100. Several DSC tests were conducted to determine the antioxidant strengths of various samples. The results showed that the FT-IR spectrum's antioxidant effect regions grow clearer with antioxidants. The extra antioxidant is effective. Biodiesel's oxidative stability improves with isatin-thiosemicarbazones at varying concentrations. The kinetics of thermal decomposition of isatin-thiosemicarbazones under non-isothermal conditions have been determined using the Kissinger, Ozawa, and Boswell techniques. The activation energies of compounds 1 and 2 were calculated 137–147 kJ mol-1 and 173–183 kJ mol-1, respectively.
Strategic Healthcare Workforce Planning in Light of Healthcare Inequalities: A Comparative Analysis of Workforce Planning Policy in Israel and Comparable OECD Countries
Authors: Lev Natan , Leeman Hannah M , Gonen Ofir , Davidovitch Nadav
Published: June 2024

There is a need for strategic healthcare workforce planning to address shortages and ensure universal health coverage, aiming to optimize work-force per population ratio, distribution, and competencies. Amidst rising demands exacerbated by aging populations and events like the COVID-19 pandemic, strategic workforce planning becomes crucial for addressing healthcare inequalities by forecasting needs, bridging skill gaps, and adapting to changing demographics and care models. Israel has invested in strategic planning to tackle healthcare workforce challenges; however, globally there is insufficient planning informed by health labor market analysis, which hinders efforts to address healthcare inequalities. The paper reviews national policies in Israel, Australia, Germany, and Norway, ex-amining statistics and government publications to highlight strategic plan-ning considerations and address challenges in healthcare workforce plan-ning. This paper focuses both on the critical role of physicians in healthcare systems, and on the changing borders between healthcare professions and different national contexts which demand more context dependent strategic workforce planning. We highlight common themes among national policies, including the need for data collection, increasing the capacity of domestic training programs, and the need to address geographic maldistribution of physicians. Ultimately, we aim to guide policy in the development of a re-silient and sustainable healthcare workforce capable of meeting diverse community needs and promoting equity in healthcare services.
A Novel First-Principles Molecular Dynamics Approach for Testing the Attraction Forces in Hydrogen Storage on a 2D Material at Different Temperatures
Authors: Viquez Alma Lorena Marcos , Torres Osiris Salas , Solís Luis Fernando Magaña
Published: June 2024

Our study utilized density functional theory (DFT) to explore a 2D MoP2 surface for hydrogen storage. Optimization determined a gravimetric capacity for pristine MoP2 of 5.72%, with an adsorption energy of ‒ 0.13 eV/molecule. For this surface with 12.5% Mo vacancies, we achieved 6.02% and ‒ 0.14 eV/molecule. We then introduced a novel criterion to test the attraction forces in hydrogen storage at a given temperature. This involved a first-principles molecular dynamics approach at various temperatures. To determine the number of molecules adsorbed on the surface at temperature T1, we conducted an FPMD calculation at T1, using the optimization as the initial system configuration. Subsequently, we performed a second FPMD calculation at a temperature T2 (with T2 ‹‹ T1), using the stable configuration of the first FPMD calculation as the initial configuration. If there were attraction forces on the molecules, they would move towards the surface. We identified as adsorbed molecules at temperature T1, only those that moved back toward the surface at temperature T2. The defective surface gave the best gravimetric capacity, ranging from 5.27% at 300 K to 6.02% at 77 K. The latter met the requirement from the US-DOE, indicating the potential practical application of our research in hydrogen storage.
Therapeutic Opportunities in Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Valero-Diaz Sara , Amato Camilla , Casar Berta
Published: June 2024

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of T-cell lymphomas characterised by high relapse rates and no curative treatments unless the allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The main complication in the management of this kind of malignancy is the variability that characterises the genetic and clinical features among the CTCL subtypes. JAK/STAT, MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, and NF-kB are those signalling pathways that are found altered in CTCL and that are responsible for promoting both T-cell malignancy and the pro-tumorigenic microenvironment. Thus, targeting key players of these pathways can be an advantageous therapeutic option for CTCL. In this review, we aim to summarise the different approaches that precisely inhibit the kinases of each cited signalling. JAK inhibitors seem to be the most promising kinase inhibitors for CTCL. However, adverse events have been reported especially in patients with immunosuppression or an underlying autoimmune disease. More studies are needed, especially clinical trials, to investigate the benefits of these drugs for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.
Stakeholder Engagement and its Impact on Supply Chain Sustainability in the Context of Renewable Energy
Authors: Reynolds Samantha
Published: June 2024

This study explores the role of stakeholder engagement in enhancing supply chain sustainability within the renewable energy sector. Through a qualitative research approach, including in-depth interviews with key stakeholders such as government agencies, industry associations, renewable energy companies, community groups, and environmental organizations, the research reveals the complexity and significance of effective stakeholder engagement. Stakeholders highlighted diverse motivations, including environmental, social, economic, and regulatory concerns, driving their participation. The study underscores the importance of tailored engagement strategies that recognize stakeholder heterogeneity and address specific needs and expectations. Collaborative approaches, such as public-private partnerships and multi-stakeholder initiatives, were identified as crucial for pooling resources, sharing knowledge, and addressing common challenges. However, challenges related to power imbalances, conflicting interests, and communication barriers were also noted. Government policies and regulatory frameworks were found to play a pivotal role in shaping stakeholder engagement practices and sustainability outcomes. Regulatory uncertainty and inconsistency were cited as significant concerns that could undermine sustainability initiatives. Community engagement emerged as a critical factor, with local communities often directly impacted by renewable energy projects. Meaningful engagement, including consultation and benefit-sharing mechanisms, is essential for building trust and securing social acceptance. Emotional intelligence and marketing strategies were recognized as important tools for effective stakeholder engagement, emphasizing the role of empathy, active listening, and clear communication. The findings of this study highlight the need for a holistic and integrated approach to stakeholder engagement and supply chain sustainability in the renewable energy sector. By addressing diverse stakeholder needs, fostering collaboration, and aligning policies with sustainability goals, stakeholders can work together to accelerate the transition towards a more sustainable energy future.
Development of Foam Composites from Flax Gum-Filled Epoxy Resin
Authors: Musa Corentin , Zaidi Mohammed , Depriester Michael , Allouche Yamina , Naouar Naim , Bourmaud Alain , Baillis Dominique , Delattre François
Published: June 2024

In the present work, an innovative range of foams, based on flax gum-filled epoxy resin was developed, reinforced or not by flax fibers. Foams and composites with different gum and epoxy resin contents were produced and characterized for mechanical and thermal performances. To enhance the organic flax gum filler's cross-linking, we exploited the oxidized components' reactivity with the amine hardener (isophorone diamine). We compared the materials obtained with those derived from the native components. Flax gum and fibers were primarily characterized by chemical analysis, NMR, and FTIR to evaluate the mild oxidation of native materials. The formation of chemical bonds between oxidized polymer chains, epoxy resin, and hardener has been evidenced by FTIR, and the materials were then studied by SEM, X-ray computed micro-tomography (CT), and submitted to mechanical and thermal tests. The relevance of oxidation treatment was highlighted, through a significant increase in density and mechanical performances (+36% and +81%, respectively for the 100% flax gum material). The positive effect of flax fibers on homogeneity evidenced through micro-CT analysis was also clearly addressed. This set of promising results paves the way for future development of fully flax-based insulation composite materials.
Using a Syndemics Perspective to (Re)conceptualize Vulnerability during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review
Authors: Hernandez Barrios Yisel , Perez Chacon Dennis , Molina Gomez Yosiel , Gryseels Charlotte , Verdonck Kristien , Peeters Grietens Koen , Nieto-Sanchez Claudia
Published: June 2024

Syndemics theory has been applied to study interactions between biomedical and social factors leading to clustering of diseases. Because syndemics theory focuses on interactions that enhance risk, the concept of vulnerability is central to this approach. We conducted a scoping review to better understand how syndemics theory helped to define, operationalize, and tackle issues of vulnerability during the COVID-19 pandemic. Original research, review, and opinion pieces elaborating on syndemics, vulnerability and COVID-19, published between December 2019 and October 2022 and available in PubMed, were eligible. We analysed 40 records and identified three framings of syndemics operating during this period: (1) interactions between COVID-19, diseases/health conditions and specific social factors; (2) interactions between COVID-19 and social determinants of health; and (3) impacts of COVID-19 on specific populations. Emerging conceptualizations described vulnerability to COVID-19 as a systemic issue; explained the impact of COVID-19 control measures on increased vulnerability; and presented COVID-19 as a syndemic on its own. However, this theory's potential for deepening our understanding of vulnerability during this pandemic was constrained by superficial explorations of the interactions between biomedical and social spheres, and insufficient theoretical and methodological support from the social sciences.
Risk Management and Assessment Hybrid Framework for Business Process Reengineering Projects: Application in Auto-Motive Sector
Authors: Hicham RAFFAK , Abdallah LAKHOUILI , Mohamed MANSOURI
Published: June 2024

This study introduces an integrated method for managing process risks in a Business Process Reengineering (BPR) project, using Robust Data Envelopment Analysis (RDEA) and machine learning (ML). The goal is to prioritize risks based on three standard factors of PFMEA: Severity, Occurrence, and Detection (S-O-D), and incorporating two additional factors (Breakdown Cost and Breakdown Duration) seen as undesirable outputs. The model also accounts for the effect of uncertainty on expert-estimated values by applying disturbance percentages in the linear PFMEA-RDEA model. A machine learning model is proposed to predict new values if partial or total modifications have been made to the processes. The approach was implemented in an au-tomotive sector company, and the results showed the impact of uncertainty on values by com-paring different approaches such as RPN, PFMEA-DEA, and PFMEA-RDEA. A new reduced risk categorization was achieved, who allowed for decision-makers to focus on necessary actions for reengineering.
Cereal-Derived Water-Unextractable Arabinoxylans: Structure Feature, Effects on Baking Products and Human Health
Authors: Huang Manchun , Baia Juan , Buccato Daniele Giuseppe , Zhang JiaYan , He Yufeng , Zhu Ying , Yang Zihan , Xiang Xiao , Daglia Maria
Published: June 2024

Arabinoxylans (AXs) are non-starch polysaccharides with complex structures naturally occurring in grains (i.e., barley, corn, and others) providing many health benefits, especially as prebiotics. AXs can be classified as water-extractable (WEAX) and water-unextractable (WUAX) based on their solubility, with properties influenced by grain sources and extraction methods. A large body of evidence shows that AXs exert an im-portant health impact, including glucose and lipid metabolism regulation and immune system enhancement, which is induced by the interactions between AXs and the gut microbiota. Recent research underscores the dependence of AX physiological effects on structure, advocating for a deeper understanding of struc-ture-activity relationships. While systematic studies on WEAX are prevalent, knowledge gaps persist re-garding WUAX, despite its higher grain abundance. Thus, this review reports recent data on WUAX struc-tural properties (chemical structure, branching, MW) in cereals under different treatments. It discusses WUAX applications in baking and its benefits deriving from gut fermentation.