bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing medical student knowledge and attitudes about shared decision making across the curriculum: protocol for an international online survey and stakeholder analysis
Authors: Durand Marie-Anne , Yen Renata , Barr Paul J , Cochran Nan , Aarts Johanna , Légaré France , Reed Malcolm , James O’Malley A , Scalia Peter , Guérard Geneviève Painchaud , Elwyn Glyn
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Shared decision making (SDM) is a goal of modern medicine; however, it is not currently embedded in routine care. Barriers include cliniciansâ€™ attitudes, lack of knowledge and training and time constraints. Our goal is to support the development and delivery of a robust SDM curriculum in medical education. Our objective is to assess undergraduate medical studentsâ€™ knowledge of and attitudes towards SDM in four countries.

Methods and analysis

The first phase of the study involves a web-based cross-sectional survey of undergraduate medical students from all years in selected schools across the United States (US), Canada and undergraduate and graduate students in the Netherlands. In the United Kingdom (UK), the survey will be circulated to all medical schools through the UK Medical School Council. We will sample students equally in all years of training and assess attitudes towards SDM, knowledge of SDM and participation in related training. Medical students of ages 18 years and older in the four countries will be eligible. The second phase of the study will involve semistructured interviews with a subset of students from phase 1 and a convenience sample of medical school curriculum experts or stakeholders. Data will be analysed using multivariable analysis in phase 1 and thematic content analysis in phase 2. Method, data source and investigator triangulation will be performed. Online survey data will be reported according to the Checklist for Reporting the Results of Internet E-Surveys. We will use the COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research for all qualitative data.

Ethics and dissemination

The study has been approved for dissemination in the US, the Netherlands, Canada and the UK. The study is voluntary with an informed consent process. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will help inform the inclusion of SDM-specific curriculum in medical education worldwide.
How can we ensure that the coroner’s autopsy is not an invasion of human rights?
Authors: Leadbeatter Stephen , James Ryk
Published: June 2017

Background

Despite public inquiries, and some changes to legislation following high-profile multiple homicides that were not detected by autopsy, coroners continue to rely largely on the autopsy. Regardless of the extent of quality failings and excess deaths at some hospitals, not detected through the coroner system, the autopsy is scarcely used by hospitals to monitor standards and educate.

Objective

To explore when a compulsory medicolegal autopsy should, and should not, be used.

Method

Two hundred and thirty-six cases referred to a senior coroner were evaluated by pathologists with long experience of forensic, coronial and hospital autopsies, using detailed antecedent medical and circumstantial information: after their advice, the senior coroner decided what kind of autopsy provided sufficient information for his purposes.

Results

In nearly 40% (n=88) of deaths where the senior coroner accepted jurisdiction, issues raised could be resolved through analysis of medical records and antecedent information, supplemented only by detailed external examination of the body.

Conclusions

Timely provision of sufficient information allows informed decisions about the requirement for, and nature and extent of, medical investigations into a death: unnecessary post mortem dissection is avoided, protecting the rights, under Articles 8 and 9 of the Human Rights Act 1998, of the bereaved to privacy, family life and religious practice. Although improvements in healthcare can undoubtedly result from detailed coroners’ inquiries, those deaths where the matters investigated relate only to the accuracy of a natural cause of death or sit with a healthcare provider’s internal quality assurance, should be investigated by the healthcare system in collaboration with the bereaved.
Media work adds a new dimension to my clinical practice
Authors: Wedderburn Pete
Published: June 2017

Pete Wedderburn describes his media career as ‘accidental and unexpected’, but having dipped his toe in the water, he found he enjoyed it. Here, he explains how it started
Short interpregnancy intervals, maternal folate levels, and infants born small for gestational age: a preliminary study in a Canadian supplement-using population
Authors: Chen Buffy , Carrion Prescilla , Grewal Ravneet , Inglis Angela , Hippman Catriona , Morris Emily , Andrighetti Heather , Albert Arianne , Austin Jehannine
Published: June 2017

Short interpregnancy intervals (SIPI) have been associated with increased risks for adverse neonatal outcomes including preterm delivery and infants small for gestational age (SGA). It has been suggested that mechanistically, adverse neonatal outcomes after SIPI arise due to insufficient recovery of depleted maternal folate levels prior to the second pregnancy. However, empirical data are lacking regarding physiological folate levels in pregnant women with SIPI and relationships between quantified physiological folate levels and outcomes like SGA. Therefore, we sought to test 2 hypotheses, specifically that compared with controls women with SIPI would: (i) have lower red blood cell folate (RBCF) levels and (ii) be more likely to have SGA infants (defined as <10th percentile). Using data collected in British Columbia, Canada, for a larger study on perinatal psychopathology, we documented supplementation use and compared prenatal RBCF levels and proportion of SGA infants between women with SIPI (second child conceived ≤24 months after previous birth, n = 26) and matched controls (no previous pregnancies, or >24 months between pregnancies, n = 52). There were no significant differences in either mean RBCF levels (Welch’s t test, p = 0.7) or proportion of SGA infants (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.7) between women with SIPI and matched controls. We report the first data about RBCF levels in the context of SIPI. If confirmed, our finding of no relationship between these variables in this population suggests that continued folic acid supplementation following an initial pregnancy mitigates folate depletion. We found no relationship between SIPI and SGA.
A Novel Method Based on Line-Segment Visualizations for Hyper-Parameter Optimization in Deep Networks
Authors: Tang Xue-song , Ding Yongsheng , Hao Kuangrong
Published: June 2017

Recently, deep learning has been widely applied in various areas and achieved remarkable research findings. The major reason that makes the deep learning paradigm successful is that it can effectively learn a hierarchical feature structure for the training data. However, most deep learning algorithms rely on massive well-labeled training datasets and hyper-parameter configurations. This paper proposed a novel methodology that uses the geometric characteristics of line-segment representations to optimize the hyper-parameters for the deep networks. The methodology is applied to a line-segment-based stacked auto-encoder to verify its effectiveness. It is found that the line-segment-based visualizations can increase the interpretability of the deep models and facilitate the configurations for the hyper-parameters.
SPIN-OFF ACTIVITIES AT HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: PERFORMANCE IMPLICATIONS FROM A MODELING PERSPECTIVE
Authors: CADAVID LORENA , DÍEZ-ECHAVARRÍA LUISA , VALENCIA ALEJANDRO
Published: June 2017

One of the main thoughts about the development of spin-off activities at higher educational institutions is the need for money and time resources, at the expense of some resources invested for educational purposes. We analyzed the short- and long-run implications for higher educational institutions of investing time and money in spin-off activities from several perspectives: income, number of students and number of professors. To do that, we developed a simulation model at the aggregated level, which represents the phenomenon like a flow of two resources between two competing purposes: spin-off and educational activities. We also designed four scenarios according to different strategies to be implemented: high investment of time and money, low investment of time and money, high investment of time but low investment of money and low investment of time but high investment of money. The model was calibrated for the Colombian case. We concluded that proportional investment of time and money increases the performance in the long term, but decreases it on the short term. In addition, money investment without a proportional investment in time means a waste of resources, while time investment without a proportional investment of money could be a more effective strategy.
An asymptotic expansion of a Lambert series associated to cusp forms
Authors: Chakraborty Kalyan , Juyal Abhishek , Kumar Shiv Datt , Maji Bibekananda
Published: June 2017

Zagier’s conjecture on the asymptotic expansion of the Lambert series [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the Ramanujan’s tau function, was proved by Hafner and Stopple. Recently, Chakraborty, Kanemitsu and Maji have extended this result to any cusp forms over the full modular group. The goal of this paper is to extend the asymptotic behavior to cusp forms over any congruence subgroup of the full modular group.
Optimal Sequential Grouping for Robust Video Scene Detection Using Multiple Modalities
Authors: Rotman Daniel , Porat Dror , Ashour Gal
Published: June 2017

Video scene detection is the task of dividing a video into semantic sections. To perform this fundamental task, we propose a novel and effective method for temporal grouping of scenes using an arbitrary set of features computed from the video. We formulate the task of video scene detection as a generic optimization problem to optimally group shots into scenes, and propose an efficient procedure for solving the optimization problem based on a novel dynamic programming scheme. This unique formulation directly results in a temporally consistent segmentation, and has the advantage of being parameter-free, making it applicable across various domains. We provide detailed experimental results, showing that our algorithm outperforms current state-of-the-art methods. To assess the comprehensiveness of this method even further, we present experimental results testing different types of modalities and their applicability in this formulation.
NF1+/− Hematopoietic Cells Accelerate Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Development without Altering Chemotherapy Response
Authors: Dodd Rebecca D. , Lee Chang-Lung , Overton Tess , Huang Wesley , Eward William C. , Luo Lixia , Ma Yan , Ingram Davis R. , Torres Keila E. , Cardona Diana M. , Lazar Alexander J. , Kirsch David G.
Published: June 2017

Haploinsufficiency in the tumor suppressor NF1 contributes to the pathobiology of neurofibromatosis type 1, but a related role has not been established in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) where NF1 mutations also occur. Patients with NF1-associated MPNST appear to have worse outcomes than patients with sporadic MPNST, but the mechanism underlying this correlation is not understood. To define the impact of stromal genetics on the biology of this malignancy, we developed unique mouse models that reflect the genetics of patient-associated MPNST. Specifically, we used adenovirus-Cre injections to generate MPNST in Nf1Flox/Flox; Ink4a/ArfFlox/Flox and Nf1Flox/−; Ink4a/ArfFlox/Flox paired littermate mice to model tumors from NF1-wild-type and NF1-associated patients, respectively. In these models, Nf1 haploinsufficiency in hematopoietic cells accelerated tumor onset and increased levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells comprised of CD11b+ cells, monocytes, and mast cells. We observed that mast cells were also enriched in human NF1-associated MPNST. In a coclinical trial to examine how the tumor microenvironment influences the response to multiagent chemotherapy, we found that stromal Nf1 status had no effect. Taken together, our results clarify the role of the NF1-haploinsufficient tumor microenvironment in MPNST. Cancer Res; 77(16); 4486–97. ©2017 AACR.
Predictive Accuracy of Calf Circumference Measurements to Detect Decreased Skeletal Muscle Mass and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism-Defined Malnutrition in Hospitalized Older Patients
Authors: Maeda Keisuke , Koga Takayuki , Nasu Tomomi , Takaki Miki , Akagi Junji
Published: June 2017

Background/Aims: The ability to readily diagnose sarcopenia and malnutrition in a clinical setting is essential. This study is aimed at clarifying the calf circumference (CC) cut-off values for decreased skeletal muscle mass (SMM), according to the Asian Work Group for Sarcopenia's criteria definition of sarcopenia, and those for European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism-defined malnutrition, in hospitalized Japanese patients. Methods: The study involved 1,164 patients aged ≥65 years. Predictive CC cut-off values were determined using receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses. The predictive validity of the cut-off values was confirmed against in-hospital mortality. Results: There were 654 females and 510 males (mean age, 83.5 ± 8.2 years). Decreased SMM and malnutrition were observed in 80.4 and 32.8% of all patients, respectively. ROC analyses identified CCs of ≤29 cm (female, area under the curve [AUC] 0.791) and ≤30 cm (male, AUC 0.832) as cut-off values for decreased SMM, and CCs of ≤26 cm (female, AUC 0.798) and ≤28 cm (male, AUC 0.837) for malnutrition. CC cut-off values for SMM and malnutrition were independently correlated with in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: The study determined appropriate cut-off values for CC to identify decreased SMM and malnutrition according to the relevant guidelines.
The Socio-economic Aspects of hijra
Authors: Reda Latife
Published: June 2017

The paper highlights the socio-economic aspects of the concept ofhijraor migration in the Islamic tradition. The paper argues that the conception of migration in the Islamic tradition has been shaped by not only religious and ethical values, but also social and economic motivations and consequences ever since the first migrations to Abyssinia and Medina. The paper addresses the notion and practice ofhijrain Islamic history by highlighting its ethical and religious value as well as its nature and evolution into a socio-economic activity motivated by different forms of oppression, including social and political oppression as well as economic deprivation. The study draws on the history of Islam and the Islamic society, the sources of Islamic law and doctrines, and the thought of scholars in relation to the changes in approaches to migration, and the conceptualization ofhijraas an activity motivated by oppression and economic hardship.
“This Earth will be Uncrowned, without Depression, Flat”. An Edition and an Annotated Translation of the Iranian Bundahišn 34
Authors: Agostini Domenico
Published: June 2017

The chapter thirty-four is one of the most interesting and important sections of the Iranian Bundahišn. It describes the eschatological events that will occur at the end of the Zoroastrian cosmic era such as the resurrection of the body and the final judgment. This article provides a critical edition of the text in Middle Persian (mp) based on the codex td1 accompanied by an annotated translation including a commentary on the most relevant mythological and religious issues.
Schools at the Rural-Urban Boundary: Blurring the Divide?
Authors: Burdick-Will Julia , Logan John R.
Published: June 2017

Schools often mirror the communities in which they are located. Research on rural-urban school inequality tends to focus on the contrast among urban, suburban, and rural schools, glossing over the variation and similarities within these areas. We provide a richer description of the spatial distribution of educational inequality by examining school composition, achievement, and resources in all U.S. public elementary schools in 2010–2011. We take the traditional census categories derived from residential and commuting patterns, and apply them to schools across the country in analyses that reveal gradual transitions and blurry boundaries among the traditional zones. The results show high levels of variation within the suburbs and substantial commonality between rural and urban areas and suggest that census-defined metropolitan areas are not ideal when considering the geography of educational opportunity.
Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use by College Students for Recreational and Instrumental Purposes: Assessing the Differences
Authors: Pino Nathan W. , Tajalli Hassan , Smith Chad L. , DeSoto William
Published: June 2017

Nonmedical prescription drug use (NMPDU) is a serious issue on college campuses. We examine the factors affecting instrumental and recreational NMPDU within the same sample, and test the efficacy of learning and strain theories in predicting NMPDU for both instrumental and recreational use. This cross-sectional study utilizes survey data gathered from a convenient but representative sample ( n = 2,466) of students attending a large public university in the Southwestern United States. There is support for learning theory, but not for strain theory, in predicting both recreational and instrumental use. Logistic regression analyses also show that while marijuana smokers, illicit street drug users, and those possessing less of an academic ethic are more likely to partake in NMPDU for both recreational and instrumental purposes, the predictors for recreational and instrumental NMPDU differ in interesting ways with regard to race, gender, binge drinking, living arrangement, and Greek organization membership.
Politics of the Living Dead: Race and Exceptionalism in the Apocalypse
Authors: Fishel Stefanie , Wilcox Lauren
Published: June 2017

The zombie, as a Western pop culture icon, has taken up residence in International Relations. Used both humorously and as a serious teaching tool, many scholars and professors of IR have written of the zombie as a useful figure for teaching IR theory in an engaging manner, and have used zombie outbreaks to analyse the responses of the international community during catastrophe, invasion, and natural disasters. The authors of this article would like to unearth another aspect of the zombie that is often left unsaid or forgotten: namely, that the body of the zombie, as a historical phenomenon and cultural icon, is deeply imbricated in the racialisation of political subjects and fear of the Other. Through a critical analysis of biopower and race, and in particular Weheliye’s concept of habeas viscus, we suggest that the figure of the zombie can be read as a racialised figure that can provide the means for rethinking the relationship of the discipline of IR to the concept of race. We read The Walking Dead as a zombie narrative that could provide a critical basis for rethinking the concepts of bare life and the exception to consider ‘living on’ in apocalyptic times.
‘The costumes don’t do it for me’: Obstacles to the translation of ‘new’ management ideas
Authors: McCabe Darren , Russell Stephanie
Published: June 2017

It has been argued that management support is important to successfully translate new management ideas into practice. Through focusing on the obstacles to the translation of a management guru text in a manufacturing organisation, we point towards a far more uncertain situation. First, we explore the paradoxical situation of engaged managers undermining the implementation of new ideas. Second, we consider how attempts to use humour to aid translation may generate a variety of unintended employee translations. Third, we examine how the objects that management enlist to support translation can thwart change. It has been argued that ‘technological’ and ‘textual’ objects exercise agency through making humans act in intended ways. Into this mix, we add ‘cultural’ objects (in our case costumes) and argue that while they exercise agency, the outcomes they produce may hinder managerial designs.
Beauty surveillance: The digital self-monitoring cultures of neoliberalism
Authors: Elias Ana Sofia , Gill Rosalind
Published: June 2017

This article argues that ‘beauty apps’ are transforming the arena of appearance politics and foregrounds a theoretical architecture for critically understanding them. Informed by a feminist-Foucaultian framework, it argues that beauty apps offer a technology of gender which brings together digital self-monitoring and postfeminist modalities of subjecthood to produce an hitherto unprecedented regulatory gaze upon women, which is marked by the intensification, extensification and psychologization of surveillance. The article is divided into four sections. First, it introduces the literature on digital self-tracking. Second, it sets out our understanding of neoliberalism and postfeminism. Third, it looks at beauty and surveillance, before offering, in the final section, a typology of appearance apps. This is followed by a discussion of the modes of address/authority deployed in these apps – especially what we call ‘surveillant sisterhood’ – and the kinds of entrepreneurial subjectivity they constitute. The article seeks to make a contribution to feminist surveillance studies and argues that much more detailed research is needed to critically examine beauty apps.
Upper Extremity Trauma Resulting From Agricultural Accidents: Mechanism and Severity for Patients With and Without Upper Extremity Injury
Authors: Grandizio Louis C. , Wagner Benjamin , Graham Jove , Klena Joel C.
Published: June 2017

Background: Farming remains the most dangerous occupation in the United States and upper extremity (UE) injuries occur frequently in agricultural accidents. The purpose of this study is to describe the injury mechanisms, severity, and health care costs of UE injuries resulting from agricultural accidents and to compare patients with and without injuries to the UE. Methods: We performed a 6-year retrospective review of our level I trauma center registry from January 2006 to May 2013, identifying all patients injured in an agricultural accident. Data collection included baseline demographics, injury type and mechanism, costs and treatment. Patients with UE injuries were compared with those without UE injuries. Results: Ninety-six of 273 patients (35%) sustained an UE injury with fractures of the phalanx and radius/ulna occurring most frequently. Patients with UE injuries were more likely to be injured from table saws ( P = .0003) and farm machinery ( P < .0001). Twenty-one percent with UE injuries sustained a mangled extremity. Patients with UE injuries were more likely to require surgery (68% vs 36%, P < .0001) and were more likely to be readmitted (17% vs 5%, P = .0007) with risk factors for readmission including age >18 years, falls from height, and surgery. Mean hospital charges were $95 147. Conclusions: Patients sustaining agricultural UE injuries have longer lengths of stay and more frequently require surgery despite similar hospital charges compared with non-UE injured patients. Hospital readmissions occur frequently for patients with UE injuries. Understanding injury mechanisms and the epidemiology of these potentially devastating and costly injuries may help guide agricultural injury prevention programs.
Racializing “Illegality”: An Intersectional Approach to Understanding How Mexican-origin Women Navigate an Anti-immigrant Climate
Authors: García San Juanita
Published: June 2017

By shedding light on how Mexicans are racialized, scholars have brought racism to the forefront of migration research. Still, less is known about how “illegality” complicates racialized experiences, and even less is known about how gender and class further complicate this process. Drawing on 60 interviews with Mexican-origin women in Houston, Texas, this research explores how documented and Mexican American women are racialized, the institutional contexts in which this process occurs, and how women’s racialized experiences relate to feelings of belonging and exclusion. Findings suggest a form of discrimination that is intersectional and imbued within an anti-immigrant climate. “Racializing illegality” unfolds within institutional contexts that include the workplace, criminal justice system, educational institutions, and health care settings. Both immigrant and Mexican American women experience feelings of belonging and exclusion but face more exclusion associated with an anti-immigrant sentiment. This article shows the gravity of “illegality” as it extends across legal status, nativity, race, and generation status. It also contributes to the race and migration literature by suggesting the need for an intersectional approach to studying “illegality.”
Surgical Trends in the Treatment of Acute Achilles Ruptures
Authors: Ho Bryant , Soin Sandeep , MacDonald Ashlee , Baumhauer Judith , Ketz John
Published: June 2017

Category:

Sports

Introduction/Purpose:

Historically, nonoperative treatment of acute Achilles tendon ruptures was felt to have significant re-rupture rates. With improved functional rehabilitation, recent studies have shown decreased rates of tendon re-rupture. Recent randomized control trials circa 2010 have shown no difference in re-ruptures between early functional rehabilitation and surgical repair. The goal of this study was to evaluate trends in surgical treatment of Achilles ruptures, based on data obtained from the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS), in response to evolving level I evidence.

Methods:

All operative cases submitted by part II applicants from 2003 to 2015 for primary board certification by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) were retrospectively reviewed. Isolated primary Achilles tendon repairs for acute ruptures were identified by ICD-9 and CPT code. Surgeon information including fellowship training and geographic region, and patient information including age, sex, and complications were collected.

Results:

Out of 1,118,457 cases, there were 4792 Achilles repairs (0.43%) with 510 complications (10.6%). The rate of Achilles repairs increased from 2006 to 2010, when rates peaked at 0.57% of all collected cases (Figure 1). Since 2010, there has been a decrease in rates back to pre-2006 values. The changing rates appear to be largely driven by non-fellowship trained orthopaedic surgeons. The rates of sports and foot and ankle fellowship trained surgeons had mild increases in 2006 and decreases in 2010, but overall have slightly increased. The rate for patients greater than 65 have decreased from 2002 to 2004. Since then, there have been yearly variations, with minimal overall change. Examination of regional differences demonstrate the greatest change in the Northeast. All regions had increased rates in 2006 and decreased rates in 2010, with the exception of the Northwest and South regions, who showed little overall change.

Conclusion:

Surgical trends for Achilles ruptures corresponded closely to high impact level 1 publications in the literature in 2005 and 2010, suggesting evidence-based responsiveness in newly trained orthopaedic surgeons. These trends are less pronounced in the Northwest and South regions and for sports and foot and ankle specialists.
Tonic B-cell receptor signaling in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Havranek Ondrej , Xu Jingda , Köhrer Stefan , Wang Zhiqiang , Becker Lisa , Comer Justin M. , Henderson Jared , Ma Wencai , Man Chun Ma John , Westin Jason R. , Ghosh Dipanjan , Shinners Nicholas , Sun Luhong , Yi Allen F. , Karri Anusha R. , Burger Jan A. , Zal Tomasz , Davis R. Eric
Published: June 2017

Key Points

The GCB subtype of DLBCL relies exclusively on tonic BCR signaling via CD79A Y188. PTEN protein expression and BCR surface density determine the contribution of tonic BCR signaling to AKT activity in GCB-DLBCL.
Quality of life in children and adolescents with bipolar I depression treated with olanzapine/fluoxetine combination
Authors: Walker Daniel J. , DelBello Melissa P. , Landry John , D’Souza Deborah N. , Detke Holland C.
Published: June 2017

Background

We examined the efficacy of olanzapine/fluoxetine combination (OFC) in improving health-related quality of life (QoL) in the treatment of bipolar depression in children and adolescents.

Methods

Patients aged 10–17 years with bipolar I disorder, depressed episode, baseline children’s depression rating scale-revised (CDRS-R) total score ≥40, Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) total score ≤15, and YMRS-item 1 ≤ 2 were randomized to OFC (6/25–12/50 mg/day olanzapine/fluoxetine; n = 170) or placebo (n = 85) for up to 8 weeks of double-blind treatment. Patients and parents completed the revised KINDL questionnaire for measuring health-related QoL in children and adolescents (KINDL-R) at baseline and endpoint. The mean change in CDRS-R total and item scores were used to compare improvement in symptomatology in patients taking OFC and placebo. Tests were 2-sided using a Type I error cutoff of 0.05, and no adjustments for multiple comparisons were made.

Results

Baseline QoL as measured by the KINDL-R was substantially impaired relative to published norms for a healthy school-based sample. OFC-treated patients demonstrated an improvement over placebo at endpoint with respect to mean change from baseline in the patient-rated KINDL-R Self-esteem subscale score (p = 0.028), and in the parent KINDL-R ratings of emotional well-being (p = 0.020), Self-esteem (p = 0.030), and Family (p = 0.006). At endpoint, OFC-treated patients still had a lower QoL compared to the normative population. OFC showed significant improvement (p ≤ 0.05) versus placebo on the CDRS-R total score and on 7 of the 17 CDRS-R items.

Conclusions

Patients aged 10–17 years with an acute episode of bipolar depression and their parents reported greater improvements (parents noticed improvements in more areas than did their offspring) on some aspects of QoL when treated with OFC compared with placebo. However, after 8 weeks of treatment, KINDL-R endpoint scores remained lower than those of the, presumably healthy, control population.

Clinical trial registration information A Study for Assessing Treatment of Patients Ages 10–17 with Bipolar Depression; http://www.clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00844857
Labor Market Trends in Greece over the Crisis Period, 2009-2014
Authors: Botsari Maria , Zografakis Stavros
Published: June 2017

In this paper we present key statistics on the labor market of Greece and the Eurozone over the crisis period 2009-2014, with particular emphasis given to youth and longterm unemployment and its consequences. Statistics on the previous occupations of the unemployed, methods used for seeking work and type of employment sought are also presented. Used data reveal that the change of the working-age population in Greece during the crisis follows a U-shape over age with a greater decline occurring in the 25 to 29 years age group as a result of high emigration of the young age group attributable to the decline in economic activity. Greece suffers from unprecedented and socially unacceptable rates of unemployment with the youth and long-term unemployment rates being even more alarming and worrying as they may have such devastating and long-term debilitating effects on young people that have been called ‘scarring effects’. Those scarring effects on young people are interpreted in the literature’ in terms of two factors, the first factor relating to the depreciation of their human capital and readiness to work and the second relating to the so-called ‘unemployment stigma’.
Local child care policies: A reformulation of the structural deficiencies of social protection
Authors: Skamnakis Christoforos
Published: June 2017

For years, care has been at the fore of social policy among local government authorities in Greece. In a context of budgetary constraints and protracted austerity policy, both of which lead to a retrenchment in social protection, the contribution of local government authorities has become essential. Our study engages with the present-day context, and with the features, objectives and prospects for the dynamic role of local government authorities in preschool care. We highlight those features that shape the new environment, while accounting for the demand and supply of the relevant services, the funding of the facilities, and finally, their contribution to social protection, as the latter proliferates at the local level.
Σπύρος Ξένος Η απομυθοποίηση μιας συλλογικής αυταπάτης: Oι οικονομικές διαθέσεις και πρακτικές των «ωφελούμενων» ανέργων του Προγράμματος ΤοπΕΚΟ Ζακύνθου, Συνεταιριστική Αυτοδιοικητική Ζακύνθου Σ.Α.Ζ., 2015
Authors: Πύργος Αντώνης
Published: June 2017

no abstract
Knowing when your work is appreciated
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: June 2017

In the final part of her series on team building, Karen Hart weighs the value of staff incentives and discovers that it is often the non-material rewards that are the most important for early years staff.
Having a go with Mini Mash
Authors: McKeown Sal
Published: June 2017

Screen time using 2Simple design software, Mini Mash, is so popular in a reception class that the teacher is considering using a timer to ensure everyone gets a turn. Sal McKeown checks out its learning credentials.
Exploring global foods
Authors: Chapman Ailsa
Published: June 2017

Ailsa Chapman describes how a display featuring international foodstuffs was a source of pride for children.
What a wonderful world!
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: June 2017

In a series of four articles Jenni Clarke explores ways to recognise and support awe and wonder, starting with the natural environment. Observe those precious seconds before the exclamations and questions begin.
Say hello to summer!
Authors: Chapman Ailsa
Published: June 2017

Ailsa Chapman describes how children created a display to capture the spirit of summer and its many delights.
Pleased to meet you
Authors: White Hilary
Published: June 2017

The ability to greet people, politely start a conversation and say goodbye, are valuable life skills. Try these role-play ideas with props such as puppets to help children develop their social graces.
Enter the dragon
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: June 2017

Use Jackie Morris's exquisitely illustrated book to spark children's imaginations about dragons. Help them to begin to read words and use vocabulary influenced by the rich descriptions in the book.
Got it pegged?
Authors: Garner Lynne
Published: June 2017

Integrate maths into fun games, using everyday objects such as pegs and lolly pop sticks. Draw simple grids which children can experiment with, placing different numbered cards and objects in the squares.
Going underground
Authors: White Hilary
Published: June 2017

Give children spades and trowels and take them outdoors to begin digging and discovering what lies beneath the ground. Challenge them to organise their finds into animal, vegetable and mineral.
Join the tea set
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: June 2017

Creating a tea party provides the perfect opportunity to practise ‘please’ and ‘thank you’. It helps children to understand when these words are most appropriate and helps to get the conversation flowing.
The sound of music
Authors: Williams Kate
Published: June 2017

Learning phonics through music making is fun, and this session offers a mix of entertaining activities designed to introduce small groups of older children to a phonic and its letter shape.
Comparison Between Conventional Design and Cathode Gas Recirculation Design of a Direct-Syngas Solid Oxide Fuel Cell–Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems Part I: Design Performance
Authors: Azami Vahid , Yari Mortaza
Published: June 2017

In this paper, a conventional SOFC–GT hybrid system and a SOFC–GT hybrid system with cathode gas recirculation system fueled with syngas as the main source of energy were analyzed and their performances were compared. In the conventional SOFC–GT hybrid system, the incoming air to the cathode was heated at air recuperator and air preheater to meet the required cathode inlet temperature. In the SOFC–GT hybrid system with cathode gas recirculation, besides air recuperator and air preheater, the recirculation of the cathode exhaust gas was also used to meet the required cathode inlet temperature. The system performances have been analyzed by means of models developed with the computer program Cycle–Tempo. A complete model of the SOFC–GT hybrid system with these two configurations evaluated in terms of energy and exergy efficiencies and their performance characteristics were compared. Simulation results show that the electrical energy and exergy efficiencies achieved in the cathode gas recirculation plant (64.76% and 66.28%, respectively) are significantly higher than those obtained in the conventional plant (54.53% and 55.8%). Article History: Received Feb 23rd 2017; Received in revised form May 26th 2017; Accepted June 1st 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Azami, V, and Yari, M. (2017) Comparison between conventional design and cathode gas recirculation design of a direct-syngas solid oxide fuel cell–gas turbine hybrid systems part I: Design performance. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(2), 127-136.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.2.127-136
Charakterystyka znaczeń wyrażeń tak naprawdę, na pewno i oczywiście
Authors: Niećko-Bukowska Bożena
Published: June 2017

Omawiane w niniejszym artykule charakterystyki znaczeń wyrażeń „tak naprawdę”, „na pewno” i „oczywiście” opracowane zostały na podstawie badań ankietowych z wykorzystaniem metody skojarzeniowej, przeprowadzonych wśród studentów kierunku filologia na Wydziale Neofilologii UAM. Celem pracy jest zaprezentowanie możliwych do wyodrębnienia wymiarów semantycznych dla badanych wyrażeń, prześledzenie funkcji jakie pełnią w potocznym użyciu i przedstawienie sposobów funkcjonowania i rozumienia tego, co „prawdziwe”, „pewne” czy „oczywiste”.
Development of an operation strategy for hydrogen production using solar PV energy based on fluid dynamic aspects
Authors: Amores Ernesto , Rodríguez Jesús , Oviedo José , de Lucas-Consuegra Antonio
Published: June 2017

Alkaline water electrolysis powered by renewable energy sources is one of the most promising strategies for environmentally friendly hydrogen production. However, wind and solar energy sources are highly dependent on weather conditions. As a result, power fluctuations affect the electrolyzer and cause several negative effects. Considering these limiting effects which reduce the water electrolysis efficiency, a novel operation strategy is proposed in this study. It is based on pumping the electrolyte according to the current density supplied by a solar PV module, in order to achieve the suitable fluid dynamics conditions in an electrolysis cell. To this aim, a mathematical model including the influence of electrode-membrane distance, temperature and electrolyte flow rate has been developed and used as optimization tool. The obtained results confirm the convenience of the selected strategy, especially when the electrolyzer is powered by renewable energies.
Design of Optical SR Latch and Flip-Flop Using Electro-Optic Effect Inside Lithium–Niobate-Based Mach–Zehnder Interferometers
Authors: Pal Amrindra , Kumar Santosh , Sharma Sandeep
Published: June 2017

Set-Reset (SR) latch or flip-flop is bistabile circuit. The circuit maintains a binary state indefinitely until directed by an input signal (clock signal) to switch state. Sequential logic circuits for specific application can be implemented by using SR flip-flop and external gates. In this article, SR latch and SR flip-flop is proposed using electro-optic effect inside lithium–niobate-based Mach–Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). The MZI structures have the powerful capability of switching an optical input signal to a desired output port. The article constitutes a mathematical description of the proposed device and thereafter simulation using MATLAB. The study is verified using beam propagation method (BPM).
Achieving competitive advantage through the integration of disabled architects in architectural design firms in Egypt
Authors: Othman Ayman Ahmed Ezzat , Sorial Marise Hossam Hosny
Published: June 2017

The 2030 strategy of sustainable development in Egypt is based on integrated goals, including Human Resource Development. Egypt has ~9,540 disabled architects, who can play an important role in achieving competitive advantage through their integration in Architectural Design Firms (ADFs). By neglecting the benefits of integrating disabled architects, ADFs encounter the risk of losing unique skills and competent personnel. This article investigates the integration of disabled architects in ADFs as an approach for achieving competitive advantage. To achieve this aim, a research methodology consisting of literature review, case studies, and survey questionnaire has been adopted, and it is designed to achieve five objectives. First, literature review is used to investigate the concepts of disabilities and competitive advantage, as well as the relation between integrating disabled architects and the achievement of competitiveness in ADFs. Second, six case studies are presented and analyzed to investigate the role and process of achieving competitive advantage in ADFs through employing disabled architects. Third, the results of a survey questionnaire are analyzed to examine the perception regarding and application of employing disabled architects as an approach for achieving competitive advantage in ADFs in Egypt. Fourth, a framework is developed to facilitate the integration of disabled architects in ADFs with the goal of achieving competitive advantage. Finally, the research findings are summarized and recommendations are put forth. The value of this research stems from the need to address the issue of lack of employment of disabled architects in ADFs and the benefits of making better use of their unique capabilities and skills toward achieving competitiveness. In addition, this research covers a controversial topic that receives scant attention in construction literature, especially in Egypt.
REST suppression mediates neural conversion of adult human fibroblasts via microRNA‐dependent and ‐independent pathways
Authors: Drouin‐Ouellet Janelle , Lau Shong , Brattås Per Ludvik , Rylander Ottosson Daniella , Pircs Karolina , Grassi Daniela A , Collins Lucy M , Vuono Romina , Andersson Sjöland Annika , Westergren‐Thorsson Gunilla , Graff Caroline , Minthon Lennart , Toresson Håkan , Barker Roger A , Jakobsson Johan , Parmar Malin
Published: June 2017

Direct conversion of human fibroblasts into mature and functional neurons, termed induced neurons (iNs), was achieved for the first time 6 years ago. This technology offers a promising shortcut for obtaining patient‐ and disease‐specific neurons for disease modeling, drug screening, and other biomedical applications. However, fibroblasts from adult donors do not reprogram as easily as fetal donors, and no current reprogramming approach is sufficiently efficient to allow the use of this technology using patient‐derived material for large‐scale applications. Here, we investigate the difference in reprogramming requirements between fetal and adult human fibroblasts and identify REST as a major reprogramming barrier in adult fibroblasts. Via functional experiments where we overexpress and knockdown the REST‐controlled neuron‐specific microRNAs miR‐9 and miR‐124, we show that the effect of REST inhibition is only partially mediated via microRNA up‐regulation. Transcriptional analysis confirmed that REST knockdown activates an overlapping subset of neuronal genes as microRNA overexpression and also a distinct set of neuronal genes that are not activated via microRNA overexpression. Based on this, we developed an optimized one‐step method to efficiently reprogram dermal fibroblasts from elderly individuals using a single‐vector system and demonstrate that it is possible to obtain iNs of high yield and purity from aged individuals with a range of familial and sporadic neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's, Huntington's, as well as Alzheimer's disease.
Using Oral History to Assess Community Impact: A Conversation with Beverly C. Tyler, Historian, Three Village Historical Society
Authors: Stieglitz Sally , Nyitray Kristen J.
Published: June 2017

This article examines the impact of an acquisition by Special Collections at Stony Brook University Libraries on community relations. The department acquired two historically important letters about the Culper Spy Ring, an intelligence gathering effort on Long Island, New York, initiated by George Washington during the American Revolutionary War. Through a guided conversation with local historian Beverly C. Tyler, the authors gained insights on how the letters influenced the community’s re-telling of history and the development of new exhibitions and programming. The conversation also provided context for the relationship between the university and its neighbors. The narrative developed into a significant asset in its own right, in the form of an oral history that provides evidence of a previously undocumented facet of university-community engagement over time.
Engaging Student Mothers Creatively: Animated Stories of Navigating University, Inner City, and Home Worlds
Authors: Kouri Lise , Guertin Tania , Shingoose Angel
Published: June 2017

The article discusses a collaborative project undertaken in Saskatoon by Community Engagement and Outreach office at the University of Saskatchewan in partnership with undergraduate student mothers with lived experience of poverty. The results of the project were presented as an animated graphic narrative that seeks to make space for an under-represented student subpopulation, tracing strategies of survival among university, inner city and home worlds. The innovative animation format is intended to share with all citizens how community supports can be used to claim fairer health and education outcomes within system forces at play in society. This article discusses the project process, including the background stories of the students. The entire project, based at the University of Saskatchewan, Community Engagement and Outreach office at Station 20 West, in Saskatoon’s inner city, explores complex intersections of racialization, poverty and gender for the purpose of cultivating empathy and deeper understanding within the university to better support inner city students. amplifying community voices and emphasizing the social determinants of health in Saskatoon through animated stories.