Small hydropower development in the remote facilities mountain areas of decentralized energy supply
Authors:   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Verstina Natalia , Meshcheryakova Tatiana ,   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Pakhomenko Elena ,   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The development of small hydropower is of enormous importance in the context of the development of territories that are isolated from the point of view of access to the central energy system and are located in special inaccessible mountainous areas. The implementation of small hydroelectric power station projects in such territories is vital for the living population, in view of the possibility of uninterrupted supply of electricity, especially to social infrastructure. Methods and materials. The classification method allowed the object selected for consideration to be positioned among other hydropower objects, which are distinguished by significant diversity and many characteristics that identify them, and to use this data for forecasting. The location of these SHPPs and the design solution that depends on it vary and act as conditions determined for choosing the power of an energy facility. In this regard, the study used the comparative analysis method to compare practices in different countries. The research materials included: scientific research by Russian and foreign authors in the field of renewable energy sources, reports from authorities, the international energy agency, which take into account statistical studies of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), British Petroleum (BP), materials from the Center for Strategic Research Foundation and the Development Strategy for Small Hydropower of the Republic Tajikistan and RusHydro property management services reports. The most important information resource on SHPPs was reference materials for navigating these objects in GPS/GLONASS. The results. Based on the results of the potential analysis for locating SHPPs IMA, the territories of the country in which these energy facilities may be most in demand were identified, taking into account their location in technologically isolated and inaccessible territories, and the development potential of such facilities was quantitatively assessed. Based on a combination of technological and managerial developments related to the creation and operation of IMA SHPP facilities, the conditions for decision - making at the level of forecasting for their placement were determined. Discussion. Implementing the MGES IMA construction solution for SHPPs is unique, different from the standard set of procedures for formation of project solutions based on the composition of the aggregates and mechanisms of implementation of fuel energy projects. The formation of a unique path to the implementation of the SHPPs IMAproject with regard to the proposed measures will, in practice, help to establish the development of VIE energy supply of mountain territories. The practice of large - scale generating companies also demonstrates the potential for the use of carbon units, verification and evaluation, which are in line with the existing discussion character and prospectively it can be seen in the scientific field when establishing the energy supply and consumption network at IMA. Conclusion. The service life of dam structures of small hydroelectric power stations significantly (2-4 times) exceeds the service life of other renewable energy facilities (SPP, WPP) and reaches 100 years. Capital costs for the construction of small hydroelectric power stations IMA average from 100 to 1000 rubles. per kW of installed capacity and depend primarily on the location, site and level of manufacturability of the power plant. Based on the consolidation of public data from authorities and the largest generating companies, it was concluded that there is unrealized potential for the placement of small hydroelectric power stations IMA, which is of greatest importance for the Sakhalin region.