bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Roles of Farnesol and Farnesene in Curtailing Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: Molina-Gallardo Axel R. , Cruz-Martínez Yesica R. , Orozco-Martínez Julieta , Valencia Quiroz Israel , Hernández-Delgado C. Tzasna
Published: March 2024

In the extensive domain of “biotechnology and drug development for
targeting human diseases”, essential oils have long been revered for their therapeutic
potential. Among these, farnesol and farnesene stand out due to their pharmacological
attributes. As the challenge of antibiotic resistance intensifies, the scientific community
is increasingly exploring the potential of these traditional remedies. Using the KirbyBauer agar diffusion method, a qualitative assessment was conducted on two grampositive and two gram-negative bacterial strains. The broth microdilution technique
further determined the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum
Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and the sensitizing impacts of these compounds.
Both farnesol and farnesene exhibited antibacterial efficacy against all evaluated
strains. Their synergistic potential was highlighted when combined with clavulanic
acid, cefuroxime, and cefepime. Among these combinations, farnesene paired with
cefepime showed pronounced efficacy against Escherichia coli 82 MR, with an MIC of
0.47 μg/mL. In contrast, in the investigation of Staphylococcus aureus 23MR, it was
observed that this particular strain exhibited an increased sensitivity when exposed to
combinations containing farnesol. Notably, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
(MIC) was determined to be 0.03 µg/mL in the presence of both antibiotic agents. To
gain deeper molecular insights, docking experiments were performed with the βlactamases of E. coli and S. aureus, focusing on the most effective combinations. All
tested compounds—cefuroxime, cefepime, farnesene, and farnesol—acted as noncompetitive inhibitors, suggesting their potential mechanisms of action.
Application of Viruses as Carriers in Biotechnology
Authors: Escartín-Alpizar Viridiana R. , Orozco-Martínez Julieta , Valencia Quiroz Israel
Published: March 2024

Currently, the development of new vaccine technologies for the treatment of
diseases is vital. The use of biotechnology in the application of viruses for the
development of vaccines is a relatively new research platform. Viruses have become an
important tool in biotechnology, and they are being used in the development of
vaccines and anticancer drugs. Some of the viral vectors commonly used to develop
vaccines are adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, herpes simplex viruses,
retroviruses and lentiviruses, among others. Viral vectors have been used as vaccines
against a variety of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, influenza, HIV and
malaria. Viruses have also been used to target drugs to cancer cells by using engineered
viral vectors that can selectively target and infect cancer cells. In this way, viral vectors
can also be used to deliver antitumor drugs. This will selectively target cancer cells.
Thus, vectors can be used to deliver therapeutic drugs directly to the tumor, resulting in
reduced side effects and improved efficacy.
Exploring the Intersection of Omics Technologies and Biotechnology in Drug Interaction Studies
Authors: Valencia Quiroz Israel
Published: March 2024

The integration of omics tools with biotechnology has led to a paradigm
shift in our comprehension of drug interactions, providing profound insights into the
molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions. We explore the crucial functions
of genomes, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in this chapter to decode
pharmacological interactions at various molecular levels. Notably, significant emphasis
is placed on the application of omics tools in areas such as high-throughput screening
for unveiling novel drug targets, personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics,
understanding drug-drug and drug-metabolite interactions, drug repurposing,
polypharmacology, and systems biology. Furthermore, the paper explores the potential
of integrating omics data with computational approaches to study complex biological
networks, highlighting the instrumental role of microbial biotechnology in drug
interactions. Importantly, alongside these advancements, there is also an in-depth
discussion of the ethical, legal, and societal ramifications of the use of omics
technologies in biotechnology. Moreover, the text presents an in-depth examination of
the emerging trends, challenges, and prospective developments in the realm of omics
research. As the field continues to evolve, overcoming challenges related to data
integration, reproducibility, and standardization are underscored as crucial for the
translation of these pioneering discoveries into improved patient care and the
development of more effective, personalized therapeutic strategies. It is crucial to
remember that the combination of omics tools and biotechnology will have significant
effects on how medicine and healthcare are delivered in the future. As a result, it is
essential to maintain research and development in this field to ensure that all future
healthcare-related exigencies can be met with the most advanced and innovative
solutions possible.
Sharing is Caring: Drug Repurposing among Leading Diseases
Authors: García-Castillo Verónica , López-Urrutia Eduardo , Pérez-Plasencia Carlos , Montserrat Espinosa-González Adriana
Published: March 2024

The process of drug development is time-consuming and resource-intensive,
but drug repurposing offers an alternative by using already approved drugs to treat
different diseases. Drug repurposing candidates can be identified through
computational and experimental approaches, which are often combined. Traditionally,
drug repurposing is considered when developing a custom drug is not feasible, but
recent findings regarding the cross-talk between cellular mechanisms and pathways
that are altered among disease states suggest that multipurpose drugs may be the key to
simultaneously treating multiple diseases. This chapter reviews published reports on
drug repurposing for five of the most threatening diseases to human health today:
Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, diabetes mellitus, cancer, and COVID-19, highlighting
promising candidates, challenges, and potential future directions for research.
Optimizing the quality of Thai education: A comprehensive examination of the whole school approach
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Mahasarakham University, Kham Riang, Thailand, Khamdit Sinthawa , Worapun Wittaya ,   Faculty of Education, Mahasarakham University, Kham Riang, Thailand
Published: March 2024

This study looks into how a comprehensive school strategy improves education quality in Thailand. It focuses on 11 leading projects and 408 schools that have adopted this comprehensive approach. The findings indicate significant enhancements in educational quality, including better goal-setting, increased cooperation through professional learning communities (PLCs), improved teaching methods, efficient information handling, the creation of learning networks, and enhanced student safety. Based on these results, the research makes several suggestions for those involved in education. It recommends promoting a team-oriented environment that utilizes the skills of teachers, school leaders, parents, and external contributors. Emphasizing the role of PLCs in continuous teacher training to update teaching methods is also stressed. Additionally, the importance of providing tailored support to meet students' academic and personal needs is highlighted. Overall, this study demonstrates the positive impact of a whole-school strategy on education quality, suggesting that a cooperative approach, focusing on professional growth and comprehensive support for students, leads to a better and more effective learning experience for everyone involved.
Applying Machine Learning Techniques to Implementation Science
Authors: Huguet Nathalie , Chen Jinying , Parikh Ravi B , Marino Miguel , Flocke Susan A , Likumahuwa-Ackman Sonja , Bekelman Justin , DeVoe Jennifer E
Published: March 2024

Machine learning (ML) approaches could expand the usefulness and application of implementation science methods in clinical medicine and public health settings. The aim of this viewpoint is to introduce a roadmap for applying ML techniques to address implementation science questions, such as predicting what will work best, for whom, under what circumstances, and with what predicted level of support, and what and when adaptation or deimplementation are needed. We describe how ML approaches could be used and discuss challenges that implementation scientists and methodologists will need to consider when using ML throughout the stages of implementation.
Temporal Trends of Asthma Among Children in the Western Pacific Region From 1990 to 2045: Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Yang Cheng-hao , Li Xin-yu , Lv Jia-jie , Hou Meng-jie , Zhang Ru-hong , Guo Hong , Feng Chu
Published: March 2024

Background

Asthma has become one of the most common chronic conditions worldwide, especially among children. Recent findings show that the prevalence of childhood asthma has increased by 12.6% over the past 30 years, with >262 million people currently affected globally. The reasons for the growing asthma epidemic remain complex and multifactorial.

Objective

This study aims to provide an up-to-date analysis of the changing global and regional asthma prevalence, mortality, disability, and risk factors among children aged <20 years by leveraging the latest data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Findings from this study can help inform priority areas for intervention to alleviate the rising burden of childhood asthma globally.

Methods

The study used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, concentrating on children aged 0 to 14 years with asthma. We conducted an in-depth analysis of asthma, including its age-standardized prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), across diverse demographics, such as region, age, sex, and sociodemographic index, spanning 1990 to 2019. We also projected the future burden of the disease.

Results

Overall, in the Western Pacific Region, the age-standardized prevalence rate of asthma among children increased slightly, from 3898.4 cases per 100,000 people in 1990 to 3924 per 100,000 in 2019. The age-standardized incidence rate of asthma also increased slightly, from 979.2 to 994.9 per 100,000. In contrast, the age-standardized death rate of asthma decreased from 0.9 to 0.4 per 100,000 and the age-standardized DALY rate decreased from 234.9 to 189.7 per 100,000. At the country level, Japan experienced a considerable decrease in the age-standardized prevalence rate of asthma among children, from 6669.1 per 100,000 in 1990 to 5071.5 per 100,000 in 2019. Regarding DALYs, Japan exhibited a notable reduction, from 300.6 to 207.6 per 100,000. Malaysia also experienced a DALY rate reduction, from 188.4 to 163.3 per 100,000 between 1990 and 2019. We project that the burden of disease in countries other than Japan and the Philippines will remain relatively stable up to 2045.

Conclusions

The study indicates an increase in the prevalence and incidence of pediatric asthma, coupled with a decrease in mortality and DALYs in the Western Pacific Region between 1990 and 2019. These intricate phenomena appear to result from a combination of lifestyle shifts, environmental influences, and barriers to health care access. The findings highlight that nations such as Japan have achieved notable success in managing asthma. Overall, the study identified areas of improvement in view of persistent disease burden, underscoring the need for comprehensive collaborative efforts to mitigate the impact of pediatric asthma throughout the region.
Correction: Verification in the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Sentiment Analysis of Japanese Twitter Users (Preprint)
Authors: Ueda Ryuichiro , Han Feng , Zhang Hongjian , Aoki Tomohiro , Ogasawara Katsuhiko
Published: March 2024

UNSTRUCTURED
Standardization of medical care provision to children: local clinical protocol of medical care for children with glomerulonephritis at the level of the hospital district
Authors: Bezruk V.V. , Andriychuk T.P. , Ivanov D.D. , Fomina S.P. , Shkrobanets І.D.
Published: March 2024

Glomerulonephritis is one of the most common kidney diseases in children, which leads to the development of chronic kidney disease, chronic kidney failure, and early disability. According to statistical data (2022), glomerulonephritis is the second most common among acquired kidney childhood diseases after urinary tract infections in Ukraine. The system of standardization of medical care is focused on the development and implementation of medical and technological documents that help a doctor to act effectively in specific clinical situations, avoiding ineffective actions and interventions. The article considers the approaches to improving the quality of medical care for children at the regional level — a local clinical protocol of medical care for children with glomerulonephritis (coordination of the patient’s clinical route and standardization of diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures in health care facilities at the level of the hospital district).
Перспективные радиофотонные средства групповой и индивидуальной радиоэлектронной защиты
Authors: Белкин М.Е. , Кузнецов Е.В.
Published: March 2024

Основываясь на интенсивно развивающемся в мире радиофотонном подходе, уже нашедшем применение в перспективных радиоэлектронных средствах телекоммуникации, радиолокации, радиоэлектронного противодействия, безопасности, вычислительной и измерительной техники, в статье предложен новый принцип построения средств групповой и индивидуальной радиоэлектронной защиты от дистанционного воздействия несанкционированных радиоканалов различного назначения. Ключевыми достоинствами его являются простота и нечувствительность к электронным наводкам, в том числе преднамеренным, а также сверхбыстрая сверхширокополосная обработка принятого радиосигнала в оптоэлектронном процессоре, что в зависимости от назначения либо увеличивает протяженность зоны групповой или индивидуальной защиты, либо сокращает время реакции при индивидуальной защите, одновременно обеспечивая работу во всей рабочей полосе частот. Приводятся схемы оптоэлектронных процессоров, описание разработанных образцов радиоэлектронной защиты с функциями спуфинга либо блокирования несанкционированных радиоканалов и результаты лабораторных и предварительных натурных испытаний.
Methodology on Development of Less Lethal Safety Device Stun Stick
Authors: Gawai Dr. J. S. , Margoni Janhavi S. , Mohod Piyush Y. , Thakare Pushkar R.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The use of electroshock weapons, such as TASERS, has become widespread among defence agencies, including police departments and prison guards. It serves as a means to immobilize individuals and maintain control. Despite their effectiveness, these devices have a very long history of accidents, some of which have resulted in severe, and occasionally lethal, injuries. Acknowledging these inherent risks, there is a urgent need to explore alternatives that balance effectiveness with safety. This project introduces the concept of a "Stun Stick" as a potential less-lethal weapon, aiming to address the shortcomings of traditional electroshock devices. The Stun Stick offers the prospect of enhanced safety for both officers and subjects while preserving the imperative need for effective law enforcement tools. This discussion delves into the design, functionality, and potential benefits of the Stun Stick, advocating for a shift towards its consideration in the ongoing discourse surrounding lesslethal options for law enforcement agencies.
Enhanced Empowering Futures through Online Job Portal
Authors: Prakash P.
Published: March 2024

This research aims to develop a job web portal for the students in the Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology. The main aims of this portal are to connect with industries and act as an online recruitment tool to support students in finding the right IT job after graduation. Furthermore, this system enhances the understanding of the concept and importance of the job portal for students in universities. A survey was conducted to identify the students’ problems with the existing portal of the faculty and to gather their requirements, which can be incorporated into the portal to be developed.
Differences in maternal role attainment in stunting prevention in rural and urban areas of Jember regency
Authors: Ayesie Natasa Zulka  , Dwi Indah Lestari  , Muhammad Zainullah
Published: March 2024

Introduction:  The sociodemographic conditions of Jember Regency can shaped the role attainment of mothers in preventing stunting. The Maternal Role Attainment theory, explains that the mother's role attainment was influenced by 3 factors, namely the macrosystem, mesosystem and microsystem. Objectives:  The purpose of this study was to analyze differences in maternal role attainment in rural and urban areas of Jember Regency. Methods: The research design used was  descriptive analytical with a cross sectional approach.  Total sample of 215 mothers who met the inclusion criteria was selected using the multistage random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using  Mann Withney U Test with α = 0.05. Results:  there was a difference between the role attainment of mothers in rural and urban areas (0.032<0.05). Conclusions:  Based on the theory of maternal role attainment, differences in maternal role attainment in rural and urban areas were influenced by macrosystems, mesosystems, and microsystems as well as components of the mother's self. Further research can analyze the determinant factors in the differences in role attainment.
Can Error Mitigation Improve Trainability of Noisy Variational Quantum Algorithms?
Authors: Wang Samson , Czarnik Piotr , Arrasmith Andrew , Cerezo M. , Cincio Lukasz , Coles Patrick J.
Published: March 2024

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are often viewed as the best hope for near-term quantum advantage. However, recent studies have shown that noise can severely limit the trainability of VQAs, e.g., by exponentially flattening the cost landscape and suppressing the magnitudes of cost gradients. Error Mitigation (EM) shows promise in reducing the impact of noise on near-term devices. Thus, it is natural to ask whether EM can improve the trainability of VQAs. In this work, we first show that, for a broad class of EM strategies, exponential cost concentration cannot be resolved without committing exponential resources elsewhere. This class of strategies includes as special cases Zero Noise Extrapolation, Virtual Distillation, Probabilistic Error Cancellation, and Clifford Data Regression. Second, we perform analytical and numerical analysis of these EM protocols, and we find that some of them (e.g., Virtual Distillation) can make it harder to resolve cost function values compared to running no EM at all. As a positive result, we do find numerical evidence that Clifford Data Regression (CDR) can aid the training process in certain settings where cost concentration is not too severe. Our results show that care should be taken in applying EM protocols as they can either worsen or not improve trainability. On the other hand, our positive results for CDR highlight the possibility of engineering error mitigation methods to improve trainability.
Farm diversification through agritourism: innovation synergies
Authors: Wu Tsung-Chiung (Emily) , Chen Chiu-Pin , Hsu Alex Yang-chan , Wall Geoffrey
Published: March 2024

Agritourism is considered an effective strategy for revitalizing traditional agriculture, enhancing rural economics, and achieving sustainable livelihoods. While the processes of how the conventional agrarian industry has taken up diversified management and affiliated with the creative supply of tourist services remain unclear, the theoretical interpretations of the diversification processes have yet to be articulated. This study explores agritourism innovation and proposes a conceptual framework of agritourism diversification built upon the connotations of integration of production sectors and the multi-functionality of rural and land resources. Different styles of agritourism innovation detail the progress of agritourism diversification and how various functions of farm resources are initiated and capitalized upon. Results show that diversification through agritourism has brought considerable economic returns to farms, and increased their resilience in the face of possible business challenges.
Vampire Motif in O. Mirtov’s Novel Dead Swell: Gender Aspect
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuznetsova Ekaterina V.
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the reinterpretation in O. Mirtov’s (Olga Negreskul) novel Dead Swell (1909) of the images and plot moves of the novel by English writer Bram Stoker Dracula (1897) and, in general, the vampiric myth peculiar to romantic and neo-Gothic literature. Recognizable clichés associated with the appearance and abilities of vampires manifest themselves at different levels of the novel: at the level of subtext in ambiguous conversations about blood, in the description of the appearance of the characters (red lips, a string of red coral beads around the neck, pallor, haggardness), in the characteristics of their actions (the physical attraction of a man to a woman is compared with the craving of a vampire to fresh blood, it is realized in the form of sadistic pleasure associated with violence: forced intimacy, neck bites, beatings, tickling). These artistic details form a cross-cutting motif of vampirism. The writer’s appeal to the vampiric myth is due to the gender issues of the novel Dead Swell. The reader reveals the picture of psychological and sexual vampirism and the eternal conflict between man and woman in an androcentric society. In this struggle of the sexes, a woman, as a rule, finds herself in the role of the defeated and most often dies, and her tormentor, like a vampire, goes in search of the next victim. With the help of the motif of vampirism, Negrescul reveals and comprehends from the point of view of a woman the taboo themes of violence, sex, and death in Russian classical literature, which allows her to express her attitude to the “women’s question,” “the problem of gender,” the concepts of eros and platonic love.
The Third Muse of Ivan Shmelev
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Osminina Elena A.
Published: March 2024

The article aims to find out how the story of Dasha, described by Shmelev in the letters to O.A. Bredius-Subbotina in 1941–1942, was reflected in the writer’s work. The letters, the memoirs, and the historical materials allow us to reconstruct the biography of D.V. Zamotina. D.V. Zamotina’s letter to I.S. Shmelev dated May 1, 1937, from the archive of the Alexander Solzhenitsyn House of Russian Abroad Archive is introduced into scientific circulation. The article proves that the Zamotin family significantly contributed to the preservation and transfer to the national archives of the writer’s prerevolutionary heritage. The story of Dasha is comparable with his stories “The Grapes” (1913), “In the Manor” (1914), novels The Story of a Love (1927), and The Heavenly Paths (1937, 1948). The article notes the similarity of the portraits of the heroines, their social status, the individual details, the scenes, the images, and the motifs. The article takes into account modern literary works, which analyze the considered images and the motifs. The results show that Dasha Zamotina is the embodiment of the “Shmelev’s girl.” In conclusion, the article considers the work of the writer as a whole, highlights his favorite characters, and notes the similarity of pre-revolutionary and emigrant pathos — “organic democracy”; for this reason, Dasha can be called the Muse of Shmelev with a capital letter.
Chaucer’s Early Poem “Book of the Duchess”: Features of Topics
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Semenov Vadim B.
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the meaning of the poem The Book of the Duchess by Geoffrey Chaucer, which is considered as a multi-layered structure. Traditionally popular topics in Chaucerian studies related to this work are those that involve discussion of questions about the validity of the publishers’ choice of one of the surviving titles for the poem, about the correlation of the images of the main characters, including the Dreamer, in the plot and narrative, about the motivation for the two-part type of composition (The Proemium and The Dream) and the function of using in the plot of the retelling from Ovid’s Metamorphoses (the story of Ceyx and Alcyone), and finally, about the connection of this retelling with the “Boethian” poems of Guillaume de Machaut. The author of the article consistently touches on the essence of the listed issues, in order to finally present his own concept of the form and meaning of Chaucer’s early poem. In particular, the primacy of the image of the lady lost by the knight is questioned. The author of the article proposes to consider the structure of the work as a voluminous, multi-layered object, under the outer layer of which (the praising of the queen stolen by Fortune, whose prototype was Blanche the Duchess of Lancaster) there is a layer with a focus on the complaining knight (and the implicit function inherent in the elements of this layer of praising this knight for his courtliness, education, and qualities of a lover), which, in turn, hides the third layer, the semantic core of which is in the theme of Chaucer’s own competition with Guillaume de Machaut and Ovid in the realm of poetic fantasies.
Ariosto and Tasso in the New Russian Translations
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Andreev Mikhail L. ,   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: March 2024

The article examines the new translations of the two major literary monuments of the Italian Renaissance — poems The Frenzy of Orlando (“Orlando furioso”) by Ludovico Ariosto and Jerusalem Delivered (“Gerusalemme liberata”) by Torquato Tasso. Ariosto’s translation does not meet any of the criteria for a quality translation: not only the criterion of style unity but even the criterion of linguistic correctness. The translator Tasso, having set himself the goal of conveying, first of all, the original poetry, takes systematic and unacceptable semantic and figurative liberties when working with a poem classified as a literary canon.
Sosialisasi penguatan etika melalui Pendidikan Agama Kristen untuk membentuk moralitas siswa SMPN 58 Batam
Authors: Gulo Yaaman , Putri Jelita Hia Elvi , Maria Trisiawati Syela , Handayani Waruwu Justine , Nidarmawati Batee Bernada , Lina Panggabean Mega , Edomta Sihombing Obed , Sari Harefa Mely , Kartini Sipahutar Frilia , Yando Elsawan , Amelia Malau Cikita , Marbun Roganda
Published: March 2024

Tujuan pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan solusi atas krisis moralitas yang sedang terjadi di kalangan pelajar masa kini. Masalah moralitas pelajar saat ini begitu memprihatinkan seperti melanggar aturan sekolah, melawan guru dan orang tua, serta pergaulan dan seks bebas. Salah satu upaya untuk mencegah krisis tersebut adalah dengan melakukan penguatan etika melalui Pendidikan Agama Kristen di sekolah. Kegiatan PkM yang dimaksud dilaksanan di SMPN 58 Batam dengan jumlah peserta didik sebanyak 39 orang. Berdasarkan evaluasi yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil bahwa kegiatan sosialisasi yang dimaksud memberikan manfaat bagi peserta didik untuk membangun moralitas yang lebih baik. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan kerjasama yang baik dari semua pihak baik sekolah dan juga orang tua untuk membangun moralitas peserta didik melalui penguatan etika dengan integrasi Pendidikan Agama Kristen di sekolah.
Ingredientes alternativos e naturais na nutrição de cães e gatos
Authors:   , Dinis Júnior Alex
Published: March 2024

A busca por uma vida mais natural e saúdavel se reflete aos cuidados com animais domésticos e no interesse em fornecer uma alimentação mais natural. Foram avaliados na literatura os principais ingredientes alternativos e naturais que possam ser implementados na dieta de cães e gatos, visando benefícios para a saúde. Comparando essas espécies, é notável diferenças fisiológias e digestivas entre elas, assim como necessidades nutricionais específicas, onde o cão se enquadra como onívoro e o gato como estritamente carnívoro. Carboidratos, lipídeos, proteínas, minerais e vitaminas são nutrientes essenciais para a manutenção da vida, fornecidos na alimentação. A quantidade e a escolha de alimentos devem ser cuidadosamente balanceados, levando em consideração fatores como peso, idade, atividade física e saúde do animal, além da boa qualidade e segurança ao consumo. Na dieta podem ser implementados carnes, frutas, legumes, verduras, grãos, cereais, ossos e cartilagens. Quando introduzidos corretamente e de forma balanceada, esses alimentos naturais formam uma alimentação completa e saudável aos pets, trazendo benefícios à saúde além de ser uma opção atrativa e palatável para eles. É recomendável a orientação de um Médico Veterinário nutrólogo sobre a dieta adequada para cada pet.
Polycyclitol derivatives restore long-term memory by regulating cdk5/p25 based tau signaling in experimental cerebral malaria
Authors: Simhadri Praveen , Rashid Showkat , Karri Shailaja , Bhat Bilal , Babu Phanithi Prakash , Mehta Goverdhan
Published: March 2024

Tau hyperphosphorylation at Ser396/404 and its adverse neurological
effects have been evident in animal models of cerebral malaria (CM). As
a counter measure, quest for novel pharmacological therapeutics to
ameliorate tau hyperphosphorylation in neurodegeneration and restore
behavioural and cognitive functions with high efficacy in CM has been at
the forefront of neurobiological studies. In this study, using
experimental model of cerebral malaria (ECM), we administered four
different polycyclitol derivatives, SR4 (01-04) as an adjunctive to ARM
therapy resulting in alleviation of cdk5/p25 based tau signaling cascade
and restoration of long-term memory. Limitations of scyllo-inositol and
rational to synthesize these polycyclitols efficiently has also been
captured in the backdrop. Initially, we studied long-term, short term
memory and novelty based learning by conducting Barnes maze, T-maze and
novel object recognition task in treated animal groups. The cognitive
outcomes of SR4-02 (15) and SR4-04 (18) treated groups exhibited better
learning and memory compared to SR4-01 (16) and SR4-03 (17) groups. We
further evaluated cdk5/p25 and tau phosphorylation protein expression
using western blotting, immunohistochemistry and Golgi-cox staining to
study neuronal arborization pattern. Immunohistochemical analysis of
hippocampal and cortical tissue regions showed reduced phospho tau
expression in SR4-03 (17) and SR4-04 (18) groups compared to CM group.
Similarly, Golgi-cox images showed increased neuronal density in Cornus
Ammonis (CA1) and CA3 regions of hippocampus and cortex of SR4-02 (15),
SR4-03 (17) and SR4-04 (18) treated mice. Overall, based on our
findings, polycyclitol derivatives have the potential to alleviate tau
levels and restore cognition in ECM.
Advances in the study of the effects of anesthetics on the neural circuit of the brain
Authors: Wang Shi-Feng , Mei Jin-Lin , Shen Le-Chen , Xiao Qiu-Xia , Xiong Liu-Lin
Published: March 2024

The brain is composed of various neurons that play crucial roles in
physiological activities by forming neural circuits through complex
connections. Despite the evolving research in anesthesia and brain
science, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis revealing the current
status and trends in the intersection of these fields is yet to be
conducted. Our study aims to visualize the literature related to
anesthesia and neural circuits using bibliometric analysis, thereby
providing a reference and overview for researchers new to this area. We
found that research on anesthesia and neural circuits has become a focal
point, particularly in China and the United States. A keyword
co-polymerization analysis indicated current research interests center
around anesthesia, consciousness, propofol, isoflurane, ketamine, and
the brain. Key neural circuits associated with anesthesia, including
those related to sleep, loss of consciousness, and memory, were
highlighted. These insights could guide future research and offer a
foundation for newcomers to the field. Furthermore, our review of
general anesthesia and neural circuit profiles summarized the neural
circuits involved in commonly used anesthetics such as propofol,
sevoflurane, isoflurane, dexmedetomidine, highlighting pathways like the
cortical-cortical, thalamic-cortical, and basal forebrain-locus
coeruleus. In conclusion, we identified a significant gap in research
concerning the neural circuits related to the mechanisms of general
anesthesia, an area that warrants further exploration.
The organic structure of human mind
Authors: UNNITHAN AJAYA KUMAR AYYAPPAN
Published: March 2024

The structural theory of mind by Sigmund Freud stated of id, ego, and
superego. The ‘triune brain theory’ put forward by MacLean simply
describes the functional levels of the brain: ‘reptilian brain’,
‘paleomammalian brain’, and ‘neomammalian brain’. The neocortex gave the
capacities for higher mental functions. The aim of the study is to
formulate a model for the human mind based on the current knowledge of
neuroanatomy, physiology, and biochemistry. The anatomic substrates for
consciousness, perception, memory, language, emotions, abstraction,
social judgement and self-awareness are analysed. The consciousness is
mediated by the ascending reticular activating system. The multiple
perceptions are analysed by the association cortices. The hippocampal-
entorhinal circuitry is the site for memory processing. In the model for
language, there is a ventral infratemporal stream for semantic
comprehension, and a dorsal stream for phonological processing. The
limbic system is the neural substrate for emotions. The abstraction is
by the hippocampal-prefrontal circuitry. The prefrontal cortex is
essential for social cognition. The association fibres and the
commissural fibres connect the areas. The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the
hypothalamus is the pacemaker of the biological clock. The
neurotransmitters such as glutamate, dopamine, norepinephrine,
histamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid are involved in the modulation of
all these.The ascending arousal system, limbic system, memory and
language circuits, association areas, and the prefrontal cortex
constitute the basic structural substrate for the human psyche. The
functions are dependent on the balance between the excitatory and
inhibitory activities of the neurotransmitters.
A Comparison of Regression Methods for Inferring Near-Surface NO2 with Satellite Data
Authors: Kim Eliot J , Holloway Tracey , Kokandakar Ajinkya , Harkey Monica , Elkins Stephanie , Goldberg Daniel , Heck Colleen
Published: March 2024

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is emitted during high temperature combustion
from anthropogenic and natural sources. Human exposure to high NO2
concentrations causes cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses. The EPA
operates ground monitors across the U.S. which take hourly measurements
of NO2 concentrations, providing precise measurements for assessing
human pollution exposure but with sparse spatial distribution.
Satellite-based instruments capture NO2 amounts through the atmospheric
column with global coverage at regular spatial resolution, but do not
directly measure surface NO2. This study compares regression methods
using satellite NO2 data from the TROPospheric Ozone Monitoring
Instrument (TROPOMI) to estimate annual surface NO2 concentrations in
varying geographic and land use settings across the continental U.S. We
then apply the best-performing regression models to estimate surface NO2
at 0.01o by 0.01o resolution, and we term this estimate as quasi-NO2
(qNO2). qNO2 agrees best with measurements at suburban sites
(cross-validation (CV) R2 = 0.72) and away from major roads (CV R2 =
0.75). Among U.S. regions, qNO2 agrees best with measurements in the
Midwest (CV R2 = 0.89) and agrees least in the Southwest (CV R2 = 0.65).
To account for the non-Gaussian distribution of TROPOMI NO2, we apply
data transforms, with the Anscombe transform yielding highest agreement
across the continental U.S. (CV R2 = 0.78). The interpretability,
minimal computational cost, and health relevance of qNO2 facilitates use
of satellite data in a wide range of air quality applications.
Exploring the Relationship between Visit Frequency and Emotional Responses of Wheelchair Users on Forest Paths in Barrier-Free Tourism
Authors:   The Convergence Tourism Contents Society, Lee Dukjae
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This study investigated the experiences of wheelchair users participating in forest healing activities through barrier-free tourism on a specially designed forest trail catering to disabled and elderly individuals. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences and effects of forest healing activities among wheelchair users and examine how these emotional responses to forest landscapes differ based on the number of visits.
Methods: The target participants for the survey were individuals with disabilities who utilized wheelchairs for mobility. The structured questionnaires were collected and analyzed. ANOVA with Scheffe’s test was employed to assess differences in means among the variables.
Results: The results indicated that natural scenery was the most favored factor among wheelchair users engaging in forest healing activities. Participants displayed a significantly positive emotional response to the natural surroundings, with an average affective appraisal score of 4.33. The frequency of visits was found to have a statistically significant influence on emotional evaluation, as higher visit numbers correlated with higher emotional ratings. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that the recovery experience, encompassing the sense of security and relief from psychological tension provided by the natural scenery, increased significantly across different visit groups (once visit, 2-9 visits, and 10 or more visits).
Conclusion: It is implied that more frequent engagement in forest healing activities strengthen the recovery experience and improve stress coping abilities. These findings highlight the importance of expanding barrier-free forest trails to enable diverse and frequent forest healing experiences for disabled and elderly individuals.
A Study on the Effect of the Characteristics of Tourism Content on Proxy Satisfaction, Tourism Attitude, and Image of Tourist Destinations
Authors:   The Convergence Tourism Contents Society, Kim Myung Jin , Kang Shin Kyum
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This study proposed a theoretical review and practical implications on vicarious satisfaction, which is one of the psychological reactions of consumers different from empathy in tourism influencer marketing, which has recently been in the spotlight as a tourism marketing communication tool. To this end, what are the independent variables that cause vicarious satisfaction, and the impact of vicarious tourism satisfaction with the content created in this way on tourism attitudes and image of tourist destinations were examined through a structural equation model.
Methods: This study was set as a poster for those who have watched tourism content. Online and paper surveys were conducted at the same time, and the survey period was analyzed from October 01 to November 15, 2023.
Results: In conducting this study, the survey targets people with experience watching tourism content, and 312 out of 324 copies were recovered, of which 263 surveys were empirically analyzed. As a result of this analysis, timeliness, reliability, usefulness, and interactivity affected proxy satisfaction, and proxy satisfaction affected tourism attitude and tourist destination image.
Conclusion: This study will contribute to the expansion of research on tourism content and proxy satisfaction, and provided practical implications for tourism content development. This suggests that in order for tourism content to highly interactive, and reliable content for consumers, and the fact that the interaction between tourism content and consumers played an important role has great implications for tourism industry workers.
Consolidation and characterization of Cu, Mg substituted hydroxyapatite by cold sintering
Authors: Hmood Firas , Sabri Israa , Najim Allaa
Published: March 2024

Cold sintering method is an effective route to consolidate powders at temperatures below 300?C. In this study, pure and (Cu, Mg) substituted hydroxyapatite were sintered at 250?C. Ultrapure and substituted hydroxyapatite powders were synthesized by wet precipitation method. Sintering pressure of 250 MPa was used to compact the powders while they were heated simultaneously. 10% (H3PO4) solution was used as a transsolvent for the ionic-substituted hydroxyapatite while distillated water was supplied to the pure one. The yield geometries were characterized for density, thermal stability, microstructure, and the biodegradation in Tris-HCl buffer. The findings indicate that the pure hydroxyapatite compacts has a density of 2.876 g/cm3 (86% TD). Owing to the low sintering temperature the resulting hydroxyapatites have not experienced thermal decomposition, besides no additional phases have appeared. Biologically, the sintered sample (Cu0.25Mg0.75Ca9(PO4)6(OH)2) showed larger degradability (0.0001 g/mm2) than to others after one day of immersion.
The expression of renin-angiotensin system components in human carotid plaque
Authors: Kolakovic Ana , Bundalo Maja , Djuric Tamara , Koncar Igor , Stankovic Aleksandra , Zivkovic Maja
Published: March 2024

Background/Aim. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is linked to the development of atherosclerosis (As), including its initiation and progression. Besides the well-known angio-tensin-converting enzyme (ACE), two newer RAS family members are related to vascular remodeling ? ACE2 as a homolog of ACE and collectrin [transmembrane protein 27 (TMEM27)] as a homolog of ACE2. Up to now, a limited number of studies have examined the expression of these RAS components in advanced carotid plaque (CP) tissue based on the sex of the patients and plaque phenotypes (PPs). There are two ultrasonographically defined PPs ? the hypoechogenic plaque (HoP) and the hyperechogenic plaque (HerP) phenotype. The aim of the study was to investigate whether there was a correlation between the expression of RAS components in the CP and the sex and PPs of patients. Methods. We examined 74 patients with advanced CP who underwent carotid endarterectomy. The intraplaque expression of RAS components was determined with the real-time polymerase chain reaction, using the TaqMan? gene expression assays and Western blot. A two-way ANOVA followed by a post-hoc Tukey test was performed for the statistical analysis of results. Results. No interaction was recorded between the sex of the patients and PPs in influencing the relative expression of ACE and TMEM27 messenger RNA (mRNA) (p > 0.05). In 56.06% of plaque samples, no expression of ACE2 mRNA was detected. Among the plaques where ACE2 mRNA expression was detected, its expression level was higher in females with the HoP phenotype compared to females with the HerP phenotype (p < 0.001). In patients with the HoP phenotype, females had higher expression of ACE2 mRNA than males (p < 0.05). In the male study group, ACE protein levels were significantly lower in the HoP phenotype compared to the HerP phenotype (p < 0.001). Fe-males with the HoP phenotype had significantly higher ACE protein levels than males with the HoP phenotype (p < 0.0001). Conclusion. Our results revealed alterations in the expression levels of ACE and ACE2, at the mRNA and protein levels, in advanced carotid As. These alterations are impacted by sex and PP and may indicate a switch from the balanced RAS/ACE/ACE2 axis in the healthy blood vessel to the unbalanced axis in vascular remodeling due to As.
Higher degree of dysfunctional attitudes and beliefs and higher scores of frustration intolerance in women with unsuccessful weight loss
Authors: Tepsic-Ostojic Vesna , Stojanovic Zvezdana , Mraovic Tatjana , Ristic-Medic Danijela
Published: March 2024

Background/Aim. Obesity is a chronic and relapsing condition, and since recently, it has been considered a global epidemic. Current guidelines for tripartite treatment of obesity emphasize a program of lifestyle modifications such as medical nutrition therapy, aerobic exercise, and behavioral intervention. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether specific psychological factors (general attitudes and beliefs and frustration tolerance) could be predictors of successful weight loss, i.e., factors that can be further addressed as part of the integrated therapy approach. Methods. A total of 84 consecutive overweight and obese female participants who were apparently healthy and homogeneous in age, level of education, and marital or employment status were prescribed the same medical nutrition therapy protocol as a single six-month therapeutic intervention. Prior to starting the therapy, the General Attitude and Belief Scale (GABS) and the Frustration Discomfort Scale (FDS) were administered. The participants were divided into two groups: successful (group A) and unsuccessful (group B). Group A, or the successful group [with the mean body mass index (BMI) ? standard deviation (SD) of 24.1 ? 5.81 kg/m2], consisted of 40 participants who have reached the corresponding loss, i.e., they lost ? 10% of the starting body weight (BW). Group B, or the unsuccessful group (with the mean BMI ? SD of 28.51 ? 2.74 kg/m2), consisted of 44 participants who have not reached the corresponding loss, i.e., they lost < 10% of the starting BW. Results. Participants in group B had significantly higher scores (p < 0.05) on the GABS subscales for the Need for Approval, Need for Comfort, and Other Downing. A statistically significant difference between groups (p < 0.05) was shown for FDS subscales of Emotional Intolerance, Entitlement, and Achievement Frustration. Conclusion. Results of our study showed that participants who were unsuccessful in medical nutrition therapy had a higher degree of dysfunctional attitudes and beliefs and higher scores of frustration intolerance when compared to successful participants. The recommendation, based on our results, would be to include psychotherapeutic techniques in the integrative obesity treatment, aimed at cognitive changes and increasing frustration tolerance.