bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Individuo y sociedad en la filosofía de Charles Taylor. Una aproximación desde el enfoque hermenéutic
Authors: Gracia Calandín Javier
Published: March 2020

RESUMENEn este artículo expongo la concepción de persona y sociedad en la filosofía de Charles Taylor. Para ello comienzo planteando la pregunta acerca de si es adecuado referirse a Taylor como “comunitarista” o, por el contrario, desde la hermenéutica es más preciso concebir una dimensión “dialógica” del sí mismo. De este modo llegamos a la expresión “individualismo holista” como propuesta a concebir la relación entre persona y sociedad. ya por último incidimos en el reconocimiento de bienes sociales irreductibles como una de las principales ventajas que comporta el enfoque hermenéutico desde el individualismo holista.PALABRAS CLAVE HERMENéUTICA, INDIVIDUALISMO HOLISTA, BIENES SOCIALES IRREDUCTIBLES, CHARLES TAYLORABSTRACTIn this article I discuss the concept of self and society in Charles Taylor’s philosophy. To start with, I raise the question whether it is appropriate to refer to Taylor as “communitarian” or, according to hermeneutics, it is more accurate to refer to a “dialogical” dimension of the self instead. This discussion leads us to the term “holistic individualism” as a proposal to understand the relationship between person and society. Finally, I consider the irreducibility of social goods as one of the major benefits that entails the hermeneutical approach from the holistic individualism.KEYWORDSHERMENEUTICS, HOLISTIC INDIVIDUALISM, IRREDUCIBLE SOCIAL GOODS, CHARLES TAYLOR
El vínculo madre-hijo como suelo del destino
Authors: Perkins Patricio A.
Published: March 2020

RESUMEN Analizo la afirmación husserliana "los vivos despiertan al no vivo", en cuanto caracteriza la condición de posibilidad para el progreso humano desde la perspectiva del vínculo entre un niño y su madre. Primero, describo el ámbito fenomenológico en donde se inscribe esta problemática, i.e. la fenomenología constructiva. Segundo, analizo el tema del proto-niño [Urkind] y de la condición de posibilidad para su progreso según se presenta en el anexo XLV de la Husserliana XV. Tercero, amplío la cuestión indagando la condición de posibilidad del proceso humano desde la perspectiva de la humanidad como tal. PALABRAS CLAVEHUSSERL, INTERSUBJETIVIDAD, NIÑO MADREABSTRACTI analyze Husser's thesis: "the living awaken the non-living" insofar as it determines the condition of possibility of human progress with regard to the bond between mother and child. Firstly, I describe the phenomenological field where this matter is examined, i.e. the constuctive phenomenology. Secondly, I analyze the primal child topic and the condition of possibility for his evolution based upon Husserl's argument in the XLV supplement of Huserliana, XV. Thirdly, I expand the problem investigating the condition of possibility of human evolution from the perspective of human condition as such.KEYWORDSHUSSERL, INTERSUBJETIVITY, CHILD, MOTHER.
Naturaleza y condición humanas: a propósito de Montaigne y el Nuevo Mundo
Authors: Raga Rosaleny Vicente
Published: March 2020

RESUMENEl examen que del Nuevo Mundo llevó a cabo el renacentista Michel de Montaigne proporcionó un retrato de la condición humana que rompía con el paradigma aristotélico. En contraste con este diseño jerárquico de la naturaleza humana que  reservaba al nativo americano el poco honroso lugar de la inferioridad y la esclavitud, la pintura montaniana de la condición humana permitía dar cuenta de la radical igualdad de los seres humanos, en el seno de la variedad de costumbres, hábitos y religiones de las tierras recién descubiertas, a la vez que daba pie a una propuesta de re-naturalización del europeo decadente.PALABRAS CLAVEANTROPOLOGíA, CONDICIÓN HUMANA, NATURALEZA, NUEVO MUNDO, ESCEPTICISMOABSTRACTThe review of the New World carried out by Michel de Montaigne provided a picture of human condition that broke with the Aristotelian paradigm. In contrast to this hierarchic design of human nature by which the native American people were relegated to the dishonourable position of inferiority and slavery, Montaigne’s painting of human condition allowed the ascertainment of the radical equality of human beings within the variety of customs, habits and religions of the New and Ancient Worlds, and gave cause for a re-naturalization of the declining European citizens.KEYWORDSANTHROPOLOGY, HUMAN CONDITION, NATURE, NEW WORLD, SCEPTICISM
Séneca en Ortega
Authors: Ruíz Fernández Jesús
Published: March 2020

RESUMENEl senequismo se ha atribuido habitualmente a la filosofía española como uno de sus rasgos característicos. Sin embargo, nunca se ha contemplado en Ortega y Gasset, pese a que éste encarna a la perfección muchos otros rasgos pertenecientes a la idiosincrasia de la filosofía española. El presente artículo investiga hasta qué punto Ortega es estoico, para lo cual aborda una serie de temas, como el senequismo popular español, el alcionismo, el sosiego español, el clasicismo, la ironía socrática, el Quijote y la posmodernidad, entre otros. Para terminar encontrando una vía desde la que poder concluir que Séneca se halla en Ortega.PALABRAS CLAVEFILOSOFÍA ESPAÑOLA, ALCIONISMO, IRONÍA SOCRáTICA, QUIJOTE, POSMODERNIDADABSTRACTSenequism has always been regarded as one of the typical features of Spanish philosophy. Nevertheless, it has never been taken into account in Ortega y Gasset, despite the fact that he perfectly embodies many other characteristics that belong to the idiosyncrasy of Spanish Philosophy. This article researches to what extent Ortega is stoical. Through the discussion of a series of issues such as Spanish Popular Senequism, Halcyonism, Spanish serenity, Classicism, Socratic irony, the Quixote and Postmodernity among others, we find a means to conclude that Seneca is present in Ortega.KEYWORDSSPANISH PHILOSOPHY, HALCYONISM, SOCRATIC IRONY, QUIXOTE, POSTMODERNITY.
Re-Use of Date Palm Wastes to Improve Aging of Composite Concrete System
Authors: Abas Falak O.
Published: March 2020

The presented research aims to manipulate and improve the aging behaviors of concrete composite systems by employing ecologically safe date palm (seeds and husks) waste as a filler. In addition, optimized workability, durability, and erosion resistance properties for the new material were investigated.The experimental work included the application of different mixing ratios (50/50, 30/70, and 70/30) of husk date/ date seeds to study the enhanced physicochemical behaviors and erosion resistant of bio-waste-concrete composite system exposed to severe temperature conditions (50 ÂºC) for a time period of 25 days. Optimum results were observed for samples reinforced with the natural filler with a ratio of 50/50 in comparison to the base samples.In conclusion, good resistance to erosion and creeping thickness appeared at optimum conditions of 250 Î¼m particle size. Also, higher reaction compatibility and less pores between particles were observed, which improved all physical and chemical properties as depicted by SEM images.
The Study of the Effect of Sodium Nitroprusside in Anxiety-Like Behavior in Mice in Comparison With Diazepam
Authors: Al-Humaidhi Abeer Mudhafar , Hlail Afrah Thiab , Shalal Semaa H.
Published: March 2020

Anxiety has become a highly paramount field of research attention in psychopharmacology today. Sundry studies have shown a nitric oxide role in the regulation of anxiety. The goal of the study was to investigate sodium nitroprusside ability to affect anxiety-like behavior in mice and to compare this effect with the standard anxiolytic drug, diazepam, using both plus maze test and light/dark box test. The results revealed that sodium nitroprusside at a dose of 1 mg/kg had a significant effect on the behavior in both of the elevated plus maze test and light/dark test. However, at higher dose (3 mg/kg), it has significantly increased the anxiogenic-like effect in the light/dark box test. Diazepam at a dose of 2 mg/kg increased the time spent in open arms in elevated plus maze test and that in light chambers of light/dark test. These outcomes suggest that a nitric oxide pathway seems to play an important role in anxiety. Furthermore, sodium nitroprusside at a dose of 1 mg/kg showed a nearly anxiolytic ability, when compared with diazepam.
A Study of the Association Between IL-17 and HOMA-IR in Iraqi Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Abbas Khetam M. , Alaaraji Shakir .F. T. , Alâ€“Shawk Refif Sabih
Published: March 2020

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is the furthermost common form of DM which is identified by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and relative insulin deficiency. This study aims to detect the role of interleukin-17 (IL-17) in patients with T2DM compared with the healthy control and to investigate the relationship between IL-17 and insulin resistance. The study involved 50 Iraqi T2DM patients, randomly selected with an age range of 33-71 years .For the purpose of comparison, 30 Iraqi healthy persons with an age range of 33-71 years were also included. Patients and control groups were characterized in terms of gender, age, body mass index (BMI), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),fasting serum glucose (FSG) and lipid profile. The means of IL-17 (368.45 vs. 128.50 pg/ml), HOMA-IR (7.94vs. 2.14),FSG (152.82 vs. 81.53 mg/dl), fasting serum insulin (FSI) level (19.37 vs. 10.71 Î¼IU/ml), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL),and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly higher in T2DM patients as compared to controls. While, levels of Total Cholesterol (TC)and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)showed non-significant differences. In conclusion, IL-17 seems to play a significant role as a risk factor for the development of T2DM.Also, higher (HOMA-IR) gives rise to a hyperglycemic state and is a major risk factor for the development of T2DM.
The Impact of LHR Gene Polymorphism Rs12470652 in Women with POF and Nihh, A Case-Control Study
Authors: Mahmoud Samer Thamir Mahmoud , Alkazaz Abdul Kareem A. , Al-Musawi Bushra J.
Published: March 2020

The current study was designed to investigate the impact of the missense Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP), Asn291Ser (c.872A>G: rs12470652), of LHR gene (Luteinizing hormone receptor gene) in peripheral blood samples of Iraqi infertile women diagnosed with premature ovarian failure (POF) and normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism(niHH, patients with normal sense of smell). Following the hormonal analysis, fifty women diagnosed with premature ovarian failure and fifty women diagnosed with normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism were included as patient groups, while fifty healthy fertile women were enrolled as a control group. The blood samples were obtained from patient and control groups at Kamal Al-Samarrai Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq through March to December 2018. The genotyping of the SNP (rs12470652) was carried out by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) of the purified genomic DNA obtained from All-cell-pellet (ACP) of blood samples. The frequency of the LHR (rs12470652), p.Asn291Ser minor allele G, was found to be 32% healthy fertile women, 30 % of those with POF (p = 0.879), and 28% in the niHH patients (p = 0.644) Therefore, no statistically significant differences were found. This research aims to study the relationship between polymorphism in the region of LHR gene position: 872 A > G, (Asn291Ser), (rs12470652), and both premature ovarian failure and normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Therefore, the potential influence of (rs12470652) p.Asn291Ser polymorphism on both types of female infertility of an Iraqi population was evaluated. In conclusion, no impact was observed since the conducted study on a sample population of Iraqi women showed that the prevalence of LHR (rs12470652) polymorphisms did not significantly differ in the two infertile patients groups (POF and niHH) as compared to the healthy fertile control group.
HYPOSPADIAS: THE PROBLEMS OF MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT OF PATIENTS
Authors:   Department of Reconstructive Surgery, Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Khodzhamuradov Gafur Mukhammadmukhsinovich , Ismoilov Mukhtordzhon Marufovich ,   Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Ziyozoda Sorboni Sayburkhondzhon ,   Department of Reconstructive Surgery, Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaymonov Aziz Khusenovich ,   Department of Reconstructive Surgery, Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery
Published: March 2020

The importance of the administration problems of patients with hypospadias is due not only to the high frequency of occurrence of this anomaly but also the frequent development of postoperative complications and relapses. In this literature review provides information on guidelines for the management of patients with hypospadias, the causes of unsuccessful outcomes, as well as basic information regarding the benefits of the most frequently used techniques today. The study of the literature data shows the lack of consensus on such important points as the choice of the optimal age for the operation, the use of different types of urine traps, the optimal method of covering the defect, the phasing of the operation, etc. The proposed algorithms are not consistent, sometimes contradict each other, and most of them are inconvenient to use. All of the above causes the need for new research on the optimization of the management of patients with hypospadias. Keywords: hypospadias, congenital malformations, urinary system, relapse.
PRIMARY PULMONARY HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA: RARE CLINICAL CASE
Authors:   Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rodionov Evgeny Olegovich , Miller Sergey Viktorovich ,   Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tuzikov Sergey Aleksandrovich ,   Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kravchuk Tatyana Leonidovna ,   Department of Chemotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bondar Lyudmila Nikolaevna ,   Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Urmonov Umidzhon Butabekovich ,   Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Savenkova Olga Vladimirovna ,   Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2020

Lung involvement in Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) occurs from 15% to 40% of cases. In most patients, it is caused by germination of the affected mediastinal lymphatic nodes in the lung parenchyma. Primary pulmonary form of Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a rare disease: in the world literature for the period 1927- 2006 of all, more than 70 cases have been described. The main diagnostic criteria for the primary pulmonary form of HL are: 1) the disease should be limited to the with a minimal lesion of the pulmonary root lymph nodes or without it; 2) a typical histological picture of Hodgkin’s lymphoma; 3) clinical and/or pathological exclusion of damage to other organs and lymph nodes. The article presents a clinical case of long-term observation and successful treatment of a 54-years-old patient with this disease. Keywords: Primary pulmonary Hodgkin’s lymphoma, lymphoma, primary lung lymphoma.
FEATURES OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE PLACENTA OF PUERPERAS WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES AND ANEMIA
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Pirmatova Dilnoza Alihonovna , Dodkhoeva Munavvara Fayzulloevna ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Masaidova Lola Vyacheslavovna ,   Department of Pathological Anatomy, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

Objective: To study the features of the morphological structure of placenta in puerperas with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and anemia. Methods: The study targeted 42 afterbirths, including 13 placentae from puerperas in GDM combined with anemia, 10 from puerperas with only GDM and 8 from puerperas with only the anemia. Comparison group accounted for 11 placentae from healthy puerperas. For histological research prepared paraffin slices of thickness from 3 to 5 microns, hematoxylin and eosin used for the review coloring. The morphological features were evaluated on the Olympus CX-21 microscope. Results: Women in GDM combined with anemia have had a decrease in placenta size, an increase in placental fetal ratio and a shortening of the umbilical cord with its eccentric attachment to the placenta. At the same time microscopically dominated dissociated forms of villous maturation, syncytiotrophoblast dystrophy with alternating syncytium atrophy sites, villous fibrosis, and stromal edema with inflammatory changes, which indicated circulatory-metabolic disorders associated with placental insufficiency. Compensatory adaptive reactions in the GDM group, combined with anemia, were mainly due to a relative increase in the number of terminal and specialized villi, along with the pronounced phenomena of angiomatosis. Conclusion: Gestational diabetes and anemia in pregnant women lead to the development of placental insufficiency, pathomorphologically manifested involutive and dystrophic changes, circulatory disorders, inflammatory processes and compensatory adaptive reactions, which are expressed more in the combination of these diseases. Keywords: Gestational diabetes, anemia, morphological structure of the placenta, involutive and dystrophic changes, compensatory-adaptive reactions.
PREVENTION OF PLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH DIFFUSE GOITER AND HYPOTHYROXINEMIA
Authors:   Tajik Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Saydakhmadova Shakhlo Dzhumakhonovna , Kamilova Markhabo Yadgarovna ,   Department of Obstetrics, Tajik Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Khaknazarova Matlyuba Abdulmadzhidovna ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rakhimov Nurmakhmad Gulmakhmadovich ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

Objective: To assess the clinical acceptability of prevention of placental insufficiency (PI) by nitric oxide donators (NOD) in pregnant women with diffuse goiter. Methods: Data from 70 pregnant women with diffuse goiter and hypothyroxinemia were analyzed; including 45 (64.3%) patients (I group) received iodine-containing drugs (ICD) and 25 (35.7%) patients (II group) received ICD and NOD Tivortin in combination with Tocopherol in the second trimester of pregnancy. Control of the effectiveness of therapy conducted according to data of dopplerometry in the third trimester of pregnancy. Results: Of the 45 patients in the group I, 15 (33.3%) were in the cases of dopplerometrically diagnosed disorders of uterine-fetus-placental blood flow: in 8 (53%) cases compensated, in 7 (47%) cases subcompensated. In all women with a subcompensated form of PI, the pregnancy has been complicated by pre-eclampsia. Of the 25 patients in the second group, only 2 (8%) were in the observations revealed the compensated form of the PI. Conclusion: In diffuse goiter and gestational hypothyroxinemia, the prevention of iodine deficiency, which involves taking iodine-containing drugs reduces the frequency of PI. However, the implementation of comprehensive prevention of PI, which provides the filling of the deficiency of nitric oxide, gives the best results. Apparently, in the studied iodine-deficiency status, despite the replenishment of iodine deficiency, develops pathological dysfunction of the endothelium. The use of NOD at the beginning of the second trimester of pregnancy, during the period of active angiogenesis, contributes to the normal formation and functioning of chorion vessels, as well as explains the difference in the frequency and severity of hemodynamic disorders depending on the prevention of PI. Keywords: Diffuse goiter, hypothyroxinemia, placental insufficiency, nitric oxide donator , dopplerometry.
PRACTICE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF REMOTE EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS BY INSURANCE ORGANIZATIONS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF COMPULSORY AND VOLUNTARY HEALTH INSURANCE (CASE-STUDY)
Authors:   N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Abubakirov Andrey Sultangaleevich , Zudin Aleksandr Borisovich ,   N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Snegiryova Yuliya Yurievna ,   N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health
Published: March 2020

Objective: Consider the practice in the implementation of a remote educational project: «Compulsory and voluntary health insurance: for doctors and patients», which is pilot and implemented in some regions of the Russian Federation with the cooperation of several insurance companies. Methods: The process of training for the health insurance sector, the Laws of the Russian Federation, professional and educational standards, other documents, regulating the process of training and qualification development of specialists were analyzed. Content-analysis of practical examples of the implementation of the process of training health insurance professionals was also carried out. Results: Provided the main stages of distance learning, methodical materials, developed for the study, control-measuring materials, etc. The results of the survey on the degree of trainee’s satisfaction with the learning process are also supplied. Conclusion: The implementation of the project made it possible to make a proposal to the federal government to develop a federal educational system to improve insurance literacy in the field of compulsory and voluntary health insurance. Keywords: Remote education, compulsory and voluntary health insurance, pilot project, corporate training.
THE USE OF REMOTE TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATIONAL WORK TO PREVENT OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN FIELD OF EDUCATION
Authors:   N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Vvedenskiy Artyom Igorevich , Zudin Aleksandr Borisovich ,   N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health
Published: March 2020

Objective: Identify the capabilities of remote technologies in the implementation of a socially educational project on prevention of occupational diseases of educators. Methods: The study involved the participation of workers of educational organizations in the Ryazan region of the Russian Federation, as well as health workers responsible for scheduled health assessments and professional examinations of teaching employees. The study period is 2017-2019. Total number of study participants was: 480 teachers, 51 health workers. Results: The survey of respondents demonstrated a subjective assessment of their health, desire and willingness to use a social internet resources containing information on the capabilities, methods, technologies and tools that help reduce the risks of occupational diseases. On the basis of expert interviews and focus groups, the most effective forms of remote presentation of information (video lectures, webinars, checklists, cases, etc.), frequency of training sessions, forms of control were identified. Conclusion: Developed concept of a permanent remote educational auditory allows solving the problem of informative support of prevention and prophylaxis of occupational diseases of workers in educational system. Keywords: Occupational diseases, teachers, prevention, remote education.
INDICATORS OF SORPTION ABILITY AND PERMEABILITY OF ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANES IN CHILDREN AND NEWBORNS, LIVING IN THE AREA OF INCREASED RADIATION BACKGROUND
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Badalova Zebo Abdulkhayrovna , Dodkhoev Jamshed Saidboboevich ,   Department of Pediatric Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

Objective: By studying the permeability of erythrocyte membranes (PEM) and the sorption ability of erythrocytes (SAE) to assess functional state of the biological membranes of red blood cells in children living in the area of increased radiation background. Methods: Indicators of SAE and PEM in the blood of 18 newborns and in 20 children from 3 to 5 years old, living in the area of increased background radiation were determined. The control group consisted of 38 children, living in areas with a natural radiation background. The SAE determined by the degree of absorption of methylene blue dye. PEM was determined by the degree of erythrocyte hemolysis in solutions with increasing urea concentration. Results: The rates of SAE in children living under normal radiation background were: in newborns – 37.1±0.2%; in children 3 years old – 37.4±0.2%; in children 4 years old – 37.6±0.2%; and children 5 years old – 37.4±0.2%. At the same time, children living in increased radiation background were found to have significantly increased levels of SAE: newborns – 58.8±0.2%; children 3 years old – 59.1±0.3%; children 4 years old – 59.2±0.2%; and children of 5 years – 59.0±0.3%. As in the children of the control group, in the main group changes in the values of the SAE level depending on age also fluctuated within the statistical error (p>0.05). When comparing PEM data, the children in the main group showed a significant increase compared to the children in the control group. Thus, if in newborn children of the control group, depending on the dilution of urea, PEM ranged from 5.6±0.5% in the I sample and up to 20.1±0.3% in the VI sample, in the main group – from 10.3±0.2% and to 59.3±0.9%, respectively. Similar dynamics were observed in older children: at the age of 3 years, in the control group – from 3.4±0.6% and to 23.4±1.6%, in the main – from 10.3±0.7% and up to 56.8±1.9%, respectively; 4 years of age, in the control group – from 8.2±1.2% and up to 25.2±3.0%, in the main – from 24.1±1.7% to 59.0±0.9%, respectively, and the age of 5 years, in the control group – from 7.5±2.2% to 22.5±2.5%, in the main – from 22.7±3.3% to 55.5±2.1%, respectively. Conclusion: Studies of permeability of erythrocyte membranes and sorption ability of erythrocytes in children living in the area of increased radiation background, revealed significant changes in the properties of erythrocyte membranes, indicating a high level of damage. Keywords: Newborns, children, radiation, sorption ability of erythrocytes, permeability of erythrocyt
THE STRUCTURE OF DISEASES THAT CAUSED DISABILITY AMONG CHILDREN IN THE CITY OF DUSHANBE
Authors:   Department of Family Medicine № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Nosirova Matlyuba Pulatovna , Inomzoda Dzhura Inomovich ,   Department of Family Medicine № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Yodgorova Myam Dzhumakhonovna ,   Department of Family Medicine № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Umarova Zarifa Kasymovna ,   Department of Family Medicine № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

Objective: To analyze the dynamics and structure of the morbidity that caused disability in children living in Dushanbe. Methods: Summary reports provided by the City’s Informational Department and Medical Statistics of Dushanbe (medical form № 31) for 2014-2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The analysis showed that there is a tendency to increase from year to year those who are on the dispensary account. There is a close correlation (r=0.95; p<0.005) between children under observation and children taken on dispensary records with the first established disability. The largest number (more than a third) of children with disabilities falls on the third age corridor (age 5-9 years) with a tendency to increase. The first place in the structure of diseases of children aged 1-4, 5-9 and 10-14 years, which caused the occurrence of disability, are occupied by diseases of the nervous system, then there are mental disorders, the third congenital anomalies and chromosomal abnormalities. In the structure of congenital anomalies (malformations) and chromosomal disorders are dominated by congenital heart defects, much less – Down’s syndrome. The study found that less than half of children with disabilities (41.6%) were disabled who received inpatient treatment, most of them under the dispensary supervision of narrow specialists of Urban Health Centers, i.e. received outpatient treatment. The hospital was arranged at home for 12.3% of immobile children. Rehabilitation centers for rehabilitation treatment were used by 9.7% of children. Conclusion: A study of the dynamics of age disability revealed the largest number of children of preschool age, namely 5-9 years, a little less – children aged 10-14 years. Disability by adolescence, in the fifth group, decreases slightly. The importance of diseases of the nervous system increases in the third age group (5-9 years) and has some tendency to decline by adolescence (15-17 years). The incidence of mental disorders, congenital abnormalities (developmental malformations) and chromosomal disorders also increases with age and is approximately the same quantitative expressions until adolescence. Keywords: Child disability, child morbidity, morbidity structure, age groups, age dynamics.
COMPARATIVE CLINICAL LABORATORY AND INSTRUMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTIVENESS OF MONO- AND COMBINED THERAPY OF TERAFLEX WITH OSTENILE IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors:   Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rizoeva Oytillo Rustamovna , Saidov Yor Umarovich ,   Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Makhmudov Khayyom Ruziboevich ,   Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

Objective: Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of mono- and combined therapy of Teraflex with Ostenile in patients with early and developed primary knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: A comparative analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of mono- and combined therapy of Teraflex with Ostenile in patients with primary knee OA (n=98) is presented. Depending on the evolutional stages of the disease progression, patients were divided into three groups: the first group – patients with stage I of OA (n=24); group II – patients with stage II of OA (n=39); group III – patients with stage III of OA (n=35). The duration of the study was 9 months (6 months of the therapy and 3 months of observations). Results: Statistically significant reduction in pain syndrome intensity and improvement in WOMAC index (all of its constituent parameters and total value), as well as clinical-laboratory indicators of OA activity were observed from the third month of the therapy and throughout the follow-up period, mainly in patients with early OA. Conclusion: Course usage of Teraflex in an effective daily dose in patients with primary knee OA (especially in the early stages of the disease) in both the form of monotherapy and in combined with Ostenile, positively affects all clinical symptoms of knee OA: quickly and effectively reduces pain syndrome, stiffness, significantly improves functional condition of patients and as much as possible limits the usage of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Keywords: Primary osteoarthritis, knee joint, Teraflex, Ostenile, WOMAC index.
STUDY OF QUALITY OF LIFE OF DENTAL PATIENTS USING IMMEDIATE PROTHESES IN THE POST-EXTRACTION PERIOD BEFORE IMPLANTATION
Authors:   Department of Orthopedic Dentistry and Orthodontics with the Course of Propedeutics of Dental Diseases, Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov, Mitin Nikolay Evgenievich , Perminov Evgeniy Sergeevich ,   Department of Orthopedic Dentistry and Orthodontics with the Course of Propedeutics of Dental Diseases, Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov, Kalinovskiy Sergey Igorevich ,   Department of Orthopedic Dentistry and Orthodontics with the Course of Propedeutics of Dental Diseases, Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov, Chekreneva Ekaterina Evgenievna ,   Department of Orthopedic Dentistry and Orthodontics with the Course of Propedeutics of Dental Diseases, Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov
Published: March 2020

Objective: To investigate the quality of life (QL) of dental patients using original and classic immediate prostheses in the post-extraction tooth period before implantation. Methods: Within the frame of this study, we analyzed 86 questionnaires of patients separated into two groups: the main (n=67) and the control (n=19) group. The level of QL was assessed using the standard OHIP-14 questionnaire (Oral Health Impacts Profile) consisting of 14 questions. Patient questionnaires were conducted 4 times: to the next day after tooth extraction and overlaying of the immediate prosthesis, 2 weeks after the extraction, which corresponds to the ending of acute inflammatory phase, as well as after 3 and 6 months. In the main group, as an immediate prosthesis was used a prosthesis with an intermediate part, the basis of which is made of a hollow base with a bioinert mesh stretched between the walls of the basis of the intermediate part, and in the comparison group patients used immediate prosthesis, made by standard technology. Results: A study of the questionnaires in terms of observation from the time of tooth removal to 6 months showed that in the main and control groups on the first day after the overlaying immediate prosthesis levels of QL were 18.45±2.642 and 19.79±2.485, respectively. On the 14th day of these parameters corresponded to the values of 16.52±2.331 and 17.32±2.709. In the III and IV stages of the study (i.e. 3 and 6 months) determine the equalization of the average QL is defined by the advantage of the values in the III stage of the main group. Conclusion: The use of the original immediate prosthesis in temporary prosthetics of the post-extraction defect of the front incisor of the upper jaw gives the prevailing dynamics and more positive results relative to the standard immediate prosthesis. Keywords: Quality of life, implantation, immediate prostheses, rehabilitation, post-extraction period, orthopedic dentistry.
HIP REPLACEMENT FOR HIP FRACTURES AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES IN POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS IN MULTIPAROUS WOMEN
Authors:   Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Razzokov Abduvali Abdukhamitovich , Ekhsonov Abdushokir Safarmatovich ,   Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

Objective: Improving the treatment outcomes for hip fractures and their consequences in postmenopausal osteoporosis in multiparous women by applying hip replacement (HR). Methods: Analyzed data on 126 patients with hip fractures and their consequences against the background of postmenopausal osteoporosis in multiparous women, whom applied HR. Patients are divided into main (65 patients (51.6%), in the comprehensive treatment of which were used drug therapy and other approaches implemented during the study) and control (61 patients (48.4%), treated by traditional methods without targeted diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis) groups. Clinical and X-ray methods, densitometry, objective methods of assessing the severity of patients’ condition on the Gumanenko scale, point objective method of complex Harris’ hip function assessments, statistical methods were used. Results: Long-term results studied in 111 patients. It was found that excellent results (90-100 points) were noted in 17 (15.3%) of the patients, good (80-89 points) – in 56 (50.5%), satisfactory (70-79 points) – in 30 (27.0%) and unsatisfactory (less than 70 points) – in 8 (7.2%) patients. The frequency of unsatisfactory results with total cement-free HR was 3.7%, with total cement HR – 7.7%, with hybrid – 11.8%, with bipolar HR – 29.6%. In the main group, the frequency of instability of endoprosthesis components under the influence of basic pathogenetic drug therapy of osteoporosis decreased by 3.2 times compared to the control group (4.6% and 14.8%, respectively, p<0,05). Conclusion: A significant correlation between treatment results, on the one hand, and the severity of patients’ condition, the nature of the main pathology, the type of replacement and the tactics of comprehensive treatment of osteoporosis, on the other hand, was obtained. The most favorable results are stated in the implementation of the proposed approaches in the complex treatment of the pathology under consideration. In general, positive outcomes were noted in 92.8% of observations, which gives grounds for their widespread use in clinical practice. Keywords: Postmenopausal osteoporosis, hip replacement, hip fracture, consequences of hip fractures, multiparous women , osteoporosis baseline drug therapy.
FACTORS OF SPREADING THE NOSOCOMIAL URINARY TRACT INFECTION
Authors:   Department of Urology, «Madadi Akbar» Clinical Hospital, Rizoev Khayriddin Khayrullaevich , Rakhimov Dilshod Abdufattoevich ,   Republican Urology Research and Clinical Center, Talabzoda Muhammadali Sayf ,   Department of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Tajik National University
Published: March 2020

Objective: Exploring the factors which contributes the spreading the nosocomial urinary tract infection (NUTI). Methods: Random sampling method analyzed 248 medical cards of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia for 2016-2018. 154 of them were underwent open adenomectomy, and 94 – transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The prevalence of NUTI was studied depending on the patient’s age, duration of surgery, duration preoperative period and duration of bladder catheterization. Results: In 31 cases, the NUTI was identified, which amounted to 12.5%. After the open adenomectomy, the NUTI had 21 observations (13.6%), and after the TURP – in 10 cases (10.6%). The most typical manifestations of NUTI were: urethritis – 32.2%, postoperative wound suppuration – 25.8%, cystitis – 19.3%. It has been found that the frequency of development of NUTI is influenced by the duration of the preoperative period. Thus, among patients who had no more than 2 days of preoperative surgery, the NUTI was 5 times less common than patients with a longer preoperative period, with a frequency of 5.0% and 26.1%, respectively (р<0.001). Statistically significant differences in the frequency of NUTI was found, depending on the duration of catheterization of the bladder: at the terms of catheterization up to 6 days and more than 6 days frequency of NUTI was 6.5% and 22.6% respectively (р<0.001). Conclusion: The most frequent clinical manifestations of NUTI were the suppuration of postoperative wound and urethritis. The main factors influencing the spread of NUTI are the duration of the preoperative period and the duration of bladder catheterization. Keywords: Benign prostatic hyperplasia, open adenomectomy, transurethral resection of the prostate, urinary infection tract, nosocomial infection.
DIABETES MELLITUS: THE MODERN STATE OF THE ISSUE (PART 2)
Authors:   Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Innovative Pharmacology and Experimental Medicine of the Center for Research in Innovative Technologies, the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Sharofova Mizhgona Umedzhonovna , Sagdieva Shoista Samarovna ,   Department of Innovative Pharmacology and Experimental Medicine of the Center for Research in Innovative Technologies, the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Yusuf Salomudin Dzhabbor ,   Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

The authors analyzed numerous scientific studies on the problem of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the extent of the spread is causing concern among experts around the world. The review examines and analyses the causes of the unrelated increase in the incidence of this pathology, the high risk of severe complications, comorbidities and deaths, reasons for the increase in the prevalence of the disease among children. Taking into account insufficient effectiveness of medical treatment of T2DM using synthetic drugs, the authors cites information on herbal medicine diabetes. The second part of this review provides an analysis of T2DM as a systemic disease, and analyses modern approaches to treatment pathology, issues of modern pharmacotherapy and its effectiveness, the possibility of combining pharmacotherapy and herbal medicine to improve the effectiveness of the treatment of T2DM and its complications. The review looks at the prospects for greater use of herbal medicine in diabetes to reduce the risk of severe complications, improve the quality and life expectancy of individuals, sufferers of this disease. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, T2DM, diabetogenesis, pharmacotherapy, herbal medicine.
SANITARY AND HYGIENIC STATE OF SOURCES OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN AND THE WAYS OF ITS IMPROVEMENT
Authors:   Department of Environmental Health, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Egamnazarov Khuseyn Nazarovich , Bakhtiyorova Nargis Buorikovna ,   Department of Environmental Health, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Davronzoda Ikrom ,   Department of Environmental Health, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Daburov Kamil Nizamovich ,   Department of Environmental Health, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: March 2020

The review presents the results of studies on the existing problems in the sanitary condition of Tajikistan’s surface water bodies related to its pollution by waste and sewage from settlements, industrial and agricultural enterprises. Due to the weak development of centralized water supply, a significant part of the population of Tajikistan is forced to use surface water for household and drinking needs, as a result of which, for many years, the republic has been a region of the incidence of acute intestinal infections, mainly in rural areas. In order to carry out measures for the sanitary protection of water bodies, the introduction of modern technologies for the neutralization and disinfection of waste and effluents from human and animal life, as well as the disposal of household waste having not only sanitary and hygienic, but also environmental significance is everywhere required. Keywords: Surface water ponds, water quality, water pollution, acute intestinal infections, sanitary protection of water ponds.
PERSISTENT UTERINE ARTERY VASOSPASM DURING UTERINE FIBROIDS EMBOLIZATION FOR LEIOMYOMA
Authors:   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rakhimov Farshed Rustamovich , Baratov Alisher Kendzhaevich ,   Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Rasulova Gulnora Tairdzhanovna ,   Department of Pregnancy Pathology № 2, Tajik Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology
Published: March 2020

Uterine artery embolization (UAE) has been widely used for a number of years as an alternative mini-invasive method of treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids. The technical aspects of the UFE are described in sufficient detail in various guidelines, recommendations and scientific articles. Along with low trauma and other benefits, UAE, like any other treatment, can be accompanied by some intra- and postinterventional complications. One of the intraoperative complications is uterine artery spasm. In most cases the spasm is eliminated medically and is considered to be a temporary and reverse phenomenon. Persistent spasm of the uterine artery can really prevent the adequate embolization of perifibroid arteries and subsequently cause ineffective treatment. The article provides a case of persistent spasm of the uterine artery at the final stage of its embolization for uterine leiomyoma. A set of intraoperative measures to eliminate this complication is described, which, in the end, allowed to properly complete the intervention. Keywords: Uterine fibroids, uterine artery embolization, complications, spasm of the uterine artery.
MOTIVASI JERMAN DALAM MENERIMA PENGUNGSI ASAL SURIAH PADA TAHUN 2015
Authors: Yeni Mila Fitri
Published: March 2020

This research aims to analyze Germany’s Motivation to accept Syrian refugee in 2015 at German policy of Open Door Policy. A foreign policy that was chosen by the state is rational choice by calculating the benefit earned and cost paid through the policy based on national interests. This research was analysed using the concept Rational Model of Decision Making by Karen A.Mingst this concept sees the formulation of a state’s foreign policy based on the considerations of the costs and benefits a state gets on the issue at hand, in which the state will choose a policy with greater profits than its sacrifices. The researcher concluded that Germany’s open door policy toward Syrian refugees was a rational choice because it has that advantage in the form of adding labor that has an effect on the economic aspect for Germany
DIPLOMASI PUBLIK TIONGKOK KE AMERIKA SERIKAT PADA ERA HU JINTAO
Authors: Tadif Tri Fauzi , Permata Inda Mustika , Sinulingga Anita Afriani
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai upaya diplomasi publik Tiongkok ke Amerika Serikat dalam menghilangkan persepsi China threat pada masa Hu Jintao. Indikator survey Gallup memperlihatkan bahwa masyarakat Amerika Serikat mulai memandang Tiongkok sebagai ancaman terkait kebangkitan Tiongkok Untuk menghilangkan anggapan tersebut, pada masa pemerintahan Hu Jintao ,Tiongkok mulai menjalankan upaya diplomasi publik ke Amerika Serikat dalam rangka memperbaiki citranya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalahuntuk menjelaskan upaya diplomasi publik Tiongkok ke Amerika Serikat pada masa Hu Jintao sebagai upaya perbaikan citra. Penelitian ini dibahas menggunakan konsep diplomasi publik R.S Zaharna. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data library research . Diplomasi publik Tiongkok kebanyakan dilakukan oleh aktor negara dengan pendekatan budaya yang dengan target masyarakat, institusi dan komunitas. Penelitian ini melihat bahwa hampir semua upaya diplomasi publik seperti pertukaran pelajar, pembangunan institusi budaya dan pembentukan sister city yang dilakukan Tiongkok menimbulkan dampak positif ditandai dengan favourable index Tiongkok di Amerika Serikat yang naik 40% pada tahun 2012.
INDONESIA GOVERNMENT'S EFFORT TO FACE EU DIRECTIVE REGULATION CONCERNING PALM OIL IN EUROPE
Authors: Sasmi Dini Tiara
Published: March 2020

This article describes Indonesian Government effort dealing with new regulation in European Union, namely EU Directive which prohibit palm oil use for biodiesel. The European Commission has concluded in a regulation that palm oil use in biofuels will be reduced to zero by 2030. This regulation is based on allegations against oil palm plantation that causes excessive environmental damage. Environmental issues that arise as a result of the growing awareness of the international community in preserving the earth are often contrary to the wishes of a country in developing its economy. Campaigns from environmental activists in Indonesia highlight a lot about the palm oil industry which is often considered not sustainable and causes environmental damage. On the other hand, this campaign caused a negative reputation followed by the decline of Indonesia's palm oil exports to Europe. One of the regulations that arose was the EU Directive which was considered by the Indonesian government as discrimination against oil palm products and their derivatives. This article uses a qualitative analysis method. This study aims to analyze how the Indonesian government responds to the EU Directive regulation on Palm Oil which is considered detrimental to Indonesia's palm oil exports to Europe.