bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unusual mortalities of the eastern black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis michaeli) due to clostridial enterotoxaemia in Ol Jogi Pyramid Sanctuary, Kenya
Authors: Ndeereh David , Okita-Ouma Benson , Gaymer Jamie , Mutinda Mathew , Gakuya Francis
Published: November 2024

Nine eastern black rhinoceroses (Diceros bicornis michaeli) developed clinical clostridial enterotoxaemia between May and July 2010 in the Pyramid Black Rhino Sanctuary within the Ol Jogi Conservancy, Laikipia, Kenya. The rhinos presented with a per-acute syndrome characterized by severe abdominal pain manifested by struggling and rolling on the ground and laboured breathing, and they died within three hours after being sighted sick. Necropsy and histopathology revealed severe pathology in the gastro-intestinal tract. Grossly, the small and large intestines were congested and oedematous. All the rhinos had variable amounts of haemorrhagic fluid in the intestines. Microscopically, the most characteristic lesion was severe necrotizing haemorrhagic enteritis. Numerous Gram-positive rod-shaped bacterial colonies that were identified to be Clostridium spp. were occasionally seen in the intestinal mucosa. Clostridium perfringens type A was isolated from the stomach contents. C. perfringens was postulated as the aetiological agent with the infection triggered probably by change of habitat following a prolonged period of drought that was followed by above-normal rainfall.
Additional key words: Clostridium perfringens, necrotizing haemorrhagic enteritis
Neuf rhinocéros noirs de l’est (Diceros bicornis michaeli) ont attrapé une entérotoxémie clostridienne clinique entre mai et juillet 2010 dans le sanctuaire des rhinocéros noirs de la conservation de la Pyramide d’Ol Jogi à Laikipia au Kenya. Les rhinocéros avaient un syndrome suraigu caractérisé par des douleurs abdominales aigues qui se sont manifestées par le débattement et le roulement par terre et une respiration difficile. Ils sont morts trois heures après que l’on avait constaté leur maladie. Une autopsie et une histopathologie ont révélé une pathologie grave dans le tract gastro-intestinal. En peu de mots, les petits et les grands intestins étaient congestionnés et œdémateux. Tous les rhinocéros avaient des quantités variables de liquide hémorragique dans les intestins. Au microscope, la lésion la plus caractéristique était une entérite hémorragique nécrosante aigue. On a parfois vu dans la muqueuse intestinale de nombreuses colonies bactériennes gram-positives en forme de tige identifiées comme Clostridium spp. On a isolé le Clostridium perfringens de type A à partir des contenus stomacaux. On a postulé que le Clostridium perfringens était l’agent étiologique à l’origine de l’infection déclenchée probablement par le changement d’habitat à la suite d’une période de sécheresse prolongée suivie par une pluviométrie supérieure à la normale.
Mots-clés supplémentaires: Clostridium perfringens, entérite hémorragique nécrosante
Demand for forest elephant ivory in Japan
Authors: Nishihara Tomoaki
Published: November 2024

Japan is the only country where a strong demand for ‘hard’ or forest elephant ivory still exists. This demand differs from that of China, which consumes more ivory but where no preference for soft or hard ivory exists. While there is no hard evidence that ivory originating from forest elephants in Central Africa is smuggled into Japan, the question remains whether only old stock of hard ivory can be meeting the stable demand. Through investigations in ivory markets in Japan, it was found that ivory dealers there have limited knowledge of the domestic ivory-trade control system and have not applied it. Also, this control system is not sufficient to manage the legal ivory trade. These factors may facilitate the illegal importation of hard ivory into the Japanese market. We recommend that the Japanese ivory-management system be re-evaluated and improved, focusing on hard ivory stock management. In addition, Japan should develop an information-sharing system for forest elephant conservation by producing and distributing practical education materials in Japanese. These are priorities because hard ivory originates in the Central African region, where poaching pressure on forest elephants is increasing, resulting in a drastic decline in their populations.
Le Japon est le seul pays où il existe toujours une forte demande pour l’ivoire «dur» ou l’ivoire des éléphants de forêt. Cette tendance diffère de celle de la Chine qui a une plus grande consommation d’ivoire, mais où il n’existe aucune préférence pour l’ivoire souple ou dur. Bien qu’il n’y ait pas de preuves tangibles que l’ivoire provenant des éléphants de forêt en Afrique centrale passe en contrebande au Japon, il reste la question de savoir si seulement le vieux stock d’ivoire dur pourrait répondre à la demande stable. Grâce à des enquêtes sur les marchés d’ivoire au Japon, on a constaté que les négociants d’ivoire au Japon ont une connaissance limitée du système de contrôle interne du commerce de l’ivoire et ne l’appliquent pas. En outre, ce système de contrôle ne suffit pas à gérer le commerce légal de l’ivoire. Ces facteurs peuvent faciliter l’importation illégale d’ivoire dur sur le marché japonais. En conclusion, le système de gestion de l’ivoire japonais doit être réévalué et amélioré, et l’accent mis sur la ​​ gestion des stocks d’ivoire dur. En outre, le Japon devrait mettre au point un système d’échange d’informations sur la conservation de l’éléphant de forêt, en produisant et en distribuant du matériel didactique pratique aux Japonais. Tout cela est prioritaire parce que l’ivoire dur provient d’Afrique centrale, où la pression du braconnage sur les éléphants de forêt s’accroît ce qui donne lieu à une baisse drastique de leurs populations.
The elephants of Burkina Faso, West Africa
Authors: Spinage Clive
Published: November 2024

The paper discusses the distribution of elephants in Burkina Faso. As the range is outside the tropical forest zone the savanna elephant is present. In general the body size is large but the tusks are relatively small. The major populations are to be found in 'W' and Po National Parks; Deux-Bale, Singou and Rama Reserves, Arli (Arly) and West Pama regions; and Nazinga area. The extent of poaching is difficult to assess, but there does not appear to be any large-scale or well organized programme. Population estimates, established with the aid of both ground and air surveys, for 1981/82 are approximately 2920 animals found in eight areas.
Malawi's ivory carving industry
Authors: Martin Esmond
Published: November 2024

Reviews Malawi's ivory carving industry which began the 1920's but is based on an long history of trading in the raw product. Both trade and the industry itself increased until the late 1960's and early 1970's when the Office of Forestry and Game took over the trading in ivory. Registered ivory trophy dealers established themselves around the major cities of Lilongwe and Blantyre. The Department of National Park and Wildlife tended to protect the smaller ivory dealers from the richer, larger ones. Ivory carvers did not recieve a salary but were paid for their products. Over the past decade there has been significant movement of ivory into Malawi from the neighbouring countries. Apart from being a means livelihood for many Malawians, ivory carving earns the government a substantial amount of hard currency. The paper gives an estimate of the national elephant population as approximately 2350 located in nine areas, which for the most part are designated parks or reserves including Kasungu, Liwonde, Nyika NPs and Majete, Nkhotakota, and Vwaza Marsh GRs..
Visitation patterns of African elephants (Loxodonta africana) to a rubbish dumpsite in Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe
Authors: Le Breton Jake
Published: November 2024

Habitual crop raiding by elephants is a common cause of human–elephant conflict (HEC). While habitual raiding of rubbish dump sites by elephants is not be a typical case of HEC, it could be seen as a more indirect, passive form of conflict, caused by humans, which negatively affects both elephants and, potentially, humans. In 2016 several African elephants (Loxodonta africana) were found dead in a municipal dumpsite outside Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe. Others were observed consuming non-biodegradable waste from the site. In order to determine if the problem of dumpsite raiding by these wild elephants could be considered as an instance of HEC, we investigated the visitation patterns of elephants to the dumpsite and examined the presence of non-biodegradable waste in elephant dung found in the area. The results show that there was a clear trend in visitation patterns. A core group of up to 27 bull elephants habitually entered the site on a daily basis and spent several hours consuming waste from the dumpsite and drinking from the nearby sewage stabilization ponds between the early and late evening. A majority of elephant dung samples in the vicinity (71.6%) contained plastic waste. We discuss the potential negative effects this raiding has on the ecosystem and elephant health, and its potential contribution to HEC.
La tendance des éléphants à marauder des cultures est une cause fréquente de conflit entre humains et éléphants (CHE), par les éléphants n'est pas un cas typique de CHE, il pourrait être perçu comme une forme de conflit plus indirect et passif, causée par l'homme, qui affecte négativement les éléphants et, potentiellement, les humains. En 2016, plusieurs éléphants sauvages d’Afrique (Loxodonta africana) ont été découverts morts dans une décharge municipale à la périphérie des chutes Victoria, au Zimbabwe. D’autres ont été observés consommant des déchets non-biodégradables sur le site. Pour déterminer si le maraudage dans les décharges par ces éléphants sauvages peut être considéré comme une problème de CHE, nous avons étudié la fréquence de visite des éléphants sauvages dans la décharge et examiné la présence de déchets non-biodégradables dans les matières fécales dans la zone. Les résultats indiquent qu’il y a des tendances nettes dans leur mode de visite, soit un groupe de 27 éléphants mâles a l’habitude de visiter le lieu tous les jours et passe plusieurs heures à consommer des déchets de la décharge et à s’abreuver dans une station d’épuration, ceci en début et fin de soirée. La majorité des déjections fécales dans le voisinage (71.6%) contenait des déchets plastiques. Nous discutons des effets négatifs potentiels de ce maraudage sur l’écosystème, sur la santé des éléphants et sur l’augmentation des risques de conflits humains-éléphants.
Elephant taxonomy
Authors: Groves Colin , Grubb Peter
Published: November 2024

"Essentially a request for skull measurement information this article notes the authors are ""attempting a taxonomic revision of living elephants, using mainly characters of the skull"". They ask that anyone with measurements forward them along with data on the known locality (origin) of the skull plus the sex and approximate age. They note it appears that in Africa the two types africana and cyclotis seem to have quite different measurements (eg cyclotis have shorter, broader rostrum, less mastoid inflation, longer mandibuler symphysis and smaller teeth), but that a few specimens in the museum in Belgian which were collected in Virunga NP appear to be examples of interbreeding. The Asian elephant seem to be of two basic groups also: the mainland or Indian (including Sri Lankan) animals and the insular group generally present in the other range states. The authors provide a list of 20 skull measurements plus several other observations about the rest of the skeleton they they would appreciate."
The Comparative Typology of Subordinate Conjunctions of Auxiliary Parts of Speech in the Azerbaijani and Russian Languages
Authors: Mammadova Malahat
Published: November 2024

This article explores the comparative typology of subordinating conjunctions among auxiliary parts of speech in the Azerbaijani and Russian languages. The study aims to identify and analyze the structural and functional characteristics of subordinating conjunctions in both languages, highlighting their similarities and differences. Through comprehensive linguistic analysis, the research examines the usage patterns of auxiliary parts of speech, focusing on their roles in constructing complex sentences and expressing subordinate clauses. The article presents distinctive features of subordinating conjunctions in Azerbaijani and Russian, offering insights into their syntactic behaviors and semantic effects. This comparative approach aids in a broader understanding of conjunction usage in Turkic and Slavic languages, emphasizing the importance of auxiliary parts of speech in language structure and communication.
HIPOCALCEMIA NO TRAUMA, SUA INTER-RELAÇÃO COM A TRANSFUSÃO DE HEMODERIVADOS E SUA APLICABILIDADE ENQUANTO PREDITOR DE MORTALIDADE - UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors:   Denison Santos Silva, Guerra Abdias Victória , Jesus Yan Vitor Gomes Silva de , Oliveira Amanda de Souza , Santos Jéssica Macedo , Pereira Matheus Martins , Monteiro Aécio Freire , Mendes Júlia Millen , Santos Ramilly Guimarães Andrade , Leite Marina Déda Peixoto , Cruz Victor Gabriel Santana
Published: November 2024

O trauma quase sempre esteve entre as principais causas de morte no Brasil e no mundo, porém sua fisiopatologia segue suscitando dúvidas até os dias atuais. Ao analisar retrospectivamente prontuários de pacientes internados em unidades de terapia intensiva, os níveis séricos reduzidos de cálcio chamaram atenção de alguns pesquisadores por sua possível inter-relação com as taxas de mortalidade e transfusão de hemoderivados, o que nos leva a questionar não somente seu papel no organismo, mas também se um possível manejo do íon seria modificador de desfecho. Dessa forma, a presente revisão tem o intuito de reunir o que há de mais atual e consistente entre os estudos a respeito da hipocalcemia no trauma de modo a tornar mais clara sua interferência na sobrevida dos pacientes e até reiterar novos questionamentos para que possam ser aprofundados por estudos posteriores.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE EXAMES DE IMAGEM NA PREVENÇÃO DE AGRAVOS EM ACIDENTES VASCULARES ENCEFÁLICOS: UMA ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA ENTRE AVE ISQUÊMICO E HEMORRÁGICO
Authors: Costa Letícia Gonçalves da , Ferreira Pedro José Cysne , Yunes Marina , Caixeta Fernando Augusto Mendes , Inácio Jordanna Porto
Published: November 2024

Os acidentes vasculares encefálicos (AVEs) representam uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade em escala global. Além do impacto na mortalidade, os AVEs são uma das principais causas de incapacidade a longo prazo. Este estudo objetivou realizar uma análise comparativa entre as modalidades de imagem utilizadas na prevenção de agravamentos em AVEs isquêmicos e hemorrágicos, quanto à eficácia, as limitações e as aplicações clínicas dessas técnicas. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura seguindo uma metodologia sistemática e rigorosa. A pesquisa foi conduzida nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e LILACS, abrangendo os últimos cinco anos (2019-2023). A estratégia de busca inclui termos como "acidente vascular encefálico", "diagnóstico por imagem" e "medicina". Inicialmente, foram identificados 3049 registros através da busca nas bases de dados, sendo 6 estudos selecionados. Conclui-se a importância crítica das técnicas de imagem no diagnóstico e tratamento eficazes de AVEs. As modalidades de imagem, como o Doppler transcraniano, a tomografia computadorizada e a ressonância magnética, desempenham papeis essenciais na identificação de características específicas da doença, permitindo intervenções mais precisas e personalizadas. O Doppler transcraniano, em particular, destaca-se por sua capacidade de detectar estenoses vasculares de forma não invasiva, sendo uma opção valiosa em contextos com recursos limitados. Por outro lado, a ressonância magnética continua a ser a técnica de escolha para uma avaliação detalhada das lesões cerebrais, essencial para o planejamento de tratamentos complexos. Os achados também enfatizam a necessidade de integrar dados de imagem com avaliações clínicas abrangentes para prever melhor os desfechos funcionais e tratamento.
SUPERENDIVIDAMENTO: ESTRATÉGIAS PARA MITIGÁ-LO E ASSEGURAR O MÍNIMO EXISTENCIAL DOS CONSUMIDORES DO ESTADO DE RONDÔNIA
Authors:   Jennifer Alves Rates Gomes, Cartogenio Aline Caroline Lelo , Araújo Janári Laryna Pereira
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo analisa a situação do superendividamento no Estado de Rondônia,  explorando quais estratégias para mitigá-lo e assegurar o mínimo existencial dos  consumidores rondonienses. Fundamentado na Lei Federal nº 14.181/2021 o estudo  busca examinar o cenário do estado rondoniense, além de observar o papel do  consumismo para o desenvolvimento desta realidade. Com a abordagem indutiva e  os métodos quantitativos, esta pesquisa se preocupa com a discussão sobre o  impacto do endividamento em cidadãos de Rondônia e as alternativas para assegurar  seu mínimo existencial. A investigação enfatiza a necessidade de políticas públicas  de educação financeira e negociação de dívidas.
TRATAMENTO FARMACOLÓGICO COMO PROFILAXIA DA CEFALEIA PRIMÁRIA DO TIPO MIGRÂNEA: UMA ANÁLISE DA EFICÁCIA DOS MEDICAMENTOS
Authors: Vasconcelos Jordânia Souza Lins de , Souza Analicy Silva , Bezerra Camila Lopes Franklin , Miranda Lóide Ferreira , Aguiar Maria Eduarda Silva de , Lavor Marianne Adelina Seixas de França , Saraiva Matheus Gurgel , Nunes Tiago Miranda
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION: Migraine headache is a neurological problem, varying in form and intensity, being a disruptive factor in the lives of those affected. OBJECTIVE: To present the main prophylactic pharmacological treatments for migraine, evaluating their effects and safety in comparison to other treatments. METHODS: The search was carried out through the VHL in the MEDLINE and LILACS databases, using studies from the last 5 years and with full text available in English and Portuguese. Of the 200 articles initially evaluated, 61 were selected to compose the final corpus of the study. RESULTS: 32 treatments were found available for migraine prophylaxis, with emphasis on monoclonal antibodies to the peptide related to the calcitonin gene, which reduce the frequency, duration and intensity of migraine attacks, providing a comparative improvement in relation to conventional therapies. Medications such as beta-blockers, angiotensin II antagonists, antiepileptics and onabotulinumtoxinA have also demonstrated efficacy in obtaining positive responses to migraine treatment. CONCLUSION: Evidence suggests that, due to the multiple therapeutic approaches to migraine, personalized treatment is necessary, considering the individual response to the intervention and the risk of damage in the care plan.
The evaluation of the individual performance of the public employee. A research design based on constructivist tools.
Authors: Martinelli Mauro
Published: November 2024

In the Italian public entities, the assessment of employees involves the use of two parameters: the organizational performance objectives and the individual performance factors. The last ones concern the personal behaviors required in the workplace by employees under evaluation, and their measurement affects the construction of the roles of the evaluator and the evaluated. Difficulties invest both: the evaluator considers that he/she does not possess technical tools and relational skills to manage this process; the evaluated tends to focus mainly on the economic and career consequences. The aim of this work is to help the manager to recognize the meaning dimensions underlying his evaluator activity and to become more effective and consistent as evaluator through the use of some constructivist tools. In this way it will be possible to encourage the evaluator to become more aware about the dimensions involved and the impact of his activity on the assigned personnel and on the whole organization.
Predictive Analytics for Sustainable Investment Portfolios in Banking
Authors: Dr. Priyanka Verma  , Rishi Verma
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The main purpose of the study is to generate an idea about the validity of data-driven predictive analytics related to sustainable banking investment portfolio development. Methodology: Depending on the positivism philosophy, the researcher has focused on generating a hypothesis that can be evaluative and generate an outcome related to the topic under discussion. The descriptive design of the study has helped the researcher develop an idea about the different perspectives related to sustainable investment and ESG goals. The primary quantitative data analysis is conducted by purposefully generating a sample of 101 participants, coming from the managerial level dignitaries from 10 leading banking sectors of the European continental financial market. Results: Analysing the opinions given by the respondents by IBM SPSS software, the results of the study. The results show that most of the male participants have shown their interest in participating in the survey which indicates the career growth of male bankers to be higher than the female ones. The most participating age group is found to be the people belonging to the age group of 21 to 35. The mean value of the correlation coefficient is found to be 0.921 and the mean value of the coefficient of determination is found to be 0.848. On the other hand, the regressive degree of freedom is found to be 11 which indicates the linear relationship present within different variables that are considered generally by the respondents. Conclusion: The interdependence of the variables clearly shows that the market trend regarding the future of the sustainable investment sector present within the banking field can be developed based on predictive analytics inclusion within the level of investment that is focused on meeting the ESG goals for improving sustainability. These factors act as the main motivators for the cross-departmental teams that act simultaneously for performing other tasks along with maintenance of predictive modelling of real-time data to evaluate the future of the banking investment sector.
Unlocking PM1-Bound Cytotoxicity: Where Do We Stand and What's Next?
Authors: Goswami Gunjan , Bamola Simran , Chopra Amla , Lakhani Anita
Published: November 2024

Particulate matter (PM) in air stands as a crucial environmental health concern, implicated in various diseases based on extensive epidemiological investigations. Associations between PM exposure and conditions such as acute respiratory infections, lung cancer, and chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases have been well-established. Despite incomplete To better understand how these biological processes work, in vitro studies have shown that PM1 causes harmful effects on cells, damage to DNA, and increased production of proinflammatory cytokines. Biomass burning and vehicular emissions contribute to PM emissions, which play pivotal roles in altering ambient environment. This encompasses its chemical, physical, and toxicological characteristics. This comprehensive chapter consolidates findings on the physiochemical features of PM1 particulates, with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤ 1 µm (PM1), that focus on impact on health and the environment. PM1 particulates have a cytotoxic activity that poses a threat to health. Furthermore, the review extensively explores the dynamics of cytotoxicity associated with PM1 in various environmental contexts at national and international levels. The amalgamation of insights provides a nuanced perspective on the intricacies of PM1-bound cytotoxicity, thereby enhancing our understanding of air quality challenges in both Indian and global contexts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review article on the cytotoxicity of PM1 particles.
Understanding Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Derivatives: Sources, Properties, and Health Impacts
Authors: Bamola Simran , Goswami Gunjan , Lakhani Anita
Published: November 2024

PAHs, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), composed of 2-7 fused aromatic rings, emerge from processes involving incomplete combustion of organic materials. Released into the ambient air as vapors or adsorbed onto airborne particulate matter, these compounds undergo complex photochemical reactions with atmospheric pollutants such as ozone, NOX, SOX, and OH radicals and result in the formation of its derivatives which possess remarkably higher toxicity and carcinogenicity than its parent PAHs. This chapter delves into the contemporary knowledge surrounding Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, shedding light on their sources, formation mechanisms, and inherent properties. It also comprehensively reviews the global status.
Identification and Microscopic Classification of Microplastics in Beach Sediment Sample at Dadar Chowpatty
Authors: C Joshi Pranoti , Khanolkar Chinmay , Sharma Archana
Published: November 2024

The current study involves the design of a feasible solution for cleaning beach sediments off microplastics. The results of this study will help spread awareness about this micro-menace threatening our societies. It also focuses on otherwise neglected and invisible aspects of plastic pollution. These findings may open up new avenues for research in this area. The long-term impacts of this study may involve the conservation of food quality in fisheries and ecosystems along the coast of Mumbai. During sampling, it was observed that the Dadar Beach was relatively less polluted or disturbed. Albeit having a beach that looks clean and does not look like has a plastic pollution issue, the study results clearly indicate exactly the opposite. The results show that various microplastic particles were identified across the length of the beach and that transect 1, which is shielded by rock reclamation debris, is less affected by active wave action and shows a lower density of microplastics than transect 2, which is readily subjected to active wave action. Based on the major microplastics found in sand, the presence of filaments and disintegration in large quantities, along with foam, can be attributed to fishing activities occurring in nearby oceans, along with some washed off disintegrated plastics whose source cannot be identified.
Some Novel Series of 3-Alkylidene 3-Phenylthio-3-Chloro Azetidine -2-One Were Synthesized by The Staudinger Ketene-Imine Cycloaddition and Evaluation of Their Biological Activity
Authors: Patel Thakor , Panchal Bhavik Hemant Kumar , Lakshmi Shanta Raj
Published: November 2024

Various series of 3-alkylidene 3-Phenylthio-3-Chloro azetidine -2-one(5) synthesized by reaction of 1- (4'-Methoxyphenyl)-3-chloro-3-phenylthio-4,4-diethoxycarbonylazetidin-2-one (4) with thionyl chloride taking MDC as solvent while synthesis of Compound 4 carried out the reaction between phenyl thio acetic acid and N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1,1-diethoxycarbonylimine (2) while compound second synthesized by staring material diethyl keto malonate and p-anisidine. these newly synthesized compound were evaluate using different analytical tools These compounds were also evaluated for their anti- inflammatory and analgesic activities.
Reconhecimento e Tratamento de Emergências Cardiovasculares: Como identificar e intervir em casos de infarto agudo do miocárdio e arritmias
Authors: Santos Carolina Cardoso Victor , Ferreira Gabriel Kisiolar Vaz , Filho Sergio Vinicius Pinheiro Botelho Costa , Silva Vinicius Melo , Laboissiere Marya Eduarda Fontes , Furlan Gilmara Rodrigues Lima , Borges Ana Beatriz Moura , Mariotti Laura Souza , De Alencar Thalyta Morais , Rocha Bárbara Bianca Pereira , Feliciano Lua Clara , Carvalho Geovanna Pozzebon
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho descreve sobre reconhecimento e tratamento de emergências cardiovasculares destaca a importância de identificar e intervir precocemente em casos de infarto agudo do miocárdio e arritmias. Essas emergências representam um risco significativo para a vida dos pacientes, tornando crucial a atuação rápida e eficaz das equipes de saúde. Portanto, este trabalho visa fornecer informações relevantes e práticas para profissionais da saúde lidarem com essas situações críticas de forma eficiente. Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, com o objetivo de investigar o reconhecimento e o tratamento de emergências cardiovasculares, focando na identificação e intervenção em casos de infarto agudo do miocárdio e arritmias. Foram incluídos artigos publicados entre 2020 e 2024, em português ou inglês, com acesso completo e relevância direta ao tema. O coração é um órgão oco e muscular, composto por quatro cavidades principais: dois átrios superiores e dois ventrículos inferiores. Os átrios recebem o sangue que retorna das veias do corpo, enquanto os ventrículos bombeiam o sangue para fora do coração. Essas ações são coordenadas pelas contrações rítmicas do músculo cardíaco, garantindo um fluxo sanguíneo constante. Além disso, o coração é suprido por suas próprias artérias coronárias, assegurando o fornecimento de oxigênio e nutrientes essenciais para seu funcionamento adequado. Portanto, concluímos que o reconhecimento e tratamento precoce de emergências cardiovasculares, como o infarto agudo do miocárdio e as arritmias, são fundamentais para a sobrevivência e recuperação dos pacientes.
Allora: a Self-Improving, Decentralized Machine Intelligence Network
Authors: Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Emmons Nicholas , Peluso Kenneth , Ghaffar Faisal , Huang Alexander , Longmore Steven N. , Kell Tyler
Published: November 2024

Recent advances in data access and computing power have enabled the first forms of machine intelligence capable of offering meaningful insights. However, the tremendous resources required have caused these solutions to be closed and siloed by industry monoliths. To achieve the full potential of machine intelligence, the data, algorithms, and participants must be maximally connected. Network solutions are needed, and the decentralized nature of blockchain technology is ideal for solving this problem. We introduce Allora, a self-improving, decentralized machine intelligence network that surpasses the capabilities of its individual participants by design. Allora achieves this through two main innovations. First, it lets network participants forecast each other's performance under the current conditions, thereby creating a form of context-awareness that enables the network to achieve the best inferences under any circumstances. Second, it introduces a differentiated incentive structure that rewards network participants for their unique contribution to the network goal, tailored to their specific task and purpose, avoiding any distracting incentives. We show that these innovations make Allora's inferences considerably more accurate than before. With its versatility and accessibility, Allora paves the way for machine intelligence to become fully commoditized and integrated with the economy, technology, and society.
Merit-Based Sortition in Decentralized Systems
Authors: Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Valieva Renata , Peluso Kenneth , Emmons Nicholas , Longmore Steven N.
Published: November 2024

In decentralized systems, it is often necessary to select an 'active' subset of participants from the total participant pool, with the goal of satisfying computational limitations or optimizing resource efficiency. This selection can sometimes be made at random, mirroring the sortition practice invented in classical antiquity aimed at achieving a high degree of statistical representativeness. However, the recent emergence of specialized decentralized networks that solve concrete coordination problems and are characterized by measurable success metrics often requires prioritizing performance optimization over representativeness. We introduce a simple algorithm for 'merit-based sortition', in which the quality of each participant influences its probability of being drafted into the active set, while simultaneously retaining representativeness by allowing inactive participants an infinite number of chances to be drafted into the active set with non-zero probability. Using a suite of numerical experiments, we demonstrate that our algorithm boosts the quality metric describing the performance of the active set by >2 times the intrinsic stochasticity. This implies that merit-based sortition ensures a statistically significant performance boost to the drafted, 'active' set, while retaining the property of classical, random sortition that it enables upward mobility from a much larger 'inactive' set. This way, merit-based sortition fulfils a key requirement for decentralized systems in need of performance optimization.
Managing cyber risks in the face of AI- and ML - Driven Adversarial Attacks
Authors: Chimamiwa Godwill
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a critical analysis of current cyber risk management practices in light of new and evolving Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning driven adversarial attacks. Many enterprises are constantly grappling with cybersecurity risks and increased threats from phishing, ransomware and many other forms of cyber-attacks, often resulting in substantial financial losses when the risks are not adequately addressed. With the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), such cyber-attacks and incidents will become more prevalent and potentially more devastating to businesses large and small. With AI and ML tools at their disposal, cybercriminals can dramatically reduce technical barriers for launching cyberattacks. They can easily develop more sophisticated social engineering tactics and ‘deep fakes’ that are not easily identifiable as such, thereby increasing the risks of unauthorized data disclosure. Drawing on literature review analysis, this research explores current and emerging AI- and ML-driven cyber threats faced by enterprises, effectiveness of current cyber mitigation measures and future management practices that can be leveraged to improve the security posture of enterprises. The study evaluates both technical and non-technical cyber risk management and mitigation measures and frameworks. The findings from this study help inform enterprise cyber risk managers and practitioners about the enormity of AI- and ML-driven cyber risks and presents emerging best practices to adequately mitigate those risks. The study contributes to the growing research on how threat actors are leveraging and AI and ML to expand cyber threats and how enterprises and organizations should respond to these ever evolving cyber risks.
Advancements in Diagnostic Imaging Techniques for Early Cancer Detection
Authors:   Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, Kashif Mahnoor
Published: November 2024

The field of medical imaging has evolved at a blinding pace, and recent developments in molecular imaging have sparked significant interest in the healthcare industry. Cancer is a leading cause of mortality across the globe, and this review explores advancements in diagnostic imaging techniques that facilitate early cancer detection. The review further highlights that although traditional techniques, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, have improved the diagnostic abilities and patient outcomes, they still face limitations such as time constraints and radiation exposure. Comparatively, cutting-edge modalities, such as molecular imaging and hybrid technology, offer enhanced sensitivity and specificity to ensure a more favorable prognosis for patients. Future research must revolve around the integration of artificial intelligence into medical imaging to develop personalized treatment plans, paving the way for improved accuracy and more effective cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Bioprinting: Paving the Way for the Future of Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Jones Clark
Published: November 2024

Regenerative medicine has seen significant advancements with the introduction of bioprinting technology. Bioprinting, a novel approach in regenerative medicine, involves the precise deposition of biomaterials, cells, and growth factors to create 3D structures that mimic natural tissues and organs. By integrating bioprinting into regenerative medicine, researchers and clinicians have been able to design and fabricate personalized tissues and organs for transplantation and drug testing, offering new avenues for enhanced therapies, organ transplantation, and disease modeling. Recent advancements in bioprinting have demonstrated its transformative impact on regenerative medicine, enabling the creation of complex, multi-cellular structures with precise spatial control. The versatility of bioprinting spans across precision medicine, organ-on-a-chip models, drug discovery, drug delivery, and regenerative medicine, showcasing its potential to revolutionize healthcare. As bioprinting technology continues to advance, particularly with the integration of artificial intelligence and modern biotechnology, the future of regenerative medicine holds immense promise. With the ability to manufacture complex organs on demand and redefine the landscape of healthcare, bioprinting is poised to shape the future of regenerative medicine in more ways than ever before.
From Gene Mutation to Sleep Phenotype: DEC2 in Natural Short Sleepers
Authors:   Upsurge Labs, Singapore, Svanishvili Giorgi
Published: November 2024

This review focuses on the role of sleep in overall health, specifically its physiological activities, and the consequences of sleep disorders. We review the DEC2 gene mutation, which is associated with familial natural short sleepers (FNSS) and allows people to remain healthy despite chronic sleep deprivation. This mutation not only extends life expectancy but also enhances stress resistance by influencing circadian rhythms and overall physiological responses. With the rising prevalence of sleep disruptions in modern culture, understanding genetic markers like the DEC2 provides critical insights into potential pro-longevity pathways, opening the way for approaches that maintain health during sleep deprivation and extend overall health span.
We, the Animals: Studying Interspecies Relationships in Never Cry Wolf and Mia and the White Lion
Authors: Sengupta Sayantani
Published: November 2024

Cinema has undergone multiple shifts in recent times and one of the major shifts is towards the eco cinema, where ecocritical theories, primarily focusing on interspecies relationships are highlighted. These theories also include the basic rights of animals, human’s relationship with animals and nature, and also reject anthropocentric beliefs. In one of his articles titled, “The Human Animal: An Ecocritical View of Animal Imagery in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World”, Erik Fredriksson argues that, “Ecocriticism begins to see human and non-human nature as interconnected and part of a whole. The distinction between human and animal is questioned and animal stories are examined to illuminate how we think about animals. The idea is also to promote empathy towards animals by highlighting kinship and to break up patterns of anthropocentric thinking.” In this paper, the focus will be on two films based on real-life events, Never Cry Wolf, based on Farley Mowat’s book, and Mia and the White Lion, which talks about the fate of lions in the hands of the canned hunters in South Africa, which will blur the line between reel and real. This paper will also highlight the interspecies interactions and relationships, more specifically, the unconventional interaction between the supposed ‘dangerous and ferocious’ wolves and lions and the two central characters, Tyler and Mia.
An Ecocritical Reading of Benjamin Disraeli’s Sybil
Authors: Chowdhury Swagata
Published: November 2024

The article reads Benjamin Disraeli’s Sybil with the critical tool of ecocriticism. Victorian England witnessed the high rise of industrialism and mechanized culture that deeply affected the ecological balance and had a profound impact on the lives of the common masses. The article examines Benjamin Disraeli’s novel Sybil with the critical tool of ecocriticism to explore his concerns and criticisms over environmental depletion, toxic environment due to industrial pollution, the suffering of factory workers, and unhealthy living conditions. His description of the contaminated environment, depleted ecology, endangered human life, and exploitation due to the huge gap between the rich and the poor damaging mutual social relations reflect the novel’s deeper ecological mode. He kept his faith in humane qualities like compassion, mutuality, and a sense of responsibility in the characters to regain some positivity in ecology for a cohesive socialecological existence.
Female Subjugation and Body Politics in Song’s “Girl Powdering Her Neck” and Marvell’s “To His Coy Mistress”
Authors: Poudel Uttam
Published: November 2024

This paper examines female subjugation within the framework of body politics as depicted in Song’s “Girl Powdering Her Neck” and Marvell’s “To His Coy Mistress”. Body politics specifically examines how societal norms and power dynamics shape perceptions and treatment of women’s bodies. Drawing upon Susan Bordo’s concept of “body politics” and Julie Rodgers and Fredrickson Roberts’ “objectification theory,” this study reveals that women are not only oppressed by societal beauty standards but also trapped within a vicious cycle of self-scrutiny, where they prioritize external appearance over their inner value. In Song’s poem, the protagonist becomes a victim of body politics, where her worth is reduced to mere physical appearance putting her intellect and agency aside. Similarly, in Marvell’s poem, the male speaker objectifies his beloved undermining her agency. This paper exposes the deceitful nature of patriarchal ideology, which drives women to conform to societal beauty standards at the cost of their individuality and self-esteem. By highlighting the plight of female subjects in these poems, this study advocates for resistance against oppressive body politics. It also urges women to reclaim their autonomy and value disregarding the superficial beauty standards imposed by patriarchy.
The Rohingya Crisis: A Cross-Border Analysis of Habiburahman’s First, They Erased Our Name
Authors: Sharma Khum Prasad
Published: November 2024

Habiburahman’s First, They Erased Our Name reflects the Rohingya crisis which has been one of the glaring crucial issues of the contemporary world. Historically, Rohingya are a native minority Muslims of Arakan State, West Myanmar. However, during the 1980s, due to the rise of autocratic rule under U Ne Win in Myanmar, Rohingya community was persecuted suspending their political rights. And they were cracked down into a state of non-citizens not listed in 135 recognized ethnic groups. The Rohingya crisis is characterized by sectarian violence between the Rohingya Muslim and Rakhine Buddhist communities. The tyrannical move of Myanmar authorities against Rohingya turns them into severe restrictions on their freedom of movement and extreme barriers to accessing basic humanitarian assistance. In addition, Rohingya people have been scattered into several parts of the world from 1982 onwards deserving stateless status living in between natural life Zoe and political life Bios. Theoretically, this paper will analyze the real plights of Rohingya immigrants through the theoretical lenses of Foucault’s ideas on power dynamics and biopolitics Homi K. Bhabha’s hybridity and resistance and Agamben in relation to Arendt’s right to have right. It further offers a different solution in fostering understanding and empathy, offering a scholarly contribution to the ongoing discourse surrounding displacement, identity, and resistance.
Identification of Sub-Fault Zone Using Magnetotelluric Inversion (Case Study: Ketaun Fault, Lemeu Village, Lebong Regency)
Authors: Rahmawati Nurul Ilmi , Farid Muchammad , Hadi Arif Ismul , Al Ansory Andre Rahmat
Published: November 2024

Lemeu Village, Lebong Regency, borders the Bukit Barisan Mountain range and is crossed by the Ketaun Fault, which causes a high level of seismic activity, so it is necessary to conduct research on the potential existence of the Ketaun sub-fault as one of the efforts to mitigate natural disasters such as earthquakes. The Magnetotelluric method utilises the earth's natural electromagnetic field, which is used to determine the distribution of resistivity in the subsurface using the ADU-07e Magnetotelluric tool with two horizontal electrical sensors (Ex, Ey) and three horizontal (Hx, Hy) and vertical (Hz) magnetic sensors and uses seven research points with an interval of 1 km. Data processing uses MAPROS software to convert data from the time domain to the frequency domain and ZONDMT2D to obtain subsurface resistivity values. The results obtained from this study are 2D magnetotelluric cross sections showing a zone with low resistivity values between research points P4 and P5 which is thought to be a new fault zone with resistivity values ranging from 1.3 – 6.1 Ωm from a depth of 2.5 km to a depth of 10 km. The zone is assumed to be a new fault that is a branch of the Ketaun fault.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN KEWIRAUSAHA DAN MOTIVASI WIRAUSAHA TERHADAP MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS PASIFIK MOROTAI
Authors: Ardin Umar Ardin , Hasan Jamiludin , Septiana Rustam Irta
Published: November 2024

This is study aims to determine the influence of (1). Enterpreneurial knowledge on the entrepreneurial interest of students at Morotai Pacific University, and (2). Entrepreneurial motivation on entrepreneurial interest in Morotai Pacific University students. This research is survey research. The population in this study was 50 students of Morotai Pacific University. This sampling technique was purposive sampling. Thus research used quantitative research and data ab=nalyze by using SPSS V. The results show that (1). Entrepreneurship knowledge has a positive influence on entrepreneurial interest in Morotai pacific University students by showing the regression equation y= 3,229+ 0,777 X1 calculated value of 4,367 with a significance value of 0,000 smaller than 0,05 and a regression coefficient value of 0,555, the more entrepreneurial knowledge obtained, the more entrepreneurial interest will be fostered in Morotai Pcific Universty Students. (2). Entrepreneurial Motivation has a positive influance on entrepreneurial interest in Morotai Pacific University students as shown by the regression equation y= 3, 229 + 0, 380 X2-.This can be proven by a calculated value of 4,065 with a significant value of 0,000 smaller than 0,05 and has a regression coefficient value of 0, 380. The more Entrepreneeuiral Motivation obtained, the more Entrepreneurial Interrest will grow in Morotai Pacfic University students.
MEDIA SOSIAL BERPENGARUH PADA PERUBAHAN PERILAKU SOSIAL REMAJA KOTA MEDAN DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Septriawan Reza
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh media sosial terhadap perubahan perilaku sosial remaja di Kota Medan dalam konteks era digital yang kian berkembang. Dengan menggunakan metode survei terhadap 300 remaja, penelitian ini mengungkapkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara penggunaan media sosial dengan perubahan interaksi sosial, gaya hidup, dan pola komunikasi remaja. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa intensitas dan konten media sosial berperan dalam membentuk norma-norma sosial baru di kalangan remaja. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan panduan bagi orang tua dan pendidik dalam memahami pengaruh media sosial terhadap perkembangan perilaku remaja.
 
Kata kunci: Media sosial, perilaku sosial, remaja, era digital, Kota Medan