bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceived Child Abuse and Neglect in Hospitalized Children with Special Health Care Needs in Iran
Authors: Bahrami Niloofar , Tork-Torabi Maryam , Sotoudeh Reza , Namnabati Mahboobeh
Published: May 2024

Background:

Child Abuse and Neglect (CAN) is an important public health concern. Nurses play a key role in caring for the children and keeping them safe from abuse and neglect. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of perceived CAN in Hospitalized Children with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN) as well as the relationship between the rate and some effective factors.

Materials and Methods:

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study on 199 CSHCN aged 6–18 years old, admitted to the pediatric wards in an educational hospital, in Isfahan, Iran, in 2018. Children were selected through convenience sampling method and assessed for CAN through a child abuse questionnaire. The Pearson correlation coefficient and Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data. The p values smaller than 0.05 were regarded as significant.

Results:

According to the findings, 173 children (86.93%) had perceived CAN, the average total score of which was 9.36 contributing commonly to malnutrition 3.01 (2.36) followed by psycho-emotional abuse 2.71 (1.76), neglect 1.62 (1.23), and physical 1.52 (1.08) and sexual 0.54 (0.31) abuse based on mean (SD). Statistical analysis indicated a significant effect of child's age, economic situation of the family, mother's education and occupation, and parents' illness on the total score of perceived CAN (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Malnutrition was found to be the most common type of perceived CAN. Therefore, parents and the health system are advised to prioritize nutritional needs when planning their nutrition.
Lived Experiences of Recovered COVID-19 Patients after Hospitalization
Authors: Ardakani Mojtaba Fattahi , Farajkhoda Tahmineh , Mehrabbeik Akram
Published: May 2024

Background:

The deadly novel Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) epidemic has sickened and killed millions of people around the world. Accordingly, Iran has had the second highest incidence rate of COVID-19 deaths in the world. Because this disease affects all individual, familial, and social aspects, there is not enough information about experiences of COVID-19 patients. However, these experiences could be a missing link in explaining their attitudes, beliefs, and concerns for improving care and treatment processes during and after the disease.

Materials and Methods:

Descriptive phenomenological research was conducted in 2020 to explain experiences of 21 COVID-19 patients after post-hospitalization recovery. Semi-structured interviews were used as the data collection tool via purposeful sampling, which were continued until data saturation and analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method.

Results:

The main theme of “value of health” and the seven categories of (1) inefficient self-care, (2) overcoming the catastrophic crisis, (3) the shadow of death, (4) coping behaviors and resilience, (5) the need for support and accountability, (6) sympathy, and (7) new insights as well as 38 main codes were extracted. The patients’ general explanation in the early stages of the disease, recovery, and subsequent periods included transition from the crisis to new insights into physical, mental, sexual, familial, and economic dimensions that finally led to the review value and concept of their life.

Conclusions:

The findings of this study can be used to fulfil care and treatment needs of the patients, their families as well as caregivers, psychologists, counselors, health planners, and managers presently and in the future for similar diseases.
Factors Associated with the Involvement of Women Drug Users in Risky Sexual Behaviors
Authors: Sourinejad Hadis , Noroozi Mahnaz , Taleghani Fariba , Kheirabadi Gholam Reza
Published: May 2024

Background:

Drug use is known as an important underlying factor in the occurrence of risky sexual behaviors. The present study was conducted to identify the factors associated with the involvement of women drug users in risky sexual behaviors.

Materials and Methods:

This review was conducted by searching databases of ISI Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane, PubMed, Scientific Information Database (SID), the Iranian Magazine Database (Magiran), the Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc), and the Iranian Medical Articles Database (IranMedex) and searching through the Google Scholar engine. All the articles published in English and Persian using the keywords including substance use, drug users, addiction, substance use disorders, substance-related disorders, sexual risks, high-risk sexual behavior, HIV risk behavior, unsafe sex, unprotected sex, and risky sex were searched from January 2000 to December 2020. After reviewing the articles, out of 110 articles, 21 articles were selected for final evaluation.

Results:

Factors related to the involvement of women drug users in risky sexual behaviors were divided into five categories: individual factors, factors related to drug use, inter-personal relationships, gender discrimination, and socio-economic factors.

Conclusions:

The results can be used in the field of women's social harms in finding strategies and designing the necessary interventions to prevent risky sexual behaviors in women drug users in different societies and cultural contexts. Also, the results can be used by all researchers who want to study the relationship between these factors and the involvement of women drug users in risky sexual behaviors.
Effect of Premature Infant Oral Motor Intervention on Oral Feeding and Weight Gain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jyoti  , Kodi S Malar , Deol Rupinder
Published: May 2024

Background:

Sucking and swallowing coordination did not achieve until 32–34 weeks of gestation in premature infants. Oral motor stimulations improve oral motor musculature and neurobehavioral synergism which improves the rate of oral feeding readiness and weight gain and ultimately reduces the duration of hospitalization. Premature Infant Oral Motor Interventions (PIOMI) is a specific oral motor therapy effective in improving the clinical outcomes among premature infants. Earlier no review had been conducted specifically to assess the effectiveness of PIOMI on oral feeding progression, weight gain, and Length of hospital Stay (LOS) among premature infants. So, the present review had been planned.

Materials and Methods:

Review was conducted by searching databases like PubMed/Medline, Embase, Ovid, Clinical Key and Academia, Google and Google Scholar (from PIOMI inception to October 2020). Published articles on RCTs and clinical trials were included.

Results:

Six studies, with a total of 301 premature infants, were included in Meta Analysis (MA). PIOMI was found effective in early attainment of feeding progression (Mean Difference (MD) = −4.63 days at 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = −4.97 to − 4.29, p < 0.001) and shifting from gavage to independent oral feeding (MD = −2.54 days at 95% CI = −3.13 to − 1.95, p < 0.001), shows weight gain at discharge (MD = 51.61 grams at 95% CI = 19.84 to 83.38, p = 0.001), and reduces LOS (MD = −2.81 days at 95% CI = −3.51 to − 2.10, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Review shows shows the effectiveness of PIOMI in improving oral feeding progression and early attainment of gavage to independent oral feedings, and it also showed weight gain at discharge and reduced LOS.
The Effect of Midwife-Based Listening Visit on Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Among Mothers of Premature Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Ebadi Najmeh , Attarha Mahtab , Nokani Mustafa
Published: May 2024

Background:

Mothers of infants hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) may experience a variety of psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and stress. This study investigated the effect of midwife-based Listening Visit (LV) on stress, anxiety, and depression among mothers of premature infants in the NICU.

Materials and Methods:

This randomized clinical trial study was performed on 60 mothers of premature neonates who were admitted to the NICU of Taleghani Maternity Hospital between February and April 2018 in Arak, Iran. They were selected through simple random sampling. For the intervention group (n = 30), six counseling sessions were held twice a week. The control group (n = 30) did not receive any intervention. The mean values of stress, anxiety, and depression were measured before and 4 and 8 weeks after the intervention. Data were gathered using the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). The t-test and Chi-square test were used to analyze the data.

Results:

The mean scores of anxiety (F
(2, 98) = 19.92, p < 0.001), stress (F
(2, 98) = 43.94, p< 0.001), and depression (F
(2, 98) = 42.95, p< 0.001) significantly reduced after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention in the LV group.

Conclusions:

LVs delivered by midwives can be effective in improving anxiety, stress, and depression in mothers of preterm infants in the NICU. Implementation of LV in the NICU resolves a recognized need and highlights the importance of psychological screening, and monitoring and support services for these mothers.
The Relationship between Daily Spiritual Experiences and the Dimensions of Spiritual Care Competence in Nursing Students: The Dimension of Professionalization and Improvement of the Quality of Spiritual Care
Authors: Estebsari Fatemeh , Farhadi Nasab Abdollah , Barati Mohadaseh , Stiri Sara , Fath Marjan Moradi , Mostafaie Davoud , Kandi Zahra Rahimi Khalifeh
Published: May 2024

Background:

Daily spiritual experiences and spiritual care competence have positive health effects on patients and form an integral part of the nursing profession. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between daily spiritual experiences and the dimensions of spiritual care competence in nursing students.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 401 nursing students in their last year of the program. The participants were selected from nursing schools in Tehran Province, Iran, in the academic year 2019–2020. The required data were extracted using a demographic information questionnaire, the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES), and the Spiritual Care Competence Scale (SCCS). The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software at the significance level of 0.05.

Results:

The mean (SD) of daily spiritual experiences and total spiritual care competence was 67.15 (16.33) and 101.77 (16.26), respectively. The personal support and patient counseling dimensions had the highest mean (SD) [22.10) 4.80)]. Among all these dimensions of spiritual care competence, only professionalization and improvement of the quality of spiritual care were predictors of the students’ daily spiritual experiences (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The professionalization dimension of spiritual care competence was identified as a predictor of daily spiritual experience in nursing students. Therefore, the researchers recommend the highlighting of this dimension in nursing programs to promote the students’ spiritual care competence.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Nurses Toward COVID-19
Authors: Marthoenis Marthoenis , Maskur Maskur
Published: May 2024

Background:

Limited study has been conducted on the Indonesian nurses' knowledge, attitude, and behavior toward Coronavirus disease 2019. We investigated the Knowledge, Attitude, Practice (KAP) of nurses working in the referral hospital toward the COVID-19 disease.

Materials and Methods:

Using a questionnaire on KAP toward COVID-19, a cross-sectional online data collection was conducted in the mid of 2020 to examine the nurses' KAP, perception, and experience toward COVID-19.

Results:

The correct rate of knowledge was 85.60%. No significant difference of all KAP items between the COVID-19 and regular nurses was observed (P>0.05). They had positive attitudes regarding the pandemic and good practices for virus transmission prevention. Most nurses were worried that they will be infected by COVID-19 (91.53%).

Conclusions:

The Indonesian nurses have good knowledge, a positive attitude, and good practices regarding the virus, transmission, and prevention. The fact that the majority of nurses feel worried demands further investigations.
The Effect of a Combined Exercise Program on the Fatigue Severity of Patients with Breast Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Darvishi Elahe , Musarezaie Amir , Bahrami Masoud , Karimian Jahangir
Published: May 2024

Background:

Breast Cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, including in Iran. Chemotherapy as one of the basic treatments for BC leads to many side effects such as fatigue. This study aimed to examine the effect of a combined exercise program on the intensity of fatigue in patients with BC undergoing chemotherapy.

Materials and Methods:

This clinical trial study was conducted on 64 patients with BC undergoing chemotherapy referring to the Seyyed al-Shoada and the Al-Zahra clinics from January to April 2022. Eligible patients who met inclusion criteria were recruited by the convenience sampling and then assigned randomly to intervention and control groups. The combined exercise program in the intervention group was done for 8 weeks as three sessions a week (34 sessions) each for 35–40 min. Piper’s Fatigue Scale was completed for both groups before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.

Results:

The results showed that the mean score of fatigue intensity in both control and intervention groups had a statistically significant difference after the intervention (p = 0.004). The mean fatigue intensity score in the intervention group decreased significantly from mean (SD) 8.17 (1.88) to 5.56 (1.74).

Conclusions:

Based on the results, a combined exercise program can reduce fatigue in patients with BC. Therefore, nurses can utilize exercise programs and practices as a subset of complementary medicine alongside other treatment methods, which can effectively promote cancer patients’ quality of life by reducing their fatigue.
Effect of Tele-Medicine on Health Anxiety and Pregnancy-Related Anxiety in Pregnant Women during the COVID-19 Epidemic in Iran
Authors: Iravani Mina , Bahmaei Hadis , Askari Saeedeh , Ghanbari Saeed , Nasab Maryam Beheshti , Masihi Sara
Published: May 2024

Background:

The global spread of the new coronavirus has increased the necessity of innovations to increase the quality of health care. This study was intended to examine the impact of tele-medicine on health anxiety and pregnancy-related anxiety in pregnant women during the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran.

Materials and Methods:

This quasi-experimental study was performed between March and May 2020. Sampling was done using multi-stage random sampling method. A total of 104 pregnant women were in two groups (intervention: n = 52, control: n = 52). Data were collected using a demographic and obstetric information questionnaire, the Health Anxiety Questionnaire, and Van den Bergh’s Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire. The intervention group received counseling services for 2 months by researchers through telephone conversations, text messages, and applications such as WhatsApp, Telegram, and Instagram. In addition to routine pregnancy care, they could contact the researchers by phone and receive the necessary advice in case of any questions, ambiguities, or problems. The control group included pregnant women who received only routine pregnancy care.

Results:

After the intervention, health anxiety scores of pregnant women in the control group were significantly higher than those of the experimental group (t98 = 13.54, p < 0.001). Also, the mean (SD) scores of pregnancy-related anxiety in the control group were significantly higher compared with the intervention group (t98 = 3.80, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Using tele-medicine, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic can reduce unnecessary referrals of pregnant women to medical centers and their risk of developing the disease, on the one hand, and by reducing women’s anxiety, however, it can improve psychological consequences.
Topic Analysis of Nursing Research Using Co-Word Analysis
Authors: Khasseh Ali Akbar , Amiri Mohammad Reza , Sadeghi Amir
Published: May 2024

Background:

Nursing is one of the most important areas of medical sciences whose developments including its scientific publications can influence health care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate nursing articles published from 2013 to 2018, and to provide a comprehensive view of common topical clusters in this research area.

Materials and Methods:

In this practical research, bibliometrics method and co-word analysis technique are used. The study population included all the articles in nursing area indexed in Web of Science from 2013 to 2018. The bibliometrics software, including BibExcel, UCINET, and SPSS was used to analyze the data.

Results:

Results indicated that the most frequently used nursing words in nursing research articles were “Quality of life,” “Aged,” “Education,” and “Nursing.” Moreover, the pairs such as “Anxiety-Depression”, “Education, Nursing-Students, Nursing” and “Depression--Quality of life” were the most frequent co-occurrences. The use of hierarchical clustering led to the formation of seven topical clusters in Nursing: “Nursing care for the Aged,” “Self-care,” “Physical, emotional, and social support, “Mother and child health,” “Preventing nursing care,” “Nursing profession Research,” and “Quality of nursing care.”

Conclusions:

The growth of nursing scientific productions is an indicative of the importance of this subject area in healthcare services; however, there is no balanced growth in various subjects.
Evaluation of Couple's Sexual Function after Childbirth with the Biopsychosocial Model
Authors: Hajimirzaie Saiedeh Saiedeh , Tehranian Najmeh , Razavinia Fatemeh , Khosravi Ahmad , Keramat Afsaneh , Haseli Arezoo , Mirzaii Mehdi , Mousavi Seyed Abbas
Published: May 2024

Background:

After childbirth, sexual dysfunction refers to a chain of psychiatric, physiological, social changes and a couple's experiences. The purpose of our Systematic Review (Syst.Rev.) is to evaluate available high-quality evidence and construct a Bio Psycho Social (BPS) model of couple's sexual function after childbirth.

Materials and Methods:

A systematic search was done with MeSH terms in databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science direct. A total number of 9 Syst.Rev. were evaluated from 2009 to 2019 years. The quality of extracted articles was evaluated based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist of contents using two qualified reviewers. Data synthesis was performed using the thematic analysis.

Results:

Biopsychosocial Model of Postpartum Couple's Sexual Function (BMPCSF) is proposed as a developmental process similar to Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Systems Model. Studies showed a significant relationship among the type of childbirth, trauma of perineum, breastfeeding, mood swings, fears, changes in the self-body image, spousal support, and Postpartum Sexual Dysfunction (PSD). Hence, the evidence about male sexuality in the postpartum period doesn't seem sufficient.

Conclusions:

The information from this study will help health policymakers develop the appropriate guidelines to inform couples and healthcare professionals about the BPS changes after childbirth and PSD. Besides, BMPCSF can be used in postpartum sexual counseling to improve sexual health and marital relationships. We propose comprehensive original study on couples' postpartum sexuality, especially men's conduct, emphasizing socio-cultural factors.
Effect of Communication Skills Training Using the Calgary-Cambridge Model on Interviewing Skills among Midwifery Students
Authors: Baniaghil Asieh-Sadat , Ghasemi Shohreh , Rezaei-Aval Masumeh , Behnampour Nasser
Published: May 2024

Background:

An effective interview can strengthen the clinician-patient relationship and improve treatment outcomes. We aimed to assess the effect of communication skills training using the Calgary-Cambridge model on interviewing skills among midwifery students.

Materials and Methods:

In this randomized controlled trial, 30 midwifery students of Golestan University of Medical Sciences were selected using the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned through minimization into the intervention (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups in 2018. The routine interventions were administered for the control group, and four sessions of communication skills training based on the Calgary-Cambridge model was performed in small groups for the intervention group. Evan and colleague's History-taking Rating Scale was used before and four weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed using paired and independent-sample t and Mann-Whitney U tests at the significance level of less than 0.05.

Results:

The mean (SD) scores of interviewing skill before and after the intervention was 33.71 (7.34) and 54.50 (8.16), respectively, in the intervention group (t13= 9.26, p < 0.001) and 33.64 (6.02) and 33.93 (5.39) in the control group, respectively (p = 0.85). The difference between the two groups was significant (t26= 7.86, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Communication skills training based on the Calgary-Cambridge model can be used as an effective method to improve interviewing skills among midwifery students.
Investigating the Effect of Implementing a Web-Based Educational Program on Fathers’ Involvement in Infant Care 0 to 6 Months
Authors: Bagheri Maryam , Salari Elahe , Malaijerdi Raziye , Nazari Sakineh
Published: May 2024

Background:

Fathers need education to understand their role in infant care and its implications regarding the child’s health. Virtual education has been able to compensate for the shortcomings of traditional training and education, and with respect to this, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of virtual education on fathers about infant care and their involvement in infant care.

Materials and Methods:

The quasi-experimental study was performed on 83 participants in healthcare centers affiliated with North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. The involvement of fathers in infant care was assessed with a questionnaire of the father’s involvement in the care of the infant (mother-reported) in 4-time points: 3-5 days, and 2, 4, and 6 months after birth. Educational materials based on the child’s growth and needs and as well as the latest references and national guidelines were prepared, and as the infant grew, were taught step by step to fathers using Soroush’s messenger while their questions were answered.

Results:

The mean score of total father involvement in infant care at two, four, and six months after childbirth was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

With regard to the lack of access to fathers during their working hours, virtual education can be used to increase their involvement in infant care.
Association between Socioeconomic Status and Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance Index and Mediating Variables at the First Trimester of Pregnancy
Authors: Mohammadi Raziyeh , Goodarzi-Khoigani Masoomeh , Allameh Zahra , Mazloomy Mahmoodabad Seyed Saeed , Baghiani Moghadam Mohammad Hossein , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh , Mardanian Farahnaz
Published: May 2024

Background:

Some studies have shown that Socioeconomic Status (SES) is positively related to insulin resistance among different population groups, except for pregnant women. Therefore, we examined the relationship between SES and Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index as well as mediating variables.

Materials and Methods:

This study was performed on 138 primiparous healthy women at 6–10 weeks of pregnancy. The association between SES and HOMA-IR was analyzed by regression analysis, and mediating variables were determined by mediation analysis.

Results:

SES score was positively correlated with HOMA-IR index [β = 0.02, t101 = 2.20, p = 0.03, 95% CI: (0.00–0.05]. The higher percentage of mediation was related to maternal weigh (70.80%). Job activity had a protective effect on the association between SES and HOMA-IR (-62.50%). The total percentage of two mediators was 25%.

Conclusions:

The positive relationship between SES and (HOMA-IR) in early pregnancy may provide a way to control this condition.
The Effect of Breast Massage Training on Self-Efficacy and Perceived Stress of Prim Parous Women: A Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Ramezani Somayeh , Garkaz Omid , Khosravi Ahmad , Ghasemi Zohra , Paryab Sahar , Bolbolhaghighi Nahid
Published: May 2024

Background:

Breastfeeding is a highly efficacious, health-promoting activity that prevents many disorders and diseases. Successful breastfeeding depends on various maternal physiological and psychological factors, among which breastfeeding self-efficacy is an adjustable framework. This study investigates the effect of breast massage training on self-efficacy and perceived stress in primiparous women.

Materials and Methods:

This study is a clinical trial study on 132 eligible primiparous mothers referred to Bahar Hospital from August 15, 2019, to December 15, 2020. The women were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The massage was performed in the intervention group before breastfeeding. The data were collected using a standard breastfeeding self-efficacy questionnaire and the Sheldon Perceived Standard Questionnaire. Data were entered into SPSS 18 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and analysis of variance.

Results:

The results of this study showed that the mean (SD) breastfeeding self-efficacy in the breast massage training group with direct midwife involvement was 61.63 (9.21), higher than the one in the control group 51.51 (11.62). In addition, perceived stress was 19.81 in the intervention group and 24.84 in the control group, which was also statistically significant.

Conclusions:

Due to the increase in self-efficacy scores and decrease in stress scores after breast massage, this method can improve breastfeeding performance in women. Therefore, educational strategies should be developed in this area.
The Impact of Online Learning among Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Widiasih Restuning , Suryani Suryani , Rakhmawati Windy , Arifin Hidayat
Published: May 2024

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic changed the educational system from conventional learning in schools to online learning. The use of the internet as a learning medium can have positive and negative impacts on adolescents and cause concern for mothers. In this study, mothers' perspectives were explored with the phenomenological approach to assess their experience of the effect on line learning during the COVID-19 pandemic among adolescents.

Materials and Methods:

The qualitative study design: phenomenology was conducted on mothers with children at senior high school education levels. The data were collected using in-depth interviews from June to November 2020 in West Java, Indonesia. A total of 13 mothers were recruited using the purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using the Colaizzi method and NVIVO software for managing the coding process.

Results:

We obtained four themes, namely (1) formation of adolescent behavior with the internet, (2) prevention of internet addiction, (3) disturbance of cognitive development, and (4) negative effect of online learning.

Conclusions:

The usage of the internet cannot be avoided. By guiding adolescents, the negative effects of the internet could be prevented. Developing learning programs, media, and online learning strategies according to students' needs should be promoted.
Perceived Barriers and Needs in Accessing Sexual Health Services for Iranian Couples: A Qualitative Research
Authors: Samadi Parisa , Alipour Zahra , Maasoumi Raziyeh
Published: May 2024

Background:

Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) and access to related services are the most important issues and are part of reproductive health rights. Therefore, this study was designed and conducted to explain the perceived barriers and needs in accessing sexual health services for Iranian couples.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted this study on 14 subjects at the Navab Health Center in Isfahan and Behsa Counseling Center in Tehran from November 2015 to December 2016 by common qualitative content analysis approach through semi-structured interviews.

Results:

The results show that sub-subcategories “Therapist’s Individual Traits” and “Specialized Skills of Therapist” formed “Need for Access to a Professional Therapist” subcategory and sub-subcategories “Provide specialized problem-based treatments” and “Rapid and Timely Therapy of Sexual Problems” formed the “Need for Timely and Comprehensive Access” subcategory and these two subcategories formed the main category of “Need to access a specialized, comprehensive and timely sexual health services system.” Furthermore, sub-subcategories of “Failure to Prioritize Sexual Matters” and “Lack of sexual awareness” formed the “Individual Challenges of Search for Sexual Health Services” subcategory, and sub-subcategories of “Sexual Problems are a Taboo” and “Lack of awareness of the existence of sex therapists and sexual health service centers” formed “Sociocultural Challenges to Access Sexual Health Services” subcategory. Two subcategories formed the main category of “Obstacles to Access Efficient and Proper Sexual Health Services.”

Conclusions:

The explored couple’s experiences demonstrated that the need to receive timely and comprehensive specialized sexual health services because of the obstacles to access is not provided.
Exploration of therapeutic potential and evidence-based applications of Shwaskuthar Rasa: A scoping review
Authors: Vaidya Meghna , Upadhyay Abhishek , Kumar Sanjay , Sharma Karunanidhi
Published: May 2024

Shwaskuthar Rasa (SKR) is an important herbo-mineral medicine of Ayurveda that has gained recognition for its potential therapeutic effects in respiratory diseases. The formulation combines processed mercury, sulfur, Vatsanabha (Aconitum chasmanthum Stapf ex Holmes), Tankana (borax), Manahshila (realgar), Pippali (Piper longum L.), Shunthi (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), and Maricha (Piper nigrum L.). The drug was also listed in the Ayush guidelines for Ayurveda practitioners in the context of COVID-19. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature on SKR, by systematically organizing the available literature related to its quality, efficacy, safety, and potential therapeutic benefits. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic search strategy was employed to explore relevant published literature on SKR. Online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Digital Helpline for Ayurveda Research Articles were searched using various combinations of keywords and Boolean operators. The online database search yielded 38 results, including 37 articles and 1 thesis. After an initial review, 27 non-duplicate records were retrieved, comprising 11 preclinical studies, 8 clinical studies, 6 review articles, and 2 case reports. The information retrieved was sorted, critically analyzed, and discussed in this review. The review found that SKR is a potent herbo-mineral drug with potential therapeutic benefits for respiratory diseases. It has been studied for its acute and chronic toxicity and its antimicrobial, antitussive, anti-allergic, and anti-asthmatic activities. The evidence suggests that SKR is a safe and effective medicine for treating asthma and related disorders.
Amisulpride-induced phonic and motor tics: A rare case report
Authors: Bhogaraju Anand , Vakiti Renuka , Kandula Somabala Charishma , Jezreel Tabitha
Published: May 2024

This is a rare side effect of amisulpride-induced phonic and motor tics that completely resolved within 2 weeks of stopping the drug. Naranjo adverse drug effect probability scale is eight, suggests that it's a probable causation of the tics.
Prevalence of post traumatic stress disorder among patients discharged from COVID-19 isolation ward: Its association with medical comorbidities and length of hospital stay – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Monicka Kalaimani , Natarajan Sneha , Thumurothu Hasanthi , Rao Anisetty Visweswara
Published: May 2024

Background:

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common pathological consequence of a variety of traumatic events. The core symptoms of PTSD, according to the The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), include persistent intrusion symptoms, persistent avoidance of stimuli, negative alterations in cognition or mood, and marked changes in arousal and reactivity, all of which are related to the traumatic event experienced.

Aim:

The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of PTSD in coronavirus disease 2019 patients 1 month after discharge from the corona isolation unit at a tertiary care hospital.

Methodology:

It was a cross-sectional analytical study. The study population were individuals over 18 years of age who tested positive and had been discharged from the corona isolation ward after recovery. They were interviewed by telephone, 1 month after discharge and enquired about demographic details and the questions from the PCL-5 checklist, after obtaining their consent.

Results:

PTSD prevalence was 43%. A significant association (P < 0.05) was obtained between PTSD and age (>55), female gender, and number of initial symptoms (≥3). Linear correlation was obtained between length of stay (>14 days) and PCL-5 scores. Diabetes and hypertension had a significant association with PTSD.

Conclusion:

Telemental health programs should be launched to screen for psychological problems, and on positive screening, mental health professionals can help reduce the patient distress level by providing stress coping skills and brief cognitive behavioral therapy. Integrated, holistic care and technology hold hope to address the bidirectional effect of physical and mental illnesses.
Division rings for group algebras of virtually compact special groups and $3$-manifold groups
Authors: Fisher Sam P. , Sánchez-Peralta Pablo
Published: May 2024

Let

k

be a division ring and let

G

be either a torsion-free virtually compact special group or a finitely generated torsion-free

3

-manifold group. We embed the group algebra

kG

in a division ring and prove that the embedding is Hughes-free whenever

G

is locally indicable. In particular, we prove that Kaplansky’s Zero Divisor Conjecture holds for all group algebras of torsion-free

3

-manifold groups. The embedding is also used to confirm a conjecture of Kielak and Linton. Thanks to the work of Jaikin-Zapirain and Linton, another consequence of the embedding is that

kG

is coherent whenever

G

is a virtually compact special one-relator group. If

G

is a torsion-free one-relator group, let

\overline{kG}

be the division ring containing

kG

constructed by Lewin and Lewin. We prove that

\overline{kG}

is Hughes-free whenever a Hughes-free

kG

-division ring exists. This is always the case when

k

is of characteristic zero; in positive characteristic, our previous result implies that this happens when

G

is virtually compact special.
Случайные $A$-подстановки в параметрической модели
Authors: Ivchenko Grigorii Ivanovich , Medvedev Yurii Ivanovich
Published: May 2024

Рассматриваются подстановки множества $X_n=\{1,2,$ $\ldots,n\}$, у которых длины всех циклов являются элементами заданного подмножества $A\subset \{1,2,\ldots\}$. На множестве $S_n(A)$ таких подстановок задается параметрическая вероятностная мера и исследуются свойства цикловой структуры случайной подстановки для различных видов подмножества $A$. Также рассматриваются задачи проверки соответствующих статистических гипотез о модели.
О безопасности протокола CRISP
Authors: Kiryukhin Vitalii Aleksandrovich
Published: May 2024

С использованием доказательного подхода к оценке свойств криптосистем представлено обоснование стойкости российского стандартизированного протокола CRISP, предназначенного для проверки целостности, обеспечения конфиденциальности и защиты от повторного навязывания сообщений. Протокол рассматривался в качестве специфической схемы аутентифицированного шифрования с ассоциированными данными (AEAD), при этом учитывалась возможность использования одного ключа разными отправителями и в разных криптонаборах. Предъявлены требования к используемым криптонаборам, показано, что существующие криптонаборы соответствуют им, а стойкость протокола в этом случае сводится к стойкости шифра «Магма». На основе полученных оценок даны рекомендации по нагрузке на ключ.
Оценка надежности метода максимального правдоподобия при его использовании для решения систем уравнений с искажениями в правых частях. II
Authors: Kopyttsev Viktor Alekseevich
Published: May 2024

Исследуется надежность метода максимального правдоподобия для решения систем булевых уравнений со случайным выбором неизвестных в каждом уравнении и с искажениями в правых частях. В левых частях уравнений этих систем используется заданный набор булевых функций. Определяются условия, при которых надежность метода близка к единице.
Hepatitis C virus eradication in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: Where are we now?
Authors: Spera Anna Maria , Pagliano Pasquale , Conti Valeria
Published: May 2024

Hepatitis C virus (HCV)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection still involves 2.3 million patients worldwide of the estimated 37.7 million living with HIV, according to World Health Organization. People living with HIV (PLWH) are six times greater affected by HCV, compared to HIV negative ones; the greater prevalence is encountered among people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men: the risk of HCV transmission through sexual contact in this setting can be increased by HIV infection. These patients experience a high rate of chronic hepatitis, which if left untreated progresses to end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) HIV infection increases the risk of mother to child vertical transmission of HCV. No vaccination against both infections is still available. There is an interplay between HIV and HCV infections. Treatment of HCV is nowadays based on direct acting antivirals (DAAs), HCV treatment plays a key role in limiting the progression of liver disease and reducing the risk of HCC development in mono- and coinfected individuals, especially when used at an early stage of fibrosis, reducing liver disease mortality and morbidity. Since the sustained virological response at week 12 rates were observed in PLWH after HCV eradication, the AASLD has revised its simplified HCV treatment algorithm to also include individuals living with HIV. HCV eradication can determine dyslipidemia, since HCV promotes changes in serum lipid profiles and may influence lipid metabolism. In addition to these apparent detrimental effects on the lipid profile, the efficacy of DAA in HCV/HIV patients needs to be considered in light of its effects on glucose metabolism mediated by improvements in liver function. The aim of the present editorial is to describe the advancement in HCV treatment among PLWH.
Role of incretins and glucagon receptor agonists in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Xie Chencheng , Alkhouri Naim , Elfeki Mohamed A
Published: May 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, paralleling the rising pandemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Due to the growing global health burden and complex pathogenesis of MASLD, a multifaceted and innovative therapeutic approach is needed. Incretin receptor agonists, which were initially developed for diabetes management, have emerged as promising candidates for MASLD treatment. This review describes the pathophysiological mechanisms and action sites of three major classes of incretin/glucagon receptor agonists: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonists, and glucagon receptor agonists. Incretins and glucagon directly or indirectly impact various organs, including the liver, brain, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and adipose tissue. Thus, these agents significantly improve glycemic control and weight management and mitigate MASLD pathogenesis. Importantly, this study provides a summary of clinical trials analyzing the effectiveness and safety of incretin receptor agonists in MASLD management and provides an in-depth analysis highlighting their beneficial effects on improving liver function, hepatic steatosis, and intrahepatic inflammation. There are emerging challenges associated with the use of these medications in the real world, particularly adverse events, drug-drug interactions, and barriers to access, which are discussed in detail. Additionally, this review highlights the evolving role of incretin receptor agonists in MASLD management and suggests future research directions.
A Work Readiness Scale for Allied Health Graduates
Authors: Lawton Vidya , Ilhan Emre , Pacey Verity , Jones Taryn M. , Walker Arlene , Dean Catherine M.
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The transition for allied health graduates from university to the workforce has been perceived to be difficult and overwhelming, leading to early attrition within healthcare professions. Work readiness is a crucial aspect of successful transition to the workforce, however, the elements of work readiness are not clearly defined. The purpose of this project was to refine the measurement of work-readiness in allied health graduates. Method: A 62-item Work Readiness Scale for Allied Health Professionals (WRS-AH), based on a work readiness scale for a generic population of graduates, was validated and refined using an exploratory factor analysis. Results: Participants were 245 Australian allied health professional graduates who completed the WRS-AH. An exploratory factor analysis supported a four-factor solution with domains (interpersonal capabilities, practical wisdom, personal attributes, and organisational acumen) similar to the original WRS. The final WRS-AH32 had 32 items, demonstrated good reliability, and explained 38% of the total variance. Using the WRS-AH32, on average, the Australian allied health graduates reported an overall work readiness score of 80% (SD 8) with scores highest for practical wisdom (Mean 90%, SD 8) and lowest for personal attributes (Mean 65%, SD 14). Conclusions: The WRS-AH32 confirms that work readiness is a multi-dimensional construct, reflecting that work within a dynamic, 21st century healthcare system requires more than just profession specific work competence. The WRS-AH may provide a more targeted approach to interventions to improve work readiness in future allied health professional graduates. Recommendations: The WRS-AH32 is a reliable scale to measure the perceived work readiness of allied health graduates as they transition from university to the workforce however ongoing validation is needed to establish construct validity.
Screening for Social Determinants of Health in Ohio Physical and Occupational Therapists
Authors: Pullar Zoe , Bertke Chloe , Richard Kayla , Tafelski Katherine , Hassen-Miller Amy
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate if and how frequently Ohio occupational and physical therapists are screening for social determinants of health within their patient population. Method: A cross sectional electronic survey was sent out to all occupational and physical therapists in the state of Ohio who have an active license with the Ohio Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy, and Athletic Trainers Board (There is a single board in Ohio that represents all three of these disciplines.). Frequencies and cross tabulations were analyzed to determine relationships between asking about social determinants of health and various demographic factors. Results: Of the 18,416 surveys sent out, 1,639 surveys were returned and eligible for analysis. Sixty six percent of respondents indicated they were screening for social determinants of health at least half of the time. While patient discomfort was indicated as the greatest barrier to screening for social determinants of health, 20% of respondents stated they experience no barriers. Additionally, demographic factors such as clinical affiliations, years practiced, membership in the American Occupational Therapy Association or American Physical Therapy Association, and profession did not impact the frequency of screening for social determinants of health. On the other hand, factors such as working in the home health setting, having a Doctor of Science, Education, or Philosophy degree, having a post-graduate certification and specialization, and having participated in a fellowship program showed slightly higher rates of screening. Conclusions: The majority of occupational and physical therapists in the state of Ohio report they are screening for social determinants of health at least half of the time, and few differences were noted between demographic factors. While some barriers to screening have been identified, further research should be done to gain a better understanding of these barriers and how to address them. Additionally, further research may be needed to identify if therapists are truly addressing social needs or addressing contextual factors.
Forward Thinking and Adaptability to Sustain and Advance IPECP in Healthcare Transformation Following the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Khalili Hossein , Pandey Jyotsna , Langlois Sylvia , Park Vikki , Brown Ryan , El-Awaisi Alla , MacMillan Kathleen , Cohen Konrad Shelley , Daulton Brittany , Green Christpher , Kolcu Giray , McCartan Charlotte , Baugh Gina , Pfeifle Andrea , Wetzimair Lisa , Kolcu Inci , Breitbach Anthony
Published: May 2024

The proliferation of the novel SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus across the globe in 2020 produced a shared trauma internationally of unprecedented devastation, disruption, and death. At the same time, the pandemic has been a transformation catalyst accelerating the implementation and adoption of long overdue changes in healthcare education and practice, including telehealth and virtual learning. The COVID-19 pandemic has placed healthcare at a crossroads, either viewing it as a temporary situation that requires short-term solutions, or as a major disruption that presents opportunities for innovation for sustainable development and transformation. As COVID-19 transitions from pandemic to endemic, we have a unique opportunity to leverage lessons learned that can foster healthcare transformation through innovation, forward thinking, and interprofessional education and collaborative practice (IPECP). With the changing landscape of higher education and healthcare, IPECP leaders need to reflect on and implement ‘Forward Thinking and Adaptability’ and ‘Sustainability and Growth’ in their IPECP approaches and strategies to achieve the Quintuple Aim. To capitalize on this opportunity and based on a recent publication by InterprofessionalResearch Global, this paper explores and debates (from a global perspective) the impact and application of healthcare education and practice transformation on IPECP with the goal to identify best practices in integrating and sustaining IPECP and building a resilient workforce.