bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of road traffic accidents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shahsavarinia Kavous , Salehi-Pourmehr Hanieh , Zafardoust Hooman , Harzand-Jadidi Sepideh , Mehdipour Robab , Kabiri Neda
Published: December 2023

Introduction: At the beginning of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 pandemic, many countries around the world closed their centers and imposed restrictions on urban and interurban traffic. This situation had a significant impact on the occurrence of road traffic accidents. The present systematic review aimed to determine the prevalence of road accidents during the COVID-19 implemented lockdowns. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) instructions. Two independent reviewers screened articles based on the inclusion criteria for the review and eligible studies for methodological quality using an appropriate appraisal checklist based on the study type. The statistical analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. Considering the heterogeneity among studies, a random effect model was adopted to estimate the pooled effect with 95% CI for binary outcomes. Results: The initial search of databases yielded 849 potentially relevant articles, of which, 44 studies were included in this systematic review and of them, 36 were considered for metaanalysis. The random effect model showed an overall prevalence of injury before the lockdown of 24.9% (95% confidence interval: 20.0%-30.5%). Also, the prevalence of injury during the COVID-19 lockdown was 18.8% (95% CI: 14.7%-23.6%). Begg and Mazumdar’s correlation found no publication bias in the meta-analysis. Conclusion: Road traffic injuries, as one of the main causes of death worldwide, took on a new face with the advent of COVID-19. We have found that there is a relatively high prevalence of road traffic accidents before COVID-19 compared to pandemic period.
Oncocardiology: close collaboration between oncologists, cardiologists, and nephrologists
Authors: Salati Sina , Firouzbakht Bahare , Daneii Padideh , Azarpey Ali , Hatami Behnaz , Johari Moghadam Mohammad Mehdi , Jafari Negar
Published: December 2023

Cancer treatment can lead to combined heart and kidney complications, which can have a significant impact on patient outcomes. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy used to treat cancer can cause damage to both the heart and kidneys, leading to a range of complications. Managing combined heart and kidney complications following cancer treatment requires a collaborative and multidisciplinary approach, with regular monitoring and personalized management plans tailored to the individual patient’s needs.
Internet gaming disorder in medical students: Is it a risk factor for poor educational outcomes?
Authors: Emrani Negar , Khadem-Rezaiyan Majid
Published: December 2023

Background: Today, computer games have taken a prominent place in the lives of children and teenagers, and statistics indicate that online gaming constitutes the majority of computer usage. Numerous studies have explored the detrimental effects of internet gaming on individuals. However, to date, no comprehensive research has been conducted specifically investigating the effect of online gaming on academic performance within a medical education context. To address this gap, we have conducted this study, focusing on the impact of online gaming on the academic performance of Iranian medical students. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 185 medical students from four disciplines ((basic sciences, Physiopathology, extern, intern) were selected through a multi-stage sampling method at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Internet gaming disorder (IGD) test as well as the grade point average (GPA) of the last academic semester, the average study hours on normal days and near the exam, the efficiency of study hours, the number of failed semesters, and academic satisfaction were assessed. Results: In this study, a total of 185 medical students participated, of which 62.2% (115 students) were females. The prevalence of IGD was found to be 3.8%. Interestingly, the prevalence of IGD was approximately four times higher in males than in females (7.1% vs. 1.7%, P=0.106). Furthermore, both the overall daily study time (P<0.001) and the daily study time on days near exams (P=0.031) were found to be significantly higher in students without IGD compared to those with IGD. However, factors such as age, gender, being native to Mashhad, discipline level, last GPA, number of failed semesters, and satisfaction with education showed no correlation with IGD. Conclusion: These findings may serve as a cautionary signal for educational authorities within the Iranian medical education system. However, to obtain more robust results, further investigations are recommended, particularly in other academic majors.
Whole task simulation in surgical training: A hybrid method of teaching undergraduate medical students
Authors: D'Souza Caren , Pinto Supriya
Published: December 2023

Background: The current Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) curriculum practiced in India accentuates that medical graduates must demonstrate competency in safely diagnosing, investigating, and managing clinical presentations across both community and secondary care settings. Therefore, there is a need for more hybrid teaching methods that simulate real situations. This approach will help newly qualified doctors gain confidence and prepare them for the future. We used the whole task simulation method to teach them one of the most common surgical problems i.e., breast cancer along with communication skills, professionalism, Interprofessional teamwork, asepsis, and safe surgery practices. Methods: The study enrolled 20 final-year MBBS students through purposeful sampling. Following classroom-based teaching on a Breast case, a simulated scenario was given, based on SECO (The Safe and Effective Clinical Outcome) design, and was modified with the addition of a simulated operating room setup. History taking, examination, ordering investigations and interpreting them, pre-operative counseling and consent and operation theatre scenario was done using standardized patient and mannequins. Pre- and post-simulation survey was conducted. Quantitative data were collected through Google Forms to assess their conceptual knowledge and qualitative data by Focused group discussions. Results: Students preferred a shift to this hybrid method of learning in a simulated environment over classical classroom-based teaching. They all felt that getting involved in a real-life situation helps in understanding surgical management better. They also understood the concept of teamwork and effective communication. "I feel it’s the best way to learn clinical medicine. No amount of literature could ever replace the knowledge we get from being in the scenario", was one of the responses given by the participants. Conclusion: Integration of surgical simulated clinics along with the operation room (OR) set up into the undergraduate curriculum could facilitate the acquisition of clinical skills actively and interactively. Such a hybrid method of teaching is an effective tool for teaching communication skills, professionalism, interprofessional teamwork along clinical skills.
Determination of Dividends and Their Implications for Share Prices in Property and Real Estate Companies in 2016-2020
Authors: Aziz Yanelsis Nurmala , Elfiswandi Elfiswandi , Yulasmi Yulasmi
Published: December 2023

After conducting a simple study of 41 property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in Indonesia for five years (2016-020), the results of the description of the analysis of the effect of company size on financial performance and inflation on stock prices by dividend policy as an intervening variable, the data processing application used is SPSS.25 Based on research it is known that: (1) The variable company size and finacial performance partially has no positive and significant effect on dividend policy (2) The inflation variable partially has a positive and significant effect on dividend policy (3) The variable company size and financial performance partially has no positive and significant effect on stock prices (4) The inflation variable partially has a positive and significant effect on stock prices (5) The dividend policy variable partially has no positive and insignificant effect on stock prices (6) The dividend policy variable is unable to mediate the relationship between company size and share prices (7) The dividend policy variable is able to mediate the relationship between financial performance and share prices (8) The dividend policy variable is unable to mediate the relationship between inflation and share prices.
Laboratory and instrumental characteristics of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertension
Authors: Tverezovskyi V.M.
Published: December 2023

The article defines the clinical-laboratory and clinical-instrumental features of the comorbid course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hypertension (HTN). The aim of the study was to determine the clinical, laboratory and instrumental features of the comorbid course of COPD and HTN. The study was carried out in accordance with the existing recommendations of bioethical norms and rules. All patients took part in the study of their own free will with the signing of informed consent. 125 patients aged 18–50 years were examined, who were divided into 3 groups: group I – 48 patients with COPD and HTN, group II – 47 patients with an isolated course of COPD, group III (control) – 30 practically healthy people. Medical and statistical calculation was performed using the IBM SPSS 25.0 software package. Calculated median (Me) levels and their 25.0% (LQ) and 75.0% (UQ) quartiles. The probability of differences was determined using the Man-Whitney U-test with a statistical significance threshold of 0.05 (p=0.05). According to the results of the study, an excess of systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels was significantly stated in comorbidity of COPD and HTN and in patients with isolated COPD. The presence of lymphocytopenia and monocytosis in such patients has been reliably established and significant protein loss in COPD has been determined. Significant predominances of biochemical values of the blood of patients with comorbidity of COPD and HNT and with isolated COPD compared to the control were significantly recorded. Significant decreases in the levels of external respiratory function in COPD (especially in its comorbidity with HNT) were noted and a significant predominance of Caspase-8 levels was determined in the following patients: in comorbidity of COPD and HTN – 3.79 [3.57; 3.84] U/l and in isolated COPD – 3.48 [2.99; 3.72] U/l.

Keywords: patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, comorbidity of arterial hypertension, clinical and laboratory characteristics, clinical and instrumental characteristics, caspase-8.
Reflective Polarization Conversion with Multi-Functional, Ultrathin Metasurface for Ku- and K-Band Applications
Authors: Teber Ahmet
Published: December 2023

Reflective polarization conversions with a simplistic design of an ultrathin, single-layered, and multi-functional anisotropic metasurface as a polarization converter is utilized for Ku- and K-band applications. The designs with two substrate thicknesses (0.095λ0 and 0.069λ0, respectively) are capable of a cross-polarization converter (CPC) and a linear-to-circular (LTC) polarization conversion. The design with 0.095λ0 thickness achieves a CPC between 17.96 and 26.90GHz with the efficiency of more than 90% and a relative bandwidth of 40% under normal incidence. It maintains angular stability by altering the oblique incidence angles up to 300 with greater than 80% of the PCR in the K-band. Meanwhile, an LTC in two frequency bands, 10.30-10.53GHz and 28.65-29.70GHz, is also numerically demonstrated. The second design with 0.069 λ0 thickness provides a CPC above the PCR value of 87% in the frequency range from 10.46-23.05GHz (covering the entire Ku- and part of the K-band) with angular stability of 40 above the PCR value of 80%. In the meantime, an LTC with relative bandwidth of 75% in the frequency range from 9.53-9.79&24.74-25.27GHz is numerically revealed. These polarization converters exhibit relatively good performances of facile structure and multi-functional properties, which can be useful in Ku- and K-band applications.
An Investigation of the Chemical Composition of Bottom Sediments from Dried Lake Gavur of Turkiye by Using XRF and Multivariate Data Analysis
Authors: Topuz Muhammet , Keskin Muharrem , Karabulut Murat , Karlıoğlu Kılıç Nurgül
Published: December 2023

Lake sediments offer valuable information about the geographical, climatic and environmental variations. This work was carried out to examine the chemical elements of eleven sediment samples from the old bottom (0-5m; 0.5m increments) of the dried Lake Gavur in Turkiye by applying XRF along with PCA and PLSR data analyses methods. The highest and negative correlations were observed for Sr (-0.89), S+SO3 (-0.74) and Zr+ZrO2 (-0.61) with sampling depths meaning that their concentrations were lower in deeper locations (4.0-5.0 m). In contrast, Ti+TiO2 (0.60), Al+Al2O3 (0.53) and Cu+CuO (0.51) had high and positive correlations and their quantities increased as the depth increased. The age of the two samples (at 2.5 m and 5.0 m) was determined as 4752±33 BP years (2.5 m) and 5470±35 BP (5.0 m). Ca+CaO content was found as lower and Ti+TiO was higher in the deeper sediment (5.0 m) indicating rainy periods. PCA clustered the samples into two groups as deeper samples (4.0-5.0 m) and other samples (0.0 3.5m) while PLSR grouped them into three clusters as deeper (4.0-5.0 m), medium-depth (1.5 3.5 m) and shallower (0.0-1.0m) samples. PLSR model had a good performance to estimate the sampling depth from the chemical elements (R2cal=0.95; R2val=0.67) which means that the variations of the chemicals were highly dependent on the sampling depth. A general comment that can be obtained for the lake from the geochemical proxies is that: After a rainy period between 5.0m and 4.0m, there was a gradual drought up to 2.5m and a maximum dry period at 2.5m. It was a wet period between 2.5m and 1.0m and the second period with maximum precipitation was not as effective as seen in the first one.
Integration of Daylight Use and Analysis in Double Skin Facades: A Literature Review
Authors: Ünlütürk Mustafa Serhan , Kazanasmaz Tuğçe
Published: December 2023

Double skin facades (DSF) aim to save energy reducing the heat losses in buildings. They are visually appeal while allowing to use daylight efficiently. Such facade systems can reduce glare and distribute daylight evenly in the interior when compared to conventional facade systems. That is a result of cavities between two glass facades and locating sun shading elements in them, although this system provides a high level of transparency. As their primary purpose of application is to ensure thermal performance and ventilation, most studies in literature have focused on these. This study started with the hypothesis that studies examining daylight performance in DSFs are more limited than studies examining thermal performance and that daylight optimization methods are not used sufficiently in DSFs. In this context, the study aims to analyze studies focusing on daylight performance of DSFs. The review targets results of such current studies to guide future ones providing feedback knowledge. This may help to better technical developments in such facades and make them prevail in constructions or in retrofitting So, it contributes to literature in this sense. Recent studies are shown in tabulated form and interpreted in detail with graphics. considering their methodologies, daylight parameters and findings. Results show that the daylight parameter is one of the most important issues that architects or designers should consider from the moment they start the design, and they should make their designs based on the optimum penetration of daylight into the building. Consequently, this review presents that the use of daylight optimization has started to be used in recent studies dealing with DSFs. A DSF design can optimally get daylight into the interior can be made by using this method more frequently.
Experimental Investigation of a Small-Scale Parabolic Trough Concentrated Solar Power ‎Systems
Authors: Ehtiwesh Ismael
Published: December 2023

Large-scale systems have a lower levelized cost of electricity than small-scale concentrated solar power systems. Thus, the purpose of the present study is to evaluate the potential of using standalone small-‎scale ‎concentrated ‎solar power collectors in order to generate process ‎heat ‎at ‎a ‎moderate ‎temperature, which directly utilizes thermal energy without the need to generate electricity. ‎A ‎parabolic trough ‎collector (3.6m2) ‎was ‎designed ‎and ‎manufactured, including a dual-axis solar tracking system with and without an insulating function. An ‎insulating ‎cavity ‎was incorporated to ‎minimize the heat ‎losses collected by the absorbed ‎tube. ‎The experiments ‎were ‎carried out during a time of high winds and unfavorable weather ‎in ‎Sabratha City. The findings of the experiments demonstrated that the produced temperature and the collected heat energy progressively increase until they reach their maximum value, and then gradually decrease. The maximum water ‎temperature ‎was 96ºC at ‎a ‎flow rate ‎of ‎‎0.5L/min, and ‎the highest amount of ‎heat energy was 550W/m². ‎Wind speed showed an important impact on the produced temperature; therefore, various comparative experiments were carried out in the same climate condition; ‎the experiment with the insulating function ‎presented the least heat loss, and it takes a higher edge of 11% in terms of efficiency. ‎In addition, the water temperature rose to 120°C where steam was generated at a zero flow rate, while the oil ‎reached 194ºC. In addition, a mathematical model was also implemented to theoretically study energy balance; with little expected discrepancy, its predictions and the experimental results agreed. In conclusion, the results presented reasonable markers of interest despite the poor environmental conditions during the experiments.‎
Overview: Using Hybrid Energy System for Electricity Production Based on the Optimization Methods
Authors: Saib Samia , Bayındır Ramazan , Vadi Seyfettin
Published: December 2023

Renewable energy systems are mostly used in the world due to their inexhaustible and non-polluting production. As a result of a large utilization of these energy sources in different areas, the electricity production rate is increasing every day. Previous studies clarified uses, modeling, configuration, energy management operation, and optimization objectives based on different energy sources. For this reason, this paper focuses on an overview of multi energy systems as renewable and conventional power sources with the integration of an energy storage system coupled to the on-off electrical network. Furthermore, a survey is done regarding global energy production, configuration energy systems, energy storage systems, power management strategies, and optimization methods based on different hybrid energy systems. Multiple optimization approaches have been implemented to reach the global best solution for the hybrid power systems. To ensure the best optimization result, it is preferable to take hybrid optimization methods into consideration. These methods have been invented recently and have proved their efficacy and performance mainly in power systems.
Electromagnetic Scattering by Arbitrarily Located Electric and/or Magnetic Conducting Double-Strip
Authors: Karacuha Kamil , Tabatadze Vasil
Published: December 2023

The study presents electromagnetic scattering by arbitrarily located double strips with perfect electric and/or magnetic conducting surfaces. The study generalizes not only the physical dimension, location, and orientation of the strips but also, the boundary conditions on each strip are generalized and variable. It can be Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. Since the study considers numerous parameters as the variable, the comparison between the present study and the literature is investigated in detail. Geometries such as parallelly located double strips with fractional boundary conditions, impedance double strips, and wedge problems are considered to compare. Besides, the proposed methodology is compared by the method of moments, the method of auxiliary sources, and the orthogonal polynomials approach. The suggested research investigates the electromagnetic scattering by finite wedge and arbitrarily located two strips with different boundary conditions and widths for the first time since each strip can have different widths and boundary conditions (Dirichlet or Neumann). The results reveal that the angle between the strips, the rotation of the strips, width of the strip have noticeable effects on the scattered field and total radar cross-sections. Between the strips, resonances are observed and their characteristics have a substantial dependency on the boundary conditions.
INTUSSUSCEPTION OF MECKEL'S DIVERTICULUM LEADING TO ACUTE SMALL BOWEL OBSTRUCTION IN AN ADULT PATIENT.
Authors: Vikram Patkar Amrita , Potdar Ojas Vijayanand
Published: December 2023

Adult intestinal intussusception is a rare cause of abdominal pain with an estimated incidence of 1-5% of all bowel obstructions [1]. Intussusception
is most commonly seen in children and usually treated non-operatively. However, in adults, intussusception may be the result of pathologic and
often malignant lead points. Small bowel obstruction (SBO) secondary to intussusception of Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is a rare cause of acute
abdominal pain in an adult that may warrant urgent surgical treatment. Here we present a case of acute small bowel obstruction in an adult patient
secondary to intussusception of Meckel's diverticulum.
STUDY OF LIPID PROFILE TESTING AND TREATMENT AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDITIS
Authors: Bakas Mulla Javed , Mulani Alfaj Sadik
Published: December 2023

Background And Aims: To assess the compliance with national guidelines regarding lipid proling and the prescribing of high-intensity lipidlowering therapy in patients admitted with ACS. In a study at PTJLN GMCH Methods: CHAMBA from January to May 2023, researchers focused
on patients with type 1 heart attacks. They excluded older patients and those with heart failure. They reviewed patient records and data, recorded
cholesterol measurements and medications, educated hospital staff, and presented their ndings. They used statistical tests to compare results
between audit cycles and ensured patient data privacy. A pilot study (cycle Results: one) checked how well our cardiology department followed
NICE guidelines for heart disease prevention through lipid modication. We made improvements through various interventions. A follow-up study
(cycle two) assessed the impact of these changes. Pre-statin lipid me Conclusion: asurements are valuable for guiding post-heart attack treatment
but are often neglected, even in leading cholesterol management centers. Efforts are needed to improve lipid testing. In most cases, high-efcacy
lipid-lowering therapy is initiated promptly following established guidelines. While statins are primary, non-statin drugs like ezetimibe and
PCSK9 inhibitors may be considered for high-risk patients
METRONIDAZOLE INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Sharma Tarun , Pathania Roopakshi , Patel Deep , Khichar Shubhakaran
Published: December 2023

We report a case of metronidazole induced CNS as well as peripheral nervous system toxicity with clinical and radiological ndings which resolved
following stoppage of metronidazole. She had history of metronidazole intake for liver abscess.A high index of clinical suspicion,temporal
relationship and characterstic MRI and supportive NCV ndings helped to make the diagnosis.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING BREATHING EXERCISES AMONG BRONCHIAL ASTHMA PATIENTS IN SELECTED HOSPITALS AT UDAIPUR CITY.
Authors: Chandra Salvi Suresh , Purbia Vijay , Sindhal Kishan
Published: December 2023

A one group pre-test and post-test pre- experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding
breathing exercises among bronchial Asthma patients. The sample consists of 54 bronchial asthma patients admitted in MBGH Udaipur and TB
and Chest hospital Badi. Who were selected by purposive sampling technique. The data was collected prior to and after the structured teaching
programme by self-administered structured knowledge questionnaire. The mean post-test knowledge score of bronchial asthma and breathing
exercises was higher(62.80%)) than mean pre-test knowledge scores(31.32%) indicating that the structured teaching programme was effective in
increasing the knowledge of bronchial asthma patients regarding bronchial asthma and breathing exercises
ESOPHAGEAL DUPLICATION CYST: A REPORT OF TWO CASES
Authors: Dubey Alok , Kalyana Shanmugam Sivakumar , Raju Prabhakaran , Obla Lakshmana Moorthy Naganath Babu
Published: December 2023

Esophageal duplication Cysts are rare congenital anomalies of the foregut occurring most commonly in lower esophagus. They are commonly
detected in childhood, but adult manifestations can occur. Endoscopy is the most valuable tool in diagnosis and management. Thoracoscopy
provides excellent exposure and, in most cases, is the preferred approach. Here we present a report of two cases of this rare anomaly
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF NECK OF FEMUR FRACTURES TREATED BY HEMIARTHROPLASTY WITH CEMENTED BIPOLAR PROSTHESIS-A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: P Tharsis Nikhil , Mohan Sandeep , Krishnan Rahul
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Neck of femur fractures are prevalent among the elderly and contribute signicantly to fracture-related morbidity and mortality
worldwide. The rising incidence of these fractures can be attributed to factors like osteoporosis, age-related vision impairment, reduced neuromuscular coordination, lifestyle changes, sedentary habits, and increased life expectancy. Controversy surrounds the treatment choice for
displaced neck of femur fractures, but hemireplacement arthroplasty with a bipolar prosthesis is often considered the superior option for elderly
patients. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess the functional outcomes of neck of femur fractures treated with
hemiarthroplasty using cemented bipolar prostheses. Secondary objectives included evaluating pain and mobility outcomes. Methods: We
conducted a retrospective cohort study on 30 patients with neck of femur fractures treated with hemireplacement arthroplasty using cemented
bipolar prostheses at our institutions from February 2019 to February 2021,with a minimum of 2 years post-surgery follow-up and results were
analysed using Harris hip score. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, employing descriptive statistics such as frequency,
percentage, and mean. Results: Among the study population, 60% were females, and 40% were males. The left side was affected in 53.33% of
patients, with slip and fall being the most common mode of injury (80%). A total of 53.33% of patients reported no pain, while 46.67% were
ambulant without support. Of these, 20% were able to climb stairs without assistance, and 20% could manage stairs with support. No xed
deformities, stem loosening, acetabular erosion, or protrusio acetabuli were observed. The Harris hip score indicated that 33.33% achieved
excellent results, 36.67% had good outcomes, and 30% showed fair results in our study population. Conclusion: Hemiarthroplasty with bipolar
prostheses offers early mobilization, effective pain relief, and an improved level of activity with minimal complications. Early mobilization can
reduce the incidence of pressure sores, pneumonia, deep vein thrombosis, and other complications in the elderly population, making it an ideal
treatment for neck of femur fractures in the elderly age group
APPLICATION AND IMPLICATION OF SOCIAL PHARMACOLOGY AND MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY IN PUBLIC HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS
Authors: Deori Chinmoyee , Bora Debashri , Jyoti Bharali Anup
Published: December 2023

Social Pharmacology is the study of how contemporary societal and cultural elements inuence the outcomes of drug use and how these aspects
change in tandem with scientic progress in our society. The eld seeks to gather further information about drugs, even after they have been
approved and made available commercially. It places particular emphasis on “Phase IV” clinical trials, which are the most expensive opportunities
for studying medications in real-world social settings. The primary goal of social pharmacology is to assess how drugs function in genuine
environments, which can signicantly differ from controlled drug development settings. By drawing upon knowledge from various health-related
disciplines, social pharmacology is suggested as a strategic approach for obtaining crucial insights into drugs that have already been introduced to
the market. In the past, clinical pharmacologists and therapeutic specialists have played a predominant role in advancing our comprehension of
drug mechanisms and their clinical uses. Medical anthropologists on the other hand utilise different theoretical frameworks, all of which have a
shared emphasis on improving the healthcare system's comprehension of how cultural, social, and biological elements impact human encounters
with pain, illness, disease, distress, and recovery in a variety of settings.
COMPARING ENDOTHELIAL CELL COUNT AND CENTRAL CORNEAL THICKNESS IN DIABETICS AND NON-DIABETICS
Authors: Muralidhar Venu , Juneja Stuti V. , Rathod Afsa
Published: December 2023

Aim: To compare the endothelial cell density and central corneal thickness in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Material and Methods: A
comparative study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Central Gujarat for a period of 10 months. A
total 388 patients with age greater than 40 years were enrolled; 194 were diabetic(cases) and 194 non-diabetic patients ( controls). Ophthalmic
examination was done, and the various endothelial cell parameters including the endothelial cell count and central corneal thickness were
measured in the central area in both eyes of all patients by non-contact specular microscope. Results:Atotal of 388 patients were divided into four
main age groups, which were 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, and greater than 70 years, and then the cell density in various groups was compared in cases and
controls. The cell density in the age group 60-69 years in the diabetic population was 2466.626 ± 282.350 cells/mm2 while in the non-diabetic it
was 2631.337 ±355.023 cells/mm2. We observed lower density in diabetics, which was statistically signicant (p≤0.001). We also had a greater
number of male diabetics in our study population. The mean central corneal thickness was found to be greater in diabetics (511.945 microns
±31.762) than in the non -diabetics (500.180 microns ±38.841) in our study, which too was found to be statistically signicant (p value being
0.001). Conclusion: The study concluded that the endothelial cell density was lower in diabetic population compared to non-diabetic and the
central corneal thickness was higher in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients.
A STUDY OF IMPORTANCE OF DRAIN IN LAPROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY IN CASES OF CALCULUS CHOLECYSTITIS
Authors: Narayan Alakh , Yadav Chandrahas , Raman Radhika
Published: December 2023

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for gall stone
disease now adays. With better patient satisfaction and a shorter
hospital stay, laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the method of
choice. However, this change in practice from open surgery has led to
different problems such as biliary tract injuries and intraoperative
spillage of stones and bile. The rst complication, though serious, can
be minimised with experience, supervision, and good training,
whereas the latter complication of spilled gall stones with bile is often
ignored. Gall stone with bile spillage during laparoscopic
cholecystectomy is common. Studies show that the incidence of
spilled gallstones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy accounts for 6
to 40% of procedures performed.
PT AND aPTT PARAMETERS IN DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Authors: P Zala Hetalben , S Mehta Anju , Chaudhari Nilu J
Published: December 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycemia accompanied with the biochemical alterations in
carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism. Epidemiological data suggest that number of diabetics are increasing rapidly in India and worldwide.
Recently, 62 million Indian people are diabetics and it is predicted that number will reach up to 79.4 million by year 2030. Procoagulant state is seen
in these individuals due to abnormalities in several plasma proteins in blood coagulation. So that these patients are at increased risk of thrombotic
events. PT and aPTT is used to assess coagulation system. The purpose of the study was to incorporate coagulation screening as a routine
investigation for better management of diabetic patients. Aims and Objectives:To investigate changes in PTand aPTTin diabetics.To incorporate
coagulation screening as a routine investigations for better management of diabetic patients. Methodology: The present study was comparative
cross sectional study. Total 100 participants were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of them 50 are diabetics and 50 are
nondiabetics. Detailed history was taken. Participants undergone routine general physical examination. After overnight fasting investigation for
fasting, postprandial blood glucose and HbA1c, PT, aPTTwere done. Results: Mean Fasting Blood glucose level in diabetics and nondiabetics was
199.62mg/dl and 88.22mg/dl, Mean PT level in diabetics and nondiabetics was 13.2s and 14.52s, Mean aPTT level in diabetics and nondiabetics
was 26.67s and 29.9s respectively. Statistical Analysis: Pvalue of FBS was <0.0001 that was signicant. Pvalue of PTand aPTTwas <0.0001 that
was signicant. Conclusion: The present study observed a signicant association between diabetes mellitus and coagulation parameters. So that
coagulation parameters should be closely monitored to prevent various complications such as atherosclerosis, stroke.
RARE IMAGING DIAGNOSIS OF CYSTIC ADRENAL LESION
Authors: Bhurrji Prishaa , Thakrar Ritvik , Sanzgiri Sanjana , Verma Mitusha , Patkar Deepak
Published: December 2023

Adrenal cysts are a rare condition, usually benign and asymptomatic, detected as incidental ndings on imaging. Although, these are hardly
associated with malignancies, they may lead to life-threatening circumstances if misdiagnosed. This case reports an unusually large cyst and aims
to highlight the importance of imaging modalities in its diagnosis.
MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF PROXIMAL FEMUR AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH MAXIMUM FEMUR LENGTH
Authors: Narayan Singh Aditya , Singh Nishtha , Chaudhary Sachin , Pandey Krishna , Singh Badal , Anand Mamta
Published: December 2023

Incidence of proximal femoral fractures is on increasing trend owing to poor dietary habits, osteoporosis, chronic corticosteroid uses and various
other hormonal or traumatic factors; hence requirement of total hip replacement and hemiarthroplasty increases. Orthopedic surgeons are facing
problems with dimensions of implant which are mostly available according to western population. Use of these ill tted implants can adversely
affect the outcome. This study was done to measure the proximal femoral geometry and its correlation with maximum femur length in north Indian
population. 74 normal adult femora of unknown age and gender without any gross pathology were obtained from the department of Anatomy,
Motilal Nehru Medical College, Prayagraj. Morphometric parameters were measured with the help of osteometric board, vernier caliper, thread,
colored marker and goniometer. The mean value of all the parameters were calculated as head height- 41.68 mm, horizontal head diameter42.3mm, vertical head diameter- 42.13mm, head circumference- 13.79 mm, anterior neck length - 29.64mm, posterior neck length - 37.48mm,
neck width - 28.56mm, neck shaft angle-130.08, torsion angle -14.33˚and maximum length of femur - 43.41cm. Linear correlation was calculated
between proximal femoral parameters and femur length by using linear regression. Pearson's correlation coefcient was also calculated. Study
concluded that there is signicant difference in proximal morphometric data of femora of Indian population as compared to western population.
Therefore, the results may be helpful for designing implants suitable to Indian population. Furthermore, the linear regression equations derived in
the study is of use in forensic sciences and anthropometric calculations.
A CASE CONTROL STUDY TO DETERMINE TEAR FILM STABILITY IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN BARABANKI.
Authors: Trivedi Astha , Gupta Alka , Singh Chitrangda
Published: December 2023

Introduction- The present study was planned to study the changes of tear lm and ocular surface in type 2 diabetic patients by assessing the corneal
sensitivity, tear lm break up time, Schirmer's test, epitheliokeratopathy score and goblet cell density using conjunctival impression cytology and
to compare the results with those of healthy controls in order to establish the increased risk of dry eye in type 2 diabetic patients. MethodoloogyThe present study was carried out at the Ophthalmic Clinic, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Safedabad,Barabanki, in a span of 5 months starting
from January 2022 to May 2022. Mean tear lm meniscus height, tear lm break up ti Results- me and Schirmer's test values were 0.386±0.176
mm, 7.63±3.83 secs and 10.41±5.25 mm respectively in Diabetic as compared to 0.478±0.072 mm, 11.42±2.37 secs and 15.37 ±3.67 mm
respectively in controls. Proportion of those with uorescein stain, LG stain and Cytological grade 2 or above was signicantly higher in diabetics
as compared to that in controls.A signicant association of tear lm and dry eye disease parameters was observed with longer duration of diabetes,
poor glycemic control and age >50. The ndings of present study showed that the tear l Conclusion- m meniscus is affected adversely in diabetic
patients and could be responsible for progression towards other ocular complications in diabetics.
A STUDY OF THE PATTERN OF OCULAR MORBIDITY IN SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN IN RURALAREA
Authors: Kumari Sahay Pallavi , Saurabhbhai Bhagora Abhishek , Kumar Brajendra
Published: December 2023

We wanted to determine the prevalence of ocular morbidity among school going children between ages of 6 and 16 yrs. in public schools of urban
and rural areas.Across-sectional prospective study was done among a total of 2105 school going children (rural - 956 and urban -1149), 6-16 years
of age in rural and urban areas. A comprehensive ocular examination was done with the help of torch light, slit lamp and +90 D and direct
ophthalmoscope to examine the anterior & posterior segment pathologies.Ocular morbidity in the rural population was 817 (no. of diagnosed
cases) of which 43.30 % were in rural areas of which 63.52 % were males. 35.07 % were in urban areas of which 57.81 % were males. The most
common type of ocular morbidity in rural population was refractive error (15.9 %), followed by vitamin A deciency (12.86 %), blepharitis (5.43
%), squint (3.66 %), amblyopia (2.87 %), stye (2.40 %), ptosis (1.67%), colour blindness (1.15 %), and posterior segment pathologies (0.19%).in
urban areas, the most common cause was refractive error (26.19 %), followed by squint (2.78 %), amblyopia (1.91 %), vitamin Adeciency (1.91
%), blepharitis (1.83 %), colour blindness (1.21 %), stye (0.70 %), ptosis (0.35 %) and posterior segment pathologies (0.08 %). The difference was
statistically extremely signicant with p = 0.0001.Refractive error was the most common ocular morbidity in both urban and rural areas, but
Vitamin Adeciency and blepharitis were more common in rural areas. In rural areas malnutrition seems to be the major cause of ocular morbidity
while more use of gadgets and less outdoor activity seems to play vital role in urban areas.
A CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE INCIDENCE OF DRY EYE FOLLOWING CATARACT SURGERY IN RURALAREA
Authors: Kumari Sahay Pallavi , Saurabhbhai Bhagora Abhishek , Kumar Brajendra
Published: December 2023

Post cataract surgery dry eye in the susceptible population can adversely impact visual outcome and overall patient comfort. There are varying
reports on the incidence of post cataract surgery dry eye depending on patient population and surgical technique. This study has evaluated the
incidence and factors causing dry eye following phacoemulsication, small incisional cataract surgery (SICS) and conventional extra capsular
cataract surgery (ECCE).Patients with cataract in the age group of 40 to 80 years with normal ocular surface and schirmers test at baseline were
followed up after cataract surgery with schirmers recording at 1 month and 3 months. Pre and post- surgery schirmers values were compared for
estimation of dry eyes.A total 390 patients underwent cataract surgery with an overall post surgery residual dry eye incidence of 22.1% (95% CI
17.94 to 26.17) at the end of 3 months follow up. Of these 31% had mild, 67% had moderate and 2% had severe dry eye. Ahigher incidence was seen
in SICS as compared to phacoemulsication. Astatistically signicant association was noted between dry eye and diminution of vision (p = 0.001).
EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF HUGE LEIOMYOMA MASQUERADING AS OVARIAN MASS – A CASE REPORT
Authors: Yoga P Priyanka , Sharmila Vijayan , Mangolnganbi Chanu Sairem , S Arundhathi
Published: December 2023

Objective: Fibroids or Leiomyomas are known to arise from uterus and are of varying sizes. The location of broids, size and their features on
imaging due to degeneration mimics ovarian mass. These can be differentiated from ovarian mass by their presenting symptoms, imaging features
and by histopathological examination, diagnosis is conrmed prior to surgery. Our case Case report: presented with diffuse pain all over the
abdomen with distension associated with heavy menstrual bleeding. On ultrasonography huge mass arising from left adnexa mimicking solid
ovarian mass was noted. Further evaluation done by PET CT(positron emission tomography-computed tomography) scan and tissue biopsy from
the mass which were suggestive of broid probably arising from broad ligament. Intraoperatively mass was arising from lateral wall of uterus from
suggestive of pseudo broad ligament broid and hence she underwent abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy. Her postoperative
period was uneventful. Conclusion: Pelvic masses locating in adnexal region needs complete evaluation by proper imaging and histopathological
conrmation in case of any suspicion, there by preventive extensive surgeries and reducing morbidity among patients.
STANLEY SCORE – A PROGNOSTIC MODEL IN PREDICTING SHORT TERM CLINICAL OUTCOMES AFTER MAJOR HEPATOPANCREATICOBILIARY SURGERIES WITH VARIOUS INFLAMMATORY MARKERS
Authors: Ashokkumar Arunkumar , Devakumar Murugesan Satish , P.S Sreejith , Thangasamy Selvaraj , Sathyanesan Jeswanth
Published: December 2023

Background- Major HPB surgeries will certainly create surgical stress in the immediate as well as the late postoperative period. There is no ideal
marker to speculate or anticipate these postoperative events or complications. The aim of the study is to assess response markers in surgical stress
and formulate simple and potential predictors for adverse outcomes. Serum albumin, Methods- Blood counts, Interleukin, and CRP levels are to be
measured in a fasting state on the day before surgery and repeated on alternate days for up to 5 days. Albumin gradient (difference between the
preoperative albumin level and the albumin level of the corresponding post-operative day), CRP, Interleukin 6, NLR, and PLR are estimated.
Results- The mean value of these gradients were derived. Using the Independent 't-test, there is a statistically signicant difference between the
group with and without morbidity in albumin gradient day 1, albumin gradient day 3, albumin gradient day 5, PLR day 3, and CRP with a p-value
of <0.05. Using paired 't-test, there is a statistically signicant difference between albumin gradient day 1, albumin gradient day 3, albumin gradient
day 5, also between the albumin gradients on days 1 and 3 also between days 3 and 5 with a p-value of <0.005. Along with the Conclusionpreoperative albumin level, albumin gradient remains one of the most important parameters which helps in predicting and segregating those
patients who are more susceptible to complications as well as requiring interventions.
RENAL EWINGS SARCOMA/PRIMITIVE NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR: A RARE CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Mayani Mitunkumar , Mishra Smitirupa , Jain Rohit
Published: December 2023

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is a malignant small round cell tumor which typically arises from bone or soft tissue in adolescents and
young adults, and is equivalent to Ewing's sarcoma. Renal PNET is extraordinarily rare and exhibits highly aggressive biological behavior with
poor prognosis. The clinical presentation and imaging ndings are non specic and are not characteristic. Very few cases have been reported in
literature hence we present a case of 21 years old male whose radical nephrectomy specimen was received in our department for histopathological
examination. The histomorphological characteristics and immunohistochemical analysis conrmed the diagnosis of renal PNET.
“UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF A USUAL COMPLICATION IN TEVAR”
Authors: Nalavade Ameya , Panthakey Harvesp , Mehta Hemant
Published: December 2023

Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) has revolutionized the management of descending thoracic aneurysms with signicant clinical
outcome benet. Multiple series have demonstrated the safety and efcacy of TEVAR in high-risk TAA patients. Recent meta-analysis
demonstrated that TEVAR as compared with surgical repair reduced perioperative complications especially in patients with high surgical risk.
Endovascular manipulation of a diseased aorta with endovascular devices carries signicant risks. Endoleaks are known complications following
TEVAR. We present a case of localised aortic aneurysm at the PDA site, which was stented but developed type 3 endoleak, which was detected on 2-
months follow-up, and needed a second graft within a previous Aortic stent.