bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ISLAMIC ISLAMIC EDUCATION TEACHER'S EFFORTS IN PLANTING THE HONEST ATTITUDE OF INTEGRATED ISLAMIC VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS RABBI RADHIYYAH CAWANG BARU
Authors: - Siswanto , - Asori
Published: January 2021

This research is motivated by the number of cheating behaviors in teaching and learningactivities including in making homework assignments, daily assessments, and semesterassessments. Thus a teacher must have efforts or ways to anticipate fraud committedby his students. Because in terms of religion reflects bad character. For this reason RRCawang Baru IT Vocational School needs to instill an honest attitude to its students, byinstilling or correcting honesty with students from now on, we will improve the honestyof the nation in the future. This study aims to find out: 1) What is the effort of Islamicreligious education teachers in instilling honesty in the learning process in Cawang BaruRR IT Vocational School? 2) What are the efforts of Islamic religious education teachers ininstilling honesty outside the learning process in Cawang Baru RR IT Vocational School?3) What are the inhibiting factors in planting honest attitudes of students in CawangBaru RR IT Vocational School ?. The study aims to see how far the teacher instills honestattitudes of students inside and outside the learning process and the inhibiting factors ofplanting honest attitudes in the subjects of Islamic Education in the Cawang Baru RRVocational School, so that fraud can be overcome, and to achieve the purpose above, usedqualitative research methods with descriptive qualitative approaches, data collectiontechniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. Data is analyzed, byreducing data, describing data and drawing conclusions. The results of the research thathave been investigated are that the planting of honest attitudes through the subjects ofIslamic Religious Education at Cawang Baru RR Vocational High School is as follows.The results of the first formulation are that the teacher instills honest attitudes by usingspies in the class that are trusted, and honesty can be justified, and by training studentsto fast Monday Thursday. Then the method of lecture, discussion, advice, stories andexamples and the results of their achievements from planting honest attitudes studentscan accept and practice the honest attitude that has been given by the teacher. In the thirdformulation of the problem is the inhibiting factor, they are not able to check studentsat all times, because of their limitations, because they are still one day not yet boardingschool so it is difficult for them to monitor the honesty of students when not in school andalso aspects of the student's environment itself starting from the aspect of his friend.
PANDANGAN ABDULLAH NASHIH ULWAN TENTANG AKTUALISASI PENDIDIKAN ETIKA DAN KETELADANAN GURU SEBAGAI PENDIDIK YANG BERKARAKTER DALAM TARBIYAH AL-AULĀD FI AL-ISLĀM
Authors: Kamal Faisal , Ma'rufah Umul
Published: January 2021

Pendidikan etika dalam terminologi pendidikan Islam disebut dengan pendidikan akhlak. Tujuan daripada pendidikan akhlak adalah membentuk kepribadian muslim yang paripurna, yaitu kepribadian insan kamil. Proses pendidikan akhlak bertumpu kepada fungsi dan peran guru sebagai role model, yakni guru yang bisa di contoh oleh anak didiknya. Oleh sebab itu, dalam penelitian ini dikatakan guru yang berkepribadian adalah guru yang beretika, bermoral, berakhlak dan mampu menjadi teladan bagi anak didiknya dengan berlandaskan kepada dasar dan prinsip pendidikan islami. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini memberikan gambaran tentang pokok-pokok pikiran Abdullah Nashih Ulwan tentang pendidikan etika, pendidikan keteladanan, dan kepribadian guru. Oleh sebab itu, hasil yang diharapkan dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya aspek-aspek pemikiran Abdullah Nashih Ulwan dalam masalah etika, keteladanan, dan karakteristik pendidik. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif eksploratori, yaitu jenis penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif (qualitative research) dengan mendeskripsikan pemikirannya dalam bentuk naratif. Sedangkan dalam menghimpun data penelitian, peneliti menggunakan sumber data primer dan sekunder. Sumber data primer yaitu buku Tarbiyah Al-Aulād Fi Al-Islām yang telah diterjemahkan oleh Jamaludin Mirri sebagai pokok bahasan atau subjek penelitian. Adapun sumber data sekunder adalah referensi-referensi lainnya yang digunakan sebagai bahan acuan pendukung yang digunakan untuk memperkuat argumentasi penulis. Berdasarkan sumber data primer dan data sekunder penulis melakukan analisis untuk mengetahui corak, pola, kategori pemikiran Abdullah Nashih Ulwan dengan menggunakan analisis isi (content analysis).
International student migrants from Asian countries: features of their ethnic identity and acculturation strategies
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Larionova Anastasia V. , Liventsova Evgeniya Yu. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Fakhretdinova Aleksandra P. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Kostyukova Tatiana A. ,   National Research Tomsk State University
Published: January 2021

Ethnic identity as the main type of social identity and a key component of ethnic self-consciousness is the main regulator of ethnic interaction between international students and the host society. The harmonious ethnic identity’s formation is associated with the choice of acculturation strategy and directly affects the health and self-realization of the student’s personality in the learning process. The purpose of this research is to study the features of the content of the Asian students’ ethnic identity in the process of their contact with the new culture, as well as to determine the interconnectedness between the international student migrants’ ethnic identity and their acculturation strategy. The study involved 173 international students from East and Central Asia studying at universities in Siberia (Russia). The research methods included a questionnaire (survey), the method of ethnic identity studying developed by J. Phinney, and the framework for measuring acculturation strategies by J. Berry. Features and differences of international student migrants’ acculturation from the Central Asia countries and China are revealed. Students from the Central Asia countries have a positive ethnic identity (Mn=40,89), and the most frequent acculturation strategy is separation (Mn=8,91). International students from China are characterized mostly by having marginalization (Mn=8,89) as their acculturation strategy. The results of the present study can indicate the value and semantic orientations’ transformation in the new conditions of life and settlement.
Longing to Travel: Commute Appreciation during COVID-19
Authors: Aoustin Louise , Levinson David M
Published: January 2021

Based on a survey of 197 Sydneysiders undertaken during the COVID-19 Lockdown, this study shows time spent in transport was missed the most by public transport users, followed by push bike users, e-bike users, pedestrians, and finally drivers. Men missed time spent in transport more than women. It also finds that for public transport users, the more transfers, the less they miss time spent commuting.
Konformitas Pada Pelaku Agresi Geng Motor Dalam Perspektif Psikologi Kelompok : Studi Kasus Di Kota Cirebon
Authors:   Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesejahteraan Sosial, Kementerian Sosial RI, Nainggolan Togiaratua
Published: January 2021

Sebagai sebuah kelompok, perilaku geng motor sangat meresahkan. Individu dan kelompok saling mempengaruhi hingga conform dalam tindakan agresif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku konformitas pada agresi geng motor di Kota Cirebon. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Informan utama ditentukan secara purposif berdasarkan relevansi dengan permasalahan dan tujuan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan agresi geng motor terjadi dalam konteks konformitas. Agresi dilakukan karena tekanan dari geng sebagai kelompok, baik tekanan sosial yang sungguh-sungguh maupun yang dibayangkan saja. Tekanan yang sungguh-sungguh adalah tuntutan loyalitas membela nama baik dan kehormatan geng, sedangkan tekanan sosial yang dibayangkan adalah hukuman yang kelak akan dijalani jika tidak conform dengan kemauan geng. Dinamika konformitas diawali dengan munculnya tekanan sosial menjadi variabel input yang memicu munculnya agresi yang berinteraksi dengan variabel input lainnya. Untuk itu, anggota geng motor harus disadarkan atas pengaruh tekanan sosial (social pressure) sehingga mampu menolak untuk conform. Sejalan dengan kesimpulan ini, pemerintah diharapkan mengambil inisiatif melakukan pembinaan secara umum atas geng motor dengan memperjelas status keorganisasian geng motor (misalnya masuk menjadi organisasi sosial atau kepemudaan). Jika hal ini dilakukan, geng motor diharapkan tunduk kepada peraturan perundang-undangan yang terkait. Khusus kepada Dinas Sosial Kota Cirebon, perlu mempertimbangkan untuk memasukkan geng motor sebagai salah satu Penyandang Masalah Kesejahteraan Sosial sambil melakukan intervensi sosial yang bergerak ke hulu, dengan membina pola asuh keluarga anggota geng motor.
Biochemical, molecular and clinical aspects of coagulation factor VII and its role in hemostasis and thrombosis
Authors: Bernardi Francesco , Mariani Guglielmo
Published: January 2021

Activated factor VII (FVIIa), the first protease of clotting, expresses its physiological procoagulant potential only after complexing with tissue factor (TF) exposed to blood. Deep knowledge of the FVIIa-TF complex and F7 gene helps to understand the Janus-faced clinical findings associated to low or elevated FVII activity (FVIIc). Congenital FVII deficiency, the most frequent among the recessively inherited bleeding disorders, is caused by heterogeneous mutations in the F7 gene. Complete FVII deficiency causes perinatal lethality. A wide range of bleeding symptoms, from life-threatening intracranial hemorrhage to mild mucosal bleeding, is observed in patients with apparently modest differences in FVIIc levels. Though clinically relevant FVIIc threshold levels are still uncertain, effective management, including prophylaxis, has been devised, substantially improving the quality of life of patients. The exposure of TF in diseased arteries fostered investigation on the role of FVII in cardiovascular disease. FVIIc levels were found to be predictors of cardiovascular death and to be markedly associated to F7 gene variation. These genotype-phenotype relationships are among the most extensively investigated in humans. Genome-wide analyses extended association to numerous loci that, together with F7, explain >50% of FVII level plasma variance. However, the ability of F7 variation to predict thrombosis was not consistently evidenced in the numerous population studies. Main aims of this review are to highlight i) the biological and clinical information that distinguishes FVII deficiency from the other clotting disorders and ii) the impact exerted by genetically predicted FVII level variation on bleeding as well as on the thrombotic states.
Human erythroid differentiation requires VDAC1-mediated mitochondrial clearance
Authors: Moras Martina , Hattab Claude , Gonzalez-Menendez Pedro , Fader Claudio M. , Dussiot Michael , Larghero Jerome , Le Van Kim Caroline , Kinet Sandrina , Taylor Naomi , Lefevre Sophie D. , Ostuni Mariano A.
Published: January 2021

Erythroblast maturation in mammals is dependent on organelle clearance throughout terminal erythropoiesis. We studied the role of the outer mitochondrial membrane protein voltage-dependent anion channel-1 (VDAC1) in human terminal erythropoiesis. We show that short hairpin (shRNA)-mediated downregulation of VDAC1 accelerates erythroblast maturation. Thereafter, erythroblasts are blocked at the orthochromatic stage, exhibiting a significant decreased level of enucleation, concomitant with an increased cell death. We demonstrate that mitochondria clearance starts at the transition from basophilic to polychromatic erythroblast, and that VDAC1 downregulation induces the mitochondrial retention. In damaged mitochondria from non-erythroid cells, VDAC1 was identified as a target for Parkin-mediated ubiquitination to recruit the phagophore. Here, we showed that VDAC1 is involved in phagophore’s membrane recruitment regulating selective mitophagy of still functional mitochondria from human erythroblasts. These findings demonstrate for the first time a crucial role for VDAC1 in human erythroblast terminal differentiation, regulating mitochondria clearance.
APR-246 induces early cell death by ferroptosis in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Birsen Rudy , Larrue Clement , Decroocq Justine , Johnson Natacha , Guiraud Nathan , Gotanegre Mathilde , Cantero-Aguilar Lilia , Grignano Eric , Huynh Tony , Fontenay Michaela , Kosmider Olivier , Mayeux Patrick , Chapuis Nicolas , Sarry Jean Emmanuel , Tamburini Jerome , Bouscary Didier
Published: January 2021

APR-246 is a promising new therapeutic agent that targets p53 mutated proteins in myelodysplastic syndromes and in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). APR-246 reactivates the transcriptional activity of p53 mutants by facilitating their binding to DNA target sites. Recent studies in solid cancers have found that APR-246 can also induce p53-independent cell death. In this study, we demonstrate that AML cell death occurring early after APR-246 exposure is suppressed by iron chelators, lipophilic antioxidants and inhibitors of lipid peroxidation, and correlates with the accumulation of markers of lipid peroxidation, thus fulfilling the definition of ferroptosis, a recently described cell death process. The capacity of AML cells to detoxify lipid peroxides by increasing their cystine uptake to maintain major antioxidant molecule glutathione biosynthesis after exposure to APR-246 may be a key determinant of sensitivity to this compound. The association of APR-246 with induction of ferroptosis (either by pharmacological compounds, or genetic inactivation of SLC7A11 or GPX4) had a synergistic effect on the promotion of cell death, both in vivo and ex vivo.
Risk factors for endocrine complications in transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients on chelation therapy with deferasirox: a risk assessment study from a multi-center nation-wide cohort
Authors: Casale Maddalena , Forni Gian Luca , Cassinerio Elena , Pasquali Daniela , Origa Raffaella , Serra Marilena , Campisi Saveria , Peluso Angelo , Renni Roberta , Cattoni Alessandro , De Michele Elisa , Allò Massimo , Poggi Maurizio , Ferrara Francesca , Di Concilio Rosanna , Sportelli Filomena , Quarta Antonella , Putti Maria Caterina , Notarangelo Lucia Dora , Sau Antonella , Ladogana Saverio , Tartaglione Immacolata , Picariello Stefania , Marcon Alessia , Sturiale Patrizia , Roberti Domenico , Lazzarino Antonio Ivan , Perrotta Silverio
Published: January 2021

Transfusion-dependent patients typically develop iron-induced cardiomyopathy, liver disease, and endocrine complications. We aimed to estimate the incidence of endocrine disorders in transfusiondependent thalassemia (TDT) patients during long-term iron-chelation therapy with deferasirox (DFX). We developed a multi-center follow-up study of 426 TDT patients treated with once-daily DFX for a median duration of 8 years, up to 18.5 years. At baseline, 118, 121, and 187 patients had 0, 1, or ≥2 endocrine diseases respectively. 104 additional endocrine diseases were developed during the follow-up. The overall risk of developing a new endocrine complication within 5 years was 9.7% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 6.3–13.1). Multiple Cox regression analysis identified three key predictors: age showed a positive log-linear effect (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] for 50% increase 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1–1.3, P=0.005), the serum concentration of thyrotropin showed a positive linear effect (adjusted HR for 1 mIU/L increase 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1–1.4, P<0.001) regardless the kind of disease incident, while the number of previous endocrine diseases showed a negative linear effect: the higher the number of diseases at baseline the lower the chance of developing further diseasess (adjusted HR for unit increase 0.5, 95% CI: 0.4–0.7, P<0.001). Age and thyrotropin had similar effect sizes across the categories of baseline diseases. The administration of levothyroxine as a covariate did not change the estimates. Although in DFX-treated TDT patients the risk of developing an endocrine complication is generally lower than the previously reported risk, there is considerable risk variation and the burden of these complications remains high. We developed a simple risk score chart enabling clinicians to estimate their patients’ risk. Future research will look at increasing the amount of variation explained from our model and testing further clinical and laboratory predictors, including the assessment of direct endocrine magnetic resonance imaging.
La gestión de la innovación en las agencias de viajes cubanas
Authors: Olivera Elosegui Rebeca , Rodríguez González Maité
Published: January 2021

La innovación se ha convertido en uno de los instrumentos fundamentales dentro de las empresas que quieren seguir siendo competitivas en un entorno cada vez más complejo y cambiante. No obstante, muchas entidades del sector turístico cubano, específicamente las agencias de viajes, presentan una insuficiente Gestión de la Innovación y se desconoce cuál es su situación actual. Por lo que se plantea como objetivo de la presente investigación: Valorar la gestión de la innovación en las agencias de viaje generalistas, pertenecientes a (OSDE) Viajes Cuba. Para ello se determinó aplicar en tres agencias de viajes, uno de estos modelos de diagnóstico y mejora de la gestión de la innovación: Guía para la Autoevaluación de la Gestión de la Innovación) Empresarial elaborada por Centro Andaluz para la Excelencia en la Gestión, (2009), El Modelo de las 7 Dimensiones (7 D´s) de Arzola & Mejías, (2007), y la fusión del modelo del Centro de Innovación y Desarrollo Empresarial de la Generalitat de Catalunya (CIDEM) desarrollado en el año 2002 y el procedimiento para la evaluación de la Gestión de la Innovación propuesto por la misma institución en el 2009. Las etapas correspondientes al diagnóstico dentro de estas metodologías incluyeron la aplicación de cuestionarios, entrevistas a directivos, entrevista a profundidad a especialistas de I+D+i y análisis documental. El diagnóstico y la aplicación de  la Matriz de Vester, el árbol de problemas y el árbol de objetivos, posibilitaron la identificación de las brechas existentes entre el estado ideal y actual, permitiendo estructurar el marco lógico para la mejora, así como establecer un conjunto de indicadores para la planificación y el control en estas instituciones turísticas.
Aggregate Stability in Soils of Twelve Argo-ecological Zones of Bangladesh Based on Organic Carbon and Basic Cations
Authors: Arofi S , Rahman MM , Shiragi HK , Alam MA , Islam MM , Biswas JC
Published: January 2021

Soil aggregate is one of the vital indicators of soil health that depends on organic carbon (OC), texture and basic cations. A total of 206 soil samples were collected from 12 agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of Bangladesh to study the effects of organic carbon (OC), basic cations (Ca, Mg, K and Na) and different sized soil particles on soil aggregate stability. Soil samples were analyzed for bulk density, pH, OC, texture, basic cations and water stable soil aggregates (WSA) following standard protocols. Data revealed that OC positively increased WSA, while monovalent basic cations Na+ and K+ showed negative effects. Water stable soil aggregates and C stock of 0.25 mm sized soil fraction were found higher than that of larger sized soil fractions of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mm. The roles of divalent basic cations Ca2+ and Mg2+ on WSA were found to be indistinct and need to be studied further.

Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(2) : 27-36
Influence of Harvesting Date on Chemical Maturity for Processing Quality of Potatoes
Authors: Sharkar M , Ahmed JU , Hoque MA , Mohi-Ud-Din M
Published: January 2021

The present study was conducted to find out a suitable harvesting date of processing potato varieties (Asterix, Courage and Lady Rosetta) from three different harvest dates [80, 90, and 100 days after planting (DAP) harvest] by chemical maturity monitoring. Eighty DAP harvest resulted the lowest mean total soluble sugar (TSS) (3.77 mg/g FW), reducing sugar (RS) (1.57 mg/g FW), sucrose (2.40 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.77 mg/g FW) and polyphenol (238.94 μg/g FW) contents in all the varieties and at the same DAP harvest, dry matter (DM) content (21.71%) and chip color index (CCI) (0.67) remained at the lowest. Tubers harvested at 80 DAP produced good quality and acceptable colored processed products as it meets up the required processing quality, but lesser DM content might increase the cost of the product. Optimum DM content (24.07%) with moderate level of different sugar contents and acceptable CCI (1.13 to 1.85, <2.00) was found at 90 DAP harvest. Therefore, 90 DAP harvest could be considered as suitable harvesting date for processing by compromising some quality parameters (TSS, RS, sucrose, fructose and polyphenol contents). Among the varieties, Lady Rosetta and Courage were preferable for producing quality potato products. Highly significant and positive correlation existed between CCI and different chemical parameters. A strong correlation coefficient (r = 0.822**) and good fit (R2 = 0.6755) of the regression equation (CCI = 0.9341RS – 0.4969) between CCI and RS indicated that RS content played the vital role in the browning of the processed potato products.

Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(2) : 89-103
Propagação clonal rápida de amoreira preta ‘Xingu’ por miniestaquia
Authors: Joaquini Felipe Asprino , Biasi Luiz Antonio , Tofanelli Mauro Brasil Dias
Published: January 2021

A miniestaquia tem sido utilizada para diversas espécies lenhosas, apresentando maior eficiência do que a propagação por estaquia convencional, devido seu elevado rendimento de material propagativo e maior porcentagem de enraizamento das miniestacas. Este trabalho foi realizado para avaliar a eficiência da técnica de miniestaquia para amoreira preta ‘Xingu’. O minijardim foi instalado em vasos a partir de estacas de raízes. Foram realizadas 4 coletas de miniestacas entre 24/10/2019 a 12/03/2020, as quais receberam os seguintes tratamentos: estacas apicais sem AIB, estacas medianas sem AIB, estacas medianas + 500 mg L-1 de AIB e estacas medianas + 1000 mg L-1 de AIB. A miniestaquia foi realizada em câmara de nebulização e avaliada após 35 dias. O rendimento de miniestacas aumento da primeira até a terceira coleta, diminuindo na quarta coleta, quando as plantas iniciaram a entrada em dormência. A quantidade acumulada de miniestacas de amoreira preta ‘Xingu’ atingiu 916 m-2, num período inferir a 5 meses. A porcentagem de estacas enraizadas foi em geral acima de 80%, ocorrendo diferença significativa entre os tratamentos apenas na segunda coleta. As estacas medianas apresentaram maior número e comprimento de raízes do que as apicais e a aplicação de AIB apresentou pouco e variado efeito sobre o enraizamento. Conclui-se que a miniestaquia é uma técnica eficiente para a propagação rápida e em larga escala da amoreira preta ‘Xingu’ e pode ser realizada com todas as porções das brotações das minicepas sem necessidade de aplicação de auxina.
Processo de educação permanente sob a micropolítica do trabalho vivo em ato de Emerson Merhy: reflexão teórica
Authors: Rodrigues Gabryella Vencionek Barbosa , Cortez Elaine Antunes , Almeida Yasmin Saba de , Santos Emillia Conceição Gonçalves dos
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Compreender as confluências da teoria do “trabalho vivo em ato” de Emerson Merhy e o processo de educação permanente em saúde. Metodologia: Reflexão teórica baseada nos conceitos da teoria do “trabalho vivo em ato” de Emerson Merhy em discussão com a Política Nacional de Educação Permanente. Resultados: A vivacidade do trabalho se origina a partir da atividade do trabalhador, no seu exato momento de criação. No campo da Educação Permanente, o trabalho em saúde é centrado no trabalho vivo de forma permanente, já que opera por meio do uso das tecnologias de ação centradas nas relações. A Educação Permanente em Saúde se apresenta como uma ferramenta de gestão efetiva, sendo capaz de trabalhar as realidades e singularidades dos usuários, dos trabalhadores e dos serviços de saúde, por meio da aprendizagem significativa. Considerações finais: As confluências da teoria do “trabalho vivo em ato” de Emerson Merhy e da Política Nacional de Educação Permanente trazem implicações para a prática pedagógica e assistencial em saúde, ao permitir trabalhar uma nova perspectiva durante a reflexão coletiva do processo de trabalho, além de auxiliar na implementação da Educação Permanente nos serviços em saúde.
Avaliação microbiológica dos leitos cirúrgicos de um hospital público oncológico da região norte do Brasil
Authors: Vaz Davis Wilker Nascimento , Sousa Yasmin Martins de , Cavalcante Rosiane Luz , Almeida Maria das Graças Carvalho , Lima Karla Valéria Batista , Silva Júnior Ademir Ferreira da
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: avaliar as condições microbiológicas dos leitos de um Centro Cirúrgico de um Hospital público de ensino do Município de Belém, Pará. Métodos: Executou-se a coleta de amostras dos leitos cirúrgicos após a sua desocupação, por meio de rolamento de swab umedecido em solução salina esterilizada, antes e após a desinfecção dos leitos. As amostras foram processadas no Setor de Bacteriologia do Laboratório de Análises Clinica do CESUPA- LAC/ CESUPA. O teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos foi realizado pelo método de disco difusão por meio da técnica de Kirb Bauer e o resultado expressou-se como sensível, moderadamente resistente (intermediário) e resistente. Resultados: Nas amostras coletadas dos leitos cirúrgicos, foram isoladas diferentes espécies do gênero Staphylococcus: S. aureus, S. epidermidis e S. saprophyticus, as quais apresentaram mais resistência à Penicilina, Azitromicina e Vancomicina, respectivamente. Após a desinfecção, observou-se uma redução das espécies S. aureus e S. epidermidis e um aumento da S. saprophyticus. Com relação às Gram negativas, de todas as amostras coletadas, só em duas elas positivaram, sendo ambas na coleta antes da desinfecção dos leitos. Na coleta após a desinfecção, as amostras Gram negativas negativaram. A desinfecção foi mais efetiva para as bactérias Gram negativas do que Gram positivas.  Conclusão: Portanto, a análise microbiológica realizada nos leitos cirúrgicos, antes e após a desinfecção, demonstrou que eles possuíam uma carga microbiana elevada, constituindo assim, uma possível fonte de contaminação ambiental capaz de desencadear um processo infeccioso.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ARIAS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA POKOK BAHASAN KESETIMBANGAN KIMIA (IN PRESS)
Authors: Refita Rezi , Herdini Herdini , Abdullah Abdullah
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar peserta didik dengan penerapan model pembelajaran ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, Interest, Assessment, Satisfaction) pada pokok bahasan kesetimbangan kimia di kelas XI MIA SMAN 4 Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian eksperimen yang rancangan penelitiannya yaitu randomized control group pretest-posttest. Populasi terdiri dari 3 kelas dan sampel terdiri dari 2 kelas yaitu kelas XI MIA 5 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI MIA 4 sebagai kelas kontrol yang dipilih secara acak setelah dilakukan uji homogenitas. Kelas eksperimen diterapkan model pembelajaran ARIAS sedangkan kelas kontrol tidak diterapkan model pembelajaran ARIAS. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji-t pihak kanan, berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh thitung > ttabel yaitu 6.04>1,67 artinya penerapan model pembelajaran ARIAS dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar peserta didik pada pokok bahasan Keseimbangan Kimia di kelas XI MIA SMAN 4Pekanbaru.
Nueva metodología para la delimitación de las zonas a reparar de un hormigón afectado por corrosión
Authors: Chinchón Payá Servando , Sánchez Montero Javier , Ortega Basagoiti Luis Mª , García Mateos Jesús , Rebolledo Ramos Nuria , Torres Martín Julio E. , Perilbáñez Sebastián Jaime
Published: January 2021

Este artículo describe el uso en obra de un equipo portátil de fluorescencia de rayos X (FRX) para la cuantificación en obra de cloruros en muestras de hormigón extraídas de una estructura afectada por corrosión. Su aplicación permite delimitar con un criterio más adecuado las zonas a reparar, extendiendo la intervención a zonas adyacentes a las claramente dañadas, aparentemente sanas, pero en las que la concentración de cloruros en el hormigón supera el límite propuesto por la EHE.
Proyecto del puente extradosado sobre el Río Barrow
Authors: Astiz Suárez Miguel Ángel , Blanco Martín Lucía , Sánchez Sánchez Marcos , Ayuso Calle Guillermo , Gil Ginés Miguel Ángel , González Aguilar Raúl
Published: January 2021

El Puente sobre el río Barrow en New Ross (Irlanda) tiene una longitud total de 887,0 m e incluye cuatro vanos extradosados y cinco vanos de aproximación hacia sus extremos Este y Oeste. La distribución de luces de Oeste a Este es 36 + 45+ 95 + 230 + 230 + 95 + 70 + 50 + 36 m. Los vanos más largos están parcialmente soportados mediante tirantes paralelos que se anclan en tres pilonos situados en la mediana (Figura 1).

Las tres torres de atirantamiento son de sección variable, las dos laterales de 16.20 m de altura sobre el tablero y la central de 27 m de altura sobre tablero y 60 m de altura sobre la cimentación. Los cables de atirantamiento son paralelos y pasan a través de las torres mediante sillas. Están organizados en un solo plano central por lo que necesariamente son de gran sección estando constituidos por hasta 125 cordones.

El tablero está formado por un cajón de hormigón pretensado de almas verticales y canto variable entre 8.5 y 3.5 m. Su anchura tipo es de 21.9 m que se alcanzan con un cajón de 8 m y vuelos de 7 m de anchura. Los vuelos están soportados por puntales que se materializan mediante losas nervadas prefabricadas haciendo que el intradós del puente esté formado por superficies continuas y creando en el tablero dos espacios interiores practicables de sección triangular. El tablero está pretensado longitudinalmente para colaborar en la flexión longitudinal y también transversalmente para colaborar en la resistencia frente a las fuerzas de anclaje de los tirantes.

El final de la construcción de este puente está previsto en los últimos meses de 2019 y será la mayor luz construida en el mundo mediante tableros extradosados de hormigón.
Efectos del viento en el proyecto del puente atirantado entre las islas de Cebú y Mactán (Filipinas)
Authors: Manterola Armisén Javier , Muñoz-Rojas Javier , Astiz Miguel Ángel , Manouchehri Pedram , Orgueta-Gutiérrez Mikel
Published: January 2021

El puente atirantado de Cebú-Cordova tiene 651,50 m de largo con una distribución de vanos de 5.75-60-65-390-65-60-5.75 y cuenta con un tablero de hormigón pretensado con sección cajón atirantado de dos torres verticales. La acción del viento es particularmente importante al estar en una zona de frecuente paso de tifones tropicales. La velocidad de viento de diseño era de 250 km/h. Para caracterizar el comportamiento de la estructura tanto aerodinámicamente como aeroelásticamente se llevaron a cabo diversos estudios:

Ensayo en túnel de viento para caracterizar aerodinámicamente el tablero y la torres y aeroelasticamente el tablero.

Cálculos con dinámica de fluidos computacional (CFD) para evaluar los coeficientes aerodinámicos de torre y tablero

Comprobaciones aeroelásticas de acuerdo al Eurocódigo y por medio de un modelo con dos grados de libertad para evaluar la sensibilidad de la torre frente al galope. omprobaciones análíticas de su estabilidad aeroelástica.

Todas las comprobaciones aeroelásticas confirmaron el adecuado comportamiento de la estructura.
La tomografía computerizada más allá de la medicina: Aplicaciones al estudio microestructural del hormigón y otros materiales de la ingeniería (versión inglesa)
Authors: Mena Alonso Álvaro , Mínguez Algarra Jesús , González Cabrera Dorys Carmen , Vicente Cabrera Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2021

La tomografía computerizada (TC) es una tecnología muy potente para el estudio de la microestructura de los materiales, lo que se refleja en la gran cantidad de trabajos publicados durante los últimos años. Más allá de su conocido uso en medicina, la TC se ha extendido a otros muchos campos científicos. En este trabajo se recogen algunos de ellos, con especial interés en el estudio del hormigón. Entre sus aplicaciones más relevantes destaca su uso en paleontología y patrimonio para analizar el interior de fósiles y restos arqueológicos sin dañarlos. Por otro lado, también se emplea con frecuencia en el estudio de materiales de la ingeniería, como los metales, los materiales compuestos, las mezclas bituminosas de los firmes, las rocas y el hormigón. En todos los casos, los datos obtenidos por los escáneres de TC se usan para mejorar el conocimiento de la respuesta macroscópica de dichos materiales frente a todo tipo de acciones, mecánicas o ambientales. En el caso particular el hormigón, entre sus aplicaciones principales se encuentran la del análisis de la matriz interna, el estudio de los patrones de fisuración y finalmente el estudio del hormigón reforzado con fibras.
How Well Do Commonly Used Co-contraction Indices Approximate Lower Limb Joint Stiffness Trends During Gait for Individuals Post-stroke?
Authors: Li Geng , Shourijeh Mohammad S. , Ao Di , Patten Carolynn , Fregly Benjamin J.
Published: January 2021

Muscle co-contraction generates joint stiffness to improve stability and accuracy during limb movement but at the expense of higher energetic cost. However, quantification of joint stiffness is difficult using either experimental or computational means. In contrast, quantification of muscle co-contraction using an EMG-based Co-Contraction Index (CCI) is easier and may offer an alternative for estimating joint stiffness. This study investigated the feasibility of using two common CCIs to approximate lower limb joint stiffness trends during gait. Calibrated EMG-driven lower extremity musculoskeletal models constructed for two individuals post-stroke were used to generate the quantities required for CCI calculations and model-based estimation of joint stiffness. CCIs were calculated for various combinations of antagonist muscle pairs based on two common CCI formulations: Rudolph et al. (2000) (CCI1) and Falconer and Winter (1985) (CCI2). CCI1 measures antagonist muscle activation relative to not only total activation of agonist plus antagonist muscles but also agonist muscle activation, while CCI2 measures antagonist muscle activation relative to only total muscle activation. We computed the correlation between these two CCIs and model-based estimates of sagittal plane joint stiffness for the hip, knee, and ankle of both legs. Although we observed moderate to strong correlations between some CCI formulations and corresponding joint stiffness, these associations were highly dependent on the methodological choices made for CCI computation. Specifically, we found that: (1) CCI1 was generally more correlated with joint stiffness than was CCI2, (2) CCI calculation using EMG signals with calibrated electromechanical delay generally yielded the best correlations with joint stiffness, and (3) choice of antagonist muscle pairs significantly influenced CCI correlation with joint stiffness. By providing guidance on how methodological choices influence CCI correlation with joint stiffness trends, this study may facilitate a simpler alternate approach for studying joint stiffness during human movement.
Circ-ZDHHC5 Accelerates Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression in vitro via miR-217/ZEB1 Axis
Authors: Wang Qian , Yang Lili , Fan Yanxin , Tang Weiwei , Sun Handong , Xu Zhipeng , Zhou Jian , Zhang Yanzhou , Zhu Bin , Cao Xiufeng
Published: January 2021

Circular RNA (circRNA) exhibits a covalently closed circular conformation and is structurally stable. Nevertheless, the precise effects exerted by circRNA in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains uncertain. circRNA was ascertained by a human circRNA array study and was confirmed by the quantification of reverse transcriptase polymerase reactions. A luciferase reporter, fluorescence in situ hybridization experiment was exploited to explore the interaction between circ-ZDHHC5 and miR-217. The function of circ-ZDHHC5 was determined by siRNA-mediated knockout of circ-ZDHHC5 in in vitro proliferation, migration, and invasion. circ-ZDHHC5, rather than linear ZDHHC5 mRNA, rose in the tissues of patients with ESCC, plasma, and ESCC cell lines in comparison with normal controls. Knockdown of circ-ZDHHC5 inhibited tumorigenesis in ESCC cells, and the co-transfection of si-circ-ZDHHC5 and miR-217 mimics further enhanced the above effect. Noticeably, the present study showed that circ-ZDHHC5 was an miR-217 sponge that modulated the expression of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), further facilitating ESCC tumorigenesis. As revealed by this study, circ-ZDHHC5 can act as a new potential circular biomarker for detecting ESCC. It provides a novel perceptivity for the treatment of ESCC suggesting that circ-ZDHHC5 could impact on ESCC progression by sponging miR-217 with ZEB1.
Regeneration of Functional Neurons After Spinal Cord Injury via in situ NeuroD1-Mediated Astrocyte-to-Neuron Conversion
Authors: Puls Brendan , Ding Yan , Zhang Fengyu , Pan Mengjie , Lei Zhuofan , Pei Zifei , Jiang Mei , Bai Yuting , Forsyth Cody , Metzger Morgan , Rana Tanvi , Zhang Lei , Ding Xiaoyun , Keefe Matthew , Cai Alice , Redilla Austin , Lai Michael , He Kevin , Li Hedong , Chen Gong
Published: January 2021

Spinal cord injury (SCI) often leads to impaired motor and sensory functions, partially because the injury-induced neuronal loss cannot be easily replenished through endogenous mechanisms.In vivoneuronal reprogramming has emerged as a novel technology to regenerate neurons from endogenous glial cells by forced expression of neurogenic transcription factors. We have previously demonstrated successful astrocyte-to-neuron conversion in mouse brains with injury or Alzheimer's disease by overexpressing a single neural transcription factor NeuroD1. Here we demonstrate regeneration of spinal cord neurons from reactive astrocytes after SCI through AAV NeuroD1-based gene therapy. We find that NeuroD1 converts reactive astrocytes into neurons in the dorsal horn of stab-injured spinal cord with high efficiency (~95%). Interestingly, NeuroD1-converted neurons in the dorsal horn mostly acquire glutamatergic neuronal subtype, expressing spinal cord-specific markers such as Tlx3 but not brain-specific markers such as Tbr1, suggesting that the astrocytic lineage and local microenvironment affect the cell fate after conversion. Electrophysiological recordings show that the NeuroD1-converted neurons can functionally mature and integrate into local spinal cord circuitry by displaying repetitive action potentials and spontaneous synaptic responses. We further show that NeuroD1-mediated neuronal conversion can occur in the contusive SCI model with a long delay after injury, allowing future studies to further evaluate thisin vivoreprogramming technology for functional recovery after SCI. In conclusion, this study may suggest a paradigm shift from classical axonal regeneration to neuronal regeneration for spinal cord repair, usingin vivoastrocyte-to-neuron conversion technology to regenerate functional new neurons in the gray matter.
Hijacking Endocytosis and Autophagy in Extracellular Vesicle Communication: Where the Inside Meets the Outside
Authors: Pedrioli Giona , Paganetti Paolo
Published: January 2021

Extracellular vesicles, phospholipid bilayer-membrane vesicles of cellular origin, are emerging as nanocarriers of biological information between cells. Extracellular vesicles transport virtually all biologically active macromolecules (e.g., nucleotides, lipids, and proteins), thus eliciting phenotypic changes in recipient cells. However, we only partially understand the cellular mechanisms driving the encounter of a soluble ligand transported in the lumen of extracellular vesicles with its cytosolic receptor: a step required to evoke a biologically relevant response. In this context, we review herein current evidence supporting the role of two well-described cellular transport pathways: the endocytic pathway as the main entry route for extracellular vesicles and the autophagic pathway driving lysosomal degradation of cytosolic proteins. The interplay between these pathways may result in the target engagement between an extracellular vesicle cargo protein and its cytosolic target within the acidic compartments of the cell. This mechanism of cell-to-cell communication may well own possible implications in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders.
Nerves in the Tumor Microenvironment: Origin and Effects
Authors: Wang Wenjun , Li Lingyu , Chen Naifei , Niu Chao , Li Zhi , Hu Jifan , Cui Jiuwei
Published: January 2021

Studies have reported the vital role of nerves in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Nerves infiltrate the tumor microenvironment thereby enhancing cancer growth and metastasis. Perineural invasion, a process by which cancer cells invade the surrounding nerves, provides an alternative route for metastasis and generation of tumor-related pain. Moreover, central and sympathetic nervous system dysfunctions and psychological stress-induced hormone network disorders may influence the malignant progression of cancer through multiple mechanisms. This reciprocal interaction between nerves and cancer cells provides novel insights into the cellular and molecular bases of tumorigenesis. In addition, they point to the potential utility of anti-neurogenic therapies. This review describes the evolving cross-talk between nerves and cancer cells, thus uncovers potential therapeutic targets for cancer.
Tubeimoside I Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces a Partly Disrupted and Cytoprotective Autophagy Through Rapidly Hyperactivation of MEK1/2-ERK1/2 Cascade via Promoting PTP1B in Melanoma
Authors: Du Juan , Dong Zhen , Tan Li , Tan Mengqin , Zhang Fang , Zhang Kui , Pan Guangzhao , Li Chongyang , Shi Shaomin , Zhang Yanli , Liu Yaling , Cui Hongjuan
Published: January 2021

Tubeimoside I (TBMS1), also referred to as tubeimoside A, is a natural compound extracted from the plant Tu Bei Mu (Bolbostemma paniculatum), which is a traditional Chinese herb used to treat multiple diseases for more than 1,000 years. Studies in recent years reported its anti-tumor activity in several cancers. However, whether it is effective in melanoma remains unknown. In the current study, we discovered that TBMS1 treatment inhibited melanoma cell proliferation in vitro and tumorigenecity in vivo. Besides, we also observed that TBMS1 treatment induced a partly disrupted autophagy, which still remained a protective role, disruption of which by chloroquine (CQ) or 3-methyladenine (3-MA) enhanced TBMS1-induced cell proliferation inhibition. CQ combined with TBMS1 even induced cellular apoptosis. BRAF(V600E) mutation and its continuously activated downstream MEK1/2-ERK1/2 cascade are found in 50% of melanomas and are important for malanomagenesis. However, hyperactivating MEK1/2-ERK1/2 cascade can also inhibit tumor growth. Intriguingly, we observed that TBMS1 rapidly hyperactivated MEK1/2-ERK1/2, inhibition of which by its inhibitor SL-327 rescued the anti-cancerous effects of TBMS1. Besides, the targets of TBMS1 were predicted by the ZINC Database based on its structure. It is revealed that protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) might be one of the targets of TBMS1. Inhibition of PTP1B by its selective inhibitor TCS401 or shRNA rescued the anti-cancerous effects of TBMS1 in melanoma cells. These results indicated that TBMS1 might activate PTP1B, which further hyperactivates MEK1/2-ERK1/2 cascade, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation in melanoma. Our results provided the potentiality of TBMS1 as a drug candidate for melanoma therapy and confirmed that rapidly hyperactivating an oncogenic signaling pathway may also be a promising strategy for cancer treatment.
Primary Cilia, Ciliogenesis and the Actin Cytoskeleton: A Little Less Resorption, A Little More Actin Please
Authors: Smith Claire E. L. , Lake Alice V. R. , Johnson Colin A.
Published: January 2021

Primary cilia are microtubule-based organelles that extend from the apical surface of most mammalian cells, forming when the basal body (derived from the mother centriole) docks at the apical cell membrane. They act as universal cellular “antennae” in vertebrates that receive and integrate mechanical and chemical signals from the extracellular environment, serving diverse roles in chemo-, mechano- and photo-sensation that control developmental signaling, cell polarity and cell proliferation. Mutations in ciliary genes cause a major group of inherited developmental disorders called ciliopathies. There are very few preventative treatments or new therapeutic interventions that modify disease progression or the long-term outlook of patients with these conditions. Recent work has identified at least four distinct but interrelated cellular processes that regulate cilia formation and maintenance, comprising the cell cycle, cellular proteostasis, signaling pathways and structural influences of the actin cytoskeleton. The actin cytoskeleton is composed of microfilaments that are formed from filamentous (F) polymers of globular G-actin subunits. Actin filaments are organized into bundles and networks, and are attached to the cell membrane, by diverse cross-linking proteins. During cell migration, actin filament bundles form either radially at the leading edge or as axial stress fibers. Early studies demonstrated that loss-of-function mutations in ciliopathy genes increased stress fiber formation and impaired ciliogenesis whereas pharmacological inhibition of actin polymerization promoted ciliogenesis. These studies suggest that polymerization of the actin cytoskeleton, F-actin branching and the formation of stress fibers all inhibit primary cilium formation, whereas depolymerization or depletion of actin enhance ciliogenesis. Here, we review the mechanistic basis for these effects on ciliogenesis, which comprise several cellular processes acting in concert at different timescales. Actin polymerization is both a physical barrier to both cilia-targeted vesicle transport and to the membrane remodeling required for ciliogenesis. In contrast, actin may cause cilia loss by localizing disassembly factors at the ciliary base, and F-actin branching may itself activate the YAP/TAZ pathway to promote cilia disassembly. The fundamental role of actin polymerization in the control of ciliogenesis may present potential new targets for disease-modifying therapeutic approaches in treating ciliopathies.