bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Procedimentos minimamente invasivos na coluna vertebral
Authors: Ashmawi Hazem Adel , Mansano André Marques
Published: September 2021

Afecções da coluna vertebral e estruturas próximas cursam, frequentemente, com dor ao longo de suas evoluções. A dor pode ocorrer em coluna cervical, dorsal ou lombar. Os tratamentos iniciais são, em sua maioria, farmacológicos e não farmacológicos, e não invasivos. Em casos de resposta inadequada a estes tratamentos, podem ser utilizadas as terapias minimamente invasivas ou também denominadas de tratamentos intervencionistas da dor em coluna vertebral. Neste artigo são abordadas algumas formas de tratamento intervencionista, como infiltrações em articulações zigoapofisárias, desnervações de ramos mediais das articulações zigoapofisárias, infiltrações peridurais (transforaminais ou interlaminares), procedimentos discais e de articulação sacroilíaca.

Unitermos: Dor. Coluna vertebral, procedimentos. Infiltração, bloqueio.
Reabilitação nas síndromes dolorosas crônicas
Authors: Magalhães Eduardo de Paiva
Published: September 2021

A dor crônica é uma condição comum que, a despeito dos avanços terapêuticos, ainda é de difícil condução. Envolve aspectos físicos, psicológicos e sociais. A reabilitação em dor crônica tem o objetivo de reduzir a dor e melhorar o desempenho funcional e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A reabilitação envolve uma equipe de profissionais de diversas especialidades visando a atender todas as dimensões da dor crônica. O paciente deve entender e participar ativamente do programa incorporando os conceitos e intervenções propostas em sua rotina diária. Este artigo analisa alguns dos princípios básicos na prática da reabilitação em dor crônica, como a equipe multidisciplinar e os exercícios.

Unitermos: Dor crônica. Reabilitação. Exercícios físicos.
STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF PHYTOPLANKTON OF LARGE SHALLOW-WATER OVERGROUND LAKES (VOZHE AND LACHA, VOLOGDA AND ARKHANGELSK REGIONS, RUSSIA)
Authors: Korneva L. , Mitropol'skaya I. , Makarenkova N. , Cvetkov A.
Published: September 2021

A comparative analysis of the diversity, abundance, biomass, composition of dominant species, size characteristics of phytoplankton and saprobity of the waters of shallow large overgrown lakes Vozhe, Lacha, as well as the rivers Svid and Onega in June 2015 is presented. The data obtained are compared with the results of previous studies in the 1970s years. It was found that in the 2000s, there was a significant increase in the number of phytoplankton in lakes and a change in the composition of dominant species. Non-heterocyst cyanoprokaryotes (Aphanocapsa holsatica, Planktolyngbya limnetica) began to dominate in phytoplankton, which is associated with increase of ammonium concentration. The average biomass of phytoplankton in lakes (2.6 g/m3) has remained practically unchanged since the 1970s and was typical for mesotrophic type waters. In the Lacha Lake characterized by lower transparency, high degree of overgrowth, salinity and saprobity of waters, phytoplankton was distinguished by lower floristic diversity, higher abundance, dominance level, and the smallest cell sizes.
Advertising Narratives of Society and Politics: A Semiotic Analysis of Amul’s Print Ads
Authors: Pandey Kamya , Jaggi Ruchi
Published: September 2021

Contextual knowledge is the most important aspect of language comprehension. We define contextual knowledge as both general knowledge and discourse knowledge, i.e., knowledge of the situational context, background knowledge, and co-textual context. In this paper, we will discuss the significance of contextual knowledge in comprehending the humor found in Amul's cartoon advertisements in India. Throughout the process, we will analyze these advertisements and determine whether humor is an effective tool for advertising and, as a result, marketing. These bilingual advertisements also assume that the audience has the necessary linguistic knowledge, such as vocabulary, morphology, and syntax in English and Hindi. Various techniques such as punning, portmanteaus, and parodies of popular proverbs, expressions, acronyms, famous dialogues, songs, and so on are used to convey the message humorously. The current study will focus on these linguistic cues and the necessary context for understanding wit and humor. This study will also employ semiotics and sign methodology to analyze the message provided by the cartoons. According to the research findings, cartoons serve two purposes: political communication and advertising; however, advertising is camouflaged and not placed in an obvious manner.
Prospects of Digital Currency in India - A Way Forward
Authors: Bhat Viraja , Nagarkar Jeevan , Singh Ayushi
Published: September 2021

The era of information and communication technologies has created many opportunities in every aspect. The field that has been benefitted the most from these recent developments in the financial and business sector. The scope and speed of evolution in technology, customer perception, and wide acceptance indicate that these technologies and disruptions will transform the finance and banking sector as we know it, providing both opportunities and challenges to financial institutions. Systems that have traditionally been used for savings, investments are not well suited given the scale and agility required for the digital age. Keeping in mind this array, financial institutions are responding with new digitization and innovation initiatives, using analytics, cloud technologies, and other new alternatives to respond to customer expectations. In a country like India, with a large economy and a despotic regime, the country shows decent economic growth even after having a complex system of arbitrary rules and regulations. Amidst all the growth, there is a huge scope of transforming the investment and lending patterns, with the help of technologies becoming more customer-centric and efficient. So, the technologies like blockchain are looking to drive innovation across various industries in India. In the era of blockchain, cryptocurrencies are the main part of it. They are said to be the most disruptive technologies in this area. This paper is an attempt to find the future of digital currency in India from the international experience.
A Sociological Study on God Men: What Draws Devotees of Various Socio-Economic Groups to Ashrams in India?
Authors: hi Saikeert , Menon Ramesh
Published: September 2021

This paper observes the increasing influence of godmen in India and the socio-economic division among devotees that influences their decision to follow them. The study navigates through various social spheres and predominantly focuses on lower-income groups, middle-income groups, and upper-income groups to piece together the research paper. It focuses on in-depth interviews as a primary source of understanding these differences and is followed by possible deductions of the same, keeping in mind the hypothesis that there is a socio-economic divide in this seemingly secular framework of spirituality and religion, as defined by the devotees. These interviews are narrative analyzed to detect any recurring patterns within the economic groups and the following groups. Constructivism as a theory is used to understand how the arguments put forward by the interviewees are influenced by their social position in society and how they are inclined towards understanding reality on individual terms. The study's findings prove that a possible correlation can be derived between an individual's economic standing and expectations while following a certain godmen.
The Effects of the Stakeholders Relationship Management on Organization Performance
Authors: Aslami Mohammad Salim , Uppal Aakanksha
Published: September 2021

Partner management, partner relationship management examines have a significant spot in writing. We looked for their effect on organization performance through the Employee and Social parts of Company Evaluation interceding factors. Laborers were chosen to accomplish the objectives of the examination. Employees hold and as they are the internal stakeholders. Thus, it becomes necessary to explore their effect in stakeholder relationship management on organizational efficiency, which is highly competitive. The staff was essential to cover the organization's accomplishments. If they functioned as a gathering, the impact might be exceptional. The organization's management would comprehend the workers' prerequisites and aspirations, and a management style of advanced organization systems was resolved. It was found from the investigation that inside partner relationship management framework is organizational performance. Via the eyes of European multinational organizations, the thesis examines the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and organizational success. Furthermore, the study investigates the role of corporate reputation as a moderator in the CSR-organizational performance linkages. The final data set included 340 responses from senior executives/managers at European multinational corporations.
An Islamic Perspective Review on Organizational Ethics
Authors: Omar Nizaita , Muda Zulkifly , Disa Mahamad Naser , Nasir Nur Syahirah Mohammad , Mohamed Nurshuhada , Razali Kauthar
Published: September 2021

Ethical culture and integrity values are the bases that a nation needs to establish in order to achieve optimum development. A nation’s identity and reputation will become tarnished if the two elements are not presented in at least, adequate scale. Ethics that are meant to bring eminence in an organization have to be expanded to form a high-minded society, in accordance with the concept of Islam which is progressively being put into practice today. This paperwork is going to deepen and analyse Islamic sources which are al-Quran, al Hadith and Seerah Nabawiyyah (Biography of Muhammad PUBH) with specificity in the particular topic discussed here, which is organizational ethics. Related verses from al-Quran and hadiths will be scrutinized. This will include the bases, purposes and demands of ethical forming. Concepts and principles of organizational ethics will be explained in details by which verdicts from former and current scholars are made reference to. It is hoped that through the ethical approaches suggested in this paperwork, outstanding and productive organizations can be deftly produced in the future.
Heavy Metal and Fluoride Removal from Synthetic Water Treated with Dhava (Anogeissus Latifolia Wall.) Bark Ash
Authors: Pooja Singh  , Ramesh Chandra Tiwari  , Rakesh Bhutiani  , Ved Bhushana Sharma  , Mahesh Chandra
Published: September 2021

Being a universal solvent, water is a major source of contamination. According to the World Summit of Sustainable Development, the major reason for lack of safe water is either scarcity of water or contamination of water sources. The quality of water is vital concern for the man kind as it is directly linked with human welfare. Aim and Objective: To evaluate the Jala Shodhana properties of Dhava (Anogeissus latifolia Wall.) stem bark ash. Material and method: Authentification and collection of Dhava bark was done from renowned source. Dhava bark was calcinated in Muffle furnace and used for the further study. The filter was prepared by using sand, gravel and Dhava bark ash. Synthetic water sample prepared by adding Arsenic trioxide, lead acetate, Calcium fluoride and Mercury-II Sulfate. This synthetic water was analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, to know the percent removal of Heavy metals and fluoride after the treatment by Dhava bark ash filtering apparatus. Result- The Dhava stem bark (filtering apparatus) shows significant result in removal of mercury (99.8%), lead (99.9%), Arsenic (34.18%) and Fluoride (57.05%) from water. Discussion: The present study was undertaken to assess the efficiency and pollution reduction potential of sand intermittent filtration technology in term of heavy metal. Filtration can be compared to a sieve or micro-strainer that traps suspended material between grains of filter media In this present research work efforts have been made to develop a low cost and low maintenance model of Bio-sand intermittent filtration for treatment of Dushita Jala. (BIO= Stem bark of Anogessious latifolia). Conclusion: This study proves the statement of Acharya Sushruta about Jala shodhana properties of Dhava described in Kalpa sthana Tritiya Adhyaya. Therefore our study will leads to the development of Bio-sand filter which is cost-effective without chemical operation and environmental friendly technology for water and waste water treatment.
A Comprehensive Review of Jatamansi (Nardostachys Jatamansi)
Authors: Swati Goyal  , Sudipta Kumar Rath
Published: September 2021

Jatamansi, that is Nardostachys jatamansi, is a well-known plant used in Ayurveda classics, which is used in “nervous headache, excitement, menopausal symptoms, flatulence, epilepsy and intestinal colic”. A lot of research has also been conducted on this plant exploring its pharmacological utilization. Though there are many review articles available on this plant but no review has comprehensively covered all aspects of Jatamansi. Objectives: This article is thus aim to collect and comprehensively review information available regarding the medicinal use of Jatamansi and identify areas that need further research. Data source: Jatamansi (Nardostachys jatamansi) was reviewed from Samhitas and from more than 55 research articles for medicinal uses and other important aspects. Review methods: This review is in a narrative format and done from literature and publications relevant to Jatamansi that were identified through a systematic search of major computerized medical databases. Result: Jatamansi (Nardostachys jatamansi) is concluded to have indications- Vatavyadhi, Shotha, Shoola, Daha, Varnavikara, Swedadhikya, Apasmara, Apatantraka, Unmada, Manasavikara, Mastishkadaurbalya, Shirahshoola, Agnimandya, Anaha, Udarashoola, Chhardi, Kamala, Hriddrava, Raktabharadhikya, Arsha, Hikka, Kasa, Shwasa, Mootrakrichchhra, Klaibya, Sadyovrana, Bhagna, Garbhashayashotha, Twagvikara, Vatarakta, Sannipatika jwara, Mukharoga, Netraroga, Vishavikara & Bhootabadha. Jatamansi also possesses activities like hepatoprotective, antifungal and antibacterial, cardio protective, hypolipidemic, antidepressant, antioxidant, neuroprotective, antiparkinson, anticonvulsant, antihyperglycemic, nootropic, anticancer and radioprotective. Conclusion: Ayurvedic indications of Nardostachys jatamansi are compared with Article concluded effect and then areas of further research are identified.
The Ground Water Quality Analysis Agro based Industrial Area of Materwadi (Rajaramnagar) Village in Dindori Block, Dist. Nashik of Maharashtra, India
Authors:   Department of Chemistry K.E.S.A.C.S College Kalwan (Manur) Pin-423501 Tal- Kalwan Dist-Nashik (Maharashtra), India., Wagh M.D.
Published: September 2021

The ground water analysis has been done during the on season and off season of the sugar industry. The samples collected from 30 sampling stations were analyzed in the laboratory. The analysis reveals that the pH, TDS, DO, COD, BOD of water increasing due discharge effluent in the catchments of the sugar industry area. Most of the parameters indicated that these industrial effluents disturb the ground water quality and responsible for deteriorating soil conditions. From the analysis it is reported that there is a requirement of the careful supervision, constant monitoring and periodical analysis of the chemical parameters to safeguard the ground water resources and to minimize environmental pollution nearby the agro-based industries like sugar factory.
The Comparison of Students’ Motivation between Participation in Formal Education and In Music Activities
Authors:   Harrow International School Bangkok, Titicharoenrak Norawit
Published: September 2021

This study compares different types of regulation that motivate school students to participate in their formal education and in music entertainment. The framework of self-determination is used in this study to convey various forms of regulation that play important roles in driving students to take action in both settings. A survey result based on 207 student respondents in Thailand revealed that although it is not uncommon to anticipate that there could be a variety of reasons for establishing this educational participation, ranging from extrinsic controls to intrinsic values, the students were more likely to be extrinsically and personally pressured in their formal study, compared to participating in music. On the other hand, they were prone to be more intrinsically driven when joining in music activities than studying.
The Adoption of IFRS and Earnings Quality of Financial Statements of Nigerian Breweries Plc: Generalised Linear Model Approach
Authors:   Achievers University, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria, SANNI Phd Michael Rotimi
Published: September 2021

The adoption of IFRS is expected to improve the earnings quality of firms that adopt them. It is against this background that this study investigated how the adoption of IFRS has affected earnings quality of Nigerian Breweries Plc. The company was selected because of its importance to the Nigerian economy. The 18 -year research period (2003 – 2020) was divided equally between (2003 – 2011) Pre- IFRS period (9 years) and (2012 – 2020) Post – IFRS period (9 years). Data on share price and Earnings per Share used to calculate earnings yield and change in earnings yield used to proxy earnings quality were sourced from the published financial statements of the company. Findings from Generalized Linear Model revealed no improvement in the earnings quality of the company after the adoption. Findings further showed that the company faced a lot of macro and micro economic challenges that affected its operating performances during the research period. The study therefore recommends to government to address those ident fied challenges because of the importance of the industry to the Nigerian economy.
Guenther Maier
Authors: Maier Günther
Published: September 2021

Done—Memories of a PhD Supervisor GUENTHER MAIER, born in 1932, was fascinated early on by “impossible molecules”. Whether in Karlsruhe, Baltimore, Marburg, or Giessen, he always wanted to overcome new challenges. Tetrahedrane, molecule of the year 1978, became his trademark. The author employs short, chronological accounts to trace and reflect on his chemical pathways and detours, his role models, his collaboration with colleagues, and his life. He opens up a world of exotic molecules through experiments—photochemistry, flash pyrolysis, low-temperature matrix isolation—and theory. Curiosity, luck, and imagination, but also persistence, uncover many secrets.
Pattern and Outcome of Dog Bite Injuries among Children-a Study in 200 Cases
Authors:   Senior Consultant (Surgery), Chuadanga Sadar Hospital, Chuadanga, Bangladesh, Rahman Md Waliur , Sarkar Md Habibullah ,   Professor of Surgery, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, Talukder Samir Kumar ,   Associate professor (Endocrinology), Rangpur Medical College, Rangpur, Bangkadesh, Abedin Md Joynal ,   Assistant professor (Surgery), Jashore Medical College, Jashore, Bangladesh, Ghosh Paritosh Kumar ,   Assistant professor (Cardiology), Kushtia Medical College, Kushtia, Bangladesh
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Dog bites in humans are a major public health problem. Globally, millions of people are bitten by dogs but most of the fatal cases occur in children. Dog bites in human are a serious public health problem and have been well documented worldwide. As rabies is not a notifiable disease in Bangladesh and most deaths occur in rural areas where surveillance is poor. Objectives: To determine the pattern of dog bite injuries and associated health problems among children. Methods: The study was an observational retrospective study carried out at the Dept. of General Surgery, Chuadanga Sadar Hospital, Chuadanga, Bangladesh. The study reviewed the clinical data of patients managed for dog bite related injuries and rabies over a four and half year period between January 2016 and June 2020. A proforma was designed to extract relevant clinical data from the case records. Information extracted included the age, sex of the victims, site of the bite, time of presentation in the hospital, pre-hospital treatment, hospital treatment including post-exposure prophylaxis and complication. Results: In all, 200 cases of dog bite injuries were managed constituting 0.89% of the total consultations; 5 (2.5%) had rabies. Most of the victims were aged 6-12 years (55.0%) and majority (67.0%) was boys. Eighty two percent of the victims presented within 24hrs of the injury. 92 (46.0%) had WHO grade 3 dog bite injury at presentation and the lower limb was the commonest (56.0%) bite site. Use of herbal preparation was the most common pre-hospital treatment 60%. Although 95.0% received anti-rabies vaccine, only 55.5% of them completed the vaccination schedule. The case fatality rate for dog bite was 5.0%. The 5 that died all presented late, had no post exposure prophylaxis and died within 24 hours of admission. Conclusion: There is need for public enlightenment on dangers associated with dog bites and also for the government to ensure vaccination for cost of post exposure prophylaxis treatment for children free of cost
« D'une voix et plaintive et hardie »
Authors: Hugo Nina
Published: September 2021

Voici comment, dans un prologue adressé au Roi, Étienne Jodelle définit la pièce qui est sur le point d’être jouée devant lui : […] C’est une Tragedie. Qui d’une voix et plaintive et hardie Te represente un Romain Marc Antoine Et Cléopatre Egyptienne Roine […]. Si la voix de la tragédie est « et plaintive et hardie », la critique moderne a essentiellement retenu le premier adjectif, jusqu’à en faire un point majeur de la définition du genre au XVIe siècle. Que faire alors de la seconde épithète avancée par Jodelle ? Le dramaturge définit ici la voix de sa tragédie, mais il s’agit également pour lui d’y associer la voix de son héroïne, Cléopâtre, dont la hardiesse est célébrée dans la pièce. Nina Hugot examine l’ensemble des pièces tragiques imprimées entre 1537 et 1583 et souligne l’importance des deux versants de cette caractérisation de la tragédie et de son héroïne dans la constitution de l’esthétique du genre au XVIe siècle.
Penerapan Metode Topsis Pemilihan Role Model Pada Pengadilan Negeri Asahan
Authors: Ramdhan William , Kifti Wan Mariatul , Sipahutar Waji Datur Rahmi
Published: September 2021

Role Model menentukan seseorang yang menjadi teladan/panutan atas peran tertentu, di mana perilakunya tersebut diikuti oleh pegawai yang lain Pemilihan kandidat terbaik sebagai Role Model, pada pengadilan negeri saat ini dilakukan secara konvensional dimana sering kali terjadi kesalahan dan kecurangan pada saat penilaian kinerja pegawai karena penilaian yang bersifat subyektif, pendataan kinerja pegawai yang tidak benar dalam penilaian serta membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama pada proses penyeleksian calon kandidat terpilih sehingga mempengaruhi efektifitas kinerja sebuah instansi. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode Topsis (Technique for Other References by Similarity to Ideal Solution) merupakan salah satu dari metode Sistem Pendukung Keputusan yang penerapan metode akan membandingkan setiap kandidat berdasarkan kriteria standar penilaian yang baik. TOPSIS mampu memberikan bentuk model sistem pendukung keputusan dalam bentuk sebuah hirarki fungsional dengan input utamanya persepsi manusia. Implepentasi TOPSIS pada Pengadilan Negeri Kisaran mempermudah mengelola bagian kepegawaian dalam proses pemilihan agen perubahan sebagai role model yang lebih akurat dan juga penyajian laporan penilaian pegawai yang lebih efektif dan efisien.
Effectiveness of the HEART Program in Reframing the Needs and Aspirations of Commercial Sex Workers
Authors: C. Llanillo Lovelyn
Published: September 2021

Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs) are subject to multiple experiences of mental and reproductive health issues. The study assessed the impact of a program based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), named Honing Effective Acceptance of oneself to Rebuild Valued Transformation (HEART). It aims to help CSWs to address needs and fulfill their aspirations despite experiences of suffering and distress. The intervention lasted six (6) sessions, with the entirety of the pre- and post-intervention, HEART program, and interviews spanning 13 days. The study utilized a snowball sampling approach, whereby thirty-two 32 CSWs were initially recruited, with a final count of twelve (12) CSWs obtained through a preliminary examination. A mixed methods approach, particularly the sequential explanatory technique was used to analyze the data. Quantitative results show significant increases in overall needs (p = .002) and aspirations (p = .002) pre-intervention and immediate post-intervention. Furthermore, significant results were found for both needs and aspirations (p = .002) pre-intervention and follow-up after two weeks. For immediate post-intervention versus follow-up, only needs (p = .003) and not aspirations (p = .587) was significant. For the three comparisons, there were significant differences in all sub-domains of needs and aspirations except for immediate post-intervention versus follow-up after two weeks. CSWs who participated regarded the program positively, noting significant changes occurring after their participation.
Incidencia de aborto en tiempos de COVID-19 en el Hospital de Lircay II-1, marzo 2020 a febrero 2021
Authors: Mallcco Quispe Richar , Gamarra Taype Xiomara Alena , Mendoza Vilcahuaman Jenny
Published: September 2021

El trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la incidencia del aborto en tiempos de COVID-19 en el hospital de Lircay II-1 de marzo 2020 - febrero 2021. El estudio fue de tipo observacional, retrospectivo, transversal y descriptivo; la muestra fue de 72 gestantes con diagnóstico de aborto y seleccionadas mediante los criterios de inclusión; se utilizó la técnica de análisis documental y el instrumento la ficha de recolección de datos. Los resultados muestran que la incidencia de aborto fue 4,8% y de estos abortos el 29,2% de mujeres fueron COVID-19 positivas; las características epidemiológicas  encontradas fueron: la edad de 20 a 29 años, nivel de instrucción secundaria 55%, estado civil conviviente 41,7%, dentro de las características obstétricas, con una edad gestacional <12 semanas, son multigestas el 45,8% ; la característica clínica predominante fue el sangrado vaginal con un70,8% , la complicación más frecuente fue la anemia con un 78% y más de la mitad de los abortos fue incompleto 75%. En conclusión, la incidencia de aborto en tiempos de COVID – 19 en el hospital de Lircay II – 1 en el periodo marzo 2020 a febrero 2021 fue baja.
The association between BMI and 90-day mortality in patients with and without diabetes seeking care at the emergency department
Authors: Wändell Per , Carlsson Axel C. , Larsson Anders , Melander Olle , Wessman Torgny , Ärnlöv Johan , Ruge Toralph
Published: September 2021

Background: The impact of body mass index (BMI) on mortality varies with age and disease states. The aim of this research study was to analyse the associations between BMI categories and short- and long-term mortality in patients with or without diabetes seeking care at the emergency department (ED) with acute dyspnoea.

Population and methods: Patients aged ≥18 years at ED during daytime on weekdays from March 2013 to July 2018 were included. Participants were triaged according to the Medical Emergency Triage and Treatment System-Adult score (METTS-A), and blood samples were collected. Totally, 1,710 patients were enrolled, with missing values in 113, leaving 1,597 patients, 291 with diabetes and 1,306 without diabetes. The association between BMI and short-term (90-day) and long-term (mean follow-up time 2.1 years) mortality was estimated by Cox regression with normal BMI (18.5–24.9) as referent category, with adjustment for age, sex, METTS-A scoring, glomerular filtration rate, smoking habits and cardiovascular comorbidity in a fully adjusted model. The Bonferroni correction was also used.

Results: Regarding long-term mortality, patients with diabetes and BMI category ≥30 kg/m2 had a fully adjusted Hazard Ratio (HR) of 0.40 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.23–0.69), significant after the Bonferroni correction. Amongst patients without diabetes, those with underweight had an increased risk but only of borderline significance, whilst risks in those with overweight or obesity did not differ from reference.

Regarding short-term mortality, risks did not differ from reference amongst patients with or without diabetes.

Conclusions: We found divergent long-term mortality risks in patients with and without diabetes, with lower risk in obese patients (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) with diabetes, but no increased risk for patients without diabetes and overweight (BMI: 25–29.9 kg/m2) and obesity.
A Study on Anti-Money Laundering: Principles And Perceptions in Context to India
Authors: Harika R. , Ramresh V. N. V. Sai
Published: September 2021

Tax evasion is the focal turn of numerous genuine offenses. Hacking frameworks or laundering cash has become an extraordinary calling of individuals where they exploit distinctive monetary and general sets of laws of various nations. AML is needed to make the country less appealing for the launderers, in this manner shielding the monetary area from functional and reputational hazards. To have a thorough paper, the paper is partitioned into four sections. Part I opens up with clarifying the ideas and cycles of tax evasion calling attention to the causes and methods of illegal tax avoidance. Part II moves with rules and guidelines/control instruments to manage the issue of illegal tax avoidance. Considering the previously mentioned conversation Part III continues in expounding the ideas to have a decent enemy of tax evasion system. The paper is the principal endeavor to move toward AML Bill 2008 to combat money laundering.
Intra-abdominal pressure for predicating extubation failure in mechanically ventilated patients: it does work
Authors: Chen Qian , Zou Junjun , Zhang Beilei , Cui Feifei , Shen Meifen , Qu Mingyan
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Reducing the extubation failure is vital to the early recovery of patients with mechanical ventilation(MV). We aimed to explore the predictive value of the change of intra-abdominal pressure(ΔIAP) before extubation on the extubation failure in MV patients.

Material and methods

Patients undergone MV for more than 24 hours were selected. We used a urodynamic monitor to measure ΔIAP 30 minutes before extubation. The characteristics and prognosis of MV patients were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of ΔIAP for extubation failure.

Results

A total of 173 MV patients were included. The risks of extubation failure increased with the decrease of ΔIAP. The risk of extubation failure in ΔIAP≤21mmHg group was 5.7 times that of the ΔIAP≥38mmHg group (OR 5.7, 95%CI 1.5-22.0), the risk of extubation failure in ΔIAP 22～37 mmHg group was 3.8 times that of the ΔIAP≥38mmHg group (OR 3.8, 95%CI 1.0-15.3). The area under the curve (AUC) predicted by ΔIAP for extubation failure was 0.721, the cutoff value was 31mmHg with 82.8% sensitivity and 48.6% specificity. There were no significant differences in the duration of MV, length of ICU stay, and death in ICU of the three groups of patients (all P>0.05).

Conclusions

The ΔIAP has good reference value for predicting extubation failure, which is negatively correlated with the risk of extubation failure in patients with MV. For MV patients with ΔIAP≤31mmHg, they may have higher risk of extubation failure, early alert and interventions are highlighted for those patients.
Safety of Denosumab Versus Zoledronic Acid in Patients with Bone-related Diseases
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Wenhao , Li Ye
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Both Dmab and ZA have been widely used in the prevention and treatment of bone-related diseases, while which drug is an optimal treatment in terms of safety and efficacy remains controversial.

Material and methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched up to 1st January 2021, and were evaluated by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Randomized controlled trials comparing Dmab versus ZA in patients with bone-related diseases were included.

Results

A total of 13 studies involving 21042 participants were included. The incidence of total adverse events was significantly lower in patients receiving Dmab treatment than in those undergoing ZA treatment(OR= 0.84, 95% CI = 0.75–0.94, P = 0.003). 9 trials comparing Dmab with ZA further showed that Dmab was significantly better than ZA in controlling serious adverse events (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.85–0.99, P = 0.02). Compared to ZA, Dmab was correlated with a lower incidence of skeletal-related events (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.70–0.85, P = 0.00001). However, no significant difference was found in the rate of infection events between Dmab and ZA (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.93–1.20, P =0.39).

Conclusions

This study demonstrated superiority of Dmab over ZA in treating bone-related diseases in terms of safety and efficacy.
Do personality traits have an impact on anxiety
levels of athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Üngür Gamze , Karagözoğlu Cengiz
Published: September 2021

Introduction

The sports world is one of the sectors most affected by the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic. Athletes from specific sport disciplines have experienced the new situation in different ways. Therefore, understanding their individual experiences and psychological responses may help to design better intervention programs. Accordingly, this study investigated the relationship between athletes’ personality traits and anxiety in the light of their individual experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Material and methods

The COVID-19 impact questionnaire, Big Five Inventory-35, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered to 321 male and 168 female athletes in Turkey from various sport disciplines. At the time of data collection, training and competitions had been canceled in all sports for two months.

Results

Most athletes (70.7%) were worried about being infected with SARS-CoV-2 if competitions were to restart soon. The regression analyses revealed that emotional stability, extroversion, and age were negative predictors of state anxiety; emotional stability, extroversion, and conscientiousness were negative predictors of trait anxiety; agreeableness was a positive predictor of state anxiety. Athletes who perceived that their relationships with family or close friends worsened during home confinement (17.2%) had significantly higher state anxiety and trait anxiety scores than those who perceived a positive relationship change (28%) or no relationship change (54.8%). The agreeableness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability scores of athletes who perceived a negative relationship change with family or close friends were also significantly lower than for athletes who perceived no change or a positive change.

Conclusions

Overall, personality traits affected athletes’ anxiety levels and their relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Comparison of Urinary Tract Dilatation and Society of Fetal Urology systems in the detection of vesicourethral reflux and renal scar
Authors: Mert Dogan Gulec , Sigirci Ahmet , Cengiz Aslinur , Demiroz Tasolar Sevgi , Yıldız Turan , Tabel Yilmaz , Taner Elmas Ahmet , Otlu Muge , Murat Dogan Sait
Published: September 2021

Introduction

The presence and degree of hydronephrosis is very important in the management of many diseases of the urinary tract. In this study, we aim to compare the sensitivity and specificity of 2 classification systems that are used for hydro­nephrosis grading in ultrasound, for reflux and scar detection. The classification systems were the Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) and Urinary Tract Dilatation (UTD).

Material and methods

Ultrasounds and dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphies (DMSA) of all patients who underwent voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) due to urinary tract infection were examined retrospectively. DMSA was accepted for scar detection and VCUG for reflux detection as reference methods. SFU classification was used for hydronephrosis in ultrasound reports, and UTD classification was made over the reports. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of UTD and SFU classification systems for reflux and scar detection were calculated, and these 2 systems were compared.

Results

103 (39%) of the patients were male and 162 (61%) were female. Pathologies were detected in 192 (35%) of 530 kidneys in ultrasound. In 110 (42%) of the children, reflux was detected in VCUG. Scars in DMSA were detected in only 16% (44) of 266 kidneys. Sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values of the UTD classification system were statistically significantly higher than the SFU system for scar and reflux detection (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

If we use the UTD system in ultrasounds of patients with urinary tract infections, children reported as UTD 0 may not need VCUG, which reduces radiation exposure to children and the cost of the diagnostic interventions.
Arterial spin labeling in neonatal magnetic resonance imaging – first experience and new observations
Authors: Bekiesińska-Figatowska Monika , Szkudlińska-Pawlak Sylwia , Kwaśniewicz Piotr , Duczkowska Agnieszka , Ring Marcin , Iwanowska Beata , Sawicki Marcin
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a noninvasive non-contrast technique of perfusion imaging that uses endogenous water from the blood as the perfusion tracer, with very scant data on its use in neonates. The authors present the added value of ASL in the examined babies in their own material and discuss it in the light of the existing literature.

Material and methods

During the first 10 months after the purchase of a new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner, 123 neonates were examined using it in an MR-compatible incubator, 117 of them had brain MRI, and in 104 ASL was incorporated in the routine protocol, which resulted in prolongation of the study time by approximately 4 minutes. 3D ASL sequence uses Pulsed Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling (PCASL; aka pseudo continuous) technique.

Results

The quality of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) maps was good in all cases but 2 because all the babies were sedated. Apart from the knowledge about normal perfusion patterns in the preterm and term neonatal brains, the use of ASL sequence provided important additional information in 11 cases (10.8%): increased CBF correlating with electroencephalographic seizure localization in otherwise normal MRI (n = 1), increased CBF in the cortex without clinical information about seizures and with posthaemorrhagic changes (n = 1), increased CBF in the brain stem and decreased in the upper parts of the brain (n = 2), probably reflecting the homeostatic mechanism which allows preferential perfusion of the vital structures of the brain stem, hypoperfusion (n = 1) or hypoperfusion with peripheral hyperperfusion (n = 1) in the area of stroke, hypoperfusion of the posterior areas of the brain in the presence of subarachnoid or epidural haemorrhage (n = 3), significantly increased CBF in the presumed nidus of arteriovenous malformation causing haemorrhage (n = 1), and lack of perfusion in the supratentorial compartment in a case of suspected brain death (n = 1).

Conclusions

Our short experience but relatively large volume of material encourages the use of ASL in routine neonatal MRI as a useful and non-time-consuming tool providing additional important clinical information in a significant percentage of cases.
Factors affecting high cumulative radiation exposure from paediatric computed tomography
Authors: Tangsiwong Thipsumon , Phewplung Teerasak , Trinavarat Panruethai
Published: September 2021

Introduction

To estimate occurrence rate of high cumulative radiation exposure from paediatric computed tomography (CT), and to determine influential factors on high-dose inclination.

Material and methods

Patients below 18 years old receiving at least 50 mSv of a cumulative dose during a 5-year period in a tertiary care centre were retrospectively enrolled. Individual patient characteristics, diagnoses, frequency of exa­minations, scanner sites, designated scans, and effective doses were recorded. Collective doses were compared among groups of the diagnoses and scanner sites, and regression analyses were applied.

Results

Of 2771 patients, 3.2% received individual cumulative doses between 50 and 303 mSv (median, 74 mSv). Frequency of examinations ranged from 1 to 13 times (median, 4 times) per patient. About 70% of the patients had oncological illness. Radiation was predominantly high in a CT simulator that could contribute the percentage of collective dose to twice that of examinations owing to higher scanning parts and CT dose index. Some scanner sites used higher acquisition phases. Regression analysis showed that the number of scanning parts and phases significantly influenced the cumulative dose inclination (p < 0.05) while frequent examinations did not.

Conclusions

There was a low occurrence of paediatrics with high dose accumulation. Significant factors affecting potentially high exposure were customized CT protocols in the specific scanners.
Ultrasonography in soft-tissue foreign-body detection: a phantom study
Authors: Tok Sermin , Kadioglu Emine
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Foreign body implantation into the soft tissues, either in the early period or late period, is a common cause of emergency department admissions. Direct X-rays are preferred in the diagnosis of soft-tissue foreign-bodies. Herein, we aimed to analyse the detection rates of foreign bodies of various sizes placed in phantoms implanted into soft tissue by ultrasonography.

Material and methods

A total of 740 pieces of chicken fillet were prepared as phantoms. No objects were implanted into 100 phantoms. We inserted glass, porcelain, plastic, wood, pencil tip, chicken bone, iron, walnut shell, and fishbone with a length of < 1 cm, 1-3 cm, and 3-5 cm into 20 pieces of chicken phantom in each size of foreign body (FB). In addition, 1-3 cm long peanut shell, < 1 cm rose spikes, < 1 cm cactus thorns, < 1 cm pellets, and < 1 cm staples were inserted into 20 pieces of chicken for each object. Each of the chicken pieces was placed inside a latex glove and examined by ultrasonography.

Results

The sensitivity of ultrasonography in the detection of the cactus thorn was 5%, whereas it ranged between 82.5 and 100% for other objects. For glass, plastic, wood, iron, and fishbone, we found that when the size exceeded 1 cm, the sensitivity increased.

Conclusions

In the evaluation of soft tissue FBs, as the size of the FBs increases, the diagnostic value of ultrasonography increases.
The Emotional Landscape of Abelard ’s Planctus David super Saul et Ionatha
Authors: Williams Carol J.
Published: September 2021

In Abelard’s Letter 16 addressed to ‘Héloise, sister to be revered in Christ
and loved’, he refers to a set of six planctus or laments written in the voices
of a number of Old Testament characters The last of these, Planctus 6, in
which David laments for Saul and Jonathan, is probably the most famous
and is the only one for which a reliable, original music setting survives.
The laments are all in the first person and provide a deeply personal
reflection on the tragic events which inspired them; they are virtuosic in
language and almost shockingly intense in emotional range. This study
examines Planctus 6 considering the link between Abelard’s language
and the expression of specific emotions and, wherever possible, examines
how music serves to intensify that expression.
A Sense of Proportion
Authors: Crossley John N.
Published: September 2021

Boethian arithmetic formed the basis of music theory for the medieval
encyclopedist, Jacobus. His monumental Speculum musicae shows us how
people around 1300, and particularly in the University of Paris, were slowly
accommodating themselves to the newly rediscovered works of Aristotle,
while the long-known works of Euclid and Boethius still gave a definitive
theoretical basis to music. Not without effort Jacobus reworked Boethius
and went further, though still using Boethian techniques. One difficulty
he encountered was the problem of dividing the tone into two equal parts.
In Praise of Women
Authors: James Carolyn
Published: September 2021

Giovanni Sabadino degli Arienti’s Gynevera de le clare donne, a manuscript
collection of 31 female biographies, completed in early 1492, aimed to
defend, and even to normalize, the exercise of political authority by elite
women. Based loosely on Giovanni Boccaccio’s De mulieribus claris,
but written in Italian, not Latin, it departed radically from its model by
excluding women who had acquired notoriety through wickedness or been
undone by the supposedly innate failings of their sex. Instead, it focused
on those who had achieved worldly renown through remarkable, but
always virtuous, conduct. This essay analyzes the cultural and political
context of this text and why it found favor with women such as the young
Isabella d’Este, marchioness of Mantua.
Introduction: Women Artists in the Early Modern Courts of Europe, c. 1450–1700
Authors: Jones Tanja L.
Published: September 2021

Jones provides an introduction to the topic of women artists in the Early Modern
courts, considering issues of historiography, terminology, and the state of related
literature. She also addresses the value of the digital humanities – and network
mapping/visualizations in particular – to the study of the topic, introducing the
multi-faceted project Global Makers: Women Artists in the Early Modern Courts.
Female Court Artists: Women’s Career Strategies in the Courts of the Early Modern Period
Authors: Strunck Christina
Published: September 2021

Based on a survey of the careers of forty-three female artists who worked at European
courts c. 1500–1800, Christina Strunck argues that female court artists’ roles, obligations,
and career strategies differed significantly from those of their male colleagues.
Women artists at court were often regarded as mirabilia (marvels) – a notion many
actively encouraged by cultivating unusual artistic techniques. Nevertheless, the
reduced range of artistic activities permitted women at court reflected the general
hierarchy of the sexes there. Thus, the courts perpetuated a situation in which only
men could achieve the status of ‘genius’ while, it is suggested, commissions from the
middle class ultimately helped ambitious female painters gain greater autonomy.
Caterina van Hemessen in the Habsburg Court of Mary of Hungary
Authors: Courts Jennifer
Published: September 2021

Jennifer Courts considers the career of Caterina van Hemessen, a portraitist and
a member of the court of Mary of Hungary. Her virtues as a painter were praised
by contemporaries, and she is recognized by modern scholars for her artistic
innovation; yet signed paintings by the artist ceased at approximately the same
time she entered courtly service. Rather than viewing painting as the pinnacle of
her career, the author argues that Caterina’s artistic output served as a means of
social mobility. The author also suggests that van Hemessen’s activities created
opportunities for subsequent artists, notably Sofonisba Anguissola, who arrived at
the Habsburg court in Spain after shortly after van Hemessen’s departure in 1558.