bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Significance of Patient-Reported Outcomes for Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Hillebrand Larissa Elisabeth , Söling Ulrike , Marschner Norbert
Published: January 2022

Background: Breast cancer is still the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Once metastasized, breast cancer treatment primarily aims at reducing symptom burden, thereby trying to maintain and improve a patient’s quality of life (QoL), delaying disease progression, and prolonging survival. Curing the disease is not possible in the palliative setting. To better understand metastatic breast cancer patients, their symptoms, and wishes, which are important for treatment decision making and outcome, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are of great importance, giving an impression of what really matters to and concerns a patient. Summary: Many advances have been made to implicate PROs in clinical trials, non-interventional studies, registries, and clinical routine care of metastatic breast cancer. For example, large phase III trials like PALOMA-3 (NCT01942135), MONALEESA-7 (NCT02278120), HER2CLIMB (NCT02614794), and KEYNOTE-119 (NCT02555657) trials implemented PROs in their trial design to assess the QoL of their trial patients. Also, non-interventional studies on metastatic breast cancer, e.g., the NABUCCO study (IOM-02240), and prospective non-interventional, multicenter registries, e.g., the tumor registry breast cancer (NCT01351584) or the breast cancer registry platform OPAL (NCT03417115), have implemented PROs to assess QoL during the anticancer treatment periods of the patients. Key Message: Using PROs in metastatic breast cancer can support shared treatment decision making and management of symptoms, eventually leading to an improvement in QoL. Progressively, regulatory authorities take PROs into consideration for the approval of new drugs. Hence, the implication of PROs in cancer treatment, and especially in MBC, is of significant value.
Perseu Abramo: Jornalismo e Poder no Neo-Blanqui
Authors: Venancio Rafael Duarte Oliveira
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo pretende analisar a ligação entre jornalismo e poder político no período da democratização do Brasil nos anos 80. Iniciando com a relação teórica da dicotomia democracia-jornalismo, o foco principal está na Teoria da Manipulação da Imprensa, pensada por Perseu Abramo. Estamos aqui na busca pelo solo no qual esse pensamento foi construído, além de ver a possibilidade de uma analogia com o revolucionário Louis-Auguste Blanqui
Ritmo Louco: juventude, resistência e nostalgia em Footloose
Authors: Alves Mariana de Souza
Published: January 2022

A resenha identifica e discute os conceitos de juventude, resistência e nostalgia no filme “Footloose: ritmo louco”, de 1984. Dirigido por Herbet Ross, o filme constitui um interessante objeto de estudo por seu enredo principal: um garoto da cidade grande que se muda para o interior e se depara com uma sociedade retrógrada e conservadora, que proibiu a dança e vê o rock and roll como uma coisa do demônio. Unindo-se a um grupo que inclui a filha do reverendo da localidade, Ren (Kevin Bacon), vai lutar para reconquistar o direito de dançar para os jovens. Baseando-se em textos de pesquisadores como João Freire Filho e Jameson, discutimos as relações entre o longa-metragem e as já mencionadas teorias
A Representação do Leitor Modernista Sul-Baiano em Iararana visto sob a Perspectiva da Estética da Recepção
Authors: Teixeira Júnior Nelson de Jesus , Pina Patrícia K. C.
Published: January 2022

Estudo da representação do leitor modernista sul baiano em Iararana, numa perspectiva da Teoria do Efeito de Wolfgang Iser. Iararana acabou sendo um instrumento que facilitou não somente a instalação das idéias modernistas na Bahia, mas também, a ampliação do leitorado sul baiano, num processo de reconstrução de certos paradigmas existentes naquela época. O trabalho aqui proposto parte da investigação de elementos introjetados no poema em tela que funcionariam como “guias” de leitura. Tais “guias” viabilizariam maneiras de apropriação do texto pelo leitor
Entre o Ler e o Fazer: a relação dos mitos sociais de feminino e masculino nas revistas com o modo de vida de seus leitores
Authors: Schuster Aline Josiane , Casali Caroline
Published: January 2022

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar se os mitos encontrados nas revistas femininas e masculinas se aplicam no dia-a-dia de seus leitores, constituindo neles novas formas de ser e agir. Para tanto, foram estudadas pesquisas que analisaram os mitos de revistas femininas e masculinas e, após este estudo, foram aplicados questionários a leitores voluntários, buscando estabelecer comparação entre os hábitos desses leitores e os mitos evidenciados nas revistas que consomem. Levou-se em conta, para a pesquisa, a noção de contrato de leitura de Verón (1983) e de mito barthesiano. Em suma, os resultados apontam para uma leitora que faz uso das dicas propostas pelos periódicos, enquanto que leitores do gênero masculino obtêm nas revistas simples forma de entretenimento
Os Anos de Chumbo e a Produção Televisiva: a revolução feminista no seriado Malu Mulher
Authors: Mota Manoel Santos , Silva Geovani de Jesus
Published: January 2022

O artigo investiga o Seriado Malu Mulher em suas vinculações com as idéias e pautas políticas e culturais do Movimento Feminista Brasileiro dos anos 1970. Procuramos analisar, nos limites do estudo, a atuação do Feminismo ao longo dos anos de chumbo e a representação do cenário social da época construída pela obra televisual, com vistas a demonstrar os discursos produzidos sobre o tema da condição feminina, naquele tenso contexto da História Brasileira. Por fim, esta análise objetiva também apresentar as interrelações produzidas entre a História e a Televisão, e apresentar a importância de Malu Mulher como um poderoso espaço de discussão do feminino e das Relações de Gênero. Além disso, desejamos aqui militar pela utilização da imagem – tomada como documento áudio-visual – como fonte epistemológica para o trabalho intelectual
A Contribuição das Histórias em Quadrinhos de Super-Heróis para a Formação de Leitores Críticos
Authors: Silva Rafael Laytynher
Published: January 2022

As histórias em quadrinhos surgiram entre o final do século XIX e começo do século XX. Elas passaram a ser chamadas assim, quando foram introduzidos balões com falas de personagens nos desenhos. Por serem um produto de grande circulação, muitas mensagens ideológicas foram inseridas nas histórias e na composição dos personagens. Assim, esse artigo busca estudar o gênero textual “histórias em quadrinhos”: sua origem, importância e simbolismo na história contemporânea; entender o conceito de herói, super-herói e anti-herói, exemplificando a partir da composição dos personagens Batman, Superman e O Justiceiro; pesquisar sobre ideologias nas histórias em quadrinhos e nos personagens citados e observar como o leitor pode ser estimulado à prática da leitura crítica por meio do conhecimento de tais ideologias
Geotagging, Hiperlocalidade e as suas influências no Jornalismo Contemporâneo
Authors: Gomes Rafael de Jesus , Vieira Eloy
Published: January 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo explicar de que forma funcionam esses dispositivos que tem como finalidade a posição geográfica e o senso de localização através de ferramentas altamente tecnológicas. Suas utilidades vão de aprimoramento das relações de consumo à produção de conteúdo Jornalístico mudando significativamente a forma como os usuários absorvem a informação. A partir disso, este trabalho realizou uma pesquisa de campo a partir de análises de diversos pesquisadores na área e também um breve mapeamento de portais que utilizam a hiperlocalidade como recurso na produção de conteúdo no Brasil
O Local e o Global em Luanda Beira Bahia
Authors: Santos Glauce Souza
Published: January 2022

Esta resenha objetiva analisar a relação local/global e a construção da identidade nacional na obra Luanda Beira Bahia do escritor baiano Adonias Filho. O mesmo se fundamenta na discussão sobre globalização traçada por Milton Santos (2000), na ideia de identidade cultural e culturas nacionais, discutida por Stuart Hall (1999) e na leitura apresentada por Marcos Aurélio Souza (2010) sobre discurso fundacional e mestiçagem
As Retratações das Personagens Femininas em Chaucer: uma leitura de “The Clerk’s Tale” e “The Wife of Bath’s Tale”
Authors: Zaché Fernanda
Published: January 2022

Este estudo pretende fazer uma análise comparativa das personagens femininas da obra The Canterbury Tales, de Geoffrey Chaucer, destacando as semelhanças e dicotomias apresentadas nos contos, pelas personagens femininas, tecendo considerações ao ponto de vista do autor, considerando-se as inter-relações das estruturas e unidades composicionais dos contos. O corpus escolhido contemplou dois contos da obra do autor, respectivamente “The Wife of Bath’s Tale” e “The Clerk’s Tale”. A obra medieval do século XIV traz conteúdos relevantes, passíveis de consideração e análise, principalmente por apresentar traços contemporâneos. A partir da análise comparativa entre as personagens, suas divergentes personalidades e comportamentos, foram utilizados como embasamento teórico autores como Catharine Macaulay, Ralph Wardle e Mary Wolstonecraft com o clássico The Vindication of the Rights of Woman, que alicerçou as bases do feminismo moderno
Do Totalitarismo à Democracia Contemporânea: uma análise sobre a formação da imagem pública do líder político
Authors: Pereira Bruno Buscariolli , Morgado Carlos Eduardo Mineo , Rocatelli Júnior Ivan Newton
Published: January 2022

Este estudo tem o intuito de identificar e analisar os mecanismos que agem na construção da imagem do líder político e o modo que ocorre esta formação, perscrutando tanto a semiótica envolvida no processo de criação da imagem quanto a maneira que o público vincula esta imagem a determinados símbolos e como essa visão propaga-se pelo meio social, sendo ressignificada e retransmitida pelas massas, ao ponto de fixar uma concepção majoritária sobre o indivíduo político. Ainda, valendo-se da aplicação da Teoria Crítica da Comunicação e dos Estudos Culturais de tal forma que se possam desvendar as engrenagens que regem a relação entre as massas e o líder político, isto é, como aquelas interagem com a representação do personagem e participam do processo de fomentação, positiva ou não, desta personalidade e as condições socioculturais em que ocorre esta interação
Dora Ferreira da Silva e os Ecos de Narciso
Authors: Freitas Jamille Rabelo de
Published: January 2022

Neste trabalho objetivamos analisar como se dá o entrelaçamento do mito de Narciso com as figuras mitológicas da ninfa Eco e do profeta Tirésias. Partindo do reflexo de Narciso na lírica de Dora Ferreira da Silva e amparados pelos estudos do imaginário, de Ana Maria Lisboa de Mello, trataremos da problemática do olhar e do relacionamento com o Outro
Fantasia e uma nova dimensão sonora: Convergência de linguagens musical, artística e cinematográfica
Authors: Pegoraro Celbi Vagner Melo
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise da produção artística e técnica do filme Fantasia (1940) de Walt Disney e seus efeitos comunicacionais que resultaram em uma nova experiência sonora e dimensional para o público que assistia a uma combinação inédita entre cinema, arte da animação, música clássica e ao primeiro sistema de som estereofônico. Além disso, traça um panorama da recepção do filme em seu lançamento original pela análise da crítica de intelectuais brasileiros
Porque cortaram O Discurso do Rei?
Authors: Feola Gabriella Garcia Sanches
Published: January 2022

Este artigo trata da polêmica a cerca do filme O Discurso do Rei (2010). O filme, nos Estados Unidos, foi classificado como inapropriado para menores de 17 anos em razão da cena que contém uma sequência de palavrões. Na tentativa de baixar a classificação, o distribuidor americano optou por cortar a cena. O mesmo filme recebeu classificação indicativa de 12 anos no Reino Unido e no Brasil. Este artigo pretende analisar as razões da restrição feita pela MPAA , as razões pelas quais o distribuidor optou por reeditar o filme e questionar a validade de proibir que os adolescentes americanos assistam o filme que trata de superação, em razão de uma sequência de palavrões usada em uma sessão terapêutica. O artigo também questiona os padrões de classificação americanos, que acabam por agrupar em uma só faixa classificativa uma gama de adolescentes em fases diferentes de amadurecimento
Aproximações: Matta-Clark do Soho, Arte/Cidade de São Paulo: O complexo urbano como projeto artístico
Authors: Costa Lucas Ribeiro de Melo
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo busca, através de paralelismos e justaposições, refletir sobre a produção artística nas metrópoles, abordando aspectos socioeconômicos de duas cidades (Nova York e São Paulo) a fim de esclarecer algumas manifestações similares, em diferentes épocas, dessas Urbes. Para isso, foi utilizado como recorte temático, o processo de migração do setor industrial de Nova York e a desindustrialização paulatina em São Paulo na década de 70 e sua influência na produção artística. Desta forma, são abordados os trabalhos do norte-americano Gordon Matta-Clark (1943 – 1978) e diversos artistas que participaram do projeto Arte/Cidade- Zona leste (2002), em São Paulo
Propaganda Política, Meios de Comunicação e Construção Simbólica de Personalidades: propaganda Peronista (1946-1955) e campanha presidencial de Barack Obama (2008)
Authors: Prado Paulo Victor do
Published: January 2022

Esse trabalho apresentará uma breve leitura sobre dois eventos importantes que foram a propaganda peronista e a campanha presidencial de Barack Obama em 2008, baseando-se numa leitura sucinta da Mass Communication Research e Teoria Crítica. Além de procurar apresentar uma possibilidade de entendimento da construção simbólica da imagem de Evita Perón e Obama pela óptica da semiótica peirceana
A Representação das Classes Populares de Belém no Jornal A Província do Pará (1898 e 1911)
Authors: Bastos Nayra Wladimila
Published: January 2022

Este artigo é uma versão reduzida do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso de mesmo nome. Ele usa da Análise de Conteúdo para relacionar história com a prática jornalística na compreensão das matérias publicadas em 1898 e 1911 pelo jornal mais lido de Belém na época, propriedade do intendente Antonio Lemos. A abordagem era influenciada pelas transformações pelas quais passava a cidade, disseminando os ideais de modernidade. Mas ao mesmo tempo em que repreendia os costumes dos populares, A Província buscava a qualidade de suas notícias, construindo sua credibilidade entre seus leitores
Jogos eletrônicos, protagonistas femininas e redução de estereótipos: a série Tomb Raider
Authors: Cruz Carolina de Almeida Gomes da , Pimenta Francisco José Paoliello
Published: January 2022

O presente trabalho aborda a problemática da representação de personagens femininas nos jogos eletrônicos, partindo da hipótese de que o público feminino em crescimento influencia em uma representação menos estereotipada de protagonistas femininas. Considerando esse processo no sentido estético, relação com a temática e efeito nas jogadoras, foram analisadas as mudanças na representação da protagonista Lara Croft em três jogos ao longo da série Tomb Raider. Foi constatada uma redução da forma estereotipada em geral, no sentido estético e na presença mais complexa na narrativa
Jornalismo em dispositivos móveis na RMC
Authors: Silva Mariana Rodrigues , Zanotti Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2022

O jornalismo online não implica apenas em uma transição de plataforma, mas em uma mudança de conceitos e modo de produzir conteúdos noticiosos. Um dos avanços da comunicação nesse campo é o jornalismo produzido para dispositivos móveis, como smartphones e tablets. Este trabalho discute o surgimento do jornalismo online e apresenta um panorama da veiculação de notícias por meio de dispositivos móveis nos 19 municípios que compõem a Região Metropolitana de Campinas (RMC), no interior de São Paulo. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e observação sistemática dos aplicativos de empresas noticiosas encontrados na RMC, foi possível avaliar que ainda é pequeno o investimento local nesse novo instrumento para a divulgação de informações jornalísticas
A máfia em Cidade de Deus e no cinema de Martin Scorsese: aproximações
Authors: Limão Geovany Hércules Mendes
Published: January 2022

Este artigo realiza uma aproximação temática e narrativa entre o filme brasileiro Cidade de Deus (2002) de Fernando Meirelles e Kátia Lund, com os filmes de máfia do diretor ítalo-americano Martin Scorsese, mais precisamente, Quem Bate A Minha Porta (Who’s That Knocking At My Door, 1967),Caminhos Perigosos (Mean Streets, 1973) e Os Bons Companheiros (Goodfellas, 1990). O objetivo é encontrar pontos de contato e sugerir a possibilidade de que os filmes de Scorsese tenham sido referências importantes para o trabalho de Meirelles e Lund
The Palaearctic types of Chrysididae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) deposited in the Linsenmaier collection. Part 2. Elampini: genus Hedychridium Abeille de Perrin, 1878
Authors: ROSA PAOLO , HEIM RENÉ , BERNASCONI MARCO VALERIO
Published: January 2022

An illustrated catalogue of the Palaearctic types of species and subspecies described by Walter Linsenmaier in the genus Hedychridium Abeille de Perrin, 1878 is given. Linsenmaier described 110 species and subspecies of Hedychridium, most of the holotypes are deposited in his collection, at the Natur-Museum (Luzern, Switzerland), with the exception of 25 holotypes which are deposited at the Bristish Museum (London), at the Musée cantonal de zoologie (Lausanne) and in two private collections. Hedychridium atratum is here transferred to Chamaeholopyga Linsenmaier, 1987. Hedychridium krajniki turceyense Linsenmaier, 1968 stat. nov. is upgraded to species rank. The holotype of Hedychridium caireanum Linsenmaier, 1968 is considered lost. A list of the species described and a synthesys of his classification is given. Pictures of 83 primary and secondary types are presented.
Climatology of Aerosols over the Caribbean Islands: Aerosol Types, Synoptic Patterns, and Transport
Authors: Rodríguez Vega Albeht , Antuña-Marrero Juan Carlos , Barriopedro David , García-Herrera Ricardo , Revilla Victoria E. Cachorro , Baraja Ángel de Frutos , Antuña-Sánchez Juan Carlos
Published: January 2022

We present a climatological study of aerosols in four representative Caribbean Sea islands that is based on daily mean values of aerosol optical properties for the period 2008–16, using the aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Ångström exponent (AE) to classify the dominant aerosol type. A climatological assessment of the spatiotemporal distribution of the main aerosol types, their links with synoptic patterns, and the transport from different sources is provided. Maximum values of AOD occur in the rainy season, coinciding with the minimum in AE and an increased occurrence of dust, whereas the minimum of AOD occurs in the dry season, due to the predominance of marine aerosols. Marine and dust aerosol are more frequent in the easternmost islands and decrease westward because of an increase of continental and mixture dust aerosols. Therefore, the westernmost station displays the most heterogeneous composition of aerosols. Using a weather-type classification, we identify a quantifiable influence of the atmospheric circulation in the distribution of Caribbean aerosols. However, they can occur under relatively weak and/or diverse synoptic patterns, typically involving transient systems and specific configurations of the Azores high that depend on the considered station. Backward trajectories indicate that dry-season marine aerosols and rainy-season dust are transported by air parcels traveling within the tropical easterly winds. The main source region for both types of aerosols is the subtropical eastern Atlantic Ocean, except for Cuba, where the largest contributor to dry-season marine aerosols is the subtropical western Atlantic. Different aerosol types follow similar pathways, suggesting a key role of emission sources in determining the spatiotemporal distribution of Caribbean aerosols.
Potential Intensification Rate of Tropical Cyclones in a Simplified Energetically Based Dynamical System Model: An Observational Analysis
Authors: Xu Jing , Wang Yuqing
Published: January 2022

In a recent study by Wang et al. that introduced a dynamical efficiency to the intensification potential of a tropical cyclone (TC) system, a simplified energetically based dynamical system (EBDS) model was shown to be able to capture the intensity dependence of TC potential intensification rate (PIR) in both idealized numerical simulations and observations. Although the EBDS model can capture the intensity dependence of TC intensification as in observations, a detailed evaluation has not yet been done. This study provides an evaluation of the EBDS model in reproducing the intensity-dependent feature of the observed TC PIR based on the best track data for TCs over the North Atlantic and central, eastern, and western North Pacific during 1982–2019. Results show that the theoretical PIR estimated by the EBDS model can capture basic features of the observed PIR reasonably well. The TC PIR in the best track data increases with increasing relative TC intensity [intensity normalized by its corresponding maximum potential intensity (MPI)] and reaches a maximum at an intermediate relative intensity around 0.6, and then decreases with increasing relative intensity to zero as the TC approaches its MPI, as in idealized numerical simulations. Results also show that the PIR for a given relative intensity increases with the increasing MPI and thus increasing sea surface temperature, which is also consistent with the theoretical PIR implied by the EBDS model. In addition, future directions to include environmental effects and make the EBDS model applicable to predict intensity change of real TCs are also discussed.
Comparison of Early-Twentieth-Century Arctic Warming and Contemporary Arctic Warming in the Light of Daily and Subdaily Data
Authors: Przybylak R. , Wyszyn´ski P. , Araz´ny A.
Published: January 2022

A review of many studies published since the late 1920s reveals that the main driving mechanisms responsible for the early-twentieth-century Arctic warming (ETCAW) are not fully recognized. The main obstacle seems to be our limited knowledge about the climate of this period and some forcings. A deeper knowledge based on greater spatial and temporal resolution data is needed. The article provides new (or improved) knowledge about surface air temperature (SAT) conditions (including their extreme states) in the Arctic during the ETCAW. Daily and subdaily data have been used (mean daily air temperature, maximum and minimum daily temperature, and diurnal temperature range). These were taken from 10 individual years (selected from the period 1934–50) for six meteorological stations representing parts of five Arctic climatic regions. Standard SAT characteristics were analyzed (monthly, seasonal, and yearly means), as were rarely investigated aspects of SAT characteristics (e.g., number of characteristic days, day-to-day temperature variability, and the onset, end, and duration of thermal seasons). The results were compared with analogical calculations done for data taken from the contemporary Arctic warming (CAW) period (2007–16). The Arctic experienced warming between the ETCAW and the CAW. The magnitude of warming was greatest in the Pacific (2.7°C) and Canadian Arctic (1.9°C) regions. A shortening of winter and lengthening of summer were noted. Furthermore, the climate was also a little more continental (except the Russian Arctic) and less stable (greater day-to-day variability and diurnal temperature range) during the ETCAW than during the CAW.

Significance Statement

It is well established that human activity (particularly increased greenhouse gas emissions) is the primary driving mechanism of the recent dramatic warming in the Arctic. However, the causes of a similar warming here in the first half of the twentieth century remain uncertain. The limited knowledge about the climate of that period—which mainly results from the low resolution of data—is a significant obstacle to a definitive determination of the forcing mechanisms. Therefore, the main aim of our paper is to improve our understanding of specific aspects of weather and climate (including extremes) using long-term series of daily and subdaily data that have rarely been applied for this purpose. This new, more comprehensive knowledge about the historical Arctic climate should allow the scientific community (particularly climate modelers) to better validate both climate models and reanalysis products and, consequently, to more precisely identify the causes of the early-twentieth-century Arctic warming.
Extreme Precipitating Events in Satellite and Rain Gauge Products over the Sahel
Authors: Sanogo Sidiki , Peyrillé Philippe , Roehrig Romain , Guichard Françoise , Ouedraogo Ousmane
Published: January 2022

Over the recent decades, extreme precipitation events (EPEs) have become more frequent over the Sahel. Their properties, however, have so far received little attention. In this study the spatial distribution, intensity, seasonality, and interannual variability of EPEs are examined, using both a reference dataset based on a high-density rain gauge network over Burkina Faso and 24 precipitation gridded datasets. The gridded datasets are evaluated in depth over Burkina Faso while their commonalities are used to document the EPE properties over the Sahel. EPEs are defined as the occurrence of daily accumulated precipitation exceeding the all-day 99th percentile over a 1° × 1° pixel. Over Burkina Faso, this percentile ranges between 21 and 33 mm day−1. The reference dataset show that EPEs occur in phase with the West African monsoon annual cycle, more frequently during the monsoon core season and during wet years. These results are consistent among the gridded datasets over Burkina Faso but also over the wider Sahel. The gridded datasets exhibit a wide diversity of skills when compared to the Burkinabe reference. The Global Precipitation Climatology Centre Full Data Daily version 1 (GPCC-FDDv1) and the Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation Gauge Reanalysis version 6.0 (GSMaP-gauge-RNL v6.0) are the only products that properly reproduce all of the EPE features examined in this work. The datasets using a combination of microwave and infrared measurements are prone to overestimate the EPE intensity, while infrared-only products generally underestimate it. Their calibrated versions perform better than their uncalibrated (near-real-time) versions. This study finally emphasizes that the lack of rain gauge data availability over the whole Sahel strongly impedes our ability to gain insights in EPE properties.
A Classification Framework for Analyzing the War and Peacemaking Potential of News Media in Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Shabir , Shahzad Farrukh , Ahmad Shirin
Published: January 2022

In this study, we present a contextual model for analyzing the escalatory and de-escalatory trends in media reporting of seven conflicts in Pakistan. For this purpose, we combined findings from both survey and content analysis. While the survey helped to examine the journalists’ perceptions about the security threats of conflicts and the factors that influence the reportage, the content analysis was utilized to analyze the escalatory and de-escalatory characteristics in the coverage. The findings show that high security conflicts lead to a patriotic reporting scenario that results in high escalatory coverage. There is a significant decrease in the escalatory coverage as the assumed threat level of a conflict decreases. Similarly, we found that a conflict in which journalists exercised more relative freedom from pressure groups was reported in de-escalatory fashion. These findings can be useful for strategizing for the implementation of peace journalism in Pakistan in particular and elsewhere in general.
Retinoic Acid Deficiency Underlies the Etiology of Midfacial Defects
Authors: Wu Y. , Kurosaka H. , Wang Q. , Inubushi T. , Nakatsugawa K. , Kikuchi M. , Ohara H. , Tsujimoto T. , Natsuyama S. , Shida Y. , Sandell L.L. , Trainor P.A. , Yamashiro T.
Published: January 2022

Embryonic craniofacial development depends on the coordinated outgrowth and fusion of multiple facial primordia, which are populated with cranial neural crest cells and covered by the facial ectoderm. Any disturbance in these developmental events, their progenitor tissues, or signaling pathways can result in craniofacial deformities such as orofacial clefts, which are among the most common birth defects in humans. In the present study, we show that Rdh10 loss of function leads to a substantial reduction in retinoic acid (RA) signaling in the developing frontonasal process during early embryogenesis, which results in a variety of craniofacial anomalies, including midfacial cleft and ectopic chondrogenic nodules. Elevated apoptosis and perturbed cell proliferation in postmigratory cranial neural crest cells and a substantial reduction in Alx1 and Alx3 transcription in the developing frontonasal process were associated with midfacial cleft in Rdh10-deficient mice. More important, expanded Shh signaling in the ventral forebrain, as well as partial abrogation of midfacial defects in Rdh10 mutants via inhibition of Hh signaling, indicates that misregulation of Shh signaling underlies the pathogenesis of reduced RA signaling-associated midfacial defects. Taken together, these data illustrate the precise spatiotemporal function of Rdh10 and RA signaling during early embryogenesis and their importance in orchestrating molecular and cellular events essential for normal midfacial development.
Axin2+ PDL Cells Directly Contribute to New Alveolar Bone Formation in Response to Orthodontic Tension Force
Authors: Wang K. , Xu C. , Xie X. , Jing Y. , Chen P.J. , Yadav S. , Wang Z. , Taylor R.W. , Wang J. , Feng J.Q.
Published: January 2022

Wnt–β-catenin signaling plays a key role in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), a common clinical practice for malocclusion correction. However, its targeted periodontal ligament (PDL) progenitor cells remain largely unclear. In this study, we first showed a synchronized increase in Wnt–β-catenin levels and Axin2+ PDL progenitor cell numbers during OTM using immunostaining of β-catenin in wild-type mice and X-gal staining in the Axin2-LacZ knock-in line. Next, we demonstrated time-dependent increases in Axin2+ PDL progenitors and their progeny cell numbers within PDL and alveolar bones during OTM using a one-time tamoxifen-induced Axin2 tracing line ( Axin2CreERT2/+; R26RtdTomato/+). Coimmunostaining images displayed both early and late bone markers (such as RUNX2 and DMP1) in the Axin2Lin PDL cells. Conversely, ablation of Axin2+ PDL cells via one-time tamoxifen-induced diphtheria toxin subunit A (DTA) led to a drastic decrease in osteogenic activity (as reflected by alkaline phosphatase) in PDL and alveolar bone. There was also a decrease in new bone mass and a significant reduction in the mineral apposition rate on both the control side (to a moderate degree) and the OTM side (to a severe degree). Thus, we conclude that the Axin2+ PDL cells (the Wnt-targeted key cells) are highly sensitive to orthodontic tension force and play a critical role in OTM-induced PDL expansion and alveolar bone formation. Future drug development targeting the Axin2+ PDL progenitor cells may accelerate alveolar bone formation during orthodontic treatment.
Cumulative Racial and Ethnic Disparities Along the School-to-Prison Pipeline
Authors: Welch Kelly , Lehmann Peter S. , Chouhy Cecilia , Chiricos Ted
Published: January 2022

Using the cumulative disadvantage theoretical framework, the current study explores whether school suspension and expulsion provide an indirect path through which race and ethnicity affect the likelihood of experiencing arrest, any incarceration, and long-term incarceration in adulthood.

To address these issues, we use data from Waves I, II, and IV of the Add Health survey (N = 14,484), and we employ generalized multilevel structural equation models and parametric regression methods using counterfactual definitions to estimate direct and indirect pathways.

We observe that Black (but not Latinx) individuals are consistently more likely than White persons to experience exclusionary school discipline and criminal justice involvement. However, we find a path through which race and Latinx ethnicity indirectly affect the odds of adulthood arrest and incarceration through school discipline.

Disparate exposure to school suspension and expulsion experienced by minority youth contributes to racial and ethnic inequalities in justice system involvement. By examining indirect paths to multiple criminal justice consequences along a continuum of punitiveness, this study shows how discipline amplifies cumulative disadvantage during adulthood for Black and, to a lesser extent, Latinx individuals who are disproportionately funneled through the “school-to-prison pipeline.”
Maternity After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: Can the Use of Biological Fertility Indicators Help? Our Own Experience and Literature-based Recommendations
Authors: Castillo Antonio , Huete María Eugenia , Errasti Tania , Pérez de Lema Guillermo
Published: January 2022

Over the last 5 decades, the fulfillment of maternity wishes in solid organ transplanted women has become a reality. Despite pregnancy contraindication in transplanted women during the early post-transplant period, such a condition can be overcome after 12 months if patients show a good clinical evolution and do not present other general pre-conceptional findings. This article presents the case report of a young female liver transplanted patient that used symptothermal method as a reliable family planning method. After her gestational contraindication was lifted, observation of biological fertility indicators and fertility-guided sexual intercourse helped her fulfill her maternity wish and conceive and carry out a healthy offspring. Based on this case and on the available bibliographic evidence, this paper reviews the potential implications of the use of this kind of approach as a safe and effective alternative to assisted reproduction technology in the management of potential infertility problems in the young female transplanted population, a population which according to literature has higher rates of unsuccessful parenthood and might also be more vulnerable to iatrogenicity of ovarian hyperstimulation process and to multiple pregnancy.
Rumor Has it: “Dementia” A Discourse-Analytical Analysis of Obituaries of People With Dementia
Authors: Heynderickx Priscilla C. , Creten Silke , Dieltjens Sylvain M.
Published: January 2022

Despite the increasing incidence of the condition, people with dementia face a double stigma: ageism and the stigma of mental illness. The stigmatization of the condition has negative consequences, and can even lead to self-stigmatization. To develop adequate education programs to overcome the harmful stigma, the degree and the characteristics of that stigmatization have to be identified. In this study, the content and the language of obituaries of well-known people with dementia are analyzed using a qualitative bottom-up approach. If mentioned, the dementia receives little attention and the information given does not exceed common knowledge. Euphemistic language such as metaphors is introduced not to circumvent the condition, but to palliate its degressive nature.
Legal Pluralism and Science and Technology Studies: Exploring Sources of the Legal Pluriverse
Authors: Turner Bertram , Wiber Melanie G.
Published: January 2022

In introducing the contributions to this special section, we explore the links between social and juridical concepts of normativity and science and technology. We follow the Legal Pluralism challenge to the notion of state law as the sole source of normative order and point to how technological transformation creates a pluralistic legal universe that takes on new shapes under conditions of globalization. We promote a science and technology studies (STS)-inspired reworking of Legal Pluralism and suggest expanding the portfolio of legally effective regimes of ordering to include the normativity generated by materiality and technology. This normativity is amply demonstrated in the case studies included in the papers which make up this special section. We conclude that the inclusion of approaches developed in STS research helps analytically to overcome what we view as an incomplete law project, one unable to deal with the technicized lifeworlds of a global modernity. The contributions to this special section illustrate that technomaterial change cannot be understood without recognition of the role of normative impacts, and conversely, the legal pluriverse cannot be understood without recognition of the normative role of techno-material arrangements.
Critical theory and the future of humanity: A reply to Asger Sørensen
Authors: Jepsen Per
Published: January 2022

The article entails a critical discussion of the book Capitalism, Alienation and Critique by Asger Sørensen. Like Sørensen’s book, it stresses the importance of the first generation of critical theory – especially Horkheimer and Adorno – although Sørensen is at the same time critized for neglecting the insights of Horkheimer and Adornos work from the mid-1940s and onwards. In arguing for the actuality of especially the late Horkheimer, the article emphasizes the following topics: (1) The problems of education and ‘Bildung’, (2) The historical transformation of the critique of Capitalism after the Second World War and (3) The drawbacks of classical humanism when it comes to grasping the current political and ecological crisis.
National Cultural Frames and Muslims’ Economic Incorporation: A Comparison of France and Canada
Authors: Reitz Jeffrey G. , Laxer Emily , Simon Patrick
Published: January 2022

This article shows that differences in the economic incorporation of Muslims and other immigrant minorities in France and in Canada are mainly related to immigrant selectivity, labor market structures, and welfare transfers. Differences in ethno-specific penalties due to national cultural frames — related to multiculturalism in Canada and secular republicanism in France — are small, affect only the second generation, and are related both to minority household patterns and to treatment in mainstream institutions. Using data on household incomes from two large-scale surveys (Trajectories and Origins in France 2008–2009 and the Canadian National Household Survey 2011) and taking account of cross-setting differences in Muslim and other minority origins, we model cross-generational economic trajectories reflecting the impact of immigrant selectivity, labor market structures, and welfare transfers. Within this framework, we examine four ways that cultural frames may affect minority economic disadvantage: the significance of religion relative to race, citizenship access, labor market discrimination, and minority household patterns, including employment of women in couples and intergenerational cohabitation. Across all minorities, we find a striking cross-national difference in intergenerational economic trajectories: flat in France and upward in Canada, plausibly reflecting institutional differences. Net of sociodemographic controls, both religion and race matter in each setting, and net Muslim disadvantage is similar in each. Citizenship differences have little impact. Labor market earnings discrimination appears similar. A small potential effect of cultural frames appears in second-generation Muslim households: in France, lower female employment rates reduce household incomes, while in English-speaking Canada, more frequent cohabitation with more affluent parents increases household incomes. Yet even these findings do not necessarily diminish the overriding significance of immigrant selectivity, labor market structure, and welfare transfers.
“Immersed in World of Warcraft”: A Discursive Study of Identity Management Talk About Excessive Online Gaming
Authors: Kokkini Vasiliki , Tseliou Eleftheria , Abakoumkin Georgios , Bozatzis Nikos
Published: January 2022

Online excessive gaming has been associated with negative player identity constructions depicting an abnormal life-style. Up-to-date, there is limited insight into player identity management talk about excessive online gaming. To address this gap, drawing from discursive and rhetorical psychology, we investigated naturally occurring talk of 134 players of World of Warcraft (WoW) -a Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game (MMORPG)- from three publicly available websites and of five players from one focus group. The analysis illuminated participants’ dilemmatic and contradictory ways of constructing the player identity, while displaying immersion in the game. Participants invoke identity constructions like ‘nolifer’, ‘hardcore’ or ‘clean’ player, which they disavow or assign to themselves and to each other depending on the conversational context, while attending to concerns about (ab)normalcy. The study’s findings highlight a dynamic process of player identity construction in talk, occasioned by and exemplifying the contingencies of the discursive context.
The uneven geography of real estate investment by Mainland Chinese state-owned and private enterprises in the U.S.: Local market conditions, migration, and ethnic networks
Authors: He Lisha , Bennett Mia M , Jiang Ronghao
Published: January 2022

Since the 2010s, foreign direct investment in real estate (FDIRE) by Mainland Chinese firms has emerged as a major force within global real estate markets, challenging Western investors’ traditional dominance. It is unclear, however, whether Mainland Chinese FDIRE is fueled by the same motivations as those of investors from advanced economies, which to date have represented both the primary investors and main objects of study. One major difference may be that Mainland Chinese investment originates in an institutional environment comprised of strong state intervention and social networks important for fostering business and ethnic ties. To uncover the potentially unique determinants and heterogeneity of Mainland Chinese corporate real estate investors, we build and analyze a state-level panel dataset of Mainland Chinese FDIRE by state-owned enterprises and private enterprises in the U.S. from 2010 to 2017. Our empirical results reveal the importance of Chinese migrants in promoting Mainland Chinese real estate investment, especially by private enterprises. Our findings also demonstrate that at the state level, Mainland Chinese FDIRE exhibits few agglomerative tendencies.
‘Oh, Oh Rodeo!!’: American Cowboys and Post-Independence Ireland
Authors: Heffernan Conor
Published: January 2022

In 1924 Tex Austin, an American showman, brought his world travelling Rodeo to Croke Park in Dublin. Coming at a time of significant social and political upheaval in Ireland, Austin's rodeo promised an entirely new kind of spectacle which was free from imperial or British connotations. Austin's rodeo, and cowboy paraphernalia in general, seemed largely immune from cultural suspicions despite the fact that few citizens knew what a rodeo actually entailed. The purpose of the present article is twofold. First it provides a detailed examination of Tex Austin's Dublin Rodeo, and a growing proliferation of cowboy culture in interwar Ireland. Second, it uses Austin's Rodeo and its aftermath, to discuss the rise of cowboy masculinities in Ireland. Done to highlight the multiplicity of masculine identities in the Free State, the article discusses the appeal of cowboy inspired masculinity in Ireland, as well as the mediums through which it passed. Such an identity was not all encompassing but it did exist, and was sustained by the entertainment and leisure industry. Its study reiterates the need for more work on the various pressures and influences brought to bear on Irish masculinity.
Influence of circumferential annular grooving design of impeller on suspended fluid force of axial flow blood pump
Authors: Wang Liang , Yun Zhong , Tang Xiaoyan , Xiang Chuang
Published: January 2022

Aiming at insufficient suspension force on the impeller when the hydraulic suspension axial flow blood pump is start at low speed, the impeller suspension stability is poor, and can’t quickly enter the suspended working state. By establishing the mathematical model of the suspension force on the impeller, then the influence of the circumferential groove depth of the impeller on the suspension force is analyzed, and the annular groove depth on the impeller blade in the direction of fluid inlet and outlet was determined as (0.26, 0.02 mm). When the blood pump starts, there is an eccentricity between the impeller and the pump tube, the relationship between the suspension force and the speed of the impeller under different eccentricities is analyzed. Combined with the prototype experiment, the circumferential annular grooving design of the impeller can make the blood pump rotate at about 3500 rpm into the suspension state, when the impeller is at 8000 rpm, the impeller can basically achieve stable suspension at the eccentricity of 0.1 mm in the gravity direction, indicating that the reasonable circumferential annular grooving design of the impeller can effectively improve the suspension hydraulic force of the impeller and improve the stability of the hydraulic suspension axial flow blood pump.
Self-Organizing Special Districts: A Tool for Community Change and Development
Authors: An Brian Y.
Published: January 2022

Can self-organizing special districts created from the bottom up be a tool for community change and development? Focusing on community services districts in California, this study introduces the context in which communities opt out of a county service system to reshape their governing structure for better representation. The empirical part measures their effectiveness, using single-family home sale prices as an impact metric. Leveraging multi-level difference-in-difference hedonic regression methods, the analysis shows that district formation increases the prices annually up to 16 percent, compared to both the surrounding and distant county service areas, indicating their efficacy as a tool for community change and development.
Out of the Closet: Nurse Practitioner Faculty Knowledge, Comfort and Willingness to Incorporate LGBTQ2SA Content into the Curriculum
Authors: Ziegler Erin , Charnish Erin , DeCiantis Natalie
Published: January 2022

Background

To improve the health of LGBTQ2SA individuals, nurse practitioners need to increase their knowledge related to the health needs of sexual and gender minorities. However, nurse practitioners often feel unprepared as a result of a lack of content in their educational training. In order to better understand the current state of nurse practitioner education around sexual and gender minorities, it is critical to assess educational preparedness and faculty knowledge teaching the content. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and experience of nurse practitioner faculty in Ontario around LGBTQ2SA health and their comfort level teaching this material in the nurse practitioner program.

Methods

This quantitative descriptive study used purposeful sampling to recruit faculty from the Ontario Primary Health Care Nurse Practitioner Program. Data was collected using a modified survey administered on the Opinio platform.

Results

Twenty-three individuals completed the study. Most participants felt that LGBTQ2SA health content was important, but rarely or never taught. The most frequently identified strategies to promote faculty readiness to integration of LGBTQ2SA health topics into the curriculum included faculty development seminars, reviewing curriculum to identify gaps and partnering and utilizing LGBTQ2SA specific agencies as clinical sites.

Conclusions

Results indicate that barriers exist at the faculty level which may limit the extent to which LGBTQ2SA health topics are incorporated into the curriculum. Supporting faculty to develop their knowledge and comfort with this topic will allow them to better educate students to care for LGBTQ2SA clients.