bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PgCert Student-faculty Perspectives on Online Collaborative Projects: A case from Middle East College
Authors: Mohand Cherif Samir
Published: January 2021

Teacher online collaboration has recently attracted more and more attention and interest in many parts of the world. Unfortunately, very little research, if at all, has been conducted so far in the Sultanate of Oman. The present paper sought to fill this severe gap in research by asking and finding answers to this central question: What beliefs and opinions do faculties hold towards online collaborative projects (OCPs)? It used a quantitative method approach through a questionnaire administered to a group of PgCert student-faculty group (n=50) from Middle East College to get to know about their perspectives concerning the questions set above. The results obtained revealed (a) a high positive feedback on the part of the study participants as to their involvements in online collaborative projects, (b) very different reports on issues faced when working on online collaborative projects, and (c) varying degrees of impacts of OCPs on their teaching practices. The results of the study will have tremendous significance to teachers in all fields of specialization who are/will be engaged in OCPs. The potential implications of these and other results on teacher practices and involvement in such OCPs are discussed
Principled Eclecticism in the Classroom: Exploring the use of Alternative Methodologies in ELT
Authors: Brett Thomas
Published: January 2021

For a century, English language teaching has, for the main part, discarded behaviorist-inspired methodologies such as the Audio-lingual method for constructivist approaches characterized by the Communicative Approach. Exploring the tension between behaviorist/constructivist dichotomies and searching for common ground between the two schools of thought can give rise to alternative approaches. A ‘Principled Eclectic Approach’ to language teaching is one way whereby a pluralism of methodologies is favored in the pursuit of more effective Second Language Acquisition. Using Brown’s Post-Method Principles (2002) and Mellow’s Two Dimensional Model and Centring Principle (2002) as a guide and point of reference, teachers can gauge their approach and effectiveness in a more dynamic learning environment. A two-part research study aimed to introduce a more Principled Eclectic Approach to academic English language instruction in higher education. Firstly, translation aimed to let students bring their mother tongue into the classroom. The rationale for this exercise being that the more meaningful the encounter with the target language, the better the acquisition. The second experiment looked to use music as a way to create a more relaxed learning environment during reading comprehension activities. The premise being that we acquire language better when we are relaxed. Feedback from the study revealed that the content was balanced, coherent, met the needs of the learner and the needs of the wider syllabus. Students were positive when taking part in the lessons as they believed that the methodologies tested helped them with their English acquisition. Subsequently, they wanted further exposure to these methodologies.
Language Policy and the Use of English as the Medium of Instruction in Pakistan
Authors: Mesti Saadia
Published: January 2021

Pakistan is linguistically a diverse country. The language policies of successive governments resemble a kind of educational apartheid, where local languages have continuously been neglected. The paper reviews the various language policies in Pakistan, and then, critically examines the existing language policy, and its implications on medium of instruction. The analysis suggests that linguistic cohesion with multi-linguistic policies are needed to adopt a multi-lingual approach in language planning policy in Pakistan. A more pluralist approach to language planning and policy (the mother tongue and regional language for local/regional communication, Urdu for national use, and English for national and international communication) may present a range of implementation challenges. The study is significant because it will shade light on the linguistic situation in Pakistan, and on the government language policy. It will also try to figure out how Pakistan can develop an ecologically valid model for bi/multiliteracy for such complex linguistic context.
A Structural Approach to E-learning During COVID–19 Pandemic
Authors: Fatima Zeb
Published: January 2021

This research work explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on classrooms teaching in school and colleges and on finding e-learning solution to ensure the continuity of the teaching process. The physical presence of the student in the classroom has been hampered by the COVID-19 pandemic. The only way in which the classes can continue is through online teaching programmes. This research tries to examine how effective is online teaching in a higher educational institution in Oman and worldwide. Here we will see the three dimensions of online education, namely (a) preparation, (b) execution, and (c) verification. Verification leads to negative and positive results. These results reflect real-life experiences and ideas shared by the stakeholders, the instructors, and the students who participate in online classes. We will also explain and examine various challenges and solutions involved in making this system more effective. This study gives us an insight into the mechanism, dimensions, and strategies of E-learning.
Investigating Omani College Teachers’ Perspective on Critical Media Literacy
Authors: Al Aufi Asma
Published: January 2021

Despite the numerous benefits presented within Critical Media Literacy (CML) in understanding societies, cultures, and even our values globally, the lack of teacher preparation, including English language teachers, in teaching (CML) skills remains noteworthy. Such education could arm teachers with sufficient media literacy competence to pass on to students’ capabilities in democratic self-expression and social progress. The research gap that exists, therefore, leads to this qualitative research study where the aim is to explore how a group of five College EFL teachers in a Middle Eastern institution in Oman relate to critical media awareness. This is by deconstructing a US film entitled ‘Freedom Writers’ (2007) to discuss issues related to social injustice, prejudice, and violence in society. The method used to collect data was semi-structured interviews. The interview questions, guided by a semiotic Inquiry Graphics (IG) approach, aimed to capture those EFL teachers’ interpretations, values, and beliefs relevant to CML and their subsequent intentions to teach CML in their future English classrooms. The findings suggest that although the teachers demonstrated positive attitudes and increased awareness of CML, they lacked confidence in applying it and needed to expand their perceptions of CML further. Generally, they viewed CML as being helpful for students in its ability to develop their criticality and citizenship. However, the teachers stressed the harsh realities of a packed curriculum and restrictive program requirements that may obstruct any comprehensive implementation of CML education at a university level, an issue that merits further consideration.
Education Resilience in the Time of COVID-19
Authors: Al Saidi Faisal , Al Hinai Issa , Al Mushaifri Basim
Published: January 2021

Due to the world pandemic, COVID-19, higher education institutions (HEIs) have found themselves in an unprecedented situation. Like no other time before, this pandemic has posed a serious test of resilience of HEIs – hence, the current study sets off to seize this opportunity to study the resilience of Omani HEIs. HEIs in Oman have devised contingency plans in light of the directives and declarations received from the government Supreme Committee responsible for handling the impact of COVID-19. The study aimed at examining the directives received by Omani HEIs against the framework of the securitization theory in order to identify the substances of the basis on which HEIs built their teaching and learning plans. The study was also planned to closely investigate the individual experiences of various stakeholders directly involved in the implementation of the contingency of the teaching and learning plans. Data were collected using document analysis and analysis of reflective texts. Discourse content analysis was applied in order to understand the lived experiences of stakeholders and to identify what shaped their experiences. The discourse of the collected data was analysed using the approach of thematic analysis which helped to identify recurrent patterns concerning the teaching and learning plans of some Omani HEIs during COVID-19. A number of challenges along with the challenges of other HEIs worldwide were identified, such as uncertainty and lack of resources and experience in online teaching and learning. The discussion of the findings in this study revealed dichotomies, as well as agreement, in the way stakeholders perceive aspects of the contingency plans of teaching, learning and assessment. On the basis of this finding, the study calls for a more nuanced approach to strengthen the resilience of higher education. Particularly, the study recommends incorporating processes of normalization of teaching and learning as well as of assessment in HEIs delivery modes as a way to consolidate HEIs’ resilience.
Significance of Mother Tongue influence on Saudi Female EFL Learners: a Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Iffat Rahmatullah Shadma
Published: January 2021

The speculation, that the Saudi EFL learners with less exposure to the target language exhibit more mother tongue influence on their second language speaking, is apparent. The phonetic similarity of two languages helps EFL learners to grasp the lexical accent with the accurate articulation of the words from the second language. However, the difference in sound patterns in various languages prompts the learners to mispronounce the words more frequently. This critical study endeavors to evaluate the influential aspects of the mother tongue on the EFL learners’ second language (L2) discourse. This research is carried out through a qualitative method for critical discourse analysis to answer the main question; what significant errors students make that reflect their mother tongue influence? For a comparative study, the participants are the Saudi undergraduates from multidimensional sections of female colleges in King Khalid University and the non-native English-speaking teachers from five different nations, who also manifest the influence of their mother tongue on English language speaking. Their recorded presentations and conversations were analyzed to identify the interference of their mother tongue on their English language performance. The language patterns of both students and the teachers eventually affect their English language efficiency. The significant outcome of this study reveals the possibility of the pros and cons of the mother tongue on L2 learning. The data also revealed that the inability of faculty members to produce the flawless accent of the English language has a significant effect on Saudi learners’ oral performance.
A Correlation Study of Pakistani EFL Teachers’ Professional discerning and their Critical Thinking
Authors: Akram Muhammad , Mahmood Anser
Published: January 2021

A great deal of research is done on teacher training and teacher education worldwide, but a few studies appeared on teacher’s professional discerning and particularly on teachers’ critical thinking skills. Critical thinking, with regard to EFL teachers, has not been taken into consideration early on. This study explores the relationship between EFL teacher’s professional discerning and their critical thinking in Pakistani context. A quantitative paradigm has been adopted to find out if there is any relationship between EFL teachers’ professional discerning and their critical thinking. The participants consisted of 93 EFL teachers teaching English at the university level in Pakistan. The researcher utilized a professional discerning (identity) research tool taken from Sheybani and Miri (2019) and a derived Critical Thinking Inventory (DCT) designed by the researcher to collect data. To analyze the relationship between EFL teachers’s professional discerning and their critical thinking ability, the data were analyzed by R (statistical program). The results of correlation analysis unfolded that the sub-constructs of professional discerning questionnaire tools are predicted by critical thinking. A highly positive and statistically significant correlation was observed in the analysis. The study highlights the significance and important role of critical thinking in shaping EFL teachers’ professional discerning, particularly in their teaching context. The study proves the inventive conduct of EFL teachers in the present era of knowledge and learning. The study will positively contribute to language teaching and learning, and it would open up new vistas for EFL teachers, syllabus designers, and academia.
Grammar Teaching: A Case Study of a Pakistani School in Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Mesti Saadia
Published: January 2021

Grammar constitutes an essential element in the learning and teaching of any language. English as a foreign language is being taught in Pakistani government-run schools and in non-elitist private schools. The focal question in this paper centers on the several implications of the teaching process of grammatical concepts. The main aim of this research study is to find out the methods adopted in the teaching of grammar and whether these methods are updated with recent methods recommended in recent research on effective teaching and learning. The content analysis of books and review of teaching methods are used as methodological tools. The results suggest that the grammar teaching methods are outdated, the text material contains misleading explanations, and lack understanding of descriptive linguistic concepts on grammar. The core recommendation is that the grammar teaching methods and text material in question should be reviewed and updated with a more up-to-date material. The significance of the study lies in the fact that it will shade light on the teaching practices of grammar and review updated research on the teaching of grammar, which need consideration in teacher training programs and study material design.
Analysis of the Utilization of VCO as a Glucose Level Reducing Material in Brown Rice Using a UV-VIS Spectrophotometer
Authors: Manik Magdalena E , Herlinawati Herlinawati
Published: January 2021

This research aims to determine the effect of adding VCO on glucose levels in brown rice that cooked by rice cooker and steamer. Sample preparation is done by adding VCO to brown rice and cooking simultaneously. The samples were measured for their glucose levels by adding phenol and sulfuric acid to the sample and then measuring their absorbance using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results showed that the addition of VCO affected glucose levels in brown rice. The highest level of glucose in brown rice was 32,178 ppm without the addition of VCO and the lowest level was 0.946 ppm with the addition of 5% VCO. Meanwhile, the highest level of glucose in brown rice in a steamer was 22,268 ppm without the addition of VCO and the lowest was 0,768 ppm with the addition of 5% VCO.
Analysis of the Quality of Used Cooking Oil Used in Frying Chicken
Authors: Sinurat Dian I , Silaban Ramlan
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the quality of oil quality that is used repeatedly by frying chicken with the SNI. Bulk oil is used for frying the chicken with 11 frying repetitions. Repetition of oil before frying, repeat 1 time frying up to 10 frying times. Then the oil is tested for water content, Free Fatty Acid (FFA), peroxide value and iodine value. From this study, the quality of cooking oil was obtained for the range of: water content 0.03- 1.04%(w/w), Free Fatty Acids (FFA) 0.39-1.01%(w/w), peroxide value 5,99-18,465 mekO2/kg, iodine value 3.255-3.55 gI2/100g oil. Based on the various tests, the water content up to the oil from frying 3, Free Fatty Acid to oil from frying 3, the peroxide value to frying oil 4 still meets the SNI 01-3741-2013 oil quality standard. And in the iodine value test, all repeated frying results still meet the SNI 01-3741-2013 oil quality standard.
Process Treatment of Heavy Metal Waste from Various Types of Adosorbents ( clay, flay ash, and natural zeolite) : A Review
Authors: Efendi Yuda Darmawan , Nasution Hafni Indriati , Rahmah Siti , Zubir Moondra
Published: January 2021

Development of the industry, especially the palm oil mill industry, it will have an impact with tangible evidence that makes the environment polluted. Heavy metals will be produced from the palm oil mill industry and will pollute the environment. Zn metal is one of the heavy metal waste produced from the mustard coconut factory industry. Zn heavy metal waste will be very dangerous if it exceeds a predetermined level and will have an impact on humans, animals and the environment. One effort to reduce heavy metals using the adsorption method. Adsorption has advantages over a variety of other methods. Adsorban that is used from materials found in nature and the resulting waste can be used as an adsorbent. The type and type of adsorbent greatly affect the pH adsorption level of the Zn metal solution.
Water Purification Process Uses Adsorbents From Natural
Authors: Fadhilah Lailatul , Jasmidi Jasmidi , Selly Rini , Zubir Moondra
Published: January 2021

Adsorbent is an adsorption that is used to absorb various pollutants. Adsorbents can be used from natural materials. Natural ingredients that can be used are oil palm empty bunches. Oil palm empty bunches are a carbon-rich material that is getting new research interest in adsorption because of its abundance and properties. Oil palm empty bunches contain carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose. Oil palm empty bunches are used as adsorbent for water saturation.
The CONSIDERING THE BASIC BENEFITS OF OMNIBUS LAW FOR PEOPLE
Authors: Taufiq Muchamad
Published: January 2021

Abstract:The purpose of this research is to know if omnibus law is needed today in Indonesia, and how it is likely to impact the Omnibus Law on copyright employment. The benefits of this research are theoretically expected to provide a rationale that is cognitive beneficial to develop legal sciences, especially omnibus law from the perspective of human rights in relation to sustainable development. We know after the inclusion of the Omnibuslaw draft Act, wave demonstration of labor to refuse to occur almost across the country. There are chapters that are expected to be increasingly afflicted workers and give advantage to entrepreneurs because the reason of investment is seen as a form of regulation that is not party to the people, suppress domestic labor and provide opportunities for foreign workers. The research uses the of approach and Conceptual Approach. This research uses the source of primary legal material that is legislation and the source of secondary legal material in the form of books and texts of legal. The results of this study demonstrate omnibus law is a fundamental step and simplify the various rules into a single large rule that overcomes all matters so that it does not overlap in its settings. Applying the omnibus law is a heavy choice so that the interests of the people must get adequate place.

 

Keywords: Omnibus Law, Labor, constitutional rights

 

Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah omnibus law dibutuhkan di Indonesia saat ini, dan bagaimana dampaknya terhadap hak pekerja. Manfaat dari penelitian ini secara teoritis diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman rasional berupa manfaat kognitif untuk pengembangan ilmu hukum, khususnya omnibus law dari perspektif HAM dalam hubungannya dengan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Kita semua tahu RUU Ombinus Law menyebabkan gelombang demonstrasi buruh menolak RUU tersebut hampir di seluruh pelosok negeri. Terdapat beberapa bab yang diharapkan menambah penderitaan pekerja dan memberika keuntungan kepada pengusaha sebab investasi menjadi satu alasan yang terlihat dalam regulasi tersebut yang tidak berpihak pada masyarakat, menekan pekerja domestic dan memberikan kesempatan kepada pekerja asing. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Hasil dari kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa omnibus law merupakan langkah yang fundamental dan langkah yang dimaksudkan untuk menyederhanakan kompleksitas peraturan perundang-undangan yang mampu mengatasi segala permasalahan yang timbul mencegah tumpang tindih regulasi. Penerapan omnibus law adalah pilihan berat untuk dapat menjamin kepentingan masyarakat secara adil.

 Keywords: Omnibus Law, Buruh, Hak Konstitusional
OMNIBUS LAW - JOB CREATION LAW IN HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: - Suhariwanto -
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The Omnibus Law, The Job Creation Law, which was passed on October 5, 2020, is a law that contains 11 (eleven) clusters. One of the 14 (fourteen) clusters is the Employment cluster, which is included in Chapter IV. The purpose of enacting this Job Creation Law was to improve the investment or business climate, starting from MSMEs, Regional-owned Enterprises, State-owned Enterprises, and large-scale industries so that they can grow and develop together in order to accommodate more jobs, improve the quality of the workforce, and protect thelabourforce. The objectives can be seen from the juridical preamble of article 27 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution and article 33 of the 1945 Constitution as well as the factual considerations of letters (a) to (f) "sociolegal spirit" which is the basis for the enactment of the Omnibus Law ofJob Creation is also in line with the principles that are upheld in human rights, especially regarding "Social and Economic Right", as the basic needs of workers or labourers.

 

Keyword: Omnibus Law of Job Creation and Human Rights.

 

Abstrak: Omnibus Law  Undang  Undang Cipta Kerja, yang telah di sahkan  pada tanggal 5 Oktober 2020, merupakan undang-undang  yang materi  muatannya berisi  11 ( sebelas ) klater. Dari 14 ( empat belas ) klater tersebut, salas satunya adalah klater Ketenagakerjaan, yang dimuat dalam Bab IV. Tujuan membentukan  UU Cipta kerja ini untuk meningkatakan iklim investasi atau usaha, mulai dari UMKM, BUMD, BUMN  dan Industri berskala besar supaya  dapat bertumbuh, berkembang   secara bersama-sama , sehingga dapat menampung lebih banyak lapangan kerja, disertai peningkatan kualitas tenaga kerja dan perlindungan tenaga kerja. Tujuan ini dapat dilihat dari konsideran Yuridis pasal 27 ayat ( 2 ) UUD 1945 dan pasal 33 UUD 1945 maupun konsideran factual huruf ( a )sampai dengan ( f ) “ sosiolegal spirit  “ yang  menjadi landasan pijak pembentukan Omnibus Law Cipta Kerja tersebut juga sejalan dengan  prinsip-prinsip yang dijunjung tinggi dalam Hak – Hak Asasi Manusia, utamanya tentang “  Social and Economic Right “, sebagi kebutuhan dasar para  pekerja atau buruh.

Keyword   : Omnibus Law Cipta Kerja dan Hak Asasi Manusia .
IMPLEMENTASI PERSAMAAN HAK NARAPIDANA TERHADAP PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PADA LEMBAGA PERMASYARAKATAN PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Deriansyah Deriansyah , Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Kadaryanto Bagio
Published: January 2021

In essence, correctionalization is one of the manifestations of the formal institutionalization of the public's reaction to crime. The reaction of this society at first only focused on the element of giving suffering to lawbreakers. However, in line with the development of society, the element of giving suffering must also be balanced with humane treatment by paying attention to the human rights of lawbreakers as individual beings, as well as creatures. social. Therefore, the correctional facility must also function as a place for the rehabilitation of prisoners with a variety of coaching activities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of the equal rights of prisoners to get health services at prisons in Riau province and to analyze the obstacles and efforts in implementing the equal rights of prisoners to get health services in prisons in Riau province. The research method is sociological legal research, by identifying the legal effectiveness of the law in society which discusses the Implementation of the Equality of Prisoners to Get Health Services in Prisons in Riau Province, namely in Class II A Lapas Pekanbaru and Class II B Rokan Hulu Prison. In general, the implementation of prisoners' rights in obtaining health services in prisons in Riau Province has not been able to meet the needs of prisoners in prisons. It is hoped that the government will pay special attention to the impact arising from the overcapacity of a correctional institution. Because the excess occupants (over capacity) of a correctional institution will cause a health condition that is not good for prisoners so that it will hinder the running or ineffectiveness of the implementation of development programs in prisons. It is hoped that the Government will further improve health resources, financing, infrastructure, health service efforts and maintain environmental health in prisons and fulfill the food and drinking needs of prisoners in prisons as well as special attention to the impact arising from overpopulation. capacity) of a correctional institution so that the right to health for prisoners can be fulfilled, and human rights can be protected according to the ideals of the Indonesian people as referred to in Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUDNRI).
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism industry: An evaluation from the hotel managers' perspective
Authors: DEMİR Mahmut , DEMİR Şirvan Şen , DALGIÇ Ali , ERGEN Fatma Doğanay
Published: January 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic, which is seen as a source of crisis worldwide, has also had negative effects in many ways in the tourism industry. In this process, it is important to find out the problems caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and its solutions to tourism businesses. The aim of the research is to determine the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in the tourism industry, to evaluate the views of hotel managers and to offer solutions to problems in hotels. The research data were collected through face-to-face interviews with the hotel managers in Bodrum-Muğla. The interviews, in which a semi-structured interview technique was used to collect data, were held between July-September 2020. The data were analyzed with the descriptive analysis technique. The analysis was respectively carried out as the conceptual structure, modelling of data, organizing data through tables, and interpretation of findings. As a result, it has been revealed that the Covid-19 pandemic affects hotel businesses economically, socially and psychologically.
Well-being of Students Affected by Disaster: A Case Study of 2004 Tsunami in Sri Lanka
Authors: Senarath Samudra Kumari
Published: January 2021

The main objective of the study was to identify the long-term well-being of students affected by the tsunami of December 2004. The specific aims of the study were to evaluate the psychological, social and educational well-being of students affected by the tsunami, 13 years after the tsunami; and to examine the nature of psycho-social counselling and material support and how these services contributed to their well-being. The methods used to gather data were both quantitative and qualitative with purposive sampling, using the class teachers’ nominations. Six school teachers and five counsellors and 43 girls and 42 boys from the Southern Province were enrolled in the study. The results of the study showed how students affected by the tsunami had to face different trauma related experiences such as their family members remaining missing and their family members’ death or injury, although the students themselves had escaped the tidal waves. Thus, the trauma related to experiences of the tsunami caused the students to have many psychological and emotional difficulties. The qualitative results showed that the students had reached a quite satisfactory level of well-being, 13 years after the tsunami. The children had attended psycho-social education awareness programs and received psycho-social “training” and counselling interventions. These were implemented in order to successfully develop the students’ well-being. The findings suggested that the students required further professional counselling services and welfare facilities within the school system and also a drug prevention program in order to further their well-being, based on a long-term plan.
Factors Affecting Student’s Financial Literacy (A Study on the Students of the Faculty of Economics and the Faculty of Science and Technology of Sanata Dharma University Yogyakarta)
Authors: Egesta Erren , Rahayu Caecilia Wahyu Estining , Tri Rahmawati Christina Heti
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine 1) the factors that affect students' financial literacy. The factors include gender, Grade Point Average (GPA) and allowance; 2) the differences in financial literacy between students of the Faculty of Economics and students of the Faculty of Science and Technology. The population in this study were active students from batch 2014-2017 of the Faculty of Economics and the Faculty of Science and Technology, Sanata Dharma University. The sampling technique employed was purposive sampling. The data analysis methods were the Chi-Square test and the Two Independent Sample Test with Mann Whitney Test. The test results show that 1) GPA factor significantly influences students' financial literacy,2) gender and allowance do not affect students' financial literacy,3) there are differences in financial literacy between students of the Faculty of Economics and the Faculty of Science and Technology, in which students of the Faculty of Economics have higher financial literacy level.
The Role of Psychological Capital and Leader Member-Exchange on Participatory Budgeting and Managerial Performance
Authors: Pradana Bartolomeus Galih Visnhu
Published: January 2021

The competition is increasingly competitive in the world of education, particularly in this uncertain situation, it encourages every agency to plan, control, and determine the right policies. This study aims to explain the overall relationship between participatory budgeting and managerial performance by including Psychological Capital as an intervening variable and Leader Member Exchange as a moderating variable. The method used was a mixed method with a parallel convergent approach, it is conducted to produce more comprehensive facts. The method of data analysis and hypothesis testing used was Structural Equation Modeling. The survey results of 161 managerial positions in private high schools in DIY indicated that budget participation was directly related to managerial performance. Psychological capital was found to partially mediate the relationship between participatory budgeting and managerial performance. Then, the higher relationship between superiors and subordinates will increase the relationship between participatory budgeting and managerial performance. The survey results were also supported by the results of interviews with informants. This research contributes to the formation of employee of psychological capital and the implementation of leadership style as an important factor in influencing performance.
Splitting the one-Dimensional Wave Equation, Part II: Additional Data are Given by an End Displacement Measurement
Authors: Hussein Shilan Othman , Hussein M. S.
Published: January 2021

In this research, an unknown space-dependent force function in the wave equation is studied. This is a natural continuation of [1] and chapter 2 of [2] and [3], where the finite difference method (FDM)/boundary element method (BEM), with the separation of variables method, were considered. Additional data are given by the one end displacement measurement. Moreover, it is a continuation of [3], with exchanging the boundary condition, where  are extra data, by the initial condition. This is an ill-posed inverse force problem for linear hyperbolic equation. Therefore, in order to stabilize the solution, a zeroth-order Tikhonov regularization method is provided. To assess the accuracy, the minimum error between exact and numerical solutions for the force is computed for various regularization parameters. Numerical results are presented and a good agreement was obtained for the exact and noisy data.
Signal Soft Sets for Atoms Modeling and Signal Soft Topology
Authors: Mahmood Majd Hamid
Published: January 2021

In this paper we define a signal soft set as a mathematical tool to represent and study atoms, anti-atoms, electrons, anti-electrons, protons, and anti-protons, and generate a signal soft topology, with an example of signal soft topology on H2O.
A mathematical model for the dynamics of COVID-19 pandemic involving the infective immigrants
Authors: Mohsen Ahmed A. , AL-Husseiny Hassan F. , Hattaf Khalid , Boulfoul Bilal
Published: January 2021

â€Ž  Since the first outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 31, 2019, COVID-19    pandemic  â€Žhas been spreading to many countries in the world. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has caused a â€Žmajor global crisis, with 554,767 total confirmed cases, 484,570 total recovered cases, and â€Žâ€Ž12,306 deaths in Iraq as of February 2, 2020. In the absence of any effective therapeutics or drugs â€Žand with an unknown epidemiological life cycle, predictive mathematical models can aid in â€Žthe understanding of both control and management of coronavirus disease. Among the important â€Žfactors that helped the rapid spread of the epidemic are immigration, travelers, foreign workers, and foreign students. In this work, we develop a mathematical model to study the dynamical â€Žbehavior of COVID-19 pandemic, involving immigrants' effects with the possibility of re-infection. â€ŽFirstly, we studied the positivity and roundedness of the solution of the proposed model. The stability â€Žresults of the model at the disease-free equilibrium point were presented when . Further, it was proven that the pandemic equilibrium point will persist uniformly when . Moreover, we â€Žconfirmed the occurrence of the local bifurcation (saddle-node, pitchfork, and transcritical). Finally, â€Žtheoretical analysis and numerical results were shown to be consistent.
Dynamic Fault Tolerance Aware Scheduling for Healthcare System on Fog Computing
Authors: Rajab Hadeel T. , Younis Manal F.
Published: January 2021

Internet of Things (IoT) contributes to improve the quality of life as it supports many applications, especially healthcare systems. Data generated from IoT devices is sent to the Cloud Computing (CC) for processing and storage, despite the latency caused by the distance. Because of the revolution in IoT devices, data sent to CC has been increasing. As a result, another problem added to the latency was increasing congestion on the cloud network. Fog Computing (FC) was used to solve these problems because of its proximity to IoT devices, while filtering data is sent to the CC. FC is a middle layer located between IoT devices and the CC layer. Due to the massive data generated by IoT devices on FC, Dynamic Weighted Round Robin (DWRR) algorithm was used, which represents a load balancing (LB) algorithm that is applied to schedule and distributes data among fog servers by reading CPU and memory values of these servers in order to improve system performance. The results proved that DWRR algorithm provides high throughput which reaches 3290 req/sec at 919 users. A lot of research is concerned with distribution of workload by using LB techniques without paying much attention to Fault Tolerance (FT), which implies that the system continues to operate even when fault occurs. Therefore, we proposed a replication FT technique called primary-backup replication based on dynamic checkpoint interval on FC. Checkpoint was used to replicate new data from a primary server to a backup server dynamically by monitoring CPU values of primary fog server, so that checkpoint occurs only when the CPU value is larger than 0.2 to reduce overhead. The results showed that the execution time of data filtering process on the FC with a dynamic checkpoint is less than the time spent in the case of the static checkpoint that is independent on the CPU status.
Właściwości prozdrowotne pochrzynu (słodkie ziemniaki)
Authors: Kołeczek Elżbieta , Horochowska Michalina , Zdrojewicz Zygmunt , Jagiełło Jacek , Łazeczko Jacek
Published: February 2021

Dioscorea spp., sometimes called yam, is a genus of around 600 species of tuberous climbers. Since ages it has been used as a food source and in the natural medicine. It contains many fitochemical substances: diterpenoids, glycosides, steroids, saponines and sapogenines. Thanks to this it can be used as a medicine in metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. Diosgenin present in the plant stimulates differentiation of fatty cells and eliminate ongoing inflammation. Additionaly, it lowers the amount of triglicerydes and LDL, acting positively on the diabetes related dyslipidemia, lowering the glucose level likewise. Antimicrobial action allows yam to be used against infections, with the possibility of it’s being used against HIV infection. Due to anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of some polysaccharides present in Dioscorea bulbifera it can be helpful in the adjuvant therapy of cervical cancer and in the therapy of either sarcomas or liver cancer. Since years, analgetic and anti-inflammatory effect of Yam has been used in the traditional medicine of Kamerun. Studies performed on mice proved analgetic action of Dioscorea alata against neuropatic pain, as well as pain releated to inflammation, probably by reducing the level of inflammatory mediators. Studies performed on rats revealed positive effect of usage of Dioscorea alata in the condition of low blood estrogen levels, what presented by lowering anxiety levels and action against lowering of the density of bone tissue. It’s administration in postmenopausal women led to increase in blood estron, estradiol and sex hormones binding protein levels. Due to this action it can counteract against adverse changes caused by reduced level of those hormones. Additionaly, surves have shown beneficial influence of yam on the digestive system, by increasing the level of symbiotic bacterial flora and reducing vulnerability to the toxic effect of lipopolysaccharide.
Diagnóstico em saúde de populações tradicionais: revisão sistemática
Authors: Valentim Lívia de Aguiar , Quaresma Tatiane Costa , Quaresma Thiago Junio Costa , Luiz Olinda do Carmo
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Sistematizar o conhecimento científico sobre os diagnósticos em saúde de populações tradicionais, visando elaborar um instrumento adequado para um inquérito em saúde.  Métodos: Foram pesquisadas as bases de dados Scopus, Centro Nacional de Informações sobre Biotecnologia (PubMed), Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) e Base Excerpta Medica (EMBASE), conforme a metodologia PRISMA. Foram inclusos os estudos publicados de 2008 a setembro de 2018, e os descritores utilizados foram redigidos em inglês, para todas as buscas (ribeirinhos ou indígenas ou afrodescendentes e diagnósticos em saúde e não tratamentos). Resultados: Dos 19034 artigos encontrados, 35 foram retirados por duplicidade, e após leitura dos títulos, o pesquisador 1 selecionou 34, e o pesquisador 2, 54, chegando ao consenso para leitura dos resumos de 34 artigos, dos quais apenas 13 foram selecionados para leitura integral. Dos artigos selecionados nenhum tratou das populações ribeirinhas e quilombolas. Conclusão: Apenas 13 artigos dispunham de informações relevantes para a construção do instrumento de coleta de dados para inquérito em saúde. Sugere-se que sejam ampliados os estudos com tais populações, dando ênfase à estudos epidemiológicos.
Cell-blocks and immunohistochemistry
Authors: Shidham Vinod B. , Layfield Lester J.
Published: January 2021

The interpretation of results on immunostained cell-block sections has to be compared with the cumulative published data derived predominantly from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections. Because of this, it is important to recognize that the fixation and processing protocol should not be different from the routinely processed FFPE surgical pathology tissue. Exposure to non-formalin fixatives or reagents may interfere with the diagnostic immunoreactivity pattern. The immunoprofile observed on such cell-blocks, which are not processed in a manner similar to the surgical pathology specimens, may not be representative resulting in aberrant results. The field of immunohistochemistry (IHC) is advancing continuously with the standardization of many immunomarkers. A variety of technical advances such as multiplex IHC with refined methodologies and automation is increasing its role in clinical applications. The recent addition of rabbit monoclonal antibodies has further improved sensitivity. As compared to the mouse monoclonal antibodies, the rabbit monoclonal antibodies have 10 to 100 fold higher antigen affinity. Most of the scenarios involve the evaluation of coordinate immunostaining patterns in cell-blocks with relatively scant diagnostic material without proper orientation which is usually retained in most of the surgical pathology specimens. These challenges are addressed if cell-blocks are prepared with some dedicated methodologies such as NextGen CelBloking™ (NGCB) kits. Cell-blocks prepared by NGCB kits also facilitate the easy application of the SCIP (subtractive coordinate immunoreactivity pattern) approach for proper evaluation of coordinate immunoreactivity. Various cell-block and IHC-related issues are discussed in detail.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Situs Astana Gede Kawali Untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Budaya Lokal Siswa
Authors: Suryana Aan , Ratih Dewi
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar berbasis sejarah lokal dengan menampilkan eksistensi Situs Astana Gede Kawali untuk meningkatkan ketahanan budaya siswa, serta menganalisis keefektifan produk bahan ajar yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Plus Informatika Ciamis dengan menggunakan metode penelitian Reseach & Development (R&D) dari Borg & Gall. Hasil penelitian menunjukan: 1) model dan metode pembelajaran yang diterapkan masih didominasi oleh guru dan masih menggunakan bahan ajar yang sudah disediakan di sekolah; 2) Penggunaan situs sejarah lokal sebagai bahan ajar dalam proses pembelajaran belum dilakukan secara optimal; 3) Pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis sejarah lokal Situs Astana Gede Kawali dilakukan dengan mengembangkan bahan ajar yang sudah ada dan dilakukan pembaharuan serta disesuaikan dengan Standar Kompetensi, Kompetensi Dasar dan Materi Pokok pembelajaran. Penerapan bahan ajar berbasis sejarah lokal Situs Astana Gede Kawali efektifÂ  meningkatkan ketahanan budaya dan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari hasil evaluasi belajar yang sangat tinggi dan aktivitas pembelajaran yang sangat baik.
Media Poster Dan Film Sebagai Instrumen Propaganda Militer Jepang Di Indonesia 1942-1945
Authors: Budiarto Gema
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini menelaah penggunaan media poster dan film yang digunakan oleh militer Jepang selama menduduki Indonesia 1942-1945. Melalui paham HakkÅ Ichiu (/å…«ç´˜ä¸€å®‡) dan doktrin Dai TÅa KyÅeiken (å¤§æ±äºœå…±æ „åœ) atau dikenal dikenal dengan sebutan Kemakmuran Bersama Asia Timur Raya harus membawa Jepang masuk dalam Perang Dunia II front Pasifik. Awal tahun 1940-an, Jepang mulai bergerak untuk mewujudkan cita-citanya dengan menginvasi wilayah-wilayah yang diduduki oleh bangsa-bangsa barat seperti Inggirs di Malaya, Perancis di Indonchina Perancis, Amerika Serikat di Filipina, dan Belanda di Indonesia.Â  Tidak hanya melakukan perang secara fisik tetapi Jepang juga melakukan perang urat saraf atau perang propaganda. Media yang paling berpengaruh yang digunakan oleh Jepang dalam perang propaganda tersebut yakni media poster dan film. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah yang terdiri dari empat tahapan diantaranya heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitianÂ  menunjukkan bahwa media propaganda poster dan film yang dibuat oleh militer Jepang efektif dalam memobilisasi rakyat untuk dapat bekerjasama dengan Militer Jepang demi terciptanya Kawasan Kemakmuran Asia Timur Raya di bawah pimpinan Jepang.
Hermeneutika Sebuah Metode Interpretasi Dalam Kajian Filsafat Sejarah
Authors: Sidik Humar , Sulistyana Ika Putri
Published: January 2021

Hermeneutika merupakan sebuah metode interpretasi terhadap sebuah simbol baik berupa teks atau lambang lainnya. Dalam perkembangannya sebagai metode hermeneutika banyak dianut oleh berbagai disiplin ilmu demi mengungkapkan makna yang tersirat dalam sebuah simbol atau teks. Salah satu disiplin ilmu yang menggunakan hermeneutika sebagai metodenya adalah sejarah. Sejarah menggunakan hermeneutika pada bagian interpretasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menunjukan pentingnya hermeneutika dalam kajian filsafat sejarah. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan adalah kualitatif deskriptif-analisis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan beberapa hal, diantaranya yaitu, varian atau jenis-jenis dalam hermeneutika mulai dari hermeneutika romantis milik Friedrich Ernst Daniel Schleiermarcher, hermeneutika metodis karya Wilhelm Dilthey, hermeneutika fenomenologis yang dibangun oleh Edmund Husserl, hermeneutika dialektis dengan eksemplar Martin Herdegger, hermeneutika kritisnya Jurgen Habermas, dan hermeneutika milik Paul Ricouer yang sering digunakan dalam teks sastra serta yang terakhir metode hermeneutika dekonstruksionis hasil pemikiran Jacques Derrida. Selain itu dibahas juga alasan hermeneutika menjadi sebuah metode dalam filsafat sejarah dan bagaimana cara memahami filsafat sejarah dengan hermeneutika. Sehingga penelitian ini berfokus pada hermeneutika sebagai metode penafsiran teks dalam filsafat sejarah dan varian yang sering digunakan dalam hermeneutika pada kajian filsafat sejarah. Hal ini dilakukan demi membatasi terlalu luasnya objek kajian dalam penelitian.