bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lin MingXu , Chen YuHua , Ning Jie
Published: February 2023

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of severe hypoglycemia, markedly elevated serum insulin, and positive insulin autoantibodies. In recent years, various countries have reported it one after another. It can be seen that we must pay attention to this disease. The diagnosis of IAS is challenging, requiring a careful workup aimed at excluding other causes of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. High levels of insulin autoantibodies are found in patients, and C-peptide is not parallel to insulin, which could be diagnostic. IAS is a self-limiting disease with a good prognosis. Its treatment mainly includes symptomatic supportive treatment, such as adjusting the diet and using acarbose and other drugs to delay the absorption of glucose to prevent hypoglycemia. For patients with severe symptoms, available treatments may include drugs that reduce pancreatic insulin secretion (such as somatostatin and diazoxide), immunosuppressants (glucocorticoids, zaprin, and rituximab), and even plasma exchange to remove autoantibodies from the body. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and identification, and monitoring and treatment management of IAS.
Optimizing the Parameters of Spark Plasma Sintering to Enhance the Hardness of MgO/TiC Composites
Authors: Karanam Sai Ashish Kumar , Rathinam R. , Mouria Pradeep Kumar , Alguno Arnold C. , Capangpangan Rey Y. , Achamyeleh Tariku , Gonzales Jose Luis Arias , Sharma Vijay Kumar , Livingston T. Stephen
Published: February 2023

In this research, the first work was carried out to manufacture MgO-based metal matrix composite containing 3 wt%. Sintering parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and time were subjected to Taguchi analysis to identify the most significant effect on magnesium oxide physical and mechanical characteristics. The impact of each sintering parameter explores using the analysis of variance-structure and microstructure analysis using XRD and EDS-equipped FE-SEM. The mechanical properties of the composite are evaluated by testing its Rockwell hardness (HR) and Vickers hardness (HV). The results showed that sintering temperature was the most influential of the sintering factors on microhardness. Densification at its peak was 100%, while it peaked at 62.19 Rockwell hardness and 58.7 Vickers hardness.
Association of Systemic Immune Inflammation Index with Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity, Atherogenic Index of Plasma, Triglyceride-Glucose Index, and Cardiovascular Disease: A Large Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Xiao Shengjue , Wang Xiaotong , Zhang Gang , Tong Mingyue , Chen Jian , Zhou Yufei , Ji Qian , Liu Naifeng
Published: February 2023

In the U.S. general population, there is a lack of understanding regarding the association between the systemic immune inflammation (SII) index and estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and cardiovascular disease (CVD). As a result, the objective of our research was to investigate the association between the SII index and ePWV, AIP, and TyG index and incident CVD. We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2018 to conduct this study. The correlation between the SII index and ePWV, AIP, and TyG index was examined using generalized additive models with smooth functions. In addition, the association between SII index and triglyceride (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and fast glucose (FBG) also were explored. Finally, we further performed multivariable logistic regression analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS) plots, and subgroup analysis to study the connection between the SII index and CVD. Our analysis included 17389 subjects from the NHANES database. A substantial positive association existed between SII, WV, and the TyG index. In addition, with the increase of the SII index, AIP showed a trend of decreasing first, then rising, and then decreasing. The SII index was inversely and linearly associated with triglyceride (TG), while positively and linearly associated with fast glucose (FBG). However, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) had a tendency of first declining, then climbing, and finally falling with the rise in the SII index. After adjusting for potential confounders, compared with the lowest quartiles, the odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for CVD across the quartiles were 0.914 (0.777, 1.074), 0.935 (0.779, 1.096), and 1.112 (0.956, 1.293) for SII index. The RCS plot showed an inverse U-shaped curve relationship between the SII index and CVD. Overall, this study found a strong correlation between a higher SII index and ePWV and the TyG index. Additionally, these cross-sectional data also revealed a U-shaped connection between the SII index and CVD.
Finite Element Modeling and Optimal Design of an Electromagnetic Pneumatic Flow Servo Valve
Authors: Wang Zedan , Guo Zixuan , Zhu Guangyu , Wang Xin , Li Xiao
Published: February 2023

The electromagnet pneumatic proportional servo valve is widely used in industrial automation, medical equipment, scientific composition detectors, and other fields that require precise adjustment of high‐pressure air flow due to its simple working structure, large output power, large working frequency response, and good control performance. However, the output pressure of the valve is small, making it vulnerable to the impact of the external environment. Based on the practical electromagnet‐type pneumatic proportional servo valve, this paper establishes a finite element dynamic mathematical model, conducts finite element analysis on the electromagnet magnetic field in the valve, then improves the structural parameters of the original proportional valve through the analysis of the valve performance parameters and structural optimization, and finally, the physical experiment proves that the optimized electric proportional valve can effectively reduce the hysteresis within the working pressure range and has good response characteristics to step signals. This paper can provide support for performance analysis and structural parameter improvement of the electric proportional valve.
Dexmedetomidine Protects against Airway Inflammation and Airway Remodeling in a Murine Model of Chronic Asthma through TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhou Ying , Du Xiyu , Wang Qianyu , Xiao Shilin , Zhi Juan , Gao Huibin , Yang Dong
Published: February 2023

Asthma is a common respiratory disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly selective α2 adrenergic receptor agonist, has been shown to participate in regulating inflammatory states and thus exert organ protective actions. However, the potential of DEX in asthma is still unknown. This study is aimed at investigating the role of DEX in a mouse model of house dust mite- (HDM-) induced asthma and exploring its underlying mechanism. Here, we found that DEX treatment significantly ameliorated airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation, and airway remodeling in the asthmatic mice, which were similar to the efficacy of the reference anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone. In addition, DEX reversed the increased expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its downstream signaling adaptor molecule nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the lung tissue of asthmatic mice. Furthermore, these protective effects of DEX were abolished by yohimbine, an α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist. These results indicate that DEX is capable of ameliorating airway inflammation and remodeling in asthmatic mice, and this protective effect is associated with the inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Prediction of Flank Wear during Turning of EN8 Steel with Cutting Force Signals Using a Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Thangarasu S. K. , Mohanraj T. , Devendran K. , Rajalakshmi M. , Chowdhury Subrata , Gurusamy Saravanakumar
Published: February 2023

Currently, manufacturing industries focus on intelligent manufacturing. Prediction and monitoring of tool wear are essential in any material removal process, and implementation of a tool condition monitoring system (TCMS) is necessary. This work presents the flank wear prediction during the hard turning of EN8 steel using the deep learning (DL) algorithm. The turning operation is conducted with three levels of selected parameters. CNMG 120408 grade, TiN‐coated cemented carbide tool is used for turning. Cutting force and flank wear are assessed under dry‐cutting conditions. DL algorithms such as adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and convolutional auto encoder (CAE) are used to predict the flank wear of the single‐point cutting tool. The DL model is developed with turning parameters and cutting force to predict flank wear. The different ANFIS and CAE models are employed to develop the prediction model. Grid‐based ANFIS structure with Gauss membership function performed better than ANFIS models. The ANFIS model’s average testing error of 0.0074011 mm and prediction accuracy of 99.81% are achieved.
Clinical Observation of Anatomical and Visual Outcomes of Macular Hole after Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane Flap in Patients with Idiopathic Macular
Authors: Zhang Yunda , Li Jie , Yue Huifang , Gao Zhao , Ma Tao , Gao Xiaohong , Yuan Zhigang , Li Gaiyun , Zhang Ximei
Published: February 2023

Objective. To investigate anatomical and visual outcomes of macular hole (MH) after inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique for idiopathic macular hole (IMH). Methods. A total of 13 IMH cases diagnosed in Shanxi Eye Hospital between January 2015 and June 2016 were included in the study. All patients underwent vitrectomy combined with indocyanine green-assisted inverted ILM flap technique. The MH closure rate, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), changes of ellipsoid zone (EZ), and external limiting membrane (ELM) were examined before operation and one, three, and six months after operation. Furthermore, 488 nm fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were used to observe the dynamic changes in function of macular area after surgery. Results. One month after the surgery, the MH closure rate was 100% and the visual acuity (VA) was stable, with no recurrence. Additionally, the average logMAR BCVA before operation was 1.208 ± 0.158, and this value became 0.877 ± 0.105 one month after the operation, showing a significant decrease. Three months after surgery, the average logMAR BCVA was 0.792 ± 0.103, which was significantly lower than the level one month after the surgery but much higher than that six months after surgery (0.708 ± 0.131). Besides, the diameter of the EZ defect of the postoperative one month, three months, and six months was (1377.46 ± 198.65) μm, (964.62 ± 336.26) μm, and (817.08 ± 442.99) μm, respectively. In postoperative one month, three months, and six months, the diameter of the ELM defect diameter was (969.62 ± 189.92) μm, (649.92 ± 413.15) μm, and (557.62 ± 412.50) μm, respectively. The diameter of both EZ and ELM defects was significantly reduced with the passage of time after surgery. Conclusion. Inverted ILM flap technique can reconstruct macular anatomical structure and improve VA. This technique is effective for the treatment of IMH with large MH minimum diameter and base diameter.
Research on Angular Motion Characteristics and Stability of Trajectory‐Corrected Rocket Projectile with Isolated Rotating Tail Rudder
Authors: Wang Chen , Ding Libo , Feng Yang , Lu Tan
Published: February 2023

A trajectory‐corrected rocket projectile with an isolated rotating tail rudder provides a new concept for a low‐cost trajectory correction and guidance due to its simplified guidance principle. To study the angular motion characteristics of a trajectory‐corrected rocket projectile with an isolated rotating tail rudder under the action of a periodic control force, the angular motion differential equation described in the complex plane is derived based on the rigid body trajectory equation. Furthermore, the effects of the initial conditions, gravity, and an asymmetric tail on the flight stability of the projectile in an uncorrected trajectory state are studied. The critical rotational speed of the tail rudder, which makes the projectile unstable due to the Magnus moment, and the rotational speed of the tail rudder, which causes projectile resonance, are derived. The transient and steady‐state solutions of the angular motion of the projectile under trajectory correction and the variation law of the velocity direction for the projectile centroid are obtained. Finally, an example is given to verify the conclusions of this study. This research has important guiding significance for trajectory analysis, guidance control, and guidance law designs for isolated rotating rudder trajectory‐corrected rocket projectiles.
Nicotine Suppresses Phagocytic Ability of Macrophages by Regulating the miR‐296‐3p–SIRPα Axis
Authors: Liu Zhen , Wang Fang , Huang Xiaowu , Chen Zhi , Zhao Yicheng , Wang Yawei , Luo Xiaobo , Zhao Guanren
Published: February 2023

Phagocytic ability of macrophage is responsible for tuberculosis infection. Nicotine has been shown to attenuate the phagocytic ability of macrophage; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that nicotine increased the message RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) and enhanced the stability of SIRPα mRNA in macrophage. Nicotine decreased the expression of microRNA (miR)‐296‐3p, which directly targeted the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of SIRPα mRNA in macrophage. Furthermore, nicotine inhibited the phagocytic ability of macrophage by regulating the miR‐296‐3p–SIRPα axis. Moreover, nicotine decreased miR‐296‐3p expression via increasing c‐Myc expression in macrophage. Together, we found that nicotine attenuate the phagocytic ability of macrophage by regulating the c‐Myc‐miR‐296‐3p–SIRPα signal.
The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes in Tumor Development and Targeted Antitumor Therapies
Authors: Yang Enguang , Jing Suoshi , Wang Yuhan , Wang Hanzhang , Rodriguez Ronald , Wang Zhiping
Published: February 2023

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from various tissues in adults and differentiated into cells of the osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and myocytes. Recruitments of MSCs towards tumors have a crucial contribution to tumor development. However, the role of MSCs in the tumor microenvironment is uncertain. In addition, due to its tropism to the tumor and low immunogenic properties, more and more pieces of evidence indicate that MSCs may be an ideal carrier for antitumor biologics such as cytokines, chemotherapeutic agents, and oncolytic viruses. Here, we review the existing knowledge on the anti- and protumorigenic effect of MSCs and their extracellular vesicles and exosomes, the role of MSCs, and their extracellular vesicles and exosomes as antitumor vectors.
Numerical Studies on Bow Waves in Intense Laser-Plasma Interaction
Authors: Ning Li , Jie Mu , Fancun Kong , Pikuz Sergey
Published: February 2023

Laser-driven wakefield acceleration (LWFA) has attracted lots of attention in recent years. However, few writers have been able to make systematic research into the bow waves generated along with the wake waves. Research about the bow waves will help to improve the understanding about the motion of the electrons near the wake waves. In addition, the relativistic energetic electron density peaks have great potential in electron acceleration and reflecting flying mirrors. In this paper, the bow waves generated in laser-plasma interactions as well as the effects of different laser and plasma parameters are investigated. Multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations are made to present the wake waves and bow waves by showing the electron density and momentum distribution as well as the electric field along x and y directions. The evolution of the bow wave structure is investigated by measuring the open angle between the bow wave and the wake wave cavity. The angle as well as the peak electron density and transverse momentum is demonstrated with respect to different laser intensities, spot sizes, plasma densities, and preplasma lengths. The density peak emits high-order harmonics up to 150 orders and can be a new kind of “flying mirror” to generate higher order harmonics. The study on the bow waves is important for further investigation on the electron motion around the wake waves, generation of dense electron beams, generation of high-order harmonics, and other research and applications based on the bow waves.
G-Quadruplex Structures Are Key Modulators of Somatic Structural Variants in Cancers
Authors: Zhang Rongxin , Shu Huiling , Wang Yuqi , Tao Tiantong , Tu Jing , Wang Cheng , Mergny Jean-Louis , Sun Xiao
Published: February 2023

G-quadruplexes (G4) are noncanonical secondary genome structures. Aberrant formation of G4s can impair genome integrity. Investigation of the relationship between G4s and somatic structural variants (SV) in cancers could provide a better understanding of the role of G4 formation in cancer development and progression. In this study, we combined bioinformatic approaches and multiomics data to investigate the connection between G4s and the somatic SVs. Somatic SV breakpoints were significantly enriched in G4 regions, regardless of SV subtypes. This enrichment was only observed in regions demonstrated to form G4s in cells (“active quadruplexes”), rather than in regions with a sequence compatible with G4 formation but without confirmed G4 formation (“potential quadruplexes”). Several genomic features affected the connection between G4s and SVs, with the enrichment being notably strengthened at the boundary of topologically associated domains. Somatic breakpoints were also preferentially associated with G4 regions with earlier replication timing and open chromatin status. In patients with cancer with homologous recombination repair defects, G4s and somatic breakpoints were substantially more strongly associated. Machine learning models were constructed that showed that G4 propensity is a potent feature for predicting the density of SV breakpoints. Altogether, these findings suggest that the G4 structures play a critical role in modulating the production of somatic SVs in cancers.

Significance:

G-quadruplex structure formation constitutes a critical step in the production of somatic structural variants in cancers, suggesting G-quadruplex structures as potential targets for future cancer prevention and treatment strategies.
Priorities to Promote Participant Engagement in the Participant Engagement and Cancer Genome Sequencing (PE-CGS) Network
Authors: Schuster Anne LR. , Crossnohere Norah L. , Bachini Melinda , Blair Cindy K. , Carpten John D. , Claus Elizabeth B. , Colditz Graham A. , Ding Li , Drake Bettina F. , Fields Ryan C. , Janeway Katherine A. , Kwan Bethany M. , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Ma Qin , Mishra Shiraz I. , Paskett Electra D. , Rebbeck Timothy R. , Ricker Charité , Stern Mariana C. , Sussman Andrew L. , Tiner Jessica C. , Trent Jeffrey M. , Verhaak Roel GW. , Wagle Nikhil , Willman Cheryl , Bridges John FP. ,   for the Participant Engagement and Cancer Genome Sequencing (PE-CGS) Network
Published: February 2023

Background:

Engaging diverse populations in cancer genomics research is of critical importance and is a fundamental goal of the NCI Participant Engagement and Cancer Genome Sequencing (PE-CGS) Network. Established as part of the Cancer Moonshot, PE-CGS is a consortium of stakeholders including clinicians, scientists, genetic counselors, and representatives of potential study participants and their communities. Participant engagement is an ongoing, bidirectional, and mutually beneficial interaction between study participants and researchers. PE-CGS sought to set priorities in participant engagement for conducting the network's research.

Methods:

PE-CGS deliberatively engaged its stakeholders in the following four-phase process to set the network's research priorities in participant engagement: (i) a brainstorming exercise to elicit potential priorities; (ii) a 2-day virtual meeting to discuss priorities; (iii) recommendations from the PE-CGS External Advisory Panel to refine priorities; and (iv) a virtual meeting to set priorities.

Results:

Nearly 150 PE-CGS stakeholders engaged in the process. Five priorities were set: (i) tailor education and communication materials for participants throughout the research process; (ii) identify measures of participant engagement; (iii) identify optimal participant engagement strategies; (iv) understand cancer disparities in the context of cancer genomics research; and (v) personalize the return of genomics findings to participants.

Conclusions:

PE-CGS is pursuing these priorities to meaningfully engage diverse and underrepresented patients with cancer and posttreatment cancer survivors as participants in cancer genomics research and, subsequently, generate new discoveries.

Impact:

Data from PE-CGS will be shared with the broader scientific community in a manner consistent with participant informed consent and community agreement.
Comparative Analysis of the Humoral Immune Response to the EBV Proteome across EBV-Related Malignancies
Authors: Argirion Ilona , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Proietti Carla , Coghill Anna E. , Yu Kelly J. , Middeldorp Jaap M. , Sarathkumara Yomani D. , Hsu Wan-Lun , Chien Yin-Chu , Lou Pei-Jen , Wang Cheng-Ping , Rothman Nathaniel , Lan Qing , Chen Chien-Jen , Mbulaiteye Sam M. , Jarrett Ruth F. , Glimelius Ingrid , Smedby Karin E. , Hjalgrim Henrik , Hildesheim Allan , Doolan Denise L. , Liu Zhiwei
Published: February 2023

Background:

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is linked to multiple cancers, including classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL).

Methods:

Anti-EBV IgG and IgA antibody responses targeting 202 sequences from 86 EBV proteins were measured using the same EBV whole proteome array across four case–control studies investigating EBV-positive cHL, eBL, NPC, and NKTCL (407 cases/620 controls). We grouped EBV-targeted antibodies into pathways by immunoglobulin type (IgA and IgG) and life-cycle stage (latent, immediate early lytic, early lytic, late lytic, and glycoprotein) and evaluated their association with each cancer type. In an additional analysis, we focused on the subset of 46 individual antibodies representing the top candidates for each cancer and compared their associations across the four cancer types using multivariable linear regression models.

Results:

IgA antibody responses targeting all EBV life-cycle stages were associated with NPC but limited to anti-early lytic stage for cHL. NPC and eBL were associated with IgG antibodies across the viral life cycle; cHL with antibodies in the early lytic, late lytic and glycoprotein stages; and NKTCL with antibodies in the latent, immediate early lytic and early lytic phases. EBNA3A, BBLF1, BDLF4, and BLRF2 IgG antibodies were associated with all cancer types.

Conclusions:

Our observed similarities and differences across four EBV-associated cancers may inform EBV-related oncogenesis.

Impact:

Understanding the comparative humoral immune response across EBV-related cancers may aid in identifying shared etiologic roles of EBV proteins and inform unique pathogenic processes for each cancer.
Activation of the JAK/STAT Pathway Leads to BRAF Inhibitor Resistance in BRAFV600E Positive Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Limberg Jessica , Egan Caitlin E. , Gray Katherine D. , Singh Mandeep , Loewenstein Zachary , Yang Yanping , Riascos Maria Cristina , Al Asadi Hala , Safe Parima , El Eshaky Steve , Liang Heng , Ullmann Timothy M. , Wang Weibin , Li Wei , Zhang Tuo , Xiang Jenny , Stefanova Dessislava , Jin Moonsoo M. , Zarnegar Rasa , Fahey Thomas J. , Min Irene M.
Published: February 2023

A subset of thyroid cancers, recurrent differentiated thyroid cancers and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), are difficult to treat by thyroidectomy and systemic therapy. A common mutation in thyroid cancer, BRAFV600E, has targetable treatment options; however, the results have been disappointing in thyroid cancers compared with BRAFV600E melanoma, as thyroid cancers quickly become resistant to BRAFV600E inhibitor (BRAFi). Here, we studied the molecular pathway that is induced in BRAFV600E thyroid cancer cells and patient-derived tumor samples in response to BRAFi, vemurafenib, using RNA-sequencing and molecular analysis. Both inducible response to BRAFi and acquired BRAFi resistance in BRAFV600E thyroid cancer cells showed significant activation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Functional analyses revealed that the combination of BRAFi and inhibitors of JAK/STAT pathway controlled BRAFV600E thyroid cancer cell growth. The Cancer Genome Atlas data analysis demonstrated that potent activation of the JAK/STAT signaling was associated with shorter recurrence rate in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Analysis of tumor RNA expression in patients with poorly differentiated thyroid cancer and ATC also support that enhanced activity of JAK/STAT signaling pathway is correlated with worse prognosis. Our study demonstrates that JAK/STAT pathway is activated as BRAFV600E thyroid cancer cells develop resistance to BRAFi and that this pathway is a potential target for anticancer activity and to overcome drug resistance that commonly develops to treatment with BRAFi in thyroid cancer.

Implications:

Dual inhibition of BRAF and JAK/STAT signaling pathway is a potential therapeutic treatment for anticancer activity and to overcome drug resistance to BRAFi in thyroid cancer.
Autoantibodies Drive Heart Damage Caused by Concomitant Radiation and PD-1 Blockade
Authors: Yan Bo , Hooper D. Craig , Yuan Zhiyong , Wang Changli , Chen Yulong , Lu Bo
Published: February 2023

Concurrent PD-1 blockade and thoracic radiotherapy is being investigated in clinical trials for locally advanced, non–small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer, despite a potential overlapping risk of cardiotoxicity. Our prior studies demonstrate that cardiotoxicity from concurrent cardiac irradiation and anti–PD-1 administration in a mouse model is CD8+ T-cell dependent. The objective of this study was to determine whether humoral immunity contributed to the observed cardiac tissue damage, as measured by creatine kinase MB and cardiac troponin 1 release and decline in cardiac function. In the current study, we demonstrate the presence of cardiac autoantibodies, which were essential for the occurrence of cardiotoxicity from the combined therapy. Mice subjected to cardiac irradiation, while being treated with anti–PD-1, developed high levels of antibodies that reacted with cardiac tissues in vivo and cardiac antigens in vitro. Moreover, mice deficient in B cells were protected against cardiotoxicity, whereas the transfer of autoantibody-containing sera from mice that had received combined treatment reproduced the same pathologic phenotype in mice exposed to cardiac irradiation but was not observed in normal recipients. The cardiotoxic effect of the sera, which associated with CD8+ T-cell accumulation in cardiac tissue, was limited by IgG depletion. In conclusion, concurrent cardiac irradiation and PD-1 blockade leads to production of cardiac autoantibodies, likely due to antigen exposure within the irradiated cardiac tissues, which play a key role in the resulting cardiotoxicity.
Tumor-derived GCSF Alters Tumor and Systemic Immune System Cell Subset Composition and Signaling
Authors: Matos Israel , Barvalia Maunish , Chehal Manreet K. , Robertson A. Gordon , Kulic Iva , Silva Jessica A.F.D. , Ranganathan Abhinandan , Short Amy , Huang Yu-Hsuan , Long Erin , Priatel John J. , Dhanji Salim , Nelson Brad H. , Krebs Danielle L. , Harder Kenneth W.
Published: February 2023

While immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive T-cell therapy improve survival for a subset of human malignancies, many patients fail to respond. Phagocytes including dendritic cells (DC), monocytes, and macrophages (MF) orchestrate innate and adaptive immune responses against tumors. However, tumor-derived factors may limit immunotherapy effectiveness by altering phagocyte signal transduction, development, and activity. Using Cytometry by Time-of-Flight, we found that tumor-derived GCSF altered myeloid cell distribution both locally and systemically. We distinguished a large number of GCSF-induced immune cell subset and signal transduction pathway perturbations in tumor-bearing mice, including a prominent increase in immature neutrophil/myeloid-derived suppressor cell (Neut/MDSC) subsets and tumor-resident PD-L1+ Neut/MDSCs. GCSF expression was also linked to distinct tumor-associated MF populations, decreased conventional DCs, and splenomegaly characterized by increased splenic progenitors with diminished DC differentiation potential. GCSF-dependent dysregulation of DC development was recapitulated in bone marrow cultures in vitro, using medium derived from GCSF-expressing tumor cell cultures. Importantly, tumor-derived GCSF impaired T-cell adoptive cell therapy effectiveness and was associated with increased tumor volume and diminished survival of mice with mammary cancer. Treatment with neutralizing anti-GCSF antibodies reduced colonic and circulatory Neut/MDSCs, normalized colonic immune cell composition and diminished tumor burden in a spontaneous model of mouse colon cancer. Analysis of human colorectal cancer patient gene expression data revealed a significant correlation between survival and low GCSF and Neut/MDSC gene expression. Our data suggest that normalizing GCSF bioactivity may improve immunotherapy in cancers associated with GCSF overexpression.

Significance:

Tumor-derived GCSF leads to systemic immune population changes. GCSF blockade restores immune populations, improves immunotherapy, and reduces tumor size, paralleling human colorectal cancer data. GCSF inhibition may synergize with current immunotherapies to treat GCSF-secreting tumors.
Cutaneous Manifestations of Sarcoidosis Seen in a Patient with a History of Tuberous Sclerosis
Authors: Bernacki Seth , Dodia Paarth , Muse Mikel Elizabeth , Maxfield Luke
Published: February 2023

This case report details a patient with a history of tuberous sclerosis presenting with new-onset cutaneous lesions that turn out to be sarcoidosis. There may be a shared dysfunction of mTOR present in sarcoidosis and tuberous sclerosis. As a dermatologist, it is worth understanding the cutaneous manifestations of both diseases and maintaining a wide differential when new lesions arise in a patient with a history of either disorder.
Revision of Vertical Banded Gastroplasty to Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass with 2 Years of Follow-Up
Authors: Khalil Medhat Mohamed Helmy , Behairy Gad , Farrag Ahmed , Elbarbary Mohab G.
Published: February 2023

Background: Due to weight regain and GIT symptoms associated with vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG), revisional surgery is necessary. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is one of the best options as a revision procedure but comes with a high complication rate. Methods: This prospective study included 80 patients undergoing RYGB surgery at Ain Shams University Hospitals after failed VBG surgery, with up to 2 years of follow-up. Results: Eighty patients underwent RYGB correction after VBG. The mean age was 42 ± 6.45 (39–58) years and the mean preoperative body mass index was 45.46 ± 4.135 (38–55) kg/m2. The median length of hospital stay for the patients was 4.78 ± 1.84 days. The early postoperative complication rate was 8.7% and the reoperation rate within 30 days was 3.75%, with no mortality. Leakage and bowel injury were detected in 2 patients. After an average follow-up of 2 years, the percentage of EWL was 64.47 ± 19.3, and complete resolution of VBG-related GIT symptoms was achieved in approximately all patients. Late complications occurred in 7.5% of patients, of whom 3.75% required surgery. Conclusion: Conversion to RYGB is feasible with a limited short-term complication and reoperation rate; long-term results show a nearly complete resolution of VBG-related symptoms and a statistically significant positive impact on weight loss.
Patterns of Care and Survival in Cancer Patients with Brain Metastases Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Nieder Carsten , Mannsåker Bård , Stanisavljevic Luka , Haukland Ellinor
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become a mainstay of treatment for different cancer types. The purpose of this study was to evaluate patterns of care and overall survival (OS) after diagnosis of brain metastases in patients managed with ICI as component of care. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. Fifty patients were included (34 with brain metastases at first cancer diagnosis, 16 with metachronous spread). Results: Depending on symptoms, lesion number and size, and other individualized criteria, multidisciplinary tumor (MDT) board discussion resulted in highly individualized treatment sequences. Selected patients received systemic treatment alone. Twenty-four patients (48%) had any stereotactic radiosurgery or neurosurgical resection at some point in time (upfront/salvage). Only 7 patients (14%) were never treated with brain irradiation or neurosurgery. Median OS was 13.0 months. Better Karnofsky performance status, absence of extracranial metastases, and time interval between cancer diagnosis and brain metastases of 0–18 months predicted for improved survival. Treatment sequence was not associated with survival. Patients without extracranial metastases had median OS of 52.2 months. Conclusion: Long-term survival is possible in patients managed with ICI ± brain-directed treatment. This study did not identify a clear treatment sequence of choice. MDT assessment at diagnosis and each progression is recommended to ensure favorable outcomes.
Post-COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome-Related Cerebral Infarction in a Pediatric Patient Managed with Decompressive Craniectomy
Authors: Morgan Ryan D. , Collins Reagan A. , Nagy Laszlo
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Most people who are infected with the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) are asymptomatic or present with mild upper respiratory symptoms. This is especially true in the pediatric population; however, rarely, a massive cytokine storm can develop, causing multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID (MIS-C). Furthermore, children may also suffer from acute ischemic strokes secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Case Presentation: Here, we present a 2-year-old male who was admitted to the hospital with MIS-C and evidence of a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. On postadmission day 2, the patient was in cardiogenic shock, had acute kidney injury, liver dysfunction, and metabolic acidosis. He had concurrent altered mental status, and his computed tomography scan showed ischemic infarcts in the territory of the right middle cerebral artery and superior cerebellar artery bilaterally. Magnetic resonance angiography confirmed occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery and right superior cerebellar artery. He underwent an emergent decompressive craniectomy due to rapid deterioration and cerebral edema. After the procedure, he continued to improve and was discharged with moderate disability that improved during outpatient rehab. Conclusion: Though rare in children, SARS-CoV-2 can lead to AIS, especially in the presence of underlying risk factors such as MIS-C and hypercoagulopathy. AIS can be associated with severe mortality and morbidity; however, even in this severe case of AIS, the patient was successfully treated with a decompressive craniectomy.
Hyperarousal Symptom Severity in Women with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Might Be Associated with LINE-1 Hypomethylation in Childhood Sexual Abuse Victims
Authors: Carvalho Carolina Muniz , Coimbra Bruno Messina , Bugiga Amanda , Marques Diogo Ferri , Kiyomi Ota Vanessa , Mello Andrea Feijó , Mello Marcelo Feijó , Belangero Sintia Iole
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Sexual assault and a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) development. Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1) are transposable elements, and their methylation is used to infer DNA global methylation. DNA methylation can be affected by trauma exposition which in turn would be associated with PTSD. Thus, we investigated if the LINE-1 methylation pattern is related to PTSD symptoms in females with a history of CSA. Methods: This is a case-control study that examined, at baseline (W1), 64 women victims of sexual assault diagnosed with PTSD and 31 patients with PTSD who completed the 1-year follow-up (W2). Participants were categorized into two groups according to the presence of CSA (PTSDCSA+: NW1 = 19, NW2 = 10; PTSDCSA-: NW1 = 45, NW2 = 21). PTSD symptoms (re-experiencing, avoidance, hyperarousal, alterations in cognition/mood) were assessed using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, and the history of CSA was assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. LINE-1 methylation was measured in three sites (CpG1, CpG2, CpG3) located in the 5’UTR region using bisulfite conversion followed by pyrosequencing. Linear regression models were performed to test the relation between LINE-1 CpG sites methylation and PTSD symptoms. Results: We found a negative association between CpG2 methylation and hyperarousal symptoms among those in the PTSDCSA+ group in W1 (adjusted p = 0.003) compared to the PTSDCSA- group (p > 0.05). Still, no association was observed between other PTSD symptoms and other CpG sites. Further, in the longitudinal analysis, LINE-1 hypomethylation was no longer observed in PTSD participants exposed to CSA. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that LINE-1 methylation may help understand the relationship between trauma and PTSD. However, more studies are needed to investigate LINE-1 as an epigenetic marker of psychiatric disorders.
Periódicos brasileiros de turismo (1990-2018): avaliação de sua estrutura intelectual por meio de acoplamento bibliográfico
Authors: Köhler André Fontan , Digiampietri Luciano Antonio
Published: February 2023

A pesquisa avalia a estrutura intelectual de 16 periódicos brasileiros de turismo, por meio de acoplamento bibliográfico (revistas científicas). Isso contemplou a citação e cocitação de referências de 3.887 artigos, totalizando 108.595 entradas. Objetiva-se apresentar um panorama desta estrutura intelectual, analisar o ranking de periódicos mais citados, e “mapear” a estrutura intelectual, por meio de acoplamento bibliográfico. Verifica-se o contínuo aumento da média e mediana de referências por artigo e o expressivo crescimento dos artigos de periódico em sua composição. Isso faz com que o acoplamento bibliográfico revele, crescentemente, a estrutura intelectual. O ranking revela o domínio dos principais periódicos internacionais de turismo e de alguns dos periódicos selecionados pela pesquisa. Distinguem-se Tourism Management, Annals of Tourism Research, Turismo em Análise, Revista Turismo – Visão e Ação e Journal of Travel Research como os principais periódicos. A rede é composta pelos seguintes agrupamentos: a) Agrupamento 4: ocupa o centro da rede e é formado, predominantemente, por revistas internacionais de turismo de alto impacto, secundadas por títulos de administração, hospitalidade e marketing; b) Agrupamento 1 (16 periódicos): conta com dez periódicos pertencentes ao objeto de estudo da pesquisa, e apresenta certo caráter periférico, em relação ao Agrupamento 4; c) Agrupamento 2 (sete periódicos): menor e mais periférico da rede, é composto, exclusivamente, por revistas de administração; e d) Agrupamento 3: os periódicos de marketing e hospitalidade formam seu núcleo, secundados pelos de administração e serviços. Como principais lacunas na estrutura intelectual, esperava-se encontrar mais periódicos de ciências sociais e de lazer.
Virtual production in The Lion King (2019): formal and stylistics presentation
Authors: Glotov Sergei
Published: February 2023

Disney’s The Lion King (2019), directed by Jon Favreau, was produced using virtual production technologies such as filming within a virtual space. While the virtual production of The Lion King (2019) has been described in journalistic articles, as well as in a few academic papers, there was hardly any discussion on the impact that the technology had on the film itself. Using the neoformalist film analysis, this study critically examines how the virtual production of The Lion King (2019) influences its formal and stylistic presentation.
AIR: ambientes imersivos, interativos e inteligentes em rede
Authors: Oliveira Andreia Machado , Camargo Matheus Moreno dos Santos
Published: February 2023

O projeto AIR, desenvolvido no LabInter/UFSM pelo gpc.interartec/CNPq, investiga processos de interatividade e imersividade por meio da produção de ambientes sensíveis e responsivos, na busca de construção de redes de arte e tecnologia. As propostas artísticas desenvolvidas envolvem práticas colaborativas entre artistas locais e globais, apresentando em múltiplos meios e formatos. AIR 2021 consolida-se como metaterritórios em Realidade Virtual na plataforma Sansar. Fundamentam-se tais propostas com os teóricos da media art: Edmond Couchot, Oliver Grau, Claudia Giannetti, Gilbert Simondon, entre outros.
Interações entre as linguagens de arte/mídia partir da RV-Realidade Virtual e RA-Realidade Aumentada
Authors: Bidarra José , Oliva Rodrigo
Published: February 2023

Este estudo amplia o debate sobre os processos que emergem da confluência entre as linguagens artísticas e das mídias, a partir dos recursos de Realidade Virtual e Realidade Aumentada, expandindo o painel traçado por Pierre Lévy, Marshal McLuhan, Vilém Flusser e Lev Manovich. Artistas, como Björk, vem explorando e se aproximando de tal perspectiva com o intuito de criar novas formas que reconfiguram os espaços de interação arte, jogos e media digitais. Este estudo reflete sobre como estes caminhos vêm desenhando novas arquiteturas e formas de confluência que colocam sujeitos e suas percepções em diálogo com tecnologias de inovação.
Leptochilus ornithopus (Polypodiaceae), a new hemiepiphytic fern species from central highlands of Vietnam
Authors: FUJIWARA TAO , QUANG BUI HONG , TAGANE SHUICHIRO , MURAKAMI NORIAKI , OGURI EMIKO
Published: February 2023

Leptochilus ornithopus T. Fujiw. & B.H. Quang (Polypodiaceae, Polypodiales) is described as a new species, based on integrated evidence from phylogenetic and morphological examinations. The new species is most similar to L. digitatus and L. longipes but distinguished from both by its having ovate rhizome scales, narrowly cuneate and gradually reduced lamina base, narrowly lanceolate lateral lobes of lamina which are widest at proximal 1/3 or base, and the sori at an angle of 31–38(–40) degree with the midrib.
Morphological and molecular data reveal a new species of Amanita section Vaginatae (Amanitaceae) from India
Authors: KUMAR ANIL , VERMA KOMAL , GOSH ANIKET , MEHMOOD TAHIR
Published: February 2023

Amanita sharmae, a new species of A. sect. vaginatae is described from India based on 2-gene phylogenetic analyses and morphological data. It is characterized by a small to medium-sized basidiomata, dark grey to olive grey pileus, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid basidiospores (10‒14 × 7‒10 μm), the presence of clamp connections, and its occurrence under Abies pindrow and Picea smithiana in coniferous forest.
Ant type specimens (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in the collection of Volodymyr Opanasovych Karawajew. Communication 1. Dorylinae, Poneromorpha and Pseudomyrmecinae
Authors: RADCHENKO ALEXANDER G. , FISHER BRIAN L. , ESTEVES FLAVIA A. , MARTYNOVA EKATERYNA V. , BAZHENOVA TATYANA N. , LASARENKO SVETLANA N.
Published: February 2023

The collection of Volodymyr Opanasovych Karawajew, stored at the Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (SIZK, Kiev), is one of the richest ant collections of the world. It contains more than 20,000 dry mounted specimens, collected mostly in Southeast Asia and the Palaearctic, as well as in the Afrotropics, Australia, and North and South America. Among them, we found type specimens of 509 taxa, described by Karawajew and other myrmecologists. The compiled Catalogue includes data on types of 80 taxa belonging to the subfamilies Dorylinae, Amblyoponinae, Ectatomminae, Ponerinae, Proceratiinae and Pseudomyrmecinae.
Digital Microfluidic Chip Electrode Based on Inkjet Printing
Authors: Zhou Yingmei
Published: February 2023

Inkjet Printing technology has become one of digital microfluidic chips (DMF) making methods. The inkjet printing has its advantage of simplicity, rapidity, flexibility, high resolution, ink thickness controllability and high efficiency. In this paper, DMF electrode structure and many
layers such as electrode shape, electrode guide line, contact angle and hydrophobic were analyzed, and the printing suitability and the requirement were discussed. In addition, the experimental measured the droplet movement and showed the data reference for further research. We investigated
the relationship between the contact angle and driven voltages, the droplet split time of the various rate of the droplet and electrode size based on AgNWs conductive printed electrodes. We tested the electrodes guide line on single layer and performed the perfect relationship of inkjet printing
method with AgNWs ink between electrode unit and droplet size for functional electronics.
InAs/GaSb Superlattice-Based Photodiodes with pπMn Structure for Bias-Selectable Mid/Long Wave Dual-Color Infrared Response
Authors: Guo Jie , Wu Dong-Mei , Ma Xiao-Le , Zhang Chao , Sun Li-cun , Jiang Dong-Wei , Wang Guo-Wei , Xu Ying-Qiang , Niu Zhi-Chuan
Published: February 2023

We demonstrate the bias-selectable mid- or long-wave infrared detectors composed by back-to-back pin-nip diodes with “M” barrier inserted in two diodes to suppress the dark current. Mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) active region (π layer)
are composed by 8 ML/8 ML and 12.5 ML/7 ML InAs/GaSb superlattices. The cutoff wavelength is 4.8 μm under forward bias called MWIR channel and expands to 10 μm under reverse bias called LWIR channels. The responsivities are 0.27 A/W at 4.2 μm at forward 300 mV
bias, while 0.31 A/W at 9 μm at reverse 400 mV bias at 77 K. The dependence of the response on the bias is due to the competition of the built-in electric field from the two junctions. The current–voltage curve and the quantum efficiency were measured at 77 K. The dark current
densities are 22.7×10−5 A/cm2 and 4.51×10−2 A/cm2 for two channels under different bias. The peak detectivity of MWIR diode is calculated to 2.0×1012 cm·Hz1/2/W at 4.2 μm and 1.0×1010
cm·Hz1/2/W at 9 μm for LWIR channel.
A Millimeter-Wave Y-Shaped Circulator Based on Magneto Photonic Crystals
Authors: Xu Biaogang , Zhang Dengguo , Wang Yong , He Wenlong
Published: February 2023

In this paper, a millimeter-wave Y-shaped circulator based on magneto photonic crystals is demonstrated. The triangular lattice photonic crystal with Y-shaped line defect waveguide is constructed by Al2O3 ceramic posts. The magneto-optical cavity resonator in the
junction of Y-shaped waveguide consists of two cylindrical ferrites and two triangular metal pedestals. The transmission characteristics of the circulator experimented under the external magnetic bias H0 = 300 Gs. In working frequency range 24∼28 GHz the isolation of circulator
is better than 20 dB, and the best insertion loss is as low as 0.2 dB. The experimented results are well agreed with the simulation results.