bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Rasio Profitabilitas dan Solvabilitas Pada Kinerja Keuangan PT Astra International Tbk Tahun 2021-2023
Authors: Listyawati Reni , Erawati Teguh , Aulia Haici Audi , Prasetyaningrum Dita , Andriyani Andriyani , Riantobi Apolonaris Rou
Published: January 2025

Penilaian tingkat keuangan suatu perusahaan dapat dilakukan dengan menganalisis laporan keuangan perusahaan secara menyeluruh. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan pada PT Astra International Tbk dengan menggunakan rasio profitabilitas dan solvabilitas. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan kuantitatif, dimana data yang dianalisis berupa angka-angka dari laporan keuangan PT Astra International Tbk dari periode 31 Desember 2021 hingga 31 Desember 2023. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kinerja keuangan dari segi analisis profitabilitas dengan menggunakan rasio Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA) dan Return on Equity (ROE) menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan dikategorikan kurang baik dalam menghasilkan laba. Sementar itu, dari segi rasio solvabilitas, analisis menggunakan Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) menunjukkan bahwa kinerja keuangan dikategorikan kurang baik. Di sisi lain, pengukuran dengan menggunakan rasio Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) menunjukkan kinerja perusahaan dikategorikan baik.
 
Assessment of the financial level of a company can be done by analyzing the company's financial statements as a whole. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the financial performance of PT Astra International Tbk using profitability and solvency ratios. The method used is descriptive and quantitative analysis, where the data analyzed are numbers from the financial statements of PT Astra International Tbk from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2023. The results of this study indicate that financial performance in terms of profitability analysis using the Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) ratios shows that the company is categorized as poor in generating profits. Meanwhile, in terms of solvency ratios, analysis using the Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) shows that financial performance is categorized as poor. On the other hand, measurement using the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) shows that the company's performance is categorized as good.
SHAPING THE PAST: BRITISH NOVELISTS AND THE REINTERPRETATION OF THE 1857 UPRISING
Authors:   First Year Student, B.A., LL.B. (Hons.), NALSAR University of Law, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Nair Subhadra S
Published: January 2025

This research article examines the reinterpretation of the 1857 Indian Uprising in British colonial literature, focusing on how mutiny novels shaped and reflected the ideological underpinnings of empire. By exploring gendered and racialised tropes, particularly the portrayal of Indian women as loyal subordinates or treacherous adversaries, the analysis reveals how these narratives strengthened British colonial dominance while managing imperial anxieties. Works such as Seeta and On the Face of the Waters illustrate the manipulation of literary forms, including the picturesque and sacred aesthetics, to feminise and domesticate India, erase its revolutionary potential, and legitimise British rule. These portrayals expose the deep contradictions in the colonial project, blending moral authority with exploitative representation, and highlight the enduring impact of such narratives on contemporary understandings of identity, power, and history. This paper combines close readings of primary texts with critical insights from gender studies and post-colonial theory, highlighting how these narratives both reinforced and complicated the colonial project. Through this lens, the article uncovers the legacy of these works in shaping contemporary understandings of empire, identity, and resistance.
O aumento dos casos de Chikungunya no Brasil: um estudo epidemiológico dos anos de 2017 a 2024
Authors: Giacon Taino Rafaela Monique , Da Costa Lima Rodrigues José Inácio
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A Chikungunya é uma arbovirose de notificação compulsória causada pelo vírus Chikungunya. A transmissão é realizada pela picada do mosquito fêmea das espécies Aedes aegypt, nas áreas urbanas, e Aedes albopictus, nas áreas periurbanas e rurais. No Brasil, casos autóctones foram inicialmente confirmados em 2014 nos estados do Amapá e Bahia, e a partir disso, houve registros em várias regiões do país. A Chikungunya é caracterizada por febre e dores nas articulações e pode vir associada a sintomas como dor muscular, dor de cabeça, náusea, fadiga e erupções cutânea. Sua grande importância clínica se deve ao fato de a infecção cursar com artropatia crônica, causando dor persiste e debilitante. Objetivo: Analisar a epidemiologia da Chikungunya no Brasil. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal sobre as características epidemiológicas de Chikungunya no Brasil entre os anos de 2017 e 2024. Os dados foram coletados a partir do Repositório de dados dos Sistemas de Informação de Agravos e Notificações (SINAN). Resultados: As regiões demográficas de maior prevalência foram o Sudeste e o Nordeste. Teve-se predomínio no sexo feminino, as faixas etárias mais acometidas foram entre os 20 e 39 anos e entre os 40 e 59, e foi mais prevalente entre a população parda. Conclusão: Observou-se aumento do número de casos de Chikungunya no Brasil. A análise dos dados apontou aumento significativo do número de casos na maioria das categorias principalmente no ano de 2024.
Strategic HR Leadership: Developing Workplace Communication Skills to Engage Younger Generations
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: January 2025

As younger generations like Millennials and Gen Z now make up over 50% of the global workforce, organizations are struggling to adapt their communication practices to effectively engage and develop this diverse talent pool. Research indicates that many managers lack the skills to have the constructive, solutions-focused discussions that these younger employees expect and value. This communication skills gap threatens the retention of younger workers wanting more meaningful work and jeopardizes organizations' ability to leverage the full potential of their multi-generational workforces. This article explores a research-grounded framework and actionable recommendations for HR to systematically develop managerial communication capacity through training on key concepts like psychological safety, active listening, emotional intelligence, and feedback skills. By fostering open dialogue and establishing psychologically safe environments, organizations can better connect with diverse perspectives and empower all employees to contribute fully.
Comparative Insights into the Molecular Pathogenesis of Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Avi Parkhe Avi
Published: January 2025

The hallmark molecular mechanism of Huntington’s Disease (HD) is neuronal intranuclear inclusion bodies consisting of polyubiquitinated mutant huntingtin (mhtt) aggregates expressing an expanded polyglutamine tract. Aggregate-prone fragments of mhtt bind to several intracellular proteins in addition to the glutamate neurotransmitter receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). This review will detail the molecular and cellular pathways by which mhtt aggregates form clumps in inclusion bodies (IBs) by the impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the autophagy-lysosome system. It will also review the manner by which intracellular mhtt causes neuronal excitotoxicity via NMDA-receptor mediated excitotoxicity. Numerous studies on models of HD have presented various hypotheses on the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration, such as the debate on whether IB formation is a response mechanism of HD or its cause. This paper will discuss the ongoing debate and suggest future research that may reconcile the competing theories. Finally, this article will highlight current and future therapeutic targets for HD in the context of these pathogenesis theories.
Exploring Rare Anatomic Variations of Parathyroid Glands: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Case Series
Authors: Vidovich Stefan , Wickemeyer Johanna , Kheirkhah Pouyan , Rubenfeld Ari
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Essential to successful parathyroid surgery is understanding of the possible anatomic variations in
parathyroid gland location. In this case-series, we highlight three patients with uniquely located parathyroid
glands as noted during primary neck exploration.
Methods: This is a case-series that details three different patients’ health histories, diagnostic workups,
intraoperative findings, and surgical pathology analyses. All three patients were evaluated and treated with
parathyroidectomy for hyperparathyroidism between May and September of 2020. All data was collected from
patient electronic medical records at UIHealth – University of Illinois at Chicago and de-identified in December of
2020.
Results: The first case demonstrated an inferiorly descended left superior parathyroid gland in the mediastinum.
The second case exhibited bilateral intrathymic inferior parathyroid. The third case demonstrated a parathyroid
adenoma intimately associated with the left vagus nerve, deep in the carotid sheath.
Conclusion: These three unique cases demonstrate the variations in parathyroid anatomy that may be
encountered prior to and during parathyroid surgery. Increased vigilance for parathyroid ectopy amongst
endocrine surgeons in the preoperative imaging and intraoperative settings affords an opportunity to maximize
success of primary neck exploration.
The Strategic Importance of Cybersecurity for Tech Startups in a Digital World
Authors: Davalas Athanasios , P. Beretas Dr. Christos , Tsiogka Maria , Angelaki Anna
Published: January 2025

In today’s digital world, cybersecurity is super important for tech startups. This paper looks at why strong cybersecurity matters for these companies as they grow and innovate. Startups often deal with sensitive information and use the latest tech, which makes them easy targets for cyber attacks. That’s why they need strong security measures to protect their assets, keep customer trust, and follow the law. The paper starts by discussing the special challenges tech startups face. They usually have small budgets, work quickly, and deal with changing threats. Many startups focus on creating new tech but often ignore cybersecurity. They see it as something that slows them down, not as something key to their strategy. By looking at cases of both successful and unsuccessful startups, we can see how good cybersecurity can be part of a strong business plan that boosts their resilience and edge over competitors. It also talks about how cybersecurity helps with getting investors and forming partnerships. Cyber incidents can seriously harm a company’s reputation and finances. So, investors look for startups with solid cybersecurity practices. When startups prioritize security, they not only reduce risks but also show they can be trusted. The study shows that tech startups need to have a strong cybersecurity mindset that matches their growth goals. This means setting up security measures and creating a culture where everyone understands the importance of security. The paper finishes with suggestions on how startups can weave cybersecurity into their planning. It highlights the need for training, investing in security tools, and working with experts in cybersecurity. This research shows that cybersecurity is not just about following rules or managing risks. It’s a key part of what makes a tech startup valuable. It’s essential for handling the digital challenges and achieving long-term success.
Iniciativas de Innovación Pública en el Perú: Materializando el Valor Público
Authors: Velarde Barrionuevo Narda Victoria
Published: January 2025

Esta investigación examina cómo los Centros de Mejor Atención al Ciudadano (MAC) en Perú están transformando la relación entre el Estado y los ciudadanos a través de la innovación pública. Mediante un análisis exhaustivo de documentos y datos, utilizando la Teoría Institucional de Scott como marco analítico, se identificaron los elementos clave del éxito de los MAC: desde la implementación de tecnologías digitales hasta la capacitación continua del personal. Los resultados muestran una reducción del 60% en los tiempos de espera, índices de satisfacción ciudadana superiores al 90%, y un aumento tangible en la confianza hacia las instituciones públicas. Sin embargo, persisten desafíos en la coordinación interinstitucional y la sostenibilidad de las innovaciones. Este estudio proporciona una visión detallada de cómo Perú está redefiniendo la gestión pública, aunque se requiere investigación adicional para evaluar el impacto a largo plazo y la replicabilidad de estas iniciativas en otros contextos.
Quality Assurance In Education: Innovative Approaches For Effective Classroom Management And Student Engagement
Authors: Noni Gopal Bepari  , Rony Barua  , Fazle Rabbi
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates whether educational quality assurance models effectively address the quality of classroom management and school engagement. It examines practices within selected international and Bangladeshi universities, categorized by educational expense, to evaluate how quality assurance frameworks integrate indicators of classroom management and student engagement. Data were analyzed from online reports and university websites to assess the alignment of institutional policies with practical classroom strategies. The findings reveal gaps in integrating classroom-focused metrics into broader quality assurance activities, highlighting the need for frameworks that bridge institutional objectives with direct classroom practices. The originality of this study lies in its comparative analysis of diverse universities, shedding light on the role of financial capacities in shaping quality assurance initiatives. By emphasizing classroom dynamics and engagement as pivotal elements of educational excellence, this research contributes to the evolving discourse on quality assurance. The implications extend to policymakers and educators, suggesting actionable recommendations for developing comprehensive quality assurance systems that prioritize holistic student outcomes and foster innovation in classroom practices.
Exploring Online Shopping Safety Perceptions in Developing Nations: A Literature Review
Authors: Abu Darda  , Suday Kumer Ghosh  , Rony Barua  , MST. Fatema Khatun
Published: January 2025

The research paper explores the Online shopping safety as it becomes a part and parcel in individual’s daily life with the rapid development of e- commerce. From buying convenience to logistics support, from product quality to customers service, these factors shape the customer satisfaction and loyalty towards online shopping. This study aims to explore the online shopping safety during 2020-2024 and also analyze the research gap through the systematic literature review. The research finding also suggest the future research according to the study. In this study, a systematic literature review was employed involving the search for the key word “online shopping safety” “online purchase intention” “online shopping risk” and “e-commerce experience” within the titles, abstracts and keyword of publication in the database. PRISMA frame work was employed to collect and analyze data with the objective of research questions. At the first stage of identification there are 75 abstract documents present their relation to the online shopping safety. Furthermore, the researcher selected 51 journals after reading the abstracts at the screening stage. Moreover, ___ articles covering to the issue of online shopping safety and studied full text at eligibility stage. At the last stage the researcher included ___ articles for depth analysis using a systematic literature review. This systematic review contributes to the arena by offering in depth insight to the businessman and government stakeholder so that they can apply effective strategy for the online shopping safety and it will maximize the relationship between the ultimate consumer and businessman.
Perspectivas sobre el uso de tecnología de teledetección para el monitoreo de la deforestación y degradación forestal
Authors: Saavedra-Mera Karina Auxiliadora
Published: January 2025

La teledetección es clave para monitorear la deforestación y degradación forestal, amenazas críticas para la biodiversidad y el clima. Este artículo revisa avances tecnológicos, como el uso de satélites Landsat y Sentinel-2, que permiten detectar cambios en la cobertura boscosa, monitorear actividades ilegales y mapear áreas degradadas. Aunque enfrenta desafíos como la limitada resolución espacial y la falta de metodologías estandarizadas, tecnologías emergentes como la inteligencia artificial prometen optimizar los análisis y el monitoreo en tiempo real. Estas herramientas no solo fortalecen la conservación de los bosques, sino que también facilitan políticas públicas basadas en evidencia. La democratización del acceso a estas tecnologías podría cerrar brechas en países en desarrollo, promoviendo estrategias inclusivas de manejo sostenible. La innovación continua en teledetección es esencial para mitigar la deforestación y sus impactos globales.
Perception of Socioeconomic Effect and Constraints of Artificial Intelligence (Agricultural Technology) Performance of Agricultural Extension Agent in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Ekperi Evelyn Emamuzo , Owigho Ogheneovo , Akeni Tina Ewomazino , Ovwigho Bishop Ochuko
Published: January 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) is taking over the different strata of life and industries, such as agriculture, to higher levels of productivity, efficiency, and decision-making with the use of smart technologies. This study evaluated the perceived socioeconomic impacts and challenges of AI on the productivity of agricultural extension agents in Delta State, Nigeria. The data was collected from 51 respondents through use of stratified random sampling technique and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings indicated that the majority of the extension agents saw AI as having both economic benefits and limitations. Perceived economic impacts formed the largest means of 2.89 where the respondents were most concerned with affordability with a mean of 3.14 and the redundancies that are expected to be witnessed with a mean of 2.55. Perceived barriers to AI integration mainly concerned restricted access to the internet (mean = 3.14) and lack of technical skills (mean = 3.12) with a grand mean of 2.86. From the study, it suggested that infrastructure, technical training, and policy intervention should be put in place to support AI usage in agricultural extension services.
The Impact of Team Dynamics on Organizational Performance: A Study of Public Sector Undertakings in India
Authors: Patnaik Sandeep ,   Ph.D Scholar, SMS, GIET University, Gunupur, M.A Rasheed ,   Professor, SMS, GIET University, Gunupur, Bhatta N. M. K ,   Dean (Ph.D. Programme), Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship, Bengaluru
Published: January 2025

This study explores the impact of team dynamics on organisational performance in selected Public
Sector Undertakings (PSUs) in India. This study used a structured questionnaire to collect data from
357 executives working in Maharatna, Navratna, Miniratna and other scheduled PSUs. Using the
Structural Equation Model (SEM) [mediation], this study sought to study the relationship between
team dynamics and organisational performance while incorporating the mediating role of team
effectiveness in the process. The results show that while team dynamics are critical in enhancing
team effectiveness, team dynamics do not necessarily improve the organisation’s performance.
However, when moderated through team effectiveness, the influence of team dynamics on
organisational performance becomes significant, presenting a complete mediation effect. This
study explains the importance of team effectiveness in translating positive team dynamics
into enhanced organisational performance. The study also provides insights into developing
strategies for PSUs to promote productivity, innovation, and adaptability in a fast-paced business
environment
Hyperlocal Delivery: Leveraging Technology to Serve Local Communities
Authors: Ganapathy Venkatesh ,   Faculty of Management & Commerce, PES University
Published: January 2025

The Indian grocery retail market, valued at $608 billion, constitutes 70% of the total retail market.
Key drivers of electronic retail growth include increased internet access, affordable data, and
advancements in smartphone technology. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated this growth by
shifting consumer behaviour towards online grocery shopping, a change that has since become
habitual. Kirana stores, modern retail formats, and online platforms underscore the evolving
consumer preferences and the diverse choices available today. The Hyperlocal delivery model is an
on-demand delivery service that focuses on delivering goods from local merchants to customers
within a small geographical area. It typically involves using technology platforms, such as mobile
apps and websites, to connect customers with nearby merchants and couriers for fast and efficient
delivery.
The hyperlocal model has revolutionised convenience by utilising a network of warehouses and
delivery personnel to ensure efficient service. Despite its advantages, the hyperlocal model faces
significant challenges, including economic viability, data privacy concerns, inadequate supply
chain infrastructure, and last-mile delivery issues. The long-term sustainability of this model is
questioned due to its reliance on deep discounts, which can affect profitability. This study aims to
explore the opportunities and challenges faced by hyperlocal delivery firms and identify strategies
to address these challenges. Findings suggest that strategic partnerships between hyperlocal
delivery firms, modern trade entities, Kirana stores, and e-grocery platforms can create synergistic
benefits, leading to a mutually advantageous scenario for all stakeholders.
The role of policy interventions in improving childhood literacy in district Mansehra, Pakistan
Authors: Fakhr Ud Din  , Fazal Rahman  , Tayyaba Noor Qureshi
Published: January 2025

Literacy in childhood forms the basis of educational successes and the long-term socio-economic development of a society. The purpose of this research is to investigate ways in which policy intervention contributes to student performance as measured by the level of literacy among selected primary school students. Using a qualitative case study methodology, data was gathered via structured interviews with 15 participating teachers of primary schools and five local education officers and focus group discussions (FGDs) with parents. Thematic analysis of the data revealed five key themes. Results reveal strengths that reveal the benefits of phonics-based curriculum reforms are well evidenced but only slow by poor implementation by teachers resulting from poor training and materials. Socio-economic differences came out clearly as major barriers, whereby parents’ support and printed materials impacted literacy levels. Teacher training was pointed out as critical, about the fact that teachers needed to be trained continually. There was evidence that technological interventions had been effective. In sum, the study finds that integrated policy models that focus on socio-economic disparities, school funding, professional development of teachers, and parents’ participation are relevant in enhancing literacy levels in the developing world.
Saudi Arabia-Iran rivalry and the impact on Lebanon
Authors: Ali Nouman
Published: January 2025

With primary implications for Lebanon, a country distinguished with the aid of its sectarian makeup and regional strategic importance, the Saudi Arabia-Iran contention has been a defining detail in middle jap geopolitics. The purpose of this study is to analyze how Lebanon's political, economic, and safety environment is suffering from the continuing electricity struggle between Saudi Arabia and Iran. As every ambition to boom its influence in Lebanon through backing opposing political parties and armed companies, specifically Hezbollah, which is subsidized via Iran, and the March 14 alliance, that is backed by Saudi Arabia, the competition among those local giants has taken the shape of proxy wars. The observe will take a look at how Lebanon's inner conflicts had been made worse by Saudi-Iranian rivalry, which has brought about instability in its already precarious political shape. It'll also examine the financial consequences, mainly as they relate to trade, funding, and resource, as both international locations use Lebanon as a battlefield to further their broader geopolitical desires. Moreover, the studies will compare the safety effects, inclusive of the risk of accelerated violence, and the part played by worldwide actors in elevating or resolving tensions.
The role of AI (Artificial Intelligence) in military applications in the Middle East: How Iran-Israel conflict affects Turkey's national security and regional stability
Authors: Shabbir Maham
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the unification of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the military approaches, specifically focus on its role in the Israel-Iran dispute, its effect on Turkey’s national security, and wider consequences for Middle Eastern region balancing and stability. As Israel’s modern usage of AI, like in missile defense functions, the Iron Dome and also the predictive intelligence for anti-terrorism, reflects its strategic interests of maintaining technological influence. Conversely, Iran recruit AI in the cyber functions, drone warfare, and also missile aiming to offset Israel’s benefits and assert regional dominance. Using a qualitative research approach, this method reflects on the government official reports, academic journals, and expert information to explore the interconnectedness of the AI innovative technologies and their impact on neighboring states such as Turkey. The findings focus on AI's dual impact as a stabilizing, balance and also destabilizing force, highlighting ethical issues and as well regulatory gaps. Recommendations focuses on developing regional structure and collaborative efforts to govern the AI installation, ensuring its responsible usage to promote sustainable peace,  balancing and also stability in the conflict prone region of Middle East.
Prevalensi Gangguan Mental dan Layanan Kesehatan Mental Forensik dalam Sistem Peradilan (Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur)
Authors: Pramestuti Novianita Ayu , Poerwandari Elizabeth Kristi
Published: January 2025

Dalam sistem peradilan selalu terdapat pelanggaran yang disebabkan oleh gangguan mental yang dimiliki oleh pelaku. Prevalensi individu yang terlibat dalam sistem peradilan dengan gangguan mental tertentu cukup tinggi. Oleh karena itu, layanan kesehatan mental sangat dibutuhkan baik dalam proses persidangan, proses peradilan (di penjara), maupun proses reintegrasi saat individu tersebut kembali ke masyarakat. Akan tetapi hal tersebut belum tersedia secara memadai dan menjangkau seluruh pelaku kriminal dengan isu mental tertentu. Bahkan pada akhirnya mereka dimasukkan ke dalam penjara tanpa adanya fasilitas kesehatan mental yang memadai. Implikasinya, gangguan mental yang dialami tetap ada atau semakin parah dan program pembinaannya tidak berjalan dengan efektif. Dalam hal ini, peran layanan kesehatan mental forensik sangat krusial dalam penegakan keadilan, menjamin kesehatan jiwa pelaku kriminal, serta keamanan masyarakat. Tinjauan literatur ini bertujuan untuk menjawab pertanyaan berikut: (1) bagaimana gambaran gangguan mental/psikologis pada pelanggar hukum?; dan (2) bagaimana gambaran layanan kesehatan mental ditinjau dari peran, kualitas layanan, dan mekanisme layanannya dalam sistem peradilan?
Wawancara Forensik Anak Saksi Korban Kekerasan Seksual dengan Protokol NICHD versi Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Sumampouw Nathanael , Kemala Cut , Pudjiati Retno
Published: January 2025

Riset empirik di beberapa negara menunjukkan kesulitan upaya penegakan hukum pada kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak (KStA), ditandai dengan rendahnya jumlah berkas kasus yang dinyatakan lengkap untuk diajukan ke persidangan. Hal ini terjadi karena pada KStA cenderung tidak terdapat saksi, kualitas alat bukti fisik yang rendah dan adanya penyangkalan dari tersangka. Konsekuensi dari kondisi tersebut menuntut upaya penegakan hukum mengandalkan pada kredibilitas keterangan anak saksi korban. Sehingga wawancara forensik terhadap saksi korban KStA sangat krusial dalam upaya penegakan hukum. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mempromosikan pentingnya penerapan protokol wawancara NICHD (National Institute of Children Health and Development) yang berbasis bukti pada KStA. Protokol NICHD versi Bahasa Indonesia ini telah diujicobakan dalam kegiatan pelatihan polisi penyidik di dua unit pengaduan perempuan dan anak (UPPA) di lingkup Polda Metro Jaya. Hasil uji coba menunjukkan adanya dampak positif berupa peningkatan skor pengetahuan dan keterampilan mengajukan pertanyaan setelah pelatihan dibandingkan dengan sebelum pelatihan. Protokol wawancara ini diharapkan dapat diaplikasikan oleh praktisi dalam upaya penegakan hukum dan perlindungan anak serta untuk kepentingan riset tentang penegakan hukum di Indonesia.
Situational Leadership's Role in Shaping Teacher Autonomy Support in Tongren City, China
Authors: Liu Dingqiao
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the relationship between school leaders' situational leadership practices and the autonomy support afforded to teachers. The profile of respondents includes a diverse group of teachers varying in sex, years of service, and highest educational attainment. The assessment of situational leadership practices reveals that these practices are generally perceived as effectively implemented. Differences in the assessment based on sex, length of service, and educational attainment were found to be statistically insignificant. Teachers' perceptions of autonomy support were also generally positive, particularly in areas such as responsive teaching and providing rationale, although there is room for improvement in minimizing control and pressure. There are not significant differences found in the perceived autonomy support based on sex, length of service, or educational attainment. The correlation analysis shows a nuanced relationship between situational leadership practices and autonomy support. The study concludes that while overall situational leadership practices do not significantly correlate with general autonomy support, specific practices can influence certain dimensions of autonomy. Recommendations include improving communication, fostering a supportive environment, increasing opportunities for teacher autonomy, and providing clear rationales for decisions. These insights aim to enhance leadership development programs and contribute to creating a more empowering educational environment for teachers.
A Importância Das Políticas Públicas Como Instrumento Para Respostas Epidemiológicas No Contexto Das Crises Humanitárias
Authors: Castro José Yvens Melo de , Ferreira Antônio Fábio , Lima Amanda Miguel de , Silva Ana Claudia da , Silva Ana Claudia Carvalho , Sousa Yaponira Leal , Macêdo Marylia da Costa , Castro Maria Luanna Diogo , Albuquerque Laura Rodrigues , Silva Myllene Kelly Rodrigues da , Pinheiro Denise Diniz , Silva Joelma Maria da
Published: January 2025

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o papel das políticas públicas como instrumento para respostas epidemiológicas em contextos de crises humanitárias. Utilizando uma revisão narrativa de literatura, foram incluídos artigos e documentos técnicos publicados entre 2013 e 2023 em bases de dados reconhecidas, como PubMed e SciELO. Os resultados indicaram que políticas públicas bem estruturadas podem mitigar os impactos de crises sanitárias, destacando-se intervenções realizadas durante a pandemia de COVID-19, como planos de contingência estaduais e investimentos em instituições como a Fiocruz. Contudo, desafios como desigualdades regionais, exclusão de populações vulneráveis e falta de coordenação nacional comprometeram a eficácia dessas estratégias. Este estudo contribui ao evidenciar a necessidade de abordagens integradas e intersetoriais, promovendo a equidade e a justiça social. Entre as limitações, destaca-se a ausência de uma abordagem sistemática na revisão. Recomenda-se que futuras pesquisas explorem governança inovadora, inclusão de populações marginalizadas e impacto de tecnologias digitais na gestão de crises sanitárias.
SANITIZING SENSITIVE ASSOCIATION RULES USING FUZZY CORRELATION SCHEME
Authors: Hameed S. , Shahzad F. , Asghar S.
Published: January 2025

Data mining is used to extract useful information hidden in the data. Sometimes this extraction of information leads to revealing sensitive information. Privacy preservation in Data Mining is a process of sanitizing sensitive information. This research focuses on sanitizing sensitive rules discovered in quantitative data. The proposed scheme, Privacy Preserving in Fuzzy Association Rules (PPFAR) is based on fuzzy correlation analysis. In this work, fuzzy set concept is integrated with fuzzy correlation analysis and Apriori algorithm to mark interesting fuzzy association rules. The identified rules are called sensitive. For sanitization, we use modification technique where we substitute maximum value of fuzzy items with zero, which occurs most frequently. Experiments demonstrate that PPFAR method hides sensitive rules with minimum modifications. The technique also maintains the modified dataâ€™s quality. The PPFAR scheme has applications in various domains e.g. temperature control, medical analysis, travel time prediction, genetic behavior prediction etc. We have validated the results on medical dataset.
STABLE ISOTOPE STUDY OF CALCITE CEMENT AND VEINS FROM NORTHLAND ALLOCHTHON AND BASAL WAITEMATA GROUP ROCKS, NEW ZEALAND
Authors: Aadil N. , D. Sohail G. M. , Rehman T. , Sohail S.
Published: January 2025

This paper provides stable isotope studies of calcite cement and vein calcite from units of Northland Allochthon rocks and the lower part of the overlying Miocene Waitemata Group of New Zealand to establish the source of C and O in the sediments. Veins in Cretaceous claystones beneath the Miocene rocks have Î´18OPDB of -4.5 to -5.94, and Î´13CPDB of +2.8 to +14.94. Veins in Oligocene Mahurangi limestone have Î´18OPDB of -1.11 to -10.14 and Î´13CPDB of +1 to +1.84. Veins in basal Waitemata Group have Î´18OPDB of -9.18 to -10.62, and Î´13CPDB of -10.5 to -17.15. Results indicate that the depositing solutions were probably less saline than seawater; however, the wide variation in C values suggests different sources of carbon in the three samples. Calcite cement in the concretions of Cretaceous age, sandstones has Î´ 18OPDB of 7.6 to -10.6, and Î´13CPDB of -20 to -23.6. More negative of O values than the veins in the Cretaceous rocks suggest formations at different time when pore solutions were even further from marine composition. The strongly negative C values indicate origin from oxidation of organic matter. The difference from the veins in the Cretaceous rocks supports the evidence of different source waters. Calcite cements of sandstone concretions from basal Miocene have Î´ 18OPDB of -4.3 to -3.5, and Î´13CPDB of -7.1 to +1.3. Both O and C values support an early diagenetic origin, indicated by slightly modified seawater source.
MODELING AND SIMULATION OF MATRIX CONVERTER FOR WIND POWER GENERATION
Authors: Masood F. , Mahmood T. , Choudhry M. A.
Published: January 2025

In this paper, a matrix converter structure is proposed which is suitable for wind power generation applications. The matrix converter (MC) is the most general converter type in the family of AC-AC converters. It is a single-stage converter which has an array of mÃ—n bidirectional power switches to connect, directly, an m-phase voltage source to an n-phase load. It does not have any DC-link circuit and does not need any large energy storage elements. The key element in a matrix converter is the fully controlled four-quadrant bidirectional switch, which allows high-frequency operation. The proposed converter uses MOSFETs as bidirectional switches. The model has been implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results obtained are presented. The waveforms for input current and output voltage are sinusoidal with very low total harmonic distortion (THD). Low THD is an indication that the model is suitable for wind power generation applications. The simulation results confirm the reduction of conversion losses by 10% to 12% as compared to conventional two stage converters thereby increasing the overall conversion efficiency. The MOSFETs which have been used as switching devices have four to five times more switching frequency as compared to IGBTs thus improving the resulting wave shapes.
SIMULATION OF MODIFIED HYBRID NOISE REDUCTION ALGORITHM TO ENHANCE THE SPEECH QUALITY
Authors: Waqas A. , Muhammad T. , Jamal H.
Published: January 2025

Speech is the most essential method of correspondence of humankind. Cell telephony, portable hearing assistants and, hands free are specific provisions in this respect. The performance of these communication devices could be affected because of distortions which might augment them. There are two essential sorts of distortions that might be recognized, specifically: convolutive and additive noises. These mutilations contaminate the clean speech and make it unsatisfactory to human audiences' i.e. perceptual value and intelligibility of speech signal diminishes. The objective of speech upgrade systems is to enhance the quality and understandability of speech to make it more satisfactory to audiences. This paper recommends a modified hybrid approach for single channel devices to process the noisy signals considering only the effect of background noises. It is a mixture of pre-processing relative spectral amplitude (RASTA) filter, which is approximated by a straightforward 4th order band-pass filter, and conventional minimum mean square error short time spectral amplitude (MMSE-STSA85) estimator. To analyze the performance of the algorithm an objective parameter called Perceptual estimation of speech quality (PESQ) is measured. The results show that the modified algorithm performs well to remove the background noises. SIMULINK implementation is also performed and its profile report has been generated to observe the execution time.
Local Polarization and Field Induced Anomaly in PLZT Relaxor Ferroelectric Ceramics
Authors: Shabbir G.
Published: January 2025

Lanthanum doped lead zirconate titanate (Pb1-xLax)(ZryTi1-y)O3 (PLZT x/y/1-y) relaxor ferroelectric ceramics show no macroscopic polarization down to low temperatures as shown by the present dielectric and Raman scattering measurements on PLZT-10/65/35. The measured inverse dielectric constant exhibited a broad minimum that was associated to the randomly oriented local polarization due to appearance of polar nanoregions (PNRs) below the Burns temperature (TB). The temperature dependence of such kind of local polarization was successfully calculated from the classical Landau theory of ferroelectric phase transitions. Electric field induced Brillouin scattering data also exhibited an abnormal shift at ï¾249 K that confirmed the switchable character of local polarization in relaxor ferroelectrics.
Semantic Webs and Ontology-driven Biological Data Integration Methods for Bacteria
Authors: G. Khan M. U. , Idrees M. , Hayat U. , Akram A.
Published: January 2025

Integrating data from distant heterogeneous data sources is a big challenge for research community. By putting semantic web into practice, a new framework is being presented for knowledge engineering, querying and information sharing. In present paper, we presented an ontology based effort for the development of a knowledge that would allow for semantically querying bacteria knowledge base.
MAC PROTOCOLS FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK (WSN): A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Arshad J. , Akram Q. , Adeeba F. , Dilawari A. , Saleem Y.
Published: January 2025

Data communication between nodes is carried out under Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol which is defined at data link layer. The MAC protocols are responsible to communicate and coordinate between nodes according to the defined standards in WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks). The design of a MAC protocol should also address the issues of energy efficiency and transmission efficiency. There are number of MAC protocols that exist in the literature proposed for WSN. In this paper, nine MAC protocols which includes S-MAC, T-MAC, Wise-MAC, Mu-MAC, Z-MAC, A-MAC, D-MAC, B-MAC and B-MAC+ for WSN have been explored, studied and analyzed. These nine protocols are classified in contention based and hybrid (combination of contention and schedule based) MAC protocols. The goal of this comparative study is to provide a basis for MAC protocols and to highlight different mechanisms used with respect to parameters for the evaluation of energy and transmission efficiency in WSN. This study also aims to give reader a better understanding of the concepts, processes and flow of information used in these MAC protocols for WSN. A comparison with respect to energy reservation scheme, idle listening avoidance, latency, fairness, data synchronization, and throughput maximization has been presented. It was analyzed that contention based MAC protocols are less energy efficient as compared to hybrid MAC protocols. From the analysis of contention based MAC protocols in term of energy consumption, it was being observed that protocols based on preamble sampling consume lesser energy than protocols based on static or dynamic sleep schedule.).
RETRIEVAL OPERATORS OF REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS
Authors: Ahmad T. , Shah A.
Published: January 2025

A set of operators of remote sensing applications have been proposed to fulfill most of the Functional Requirements (FR). These operators capture the functions of the applications, which can be considered as the services provided by the applications. In general, a good application meets maximum FR from user. In this paper, we have defined a remote sensing application by a set, having all images created at dissimilar time instances, and each image is categorized into set of different layers.
CHALLENGES IN DETERMINING TERM RELEVANCE FOR TEXT DATA
Authors: Rehman A. , Javed K. , Babri H. A.
Published: January 2025

Although the nature of text data is different from ordinary non-text datasets in a number of ways, existing algorithms from Machine Learning domain have been borrowed for the classification of text data. Machine learning algorithms cannot be readily applied on raw text data. Text data needs to be transformed to a suitable form for the application of machine learning algorithms. The transformation produces further problems for feature selection and classification algorithms. In this paper we highlight the problems introduced by transformation of text data. We also show how different feature selection algorithms including bi-normal separation, information gain and ROC are affected by text data.
ISOTOPIC INVESTIGATION OF GROUNDWATER RECHARGE MECHANISM IN THAL DOAB
Authors: Akram W. , Latif Z. , Iqbal N. , Tasneem M. A.
Published: January 2025

Isotope techniques were applied in a selected area of Punjab known as Thal Doab for investigating origin, recharge and age/residence time of groundwater. Surface water and groundwater samples were collected from 211 sampling points spread over the entire study area. The sampling points included rivers/canals representing the surface water, hand pumps representing shallow groundwater and tube wells representing deep groundwater. Rain samples were also collected at Chashma. The collected samples were analyzed for environmental isotopes (2H, 3H, 18O). Isotopic data of recharge sources indicated that rivers/canals and rainfall have quite different signatures. Data of groundwater clearly demonstrated spatial variation of isotopic composition illustrating recharge from different sources and in varying proportions. Rain appears to be the main source of recharge in upper eastern part of the doab. Rest of the area is mainly recharged by surface water. 18O values of shallow and deep groundwater showed similar geographical distribution proving that they are interconnected and have same recharge mechanism. Groundwater has different age/residence time in various zones ranging from fresh to more than 50 years.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND CHEMICAL QUALITY OF MAILSI CITY GROUNDWATER
Authors: Abbas S. , Mashiatullah A. , Javed A. , Khan M. S. , Saleem S.
Published: January 2025

Quality of groundwater samples in Mailsi city of district Vehari was assessed using physico-chemical and chemical parameters. Twenty seven (27) groundwater samples were collected for physico-chemical and major ion analysis. Absence of carbonate ions (CO3 -2 ) in all groundwater samples indicates presence of limestone dissolution giving rise to bicarbonate. Piper diagram reveals dominance with Ca-Mg-type of water in the studied area. pH of all samples were within WHO guidelines. The mean value of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) for Mailsi groundwater is 755.1 mg/L having a range of 272 to 1667mg/L. The TDS for majority of samples lies above the guideline values as defined by the WHO. Twenty two (22) percent samples exhibit high nitrate levels; consumption of water samples with high nitrate content may produce harmful effects in children.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF LIGHTNING PROTECTION FOR SUBSTATIONS
Authors: Malik U. F. , Izhar T. , Saleem Y. , Arshad M. J.
Published: January 2025

The study of natural disturbance lighting and protection against is very important in protection of substation. For designing and analysis of lightning protection of substations, a computer program has been developed with the help of Matlab in graphical user interface (GUI). Shield wire scheme has been implemented for lightning protection. Economical criterion has been given the major preference in this computer application while maintaining the protection. This computer application Matlab tool can quickly design lightning protection for Substation and it may prove to be very helpful for design engineers in the field. In this paper methodology and inputs/outputs of the developed program tool is presented. This study also shows an example of local Rohri substation with results and developed program tool proved to be useful as discussed in conclusion.
AN ONTOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK FOR REQUIREMENT CHANGE MANAGEMENT IN DISTRIBUTED ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Khatoon A. , Hafeez Y. , Asghar S. , Ali T.
Published: January 2025

Global Software Development (GSD) is getting fame in the software industry gradually. However, in GSD, multiple and diverse stakeholders are involved in the development of complex software systems. GSD introduces several challenges, i.e. physical distance, time zone, culture difference, language barriers. As requirements play a significant role in any software development. The greatest challenge in GSD environment is to maintain a consistent view of the system even if the requirements change. But at the same time single change in the requirement might affect several other modules. In GSD different people use terms and have different ways of expressing the concepts for which people at remote sites are unable to get uniformity regarding the semantics of the terms. In a global environment requires effective communication and coordination. However, to overcome inconsistencies and ambiguities among the team members and to make the team members aware of the consistent view, a shared and common understanding is required. In this paper an approach beneficial to software industry has been proposed, focusing on changing requirements in a Global Software Development environment. A case study has been used for the evaluation of the proposed approach. Therefore, Requirements change management process has been improved by applying the approach of the case study. The proposed approach is beneficial to the software development organizations where frequent changes occur. It guided the software industry to provide the common understandings to all the development teams residing in remote locations.