bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atuação da autoridade policial e do poder judiciário no combate à violência doméstica contra a mulher na cidade de São Luís/MA
Authors: Castro Bruno Denis Vale , Silva Artenira Da Silva e
Published: January 2018

Considerando os números crescentes de casos de violência doméstica contra a mulher e o déficit de estudos voltados para uma avaliação da estrutura das políticas públicas a níveis locais e seus efeitos para coibir a violência de gênero, este artigo tem o objetivo de realizar um levantamento de informações e dados referentes às prestações dos serviços e atuação da Delegacia Especial da Mulher e da Vara Especializada da Mulher e da Violência Doméstica de São Luís/MA responsáveis, respectivamente, pelo atendimento e julgamento dos possíveis crimes de violência doméstica contra a mulher, de modo a discutir as principais dificuldades encontradas por esses órgãos em suas atuações. Evidenciou-se que o atendimento a mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica ou intrafamiliar exige uma qualificação técnica específica, uma vez que demanda uma atuação transdisciplinar daqueles que atuam frente ao fenômeno aludido, seja nas Delegacias Especiais da Mulher seja nas Varas Especializadas. Além disso, concluiu-se que a Vara de Violência Doméstica e Familiar Contra a Mulher da Cidade de São Luís/MA precisa ressignificar a sua atuação diante do inexpressivo número de processos que possuem decisões de mérito e condenações transitadas em julgado desde sua criação em 2008. Apenas focar em concessão de medidas protetivas de urgência, considerando-as ações “satisfativas”, mostra-se como sendo uma restrição demasiada do escopo de proteção que a Lei 11.340/2006 pretende alcançar. Sem instruções processuais de cunho explicitamente transdisciplinar que visibilize o fenômeno da violência de gênero em suas especificidades e complexidade, não há garantia efetiva de proteção de mulheres violentadas, tampouco justiça.
Política pública e direito à educação infantil de boa qualidade: a situação das UMEIs na municipalidade de Belo Horizonte
Authors: Rocha Lucas Salles Moreira , Oliveira Márcio Luís De
Published: January 2018

O tema do artigo centra-se na dificuldade da municipalidade de Belo Horizonte – Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil – em assegurar a universalização do acesso ao ensino infantil de qualidade em suas Unidades Municipais de Educação Infantil (UMEIs), o que tem causado grande volume de ações judiciais em face da municipalidade, inviabilizando a adequada gestão administrativa da questão. Nesse contexto, o estudo sugere a adoção do “subsídio escolar” como política pública complementar, a título transitório ou permanente, para solucionar ou reduzir os efeitos negativos da situação. Na elaboração do artigo, foi utilizada a metodologia analítico-descritiva do problema fático-jurídico, com o apoio de métodos jurídico-dogmáticos e com a apresentação de dados estatísticos, além da consulta à legislação, à jurisprudência e à doutrina. O artigo tem como marco teórico estruturante o acesso universal ao ensino infantil de boa qualidade como direito fundamental e direito humano a ser viabilizado pelo Estado, com a colaboração da iniciativa privada. A partir do marco teórico, aborda-se a questão dos custos para a implementação dos direitos prestacionais primários e da necessidade de adoção de políticas públicas que contribuam, de modo sustentável, para a ampliação do acesso às escolas infantis de qualidade.
Subindo a escada: o uso estratégico de padrão estrangeiro para o aperfeiçoamento da liberdade de expressão na Internet
Authors: Silva Alice Rocha da , Soares Filipe Rocha Martins
Published: January 2018

A conexão entre endereços digitados em um navegador de Internet e o conteúdo dos sites é promovida por um padrão desenvolvido à luz da legislação dos Estados Unidos e sob a influência direta do governo deste país. Tal unilateralidade na conformação de padrões com impactos globais pode ser um problema, à medida que países ricos desenvolvem mecanismos de afirmação de seu poder, com a consequente exclusão das nações em desenvolvimento. No entanto, argumentar-se-á, neste artigo, que, no tocante à liberdade de expressão na Internet, embora haja um notável déficit de legitimidade na elaboração do padrão, o atual modelo assegura oportunidades de desenvolvimento para os países que não participaram deste processo. Defender-se-á, assim, que o uso estratégico de um padrão estrangeiro que privilegie a livre circulação de informações tem o potencial de promover mudanças benéficas às nações em desenvolvimento. O assunto é relevante porque a liberdade de expressão seria ameaçada caso se adotassem referenciais técnicos desenvolvidos sob a influência de atores interessados em tolher a livre manifestação de pensamentos. Logo, almeja-se demonstrar, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, análise de decisões judiciais e breve alusão ao Direito estrangeiro, que, na situação em apreço, a limitação da legitimidade é compensada pelo ganho relativamente ao aprimoramento da liberdade de expressão. Tal premissa conduzirá à reflexão sobre as estruturas de participação internacionais, no sentido de se comprovar que um sistema de decisões majoritário nem sempre refletirá valores democráticos na esfera global.
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus infection in the hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient: an overview of epidemiology, management, and prevention
Authors: Benamu Esther , Deresinski Stanley
Published: January 2018

Vancomycin-resistantenterococcus(VRE) is now one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections in the United States. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients are at increased risk of VRE colonization and infection. VRE has emerged as a major cause of bacteremia in this population, raising important clinical questions regarding the role and impact of VRE colonization and infection in HSCT outcomes as well as the optimal means of prevention and treatment. We review here the published literature and scientific advances addressing these thorny issues and provide a rational framework for their approach.
Should safety of the flu vaccine for cancer patients be reexamined?
Authors: Paessler Slobodan , Veljkovic Veljko
Published: January 2018

Seasonal flu vaccine is recommended as the best protection for cancer patients against influenza infection. Recent in silico and experimental data suggest that antibodies elicited with influenza vaccine could activate bradykinin receptor B2-associated signaling pathway, which is also involved in cell proliferation and migration of tumor cells. These results point to an urgent need for the reexamination of safety of influenza vaccine(s) in cancer patients.
Carl Julius Senff (1804–1832) – ein Kurzes Künstlerleben als Architekt, Zeichner und Grafiker
Authors: Vogel Gerd-Helge
Published: January 2018

Carl Julius Senff was a talented artist with wide-ranging knowledge of art and architecture, who first received art lessons from his father Carl August Senff in Tartu. From 1823 to 1827, Carl Julius Senff studied philosophy at the University of Tartu and illustrated several publications while still a student. For example, in 1825 he published a textbook on perspective called Perspective für Landschaftsmaler zum Selbststudium.Although Carl Julius Senff’s life was cut short, he was still able to travel extensively. In 1829, he travelled to Jena for three years where he acquired a doctoral degree in philosophy. His earliest drawings also date from this period and, based on them, we can also partially reconstruct the route of his travels. From Jena, he travelled to Prague, Vienna and Munich. In 1831, he travelled to Italy where he lived in Rome. The young artist and scholar was destined to become the new professor of architecture at the University of Tartu but, unfortunately, Carl Julius Senff fell ill during his last trip and died in Milan.The article is based to a great degree on unpublished archival documents as well as the personal correspondence of Carl Julius Senff and his father Carl August Senff.
Mit dem Professor in den Garten. Mit dem Garten verbundene Gegenstände und Bücher im Nachlassverzeichnis des 1766 verstorbenen Professors des Gymnasiums zu Reval (Tallinn) Heinrich Benjamin Hessler
Authors: Paju Risto
Published: January 2018

The article examines whether an 18th century man of letters in Tallinn might use (exotic plants) to design his living environment and spend his free time growing them and how he would do this. It is only possible to speculate about the answers. The inventory compiled in 1766 for the assets of Heinrich Benjamin Hessler, rector and technology professor at Tallinn Secondary School, includes many entries related to gardening, which may allude to his interest in gardening. Therefore, he has been chosen as the main character for this article.It turns out that gardening could be the part of the life of an 18th century man of letters with a focus on both the beauty and practical aspects. Considering the fact that travelling and visiting exotic places was not an everyday occurrence, growing exotic plants helped to make one’s living environment more interesting, diverse and also fulfilled educational goals. Based on the inventory, it seems that Professor Hessler was sufficiently wealthy to spend his resources on such a luxury. In addition, gardening was a way of relaxing and provided a respite from intensive intellectual work.
Re-Bound Book Covers from the Island of Piirissaar, Estonia
Authors: Läänelaid Alar , Ważny Tomasz
Published: January 2018

Old Believers’ service books from the Piirissaar house of prayer in Estonia were rescued from a fire and the damaged oak boards of the wooden covers of one of the books were dendrochronologically dated back to AD 1353. The dendrochronological reference shows that the oak wood originates from East Pomerania-Gdansk region. The intriguing fact is that the book was not printed until 1879 in Moscow. The seemingly contradictory dates and locations can be explained by the adventurous history of the Old Believers sects in Russia. The Old Believers were suppressed during the Russian Orthodox Church reforms between 1652 and 1666 and many of them escaped to remote marginal areas of the empire or emigrated, e.g. to Rzeczpospolita. Due to lively communication between the Old Believers’ congregations, their literature moved from country to country. In this case, a newer book of the Old Believers was bound with old wooden covers from Poland.
Entre Dos Mundos/Between Two Worlds: Using the Acculturation Spectrogram in Psychodrama Intervention for Promoting Biculturalism in Immigrant Families
Authors: Bacallao Martica , Smokowski Paul Richard
Published: January 2018

Many immigrants experience acculturation stress, which arises from the difficulties and conflicts immigrants face as they adjust to a new culture. Without the support of prevention and intervention services, acculturation stress can result in an increased risk for aggressive behavior and mental health problems. Entre Dos Mundos/Between Two Worlds is an acculturation-based intervention that uses psychodrama, sociodrama, and sociometric techniques to decrease acculturation stress among Latino immigrant adolescents and their parents. An example of an Entre Dos Mundos group session presented in this article illustrates the application of psychodrama and sociometric techniques and discusses their utility in decreasing acculturation stress and promoting biculturalism.
Actual Situation and Future Perspectives about SMEs’s Human Capital in Russia and other Countries
Authors: Barhatov Viktor , Pletnev Dmitry , Campa Antonio
Published: January 2018

The article analyses human capital concept in Europe and Russia, then it compares level of development of human capital in SMEs in different countries as Russia, Italy and BRICS. The first part of the article explains the importance that human capital covers in overcoming economic crisis; the second part gives and overview about human capital situation in Russia and other countries. The Human Capital Report made by the Economic World Fund is considered very important for the mathematical analysis.
Do M&A deals create or destroy value? A meta-analysis.
Authors: Meckl Reinhard , Röhrle Falk
Published: January 2018

Empirical research on the effect of M&A transactions on companies’ performance has not shown clear results of success. It is often assumed that these transactions destroy rather than create value. This study employs meta-analytical techniques to evaluate the outcomes of M&A transactions empirically. This method allows a large quantity of transactions to be examined. Additional factors influencing the performance of M&A transactions are found using a moderator analysis. In total, 55,399 transactions between 1950 and 2010, extracted from 33 previous M&A studies, have been examined. The results of this study confirm findings from previous empirical studies, stating that M&A transactions predominantly do not have a positive impact on the success of a company. A moderator analysis indicates that the type of M&A and the time frame used for measurement influence the success of M&A transactions.
DETERMINANTS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PAKISTAN: A STRUCTURAL VECTOR AUTO REGRESSION (SVAR) ANALYSIS
Authors: Ajmair Muhammad , Hussain Khadim , Abbassi Faisal Azeem , Bhutta Zahra Masood
Published: January 2018

The study follows Structural Vector Auto Regression (SVAR) approach proposed by the so-called AB-model of Amisano and Giannini (1997) to find out relevant macroeconomic determinants of economic growth in Pakistan. Annual data is taken from World Development Indicators (CD-ROM, 2015) for the period 1976-2014. The widely-used Schwarz information criterion and Akaike information criterion is considered for the lag length in each estimated equation. Main findings of the study are that remittances received, gross national expenditures and inflation are found to be the best relevant positive and significant determinants of economic growth. Based on these empirical findings, we conclude that government should focus on overall economic growth augmenting factors while formulating any policy relevant to the concerned sector.
ANALYSIS OF ELDERLY FINANCIAL STABILITY IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES – CLASSIFICATION APPROACH
Authors: Borda Marta , Kowalczyk-Rólczyńska Patrycja
Published: January 2018

The purpose of the paper is to analyze and compare the financial situation of elderly people in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. The above countries have gone through similar transformation path to market economy in their socio-economic development and they have been faced similar demographic and economic problems. The financial situation of elderly people in CEE region has been strongly influenced by demographic trends, changes in macroeconomic situation and reforms of existing pension systems. Increasing lifetime, low replacement rate from the public pension systems and little pension savings or even a lack of them cause that increasing number of elderly people can be exposed to financial instability or even poverty risk. Consequently, the examination of the financial standing of the elderly in CEE region seems to be an important scientific and practical issue.In the analysis, six variables measuring the level of income and expenses, exposure to poverty risk as well as gender differences in disposable income for age group of 65 years or over were included. The data characterizing the financial situation of elderly people in eleven CEE countries was acquired from Eurostat database. The authors applied Ward’s method and the k-means method in order to classify the examined countries according to the financial standing of elderly people. The obtained results allow to indicate countries with similar financial situation of elderly people in 2007, 2010 and 2014 as well as changes in clusters over the analyzed period. Moreover, the variance analysis was applied to indicate the influence of particular variables on the clustering results. The main findings show that the financial situation of the elderly in CEE countries is very differentiated and changeable, however over the analyzed period financial standing of the elderly seems to be the most similar in Hungary, Poland and Slovenia.
DETERMINANTS OF THE EXTERNAL DEBT IN TOGO: WHAT TEACHING FOR TOGO?
Authors: Karabou Franck Essosinam
Published: January 2018

This work aims to highlight the characteristic elements of Togo's external public debt. The results after estimates, revealing the external debt as the dependent variable, indicate that, in the short term, the quality of the institutions and imports have significant effects on the external debt and the effect of the 1994 devaluation. In the long run, imports, export variation, and the quality of institutions have a significant impact on external debt and the effect of the devaluation in 1994.
Risk of Infection from Application of Two Types of Pharmaceutical Creams
Authors: Eissa Mostafa Essam
Published: January 2018

Introduction: Infection risk from the misuse of multi-dose medicinal products is a seriousproblem which affects final consumer health and may impact on thereputation of pharmaceutical companies adversely.Objectives:The current study aimed to trace the most important contributing factors in the infection transfer through the application of two selected types of medicinal topical creamsfor the treatment of skin disease conditions.Methods: One type of the product that was subjected to the present study is anti-psoriatic while the other is steroidal anti-inflammatory antimicrobial creams that were packed in Aluminum tubes with orifice diameter of 0.173 cm2, approximately. The simulation study – conducted on these topical creams - integrated preservative efficacy test (PET) with dose-response model of infection to demonstrate the probability of infection that could occur due to unintentional transmission of pathogenic bacteria to damaged or injured skin of the patient.Results:The studied model showed that although both products possessed antimicrobial power activity against standard strain microorganisms, yet the critical factor is the hygienic control of hands and fingers during application of the cream on the affected area.Conclusion:The medicinal products itself were little affected by microbial contamination when they were enclosed in their primary packaging materials as was observed by the in-use study. However, the most important part was that portion of the product that was transferred to the patient skin. From the simulation study, it was expected that the situation could be aggravated if the hyiegenic practice was underestimated by hospital staff.
THE DYNAMICS OF ENDEGENOUS HORMONES ACTIVITY IN PLANT LEAVES DEPENDING ON THE ALTITUDE OF THEIR GROWING
Authors: Safaralikhonov Aynullo , Aknazarov Ogonazar
Published: January 2018

The hormonal response of cultivated and wild plants to high intensity of UV-radiation and other stress factors of the highlands was studied. The activity of auxins and growth inhibitors substances in wheat (Triticum aеstivum L), barley (Hordium vulgare L), horse bean (Vicia faba L), and eurotia (Ceratoides papposa) leaves, that grew in a field condition were analyzed at different stages of development, using thin-layer chromatography and bioassay. The leaves of cultivated plants (2320 and 2700 m above the sea level) and wild plants (2320 and 4000 m above the sea level) were collected at two elevations in Pamir highland (Tajikistan). The level of auxin activity at the beginning of ontogenesis in plant leaves that grew at both elevations was relatively higher in comparison with the activity of growth inhibitors. However, at the end of the vegetation period an increase in growth inhibitor activity was observed in plant leaves at both elevations. Increasing of the total auxin activity in plants was observed at low altitude compared to higher. Conversely, the activity of growth inhibitors substances increased in plants that grow at higher elevations.
Political Islam in the Aftermath of “Islamic State”
Authors: S. Sayyid
Published: January 2018

The rapid contraction of the territorial extent of the Islamic state seems to have dented its claims to have restored the caliphate. The question that this raises is what does the end of the Islamic state mean for political Islam in general. To address this question, this article will provide an account of the degree to which political Islam can be distinguished from the fate of the Islamic state group. In the process, it will put forward an analysis in which the emergence of political Islam is explored not only as a geopolitical but also epistemological challenge to the prevailing normal science. This essay is an exercise in critical Muslim studies and argues that no understanding of political Islam can be successful without a critique of Eurocentrism.
AFFECTIVE COMPUTING AND AUGMENTED REALITY FOR CAR DRIVING SIMULATORS
Authors: Datcu Dragoș , Rothkrantz Leon
Published: January 2018

Car simulators are essential for training and for analyzing the behavior, the responses and the performance of the driver. Augmented Reality (AR) is the technology that enables virtual images to be overlaid on views of the real world. Affective Computing (AC) is the technology that helps reading emotions by means of computer systems, by analyzing body gestures, facial expressions, speech and physiological signals. The key aspect of the research relies on investigating novel interfaces that help building situational awareness and emotional awareness, to enable affect-driven remote collaboration in AR for car driving simulators. The problem addressed relates to the question about how to build situational awareness (using AR technology) and emotional awareness (by AC technology), and how to integrate these two distinct technologies [4], into a unique affective framework for training, in a car driving simulator.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ELECTRIC BICYCLE FOR A SHARING SYSTEM IN PRAGUE
Authors: Deleenheer William , Jáneš Lukáš , Jayakumar Akshaya
Published: January 2018

By means of a development of an e-bike sharing system the Electromobility Project wants to provide an alternative way of comfortable transportation for students and staff of the CTU, primarily to commute between different campuses. The research for this project contains at least three different fields of study, namely electric vehicle and docking station development, intelligent transport systems and management and economics of transportation and telecommunication. After briefly stating general requirements for the sharing system, this paper focuses on the development of the electric bicycle. First an ideal bike design is defined. Then necessary motor power and battery capacity are calculated by estimating characteristics of cycling in Prague. A prototype was developed by converting a normal bicycle to an electric bicycle. Being equipped with devices for e-bike monitoring, controlling and data recording for a post trip analysis, this prototype is also intended to have an educational value for future students in the project. Results consist of an electrical bicycle configuration that matches the requirements and a sketch of an ideal e-bike for this project.
MICROSLEEPS AND THEIR DETECTION FROM THE BIOLOGICAL SIGNALS
Authors: Holub Martin , Šrutová Martina , Lhotská Lenka
Published: January 2018

Microsleeps (MS) are a frequently discussed topic due to their fatal consequences. Their detection is necessary for the purpose of sleep laboratories, where they provide an option for the quantifying rate of sleep deprivation level and objective evaluation of subjective sleepiness. Many studies are dealing with this topic for automotive usage to design a fatigue countermeasure device. We made a research of recent attitude to the development of the automated MS detection methods. We created an overview of several MS detection approaches based on the measurement of biological signals. We also summarized the changes in EEG, EOG and ECG signals, which have been published over the last few years. The reproducible changes in the entire EEG spectrum, primarily with the increased activity of delta and theta, were noticed during a transition to fatigue. There were observed changes of blinking rate and reduction of eye movements during the fatigue tasks. MS correspond with variations in the autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular function, which can be quantified by HRV parameters. The decrease in HR, VLF, and LF/HF before falling asleep was revealed. EEG signal, especially its slow wave activity, considered to be the most predictive and reliable for the level of alertness. In spite of the detection from EEG signal is the most common method, EOG based approaches can also be very efficient and more driver-friendly. Besides, the signal processing in the time domain can improve the detection accuracy of the short events like MS.
NANOTECHNOLOGY IN THE CULTURAL HERITAGE - INFLUENCE OF NANOSPENSIONS ADOPTED BY NANOPARTICLES OF TiO2 FOR CLEANING THE SURFACE OF HISTORICAL PLASTERS
Authors: Kroftová Klára , Šmidtová Markéta , Kuřitka Ivo , Škoda David
Published: January 2018

The continuous development of nanostructure and the study of physico - chemical processesin the nanometer range lead to new methods that can slow down the degradation processes of awork of art, or even restore damage caused, for example, by an inappropriate restoration process.The use of nanosuspensions based on calcium hydroxide is probably the most widespreadapplication of nanomaterials in heritage care, especially in the field of hardening of lime buildingmaterials (plaster, limestone, etc.). In combination with titanium dioxide, it should be a successfulsuspension in the fight against biological agents, surface contamination or in the protection of UVresistantbuilding materials.
PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BUILDING MATERIALS OF HISTORIC BUILDINGS
Authors: Witzany Jiří , Zigler Radek , Čejka Tomáš , Pospíšil Pavel , Holický Milan , Kubát Jan , Maroušková Aneta , Kroftová Klára
Published: January 2018

The article presents partial results of laboratory research into physical and mechanical characteristics of materials most commonly used as walling units in masonry structures of historic and heritage buildings. Core boreholes and specimens for the laboratory research of selected characteristics were sampled from accessible places of historic buildings, which had not been restored or reconstructed.The results of the research brought new knowledge about the unreliability (variance) of the properties of historical, mainly natural building materials, and, at the same time, pointed out the need for further research and extension of knowledge necessary for the assessment of residual physical and mechanical characteristics of historic masonry structures.
INPUT DATA OF BURNING WOOD FOR CFD MODELLING USING SMALL-SCALE EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Hejtmánek Petr , Ševčík Libor , Cábová Kamila
Published: January 2018

The paper presents an option how to acquire simplified input data for modelling of burning wood in CFD programmes. The option lies in combination of data from small- and molecular-scale experiments in order to describe the material as a one-reaction material property. Such virtual material would spread fire, develop the fire according to surrounding environment and it could be extinguished without using complex reaction molecular description. Series of experiments including elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and difference thermal analysis, and combustion analysis were performed. Then the FDS model of burning pine wood in a cone calorimeter was built. In the model where those values were used. The model was validated to HRR (Heat Release Rate) from the real cone calorimeter experiment. The results show that for the purpose of CFD modelling the effective heat of combustion, which is one of the basic material property for fire modelling affecting the total intensity of burning, should be used. Using the net heat of combustion in the model leads to higher values of HRR in comparison to the real experiment data. Considering all the results shown in this paper, it was shown that it is possible to simulate burning of wood using the extrapolated data obtained in small-size experiments.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF ULTRASONIC DETECTION FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURE BASED ON EQUIVALENT OFFSET MIGRATION
Authors: Hu Mingshun , Li Juanjuan , Pan Dongming , Chen Shenen
Published: January 2018

Ultrasonic wave testing is a classic Non-destructive testing (NDT) method to detect, locate and monitor the crack/fracture in construction materials. However, it is still hard to examine those small abnormal bodies since effective reflected signal from abnormity is usually rather weak. In this paper, a new ultrasound imaging technique, equivalent offset migration (EOM), is studied to demonstrate the feasibility and applicability for detecting concrete cracks. Thus, a complex numerical model along with six small scale flaws was built, and then the ultrasonic wave propagation in concrete was modeled by high order finite difference approximation method. Numerical simulation indicates that 1) there exists a strong scattering phenomenon while ultrasound propagates in concrete with multiple small scatter flaws, and 2) EOM is capable of imaging small flaws in concrete with high resolution and accuracy.
Body measurements and testosteron level of male Timor deer (Rusa timorensis) at various hierarchies
Authors: Samsudewa D. , Capitan S. S. , Sevilla C. C, , Vega R. S. A. , Ocampo P. P.
Published: January 2018

The aim of this research was to observe body (neck, chest and scrotum) circumferences and testosterone level of α-male, β-male and subordinate male Timor deer reared under captivity after establisment of the dominance hierarchy. Twelve males (51 ± 6 months old; 68.29 ± 8.41 kg body weight and in same antler stages) were used in this research. The bucks was grouped into three stall each containing four bucks. ELISA kit and tape measurements were used for plasma Testosterone assay and body measurement, respectively. Data was collected before and 43 days after establishment of the dominance hierarchy. Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Kruskal-Wallis H test of non-parametric analysis was used. Significant difference was tested with Mann-Whitney U test. The results showed no significantly different for body circumferences (neck, chest, scrotum) and testosterone level of male Timor deer before establishment of dominance hierarchy. Chest and scrotum circumferences of male Timor deer after establihment of dominance hierarchy showed no significantly different. Significantly difference shown on parameter neck circumference (P<0.05; χ2 = 8.74) and testosteron level (P<0.05; χ2 = 7.87) after establishment of dominance hierarchy. In conclusion, dominance hierarchy affected the testosterone level and body measurement.
The expression of heat shock protein 70 gene with organic selenium supplementation and its effetc on productivity of broilers in tropical environment
Authors: Amizar R. , Suharti S. , Jakaria J. , Mutia R.
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this experiment is to study the effect of organic selenium (Se) supplementation on the expression of heat shock protein 70 gene (HSP70), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and productivity of broilers in tropical environment. Three kinds of environmental pens were designed in this experiment: comfortable environment pens with temperature of air conditioner adjusted at 22oC (R0), tropical environment pens (±30oC ) without organic Se (R1), and tropical environment pens supplemented with 0.30 ppm organic Se (R2). One hundred and twenty broiler chickens (unisex) were used in this study. There were 40 chicks per pen for each treatment. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications for each treatment. The data were statistically analyzed using the general linear model of SAS program. Results showed that R0 and R2 groups had significantly increased (P<0.05) feed intake, body weight, body weight gain, and decreased feed conversion ratio compared to R1 groups. Meanwhile, the expression of HSP70, GSH-Px enzyme activity and MDA of R2 groups and R0 groups were significantly lower (P<0.05) than that of R1 groups. It was concluded that the broilers given 0.30 ppm organic Se in tropical environment had similar productivity and expression of HSP 70 with broilers kept in comfortable environment.
Evaluation of the attention capture and holding power of interpretive signs among visitors to a self-guided trail in the High Tatras National Park (Slovakia)
Authors: Švajda Juraj , Činčera Jan
Published: January 2018

Nature trails have become very popular and have become the most widespread method of interpreting natural and cultural heritage. This paper presents the result of evaluation research of a nature trail in the High Tatras National Park (Slovakia). The holding power and attention capture of the individual panels were assessed by observation including further analysis of other factors related to the interpretive quality or location of the panels. Evaluation shows that the trail is overloaded with text and does not adequately link the communicated content with the surroundings. The individual trail panels have a relatively low degree of holding power and attention capture. The evaluation reveals the importance of good quality and thoughtful interpretation of natural heritage. Overall, the study also shows the difficulties associated with the use of statistical methods to analyze the effectiveness of selected trail features.
Geoderma – živý plášť Země
Authors: Dlouhá Jana
Published: January 2018

Soil supports life on Earth and people could not exist on this planet without it. What do we know about soil today? And how do we deal with this knowledge? How do people care for our planet’s skin, for geoderma? Soil biologist and the host of the documentary Ladislav Miko answers these questions.Documentary film is freely available and applicable for educational purposes.Director: Ladislav Miko, Ivan StříteskýScript: Ladislav MikoPhotographer: Ota Blahoušek, Petr Juračka, Ladislav Miko, Bohuslav Pacholík, Ivan StříteskýYear: 2017
The effects of apomorphine on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
Authors: Sehitoglu Muserref Hilal , Yayla Muhammet , Kiraz Asli , Oztopuz Rahime Ozlem , Bayir Yasin , Karaca Turan , Khalid Sumbul , Akpinar Erol
Published: January 2018

It is becoming progressively more understandable that overdose of paracetamol in both humans and animals causes severe hepatotoxicity. Apomorphine is known as a neuroprotective agent. Due to the protective effect,  apomorphine had been tested in experimental studies on different models. Findings obtained through series of expriments suggested that apomorphine may also be useful in liver toxicity. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship among the hepatoprotective mechanism of apomorphine and to determine the possible role of apomorphine on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. 30 Sprague Dawley rats (adult male) were distributed into 5 groups. Group 1 was the control group and did not receive any medication. Group 2 received only paracetamol 2 g/kg by intragastric gavage to induce hepatotoxicity. Groups 3 and 4 were given apomorphine 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection, respectively. Groups 3 and 4 were given 2g/kg  of Paracetamol. In Group 5, rats were treated with 2 mg/kg of apomorphine. Drug-treated rats were given food for the next 24 h until they were sacrified. Moreover, we also performed AST, ALT measurements in serum, MDA and SOD levels in liver tissues and histopathological analysis of the liver in all groups. Apomorphine had positive effects on both liver enzymes, oxidative stress markers and histopathological results in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. Additionally, apomorphine at 2 mg/kg dose was significantly more protective as compared to 1 mg/kg as evidenced by the histopathological examination results. It was thought that apomorphine was found hepatoprotective on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity, especially at higher doses such as 2 mg/kg.
Molecular and phenotypic characterization of the vancomycin-resistant gene in bacterial isolates acquired from catheter tips
Authors: Siddiqui Samra , Saeed Mohd , Faisal Syed Mohd , Akhtar Asma , Sarim Khan Mohd , Khan Mahvish , Ahmad Israr , Ahmad Irfan
Published: January 2018

Gram-positive bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus is a significant pathogen, not only in the hospital setting but the community also. S. aureus is a major cause of serious hospital and community-acquired infections, particularly in the colonized individuals. The emergence of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) strains has led to global concerns about treatments for staphylococcal infections. Until now, few strains of VRSA have been reported worldwide. The conventional disk diffusion method for determination of vancomycin sensitivity often misclassifies intermediately susceptible isolates to fully sensitive. However, non-automated minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) detection methods are the gold standards. Hence there is a dire need of some advanced methods for rapid detection of VRSA strains. In the present study, Gram-positive clinical isolates were collected from different wards of K.G.M.U.  Hospital, among them, 12 bacterial isolates were identified as Staphylococcus aureus and 18 isolates as Klebsiella spp. Genomic DNA of S. aureus was isolated and used as template in PCR for detection of the presence of van A and van X gene based on a given protocol. Nosocomial infections have an impact on morbidity and probably on mortality as well, and pose a significant economic burden. Rapid molecular identification of antibiotic-resistant strains undoubtedly helps to prevent the hospital-induced infections.
Regulation of signal transduction cascades by Pterostilbenes in different cancers: Is it a death knell for oncogenic pathways
Authors: Butt Ghazala , Attar Rukset , Tabassum Sobia , Aras Aliye , Qadir Muhammad Imran , Ozbey Ulku , Alaaeddine Nada , Ozcelik Beraat , Farooqi Ammad Ahmad
Published: January 2018

Interdisciplinary research has revolutionized the field of medicine and we have witnessed exponential increase in the high-impact research in past few decades. However, the road to this burgeoning research field is obstacle-ridden because of intratumor heterogeneity, loss of apoptosis and dysregulation of spatio-temporally controlled signaling pathways. Ground-breaking findings obtained through genetic, genomic and proteomic studies have considerably improved our concepts related to the complexity of protein network and excitingly, discovery of miRNAs has added another layer of intricacy to quantitatively regulated gene networks. In this review, we chronicle the milestone achievements and discuss how Pterostilbenes effectively regulated different cellular pathways. We have provided detailed mechanistic insights related to regulation of JAK-STAT signaling, Notch pathway, Wnt mediated intracellular signaling by pterostilbene. Underlying mechanisms about regulation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways by pterostilbene in different cancers.  Regulation of Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) proteins and Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in cancer cells by pterostilbene. Pterostilbene has also been reported to modulate the expression of various oncogenic and tumor suppressor microRNAs in cancer cells. Better and sharper comprehension of the concepts associated with the modes of action of pterostilbene in different cancers will be useful in identification of cancers which can be efficiently targeted by pterostilbene.
Astemizole inhibits cell proliferation in human prostate tumorigenic cells expressing ether í -go-go-1 potassium channels
Authors: Bernal-Ramos Gloria , Hernández-Gallegos Elisabeth , Vera Eunice , Chávez-López Marí­a de Guadalupe , Zúñiga-Garcí­a Violeta , Sánchez-Pérez Yesennia , Garrido Efraí­n , Camacho Javier
Published: January 2018

Prostate cancer (PC) is the main cause of cancer mortality in men worldwide. Therefore, novel treatments for PC are needed. Ether í -go-go-1 (Eag1) potassium channels display oncogenic properties, and have been suggested as early tumor markers and therapeutic targets for different cancers. These channels are overexpressed in many human tumors including PC. Astemizole targets several molecules involved in cancer including Eag1 channels, histamine receptors and ABC transporters. Here we studied Eag1 mRNA expression and protein levels in the non-tumorigenic and non-invasive human prostate RWPE-1 cell line, and in the tumorigenic and highly invasive human prostate WPE1-NB26 cell lines. The effect of astemizole on cell proliferation and apoptosis was also studied. The human prostate cell lines RWPE-1 and WPE1-NB26 were cultured following the provider´s instructions. Eag1 mRNA expression and protein levels were studied by real time RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry, respectively. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were studied by a fluorescence AlamarBlue®  assay and flow cytometry, respectively. No difference in Eag1 mRNA expression was observed between the cell lines. However, high Eag1 protein levels were observed in the invasive WPE1-NB26 cells, in contrast to the weak protein expression in RWPE-1 cells. Accordingly, astemizole decreased cell proliferation at nanomolar concentrations only in the invasive WPE1-NB26 cells.  Our results suggest that astemizole may have clinical relevance for prostate cancer treatment in patients with high Eag1 protein levels.
In vitro effects of novel type M-V-O derivatives on Xanthine Oxidase
Authors: Kaya Mustafa Oğuzhan , Gül Gülşah í‡eliÌ‡k , Kurtuluş Figen
Published: January 2018

Xanthine Oxidase (XO) is related with different diseases such as vascular, gout, nephropathy and renal stone diseases that are relevant to high uric acid levels and oxidative stress. Some common natural inhibitors of xanthine oxidase are known as rosmarinic acid and apigenin. With this study, we aimed to determine inhibitory effects of originally synthesized new generation transition metal vanadates on Xanthine Oxidase (XO) from bovine milk. Because, Xanthine oxidase inhibitors are typically used in the treatment of gout and nephropathy and renal stone diseases linked to hyperuricaemia. We found considerable IC50 constants for inhibition of XO. Among the synthesized compounds, Cu"’V"’O was found to be the most active (IC50 = 7.119 mM) for inhibition of XO.
Invisible guests: A sound installation in a Montréal community restaurant
Authors: Binette Melanie
Published: January 2018

Invité.e.s invisibles (Invisible Guests) is a sound installation created in collaboration with a community restaurant that provides affordable meals to a disadvantaged population in Hochelaga-Maisonneuve, a former industrial neighbourhood in Montréal. Recorded conversations were made available for patrons who were eating alone, with the hope of breaking the social isolation experienced by some. By listening to the conversations on headphones as they were eating, patrons could virtually encounter other members of the community and engage with their concerns through hearing their stories. This is a first step toward group socialization for those who find it hard to communicate in person, and yet are eager to "share" their meals. Invité.e.s invisibles est une installation sonore créée en collaboration avec un restaurant communautaire qui offre des repas abordables à une population défavorisée dans Hochelaga-Maisonneuve, un ancien quartier industriel de Montréal. Des conversations enregistrées étaient mises à la disposition de personnes venant y manger seules, dans l'espoir de rompre avec l'isolation que certain.e.s peuvent ressentir. Les conversations étaient diffusées sur des écouteurs que les gens pouvaient porter tout en prenant leur repas, ce qui leur permettait de rencontrer virtuellement d'autres membres de la communauté. En écoutant leurs récits, elles et ils pouvaient s'y reconnaître et se sentir investi.e.s des mêmes préoccupations. Cette installation pouvait servir de première étape vers la socialisation pour celles et ceux qui ont de la difficulté à communiquer en personne, mais qui désirent néanmoins «partager» leurs repas.  Photo Credit:Invisible Guests. A participant listens to the sound installation at Le Chic Resto Pop. Photo par Patrick Ma. 2015. / Invité.e.s invisibles. Un participant à l'écoute de l'installation sonore au Chic Resto Pop. Photo par Patrick Ma. 2015.
Prevention of Dumping Practice in Asean Free Trade China Free Trade Area (Acfta) Regarding Government Regulation Number 34 Year 2011
Authors: Anggraeni Dewi
Published: January 2018

The practice of dumping is the practice of selling imported goods below the normal price of domestic products. This governmental regulation is logical consequence in implementing the dumping regulation on the framework of GATT.  Govermental regulation No. 34 Year 2011 on Antidumping and Safeguard Measures Trade does not regulate the substance in detail. The Government Regulation more regulates about procedures. Whereas in Anti Dumping Agreement (ADA) is arranged detail. Currently, foreign products are easy to find in various shopping centers, especially imported goods from China, China's export activities to Indonesia unstoppable since the existing of ACFTA agreement. In the free trade dumping practice and allegation of dumping practice are problems that received big attention by various countries relating effort to realize fair trade practice Praktik dumping merupakan praktik penjualan barang impor di bawah harga normal produk domestik. PP ini wujud konsekuensi logis pemerintah Indonesia dalam melaksanakan ketentuan dumping dalam rangka GATT. PP No. 34 Tahun 2011 Tentang Tindakan Antidumping, Tindakan Imbalan dan Tindakan Pengamanan Perdagangan tidak mengatur substansinya secara detail. Peraturan Pemerintah tersebut lebih mengatur tentang prosedur. Padahal dalam Anti Dumping Agreement (ADA) diatur sedemikian detail. Saat ini produk-produk asing mudah sekali kita temukan diberbagai pusat pembelanjaan, terutama barang-barang impor dari Negara China, kegiatan ekspor China ke Indonesia semakin tidak terbendung tatkala sejak berlakunya perjanjian ACFTA.. Dalam perdagangan bebas praktik dumping dan tuduhan praktik dumping merupakan persoalan yang mendapat perhatian sangat besar oleh berbagai negara karena berkaitan dengan usaha untuk mewujudkan praktik dagang yang adil. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i1.6583
Study On Risk Taking Behavior To HIV/AIDS Among Injecting Drug User's In Easter Region Of Nepal
Authors: B Bhatta , SD Shah , N Koirala
Published: January 2018

Drug abuse is the Universal Problem and Nepal is not the exception. Different study and report have reported high prevalence of HIV/AIDS among the IDUs in Nepal. According to the estimated data, there are eighty thousands drug addicts in Nepal and 50 % of them inject drugs through syringe. In Morang district, there are 1316 reported IDUs and 5000 to 7000 estimated IDUs. To assess the risk talking behavior among IDUs with respect to needle syringe exchange and unprotected sex.Cross sectional study design was applied to study the risk talking behavior among IDUs users in eastern region of Nepal. A non-probability, snowballing sampling technique was adopted. SPSS and Epi-Info was used to analyze the data of the study. Majority of injecting drug users in eastern region were from the age group 21-30 years (62.7 %), unmarried (64.9 %) and living in nuclear family (80 %). Despite of the fact that most of the IDUs were unmarried most of them were sexually active (72.7 %). The study revealed that condom use during sexual intercoursewashigh(87.5%)theconsistentandregularusewaslow(57.5%). SharingofsyringeandreuseofneedlewashighamongtheIDUsi.e.40 % of the respondent. In general the study had revealed that the harm reduction approaches among IDUs were low.The findings suggest that the majority of injecting drug users in eastern region were from the age group 21-30 years, unmarried and living in nuclear family. The study had further highlight that unsafe sex, sharing of syringe and needle and improper cleaning of needle and syringes before sharing is indication of unsafe behavior practices by IDUs. Finally, the study highlighted statistically significant relationship between HIV/AIDS knowledge and uses of condom during sexual intercourse and high rate of syringe sharing among married respondents.