bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration of Stacked Ensemble Models for Bitcoin Price Prediction Using Diverse Look-Back Windows
Authors: Ingale Omkar
Published: June 2023

This research paper presents a stacked ensemble model for next day Bitcoin price prediction, incorporating diverse look-back windows and evaluating the performance of various models within the ensemble framework using metrics like Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). The base layer, layer-0, comprises LSTM and GRU models with different look-back windows. The layer-1 models, including CNN, SVR, Linear Regression, Random Forest Regressor, LSTM, and KNN, are tested individually in conjunction with the base layer models. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the stacked ensemble approach, improving prediction accuracy. The comparative analysis provides insights into the strengths and weaknesses of each model, aiding in the identification of optimized combinations for Bitcoin price prediction. This research contributes to the field by showcasing the value of diverse look-back windows and evaluating models in a stacked ensemble framework, enhancing the accuracy of Bitcoin price forecasting.
KARAKTERISTIK SEORANG PEMIMPIN DALAM MENGATUR WAKTU YANG EFEKTIF SERTA EFISIEN
Authors: Amelia Dean Putri
Published: June 2023

Seorang pemimpin harus dapat mengatur waktunya dengan baik, karena kualitas suatu kelompok dapat terlihat dari kualitas pemimpin itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa saja yang perlu diperhatikan dalam time management serta mengetahui karakteristik seorang pemimpin dalam mengatur waktu. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat kepada pembaca dalam hal manajemen waktu terutama bagi seorang pemimpin. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam time management adalah Evaluasi, Rencana dan Prioritas, Eliminasi pencurian waktu, Delegasi, Katakan tidak, dan Rehat. Kemudian karakteristik seorang pemimpin yaitu dapat menggerakkan dirinya sendiri dan orang lain serta mempunyai sebuah potensi atau hal-hal yang terbaik dari mulai dalam dirinya dan harus dimunculkan ke sebuah permukaan.
Ujian Akhir Semester Ilmu Politik dan Pendidikan IPS
Authors: Akbar Faisal
Published: June 2023

1. Mengapa kekuasaan diperlukan untuk mempengaruhi kebijakan politik. Uraikan bagaimana pendapat Anda.2. Jelaskan menurut pandangan anda tentang perkembangan Dinamika Demokrasi yang ada di Indonesia.3. Uraikan bagaimana hubungan antara politik dengan pendidikan.4. Silakan pilih 1 tulisan di google scholar MZA Anis Anis dan Muhammad Adhitya Hidayat Putra (masing-masing 1), kemudian kutip dan korelasikan dengan materi politik disertakan contoh konkrit!5. Sebutkan dan Jelaskan sejarah etika protestan menurut anda dan sertakan sumber.
State-Level Multidimensional Agricultural Drought Susceptibility and Risk Assessment for Agriculturally Prominent Areas
Authors: Islam S M Samiul , Yeşilköy Serhan , Baydaroğlu Özlem , Yildirim Enes , Demir Ibrahim
Published: June 2023

Due to the shifting climate, extreme events are being observed more frequently globally. Drought is one of the most common natural hazards that severely impacts communities in terms of economic losses and agricultural production disruption. Considering global trade, drought in an agricultural region affects the food security in other regions because of disrupted supply. Decision-makers often consult susceptibility maps when preparing mitigation plans so that the adverse impacts of a drought event can be reduced. Creating drought susceptibility maps can be demanding, requiring a lot of data (i.e., hydrological and land use), expertise, and thorough assessment to accurately picture a vulnerable region’s condition. The process also relies on complex hydrological and hydrometeorological models. The objective of this investigation is to examine the vulnerability and impact of drought and formulate maps of drought susceptibility, exposure, and risk by considering a multitude of atmospheric, physical and social indicators. Subsequent to this notion, a fuzzy logic algorithm has been devised by assigning a comprehensive array of weights to each parameter derived from an exhaustive literature review and used for a preliminary investigation for the state of Iowa. This state is located in the Corn Belt region, and its primary economic activity is agriculture. Drought susceptibility maps for the state of Iowa have been generated for the period spanning from 2015 to 2021 and validated using the Kappa coefficient. The produced drought susceptibility maps can support drought mitigation plans and decisions for communities in Iowa.
On the Further De-Centering of Neuronormativity: Psychological Contact to Meet the Therapeutic Needs of Persons on the Autism Spectrum
Authors: Bolton Matthew J.
Published: June 2023

Building upon work presented elsewhere in this special issue of The Person-Centered Journal, focused on matters of power, pathology, and liberation, I write here on the role played by psychological contact in fostering relational activism. Specifically, I advocate from an autistic, lived-experience position that psychological contact engenders relational activism via unconditional positive regard, and discuss ways in which these processes can assist in the meeting of autistic and wider neurodivergent needs in therapy.
Once and Again: Repeated viewing affects judgments of spontaneity and preparation
Authors: Donnelly Kristin , Ryan William , Nelson Leif D.
Published: June 2023

Reality is fleeting; any moment can only be experienced once. Re-watching a video, on the other hand, allows people to repeatedly observe the exact same moment. We propose that people apply their understanding of repetition in the real world to the replay context, failing to fully distinguish behavior that they merely observe again (through video replay) from that behavior being performed again in the exact same way. Nine experiments (N = 7,419) support this idea across a broad assortment of stimuli including auditions, commercials, public speeches, and evidence in a murder trial. We find re-watching makes videotaped behavior appear more rehearsed and less spontaneous, as if the actor in the replayed video were precisely repeating the same actions, which inadvertently shapes judgments in contexts ranging from mundane to consequential. Understanding how a video will influence its viewer requires considering not only its content, but how often it is viewed.
Dopuszczalność pozwania pracownika z państwa trzeciego przed sądem polskim na podstawie przepisów rozporządzenia nr 1215/2012 oraz kodeksu postępowania cywilnego
Authors: Torbus Andrzej
Published: June 2023

The EU Regulation 1215/2012, as well as the Polish civil procedural law regarding individual employment relationships are employee-interest oriented. The employee’s domicile is a specific form of privilege on the level of the national jurisdiction regulations establishing international competence of national courts. The domicile provides effective protection for the employee in case of a potential dispute with an employer,who initiates the proceedings. Unfortunately, neither the Regulation 1215/2012 nor the Polish civil procedural law provides for equivalent protection for a third state employee (an employee from outside the EU) compared to an employee domiciled in Poland. The paper argues that despite a one-sided regulation, suing a third state employee before a Polish court is in principle impermissible. When applying the objective criterion to determine whether there is a national jurisdiction to hear the case, the court should consider the need to protect the employee and his or her legitimate interests. The author posits that the employee’s interest constitutes a legal basis for assessing whether in the proceedings before a Polish court — as forum conveniens — it is possible to safeguard the rights of a weaker party of a particular legal relationship. If a choice of court agreement was concluded, suing a third state employee before a Polish court will not be possible. This is because the prorogation agreement is subject to Article 23 of the Regulation 1215/2012. This provision requires that for the prorogation of jurisdiction to be effective, the employee, as party to an agreement, must be domiciled in one of the Member States.
Transgraniczne przekształcenia (zmiana formy prawnej) spółek w prawie prywatnym międzynarodowym — zagadnienia wybrane
Authors: Wowerka Arkadiusz
Published: June 2023

This paper delas with the selected issues of cross-border conversions of companies in private international law. Conversion is one of the forms of transformations of companies. The basic form of cross-border transformations mostly used by companies are mergers. However, as evidenced in particular by the judgment of the Court of Justice in the case of Polbud, also the change of the legal form is an institution of interest and present in the practice of cross-border activities of companies. In the foreground are the conflict of laws issues arising under private international law, in particular the question of the law applicable to the cross-border change of the company’s legal form. In order to answer this question, a definition of a conversion under the private international law has been provided. A cross-border conversion of a company must be distinguished from a cross-border transfer of the seat of the company as a connecting factor, as they are two completely different operations governed by different conflict-of-law rules of private international law. In the case of Polbud, there are serious doubts as to whether there was a cross-border conversion or cross-border transfer of the company’s seat. The law applicable to cross-border conversions is determined on the basis of the principle of combination or unification of the personal statutes of the state of the exit form and the state of the intended form of the company. Under this principle, however, the application of both legal systems is problematic. Useful guidelines are provided by the model expressed in art. 86c in connection with art. 86q of the directive on certain aspects of company law. The scope of application of the law applicable to cross-border conversions is determined by both leges societatis in question. Cross-border conversion operations also arise qualification problems related to issues such as the protection of creditors, minority shareholders and employees. The harmonized substantive provisions of the directive on certain aspects of company law make it easier to carry out cross-border conversions in the European dimension. The existence of such harmonized norms removes the barriers resulting from the applicable substantive law based on various principles and rules and makes the conflict-of-law issues then practically of secondary importance.
Spadek po Emilii: studium przypadku z zakresu międzynarodowego prawa spadkowego i przepływu dokumentów w Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Zachariasiewicz Maciej
Published: June 2023

The presented case study builds upon a fictious factual scenario involving transnational succession. It tells a story of Emilia — a national of a Member State who emigrates to another Member State, establishes a successful business and marries a national of that other State — also a women. She dies during COVID-19 pandemic and leaves an estate comprising immovables and other assets located in a number of states. The case study touches upon various legal questions arising under Regulation 650/2012, Regulation 2016/1191, and the Hague Apostille Convention. It invites the trainers and students to consider concepts such as the place of habitual residence of the deceased, the European Succession Certificate and the national instruments certifying the inheritance, as well as the will and the donatio mortis causa. It asks questions relating to the formalities that are necessarily to complete a transnational succession. Notably, it lays out a problem whether a succession in a same-sex marriage — concluded validly in one Member State — should be accepted in another Member State that does not know such a concept in its domestic law.
Penerapan UI/UX dengan Metode Design Thinking (Studi Kasus: Warung Makan)
Authors: Aziz Faruq , Saputri Daniati Uki Eka , Khasanah Nurul , Hidayat Taopik
Published: June 2023

Pemesanan makanan di warung tradisional seringkali masih dilakukan secara manual. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan kesalahan dalam pemesanan sehingga dapat menurunkan tingkat kepuasan pelanggan. Penerapan User Interface (UI) dan User Experience (UX) dalam pengembangan produk digital untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut semakin penting dilakukan saat ini. Perlu dilakukan suatu desain yang tepat agar aplikasi tersebut dapat memberikan kemudahan bagi pelanggan dalam melakukan pemesanan, serta memenuhi kebutuhan warung dalam mengelola pesanan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi dan meningkatkan pengalaman pengguna melalui penerapan metode Design Thinking pada desain aplikasi pemesanan makanan pada warung makan berbasis mobile. Metode System Usability Scale (SUS) dan User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) digunakan untuk menguji kepuasan pengguna terhadap aplikasi yang dikembangkan dengan menggunakan metode Design Thinking. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi yang dikembangkan dengan menggabungkan metode Design Thinking dan pengujian menggunakan metode SUS dan UEQ memiliki tingkat kepuasan yang cukup tinggi dari sisi pengguna serta dapat memberikan rekomendasi untuk pengembangan aplikasi pemesanan makanan yang dapat meningkatkan kepuasan pengguna dan meningkatkan daya saing warung.
Algoritma Klasifikasi Multilayer Perceptron Dalam Analisa Data Kebakaran Hutan
Authors: Haryani Haryani , Agustyaningrum Cucu Ika , Surniandari Artika , Sahara Sucitra , Sari Ratna Kurnia
Published: June 2023

Kebakaran hutan atau yang sering disebut dengan wildfire merupakan salah satu isu lingkungan yang utama karena berdampak negatif terhadap kelestarian hutan, merugikan lingkungan dan ekonomi, serta merugikan masyarakat. Kebakaran hutan adalah kondisi di mana hutan terbakar, merusak hasil hutan dan menyebabkan kerusakan ekologi dan ekonomi. Tujuan dari peramalan kebakaran hutan adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa sering terjadi kebakaran hutan. Oleh karena itu, proses analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik machine learning tradisional melalui metode Random Forest, Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes dan Multilayer Perceptron. Mengetahui keakuratan dan nilai hasil F1 memungkinkan membandingkan metode ini dengan bahasa pemrograman Python. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan Multilayer Perceptron mengungguli metode Random Forest, Decision Tree, Logistic Regression dan Nave Bayes dengan nilai akurasi masing-masing sebesar 93,35% dan F1 Score 93,69% dengan ukuran hidden layer sebesar 64,64. Dibandingkan dengan pendekatan lain yang dipelajari, nilai metode multilayer perceptron cukup signifikan. Penelitian ini dapat membantu menentukan kemungkinan kebakaran hutan.
Effect of Food on the Pharmacokinetics of Fluoxetine in Healthy Male Adult Volunteers(Conference Paper )#
Authors: Al-Tamimi Duaa , Al-Kinani Khalid , Taher Salam , Hussein Ahmed
Published: June 2023

Fluoxetine (FX) is an antidepressant drug administered only orally in humans. Despite the wide use of FX, until now, there is only limited literature concerning the pharmacokinetics (PK) of FX and the effect of food on its PK. Thus, the objective of this investigation was to study the PK of FX in Arabic healthy male adult volunteers under fasting and fed conditions. In the fasting study, FX 20 mg capsules (Prozac®, Eli Lilly, Canada) were administered to 41 volunteers after overnight fasting of 12 hours, followed by blood sampling from each volunteer immediately before dosing (zero time) and then at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 96, 120, and eventually at 144 hours after FX dosing. The fed study was conducted after 90 days wash-out period following the completion of the fasting study. The same subjects who received FX in the fasting study were administered the drug directly after a fatty breakfast (fed study), followed by blood sampling intervals similar to the schedule mentioned above for the fasting study. The current investigation demonstrated no statistical differences in the FX pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax, AUC0–t, AUC0–∞, Kel, T1/2, MRT, Cl/F, and Vd/F after fasting compared to the fed conditions, whereas there was statistically significant elongation in the Tmax values after food intake. Therefore, this study concludes the absence of food effect on the PK of FX (except Tmax) in the Arabic population and confirms the method of administration mentioned in the product information but also concludes high interindividual variation in FX exposure (AUC), which suggest that therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) might be advisable when feasible.
Knowledge, Perception, and Reporting Practices of Healthcare Providers about Adverse Events Following the COVID-19 Vaccination in Iraq(Conference Paper )#
Authors: Al-Metwali Basma Zuheir , Hatem Nsaif Farah
Published: June 2023

Routine vaccination activities, such as detection, reporting, and management of adverse events following immunization (AEFIs), are generally handled by healthcare providers (HCPs). Safe vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) were introduced to control the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. The study aimed to assess the knowledge, perceptions, and practice of HCPs in Iraq about reporting adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination, and their association with sociodemographic variables. The study was a cross-sectional study that was carried out between August and September 2021 at the COVID-19 vaccination centers in Iraq. This study used an online and paper-based questionnaire, which was distributed among HCPs (physicians and pharmacists) in COVID-19 vaccination centers. A total of 117 pharmacists and physicians responded to the survey. Two-thirds of respondents were pharmacists. The majority of the respondents (49.6%) had fair knowledge levels on AEFIs. The perception of 43% of the participants was very good, whereas the perception of 28%, 23%, and 6% of the participants was fair, good, and poor, respectively. The reporting practice of HCPs was inadequate in 53% of respondents. The number of pharmacists who had good knowledge of AEFIs was significantly higher than that of the physicians. The age group (30-39) years of HCPs was significantly associated with more positive perception towards AEFIs. The number of pharmacists that had good perception was significantly higher than that of the physicians. Furthermore, HCPs aged 30 to 39 years had significantly higher reporting practices than other age groups. The study highlighted that the HCPs working at the COVID-19 vaccination centers have low knowledge of AEFIs. On the other hand, HCPs had more positive perception towards reporting AEFIs. Education programs and reference materials are needed to increase their awareness about AEFIs.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of L-carvone on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Mahde Samah , Sarmad H. Kathem
Published: June 2023

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is among the most serious conditions characterized by an exacerbation of inflammatory response that can result from a persistent lung infection. Carvone is chiral monoterpenoid ketone present in the essential oils of dill, caraway, and spearmint. It shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects among others. In this study, the lung anti-inflammatory and protective effects and potential mechanism of action of carvone were investigated in ALI induced by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Isolation and Identification of Salmosamonella typhi from clinical samples with molecular detection of O-antigen encoded genes
Authors: Jassim Huda
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Antibiotic treatment of  S.typhi is difficult as compared to treatment of acute infection. Antibiotic resistance carried against S.typhi  by using 6 kinds of antibiotics from  different classes, their results  showed that all isolates were  high resistance to Ampicillin (99%), Gentamicin (98%), Amikacin (79%) and   less  resistances  Trimethoprim (55%) ,  Imipenem (60%)  and Ceftriaxone(66%)  .

The present study focused on the molecular detection of Wzx flippase, Wzy polymerase genes in some Salmonella typhi isolates, Samples were collected from typhoid patients by classical lab work. Antibiotics susceptibility were investigated using disc diffusion method. The DNA and molecular Wzx flippase, Wzy polymerase were implemented using specific primers. The results showed that there was 33.33% having Wzy gene. The Wzx gene didn’t observed in any Salmonella isolates. The present study concluded that there was an important of the genetic diversity of O-antigen encoded genes included Wzx and Wzy which may be effect in typhoid diagnosis and treatment types.
Evaluation of cough strength in bronchiectasis
Authors: YILMAZ Ayşenur , KILINÇ Mukaddes , TELLİ ATALAY Orçin , METİN Melis , UĞURLU Erhan , ŞENOL Hande , ALTINIŞIK ERGUR Göksel
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the cough strength in bronchiectasis patients. It also examined the relationship of cough strength with exercise capacity and quality of life.

Materials and methods: The study included 24 bronchiectasis patients and 25 healthy individuals. Exercise capacity was evaluated with the 6-min walk test. Peak cough flow was assessed using a peak expiratory flow PEF cough-meter with a mouthpiece (M1). The quality of life was evaluated with Leicester Cough Questionnaire.

Results: A significant difference was found between the groups in terms of PEF cough Meter, 6MWT, LCQ quality-of-life total score, and subdimension scores showed significant differences in favor of the control group (P < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between PEF cough Meter and the following variables: exercise capacity and Leicester total score (r = 0.780, P < 0.000 and r = 0.885, P < 0.000, respectively).

Conclusion: This study found that cough strength was lower in bronchiectasis patients compared with healthy individuals. Cough strength could negatively affect exercise capacity and quality of life. Therefore, Cough strength should be added to the evaluation parameters.
Passing the Province, or, the Tyrannical Prehension: Theoretical Readings of BC Theatre
Authors: Lane Richard J.
Published: June 2023

In The Space of Literature Blanchot writes, “sometimes, when a man is holding a pencil, his hand won’t release it no matter how badly he wants to let go” (25). The hand is under an imperious command, an order: to seize. The writer, whether he is writer of fiction, drama or criticism, seems to be in control of the pen – but this is an illusion. As Blanchot notes, “mastery always characterizes the other hand, the one that doesn’t write and is capable of intervening at the right moment to seize the pencil and put it aside. Thus mastery consists in the power to stop writing, to interrupt what is being written, thereby restoring to the present instant its rights, its decisive trenchancy” (25).
WHoS: A Night at the Pen
Authors: Drennan Barbara , Phillips Lois
Published: June 2023

On 23 April 1999, New York Norm drove Lawyer Lois and Theatre Doc Barb to William Head Penitentiary; they were on a mission for CTR: “Check out WHoS; they are producing their own plays, two one-acts called Prison Food. I hear Andromeda is a realistic romance while The Waiting Room is a surrealist No Exit spin-off. Could be a story.” Darlene was riding shotgun.
Theatre in Translation in Montreal: Respecting the Playwright, Challenging the Audience
Authors: Lavoie Bernard
Published: June 2023

Before 1968, foreign plays brought to Montreal’s audiences were always produced in their European French translation. Actors and directors of that time had mainly been trained, whether in France or in Québec, by French actors. The artistic models advocated followed Copeau’s, Dullin’s, Jouvet’s and Pitoeff’s views of the theatre. Montreal theatre artists felt they had succeeded only when audiences believed that the show they had witnessed was as good as a Parisian one. The local theatre milieu of that time took the posture of a colonized subject, fearful of the master’s disapproval.
Translations and Adaptations in Francophone Canada
Authors: Beddows JoëL
Published: June 2023

In 1993, I sat down to translate The Dining Room by A.R. Gurney into French. Having seen several high-profile productions in Canada, England and the United States, I was surprised to discover that no French language translation of this play existed. I gave myself the mandate to make available to francophone audiences what I felt was an essential piece of Gurney’s oeuvre and a significant play – if only for its popularity within the contemporary American repertoire. Despite my respect for the play, its author, its structure, its content, its themes, despite my intentions to recreate the specificity of the original version, it still amazes me how quickly I began to adapt the piece rather than to translate it. When confronted with expressions and terms without equivalents in my target language, with cultural references that I knew would be difficult for francophone audiences to understand, with the irreconcilable philological differences that divide any two systems of communication (including the lack of elasticity of the arguably more regulated French language), I rewrote, I cut, I censored, I changed characters’ names. In short, I appropriated the piece in the name of supposed accessibility for an audience and a market I knew well. A year later, when I attended the public reading of my supposed translation at the Théâtre du Nouvel-Ontario in Sudbury, it was clear that I had created an original work, albeit inspired by Gurney’s text. It left the distinct impression that the play had been written for a contemporary French Canadian audience. Gurney had given way to Beddows and the culture and language he represented.
The Tender Translations of Tadoussac
Authors: Druick Don
Published: June 2023

Tadoussac is on the north shore of the Fleuve Saint-Laurent. Far. About five hours west from Québec City. Long stretches of scrub, and then hilly rocky scrub, marking the edge of the great boreal forest of Québec. And every so often a stunning spectacular vista of the ever-widening river. Eventually you reach the Saguenay fjord. And take a ferry across and find yourself in this wee little village on this wee little bay, the river so wide you often cannot see the far shore. Tadoussac. Charmante et mignonne. The government dock, a large schooner, seals, birds, tourists, collines. And whales. Where the Saguenay meets the Saint-Laurent is home for billions of krill, and so whales. Many and large. Always eating those tasty krill. I’m sure we all will one day.
A Ghost Group Manifesto
Authors: Brown Rebecca
Published: June 2023

The formal theatre has become increasingly marginal, insular and cut off from an audience wider than its own practitioners. This does not mean that daring work is not taking place, only that few people outside of the theatre world are seeing it.
Craving That Honesty: An Interview with Chad Dembski
Authors: Stedman Sam
Published: June 2023

Chad Dembski is a founding member and the current artistic director of the OOmph!! Group, based in Toronto. He trained at Studio 58 in Vancouver and has worked with many of Toronto’s alternative theatre companies, including Crow’s Theatre, DNA, Platform 9 and Theatre Sans Pretexte. Since its inception in 1997, the OOmph!! Group has produced four shows, of which the latter three were directed by Chad: The Day Room by Don Delillo (The Space, 1997); A Hunting of the Snark, adapted by Paul Herwig from the poem by Lewis Carroll (Poor Alex, 1998); Aureola Part 1: Prologue (Buddies in Bad Times Theatre, 1998); and Me@sure 3.1 (Toronto Fringe Festival, 1999; remounted at the Rivoli nightclub in 2000). Chad is currently working on a new OOmph!! Group production entitled Inertia, a fusion adaptation of Chekhov’s The Three Sisters and Sartre’s No Exit.
Theatricalizing Politics / Politicizing Theatre
Authors: Jestrovic Silvija
Published: June 2023

On Yugoslavia, where I lived in the early 1990s, politics was theatrical and theatre was political. We used to compare the local political life to “theatre of the absurd” and describe the downfall of the country as “tragedy” and “theatre of cruelty.” In return, one of the most valued qualities of the local theatrical tradition and activity has been its capacity for political subversion. However, when the dramatic political circumstances started outdoing all fiction, theatre hit the streets through a series of ongoing protest activities. When the first protest against the ruling regime started, on 9 March 1991 in Belgrade, the police violently attacked the protesters, trying to prevent the leaders of the democratic opposition from addressing the crowd. The artistic director of the National Theatre opened the door of the building, enabling the protest to continue from the theatre’s balcony.1 In the days following this event, mass protests continued in the heart of the city, around an improvised stage, where one of the leading Yugoslavian actors served day and night as kind of MC. He was joined by other artists who came to give their support, keeping the spirits of the protesters high and the constant threat of Milosevic’s police and army at bay.2 When the space of a theatrical institution became a place of political protest, the relationship between theatre and politics in this context had undergone a transition from theatre as a political metaphor, theatre as a by-phenomenon, to theatre as a deliberate device and strategy of street demonstrations.
Le Madonne Feministe: Italian Canadian Women Playwrights
Authors: Rewa Natalie
Published: June 2023

Trying to discuss what Italian Canadian women playwrights have in common—what concerns and dramatic methods—might seem to be an impossible task. The four playwrights under consideration here, Maristella Roca, Caterina Edwards, Mary Melfi and Toni Ellwand, have demonstrated different levels of theatrical engagement: Maristella Roca and Toni Ellwand are primarily theatre artists and are currently collaborating on a production using the poetry of Gianna Patriarca, while Caterina Edwards and Mary Melfi have each written only one play; Edwards writes fiction; and Melfi has published several collections of poetry and two novels. A significant point of intersection in their plays is the problem of how to represent the “performances” of women. While social performance is represented in many poems, short stories and novels by Italian Canadian women writers, writing for a female actor is quite a different matter. These four have chosen to make plays that present a liberating female presence, one that offers fresh possibilities for verbal expression and behaviour.
Cursing in Calabrian: A Brief Interview with Antonino Mazza
Authors: Migliarisi Anna
Published: June 2023

Mazza: Calabrian abounds in semantic subtleties that determine the play’s distinctly piercing, at times hilarious soundscapes, which is really another way of saying that its tone and its very rhythm are content dependent. I can give you an example of the sort of challenge I faced in the trans- lation. The play opens with Raffaele cursing vehemently to himself, blaming his wife that his pen went missing Trying to emulate the verbal tone of the original through the customary Canadian English religious and sexual expletives would never do something much more horri- fying is going on in the original that dictates the pitch of Raffaele’s delirious rage. In essence, Calabrians’ favourite way of blaspheming is through the word “mannaia,” which refers to the implement the executioner used on the block to axe the head of the condemned. In other words, the mannaia is the axe or, roughly, the guillotine. Furthermore, in swearing, the Calabrian dialect turns the noun “mannaia” into a verbal imperative, so that when Raffaele says, “Mannaia tutti i riavuli ra maronna!” et cetera, he is literally giving the mad order to chop off heads. Therefore, in order to keep true to the pitch of his delivery, I had to translate a little of the content of his blas- phemies, which are veritable re-enactments of what Calabrians may have watched unjustly and bloodily in their collective tyrannical past!
Transforming Traditions: Commedia dell’Arte and masQuirx (Contemporary Mask Performance)
Authors: Foreman Kathleen , Poulsen John
Published: June 2023

masQuirx is a collective of seven artists from a variety of visual and performing arts backgrounds—theatre, painting, dance, photography, mime and improvisation. Working together since 1991, our work has been described as “Jim Henson meets Hieronymus Bosch” (Raby). We create and exhibit masks, and perform in a variety of venues: theatres, art galleries, theatre festivals and roving street performances. Based in Alberta, we have toured nationally and internationally offering audiences our unique blend of visual art and physical theatre.
Paradise by the River
Authors: Dicenzo Maria , Rossi Vittorio , Perin Roberto
Published: June 2023

Should historical accuracy be the aim of an artist who creates a work that is set in the past? The issue has recently sparked debate in the world of cinema, pitting those who defend this view—mostly professional historians—against the champions of creative licence. To my mind the answer lies in the purpose of the work: is it intended to be a reflection of a historical event or does it use the past largely as a captivating backdrop? Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar could just as well have been set in Renaissance England, and in some ways it was.
Teaching Canadian Plays in Australia
Authors: Tompkins Joanne
Published: June 2023

It seems a little unusual even to me that my only experience of teaching Canadian drama has been in Australia, although teaching Canadian drama in Australia is perhaps easier than in practically any other country outside Canada. Both countries share a British imperial history as settler nations, a geography characterized by wide open (if apparently uninhabitable) spaces and a contemporary theatre history preoccupied intrinsically with nationalism in form and theme. Nevertheless, for all the similarities, the two countries are sufficiently divergent and distant from each other to require some justifications for including Canadian plays on an Australian syllabus.
Disney North: The Lion King
Authors: Graham Catherine , Bennett Susan
Published: June 2023

It may seem odd - and perhaps even downright inappropriate - to find a review of Disney’s blockbuster show The Lion King in Canadian Theatre Review. Notwithstanding CTR’s spectacular history in showcasing, archiving and promoting the work of Canadian theatre artists, it strikes me that The Lion King, maybe despite itself, makes an interesting contribution to contemporary theatre in Canada. Certainly the sheer numbers of tickets sold for this production - one can expect to wait around five or six months for “good” seats - suggest this point in a couple of different ways: The Lion King will be seen by more Canadians than any other play in 2000-2001 (and, in all likelihood, beyond); moreover, its non-Canadian audience (the audience on the Saturday night that I saw the production had a big contingent from Michigan) brings its tourist dollars into the Princess of Wales Theatre and thus directly supports the many Canadian actors in this show.
Editorial
Authors: Wilson Ann
Published: June 2023

The theme of this issue of Canadian Theatre Review was suggested by Marc Maufort, a professor at Université Libre de Bruxelles whose area of specialization is Canadian and Australian theatre. I want to thank Professor Maufort for reminding the editors that Canadian practitioners and their work have an impact beyond the boundaries of Canada. Professor Maufort’s own commitment to Canadian drama serves as a salient reminder that Canadian studies is an important part of the curricula of universities located in countries which were once the Commonwealth, and now, as the relationship between the imperial centre and its colonies is being rethought through postcolonial studies, drama written by Canadians is being positioned in site-specific ways. As Geeta Budhiraja’s commentary on two productions directed by Robert Fothergill, a Canadian playwright and academic, suggests, within the particular space of an academically sponsored institute, Canadian drama reads as “foreign,” so that the audience identifies with in it ways that resonate with its experience. Joanne Tompkins suggests that the classes in which she teaches Canadian drama in Australia, a settler colony like Canada, offer the discursive space to address commonality and difference between Australia and Canada.
Questioning an Aesthetic of Injury: Notes from the Development of BOOM
Authors: Salverson Julie
Published: June 2023

Initial Impulses

Some time ago I was invited to see a short play at a community college. Student actors and their director had developed a dramatic performance drawn from stories by children who had lived through war and extreme violence. The piece opened with the actors lying on the floor doing breathing exercises and inviting the audience to call out thoughts evoked by the idea of landmines. Phrases such as “incomprehensible,” “stop it” and “dead, dead” were grimly and vigorously taken up by groups of young performers and turned into tableaux of disaster, which segued into first-person narratives declaring stories of loss and dismemberment tempered with heroics.
Thunderstruck, or Song of the Say-Sayer
Authors: Danis Daniel , Tersigni Patricia
Published: June 2023

At once sinister and hilariously funny, darkly ominous and positively hopeful, One Yellow Rabbit’s superbly crafted performance of Thunderstruck, or The Song of the Say-Sayer is very possibly tragicomedy at its most eerie. With Linda Gaboriau’s finely tuned translation of Daniel Danis’s lyrical Le Chant du dire-dire in hand, One Yellow Rabbit premiered the play’s English version at home in Calgary at their Big Secret Theatre in February 1999, subsequently hopped over to the Traverse for the 2000 Edinburgh Fringe Festival and eventually, in December 2000, made their way to Toronto’s Factory Theatre, all under the astute direction of Blake Brooker. At its simplest, Thunderstruck is the story of the Lastings. After their adoptive parents are killed by lightning during a freak storm, three brothers (Rock, William and Fred-James) and a younger sister (Naomi) are left to raise themselves, while fending off the “Municipals,” their name for town officials and general busybodies.
The Theatre of Form and the Production of Meaning: Contemporary Canadian Dramaturgies
Authors: Knowles Ric , Nunn Robert
Published: June 2023

The Theatre of Form is a welcome addition to the small library of books devoted to historical and critical analysis of contemporary English-Canadian theatre – books such as Diane Bessai’s Playwrights of Collective Creation, Alan Filewod’s Collective Encounters: Documentary Theatre in English Canada and Robert Wallace’s Producing Marginality: Theatre and Criticism in Canada. This book distills – potently – an argument about theatre that Knowles has been developing for a long time. This argument is about the relation of the arts to history and society, an argument that applies with special force to theatre. It goes roughly like this: the arts do not exist in a transcendent realm apart from society; there is always a complex relation between art and the social formation in which it is produced. Art is indeed not created out of the empyrean but produced out of the raw material of ideology and social practice. Art may reproduce and hence reinforce ideology, enhancing its aura of naturalness and inevitability; it may negotiate a place for a broader range of social realities than is normally permissible; it may render visible “the ideology from which it is born, in which it bathes, from which it detaches itself as art, and to which it alludes” (Althusser 204); it may subvert ideology from within its own terms; it may allude to counter-ideologies and thus actively produce certain elements of counter-hegemony with practical consequences in the social formation.
Looking for Enlightened Lighting:The Discourses of Lighting Design, Training and Practice
Authors: Knowles Ric
Published: June 2023

In spite of technological advances and refinements brought about through computerization and other developments, not much has changed in the discourses of stage lighting in North America since Stanley McCandless invented naturalistic forty-five-degree/forty-five-degree area lighting in the 1930s.1 Some seventy years later, although McCandless’s principles, originally articulated for the new theatre at Yale in 1926, have been extended to apply to Broadway, thrust and other stages, lighting design discourse and training still tend to privilege naturalism, the construction of unified psychological “character” as the basic unit of theatrical representation and the construction of actors as the “to-be-looked-at” objects of an audience’s voyeuristic or consumerist gaze.2 Meanwhile, standard theatrical processes and hierarchies in the professional theatre continue to construct lighting as a primarily service industry, providing illumination, atmosphere and decoration long after what is understood to be the valuable conceptual and creative work on a given production has been done.
Lighting in Miniature
Authors: Fort Tim
Published: June 2023

Part of the apocrypha of stage lighting is that eighty per cent of the energy channelled through its instruments is converted to heat, while only twenty per cent is transformed to light. This is a ready-made metaphor for anyone who works in the individualistic, painterly world of the lighting designer. Somehow, the act of supplying the spiritual, psychological or artistic illumination for a theatrical piece turns out to take up only about a fifth of our directed energies. Conversely and undeniably, designers are connected to the larger life (and true heat) of a project by the scores of time-consuming communal jobs which involve communication, interpretation, prevarication and a fair share of lifting and tightening. These jobs grow and blossom exponentially in smaller theatres where a designer is not surrounded by the host of trained professionals and state-of-the-art equipment that insulate high-end artists from the technical perils of their creative work. Still, there is something life-affirming in getting back to the basics of small theatre design, in running up a ladder to see the creative environment unfolding immediately below. It may be pure sentiment that brings me here, but, looking at the world from the frontier outposts of lighting design, the small, or non-professional, or ill-equipped or rural theatres, it becomes easier to discern the manner in which past theatrical practitioners discovered how to separate the light from the heat.
Views and Reviews
Authors: Graham Catherine
Published: June 2023

The review section in this issue includes three pieces that ask us to pay attention, albeit in different ways, to how performances meet their audiences. Katherine Cornell and Nadine Saxton’s opinion piece on dance criticism in Toronto points to a problem as relevant to readers of theatre reviews, or reviews of any kind of performance for that matter, as to those who call the dance world of Toronto their artistic home. Do we really expect newspaper reviewers to be sensitive critics of our art forms, or is their role simply to sell newspapers by entertaining their readers with witty commentary, whatever the cost to the artists and institutions they cover? And if we want to be the kind of critics who help Canadian theatrical performance develop in all its possible forms, how should we approach the task of criticism? This is a question CTR has engaged regularly since its first issues and one to which we are fortunate enough never to have found a definitive answer.
Speaking from the Pre-symbolic: Morris Panych and Wendy Gorling’s The Overcoat
Authors: Gilbert Reid
Published: June 2023

A certain aspect of the fate of those belonging to the antistructure [of Stalinist Russia] (artists, wanderers, holy fools) was a predestination for pain, and they acknowledged their acceptance of suffering and social silence as a conscious choice. However, their response to social ostracism was not a loss of words: it was a vow of silence. Lilia Avrutin
The Writer Boy and the Director Boy
Authors: Burgess David
Published: June 2023

David Burgess interviewed writer Michael Healey and director Layne Coleman separately in Toronto, 26 May 2001, about the successful Theatre Passe Muraille production, remount and tour of The Drawer Boy.
“The Whole Thing You’re Doing Is White Man’s Ways”: fareWel’s Northern Tour
Authors: Lenze Christine
Published: June 2023

The emergence of Native performance on Canadian stages in the late twentieth century is determined by some to be a “logical extension” of the practice of First Nations storytelling (Taylor 140). First Nations performances have certainly incorporated culturally specific aspects, and some tribes, like the Kwakiutl of British Columbia, have performed ritual dramas for hundreds of years. In an interview with Hartmut Lutz, however, playwright Daniel David Moses remains hesitant about linking structural categories like “drama” to First Nations performance. As Moses explains,

I’m not sure whether it’s ... a natural resistance to codifying something that seems to be in the process of developing. You don’t want to give something a wrong name before it’s really been born.... I think [First Nations writers] have an opportunity here with the influence of an oral aesthetic, to develop things that go beyond those genres, which are categories that are very much a result of a book culture.(163)
Gendered Bodies and High School Girls: Devising Theatre
Authors: Gallagher Kathleen
Published: June 2023

To posit women in the position of subject, to make their everyday lives the victuals of theatre creation, is a conspicuous place to begin. This means – in the case of adolescent girls – that we are beginning with their gendered (classed, racialized, stigmatized), and often objectified bodies. Here is what we know in Canada about adolescent girls’ relationships to their bodies, or the impact of oppression on the female body: 80-90 per cent of young women come to dislike their bodies, 70 per cent are weight preoccupied, 40 per cent engage in yo-yo dieting, and up to 20 per cent develop more serious and health-threatening eating problems (Russell and Rice 21-3). In fact, Vanessa Russell, student program worker for the Toronto Board of Education, and Carla Rice, coordinator of the Women and Body Image Project at Women’s College Hospital, have found that in the time between childhood and adolescence, much of the oppression girls and young women of all races, classes, and sexual orientations experience occurs through their bodies – whether the oppression is based on their gender, race, sexual orientation, physical ability, or a combination of these factors.
Making MindLands: The Multimedia Production
Authors: Rivers Paul
Published: June 2023

Budget was the first, but not the main reason to stage MindLands as a one-man multimedia play. Theatre Aquarius’ Managing Artistic Director, Max Reimer, passed this script on to me with a conviction that seeing only the character of Tom on stage was the best way to produce the play. I was left to figure out how this might work. I was at first concerned with how MindLands might be received outside of its “hometown” of Sault Ste. Marie. Given that the piece concerns a steelworker, it seems an easy fit in a steel town like Hamilton, but I soon realized that the crisis Tom faces transcends the steel industry. Tom belongs to a culture of labour that is threatened with extinction in an increasingly unstable economic landscape. Having committed to a life of work at the local mill, Tom, in the middle of his life, finds himself with an uncertain future and no idea how to adapt to his new circumstances. He is an analog guy in a digital world.