bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Concise Overview of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Clinical Aspects of Persian Cumin; Bunium persicum (Boiss.) B.Fedtsch.
Authors: Mehrabadi Mahkameh Moradi , Zarshenas Mohammad M.
Published: July 2020

Bunium persicum is one of the most medically and economically important species of the Apiaceae family. Despite a variety of phytochemical and experimental research on this species, there is no considerable update on all related outcomes. Accordingly, current work compiles an overview of Cumin’s phytochemical and pharmacological activities. Papers related to phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical properties of B. persicum were filtered from databases as PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus with the term "Bunium persicum" till 15th May 2020. Genetic, pure pharmaceutical and agriculture papers were excluded. Moreover, traditional applications of this herb in Persian medicine were studied and included. In all, 54 papers reporting the compositions, Anticonvulsant, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-glycation, antidiarrhea, anti-hematotoxic, anti-toxoplasmosis, hypoglycemic, larvicidal, scolicidal, anticholinergic and antihistaminic activities of B. persicum as well as reducing and stabilizing effects in nanoparticles. Three clinical trials have also been conducted on B. persicum. There are also numerous effects, cited in traditional manuscripts such as gastroprotective, kidney tonic, slimming activity and antidote for poisons. The most dominant chemical composition of Cumin is the essential oil, responsible for various potent antimicrobial and antifungal activities. The herb also contains phenolic and flavonoid compounds that reflect the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Many of the experimental and pharmacological studies on B. persicum have traces in traditional manuscripts. There are also medical aspects that have not yet been evaluated. Despite various experimental investigations, lack of extensive clinical studies, which is currently limited to few trials on remarked activities of B. persicum is still remained to be covered.
The Interaction of Isoflavone Phytoestrogens with ERα and ERβ by Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Wang Ting , Liu Yaquan , Zhuang Xuming , Luan Feng , Zhao Chunyan
Published: July 2020

Aim and Objective:

Isoflavone phytoestrogens, commonly present in natural plants, are
closely related to human health. The combination of them with estrogen receptors in the body can
play an important role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and menopausal
diseases. This research is conducted for the wider application of isoflavone phytoestrogens
in various fields.

Methods:

In this study, molecular docking studies and molecular dynamics simulations were performed
to explore the affinities and interaction between three typical isoflavone phytoestrogens and
estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), respectively.

Results:

Molecular docking results showed that the affinity of genistein, daidzein, and formononetin
was different, and the ligand structures and hydrogen bonds force were the main factors affecting
the binding abilities.

Conclusion:

The calculation of the binding free energy shows the stability of the complex and the
contribution of various interactions to the binding free energy. The decomposition of binding free
energy indicates that van der Waals interaction and electrostatic interaction promote the binding of
the complex, which are in agreement with the docking studies.
Anticancer Potential of Aguerin B, a Sesquiterpene Lactone Isolated from Centaurea behen in Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Amini Elaheh , Nabiuni Mohammad , Behzad Seyed Bahram , Seyfi Danial , Eisvand Farhad , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Shakeri Abolfazl
Published: July 2020

Background:

Breast carcinoma is a malignant disease that represents the most common
non-skin malignancy and a chief reason of cancer death in women. Large interest is growing in the
use of natural products for cancer treatment, especially with goal of suppression angiogenesis, tumor
cell growth, motility, as well as invasion and metastasis with low/no toxicity. It is evident
from recent patents on the anticancer properties of sesquiterpene lactones such as parthenolide.

Objective:

In this study, using MDA-MB-231 cells of a human breast adenocarcinoma, the effects
of aguerin B, as a natural sesquiterpene lactone, has been evaluated, in terms of the expression of
metastatic-related genes (Pak-1, Rac-1 and HIF-1α).

Methods:

Cytotoxicity of aguerin B was tested toward MDA-MB-231 breast tumor cells using
MTT. Scratch assay was accomplished to evaluate the tumor cell invasion. To understand the underlying
molecular basis, the mRNA expressions were evaluated by real time PCR.

Results:

It was found that aguerin B significantly inhibited human breast cancer cell growth in
vitro (IC50 = 2μg/mL) and this effect was accompanied with a persuasive suppression on metastasis.
Our results showed that aguerin B in IC50 concentration down-regulated Rac-1, Pak-1, Hif-1α
and Zeb-1 transcriptional levels.

Conclusion:

Taken together, this study demonstrated that aguerin B possessed potential anti-metastatic
effect, suggesting that it may consider as a potential multi target bio compound for treatment
of breast metastatic carcinoma.
Preparation & Assessment of Poly-Herbal Anti-Dandruff Formulation
Authors: Pal Rashmi S. , Saraswat Nikita , Wal Pranay , Wal Ankita , Pal Yogendra
Published: July 2020

Background:

Dandruff is a major problem of hair, which cannot be fully cured with the aid of chemicals. An attempt has been made to prepare a poly-herbal anti-dandruff hair care formulation and it is standardized to ensure its stability and quality aspects.

Objective:

The present work is oriented at the synthesis of herbal anti-dandruff hair formulation and the estimation of its various aspects for its valuability.

Materials and Methods:

The herbal preparation was prepared in the laboratory, on the basis of decided proportion, with the help of all the herbal contents. The pack was gauged for its various parameters.

Results:

The results were concluded to be sufficiently ample for the assessment of herbal formulation. The findings of different aspects vindicated the worth of the formulation.

Conclusion:

Herbal hair formulation has been formulated and assessed using the various aspects. It serves as a good alternate, devoid of any side effects. The results can be unified while evolving the pharmacopoeial standards.
Architectural Space Alters the Expression of Gene that Regulate Physical and Emotional Stress
Authors: Zaino Ammar Ayman , Abbas Mohamed Yusoff
Published: July 2020

Newberg & Waldmans (2010) concluded their well-known scientific experiment, A single word has the power to influence the expression of genes that regulate physical and emotional stress. However, could architectural space also speaks? Or alter the expression of genes? This study aimed to investigate the relationship between architecture, brain and genes. The objectives were to test the influence of architecture over brain's electrical-activity, and subsequently develop, a theory of space and genes. The research methodology involved three phases. Firstly, an integrated approach for literature review. Secondly, an experimental approach. Finally, an integrative analysis. Findings showed a significant change of brain-electricity by change of environments. Thus, alteration in the expression of genes.
Prediction of Cardiac Arrest in the Emergency Department Based on Machine Learning and Sequential Characteristics: Model Development and Retrospective Clinical Validation Study
Authors: Hong Sungjun , Lee Sungjoo , Lee Jeonghoon , Cha Won Chul , Kim Kyunga
Published: July 2020

Background

The development and application of clinical prediction models using machine learning in clinical decision support systems is attracting increasing attention.

Objective

The aims of this study were to develop a prediction model for cardiac arrest in the emergency department (ED) using machine learning and sequential characteristics and to validate its clinical usefulness.

Methods

This retrospective study was conducted with ED patients at a tertiary academic hospital who suffered cardiac arrest. To resolve the class imbalance problem, sampling was performed using propensity score matching. The data set was chronologically allocated to a development cohort (years 2013 to 2016) and a validation cohort (year 2017). We trained three machine learning algorithms with repeated 10-fold cross-validation.

Results

The main performance parameters were the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and the area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC). The random forest algorithm (AUROC 0.97; AUPRC 0.86) outperformed the recurrent neural network (AUROC 0.95; AUPRC 0.82) and the logistic regression algorithm (AUROC 0.92; AUPRC=0.72). The performance of the model was maintained over time, with the AUROC remaining at least 80% across the monitored time points during the 24 hours before event occurrence.

Conclusions

We developed a prediction model of cardiac arrest in the ED using machine learning and sequential characteristics. The model was validated for clinical usefulness by chronological visualization focused on clinical usability.
Long-Term Opioid Therapy in Spine Center Outpatients: Protocol for the Spinal Pain Opioid Cohort (SPOC) Study
Authors: Manniche Claus , Stokholm Lonny , Ravn Sophie L , Andersen Tonny E , Brandt Lars PA , Rubin Katrine H , Schiøttz-Christensen Berit , Andersen Lars L , Skousgaard Søren G
Published: July 2020

Background

Spinal pain is the leading cause of patient-years lived with chronic pain and disability worldwide. Although opioids are well documented as an effective short-term pain-relieving medication, more than a few weeks of treatment may result in a diminishing clinical effect as well as the development of addictive behavior. Despite recognition of opioid addiction in pain patients as a major problem commonly experienced in the clinic, no reference material exists on the scope of long-term problems in novel opioid users and the link to clinical outcomes.

Objective

The main aims of this study are to describe baseline and follow-up characteristics of the Spinal Pain Opioid Cohort (SPOC), to evaluate the general use of opioids in spinal pain when an acute pain episode occurs, and to demonstrate the prevalence of long-term opioid therapy (LTOT).

Methods

Prospective clinical registry data were collected from an outpatient spine center setting during 2012-2013 including patients with a new spinal pain episode lasting for more than 2 months, aged between 18 and 65 years who had their first outpatient visit in the center. Variables include demographics, clinical data collected in SpineData, the Danish National Patient Register, and The Danish National Prescription Registry. The primary outcome parameter is long-term prescription opioid use registered from 4 years before the first spine center visit to 5 years after.

Results

This is an ongoing survey. It is estimated that more than 8000 patients fulfill the SPOC inclusion criteria. In 2019, we began the intellectual process of identifying the most relevant supplementary data available from the wide range of existing national registries available in Denmark. We have now begun merging SpineData with relevant opioid data from Danish national registers and will continue to extract data up to 2021-2022. We will also be looking at data regarding somatic or psychiatric hospitalization patterns, patient usage of health care resources, as well as their working status and disability pensions.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this survey will be the first to document the scope of long-term problems regarding LTOT and opioid addiction following new spinal pain episodes and comparing descriptive follow-up data between substance users and nonusers.

Trial Registration

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN69685117; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN69685117

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/21380
An Integrated Blueprint for Digital Mental Health Services Amidst COVID-19
Authors: Balcombe Luke , De Leo Diego
Published: July 2020

In-person traditional approaches to mental health care services are facing difficulties amidst the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis. The recent implementation of social distancing has redirected attention to nontraditional mental health care delivery to overcome hindrances to essential services. Telehealth has been established for several decades but has only been able to play a small role in health service delivery. Mobile and teledigital health solutions for mental health are well poised to respond to the upsurge in COVID-19 cases. Screening and tracking with real-time automation and machine learning are useful for both assisting psychological first-aid resources and targeting interventions. However, rigorous evaluation of these new opportunities is needed in terms of quality of interventions, effectiveness, and confidentiality. Service delivery could be broadened to include trained, unlicensed professionals, who may help health care services in delivering evidence-based strategies. Digital mental health services emerged during the pandemic as complementary ways of assisting community members with stress and transitioning to new ways of living and working. As part of a hybrid model of care, technologies (mobile and online platforms) require consolidated and consistent guidelines as well as consensus, expert, and position statements on the screening and tracking (with real-time automation and machine learning) of mental health in general populations as well as considerations and initiatives for underserved and vulnerable subpopulations.
Using Ambient Assisted Living to Monitor Older Adults With Alzheimer Disease: Single-Case Study to Validate the Monitoring Report (Preprint)
Authors: Lussier Maxime , Aboujaoudé Aline , Couture Mélanie , Moreau Maxim , Laliberté Catherine , Giroux Sylvain , Pigot Hélène , Gaboury Sébastien , Bouchard Kévin , Belchior Patricia , Bottari Carolina , Paré Guy , Consel Charles , Bier Nathalie
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Many older adults choose to live independently in their homes for as long as possible, despite psychosocial and medical conditions that compromise their independence in daily living and safety. Faced with unprecedented challenges in allocating resources, home care administrators are increasingly open to using monitoring technologies known as ambient assisted living (AAL) to better support care recipients. To be effective, these technologies should be able to report clinically relevant changes to support decision making at an individual level.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to examine the concurrent validity of AAL monitoring reports and information gathered by care professionals using triangulation.

METHODS

This longitudinal single-case study spans over 490 days of monitoring a 90-year-old woman with Alzheimer disease receiving support from local health care services. A clinical nurse in charge of her health and social care was interviewed 3 times during the project. Linear mixed models for repeated measures were used to analyze each daily activity (ie, sleep, outing activities, periods of low mobility, cooking-related activities, hygiene-related activities). Significant changes observed in data from monitoring reports were compared with information gathered by the care professional to explore concurrent validity.

RESULTS

Over time, the monitoring reports showed evolving trends in the care recipient’s daily activities. Significant activity changes occurred over time regarding sleep, outings, cooking, mobility, and hygiene-related activities. Although the nurse observed some trends, the monitoring reports highlighted information that the nurse had not yet identified. Most trends detected in the monitoring reports were consistent with the clinical information gathered by the nurse. In addition, the AAL system detected changes in daily trends following an intervention specific to meal preparation.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, trends identified by AAL monitoring are consistent with clinical reports. They help answer the nurse’s questions and help the nurse develop interventions to maintain the care recipient at home. These findings suggest the vast potential of AAL technologies to support health care services and aging in place by providing valid and clinically relevant information over time regarding activities of daily living. Such data are essential when other sources yield incomplete information for decision making.
A Deep Learning-enabled Electrocardiogram Model for the Identification of a Rare Inherited Arrhythmia: Brugada Syndrome (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Chih-Min , Liu Chien-Liang , Hu Kai-Wen , Tseng Vincent S. , Chang Shih-Lin , Lin Yenn-Jiang , Lo Li-Wei , Chung Fa-Po , Chao Tze-Fan , Tuan Ta-Chuan , Liao Jo-Nan , Lin Chin-Yu , Chang Ting-Yung , Fann Cathy Shen-Jang , Higa Satoshi , Yagi Nobumori , Hu Yu-Feng , Chen Shih-Ann
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Brugada syndrome is a rare inherited arrhythmia with a unique electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern (type 1 Brugada ECG pattern), which is a major cause of sudden cardiac death in young people. Automatic screening for the ECG pattern of Brugada syndrome by a deep learning model gives us the chance to identify these patients at an early time, thus allowing them to receive life-saving therapy.

OBJECTIVE

To develop a deep learning-enabled ECG model for diagnosing Brugada syndrome.

METHODS

A total of 276 ECGs with a type 1 Brugada ECG pattern (276 type 1 Brugada ECGs and another randomly retrieved 276 non-Brugada type ECGs for one to one allocation) were extracted from the hospital-based ECG database for a two-stage analysis with a deep learning model. We first trained the network to identify right bundle branch block (RBBB) pattern, and then, we transferred the first-stage learning to the second task to diagnose the type 1 Brugada ECG pattern. The diagnostic performance of the deep learning model was compared to that of board-certified practicing cardiologists. The model was also validated by the independent international data of ECGs.

RESULTS

The AUC (area under the curve) of the deep learning model in diagnosing the type 1 Brugada ECG pattern was 0.96 (sensitivity: 88.4%, specificity: 89.1%). The sensitivity and specificity of the cardiologists for the diagnosis of the type 1 Brugada ECG pattern were 62.7±17.8%, and 98.5±3.0%, respectively. The diagnoses by the deep learning model were highly consistent with the standard diagnoses (Kappa coefficient: 0.78, McNemar test, P = .86). However, the diagnoses by the cardiologists were significantly different from the standard diagnoses, with only moderate consistency (Kappa coefficient: 0.60, McNemar test, P = 2.35x10-22). For the international validation, the AUC of the deep learning model for diagnosing the type 1 Brugada ECG pattern was 0.99 (sensitivity: 85.7%, specificity: 100.0%).

CONCLUSIONS

We presented the first deep learning-enabled ECG model for diagnosing Brugada syndrome, which is a robust screening tool with better diagnostic sensitivity than that of cardiologists.

CLINICALTRIAL
Accuracy of Mobile Device–Compatible 3D Scanners for Facial Digitization: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Mai Hang-Nga , Lee Du-Hyeong
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

The accurate assessment and acquisition of facial anatomical information significantly contributes to enhancing the reliability of treatments in dental and medical fields, and has applications in fields such as craniomaxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, prosthodontics, orthopedics, and forensic medicine. Mobile device–compatible 3D facial scanners have been reported to be an effective tool for clinical use, but the accuracy of digital facial impressions obtained with the scanners has not been explored.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to review comparisons of the accuracy of mobile device–compatible face scanners for facial digitization with that of systems for professional 3D facial scanning.

METHODS

Individual search strategies were employed in PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library databases to search for articles published up to May 27, 2020. Peer-reviewed journal articles evaluating the accuracy of 3D facial models generated by mobile device–compatible face scanners were included. Cohen d effect size estimates and confidence intervals of standardized mean difference (SMD) data sets were used for meta-analysis.

RESULTS

By automatic database searching, 3942 articles were identified, of which 11 articles were considered eligible for narrative review, with 6 studies included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the accuracy of face models obtained using mobile device–compatible face scanners was significantly lower than that of face models obtained using professional 3D facial scanners (SMD 3.96 mm, 95% CI 2.81-5.10 mm; z=6.78; P<.001). The difference between face scanning when performed on inanimate facial models was significantly higher (SMD 10.53 mm, 95% CI 6.29-14.77 mm) than that when performed on living participants (SMD 2.58 mm, 95% CI 1.70-3.47 mm, P<.001, df=12.94).

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, mobile device–compatible face scanners did not perform as well as professional scanning systems in 3D facial acquisition, but the deviations were within the clinically acceptable range of <1.5 mm. Significant differences between results when 3D facial scans were performed on inanimate facial objects and when performed on the faces of living participants were found; thus, caution should be exercised when interpreting results from studies conducted on inanimate objects.
A Smart Technology-Assisted Home-Nursing Care Program for Family Caregivers of Older Persons with Dementia and Hip Fracture: A Mixed-Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Shyu Yea-Ing , Hou Yi-Jun , Zeng Sih-Ying , Lin Chung-Chih , Yang Ching-Tzu , Huang Huei-Ling , Chen Min-Chi , Tsai Hsiu-Hsin , Liang Jersey , Hsu Jung-Ling , Hsu Wen-Chuin
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Smart care and remote health technology have been developed to facilitate family caregiving at home for older persons with physical or cognitive impairment. However, smart technologies have made only modest contributions to supporting caregivers, and their effectiveness is supported by little empirical evidence.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this preliminary study was to understand family caregivers’ experiences of receiving a smart technology-assisted (STA) home-nursing care program to provide a knowledge base for future modifications.

METHODS

Participants included seven persons with dementia recruited from neurological clinics and six persons discharged after hip-fracture surgery from surgical wards of a medical center, along with their 13 family caregivers. Data were collected and analyzed using a mixed-methods approach.

RESULTS

Our STA home-nursing care program increased family caregivers’ knowledge of older care receivers’ situation and condition, informed health care providers about care receivers’ condition, helped home care nurses provide timely interventions, balanced care receivers’ exercise and safety, motivated older persons to exercise, helped family caregivers balance work and care-giving, and provided guidance for caregiving activities. Family caregivers suggested that the STA home-nursing care program be modified by prompt feedback with more specific information analyzing care-receiver activity, increased variety of wearable devices (smart clothing), and improving the stability of and decreasing interference with electronic transmission and devices.

CONCLUSIONS

The STA home-nursing care program was beneficial to family caregivers and their care receivers. However, we suggest that future studies use larger samples, randomized controlled trials, and longer follow-ups to explore how this STA home-nursing care program is experienced.

CLINICALTRIAL
eHealth and mHealth Psychosocial Interventions for Youths With Chronic Illnesses: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Lau Nancy , Waldbaum Shayna , Parigoris Ryan , O'Daffer Alison , Walsh Casey , Colt Susannah F , Yi-Frazier Joyce P , Palermo Tonya M , McCauley Elizabeth , Rosenberg Abby R
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

An estimated 12.8% of children and adolescents experience chronic health conditions that lead to poor quality of life, adjustment and coping issues, and concurrent mental health problems. Digital health deployment of psychosocial interventions to support youth with chronic illness has become increasingly popular with the advent of the technological advances in the digital age.

OBJECTIVE

Our objectives were to systematically review published efficacy studies of eHealth and mHealth (mobile health) psychosocial interventions for youths with chronic illnesses and review intervention theory and treatment components.

METHODS

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched for studies published from 2008 to 2019 of eHealth and mHealth psychosocial interventions designed for children and adolescents with chronic illnesses in which efficacy outcomes were reported. We excluded studies of interventions for caregivers, healthy youth, disease and medication management, and telehealth interventions that function solely as a platform to connect patients to providers via phone, text, or videoconference.

RESULTS

We screened 2551 articles and 133 relevant full-text articles. Sixteen efficacy studies with psychosocial and health outcomes representing 12 unique interventions met the inclusion criteria. Of the included studies, 12 were randomized controlled trials and 4 were prospective cohort studies with no comparison group. Most interventions were based in cognitive behavioral theory and designed as eHealth interventions; only 2 were designed as mHealth interventions. All but 2 interventions provided access to support staff via text, phone, email, or discussion forums. The significant heterogeneity in intervention content, intervention structure, medical diagnoses, and outcomes precluded meta-analysis. For example, measurement time points ranged from immediately postcompletion of the mHealth program to 18 months later, and we identified 39 unique outcomes of interest. The majority of included studies (11/16, 69%) reported significant changes in measured health and/or psychosocial posttreatment outcomes, with small to large effect sizes.

CONCLUSIONS

Although the available literature on the efficacy of eHealth and mHealth psychosocial interventions for youth with chronic illnesses is limited, preliminary research suggests some evidence of positive treatment responses. Future studies should continue to evaluate whether digital health platforms may be a viable alternative model of delivery to traditional face-to-face approaches.
Predicting Health Disparities in Regions at Risk of Severe Illness to Inform Health Care Resource Allocation During Pandemics: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Fusillo Tara
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Pandemics including COVID-19 have disproportionately affected socioeconomically vulnerable populations.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective was to create a repeatable modeling process to identify regional population centers with pandemic vulnerability.

METHODS

Using readily available COVID-19 and socioeconomic variable data sets, we used stepwise linear regression techniques to build predictive models during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic. The models were validated later in the pandemic timeline using actual COVID-19 mortality rates in high population density states. The mean sample size was 43 and ranged from 8 (Connecticut) to 82 (Michigan).

RESULTS

The New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Louisiana, Michigan, and Pennsylvania models provided the strongest predictions of top counties in densely populated states with a high likelihood of disproportionate COVID-19 mortality rates. For all of these models, P values were less than .05.

CONCLUSIONS

The models have been shared with the Department of Health Commissioners of each of these states with strong model predictions as input into a much needed “pandemic playbook” for local health care agencies in allocating medical testing and treatment resources. We have also confirmed the utility of our models with pharmaceutical companies for use in decisions pertaining to vaccine trial and distribution locations.
Exploring meaningful change and the types of goals progressed by young people in an online counselling setting: An Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Jacob Jenna , Costa da Silva Luís , Sefi Aaron , Edbrooke-Childs Julian
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Background: Youths are increasingly looking towards the internet for mental health support. There has been little research on the impact of online counselling, as captured in Routine Outcome Measures.

OBJECTIVE

This research aims to explore an online counselling service, using the first application of the meaningful change calculation; to consider how this links to service use; and to explore the associations between goal type and goal outcome.

METHODS

A routinely collected dataset obtained from an online youth counselling and support service was analysed (n=4218). ‘Meaningful change’ was calculated to determine change over time, consisting of the application of the reliable change index to goal-based outcome data. A series of t-tests were conducted to explore associations with those who had meaningfully improved and their contact with the service. Logistic regression explored the association between goal type and meaningful change.

RESULTS

Results: 55.6% of youths reported meaningful goal improvement. Those who meaningfully improved spent significantly more time engaged than those who did not. Goal types most likely to meaningfully improve were ‘getting professional help’ and ‘self-help–self-care’.

CONCLUSIONS

Most young people made significant movement towards their collaboratively-agreed goals, which is a good indication that the service is helping to address important areas of change. The findings, linked to earlier research, may indicate that those who report improvements in goals may engage with services more. The high proportion of ‘getting help’ goals may be attributable to the online setting, which young people may use as a first point of contact for help seeking, to gather information to access further support. With the increased uptake of online support services associated with the current global pandemic, future research should consider the present findings as a baseline of goal progress and service utilization.
Well-being is protective for eye pain: Web-based analysis during COVID-19 pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Kawashima Motoko , Yamanishi Ryutaro , Uchino Miki , Ooe Emi , Tsubota Kazuo
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

The close association between psychological discomfort, poor coping mechanisms, and chronic eye pain has been reported. Mindfulness based intervention is a notable approach for pain with introspection. A healthy mind is important for coping with pain, however the relationship between pain and a healthy mind remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE

We therefore, investigated the risk factors for eye pain focusing on personal life style, and analyzed the changes in eye pain during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.

METHODS

A web-based analysis for eye pain was conducted. Age (20 to 69 years), sex, and the presence of dry eye disease (DED) were the criteria used to match a total of 1040 participants (men, 520; women, 520) who were included in the study. The prevalence of DED was 50% in both sexes. We investigated the risk factors for eye pain, and factors for the change in severity of eye pain during the COVID-19 pandemic as well. The participants answered a survey and provided information for the analyses including: demographics, history of eye disease, neuropathic ocular pain symptoms, happiness score, healthiness, life confidence, life satisfaction, interest in healthy eating, custom of eating breakfast; and change of eye pain, lifestyle habits, and happiness degree during the COVID-19 self-restraint period.

RESULTS

Four hundred ninety-four participants (47.5%) were having eye pain, and 546 participants (52.5%) were not. The multivariate analysis showed age (OR = 1.02; 95% CI = 1.01–1.03), DED (OR = 4.65; 95% CI = 3.48–6.22), and neuropathic ocular pain components (OR=3.53; 95% CI = 2.63–4.75) were risk factors, and high health status (OR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.57–1.01) were protective for eye pain. Happiness score (OR = 7.96; 95% CI = 2.55–24.87), and improving life happiness during the COVID-19 pandemic self-restraint period, (OR=6.22; 95% CI = 2.02–19.09) were significant factors for improving eye pain during COVID-19 self-restraint period.

CONCLUSIONS

Possessing well-being is a lifestyle habit that is protective against eye pain. Having better lifestyle habits during the COVID-19 self-restraint period also improved eye pain. Regardless of this unprecedented situation, well-being is protective against eye pain.

CLINICALTRIAL

NA
A Pragmatic Study of Requests by Males and Females in Online Religious Forums
Authors: Shboul Othman Khalid Al
Published: July 2020

The current study investigates the request strategies used by males and females in online religious forums. It aims to explore request types realized by linguistic formulas used by males and females when they make requests in computer-mediated communication. The study offers pragmatic and sociolinguistic explanations for these differences. It also discusses the functions of these requestive forms such as asking for more clarifications or to request the addressee to answer a question directly. This study found that there are seven strategies used by the participants to make their requests. Most of which are shared by males and females. The study applied Chi-square test to show whether or not the differences in the use of each type of requests between the two groups (males and females) are statistically significant.
ЦИФРОВАЯ ОБРАБОТКА И АНАЛИЗ ЭЛЕКТРОСЕЙСМОКАРДИОСИГНАЛОВ
Authors: Ачильдиев В.М. , Евсеева Ю.Н. , Бедро Н.А. , Солдатенков В.А. , Грузевич Ю.К. , Комарова М.Н. , Левкович А.Д. , Успенский В.М.
Published: July 2020

В статье описаны параметры и вариабельность кардиосигналов, измеренных с помощью MEMS-гироскопов и акселерометров, особенности обработки и анализа в качестве входных данных для неинвазивной диагностики заболеваний человека.

The paper considers an electroseismocardiography system that allows simultaneously registering electrocardiography and seismocardiography signals. The algorithm of the electroseismocardiography system operation has been developed. Experiments and analysis of the obtained results have been carried out.
ДАТЧИК ДАВЛЕНИЯ НА ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ АКУСТИЧЕСКИХ ВОЛНАХ С ЗЕРКАЛЬНОЙ ТОПОЛОГИЕЙ
Authors: Анцев И.Г. , Богословский С.В. , Сапожников Г.А.
Published: July 2020

Предложена новая конструкция датчиков давления, реализующая зеркальную топологию чувствительного элемента. Применение линий задержки позволяет создавать пассивные устройства, работающие на больших дальностях. Предлагаемое решение расширяет область применения зеркальных топологий для измерений давления.

The liquid and gas pressure sensor is one of the most required sensors. Usually, resonator circuits are used in the passive wireless sensors based on surface acoustic waves. Wide application of pressure measurements resonators is caused by their small dimensions and, accordingly, by possibility to choose the part with low irregularity of parameter on the membrane (first of all a surface acoustic waves velocity). The sensitive elements based on surface acoustic waves delay lines have bigger linear dimensions than those with resonators. However, delay lines are less sensitive to irregularity of surface acoustic waves velocity distribution along acoustic way, and in practice to reach a long distance with a considerable number of random echo it is necessary to provide the significant (up to 4 |xs) delay of the sensor information response. The paper presents a new design, which implements the mirror topology of the sensitive element of pressure sensors. The use of delay lines allows the creation of passive devices operating at long ranges. The proposed solution extends the field of application of mirror topologies for pressure measurements.
ЦИФРОВОЙ ИЗОЛЯТОР В СПЕЦИАЛИЗИРОВАННОМ КОРПУСЕ, ВЫПОЛНЕННОМ ПО ТЕХНОЛОГИИ LTCC
Authors: Бутузов В.А. , Назаренко А.Е. , Дмитриев Н.Ю. , Трофимов В.А. , Косевский В.А. , Бочаров Ю.И. , Прокопьев В.Ю. , Кусь О.Н.
Published: July 2020

Представлены результаты разработки цифрового изолятора на основе интегрального микротрансформатора в специализированном корпусе, выполненном по технологии низкотемпературной совместно обжигаемой керамики (LTCC). Согласно результатам измерений тестовых образцов максимальная скорость передачи данных разработанного цифрового изолятора - не менее 30 Мбит/с.

The paper presents the results of the development of a digital insulator based on an integral microtransformer in a specialized package made in technology of low-temperature co-fired ceramics. The isolator is a microassembly consisting of a transceiver chip and an integrated transformer. According to the test results, the maximum data rate speed of the developed digital insulator is not less than 30 Mbit/s.
КОММУТАЦИЯ КРИСТАЛЛОВ ПРИПОЙНЫМИ ШАРИКАМИ В МИКРОСИСТЕМАХ 2,5D- И 3D-СБОРОК
Authors: Змеев С.В.
Published: July 2020

Рассмотрены особенности технологического процесса пайки кристаллов через припойные шарики методом перевернутого кристалла (флип-чип), произведено сравнение методов монтажа флип-чип и проволочной разварки, приведены примеры монтажа различных комбинаций материалов кристалла и подложки.

The paper considers features of technological process of soldering crystals through solder balls by the inverted crystal method (flip-chip), as well as compares methods for mounting a flip-chip and wire bonding and gives examples of mounting various combinations materials for crystal and substrates.
РАЗРАБОТКА И ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МИКРОМЕХАНИЧЕСКОГО АКСЕЛЕРОМЕТРА
Authors: Тимошенков А.С. , Анчутин С.А. , Кочурина Е.С. , Мусаткин А.С. , Головинский М.С. , Калугин В.В. , Пузиков В.В. , Тимошенков С.П.
Published: July 2020

В статье приведено описание микромеханических акселерометров серии 202МСУ1Л-1Ц и 203МСУ1Л-1Ц: особенности конструкции микромеханического акселерометра, математическая модель выходного сигнала, представлено описание автоматизированного стенда и разработанного программного обеспечения, даны результаты экспериментальных исследований.

This paper describes design features of 202MSU1L-1C and 203MSU1L-1C micromechanical accelerometers: a mathematical model of the output signal, description of the automated test bench and developed software as well as the results of experimental studies.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОПЕРАЦИЙ ОТМЫВКИ ПЛАСТИН И ПОДЛОЖЕК НА РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ЭТАПАХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРОЦЕССА, ПРИМЕНЯЕМЫЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ РЕШЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ИХ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ
Authors: Герасименко Ю.В. , Комаров Н.В. , Комаров В.Н. , Ермакова А.С.
Published: July 2020

Проведен комплексный обзор способов устранения загрязнений поверхности пластин и подложек, применяемых в технологическом процессе. Рассмотрены конструктивные решения для реализации эффективных методов очистки поверхности пластин и подложек. Представлены варианты сочетаний методов отмывки и сушки в специальном технологическом оборудовании, представлен опыт ОАО «НИИПМ» в этой области.

The paper presents a comprehensive review of the wafers and substrates surface pollution particle removal methods used in the technological process. Design solutions for the implementation of effective methods for wafers and substrates surface cleaning have been considered. Besides, the paper gives variants of cleaning and drying methods combinations in special technological equipment, as well as the experience of Scientific Research Institute of Semiconductor Mechanical Engineering in this area.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОГО ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ КЛЮЧЕВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ОПЕРАЦИЙ ПРИ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИИ СВЧ ЭКБ НА ОСНОВЕ GAN И GAAS
Authors: Алексеев А.Н. , Петров С.И.
Published: July 2020

Показаны результаты применения отечественного оборудования (ЗАО «НТО») для разработки и проведения ключевых технологических операций при изготовлении мощных полевых транзисторов и МИС СВЧ-диапазона на основе GaN и GaAs. Обсуждаются особенности и результаты оптимизации технологических установок для таких операций, как выращивание гетероструктур методом МЛЭ, нанесение контактной и затворной металлизации при помощи электронно-лучевого напыления, отжиг омических контактов, травление меза-изоляции и нанесение диэлектрика при помощи плазмохимических методов. Кроме того, представлены особенности установок и технологических процессов глубокого плазмохимического травления для формирования сквозных металлизированных отверстий в SiC и GaAs, а также прецизионного травления GaN и GaAs. Продемонстрированы технологические результаты использования оборудования ЗАО «НТО» в производственном цикле АО «Светлана-Рост».

The paper highlights the results of using domestic equipment (SemiTEq JSC) for the development and implementation of key technological operations for producing GaN and GaAs based power microwave transistors. Features and results of optimization of the technological equipment have also been discussed for such operations as: MBE growth of heterosructures, deposition of the contacts and gate metallization using electron beam evaporation and ohmic contacts annealing, plasma etching of mesa isolation and PECVD of the dielectric. In addition, the features of systems for deep plasma etching of SiC and GaAs as well as GaN and GaAs precision etching have been presented. The technological results of using SemiTEq equipment in the production cycle of Svetlana-Rost JSC have been demonstrated.
РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ГЛУБОКИХ СВЕРТОЧНЫХ НЕЙРОННЫХ СЕТЕЙ НА СБИС 1879ВМ8Я
Authors: Ландышев С.В. , Клименко М.Ю.
Published: July 2020

В статье рассматриваются вопросы реализации глубоких сверточных нейронных сетей на отечественной СБИС 1879ВМ8Я. Приводятся принципы программирования многопроцессорной гетерогенной системы, принципы оптимизации вычислений с учетом архитектурных особенностей СБИС. Описывается специализированный планировщик для портирования пользовательских сверточных нейронных сетей с произвольной топологией на архитектуру 1879ВМ8Я.

This article is devoted to implementation of deep convolutional neural networks on the NM6408 ASIC. The principles of programming the multiprocessor heterogeneous system and optimizing the calculations concerning the architecture of ASIC have been provided. A specialized scheduler for porting custom convolutional neural networks with an arbitrary topology to the NM6408 architecture has been proposed.
Evaluación de la competencia de aprendizaje autorregulado en función del nivel educativo y el género de alumnado de carreras administrativas
Authors: Velasco Angulo Cecilia , Cardeñoso Ramírez Olga
Published: July 2020

Se investigaron las diferencias existentes en la competencia de aprendizaje autorregulado de estudiantes universitarios en función del grado (2º, 5º, 7º y 9º semestre) y del género. Participaron 251 estudiantes ecuatorianos pertenecientes a cuatro titulaciones de carreras administrativas quienes completaron el MSLQ (Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire) junto con otros datos académicos. Los resultados muestran que el alumnado disminuye su motivación extrínseca a medida que avanza en la carrera; la valoración de las tareas académicas se reduce entre el 2º y el 5º semestre; y la habilidad para gestionar de manera eficaz el tiempo y el espacio de estudio aumenta entre el 7º y el 9º semestre. Respecto del género, las mujeres obtuvieron puntuaciones más altas que los hombres en el uso de estrategias de repaso, la organización significativa de la materia, el manejo eficaz del tiempo y el ambiente de trabajo, de cara a lograr sus metas académicas.
Evidencias de validez del Cuestionario de Evaluación de la Competencia Docente Universitaria
Authors: Reyes Piñuelas Erika Paola , Luna Serrano Edna , Caso Niebla Joaquín
Published: July 2020

El propósito del artículo es presentar la estrategia metodológica seguida para la obtención de evidencias de validez de la estructura interna del Cuestionario de Evaluación de la Competencia Docente (CECD) con base en la opinión de los estudiantes. El CECD se aplicó a muestras representativas de estudiantes de licenciatura de dos universidades mexicanas (n1=511 y n2=503) y se utilizó el análisis factorial confirmatorio como procedimiento analítico. La modelización confirmatoria incluyó la identificación del modelo, la especificación del modelo, la selección de medidas, la evaluación de los criterios de calidad de ajuste y la modificación del modelo de medición. Los resultados permitieron confirmar el ajuste del modelo hipotético con el sustento del CECD; se observó una estructura bifactorial con índices de ajuste aceptables e índices de consistencia interna superiores a .90 en ambas muestras. El sustento teórico y empírico del CECD avala su utilización en los ámbitos universitarios descritos.
Acompañamiento a redes de líderes escolares para su transformación en comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje
Authors: Mellado Hernández María Elena , Rincón-Gallardo Santiago , Aravena Kenigs Omar Andrés , Villagra Bravo Carolina Pilar
Published: July 2020

Se describe una estrategia de acompañamiento a diez redes de líderes escolares y su efecto en el desarrollo de capacidades directivas, las prácticas de liderazgo y la cultura de aprendizaje, desde la valoración de sus integrantes. Es un estudio mixto de alcance descriptivo. Los participantes son 139 directivos pertenecientes a diez redes de La Araucanía, Chile, acompañados durante dos años y medio por “amigos críticos” de un Centro de Liderazgo Educativo. Las técnicas de recolección de información fueron un cuestionario Likert (pre y post) y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados indican que los directivos escolares aumentan significativamente su valoración respecto al trabajo en red, y lo reconocen como una estrategia que permite reflexionar sobre sus prácticas de liderazgo y aprender colaborativamente en ambientes de confianza y simetría profesional. Asimismo, valoran al “amigo crítico” como un actor educativo que orienta la transformación de las redes en comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje.
Pengembangan Buku Ajar IPA SD melalui Pendekatan Konsep Cinta Keberagaman Suku Bangsa dan Budaya Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi Desi Eka
Published: July 2020

Sebagian besar siswa tidak mampu menjawab soal pada buku disebabkan minimnya penguasaan konsep pada materi yang sedang mereka pelajari. Konsep yang belum matang ditambah dengan soal-soal latihan yang banyak menyebabkan nilai yang diperoleh siswa belum sesuai dengan standar minimal ketuntasan belajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan buku ajar IPA SD melalui uji kelayakan isi, bahasa, dan kegrafikan. Jenis penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan model 4D (Four D Model) yang terdiri dari tahap (1) Define (Pendefinisi), (2) Design (Perancangan), (3) Develop (Pengembangan), (4) Disseminate (Penyebarluasan). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi, wawancara, angket. Jumlah skor yang diperoleh pada uji kelayakan isi sebasar 176 presentase rata-rata sebesar 77,19 % dengan kategori baik, uji kelayakan bahasa sebasar 179 dengan presentase rata-rata sebesar 78,50 % dengan kategori baik, uji kelayakan kegrafikan sebasar 359 dengan presentase rata-rata sebesar 85,47 % dengan kategori baik, uji coba terbatas memeroleh presentase rata-rata sebesar 86,93 % dengan kategori buku ajar sudah menunjukkan indikasi baik. Sedangkan pada uji coba luas memeroleh presentase rata-rata sebesar 92,57 % dengan kategori buku ajar sudah menunjukkan indikasi sangat baik sehingga layak untuk digunakan. Kenaikan rata-rata dari uji coba terbatas dengan presentase rata-rata sebesar 86,93 % dengan kategori baik, sedangkan pada uji coba luas dengan presentase rata-rata sebesar 92,57 % dengan kategori sangat baik terjadi kenaikan sebesar 5,64 %.