bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acquired Vitelliform Macular Degeneration: Characteristics and Challenges of Managing Subretinal Fluid
Authors: Juliano Joseph , Patel Sagar , Ameri Hossein
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To highlight diagnostic challenges in patients with acquired vitelliform macular degeneration (AVMD) with subretinal fluid (SRF) and to examine the characteristics of image findings in patients with AVMD.
Methods: In this retrospective review, the electronic medical record of 22 eyes of 16 patients with AVMD was studied. The rates of SRF, drusen, pigment epithelial detachment (PED), and patient clinical information such as age, length of follow-up, and BCVA were assessed.
Results: The mean age at diagnosis with AVMD was 72 years with a mean follow-up time of 29 months. Median best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/33 at presentation and 20/33 at final follow-up. Drusen was found in 13 of 22 eyes (59.1%), PEDs in 4 of 22 eyes (18.2%), and SRF in 10 of 22 eyes (45.5%) at some point during their follow-up. Of the 10 eyes with SRF, 70% were center involving, and recurrence occurred in 40%, all in the same location as the initial presentation of SRF. Three eyes received an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection for SRF. In 66% of cases receiving an injection, the fluid later relapsed and remitted without further injections during the course of follow-up.
Conclusion: AVMD occurs in the same demographic as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and has many common features. SRF in AVMD tends to be center involving and recurs usually in the same location as its origin. The use of anti-VEGF injections did not seem to improve SRF in contrast to the SRF seen in wet AMD. Proper differentiation of AVMD may prevent unnecessary long-term treatment with intravitreal anti-VEGF injections.
Near Vision Tasks and Optical Quality of the Eye
Authors: Rafaela Moreira Gomes Jessica , Maria de Braga Franco Sandra
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To study the effect of near-vision reading task on optical quality of the eye when performed on a computer monitor and on printed paper, and to identify which of the two results in greater changes.
Methods: Two groups of subjects performed a 30-min reading task in two different conditions: on a computer monitor and on printed paper. Ocular, corneal, and internal wavefront aberrations (Zernike coefficients up to 6th order), root-mean-square of low- and high-order aberrations, spherical equivalent, vectoral components of ocular astigmatism ( J45 and J0), and the compensation factor between internal and corneal aberrations were measured before and after the tasks. Their changes were analyzed in each group and between groups.
Results: Statistically significant changes in wavefront aberrations and in root mean square of low- and high-order aberrations were observed in both groups which was significantly greater when the task was performed on printed paper. Partial loss of compensation mechanism and variation in spherical equivalent in a negative direction occurred after both reading tasks; however, it was statistically significant only with printed paper reading task. The vectoral components of ocular astigmatism did not show statistically significant changes in either groups.
Conclusion: Near-vision reading tasks can change the optical quality of the eye, especially when the task is performed on printed paper.
Atopobiosis and Dysbiosis in Ocular Diseases: Is Fecal Microbiota Transplant and Probiotics a Promising Solution?
Authors: Hardianti Gunardi Triana , Paramita Susantono Diannisa , Arus Victor Andi , Sitompul Ratna
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To highlight the role of atopobiosis and dysbiosis in the pathomechanism of autoimmune uveitis, therefore supporting fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) and probiotics as potential targeted-treatment for uveitis.
Methods: This review synthesized literatures upon the relation between gut microbiota, autoimmune uveitis, FMT, and probiotics, published from January 2001 to March 2021 and indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, CrossRef.
Results: The basis of the gut–eye axis revolves around occurrences of molecular mimicry, increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, gut epithelial barrier disruption, and translocation of microbes to distant sites. In patients with autoimmune uveitis, an increase of gut Fusobacterium and Enterobacterium were found. With current knowledge of aforementioned mechanisms, studies modifying the gut microbiome and restoring the physiologic gut barrier has been the main focus for pathomechanism-based therapy. In mice models, FMT and probiotics targeting repopulation of gut microbiota has shown significant improvement in clinical manifestations of uveitis. Consequently, a better understanding in the homeostasis of gut microbiome along with their role in the gut–eye axis is needed to develop practical targeted treatment.
Conclusion: Current preliminary studies are promising in establishing a causative gut–eye axis relationship and the possibility of conducting FMT and probiotics as targeted treatment to mitigate autoimmune uveitis, to shorten disease duration, and to prevent further complications.
Making and survey of psychometric features of lovemaking test in single students
Authors: Afsharian Neda , Dortaj Fariborz , Saadipoor Esmaeil , Delavar Ali , Shariati Sedyd Sadroldin
Published: November 2021

Aim: The aim of present research was making a test of perception of lovemaking between single students and survey of psychometric features of this tool.
Methods: The research method was mixed. For this purpose, first during a qualitative study based on data-driven theory using a semi-structured interview technique, 32 students (18 girls and 14 boys) were interviewed. The sampling method was purposeful and based on theoretical saturation. The text of the interviews were identified using MAXQDA10 qualitative data analysis software. Students' coding and perception of lovemaking were identified in three categories: ethics of logical obedience, emotional self-obsession and immoral self-obsession. In the next step, based on the codes obtained from the qualitative part of the research, a questionnaire appropriate to the cultural and educational context of Iranian society was developed to measure the perception of lovemaking of single students and then 560 single students ranging in age from 19 to 33 years. (314 girls and 246 boys) Bachelor's and Master's degrees from 5 governmental and Islamic Azad universities in Tehran (Allameh Tabatabai, Shahid Beheshti, Imam Sadegh (AS), Research Sciences and Amirkabir Universities), which are in a multi-stage cluster method Were selected and answered the test.
Results: The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale of love perception contains 18 questions and includes three confirmed categories of ethics of logical obedience (questions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), emotional self-obedience (questions 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18) and immoral self-obsession (questions 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12) of lovemaking. Model fit indices in confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the validity of this scale.
Conclusion: Therefore, based on the findings, the students' love perception test can be used as a valid and valid tool to measure and evaluate the love perception of single Iranian students.
Effect of different nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and yield related traits for seven durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var Durum) cultivars grown at Sigana, south eastern Ethiopia
Authors:   Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia, Woyema A , Bultosa G ,   Haramaya University, Taa A ,   Oromiya Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia
Published: November 2021

An experiment was conducted at Sinana district on farmers field to study the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer rates (0 = control , 23, 46 and 69 kg ha -1 ) on crop phenology, yield and yield related traits, nitrogen uptake parameters and grain protein content of seven durum wheat cultivars (Ude, CDSS93Y107, Ejersa, Bekelcha, CD94523, Cocorit71 and Inglize). The experimental site soil samples were analyzed and texture was clay, with organic matter of 4.5%, available P of 8.8 ppm, CEC of 27 cmol kg -1 and pH of 7.1 and total nitrogen content of 0.24%. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The result showed that nitrogen rates and cultivars had significant effect on yield, yield related traits, nitrogen uptake parameters and protein content. The cultivars CD94523 (4989 kg ha -1 ), CDSS93Y107 (4923 kg ha -1 ) and Bekelcha (4605 kg ha -1 ) showed better grain yield performance at the highest rate of nitrogen (69 kg ha -1 ) application probably due to highest response of the cultivars and use efficiency to N fertilizer. At 46 kg ha -1 N rate application, cultivars (Ude, Ejersa, Cocorit 71 and Inglize) showed also high grain yield similar to grain yield of 69 kg ha -1 N application. The TKW and HLW of the cultivars were ranged 42.5- 49.5 g and 78.5 - 81.6 kg hL -1 , respectively. Among cultivars, Ude and Bekelcha were superior for TKW. The HLW of Ude, CDSS93Y107, Ejersa and Bekelcha were significantly superior. Increased N rates up to 69 kg ha -1 had increased straw N uptake, grain N uptake and total N uptake and the lowest N uptake was for the control treatment. The grain protein content (12.5%, mb) had ranged from 10.2% (Inglize) to 13.4% (Ude, Ejersa and Bekelcha) (P > 0.05) . The highest N rates resulted in 15% more grain protein content than the control treatment which is essential for pasta processing and better nutritional value.
Ograniczenia prawa do odliczenia podatku naliczonego: realizacja zasady neutralności a funkcja fiskalna VAT
Authors: Namysłowski Roman
Published: November 2021

Z przeprowadzonych rozważań wynika, że istnieje swego rodzaju konflikt pomiędzy realizacją zasady neutralności a funkcją fiskalną podatku od towarów i usług. W zakresie przestrzegania tej zasady ustawodawca jest związany przepisami obowiązującymi w Unii Europejskiej, do których stosowania Polska, jako państwo członkowskie, jest zobowiązana. Niemniej jednak w niektórych obszarach prawo to pozostawia pewną swobodę kształtowania własnego systemu podatkowego. W zakresie tej swobody, jak wynika z dokonanej analizy, podstawowym kryterium przy podejmowaniu decyzji dotyczących kierunków zmian w zakresie podatku od towarów i usług była funkcja fiskalna podatku. Konieczność zapewnienia dochodów budżetowych na określonym poziomie zawsze będzie priorytetem dla każdej władzy państwowej, lecz realizacja funkcji fiskalnej podatku od towarów i usług powinna zawsze być konfrontowana z koniecznością realizacji jednej z fundamentalnych cech tego podatku, tj. zasadą neutralności podatku, która przejawia się m.in. w prawie do pomniejszenia podatku należnego o podatek naliczony zawarty w nabywanych towarach lub usługach. Potwierdza to, że zakres respektowania zasady neutralności w konstrukcji podatku od towarów i usług ma istotne znaczenie dla realizacji funkcji fiskalnej tego podatku.
Online Adjunct Faculty Perceptions of Professional Development to Support Personal and Professional Academic Growth During COVID-19
Authors: Burleigh Cheryl , Steele Patricia B , Gwitira Grace
Published: November 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand what online adjunct faculty value as support services, specifically professional development opportunities, provided by their respective higher education institutions. Method: This qualitative narrative inquiry study centered on exploring perceptions and experiences of online adjunct faculty members from higher education institutions and their experiences and expectations of professional development (PD), prior to and during COVID-19. Results: The study resulted in the identification of possible improvements and enhancements to existing PD content that would further support faculty personal development, mental health, wellbeing, and academic growth. Conclusions: This study reminds us that there are numerous variables, including unforeseen crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, that need to be considered when developing, implementing, and presenting PD for online adjunct faculty professional and personal growth. Because faculty want to be listened to and heard, the PD development and implementation process needs to be interactive to support online adjunct faculty, regardless of whether the university is for-profit or not-for-profit. Implication for Practice: The results based on online adjunct faculty experiences could lead to updating professional development opportunities employed in different higher education institutions to promote faculty self-actualization and ultimately, student success.
DevOps in Industry 4.0: A Systematic Mapping
Authors: Suescún-Monsalve Elizabeth , Pardo-Calvache César-Jesús , Rojas-Muñoz Sergio-Andrés , Velásquez-Uribe Alejandro
Published: November 2021

DevOps is the acronym for the integration of development and operations, which allows the improvement of communication and collaboration. Likewise, its objective is to help organizations develop software products and services quickly without sacrificing quality or cost. Additionally, its focus is on development, integration, delivery, release, testing, and continuous monitoring through the automation of tasks. Industry 4.0 solutions seek to digitize the industries’ processes and services to make them faster, safer, and more efficient through new technologies. These developments are not unrelated to the practices proposed by DevOps. This article presents a systematic mapping of the literature to identify the adoption prospects of DevOps practices for Industry 4.0 solutions reported in the literature. This work gathers proposals that show the importance and relevance of adopting DevOps to develop solutions for Industry 4.0. Organizations must prepare to address Industry 4.0 solutions; this will allow them to survive and prosper in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Therefore, it is necessary to conceptualize and adopt a solution development model that enables them to address these challenges and DevOps with its principles and standards, which would reduce operating costs and improve the service levels, efficiency, and administration of the different areas.
Involving University Students in Intercultural Communicative Competence Activities through the Use of Cultural Products and Practices
Authors: Hernández García Milton Gerardo
Published: November 2021

This document presents the findings of a research study developed with elementary level of English students from Instituto Internacional de Idiomas at Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. A series of pedagogical interventions were designed, in response to an initial diagnostic, which explored students’ Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC) taking as referent Byram’s model (1997). Using the framework of qualitative action research, class activities, reflective journals and focus groups interviews were used to obtain the necessary information in order to reflect upon what students expressed regarding the ICC. The study revealed three categories: cultural recognition, cultural experience and cultural reaction.  Moreover, the results indicated that students were in an early stage of their ICC which was fostered through class activities. They understood the purpose and usefulness of the ICC. In addition, they were open and interested in including culture and ICC activities in the EFL classroom.
A Qualitative Evaluation Study of The Infant and Young Child Feeding Counselling
Authors: Nurwulansari Fitria , Sunjaya Deni Kurniadi , Gurnida Dida Akhmad , Herawati Dewi Marhaeni Diah , Akbar Ieva Baniasih
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The Infant and young child feeding (IYCF) counselling program is an international strategy to improve IYCF practices in the community. This study aimed to explore the implementation of the program through the logic model approach.Methods: A qualitative method was employed for this evaluation study. Fifteen participants were selected by purposive random sampling, and data collection was conducted by in-depth interview, focus group discussion, observation, and document study. Data were processed from transcription, reduction, coding, categorizing to data interpretation and assessed by content analysis.Results: IYCF training is a cascading training and a combination of adult and fun learning that effectively produces a mixture of counsellors who can provide counselling using the counselling cards. However, the gap in the number of cadre counsellors and the target of counselling, as well as the limited time, low financial support, over workload, and inadequate supervision, resulted in poor recording and low numbers of clients who had been exposed to counselling. Nevertheless, this counselling has a positive effect on maternal knowledge and attitude. Still, the existence of traditional community practices, family and environmental factors are barriers to the implementation of proper IYCF practices.Conclusion: IYCF counselling effectively improved IYCF practices, so it has to be continued with strengthening the number of counsellors, recording and supervision activities. Changing strategy in counselling by involving other adult household members like grandmother or neighbours are explicitly targeted for more effective in improving the practices of infant and young child feeding.
The White Working Class as Trump’s Electorate Base
Authors: Bogaevskaya O. , Zhuravleva V.
Published: November 2021

In 2020, the white working class made almost half of all the votes for Donald Trump – about 37 million out of 73.5 million votes that he got. 67% of white Americans with less than four years degree cast their votes for Trump. 100 days after he lost the reelection, 29% of Republicans believed that Trump will come back to the White House before the month of August 2021. Who are they, these Trumps supporters and believers? How did Trump change their role in political life, and what will be their future after him? During the last 45 years, the white working class of America has transformed from the world’s most affluent and secure working class, the linchpin of the New Deal coalition, the protagonist of the American dream into one of the most vulnerable, disintegrated and declining in its number and power element of the American electorate. Trump used their anger and despair in his way to power, bringing them back to politics. Today both the Democratic and Republican Parties are fighting again for the white working class. Historically, this group was the base of the Democratic Party. But for the last two decades, the Party has become much more liberal in its values and focused more on different groups of minorities. These trends made whites without college degree to shift to the Republican Party, regardless its “party of white riches” image. The current shift occurred in the years of Obama presidency – for highly conservative, less educated, mostly South whites this President came as a challenge to their traditional views of America. By the end of the Obama era, the Republican Party almost filled the gap with the Democratic Party in white working class support. Trump became the high pick of this shift. Meanwhile, the Democrats got the trend and came back fighting for its past electorate who suddenly became the focus of a political game and interparty transformations, which makes it highly possible to change the face of the American party system as we know today. Acknowledgements. The article was prepared within the project “Post-Crisis World Order: Challenges and Technologies, Competition and Cooperation” supported by the grant from Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation program for research projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development (Agreement № 075-15-2020-783).
Bioinformation Technologies in the Medical Field: Achievements and Challenges
Authors: Sautkina V.
Published: November 2021

Global health systems are under extreme strain to cope with the consequences of the pandemic that broke out in 2020. The need to find new approaches to the development of the medical industry forms and significantly expands the problem field of research in this area. This study examines the new opportunities that a new technological revolution opens up, which simultaneously affected all areas of modern medicine. The changes affected diagnostics and treatment, new scientific directions appeared, and the industry itself turned into a rapidly developing industry that attracts new players in the market of medical services. Consistently considering the emerging trends in the world, the author comes to the conclusion: with a successful combination of the interests of all participants in the process of transformation that has begun, a completely new model of medical care will appear in the world. The breakthrough is expected both at the clinical level and at the organizational level, which is associated with the active penetration of telemedicine technologies based on AI into the public health system. However, a prerequisite for the introduction of a new hybrid model, which provides for a combination of clinical and virtual methods of treatment, remains the need to comply with the fundamental principles: accessibility, quality and safety. To achieve these goals, it is necessary to link bioinformatics, medical and telecommunications technologies and direct them in the necessary direction, which requires the theoretical understanding of various practical experiences and new global trends in the organization of management of modern health systems.
Vox – Spanish Variant of Radical Right Party in Present-Day Europe
Authors: Khenkin S.
Published: November 2021

For many years, Spain was one of a few European countries without an influential radical right party. In the recent years, the situation has changed sharply as a marginal right radical party VOX turned into a significant force – a third party in the Cortes according to the number of votes. The stormy take off of VOX cannot be separated from the systemic crisis of the Spanish polity which manifested itself particularly in the Catalan conflict. The threat to territorial integrity gave rise to a sense of impaired national dignity. Spanish nationalism, which seemed to recede into the background of the societal agenda during the first post-Francoist decades, has revived in a more radical guise. VOX advocates militant nationalism and upholds traditional values challenging the liberal paradigm of societal development. By sharply criticizing the liberal democratic regime VOX intends not to dismantle but to reform it. The revision assumes the reinforcement of centralizing and unitary origins in the Spanish state through the abolition of the autonomies’ rights and also the radical restrictions of the rights of ethnic minorities (Catalans, Basques, immigrants). Such standpoint entails the strengthening of authoritarian tendencies in the mass consciousness. At the same time, the party does not stand against the democratic system and does not raise the question on the restoration of authoritarianism in Spain. VOX, therefore, discards some principles of liberal democracy (a number of elements of political pluralism), without rejecting the other (rights and freedoms for the majority of the population).
Using Latent Semantic Indexing as a metric for evaluating research potentialities through Innovation Public Policies
Authors: Oliveira Silva Renan , Lima de Carvalho Rafael
Published: November 2021

Public innovation policies usually define strategies for Public research organizations, such as universities, in order to guide the next research projects of such organizations. Sometimes, it is difficult to know the actual state of an organization when a new policy is released by the government. The objective of this paper is to present the application of Latent Semantic Analysis, a technique of information retrieval, in order to create an index and automatically classify research projects, using text fields like title and abstract, to areas and subareas defined by related terms. It is also proposed a case study of about 200 projects from five graduate programs of the Universidade Federal do Tocantins. The proposed solution was capable of satisfactorily classify each project to the areas and subareas of a recent policy from the Science, Technology, Innovations, and Communications Ministry. In this way, the university could have some decision-making information, and the results could sustain for which internal policies could be implemented to maximize its actuation faced to the national innovation policy.
Exposure of Zebra Mussels to Radial Extracorporeal Shock Waves: Implications for Treatment of Fracture Nonunions
Authors: Wu Wenkai , Maffulli Nicola , Furia John , Meindlhumer Lukas , Sternecker Katharina , Milz Stefan , Schmitz Christoph
Published: November 2021

Background Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) is an attractive, non-invasive therapy option to manage fracture nonunions of superficial bones, with a reported success rate of approximately 75%. Using zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha), we recently demonstrated that induction of biomineralization after exposure to focused extracorporeal shock waves (fESWs) is not restricted to the region of direct energy transfer into calcified tissue. This study tested the hypothesis that radial extracorporeal shock waves (rESWs) also induce biomineralization in regions not directly exposed to the shock wave energy in zebra mussels. Methods Zebra mussels were exposed on the left valve to 1000 rESWs at different air pressure (between 0 and 4 bar), followed by incubation in calcein solution for 24 hours. Biomineralization was evaluated by investigating the fluorescence signal intensity found on sections of the left and right valves prepared two weeks after exposure. Results General linear model analysis demonstrated statistically significant (p < 0.05) effects of the applied shock wave energy as well as of the side (left/exposed vs. right/unexposed) and the investigated region of the valve (at the position of exposure vs. positions at a distance to the exposure) on the mean fluorescence signal intensity values, as well as statistically significant combined energy × region and energy × side × region effects. The highest mean fluorescence signal intensity value was found next to the umbo, i.e., not at the position of direct exposure to rESWs. Conclusions As in the application of fESWs, induction of biomineralization by exposure to rESWs may not be restricted to the region of direct energy transfer into calcified tissue. Furthermore, the results of this study may contribute to better understand why the application of higher energy flux densities beyond a certain threshold does not necessarily lead to higher success rates when treating fracture nonunions with extracorporeal shock wave therapy.
Trend Review Related To Defects Detection from Fruits and Vegetables
Authors: N Anjali , Kannan Rajkumar , Andres Frederic , Ghinea Georgeghita
Published: November 2021

Defect detection and identification from fruits and vegetables are particularly challenging for Indian agriculture. Defect Detection is a process to identify the defects or damages in vegetables and fruits, based on the shapes, colors and textures. The local market finds it difficult to cope with the defects and other infections in fruits and vegetables as quality evaluations and classification of vegetables and fruits have become tedious process. Recently, several approaches based on Image processing, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence methods have been proposed for the purpose of defect detection. On the basis of classifying the types of defects, related pathogens, and physical and morphological characteristics descriptors, we review the different approaches based on a corpus of 57 articles between 2016 and 2021. In the process of describing the defect analysis, steps from the target articles, algorithms, and methods including qualitative and quantitative evaluation are mainly summarized. The aim of this current review work is to present-day novel images and collects recent defective area calculation methods to detect surface defects of fruits and vegetables using RGB images and to classify whether the fruit is defected or fresh. A rigorous evaluation of many new algorithms provided for quality assurance by researcher’s probes of vegetables and fruits have been conducted in this work. This review work conveys that using the recent identification features will help to decrease the disadvantages in fruit storeroom owing to storage of the affected vegetables and fruits, ie. Preventing the spread of defects and other infections from the infected fruits and vegetables to the fresh ones.
The Oxygen Desaturation Measured by Optical Sensor at Fingertip but Not at the Arm Is Diminished by Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Zhang Zhongxing , Qi Ming , Hügli Gordana , Khatami Ramin
Published: November 2021

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder, and continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) is the most effective treatment. Poor adherence is one of the major challenges in CPAP therapy. The recent boom of wearable optical sensors measuring oxygen saturation makes the at-home multiple-night CPAP titrations possible, which may essentially improve the adherence of CPAP therapy by optimizing its pressure in a real-life setting economically. We tested whether the oxygen desaturations (OD) measured in the arm muscle (arm_OD) by gold-standard frequency-domain multi-distance near-infrared spectroscopy (FDMD-NIRS) changes with titrated CPAP pressures in OSA patients together with polysomnography. We found that the arm_OD (2.08 ± 1.23%, mean ± standard deviation) was significantly smaller (P-value <0.0001) than the fingertip OD (finger_OD) (4.46 ± 2.37%) measured by polysomnography pulse oximeter. Linear mixed-effects models suggested that CPAP pressure was a significant predictor for finger_OD but not for arm_OD. Since FDMD-NIRS measures a mixture of arterial and venous OD, whereas fingertip pulse oximeter measures arterial OD, our results of no association between arm_OD and finger_OD indicate that the arm_OD mainly represented venous desaturation. Arm_OD measured by near-infrared optical sensors may be not a suitable indicator of the effectiveness of CPAP titration.
Modulation Instability of Hydro-Elastic Waves Blown by a Wind with a Uniform Vertical Profile
Authors: Boral S. , Sahoo T. , Stepanyants Y.
Published: November 2021

An interesting physical phenomenon was recently observed when a fresh-water basin is covered by a thin ice film that has properties similar to that of a rubber membrane. Surface waves can be generated under the action of wind on the air-water interface that contains an ice film. The modulation property of hydro-elastic waves (HEWs) in deep water covered by thin ice film blown by the wind with a uniform vertical profile is studied here in terms of the air-flow velocity versus a wavenumber. The modulation instability of HEWs is studied through the analysis of coefficients of the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation with the help of the Lighthill criterion. The NLS equation is derived using the multiple scale method in the presence of airflow. It is demonstrated that the potentially unstable hydro-elastic waves with negative energy appear for relatively small wind speeds, whereas the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability arises when the wind speed becomes fairly strong. Estimates of parameters of modulated waves for the typical conditions are given.
CybIQ: Secure Authentication Method
Authors: Devidas Raghavendra , Srinivasachar Hrushikesh
Published: November 2021

With increased vulnerabilities and vast technology landscapes, it is extremely critical to build systems which are highly resistant to cyber-attacks, to break into systems to exploit. It is almost impossible to build 100% secure authentication & authorization mechanisms merely through standard password / PIN (With all combinations of special characters, numbers & upper/lower case alphabets and by using any of the Graphical password mechanisms). The immense computing capacity and several hacking methods used, make almost every authentication method susceptible to cyber-attacks in one or the other way. Only proven / known system which is not vulnerable in spite of highly sophisticated computing power is, human brain. In this paper, we present a new method of authentication using a combination of computer’s computing ability in combination with human intelligence. In fact this human intelligence is personalized making the overall security method more secure. Text based passwords are easy to be cracked [6]. There is an increased need for an alternate and more complex authentication and authorization methods. Some of the Methods [7] [8] in the category of Graphical passwords could be susceptible, when Shoulder surfing/cameras/spy devices are used.
Comparison of Different Image Data Augmentation Approaches
Authors: Nanni Loris , Paci Michelangelo , Brahnam Sheryl , Lumini Alessandra
Published: November 2021

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have gained prominence in the research literature on image classification over the last decade. One shortcoming of CNNs, however, is their lack of generalizability and tendency to overfit when presented with small training sets. Augmentation directly confronts this problem by generating new data points providing additional information. In this paper, we investigate the performance of more than ten different sets of data augmentation methods, with two novel approaches proposed here: one based on the Discrete Wavelet Transform and the other on the Constant-Q Gabor transform. Pretrained ResNet50 networks are finetuned on each augmentation method. Combinations of these networks are evaluated and compared across three benchmark data sets of images representing diverse problems and collected by instruments that capture information at different scales: a virus data set, a bark data set, and a LIGO glitches data set. Experiments demonstrate the superiority of this approach. The best ensemble proposed in this work achieves state-of-the-art performance across all three data sets. This result shows that varying data augmentation is a feasible way for building an ensemble of classifiers for image classification (code available at https://github.com/LorisNanni).
Basic bases of calculations and optimization of NPP power unit equipment parameters methods of mathematical modelling
Authors: Yefimov Olexander , Ilchenko Boris , Tiutiunyk Larysa , Yesipenko Tetyana , Motovilnik Anastasiia , Harkusha Tetyana
Published: November 2021

The materials of the article consider the optimization of certain parameters and characteristics of the equipment of NPP power units, which are closely related to the processes of their design and construction. Modern NPP power units are complex technical systems. They include a set of interconnected equipment for different technological purposes, which ensures the performance of power units of a complex function of electricity production and heat of the specified quality and according to a given load schedule. Complete mathematical models of the functional state of steam turbine power units are characterized by a large number of nonlinear connections and contain implicit functions. This complicates their widespread use to solve problems of systematic analysis of the quality of operation of power units. The aim of the work is to analyze the basic theoretical foundations, methods and approaches to the calculation and optimization of the parameters of the equipment of NPP power units by methods of mathematical modeling. The solution of the problem of optimization of NPP power unit parameters includes the following stages: selection of optimality criteria (objective functions); development of a system of interconnected mathematical models in accordance with the required hierarchical level of optimization research; selection of computational methods and optimization algorithms. Taking into account the above methodological provisions and approaches increases the efficiency of mathematical modeling to solve problems of calculations and optimization of NPP power unit parameters.
Dialetics of the relationship of public and individual health
Authors: Izutkin D. A.
Published: November 2021

In the article the phenomenon of health as integral notion is revealed from philosophic positions. Universal characteristics, inherent to health, in particular, its attributive, axiological and praxiological meaning, are highlighted. The evolution of representations about health is manifested in the historical context.

The aim of the study. On the basis of fundamental dialectic categories to show the relationship of public and individual health from biosocial point of view.

Methods. The basic dialectic principles, such as unity of quantity and quality, subjective and objective, unique, specific and common are being used.

Results. Similar and differential features between public and individual health, reflected different correlation of quantitative and qualitative manifestations, objective conditions and subjective stimuluses, common, specific and unique characteristics are revealed.

Conclusions. The fundamental dialectic categories may serve as a methodological basis in the analysis of the relationship of public and individual health. They advance integral understanding of health and its ontological meaning in the individual and societal experience.
Moxifloxacin Concentrations in the Knee Joint, Tibial Bone, and Soft Tissue When Combined with Rifampicin
Authors: Slater Josefine , Stilling Maiken , Hanberg Pelle , Fichtner Bendtsen Mathias Alrø , Jørgensen Andrea René , Søballe Kjeld , Jørgensen Nis Pedersen , Bue Mats
Published: November 2021

Background:

Peri and postoperative antibiotics are key adjuvant treatment tools in the management of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of rifampicin on the area under the moxifloxacin concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 hours (AUC0-24) in the synovial fluid of the knee joint, tibial bone, and adjacent subcutaneous tissue under steady-state conditions using microdialysis in a porcine model.

Methods:

Twenty female pigs were randomized to receive oral treatment with moxifloxacin monotherapy (Group A, n = 10) of 400 mg once daily for 3 days or a combination therapy (Group B, n = 10) of 400 mg of moxifloxacin once daily for 3 days and 450 mg of rifampicin twice daily for 7 days. Microdialysis was used for sampling the synovial fluid of the knee joint, tibial cancellous and cortical bone, and adjacent subcutaneous tissues. Plasma samples were taken as a reference. Measurements were obtained for 24 hours.

Results:

Coadministration of moxifloxacin and rifampicin resulted in reductions of the moxifloxacin AUC0-24in all targeted tissue compartments by 67% to 85% (p < 0.05). The corresponding change in plasma was 20% (p = 0.49). For both groups, the tissue penetration (the ratio of tissue free fraction AUC0-24to plasma free fraction AUC0-24[fAUCtissue/fAUCplasma]) was incomplete in all investigated compartments. The highest moxifloxacin tissue penetration was in the knee joint synovial fluid: 0.59 (Group A) and 0.24 (Group B). The lowest tissue penetration was in the cortical bone: 0.17 (Group A) and 0.03 (Group B).

Conclusions:

We found a significant reduction of the moxifloxacin concentration, expressed as the AUC0-24, in tissues relevant to acute PJI treatment when coadministered with rifampicin.

Clinical Relevance:

The concentrations within the targeted tissue compartments were reduced significantly more than the concentrations in plasma, which may be particularly important as plasma concentrations are used in clinical practice to assess moxifloxacin treatment sufficiency.
Large-Scale Social Restriction (LSSR) Policy and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Cases during COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia (Case Studies: Five Cities/Districts in East Java Province)
Authors: Trisandy Aldio Yudha , Maruf Muhammad Azmi , Yudhastuti Ririh , Lusno Muhammad Farid Dimjati , Notobroto Hari Basuki
Published: November 2021

The first positive case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Indonesia was announced in March 2020. Since then, the positive cases have continued to increase. This condition prompted the government to adopt the Large-Scale Social Restriction (LSSR)/Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB). Some areas included in endemic regions for dengue face two problems: overcoming COVID-19 and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) simultaneously. Five economic growth center cities/districts in East Java Province (Gresik, Bangkalan, Surabaya, Sidoarjo, and Lamongan) were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and dengue fever. This was a quantitative research with a comparative design study using the Wilcoxon test to compare the cases of DHF pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Wilcoxon test result showed no significant difference with a p-value of 0.319 (p-value>0.05). It can be concluded that DHF still becomes a problem in five cities/districts in East Java Province even though LSRR was applied. Extra attention is needed to overcome DHF. One of the efforts to prevent and control DHF during the COVID-19 pandemic is to build community independence through the one house one health cadres’ movement.
Epidemiological Pattern of COVID-19 Infection from March to November 2020 in Situbondo District, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Gesmalah Mohmed , Hidajah Atik Choirul
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a global threat. As of March 31, 2020, there were 1,528 confirmed COVID-19 cases with 136 deaths in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological features and clinical course of COVID-19 in Situbondo District, East Java Province, Indonesia, to facilitate understanding of the epidemiological situation and the spread of infection in the community to improve the control and prevention measures. This study examined the epidemiological features of COVID-19 cases in Situbondo using descriptive analysis. The results revealed that from March to November 2020, there were 1,622 suspected cases and 816 confirmed cases. Moreover, females (total case 470,58%) were more likely to be infected than males (total case 346,43%). Mainly, the cases of COVID-19 infection were in the age group of 19-37 years old (36.8%), and almost half of the confirmed cases (41 cases) were caused by the infection from close contact to confirmed cases, based on the epidemiological investigation report. People with comorbidities were more susceptible to being infected. Hypertension (8,7%), diabetes (8,6%), heart disease (3,7%), kidney failure, and COPD, each by (1%) were the highest reported comorbidities in COVID-19 patients. There was another disease with a low percentage like asthma, pulmonary TB, and cancer. This study opens the gate to further studies, which are needed to understand more about the epidemiological COVID-19 situation in the community.
COVID-19 and the City: A Healthy City Strategy for Pandemic Challenges, from Planning to Action
Authors: Hasyim Hamzah , Dale Patricia
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a new coronavirus discovered in 2019. WHO declared COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 as a pandemic that the detection level of cases changed daily, and it can track almost in real-time. This paper used a narrative literature review to address issues of urban quality and lack of exercise. The specific aim was to discuss the concept of a healthy city, indicate a new urban model, and advocate for the increased use of bicycles, outdoor gym/outdoor exercise, walking to reducing pollution, and improving physical, psychological, and social fitness. A healthy city can improve residents’ health by improving conditions of life to face COVID-19 pandemics. It needs the local capacity to prevent the spread of the diseases and design public health concepts concerning the built environment and contemporary towns in a new urban model. Dialogue opportunities in public health can provide essential guidance for designers (architects and town planners), decision-makers, public health experts, and health agencies locally, promoting the actions and policies to transform the city into a healthier neighborhood and salutogenesis.
Impact of Climate Variables on COVID-19 Pandemic in Asia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Saputra Yoerdy Agusmal , Susanna Dewi , Saki Vernonia Yora
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 has become a global pandemic and threatens public health systems worldwide. Virus transmission can be influenced by several factors, one of which is climatic conditions. Temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and solar radiation play an important role in the transmission of infectious diseases and are variables that can determine the resistance of the SARS virus. This paper aimed to critically assess and provide evidence-based on the impact of climate variables on COVID-19 cases in Asia based on current knowledge to form the basis of guidelines for health care and prevention efforts. This systematic review used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The articles were searched from ProQuest, Scopus, PubMed, and Springerlink databases. It has been screened 2.784 abstracts, 103 full-text publications, and ultimately included 11 systematic reviews. The review found a consistently positive relationship between climate variables and COVID-19. Average temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and humidity (r = 0.83, 0.94, 0.93, 0.30) were significantly correlated with COVID-19 cases. Temperature, maximum humidity, and population density (adjusted R2 = 0.53, p < 0.05), can be used as references in planning interventions during potential future pandemics. Linear regression framework, high humidity, and high temperature (p < 0.05) significantly reduce the transmission of COVID-19. This systematic review shows that climate plays a role in the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia.
Economic or Public Health? Southeast Asia’s Tackling of COVID-19 a Year Later
Authors: Arumsari Imas , Fauzi Ridhwan , Maruf Mohammad Ainul , Bigwanto Mouhamad
Published: November 2021

The world has been challenged by rapidly spreading COVID-19 outbreaks for a year now. Southeast Asian countries have had different strategies to deal with the pandemic. This review aimed to elaborate on Southeast Asian countries’ strategies in managing the trade-off between economic and public health, with further consideration of how such approaches were associated with the dynamics of the number of cases and the speed of economic recovery. This review evaluated the COVID-19 mitigation efforts spanning one year in the Southeast Asian (SEA) countries listed based on the Bloomberg COVID Resilience Ranking. As of May 24, 2021, three SEA countries (Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia) were chosen from the better (27th), moderate (35th), and worst (42nd) SEA country rankings. Peer-reviewed articles were obtained from Google Scholar and PubMed databases, and news articles were retrieved from GoogleNews. The data from government websites were also included. Sources were limited to those in the English and Indonesian languages that could be accessed between January 2020 and May 2021. Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia were found to have significantly prioritized consideration of the economy in handling the pandemic. Malaysia and Thailand had more stringent policies of imposing national lockdowns, while Indonesia had a partial lockdown. It was found that a weak pandemic response may result in substantial economic loss.