bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in Aluminum Compounds for Catalysis
Authors: Ni Congjian , Ma Xiaoli , Yang Zhi , Roesky Herbert W.
Published: January 2022

This review highlights recent advances in the research of organoaluminum complexes in catalysis. Many fundamental transformations can be carried out by aluminum catalysts, such as hydroboration, hydroamination, copolymerization and CO2 insertion reactions, hydrosilylation, and hydroacetylenation of carbodiimides, which make use of the abundant reserves of aluminum in the earth‘s crust to accomplish the transformation. Recent research in the field has shown that these systems have extraordinary catalytic activity and are inexpensive, abundant, and environmentally friendly.
Mechanochromic Luminescence of Composites Based on (CH3NH3)PbBr3 and Layered HPs: Influence of 2D Components and Interface Multilayered Phases
Authors: Hleli Feten , Mercier Nicolas , Ben Haj Salah Maroua , Zouari Nabil , Botta Chiara
Published: January 2022

The mechanochromic luminescence (MCL) properties of crystallized powders of composites based on the 3D perovskite MAPbBr3 and one layered (2D) halide perovskite (HP) are reported for three 2D HPs selected for their distinct emission properties: (PEA)2PbBr4 (n=1) narrow emission (HE), (EDBE)PbBr4 (m=2) broad emission (LE) and (BA)2PbBr4 (n=1) dual emission (HE and LE). All composites exhibit sensitive MCL due to the activation of the 3D component emission through energy transfer (ET) from multilayered perovskites formed at the interface. While the excitonic HE band is less affected by the mechanical treatment, LE is quenched in crushed composites, suggesting that it rather originates from the crystal edge/surfaces. Full reversibility of the MCL process is obtained only when the multilayered phases formed at the interface are not stable. The emission of composite thin films, where larger 2D/3D interface areas are present, further support the role of the interfaces in the activation of 3D emission.
An enhanced cross‐layer solution for IFC applications using HTS systems at Q/V‐band
Authors: Koosha Behzad , Manoochehri Omid , Helgert Hermann J.
Published: January 2022

The Q/V band communication systems open new avenues for next generation of high‐throughput satellite (HTS) systems. More specifically, they are attractive due to their high bandwidth for user and gateway links. Having a wide bandwidth at Q/V band makes it permissible to offload the links between the satellite and its earth station hubs (gateway) from the Ka band to the Q/V band. This enables additional bandwidth available for HTS feeder links and user links of specific market verticals, which in turn results in reduction of cost per bit for in‐flight connectivity applications to provide WiFi capability on the aircraft. This study provides a deep overview of network architecture at the ground gateway infrastructure with respect to the network management system (NMS) to optimize network traffic utilization. We have looked at a gateway constellation platform which optimizes the actual cost‐efficient solution for deploying routing user traffic among the networks. In addition, the study discusses the elements involved in the NMS which interfaces with the gateway platform. The overall NMS platform design and capabilities are discussed as they provision the network service parameters throughout the entire operation. The proposed solution integrates the physical antenna, antenna control unit and the power supply into one bundle on the aircraft. This will result in approximately 10% throughput increase compared to conventional methods that do not deploy N+P gateway architecture. The proposed method has enhanced spectrum efficiency along with the NMS unit that has been discussed in detail. Finally, a wideband and multibeam antenna is introduced as an essential part of the solution followed up by simulation results.
Learn from nature: Bio‐inspired structure design for lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Lu Chao , Chen Xi
Published: January 2022

Lithium‐ion batteries have exerted great influence on our daily life as important power supply. However, lithium‐ion batteries suffer from critical challenges, including dendrite effect and insufficient ion kinetics, which lead to low efficiency and poor cycling. Bio‐inspired structures, directly learned from nature, have some special characteristics with good mechanical properties, including large surface area, numerous active sites, and ion channels. The large surface area can accommodate more ions, and active sites facilitate intermediate conversion. The well‐designed ion channels are beneficial to ion migration, and then greatly promote charge–discharge processes. Here, we summarize typical bio‐inspired structures for lithium‐ion batteries, discuss influence of these structures on battery performance. Based on the theoretical analysis and our experimental experience, we highlight the design requirement of bio‐inspired structures to enable battery devices with high power density and stable cycling life. Finally, perspectives on existing issues in the filed have been made for future directions.

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Numerical simulation of combustion, flow, and heat transfer process of an oilfield heating furnace under different production conditions
Authors: Zhao Xuefeng , Meng Lan , Ma Jianguo , Wang Ronghuan , Tian Chunyu , Lian Hongjun , Gao Xiaomeng , Wu Gang
Published: January 2022

Heating furnace is an important energy‐consuming equipment in oilfield. In order to evaluate the operation status of heating furnace more accurately, in this paper, the production process of heating furnace in an oilfield is studied by numerical simulation technology, and the specific reasons affecting its thermal efficiency are deeply explored. First, the numerical simulation model of oilfield heating furnace production process is established, which is to digitize the geometric structure of the heating furnace, study the characteristics of the geometric shape, and generate the appropriate calculation grid. Second, numerical simulation and analysis are carried out for the working process of the heating furnace under rated and nonrated conditions, respectively. The medium flow characteristics, flame shape, temperature distribution, and pipe temperature distribution in the heating furnace under different conditions are systematically discussed. Finally, through the simulation analysis, it is found that the burner rotating device is beneficial to strengthen the heat transfer, and the change of load will affect the efficiency of the heating furnace. Under the rated working condition, design exhaust temperature is 260℃, numerical result is 225.8℃, and the error is −13.2%; design export temperature of water is 60℃, numerical result is 58.1℃, and the error is −3.2%; design temperature difference between inlet and outlet of water is 30℃, numerical result is 28.1℃, and the error is −6.3%. The working process of oilfield heating furnace is a complex coupling heat transfer process of combustion, flow, and heat transfer. The numerical results show that the working process of oilfield heating furnace could be successfully realized by means of numerical simulation. Under variable load conditions, in order to ensure that the export temperature of water is close to design temperature, it is necessary to change the fuel quantity in equal proportion to the water quantity. It is hoped that the reported results provide interesting information among the oilfield heating furnace operators.
Wild relatives of potato may bolster its adaptation to new niches under future climate scenarios
Authors: Fumia Nathan , Pironon Samuel , Rubinoff Daniel , Khoury Colin K. , Gore Michael A. , Kantar Michael B.
Published: January 2022

Food production strategies and patterns are being altered in response to climate change. Enhancing the adaptation of important food crops to novel climate regimes will be critical to maintaining world food supplies. Climate change is altering the suitability of production areas for crops such as potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) making future productivity, resilience, and sustainability of this crop dependent on breeding for climate adaptation, including through the introgression of novel traits from its wild relatives. To better understand the future production climate envelopes of potatoes, and the potential of its wild relatives to contribute to adaptation to these environments, we estimated the climate of potato in four future climate scenarios and overlapped the current climate of 72 wild relative species and potato with these future climates. We discovered a shift of up to 12.5% by potato from current to novel climate by 2070 and varying magnitudes of overlap by different wild relatives with potato, primarily driven by the extent of endemism. To address the threat of novel climate on potato production and with the wealth of data available for the agrobiodiversity in potato wild relatives, we systematically developed a prioritization value inspired by the logic of the breeder's equation for locating potentially beneficial species possessing local adaptability, climatic plasticity, and interspecific crossability. In doing so, 26 unique species by discrete climate combinations are found, highlighting the presence of unique species to use in adapting potato to changing local climates. Further, the 20 highest prioritized values belong to diploid species, enforcing the drive to shift into diploid breeding by the potato research community, where introgression of the local climate adaptability traits may be more streamlined.
Sources of geomaterials in the Sicani Mountains during the Early Middle Ages: A case study of Contrada Castro, central western Sicily
Authors: Montana Giuseppe , Gasparo Morticelli Maurizio , Bazan Giuseppe , Pisciotta Filippo , Aleo Nero Carla , Marino Pasquale , Castrorao Barba Angelo
Published: January 2022

From 2017, an unknown rural settlement in Contrada Castro at Corleone (Palermo Province, western Sicily) was investigated as part of the ‘Harvesting Memories Project’. The stratigraphic sequence, supported by radiocarbon dating, has demonstrated a reoccupation of a pre‐Roman site during the transition between the Byzantine and Islamic periods. In particular, the main occupation occurred in the late 8th–9th century when pottery kilns and a probable warehouse were constructed. During the 10th–11th century, a new structure with different orientations replaced the previous buildings that had already collapsed. Specifically focusing on a perspective of the household production and its relationship to the surrounding landscapes of this site, this paper presents the results of a geological survey and petrographic analysis of ceramic finds and lithic samples to identify the source area of the geomaterials used in the studied settlement. The ceramic finds were divided into different Paste Groups based on the characteristics of a polarizing microscope study. The use of some locally available raw materials was recorded both for ceramic and lithic samples. Such an approach enables us to better understand ceramic craft technology, clay and lithic procurement strategies and, more broadly, the consumption of household pottery in the Early Medieval site in Contrada Castro. Furthermore, this study verifies the close relationship that this rural settlement had with the surrounding resources in the area and reveals a connection with the city of Palermo during the Early Middle Ages.
The promise of telemedicine in Pakistan: A systematic review
Authors: Mahdi Syed Sarosh , Allana Raheel , Battineni Gopi , Khalid Tamsal , Agha Daniyal , Khawaja Mariam , Amenta Francesco
Published: January 2022

Background

Telemedicine offers the possibility of provision of medical assistance to remote patients, and it has great potential in developing countries like Pakistan. Telemedicine solves logistical barriers, gives support to weak health systems, and helps to establish worldwide networks of healthcare professionals. Because of the high implementation costs, it is not possible yet to adopt telehealth systems for low‐ and middle‐income nations.

Objective

To present a revision of region‐based telemedical services in Pakistan.

Methods

Libraries such as PubMed (Medline), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Scopus (EMBASE), and Google Scholar were used for document search. Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS) was adopted to conduct study quality. Many of the studies (n−8) included in the review were of high quality as assessed through the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale. Selected study characteristics were further analyzed based on different parameters such as publication year, sample size, study design, methods, motivation, and outcomes.

Results

Search produced 955 articles and 11 items were ultimately selected to conduct the review. These studies were further characterized as region‐based telemedicine implementation. Out of 11, eight studies were conducted in the urban region and three studies were conducted in the rural areas of Pakistan. Many studies produced evidence on telehealth interventions by smartphone services such as SMS, apps, and web‐based telemedicine.

Conclusions

Telehealth interventions such as mHealth, eHealth, telemedicine, and telepharmacy in Pakistan were introduced starting from the last two decades. For obtaining the full benefits of these technologies, it is necessary that they but certainly need to become an integral part of Pakistan's current health infrastructure.
Pelvic floor dysfunction at transperineal ultrasound and chronic constipation in women with endometriosis
Authors: Raimondo Diego , Cocchi Laura , Raffone Antonio , Del Forno Simona , Iodice Raffaella , Maletta Manuela , Aru Anna Chiara , Salucci Paolo , Ambrosio Marco , Mollo Antonio , Youssef Aly , Casadio Paolo , Seracchioli Renato
Published: January 2022

Objective

To assess the association between sonographic findings at transperineal ultrasound (TPU) and chronic constipation (CC) in women with endometriosis.

Methods

An observational prospective cohort study was performed by enrolling all women with endometriosis scheduled for surgery between September 2019 and October 2020. Women underwent TPU at rest and during Valsalva maneuver evaluating levator‐hiatal‐area (LHA), antero‐posterior diameter (APD), and levator ani muscle (LAM) coactivation. Ultrasound findings were compared between women with and without CC in the whole study population, and subsequently in two subgroups (only ovarian endometriosis and deep infiltrating endometriosis [DIE]).

Results

In all, 87 women were enrolled: 29 (33%) with CC and 58 (67%) without CC. Women with endometriosis and CC showed a smaller LHA during Valsalva, less LHA and APD enlargement from rest to maximum Valsalva, and a higher prevalence of LAM coactivation compared with women without CC. In the ovarian subgroup, women with CC had smaller LHA at Valsalva, less enlargement of LHA and APD from rest to maximum Valsalva, and higher prevalence of LAM coactivation compared with non‐CC patients. In the DIE subgroup, TPU did not significantly differ between CC and non‐CC patients.

Conclusion

TPU signs of pelvic floor muscle hypertonia are more frequent in endometriosis patients with CC compared with those without constipation, particularly in women affected by isolated ovarian endometriosis.
Impact of nerve‐sparing posterolateral parametrial excision for deep infiltrating endometriosis on postoperative bowel, urinary, and sexual function
Authors: Ianieri Manuel Maria , Raimondo Diego , Rosati Andrea , Cocchi Laura , Trozzi Rita , Maletta Manuela , Raffone Antonio , Campolo Federica , Beneduce Giuliana , Mollo Antonio , Casadio Paolo , Raimondo Ivano , Seracchioli Renato , Scambia Giovanni
Published: January 2022

Objective

To evaluate the functional outcomes of nerve‐sparing surgery for deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) with or without posterolateral parametrectomy.

Methods

A multicenter, observational, retrospective, cohort study was performed including all symptomatic women who underwent nerve‐sparing laparoscopic excision of DIE and preoperative and postoperative assessment of functional outcomes through validated questionnaires between April 2019 and March 2020. Women with posterolateral parametrial DIE (P‐group) and women with no parametrial involvement (NP‐group) were compared in terms of preoperative and postoperative functional outcomes related to pelvic organs assessed through validated questionnaires (KESS and GIQLI for bowel function, BFLUTS for urinary function, and FSFI for sexual function); pain symptoms at 3‐month follow up assessed through an 11‐point visual analogue scale (VAS) for dyschezia, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and chronic pelvic pain; surgical outcomes; and rate of urinary voiding dysfunction at 3‐month follow up.

Results

One‐hundred patients were included: 69 in the P‐group and 31 in the NP‐group. Preoperative and postoperative values of questionnaires, pain symptoms, and postoperative complication rates were comparable between the two groups, except for postoperative dyspareunia and sexual dysfunction, which were statistically higher in the P‐group. Only patients in the P‐group experienced urinary voiding dysfunction, but no statistical significance was reached (P = 0.173).

Conclusion

Posterolateral parametrectomy for DIE appears to be associated with a higher risk of postoperative dyspareunia and sexual dysfunction.
Utilizing social and behavioral change methods in clinical pharmacy initiatives
Authors: Hemenway Alice N. , Meyer‐Junco Laura , Zobeck Bryan , Pop Marianne
Published: January 2022

Pharmacists are often involved in creating, implementing, and evaluating initiatives that aim to improve medication use. Pharmacy initiatives can occur in various settings, can involve interactions with patients or prescribers to optimize medication use, and incorporate information from multiple sources. Similar to pharmacy initiatives, public health initiatives are heterogeneous, complex, and work with the public to improve health behaviors in a variety of settings. Various program planning and health behavior change techniques are utilized in the planning of public health programs. Community‐based public health programs designed using social and behavioral theories have shown improved outcomes when compared with programs not based on theory. Given the overlapping objectives for planning community‐based public health programs and pharmacy initiatives, the use of social and behavioral theories may provide pharmacists with an additional tool to assist in creation of multi‐layered, effective pharmacy initiatives. Data supporting two health behavior theories focused on individuals (Transtheoretical Model and Health Belief Model), and one ecological model (Social Ecological Model) are reviewed and applied to three different pharmacy initiative scenarios. Greater incorporation of behavioral change theories and models may be helpful in creating effective, comprehensive pharmacy initiatives.
Applicability of amino acid derivative reactivity assay (4 mM) for the prediction of skin sensitization by combining multiple alternative methods to evaluate key events
Authors: Imamura Mika , Yamamoto Yusuke , Fujita Masaharu , Wanibuchi Sayaka , Nakashima Natsumi , Kojima Hajime , Ono Atsushi , Kasahara Toshihiko
Published: January 2022

The amino acid derivative reactivity assay (ADRA) is an alternative method for evaluating key event 1 (KE‐1) in the skin sensitization mechanism included in OECD TG442C (OECD, 2021). Recently, we found that ADRA with a 4‐mM test chemical solution had a higher accuracy than the original ADRA (1 mM). However, ADRA (4 mM) has yet to be evaluated using integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA), a combination of alternative methods for evaluating KE. In this study, the sensitization potency of three defined approaches (DAs) using ADRA (4 mM) as KE‐1 was predicted and compared with those of two additional ADRAs or direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA): (i) “2 out of 3” approach, (ii) “3 out of 3” approach, and (iii) integrated testing strategy (ITS). In the hazard identification of chemical sensitizers, the accuracy of human data and local lymph node assay (LLNA) remained almost unchanged among the three approaches evaluated. Potency classifications for sensitization were predicted with the LLNA and human data sets using ITS. The potency classifications for the sensitization potency prediction accuracy of LLNA data using any alternative method were almost unchanged, at approximately 70%, and those with ITS were not significantly different. When ITS was performed using DPRA, the prediction accuracy was approximately 73% for human data, which was similar to that of the LLNA data; however, the accuracy tended to increase for all ADRA methods. In particular, when ITS was performed using ADRA (4 mM), the prediction accuracy was approximately 78%, which proved to be a practical level.
Association of B‐cell lymphoma 2/microRNA‐497 gene expression ratio score with metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer: A propensity‐matched cohort analysis
Authors: Kattan Shahad W. , Hobani Yahya H. , Abubakr Babteen Nouf , Alghamdi Saleh A. , Toraih Eman A. , Ibrahiem Afaf T , Fawzy Manal S. , Faisal Salwa
Published: January 2022

Background

Deregulated microRNAs (miRs) significantly impact cancer development and progression. Our in silico analysis revealed that miR‐497 and its target gene B‐cell lymphoma‐2 (BCL2) could be related to poor cancer outcomes.

Purpose

To investigate the BCL2/miRNA‐497 expression ratio in colorectal cancer (CRC) and explore its association with the clinicopathological characteristics and CRC prognosis.

Methods

Archived samples from 106 CRC patients were enrolled. MiR‐497 and BCL2 gene expressions were detected by Taq‐Man Real‐Time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in propensity‐matched metastatic and nonmetastatic cohorts after elimination of confounder bias.

Results

B‐cell lymphoma‐2 gene was upregulated in metastatic samples (median = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.09–1.60) compared to nonmetastatic (median = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.89–1.25, p < 0.001). In contrast, lower levels of miR‐495 were detected in specimens with distant metastasis (median = 0.05, 95%CI = 0.04–0.20) than nonmetastatic samples (median = 0.54, 95%CI = 0.47–0.58, p < 0.001). Estimated BCL2/miR‐497 ratio yielded a significant differential expression between the two cohort groups. Higher scores were observed in metastasis group (median = 1.39, 95%CI = 0.9–1.51) than nonmetastatic patients (median = 0.29, 95%CI = 0.19–0.39, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed BCL2/miR‐497 ratio score to have the highest predictive accuracy for metastasis at presentation. The area under the curve was 0.90 (95%CI = 0.839–0.964, p < 0.001) at cut‐off of >0.525, with high sensitivity 81.1% (95%CI = 68.6%–89.4%) and specificity 92.5% (95%CI = 82.1%–97.0%). Also, the ratio score was negatively correlated with disease‐free survival (r = −0.676, p < 0.001) and overall survival times (r = −0.650, p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier curves showed lower survival rates in cohorts with high‐score compared to low‐score patients.

Conclusion

The BCL2/miR497 expression ratio is associated with poor CRC prognosis in terms of metastasis and short survival.
The plan formulation method: An empirically validated and clinically useful procedure applied to a clinical case of a patient with a severe personality disorder
Authors: Gazzillo Francesco , Curtis John , Silberschatz George
Published: January 2022

The plan formulation method (PFM) is an empirically validated procedure for identifying a patient's goals for therapy, what is hindering the patient from attaining those goals, and how the patient is likely to work in therapy. In this paper, we employ the PFM to analyze the initial psychotherapy sessions of Geena, a 30‐year‐old outpatient with borderline personality disorder and relational and substance abuse problems. Employing the PFM, we identify a family of pathogenic beliefs (e.g., that she is unlovable and unworthy; that her parents will be hurt if she has satisfying intimate relationships) that Geena sought to disprove in her therapy and explain how she worked with the therapist to do so. We illustrate how the PFM can help the therapist identify what information and what types of interventions will be helpful for a given patient.
Experiential avoidance, uncompassionate self‐responding, and peritraumatic depersonalization/derealization: A novel mediation model for war‐related PTSD symptomatology
Authors: Carvalho Teresa , Pinto‐Gouveia José , Cunha Marina , da Motta Carolina
Published: January 2022

Objective

To explore a novel model for war‐related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology including emotion regulation processes, namely experiential avoidance (EA) and uncompassionate self‐responding (USR), mediating the impact of childhood threat memories, combat exposure distress, combat and noncombat threats, and peritraumatic depersonalization/derealization (PDD) on PTSD symptomatology.

Method

A sample of 650 male Portuguese Overseas War veterans filled self‐report instruments.

Results

The model explained 59% of the variance of PTSD symptomatology. Both EA and USR mediated the effects of noncombat threats and PDD on PTSD. Additionally, EA mediated combat exposure distress and USR mediated childhood threat memories. Combat exposure distress, combat and noncombat threats, and PDD showed direct effects on PTSD symptomatology.

Conclusion

The findings help to better understand the relationship between predictive factors of war‐related PTSD in clinical and research settings, providing novel insights on the effects of combat exposure distress, and the different effects of combat and noncombat‐related threats on PTSD.
Moderating role of moral injury in the mental health of adolescent refugees
Authors: McEwen Cassandra , Alisic Eva , Jobson Laura
Published: January 2022

Objective

This study investigated whether moral injury appraisals moderated the relationships between trauma, postmigration living difficulties, resilience, and mental health outcomes in adolescent refugees.

Method

Eighty‐five adolescent refugees from a community sample completed an online survey.

Results

A significant interaction was found between moral injury and discrimination for externalizing and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms; adolescents whom had experienced high levels of discrimination combined with high levels of moral injury had poorer mental health. A significant interaction was found between moral injury and resilience for internalizing symptoms: high levels of resilience appeared to buffer the association between moral injury and internalizing symptoms. Contrary to predictions, stressful life experiences and postmigration living difficulties did not interact significantly with moral injury to predict mental health.

Conclusions

Discrimination may contribute to perpetuating poor mental health in adolescent refugees with high levels of moral injury. Resilience may buffer some of the negative effects of moral injury.
Advances in microfluidic electrochemical fuel cells in recent years
Authors: Ning Hongwei , Zhao Fuqi , Zhou Teng
Published: January 2022

Microfluidic fuel cells (MFFCs) are performing increasingly important roles in production and life, such as electronic products, sensors and real‐time equipment. The microfluidic electrochemical fuel cell (MFEFC) is a significant type of MFFC that has attracted recent global attention. Compared to the other two types, biofuel cells (MFBFCs) and photocatalytic fuel cells (MFPFCs), MFEFCs can be used in a broader range of applications and are less susceptible to external environment. This paper mainly discusses the recent progress of MFEFCs, including catalyst, fuel, electrode, oxidant, design, fabrication, model and performance. The paper summarized the latest research results and practical applications through the above aspects. The authors sincerely hope that this paper will be useful to researchers in the field. Finally, we summarize the article and outline the potential future development and applications of MFEFCs. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
An efficient and scalable synthesis of Isodesmosine
Authors: Gupta Aikan , Sharma Yogesh , Pawar Ganesh P. , Ashish  , Nihalani Deepak , Chaudhari Vinod D.
Published: January 2022

Isodesmosine is 1,2,3,5‐tetrasubstituted pyridinium‐based amino acid substituted with four lysine derivatives found in elastin which is the main component of elastic fiber. Elastin plays a vital role in providing stretchy properties to tissues and body organs. Isodesmsoine is a proven to be useful biomarker for elastin degradation during the progressing stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and related diseases. The present work reported an efficient and gram‐scale approach for the synthesis of Isodesmosine, starting from readily available Boc‐Asp‐OtBu using mild reaction conditions.
Synthetic, spectroscopic, and computational investigations of readily accessible 2‐phenyl‐3‐alkylbenzoxazaboroles
Authors: Rathnayaka Chathurika , George Sobiya , Abeysinghe Janaka P. , Lynch Vincent M. , Gross Dustin E.
Published: January 2022

We report several new benzoxazaboroles using 2‐aminophenol or 2‐(alkylamino)phenols and phenylboronic acid derivatives. Bis(benzoxazaborole)s were also synthesized using aminophenols and diboronic acids. Characterization of benzoxazaboroles and bis(benzoxazaborole)s was carried out using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV–visible, and fluorescence spectroscopic methods along with mass spectrometry and X‐ray crystallography for structural identification. Computational calculations of benzoxazaboroles and bis(benzoxazaborole)s were utilized to support and add to the experimental results. This includes calculations of conformational energies, bond lengths, HOMO‐LUMO energies, and electrostatic potential maps.
Diamides conformationally restricted with central amino acid: Design, synthesis, and biological activities
Authors: Chen Rui‐Jia , Zhou Cong , Dong Le‐Feng , Feng Ting‐Ting , Wang Gang‐Ao , Wang Jun‐Jie , Gu Yu‐Cheng , Xu Zhi‐Ping , Cheng Jia‐Gao , Shao Xu‐Sheng , Xu Xiao‐Yong , Li Zhong
Published: January 2022

Diamide insecticides, represented by chlorantraniliprole (CHL), were widely applied in the control of lepidopteran insects. In efforts to develop bioactive diamides with novel scaffolds, we design and synthesized a series of diamides containing central amino acids to conformationally simulate CHL. Bioassay results indicated that most compounds containing 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid exhibited excellent larvacidal potency against Mythimna separate and Plutella xylostella. After a systematic structure–activity relationship study, 1–23 was identified as a potential insecticidal candidate with LC50 values of 34.920 mg·L−1 against M. separate and 61.992 mg·L−1 on P. xylostella. Finally, molecular docking revealed the possible binding mode of 1–23 with the target protein, ryanodine receptors.
Cognitive dysfunction and white matter hyperintensities in Fabry disease
Authors: Murphy Patrick , Williams Fay , Davagnanam Indran , Chan Edgar , Murphy Elaine , Hughes Derralynn , Quattrocchi Gabriella , Werring David J. , Lachman Robin H. , Cipolotti Lisa
Published: January 2022

Fabry disease (FD) is an X‐linked lysosomal storage disorder with multi‐system involvement including cerebrovascular disease. Patients with FD also have a high risk of ischaemic stroke and TIA. White matter hyperintensities are common, but their clinical impact on cognition remains uncertain. Previous studies have examined the neuropsychological profile of FD, but have been inconclusive in part due to methodological limitations including small sample sizes. We sought to address these limitations in a case‐control study of 26 patients with Fabry disease with mild to moderate disease symptoms matched with 18 healthy controls for age and premorbid intellectual level. We obtained detailed neuropsychological data and MRI neuroimaging data on the severity of white matter changes. Mood was accounted for as a possible confounder. Our results showed significant compromise of executive functions and information processing speed for the FD group. Error analyses suggested that the compromise of executive functions could not be entirely accounted for by slowed information processing speed. We demonstrated significant correlations between cognitive decline and the overall volume of white matter hyperintensities in the FD group. Our results point to significant compromise of cognition in FD even without stroke or mood difficulties. This suggests that neuropsychological assessment and rehabilitation should be routinely offered to patients with FD.
Three‐Dimensional Bioprinted MR‐Trackable Regenerative Scaffold for Postimplantation Monitoring on T1‐Weighted MRI
Authors: Loai Sadi , Szulc Daniel A. , Cheng Hai‐Ling Margaret
Published: January 2022

Background

A three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinted tissue scaffold is a promising therapeutic that goes beyond providing physical support for tissue regeneration by enabling precise spatial control over scaffold geometry and integration of different materials/cells. Critically important is in vivo confirmation of correct scaffold placement and retention during the initial 24 hours postimplantation, to detect unwanted implant migration.

Purpose

To incorporate a safe, efficient MR contrast agent into a bioprinting workflow, and to achieve bright‐contrast scaffold monitoring in vivo postimplantation.

Study Type

In vitro and animal in vivo longitudinal study.

Animal Model

Two female Sprague Dawley rats (~200 g) for labeled and unlabeled scaffold implantation in the subcutaneous dorsal space flanking the vertebral column.

Field Strength/Sequence

A 7.0 T/T1‐weighted spin echo (SE) sequence and T1 mapping using turbo SE with variable repetition times (TRs).

Assessment

Cell viability and proliferation were assessed over 2 weeks after labeling bioprinted gelatin/alginate scaffolds with MnPNH2 (0.5 mM, 24 hours). In vitro MRI was performed 0, 12, and 24 hours postlabeling in nine labeled and three unlabeled (control) scaffolds to monitor T1 evolution. In vivo MRI was performed immediately and 24 hours postimplantation to assess T1. Acute inflammation near surgical site was monitored in one rat to 3 days.

Statistical Tests

One‐way analysis of variance with Tukey–Kramer post hoc analysis (P < 0.01).

Results

Cell viability was unaffected by bioprinting/labeling: viability exceeded 90% in all scaffolds after 1 week. In vitro T1's were significantly lower in labeled scaffolds compared to control (207 msec vs. 2257 msec) immediately postlabeling and 24 hours later (1227 msec vs. 2257 msec). In vivo T1's were significantly different (243.6 msec vs. 2414.6 msec) immediately postimplantation, and no differences emerged compared to respective in vitro control/labeled counterparts. The 24‐hours imaging and gross pathology confirmed migration of scaffolds beyond the imaging field.

Data Conclusion

We report an MR‐detectable, cell‐compatible bioprinted scaffold, utilizing a T1‐weighting contrast agent for high‐resolution, postimplantation scaffold tracking.

Evidence Level

2

Technical Efficacy

Stage 1
Dual ambient plasma source ionization mass spectrometry for the rapid detection of trace sterols in urban water
Authors: Zhao Gaosheng , Chu Fengjian , Zhou Jianguang
Published: January 2022

A direct analytical method based on dual ambient plasma ion source tandem mass spectrometry was used for the simultaneous determination of four sterols in the environment. This technology has very high sensitivity and the method detects the four sterols in methanol–water (1:3) solutions with limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) ranging from 1.2 ng/L to 6.9 ng/L and 7.6 ng/L to 10.0 ng/L, respectively. The method was also used to test water quality at three locations within the city and successfully detected all four sterols at very low concentrations. The dual plasma source tandem mass spectrometry technique is extremely simple, rapid, sensitive and highly efficient compared to other traditional methods, providing a useful screening tool for sterols in water.
Work–life balance and social support: The influence on work engagement in the Sixth European Working Conditions Survey
Authors: Inggamara Akistya , Pierewan Adi C. , Ayriza Yulia
Published: January 2022

This study examined the influence of work–life balance and social support on work engagement using the big data of the Sixth European Working Conditions Survey. The data included 43,850 respondents from many countries in Europe. In this sample, work–life balance and social support are positively related to work engagement. Findings suggest that organizations should provide a resourceful work environment and consider the balance of their time at work and personal life to achieve high work engagement.
Relationships between tendon structure and clinical impairments in patients with patellar tendinopathy
Authors: Sprague Andrew L. , Couppé Christian , Pohlig Ryan T. , Cortes Daniel C. , Silbernagel Karin Grävare
Published: January 2022

The clinical relevance of altered tendon structure in patellar tendinopathy is contested since structural change persists after symptom resolution. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between tendon structure and clinical impairments in patellar tendinopathy. In this retrospective, secondary analysis of individuals with patellar tendinopathy (n = 41), tendon structure (thickness, cross‐sectional area [CSA], shear modulus, and viscosity), symptom severity, lower extremity function (counter‐movement jump [CMJ] height), and quadriceps muscle performance (knee extension force and central activation ratio [CAR]) were recorded for the symptomatic limb. Relationships among structure, symptom severity, lower extremity function, and quadriceps muscle performance were examined using sequential regression models. Adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and pain levels, there were significant positive relationships for thickness (p < 0.001, β = 0.718) and viscosity (p = 0.006, β = 0.496) with CMJ height. There were significant negative relationships between CSA with both CMJ height (p = 0.001, β = −0.538) and CAR (p = 0.04, β = −0.517). This is the first study to demonstrate relationships between tendon structure and lower extremity function or quadriceps muscle performance in patients with patellar tendinopathy. Clinical significance: Since structural changes persist after symptom resolution, addressing these changes may assist in restoring lower extremity function and quadriceps muscle performance.
Gremlin aggravates periodontitis via activation of the nuclear factor‐kappa B signaling pathway
Authors: Guan Xiaoyue , He Yani , Li Yingxue , Shi Chen , Wei Zhichen , Zhao Rui , Han Yue , Pan Lifei , Yang Jianmin , Hou Tiezhou
Published: January 2022

Background

Gremlin has been reported to regulate inflammation and osteogenesis. Periodontitis is a destructive disease degenerating periodontal tissues, therefore leads to alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. Based on the importance of Gremlin's bio‐activity, the aim of this study is to, in vivo and in vitro, unveil the function of Gremlin in regulating the development of periodontitis and its consequent effects on alveolar bone loss.

Methods

Clinical specimens were used to determine the expression of Gremlin in periodontal tissues by immunohistochemical staining and western blot. Then utilizing the rat periodontitis model to investigate the function of gremlin‐regulated nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) pathway during the development of periodontal inflammation and the alveolar bone loss. Last, the regulation of the osteogenesis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) by Gremlin under inflamed condition was analyzed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining (ARS).

Results

We found clinically and experimentally that the expression of Gremlin is markedly increased in periodontitis tissues. Interestingly, we revealed that Gremlin regulated the progress of periodontitis via regulating the activities of NF‐κB pathway and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β). Notably, we observed that Gremlin influenced the osteogenesis of hPDLSCs. Thus, our present study identified Gremlin as a new key regulator for development of periodontitis.

Conclusions

Our current study illustrated that Gremlin acts as a crucial mediator and possibly serves as a potential diagnostic marker for periodontitis. Discovery of new factors involved in the pathophysiology of periodontitis could contribute to the development of novel therapeutic treatment for the disease.
Decision on single‐use and reusable food packaging: searching for the optimal solution using a fuzzy mathematical approach
Authors: Böröcz Péter
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

In modern food supply chains it is becoming increasingly important for companies to have sustainable product packaging systems. Deciding the protection, marketing, and logistical function of packaging, at optimal cost, is a very complex matter for professionals. The decision is usually between disposable (single‐use) and reusable (returnable) packaging solutions and their special characteristics. In practice, the focus of this decision is based on historical experience and traditions, taking a cost‐based and/or a criteria‐based approach. This considers a wide range of cost factors. Packaging cost is an important factor, but not the only one, in determining the optimal solution.

RESULTS

This study presents a three‐dimensional fuzzy signature model with a fuzzy method that can be applied to the packaging decision problem to investigate the interconnections among factors that affect the final results, beyond simple binary logic. Two types of food packaging, beverage glass and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles, were chosen to validate the usability of the model.

CONCLUSION

Fuzzy signatures can model the subjectivity of human definitions and criteria using the knowledge of professionals – human knowledge, which is experienced under real conditions and is used in practice in the food‐packaging decision process. Food‐packaging decision components and the final decision can be determined by fuzzy algorithms using membership functions on aggregation and weighted values. © 2022 The Author. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Lessons learned and keys to success: Provider experiences during the implementation of virtual oncology tumor boards in the era of COVID‐19
Authors: Perlmutter Breanna , Said Sayf Al‐deen , Hossain Mir Shanaz , Simon Robert , Joyce Daniel ,  Walsh R. Matthew , Augustin Toms
Published: January 2022

Background and Objectives

The COVID‐19 pandemic required rapid adaptation of multidisciplinary tumor board conferences to a virtual setting; however, there are little data describing the benefits and challenges of using such a platform.

Methods

An anonymous quality improvement survey was sent to participants of tumor board meetings at a large academic institution. Participants answered questions pertaining to the relative strengths and weaknesses of in‐person and virtual settings.

Results

A total of 335 responses (23.3% response rate) were recorded, and 253 met inclusion criteria. Respondents represented 25 different tumor board meetings, with colorectal, breast, and liver (18.6%, 17.0%, and 13.0%, respectively) being the most commonly attended. Virtual tumor boards were equivalent to in‐person across 9 of 10 domains queried, while a virtual format was preferred for participation in off‐site tumor boards. The lack of networking opportunities was ranked by physicians to be a significant challenge of the virtual format. Consistent leadership and organization, engaged participation of all attendees, and upgrading technology infrastructure were considered critical for success of virtual meetings.

Conclusions

The implementation of virtual tumor board meetings has been associated with numerous challenges. However, improving several key aspects can improve participant satisfaction and ensure excellent patient care.
Structure and projected decline of a Karoo dwarf tortoise population
Authors: Loehr Victor J. T. , Keswick Toby
Published: January 2022

Inconspicuous, secretive, or sparsely distributed species receive relatively little research attention, potentially leading to uncertainty about their status and lack of efforts to conserve them. Karoo dwarf tortoises (Chersobius boulengeri) are endemic to South Africa, spend most of the time in retreats at remote arid locations, and are seldom seen. We conducted a 3‐year (2018–2020) mark‐recapture study to investigate the size and structure of the only Karoo dwarf tortoise population currently known to exist. The population in the 16‐ha core of our study site consisted primarily of adult males and females, at a density of 3.3 individuals/ha. Many individuals had severely worn shells and appeared old. Small individuals (straight carapace length <65 mm) represented just 8% of the population and were mostly recent hatchlings. Overall, tortoises had high estimated survival rates (0.77–0.95; lower 95% confidence limit for the smallest tortoises was 0.16), despite a 15‐month drought. The lack of small individuals may reflect low levels of recruitment and population decline. Predation by corvids was an obvious threat to all size classes. We estimated that the local population across the 250‐ha study area was 800–900 males and females, and recommend precautionary conservation measures focused on reducing human‐subsidized avian predation.
Poplar agroforestry systems in eastern China enhance the spatiotemporal stability of soil microbial community structure and metabolism
Authors: Wang Bo , Zhu Ling , Yang Tao , Qian Zhuangzhuang , Xu Cheng , Tian Di , Tang Luozhong
Published: January 2022

Agroforestry systems provide soil microorganisms with a rich variety of carbon sources and a relatively stable living environment. However, the effects of agroforestry systems on the metabolic dynamics of soil microorganisms have not been well studied, especially in the subsoil. To assess the vertical and seasonal variations in soil microbial metabolic capacity as a consequence of various planting systems, five typical planting systems, including three poplar agroforestry systems, were investigated. The Biolog EcoPlate method was used to determine the vertical and seasonal variations in soil microbial metabolic capacity. The average well colour development, carbon source utilization ability, and microbial diversity index values were higher throughout the soil profile, and highly stable with seasonal changes in the poplar (Populus × euramericana “Nanlin 895”) + wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) + soybean (Glycine max) and poplar + potherb mustard (Brassica juncea var. multiceps) agroforestry systems. Furthermore, the influence of the planting systems and seasonal changes on the metabolic activity of soil microorganisms decreased with an increase in soil depth. Over‐stocking chickens in the forest reduced the metabolic activity of soil microorganisms. It was also found that plants influenced soil microbial metabolism through affecting the available carbon source types. Therefore, agroforestry systems improved the metabolic potential of the soil microbial community. Our results demonstrated that soil microbial communities are affected by the planting system and soil depth. The findings enhance our understanding of the functional diversity of soil microorganisms in agroforestry systems.
Impact of psychological distress on physical activity during COVID examined
Authors: Canady Valerie A.
Published: January 2022

As many individuals continue to grapple with the emotional challenges brought on by COVID‐19, which is entering its third year, it becomes increasingly important to remain active, say researchers of a study examining the correlation of mental health status and physical activity during this pandemic. However, stay‐at‐home orders don't make it any easier, they noted.