bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Curcumin-C3 Complexed with α-, β-cyclodextrin Exhibits Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties Suitable for Cancer Treatments
Authors: Reddy Desu N. K. , Kumar Ramya , Wang Shao-Pin , Huang Fu-Yung
Published: October 2019

Background:

The curcumin-C3 (cur-C3) complex obtained from Curcuma longa rhizome is a combination
of three curcuminoids, namely, curcumin, dimethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Cur and curcuminoids
have been extensively researched for their wide range of therapeutic properties against inflammatory diseases,
diabetes, and cancer.

Objective:

In spite of their extensive medicinal properties, cur and curcuminoids have poor solubility and bioavailability
due to their hydrophobicity. This limitation can be overcome by complexing cur-C3 with natural cyclic oligosaccharides,
such as Cyclodextrin (CD).

Methods:

In this study, cur-C3 and CD (α, β) inclusion complexes (ICs) were prepared with different molar ratios
and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and
transmission electron microscopy.

Results:

The cur-C3 cyclodextrin ICs showed an increased entrapment efficiency of 97.8% and improved antioxidant
activity compared to cur and can be used as an antioxidant to reduce cancer-related oxidative stress. Additionally, α-
CD ICs of curcumin-C3 caused an increase in growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that both α- and β-CDs are suitable carriers for cur-C3 and can be used as an effective
treatment for cancer-associated oxidative stress and as a preventive treatment for nosocomial infections and
pneumonia.
The Role of MicroRNAs in Lung Cancer: Implications for Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Naeli Parisa , Yousefi Fatemeh , Ghasemi Younes , Savardashtaki Amir , Mirzaei Hamed
Published: October 2019

:

Lung cancer is the first cause of cancer death in the world due to its high
prevalence, aggressiveness, late diagnosis, lack of effective treatment and poor
prognosis. It also shows high rate of recurrence, metastasis and drug resistance. All
these problems highlight the urgent needs for developing new strategies using noninvasive
biomarkers for early detection, metastasis and recurrence of disease.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene
expression post-transcriptionally. These molecules found to be abnormally expressed in
increasing number of human disease conditions including cancer. miRNAs could be
detected in body fluids such as blood, serum, urine and sputum, which leads us towards
the idea of using them as non-invasive biomarker for cancer detection and monitoring
cancer treatment and recurrence. miRNAs are found to be deregulated in lung cancer
initiation and progression and could regulate lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion.
In this review, we summarized recent progress and discoveries in microRNAs regulatory
role in lung cancer initiation and progression. In addition, the role of microRNAs in EGFR
signaling pathway regulation is discussed briefly.
Modeling Neuronal Diseases in Zebrafish in the Era of CRISPR
Authors: Espino-Saldaña Angeles Edith , Rodríguez-Ortiz Roberto , Pereida-Jaramillo Elizabeth , Martínez-Torres Ataúlfo
Published: October 2019

Background:

Danio rerio is a powerful experimental model for studies in genetics and development. Recently, CRISPR technology has been applied in this species to mimic various human diseases, including those affecting the nervous system. Zebrafish offer multiple experimental advantages: external embryogenesis, rapid development, transparent embryos, short life cycle, and basic neurobiological processes shared with humans. This animal model, together with the CRISPR system, emerging imaging technologies, and novel behavioral approaches, lay the basis for a prominent future in neuropathology and will undoubtedly accelerate our understanding of brain function and its disorders.

Objective:

Gather relevant findings from studies that have used CRISPR technologies in zebrafish to explore basic neuronal function and model human diseases.

Method:

We systematically reviewed the most recent literature about CRISPR technology applications for understanding brain function and neurological disorders in D. rerio. We highlighted the key role of CRISPR in driving forward our understanding of particular topics in neuroscience.

Results:

We show specific advances in neurobiology when the CRISPR system has been applied in zebrafish and describe how CRISPR is accelerating our understanding of brain organization.

Conclusion:

Today, CRISPR is the preferred method to modify genomes of practically any living organism. Despite the rapid development of CRISPR technologies to generate disease models in zebrafish, more efforts are needed to efficiently combine different disciplines to find the etiology and treatments for many brain diseases.
Prevalence and Associates of Foot Deformities among Patients with Diabetes in Jordan
Authors: Ababneh Anas , Bakri Faris G. , Khader Yousef , Lazzarini Peter , Ajlouni Kamel
Published: October 2019

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, people with foot deformities,
among patients with diabetes in Jordan.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1000 diabetic participants recruited from the National
Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics in Jordan. Participants had their feet clinically
examined to detect the following foot deformity outcomes: Hallux valgus, claw/hammer toe, prominent
metatarsal heads, limited joint mobility, pes cavus, Charcot foot, and amputations. Sociodemographic
and health variables were also collected from participants’ interviews, medical records, or clinical examination.
Logistic regression was used to analyse associations between variables and each foot deformity
outcome.

Results:

Of the 1000 diabetic patients: Hallux valgus was found in 17.4%, claw\hammer toe in 16%,
prominent metatarsal head in 14.2%, limited joint mobility in 9.4%, pes cavus in 3.2%, Charcot foot in
2.1%, and amputations in 1.7%. Hallux valgus was associated with gender (p=0.012), age (p<0.01) and
shoe choices (p=0.031); claw\hammer toe was associated with age (p=0.04), retinopathy (p<0.001), sensory
and painful neuropathy (p<0.001); limited joint mobility was associated with age only (p=0.001);
Charcot foot was associated with glycemic control (p=0.016), hypertension (p<0.000), sensory neuropathy
(p<0.001), and painful neuropathy (p<0.001); and, amputations were associated with duration of
diabetes (p<0.043), sensory neuropathy (p=0.001), and painful neuropathy (p=0.001).

Conclusion:

Prevalence of different foot deformities in Jordan variedbetween 1.7% - 17.4%. Sociodemographic
factors such as age, gender and shoes choices or presence of diabetes-related microvascular
complications (neuropathy and retinopathy) or hypertension were independently associated with foot
deformities among the Jordanian diabetic population.
Analyzing Nursing Students’ Relation to Electronic Health and Technology as Individuals and Students and in Their Future Career (the eNursEd Study): Protocol for a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Anderberg Peter , Björling Gunilla , Stjernberg Louise , Bohman Doris
Published: October 2019

Background

The nursing profession has undergone several changes in the past decades, and new challenges are to come in the future; patients are now cared for in their home, hospitals are more specialized, and primary care will have a key role. Health informatics is essential in all core competencies in nursing. From an educational perspective, it is of great importance that students are prepared for the new demands and needs of the patients. From a societal point of view, the society, health care included, is facing several challenges related to technological developments and digitization. Preparation for the next decade of nursing education and practice must be done, without the advantage of certainty. A training for not-yet-existing technologies where educators should not be limited by present practice paradigms is desirable. This study presents the design, method, and protocol for a study that investigates undergraduate nursing students’ internet use, knowledge about electronic health (eHealth), and attitudes to technology and how experiences of eHealth are handled during the education in a multicenter study.

Objective

The primary aim of this research project is to describe the design of a longitudinal study and a qualitative substudy consisting of the following aspects that explore students’ knowledge about and relation to technology and eHealth: (1) what pre-existing knowledge and interest of this area the nursing students have and (2) how (and if) is it present in their education, (3) how do the students perceive this knowledge in their future career role, and (4) to what extent is the education capable of managing this knowledge?

Methods

The study consists of two parts: a longitudinal study and a qualitative substudy. Students from the BSc in Nursing program from the Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden, and from the Swedish Red Cross University College, Stockholm/Huddinge, Sweden, were included in this study.

Results

The study is ongoing. Data analysis is currently underway, and the first results are expected to be published in 2019.

Conclusions

This study presents the design of a longitudinal study and a qualitative substudy. The eHealth in Nursing Education eNursEd study will answer several important questions about nursing students’ attitudes toward and use of information and communications technology in their private life, their education, and their emerging profession. Knowledge from this study will be used to compare different nursing programs and students’ knowledge about and relation to technology and eHealth. Results will also be communicated back to nursing educators to improve the teaching of eHealth, health informatics, and technology.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/14643
Occupation Coding of Job Titles: Iterative Development of an Automated Coding Algorithm for the Canadian National Occupation Classification (ACA-NOC) (Preprint)
Authors: Bao Hongchang , Baker Christopher J O , Adisesh Anil
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

In many research studies, the identification of social determinants is an important activity, in particular, information about occupations is frequently added to existing patient data. Such information is usually solicited during interviews with open-ended questions such as “What is your job?” and “What industry sector do you work in?” Before being able to use this information for further analysis, the responses need to be categorized using a coding system, such as the Canadian National Occupational Classification (NOC). Manual coding is the usual method, which is a time-consuming and error-prone activity, suitable for automation.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to facilitate automated coding by introducing a rigorous algorithm that will be able to identify the NOC (2016) codes using only job title and industry information as input. Using manually coded data sets, we sought to benchmark and iteratively improve the performance of the algorithm.

METHODS

We developed the ACA-NOC algorithm based on the NOC (2016), which allowed users to match NOC codes with job and industry titles. We employed several different search strategies in the ACA-NOC algorithm to find the best match, including exact search, minor exact search, like search, near (same order) search, near (different order) search, any search, and weak match search. In addition, a filtering step based on the hierarchical structure of the NOC data was applied to the algorithm to select the best matching codes.

RESULTS

The ACA-NOC was applied to over 500 manually coded job and industry titles. The accuracy rate at the four-digit NOC code level was 58.7% (332/566) and improved when broader job categories were considered (65.0% at the three-digit NOC code level, 72.3% at the two-digit NOC code level, and 81.6% at the one-digit NOC code level).

CONCLUSIONS

The ACA-NOC is a rigorous algorithm for automatically coding the Canadian NOC system and has been evaluated using real-world data. It allows researchers to code moderate-sized data sets with occupation in a timely and cost-efficient manner such that further analytics are possible. Initial assessments indicate that it has state-of-the-art performance and is readily extensible upon further benchmarking on larger data sets.
SAMPLE-A RAW DATA FOR FUTURE INFORMATION OF LIFE
Authors: AISHWARYA A. , SELVAM VIJAYKUMAR , NANCY A.
Published: October 2019

Gene amplification requires a biological sample which is collected prior to the demands. The sample for such analysis plays a vital role as they serve as a resource for the core material-Deoxyribonucleic acid. A sample for gene amplification or any analysis would be collected prior to the demands and type of analysis. Human blood has been an essential resource of DNA from the commencement of DNA extraction in the 19th century. After then several protocols developed according to the requirement of both samples of different forms and their retrieval as various forms and methods. The sample has various characteristics and prerequisites when collected for gene analysis. Some important characteristics of sample collection methods are significant, which are not widely taken. This work analyses various general sample collection protocols and highlights some of the major characteristics and prerequisites for the sample. This work initiates and delivers to attain the core of genomics by bringing out the basic raw materials importance and consequences on amplification which is highly sensitive.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FORMULATION VARIABLES ON RELEASE CHARACTERISTICS OF GASTRO-FLOATING MICROSPHERES OF ETHYL CELLULOSE/CARBOPOL 934P ENCAPSULATING SORAFENIB
Authors: AHMED MAHMOUD M.
Published: October 2019

Objective: The aim of this study is to prepare floating hollow microspheres encapsulating Sorafenib (SFN) to enhance its oral bioavailability. 

Methods: Gastro-floating hollow adhesive microspheres containing SFN were produced by using an emulsion solvent evaporation technique with ether and ethanol as solvents. Ethyl cellulose and carbopol 934P were used as the encapsulating carriers. The effects of formulation parameters like, solvent volume ratio, and drug to polymer ratio (D: P ratio), encapsulation eﬃciency percentage EE%, floating percentage, and release of SFN after 12 h (Rel12) were investigated and analyzed using a (32) full factorial design.

Results: The floating percentage of the microspheres was found to be 76.5%. The in vitro drug release from these hollow microspheres followed the Higuchi model equation. The in vivo results showed that approximately 1.96-fold improvement in the relative bioavailability of the microspheres compared with that of the commercial tablet. 

Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the hollow microspheres with good gastro-floating ability are a promising delivery system to enhance SFN bioavailability.
Experiencias en micro y nano escalas para niños y jóvenes
Authors: Rodríguez Pinto Darwin D. , Ávila Bernal Alba G.
Published: October 2019

Un nuevo laboratorio de nanotecnología donde niñas, niños y jóvenes aprenden sobre el micro y nano mundo abre sus puertas para motivar el aprendizaje de escalas, caracterización de materiales y técnicas de fabricación. Con la implementación de estrategias pedagógicas: un hacer práctico y un entender teórico, el uso de múltiples analogías comparativas con situaciones de su vida diaria y exploración de la naturaleza, en actividades interactivas se forma y capacita desde temprana edad a una masa semilla para el apoyo del avance científico en Colombia.
La terapia a nanoescala: ensamblaje de estructuras liberadoras de fármacos
Authors: Alcalá-Alcalá Sergio , Quintanar-Guerrero David
Published: October 2019

RESUMEN: La nanotecnología es una ciencia que posee grandes expectativas en diversas áreas, pues contempla la obtención de bloques de materia muy pequeños, creados a nivel molecular o atómico, para el desarrollo de nuevos dispositivos o materiales con propiedades mejoradas. Una de las aplicaciones más prometedoras de la nanotecnología es la nanomedicina, la cual involucra el desarrollo de nanosistemas diseñados para monitorear la salud, liberar fármacos, curar enfermedades o reparar tejidos. Respecto a la liberación de fármacos, ésta se ha asentado en el antiguo concepto de la “bala mágica”, en el que se establece una búsqueda de diminutas partículas o nanoacarreadores capaces de dirigir sustancias activas al sitio donde son requeridas, con el objetivo de mantener y controlar la entrega del fármaco en tiempo y espacio. La intensa investigación de las últimas tres décadas ha demostrado que los nanoacarreadores cumplen con esas expectativas y representan una mejor respuesta para atender las necesidades terapéuticas actuales.
Nanotecnología en procesos ambientales y remediación de la contaminación
Authors: Vazquez-Duhalt Rafael
Published: October 2019

El desarrollo de la nanotecnología ha abierto muchas oportunidades para la transformación de los procesos productivos. Sabiendo que los grandes retos de la humanidad son el de tener procesos productivos amigables al ambiente y energéticamente económicos, es de esperarse que la introducción de la nanotecnología contribuirá al cumplimiento de estas dos metas. Sin embargo, en la actualidad la sociedad sigue contaminando el ambiente poniendo en riesgo los diferentes ecosistemas y su misma salud. Existe la imperiosa necesidad de reducir, ver eliminar, el daño al ambiente y de limpiar y restaurar los sitios ya contaminados. En esta impostergable tarea, la nanotecnología tiene aún algo que decir y sobre todo hacer.
El derecho constitucional a la igualdad retributiva
Authors: Soberanes Díez José María
Published: October 2019

Este trabajo tiene por objeto analizar el contenido y alcances del derecho a la igualdad retributiva reconocido por la Constitución, así como el procedimiento racional que ha de seguirse para poder determinar cuándo se vulnera este derecho.
Hacia la medición de la distribución del liderazgo en escuelas efectivas y vulnerables en Chile
Authors: Maureira Cabrera Óscar , Garay Sergio
Published: October 2019

Una cuarta parte de la variabilidad de los logros escolares podría atribuirse a la calidad del liderazgo directivo, especialmente si éste es instructivo; adicionalmente, diversos estudios sostienen que cuando el liderazgo es distribuido, dichos logros aumentan. A pesar de ello, los estudios en Chile y en Iberoamérica sobre tal concepción son escasos, y es más precaria aún la existencia de instrumentos de medición de tal constructo. En este artículo se analiza la fiabilidad y validez de las escalas elaboradas para un cuestionario multidimensional de la distribución del liderazgo basadas en una muestra de 51 escuelas primarias chilenas de alta vulnerabilidad, que en tres periodos consecutivos lograron destacar entre sus similares. Los resultados constatan una satisfactoria confiabilidad, medida por alfa de Cronbach, en tanto que los análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios indican que la mayoría de los ítems se agrupan en un factor por escala.
La construcción del derecho a la educación en México
Authors: Barba Casillas José Bonifacio
Published: October 2019

El objetivo del texto es exponer la construcción del derecho a la educación en México en el marco de las transiciones del país y la formación del Estado constitucional. Se parte de una comprensión de la cultura y se distinguen cuatro transiciones en el país. Se analiza la historia constitucional y, en ella, los hitos significativos de la legislación secundaria. Se concluye que México se ha formado con fundamento en el proyecto de Estado democrático de derechos y que en las transiciones del país la educación ha sido un elemento clave del proyecto de nación; así mismo, se sostiene que la legislación educativa, al tiempo que muestra variantes en diversos momentos de reestructuración del proyecto nacional, en el presente recoge valores fundamentales de la herencia histórica y ofrece una perspectiva renovada de la tarea del Estado como garante del derecho a la educación.
Segmentación entre educación técnica y académica en escuelas secundarias integradas
Authors: Sevilla María-Paola , Sepúlveda Leandro
Published: October 2019

El modelo de escuelas secundarias integradas o polivalentes es una opción de organización escolar presente en los sistemas educativos de América Latina que congrega en un mismo entorno institucional la oferta tradicional de tipo académica y la educación técnica profesional. A partir de material cualitativo, este artículo analiza la experiencia de cuatro establecimientos polivalentes en Santiago de Chile, e identifica las estrategias institucionales de organización y distribución de los estudiantes entre ambas alternativas formativas. Si bien los hallazgos sugieren que el modelo polivalente no logra modificar sustancialmente la segmentación existente en el sistema en su conjunto, es posible rescatar estrategias para resolver esta dualidad, principalmente aquéllas destinadas a favorecer un mayor equilibrio en la valoración de la oferta académica y técnico profesional, que pueden resultar de gran relevancia para propiciar sistemas educativos más integrados y que reconozcan y canalicen los diferentes intereses y aspiraciones de los estudiantes.
Orphan drug designation in Europe-Procedural guidance and challenges
Authors: Nicolodi Christina
Published: October 2019

The European legislative framework on orphan medicinal products was implemented to stimulate the development of medicinal products against rare diseases and to ensure the patient’s adequate access to qualitative and specific treatment methods. Between 2000 and 2018 3210 orphan drug designation applications were submitted in Europe of which 2121 orphan designations have been issued by the European Commission. (1) Though the definitions for orphan medicinal products and the regulatory procedures are well defined, a high degree of regulatory knowledge is needed and strategic decisions on the development program must be considered at a very early stage of development: in fact, only 164 of the 2121 designated orphan development products have resulted in authorised orphan medicinal products since the orphan legislation was implemented.

In this article, the requirements and procedures for the orphan designation application and maintenance at the time of marketing authorisation application are discussed in the context of the European Regulation.
Regulatory architecture of biosimilars in Singapore: A critical overview
Authors: Kalva Soundarya Reddy , Kalva Sahitya Reddy , Gumme Sudheer Kumar
Published: October 2019

A Biosimilar medicine is a medicine which is similar to a biological medicine that has already been authorized (the „biological reference medicine‟). The expiration of the patents on many biological products has prompted the development of these products as similar biological products. The European Medicinal Agency (EMEA) has done a commendable job at creating the regulatory path to facilitate approval of biosimilars. The Health Product Act requires all medicinal products sold in Singapore and manufactured locally for export to be licensed with the Health Products Regulation Group, Health Science Authority (HAS). Biosimilar products are eligible for the New Drug Application (NDA-2 and NDA-3) application types. The Biosimilar product should be evaluated and approved by at least one of HAS‟s reference agencies namely Australia, Health Canada, Europe, United States. Approved biosimilars must be demonstrated, through extensive characterization and appropriate clinical trials, to be as safe and effective as originators for the benefit of patients.
O TERRITÓRIO SAGRADO PANKARARÉ NA CIÊNCIA DO AMARO
Authors: Tomáz Alzení De Freitas , Marques Juracy
Published: October 2019

Os Pankararé, situados no Raso da Catarina, Bahia, na região do Semiárido brasileiro, constituem uma das etnias mais antigas do Rio São Francisco e foram chamados em tempo pretéritos de índios dos Currais dos Bois. A pesquisa com bases etnográficas e cartografia social, técnicas de geoprocessamento, iconografias e fotografias, investigou o território sagrado composto por valores simbólicos na “ciência do índio” por meio da dança do Toré, do ritual dos Praiás e da Mesa da Ciência, os quais constituem elementos simbólicos da etnicidade Pankararé e sustentam a capacidade de resistência na luta pelo território, sob a negligência do Estado que mantém a presença de posseiros no território indígena sob pretexto que estes, já “assimilados”, não poderiam ter terras demarcadas. Uma das razões estava associada à criação da Estação Ecológica do Raso da Catarina, bem como a manutenção de sistemas agrários duvidosos. A dívida histórica do Estado para com os Pankararé remete ao problema da desintrusão de não indígenas, à ampliação do território e autorização para o acesso a lugares sagrados, como mecanismo de manutenção de uma memória holística, identidade e tradições Pankararé.
Brinquedos óticos ensinando design: a evolução de uma atividade
Authors: Cruz Gabriel Filipe Santiago , Couto Rita Maria de Souza , Ribeiro Flavia Nizia da Fonseca
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo, apresentado como trabalho no I Seminário Brasileiro de Estudos em Animação,  propõe dar continuidade a divulgação dos resultados obtidos na pesquisa da Tese Briquedos óticos animados e o Ensino de Design e ao artigo de mesmo nome publicado na revista Educação Gráfica ed. 21 de abril de 2017, que propõe uma metodologia interdisciplinar para a criação de objetos óticos, que possa ser utilizada como material didático no ensino de Design. Para isso foi proposta uma metodologia de pesquisa-ação, onde foi realizada em sala de aula uma atividade que consiste no desenvolvimento de releitura dos chamados brinquedos óticos criados entre os séculos XVII e XIX e que são considerados os antecedentes do cinema de animação. Tal atividade trouxe desafios aos estudantes de design que vivendo imersos na tecnologia digital, apresentam resistência ao uso de tecnologias analogicas na vida acadêmica e profissional. Este trabalho descreve a metodologia aplicada a pesquisa e apresenta algumas das propostas realizadas após a primeira experiência previa ja publicada.
O código He-Man: um desenho animado forjado em um banco de dados analógico
Authors: Bozzetti Augusto Ramos
Published: October 2019

A voracidade da televisão constrange os objetos que nela circulam a enormes limitações de prazo e orçamento, obrigando-os a estratégias de organização peculiares. No caso dos desenhos animados, sua natureza codificada, com base na descontinuidade e modularidade, se dá a ver de forma muito mais clara do que em outras mídias. A série de animação “Me-Man e os Defensores do Universo”, produzida em um período de enorme aquecimento mercadológico, como forma de suprir uma demanda até certo ponto incompatível com sua técnica artesanal e analógica, lança mão de uma espécie de banco de dados que vai ser fundamental para alimentar suas narrativas. Este trabalho propõe analisar esse banco na tentativa de perceber como ele se organiza e de que forma essa organização pode ajudar a entender a própria natureza dos desenhos animados, em oposição ao cinema tradicional.
Israel defense forces strategy (2015): reflexos da aliança de Estados Unidos e Israel na atual política declaratória de defesa de Israel
Authors: Loose Júlia
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo primário a análise exploratória do documento da Política Declaratória de Defesa de Israel, divulgada ao público pela primeira vez na história do Estado (2015). Como objetivo secundário, busca-se analisar o reflexo da aliança histórica de Estados Unidos e Israel na Política de Defesa israelense, objetivando o recorte analítico quanto à interpretação do país no que tange a definição do inimigo. Em face deste cenário parte-se do seguinte problema de pesquisa: Qual o papel dos Estados Unidos na construção da atual política declaratória de defesa de Israel no que tange a identificação de ameaças? A hipótese inicial considera que as ameaças identificadas por Israel são produto da aliança histórica e congruência de interesses de ambos países para o Sistema Regional do Oriente Médio. Argumenta-se que a congruência de interesses de Estados Unidos e Israel se traduzem na estratégia de alinhamento de balanceamento regional. Para melhor compreensão ao leitor, a estrutura do texto se divide em duas seções que correspondem aos objetivos do trabalho: inicialmente analisam-se as mudanças estruturais do período Pós Guerra Fria e o arcabouço teórico de alinhamentos sistêmicos; na segunda seção apresenta-se o estudo da Política Declaratória de Defesa israelense, atentando-se para os seguintes fatores: i) caso de Israel como Regional Power; ii)histórico da aliança com Estados Unidos, e iii) análise do documento “The Israel Defense Forces Strategy” (2015). A metodologia empregada consiste na adoção de fontes primárias (análise do Documento de Defesa Nacional) e fontes secundárias (revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema).
Best multiplier Approximation in L_(p,∅_n ) (B)
Authors: Al-Saidy Saheb K. , AL-Jawari Naseif J. , Zaboon Ali Hussein
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this paper is to find best multiplier approximation of unbounded functions in L_(p,∅_n ) –space by using Trigonometric polynomials and by de la Vallee- Poussin operators. Also we will estimate the degree of the best multiplier approximation by Weighted –Ditzian-Totik modulus
Growth and Characterizes of PbI2 Films By Vacuum Evaporation Method
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed S. , Salman Ghassq Dawood , Hassoon Khaleel I.
Published: October 2019

In this work, thin films of lead iodide (PbI2) were deposited on glass substrates with different thicknesses by vacuum thermal evaporation method. The structural, chemical, electrical and optical characteristics of the thin films were studied. XRD analysis showed that lead iodide film is polycrystalline having hexagonal structure. A particle size was estimated by Williamson - Hall technique (13) nm and strain (4.90*10-3) are founded from the intercept with y-axis and slope for PbI2. The UV-VIS measurements illustrated that the lead iodide has a direct optical band gap and Urbach energy to be 0.677 eV2. Raman peaks are detected at 70, 96, 99.5, 188 and 202 cm-1 which corresponding to characteristic of PbI2 at (E21, A11, 2E11 and A1g). The FTIR spectrum of PbI2 thin film showed six bands at 1650, 1900, 3100, 3400, 3600 and 3800 cm-1. Mechanism of dc transport was also analyzed in the temperature range 315–395 K. Also the variation of reflectivity in the range near infrared is conductive generally attributed to thin film nature, where this film contain light scattering and large surface area, which enhance the optical absorption and hence, a low reflectivity is obtained.
MODEL MENTAL SISWA TENTANG TERMOKIMIA
Authors: Dewi Komang Melina , Suja I Wayan , Sastrawidana I Dewa Ketut
Published: October 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan profil model mental dan faktor-faktor penyebab terbentuknya model mental alternatif siswa kelas XI tentang termokimia di SMA Negeri Bali Mandara. Penelitian ini menggunakan mixed methods jenis sekuensial. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, pemberian tes hasil belajar dua tingkat, dan wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif berdasarkan hubungan antara jawaban siswa dan argumentasinya dengan melibatkan tiga level kimia. Teknik analisis data hasil wawancara meliputi tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa profil model mental siswa kelas  XI tentang termokimia, meliputi 1,94 % model mental ilmiah dan 98,05% model mental alternatif, yang terdiri atas 28,19% miskonsepsi khusus dan 69,86% benar sebagian. Faktor-faktor penyebab terbentuknya model mental alternatif pada pikiran siswa, meliputi rendahnya minat belajar siswa, kurangnya pemahaman siswa tentang termokimia, kurangnya perhatian siswa ketika pembelajaran, metode mengajar yang diterapkan guru tidak mencankup tiga level kimia dan padatnya kegiatan sekolah.Kata-kata kunci : termokimia, model mental, model mental alternatif.AbstractThis research was aimed describe and explain the profile of the mental models and the factors that cause the formation of alternative mental models of class XI students about thermochemistry at Bali Mandara High School. This research uses a sequential type mixed methods. Data collection was carried out by observation, giving two-level learning outcomes tests, and interviews. Data analysis is carried out descriptively, based on the relationship between student answers and their arguments involving three chemical levels. The technique of analyzing data from interviews includes the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this research indicate that the profile of the mental model of class XI students about thermochemistry includes 1.94% of the scientific mental model and 98.05% of the alternative mental models, which consist of 28.19% special misconceptions and 69.86% are partly correct. Factors that cause the formation of alternative mental models on the minds of students, including the low interest in student learning, lack of student understanding of thermochemistry, lack of attention of students when learning, teaching methods applied by teachers do not cover three chemical levels and the density of school activities.Key words: thermochemistry, mental models, alternative mental models.
MODEL MENTAL SISWA KELAS X SMA LABORATORIUM UNDIKSHA SINGARAJA TENTANG IKATAN ION DAN IKATAN KOVALEN
Authors: Pratiwi Ni Luh Yuni Ari , Suja I Wayan , Selamat I Nyoman
Published: October 2019

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan profil model mental siswa, serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi terbentuknya model mental alternatif siswa kelas X MIA di SMA Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja pada materi ikatan ion dan ikatan kovalen. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mix methods, jenis sekuensial. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, tes model mental, dan wawancara. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes diagnostik pilihan ganda dua tingkat dan wawancara dengan pertanyaan menyelidik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase siswa yang memiliki model mental ilmiah tentang ikatan ion dan kovalen sebanyak 53,33% model mental alternatif sebanyak 38,89%, dan 7,78% tidak memberikan tanggapan. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi terbentuknya model mental alternatif meliputi kekurangan informasi, kekeliruan penalaran, dan buku teks kimia yang digunakan siswa sebagai sarana belajar. Sehubungan dengan temuan tersebut, guru kimia di SMA perlu menerapkan strategi pembelajaran yang tepat untuk mengajarkan ketiga level kimia secara utuh.Kata Kunci: ikatan ion, ikatan kovalen, model mental, model mental alternatifABSTRACTThis research was aimed to describe and explain the profile of mental model student’s, and analyze the factors that influence the formation of alternative mental models of class X MIA students at SMA Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja about ionic bonding and covalent bonds material. This research is a mix method approaches in research, a sequential type. Data collection is done by observation, mental model tests, and interviews. The instrument used in this study was a diagnostic test two tier and interview with probing questions. The results showed the percentage of students who experienced a scientific mental model of ion bonds and covalent bonds of 53.33% of students, had an alternative mental model of 38.89%, and as many as 7.78% did not have a mental model. Factors that influence the formation of alternative mental models include lack of information, errors of reasoning, and chemical textbooks that students used. Related with that research, chemistry teachers in high schools need to apply appropriate learning strategies in the process of learning chemistry.Keywords: ionic bonding, covalent bonding, mental model, mental model alternative
MODEL MENTAL SISWA PADA SUBPOKOK BAHASAN PERUBAHAN MATERI
Authors: Diantari Putu Eka Sukma , Suja I Wayan , Sastrawidana I Dewa Ketut
Published: October 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan profil model mental siswa serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penyebab terbentuknya model mental alternatif siswa pada subpokok bahasan perubahan materi di SMP Negeri 2 Singaraja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mix methods jenis sekuensial. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, pemberian tes diagnostik dua tingkat (two-tier), dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan profil model mental siswa kelas VII pada subpokok bahasan perubahan materi 5,30% tergolong model mental ilmiah, serta 92,38% mengalami model mental alternatif, yang meliputi 69,81% memiliki model mental benar sebagian dan 22,57% memiliki model mental miskonsepsi khusus. Sedangkan sisanya, sebanyak 2,32% tidak memberikan tanggapan. Faktor penyebab terbentuknya model mental alternatif pada pikiran siswa, meliputi minat dan motivasi belajar siswa rendah, pemaknaan konsep-konsep perubahan materi rendah, pemahaman konsep pendukung terkait perubahan materi rendah, pemahaman terhadap ketiga level kimia (level makroskopis, level submikroskopis, dan level simbolik) beserta interkoneksinya rendah, buku teks (paket) yang digunakan kurang lengkap, dan strategi mengajar yang diterapkan oleh guru tidak tepat.Kata-kata kunci: perubahan materi, model mental, model mental alternatif.AbstractThis research was aimed to describe and explain the profile of mental model students and identify the factors that cause the formation of an alternative mental model students on the subject of material changes at SMP Negeri 2 Singaraja. This research is a mix methods approach, type sequential. Data collection was carried out by observation, giving two-tier diagnostic tests, and interviews. The results showed the profile of mental class VII grade students on the  subject of  material change 5.30% classified as a scientific mental model, and 92.38% experienced an alternative mental model, which included 69.81% having a partially correct mental model and 22.57% having special mental misconception models. While the rest, as much as 2.32% did not give a response. Factors that cause the formation of alternative mental models on students minds, including low interest and student learning motivation, meaning concepts of low material change, understanding of supporting concepts related to low material changes, understanding of all three chemical levels (macroscopic level, submicroscopic level, and symbolic level) along with the low interconnection, the textbook (package) used is incomplete, and the teaching strategy applied by the teacher is not appropriate.Keywords: change materials, mental model, alternative mental model
Studi Kasus Pengembangan Wirausaha Berbasis Teknologi (Technopreneurship) di Provinsi Gorontalo
Authors: Mopangga Herwin
Published: October 2019

This study aims to describe the technology based entrepreneurial activity and non-technopreneurship, to elaborate the efforts to improve students’ and graduates’ interest to be the doers of technopreneurship, and to compile a document which will be the direction of development to lead technopreneurship in Gorontalo Province. This study used qualitative approach, the data collected by observation, interview, questionnaire and documentation, that located in 6 regencies/city in the Province of Gorontalo. This study concludes that, Low competitiveness of the product by small and medium business in Gorontallo Province is caused by limited technology mastery among entrepreneurs. If there are any technological innovations, it’s temporally only for exhibition purpose in regional and national scale, not to enhance the quality of products, diversification and efficiency in short-term, as well as sustainable increased of production, their income increased, and or business extension profit in the long-term. Technopreneurship development that partnership by State University of Gorontalo (UNG) and The Regency of North Gorontalo is the best practice to extend and strengthen technopreneurs in the region. Students interest in entrepreneurship can be increased by research based learning and student centered learning.
Effect Invesment and The Rate of Inflation to Economic Growth in Indonesia
Authors: M Saparuddin , Yolanda Selly , Sebayang Karuniana Dianta
Published: October 2019

This study aims is to determine the influence of investment and the rate of inflation either partially or simultaneously to economic growth in Indonesia. This research was conducted in Indonesia using data quarterly for 9 years from 2005 to 2013. Types of data used are secondary data. The research method is using time series multiple regression method. The regression results showed that investment and inflation partially and simultaneosly has positive and significant effect on economic growth in Indonesia.
Berry quality of hybrid grapevine (Vitis) cultivars grown in the field and in a polytunnel
Authors: Maante-Kuljus Mariana , Vool Ele , Mainla Leila , Starast Marge , Karp Kadri
Published: October 2019

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of vineyard location and cultivation system (polytunnel compared to field) on hybrid grapevine berry quality in cold climate conditions. The study was conducted with the hybrid grapevine cultivars ‘Hasanski Sladki’, ‘Zilga’ and ‘Supaga’. Experimental vineyards were located at different sites in a polytunnel and in the field. Soluble solids content ranged from 13.8 to 25.4 °Brix. For all cultivars cultivation in the tunnel had a positive effect on soluble solids content for two experimental years out of three. Acid content was high, ranging from 1.04 to 1.76 g 100 g-1 FW. Growing ‘Zilga’ and ‘Supaga’ in the tunnel reduced titratable acid content every year but for ‘Hasanski Sladki’ in two years. Phenolic content ranged from 53 to 540 g 100 g-1 FW and anthocyanin from 30 to 162 mg 100 g-1 FW. Accumulation of phenols and anthocyanins were affected by location and cultivation methods. For ‘Hasanski Sladki’ in the tunnel, cultivation had a positive effect on phenolic content but for ‘Zilga’ not in every year.
Occurrence of mycotoxin patulin and polyphenol profile of Nordic apple juices in relation to apple cultivation system and pre-processing storage temperature
Authors: Heinmaa Lagle , Põldma Priit , Mirmajlessi Seyed Mahyar , Kaldmäe Hedi , Vangdal Eivind , Kidmose Ulla , Bertelsen Marianne , Lo Scalzo Roberto , Fibiani Marta , Moor Ulvi
Published: October 2019

The aims of this study were to find out if organic apple juice (AJ) contained higher contents of polyphenols or patulin compared to conventional AJ, and if higher storage temperature before processing increases patulin content in juice. AJ was pressed from Estonian, Danish and Norwegian apples. Additionally, three cultivars from Estonian organic and conventional orchards were stored at 3±2 °C and 9±2 °C before processing. Patulin, polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity were determined in pasteurized juices. In 2015, 33% of conventional (n=6) and 46% of organic (n=11) juices contained patulin; two of the organic juices above the legal limit (191 and 64µg l-1). In 2016, none of the AJs contained patulin. Patulin occurrence was more affected by weather conditions two weeks before harvest than by cultivation system and apple storage temperature. Polyphenol content was higher in organic than in conventional juices and was reduced at higher apple storage temperature.
Pedagogia das encruzilhadas Exu como Educação
Authors: Rufino Luiz
Published: October 2019

Exu na cultura ioruba e nas suas múltiplas inscrições na diáspora africana emerge como princípio explicativo de mundo sobre o acontecimento, comunicação, linguagem, invenção, corporeidade e ética. Nesse sentido, considerando que os domínios do orixá são também comuns ao fenômeno educativo, podemos, a partir de um giro enunciativo, perspectivar uma educação referenciada por ele. Assim, na emergência de processos educativos e proposições curriculares antirracistas e decoloniais é que lanço mão da Pedagogia das Encruzilhadas, um projeto político/epistemológico/ético que tem Exu como fundamento teórico/metodológico. Dessa maneira, entendendo que a decolonialidade se constitui enquanto ação e demanda outras presenças, conhecimentos e gramáticas, este artigo investe na crítica às obras coloniais que regimentam a educação não como prática emancipatória, mas como forma regulação. A reflexão também investe no apontamento de outras possibilidades de problematização da educação, a partir de referenciais éticos/estéticos historicamente produzidos como não credíveis pela razão dominante e suas políticas de conhecimento.  Palavras- chave: Exu. Pedagogia das Encruzilhadas. Educação.
Editorial
Authors: Machado Cristiane
Published: October 2019

A incursão atenta e cuidadosa pelos artigos desta edição certamente fortalecerão o ânimo na luta em defesa da educação pública, laica e gratuita. Boa leitura!
Formulation and Physical Evaluation of Cream Containing Neem Oil 5%
Authors: Husni Patihul , Amalia Anggia Diani , Mita Soraya Ratnawulan , Putriana Norisca Aliza
Published: October 2019

Permethrin Cream 5%, a topical scabicidal agent, is usually used for the treatment of infestation with Sarcoptes scabiei (scabies). Nowadays, neem oil,  a vegetable oil pressed from the fruits and seeds of the neem (Azadirachta indica A.Juss), is reported having an antiscabies effect. The aim of the study was to formulate and evaluate the physical properties of cream containing neem oil 5%. Methods of the study were characterization of physicochemical properties of neem oil, preparation and physical stability study at room temperature (25 oC) and 40 oC for three months storage of the neem oil 5% cream. Physical evaluation involved organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, tipe of cream and  viscosity. The study results showed that all of the physicochemical properties of neem oil met the requirement. The cream were white to yellowish white, characteristic neem oil odor, homogenous cream, pH ± 8, viscosity approximately 2000-8000 cps and o/w cream. Three months storage of the cream showed that the formula resulted a stable cream physically.Keywords: neem oil, permethrin, scabies, Azadirachta indica A.Juss
Synergetic Control for HVAC System Control and VAV Box Fault Compensation
Authors: Ettouil Radhia , Chabir Karim , Sauter Dominique , Abdelkrim Mohamed Naceur
Published: October 2019

Synergetic control is proposed for heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) system control. The synergetic controller is developed using the nonlinear model of the HVAC system. Occupancy information in each zone is required in the design of the controller which offers inherent comfort according to the occupancy in the zone. The stability of the building system using the proposed control is verified through the Lyapunov approach. It is also proved that the synergetic controller is robust to external disturbances. Then, synergetic theories are used to design a reconfigurable control for damper stuck failures in variable air volume (VAV) to recover the nominal performance. Simulations are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller for a three-zone building.