bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Translation Theory between Theorization and Theoricization
Authors:   Professor of Translation and Stylistics, Department of English, College of Social Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia, Ghazala Dr. Hasan
Published: July 2021

There has been an accumulation of a huge stuff of theorization about translation enveloping and cramming translation theory and threatening its existence by demeaning and probably blasting its bases, thus leading to the chaos in translation theory. Yet, a substantial part of this theorization is mere destructive theoricization that has caused considerable damage to translation theory. In translation, it aims at creating ambivalent situations and conflicting hypotheses in translation theory, tools and tactics, casting doubts on some basic topics of translation theory, including claims like untranslatability of culture, translation prescriptivism vs. descriptivism, equivalence as a chimera, breaking translation norms, regularities and boundaries, demoralising the SL text and putting it in the service of the TL culture and suspecting the definition of key terms in the field on the top of which is the term "translation. That would jeopardize the stability and credibility of translation theory as a whole, and may render it inoperative. This is indeed the most serious challenge for the substance of contemporary translation theory. The present paper is a comparative study drawn between the facts of genuine constructive theorization and damaging destructive theoricization that aims at suffocating any attempt to set out an institutionalized body of knowledge of guidelines and principles of a solid translation theory, and develop it in a systematic and on-the-ground way to tackle any new issue or problem of translation in application. The study virtually ends up with a decisive conclusive result that, despite few shortcomings, a rigorous, practice-based translation theory does exist the world over.
Factors Affecting the Design and Economic Operation of Distribution Networks and Its Investigation in the 0.4 KV Distribution Network of Ghazni City
Authors:   Electrical Power Engineering Department, Ghazni Technical University, Afghanistan, Danishmal Massoud
Published: July 2021

The design of power distribution systems should be such that it can technically respond to the increase in electricity demand properly and economically, optimally designed and high network reliability. In order to respond to the increase in electricity demand, load forecasting must be done so that in addition to providing the electricity needed by customers, expansion of power generation centers, expansion of substations, expansion of transformer stations and selection of their appropriate location can be done optimally. In this article, we first examine the definitions and factors that are technically and economically effective in the economic design of energy distribution systems. And in the next stage, we will see whether these above-mentioned effective factors are considered in the 0.4 kV distribution network of Ghazni city or not.
Frequency of G6PD Deficiency in General Population at District Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Muhammad Shoaib , Ullah Arif , Haq Sami ul , Shoaib Mohammd
Published: July 2021

Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked disease and it is a common enzymaticdisease of RBCs in humans X linked recessive condition are more common in males than females. The said deficiency leads toaffecting >400 million people worldwide Individuals, normally males, with deficient alleles are helpless to neonatal jaundice andintense hemolytic anemia, usually during disease, after treatment with specific medications or subsequent to eating Fava beans..Objective: To measure the frequency of Glucose-6-Phosphate-Dehydrogenase deficiency in general population at district Bannu,Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 500 human subjects, who were referred forG6PD assay, in Samad clinical Laboratory, District Bannu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, from July 2018 to July 2019. 500ccvenous whole blood was collected in EDTA containing vial, for G6PD Test. (Span Diagnostic S.A.R.L, France). Patients of any Age,Sex & area having fever, hematuria, headache, visible jaundice, family history, malaria and anemia were included in this study,while patients suffering from renal disease, any malignancy & not willing persons were excluded.Results: Out of the total 500 hundred, 370 (74%) were males and females were 130 (26%). Total 64/500 (12.8 %) were G6PDdeficient, with 55 male and 09 were female. Malaria positive with G6PD deficiency were 13/64 (20.31%), with 12 males and onefemale. Statistically significant difference among each group (p= 0.0022) was noted. Mean age of the G6PD deficient persons was(2.8 ± 1.03) years. Anemia was graded as Hemoglobin less than 11.5g/dl was taken as anemia. Severe anemia as Hb < 7 g/dl,moderate anemia as Hb ranged between 7-10 g/dl and mild if Hb ranged between 10-11.5 g/dl.Among 370 males, 86 persons had hemoglobin of less than 11.5 g/dl, 42 had hemoglobin 7-10 g/dl and 7 patients had hemoglobinless than 7 g/dl, only 235 patients had hemoglobin more than 11.5, among 130 females, 33 patients had hemoglobin of less than11.5 g/dl, 17 patients had hemoglobin 7-10 g/dl and 05 patients had hemoglobin less than 7 g/dl, only 75 patients had hemoglobinmore than 11.5 g/dl.Conclusion: This study shows high frequency of G6PD Deficiency in district Bannu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan especially veryhigh frequency in males than females.
Pattern of Drugs Misuse among Patients attending Iftikhar Psychiatric Hospital, Peshawar
Authors: Khan Ghaazaan , Haq Mian Mukhtiar ul , Khan Aimal , Naeem S. M. , Hussain Mian Iftikhar , , Shafiullah
Published: July 2021

Background: Drug addiction is a very common issue in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa due to easy availability of drugs on account ofsharing border with Afghanistan, illiteracy and lack of implementation of laws to deal with drug trafficking. There is need to study thepattern of misuse of illicit drugs in this region.Objectives: To determine the pattern of drugs misuse among patients attending Iftikhar Psychiatric Hospital, PeshawarMaterial and Methods: It was a descriptive study, carried out on 135 persons, with history of drugs misus, who were presented toIftikhar Psychiatric Hospital, Peshawar, from January 2019 to December 2019. Urine samples of every subject were screened for various drugs using immune chromatography technique.Results: The most frequently misused drug in the study was Opiate (84%) followed by Marijuana(76%),Benzodiazepines(43%), Methamphetamines(8%), Tricyclic antidepressants(4%) and cocaine(0.74%). Out of the total 135patients, 133(98.5%) were males while 2(1.5%) were females. Poly substance misuse was more predominant in the study.Conclusion: Drug addiction is a very serious public health issue globally including Pakistan. Male addiction predominanceand opiates overuse is observed high in the present study. There is need to take all necessary steps to curb the curse of drugabuse.
Post Chemo Lung Toxicity: A Less Visited Domain
Authors: Saeed Sidra , Majid Abdul , Adil Zeenat , Rehman Mahnoor , Sandal Anisa , Iqbal Sana
Published: July 2021

Background: Post-anticancer chemotherapy changes in lung parenchyma is an important and challenging aetiology for radiologists presenting not uncommonly in cancer patients. Early diagnosis of post-chemotherapy lung toxicity have serious implications on patient's health.Objective: To evaluate post-chemotherapy cancer patients for pulmonary toxicity and establish their association with frequency of chemotherapy cycles and time lapse since last cycle.Material and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Kuwait teaching Hospital from January 2018 till December 2018. A total of 204 patients were evaluated with age ranging from 3 to 78 years including 63 male and 141 female patients. Chest CT scan had been done on16 slice Toshiba CT scanner in Radiology department of Kuwait Teaching Hospital. Images were evaluated in axial, coronal and sagittal planes and in lung and soft tissue window on workstation. Data like patient age ,gender , malignancy , number of chemotherapy cycles received , time lapse since last chemotherapy cycle, common CT manifestations of lung toxicity and CT lung findings unrelated to chemotherapy regimens ;was collected and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Out of the total 204 patients, who already had anticancer therapy, 135 patients (66.2%) did not show any pulmonary abnormality on CT chest . 11 patients (5.4%) showed chemotherapy related pulmonary findings on CT. 46 patients (22.5%) showed CT chest findings which were incidental and irrelevant to chemotherapy.12 patients (5.9%) had both chemotherapy related pulmonary toxicity changes and incidental findings. The types of post chemotherapy CT lung changes were divided into ground-glass haze, ground glass haze with bronchiectasis, ground glass haze with septal thickening giving crazy paving appearance, patches of consolidation and reticular thickening. 10 patients had sole finding of ground glass haze only (43.5%) whereas 4 patient showed ground glass haze with bronchiectatic changes(17.4 %) and 2 patients depicted a crazy paving appearance (8.7%). Significant association (p=0.00) was noted between number of chemotherapy cycles and above mentioned CT lung findings .No positive correlation was present between time lapse since last chemotherapy cycle and these CT lung findings. Conclusion: Ground glass attenuation was found to be the most profounding feature of post chemotherapy lung CT changes.
MHD FREE CONVECTION AND MASS TRANSFER FLOW PAST AN ACCELERATED VERTICAL PLATE WITH CHEMICAL REACTION IN PRESENCE OF RADIATION
Authors: SARMA D. , AHMED N. , DEKA H.
Published: July 2021

This paper deals with the study of the thermal radiation and chemical reaction effects on an unsteady MHD free convective mass transfer flow past an accelerated infinite vertical plate embedded in a porous medium. The Rosseland approximation is used to describe the radiative heat flux in the energy equation. The dimensionless governing equations of motion are solved by using Laplace transform technique in closed form. Expressions for the velocity, temperature and concentration are obtained. The resulting velocity and temperature profiles as well as the skin-friction, rate of heat and mass transfer are shown graphically for different values of the physical parameters viz., Grashof number, Prandtl number, Schmidt number, Chemical reaction parameter, Radiation parameter, Magnetic parameter and Porosity parameter.
ON HYDROMAGNETIC BOUNDARY LAYER FLOW OF NANOFLUIDS OVER A PERMEABLE MOVING SURFACE WITH NEWTONIAN HEATING
Authors: MUTUKU-NJANE W. N. , MAKINDE O. D.
Published: July 2021

The magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) boundary layer flow of nanofluids past a permeable moving flat plate with convective heating at the plate surface has been studied. The nanofluids considered contain water as the base fluid with copper (Cu) or Alumina (Al2O3) as the nanoparticles. The model equations are obtained and solved numerically by applying shooting iteration technique together with the fourth order Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg integration scheme. The influence of pertinent parameters on velocity, temperature, skin friction and Nusselt number are investigated. The obtained results are presented graphically and the physical aspects of the problem discussed quantitatively.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING FOR POROUS MEDIA TRANSPORT IN NEWTONIAN RADIATING/CHEMICALLY REACTING FLUID OVER AN IMPULSIVELY-STARTED VERTICAL PLATE: A FINITE DIFFERENCE APPROACH
Authors: AHMED S. , KALITA K.
Published: July 2021

Theoretical investigation is presented here for the model of unsteady MHD thermal convection flow of a viscous incompressible absorbingemitting optically thin gray gas along an impulsivelystarted semi-infinite vertical plate adjacent to the Darcian porous regime in the presence of a first order chemical reaction and significant thermal radiation effects. The conservation equations are nondimensionalized and are solved by an accurate and unconditionally stable implicit finite difference scheme of Crank-Nicholson type. The flow is found to be accelerated with increasing porosity parameter (K), whereas the temperature and concentration distributions are reduced in the Darcian regime. Flow velocity and Temperature are found to be depressed with progression of thermal radiation (Ra) contribution, but enhanced the concentration distribution. Applications of the model arise in solar energy collector analysis, magneto-fluid dynamics and industrial materials processing.
FACILE SYNTHESIS AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF PbO NANOSTRUCTURES
Authors: YOUSEFI R. , JAMALI-SHEINI F. , CHERAGHIZADE M. , SA'AEDI A.
Published: July 2021

PbO nanostructures were synthesized by the oxidation of lead sheets in a tube furnace under oxygen ambient using different temperatures, from 280 °C to 450 °C. X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) indicated the formation of α-PbO nanostructures from the lead sheet with an increase in the temperature. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results showed that flake-like shapes were starting to grow on the lead sheet that was placed in the 280 °C. In addition, the SEM studies showed nanoflake and nanoporous morphologies for the lead sheets that were placed at 330 °C and 450 °C, respectively. Raman measurements confirmed the XRD results and indicated two Raman active modes that belonged to the α-PbO phase for the nanoflakes and the nanoporous surface. The optical properties of the products were characterized using a photoluminescence (PL) technique. The PL results for the PbO nanoflakes and nanopores showed a peak in the visible region.
A MODEL OF THE ARTERIAL WALL INTERACTION WITH A BLOOD PRESSURE SENSOR TRANSDUCER FIXED IN PROXIMITY
Authors: FRANCO-AYALA M. F. , CEBALLOS HERRERA D. E. , PEREZ SANCHEZ G. G. , MARTINEZ-PINON F. , ALVAREZ-CHAVEZ J. A.
Published: July 2021

MEMS technology is an option for the development of a pressure sensor which allows the monitoring of several bio-signals in humans. In this work, a comparison is made between the typical elasticity and viscosity presented in several arteries in the human body and those present in MEMS silicon microstructures based on membranes in proximity with an arterial wall. The main purpose is to identify which types of microstructures are mechanically compatible with human arteries. The ultimate goal is to integrate a blood pressure sensor which can be implanted in proximity with an artery. The expected benefits for this type of sensor are mainly the reduction in problems associated with the use of bulk devices through the day and during several days. Such a sensor could provide precise blood pressure readings in a continuous or periodic form, i.e. information that is especially important for some critical cases of hypertension patients. The modeling work involved in this paper, accounts for the analysis of micro displacements present in the membrane of a MEMs silicone microstructure placed directly on a human arterial wall, at different heart rates. The modeling includes the effects of elasticity and viscosity of the silicone structure on the pressure measurement. Additionally, the sensitivity of the membrane to detect slight variations in the blood pressure is presented.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF FUZZY MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY OPERATORS ON NOISY MRI
Authors: BOUCHET A. , BENALCÁZAR PALACIOS F. , BRUN M. , BALLARIN V. L.
Published: July 2021

Despite a large amount of publications on Fuzzy Mathematical Morphology, little effort was done on systematic evaluation of the performance of this technique. The goal of this work is to compare the robustness against noise of Fuzzy and non Fuzzy Morphological operators when applied to noisy images. Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) of the brain are a kind of images containing some characteristics that make fuzzy operators an interesting choice, because of their intrinsic noise and imprecision. The robustness was evaluated as the degree in which the results of the operators are not affected by artificial noise in the images. In the analysis we compared different implementation of Fuzzy Mathematical Morphology, and observed that in most of the cases they show higher robustness against noise than the classical morphological operators.
Institutional Change and Economic Growth in East Asia after the Asian Financial Crisis, 1997-98
Authors: Kee Hoon Chung
Published: July 2021

Theories on institutional change assert that exogenous shocks are critical in transforming path-dependent institutions. There is not much empiric research, however, that has investigated whether that is indeed the case. To fill this gap, this study investigates the effects of institutional quality on economic growth with a focus on East Asia before and after the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis, which delivered a critical shock in economic activities and institutions in East Asia. Using panel data analysis from 1981 and 2007, I investigate whether the effect of institutional quality on economic growth differed in East Asia compared to rest of the world before the crisis and whether such relationship changed after the crisis. Using two-way fixed effects model, the estimation shows that the effect of institutional quality on economic growth was positive on average for the rest of the world after the crisis but negative for East Asia. The negative coefficient was particularly strong for the three countries—South Korea, Indonesia, and Thailand—that suffered the most during the crisis. However, in the long term, there was no significant change of this negative effect.
Nonprofit Membership and Interpersonal Trust in Diversity
Authors: Ji Luo , Shun Xie , Kai Liu , Amin Mian Asad
Published: July 2021

Diverse values and unified interpersonal trust have both been stressed as prerequisites in social governance, although contradictions can arise in trying to achieve both. Using cross-national data of more than 29,000 samples from the World Value Survey and relying on the circle and layer structure of governance consensus, we investigate the extent to which the participation of nonprofits in social governance influences interpersonal trust and value diversity. Our findings show that nonprofits increase the perception of fairness in social governance and that they contribute to cultural diversity.
Political Failure, Citizen Feedback, and Representative Bureaucracy: The Interplay of Politics, Public Management and Governance*
Authors: Meier Kenneth J.
Published: July 2021

This article proposes that two major trends — the failure of political institutions and the globalization of minority rights — present major challenges for public administration. These changes mean that public administrators must now perform roles that were previously the realm of elected officials in relation to the broader public. Specific concerns related to the public’s ability to evaluate programs and the enhanced role and limits on representative bureaucracy are discussed.
Strange Bedfellows: Cooperative Policy Making in a Divided Government
Authors: Lee Jongkon
Published: July 2021

It is widely believed that the lack of bipartisanship between the executive and legislative branches in the United States is deleterious to policy making. However, a divided government is perhaps more productive than a unified government because it can facilitate electoral gains for the minority party. Policy created by a divided government can be seen as the collaborative outcome of the majority and minority parties, but that of a unified government is perceived as the exclusive work of the majority party. Further, successful policy making on the part of the unified government could have the effect of compromising the minority party’s brand. Thus, the minority party has more incentive to negotiate with the majority party and participate in policy making in a divided government. To the extent that party brand name assumes greater importance in elections in a polarized political system, a divided government could be more conducive to policy making than a unified government.
The Longer the Better? The Impact of Internal vs. External CEO Hires and Tenure on Organizational Performance: Evidence from the Banking Industry of the Republic of Korea*
Authors: Moon Seokhwi , Park Sangin
Published: July 2021

This study investigates the effect of internal vs. external CEO hiring and cumulative presidency on bank profitability (return on assets, return on equity) and asset quality (substandard loans, nonperforming loans) in the Republic of Korea’s banking industry. We also try to find evidence of a nonlinear effect of long-term CEO tenure to check whether it gradually increases or decreases over time. Using the panel data of five state-owned banks, six private banks and six local banks from 2000-2019, we found that CEOs hired from the inside improve performance more than those hired from the outside and that CEOs with long tenures do as well. However, an investigation of a non-linear term of tenure yields an inverted u-curve, meaning the effect of longer tenure dissipates over time. These results thus offer reasons to avoid the short-termism that prevails today. The coefficient of the main regressors remained mostly the same with several robustness tests.
The Moderating Effect of Demographic and Environmental Factors in the Spread and Mortality Rate of COVID-19 during Peak and Stagnant Periods
Authors: Park Soonae , Cha Yongho
Published: July 2021

This study explores the demographic and environmental factors affecting the spread and mortality rate of COVID-19 in countries around the world. We performed a hierarchical regression by adding interaction terms to such factors as the proportion of people aged 65 or older, the ratio of foreign migrants, the number of hospital beds available, population density, the Gini index, smoking rate among the population, mean population exposure to PM2.5 and NOx emissions in each country. We found that countries with a higher proportion of people over 65 had a higher rate of confirmed positive cases, a higher mortality rate, and a higher case fatality rate. We also found that there was a positive and significant statistical correlation between the number of foreign migrants in a country and the rate of confirmed positive COVID-19 cases and the number of deaths but an inverse relationship between this variable and the case fatality rate. We found a negative relationship between the number of hospital beds and mortality and case fatality rate while but a positive relationship between the level of nitrogen oxides in the environment and the rate of confirmed positive cases, the mortality rate, and the case fatality rate, although there was no such relationship for ultrafine dust. Overall, the variables affecting the spread and mortality of COVID-19 in June, during which it was expected there would be a lull after the virus had reached its peak in May, were similar to those affecting its spread and mortality in May, but the model’s explanatory power and significance were higher in May.
A Comparative Study of Entrepreneurial Leadership and Organizational Culture Oriented toward Innovation in Central Government Agencies, Public Enterprises, and Executive Agencies
Authors: Kim Min Young , Lee Hyo Joo
Published: July 2021

Research indicates that entrepreneurial leadership is positively related to organizational innovation among central government agencies, public enterprises, and executive agencies in Korea. In addition, a performanceoriented with a humane orientation supports organizational innovation, while hierarchical culture has a negative impact on organizational innovation in Korean public sectors. Among organization types, only central government agencies have been found to have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between performance-oriented culture and organizational innovation. Given that public enterprise is more market-based and that executive agencies have great autonomy in budgeting and personnel to ensure the maximization of performance, central government agencies should adopt more practices designed to improve performance in a positive work culture.
Innovative Behavior in Public Sector Services Public Service Motivation and Private Sector Experience*
Authors: Eun Jonghwan
Published: July 2021

The demand for innovation in public organizations is increasing. In this study, I explore factors that contribute to the innovative behavior of civil servants at the individual level. The theoretical distinction between public and private organizations has long been a subject of debate, and certain characteristics of innovation in public organizations mimic innovation in the private sector, even though the purpose of innovation in public organizations is to secure public goods. In order to examine the innovative behavior of public employees who face such contradictory circumstances, I parameterized the characteristics of each sector, using whether or not the employee had worked in the private sector prior to entering the public service as the characteristic for the private sector and the effect of public service motivation on innovative behavior as the characteristic for the public sector and found that at the individual level, the two are not mutually exclusive.
Coordination, Incentives, and Persuasion: South Korea’s Comprehensive Approach to COVID-19 Containment*
Authors: Im Tobin , Campbell Jesse W.
Published: July 2021

A rapid and comprehensive policy response allowed South Korea to contain an aggressive outbreak of COVID-19 without resorting to the harsh lockdown measures necessitated in other countries. However, while the general content of Korea’s response is now fairly well-known, what has received less attention is the unique governance context in which the country’s containment strategy was formulated and implemented. This article focuses on 3 administrative elements of Korea’s pandemic containment approach. First, the central government effectively coordinated the efforts of sub-national governments to ensure critical resource availability and deliver a response calibrated to the situation of each locale. Second, ongoing inter-sectoral collaboration was used to marshal non-government resources in both the biotech and medical sectors which in turn enabled core features of Korea’s policy, including a rapid acceleration of testing. Third, a timely, accessible, and technocratic communications strategy, led by public health experts and leveraging the country’s highly developed information and communications technology systems, facilitated citizen trust and ultimately voluntary compliance with public health directives. Although the Korean approach offers a number of lessons for other countries, by ignoring the specific administrative and social characteristics that are relevant to its implementation, policymakers risk overestimating its inter-contextual portability. By thoroughly contextualizing Korea’s virus containment strategy, this article seeks to minimize this risk.
Pengaruh Coronavirus Disease 2019 Terhadap Jenis Kelamin Dan Manifestasi Neurologi : Systematic Review
Authors: Fendi Ali , Azzam Rohman , Mustikasari Mustikasari
Published: July 2021

Latar Belakang: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) saat ini menjadi permasalahan dunia yang serius dengan jumlah kasusnya yang selalu mengalami peningkatan setiap harinya. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh infeksi coronavirus disease 2019 terhadap jenis kelamin dan manifestasi neurologis. Metode: systematic review dengan mengumpulkan penelitian dari tahun 2019-2020 menggunakan database google scholar dan pubmed dengan kata kunci Coronavirus disease 2019 dan manifestasi neurologis sehingga diperoleh Hasil: 576 artikel/jurnal. Dilakukan seleksi sesuai kriteria inklusi maka diperoleh 22 artikel/jurnal. Laki-laki lebih banyak terinfeksi Covid-19 daripada perempuan. Manifestasi neurologis yang ditemukan adalah gangguan sistem saraf pusat (pusing, sakit kepala, gangguan kesadaran, penyakit serebrovaskular akut, kejang dan ataksia), gangguan sistem saraf tepi (Gangguan penciuman, perasa dan gangguan penglihatan) dan cedera otot rangka (Syndrome Guillane Barre (SGB)). Kesimpulan: infeksi coronavirus disease 2019 lebih banyak diderita laki-laki daripada perempuan dengan 3 manifestasi neurologis : gangguan sistem saraf pusat, gangguan sistem saraf tepi dan gangguan cedera otot. Oleh karena itu untuk memutus rantai infeksi agar selalu menjalankan protokol kesehatan seperti memakai masker, mencuci tangan dan menjaga jarak. Kata Kunci : Coronavirus disease 2019 dan manifestasi Neurologis.
Pemenuhan Pola Makan Gizi Seimbang Dalam Penanganan Stunting Pada Balita Di Wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Rawalumbu Bekasi
Authors: Suriany Simamora Rotua , Kresnawati Puri
Published: July 2021

Stunting (pendek) berdasarkan umur adalah tinggi badan yang berada di bawah minus dua standar deviasi (<-2SD) berdasarkan tabel status gizi WHO child growth standard. Stunting dapat menjadi ancaman utama terhadap kualitas manusia Indonesia dan juga  ancaman terhadap kemampuan daya saing bangsa. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena anak stunted bukan hanya terganggu pertumbuhan fisiknya saja, melainkan juga terganggu perkembangan otaknya yang sangat mempengaruhi kemampuan dan prestasi di sekolah, produktivitas dan kreativitas di usia produktif. Asupan gizi seimbang dari makanan memegang peranan penting dalam proses pertumbuhan anak. Penerapan pola makan dengan gizi seimbang menekankan pola konsumsi pangan dalam jenis dan jumlah prinsip keanekaragaman pangan untuk mencegah masalah gizi. Komponen yang harus dipenuhi dalam penerapan pola makan gizi seimbang mencakup cukup secara kuantitas, kualitas, mengandung berbagai zat gizi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari serta dapat menyimpan zat gizi untuk mencukupi kebutuhan tubuh.  Penelitian ini adalah penelitian epidemiologi analitik observasional menggunakan desain cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini 200 responden dimana pengambilan sampel menggunakan quota sampling. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis bivariat menggunakan chie suquare. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemenuhan pola makan gizi seimbang berhubungan dengan penanganan stunting pada balita dengan p value sebesar 0,035 dan Odds Ratio 2.304. Kata Kunci : Gizi Seimbang, Stunting, Balita
Hubungan Dukungan Suami Dengan Keberhasilan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Pada Ibu Bekerja
Authors: Dwi Andriani Ratna Ariesta , Dewi Uke Maharani
Published: July 2021

Salah satu penyebab dari tingginya Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) adalah diare yang disebabkan karena buruknya pemberian makanan dalam enam bulan pertama kehidupan bayi. pemenuhan nutrisi yang baik akan sangat berpengaruh pada tumbuh kembang bayi. Air Susu Ibu (ASI) merupakan nutrisi utama bagi bayi usi 0-6 bulan. komposisi yang terkandung dalam ASI sangat sesuai dengan kebutuhan bayi. Cakupan pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Jawa Timur masih berada dibawah target. Cakupan ASI eksklusif tahun 2010 sebesar 30,72%, angka ini jauh dari target yang ditetapkan yaitu sebesar 80%. tidak adanya dukungan dari keluarga terutama suami, menjadi alasan yang banyak dikemukakan oleh ibu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan dukungan suami dengan keberhasilan ASI eksklusif pada ibu bekerja. Teknik sampling dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner. Kemudian data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan chi square. Hasil dari penelitian ini berdasarkan uji chi square menyatakan nilai  Pvalue yaitu 0,001 < 0,05 ini artinya terdapat hubungan dukungan suami dengan keberhasilan ASI eksklusif pada ibu bekerja. Kata kunci: Dukungan suami, Menyusui, ASI eksklusif
Review: Potensi Pengembangan Pertanian Perkotaan oleh Lanjut Usia untuk Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan
Authors: Nurjasmi Reni
Published: July 2021

Pertanian perkotaan merupakan sebuah industri yang memproduksi, memproses, dan menjual bahan makanan dalam rangka memenuhi permintaan harian konsumen dalam kota dan pinggiran kota melalui penerapan metode produksi intensif, menggunakan sumber daya alam dan limbah perkotaan untuk menghasilkan berbagai macam tanaman dan ternak. Paradigma peran pertanian perkotaan telah bergeser pada tataran peran yang lebih strategis, yakni sebagai pendukung ketahanan pangan dan keamanan pangan kota serta sekitar kota. Implementasi pertanian perkotaan yang dilakukan secara penuh di setiap kota besar dunia akan menghasilkan 180 juta ton bahan makanan selama setahun. Angka tersebut merupakan 10 persen dari total hasil produksi makanan secara global. Meskipun saat ini banyak masyarakat yang menaruh minat pada pertanian perkotaan namun jumlahnya masih jauh dari mencukupi kebutuhan pangan masyarakat, akibatnya hingga saat ini pasokan pangan perkotaan masih sangat bergantung pada perdesaan maupun kawasan pinggir kota bahkan beberapa produk pangan merupakan produk impor. Populasi lansia di perkotaan mengalami peningkatan 52,80 persen dibandingkan di perdesaan yaitu 47,20 persen. Diprediksi pada tahun 2050 populasi lansia mencapai 25 persen dari total populasi penduduk Indonesia. Potensi ini harus menjadi peluang untuk mengembangkan pertanian perkotaan melalui pemberdayaan lansia untuk mewujudkan ketahanan pangan. Berbagai teknologi pertanian perkotaan dapat menjadi pilihan bagi lansia untuk bercocok tanam namun yang paling direkomendasikan adalah model vertikultur atau bertingkat. Pertanian perkotaan juga berdampak positif bagi kesehatan fisik dan mental yaitu menurunkan tingkat stres, meningkatkan serotin, meningkatkan kesehatan jantung dan mengurangi risiko stroke, meningkatkan kesehatan otak, meningkatkan mobilitas, dan meningkatkan kebutuhan nutrisi dan gizi. Kata Kunci: Pertanian Perkotaan, Lanjut Usia, Ketahanan Pangan
Efektivitas Insektisida Nabati (Lengkuas, Serai, dan Mimba) Terhadap Wereng Batang Coklat
Authors: Antoni Antoni , Muchtar Ruswadi , Meidiantie Diah
Published: July 2021

Penggunaan insektisida nabati lebih direkomendasikan untuk mengendalikan wereng batang coklat dibandingkan insektisida kimia. Insektisida kimia berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan maupun kesehatan hewan dan manusia. Berbagai macam bahan alam dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai agen pengedali hama tanaman, antara lain lengkuas, serai, dan mimba. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui efektivitas    insektisida  nabati  wereng batang coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stall). Penelitian  dilakukan di Laboratorium pengamatan hama Balai Besar Peramalan Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan (BBPOPT) Jatisari Karawang. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan yaitu tanaman padi, lengkuas, serai, dan mimba. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) terdiri atas lima perlakuan dengan lima ulangan, sehingga terdapat 25 unit percobaan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah konsentrasi insektisida nabati yaitu kontrol, konsentrasi 25 ml/l air, konsentrasi 50 ml/l air, konsentrasi 75 ml/l air, dan konsentrasi 100 ml/l air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan insektisida nabati yang diberikan mempengaruhi mortalitas wereng batang coklat. Penggunaan insektisida nabati pada semua konsentrasi memiliki potensi yang sama dalam menekan mortalitas WBC namun konsentrasi yang paling efektif dan efisien adalah 25 ml/l air. Kata Kunci:  Organisme pengganggu tanaman, wereng batang coklat, insektisida nabati, lengkuas, serai, mimba
Pembuatan Tepung Wortel (Daucus carota L) Ditinjau dari Varietas Wortel dan Konsentrasi Na-Metabisulfit terhadap Kandungan Total Karoten
Authors: Sholihah Siti M
Published: July 2021

Wortel (Daucus carota L) merupakan bahan makanan yang mengandung karoten (pro vitamin A), thiamin, riboflavin dan tinggi kandungan gulanya. Sebagian besar wortel dikonsumsi dalam bentuk segar, diolah untuk sayur, dan ada juga yang dibuat juice. Penanganan wortel yang tepat untuk memperpanjang daya simpan, karena mudah sekali rusak adalah dengan cara dikeringkan dan diolah menjadi tepung wortel. Tepung wortel dapat digunakan sebagai campuran makanan bayi, campuran saos, dan sebagai bahan pewarna alami (colouring agent) untuk produk makanan khusus, seperti keju, ice cream, margarin, roti dan lain-lain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh varietas wortel dan konsentrasi Na-metabisulfit terhadap kandungan total karoten tepung wortel. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok secara factorial dengan 2 faktor dan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor 1, yaitu Varietas wortel (W) : varietas Arnas (W1) dan varietasTosari (W2), sedangkan faktor ke 2, yaitu Konsentrasi Na-metabisulfit (S) : 250 ppm (S1), 500 ppm (S2), dan 750 ppm (S3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mutu tepung wortel yang baik diperoleh dari kombinasi perlakuan varietas Tosari dengan konsentrasi Na-metabisulfit 500 ppm. Tepung wortel yang dihasilkan mempunyai penurunan total karoten sebesar 5,46%; kadar air 2,84%; Aw 0,36; rendemen 6,56%; residu SO2 54,4 ppm; tingkat kesukaan warna dan bau sebesar 8,07 dan 5,87. Kata Kunci: tepung wortel, arnas, tosari, total karoten
Perancangan Dan Implementasi Web Forum Alumni Universitas Internasional Batam
Authors: Aripradono Heru Wijayanto , Kelvin Kelvin
Published: July 2021

Perkembangan teknologi informasi, khususnya internet saat ini, sudah masuk dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan manusia, diantaranya dalam dunia pendidikan tinggi terutama untuk membangun kolaborasi antar pengguna dalam dunia digital. Penelitian bertujuan untuk membuat sebuah website forum alumni yang merupakan platform bagi pihak universitas dan alumni untuk dapat membagi informasi dan komuniasi. Dalam web forum alumni tersebut tersebut akan ada fitur seperti Chatroom, discussion, list alumni dan Map. Pada proses perancangan proyek ini bahasa pemograman PHP dengan framework Laravel, kemudian menggunakan HTML dan BootStrap yang digunakan dalam perancangan tampilan website tersebut. Adapun database yang digunakan adalah MySQL. Penggunaan Forum Alumni di Universitas International Batam sangatlah membantu pihak universitas maupun alumni dimana mereka dapat saling membagi informasi dan menjalin komunikasi. Kata kunci: Web, Forum Alumni, Universitas, Platform
Structural Equation Modelling the Interrelationships between Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Behavioural Intention among Maldivians seeking Medical Tourism Services
Authors: Jaleel Ahmed Ali , Khatibi Ali , Azam S. M. Ferdous
Published: July 2021

This quantitative study contributes to theory and practice by analysing the interrelationships between service quality, customer satisfaction and behavioural intention among Maldivians’ seeking medical tourism services. A total of 385 samples collected using stratified proportionate random sampling and a survey questionnaire approach in a non-contrived cross-sectional setting with minimal interference of the researcher. The study seeks to fill existing gaps in literature related to medical industry, and this study will be a first of its kind for the Maldives, as it is conducted nationwide across the 19 atolls to generalise the results of this study conducted in the Maldives context. The findings indicated that service quality significantly affects customer satisfaction as well as behavioural intention. Further analysis is provided for testing the intervening effect of customer satisfaction on the relationship between service quality and behavioural intention. The study results would help policymakers in the Maldives to formulate better policies on medical care and medical tourism. Academics in the field of business management and marketing would be able to utilise findings to enrich literature. Furthermore, the study assists marketeers and business analysts formulate new marketing strategies to penetrate the South Asian region market, with an emphasis on the medical care industry in the Maldives.
Survey of the Current Situation of Linguistic Students' Informational Text Competence in Vietnam
Authors: Thi Huong Thu Do , Thi Vinh Thuy Le , Thi Phuong Hanh Tran , Thi Hang My Duong , Thi Hien Do , Thi Hien Thu Pham
Published: July 2021

This survey studies the current status of the informational text writing competence of Philological Pedagogy students in Vietnam. In order to have a complete and comprehensive view of the literacy competence of Philology Pedagogy students, we have surveyed 366 students of 11 Philology Pedagogy Universities in Vietnam. The survey questions focused on a number of issues such as students' perceptions of informational texts and their role in learning and living, informational writing skills, and awareness of factors affecting informational writing skills, and teaching methods of informational writing skills. This study uses survey methods, analytical - synthesis methods, descriptive methods, etc. The survey results are the basis for us to design teaching methods of informational text writing effectively. At the same time, it is also the basis for us to propose changes in the curriculum for students of Philology Pedagogy, in which it is imperative to focus on testing, assessing writing competence in general, and informational text writing competence in particular.
Spanish is not different: On the universality of minimal structure and locality principles
Authors: Aguilar Miriam , Grillo Nino
Published: July 2021

A sensible assumption in psycholinguistics is that universal principles of optimal computation guide structural decisions made during sentence processing. This idea was questioned by the apparent cross-linguistic variation in Relative Clause attachment: a wealth of experimental results from the nineties showed that speakers of Spanish, among other languages, more readily converged towards the least optimal structural resolution (i.e. non-local attachment) challenging the universality of parsing principles of locality. A more recent development in this literature demonstrated that previous results were confounded by the availability of an additional parse, the so-called Pseudo-Relative, in the ill-behaved languages (Grillo 2012; Grillo & Costa 2014). Grillo and colleagues further suggested that the parser more readily disambiguates in favour of the Pseudo-Relative reading, when possible, because of its structural and interpretive simplicity in comparison to Relative Clauses and that non-local attachment is a direct consequence of this independent preference. We present novel results in support of this account from two offline forced-choice attachment questionnaires in Spanish. The results show that Pseudo-Relative availability significantly affects attachment preferences and that cross-linguistic variation in Relative Clause attachment is likely to be epiphenomenal and largely attributable to underlying grammatical differences.
Frequency of Different Pattern of Hair Loss in Pakistani Men Using BASP Classification
Authors: Nasreen S. , Malik T. , Memon H. S. , Izhar M. , Shah S. M. S. , Ali S.
Published: July 2021

Objective: To determine the frequency of different hair loss using BASP classification in Pakistani men. Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study. Setting: Study was conducted at Department of Dermatology, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi. Duration: Six months starting 6th August 2019 till 5th January 2020 Material and Methods: Total 157 diagnosed patients with hair loss who met the diagnostic criteria were included. Brief history was taken and demographic information was recorded after taking written informed consent. Male pattern of hair loss (MPHL) was checked and categorized using BASP classification. Data was analyzed by SPSS 24.0. Results: In this study out of 157 patients, mean and standard deviation of age and duration of hair loss were 33.14±12.49 years and 1.89± 0.44 years, respectively. The Pattern of hair loss distribution showed that 34 (21.7%) were L type, 66 (42%) were M type, 35 (22.3%) were C type, and 22 (14%) were U type patterned hair loss. Conclusion: Assessment of male pattern hair loss using BASP classification found that M type hair loss was more prevalent. Currently, there are effective medical and surgical treatments available for men. However, the knowledge of pattern of hair loss in our population would help in choosing suitable treatment plans. Keywords: Male Pattern hair loss, Androgenic alopecia and BASP classification
Chest X-Rays Findings in Patients Positive for COVID 19 at Sheikh Zayed Hospital Lahore
Authors: Sheikh A. Z. , Tariq Z. , Noor S. , Ambreen A. , Awan S. , Amjad M.
Published: July 2021

Aim: To assess the results of chest x ray radiographs of patients positive for Covid-19, presented at the tertiary care hospital according to the classification by the British Society of Thoracic Imaging (BSTI. Place and Duration: In COVID-19 Ward (Department of Medicine) Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore for three months duration from January 2021 to March 2021. Methods: A total of 96 patients were selected. In this observational study, positive COVID-19 patient determined by the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were enrolled for this study above the age of 14 years. CXR results were classified conferring to BSTI documentation and classification in terms of percentage and frequency. Results: Chest rays of 96 patients who tested positive for Covid-19 by RT-PCR over the age of 14 years were examined. Chest X-rays are classified according to the BSTI Covid-19 X-ray classification. Out of 96 patients, 10 patients (10.41%) had normal chest x-rays, 19 (19.80%) patients had classic bilateral, peripheral and basal consolidation / ground glass opacity (GMO), 60 (62.5%) had unspecified group,7(7.29%) patients have poor quality X-ray film. The unilateral involvement was noticed in 15 and bilateral in 49 patients, 12 of the patients had diffuse involvement on chest radiograph and peripheral involvement in 39 patients. According to regional dominance, 41 of the unspecified (42.70%) had middle and lower lung involvement, 7 (7.29%) had only the middle zone, and 8 (8.33%) had involvement of lower zone. Conclusions: In this study, Covid-19 chest X-rays are usually presented as ground glass opacity, mixed consolidation with GGOs in the middle and lower peripheral areas of the bilateral lung. Chest X-ray BSTI classification is used to classify Covid-19 severity in our patients, thus differentiating in the classic Covid-19 of the middle zone versus low zone involvement. Keywords: Consolidation, Covid, Ground Glass Opacity, Chest Image.
A Retrospective study on the advantage of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) as Walk- in Diagnostic Test in Patients with Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Samad A. , Fayyaz A. , Fayyaz N. , Akhtar N. , Shafique S. , Sajjid K.
Published: July 2021

Objective: To determine the etiologic spectrum of cervical lymphadenopathy using fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in a tertiary care setting. Methods: In the present retrospective study, we presented the data of 1773 patients who presented in Multan Medical and Dental College within 11 years from Jan-2007 to Dec-2018. In all patients, FNAC was performed using a 22-23-gauge needle by using a 10 ml syringe. After collection specimens were sent to the hospital laboratory, the collected samples were stained using Papanicolaou stain, the Field’sbstain, and ZiehlaNeelsen (ZN) stain and acid-fast bacilli (AFB) for determination of the pattern of cervical lymphadenopathy. Specimen analysis was done in a private diagnostic center. Results: Mean age of study participants was 37.8±9.7 years. There were 1012 (57.07%) male patients and 761 (42.93%) female patients. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 655 (36.9%) patients, metastasis in 349 (19.6%), reactive hyperplasia in 267 (15.0%), acute lymphadenitis in 193 (10.9%), lympho-proliferative lesions in 96 (5.4%), non-hodgkin lymphoma in 30 (1.69%), chronic infections in 18 (1.0%) and Hodgkin lymphoma in 11 (0.62%) patients. Conclusion: In the present study, cervical tuberculosis was the most common diagnosis found in 36.9% of cases, which present that tuberculosis is very common in our population. FNAC is easy and can be performed as a bedside procedure for the diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy. Keywords: Cervical lymphadenopathy, Fine needle aspiration cytology.