bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microscopical, histochemical and fluorescence evaluation of Tectona grandis L. leaves dye extract
Authors: Karunanithi Amutha , Robert Sagaya
Published: October 2023

Teak leaves can also aid in the treatment of inflammations, leprosy, skin diseases, and indolent ulcers. Dyes are important in human life because they are both safe and environmentally friendly. The term macroscopic refers to substances that can be seen with the naked eye, whereas the term microscopic refers to substances that cannot be seen without the use of a magnifying device. It is possible to identify and localise biomolecules and organelles at the cellular level in various types of cells and tissues using histochemical techniques. Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that emits electromagnetic radiation. The results shows that the Tectona grandis leaves have dorsal and ventral surfaces that are 30-60cm long and 20-30cm wide. Teak leaf powder was treated with diluted ammonia and H2SO4 to produce a yellow colour, indicating the presence of flavonoids. A few drops of Fecl3 produced a black colour, indicating the presence of tannin. Blue, green or red coloration indicates the presence of polyphenol, while dinitrophenol hydrazine indicates the presence of terpenoids. Under both regular and UV light, the fluorescence behaviour of teak powder under various situations was investigated.
Implementation of the isolated vascular tissue model as a device for the validation of medicinal plants: Study of the vasodilator activity of Salvia scutellarioides.
Authors: Ramírez Jorge Hernán , Palacios Mauricio , Gutiérrez Oscar
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Salvia scutellarioides is a plant with antihypertensive and diuretic properties. In this study, its vasodilator effect is evaluated using the isolated organ technique. Objectives: To standardize the isolated vascular organ, and to study the effect of S. scutellarioides in vasoconstriction by alfa 1 receptors stimulation. Methodology: Rat aortic rings were placed in an organ bath equipment (BIOPAC®), at 37o C temperature and constant carbogen gas bubbling. Tension changes were registered with an isometric tension transducer and data acquisition equipment. During the standardization, six curves of concentration-tension with phenylephrine at 1, 3 and 5 hours were registered, in order to determine maximum tension (TM), and the effective concentration 50 (EC50). Finally, three concentration-tension curves were obtained for phenylephrine with S. scutellarioides at a concentration of 10 mg/dl and 20 mg/dl. Results: During the technique standardization, no statistically significant differences were found in TM for phenylephrine at 1, 3 and 5 hours. The administration of S. scutellarioides produced a TM dose dependent reduction with no EC50 changes. Discussion: The implemented isolated organ technique is viable up to 5 hours, and does not produce alfa 1 receptors desensibilization. The TM diminution by S. scutellarioides is explained by a non competitive alfa 1 antagonism effect. Studies to isolate active principles for allowing the initiation of phase I human clinical trials are required.
PENTINGKAH KARAKTERISTIK PERUSAHAAN DAN TIPE INDUSTRI PADA PENGUNGKAPAN ANTI KORUPSI?
Authors: Ristiana Widianing Tyas  , Rahmawati Isna Putri
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the influence of company size, industry type, and international operation on anti-corruption disclosures in non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2020 period. The purposive sampling method is used to determine the sample in this study. This study has 170 observations with 85 companies. The content analysis method extracts the anti-corruption information in the sustainability report and annual reports. This study uses 12 checklist items from GRI 205 to measure the extent of anti-corruption disclosure. The analytical method used in this study is multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that company size and industry type have a positive and significant effect on anti-corruption disclosures. Meanwhile, international operations do not affect anti-corruption disclosures.
IMPLIKASI PENERAPAN IFRS 9 PADA DAYA PREDIKSI CKPN TERHADAP KERUGIAN KREDIT BANK
Authors: Heniwati Elok
Published: October 2023

Changes in accounting standards affect the formation of loan loss provisions (LLP), which impacts bank reporting of actual credit losses. It is assumed that IFRS 9 with a forward-looking approach, produces a higher predictive power for LLP than it according to a backward-looking approach (IAS 39). This study compares the ability of LLP to predict bank actual credit losses between the periods of IAS 39 and IFRS 9. For this purpose, the study observes quarterly data of 3,022 data originating from a sample of banks in Indonesia (2,461) and Thailand (561) for the period IAS 39 (2018–2019) and IFRS 9 (2020–2021). This study applied some analyses, including the correlation and the general least squares method. The study results show that the predictive ability of PKP for the IFRS 9 period is higher than the IAS 39 period, which is consistent with the forward-looking ECL model. Furthermore, related to the interaction between standards and incentives, this study found that the predictive power of PKP regarding actual credit losses (KRG) in the IFRS 9 period was higher for banks with high-income levels but lower for large banks. The main limitation is that the study is a short period of IFRS 9 in both countries. The impact of implementing IFRS 9 can help regulators and associations of professional accountants in Indonesia and Thailand consider appropriate strategies to promote the application of IFRS 9. This research empirically observes the marginal impact of implementing IFRS 9 regarding forming loan loss reserves to predict KRG using data from ASEAN countries.
Visualizing the initial steps of blood clotting by SARS-Cov2 Spike protein
Authors: Mizuno Naoko , Biertuempel Christian
Published: October 2023

The SARS-Cov-2 Spike protein has been attributed to many peculiar symptoms of COVID-19, like blood clotting and tissue damage. Using the cutting-edge cryo-electron tomographic technique, we directly observed SARS-Cov2 Spike proteins acting on the platelet surface. Our finding explains why SARS-Cov-2 can significantly jeopardize blood clotting compared to other coronaviruses.
Atopic dermatitis in teenagers and adults: Clinical features of a tertiary referral hospital
Authors: Starling Larissa , Junior Sérgio Duarte Dortas , Lupi Omar , Valle Solange
Published: October 2023

Objectives:

This study based on an epidemiological registry aimed to characterize the clinical, epidemiological presentation and impact of atopic dermatitis on the quality of life (QoL) of teenagers and adult patients treated at the outpatient clinic of Atopic Tertiary Referral Hospital in Brazil.

Material and Methods:

Ambidirectional study, with prospective and retrospective data collection of patients, aged ≥13 years, diagnosed with AD. Sociodemographic, clinical information, and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were obtained using a specific protocol, as well as assessment of QoL using the psychosomatic scale for atopic dermatitis (AD) (PSS-AD) questionnaire.

Results:

Seventy patients were enrolled, 43 (61.4%) were female and 54 (77.1%) were ≥18 year. The mean age of AD patients was 29.2 years (standard deviation ± 15.5). Most AD symptom associates were itching (100%) followed by insomnia (74.3%). Emotional distress was the most frequently self-reported AD triggering factor (90%). With this study, we have demonstrated that AD type 2 inflammation (97.1%) was most common, which is characterized by high IgE levels. Moreover, 44.3% and 45.7% of patients evaluated by the scoring atopic dermatitis index score, had severe and moderate disease respectively. The PSS-AD questionnaire showed negative mental health impact in AD patients.

Conclusion:

Adults and teenagers (≥ 13 years) with persistent AD need global management, including psychological and mental health support.
Estudo de corpus sobre a anáfora pronominal em interpretação simultânea
Authors: Correia Ana , Araújo Sílvia
Published: October 2023

This paper aims to analyse and describe the functioning of pronominal anaphora in English-Portuguese and Portuguese-English simultaneous interpreting. For this purpose, we selected a random sample of 24 speeches from the plenary sessions of the European Parliament. This small sample was taken from a larger pool of speech transcripts, which will be included in an interpreting corpus to be compiled at the University of Minho. We begin by providing some theoretical notions on interpreting and on the recent paradigm of corpus-based interpreting studies. Finally we analyse some examples to illustrate the instances where pronominal anaphora poses a challenge for the interpreters.
ISMER: A Frequency Attenuated Mechanical Metamaterial for Novel Earthquake Dampening Applications at a Cost-Effective Approach
Authors: Reddy Suraj
Published: October 2023

Materials with special geometrically designed microstructures, referred to as metamaterials, have gained significant attention in the world due to their unique properties of toughness and failure-resistance. The ability to simply alter the internal geometry of almost any material to exponentially increase strength is incredibly enticing due to the feasibility and possibilities of billions of designs that can change the entire scope of how a material behaves. However, mechanical metamaterials have yet to be majorly implemented at a large scale to solve our crucial problems. A major problem the world faces today is producing stronger construction materials to prevent events such as Earthquake collapses, while still maintaining scalability and cost-effectiveness for earthquake prone regions such as Syria and Turkey. This is where ISMER (Internal Structural Modification for Earthquake Resistance), a novel metamaterial design, finds its place in the world of lost-cost earthquake resistance. Convergent Finite Element Analysis methods were used to design and simulate the behavior of a special class of mechanical metamaterials under randomized-seismic loading and 3D printing techniques to fabricate the physical specimens. Afterwards, scaled models and nanoscale mechanics were explored with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), ISMER was improved in terms of magnitude resistance. Within the methods of this study, 8 modular varieties, 2 to 16 units, are considered, as the structure transitions from an hourglass to honeycomb structure as distance increases, with 8 units being a perfectly vertical support and the control. These designs and measurements are proportional to the specimen itself, so ISMER can be implemented into any Newtonian solid. The study resulted in a rich understanding of how to manipulate any material’s strength by manipulating the microscale, in which a mathematical model was postulated, and prototype models were fabricated and tested. It was found that the 16 units case (honeycomb) was the most optimal for a variety of tests such as Frequency Attenuation and Richter Scale Simulations and has major potential to be feasibly implemented into manufacturing of housing materials as it showcased resistance to earthquakes of magnitude 6.
Wage adjustment in efficient long-term employment relationships
Authors: Elsby Michael W.L. , Gottfries Axel , Krolikowski Pawel M. , Solon Gary
Published: October 2023

We present a model in which efficient long-term employment relationships are sustained by wage adjustments prompted by shocks to idiosyncratic productivity and the arrival of outside job offers. In accordance with casual and formal evidence, these wage adjustments occur only sporadically, due to the presence of renegotiation costs. The model is amenable to analytical solution and yields new insights into a number of labor market phenomena, including: (1) key features of the empirical distributions of changes in pay among job stayers; (2) a property of near-“memorylessness” in wage dynamics that implies that initial hiring wages have only limited influence on later wages and allocation decisions; and (3) a crucial role for nonbase pay—specifically, recruitment and retention bonuses—in sustaining efficient employment relationships.
Efek Protektif Ekstrak Kulit Batang Bakau Rhizophora apiculata terhadap Kerusakan Histologi Paru Rattus norvegicus yang Diinduksi Asap Rokok
Authors: Mustofa Syazili , Tarigan Clara Yulianti
Published: October 2023

Rhizophora apiculata berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini membandingkan efek protektif beberapa ekstrak kulit batang Rhizophora apiculata pada paru tikus yang terpapar asap rokok. Penelitian ini menggunakan 30 tikus yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok. Kelompok KN adalah kontrol normal yang tidak dipaparkan asap rokok. 5 kelompok lainnya mendapat paparan asap rokok 24 batang/hari selama 30 hari. K1 hanya dipaparkan asap rokok, kelompok K2 dipaparkan asap rokok dan diberikan vitamin C dengan dosis 9 mg/kgBB perhari. Kelompok lainnya dipaparkan asap rokok dan diberikan ekstrak etanol (P1) ekstrak methanol (P2) ekstrak n-heksana (P3) kulit batang Rhizophora apiculata. dengan dosis 56,55 mg/kgBB per hari selama 30 hari. Pada hari ke-31, tikus diterminasi dan dilakukan pemeriksaan mikroskopis paru untuk melihat kerusakan jaringan paru pada perbesaran perbesaran mikroskop 400x. Hasil rerata persentase kerusakan paru pada KN, K1, K2, P1, P2, dan P3 secara berurutan adalah 2; 40,667; 23,333; 20; 25,333; 24. Hasil skoring kerusakan paru pada KN, K1, K2, P1, P2, dan P3 secara berurutan adalah 0,06; 1,22; 0,70; 0,60; dan 0,76. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p-value
Telehealth “SIPISPeKa_G2” sebagai Tindak Lanjut Program Indonesia Sehat Berbasis Keluarga
Authors: Suarni Lisa , Aliyanto Warjidin , Sono Sono
Published: October 2023

Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PIS-PK) telah dimulai tahun 2015, yang diharapkan pencapaiannya tahun 2019. Program ini merupakan program pendataan indeks setiap keluarga dengan 12 indikator dan selanjutnya dilakukan intervensi bagi keluarga bermasalah sesuai dengan indikator permasalahannya. Persoalan yang muncul dari program ini adalah capaian pendataan yang masih kurang dari target dan adanya ketimpangan cakupan pendataan dan pemberian intervensi pada pelaksanaan PIS-PK mulai dari awal perencanaan hingga pelaksanaan. Oleh karenanya aplikasi Telehealth SIPISPeKa_G2 merupakan salah satu solusi untuk memperkecil ketimpangan tersebut. Aplikasi SIPISPeKa_G2 merupakan aplikasi berbasis android yang dirancang untuk pendataan indeks keluarga sehat (IKS) secara mandiri (Self Assesment) dan merupakan media komunikasi tindak lanjut terhadap permasalahan hasil pendataan bagi keluarga yang bermasalah. Desain penelitian adalah quasi eksperiman, uji coba SIPISPeKa_2. Pengambilan sampel dengan metode non probability sampling, sebagai kriteria inklusi adalah Keluarga dengan nilai IKS rendah, dan dapat mengoperasikan android, besar sampel 132. Analisis data untuk menilai kelayakan aplikasi telehealth dan dengan menggunakan T-Test Sampel Dependent. Hasil analisis univariat menyatakan bahwa SIPISPeKa_G2 layak digunakan, dan hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan nilai IKS antara yang menggunakan SIPISPeKa_G2 dengan hasil survey langsung. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa SIPISPeKa_G2 dapat menjadi alternatif self assessment IKS dan sebagai media komunikasi untuk tindak lanjut intervensi bagi keluarga dengan IKS rendah.
Efektivitas Neurodynamic Sciatic Nerve Sliders Technique dalam Meningkatkan Fleksibilitas Otot Hamstring pada Subjek dengan Short Hamstring Syndrome
Authors: Prianthara I Made Dhita , Paramurthi I.A Pascha , Astrawan I Putu , Prisajaya I Putu
Published: October 2023

Short hamstring syndrome merupakan suatu kondisi yang disebabkan oleh berkurangnya ukuran panjang jaringan otot hamstring dan menyebabkan ketegangan otot, muscle strain dan keterbatasan gerak dan fungsi yang dapat meningkatkan terjadinya risiko terjadinya nyeri pada pinggang, nyeri paha belakang dan meningkatkan risiko jatuh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas neurodynamic sciatic nerve sliders technique dalam meningkatkan fleksibilitas otot hamstring pada subjek dengan short hamstring syndrome. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan rancangan pre dan post test one group design. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 22 orang yang diberikan intervensi neurodynamic sciatic nerve sliders technique. Pengukuran lingkup gerak sendi dilakukan dengan pasif straight leg raise (SLR) dan active knee extension (AKE) menggunakan goniometer. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakan Paired Samples T Test yang diperoleh rerata selisih setelah perlakuan sebesar 21,818±1,447 pada pasif straight leg raise dan 40,455±2,567 pada active knee extension dengan nilai p=0,000. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan neurodynamic sciatic nerve sliders technique dapat meningkatkan fleksibilitas otot hamstring pada subjek dengan short hamstring syndrome.
Studi Penggunaan Antihipertensi pada Pasien Preeklampsia Rawat Jalan di Poliklinik Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Surabaya
Authors: Yana Anna Ulfa , Brata Cecilia , Irawati Sylvi
Published: October 2023

Preeklampsia merupakan penyebab angka kematian ibu (AKI) tertinggi kedua di Indonesia. Pada RSIA Bantuan 05.08.05 Surabaya, pasien dengan preeklampsia merupakan pasien rujukan terbanyak kedua setelah ibu hamil dengan ketuban pecah prematur, dan persentase pasien preklampsia secara konsisten pada RSIA ini meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien preeklampsia dan penggunaan terapi antihipertensi pada pasien preeklampsia rawat jalan di RSIA Bantuan 05.08.05 Surabaya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross-sectional. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari rekam medik pasien rawat jalan yang terdiagnosis preeklampsia di RSIA Bantuan 05.08.05 Surabaya selama periode Januari-Desember 2021. Data terkait karakteristik pasien dan penggunaan obat hipertensi didokumentasikan dan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Dari total 195 pasien preeklampsia rawat jalan, 68,21% pasien berusia 20-35 tahun, 85,64% dengan usia kehamilan 28 minggu, dan 57,44% mengalami obesitas. Amlodipin monoterapi merupakan antihipertensi yang paling sering digunakan pada pasien preeklampsia (58%), diikuti oleh nifedipin monoterapi (25%). Amlodipin merupakan anthipertensi terbanyak yang digunakan pada pasien preeklampsia rawat jalan di RSIA Bantuan 05.08.05 Surabaya. Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan untuk memastikan keamanan dan efikasi amlodipin pada ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia.
A Five-Year Bibliometric Analysis of Education 4.0 and Direction for Education 5.0 Future Research
Authors: Zainal Abidin Nur Balqishanis , Mat Jan Nur Amalina , Othman Ainin Zakiah , Thiruchelvam Loshini , Jinn Lim Shun , Abdullah Sani Sarah A’fifah , Haris Nurul Ikma , Abdul Aziz Nurhanim
Published: October 2023

Education 4.0 is a conceptual education framework for current generations. The evolution of education has continued to evolve, which in turn creates a research niche for innovation development in higher education institutions. This study aimed to analyse articles on Education 4.0 research from 2018 to 2022 using the Scopus database as well as identifying current trends in the field of education. This research examined trends in publication and citation performance, journal-related performances, most frequently cited articles, top affiliated countries, and emerging research trends. A bibliometric study was employed in achieving the objectives of the study, guided by five research questions. The study began by extracting metadata and analysing keyword co-occurrence using VOSviewer software and Microsoft Excel. Results showed that Malaysia, Mexico, and Indonesia are three of the top countries to which authors who publish about Education 4.0 research are affiliated. It was also found that there were five emerging research trends related to Education 4.0, namely (a) Education 4.0 on various educational mechanisms, features, and applications; (b) the effect of COVID-19 on the engineering education learning system and the role of Education 4.0; (c) Education 4.0 by means of modern information technologies; (d) developing a framework for innovation in Education 4.0, and (e) technology and digital transformation in Education 4.0. Two suggestions are also made for the direction of future study. Lastly, the implication of this bibliometric study on Education 4.0 informs and shapes the direction of the upcoming Education 5.0 research.
External quality assessment of orthohantavirus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus molecular detection and serology in Europe, 2021
Authors: Erdin Mert , Stanoeva Kamelia R , Mögling Ramona , Korva Miša , Knap Nataša , Resman Rus Katarina , Domingo Cristina , Reimerink Johan HJ , de Vries Ankje , Alburkat Hussein , Utriainen Mira , Gossner Céline M , Sironen Tarja , Avšič-Županc Tatjana , Reusken Chantal BEM , Vapalahti Olli
Published: October 2023

Background

Rodent-borne viruses such as orthohantaviruses and arenaviruses cause considerable disease burden with regional and temporal differences in incidence and clinical awareness. Therefore, it is important to regularly evaluate laboratory diagnostic capabilities, e.g. by external quality assessments (EQA).

Aim

We wished to evaluate the performance and diagnostic capability of European expert laboratories to detect orthohantaviruses and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and human antibody response towards orthohantaviruses.

Methods

We conducted an EQA in 2021; molecular panels consisted of 12 samples, including different orthohantaviruses (Seoul, Dobrava-Belgrade (DOBV), Puumala (PUUV) and Hantaan orthohantavirus), LCMV and negative controls. Serological panels consisted of six human serum samples reactive to PUUV, DOBV or negative to orthohantaviruses. The EQA was sent to 25 laboratories in 20 countries.

Results

The accuracy of molecular detection of orthohantaviruses varied (50‒67%, average 62%) among 16 participating laboratories, while LCMV samples were successfully detected in all 11 participating laboratories (91-100%, average 96%). The accuracy of serological diagnosis of acute and past orthohantavirus infections was on average 95% among 20 participating laboratories and 82% in 19 laboratories, respectively. A variety of methods was used, with predominance of in-house assays for molecular tests, and commercial assays for serological ones.

Conclusion

Serology, the most common tool to diagnose acute orthohantavirus infections, had a high accuracy in this EQA. The molecular detection of orthohantaviruses needs improvement while LCMV detection (performed in fewer laboratories) had 95% accuracy. Further EQAs are recommended to be performed periodically to monitor improvements and challenges in the diagnostics of rodent–borne diseases.
PRACTICAL APPROACHES TO CYBER PROTECTION OF MOBILE DEVICES WITH THE HELP OF A SOLUTION ENDPOINT DETECTION AND RESPONSE
Authors: Shtonda Roman , Chernish Yuliya , Maltseva Irina , Tsykalo Yurii , Chaika Yevhen , Polishchuk Serhiy
Published: October 2023

In this article, practical approaches to cyber protection of mobile devices using the Endpoint Detection and Response solution are considered and the results of the work carried out are given. In order to reliably protect mobile devices, the authors of the article conducted testing of CrowdStrike Falcon software; Sophos Intercept X; Palo Alto Cortex XDR included in the Endpoint Detection and Response solution. The research was conducted on personal mobile devices of employees of our institution, which work on the basis of Android and iOS operating systems. Comprehensive collection of monitoring data allows Endpoint Detection and Response to create a complete picture of potential cyber attacks. Continuous monitoring of all mobile devices – online and offline – facilitates cybersecurity analysis and response to cyber attacks/cyber incidents. This enables deep cybersecurity analysis and provides security administrators with insight into anomalies and vulnerabilities that occur in networks to anticipate future cyber threats. The detection of each threat goes beyond the scope of installed antivirus software, so Endpoint Detection and Response's ability to provide real-time response to a wide range of cyber threats allows security administrators to visualize potential cyber attacks/cyber incidents even as they impact hosts and mobile devices, and all it's in real time. The Endpoint Detection and Response solution can be considered a set of traditional antivirus software tools. Antivirus software alone is limited in scope compared to newer Endpoint Detection and Response solutions. Thus, antivirus software is part of Endpoint Detection and Response. As attackers improve their attacks and use advanced technologies to gain access to networks and user data, simple antivirus software cannot detect zero-day or multi-layer threats in a timely manner, but Endpoint Detection and Response systems can detect all types of cyber threats.
Roman Jakobson’da dilin işlevleri ve işleyiş mekanizması
Authors: NESTEROVA COŞKUN Svıtlana
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışma Roman Jakobson’un dilin işlevleri ve işleyiş prensipleri konusundaki fikirlerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Jakobson’da dil işlevleri, sözcenin iletim sürecinde dilin aktarım ve etki potansiyelini açıklayan bir kuramdır. Bu kuram dilin ve onun farklı birimlerinin işleyişinin analizinin yanı sıra, sözel söylem ve yazlı metin üretimi prensiplerini araştırır. Poetik dilin imkanını araştırmak üzere yola çıkan Jakobson, dili iki farklı perspektifle ele alır. Dili bir süreç olarak inceleyen Jakobson, bir yandan sözel etkinliğin zorunlu unsurlarını ve bunlara bağlı olan altı temel dil işlevini tespit eder. Diğer yandan, sözceyi bir yapı olarak ele alan düşünür, dilsel birimler arasındaki ilişkileri düzenleyen ilkeleri belirlemeye çalışır. Bu doğrultuda Jakobson, sözceyi oluşturma sürecinde benzerlik ve bitişiklik ilkelerine dayanan seçme ve birleştirme işlemlerinin etkili olduğunu ortaya koyar. Böylece Jakobson dilin çeşitli kullanım maksatları ile içsel süreçlerini hesaba katan bütünsel bir dil anlayışı geliştirir. Araştırmamızda öncellikle dilin Göndergesel, Duygusal, Poetik, Çağrı, Kanal Teyidi ve Metadil İşlevlerinin özellikleri, bağlı oldukları etkenler ve bunların gerçekleşmesini sağlayan dilsel araçlar analiz edilmiş ve güncel örneklerle desteklenmiştir. Ardından dilsel ifadenin şekillenmesinde etkili olduğu iddia edilen seçme ve birleştirme işlemleri yapısalcı kuram bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Özellikle “bitişiklik” kavramı üzerinde gerçekleştirdiğimiz analiz, bitişikliğin dilin sembolik parametresi ile dünyanın olgusal parametresi arasında korelasyonu sağlayarak, geçerli bağlamın oluşturulmasına hizmet ettiğini göstermiştir. Çalışmamız, Jakobson’un dil işlevleri kuramının dilin ve genel olarak insan varlığının anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Öğretmen adaylarının demokratiklik düzeylerinin incelenmesi
Authors: KAYA Fatih , DOĞAN İbrahim Halil , KIRBAÇ Metin
Published: October 2023

Araştırmada, öğretmen adaylarının demokratiklik düzeylerini incelemek amaçlanmaktadır. Nicel bir yöntemin izlendiğim araştırmada, tarama ve nedensel karşılaştırma modelleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini, 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılında İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören öğretmen adayları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın evreninde içerisinde 11 farklı bölümde öğrenim gören 608 kadın ve 203 erkek olmak üzere toplamda 811 öğretmen adayı ise araştırmanın örneklemi olarak belirlenmiştir. Örneklem belirlenirken de İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’nde eğitim-öğretime devam eden 11 farklı bölümde öğrenim gören öğretmen adayları araştırmaya dahil edilerek maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, Kaya (2021) tarafından geliştirilen “Demokratiklik Ölçeği” kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde, “Bağımsız Gruplar T (Independent-Samples T)”, “Tek Yönlü ANOVA (One-Way ANOVA)” ve betimsel istatistik testleri uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca varyansların homojen olmadığı durumlarda, “Welch” ve “Brown-Frosythe” testlerine başvurulmuş ve analizlerin yapılmasında SPSS 26.0 yazılım paket programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına bakıldığında ise öğretmen adaylarının demokratiklik düzeylerinin oldukça yüksek olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Türk Kültür Tarihinde Mecelle: Küllî Kaidelerinin Eğitim Açısından Analizi
Authors: ÖZKAN Hakan , ERDEM Cavit
Published: October 2023

Osmanlı Devleti, toplumsal hayatın düzeninde din, hukuk, ahlak ve örften yararlanmıştır. Türk hukuk ve kültür tarihinde önemli bir yeri olan Mecelle; içerisinde küllî kaidelerinin, usûl, borçlar ve eşya hukukunun yer aldığı, uygulamada yargıçlara yol gösteren, Osmanlı Devleti'nin ilk Medeni ve Medeni Usûl Kanunu olarak kabul edilmektedir. Din ile devletin, hukuk ile örfün, birey ile toplumun, eğitim ile ahlakın, medrese ile mektebin, teori ile pratiğin iç içe olduğu Osmanlı Devleti’nde modern hukuk metni olarak üretilen Mecelle’nin din, sosyoloji, hukuk, ahlak, eğitim ve öğretim boyutları da mevcuttur. Mecelle, kendi içerisinde bir felsefesi ve sistematiği bulunan, gelenekle modernliği içtihat yöntemiyle harmanlayan, genellikle dinin kaynaklarını referans alarak hukuk reformu ortaya koyan bir yenilenmenin sonucudur. Mecelle; hukuk, fıkıh ve usûlü fıkıh metni olarak incelenmiş olsa da kültür tarihi ve din eğitimi bağlamında, eğitim hedefleri, öğretim ilkeleri ve yöntemleri çerçevesinde değerlendirmesi yapılmamıştır. Çok boyutlu ve evrensel niteliği öne çıkan Mecelle’nin küllî kaidelerinin bu yönlerden analiz edilmesi din eğitimi alanında yapılan ilk çalışmadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden içerik analizinin kullanıldığı bu çalışma din ile eğitimin, hukuk ile ahlakın, teori ile pratiğin, prensipler ile değerlerin, geçmiş ile geleceğin irtibatının kurulabileceği varsayımına dayanmaktadır. Bu çalışma neticesinde İslam, Türk ve dünya hukuk ve kültür tarihinde önemli bir yeri olan Mecelle’nin küllî kaidelerinin, eğitim hedefleriyle, öğretim ilke ve yöntemleriyle ilişkili olduğu, doğru düşünmenin kurallarını, usûl ve yöntemlerini gösteren ilkeler manzumesi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
The Effect of Flipped Classroom Technique on Developing English Speaking Skills of EFL learners
Authors: DEMİR Çağlar , MİRZAİE Hossein
Published: October 2023

Various innovative language teaching techniques have been created and applied in language classes to improve students’ speaking skills. Flipped classroom technique, a new pedagogical model, has paved the way for transformation in the foreign language teaching field for it provides students with online instruction or language content in videos to be studied as homework and an opportunity to practice linguistic input in the classroom. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of the Flipped Classroom Technique on developing the English Speaking Skills of EFL learners. Semi-experimental method was used to examine the data. The population of the study was made up of Forty-seven intermediate EFL students in an English institute in Khorramabad, Iran. They were divided into two groups, experimental (males=8, females=9) and control group (males=9, females=8). Each group comprised of seventeen students. The experimental group was taught based on flipped classroom techniques while the control group was taught according to traditional methods. Besides, the participants’ age range was between 16 to 26 years old. The instruments used for data collection are the IELTS Speaking Test, Multimedia resources, Brainstorming, and the IELTS speaking rubric. The findings of the study show that there is a meaningful difference between those instructed with flipped classroom techniques and those instructed with traditional methods. Those who were taught by the flipped technique outperformed those who were instructed by the traditional methods. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the flipped classroom technique is an effective technique in terms of developing the speaking skills of EFL learners.
The Transformative Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Interpreting and Language Services
Authors: ÖZKAYA MARANGOZ Esra
Published: October 2023

The integration of artifical intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) into language services has ushered in a new era of rapid communication, transcending linguistic barriers and making multilingual content more accessible. These technologies are no longer confined to mere automation but have evolved into sophisticated tools that contribute significantly to the quality, speed, and diversity of language-related tasks. However, there are a number of aspects to be taken into consideration when addressing the notion of such new technologies to grasp the topic from a holistic point of view. This article delves into the manifold ways AI and ML are being utilized in interpreting, translation, and other language services, while acknowledging the ethical and practical considerations that accompany their implementation. This study aims to provide insights into the potential benefits and challenges of using AI in the interpreting industry and contribute to the understanding of how AI can enhance language services. The research question of this article is what are the ethical and practical considerations associated with the implementation of AI and ML technologies in language services, and how can these technologies be responsibly integrated into the interpreting industry? One of the remote simultaneous interpreting platforms- Interprefy’s recently launched virtual AI event interpreter Aivia will be examined and analysed in the article as a case study with possible implications for the interpreting industry and a number of suggestions for the utilization of such technologies will be shared.
Migraine and restless legs syndrome – is there an association?
Authors: Bučaitė D. , Normantas J. , Žemgulytė G.
Published: October 2023

Migraine and restless legs syndrome are diseases that disturb the normal quality of human life. Moreover, comorbidity of these disorders determines even more difficult condition of the patients. Migraine is a headache that can cause severe throbbing pain, usually on one side of the head, and it is often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and extreme sensitivity to light and sound. Migraine is one of the reasons that can cause unhealthy sleep, and if sleep is disturbed, this leads to the provocation of migraine attacks. Sleep disorders have various clinical manifestations, one of which is restless legs syndrome. It is a neurosensory impairment which is characterized by an unrelenting urge to move the legs that occurs or worsens at rest. For this reason, patients may complain of impaired sleep. Although the relationship between migraine and restless legs syndrome and their pathogenesis is not fully understood, current research suggests that these diseases may be related. People with restless legs syndrome are 1.23 to 2.65 times more likely to develop migraine attacks. It is believed that the occurrence of both diseases is determined by several pathophysiological factors, such as the activity of the dopamin- ergic system, iron deficiency, genetic predisposition, and changes in the gray matter of the brain. Although the association between restless legs syndrome and migraine is being investigated, the predominant pathophysiological link has not yet been established. Separate treatment of these diseases has been known for a long time. The principle of migraine treatment is to suppress pain and reduce the frequency of attacks. Treatment for restless legs syndrome is based on the relief of symptoms. Unfortunately, a common treatment for both diseases in relation to each other has not yet been approved. Because of the similar pathophysiology of these disorders, drugs that affect the dopaminergic system (e.g., pramipexole) are currently being investigated in order to relieve the symptoms of restless legs syndrome and migraine attacks.
MANEJO EN EDAD DE REPRODUCTORAS Y TEMPERATURA DE INCUBACIÓN SOBRE VENTANA DE NACIMIENTO Y CALIDAD DEL POLLITO BB
Authors: Intriago Muñoz Vicente Alejandro , Cedeño Rivera Oscar Adolfo , Hurtado Ernesto Antonio , Rivera Fernández Rubén Darío
Published: October 2023

Se evaluó el efecto del manejo en edad de reproductoras y temperatura de incubación sobre la ventana de nacimiento y la calidad del pollito bajo un diseño completamente al azar (DCA), conformado por cuatro tratamientos: huevos de reproductoras Cobb 500 de 30 semanas incubados a 37,2ºC (T1), de 34 semanas a 37,5ºC (T2) de 38 semanas a 38ºC (T3) y huevos de 42 semanas a 37,8ºC (T4). Las variables evaluadas fueron:  ventana de nacimiento (VDN), ganancia de peso (GDP), absorción del saco vitelino (ASV), peso de órganos (PDO), paquete visceral (PV) y calidad microbiológica (CM) de pollitos Los resultados en VDN evidencian diferencias significativas (p<0,05) entre los tratamientos con más pollitos nacidos para T3; mientras que, T1 obtuvo  ganancia de peso más baja 59,8 (g) frente a 71,6 (g)  T2 y T4  y 72,9 (g) T3; además, los tratamientos influyeron (p<0,05) en ASV, PDO (a excepción del corazón) y PV.  Con respecto al análisis microbiológico, se encontró presencia de E coli para T1 en todas las muestras; los análisis de los tratamientos resultaron negativos para salmonella, aspergilium y penicillium.  Se concluye que, los pollitos provenientes de reproductoras de menor edad incubados a temperatura más baja tardan más en nacer, con detrimento en las variables estudiadas inclusive la calidad del pollito BB.
A Case of Catastrophic Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Unresponsive to Eculizumab and the use of Ravulizumab Off-label
Authors: Jorge Cabrera Morales , Giuseppe Sias , Marco Manzoni , Giacomina Loriga
Published: October 2023

“A 40-year-old woman with melanoma, under treatment with Dabrafenib and Trametinib, was evaluated in our hospital for rapidly progressive deterioration of renal function”. 8 months before the current admission, the patient had been diagnosed with melanoma, and underwent radical surgery and subsequent therapy with Dabrafenib and Trametinib. After 5 months of therapy, the patient was brought to this hospital for precordial pain, with a diagnosis of myopericarditis, therapy was started for heart failure with a good response. However, the patient developed a progressive impairment of renal function, associated with hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. The peripheral smear showed the presence of schistocytes. The suspicion of atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS) was confirmed by the assay of C5B-9 induced by serum on endothelial cells, which showed a deposition of 331%, treatment with Eculizumab was initiated. After 3 administrations the patient did not improve, with further worsening of the hemolytic condition, and progression of renal damage. Due to the failure of Eculizumab, we considered the use of Ravulizumab. However, in Italy only can be administered to patients in Eculizumab stable treatment for at least three months. Nevertheless, faced with the catastrophic condition, it was decided to shift the therapy and use off-label Ravulizumab. After 10 days of the first administration, the laboratory tests showed a continuous rise in the values of haptoglobin, platelets, and hemoglobin, and a decrease in LDH. The renal function failed to return to normal values but after 20 days of therapy with Ravulizumab, there was complete resolution of the hemolytic condition.
Characteristics of new cases of infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis in patients having HIV infection with multidrug resistance of the pathogen according to multi-layer spiral computed tomography
Authors: Bazhenova Yu. V. , Zorkaltseva E. Yu. , Plotnikova Yu. K. , Vorobeva O. A.
Published: October 2023

Background. Identification of the characteristics of the pulmonary tuberculosis process using multi-layer spiral computed tomography (MSCT) in patients with tuberculosis and HIV infection is important in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, determining the dissemination of the process and its dynamics during treatment. The aim. To determine the initial characteristics and dynamics of infiltrative tuberculosis according to MSCT in patients with and without HIV infection, with and without multidrug resistance (MDR) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis who were treated in a hospital. Materials and methods. 126 patients aged 19–59 years with tuberculosis, combined with HIV infection and without HIV infection were examined. For statistical processing, we used MS Excel (Microsoft Corp., USA) software package. Results. Patients with tuberculosis and HIV infection in comparison with patients with tuberculosis and without HIV had more expressed intoxication syndrome and respiratory impairement in the clinical picture (p < 0.00001). Patients with coinfection were more likely to suffer from alcohol (p  <  0.05) and drug addiction (p < 0.001). According to MSCT, the pathological process in HIV-positive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was more disseminated (p < 0.05), included severe intrathoracic lymphadenopathy (p < 0.0001), more common pleural lesions (p < 0.005), less common destructive changes (cavities) (p < 0.001) and outcomes in form of fibro-cavernous tuberculosis (p < 0.01). Process regression was slower in patients with tuberculosis and HIV (p < 0.005). According to MSCT, extensive lung damage, intrathoracic lymphadenopathy were  more often found in patients with MDR in coinfection (p  <  0.05). Cavities and fibro-cavernous tuberculosis outcomes were more common in patients with tuberculosis without HIV infection and with MDR (p < 0.05). Conclusion. MSCT provides detailed information about the pathological process in the lungs and its dynamics under the treatment of tuberculosis and HIV infection.
Study of anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of new derivatives of condensed 3-aminothieno[2,3-b]pyridines and 1,4-dihydropyridines
Authors: Bibik I. V. , Bibik E. Yu. , Pankov A. A. , Frolov K. A. , Dotsenko V. V. , Krivokolysko S. G.
Published: October 2023

Background. α-сyanothioacetamide derivatives are promising targets for the search for effective and safe antinociceptive agents with antipyretic and antiexudative activity. The aim. To conduct in vivo experimental study of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of new thienopyridines and 1,4-dihydropyridines derivatives. Materials and methods. The synthesized cyanothioacetamide derivatives were subjected to virtual bioscreening using Swiss Target Prediction online service. 140  laboratory rats were randomly distributed into intact and control (dextran edema) groups, reference groups (acetylsalicylic acid and  nimesulide) and ten experimental groups for the investigated derivatives of thieno[2,3-b]pyridine and 1,4-dihydropyridine. The anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds at a dose of 5 mg/kg was evaluated by modeling acute dextran edema of rat paw. Determination of analgesic activity was carried out in the hotplate analgesic assay on 130 rats in comparison with sodium metamizole. Results. 1,4-dihydropyridines AZ331 and AZ420, as well as thienopyridine derivative AZ023 were determined to have strong anti-inflammatory activity (2.5 times more effective than nimesulide and 2.2 times more effective than acetylsalicylic acid). Compounds AZ023, AZ331 and AZ383 showed pronounced analgesic activity. The time of stay on the heated plate for rats of experimental groups that were fed with AZ331 and AZ383 for prophylactic purpose was respectively 9.56 and 9.93 times more than the same index in the reference group. The animals receiving AZ023 were characterized by an increase in the latent reaction time up to 241.2 seconds, which is 14.53 times higher than that in the rats received sodium metamizole. Conclusion. New thienopyridine and 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives with high antiinflammatory and analgesic activity were synthesized and studied; they were recognized as promising targets for further preclinical studies.
Pseudomembranous colitis complicated by toxic megacolon in oncological patients
Authors: Morikov D. D. , Kartashova V. V. , Shelekhov A. V. , Nikolaeva N. A.
Published: October 2023

In recent years, information on the increase in the incidence of  infection associated with Clostridioides difficile (CDI) has appeared in the literature. It is known that C. difficile which causes pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) most often affects debilitated patients who receive treatment for the main pathology for a long time. That is why PMC is most common in cancer patients receiving long-term and aggressive anticancer treatment, which is often accompanied by the use of several courses of antibiotics. The result of the irrational use of antibiotics, incorrect PMC therapy may be the  formation of toxic megacolon, intestinal perforation, sepsis, which in turn is fraught with a fatal outcome. It is this state of affairs that aroused our interest in the study of this topic. The steady increase in the incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection makes it particularly relevant to study CDI problem in relation to cancer patients, since they most often have a wide range of risk factors for developing clostridial infection. The article presents an overview of domestic and foreign sources describing this pathology, discusses epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture and current understanding of the CDI treatment. At the end of the review, we present a case of successful treatment of pseudomembranous colitis after stoma closure, which was complicated by the development of toxic megacolon. Colproctectomy was performed as part of the complex treatment of this pathology. The patient received respiratory, renal replacement, hepatoprotective, antibiotic and antifungal therapy and other treatments.
Probiotic consortiums: Structure and antagonistic activity against opportunistic bacteria and human normobiota (using the example of Escherichia coli) in vitro
Authors: Pendyukhova A. S. , Belkova N. L. , Savinova J. S. , Voropaeva N. M. , Smurova N. E. , Klimenko E. S. , Kondratov I. G. , Semenova N. V. , Rychkova L. V.
Published: October 2023

Background. Using probiotic preparations based on consortia of microorganisms not only helps to restore the balance of the intestinal microbiota, but also increases the therapeutic effect of probiotics. Promising sources for obtaining probiotic consortia are milk products that have undergone natural fermentation with the help of spontaneously formed microbial consortia. The aim. To study the structure of five microbial consortia with probiotic properties from naturally fermented milk products and to assess in vitro their antagonistic activity against opportunistic bacteria and a representative of the human normobiota – Escherichia coli. Materials and methods. The structure of bacterial consortia was analyzed by sequencing methods. The antagonistic activity of the consortia was assessed by the disk diffusion method. Results. It has been established that the studied microbial consortiums are represented by Enterococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. bacteria. In consortiums No. 1, No.  2, and No.  3, Enterococcus bacteria dominated, while in consortiums No.  4 and No. 5, Streptococcus dominated. Antagonistic activity was shown against four isolates of opportunistic bacteria: Klebsiella pneumoniae No.  493, Enterobacter hormaechei No. 372, Staphylococcus aureus No. 4 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa No. 25 IMB, as well as against one representative of the human normobiota – Escherichia coli No. 495. The highest growth delay zone is found in E. coli No. 495 isolate. Three test cultures (K. pneumoniae No. 509, E. coli ATCC25922 and P. aeruginosa No. 3 IMB) exhibited more dense growth around probiotic consortia. Conclusion. The results of the study showed that the effect of probiotic consortia differing in the composition of microorganisms can be neutral and bactericidal. The presence of antagonistic activity in the studied microbial consortia against multiresistant isolates of opportunistic bacteria is a prospect for creating probiotics with antibacterial properties.