bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Has “the Belt and Road initiative” Improved the Pollution Level?
Authors: Zheng Jing
Published: June 2021

Based on the panel data of 278 prefecture-level cities in China from 2008 to 2018, this paper adopts DID method to verify the impact of “the Belt and Road initiative” on pollution level of these cities, the results are still robust through the placebo test and PSM-DID, the mechanism is also analyzed. The study found that “the Belt and Road initiative” has a significant effect on the emission of wastewater, waste gas and dust of cities in China; the mechanism test shows that “the Belt and Road initiative” has significantly reduced urban environmental pollution by promoting foreign investment, upgrading industrial structure and technological innovation.
Research on the asymmetric impact of EKOP model based on the concept of green development
Authors: Wang Jiawei
Published: June 2021

Green economy as a new development model, its development has risen to the national strategic level. And enterprises as the main body of economic activities should also keep pace with the times and take green development as their basic value orientation. Based on the EKOP model, this paper uses eight stocks in the A-share airline industry, selects three first-order indicators, namely human capital characteristics, board characteristics and equity structure characteristics, to represent corporate governance characteristics, and uses the probability of informed trading to represent the degree of information asymmetry, and studies the influence of corporate governance on information asymmetry. The aim is to explore the relevance of each factor asymmetry and use its findings to serve the development of the green economy model and promote the standardization of corporate governance.
Research on How to Integrate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education into Professional Education ---Based on Empirical Analysis of Administration Management Major in Six Colleges of Guangzhou
Authors: Ye Haiyan , Chen Qin , Chen Yaotang , Chen Yingzhi
Published: June 2021

The combination of innovation and entrepreneurship education with administrative management can improve professional innovation ability and development thinking of students, and improve the quality of talent training. Based on the empirical analysis of six colleges in Conghua, Guangzhou, this paper analyzed the current problems in the integration of innovation and entrepreneurship education and administrative management in universities. Combined with survey and interview data and materials, this paper studied the relationship between innovation and entrepreneurship education and administrative management from the perspectives of students and teachers, summarized and classified the integrated characteristics of the surveyed colleges. It also proposed a four-in-one “1+4” integration circle of “teacher-company-university-society”, which centered on students, so as to escort the practice and guarantee of the two systems, and promote the high integration of innovation and entrepreneurship education and management majors in colleges.
Research on the economic innovation of industrial design policy of “Design Promotion Center” of Taiwan Foreign Trade Association
Authors: Zhao Pingyuan , Zhang Xiujuan
Published: June 2021

since the 1990s, the industrial design activities of the design promotion center of Taiwan foreign trade association have made great achievements in the macro design policy formulation and micro level communication, and the cooperation between industrial enterprises and industrial design studios and designers. Based on Taiwan’s modern industrial manufacturing enterprises and the economic goal of economic structure transformation, these macro design industry development strategies and research work are effective. They have created a new era for Taiwan’s industrial design to be in line with international standards and upgrade in an all-round way after the 1990s, and played an important role in shaping the overall industrial brand effect of “Taiwan Design”.
Market failure and government failure in European debt crisis
Authors: Yan Jingwen , Cai Zhishan , Zhou Rui
Published: June 2021

This paper takes the “five European pig countries” in the European debt crisis as an example to analyze the event from the perspective of market failure and government failure. The main conclusions are as follows: the European debt crisis is the common product of market failure and government failure. Both sides should make great efforts to solve this problem. There is a long-term process to solve the European debt problem. Only by developing competitive industries and regaining international competitiveness is the effective way for euro zone countries to get rid of the predicament fundamentally.
Student Status Supervision in Ideological and Political Machine Teaching Based on Machine Learning
Authors: An Chang
Published: June 2021

Under the premise of active in the field of machine learning, this paper takes online teaching system of ideological and Political education as an example to study machine learning and machine teaching system. In order to specifically understand the current situation of the construction and application of machine teaching based on supervised teaching of ideological and political theory courses in local colleges and universities, this experiment first conducted a statistical analysis of the learning results of the surveyed classes in two semesters from March 2020 to December 2020. The experimental data show that there is a positive interaction between teachers and students. Most students use the interactive communication mode of machines, while a small number of students use real-time interactive discussions with teachers. The experimental results show that the excellent rate of ABC classes in the first semester is 80%, 82% and 90%, respectively, through the machine-supervised teaching mode. Therefore, supervised machine learning can greatly help students improve their academic performance. In the future, we should further explore the application of other personalized and extensible machine learning methods in quality education.
Analysis on the Development of New Chinese Costume Innovation Based on Popularization
Authors: Meng Xin , Xiao Ping
Published: June 2021

The rise of new Chinese costumes reflects national cultural confidence. In response to how to quickly develop a questionnaire in the new Chinese costume market, it is designed and innovative through the public’s data analysis of new Chinese costumes, color, fabrics, and patterns, through the innovation, color innovation, fabric innovation of new Chinese costumes. The newness of the texture innovation promotes its development and analyzes the development of good apparel brand marketing strategies. Combined with the advantages of integration innovation and development, broaden the new Chinese costume market, and in the development of the new Chinese costume market, inherit the traditional Chinese tradition culture.
Interaction Design Research Of Suitable For Student Travel APP
Authors: Liu Wen Ming , Zhang Pei Lei
Published: June 2021

In recent years, with the use of mobile phone APPs, more and more people like to use tourism APPs when traveling, and the tourism industry also enters a new era of wireless tourism. College students are a huge tourist group. This paper will summarize an APP suitable for students’ tourism through the analysis of tourism APPs and tourist groups. This APP will make travel plans based on the student’s time, including travel time, travel residence, travel strategy, travel expenses, tour groups, etc. It also includes working with schools and local police to keep students safe. There should be such an APP for student travel to make it convenient for students to travel, enrich their university experience, and make student travel safer and more convenient.
Construction of the Performance Evaluation System of State-owned Capital Investment Company
Authors: Xiao Hanxiong , Liao Jianhui , Lin Xiaobin
Published: June 2021

The functional differences between state-owned capital investment companies and production-oriented state-owned enterprises determine the need to reconstruct the performance evaluation system of state-owned capital specialized operation. Based on the goal of specialized operation of state-owned capital, this paper puts forward the ideas and principles of selecting performance indicators, and constructs the evaluation index system.
Study on the causes and preventive measures of rural credit unions’ departure from farming
Authors: Han Xiaoyang , Yang Shuaiyin
Published: June 2021

Over the years, rural credit unions have always played an important role in serving the “three rural areas” and have played a good role as the main force in “supporting the micro and helping the farmers”. However, in recent years, the profit-seeking nature of rural credit unions and the development constraints of the “three rural issues” have made the tendency of rural credit unions to leave agriculture and commercialization more and more obvious, and credit funds are increasingly flowing from rural areas, farmers and agriculture to cities, enterprises and other industries, which greatly reduces the effect of supporting agriculture. This not only promotes the emergence of rural financial exclusion, but also weakens the function of rural credit unions to serve and support the economy of the “three rural areas”, which ultimately restricts the economic development of the “three rural areas”. This paper briefly analyzes the characteristics, effects, causes and preventive measures of rural credit union’s departure from agriculture, starting from the performance of rural credit union’s departure from agriculture.
Research on Xi Jinping’s Important Exposition on Information Technology Education
Authors: He Hua
Published: June 2021

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping has made important instructions and discussions on information technology education on many occasions, and formed a systematic thoughts on information technology education. Xi Jinping’s exposition on information technology education includes information technology education must adhere to marxism as a guide, pay more attention to the education of children and adolescents, adhere to the fundamental direction of khalid ents, enhance the level of teachers’ modern education and deepening the reform of modern information technology education, quicken the development of vocational education, create a good classroom teaching with modern information technology, uphold the Party’s overall leadership over information technology and education, create a new landscape of cyber security, and build a community of shared future in cyberspace. This paper adopts the method of literature research, through studing a series of important expositions of Xi Jinping on information technology education, it can not only provide important reference for the reform and innovation of information technology education, but also provide important guidance for the correct direction of information technology education.
Research on Behavior Prediction Based on Deep Learning – Take Chengdu Economic Innovation Enterprise as an Example
Authors: Jia Yuan
Published: June 2021

As the company’s workforce continues to expand, finding key features related to employee performance, quickly identifying high-potential employees, and predicting a rise in turnover are hot spots for research. This paper first analyzes the key characteristics of dataset performance and applies deep learning to identify high-potential employees and predicts the rise of separation. Compared with traditional machine learning methods, it can be seen that deep learning applications have a greater improvement. The aim is to provide a new idea for the intersection of human resources and computer AI. In the preparation of this article, a large number of companies’ desensitized employee data were collected in the real industry, including job, performance, education, and data communication between employees. Firstly, an interactive network-based employee topology map was established. According to the large amount of data collected from the real industry, the key characteristics of employee performance were analyzed, and a series of models were compared to traditional machine learning methods and deep learning calculation indicators, including accuracy, AUC and other indicators.
Evolutionary game analysis of Chinese cross border logistics enterprises adopting blockchain technology in supply chain
Authors: Liu KunYang , Zhang Yong
Published: June 2021

Blockchain technology is considered to be the representative technology of the fourth technological revolution, and logistics and supply chain field has been considered as the main application direction in the next step by industry and academia. In order to study the behavior and intention of Chinese cross-border logistics enterprises to introduce blockchain into internal supply chain, this paper constructs a model of cross-border logistics enterprises adopting blockchain technology on the basis of bounded rationality based on the game model, this paper attempts to find out the factors that affect the introduction of blockchain into the internal supply chain through mathematical derivation and numerical analysis. The game results show that the willingness of cross-border logistics enterprises to adopt blockchain is closely related to the technical ability of blockchain, the incremental performance after the introduction of blockchain, the conversion cost of blockchain technology, and other factors. Enterprises should coordinate various factors and choose to adopt blockchain technology according to their own situation.
On the computational cost of the set cover approach for the optimal camera placement problem and possible set-cover-inspired trade-offs for surveillance infrastructure design
Authors: Kritter Julien , Brévilliers Mathieu , Lepagnot Julien , Idoumghar Lhassane
Published: June 2021

The 𝒩𝒫-hard minimum set cover problem (SCP) is a very typical model to use when attempting to formalise optimal camera placement (OCP) applications. In a generic form, the OCP problem relates to the positioning of individual cameras such that the overall network is able to cover a given area while meeting a set of application-specific requirements (image quality, redundancy, ...) and optimising an objective, typically minimum cost or maximum coverage. In this paper, we focus on an application called global or persistent surveillance: camera networks which ensure full coverage of a given area. As preliminary work, an instance generation pipeline is proposed to create OCP instances from real-world data and solve them using existing literature. The computational cost of both the instance generation process and the solving algorithms however highlights a need for more efficient methods for decision makers to use in real-world settings. In this paper, we therefore propose to review the suitability of the approach, and more specifically to question two key elements: the impact of sampling frequencies and the importance of rigid full-coverage constraints. The results allow us to quickly provide decision makers with an overview of available solutions and trade-offs.
Interdisziplinäre Behandlung der Non-Cystic-Fibrosis-Bronchiektasie – State of the Art
Authors: Mertsch Pontus , Merhej Hayan , Zardo Patrick
Published: June 2021

Zusamenfassung

Bronchiektasien, die nicht durch eine Zystische Fibrose bedingt sind, sind eine ätiologisch äußerst heterogene Erkrankung. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Ursachen, das diagnostische Vorgehen und die therapeutischen Optionen bei dieser nicht seltenen Lungenerkrankung.
Preoperative perihilar cholangiocarcinoma assessment using virtual endoscopic imaging magnetic resonance cholangioscopy
Authors: Okuno Mitsuru , Mukai Tsuyoshi , Iwata Shota , Tezuka Ryuichi , Mita Naoya , Uemura Shinya , Iwashita Takuji , Maruta Akinori , Iwata Keisuke , Tomita Eiichi , Shimizu Masahito
Published: June 2021

Background and study aims Preoperative assessment of the superficial ductal spread (SDS) of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PCCA) is important for determining its resectability. A virtual endoscopic imaging method, magnetic resonance cholangioscopy (MRCS), wherein a three-dimensional image is created from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, can evaluate all aspects of arbitrary bile ducts.

Patients and methods Overall, 15 patients with PCCA who underwent preoperative MRI were enrolled. All patients underwent surgical treatment.

Results MRCS could be performed based on preoperative MRI data in all patients. MRCS could not be used in one patient due to debris in the obstructed bile duct. The remaining 14 patients (93 %) were diagnosed with obstructed bile duct or irregular surface of the bile duct, signifying tumor invasion. The accuracy rate of diagnosing the SDS was 93 % (14/15). Seven patients underwent preoperative peroral cholangioscopy; the scope could not pass through the tumor in three patients. In these three patients, MRCS was able to be use dtoevaluate the obstructed side of the bile duct and faciliated accurate diagnosis of SDS.

Conclusions MRCS can be used to noninvasively evaluate the bile duct in all directions. This novel method makes it easy to create virtual images and can be useful for diagnosing the preoperative SDS of PCCA.
Ayurveda und Yoga in der Behandlung von Erkrankungen des Lymphsystems
Authors: Gupta Hedwig H.
Published: June 2021

Im Ayurveda werden sieben Grundgewebearten beschrieben. Die Lymphe wird als zu rasa – den klaren Flüssigkeiten im Körper – gezählt. rasa wird aus ayurvedischer Vorstellung direkt aus der Ernährung gebildet. Erkrankungen der Lymphe sind als Störungen der Qualität, der Menge oder des Transports klassifiziert. Hier setzt die ayurvedische Therapie an. Sie besteht aus Vermeidung der verursachenden Faktoren, stoffwechselstabilisierenden Maßnahmen, Ernährungstherapie, Verhaltensempfehlungen, Yoga-, Phyto- sowie ausleitender Therapie.

Ein Patientinnenfall aus der Praxis der Autorin zeigt exemplarisch das Vorgehen bei einem kombinierten Lipolymphödem: Die Ursachen (familiäre Neigung zu Lipolymphödem, Verschlechterung in der Schwangerschaft) konnten in diesem Fall z.T. nicht verändert werden. Mit Ernährungsberatung, Yogatherapie, Tagesroutinen und Phytotherapie ließen sich die Beschwerden der Patientin jedoch deutlich bessern.
Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) vs pneumatic dilation (PD) in treatment of achalasia: A meta-analysis of studies with ≥ 12-month follow-up
Authors: Ofosu Andrew , Mohan Babu P. , Ichkhanian Yervant , Masadeh Maen , Febin John , Barakat Mohamed , Ramai Daryl , Chandan Saurabh , Haiyeva Gulara , Khan Shahab R. , Aghaie Meybodi Mohamad , Facciorusso Antonio , Repici Alessandro , Wani Sachin , Thosani Nirav , Khashab Mouen A.
Published: June 2021

Background and study aims Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is increasingly being used as the preferred treatment option for achalasia. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of POEM versus pneumatic balloon dilation (PD).

Methods We performed a comprehensive review of studies that reported clinical outcomes of POEM and PD for the treatment of achalasia. Measured outcomes included clinical success (improvement of symptoms based on a validated scale including an Eckardt score ≤ 3), adverse events, and post-treatment gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Results Sixty-six studies (6268 patients) were included in the final analysis, of which 29 studies (2919 patients) reported on POEM and 33 studies (3050 patients) reported on PD and 4 studies (299 patients) compared POEM versus PD. Clinical success with POEM was superior to PD at 12, 24, and 36 months (92.9 %, vs 76.9 % P = 0.001; 90.6 % vs 74.8 %, P = 0.004; 88.4 % vs 72.2 %, P = 0.006, respectively). POEM was superior to PD in type I, II and III achalasia (92.7 % vs 61 %, P = 0.01; 92.3 % vs 80.3 %, P = 0.01; 92.3 %v 41.9 %, P = 0.01 respectively)

Pooled OR of clinical success at 12 and 24 months were significantly higher with POEM (8.97; P = 0.001 & 5.64; P = 0.006). Pooled OR of GERD was significantly higher with POEM (by symptoms: 2.95, P = 0.02 and by endoscopic findings: 6.98, P = 0.001). Rates of esophageal perforation (0.3 % vs 0.6 %, P = 0.8) and significant bleeding (0.4 % vs 0.7 %, P = 0.56) were comparable between POEM and PD groups.

Conclusions POEM is more efficacious than PD in the treatment of patients with achalasia during short-term and long-term follow-up, albeit with higher risk of abnormal esophageal acid exposure.
Update Breast Cancer 2021 Part 3 – Current Developments in the Treatment of Early Breast Cancer: Review and Assessment of Specialised Treatment Scenarios by an International Expert Panel
Authors: Fehm Tanja N. , Stickeler Elmar , Fasching Peter A. , Janni Wolfgang , Kolberg-Liedtke Cornelia , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Lüftner Diana , Müller Volkmar , Schütz Florian , Thomssen Christoph , Belleville Erik , Behrens Annika , Bader Simon , Untch Michael , Welslau Manfred , Würstlein Rachel , Thill Marc , Krug David , Hartkopf Andreas D.
Published: June 2021

The continuous availability of findings from new studies repeatedly results in updated treatment recommendations and guidelines. In the case of breast carcinoma in particular, several studies have been published in the last few years that have transformed how early and advanced breast carcinoma is being treated. However, this by no means means implies that there is agreement among all experts on specific issues. It is precisely the diversity of interpretation of guidelines and study findings that reflects the constantly changing available data and its complexity, as well as the availability of new drugs. In recent years, new substances such as pertuzumab, T-DM1, neratinib and capecitabine have become available to treat patients with early stages of breast carcinoma. Furthermore, the first results on the use of CDK4/6 inhibitors for adjuvant treatment have now been published. Last but not least, the use of multigene tests to avoid the necessity of chemotherapy in certain
patients is still under discussion. This review summarises the state of the data and publishes the results of the survey completed by experts at the 2021 St. Gallen Breast Cancer Conference on early-stage breast cancer.
Primary Hyperparathyroidism Masquerading as Acute
Pancreatitis
Authors: Arora Saurabh , Singh Parminder , Verma Rohit , Mittal Naveen , Sood Ajit , Kalra Sanjay , Shanthaiah Dhananjaya
Published: June 2021

Acute pancreatitis as an initial manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism
(PHPT) is a rare occurrence and timely diagnosis of PHPT is crucial in
preventing repeat attack of pancreatitis. The study aimed at evaluating the
clinico-radiological profile of patients admitted with acute pancreatitis as the
index presentation of PHPT and to determine the factors associated with
development of severe pancreatitis. This series included retrospective analysis
of medical records of 30 patients admitted with acute pancreatitis as initial
manifestation of PHPT. Additionally, we analyzed the data of another 30 patients
admitted with PHPT but without any evidence of pancreatitis, to serve as control
group. The mean age of the subjects was 44.9±13.9 years with male to
female ratio of 1.30. The mean serum calcium level was 12.24±2.79
mg/dl and five (16.6%) patients had normocalcemia at time of
presentation. Presence of nephrolithiasis was significantly associated with
severe pancreatitis. One patient had refractory hypercalcemia associated with
renal failure and was successfully managed with denosumab. Patients with PHPT
associated with acute pancreatitis had significantly higher calcium levels and
lower frequency of skeletal involvement as compared to PHPT patients without
pancreatitis. PHPT masquerading as acute pancreatitis is rare and high index of
suspicion is required to diagnose this condition especially in the presence of
normocalcemia at presentation. Patients with PHPT associated pancreatitis had
male preponderance, higher calcium levels, and lower frequency of skeletal
involvement as compared to PHPT patients without pancreatitis.
Using reproductive technologies to assess the development of secondary sexual characteristics, ovarian senescence and hermaphroditism in the endangered mountain yellow-legged frog
Authors: Jacobs Leah E. , Hammond Talisin T. , Gaffney Patricia M. , Curtis Michelle J. , Shier Debra M. , Durrant Barbara S. , Righton Alison , Williams Candace L. , Calatayud Natalie E.
Published: June 2021

Anurans can display a host of intriguing sexual syndromes, including hermaphroditism and sex reversal. Using a multifaceted approach for diagnosing and characterising hermaphroditism in the endangered anuran species Rana mucosa, we tracked changes in female reproductive status using hormone monitoring, ultrasound examinations, individual life history, fertilisation records and post-mortem findings. Seven individuals originally sexed as females developed secondary male sexual characteristics, behaviour and hormone profiles and, in some cases, had testicular tissue despite having previously laid eggs. Our results suggest that reproductive technologies can shed light on life history patterns and reproductive anomalies that may affect endangered anuran survival.
The effect of moisture content and thermal behaviour on the ignition of
Authors: Ramadhan Mohamad L. , Carrascal Jeronimo , Osorio Andres , Hidalgo Juan P.
Published: June 2021

Fuel moisture content is one of the key parameters controlling the flaming ignition of wildland fuel. However, the role of fuel moisture content in assessing the flammability of different fuel curing (dead and live fuel) is still not well understood. This paper presents the results of ignition tests of fuel beds consisting of dead and live Eucalyptus saligna leaves under a wide range of moisture contents. External heat flux and fuel moisture content are shown to significantly influence time to ignition and mass loss rate at the ignition of Eucalyptus saligna leaves, thus illustrating distinctive heating processes in the fuel bed. The thermal behaviour of the leaf bed before ignition is analysed using the analytical solution to the heat conduction equation, as the classical ignition correlations yield inconclusive results. This approach allows identification of thermally thick and thin behaviours for distinct ranges of heating, with the transition (thermally intermediate) region observed at higher external heat fluxes for higher moisture content. Additionally, a flammability assessment based on time to ignition confirms the inadequacy of the common assumption that live fuel can be considered as moist dead fuel.
Recognition of intersensory relationships based on duration in infants four, seven and 10 months old (Reconocimiento de relaciones intersensoriales basadas en la duración en bebés de cuatro, siete y 10 meses)
Authors: Martínez Mauricio , Español Silvia , Igoa José-Manuel
Published: June 2021

Since birth, infants develop the ability to perceive a wide range of intersensory relations among various kinds of amodal temporal information. This study addresses the development of the ability to perceive duration-based intersensory relations. Three groups of infants, four, seven and 10 months old, participated in two trials of an intersensory 5preference task that used two audiovisual stimuli showing a woman executing two performances — with characteristics similar to the way adults interact with infants — consisting of sequences of sound-movement/silence-stillness of varying durations. The results show that infants at all three ages recognize the duration-based intersensory relation; however, recognition is expressed in different ways at each age according to the trial and the number of eye fixations recorded. These results are discussed in terms of the development of the ability to recognize duration-based intersensory relations and its relationship to between-subjects development.
C9N4 as excellent dual electrocatalyst: A first principles study*
Authors: Xu Wei , Xu WenWu , Duan Xiangmei
Published: June 2021

We perform first principles calculations to investigate the catalytic behavior of C9N4 nanosheet for water splitting. For the pristine C9N4, we find that, at different hydrogen coverages, two H atoms adsorbed on the 12-membered ring and one H atom adsorbed on the 9-membered ring show excellent performance of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Tensile strain could improve the catalytic ability of C9N4 and strain can be practically introduced by building C9N4/BiN, and C9N4/GaAs heterojunctions. We demonstrate that the HER performance of heterojunctions is indeed improved compared with that of C9N4 nanosheet. Anchoring transition metal atoms on C9N4 is another strategy to apply strain. It shows that Rh@C9N4 exhibits superior HER property with very low Gibbs free energy change of –30 meV. Under tensile strain within ∼2%, Rh@C9N4 could catalyze HER readily. Moreover, the catalyst Rh@C9N4 works well for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with an overpotential of 0.58 V. Our results suggest that Rh@C9N4 is favorable for both HER and OER because of its metallic conductivity, close-zero Gibbs free energy change, and low oneset overpotential. The outstanding performance of C9N4 nanosheet could be attributed to the tunable porous structure and electronic structure compatibility.
Cluster dynamics modeling of niobium and titanium carbide precipitates in α-Fe and γ-Fe
Authors: Korepanova Nadezda , Gu Long , Dima Mihai , Xu Hushan
Published: June 2021

Kinetic behaviors of niobium and titanium carbide precipitates in iron are simulated with cluster dynamics. The simulations, carried out in austenite and ferrite for niobium carbides, and in austenite for titanium carbide, are analyzed for dependences on temperature, solute concentration, and initial cluster distribution. The results are presented for different temperatures and solute concentrations, compared to experimental data available. They show little impact of initial cluster distribution beyond a certain relaxation time and that highly dilute alloys with monomers only present a significantly different behavior from denser alloys or ones with different initial cluster distributions.
Strain drived band aligment transition of the ferromagnetic VS2/C3N van derWaals heterostructure*
Authors: Shang Jimin , Qiao Shuai , Fang Jingzhi , Wen Hongyu , Wei Zhongming
Published: June 2021

Exploring two-dimensional (2D) magnetic heterostructures is essential for future spintronic and optoelectronic devices. Herein, using first-principle calculations, stable ferromagnetic ordering and colorful electronic properties are established by constructing the VS2/C3N van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure. Unlike the semiconductive properties with indirect band gaps in both the VS2 and C3N monolayers, our results indicate that a direct band gap with type-II band alignment and p-doping characters are realized in the spin-up channel of the VS2/C3N heterostructure, and a typical type-III band alignment with a broken-gap in the spin-down channel. Furthermore, the band alignments in the two spin channels can be effectively tuned by applying tensile strain. An interchangement between the type-II and type-III band alignments occurs in the two spin channels, as the tensile strain increases to 4%. The attractive magnetic properties and the unique band alignments could be useful for prospective applications in the next-generation tunneling devices and spintronic devices.
Terahertz generation and detection of LT-GaAs thin film photoconductive antennas excited by lasers of different wavelengths
Authors: Liu Xin , Meng Qing-Hao , Ding Jing , Bai Zhi-Chen , Wang Jia-Hui , Zhang Cong , Su Bo , Zhang Cun-Lin
Published: June 2021

A new method of generating and detecting terahertz waves is proposed. Low-temperature-grown gallium arsenide (LT-GaAs) thin films are prepared by etching a sacrificial layer (AlAs) in a four-layer epitaxial structure constituted with LT-GaAs, AlAs, GaAs, and semi-insulating gallium arsenide (SI-GaAs). The thin films are then transferred to clean silicon for fabricating the LT-GaAs thin film antennas. The quality and transmission characteristics of the films are analyzed by an 800-nm asynchronous ultrafast time domain spectroscopy system, and the degree of bonding between the film and silicon wafer is determined. Two LT-GaAs thin film antennas for generating and detecting the terahertz waves are tested with a 1550-nm femtosecond laser. The terahertz signal is successfully detected, proving the feasibility of this home-made LT-GaAs photoconductive antennas. This work lays a foundation for studying the mechanism of terahertz wave generation in GaAs photoconductive antennas below the semiconductor band gap.
Magnetic and electronic properties of two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks TM3(C2NH)12
*
Authors: Feng Zhen , Li Yi , Ma Yaqiang , An Yipeng , Dai Xianqi
Published: June 2021

The ferromagnetism of two-dimensional (2D) materials has aroused great interest in recent years, which may play an important role in the next-generation magnetic devices. Herein, a series of 2D transition metal-organic framework materials (TM-NH MOF, TM = Sc–Zn) are designed, and their electronic and magnetic characters are systematically studied by means of first-principles calculations. Their structural stabilities are examined through binding energies and ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations. Their optimized lattice constants are correlated to the central TM atoms. These 2D TM-NH MOF nanosheets exhibit various electronic and magnetic performances owing to the effective charge transfer and interaction between TM atoms and graphene linkers. Interestingly, Ni- and Zn-NH MOFs are nonmagnetic semiconductors (SM) with band gaps of 0.41 eV and 0.61 eV, respectively. Co- and Cu-NH MOFs are bipolar magnetic semiconductors (BMS), while Fe-NH MOF monolayer is a half-semiconductor (HSM). Furthermore, the elastic strain could tune their magnetic behaviors and transformation, which ascribes to the charge redistribution of TM-3d states. This work predicts several new 2D magnetic MOF materials, which are promising for applications in spintronics and nanoelectronics.
Measurement of the bulk radioactive contamination of detector-grade silicon with DAMIC at SNOLAB
Authors: Aguilar-Arevalo A. , Amidei D. , Baxter D. , Cancelo G. , Cervantes Vergara B.A. , Chavarria A.E. , Darragh-Ford E. , D'Olivo J.C. , Estrada J. , Favela-Perez F. , Gaïor R. , Guardincerri Y. , Hossbach T.W. , Kilminster B. , Lawson I. , Lee S.J. , Letessier-Selvon A. , Matalon A. , Mitra P. , Piers A. , Privitera P. , Ramanathan K. , Da Rocha J. , Sarkis Y. , Settimo M. , Smida R. , Thomas R. , Tiffenberg J. , Traina M. , Vilar R. , Virto A.L.
Published: June 2021

We present measurements of bulk radiocontaminants in the high-resistivity silicon CCDs from the DAMIC experiment at SNOLAB. We utilize the exquisite spatial resolution of CCDs to discriminate between α and β decays, and to search with high efficiency for the spatially-correlated decays of various radioisotope sequences. Using spatially-correlated β decays, we measure a bulk radioactive contamination of 32Si in the CCDs of 140 ± 30 μBq/kg, and place an upper limit on bulk 210Pb of < 160 μBq/kg. Using similar analyses of spatially-correlated α and β decays, we set upper limits of < 11 μBq/kg (0.9 ppt) on 238U and < 7.3 μBq/kg (1.8 ppt) on 232Th in the bulk silicon. The ability of DAMIC CCDs to identify and reject spatially-coincident backgrounds, particularly from 32Si, has significant implications for the next generation of silicon-based dark matter experiments, where β's from 32Si decay will likely be a dominant background.
Emergence of oscillons in kink-impurity interactions
Authors: Lizunova Mariya , Kager Jasper , de Lange Stan , van Wezel Jasper
Published: June 2021

The (1 + 1)-dimensional classical φ
4 theory contains stable, topological excitations in the form of solitary waves or kinks, as well as a non-topological one, such as the oscillon. Both are used in effective descriptions of excitations throughout myriad fields of physics. The oscillon is well-known to be a coherent, particle-like structure when introduced as an ansatz in the φ
4 theory. Here, we show that oscillons also arise naturally in the dynamics of the theory, in particular as the result of kink–antikink collisions in the presence of an impurity. We show that in addition to the scattering of kinks and the formation of a breather, both bound oscillon pairs and propagating oscillons may emerge from the collision. We discuss their resonances and critical velocity as a function of impurity strength and highlight the role played by the impurity in the scattering process.
Reproductive Performance of Java Barb (Punctius javanicus) Injected sGNRH and Domperidone of Different Dosage
Authors: Yuniarti T , Basuki F , Hastuti S , Nugroho R A , Marantika S
Published: June 2021

Java barb (P. javanicus) is freshwater fish frequently found in Java and Sumatra waters of Indonesia. Java Barb has a seasonal spawning cycle. Accordingly, the production of java barb seeds is limited by season. Therefore, it is necessary to research on hormonal manipulating systems of reproduction to needs of seeds. This study aimed to determine the effect of sGnRH and domperindone on Java barb reproductive performance. There were 12 female and 12 male java barb broodstock, with 400-500 grams and 300-400 grams bodyweight respectively. The broodstock used on third stage of gonadal maturation. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replicates. Mixture of GnRH and domperidone was injected intramuscularly. The dosage treatments used were dosage A (control), treatment B (0.3 ml/kg), treatment C (0.4 ml/kg) and treatment D (0.5 ml/kg). The data gathered included latency period, fertilization rate (FR), hatching rate (HR), survival rate (SR) and water quality. The results showed that the injection of sGnRH and domperidone produced different latency periods, significantly affected (P <0.05) fertilization rate (FR) and hatching rate (HR), but had no significant effect on survival (SR). The best results were obtained at treatment. B and treatment C with 0.3 ml/kg and 0,4 ml/kg dosage resulting in 9-12 hours latency period, 80,50±5,57 to 84.33 ± 5.51% of Fertilization Rate (FR), 68,83±6,81 to 71.17 ± 5.35% Hatching Rate (HR) and 53,85±2,35 to 60.69 ± 10.66% of Survival Rate (SR).
The Integration of Regional Spatial Planning (RTRW) and Coastal Spatial Planning (RZWP3K) for The Sustainable Coastal Area Development
Authors: Darmawan M , Sutrisno D , Dewi C , Setiyawan I E
Published: June 2021

The disharmony between land and marine spatial planning is threatening the planning of sustainable coastal development. In Indonesia, land spatial planning has firstly been implemented, followed by the spatial zonation of coastal waters. Therefore, to achieve sustainable coastal zone management, the harmonization between the regional spatial plan or RTRW with the zoning plan for coastal waters and small islands or RZWP3K is urgently needed. This paper aims to examine the spatial problems in the process of integrating these two spatial plans. Using the spatial review method, the stages of study consist of forming the seamless spatial planning maps of 8 provincial regions in Indonesia that have stipulated the second regional regulation on spatial planning regimes and then integrated them with the coastal waters spatial planning zonation map (rzwp3k). The findings show the potential conflict in some areas, especially in protected areas with cultivation and public use, and between the cultivation areas, fisheries, and industries. Other findings are on the technical aspect, which shows the differences in the coastal area due to the use of two different coastlines and base maps. Regarding substance, there are differences in the content of the framework of the RTRW and RZWP3K mandates in regional regulation.
Fuel cell electric vehicles: A review of current power electronic converters Topologies and technical challenges
Authors: Baba Mariem Ahmed , Labbadi Moussa , Cherkaoui Mohamed , Maaroufi Mohammed
Published: June 2021

This paper proposes a brief review to study the implementation of fuel cells and management energy in hybrid vehicles. The use of fuel cells (FC) in the automotive field has been growing steadily over the last decades thanks to their simple operation, quiet running, and high efficiency. In addition, fuel cell vehicles have great advantages over electrified vehicles powered by secondary batteries in terms of mileage endurance, energy efficiency, charging speed and climate tolerance. In this paper, the classification and a brief introduction of HEVs/FCs are reviewed, then topologies of fuel cell HEVs are presented that illustrate the hybrid vehicle system of the different FC architectures. Finally, a discussion of control strategies for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is implemented with the clarification of future prospects for HEVs.
ECCO Topical Review: Refractory Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Raine Tim , Verstockt Bram , Kopylov Uri , Karmiris Konstantinos , Goldberg Rimma , Atreya Raja , Burisch Johan , Burke John , Ellul Pierre , Hedin Charlotte , Holubar Stefan D , Katsanos Konstantinos , Lobaton Triana , Schmidt Carsten , Cullen Garret
Published: June 2021

Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic disease with variable degrees of extent, severity, and activity. A proportion of patients will have disease that is refractory to licensed therapies, resulting in significant impairment in quality of life. The treatment of these patients involves a systematic approach by the entire multidisciplinary team, with particular consideration given to medical options including unlicensed therapies, surgical interventions, and dietetic and psychological support. The purpose of this review is to guide clinicians through this process and provide an accurate summary of the available evidence for different strategies.
Inoculative Releases and Natural Spread of the Fungal PathogenEntomophaga maimaiga(Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) into U.S. Populations of Gypsy Moth,Lymantria dispar(Lepidoptera: Erebidae)
Authors: Hajek Ann E , Diss-Torrance Andrea L , Siegert Nathan W , Liebhold Andrew M
Published: June 2021

While emphasis with entomopathogens has often been on inundative releases, we describe here historic widespread inoculative releases of a fungal entomopathogen. Several U.S. states and municipalities conducted inoculative releases of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), pathogen Entomophaga maimaiga Humber, Shimazu et Soper (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) after 1993, as gypsy moth populations spread into the Midwest and North Carolina. This Japanese pathogen first caused epizootics in northeastern North America in 1989 and methods for its inoculative release were tested and proven to be effective from 1991 to 1993. After 1993, spores in soil or in late instar cadavers were collected during or after epizootics and were released inoculatively into newly established populations of this spreading invasive; the goal was that spores would overwinter and germinate the next spring to infect larvae, thus speeding pathogen spread and hastening the development of epizootics in newly established populations. The fungus was released in gypsy moth populations that were separated from areas where the fungus was already established. In particular, extensive releases by natural resource managers in Wisconsin and Michigan aided the spread of E. maimaiga throughout these states. Where it has become established, this acute pathogen has become the dominant natural enemy and has exerted considerable influence in reducing gypsy moth damage. While this pathogen most likely would have invaded these new regions eventually, releases accelerated the spread of E. maimaiga and helped to reduce impacts of initial outbreaks, while further outbreaks were reduced by the pathogen’s subsequent persistence and activity in those areas.
How Can We Fully Realize the Potential of Mathematical and Biological Models to Reintegrate Biology?
Authors: Dornhaus Anna , Smith Brian , Hristova Kalina , Buckley Lauren B
Published: June 2021

Synopsis

Both mathematical models and biological model systems stand as tractable representations of complex biological systems or behaviors. They facilitate research and provide insights, and they can describe general rules. Models that represent biological processes or formalize general hypotheses are essential to any broad understanding. Mathematical or biological models necessarily omit details of the natural systems and thus may ultimately be “incorrect” representations. A key challenge is that tractability requires relatively simple models but simplification can result in models that are incorrect in their qualitative, broad implications if the abstracted details matter. Our paper discusses this tension, and how we can improve our inferences from models. We advocate for further efforts dedicated to model development, improvement, and acceptance by the scientific community, all of which may necessitate a more explicit discussion of the purpose and power of models. We argue that models should play a central role in reintegrating biology as a way to test our integrated understanding of how molecules, cells, organs, organisms, populations, and ecosystems function.
Compositional Similarities that Link the Eyes and Skin of Cephalopods: Implications in Optical Sensing and Signaling during Camouflage
Authors: Deravi Leila F
Published: June 2021

Synopsis

Cephalopods, including squid, octopus, and cuttlefish, can rapidly camouflage in different underwater environments by employing multiple optical effects including light scattering, absorption, reflection, and refraction. They can do so with exquisite control and within a fraction of a second—two features that indicate distributed, intra-dermal sensory, and signaling components. However, the fundamental biochemical, electrical, and mechanical controls that regulate color and color change, from discrete elements to interconnected modules, are still not fully understood despite decades of research in this space. This perspective highlights key advancements in the biochemical analysis of cephalopod skin and discusses compositional connections between cephalopod ocular lenses and skin with features that may also facilitate signal transduction during camouflage.
Continuity of Monge–Ampère Potentials in Big Cohomology Classes
Authors: Dang Quang-Tuan
Published: June 2021

Extending Di Nezza–Lu’s approach [16] to the setting of big cohomology classes, we prove that solutions of degenerate complex Monge–Ampère equations on compact Kähler manifolds are continuous on a Zariski open set. This allows us to show that singular Kähler–Einstein metrics on log canonical varieties of general type have continuous potentials on the ample locus outside of the non-klt part.