bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of Organization and Application of Active Balancing Cells with Extended Triggering Range of Shunt Circuits Keys in Ionistor Modules and Storage Devices of Joint-Stock Company “Elecond”
Authors: Chikurov T.G. , Kibardin M.V. , Shirokih S.L.
Published: December 2021

The solution of the problem of the deficit of voltage level for the complete unlocking of MOSFETs used as keys in the shunt circuits of the cells of the active balancing of ionistor storage devices is given. In particular, a revision of the widespread two-pole circuit of the active balancing cell of the ionistor consisting of a comparison circuit and a shunt circuit with a key on the MOSFET is presented. The relevance of the problem is confirmed by the results of the analysis of the characteristics of the key MOSFETs at the level of the unlocking voltage of 2.5...2.7 V from the output of the comparison circuit. It is shown that this voltage is not sufficient to provide the channel resistance corresponding to a fully open transistor and the flow of the specified shunt currents in the entire range of external influencing factors (VVF), especially when exposed to a reduced temperature from plus 15 to minus 60 °C. The solution presented in the paper for finalizing the circuit of the active balancing cell is that voltage boost circuits are introduced between the comparison node and the shunt circuit. Their use allows you to increase the voltage at the gate of the key MOSFET by two, three, four, etc. times, which ensures the reliable operation of the shunt circuit key for different shunt currents. A special feature of the developed cell circuits is the three-pole switching, in which an additional output is connected to the adjacent ionistor cell. This method of switching on the developed active balancing cells provides doubling of the unlocking voltage on the gate and is sufficient for reliable unlocking of the key on the MOSFET at all shunt currents at the level of the charging voltage of the ionistors in the storage device 2.5...2.7 V. For shunt currents of the order of tens of amperes, it is shown that it is necessary to switch to a quasi-four-pole switching of the developed active balancing cell due to the separation of the supply power circuits (measuring circuits) of the comparison circuit and the power buses of the level-up circuit with the shunt circuit. The methods of switching on the developed cells that allow multiplying the unlocking voltage at the gate of the key MOSFET by three, four or more times are shown. The schemes and criteria for the necessity of applying such inclusion are given. Practical testing of the developed three-pole and quasi-four-pole active balancing cells, carried out on the ionistor NEE of JSC “Elecond”, showed satisfactory stability and performance under the influence of the entire set of VVF.
Modelling and Control Design for Full Bridge DC-DC Converter
Authors: Bobade Prasannata S.
Published: December 2021

Abstract: In this paper, modeling and analysis of full bridge dc-dc converter is present using state space averaging technique. Isolated dc-dc converter is widely used in power applications. Mainly full bridge dc-dc converter is used where high power and high voltage required. The transformer is used here to produce a higher voltage in secondary voltage side. PI controller is used to stabilize the output of the converter. Simulation is done for getting different outputs by giving same input. To observe the stability and transient response results are obtained using matlab simulink. Keywords: Full Bridge, DC-DC converter, state space, isolated, transient response.
Covid-19 epidēmijas ietekme uz gados vecāku cilvēku veselību Latvijā
Authors: Reine Ieva , Miķelsone Madara , Koroļeva Ilze , Sniķere Sigita
Published: December 2021

Lielāka varbūtība piedzīvot psihoemocionālos traucējumus ir sievietēm, kā arī cilvēkiem, kuri savu veselības stāvokli vērtē kā sliktu vai drīzāk sliktu un kuri ir vai jūtas vientuļi
Latvijas interneta ziņu portālu komentētāju verbālās agresivitātes līmenis Covid-19 pandēmijas laikā (2020–2021)
Authors: Rožukalne Anda
Published: December 2021

Lai gan verbālā agresivitāte latviešu valodā pandēmijas ārkārtas situācijā pieaugusi, tomēr pandēmijas apstākļi nav nozīmīgi mainījuši komentētāju verbālās agresivitātes līmeni
Latvijas Universitātes Fizikas un matemātikas fakultātes sākums
Authors: Jansons Jānis
Published: December 2021

Fizikas un matemātikas fakultātes nodalīšana bija neizbēgama, jo fizika un matemātika pagājušajā gadsimta vidū ļoti strauji attīstījās. Studentu skaits bija desmitkāršojies
Akadēmiskā mūžorganizācija Fraternitas Rusticana simtgadē
Authors: Pelkaus Elmārs
Published: December 2021

2021. gada novembra sākumā savu 100. gadskārtu svin viena no Latvijas brīvvalsts sākumgados dibinātajām studentu organizācijām – Fraternitas Rusticana.
Devastating Salt-wasting Crisis in a Four-month-old Male Child with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, Highlighting the Essence of Neonatal Screening
Authors: Reddy Nagaspurthy , Sharma Sucheta , Das Mainak , Kapoor Ashutosh , Maskey Upasana
Published: December 2021

Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in males usually presents late
until before puberty, but rarely at birth. In cases of undiagnosed CAH,
severe deficiency of cortisol may lead to life threatening situation in
an infant with acute salt losing crisis. Screening for CAH at birth can
lead to better outcomes.
Ottimizzazione dei sistemi biologici avanzati per il trattamento delle emissioni climalteranti
Authors: Monteleone Giuseppina
Published: December 2021

Le emissioni di gas climalteranti in atmosfera hanno subito un
incremento nel tempo dovuto principalmente all’aumento demografico e ai
processi di industrializzazione. Esse contribuiscono all’effetto serra
quindi all’aumento delle temperature. La CO è il
principale gas climalterante, oggi si stima una concentrazione di circa
410 ppm ed entro la fine del secolo  può superare 550 ppm con un aumento
della temperatura media globale superiore a 2 °C. Bisogna intervenire
con tecnologie in grado di ridurre le concentrazioni di
CO nelle emissioni. L’attività di ricerca si è
focalizzata sull’ottimizzazione di una tecnologia innovativa per la
cattura di CO ed il simultaneo recupero di biomassa. Il
sistema, brevettato dal gruppo di Ingegneria Sanitaria Ambientale (SEED)
dell’Università degli Studi di Salerno, prevede l’impiego di
microrganismi fotosintetici in grado di fissare CO. È
stato predisposto il funzionamento in parallelo di due fotobioreattori
algali, ognuno sottoposto ad una diversa lunghezze d’onda, bianca e
viola. Risultati migliori, in termini di efficienza di cattura e
produzione di biomassa, si sono ottenuti con lunghezza d’onda viola.
Golding'in Serbest Düşüş Romanının Kurgusal Otobiyografi ve Travma Anlatısı Olar
Authors: Kirca Mustafa
Published: December 2021

İngiliz romancı William Golding’in 1959 yılında basılan ve Türkçeye ancak 2019’da Serbest Düşüş başlığı ile çevrilen eseri, roman başkişisi ve anlatıcısı Samuel Montjoy’un kronolojiyi takip etmeden kaleme aldığı otobiyografisi üzerinden sürdürdüğü geçmişini irdelemesiyle ortaya çıkan kişilik sorgulamasını ve kişiliğini yeniden şekillendirme çabasını konu edinir. Montjoy’un anlatısı, anılarına bir yolculuk, dolayısıyla geçmişte nasıl biri olduğunu ve şimdiki kişiliğini hangi geçmiş olayların şekillendirdiğini anlama serüveni olarak sunulur. Anlatıcı ve otobiyografi yazarı rollerini üstlenen Montjoy, anılarını okuyucusu ve daha önemlisi kendisi için “tutarlı” kabul edilebilecek bir örüntü içerisinde vermeye çabalarken bu çabasının aynı zamanda tutarlı bir kişilik oluşturmak için de olduğunu anlarız. Otobiyografisinde yer verdiği anıları, hayatının farklı evrelerinde kendisi için önem sırasına göre okuyucusuna aktarılır. Bu sayede anlatıcı, kişilik arayışında hatırlama/unutmanın önemine dolaylı da olsa işaret etmiş olur. Hatırlama/unutmaya dayalı bir yapı içerisinde anılarını ele aldığı ve hayat hikayesini okuyucusuna da aynı biçimde aktardığı için ancak zihnimizin ve hatıralarımızın aldatmacaları ile sürekli yeniden yazılan bir benlik oluşturabileceğimiz gerçeğini de ortaya çıkarır. Bu özelliği ile roman, otobiyografi yazımı alanında günümüz anlatı kuramlarına yaklaşmaktadır. Golding’in Serbest Düşüş romanı özgür irade, seçim yapma ve insanın düşüşü gibi konuları ele aldığı için daha çok varoluşçu romanlarla birlikte ve onların kuramsal çerçevesi dahilinde irdelenmiştir. Ancak Golding’in bu romanını otobiyografi yazımı ve kurgusal otobiyografi oluşturma çerçevesinde değerlendiren bu çalışma, roman başkişisinin anılarını yeniden yorumladığı ve onları tutarlı bir kişilik “resmi” yaratabilmek için yeniden şekillendirdiği bir travma anlatısı olarak incelemektir. Montjoy, sadece geçmişte yaptığı seçimleri anlayabilmek ve bugünkü ben’i hangi seçiminin oluşturduğunu bulmak için otobiyografi kaleme almamış, aynı zamanda hep “tam merkezde” var olan kendi karanlığını/kaybını ve bunun yarattığı baş edilmez korkunun nedenini de anlamak için hayatının belki de son evresinde bu işe kalkışmıştır. Romanda bu karanlık anın resmi tam olarak verilmese de kahramanın kendisi için oluşturduğu bu kişisel anlatısı bir “terapi” olarak işlev görür.
Androidler Elektrikli Koyun Düşler mi?: Risk Toplumu ve Distopya
Authors: Seyidoğlu Sadullah
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada, 1968 yılında Philip K. Dick tarafından yazılmış Bilimkurgu türünde kült bir eser olan “Androidler Elektrikli Koyun Düşler mi?” adlı eserin, Ulrich Beck’in “Risk Toplumu” kuramı açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Temel amaç bu olmakla birlikte, eserde “Distopya” özelliklerini taşıyan unsurların, bu bağlamda geçen olayların ve kavramların yorumlanması ve değerlendirilmesi çalışmanın bir diğer amacıdır. Çalışmada, son III. Dünya Savaşı sonrası Postmodern çağda oluşan küresel felaketlerin yol açmış olduğu olaylar ve olgular Risk Toplumu kuramı kapsamında ele alınarak, bahsedilen savaş sonrasında ortaya çıkan risklerin doğal çevrede yol açtığı hasarlar; toplumsal alana yansıyan korkular, endişeler ve gelecek kaygıları irdelenmiştir. Eserin taşıdığı Distopik özellikler incelenmiş, eserde yazarın hayal gücü ve kurgusunun gelecekte gerçekleşmesi beklenen bir kurgu olup olmadığı ayrıca tartışılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular sosyolojik açıdan yorumlanmış, Bilim-kurgu türüne yansıtılmış öğeler Distopik kurgu ve edebi açıdan değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca bu çalışmada, Distopik kurgu ve Ulrich Beck’in Risk Toplumu kuramı açısından elde edilen bulguların karşılaştırılmalı analizleri ortaya konulmuştur.
Afganistan Türkmenlerinde Doğum ve Çocukla İlgili Örf, Adet, İnanç ve Uygulamala
Authors: Gökbel Ahmet
Published: December 2021

Tarih boyunca bir halkın ortaya koyduğu maddi ve manevi değerler bütünü olan kültür, sadece bir miras değil, aynı zamanda yaşayan bir bellektir. Millet olmanın temelinde dil, din ve ideal birliği yatar. Milletler geçmişten günümüze kadar edindikleri kültürel değerlerini koruyup muhafaza ederek gelecek nesillere aktarırlar. Böylece millet olma özelliklerini korurlar.
Son 40 yıldır iç savaşlar ve çatışmalarla boğuşan Afganistan bölgesinde bulunan farklı etnik gruplarda önemli kültürel erozyonlar meydana gelir. Bütün bu değişikliklere 1979’da Rus işgali ile başlayan ve günümüze kadar devam eden sıkıntılar ve karışıklıklar sebep olur. Kültürel miraslar korunamamış veya yanlış bir yola sevk edilir. Bazı dini değerler kültürel olarak kabul edilirken, kültürel değerler dinin yerini alır.
2001 yılından itibaren Afganitan’da Taliban rejiminin devrilmesiyle, hızla ilerleyen teknoloji ve medya, Afganistan toplumunu büyük ölçüde etkisi altına alır. İlk olarak Hint dizileri ve daha sonra Türk dizileri televizyonlar’da yayınlanırken, Afganistan toplumunun geleneksel ve kültürel değerlerinin korunması zorlaşır ve önemli değişikliklere uğramaya başlar. Buna bir de bilinçsiz cep telefonunu eklersek nasıl bir kültürel erozyon yaşandığı görülür.
Afganistan’da yaşayan Türkmenler, her ne kadar aynı sıkıntılara maruz kalıp çalkantılı bir süreçten geçse de yaşadığı bölgeleri büyük ölçüde terk etmemişler ve tarihten gelen gelenek – görenek ve adetlerini ağırlıklı olarak koruyabilmişlerdir.
Bu yazımızda Afganistan’da yaşayan Türkmenlerin tarihine kısaca değindikten sonra Faryab bölgesinde yaşayan Türkmen toplumunun tespit edebildiğimiz doğum ve çocukla ilgili örf, adet, inanç ve uygulamaları verilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Horse Burial in Lombard Italy: Crossing Cultural and Afterlife Boundaries in Social Representation
Authors: Mattioli Irina
Published: December 2021

The custom of horse burial, of foreign extraction, was carried across the Italian borders by the Lombards during their migration in 568 AD. The buried horses are linked to a variety of human remains: not only warriors, but also young women, adult males without weapons, and men who did not possess the osteological markers of warriors. The focus is on one of the most interesting examples in Lombard Italy, the necropolis of Spilamberto, due to the unique association of horses with young ladies. This paper argues that the horses buried in the Italian Lombard necropolises (late sixth / seventh century), were cultural symbols borrowed from the warfare sphere, but primarily used, in death, as emblems of unique status, whether or not there was a factual involvement in warfare-matters during life.
Characterization of landfill deposited sediment from dredging process during different maturation stages
Authors: Dubovina Milos , Grba Nenad , Krcmar Dejan , Agbaba Jasmina , Roncevic Srdjan , Kerkez Djurdja , Dalmacija Bozo
Published: December 2021

A long-term monitoring of deposited sediment in the environment is considered in order to examine the mechanism of incorporation of Cu and Cd into mineral fractions and to investigate their bioavailability during landfill maturation. Using the sequential extraction technique (Community Bureau of Reference, BCR), the dominant presence of Cu and Cd in the oxidation and residual fraction was determined, which suggests a low risk of bioavailability of these metals in the environment. The maturation of the deposited sediment indicates that the Cu and Cd content decreases over time in the exchangeable fraction and increases in the oxidation fraction. X-ray techniques XRF and EDS indicated a prevalence of silicates in the tested samples, which suggests the possibility of presence of silicate compounds that can bind metals and thus convert them into less mobile forms in the sediment. By imaging the samples with a scanning electron microscope SEM, the formation of heterogeneous structures over time was determined, which confirms the formation of new minerals and the potential possibility of incorporating copper and cadmium in them. In order to determine the mineral forms and dominant compounds in the examined sediment samples, X-ray diffraction analysis was applied, and the transformation pathways were explained.
The first find of LBK graphite-coated pottery in Lesser Poland: Więckowice, site 4, Kraków district
Authors: Brzeska-Zastawna Agnieszka , Borowski Michał P. , Zastawny Albert
Published: December 2021

In the years 2006-2011, at the site Więckowice 4, rescue excavations were carried out in the eastern part of anextensive (over 15 ha) multicultural zone. The most numerous are the remains of the LBK settlement from the “music note” phase. The south-eastern part of the settlement was explored, discovering lines of building pits and post holes belonging to 3-4 longhouses. A particularly unique discovery was a fragment of a LBK vessel with powdered graphite preserved on the outer surface. In addition to the LBK ornament of engraved lines, it is decorated in a manner referring to the ornamentation of the Eastern Linear circle (Tiszadob-Kapušany group). The presence of graphite on the vessel wall has been confirmed by the results of SEM-EDS analyses. This is the first such find in Lesser Poland. To comprehensively address the cultural significance of this find we provide an upto-date overview of graphite usage in a wide range of LBK contexts.
Eastern LBK pottery: some observations on forming techniques and symmetrical structure of ornaments (Floreşti and Niezwiska)
Authors: Palaguta Ilia , Starkova Elena
Published: December 2021

There are two collections that are stored in Saint Petersburg originating from the first LBK sites (Floreşti I andNiezwiska) investigated in the USSR during the 1950-60s by Tatiana Passek and Katerina Chernysh. Despite the incompleteness of this material, it allows us to make several observations regarding technical aspects of pottery production and its ornamentation. The production of LBK vessels is based on a coiling with subsequent forming by the “paddle-and-anvil” technique. Principal distinctions between production techniques make it possible to exclude the idea of links between the LBK and the subsequent Precucuteni-Tripolye A culture. The specifics of the forms and techniques of LBK ornamentation allows to propose that such ornamentation originates from non-ceramic prototypes. Additionally, the symmetrical analysis of Eastern LBK ornamentation indicates differences in symmetry preferences between the LBK and Cucuteni-Tripolye populations. According to the hypothesis of D. K. Washburn (2018), such a difference may indicate distinctions in the social structures of these cultures.
Küre Dağları Milli Parkı’nda Uygulanan Kırsal Kalkınma Projelerinin Sonuçlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YILDIZ Damla , ATMIŞ Erdoğan
Published: December 2021

Bartın ve Kastamonu yörelerindeki çeşitli sivil toplum kuruluşlarının (STK) sunduğu beş proje, Küresel Çevre Fonu’nun (GEF) 2008-2012 yıllarını kapsayan Orman Koruma Alanları Yönetiminin Güçlendirilmesi Projesi (PIMS 1998) ve “Örnek Uygulamalar Programı” kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, projeleri desteklenen STK’ların deneyimlerinin incelenmesi ve desteklenen projelerin hangi oranda hayata geçirilebildiğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, söz konusu projelerin başvuru dosyaları ile ara dönem değerlendirme, saha ziyaret ve sonuç raporları incelenmiştir. Buna ek olarak, projelerin uygulandığı sahalarda yüz yüze görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bulgularına göre, söz konusu projeler olan “Ekoturizm Tabanlı Ev Pansiyonculuğunun Geliştirilmesi”, “Elektrikli Çit ile Tarımsal Üretim Alanlarının Korunması”, “Tarımsal Ürün Pazarlamanın İyileştirilmesi”, “Geleneksel Kültürün Korunması ve Kadın Emeğinin Değerlendirilmesi”, “Keten İşlemeciliğinin Desteklenmesi” projelerinin tümünün başarıya ulaştığını ve yöre halkı tarafından sürdürüldüğünü söylemek çok güçtür. Bu tür projelerin hayata geçirilmesinin kolaylaştırılması ve sürdürülebilir kırsal kalkınmanın desteklenebilmesi için yöre halkının bu tür projelere daha etkin katılımını sağlayacak yöntemlerin geliştirilmesi gereklidir.
Properties of Concrete Made from Cupola Furnace Slag and Recycled Construction Aggregates
Authors: Adese A. J. , Olajide O. D. , Olaoyenikan O. A.
Published: December 2021

The replacement of traditional constituents of concrete with waste has garnered a lot of interest due to the increasing demand for natural resources used in concrete production. Hence, this study presents the outcome of an experimental investigation on the effect of partial replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) at percentage levels of 0% to 25% in steps of 5%, partial and complete replacement of sand and granite in the percentage of 0 to 50 in steps of 10% with cupola slag and recycled construction aggregates. The fresh and hardened properties of concrete such as workability, compressive strength, and microstructural characteristics were assessed. The test results showed a decrease in workability as the percentage replacement of cupola furnace slag (CFS) and recycled construction aggregates (RCA) increases. Concrete produced at 28 days from the partial replacement of cement and sand with cupola slag has an optimum compressive strength of 20.37 N/mm2 at 10% and 22.81 N/mm2 at 20%, resulting in improved strength of 29.4% and 56.82%, respectively when compared with the control. In contrast, granite’s partial replacement with coarse cupola slag and complete replacement of sand and granite gave a lesser compressive strength when compared with the control samples at 7, 14, 28, and 56 days. The porosity of the concrete with optimum compressive strength from each mix was studied using microscopic and image analysis. The result showed that the addition of cupola slag in granulated and fine forms decreases the porosity, hence leading to higher compressive strength.
A Computational Fluid Dynamics-based Correlation to Predict Droplet Sauter Mean Diameter for Σ− Yliq Atomization Model in Pressure Swirl Atomizer
Authors: Amedorme Sherry K. , Apodi Joseph
Published: December 2021

Liquid atomization is crucial to ensure efficient combustion as it is an inherent part of the injector system. The combustion of fuels relies on effective atomization to increase the surface area of the fuel and consequently achieve high rates of mixing and evaporation. Pressure swirl atomizers are inexpensive and reliable type of atomizer for fuel injection owing to its superior atomization characteristics and relatively simple geometry. The Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of atomizer contributes significantly to the combustion chamber performance. This paper presents a two-step strategy to predict droplet SMD for atomisation model in pressure swirl atomizer through the combination of experimentally validated Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Optimal Latin Hypercubes (OLHC) Design of Experiments (DoE) techniques. A three-dimensional Eulerian two-phase CFD model is developed to account for liquid and gas phases as a single continuum with high-density variation at large Reynolds and Weber numbers and validated against experimental measurements, before being employed to carry out a parametric study involving operating conditions and fluid properties of the pressure swirl atomizer. The atomizer is then represented in terms of four design variables, namely liquid viscosity, liquid velocity, surface tension and atomizer exit diameter. An 87-point OLHC DoE is constructed within the design variables space using a permutation genetic algorithm resulting in an accurate SMD prediction. Results show the newly developed SMD prediction is found to be superior compared with existing correlations and indicate significant improvement in the droplets SMD.
Application of FMEA in an Automatic Component Insertion Equipment in an Electronic Industry
Authors: Marques Douglas da Silva , Maciel João Gabriel Marinho , Oliveira Marcelo Albuquerque de , Veroneze Gabriela de Mattos , Reis Dércio Luiz , Da Costa Craveiro Joaquim Maciel
Published: December 2021

One of the consequences of globalization was an increase in the response between companies. In this way, companies increasingly seek continuous improvement using various mechanisms and tools aimed at improving their processes, products, and services, thus making them more competitive. In this scenario, FMEA stands out as a unique tool for detecting and reducing failures in products and processes in order to improve their confidence. This article is the result of the study of the application of the FMEA in an equipment to the production process of insertion of components. For this, action research was carried out, where equipment failure data was collected. As a result, a 5W2H action plan was prepared with the support of a GUT matrix to apply the recommended improvements in the FMEA.
Processes Standardization: A Case Study in the Form of Supply in a Company of the Two Wheels of Manaus
Authors: S. Santos Nayara Oliveira , Ishida Jennifer Yassumi , Oliveira Marcelo Albuquerque de , Veroneze Gabriela de Mattos , Reis Dércio Luiz , Da Costa Craveiro Joaquim Maciel
Published: December 2021

This article aims to study the application of standardization techniques in a two-wheel hub company in the city of Manaus, more specifically in the subassembly sector of the chassis, responsible for the preparation of parts to supply the assembly line. The methodologies used were the 5S methodology, which is proven very effective in identifying and eliminating waste and increasing efficiency; the standardization of intermediate stock, to improve the performance of the purchasing and business sectors, and finally, the PDCA cycle, to identify needs and find suitable, low-cost solutions. From the data collected, the problem was defined as the three worst parts, which are the mudguard, rear fork, and top cover, as it was found that they are recurrent in more than 50% of the models produced. These defects are due to the improper storage of the parts, which present scratches and beat marks. The need to establish an ideal condition of ideal storage was raised, and a manual was elaborated in which basic actions are listed to avoid small defects. After applying the mentioned tools and methodologies, the company managed to reduce the occurrence of small defects.
Bioconversion of Shrimp Waste with Fermentation Stage Process on Proximate Analysis and Digestibility Values of Feed
Authors: Hasbuna Abun , Widjastuti Tuti , Haetami Kiki
Published: December 2021

Frozen shrimp processing waste has the potential to be used as feed, but the characteristics of the shrimp shells need to be improved so that they can be digested. Fermentation using three types of microbes in stages has been studied, to determine the optimal processing time that yields proximate values and protein digestibility of shrimp waste concentrate. Completely randomized design (CRD), 3 treatments and 7 replications, conducted with treatments of shrimp waste bioconversion in stage over time, T1 = Bacillus licheniformis (Bl.) 1 day + Lactobacillus sp. (Ls.) 1 day; + Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) 1 day; T2 = Bl. 2 days + Ls. 2 days + Sc = 2 days; T3 = Bl. 3 days + Ls. 3 days + Sc = 3 days. Product of shrimp waste bioconversion was used as a nutrient concentrate in dietary of local poultry (CP 15%, ME 2750 kcal/kg). The best proximate analysis value showed that each stage overtime two days of bioconversion with Bacillus licheniformis, followed by Lactobacillus sp. and finally fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The proximate analysis resulted that the Crude Protein of product bioconversion was 48.5%. Extract ether, Calcium and Phosphorous contents respectively were 7.81%, 7.57% and 3.14%. The best value of digestibility of protein feed containing bioconversion product of concentrations of local poultry was 72.91%.
An Assessment of the Performance of State Institutions in Environmental Protection in Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: Bashir Babanyaya M. , Oruonye E. D. , Ahmed Y. M.
Published: December 2021

This study examined the performance of State institutions in environmental protection in Taraba State with a view to ascertaining their capacity for environmental protection or otherwise and the challenges undermining their efforts. The study is anchored on the theory of Environmentally Responsible Behaviour (ERB). The study adopted survey research design using field observation and interview schedule. Yearly allocations to the two institutions were compiled from the yearly budget documents of the state. The study findings reveal that the state generate the highest revenue of ₦2billion in 2017 which is about 25% and ₦1billion in 2018, 15.17% of the IGR. These were the pick period of the trade in African Rosewood logs in the state. The huge revenue gave legitimacy to the logging activities and explains why the activity persisted despite the existing forest regulations and efforts to stop it. Despite the huge revenue, findings revealed that it was only in the years 2000, 2013, and 2014 that the Ministry of Environment received up to 4% of the state budgetary allocation. The lowest allocation was in 2002 (0.12%), 2016 (0.15%) and 2007 (0.18%). Findings also reveal huge gap between the budgetary allocation and the actual amount released or expended in the sector. The low budgetary allocation reveals low level of attention paid to environmental issues over the years. The findings of the study reveal that it is only in the area of revenue generation that the state institutions performed relatively well. In terms of staffing, capacity building, infrastructures and equipment, improvement in environmental legislation and enforcement of environmental regulation, the state institutions did not fare well. Based on the findings, the study recommended more political commitment, increase funding, employment of more technically skilled staff and establishment of data bank for environmental inventories in the state.
Implementasi Metode Qira’ati dalam Pembelajaran Ilmu Tajwid
Authors: Ainun Nur , Kosasih Ahmad
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi metode qira’ati dalam pembelajran ilmu tajwid di TPQ Muhammadiyah Sontang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan dan metode yang dipakai adalah metode kualitataif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa implementasi metode qira’ati dalam pembelajaran ilmu tajwid di TPQ Muhammadiyah Sontang adalah metode membaca Alquran yang langsung memasukkan dan mempraktekkan bacaan tartil sesuai dengan kaidah ilmu tajwid yang baik dan benar, tidak mengeja, akan tetapi langsung membaca bunyi huruf yang ada pada Alquran. Faktor penghambat dalam mengimplementasikan metode qira’ati antara lain tidak adanya motivasi dari guru itu sendiri sehingga menyebabkan kurangnya semangat dalam menerapkan metode tersebut, ketidak seriusan santri dalam belajar ilmu tajwid, kurang memadainya sarana dan prasaran di TPQ Muhammadiyah sontang. Faktor pendukung dalam mengimplementsikan metode qira’ati adalah tergantung pada niat santri itu sendiri, dukungan dari keluarga khususnya orang tua serta adanya dukungan dari pihak TPQ seperti kepala dan pengurus TPQ.
Pengaruh Media Audiovisual pada Materi Shalat terhadap Minat dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: Amnda Viola , Wirdati Wirdati
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media audiovisual pada materi shalat terhadap minat dan hasil belajar peserta didik. Lokasi penelitian ini di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 6 Bukittinggi. Data diperoleh dari penyebaran angket, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian Single Group Pretest-Postest Design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Untuk uji hipotesis peneliti menggunakan uji t-Test dan uji Manova Multivariate. Hasil uji Manova Multivariate menunjukkan nilai Sig 0,000 < 0,05 maka didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan penggunaan media audiovisual pada materi salat terhadap minat dan hasil belajar peserta didik di SMP Negeri 6 Bukittinggi.
Applying Assessment Principles during Emergency Remote Teaching: Challenges and Considerations
Authors: Hasen Allehaiby Wid , Al-Bahlani Sara
Published: December 2021

One of the main challenges higher educational institutions encounter amid the recent COVID-19 crisis is transferring assessment approaches from the traditional face-to-face form to the online Emergency Remote Teaching approach. A set of language assessment principles, practicality, reliability, validity, authenticity, and washback, which can be applied to any academic subject, are critical within the design of any task that aims to assess learning. This review paper discusses how assessment approaches need to be modified in a time of crisis. It determines the position assessment should adopt within emergency remote teaching methods and analyzes the fundamental characteristics of five principles of assessment and how they can be accomplished with emergency remote teaching approaches. Furthermore, this paper evaluates the vulnerability and viability of the five assessment principles, examines the application of online assessment on a holistic level, and puts forward a set of recommendations to ensure the assessment principles are achieved within emergency remote learning contexts. The paper concludes with the notion that the construct of time, which is inherent within the principle of practicality, is the most significant when developing online assessments as it is this characteristic that is the most at risk. In addition, we suggest that the assessments that are implemented during emergency remote learning involve open-ended, as opposed to close-ended, questions and highlight the importance of educators demonstrating flexibility and understanding toward their students.
Digital Platforms in the Emergency Remote Education: the Students’ Preferences
Authors: H. Al Shammari Mishal
Published: December 2021

One positive side of the Covid-19 pandemic is the unprecedented opportunity it has offered to the Higher Education Institutions to experience digital learning like never before. During the pandemic, Distant Learning platforms, including Learning Management Systems and Video Conferencing Platforms, have been ubiquitous, and no single institution survived without them during the pandemic. Hence, one of the critical lessons that should be learned is the students’ experiences with these platforms. This study aims to investigate the digital platform preferences of English major students in the College of Language and Translation at King Saud University in Saudi Arabia during the Emergency Remote Education due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Its significance lies in the fact that it underscores and addresses students’ needs and preferences with regard to the digital platforms to be used for language learning, a pragmatic examination of which has been carried out in the following pages. It focuses on reasons for the preferences of the two leading digital platforms used in King Saud University: Blackboard and Zoom. A Survey with open-ended and closed-ended questions was designed to answer the questions of the study: which digital platforms do students prefer to use during Emergency Remote Education, and what were the reasons behind students’ preferences? A total of 300 students from both male and female campuses at different levels of study participated in the study. The results showed that students preferred the Zoom to Blackboard. Reasons of preferences were mainly the ease of use, followed by supporting smartphones, then having an app for smartphones. The thematic analysis of the open-ended question showed that technical problems and connection latency were the main reasons behind students’ preferences of the Zoom. The findings also indicated gender differences in reasons of preferences.
Penyajian Musik Silat Pelintau Pada Upacara Perkawinan Masyarakat Etnis Tamiang
Authors: Dahni Syahnaz Farsia , Harahap Ainun Erryaprina
Published: December 2021

Silat Pelintau berasal dari bahasa Tamiang yang tergabung atas dua kata yaitu Pelin dan Tau. Pelin yang artinya Semua dan Tau yang artinya Tahu. Tujuan Penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bentuk musik, bentuk penyajian, fungsi dan makna musik pada upacara perkawinan masyarakat etnis Tamiang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penulis menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa Observasi, Wawancara, dan Dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bentuk musik iringan silat pelintau pada upacara perkawinan masyarakat etnis Tamiang yaitu yang pertama alat musik yang digunakan dan bentuk musik. Kedua, pada bentuk penyajian musik silat pelintau pada upacara perkawinan masyarakat etnis tamiang memiliki tiga tahapan, yakni tahap pembukaan, tahap inti, dan tahap penutup. Ketiga, fungsi dan makna sebagai kenikmatan estetis yang bisa dinikmati oleh penciptanya maupun penonton, hiburan bagi masyarakat, komunikasi, respon fisik, sumbangan pada pelestarian serta stabilitas kebudayaan serta makna yang terkandung pada musik silat pelintau merupakan nilai budaya atau warisan budaya intelektual.
Ivan Krylov’s Fable “Pig”
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kimyagarova Roza
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the character of the Krylov bestiary – the Pig – for example of the fables “Pig under an Oak” (1825) and “Pig” (1811). The author examines the artistic system of fables, their perception by contemporaries, as well as the peculiarities of Krylov’s interpretation of the image of the Pig in context of the Russian cultural tradition.
Principles of the Translation of “The Tale of the Merchant”
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Walter Zoya
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to some principles of the translation of “The Tale of the Merchant” at the end of the 17th century, which realization is introduced on the functioning of pronouns. Adaptive and descriptive translation are widely spread in the text. Both techniques realize 1) in the observance of the book register, which supposes realization of the ternary opposition of demonstrative pronouns “sej / toj / onyj” and 2) in replacement of number category of personal pronouns in the direct speech. The article also consider features of the functioning of pronouns and pronoun constructions, in particular, with the enclitics “že” and the principles of introducing new characters into the narrative.
Energy Assessment of the Pneumatic Sieve Separator for Agricultural Crops
Authors: Mykhailov Yevhen , Zadosna Natalia , Postnikova Marina , Pedchenko Ganna , Khmelovskyi Vasyl , Bondar Mariia , Ionichev Aleksey , Kozdęba Michał , Tomaszewska-Górecka Wioletta
Published: December 2021

As a result of energy assessment of a pneumatic sieve separator for agricultural crops it was determined that the specific energy consumption of the experimental pneumatic sieve separator was 0.18 kW·year·t−1. It is lower than in case of its domestic and foreign equivalents. For instance, the specific energy consumption of the separator of preliminary grain purification called SPO-50 (Ukraine) is 0.31 kW·year·t−1, and that of the machine of preliminary grain purification called MPO-50 (Russia) is 0.38 kW·year·t−1. Specific energy consumption of a pneumatic sieve separator is 1.72-2.11 times lower than in case of its domestic and foreign counterparts.
Selection indices for fruit yield improvement in elite cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivars
Authors: Idehen Emmanuel Ohiosinmuan , Ukachukwu Paul Chiedozie , Showemimo Francis Abayomi
Published: December 2021

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an important vegetable crop, rich in vitamins and minerals and eaten fresh as a dessert. Its fruit yield is relatively low, though could be improved through knowledge of character association with it and selection of desirable materials for improvement programmes. Fifteen cultivars of Cucumber were evaluated at two locations (Abeokuta and Ibadan), South West, Nigeria in a randomized complete block design with three replicates in order to determine heritability, correlation, direct and indirect effects of characters on fruit yield. Data collected on agro-morphological characters were subjected to analysis of variance, estimates of heritability, correlation, and path analysis. Significant variations (p <0.05) were observed in the cultivars. High heritability estimates (>90%) was observed for fruit length at both locations. A significant phenotypic and genotypic correlation was observed between fruit yield and fruit weight. Number of days to 50% flowering and fruit width could also be selected directly for improvement of fruit yield in cucumber.
Performance and character contributions to variability in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) genotypes
Authors: Idehen Emmanuel Ohiosinmuan , Ola Oluwafunmibi Eunice
Published: December 2021

Okra is an important vegetable crop, but its optimal production is constrained by a myriad of problems including pests, poor agronomic practices, and improper varietal identification among others. A study was carried out to determine the field performance and contribution of agronomic characters to overall variation in eighteen okra genotypes over two locations, Teaching and Research Farms of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria and Rehoboth Farms Limited, Moniya, Ibadan, Nigeria. The experiments were laid down in a randomized complete block design with three replicates and data were collected on number of days to emergence, number of days to 50% flowering, number of branches per plant, pod length, pod width, number of pods per plant, plant height, pod weight, number of seeds per pod, number of ridges per pod, 100 seed weight, seed, and pod yield. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, heritability in the broad sense, principal component analysis as well as the single linkage cluster analysis. Results revealed significant (p <0.05) variation in the genotypes and high heritability estimates for most of the characters. Number of branches per plant, plant height, number of pods per plant accounted for the highest contributor to variations in the accessions while clustering analysis revealed genotypes; NGB00303, NGB00342 and NGB00346 were distant from all genotypes making them useful materials for hybridization studies.
Biological activity of essential oil from Foeniculum vulgare
Authors: Borotová Petra , Galovičová Lucia , Valková Veronika , Ďúranová Hana , Vuković Nenad , Vukić Milena , Babošová Mária , Kačániová Miroslava
Published: December 2021

Foeniculum vulgare Mill. is a medicinal plant, used as a flavouring agent. The essential oil from F. vulgare has potential antimicrobial and insecticidal effects, and can be used in food industry in order to protect the food resources and food products against microbial and pest’s contamination. The aim of the research was to characterize the volatile components of F. vulgare essential oil by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) and Gas Chromatography (GC-FID) and to observe the antimicrobial activity by disk diffusion method and in vapour phase. Also, insecticidal activity of the vapour phase of the essential oil of F. vulgare was detected. We found that major components of the essential oil from F. vulgare were trans-anethole (73.6%), fenchone (6.0%), and limonene (5.7%). Antimicrobial activity on gram-positive, gram-negative, and yeasts was weak in liquid phase, but vapour phase showed stronger activity against B. subtilis at the concentration 250 μL.L−1 (98.65% of bacterial growth inhibition). Vapour phase of essential oil was effective against insects, where 25% concentration had 80% lethality.
Mechanical and thermal behavior of plantain peel powder filled recycled polyethylene composites
Authors: Jacob Joseph , Mamza Paul Andrew P.
Published: December 2021

In the arduous search for ways to clean up the environment and produce viable materials from waste plastics; plantain peel powder filled low density polyethylene wastes (wLDPE) were developed through melt mixing and compression moulding techniques. Optimum properties were determined at 15, 55 and 30 % formulation of plantain peel powder, and Kankara clay respectively. Composition with optimum properties has tensile strength of 55.5 MPa, flexural strength of 50.45 MPa and elastic modulus of 2.30 GPa with corresponding minimal water absorption of 0.95% after 30 days immersion period at room temperature. The thermal properties investigated by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis showed that the composite has better thermal stability at higher temperature than wLDPE. Similarly, through creep analysis, the composite was observed to have better load bearing capability at elevated temperature than waste low density polyethylene material. These results indicate that incorporation of treated plantain peel powder and Kankara clay into wLDPE enhanced the mechanical, thermal and creep resistance of wLDPE. This implies load bearing capability and potential suitability for different wall tiles applications.
Current Issues of Protection of State Sovereignty of Ukraine in the context of Globalization
Authors: Melnykova Dariia
Published: December 2021

The relevance of the research topic is based on modern rapid European integration trends in Ukraine and the definition of one of the main vectors of foreign policy accession to the European Union, among the prospects of which is the need to protect Ukraine’s state sovereignty. The purpose of the article is to study the essence of sovereignty in the modern world and the relevance of the protection of state sovereignty on the example of Ukraine. The paper reveals the essence of sovereignty in the context of globalization of society. Along with this, the article analyzes the main trends in the formation of state sovereignty on the example of Ukraine. Also, it determines the main characteristics of state sovereignty in terms of integration. Finally, the paper reveals the content of the main integration vectors of Ukraine and their impact on state sovereignty. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the innovative understanding and justification of the essence, feasibility and necessity of protecting the state sovereignty of Ukraine during integration processes. The author proposes to improve the legal regulation of the prospects of Ukraine’s integration, based on the elaborated works of domestic and foreign researchers and her own vision of the problem.
Testamentary Inheritance in Comparative Law. A comparative View of Testamentary Practices and Legal Frameworks in Italy and Latin America
Authors: Buțureanu Andreea
Published: December 2021

The practice of making wills is as diverse as it is old. While the legislation in some cultures favors certain principles, others emphasize distinct precepts, all of which are guided in the background by the different cultural views about family and the importance attributed to the surviving spouse. Since the practice of testamentary inheritance is based on the desire to provide care to those left behind by the testator, and not in a few cases, in the absence of a constant income that he used to provide, it is important to identify the logic after which each legislator decides who are vulnerable people and which part of the successoral mass should be attributed to them. In the context of societal change in which the family no longer has the same definitions, the present study conducts a comparative analysis of testamentary practices and legal frameworks in Italy and Latin America in an effort to identify both the common elements that define these two Latin geographical areas, as well as their particularities. This analysis is relevant to the established literature in the field of inheritances by capturing the characteristics of two legal systems that have not received the necessary academic attention.
Principle of Non-Discrimination and Equal Treatment
Authors: Moroşteş Anca , Stoicu Narcisa Mihaela
Published: December 2021

With its evolution, society has introduced human rights as intrinsic values in its acts on the regulation of relations of human nature. Significant victories in the struggle for social freedoms materialized with the adoption of the first declarations of rights, which formed the basis for the passing of later constitutions. Therefore, the modern state, inclined to the protection of its citizens, is unthinkable in its functionality, without stating and guaranteeing human rights in their fundamental law. In addition, it is necessary to point out that these rights have a universal character, namely their protection for each person, regardless of nationality, ethnicity, race, religion, level of health, person’s status, etc. The Constitution of Romania states in art. 15 par. (1) on this that: “All citizens benefit from the rights and freedoms enshrined in the Constitution and other laws and have the obligations provided for therein”.