bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACTO DA METODOLOGIA LEAN NA PERMANÊNCIA DOS PACIENTES DE UM PRONTO SOCORRO
Authors: Rocha Diego Oliveira , Maraschin Maristela , Tonini Nelsi Salete , Borges Fabieli , Cunha Mirelle Antunes
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: identificar a média de permanência dos pacientes antes e após a aplicação da metodologia Lean em um Pronto Socorro de um Hospital de Ensino.Método: estudo transversal, retrospectivo, documental, quantitativo. Os dados foram coletados em dezembro de 2019 via sistema TASY. Obteve-se a relação dos pacientes internados no pronto socorro no período de novembro de 2018 a novembro de 2019, no Oeste do Paraná – Brasil. Procedeu-se análise estatística descritiva e uso do programa Statistica 7.0, com os testes Levene e Scheff.Resultados: identificou-se aumento de 61% no número de internamentos, redução de 30% no tempo de permanência e 26% do tempo máximo de permanência registrado. Entretanto, não houve diferença significativa no período antes e depois do Lean no tempo de permanência. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que o Lean possui potencial para colaborar no aperfeiçoamento do fluxo de pacientes, aumentando os atendimentos e reduzindo o tempo de permanência na unidade.
IDOSOS VINCULADOS À ATENÇÃO DOMICILIAR DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE: CARACTERIZAÇÃO, MORBIDADES E ACESSO AOS SERVIÇOS
Authors: Ramos Gilmara , Predebon Mariane Lurdes , Dal Pizzol Fernanda Laís Fengler , Soares Juana Vieira , Paskulin Lisiane Manganelli Girardi , Rosset Idiane
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar idosos que recebem Atenção Domiciliar da Atenção Primária quanto às variáveis sociodemográficas, morbidades e acesso aos serviços de saúde por sexo e faixa etária.Método: estudo transversal analítico com 124 idosos da Atenção Domiciliar Tipo 1, realizado entre 2018 e 2019 através de visita domiciliar. Foi aplicado questionário sobre dados socioeconômicos, morbidades e acesso aos serviços. Utilizou-se os testes t-Student, Mann-Whitney, qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher.Resultados: a média de idade foi de 82,8 anos e predominou o sexo feminino. A maioria dos idosos mais velhos estudou de zero a quatro anos e era viúva. Dentre as morbidades, a hipertensão prevaleceu e a artrose apresentou associação significativa com o sexo feminino (p=0,004). Em relação ao acesso, as mulheres recebiam visita domiciliar com menor frequência (p=0,033).Conclusão: esses dados poderão subsidiar a implementação de intervenções, além de identificar possíveis melhorias nessa modalidade de atendimento.
PASSAGEM DE PLANTÃO DA ENFERMAGEM: DESENVOLVIMENTO E VALIDAÇÃO DE INSTRUMENTOS PARA QUALIFICAR A CONTINUIDADE DO CUIDADO
Authors: Echer Isabel Cristina , Boni Fernanda Guarilha , Juchem Beatriz Cavalcanti , Mantovani Vanessa Monteiro , Pasin Simone Silveira , Caballero Larissa Gussatschenko , Lucena Amália De Fátima
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: desenvolver e validar o conteúdo de instrumentos para padronizar a passagem de plantão da enfermagem.Método: estudo de desenvolvimento e validação por consenso de especialistas, conduzido de janeiro a julho de 2019 em hospital do sul do Brasil. Participaram do estudo 24 profissionais de diferentes áreas, incluindo enfermeiros, técnicos e professores de enfermagem, com experiência na passagem de plantão hospitalar. Avaliou-se abrangência, clareza e pertinência dos itens dos instrumentos, sendo validados pelos especialistas sobre cada item dos instrumentos desenvolvidos,obtendo-se índice de concordância de 93%.Resultados: foram elaborados o “Formulário de Passagem de Plantão”, contemplando identificação dos pacientes, informações clínicas e intercorrências de cada turno, e o “Procedimento Operacional Padrão para Passagem de Plantão”, descrevendo atividades a serem realizadas para garantir a transmissão de informações precisas.Considerações finais: os instrumentos elaborados podem nortear a passagem de plantão da enfermagem na prática clínica, promovendo a continuidade e segurança do cuidado.
VULNERABILIDADE PROGRAMÁTICA ÀS IST/AIDS NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE: UM HABITUS PERMEADO PELA VIOLÊNCIA SIMBÓLICA
Authors: França Inacia Satiro Xavier de , Basílio Emerson Eduardo Farias , Aragão Jamilly Da Silva , Magalhães Isabella Medeiros de Oliveira , Pereira Amanda De Brito Rangel , Coura Alexsandro Silva
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: identificar a vulnerabilidade programática às Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/aids na Atenção Primária à Saúde.Método: estudo descritivo, realizado no ano de 2018, em 52 Unidades Básicas de Saúde de um município do nordeste brasileiro. Aplicou-se um Questionário com o responsável técnico  da unidade, identificando os marcadores de vulnerabilidade, que foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva e à luz da sociologia do Poder Simbóilco de Bourdieu.Resultados: destacaram-se com média vulnerabilidade programática as unidades com relação à infraestrutura (55,3%), ações de prevenção (67,8%) e tratamento (60,4%). E com baixa vulnerabilidade as unidades com relação às ações de pré-natal e puerpério em relação à atenção às IST/aids (93,2%) e a integração das ações (61,5%).Conclusão: apesar da potencialidade dos marcadores do pré-natal e puerpério e da integração de ações, as fragilidades em maior frequência indicam que a Atenção Primária à Saúde ainda é permeada por violência simbólica na assistência às IST/aids.
CORDEL PARA APOIAR MÃES COM FILHOS INTERNADOS EM UNIDADE NEONATAL DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Chaves Anne Fayma Lopes , Cunha Antonia Lucileide Andrade da , Santos Bruna Kely Oliveira , Nascimento Bruno De Melo do , Santos Letícia Leandro dos , Frota Natasha Marques , Rocha Rebeca Silveira
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: construir uma literatura de cordel para apoiar mães com filhos internados em unidade neonatal durante a pandemia de covid-19.Método: pesquisa metodológica realizada em junho de 2020 em duas etapas: 1. Levantamento bibliográfico, com buscas no Portal de Boas Práticas em Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente da Fiocruz e em bases de dados internacionais. Foi utilizado instrumento para análise dos dados; 2. Elaboração do cordel: elaboração textual e confecção das estrofes.Resultados: o cordel construído, “Pequeno Milagre de Mainha”, é constituído por 13 septilhas (estrofes com sete versos) e aborda em seu conteúdo as emoções de mães com filhos internados em unidade neonatal durante a pandemia covid-19.Conclusão: o cordel visa ser um apoio às instituições de saúde que dispõem de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal no que concerne à saúde mental das mães e orientações durante a pandemia de covid-19.
MENTAL HEALTH CARE IN OLDER ADULTS DURING THE COVID-19 POST – NEW NORMALITY TRANSITION
Authors: Mazatán-Ochoa Cecilia Ixel , González-Soto Cinthia Elizabeth , Agüero-Grande José Alberto , Guerrero-Castañeda Raúl Fernando
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar as evidências disponíveis e propor cuidados sobre saúde mental para idosos na transição para a pós-pandemia. Desenvolvimento: a crise global vivida atualmente pela pandemia causada pela COVID-19 causou o isolamento dos idosos. Devido ao distanciamento, tem sido potencializada a presença de sintomas psicológicos que afetam a saúde mental dos idosos, mas é necessário pensar na prevalência desses sintomas e em suas consequências na transição para a nova normalidade. Considerações finais: O Modelo da Maré demanda cuidados de Enfermagem em saúde mental, sendo o papel dos enfermeiros o de promover estratégias que facilitem a tomada de decisões em favor da saúde mental pelo próprio idoso em seu processo adaptativo.
Test Report Deposit
Authors: Carberry Jo
Published: April 2021

abstract
RESTORATION TO SERVICE PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 42 OF THE ACT OF 6 APRIL 1990 ON POLICE — SELECTED ISSUES
Authors: GACEK PAWEŁ
Published: April 2021

The article is entirely devoted to issues related to restoration to service based on Article 42 of the Act on the Police. Restoration to service occurs by virtue of law upon the occurrence of the conditions referred to in Article 42(1) or (7) of the Act on the Police. Restoration to service does not, however, mean admission to the service. A police offi cer must declare readiness for immediate service in order for the supervisor to verify whether he/she has all of the qualities that are necessary to perform it. The conditions contained in Article 42(2) and (3) of the Act on the Police must be completed in order for the police offi cer to be appointed to an offi cial post.
USE OF FIREARMS AS A SPECIAL FORM OF ENFORCING COMPLIANCE WITH STATE LAW IN PEACE TIME
Authors: ILNICKI MAREK
Published: April 2021

In Poland, more than twenty entities of the state’s internal security system are entitled to use fi rearms in the event of a necessity, to effectively oppose specifi c threats. Intervention with the use of direct coercive measures signifi cantly limits human rights and freedoms, hence itthis intervention must be done legally and carried out carefully. Therefore, the
purpose of the article is to present the conditions for the use of fi rearms in peace time by legally appointed offi cers, as well as to assess the adequacy of legislative regulations regarding the situational and environmental dependence of the usage of fi rearms.
Barwniki karmelowe w świetle badań naukowych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ich toksyczności
Authors: Buczkowska Marta , Paciorek Kamila , Kapcińska Anna , Górski Michał
Published: April 2021

Streszczenie

Barwniki karmelowe to jedne z najbardziej rozpowszechnionych na świecie dodatków do żywności, które podzielono na cztery klasy (I–IV), oznaczone odpowiednio symbolami E150 a-d. Poszczególne klasy karmeli różnią się właściwościami fizyko-chemicznymi oraz sposobem otrzymywania, co wpływa na powstawanie różnych związków, istotnych dla oceny bezpieczeństwa żywności.

Przeprowadzono wiele badań wszystkich klas karmeli, w tym badania toksykokinetyczne, genotoksyczne, rakotwórcze oraz badania toksyczności reprodukcyjnej i rozwojowej, które nie wykazały ich szkodliwości, w dawkach nieprzekraczających ADI. Rośnie jednak liczba doniesień naukowych o możliwym działaniu toksycznym, obecnych w karmelach związków niskocząsteczkowych. Obecnie za ważne z toksykologicznego punktu widzenia oraz ze względu na możliwe stężenie w produkcie końcowym, uznaje się trzy związki: 5-HMF (występujący we wszystkich klasach), 4(5)-MeI (obecny w karmelu klasy III i IV) czy THI (obecny w karmelu klasa III). 4(5)-MeI działa neurotoksycznie, a w 2011 r. został uznany za związek o możliwym działaniu rakotwórczym dla człowieka (klasa 2B, wg IARC). W przypadku THI badania potwierdziły jego aktywność limfopeniczną, prawdopodobnie wtórną do działania immunosupresyjnego. W latach 80. ub. w. JECFA ustalił dopuszczalne stężenia 4(5)-MeI oraz THI w odniesieniu do klas karmeli, w których związki te mogą występować. Toksyczność 5-HMF nie została jednoznacznie potwierdzona, ale przeprowadzone badania wskazują, że związek ten nie jest obojętny dla organizmów żywych.

Obecnie większość organizacji międzynarodowych i instytutów naukowych, uznaje te dodatki za bezpieczne dla konsumentów, ale jednocześnie naukowcy podkreślają potrzebę prowadzenia dalszym badań.

Celem pracy jest przegląd dostępnego piśmiennictwa i doniesień dotyczących karmeli ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ich charakterystyki toksykologicznej.
Multi-omics integration strategies for animal epigenetic studies — A review
Authors: Kim Do-Young , Kim Jun-Mo
Published: April 2021

Genome-wide studies provide considerable insights into the genetic background of animals; however, the inheritance of several heritable factors cannot be elucidated. Epigenetics explains these heritabilities, including those of genes influenced by environmental factors. Knowledge of the mechanisms underlying epigenetics enables understanding the processes of gene regulation through interactions with the environment. Recently developed next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies help understand the interactional changes in epigenetic mechanisms. There are large sets of NGS data available; however, the integrative data analysis approaches still have limitations with regard to reliably interpreting the epigenetic changes. This review focuses on the epigenetic mechanisms and profiling methods and multi-omics integration methods that can provide comprehensive biological insights in animal genetic studies.
Semen evaluation: methodological advancements in sperm quality-specific fertility assessment — A review
Authors: Tanga Bereket Molla , Qamar Ahmad Yar , Raza Sanan , Bang Seonggyu , Fang Xun , Yoon Kiyoung , Cho Jongki
Published: April 2021

Assessment of male fertility is based on the evaluation of sperm. Semen evaluation measures various sperm quality parameters as fertility indicators. However, semen evaluation has limitations, and it requires the advancement and application of strict quality control methods to interpret the results. This article reviews the recent advances in evaluating various sperm-specific quality characteristics and methodologies, with the help of different assays to assess sperm-fertility status. Sperm evaluation methods that include conventional microscopic methods, computer-assisted sperm analyzers (CASA), and flow cytometric analysis, provide precise information related to sperm morphology and function. Moreover, profiling fertility-related biomarkers in sperm or seminal plasma can be helpful in predicting fertility. Identification of different sperm proteins and diagnosis of DNA damage has positively contributed to the existing pool of knowledge about sperm physiology and molecular anomalies associated with different infertility issues in males. Advances in methods and sperm-specific evaluation has subsequently resulted in a better understanding of sperm biology that has improved the diagnosis and clinical management of male factor infertility. Accurate sperm evaluation is of paramount importance in the application of artificial insemination and assisted reproductive technology. However, no single test can precisely determine fertility; the selection of an appropriate test or a set of tests and parameters is required to accurately determine the fertility of specific animal species. Therefore, a need to further calibrate the CASA and advance the gene expression tests is recommended for faster and field-level applications.
Drinking water consumption in domestic activities by students from the city of Afuá, Amazon region, Pará, Brazil
Authors: Maia Calebe , Mendes Fabrício Lemos de Siqueira , Silva Mauro Márcio Tavares , Kato Ricardo Bentes
Published: April 2021

A água é um recurso natural fundamental para todas as formas de vida existentes na Terra. No entanto, de toda água existente no planeta, menos de 3% é doce, e deste percentual apenas 0,01% é utilizado para o consumo humano e de outros seres vivos. Nesse sentido, há constante preocupação, quanto à qualidade e a quantidade disponível deste recurso. Neste trabalho objetivou-se analisar o volume de água potável utilizado em atividades domésticas por discentes do município de Afuá (PA). A coleta dos dados foi realizada em julho de 2014. Participaram da pesquisa 46 discentes do Curso de Pós-Graduação Lato Senso em Educação Ambiental. Estes preencheram uma tabela conforme o consumo diário de água em suas atividades domésticas. Posteriormente os dados foram analisados estatisticamente através da frequência relativa do consumo total de água em litro por habitantes nas residências. Os resultados mostraram que o maior gasto de água, entre as atividades diárias, foi durante o banho, seguido por lavagem de roupa. Portanto, o ato de tomar banho, é atividade que mais utiliza água potável nos domicílios dos discentes. As simples mudanças de hábitos no cotidiano podem representar o uso sustentável de um recurso tão importante como a água.
Teatralidade humana: clownificando o ambiente hospitalar
Authors: Amaral Augusto Luis Medeiros
Published: April 2021

Este artigo baseia-se em uma pesquisa-intervenção realizada em laboratório e objetiva mobilizar a capacidade intuitiva, inventiva, relacional e afetiva do humano. A contribuição metodológica aqui apresentada é embasada na oficina “Experimentações Estéticas: clownificando o ambiente hospitalar” realizada no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande. A pesquisa, em andamento, é fundada na concepção de Educação Ambiental de Felix Guattari (As Três Ecologias), e vem indicando a necessidade de promovermos ações que fomentem a autogestão, a participação, a autonomia, bem como a capacidade de criar alternativas diante dos problemas e obstáculos. Evidencia um processo de intervenção socioambiental inspirado na metodologia sociopoética e aponta para a necessidade de criarmos estratégias que potencializem a solidariedade e tornem o humano capaz de enfrentar condicionamentos e dualidades. Isto acontece na medida em que os participantes da oficina avançam no processo de nascimento do clown, na experimentação de modos de existência inspirados em valores ético-estéticos. Indica que é necessário desconfiar dos ambientes que obstaculizam o encontro dos corpos, que reduzam o tato, o contato, a interação dos corpos. Ao colocar o corpo como objeto de análise é preciso avançar com relação a uma abordagem mais ampla, interdisciplinar e multiprofissional, este tem sido o desafio do projeto de extensão “Raiz do Riso”, no qual se insere esta pesquisa.
Compilation and testing the reliability of questionnaires about the fear of blood extraction (venipuncture) among students of Medical Faculty of Kragujevac
Authors: Milutinović Suzana , Stanković Ana , Ivanović Sunčica , Trgovčević Sanja , Kilibarda Tatjana
Published: April 2021

It is of particular importance to use validated questionnaires to remove fear of needles and blood collection, as this public health problem has been observed in a large number of patients and may inadequately affect medical healthcare. The aim of the study was to conduct a research on the reliability of the questionnaire on the fear of blood sampling among students of the Faculty of Medical Sciences in Kragujevac. The method used in this research was a cross-sectional study. The sample involved the students of medicine, pharmacy, dentistry and professional studies of health care at the Faculty of Medical Sciences in Kragujevac (Republic of Serbia), a total of 300 students, which was 20% of the student population at the aforementioned faculty. The research instrument was the questionnaire The Blood-Injection Symptom Scale (BISS) which contained 22 questions. The research lasted one month during 2016. Statistical data processing was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Cronbach's Alpha value - 0.894 and other parameters used to determine reliability showed a high reliability of this questionnaire. After explorative factor analysis, three factors that most affect adverse outcomes for venepuncture were obtained - vasovagal symptoms that occur as a result of fear, fear of needles and consequences of puncture, and the fear of hospitals and personnel who take blood samples. The BISS questionnaire showed good reliability in the population of students of the Faculty of Medicine in Kragujevac and can be used in the general population for examining the fear of needles, the consequences of needle stings, fear of hospitals and people who take blood samples, and therefore to prevent these symptoms.
Protein-protein interaction networks and protein-ligand docking: Contemporary insights and future perspectives
Authors: Velesinović Aleksandar , Nikolić Goran
Published: April 2021

Traditional research means, such as in vitro and in vivo models, have consistently been used by scientists to test hypotheses in biochemistry. Computational (in silico) methods have been increasingly devised and applied to testing and hypothesis development in biochemistry over the last decade. The aim of in silico methods is to analyze the quantitative aspects of scientific (big) data, whether these are stored in databases for large data or generated with the use of sophisticated modeling and simulation tools; to gain a fundamental understanding of numerous biochemical processes related, in particular, to large biological macromolecules by applying computational means to big biological data sets, and by computing biological system behavior. Computational methods used in biochemistry studies include proteomics-based bioinformatics, genome-wide mapping of protein-DNA interaction, as well as high-throughput mapping of the protein-protein interaction networks. Some of the vastly used molecular modeling and simulation techniques are Monte Carlo and Langevin (stochastic, Brownian) dynamics, statistical thermodynamics, molecular dynamics, continuum electrostatics, protein-ligand docking, protein-ligand affinity calculations, protein modeling techniques, and the protein folding process and enzyme action computer simulation. This paper presents a short review of two important methods used in the studies of biochemistry - protein-ligand docking and the prediction of protein-protein interaction networks.
Assessment of nutritional composition and antifungal potential of bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria from 'Kati' against toxigenic Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Oladimeji Gabriel , Olusola Ogidi , Oladiti Olaniyi , Akinyele Bamidele
Published: April 2021

In this study, the nutrient contents of "Kati", a fermented cereal-based food, was revealed and antifungal activity of bacteriocin producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from "Kati" was assessed against aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus). The protein content (9.29%) of "Kati" was higher than (p < 0.05) wet milled-fermented sorghum (6.17%). During fermentation of milled sorghum to ready-to-eat 'Kati', anti-nutrient contents was reduced (p < 0.05) from 1.22 to 0.72 mg/100 g, 3.13 to 1.13 mg/100 g and 7.31 to 3.02 mg/100 g for tannin, phenol and phytates, respectively. Molecular technique revealed the identity of isolated LAB as Lactobacillus pentosus BS MP-10, L. paracasei 4G330, L. brevis ABRIINW, L. casei KG-5, L. sakei strain RFI LAB03, L. fermentum JCM 8607, L. plantarum KLDS 1.0607, L. rhamnosus JCM 8602 and L. lactis XLL1734. Among the isolated LAB, L. plantarum, L. lactis and L. fermentum have significant (p < 0.05) zones of inhibition of 11.0 mm, 9.1 mm and 7.8 mm, respectively, against aflatoxigenic A. flavus. The pronounced antifungal potency of L. plantarum cell free supernatant could be attributed to the presence of 3-phenyllactic acid, benzeneacetic acid, plantaricin (bacteriocin) as revealed by gas chromatography/mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). LAB produced metabolites with antifungal property that contributed to shelf life, flavor and nutrient contents of fermented foods.
The enterprise potential, individual entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intentions of students in Serbia
Authors: Rajković Jelena , Poštin Jasmina , Konjikušić Marko , Jagodić-Rusić Aleksandra , Stojković Hadži , Nikolić Milan
Published: April 2021

In this paper are given the findings of the research of the effects of five variables on the dimensions of the enterprise potential, individual entrepreneurial orientation, the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and dimension entrepreneurial intention, by students. The effects of the following variables are observed: Gender, One of my parents has a private business, The year in which the student is studying, Student success in learning and studying and The financial opportunities to start a new business. The respondents are studying at seven faculties in Serbia. The sample included 488 respondents. The most influential variable on the dimension entrepreneurial intentions is the financial opportunities to start a new business. Also, men have more pronounced entrepreneurial intentions. Success in studies positively influences entrepreneurial potentials and proactivity, while the possession of finance positively influences entrepreneurial intentions and risk readiness. In cases of successful studies and the possession of finance, women are more motivated, more determined, and have more pronounced entrepreneurial intentions (especially in the case of having financial resources). Although men may show a more preference to become entrepreneurs, women approach entrepreneurship more realistically and decisively.
Monetary policy and bank risk-taking in sub-Sahara Africa
Authors: Aboyadana Gabriel
Published: April 2021

Monetary policy has been shown to influence the risk-taking behaviour of banks in Europe and North America. Africa has however received limited attention in this regard. This study contributes to the monetary policy and bank risk-taking literature for sub-Sahara Africa by examining a panel of commercial banks from 2001-2015 for different types of risks. We find that monetary policy significantly influences bank risk-taking both statistically and economically, but the effect differs across the types of risks. Bank size and profitability are important in determining how effective monetary policy impacts risk-taking. The effects are stronger for countries without exchange rate controls. In terms of policies, monetary authorities intending to pursue expansionary monetary policy must remedy the risk-taking response by banks.
Measuring distribution of intellectual capital components contribution: French context
Authors: Pap Endre , Petković Miloš , Simićević Ana
Published: April 2021

In this paper the contribution of intellectual capital components in the overall intellectual capital value is investigated. This paper adopted quantitative statistical methods Lambda phase measurement and Shapley's value on the sample of 498 French companies in the period of 2008 to 2016 in order to estimate the highest and lowest contributions of intellectual capital components. For the purpose of the study, the official financial information from the companies' annual reports were taken from the financial database "Point Risk". The paper concentrates on two out of three intellectual capital components: structural and customer capital components. By the Shapley's value final result, the customer capital component, which represents company's commercial activities with the coefficient of 0.29911, is of greatest importance. On the other side, the lowest importance belongs to the structural capital component that represents value coming from research and development expenses with the coefficient of 0.07463 This study contributes to the management sciences literature by examining distribution of contribution of two intellectual capital components in the annual reports of French companies.
The effect of country - of - origin image trough quality, design and attractiveness related to product on consumer loyalty
Authors: Šapić Srđan , Lazarević Jovana , Filipović Jovana
Published: April 2021

The main goal of this research is to determine whether there is an impact of country - of -origin image on consumer loyalty to products originating from countries with positive and recognizable image and whether this impact is achieved through characteristics such as product quality and design, and attractiveness related to using the same. To examine this impact, an empirical study was conducted on a sample of 150 respondents and analysis of collected data was performed in SPSS 20. The results show that information about country of -origin image is important to consumers and has an impact on their behavior related to buying foreign product. More precisely, results show that country - of -origin image affects consumers when they choose products based on their quality and design and attractiveness that consumers feel when using these products, and also that through these characteristics country - of -origin image has effects on consumer loyalty. In accordance with the obtained results, conclusion is that it is extremely desirable for companies and governments to take into account the image that their country enjoys on the world market.
Econometric examination of the impact of income on household expenditures for package holidays in Serbia
Authors: Hanić Hasan , Bugarčić Milica , Lukić Radojko
Published: April 2021

The subject of this paper is the econometric examination of the impact of income on expenditures, i.e. on the demand for package holidays of households in Serbia. The aim of this paper is to quantify the impact of income on household expenditures for package holidays in the country and abroad on the basis of alternative functional forms of Engel curves and elasticities derived from them. The starting research hypothesis is that with the increase in household income, the share of expenditures for tourist arrangements in total household expenditures in Serbia remains approximately unchanged. As sources of data, Household Budget Surveys in Serbia were used, which were conducted every year, starting from 2006 (until 2019). Based on the different functional forms of Engel curves, the parameters of the impact of income on expenditures for package arrangements were estimated, and then income elasticities were estimated. In addition to the impact of income, the impact of qualitative characteristics of households and especially household heads on expenditures for tourist arrangements was examined. With the help of appropriate statistical tests, the basic research hypothesis was proven and the influence of socio-economic and demographic characteristics of households on the demand for package holidays was quantified.
Is there any government debt threshold in four selected central European countries?
Authors: Hsing Yu
Published: April 2021

This article shows that there is no government debt threshold in Hungary and Slovakia and that the respective government debt thresholds in Czechia and Poland are estimated to be 27.51% and 46.86%, which are far smaller than the 90% threshold suggested by Reinhart and Rogoff. Hence, the Reinhart-Rogoff threshold is not applicable to Czechia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia.
The life and work of Imam Sulaymān Ibn Aḥmad Al-Ṭabarānī with specific reference to his scientific travels: A supplement to the biography
Authors: Gološ Dževad
Published: April 2021

Imam Al-Ṭabarānī, Sulaymān ibn Aḥmad ibn Ayyūb ibn Muṭayyir, is one of the greatest hadith authorities in the Islamic history, and one of the most prolific writers in the field of hadith. His most famous works are three hadith encyclopedias better known as Mu'ğam: Al-Mu'ğam al-Kabīr, AlMu'ğam al-Awṣaṭ, and Al-Mu'ğam al-Ṣaġīr. Apart from these three well-known works, he wrote many other works, some of which were printed, and a number of which are considered lost. Among the most famous lost works of Imam Al-barabarānī is Al-Sunnah. The importance of this lost work is reflected in the fact that great Islamic authorities such as Al-Ḏahabīja, Ibn al-Kaṯīr, Ibn Taymiyya, Ibn al-Qayyim, Al-Mizzī, Al-Suyuṭī and others cited quotations from the said lost work in their own works. Imam Al-Ṭabarānī lived a hundred years and his life was filled with scientific journeys, and we will rarely find that any Islamic authority had as many scientific journeys as Imam Al-Ṭabarānī did. In this paper, I tried to pay special attention to these scientific journeys and to offer their chronological overview. While doing so, I mostly relied on his work Al-Mu'ğam al-Ṣaġīr, in which Imam Al-Ṭabarānī mentioned the place and date where he heard a hadith when narrating it. Then I tried to list all the works of Imam Al-Ṭabarānī, whether they were printed or lost. I also mentioned the narrations of the greatest Islamic scholars and historians about Imam Al-Ṭabarānī and his virtues, as well as some of his most prominent teachers and disciples.
Running in a myth
Authors: Kannykin Stanislav Vladimirovich
Published: April 2021

This article solves the tasks of determining the spheres of use and functions of running in primitive societies based on the sources of mythological nature, associated with the culture of Ancient Greece, American Indians, Slavs, peoples of the Far North, Roman tribes, Celts, peoples of Ancient Egypt, Jews, peoples of Oceania, and others. The indicated problematic gives a broader outlook upon the spiritual grounds for developing physical abilities in the past, as well as to describes the stages and specificity of current transformation of the socially significant practices related to running. The article employs the methods of analysis, comparison and synthesis; the area of application of the acquired results is the philosophical anthropology and philosophy of sports. The novelty of this research consists in determination of peculiarities of the functionality of running in a myth in three dimensions: cosmological (running is considered in etiological and intermediary between the macro-and microcosm functions), biological (as a manifestation of physical health and a unique for the mammals way of hunting based on endurance run), and social (running as a means to raise and maintain social status, finding a partner for marriage, element of ceremonialism, initiation, etc.).
The typology of Muslim minarets. Iranian specificity
Authors: Daroudi Aysan
Published: April 2021

The subject of this research is the Muslim minarets in general and Iranian minarets in particular. The goal consists in forming a typological classification of Muslim minarets, and based on that determine the specificity of the Iranian types of minarets. The article employs iconographic, iconological and cultural methods, and stylistic analysis. The author set the following tasks: determine different types of Muslim minarets; select the Iranian examples among them; determine the degree of prevalence of these types namely in the Iranian architecture; formulate the peculiarities of the architectural image of minaret that emerged in the context of Iranian architecture. For objectivity, the author established the timeframe –since the VII century to the late XVIII century, which marks the Iranian medieval Muslim culture. The scientific novelty is defined by the importance of knowing the characteristics of Iranian minarets, which are perceived as a symbol of Iranian faith. Familiarization with the architectural peculiarities of the minarets reveals the specificity of the Iranian religious architecture and Iranian culture as a whole. The acquired results demonstrate that the Iranian minarets are notable for their cylindrical shape, unique decoration, pairs of towers, location next to the doorway of the mosque ornamenting the sided. One of their primary functions to accentuate the major portal of the mosque. For the most part, Iranian minarets are rather representative and decorative, than resemble a fortress.
National appropriation of natural resources in international space law
Authors: Popova Olesya Andreevna
Published: April 2021

The author considers the problem of international legal regulation of activities on the use of natural resources of space. The results of the analysis of international treaties in the field of space law, resolutions of the UN General Assembly, reports of the Legal Subcommittee of the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space are presented. The methodological basis of the research was made up of general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition (dialectical method, method of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparative legal and historical legal methods). Currently, there is no universal international legal regulation of the legal status and regime of the use of natural resources of outer space. In order to carry out activities for the extraction of natural resources, it is necessary to develop appropriate international legal norms. In this regard, two alternative positions are being discussed - the concept of the "common heritage of mankind", developed in international maritime law, and the Artemis Agreements proposed by the United States. In the course of the study, the following conclusions were made. The prohibition of national appropriation of outer space and celestial bodies applies to States and individuals. International space law does not explicitly prohibit the use of space for the extraction and commercial exploitation of natural resources. However, natural resources are part of outer space and celestial bodies, respectively, in the absence of special rules governing their legal status and mode of use, the legal regime established in relation to outer space and celestial bodies should be extended to them. There is a tendency to develop a legal regime for the use of natural resources of outer space at the national level with the transition to the international one. The results of the study can be used in the interpretation of the provisions of international space law and the development of international norms concerning the legal status and regime of the use of natural resources of space.
Reconfiguration of regional leadership in Latin America (2016-2020)
Authors: Eremin Arkadiy Alekseevich , Barsegian Asmik Armenovna , Prostakov Dmitry Igorevich , Kuntsev Vasiliy Dmitrievich
Published: April 2021

This article analyzes the positions of Brazil and Argentina in Latin America over the period from 2016 to 2020, as well as describes the new alignment of political powers in the region in light of recent presidential elections. Analysis is conducted on consequences of the so-called “rightward turn” for the domestic policy; assessment is given to the succession of Argentina and Brazil in foreign policy considering the shift of political vectors. Special attention is paid to the impact of COVID-19 pandemic upon the leadership potential of Argentina and Brazil in the region. The relevance of this work is first and foremost defined by the shift of political regimes and foreign policy vectors in the countries of Latin America, as well as by challenges and threats faced by the region in recent years. Based on the provided facts and conducted analysis, the authors assess the changes in hierarchy of regional leadership in the region, and conclude the Brazil loses its positions in Latin America, while Argentina was able to shy away from the “rightward” policy and set the trends for the new “leftward turn” in the region.
Transcriptional profiling of mouse peripheral nerves to the single-cell level to build a sciatic nerve ATlas (SNAT)
Authors: Gerber Daniel , Pereira Jorge A , Gerber Joanne , Tan Ge , Dimitrieva Slavica , Yángüez Emilio , Suter Ueli
Published: April 2021

Peripheral nerves are organ-like structures containing diverse cell types to optimize function. This interactive assembly includes mostly axon-associated Schwann cells, but also endothelial cells of supporting blood vessels, immune system-associated cells, barrier-forming cells of the perineurium surrounding and protecting nerve fascicles, and connective tissue-resident cells within the intra-fascicular endoneurium and inter-fascicular epineurium. We have established transcriptional profiles of mouse sciatic nerve-inhabitant cells to foster the fundamental understanding of peripheral nerves. To achieve this goal, we have combined bulk RNA sequencing of developing sciatic nerves up to the adult with focused bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing of Schwann cells throughout postnatal development, extended by single-cell transcriptome analysis of the full sciatic nerve both perinatally and in the adult. The results were merged in the transcriptome resource Sciatic Nerve ATlas (SNAT:https://www.snat.ethz.ch). We anticipate that insights gained from our multi-layered analysis will serve as valuable interactive reference point to guide future studies.
Sensing the world and its dangers: An evolutionary perspective in neuroimmunology
Authors: Kraus Aurora , Buckley Katherine M , Salinas Irene
Published: April 2021

Detecting danger is key to the survival and success of all species. Animal nervous and immune systems cooperate to optimize danger detection. Preceding studies have highlighted the benefits of bringing neurons into the defense game, including regulation of immune responses, wound healing, pathogen control, and survival. Here, we summarize the body of knowledge in neuroimmune communication and assert that neuronal participation in the immune response is deeply beneficial in each step of combating infection, from inception to resolution. Despite the documented tight association between the immune and nervous systems in mammals or invertebrate model organisms, interdependence of these two systems is largely unexplored across metazoans. This review brings a phylogenetic perspective of the nervous and immune systems in the context of danger detection and advocates for the use of non-model organisms to diversify the field of neuroimmunology. We identify key taxa that are ripe for investigation due to the emergence of key evolutionary innovations in their immune and nervous systems. This novel perspective will help define the primordial principles that govern neuroimmune communication across taxa.
Dynamic mutual manufacturing and transportation routing service selection for cloud manufacturing with multi-period service-demand matching
Authors: Sadeghi Aghili Seyed Ali , Fatahi Valilai Omid , Haji Alireza , Khalilzadeh Mohammad
Published: April 2021

Recently, manufacturing firms and logistics service providers have been encouraged to deploy the most recent features of Information Technology (IT) to prevail in the competitive circumstances of manufacturing industries. Industry 4.0 and Cloud manufacturing (CMfg), accompanied by a service-oriented architecture model, have been regarded as renowned approaches to enable and facilitate the transition of conventional manufacturing business models into more efficient and productive ones. Furthermore, there is an aptness among the manufacturing and logistics businesses as service providers to synergize and cut down the investment and operational costs via sharing logistics fleet and production facilities in the form of outsourcing and consequently increase their profitability. Therefore, due to the Everything as a Service (XaaS) paradigm, efficient service composition is known to be a remarkable issue in the cloud manufacturing paradigm. This issue is challenging due to the service composition problem’s large size and complicated computational characteristics. This paper has focused on the considerable number of continually received service requests, which must be prioritized and handled in the minimum possible time while fulfilling the Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. Considering the NP-hard nature and dynamicity of the allocation problem in the Cloud composition problem, heuristic and metaheuristic solving approaches are strongly preferred to obtain optimal or nearly optimal solutions. This study has presented an innovative, time-efficient approach for mutual manufacturing and logistical service composition with the QoS considerations. The method presented in this paper is highly competent in solving large-scale service composition problems time-efficiently while satisfying the optimality gap. A sample dataset has been synthesized to evaluate the outcomes of the developed model compared to earlier research studies. The results show the proposed algorithm can be applied to fulfill the dynamic behavior of manufacturing and logistics service composition due to its efficiency in solving time. The paper has embedded the relation of task and logistic services for cloud service composition in solving algorithm and enhanced the efficiency of resulted matched services. Moreover, considering the possibility of arrival of new services and demands into cloud, the proposed algorithm adapts the service composition algorithm.
Soil fertility evaluation and spatial distribution of grasslands in Qilian Mountains Nature Reserve of eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Li Qiang , Yang Junyin , Guan Wenhao , Liu Zhigang , He Guoxing , Zhang Degang , Liu Xiaoni
Published: April 2021

The study assessed the overall soil characteristics of grasslands on Qilian Mountains and rated the soil nutrient status with classification standard of the second national soil survey of China. Nemerow index method was used to evaluate the soil fertility of different grassland types. GIS was used to analyze the spatial distribution of the soil nutrients and provided a database for the grassland’s ecological protection and restoration. The study graded the soil organic matter (SOM), total N, and available K at level 2 (high) or above for most regions, available soil-P at level 4, while the soil bulk density, total porosity and pH were 0.77–1.32 g cm−3, 35.36–58.83% and 7.63–8.54, respectively. The rank of comprehensive soil fertility index was temperate steppe (TS) > alpine meadow (AM) > alpine steppe (AS) >upland meadow (UM) >alpine desert (AD)> lowland meadow (LM)> temperate desert steppe (TDS)> temperate desert (TD). The areas with high, medium and low soil fertility accounted for 63.19%, 34.24% and 2.57% of the total grassland area. Soil fertility of different grassland types had different main limiting factors, for instance, the pH, total N and SOM were the main factors limiting soil fertility in LM, while pH and available P were the main factors limiting soil fertility in UM, AM, TS and AS. In summary, the grassland soil fertility was generally at the mid-upper level, and the main limiting factors were found in the different types of the grasslands and their spatial distributions were figured out. Our findings also indicated that the typical grasslands and meadows may require phosphorus application, while for desert grasslands, both nitrogen and phosphorus were required to improve their comprehensive soil fertility and grassland productivity.
Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide promotes T-hel per17 cell differentiation by upregulating Delta-like ligand 4 expression on CD14+ monocytes
Authors: Zhang Chi , Xu Chenrong , Gao Li , Li Xiting , Zhao Chuanjiang
Published: April 2021

Backgroud

To investigate the effect and mechanism of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on Th17 cell differentiation mediated by CD14+ monocytes.

Methods

P. gingivalis LPS-activated CD14+ monocytes were co-cultured with CD4+T cells in different cell ratios. An indirect co-culture system was also established using transwell chambers. Furthermore, anti- Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll-4) antibody was used to investigate the role of Dll-4 in Th17 cell response. The mRNA expression was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and secreted cytokines in culture supernatant were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Flow cytometry was used to determine the frequencies of Th17 cells. IL-17 protein expression levels were determined using western blotting assay.

Results

P. gingivalis LPS increased the expressions of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-23 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in CD14+ monocytes. Th17 cell frequency upregulated, which is not solely cytokine-dependent but rather requires cell-cell contact with activated monocytes, particularly in the 1:10 cell ratio. Furthermore, P. gingivalis LPS increased t he expression of Dll-4 on CD14+ monocytes, whereas the anti- Dll-4 a ntibody decreased the response of Th17 cells. The results suggest that P. gingivalis LPS enhances Th17 cell response via Dll-4 upregulation on CD14+ monocytes.
Antidiarrhoeal Studies of Methanol Leaf Extract of Cassia sieberiana Dc in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Nwaogu Jude , Abubakar Ibrahim Babangida , Olaosebikan Esther Omolade
Published: April 2021

Aim: This study was aimed at evaluating the antidiarrhoeal effect methanol leaf extract of Cassia sieberiana.

Methodology: The leaf extract of Cassia sieberiana was obtained by extraction using methanol and subjected to phytochemical screening using standard methods. The anti-diarrhoeal effect of methanol leaf extract of Cassia sieberiana DC was investigated in Wistar Albino rats.

Results: The result of phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, flavonoids and anthraquinoes. The methanol extract significantly (P<.05) reduced the number of unformed faeces in castor oil induced diarrhoea in the rats. It also significantly (P<.05) reduced the gastrointestinal transit of activated charcoal as well as enteropooling in the rats used for the experiment was significantly reduced (P<.05) in the groups treated with 500 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg.

Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, the methanol leaf extract of Cassia sieberiana possess anti-diarrheal activity and therefore validates its use in traditional medicine for the treatment of diarrhoea.