bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules and patients follow-up strategy
Authors: Porhanov V A , Shulzhenko L V , Polyakov I S , Bolotova E V , Smolin A A
Published: October 2016

Solitary pulmonary nodule is the common clinical problem. Following the detection of solitary nodules practitioner first face the question of the probability of malignancy and the future strategy and tactics of the patient management. The report highlights the issues of differential diagnosis of solitary nodules and modern standards of management of these patients, including issues of their follow-up care. The importance of a multidisciplinary approach to this problem is emphasized. Strategy for the management of patients with solitary nodules include: (1) the computed tomography performance, its comparing with previous data; (2) an assessment of the margin, size, calcification type, solitary nodule type (solid, subsolid); (3) the risk of malignancy assessment. Further actions can be performed according to algorithms: nodule ≤8 mm; nodule >8 mm. According to screening tests for the early detection of lung cancer in smokers at high risk for development of malignant tumors, solitary nodules are found in 50% of cases. When choosing a strategy it is necessary to inform the patient about all the positives and negatives of follow-up care by means of computed tomography. Its main goal is to secure patient with benign nodules against unwanted invasive procedures, especially if there is no need for treatment. This advantage is put on one side of the scale, and on the second - the risk of delayed diagnosis of cancer, and excessive exposure to radiation. In light of the above all the patients with solitary nodules of undefined etiology should be referred to a specialized pulmonary center for multidisciplinary experts evaluating - pulmonologists, thoracic surgeons, pathologists and radiology specialists, which allows to develop the most optimal strategy for these patients.
Stress myocardial injury after arthroscopic surgery
Authors: Gadzhieva L R
Published: October 2016

Any surgery can cause the body’s stress response, which is initiated by tissue damage, with the participation of neuroendocrine factors leading to the development of tachycardia, hypertension, increased myocardial oxygen demand, stimulating the activation of free radical oxidation processes, metabolic disorders, and myocardial energy supply. Currently there are reasons to believe that the stress reaction can both aggravate injuries caused by surgical intervention and complicate the postoperative process, reducing the overall efficiency of therapeutic measures. A clinical case of stress myocardial injury with the development of left ventricular heart failure and pulmonary edema in young men in the early postoperative period after arthroscopic resection of the medial meniscus of the right knee joint is presented. The advantage of echocardiography in the diagnosis of left ventricular systolic dysfunction, accompanied by an increase in the cavity, a significant deterioration in the global and regional myocardial contractility, as well as the development of acute valvular insufficiency is described.
Evelyn Encalada Grez in Conversation with Marlea Clarke
Authors: Evelyn Encalada Grez
Published: October 2016

Evelyn is a community organiser and a PhD candidate at OISE of the  University of Toronto. Her dissertation focuses on migrant work across rural Ontario and Rural Mexico. Born in Chile, raised in Canada, Evelyn has worked in El Salvador, Nicaragua, Guatemala and Honduras with the Central American Network in Solidarity with Women Maquila Workers and with the Workers Support Centre in Puebla, Mexico. Evelyn is a founding member of Justice for Migrant Workers, a political collective that has fought for the rights of migrant farm workers in Canada since 2001
FATORES INFLUENCIADORES DA ADOÇÃO DE UM MÉTODO DE COSTING NA PERSPECTIVA DE PROFISSIONAIS EM CONTABILIDADE COM ATUAÇÃO NO SETOR INDUSTRIAL
Authors: Costa Wenyka Preston Leite Batista da , Silva Jandeson Dantas da , Leone Rodrigo José Guerra , Pessoa Maria Naiula Monteiro , Silva Sergio Luiz Pedrosa
Published: October 2016

Os métodos de custeio são responsáveis por definir a forma pela qual os custos são apropriados aos seus portadores finais e possuem forte relevância na obtenção das informações gerenciais necessárias para os aspectos decisórios, na mensuração de estoques e na evidenciação dos resultados. Dessa forma, o período de adoção de um método de custeio é uma fase à qual uma entidade deve realizar análise detalhada dos objetivos pertinentes, buscando atender às necessidades dos diversos setores de forma eficiente e eficaz. Nesse sentido, o objetivo com esta pesquisa foi identificar os fatores que influenciam a adoção de um método de custeio nas empresas do setor industrial. A pesquisa possui natureza descritiva e quantitativa; a coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de um questionário eletrônico aplicado a 175 profissionais de contabilidade atuantes no setor industrial. Os resultados mostram que os fatores influenciadores da adoção de um método de custeio, em ordem de influência; são competitividade, gerenciamento, controle, legalidade, planejamento, apropriação, supervisão, comparabilidade, confiabilidade e precisão.

Palavras-chave: Método de custeio. Contabilidade de custos. Adoção de um método.

 

Factors influencing the adoption of a cost method in professional perspective in accounting with operations in the industrial sector

Abstract

  

The costing methods are responsible for defining the way in which the costs are appropriate to their final carriers and have strong relevance in obtaining the management information necessary for decision-making aspects, in the measurement of inventories and in the disclosure of results. In this way, the period of adoption of a costing method is a stage at which an entity should perform detailed analysis of the relevant objectives, seeking to meet the needs of the many sectors efficiently and effectively. Accordingly, the objective with this research was to identify the factors influencing the adoption of a costing method in industrial companies. The research has descriptive and quantitative nature, the data was collected through an electronic questionnaire applied to 175 accounting professionals working in the industrial sector. The results show that the factors influencing the adoption of a costing method, in order of influence, are competitiveness, management, governance, legality, planning, ownership, supervision, comparability, reliability and accuracy.

Keywords: Costing method. Costing accounting. Adoption of a method.
A busca pela transparência da administração pública na América Latina e a rede Latino Americana de transparência legislativa
Authors: De Alencar Heitor Augusto Santos , Rocha Augusto César Barreto
Published: October 2016

A história da América Latina é marcada por crises econômicas e sociais de toda ordem. Estes acontecimentos resultaram em efeitos positivos sobre os sistemas democráticos destes países. Como reflexo direto destas crises, evidencia-se por parte da sociedade, uma crescente preocupação com a transparência dos atos do Estado, que por sua vez busca a credibilidade da sociedade sobre suas ações. Dentro deste contexto surge em 2010 a Rede Latino Americana de Transparência Legislativa (RLTL), com o objetivo de ser um mecanismo de ligação, comunicação e colaboração entre organizações da sociedade civil que promovem ativamente a transparência na Administração Pública. Para o estudo empregou-se o método indutivo por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o levantamento, classificação e observação das crises; análise da relação com as iniciativas de transparência para o cruzamento de dados e a formulação das hipóteses conclusivas. A partir dos resultados empíricos, duas hipóteses são traçadas para a investigação conduzida: 1) A RLTL atua de forma homogênea em todos os países associados 2) A metodologia de pesquisa empregada pela RLTL não consegue abordar as particularidades de todos os países latino-americanos não tendo assim a adesão de toda a região.
Un nouveau mode de conduite des vignes au Chili : le système « huasca »
Authors: Hernandez Alejandro
Published: October 2016

Une « huasca » est un sarment de l'année, vigoureux, ayant une longueur de 3-4 m, un diamètre de l'ordre de 1,5 cm dans sa partie médiane et portant environ 60 bourgeons. Lors de la taille, on ne coupe pas l'extrémité des « huascas » que l'on conserve et on supprime les autres sarments. Un tel système est donc très rapide, très économique et permet, en outre, d'obtenir de fortes récoltes.

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A « huasca » is a vigorous one-year-old cane of 3-4 meters in length with a median diameter of approximately 1,5 cm. It usually bears about 60 buds. At pruning, « huasca » tips are not pruned at all and the other canes are eliminated. Such a system is both quick and economical and in addition allows high yields.
Thermorésistance des levures dans le vin. Application a la stabilisation biologique des vins par la chaleur
Authors: Devèze Michel , Ribéreau-Gayon Pascal
Published: October 2016

La thermorésistance des micro-organismes peut être caractérisée : par le temps de chauffage nécessaire, à une température constante, pour réduire une population au dixième de sa valeur (D) et par la variation de température (z) permettant de modifier D par un facteur 10. Ces critères ont été déterminés pour quatre souches de levures importantes en vinification des vins blancs liquoreux. L'influence du degré alcoolique, du pH, de la teneur en sucres et de l'âge de la culture sur la thermorésistance a été étudiée sur une souche de Saccharomyces bayanus.

A partir de cette étude théorique il a été possible d'effectuer le contrôle de l'efficacité de traitements thermiques réalisés à l'échelle de la pratique sur des vins liquoreux.

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The thermal resistance of microorganisms can be characterised by, firstly, the length of time of heating, at a constant temperature, necessary to destroy 90 % of a population, (D), and secondly by the temperature variation (z) which will modify D by a factor of 10. These values were determined for four yeast strains, which are all important in the vinification of white dessert wines. The influence of alcohol, pH, sugar concentration and the age of the culture upon the thermal resistance were studied with one strain of Saccharomyces bayanus.

Applying these theoritical considerations, it was possible to monitor the effectiveness of heat treatments found in the vinification of these wines.
Le gaz carbonique des vins. II. Aspect technologique
Authors: Lonvaud-Funel Aline , Ribéreau-Gayon Pascal
Published: October 2016

Les principaux facteurs influençant, pendant leur conservation, l'évolution du gaz carbonique dissous dans les vins, ont été étudiés. Un intérêt plus particulier a été porté aux conséquences, sur la teneur en CO2, des techniques de stockage des vins sous atmosphère de gaz inerte.

Les résultats de tests de dégustation ont permis de préciser l'influence de ce constituant des vins sur leurs caractères organoleptiques. On a constaté ainsi que les teneurs dans les vins de Bordeaux prêts à la consommation ne correspondent pas toujours aux valeurs optimales.

L'ensemble de cette étude démontre l'intérêt de contrôler et régler les doses de CO2 dissous dans les vins.

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The principal factors influencing the evolution of dissolved carbon dioxide in wine during conservation have been studied. In particular, the consequences of CO2 concentration and the techniques of wines storage under an inert gas atmosphere were investigated.

Sensory evaluation lead to defining the influence of this constituent on the organoleptic characteristics of wine. It was verified that the concentration in Bordeaux wines ready for consumption are not always at optimal levels.

Overall, this study indicates the benefits of monitoring and regulating the concentration of CO2 dissolved in wine.
Dosage du plomb dans les vins, une cause d'enrichissement : les capsules de surbouchage
Authors: Médina Bernard , Guimberteau Guy , Sudraud P.
Published: October 2016

Dans ce travail on décrit une technique de dosage du plomb par spectrophotométrie d'absorption atomique après extraction par la méthylisobutylcétone du plomb complexé avec la pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate d'ammonium et en utilisant la méthode des ajouts dosés.

On chiffre l'augmentation de la teneur en plomb par les capsules de surbouchage et on précise le mécanisme d'enrichissement en ce métal.

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A technique of lead determination by atomic absorption spectrophotometery for extraction in lead methylisobutylketone complexed with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate using the measured additions method, is decribed.

The increase in lead content due to bottle capsules is detailed. The mechanism of this lead enrichment is specified.
Morphologie inframicroscopique de Vitis vinifera L., son incidence sur la répartition des levures
Authors: Belin J.-M.
Published: October 2016

Des travaux réalisés en microscopie électronique à balayage rendent compte de la morphologie inframicroscopique et de l'aspect des cires des diverses parties du cep de vigne : tige (tronc, baguette, rameaux aoûtés, rameaux herbacés), feuilles jeunes et adultes (limbe, pétiole), grappes (rafle, pédicelle, baie). Cette étude a permis de déterminer les zones préférentielles d'installation des levustomates et lenticelles sur les divers éléments de la grappe ; le long des nervures et sur le pourtour des feuilles ; au niveau des « lenticelles » et des crevasses sur l'écorce des parties âgées de la tige.

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Studies with the scanning electron microscope report the inframicroscopic morphology and the aspect of waxes of the various parts of the vine : stem (trunk, rod, ripening branches, herbaceous branches), young and adult leaves (blade, petiole), grapes (grape-stalk, pedicle, berries). This work allowed to determine the propitious zones for the yeasts installation: stomata and lenticels on  the various parts of the grape; along the veins and the edges of the leaves, on the « lenticels » and shakes of the bark of the old stem parts.
Causal Correlation Between Technology Level, Institutional Support, and Agricultural Extension Role Againts for the Adoption Level of Livestock-Crop Integration
Authors: - Priyono
Published: October 2016

Efforts to increase the amount of livestock-crop integration adopter needs agricultural extension support and powerful institutional support through technology transfer to farmers. This research was aimed to determine causal correlation between technology level, institutional support and agricultural extension’s role against the adoption level of livestock-crop integration. This research was conducted from 15th February - 31th March 2013 in Sadangkulon, Kebumen Regency. The used method in this study was structured survey method. Respondents were taken as much as 31 people using sample random sampling, as much as 50% from each farmer group. Variables which measured in this study were integration technology level, agricultural extension role, and adoption level of livestock-crop integration. Data were analyzed using path analysis to estimate the coefficient of linear structural equation which has a causal correlation by SPSS tools. The research result showed that the contribution of exogenous variables (technology level, institutional support, and agricultural extension role) simultaneously affecting the adoption level of livestock-crop integration of 72,5% (P < 0,05). Partially, the adoption level of livestock-crop integration was directly affected by the mastery level of technology (16,4%), institutional support (4,7%), and agricultural extension role (13,4%). Based correlation analysis showed that the correlation between exogenous variable have a positive and significant correlation (r12 = 0,580; r13 = 0,703; and r23 = 0,427). Based on the research result, that mastery level of technology, institutional support, and agricultural extension role had a causal correlation against the adoption level of livestock-crop integration.
DETERMINAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI INDONESIA; EKSPLORASI INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL DAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Authors: Rini Dewa Ayu Oki Asta , Akram - , Handajani Lilik
Published: October 2016

The aim of research is to know the intellectual capital, corporate governance effect and company’s characteristic toward financial archievment at manufacture company by using partial lest square (PLS). The research was apllied in 38 manufacture company (28,78 % from 132 companies) by using secondary data in front of financial and annual report from 2011 to 2013. The result indicated that intellectual capital has positive effect toward financial achievment, which indicated that the company hasi seriousness to give value by using high VAICTM and increase the intangible asset thorugh MBIC. Corporate governance has so significant effect  toward financial achievment, that indicate the how level of suitability in applying corporate governance. Practice toward the entirely principle of OECD (2004). Corporate governance pratice that the refer to OECD (2004) principle is still dominated by the role of stakeholder in corporate governance. The transparancy and responsibility of committe. In the future, the company must give more right of shareholder’s  and the equitable treatment to  shareholder
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, TAX AVOIDANCE, AUDIT DELAY DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN DI BEI PERIODE 2010-2014)
Authors: Tehupuring Ronald
Published: October 2016

Corporate governance is an issue related to the practice of tax avoidance and audit delay and will impact on the value of firm. Application of corporate governance expected to mitigate the asymmetry of information and increase the confidence of shareholders. This study aimed to examine the relationship of corporate governance and tax evoidance practices and their effect on audit delay and firm value. Samples were obtained through purposive sampling and as many as 130 observations, after deducting the data outliers, the final sample of 125 observations 2010-2014 of corporate banking listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with SPSS version 17.
The results show that the first model: reputation, of KAP, audit quality, and audit committee has no effect on tax avoidance, while independent  commissioner negative effect on tax avoidance; The second model suggests that tax avoidance and independent commissioner has no effect on audit delay, while the audit committee negatively affect audit delay; The third model shows that tax avoidance (negative) and the audit committee (positive) effect on the value of firm, while the independent commissioner has not affect on value of firm.
As políticas industrial e infraestrutural durante o Governo Lula: implicações e desafios da adoção do modelo do Estado Logístico para o Brasil
Authors: Sebben Fernando Dall'Onder , Silva Pedro Perfeito da
Published: October 2016

O artigo concentra-se na análise da política industrial brasileira durante o governo Lula (2003-2010) e dos projetos associados à Iniciativa para a Integração da Infraestrutura Regional Sul-Americana (IIRSA). Em ambas, observa-se um modelo de desenvolvimento, próximo ao que denominamos Estado Logístico - tipo ideal, diferente do conceito de Amado Cervo, que surge da confluência de um alto nível de autonomia inserida com políticas de corte horizontal, as quais buscam reforçar as vantagens comparativas do sistema produtivo nacional e regional. Assim, há uma mútua influência entre as políticas, pois o sucesso da IIRSA promove a integração do mercado sul-americano com o do Pacífico, ampliando a pressão sobre a indústria brasileira, enquanto a política industrial reforça uma estrutura produtiva baseada no setor primário e na indústria tradicional, o que dificulta a integração regional.
A Coluna Prestes e as relações Brasil-Argentina na década de 1920
Authors: Xavier Mateus Fernandez
Published: October 2016

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apontar as influências da Coluna Prestes sobre a política externa brasileira da década de 1920 para a Argentina. Por meio da análise do contexto político, social, econômico e internacional do país, foi possível compreender as condicionalidades impostas à atuação externa do Brasil. A apresentação da configuração do Exército Brasileiro e dos movimentos subversivos que tiveram origem no interior dessa instituição também forneceu elementos importantes para o estabelecimento da relação existente entre a Coluna Prestes e as medidas tomadas pelas chancelarias de Félix Pacheco e, em menor medida, de Otávio Mangabeira. Por meio da correlação de dados e informações levantados foi possível perceber como o Ministério das Relações Exteriores foi utilizado como instrumento de repressão a movimentos que contestaram a ordem oligárquica da República Velha.
Water efficiency evaluation of a regional water scheme – Zhengzhou, China, using a water ecological–economic system (WEES) and based on emergy theory
Authors: Wu Zening , Guo Xi , Guan Xinjian , Lv Cuimei , Wang Huiliang
Published: October 2016

With the rapid development of society and the economy, the shortage of water resources and the deterioration of the water environment has resulted in restriction of the development of society and the protection of ecology and the environment. Consequently improving water efficiency is the key to realizing the sustainable utilization of water resources, and water efficiency evaluation is an important part of water resources management. Emergy theory aims to convert different dimensions of material and energy into solar energy, which can be analyzed and compared uniformly. Therefore, a new approach to assessing the economic efficiency of water resources, based on the water contribution to economic production, is evaluated using an emergy theory model. Water efficiency and system sustainability are explained by variables and emergy indicators in a regional water ecological–economic system (WEES) for Zhengzhou, China. The general status and economic efficiency of water resources in Zhengzhou are identified from the WEES. The average water contribution quantity and water contribution rate were 50.99 × 1020 sej and 6.13% during 2000–2011, respectively. Results also show that industrial water efficiency is higher than that of agriculture. This quantification method will help decision-makers to adjust water prices and provide better water services.
DOIS PROBLEMAS DE OPERACIONALIZAÇÃO DO ARGUMENTO DE “CAPACIDADES INSTITUCIONAIS"
Authors: Leal Fernando , Arguelhes Diego Werneck
Published: October 2016

Em um trabalho anterior, discutimos três usos do argumento de “capacidades institucionais” que, embora apresentados sob o mesmo rótulo, são na verdade coisas muito distintas. São usos da expressão – e da típica referência ao artigo seminal de Cass Sunstein e Adrian Vermeule – em sentidos que identificamos como banais, redundantes ou absurdos. Embora possam gerar argumentos válidos sob critérios quaisquer, esses usos não podem ser reconduzidos ao que esses autores chamam de análises de “capacidades institucionais”. Neste breve ensaio teórico, partimos das considerações resumidas acima para tentar atingir um objetivo distinto e complementar: o que acontece quando se tenta de fato utilizar o argumento nos termos descritos por Sunstein & Vermeule? Vamos apontar e discutir dois desafios relativos à operacionalização efetiva do argumento das “capacidades institucionais”.  O primeiro, que chamaremos de “o problema da informação”, está intrinsecamente conectado ao papel desempenhado por inputs empíricos no tipo de análises institucionais comparadas que o argumento das CIs exige. O segundo problema, que chamaremos de “o problema da observância”, aponta para um possível caráter excessivamente exigente de toda a estrutura do argumento, no momento em que se considera que ele precisa ser manipulado por tomadores reais de decisão.
Condición de copa, indicador de salud en árboles urbanos del Bosque San Juan de Aragón, Ciudad de México
Authors: Saavedra-Romero Luz de Lourdes , Alvarado-Rosales Dionicio , Hernández-de la Rosa Patricia , Martínez-Trinidad Tomás , Mora-Aguilera Gustavo , Villa-Castillo Jaime
Published: October 2016

Las áreas verdes urbanas aportan diversos servicios a la sociedad y al ambiente. El Bosque San Juan de Aragón, es una de las pocas áreas verdes al noreste de la Ciudad de México y la condición actual de su arbolado en materia de salud no se conoce con precisión. En el presente estudio se implementó y adaptó el protocolo del indicador condición de copa en 28 parcelas circulares de 0.1 ha, establecidas aleatoriamente en el bosque mencionado. A todos los árboles dentro de cada parcela, se les midió el diámetro normal (DN) y altura total (At), se determinó su clasificación taxonómica, condición de copa y densidad de plantación. Para condición de copa, seis variables fueron medidas: proporción de copa viva (Pcv), densidad de copa (Dnc), transparencia de copa (Trc), muerte regresiva (Mrg), posición de copa (Pco) y exposición a la luz (Exl). Las primeras cuatro se midieron en clases de 5% y las dos restantes a través de una escala ordinal. Se evaluaron 760 árboles, agrupados en 10 familias, 11 géneros y 12 especies. Los valores promedio para las variables de copa fueron, 56.37% Pcv, 44.38% Dnc, 4.04% Mrg y 38.4% Trc. Solo la Pcv alcanzó los estándares establecidos de salud arbórea encontrados en otros estudios, mientras que las Dnc fueron bajas y los valores de TrC y Mrg altos.
Efecto geográfico de la cubierta del suelo y el mes calendario, en la meteorología superficial e insolación de bosques de coníferas en México
Authors: Rodríguez-Moreno Víctor M. , Ruíz-Corral J. Ariel , Ramírez-Ojeda Gabriela , Pérez-Miranda Ramiro
Published: October 2016

Para evidenciar cómo influyen la localización geográfica del sitio de muestreo, la cubierta del suelo y el mes calendario en la expresión de trece indicadores indirectos de meteorología superficial y de insolación, se aplicó la técnica de re-escalamiento de datos basado en latitud para calcular el ángulo cenital en pares coordenados, en bosques de coníferas de México. Esta serie histórica de datos cubre un periodo de 22 años de registros diarios. Se definieron diez sitios de muestreo en cinco localidades geográficas con dos coberturas absolutas del suelo (bosque natural y deforestado) con frontera espacial común; esta condición de vecindad compartida fue obligada para el estudio. El análisis estadístico arrojó diferencias significativas (p < 0.05), para cobertura del suelo, sitio de muestreo y mes calendario. En la expresión de los índices, se observó un aparente efecto latitudinal de cercanía a la línea de costa lo cual parece sugerir su influencia en los índices evaluados. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren la ampliación de la base de datos para incluir datos directos de meteorología (velocidad y dirección del viento) e insolación, necesarios para caracterizar la respuesta de la cubierta del suelo para invarianza espectral según las variaciones en el flujo radiante, para las razones de reflectancia, absorbancia y transmitancia.
Étude des altérations de la couleur du bois de Chêne lors du séchage sous vide discontinu
Authors: Sandoval Torres Sadoth , Jomaa Wahbi , Marc Françoise , Puiggali Jean-Rodolphe
Published: October 2016

Une analyse des mécanismes de discoloration du bois de chêne au cours d’un séchage sous vide sur plaques nous a permis de dégager les mécanismes principaux de l´altération de la couleur. Ces mécanismes sont la dégradation des hémicelluloses, l’oxydation des tannins et le dégagement de composants volatiles organiques. Nous avons étudié les altérations du matériau par la mesure de la couleur, le dosage du potentiel antioxydant et l’analyse des surfaces par spectroscopie infrarouge. Différentes conditions de séchage : 46 °C, 61 °C et 70 °C et niveaux de pression 6 kPa - 10 kPa (60 mBar - 100 mBar) ont été appliquées. Malgré la difficulté d’étudier et d’affirmer le rôle des extractibles dans la discoloration du chêne au cours du séchage, nous avons montré des relations entre la température appliquée, les valeurs des potentiels antioxydants et les intensités C=O des spectres FTIR. Par des phénomènes d’oxydation et d’hydrolyse, certains constituants chimiques sont modifiés. En outre, la présence d’eau et d’air accélère la formation d’acides organiques (acide acétique). Ces acides catalysent l’hydrolyse des hémicelluloses. L’augmentation de la saturation et de la luminosité peuvent être liées à la dégradation thermique des extractibles (éllagitanins principalement). Estudio de las alteraciones de color en madera de encino europeo durante el secado a vacío Un análisis de los mecanismos de decoloración de la madera de encino europeo durante un proceso de secado al vacío por contacto ha permitido identificar los principales mecanismos de la alteración del color. Estos mecanismos son la degradación de las hemicelulosas, la oxidación de taninos y la pérdida de compuestos orgánicos volátiles. Se estudiaron las alteraciones del material midiendo los cambios de color, determinando el potencial antioxidante y analizando la superficie del material por espectroscopía infrarroja. Las condiciones de secado aplicadas fueron las siguientes: 46 °C, 61 °C y 70 °C a niveles de presión de 6 kPa - 10 kPa (60 mBar - 100 mBar). A pesar de la dificultad de estudiar y establecer el papel de los extractivos en los cambios de color durante el secado a vacío, en este trabajo se muestra la relación entre la temperatura de secado, los valores de potencial antioxidante y las intensidades de los picos C=O de los espectros. Por medio de mecanismos de oxidación e hidrólisis, ciertos compuestos químicos son modificados. Por otro lado, la presencia de agua y aire aceleran la formación de ácidos orgánicos (ácido acético). Estos ácidos catalizan la hidrólisis de las hemicelulosas. Un aumento de la saturación del color y la luminosidad pueden estar relacionados con la degradación térmica de los extractivos (principalmente de los elagitaninos).
Perspectivas de generación de productos turísticos a partir del patrimonio cultural: el caso de la ciudad de Bogotá (Colombia)
Authors: Bautista Gómez Martha Milena
Published: October 2016

Según los datos del Consejo Mundial del Turismo, en la actualidad más del 40% de los viajes internacionales están motivados por aspectos relacionados con la cultura (Fernández, 2010); de forma que entorno al patrimonio cultural, concebido como recurso turístico, se generan propuestas de productos turísticos creados a partir de prácticas e industrias culturales.

Desde una perspectiva cualitativa, el artículo presenta casos de generación de productos turísticos a partir de nuevas prácticas en zonas patrimoniales, o de la resignificación del patrimonio tradicional, en la ciudad de Bogotá (Colombia), reconocida por el enfoque cultural del turismo en sus centros históricos.
Asymptomatic Intradialytic Supraventricular Arrhythmias and Adverse Outcomes in Patients on Hemodialysis
Authors: Verde Eduardo , Pérez de Prado Armando , López-Gómez Juan M. , Quiroga Borja , Goicoechea Marian , García-Prieto Ana , Torres Esther , Reque Javier , Luño José
Published: October 2016

Background and objectives

Supraventricular arrhythmias are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Nevertheless, this condition has received little attention in patients on hemodialysis. The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of intradialysis supraventricular arrhythmia and its long–term prognostic value.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We designed an observational and prospective study in a cohort of patients on hemodialysis with a 10-year follow-up period. All patients were recruited for study participation and were not recruited for clinical indications. The study population comprised 77 patients (42 men and 35 women; mean age =58±15 years old) with sinus rhythm monitored using a Holter electrocardiogram over six consecutive hemodialysis sessions at recruitment.

Results

Hypertension was present in 68.8% of patients, and diabetes was present in 29.9% of patients. Supraventricular arrhythmias were recorded in 38 patients (49.3%); all of these were short, asymptomatic, and self-limiting. Age (hazard ratio, 1.04 per year; 95% confidence interval, 1.00 to 1.08) and right atrial enlargement (hazard ratio, 4.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.30 to 14.09) were associated with supraventricular arrhythmia in the multivariate analysis. During a median follow-up of 40 months, 57 patients died, and cardiovascular disease was the main cause of death (52.6%). The variables associated with all-cause mortality in the Cox model were age (hazard ratio, 1.04 per year; 95% confidence interval, 1.00 to 1.08), C-reactive protein (hazard ratio, 1.04 per 1 mg/L; 95% confidence interval, 1.00 to 1.08), and supraventricular arrhythmia (hazard ratio, 3.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.29 to 7.96). Patients with supraventricular arrhythmia also had a higher risk of nonfatal cardiovascular events (hazard ratio, 4.32; 95% confidence interval, 2.11 to 8.83) and symptomatic atrial fibrillation during follow-up (hazard ratio, 17.19; 95% confidence interval, 2.03 to 145.15).

Conclusions

The incidence of intradialysis supraventricular arrhythmia was high in our hemodialysis study population. Supraventricular arrhythmias were short, asymptomatic, and self-limiting, and although silent, these arrhythmias were independently associated with mortality and cardiovascular events.
Effect of carbon nanotubes on the properties of pmb and asphalt concrete
Authors: Shekhovtsova Svetlana Yur’evna , Vysotskaya Marina Alekseevna
Published: October 2016

In the modern world nanotechnologies are an integral part of successful and progressive development of all the areas of activity. Materials science is not an exception. The authors studied the method of nanomodification and its influence on the performance properties of polymer-modified binder (PMB) and asphalt concrete, produced on their basis. It is established that nanomodified PMB are less susceptible to aging, which is a consequence of the processes of peptization of asphalt-resin complexes (ARC) in the structure of the modified binder and the crosslinking with the polymer matrix. It is revealed that nanotubes (SWCN or MWCN) used as a modifier, act as crosslinking agent and the inhibitor of the aging process in a PMB. The influence of nanomodified PMB on strength and deformation properties of asphalt concrete is investigated. It was found out that the use of modified binder in the asphalt concrete mixtures enhances the water resistance of asphalt concrete, heat resistance and shear-resistance.
Numerical modeling of sedimentation of terrigenous material in estuarine areas of rivers
Authors: Degtyarev Vladimir Vladimirovich , Ershov Dmitriy Igorevich
Published: October 2016

This article considers some aspects and common problems associated with the organization of parallel calculations in the problems of hydrodynamics. As an example the authors consider the calculation problem of the velocity field in the area of river and sea water mixing and the simulation of sedimentation of terrigenous material.
INVESTMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ROAD-BUILD MEANS, AUTOMATIC AND INFORMATIONAL SYSTEMS TO INCREASE TRAFFIC SAFETY IN VEHICLE SYSTEMS
Authors: Shirokov Lev Alekseevich , Shirokova Ol’ga L’vovna , Palaguta Konstantin Alekseevich
Published: October 2016

The modern transport system is a complex integrated object, which includes various road pavements, different technical means to provide vehicles motion, organizational systems of traffic management. In the contemporary conditions of construction industry functioning the task to create vehicle systems is of a great economic importance. Great labour and material resources are used for production of transport means for providing construction works and operation of these means. The authors consider the questions of theoretical and informational foundation development for the formation of the criteria basis of investment optimization task during construction of automatical and informational systems for increase of traffic safety in transport systems, providing zero accident rate.
Impact of dentures on oral health-related quality of life
Authors: Gnjato Sanja
Published: October 2016

Introduction. Stomatoprothetic dentures are one of the factors of oral health
and life quality of people of all ages. The aim of the paper is to make a
connection between the oral health quality and quality of life on one side
and the type of denture on the other. Material and Methods. This research
study was conducted on the sample of 360 patients singled out in three
numerically identical groups as follows: group I - patients treated with
fixed dentures, group II - patients treated with mobile dentures, and group
III - patients treated with both fixed and mobile dentures. The oral health
quality was observed via five parameters: anamnestic data, symptoms of
ill-functioning of basic functions in stomatogenic system (chewing and
speech), extra oral examination, intraoral examination, and dental abilities.
For some oral health quality parameters, the index of quality was determined.
Results. Analyses of our three target groups of patients indicated that the
patients from group I (treated with fixed dentures) suffered the least
negative effects in line with the observed parameters; they are followed by
patients from group III (combined dentures) and patients from group II
(mobile dentures), respectively. Conclusion. Our research study showed that
some oral health parameters have different impacts on health and life quality
in patients treated with different stomatoprosthetic dentures.
Editorial Notes
Authors: Khattri Man Bahadur
Published: October 2016

Acknowledgements.
Cancer Cell Colonisation in the Bone Microenvironment
Authors: Kan Casina , Vargas Geoffrey , Pape François , Clézardin Philippe
Published: October 2016

Bone metastases are a common complication of epithelial cancers, of which breast, prostate and lung carcinomas are the most common. The establishment of cancer cells to distant sites such as the bone microenvironment requires multiple steps. Tumour cells can acquire properties to allow epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, extravasation and migration. Within the bone metastatic niche, disseminated tumour cells may enter a dormancy stage or proliferate to adapt and survive, interacting with bone cells such as hematopoietic stem cells, osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Cross-talk with the bone may alter tumour cell properties and, conversely, tumour cells may also acquire characteristics of the surrounding microenvironment, in a process known as osteomimicry. Alternatively, these cells may also express osteomimetic genes that allow cell survival or favour seeding to the bone marrow. The seeding of tumour cells in the bone disrupts bone-forming and bone-resorbing activities, which can lead to macrometastasis in bone. At present, bone macrometastases are incurable with only palliative treatment available. A better understanding of how these processes influence the early onset of bone metastasis may give insight into potential therapies. This review will focus on the early steps of bone colonisation, once disseminated tumour cells enter the bone marrow.
Nonlinear Changes in Land Cover and Sediment Runoff in a New Zealand Catchment Dominated by Plantation Forestry and Livestock Grazing
Authors: Kamarinas Ioannis , Julian Jason , Hughes Andrew , Owsley Braden , De Beurs Kirsten
Published: October 2016

Land cover can change frequently on intensively managed landscapes, affecting water quality across different spatiotemporal scales. Multi-resolution datasets are necessary in order to assess the extent and trends of these changes, as well as potential cross-scale interactions. In this study, both spatial and temporal analyses of land disturbance (i.e., soil exposure from vegetation removal) and water quality were performed on datasets ranging from daily to yearly time scales. Time-series analyses of land disturbance were compared against the water quality variables of total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, and visual clarity for the Hoteo River catchment on the North Island of New Zealand for the 2000–2013 period. During forest harvest and recovery phases, exotic forests were the dominant disturbance, up to ﬁve times the area of grassland disturbance; while after recovery, grasslands assumed the dominant role, for up to 16 times the area of forest disturbance. Time-series of TSS from ﬁeld sampling (2000–2013) and TSS-event analyses (2012–2014) displayed distinct nonlinear patterns, suggesting that after major events, sediment that is stored in the landscape is exhausted and a period of sediment build-up follows until the next major event. Time-series analyses also showed a connection between trends in connected land disturbance and visual water clarity, with connected disturbance having the potential to be a water quality indicator. Future research should be conducted at even ﬁner spatiotemporal scales over longer periods in order to identify effects of localized land disturbances on downstream water quality.
miR-935 Promotes Liver Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration by Targeting SOX7
Authors: Liu Xiaorui , Li Jingjing , Yu Zujiang , Li Juan , Sun Ranran , Kan Quancheng
Published: October 2016

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common cancer in the world. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of small noncoding RNA that can regulate the expression of target genes under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Aberrant expression of microRNA-935 (miR-935) has been
reported in cancer studies. However, its expression and mechanism in HCC remain unclear. In our study, we found that miR-935 was upregulated in liver cancer tissues and cells. Overexpression of miR-935 in liver cells promoted cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, and cell cycle progression, whereas
inhibition of miR-935 reduced cell proliferation, tumorigenicity, and cell cycle progression. These changes in the properties of HCC cells were associated with upregulation of two well-known cellular G1/S transitional regulators: cyclin D1 and c-Myc. Additionally, we identified
SOX7 as a direct target of miR-935. Overexpression of miR-935 inhibited SOX7 expression but promoted the levels of c-Myc and cyclin D1, which promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenesis; knockdown of miR-935 increased SOX7 level and inhibited c-Myc and cyclin D1 expression, whereas SOX7
silencing could promote cell proliferation, cell motility, and invasiveness in vitro. Our findings suggest that miR-935 represents a biomarker and a potential new target in HCC progression by suppressing SOX7 expression.
LIGHTING THE DARK MOLECULAR GAS: H2 AS A DIRECT TRACER
Authors: Togi Aditya , Smith J. D. T.
Published: October 2016

Robust knowledge of molecular gas mass is critical for understanding star formation in galaxies. The

molecule does not emit efficiently in the cold interstellar medium, hence the molecular gas content of galaxies is typically inferred using indirect tracers. At low metallicity and in other extreme environments, these tracers can be subject to substantial biases. We present a new method of estimating total molecular gas mass in galaxies directly from pure mid-infrared rotational

emission. By assuming a power-law distribution of

rotational temperatures, we can accurately model

excitation and reliably obtain warm (T ≳ 100 K)

gas masses by varying only the power law’s slope. With sensitivities typical of Spitzer/IRS, we are able to directly probe the

content via rotational emission down to ∼80 K, accounting for ∼15% of the total molecular gas mass in a galaxy. By extrapolating the fitted power-law temperature distributions to a calibrated single lower cutoff temperature, the model also recovers the total molecular content within a factor of ∼2.2 in a diverse sample of galaxies, and a subset of broken power-law models performs similarly well. In ULIRGs, the fraction of warm

gas rises with dust temperature, with some dependency on α
CO. In a sample of five low-metallicity galaxies ranging down to

, the model yields molecular masses up to ∼100× larger than implied by CO, in good agreement with other methods based on dust mass and star formation depletion timescale. This technique offers real promise for assessing molecular content in the early universe where CO and dust-based methods may fail.
TRIGGERING SUBLIMATION-DRIVEN ACTIVITY OF MAIN BELT COMETS
Authors: Haghighipour N. , Maindl T. I. , Schäfer C. , Speith R. , Dvorak R.
Published: October 2016

It has been suggested that the comet-like activity of main belt comets (MBCs) is due to the sublimation of sub-surface water–ice that has been exposed as a result of their surfaces being impacted by meter-sized bodies. We have examined the viability of this scenario by simulating impacts between meter-sized and kilometer-sized objects using a smooth particle hydrodynamics approach. Simulations have been carried out for different values of the impact velocity and impact angle, as well as different target material and water-mass fractions. Results indicate that for the range of impact velocities corresponding to those in the asteroid belt, the depth of an impact crater is slightly larger than 10 m, suggesting that if the activation of MBCs is due to the sublimation of sub-surface water–ice, this ice has to exist no deeper than a few meters from the surface. Results also show that ice exposure occurs in the bottom and on the interior surface of impact craters, as well as on the surface of the target where some of the ejected icy inclusions are re-accreted. While our results demonstrate that the impact scenario is indeed a viable mechanism to expose ice and trigger the activity of MBCs, they also indicate that the activity of the current MBCs is likely due to ice sublimation from multiple impact sites and/or the water contents of these objects (and other asteroids in the outer asteroid belt) is larger than the 5% that is traditionally considered in models of terrestrial planet formation, providing more ice for sublimation. We present the details of our simulations and discuss their results and implications.
THE SEARCH FOR SIGNATURES OF TRANSIENT MASS LOSS IN ACTIVE STARS
Authors: Crosley M. K. , Osten R. A. , Broderick J. W. , Corbel S. , J. Eislöffel  , Grießmeier J.-M. , Leeuwen J. van , Rowlinson A. , Zarka P. , Norman C.
Published: October 2016

The habitability of an exoplanet depends on many factors. One such factor is the impact of stellar eruptive events on nearby exoplanets. Currently this is poorly constrained due to heavy reliance on solar scaling relationships and a lack of experimental evidence. Potential impacts of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), which are the large eruption of magnetic field and plasma from a star, are space weather and atmospheric stripping. A method for observing CMEs as they travel though the stellar atmosphere is the type II radio burst, and the new Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) provides a means of detection. We report on 15 hr of observation of YZ Canis Minoris (YZ CMi), a nearby M dwarf flare star, taken in LOFAR’s beam-formed observation mode for the purposes of measuring transient frequency-dependent low-frequency radio emission. The observations utilized the Low Band Antenna (10–90 MHz) or High Band Antenna (110–190 MHz) for five three-hour observation periods. In this data set, there were no confirmed type II events in this frequency range. We explore the range of parameter space for type II bursts constrained by our observations. Assuming the rate of shocks is a lower limit to the rate at which CMEs occur, no detections in a total of 15 hr of observation places a limit of

shocks/hr ≤ ν
CME for YZ CMi due to the stochastic nature of the events and the limits of observational sensitivity. We propose a methodology to interpret jointly observed flares and CMEs which will provide greater constraints to CMEs and test the applicability of solar scaling relations.