bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why is Inline NMR Rarely Used as Industrial Sensor? Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Colnago Luiz A. , Andrade Fabiana D. , Souza André A. , Azeredo Rodrigo B. V. , Lima Allan A. , Cerioni Lucas M. , Osán Tristán M. , Pusiol Daniel J.
Published: January 2014

Although nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is one of the most powerful analytical techniques, it has not been widely used as a non‐destructive, non‐contact inline industrial sensor. A short background of NMR spectroscopy fundamentals and instrumentation is presented along with its potential applications and limitations for real‐time analysis in the manufacturing sector. NMR signals are generated in the presence of a magnetic field normally produced by expensive large and heavy magnets which have been the major limiting factor in the use of NMR analysis in factories. However, the last decade has brought substantial advances in the development of cheaper, smaller, and lighter permanent magnets based on rare earth materials that use Halbach and unilateral configurations. Small and light cryogenic‐free superconducting magnets are now offered in the market and are opening a new era in manufacturing. It is expected that soon NMR spectroscopy will be applied to monitor the chemical and physical properties of complex feedstock mixtures and reactions in real time which is the ultimate goal of precise process control.
Encapsulation of a Catalytic Imidazolium Salt into Avidin: Towards the Development of a Biohybrid Catalyst Active in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Gauchot Vincent , Branca Mathieu , Schmitzer Andreea
Published: January 2014

Herein, we report the development of biohybrid catalysts that are capable of catalyzing the aldol reaction. The use of biotinylated imidazolium salts in combination with racemic or enantiomerically pure catalytic anions allowed us to study the adaptive and cooperative positioning of the anionic catalyst inside the protein. Supramolecular encapsulation of the biotinylated catalyst into avidin resulted in good selectivity for the aldol reaction performed in ionic liquid/water mixtures.
Activation of Open‐Cage Fullerenes with Ruthenium Carbonyl Clusters
Authors: Chen Chi‐Shian , Lin Yu‐Fang , Yeh Wen‐Yann
Published: January 2014

Reactions of the open‐cage fullerene C63NO2(Py)(Ph)2 (1) with [Ru3(CO)12] produce [Ru3(CO)8(μ,η5‐C63NO2(Py)(Ph)2)] (2), [Ru2H(CO)3(μ,η7‐C63N(Py)(Ph)(C6H4))] (3), and [Ru(CO)(Py)2(η3‐C63NO2(Py)(Ph)2)] (4), in which the orifice sizes are modified from 12 to 8, 11, and 15‐membered ring, through ruthenium‐mediated CO and CC bond activation and formation.
Assembly of 3D Coordination Polymers from 2D Sheets by [2+2] Cycloaddition Reaction
Authors: Medishetty Raghavender , Tandiana Rika , Koh Lip Lin , Vittal Jagadese J
Published: January 2014

The synthesis of three 2D interdigitated ZnII coordination polymers (CPs), by using three monotopic ligands containing CC bonds, is reported. Among these, two CPs with 4spy (4‐styryl pyridine) and 2F‐4spy (a 2′‐fluoro derivative of 4spy) ligands showed quantitative formation of cyclobutane rings, thus demonstrating a unique synthetic procedure to synthesize metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) by using this photochemical reaction. Interestingly, these compounds can also be synthesized by mechanochemical grinding procedures by using Zn(OAc)2. In contrast, Zn(NO3)2 did not yield the required product, unlike in the solution route. In addition, compounds with 4vpy (4‐vinylpyridine), 4spy and 2F‐4spy ligands created different units in the CPs; 4vpy and 2F‐4spy furnished paddle wheel units, whereas 4spy yielded tetrahedral ZnII repeating units. Furthermore, the change in coordination geometry manifests in the photoluminescence properties, attributed to the difference in charge‐transfer and ligand‐centered fluorescent phenomenon.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyclusters and Substitution Effects in the Na—Au—Ga System: Remarkable Sodium Bonding Characteristics in Polar Intermetallics.
Authors: Smetana Volodymyr , Miller Gordon J. , Corbett John D.
Published: January 2014

The ternary compounds Na1.00Au0.18Ga1.82 (I), NaAu2Ga4 (II), Na5Au10Ga16 (III), and NaAu4Ga2 (IV) are prepared from the elements (Ta ampules, 350 °C, 6—10 d) and structurally characterized by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Electron‐Deficient Ternary and Quaternary Pnictides Rb4Zn7As7, Rb4Mn3.5Zn3.5Sb7, Rb7Mn12Sb12, and Rb7Mn4Cd8Sb12 with Corrugated Anionic Layers.
Authors: Khatun Mansura , Stoyko Stanislav S. , Mar Arthur
Published: January 2014

The title compounds are synthesized from stoichiometric mixtures of the elements (alumina crucibles, 600 °C, 10 d) and characterized by single crystal XRD and TB‐LMTO‐ASA band structure calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structural Characterization of RE7Zn21Tt2 (RE: La—Nd; Tt: Ge, Sn, and Pb): New Structure Type Among the Polar Intermetallic Phases.
Authors: Suen Nian‐Tzu , Bobev Svilen
Published: January 2014

The title compounds are synthesized from mixtures of the elements (1073—1173 K, 0.5—4 d) and characterized by powder and single crystal XRD, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and TB‐LMTO‐ASA electronic structure calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: RbH2AsO4.
Authors: Stoeger Berthold
Published: January 2014

RbH2AsO4 is prepared by partial neutralization of an aqueous H3AsO4 solution with aqueous Rb2CO3.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithium Intercalation and Deintercalation into Lithium—Iron Phosphates Doped with Cobalt.
Authors: Novikova Svetlana A. , Yaroslavtsev Sergei A. , Rusakov Vyacheslav S. , Kulova Tatyana L. , Skundin Alexander M. , Yaroslavtsev Andrei B.
Published: January 2014

LiFe1‐xCoxPO4/(4 wt% C) cathode material is prepared by sol‐gel processing according to the literature.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual C—S Bond Cleavage in Hydro(solvo)thermal Reaction that Induces Two Novel Nickel Thiolates: The Crown [Ni16(edt)8S9(S2)]4‐ with an Unprecedented 12‐Membered Ring System and the Cagelike [Ni13(edt)8S4(S2)2] 2‐ with Two Distorted Cores.
Authors: Jiang Hao , Sheng Tianlu , Bai Songyan , Hu Shengmin , Wang Xin , Fu Ruibiao , Yu Peng , Wu Xintao
Published: January 2014

The crystal structures of compounds (II) and (III) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh‐Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Nitroalkenes under Basic Conditions.
Authors: Li Shengkun , Huang Kexuan , Zhang Jiwen , Wu Wenjun , Zhang Xumu
Published: January 2014

Due to NEt3 mediated isomerization also mixtures of α,β‐ and β,γ‐unsaturated nitroalkenes can be deployed in this reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Expanding the Scope of the Asymmetric anti‐Aldol Addition of Chiral N‐Amino Cyclic Carbamate Hydrazones.
Authors: Knight John D. , Coltart Don M.
Published: January 2014

An asymmetric anti‐aldol addition process of ketone‐derived donors that is not limited by the structure of the ketone is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Sustainable Carbon—Carbon Bond Formation Catalyzed by New Oxamate‐Containing Palladium(II) Complexes in Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Fortea‐Perez Francisco Ramon , Schlegel Isabel , Julve Miguel , Armentano Donatella , De Munno Giovanni , Stiriba Salah‐Eddine
Published: January 2014

New and versatile bis(oxamato)palladate(II) complexes (I) are synthesized and investigated for both Suzuki and Heck coupling reactions in molten tetra‐n‐butylammonium bromide as ionic liquid.
ChemInform Abstract: Lipophilic Oligopeptides for Chemo‐ and Enantioselective Acyl Transfer Reactions onto Alcohols.
Authors: Mueller Christian E. , Zell Daniela , Hrdina Radim , Wende Raffael C. , Wanka Lukas , Schuler Soeren M. M. , Schreiner Peter R.
Published: January 2014

A lipophilic oligopeptide is used as an organocatalyst for the acylative kinetic resolution of racemic cycloalkane‐1,2‐diols using various acyl donors.
ChemInform Abstract: Light Promoted Aqueous Phase Amine Synthesis via Three‐Component Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Zhang Lina , Deng Youquan , Shi Feng
Published: January 2014

New results about the UV‐light‐promoted activation of cyclic ethers are presented as well as its application in three‐component coupling reactions with anilines and aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Addition of Propargylic Cations to Allenes: Formation of Crowded Chloro‐ and Azido‐Enynes by Trapping of the Resulting Allylic Cations with TMSX (X: CI, N3): A Synthetic and Computational Study.
Authors: Laali Kenneth K. , Nandi Ganesh C. , Borosky Gabriela L. , Kumar G. G. K. S. Narayana
Published: January 2014

Competitive rearrangement reactions are observed in several cases.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Chiral Cu(II) Catalysis in Water: Enantioselective Boron Conjugate Additions to Dienones and Dienoesters.
Authors: Kitanosono Taku , Xu Pengyu , Kobayashi Shu
Published: January 2014

If conducted in the presence of copper acetate the reaction proceeds via homogenous catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Sodium Borohydride Reduction of Carbamoyl Azide Function: A Synthesis of N‐Protected N′‐Formyl‐gem‐diaminoalkyl Derivatives.
Authors: Verardo Giancarlo , Gorassini Andrea
Published: January 2014

The reaction products are prepared in a three step sequence and achieved as a mixture of two rotamers.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermolecular Visible‐Light Photoredox Atom‐Transfer Radical [3 + 2]‐Cyclization of 2‐(Iodomethyl)cyclopropane‐1,1‐dicarboxylate with Alkenes and Alkynes.
Authors: Gu Xiangyong , Li Xiang , Qu Yue , Yang Qi , Li Pixu , Yao Yingming
Published: January 2014

Less reactive alkenes or alkynes require the addition of zinc acetate as promotor.
ChemInform Abstract: Probing the Utility of Palladium Complexes Supported by Morpholine‐Functionalized N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands in Buchwald—Hartwig Amination.
Authors: Wheaton Craig A. , Stradiotto Mark
Published: January 2014

Syntheses of title complexes (I) and (II) and their application in Buchwald—Hartwig amination reactions are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Scope and Mechanism of the Pt‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Diboration of Monosubstituted Alkenes.
Authors: Coombs John R. , Haeffner Fredrik , Kliman Laura T. , Morken James P.
Published: January 2014

The Pt‐catalyzed enantioselective diboration of terminal alkenes can be accomplished in an enantioselective fashion in the presence of a chiral phosphonite ligand.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Coupling of Arenes with Alcohols.
Authors: Bhadra Sukalyan , Matheis Christian , Katayev Dmitry , Goossen Lukas J.
Published: January 2014

A regioselective dehydrogenative cross‐coupling procedure by using a bimetallic copper/silver catalyst is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Direct C—H/C—H Cross Coupling of Anilides with β‐Keto Esters.
Authors: Chan Wai‐Wing , Zhou Zhongyuan , Yu Wing‐Yiu
Published: January 2014

The reaction mechanism could involve the coupling of a cyclopalladated complex with the carboradical.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(OAc)2‐Catalyzed Oxidative Carbonylation of Aromatics: Synthesis of Naphthalenecarboxylic Acids.
Authors: Elman Alexander R.
Published: January 2014

The liquid‐phase oxidative carbonylation of naphthalene is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: A Solvent‐Free Amidation of Vinylogous Esters via Direct Aziridination.
Authors: McLaughlin Emily C. , Shrestha Anuska , Fletcher Madison H. , Steinauer Nathaniel S. , Shinn Min Kyung , Shahid Sabrina M.
Published: January 2014

A microwave‐mediated aziridination of α,β‐unsaturated ketones and esters through the decomposition of ethyl azidoformate is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydroarylation of 3‐Pyrrolines Giving 3‐Arylpyrrolidines: Protonation as a Key Step.
Authors: So Chau Ming , Kume Satoshi , Hayashi Tamio
Published: January 2014

The highly enantioselective and high yielding title reaction provides an easy and efficient access of 3‐arylpyrrolidines, compounds with potentially biological activity, under neutral conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: General and Regioselective Synthesis of Pyrroles via Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reactions.
Authors: Zhang Min , Fang Xianjie , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias
Published: January 2014

The new synthesis of pyrroles proceeds in the presence of a commercially available ruthenium catalyst system and catalytic amount of base showing a broad functional group tolerance.
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Dependent Stereodivergent Intramolecular Aza‐Michael Reaction: Asymmetric Synthesis of 1,3‐Disubstituted Isoindolines.
Authors: Fustero Santos , Herrera Lidia , Lazaro Ruben , Rodriguez Elsa , Maestro Miguel A. , Mateu Natalia , Barrio Pablo
Published: January 2014

For the reaction of the compounds (I) the careful choice of the base allows the exclusive formation of either cis or trans diastereoisomer with the exception of the trihalogenates (Ie) and (If), which afford the cis‐products regardless of the base used.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Enantioselective Synthesis of Carbazolones as Intermediates in Aspidosperma and Kopsia Alkaloid Synthesis.
Authors: Gartshore Christopher J. , Lupton David W.
Published: January 2014

Pd‐catalyzed decarboxylative allylation of racemic carbazolone β‐ketoesters (II) in the presence of PHOX ligands (I) affords allyl carbazolones (III) in good to high yields and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Rh‐Catalyzed Hydroformylation—Double Cyclization of o‐Amino Cinnamyl Derivatives: Applications to the Formal Total Syntheses of Physostigmine and Physovenine.
Authors: Chiou Wen‐Hua , Kao Chien‐Lun , Tsai Jui‐Chi , Chang Yun‐Man
Published: January 2014

The presented approach provides a flexible access to various substituted alkaloids.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Three‐Component 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Aldehydes, Hydrazides, and Alkynes.
Authors: Hashimoto Takuya , Takiguchi Yuka , Maruoka Keiji
Published: January 2014

The pyrazoles are contaminated with up to 5% of alkynylation products, e.g. (V).
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Substituted Pyrazoles.
Authors: Doddaramappa Doddamani Shridevi , Chandra Chandra , Mahendra M. , Rai K. M. Lokanatha
Published: January 2014

via reaction of corresponding dihydropyrazole‐5‐carbonitriles (I) with KOH in the presence of a phase‐transfer catalyst
ChemInform Abstract: A New Route to the Synthesis of Isoxazoline Derivatives from Dihydropyran via Cycloaddition Reaction in Ionic Liquid.
Authors: Chakraborty Bhaskar , Sharma Chiran Devi
Published: January 2014

Starting from the known dihydropyran‐derived nitrone (I), a series of isoxazolines are prepared via regioselective cycloaddition reaction with electron‐deficient alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Aryl Atropisomerism Induces Facial Selectivity in Benzonitrile Oxide Cycloadditions with Exocyclic Methylene Benzosultams.
Authors: Ryan Sarah J. , Francis Craig L. , Savage G. Paul
Published: January 2014

The title reaction affords 5‐spiro isoxazoline cycloadducts (III) with complete regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Azide—Alkyne Cycloaddition to Quaternary Oxindoles.
Authors: Zhou Feng , Tan Chen , Tang Jing , Zhang Yan‐Yan , Gao Wei‐Ming , Wu Hai‐Hong , Yu Yi‐Hua , Zhou Jian
Published: January 2014

The first highly enantioselective title reaction proceeds via desymmetrization of oxindole‐based heptadiynes to furnish chiral oxindoles bearing a triazole moiety which are interesting substrates in medicinal research.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Ketones and Azides with Water as a Solvent.
Authors: Yeung Dwun Kit Jonathan , Gao Tao , Huang Jiayao , Sun Shaofa , Guo Haibing , Wang Jian
Published: January 2014

Dioctyl prolinamide is an efficient catalyst for the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of ketones with azides leading to a variety of 1,2,3‐triazoles (30 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Cationic and Neutral (Ar‐BIAN)Copper(I) Complexes Containing Phosphane and Arsane Ancillary Ligands: Synthesis, Molecular Structure and Catalytic Behavior in Cycloaddition Reactions of Azides and Alkynes.
Authors: Li Lidong , Lopes Patricia S. , Figueira Claudia A. , Gomes Clara S. B. , Duarte M. Teresa , Rosa Vitor , Fliedel Christophe , Aviles Teresa , Gomes Pedro T.
Published: January 2014

A series of new catalysts is synthesized and tested in the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Condensation of 5‐(4‐Methylphenyl)‐2,4‐dihydro‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐thione with Haloacetic Acids.
Authors: Rzhevskii A. A. , Gerasimova N. P. , Alov E. M. , Kozlova O. S. , Danilova A. S. , Khapova S. A. , Suponitskii K. Yu.
Published: January 2014

The condensation reaction of title compound (I) with haloacetic acids regioselectively gives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chromeno[2,3‐b]chromenes from 2‐Dimethylaminophenols and Malononitrile.
Authors: Osyanin V. A. , Osipov D. V. , Borisov D. D. , Klimochkin Yu. N.
Published: January 2014

A new method for the synthesis of chromenochromenes (III) is developed based on the cycloaddition of o‐quinone methides, generated in situ from phenolic Mannich bases (I), to 2‐aminochromene‐3‐carbonitrile intermediates derived from Mannich bases (I) and malononitrile.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Domino Condensation—Intramolecular Nucleophilic Cyclization Approach Towards Annulated Thiochromenes.
Authors: Voskressensky Leonid G. , Sokolova Ekaterina A. , Festa Alexey A. , Varlamov Alexey V.
Published: January 2014

A domino reaction of isoquinoline‐derived iminium salts and α‐mercapto benzaldehydes provides access to previously unknown annulated thiochromenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Recyclization of Dimedone Adduct with 2‐(2‐Oxo‐2‐phenylethylidene)propanedinitrile in the Reaction with N‐Nucleophiles.
Authors: Ovchinnikova V. V. , Andin A. N.
Published: January 2014

The reaction of compound (I) with amines (III) in boiling acetic acid yields compound (II) instead of (IV), which can be obtained by boiling (I) in a large excess of (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Investigation of the Chlorination of 4‐(Perfluoroalkyl)‐5‐(p‐toluenesulfonyl)uracils. Synthesis of 5‐Chloro‐6‐(perfluoroalkyl)‐5‐(p‐toluenesulfonyl)pyrimidine‐2,4 (3H,5H)‐diones.
Authors: Gudz A. P. , Kanishchev A. S. , Vlasenko Yu. G. , Chernega A. N. , Shermolovich Yu. G.
Published: January 2014

This new type of fluorine‐containing pyrimidinediones contains electron‐withdrawing substituents at the endocyclic C=N bond which increases their reactivity towards nucleophiles.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of 2‐Arylindoles for Synthesis of 2‐Arylbenzoxazinones with Oxone as the Sole Oxidant.
Authors: Lian Xiao‐Li , Lei Hao , Quan Xue‐Jing , Ren Zhi‐Hui , Wang Yao‐Yu , Guan Zheng‐Hui
Published: January 2014

The reaction is conducted under environmentally benign conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 1,4‐Benzothiazin‐3‐ones from Cu‐Catalyzed Coupling of 2‐Iodoanilines and 2‐Mercaptoacetate.
Authors: Huang Wei‐Sheng , Xu Rongsong , Dodd Rory , Shakespeare William C.
Published: January 2014

The catalyst system consisting of copper iodide and a diamine ligand catalyzes the coupling between iodoanilines and mercaptoacetate, offering a new method with clear advantages over existing approaches including one‐step simple operation, wider reaction scope, and moderate to high isolated yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Cascade Annulation Based on Enantioselective Oxa‐Diels—Alder Cycloaddition of in situ Generated Isochromenyliums by Cooperative Binary Catalysis of Pd(OAc)2 and (S)‐Trip.
Authors: Yu Shu‐Yan , Zhang Hao , Gao Yang , Mo Lei , Wang Shaozhong , Yao Zhu‐Jun
Published: January 2014

The newly developed methodology is applicable to a broad spectrum of substrates establishing dense multiple chiral centers including quaternary carbons of variable bridged ring systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling Through C—H Activation and Annulation Directed by Phosphonamide and Phosphinamide Groups.
Authors: Park Sangjune , Seo Boram , Shin Seohyun , Son Jeong‐Yu , Lee Phil Ho
Published: January 2014

The reaction is conducted under aerobic conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanide‐Catalyzed Selective Addition of Diethyl Phosphite to Chalcones.
Authors: Zhang Aijiao , Cai Lijian , Yao Zhigang , Xu Fan , Shen Qi
Published: January 2014

Lanthanide complexes efficiently catalyze the phospha‐Michael addition of diethyl phosphite to chalcones yielding phosphonates of type (III) or (V) depending on the ratio of the reactants.
ChemInform Abstract: cis‐Clerodane Diterpenes from the Liverwort Scapania ciliata
Authors: Liu Na , Zhu Rong‐Xiu , Wang Song , Zhang Jiao‐Zhen , Lin Zhao‐Min , Li Rui‐Juan , Lou Hong‐Xiang
Published: January 2014

isolation, structure determination and cytotoxicity of four new cis‐clerodane lactones, ciliatolides A—D (I), (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of the Ribosomally Synthesized Linear Azole‐Containing Peptide Plantazolicin A from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
Authors: Banala Srinivas , Ensle Paul , Suessmuth Roderich D.
Published: January 2014

The first total synthesis of the target compound is achieved by an iterative coupling strategy of dipeptides and heterocyclic building blocks.
ChemInform Abstract: Chrotacumines E and F, Two New Chromone‐Alkaloid Analogues from Dysoxylum acutangulum (Meliaceae) Leaves.
Authors: Lazim Mohd Izwan Mohd , Ismail Intan Safinar , Shaari Khozirah , Latip Jalifah Abd. , Al‐Mekhlafi Nabil Ali , Morita Hiroshi
Published: January 2014

Chrotacumines E (I) and F (II) show modest activities as tyrosinase inhibitors.
ChemInform Abstract: The Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Isocladosorpin.
Authors: Reddy B. V. Subba , Reddy P. Janardhan , Reddy C. Suresh
Published: January 2014

The synthesis of title compound (I) involves an intramolecular hetero‐Michael reaction, asymmetric propargylation, and Alder‐Rickert reaction as the key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Growth of Carbon Nanotubes over Non‐Metallic Based Catalysts: A Review on the Recent Developments
Authors: Tan Lling‐Lling , Ong Wee‐Jun , Chai Siang‐Piao , Mohamed Abdul Rahman
Published: January 2014

Review: 121 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Precision Synthesis of Colloidal Inorganic Nanocrystals Using Metal and Metalloid Amides
Authors: Yarema Maksym , Caputo Riccarda , Kovalenko Maksym V.
Published: January 2014

Review: 129 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetism in Nanoparticles. Tuning Properties with Coatings
Authors: Crespo Patricia , de la Presa Patricia , Marin Pilar , Multigner Marta , Alonso Jose Maria , Rivero Guillermo , Yndurain Felix , Gonzalez‐Calbet Jose Maria , Hernando Antonio
Published: January 2014

Review: 196 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential Growth at the Sub‐10 Nm Scale of Cyanide Bridged Coordination Networks on Inorganic Surfaces
Authors: Tricard Simon , Fabrice Charra Fabrice Charra , Mallah Talal
Published: January 2014

Review: 41 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of N‐Heterocycles in Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Garella Davide , Borretto Emily , Di Stilo Antonella , Martina Katia , Cravotto Giancarlo , Cintas Pedro
Published: January 2014

Review: 103 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Baeyer—Villiger Reaction in Different Catalysis
Authors: Yan Fanyong , Li Chuying , Liang Xiaole , Guo Shanshan , Fu Yang , Chen Li
Published: January 2014

Review: 102 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Genus Xylopia (Annonaceae): Chemical and Biological Aspects
Authors: Moreira Isabel C. , Roque Nidia F. , Vilegas Wagner , Zalewski Cynthia A. , Lago Joao Henrique G. , Funasaki Mariko
Published: January 2014

Review: 69 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Genus Pluchea: Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses, and Biological Activities
Authors: Hussain Hidayat , et al. et al.
Published: January 2014

Review: 137 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Robinson′s Landmark Synthesis of Tropinone
Authors: Medley Jonathan William , Movassaghi Mohammad
Published: January 2014

Review: 43 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioorthogonal Chemistry: Strategies and Recent Developments
Authors: Ramil Carlo P. , Lin Qing
Published: January 2014

Review: 135 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Positively Charged Phosphorus Dendrimers. An Overview of Their Properties
Authors: Caminade Anne‐Marie , Majoral Jean‐Pierre
Published: January 2014

Review: 90 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Amido Carbonyl Compounds Through the Dakin—West Reaction Using Lewis Acid Catalysts
Authors: Behbahani Farahnaz K.
Published: January 2014

Review: 40 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New Physics in Frustrated Magnets. Spin Ices, Monopoles, Etc
Authors: Zvyagin A. A.
Published: January 2014

Review: 319 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Development of Bis(hydroxymethyl)pyrrole Analogues as Bifunctional DNA Cross‐Linking Agents and Their Chemotherapeutic Potential
Authors: Su Tsann‐Long , Lee Te‐Chang , Kakadiya Rajesh
Published: January 2014

Review: 59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bringing the Science of Proteins into the Realm of Organic Chemistry: Total Chemical Synthesis of SEP (Synthetic Erythropoiesis Protein)
Authors: Kent Stephen B. H.
Published: January 2014

Review: 51 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemicals‐Inspired Biomaterials: Developing Biomaterials Inspired by Material Science Based on POSS
Authors: Tanaka Kazuo , Chujo Yoshiki
Published: January 2014

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Low Dimensional Nanocarbons — Chemistry and Energy/Electron Transfer Reactions
Authors: Dirian Konstantin , Herranz M. Angeles , Katsukis Georgios , Malig Jenny , Rodriguez‐Perez Laura , Romero‐Nieto Carlos , Strauss Volker , Martin Nazario , Guldi Dirk M.
Published: January 2014

Review: <150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Transmission Electron Microscopy of Catalyst Sintering
Authors: DeLaRiva Andrew T. , Hansen Thomas W. , Challa Sivakumar R. , Datye Abhaya K.
Published: January 2014

Review: 78 refs.
An orb‐weaver spider exploits an ant–acacia mutualism for enemy‐free space
Authors: Styrsky John D.
Published: January 2014

Exploiters of protection mutualisms are assumed to represent an important threat for the stability of those mutualisms, but empirical evidence for the commonness or relevance of exploiters is limited. Here, I describe results from a manipulative study showing that an orb‐weaver spider,Eustala oblonga, inhabits an ant‐acacia for protection from predators. This spider is unique in the orb‐weaver family in that it associates closely with both a specific host plant and ants. I tested the protective effect of acacia ants onE. oblongaby comparing spider abundance over time on acacias with ants and on acacias from which entire ant colonies were experimentally removed. Both juvenile and adult spider abundance significantly decreased over time on acacias without ants. Concomitantly, the combined abundance of potential spider predators increased over time on acacias without ants. These results suggest that ant protection of the ant‐acaciaAcacia melanocerusalso protects the spiders, thus supporting the hypothesis thatE. oblongaexploits the ant–acacia mutualism for enemy‐free space. AlthoughE. oblongatakes advantage of the protection services of ants, it likely exacts little to no cost and should not threaten the stability of the ant–acacia mutualism. Indeed, the potential threat of exploiter species to protection mutualisms in general may be limited to species that exploit the material rewards traded in such mutualisms rather than the protection services.
Analysing recurrent hospitalizations in heart failure: a review of statistical methodology, with application to CHARM‐Preserved
Authors: Rogers Jennifer K. , Pocock Stuart J. , McMurray John J.V. , Granger Christopher B. , Michelson Eric L. , Östergren Jan , Pfeffer Marc A. , Solomon Scott D. , Swedberg Karl , Yusuf Salim
Published: January 2014

Aims

Heart failure is characterized by recurrent hospitalizations, but often only the first event is considered in clinical trial reports. In chronic diseases, such as heart failure, analysing all events gives a more complete picture of treatment benefit. We describe methods of analysing repeat hospitalizations, and illustrate their value in one major trial.

Methods and results

The Candesartan in Heart failure Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM)‐Preserved study compared candesartan with placebo in 3023 patients with heart failure and preserved systolic function. The heart failure hospitalization rates were 12.5 and 8.9 per 100 patient‐years in the placebo and candesartan groups, respectively. The repeat hospitalizations were analysed using the Andersen–Gill, Poisson, and negative binomial methods. Death was incorporated into analyses by treating it as an additional event. The win ratio method and a method that jointly models hospitalizations and mortality were also considered. Using repeat events gave larger treatment benefits than time to first event analysis. The negative binomial method for the composite of recurrent heart failure hospitalizations and cardiovascular death gave a rate ratio of 0.75 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.62–0.91, P = 0.003], whereas the hazard ratio for time to first heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death was 0.86 (95% CI 0.74–1.00, P = 0.050).

Conclusions

In patients with preserved EF, candesartan reduces the rate of admissions for worsening heart failure, to a greater extent than apparent from analysing only first hospitalizations. Recurrent events should be routinely incorporated into the analysis of future clinical trials in heart failure.
Synthesis of Mesoporous SnO2 Spheres and Application in Gas Sensors
Authors: Wang Xinzhen , Qiu Song , Liu Jiurong , He Cuizhu , Lu Guixia , Liu Wei
Published: January 2014

Mesoporous tin oxide (SnO2) spheres with a size of 500–700 nm have been successfully synthesized through annealing a tin hydroxide precursor was obtained by a one‐pot solvothermal process from a methanol system containing the surfactant polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP). Experimental studies revealed that polyvinyl pyrrolidone plays a pivotal role in controlling the size and agglomeration of mesoporous spheres. The mesoporous SnO2 spheres with a surface area of 78.2 m2 g–1 and an average pore size of ca. 10 nm are monodispersed and the mesoporous structure can be maintained even after annealing at 500 °C for 2 h in air. Gas sensing tests showed that the SnO2 mesoporous spheres exhibit high sensitivity to H2, enhanced response to CO and also fast response and recovery rates, suggesting potential application as an advanced gas sensing material.
Well‐Defined Silica‐Supported Zirconium–Benzyl Cationic Species: Improved Heterogenization of Single‐Site Polymerization Catalysts
Authors: Popoff Nicolas , Macqueron Benoît , Sayhoun Wissam , Espinas Jeff , Pelletier Jérémie , Boyron Olivier , Boisson Christophe , Merle Nicolas , Szeto Kai C. , Gauvin Régis M. , De Mallmann Aimery , Taoufik Mostafa
Published: January 2014

Zr(CH2Ph)4 (1) was grafted onto a recently disclosed hybrid material based on amorphous silica that features unique phenol grafting sites {[(≡SiO)2(AlOC6H4OH)(Et2O)] (H)}. A monopodal tribenzyl surface species, structurally similar to the silica‐supported species previously disclosed [≡SiOZr(CH2Ph)3] (2), was obtained and fully characterized as [(≡SiO)2(AlOC6H4OZr(CH2Ph)3)(Et2O)] (3). The activation of both these species by B(C6F5)3 proceeded by benzyl abstraction to yield the inner‐sphere ion pairs [≡SiOZr(CH2Ph)2]+[(PhCH2)B(C6F5)3]– (4) and [(≡SiO)2(AlOC6H4OZr(CH2Ph)2)(Et2O)]+[(PhCH2)B(C6F5)3]– (5), respectively. These surface species were fully characterized by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy, elemental analyses, and 1H, 13C, 11B, and 19F solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. These isolated cationic catalysts displayed increased ethylene polymerization activity compared to the neutral species. Most importantly, the heterogenization of the cationic complex with the phenol spacer (5) led to a fourfold increase in productivity compared to that of the silica counterpart 4, in agreement with reduced surface interactions and improved electrophilicity.
Heteropolyacid‐Based Materials as Heterogeneous Photocatalysts
Authors: Marcì Giuseppe , García‐López Elisa I. , Palmisano Leonardo
Published: January 2014

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Giuseppe Marcì and Leonardo Palmisano at the Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy. The cover image shows one aspect of the photocatalytic use of heteropolyacids: dye bleaching by irradiation with sunlight.
How time flies!
Authors: Hindson Karen J.
Published: January 2014

Editor Karen Hindson summarizes the important events for EurJIC in 2013 and provides a glimpse of the activities in the coming year.
Remote Control of Distributed Energy Resources using IEC 61850 as Application‐Layer Protocol Standard
Authors: Feuerhahn Stefan , Kohrs Robert , Wittwer Christof
Published: January 2014

As the number of distributed energy resources increases so does the need for sophisticated communication technology that allows to remotely control them. This study analyzes the prominent application‐layer protocol candidate for this application, the IEC 61850 standard. A decision tree is drawn that outlines when IEC 61850 is a favorable choice. Afterwards IEC 61850 is looked at in detail. The benefits of its device modeling capabilities for interoperability are evaluated and its message size is analyzed.
A Model for All‐Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: Introducing Electrode‐Compression Effects on Voltage Losses and Hydraulics
Authors: Bromberger Kolja , Kaunert Johannes , Smolinka Tom
Published: January 2014

In this study, a 2 D‐model of an all‐vanadium redox flow battery is presented including effects of electrode compression on voltage losses and hydraulics. A parametric study has been performed to investigate the influence of different parameters (such as material properties, geometric data, and operating conditions) on the cell performance. The model equations were solved by using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The results of the study show that a reduction of the electrode thickness by compression lowers the area specific resistance (ASR), the porosity and the hydraulic permeability, which results in a better cell performance but also a higher pressure drop. The electrode compression mainly reduces the ohmic losses. Furthermore, the ASR has a high sensitivity to changes of the specific surface area a0 and the reaction constant k0. These material parameters control the activation overpotentials of the reactions and are independent of the compression. Due to the high ohmic losses, the goal for further developments in redox‐flow‐cell design should be to minimize the electrode thickness and to maximize the hydraulic permeability along with the surface area of the electrode. The optimal compression rate depends strongly on the material properties and has to be a trade‐off between electrical and hydraulic performance.
Who am I? The relationship between self‐concept uncertainty and materialism
Authors: Noguti Valeria , Bokeyar Alexandra L.
Published: January 2014

It is well accepted that materialism may result in a number of negative consequences, hence the importance of improving its understanding. In this paper, we propose that materialism negatively relates to self‐concept uncertainty. Uncertainty about oneself is aversive and those feeling uncertain may use the possession of material objects as a way to reduce the uncertainty. Inasmuch as material objects can serve as concrete signs of self‐worth, self‐concept uncertainty can therefore relate to more materialism. Over two studies, one in Australia and the other in the US, with a total of 390 participants, our research demonstrates that lower clarity about one's self‐concept associates with higher levels of materialism. While this result holds for both genders, this relationship is considerably stronger for women compared to men. We also find that lower self‐concept clarity relates to higher compulsive buying. We further demonstrate that materialism relates to higher positive moods during shopping, and also relates to higher negative moods after shopping, more notably negative moods towards what was purchased. This effect is significant even when controlling for general affective states.
Force modulation deficits in complex regional pain syndrome: A potential role for impaired sense of force production
Authors: Bank P.J.M. , van Rooijen D.E. , Marinus J. , Reilmann R. , van Hilten J.J.
Published: January 2014

Background

Compelling evidence points at both impaired proprioception and disturbed force control in patients with chronic complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Because force modulation at least partly relies on proprioception, we evaluated if impaired sense of force production contributes to disturbances of force control in patients with CRPS.

Methods

Characteristics of voluntary force modulation were examined in the affected upper extremity in 28 CRPS patients with abnormal postures, in 12 CRPS patients without abnormal postures, and in 32 healthy controls. Isometric grip‐force matching was compared between conditions with and without visual feedback to identify potential deficits in the sense of force production in terms of force reproduction errors.

Results

Voluntary force modulation was impaired in CRPS patients, but more so in patients with abnormal postures. In particular, CRPS patients with abnormal postures were characterized by reduced maximum force, reduced ability to increase force output according to task instructions, higher variability of force output and less adequate correction of deviations from the target force. Although effects of visual feedback removal appeared largely similar for the two patient groups and controls, our findings with respect to force reproduction errors suggested that an impaired sense of force production may contribute to the motor dysfunction in CRPS.

Conclusions

CRPS patients, in particular those with abnormal postures, showed impaired voluntary force control and an impaired sense of force production. This suggests that therapeutic strategies aimed at restoration of proprioceptive impairments, possibly using online visual feedback, may promote the recovery of motor function in CRPS.
Evaluation of Rapid Syphilis Tests in KwaZulu‐Natal
Authors: Dlamini Nomonde Ritta , Phili Rogerio , Connolly Cathy
Published: January 2014

Background

Despite the considerable decrease in the seroprevalence of syphilis in South Africa, with an estimated prevalence of 1.5% in 2010, the disease remains a threat particularly to pregnant women, hence there is a need for a rapid, reliable, and affordable screening and diagnostic test. A laboratory evaluation study was conducted in response to a call by the KwaZulu‐Natal (KZN) Provincial Department of Health that is considering using rapid point‐of‐care syphilis tests.

Methods

The performances of the Hexagon and the SD Bioline syphilis tests were compared with the Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA) reference test using 297 (142 positive and 155 negative) serum specimens.

Results

Both assays demonstrated good performance with negative and positive concordance of 97 and 94% for the Hexagon assay and 98 and 90% for SD Bioline assay, respectively, when compared to the TPHA. The Hexagon test was quicker and easier to read than the SD Bioline test.

Conclusion

Although the rapid syphilis tests performed favorably, a number of issues need to be considered prior to their use for syphilis screening in the public sector of South Africa.
Novel effects of Rosa damascena extract on memory and neurogenesis in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Esfandiary Ebrahim , Karimipour Mohammad , Mardani Mohammad , Alaei Hojjatallah , Ghannadian Mustafa , Kazemi Mohammad , Mohammadnejad Daryoush , Hosseini Nasrin , Esmaeili Abolghasem
Published: January 2014

The number of older people who are suffering from memory impairment is increasing among populations throughout the world. Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects about 5% of people over 65 years old. The hippocampus, a brain area critical for learning and memory, is especially vulnerable to damage in the early stages of AD. Emerging evidence suggests that loss of neurons and synapses are correlated with dementia in this devastating disease. Therefore, neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in adulthood could serve as a preventive as well as a therapeutic target for AD. This study investigated the effect of Rosa damascena extract on neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in an animal model of AD. Molecular, cellular, and behavioral experiments revealed that this treatment could induce neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity and improve memory in AD. Our study suggests that R. damascena is a promising treatment for mild memory impairments and AD. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Seasonal dependence of factors of year‐to‐year variations in South China AOD and Hong Kong air quality
Authors: Wu Renguang
Published: January 2014

This study investigates the year‐to‐year variations in aerosol optical depth (AOD) over South China and plausible connections with Hong Kong air quality changes. The inter‐annual variability of AOD over South China is found to display a pronounced seasonal dependence, with the largest standard deviation in October and March, which is about two times of that in January. Hong Kong Air Pollution Index (API) also shows the largest variability in October and March.

Analysis shows that the precipitation and circulation pattern associated with inter‐annual variations of aerosol over South China is very different depending on the season. In October, precipitation decrease and anomalous lower‐level wind convergence contribute to an increase in aerosol. In July, anomalous lower‐level wind convergence contributes to an increase in both aerosol and precipitation. In March, the aerosol change has no obvious statistical relationship with local precipitation change, and the transport by anomalous winds appears to be a main factor for aerosol variations. The link between year‐to‐year changes in Hong Kong air quality and South China aerosol displays a strong seasonality. While the air quality change in Hong Kong is associated with regional aerosol, precipitation, and wind changes over South China in October and July, the air quality change in March appears to be related to local factors. The link of Hong Kong air quality to regional precipitation changes over South China tends to be opposite in October and July. This study points out the necessity of distinguishing the individual seasons when addressing the year‐to‐year changes in aerosol and air quality. The seasonal dependence of the aerosol–precipitation relationship may include the effects of the mean state, the meteorological condition, and the role of atmospheric circulation.
Ja zur Matrikel, nein zum Hörsaal
Authors: Rauh Franziska
Published: January 2014

Mehr als 300 000 Schüler bestanden im Jahr 2012 in Deutschland ihr Abitur. Nicht alle wussten gleich, ob und was sie studieren mochten. Auf die Vorteile einer Immatrikulationsbescheinigung wollten viele trotzdem nicht verzichten — sie schrieben sich einfach mal für einen Physikstudiengang ein.
Rohstoffmärkte — Handel mit Kupfer und heißer Luft?
Authors: Jakobi Rolf
Published: January 2014

Wenn sogar Großunternehmen sich zusammentun, um über eine gesicherte Rohstoffversorgung zu beraten, ist die Lage ernst. Doch nicht nur die Versorgung gibt zur Besorgnis Anlass — vielmehr scheint das gesamte Marktsystem des Rohstoffhandels aus den Fugen geraten zu sein.
Observer based repetitive learning control for a class of nonlinear systems with non‐parametric uncertainties
Authors: Huang Deqing , Xu Jian‐Xin , Yang Shiping , Jin Xu
Published: January 2014

In this paper, a repetitive learning control (RLC) scheme is developed for a class of nonlinear systems to handle an output tracking problem, where two state observers are introduced concurrently to estimate the unavailable control system and reference states information. The estimation of reference state information is because of the lack of reference internal model in the RLC design. By virtue of the periodicity of reference signals and the associated learning capability in control mechanism, the involved unstructured nonlinear uncertainties can be handled. The Lyapunov‐like energy function method is adopted to facilitate the learning control design as well as property analysis thus achieve the asymptotical convergence of errors in state observation and output tracking simultaneously. Moreover, owing to the robustification of the learning controller that is addressed by incorporating projection, the proposed control scheme would be applicable in practice. In the end, an illustrative example is simulated to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed RLC law. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enrollment “Management” Isn't Good Enough Anymore! Enrollment Leadership for a Campus Transformation
Authors: Lingrell Scot
Published: January 2014

In his chapter titled “Integrating Evolving Perspectives: The Roots and Wings of Strategic Enrollment Management,” Stanley Henderson () provides an excellent analysis of the genesis of strategic enrollment management (SEM) and its progression through forty or so years as a profession. He describes a profession born out of necessity which remains critical to the overall decision making on college campuses. Henderson credits the many men and women who have nurtured the profession through the trials and tribulations that refined it into what is now called strategic enrollment management.
Low‐Volume Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation Alongside a Strong Living Donor Liver Transplantation Service
Authors: Chu Kevin K. W. , Chan See Ching , Sharr William W. , Chok Kenneth S. H. , Dai Wing Chiu , Lo Chung Mau
Published: January 2014

Background

At our center, living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is the main workload supported by a strong, mature service. Deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) is performed but in small volume. This study aimed to review the results of a low‐volume DDLT service alongside a strong LDLT service.

Methods

Consecutive DDLTs for adults performed from 1991 to 2009 were reviewed. The 1st to the 50th DDLTs were categorized as Era I cases, and the rest were Era II cases. The outcomes of the DDLTs were analyzed and compared with those achieved overseas.

Results

Eras I and II consisted of 59 and 183 DDLTs, respectively. All donors were brain‐dead and heart‐beating with a median age of 49 years (range 7–76 years). Among the 242 DDLTS, 30.2 % were on a high‐urgency basis and 15.3 % were for hepatocellular carcinoma. The patients had a median model for end‐stage liver disease score of 21 (range 6–40), and most (67.8 %) were hepatitis B virus carriers. Before transplantation, 16.1 % of the patients were in the intensive care unit and 30.2 % were in the hospital. The hospital mortality rate dropped from 13.6 % (8/59) during Era I to 3.8 % (7/183) during Era II (p = 0.012). For Era I, the 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year survival rates were 84.7, 79.7, and 76.3 %, respectively, which improved to 92.9, 89.0 and 87.2 % for Era II (p = 0.026).

Conclusions

The recipient survival of this series compares favorably with contemporary series. It is shown that a low‐volume DDLT service alongside a strong LDLT service can have excellent results.
A Qualitative Study Assessing the Barriers to Implementation of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
Authors: Lyon Alison , Solomon Michael J. , Harrison James D.
Published: January 2014

Background

Previous studies have quantitatively assessed Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guideline implementation and compliance, and identified the existence of compliance issues with the programs. This is the first study to qualitatively assess the reasons behind compliance issues in ERAS programs. The aim of this study was to elicit barriers to implementation and functioning of the ERAS program at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital.

Methods

A series of interviews were carried out with key stakeholders in order to explore barriers preventing effective functioning of the program 1 year after implementation. Interview transcripts were analysed. Data analysis involved a grounded theory methodology.

Results

Analysis of the data identified four key themed areas of practice that presented barriers: patient‐related factors, staff‐related factors, practice‐related issues, and resources. These overarching themes were generated from subcategories that were linked to generate theory.

Conclusions

For the ERAS program to be implemented successfully with high levels of element compliance, the four key areas need to be addressed. As barriers to ongoing effective care become apparent, these should be managed in order to optimize the synergistic effects of this multimodal program of patient care.