bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the Quality and Quantity of Beechwood from Tree to Sawmill Product
Authors: Marenče Jurij , Šega Bogdan , Gornik Bučar Dominika
Published: December 2019

The analysis evaluates the potential and methods of the respective assessment of beech trees, beech logs and sawn timber. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of the quality of the incoming raw material (tree) on the quality and quantity of products – obtained at the sawmill. The study presents a model that indicates the relations between the assessment of the quality of a standing beech tree and the quality of the sawmill products obtained from its wood. In addition, relations between individual quality classes of sawlogs, pulpwood, energy wood and sawn timber are shown. Standing trees were assessed in three sites according to the national 5-grade quality scale, assortments produced from selected trees pursuant to the EN 1316-1 standard, and sawn timber produced from assortments according to the rules of the European Organisation of the Sawmill Industry (EOS). In total, 87.04 m3 of timber was harvested. In higher quality trees (quality 1 and 2), the shares of sawlogs were between 53% and 72% of gross tree volume, but in the poorest quality trees, the shares were only between 23% and 36%. What remained was pulp and energy wood. In trees of excellent quality (quality 1), sawlogs of the highest quality prevailed (A and B quality grade), while sawlogs of C and B quality prevailed in trees of lower quality. Covered knots and heart defects were typically the decisive criteria for classifying sawlogs quality in all three sites. A total of 30,786 m3 of unedged timber was sawn from the sawlogs, which comprised 35% of the total gross quantity of trees on average. Nine percent of the sawn timber was classified into the A–EOS class (top quality), 27% into the B–EOS class and 47% into the C–EOS class. Seventeen percent of the timber was only suitable for post-processing. The crucial criteria for classifying sawn timber were as follows: dead and rotten knots, heart, curvature and cracks. Above-average sawlogs (A and B quality grade) was mainly obtained from trees of better quality. Relations between the quality of trees, sawlogs and sawn timber indicated the suitability of classifying standing trees and sawlogs, since it was possible to produce sawn timber of higher quality from quality trees or logs. The model presents a rare attempt to establish and monitor quality and quantity from standing tree to end product.
Modelling of Work Efficiency in Cable Traction with Tractor Implementing the Least-Squares Methods and Robust Regression
Authors: Ünver-Okan Saliha
Published: December 2019

Wood-harvesting activities are conducted by contractors through tendering based on prices determined by the amount of transported wood, land conditions and transport method parameters. Managers should determine the average completion time of the work and the base price accurately to prevent both work and contractor losses prior to the tender and note the same in the tender contract. Thus, prediction of productivity in wood production is of great importance in the determination of the work duration and cost. In this context, the aim of the present study was to determine the most accurate estimation model that would predict productivity (Pe) based on log volume (Vt), route slope (P) and winching distance (D) in uphill cable skidding activities with a drum tractor. In the current study, estimation models were developed that use both linear regression through SPSS employing all data and the robust regression method that minimizes the effect of outliers. Harvesting units were selected among pure spruce (Picea orientalis (L.) Link) stands via the uphill cable-skidding method with a tractor in the North-East of Turkey. Route slope, winching distance, log volume and time-consumption data were collected in the chosen harvesting units and productivity prediction models were developed with these data. In this study, the productivity estimation was performed using linear regression in SPSS and robust regression methods prepared in MATLAB environment. The coefficients calculated by these methods were statistically tested, and it was determined that the winching distance coefficient was insignificant with both methods. Thus, the productivity estimation model was re-determined with both methods based on the slope and log volume parameters, and the findings were compared. Additionally, the standard errors of the coefficients of both models were compared and it was concluded that the robust method was more sensitive than the SPSS regression method.
Capacidad jurídica y acceso a la justicia de las personas con discapacidad en Argentina | Juridical capacity and access to justice for persons with disabilities in Argentina
Authors: Iglesias Frecha Juan Manuel
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo analiza el ciclo de las políticas públicas -conformación de la agenda, discusión de alternativas, toma de decisiones, implementación y evaluación- sobre discapacidad en Argentina relacionado con el derecho al acceso a la justicia y a la capacidad jurídica desde la perspectiva de la Convención sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad. Metodológicamente se propone un circuito de análisis que va de la sociedad al Estado –a través de la política- y del Estado a la sociedad –a través de las políticas. Se toma como casos el Protocolo para el acceso a la justicia de las personas con discapacidad. Propuestas para un trato adecuado, aprobado por RES N° 1417/13 de la Defensoría General de la Nación y el Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación, aprobado por Ley 26.994 (B.O. del 01/08/2015).
NMR spectroscopy in drug discovery and development: Evaluation of physico-chemical properties
Authors: Zloh Mire
Published: December 2019

Determination of physico-chemical properties of compounds is one of the corner-stones in selection of hit molecules for further progression into lead development in the modern drug discovery process. The speed of traditional analyses and limited quantities of hit molecules are obstacles for efficient acquisition of experimental data. Herein, the range of applications of quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as a fast technique used to evaluate solubility, log P and pKa are discussed.
Applications of biophysical techniques in drug discovery and development
Authors: Verbic Tatjana
Published: December 2019

Editorial: Applications of biophysical techniques in drug discovery and development
The role of oral formulation of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulphate for the treatment of the patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux
Authors: Chmielecka-Rutkowska Jolanta , Tomasik Bartłomiej , Pietruszewska Wioletta
Published: December 2019

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Education in a personal relationship of meeting
Authors: Straś-Romanowska Maria M.
Published: December 2019

This article presents an outline for personalistic model of education based on the assumptions of the philosophy of meeting. It has been set against two classic models: the pragmatic as well as the voluntaris one, pointing out to their limitations, such as the deficiency of the axiological, that is ethical aspect. It has been emphasized that in the educational process partake two subjects, each of whom, due to the personal relationship of meeting has the chance to opening up to another and deriving inspiration for development. As for the most important aim of education, sensitization to moral values and teaching these principles accordingly has been indicated – for the welfare of a person and their community at the same time. Consequently, three levels of educational proces have emerged, namely: the pre-educational level (pre-education), educational level (education) and post-educational level (self-education).
'Upbringing’ in the paradigm of social constructivism
Authors: Dryll Ewa
Published: December 2019

The article contains a proposal for a theoretical model of the phenomenon of ‘upbringing’ embedded in the paradigm of social constructivism. The concepts of this model refer to the common world of adult’s and child’s lives. The model consists of both the content of culture, in which this world is immersed, and the reality of the microsystem (family, dyad) created by participation and dialogue. In the educational dialogue, an inexperienced partner is introduced into the system of meanings used by an adult. Educational relationship is not symmetrical. Instead, it is complementary because of a stable, emotionally saturated relationship between a child and a person acting as an educator (most often a parent). Complementarity is expressed in different roles due to the distribution of responsibility, which determines different responsibilities and rights of each person. Control is implemented through a mechanism of self-realizing expectations that adults have towards their children. The description of the phenomenon of upbringing in the current of social constructivism examines relationships between two persons from the above-individualistic perspective. This is the most significant advantage of the proposed approach.
Upbringing and parenting, style of upbringing and parenting style. Terminological analysis
Authors: Bakiera Lucyna
Published: December 2019

The article presents considerations on the essence of education inspired by the perception of the ambiguity of categories used in psychology and concerning parenting, such as parenting style, style of upbringing and parental attitude. In the article, the differences between social influence and development and upbringing as well as key features of educational activities (intentionality, purposefulness, processuality, asymmetry of educational relation) were pointed out. The author treats upbringing as a long-lasting and intentional interpersonal interaction aimed at optimization the development of a pupil. The domain of educational activity is updating the developmental potential. Accepting such an assumption, she notes that not all parenting activities mean upbringing. Its influence can be destructive from the child's development point of view. However, the attempt to go beyond the caring and educational functions with which parenthood is most often identified has resulted in the author's approach to the parenting style. It is discussed on the basis of a complex network of factors differentiating the interpersonal and intrapsychic dimension of the parents' experiences.
Provision of structure in educational context: Perspective of self-determination theory
Authors: Święcicka Małgorzata
Published: December 2019

The aim of the article is to analyze the concept of a parent’s provision of structure as proposed in the Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Basic assumptions and thesis of SDT concerning autonomous motivation are discussed. According to SDT, autonomous motivation develops by internalization of initially externalized motivation. Parents can facilitate this process by responding to a child's basic psychological needs: autonomy, relatedness and competence. The need for competence is satisfied by providing a structure, which allows children to feel in control of their environment. Parental structure promotes development of autonomous motivation only when parental support is present. In the article the concept of providing a structure is linked to other similar constructs: scaffolding, control and setting limits, to show the specificity of the SDT perspective.
STRIVE to improve educational outcomes: supporting students with disabilities in the general education classroom
Authors: Schrauben Kristen S. , Owen-DeSchryver Jamie , Cale Sanja
Published: December 2019

Increasingly, students with a variety of disabilities are being included in general education settings; however, many of these students have academic, behavioral, and social challenges that can interfere with their participation and performance. Teachers and school professionals supporting students with disabilities need effective and efficient strategies that can improve student outcomes. This paper describes a set of six domains of research-supported practices that can be implemented to support students. These practices are organized using the acronym STRIVE: Social supports, Teaching practices, Rewards and motivation, Independence, Visual supports, and Engagement. We include examples of how these practices can be used class-wide to support all students, and how they can be adapted to support specific students with disabilities. Practitioner-friendly applications and resources are included to support implementation within school settings.
The many faces of Raoultella spp.
Authors: Sękowska Alicja
Published: December 2019

Raoultella genus consists of Gram-negative, aerobic, encapsulated and non-motile rods. The name of the genus derives from the name of the French bacteriologist Raoul. Currently, four species belong to the genus: R. planticola, R. ornithinolytica, R. terrigena and R. electrica. The standard biochemical test used to identify Raoultella genus should be supplemented with additional tests, because of the close relationship between the genera Raoultella and Klebsiella. In 2001 Klebsiella planticola, K. ornithinolytica and K. terrigena were re-classified to new genus Raoultella. Re-classification was based on 16S rRNA sequence and rpoB, gyrA and gyrB genes. An alternative to phenotypic identification may be mass spectrometry or genetic methods (16s rRNA). These bacteria are commonly associated with natural environments (plants, water, soil). Raoultella spp. rods are not a highly virulent pathogen. Their virulence factors include polysaccharide capsule, fimbriae, siderophores, toxins and ability to form a biofilm. It has been shown that Raoultella spp. may colonize the gastrointestinal and upper respiratory tract in humans and cause cholangitis and lung infections. The literature also includes works on the antimicrobial activity of Raoultella rods and the possibility of using them in the environment protection. This review summarizes the current knowledge of Raoultella species identification, virulence and the possibility of using them in the protection of the environment.
Thioacetamide – inhalable fraction. Documentation of proposed values of occupational
exposure limits (OELs)
Authors: Bruchajzer Elżbieta , Szymańska Jadwiga , Frydrych Barbara
Published: December 2019

Thioacetamide occurs in the form of colorless crystals with a characteristic smell of mercaptans. It was used in the past as a fumigant to prevent oranges from rotting, in rubber vulcanization and as a diesel stabilizer. It is currently used in a qualitative analysis as a source of hydrogen sulfide. According to information from the Central Register of Data on Exposure to Carcinogenic or Mutagenic Substances, Mixtures, Factors or Technological Processes in 2005-2016 from 486 to 1137 people were exposed to thioacetamide in Poland. Most of them were women. The LD50 value after intragastric administration of the compound to rats is 301 mg/kg. Thioacetamide is a strong hepatotoxic agent, its single dose caused hepatic necrosis. Administered repeatedly it induced liver damage, which was indicated by biochemical changes and cirrhosis. The effects of thioacetamide toxicity in chronic animal experiments indicated a relationship to exposure time. After chronic exposure of rats to thioacetamide in drinking water (at 0.03%, i.e., approximately 35 mg/kg/day) or in feed (0.5% in feed, i.e., approximately 28 mg/kg/day), hepatitis and local hepatic foci were noted after 4 months, these changes later intensified, and after 8–17 months chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and cancer of the liver and bile ducts occurred. The results of mutagenicity and genotoxicity studies of thioacetamide are inconclusive. It can be assumed that the compound may damage genetic material in vivo after biotransformation to a highly hepatotoxic metabolite. The metabolism of thioacetamide by S-oxidation (mainly with the participation of CYP2E1) leads to the production of sulfoxide (TASO), and then to hepatotoxic, highly reactive sulfone (TASO2). The latter is of fundamental importance for the mechanism of toxic action of thioacetamide (by binding with hepatic macromolecules). Thioacetamide metabolites also induce oxidative stress. Because of neoplasms observed in chronic studies, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) included thioacetamide in group 2B – agents probably carcinogenic to humans. According to the CLP classification, thioacetamide is a category-1B carcinogen with a "H350 – May cause cancer" note. The hepatotoxic effects of thioacetamide in rats after repeated administration were used as the basis for determining the maximum acceptable concentration (MAC; TLV-TWA – threshold limit value-time weighted average). A concentration of 1.5 mg/m3 was proposed as the MAC value. There are no bases to determine the short-term exposure limit (STEL) and the biological limit value (BLV). "Carc. 1B" marking is also proposed, as thioacetamide is a category-1B carcinogen. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.
Visuomenės dalyvavimo samprata baziniuose pirmojo Lietuvos Nepriklausomybės dešimtmečio sveikatos politikos dokumentuose (1991 - 2002)
Authors: Baltrušaitytė Giedrė
Published: December 2019

Straipsnyje, remiantis mokslinės literatūros apžvalga bei dokumentų analize nagrinėjama, kokia visuomenės dalyvavimo su sveikata susijusių sprendimų priėmime samprata buvo formuluojama pagrindiniuose sveikatos politikos dokumentuose pirmąjį dešimtmetį po Lietuvos Nepriklausomybės atkūrimo. Straipsnyje analizuojama 16 sveikatos politikos dokumentų: Nacionalinė sveikatos koncepcija (1991), Lietuvos sveikatos programa (1998) ir 1994 – 2002 m. priimti sveikatos sistemą reglamentavę įstatymai, kuriuose kalbama apie visuomenės dalyvavimą. Daromos išvados, jog nors visuomenės dalyvavimo svarba pagrindiniuose sveikatos politikos dokumentuose buvo pabrėžiama, tačiau galimybės, kaip visuomenė konkrečiai galėtų įsitraukti į su sveikatos priežiūra susijusių sprendimų priėmimą ir ypač į sveikatos politikos procesus, daugumoje dokumentų nebuvo aiškiai apibrėžtos. Daugelyje nacionalinės svarbos sveikatos politikos dokumentų visuomenė matoma kaip poveikio objektas, dominuoja dalyvavimo kaip pacientų įsitraukimo priimant savo sveikatai svarbius sprendimus samprata.
Institutionalisation of Behavioural Insights in Public Policy
Authors: Khadzhyradieva Svitlana , Hrechko Tetiana , Smalskys Vainius
Published: December 2019

Over the last decade, the development of cognitive and behavioural sciences has determined the diffusion of the concept and methodology of behavioural insights into social sciences, including the governance sphere. Behavioural teams worldwide participate in developing and implementing the strategies at various levels of governance organisation. The aim of this study is to investigate the institutionalisation process of behavioural insights into public policy. The study has identified the agentive determinants of the institutionalisation efficiency that include: the competence level of public servants, their motivation level, resistance to change and the nature of feedback. It is argued that the approval level of using behavioural insights by civil servants is a prerequisite for their intrinsic motivation, which has a positive effect on the efficiency of institutionalisation of behavioural insights in public policy. The survey has revealed the most approved directions for using behavioural techniques in public policy in Ukraine.
A Systematic Review of Knowledge Visualization Approaches Using Big Data Methodology for Clinical Decision Support
Authors: Roham Mehrdad , R. Gabrielyan Anait , Archer Norm
Published: December 2019

This chapter reports on results from a systematic review of peer-reviewed studies related to big data knowledge visualization for clinical decision support (CDS). The aims were to identify and synthesize sources of big data in knowledge visualization, identify visualization interactivity approaches for CDS, and summarize outcomes. Searches were conducted via PubMed, Embase, Ebscohost, CINAHL, Medline, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore in April 2019, using search terms representing concepts of: big data, knowledge visualization, and clinical decision support. A Google Scholar gray literature search was also conducted. All references were screened for eligibility. Our review returned 3252 references, with 17 studies remaining after screening. Data were extracted and coded from these studies and analyzed using a PICOS framework. The most common audience intended for the studies was healthcare providers (n = 16); the most common source of big data was electronic health records (EHRs) (n = 12), followed by microbiology/pathology laboratory data (n = 8). The most common intervention type was some form of analysis platform/tool (n = 7). We identified and classified studies by visualization type, user intent, big data platforms and tools used, big data analytics methods, and outcomes from big data knowledge visualization of CDS applications.
Dermatologic Toxicities and Biological Activities of Chromium
Authors: Jumina Jumina , Harizal Harizal
Published: December 2019

Chromium is a versatile metal with various industrial applications and biological activities. However, as a transition metal, this element forms several species, i.e. oxidation states of −4 to +6, with different degrees of toxicities that affect ecosystems and organisms including human beings. The skin is the outermost organ that usually interacts directly with chromium species in nature. These contact and interaction induce the formation of several acute and chronic negative effects including contact dermatitis, skin cancer, allergy, etc. In this chapter, toxicity and biological activity of several chromium species, such as chromium zero-valent, trivalent, hexavalent, will be reviewed to obtain better comprehension in chromium toxicity. Sources and routes of exposure, toxicity and possible treatment, and biological activity on the skin are arranged and explained systematically.
Late Paleozoic rock deformation of the Kurai block: structural‐kinematic analysis (upper Kuraika river, Gorny Altai, Russia)
Authors: Abildaeva M. A. , Zinoviev S. V. , Buslov M. M.
Published: December 2019

In the Kurai ridge located in the southeastern Gorny Altai (Altai Mountains, Russia) metamorphic rocks of the Kurai complex are widely developed: granite‐gneisses, crystalline schists and amphibolites, including widespread Early Carboniferous mylonites and blastomylonites. Oriented samples of blastomylonites were taken from the upper reaches of the Kuraika river for the microstructural study aimed to determine the kinematics of movements. The analyses of thin cut samples show structural‐kinematic indicators that suggest two deformation events (left‐lateral shearing, then right‐lateral shearing).
Using the Active Faults of Eurasia Database for solving tectonic problems
Authors: Bachmanov D. M. , Zelenin E. A. , Kozhurin A. I. , Trifonov V. G.
Published: December 2019

The article describes principles, methods and tasks of tectonic studies using computer processing of the Active Faults of Eurasia Database. This new database contains more than 30000 objects that are geographically linked, equipped with attributes of the kinematic type, estimated movement rates and activity confidence ranks. As an exam‐ ple, we consider processing of the data on several tectonic regions of the Alpine‐Himalayan mobile belt and construction of rose‐diagrams of faults for a comparative analysis of their Late Cenozoic kinematics. The processed data set also covered the Caucasus‐Anatolian region and the entire central part of the mobile belt, and fields of shortening/lengthening and shearing were mapped to assess the patterns of these processes in different areas and to determine the characteristics of the tectonic flow of the upper crust material. Prospects are discussed for the database processing with the use of all the available attributive information for structural‐kinematic and geodynamic analysis, including processing of the database in combination with independent remote and geophysical data.
Correlation of the state of crustal stresses, seismicity and landslide activity (Fergana basin, Tien Shan)
Authors: Kalmet’eva Z. A. , Moldobekov B. D. , Abdybachaev U. A.
Published: December 2019

The impacts of seismicity on the landslide activity in Kyrgyzstan have been in the focus of our study since 2010 [Kalmetyeva et al., 2010]. As the study progressed [Kalmetyeva, Moldobekov, 2012, 2013; Kalmetyeva et al., 2013, 2014], the initial problem statement has been revised as follows: do earthquake influence the occurrence of land‐ slides, and, if so, what is the mechanism of this influence. This paper presents the results of detailed analysis of the distribution of earthquakes and landslides in space and time in correlation with focal mechanisms (azimuth and plunge of the principal compression stress axis) of earthquakes occurred in the Fergana basin and its mountainous frame. These are grounds to conclude that the landslide activity is mainly influenced by the response of the internal structure of the upper crust to local stresses. The mechanism of influence of strong earthquakes on the landslide activity is redistribution of local stresses, which results from partial release of regional stresses due to rupturing in the source zones of strong earthquakes. Using this concept of the landslide activity, a methodology of landslide‐hazard mapping is the goal of our future studies aimed at the following: (1) zoning of the study area with respect to the features of the internal structure of the upper crust, (2) geological, geophysical and seismological studies of the state of stresses in the study area, (3) instrumental monitoring of landslides movements in the zones that differ in the structure of the upper crust, and (4) analysis of preparation and consequences of past strong earthquakes that took place in the study area in comparison with the landslide activity.
Geodynamic and hydrodynamic conditions of the Urna and Ust‐Tegus oil fields
Authors: Kurchikov A. R. , Plavnik A. G. , Kurchikov D. A.
Published: December 2019

This paper discusses the productive beds of the Urna and Ust‐Tegus oil fields (West Siberia, Russian) and permeability and capacity properties that are influenced by geodynamic processes. Strong tectonic processes, accompanied by periodic magma intrusions, produced numerous fractures and faults in the Jurassic sediments, which act as conduits for groundwater flows, and thus led to the hydrothermal alteration of rocks and changes in the pore space. The data presented in the paper testify to the manifestation of these processes in the modern hydrogeochemical and geothermal conditions of the Jurassic‐Cretaceous sediments within the two oil fields and their vicinity. The petrophysical studies of the core samples and the hydrodynamic studies in the wells confirm that the reservoir properties of the productive strata are considerably heterogeneous. Despite the significant effect of the geodynamic factors, the analysis of the tracer data has not revealed any apparent spatial consistency of the presence (or absence) of a hydrodynamic connection between the wells and the locations of fractured and dynamically stressed zones. In our study, we have proposed and tested a method based on the analysis of morphotectonic features detectable in the depth maps of reference surfaces. This method is a useful additional tool for discovering and analyzing the relationships between the tectonic and hydrodynamic conditions of oil and gas fields.
Spatial typification of river basin geosystems in the Kama river catchment area in relation to the regional tectonic structures
Authors: Trifonova T. A. , Shutov P. S.
Published: December 2019

This study was aimed to reveal relationships between the formation of the structures of river systems and to discover the tectonic structural features of the territory. We analyzed the morphometric parameters of river catchment areas of various orders, which comprise the Kama river basin. A digital terrain model in ESRI ArcGis 10.4 geoinformation system was used. Within the identified river basin geosystems, quantitative morphometric characteristics of the terrain were calculated for comparative analysis. Multidimensional statistical analysis methods were used to group the basins with respect to their sets of geometric and morphometric characteristics. A spatial typification technique was developed to distinguish the basin geosystems by their morphometric indicators. This study pioneered in using the results of cluster analysis for identification of seven groups of basins, which reflect the spatial heterogeneity of the ancient tectonic elements and the geomorphological conditions within the entire territory of the Kama river basin. It is established that the types of the river basin geosystems with characteristic morphometric features are related to various ancient tectonic structures, which suggests a genetic relationship of endogenous processes of river channel fracturing and the diversity of geometric parameters of different river basins.
Formación de los sistemas educativos nacionales en Hispanoamérica. El caso ecuatoriano, 1895-1912.
Authors: Alvarez Gallego Alejandro
Published: December 2019

Reseña del libro: Gabriela Ossenbach Sauter. Formación de los sistemas educativos nacionales en Hispanoamérica. El caso ecuatoriano, 1895-1912. (Quito:Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Corporación Editorial Nacional, 2018)
Huellas del COREM y la TSD en el desarrollo de la didáctica de la matemática en España y Argentina
Authors: Orús Báguena Pilar , Fregona Dilma
Published: December 2019

En este trabajo intentamos mostrar aspectos del nacimiento y desarrollo de la didáctica de la matemática en Francia iniciada por uno de sus pioneros, Guy Brousseau, y la influencia de ese desarrollo en parte de las comunidades de España y Argentina. Una primera sección trata el nacimiento y desarrollo de la teoría de situaciones didácticas (TSD) a comienzos de la década de los setenta. Una institución creada en esa época, el Centre d’Observation et de Recherche pour l’Enseignement des Mathématiques (COREM) cumplió un papel clave para confrontar en la práctica de enseñanza de una escuela pública, los desarrollos teóricos que investigadores formados y en formación desarrollaron durante más de 25 años. La segunda sección muestra aspectos institucionales de ese Centro, la trama entre sus actores y los recursos producidos. Una tercera sección está destinada a una breve historia del desarrollo del campo de investigación en España y Argentina, nuestros países de origen. Por el apoyo recibido de los respectivos estados, e incluso de Francia, pudimos acceder a la formación de posgrado en el ámbito de la Universidad de Bordeaux. Finalmente, la creación en 2010 de un Centro de Recursos en  Castellón, España, donde se albergan documentos producidos en el COREM nos estimula a estudiar e invitar a otros colegas a profundizar esa tarea. Mostramos un ejemplo de un trabajo conjunto que estamos haciendo en los últimos años.
BRÆJKING NEWS: En eksperimentel undersøgelse af fejlobservante læseres holdninger til ukorrekte og korrekte stavemåder opfattet som stavefejl i nyhedsrubrikker på nettet
Authors: Blom Jonas Nygaard , Ejstrup Michael
Published: December 2019

Sprogbrugere er ofte intolerante over for stavemåder, de mener er ukorrekte, og de nedvurderer både tekster, der indeholder disse stavemåder, og de skribenter, der bruger dem. Dette gælder også – og måske i særlig grad – hvis teksterne er nyhedsartikler og skribenterne er journalister. I denne artikel præsenterer vi resultaterne fra et onlineeksperiment, der har været gennemført i 2018 (N = 1.502). I eksperimentet har en gruppe fejlobservante deltagere læst en række manipulerede nyhedsrubrikker, som de har rettet stavemåder i og derefter angivet deres holdninger til. Resultaterne viser, at deltagerne især er intolerante over for elementære stavefejl, der er fremhævet i den præskriptive litteratur og normative debat som tilbagevendende og typiske fejl. Langt størstedelen af deltagerne og især de kompetente fejlfindere og stavere finder fejlene irriterende. Til gengæld opfattes fejlene ikke som meningsforstyrrende af særlig mange, med slåfejl som en undtagelse. Et af undersøgelsens mere bemærkelsesværdige resultater er, at mange af deltagerne ikke blot er intolerante over for stavefejl, men også over for korrekte, vanskelige stavemåder. Journalister risikerer dermed, at fejlobservante læsere synes, det er både irriterende og komisk, når de staver korrekt.
L’aide associative au pluriel.
Authors: Meigniez Maëlle
Published: December 2019

Les spécificités de l’aide associative et son imbrication partielle avec les dispositifs étatiques dans le contexte suisse romand supposent une mise en oeuvre conjointe des politiques sociales, alliant complémentarités et tensions. À partir d’une ethnographie d’une association d’aide, cet article interroge la pluralité de l’aide et les enjeux de responsabilité qui y sont sous-jacents, allant de l’aide d’urgence inconditionnelle à l’insertion professionnelle, en faisant cohabiter des logiques d’action diverses. L’analyse de différents dispositifs, en intervention sociale individuelle et collective, montre comment les enjeux de responsabilisation et d’autonomisation des bénéficiaires se manifestent dans la pratique même d’un travail social de proximité.
Un programme novateur en ligne conçu pour les couples de familles recomposées
Authors: Parent Claudine , Robitaille Caroline , Saint-Jacques Marie-Christine , Gosselin Julie , Avril Anne , Noël Julie , Rouillier Anne-Marie , Beaudry Madeleine , Boisvert Jean-Marie , Lagouarde Laurence , Lévesque Sylvie , Godbout Élisabeth
Published: December 2019

Cet article1 présente l’ensemble de la démarche qui a donné lieu à la mise en ligne d’un programme éducatif visant l’enrichissement des relations conjugales et familiales des adultes qui vivent une recomposition familiale. Des recensions des écrits portant à la fois sur les défis vécus par les couples-parents de familles recomposées et les programmes de prévention offerts à cette population ont été réalisées. Les conclusions tirées de ces recensions constituent les fondements du programme d’éducation en ligne La famille recomposée : une équipe à bâtir qui est brièvement décrit dans cet article.
La Grande Noirceur vue par elle-même
Authors: Beauchemin Jacques
Published: December 2019

Nous avons l’habitude de rapporter la notion de Grande Noirceur et surtout sa critique à l’ébullition des années 1960. On assiste alors au procès d’une époque apparemment honteuse dont la Révolution tranquille n’aura cessé de dénoncer les attardements traditionalistes et conservateurs. Entre les ténèbres duplessistes et les lumières de la soi-disant « modernité » qu’aurait engendrée la Révolution tranquille, ce sont deux époques fortement contrastées que nous propose habituellement l’historiographie. Il n’en demeure pas moins que le procès en question s’était institué de l’intérieur même de la dite Grande Noirceur et que les manquements que lui imputeront les années 1960 étaient déjà largement connus au cours de la décennie précédente. Nous voudrons montrer que la critique de la Grande Noirceur s’est déployée en trois temps, chacun sous une thématique dominante. C’est dans Cité libre notamment, mais en d’autres lieux également, que se dessine la première critique. Elle préfigure celle de la Révolution tranquille elle-même, tout en étant plus sévère à certains égards. Le moment fort de cette critique se situe toutefois à la charnière de ces deux mondes au moment où le conservatisme canadien-français n’a pas encore rendu les armes et que pointent les premières clartés de la Révolution tranquille.
La Grande Noirceur encore et toujours
Authors: Bourque Gilles
Published: December 2019

Près de soixante années après l’avènement de la Révolution tranquille, la notion de Grande Noirceur continue de hanter la mémoire du duplessisme. Ce texte examine d’abord les différentes approches que des essayistes, des historiens et des sociologues ont implicitement ou explicitement mises en oeuvre dans leurs travaux ou leurs réflexions sur la notion de Grande Noirceur. On peut, à ce propos, distinguer trois postures fort différentes. Les deux premières, la réitération et la rectification, prennent en quelque sorte la notion au pied de la lettre et cherchent soit à en réaffirmer la validité, soit, tout au contraire, à la contester en montrant sa fausseté. La troisième approche, celle de l’objectivation, consiste à construire la notion de Grande Noirceur en s’inspirant des règles de la méthode dans le domaine des sciences sociales. Dans une telle perspective, l’auteur proposera de déplacer le regard vers les années 1960 et 1970 et de considérer l’idée de Grande Noirceur comme l’une des notions centrales du discours providentialiste québécois. Ce discours s’organise, en effet, à partir de deux notions antithétiques, celles de Grande Noirceur et de Révolution tranquille, dont il est impossible de faire la synthèse. À partir de là, le discours providentialiste se déploie en deux chaînes de significations parfaitement étrangères l’une à l’autre. L’article se termine par un bref retour sur le duplessisme.
Sobrevivir a la incertidumbre: Biodiversidad, adaptación y fluctuación ambiental en rotíferos
Authors: Serra Manuel , Carmona María José , García-Roger Eduardo Moisés , Ortells Raquel
Published: December 2019

El estudio de la evolución frente a la incertidumbre ambiental es crucial para entender la diversidad biológica, ya que diversificar las estrategias de vida es clave para sobrevivir y reproducirse en un ambiente incierto. Los rotíferos son microinvertebrados planctónicos que habitan masas de agua continentales. Su ciclo vital complejo, que combina la reproducción sexual y la asexual, junto con un pequeño tamaño y tiempos de generación cortos, los convierte en excelentes organismos modelo en estudios de ecología evolutiva. Aquí presentamos estudios poblacionales de campo y de evolución experimental en el laboratorio donde mostramos cómo estos organismos son capaces de adaptarse localmente diversificando su ciclo vital frente a fluctuaciones impredecibles en su ambiente.
El futur de la biodiversitat a la Terra: La importància de preservar la diversitat filogenètica i funcional del planeta
Authors: Sol Daniel
Published: December 2019

L’extraordinària biodiversitat de la Terra es troba actualment amenaçada per activitats humanes, com la destrucció dels hàbitats naturals, el canvi climàtic, les espècies invasores i la sobreexplotació. Cada vegada més, els ecòlegs reconeixen que preservar el màxim nombre d’espècies no és suficient. Si volem preservar ecosistemes funcionals per al futur i continuar gaudint dels serveis que ens ofereixen, també cal protegir la diversitat filogenètica i la funcional. Però per fer-ho no n’hi ha prou a delimitar espais protegits, també cal que aprenguem a compaginar l’explotació dels recursos amb la preservació dels elements clau de la biodiversitat que garanteixen l’estabilitat i funcionament dels ecosistemes.
Restos de nuestros primeros pasos: Una visión evolutiva del síndrome supracondiloideo
Authors: Figueirido Borja
Published: December 2019

En este trabajo se ofrece una perspectiva evolutiva del síndrome supracondiloideo, neuropatía compresiva del nervio mediano y/o la arteria braquial de la extremidad anterior que afecta a un porcentaje variable de los individuos adultos de la población humana. Se propone que dicha neuropatía representaría un atavismo del foramen entepicondilar de los mamíferos, revisando la bibliografía más relevante sobre el tema. Se identifica el origen del foramen en los primeros tetrápodos, proponiendo que su función original estaría posiblemente ligada a la innovación evolutiva del plexo braquial cervical. Asimismo, se investiga la subsiguiente evolución del foramen entepicondilar en los amniotas y se discute, en base a la aleatoriedad de su aparición y a la pérdida de funciones originales, la posibilidad de su naturaleza vestigial.
Market Analysis and Affirmation Factors of the Northern Sea Route
Authors: Poletan Jugović Tanja , Žgaljić Dražen , Balić Katarina
Published: December 2019

Maritime transport routes, or corridors, imply specific courses of movement for people and goods (freight) on maritime routes and bring multiple benefits to the area through which they pass. The action and influence frame of a single route in the international transport flow is defined by an increasingly pronounced international competition at the regional and/or global transport market. Considering that the competitiveness of a transport route represents the fundamental factor of its valorization in the transport services market, the question of what defines and conditions the competitiveness mentioned above should be considered. This paper analyzes the competitiveness of the Northern Sea Route as a shorter maritime route between Asia and Europe. Under the new climate conditions in which, over the past few years in September, the Northern Sea Route course is completely ice-free, the indicated route represents a sort of competition to the alternative route through the Suez Canal. Taking into account that the competitiveness of a transport route is conditioned by market determination as well as by the quantity of freight flow through the transport route, the main research aim of this paper is to analyze the current and potential transport supply and demand as well as the Northern Sea Route's competitive environment in order to assess, in this regard its valorization and affirmation possibilities.
¡Se acerca el décimo aniversario de Mosaic!
Authors: Córcoles César , Codorniu Helena
Published: December 2019

Y como cumplir 10 años nos hace muchísima ilusión, ¡habrá regalos para todos! Con la celebración estrenaremos logo del natalicio, aplicación para poder consultar Mosaic desde tu móvil, mejoraremos el buscador y os invitaremos a participar en un concurso muy original. Aprovechamos este avance para ofreceros una cata de la entrevista a Mitchell Baker del próximo número.
Artículos sobre HTML5
Authors: Sucan Mihai
Published: December 2019

Si hay un tema que ha despertado la expectación de público y profesionales a lo largo del último año en el mundo del diseño y desarrollo web, ese es el de HTML5. Aprovechamos la sección Recursos de este mes para incorporar a Mosaic, junto al ya existente currículum de estándares web de Opera, cinco artículos más sobre este tema.
Bruce Lawson
Authors: Córcoles César
Published: December 2019

En este número dedicado al HTML5 no podía faltar la aportación de Bruce Lawson, miembro destacado de la comunidad de expertos en diseño y desarrollo web. Lawson, entrevistado por César Córcoles, nos habla de accesibilidad, del proceso de escritura de los estándares y de muchos otros temas de interés.
Journalism in the Age of Data
Authors: McGhee Geoff
Published: December 2019

La visualización de la información se está convirtiendo paulatinamente en el nuevo campo de actuación del periodismo. En un mundo en el que se generan cada día millones y millones de datos, cada vez es más necesario que existan periodistas capaces de hacerlos inteligibles. Geoff McGhee, periodista online, da cuenta de ello en su reportaje 'Journalism in the Age of Data' (2010).
Konut Fiyatını Belirleyen Regresyon Denklemi: Maltepe İlçesi Örneği
Authors: CORUM Adnan
Published: December 2019

Gayrimenkul değerlemesi yapılırken, konumsal ve
fiziksel birtakım faktörlerin varlığı göz önünde bulundurulmaktadır. Özellikle
konut fiyatlarına etkidiği düşünen etmenlerin birçok çeşitliliğe sahip olması,
konutun heterojen özelliğe sahip bir mal olduğunu göstermektedir. Ulaşım
altyapı yatırımlarının, gayrimenkul değerine artı bir değer katacağı düşünülür.
Buradan hareketle Kadıköy-Pendik metrosunun çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi
ile Maltepe ilçesi konut fiyatlarına olan etkisi incelenmiştir. Çıkan sonuçta
ulaşım altyapı yatırımlarının ve buna bağlı olarak ulaşım hizmetine olan
uzaklığın, seçilen bölgeler için konut fiyatları üzerinde etkisi olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte konut fiyatlarına, metro istasyonlarına olan
uzaklıklarından daha etkili başka faktörlerin varlığı tespit edilmiştir.
Rod nuclear architecture determines contrast transmission of the retina and behavioral sensitivity in mice
Authors: Subramanian Kaushikaram , Weigert Martin , Borsch Oliver , Petzold Heike , Garcia-Ulloa Alfonso , Myers Eugene W , Ader Marius , Solovei Irina , Kreysing Moritz
Published: December 2019

Rod photoreceptors of nocturnal mammals display a striking inversion of nuclear architecture, which has been proposed as an evolutionary adaptation to dark environments. However, the nature of visual benefits and the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. It is widely assumed that improvements in nocturnal vision would depend on maximization of photon capture at the expense of image detail. Here, we show that retinal optical quality improves 2-fold during terminal development, and that this enhancement is caused by nuclear inversion. We further demonstrate that improved retinal contrast transmission, rather than photon-budget or resolution, enhances scotopic contrast sensitivity by 18–27%, and improves motion detection capabilities up to 10-fold in dim environments. Our findings therefore add functional significance to a prominent exception of nuclear organization and establish retinal contrast transmission as a decisive determinant of mammalian visual perception.
Agonist-specific voltage-dependent gating of lysosomal two-pore Na+ channels
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli , Chen Wei , Li Ping , Calvo Raul , Southall Noel , Hu Xin , Bryant-Genevier Melanie , Feng Xinghua , Geng Qi , Gao Chenlang , Yang Meimei , Tang Kaiyuan , Ferrer Marc , Marugan Juan Jose , Xu Haoxing
Published: December 2019

Mammalian two-pore-channels (TPC1, 2; TPCN1, TPCN2) are ubiquitously- expressed, PI(3,5)P2-activated, Na+-selective channels in the endosomes and lysosomes that regulate luminal pH homeostasis, membrane trafficking, and Ebola viral infection. Whereas the channel activity of TPC1 is strongly dependent on membrane voltage, TPC2 lacks such voltage dependence despite the presence of the presumed ‘S4 voltage-sensing’ domains. By performing high-throughput screening followed by lysosomal electrophysiology, here we identified a class of tricyclic anti-depressants (TCAs) as small-molecule agonists of TPC channels. TCAs activate both TPC1 and TPC2 in a voltage-dependent manner, referred to as Lysosomal Na+ channel Voltage-dependent Activators (LyNa-VAs). We also identified another compound which, like PI(3,5)P2, activates TPC2 independent of voltage, suggesting the existence of agonist-specific gating mechanisms. Our identification of small-molecule TPC agonists should facilitate the studies of the cell biological roles of TPCs and can also readily explain the reported effects of TCAs in the modulation of autophagy and lysosomal functions.