bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A minimális residualis betegség vizsgálatának jelentősége myeloma multiplex kezelése után
Authors: Szendrei Tamás , Plander Márk , Szabó Zsuzsanna , Kereskai László , Kajtár Béla , Papp Gergely , Iványi János László
Published: March 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Prognostic impact of the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) in multiple myeloma (MM) has been confirmed in numerous studies. Aim: Retrospective examination of our patient database (107 newly diagnosed multiple myelomas between 2007 and 2017). Flow cytometry (FCM) was performed as MRD assessment. Method: MRD assessment was performed in 56 patients (median age: 68 years), after induction treatment of multiple myeloma. The treatment contained bortezomib in 91%, autologous haematopoetic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) was perfomed in 50%. MRD detection was performed on bone marrow samples, predominantly in our hospital (BD FACScan, 3 colour, panel: CD38, CD138, CD19, CD45, CD56, CD28, CD117, cyKappa, cyLambda, 100 000 events). Statistical analysis: SPSS 13.0. Results: The progression-free survival (PFS) and the overall survival (OS) were significantly longer in MRD negative (n = 22) patients (PFS: 54 months, OS: 79% after 5 years) than MRD positive patients (n = 34, PFS: 22 months, OS 21% after 5 years, p = 0.001). Patients achieving complete response (CR) (n = 29) have different PFS (MRD negative CR: 60 months, MRD positive CR: 21 months, p<0.001). Patents achiving MRD negative very good partial response (n = 5) have similar PFS (54 months) as patients with MRD negative CR. The longest PFS (68 months) was observed in MRD negative patients, after ASCT (n = 11), while the PFS was significantly (p<0.001) shorter in patients who were MRD positive after ASCT (n = 18, PFS: 25 months), similarly in MRD positive patients without ASCT (n = 15, PFS 21 months). Cox regression analysis (stage, cytogenetic risk, ASCT) confirmed that MRD is an independent prognostic factor of PFS and OS. We did not find significant relationship between MRD and stage, cytogenetic risk, number of treatment cycles, ASCT. Conclusions: The depth of response after induction treatment of MM is an independent predictor of survival. MRD assessment with FCM is recommended to define response. Consideration of maintenance treatment in MRD positive patients and eradication of MRD are also recommended. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(13): 502–508.
A szexuális nevelésről orvosi szemmel a hazai adatok és a nemzetközi irányelvek tükrében
Authors: Varga-Tóth Andrea , Németh Gábor , Paulik Edit
Published: March 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: The prevention of early sexual life and its unwanted consequences is a worldwide problem. National and international surveys have shown that adolescents have their first sexual intercourse at a younger age. Aim: The study aimed to determine the way of sexual education of young people provided by physicians – general practitioners, paediatricians, obstetricians, gynaecologists etc. – in accordance with the results of a questionnaire-based study, the experiences gained during the interactive education and the suggestions of international guidelines dealing with sexual education. Method: Self-administered questionnaire-based study was performed among 13–18-year-old girls attending primary or secondary school (N = 868) between 2009 and 2016. The sexual activity of adolescent girls, their knowledge related to contraception and sexually transmitted infectious diseases, gynaecological (e.g., cancer screening) experiences were measured before sexual education performed by a gynaecologist. Results: Every 4th girl had the first sexual act at the age of 14 or before, but at the same time their sexual knowledge was incomplete and there was a significant proportion of those who already have had sex but have never had a gynaecological examination. Conclusion: The results highlighted the educational deficiencies of reproductive life, which is a complex task to solve, to address the changing approach of national healthcare and education systems, to adopt and follow scientific evidence-based guidelines. All health-care workers who are in contact with adolescents during their work must be involved in the sexual education. It is essential to continue incorporating sex education into education from early childhood to young adult age. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(13): 494–501.
Investigation of aerodynamics and longitudinal stability of unmanned aerial vehicle with elevator deflection
Authors: Ngoc Hoang Thi Bich , Binh Bui Vinh
Published: March 2019

The elevator is usually hinged to the horizontal tail, which acts as a balance and controls the altitude, establishes a steady motion for the aircraft at all lift coefficients. During elevator rotating, the aircraft needs to be stable to establish a new altitude. The horizontal tail has a major role in the value of the airplane’s pitching moment (due to the long arm from the aerodynamic center of the tail to the center of gravity) for the equilibrium and stability of the aircraft. The horizontal tail should be considered as an aerodynamic component behind the main wing, influenced by the wing downwash wing rather than just a minor wing. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the flow through unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) including the main wing, tail and body and to calculate the aerodynamic force on the horizontal tail when rotating the elevator using the Fluent software for the viscous flows. Small disturbance theory was used to calculate the longitudinal stability of the UAV when controlling the elevator. Flying qualities are assessed to show that changes in the aerodynamic characteristics of the wing, tail, fuselage and configuration of the UAV may be required.
They Like Me, They Like Me Not? Attaining Trust from Residents and Medical Teams during the Clinical Rotation of a Medical Student
Authors: Gao Xinuo , Manjunath Madhura , Mookerjee Anuradha , Rajput Vijay
Published: March 2019

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Trust between students and their inter-disciplinary team is key to an effective clinical education in a patient care environment. Medical students desire to gain trust and autonomy from their teams and are constantly trying to fit into the clinical hierarchy and organized chaos that predominate teaching hospitals. There is an inadequate amount of research regarding the engenderment of trust and autonomy in medical schools.We conducted a narrative literature review in the English language regarding the topic and analyzed the literature from the last two decades. We concluded that besides the factors which one requires to be good at any job (be on time, having adequate knowledge, etc.), there are certain unexpected factors which allow medical students to build trust during their clinical clerkships: (1) fostering a positive relationship with other medical students throughout clinical education, (2) being autonomously motivated.
Group Trust in the Setting of Competency Committee Decisions: A Qualitative Observational Study
Authors: Sapp Jason , Larsen Kelsey , Torre Dario , Holmboe Eric , Durning Steven
Published: March 2019

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Introduction: Trust is an important foundational component of a competency committee. Little work has been done in health professions education to look at trust and group decisions. A recent scoping review defined "group trust," examined factors that may influence group trust, and proposed a model to illustrate the relationship between trust at the individual and group levels. The purpose of this study was to test this model in the context of competency committee decisions and assignment of the ACGME Milestones. Methods: The authors conducted structured observations of competency committee meetings in internal medicine and pediatrics residency and subspecialty programs within the National Capital Consortium. Data were analyzed using a constant comparison method. Results: The authors observed six meetings from May to June 2018 (15 hours) reaching thematic saturation by the final meeting. The proposed model served as an organizing framework for reporting findings into the following categories: individual and group level factors, interpersonal interactions, and environmental factors. Results suggest that diversity of opinion promotes a more complete understanding of trainee competence. Varied faculty experiences, interactions, and actions by committee chairs helped to build a shared group mental model, which was identified as one of the most important aspects of making collective decisions and assigning Milestones. Meetings generally had similar structure based upon the size of the training program, and groupthink was more of a risk for larger training programs, especially when assigning individual Milestones. An important environmental factor identified was decision making fatigue, which was most prevalent towards the end of committee meetings. Conclusions: As training programs develop policies, procedures, and determine the membership of competency committees, utilizing these findings may help improve the design and execution of these groups, enhancing the translation of evaluation data and individual opinions into Milestone and competency decisions.
Öğretmenlerin Psikolojik Okul İklimi Algıları ile İş Doyumu Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: MERT Abdullah , ÖZDEMİR Gizem
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, okullardaki psikolojik
iklimin öğretmenler üzerindeki etkilerinin iş doyumu açısından incelenmesidir.
Araştırmanın verileri, 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında Uşak ili merkez
ilçesinin çeşitli okullarında görevli 117 erkek 167 kadın olmak üzere 284
öğretmenden elde edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında, öğretmenlerin psikolojik
iklimini belirlemek amacıyla “Psikolojik İklim Ölçeği” ve öğretmenlerin iş
doyumunu belirlemek amacıyla “İş Doyumu Ölçeği” ve kişisel bilgileri belirlemek
amacıyla da “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, ilişkisel tarama
modeline uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin iş doyumu ile
psikolojik iklim arasında orta düzeyde pozitif yönlü bir ilişki saptanmıştır.
Psikolojik iklimin iş doyumunu hangi oranda yordadığını hesaplamak için basit
doğrusal regresyon hesaplandığında psikolojik iklimin iş doyumunu yaklaşık %35
oranında açıkladığı görülmüştür. Yapılan analizler sonucu elde edilen veriler,
ilgili alan yazın kapsamında tartışılmış ve bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Data Management at the University of Iowa: A University Libraries Report on Campus Research Data Needs
Authors: Averkamp Shawn , Gu Xiaomei , Rogers Ben
Published: March 2019

This data management report was commissioned by the University of Iowa Libraries with the intention of performing a survey of the campus landscape and identifying gaps in data management services. The first stage of data collection consisted of a survey conducted during summer 2012 to which 784 responses were received. The second phase of data collection consisted of approximately 40 in-depth interviews with individuals from the campus and were completed during summer 2013. Findings are presented as challenges and opportunities within five broad areas of data management: data management planning, data storage, data organization and analysis, data publishing and dissemination and sensitive data and compliance, with additional findings reported in the areas of research culture and funding models.
LITHUANIA, UKRAINE AND LITHUANIA – THE LIFE AND CAREER OF PROFESSOR ALEXANDER MICKIEWICZ
Authors: Martseniuk R.
Published: March 2019

The article is based on archival sources and historiographical analyzes the life and scientific-pedagogical activity Alexander Mickiewicz, one of the first professors of the University of St. Vladimir. There is an attempt to describe the one hand the problem of self-determination for a single person who represented thousands of people who due partitions late eighteenth century. was a part of the new state, the other to illustrate the then education and national policy of the Russian Empire regarding them.
PROJECT OF SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL COURSE "ANALYTICAL HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY"
Authors: Kononenko T.
Published: March 2019

The purpose of the article is to inform about the project of the scientific and educational course "Analytical history of philosophy".
COMPETENCE APPROACH IN THE FORMATION OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS (IN THE EXAMPLE OF THE PHD PROGRAM IN PHILOSOPHY)
Authors: Sobol T.
Published: March 2019

This article discusses the main positions and orientations of the European approach to education and the Ukrainian realities of their implementation. The PhD program in philosophy and the main "competence" requirements of the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine on the procedure for the preparation of applicants for higher education, Ph.D. and Doctor of Science degrees in higher education institutions are analyzed. The importance of forming general and professional competences in philosophy is emphasized not only for the formation of a professional scientist, but also for a highly developed person who is able to study during whole his or her life and easily overcome the social challenges of our time.
KAYNAŞTIRMA EĞİTİMİNE İLİŞKİN ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: Deniz Emrullah , Çoban Ahmet
Published: March 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, kaynaştırma eğitimi uygulamalarına
ilişkin öğretmenlerin görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmış çalışmaları,
bulgularına dayalı olarak meta-sentez yöntemi ile incelemektir. Bu çalışmanın
verileri, meta-senteze dâhil edilme ölçütlerini sağlayan ve 2007-2017 yılları
arasında 20 farklı üniversitede ve 25 farklı branş öğretmeniyle
gerçekleştirilen 33 lisansüstü tezden elde edilmiştir. Tezlerin çalışma
gruplarında yer alan öğretmenlerin toplam sayısı 2506’dır. Çalışmaların seçiminde
Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu (YÖK) Ulusal Tez Tarama Merkezi veri tabanından
yararlanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada cevap aranan sorular ve dâhil etme ölçütleri
doğrultusunda, tezlerde yer alan nicel ve nitel bulgular kodlanarak 8 ana tema
ve bunlara bağlı olarak belirlenen alt temalar eşliğinde meta-sentez çalışması
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada ulaşılan sonuçlar, öğretmenlerin, büyük bir bölümünün
kaynaştırma eğitimi ile ilgili bilgi sahibi olmadıkları, sınırlı düzeyde
uyarlama çalışması ve işbirliği yaptıkları ve kaynaştırma eğitimine uygun
fiziksel donanım imkânlarına sahip olmadıklarına işaret eden bulgulara
ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca, öğretmenler tarafından yapılan önerilerde, kaynaştırma
eğitiminin ayrı okul ve sınıflarda yapılması gerektiğinin sunulması
araştırmanın diğer sonuçları arasında yer almaktadır. Ulaşılan sonuçların
yapılacak çalışmalara ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir.
Yoga and Hip Replacement Surgery
Authors: Robold Libby , Bauer Patty
Published: March 2019

Total hip replacement surgery (THR) is an effective and increasingly common treatment for hip pain and disability. This article discusses the surgical procedure, how Yoga can contribute to post-operative recovery, and how to design a safe Yoga practice after rehabilitation. Three case studies of hip replacement are described, and a series of specific breathing exercises and âsanas are provided.
Tales from the Trenches: Conducting Yoga Research on Low Back Pain
Authors: Sherman Karen , Rothenberg Robin
Published: March 2019

Clinical studies of Yoga for various medical conditions funded by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), a part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), have been conducted for the past several years. These are important studies for the understanding and acceptance of Yoga therapy by the biomedical community and health care financing institutions. They also raise many fundamental and fascinating questions about how science studies Yoga.

The results of major academic studies on Yoga are generally first reported in mainstream medical journals. The International Journal of Yoga Therapy, however, attempts to carry complementary articles describing in much more detail the methodology and other aspects of the studies of special interest to our readers. In the present case, an unusual opportunity arose to explore methodological issues in depth, including the collaboration between the researcher and the Yoga teacher. Karen Sherman, Ph.D., M.P.H., the principal investigator, has extensive experience in studying complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies for back care and is quite conversant with the methodological challenges of Yoga and other CAM research from a variety of perspectives. She also is a longtime Raja-Yoga practitioner. Robin Rothenberg, the Yoga teacher employed for the study, is an experienced Yoga teacher and therapist certified in both the Viniyoga and Iyengar methodologies and a member of IAYT's Advisory Council. Readers may recognize her from her article in the 2004 issue of the journal, "Therapeutic Yoga 101: A Course in Self- Acceptance."

The brief description of the low back pain study that appears on the NCCAM website (www.clinicaltrials. gov/ show/NCT00056212) follows:

Back problems are among the most prevalent conditions affecting adults and are a leading reason for using complementary or alternative medical (CAM) therapies. Despite the common use of CAM therapies for back pain, little is known about how they compare with conventional treatments. This study will lay the groundwork for a full-scale trial that compares yoga with conventional exercise and usual care for chronic low back pain.

This study will randomize 30 people with chronic low back pain to each of the following groups: yoga, a conventional therapeutic exercise program, and usual care. There will be 12 weeks of weekly treatment and follow-up assessments via phone at 6, 12, and 26 weeks to measure each treatment's impact on symptoms, function, quality of life, and utilization and costs of back pain related care.

IAYT is most pleased to have this opportunity to explore the story behind the study. We hope this discussion helps our members better understand the science as well as the great amount of work and creativity a study such as this entails. We also hope this discussion helps Yoga therapists and medical researchers better understand each other and encourages further collaboration.
Teaching Yoga to School-Aged Children:Principles and Personal Experiences
Authors: Feldman Heidi
Published: March 2019

School-aged children are expected to learn new skills and work productively in many domains of life. Those who fail to keep up, particularly those who have developmental disorders, often experience feelings of inferiority and social isolation. I created a Yoga class for school-aged children of all abilities that is designed to serve as a haven from the performance demands of their lives. The class capitalizes on children's pleasure in learning and actively promotes selfawareness without self-judgment. The class draws inspiration from tantric philosophy, which allows for life to be experienced playfully while recognizing the sacred interconnectedness of all things. Three features differentiate this class from a typical adult Yoga class:(1) use of an integrating theme, (2) designated times for discussion and movement, and (3) inclusion of a creative portion. These features are designed to engage and motivate school-aged children. Some traditional elements of a Yoga practice, including breathing exercises (prânâyâma) and the final relaxation in corpse pose (shavâsana), are adapted for children. Educating the parents about the vocabulary, structure,and benefits of Yoga enhances the therapeutic potential of the class for children. Students in the class report that Yoga enhances their ability to focus and that they benefit from the relaxation of body and mind.
JUST: Large-Scale Multi-Tier Storage Infrastructure at the Jülich Supercomputing Centre
Authors: Krause Dorian , Graf Stephan , Mextorf Olaf
Published: March 2019

JUST is a versatile storage infrastructure operated by the Jülich Supercomputing Centre at Forschungszentrum Jülich. The system provides high-performance and high-capacity storage resources for the supercomputer facility. Recently, additional storage and management services, addressing demands beyond the high-performance computing area, have been added. In support of its mission, JUST consists of multiple storage tiers with different performance and functional characteristics to cover the entire data lifecycle.
Свобода vs безопасность? Европа и массовая иммиграция
Authors: Холодковский Кирилл
Published: March 2019

Статья посвящена анализу угроз, связанных с массовой инокультурной иммиграцией в Европу, ключевые из которых – рост числа террористических актов и размывание европейской идентичности. Несмотря на серьезную озабоченность этими угрозами, правительства европейских стран в целом ограничиваются паллиативными мерами в их отношении. Показано, что переходу к более эффективной политике в этой сфере препятствуют догматически истолкованные постулаты либеральной демократии, безусловное, без оглядки на конкретную ситуацию, доминирование ценностей свободы в общественных отношениях, приводящее к недооценке потребностей в безопасности. Принятая во многих европейских странах концепция мультикультурализма привела лишь к оправданию обособления мусульманских иммигрантов. Идет поиск новых подходов к проблеме массовой иммиграции. В статье исследуются возможные перспективы развития ситуации и обсуждается проблема соотношения свободы и безопасности в реальной политике.
Управление политическим контентом в социальных сетях в период предвыборной кампании в эпоху постправды
Authors: Рябченко Наталья , Малышева Ольга , Гнедаш Анна
Published: March 2019

Современный социально-политический дискурс на разных уровнях коммуникации оперирует понятиями постправды, политики постправды и фейковых новостей, интерес к которым возник в связи с референдумом Brexit и предвыборной кампанией кандидатов в президенты США 2016 г. Данные события привели к необходимости пересмотра степени влияния онлайн-пространства на развитие социально-политических систем в мире и определили необходимость исследования процессов формирования политического контента в онлайн-пространстве на макро- и микроуровнях. Сами по себе эти процессы – сложные и нелинейные, и требуют применения гибридных методов анализа, например, сочетание сетевого подхода, математического и лингводискурсивного анализа, с помощью которых авторами было проведено исследование политического контента, сформированного в ходе предвыборной кампании Д. Трампа в 2016 г. с целью выявления особенностей его формирования и влияния на потенциальных избирателей (развитие общественного мнения, мобилизация и конструирование нужного поведения). Эмпирической базой исследования стали: в случае сетевого анализа – метаданные социальных сетей (период с сентября по декабрь 2016 г., а также с января по июль 2017 г.); в качестве основы лингводискурсивного анализа – массив сообщений, опубликованных командой Д. Трампа в ходе проведения предвыборной кампании в тех же социальных сетях. Авторы изучили процесс потребления политического контента пользователями онлайн-пространства (потенциальные и реальные группы электората). Было исследовано, как степень воспроизводства политического контента определяет роли участников социальной сети в интернет-окружении политика (лидеры мнений, сенсоры, реализаторы, читатели, репутационные игроки). Выявлены ключевые особенности политического контента, формируемого в целях успешного продвижения объекта в социальных сетях и онлайн-пространстве. Исследование предвыборной кампании Д. Трампа показало, что результат коммуникативных стратегий, направленных на достижение превосходства в онлайн-пространстве посредством продвижения в социальных медиа, может в большинстве случаев конвертироваться в политическое превосходство в офлайн-пространстве.
Образование в политике мягкой силы США
Authors: Антюхова Екатерина
Published: March 2019

Соединенные Штаты занимают верхние строчки мировых рейтингов мягкой силы. Одним из важнейших критериев, по которым эксперты оценивают степень эффективности использования данного механизма, является уровень задействования государством на мировой арене своего образовательного потенциала. Таким образом, образование, наравне с публичной дипломатией и культурными проектами, выступает в качестве ключевого инструмента достижения влияния в современных международных отношениях. В статье рассматриваются конкретные меры, которые предпринимались США для развития образования в международном контексте, а также базовые документы этого процесса. Особое внимание уделяется непосредственным направлениям международной образовательной политики США и анализу ее реализации на ключевых направлениях, входящих в сферу национальных интересов этого государства. Автор делает вывод о неравномерности использования образования в качестве мягкой силы в различные годы, об определенном спаде (выраженном также в снижении финансирования) и при нынешней президентской администрации. Однако, несмотря на некоторую нестабильность, США продолжают рассматривать образование как важнейший инструмент распространения своего влияния, реализуя многочисленные программы и продвигая образовательные проекты по всему миру.
Организованные правительством неправительственные организации (GONGO):
генезис проблематики, интерпретация и функции
Authors: Лушников Дмитрий
Published: March 2019

Статья посвящена относительно новой проблематике функционирования в современной политической системе – так называемых ГОНГО (GONGO government-organized non-governmental organization) – “организованных правительством неправительственных организаций”. Важность изучения данного вида организаций и движений обусловлена распространением практик использования неправительственных организаций и “негосударственных акторов” в качестве инструментов политической борьбы внутренних элит и внешнеполитического влияния, встроенных в арсенал средств манипуляции массовым сознанием, таких как “psyop”, мягкая сила, цветные революции и т.д. ГОНГО обладают бинарной функциональностью, разделяющейся на официальные, декларируемые, явные функции и неофициальные, латентные. Их положение в политической системе связано не только с явной или латентной ангажированностью, лояльным отношением к правящему режиму: они выступают как инструмент государственной политики, нацеленной на построение институтов гражданского общества в развивающихся странах, осуществляющих вторичную “догоняющую” модернизацию. Таким образом, ГОНГО могут быть и инструментом политической реакции, и коллективным актором социальных изменений. На основании телеологии и критерия лояльности ГОНГО разделяются автором на три вида: “открытые конформисты”; “лоялисты”; “латентные лоялисты / нонконформисты”. Далее выделяются функции ГОНГО: диагностическая; коммуникативная; функция адаптации; социальной селекции; социальной интеграции; легитимизации; мобилизации; социализации; политической, социокультурной и идеологической экспансии; подавления внутреннего протеста и девиаций; ценностно-нормативного морфогенезиса. В качестве актуального кейса использования ГОНГО рассматриваются события Арабской весны в странах Ближнего Востока и выделяются несколько причин слабости “прозападных” ГОНГО: проблема ресурсной самодостаточности; слабая идеологическая, религиозная, социальная и культурная повестка; низкий уровень мотивации их участников, недостаточный для противостояния религиозно и идеологически высокомотивированным оппонентам. В итоге автор выделяет признаки “успешных”, или “эффективных” ГОНГО.
Есть ли у Вашингтона реальная стратегия в отношении России? (Заметки о книге “Россия и США в формирующемся мировом порядке”)
Authors: Шаклеин Василий
Published: March 2019

Россия и США – важнейшие игроки в международных отношениях как представители группы ведущих мировых держав, хотя Соединенные Штаты остаются сверхдержавой. Характер отношений между ними оказывает влияние не только на их политику, но и на развитие международных отношений, на решение глобальных и региональных проблем, на отдельные страны. Россия заинтересована в конструктивном развитии отношений, американская сторона тоже, казалось бы, хотела этого. Однако, как выясняется, понимание конструктивного диалога, его повестки, условий его поддержания у сторон разное. Часто говорят о непонимании или неверном восприятии друг друга. Чтобы улучшить ситуацию с осмыслением российской позиции по ряду важных вопросов, российские авторы изложили свои взгляды и соображения на английском языке в монографии 'Russia and the United States in the Evolving World Order', рассмотрев такие проблемы, как формирование мирового порядка, структурные тренды внутри стран и в мире, действия США и России в АТР, интеграционные процессы на постсоветском пространстве, проблема Крыма, собственно российско-американские отношения и их особенности на современном этапе. Американские авторы проанализировали историю развития российско(советско-)-американских отношений, реализацию проблемы мессианства в политическом курсе держав. Американская аудитория получает возможность узнать, как российские политологи оценивают действия Соединенных Штатов, как объясняют действия России. Вывод, к которому приходят авторы, состоит в том, что, хотя можно говорить о негативной роли взаимного непонимания и неверного восприятия, причина ухудшения двусторонних отношений кроется глубже и заключается в серьезных, кардинальных расхождениях в интересах держав. В том, как они оценивают перспективы формирования и институциональное наполнение мирового порядка, свои роли в нем. Отказ Соединенных Штатов как-то поменять свою стратегию по формированию либерального мирового порядка с применением военной силы, с одной стороны, и отказ России признать за Америкой абсолютное право устанавливать американоцентричный порядок – с другой, делают почти невозможным налаживание конструктивного диалога и взаимодействия. Действия США вносят элемент нестабильности не только в отношениях с Россией, но и с другими странами, повышают опасность конфликтов. Авторы книги видят свою задачу в том, чтобы начать экспертный диалог с американской стороной, прежде всего с теми, кто заинтересован в изменении ситуации.
Orthopaedic implant infections: interplay of associated factors
Authors: Benazir Shazia , Nazir Umar , Nazir Shaista , Shafi Azhar , Bashir Lenah , Angmo Dekyong , Bhat Asifa
Published: March 2019

Background: Medical implants are devices that are placed inside or on the surface of the body for functional, cosmetic or therapeutic purposes. Orthopaedic implants are usually associated with infections which lead to devastating complications for the patients. The study was conducted to evaluate the association of various factors considered to affect orthopaedic implant infections.Methods: The 100 patients with orthopaedic implant infections were included. Various patient parameters including risk factors, intervention form and type of onset of infection were recorded. Microbiological workup was done by standard techniques along with biofilm detection.Results: Early onset of infection was prevalent in cases with open fractures. Smoking and tissue destruction were the major risk factors. Longer duration of surgery was associated with early onset and polymicrobial infections. 15.5% of the isolates were strong biofilm producers. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant biofilm producer. More biofilm producing organisms were recovered from stainless steel implants.Conclusions: Orthopaedic device-related infections lead to extreme morbidity in patients and puts a great encumberance on hospital resources. Various factors affect the outcome of orthopaedic implants. Appropriate infection control and institution specific interventions will help in reducing the magnitude of the problem.
Factors influencing bronchial asthma exacerbations with special emphasis on inhaler usage
Authors: Gali Jayasri Helen , Varma Harsha Vardhana
Published: March 2019

Background: Study of risk factors help make patients aware about them and they can be taught to take proper precautions to prevent the exacerbation of asthma. Objective was to study factors influencing bronchial asthma exacerbations with special emphasis on inhaler usage.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out over a period of three months among 218 eligible patients with asthma who could give written informed consent and willing to participate in the present study and the data was recorded in a pre tested, semi structured study questionnaire. The data was recorded in the Microsoft Excel Worksheet and analyzed using proportions and mean+2SD.Results: We found that advanced age, exposure to dust, fumes and allergens, lower social class, presence of other co-morbidities, irregular use of inhalers, and not demonstrated the technique of proper inhaler use were significantly associated with exacerbation of bronchial asthma. Other factors like mean duration of illness, mean duration of use of inhalers, gender, presence of allergic rhinitis, type of device used for inhalation and taking consultation from pulmonologist were not significantly associated with exacerbations of asthma.Conclusions: Demonstrating and teaching the patient on how to use the device of inhaler plays a significant role in reducing the risk of exacerbation of bronchial asthma.
Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding tuberculosis among the patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra, India: a cross sectional study
Authors: Sonawane Nilesh S. , Patil Chaitanya R.
Published: March 2019

Background: Tuberculosis is major public health problem especially in the low and middle income countries like India. We conducted a study to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice related to tuberculosis among the patients attending our tertiary care institute.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital on the patients attending OPD of tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra. The patients with debilitating illness or bed bound patients and those diagnosed and cured of tuberculosis or were on treatment of tuberculosis were excluded from the study. A pretested and designed questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about the cause, clinical features and treatment of tuberculosis.Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 43.34±11.23 years with male: female ratio of 1.45. About 16.67% of the subjects stated that cause of TB is bacteria, 51.33% reported that cough was the most common symptom, 58.67% believed that it spreads from person to person and among the people who said it spreads 58.67% said that it can be preventable.Conclusions: About 1/5th of the study subjects expressed the cause of TB is bacteria or germs, and more than ½ believed that TB spreads from person to person. About 2/3rd of the patients felt that TB was a very serious disease; more than ½ of them expressed fear if they were diagnosed with TB but more than ½ of them also expressed rejection if they have a TB patient as a closed one.
Role of citicoline in improvement of cognition, memory and post stroke disability in stroke patients
Authors: Singh Mahendrapal , Khan Mohd. Imran , Giri Richa , Kumar Lalit
Published: March 2019

Background: Citicoline has emerged as a potential neuroprotectant in experimental models in stroke patients. Citicoline has shown some beneﬁcial effects in human ischaemic stroke and with an excellent safety proﬁle while in haemorrhagic stroke data is limited. Authors conducted this study to test role of citicoline in stroke patients in terms of cognition, memory and post stroke disability.Methods: In this prospective study, patients had to be previously independent, aged >18 years of age, presented within 24 hours of onset of symptoms of stroke diagnosed by neuroimaging (CT or MRI). Patients received either a placebo or 500 mg/12 h citicoline for 12 weeks (orally or intravenously). The primary aim was to evaluate improvement in cognition, memory and post stroke disability after 12 weeks. The efﬁcacy endpoint was the percentage of subjects with MMSE and DRS at 12 weeks.Results: Total 75 stroke patients were enrolled, 40 in control group and 35 in citicoline group were allotted randomly. Patients in citicoline group were given intravenous citicoline 500 mg/12 hour during hospital stay and orally 500 mg/12 hour after discharge for up to 12 weeks. Control Group was given Placebo. cognition, memory and post stroke disability show positive improvement in citicoline group.Conclusions: Citicoline shows beneficial effects in stroke in terms of cognition, memory and post stroke disability.
Usefulness of High Resolution Computed Tomography scans in depicting the status of the middle ear structures
Authors: Kumar Ponnam Bharath , Mai Kiran , Karpur Santosh
Published: March 2019

Background: Prior to surgery it is very important that the surgeon is fully aware, and he should have the clear picture as to the extent of the disease and the nature of the disease to give satisfactory surgical outcomes for the patient. HRCT (High resolution computed tomography) is one such guiding tool for the surgeon. The objective was to study usefulness of HRCT scan in attico-antral disease in depicting the status of the middle ear structures.Methods: A total of 30 patients were studied.  HRCT temporal bone was performed by using SIEMENS EMOTION 16 slice CT machine in axial plane and coronal images were reformatted. Findings of HRCT temporal bone were recorded.  Findings of mastoid exploration surgery were recorded. Report of HRCT of temporal bone was correlated with surgical findings and tabulated using percentages.Results: Surgery showed cholesteatoma in 26 (86.6%) patients. Epitympanum was involved in 29 (96.6%) patients in HRCT and 30 (100%) patients at surgery. Extension beyond middle ear cleft was seen in 4 (13.3%) patients in HRCT and 5 (16.6%) patients at surgery. Tympanic segment of facial canal was the most commonly involved, showing erosion in 10 (33.3%) patients in HRCT and 12 (40%) patients at surgery. Lateral SCC was the most commonly involved in bony labyrinth seen in 4 (13.3%) patients in both HRCT and surgery. Erosion of dural plate was seen in 6 (20%) patients in HRCT whereas 9 (30%) patients showed dural plate erosion at surgery.Conclusions: HRCT of temporal bone plays a promising role in pre-operative assessment of cholesteatoma as it depicts the extent of the disease and integrity of most of the middle ear structures.
Study of expression of PTEN and Cyclin D1 in endometrium at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Thukral Shaffy , Bhat Shuaeb , Bashir Nusrat
Published: March 2019

Background: To study the expression of PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin homologue) and Cyclin D1 in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium by immunohistochemistry and to corroborate the interrelationship between PTEN and Cyclin D1 in normal to neoplastic endometrial disorders including endometrial carcinoma.Methods: Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) sections of spectrum of endometrium in fifty different cases were taken from secretory phase to endometrial carcinoma and subjected to Immunohistochemistry using PTEN and Cyclin D1 .Results: Immunoreactivity was regarded as positive when brown staining was localized in the nuclei or cytoplasm. The intensity of nuclear staining was graded from 0 to 3+ and the extent was semi quantitatively estimated. If less than 10% of cells were positive a score of 0 was given, 11 % to 30% cell positivity was scored as 1+, 31% to 60 % positivity was scored as 2+ and more than 60% positive cells was labelled as 3+. Statistical analysis was performed with Chi-Square test and significant differences were noted between these 3 groups (p value < 0.05).Conclusions: The present study supports that an inverse correlation exists in the expression of PTEN and Cyclin D1 in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium. The decreased PTEN expression is a marker of the earliest endometrial premalignant lesions, and we propose that use of PTEN immunostaining may be informative in identifying premalignant lesions that are likely to progress to carcinoma. Cyclin D1 expression in endometrial glands increases progressively in intensity and extent from normal endometrium to hyperplasia to carcinoma.
Dexmedetomidine and fentanyl for epidural analgesia in lower limb orthopedic surgeries: a comparative evaluation
Authors: Kumar Surendra , . Pravina
Published: March 2019

Background: Epidural anesthesia is the most frequently used technique for providing operative analgesia in lower abdominal and limb surgeries. This study aimed at comparative evaluation of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl for epidural anaesthesia in lower limb orthopedic surgeries.Methods: This study was conducted in the department of Anesthesiology and critical care Medicine, MLB Medical College Jhansi. Patients undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgery aged between 21 to 50 years and belonging to American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) grade 1or 2 were included. Informed and written consent was obtained. Subjects were divided into two groups. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0 software. t-test, Chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney tests were applied.Results: Age wise distribution, body weight and mean duration of surgical time was comparable in both groups and found statistically insignificant. Time to achieve sensory level at T10 was found to be significantly less in Group RD as compared to Group RF. Early onset of motor block in Group RD was seen (10.12min) as compared to fentanyl (13.36min). Complete motor block was achieved in significantly lower time by Group RD as compared to Group RF. Duration of motor block was significantly higher in Group RD as compared to Group RF subjects. Better sedation score was found in Group RD.Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine is better as an adjuvant to ropivacaine than fentanyl for epidural anaesthesia because of intense analgesia, better quality of motor block and prolong post-operative analgesia, along with higher sedation scores.
Role of systemic steroids in acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy: report of two cases
Authors: Alharbi Mohammed S.
Published: March 2019

Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI) is an unusual form of leukocytoclastic vasculitis with dramatic distinguishing skin lesions that occurs in infants who age 4 to 24 months old. Clinical presentation at onset requires clinical and, less often, histological evaluation to distinguish it from more serious diseases and other vasculitis. Treatment of AHEI remains controversial; and since it is a self-limiting disease, a conservative approach should be considered first. Although some authors have reported that the use of steroids may be beneﬁcial if started early on, we think their use, based on our presented cases here, may accelerate the healing and improves the color of preexisting skin lesions but does not signiﬁcantly alter the course of the disease. Authors reported here two clinical Cases of AHEI (Diagnosed based on characteristic skin lesions and confirmed with Histological evaluation) who were treated initially with systemic steroids, besides we reviewed the role of systemic steroids in the treatment of AHEI.
Fen Bilimleri Dersinde Tamamlayıcı Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Yaklaşımlarından Portfolyo Kullanımının Akademik Başarı ve Kalıcılığa Etkisinin Araştırılması
Authors: SAYLAN Aslı , YANAR Sinan , KAYA Hasan
Published: March 2019

Çalışmanın amacı, fen bilimlerinde portfolyo öğretim yönteminin 6. sınıf
öğrencilerinin başarıları ve öğrenmenin kalıcılığı üzerindeki etkilerinin
incelenmesidir. Ön test-son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desenin
kullanıldığı araştırmada konular deney grubunda portfolyo öğretim yöntemiyle,
kontrol grubunda sunuş, soru-cevap ve tartışma yöntemleriyle işlenmiştir.
Çalışma grubunu 2016-2017 öğretim yılında Kayseri’deki bir ortaokulda öğrenim
görmekte olan 60 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan
Işık ve Ses Akademik Başarı Testi’nin (ISABT) kullanıldığı çalışmada,
öğrencilerin son test ve kalıcılık testi puanları ön test puanlarından anlamlı
derecede yüksek bulunurken, son test ve kalıcılık testi puanları arasında fark
bulunmamıştır. Ayrıca deney grubunun son test ve kalıcılık testi puanları
kontrol grubundan anlamlı derecede yüksektir. Dolayısıyla, portfolyo yöntemi
son test puanları üzerindeki büyük, kalıcılık testi puanları üzerinde ise orta
düzeyde etkilidir.
Araştırma-Geliştirme Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Yükselen Piyasalar Ekonomileri İçin Bir Uygulama
Authors: KILIÇ Meltem , İSPİROĞLU Ferhat
Published: March 2019

Bilim ve teknolojik alanlarında ortaya çıkan yenilikler ekonomik gelişme ve büyümenin itici güçlerinden biridir. Ar-Ge faaliyetlerine yapılan yatırımlar ekonomik büyümenin yanında rekabet düzeyinin de artmasında etkilidir. İçsel büyüme modellerinde de Ar-Ge’nin ekonomik büyüme üzerinde olan etkisine dikkat çekilmektedir. Sürdürülebilir bir ekonomik büyümenin gerçekleştirilebilmesinde sürekli yenilik anlayışının benimsenmesi önemlidir. Yenilikçi üretim sistemlerinin geliştirilmesi verimlilik, ekonomik büyüme ve refah artışının sağlanmasında anahtar görevi üstlenmektedir. Bu kapsamda, çalışmada IMF’nin yükselen piyasa ekonomisi olarak nitelendirdiği 15 ülkede Ar-Ge ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki 1996-2015 yılları arası için panel veri analizi kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, 15 yükselen piyasa ekonomisinde Ar-Ge’ye yapılan harcamalarla ekonomik büyüme arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki bulunmuş, ayrıca iki değişken arasında karşılıklı olarak çift yönlü nedensellik olduğu bilgisine ulaşılmıştır.
Türkiye’de ve Dünyada Yiyecek İçecek Sektörüne Yönelik Eğitim Veren Lisans Programlarının Kıyaslanması
Authors: ÇARBUĞA Ümit , MEMİŞ KOCAMAN Emel
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada; Türkiye’de ve dünyada yiyecek içecek sektörüne yönelik eğitim veren lisans programlarının isimleri ve bünyesinde bulundukları fakülte/yüksekokul bakımından ortak ve farklı yönlerinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Türkiye’deki üniversitelerin tamamı taranmıştır. Yurtdışından 8 ülkede (İspanya, İtalya, İngiltere, ABD, İsviçre, İsveç, Japonya ve Avustralya) rastgele seçilen 149 üniversitenin web siteleri incelenmiştir. Türkiye’de yiyecek içecek sektörüne yönelik lisans eğitimi veren 50 programdan %82.0’ının “gastronomi ve mutfak sanatları” ismini taşıdığı belirlenmiştir. Programlardan %38.0’ının turizm fakülteleri bünyesinde bulundukları görülmüştür. Yurtdışında araştırma kapsamına alınan ülkelerden 6’sında ilgili lisans programları tespit edilmiştir. İlgili programların bulunduğu üniversitelerde program isimlerinin; en fazla “mutfak sanatları” ile “gastronomik bilimler” olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Türkiye’de ve diğer ülkelerde bu alanda eğitim veren programlar ile bünyesinde bulundukları fakülte/yüksekokulların geniş bir isim çeşitliliğine sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Kobi’lerin Finansal Sorunlarının İncelenmesinde Dış Kaynak Sermayesinin Rolü: Diyarbakır İli Örneği
Authors: SEZGİN Eray Ekin
Published: March 2019

Çalışmamızda,
Diyarbakır ilinde faaliyet gösteren 386 adet KOBİ üzerinde dış kaynakdan temin
edilen krediler ve bunların işletmede yarattığı sorunlar ortaya konulmaya
çalışılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmanın sonuçlarını şu çerçevede
özetleyebiliriz.  İşletmelerin büyük bir
bölümünün kredilerle finansman sağladıkları ve bu kredilerin büyük bir kısmını
bankalardan temin ettikleri görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda işletmelerin KOSGEB’in
kredilerinden yeterince yararlanmadıkları tespiti yapılmış, bunun nedeninin de
kamu borcu olan işletmelerin aldığı krediden borcu kadar kesinti yapılmasıdır.
Kredi kullanan işletmeler, kredi kullanımında yaşadığı zorlukların önemli bir
bölümünü teminat sağlama ve formalite- şekil şartları olarak ifade etmişlerdir.
Bununla birlikte işletmelerin önemli bir kısmı kredinin miktarı bakımından bir
sorun ortaya koyamamaktadır.

Çalışmamızdaki veriler,
istatistiksel bir ortamda değerlendirilmiş ve kurulan hipotezlerin test
edilmesi bu çerçevede gerçekleştirilmiştir.