bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on surface morphology and recast layer microstructure of medium thickness stainless steel sheets using high power laser cutting
Authors: Hu Chongjing , Mi Gaoyang , Wang Chunming
Published: April 2020

With the rapid development of high-power lasers, efficiency of laser cutting and thickness of cutting material have been greatly increased. In this study, a 10 kW fiber laser was used to cut 18 mm thick 316L stainless steel sheets. The surfaces and cross sections of samples were observed by an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope. It was found that the quality of laser cutting was closely related to its process parameters, and the most important defects during the laser cutting process included striation and dross. On this basis, effects of process parameters such as defocusing amount and cutting speed on the kerf morphology and microstructure of the recast layer were investigated. The cutting surface was clearly divided into four characteristic areas in the vertical direction; the surface morphology and the recast layer microstructure of each area were analyzed. The results of the nanoindentation test showed that microhardness of the recast layer increased significantly comparing with that of the substrate, which was due to the refined microstructure of the recast layer. The influence of the notch effect caused by the dross at the bottom of the cutting surface on the crack source is greater than that caused by the surface striation, so the crack source is more likely to be generated near the dross. The parameters for good cutting quality in this experiment are as follows: 10 bar N2 assist gas pressure, 9 kW of laser power, −15 mm of defocus, and 350 mm/min of cutting speed.
Electric evaluation of hybrid laser-TIG welding: Interaction between arc and laser plume
Authors: Silva Rafael Gomes Nunes , Pereira Milton , Rodrigues Max Baranenko , Pereira Adriano de Souza Pinto , Schwedersky Mateus Barancelli
Published: April 2020

Hybrid laser-arc welding (HLAW) is regarded as a promising joining process, since it can compensate disadvantages from laser autogenous welding and arc welding by uniting both techniques into a single melt pool. Such a process can achieve relative high quality metallurgical bonding, high speed, and low deformation. However, the process is considered complex and of difficult parametrization, as the four states of matter come to coexist in the same space and as the union of two processes generates interactions that are still not well understood [C. Churiaque, M. Chludzinski, M. Porrua-Lara, A. Dominguez-Abecia, F. Abad-Fraga, and J. Maria Sánchez-Amaya, “Laser hybrid welding of large thickness naval steel,” Metals J. 9, 100 (2019); G. Casalino, Hybrid Laser Welding: A Review, DAAAM International Scientific Book (DAAAM International, Vienna, 2010), Chap. 38, pp. 413–430; and B. Ribic, T. A. Palmer, and T. DebRoy, “Problems and issues in laser-arc hybrid welding,” Int. Mater. Rev. 54, 223–244 (2009)]. One of HLAW’s main variations is studied and evaluated in this work, the hybrid laser-Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding process. In this process, the interaction between the arc and the laser-induced plume is dependent on the shielding gas flow, arc welding current and voltage, laser beam characteristics, and the geometric relations between electrode, laser incidence position, and workpiece. Here, in order to further analyze the influence of the laser power on arc behavior during the hybrid process, tests were performed by varying the TIG current and laser power parameters from 60 to 100 A with increments of 20 A and 0 to 2500 W with increments of 500 W, respectively. From an arc’s voltage monitoring, one can analyze the influence of the interaction between the arc’s plasma and the plume induced by the laser. It was observed that the perturbation generated by the laser beam is directly proportional to its power, as there is an increase in the average voltage and the perturbance amplitude as a function of the applied laser power. The analysis presented over the dynamic aspect of the hybrid welding process and the influence of the laser beam on the arc contribute to the laser-TIG welding consolidation within the academic and industrial scenario.
The Strategy of Processing Coffee Farming System in Temas Mumanang Village Permata District of Bener Meriah Regency Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam
Authors: Puspitawati Puspitawati , Hasanah Noviy , Febryani Ayu
Published: April 2020

This paper is about strategies for how to process coffee in the coffee farming system in Temas Mumanang Village, Permata District, Bener Meriah Regency, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam Province. This paper thoroughly and in-depth describes the ways of planting and maintaining coffee plants carried out from the first period to the fourth period, starting from making coffee seeds, planting coffee seeds, maintaining coffee plants, and harvesting and handling post-harvest (processing). The whole period has special ways that are the local wisdom of Gayo coffee farmers. This local wisdom is used as a reference to the farming system which until now is able to make the Gayo High Region as a coffee producer with Robusta and Arabica Coffee varieties to foreign countries.
Perkembangan Ritual Adat Mangongkal Holi Batak Toba dalam Kekristenan di Tanah Batak
Authors: Hutagaol Firman Oktavianus , P. Prayitno Iky Sumarthita
Published: April 2020

This paper is the result of observations and analysis of religious sociology on the traditional mangongkal holi rituals in Pahae Julu, North Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra. This paper aims to explore and explain the social and cultural values contained in this traditional ritual. This ritual survives and adheres to the Toba Batak tribe even though its implementation has been adapted to the teachings of Christianity prevailing in the Batak Land. Some of the social and cultural values contained in the ritual still survive and are important for the Toba Batak people. To approach this problem, theoretical references from Emile Durkheim and Max Weber are used. Data was collected through literature studies, interviews, and direct observations of these traditional rituals in the Pahae Julu area, as well as qualitative analysis. This paper concludes that this traditional ritual contains mechanical solidarity and the role of the charismatic ritual leader for the Batak people.
Kenoto Adat Perkawinan Suku Sabu, Kajian Sosiologi Agama dalam Tindakan Sosial Max Weber
Authors: Sioh Alyan Maurits
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to explain the importance of the Kenoto marriage and the noble values that exist in the kenoto marriage. The research used is qualitative research to see Kenoto as a unifying tool in the Sabu tribal community. The Kenoto Ritual in the Customs of Sabu Tribal Marriage Max Weber's Sociology of Religion Study in Social Action. The method of observation and structured interviews. The analyzed are the results of interviews and observations with Indigenous and church leaders, Religious Leaders and Marriage Couples. The results showed that the priority of the Kenoto marriage in the Sabu tribal community was very important and became the basis. Because the Kenoto Marriage shows the self-esteem of a woman. To better understand comprehensively, this analysis will provide answers through a typical understanding of Weber's social action theory, the type of social action that is suitable or used in the kenoto marriage, namely Traditional Action and Value Rationality.
Dimensions of Ethics and Telemedicine in Indonesia: Enough of Permenkes Number 20 Year 2019 As a Frame of Telemedicine Practices in Indonesia?
Authors: Kuntardjo Carolina
Published: April 2020

Telemedisin in Indonesia was known a few years ago but unfortunately did not make progress in its implementation. As technology developed during the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era, Indonesia returned to pay attention to the telemedicine system. One manifestation is the enactment of Minister of Health Regulation No. 20 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Telemedicine Between Health Service Facilities. In the preamble of this Permenkes, it appears that the spirit of doing telemedicine is in order to bring health services closer and improve the quality of health services in health facilities in remote areas that prioritize patient interests and safety. Despite the fact that telemedicine currently available in Indonesia is more personal between doctors and patients. Of course, this can be considered to violate existing regulations, because there are no rules that frame them. In addition to the benefits derived from telemedicine because health services for remote areas are increasingly affordable and faster, there are still many obstacles in terms of ethics and law. In legal matters, the lack of rules that frame the implementation of telemedicine can jeopardize the position of doctors in the event of a medical dispute. In terms of ethics, there are still a number of things that are not in accordance with the principles of bioethics, namely beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, and justice. It is feared that the doctor-patient relationship will fade in telemedicine. The doctor's professional standard is also the case, because a doctor may not be able to conduct a direct examination of patients. There are still many obstacles in the implementation of telemedicine that this should be a challenge for the Indonesian government through the Ministry of Health to pay more attention and make clearer rules to frame the implementation of telemedicine in Indonesia.
COMPOZIȚIILE ICONOGRAFICE PE TEMA APOCALIPSEI ALE PICTORULUI ȘTEFAN DIN ȘIȘEȘTI
Authors: BERINDEI Cosmina-Maria
Published: April 2020

The Iconographic Compositions on the Apocalypse Theme Realized by Painter Ștefan from Șișești. Using the iconological method introduced in the iconography research by Erwin Panofski, our paper proposes an iconographic analysis of two compositions on the Apocalypse theme by the painter Ștefan from Șișești. These two compositions were painted in the UNESCO World Heritage wooden churches in two neighboring villages, Șurdești and Plopiș, Maramureș County. We aim to highlight their quality of signifiers in the communities in which their realization was possible, proving social reactions appropriate to a harmonious social coexistence, and individual attitudes marked by care for posthumous destiny. The approach we propose in this paper is an interdisciplinary one, using methods and concepts specific to the history of art and some to the fields of ethnography and anthropology. The scientific motivation of the present paper is that these iconographic compositions were not given the attention they deserve, both from the stylistic perspective and from the importance they have in identifying social and affective attitudes articulated in the community where these works of art were possible, and, above all, their placement on the trilobate vault and on the western wall of the nave of the wooden church in Plopiș, and on the vault of the nave and in the altar in the case of the wooden church in Șurdești. In both compositions, in the center of the nave vault, the Holy Trinity in Western writing is represented; on the midline of the nave vault, towards the altar, The Mother of Lord Orantă, and towards the pronaos, The Lamb of God in the wooden church in Șurdești and Archangel Michael at Plopiș are represented. In the four corners of the vault, the four evangelists are represented. In these compositions, there appear also apocalyptic angels, the image of John, The Woman dressed in the Sun, The Apocalyptic Beast and the Council of the twenty-four Elders. The two iconographic compositions on the theme of Apocalypse are devoid of dynamism. The characters are represented as an inventory, static, but highlighting all the action potential they have. Although the painter respects the norms of the Post-Byzantine tradition, under Baroque’s influence, the representations claim their space stretching towards infinity, and the figures are humanized, with gentle faces, with big and expressive eyes and costumes that are lost in folds. The inclusion of the Apocalypse theme by Ștefan from Șișești in the iconographic program of the two churches and the painting of characters reminiscent of the world’s end with all its implications, in the nave of the church, and in one case with extension towards the altar, shows us not only the painter’s but also the community’s special interest in this theme, as a desire to cause social reactions appropriate to a harmonious coexistence and to individual attitudes marked by the care for the posthumous destiny.
METODOLOGIA ȘI ISTORIOGRAFIA ORNAMENTULUI ARHITECTURAL DIN CLUJ-NAPOCA
Authors: MĂȚAN DRAGOSTE Emilia
Published: April 2020

Methodology and Historiography of Architectural Ornaments from Cluj-Napoca. In the article I intend to argue for the symbolic understanding of the architectural ornament. I trace the historical evolution of the ornament in relation with the most relevant artistic styles of the 19th century: Neoclassicism, Historism, Eclecticism, Art Nouveau. I also map the different theoretical conceptualizations of the ornament, ranging from considering it an auxiliary element of the architectural edifice to its analysis as a self-contained object, bearing an illustrative dimension. It is this latter approach that I am envisaging relevant and appropriate for the investigation of the architectural ornament in Cluj-Napoca during the period spanning from the 19th century till the beginning of the 20th century. The symbolic framing of the ornament places the architectural accessories from that time within a web of meanings specific for the transnational communication of forms and artists/ architects in East Central Europe. I make a case for the argument as a cultural artifact bearing testimony about a certain historical context, about the personal choices of the architect and the views of the commissioner and, last but not least, about the morphological traces having a life of their own. The architectural ornaments from Cluj-Napoca can thus be seen in their stylistic complexity, but also as artifacts having a local imprint, dependent or independent on individual artistic choices.
Meriç Nehri (Edirne) Boyunca Nehir Suyuyla Sulanan Çeltiklerde Pestisit Kalıntıları
Authors: KULAKSIZ Çağatay , AKGÜN Abdullah
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada, Meriç Nehri'nden (Edirne) sulanarak üretilen çeltiklerde kullanılan zirai ilaç kalıntılarının insan ve çevre sağlığı açısından yasal değerlerin üstünde olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Edirne, 2018 yılında yaklaşık 410.000 ton çeltik üretimiyle Türkiye’nin en büyük çeltik üreticisi olup, Türkiye’nin toplam üretimin %44’ünü karşılamaktadır. Çeltik yaşam evresi boyunca suda olduğundan, üretiminde yabancı ot ve bitki zararlılarına karşı kaçınılmaz olarak tarım ilacı kullanılmaktadır. Buna ek olarak, Bulgaristan’daki Meriç havzasında da çeltik üretimi yapıldığından bu bölgeden suyla taşınabilen pestisitlerin bu bölgedeki çeltiklere bulaşma ihtimali olabileceği dikkate alınmıştır. Gıdalardaki ilaç kalıntılarının neden olabileceği olumsuzluklar dikkate alınarak yapılan yasal düzenlemeler ile her pestisit etken maddesi için belli bir maksimum kalıntı limiti belirlenmiş veya bazılarının kullanımı yasaklanmıştır. Bu çalışma üç aşamada gerçekleştirilmiştir. Birinci aşamada analizi yapılacak olan çeltik örnekleri 2018 yılında Edirne’de Meriç Nehri boyunca 25 ayrı noktadan toplanmıştır. İkinci aşamada toplanan çeltikler sap ve kavuzlarından ayrılarak kurutulmuş ve örnekler analiz edilinceye kadar uygun koşullarda muhafaza edilmiştir. Son aşamada test edilen pestisit aktif bileşenlerinin 365’i LC/MS-MS ile kalanları GC-MS sistemleri ile taranmıştır. Analizler sonucunda çeltik ve pirinç örneklerinde, azoksistrobin (0.094-0.033 mg/kg), siprokonazol (0.029-0 mg/kg), epoksikanazol (0.018-0 mg/kg), prokloraz (0.063-0.019 mg/kg), profoksidim (0.021-0 mg/kg), propikonazol (0.116-0.043 mg/kg), tebukonazol (0.045-0.017 mg/kg) ve trifloksistrobin (0.076-0.023 mg/kg) pestisitleri belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre, analiz edilen çeltik ve pirinç örneklerinde bulunan pestisit kalıntı miktarının, Türk Gıda Kodeksi ve Avrupa Birliği’nin ilgili pestisit kalıntı limitleri mevzuatında yer alan limitlerin altında olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Hazır Yemek Sektöründe Çalışan Gıda Mühendislerinin Sorunları
Authors: ŞEN Mehmet Akif
Published: April 2020

Sanayinin gelişmesi, nüfusun artması, kadınların çalışma hayatına daha fazla katılmaları, gıda servis etkinliğinin hızla gelişmesi gibi sebepler nedeniyle Türkiye’de hazır yemek sektörü hızlı bir gelişme göstermektedir. Güncel verilere göre Türkiye nüfusunun %27,5’i hazır yemek hizmetinden yararlanmaktadır. İlgili yasalar gereği, gıda mühendisleri bu sektörde İstihdamı Zorunlu Personel (İZP) olarak çalıştırılmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, hazır yemek sektöründe istihdam edilen gıda mühendislerinin yaşadıkları problemleri tespit etmek ve bunlara çözüm önerileri sunmaktır. Bu amaçla 728 gıda mühendisinden anket toplanmış, elde edilen bulgulara göre katılımcıların %76,10’u sektörden memnun olmadığını belirtmiştir. Bununla beraber katılımcılar, merdiven altı üretim, haksız rekabet, İZP ücretinin eksik ödenmesi ve potansiyellerini yansıtamama gibi sorunların yaşandığını ifade etmişlerdir.
Bitkisel Yağlarda 3-Monokloropropan-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) ve Glisidil Esterleri Oluşumu ve Azaltılması
Authors: EMEKTAR Kübra , KANTEKİN ERDOĞAN Meryem Nur , TEKİN Aziz
Published: April 2020

3-Monokloropropan-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) ve glisidol, serbest veya esterleşmiş formlarda bulunabilen ısıl işlem kaynaklı gıda bulaşanlarıdır. Uluslararası Kanser Araştırma Ajansı (IARC) 3-MCPD’yi Grup 2B (insanlar için olası karsinojen) glisidolü ise Grup 2A (insanlar için muhtemel karsinojen) olarak sınıflandırmıştır. Toksisitesinden dolayı serbest 3-MCPD için maksimum tolere edilebilir günlük alım (TDI) miktarı JECFA tarafından 2 µg/kg vücut ağırlığı olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca Avrupa Komisyonu’nun 2018 yılında yaptığı son düzenleme ile bitkisel yağlarda glisidil esterleri limit değeri 1 mg/kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Mono ve digliseritler ile klor iyonu gibi prekürsörlerin rafine bitkisel yağlarda 3-MCPD ve glisidil ester bulaşanlarının oluşumundan sorumlu olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bunun yanında bitkisel yağların rafinasyonu sırasında uygulanan sıcaklık ve sürenin de bu bulaşanların oluşumunu önemli ölçüde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu derlemede, ilgili güncel literatür ışığında bitkisel yağlarda 3-MCPD ve glisidil esterleri oluşumuna sebep olan faktörler ve bu bulaşanların azaltılmasında kullanılan yöntemler incelenmiştir.
IMPACT OF VARIOUS 2, 4-D CONCENTRATIONS AND DIFFERENT VITAMIN MIXTURES ON in vitro CULTURE OF COCONUT (Cocos nucifera L.) BY UTILIZING SEEDLINGS SHOOT TIP
Authors: ElGioushy Sherif Fathy , Rui Liu , Fan Haikuo
Published: April 2020

In this experiment, seedlings as sources for shoot tips was assembled from the coconut research institute (CRI) of Chinese Academy of tropical agricultural sciences germplasm, Wenchang, Hainan, China. The shoot tips were cultured on Y3 medium to study the impact of ten concentrations of 2, 4-D and three vitamin mixtures on survival, death and development % on in vitro culture establishment stage of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.). The obtained results revealed that all 2,4-D concentrations 4,7, 75, 100, 120 and 140 mg/L + any vitamin mixture did not give any development and high concentrations of 2, 4-D increased the death %. In any case, it can be concluded that the rate of differences in survival, death and development percentages exhibited by 2, 4-D concentrations was more pronounced than the analogous ones resulted by vitamin mixtures. At any rate, utilizing of (2, 4-D at concentration 25 mg/L+ vitamin mixture 1 or 2) exhibited the greatest values of survival percentage and reduced death percentage. Just as, increased the percentages of development in in vitro culture establishment stage of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) through seedlings shoot tip.
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate abuse: pharmacology and poisoning and withdrawal management
Authors: Marinelli Enrico , Beck Renata , Malvasi Antonio , Faro Alfredo Fabrizio Lo , Zaami Simona
Published: April 2020

Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a central nervous system depressant primarily used as a recreational drug of abuse, but also for the treatment of narcolepsy with cataplexy in adult patients and as an adjuvant for control of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. The main aim of this review is to summarise updated knowledge about GHB pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, acute poisoning, and clinical features of GHB withdrawal syndrome, its diagnosis and medical treatment. The most common clinical signs and symptoms of acute poisoning include sleepiness to deep coma, bradycardia, hypotension, and respiratory failure. Therapy is essentially supportive and based on continuous monitoring of vital signs. GHB withdrawal syndrome shares patterns with other withdrawal syndromes such as alcohol withdrawal and is sometimes difficult to distinguish, especially if toxicological tests are GHB-negative or cannot be performed. There are no official detoxification protocols for GHB withdrawal syndrome, but its therapy is based on benzodiazepine. When benzodiazepine alone is not effective, it can be combined with barbiturates or antipsychotics. Information about abuse and distribution of GHB and its precursors/analogues among the general population is still limited. Their prompt identification is therefore crucial in conventional and non-conventional biological matrices, the latter in particular, to clarify all the issues around this complex molecule.
Analytical and approximate solutions of Fractional Partial Differential-Algebraic Equations
Authors: Günerhan Hatıra , Çelik Ercan
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we have extended the Fractional Differential Transform method for the numerical solution of the system of fractional partial differential-algebraic equations. The system of partial differential-algebraic equations of fractional order is solved by the Fractional Differential Transform method. The results exhibit that the proposed method is very effective.
A New Approach to (3+1) Dimensional Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli Equation
Authors: Yel Gülnur , Aktürk Tolga
Published: April 2020

In this article, some new travelling wave solutions of the (3+1) dimensional Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli (BLMP) equation are obtained using the modified exponential function method. When the solution functions obtained are examined, it is seen that functions with periodic functions are obtained. Two and three dimensional graphs of the travelling wave solutions of the BLMP equation are drawn by selecting the appropriate parameters
Profil Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin
Authors: Setyawati Dwi Utami , Febrilia Baiq Rika Ayu , Nissa Ita Chairun
Published: April 2020

Critical thinking is a careful and calculated thinking activity using complex reasoning. The purpose of this study is to describe the students' ability to think critically in solving problems based on gender. The research subjects were two second semester students of Mathematics Education Program Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika. The instruments were a mathematics problem-solving sheet and interview guidelines. Data were analyzed qualitatively by three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results of the study found that the two subjects could bring up the five indicators of critical thinking. The male student was better in providing analytical analysis on the further explanation of the solution given, and the female student was better providing a complete, clear and detailed explanation so that it takes a longer time. However, the two students could not accurately draw conclusions and analysis. It is recommended that the lecturer provides various questions with different levels so that students are accustomed to thinking critically and they, later, as teachers also can train students' critical thinking.
Estimation of Genetic Components of Cocoa Populations (Theobroma cacao L.) in Seedling Phase
Authors: Agung Wahyu Susilo  , Sobir  , Desta Wirnas  , Wuriandani Adinda
Published: April 2020

Seedling is often used as planting material and rootstock for clonal propagation in cocoa. Seedling as cocoa planting material came form superior parents or crosses of superior parents. The research aimed to estimate the genetic components of cocoa morphological characters using the North Carolina II mating design. Three female parent genotypes, namely KW 516, Sulawesi 3, and TSH 858, were crossed with two male parent genotypes, namely ICCRI 09 and Scavina 6. Observed variables consisted of plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, root length, root volume, shoot fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight, root:shoot ratio at 16 weeks after showing. General combining ability (GCA) value showed Sulawesi 3 as the best female parent, and Scavina 6 as the best male parent. Specific combining ability (SCA) values showed TSH 858 x Scavina 6, KW 516 x ICCRI 09, and Sulawesi 3 x ICCRI 09 as the best crosses. Sulawesi 3 x ICCRI 09 seedlings had good vigor and met the criteria for transplanting. Cocoa morphological characters were affected by dominant gene action except for root volume.

Keywords: seedling, North Carolina II, general combining ability, specific combining ability
Personality Type Based Pumping-HR Model Toward Working Targets of The Civil Service
Authors: Didong Suherbi Amir Tengku Ramly,
Published: April 2020

Personality is one of the factors that will affect employee performance. Civil Servants (PNS) who have individual personalities such as introverts and or extroverts can affect employee performance at certain levels. This study shows that employee personality affects their performance. Also, to examine the effect of employee personality on performance based on SKP (Employee Performance Targets). The results showed that there were significant differences between personality types on employee performance. It is found that the kind of personality Extrovert = Introvert produces the best average return based on the SKP evaluation results. In contrast, Extrovert's personality type provides the lowest average in the performance of Civil Servants, in the Agriculture Office of the City of Bogor. The excellent performance in the Regional Work Unit (SKPD), it is recommended to place employees with extrovert = introvert personality types, especially in essential positions.
MANGROVE SEBAGAI BISNIS MASYARAKAT DI KAWASAN PESISIR
Authors: Ismawati Ismawati , Sumitro Eko Adi , Rohman Rohman
Published: April 2020

Mangrove terdapat diwilayah pesisir, tumbuh diantara laut dan daratan yang dipengaruhi oleh pasang surut air. Ekosistem mangrove tumbuh disepanjang garis pantai dan memiliki fungsi istimewa karena merupakan komunitas bertoleransi dengan garam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi dan jenis mangrove yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat pesisir di daerah Kecamatan Pragaan. Alternatif pemanfaatan mangrove dan menganalisis nilai ekonomi menggunakan metode purposif sampling dengan 100 responden menggunakan metode purposive sampling di empat lokasi dan setiap populasi dipilih 10%. Nilai ekonomi dan analisis manfaat biaya menggunakan metode deskriptif dan analisa kuantitatif dengan metode biaya manfaat. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ecosistem mangrove memiliki pemanfaatan yang tinggi yang ditunjukkan oleh pendapatan masyarakat sebagai pendapatan utama, kebutuhan rumah tangga dan budidaya garam tradisional. Berdasarkan keseimbangan antara indikator untuk kriteria ekonomi dan ekologi mengikuti pemanfaatannya yaitu (100% mangrove dan 0% monokultur) atau (75% mangrove dan 25% monokultur)
Leitura literária no ensino médio
Authors: Volmer Lovani , Carvalho Ana Candida , Santos Luciano
Published: April 2020

Este estudo discute a importância da narrativa literária na constituição do sujeito e analisa, em uma perspectiva discursiva, textos multissemióticos produzidos a partir da leitura de contos de Machado de Assis, a fim de averiguar a posição axiológica dos adolescentes, seu olhar sobre si e o outro, seus hábitos culturais, seus posicionamentos ideológico-políticos, seus traços identitários, seus sonhos e utopias. Esse projeto de leitura, realizado com alunos de Ensino Médio, remete a uma perspectiva possível de escolarização da literatura, capaz de promover autoconhecimento, participação ativa, crítica e criativa de jovens, favorecendo a diversidade, a aprendizagem significativa e colocando o professor como mediador do processo.
Pengembangan Benih Kedelai Bermutu dalam rangka Mendukung Kemandirian Pangan di Desa Bulutellue
Authors: Nurmiaty Nurmiaty , Yassin Miss Rahma , Rinduwati Rinduwati
Published: April 2020

Abstract. As a center for soybean production, scarcity of quality soybean seeds at the farmer level is a limiting factor in manifesting food self sufficiency in Bulutellue Village. Therefore, this activity aims at increasing the availability of quality seeds at the farmer level and increasing soybean production in Bulutellue Village Tondong Tallasa Subdistrict Pangkep Regency. The activity took place from March to June 2018. The method used was in the form of counselling, training, demonstration plot (demplot) making and supervision. The results of counselling activity show the farmerâ€™s increasing knowledge and skill s of quality seed benefits, seed class and ways of producing quality seeds. To complement farmerâ€™s knowledge, a field activity is carried out in the form of one hectare demplot. By applying the package of technology, namely the utilization of primary seeds (BP or benih pokok) of Argomulyo variety, applying the planting distance of 25 cm x 25 cm, weed control, fertilization, pest and disease control, harvest and post harvest, the quality of production harvest yields increases. The results of this technology application activity show the farmerâ€™s increasing knowledge and skills in producing quality seeds production and also the availability of quality seeds and an increase in the farmerâ€™s soybean production that reaches 1.25 tons per hectare, compared to the previous production of only 0.75 ton per hectare.
Infektif Endokarditis Pada Penyakit Jantung Tiroid
Authors: Permatasari Pradita Diah
Published: April 2020

Infective endocarditis is an endocardial surface infection of the heart including heart valves that can be fatal. Occurs because there is damage to the surface of the endocardium and the entry of bacteria into the circulation. The presence of cardiac lesions such as mitral regurgitation can be a predisposing factor for infective endocarditis. Patients were diagnosed with infective endocarditis based on a scoring system consisting of clinical symptoms, imaging, and blood culture findings, namely: modified Duke criteria. Treatment of infective endocarditis consists of giving antibiotics and evacuating vegetation by surgery. Surgical action is indicated if there is symptoms of heart failure, uncontrolled infections and vegetation size are too large, causing the risk of embolism.
Bioactive constituents and allelopathic activities of the invasive weed Ranunculus sceleratus L. Nile Delta, Egypt
Authors: S. Serag Mamdouh , A. Khedr Abd El-Hamid , El-Amier Yasser A. , El-Afify Shahenda M.
Published: April 2020

Ranunculus sceleratus L. (celery-leaved buttercup) is a herbaceous plant grows in wet and moist habitats and is native to temperate and boreal North America and Eurasia. Moreover, it is listed as an invasive weed in northern Africa, Europe and Asia. This study aimed to determine some secondary products in R. sceleratus (Shoot and Root system) collected from canal banks of drains, Nile Delta, Egypt and to demonstrate their antioxidant and allelopathic potential. Results revealed that, methanolic extract of R. sceleratus rich in phenols, saponins and tannins. The antioxidant activity of the R. sceleratus has IC50 value of 0.37 mg/ml and 0.34 mg/ml for shoot and root, respectively, compared to 0.15 mg/ml for catechol. At 400 mg/ml, Chenopodium murale germination was inhibited by 79.74% and 92.64 for shoot and root extract, respectively, compared to control. However, the shoot growth was reduced by 76.06 % and 87.96 %, with the same sequence. The root growth was more sensitive to the allelopathic effect compared to the shoot, where it was inhibited by 82.68% and 98.67%, respectively, compared to control at the highest concentration. The obtained results on this invisive weed R. sceleratus could be a source of eco-friendly bioherbicides against C. murale and as a source of antioxidants.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH: STUDI META-ANALISIS
Authors: Nugraheni Eviniar , Adi Priyo Hari
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the determinants of local government’s financial performance. This research employsa meta-analysis technique with a sample consisting of 33 articles from academic journals, graduate and undergraduate students’ theses reporting on local government’s financial performances in Indonesia published from 2006 to 2016. The results of the study demonstrate that there are five factors affecting local government’s financial performance, that isthe level of the region’s wealth, the size of the local government, leverage, local tax revenue and audit findings. On the other hand, the dependence level,capital expenditure, and legislative size are not shown to be factors local government’s financial performance.
Religious Extremism as Social Phenomenon
Authors: Demolli Haki
Published: April 2020

There are numerous examples where political and religious contradictions have caused deep social crisis and disintegration of the state. It is true that the world is marked by new waves of violent extremism, radicalism and terrorism in the background of which are hidden religious, ethnic and ideological reasons. In reality, the reasons and activities of these groups are opposite to democratic and liberal values of tolerance and multiculturalism. Radicalisation leading to terrorism is a dynamic process in which a person is brought into a situation to accept terrorist violence as possible and justified actions of individuals and groups. The main goal of such violent actions is the achievement of political or religious objectives of such groups or individuals. The aim of this paper is to summarise the reasons that lead the individual to take the road of radicalisation, terrorism and extremism. Another aim of the paper is description and treatment of the ways of reacting of international community and individual states in prevention and fighting of extremism and terrorist activities.

Ir daudz piemēru, kur politiskās un reliģiskās pretrunas izraisījušas dziļu sociālo krīzi un valsts sabrukumu. Ir tiesa, ka pasauli iezīmē jauni vardarbīga ekstrēmisma, radikālisma un terorisma viļņi, kuru fonā ir slēpti reliģiski, etniski un ideoloģiski iemesli. Vardarbīgas rīcības galvenais mērķis ir atsevišķu grupu vai indivīdu politisko vai reliģisko mērķu sasniegšana. Realitātē vardarbīgo grupu iemesli un darbība ir pretēja demokrātiskām un liberālām tolerances un multikulturālisma vērtībām. Radikalizācija, kas noved pie terorisma, ir dinamisks process, kurā rodas situācija, kad teroristu vardarbība tiek pieņemta kā iespējama un pamatota indivīdu un grupu rīcība. Viens no šā raksta mērķiem ir apkopot iemeslus, kuru dēļ indivīds dodas radikalizācijas, terorisma un ekstrēmisma virzienā, otrs raksta mērķis – aprakstīt un noskaidrot veidus, kā reaģēt uz starptautiskās sabiedrības un atsevišķu valstu centieniem novērst un apkarot ekstrēmismu un teroristiskas darbības.
Local Anesthetic Injection Resolves Movement Pain, Motor Dysfunction, and Pain Catastrophizing in Individuals With Chronic Achilles Tendinopathy: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Chimenti Ruth L. , Hall Mederic M. , Dilger Connor P. , Merriwether Ericka N. , Wilken Jason M. , Sluka Kathleen A.
Published: April 2020

Objectives

Peripherally directed treatments (targeted exercise, surgery) can reduce, but not fully eliminate, pain for up to 40% of patients with Achilles tendinopathy. The objectives of the present study were (1) to identify indicators of altered central processing in participants with Achilles tendinopathy compared to controls, and (2) to determine which indicators of altered central processing would persist after a local anesthetic injection in patients with Achilles tendinopathy.

Design

Mechanistic clinical trial.

Methods

Forty-six adults (23 with chronic Achilles tendinopathy, 23 matched controls) repeated (1) a movement-evoked pain rating, (2) motor performance assessment, (3) pain psychology questionnaires, and (4) quantitative sensory testing. Participants with Achilles tendinopathy received a local anesthetic injection before repeat testing and controls did not. Mixed-effects analyses of variance examined the effects of group, time, and group by time.

Results

The Achilles tendinopathy group had movement-evoked pain, motor dysfunction, and higher pain psychological factors (pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia) compared to controls (P<.05). The Achilles tendinopathy group did not have indicators of nociplastic pain with quantitative sensory testing (P>.05). In those with Achilles tendinopathy, local anesthetic injection eliminated pain and normalized the observed deficits in heel-raise performance and pain catastrophizing (group-by-time effect, P<.01), but not in kinesiophobia (P = .45). Injection did not affect measures of nociplastic pain (P>.05).

Conclusion

People with Achilles tendinopathy had elevated pain psychological factors and motor dysfunction but no signs of nociplastic pain with quantitative sensory testing. Removal of nociceptive input normalized movement-evoked pain and some indicators of altered central processing (motor dysfunction, pain catastrophizing), but not kinesiophobia. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(6):334–343. Epub 29 Apr 2020. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.9242
Perigo do movimento antivacina: análise epidemio-literária do movimento antivacinação no Brasil
Authors: Beltrão Renata Paula Lima , Mouta Alba Angélica Nunes , Silva Nickolas Souza , Oliveira Jocerone Emerson Nogueira , Beltrão Ilvanete Tavares , Beltrão Camila Maila Fontinele , Fontenele Sâmara Moreira , Da Silva Augusto César Beltrão
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Analisar a literatura sobre o movimento antivacinação e fazer as possíveis relações com os dados epidemiológicos da cobertura vacinal brasileira. Revisão bibliográfica: Movimentos contrários as imunizações sempre existiram desde a origem das vacinas, no entanto, na última década esses movimentos vem ganhando força e um maior espaço nas mídias digitais. Isso se deve a crescente influência que a internet e as redes sociais exercem sobre a vida dos usuários, visto que muitas campanhas de antivacinação utilizaram esse meio para perpetuar notícias contrárias as vacinas. Foi observada uma grande redução na cobertura vacinal brasileira nos últimos cinco anos, os dados mostram que todas as vacinas ofertadas tiveram redução de aplicação no período observado. Considerações finais: O ressurgimento de doenças que antes eram controladas vem preocupando profissionais de saúde de todo o mundo. Sendo necessário a criação de estratégias que diminuam a influência desse movimento e reforce a importância da imunização.
Thematic Learning Activities with The Roleplay Method for Students in Elementary School
Authors: Dahlia Meri
Published: April 2020

The problems faced in learning, students are less enthusiastic about participating in learning and are very bored and do not have a passion for learning. It is because teachers teach using conventional methods that are boring for students. The problem in this study was, "Is there an increase in thematic learning activities using the role-playing method in state elementary school students 14 Batu Nanta Melawi District? The basis of the country 14 Batu Nanta Melawi Regency. The population of this study was 20 grade 5 elementary school students in Melawi Regency, consisting of 12 men and eight women. The method used was descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data collection was used by observation. The research tools used were lesson plans, implementation, and evaluation, student learning activity sheets. The results of data analysis showed that student learning activities showed improvement. Mental activity in the first cycle was 88.89%, and in the second cycle 94.44%, mental activity in the first cycle was 48.88%, and in the second cycle, 68.88%, emotional activity in the first cycle was 48.88% and the second cycle was 75.54%. Thus it could be concluded that the role-playing method could increased the learning activities of students in class V of the State Elementary School 14 Batu Nanta, Melawi Regency.
Exposure to Mycotoxin-Mixtures via Breast Milk: An Ultra-Sensitive LC-MS/MS Biomonitoring Approach
Authors: Braun Dominik , Ezekiel Chibundu N. , Marko Doris , Warth Benedikt
Published: April 2020

Exposure to natural food contaminants during infancy may influence health consequences later in life. Hence, breast milk may serve as a vehicle to transport these contaminants, including mycotoxins, from mothers to their infants. Analytical methods mostly focused on single exposures in the past, thus neglecting co-occurrences and mixture effects. Here, we present a highly sensitive multi-biomarker approach by a sophisticated combination of steps during sample preparation including QuEChERS extraction followed by SPE cleanup and utilizing stable isotopes for compensating challenging matrix effects. The assay was validated in-house, reaching limits of detection (LOD) for all 34 analytes in the range of 0.1 to 300 ng/L with satisfying extraction efficiencies (75 - 109%) and stable intermediate precisions (1 - 18%) for most analytes. Compared a similar multi-mycotoxin assay for breast milk, LOD values were decreased by a factor of 2-60x enabling the assessment of chronic low-dose exposures. The new method was applied to a small set of Nigerian breast milk samples (n=3) to compare results with already published data. Concentration levels of samples that were found to be contaminated before could be confirmed. In addition, other mycotoxins were determined in all three samples, for example the newly investigated alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) was found for the first time in this biological fluid at concentrations up to 25 ng/L. Moreover, in a pooled Austrian sample obtained from a milk bank, trace amounts of multiple mycotoxins including AME (1.9 ng/L), beauvericin (5.4 ng/L), enniatin B (4.7 ng/L), enniatin B1 (
Conformations and Three-Dimensional Structures of Selected SARS-CoV-2 Drug Candidates
Authors: Kirschner Karl , Razzaq Javed , Berrendorf Rudolf , Heiden Wolfgang
Published: April 2020

Quantum mechanical theories are used to search and optimize the conformations of proposed small molecule candidates for treatment of SARS-CoV-2. These candidate compounds are taken from what is reported in the news and in other pre-peer-reviewed literature (e.g. ChemRxiv, bioRxiv). The goal herein is to provide predicted structures and relative conformational stabilities for selected drugs and ligands, in the hopes that other research groups can make use of them for developing a treatment. The following six compounds are investigated: chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, eriodictyol, silmitasertib and valproic acid.

Initial exploration for conformations are performed at the HF/6-31G(d)//HF/6-31G(d) theory level, which are then further optimized at more rigorous theory levels (e.g. B97-D3BJ/cc-pVTZ//B97-D3BJ/cc-pVTZ). The resulting structures are made available via GitHub.
Steering Polymer Growth by Molding Nanochannels: 1,5-Hexadiene Polymerization in High Silica Mordenite
Authors: Fabbiani Marco , Confalonieri Giorgia , morandi sara , Arletti Rossella , Quartieri Simona , Santoro Mario , Di Renzo Francesco , Haines Julien , Fantini Riccardo , tabacchi gloria , Fois Ettore , Vezzalini Giovanna , Martra Gianmario
Published: April 2020

Zeolites are known as scaffolds for the assembly of molecules via non-covalent interactions, yielding organized supramolecular materials. Yet their potential in driving the growth of low-dimensional systems requiring covalent bond formation is still uncharted. We incorporated 1,5-hexadiene in the channels of a high‑silica mordenite and analyzed the material by infrared spectroscopy, X-Ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric and modeling techniques. Thanks to the few zeolite acid sites, 1,5‑hexadiene experiences a slow conversion to a polymer, mainly formed by cyclopentane units and featuring short side chains able to fit the channels. The shape-directing abilities of zeolite framework play a two-fold role, involving first the organization of the monomers inside the void-space and then the linear growth of the chain, dictated by the channel geometry. These findings highlight the molding action of zeolites in directing transformations of covalent bonds under ambient conditions and may provide insights for obtaining confined polymers with intriguing perspective applications.
Role of Ion-Selective Membranes in the Carbon Balance for CO2 Electroreduction via Gas Diffusion Electrode Reactor Designs
Authors: Ma Ming , Kim Sangkuk , Chorkendorff Ib , Seger Brian
Published: April 2020

In this work, the effect of ion-selective membranes on the detailed carbon balance was systematically analyzed for high-rate CO2 reduction in flow electrolyzers. By using different ion-selective membranes, we show nearly identical catalytic selectivity for CO2 reduction, which is primarily due to a similar local reaction environment created at the cathode/electrolyte interface via the introduction of a catholyte layer. In addition, based on a systematic exploration of gases released from electrolytes and the dynamical change of electrolyte speciation, we demonstrate the explicit discrepancy in carbon balance paths for the captured CO2 at the cathode/catholyte interface via reaction with OH- when using different ion-selective membranes: (i) the captured CO2 could transport through an anion exchange membrane in the form of CO32-, subsequently releasing CO2 along with O2 in the anolyte, (ii) with a cation exchange membrane, the captured CO2 would be accumulated in the catholyte in the forms of CO32-, (iii) whereas under the operation of a BPM, the captured CO2 could be released at the catholyte/membrane interface in the form of gaseous CO2. The unique carbon balance path for each type of membrane is linked to ion species transported through membranes.