bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pandemic restrictions in 2020 highlight the significance of non-road NOx sources in central London
Authors: Cliff Samuel J. , Drysdale Will , Lee James D. , Helfter Carole , Nemitz Eiko , Metzger Stefan , Barlow Janet F.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Fluxes of nitrogen oxides (NOx=NO+NO2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) were measured using eddy covariance at the British Telecommunications (BT) Tower in central London during the coronavirus pandemic. Comparing fluxes to those measured in 2017 prior to the pandemic restrictions and the introduction of the Ultra-Low Emissions Zone (ULEZ) highlighted a 73 % reduction in NOx emissions between the two periods but only a 20 % reduction in CO2 emissions and a 32 % reduction in traffic load. Use of a footprint model and the London Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (LAEI) identified transport and heat and power generation to be the two dominant sources of NOx and CO2 but with significantly different relative contributions for each species. Application of external constraints on NOx and CO2 emissions allowed the reductions in the different sources to be untangled, identifying that transport NOx emissions had reduced by >73 % since 2017. This was attributed in part to the success of air quality policy in central London but crucially due to the substantial reduction in congestion that resulted from pandemic-reduced mobility. Spatial mapping of the fluxes suggests that central London was dominated by point source heat and power generation emissions during the period of reduced mobility. This will have important implications on future air quality policy for NO2 which, until now, has been primarily focused on the emissions from diesel exhausts.
Measurement report: Emission factors of NH3 and NHx for wildfires and agricultural fires in the United States
Authors: Tomsche Laura , Piel Felix , Mikoviny Tomas , Nielsen Claus J. , Guo Hongyu , Campuzano-Jost Pedro , Nault Benjamin A. , Schueneman Melinda K. , Jimenez Jose L. , Halliday Hannah , Diskin Glenn , DiGangi Joshua P. , Nowak John B. , Wiggins Elizabeth B. , Gargulinski Emily , Soja Amber J. , Wisthaler Armin
Published: February 2023

Abstract. During the 2019 Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) study, the NASA DC-8 carried out in situ chemical measurements in smoke plumes emitted from wildfires and agricultural fires in the contiguous United States. The DC-8 payload included a modified proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) for the fast measurement of gaseous ammonia (NH3) and a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) for the fast measurement of submicron particulate ammonium (NH4+). We herein report data collected in smoke plumes emitted from 6 wildfires in the Western United States, 2 prescribed grassland fires in the Central United States, 1 prescribed forest fire in the Southern United States, and 66 small agricultural fires in the Southeastern United States. Smoke plumes contained double to triple digit ppb levels of NH3. In the wildfire plumes, a significant fraction of NH3 had already been converted to NH4+ at the time of sampling (≥2 h after emission). Substantial amounts of NH4+ were also detected in freshly emitted smoke from corn and rice field fires. We herein present a comprehensive set of emission factors of NH3 and NHx, with NHx=NH3+NH4+. Average NH3 and NHx emission factors for wildfires in the Western United States were 1.86±0.75 g kg−1 and 2.47±0.80 g kg−1 of fuel burned, respectively. Average NH3 and NHx emission factors for agricultural fires in the Southeastern United States were 0.89±0.58 and 1.74±0.92 g kg−1, respectively. Our data show no clear inverse correlation between modified combustion efficiency (MCE) and NH3 emissions. The observed NH3 emissions were significantly higher than measured in previous laboratory experiments in the FIREX FireLab 2016 study.
تحليل مكاني للنساء المستفيدات من شبكة الحماية الاجتماعية في محافظة صلاح الدين لعام 2021 - دراسة تطبيقية
Authors: سلطان سعيد فاضل
Published: February 2023

يعد الفقر أحد المؤشرات التي تؤثر في بناء المجتمع وتطوره ، وله ابعاده في التخلف الاقتصادي، والاجتماعي والصحي والامني ويمثل مجموعة من الضغوط المعقدة التي يصعب معالجتها، خاصة إذا ما تركت تستأصل داخل ذلك المجتمع، لذلك جاءت هذه الدراسة عن النساء المستفيدات من شبكة الحماية الاجتماعية في صلاح الدين لعام 2021، خاصة وان هذه الشريحة تعاني كثيراً من المشكلات وازدادت بعد عام 2014، إذ دمرت منازل قسم منهن ولم تحصل على أي تعويضات، وقسم منهم اصبحن ارامل بعد فقدان ازواجهم أو مطلقات ويضاعف معاناتهم أن لديهن اطفال يتراوح عددهم من طفل إلى اكثر من ستة اطفال، ومع الجهود المبذولة من قبل شبكة الحماية الاجتماعية وبحسب قدراتها على اعالة هذه الفئة الا انها لا زالت دون مستوى الطموح، لضخامة الاعداد التي تحتاج إلى مساعدة وخاصة بعد ارتفاع مستويات الفقر لهذا العام، كل هذا اضاف اعباء ومشكلات اخرى منها ارتفاع معدلات اليتم وتسرب الاطفال والتسول مع الامراض لكبيرات السن، مما يستدعي دراسة هذه الظاهرة لوضع بعض الحلول والمقترحات من اجل رفع مستوى رعايتهن وجعلهن نساءً مساهمات في تنمية المحافظة واستقرارها الامني والاجتماعي والاقتصادي، ولهذا جاءت هذه الدراسة لتكشف عن اهم المشكلات والصعوبات ومن الله التوفيق.
Percepción de los periodistas andaluces sobre la rueda de prensa online como herramienta de relaciones públicas en la pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Godoy Martín Francisco Javier
Published: February 2023

La pandemia de COVID-19 cambió las rutinas profesionales en el sector de la comunicación. Ante una situación de confinamiento y prolongación de la crisis sanitaria en el tiempo, organizaciones y periodistas tuvieron que adaptarse a una nueva situación en la que la rueda de prensa online se convirtió en un recurso habitual. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el uso de este recurso por parte de los gabinetes de comunicación y la percepción de los periodistas en Andalucía. Para ello, se ha planteado un estudio descriptivo basado en una metodología cuantitativa cuya principal técnica ha sido la encuesta, contestada por 188 periodistas de todas las provincias andaluzas. Los resultados muestran que la rueda de prensa online es un recurso de gran utilidad tanto para las organizaciones como para los periodistas, aunque plantea ciertas preocupaciones para estos profesionales, especialmente en el acceso a las fuentes y la posibilidad de repreguntar.
Las series documentales de Netflix en España. Un desafío a las normas clásicas de la serialidad
Authors: Naranjo Adrià , Nevado Ignacio , Fernández-Ramírez Laura
Published: February 2023

Esta investigación analiza el impacto que ha tenido el estreno único de Netflix en las dinámicas propias de la serialidad. La digitalización de la televisión ha modificado profundamente el medio y el binge watching y el abandono del estreno semanal han cambiado por completo el consumo y la creación de ficciones. Para abordar esta cuestión, se analizan las cuatro series documentales que ha producido la compañía en España: Examen de conciencia (2019), El caso Alcàsser (2019), La Línea: La sombra del narco (2020) y Nevenka (2021). Al eliminar la espera entre los episodios las tramas capitulares desbordan la entrega y los seriales no siguen los patrones vinculados a la especulación. Consecuentemente, las entregas pierden su unidad formal o, directamente, se abandona la serialidad como modelo narrativo. Este cambio de paradigma refuerza la idea de que, al modificar la metodología de distribución, también se alteran las características sintácticas de los productos.
New Strategies for Old Dilemmas: Unraveling how Spanish Regional Public Service Media Face the Platformization Process
Authors: Cañedo Azahara , Galletero Campos Belén , Centellas David , López Cepeda Ana María
Published: February 2023

The current global media scenario, dominated by private transnational conglomerates that operate in a multiplatform context, brings the debate on the future of public service media (PSM) back to the fore. These operators are facing a redefinition of their operational strategy, not only in their linear broadcasting but also in the online space. Through in-depth interviews with the digitization managers, this article studied the case of Spanish regional PSM to analyze how these corporations are adapting to the new scenario through the development of their own video-on-demand (VoD) websites. The results show that these corporations are in their infancy in the platformization experience, operating without a sound strategy. In addition, this study identifies how the dilemmas historically faced by PSM have been reconverted into emerging identity, economic, and legitimacy challenges that require new strategies.
El pódcast como estrategia de creación y distribución de contenidos sonoros dentro del entorno digital de la radio en Colombia
Authors: Barrios Rubio Andrés , Reyes Espitia Juan Felipe
Published: February 2023

Cultura sonora de los colombianos se ve impactada por la penetración del pódcast y la competencia que ello implica para el modelo de negocio y las rutinas productivas de la industria radiofónica, paso de la antena al Smartphone. Desde un método mixto, cuantitativo -audición de 89 pódcast- y cualitativo -entrevista en profundidad-, a través de 10 categorías de análisis, esta investigación se aproximó a 8 agentes radiofónicos con el objetivo de determinar cuál es el contexto de la creación y difusión del pódcast en Colombia. Conexidad del medio radio con el pódcast es notoria, sin embargo, se observa que las emisoras se han demorado en reaccionar y comprender las necesidades de una audiencia inmersa en los dispositivos de pantalla. La radio seguirá siendo un referente en temas de contenidos auditivos, pero la oferta sonora debe ir más allá de lo que se puede escuchar en la antena tradicional.
Terminalia arjuna (Arjun Tree): A Sacred plant with high Medicinal and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Yadav Sheetal , Kaushik Sulochana , Kumar Chhikara Sunil , Singh Sandeep , Parkash Yadav Jaya , Kaushik Samander
Published: February 2023

It is believed from ancient times that more than 80-85% of drugs used to treat harmful diseases are obtained from plants. Synthetic medicines are increasing presently, but they have a lot of side effects and are costly. Therefore, people are looking towards medicinal plants. The present review is on Terminalia arjuna, popularly known as the Arjun tree or 'God of Heart' due to its high utility in treating the heart. The morphology, phytochemicals, and biogenic properties of the T. arjuna are explained. It contains tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids secondary metabolites, which show therapeutic potential. T. arjuna has antimutagenic, cardioprotective, hyper-cholesterolaemic, hypolipidemic, anticoagulant, antithrombotic, antiviral, antimalarial, antioxidant, antifungal, and antibacterial properties.
Reverse Pharmacology: An Innovative Approach to the Study of Herbs
Authors: Awari Devyani , Awari Deorao , Wankhede Sagar , Ganjiwale Rajendra , Rathi Lalit
Published: February 2023

Despite significant advances in high throughput assays, the current state of drug discovery and development is facing an insurmountable challenge. For this reason, new methods for drug research are urgently needed. Ayurveda was used by almost 70% of Indians. The systematic and research-based search and investigation of native plants for beneficial and therapeutic effects should be modified. For this clarification, new scenarios and approaches were developed and developed Ayurvedic epidemiology, observational studies, and reverse pharmacological methods have produced remarkable achievements, indications, and components for a wide variety of diseases and conditions. The potential phytobase entity will appear in future scaffolds for medicinal chemists to increase potency while reducing toxicity. Many native medicinal herbs have been shown to be effective. Mucuna pruriens eggs are effective in treating Parkinson's disease, the Nycthanthes plant arbor-tritis is effective in treating malaria, and Phyllanthus amarus is used in treating hepatitis. Reverse pharmacology is used by several groups around the world for drug development of new formulations, chemicals, and baits.
Practicing Telemedicines in India
Authors: Ramasamy S. , Sharma Keerti , Mishra Preeti , Gupta Reena , Gupta Jitendra , Kumar Verma Amit
Published: February 2023

The great use of telecommunication technology propels new healthcare system of telemedicine through which diagnosis as well as treatment can be done in the remote areas. The ancient Greek language explain the terminology of telemedicine in the phrase of distance healing. As per WHO, Telemedicine is the delivery of health-care services, where distance is a critical factor, by all health-care professionals using information and communications technologies for the exchange of valid information for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease and injuries, research and evaluation, and the continuing education of health-care workers, with the aim of advancing the health of individuals and communities. Historically the concept of teleconsultation was evolved in the first half of twentieth century when the data of ECG was communicated through telephone lines, this can be traced as first evidence of this unique healthcare system. Further the introduction of electrical system of telegraph as well as evolution of telephone revolutionized this system of healthcare. when the Technology of telemedicine help both patients as well as service providers in multiple ways involving physicians, surgeons, pharmacists, paramedical staff, IT and electronics engineers, government, hospitals and end user public Location is now a days no problem and therefore there is no limitation of the availability of healthcare facilities to such location or remote location. The biggest role in such development is played by the communication technology which may provide healthcare services to every nook and corner of the location. It can decrease the health staff pressure because in India WHO guidelines ask to maintain the ratio 1:1000 of doctor and Indian public compared to present 0.62:1000 ratio of doctor and public. The great advantage of this system is that in case of epidemic or pandemic like COVID 19 Telemedicine can keep the health staff are well general public free from contagious infection (COVID-19). There are a number of networking communication modes that can be applied, which may improve the patient compliance,dosage regimen can be managed in better fashion thus increase the longevity of person life. Disasters management during pandemics present unique challenges which can be addressed effectively as happened during the lockdown. This technology-based practice can break the infectivity chain of the transmission of communicable diseases This chapter incorporates basic concept of telemedicine, its origin and types, communication technologies, services by telemedicine, types of telemedicine, tools of telemedicine, telemedicine software’s and guidelines related to practicingtelemedicine in reference to Indian context.
Students’ Perception on The Use of Zoom Application in English Language Learning at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Palembang
Authors: Kumalasari Diah , Syahri Indawan , Rositasari Tri , Badius Rara
Published: February 2023

This study entitled Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Zoom Application in English Language Learning at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Palembang. The main problem of this study was students’ Perception on the Use of Zoom Application in English Language Learning at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Palembang. The objective of this study was to find out the students’ Perception on the Use of Zoom Application in English Language Learning. The subject of this study were thirty-three students of SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Palembang. This study used aqualitativemethod. The instruments in collecting the data was questionnaire.Based on the students answer from questionnaire, theresearchers concluded that most of students had negative perception about using Zoomapplication in learning English. The students also hasa perceptionthat zoom application was not to effective media to help the students in learning English.

Keywords: Students’ Perception, Zoom Application, English Learning.
SISTEM INFORMASI ADMINISTRASI KEPENDUDUKAN PADA KANTOR KELURAHAN TETANDARA KECAMATAN ENDE SELATAN BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Lado Fransiskus Ermando
Published: February 2023

The Tetandara Village Office, South Ende District, Ende Regency, has an information system in the form of a manual and not yet automated so that it is slow in the process of adding, changing and deleting data and other resident data collections. The purpose of making the Population Administration Information System at the Tetandara Village Office is to help provide alternative solutions to problems in the Tetandara Village. The method in this research by utilizing certain techniques, namely observation, interviews and literature study. The result of this research is a set of Population Administration Information System software in Tetandara Village. The conclusion of this study is that the design of this information system provides a lot of convenience in the population administration process.
RANCANG BANGUN E-LEARNIG PADA SMPS KATOLIK MATER INVIOLATA LARANTUKA BERBASIS WEBSITE
Authors: Riberu Hendrikus S. E.
Published: February 2023

The learning process at the Mater Inviolata Larantuka Catholic Junior High School using conventional or face-to-face methods was disrupted due to the Covid-19 pandemic that hit Indonesia, learning at the Mater Inviolata Larantuka Catholic Junior High School which was originally conventional, namely teachers and students carried out the teaching and learning process directly in the classroom. forced to carry out online, namely students learning and teaching teachers must continue even though students are at home. The purpose of this research is to design and build a website e-learning as a medium for student learning. The research methods used in this research are interviews, literature study, observation and questionnaires. Making this application using Adobe Dreamweaver and database. The expected result in making e-learning is to facilitate the learning and teaching process between teachers and students in online. It is hoped that this e-learning can help improve teaching and learning activities at Mater Inviolata Catholic Middle School Larantuka
To Determine Frequency and Outcome of Dyslipidemia in Diabetic Foot Patients
Authors: Khadim Farheen , Samin Kashif Ali , Baloch Amna , Yousaf Shahzia , Anjum Jahangir , Shafiq Saba
Published: February 2023

Objective: To determine frequency and outcome of Dyslipidemia in Diabetic foot patient Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration: Divisional Head Quarter Teaching (DHQ) Hospital Mirpur AJK from January 2021 to January 2022. Methodology: This study includes one hundred and thirty nine (139) patients with Type 2 diabetes and diabetic foot related complication. Patient diagnosed case of type2 DM on oral hypoglycemic agents or on insulin therapy of age >30 of either gender admitted with history of wound in lower limb confirmed on physical examination measuring ankle brachial pressure Index(ABPI) were evaluated for ulcer ,cellulitis and gangrene by using WAGNER's classification. Dyslipidemia is assessed in these patient by sending their fasting lipid profile and data is entered into specially designed Performa. Results: We found that majority of cases having abnormal lipid profile. Dyslipidemia with significant difference was found in diabetic foot patients, 54.7% (n=76) patients show HDL <35 ,56.1%(n=77 )have cholesterol >200mg/dl and 69.8%(n=97) have TAG>150mg/dl. 29.5% patient with diabetes have superficial ulcer, while deep ulcer, cellulitis, localized and extensive gangrene was found with percentage of 31.7% , 20.1% ,10.8%, 7.9% respectively . Conclusion: We concluded that Dyslipidemia is a modifiable risk factor for diabetic foot related complications. So diabetic patients must be advised regular Lipid Profile to decrease risk of diabetic foot related complication. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Dyslipidemia, Diabetic foot, PAD and neuropathy
Perinatal Outcome in Patients of Antepartum Haemorrhage
Authors: Dahri Bakhtawar , Taj Iram , Taj Aisha , Nadeem Tooba , Nisa Karamun
Published: February 2023

Objectives: To determine the perinatal outcome in patients of antepartum haemorrhage at tertiary care hospital. Study design: descriptive, case series. Settings: Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Liaquat National Hospital Karachi. Study duration: 3rd November 2018 to 2nd May 2019. Materials & Methods: Total 132 patients with antepartum haemorrhage of 15-45 years of age were selected. Congenital anomalies detected on ultrasonography were excluded. A detailed history including patient’s age, parity, gestational age, and presenting complaints was taken. A general examination with recording of vital signs was performed followed by systemic examination. All parameters of maternal and fetal well-being were recorded. All cases with antepartum haemorrhage were evaluated and perinatal outcome of patients with antepartum haemorrhage was recorded including low birth weight, still birth and neonatal death. Results: Age range in this study was from 15 to 45 years with mean age of 28.94 ± 4.23 years. Majority of the patients 79 (59.85%) were between 15 to 30 years of age. Mean gestational age was 33.20 ± 3.92 weeks. Mean parity was 3.13 ± 0.89. Mean amount of bleeding per vagina was 845.33 ± 67.22 ml. In this study, frequency of perinatal outcome in patients of antepartum haemorrhage was as follows; low birth weight was found in 71 (53.79%), stillborn in 56 (42.42%) patients and neonatal death in 23 (17.42%) patients. Conclusion: This study concluded that a proper protocol should be designed in these high risk patients for antenatal monitoring and proper management plans in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality of the fetus. Keywords: Antepartum Haemorrhage, Low Birth Weight, Neonatal Death.
A Cross-Sectional Study on the Epidemiology of Urinary Tract Infection in Children and its Associated Risk Factors
Authors: Tahir Tufail Hussain , Muhammad Taj , Ullah Farman , Naz Rida
Published: February 2023

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most challenging and un-noticed infections in children, due to the migration of microbial flora from the fecal material to the urethra via perineum. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the incidence of UTI in children and their associated risk factors. Study Design: 362 patients were investigated and classified according to their age and gender. Methodology: Pediatric patients' urine samples were collected for urinalysis and urine culture for the confirmation of UTI. Place and Duration: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at DHQ Teaching Hospital, Dera Ismail Khan, in 2020-21 and 2021-22. Results: Positive results were observed in 31 of 362 samples (10.22%); prevalence was higher among female children (12.39%) than males (6.25%). There was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) across three age groups, infants being the most susceptible (14.90%), followed by children aged 1-5 years (7.08%) and 5-10 years (5.40%). Conclusion: Considering the high frequency of UTI in children and the difficulty in its diagnosis, due to the lack of specific symptoms, the study recommended that all pediatric patients with fever without obvious cause, the only clinical indicator, should be evaluated for UTI. Keywords: Dysurea; Pyrexia; Uncircumcised boys; Urosepsis.
Okul Öncesi Çocuklarda Oyun Terapisinin Ayrılık Kaygısı Üzerine Etkisi: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma
Authors: YILMAZ DEMİRER Öznur , TOPAN Aysel
Published: February 2023

Amaç: Okul öncesi çocuklarda oyun terapisinin ayrılık kaygısı üzerine etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılan ön test-son test kontrol gruplu deneysel bir çalışmadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın evrenini, iki ana okulda eğitim gören 3-5 yaş grubu 292 okul öncesi çocuk oluşturmuştur. Power analizine göre hesaplanan örneklem büyüklüğü deney grubunda 30; kontrol grubunda 30 toplam 60 okul öncesi çocuk üzerinde yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında; demografik bilgi formu, yeniden düzenlenen Okul Öncesi Kaygı Ölçeği ve Yuva Çocukları İçin Ayrılma Kaygı Ölçeği (Öğretmen Formu) kullanılmıştır. Deney grubuna altı oturumdan oluşan “Oyun Terapisi Programı” uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Ayrılma kaygı ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasındaki değişim değerlendirildiğinde; deney grubunda olan çocukların eğitim sonrası ayrılık kaygısındaki düşüş kontrol grubuna göre daha fazladır. Yeniden düzenlenen okul öncesi kaygı ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması ve alt maddelerdeki değişim değerlendirildiğinde; deney grubunda olan çocukların eğitim sonrasında meydana gelen ayrılık kaygısındaki düşüş istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p
CASE REPORT- AGENESIS OF ISTHMUS OF THYROID GLAND
Authors: Sugat G Kawale , S.V Pandit , Y.R Kulkarni
Published: February 2023

The thyroid gland is a highly vascular and ductless gland. The gland consist of two lateral lobes and an isthmus connecting them across the middle line thus giving ‘H’ shaped or butterfly shaped appearance to the gland. A wide range range of morphological variation and developmental anomalies of the gland and its neurovascular relations will help the surgeon in better planning of a safe and effective surgery. Key words- isthmus, thyroid gland.
DETERMINING FACTORS INFLUENCING IMPLEMENTATION OF HAND HYGIENE GUIDED BY WHO GUIDELINES AT THIKA LEVEL FIVE HOSPITAL
Authors: D.A Adero , Mutunga C, S Dr. Mwenda , O Evelyn KK
Published: February 2023

Background: Hand hygiene (HH) is any action of hand cleaning while maintaining good skin integrity. Proper HH prevents more than 50 % of hospital acquired infections. This study was carried out in May 2015. The aim of this study was to assess the level of implementation of WHO HH guidelines (moments of hand hygiene and hospital facilitation) among nurses working at Thika level five hospital.   

Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among nurses working at Thika level five hospital in May 2015. 140 respondents were selected using systematic random sampling. Data was collected using self-administered structured questionnaire and a standard HH checklist based on WHO guidelines. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 and Microsoft excel. Qualitative data was coded, categorized and analyzed using SPSS version 20.   

Results: The researcher then created a dummy variable which showed that 81 (57.9%) of the nurses were knowledgeable of hand washing recommended practices by WHO. However at 95% level of significance, nurses did not have adequate knowledge about hand washing hygiene practices as recommended by WHO guideline with a p value of 0.000. There was there was poor practice of hand hygiene practices compared to that stipulated by WHO with a p value of 0.000 at 95% level of significance. The facilitation variable showed that 40 (28.6%) of the nurses interviewed mentioned that there was adequate facilitation and access to hand hygiene but the P Value of 0.000 implies that we accept Ho. This implies that at 95% level of significance, there is inadequate facilitation of hand hygiene practices compared to that stipulated by WHO.

Conclusions: The results of the study suggest that the TPB provides a useful framework for conceptualizing HH among nurses. Though the healthcare institution ensured availability of most facilities/materials for effective hand hygiene practice, single us towels and alcohol hand rubs were inadequate; these two are very essential for effective outcome of hand cleaning. Several factors influenced implementation of hand hygiene guidelines e.g Availability especially for single use towels and availability of alcohol hand rub. Other factors included inadequate on job training of hand hygiene and inadequate guidelines availed to the nurses.   

Recommendations The infection control department should avail chances for continuous hand hygiene education, facilitate practice and provide and environment that promotes the right attitude towards implementation of hand hygiene within the facility
STUDENT NURSES’ PERCEIVED GAPS IN CLINICAL INSTRUCTION AT MACHAKOS LEVEL-5 HOSPITAL AND CHOGORIA MISSION HOSPITAL, EASTERN REGION OF KENYA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Kaloki L N  , Mwenda C S Mutunga , SitE Omondi
Published: February 2023

Background: Clinical instruction involves teaching students in the clinical area by qualified nurses (clinical instructors) focusing on the care of patients’ needs. It is a personal relationship between a student and clinical instructor. As opposed to classroom teaching which involves learning theory in a classroom setting, clinical instruction prepares students to integrate their previously acquired classroom knowledge with clinical skills and competencies

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish level of clinical Nurses’ preparedness in clinical instruction skills at Machakos level-5 and Chogoria Mission Hospitals, Eastern

Region of Kenya

Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study done at Machakos  Chogoria  Mission Hospitals. Methods: The target population included all student nurses from Chogoria School of nursing and KMTC Machakos. A sampling frame of nursing students from the two training institutions to obtain a random sample of 113 senior nursing students to participate in this study. Self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. 

Results: Student nurses perceived gaps in nurses’ ability to demonstrate a number of effective clinical instruction skills such as timely constructive feedback, response to students’ questions, and nurses’ organization in their wok among others,

Conclusion: Findings from this study demonstrate that lack of supervision, delayed feedback and unavailability of nurses to respond to student questions contributed to inadequate clinical instruction among nursing students.
Intervensi Penyetaraan Jabatan: Analisis Efektivitas Penyetaraan Jabatan Administrasi Ke Jabatan Fungsional Pada Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Maluku Utara
Authors: Tuasamu Hadi , Hadady Hartaty , Fahri Johan
Published: February 2023

Simplification of the structure and equalization of administrative positions is a bureaucratic streamlining program to realize fast, effective, and efficient public services, As is the priority program of the leadership of the president and vice president. The purpose of this study analysis is to analyze the effectiveness of the policy of equalizing administrative positions to functional positions in the Regional Secretariat of North Maluku Province. This study uses a descriptive analysis approach to explain and analyze the effectiveness of equalization of positions. The study data used is in the form of literature studies. The results of the study analysis show that the policy of equalizing administrative positions to functional positions has not been implemented effectively. The impact on the equalization of administrative positions into functional positions is still in accordance with the indicators of organizational efficiency. Administrative officers who are transferred to majority functional positions do not meet the educational and competency requirements required in the functional positions they will occupy, because the equalization of positions provides a lot of tolerance for the requirements of functional positions.
Identificación de las necesidades de la población residente y laborante del Centro Histórico de la Ciudad de San Miguel a través de placemaking, para planificación, diseño y gestión de los espacios públicos.
Authors: Hernández Durán Hernán José
Published: February 2023

Los Centros Históricos de las ciudades, originan la planeación del área urbana, el cual relaciona diversos aspectos: arquitectónicos, culturales, turísticos, y sociales. Siendo estos aspectos; las principales características a tener en cuenta para el desarrollo integral de los municipios. El turismo ofrece nuevas oportunidades para el desarrollo de las ciudades, el mantener del patrimonio arquitectónico resulta un factor de relevancia tanto municipal como estatal y por medio del turismo el valor al patrimonio histórico se vuelve un atractivo, arquitectónico y cultural. Esto dio origen al mantenimiento de monumentos nacionales de los Centros Históricos, a fin de ejecutar proyectos en sintonía con su arquitectura colonial.

La Ciudad de San Miguel posee un Centro Histórico de estilo Colonial, el cual ha sido ocupado poco a poco por vendedores formales e informales, el Parque Barrios es un ejemplo de cómo la necesidad de subsistir de las personas se han tomado espacios considerados patrimonio culturales convirtiéndola en mercado, es necesario la recuperación de estos patrimonios sin violentar los derechos y dignidad de las personas que laboran en estos espacios, y para esto es importante realizar un estudio de las necesidades de esta población para que se pueda realizar una propuesta reubicación a un nuevo mercado municipal que cumpla con las condiciones necesarias y posteriormente una recuperación, restauración del Parque Barrios a través de un placemaking, mejorando la imagen urbana de la ciudad, al recuperar estos espacios se generará en la ciudad un nuevo ambiente de seguridad, limpieza y convirtiendo a San Miguel en un lugar atractivo para la generación de inversiones nacionales y extranjeros.
Estimación de proyecciones para determinar el alcance de una endemia o epidemia en una población especifica utilizando modelos matemáticos de propagación de enfermedades infecciosas.
Authors: Hernández Pérez José Alfredo , Fuentes Velásquez José Antonio
Published: February 2023

La modelación de fenómenos matemáticos en la biología es una herramienta de gran utilidad para poder comprender de manera sencilla los problemas de la realidad; Al momento de analizar la transmisión de enfermedades, los modelos matemáticos basados en fenómenos epidemiológicos sirven para entender la mecánica de la propagación entre los miembros de una determinada población. Los modelos que sirven de base para este estudio de la dinámica de propagación de enfermedades son los modelos deterministas como son SIR, SEIR, SIS, los cuales son la base para obtener modelos más complejos.

Los métodos probabilísticos proporcionan poderosas herramientas para analizar y determinar el comportamiento de fenómenos, y si su comportamiento tiene naturaleza aleatoria, debido a esto es otra alternativa, se estudian estos fenómenos biológicos utilizando los procesos estocásticos, o modelación estocástica.

Debido a que las soluciones a estos problemas no se pueden obtener de manera analítica, por la naturaleza de estos, deben resolverse utilizando software y hacer las aproximaciones de las estimaciones mediante métodos numéricos, estas simulaciones se sobrepondrán con la simulación de los modelos y compararlos para encontrar tendencias que permitan predecir o estimar los alcances de las endemias o pandemias en estudio y así establecer bases que nos permitan aplicarlos a diferentes enfermedades, bajo los supuestos propios de cada caso.
“Really, We Should Have Been Playing Saz in a Little Room”: “New Wave” Turkish Migrants, Performance, and Counterpathways of Incorporation in Berlin
Authors: Köymen Erol
Published: February 2023

Drawing on extended fieldwork, I analyze the performative aesthetics that incorporate a New Wave Turkish public in Berlin. Asking how elite migrants perform publics, I theorize counterpathways of incorporation to understand how urban professional New Wave migrants are located through performance along a pathway of identity and belonging shaped by authoritarian populism, Turkish diasporic counterpublics, and the hegemonic Berlin public sphere. I argue that a performative “aesthetics of displacement” shaped by academic theory produces a New Wave Turkish pathway from Istanbul to Berlin that “counterincorporates” a New Wave Turkish public into the urban public sphere.
EVALUATION OF PSYCHIATRIC DISTURBANCES ASSOCIATED WITH OPEN-HEART SURGERY
Authors: ZAFAR H , ASHRAF T , AHMED N
Published: February 2023

This study assessed QOL, cognitive profile, and psychiatric symptoms before and after open heart surgery. The prospective study was conducted at the Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology from January 2022 to January 2023. A total of 95 patients were included in the study. All patients underwent neurological and physical evaluations. Every measure was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. The effects of treatment-related factors and patient-related ones were analyzed. 27 (28%) patients had preoperative anxiety, which decreased to 10 (10.5%) after 1 week of surgery and to 6 (6.3%) after 6 months. 18 (18.9%) patients had preoperative depressive symptoms, which decreased to 7 (7.3%) patients after 1 week of surgery and 6 (6.3%) after 6 months. There was a significant improvement in the mean value of anxiety over the study period (P<.001). Regarding depressive symptoms, there was no significant improvement after 1 week (P<.208). Diabetes mellitus and age were inverselycorrelated with anxiety and depression; this correlation was statistically significant. Delirium, ischemic time, total bypass time, age, and hypertension were significant predictive factors of cognitive performance. Based on the results, it can be concluded that anxiety and depression adversely impacted the quality of life and were improved gradually over time. Cognitive function declined early after surgery and improved after 6 months.
A Stepwise Replicable Approach to Negotiating Value-driven Supply Chain Contracts for Orthobiologics
Authors: Gupta Anshal , Lee James , Chawla Amanda , Rajagopalan Vignesh , Kohler Michael , Moelling Brandon , McFarlane Kelly H. , Sheth Kunj R. , Ratliff John K. , Hu Serena S. , Wall James K. , Shea Kevin G.
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Orthobiologics are increasingly used to augment healing of tissues. Despite growing demand for orthobiologic products, many health systems do not enjoy substantial savings expected with high-volume purchases. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate an institutional program designed to (1) prioritize high-value orthobiologics and (2) incentivize vendor participation in value-driven contractual programs.

Methods:

A three-step approach was used to reduce costs through optimization of orthobiologics supply chain. First, surgeons with orthobiologics expertise were engaged in key supply chain purchasing decisions. Second, eight orthobiologics formulary categories were defined. Capitated pricing expectations were established for each product category. Capitated pricing expectations were established for each product using institutional invoice data and market pricing data. In comparison with similar institutions, products offered by multiple vendors were priced at a lower benchmark (10th percentile of market price) than more rare products priced at the 25th percentile of the market price. Pricing expectations were transparent to vendors. Third, a competitive bidding process required vendors to submit pricing proposals for products. Clinicians and supply chain leaders jointly awarded contracts to vendors that met pricing expectations.

Results:

Compared with our projected estimate of $423,946 savings using capitated product prices, our actual annual savings was $542,216. Seventy-nine percent of savings came from allograft products. Although the number of total vendors decreased from 14 to 11, each of the nine returning vendors received a larger, three-year institutional contract. Average pricing decreased across seven of the eight formulary categories.

Discussion:

This study demonstrates a three-step replicable approach to increase institutional savings for orthobiologic products, engaging clinician experts, and strengthening relationships with select vendors. Vendor consolidation permits a symbiotic win-win relationship: Health systems achieve increased value by reducing unnecessary complexity of multiple contracts, and vendors obtain larger contracts with increased market share.

Level of evidence:

Level IV study
Global warming and health hazards to Indian farmers
Authors: T.N. BALASUBRAMANIAN
Published: February 2023

Under severe global warming scenario, people, especially farmers would face chronic climate torments like, sun stroke, depression, pollution induced asthma, infertility, skin disorders, chronic kidney disease etc., since their main activity comes under open field conditions. If the climate stress continues beyond threshold level, it may lead to social disturbance, mental disorders, suicides etc. Psychological treatment combined with pharmaceutical treatment would serve better to release stress from climate related disorders. Limited management solutions have been suggested against sun stroke, depression, pollution induced asthma, infertility, skin disorders, chronic kidney disease. Still, many viable solutions are available across literature and also found presently at ground level practice. This area needs further intensive team research among medical, meteorological, and social scientists. Both Central and State Governments must enact strong policy on this line, if not done earlier. In addition, action must be taken by all the global countries to reduce greenhouse gas emission as per the Paris CoP agreement,2015.
VAN DE BOEKENREDACTIE

Authors: Kwekkeboom Rick
Published: February 2023

In 2015 werd in Nederland een aantal wetten ingevoerd (of gewijzigd), die samen grote invloed hebben gehad op de verantwoordelijkheid van de gemeenten voor die inwoners die op een of meer levensterreinen ondersteuning nodig hebben. In een brief van de toenmalige minister van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties, de heer Plasterk, werden de wetswijzigingen aangeduid als ‘decentralisaties’ en werden de beleidsterreinen waarop de wetten betrekking hebben samen aangeduid als ‘het sociale domein’ (Kamerstukken II, 2013). Op dit sociale domein is een veelheid aan professionals werkzaam, die meestal een mbo- of hbo-opleiding sociaal werk, met alle variaties daarbinnen, hebben genoten. Over de doorwerking van de veranderingen binnen het sociale domein op zowel de burgers die ondersteuning nodig hebben als op de sociaal werkers die die ondersteuning moeten geven, verschenen kort na elkaar twee publicaties, die interessante aspecten laten oplichten. In deze boekenrubriek bespreek ik de consequenties van de transformatie voor de sociaal werker aan de hand van deze twee uitgaven en het recente Beroepsprofiel van de Sociaal Werker (Beroepsvereniging van professionals in sociaal werk, 2022).
SOCIAAL DOMEIN OP KOERS?

Authors: Kwekkeboom Rick
Published: February 2023

Dat het Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau kritisch maar niet afwijzend staat tegenover de diverse beleidsveranderingen die het laatste decennium in het sociale en zorgdomein in Nederland zijn doorgevoerd is, denk ik, wel algemeen bekend. Deze kritische maar niet afwijzende houding is goed merkbaar in het in 2021 uitgebrachte overzicht Sociaal domein op koers? Verwachtingen en resultaten van vijf jaar decentraal beleid. De SCP-onderzoekers Kromhout, Van Echtelt en Feijten baseren hun beschrijving en conclusies op onderzoek onder enerzijds lokale beleidsverantwoordelijken en anderzijds burgers, voornamelijk gebruikers van voorzieningen. De professionals in wijk en buurt komen niet aan het woord.
OMWILLE VAN FATSOEN

Authors: Kwekkeboom Rick
Published: February 2023

In augustus 2021 verscheen onder de titel Omwille van fatsoen: De staat van menswaardige zorg een doorwrochte studie naar wat de auteur op de achterflap “de risico’s van de ‘institutionele vernedering’ in de Nederlandse verzorgingsstaat” noemt. Willemijn van der Zwaard schrijft in haar proefschrift verwonderd te zijn over “het gemak waarmee politiek en beleid opvattingen over een menswaardig bestaan institutionaliseren” en stelt dat de Nederlandse verzorgingsstaat de menselijke waardigheid, die zij voor iedereen wil garanderen, onder druk zet. Waar zij de eerste these onderbouwt met een brede en kritische analyse van Nederlandse wetgeving op het terrein van de verzorgingsstaat, wordt de tweede geïllustreerd met de uitkomsten van een observationele studie van de werkzaamheden van een buurtteam in Utrecht.
Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) for predicting volatility in Stock Market
Authors: Kargar Noorya
Published: February 2023

Volatility plays an important role in financial markets and has held the attention of academics and practitioners. Using Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) is one of the effective perspective for forecasting volatility. This study focused on comparing GARCH (P, Q) model with GJR-GARCH (P, Q) model and EGARCH (P, Q) model to make prediction more reliable and accurate. The results suggested that both GARCH (P, Q) model and GJR-GARCH (P, Q) model are good choices for forecasting volatility in financial market, especially for describing heteroscedastic time series. GARCH models are consistent with various forms of efficient market theory. These theories state that asset returns observed in the past cannot improve the forecasts of asset returns in the future.
Tổng quan về xử lý và tái sử dụng phế thải gạch chịu lửa Manhêdi-các bon (MC) của ngành công nghiệp luyện thép để làm nguyên liệu sản xuất gạch chịu lửa kiềm tính
Authors: Anh Hoàng Lê , Minh Vũ Thị Ngọc
Published: February 2023

Bài báo này trình bày các kết quả phân tích, đánh giá tính chất  cơ lý, hóa học của  chủng loại phế thải gạch chịu lửa manhedi- cacbon (MC). Từ đó đề xuất các phương pháp xử lý phế thải này bằng các phương pháp cơ học, phương pháp hóa học, phương pháp tuyển nổi để thu hồi MgO làm nguyên liệu sản xuất gạch chịu lửa MC đáp ứng yêu cầu sử dụng trong công nghiệp luyện kim, xi măng và các thiết bị công nghiệp khác. Kết quả của các nghiên cứu cho thấy phương pháp tuyển nổi có thể là biện pháp dung hòa được các yêu cầu về chất lượng và giá thành của cốt liệu MgO tái chế.
PENGARUH SERVICE QUALITY, WEBSITE QUALITY, BRAND REPUTATION, TRUST, DAN PERCEIVED RISK TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION
Authors: Bernika Cindy , Ekawanto Iwan
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of service quality, website quality, brand reputation, trust, and perceived risk on consumer purchase intentions. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with 216 respondents. Data collection used an online questionnaire with a Liker scale of 1 to 5. This study used the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method through the AMOS program to process the data. The results showed that service quality did not have a positive effect on consumer purchase intentions in Jakarta, website quality did not have a positive effect on consumer purchase intentions in Jakarta, brand reputation had a positive effect on consumer purchase intentions in Jakarta, trust had a positive effect on consumer purchase intentions in Jakarta, and perceived risk did not have a positive effect on consumer purchase intentions in Jakarta.
เส้นทางการพัฒนาที่ไม่ใช่ทุนนิยมสู่ความทันสมัยของสำนักเศรษฐศาสตร์การเมือง
Authors: สุวรรณอัจฉริย ชินสัคค
Published: February 2023

บทความนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาแหล่งที่มาแนวคิดต่อการก่อตัวและการปรับใช้ของสำนักเศรษฐศาสตร์การเมืองและการวิเคราะห์ตัวแบบของเศรษฐกิจชุมชน ผลการศึกษาพบว่าแหล่งที่มาทางความคิดของสำนักเศรษฐศาสตร์การเมืองในช่วงของการเปลี่ยนผ่านทางสังคมมาจากทฤษฎีของนารอดนิคและนีโอนารอดนิคเป็นสำคัญซึ่งได้แบ่งวิถีเศรษฐกิจเป็นเศรษฐกิจทุนนิยมและไม่ใช่ทุนนิยม เชื่อว่าการพัฒนาเศรษฐกิจชุมชนผ่านรูปแบบความร่วมมือกันช่วยเหลือซึ่งกันและมีน้ำใจแทนการใช้กลไกตลาดและอำนาจสามารถสร้างความผาสุกแก่สามัญชนได้ รูปแบบเศรษฐกิจชุมชนพัฒนาจากพื้นฐานเศรษฐกิจแรงงานของครอบครัวชาวนามีจุดประสงค์เพื่อการตอบสนองการบริโภค   ตำแหน่งของเศรษฐกิจของครอบครัวอยู่ในขั้นตอนการพัฒนาก่อนทุนนิยมหรือกึ่งทุนนิยมท่ามกลางความสัมพันธ์ในตลาด หากใช้คาติกอรี่ราคาสินค้าสามารถเห็นแดนเศรษฐกิจก่อนทุนนิยมและทุนนิยมอย่างชัดเจน ความร่วมมือของเศรษฐกิจครอบครัวชุมชนได้นำมาสู่การครอบครองผลผลิตแรงงานส่วนเกินและแสวงหาผลประโยชน์ของกำลังแรงงานการผลิตที่มีความแตกต่างจากทุนนิยมแบบคลาสสิก  การประสานปัจจัยการผลิตของเศรษฐกิจครอบครัวมีลักษณะพิเศษที่สามารถเป็นเจ้าของโดยตรงก่อนการแลกเปลี่ยนที่แตกต่างจากแรงงานรับจ้างทั่วไป การคงอยู่ขององค์กรชุมชนสามารถดึงมูลค่าของผลผลิตหรือการใช้แรงงานที่ไม่ใช่ราคาตลาด ข้อค้นพบใหม่ไม่มีความจำเป็นอีกต่อไปในการวิจัยกระบวนการแตกต่างทางชนชั้นในเศรษฐกิจครอบครัวชาวนา  เนื่องจากการใช้แรงงานของครอบครัวมีเป้าหมายเพื่อการอยู่รอดอยู่ในรูปแบบการผลิตไม่ใช่ทุนนิยมและเส้นทางการพัฒนาสังคมไม่ได้เป็นขั้นตอนของวิถีการผลิตแต่เป็นวัฎจักรทางเศรษฐกิจที่เกี่ยวกับการปฎิวัติความก้าวหน้าเทคโนโลยีเป็นสำคัญ