bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review of Vann Joines' Eric Berne Memorial Award Article
Authors: Hudson Sheena
Published: July 2022

Last year at the Annual International Transactional Analysis Conference in Aruba in the Caribbean, Vann Joines was awarded the first Eric Berne Memorial Award since 1987. This award is for "Integration of TA with Other Theories and Approaches". Vann Joines, a Clinical Teaching and Supervising Transactional Analyst, lives and works in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. For the past few years his face, as author, has been seen on the back of the popular TA Today which has been well received in New Zealand.
Printing of Tactile Sensors Upon the Surface of Pneumatic Soft Gripper by Direct Writing and Electrospraying to Enable Intelligent Grasping
Authors: Wu Yigen , Wang Zhongbao , Zeng Guolong , Xu Zhenjin , Hai Zhenyin , Chen Zhuo , Zhao Yang , Wu Dezhi
Published: July 2022

Soft grippers with sensory‐integration mimicking humanoid hands, capable of grabbing various kinds of objects in a safe and easy manner, have numerous potential applications in advanced areas. However, precise sensing capabilities of the soft grippers for external stimuli are still nascent and fabrication of integrating sensory receptors remains a challenge. Herein, multiple tactile (pressure, temperature, and humidity) sensors are fabricated on the surface of pneumatic soft fingers by printing technologies including direct writing and electrospraying to simultaneously detect external stimuli while grasping. Composites composed of graphene nano‐platelets (GNPs)/multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/polyethylene oxide (PEO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene oxide (GO) are selected as sensitive materials for pressure, temperature, and humidity sensor, respectively. The fingers are able to bend with an angle of 75° and output force of 0.133 N under air pressure of 12 kPa. The printed tactile sensors exhibit good sensing performance. The application of grasping a lemon, a cooked egg, and a plum demonstrates that the pneumatic soft gripper owns the capability of accurately detecting tactile changes during grasping different objects. Thus, such integration methods by direct writing and electrospraying will open a facile technical platform for constructing the soft grippers with tactile sensors.
Surface‐Confined Synthesis of Ultrafine Pt‐Rare Earth Nanoalloys on N‐Functionalized Supports
Authors: Hu Mingzhen , Cai Zengjian , Liang Xinhu , Li Ganggang , Tan Haiyan , Yang Shitu , Ren Hao , Wang Zhe , Sun Guodong , Liu Shoujie , Hao Zhengping , Zhou Kebin
Published: July 2022

It is extremely challenging to controllably synthesize rare earth‐containing nanoalloys due to the ultralow standard reduction potential of rare earth metals. Here, a surface‐confined strategy to prepare ultrafine Pt‐rare earth nanoalloys on a series of N‐functionalized supports is reported. It proves that by surface N‐metal coordination, the metal cations of precursors are atomically dispersed on support, which greatly favors uniform nucleation and growth of particles upon reduction. Moreover, the moderate metal transfer barrier from N ensures particle growth in a confined region to form ultrafine nanoalloys. Using this method, ultrafine PtLa, PtY, and PtDy nanoalloys are prepared on N‐functionalized supports such as carbon, zeolite, and Al2O3. Notably, the PtLa nanoalloys on N‐functionalized zeolite show superior activity and durability for propane oxidation. The strategy is expected to provide guidelines for preparing highly efficient rare earth‐containing nanoalloys for catalysis applications.
Pt Single Atom Electrocatalysts at Graphene Edges for Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Tsounis Constantine , Subhash Bijil , Kumar Priyank V. , Bedford Nicholas M. , Zhao Yufei , Shenoy Joel , Ma Zhipeng , Zhang Ding , Toe Cui Ying , Cheong Soshan , Tilley Richard D. , Lu Xunyu , Dai Liming , Han Zhaojun , Amal Rose
Published: July 2022

Graphene edges exhibit a highly localized density of states that result in increased reactivity compared to its basal plane. However, exploiting this increased reactivity to anchor and tune the electronic states of single atom catalysts (SACs) remains elusive. To investigate this, a method to anchor Pt SACs with ultra‐low mass loadings at the edges of edge‐rich vertically aligned graphene (as low as 0.71 µg Pt cm–2) is developed. Angle‐dependent X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and density‐functional theory calculations reveal that edge‐anchored Pt SACs has a robust coupling with the π‐electrons of graphene. This interaction results in a higher occupancy of the Pt 5d orbital, shifting the d‐band center toward the Fermi level, improving the adsorption of *H for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Pt primarily coordinated to the graphene edge shows improved alkaline HER performance compared to Pt coordinated in mixed environments (turnover frequencies of 22.6 and 10.9 s–1 at an overpotential of 150 mV, respectively). This work demonstrates an effective route to engineering the coordination environment of Pt SACs by using the graphene edge for enhanced energy conversion reactions.
Enhancing the Hot Carrier Injection of Perovskite Solar Cells by Incorporating a Molecular Dipole Interlayer
Authors: Wu Tai , Zhao Rongjun , Qiu Junming , Wang Shihuai , Zhang Xiaoliang , Hua Yong
Published: July 2022

Surface passivation engineering of perovskite films via organic functional small molecules has emerged as an effective strategy for improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, a systematic understanding of underlying mechanisms behind these improvements is still missing. In this work, two new naphthalimide‐based organic small molecules (PX, X = F, I) are designed and employed to efficiently passivate the surface defects of perovskite films in PSCs. Consequently, superior photovoltaic properties for PI‐treated PSCs are achieved with a power conversion efficiency of 23.06%, which is significantly higher than that of the reference device without passivators (20.45%). Theoretical calculations reveal that PX can give rise to interfacial electrical dipole. It is found that incorporating a dipole interlayer between perovskite layer and hole transport layer can enhance ultrafast charge‐carrier injection and suppress the charge‐carrier recombination in device, which is illustrated by transient absorption spectroscopy. These present results can provide valuable information on the understanding interfacial charge‐carrier dynamics in PSCs to further improve the device performance.
Ovalbumin and Poly(i:c) Encapsulated Dendritic Cell‐Targeted Nanoparticles for Immune Activation in the Small Intestinal Lymphatic System
Authors: Kim Kyoung Sub , Lee Sanghee , Na Kun , Bae You Han
Published: July 2022

Here, antigen and adjuvant encapsulated dendritic cell‐targeted nanoparticles for immune activation in the small intestinal lymphatic system to inhibit melanoma development are described. This strategy is demonstrated using chondroitin sulfate‐coated nanoparticles (OPGMN) grafted with glycocholic acid and mannose for cationic liposomes encapsulated with ovalbumin as an antigen and polyinosine‐polycytidylic acid as a cancer‐specific adjuvant. OPGMN is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and delivered to the lymph nodes when orally administered. Oral delivery of OPGMN induces increased dendritic cell maturation compared to the intradermal route in the lymph node and induces T helper type 1 and type 2 responses, such as immunoglobulin G1 and G2c, interferon‐gamma, and interleukin‐2, in the blood. Repeated oral administration of OPGMN increases the population of CD3+CD8+ T cells, CD44highCD62Llow memory T cells, and CD11b+CD27+ natural killer cells in the blood. OPGMN completely prevents melanoma development in the B16F10‐bearing C57BL/6 mouse model by reducing the population of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the blood. This strategy is expected to prevent the recurrence of tumors after various cancer treatments.
Superoleophobic/Superoleophilic Janus Synergy Apparatus for Underwater Oil Capture and Collection
Authors: Zhang Huaimeng , Hou Lanlan , Wang Jing , Li Pei , Jin Meihua , Zhao Yong
Published: July 2022

The treatment of oily wastewater has always been an important problem in environmental management because the oil in the water is seriously harmful to the ecological environment. Although great progress has been made in the development of oil‐bearing wastewater treatment technology, there are still some problems in the treatment technology of dispersed oil in water, such as complicated treatment processes, high energy consumption, low treatment efficiency, secondary pollution, and difficult maintenance. Here, inspired by biological Janus synergy, a Janus synergy apparatus has been developed consisting of superoleophobic steel mesh (OSM) and superoleophIlic polyurethane sponge (IPS). By combining the underwater “capture oil” characteristic of OSM with the ability to store large amounts of oil of IPS, the two materials are combined to achieve an absorption rate above 95% of underwater oil in situ treatment. Due to the fact that the underwater oil can be directly captured, collected, and separated excellently, the prepared OSM/IPS Janus apparatus demonstrates the one‐step treatment of underwater oil, which needs neither more equipment nor additional power, and it is reusable and not easy to secondary pollution. Therefore, the development of this apparatus provides an economical and effective method for the treatment of underwater dispersed oil.
Exploiting Nonlinear Fiber Patterning to Control Tubular Scaffold Mechanical Behavior
Authors: McCosker Audrey B. , Snowdon Mikayla E. , Lamont Riki , Woodruff Maria A. , Paxton Naomi C.
Published: July 2022

Melt electrowriting is an additive manufacturing technique capable of fabricating highly biomimetic polymer scaffolds with high‐resolution microarchitecture for a range of tissue engineering applications. The use of a rotating mandrel to fabricate tubular scaffolds using this technique is increasing in popularity; however, the translation of many novel scaffold designs that have been explored on flat collectors has yet to be realized using mandrels. This study reports novel tools to automatically generate scaffold gcode for several new tubular scaffold designs, investigating a range of auxetic pore geometries and open unit cell designs. Through optimization of printing parameters, the novel scaffold designs are successfully printed and mechanically tested to assess tensile properties. Open unit cells significantly reduce the tensile stiffness of scaffolds manufactured with closed pores. Auxetic scaffolds could also be widely tuned using the novel gcode generator tool to exhibit similar stress–strain profiles to typical crosshatch scaffolds but could be made to expand to desired radial dimensions. Finally, heterogeneous auxetic constructs are also fabricated with regions of various radial compliances. This study presents several, mechanically validated novel scaffold designs that are of interest for future applications in targeted tissue engineering product development as well as in soft robotic actuation.
Role of Octahedron Alloying in Photodynamics of Lead‐Free Halide Double Perovskite Nanoplatelets
Authors: Ma Wenjie , Wu Huaxin , Liu Xiaoyu , Miao Ruonan , Liang Tianyuan , Fan Jiyang
Published: July 2022

The lead‐free halide double perovskites have attracted great interest owing to their unique photophysical properties. Among them, the luminescence mechanisms of the Cs2AgInCl6 crystallites are still under debate. A hot‐injection method is developed to synthesize novel hollow and spatially symmetric Cs2AgInCl6 nanoplatelets (NPLs) and study the effect of the cation/octahedron alloying on their photodynamics by using the experimental characterizations in conjunction with the density functional theory calculations. The results reveal that the pure Cs2AgInCl6 NPLs exhibit wide‐band and double‐peaked photoluminescence originating separately from free and self‐trapped excitons. The Ag+/Na+ and In3+/Bi3+ alloying, that is, the partial substitution of the [AgCl6]5− and [InCl6]3− octahedra by [NaCl6]5− and [BiCl6]3− octahedra, leads to crystal symmetry breaking and strongly enhanced exciton localization. As a result, the self‐trapped exciton luminescence becomes predominant in the yielded Cs2AgInCl6:NaBi nanoplatelets, and the quantum yield is highly improved to 10.8%. These results improve the understanding of the role of octahedron alloying in the photophysics of the double perovskite nanocrystals and pave the way for their applications in solid‐state lighting.
Deep‐Learning‐Based Microscopic Imagery Classification, Segmentation, and Detection for the Identification of 2D Semiconductors
Authors: Dong Xingchen , Li Hongwei , Yan Yuntian , Cheng Haoran , Zhang Hui Xin , Zhang Yucheng , Le Tien Dat , Wang Kun , Dong Jie , Jakobi Martin , Yetisen Ali K. , Koch Alexander W.
Published: July 2022

2D materials and their heterostructures are prominent for fabricating next‐generation optical and photonic devices. The optical, electrical, and mechanical properties of 2D materials largely depend on atomic layer numbers. Although machine learning techniques are implemented to identify large‐area thickness distribution using microscopic images, the existing work mainly focuses on rough identification of thicknesses with in‐house datasets which limits fair and comprehensive comparisons of new machine learning approaches. Here, first a microscopic dataset is collected and released for three fundamental image processing tasks including multilabel classification, segmentation, and detection. Then three deep‐learning architectures DenseNet, U‐Net, and Mask‐region convolutional neural network (RCNN) are benchmarked on three tasks and their robustness is evaluated on the augmented 2D microscopic images with different optical contrast variations. Deep learning models are trained and evaluated to identify mono‐, bi‐, tri‐, multilayer and bulk flakes using microscopic images of MoS2 fabricated on the SiO2/Si substrate by chemical vapor deposition. The relation between model performances and statistics of datasets is studied based on the international commission on illumination (CIE) 1931 color space and red, green, blue (RGB) histograms of optical contrast differences. Finally, the robust pretrained models are integrated into a graphic user interface for the on‐site use of full field‐of‐view images captured by bright‐field microscopes.
Effective Nitrogen Incorporation for High‐Potential Anthracene Cathodes with Conjugated Frameworks
Authors: Kim Yongju , Seol Jae Seung , Jung Ku Hyun , Han Hyungu , Kim Ki Chul
Published: July 2022

To design high‐potential cathode materials for Li‐ion batteries through doping architecture, a well‐known anthracene framework is used as the basis for a broad array of nitrogen‐incorporated derivatives. A computational investigation of these derivatives clarifies that introduction of electron‐withdrawing nitrogen atoms improves the intrinsic redox potential at fully charged states, exhibiting a linear correlation between redox potential and electron affinity. However, this linear relationship between the redox potential and the density of nitrogen dopants is not fully followed during the discharging process. Consequently, it is found that doping one to three nitrogen atoms into anthracene is detrimental to the Li‐storage capacity, while doping four to ten nitrogen atoms is suggested as a suitable approach to improve the redox properties. At the end of the discharging process, electron affinity no longer plays a critical role in determining the redox potential. Each derivative is cathodically deactivated with the binding of the last Li atom, primarily owing to a sudden increase in the solvation energy, despite a negligible change in the electron affinity. These analyses assist to establish a promising approach for designing nitrogen‐incorporated anthracene derivatives for high‐performance cathode applications.
Optimization of Flow Distribution by Topological Description and Machine Learning in Solution Growth of SiC
Authors: Isono Masaru , Harada Shunta , Kutsukake Kentaro , Yokoyama Tomoo , Tagawa Miho , Ujihara Toru
Published: July 2022

The macroscopic distribution of fluid flows, which affect the quality of final products for various kinds of materials, is often difficult to describe in mathematical formulae and hinders the implementation of empirical knowledge in scaling up. In the present study, the characteristics of the flow distribution in silicon carbide (SiC) solution growth are described by using the position of the saddle point and the solution growth conditions are optimized by computational fluid dynamics simulation, machine learning, and a genetic algorithm. As a result, the candidates of the optimal condition for the solution growth of 6‐in. SiC crystals are successfully obtained from the empirical knowledge gained from 3‐in. crystal growth, by adding the topological description to the objective function. The present design of the objective function using the topological description can possibly be applied to other crystal growth or materials processing problems and to overcome scale‐up difficulties, which can facilitate the rapid development of functional materials such as SiC wafers for power device applications.
Filamentary TaOx/HfO2 ReRAM Devices for Neural Networks Training with Analog In‐Memory Computing
Authors: Stecconi Tommaso , Guido Roberto , Berchialla Luca , La Porta Antonio , Weiss Jonas , Popoff Youri , Halter Mattia , Sousa Marilyne , Horst Folkert , Dávila Diana , Drechsler Ute , Dittmann Regina , Offrein Bert Jan , Bragaglia Valeria
Published: July 2022

The in‐memory computing paradigm aims at overcoming the intrinsic inefficiencies of Von‐Neumann computers by reducing the data‐transport per arithmetic operation. Crossbar arrays of multilevel memristive devices enable efficient calculations of matrix‐vector‐multiplications, an operation extensively called on in artificial intelligence (AI) tasks. Resistive random‐access memories (ReRAMs) are promising candidate devices for such applications. However, they generally exhibit large stochasticity and device‐to‐device variability. The integration of a sub‐stoichiometric metal‐oxide within the ReRAM stack can improve the resistive switching graduality and stochasticity. To this purpose, a conductive TaOx layer is developed and stacked on HfO2 between TiN electrodes, to create a complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor‐compatible ReRAM structure. This device shows accumulative conductance updates in both directions, as required for training neural networks. Moreover, by reducing the TaOx thickness and by increasing its resistivity, the device resistive states increase, as required for reduced power consumption. An electric field‐driven TaOx oxidation/reduction is responsible for the ReRAM switching. To demonstrate the potential of the optimized TaOx/HfO2 devices, the training of a fully‐connected neural network on the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology database dataset is simulated and benchmarked against a full precision digital implementation.
Synthesis of Glycouronamides by Transamidation Approach at Room Temperature
Authors: Kanaujiya Vimlesh Kumar , Tiwari Varsha , Pattanaik Koyal , Sabiah Shahulhameed , Kandasamy Jeyakumar
Published: July 2022

Synthesis of various glycouronamides via transamidation reaction is reported under mild reaction conditions. Transamidation of N‐nitroso uronamides with primary and secondary amines was successfully achieved in the presence of triethyl amine. On the other hand, N‐Boc uronamides underwent transamidation smoothly with various primary amines in the presence of DBU. These reactions provided the desired glycouroamides in good to excellent yields at room temperature.
Effect of cure temperature on the thermal degradation, mechanical, microstructural and moisture absorption behavior of vacuum‐only, carbon‐fiber reinforced phenolic composites
Authors: Zaldivar Rafael J. , Ferrelli Geena L. , Arredondo Vanessa , Kim Hyun I.
Published: July 2022

Phenolic resin is the material of choice used for composite liners in solid rocket motor nozzles. We investigate the effect of the cure conditions (94, 116, and 155°C) on vacuum only (VO) processed composite mechanical, thermal, and microstructural changes. Although the Tg's correlated with the processing conditions, mechanical properties showed unexpected non‐linear degradation after 94°C processing. This difference is primarily due to the lower cure state of the resin, which results in poor fiber/matrix coupling and is further magnified by the reduced degree of consolidation observed in VO parts. Elevated thermal exposure was shown to generate larger tensile strains in the out of‐plane direction for the 94°C composites when compared to the other conditions. This resulted in significant increases in crack density, porosity, and delamination due to an increased volume of degradation by‐products, while the higher temperature cured composites maintained good consolidation. Even though all three cure states appeared to display equivalent moisture absorption saturation levels based on weight measurements, the 94°C cured sample was shown to partially dissolve in moisture during humidity exposure, which translated to even higher saturation levels. This larger net absorption resulted in a larger drop in Tg for the 94°C cured material and thus resulted in a more severe thermal mechanical response than the other saturated specimens. This emphasizes how a reduction in cure state will not only affect thermal and mechanical performance but will also translate to a greater degree of degradation than more highly cured specimens, when exposed to humid environments.
A validated LC–MS/MS method for the determination of hederasaponin C: Application to pharmacokinetics–pharmacodynamics studies in the therapeutic area of acetic acid‐induced ulcerative colitis in rats
Authors: Zhou Bo Cheng , Tian Yan Ge , Sun Ying Na , Liu Yan Li , Zhao Di
Published: July 2022

Hederasaponin C (HSC), one of the main components of Pulsatilla chinensis, is considered as a potential drug for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. In the present research, we developed a pharmacokinetics–pharmacodynamics model to describe the concentration–effect course of drug action following the intraperitoneal injection of HSC in colitis rats. A sensitive UPLC–MS/MS method was established for the the determination of HSC in rat plasma to explore the pharmacokinetics properties. The separation was performed on an Accucore C18 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 2.6 μm) with a flow phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid water. The assay method was validated and demonstrated good adaptability for application in the pharmacokinetics study. Then the levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) in colon tissues were measured using an ELISA assay. The levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐6 were decreased after HSC administration, suggesting that HSC can significantly improve the level of inflammatory syndrome factor. The pharmacokinetics study showed that the time to peak concentration of HSC was 1 h. The concentration–effect curves showed a hysteresis loop. There was also a hysteresis between the peaked concentration and the maximum effect of HSC. The present study established in vivo pharmacokinetics–pharmacodynamics models and the results showed a great potential of HSC for treating ulcerative colitis.
Central correlates of placebo effects in nausea differ between men and women
Authors: Haile Anja , Watts Mallissa , Aichner Simone , Stahlberg Franziska , Hoffmann Verena , Tschoep Matthias H. , Meissner Karin
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Despite growing evidence validating placebo effects in nausea, little is known about the underlying cortical mechanisms in women and men. Therefore, the present study examined sex differences and electroencephalography (EEG) characteristics of the placebo effect on nausea.

Methods

On 2 consecutive days, 90 healthy subjects (45 females) were exposed to a nauseating visual stimulus. Nausea was continuously rated on an 11‐point numeric rating scale, and 32 EEG channels were recorded. On day 2, subjects were randomly allocated to either placebo treatment or no treatment: the placebo group received sham acupuncture, whereas the control group did not receive any intervention.

Results

In contrast to the control group, both sexes in the placebo group showed reduced signs for anticipatory nausea in the EEG, indexed by increased frontal lobe and anterior cingulate activity. Among women, the improvement in perceived nausea in the placebo group was accompanied by decreased activation in the parietal, frontal, and temporal lobes. In contrast, the placebo‐related improvement of perceived nausea in men was accompanied by increased activation in the limbic and sublobar (insular) lobes.

Conclusion

Activation of the parietal lobe in women during the placebo intervention may reflect altered afferent activity from gastric mechanoreceptors during nausea‐induced tachyarrhythmia, whereas in men, altered interoceptive signals in the insular cortex might play a role. Thus, the results suggest different cerebral mechanisms underlying the placebo effects in men and women, which could have implications for the treatment of nausea.
Perceptions and attitudes of medical oncologists regarding fertility preservation and pregnancy in high‐risk cancer patients: A survey among Canadian medical oncologists
Authors: Alshamsan Bader , Kushnir Igal , Al‐Saadi Sulaiman , Srikanthan Amirrtha
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Infertility is a critical late toxicity that impacts adolescent and young adult (AYA, ages 15–39 years) cancer survivors. International oncology societies recommend discussing fertility preservation (FP) for all AYA patients, regardless of stage or prognosis. We aim to understand Canadian medical oncologists' perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge toward FP and pregnancy in patients with cancer, including advanced stages and high risk for recurrence.

Methods

An anonymous electronic survey utilizing hypothetical scenarios was sent to medical oncologists in the province of Ontario, Canada. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize all data. Logistic regression models were constructed to identify factors that predicted FP discussions and referrals.

Results

The survey was received by 91 medical oncologists, and the response rate was 44%. Fifty‐eight percent of respondents offer FP for all patients. Physicians are more likely to refer patients for FP before curative intent therapy than before palliative chemotherapy (95% vs. 39.5%, p < 0.001). Most respondents (86%) are comfortable discussing FP; however, only 31% self‐reported feeling up‐to‐date on knowledge of current FP methods. Female physicians were more likely to report up‐to‐date knowledge and confidence discussing FP with patients. Forty percent of respondents identified that concerns about the welfare of the resulting offspring should not be a cause for denying patients assistance in reproduction.

Conclusion

There is a significant difference in physician attitude toward offering FP based on the cancer stage. Increased awareness of standard of care guidelines and resources for difficult situations may improve the frequency of discussions about FP in motivated cancer patients.
Mutational landscape and clinical outcome of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia with 11q23/KMT2A rearrangements
Authors: Yuen Ka‐Yuk , Liu Yong , Zhou Yong‐Zhuo , Wang Yin , Zhou Dun‐Hua , Fang Jian‐Pei , Xu Lu‐Hong
Published: July 2022

Background

Alterations of 11q23/KMT2A are the most prevalent cytogenetic abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the prognostic significance of 11q23/KMT2A‐rearranged AML based on various translocation partners varies among different studies. However, few studies evaluated the molecular characteristics of 11q23/KMT2A‐rearranged pediatric AML. We aim to analyze the mutational landscape of 11q23/KMT2A‐rearranged AML and assess their prognostic value in outcomes.

Methods

The mutational landscape and clinical prognosis of 105 children with 11q23/KMT2A‐rearranged AML in comparison with 277 children with non‐11q23/KMT2A‐rearranged AML were analyzed using publicly accessible next‐generation sequencing data from Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) dataset.

Results

Pediatric AML patients with 11q23/KMT2A‐rearrangements harbored a low number of mutations (Median, 1 mutation/patient, range, 1‐22), 58% of which involved in RAS pathway mutations (KRAS, NRAS, and PTPN11) and 10.5% of which comprised of SETD2 mutations. Compared with non‐11q23/KMT2A‐rearranged AML, the incidence of KRAS (32.4% vs. 10.1%, P〈0.001) and SETD2 (10.5% vs. 1.4%, P=0.001) gene mutations in 11q23/KMT2A‐rearranged AML was significantly higher. Both KRAS and SETD2 mutations occurred more often in t(10;11)(p12;q23). KRAS mutations were correlated with worse 5‐year event‐free survival [EFS] (Plog‐rank = 0.001) and 5‐year overall survival [OS] (Plog‐rank = 0.009) and the presence of SETD2 mutations increases the 5‐year relapse rate (PGray = 0.004). Multivariate analyses confirmed KRAS mutations in 11q23/KMT2A‐rearranged AML as an independent predictor for poor EFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.10, P=0.05) and OS (HR = 2.39, P=0.054).

Conclusion

Our findings show that pediatric patients with 11q23/KMT2A rearrangements have characteristic mutation patterns and varying clinical outcomes depending on different translocation partners, which could be utilized to develop more accurate risk stratification and tailored therapies.
Gender differences in factors that facilitate successful therapeutic progress and outcome: A pilot study
Authors: Arora Saachi , Bhatia Sangeeta
Published: July 2022

The current study aims to explore gender differences in factors that facilitate successful therapeutic progress and outcome in the process of psychotherapy. The study was conducted in order to facilitate gender‐sensitive psychotherapy. In order to ascertain the objectives, the sample was collected from individuals who have either experienced or are experiencing psychotherapy as clients. In total, 20 females and 20 males were selected for participation in the study. The data were collected through an online mode. Informed consent was obtained from all clients. The tools used in the study were Session Rating Scale and Session Impacts Scale. The tools were used to assess the factors that determine therapeutic progress and outcomes. Information obtained on these tools was recorded and assessed through quantitative data analysis. Participants were also assessed qualitatively by asking them to describe any major events or important impacts that occurred as a result of psychotherapy. Qualitative responses were then recorded and analysed using content analysis in order to explore the subjective experiences of participants which contributed to their recovery. The findings indicated that males and females equally value the importance of therapeutic alliance between the therapist and client, and agreement on goals and methods. Males and females perceive task and relationship‐oriented factors as helpful in therapy. The relationship factors include being supported and encouraged in therapy, and feeling validated and understood by the therapist. The task‐oriented factors include tools used in therapy, definition of problems and setting therapeutic goals. Males tend to be more sensitive towards factors that inhibit the therapeutic process in comparison with females. Males experience the feeling of “something missing” in therapy sessions more than females. Overall, the findings of this study enhance the understanding of factors that aid recovery in the psychotherapy process for males and females.
Effects of wheat flour with different farinograph and pasting characteristics on the surface tackiness of frozen cooked noodles
Authors: Zhang Ya‐Ru , Wang Yuan‐Hui , Shen Jin‐Qi , Guo Yu‐Ying , Fei Ying‐Xiang , Yu Xiao‐Yu , Zhang Guo‐Zhi , Guo Wei‐Min , Yan Mei‐Hui
Published: July 2022

Background and Objectives

The sticky surface of cooked noodles seriously reduces consumer acceptance. This study investigates the effects of 12 wheat flour samples with different farinograph and pasting characteristics on the texture, sensory properties, and surface tackiness of recooked frozen cooked noodles (FCNs).

Findings

The recooked FCNs made of flour sample 1# with long dough stability time (DST) and high farinograph quality number (FQN) had a low surface tackiness (411 g) and high evaluation score (87). Meanwhile, wheat flour (sample 12#) with high peak viscosity (PV) had a proper degree of starch gelatinization, which would bring a low surface tackiness to FCNs. FCNs (sample 1#) had a high water‐holding capacity (T21 = 0.14 ms) and low unbound water content (A23 = 1.38%), and they had a dense internal gluten network structure.

Conclusions

The dense structure formed by protein and starch contributed to reducing the surface tackiness of FCNs after recooking and storing. Noodles factories should choose wheat flour which has long DST, high FQN, and high PV as raw material when producing FCNs.

Significance and Novelty

This study provides important information on choosing wheat flours suitable for making FCNs of high quality.
Aging characteristics of rice dried using microwave at 915 MHz frequency
Authors: Bruce Rebecca M. , Atungulu Griffiths G. , Sadaka Sammy , Mauromoustakos Andy
Published: July 2022

Background and Objectives

Rice aging is an intrinsic phenomenon that leads to physicochemical changes in rice kernels. The goal of this study is to determine the physicochemical properties of rice dried using a 915 MHz microwave and then aged. Two rice cultivars, a medium grain cultivar Titan and long grain hybrid cultivar XL753, with a harvest moisture content of 20% ± 1% (wet basis) were used for the study. The rice samples were treated with two different drying methods, natural air drying as control and microwave heating at 915 MHz frequency followed by tempering and natural air cooling at 25°C and 56% relative humidity (RH). Microwave‐dried samples were treated at specific energies ranging from 360 to 630 kJ/kg of initial wet grain mass (kJ/kg‐grain). Head rice samples were stored for 6 months at 4°C and 25°C representing nonaged and aged samples, respectively. Physicochemical properties of the samples were determined.

Findings

Aged microwave‐dried rice had significantly higher setback viscosity, cooked rice hardness and gumminess, and significantly lower peak viscosity and solid loss than nonaged rice. The changes in the viscosity profiles of aged microwave‐dried rice were generally similar to the trends recorded for aged control rice. Furthermore, aging significantly increased the water uptake and kernel elongation ratio of microwave‐dried rice cultivar XL753 but had no significant impact on rice cultivar Titan. Statistical models indicate that the solid loss of microwave‐dried rice decreases by 0.083% while the final viscosity, kernel elongation ratio, and hardness increase by 30 cP, 0.014, and 41 g respectively, with every degree Celsius increase in aging temperature (between 4°C and 25°C), when all other variables are kept constant. Also, aged microwave‐dried rice that were treated at 360 and 525 kJ/kg‐grain were practically equivalent in terms of hardness and solid loss.

Conclusions

Natural aging of microwave‐dried rice (dried at 915 MHz frequency) led to changes in some physicochemical properties which were generally similar to the aging patterns of the control rice. Microwave specific energy of 525 kJ/kg‐grain is recommended for rice drying because it produces rice with desirable drying and aging properties.

Significance and Novelty

This study provides processing recommendations that can be used to select microwave parameters for rice drying, which will achieve desirable rice properties.
Atrial fibrillation andWolff–Parkinson–Whitesyndrome: A double blow for the cardiologist
Authors: Bazoukis George , Papasavvas Elias , Pavlou Marios , Georgiou Panagiota , Kapetis Lorentzos , Patestos Dimitrios , Vlachos Konstantinos , Saplaouras Athanasios , Letsas Konstantinos P. , Efremidis Michael , Tsielepis Michalis
Published: July 2022

Electrocardiographic findings including irregularity of the rhythm, a very rapid ventricular response, and the presence of a delta wave should raise the suspicion of pre‐excited atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response. Urgent cardioversion is needed due to the risk of sudden cardiac death.
The Influence of Coordination Mode on the Redox Properties of Copper Complexes with Aβ(3‐16) and Its Pyroglutamate Counterpart pAβ(3‐16)
Authors: Wiloch Magdalena Z. , Baran Natalia , Jönsson‐Niedziółka Martin
Published: July 2022

Senile plaques are a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The plaques are mainly composed of small peptides from the β‐amyloid (Aβ) family which differ in how they bind copper ions and thus in their properties. pAβ(3‐42) species and its Aβ(3‐42) precursor are found in significant proportion in the plaques; however, their complexes with copper ions are hardly explored. The electrochemical response of the copper complexes with N‐truncated Aβ(3‐16) and its pyroglutamate counterpart pAβ(3‐16) was investigated using cyclic voltammetry. Results obtained in physiological pH (pH∼7.4) show that Cu(II) ions in these peptides undergo reduction Cu(II)/Cu(I) at a potential (Ef)∼0.05 V which in other peptides have been shown to enhance production of reactive oxygen species. Here, a voltammetric study, performed at pH below and above 7.4, reveals the effects of coordination modes on the observed redox processes. The conclusions are important for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
Single‐atom catalysis for carbon neutrality
Authors: Wang Ligang , Wang Dingsheng , Li Yadong
Published: July 2022

Currently, more than 86% of global energy consumption is still mainly dependent on traditional fossil fuels, which causes resource scarcity and even emission of high amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2), resulting in a severe “Greenhouse effect.” Considering this situation, the concept of “carbon neutrality” has been put forward by 125 countries one after another. To achieve the goals of “carbon neutrality,” two main strategies to reduce CO2emissions and develop sustainable clean energy can be adopted. Notably, these are crucial for the synthesis of advanced single‐atom catalysts (SACs) for energy‐related applications. In this review, we highlight unique SACs for conversion of CO2into high‐efficiency carbon energy, for example, through photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, and thermal catalytic hydrogenation technologies, to convert CO2into hydrocarbon fuels (CO, CH4, HCOOH, CH3OH, and multicarbon [C2+] products). In addition, we introduce advanced energy conversion technologies and devices to replace traditional polluting fossil fuels, such as photocatalytic and electrocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen energy and a high‐efficiency oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for fuel cells. Impressively, several representative examples of SACs (includingd‐,ds‐,p‐, andf‐blocks) for CO2conversion, water splitting to H2, and ORR are discussed to describe synthesis methods, characterization, and corresponding catalytic activity. Finally, this review concludes with a description of the challenges and outlooks for future applications of SACs in contributing toward carbon neutrality.
Inter‐ and intraobserver agreement in whole‐slide digital ThinPrep samples of low‐grade squamous lesions of the cervix uteri with known high‐risk HPV status: A multicentric international study
Authors: Kholová Ivana , Negri Giovanni , Nasioutziki Maria , Ventura Laura , Capitanio Arrigo , Bongiovanni Massimo , Cross Paul A. , Bourgain Claire , Edvardsson Henrik , Granados Rosario , Lipiński Artur , Obermann Ellen Christina , Pinamonti Maurizio , Sidlova Henrieta , Strojan Fležar Margareta , van Kemenade Folkert J. , Vrdoljak‐Mozetic Danijela , Fassina Ambrogio , Cochand‐Priollet Beatrix
Published: July 2022

Background

High‐risk human papilloma virus (HR HPV) testing and liquid‐based cytology are used for primary cervical screening. Digital cytology, based on whole‐slide scanned samples, is a promising technique for teaching and diagnostic purposes. The aim of our study was to evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver variation in low‐grade squamous lesions, HR HPV status bias, and the use of whole‐slide scanned digital cervical cytology slides.

Methods

Fifteen expert cytopathologists evaluated 71 digitalized ThinPrep slides (31 atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance [ASC‐US], 21 negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy, and 19 low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cases). HR HPV data were accessible only in the second round.

Results

In interobserver analysis, Kendall’s coefficient of concordance was 0.52 in the first round and 0.58 in the second round. Fleiss’ kappa values were 0.29 in the first round and 0.31 in the second round. In the ASC‐US category, Fleiss kappa increased from 0.19 to 0.22 in the second round and the increase was even higher expressed by Kendall’s coefficient: from 0.42 to 0.52. In intraobserver analysis, personal scores were higher in the second round.

Conclusions

The interobserver and intraobserver variability in low‐grade squamous lesions was within fair agreement values in the present study, in line with previous works. The comparison of two rounds showed that expert cytopathologists are generally unbiased by the knowledge of HR HPV data, but that being informed of the HR HPV status leads to a better agreement. Stain quality and back discomfort were highlighted as factors affecting digital cytopathology use.
Enhanced electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia using plasma‐induced oxygen vacancies in CoTiO3 − x nanofiber
Authors: Fan Xiaoya , Liang Jie , Zhang Longcheng , Zhao Donglin , Yue Luchao , Luo Yongsong , Liu Qian , Xie Lisi , Li Na , Tang Bo , Kong Qingquan , Sun Xuping
Published: July 2022

Electrochemical nitrate (NO3−) reduction is a green and economic route for ammonia (NH3) synthesis. However, this conversion suffers from low NH3 selectivity due to strong competition from other NO3− reduction pathways. Here, we report that a plasma‐induced defective CoTiO3 − x nanofiber with oxygen vacancies acts as an efficient electrocatalyst for NO3− reduction to NH3. In 0.1 M NaOH solution containing 0.1 M NO3−, it is capable of achieving a remarkable NH3 yield of 30.4 mg h–1 mgcat.–1 and a high Faradaic efficiency of 92.6%. The catalyst also shows strong electrochemical stability for a 20‐h electrolysis test. Additionally, a Zn‐NO3− battery using CoTiO3 − x as the cathode catalyst offers a peak power density of 5.04 mW cm−2 and a large NH3 yield of 3.08 mg h−1 mgcat.−1. The catalytic mechanism is further discussed by density functional theory calculations.
The dummy‐based trajectory privacy protection method to resist correlation attacks in Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Chen Qiuling , Ye Ayong , Zhao Ziwen , Xiong Jinbo
Published: July 2022

Existing dummy‐based trajectory privacy protection schemes do not take into account the correlation of multiple locations and whether the generated trajectory based on dummies matches the user's movement mode, which enables the adversary to identify some dummies. Aiming at this problem, to ensure that the generated trajectories match the movement modes of users, historical query trajectories of users are selected. In this way, the generated dummies on the selected historical query trajectories are based on the location relationship of adjacent time and the background information constraint of the dummy, namely, they should meet the time reachability, the similarity of historical query probability and the maximum in‐degree. Security analysis shows that the proposed scheme effectively perturbs the spatiotemporal correlation between the real location and dummies. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is compared with the existing schemes in terms of single‐point location exposure risk and trajectory exposure risk, and the experimental results indicate that the proposal has significant improvement in location privacy protection of the user.
Bacterial Aryl Sulfotransferases in Selective and Sustainable Sulfation of Biologically Active Compounds using Novel Sulfate Donors
Authors: Brodsky Katerina , Káňová Kristýna , Konvalinková Dorota , Slámová Kristýna , Pelantová Helena , Valentová Kateřina , Bojarová Pavla , Křen Vladimír , Petrásková Lucie
Published: July 2022

Regioselective sulfation of bioactive compounds is a vital and scarcely studied topic in enzyme‐catalyzed transformations and metabolomics. The major bottleneck of enzymatic sulfation consists in finding suitable sulfate donors. In this regard, 3′‐phosphoadenosine 5′‐phosphosulfate (PAPS)‐independent aryl sulfotransferases using aromatic sulfate donors are a favored choice due to their cost‐effectiveness. This work presents a unique study of five sulfate donors differing in their leaving group pKa values with a new His‐tagged construct of aryl sulfotransferase from Desulfitobacterium hafniense (DhAST‐tag). DhAST‐tag was purified to homogeneity and biochemically characterized. Two new donors (3‐nitrophenyl sulfate and 2‐nitrophenyl sulfate) were synthesized. The kinetic parameters of these and other commercial sulfates (4‐nitrophenyl, 4‐methylumbelliferyl, and phenyl) revealed large differences with respect to the structure of the leaving group. These donors were screened for the sulfation of selected flavonoids (myricetin, chrysin) and phenolic acids (gallate, 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetate). The donor impact on the sulfation regioselectivity and yield was assessed. The obtained regioselectively sulfated compounds are authentic human metabolites required as standards in clinical trials.
A high‐gain multi‐input single‐output switched quasi‐Z‐source converter for the integration of multiple renewable energy sources
Authors: Subramaniam Kalpanadevi , Muthusamy Suganthi , Periyasamy Rajendran
Published: July 2022

Aiming to integrate distinct renewable energy sources and to obtain the benefits of quasi‐Z‐source converter, voltage doubler rectifier, and switched capacitor converter, a high‐gain multi‐input single‐output switched quasi‐Z‐source converter (SqZSC) with a multi‐input high‐frequency transformer is proposed. The proposed SqZSC fed three‐phase six‐level (TPSL) micro‐inverter is designed to integrate multiple small‐scale renewable energy sources such as wind, photovoltaic systems, and fuel cells with the utility grid. Compared with the other topology of Z‐source converter, the designed converter can offer a high boost factor, low conversion losses, low voltage and current stress across the main chopping switches, and the one‐port impedance network. The design, working principle, voltage and current stress of the chopping switches, experimental results, and comparison with the other topology of ZSC are presented. Finally, the results of a 1200‐W prototype model are given to authenticate the steady‐state and dynamic performance of the proposed multi‐input single‐output SqZSC.