bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Polyvalence of the Term “System” in Law
Authors: Postu Ion , Rusnac Veronica
Published: December 2024

The article examines the concept of “system” in law, highlighting its systemic nature and importance for the stability of legal norms. It discusses the principles of a system, such as integrity, structure, and interdependence, and emphasizes the role of a systemic approach in understanding law as a universal regulator of human behavior. The legal system is viewed as an interconnected whole, more than the sum of its parts, characterized by integrity, structure, and interdependence. The relationship between the legal system and the legislative system is clarified, emphasizing fundamental distinctions: the legal system is an internal structure reflecting social relationships, logically organized from norms and interdependent subsystems. The article also discusses the openness and dynamism of the legal system, which evolves objectively as a reflection of social reality, rather than as a product of legislative discretion.
Arbitrability of Corporate Disputes in Foreign Doctrine and Foreign Legal Systems
Authors: Arseni Igor
Published: December 2024

According to the current doctrine of civil law, the subject of law independently exercises civil rights, including the right to judicial protection. The choice of the form of protection is provided to the person whose rights have been violated, and this can also be attributed to the preliminary agreement of the parties to the corporate dispute. It should be noted that due to the length and inefficiency of judicial procedures, more and more attention has recently been paid to issues of alternative dispute resolution. In this regard, the out-of-court form of resolving corporate disputes is of particular interest. Due to the heavy workload of national courts, the issue of out-of-court dispute resolution is becoming increasingly important. At the same time, arbitration is considered a traditional method of resolving disputes even in Roman law. One of the controversial and legally unresolved issues in the theory of arbitration is the possibility of arbitration of disputes. The problem lies not only in the legislative definition of the term “arbitrability”, but also in the lack of clear standards regarding the arbitrability/ non-arbitrability of disputes. The need to study arbitrability is also due to the formation of an ambiguous position in the theory of arbitrability of disputes, including issues of company relationships. Thus, it can be concluded that the principle of arbitrability does not allow for sufficient answers to the question of the arbitrability of disputes with corporate elements. Thus, the need for scientific understanding of the theoretical foundations and the formation of a strong institution of arbitration and a theoretically sound concept of arbitrability both in theory and in practice determined the relevance of the research topic. Keywords: arbitrability, arbitration, corporate dispute, arbitration agreement, non-arbitrability.
The Exclusion of the Annulment Appeal From the National Legislation by Law no. 264/2023 Through the Lens of the Right to Defense and Free Access to Justice
Authors: Rusanovschi Iulian
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the emergence and evolution of an extraordinary legal remedy—an appeal for annulment—in the legislative system of the Republic of Moldova, including the exclusion of the appeal for annulment from criminal proceedings through Law No. 264/2023. With the removal of this legal remedy from criminal procedures, another internal mechanism for ensuring the right to defence and free access to justice disappears on the one hand. Still, it also eliminates an important national lever intended to prevent potential condemnations of the Republic of Moldova by the European Court of Human Rights on the other hand. Although the legislator initially aimed to improve the quality of justice through this law, the consequences may turn out to be quite different. With the exclusion of the appeal for annulment from criminal procedures, there is no longer any internal mechanism to address the fundamental flaws that are often present in judicial processes.
Recommendatory Documents Adopted by International Organizations Through the Effects Prism in Report to the States Mandatory Obligations
Authors: Cigulea Aliona
Published: December 2024

The international normative system is one complex in which legal norms have a special role. Practice shows, despite the fact the violation cases number or non-compliance with international law norms are increasing, however states and other international actors try to justify their actions through arguments based on international law. But, such an approach can and should be seen as a recognition of the legal norms role and place within the international normative system. The international law evolution and codification process clearly demonstrates the approach by states to the gradual recognition of the international law supremacy in the process of regulating international relations. The 20th century second half was characterized by the “forceful” codification of international law, including thanks to the efforts undertaken by the International Law Commission empowered by the UN General Assembly with the noble function.
The European Single Market and the Impact of the Jurisdictional Reasoning of the Court of Justice of the European Union
Authors: Poalelungi jr. Mihai
Published: December 2024

The subject of this research is the impact of the Court of Justice of the European Union. The study reveals the multitude of areas in which the Court has been the catalyst of the evolution. The legal changes brought have both promoted fairness between European citizens and developed their fundamental rights. Although the European Union started from a purely economically oriented entity, it shows the translation of European visions and values into improved quality of life, as well as focusing on economic, social and political developments. The research shows the obstacles encountered by the Court and the imperfections of the decisions taken. However, it has to be recognized that even if the Court in some cases took on a risky assumption of competences and in other cases wanted to impose itself by unwillingly questioning the remaining sovereignty of the Member States, in the end the evolution is positive. The rulings of the Court of Justice of the European Union have generally had a positive effect both in the formation of today’s European Union and in the achieving objectives crystallized in this common European path of equity, prosperity and socio–economic development.
The Impact of State Laws on Officer-Involved Deaths (OIDs)
Authors:   Fort Hays State University, Steele Morgan , Qi Ziwei ,   Fort Hays State University
Published: December 2024

While the public debates whether law enforcement has a problem with mis- or over-using force, the field lacks critical information concerning how often officers use force when interacting with citizens. Moreover, researchers have not examined how differences in how states restrict officers’ ability to use force affect the frequency of force used. Consequently, the various reforms proposed have little evidence supporting them. Using data from Mapping Police Violence combined with census data, we examined the impact of the incorporation of U.S. Supreme Court jurisprudence and the overall restrictiveness each state placed on law enforcement’s ability to use force when making an arrest and what constituted reasonable force within each state. We found that while the state’s population size and violent crime rate were strong predictors of the number and rate of officer-involved deaths (OIDs), state statutory restrictions on use of force had negligible effects. This has important implications for reforming state and national discussions around reforming use of force.
A Judge Is the Person Who Decides Who Sings Better: Children’s Comprehension of Legal Terminology
Authors:   University Fernando Pessoa, Sacau-Fontenla Ana ,   JusGov-University of Minho, Morais Joana ,   Movimento de defesa da vida
Published: December 2024

Children in contact with the law are especially vulnerable to misunderstandings due to their lack of knowledge about judicial proceedings and contexts that are complex for their level of development. This study examined whether children understand legal terminology commonly used at Portuguese courts. Three hundred twenty-two Portuguese-speaking schoolchildren aged 6 to 13 years participated in this study and were randomly distributed into two groups. We asked the children to define a list of 18 legal terms (9 for each group), which were previously identified after analyzing 33 children’s statements in cases of alleged sexual abuse. Their answers were categorized into five categories that reflect the mistakes children made when defining legal terms and the different strategies used in this task. As expected in light of the results of previous works, our results show that children do not understand the legal terms used at court: 47.2% do not show comprehension about any of the 9 terms presented. No child has been able to define all of them correctly. Age and school grade show a significant relationship with the level of understanding. No differences were found based on gender and children's contact with justice. Findings have implications about a necessary adaption of courts to children.
The significance of polarisation in near-fault ground motions – A case study of February 2023 Kahramanmaras M7.7 earthquake
Authors: Moghimi Saed , Manie Salar
Published: December 2024

This article presents a comprehensive study on directivity effects and impulsive signals in near-fault ground motions, focusing on the case of the Kahramanmaraş earthquake in February 2023. The study investigates the impact of polarisation on pulse-type and non-pulse-type ground motions by computing spectral acceleration values for 180-degree rotated components. The results demonstrate that pulse-type ground motions exhibit higher spectral acceleration values and higher levels of polarisation, particularly in the period ranges close to the pulse period. The findings highlight the significance of directivity effects in seismic hazard analyses and emphasise the need for accurate assessment of directivity effects in seismic design procedures.
Prediction model for earthquake death toll based on PCA-BAS-ELM in mainland China
Authors: Wang Chenhui , Wang Xiaoshan , Zhang Xiaotao , Lv Guojun , Wang Libing , Luo Na
Published: December 2024

In recent years, China has experienced frequent catastrophic earthquakes, causing huge casualties. If the death toll can be quickly predicted after a disaster, then relief supplies can be delivered in a timely and reasonable manner, and the death toll and property losses can be minimized. Therefore, rapid and effective prediction of earthquake deaths plays a key role in guiding post-earthquake emergency rescue. However, there are many factors affecting the number of deaths in an earthquake. Aimed at this issue, a prediction model for earthquake deaths based on extreme learning machine (ELM) optimized by principal component analysis (PCA) and beetle antennae search (BAS) algorithm has been proposed in this study. Firstly, this study selected sample data of destructive earthquakes in mainland China in the past 50 years, then PCA was used to reduce the dimensionality of the factors affecting earthquake deaths, the principal components with lower contribution rates were removed, and the principal components with higher contribution rates were used as the input variables of ELM. Meanwhile, the earthquake deaths were used as the output variable, and the connection weights and thresholds of ELM was optimized using BAS. Finally, the prediction model for earthquake deaths based on PCA-BAS-ELM was established. The established model was used to predict the test samples. The results showed that the prediction results of PCA-BAS-ELM model had a higher fit with the actual values, and its mean square error, mean absolute percentage error and root mean square error were 2.433, 2.756% and 5.443, respectively, which suggested higher prediction accuracy.
Earthquake design pressures from soil interaction on building basement walls
Authors: Wood John
Published: December 2024

Free-standing retaining walls supporting a cohesionless soil backfill are usually designed for earthquake induced soil pressures using the Mononobe-Okabe limit state analysis (Mononobe and Matsuo [1]). This method assumes the development of a failure wedge in the backfill soil leading to active soil pressures on the wall. Building basement walls are usually relatively stiff or restrained from relative displacement so the active pressure state is unlikely to arise. In addition, two components of dynamic pressure that develop on the wall need to be considered. The first of these is due the shear deformations in the soil generated by the earthquake waves. The second results from the inertia forces of the building above ground level generating movements of the wall against the soil.
Two-dimensional elastic finite element analyses were undertaken in the present study to determine the earthquake induced pressure force and its distribution on simplified basement wall structures. The parameters investigated included the width and stiffness of the basement, the depth of the soil layer and the distribution of the soil shear modulus with depth.
Because of the wide range of basement geometries and foundation types it is not possible to develop a simple empirical method that is widely applicable. However, the elastic finite element analyses identified the influence of the most important parameters and the results can be used to decide whether more detailed analyses are necessary for large buildings.
Socialium or the Financial Price of Social Responsibility
Authors: MARIE-JEANNE Caroline , POP Diana , DUMOULIN Régis
Published: December 2024

We investigate whether investors are willing to pay higher prices to invest in social projects, a differential that we call socialium. Using matching procedures on samples of social and conventional bonds of transnational organisations, we find that, on average, there is no yield and spread differentials on the primary and secondary markets. The result holds after taking into account the impact on market liquidity or shocks linked to political and economic uncertainty addressing silent issues of social risks. The non-significant empirical results on socialium provide us with a rare opportunity to bridge the reasonings stemming from the financial and sociological approaches. We explain why the issuers and investors still bear an interest for the social bonds through the lens of new institutionalism. Social influences, institutional and mimetic pressures and the acquisition of legitimacy in the eyes of society and stakeholders influence the issuance and the acceptance of social bonds.
Finance literacy and sustainable finance literacy
Authors: DUPUY PHILIPPE
Published: December 2024

Financial literacy is highly heterogeneous across the population, depending on school education, family influence, gender and age. However, many tests highlight the low level of basic financial skills in the general population, particularly among young people. Yet financial knowledge and confidence in that knowledge have a direct impact on investors’ choices and ultimate wealth, particularly when concepts such as risk are poorly understood. Beyond, traditional financial literacy is not enough to guarantee a sustainable financial culture. This also requires an understanding of environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues and their impact on financial decisions. Attitudes towards sustainable investments are correlated with understanding of these financial products and perceptions of greenwashing. In addition, recent research shows that sustainable finance is increasingly integrated into financial assets valuation and investors behavior. We review the literature on these topics.
The quality of extra-financial information in question
Authors: VIVIANI JEAN-LAURENT
Published: December 2024

The quality of extra-financial information is an important determinant of the quality of asset allocation. This article illustrates the difficulty of defining the quality of information by comparing the two main sustainability accounting standards. It then explains why high-quality sustainability reports are hard to come by. An analysis of the main steps required to calculate ESG ratings illustrates the difficulties in synthesizing a company’s ESG performance, and the paper concludes with empirical studies showing that the quality of ESG ratings still needs to be improved.
Les usages des outils de gestion des effectifs par les cadres de santé : le cas de l’hôpital public
Authors: Jacob Marc-Antoine
Published: December 2024

Expectations towards healthcare are numerous and plural (improving the quality of care, managing payroll): to manage all that goals, Management tools are all over healthcare. Among actors who use these management tools, nurse managers are responsible for a pivotal role, that is to say making cooperation easier around human resources management in an organization characterized by plural professional groups. The goal of this research is to understand how nurse managers can use management tools in public hospital. To do so, a case study has been conducted, gathering forty-two meetings, sixteen half-day’s observation and secondary data.
Our results show that management tools can be used through six uses: three instrumental uses, deployed between managers or with the CARE; and three sociopolitic uses, that enable managers to gather all professional groups of hospital. We discuss these results to establish a link between accounting and human resources literatures, highlighting that management tools are resource available for nurse managers to enable them to embody their pivotal role at the crossroads of various healthcare’s professional groups.
Médecin-manager : une hybridation institutionnelle ?
Authors: Sibé Matthieu , Gagnou-Savatier Emmanuelle , El FArdi Warda
Published: December 2024

Les hôpitaux publics français traversent une crise manifeste de la gestion de leurs ressources humaines. La transformation de la gouvernance hospitalière et l'évolution réglementaire qui l'accompagne interrogent les conditions d'exercice de la responsabilité de médecin-chef de service et le périmètre de leur fonction. Dans un contexte hospitalier public français qui semble affirmer une volonté d'instituer les médecins-chefs de service comme des acteurs managériaux de premier plan, il paraît pertinent de comprendre leur rôle dans le dialogue de gestion et la manière dont ils parviennent à conjuguer les logiques médicales et gestionnaires. A partir du cadre théorique néo-institutionnel (DiMaggio et Powell, 1983 ; Meyer et Rowan, 1977), nous mobilisons le concept de logique institutionnelle des acteurs afin de s'intéresser à la manière dont des « acteurs hybrides » -médecins-managers- situés à l'interface de différentes logiques, parviennent à concilier ces logiques complémentaires ou contradictoires. Les résultats de cette recherche menée à partir de 14 entretiens semi-structurés montrent un intérêt mitigé pour l’accès à la fonction managériale, la réalisation par les médecins-managers de nombreuses missions en lien avec la logique gestionnaire, le maintien d’une logique médicale et une hybridation des logiques qui se révèle  complexe.
El escaso influjo de las tácticas aéreas española y francesa en la guerra del Rif (1921-1925)
Authors: Gudín de la Lama Enrique
Published: December 2024

España y Francia se enfrentaron en un intervalo de pocos años (1921-1925) con el mismo enemigo (Abd-el-Krim), en el mismo territorio (el Rif). Ambos ejércitos contaron con una dotación aérea suficientemente importante como para que constituyese un pilar más en la organización de las operaciones. Aunque no había comunicación entre ambos ejércitos, desarrollaron las mismas tácticas de empleo de la aviación. Al no poseer el enemigo aviación propia, los cometidos de las dos aviaciones se centraron en tareas de exploración, observación, bombardeo, apoyo a tierra, abastecimiento, transporte. En todos esos ámbitos, las dos aviaciones adquirieron la experiencia suficiente para constatar que cabía un uso específico de la aviación en las guerras coloniales. Sin embargo, esas experiencias tuvieron poca repercusión en las doctrinas estratégicas sobre la aviación que se elaboraron en esos años, y también en el diseño del organigrama estratégico de ambos países.
La ciberseguridad en las empresas: estudio bibliométrico
Authors: Luján-Salamanca Alberto , Infante-Moro Alfonso , Infante-Moro Juan C. , Gallardo-Pérez Julia
Published: December 2024

Los ataques cibernéticos a empresas van en aumento en los últimos años y sus efectos pueden extenderse, no solo a las empresas que los sufren, sino que pueden llegar a afectar la seguridad nacional de un país o ser decisivos en época de conflicto o guerra. Esto hace que la ciberseguridad en las empresas sea un tema candente en la sociedad y, por tanto, deba ser un tema relevante en el ámbito científico. Por este motivo, este artículo realiza un estudio bibliométrico, a través de la herramienta Bibliometrix, que busca analizar los artículos publicados sobre esta temática, sus fuentes de publicación, sus autores y sus contenidos, señalando el impacto de estos artículos en el campo investigativo y la tendencia investigativa de estos. Estudio que confirma la relevancia investigativa de esta temática en el ámbito científico global y que condiciona sus investigaciones a las nuevas tecnologías o herramientas tecnológicas que van apareciendo, y a la aparición de nuevas formas de ataques cibernéticos. Aunque hay que señalar que toda esta investigación tiene más acogida en las revistas científicas de las áreas de Ciencias de la Computación y de Ingeniería, que en revistas científicas del área de Empresas, Gestión y Contabilidad.
Las “rastreadoras” en México. Una ampliación del concepto de seguridad desde el feminismo
Authors: Espín Ocampo Julieta
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo analiza el fenómeno de las llamadas “rastreadoras”, grupos de familias tanto mexicanas como centroamericanas, que de forma cada vez más organizada buscan a sus familiares desaparecidos en territorio mexicano, víctimas de traficantes de personas, cárteles de la droga o crimen organizado en general, en ocasiones coludidos con miembros de las propias autoridades del país. Para abordar este fenómeno que involucra principalmente a mujeres (madres, hermanas e hijas de los desaparecidos), se recurre a las teorías y supuestos feministas de las Relaciones Internacionales y los Estudios de Seguridad, que amplían el concepto mismo de seguridad para incluir a las mujeres como actores relevantes en la búsqueda de justicia y construcción de la paz en escenarios de violencia nacional y transnacional.
TÜRKİYE’DE BÖLGESEL SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİNİN BAZI SAĞLIK GÖSTERGELERİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE ARAS YÖNTEMİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Çam Derya , Koca Gözde , Eğilmez Özüm
Published: December 2024

Sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumu, toplumlar üzerinde istenen sağlık sonuçlarının elde edilmesi noktasında son derece önemlidir. Dolayısıyla, toplumun ihtiyaç duyduğu sağlık hizmetlerini karşılayabilmek amacıyla gerekli olan kaynakların elde edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bir sağlık hizmetinin değerlendirilmesinde hekim sayısı, hastane yatağı, ebe sayısı ve tıbbi cihaz sayısı gibi bazı sağlık göstergelerinin incelenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Sağlık İstatistikleri Yıllıklarında yer alan bölgelerin sağlık hizmetlerinin 15 sağlık göstergesi bağlamında, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yaklaşımlarından biri olan ARAS (Additive Ratio Assessment) yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesidir. 2018-2021 yıllarını kapsayan çalışmada, Türkiye’nin bölgeleri, istatistik yıllıklarında İstatistiki Bölge Birimleri Sınıflamasında (İBBS-1) belirtildiği gibi 12 alternatif olarak ele alınmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ARAS yöntemini uygulamak için Excel programından yararlanılmıştır. Değerlendirme sonucunda, tüm yıllar içerisinde performansı en yüksek bölgenin Batı Anadolu, performansı en düşük bölgenin ise Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi olduğu görülmüştür. İstanbul ve Doğu Anadolu Bölgelerinde yıllar içerisinde sıralamada değişiklik görülmemiştir.
GÖSTERİŞÇİ TÜKETİM EĞİLİMİNİN SAĞLIK ARAMA DAVRANIŞI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: Filiz Mustafa , Karagöz Yalçın
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada amaç, bireylerin gösterişçi tüketim eğilimlerinin sağlık arama davranışları üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek ve çeşitli demografik değişkenlere göre farklılıkları incelemektir. Çalışmanın örneklemini, Marmara bölgesinde ikamet eden 18 yaş üstü 402 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak gösterişçi tüketim ve sağlık arama ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analiz edilmesinde, fark analizleri için t testi ve ANOVA testleri uygulanmıştır. Gösterişçi tüketim algısının sağlık arama davranışı üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla PATH analizi yapılmıştır. Verilerin analiz edilmesinde SPSS 25 ve AMOS 23 paket programları kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların genel anlamda gösterişçi tüketim alışkanlıklarının düşük, profesyonel sağlık arama davranışlarının ise yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Gösterişçi tüketim eğiliminin, sağlık arama davranışının tüm alt boyutları üzerinde anlamlı şekilde etkili olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Yaşa, gelir düzeyine, medeni duruma, yıllık tedavi sayısına, devamlı kullanılan ilacın olup olmamasına ve kronik hastalık durumuna göre sağlık arama davranışı ve gösterişçi tüketim davranışının farklılık arz etmediği tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada, katılımcıların gösterişçi tüketim algılarının genel olarak düşük olduğu, ancak bu algının sağlık arama davranışları üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Özellikle online sağlık arama konusunda gösterişçi tüketimin belirleyici bir rolü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sağlık hizmeti sağlayıcılarının ve pazarlamacıların, bireylerin sağlık arama davranışlarını anlamak ve etkili stratejiler geliştirmek için gösterişçi tüketim algısını dikkate almasının önemli olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Alman Pediatri Uzmanı Albert Eckstein'ın Türkiye'deki Kültürel Etkileri
Authors: Efe İzzet , Uluç Nurhan
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin sağlık alanındaki dönüşüm sürecinde Alman pediatri uzmanı Prof. Dr. Albert Eckstein'ın etkilerini, özellikle kültürel aktarım açısından incelemektedir. Eckstein'ın Türkiye'ye gelmesi, dönemin zorlu koşullarına rağmen, sağlık politikalarının ve uygulamalarının geliştirilmesinde kritik bir rol oynamıştır. Araştırma, literatür taraması ve döküman analizi yöntemleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulunan sonuçlar, Eckstein'ın pediatri biliminin yanı sıra, Alman tıp kültürünün Türk sağlık sistemine entegrasyonu konusunda da önemli bir köprü oluşturduğunu göstermektedir. Eckstein, Türkiye'deki tıp eğitimine modern pediatri pratiğini ve çocuk sağlığına dair yenilikçi yaklaşımları tanıtarak hem bilimsel hem de kültürel bir etkileşim sağlamıştır. Ayrıca, Türkiye genelinde gerçekleştirdiği sağlık kampanyaları ve eğitim programları ile halk sağlığı bilincinin artırılmasında ve hastalık önleme stratejilerinin benimsenmesinde önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Ayrıca Alman ekolüne dayalı öğrenciler yetiştirerek bu alandaki modernleşme ve gelişme sürecinin kalıcı hale gelmesine katkı sağlamıştır. Bu çalışma, Eckstein'ın Türkiye'deki etkilerini kültürel bir perspektiften değerlendirerek, kültürlerarası etkileşimin pediatri alanındaki dönüşümlere nasıl katkı sağladığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bağlamda, Eckstein'ın Türk sağlık tarihi içindeki yeri, kültürel aktarım ve adaptasyon süreçleri açısından incelenmiştir.
The SIPRI Top 100 Arms-producing and Military Services Companies, 2023
Authors: Scarazzato Lorenzo , Tian Nan , Lopes da Silva Diego , Liang Xiao , Djokic Katarina
Published: December 2024

The combined arms revenues of the world’s largest arms-producing and military services companies (the SIPRI Top 100) increased by 4.2 per cent in 2023 to reach $632 billion. The total arms revenues of the Top 100 grew by 19 per cent between 2015 and 2023.

This fact sheet lists the SIPRI Top 100 for 2023 from the updated SIPRI Arms Industry Database and describes the trends in the industry’s arms revenues that are revealed by the new data.
Approximation of the Ultim Ruin Probability by the Finite Difference Method of a Variable-memory Process (HAWKES process) With a Distribution of WEIBULL
Authors: BADINI Souleymane , B´ER´E Fr´ed´eric , KAFANDO Delwend´e Abdoul-Kabir
Published: December 2024

In insurance risk management, the probability of ruin is a very important metric to assess. In this article, we give an approximation of the probability of ruin at the infinite horizon, where the inter-arrivals of claims follow the HAWKES process and the amount of claims follows the WEIBULL distribution, with independence between its two processes. This approximation is made using numerical analysis methods, it consists in solving a second-order integro-differential equation of which two cases are considered on the parameterηof WEIBULL: ifηis equal to 1, then the distribution of the amounts of claims is exponential, which brings us back to the risk model established in Badini et al. (2024). On the other hand, ifηis greater than 1, then the results lead us to a system of linear equations for which we use the finite di_erence method to obtain a numerical solution. This method is used in both cases (η = 1 andη> 1) for u ranging from 0 to 100, so we obtain the analytical solution.
Recent and Advanced Trends in Cancer Treatments
Authors: Chithra RA  , Osman Elamin Mohamed , Karande Sucheta
Published: December 2024

Background: Cancer treatment remains a critical area of clinical research, with numerous approaches developed depending on tumor type and stage. Recent advances in genetic and immunotherapy, bioinformatics, and genetic science have revolutionized cancer diagnosis and treatment. Emerging technologies such as gene delivery, oncolytic virotherapy, suicide gene therapy, and CRISPR/Cas9 offer promising therapeutic avenues.
Methods: This review provides a detailed analysis of the latest techniques of Gene therapy, artificial intelligence, Nanocarrier Delivery Systems, Immunotherapy, CAR T-Cell Therapy, Epigenetics, Vaccines, and Clinical translation and assessing their therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. A review of early critical studies focused on the integration of immunotherapy, nanotechnology, and artificial intelligence (AI) in cancer therapies with emphasis on targeted delivery systems and precision medicine.
Results: The review highlights the synergistic effects of combining targeted therapies with immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cell therapy. Therapies such as CRISPR/Cas9 demonstrate significant potential in cancer targeting, while advancements in nanocarrier delivery systems offer enhanced precision with reduced side effects. AI's role in improving cancer diagnosis and personalized treatment is also underscored.
Conclusion: This comprehensive analysis of recent therapeutic approaches and technological advancements addresses gaps in previous reviews and offers updated insights into cutting-edge cancer treatments. The review emphasizes the evolving role of immunotherapy, nanotechnology, AI, and nanotechnology, providing clinicians and researchers with the most current and relevant information for optimizing cancer treatment strategies.
Beyond The Social Lens: The Critical Call to Integrate Gender-Based Violence into Healthcare, Medical Education and Research
Authors: Kulkarni Namratha , Havaldar Pavan P
Published: December 2024

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Improving Broiler Performance and Carcass Quality with Mint Leaves and Enzyme Additives
Authors: Minhas Marium , Abro Rani , Abro Shahid Hussain , Pirzado Shoaib Ahmed , Wagan Hakimzadi , Siyal Farman Ali , Mughal Gulfam Ali
Published: December 2024

The present experiment was conducted at Poultry Experimental Station, Department of Poultry Husbandry, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam. Three hundred (300) day old Hubbard broilers were equally distributed in 4 groups each having 75 chicks and 3 replicates with15 chicks each. Group A kept as control group - basal diet; Group B fed on basal diet + Mint leaves (1% of total feed composition by weight); Group C fed on basal diet + enzyme (recommended concentration 1.01 gm/kg of feed); Group D fed on basal diet + mint leaves + enzyme (combination of 1% mint leaves and 1.01 gm/kg of the enzyme). The trial was ended up to 42 days. The growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler were determined. Results showed that fed intake was non-significant (P>0.05) between the A, B and C groups, while significant (P<0.05) among group D and A, B, C groups. Slightly higher feed intake (3785.0g/b) was noted in D group followed by C group (3771.0g/b), B group (3765.0g/b) and A group (3723.7g/b), respectively. Significantly (P<0.05) maximum live body weight (2306.7g/b) was noted in D group followed by C group (2217.7g/b), B group (2198.7g/b) and A group (2092.3g/b), respectively. Significantly (P<0.05) carcass weight was noted high in D group (1606.7g/b) followed by C group (1517.7g/b), B group (1498.7g/b) and A group (1492.3g/b), respectively. Significantly (P<0.05) dressing was noted high in A group (71.32%) followed by D group (69.65%), C group (68.43%) and B group (68.16%), respectively. Better FCR (1.64) was noted in D group followed by C group (1.70), B group (1.71) and A group (1.77), respectively. FCR was non-significant (P>0.05) between the A, B and C groups, while significant (P<0.05) among group D and A, B, C groups.  Maximum Water Holding Capacity (56.71%) was noted in D group followed by C group (51.74%), B group (47.13%) and A group (41.64%), respectively. Maximum cooking loss (20.32%) was noted in A group followed by B group (17.99%), C group (17.63%) and D group (17.60%), respectively. Maximum drip loss (23.62%) was noted in A group followed by B group (19.55%), C group (19.40%) and D group (18.63%), respectively. Maximum fat content (4.36%) was noted in D group followed by C group (3.72%), B group (3.32%) and A group (2.19%), respectively. Maximum glycogen content (1.32%) was noted in D group followed by C group (1.05%), B group (0.88%) and A group (0.45%), respectively. In conclusion, the supplementation of mint leaves and enzymes (Group D) significantly improved various performance parameters and carcass characteristics of broilers, including feed intake, live body weight, carcass weight, FCR, WHC, and reduced cooking and drip losses. The combination of mint leaves and enzymes in the diet of broilers proves to be beneficial for enhancing overall growth performance and meat quality
Assessing the Impact of Sugar Beetroot Extract on the Improvement of Salt Tolerance in Wheat Varieties through Hydroponic Cultivation
Authors: Rehman Hafeez-u- , Ahmad Matloob , Ali Anser , Akbar Muhammad Tahir , Rauf Hafiz Abdul , Saleem Irfan Ahmad , Muhammad Taj , Khan Saftain Ullah , Arfan-ul-Haq Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Umar Hayat , Haq Anwar ul , Hussain Fida , Imran Muhammad , Qadir Tauqeer , Akram Fareeha , Nazar Saima , Fatimah Tehsin , Sharif Sana , Ameen Muhammad , Mohsin Muhammad Usman , Kausar Salma
Published: December 2024

Wheat is a primary dietary source for the majority of Pakistan's population and is also cultivated on a global scale. Salinity is one of the primary abiotic stresses that significantly reduce cereal yield and growth. However, this problem can be resolved by incorporating salinity tolerance into the wheat crop. The objective of this experiment was to examine the bio-stimulant potential of foliar application of sugar beetroot extracts (SBE) to alleviate the adverse effects of salinity on wheat. In hydroponic conditions, wheat varieties Anaaj-17 and Gandum-1 were exposed to variable concentrations of SBE (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%). The wheat varieties were cultivated in two distinct environments: non-saline S0, which contained 2 mM NaCl, and saline S1, which contained 100 mM NaCl. The evaluation was conducted using a variety of morphological characteristics (shoot, root length, shoot, root fresh weight, shoot, root dry weight, root shoot ratio) and biochemical parameters (Na+, K+ in root and leaf, chlorophyll, and relative water contents in leaves) and wheat plants were harvested 30 days after transplanting. Utilizing a completely randomized design (CRD), the experiment was conducted in a factorial arrangement with three replications. The foliar application of SBE improved the salinity tolerance of wheat. The SBE-30% dosage application exhibited superior results when contrasted with other concentrations. The foliar applications of SBE significantly enhanced the chlorophyll contents in the leaf and facilitated the growth of the shoots and roots. The SBE was determined to be advantageous in that it decreased the sodium content and increased the potassium content of foliage and roots. It was determined that SBE is effective in promoting wheat growth in both saline and non-saline hydroponic environments
Assessment of Physico-Chemical and Functional Characteristics of Yogurt Enriched with Mint Extract and Probiotics
Authors: Waqas Muhammad , Rafiq Saima , Hayat Imran , Hussain Sheraz , Murtaza Anees , Qayyum Aqsa , Khan Diya
Published: December 2024

Medicinal plants and herbs are good source of antioxidant and bioactive compounds; hence they are used to fortified food as preservatives, flavorings and therapeutic agents. In this context, wild mint (Mintha) is important herb which is widely grown in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, but it is not properly utilized and mostly wasted. Therefore, present research work is an effort to properly utilize mint for the value addition of yogurt. The mint-based yogurt was prepared by using different combination of mint extract such as 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%. The prepared product samples were analyzed for different parameters such as physic-chemical (pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solid and fat), functional (total phenol, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial) and sensory attributes (flavor, taste, color and overall acceptability) at five days interval for 25 days storing period at 4 °C. The data obtained was statistically analyzed by using two factorial completely randomized design (CRD) @ 5% level of significance and treatments were compared by using LSD value. Use of mint extract produced better results in terms of lowering syneresis and improving appearance, body and texture. Mint extract with 1% addition showed best result for overall sensory acceptability and yogurt shelf life was increased up to 25 days at 4 °C temperature.
Understanding Citrus Growers Views on Protection Problems and Mitigation Strategies in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Muhammad Asad , Shahzad Muhammad , Peerzado Moula Bux , Riaz Ayesha , Ali Umair , Usman Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Increasing population pressure necessitates greater food production for a sustainable future, yet the prevalence of insect pests and diseases intensifies competition for critical resources. Pakistan has recorded substantial losses due to disease infestations, particularly affecting citrus crops. Citrus fruits are among the most widely cultivated and economically important agricultural commodities globally. However, s. However, various pests, diseases, and environmental factors significantly impact the production and quality of citrus fruits. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the major insects, diseases, and other factors that affect the protection of citrus crops, as well as the strategies that growers employ to mitigate these challenges. Therefore, the present study explored the major diseases, insects, and other factors affecting citrus protection. One hundred fifty respondents were selected using a Multistage random sampling technique under a survey-based research design. Findings indicate that most of the respondents were above the age of 40, and a significant portion of the population has education above the matriculation level. Citrus fruit fly, citrus leaf miner and psylla were the major insects affecting citrus protection. Citrus white fly, citrus caterpillar, citrus red scale, and citrus black fly also harm the citrus orchards. Findings also indicate that the major diseases affecting citrus protection were Citrus Canker, Gummosis, Citrus Melanose and Citrus Scab. Moreover, the study revealed that awareness about advanced protection practices, incomplete knowledge regarding the identification of insects and diseases, high cost of chemicals, poor quality of pesticides and unwise application of spraying were the major factors affecting citrus protection. This study also identifies that the coping strategies adopted by the growers to protect citrus were IPM practices, chemical control, biological control, insect control nets, use of resistant varieties, crop rotation and crop insurance.
Analisis Peran Guru Agama Islam dalam Pengembangan Pendidikan Agama Islam di SD Inpres Ende 16
Authors: Arafat Siti
Published: December 2024

The method used is descriptive qualitative, through primary and secondary data sources, using observation, interviews and documentation as data collection techniques. The results of the research show that the role of teachers in developing the Islamic Religious Education of students at SD Inpres Ende 16 is, namely, the role of teachers as educators and instructors, as mentors, as leaders, implementers of evaluations and as managers of teaching and learning activities by providing good examples, habituation good behavior, enforcing discipline, providing motivation/encouragement, providing rewards, punishments and creating a religious atmosphere that influences the growth and development of students' thinking inside and outside the classroom. Meanwhile, the supporting and inhibiting factors experienced by teachers are dominant in external factors, namely the family environment, institutional environment, both formal and non-formal, and the students' social environment.
Upaya Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa Kelas IV Pada Pembelajaran IPS dengan Menggunakan Media Gambar di SDK Roworeke 2
Authors: Raji Manggu Ngguna , Korosando Fransiskus
Published: December 2024

This research aims to describe efforts to increase the learning interest of fourth grade students in learning social studies using image media at SDK Roworeke 2 East Ende. This type of research is qualitative, namely the researcher describes how to increase the learning interest of fourth grade students in social studies learning using image media at SDK Roworeke 2 Ende Timur through in-depth interviews with research information supported by observation and documentation processes. The research subjects were the principal, class IV teacher and 4 class IV students. The results of the research show that the teacher's strategy in using image media can increase the learning interest of fourth grade students learning social studies by using image media at SDK Roworeke 2 East Ende, namely; adapting the material to the images that will be used, designing the image media that will be used considering the limitations of the media, compiling steps in using image media, adjusting learning steps based on lesson plans, references and learning objectives that have been prepared previously
Implementation of Islamic Religious Education Learning in Building Religious Character in Students (Explorative Study SMP N 1 and SMP N 3 Bringin)
Authors: Arrosyid’ Muhammad Harun , Nursikin Mukh
Published: December 2024

This study aims to find out how the implementation, impact and supporting and inhibiting factors of Islamic Religious Education learning in building religious character in students of SMP N 1 Bringin and SMP N 3 Bringin. There are main discussions in this study, namely: (1) the implementation of Islamic Religious Education learning in building religious character (2) the impact of the implementation of Islamic Religious Education learning in building religious character (3) supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of Islamic Religious Education learning in building religious character. The researcher uses a qualitative approach through interview, observation, and documentation methods. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique uses qualitative data analysis with procedures for collecting, reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions which are then verified. The findings of this study are: 1) The implementation of Islamic Religious Education learning in building religious character in SMP N 1 & 3 Bringin students is carried out through the process of planning, implementation and evaluation; 2) The impact of the implementation of Islamic Religious Education learning at SMP N 1 Bringin includes: (1) Fostering Self-Discipline; (2) Increasing Tolerance Attitudes; (3) Increasing Social Awareness; (4) Increasing Spiritual Awareness; (5) Ethical and Moral Development.
Kepemimpinan Profetik Kepala Sekolah dalam Kinerja Guru Studi Kasus SMP Jam’iyyatut Tholibin Kandangan dan MTS Mu'allimin Mudal Temanggung
Authors: Irfani Ahmad , Nursikin Mukh
Published: December 2024

An indicator of the success of a school principal's leadership that can be guaranteed to achieve school goals is leadership that is based on the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad. The success achieved by the Prophet Muhammad SAW during his leadership is strongly thought to be because the pattern that was built was based on love, example, faith and devotion to Allah SWT. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a phenomenological type involving informants from Foundation Management, School Committee Management, school principals, teachers and staff. Data collection used was observation, interviews and document study. The results of the research found that the Principal's Prophetic Leadership in Teacher Performance at Jamiatul Tholibim Kandangan Temanggung Middle School was adapted to the grand design that had been prepared by the Principal including, communicating the school's vision and mission, organizing activities based on the school's strategic plan, entrusting the work team to work in accordance with their fields. responsibility, enlivening and cultivating faith values, holding joint evaluations in accordance with mutual agreement, to reflect and internalize the meaning of each activity that has been carried out. Driving factors are the Principal's Vision and Commitment, Support from the School Committee and Foundation, Teacher Involvement in Positive School Culture Decision Making. The inhibiting factors are resistance to change and lack of resources.
Menggali Potensi: Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Interaktif Moving Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Fajira Siti Regina Era , Ichwanto Muhammad Aris , Sokhe Akhmad
Published: December 2024

Education is the main pillar in the self-development of individuals and society. Education serves to transfer knowledge, skills and values from the younger generation. In this context, learning motivation is very important because it is an internal drive that encourages students to be able to actively participate in the learning process. However, during observations at one of the SMKs in Kediri Regency, it was shown that the learning motivation of students in class XI- DPIB (Building Modeling and Information Design) was still relatively low, with many students doing activities irrelevant to the lesson. The selection of appropriate learning methods is needed to be able to provide learning motivation for students.