bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВІД «ВЕЛИКОЇ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОЇ ВІЙНИ» ДО «УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ВИМІРУ ДРУГОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ»: ЗМІНА НАРАТИВУ В ШКІЛЬНИХ ПІДРУЧНИКАХ ІСТОРІЇ
Authors: Honcharenko Nadiia
Published: September 2020

У статті проаналізовано як, починаючи з 1991 р., в українських шкільних підручниках з історії (підручники з всесвітньої історії тут не розглядаються) мінялися інтерпретації подій 1939–1945 рр.; відбувалася поступова відмова від успадкованого з радянської історіографії поняття «Велика Вітчизняна війна» і запроваджувалося поняття «українського виміру Другої світової війни». Оглянуто підходи до оцінювання підручників з історії, запропоновані європейськими науковцями багатоперспективність, критичне мислення, сформоване на підставі аналізу різноманітних джерел, а завдяки цьому – виховання толерантності й уникання однобічності). Зауважено, що, поділяючи настанови щодо багатоперспективності й критичності, українські науковці наголошують також на потребі надати «від імені науки» згусток знань, потрібних молодій людині для ототожнення себе з країною (Н. Яковенко), дати молодій людині уяву про пов’язаність із своїм суспільством і його минулим (Я. Грицак), та деконструювати фундаментальний радянський міф, котрий залишається стрижневим компонентом ідеологічного колоніалізму щодо України – міф «Великої Вітчизняної війни» і «Великої Перемоги» (Л. Зашкільняк).

У статті показано, що перші українські підручники хронологічно й концептуально відповідали радянському наративу про «Велику Вітчизняну війну». Натомість кожне нове покоління підручників, написаних згідно з оновленими та удосконаленими програмами викладання, серед авторів яких науковці – фахівці з цієї тематики, висвітлювало події Другої світової війни дедалі повніше й адекватніше, поступово відмовляючись від радянської міфології, використовуючи новітні методики викладання і різноманітні джерела. Висвітлено процес формування «українського виміру Другої світової війни», покликаний відірвати освітній простір України від міфології Великої Вітчизняної війни та культу Перемоги, мусив конкурувати з істотним політичним, медійним та культурним впливом Росії на український культурний і освітній простір. Окрім того, автори підручників зіткнулися з потужним опором частини українських політичних еліт – комуністів, прихильників ідей «русского мира», серед яких було чимало народних депутатів, науковців, освітян, діячів культури. Вони критикували підручники цього періоду, звинувачуючи авторів у перекручуванні правди та відмові від «Великої  Перемоги».

Названо ключові чинники створення і постійного удосконалення/переписування підручників з історії України: суспільна трансформація, політична свобода, світоглядне й культурне різноманіття, інтелектуальна сміливість, можливість проводити вільні дискусії, а також – потреба формування нової української ідентичності задля ототожнення себе із країною.

Ключові слова: історична освіта, наратив, підручник історії, історіографія, міфологія Великої Вітчизняної війни, український вимір Другої світової війни.
Cardio‐oncology care in the era of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic: An International Cardio‐Oncology Society (ICOS) statement
Authors: Lenihan Daniel , Carver Joseph , Porter Charles , Liu Jennifer E. , Dent Susan , Thavendiranathan Paaladinesh , Mitchell Joshua D. , Nohria Anju , Fradley Michael G. , Pusic Iskra , Stockerl‐Goldstein Keith , Blaes Anne , Lyon Alexander R. , Ganatra Sarju , López‐Fernández Teresa , O'Quinn Rupal , Minotti Giorgio , Szmit Sebastian , Cardinale Daniela , Alvarez‐Cardona Jose , Curigliano Giuseppe , Neilan Tomas G. , Herrmann Joerg
Published: September 2020

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS–CoV‐2) has given rise to a pandemic of unprecedented proportions in the modern era because of its highly contagious nature and impact on human health and society: coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Patients with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and established CV disease (CVD) are among those initially identified at the highest risk for serious complications, including death. Subsequent studies have pointed out that patients with cancer are also at high risk for a critical disease course. Therefore, the most vulnerable patients are seemingly those with both cancer and CVD, and a careful, unified approach in the evaluation and management of this patient population is especially needed in times of the COVID‐19 pandemic. This review provides an overview of the unique implications of the viral outbreak for the field of cardio‐oncology and outlines key modifications in the approach to this ever‐increasing patient population. These modifications include a shift toward greater utilization of cardiac biomarkers and a more focused CV imaging approach in the broader context of modifications to typical practice pathways. The goal of this strategic adjustment is to minimize the risk of SARS–CoV‐2 infection (or other future viral outbreaks) while not becoming negligent of CVD and its important impact on the overall outcomes of patients who are being treated for cancer.
Knowledge, attitude and perception of Nigerian physiotherapists regarding ethics of professional practice
Authors: Bolarinde Samuel O , Mba Henry E.
Published: September 2020

Background of the study: Physiotherapists in Nigeria renewed their practicing license annually through the regulatory body and are provided with the professional code of ethics which stipulate the appropriate conduct, behaviour to guild and regulate the practice of their profession however, the level of knowledge, attitude and application of the ethical guidelines by Nigerian physiotherapists need to be investigated. Aim of Study: This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and perception of Nigerian physiotherapists in relation to the ethics of their professional practice. Methodology: The cross-sectional study recruited 117 licenced Physiotherapists working in various health institutions in Nigeria. They were recruited for the study during the 2018 annual scientific conference of clinical and academic physiotherapists in Nigeria. Data on demographic, work experience, knowledge, attitude and perception of ethics of professional practise were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were summarized using a descriptive statistics of percentage and frequency distribution. Results: All the participants 117 (100%) had copies of code of ethics and oath of professional practise. 74.6% of participants had good knowledge of code of professional ethics while 25.39% had poor knowledge. Only 40.8% (48) of the respondents demonstrated good attitudes toward code of professional ethics. Similarly, only 43.4% (51) of the respondents demonstrated good attitude towards oath of professional practise. 57.0 % of the respondents have heard about ethical misconduct among colleagues while only 13.60% have been involved in ethical misconduct with respect to colleagues or patients. Greater proportion of the respondents (78.2%) considered ethics in physiotherapy as very important while 43.4% supported the introduction of physiotherapy ethics as a course to physiotherapy students in year three of their undergraduate training. Conclusion: Majority of Nigerian physiotherapists have good knowledge of professional code of ethics and oath of professional practise, however, their attitudes towards periodic updating their knowledge on code of ethics and professional oath remain poor. Clinical implication and recommendation: Ethical matter are very important to the practise of physiotherapy, however the poor attitudes of physiotherapy toward updating their knowledge on ethical matters calls for the need for the regulatory body and the professional association to organise seminars and workshops on ethics in physiotherapy and introduce pre-renewal test on ethics before annual licence renewal.
Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Emergency versus Elective Caesarean Section
Authors: Darnal Naveen , Dangal Ganesh
Published: September 2020

Background: Caesarean section is one of the most performed surgical procedures all over the world. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality as compared to vaginal delivery. The present study was carried out to evaluate the maternal and neonatal outcome and complications in two groups of pregnant women who underwent elective and emergency cesarean section, so that measures can be taken to reduce morbidity and mortality in near future.Methods: It was hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study carried out at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital from October to December 2018. There were 340 patients enrolled in the study 170 in elective and 170 in emergency caesareans selected randomly. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board and informed consent was taken from the patients and patients’ guardians. Data were collected daily from the Operation Theater. Results: The rate of caesarean section in the hospital was 30.7%. Proportion of emergency caesarean section was 1324 (74.4%) and elective caesarean section was 456 (25.6%). Emergency Caesarean section was more common in younger age group and in primigravida while elective Caesarean section was more common in advanced age group and in multigravida. The most common indication for emergency Caesarean section was Fetal Distress and the most common indication for elective Caesarean section was previous cesarean with refused vaginal delivery after cesarean section. The maternal outcome in terms of post-operative wound infection, (post-partum hemorrhage, urinary tract infection need for blood transfusion, fever and need for maternal intensive care unit admission was significantly (p- value <0.05) higher in emergency Caesarean section than in elective Caesarean section .The fetal outcome in terms of birth asphyxia, meconium stained liquor and need for Neonatal ICU admission were significantly (p – value <0.05) higher in emergency Caesarean section than in elective Caesarean section. Conclusions: Maternal and fetal complications were significantly higher in the emergency caesarean section as compared to elective caesarean section group.Keywords: Fetal outcome; emergency cesarean section; elective cesarean section; maternal outcome.
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Paediatric Population: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Adhikari Mahesh Bahadur , Karna Sumeet , Adhikari Kinju , Baidya Jagdish Lal
Published: September 2020

Background: Management of paediatric stone disease is challenging as they are considered high risk group. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is minimally invasive procedure with definite advantages in terms of higher stone clearance in single session and no long term effect in renal function.Methods: Retrospective study was done including all patients upto the age of 18 years who underwent Percutaneous nephrolithotomy from January 2010 to December 2018 in our center after taking approval from ethical committee. Data was collected regarding gender, operative side, operative time duration, hospital stay, post-operative decrease in hemoglobin, stone size, Guy’s stone score and early post-operative complications with Clavien-Dindo grade.Results: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy was done in 48 renal units in 44 patients. 28 patients were boys and 16 were girls with mean age of 10.91 ± 5.22 years and mean stone size 17.16 ± 6.43 mm. 91.6% of cases had Guy’s stone score of 1 and 2. Standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy was done in 21 renal units, mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy in 24 renal units and supermini percutaneous nephrolithotomy was done in three renal units with total stone free rate of 93.4%. Three patients required extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for significant residual stone. Average post-operative hemoglobin drop was 1.2 gm%. Overall complications rate was 18.1% with 4.5% of complications being grade 1 and 2 whereas 13.6% were Grade 3.Conclusions: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is safe and feasible in paediatric patients with large stone burden, complex anatomy or shock-wave lithotripsy failure with acceptable complication and stone free rate. Keywords: Endourology; paediatric; percutaneous nephrolithotomy; PNL; urolithiasis
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Family Planning among Married Muslim Women of Reproductive Age
Authors: Dhakal Usha , Shrestha Ram Bahadur , Bohara Surendra Kumar , Neupane Samir
Published: September 2020

Background: Maternal mortality is associated with the unmet need of family planning. Family planning has been subjected as taboos in the Muslim community with low use of its methods. Gulariya Municipality is the second largest community for Muslim. This research focuses on knowledge, attitude and practice of family planning among Muslim women of reproductive age.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study design was undertaken in Gulariya Municipality. Married Muslim women of reproductive age group from 164 households were interviewed using systematic random sampling. Key informant interview was also applied.Results: The percentage of women who have knowledge on family planning methods was found 94.5%. On the means of contraception, most of the women (73.2%) knew about Depo. The attitude of the respondents was seen positive. A total of 79.3% of women were found to have practiced temporary means of family planning while none of the women surveyed were found using permanent family planning methods. Association between all socio-economic and demographic factors with knowledge of family planning methods were found insignificant at 0.05 level of significance. However, association between wealth rank and practices on family planning shows statistically significant association. Conclusions: Majority of women have knowledge on family planning, but still lack knowledge on few method like condom. Most of them found practicing family planning, despite the practice was not seen being done regularly. Language barrier seems to be influencing knowledge, attitude and practice of family planning. The research warrants newer strategies to be developed and employed to deal with the multi-disciplinary prospective of family planning among Muslim women.Keywords: Family planning; knowledge, attitude and practice; muslim women
Urethral Strictures and its Management at Tertiary Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Tiwari Kabir , Upadhaya Amit Mani , Kunwar Ashok , Shrestha Sanjesh Bhakta
Published: September 2020

Background: Urethral stricture can occur from urethral meatus to bladder neck. Treatment of urethral stricture include dilatation, endoscopic incision and anastomotic urethroplasty. The aim of this study is to report our experience in the management of different types of urethral strictures.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the chart of all the patients of urethral stricture who received treatment at Kathmandu model hospital between January 2015 and October 2019. Different types of urethral stricture along with various modalities of treatment given were recorded.Results: Fifty patients were included in this study, all were males. Mean age was 49 (16-82) years. Bulbar urethra was the most common site in 54% of cases and bulbomembranous least common, only 10% of cases. Depending on sites and size of stricture, different types of surgery performed were meatoplasty, dviu and anastomotic urethroplasty.Conclusions: Urethral stricture is a troublesome disease and can occur anywhere from meatus to the bladder neck. Different surgical techniques are present and the treatment should be individualized, depending on location and length of the stricture.Keywords: Urethra; urethral stricture; urethroplasty
Migration of a Broken Kirschner Wire from Lateral End of Clavicle to the Cervical Spine
Authors: Tamrakar Rojan , Chapagain Dinesh
Published: September 2020

Kirschner wire (K-wire) is commonly used in orthopaedics to treat various fractures. Migration of K-wire from the shoulder to different vital organs have been documented in many case reports. The possible explanations for such migration have been mentioned in the various literatures with the recommendations to prevent such complication. We report a case of migration of a broken K-wire to the cervical spine, which was used for the treatment of displaced lateral end fracture of right clavicleKeywords: Cervical spine; kirschner wire; migration,
Diagnostic Accuracy of Risk of Malignancy Indices in Ovarian Tumor
Authors: Baral Gehanath , Joshi Rijuta , Pandit Benju
Published: September 2020

Background: Screening test for ovarian cancer has not been developed yet but several tools exist to predict it. The aim is to find out the relative accuracy of commonly practiced versions of Risk of Malignancy Indices to predict ovarian malignancy pre-operatively.Methods: Intention to treat cross sectional study at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital in Kathmandu during last six months of year 2018. Cases with ovarian mass were taken pre-operatively with serum tumor markers, ultrasound and tumor Doppler study report. Pregnancy and diagnosed malignancy were excluded. Histopathology report traced post-operatively. All five versions of Risk of Malignancy Indices were analyzed by their predictive efficiency and different cut-off value of CA-125.Results: 116 cases of ovarian tumor from 14 to 76 years (mean=35.2±11.7) were studied. There were 8.6% (n=10) malignant pathology; and isolated high vascular flow and solid component may predict malignancy (p=0.000). Up to 12 multiples of normal CA-125 value could not demonstrate clear predictive value for malignancy (p=0.061). By sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy and predictive values were similar for Risk of Malignancy Indices-1 and RMI-5 as well as Risk of Malignancy Indices-2 and Risk of Malignancy Indices-3. Cut-off of 250 is efficient by >90% and best at 300. Sensitivity of all Risk of Malignancy Indices versions were similar at cut-off level of 200, 250 and 300.Conclusions: Isolated value of CA-125 and size of tumor are not useful. All Risk of Malignancy Indices versions are reasonably good. Risk of Malignancy Indices value of 250 or more is the best predictive cut-off. Risk of Malignancy Indices-1 and Risk of Malignancy Indices-5 as well as Risk of Malignancy Indices-2 and Risk of Malignancy Indices-3 have similar predictive accuracy. Doppler study is not mandatory.Keywords: Cut-off value; diagnostic accuracy; ovarian cancer; RMI
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of healthcare workers Towards Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
Authors: Ghimire Prabina , Dhungel Samriddh , Pokhrel Anil
Published: September 2020

Background: The emergence of SARS-CoV 2 pandemic is the greatest public health concern of the century. Healthcare workers are the front liners of pandemic management. Their knowledge, attitudes and practices can influence the outcome of pandemic. The study aims to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices among healthcare workers.Methods: Knowledge, attitude and practice related questionnaire based online survey through Google forms was conducted from Healthcare workers, following ethical approval from NHRC (ERB protocol registration number: 297/2020 P). Online forms were disseminated via Facebook, Instagram, Whatsapp, Viber and personal messaging. Responses containing anonymized data was collected analyzed in using SPSS-version 26, (Year: 2019). The results were interpreted in terms of percentage response, knowledge score, and practice and discussed on the possible solutions in improving the infection prevention and control practice.Results: 473 HCWs responded to the questionnaire, out of which 426 responses met inclusion criteria which is 90% of the total responses. The mean score for knowledge was 3.20 + 1.15 out of maximum seven; with 45.7% correct answers. 70.4 % (300) participants felt that Nepal will be unable to contain the pandemic, 64 % of the total employed participants felt that there was inadequate institutional preparedness to protect HCWs from exposure. 91% participants reported practicing hand hygiene after every patient encounter; whereas 31.7% (77) and 22.1% (59) participants did not know how to check sealing of the N95 masks and use personal protective equipment’s respectively.Conclusions: The survey findings showed deficiencies in knowledge and appropriate practice among the HCWs, in prevention of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Attitudes towards COVID19 were a mix of both positive and negative viewpoints. Even in health care workers with access to internet, there is significant gap in universal infection prevention and control practices required for self-protection and limiting untoward transmission. Keywords: Attitude and practice; COVID-19; healthcare workers; infection prevention and control; knowledge, Nepal; SARS CoV 2
Complementary Role of Public and Private Hospitals for Utilizing Outpatient Services in a Hill District in Nepal
Authors: Kharal Puspa Mani , Bhattarai Prakriti , Bhattarai Prithutam , Thapa Shyam
Published: September 2020

Background: In Nepal, the private sector has prominently emerged as a provider of health services in recent years. The objective of this paper is to assess whether public and private hospitals are competing for patients with similar socioeconomic strata, or providing services to different segments of the patient population. Methods: Data were collected prospectively from one public hospital and one private-for-profit hospital, both located in close proximity to one another in Tanahu district. A total of 384 and 389 patients presenting themselves for outpatient services available at the district public hospital and a private hospital, respectively, were systematically selected and interviewed using a survey form. The profiles of the patients were comparatively analyzed, and the reasons for using a particular hospital were assessed. Binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis.Results: Compared to the patients using the public hospital, patients at the private hospital were younger, possessed a higher level of education, represented indigenous and disadvantaged ethnic groups, and belonged to business or agricultural occupations. The four prominent reasons for using the private hospital were: positive perception/prior experience, followed by recommendation/word-of-mouth, timely availability of services, and trustworthiness. Among the public hospital patients, the prominent reasons were: low fee for services or having insurance, positive perception/prior experience, and trustworthiness. Conclusions: Public and private hospitals have played a complementary role in serving the health needs of different patient population segments in the study district. Keywords: Nepal; private hospital; public hospital; reasons for use; users profile.
POLARISASI PENEGAKAN HUKUM KEIMIGRASIAN KONTEMPORER: AKSIOLOGI NORMATIF - EMPIRIS
Authors: Syahrin M. Alvi
Published: September 2020

Perkembangan globalisasi membawa ragam dampak terhadap Indonesia. Tidak hanya dampak positif, tetapi juga dampak negatif khususnya di bidang keimigrasian. Pelanggaran keimigrasian yang kerap terjadi adalah tindak pidana penyalahgunaan izin tinggal keimigrasian yang dilakukan oleh tenaga kerja asing. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan, maka dapat dijelaskan sebagai berikut. Pertama, proses penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana penyalahgunaan izin tinggal keimigrasian dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu tindakan administrasi keimigrasian dan penyidikan. Prakteknya, petugas lebih sering menerapkan tindakan administratif keimigrasian dalam menyelesaikan kasus penyalahgunaan izin tinggal keimigrasian. Hal ini terjadi karena dengan penanganan administrasi kasus keimigrasian dapat terselesaikan tanpa harus diselesaikan dengan penyidikan. Penyidikan jarang dilaksanakan, karena dirasa tidak efektif, memakan waktu yang relatif lama dalam prosesnya, anggaran yang masih belum memadai dan PPNS Keimigrasian yang sangat terbatas. Kedua, penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana penyalahgunaan izin tinggal keimigrasian sering mengalami hambatan karena pengawasan yang tidak efektif dan kurangnya koordinasi antar instansi terkait. Selain itu, kurangnya PPNS Imigrasi yang menguasai bahasa asing dan terbatasnya jumlah sarana penunjang operasional. Terakhir, masih banyak masyarakat yang tidak kooperatif untuk mengirimkan laporan atau pengaduan tentang keberadaan atau kegiatan tenaga kerja asing yang bermasalah.
MEMBUKA CAKRAWALA TERHADAP AKSES KEADILAN BAGI KORBAN KEJAHATAN SEKSUAL DI INDONESIA: TINJAUAN PARADIGMATIS ATAS PENEGAKAN HUKUM
Authors: Raseukiy Sayyidatiihayaa Afra Geubrina , Aulia Yassar
Published: September 2020

Negara merupakan institusi yang seyogiaya mengakomodir setiap kepentingan masyarakat dan menjunjung tinggi rule of law. Hal ini dikarenakan negara memiliki perkakas untuk mengaktualisasikan hal tersebut, salah satunya melalui sistem hukum yang dianutnya. Bentuk kepentingan masyarakat ini dapat diakomodir salah satunya dengan menjamin akses terhadap keadilan bagi rakyatnya. Salah satu permasalahan yang perlu diakomodir dalam hal ini ialah berkaitan dengan bagaimana korban kejahatan seksual dalam sebuah negara dapat memiliki akses terhadap keadilan yang memadai. Penulis mencoba menggunakan teori sistem hukum yang dilahirkan oleh Lawrence M. Friedman yakni berkenaan tentang substansi hukum, struktur hukum dan budaya hukum untuk mengkaji bagaimana pranata hukum yang tepat untuk mengakomodir akses terhadap keadilan yang baik bagi korban kejahatan seksual di Indonesia.
MENGEFEKTIFKAN SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN DAN MENYEDERHANAKAN SISTEM PARTAI POLITIK: BELAJAR KEPADA PEMILU JERMAN
Authors: Ilham Fajar Septian
Published: September 2020

Pembicaraan mengenai sistem pemerintahan dan sistem partai politik di Indonesia terusmenerus bergulir. Hal ini dikarenakan inefektivitas pada sistem presidensial yang merupakan dampak lebih lanjut dari banyaknya keberadaan partai politik di parlemen yang membentuk sistem multipartai. Oleh karena itu, berbagai ahli mengusulkan agar sistem partai politik lebih disederhanakan. Cara yang harus ditempuh agar sistem partai tersebut dapat disederhanakan adalah dengan melaksanakan pemilihan umum dengan sistem yang tidak memudahkan partai untuk masuk Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat. Salah satu usulan sistem pemilihan umum yang diusulkan adalah Mixed-Member Proportional di Jerman. Artikel ini pada dasarnya bertujuan untuk menjawab tiga pertanyaan besar, yaitu mengapa hingga saat ini Indonesia masih menerapkan sistem daftar representasi proporsional? Mengapa Jerman akhirnya mengubah sistem pemilunya menjadi sistem Mixed Member Proportional? Dan terakhir, bagaimana dampak kedua sistem pemilu dalam mengefektifkan sistem pemerintahan dan penyederhanaan sistem partai politik di kedua negara? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode pendekatan sosio-legal, komparatif, dan deskriptif analitis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, ditemukan kesimpulan bahwa penerapan sistem daftar representasional proporsional di Indonesia dan perubahan sistem pemilihan umum di Jerman disebabkan oleh faktor historis, seperti penjajahan, disintegrasi sosial, jatuh bangun pemerintahan, dan lain sebagainya. Dampak sistem pemilihan umum di kedua negara menunjukan bahwa efektivitas pemerintahan dan penyederhanaan partai politik dapat lebih mudah dicapai dengan sistem Mixed-Member Proportional yang menggabungkan kelebihankelebihan pada sistem pemilu proporsional dan sistem pemilu pluralitas-mayoritas. Oleh karena itu, sistem pemilu tersebut dapat menjadi alternatif solusi untuk permasalahan sistem pemerintahan dan sistem partai politik yang terjadi di Indonesia.
REKONSTRUKSI EKSISTENSI BALAI HARTA PENINGGALAN SEBAGAI WALI PENGAWAS MELALUI HARMONISASI PERATURAN HUKUM TENTANG PERWALIAN
Authors: Shela Natasha
Published: September 2020

Harmonisasi Peraturan perundang-undangan merupakan salah satu komponen terpenting untuk mendorong proses pembangunan hukum dalam rangka mewujudkan konsep negara hukum yang baik di Indonesia. Peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia di bidang perwalian, khususnya mengenai wali pengawas sampai saat ini masih belum mampu memberikan sumbangsih yang besar dalam pembangunan hukum di Indonesia karena antara peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang perwalian yang satu dengan lainnya masih terjadi disharmonisasi, tumpang tindih, benturan asas, dan pertentangan satu sama lain yang menyebabkan kurang jelasnya eksistensi dan peran Balai Harta Peninggalan sebagai wali pengawas dalam perwalian, padahal wali pengawas berperan penting dalam menjamin keberlangsungan pemenuhan hak-hak keperdataan anak yang berada di bawah perwalian. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan sebuah penelitian dengan sifat deskriptif dan pendekatan yuridis empiris yang mengkaji ketentuan hukum yang berlaku dan apa yang tengah terjadi di masyarakat, sehingga diketahui bahwa perlu dilakukan rekonstruksi pemikiran tentang eksistensi Balai Harta Peninggalan sebagai wali pengawas melalui harmonisasi Peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang perwalian sehingga kedepannya kesejahteraan anak yang berada di bawah perwalian dapat terjamin.
Comparison of Dc-Dc SEPIC, CUK and Flyback Converters Based LED Drivers
Authors: Sehirli Erdal
Published: September 2020

This paper presents the comparison of LED driver topologies that include SEPIC, CUK and FLYBACK DC-DC converters. Both topologies are designed for 8W power and operated in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) with 88 kHz switching frequency. Furthermore, inductors of SEPIC and CUK converters are wounded as coupled. Applications are realized by using SG3524 integrated circuit for open loop and PIC16F877 microcontroller for closed loop. Besides, ACS712 current sensor used to limit maximum LED current for closed loop applications. Finally, SEPIC, CUK and FLYBACK DC-DC LED drivers are compared with respect to LED current, LED voltage, input voltage and current. Also, advantages and disadvantages of all topologies are concluded.
Examination of Condition of Historical Transparent Structures of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts
Authors: Spiridonov Alexander V. , Umnyakova Nina P. , Valkin Boris L.
Published: September 2020

The article describes the results of the second part of examination related to transparent structures of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts: the lantern lights. The structures are cultural heritage of federal importance and are subject to state preservation. Based on the results of comprehensive examination, the conclusions were made that these structures are in unsatisfactory condition and materials were prepared for development of recommendations concerning their restoration.
Sun Load Analysis and Testing on Automotive Front Lighting Products
Authors: Öztürk Emre , Aktaş Mehmet , Şenyüz Tunç
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this research is to reach good correlation between sun load simulation and solar focusing test for exterior automotive lighting products. Light coming from sun is highly collimated (parallel rays) and focusable from lenses with concave structure. Focusing incidence leads to a hot spot on lens surrounding plastic parts which may cause melting failures at high temperature zones. Sun load simulation is performing to eliminate risk of discoloration, deformation, out gassing, coating failures and fire with prolonged exposure from field. Irradiance values in W/m2 defined in simulation as heat source depending of an angle of incidence of the sun radiation. At first step, simulation is performing with 5 degree intervals to define the critical zones then intervals decreased to 2 degree to detect the critical azimuth and inclination angles. Critical azimuth and inclination angles is checking with ray trace analysis to check the bouncing of sun rays and possible solution to eliminate focuses with design solutions. After numerical analysis to release and validate the automotive lighting products regarding the sun load test, measurement with first parts is necessary. Measurement is performing for all critical angles which have been detected at simulation with thermal camera under ultra high-collimation solar simulator. Measured temperatures are settled according to environment conditions and correlation is checking with simulations.
Calculation of Net Emission Coefficient for High Intensity Discharge Lamps
Authors: Youssif Rawan Al , Sahab Antoine , Zissis Georges , Malaeb Walid , Hamady Mohamad
Published: September 2020

There is still great interest in studying high intensity discharge (HID) lamps despite the great development of other light sources like light emitting diodes (LEDs). Basic equations and numerical formulations allow calculating important terms such as the net emission coefficient (NEC) that plays an important role in understanding the radiation behaviour of these lamps. These lamps are considered to be at high pressure and the produced plasma was found to be at local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). The volume of the lamp is meshed into small cells and the total number of cells represents a compromise between correct results and calculation time. Each cell has its own local absorption and emission coefficient that applies to its position in the discharge. Line profile is calculated by two profiles convolution: one is Lorentz’s and the second one is a quasi-static profile. Ray tracing technique is used to resolve the radiation transport for the visible and ultra violet (UV) spectrum. The NEC is thus calculated and compared with other models for a pure mercury discharge. In addition, additional photometric properties of the lamp are obtained.
Design, Development and Practical Realization of a VLC Supportive Indoor Lighting System
Authors: Chatterjee Sourish , Roy Biswanath
Published: September 2020

In an office space, an LED-based lighting system allows you to perform the function of a data transmitter. This article discusses the cost-effective design and development of a data-enabled LED driver that can transmit data along with its receiving part. In addition, this paper clearly outlines the application of the proposed VLC system in an office environment where ambient light interference is a severe issue of concern. The result shows satisfactory lighting characteristics in general for this area in terms of average horizontal illuminance and illuminance uniformity. At the same time, to evaluate real-time and static communication performance, Arduino interfaced MATLAB Simulink model is developed, which shows good communication performance in terms of BER (10–7) even in presence of ambient light noise with 6 dB signal to interference plus noise ratio. Our designed system is also flexible to work as a standalone lighting system, whenever data communication is not required.
Topics Important for the up-to-date Interior Lighting Professional
Authors: van Bommel Wout
Published: September 2020

To avoid disappointments with LED lighting installations, detailed knowledge of the typical characteristics of the many different solid-state light sources is essential, while already long-available information on vision and colour seeing has to be combined with entirely new fundamental research on the relationship between lighting on the one hand and vision, performance, comfort, health and well-being on the other hand. Lighting has apart from visual effects also far-reaching non-visual biological effects. These effects influence the way our body “operates” and therefore, influence our health, well-being and alertness. Interior lighting installations today have to be designed so that they provide both suitable visual and non-visual biological effects, while adverse effects of lighting, like flicker, blue light hazard and disruption of the biological clock, are avoided.
LEDs offer the possibility to use them not only for lighting but also for data transmission. The use of LED lighting as a means for data communication is referred to as “light beyond illumination”. Visible Light Communication (VLC), LiFi, and light itself used as sensor are part of this subject. The modern lighting professional has to get familiarised with these new technologies and applications.
The author of this article published in 2019 the book “Interior Lighting, fundamentals, technology and application” with Springer [1]. It discusses in 500 pages all topics important for the up-to-date interior lighting professional. The present overview article is entirely based on this book and follows the same chapter structure. Each chapter also describes, as an example, one or two crucial aspects in more detail.
Mantra Pakasih dalam Masyarakat Banjar di Desa Mina Padi Kecamatan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut
Authors: Susilawati Erni , HB Akhmad , Cahyani Irni
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini membahas tentang “Mantra Pakasih dalam Masyarakat Banjar di Desa Mina Padi Kecamatan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut”. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) mendeskripsikan struktur mantra pakasih dalam masyarakat Banjar di Desa Mina Padi Kecamatan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut. (2) mendeskripsikan fungsi mantra pakasih dalam masyarakat Banjar di Desa Mina Padi Kecamatan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut. (3) mendeskripsikan makna mantra pakasih dalam masyarakat Banjar di Desa Mina Padi Kecamatan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut.

Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan antropologi sastra, jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teks mantra pakasih yang berjumlah 11 mantra, yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan beberapa orang masyarakat Banjar yang bertempat tinggal di Desa Mina Padi Kecamatan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut. Prosedur pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik observasi, teknik wawancara, dan teknik dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif analisis.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh simpulan sebagai berikut: (1) Struktur mantra pakasih dalam masyarakat Banjar di Desa Mina Padi Kecamatan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut menggunakan struktur baris pembuka yang selalu diawali dengan Bismillaahirrahmaaanirrahim. Baris isinya hampir semua ditandai dengan selalu menyebutkan nama orang yang akan yang akan dituju. Sedangkan baris penutupnya berbeda-beda. Ada yang menggunakan lafadz barakatLaa illahailallah Muhammadarasulullah, ada juga yang menggunakan kalimat berkat Allah Taalla dan kalimat Farduku karena Allah Taalla. Walaupun baris penutup yang digunakan tidak sama, namun struktur mantranya tetap sama.(2) Fungsi mantra pakasih dalam masyarakat Banjar di Desa Mina Padi Kecamatan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut, adalah sebagai pengantar atau alat untuk memperkuat permohonan doa kepada Sang Pencipta, baik secara langsung maupun melalui perantara roh-roh leluhur dan makhluk halus yang dipercayai memiliki kekuatan gaib yang dapat digunakan untuk menambah kepercayaan diri Si pengguna, menjadi pusat perhatian di tengah orang banyak, memikat orang yang disukai, dan menjadikan orang sayang dan kasih kepada pembaca mantra. (3) Makna mantra pakasih dalam masyarakat Banjar di Desa Mina Padi Kecamatan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut memiliki makna yang berkenaan dengan hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan, berkenaan dengan hubungan manusia dengan roh-roh leluhur, berkenaan dengan hubungan manusia dengan sesamanya, dan berkenaan dengan manusia dengan dirinya sendiri. Makna yang terkandung dalam mantra-mantra tersebut harus diyakini dan dipercayai oleh orang yang membacakannya agar setiap doa yang dipanjatkan dapat terkabul
Nilai Profetik Transendensi dalam Novel Semua Ikan di Langit Karya Ziggy Zezsyazeoviennazabrizkie
Authors: Komalasari Ida
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan  nilai profetik trasendensi dalam novel Semua Ikan di Langit karya Ziggy Zezsyazeoviennazabrizkie. Penelitian dan pembahasan ini menggunakan pendekatan strukturalisme-dinamik  dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data hermeneutik. Adapun hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu mengungkapkan dan mendeskrispikan aspek transendesi sebagai berikut. Pertama, pengakuan tentang ketergantungan manusia kepada Tuhan tampak  melalui perasaan dan keyakinan tang terdapat dalam diri manusia. Kedua, ada perbedaan mutlak antara Tuhan dan manusia yang ditandai dengan pengakuan keterbatasan diri manusia serta kesempurnaan yang dimiliki Tuhan. Ketiga, pengakuan akan adanya norma-norma mutlak dari Tuhan yang tidak berasal dari manusia melalui kepatuhan dan ketaatan manusia terhadap ketetapan dari Tuhan
Peningkatan Memahami Teks Cerita Siswa Menggunakan Metode PQ4R
Authors: Dewi Susana , Saihu Muhammad
Published: September 2020

Pelaksanaan pembelajaran membaca wacana, Siswa sulit memahami Teks Cerita Inspiratif dengan menjawab pertanyaan bacaan yang isinya memuat garis besar isi bacaan.Alternatif untuk memecahkan permasalahan ini dipilih metode yang sesuai yaitu Metode PQ4R. Dengan metode ini siswa dapat meningkatkan kemampuan memahami Teks Cerita Inspiratif .Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah “untuk mengetahui Peningkatan Kemampuan Memahami Teks Cerita Inspiratif  Dengan Metode PQ4R siswa IX-C SMP Negeri 1 Martapura Kabupaten Banjar Semester Genap  tahun pelajaran 2018/2019”.  hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan hal hal berikut : Peningkatan kemampuan memahami Teks Cerita Inspiratif dapat dilihat dari Hasil pengamatan aktivitas meningkat dari siklus I ke siklus II. Komponen yang berkualifikasi cukup pada siklus sbeelumnya meningkat menjadi kualifikasi cukup baik, begitu juga dari kualifikasi cukup baik menjadi baik.Hasil kemampuan siswa menyelesaikan LKS meningkat dari siklus I ke siklus II. Hasil rata-rata tes pemahaman terhadap Teks Cerita Inspiratif meningkat dari 14,08 dari siklus I ke siklus II (dari 70,31 menjadi 84,38). Ketuntasan belajar sebagai indikator peningatan pemahaman Teks Cerita Inspiratif secara klasikal juga meningkat 31,04% dari siklus I ke siklus II (dari 59,28 menjadi 90,32%)
Pandangan Dunia Humanisme Teosentris dalam Novel Kantring Genjer-Genjer Karya Teguh Winarsho
Authors: Safe’i Badarudin , Mustaghfiroh Siti
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini mengambil objek material novel Kantring Genjer-Genjer karya Teguh Winarsho. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pandangan dunia (vision du monde) pengarang yang diekspresikan dalam novel Kantring Genjer-Genjer. Sementara itu, teori sastra yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Strukturalisme Genetik. Teori sastra ini dikembangkan oleh Lucien Goldmann. Menurut teori ini, antara struktur karya sastra dengan struktur sosial dianggap memiliki hubungan, tetapi hubungan tersebut bukan bersifat langsung melainkan dimediasi oleh pandangan dunia. Dengan kata lain, pandangan dunia menjadi jembatan penghubung antara struktur karya sastra dan struktur sosial pengarang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode dialektik. Metode ini bekerja dengan pemahaman bolak-balik antara pandangan dunia, struktur teks, dan struktur sosial pengarang
Pemerolehan Fonologi pada Kasus Azzahra (0-2 Tahun)
Authors: Agustina Lili , Kasmilawati Isna
Published: September 2020

Perkembangan anak dalam memperoleh bahasa di lingkungannya sangat luar biasa. Anak dengan mudah mengucapkan dan meniru apa yang didengarkan bahkan dapat menyusun sebuah rangkaian bahasa yang tidak pernah anak tersebut dengar. Pemerolehan bahasa (language acquisition) merupakan proses anak memperoleh bahasanya. Pemerolehan bahasa seperti yang dijelaskan oleh para ahli adalah identik dengan pemerolehan bahasa pertama atau bahasa ibu.

Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik simak dan teknik cakap setiap  bunyi  yang diucapkan oleh Azzahra. Dengan penggunaan kedua metode ini dapat membantu peneliti untuk mendapatkan data yang diperlukan. Teknik simak yang dilakukan secara alami (natural) setiap bunyi yang diucapkan oleh Azzahra.

Hasil penelitian pemerolehan bunyipada kasus Azzahra pada usia (0-1 tahun)yaitupemerolehanbunyivokal, seperti[a], [i], [e], [ꞓ],[u]. Bunyi konsonan yang terdapat padausiainiadalah[b], [p], [m], [n], [d], [k], [y], [t]. Polatersebut berbentuk unit suku kata yang pertama kali muncul adalah KV (konsonan dan vokal). Berdasarkan data suku kata padausiainimemiliki struktur KV,VV, KVK, KV-KV, VKV, KV-KVK. Struktur yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah KVKV. Memasukiusia (2:0) dalam pemerolehan bunyi, Zahra mampu mengucapkan fonem [o], yaitu pada kata /onti aunty/. Fonem bunyi konsonan juga bertambah dengan adanya fonem [j], [w], [s], dan [ή].Pemerolehan suku kata atau silaba pada tahun kedua juga hampir sama dengan tahun pertama. Silaba yang digunakan adalah VK, KV, VKV, KV-KV, VK-VK, VK-KV, KVK, KV-KVK. Bunyi satu suku kata lebih dominan pada tahun kedua, dengan mengucapkan suku kata terakhir setiap kata, misalnya /cing/ ‘kucing’, /pu/ ‘sapu’, /num/ ‘minum’, /kan/ ‘makan’.Berdasarkan data yang telah dikumpulkan pada kasus Azzahra, secara signifikan pemerolehan bahasa umur 2:0 tidak mengalami peningkatan yang pesat. Pada kasus Azzahra lebih banyak menunjuk untuk  mengatakan sesuatu, memahami apa yang disampaikankepadanya tetapi tidak secara aktif untuk berkomunikasi di lingkunganya
Elderly Diabetic Patients with Effective Add-on Therapy of Dulaglutide as a GLP-1 Receptor Analogue (GLP-1 RA)
Authors: Takehisa Yozo , Bando Hiroshi
Published: September 2020

Background: For diabetic treatment, Dulaglutide has been used and effective as a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor analogue (GLP-1 RA). This report is to describe the various responses and to analyze dulaglutide administration in the elderly with DM. Case presentation: Two patients were Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) treated with add-on therapy of Dulaglutide. Case 1 is 81-year-old female is diabetic for 2 years, and on Metformin and Glimepiride as Oral Hypoglycemic Agents (OHAs). Her HbA1c was higher with 10.6% and she was started to given Dulaglutide 0.75mg. Remarkable efficacy was found in 3 months with HbA1c 6.7%. Value of LDL-C increased from 135 mg/dL to 158 mg/dL. Case 2 is 83-year-old male with 27 years of diabetes. He was on medication of Metformin and Glimepiride. His HbA1c persisted around 9.0%-9.4%, then he was provided Dulaglutide as add-on therapy. In 3 months, HbA1c decreased to 8.2% and LDL-C increased from 57 mg/dL to 116 mg/dL. Discussion and conclusion: Dulaglutide is a useful GLP-1 RA with once a week administration. There were some reports concerning LDL changes after dulaglutide therapy, showing that the changes may depend on the basal LDL value before the administration of dulaglutide. Dulaglutide may influence lipid metabolism. This report is expected to become reference in diabetic practice and research in the future.
Beef Production in the Rangelands: A Comparative Assessment between Pastoralism and Large-Scale Ranching in Laikipia County, Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Veronica , Owuor Samuel , Kiteme Boniface , Giger Markus
Published: September 2020

Beef production in Kenya is the forte of pastoralists and large-scale ranches in the Arid and Semi-Arid areas. Cross sectional data was collected from 67 pastoralists and seven large-scale ranches, selected through multistage stratified sampling. Comparative descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and analysis of production constraints were done with the objective of assessing the pastoralists and large-scale ranches direct economic gains, constraints to production and potential for upgrading. Gross margin analysis showed that beef production is profitable for both pastoralists and large-scale ranches. However, large-scale ranches had much higher gross margins of up to six times more. There were significant differences in the live weight of cattle, prices and livestock selling channels and cost of production. Drought, livestock diseases, invasive plant species, lack of water and human-wildlife conflict were among factors limiting productivity of pastoralists. The difference in gross margins indicates existing potential for pastoralists to improve their earnings through a combination of product, process, and functional upgrading. Addressing key constraints to production can contribute to better gains and strengthen coexistence between pastoralists and large-scale ranches. Strategies and programmes to enhance cattle fattening, provision of livestock extension services, affordable feed inputs and collaboration between the two production systems should be considered in upgrading.