bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green Finance Assists Agricultural Sustainable Development: Evidence from China
Authors: Mo Yalin , Sun Dinghai , Zhang Yu
Published: January 2023

Whether green finance can promote agriculture to achieve carbon emission reduction is an important issue in agricultural sustainable development. Based on panel data on 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020, this paper established a mediation effect framework and employed stepwise regression and bootstrapping to study whether and how green finance can promote carbon emission reduction in China’s agricultural sector. The empirical research results indicate that the development of green finance can significantly reduce China’s agricultural carbon emission intensity. Using instrumental variables for robustness regression tests, the empirical results were also found to be robust. Further research found that green finance can not only directly promote agricultural carbon emission reduction but also indirectly facilitate it by optimizing the agricultural industrial structure and guiding agricultural technological progress. Finally, this article puts forward a number of policy recommendations to actively develop green finance, optimize the structure of the agricultural industry, and promote the progress of agricultural technology with the overarching aim of promoting the sustainable development of China’s agriculture through green finance.
The Impact of Digitalization and Sustainability on Governance Structures and Corporate Communication: A Cross-Industry and Cross-Country Approach
Authors: Capurro Rosita , Fiorentino Raffaele , Galeotti Rubina Michela , Garzella Stefano
Published: January 2023

Digitalization and sustainability are changing companies by transforming products, services and operations. While the growth of a digital and sustainable economy may increase firm performance, these new trends also raise potential challenges for companies pertaining to corporate governance structures. Companies are now faced with various alternatives regarding how digitalization and sustainability roles might be integrated into corporate governance structures. We aim to analyse how roles dedicated to digitalization and sustainability have been integrated into governance structures and how these changes impact corporate communication. We provide an explorative analysis in a sample of Italian, French and Spanish companies from the fashion and food sectors. These companies exhibit common features, analogous levels of success and critical factors and similar business models; moreover, fashion and food represent two of the main driving sectors of the selected countries’ economies. For these companies, the findings highlight a positive convergence regarding the inclusion of new corporate roles devoted to managing digitalization and sustainability processes. However, the analysis shows the different impacts of these roles on corporate governance structures and the different ways of externally communicating these impacts. In this sense, our study encourages the identification of governance models and different kinds of corporate communication that are able to promote digitalization processes and sustainable paths for companies. The paper contributes to the field of digitalization and sustainability studies and suggests insights to help practitioners manage related processes by promoting an evolution in the corporate governance structures and corporate communications of food and fashion companies.
The Effects of Changes in Financial Performance on Value Creation in Digital Transformation: A Comparison with Undigitalized Firms
Authors: An Sang-Bong , Yoon Ki-Chang
Published: January 2023

We attempted to analyze the effect of changes in financial performance after digital transformation on firm value creation, compared to undigitalized firms for digitally transformed firms listed in the KOSPI market in Korea. To this end, we conducted an independent sample t-test and a multivariate regression analysis for a total of 12,143 firms listed on the KOSDAQ market, from 2011 to 2021. As a result of the empirical analysis of our study, it was confirmed that digitally transformed firms showed differential results in changes in financial performance compared to undigitalized firms. Overall, changes in profitability, stability, and growth are excellent, but in some aspects of activity and productivity, it is confirmed that they are weaker than undigitalized firms. In addition, it was confirmed that there was a difference in the change in the current ratio and the total asset turnover rate in the changes in the financial performance affecting the value creation. Nonetheless, there were insignificant differences in other variables.
Parametric Reconstruction of Traditional Village Morphology Based on the Space Gene Perspective—The Case Study of Xiaoxi Village in Western Hunan, China
Authors: Jiang Yujie , Li Ni , Wang Ziyue
Published: January 2023

Traditional settlement space contains regional, natural, economic, historical, and cultural characteristics. The spatial texture serves as a material carrier of rural life and production and a vital landscape resource for the traditional villages. Traditional rural settlements have formed relatively unique and stable spatial form genes over time, which contain the “order” and “law” of spatial creation traditionally established in villages. The metropolis erodes traditional village spaces due to fast socioeconomic development and urbanization. In addition, the lack of adequate recognition and continuation of spatial texture in current mainstream village construction planning methods also limits the ability of villages to adapt to environmental changes and promote self-repair and adjustment, which, in turn, causes the gradual disappearance of their distinctive appearance. The reason is the need for more quantitative research and planning on the genes controlling the evolution of spatial texture morphology in traditional villages. They are faced with issues such as blind construction and development, a fracture in the rural characteristic spatial texture inheritance, and a loss of the distinctive vernacular landscape. Adopting an objective and in-depth approach to the cognition of traditional village space texture is an essential demand for the preservation, optimization, and renewal of the spatial appearance of rural settlements. We use the spatial genes of village settlements as its starting point. It then uses the spatial texture of village settlements connected to gene information mining as its specific method. We investigate the autogenous law of traditional village spatial form and determine its application using the CityEngine parametric platform, digitalization, and 3D visualization as the applied technical means. The feasibility and implementation path of the parameterization technique are explored using the traditional village of Xiaoxi in western Hunan Province as an example. We effectively promote the integration of rural spatial landscape resources, feature assessment, optimization guidance, and management control and provide an innovative research perspective and scientific planning path for analyzing the spatial morphological evolution of traditional villages.
The Implications of Food Security on Sustainability: Do Trade Facilitation, Population Growth, and Institutional Quality Make or Mar the Target for SSA?
Authors: Ibrahim Ridwan Lanre , Al-Mulali Usama , Ajide Kazeem Bello , Mohammed Abubakar , Al-Faryan Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh
Published: January 2023

This study examines the impactful role played by trade facilitation (TF) in promoting or hindering food security in a panel of 34 sub-Saharan countries for the period 2005–2019. The empirical evidence is based on the Two-Step Dynamic System Generalized Method of Moments estimator, employed to account for econometric concerns bothering on unobserved heterogeneity and potential endogeneity inherent in the variables used. The empirical findings show that the nature of TF procedures, which are inefficient, negatively impact food security in SSA. These effects are evident on the availability and accessibility dimensions of food security as well as their composite index. While it is noted that this result runs counter to the established a priori of positive signs on the one hand, it however portrays the reality of the economic phenomenon in SSA on the other/hand. In balance, the present TF regime can best be described as anti-food security as suggested by the prevailing burdensome procedures involved in exporting and importing staple food items. The functional roles of population growth and institutional quality are empirically enhanced divergently. Going forward, we recommend that for food sufficiency and Sustainable Development Goals to be achieved quickly, governments within the region would need to finetune the underlying modalities of the present TF regime
Micro-Mobility Sharing System Accident Case Analysis by Statistical Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: İnaç Hakan
Published: January 2023

This study aims to analyze the variables that affect the accidents experienced by e-scooter users and to estimate the probability of an accident during travel with an e-scooter vehicle. The data of e-scooter drivers, offered for use via rental application in 15 different cities of Turkey, were run in this study. The methodology of this study consists of testing the effects of the input parameters with the statistical analysis of the data, estimating the probability of an e-scooter accident with machine learning, and calculating the optimum values of the input parameters to minimize e-scooter accidents. By running SVM, RF, AB, kNN, and NN algorithms, four statuses (completed, injured, material damage, and nonapplicable) likely to be encountered by shared e-scooter drivers during the journey are estimated in this study. The F1 score values of the SVM, RF, kNN, AB, and NN algorithms were calculated as 0.821, 0.907, 0.839, 0.928, and 0.821, respectively. The AB algorithm showed the best performance with high accuracy. In addition, the highest consistency ratio in the ML algorithms belongs to the AB algorithm, which has a mean value of 0.930 and a standard deviation value of 0.178. As a result, the rental experience, distance, driving time, and driving speed for a female driver were calculated as 100, 10.44 km, 48.33 min, and 13.38 km/h, respectively, so that shared e-scooter drivers can complete their journey without any problems. The optimum values of the independent variables of the rental experience, distance, driving time, and driving speed for male drivers were computed as 120, 11.49 km, 52.20 min, and 17.28 km/h, respectively. Finally, this study generally provides a guide to authorized institutions so that customers who use shared and rentable micro-mobility e-scooter vehicles do not have problems during the travel process.
The Drying Peace–Athabasca Delta, Canada: Review and Synthesis of Cryo-Hydrologic Controls and Projections to Future Climatic Conditions
Authors: Beltaos Spyros
Published: January 2023

The Peace–Athabasca Delta (PAD) in northern Alberta, Canada is one of the world’s largest inland freshwater deltas, home to large populations of waterfowl, muskrat, beaver, and free-ranging wood bison. The delta region has been designated a Ramsar wetland of international importance and is largely located within the Wood Buffalo National Park, itself being a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Indigenous residents have depended on the delta for centuries to sustain their culture and lifeways. In the past five decades, the PAD has experienced prolonged dry periods in-between rare floods, accompanied by reduction in the area covered by lakes and ponds that provide habitat for aquatic life. Recharge of the higher-elevation, or “perched”, basins depends on overland flooding generated by major spring ice jams that occasionally form in the lower reaches of the Peace and Athabasca Rivers and in their various distributaries. Indigenous Traditional Knowledge and Historical Records for the unregulated Athabasca River are relatively scarce, but conclusively demonstrate the role of ice jams in replenishing perched basins of the Athabasca sector of the PAD. Similar information, coupled with extensive hydrometric and observational data for the regulated Peace River have enabled elucidation of the physical mechanisms that lead to ice-jam flooding of the Peace sector and assessment of regulation impacts on flood frequency. Such understanding can inform design of remedial strategies to moderate or arrest the drying trend of the delta. Climate-related projections to future scenarios suggest reduced frequency of ice-jam floods, albeit with uncertainty.
The Impact of Renewable Energy Sources on the Sustainable Development of the Economy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Authors: Candra Oriza , Chammam Abdeljelil , Alvarez José Ricardo Nuñez , Muda Iskandar , Aybar Hikmet Ş.
Published: January 2023

Growing population and limited energy resources have impacted energy consumption. Limited fossil fuel resources and increased pollution threaten national and human societies. These elements emphasize energy sources. Renewable energy use affects growth. All new energy sources, including renewables, are crucial for global economic growth. Economic and environmental issues have led to new approaches in international environmental law, including the green economy. This study employs structural vector auto-regression (SVAR) to compare the effects and outcomes of increasing the use of renewable energy in the context of economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions in middle income countries (MICs) and high income countries (HICs). The results show that these indicators demonstrate that the production of energy from renewable sources has positive short-term and long-term economic effects with varying contributions. However, renewable energies have a greater impact on the green economy in selected MICs than in selected HICs. Therefore, the promotion of macroeconomic indicators is viewed as one of the reasons for the development of policies to increase energy production from renewable sources in selected countries.
Performance Assessment of Giant Reed-Based Building Components
Authors: Caponetto Rosa , Cuomo Massimo , Detommaso Maurizio , Giuffrida Giada , Presti Antonio Lo , Nocera Francesco
Published: January 2023

The growing concern for the reduction of energy needs and the environmental impact of the building sector has placed emphasis on the possibilities offered by natural materials. The adoption of agricultural by-products seems to be promising and in line with the circular economy paradigm. Materials such as hemp and straw have been extensively adopted in contemporary construction, but nevertheless, the potential use of giant reed has not been sufficiently investigated despite being a common infesting plant abundantly available all over the planet. This work focuses on the performances assessment of lime/cement–reeds mixtures as base materials to design a new line of building components (bricks, blocks, panels and loose insulation) that can be used both in new bio-based construction and in existing buildings for energy-efficiency retrofit. The main materials used in the experimental campaign are giant reed by-products, lime, cement and local and recycled aggregates. The evaluation of the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of lime–reed and cement–reed composites are presented. The results of thermal conductivities (between 0.245 and 0.191 W/m K) and mechanical properties (compressive strengths between 0.848 and 1.509 MPa, and flexural strengths between 0.483 and 0.829 MPa) allow meeting the requirements for non-bearing and thermal building blocks. The outcomes show how blocks made with the abovementioned lime–reed mixture have good mechanical performance and thermo-physical behavior when compared to conventional building materials such as hollow clay or hemp blocks with the same thickness.
Use of One-Stage Detector and Feature Detector in Infrared Video on Transport Infrastructure and Tunnels
Authors: Švorc David , Tichý Tomáš , Růžička Miroslav , Ivasienko Petr
Published: January 2023

This article presents the use of the combination of the object detection method and feature detector in an infrared video on traffic infrastructure and in tunnels. The theme of the paper is the validation of vehicle detection and its classification using infrared video streams. In addition, the article focuses on the use of a feature detector and object detection to distinguish between vehicles with electric and combustion motors. The method suggests the use of a low-resolution thermal camera as an inexpensive extension of installed thermal camera technologies. The developed system has been verified for the applicability of vehicle detection and classification using object detection methods and their application in transport infrastructure and tunnels. It also presents a method for distinguishing propulsion units into electric and internal combustion; both systems’ conclusions are then statistically verified. The application of the system is evident in regional traffic management systems, including safety applications for traffic control in tunnels. Categorizing vehicles provides valuable information for higher levels of traffic management, toll systems, and municipal database systems, as well as for a preventive system for estimating vehicle conditions and their potential of fire in tunnels.
Efficacy of Phosphine on Different Life Stages of Alphitobius diaperinus and Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Gourgouta Marina , Athanassiou Christos G.
Published: January 2023

The efficacy of phosphine has been established for numerous major stored product insects. However, data related to the evaluation of the effect of phosphine on Tenebrio molitor L and Alphitobius diaperinus Panzer are limited. The present study aims to evaluate the susceptibility of these species to phosphine by using the following evaluation protocols: (a) all life stages were exposed for 3 days to different concentrations of phosphine, (b) adults were exposed to 3000 ppm until all exposed individuals were immobilized, using the Phosphine Tolerance Test (PTT, Detia Degesch GmbH, Germany), and (c) adults were exposed to 3000 ppm of phosphine for 90 min by again using the PTT protocol. For all series of bioassays, delayed mortality was recorded 7 and 14 d post-exposure. According to our results, 100 ppm for three days was sufficient to kill all life stages, including the eggs, for both species. Alphitobius diaperinus adults were found to be more tolerant than those T. molitor, as noticeable survival was observed, even after 90 min of exposure to 3000 ppm. Our study provides some initial data for the efficacy of short and long exposures of A. diaperinus and T. molitor to phosphine.
On General Class of Z-Contractions with Applications to Spring Mass Problem
Authors: Alansari Monairah , Shehu Shagari Mohammed
Published: January 2023

One of the latest techniques in metric fixed point theory is the interpolation approach. This notion has so far been examined using standard functional equations. A hybrid form of this concept is yet to be uncovered by observing the available literature. With this background information, and based on the symmetry and rectangular properties of generalized metric spaces, this paper introduces a novel and unified hybrid concept under the name interpolative Y-Hardy–Rogers–Suzuki-type Z-contraction and establishes sufficient conditions for the existence of fixed points for such contractions. As an application, one of the obtained results was employed to examine new criteria for the existence of a solution to a boundary valued problem arising in the oscillation of a spring. The ideas proposed herein advance some recently announced important results in the corresponding literature. A comparative example was constructed to justify the abstractions and pre-eminence of our obtained results.
Dependence Relations and Grade Fuzzy Set
Authors: Linzi Alessandro , Cristea Irina
Published: January 2023

With the aim of developing the recent theory of dependence relations, we elaborate a procedure to measure the strength of the influence of an element on another with respect to a given dependence relation on a finite set. We call this measure the degree of influence. Its definition is based on a partial hyperoperation and a directed graph which we associate with any dependence relation. We compute the degree of influence in various examples and prove some general properties. Among these properties, we find symmetries that have the potential to be applied in the realization of effective algorithms for the computations.
Stellar β− Decay Rates for 63Co and 63Ni by the Projected Shell Model
Authors: Chen Zi-Rui , Wang Long-Jun
Published: January 2023

β− decay for 63Co-63Ni-63Cu region nuclei play important roles in core-collapse supernovae and the slow neutron-capture (s) process. In this work, the stellar β− decay rates for 63Co and 63Ni are studied within the projected shell model where the effects of thermally populated parent-nucleus excited states are analyzed. For 63Co, the calculated stellar β− decay rates are lower than the results of the conventional shell model. For the s-process branching point 63Ni, the β− decay rate under a terrestrial condition is well described, and the calculated stellar β− decay rates in the s-process condition turn out to increase with stellar temperature due to the contribution from parent-nucleus excited states.
Revival of Classical Algorithms: A Bibliometric Study on the Trends of Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Lou Ta-Feng , Hung Wei-Hsi
Published: January 2023

The purpose of our bibliometric research was to capture and analyze the trends of two types of well-known classical artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms: neural networks (NNs) and genetic algorithms (GAs). Symmetry is a very popular international and interdisciplinary scientific journal that cover six major research subjects of mathematics, computer science, engineering science, physics, biology, and chemistry which are all related to our research on classical AI algorithms; therefore, we referred to the most innovative research articles of classical AI algorithms that have been published in Symmetry, which have also introduced new advanced applications for NNs and Gas. Furthermore, we used the keywords of “neural network algorithm” or “artificial neural network” to search the SSCI database from 2002 to 2021 and obtained 951 NN publications. For comparison purposes, we also analyzed GA trends by using the keywords “genetic algorithm” to search the SSCI database over the same period and we obtained 878 GA publications. All of the NN and GA publication results were categorized into eight groups for deep analyses so as to investigate their current trends and forecasts. Furthermore, we applied the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (K–S test) to check whether our bibliometric research complied with Lotka’s law. In summary, we found that the number of applications for both NNs and GAs are continuing to grow but the use of NNs is increasing more sharply than the use of GAs due to the boom in deep learning development. We hope that our research can serve as a roadmap for other NN and GA researchers to help them to save time and stay at the cutting edge of AI research trends.
Exploring the Potential of Digital Game-Based Vocabulary Learning: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vnucko Gregor , Klimova Blanka
Published: January 2023

Constant technological development creates the need for continual optimization of the educational process to achieve educational objectives with the highest possible efficiency. Surveys have shown that digital games are very popular among all age groups, including when they are used in foreign language education, such as in Digital Game-Based Vocabulary Learning (DGBVL). Therefore, the purpose of this review study is to summarize the existing knowledge on DGBVL and to provide new, cutting-edge information based on available literature accessible within three databases: Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and conducting the search, 13 articles were identified for a deeper analysis. The main findings reveal that DGBVL can create a positive learning environment. In this kind of environment, students experience predominantly positive emotions which may in turn enhance their vocabulary retention. The review suggests that DGBVL is useful in vocabulary learning and may even surpass conventional teaching methods in an English classroom. The findings of this review can serve as a basis for further research, which could ultimately lead to the implementation of DGBVL in the process of English instruction, not only as a supplementary method, but possibly as a full alternative to conventional English lessons.
Neurodevelopmental Effects of Perinatal TCDD Exposure Differ from Those of Other PCDD/Fs in Vietnamese Children Living near the Former US Air Base in Da Nang, Vietnam
Authors: Tran Nghi Ngoc , Pham-The Tai , Pham Thao Ngoc , Vu Hoa Thi , Luong Khue Ngoc , Nishijo Muneko
Published: January 2023

This study reports that children exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetra-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the major toxin in Agent Orange, from the breast milk of mothers residing near the former Da Nang US air base in Vietnam may have specific alterations in higher brain functions, resulting in social and communication deficits, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). After the age of 8 years, girls with high TCDD showed increased attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like behaviors and altered mirror neuron activity, which is often observed in children with ASD. However, no significant relationship between autistic traits and toxic equivalency values of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (TEQ-PCDD/Fs) was found in these children. Notably, boys with high levels of TEQ-PCDD/Fs showed poor language and motor development in the first 3 years of life, although boys with high TCDD levels did not. However, at 8 years of age, boys with high TCDD showed reading learning difficulties, a neurodevelopmental disorder. These findings suggest that perinatal TCDD exposure impacts social–emotional cognitive functions, leading to sex-specific neurodevelopmental disorders—learning difficulty in boys and ADHD in girls. Future studies with a greater number of children exposed to high levels of TCDD are necessary to estimate the threshold values for neurodevelopmental effects.
Modified Gravity Approaches to the Cosmological Constant Problem
Authors:   Foundational Aspects of Dark Energy (FADE) Collaboration, Bernardo Heliudson , Bose Benjamin , Franzmann Guilherme , Hagstotz Steffen , He Yutong , Litsa Aliki , Niedermann Florian
Published: January 2023

The cosmological constant and its phenomenology remain among the greatest puzzles in theoretical physics. We review how modifications of Einstein’s general relativity could alleviate the different problems associated with it that result from the interplay of classical gravity and quantum field theory. We introduce a modern and concise language to describe the problems associated with its phenomenology, and inspect no-go theorems and their loopholes to motivate the approaches discussed here. Constrained gravity approaches exploit minimal departures from general relativity; massive gravity introduces mass to the graviton; Horndeski theories lead to the breaking of translational invariance of the vacuum; and models with extra dimensions change the symmetries of the vacuum. We also review screening mechanisms that have to be present in some of these theories if they aim to recover the success of general relativity on small scales as well. Finally, we summarize the statuses of these models in their attempts to solve the different cosmological constant problems while being able to account for current astrophysical and cosmological observations.
A Serological Investigation of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome and Three Coronaviruses in the Campania Region, Southern Italy
Authors: Ferrara Gianmarco , D’Anza Emanuele , Rossi Antonella , Improda Elvira , Iovane Valentina , Pagnini Ugo , Iovane Giuseppe , Montagnaro Serena
Published: January 2023

Porcine coronaviruses and reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) are responsible for severe outbreaks that cause huge economic losses worldwide. In Italy, three coronaviruses have been reported historically: porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV). Although repeated outbreaks have been described, especially in northern Italy, where intensive pig farming is common, there is a worrying lack of information on the spread of these pathogens in Europe. In this work, we determined the seroprevalence of three porcine coronaviruses and PRRSV in the Campania region, southern Italy. A total of 443 samples were tested for the presence of antibodies against porcine coronaviruses and PRRSV using four different commercial ELISAs. Our results indicated that PEDV is the most prevalent among porcine coronaviruses, followed by TGEV, and finally PRCV. PRRSV appeared to be the most prevalent virus (16.7%). For coronaviruses, seroprevalence was higher in pigs raised in intensive farming systems. In terms of distribution, TGEV is more widespread in the province of Avellino, while PEDV and PRRSV are more prevalent in the province of Naples, emphasizing the epidemic nature of both infections. Interestingly, TGEV-positive animals are more common among growers, while seropositivity for PEDV and PRRSV was higher in adults. Our research provides new insights into the spread of swine coronaviruses and PRRSV in southern Italy, as well as a warning about the need for viral surveillance.
Comparative Surface Electrostatics and Normal Mode Analysis of High and Low Pathogenic H7N7 Avian Influenza Viruses
Authors: Baggio Giulia , Filippini Francesco , Righetto Irene
Published: January 2023

Influenza A viruses are rarely symptomatic in wild birds, while representing a higher threat to poultry and mammals, where they can cause a variety of symptoms, including death. H5 and H7 subtypes of influenza viruses are of particular interest because of their pathogenic potential and reported capacity to spread from poultry to mammals, including humans. The identification of molecular fingerprints for pathogenicity can help surveillance and early warning systems, which are crucial to prevention and protection from such potentially pandemic agents. In the past decade, comparative analysis of the surface features of hemagglutinin, the main protein antigen in influenza viruses, identified electrostatic fingerprints in the evolution and spreading of H5 and H9 subtypes. Electrostatic variation among viruses from avian or mammalian hosts was also associated with host jump. Recent findings of fingerprints associated with low and highly pathogenic H5N1 viruses, obtained by means of comparative electrostatics and normal modes analysis, prompted us to check whether such fingerprints can also be found in the H7 subtype. Indeed, evidence presented in this work showed that also in H7N7, hemagglutinin proteins from low and highly pathogenic strains present differences in surface electrostatics, while no meaningful variation was found in normal modes.
Comparisons of Precipitation Isotopic Effects on Daily, Monthly and Annual Time Scales—A Case Study in the Subtropical Monsoon Region of Eastern China
Authors: Xiao Zhuoyong , Zhang Xinping , Xiao Xiong , Chang Xin , He Xinguang , Zhang Cicheng
Published: January 2023

The study on precipitation isotope variation can potentially improve the understanding of weather processes, regional water cycle and paleoclimate reconstruction in the subtropical monsoon region. Based on the measured stable isotope composition in precipitation (δ18Op) and daily precipitation from January 2010 to December 2021 in Changsha of the subtropical monsoon region of eastern China, the δ18Op variations, amount effect and local meteoric water line (LMWL) were analyzed and compared on daily, monthly and annual time scales, as well as under different precipitation intensities. The results showed that, on the daily time scale, δ18Op was significantly and negatively correlated with precipitation in the study area. Influenced by subcloud evaporation, small precipitation events (≤5 mm/d) could change the rainout level of precipitation isotopes. There were significant differences in the slope and intercept of the LMWL on different time scales, in different seasons and under different precipitation intensities. On the daily and monthly time scales, the slope and intercept of the LMWL in the cold half of the year were significantly smaller and larger than those in the warm half of the year, respectively, and the slope and intercept of the LMWL increased significantly with precipitation intensity, and then remained largely stable. On the annual time scale, the slope and intercept of the LMWL in the cold half of the year were smaller than those in the warm half of the year. The possible reasons for the differences in the LMWL on different time scales are the combined effects of seasonal differences in precipitation intensity and water vapor sources.
Floodplain Forest Restoration as a Nature-Based Solution to Create Climate-Resilient Communities in European Lowland Estuaries
Authors: Markus-Michalczyk Heike , Michalczyk Matthias
Published: January 2023

Anthropogenic impact has largely altered the estuarine environment. Today, Nature-based solutions (NbS) are required to respond to challenges such as flooding that affect both the human population and estuarine ecosystems. Estuarine ecosystems such as saltmarshes and floodplain forests provide valuable services, and wetland restoration for flood control is suggested. Recently, flow velocities attenuating the effects of juvenile floodplain willows and wave attenuation through White willow trees under extreme conditions have been found. Services in flood control seemed promising. However, large woods do not bend and may cause turbulence. On the contrary, complex and flexible woody vegetation bends in response to currents and reduces velocities, thereby inducing lower turbulence, but knowledge of the diversity and structure of tidal willow floodplain forests (TWFF) is lacking. Thus, first, an observational study on the occurrence of TWFF in European estuaries along the North Sea was carried out. Based on findings in aerial images, only small TWFF fragments were confirmed in the field for the Elbe, Ems, Dutch delta, and the Scheldt estuary. Based on these findings and the analyses of management plans, the restoration of TWFF was planned, implemented, and studied, including a long-term study at the Elbe estuary upstream stretch. The results of the restoration efforts are provided, including the long-term study (2012–2022) on a restored TWFF in the Elbe estuary, which could serve as a pilot for TWFF restoration and adapting estuarine communities to climate change via NbS.
Projected Water Scarcity and Hydrological Extremes in the Yellow River Basin in the 21st Century under SSP-RCP Scenarios
Authors: Liu Lyuliu , Xiao Chan , Liu Yihua
Published: January 2023

This study investigated the potential impacts of climate change on water scarcity and hydrological extremes in the Yellow River Basin in the near-term (2026–2050), mid-term (2051–2075), and long-term (2076–2100) periods under three combined pathways of Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) SSP1–2.6, SSP2–45, and SSP5–8.5 relative to the reference period (1986–2010), based on the runoff simulation through the Huayuankou hydrological station using the HBV-D hydrological model, which was forced by a statistically downscaling dataset. The results indicate that water shortage would still threaten the Yellow River because annual runoff will remain below 1000 m3/year, although water scarcity would be alleviated to some degree. More and larger floods will happen in summer in the 21st century, especially in the long-term period under the SSP5–8.5 scenario. More Hydrological droughts will occur during July–October, and some extreme droughts would likely exceed the historical largest magnitudes in July and August in the long term under the SSP5–8.5 scenario.
Monitoring of Plant Cultivation Conditions Using Ground Measurements and Satellite Products
Authors: Kępińska-Kasprzak Małgorzata , Struzik Piotr
Published: January 2023

The purpose of agrometeorological services conducted by various institutions around the world is to support decisions in the field of planning individual farmer works and agrotechnical treatments so as to fully enable the use of the prevailing weather and climatic conditions. However, the not always sufficient spatial distribution of ground measuring stations limits the possibility of the precise determination of meteorological conditions and the state of vegetation in a specific location. The solution may be the simultaneous use of both ground and satellite data, which can improve and enhance the final agrometeorological products. This paper presents examples of the use of meteorological products combining classical ground measurement and data from meteorological radars and satellites, applied in an agrometeorological service provided by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management in Poland. Selected examples cover Wielkopolskie Province, which is a primarily agricultural region. An analysis of the course of the soil moisture index and HTC as well as differences in the PEI spatial distribution from ground and satellite data for the extremely dry growing season of 2018 are presented. The authors tried to demonstrate that combining data available from different sources may be a necessary condition for modern agriculture in the conditions of climate change.
Estimation of Actual Evapotranspiration Using Satellite-Based Surface Energy Balance Derived from Landsat Imagery in Northern Thailand
Authors: Suwanlertcharoen Teerawat , Chaturabul Thodsapol , Supriyasilp Thanaporn , Pongput Kobkiat
Published: January 2023

In this study, satellite-based measures of surface energy balance and the mapping evapotranspiration at high resolution with internalized calibration (METRIC) from Landsat imagery were used to estimate the spatiotemporal distribution of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) in northern Thailand, constituting a procedure that has rarely been performed in southeast Asia. Subsequently, we compared the ETa obtained from METRIC with that calculated using the FAO-56 dual-crop coefficient method via the SIMDualKc software and found a strong correlation. An assessment of the accuracy of all the sample plots revealed the R2, Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) values to be 0.830, 0.730, and 0.575 mm d−1, respectively. Differences in the cumulative ETa values derived from SIMDualKc and METRIC ranged in magnitude from 0.93–3.57% for rice and 3.08–7.99% for longan. The ETa values for forestland and waterbodies were higher than those for agricultural areas and areas with other forms of land use. The spatiotemporal distribution of the seasonal ETa during the dry season was consistent with the climate, vegetation, and anthropogenic activity. Thus, our results indicate that METRIC is a reliable tool for estimating ETa for water resource management under different environmental conditions and improving water use efficiency over large areas.
2019 YILINDA KAYSERİ’DE GERÇEKLEŞEN ÖLÜM İLE SONUÇLANAN İNTİHAR VAKALARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: GÖKÇEK Mebrure Beyza , ASLANER Hümeyra , ÇETİN Adil , YILDIZ Serkan , BENLİ Ali Ramazan
Published: January 2023

İntihar, kişinin hayatını bilerek sonlandırmak istemesidir. Dünyada ilk on ölüm nedeni arasında sayılmakla birlikte önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. İntihar psikolojik faktörlerden etkilenen en önemli ölüm nedenlerinden biridir. Çalışmamız retrospektif tanımlayıcı bir çalışma olarak tasarlanmıştır. Ölüm bildirim sistemi üzerinden 2019 yılında intihar eden kişiler taranarak toplam 61 kişiye ulaşılmıştır. Demografik özellikleri ve intihar ettikleri tarih, sistemde kayıtlı intihar şekilleri, psikiyatrik hastalık tanıları, kullandıkları ilaçlar değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel veri analizlerinde SPSS 21.0 paket programı kullanılmıştır.
2019 yılında ilimizde toplam 61 kişi intihar etmiştir.%75.4’ü erkek, %24.6’sı kadındır. Yaş ortancası (Q1-Q3) 31 (24.5-46) idi.%62.3’ü kendini asarak, %16.4’ü ise ateşli silah, %21.3’ü diğer şekillerde intihar etmişti. %19.7’sinin psikiyatrik bir hastalığı varken %80.3’ünün ruh sağlığı kliniğine başvurusu bulunmamaktaydı. Erkek cinsiyet ve yaş şiddet içeren intihar vakalarını etkileyen faktör iken (p=0.010, p=0.046)medeni hal ve mesleğin şiddet içeren intihar vakalarını etkilemediği saptanmıştır (p=0.54, p=0.761). Ölüm nedenleri arasında üst sıralarda olan, toplumsal bir sorun olan ve multidisipliner ya da disiplinler arası yönetilmesi gereken bir durumdur. Kişileri, çare arama davranışı yönünden desteklemek gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz. İntiharın azalması için kişilerin bireysel tedavi ve terapisinin sağlanması yanında toplumsal ve yasal değişiklikler de yapmak gerekmektedir.
BİRİNCİ BASAMAK SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA KÜLTÜREL YETERLİLİK VE İLİŞKİLİ FAKTÖRLER
Authors: YILMAZ Hediye Elif , TANRİVERDİ Gulbu
Published: January 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, birinci basamak sağlık kurumlarında görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarının kültürel yeterlilik düzeylerini ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemektir. Tanımlayıcı olan bu araştırma Çanakkale ilindeki Toplum Sağlığı ile Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerinde görev yapan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 241 sağlık çalışanı ile tamamlandı. Araştırmaya başlamadan etik kurul ve kurum izni alındı. Veriler “Birinci Basamakta Çalışan Sağlık Personelinin Kültürel Yeterlilik Ölçeğini” de kapsayan anket formu ile toplandı. Araştırmanın istatistiksel analizleri için SPSS 24.0 kullanıldı. Normal dağılıma sahip 2’li grup karşılaştırmasında bağımsız örneklem t-testi, 3 ve üzeri grup karşılaştırmasında tek yönlü ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır. Gruplar arası farklılık olduğu durumlarda ise Bonferroni düzeltmesi testinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre sağlık çalışanlarının kültürel yeterlilik ölçek toplam puan ortalaması ve standart sapması 65,30±14,47 belirlendi. Hemşirelerin, çalışma süresi daha kısa olanların, bekar olanların, farklı etnik gruptan akrabası ya da arkadaşı olanların, farklı kültürleri/dinleri/yaşam biçimlerini merak edenlerin, farklı kültürleri/inançları konu alan film/video/ belgesel izleyenlerin, kurumda farklı inançtan kültürden gelen birey ve ailelerle daha sık karşılaşanların ve kültürel yeterliliği geliştirmeye yönelik herhangi bir eğitim alanların kültürel yeterlilik puan ortalamaları diğerlerine göre daha yüksek bulundu. Sonuçlar doğrultusunda sağlık çalışanlarının kültürel yeterliliklerinin orta düzeyde olduğu söylenebilir. Sağlık çalışanlarının kültürel yeterliliğini geliştirmeye yönelik girişimlerin ve araştırmaların yapılması önerilebilir.
ORTOFİTALDEHİT İLE ORTOFİTALDEHİT-GÜMÜŞ NANOPARTİKÜL ve ORTOFİTALDEHİT GÜMÜŞ GRAFENOKSİT NANOPARTİKÜLLERİN ANTİMİKROBİYAL ETKİNLİĞİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: CAN SEZGİN Gülten , ILDİZ Nilay
Published: January 2023

Ülkemizde gastroenteroloji kliniklerinde sıklıkla invaziv prosedürler uygulanmakta ve maliyeti oldukça yüksek olmaktadır. Bu amaçla bu kliniklerde sterilizasyonda önemli yeri olan ortofitaldehit (OPA) ile nanopartiküller sentezlenmiş ve ortofitaldehit kullanım miktarı azaltılmak sureti ile elde edilen nanokompozitlerin, sterilizasyon etkinliğini arttırması hedeflenmiştir. OPA gümüş ve grafenoksit nanopartiküller sentezlenmiş ve etkin çapları (hidrodinamik çaplar) ile yüzey yükleri sırasıyla dinamik ışık saçılma (DLS) ve Zeta potansiyel (ZT) ölçümleri ile belirlenmiştir. Ortofitaldehit ve nanokompozitlerin Staphylococcusaureus (S. aureus) ATCC 25923, Escherichiacoli (E. coli) ATCC 35218 ve Candidaalbicans (C. albicans) ATCC 90028 standart suşlarına karşı antimikrobiyal etkinlikleri sıvı mikrodilüsyon yöntemi kullanılarakyüzde inhibisyon metodu ile hesaplanmıştır. OPA@AgNP’lerin STEM ile 10-25 nm boyutunda olduğu belirlenmiştir. OPA@AgNP ve OPA@Ag@GONK’lerin olarak sırasıyla ~430 ve ~415 nmabsorbans piki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. OPA@AgNP ve OPA@Ag@GONK’lerin yüzey yükü sırasıyla -33 mV ile -46 mV olarak belirlenmiştir. OPA@Ag@GONK’lerin hidrodinamik çapı ise 1250 nm civarında ölçülmüştür. Grafenoksit negatif yüklü bir malzemedir, üzerine negatif yüklü OPA@AgNP’ler(-33 mV) oluştuğunda yeni malzeme olan OPA@Ag@GONK’lerin yüzey yükü -46 mV’a çıkmıştır. Sonuçlar birbiri ile uyumludur.Test edilen tüm mikroorganizmalarda genel olarak sırasıyla OPA@Ag@GONK, OPA@AgNPve OPA arasında anlamlı bir fark (p<0.001) olduğu görülmektedir. Sentezlenen nanokompozitler OPA’dan sentezlenen ilk nanokompozitler olma özelliğini taşımaktadır. Bununla birlikte tek başına OPA kullanımından daha yüksek antimikrobiyal etkinliğe sahip olmaları yönüyle de önem arz etmektedir.
أشكال التعرية المائية وآثارها على الدينامية البيئية، حالات من المغرب الشمالي الشرقي.
Authors: Omar Mouadili , Abdellkader Sbai
Published: January 2023

يعرف المغرب الشمالي الشرقي عموما وحوضا وادي العابد ووادي اتلاغ خصوصا، مظاهر عدة لتدهور الأراضي نتيجة التعرية المائية، وتتباين من حيث آليات تشكيلها بفعل تعدد وتداخل العوامل الطبيعية والبشرية، وأشكالها المختلفة، كالتعرية الغشائية، والسيلان المركز، والتخديد.
من خلال هذا العمل، تم جرد مظاهر التعرية وتوزيعها المجالي بالحوضين قصد محاولة فهم واستنباط ما يعكسه هذا التوزيع لهذه الأشكال، من حيث تأثيرها على الدينامية البيئية بفعل تدهور هذه الأراضي، ثم تحديد مساحة ونسبة كل مظهر على حدة. ولهذه الغاية، تم الاعتماد على المرئيات الفضائية العالية الدقة، والزيارات المتكررة للميدان للوقوف والمعاينة، للتمكن من رسم مختلف أشكال التعرية الموزعة بالمجال المدروس.
التراث الطبيعي دعامة للتنمية وتنوع المنتوج السياحي بإقليم الخنيفرة -المغرب
Authors: Mehrir Zakaria , Lafhel Assia , Sami Abdelemajid
Published: January 2023

يشكل إقليم خنيفرة مجالا غنيا بالموارد والاوساط الطبيعية (بحيرات، منابع، مغارات...) التي تجعل منه احتياطيا استراتيجيا يمكن استثماره في المجال السياحي؛ وخاصة فيما بات يعرف بالسياحة البيئية، بعد تعالي الأصوات المنادية بضرورة المحافظة على البيئة وخلق نشاط سياحي نظيف وأخضر يراعي الخصوصيات المجالية، ويوفق بين حماية البيئة والمحافظة على التنوع البيولوجي والثقافي، لكن وبسبب عوامل عديدة منها غياب ثقافة السياحة البيئية وضعف التجهيزات فان السياحة بالإقليم لم ترقى للمستوى المطلوب
العوامل المؤثرة على اقتناع مواطني المجتمعات الريفية بوجود فايروس كورونا دراسة تطبيقية علي قرية الكاملين غرب بولاية الجزيرة – السودان
Authors: El kanzi Abbas Moubarak Mohammed Khalfallah
Published: January 2023

هدف هذا البحث الوصفي التعرف على أهم العوامل المؤثرة علي اقناع مواطني المجتمعات الريفية بوجود فايروس كورونا الذي انتشر آواخر عام 2019م في الصين واتساع رقعة انتشاره جغرافيا منذ ظهوره في أغلب دول العالم ، استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي ، تم أخذ عينة قصدية حجمها(400) مفردة باستخدام الاستبيان، وبناءاً علي النتائج التي خلصت لها البحث تم تقديم عدد من التوصيات قد تساهم في اقناع مواطني المجتمعات الريفية بوجود وخطورة المرض
المدونة المسرحية بين صناعة النص وسلطة التأويل (دراسة تاريخية)
Authors: Abbas khamis Ali abd el amir
Published: January 2023

باتت سلطة التأويل الإخراجية في متابعة حركة المعنى لدى النص المسرحي (المرجع)، وإظهار التوسطات الجديدة التي يقيمها الخطاب بين الإنسان والعالم، ما هو إلاّ رؤية مُمهّدة لرؤيا سابقة يُستدل بها من خلال (العلامة، والمدلول، والاستعارة، والرمز، والنظام) عن معنى جديد لمعنى قديم، فلا يمكن التوقّف عند المعنى الأول والثاني، وهكذا تباعاً، فالتأويل متمثلاً بسلطته هو فن امتلاك الشروط الضرورية للفهم.
دراسة أثرية لنماذج فنية من الملاعق تعود إلى الفترة العثماني
Authors: Ben laalam Warda
Published: January 2023

عرفت الفترة العثمانية ازدهارا كبيرا في الفنون الإسلامية، حيث تطورت هذه المشغولات وأصبحت توظف في مختلفة التحف الفنية بما فيها الأواني المنزلية، لهذا أردنا تسليط الضوء على نموذج من هذه التحف الفنية وهي الملاعق، حيث يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة مجموعة متحفية وهي عبارة عن ملاعق تعود إلى الفترة العثمانية، وذلك من خلال دراسة أثرية تنشر لأول مرة عن الوظيفة الحقيقة لهذه الملاعق وإستعمالتها.