bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edukacja medialna w rodzinie
Authors: Kosmalska Beata
Published: January 2020

This article discusses issues of forming and developing media skills in children in a family setting. Research on the role of media (mainly television) in a child’s life has been conducted for many years and indicates a necessity to develop a child’s media skills early (Izdebska, 1996, 2007; Kossowski 1999; Braun-Gałkowska 2003). There is a shortage of data on the role of parents in preparing children for formal media education (at school or preschool). It is the parents’ responsibility to ensure that a child’s first contact with media is handled properly. In light of this, the following questions arise: Do parents know about the risks, and also opportunities, resulting from the use of media by children? Do they teach children how to choose which media to use and manage the amount of time spent doing it? Do they teach children proper ways of using media for play? I attempt answering these questions by referencing opinions of media experts, psychologists and educators on the topic of media influence (“media childhood”), the significance of media education in developing media literacy in children, and by presenting the conclusions of my research that inspire further insightful analyses into media education of children at home.
Unworthy of History? On the Absence and Stereotypical Images of Women Scientists in Light of the Historical Narrative in Middle and Secondary School Textbooks
Authors: Chmura-Rutkowska Iwona , Głowacka-Sobiech Edyta , Skórzyńska Izabela
Published: January 2020

Our research project “Unworthy of History” focuses on discussing the historical narrative in Polishhistory  textbooks that are used in teaching history at the middle school level. The aim is to analyze and describe ways of thinking about as well as presenting the role and place of women and men in history in schools. Research shows that women are portrayed in textbooks as playing a less important role than men – they are almost non-existent in public life. “(...) what is male is universal. What is female is accidental and secondary”. The few women that are mentioned in these textbooks are portrayed in traditional roles, usually family roles, and in those contexts and spheres of life that are culturally considered to be typically feminine. Women are not only under-represented in history textbooks; also, informationabout them is often distorted or simply untrue. The topic of the (in)equality between women and men as well as the history of women’s emancipation movements, which are related to the empowerment of  half of humanity, is not considered worthy to be presented in Polish textbooks. Our presentation and study focused on the absence and stereotypical representations of women scientists in Polish history textbooks. The results reveal that although women could be as creative and hard working as men – not exclusively in the fields traditionally associated with women (e.g. Josephine Cochran invented the dishwasher in 1872, and Marion Donovan – disposable diapers in 1950) butalso in those associated with men (e.g. Mary Anderson created windshield wipers in 1903 and Grace Murray found the first computer bug in 1947) – their contribution to the development of societies is  marginalised, trivialised or totally omitted by the authors Polish history textbooks. In every textbook analysed, men make up over 90% of characters introduced by name although they were not necessarily widely known. On the other hand, women who achieved professional success in science, art or social development get ignored.
Collette Snowden, Sally Lewis, Mixed Messages: Public Communication About Higher Education and Non-traditional Students in Australia (Rozbieżne komunikaty: publiczna dyskusja na temat szkolnictwa wyższego a nietypowi studenci w Australii), „Higher Education” 2015, vol. 70, iss. 3 (opr. Monika Kotowska-Lewińska)
Authors: Kotowska-Lewińska Monika
Published: January 2020

Collette Snowden, Sally Lewis, Mixed Messages: Public Communication About Higher Education and Non-traditional Students in Australia (Rozbieżne komunikaty: publiczna dyskusja na temat szkolnictwa wyższego a nietypowi studenci w Australii), „Higher Education” 2015, vol. 70, iss. 3 (opr. Monika Kotowska-Lewińska)
Models of liability for the administrative tort sanctioned with ﬁ nancial penalties on the example of selected European countries
Authors: Staniszewska Lucyna
Published: January 2020

Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu są modele odpowiedzialności administracyjnej za naruszenia prawa publicznego w wybranych państwach europejskich, tj. Austrii, Czechach, Francji, Niemczech i Wielkiej Brytanii. We Francji i Wielkiej Brytanii wpływ na model odpowiedzialności wywiera orzecznictwo sądowe, natomiast w pozostałych państwach modele te są regulowane prawem stanowionym, jednakże w sposób fragmentaryczny. Niestety, bardzo często prawo stanowione nie zawiera ogólnych regulacji dotyczących kar pieniężnych. Jest to negatywne zjawisko zwłaszcza ze względu na to, że kary administracyjne są istotnymi instrumentami zapewnienia wykonania aktów administracyjnych oraz normatywnych. Podjęcie problematyki sankcji administracyjnych jest spowodowane wyraźną tendencją prawodawców w wielu państwach Unii Europejskiej do stanowienia kolejnych deliktów administracyjnych i kar za nie wymierzanych. Ustawodawca często jednak czyni to bez głębszego zastanowienia i zagadnienie to reguluje tak, by wymierzane kary realizowały interes publiczny i były zgodne z międzynarodowymi zasadami ochrony praw człowieka. Biorąc pod uwagę ciężar gatunkowy administracyjnych sankcji, zwłaszcza kar pieniężnych, należy wskazać, że negatywnym aspektem jest niedostatek regulacji prawnych w tym zakresie. Stosowaniu sankcji administracyjnych towarzyszą poważne dylematy związane z możliwością ich wymierzania z pominięciem zasady trójpodziału władzy, a także z gwarancjami charakterystycznymi dla spraw karnych. Pomimo licznych uwarunkowań administracyjnoprawnych, wpływających na cha-rakter prawny instytucji sankcji administracyjnych, charakteryzują się one cechami właściwymi dla spraw karnych. Złożoność ich konstrukcji staje się jednak w pełni widoczna dopiero w obliczu analizy różnorodnych modeli ich stosowania. Żaden z nich nie ujmuje jednakże problemu sankcji administracyjnych kompleksowo w taki sposób, by mógł on posłużyć przykładem dla innych porządków prawnych.Autorka opracowania postuluje przygotowanie ogólnych regulacji zasad stosowania sankcji administracyjnych w poszczególnych państwach europejskich w celu pełnej realizacji zasady ochrony praw człowieka i obywatela w sprawach represyjnych.
Christopher Alexander Thomas, “Globalising sovereignty”? Pettit's neo-republicanism, international law, and international institutions (“Globalna suwereność”? O małym neo-republikanizmie, prawie międzynarodowym i instytucjach międzynarodowych), „The Cambridge Law Journal” 2015, vol. 74, iss. 3 (opr. Lucyna Staniszewska)
Authors: Staniszewska Lucyna
Published: January 2020

Christopher Alexander Thomas, “Globalising sovereignty”? Pettit's neo-republicanism, international law, and international institutions (“Globalna suwereność”? O małym neo-republikanizmie, prawie międzynarodowym i instytucjach międzynarodowych), „The Cambridge Law Journal” 2015, vol. 74, iss. 3 (opr. Lucyna Staniszewska)
Alysia Blackham, Tackling Age Discrimination against Older Workers: A Comparative Analysis of Laws in the United Kingdom and Finland (Radzenie sobie z dyskryminacją ze względu na wiek wobec starszych pracowników: analiza prawnoporównawcza regulacji w Wielkiej Brytanii i Finlandii), „Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative Law” 2015, vol. 4, no. 1 (opr. Agnieszka Narożniak)
Authors: Narożniak Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

Alysia Blackham, Tackling Age Discrimination against Older Workers: A Comparative Analysis of Laws in the United Kingdom and Finland (Radzenie sobie z dyskryminacją ze względu na wiek wobec starszych pracowników: analiza prawnoporównawcza regulacji w Wielkiej Brytanii i Finlandii), „Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative Law” 2015, vol. 4, no. 1 (opr. Agnieszka Narożniak)
Sprawozdanie z międzynarodowej konferencji naukowej „W poszukiwaniu europejskiej doktryny wolności słowa”, Poznań, 10 march 2016 r. (opr. Michał Urbańczyk)
Authors: Urbańczyk Michał
Published: January 2020

Sprawozdanie z międzynarodowej konferencji naukowej „W poszukiwaniu europejskiej doktryny wolności słowa”, Poznań, 10 march 2016 r. (opr. Michał Urbańczyk)
Istota i znaczenie (funkcje) zasad postępowania sądowoadministracyjnego
Authors: Wiktorowska Aleksandra
Published: January 2020

There are two main platforms on which the role and importance of the principles of procedural law can be observed. One concerns the basic functions played by these principles, i.e. the function that orders the process, the function that shapes the process model, the interpretative function and the cognitive function. The other platform concerns the reference sphere i.e. a sphere to which these principles are or may be of importance owing to the functions they have. Thus it comprises the sphere of making and enforcing law and its criticism, the law teaching and researching sphere, the practical sphere, the political-ideological sphere and last but not least the sphere of codiﬁ ed and non-codiﬁ ed law. This division however is not absolute. There exists, for example, convergence between the sphere of law enforcement and law practice as well as between the sphere of law criticism and law teaching or researching. A similar convergence may be observed between the law making and the political-ideological spheres. The two platforms cross over and create meeting points in which individual functions of principles in relevant reference spheres may be marked. At the law-making stage, the ordering function harmonises legal solutions adopted in a legislative act whereas at the law-enforcement stage it facilitates construction of a legal text. The shaping of a model of proceedings in administrative courts by principles means that these principles make it possible to determine the structure of institutions and procedural solutions in proceedings before administrative courts, while the interpretative function occurs only in the sphere of law enforcement and criticism. The cognitive function is mainly signiﬁ cant for the law teaching and researching sphere, but also for the law practice, including criticism.
Adedokun Ogunfolu, Oludayo Fagbemi, I Have a Drone: The Implications of American Drone Policy for Africa and International Humanitarian Law (Mam drona: konsekwencje amerykańskiej polityki użycia dronów dla Afryki i międzynarodowego prawa humanitarnego), „African Journal of International and Comparative Law” 2015, vol. 23, iss. 1
Authors: Staniszewska Lucyna
Published: January 2020

Adedokun Ogunfolu, Oludayo Fagbemi, I Have a Drone: The Implications of American Drone Policy for Africa and International Humanitarian Law (Mam drona: konsekwencje amerykańskiej polityki użycia dronów dla Afryki i międzynarodowego prawa humanitarnego), „African Journal of International and Comparative Law” 2015, vol. 23, iss. 1
KAYITDIŞI EKONOMİNİN BOYUTLARI (1997)
Authors: ALTUĞ Osman
Published: January 2020

Informal (also called underground, illegal or hidden) Economy can be defined as hiding the economic actions either by not using any document or using tlıe inaccurate documents in order to keep them out of the formol economy. As a great part of Turkey’s economy, the volume of informal economy has been increased significantly. To understand and solve the problems of our economy, this issue must be carried on the top of all other problems.
İŞLETME ÖĞRETİMİNDE EVRİM VE İLGİ ÇEKİCİ SENTEZ ÖRNEĞİ: ALİ HAYDAR AKSOY
Authors: YÜKSEL Ali Sait
Published: January 2020

Die trennutug des Faches der Betriebswirtsclıaft von der Lelıre der Allgemeinen Volkswirtschaft hat schon auch in der Turkei in den 30 er Jahren begonnen. Die damaligen „Imigranten-professoren“ aııs dem „III Reich“ wie z.B. Alfred Isaac u.a. haben hierzu besondere Beitraege geleistct, worauf in der Turkei auch heute noch gerne und mit Genugtuung Bezug genommen wird. Bei der
Betriebsmrtschftslehere der damlaigen Handelsund Wirtschaftsakademien in der Turkei gab es eine dann eine weitere wesentlich Etappe. İm Rahmen eines besonderen Kooperationsabkommens zwischen der Akademien und der Michigan State Universty wurden dann zahliehe wischschaftliehen Mitarbeiterlennen zur Vertiefung ihrer betriebsıvirtschaftlichen Kenntnisse nach den USA geschickt.
TÜRKİYE VE ALMANYA’DA SOSYAL DEĞİŞİMİN ORGANİZE SPORA ETKİSİ
Authors: ATALAY Ayşe
Published: January 2020

Sports is a social organization. Social change is noy only reflected to ali social organizations but also to the way that sports is organized. İn this concept, if we compare Turkey and Germany, it is possible to see that social change deeply affects the way that sports is organized in botlı coııntry where conditions are different. İn both countries there have been always times when sports organizations were forbidden. In both countries, sportive organizations are toııght to be ideological means governed by the single- party government of those times though its essence and purpose are different. Position of sports against Central governments vary according to the characteristics of the regime, however, the regime, however, the general thought we come accros when we think of the position of sportive organizations with respect to socio-econonıic conditions in both countries is the fact that sports can find the chance to realize its main function only in democratic regimes where it is indepented from the government.
MİKRO BİLGİSAYARLARDA VERİ TABANI YÖNETİMİ TEMEL KAVRAMLAR VE MICROSOFT ACCESS’DE VERİ TABANI ORGANİZASYONU
Authors: AYYILDIZ Bülent
Published: January 2020

Fields, which are the smallest, meaningfıd units, come together to form records, and records, either of the same content or same group, come together to form fileş or tables. Fileş or tables of the same System form the database, and database management system is the name given to the programs that are developed to create and manage databases.
Nowadays there are various database management systems developed for lise in microcomputers. One of them is Microsoft Access, Microsoft Access as a database management system, is a very efficient, -productive and convenient means both in unprofessional and professionnal applications.
İŞLETME BAŞARISIZLIKLARININ ÖNCEDEN TAHMİNİNDE KULLANILAN; FİNANSAL TABLO ANALİZİ VE FİNANSAL ORANLARIN ERKEN UYARI SİSTEMİ OLARAK KULLANILMASI VE İSTATİSTİKSEL YÖNTEMLER
Authors: FIRLAR Talat
Published: January 2020

In this article, statistical figures financial failure of the companies and associations, which can not be guessed before, will be evaluated theoretically. And general warnings should be stated before.
İŞLETMELERDE DEĞERİNDEN KAYBETMİŞ STOKLARIN DEĞERLEMESİ, DEĞER DÜZELTİM TUTARININ HESAPLANMASI VE TEKDÜZEN HESAP PLANINA GÖRE MUHASEBE KAYITLARI
Authors: İBİŞ Cemal
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this paper is to examine the valuation and value adjustments of substandard inventories according to Turkish Tax Procedures Law, Turkish Trade Code, Turkish Capital Market Board Regulations and International Accounting Standards. Additionally we mil examine how to book the value adjustments according to Turkish Uniform Accounting System.
DRAMANIN, OKUL ÖNCESİ DÖNEM ÇOCUKLARININ KAVRAM ÖĞRENMELERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: TUZCUOĞLU Necla , KAMARAJ İşık , ÖNDER Alev
Published: January 2020

The aim of this research was to examine the effects of drama activities on 3,5-4 year old pre-school childeren's conceptual learninig. The subjects were 26 pre-school children attending at the two pre-schools of Marmara University, situated in Göztepe and Haydarpaşa campuses. Children were assigued to the control and experimental groups randomly. A program consisted of some drama activities aiming conceptual learninig was applied in experimental group. The measurements of conceptual learning were carried out in both groups before and after the program. The results revealed that children in experimantal group had benefited from the program.
EĞİTİM SÜRECİNDE KİŞİLERARASI İLETİŞİM
Authors: ÖNDER Alev
Published: January 2020

In this paper, the educational process at school was reviewed considering interpersonal communication. At first it was underlined how interpersonal communication plays a role in face to face education at schools. İn addition, some ideas of general theory of interpersonal communication such as empathy, to-way communication, non-verbal communication and seating arrangements were discussed.
İŞLETME KÜLTÜRÜNÜN ALT KADEME YÖNETİCİLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: BİR ÖRNEK OLAY ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: ÇIRPAN Hüseyin , KOYUNCU Mustafa
Published: January 2020

Organizational culture, defined as shared vahıes by all employees, has an impact on the employees’ values, attitudes, and behaviors. Organizations attract employees who would fit to the evisting culture In the same way, job seekers tend to apply to firms in which they think they can fit This article examines the effects of organizational culture on supervisors.
BİR İŞLETME PROBLEMİNİN PARAMETRİK PROGRAMLAMA TEKNİĞİ İLE ÇÖZÜMÜ
Authors: KOÇAK Habib
Published: January 2020

Operations Research techniques as a decision unit seek mathernatical Solutions for business problems. Firm has an a imfunction described with mathernatical symbols. Parametric Programming, examines the aim function över time İn this study optimum production planning model has examined with Parametric Programming technique.
DİN VE SAN’AT
Authors: ER Hamit
Published: January 2020

Religion and art, both drive people and society to find out the best one, the rnost beautiful one and the happiest tlıings. In this aspect these two help to people how they achieve the happy and nice result. We try to explain how religion and art help people to make thern happier.
YENİ ÜRÜNLERİN PERFORMANSININ ÖLÇÜMÜNDE KULLANILABİLECEK KRİTERLER
Authors: ARSLAN Müge
Published: January 2020

In the highly competitive business world, the development of new products is compulsory. However, developing new products is very risky and expensive. Therefore, a company must ensure that the newly developed product may be successful in the market. For this reason, the company must conduct detailed research analyses before and after developing a product. One way of reaching success and reducing risk is by examining the impact of product innovativeness on product performance. This paper ainıs to develop the criteria which may be used to measure the performance of products.
PAZARLAMA PROGRAMLARININ MEDYA PLANLARINA ETKİSİ
Authors: TIĞLI Mehmet
Published: January 2020

As it is known, marketing strategies include target market choice and development of marketing programs. Development of Marketing program constitutes the plaıts for each one of the 4Ps. Media Planning is an important plinse of the advertising program which aims to reach the target market at the right time or place. Marketing Programs affect media decisions from the viewpoint of product, price, place and promotion. This article provides a conceptual framework about the relationship between media planning and marketing programs.
A Review on Clinical, Pathophysiological, and Diagnostic Hematological Features in Children With Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Shahramian Iraj , Tabrizian Kaveh , Delaramnasab Mojtaba , Khosravi Bonjar Ali , Dehghani Seyed Mohsen , Sargazi-Aval Omolbanin , Bazi Ali
Published: January 2020

Appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic measures for liver cirrhosis is critical, particularly in children. In the present review, a comprehensive approach was provided toward hematological parameters in pediatric liver cirrhosis. The literature search included MeSH terms "liver cirrhosis" and "hepatic cirrhosis" and databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched up until December 2017. Hematologic changes in the liver cirrhosis mainly encompassed anemia and coagulopathies. In addition, bleeding diathesis was considered as the most clinical complication in these patients. In addition to reduced coagulation factors, hyperfibrinolysis is a common feature in childhood cirrhosis and may be an important contributor to the risk of bleeding. Based on the results, children with liver cirrhosis also demonstrated a procoagulant state at laboratory and clinical levels. This may be partly due to a reduction in coagulation inhibitors such as anti-thrombin, C1 inhibitor, and α1-antitrypsin in children with cirrhosis. The portal vein thrombosis and portal hypertension are considered as the most clinical presentations of the hypercoagulable state. Further, children with liver cirrhosis complicated with portal hypertension usually show leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia due to hypersplenism. Although the etiology of childhood and adult cirrhosis may be different, their hematological compilations and clinicopathological features are somehow similar.
The Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Origanum majorana L. Leaf Extract
Authors: Es-haghi Ali , Aseyd Nezhad Saynaz
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Free radicals have singlet electron in their outer layer rendering them high reactivity against biomolecules (i.e., DNA, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids). Oxidative stress is created when the production of free radicals exceeds their removal by antioxidant systems and is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases such as diabetes, arthritis, inflammatory conditions, and various cancers. Regarding the therapeutic potential of nanoparticles (NPs) in human diseases, the purpose of this study was to synthesize cerium oxide NPs using Origanum majorana leaf extract. Methods: Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 -NPs) were synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of O. majorana. The sizes of NPs were characterized by a particle size analyzer. The antioxidant properties of the CeO2 -NPs were determined by Ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The anti-inflammatory effects of the NPs were also determined by measuring gene expressions of IL-1β and IL-10 using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The CeO2 -NPs were successfully synthesized using O. majorana leaf extract. The results of FRAP assay showed that the anti-oxidant activities of CeO2 -NPs at concentrations of 50, 100, and 400 μg/mL were 75%, 77.1%, and 94.5%, respectively. Moreover, interleukin 10 (IL-10) gene expressions increased by 4.6 folds while the expression of IL-1β gene decreased by 0.75-fold in HUVECs. Conclusion: The CeO2 -NPs synthesized using the aqueous extract of O. majorana demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, these NPs can be used as potential therapeutic agents in medicine.
Compositional and antioxidant analysis of peels from different banana varieties (Musa spp.) for their possible use in developing enriched flours
Authors: Gómez Montaño Francisco Javier , Bolado García Victoria Eugenia , Blasco López Gabriela
Published: January 2020

The banana peel represents about 30% of the fruit, it is discarded and could be used for food development, due to its chemical and antioxidant composition. It is rich in fiber, proteins, essential amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, potassium and in phenolic compounds; which could be used in the treatment of certain types of cancer and coronary heart disease. The objective was to bromatologically evaluate banana peels of five different varieties, as well as their antioxidant activity and sensory acceptance for use in food fortification. Bromatological and antioxidant capacity analyzes of five banana varieties (roatán, macho, morado, manzano, and dominico), cereal flour formulation for product generation and sensory evaluation of the food product were performed. The macho banana peel obtained the highest values for protein, fiber and ethereal extract; presented a high antioxidant capacity for ABTS•+ and DPPH• methods. The five varieties of banana peel showed the presence of linoleic and linolenic fatty acids. The macho banana peel, obtained a high presence of essential amino acids. Products with banana peel flour were made with three other flours, where interaction with cornmeal was the best. The sensory evaluation was made with a nacho-type snack, the results showed tendency neither I like nor dislike for attributes of smell, color and flavor. A series of applications for the banana peel were generated to help its production chain and increase food availability.
Bacterial foraging optimization algorithm with mutation to solve constrained problems
Authors: Hernández-Ocaña Betania , Hernández-Torruco José , Chávez-Bosquez Oscar , Canul-Reich Juana , Montané-Jiménez Luis Gerardo
Published: January 2020

A simple version of a Swarm Intelligence algorithm called bacterial foraging optimization algorithm with mutation and dynamic stepsize (BFOAM-DS) is proposed. The bacterial foraging algorithm has the ability to explore and exploit the search space through its chemotactic operator. However, premature convergence is a disadvantage. This proposal uses a mutation operator in a swim, similar to evolutionary algorithms, combined with a dynamic stepsize operator to improve its performance and allows a better balance between the exploration and exploitation of the search space. BFOAM-DS was tested in three well-known engineering design optimization problems. Results were analyzed with basic statistics and common measures for nature-inspired constrained optimization problems to evaluate the behavior of the swim with a mutation operator and the dynamic stepsize operator. Results were compared against a previous version of the proposed algorithm to conclude that BFOAM-DS is competitive and better than a previous version of the algorithm.
Sensibilidad in vitro de hongos fitopatógenos causantes de enfermedades en fresa a controladores biológicos y fungicidas, en el estado de Guanajuato, México
Authors: Pérez Moreno Luis Roberto , Pérez-Moreno Luis , Guzmán-Mendoza Rafael , Sanzón-Gómez Diana , Belmonte-Vargas José Roberto
Published: January 2020

Se evaluó la respuesta in vitro de un aislado de los hongos Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp., Rhizoctonia solani, a 16 agentes biológicos (AB), ocho fungicidas y un testigo. Se usó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con arreglo factorial. El factor A correspondió a los aislados del hongo y el factor B a los productos de control. La comparación de medias se realizó con la prueba de Tukey (p < 0.05). Se hizo la evaluación del crecimiento promedio radial micelial en centímetros (Cprm) cada 24 h durante 11 días. En cualquier caso, no se encontró efecto, solo o en interacción con los agentes de control. Dicloran, Tebuconazol y Cyprodinil-Fludioxonil inhibieron el crecimiento micelial de todos los aislados de los hongos con un promedio final de 1.0 Cprm, y en mayor proporción que los agentes biológicos. Los AB que propiciaron el menor crecimiento micelial de los aislados fueron: Trichoderma sp., Trichoderma harzianum, Microorganismos y Trichoderma viridae.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 439 ferritic stainless steel welds without filler metal
Authors: Salgado López Juan Manuel , Preud homme Marc , Lopez Monroy Francisco , Ojeda Elizarráraz Jose Luis , Toscano Giles Arturo
Published: January 2020

In literature, it has been reported that a current intensity lower than 120 A leads to a microstructure without grain growth in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of ferritic stainless steel welds. Nevertheless, in technical literature there is little information about the reduction in mechanical properties of ferritic stainless steel welds without filler metal due to grain growth in the HAZ. In this work, thin plates of ferritic stainless 439 steel were welded using pulse current gas tungsten arc welding (P-GTAW) without filler metal. The microstructures in the HAZ were analyzed and the mechanical properties on the welded joint were found by tensile test. This was carried out by cutting samples for the tensile test from the weldments and then tested in a universal testing machine. The fracture surface were observed using scanning electron microscope.
Narrativas del dolor: factores individuales y contextuales en el trastorno de síntomas somáticos
Authors: Bernáldez Jaimes Germán Benito , Oudhof van Barneveld Johannes , Robles Estrada Erika , Domínguez Espinosa Alejandra Del Carmen
Published: January 2020

El trastorno de síntomas somáticos (TSS) se define como la presencia de síntomas de carácter fisiológico sin explicación sobre su génesis, aunado a preocupaciones constantes relacionadas a la salud que afectan la vida de la persona. El objetivo del presente estudio cualitativo es identificar mediante un análisis narrativo los factores individuales y contextuales que aumentan la presencia de esta psicopatología en seis pacientes clínicos de la ciudad de Toluca México con TSS, quienes aceptaron mediante consentimiento informado participar en el estudio mediante entrevistas a profundidad basadas en la personalidad, pensamientos automáticos, afrontamiento del estrés, sucesos vitales y la percepción de crianza. Se concluye que el neuroticismo e introversión aunados a la percepción de falta de apoyo y orientación familiar, la presencia de ideas de culpa, la autocritica, la restricción emocional y la revaloración positiva como factores comunes en los participantes con el trastorno acrecientan la percepción de la enfermedad y merman sus relaciones vitales.
Retos y oportunidades para una gestión eficiente de los servicios de agua potable, saneamiento y electricidad en la República Dominicana
Authors: Medrano Pérez Ojilve Ramón
Published: January 2020

Los servicios de agua potable, saneamiento y electricidad son indispensables para la mejora de la salud humana, la reducción de la pobreza y la exclusión social, el bienestar, la alimentación, el crecimiento y desarrollo económico, entre otros. Así, la equidad, eficiencia y sostenibilidad en el acceso a ambos servicios son un requisito previo para el desarrollo sostenible y la consecución de cada uno de estos objetivos. El estudio desarrollado sobre la prestación de los servicios de agua potable, saneamiento y electricidad tiene como objetivo identificar y describir variables que afectan una provisión eficiente y proponer una línea de investigación y trabajo sobre estas mismas. Para ello, se ha descrito el estado de la gestión y prestación mediante una sistematización de datos técnicos e información actualizada; también, se han caracterizado los factores relevantes en las dimensiones político-institucionales, económicas y sociales que, más allá del tradicional enfoque técnico, afectan la prestación eficiente de estos servicios en el país. Los resultados muestran que existen una serie de variables en lo político-institucional, económico y social que afectan la calidad de estos servicios.
El huevo de traspatio: características físicas y desempeño en pruebas de incubación artificial
Authors: Camacho-Escobar Marco Antonio , Vélez-Barrada Adelina , Jerez-Salas Martha Patricia , García-Lopez Juan Carlos , López-Garrido Serafín Jacobo , Sánchez-Bernal Edgar Iván , Galicia-Jiménez Monica Marcela , Ávila-Serrano Narciso Ysac
Published: January 2020

El huevo de traspatio es de tamaño variable, en comparación con el huevo incubable comercial. El objetivo fue incubar huevo de traspatio para conocer las características físicas y desempeño en pruebas de incubación artificial. Se incubaron 1129 huevos: 1002 de gallinas criollas, 68 de gallinas araucanas y 59 de pava. Las variables evaluadas fueron peso, eje longitudinal, diámetro máximo polar, diámetro ecuatorial, diámetro mínimo polar e índice de forma, cascarón quebrado o cascarón sucio, fertilidad, incubabilidad y mortalidad embrionaria total, temprana, intermedia y tardía. El huevo de pava tuvo mayor peso, eje longitudinal, diámetro máximo polar, diámetro ecuatorial, diámetro mínimo polar y fertilidad (p < 0.05), también tuvo menor índice de forma que los huevos de gallina criolla y gallina araucana (p < 0.05). El huevo de gallina araucana presentó mayor incubabilidad y menor mortalidad embrionaria total (p < 0.05). Las características y desempeño del huevo criollo son diferentes al huevo incubable; por ello, los criterios de uniformidad e incubación comercial no le son, precisamente, adecuados para la incubación.
Herpetofaunal diversity in a tropical dry forest on the Central Coast of Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: García Grajales Jesús , López-López Yolanda , Buenrostro Silva Alejandra
Published: January 2020

The dry forest is an ecosystem with a relatively high diversity of species. It is also one of the most threatened habitats. This research was carried out between January and November 2010 aiming to describe species richness, composition, and conservation status of the herpetofauna in the Yerbasanta micro-basin in the Central Coast of Oaxaca. Standard visual encounter surveys were used to observe herpetofaunal community in four locations of the micro-basin. Five amphibian species and 37 reptiles species were found. The Shannon-Wienner index showed that Pueblo Viejo had the highest value of diversity, followed by Unión, and the remainder localities had lower values. The similarity index was moderate between locations. Among the registered species, 12 can be classified under some conservation status. These results also suggest that this region can maintain a significant number of herpetofauna species. Additionally, this research represents baseline information that contributes to other studies.
Operador potencia como testigo de la decoherencia en la ejecución de la compuerta de Toffoli en una computadora cuántica de diamante
Authors: Soberanes Fabián , Ávila Manuél
Published: January 2020

La computadora cuántica de diamante ha sido empleada exitosamente en diversos protocolos de información cuántica. Es usado un Hamiltoniano(H) típico de 3-qubits que componen una computadora cuántica de diamante, el cual consiste de términos diagonales y pulsos de Rabi que generan el giro de los espines de la compuerta de Toffoli. De tal Hamiltoniano es derivado el operador potencia  y calculado su valor promedio como función del tiempo. Al resolver numéricamente la ecuación de Schroedinger, se demuestra que la compuerta de Toffoli no se ejecuta y que el operador potencia es testigo de la decoherencia de la ejecución de la compuerta Toffoli. Al depender el Hamiltoniano del tiempo, hay un intercambio de energía del sistema de tres qubits con el medio. Lo anterior induce la decoherencia del sistema. Se concluye que la tecnología de pulsos de Rabi tiene limitaciones.
Cambios estacionales en la concentración de azúcares solubles en órganos perennes de nogal [(Carya illinoiensis (Wangenh.) Koch)]
Authors: Valenzuela-Núñez Luis Manuel , Briceño-Contreras Edwin Amir , Esparza-Rivera Juan Ramón , García-De la Peña Cristina , Rodríguez-Bautista Geremías , Núñez-Colima Juan Antonio
Published: January 2020

El transporte de azúcares de tejidos de asimilación a tejidos de reserva determina el crecimiento o el almacenamiento reproductivo vegetal. El objetivo fue determinar las concentraciones de azúcares solubles en nogal pecanero crecidos en una huerta ubicada en Torreón, Coahuila, durante las etapas de producción y letargo. Se tomaron muestras de raíz, tallo, rama y brote emitido del año (crecimiento anual) en cuatro árboles adultos. Durante el letargo se observaron mayores concentraciones de azúcares solubles que durante la etapa de producción. La raíz y los brotes anuales tuvieron concentraciones similares, más altas que los otros dos órganos. La menor concentración se encontró siempre en las ramas. El tallo presentó una concentración similar a las ramas durante la etapa de producción, mientras que, en la etapa de letargo, el tallo tuvo mayor concentración de azúcares que las ramas. A pesar de que la raíz presenta las mayores concentraciones de azúcares solubles, el tallo, por su tamaño, acumula la mayor cantidad de azúcares totales a nivel de todo el árbol. Se estimó que el porcentaje de los azúcares solubles del total del carbono contenido en la biomasa representa un valor porcentual de 66%.
Identification of Microstructures in 3-D–Printed Ti-6Al-4V Using Acoustic Emission Cepstrum
Authors: Nakkina Tapan Ganatma , Iquebal Ashif Sikandar , Gorthi Rama Krishna Sai S. , Bukkapatnam Satish
Published: January 2020

Recent advances in smart hybrid machine tools allow the manufacturing of components with materials discovered on demand from certain common material precursors. Imperative to on-demand material discovery is the ability to probe and characterize the microstructure and salient properties of the materials as they are created. The article focuses on harnessing the complex spectral characteristics of high-resolution acoustic emission (AE) sensor signal generated during a nanoindentation-based scanning probe lithography process to classify the different surface microstructure types of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V components. We demonstrate that the low-frequency mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) provide highly informative signatures of the AE processes to make inferences about the microstructures. We also show that unlike the well-known time-frequency features of AE, including those gathered via spectrograms, the MFCC compactly capture the variation of the energies of different frequency bands and enable classification of different microstructure types with as simple classifier as logistic regression. Via extensive nanoindentation experiments and analysis of the AE signals, we identify the specific MFCCs that are most important for discriminating between two different microstructure types of Ti-6Al-4V with accuracies estimated via extensive cross-validation close to 100 %. The proposed approach of using MFCCs offers a fast and efficient way of identifying different microstructure types of a given material system compared with conventional approaches, such as X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.
Mobilidade político-religiosa na vida de Jerônimo de Stridon
Authors: Taborda Andréia Rosin Caprino
Published: January 2020

Entre as várias formas existentes de mobilidade no âmbito histórico, apresentamos neste artigo sobretudo a mobilidade política e religiosa na vida de um personagem que viveu no século IV e V d.C.: Jerônimo de Stridon. A sua atuação enquanto homem altamente erudito, produtor de diversas obras cristãs, as suas extensas viagens por terras ocidentais e orientais, a assunção de cargos importantes na sociedade romano-helenística e as pessoas com as quais conviveu, apontam para uma forte movimentação em sua trajetória, característica do período em questão, a Antiguidade Tardia. O percurso de Jerônimo enquanto um indivíduo híbrido - cristão devoto de formação clássica pagã, e homem político e religioso atuante em seu contexto, representam as particularidades da época tardo-antiga romano-oriental, sendo a mais importante, ao nosso ver, a intensa efervescência de ideias dentro de um panorama de transformações e readaptações.Palavras-chave: Jerônimo de Stridon, Mobilidade político-religiosa, Antiguidade Tardia. AbstractAmong the many existing ways of mobility in the historical ambit, in this article we present mainly the political and religious mobility into the life of a person who lived in the IV and V centuries b.C.: Jerome of Stridon. His acting as highly erudite man, writer of many christian works, his extense travels in western and eastern lands, the assumption in important functions in the roman-helenical society and the people he lived with, point to a strong movimentation in his trajectory, characteristic of the period in point, the Late Antiquity. Jerome’s path as a hybrid individual – devout christian with a classic pagan formation, and active political and religious man on his context, represent the particularities of the late-ancient roman-oriental age, being the most important, in our perspective, the intense effervescence of ideas inside of a panorama of transformations and readaptations.Key-words: Jerome of Stridon, Political-religious mobility, Late Antiquity.
Processos de invisibilização das mulheres na atividade pesqueira nas legislações brasileiras entre 1846-1990
Authors: Mendes Beatriz Lourenço , Silva Gabriel Ferreira da , Ferreira Felipe Nóbrega
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho se dedica ao estudo dos elementos que ocasionaram a invisibilização do trabalho das mulheres na pesca artesanal. Para tanto, realiza-se uma análise da legislação pesqueira brasileira desde o momento do reconhecimento institucional das Colônias, por meio da inscrição marítima, em 1846, até a década de 1990, apontando quem era considerado o sujeito de direitos da pesca perante o Estado neste período, se homem ou mulher. Também se analisa a dupla jornada de trabalho das mulheres como elemento determinante para a falta de reconhecimento profissional destas. As principais fontes bibliográficas utilizadas foram as legislações pertinentes ao assunto e cadernetas de registro de pesca da Colônia Z-1, na cidade de Rio Grande, bem como a literatura científica sobre o tema. Em última instância, a pesquisa busca apontar que, não obstante a participação histórica da mulher pescadora e da trabalhadora da pesca na cadeia produtiva da pesca, ainda hoje estas enfrentam dificuldade para o reconhecimento profissional e para a aquisição de direitos sociais decorrentes do labor na atividade pesqueira.Palavras-chave: Pesca Artesanal, Invisibilização, Gênero AbstractThis work is dedicated to the study of elements that caused the invisibility of women's work in artisanal fishing. To this end, an analysis of Brazilian fisheries legislation is carried out from the moment of the institutional recognition of the colonies, by maritime registration, in 1846, until the 1990s, pointing out who was considered the subject of fishing rights before the State in this period. period, whether male or female. It also analyzes the double workday of women as a determining element for their lack of professional recognition. The main bibliographic sources used were the pertinent legislation and fishing logbooks of Colony Z-1, in the city of Rio Grande, as well as the scientific literature on the subject. Ultimately, the research aims to point out that, despite the historical participation of fisher women and fishing workers in the fisheries production chain, they still face difficulties for professional recognition and the acquisition of social rights resulting from labor in the activity fishing.Keywords: Artisanal Fishing, Invizibilization, Gender
Context-Dependent Coding of Temporal Distance Between Cinematic Events in the Human Precuneus
Authors: Foudil Samy-Adrien , Kwok Sze Chai , Macaluso Emiliano
Published: January 2020

How temporal and contextual information interactively impact on behavior and brain activity during the retrieval of temporal order about naturalistic episodes remains incompletely understood. Here, we used fMRI to examine the effects of contextual signals derived from the content of the movie on the neural correlates underlying memory retrieval of temporal-order in human subjects of both sexes. By contrasting SAME versus DIFF storyline conditions during the retrieval of the temporal order of cinematic events, we found that the activation in the precuneus, as well as behavior, are significantly modulated according to storyline condition, supporting our prediction of contextual information contributing to temporal retrieval. We suggest that the precuneus engages in memory retrieval via reconstructive mechanisms, entailing search within a movie-specific, situational knowledge-structure. Furthermore, information-based analyses of multivoxel activity revealed that the precuneus also contains a context-independent linear representation of temporal distances, consistent with a chronological organization of memory traces. We thus put forward that the retrieval of the temporal-order of naturalistic events encoded in rich and dynamic contexts relies on the joint contribution of chronological and reconstructive mechanisms, both of which rely on the medioposterior parietal cortex in humans.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSuccessful retrieval of episodic memory is dependent on both temporal and contextual signals. However, when contextual signals derived from multiple storylines or narratives are complex and intertwined, the behavioral and neural correlates underpinning the interplay between time and context is not completely understood. Here we characterized the activation level and multivoxel pattern of BOLD signals underlying the modulation of such contextual information during temporal order judgment in the precuneus. Our findings provide us with an elucidation of subprocesses implicating the medial parietal cortex in realizing temporal organization of episodic details.
Robust Rate-Place Coding of Resolved Components in Harmonic and Inharmonic Complex Tones in Auditory Midbrain
Authors: Su Yaqing , Delgutte Bertrand
Published: January 2020

Harmonic complex tones (HCTs) commonly occurring in speech and music evoke a strong pitch at their fundamental frequency (F0), especially when they contain harmonics individually resolved by the cochlea. When all frequency components of an HCT are shifted by the same amount, the pitch of the resulting inharmonic tone (IHCT) can also shift, although the envelope repetition rate is unchanged. A rate-place code, whereby resolved harmonics are represented by local maxima in firing rates along the tonotopic axis, has been characterized in the auditory nerve and primary auditory cortex, but little is known about intermediate processing stages. We recorded single-neuron responses to HCT and IHCT with varying F0 and sound level in the inferior colliculus (IC) of unanesthetized rabbits of both sexes. Many neurons showed peaks in firing rate when a low-numbered harmonic aligned with the neuron's characteristic frequency, demonstrating “rate-place” coding. The IC rate-place code was most prevalent for F0 > 800 Hz, was only moderately dependent on sound level over a 40 dB range, and was not sensitive to stimulus harmonicity. A spectral receptive-field model incorporating broadband inhibition better predicted the neural responses than a purely excitatory model, suggesting an enhancement of the rate-place representation by inhibition. Some IC neurons showed facilitation in response to HCT relative to pure tones, similar to cortical “harmonic template neurons” (Feng and Wang, 2017), but to a lesser degree. Our findings shed light on the transformation of rate-place coding of resolved harmonics along the auditory pathway.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHarmonic complex tones are ubiquitous in speech and music and produce strong pitch percepts when they contain frequency components that are individually resolved by the cochlea. Here, we characterize a “rate-place” code for resolved harmonics in the auditory midbrain that is more robust across sound levels than the peripheral rate-place code and insensitive to the harmonic relationships among frequency components. We use a computational model to show that inhibition may play an important role in shaping the rate-place code. Our study fills a major gap in understanding the transformations in neural representations of resolved harmonics along the auditory pathway.