bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical and biological investigation on Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb
Authors: Sharmin Sanjida , Tareq Fakir Shahidullah , Hasan Choudhury Mahmood , Ahsan Monira
Published: July 2018

The methanolic extract of the stem bark of Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb. (Family: Moraceae) was investigated for the isolation of pure compounds and determination of few biological activities. A mixture of two compounds cycloartenyl acetate and lupeol acetate were isolated from it. The crude methanol extract as well as its petroleum ether, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and aqueous soluble fractions were studied for antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. Among the different fractions, the aqueous soluble partitionate was found to have most potent antioxidant activity as compared to tertbutyl-1- hydroxytoluene. Antimicrobial screening of the different fractions was performed using the disc diffusion method. In these tests, the chloroform soluble fraction and carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction of methanolic extract exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity (range of zone of inhibition 8-12 mm). In brine shrimp lethality test, the petroleum ether soluble extract exhibited the highest level of cytotoxicity.IIUC Studies Vol.14(1) June 2017: 45-52
What the Pandemic Zoonoses has Taught Us?
Authors: Haque M Azizul , Mahmood Iftekhar
Published: July 2018

Abstract not availableTAJ 2009; 22(1): iii-iv
Etiology and Treatment Outcome of Neona tal Intestinal Obstruction in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Islam SS , Nowshad MA , Jator A , Faisal I , Ahmed M
Published: July 2018

A prospective study was conducted on 54 cases of neonatal intestinal obstruction, admitted in Paediatric surgery department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital during the period from January 2008 to December 2008, a period of 12 months. The objective of the study was to find out etiological aspect and outcome of admitted patient with neonatal intestinal obstruction. The patient constituted 33.7% of total neonatal admission in Paediatric surgery department during the study period. The male: female ratio was 1.4:1 with age ranging from 1 to 28 days. Birth weight of most of the patients was above 2 kg. Most of the patients came from poor and average family. Patients from poor family are slightly ahead. Plain x-ray abdomen was done in all cases in our study. Contrast radiography performed in selected cases. Ultrasound scan done to in selective case to rule out IHPS. No rectal biopsy was taken in case of suspected Hirschsprung's disease. The causes of neonatal intestinal obstruction were in order of frequency-Hirschsprung's disease (45.2%), Intestinal atresia (24.5%), malrotation (9.4%), bands & adhesion (5.6%), meconium ileus (5.6%), volvulus neonatarum (5.6%), meconium plug syndrome (1.8%), unknown (3.7%). 50 patients were treated operatively. 28.3% cases developed complications. Most of the complications were related to colostomy and sepsis. Overall mortality was 20.8%. Mortality was maximum in intestinal atresia. Every patient was advised to come for follow up at the time of discharge but most of the people did not report. In the study only 17 (32.1%) patient came for follow up as per advice.TAJ 2009; 22(1): 198-203
Growth pattern of Exclusively Breastfed Babies in Urban Affluent of Bangladesh
Authors: Huq MN , Sarwar KB
Published: July 2018

To find out the growth in the exclusively breastfed babies of the affluent mothers and to compare the figures with those of the children in the industrialized countries. Fifty-three babies were selected for this cross-sectional study under 6-month of age with prefixed criteria, such as exclusively breastfed and not fed with any formula. Recommended schedule of immunization (EPI) was followed to weigh and measure for supine length. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 10.0. Place and time of work: During an 11-month time frame (from May 2007 to April 2008) data were collected from Pediatrics Department of Bangladesh Medical College Hospital and the researcher's chamber at Dhanmondi, Dhaka, where applicable. The data of developed countries showed that in first 3-month of age, the children grow in weight 30 gm/day and in length 3.5 cm/month, followed by weight gain of 20 gm/day and linear growth 2 cm/month in next 3-6 months.1 Our babies could be compared to those figures, with 33.54 gm/day in the weight gain and 4.17 cm/month in linear growth in the first 3 months. The average wt. gain during the next 3 months (3-6 months of age) was 22.3 gm/day and linear growth for this period was 2.12 cm/month. Babies in our country can grow optimally in comparison to those in the industrialized countries or even can exceed, if they are exclusively breastfed and brought up in well-off families with high education of the mothers.TAJ 2009; 22(1): 231-234
Prospects of elementary particle physics
Authors: Kazakov D I
Published: July 2018

The current situation in high-energy physics is discussed. The review is focused on theoretical ideas underlying new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) of fundamental interactions: extending the SM symmetry group, adding new particles, increasing the space dimension, and going beyond the limits of local quantum field theory. The priority tasks of contemporary high-energy physics are explored.
Equivalent photons in proton–proton and ion–ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider
Authors: Vysotsky M I , Zhemchugov E V
Published: July 2018

The equivalent photon approximation is used to calculate fiducial cross sections for dimuon production in ultraperipheral proton–proton and lead–lead collisions. Analytic formulas taking experimental cuts into account are derived. The results are compared with the measurements reported by the ATLAS collaboration.
Functionalization of graphene: does the organic chemistry matter?
Authors: Kasprzak Artur , Zuchowska Agnieszka , Poplawska Magdalena
Published: August 2018

Reactions applying amidation- or esterification-type processes and diazonium salts chemistry constitute the most commonly applied synthetic approaches for the modification of graphene-family materials. This work presents a critical assessment of the amidation and esterification methodologies reported in the recent literature, as well as a discussion of the reactions that apply diazonium salts. Common misunderstandings from the reported covalent functionalization methods are discussed, and a direct link between the reaction mechanisms and the basic principles of organic chemistry is taken into special consideration.
Neurological assessment and degree of disability of leprosy patients: observation at diagnosis and at discharge
Authors: Pires Carla Andréa Avelar , Bandeira Sabrina Sampaio , Rocha Gabriela Ferreira , Maia Marcella Silva , Nascimento Ana Carolina Magalhães , Dos Prazeres Márcia Moraes , Ferreira Suzana Maria Klautau , Azar Anderson Phelipe Dias Sabry , Neto Heraldo Hebert Mauro , Chaves Rafael Oliveira , Machado Adriana Kamilly Leitão Pitman
Published: July 2018

Background: Caring for leprosy patients requires neurological assessment for prevention of potential physical disabilities. This study focused on the neurological impairment and degree of physical incapacity (DI) at the time of the diagnosis and at discharge of leprosy patients from Dermatology Department of the University of the State of Pará.

Methods and findings: It was a cross-sectional, observational study based on the medical records, neurological assessment and DI of 14 patients assisted at a referral service between 2012 and 2016, applying descriptive statistical analysis. At diagnosis were observed patients with decreased abduction forces of the 5th finger (14.28%), extension of hallux and foot dorsiflexion (10.72%); loss of protective sensitivity in the ulnar nerve area (3.57%) and tibial nerve area (25%); 7.15% of thickened ulnar nerve; DI 0 (64.28%) and DI 1 (35.72%). At discharge, 10.72% of the patients showed decreased abduction of the 5th finger, extension of hallux and foot dorsiflexion (14.28%); loss of protective sensitivity just in the tibial nerve area (17.87%); 4.28% of thickened ulnar nerve; DI 0 (78.57%) and DI 1 (21.43%).

Conclusions: Therefore, most of the patients had normal neurological assessment and DI 0 at both moments, with reduction of alterations in discharge, except for the fibular nerve. Thus, it is highlighted the primary role of the health team, which constitutes one of the main agents promoters of health education, especially when it comes to preventing disabilities in leprosy.
Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Escherichia coli strains isolated from poultry farmers and poultry slaughterers in Morocco
Authors: Abdellah CHAIBA , Fouzia Rhazi Filali
Published: July 2018

Aim: The objective of this study is to characterize the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from the fecal samples of poultry workers, and to study the possible dissemination of resistant E. coli  from  poultry to humans.

Methodology: Sixty four E. coli strains isolated from the fecal samples of poultry workers and 35 isolates from a control group workers were tested for antibiotic resistance by agar disk diffusion with 11 antimicrobial agents.

Results: Resistance of E. coli isolated from poultry workers to tetracycline, ampicillin and norfloxacin were significantly (p < 0,05) higher than those isolated from the control group. All E. coli isolates were susceptible to cefotaxime, and most of them are susceptible to gentamycin, amikacin, cefoxitin and ertapenem. Multidrug resistance is alarmingly high in all groups, but was highest in poultry farmers isolates (84%) and poultry slaughterers isolates (80%). Approximately 25 % of the isolates of poultry workers showed resistance to four or more antibiotics.

Conclusion: This study implies  that occupational exposure to antimicrobial-resistant E. coli from animal contact in the broiler chicken industry may be an important route of entry for antimicrobial-resistant E. coli into the community.

Keywords : Escherichia coli ; Poultry Workers ; Antibiotic Resistance ; Multidrug Resistance ; Morocco.
Acute Infarction in the Artery of Percheron Distribution during Cerebral Angiography: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Lin Pao Chun , Lee Chung-Wei , Liu Hon-Man , Xiao Fu-Ren
Published: July 2018

Improvements in techniques, contrast agents, and catheter design have significantly decreased angiography-related neurological deficits and complications. This article reports a case involving an angiographic total obliteration arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in a patient with an acute infarction in the artery of Percheron (AOP) distribution following angiography. Furthermore, imaging of an AOP acute infarction in cerebral angiography is presented.
A New Diagnosis of Left Ventricular Non-Compaction in a Patient Presenting with Acute Heart Failure
Authors: Bavishi Aakash , Lima Kaitlin , Choudhury Lubna
Published: July 2018

Left ventricular non-compaction is an overall rare cardiomyopathy; however, it is increasingly being recognized with advances in imaging technology. We present the case of a 47-year-old man with new diagnosis of heart failure and left ventricular non-compaction. We review the literature regarding diagnostic imaging criteria and management of this condition.
Interação dos atributos climáticos nos manguezais do litoral sul de São Paulo e sua relação com os controles climáticos
Authors: Lima Nádia Gilma Beserra de , Galvani Emerson
Published: July 2018

O Brasil possui a terceira maior área de manguezal do mundo. Esse ambiente contribui com a estabilização da linha de costa e reduz o impacto de fenômenos extremos, como em casos de tempestade, furacão e tsunami. Estudos apontam o ecossistema manguezal como indicador biológico das variações climáticas globais e do aumento previsto do nível relativo do mar. Apesar da importância desse ecossistema para a zona costeira, os manguezais têm apresentado alterações significativas oriundas da influência da ação antrópica no ambiente. O presente trabalho avaliou a relação existente entre os controles (estrutura da vegetação, variação da maré e sistemas atmosféricos) e atributos climáticos (temperatura do ar, radiação solar global, vento e precipitação) no manguezal localizado na Barra do Rio Ribeira-Iguape, litoral sul do estado de São Paulo. Os atributos climáticos foram obtidos em uma torre microclimática, que contém duas estações meteorológicas: uma a 12 m de altura e outra e localizada abaixo do dossel, a 2 m de altura. Além disso, na base da torre foi instalado um termômetro de solo e foram obtidas fotografias hemisféricas no bosque analisado. Foi possível constatar que existe interação entre as escalas climáticas no manguezal. Observou-se como os atributos climáticos se conectam e como as diferenças entre os atributos climáticos ficam mais evidentes em escalas temporais inferiores. O estudo desenvolvido auxiliou no entendimento de como as variáveis abióticas se comportam dentro do ecossistema manguezal e de como ocorrem suas relações com a estrutura da vegetação.
Clinical and ethical use of induced pluripotent stem cells / Uso clinico ed etico delle cellule pluripotenti indotte
Authors: Millás-Mur Jaime
Published: July 2018

Since its discovery, more than a decade ago, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) have had a prominent relevance in the environments of biomedical research and, at the same time, their origin has been related to the search for an ethical alternative to use of the stem cells obtained from internal mass of the human embryo. In this article we intend to give an overview of its possible applications in the advancement of biomedicine and its relationship with bioethics. From its possible application to regenerate tissues, after proceeding to their differentiation; testing of drugs for different conditions; or their use in models of diseases, among which the neurological ones stand out. Also, its application in obtaining germ cells and human embryos. The situation of the first clinical trial to regenerate a tissue from the subject’s own iPS cells, and the recent allogeneic transplantation in Japan, suggest advances in the clinical translation of these cells. On the other hand, the production of germ cells from iPS cells and the new cells called extended pluripotent stem cells (EPS), obtained by genetic reprogramming through a chemical cocktail, that give rise not only to the tissues of the embryonic layers, but also extra- embryonic, are a new path to making clonation by another route.----------Fin dalla sua scoperta, per oltre un decennio, cellule staminali pluripotenti indotte (iPS) hanno un’importanza notevole nella ricerca biomedica ambienti e, allo stesso tempo, la sua origine è legata alla ricerca di un’alternativa etica all’utilizzo le cellule staminali ottenute dalla massa interna dell’embrione umano. In questo articolo diamo una panoramica delle possibili applicazioni nell’avanzamento biomedicina e la loro relazione bioetica. Dalla sua possibile applicazione di rigenerare il tessuto, quindi procedere alla differenziazione; la sperimentazione di farmaci per diversi disturbi; o il suo uso in modelli di malattie, tra cui spiccano quelle neurologiche. Così come la sua applicazione nell’ottenere cellule germinali e embrioni umani. La situazione del primo studio clinico per rigenerare un tessuto da cellule iPS e proprio trapianto recente del soggetto in Giappone rappresentano passi nella traduzione clinica di queste cellule. Inoltre la produzione di cellule germinali dalle cellule iPS e nuove cellule chiamate cellule staminali pluripotenti estesi (EPS), riprogrammando geneticamente da un cocktail chimico, causando non solo ai tessuti degli strati embrionali, ma extraembrionali anche costituire un nuovo percorso verso la clonazione di un altro itinerario.
Advance provisions for the treatment and donation of dead-heart organ / Disposizioni anticipate di trattamento e donazione di organi a cuore fermo
Authors: G. Spagnolo Antonio
Published: July 2018

Not available/Non disponibile
vManagement: Initial Exploration of Management Practice
Authors: Wurtz Susan , Cyphert Dale , Duclos Leslie K.
Published: August 2018

For several years, the authors have maintained a simulation (sim) in Second LifeTM, with management responsibility for allocating sim resources across research and instructional projects, some of which involved working with residents. Although not originally anticipated to be a research site in management theory and practice, the project presented an unexpected pattern of difficulty and an unexpectedly rich case study to examine why and how the virtual environment generated norms of power and empowerment for which traditional management practice was not effective. We conducted a theoretical thematic analysis on a body of conversation transcripts, meeting agendas and minutes, email messages and other administrative documents, applying concepts from the literature on presence, copresence, embodiment and social capital, seeking to identify the sociocultural context and structural conditions that shaped meanings and experiences of participants in this project. This exploratory analysis suggests a need for development of management theory and practice based on norms of empowerment shaped by designer-user role hybridization – in short, vManagement.
Endodontic management of root perforating internal replacement resorption
Authors: Subay Rustem Kemal , Subay Melike Ordulu , Tuzcu Sirin Baloglu
Published: July 2018

This case report presents the management of a case of rarely seen perforating internal replacement resorption using calcium hydroxide (CH) medication and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) root canal obturation. A maxillary central incisor of a 20-year-old female was showing a sinus track on the mucosa. Radiographically, an irregularly shaped and perforating internal resorption area was seen at the middle third of the root canal. Appearances of the bone-like fuzzy material were observed inside the resorption site. The apical part of the canal was obliterated. Following 3 months of CH medication, the canal and the perforation were obturated with MTA filling. At 6-year follow-up, the tooth was clinically asymptomatic and showing radiographical appearances of the hard tissue repair, resembling a barrier and periodontal membrane healing around MTA at the perforation site.
Designing and assessing a digital, discipline-specific literacy assessment tool
Authors: Kebble Paul Graham
Published: July 2018

The C-Test as a tool for assessing language competence has been in existence for nearly 40 years, having been designed by Professors Klein-Braley and Raatz for implementation in German and English. Much research has been conducted over the ensuing years, particularly in regards to reliability and construct validity, for which it is reported to perform reliably and in multiple languages. The author engaged in C-Test research in 1995 focusing on concurrent, predictive and face validity. Through this research, the author developed an appreciation for the C-Test assessment process particularly with the multiple cognitive and linguistic test-taking strategies required. When digital technologies became accessible, versatile and societally integrated, the author believed the C-Test would function well in this environment. This conviction prompted a series of investigations into the development and assessment of a digital C-Test design to be utilised in multiple linguistic settings. This paper describes the protracted design process, concluding with the publication of mobile apps.
Antifibrotic effect of Pluchea sagitallis (Lam.) cabrera aqueous extract in grx cell lineage
Authors: Mendes Ouri Fabiana Garbachi De Oliveira , Caruso Paula Bacaicoa , Da Silva Gabriela Viegas , Dias Henrique , Marques Juliana Romeu , Nunes Fernanda Bordignon , De Abreu Ferreira Pedro Maria , De Oliveira Jarbas Rodrigues
Published: July 2018

Liver fibrosis is a complex disease that is caused by inappropriate tissue repair due to the deposition of connective tissue. When a chronic lesion affects the liver, regenerative response fails and hepatocytes are replaced with abundant extracellular matrix (ECM). The imbalance between production and degradation of ECM will result in the accumulation of proteins that change normal liver architecture, and thus its functionality. The main source of ECM is the activated hepatic stellate cell (HSC). In order, to clarify possible therapeutic approaches to the disease, this work aimed to evaluate the possible antifibrotic action of Pluchea sagitallis (Lam.) Cabrera on an activated HSC immortalized lineage (GRX).

Our results demonstrated that the P. sagittalis aqueous extract at 0.039 and 0.078 mg/mL concentrations was able to reduce cell growth and proliferation. Regarding to oxidative stress evaluation, there was no statistically significant difference between the treated group and the control. Staining with OilRed-O (ORO) showed a statistically significant increase in intracellular lipid content after 5 days of treatment, exerting in vitro effect on the GRX phenotypic change of activated towards the quiescent state. These results were confirmed by colorimetric quantification of lipid content. Regarding the TGF-β1 and collagen production, there were no statistically significant differences observed between the groups.

In conclusion, the P. sagittalis aqueous extract reduces the growth and proliferation of GRX cells and induces the reversal of activated towards a quiescent phenotype. There was no decrease in cell proliferation either by necrosis or by apoptosis via activation of the senescence. Thus, our data suggest that the extract showed an antifibrotic effect, possibly by activating phenotype reversal.
In vitro antioxidant anti inflammatory and cytotoxicity activities from Hexane extract of Bryonopsis laciniosa fruits.
Authors: C.B Sanjeevkumar , Londonkar Ramesh L , Kattegouda Umesh Madire
Published: July 2018

Bryonopsis laciniosa also known as “Shivlingi” annual climber with bright red fruits and is reported to be highly medicinal in India. As a folk medicine, the plant is used in treatment of broad range of diseases and disorders. In the present study, Hexane extract of B. laciniosa fruits were used to evaluate in vitro anti inflammatory, antioxidant and Cytotoxicity (towards MCF-7 cell line) activities. In vitro anti inflammatory activity by inhibition of protein denaturation, antioxidant assays like DPPH, ABTS, H2O2 and FRAP were used to measure the antioxidant capacity of the hexane extracts and cytotoxicity activity using MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Hexane extract showed the effective antioxidant activity in all assays compared to ascorbic acid and BHT. The results for In vitro anti inflammatory activity of hexane extract and Dichlofenac drug were equivalent, hexane extract showed promising activity for inhibition of protein denaturation assay. The cytotoxicity activity from hexane extract was noticeable against MCF-7 cell line. The overall results show potential application of Bryonopsis laciniosa fruits suggesting their potential application as a health-promoting functional ingredient or natural preservative in foods.
Evaluation of important mineral nutrients and vitamins in polyherbal medicines used for the treatment of tuberculosis in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Famewo Elizabeth Bosede , Clarke Anna Maria , Afolayan Anthony Jide
Published: July 2018

Polyherbal medicines are widely used for the treatment of various diseases in the developing countries. In order to validate their ability in boosting the immune system of tuberculosis patients, the mineral nutrients and vitamins present were determined. Their nutritive properties were analysed using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer, while the vitamins were determined using standardized methods. The polyherbal preparations were found to be rich in mineral nutrients and vitamins. Calcium was the highest mineral nutrient detected, while the lowest nutrient was phosphorus. Quantitatively, calcium and magnesium contents in the remedies ranged from 973.30 to 6503.30 mg/100g and 80.00 to 406.00 mg/100g respectively. The amount of phosphorus and potassium was between 20.00 and 263.30 mg/100g; 160.00 and 2050.00 mg/100g respectively. Micro nutrients such as iron, manganese, zinc, aluminium and copper were also detected. Iron was the highest nutrient in the majority of the polyherbal preparations while the lowest value was recorded for copper. However, vitamin C was absent in the herbal preparations while vitamin A and E were detected. These findings indicate that these polyherbal formulations contain the essential mineral nutrients and vitamins that could probably be boosting the immune system of tuberculosis patients. 
Study of Daucus carota ssp. Sativus and Butea monosperma to analyse their Applicability in Pharmaceutical Industry as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Bhalla Nikhil , Kumar Vijay , Shukla Susmita
Published: July 2018

Human Beings have been using plant products to heal the Wounds and Diseases from the inception of humankind. Even when it was not known that microorganisms exist, People have been using antimicrobial agents prepared from plants. These antimicrobial products were prepared by extracting the plant in a suitable solvent. Antimicrobial property is conferred to plants by the presence of various phytochemicals which are the products of several Secondary metabolic pathways. The aim of this project was to decipher the potential use of Daucus carota ssp. Sativus and Butea monosperma in the pharmaceutical industry. In this research, Qualitative phytochemical screening and antimicrobial potential of Black carrot and Kamarkas has been studied.

Black carrot showed good antimicrobial activity against A. brasiliensis, E. coli and S. enterica, arranged in descending order of the Slope obtained in each antimicrobial assay. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of Flavonoids, Soluble Phenolic Compounds, Naphthoquinone and traces of Saponins and Alkaloids. The Kamarkas showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and to some extent against A. brasiliensis. Phytochemical analysis of Kamarkas showed positive for all phytochemicals. 
Diabetes mellitus treatment using herbal drugs
Authors: Verma Sonia , Gupta Madhu , Popli Harvinder , Aggarwal Geeta
Published: July 2018

Diabetes mellitus is becoming a common metabolic disorder which has serious threat to public health in the world. There are chemicals and biochemical agent that helps in controlling diabetes but there is no permanent remedy available which helps to get recovered completely from this disorder. By conducting large number of research work, numerous traditional medicines have been found for diabetes. Substances and extracts isolated from different natural resources especially plants have always been a rich arsenal for controlling and treating diabetes problem and complication arising due to it. So this review helps the reader to understand the importance of various types of herbal and polyherbal formulations present traditionally which can be used to treat diabetes mellitus. 
Evaluation of antioxidant potential of methanolic extracts of bark and leaf of Quassia indica (Gaertn.) Nooteb
Authors: R Sudha Bai , P Anusha
Published: July 2018

Plants are a natural source of secondary metabolites having antioxidant property and these compounds protect cells against adverse effects of reactive oxygen species. In the present study the methanolic extracts of bark and leaf of medicinal plant - Quassia indica (Gaertn.) Nooteb. were evaluated and compared employing ABTS cation decolorization test, DPPH scavenging assay, reducing power and scavenging potency towards hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide and super oxide. The results suggested that the bark extract has better antioxidant efficacy than leaf for all in vitro models compared. The IC50 metrics (mg/g) of bark and leaf for the assays were ABTS (bark 552.36; leaf 1917); DPPH (bark 572.30; leaf 1782.31); H2O2 (bark 566.89; leaf 1904.32); Nitric Oxide (bark 956.75; leaf 1711.74) and Superoxide (bark 235; leaf 506.68) respectively. Results of the study concluded that Q. indica is a promosing source of antioxidants and could be exploited as a safe and stable natural agent for pharmaceutical preparations.
Cardioprotective and antioxidant effects of Bougainvillea glabra against isoproterenol induced myocardial necrosis in albino rats
Authors: Krishna Rakam Gopi , Sundara Rajan Raja
Published: July 2018

The present study was executed to evaluate the myocardial protective effect of methanol extract of Bougainvillea glabra against isoproterenol induced myocardial necrosis in rats. Myocardial necrosis was induced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (85mg/kg body weight) on 29th and 30th day at an interval of 24 hours. Myocardial necrosis was evident from the changes of marker enzymes in serum, plasma and heart tissue. The activities of serum cardiac marker enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase myoglobin (CK-MB), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoproteins (HDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and total protein (TP) were estimated. In addition, plasma TBARS and plasma LDH levels were also recorded. Antioxidant parameters viz catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were performed in heart tissue homogenate. The outcome of the study indicated that, pretreatment with methanol extract of Bougainvillea glabra to isoproterenol induced rats significantly prevented the altered serum cardiac marker enzymes, plasma levels and antioxidant parameters to near normal status. The cardioprotective effect was compared with propranolol (10 mg/kg, oral) which was used as the standard. Histopathological findings exposed a reduced degree of necrosis and inflammation succeeding pretreatment with Bougainvillea glabra.Based on these results, it was suggested that methanol extract of Bougainvillea glabra prevents myocardial necrosis and oxidative stress induced by isoproterenol.
Ethnobotany and preliminary bioactivity investigation on hepatoprotective medicinal plants from the Mouhoun Region of Burkina Faso
Authors: N'DO Jotham Yhi-pênê , TIBIRI André , SOMBIE Ernest Nogma , TRAORE Tata Kadiatou , OUEDRAOGO Noufou , HILOU Adama , GUISSOU Pierre Innocent , NACOULMA Odile Germaine
Published: July 2018

An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used to treat hepatitis in the Mouhoun region of Burkina Faso was undertaken. The extracts of the most quoted species were then evaluated for their phytochemistry and their antioxidant activity

The anti-radical activity (by the method of the discoloration of the ABTS cation radical) and that of the antioxidant (by the method of the reduction of the iron ion, FRAP) were evaluated. Then the phenolic content of the aqueous extracts was determined and a correlation was studied between these two parameters.

The antioxidant tests showed that the plants counted have a good antioxidant power. The three most active extracts are those of the trunk and root bark of Pseudocedrela kostchyi, and the trunk bark of Sterculia setigera. The extract of the bark of the trunk of Sterculia setigera showed the highest total tannin and phenolic content, while that of the leaves of Piliostigma reticulatum showed the highest content of flavonoids. The analyses showed that there is a relationship between the total phenolic contents and the antioxidant capacities of all the extracts (R2 = 0.82).
The extracts of the trunk and root barks of Pseudocedrela kostchyi, and that of the trunk bark of Sterculia setigera showed the best antioxidant properties. They could be good candidates for the search for liver protective molecules.
Phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts of aerial part of Pentatropis nivalis(Asclepiadaceae)
Authors: Babre Nilesh P. , Gouda T. Shivraj , Gowrishankar Narayanswamy Lachmanan
Published: July 2018

The objective of present study was to evaluate preliminary phytoconstitutents and invitro antioxidant potential of Pentatropis nivalis (Asclepiadaceae). During the preliminary phytochemical analysis, methanolic and aqueous extracts of aerial part of Pentatropis nivalis was screened for the presence of phenolic, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and phytosterols. TLC of extracts were performed by using various solvent systems. Phytochemicals screening and TLC spots of MEPN and AEPN showed the presence of glycoside, steroids, terpenoids, phenolic, saponins, Methanolic extract showed better qualitative tests for presence of secondary metabolites than aqueous extract.The in-vitro antioxidant potential of extracts were evaluated by DPPH and FRAP, and both methods showed that the plant possesses good antioxidant activity.
To find the efficacy of crude extract from plants on germination of seeds
Authors: Patil Ravi Kumar , DM Chetan , K B Abhilash , Achari Raghupathi
Published: July 2018

Germination is the growth of an embryonic plant contained within a seed; it results in the formation of the seedling. The seed of a higher plant is a small package produced in a fruit or cone after the union of male and female sex cells. All fully developed seeds contain an embryo and, in most plant species some store of food reserves, wrapped in a seed coat. Some plants produce varying numbers of seeds that lack embryos, these are called empty seeds, and never germinate. Most seeds go through a period of quiescence where there is no active growth; during this time the seed can be safely transported to a new location and/or survive adverse climate conditions until circumstances are favorable for growth. Quiescent seeds are ripe seeds that do not germinate because they are subject to external environmental conditions that prevent the initiation of metabolic processes and cell growth. Under favorable conditions, the seed begins to germinate and the embryonic tissues resume growth. In the present study, research was done to find the effect of crude extract of plants on germination of seeds. The plants which we have chosen may show the positive or negative effect on the germination of seeds. This has some importance in the rain fed areas. Even the specific plant extract soaked and sow in land may helpful to tolerate the drought conditions. Also study is helpful to agriculture or agricultural industry. It helps to find out the anti sprouting property of the plants. However, further work is needed to improve this method.
Antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase, anti-α-glucosidase and prebiotic properties of beta-glucan extracted from Algerian barley
Authors: Mebrek Saad , Djeghim Hanene , Mehdi Yamina , Meghezzi Asma , Anwar Sirajudheen , Ali Awadh Nasser A , Benali Mohammed
Published: July 2018

Beta-glucan, such as barley-derived beta-glucan (BBG), are homopolysaccharides that have attracted attention by their nutritional and therapeutic properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant power of BBG extracted from local Algerian variety of barley (SAIDA 183), and its acetylcholinesterase, alpha glucosidase inhibitory activity as well as its prebiotic potential by fermentation with lactic acid bacteria isolated from camel’s milk, namely lactococcuslactisssplactis (Lc.l.l) and leuconostocmesenteroidesspmesenteroides (Ln.m.m). The results revealed that BBG exhibited low activity against DPPH and ferric-reducing power (IC50 4018.61 ± 656.69 and A0.5 at 359.88 ±63.64 µg/mL respectively), in contrast to other antioxidant tests (ABTS, Beta-carotene and CUPRAC) where BBG demonstrated a moderate activity (IC50 529.91 ±26.37, IC50 161.013±13.322, A0.5 529.79 ± 48.65 µg/mL). The scavenging ability of hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical by BBG with an IC50 at 2268.38±101.57 µg/mL and IC50 345.26± 62.32 µg/mL, respectively, while enzymatic inhibition by  BBG exhibited for AChE at IC50 859.164 ±64.46 μg/mL , BChE at IC50 at 725.470 ±30.95 , α-Amylase inhibitory activity at IC50 2986.785 ± 37.046  . The bacterial growth of the two strains used in this study is favorably affected by the use of BBG as the only carbon source, in comparison with glucose as a control. In light of these findings, it can be concluded that BBG have shown moderate antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities and can be used as a prebiotic by acting synergistically with probiotics in functional food matrices.
Survey of medicinal plants and patterns of knowledge in district Swabi/ Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Waheed Abdul , Bahadur Ali , Majid Abdul , Nasir Fahad , Shah Mohib , Batool Asfa
Published: July 2018

To investigate and document the indigenous knowledge on the medicinal flora of the native communities in Swabi district, Pakistan. A field survey was carried out and data was based on semi-structured interviews, group discussions, and questionnaire from 8 villages. 180 local individual of local communities were interviewed and collected data were analyzed by quantitative and descriptive index. During the survey, 81 species belonging to 45 families were reported. Solanaceae was the leading family with 7 species. Herb (48%) was the dominant plant habit and leaf (24%) was the most preferred used part for indigenous medicine. Moreover, decoction (28.93%) was the most prestigious method. According to the result, the highest use value was documented for Jaundice ailment (1.00-0.81). Besides, 11 plants added to the endangered species list. Local experts of Swabi district practice a huge variety of ethnomedicinal plants in treating a wide spectrum of disorders, especially those plants used to cure jaundice. Our finding suggest that the pharmacological potential across some of these plants has been therapeutically validated however still need to explore the pharmacological properties of other species. Hence, the present investigation, aside from being a source of new insight for ethnobotanical and pharmacological cure of many disorders, might contribute to upgrade the sustainability, conservation, and management of medicinal flora in the Bachai Sikandari, district Swabi.
Nutraceutical Analysis of Marticaria recutita (Chamomile) Dried Leaves and Flower Powder and Comparison between Them
Authors: Chauhan Ekta Singh , Aishwarya Jaya
Published: July 2018

Chamomile is known as German Chamomile (Marticaria recutita) and Roman Chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile) a very famous daisy plant. The work mainly focuses on the nutraceuticals potential of Chamomile leaf and flower of this plant. The nutrient contains of the leaf and flower power was determined by various methods. The phytochemicals screening of the leaf and flower aqueous extract was performed by the different procedure. Leaf of this plant is rich in carbohydrate, protein, fat and also rich in vitamin C, iron, zinc and calcium. Whereas flower is rich in moisture and fiber as compared to leaf. The aqueous extract of leaf of Chamomile showed the presence of steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins and flower were lacked in alkaloids, saponins, gelatin and phenolic compounds. The results record that leaf and flowers powder contains different types of nutrients and phytochmicals in it. Chamomile is rich in different bioactive compounds, antioxidant and phytochemicals; carries many pharmacological and traditional properties. Leaves, flowers and stems of Chamomile are used as anti-oxidant, analgesic, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-septic, anti-diabetic, anti-proliferative, anti-bacterial activities and many more diseases. This paper put a light on nutrient content and phytochemical properties of Chamomile leaf and flower.
Effect of Boswellia on Adjuvant Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in Experimental Animals
Authors: Hendawy Omnia Magdy Mohammed , Parambi Della Grace Thomas
Published: July 2018

Arthritis is the most common systemic connective tissue disease. About 1% of the world's population is affected by RA; women are three times more often than men. Onset is most frequent between the ages of 40 and 50 years, but people of any age can be affected. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder that may affect many tissues and organs, but principally attacks flexible joints. Although the cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown, autoimmunity plays an important role in both its chronicity and progression.

The new trend of medical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis seeks new drugs with more efficacy and fewer side effects. Since tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as well as other cytokines act as key players in the development of arthritis.

Studies in the United States and Europe have shown that their use is less common in clinical settings, but has become increasingly more in recent years as scientific evidence about the effectiveness of herbal medicine has become more widely available.  The present work investigates the effect of Boswellia on Adjuvant induced RA in Experimental Animals.
La Educación Musical en la escolaridad obligatoria durante el Franquismo. Un estudio a través de la legislación (1936-1982)
Authors: Pérez-Colodrero Consuelo , García-Gil Desirée
Published: July 2018

Este trabajo indaga en la función que ejerció la enseñanza musical en la educación obligatoria española durante la época franquista según se desprende de la legislación orgánica (1936-1982). También se ocupa de la consideración que ha recibido tanto en el momento de ponerse en práctica como a partir de recientes investigaciones en historia de la educación. Al efecto, se vaciado el corpus legal sobre educación presente en el Boletín Oficial del Estado, realizándose un análisis cruzado entre dicha normativa y prensa periódica y literatura científica pertinente sobre el particular. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la enseñanza de la música se convirtió en uno de los medios óptimos para difundir la doctrina totalitaria entre la sociedad civil española, entendiéndose casi exclusivamente como canto colectivo y en el ámbito de la formación de la mujer. Palabras clave: Educación musical española, Enseñanza obligatoria, legislación educativa, España (Periodo Franquista), Historia de la educación musical.
Estilo segundo um gosto nacional: os estilos italiano e francês como modelos e juízes do bom gosto da música setecentista
Authors: Paoliello Noara
Published: July 2018

Este artigo investiga as principais discussões setecentistas sobre estilos nacionais e formação do bom gosto

na música a fim de compreender questões centrais para a prática musical conhecida atualmente como historicamente

orientada. Para tanto, utiliza-se como referencial teórico fontes primárias do séc. XVIII assim como fontes secundárias

que resgatam questões relativas ao estilo musical setecentista. É notável nas obras de autores como Mattheson

(1713) e Quantz (1752) a preocupação com a formação do gosto musical – ainda que essas obras fossem tratados de

música prática. Através dos textos de época, conclui-se que os conhecimentos do músico de bom gosto iam muito

além das habilidades técnicas, sendo o entendimento das características de cada estilo nacional uma das habilidades

fundamentais – seja no tocar ou no compor.

Palavras-chave: Estilo Musical; Formação do Gosto musical; Gosto Nacional; Música Setecentista.
Juventude, música e cinema em Manaus na década de 1960: da diversão à aprendizagem musical
Authors: De Melo Afonso Lucyanne
Published: July 2018

O trabalho buscou compreender a função do cinema no circuito musical em Manaus na década de 1960.

Para as análises foram utilizados jornais da década de 1960 e entrevistas com músicos que participaram ativamente

deste circuito. Temos como considerações que o cinema foi um mediador tanto para a diversão quanto para a aprendizagem

musical; no cinema podia observar como o artista se comportava em palco, seus gestos e vestimentas, e,

posteriormente, os jovens iam para os clubes da cidade realizar dublagens, sendo as dublagens uma vida real mítica

de representar o sonho de ser o próprio ídolo.

Palavras-chave: Cinema em Manaus; Juventude; Formação musical; Dublagem em Manaus.
Promocionando grandes proyectos urbanos: cuestiones (trans)locales en Puerto Madero (Buenos Aires), 1989-2017
Authors: Jajamovich Guillermo
Published: July 2018

A lo largo del tiempo, Puerto Madero fue asociado a la corrupción y señalado como ejemplificación de un modelo de ciudad excluyente. Frente a tales representaciones negativas y a la par de la urbanización del área, la Corporación Antiguo Puerto Madero Sociedad Anónima promovió una serie de iniciativas dentro y fuera del área a los fines de obtener consenso para su desarrollo y evitar resistencias a su avance. Apoyado en metodologías cualitativas y en el análisis de fuentes primarias y secundarias y la realización de entrevistas a informantes clave, el artículo concluye que el desarrollo de grandes proyectos urbanos supone procesos materiales y simbólicos. Asimismo, postula la necesidad de diluir la dicotomía entre un adentro y un afuera de estas iniciativas al explorar cómo la promoción y el reconocimiento externo también colaboran a legitimar Puerto Madero en relación con audiencias locales y nacionales.
Evaluación emocional y física del paciente con atc después de un alta hospitalaria temprana
Authors: Romero Herrera Natalia , Jiménez García Juan , Keyson David , Havinga Paul
Published: July 2018

El alta hospitalaria temprana es una estrategia que los servicios de salud están adoptando para resolver los problemas de alta demanda en condiciones de recursos insuficientes. Desafortunadamente, esta estrategia afecta negativamente a los pacientes durante su proceso de recuperación en el hogar. Mientras que la recuperación es tradicionalmente percibida como una responsabilidad propia de los profesionales de la salud, ahora se convierte en una responsabilidad compartida con el paciente, generando a estos últimos una carga emocional adicional. El uso exclusivo de métodos estandarizados durante los controles médicos resulta en una evaluación de la recuperación del paciente que no considera el impacto de los estados emocionales y psicológicos que éste afronta en el contexto de su hogar. Este artículo desglosa el desarrollo de esther 1.0, una herramienta electrónica basada en Método de Muestreo de Experiencia (ESM), que alienta al adulto mayor que se ha sometido a una artroplastia total de cadera (ATC) a auto-reportar sus experiencias durante las primeras semanas de recuperación en casa. Este artículo describe la evaluación emocional de un paciente con ATC y hace una reflexión sobre el valor de capturar este conocimiento para el desarrollo de ayudas profesionales que van más allá de una recuperación meramente clínica-funcional.
Identity Management Systems: Techno-Semantic Interoperability for Heterogeneous Federated Systems
Authors: L’Amrani Hasnae , EL Idrissi Younès EL Bouzekri , Ajhoun Rachida
Published: July 2018

The identity management domain is a huge research domain. The federated systems proved on theirs legibility to solve a several digital identity issues. However, the problem of interoperability between federations is the researcher first issue. The researchers final goal is creating a federation of federations which is a large meta-system composed of several different federation systems. The previous researchers’ technical interoperability approach solved a part of the above-mentioned issue. However, there are some-others problems in the communication process between federated systems. In this work, the researcher target the semantic interoperability as a solution to solve the exchange of attribute issue among heterogeneous federated systems, because there is a significant need of managing the users’ attributes coming from different federations. Therefore, the researcher proposed a semantic layer to enhance the previous technical approach with the aim to guarantee the exchange of attribute that has the same semantic signification but a different representation, all that based on a mapping and matching between different anthologies. This approach will be applied to the academic domain as the researcher application domain.