bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Lhx8 downstream targeted gene Capn3 is involved in the differentiation of hippocampal NSCs into cholinergic neurons
Authors: Wu Yi , Lin Yujian , Wang Jingwen , Cheng Xiang
Published: September 2023

Background
Lhx8, which is specifically expressed in the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), is believed to be a key factor in the development of cholinergic neurons. Our previous studies have demonstrated that enhanced cholinergic neurogenesis occurs in the sub granular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) after cholinergic denervation, which is closely associated with the core transcription factor Lhx8. This study aims to explore the downstream targeted genes of Lhx8 involved in the differentiation of hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs) into cholinergic neurons.
Method
Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was applied to collect the targeted DNA fragments for Lhx8. DNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed to screen for the targeting genes related to neurogenesis. The expression of related targeting genes was verified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Calpain 3 (Capn3) was predicted to be associated with Lhx8. The interaction of Capn3 and Lhx8 was verified using luciferase reporter gene assay, and the gain- and loss-functions of Capn3 in NSC differentiation revealed the effects of Capn3 in cholinergic neurogenesis.
Results
ChIP analysis revealed 71 genes that Lhx8 targets upstream of its promoter within 1 k bp, and on bioinformatics analysis, Capn3 was identified as a candidate gene that Lhx8 targets. The gain function of Capn3 in Lentivirus (LV)-Lhx8 PC12 decreased the protein level of the cholinergic neuron marker choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), while down-regulation of Capn3 in LV-Lhx8 PC12 promoted protein expression of ChAT. Luciferase assay verified that Lhx8 could target the promoter region of Capn3. In a hippocampus NSC differentiation assay, NSCs that overexpressed Capn3 had decreased differentiation into microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2)/ChAT-positive cholinergic neurons; however, down-regulation of Capn3 in NSCs increased the proportion of MAP2/ChAT-positive cholinergic neurons.
Conclusion
Capn3 may be a downstream target gene, negatively regulated by Lhx8, which can impede the cholinergic differentiation of hippocampus NSCs.
The equation f(xy) = f(x)h(y) + g(x)f(y) and representations on C2
Authors: Stetkær Henrik
Published: September 2023

Let G be a topological group, and let C(G) denote the algebra of continuous, complex valued functions on G. We find the solutions f,g,h ∈ C(G) of the Levi-Civita equation
f(xy) = f(x) h(y) + g(x) f(y) for x,y ∈ G,
which is an extension of the sine addition law. Representations of G on C2 play an important role. As a corollary we get the solutions f,g in C(G) of the sine subtraction law f(xy*) = f(x)g(y) - g(x)f(y), x,y ∈ G, in which x ↦ x* is a continuous involution, meaning that (xy)* = y*x* and x** = x for all x,y ∈ G.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 39B32 and 39B52.
Circulating levels of T-cell traits and the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Lu Ting , Luo Lijun , Yang Jie , Cheng Xiao , Sun Jingbo
Published: September 2023

Background：Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare fatal neurodegenerative disorder. Evidence from observational studies indicates that different T-cell subsets may have opposite effects on the development of ALS. However, further studies that can yield higher-level evidence are required to confirm these findings. Thus, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to determine the association between T-cell traits and the risk of ALS.
Methods：Genetic instrumental variables were chosen from a commonly used genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 3757 European subjects to analyze 244 T-cell subsets. ALS summary statistics were extracted from a GWAS encompassing 20,806 ALS cases and 59,804 controls of European descent. Comprehensive sensitivity tests were conducted to validate the robustness of the results. We also performed a reverse MR analysis to determine the effect of ALS on T-cell traits. This study was conducted using the STROBE-MR checklist for reporting MR studies.
Results：After Bonferroni correction, 24 T-cell traits out of the 244 subsets showed potential associations with the risk of ALS. Notably, 75% (n = 18) of the associations involved CD3 expression on various T-cell subtypes (for example, CD3 expression on terminally differentiated CD8+ T cells), indicating a highly consistent negative correlation with the risk of ALS. The proportion of T regulatory cells (Tregs) in CD4+ T cells (odds ratio [OR] = 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.72–0.99, p = 0.032), the proportion of secreting Tregs in CD4+ T cells (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.81–1.00, p = 0.044), CCR7 expression on naive CD4+ T cells (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.01–1.20, p = 0.025), and CCR7 expression on naive CD8+ T cells (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.02–1.33, p = 0.025) were associated with the risk of ALS. The results of the sensitivity analyses were consistent. The reverse MR analysis did not reveal any significant causal effect of ALS on T-cell traits.
Conclusion： ALS risk is associated with 24 T-cell subsets, including those characterized by CD3 expression on terminally differentiated CD8+ T cells, Treg, and CCR7 levels. These results align with and build upon the findings of previous observational studies on the involvement of T lymphocyte subset-induced immunological processes in ALS.
A Combinatorial Approach Towards Ramanujan's Partition Congruences Modulo 5, 7 and 11 In Terms Of Its Corresponding Cranks
Authors: De Subham
Published: September 2023

The primary purpose of this article is to provide an explicit interpretation of Ramanujan’s Partition Congruences, namely, p(5n + 4) ≡ 0 (mod 5), p(7n + 5) ≡ 0 (mod 7) and, p(11n + 6) ≡ 0 (mod 11), p(n) being the partition function corresponding to any positive integer n, in terms of their corresponding Cranks using various combinatorial arguments implemented by Dyson, Atkin, Swinnerton-Dyer and later by Andrews and, Garvan to justify all the necessary concepts pertaining to this topic.
In addition to introducing readers to the Theory of Partitions, as well as defining formally the notion of q-Series and Ramanujan’s Theta Function, we shall further deduce a rough estimate for p(n), a priori applying the so called Jacobi Triple Product Identity and Euler Pentagonal Theorem, and subsequently, providing a thorough explanation for the special case, when n ≡ 4 (mod 5).
Important to mention that, a whole section in this article has been dedicated towards gaining an detailed understanding of Rank of a partition and Crank of a Vector Partition, both introduced by Dyson, due to its significance and relevance to our study. Furthermore, in the later half of the text, we shall indeed prove our main result with the help of an important property of the partition function M(m, j, n) corresponding to any positive integer n with crank congruent to m modulo j. Exclusively, in the final section, rigorous derivations have been provided individually for each case to facilitate the motivated readers of this paper with a better understanding of this subject. Moreover, adequate references have been included, considering the broader aspect of research in this area.
2020 MSC: Primary 11-02, 11P81, 11P82, 11P83, 11P84. Secondary 11B75, 05A16, 05A17, 05A30.
The Prognosis of Fetal Intracardiac Rhabdomyomas
Authors: CAN Sevim TUNCER , Sağlam Ceren , Torun Raziye , Çakır Zübeyde Emiralioğlu , Sever Barış , Özer Mehmet , Ömeroğlu İbrahim , Yıldırım Alkım Gülşah Şahingöz , Pala Halil Gürsoy , Şirinoğlu Tülay Demircan
Published: September 2023

Objective
To evaluate the prenatal diagnosis, clinical presentation, and outcome of cardiac rhabdomyoma and its association with tuberous sclerosis.
Methods
Patients diagnosed with fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma between 2016–2022 in the perinatology department of İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital were evaluated retrospectively. Data were collected from the hospital database.
Results
As a result of a 6-year retrospective analysis, 10 cases of fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma were identified. Two of the cases had a family history of tuberous sclerosis. Neonatal or intrauterine death occurred in 4 cases who had concomitant fetal cardiac disease and tumor size of 33 mm. Tuberous sclerosis was diagnosed in fetuses with multiple rhabdomyomas and a family history of tuberous sclerosis. In 5 patients who accepted intrauterine fetal magnetic resonance imaging, no additional finding other than rhabdomyoma was detected. It was stated that there was a trend to regression of intracardiac tumors in live-born cases.
Conclusion
It is thought that patients with cardiac rhabdomyoma who do not have concomitant cardiac diseases and with tumor of a small size (< 20 mm) in the intrauterine period are associated with good prognosis.
Fetal left and right ventricular strain parameters using speckle tracking in congenital heart diseases
Authors: Young Krista , Hooton Candace , Zimmerman M Bridget , Reinking Benjamin , Gupta Umang
Published: September 2023

Background
Assessment of fetal ventricular function is mostly subjective, and currently, for the objective assessment left ventricular shortening fraction is obtained. However, this by itself is not very reliable. Hence, more tools that can provide an objective assessment are needed to increase the confidence of functional assessment. Speckle tracking imaging can provide one such tool.
Goal
: In this study we sought to establish the normative value of global longitudinal and circumferential strain for our fetal patients and for two major forms of congenital heart diseases, namely atrioventricular canal defects (AVC) and uncorrected dextro-transposition of the great arteries (dTGA) to act as a benchmark.
Methods
The study was completed via a single center retrospective analysis on 72 fetal echocardiograms (26 normal, 15 dTGA, and 31 AVC). Tomtec Arena™ echocardiography analysis software was used for analysis.
Results
In normal fetuses, mean left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) was − 22.6% (95% CI -24, -21.1) and mean right ventricular (RV) GLS was − 22.1% (95% CI -23.6, -20.6). In AVC patients LV GLS was-26.6% (95% CI -28,-25.3) and mean RV GLS was − 26.5% (95% CI -27.9,-25.2). In dTGA patients LV GLS was − 22.9% (95% CI of -24.8, -21) and RV GLS was − 21.3% (95% CI was − 23.4, -20.8). There was good intra-rater reliability though poor to fair inter-rater reliability.
Conclusion
Notwithstanding its current limitations, strain imaging can provide useful information that can increase confidence of cardiac functional assessment in fetal patients. However, to be reliable across the board, further automation and standardization is required.
Classification of Aerial Cactus for Conserving Biodiversity Hotspot Zones using Deep Convolutional Neural Network VGG16
Authors: P Arjun K , Atlas L. Godlin , Arvindhan M. , Prasath G. Jerald , Sreenaraya N M
Published: September 2023

There are many exceptional regions in the world with the existence of varieties of unique several endemic plants in biodiversity. Conservation of biodiversity 'hotspots' is protection and maintenance in a sustainable way. The research studies proved a good relationship with a diverse ecosystem would help health, resource consumption, climate changes, and other areas positively. Human activities which lead to the destruction of biodiversity. So our aim is to identify this biodiversity-ecosystem by using automated surveillance and preserve the ecozone. To assess the impact of earth's natural resources, it is necessary to build a model that identifies the columnar cactus in the aerial image and recognizes the vegetation inside the protected areas by identifying the columnar cactus. The proposed model aims to identify and to classify aerial cactus with the help of VGG 16 Convolutional Neural Network architectures. The main work is done with the help of experimentation and evaluation of the performance of the network to recognize a specific type of cactus in aerial imagery. The dataset containing the 21,500 images, this images is provided by the Kaggle and it is a part of the VIGIA project. The proposed model compared with various convolutional neural network models like ResNet26, hyperspectral CNN, LetNet-5 and Resnet50 for the particular problem. The experiment result of the proposed model shown the high prediction accuracy of 98% and 0.98 ROC/AUC score, substantiate the purpose of the perspective to accomplish best in results for the columnar cactus recognition.
High human blood meal index of mosquitoes in Arba Minch town, southwest Ethiopia: an implication for urban vector-borne diseases transmission
Authors: Akirso Adisu , Tamiru Girum , Eligo Nigatu , Lindtjørn Bernt , Massebo Fekadu
Published: September 2023

Background
Unplanned population shifts in urban areas are expected to increase the prevalence of vector-borne diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the role of urban vectors and their blood meal sources in the spread of malaria.
Methods
Indoor resting adult mosquitoes were collected using Prokopack and host-seeking mosquitoes using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention light traps in Arba Minch town and identified using a morphological key. Larval collection from artificial containers was done in those houses selected for adult mosquito collection. Anopheles adults collected and emerged from larvae were identified morphologically using a key. ELISA was used to identify blood meal sources in freshly fed Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes, and CSP of Anopheles mosquitoes.
Results
A total of 16,756 female mosquitoes were collected. Of these, 93% (15,571) were Culex, 6% (1,016) were Anopheles, and 1% (169) were Aedes. Of the 130 adults raised from larval, An. rhodesiensis accounted for 20%, while Aedes accounted for 80%. The container-breeding Anopheles mosquito identified was An. rhodesiensis. Anopheles stephensi was not documented. Out of 823 mosquitoes tested for blood meal origins, 86.3% (710/823) tested positive for human blood, 2.2% (18/823) tested positive for bovine blood, and 11.5% (95/823) were negative for human and bovine antibodies. Anopheles gambiae complex had a human blood meal index (HBI) of 50% (90/180; CI: 42.3–57.5%) and a bovine blood meal index (BBI) of only 0.5% (95% CI 0.01–3.1%). Culex HBI was 96.7% (620/641), and its BBI index was 2.4% (15/641). While it was low (0.8%) in Culex, the proportion of An. gambiae complex with unidentified blood meal sources was 49.5%: 95 CI%: 41.9–56.9%). Among the 1016 Anopheles mosquitoes tested, a single An. gambiae complex (0.1%; 1/1016) was positive for P. vivax CSP.
Conclusions
The high HBI indicates frequent contact between humans and vectors. To reduce human exposure, personal protection tools should be implemented.
Climate adaption strategies using socio-ecological linkages for grassland wetland ecotones in India
Authors: Sharma Jahnavi , Sardar Purnendu , Verma Dhruv , Kumar Praveen
Published: September 2023

From the current understanding on climate science to leading the attention to grasslands, wetlands, and grassland-wetland ecotones, in this paper, we are deriving socio-ecological linkages for nature climate solutions ecosystem like grasslands, wetlands, and grassland-wetland ecotones. The novelty of the study lies in its focus on addressing climate change impacts on grassland-wetland ecosystems from an intersectoral perspective. It aims to understand the linkages between ecological systems, social systems (such as livelihoods and policies), and climate adaptation strategies. We have reviewed, interlinked, and presented potential linkages to factor verticals, existing linkages, and mapping opportunities for socio-ecological indicators in grasslands, wetlands, and grassland-wetland ecotones as they are integral ecological systems supporting lives and livelihood. Our findings are a result of thematic literature review using research articles, published reports, and secondary sources for inter-linkages. We present three critical vertical for climate change adaptation in ecotones, and map the existing inter-linkages connecting the critical vertical for grassland wetland ecotones in particular with livelihood and policy. The outcomes of this paper will help in sustainable planning and management of wetlands and grasslands.
Overcoming physiological dormancy in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)
Authors: Yalamalle Vishwanath R , Vijay Dunna , Gautam Chawla , Prakash Mishra Gyan , P Vijayakumar H , Ahmad Dilshad , Lal Sandeep Kumar , Joshi Dinesh Chandra , Meena Rajendra Prasad
Published: September 2023

The viability status of every accession stored in a seed bank is essential for effective germplasm conservation, and it is often assessed through germination tests. However, the presence of dormancy can impede this process. The dormancy release protocols for buckwheat seeds, which exhibit physiological dormancy, are not available. This study aims to identify effective dormancy-breaking protocols through the use of chemicals and phytohormones namely GA3, KNO3, and H2O2. Buckwheat seeds exhibited high dormancy with only 21% of seeds germinating. Seed treatment with 0.4% KNO3 enhanced germination to 69%. Both KNO3 and H2O2 treatments significantly reduced the time to 50% germination (t50) (2.37 – 2.55 days) and mean germination time (MGT) (3.02 – 3.23 days). These treatments also enhanced the dormancy index (DI) (253.56 - 217.86). The seedling length was enhanced by 55% with 200 ppm GA3. There was an enhancement in seed vigour indices by 305% and 260% in 20 mM H2O2 and 0.4% KNO3 treatments respectively. Compared to the control, all the seed treatments enhanced the α-amylase activity. Both 0.4 % KNO3 and 20 mM H2O2 treatments recorded the highest α-amylase activity. The result suggests that KNO3 and H2O2 treatments reduced seed dormancy and improved seed germination and vigour by increasing the mobilization of seed reserves. Application of 0.4% KNO3 or 20 mM H2O2 as a dormancy release mechanism can be incorporated during seed testing and germplasm evaluation of buckwheat seeds with physiological seed dormancy.
Ser/Leu-swapped cell-free translation system constructed with natural/in vitro transcribed-hybrid tRNA set
Authors: Fujino Tomoshige , Sonoda Ryogo , Murakami Hiroshi
Published: September 2023

The Ser/Leu-swapped genetic code can act as a genetic firewall, mitigating the biohazard risks arising from horizontal gene transfer in genetically modified organisms. Our prior work demonstrated the orthogonality of this swapped code to the standard genetic code using a cell-free translation system comprised of 21 in vitro transcribed tRNAs. To advance this system for protein engineering, we introduced a natural/in vitro transcribed hybrid tRNA set. This set combined natural tRNAs from Escherichia coli (excluding Ser, Leu, and Tyr) and in vitro transcribed tRNAs, encompassing anticodon-swapped tRNASerGAG and tRNALeuGGA. This approach reduced the requisite in vitro transcribed tRNAs from 21 to a mere 4. In this optimized system, the production of a model protein, super-folder green fluorescent protein, increased to 3.5-fold. With this hybrid tRNA set, the Ser/Leu-swapped cell-free translation system will stand as a potent tool for protein production for reduced biohazard concerns in future biological endeavors.
Identity development, attraction, and behaviour of heterosexually-identified men who have sex with men: A scoping review
Authors: Eaton Andrew D. , Scheadler Travis R. , Kon Taylor , Pang Nelson , Kwan Sandra , McDonald Mel , Dillon Frank R. , McInroy Lauren B. , Beer Oliver W. J. , Beckwell Erin , Busch Adam , Vandervoort Daniel , Bradley Cara , Shuper Paul A.
Published: September 2023

Heterosexually identified men who have sex with men (H-MSM) experience discordance between their sexual identity and behaviours. Studies with large, mixed samples suggest that H-MSM may comprise 4–7% of the sexually active adult male population. Understanding and accepting H-MSM as they self-identify may be necessary to implement effective public health and psychosocial interventions. There is no known knowledge synthesis of H-MSM. This scoping review synthesizes primary studies about H-MSM identity development, attraction, and behaviour. Thirteen databases were searched, and two independent reviewers screened 3,617 titles and abstracts and 269 full-texts to arrive at 120 articles meeting inclusion criteria. Ten independent reviewers then conducted thematic content analysis. H-MSM either expressed sexual identity uncertainty, or justified maintaining heterosexual identity, due to fear of discrimination and little or no social support. H-MSM compartmentalized same-sex sexual behaviours as isolated events unrepresentative of their sexual identity. H-MSM further minimized these behaviours to infrequent, recreational/sport, or economic coincidences with little partner communication regarding HIV and sexual health. Many H-MSM also depersonalized male sex partners, denied same-sex attraction, and avoided gay-identified venues. Reviewed articles further reported H-MSM had negative emotional responses to sex with men (e.g., guilt, shame, disgust). Findings also suggest H-MSM are mislabeled in sexual health screening. H-MSM are unlike other heterosexual men and other MSM, and require unique considerations and approaches to sexual and mental health care.
ReportNeedles.ca: A real-time needle collection tool to foster community health partnerships
Authors: Eaton Andrew D. , Pang Nelson , Varghese Shiny Mary , Reddy Vidya Dhar , Ross Sarah , Novotna Gabriela , Beckwell Erin , Medeiros Priscilla , Shuper Paul A. , Ibàñez-Carrasco Francisco
Published: September 2023

Technology-mediated interactions between the public, healthcare agencies, and researchers can be a facilitator of community health partnerships. The use of such novel technologies can lead to innovations in public health research to address disparities and access issues. This article presents a web-based, real-time needle collection tool ReportNeedles.ca and describes its use in an ongoing community health partnership to deploy and evaluate pop-up interventions for blood-borne infection prevention and substance use harm reduction. Since April 2021, 34,350 needles have been collected from 466 public reports on the ReportNeedles.ca app in the city of Regina, Saskatchewan (population: ~215,000). This non-walkable city with pronounced needle prevalence may be representative of medium-sized cities in Canada, the United States, and elsewhere, where brick-and-mortar healthcare is predominantly accessible only to people of relative stability. This article discusses the tool’s development, implementation, and evaluation plan alongside its potential for blood-borne infection, substance use, and community-based participatory research.
The budgeted maximin share allocation problem
Authors: Li Weidong , Deng Bin
Published: September 2023

We are given a set of indivisible goods and a set of n agents where each good has a size and each agent has an additive valuation function and a budget. The budgeted maximin share allocation problem is to find a feasible allocation such that the size of the bundle allocated to each agent does not exceed its budget, and the minimum ratio of the valuation and the maximin share (MMS) value of any agent is as large as possible, where the MMS value of each agent is that he can achieve by dividing the goods into n bundles, and receiving his least desirable bundle.
In this paper, we prove that the existence of 1/3 -approximate MMS allocation and give an instance which does have a (3 /4 + ε)-approximate MMS allocation, for any ε ∈ (0, 1). Moreover, we provide a polynomial time algorithm to find an ( 1/3 − ε)-approximate MMS allocation, and prove that there is no polynomial time algorithm which can find a ( 2/3 + ε)-approximate MMS allocation for any instance unless P = N P.
To adopt or adapt an existing neonatal core outcome set in Kenya: A study protocol
Authors: Karumbi Jamlick , Gathara David , Young Bridget , Williamson Paula
Published: September 2023

Background
Development and use of core outcome set(s) (COS) in research can reduce research wastage by ensuring that a minimum set of outcomes are always reported on. Neonatal morbidity and mortality are a big burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Research is continuously being undertaken to reduce this burden. Currently there is no COS for neonatal research in LMICs but there exists one for neonatal research in high income countries (HICs).
Objectives
To determine outcomes that are useful for neonatal care in Kenya to inform whether an existing COS should be adopted or adapted. To assess feasibility of a routine data collection system to collect data of the agreed-on COS.
Methods
A review of existing literature on neonatal research in LMICs followed by qualitative study of key stakeholders in neonatal care. To explore whether to adapt or adopt, in two hospitals, two focus group discussions with 6–8 parents/caregivers will be undertaken (one each in two hospitals). Key informant interviews will also be conducted with 6 health care providers in each of the hospitals. At the policy making level, we will conduct 10 key informant interviews. Qualitative data will be analyzed thematically. A consensus meeting will be undertaken with key stakeholders, who will be presented with an overview of the COS developed for HICs, key findings from the literature and the qualitative study to determine context appropriate COS. The agreed-on outcomes will be counterchecked against the case records in the two hospitals. Feasibility of collecting the outcomes on a routine electronic research database, the Clinical Information Network that collects standardized data at admission and discharge will be explored. The congruence (or not) of the outcomes will be documented and be used to enrich the discussion and provide a snapshot of the feasibility of the health information system to collect routine data on the COS.
Conclusions
A COS for use in neonatal care in Kenya will help enhance outcome measurements and reporting not just in research but also in routine practice. This will enhance comparability of interventions in trials and routine setting leading to reduced research wastage and likely improved quality of care. Additionally, the methodology used for this work can be adopted in other settings as a means of adopting or adapting an existing COS.
Why do users keep coming back to TikTok? Understanding users’ motivation toward the continuous use intention of Chinese adolescent social media users
Authors: Shao Jinhua , Zhao Meiling , Lyu Yan , Chen Yugang
Published: September 2023

In recent years, the TikTok platform has made a significant impact in the social media market worldwide, now holding a large market share in the short video service market popular with young people. Despite all this success, there is little research on how Internet users become loyal to TikTok. Hence, this study proposes a framework based on the use and gratification theory to evaluate the antecedents of adolescents’ continuous use motivations and behavior, and how they influence teenagers’ continuous use of TikTok. The survey population for this study was reached both online and offline. A total of 362 adolescent Chinese users of the TikTok platform were surveyed. The results show that self-expression, entertainment, information seeking, communication, and passing time were derived as adolescents’ motivations to use TikTok. Among these motivations, entertainment, communication, and passing time positively affect user satisfaction with TikTok. Furthermore, user satisfaction and loyalty positively affect the intention to continue using TikTok. Finally, this study advances understanding of adolescents’ use motivation of TikTok and provides new reference material for the continuous innovation of the short video format.
AcknowledgmentThis study appreciated the partial financial support from Research Project of Anhui University of Science and Technology in 2023 (Project topic: Research on the construction and improvement strategy of mobile shopping experience evaluation system from the perspective of experience economy; Grant number: 2023yjrc30) and Key Research Projects of Humanities and Social Sciences in Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province (Project topic: Research on the Management Mechanism and Practical Path of Anhui Free Trade Zone; Grant number: SK2020A0199).
ANIMAL SIMILES EXPRESSING HUMAN TRAITS IN ENGLISH AND SERBIAN
Authors: Milinović Dejan M.
Published: September 2023

This paper provides a contrastive analysis of adjectival as … as similes in English and adjectival comparisons with kao in Serbian, in which the tenor is a human being and the vehicle is an animal stereotypically associated with the given trait, to examine the extent to which specific groups and types of animals are used to express the same or similar human traits in the two languages. A total of 69 English and 39 Serbian similes motivated by animals were examined and categorised according to the meaning of the adjectives used for comparison. The analysis shows that they are used to express a wide range of human characteristics, including behaviour, prowess, state and appearance. Almost half of the English similes and a third of the Serbian similes refer to behaviour, and more than half of the similes in each category in both languages have a negative connotation. Wild animals are more often attributed prowess and power, while farm animals are predominantly seen with subservient features. The findings are indicative of and congruent with the important role that animals play in human language perception. Animal similes not only provide a colourful and creative way of expressing human characteristics but also reflect cultural attitudes towards certain traits and animals.
О СУДЬБЕ ЗАУДАРНЫХ ДОЛГОТ В РЕЧИ БАСТАСА
Authors: Козомара Драгомир В.
Published: September 2023

На основании собранного диалектного материала о речи Бастаса, деревни на юго-западе Боснии, автор статьи отмечает, что по распределению заударных долгот эта речь очень похожа на стандартный сербский язык и другие речи восточно-герцеговинского (герцеговинско-краинского) диалекта, к группе которого она принадлежит по своей структуре. Основные отклонения от просодической нормы сербского языка в речи Бастаса сводятся на пример к следующему:

1) Заударные долготы утрачиваются на гласной е в основе настоящего времени у многочисленных глаголов первой группы Стевановича, если глагольные формы, построенные из такой основы, имеют долгое восходящее ударение: извéземо гоблéнā, сȁмо ỳ кāртама крάде.

2) Они также утрачиваются в форме настоящего времени у глаголов с основой на -je: нѐ вјерујем ником, засије свѐгā пὸмало.

3) Вторичные долготы регулярно встречаются в притяжательных формах, оканчивающихся на на -ов и -ин: на Бȍгдāнов пóзив, Нȅнāд Бȍшков; Нéђо Ȁнūн, Àњђēлкūн ỳнук.

4) Кроме того, вторичные долготы регулярно встречаются на последнем слоге слова в третьем лице множественного числа аориста: зὰвадͧшē се, јутрōс закὰснͧшē...

В работе также описывается отношение речи Бастаса к соседним икавским говорам ливанско-дуванского типа.
ENGLISH INDEFINITE PRONOUN ANY AND ITS SERBIAN TRANSLATION EQUIVALENTS
Authors: Pantić Irena M.
Published: September 2023

This study aims to analyse a contrastive relation between the English indefinite pronoun any and its Serbian equivalents. Beside the simple pronoun any, the study also focuses on how its compounds with other words – nouns (-body, -thing), numerals (-one) and interrogatives (-where) are performed and translated into Serbian. In this sense, the study is result-oriented. In order to reveal the equivalence relevance and equivalence distribution in practice, the analysis was based on a parallel corpus. The source text ʻThe Sense of an Endingʼ by J. Barnes was confronted with the corresponding target text in Serbian ʻOvo liči na krajʼ, to investigate the appropriate forms.

Although belonging to different language families, English and Serbian have shown a significant degree of similarities and differences among the elements in scope. Indefinite pronouns are a linguistic universal. Thus they occur systematically in both English and Serbian. Nevertheless, the Serbian pronominal equivalents are not categorised only as indefinites, but they also have a negative (niko, ništa, nikakav), free-choice (neko, nešto, neki) and universal functions26 (svako, bilo koji, bilo kakav). There is rarely any reciprocity in a direct Serbian implication for each English pronoun – an English indefinite pronoun usually has numerous Serbian equivalents. The proportion of the pronominal and non-pronominal (adverbs, particles, prepositional phrases, etc) Serbian equivalents is 2:1. Zero equivalence has appeared to be unexpectedly frequent – predominantly in negative and interrogative contexts. But even when the indefinites are not explicitly translated, due to stylistic and pragmatic differences between the two languages, there is equivalence at a syntactic level. The analysis revealed various equivalents, but they can be roughly brought down to the following: any is mostly omitted in Serbian negatives, and interrogatives, and translated as svaki in affirmatives; anything is translated as ništa in negatives, išta in interroatives and nešto in affirmatives; anyone is translated as niko in negatives, and iko in affirmatives; anybody is translated as bilo ko in affirmatives; anyway is translated as bilo kako bilo in affirmatives; anywhere is translated as ikud in negatives. Such an asymmetry of equivalence shows that there is not obvious and apparent compatibility between English and Serbian indefinite pronouns.

The aim of this paper has therefore been to offer a better understanding of the various forms among the corresponding English and Serbian indefinite pronominals, in terms of their practical relevance.
REVIEW OF (CRITICAL) LITERATURE ABOUT BILINGUALISM
Authors: Dragaš Mina Z.
Published: September 2023

The topic of bilingualism has always been an object of interest in linguistic circles, especially today in the time of globalisation or the “third epoch”, when borders of states haven’t always implied the boundary of the use of a particular language. In addition to the fact that research on this phenomenon covers a wide range of hypotheses and perspectives from which bilingualism is analysed, it increasingly involves developing countries, multicultural and multilingual environments. Numerous scientists have investigated the process of first and second language acquisition, some have observed in which environments and under what conditions bilingualism occurs, and this group includes scientists who have done research on bilingual children in the school system whose attitudes will be stated in this paper.

This work provides an overview of the basic conclusions from theoretical and empirical studies on the topic of bilingualism, through a review of research in which attention is drawn to the traditionally neglected or insufficiently explored extralinguistic factors and their influence on the development or obstruction of bilingualism. The aim is to come to a conclusion about the different competences of bilingual children and the conditions that affect the development of bilingualism in early childhood and in children of school age. Some of the definitions of bilingualism are primarily listed, then the functions of language as well as the relationship between the first and second languages, the influence of parents and culture on the early development of bilingualism are explained. In the final part of the paper, practical advice for helping bilingual children is given, based on a literature review on this topic. Therefore, we conclude that the article discusses current and scientifically relevant issues: types of bilingualism, as well as its socio-pedagogical implications.
ТHE TRANSFORMATION OF NAPLES THROUGH CESARE ANNUNZIATA’S MATURATION IN THE TEMPTATION TO BE HAPPY BY LORENZO MARONE
Authors: Janjić Danijela M.
Published: September 2023

In his novel The temptation to be happy, Lorenzo Marone depicts the late maturation of Cesare Annunziata, the main character who, in his seventies, establishes stronger ties with society, including family members. Living in Naples, a city teeming with people, at first he avoids situations where he must interact with others, but this slowly changes through a series of pleasant and unpleasant events. As Cesare Annunciata changes, so does the image of Naples. In this paper, we follow the construction of the image of the city and the opening of views of Naples. We analyse the course of the narration in order to see the writer's procedure by which he successfully avoids the possibility of giving the usual representations of one of the most described cities in literature and forms a representation that will be new and unique.
MEASURE AND EXCESS: AHMED NURUDDIN – TRANSFORMING APOLLO INTO DIONYSUS
Authors: Terzić Marija
Published: September 2023

This paper deals with Apollo and Dyonisian elements in dervish Ahmed Nuruddin's characterisation. This paper analyses the dervish Ahmed Nuruddin in light of Nietzche's understanding of Apollo and Dionysus deities in terms of their divine roots originating from ancient Greek mythology without any intention whatsoever to present Nietzche's entire philosophical system on the relationships between Dionysus, Greek tragedy, and the connections between art and nature with these principles. The dichotomy will be analysed on the example of the Serbian novel, Death and the Dervish written by Meša Selimović. The paper tackles the characterisation of the literary hero, protagonist Ahmed Nuruddin as a bridge between dervish-Apollo to Nuruddin-avenger, which is Dionysus focusing on revenge resulting in human and moral destruction caused by hatred, the opposite of Ahmed Nuruddin˙s neutrality, while performing the dervish duty. The avenger Nuruddin, the one surfacing after the murder of his sibling, will be considered Dionysus in light of an injustice inflicted on him by Harun's murder, a flywheel for his revenge. Special emphasis will be placed on Nuruddin's human defeat – moral decadence in the form of his transfiguration from a priest to a Machiavellian character. Taking Nietzche's understanding of Hellenic tragedy into consideration, this paper aims to prove Ahmed Nuruddin turning Apollo into Dionysus.
Incorporating economy and water demand rate uncertainty into decision-making for agricultural water allocation during droughts
Authors: Liu Hu , Liu Ning , Zhang Danli , Zhu Jianzi , Zhu Yonghua
Published: September 2023

Determining sources of uncertainty in the agricultural water supply helps to increase irrigation scheduling accuracy. Evaporation and transpiration, sensitivity coefficient of water tension, cultivation costs, product price and water allocated to plants are among the main sources of uncertainty in the simulation process. This study was conducted to estimate the fluctuations of the response due to the uncertainty of four parameters of soil moisture, water provided for cultivation, cost of cultivation during the growing season, and coefficient of sensitivity to drought. In the concept of water and food nexus, two basic factors, including increasing economic productivity and achieving maximum product production, are known as decision criteria. Therefore, mathematical modeling of net income and the ratio of actual and potential yield production has been prepared according to the four uncertain input variables of the problem. The proposed model has used a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm to estimate the best values of non-deterministic variables. The results of the uncertainty analysis showed that the range of changes in performance and net profit compared to the coefficient of sensitivity to water stress has different ranges and mechanisms and knowing the nature of each helps to improve the responses.
Pilot-scale study of UVC-based AOPs towards implementation at the outlet of domestic WWTPs
Authors: Gabet Anaëlle , Monot Thomas , Mailhot Gilles , Brigante Marcello , de Brauer Christine , Métivier Hélène
Published: September 2023

The degradation of a mixture of ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac in various effluents by UVC/H2O2 or UVC/S2O82− was studied to assess the impact of the matrix composition and of the oxidant precursor on process efficiency. Experiments were carried out in a 20-L laboratory pilot (a scaled-down version of a full-scale pilot). In effluents collected during dry weather, the rural constructed wetland effluent allowed faster degradation than the urban conventional WWTP effluent, regardless of the nature of the targets or of the oxidant precursor. This was mainly attributed to a three-times higher chemical oxygen demand in the urban effluent, likely to quench the oxidative species. UV fluences to reach 90% degradation of the three compounds were 3,800 and 5,500 mJ cm−2 in the rural effluent, whereas they were 6,600 and 6,100 mJ cm−2 in the urban effluent with H2O2 and S2O82−, respectively. After a rainfall event, the rural effluent composition was not significantly affected compared to that of the urban effluent that underwent the dilution effect. Therefore, the stability of the rural effluent composition allowed comparable degradation efficiency, whereas the dilution effect led to a significant increase in the degradation rate constants in the urban effluent (up to four times higher).
Ortaöğretim kurumlarındaki öğrencilerin okul algıları ile okul yaşam kalitesi algılarının incelenmesi
Authors: DOĞAN Ümit , ABDURREZZAK Seyfettin
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı ortaöğretim kurumlarındaki öğrencilerin metaforik okul algıları ile okul yaşam kalitesi algıları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılında Sakarya ili kamu okullarında eğitim gören 210.395 öğrenciden oluşmakta olup araştırmanın örneklemi ise evrenden amaçlı örneklem yöntemi ile seçilmiş 21 okulda eğitim gören 207 öğrenciden oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanma sürecinde öğrencilerin metaforik okul algıları ile okul yaşam kalitesi algıları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için iki tane ölçek kullanılmıştır. Bu ölçeklerden birincisi Özdemir ve Kalaycı (2013) tarafından geliştirilen Okul Algısı ölçeğidir ikinci veri toplama aracı ise Sarı (2006) tarafından geliştirilmiş olan geliştirmiş olduğu 36 (otuz altı) maddeden ve üç boyuttan oluşan Okul Yaşam Kalitesi ölçeğidir. Araştırma bulgularına göre araştırmaya katılan lise öğrencilerinin okulu daha çok “Koruma Geliştirme Yeri” olarak algıladıkları görülmüştür. Bunun yanında sırasıyla “Yuva” ve “Baskı Yeri” olarak algıladıkları; araştırmaya katılan lise öğrencilerinin okul kalitesi memnuniyetlerinin orta düzey olduğu ve öğrencilerin öğretmen-öğrenci iletişimi ve sosyal etkinliklere ilişkin okul yaşantılarını daha yüksek düzeyde algıladıkları bulgulanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre makale sonunda öğrencilerin metaforik okul algıları ve okul yaşam kalitelerine yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
The Application of MD Simulation to Lead Identification, Vaccine Design,
and Structural Studies in Combat against Leishmaniasis - A Review
Authors: Vijayakumar Saravanan , Kumar Lukkani Laxman , Borkotoky Subhomoi , Murali Ayaluru
Published: September 2023

Drug discovery, vaccine design, and protein interaction studies are rapidly moving toward
the routine use of molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) and related methods. As a result of MDS, it
is possible to gain insights into the dynamics and function of identified drug targets, antibody-antigen
interactions, potential vaccine candidates, intrinsically disordered proteins, and essential proteins. The
MDS appears to be used in all possible ways in combating diseases such as cancer, however, it has not
been well documented as to how effectively it is applied to infectious diseases such as Leishmaniasis.
As a result, this review aims to survey the application of MDS in combating leishmaniasis. We have
systematically collected articles that illustrate the implementation of MDS in drug discovery, vaccine
development, and structural studies related to Leishmaniasis.

:

Of all the articles reviewed, we identified that only a limited number of studies focused on the development
of vaccines against Leishmaniasis through MDS. Also, the PCA and FEL studies were not
carried out in most of the studies. These two were globally accepted utilities to understand the conformational
changes and hence it is recommended that this analysis should be taken up in similar approaches
in the future.
QSAR Studies and Scaffold Optimization of Predicted Novel ACC 2
Inhibitors to Treat Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Madan Kirtika , Paliwal Sarvesh , Sharma Swapnil , Kesar Seema , Chauhan Neha , Madan Mansi
Published: September 2023

Background:

Metabolic syndrome is one of the major non-communicable global health
hazards of the modern world owing to its amplifying prevalence. Acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase 2
(ACC 2) is one of the most crucial enzymes involved in the manifestation of this disease because of its
regulatory role in fatty acid metabolism.

Objective:

To find novel potent ACC 2 inhibitors as therapeutic potential leads for combating metabolic
syndrome.

Methods:

In the present study, a two-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (2D
QSAR) approach was executed on biologically relevant thiazolyl phenyl ether derivatives as ACC 2
inhibitors for structural optimization. The physiochemical descriptors were calculated and thus a correlation
was derived between the observed and predicted activity by the regression equation. The significant
descriptors i.e. log P (Whole Molecule) and Number of H-bond Donors (Substituent 1) obtained
under study were considered for the design of new compounds and their predicted biological
activity was calculated from the regression equation of the developed model. The compounds were
further validated by docking studies with the prepared ACC 2 receptor.

Results:

The most promising predicted leads with the absence of an H-bond donor group at the substituted
phenyl ether moiety yet increased overall lipophilicity exhibited excellent amino acid binding
affinity with the receptor and showed predicted inhibitory activity of 0.0025 μM and 0.0027 μM. The
newly designed compounds were checked for their novelty. Lipinski's rule of five was applied to
check their druggability and no violation of this rule was observed.

Conclusion:

The compounds designed in the present study have tremendous potential to yield orally
active ACC 2 inhibitors to treat metabolic syndrome.
Comprehensive Review on Drug-target Interaction Prediction - Latest
Developments and Overview
Authors: Abdul Raheem Ali K. , Dhannoon Ban N.
Published: September 2023

Drug-target interactions (DTIs) are an important part of the drug development process.
When the drug (a chemical molecule) binds to a target (proteins or nucleic acids), it modulates the biological
behavior/function of the target, returning it to its normal state. Predicting DTIs plays a vital
role in the drug discovery (DD) process as it has the potential to enhance efficiency and reduce costs.
However, DTI prediction poses significant challenges and expenses due to the time-consuming and
costly nature of experimental assays. As a result, researchers have increased their efforts to identify
the association between medications and targets in the hopes of speeding up drug development and
shortening the time to market. This paper provides a detailed discussion of the initial stage in drug discovery,
namely drug–target interactions. It focuses on exploring the application of machine learning
methods within this step. Additionally, we aim to conduct a comprehensive review of relevant papers
and databases utilized in this field. Drug target interaction prediction covers a wide range of applications:
drug discovery, prediction of adverse effects and drug repositioning. The prediction of drugtarget
interactions can be categorized into three main computational methods: docking simulation approaches,
ligand-based methods, and machine-learning techniques.