bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Dynamical Behavior of Reconnection-driven Termination Shocks in Solar Flares: Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations
Authors: Shen Chengcai , Kong Xiangliang , Guo Fan , Raymond John C. , Chen Bin
Published: December 2018

In eruptive solar flares, termination shocks (TSs), formed when high-speed reconnection outflows collide with closed dense flaring loops, are believed to be one of the possible candidates for plasma heating and particle acceleration. In this work, we perform resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations in a classic Kopp–Pneuman flare configuration to study the formation and evolution of TSs, and we analyze in detail the dynamic features of TSs and variations of the shock strength in space and time. This research focuses on the fast-reconnection phase when plasmoids form and produce small-scale structures inside the flare current sheet. It is found that the TS emerges once the downward outflow colliding with closed magnetic loops becomes supermagnetosonic and immediately becomes highly dynamical. The morphology of a TS can be flat, oblique, or curved depending on the detailed interactions between the outflows/plasmoids and the highly dynamic plasma in the loop-top region. The TS becomes weaker when a plasmoid is crossing through, or may even be destroyed by well-developed plasmoids and then reconstructed above the plasmoids. We also perform detailed statistical analysis on important physical quantities along and across the shock front. The density and temperature ratios range from 1 to 3 across the TS front, and the pressure ratio typically has larger values up to 10. We show that weak guide fields do not strongly affect the Mach number and compression ratios, and the TS length becomes slightly larger in the case with thermal conduction.
Dust Polarization toward Embedded Protostars in Ophiuchus with ALMA. II. IRAS 16293-2422
Authors: Sadavoy Sarah I. , Myers Philip C. , Stephens Ian W. , Tobin John , Kwon Woojin , Segura-Cox Dominique , Henning Thomas , Commerçon Benoît , Looney Leslie
Published: December 2018

We present high-resolution (∼35 au) ALMA Band 6 1.3 mm dust polarization observations of IRAS 16293. These observations spatially resolve the dust polarization across the two protostellar sources and toward the filamentary structures between them. The dust polarization and inferred magnetic field have complicated structures throughout the region. In particular, we find that the magnetic field is aligned parallel to three filamentary structures. We characterize the physical properties of the filamentary structure that bridges IRAS 16293A and IRAS 16293B and estimate a magnetic field strength of 23–78 mG using the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method. We construct a toy model for the bridge material assuming that the young stars dominate the mass and gravitational potential of the system. We find that the expected gas flow to each star is of comparable order to the Alfvén speed, which suggests that the field may be regulating the gas flow. We also find that the bridging material should be depleted in ∼103 yr. If the bridge is part of the natal filament that formed the stars, then it must have accreted new material. Alternatively, the bridge could be a transient structure. Finally, we show that the 1.3 mm polarization morphology of the optically thick IRAS 16293B system is qualitatively similar to dust self-scattering. Based on similar polarization measurements at 6.9 mm, we propose that IRAS 16293B has produced a substantial population of large dust grains with sizes between 200 and 2000 μm.
Determining the Core Radio Luminosity Function of Radio AGNs via Copula
Authors: Yuan Zunli , Wang Jiancheng , Worrall D. M. , Zhang Bin-Bin , Mao Jirong
Published: December 2018

The radio luminosity functions (RLFs) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are traditionally measured based on total emission, which does not reflect the current activity of the central black hole. The increasing interest in compact radio cores of AGNs motivates determination of the RLF based on core emission (i.e., core RLF). In this work we have established a large sample (totaling 1207) of radio-loud AGNs, mainly consisting of radio galaxies (RGs) and steep-spectrum radio quasars (SSRQs). Based on the sample, we explore the relationship between core luminosity (L

c
) and total luminosity (L

t
) via a powerful statistical tool called “Copula.” The conditional probability distribution

is obtained. We derive the core RLF as a convolution of

with the total RLF that was determined by previous work. We relate the separate RG and SSRQ core RLFs via a relativistic beaming model and find that SSRQs have an average Lorentz factor of

, and that most are seen within 8° ≲ θ ≲ 45° of the jet axis. Compared with the total RLF, which is mainly contributed by extended emission, the core RLF shows a very weak luminosity-dependent evolution, with the number density peaking around z ∼ 0.8 for all luminosities. Differences between core and total RLFs can be explained in a framework involving a combination of density and luminosity evolutions where the cores have significantly weaker luminosity evolution than the extended emission.
COLOSSUS: A Python Toolkit for Cosmology, Large-scale Structure, and Dark Matter Halos
Authors: Diemer Benedikt
Published: December 2018

This paper introduces Colossus, a public, open-source python package for calculations related to cosmology, the large-scale structure (LSS) of matter in the universe, and the properties of dark matter halos. The code is designed to be fast and easy to use, with a coherent, well-documented user interface. The cosmology module implements Friedman–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker cosmologies including curvature, relativistic species, and different dark energy equations of state, and provides fast computations of the linear matter power spectrum, variance, and correlation function. The LSS module is concerned with the properties of peaks in Gaussian random fields and halos in a statistical sense, including their peak height, peak curvature, halo bias, and mass function. The halo module deals with spherical overdensity radii and masses, density profiles, concentration, and the splashback radius. To facilitate the rapid exploration of these quantities, Colossus implements more than 40 different fitting functions from the literature. I discuss the core routines in detail, with particular emphasis on their accuracy. Colossus is available at bitbucket.org/bdiemer/colossus.
Testing the ABS Method with the Simulated Planck Temperature Maps
Authors: Yao Jian , Zhang Le , Zhao Yuxi , Zhang Pengjie , Santos Larissa , Zhang Jun
Published: December 2018

In this study, we apply the Analytical method of Blind Separation (ABS) of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from foregrounds to estimate the CMB temperature power spectrum from multi-frequency microwave maps. We test the robustness of the ABS estimator and assess the accuracy of the power spectrum recovery using realistic simulations based on the seven-frequency Planck data, including various frequency-dependent and spatially varying foreground components (synchrotron, free–free, thermal dust, and anomalous microwave emission), as well as an uncorrelated Gaussian-distributed instrumental noise. Considering no prior information about the foregrounds, the ABS estimator can analytically recover the CMB power spectrum over almost all scales with less than 0.5% error for maps where the Galactic plane region (

) is masked out. To further test the flexibility and effectiveness of the ABS approach in a variety of situations, we apply the ABS to the simulated Planck maps in three cases: (1) without any mask, (2) imposing a two-times-stronger synchrotron emission, and (3) including only the Galactic plane region (

) in the analysis. In such extreme cases, the ABS approach can still provide an unbiased estimate of band powers at the level of 1 μK2 on average over all ℓ ranges, and the recovered powers are consistent with the input values within 1σ for most ℓ bins.
Diversity and distribution of food plants: Implications for conservation of the critically endangered Hainan gibbon
Authors: Zhang Zhidong , Zang Runguo
Published: December 2018

An understanding of the diversity and distribution patterns of Hainan gibbon (Nomascushainanus) foods is essential to its conservation. We used data from plots in various successional stages and Pinusmerkusii plantations (PF) of Bawangling National Nature Reserve (BNNR) to compare variations in food species diversity and composition amongst forest types. A total of 85 food species and 16,882 food plants individuals were found across forest types. Habitat-exclusive food species were most abundant in old growth natural forest (OGF), followed by mid-aged natural secondary forest (MSF). We did not find exclusive species in PF. For all food species, as well as each stem size class, PF displayed a lower species richness and abundance and, in addition, less similar species composition in each age class compared to secondary forests. The highest stem density and species richness were found in MSF. The abundance of food trees was higher in MSF and OGF than in young natural secondary forest. Results suggested that MSF could serve as an alternative habitat for Hainan gibbons after short-term recovery. Hainan gibbons might be limited to secondary forests older than 25 years old. PF was found to be unsuitable for Hainan gibbons.
Phylogenetic and morphological discord indicates introgressive hybridisation in two genera of Australian millipedes (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)
Authors: Decker Peter
Published: December 2018

Discord between molecular and morphological datasets was observed in two pairs of species of Australian millipedes in the family Paradoxosomatidae using morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis (mitochondrial COI rDNA and 16 rRNA, and nuclear 28S rRNA). Close to the presumed distributional boundary betweenPogonosternumnigrovirgatum(Carl, 1912) andPogonosternumjeekeliDecker, 2017, near Dargo in Central Gippsland, Victoria,Pogonosternumspecimens were collected which are phylogenetically closer toP.jeekeliin COI and 16S sequences, but are morphologically closer toP.nigrovirgatum.At Mount Osmond, Adelaide, South Australia, eight morphologically typicalSomethuscastaneus(Attems, 1944) specimens were collected are phylogenetically closer toS.castaneusin 28S genealogy, but three of the eight are closer toS.lanceariusJeekel, 2002 in COI genealogy. These two cases are discussed in terms of hybridisation, past introgressive hybridisation events and aberrant morphology.
A new species of the genus Deinodryinus Perkins (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae) from the USA
Authors: Speranza Stefano , Olmi Massimo , Guglielmino Adalgisa , Contarini Mario
Published: December 2018

A new species ofDeinodryinusPerkins, 1907, is described from the USA, Texas:D.bimaculatussp. n. Morphologically the new species is similar toD.masneri(Olmi, 1984), but it is distinguished by the head lacking a frontal line and the forewing crossed by two dark transverse bands; inD.masnerithe head shows a conspicuous frontal line and the forewing is hyaline and without dark transverse bands.
Mouvements temporels dans le processus thérapeutique
Authors: Boisseuil Anne
Published: December 2018

Nous nous intéressons aux processus temporels engagés dans une thérapie avec une adolescente. Nous décrivons le mouvement transférentiel au travers de ses temporalités subjectives chez la jeune fille mais aussi chez le thérapeute. Nous élaborons ce processus en trois temps recouvrant la subjectivation de la patiente. Les éprouvés sensoriels, émotionnels et agis dans le contre-transfert seront des points de compréhension et d’historisation inconsciente du processus thérapeutique.
Autismes et processus adolescent
Authors: Chocron Michael , Krieger-Denou Hélène
Published: December 2018

Dans le cadre des autismes peu de travaux se sont intéressés jusqu’à présent à essayer de caractériser comment le processus adolescent agit sur ces sujets. Dans cet article, nous proposons une lecture de certains concepts fondamentaux issus de l’œuvre de Freud et Philippe Gutton concernant l’adolescence à l’aune des connaissances concernant l’autisme en se basant sur les travaux de G. Haag, R. Roussillon, D. Meltzer, M. Rhode et D. Anzieu qui permettent d’appréhender le fonctionnement archaïque.
La biologie, la réflexivité et l’histoire : Réinscrire Canguilhem dans son milieu
Authors: Gabel Isabel
Published: December 2018

La philosophie de Canguilhem s’est développée dans un contexte particulier, celui d’une période – les années 1930 et 1940 – où la biologie était devenue un objet d’intérêt pour quelques jeunes philosophes français. Cet article souhaite questionner certaines convergences intellectuelles afin de montrer que Canguilhem ne fut pas isolé dans son projet d’élaborer une réflexion philosophique fondée sur les sciences de la vie. Pour Raymond Aron, ce fut la crise épistémologique du transformisme français qui fut l’occasion de réinvestir la problématique de la philosophie de l’histoire. Dans son livre de 1931, Le Problème de l’évolution , Maurice Caullery avait soutenu que, bien que l’existence de mécanismes lamarckiens n’ait pas été démontrée dans le présent, ceux-ci avaient dû être à l’œuvre dans le passé. Comme Aron s’appliqua à le montrer en 1938 dans son Introduction à la philosophie de l’histoire , ce geste épistémique rendait possible le déploiement d’une théorie de l’histoire. Ce fut l’embryologie qui permit à Raymond Ruyer d’opérer la transition d’un formalisme mécaniste vers un finalisme néomatérialiste. Ce n’est qu’après avoir été instruit auprès d’Étienne Wolff, durant les années où ils furent tous deux prisonniers de guerre, que Ruyer fut capable de faire toute sa place à la temporalité au sein de son matérialisme philosophique. Les exemples d’Aron et de Ruyer nous montrent que la rencontre de Canguilhem avec la biologie ne fut pas un cas unique, et aident en particulier à comprendre la signification et l’importance pour l’élaboration de sa propre pensée de la réflexivité et de l’histoire.
Canguilhem avec Goldstein : De la normativité de la vie à la normativité de la connaissance
Authors: Moya Diez Ivan
Published: December 2018

Dans sa thèse de médecine de 1943 sur le normal et le pathologique, Georges Canguilhem se sert largement des idées de Kurt Goldstein lorsqu’il définit la normalité comme la capacité de l’organisme à créer de nouvelles normes de vie dans un débat polarisé avec son milieu. Pourtant, il déclara ensuite que les conceptions de Goldstein avaient constitué pour lui un « encouragement et non une inspiration ». Les archives personnelles de Canguilhem nous permettent effectivement de considérer le rapport de Canguilhem à Goldstein comme une convergence plutôt que comme une influence mais surtout, l’usage que Canguilhem fait de Goldstein nous permet de mieux saisir la portée de ses propres idées. Nous interrogeons dans une première partie la conception holiste de l’organisme de Goldstein, dans ses rapports à la gestalt-théorie et à Kant, conception qui se réfère au processus d’actualisation de l’essence de l’organisme dans son rapport avec le milieu. Ceci nous permet d’appréhender l’usage que fait Canguilhem de certains concepts et idées de Goldstein pour élaborer son propre concept de normativité vitale. Dans une deuxième partie, nous nous proposons de comprendre la manière dont Canguilhem pose le problème du rapport de la connaissance à la normativité vitale à partir de sa lecture des textes du neurologue allemand.
De la science des monstres : Canguilhem et la tératologie expérimentale d’Étienne Wolff
Authors: Vagelli Matteo
Published: December 2018

Dans cet article nous souhaitons montrer comment la connaissance approfondie que Canguilhem avait de la tératologie expérimentale a contribué à ses analyses des concepts d’anomalie et d’anormalité. Dans la première partie de l’article, après avoir retracé l’intérêt de Canguilhem pour les travaux d’Étienne Wolff grâce à l’analyse des textes préparatoires de sa thèse de 1943, nous clarifions les conceptions canguilhémiennes concernant, d’abord, l’équivalence ontologique a priori de toute forme vivante, et, deuxièmement, la nécessité épistémologique « d’éclairer par la connaissance des formations monstrueuses celle des formations normales ». Dans la deuxième partie de l’article, nous nous concentrons sur les contributions spécifiques apportées par les pratiques expérimentales de Wolff aux réflexions canguilhémiennes sur les concepts de totalité d’un organisme vivant et d’irréversibilité des phénomènes vitaux. Nous terminons en observant les conséquences de la « révolution moléculaire » des années 1960 sur la tératologie et en tirant des conclusions plus générales sur la manière dont l’étude des monstres met en lumière certains des aspects méthodologiques propres à l’épistémologie historique.
Health Literacy Knowledge and Experiences of Senior Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: Cormier Catherine M. , Kotrlik Joe W.
Published: December 2018

This study assessed the health literacy knowledge and experiences of senior baccalaureate nursing students enrolled at state universities in Louisiana. A total of 361 nursing students at eight institutions completed the Health Literacy Knowledge and Experience Survey. Results indicated participants were able to identify low socioeconomic groups at high risk for low health literacy, were aware of the consequences associated with low health literacy, and could identify effective interventions used to evaluate patients' understanding of health care teaching. However, knowledge gaps were evident in the following areas: identifying older adults as a high-risk group, screening for health literacy, and assessing guidelines for written health care information. Responses to the Health Literacy Experience scale suggest participants' health literacy experiences were limited regarding conducting health literacy screenings and assessing the reading level, illustrations, and cultural appropriateness of written materials.
A Longitudinal Analysis of the Self-Directed Learning Readiness Level of Nursing Students Enrolled in a Problem-Based Curriculum
Authors: Kocaman Gülseren , Dicle Aklime , Ugur Aysen
Published: December 2018

Self-directed learning is an important outcome of nursing education. Although problem-based learning is believed to facilitate self-directed learning, previous studies have reported conflicting results. This longitudinal survey explored the perceived changes in self-directed learning for 4 years in a baccalaureate nursing education program with an integrated problem-based learning curriculum. Fifty of 59 students (response rate, 85%) completed the Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale at five different time points: at the beginning of each academic year and at program completion. Scores were significantly lower during the first academic year compared with other years, and fourth-year scores were significantly higher than in previous years. Scores on the three subscales (i.e., self-management, desire for learning, and self-control) increased significantly during the 4 years of the program. These findings support self-directed learning as a maturational process. Implications for nursing faculty and curriculum development are discussed.
Design Analysis of Critical Concepts Influence Wind Farm Production and Efficiency
Authors: Charhouni Naima , Sallaou Mohammed , Mansouri Khalifa
Published: December 2018

Wind farm deficiency caused by wake turbine interactions has received an important attention by scientific researchers in recent years. However the quality of power production is strongly depends on wind turbines location from others. In this regard, this paper proposes a comprehensive design analysis of crucial concepts that aid to plan for an efficient wind farm design. Indeed, the wake modeling problem is addressed in this analysis by comparing three models with available measured data gotten from literature. A configuration of wind turbines placement within the offshore wind farm as a function of separation distance is investigated in this study considering four wind farms layout. In addition to these elements, four rotor diameters size are evaluated as critical concept for wind turbine selection and production .The results obtained demonstrate that it is complicated to make a balance between three conflicted objectives related to the power production, efficiency and surface land area required for wind farm as a function of these crucial concepts.
Effect of Firm Characteristics on Sources of Supply and Demand Risks: An Empirical Investigation on Moroccan Industrial Firms
Authors: El Hiri Mariam , En-Nadi Abdelali , Chafi Anas
Published: December 2018

Because of the differences between industries and firms, the following work aims to perform an empirical analysis to investigate the relationship between firm characteristics and the sources of demand and supply risks. The survey is conducted among 32 factories in Moroccan industry from different sectors. In order to distinguish companies with a high level of risk, factories are grouped according to their characteristics, namely the business sector, the number of suppliers, the level of performance and the number of employees. To ensure the objective of our study, we performed a factorial correspondence analysis of the data using SPSS software.
I Ropaloceri del litorale a duna della ZSC IT5160004 Padule di Bolgheri (Livorno, Toscana) (Lepidoptera)
Authors: Favilli Leonardo
Published: December 2018

Nel 2015 è stata studiata la fauna a Ropaloceri del litorale a duna della ZSC IT5160004 Padule di Bolgheri (provincia di Livorno). I campionamenti sono stati effettuati due volte al mese, da aprile a ottobre, in un transetto di 1 km utilizzando il metodo di Pollard and Yates (1993). Complessivamente sono stati campionati 422 esemplari attribuibili a 30 specie. Le specie dominanti sono 7 (Lasiommata megera, Leptotes pirithous, Colias crocea, Gonepteryx rhamni, Pieris brassicae, Gonepteryx cleopatra, Hipparchia statilinus, Coenonympha elbana, Anthocharis cardamines, Pieris rapae e Limenitis reducta), abbondanti 4, 7 comuni, 7 occasionali e 5 rare. Rilevante è la presenza di Gegenes nostrodamus, in diminuzione in Italia e di Coenonympha elbana, endemica della Toscana. Si tratta di una fauna povera in specie, costituita da entità euriece e che non sono esclusive dell’ambiente di duna. Nel sistema a duna indagato i Ropaloceri sono, quindi, rappresentati in modo limitato e non annoverano entità utili a caratterizzarle in maniera univoca.
Note sugli Imenotteri Mutillidi dell’Italia meridionale con chiave dicotomica dei maschi delle specie mediterranee di Physetopoda Schuster, 1949 (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea: Mutillidae)
Authors: Pagliano Guido , Agnoli Gian Luca
Published: December 2018

Viene presentato l’elenco dei Mutillidi (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea: Mutillidae) raccolti in basilicata e Campania (Italia meridionale) da G.L. agnoli, F. Izzillo e I. zappi negli anni 2008-2016 e tale elenco viene confrontato con la fauna nota delle altre regioni dell’Italia peninsulare utilizzando i dati ricavati dalla collezione G. Pagliano (Torino, Italia). I risultati evidenziano diverse specie rimarchevoli poiché rare o tassonomicamente interessanti, fra cui Skorikovia pliginskiji (Lelej) nota precedentemente in Italia solo dell’Italia centrale (Toscana), e Smicromyrme lutescens Invrea, segnalata per la prima volta per l’Italia. Il lavoro viene arricchito da una chiave dicotomica revisionata per l’identificazione dei maschi delle specie mediterranee di Physetopoda Schuster, 1949, basata principalmente sull’habitus generale e i caratteri morfologici esterni, che integra e modifica parzialmente la chiave delle specie di Physetopoda italiane (Pagliano and Strumia, 2007).
Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Aerobic Training and Common Sport-Related Concussion Outcomes in Healthy Participants
Authors: Teel Elizabeth F. , Register-Mihalik Johna K. , Appelbaum Lawrence Gregory , Battaglini Claudio L. , Carneiro Kevin A. , Guskiewicz Kevin M. , Marshall Stephen W. , Mihalik Jason P.
Published: December 2018

Context

Aerobic exercise interventions are increasingly being prescribed for concussion rehabilitation, but whether aerobic training protocols influence clinical concussion diagnosis and management assessments is unknown.

Objective

To investigate the effects of a brief aerobic exercise intervention on clinical concussion outcomes in healthy, active participants.

Design

Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Healthy (uninjured) participants (n = 40) who exercised ≥3 times/week.

Intervention(s)

Participants were randomized into the acute concussion therapy intervention (ACTIVE) training or nontraining group. All participants completed symptom, cognitive, balance, and vision assessments during 2 test sessions approximately 14 days apart. Participants randomized to ACTIVE training completed six 30-minute exercise sessions that progressed from 60% to 80% of individualized maximal oxygen consumption (V˙o2max) across test sessions, while the nontraining group received no intervention.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The CNS Vital Signs standardized scores, Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening near-point convergence distance (cm), and Graded Symptom Checklist, Balance Error Scoring System, and Standardized Assessment of Concussion total scores.

Results

An interaction effect was found for total symptom score (P = .01); the intervention group had improved symptom scores between sessions (session 1: 5.1 ± 5.8; session 2: 1.9 ± 3.6). Cognitive flexibility, executive functioning, reasoning, and total symptom score outcomes were better but composite memory, verbal memory, and near-point convergence distance scores were worse at the second session (all P values < .05). However, few changes exceeded the 80% reliable change indices calculated for this study, and effect sizes were generally small to negligible.

Conclusions

A brief aerobic training protocol had few meaningful effects on clinical concussion assessment in healthy participants, suggesting that current concussion-diagnostic and -assessment tools remain clinically stable in response to aerobic exercise training. This provides normative data for future researchers, who should further evaluate the effect of ACTIVE training on clinical outcomes among concussed populations.

Trial Registration Number

ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02872480
Losses of soil, water, organic carbon and nutrients caused by water erosion in different crops and natural savannah in the northern Amazon
Authors: Souza Fernando Gomes de , Melo Valdinar Ferreira , Araújo Wellington Farias , Araújo Thiago Henrique de Castro
Published: December 2018

Currently in Brazil, the main form of erosion is caused by the impact of raindrops on the soil surface, triggering the process of water erosion and causing serious damage to agricultural areas. This study evaluated losses of soil, water, organic carbon and nutrients in different cultures, bare soil and savanna under natural rain. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments (bare soil - BS, cowpea bean - CB, Brachiaria brizantha - BB, corn - CO and natural savanna – SN) with three replications; The treatment of bare soil (BS), followed by the treatment cultivated with cowpea bean  (CB) showed higher losses of soil, water, organic carbon and nutrients; The highest losses of soil, water, organic carbon and nutrients in the treatment of bare soil (BS) occurred during the period of greatest erosivity; but for treatments CB, BB and CO, the highest losses occurred during the establishment of the crop, in view of the lower soil cover. Soils cultivated with Brachiaria brizantha - BB, corn - CO and in the Natural Savana - SN area were more efficient in reducing soil and water losses during all months evaluated. Plant cover produced by the (SN) treatment and by the (BB) and (CO) treatments acted to reduce the harmful effects of erosion, minimizing losses of nutrients and organic carbon. The soil should be well protected during periods when rainfall presents the highest values of erosivity index.
The Unknown Nature of the Antigen in the Direct Agglutination Test for Visceral Leishmaniasis Hampers Development of Serodiagnostic Tests
Authors: Kühne Vera , Büscher Philippe
Published: December 2018

Current diagnostic tests for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are either not adapted for use in resource-poor settings or are insufficiently accurate in Eastern Africa. Only the direct agglutination test (DAT), based on whole Leishmania promastigotes, is highly reliable in all endemic regions, but its implementation is hampered by the need for a cold chain, minimal laboratory conditions, and long incubation times. Integrating the DAT antigen(s) in an immunochromatographic rapid diagnostic test (RDT) would overcome these disadvantages. Unfortunately, the identity of the DAT antigen(s) involved in the agglutination reaction is unknown. For this study, we reviewed all publications that might shed some light on this issue. We conclude that the DAT antigen is a mixture of Leishmania-specific epitopes of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid nature. To develop an accurate RDT for VL diagnosis in Eastern Africa, we suggest to complement the classical protein antigen discovery with approaches to identify carbohydrate and lipid epitopes.
Mediação cultural e bibliotecas: perspectivas conceituais na ciência da informação no Brasil
Authors: Rasteli Alessandro , Caldas Rosângela Formentini
Published: December 2018

Apresenta as perspectivas conceituais sobre a mediação cultural em bibliotecas na produção científica da Ciência da Informação no Brasil. Explora a Base de Dados de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação (BRAPCI), a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (IBICT), os Anais do Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação (BENANCIB), o Portal de Periódicos CAPES/MEC e a Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA). A metodologia constituiu-se em pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, de tipo bibliográfica e descritiva. Pretende-se  colaborar e fomentar o debate epistemológico sobre a mediação cultural nas áreas da Ciência da Informação e da Biblioteconomia em âmbito brasileiro.
Design da Informação e sua relevância para a Ciência da Informação
Authors: Dias Barreira e Oliveira João Augusto , Vicentini Jorente Maria José
Published: December 2018

Os avanços sociais, científicos e tecnológicos determinaram transformações nos processos informacionais. O problema consiste em compreender a necessidade de apresentar e representar a informação visual, de forma eficaz e eficiente. Busca contribuições do Design da Informação, pouco explorado na Ciência da Informação, e visa determinar um conceito que possibilite o aprofundamento e a atualização científica, acadêmica e profissional em torno da temática, por meio de pesquisa teórica, exploratória, bibliográfica e documental, tendo como base uma revisão de literatura. Os resultados encontrados buscam abrir horizontes para aumentar o interesse da comunidade científica para a temática, promover o debate acerca do Design da Informação e a apresentação eficaz e eficiente de informação para a sociedade. A temática propicia conhecimentos para se atuar proativamente na apresentação visual em ambientes informacionais, podendo resultar em avanços significativos para as disciplinas e os usuários.
Estruturas de Representação da Informação e seu apoio à Arquitetura da Informação na web: um olhar sobre vocabulários controlados, tesauros e metadados
Authors: Dumer Luciana , Sousa Marckson Roberto Ferreira de , Albuquerque Maria Elizabeth Baltar Carneiro de
Published: December 2018

Na perspectiva da sociedade contemporânea, com as inovações tecnológicas e a explosão informacional, uma grande mudança ocorreu nos processos de produção, armazenamento, recuperação e disseminação de informações em âmbito mundial. Com a internet e a web, a informação a cada dia ganha mais destaque e valor. Com isso, novas preocupações surgem concernentes à Representação da Informação em ambientes digitais. Despontam no cenário da Ciência da Informação e em outras áreas, o desafio de organizar e facilitar o uso da informação relevante em meio a uma infinita gama de conteúdos lançados na internet diariamente. Com o presente estudo, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, foi possível conhecer características das estruturas de representação da informação e de sua aplicação na web. Os resultados apontaram que as técnicas de controles de vocabulários, os tesauros e os metadados, já comumente usados por profissionais da informação, passaram a fazer parte da arquitetura de websites, contribuindo para a organização da informação em ambientes digitais.
A gestão do conhecimento holística: análise de aderência do modelo do serviço federal de processamento de dados (SERPRO) do Brasil
Authors: Ziviani Fabrício , Corrêa Fábio , Lorentz Cacilda Nacur , Carvalho Dárlinton Barbosa Feres
Published: December 2018

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a aderência do modelo do Serviço Federal de Processamento de Dados (SERPRO) a Gestão do Conhecimento holística, sinalizada como necessária para o desenvolvimento de estruturas orientadas ao conhecimento. Para promover essa análise a Gestão do Conhecimento holística foi delineada e suas partes apresentadas. Por meio de abordagens qualitativas-quantitativas e pelo método de Análise de Conteúdo o referido modelo foi analisado. Por resultado, o modelo SERPRO adere em 38,5 pontos percentuais a Gestão do Conhecimento holística, revelando a oportunidade de desenvolvimento de estruturas mais abrangentes. Análises de outros modelos é uma sugestão de pesquisas futuras.
Projeto natureza nossa: um relato de experiência
Authors: Schneider Júlia , Peres Patrícia Maria Schubert , Klein Camila , Silvestrin Denise , Felippe Maíra Longhinotti , Schütz Natanna Taynara , Da Silveira Bettieli Barboza , Kuhnen Ariane
Published: December 2018

A ação de extensão teve como objetivo incentivar o uso de espaços verdes de lazer por pais e crianças como estratégia para a promoção de saúde e bem-estar. Para isso, o projeto atuou em duas frentes: realização de oficinas no Parque Ecológico Municipal Professor David Ferreira Lima (Florianópolis), e difusão de informação por canais de internet. As atividades foram realizadas entre abril de 2016 e março de 2017 e envolveram 80 participantes nas atividades práticas, sendo 41 crianças; e atingiu 5.648 pessoas através dos conteúdos publicados em uma rede social e na página do Laboratório de Psicologia Ambiental da UFSC. Considera-se que o projeto alcançou os objetivos de sensibilização e disseminação da temática relativa aos benefícios da natureza para o desenvolvimento humano, a interação entre as pessoas e a conexão com a natureza.
A liderança empreendedora nas pequenas e médias instituições de ensino superior privadas
Authors: Morais Diogo Martins Gonçalves de , Romeiro Maria do Carmo
Published: December 2018

O presente estudo tem o objetivo de propor e validar uma escala de conceito para a medição da Liderança Empreendedora no ambiente das Instituições de Ensino Superior privadas de pequeno e médio porte, sob a ótica da discussão de modelos organizacionais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa empírica de natureza descritiva-quantitativa, iniciada pela revisão da literatura para a identificação dos indicadores utilizados na operacionalização da Liderança Empreendedora. Desta forma, emergiu a proposta de uma escala de mensuração do Liderança Empreendedora, que foi validada por meio de um processo que envolveu o uso do coeficiente de validade de conteúdo em uma avaliação de juízes, pré-teste e análise estatística de consistência interna e validade discriminante, a partir de levantamento junto à uma amostra probabilística de 161 diretores de PMIES privadas do Estado de São Paulo. Todos os dados foram submetidos à análise fatorial exploratória com finalidade confirmatória, o que proporcionou adequações e por fim, a validação da escala, que se tornou um modelo de mensuração da Liderança Empreendedora, consolidada como um construto unidimensional (α = 0,90), operacionalizada por seis variáveis, que são apresentadas neste artigo.
Os fatores que influenciam no clima organizacional em instituições federais de ensino superior: uma investigação em Belém do Pará, Brasil
Authors: Mattos Carlos André Corrêa de , Costa Nilson Luiz , Laurinho Ícaro Saraiva , Dias Lidiane Nazará da Silva
Published: December 2018

O clima organizacional pode ser conceituado como o produto da percepção compartilhada pelos trabalhadores da qualidade do ambiente de trabalho em um dado momento. Ao longo do tempo, os estudos de clima organizacional mostraram relações com diversos aspectos do comportamento humano, com motivação, produtividade, comprometimento, entre outros. Desta forma, compreender o clima organizacional se tornou uma forma privilegiada de investigar o ambiente de trabalho. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os aspectos do ambiente de trabalho que exercem influência na formação do clima organizacional em instituições federais de ensino. A investigação utilizou método exploratório e descritivo na forma de pesquisa de campo em duas instituições na cidade de Belém do Pará, Brasil. A amostragem foi não probabilística por acessibilidade e obteve 236 entrevistas válidas. O tratamento de dados foi quantitativo com análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) e regressão linear múltipla (RLM). A análise fatorial captou quatro fatores que explicaram 65,25% da variância dos dados e foram denominados como Chefia (18,97%), Imagem organizacional (17,57%), Treinamento (17,41%) e Remuneração (11,30%). A regressão linear múltipla, com r-quadrado de 70,81%, mostrou que o modelo era capaz de influenciar fortemente no clima organizacional. Conclui-se que os gestores podem utilizar os fatores identificados neste estudo para fundamentar estratégias que contribuam para melhoria do clima organizacional nas instituições pesquisadas.
A estrutura organizacional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC): um estudo de caso à luz da teoria das cinco configurações de Mintzberg
Authors: Moreira Tainah Pinheiro , Marques Davi Sampaio , Santos Sandra Maria dos , Cabral Augusto Cézar de Aquino , Pessoa Maria Naiula Monteiro
Published: December 2018

Com a abordagem gerencial na administração pública a partir da década de 1990, a gestão das instituições de ensino veio perdendo o cunho puramente pedagógico e assumindo um papel mais gerencial, o que demanda uma maior discussão acerca dos modelos de gestão existentes nas Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (IFES). A teoria das cinco configurações de Mintzberg (2008), lente teórica deste trabalho, propõe cinco tipologias básicas nas quais as estruturas organizacionais podem ser classificadas. Portanto, o objetivo geral desse artigo foi analisar de que modo a configuração organizacional predominante da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) contribui na consecução de seus objetivos institucionais. Os seguintes objetivos específicos foram propostos: identificar o principal mecanismo de coordenação da UFC; identificar a parte-chave da estrutura organizacional da UFC; identificar o tipo de descentralização prevalecente na UFC; identificar as dificuldades ocasionadas pela configuração organizacional da UFC e identificar os facilitadores proporcionados pela configuração organizacional da UFC. Dessa forma, foram realizados uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e um estudo de caso, cuja unidade de análise foi a estrutura organizacional da UFC. Concluiu-se que a configuração organizacional predominante da UFC é um híbrido entre burocracia mecanizada e burocracia profissional. Quanto aos objetivos institucionais, observou-se que a configuração organizacional atual proporciona mais dificuldades do que facilidades para a sua consecução.
Análise de propostas didáticas de física orientadas por abordagens históricas
Authors: Silva Eider De Souza , Teixeira Elder Sales , Penido Maria Cristina Martins
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise sobre as estratégias de transposição didática adotadas por autores de teses e dissertações brasileiras ao elaborarem propostas didáticas de física, orientadas por abordagens históricas. O trabalho é dividido em uma análise geral do conjunto de todas as propostas didáticas selecionadas e em uma análise pormenorizada das propostas didáticas que discutem concepções sobre Natureza da Ciência e que utilizam a Gravitação Universal de Newton como temática. As propostas didáticas foram selecionadas a partir da leitura dos títulos, dos resumos e, quando necessário, do sumário e da apresentação, a fim de selecionarmos os trabalhos que realmente interessavam a pesquisa. O processo de análise ocorreu a partir da leitura minuciosa das propostas e os critérios de análise foram definidos a partir do referencial teórico adotado (FORATO, 2009). Os resultados evidenciam que os autores dos trabalhos analisados adotaram a estratégia de interpretar os aspectos históricos enfatizados nos trechos das fontes primárias que compõem as propostas, a fim de contribuir para uma compreensão diacrônica dos mesmos. Ademais, os episódios da história da Gravitação Universal, selecionados pelos autores dos trabalhos, contribuem para que as concepções sobre Natureza da Ciência adotadas nas propostas didáticas sejam abordadas ao longo da aplicação da proposta.
Uma sequência didática para discutir as relações étnico-raciais (Leis 10.639/03 e 11.645/08) na educação científica
Authors: Alves Brito Alan , Bootz Vitor , Massoni Neusa Teresinha
Published: December 2018

Um dos grandes desafios da Educação Básica do Brasil do século XXI é a implementação das Leis 10.639/03 e 11.645/08, as quais tornam obrigatória a inclusão do ensino da História da África, da Cultura Afro-Brasileira e Indígena, nos currículos dos estabelecimentos de ensino do País, na luta por uma sociedade mais igualitária. No entanto, do ponto de vista prático, o debate atual em torno dessas Leis bem como das práticas pedagógicas e didáticas desenvolvidas nas escolas estão quase que exclusivamente restritas às iniciativas feitas no contexto de disciplinas das Ciências Humanas e Sociais. Ancorado em referenciais teóricos da Astronomia Cultural e da Pedagogia Dialógica de Paulo Freire, o presente trabalho apresenta uma Sequência Didática diversificada com o objetivo de permitir, nas aulas de Ciências/Física da Educação Básica, embora ela possa também ser aplicada no Ensino Superior, uma ampla discussão acerca dos pressupostos históricos, culturais e científicos do céu Africano, Indígena e do assim denominado céu Ocidental. Tomando as constelações em variadas culturas como ponto de partida, o presente trabalho soma-se às iniciativas que buscam articular a garantia de direitos humanos e sociais e o respeito à diversidade étnico-racial. Trata-se, assim, de um exemplo simples, por meio de um objeto virtual de aprendizagem e de um material didático construído em sala, de como aulas de Ciências/Física podem contribuir nos Ensinos Fundamental e Médio, com uma educação mais crítica, antidiscriminatória, antirracista, emancipatória e diversa, levando em conta as diferentes alteridades, ou seja, o “outro”.
Digital body maps reinvent the way we perceive and discuss pain and discomfort
Authors: Boudreau Shellie A.
Published: December 2018

The revival of pain drawings as digital body maps for visualizing pain and discomfort changes the way we understand patients and communicate with them. Data stemming from simple drawings of musculoskeletal pain helped reveal the significance and impact of single versus multi-site pain reports. To achieve the next big step, we will need to go beyond pain site assessment and capture a more complete clinical picture of pain as it unfolds. Recent digital pain mapping studies show hidden patterns of pain expression within these marked pain sites. This mini-review reflects on the knowledge obtained from simple paper pain drawings, touches upon new digital technologies, and discusses how these technologies will allow us to reinvent the way we perceive and discuss pain.
Characterization of ozone deposition to a mixed oak–hornbeam forest – flux measurements at five levels above and inside the canopy and their interactions with nitric oxide
Authors: Finco Angelo , Coyle Mhairi , Nemitz Eiko , Marzuoli Riccardo , Chiesa Maria , Loubet Benjamin , Fares Silvano , Diaz-Pines Eugenio , Gasche Rainer , Gerosa Giacomo
Published: December 2018

Abstract. A 1-month field campaign of ozone (O3) flux measurements along a
five-level vertical profile above, inside and below the canopy was run in a
mature broadleaf forest of the Po Valley, northern Italy. The study aimed to
characterize O3 flux dynamics and their interactions with
nitrogen oxides (NOx) fluxes from the forest soil and the
atmosphere above the canopy. Ozone fluxes measured at the levels above the
canopy were in good agreement, thus confirming the validity of the constant
flux hypothesis, while below-canopy O3 fluxes were lower than
above. However, at the upper canopy edge O3 fluxes were
surprisingly higher than above during the morning hours. This was attributed
to a chemical O3 sink due to a reaction with the nitric oxide (NO)
emitted from soil and deposited from the atmosphere, thus converging at the
top of the canopy. Moreover, this mechanism was favored by the morning
coupling between the forest and the atmosphere, while in the afternoon the
fluxes at the upper canopy edge became similar to those of the levels above
as a consequence of the in-canopy stratification. Nearly 80 % of the
O3 deposited to the forest ecosystem was removed by the canopy by
stomatal deposition, dry deposition on physical surfaces and by ambient
chemistry reactions (33.3 % by the upper canopy layer and 46.3 % by the
lower canopy layer). Only a minor part of O3 was removed by the
understorey vegetation and the soil surface (2 %), while the remaining
18.2 % was consumed by chemical reaction with NO emitted from soil. The
collected data could be used to improve the O3 risk assessment for
forests and to test the predicting capability of O3 deposition
models. Moreover, these data could help multilayer canopy models to separate
the influence of ambient chemistry vs. O3 dry deposition on the
observed fluxes.