bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of biosecurity heat treatment on soils: implications for soil analytical methods and mineral exploration
Authors: Noble R. R. P. , Henne A. , Stromberg J. , Lau I. C. , Pejcic B. , Pinchand G. T.
Published: August 2024

Soils are widely used as geochemical sample media. A recent advancement in soil analytical methods for exploration developed in Australia – the UltraFine+
®
method – concentrates the clay-sized fraction of <2 µm and then analyses this fraction for over 50 elemental concentrations, pH, electrical conductivity and spectral mineralogy/properties (i.e. visible to near-infrared range to shortwave and mid-infrared range reflectance spectroscopy). This new approach was initially limited to Australian soils due to strict biosecurity legislation. However, since 2022 samples can be shipped to Australia and heat-treated to 160°C to be released from quarantine-approved premises prior to analysis. A study was undertaken to determine the influence of the temperature heat treatment on the spectral and geochemical properties of soils. One hundred and three soils were collected from multiple regions of Australia to provide a background set of samples to test the effect of heat treatment on the analytical response using the clay-sized fraction analytical method. These soils comprised multiple clay types and are representative of general soil types and target commodities in mineral exploration settings. Results show that heat treatment did not significantly impact elemental abundance of common pathfinder and target elements in minerals exploration with strong correlation and linear trends between the treatments. Spectral parameters measured in the visible to mid-infrared range were also unaffected by heating. Some observed elemental changes were related to inconsistent extraction of resistate elements (Hf, Nb, Zr). Counter to other studies, a pH decrease was observed in heat-treated samples. The study concludes that biosecurity release heat treatment at 160°C does not hinder analysis of the ultrafine fraction soils with a concentrated aqua regia assay and spectral mineralogy measurements.
Differentially Private Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Model Using Federated Learning
Authors: Liu Xiao-Yang , Zhu Rongyi , Zha Daochen , Gao Jiechao , Zhong Shan , White Matt , Qiu Meikang
Published: August 2024

The surge in interest and application of large language models (LLMs) has sparked a drive to fine-tune these models to suit specific applications, such as finance and medical science. However, concerns regarding data privacy have emerged, especially when multiple stakeholders aim to collaboratively enhance LLMs using sensitive data. In this scenario, federated learning becomes a natural choice, allowing decentralized fine-tuning without exposing raw data to central servers. Motivated by this, we investigate how data privacy can be ensured in LLM fine-tuning through practical federated learning approaches, enabling secure contributions from multiple parties to enhance LLMs. Yet, challenges arise: 1) despite avoiding raw data exposure, there is a risk of inferring sensitive information from model outputs, and 2) federated learning for LLMs incurs notable communication overhead. To address these challenges, this article introduces DP-LoRA, a novel federated learning algorithm tailored for LLMs. DP-LoRA preserves data privacy by employing a Gaussian mechanism that adds noise in weight updates, maintaining individual data privacy while facilitating collaborative model training. Moreover, DP-LoRA optimizes communication efficiency via low-rank adaptation, minimizing the transmission of updated weights during distributed training. The experimental results across medical, financial, and general datasets using various LLMs demonstrate that DP-LoRA effectively ensures strict privacy constraints while minimizing communication overhead.
On Leveraging Large Language Models for Multilingual Intent Discovery
Authors: Chow Rudolf , Suen King Yiu , Lam Albert Y.S.
Published: August 2024

Intent discovery is vital for any real-world dialogue systems such as chatbot. Since the intents of users naturally change over time, models only trained on a static training set of intents will inevitably fail to detect new intents. While this topic has been widely studied, existing work only focuses on monolingual datasets, rendering it less practical for international businesses, where it is far more common to work with multilingual data. In this work, we present a method for multilingual intent discovery through leveraging the multilingual capabilities of recent large language models. By performing joint extraction of intent and keyphrases, as well as a chain-of-thought–styled reasoning, our method is able to efficiently produce clustering results that are easy to interpret. Experimental results on two different datasets show that our proposed method consistently surpasses all baselines, with up to 15% gain in adjusted Rand index.
Estrogen Receptor–targeted PET Imaging for Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhou Wenhui , Franc Benjamin L. , DeMartini Wendy B. , Rosen Eric L.
Published: August 2024

Fluorine 18 fluoroestradiol is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved radiopharmaceutical that targets estrogen receptor in patients with recurrent or metastatic breast cancer, with growing utilization and experience in clinical practice.
Elongation factor 1A1 inhibition elicits changes in lipid droplet size, the bulk transcriptome, and cell type-associated gene expression in MASLD mouse liver
Authors: Wilson Rachel B. , Chen Yun Jin , Zhang Richard , Maini Siddhant , Andrews Tallulah S. , Wang Rennian , Borradaile Nica M.
Published: August 2024

Chemical inhibition of EEF1A1 decreases hepatic lipid droplet size and decreases gene expression signatures associated with liver cell types that contribute to MASLD progression. Furthermore, changes in hepatic gene expression are primarily attributable to hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. This work highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting EEF1A1 in the setting of MASLD, and the utility of RNA-Seq deconvolution to reveal valuable information about tissue cell type composition and cell type-associated gene expression from bulk RNA-Seq data.
Intelligent Object Manipulation for a Wheelchair‐Mounted Robotic Arm
Authors: Abayasiri R. A. M. , Jayasekara A. G. B. P. , Gopura R. A. R. C. , Kiguchi Kazuo
Published: August 2024

Over the years, intelligent wheelchairs have been developed to fulfill the needs of wheelchair users by gathering information from the environment to make autonomous decisions. This paper proposes an intelligent object manipulation algorithm that leverages users’ intentions, past experiences, and preferences. To gather the necessary information for object placement, a human study involving 20 healthy participants was conducted. The study included two situation‐based object placement scenarios and object placement when objects were given in pairs. Building on the authors’ previously developed electromyography‐based wheelchair navigation algorithm, a semiautonomous object manipulation algorithm was developed. This new algorithm was tested in the CoppeliaSim simulation environment by replicating the tasks performed in the human study. The object arrangements in the simulation were then compared to the results from the human study. The findings indicate that the implemented object manipulation algorithm successfully replicated the outcomes observed in the human study. The application of this controller is expected to significantly enhance accessibility for individuals with impaired motor functionalities in addition to their ambulatory impairments. This development represents a significant step forward in creating user‐friendly and adaptive assistive technologies for wheelchair users.
Optogenetics Neuromodulation of the Nose
Authors: Xiang Feng , Zhang Shipeng , Tang Mi , Li Peijia , Zhang Hui , Xiong Jiahui , Zhang Qinxiu , Li Xinrong
Published: August 2024

Recently developed optogenetic technology, which allows high‐fidelity control of neuronal activity, has been applied to investigate the neural circuits underlying sensory processing and behavior. The nasal cavity is innervated by the olfactory nerve and trigeminal nerve, which are closely related to common symptoms of rhinitis, such as impairment of smell, itching, and sneezing. The olfactory system has an amazing ability to distinguish thousands of odorant molecules at trace levels. However, there are many issues in olfactory sensing mechanisms that need to be addressed. Optogenetics offers a novel technical approach to solve this dilemma. Therefore, we review the recent advances in olfactory optogenetics to clarify the mechanisms of chemical sensing, which may help identify the mechanism of dysfunction and suggest possible treatments for impaired smell. Additionally, in rhinitis patients, alterations in the other nerve (trigeminal nerve) that innervates the nasal cavity can lead to hyperresponsiveness to various nociceptive stimuli and central sensitization, causing frequent and persistent itching and sneezing. In the last several years, the application of optogenetics in regulating nociceptive receptors, which are distributed in sensory nerve endings, and amino acid receptors, which are distributed in vital brain regions, to alleviate overreaction to nociceptive stimuli, has gained significant attention. Therefore, we focus on the progress in optogenetics and its application in neuromodulation of nociceptive stimuli and discuss the potential clinical translation for treating rhinitis in the future.
SKF96365 Inhibits Tumor Proliferation by Inducing Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jiaxin , Han Huiqiong , Liu Yihan , Xu Jiayao , Zhang Daidi , Wang Wenjia , Gao Yaping , Li Zhengrui , Qin Yanru
Published: August 2024

Calcium channel blockers are emerging as a new generation of attractive anticancer drugs. SKF96365, originally thought to be a store‐operated calcium entry (SOCE) inhibitor, is now often used as a TRPC channel blocker and is widely used in medical diagnostics. SKF96365 has shown antitumor effects on a variety of cancer cell lines. The objective of this study was to investigate the anticancer effect of SKF96365 on esophageal cancer in vivo and in vitro. Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) and colony formation were used to test the proliferation inhibition of SKF96365 on cell lines. Western blot and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining were used to detect cell apoptosis rates. In addition, we demonstrated the antitumor effect of SKF96365 in vivo in xenografted mice. As a result, SKF96365 significantly inhibited the proliferation of K510, K30, and EC9706 in vitro. SKF96365 induces apoptosis in three cell lines through the poly(adenosine diphosphate–ribose) polymerase (PARP), caspase‐9, and BCL‐2 pathways in a dose‐dependent and time‐dependent manner. Moreover, SKF96365 treatment also induced apoptosis and inhibited tumor growth in nude mice. The calcium channel TRPC1 was significantly downregulated by SKF96365. Autophagy was also induced during the treatment of SKF96365. In summary, SKF96365 induces apoptosis (PARP, caspase‐9, and BCL‐2) and autophagy (LC3‐A/B) by inhibiting TRPC1 in esophageal cancer cells, thereby inhibiting tumor growth.
Ginseng Soluble Dietary Fiber Enhances Spermatogenic Potential in Obese Mice via the MAPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang Yue , Yu Yang , Bai Chen , Li Zhiman , Huo Xiaohui , Li Wei , Sun Yinshi , Sha Jiyue
Published: August 2024

Objectives. To investigate the effects of ginseng soluble dietary fiber (GSDF) on the spermatogenic potential in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obese mice. Method. C57BL/6 mice were fed an HFD for 60 days, and GSDF was administered by gastric gavage. The mice were divided into control, HFD, GSDF (high, medium, and low), and positive (metformin and MH) groups. During this period, changes in body weight were recorded. Various organ indices were measured 24 h after the last dose. Sperm quality in the vas deferens and epididymis tail was determined using fully automated analyzers. Serum levels of the three lipids, cytokines, and hormones were detected by ELISA. Pathological changes in the testicular tissue and epididymal fat were observed by H&E and immunofluorescence staining of the testicular tissue for superoxide dismutase (SOD) and 4‐hydroxynonenal (4‐HNE). Changes in the levels of MAPK pathway proteins in the testicular cells were detected by western blotting. Result. GSDF intervention significantly reduced the body weight, renal index, and white fat in obese mice, while increasing the testicular organ index. GSDF intervention significantly reduced serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) levels in mice compared to the HFD group, thereby improving hyperlipidemia. Simultaneously, the serum cytokine IL‐4 level was increased, IL‐6 level was significantly reduced, testosterone (T) hormone level was significantly increased, and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were significantly reduced in the GSDF‐treated mice. The viability, survival rate, and density of spermatozoa in the treated groups significantly improved. Testicular interstitial cell vacuolization and collagen fibrosis improved, spermatogonia were aligned, and epididymal fat cell hypertrophy and vacuolization were suppressed. In the GSDF treatment group, SOD levels increased significantly, whereas 4‐HNE levels decreased, with the most evident effect observed in the medium‐dose group. GSDF ameliorated metabolic disorders in obese mice by regulating the p‐JNK/p‐p38MAPK pathway. Conclusion. GSDF ameliorated spermatogenic potential in obese mice by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway. Thus, GSDF may be an effective lipid‐lowering agent for improving the reproductive potential of obese mice.
YAP1 Inhibition Induces Phenotype Switching of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts to Tumor Suppressive in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Song Hongtao , Lu Tong , Han Donghui , Zhang Jiayu , Gan Lunbiao , Xu Chao , Liu Shaojie , Li Peng , Zhang Keying , Hu Zhihao , Li Hongji , Li Yu , Zhao Xiaolong , Zhang Jingliang , Xing Nianzeng , Shi Changhong , Wen Weihong , Yang Fa , Qin Weijun
Published: August 2024

Prostate cancer rarely responds to immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are critical components of the immunologically “cold” tumor microenvironment and are considered a promising target to enhance the immunotherapy response. In this study, we aimed to reveal the mechanisms regulating CAF plasticity to identify potential strategies to switch CAFs from protumorigenic to antitumor phenotypes and to enhance ICB efficacy in prostate cancer. Integration of four prostate cancer single-cell RNA sequencing datasets defined protumorigenic and antitumor CAFs, and RNA-seq, flow cytometry, and a prostate cancer organoid model demonstrated the functions of two CAF subtypes. Extracellular matrix–associated CAFs (ECM-CAF) promoted collagen deposition and cancer cell progression, and lymphocyte-associated CAFs (Lym-CAF) exhibited an antitumor phenotype and induced the infiltration and activation of CD8+ T cells. YAP1 activity regulated the ECM-CAF phenotype, and YAP1 silencing promoted switching to Lym-CAFs. NF-κB p65 was the core transcription factor in the Lym-CAF subset, and YAP1 inhibited nuclear translocation of p65. Selective depletion of YAP1 in ECM-CAFs in vivo promoted CD8+ T-cell infiltration and activation and enhanced the therapeutic effects of anti-PD-1 treatment on prostate cancer. Overall, this study revealed a mechanism regulating CAF identity in prostate cancer and highlighted a therapeutic strategy for altering the CAF subtype to suppress tumor growth and increase sensitivity to ICB.

Significance: YAP1 regulates cancer-associated fibroblast phenotypes and can be targeted to switch cancer-associated fibroblasts from a protumorigenic subtype that promotes extracellular matrix deposition to a tumor-suppressive subtype that stimulates antitumor immunity and immunotherapy efficacy.
Tables from Systemic Blockade of Clever-1 Elicits Lymphocyte Activation Alongside Checkpoint Molecule Downregulation in Patients with Solid Tumors: Results from a Phase I/II Clinical Trial
Authors: Virtakoivu Reetta , Rannikko Jenna H. , Viitala Miro , Vaura Felix , Takeda Akira , Lönnberg Tapio , Koivunen Jussi , Jaakkola Panu , Pasanen Annika , Shetty Shishir , de Jonge Maja J.A. , Robbrecht Debbie , Ma Yuk Ting , Skyttä Tanja , Minchom Anna , Jalkanen Sirpa , Karvonen Matti K. , Mandelin Jami , Bono Petri , Hollmén Maija
Published: August 2024

Tables
EHMT1/2 Inhibition Promotes Regression of Therapy-Resistant Ovarian Cancer Tumors in a CD8 T-cell–Dependent Manner
Authors: Nguyen Lily L. , Watson Zachary L. , Ortega Raquel , Woodruff Elizabeth R. , Jordan Kimberly R. , Iwanaga Ritsuko , Yamamoto Tomomi M. , Bailey Courtney A. , To Francis , Lin Shujian , Villagomez Fabian R. , Jeong Abigail D. , Guntupalli Saketh R. , Behbakht Kian , Gibaja Veronica , Arnoult Nausica , Chuong Edward B. , Bitler Benjamin G.
Published: August 2024

Poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) are first-line maintenance therapy for ovarian cancer and an alternative therapy for several other cancer types. However, PARPi-resistance is rising, and there is currently an unmet need to combat PARPi-resistant tumors. Here, we created an immunocompetent, PARPi-resistant mouse model to test the efficacy of combinatory PARPi and euchromatic histone methyltransferase 1/2 inhibitor (EHMTi) in the treatment of PARPi-resistant ovarian cancer. We discovered that inhibition of EHMT1/2 resensitizes cells to PARPi. Markedly, we show that single EHMTi and combinatory EHMTi/PARPi significantly reduced PARPi-resistant tumor burden and that this reduction is partially dependent on CD8 T cells. Altogether, our results show a low-toxicity drug that effectively treats PARPi-resistant ovarian cancer in an immune-dependent manner, supporting its entry into clinical development and potential incorporation of immunotherapy.

Implications: Targeting the epigenome of therapy-resistant ovarian cancer induces an antitumor response mediated in part through an antitumor immune response.
Supplementary Validation Data S2 from mTORC1-Driven Protein Translation Correlates with Clinical Benefit of Capivasertib within a Genetically Preselected Cohort of PIK3CA-Altered Tumors
Authors: Sobsey Constance A. , Froehlich Bjoern C. , Mitsa Georgia , Ibrahim Sahar , Popp Robert , Zahedi Rene P. , de Bruin Elza C. , Borchers Christoph H. , Batist Gerald
Published: August 2024

Quality Assessment of the Global Proteomics Data
Supplementary Table S1 from BRCA Status Dictates Wnt Responsiveness in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Chehade Hussein , Gogoi Radhika , Adzibolosu Nicholas K. , Galoforo Sandra , Fehmi Rouba-Ali , Kheil Mira , Fox Alexandra , Kim Seongho , Rattan Ramandeep , Hou Zhanjun , Morris Robert T. , Matherly Larry H. , Mor Gil , Alvero Ayesha B.
Published: August 2024

Primers used for qPCR analysis
Supplementary Validation Data S1 from mTORC1-Driven Protein Translation Correlates with Clinical Benefit of Capivasertib within a Genetically Preselected Cohort of PIK3CA-Altered Tumors
Authors: Sobsey Constance A. , Froehlich Bjoern C. , Mitsa Georgia , Ibrahim Sahar , Popp Robert , Zahedi Rene P. , de Bruin Elza C. , Borchers Christoph H. , Batist Gerald
Published: August 2024

Supplementary Validation Data demonstrating the performance of the iMALDI-MS assay
Figure S5 from BRCA Status Dictates Wnt Responsiveness in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Chehade Hussein , Gogoi Radhika , Adzibolosu Nicholas K. , Galoforo Sandra , Fehmi Rouba-Ali , Kheil Mira , Fox Alexandra , Kim Seongho , Rattan Ramandeep , Hou Zhanjun , Morris Robert T. , Matherly Larry H. , Mor Gil , Alvero Ayesha B.
Published: August 2024

(A) DEGs in BRCA2null vs BRCA1null 4T1 mouse breast cancer cell line reported as log fold-change (logFC); red bars are upregulated and blue bars are downregulated; (B) Perturbation analysis of Wnt signaling pathway comparing BRCA2null vs BRCA1null 4T1 mouse breast cancer cell line; red genes are predicted to be upregulated and blue genes are predicted to be downregulated.
Supplementary Figure S3 from mTORC1-Driven Protein Translation Correlates with Clinical Benefit of Capivasertib within a Genetically Preselected Cohort of PIK3CA-Altered Tumors
Authors: Sobsey Constance A. , Froehlich Bjoern C. , Mitsa Georgia , Ibrahim Sahar , Popp Robert , Zahedi Rene P. , de Bruin Elza C. , Borchers Christoph H. , Batist Gerald
Published: August 2024

Comparison of iMALDI and Global Proteomics results for primary vs metastatic samples
Inhibitory systems in brain evolution: pathways of vulnerability in neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Hanson Kari L. , Greiner Demi M.Z. , Schumann Cynthia M. , Semendeferi Katerina
Published: August 2024

Background. The evolution of the primate brain has been characterized by the reorganization of key structures and circuits underlying derived specializations in sensory systems, as well as social behavior and cognition. Among these, expansion and elaboration of the prefrontal cortex has been accompanied by alterations to the connectivity and organization of subcortical structures, including the striatum and amygdala, underlying advanced aspects of executive function, inhibitory behavioral control, and socioemotional cognition seen in our lineages. At the cellular level, the primate brain has further seen an increase in the diversity and number of inhibitory GABAergic interneurons. A prevailing hypothesis holds that disruptions in the balance of excitatory to inhibitory activity in the brain underlies the pathophysiology of many neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders.
Summary. This review highlights the evolution of inhibitory brain systems and circuits, and suggests that recent evolutionary modifications to GABAergic circuitry may provide the substrate for vulnerability to aberrant neurodevelopment. We further discuss how modifications to primate and human social organization and life history may shape brain development in ways that contribute to neurodivergence and the origins of neurodevelopmental disorders.
Key Messages. Many brain systems have seen functional reorganization in the mammalian, primate, and human brain. Alterations to inhibitory circuitry in frontostriatal and frontoamygdalar systems support changes in social behavior and cognition. Increased complexity of inhibitory systems may underlie vulnerabilities to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, including autism and schizophrenia. Changes observed in Williams syndrome may further elucidate the mechanisms by which alterations in inhibitory systems lead to changes in behavior and cognition. Developmental processes, including altered neuroimmune function and age-related vulnerability of inhibitory cells and synapses, may lead to worsening symptomatology in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders.
Exploring the impact of the minimum pay scale and socio-demographic fac-tors on job satisfaction: An evidence from Ready-made garment workers in Bangladesh
Authors: Roy Mritika , Zannat Meheraz , Iqbal Tareq , Chowdhury Pritam , Ratna Asia Jiasmin , Hossain Md Arafat
Published: August 2024

Bangladesh's Ready-Made Garments contribute significantly to the country's economy and employment. In Bangladesh, spontaneous outbursts are usually caused by Ready-Made Garment workers due to inadequate pay, unpaid wages, and compensation for overtime work. Since these three criteria affect workers' job satisfaction, and some socio-demographic characteristics such as age, education, gender, marital status also influence job satiety, finally, all of these were needed to be studied in a single research study to narrate the impact of pay scale on garment workers, which had not done yet with the aid of nonparametric tests. So this research explored the impact of the 2018 revised minimum wage policy by examining workers' perceptions of wages, including basic pay, overtime compensation, various allowances (housing, medical, food, transportation), and the degree of workers' satisfaction within a group based on demographic traits. 80 responses, according to convenience sampling, were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The results highlighted dissatisfaction with basic pay, late payments, medical, and housing allowances but higher satisfaction with overtime compensation and transportation stipends. The study also found no significant difference in overall satisfaction with the wage structure based on gender or marital status, but it showed that aged, more educated workers are, for some reason, happier. Thus, the findings provide important insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders, shedding light on timely payment with a revised pay scale according to the present circumstances, considering worker needs like medical, housing allowances, etc. and creating an environment to involve women and young people.
The Extent of Implementation of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management in The Third District of Negros Oriental
Authors: Catarata Annabelle T. , Villa Elizabeth B.
Published: August 2024

his study aimed to assess the extent of implementation of Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM) and the extent of stakeholder participation in times of disaster towards the development of a comprehensive community-based Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM) strategic manual. This study employed a descriptive comparative research design utilizing survey methodology. The study was conducted in the Third District of the Province of Negros Oriental. The respondents were LGU officials, PNP, DRRM Coordinators, SK officials, barangay officials, and local residents and were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. The major tool used in this study is a survey questionnaire adopted from the Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction Plan manual. Data were analysed using weighted mean and one-way analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The study found that people are more proactive in preventing disasters than recovering from them. The poor performance of respondents in Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery (DRRM) was attributed to a lack of expertise and resources. The DRRM program's effectiveness still needs to be explored; hence, there is an urgent need for further study and evaluation to measure its impact. Communities often lack the means and capacity to respond effectively, emphasizing the need for empowering and involving local populations in disaster management. Insufficient resources, capacity, and collaboration between stakeholders hinder the implementation of disaster management programs, resulting in inadequate results and a loss of confidence in the government's ability to address disaster management needs. An internal disaster response plan should be in place in every barangay and activated during and immediately after disasters. When chaos and devastation from a disaster demand capability beyond those that barangays can afford, Local Government Units (LGUs) and the National Government are supposed to respond. Designated Barangay Disaster Response Teams and volunteers may also help.
Paisagens e processos pedogenéticos em distintos ecossistemas terrestres Antárticos
Authors: Lopes Davi do Vale , Oliveira Fábio Soares de , Siqueira Rafael Gomes , Souza José João Lelis Leal de , Schaefer Carlos Ernesto G. R. , Francelino Marcio Rocha
Published: August 2024

A Antártica apresenta uma variedade de climas frios que reflete a grande extensão e localização única do seu território. Apesar de avanços recentes, ainda existem muitas lacunas científicas sobre o conhecimento dos solos antárticos. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar e discutir os principais processos de formação dos solos nos distintos ecossistemas terrestres da Antártica, definidos a partir de um gradiente latitudinal austral. O estudo foi realizado a partir de revisão de literatura e na experiência acumulada do Núcleo de pesquisas Terrantar (INCT Criosfera), o qual desde 2002 vem atuando de maneira contínua, analisando e monitorando os distintos ecossistemas terrestres antárticos. A classificação dos solos segue os critérios da U.S. Soil Taxonomy e IUSS Working Group WRB. A diversidade de processos pedogenéticos na Antártica implica em uma série de mudanças químicas, físicas e biológicas, em escalas distintas nos ecossistemas terrestres. Onze processos pedogenéticos específicos foram identificados ao longo de um gradiente latitudinal austral: fosfatização, sulfurização, podzolização, rubificação, melanização, paludização, gleização, crioturbação, salinização, deflação e crioclastia. Áreas com sulfurização e fosfatização apresentam maior intemperismo químico e maior desenvolvimento de solos, formando paisagens singulares em meio à dominância de processos de intemperismo físicos (crioclastia, deflação, crioturbação). A melanização é desfavorecida pela vegetação limitada e pouco acúmulo relativo de matéria orgânica em solos da Antártica.
Comissão de Cultura e Extensão: construindo pontes entre a EEFE e a sociedade
Authors: Rocco Júnior Ary José , Bedo Bruno Luiz de Souza , Correia Walter Roberto
Published: August 2024

Resumo
Sonâmbulo: anotações sobre um gesto na penumbra e as fotografias de André Leite Coelho.
Authors: Schellini Marcelo
Published: August 2024

This review describes and critically analyses the conceptual relationship between the photographic act and André Leite Coelho's photography book Sonâmbulo. The text exposes the photographic practice as both a consequence and an artefact of urban space. It suggests a common ontology between photography and the city by elaborating on intersections between street photography practice and its history. The discussion also addresses the aesthetic choices of the book's graphic design and its layout as a possibility for subjective representations of the city space in its fragmented and transitory perception through photography.
Documentário transmídia e dispositivos tecnológicos como estratégia de comunicação e sensibilização em temas sociais
Authors: Lemos Júnior Urbano
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes two platforms that use the potential of new technologies as a possibility of production, transmission and awareness in social issues. The documentary Hollow is produced partly by smartphones and shows the possibility of bringing together various elements to deal with the rural exodus in an American city. The Quipu Project offers new perspectives on the representation and preservation of memories of women and men who were forcibly sterilized in the 1990s in Peru. The documentary uses the possibilities of smartphones to drive the narrative. The idea of the documentary is initiated through a free telephone line made available to the deponents. Users can also record a response message in testimonials. In both productions, it is perceived that the junction of audiovisual elements with technological devices can contribute to the development of ethnographic research, since the use of these devices creates records more immediate and closer to reality.
Whatsapp como campo de batalha: reflexões ético-metodológicas a partir de uma etnografia em grupos de oração evangélicos
Authors: Mochel Lorena
Published: August 2024

How can anthropological research help to understand the effects of the centrality of the use of digital media in everyday religious life? Distancing myself from apparent and erroneous oppositions between traditional and modern that questions like this often raise, I investigated ways in which the use of smartphones is configured as “battlefields” for praying, preaching, telling testimonies, establishing intimacy with God and overcoming demons. . Through ethnography in “prayer groups” composed of evangelical women, I reflect in this article on my positionality in fieldwork carried out in co-presence circuits that included churches, homes and two WhatsApp groups leaded by a couple of Pentecostal pastors. By exploring the ambivalent meanings in the religious uses of cell phones, I point to intersectional dynamics that make WhatsApp a central religious device for non-institutionalized pastoral careers and the collective exercise of evangelical faith.
O estranhamento do olhar do Outro na Era Selfie
Authors: Oliveira Michel de
Published: August 2024

O texto aborda a mudança na dinâmica do retrato fotográfico com o surgimento e popularização dos selfies nas redes sociais. O autor, ao perceber o estranhamento de alguns clientes e amigos diante dos próprios retratos, reflete sobre como a prática do selfie transformou a fotografia em um ato mais autocentrado e idealizado. O texto argumenta que o narcisismo na cultura contemporânea contribui para essa mudança, enfatizando o controle do Eu sobre a própria imagem para evitar o olhar crítico do Outro. A reflexão sugere que essa destituição do olhar do Outro obscurece as possibilidades enriquecedoras oferecidas pelos diversos pontos de vista.
A new species of Neotorula (Pleosporales) from the Southwest, China
Authors: HE SHU-CHENG , WEI DE-PING , BHUNJUN CHITRABHANU S. , APURILLO CARLO CHRIS S. , THIYAGARAJA VINODHINI , JAYAWARDENA RUVISHIKA S. , ZHAO YUN-WEI , ZHAO QI
Published: August 2024

A new species, Neotorula nujiangensis, was isolated on dead wood in Nujiang City, Yunnan Province, China. It is characterized by hairy, dark brown colonies with mononematous, straight or flexuous, polytretic conidiophores that comprises a few cells, doliiform or lageniform conidiogenous cells that are acrogenous and chains of multi-septate, verruculose conidia. Phylogenetic analyses of concatenated 28S, 18S, tef1, ITS, and rpb2 sequences showed that this species is closely related to N. aquatica and N. submersa. Neotorula aquatica, N. nujiangensis and N. submersa are in reported Yunnan, China. Neotorula nujiangensis has longer and wider conidia compared to N. aquatica and N. submersa. Neotorula submersa differs from N. aquatica by its thinner conidiophores, longer conidia that are pale yellow when young and tawny to brown when mature, compared to N. aquatica pale green to brown conidia. The combination of morphological observations and molecular data supports establishing this new species.
The reappraisal and lectotypification of Phanera esquirolii with proposing P. comosa as a new synonym (Fabaceae: Cercidoideae)
Authors: PENG XIA , YANG QI-YI , JIANG KAI-WEN , YANG HONG , WANG XIANG-PING , LI SHI-JIN , SHI MIAO-MIAO , TU TIE-YAO
Published: August 2024

Based on examination of relevant literature and herbarium specimens, we designate a lectotype for Bauhinia esquirolii Gagnep., the basionym of Phanera esquirolii (Gagnep.) Sinou & Bruneau. We also synonymize P. comosa (Craib) Bandyop. & Ghoshal under P. esquirolii and provide an emended description of the latter.
A revision of the subgenus Limnaeoperyphus Nakane, 1963 (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Bembidion), with the description of a new species
Authors: MAKAROV KIRILL V. , SUNDUKOV YURII N.
Published: August 2024

The subgenus Limnaeoperyphus Nakane, 1963, genus Bembidion Latreille, 1802, has been revised. It presently includes two species: B. quadriimpressum (Motschulsky, 1860) and B. petromarinum sp. nov., both inhabiting the littoral zones of the northwestern Pacific. A revised diagnosis of Limnaeoperyphus is presented, the lectotype of B. quadriimpressum is redescribed, and the new species is described, which, unlike B. quadriimpressum, lives in rocky areas of the coasts. The possible origins and distribution of the subgenus are hypothesized, based on the system of sea currents in the North Pacific.
CHECKLIST OF CHIRONOMIDAE (INSECTA: DIPTERA) FROM URUGUAY
Authors: CASTRO MANUEL , CANNEVA BRUNO , MARTÍNEZ MARÍA , AROCENA RAFAEL
Published: August 2024

This study presents a comprehensive list of Chironomidae species recorded in Uruguay, compiled through a bibliographic review. A total of 41 genera of Chironomidae are documented, categorized into four subfamilies: Chironominae, Diamesinae, Orthocladiinae, and Tanypodinae. Additionally, genera lacking named species are included in the list, identified primarily through the analysis of larval characteristics, particularly from limnological investigations.
FIRST FOSSIL RECORD OF ASPREDINIDAE: A NEW SPECIES FROM THE LATE MIOCENE OF NORTHEASTERN ARGENTINA
Authors: BOGAN SERGIO , AGNOLÍN FEDERICO L.
Published: August 2024

This study aims to describe a new fossil species of the extant aspredinid genus Bunocephalus. The new species is represented by a nearly complete skull and pectoral girdle coming from late Miocene Ituzaingó Formation beds of Paraná City, Entre Ríos Province, Argentina. The specimen constitutes the first fossil record for the genus and the family Aspredinidae. This finding demonstrates that large temporal and geographical gaps are still present in the fossil record of the South American continent, evidencing the lack of knowledge of the geographical and temporal distribution of many freshwater fish clades.
A new species of the Hispaniolan endemic genus Antillena Bertani, Huff and Fukushima, 2017 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae), with notes on the natural history of the genus
Authors: SANTOS GABRIEL DE LOS , BERTANI ROGÉRIO
Published: August 2024

Theraphosidae is the most speciose mygalomorph family, and its species are usually fossorial, but arboreal species are known in various subfamilies. One of these subfamilies, Aviculariinae, is composed exclusively of arboreal forms and is distributed in the Americas and the Caribbean. Seven genera of this subfamily were described in 2017, including the monotypic genus Antillena Bertani, Huff & Fukushima, 2017, which is endemic to the Dominican Republic. It presents some remarkable features concerning genitalia shape both in male and female, distinct from all other aviculariine species. Herein, we describe the second species of Antillena, A. miguelangeli sp. nov., along with field-note observations and new records for Antillena rickwesti Bertani & Huff, 2013. Males of the new species have a longer and slender embolus on the bulb, and the keels are poorly developed. Females have the spermathecae plateau-shaped with its distal sclerotized half of an elliptical appearance. The new species also represents the first record of this genus from the northern region of Hispaniola.
Review of Cordylocras Kozlov (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae): with a new species and redescription of C. mirabilis Kozlov
Authors: PAZ VÍCTOR DE , CHEMYREVA VASILISA , KOLYADA VICTOR , BAÑOS-PICÓN LAURA , ASÍS JOSEP D. , POPOVICI OVIDIU ALIN
Published: August 2024

The female of Cordylocras abscondita de Paz & Popovici sp. nov., is described and illustrated from the province of Salamanca (Western Spain). The female and male of C. mirabilis Kozlov, 1966 are redescribed and illustrated and new data on the distribution, and photographs of the holotype are provided. The possible biology of Cordylocras species is discussed.
Description the female sex of Allicyrtaspis conicicersus Shi, Bian & Chang, 2013 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae)
Authors: CUI ZHENCZHEN , WANG HUAIZHENG , BIAN XUN
Published: August 2024

This paper describes the female sex of Allicyrtaspis conicicersus Shi, Bian & Chang, 2013 based on the specimens deposited in Guangxi Normal University. The morphological illustrations of both sexes for A. conicicersus were provided.
Decoding the NCCN Guidelines With AI: A Comparative Evaluation of ChatGPT-4.0 and Llama 2 in the Management of Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Pandya Shivam , Bresler Tamir E. , Wilson Tyler , Htway Zin , Fujita Manabu
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool in the delivery of health care. ChatGPT-4.0 (OpenAI, San Francisco, California) and Llama 2 (Meta, Menlo Park, CA) have each gained attention for their use in various medical applications.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of ChatGPT-4.0 and Llama 2 in assisting with complex clinical decision making in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid carcinoma.

Participants

We reviewed the National Comprehensive Cancer Network® (NCCN) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of thyroid carcinoma and formulated up to 3 complex clinical questions for each decision-making page. ChatGPT-4.0 and Llama 2 were queried in a reproducible manner. The answers were scored on a Likert scale: 5) Correct; 4) correct, with missing information requiring clarification; 3) correct, but unable to complete answer; 2) partially incorrect; 1) absolutely incorrect. Score frequencies were compared, and subgroup analysis was conducted on Correctness (defined as scores 1-2 vs 3-5) and Accuracy (scores 1-3 vs 4-5).

Results

In total, 58 pages of the NCCN Guidelines® were analyzed, generating 167 unique questions. There was no statistically significant difference between ChatGPT-4.0 and Llama 2 in terms of overall score (Mann-Whitney U-test; Mean Rank = 160.53 vs 174.47, P = 0.123), Correctness ( P = 0.177), or Accuracy ( P = 0.891). [Formula: see text]

Conclusion

ChatGPT-4.0 and Llama 2 demonstrate a limited but substantial capacity to assist with complex clinical decision making relating to the management of thyroid carcinoma, with no significant difference in their effectiveness.
Cefepime/Enmetazobactam
Authors: Staten Andrew R. , Baker Danial E.
Published: August 2024

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive 5 to 6 well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late phase 3 trials. The monographs are targeted to Pharmacy & Therapeutics Committees. Subscribers also receive monthly 1-page summary monographs on agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation/medication use evaluation (DUE/MUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are available online to subscribers. Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of a facility. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. For more information about The Formulary Monograph Service, contact Wolters Kluwer customer service at 866-397-3433.
Trains and cameras: Photography and the creation of a railway landscape in Portugal (late nineteenth–early twentieth centuries)
Authors: Pereira Hugo Silveira
Published: August 2024

This article analyses the construction and circulation of representations of Portuguese mainland railways by photography in the illustrated press in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries before World War I. The analysis uses a methodology combining semiotics with discourse analysis in journalism, which is applied to a sample of 406 photographs published in Portuguese magazines between 1872 and 1914. This study shows how these photographs created a new railway landscape, different from that fabricated previously by photographic albums (republished in the press as woodcuts), where human agents were more present, the utilisation of railways is underscored and dire aspects of the circulation of trains (namely train accidents) are more visible. This article contributes to the field of transport history with a perspective from visual culture and to the debate about the use of photography in historical research, as a reliable primary source, much more than a mere illustrative support.
Post-dengue mucormycosis- a novel entity or COVID-19 associated in disguise?
Authors: Popli Harsha , Gupta Ambika , Singh Virendra , Singh Harneet
Published: August 2024

Dengue is a disease endemic to tropical countries such as India. In the past two years, cases of COVID-19 associated Mucormycosis have become a commonly encountered phenomenon. However, cases of dengue associated Mucormycosis have not found a significant mention in the literature yet. We, therefore, report two such cases in which Mucormycosis developed after recovery from Dengue fever and try to dig into the possible mechanism behind such an occurrence.
Wow! Interjections Improve Chatbot Performance: The Mediating Role of Anthropomorphism and Perceived Listening
Authors: Sheehan Ben , Jin Hyun Seung , Martin Brett , Kim Hyoje Jay
Published: August 2024

Could a subtle shift in the language used by chatbots improve service interactions? This research suggests that a chatbot’s use of interjections (e.g., “wow” and “hmm”), can shape consumer attitudes and behaviors. Four experiments demonstrate that consumers are more satisfied, more willing to purchase, and more likely to remain loyal when chatbots use interjections. The studies find support for a sequential mediation model where interjections increase anthropomorphism, which in-turn increases perceived listening and then impacts consumer responses. Consumers respond positively to interjections because they feel the chatbot is more human-like, and thus capable of attending to them and understanding their needs. This interjection effect holds across a range of consumer contexts and at different stages of the purchasing process. The findings shed light on why anthropomorphism has a positive effect in human-chatbot interactions, while providing a straightforward means of enhancing customer satisfaction, purchase intent, and loyalty.
The relationship between social odour awareness and emotional contagion susceptibility in females
Authors: Freemantle Alexander W.J. , Stafford Lorenzo Dante
Published: August 2024

Previous research has shown a strong link between our sense of smell and emotion. More recently, the importance we attach to olfaction has been found to relate to our susceptibility to ‘catch’ the emotions of others. We explore this further by examining the relation between a newly developed measure of olfaction (social odour scale, SOS), which measures awareness of social odours, and emotional contagion susceptibility in female participants. The study therefore aimed to test the strength of this relationship and also help validate the English language version of the SOS. Female (n = 148) participants completed an online study that measured odour awareness [SOS; important of odour questionnaire, IOQ] and emotional contagion (EC). We found that the English version of the SOS yielded high reliability and supported the previous factor structure of the scale; additionally, we demonstrated a strong association between the SOS and IOQ which provides criterion validity for its usage. The study also revealed that whilst both the SOS and IOQ were positively associated with EC, the SOS was the more accurate predictor. These findings provide further validation for the use of the SOS and suggest that our subjective awareness of olfaction, especially concerning ‘social odours’ is an accurate predictor of emotional contagion.
Numerical model and experimental validation of stress waves propagation in large composite panels
Authors: Bhandari Binayak , Maung Phyo Thu , Prusty Gangadhara B.
Published: August 2024

This study investigates stress waves application for non-destructive inspection and structural health monitoring in large laminated composite panels. This study investigates Lamb wave dispersion under two boundary conditions: fixed support and simply support. Lamb wave propagation is examined under two conditions: one with a 100 kHz excitation frequency to simulate internal defects, and the other with a 30N impulse load to simulate external events. Both scenarios include cases with and without cutouts. Experimental and numerical analyses are conducted to examine stress wave propagation characteristics in these panels. The experimental phase focuses on discerning propagation time differences attributable to cutouts, while the three-dimensional (3-D) numerical model analyses propagation time, path, and frequencies. Results reveal a significant time discrepancy between panels with and without cutouts, indicating that cutouts introduce delays in wave propagation due to disruptions in the propagation path. Comparative analysis affirms the reliability and accuracy of the numerical approach, aligning with outcomes from the experimental approach. This research contributes insights into stress wave behaviour, demonstrating its potential for effective non-destructive inspection and structural health monitoring in laminated composites across diverse structural applications.