bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variations in levels of selected micronutrients during malaria infection
Authors: Oluboyo A.O. , Fakologbon O.D. , Oluboyo B.O. , Odewusi O.O. , Ajayi F.O.
Published: December 2018

Background Malaria infection has been a global issue most especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Disease progression to severe malaria as a result of alteration in micronutrients could worsen the illness. The study aimed to determine whether there are variations in the levels of selected micronutrients (Iron, copper, magnesium, and zinc), malaria parasite density and packed cell volume (PCV) during malaria infection.

Material and methods A total of one hundred young adults between the ages of eighteen and twenty two years were investigated. Blood samples were collected from fifty malaria subjects and fifty apparently non-infected subjects. Malaria detection was by microscopy while the parasite density was estimated using WHO standard procedure. Analysis of selected micronutrients (copper, iron, magnesium and zinc) was carried out using direct measurement on atomic absorption spectrophotometer and PCV was estimated using Micro-haematocrit method.

Results The results showed that the levels of the micronutrients were significantly higher (p<0.05) in malaria subjects compared with controls. Significant positive relationships between copper, magnesium and zinc were found at p<0.01 and p<0.05.

Conclusion The study concluded that there are significant variations in the levels of the micronutrients during malaria infection.
The Influence of Respondent Characteristics and Different Areas on Small-Scale Fisherman Household Income of Urban Coastal Areas in Pare-Pare City, South Sulawesi
Authors: Rahim Abd. , Hastuti Diah Retno Dwi , Pradipta Dita , Bustanul Nurbaya , Azizah Nur
Published: December 2018

Traditional fishermen are small-scale fisheries with small-scale catches. They are commonly found in coastal areas and become one of the main income source of coastal communities in developing countries. They use simple fishing gear and small boats in fishing, such as outboard motor and non-powered motor. The changing of seasons (arrest and famine) in Makassar Strait Waters Bordered which is directly to the West coastal area of Pare-Pare City of South Sulawesi Province Indonesia result in the change of the catch and income production of the catching business. That affects the change of household income, especially the small-scale fishermen outboard motor. The multiple regression econometrics analysis method with independent variable estimation model qualitative was applied. The census technique was used in this study with the total of 42 respondents. The findings indicate that the age as the characteristics of the fisherman respondents and the difference of residence areas have an effect on the change of household income of small-scale fisherman. Meanwhile the education, family dependent, and the experience of going to sea do not affect the household income. The productive fishermen has a better physical ability to make an optimal capture for the welfare of their family in meeting the needs in their household.JEL Classification: D19, Q18, Q22
PERTANGGUNGJAWABANPT. POS INDONESIA (PERSERO) TERHADAP KETIDAKSESUAIAN LAYANAN POS EXPRESS DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN
Authors: Maharani Yosa Cynthia
Published: December 2018

Pos Express adalah salah satu layanan yang memiliki kualitas produk dan tariff bersaing dalam industry

layanan perposan serta memiliki sifat dan jenis layanan dengan pelayanan khusus/special treatment. Dengan

mengusung slogan yang diunggulkan, “kiriman Anda sehari sampai”, PASTI!’.Pertanggungjawaban PT. Pos

Indonesia (Persero) atas ketidaksesuain layanan Pos Express adalah dengan memberi ganti rugi atas kerugian

konsumen baik berupa keterlambatan, kerusakan maupun kehilangan kiriman.

Perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen yang ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang

Perlindungan Konsumen, dilakukan PT. Pos Indonesia (Persero) melalui cara preventif dan represif.

Penyelesaian komplain yang diajukan konsumen kepada PT. Pos Indonesia (Persero) selama ini diselesaikan

melalui baik melalui jalur diluar pengadilan/jalurdamai dengan memberikan ganti rugi maupun melalui jalur

pengadilan.

Kata kunci: Pos Express dan Perlindungan Konsumen
DINAMIKA PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DI INDONESIA
Authors: Suhartono Selamet
Published: December 2018

Any solution to the environment in Indonesia is very dynamic in line with the development: UULH (the law on the environment) was regulated through the court channel and tripartite institutions, UUPLH (the law on the environmental management), through the court and out of cour channels, namely the institution with an authotiry to decide and not to decide but the forms of the institutions are not clearly mentioned, namely arbitration and mediation which is clearly stated. The use of the court channels is based on the choices made by parties, and it is marely solved through the court if this kind of solution is stated to be wrong by one two parties.Kata Kunci: sengketa lingkungan, pengadilan, luar pengadilan.
Processing of Aluminum Metal-Matrix Composites
Authors: Harrigan W.C.
Published: December 2018

In general, metal-matrix composites (MMCs) are classified into three broad categories: continuous fiber-reinforced composites, discontinuous or short fiber-reinforced composites, and particle-reinforced composites. This article focuses on stir casting and melt infiltration as the two main methods of MMC solidification processing. It describes the MCC casting methods, such as sand and permanent mold casting, centrifugal casting, compocasting, and high-pressure die casting. The article discusses the MMC infiltration processes in terms of pressure infiltration casting and liquid metal infiltration. It reviews the powder metallurgy processing of aluminum MMCs and deformation processing of discontinuously reinforced aluminum composites. The article concludes with a discussion on the processing of fiber-reinforced aluminum.
Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Miller Erik , Liu Shuang
Published: December 2018

Most welding lasers fall into the category of fiber, disc, or direct diode, all of which can be delivered by fiber optic. This article provides a comparison of the energy consumptions and efficiencies of laser beam welding (LBW) with other major welding processes. It discusses the two modes of laser welding: conduction-mode welding and deep-penetration mode welding. The article reviews the factors of process selection and procedure development for laser welding. The factors include power density, interaction time, laser beam power, laser beam diameter, laser beam spatial distribution, absorptivity, traverse speed, laser welding efficiency, and plasma suppression and shielding gas. The article concludes with a discussion on laser cutting, laser roll welding, and hybrid laser welding.
Quenching of Aluminum Alloys
Authors: MacKenzie D. Scott
Published: December 2018

The fundamental objective of quenching is to preserve, as nearly as possible, a metastable solid solution formed at the solution heat treating temperature, by rapidly cooling to some lower temperature, usually near room temperature. This article provides an overview of the factors used to determine a suitable cooling rate and the appropriate quenching process to develop a suitable cooling rate. It discusses the three distinct stages of quenching: vapor stage, boiling stage, and convection stage. The article reviews the factors that affect the rate of cooling in production operations. It discusses the quenchants that are used in quenching aluminum alloys, namely, hot or cold water and polyalkylene glycol. The article also describes the racking practices for controlling distortion and the level of residual stresses induced during the quench.
Wrought Aluminum Processes and Products
Authors: Weritz John , Lampman S.
Published: December 2018

This article introduces the basic characteristics, processes, and product forms associated with the five major categories of aluminum wrought products, namely, flat-rolled products (sheet, plate, and foil); rod, bar, and wire; tubular products; profiles; and forgings. It summarizes the various product forms in which commonly used wrought aluminum alloys are available. The article also provides design guidelines for aluminum extrusions and discusses various forming methods.
Heat Treatment Practice of Wrought Age-Hardenable Aluminum Alloys
Authors: MacKenzie D.S.
Published: December 2018

This article summarizes a typical solution and aging heat treatments of 2xxx (Al-Cu), 6xxx (Al-Mg-Si), and 7xxx (Al-Zn-Mg) wrought alloys. It discusses the general aging characteristics and the effects of reheating of aluminum alloys. Typical examples of hardness and conductivity values for various aluminum alloy tempers are listed in a table. The article also describes the age hardening of Al-Cu (Mg) alloys, Al-Mg-Si alloys, and Zn-Mg-(Cu) aluminum alloys.
Anodizing
Authors: Runge Jude Mary
Published: December 2018

Anodizing produces a uniform, continuous, highly ordered network of individual cells comprising a layer whose thickness and cell dimensions, and ultimately engineering properties, depend on the electrochemical parameters of the anodizing process. This article discusses the nucleation and growth of anodic aluminum oxide and the important characteristics of the finished porous anodic aluminum oxide. In industry, anodic oxides and the anodizing processes have been categorized into types that exhibit specific properties to suit specific applications. The article reviews the two most basic types of oxides, namely, barrier-layer anodic oxides and porous anodic oxides. It concludes with a description of postanodizing processes, such as dyeing and sealing.
Antimicrobial Resistance is a Global Problem
Authors: Salmanov A.G. , Trokhymchuk V.V. , Verner O.M. , Lugach O.O.
Published: December 2018

Infectious agents resistance to antimicrobials remains a challenging open problem of health care around the world. As a result, treatment-induced infections pose a serious threat to public health in general. This problem has become so important that the overwhelming majority of countries consider it a threat to the national security. Resistance to antimicrobials threatens to offset the very fundamentals of modern medicine and the sustainability of the public health system effective global response to a permanent infectious diseases threat. Today, antimicrobial resistance issues can be tackled provided that one implements an effective One Health approach (the principle of human and animal health interrelation), assuming that there is a coordination between different sectors and subjects, including experts in medicine, veterinary medicine, agriculture, ecology, and well-informed consumers. To ensure effectiveness of treatment, action is urgently needed to counteract the further development and spread of antibiotic resistance, which is driven by antibiotic use in all sectors. Since this resistance has no ecological, sectoral or geographical borders, its appearance in one sector affects resistance in other sectors. National authorities, veterinarians, physicians, patients and farmers all have key roles in preserving the power of antibiotics. The prevention and containment of antibiotic resistance therefore requires addressing all risk factors for the development and spread of antibiotic resistance across the full spectrum of conditions, sectors, settings (from health care to use in food-animal production) and countries. This article explores the options for prevention and containment of antibiotic resistance in the food-chain through national coordination, including the regulation and reduction of antibiotic use in food animals, training and capacity building, surveillance of resistance trends and antibiotic usage, promotion of knowledge and research, and advocacy and communication to raise awareness of the issues. The article suggests possible ways for adopting a holistic, intersectoral, multifaceted approach to this growing problem.
Polylog with a Screen or Life as a Menu Interface
Authors: Ірина Зубавіна
Published: December 2018

Peculiarities of the existence of a modern man in the world, densely packed with screens of different formats and functional purposes, are researched.Due to the multiplicity of devices surrounding a person in everyday life, the dialogue “person—screen” has turned into a polylogue, complicated by endless stratification of realities: landscapes of substantial reality and virtual worlds of computer “behind-the-screen”. Means of communication and coordination, ways of human interaction with numerous gadgets become important for perceiving the environment. Something like a computer interface or more complex—an interface menu that involves the implementation of a variety of action scenarios, the sequence of which is determined by the user according to the principle of zooming events of different distances in time and space.The article deals with the uniqueness of organization of screen chronotopes (cinema, television, electronic video, virtual reality of cyberspace); certain aspects of the daily use of the latest multimedia technologies are discussed; the influence of the on-screen culture expansion on the transformation of the general picture of the world is emphasized. The features of the leading strategies of interaction with the virtual reality of postmodern man are explored. The main ironic strategies are game, seduction, simulation. The sphere of the most complete realization of Homo Ludens in the computer’s “behind-the-screen” hyperreality is analyzed. In the ordinary existence, this is the space of computer games and the communicative space of social networks, where the crypt user, equipped with a virtue, can implement a variety of his alter-egos. Polylogue with a screen causes a fundamentally new way of communicating and broadcasting information, updating socioultural experience, transforming socially meaningful norms and standards.
Cultural Heritage of Ukraine: Reloading of Conservation System
Authors: Наталія Кондель-Пермінова
Published: December 2018

Dangerously critical current state of cultural heritage protection system in Ukraine, which have remained since the Soviet era without fundamental changes, has been analyzed in the article. It is emphasized that Ukraine loses numerous objects of cultural heritage, especially during extensive, spontaneous development in historic zones as a result of destructive processes. The author substantiates the necessity of reloading cultural heritage protection system by creating a modern effective system of preserving the national heritage of Ukraine in the context of global trends. The main development principles of the new system with consideration of mutually agreed organizational, procedural, legislative, financial, technological aspects are offered. The importance of cooperation between governmental, public and private structures, provided with legislation, flexible tax policy, producing organizing activities methods to preserve the property on the basis of economic regulation has been underlined.The new system should be focused on establishing interaction between all stakeholders, which have different positions, values, conflicting interests, to achieve a balance in the conditions of Ukrainian legislation reorganization. The author emphasizes the importance of professional training and improvement of practical qualifications, civil education, raising the level of citizens’ awareness of importance of cultural heritage in social life. Increasing the tourist attractiveness of Ukraine’s cultural heritage by including objects in national and international tourist routes will significantly enhance educational activities.
Petro Rulin as a Student of Vladimir Peretz: Methodological Aspect
Authors: Анастасія Коржова
Published: December 2018

The main stages of Petro Rulin’s scientific biography are outlined, based on printed works and archival documents. Comparative analysis of methodological principles of Rulin and his teacher Vladimir Peretz as bright representatives of theatre study formation and development period was carried out, starting from the interdependence of their methods, biographies and social demand. General signs of scientists’ scientific activity (the desire to determine theoretical and methodological foundations of the theatre history study) were characterized. It is stated that the main methodological differences between Peretz and Rulin have not only individual, but also typological features. Differences in Peretz’s and Rulin’s scientific principles are attributed to various social circumstances in which the formation of researchers occurred, different models of scientific activity, and degree of inclusion in socio-political processes.
XR Technology in the Art of Ukraine
Authors: Оксана Чепелик
Published: December 2018

Ukrainian initiatives developing VR and 360-degree video interactive filmmaking are researched: Sensorama, VR First, based in UNIT.city, a brand new tech park in Kyiv, and MMOne in Odesa that has created the world’s first three-axis virtual reality simulator-chair, responding to the video game. An overview of Sensorama activities is given. The company grows VR/AR ecosystem in Ukraine by supporting talents with infrastructure, education, mentorship, investments, community events, Kaleido VR Festival, X Reality Hackathon, artistic AI, real-time VR ART performances, immersive theater development. The second part of the article is dedicated to the analysis of Ukrainian VR/AR art practices, asking, can we make virtual reality a “thoughtful place”, a place for questioning, sharing context for critical approach? Among the examples is an interactive documentary “Chornobyl 360”, created by the founders of Sensorama Lab, filmed in spherical view of 360 degrees about Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, which was the site of Chernobyl disaster in 1986, and now proven to be in demand on the global market, as well as “Wounds360” and “Shepherds”.The contexts, in which Ukrainian cases of art with VR/AR technologies and 360-degree video narratology exist today, are described, while XR technology offers a strong perspective to Ukrainian creative sector. It is found out that lack of the collaborative involvemet and of the international institutional connections are the reasons of invisibility of Ukrainian art with the use of technologies on the world art stage.
Book evolution in the material culture
Authors: Величко Надія
Published: December 2018

The book form and its place in the modern world from the point of view of the material embodiment are outlined. The review of various definitions of the concept “book” is presented. It is shown that at the moment there is no generally accepted definition of the book. Some definitions are very narrow, while others, on the contrary, interpret the book form too wide. The history of the appearance of the book as a flip through form is studied.The changes occurring in the principles of information perception in modern conditions against the background of the active development of electronic carriers are analyzed, the main causes of the book culture crisis are considered. The main problems, facing the book design in the present, are described; the main causes of the book culture crisis are identified. It is shown that in a modern consumer society a printed book often does not have an informational role, but, like in the Middle Ages, it is an indicator of an owner’s certain social status.Different variants of the evolutionary development of the book have been considered, the two main areas are distinguished. The first one is the synthesis of electronic and paper carriers through various mechanisms of augmented reality. The second one is underlining and exaggeration in the classical book of inherent qualities only, which cannot be simulated on electronic devices, such as scrolled form, evolving in space and time, tactility, physical boundaries, etc.
Aesthetics as the Main Feature of Zakarpattian Art School
Authors: Ірина Ворович
Published: December 2018

Consider the unique phenomenon of Ukrainian culture – Zakarpattian art school of painting which continues to cause significant interest among scholars, art historians, cultural scientists during the XX–XXI centuries. To study the historical and cultural features of the Zakarpattya region, its natural environment, which influenced the formation of the original face of this artistic unit. Realized a comprehensive analysis of the Zakarpattian art school, its artistic and stylistic features, the polynational identity and succession of the national traditions of Zakarpattya. The focus is on such an aspect as the aesthetic features of this fine school. The influence of the fundamental aesthetic perception of the environment of the Zakarpattya region was emerged on the basis of the study of the preconditions of the genesis and formation of an art school in the process of studying its features
The Composition School in the Discourse of Musical Culture
Authors: Олена Дмитрієва
Published: December 2018

The article explores the appearance of the composers school as a sociocultural phenomenon. It has been found that a scientific school functions under the influence of a recognized leader in a certain scientific plane, where all subjects are united by a general program and a common idea of research work. The school’s discourse is based on constitutive features, institutional elements and neutral attributes. With regard to the relationship between scientific and artistic activities through the concept of school, we emphasize that both the scientist and the artist combine a common research perspective on a particular issue, but each of them does this in its own way, which is clearly traceable in the results of its activities. The school of composition, as an artistic, creative and pedagogical association, is tied to professional traditions and spiritual, and cultural heritage. As a cultural heritage phenomenon, it has such qualitative characteristics as the development and combination of traditions, when different sources of written and oral musical culture are transformed into a new synthesis; the presence of professional institutions in the field of musical art, the development of complex disciplines, covering a wide range of specialized subjects; the existence of a whole set of conditions for broadcasting (performance) of musical works, namely, professional performers, soloists, conductors, collectives, sophisticated audience; the formation of a new generation of students, like-minded people, heirs, etc.; the development of composer activity as a communicative component of modern culture. The essence of the idea of the composers school is best embodied in the work of Boris Lyatoshynsky, who became the founder of the so-called Ukrainian contemporary school of composition of the XX century.
V. Krychevsky and H. Narbut Legacy in Graphic Design of Ukrainian Diaspora from 1945–1989: Quotations and Paraphrases
Authors: Василь Косів
Published: December 2018

Examples of quotations and paraphrases of V. Krychevsky and H. Narbut in graphic design of the Ukrainian diaspora from 1945–1989 are considered in this article. It has been found that these methods were connected with the belief in the “Ukrainian style” as a set of specific graphic elements and with the willingness to remind about the period of the Ukrainian State existence. Visual citations include reproductions of famous works, the use of selected fragments or motifs, while paraphrases demonstrate numerous individual interpretations. The above shows that the purpose of quotations and paraphrases in graphic design of the diaspora was to create new visual stories about the original source, so they did not hide, but in a peculiar way “remade” the well-known motives.
Image of Grigory Skovoroda in the Sculpture of the 20th and Early 21st Centuries
Authors: Наталія Кубриш  , Андрій Тарасенко
Published: December 2018

The image of the philosopher, enlightener, poet Gregory Skovoroda (1722–1794) in the monumental and indoor sculpture of Ukraine of the XX — beginning of the XXI century is researched. It is shown that the main idea of the sculptural images of G. S. Skovoroda we examined is a spiritual journey to one's own essence. It is noted that the perpetuation of the image of the thinker by means of fine arts makes it possible to establish national self-awareness and spiritual self-awareness in the context of the globalization of culture. The individual interpretation of the personality of the thinker in the monumental and indoor sculpture by N. V. Krandievskaya, I. P. Kavaleridze, N. I. Stepanova is considered.The role of the creative exploration of the world artistic heritage in the creation of sculptural compositions is investigated. The importance of using the expressive capabilities of various sculptural materials in revealing the image of the Pans is shown. The transformation of the artistic image in the socio-historical and cultural context is studied. It is concluded that creating the artistic image of the philosopher-wanderer, N. V. Krandievskaya, I. P. Kavaleridze, N. I. Stepanov spiritually united with him and found moral support in times of revolutionary turmoil and totalitarian regime. Like G.S. Skovoroda, artists who embodied his image in art are characterized by internal integrity, which is based on the awareness and affirmation of human spiritual values. The artistic qualities of the sculpture we studied allowed her to overcome the historical and social barrier and become relevant to modern culture.
Pseudomorph: Theory of Design in Art History
Authors: Альона Лебедєва
Published: December 2018

Is design reduced to an exclusively practical, utilitarian discipline for which the theory is a layering on the «product», the description of the embodied method, the algorithm by which the thing should be shaped. Representation of feasibility like the construction of a form that has become — a perfect theoretical construct with a single error — in understanding its own specificity as sensually-given qualities. Theoretical questions are endowed with adaptability as an excuse for their inevitable occurrence but in the absence of visible «result», «withdrawal» and «novelty». The existence of design on the verge of the imaginary and explicit — its visibility and the reality. The contradiction of things as «things-in-themselves» and «things-for-us» is the inner relation of an object to itself which is realized in the interaction with it. A thing is a dynamic form-the process whose being is in action. In passive applicability — unification the thing seeks to acquire its own voice to assert its existence equal to man.
Contemporary Ukrainian Art and Collecting of 1991–2018
Authors: Абрамович Ігор
Published: December 2018

Since works of art are always investments not only in “emotional intelligence”, but also in “value-artistic component”, the goal of the article is to trace the formation of interaction between the creation of works of modern Ukrainian art and their collecting during Independence. Collecting works of art in Ukraine of the time indicated does not have comprehensive coverage. However, some recently published materials, allow us to present the general features of the formation of the institution of collecting in Ukraine. These publications have become the key basis for the study. It is shown that the initial motivation of collectors can be different: someone begins to simply collect “what they like”, and this irresistible attraction grows into the creation of an impressive collection, and with its formation, the collector’s preferences are also improved. Someone approaches art from the point of view of its material value, recognizing in collection a reasonable investment guaranteed against losses. Someone is engaged in collecting from the standpoint of patronage, seeking to support artists and development of art in general. But in any of these options there is, more than certainly, a plentiful cultural harvest in the future. Not aiming at a comprehensive consideration of the problem of collecting works of contemporary art in Ukraine, the article is designed in the mode of essay to present the main, most significant phenomena in the Ukrainian museum. They are aimed, firstly, at the actual fixation of artistic phenomena by collecting artistic artifacts, a holistic view of the emergence of modern Ukrainian art in the variety of its visual ideas, creative directions, “visual” and “mental” preferences and artistic positions, and thirdly, to establish a factual basis for understanding the phenomenon of art history of Ukrainian art of the 20th–21st centuries in the context of the global art movement.
Greenequality - Determination of Socio-Spatial Urban Landscape Typology
Authors: Golubić Stjepko , Bojanić Obad Šćitaroci Bojana
Published: December 2018

This paper explores the history of limitations in use and accessibility of city landscapes. Case study analysis covers six examples of parks and
residential square gardens. Mutual comparison offers a new socio-spatial urban landscape typology, which precedes the selection of models of rehabilitation for city landscapes. The results show that designed landscapes are used not only to mitigate, but also to intensify
socio-spatial inequality.
Caracterização dos sistemas produtivos e dos produtores de leite da região lago de Tucuruí, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Cunha Alexandre , Rufino Luana Marta de Almeida , Leite Rômulo Cerqueira , Silva Marcos Xavier , Salvarani Felipe Masiero
Published: December 2018

The State of Pará (PA) is the second largest milk producer in the North Region of Brazil, being of great importance for regional family agriculture. The objective of this study was to characterize the milk production systems and the socioeconomic profile of the producers of the Lake Region of Tucuruí, PA. A quantitative study was carried out, based on the application of questionnaires to 66 producers, between June and September 2015, whose data were evaluated by means of descriptive statistics. The results indicated that most of the production systems are extensive, based on the use of pasture as the main nutritional resource. The evaluated producers had low level of schooling, technical assistance is scarce and there is little use of technologies for the prevention of animal diseases.
Isolamento de Aspergillus spp. e Nocardia sp. em processo inflamatório da glândula mamária de bovino leiteiro
Authors: Ulsenheimer Bruna , Dalla Rosa Silvana Konageski , Caduri Tatiana Melina , Viana Martins Luciane Ribeiro
Published: December 2018

The mastitis is one of the main problems faced in dairy farming, it is characterized by inflammation of the mammary gland, with etiology of bacterial, fungal and viral origin among others. The present study aimed to report the occurrence of a case of bovine mastitis caused by Aspergillus spp. and Nocardia sp, in a co-infection in the Northwest region of Rio Grande do Sul. The milk sample was analyzed in the laboratory of Unijuí Veterinary Microbiology seeded in 5% sheep blood agar and McConkey agar. In the visual analysis of the fungus, the growth of a white, velvety-looking colony with approximately 2 cm in diameter and with its obverse of greenish coloration was observed, under microscopic examination, branched and septate hyphae, vesicle, phalidus and conidia, compatible with aspergillary characteristics, characterizing the isolation of Aspergillus spp. In the same sample, the presence of small colonies, with a smooth appearance, white-opaque staining and firmly attached to the agar, with the following characteristics, gram-positive, filamentous and branched colonies, with predominance of bacillary formats, were observed visually. identification of the genus Nocardia sp. From this case in this region, it is possible to emphasize the great importance of identifying the causative agent of mastitis, since mastitis caused by fungi, such as Aspergillus spp., Concomitantly with bacteria of the genus Nocardia sp., Although they are low several economic losses, due to the decrease in the quantity and quality of the milk produced.
POLARYZACJA GRUPOWA W WARUNKACH DEBATY DELIBERATYWNEJ
Authors: Wesołowska Elżbieta
Published: December 2018

In social psychology the group polarization refers to the tendency for groups to make decisionsthat are more extreme than the initial inclinations of its members. This phenomenon constitutesa potential obstacle to positive outcomes attributed to deliberative debates. A deliberative debateis a particular kind of a group discussion tasked with fi nding group consensus on controversialissues. The idea of deliberation originates from the writings of John Rawls, Jürgen Habermas, AmyGutmann and Denis Thompson. Deliberative debate imposes numerous normative requirementson the communication, relationships among the disputants and their approach to the issue underdiscussion. These normative requirements make a big difference between deliberative debates andthe situations in which the phenomenon of polarization was observed. Thus, we presume that indeliberative debates conditions the phenomenon of group polarization may be limited.The paper investigates the following questions: would the normative conditions of deliberationlimit the occurrence of polarization in discussing groups? and What infl uence (if any) would thepolarization process have on the quality of group decision? In the light of the empirical data we concluded what follows: (1) In 50% of the analyzed casesof group discussion the phenomenon of group polarization was observed despite the normativeconditions of deliberation. (2) The occurrence of group polarization in some cases coincided withmaking the fi nal decisions which did not alter the initial preferences of the disputants (but did nottotally predestinated the fi nal outcome).
PROBLEM WZMOCNIENIA ELEMENTU POLSKIEGO NA PÓŁNOCNO-WSCHODNICH ZIEMIACH II RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ POLSKIEJ (ZACHODNIEJ BIAŁORUSI)
Authors: SILWANOWICZ Stanisław , SITKIEWICZ Siergiej
Published: December 2018

Politics of strengthening Polish element in the north-eastern states was successful in respectof the Catholic population. Sense of national identity and patriotism of local Poles purposefullyhad been raised by school, the army, the media and propaganda, church, political, social andyouth organizations. Even the fact of liring in the Polish State had contributed of patriotism andconsciousness. In the interwar period political, cultural and mental consolidation of Poles on theBelarusian-Lithuanian lands and in Poland was stopped. The Polish state could not bring nonPolishpopulation in the interwar period over to their point of vien Policy of various restrictionsand prohibitions, ineffective economic actions of Polish government that didr’t achiere a significantimprovement in the economic life of the Belarusians and Jews could not make them feel like thePoles and even increase an anti-Polish and Pro-Soviet sentiments.
LE REGOLE DELLA NAVIGAZIONE. LA RESPONSABILITÀ DELL’ARMATORE NELL’ETÀ DEI SEVERI
Authors: Casola Maria
Published: December 2018

In the famous passage of D. 4.9.3.1, Ulpiano reported and commented on the headingpraetorium of the Edict that regulated the failure to return things entrusted to nautae, cauponesand stabularii. He highlighted the issue of the scope of the action honorary ex recepto respect tocivil actions (locati-conducti), to assure the integrity of the thing received in the case of maritimetransport. The same Ulpiano, continuing, recalled an innovation proposal and obtained in theAugustan age by Labeo, which consists of a exceptio in factum, such as to relieve the shipownerfrom the risk of deterioration of the thing in case of naufragium and vis piratarum.The ‘readings’ of the passage have been numerous and often divergent. This seems to justifya review, which, based on abundant and perspicuous readings that interpreters of the text haveprovided, intended to further deepen the fragment D. 4.9.3.1, both in its content (initial andsuccessive, until Justinian) as the inside thoughts and work of Ulpiano.
PRZESTĘPSTWO PORWANIA LUB PRZETRZYMYWANIA DLA OKUPU W PRAWIE KANONICZNYM KOŚCIOŁA KATOLICKIEGO OBRZĄDKU ŁACIŃSKIEGO
Authors: Arent Olga
Published: December 2018

Subject of this article is the legal research on actions of kidnapping or hostage- keeping forransom, and in return release of the hostages. Likewise in polish criminal law and other penal lawsystems, also in catholic canon law this is a crime. The main point of the article is to illustrate the evolution of law regulations on these crimes, as well as dogmatic and legal analysis of can. 1370 and can. 1397 Code of Canon Law (CIC) from theyear 1983, which are related to it. The article also relates to notification problem and expirationof prosecution.
O KONSEKWENCJACH NIEPRZESTRZEGANIA ETYKI DZIENNIKARSKIEJ W DOBIE NOWYCH MEDIÓW
Authors: OJCEWICZ Dominika Agata
Published: December 2018

People have been bound by ethical codes for centuries. Taking into consideration the importanceand function of the journalistic profession, no one is surprised at the fact that codes adheringdirectly to journalists are being established nowadays and creating codes within a single editorialteam becomes a common practice. Breaking those codes usually results in specific consequences,many of which are not known to the interested parties. In the new media era many journalistsrun their accounts on social networking websites and the fact that they publish content therecan become a source of contention. No one is entirely sure how far the journalists’ bosses can goin serving their justice and how they should react to certain behaviours of their workers. Thereare some fully justified cases when journalists were fired from their positions for a single entrypublished on their blogs. There are also situations in which bosses felt insulted solely by opinionsdifferent from their own. The most important notion here in the ethical sense is to follow the widelyaccepted value systems and to care about someone else’s well-being more than your own.
PRAWNE ASPEKTY INTEGRACJI IMIGRANTÓW W UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ W KONTEKŚCIE WIELOKULTUROWOŚCI
Authors: Wojnicz Piotr
Published: December 2018

The phenomenon of migration is accompanied by rapid and profound changes that graduallyshape the present period of history. The phenomenon of migration is a very intensive process,which state authorities are forced to conform to specific regulations. Globalisation has affectedthe shape and extent of the migration of the population. The effect of globalization has becomea phenomenon revive ethnic and cross-cultural migrations. Religious and cultural changes takingplace on the European continent, and caused the migration of the population, are comparable tothose which were the result of the Reformation in the sixteenth century. Currently, a large partof immigrants come from such different cultures that their integration in European society isextremely difficult. Europeans contact with people from other cultures causes interesting effects onthe border law enforcement and preserving traditions inherited from their ancestors. The ideologyof multiculturalism has suffered a crisis in many EU countries. Therefore, the EU legislator isforced to develop a new perspective on the integration process of migrants. The right to familyreunification is an essential element of this process.It should be noted that a well-designed and effectively complied with the law in this areacan contribute to the effective elimination of pathologies that are often an expression of overinterpretationof old tribal customs.
WIARA A INNE TYPY POZNANIA
Authors: SIEŃKOWSK Marcin
Published: December 2018

The characteristics of the knowledge of God through the religion faith is consequence of subject– that one’s overtopped the epistemic powers of human – which is accessible merely in that way.The aim of Belief is supernatural and it consists in union with God through getting to know hisnature. The method of the religious faith is an engagement of the intellect and a will the recognisedsubject. The religious faith is a different cognition toward other types of knowledge. It is also thecognition which assumes a former natural acquired knowledge. A leap of faith in that what wasdeemed for truth needs activities of intellect.
WYKLUCZENIE SPOŁECZNE W KONTEKŚCIE UBÓSTWA I BEZDOMNOŚCI
Authors: Nogowski Jacek Marek
Published: December 2018

The social exclusion is impossibilities determined in categories of participating in relevantaspects of the, economic, political social life and the cultural given society. The poverty is beingrelated to persons, families or groups of people, of which resources (financial, cultural andsocial) they are limited in such a step, that the level of their life is lowering beyond the acceptedminimum in the country of residence. A homelessness is both a cause and effect of other states ofthe poverty, lack of motivation, rejecting moral norms, lack of the ability, too pathological havingsocially recognised features. A poverty and a homelessness are one of social important issues ofcontemporary world which requires preventive concrete actions preventing of coming into existenceof this phenomenon in order not to lead to the social exclusion.
WPŁYW NOWYCH MEDIÓW NA OTAKU JAKO SUBKULTURĘ I SPOŁECZNOŚĆ FANOWSKĄ. ANALIZA NA PRZYKŁADZIE FACEBOOKA
Authors: Rybacka Aleksandra
Published: December 2018

In this paper the author focuses mainly on the impact of new media on young people – membersof subcultures and fan communities. The first part is about the general phenomenon of new media,what includes convergence culture and remix culture. Second part contains information aboutpopculture and its creations – subcultures and fan communities. The author explains here whyotaku are a subculture. Third part is about the impact of new media on otaku what is analyzedon Facebook example.
THE “SUN AND ADVENTURE” PROJECT – A CHANCE TO BUILD QUALITY OF LIFE IN CHILDREN CANCER SURVIVORS
Authors: LIS-KUJAWSKI Andrzej , ANTOSZEWSKA Beata , KUJAWSKA-LIS Ewa
Published: December 2018

This paper aims at presenting the results of research carried out during the “Sun and Adventure”project dedicated for children – cancer survivors. The research focused on sociotherapeutic andpsychosocial benefits for the Project’s participants. The methods involved questionnaire technique:a slightly modified Polish adaptation of QOLCE (Health-Related Quality of Life in ChildhoodEpilepsy) and the Polish adaptation of Spielberger’s state-trait anxiety questionnaire in the versiondedicated to children STAI – C. The results were complemented by interviews carried out with theparticipants during the camp organized within the Project framework. Participation in the Projectinfluenced the quality of life of the cancer survivors, although to a lesser extent than it might havebeen expected. The obtained results are relatively minor due to the high initial quality of life levelof the participants. Nevertheless, participation in this program may contribute to positive changesin the functioning of cancer survivors.In the view of future editions of the Project, it is necessary to implement more preciseinclusion criteria to maximize the effects of potential positive changes. It appears that such criteriaas good health condition and desire to participate in the Project are insufficient to optimallyselect the participants. Inviting children to participate in the “Sun and Adventure” Project (andsimilar initiatives aiming at improving quality of life) should be also based on evaluation of thefamily environment and the financial situation of the participant, as well as the psychologicalconsequences of cancer treatment (for example, anxiety, depression, difficulties with groupadaptation). Implications for cancer survivors are following: organized and structured campsinvolving physical activity and psychological assistance are profitable for young cancer survivorswhose social development has been affected by their illness and treatment.
WPŁYW NOWYCH MEDIÓW NA EWOLUCJĘ LITERATURY FAKTU. ANALIZA REPORTAŻU MULTIMEDIALNEGO JACKA HUGO-BADERA BOSKIE ŚWIATŁO
Authors: BUCZEK Paulina
Published: December 2018

New media becomes more and more popular. Its existence and constant development donot stay indifferent to traditional forms of non-fiction literature. The distinct example of thisphenomenon is creation of a multimedia reportage. It is a combination of the classic journalistictext and elements such as: pictures, sounds, films, animations and visualizations. A typical qualityof multimedia reportage is interactivity. This paper contains analysis of one of the first Polishexamples of the new kind of reportage – Boskie Światło by Jacek Hugo-Bader. In the presentedpaper all new media tools used by the reporter and effect of this usage are described. Followingthis – the influence of new media on non-fiction literature evolution is depicted. The multimediareportage is a completely new creation, so no specific literature about this genre has been writtenyet. To prove its otherness, it is compared with a classic form of the reportage.
PROCESY TWORZENIA GMINNEGO ZASOBU NIERUCHOMOŚCI
Authors: RADZIŁOWICZ Marcin
Published: December 2018

The key issue is indicating a method of establishing municipal real estate resources. This willgive an answer to how a municipality self government becomes the owner or perpetual lessee ofa real estate. Real estates become a part of municipal real estate resources mainly as a result ofexecution of communalization regulations. Furthermore, the resources become larger due to theexecution of the pre-emption right, by acquisitive prescription, statutory inheritance or transfer ofa property. Due to the fact that every local self government unit has its own real estate resources,processes of establishing these are of crucial importance.
ŻYCIE CODZIENNE WE WSPOMNIENIACH EŁCZAN
Authors: Romanowska Teresa
Published: December 2018

The article presents a description of Elk after World War 2, seen from a perspective ofindividuals. The pictures of the town are based on the memories of 15 people, who live in Elknowadays. The selection of respondents was targeted. The group is differentiated in the categories:age and place of origin. Among the interviewees there are people, who were living in Elk and thenearby areas before World War 2, also those who moved there after the war from Vilnius Region,Republic of Lithuania, nearby areas of Grodno (Hrodna) and Nowogrod, Suwalki Region, Regionof Kurpie, surrounding areas of Grajewo and Szczuczyn, and finally those who were born afterWorld War 2 in Elk and in other places. The respondents see Elk differently, because they havebeen living there during various historical periods, however their individual perceptions andmemories were taken into consideration. The following questions have been asked: what typesof accommodation were Elk citizens living after World War 2, how they perceived their city indifferent historical periods, what were they doing for living, how looked their cultural life, whatwere their social relations? Data analysis, based on the interviews, answers above questions andpresents subjective picture of everyday live. The article presents many aspects of life common forpeople from various social backgrounds
O KONSTRUOWANIU WIZUALNOŚCI JAKO INTEGRALNYM ELEMENCIE POLSKIEJ REKLAMY PRASOWEJ
Authors: MYŚLAK Agata Dominika
Published: December 2018

In the article the author adresses the issue of visuality of press advertisement by adhering tosuch elements as logotype, colour palette, photography and typeface. The author argues that allthose elements should cooperate and guarantee the achievement of a desired effect, including theaesthetic one. In the author’s judgement, the message sent by the advertisement is more powerfulwhen its creators use their knowledge of the psychology of perception. It turns out that in today’spress advertisements two techniques (recommendation and demonstration) are most commonlyused alongside simple advertising patterns. The colour palette is quite limited and the designershighlight the contrasting combinations, which may be come as a result of the authors’ reliance onthe proven solutions. When it comes to the language of the advertisements, neologisms occur rarelyas the audience answers better to clichés.