bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of rehabilitation programs to patients with chronic heart failure and sarcopenic obesity
Authors: Shevcova V. I. , Pashkova A. A. , Krasnorutckaуa O. N. , Zarechny P. B. , Terskaya A. R.
Published: January 2025

Changes in body composition: sarcopenia and obesity are common in patients with chronic heart failure, complicating the disease course and worsening the prognosis.

Objective. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed rehabilitation method, which consisted of a combination of a hypocaloric but high-protein diet, individualized physical activity, and breathing exercises.

Materials and methods. Patients (n = 80) were divided into 2 groups depending on the presence of sarcopenic obesity. In each group, the main and control subgroups were distinguished depending on the inclusion of the rehabilitation program in the management tactics. Changes in the muscle component of body composition and quality of life were assessed using the Minnesota questionnaire.

Results. Both groups exhibited significant improvements in body composition parameters and quality of life.

Conclusion. The rehabilitation program was effective in patients with and without sarcopenic obesity in terms of improving the muscle component of body composition and quality of life.
Potential use of nanoparticles to improve the effectiveness  and safety of pharmacotherapy during pregnancy
Authors: Zagorodnikova K. A. , Bettikher O. A. , Zazerskaya I. Ye.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Pharmacotherapy during pregnancy is associated with great risks for the fetus in the case of therapy of non-obstetric diseases of the mother, in addition, issues of improving the effectiveness of treatment of placental pathology, thrombophilic conditions, and other pregnancy complications remain a priority. Recently, the possibilities of using nanomaterials in medicine have been actively studied, including for the purpose of modifying the delivery or distribution of medicines.

Objective. The aim was to conduct a structured analysis of the published literature on the use of nanomaterials for therapeutic purposes during pregnancy.

Methods. The analysis of publications in PubMed, Cyberleninka, and eLIBRARY databases on the keywords “Nanoparticles” and “Pregnancy” was carried out, with the exception of mentioning nanoparticles in the context of environmental pollutants, as well as in the context of diagnostic methods.

Results. Information is provided on the nature of nanoparticles that have been developed and studied in the context of the prospect of use during pregnancy. An overview of the areas of clinical application of such materials is provided, as well as the available evidence of their effectiveness and safety.

Conclusion. Therapeutic systems containing drugs and various nanomaterials have a good potential for clinical use in order to ensure targeted drug delivery, modification of their bio-distribution in order to increase clinical efficacy and reduce the toxicity of drugs.
Investigation of the compliance of medicinal provisions with the disease structure of patients receiving pharmacotherapy under the Program for Providing Certain Categories of Citizens with Necessary Medicine
Authors: Eliseeva E. V. , Maneeva E. S. , Perelomova O. V. , Tyrtyshnikova A. V. , Li O. N. , Zayko A. A.
Published: January 2025

The most important component of the rational use of medicines in the preferential medicinal segment is the purchase of medicines based on patient nosological analysis.

Objective. To investigate the compliance of medicinal provision with the structure of diseases of patients receiving pharmacotherapy under the Program for providing certain categories of citizens with necessary medicines (Program) and develop recommendations for improvement.

Materials and methods. A nosological analysis of 463 forms of medical and social expertise in 125,234 patients, an ABC/VEN-analysis of the nomenclature of medicines purchased for the Program over a 3-year period, and an assessment of rational medicinal use using descriptive statistics methods were carried out.

Results. A significant discrepancy was observed between the number of patients in the disease groups and the volume of funding for medicines. Less money is spent on purchasing medicines for the treatment of diseases that occupy leading positions in terms of the number of patients, — cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplasms, than on medicines for the treatment of other diseases that affect a smaller number of patients.

Conclusions. There is a discrepancy between the medicinal supply and the structure of patients’ diseases, which is due to irrational planning of the range of purchased medicines, and requires correction.
Study On The Revenue And Income Of Mungkus Fish Catchers In Padang Guci Hulu District, Kaur Regency
Authors: Feni Rita , Feriady Anton , Kurniati Novitri , Yawahar Jon , Mutmainah Elni , Saputra Riko
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This research aims to determine the amount of revenue and income of mungkus fish finders in Padang Guci Hulu District, Kaur Regency. Method: The research method used in this research is the census method and questionnaires as data collection tools. The respondents in this study were 33 people looking for mungkus fish. Result: The results of the research show that the income of mungkus fish finders in Padang Guci Hulu District is IDR 530,652 per month, with an average income reaching IDR 869,394 per month and an average total cost of IDR 338,742 per month. With an average income of IDR 869,394 per month and an average total cost of IDR 338,742 per month, the income of mungkus fish finders is profitable, This research shows that the subject has not been widely researched and is cost efficient. Findings: This study also highlights a subject that is still under-researched as well as cost-efficient. Novelty: This research provides new insights into the natural resource potential associated with mungkus fish.  Originality: This study offers an analysis of the revenue and income of mungkus fish seekers in Kaur Regency. Conclusion: The income earned by mungkus fish seekers is not only profitable, but also serves as an additional source of income to meet family needs. Type of paper : Empirical Research Article
An Integrated Framework for Assessing the Effectiveness of Governance Mechanisms in Reducing Financial Fraud in Non-profit Organizations
Authors: Al-Sharabi Nabil Mohammed , Ismail Abudllah Hamoud , AL-Hamdani Fuad Abdulrazak
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to develop an integrated framework for assessing the effectiveness of governance mechanisms in reducing financial fraud in non-profit organizations (NPOs). The study employs a descriptive analytical approach and a quantitative research design involving a survey of 87 employees and auditors of Yemeni NPOs. A five-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to gather data on governance mechanisms and financial fraud. The study's findings reveal that the impact of governance mechanisms on financial fraud varies among NPOs. Four mechanisms (board of directors, audit committee, donor accountability, and beneficiary accountability) prove to significantly reduce the risk of financial fraud, making them the most effective in combating this phenomenon. Conversely, two mechanisms (internal control systems and government entities) are found to be the least effective, resulting in a noticeable increase in financial fraud cases. Additionally, two mechanisms (external and internal auditors) have minimal influence, leading to a non-significant rise in the risk of financial fraud. The integrated framework developed in this study provides a structured and systematic approach for NPOs to evaluate their governance practices and identify areas for improvement. The paper presents and tests a novel integrated framework for assessing effectiveness of governance mechanisms in reducing financial fraud in NPOs. It contributes to the existing literature by examining the interrelationships and interactions among various governance mechanisms and their impact on financial fraud. The framework provides valuable insights for NPOs, policymakers, and researchers seeking to strengthen governance and combat financial fraud in the non-profit sector.
Moderating Role of Firm Size on Carbon Accounting and Financial Performance of Listed Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Appah Ebimobowei , Nkak Promise , Eburunobi Emmanuel Odinakachi
Published: January 2025

This study investigates corporate carbon accounting and financial performance of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study used quantitative research design and data were collected from primary and secondary sources. The primary data comprised of structured questionnaire from a sample of 312 accountants in listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Data collected from the respective respondents were analysed by applying structural equation modelling through the employment of SmartPLS version 4. The findings from the data analysis suggested a positive and insignificant relationship between scope of carbon emissions, emission sources, emission categories and emission factors positively and insignificantly impact on return on assets of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Also reporting boundaries and firm size negatively and insignificantly influence return on assets. On the basis of the findings, the study concluded that carbon emission accounting influences the financial performance of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Hence, the study recommended amongst others that managers of listed manufacturing firms should consider carbon mitigation strategies seriously since carbon emissions negatively influence shareholder value. This means that managers can enhance shareholders’ value by undertaking emission abatement policies to boost their financial and market performance.
A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ON THE FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERN AMONG DIFFERENT INDIAN TRIBES OF UTTAR PRADESH AND MADHYA PRADESH: IMPLICATIONS ON THE NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT
Authors: Maheshwari Udit , Kumar Amit , Thangavel Mohanasundari
Published: January 2025

India holds the second largest position in terms of the tribe’s population in the world. Due to rapid urbanisation and the fall of areas covered by forest, the majority of tribal people have started to migrate from forest areas to urban/rural areas. These tribes are witnessing a sharp change in consumption patterns, creating a huge lacuna between consumption patterns in the present time compared to earlier periods. Despite having the highest population, the tribe’s consumption patterns, and dietary changes are understudied. This paper tried to fill this gap by assessing the food consumption pattern of tribal communities in India’s Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh states. Also, it analyses the change in consumption expenditure of tribal communities in the study area.
This study is based on descriptive analysis, which analyses the primary data, including a sample size of 115 households from four tribal communities (87 male and 28 female) living in the Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh and Hoshangabad district of Madhya Pradesh states of India. The major findings show that consumption patterns changed from forest-based, diversified, more nutritional commodities to a monotonous system followed by common people. Also, consumption is reduced in many categories, particularly in Madhya Pradesh state. The main factors contributing to these changes are less access to free forest resources, less employment opportunities combined with low wage rates, more dependence on the public distribution system etc. The study suggests suitable policy measures to improve the nutritional security and livelihoods of tribes in India.
ગ્રામીણ વિદ્યાર્થીઓમાં કોરોના સમયે અને કોરોના પછી OTT પ્લેટફૉર્મનો ઉપયોગ અને તેની અસરોઃ એક અભ્યાસ
Authors: ગોંડલિયા નૈતિક , જૈન લોકેશ
Published: January 2025

સમગ્ર વિશ્વમાં કોરોના મહામારીએ હાહાકાર મચાવ્યો હતો. કદાચ અનેક લોકો માટે આવી મહામારી પ્રથમ અનુભવ હતી. લોકડાઉન, મુસાફરી ઉપર પ્રતિબંધ, વગેરે જેવા શબ્દો જે લોકોની રોજ-બરોજની ભાષામાં નહોતા, તે લોકોના જીવનમાં છવાઈ ગયા હતા. આ લગભગ દોઢ વર્ષના સમગ્ર ગાળા દરમિયાન વિશ્વએ અને આપણા દેશે જે ભયંકર સ્થિતિનું દશ્ય જોયું તે કદાચ ફરીથી કોઈએ જોવું ન પડે તો જ સારું! શરૂઆતમાં ચીનના બુહાનનાં દશ્યો ટીવી ચેનલો ઉપર આવતાં. કોરોનાની બીજી લહેરમાં આપણા દેશમાં જે સ્થિતિ સર્જાઈ હતી કે હૉસ્પિટલની બહાર, સ્મશાનગૃહની બહાર, એમ્બ્યુલન્સ – શબની કતારો લાગી હોય તેવાં જ દશ્યો હતા. આપણને અમેરિકા, બ્રાઝીલ, ઇટલી, વગેરે જેવા દેશોમાં પણ બનેલા દ્રશ્યો પણ ટીવી ચેનલો પર જોવા મળ્યાં હતાં. આપણા દેશમાં પણ પ્રથમ લહેર વખતે જે રીતે લાખો મજૂરો હજારોના હજારો કિલોમીટર પગપાળા કરી પોતાના વતન ફર્યા, કેટલાઈ વતન પહોંચતાં પહેલાં જ મૃત્યુ પામ્યા, તે દૃશ્યો હજુય આજે આંખો સમક્ષ ઉભરી આવે છે. પરંતુ મજૂરોની સ્થિતિ હોય, આપણા આરોગ્ય-માળખાની વાત હોય કે અન્ય કોઈ વાત હોય છતાંય જો કોઈ વાત ભુલાતી હોય તો તે શિક્ષણની છે. કદાચ કોરોના મહામારીએ જે વિનાશ અને ઘાતકતા શિક્ષણના ક્ષેત્રમાં ફેલાવી હતી તેની અસર આપણને આજે નહીં, કદાચ આવનારાં પાંચ-દસ વર્ષ પછી જોવા મળશે.
ઓવર-ધ-ટોપ (OTT) પ્લેટફોર્મ, તે ડિજિટલ દુનિયા જે આપણી સ્ક્રીન પર સીધી સામગ્રી પહોંચાડે છે, જેના માધ્યમથી મનોરંજન અને માહિતીનો ઉપયોગ કરવામાં પરિવર્તન આવ્યું છે. હવે તેમની લહેર શિક્ષણ જગત સુધી પહોંચી રહી છે, જે રોમાંચક શક્યતાઓનું મોજું સર્જી રહી છે. OTT પ્લેટફોર્મ એ દિવાલો વિનાની શાળાની કલ્પના થઈ, પૃથ્વી પર ગમે ત્યાંથી પ્રાપ્ત થાય, કોઈ કઠોર સમયપત્રક નથી, કોઈ ભૌગોલિક મર્યાદાઓ નથી તે છે. તમારી પોતાની ઈચ્છા પ્રમાણેની જ્ઞાનની વિશાળ લાઇબ્રેરી. શિક્ષણમાં OTT પ્લેટફોર્મનું આ વિઝન છે. એનો ઉપયોગ શિક્ષણ જગત દ્વારા કોરોના કાળ દરમ્યાન થયો હતો અને તેના પછી પણ એનો ઉપયોગ યથાવત સ્થિતિ કરતાં વધ્યુ છે. તેની અસર શાળા અને કૉલેજમાં અભ્યાસ કરતાં વિદ્યાર્થીઓ ઉપર શું થઈ છે તે જાણવું અગત્યનું છે. આ સંશોધન જુદી જુદી કક્ષાઓમાં અભ્યાસ કરનારા વિદ્યાર્થી જુથ ઉપર તેની વર્તમાન અને ભાવિ અસરો વિશે સામાન્યીકરણ કરે છે.
Serum prolactin levels and its clinical correlates in women presenting with infertility at the gynaecologic clinic of a tertiary hospital in North-central Nigeria
Authors: Dare Julius Kolajo , Bakare Tola Yinka , Ezeoke Grace , Adesola Muideen Gbenga , Salawu Hafeez Ayotunde , Adesina Kikelomo Temilola , Jimoh Abiodun Akanbi Gafar , Biliaminu Sikiru Abayomi
Published: January 2025

Objectives: We aimed to determine and compare the serum prolactin levels in infertile women and fertile controls and to compare the clinical presentations such as menstrual disorders, and visual field defects to prolactin levels in both groups.
Methods: A comparative descriptive cross-sectional study involving reproductive-aged women with infertility Consenting female hospital staff in the same age group, without prior infertility were the control group. All participants were examined and had serum prolactin assay. The data was analyzed using the SPSS version 21. Probability (p) values less than 0.05 were accepted as statistically significant.
Results: The mean ages were 33.11 ± 5.62 years (subject) and 32.92 ± 4.82 years (controls). Hyperprolactinaemia was recorded in 56.6% and 22.6% of infertile women and controls, respectively. The Mean serum prolactin value of 24.93 ± 16.51ng/ml in the subjects was higher than 17.15 ± 8.05ng/ml in the controls (p-value =0.003). Median serum prolactin values of infertile subjects with milky nipple discharge, decreased libido and galactorrhoea were significantly higher than that of fertile controls (p value= 0.001, 0.033 and 0.016 respectively). Comparison of amenorrhoea, galactorrhoea and abdominopelvic mass were significantly related to hyperprolactinaemia in infertile subjects than in fertile controls (p-value = 0.040, 0.014 and 0.040 respectively).
Conclusion: Serum prolactin levels of infertile women attending the gynaecologic clinic in UITH were significantly higher than fertile controls. Prevalence of hyperprolactinaemia was higher among the infertile subjects and clinical features were more demonstrable in fertile controls than infertile subjects.
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of potential pathogens from raw fish, meat and milk samples sold and consumed in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Ugwu Joy Chinweokwu , Bebia Glory Philemon , Uwem Edet , Okang Ajaba Mathias , Ibeneme Emmanuel O. , Ugwu Andrew Chijioke , Unimke Augustine Agorye , Nwaokorie Francisca O. , Epoke James
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This study isolated and characterized potential pathogens from raw fish, meat (goat and ram), and milk samples using cultural and molecular techniques, and their susceptibility to routine antibiotics.
Methods: This design was a cross-sectional study where raw fish, meat (goat and ram), and milk from various markets were characterised using cultural and molecular susceptibility to antibiotics used to manage infections they cause in clinical use. Furthermore, the isolates were subjected to pathogenicity tests using amylase and protease screening.
Results: Cultural technique identified a total of 42 isolates and these were: Morganella sp (n=6), Providencia sp (n=7), Klebsiella sp (n=10), E. coli (n=11) and Salmonella sp (n=8). All the isolates showed multi-drug resistance (MDR) to gentamicin, levofloxacin, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, cefoxicin, piperacillin-azobactam, amikacin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid antibiotics. Following antimicrobial sensitivity, 9 isolates with multidrug resistance were selected for molecular characterisation and these were identified as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Morganella morganii subsp. Morganii, Providencia stuartii, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica. All the isolates showed amylase and protease activity.
Conclusion: The MDR and pathogenicity potential of the isolates indicate their ability to elicit a potential foodborne infection in the study area and it is a cause for concern.
Meningkatkan Kualitas Pelayanan Publik di DKI Jakarta melalui Aplikasi JAKI: Pendekatan New Public Service dan Inovasi Teknologi
Authors: Ulya Zaidatul , Wardiyanto Bintoro , Setijaningrum Erna
Published: January 2025

The JAKI (Jakarta Kini) application, launched by the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government as part of the Jakarta Smart City initiative, has become an innovative solution in improving public service quality in Jakarta. This application integrates various public services into a single digital platform, enabling citizens to access services more easily, quickly, and transparently. The aim of this study is to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of the JAKI application in public service delivery, as well as to evaluate whether its implementation aligns with the principles of New Public Service and the concept of Open Innovation. This research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach by gathering data from various sources such as articles, government reports, and related literature reviews. The findings show that the JAKI application has successfully enhanced accessibility, citizen participation, and transparency in public services, but it still faces several challenges, such as the digital divide, technical issues, and uneven digital literacy across different societal groups. Nevertheless, this application has introduced the concept of Open Innovation by involving the private sector and the community in service development, as well as improving accountability through direct reporting features like JakLapor.
La paremiología como crítica ideológica. La función del refrán en los ensayos de Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio
Authors: GONZÁLEZ JULIÁN CHAVES
Published: January 2025

La obra ensayística de Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio está repleta de refranes. Aunque muchos pueden parecer meras anécdotas de una voluntad de estilo, algunos de ellos han ocupado una posición fundamental en el pensamiento de Ferlosio, ya sea como resorte de la reflexión o como profundización y desarrollo de la misma. Este artículo tiene como objetivo investigar la función del refrán en los ensayos de Ferlosio, con la hipótesis de que en ellos podemos encontrar una paremiología como método de crítica ideológica. Por ello, se concluye que todos los refranes utilizados por Ferlosio tienen un componente crítico, aunque se trata de un tipo paradójico de crítica que consiste en exhibir lo ideológico.
Detecting Planetary Oblateness in the Era of JWST: A Case Study of Kepler-167e
Authors: Liu 刘 Quanyi 权毅 , Zhu 祝 Wei 伟 , Zhou 周 Yifan 一凡 , Hu 胡 Zhecheng 哲程 , Lin 林 Zitao 子滔 , Dai 戴 Fei 飞 , Masuda 増田 Kento 賢人 , Wang 王 Sharon X. 雪凇
Published: January 2025

Planets may be rotationally flattened, and their oblateness thus provides useful information on their formation and evolution. Here, we develop a new algorithm that can compute the transit light curve due to an oblate planet very efficiently and use it to study the detectability of planet oblateness (and spin obliquity) with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Using the Jupiter analog, Kepler-167e, as an example, we show that observations of a single transit with JWST are able to detect a Saturn-like oblateness (f = 0.1) with high confidence, or set a stringent upper limit on the oblateness parameter, as long as the planetary spin is slightly misaligned (≳20°) with respect to its orbital direction. Based on known obliquity measurements and theoretical arguments, it is reasonable to believe that this level of misalignment may be common. We estimate the sensitivity limit of JWST in oblateness detections and highlight the importance of better characterizations of cold planets in planning future JWST transit observations. The potential to detect rings, moons, and atmospheric species of the cold giants with JWST is also discussed.
Generative AI in Artistic Enterprises
Authors: Liu Hui , Bansal Ritika , Liang Jinglin
Published: January 2025

Generative AI has revolutionized the field of digital art by enabling automated image creation that mimics human artistry. Traditional approaches often need more thematic coherence and help to capture complex styles in artistic domains. In order to overcome these constraints, we present a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) model integrated with a Semantic Web architecture, therefore providing automated painting creation for creative businesses. Our strategy guarantees thematic and stylistic congruence by using Semantic Web methods to include contextual information and GANs to create high-quality paintings from noise. Our GAN produces reasonable and varied creative outputs. Experimental findings show how flexible the model is for different artistic topics, therefore helping applications in the creative sectors via improved AI-driven artistic production.
A survey of perceptions and behavioural responses towards the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa
Authors: Silubonde Takana M. , Draper Catherine E. , Norris Shane A.
Published: January 2025

Background: The South African response to the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus was swift and assertive, although it came with economic and social costs. An understanding of the pandemic experiences of different population groups is integral to enhancing disease control.Aim: The aim of this study was to identify behavioural responses and public perceptions relating to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Setting: The study was conducted in South Africa.Methods: In June 2022, a national online survey (N = 3018) was conducted among adults ( 18 years). Logistic regression was used to examine the factors associated with adherence to government measures and vaccination. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to examine the direct and indirect relationship of socioeconomic status (SES) with protective behaviours.Results: Data showed no direct association between SES and vaccination uptake, but SES was indirectly and positively associated with vaccination uptake. Socioeconomic status was also indirectly and positively associated with adherence to government measures through pathways mediated by access to the Internet, access to local news, government trust and positive government experiences.Conclusion: This study highlights the complexity of government measures and vaccination adoption and the socioeconomic barriers affecting these.Contribution: Results from this study should be used to inform future pandemic preparedness plans. In particular, policymakers should consider the importance of providing scientific information through channels accessible to each socioeconomic group to promote positive behavioural changes, as well as the need to adapt pandemic responses to different socioeconomic groups.
Evaluation of Soft-tissue Changes in Class III Growing Patients Who Have Undergone Maxillary Advancement Treatment: A Retrospective Cephalometric Study
Authors: Aboobacker Noora , Shetty Subramanya , Umar Dilshad , Shetty Sandeep
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Orthodontic treatment focuses on facial aesthetics, with soft-tissue changes being crucial. Class III malocclusion, a challenging condition affecting jaw alignment, can be treated with facemask therapy to promote balanced facial growth. This therapy primarily focuses on correcting the underbite by encouraging forward growth of the mid-face while potentially retarding lower jaw growth. Studies show that orthopaedic treatments such as facemasks and chin cups can effectively improve the soft-tissue profile of patients with Class III malocclusion, leading to more aesthetically pleasing facial features.

Materials and Methods:

Records of patients aged 9–14 years with Class III skeletal pattern. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 29 young adult patients (14 males, 15 females; mean age 12 ± 3.2 years) were included in the study. Each patient received a petit-type facemask, and four intraoral elastics were attached from the upper molar hooks to the facemask. Using a cephalostat, a standardised lateral cephalometric radiograph was obtained at 2 time points: pre-treatment (T1) and after the final completion of the orthopaedic treatment (T2), on average, within 6 months postoperatively. All post-operative films were taken after orthodontic band removal or bite plane removal. All the radiographs were digitised using Dolphin imaging software.

Results:

Soft-tissue A point to subnasale vertical shows a remarkable increase in values after maxillary protraction (MP). Thus, following maxillary advancements, the maxilla and the soft tissues around it displayed a noticeable forward movement. As the facial angle, inferior sulcus to H line and soft-tissue chin thickness indicate a decrease in post-orthopaedic correction values, the mandible and surrounding soft tissues rotated backwards and downwards. Nose prominence values increased significantly, and nasal elevation was observed after orthopaedic correction. Lip thickness and lip strain are decreased in post-MP values, giving the patients a pleasing soft-tissue profile.

Conclusions:

Significant soft-tissue changes are observed after orthopaedic correction in Class III skeletal patients of pubertal growth spurt. To help the patient obtain an outstanding or acceptable soft-tissue profile, much of the soft tissue is followed by complex tissue changes.
Semen podocarpi extract enhances radiosensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway
Authors: Zeng Fan-Yan , Huang Zeng-Qiong , Sun Yong-Cu , Zhu Xiao-Dong
Published: January 2025

Objective:

To investigate the chemical components of Semen podocarpi extract (SPE) and its effect on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and CNE-2R cells.

Methods:

Chemical components in SPE were identified by UPLC-MS/MS. CCK-8 and cell cloning experiments were applied to evaluate the effects of SPE on the proliferation of CNE-2R cells, and a single-hit multitarget model was used to calculate the radiobiological parameters. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the levels of genes and proteins of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting.

Results:

A total of 37 compounds from SPE were identified, and SPE with or without irradiation inhibited the proliferation of CNE-2R cells. SPE also promoted apoptosis, arrested cells in the G2/M phase, and presented radiosensitizing effects. Compared with irradiation alone, the effects of SPE+irradiation on apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were not significantly different. In addition, SPE had no significant effect on MEK gene expression. SPE significantly increased the gene expression of C-Raf and significantly reduced the protein expression of C-Raf, as well as the gene and protein expression of ERK1 and ERK2. The protein levels of C-Raf, ERK1, and ERK2 were also significantly lower in cells treated with SPE+irradiation than in cells treated with irradiation alone.

Conclusions:

The effects of SPE on inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis are likely associated with cell cycle arrest and Raf/MEK/ERK pathway regulation, and the mechanism underlying radiosensitization by SPE may involve downregulating the protein expression of C-Raf, ERK1, and ERK2.
Ligustroside derived from Ligustrum japonicum inhibits melanogenesis via blocking the MAPK and PKA/CREB signaling pathways
Authors: Zhou Xian-Rong , Karadeniz Fatih , Oh Jung Hwan , Seo Youngwan , Kong Chang-Suk
Published: January 2025

Objective:

To investigate the anti-melanogenic potential of ligustroside isolated from Ligustrum japonicum.

Methods:

The cytotoxicity of ligustroside was tested via MTT assay. Furthermore, the effects of ligustroside on the expression of critical melanogenic markers such as tyrosinase, tyrosinase related proteins (TRPs), and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) were analyzed at both mRNA and protein levels via RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively, in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone-induced B16F10 cells. In addition, phosphorylation of p38, ERK and JNK proteins was investigated. Immunofluorescence analysis of MITF was also conducted.

Results:

Ligustroside significantly reduced intracellular tyrosinase activity and melanin content by 37.11% and 29.12%, respectively, compared to untreated cells. Moreover, it downregulated the expression of MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 at the mRNA and protein levels by regulating both the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathways. Ligustroside also suppressed the nuclear protein expression of MITF, β-catenin, and p-CREB, and decreased immunofluorescence intensity of nuclear MITF.

Conclusions:

Ligustroside derived from Ligustrum japonicum shows a significant anti-melanogenesis effect via suppression of the MAPK and PKA/CREB signaling pathways.
Anti-metastatic potential of OR3 pigment from Streptomyces coelicolor JUACT03 on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Derangula Somasekhara , Nadumane Varalakshmi K
Published: January 2025

Objective:

To investigate the mechanism of anticancer activity of a pigment OR3 from Streptomyces coelicolor in in vitro and in vivo metastatic breast cancer models and to characterize the pigment.

Methods:

The anticancer mechanism was analyzed in MDA-MB-231 cells using MTT, lactate dehydrogenase, caspase, DNA fragmentation, clonogenic, flow cytometry, Western blot, and scratch assays. The effects of OR3 on xenograft mouse models were evaluated by tumor volume measurement, hematological analysis, and histopathological observation. The characterization of OR3 was also performed using gas chromatograohy-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Results:

OR3 exhibited potent cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells, with no observed effects on HEK-293 cells. Caspase-9 activation was detected in OR3-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Flow cytometry showed a dose-dependent induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the sub-G1 and S phases. Furthermore, OR3 completely inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell migration and demonstrated anti-proliferative effects by downregulating the protein expression of KPNA2, XPO1, RAB5B, and p38 MAPK. In in vivo studies, OR3 was non-toxic to mice, inhibited tumor xenograft growth, and maintained normal hematological parameters and tissue architecture. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of a prodigiosin-like compound, while gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified additional compounds in OR3.

Conclusions:

Our findings validate OR3 pigment as a promising compound for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, warranting further studies.
Comparison of vascular complications between external iliac and internal iliac artery anastomosis of the donor renal artery in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Kumar G. Manoj , Ashok Sunil , Kumar J. Suresh
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

The arterial anastomosis in renal transplantation is done either end-to-end to the internal iliac artery (IIA) or end-to-side to the external iliac artery (EIA). This retrospective study is to compare the vascular complications of these two techniques occurring in the immediate postoperative period.

Materials and Methods:

The data of 111 patients who underwent renal transplantation (live and deceased) were collected from the hospital records. Fifty-four (48.6%) had live donors, and 57 (51.4%) had deceased donors. Fifty (45%) patients had anastomosis to IIA alone, 57 (51.3%) to EIA alone, and 4 (3.6%) to both vessels. Age and sex of the recipient, cause of chronic kidney disease, side of the donor kidney, and number of donor renal arteries, presence of atherosclerotic changes on the recipient’s vessels, and presence of diabetes mellitus were noted. The details of the perioperative and postoperative vascular complications and the management of each one were recorded.

Results:

Nine patients had vascular complications, of which 5 (55.5%) patients had main vessel transplant renal artery thrombosis, 1 (11.1%) patient had accessory renal artery thrombosis, and 3 (33.3%) patients had transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS). Out of the six cases of transplant renal artery thrombosis, 4 (66.6%) were seen in anastomosis with EIA. All 3 (100%) cases of TRAS were seen in anastomosis to the EIA. The vascular complications were not significantly associated with the type of anastomosis.

Conclusion:

On short-term follow-up, the incidence of vascular complications was not found to be significantly affected by the type of anastomosis.
Percutaneous cystolitholapaxy in reconstructed bladder through the bowel segment
Authors: Almesned Razan Khalid , Binjawhar Abdulrahman , Altaweel Waleed , Alomar Mohammed
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Calculous formation is a well-known complication of lower urinary tract reconstruction using an intestinal segment. Special considerations are required as access to the reconstructed bladder is complicated. To date, a standard strategy is yet to be accepted.

Objective:

This study aims to investigate the efficiency and safety of percutaneous cystolitholapaxy (PCCL) access.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective analysis of patients with reconstructed lower urinary tract who developed bladder stones and were treated with PCCL.

Results:

Seven patients underwent a total of nine PCCLs between 2019 and 2023. Sone burden ranged from 4 to 10 cm. No intraoperative complications were faced. Three patients had residual stone fragments < 7 mm in size. Suprapubic catheter was removed between days 0 and 3 postoperative. Cystostomy was left to close spontaneously, none of the patients developed peritoneal leak after removal. Patients with Mitrofanoff channel reported no leak or compromise to the continued mechanism. Predominant stone composition was magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) in seven cases.

Conclusion:

In our experience, PCCL accessing through bowel segment without tract closure in reconstructed bladder is a reliable and safe approach. When it comes to our patient selection, no limitations to this approach have been identified.
Relationship between gastric mucosal atrophy by endoscopy and non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors
Authors: Ohno Kazuya , Nakatani Eiji , Kurokami Takafumi , Kawai Asami , Itai Ryosuke , Matsuda Masanori , Masui Yuichi , Satoh Tatsunori , Ikeda Shinya , Hirata Taiyo , Takeda Shodai , Suzuki Makoto , Haruma Ken
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

The pathogenesis of non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (NADETs) is not fully understood. NADETs that express gastric-type mucin phenotypes (G-NADETs) are noteworthy because of their high malignancy. Gastric foveolar metaplasia, from which G-NADETs originate, protects the duodenal mucosa from gastric acidity. As gastric acid secretion is affected by endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy (EGMA), we hypothesized that EGMA would be associated with G-NADETs.

AIM

To evaluate the association between EGMA and the occurrence of G-NADETs.

METHODS

This cross-sectional retrospective study investigated the relationship between EGMA and NADETs in 134 patients. The duodenum was divided into parts 1 (bulb), 2 (superior duodenal angle to the papilla), and 3 (anal side of the papilla to the horizontal part). The effects of gastric acidity and presence of Brunner’s glands were considered. EGMA was divided into types C (no or mild atrophy) and O (severe atrophy). Mucin phenotype expressions in NADETs were divided into gastric, intestinal, gastrointestinal, and unclassifiable.

RESULTS

When NADETs were classified according to EGMA, 105 were classified as type C and 29 as type O. G-NADETs were present in 11.9% (16 cases) of all cases, and all 16 cases were of type C. Among G-NADETs, 93.8% (15 cases) were present in part 1 or 2. There was an association between G-NADETs and type C in part 1, and 50.0% (eight of 16 cases) of G-NADETs were associated with a current or previous Helicobacter pylori infection status. Additionally, all eight cases occurred in part 1.

CONCLUSION

G-NADETs were significantly associated with type C. Gastric acidity and Brunner's gland growth may be associated with G-NADETs.
Advanced pancreatic cancer treated with camrelizumab combined with apatinib: A case report
Authors: Luo Yun-Hao , He Ting , Lin Lu , Wang Rong-Qiu , Cai Hong-Xia , Hu Wen
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

The 5-year survival rate for patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) is 4%-12%. Surgery is the only treatment that offers curative potential, but only 15%-20% of patients are eligible for surgery. PC is prone to recurrence and metastasis, and the antitumor effect of chemotherapy is notably limited.

CASE SUMMARY

Histopathological analysis of a 53-year-old female PC patient who underwent Whipple surgery revealed poorly differentiated tumor cells infiltrating nerves, lymphatics, and blood vessels. The patient received two different first-line chemotherapy regimens consecutively; however, both regimens struggled to control disease progression. During this period, the patient underwent liver metastasis ablation surgery, Candida albicans liver abscess, and stereotactic body radiotherapy. With the addition of camrelizumab to the modified FOLFIRINOX regimen, tumor control was achieved. The patient subsequently refused to continue chemotherapy, and the antitumor regimen was changed to a combination of camrelizumab and apatinib. After patients received a combination of immunotherapy and targeted therapy, the length of hospital stay was significantly reduced. Furthermore, all side effects were within acceptable limits, leading to an improved quality of life and prolonged progression-free survival. Unfortunately, the pain associated with cancer, coupled with the side effects of opioid analgesics, has led the patient to reject all available anticancer treatment options. Approximately one month after camrelizumab and apatinib were discontinued without medical authorization, the PC recurred and rapidly progressed to widespread metastasis, ultimately leading to the patient's death approximately one month later. The overall survival was 2 years.

CONCLUSION

Immunotherapy and targeted therapy have the potential to increase both the quality of life and survival time of PC patients, particularly those whose tumor progression is not effectively controlled by chemotherapy alone. Nevertheless, further clinical trials are necessary to validate these findings.
Impact of Linggui Zhugan decoction on microwave ablation outcomes and recurrence in liver cancer
Authors: Huang Rui , Cui Jing
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system, and early detection and effective treatment are crucial for improving the prognosis. Microwave ablation (MWA) has shown promising results as a local therapeutic method for liver cancer; however, further improvement of its efficacy remains a key focus of current research.

AIM

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Linggui Zhugan decoction combined with MWA for the treatment of primary liver cancer.

METHODS

Data were collected from 164 patients with primary liver cancer who underwent MWA at our hospital between March 2019 and April 2021. Among them, 79 patients (control group) received routine treatments and 85 patients (research group) received Linggui Zhugan decoction in addition to routine treatment. The clinical efficacy, incidence of adverse reactions, and levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP), AFP-L3, total bilirubin (TBil), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), CD4 cell count, CD8 cell count, and CD4/CD8 ratio were compared between the two groups, before and after treatment. The three-year recurrence rates between the two groups were compared, and independent prognostic factors for recurrence were identified.

RESULTS

The study results revealed that the objective response rate (ORR) in the research group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P = 0.005). After treatment, the CD4 cell count and CD4/CD8 ratio significantly increased, whereas the CD8 cell count and TBil, ALT, AFP, DCP, and AFP-L3 Levels were significantly lower in the research group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The Cox regression analysis revealed that the treatment regimen (P = 0.003), presence of cirrhosis (P = 0.019), tumor diameter (P = 0.037), Child-Pugh score (P = 0.003), pretreatment AFP level (P = 0.006), and AFP-L3 Level (P = 0.002) were independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival.

CONCLUSION

The combination of Linggui Zhugan decoction with MWA significantly improved the clinical efficacy and long-term prognosis of patients with primary liver cancer.
A CLINICAL STUDY OF DARUHARIDRA KWATHA (BERBERIS ARISTATA DC)
WITH MADHU IN SHWETAPRADARA (LEUCORRHOEA)
Authors: Rao B Shivani , Bhat Swapna , - Vani
Published: January 2025

Shwetapradara is one of the most common and burning problems faced by women all around the globe. Rapid urbanization-induced lifestyle changes, poor eating habits, an excessive workload, and personal characteristics like carelessness and reluctance to seek medical attention all contribute to the high occurrence. Every year, 333 million new instances of curable vulvovaginal infections (VVIs) are reported to the World Health Organization. In addition to undergoing physical and physiological changes throughout their lives, women must balance their dual responsibilities at work and home. However, women slow down due to physiological issues, including menstruation, pregnancy, vaginal discharge, urinary tract infections, etc. The most frequent problem that irritates women's independence among these issues is abnormal vaginal discharge. It is embarrassing to attend social events and even to get involved in her personal matters because of the white discharge and itching. The white discharge may start as a simple problem and end in severity up to infertility if not treated at the right time. Hence, treating the condition at the right time is very important. Many Ayurvedic herbal plants play a vital role in treating Yoniroga; one such herb mentioned in the classics is Daruharidra (Berberis aristata DC). In Gada-nigraha, in the context of Shwetapradara Chikitsa, it is explained that intake of Daruharidra Kwatha (Berberis aristata DC) with Madhu is beneficial.
Hence, the present study is undertaken to revalidate its clinical efficacy.
KUTAJA - THE HEALER’
Authors: - Deveshwari , Kumar Gupta Ajay
Published: January 2025

From Ayurveda's ancient knowledge comes the idea of Vrana, which looks deeply into how wounds heal and the
body's unique ability to fix itself. "Vrana" refers to ulcers or wounds in today’s scenario. If not appropriately treated,
wounds can convert into "Dushta Vrana", i.e infectious or complicated wounds. Ayurvedic texts explain how to
manage Dushta Vrana precisely, and people have been using many formulations for centuries to address these
issues. Wound healing is a delicate and vital process valued by both ancient and modern medicine." With the growing interest in alternative therapies, Ayurvedic wound healing management is gaining popularity. Kutaja (Holarrhena antidysenterica) is a notable herbal medicine recognized for its numerous wound-healing properties. Kutaja
(Holarrhena antidysenterica), in particular, is packed with various helpful compounds such as coumarins, ergosterol, flavonoids, phenolic acids, resins, saponins, steroidal alkaloids, tannins, and triterpenoids.
KSHEERA BASTI – A REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors: K.P Layasree , Krishnan P Shaiju
Published: January 2025

In Ayurveda, Basti Chikitsa is considered as Ardha Chikitsa. There are different classifications of Basti based on
the ingredients and actions. Ksheera Basti is among them, and Ksheera is used as Avapa Dravya or in the form of
Ksheerapaka. Ksheera Basti also can be considered as Mridu Nirooha Basti. It is now used extensively in disorders involving Asthivaha Srotas and Majjavaha Srotases. Different formulations of Ksheera Basti are available in
Brihatrayis. Various research has been done on Ksheera Basti in different diseases and has proved its efficacy.
ROLE OF AYURVEDA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SMALL INTESTINE FUNGAL
OVERGROWTH (SIFO):
Authors: Rathore Samiksha , Girare Muraree
Published: January 2025

Small Intestinal Fungal Overgrowth (SIFO) is a condition characterised by an excessive proliferation of fungal
organisms in the small intestine. This leads to gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating, diarrhoea, abdominal
pain, and malabsorption. Conventional treatment often involves antifungal medications, but prolonged use can
lead to resistance and side effects. Ayurveda, an ancient system of holistic medicine, offers alternative approaches
to managing SIFO by addressing its root causes and promoting gut health through diet, herbal formulations, and
lifestyle modifications.
MILLET MARVELS: UNVEILING NUTRITIONAL RICHES AND HEALTH PO-TENTIAL THROUGH THE LENS OF AYURVEDA - A COMPREHENSIVE RE-VIEW
Authors: Mishra Ankita , Kumari Ojha Nisha
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Utilising functional foods to avoid diet-related illnesses is becoming more popular in the modern era. For their nutritional and therapeutic benefits, millets are wonderful, nutrient-dense cereals. Millets are possi-ble dietary supplements due to their abundance of all essential elements. Many shreds of evidence show millets have functional and wellbeing‐endorsing effects. Millets in Ayurvedic literature are described as Kudhanya (the inferior of grains), Kshudra Dhanya (little grains), and Trina Dhanya (grains originating from grass). Methodol-ogy: This review encompasses a diverse selection of ancient Ayurvedic texts and modern literature, including textbooks, research articles from databases like PUBMED and MEDLINE, and scientific journals. The focus is on millets and various small grains mentioned in Ayurveda. Result: Analysing ancient sources and several ex-periments reveals that millets have highly nutritious and health‐promoting effects, specifically in diabetes melli-tus, cancer, obesity, cardiovascular disease, etc. Conclusion: The current article suggests that modern living contributes to a rise in non-communicable diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to consume a balanced and nutritious diet consistently. Millets are among the nutrient-dense food crops essential for keeping a healthy diet and ward-ing off numerous illnesses. Once more, raising awareness of millet's nutritional and healing benefits is neces-sary. The scientific community increasingly recognises the significant potential of millets to enhance public nu-trition and combat the worldwide surge in lifestyle-related illnesses.