bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O caderno escolar como objeto de estudo: uma aproximação dos avanços metodológicos em manualística
Authors: Mahamud Kira , Badanelli Ana Maria
Published: March 2018

O artigo aborda questões em torno dos contextos de transmissão e recepção dos conteúdos dos livros didáticos, tendo como objeto de estudo o caderno escolar. O recorte temporal delimita-se entre 1930 e 1950, no contexto espanhol. Considerando que a mensagem do livro se aproxima daquilo que se queria ensinar em um determinado momento histórico, o grande desafio é perceber como os receptores, ou seja, os alunos, receberam a mensagem contida no livro. Para isso utiliza o caderno escolar como fonte e extensão dos livros didáticos para se aproximar das representações feitas por eles. A pesquisa analisa os diários de classes, também chamados de cadernos rotativos, cadernos individuais e cadernos de deveres, e conclui que não basta considerar o livro didático como instrumento de conteúdos, mas conectar outras fontes para se adentrar na produção escolar real.
Manuais escolares, formação de professores e concepção clássica de modernidade: as “Noções de História da Educação” de Afrânio Peixoto no Brasil na década de 1930
Authors: Duarte Bruna Aparecida Rodrigues , Gatti Júnior Décio
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho comunica os resultados de investigação na área de Educação, na subárea de História da Educação, com temática vinculada à História Disciplinar cujo objeto privilegiado foi um importante manual escolar destinado à formação de professores, sob o título “Noções de História da Educação” redigido por Afrânio Peixoto, publicado em 1933, pela destacada Companhia Editora Nacional. Os combates travados no Brasil republicano, entre uma concepção de mundo liberal e outra católica ganhou centralidade em termos culturais e no âmbito educacional, sobretudo, desde a década de 1920, com forte impacto no campo legislativo, educacional e na veiculação de manuais escolares destinados à formação de professores. Neste sentido, a capacidade editorial de ambos espectros ideológicos, com vistas à veiculação em instituições escolares destinadas à formação de professores, em especial, desde a década de 1930, resultou na convivência no mercado editorial brasileiro de manuais escolares antagônicos em termos ideológicos que eram empregados em instituições escolares de instâncias promotoras do ensino também diferenciadas, em especial, estatais e católicas. O estudo detido do manual redigido pelo médico de formação Afrânio Peixoto (1876-1947) permitiu conhecer aspectos importantes do processo de renovação da educação brasileira, a partir da dimensão laica e do cientificismo presentes em sua escrita e da defesa de um papel ativo do Estado na educação escolar, que deveria ser obrigatória e gratuita, o que deixa transparecer uma aproximação com a nomeada concepção clássica de Modernidade.
Desigualdades no estado do Rio Grande do Sul: análise de indicadores sociais e educacionais
Authors: Guindani Evandro Ricardo , Guindani Yáscara Michele Neves Koga , Nascimento Sandro Ben Hur Gonçalves do
Published: March 2018

O presente artigo busca contribuir com investigações acerca da realidade socioeconômica e a sua influência no contexto educacional. A problemática deste estudo se fundamenta numa análise entre os indicadores educacionais e indicadores socioeconômicos e evidencia que há uma relação diretamente proporcional entre uma dimensão e outra. A referida análise dos dados busca comparar os municípios situados na fronteira e aqueles situados na região central e serrana do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A metodologia utilizada foi de coleta e análise de dados a partir de fontes oficiais tais como o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE (2013) e o Instituto Nacional de pesquisas em Educação Anísio Teixeira – INEP (MEC, 2013). A análise foi realizada a partir dos conceitos de capital cultural, configurações familiares, educação e desenvolvimento econômico. Os resultados demonstram que há uma intrínseca relação entre indicadores sociais e educacionais bem como uma clara disparidade entre a fronteira e região central do Estado. O desafio que se coloca é a urgente necessidade de políticas públicas que venham promover uma igualitária distribuição de renda, bem como um justo e equitativo desenvolvimento socioeconômico entre as regiões do Estado.
Efektifitas Pemberian Ramuan Jahe (Zingibers officinale) dan Teh Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa) terhadap Perubahan Intensitas Nyeri Haid
Authors: Ramli Nurlaili , Santy Putri
Published: March 2018

As many as 72% of women reported experiencing Dysmenorrhea, 38% require treatment, 15% of them had to leave school or work during menstruation. In nonpharmacologic giving herbs may help reduce menstrual pain. Plants that can reduce pain is Zingibers Rosc Officinale, rhizome sections to function as an analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory. Rosella can also reduce pain and inflammation at the time of dysmenorrhea. This study aims to determine the differences in the level of pain on a group of teens who received the herb ginger and groups of teenagers given Rosella tea. The study design is a quasi-experiment with pretest-posttest design nonrandomized, do start. The sample is a student of midwifery experience dysmenorrhea amounted to 177 people, 57 groups, and 60 people ginger herb Rosella tea group and the control group of 60 people. The study began in May 2015. Research and herb ginger tea separately Rosella very effective in reducing menstrual pain intensity at 24.48 and 72 hours, but there is no difference in the pain scale before and after getting the herb ginger and Rosella tea. Conclusions and Recommendations: There is no difference between the herb ginger pain scale and Rosella tea before and after treatment. It is recommended that health workers can provide health education to adolescents by using herbs to reduce menstrual pain. Keywords:   Dysmenorrhea, ginger herb, tea Rosella Sebanyak 72% wanita dilaporkan mengalami dismenorhea, 38% memerlukan pengobatan, 15 % diantaranya harus meninggalkan sekolah atau pekerjaan selama menstruasi. Secara nonfarmakologis pemberian rempah-rempah dapat membantu mengurangi nyeri haid. Tanaman yang dapat mengurangi nyeri adalah Zingibers Officinale Rosc, bagian rimpangnya berfungsi sebagai analgesik, antipiretik dan anti inflamasi. Rosella juga dapat mengurangi nyeri dan inflamasi pada saat dismenore. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat nyeri pada kelompok remaja yang mendapatkan ramuan jahe dan kelompok remaja yang diberikan teh rosella. Desain penelitian merupakan quasi experiment dengan rancangan nonrandomized pretest-postest.. Sampel adalah mahasiswi jurusan kebidanan yang mengalami dismenore  berjumlah 177 orang, 57 orang kelompok ramuan jahe dan 60 orang kelompok teh rosella dan 60 orang kelompok kontrol. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Mei - September 2015. Hasil Penelitian Ramuan jahe dan teh rosella secara terpisah sangat efektif dalam menurunkan intensitas nyeri haid pada 24,48 dan 72 jam, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan skala nyeri sebelum dan sesudah mendapatkan ramuan jahe dan teh rosella. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Tidak terdapat perbedaan skala nyeri antara ramuan jahe dan teh rosella sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Disarankan agar tenaga kesehatan dapat memberikan pendidikan kesehatan kepada remaja dengan menggunakan ramuan herbal untuk mengurangi nyeri haid.Kata kunci: Dismenorhea, ramuan jahe, teh rosella
PETA KETAHANAN DAN KERENTANAN PANGAN PROVINSI GORONTALO TAHUN 2015
Authors: Akuba Rusthamrin H. , Mutsyahidan Arif Murtaqi Akhmad
Published: March 2018

Ketahanan dan kerentanan pangan menjadi tantangan yang besar bagi pembangunan di Provinsi Gorontalo seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk, persentase penduduk miskin yang masih tinggi, angka pengangguran terbuka sebesar 4,18% sedangkan di tingkat nasional sebesar 5,81% pada Februari 2015. Selain itu, infrastruktur yang mempengaruhi keterjangkauan pangan belum merata di seluruh daerah. Hal ini mempengaruhi tingkat ketersediaan dan keterjangkauan pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memetakan daerah-daerah yang rawan dan rentan pangan di Provinsi Gorontalo. Metode survei dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data sekunder dari 5 kabupaten dan kota di Provinsi Gorontalo. Peta komposit kerawanan pangan dihasilkan dari kombinasi semua indikator kerawanan pangan kronis dengan menggunakan pembobotan berdasarkan Principal Component Analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa urutan prioritas kabupaten/kota dalam penanganan ketahanan dan kerentanan pangan yaitu (1) Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara; (2) Kabupaten Pohuwato; (3) Kabupaten Gorontalo; (4) Kabupaten Boalemo; (5) Kabupaten Bone Bolango; dan (6) Kota Gorontalo.
PERABIAKAN ALGORITMA SUHU PERMUKAAN LAUT LANDSAT 8 UNTUK PERAIRAN PONELO
Authors: Wumu Romansah , Staddal Iqrimha , Antu Evi Sunarti , Liputo Burhan , Darise Farid
Published: March 2018

Suhu permukaan laut (SPL) merupakan salah satu parameter yang mempengaruhi kehidupan biota laut. Landsat menyediakan data suhu permukaan bumi sejak tahun 1978. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada pebraikan algoritma Brightness Temperature (BT) pada band 10 dan 11 data Landsat 8 (L8) menjadi Suhu Permukaan Laut (SPL) untuk perairan Ponelo dengan metode regresi. Regresi yang diperoleh diuji menggunakan metode R-squared (R 2 ) dan Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Berdasarkan hasil pengambilan data dan analisis data L8 pada tanggal 21 Mei 2017 diperoleh algoritma polinomial 2 merupakan algoritma terbaik dengan dengan koefisien a 0 , a 1 , dan a 2 secara berturut turut 3568.14, 329.64, dan -7.55 (R 2 = 0.86 dan RMSE = 0.73).
ANALISIS DINAMIKA KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Amalia Nurisqi , Nurpita Anisa
Published: March 2018

East Java province has the largest rice field in Indonesia. East Java can contribute to improving economic growth and reducing poverty. Farmers Exchange Rate (NTP) is one indicator determinant of farmers welfare. NTP is formed from a price index related to inflation, where inflation is also formed from a price change. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of farmer’s welfare in East Java Province observed through quarterly data from 2006 quarter 2 to 2015 quarter 4 with the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Method. The results of this study indicate that inflation has the largest proportion and long-term impact in affecting NTP. The interest rate is a variable that affects the NTP with a considerable proportion when compared with the GRDP. Just like inflation, credit interest rates (IR) affect NTP in the long run. Meanwhile, PDRB is the only variable affecting NTP in the short term.
Komputasi Tingkat Kesehatan Instalasi Listrik pada Gedung
Authors: Atabiq Fauzun , Suyanto Yohanes
Published: March 2018

Kesehatan instalasi listrik gedung adalah kondisi mengenai baik buruknya integritas instalasi listrik sistem instalasi listrik pada suatu gedung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan sebuah teknik evaluasi kesehatan instalasi listrik untuk menentukan tingkat kesehatan instalasi listrik pada sebuah gedung/bangunan. Sebuah sistem komputasi kesehatan instalasi listrik telah dimodelkan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat kesehatan instalasi kelistrikan pada sebuah gedung berdasarkan parameter-parameter instalasi. Dengan melakukan ekivalen analisis terhadap beberapa parameter instalasi seperti; usia instalasi, pembebanan circuit breaker, pembebanan pada kabel, ketidakimbangan beban instalasi dan temperatur pada panel di setiap panel instalasi listrik yang ada pada gedung, kondisi kesehatan instalasi listrik sebuah gedung dapat ditentukan. Dari implementasi yang dilakukan pada instalasi listrik Gedung S2/S3 FMIPA UGM pada bulan Maret - April 2016, hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa tingkat kesehatan instalasi listrik Gedung S2/S3 FMIPA UGM secara keseluruhan adalah di atas 7.0, atau secara garis besar menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kesehatan instalasi listrik pada gedung tersebut adalah baik.
Pemetaan Daerah Rawan Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Pulau Batam
Authors: Roziqin Arif , Hasdiyanti Fitri
Published: March 2018

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit karena virus yang disebarkan oleh nyamuk Aedes Aegypti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran daerah rawan penyakit DBD di Pulau Batam. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan memberikan atribut dan scoring berdasarkan parameter fisik yang dianggap menyebabkan penyakit DBD. Parameter DBD adalah curah hujan, kelembaban udara dan kepadatan penduduk yang berpengaruh langsung terhadap habitat perkembangan nyamuk Aedes Aegypti. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Kota Batam tahun 2015. Melalui tahapan scoring dan analisis data menghasilkan zona tingkat kerawanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pulau Batam termasuk daerah dengan tingkat kerawanan rendah. Informasi geospasial yang merupakan sebaran tingkat kerawanan penyakit demam berdarah di Pulau Batam disajikan dalam bentuk peta.
WISATA MINAT KHUSUS: ‘MENGUAK’ KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT JAWA KUNA MELALUI RELIEF CANDI
Authors: Lelono Hari
Published: March 2018

There are still some tourism potentials not yet entirely discovered to the public and to the tourists, specifically to the special interest type of these tourists. The potential object will be discussed on this paper relates to the cultural content which is carved over the temple’s walls through the decorative reliefs reflecting the reality or any information about the temple itself and its era. Through the reliefs, many information about the daily live of the ancient Javanese people are revealed. Besides that, the reliefs also describe the species variety of vegetation and animal, the clothes and its supporting ornaments as well as the story or fable which is containing of the original cultural values of Indonesia including the moral messages which give our nation an identity and integrity. The moral values or contents should be offered to the tourists so they could understand the original culture of Indonesia by not only enjoying the physical aspect of any objects (tangible) but more over the intangible aspect which gives a spirit into those objects.
PENEMUAN SEBUAH CANDI BATA DI DAERAH PANTURA JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Istari Rita
Published: March 2018

The discovery of Kayen Temple in Pati Regency adds the numbers of brick-made temples in Central Java. Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta conducted previously, a research in areas near Borobudur on assumption that these areas were the cultural and political center of ancient civilization and a fact that most temples are located near Borobudur Temple within 15 kilometers radius. Those temples were either made from andesites or bricks. Temples made from bricks are often discovered in small size, they show that bricks were one of popular building materials that used for temples other than andesites. Kayen Temple is considered as a rare discovery of brick-made temple in the Northern Coast of Central Java. Pati Regency profoundly known as destination for pilgrimage because of its Islamic Heritage also has many destination for Classic Hinduism Heritage
TEMUAN KERAMIK ASING HASIL PENELITIAN ARKEOLOGI DI SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Muhaeminah Muhaeminah
Published: March 2018

Ceramics was one of the artifacts which found in many areas in South Sulawesi that came from various dynasties aged from 12-20 M. From the research report in a number of archaeological sites in South Sulawesi, most of the ceramics found are a fragment and some of them are intact in the people’s house but it came from the wild digging. The existence of those ceramics shows that there’s a trading activity that involves ceramics as the commodity in that centuries.
SITUS WOTANNGARE-BOJONEGORO: NILAI PENTING DAN PENGEMBANGANNYA
Authors: Priswanto Hery
Published: March 2018

Wotanngare site is believed to be the former Kingdom of Malawapati (Mlawatan Site) as well as the palace of King Anglingdarma. By local community, King Anglingdarma is a legendary and heroic figure for Bojonegoro society. This is supported by the toponym, toponyms related to Anglingdarma such as Budhug Village, Tibong Land, Kedhung Gandhu, Pathak Kedhung Buto, and Mount Pegat. Based on the results of the research carried out Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta, Wotanngare Site in Bojonegoro regency is a settlement site Majapahit period. The archeological as well as the legend significance would be combined to contribute academically to the Bojonegoro community.
DARI “ARCA” KE ARJA: ADAPTASI “PANJI” DALAM PERTUNJUKAN ARJA DI BALI
Authors: Yuliadi Koes
Published: March 2018

Panji stories that were spread throughout Indonesia and Southeast Asia were not only known as old literature. Panji stories were also sculpted as the reliefs on temples in East Java. The existence of the text shows the historical facts that form the basis for the emergence of the Panji stories. Panji figure could be a manifestation of the life of kings in the past. The presence of papyrus, relief, and also stage performance that tell the story of Panji showed that there is a correlation among literature, relief, and performance, in the realm of art creation. Are Panji stories stay preserved as part of the development of art in Indonesia? Arja performances in Bali could describe how Panji stories can still be traced. Arja's performance used Panji stories as a source. Now Arja is existence can still be seen through its variety of plays. However, this does not make the panji story disappear in the Arja's performance. This issue will be addressed as a consequence of the adaptation of the revolving art. Not only in the present, but in the past a pattern of adaptation that can transpose works from different disciplines has already emerged. Panji stories can be known through papyrus, relief, and performances. Today it is still going without being recognized.
SEBUAH INFORMASI MUTAKHIR HASIL PENELITIAN TAHUN 2013 DI SITUS KEDATON PLERET, KABUPATEN BANTUL, D.I. YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Pratama Henki Riko , Priswanto Hery
Published: March 2018

Pleret is one sites that has the Islamic Mataram long way in archaeological research. Pleret existence can not be ignored in a civilization of the Islamic Mataram Period, which also has a parallel position with Kutagede, Kerto, Kartosuro, Surakarta and Yogyakarta. But the glory of pleret was not able to be seen as a whole, only a few partsthat can be met partially. The purpose of writing this article is one of the publications of the result of the research efforts that have been conducted Pleret Kedaton site by displaying the latest findings in the form of the remains of building that are considered part of the building Cepuri keben / ward Srimanganti.
ASTROLOGI SEBAGAI ILMU BANTU EPIGRAFI: SEBUAH PEMIKIRAN
Authors: Susantio Djulianto
Published: March 2018

Of the thousands of inscriptions, both stones and metals, there is only small number known as dated. Other parts are damaged, worn, or missing for various reasons. Generally, inscription contains elements of the date, month, and year in the Saka dates. With a particular method, Saka dates can be converted to AD dates. Even through the knowledge of astronomy, the element of hours can be interpreted. These four elements, namely the date, month, year, and hour are absolutely necessary in the analysis of astrology. Originally astrology is used to predict human life. However, with the development of science, it can also predict the non-human aspects, such as the important events in the history of the world. Through incisive analysis, knowledge of astronomy and astrology is very useful for epigraphy, although the time was far behind. There are several types of astrology it is commonly known, the West Astrology or Greek Astrology and East Astrology of India and China. Actually, almost all major civilizations in the world knew astrology. But among the many traditions, currently only popular Western Astrology, Chinese Astrology, Indian Astrology. Since a few years ago the West began to introduce Archaeology Metaphysics, one of them through the analysis of astrology.
TEMUAN BELIUNG DI KAWASAN DANAU: STUDI KASUS DI KAWASAN BEBERAPA RANU DI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Kasnowihardjo Gunadi
Published: March 2018

The stone adze, both rectangular adze or pick adze, is one of the  Neolithic tools’s characteristics. In the Asia-Pacific region, stone adze is contemporaneous with the spreading of Austronesian speakers. In East Java  province two types of stone tools were found in the lakes region, that assumed as a past settlement. Stone adzes found in the lakes region sites are  new data that can complement the data related to the distribution of stone adze in Java, particularly in East Java. Is it true that the findings of the stone adze has a connection with the humans that inhabitants the lake area? Based of these research questions, this research need to be conducted. To answer the research question, spatial archaeological approach issued and also a petrographic analysis of several stone adze samples and stone adze’s rocks material from these research need to be conducted.
HASIL PENELITIAN TERBARU: BENTUK DAN KARAKTER SITUS SEMARUM
Authors: Priswanto Hery
Published: March 2018

Ancient brick structures were found in 1990 in Semarum site in the regency of Trenggalek. Intensive research have been carried out since 2012 to 2014. Systematic excavation was conducted to disclose the form and character of the site. The Data collection research through excavation activities with qualitative research methods. The result showed that Semarum site is an ancient water reservoir made of brick measuring 24 m x 24 m. Absolute chronology determination is still in the process, while the relative date is estimated between the XI - XIII centuries AD or between Kadiri to Maj¬apahit period.
MODEL PERTAHANAN JEPANG DI KABUPATEN LUMAJANG DAN JEMBER, JAWA TIMUR: TIPOLOGI DAN ARAH SASARAN
Authors: Chawari Muhammad
Published: March 2018

This paper is based on research conducted by Yogyakarta Archaeological Center in 2013 with the theme of the Japanese Defense Facilities In The World War II in Lumajang and Jember. The research is an effort to disclose the typology of Japanese defense facilities well as their coverage in both locations. At both locations have been identified 43 objects from the era of Japanese occupation, consisted of bunker (40 objects), cave (2 objects), and water tank (1 object). Among them, 38 objects commanded the sea traffic, 4 objects commanded land routes, and 1 object is unknown.
STABILITAS STRUKTUR TANAH CANDI SUKUH: SAAT INI DAN MENDATANG
Authors: Soesilo Hendi
Published: March 2018

The research of soil structure stability at Sukuh Temple was carried out in order to seek the answer to geotechnical and geological issues of the temple’s environment. This National Heritage Site, which,was built around 14th century AD,has some environment disturbances caused by developing settlement area, tourism, and mining. Furthermore, theexistence of mining activity at the site as shown by the tunnels and caves in the underground of the Temple’s area, could makepotentiall triggers for landslide in the future of the temple. Considering the major influence of mining activity in the area of this site, the soil structure study is necessery for focusing to assess the threats caused by this mining activity in the Temple’s area. Geotechnical survey and geological survey condition have been done to collect data for this study. The survey were also been done for identifying other aspect such as earthquake in surrounding area of the Temple.Penelitian stabilitas struktur tanah Candi Sukuh dilaksanakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan geoteknik dan geologi lingkungan candi. Pada saat ini kawasan Candi Sukuh yang merupakan situs lingkungan benda cagar budaya peninggalan abad ke 14, telah mengalami gangguan ekosistem karena adanya perkembangan wilayah pemukiman, wisata, serta berbagai kepentingan masyarakat lainnya seperti penambangan Gol C yang meninggalkan sisa galian berupa lorong dan gua di dalam tanah, yang dapat memicu pergerakan tanah berupa longsoran. Oleh karena pertimbangan pelestarian maka dilaksanakan penelitian struktur tanah yang ada di kawasan Candi Sukuh, terutama mengenai kemungkinan akibat perubahan lingkungan dari kegiatan penambangan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melaksanakan survey terhadap kondisi geoteknik, geologi, dan kemungkinan pengaruh lain misalnya gempa, terhadap kawasan candi.
ARTEFAK PERUNGGU PRASEJARAH SITUS PASIR ANGIN BOGOR: HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN ASPEK SUMBER BAHAN
Authors: Prijono Sudarti
Published: March 2018

Pasir Angin site is located in the western part of Java Island kept many artifacts coming from metal materials bronze. Bronze at the site was found in context as a means or equipment worship ancestral spirits. The context also shows that Bronze at the time it was considered a luxury item, and community allegedly Pasir Angin was first exposed to goods of metal materials that are the result of high technology. On this site can not be found the remains of bronze production, so it alleged that no local production of bronze artifacts, but to come from surplus areas such objects and how spreading. Through metallographic analysis showed that bronze objects Pasir Angin site making techniques have similarities with the Dong Son bronze objects. In addition, there were traces of shipping and commercial activities that have ever taken place between the Chinese in this case with Indonesia Dong Son bronze objects strengthens the case originated from the region. Thus the site became Pasir Angin setrategis region that gave birth to early civilizations utilization of high technology. The findings of bronze objects on this site strengthens the case that Java has entered International network since the perundagian.Situs Pasir Angin yang terletak di Pulau Jawa bagian barat banyak menyimpan artefak berasal dari bahan logam perunggu.Perunggu di situs ini ditemukan dalam konteknya sebagai sarana atau perlengkapan pemujaan arwah leluhur.Konteks tersebut juga menunjukkan bahwaPerunggu pada pada masa itu dianggap sebagai barang mewah, dan diduga komunitas Pasir Angin pertama kalinya mengenal barang dari bahan logam yang merupakan hasil teknologi tinggi.Di situs ini tidak ditemukan sisa-sisa produksi perunggu, sehingga muncul dugaan bahwa artefak perunggu bukan produksi lokal melainkan di datangkan dari wilayah yang surplus benda tersebut dan bagaimana persebarannya.Melalui analisis metalografi dapat diketahui bahwa benda perunggu situs Pasir Angin mempunyai persamaan teknik pembuatan dengan benda perunggu Dong Son.Di samping itu adanya jejak-jejak pelayaran dan aktivitas perniagaan yang pernah berlangsung antara Cina dalam hal ini Dong Son dengan Indonesia memperkuat dugaan benda perunggu berasal dari wilayah tersebut.Dengan demikian situs Pasir Angin menjadi wilayah setrategis yang melahirkan peradaban awal pemanfaatan teknologi tinggi. Temuan benda perunggu di situs ini memperkuat dugaan bahwa wilayah Jawa telah masuk jaringan Internasional sejak masa perundagian.
RELIEF CANDI SEBAGAI MEDIA EFEKTIF UNTUK MENYAMPAIKAN INFORMASI MORAL-DIDAKTIF PADA MASA JAWA KUNA
Authors: Lelono Hari
Published: March 2018

The establishment of temple as sacred buildings of Shivaism/Buddhism in Ancient Javanese Period aimed to worship gods. Temples are, decorated by reliefs contain moraleducational message to support their aim. Stories or non stories depicted on the relief functioned as information/publication medium for adult as well as children. This article examines why relief was used in Hinduism-Buddhism Period to deliver moral-educational message to them. Methods used is observation on the relief stories carved on temples in Central and East Jav, analysis, and interpretation based on literature study.
PRIMATA BESAR DI JAWA: SPESIMEN BARU GIGANTOPITHECUS DARI SEMEDO
Authors: Noerwidi Sofwan
Published: March 2018

In 2014 there was found two "enigmatic" specimens of mandible, which named as Semedo 3417 and 3418. Both mandibles are morphologically similar but twice bigger than common primate’s jaw. In this research, we use morphology and morphometric analysis to determine the species identity and taxonomic position of those specimens. For comparison study we use some samples from Homo erectus (Java and China), Gigantopithecus (blacki and bilaspurensis), Australopithecines (robust and gracile). Based on morphology and morphometric characters on the mandible and teeth, it is concluded that Semedo specimen tends to be close to Gigantopithecus blacki. The discoveries of Gigantopithecus fossil in Java has implication on some research problem, especially regarding the adaptation pattern of this species which known only found at high latitudes environment. Furthermore this discovery has reinforced the perspective that tropical environment has a very high biodiversity, particularly on primate fossils.
RELASI SOSIAL BUDAYA ATA KROWE DAN GUNUNG MAPITARA
Authors: Taniardi Putri Novita
Published: March 2018

This paper discusses about a relation between Mount Mapitara and Ata Krowe. Mount Mapitara is a sacred mountain that has a special meaning for Ata Krowe. Ata Krowe is a name for Krowe people who lived in Krowe adat area in Kabupaten Sikka, East Nusa Tenggara on Flores Island. The question raised in this paper is: what is the meaning of Mount Mapitara for Ata Krowe and how does that meaning was symbolized by material culture among Ata Krowe. To answer these questions, the research has been conducted to explore the way material culture were being used as symbols that related to the existence of Mount Mapitara. This study is applying this study was applying theory of symbols which refer to Michael Shanks and Christopher Tilley’s theory of ideology, symbolic power, and ritual communication. This theory was applied to identifiy the use of material cultures as symbol in a certain place and to define the symbol that related to Mount Mapitara. The research result indicate that there is material culture named wu’a mahe that has special meaning for Ata Krowe. Wu’a mahe is a stone altar that believed as a place where the ancestor had lived, before they were getting purified and move into Mount Mapitara as a perpetual place to stay. This paper is focusing on the relation between Mount Mapitara and Ata Krowe that can be seen from the use of material culture as symbols.  Tulisan ini mendiskusikan tentang relasi antara gunung Mapitara dan Ata Krowe. Gunung Mapitara adalah gunung yang disakralkan dan memiliki makna penting bagi Ata Krowe. Ata Krowe adalah sebutan bagi orang-orang yang tinggal di wilayah adat Krowe di Kabupaten Sikka, Nusa Tenggara Timur di Pulau Flores. Pertanyaan yang dimunculkan dalam tulisan ini adalah apa makna Gunung Mapitara bagi Ata Krowe dan bagaimana pemaknaan tersebut disimbolkan dengan budaya materi yang ada pada Ata Krowe. Untuk menjawab pertanyaanpertanyaan tersebut, penelitian telah dilakukan untuk menggali informasi penggunaan budaya materi sebagai simbol yang berelasi dengan keberadaan Gunung Mapitara. Studi ini menerapkan teori simbol, merujuk teori yang digunakan oleh Michael Shanks dan Christopher Tilley: idelogi, kuasa simbolis, dan komunikasi ritual. Teori ini diterapkan untuk mengindentifikasi penggunaan budaya materi sebagai simbol yang ada pada tempat tertentu dan mendefinisikan simbol yang berelasi dengan Gunung Mapitara. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat budaya materi bernama wu’a mahe yang memiliki makna khusus bagi Ata Krowe. Wu’a mahe adalah altar batu yang dipercaya sebagai tempat tinggal arwah leluhur sebelum disucikan dan nantinya pindah ke Gunung Mapitara sebagai tempat tinggal abadinya. Secara khusus, tulisan ini menekankan pada relasi antara Gunung Mapitara dan Ata Krowe dengan memperhatikan penggunaan budaya materi sebagai simbol.
EKSPLOITASI FAUNA DI SITUS LIANGAN, TEMANGGUNG: KAJIAN ARKEOZOOLOGI
Authors: Noerwidi Sofwan
Published: March 2018

Liangan is a settlement site of Old Mataram in periodic of VI-X AD. Various aspects of ancient Javanese culture has been recovered from Liangan site, but has never been examined the relationship between human and fauna in the past. The study aims to determine the pattern of faunal exploitation through archaeozoological approach, which use ecofact (faunal bones and teeth) that were found in the 2016 excavation campaign. This study conducts qualitative analysis of morphological character of the bones and teeth. Archaeozoological study is covering biological aspects of fauna, and cultural aspects related to human activity. These aspects are including anatomical preservation condition, taphonomy (deposition process), taxonomy (species), age estimation and faunal diet pattern. In the result, mainly bones and teeth are identified as buffalo (Bubalus sp). Taphonomical preservation condition of buffalo bone indicating faunal exploitation for human consumption. The climatic condition of Sindoro highland which is not buffalo’s natural habitat indicates an intensive human intervention as domestication. This study shows that buffalo on Liangan site eat more leaves as browser which probably supplied by human.
An Algorithm Approach for the Analysis of Urban Land-Use/Cover: Logic Filters
Authors: KAYA Şinasi , PEKİN Fikret , ŞEKER Dursun Zafer , TANIK Ayşegül
Published: March 2018

Accurate classification of land-use/cover based on
remotely sensed data is important for interpreters who analyze time or
event-based change on certain areas. Any method that has user flexibility on
area selection provides great simplicity during analysis, since the analyzer
may need to work on a specific area of interest instead of dealing with the
entire remotely sensed data. The objectives of the paper are to develop an
automation algorithm using Matlab & Simulink on user selected areas, to
filter V-I-S (Vegetation, Impervious, Soil) components using the algorithm, to
analyze the components according to upper and lower threshold values based on
each band histogram, and finally to obtain land-use/cover map combining the
V-I-S components. LANDSAT 5TM satellite data covering Istanbul and Izmit
regions are utilized, and 4, 3, 2 (RGB) band combination is selected to fulfill
the aims of the study. These referred bands are normalized, and V-I-S
components of each band are determined. This methodology that uses Matlab &
Simulink program is equally successful like the unsupervised and supervised
methods. Practices with these methods that lead to qualitative and quantitative
assessments of selected urban areas will further provide important spatial
information and data especially to the urban planners and decision-makers.
Protein Expression Modifications in Phage-Resistant Mutants of Aeromonas salmonicida after AS-A Phage Treatment
Authors: Moreirinha Catarina , Osório Nádia , Pereira Carla , Simões Sara , Delgadillo Ivonne , Almeida Adelaide
Published: March 2018

The occurrence of infections by pathogenic bacteria is one of the main sources of financial loss for the aquaculture industry. This problem often cannot be solved with antibiotic treatment or vaccination. Phage therapy seems to be an alternative environmentally-friendly strategy to control infections. Recognizing the cellular modifications that bacteriophage therapy may cause to the host is essential in order to confirm microbial inactivation, while understanding the mechanisms that drive the development of phage-resistant strains. The aim of this work was to detect cellular modifications that occur after phage AS-A treatment in A. salmonicida, an important fish pathogen. Phage-resistant and susceptible cells were subjected to five successive streak-plating steps and analysed with infrared spectroscopy, a fast and powerful tool for cell study. The spectral differences of both populations were investigated and compared with a phage sensitivity profile, obtained through the spot test and efficiency of plating. Changes in protein associated peaks were found, and these results were corroborated by 1-D electrophoresis of intracellular proteins analysis and by phage sensitivity profiles. Phage AS-A treatment before the first streaking-plate step clearly affected the intracellular proteins expression levels of phage-resistant clones, altering the expression of distinct proteins during the subsequent five successive streak-plating steps, making these clones recover and be phenotypically more similar to the sensitive cells.
Thermal Analysis of Nanofluid Flow over a Curved Stretching Surface Suspended by Carbon Nanotubes with Internal Heat Generation
Authors: Saba Fitnat , Ahmed Naveed , Hussain Saqib , Khan Umar , Mohyud-Din Syed , Darus Maslina
Published: March 2018

We have investigated a two-dimensional radiative flow of a boundary layer nature. The fluid under consideration is carbon nanotube (CNT)-based nanofluid and it flows over a curved surface. The heat transfer through the flow is analyzed under the influence of internal heat generation. Water (base fluid) along with single or multi-walled carbon nanotubes is taken to compose the nanofluid. After introducing the suitable similarity variables, the consequent equations are reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The solution to the system is computed by using the shooting method accompanied by Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg algorithm. Various parameters, emerging in the governing equations, influences the flow and heat transfer distribution. These changes are captured and portrayed in the form of graphs. The changes in local rate of heat transfer and skin friction coefficient are also enlisted. To ensure the correctness of applied numerical scheme, the results are compared with some already existing studies.
CD117/c-kit in Cancer Stem Cell-Mediated Progression and Therapeutic Resistance
Authors: Foster Brittni , Zaidi Danish , Young Tyler , Mobley Mary , Kerr Bethany
Published: March 2018

Metastasis is the primary cause of cancer patient morbidity and mortality, but due to persisting gaps in our knowledge, it remains untreatable. Metastases often occur as patient tumors progress or recur after initial therapy. Tumor recurrence at the primary site may be driven by a cancer stem-like cell or tumor progenitor cell, while recurrence at a secondary site is driven by metastatic cancer stem cells or metastasis-initiating cells. Ongoing efforts are aimed at identifying and characterizing these stem-like cells driving recurrence and metastasis. One potential marker for the cancer stem-like cell subpopulation is CD117/c-kit, a tyrosine kinase receptor associated with cancer progression and normal stem cell maintenance. Further, activation of CD117 by its ligand stem cell factor (SCF; kit ligand) in the progenitor cell niche stimulates several signaling pathways driving proliferation, survival, and migration. This review examines evidence that the SCF/CD117 signaling axis may contribute to the control of cancer progression through the regulation of stemness and resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Accuracy of a Wrist-Worn Heart Rate Sensing Device during Elective Pediatric Surgical Procedures
Authors: Pelizzo Gloria , Guddo Anna , Puglisi Aurora , De Silvestri Annalisa , Comparato Calogero , Valenza Mario , Bordonaro Emanuele , Calcaterra Valeria
Published: March 2018

The reliability of wearable photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors to measure heart rate (HR) in hospitalized patients has only been demonstrated in adults. We evaluated the accuracy of HR monitoring with a personal fitness tracker (PFT) in children undergoing surgery. HR monitoring was performed using a wrist-worn PFT (Fitbit Charge HR) in 30 children (8.21 ± 3.09 years) undergoing laparoscopy (n = 8) or open surgery (n = 22). HR values were analyzed preoperatively and during surgery. The accuracy of HR recordings was compared with measurements recorded during continuous electrocardiographic (cECG) monitoring; HRs derived from continuous monitoring with pulse oximetry (SpO2R) were used as a positive control. PFT-derived HR values were in agreement with those recorded during cECG (r = 0.99) and SpO2R (r = 0.99) monitoring. PFT performance remained high in children < 8 years (r = 0.99), with a weight < 30 kg (r = 0.99) and when the HR was < 70 beats per minute (bpm) (r = 0.91) or > 140 bpm (r = 0.99). PFT accuracy was similar during laparoscopy and open surgery, as well as preoperatively and during the intervention (r > 0.9). PFT–derived HR showed excellent accuracy compared with HRs measured by cECG and SpO2R during pediatric surgical procedures. Further clinical evaluation is needed to define whether PFTs can be used in different health care settings.
Structure of the Basal Edge Dislocation in ZnO
Authors: Nakamura Atsutomo , Tochigi Eita , Nagahara Ryota , Furushima Yuho , Oshima Yu , Ikuhara Yuichi , Yokoi Tatsuya , Matsunaga Katsuyuki
Published: March 2018

Basal dislocations having a Burgers vector of 1/3<2 1 ¯ 1 ¯ 0> in zinc oxide (ZnO) with the wurtzite structure are known to strongly affect physical properties in bulk. However, the core structure of the basal dislocation remains unclear. In the present study, ZnO bicrystals with a {2 1 ¯ 1 ¯ 0}/<01 1 ¯ 0> 2° low-angle tilt grain boundary were fabricated by diffusion bonding. The resultant dislocation core structure was observed by using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) at an atomic resolution. It was found that a basal edge dislocation in α-type is dissociated into two partial dislocations on the (0001) plane with a separation distance of 1.5 nm, indicating the glide dissociation. The Burgers vectors of the two partial dislocations were 1/3<1 1 ¯ 00> and 1/3<10 1 ¯ 0>, and the stacking fault between the two partials on the (0001) plane has a formation energy of 0.14 J/m2. Although the bicrystals have a boundary plane of {2 1 ¯ 1 ¯ 0}, the boundary basal dislocations do not exhibit dissociation along the boundary plane, but along the (0001) plane perpendicular to the boundary plane. From DFT calculations, the stacking fault on the (0001) plane was found to be much more stable than that on {2 1 ¯ 1 ¯ 0}. Such an extremely low energy of the (0001) stacking fault can realize transverse dissociation of the basal dislocation of ZnO.
A Study of the Mixing Performance of Different Impeller Designs in Stirred Vessels Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Torotwa Ian , Ji Changying
Published: March 2018

Design and operation of mixing systems using agitated vessels is a difficult task due to the challenge of obtaining accurate information on impeller-induced turbulence. The use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) can provide detailed understanding of such systems. In this study, experimental tests and computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed to examine the flow characteristics of four impeller designs (anchor, saw-tooth, counter-flow and Rushton turbine), in achieving solution homogeneity. The impellers were used to mix potassium sulfate granules, from which values of electrical conductivity of the solution were measured and used to estimate the distribution pattern of dissolved solid concentrations within the vessel. CFD models were developed for similar mixing arrangement using commercial software, ANSYS Fluent 18.1 solver and the standard k-epsilon (ε) turbulence model. The Multiple Reference Frame (MRF) approach was used to simulate the impeller rotation. Velocity profiles generated from the simulations were in good agreement with the experimental predictions, as well as with results from previous studies. It was concluded that, through CFD analysis, detailed information can be obtained for optimal design of mixing apparatus. These findings are relevant in choosing the best mixing equipment and provides a basis for scaling up mixing operations in larger systems.
Evaluating Flight Crew Performance by a Bayesian Network Model
Authors: Chen Wei , Huang Shuping
Published: March 2018

Flight crew performance is of great significance in keeping flights safe and sound. When evaluating the crew performance, quantitative detailed behavior information may not be available. The present paper introduces the Bayesian Network to perform flight crew performance evaluation, which permits the utilization of multidisciplinary sources of objective and subjective information, despite sparse behavioral data. In this paper, the causal factors are selected based on the analysis of 484 aviation accidents caused by human factors. Then, a network termed Flight Crew Performance Model is constructed. The Delphi technique helps to gather subjective data as a supplement to objective data from accident reports. The conditional probabilities are elicited by the leaky noisy MAX model. Two ways of inference for the BN—probability prediction and probabilistic diagnosis are used and some interesting conclusions are drawn, which could provide data support to make interventions for human error management in aviation safety.
Distance Learning—Predictions and Possibilities
Authors: Traxler John
Published: March 2018

Education systems, educational institutions and educational professions, including those of distance learning, can often be inward-looking, backward-looking and self-referential, meaning that they are often fixated on their own concerns, values and processes. In many respects, this is necessary and valuable but the topic of challenges and future trends in distance learning is an opportunity to explore the place of distance learning in a wider world where cultures and ideologies clash, where education and employment are no longer stable and secure, where universities and colleges are under unprecedented pressures, where the technologies and trends of educational technology represent a crowded and chaotic space and where a critical examination of distance learning is necessary to underpin its methods and its mission. This paper addresses in essence three questions, firstly, is the distance learning community clear about the definition and purpose of its work, secondly, what are global political, economic and technological pressures on the institutions of higher education delivering distance learning, and thirdly, what do typical innovations and trends in educational technology signify for distance learning? These are linked questions and the answers constitute challenging predictions and possibilities. The nature of these questions means there are no simple answers only a more complete understanding of a fluid, partial and complex environment within which education, including distance learning, cannot operate in ignorance or isolation.
Using SoC Online Correction Method Based on Parameter Identification to Optimize the Operation Range of NI-MH Battery for Electric Boat
Authors: Meng Bumin , Wang Yaonan , Mao Jianxu , Liu Jianwen , Xu Guochang , Dai Jian
Published: March 2018

This paper discusses a design of a Battery Management System (BMS) solution for extending the life of Nickel-Metal Hydride (NI-MH) battery. Combined with application of electric boat, a State of Charge (SoC) optimal operation range control method based on high precision energy metering and online SoC correction is proposed. Firstly, a power metering scheme is introduced to reduce the original energy measurement error. Secondly, by establishing a model based parameter identification method and combining with Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) method, the estimation accuracy of SoC is guaranteed. Finally, SoC optimal operation range control method is presented to make battery running in the optimal range. After two years of operation, the battery managed by proposed method has much better status, compared to batteries that use AH integral method and fixed SoC operating range. Considering the SoC estimation of NI-MH battery is more difficult becausing special electrical characteristics, proposed method also would have a very good reference value for other types of battery management.