bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flexible pavement design for hot climates – a case study
Authors: Kuna Kranthi , Kelly Kieran
Published: December 2017

This paper discusses the application of best practice and lessons learnt in pavement design for hot climates through the presentation of a case study from a large highway project in the State of Qatar. The environmental conditions experienced in hot climates pose several challenges for engineers when designing a pavement capable of surviving its anticipated service life. The predominant challenge is developing realistic predictions of asphalt modulus as an input into analytical pavement design. There is also a challenge in ensuring that inputs into empirical designs reflect the local environment and the properties of materials used. This paper discusses how international design practice, knowledge and research of pavement materials were translated into design and, subsequently, construction. The process of developing and selecting design inputs for empirical and analytical design approaches is discussed. The paper also highlights the best practices associated with the design of pavements with a cement-stabilised base.
Towards Individualized Medicine: Insights Gained from Genomic Studies
Authors: Kirmani Salman , Babovic-Vuksanovic Dusica
Published: December 2017

Advances in the field of human genetics have made it possible to develop specific management and prevention strategies for rare genetic disorders, and tailor pharmacotherapeutic approaches to anticoagulation and certain cancers. The role that genetic variation plays in influencing the risk and outcome of the most common diseases are still unclear. Data from genome-wide association studies is just beginning to answer these questions. We review the role of genome-wide association studies in the quest towards individualized medicine, and examine the promises and challenges that lie ahead.
Red Blood Cell Storage Lesion
Authors: Kor Daryl J. , Van Buskirk Camille M , Gajic Ognjen
Published: December 2017

The past two decades have witnessed increased scrutiny regarding efficacy and risk of the once unquestioned therapy of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. Simultaneously, a variety of changes have been identified within the RBC and storage media during RBC preservation that are correlated with reduced tissue oxygenation and transfusion-associated adverse effects. These alterations are collectively termed the storage lesion and include extensive biochemical, biomechanical, and immunologic changes involving cells of diverse origin. Time-dependent falls is 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, intracellular RBC adenosine triphosphate, and nitric oxide have been shown to impact RBC deformability and delivery of oxygen to the end-organ. The accumulation of biologic response modifiers such as soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC), and Regulated on Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed and Secreted (RANTES) have been associated with altered recipient immune function as well. This review will address the alterations occurring within the RBC and storage media during RBC preservation and will address the potential clinical consequence thereof.
Extramedullary Intradural Spinal Tumors: a Review of Modern Diagnostic and Treatment Options and a Report of a Series
Authors: Arnautovic Kenan , Arnautovic Aska
Published: December 2017

Extramedullary intradural spinal tumors are rare. Less than 15% of all central nervous system (CNS) tumors are spinal. Ninety percent of these patients are older than 20 years. Most of spinal tumors are extradural (50-55%) whereas 40-45% are intradural. Furthermore, 5% are intramedullary and 40% are extramedullary. Most common are Schwannomas (29%), followed by meningiomas (25%) and gliomas (22%).These tumors produce pain syndroms, a variety of neurological symptoms- motor, sensory, sphincter or a combination of thereof. All spinal levels may be involved. The diagnostics includes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including contrast enhancement, computerizing tomography (CT) scanning (bone windows with reconstruction) and possibly CT myelograms. Preferred treatment is the microsurgical radical resection. Perioperative mortality is very low as is serious morbidity.We herein discuss various aspects of presenting symptomatology, diagnostics, preoperative planning and tactics, surgical treatment and complications. In addition, we include our own retrospective experience with 14 patients treated over the 5.5 years time interval.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Insights Gained from Clinical and Translational Research
Authors: Kojicic Marija , Festic Emir , Gajic Ognjen
Published: December 2017

Acute lung injury and its more severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are characterized by diffuse impairment of alveolocapillary membrane in the settings of different predisposing conditions such as sepsis, trauma and shock. Many intrahospital exposures, including aspiration, delayed resuscitation, high tidal volume mechanical ventilation and non critical use of transfusions may contribute or worsen ARDS. Therapy is targeted to treatment of predisposing condition, life supportive measures and prevention of nosocomial complications. Rigorous adherence to lung-protective mechanical ventilation is critical to prevent ventilator induced lung injury and decrease mortality. Although survival of ARDS patients has improved in the last decades ARDS mortality rates are still high and survivors encounter significant physical and psychological impairments
Relevance of Uric Acid in Progression of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Čaušević Adlija , Semiz Sabina , Macić-Džanković Amra , Cico Bakira , Dujić Tanja , Malenica Maja , Bego Tamer
Published: December 2017

Recent studies have introduced serum uric acid (UA) as a potential risk factor for developing diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and cardiovascular diseases. The value of elevated levels of UA in serum as a risk factor for diabetes development is still under scrutiny. Recent data suggest that clearance of UA is being reduced with increase in insulin resistance and UA as a marker of prediabetes period. However, conflicting data related to UA in serum of patients with Type 2 diabetes prompted us to study the urine/serum ratio of UA levels (USRUA) in these patients and healthy controls. All subjects included in the study were free of evidence of hepatitis B or C viral infection or active liver and kidney damage. Patients receiving drugs known to influence UA levels were also excluded from this study. Analysis of glucose and uric acid were performed on Dade Behring analyzer using standard IFCC protocols. Interestingly, our data demonstrated about 2.5 fold higher USRUA values in diabetic patients as compared to control subjects. Furthermore, there was a trend of correlation of USRUA value with the blood glucose levels in diabetic patients, which was more prominent in diabetic men than in women. With aging, levels of uric acid increased in serum of diabetic patients, and this effect was also more profound in male than in female diabetics. In conclusion, this study showed significantly elevated USRUA levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes, a negative USRUA correlation with the blood glucose levels in diabetic patients, and an effect of sex and age on the uric acid levels. Since literature data suggest a strong genetic effect on UA levels, it would be pertinent to perform further, possibly genetic studies, in order to clarify gender and ethnic differences in UA concentrations.
Influence of Donor Age on Renal Graft Function in First Seven Post Transplant Days
Authors: Imamović Semir , Ljuca Farid , Imamović Goran , Iljazagić-Halilović Fatima , Krdžalić Alisa , Hasukić Šefik , Mešić Dešo , Zerem Enver
Published: December 2017

Increasing gap between demand and availability of human kidneys for transplantation has forced a re-evaluation of the limits on donor age acceptability. The present study included 74 patients who underwent kidney transplantation in University Clinical Centre Tuzla. In an observational cohort study we assessed impact of donor age on post transplant renal function by analyzing following parameters: 24 hour urine output, creatinine clearance (Cr Cl) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Depending on donor age recipients were allocated in to two groups. Group I included patients who received renal graft from donors age up to 55 years, and Group II encountered recipients who received renal graft from donors older than 55 years. Our goal was to determine whether donor age over 55 years significantly diminishes renal graft function in first seven post transplant days. No statistically significant difference was found between Group I and II regarding 24 hour urine output. From second to fifth postoperative day creatinine clearance values were higher in the group of patients who received kidney from donors older than 55 years (47±19, 1 vs. 44, 4±20, 8). On the fifth, sixth and seventh post operative day GFR was significantly higher in patients who received renal graft from donors age up to 55 years (p<0, 0161). Our data showed no significant difference in observed variables between the two groups, thus indicating that utilization of renal grafts from donors’ age > 55 years is acceptable and may considerably expand the donor pool.
Atrial Fibrillation and Coronary Bypass Surgery – What Can Be Risk Factors for its' Appearance?
Authors: Štraus Slavenka , Kacila Mirsad , Omerbašić Edin , Mujičić Ermina
Published: December 2017

The main goal of our study was to evalúate possible perioperative risk factors for occurrence of atrial fibrillation in the postoperative period in patients after CABG operations. The study included 140 patients after CABG, divided into two groups - Group I - 64 patients with new onset of POAF and Group II - 76 patients without postoperative atrial fibrillation occurrence. In both groups possible risk factors for atrial fibrillation onset (preoperative and postoperative) were analyzed.Results showed that we can predict new onset of atrial fibrillation after CABG if the following preoperative factors are present - low ejection fraction (less than 40%), LAd > 40mm, higher body mass index (BMI over 30), presence of COPD and older age. Important perioperative factors for onset of atrial fibrillation in our study were longer extracorporeal circulation, increased dose/number of inotropic drugs, blood transfusion and elevated WBC count postoperatively.
Direct Double-Stranded DNA Quantitation from PCR Reactions v2
Authors: Van Dyke Michael
Published: December 2017

For convenience and for PCR products that are challenging to purify with high efficiency (e.g., chemically modified DNAs), it is often desirable to quantitate synthesized DNA directly from a PCR reaction. Here we describe the use of a high-sensitivity Quant-iT™ PicoGreen® dye-based fluorescence assay to quantitate PCR-synthesized, double-stranded, low molecular weight, 5’-modified DNA probes in the presence of single-stranded primers and deoxyribonucleotides.1
Platelet-rich plasma application in experimentally-induced skin wounds in animals: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis v1
Authors: Maria TAMBELLA Adolfo , Rita ATTILI Anna
Published: December 2017

Objective To determine whether the topical application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) promotes healing in experimentally-induced full-thickness skin wounds in animals, a systematic review and meta-analysis will be performed. Methods Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Research Gate, Cochrane Wounds Group, and Veterinary Information Network will be searched to identify randomised and not randomised controlled clinical trials comparing PRP with placebo or with other treatments in animals. Primary outcome: reduction of open wound area; secondary outcomes: healing time and number of healed cases. Effect sizes: Hedges’ g; odds ratio.
Studies on physico-chemical properties of shrikhand from buffalo milk blended with sweet corn milk
Authors: Mane Rekha , Padghan Prabhakar , Patil Sujata , Patil Ramesh
Published: December 2017

In this study, the attempt have been made to prepared shrikhand from blends of sweet corn milk and buffalo milk in different proportion and study the chemical composition shrikhand. On an average the moisture content of Shrikhand blended with sweet corn milk was found to be 32.5, 33.8, 34.3 and 35.9 per cent, fat 9.3, 8.4, 7.4 and 6.5 per cent, protein 9.14, 8.72, 8.33 and 7.74 per cent, ash 0.84, 0.73, 0.64 and 0.45 per cent, carbohydrate 60.3, 65.2, 70.3 and 74.5 per cent and total solids 66.57, 65.57, 64.87 and 63.5 per cent for treatment T0, T1, T2 and T3 respectively. It was also observed that as the blending of sweet corn milk increased, there was decreased in fat, protein, ash, total solids content of Shrikhand blended with sweet corn milk and increased in moisture and total sugar content.
An investigation on fermentative changes during the production of food bio-colours through solid state fermentation of broken rice by Monascus purpureus (MTCC 410)
Authors: Mhalaskar S. R. , Thorat S. S. , Deshmukh Y. R.
Published: December 2017

An attractive and stable colour is important in the marketability of foods and beverages. The utilization of broken rice as a by-product from agricultural farm can be of immense importance to convert relatively high-energy by-products into more useful and highly nutritious end product by use of microorganisms. In this respect the present investigation was aimed to address the fermentative changes in broken rice as a substrate during the production of food bio-colours through solid state fermentation by using Monascus purpureus (MTCC 410). The 7 days of SSF process was accompanied with the increase in the levels of protein, crude fat, crude fiber and ash content by values of 8.98% to 14.14%, 1.50% to 2.07%, 0.70% to 6.61% and 2.70% to 3.69% respectively while decrease in the level of carbohydrate by values of 74.32% to 27.71%, with lowering pH from 6.6 to 5.5. Present findings concluded that broken rice possesses good potentials for the bioconversion of the high energy organic materials into more useful and highly nutritious food bio-colours by Monascus purpureus (MTCC 410).
Biochemical characterization of fruit juice for impact of storage on commercial beverages
Authors: Sethy Sujata
Published: December 2017

The study was performed to evaluate the impact of storage time on safety and hygienic quality of commercial fruit beverage on the basis of market survey. Three most popular brands and three least popular brands of fruit beverages like squash and syrup were selected and stored for nine months at room temperature. The samples were subjected to chemical analysis for food colour, preservative (SO2), heavy metals (Pb and Cd), pectin and microbial analysis for bacteria, fungus, yeast and E. coli at bimonthly interval. Lead content in all the beverages and synthetic permitted food colours like sunset yellow 136.5 ppm in squash A and tartazine 133.2 ppm in squash B and 310.9 ppm in Syrup F was found which exceeded the permissible limit. Preservative (SO2) and cadmium content remained within the acceptable limit. Total bacterial and fungal count increased sharply with the advancement of storage particularly from 7th month onwards. Duration of storage had no effect on the colour and heavy metal content of the beverages.
Quality of cooked goat meat sausages incorporated with goat tripe
Authors: Anandh M. Anna
Published: December 2017

Cooked sausages from goat meat (GM) with 20, 25 and 30 % levels of goat tripe (GT) were prepared and their quality evaluated. Cooked sausages prepared with 100% GM were used as control. Significant (p>0.05) increase was observed for pH, diameter shrinkage, drip loss, protein and fat contents in GT incorporated cooked sausages than control. However, significant (p> 0.05) reverse trends were observed for product yield and moisture content. Sensory evaluation scores for appearance and colour, flavor, tenderness, juiciness, binding and overall acceptability were highest for 20% GT incorporated cooked sausage, followed by 25% and 30% GT incorporated cooked sausages. Physico - chemical and sensory evaluation scores of 20 % GT incorporated cooked sausages were comparable with control goat meat sausage and the values did not differ significantly between them. Thus, it can be concluded that 80% GM and 20% GT can be used for preparation of cooked goat meat sausages without affecting quality and acceptability.
Effect of finger millet (Eleusine coracana) buns supplementation on serum glucose and serum lipids level in type 2 diabetics
Authors: Tiwari Neha , Shere D. M.
Published: December 2017

The present study was conducted to show the long term effect of low glycemic index (GI) finger millet (Eleusine coracana) buns (GI = 36.57) on diabetics. This case control clinical trial was conducted on 30 type 2 diabetic subjects who were equally divided into 2 groups: experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). The EG patients were supplemented with four (200 g) finger millet flour buns for 60 days in comparison to control group without having any buns supplementation. All the samples supplemented to experimental group provided 23-25g of total dietary fibre per day. The metabolic parameters studied were serum glucose, serum cholesterol, serum LDL, serum HDL, serum triglycerides and serum VLDL. Blood glucose levels (both fasting and post prandial) and lipid profile (at fasting) of the subjects were assessed at baseline and after 60 days of supplementation. Significant reduction was recorded in fasting blood glucose (13.75%), post prandial blood glucose (14.43%), serum cholesterol (4.41%) and serum LDL (11.22%) and also a decrease in serum triglycerides (5.11%) and VLDL (4.74%). Serum HDL increased significantly by 14.98 per cent. Thus, it is concluded that finger millet as a low GI food product leads to modest improvement in long-term glycemic and lipidemic control in type 2 diabetics.
Standardization of corn starch as a fat replacer in buffalo calf meat sausages and its effect on the quality attributes
Authors: Jairath J. , Sharma D. P. , Dabur R. S. , Singh P. K. , Bishnoi S.
Published: December 2017

The present study envisaged optimization and evaluation of corn starch (CS) level as a fat replacer in buffalo calf meat. A total of four treatments of sausages viz. Control: 20% fat, T-1: 3% CS, T-2: 6% CS, T-3: 9% CS were tried to select suitable level of fat replacer on the basis of water holding capacity, emulsion stability and sensory evaluation. The sausages with selected level of CS were evaluated for physico-chemical properties, texture profile, thio-barbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), proximate composition and sensory attributes. The 6% level of CS was found optimum and the cooking yield, pH, moisture content, protein content and sensory scores of selected sausages were significantly (P>0.05) higher in comparison to control, however vice-versa for TBARS and fat content. The study concluded that 6% CS level is optimum to develop the low-fat sausages with improved quality and with 43% lower calorie content.
Extent of adaptation of high yielding murrah buffaloes to negative energy balance in response to various dry period lengths
Authors: Reddy A. Nagarjuna , Seshiah Ch. Venkata , Sudhakar K. , Kumar D. Srinivasa , Reddy P. Ravi Kanth
Published: December 2017

Higher serum Non Esterified Fatty acid (SNEFA) concentration associated with negative energy balance (NEB) around calving has been used to predict dairy animals at risk for metabolic disorders. The aim of the study was to investigate the SNEFA, Altered Non Esterified Fatty Acid percentage (ANEFAP) levels and Service period (SP) in forty eight dairy buffaloes allotted to three dry period lengths (> 60 d (n=16); 46 to 60 d (n=16); and 30 to 45 d (n=16)). The serum NEFA and ANEFAP levels were influenced by length of dry period and pre and postpartum periods of the entire experimental study. The NEFA concentration showed an increased trend from the time of drying to 60 days postpartum, followed by a decreased trend from 60 to 90 days postpartum, irrespective of the groups. The NEFA concentration has increased (P>0.05) with higher postpartum ANEFAP levels (P>0.05), either pre or postpartum in the buffaloes allotted to traditional dry period group. SNEFA concentration was negatively correlated with serum glucose (SG) concentration (P>0.01) and 6% FCM (P>0.05) at 30 and 60 d postpartum, respectively. The mean days required for postpartum conception were highest (P>0.05) in first group (144.38 ± 5.62) followed by second (105.00 ± 5.07) and third group (86.25 ± 5.39) buffaloes. Additionally, the success rate of insemination was less in group I compared to the other shortened dry period groups. In the present study, it is concluded that the buffaloes in shortened dry period groups adapt well to the negative energy balance compared to those allotted to conventional dry period lengths (60 or > 60 days).
Comparative Serum Biochemical Profile for Different Breeds of Ducks versus White Leghorn Chickens in Peak Laying Period
Authors: Rath Rajashree , Panigrahi B. , Mishra S. K. , Pradhan C. R. , Maity A. , Tewari H.
Published: December 2017

An investigation was carried out to compare the serum biochemical profile of two prominent avian species: ducks vis a vis chickens, at peak egg production phases. The genotypes consisted of 3 breeds of ducks: Khaki Campbell, White Pekins and a native duck breed: Kuzhi (reared in Odisha and adjoining regions) and besides the White Leghorn chickens, at 50 week age, numbering 30 each, with rearing done in individual cages. The result revealed significant (p>0.0001) genotype-associated differences for almost all the serum biochemical parameters, except globulin. There existed a significant (p>0.0001) difference between the species (duck verses chicken) for these parameters, with distinct inter-breed variations. Among the lipid profile HDL of ducks remained comparable to that of chickens, with the indigenous Kuzhi ducks displaying the most desirable lipid-profile of all the genotypes except LDL. The serum liver-enzymes (SGOT and SGPT) were well within normal ranges, expected or laying birds with significant difference between species, with between-breed variations among ducks. It was concluded that, ducks had significantly-distinct and variant serum biochemical profiles compared to chickens, where the indigenous ducks (of Odisha region) possessed the most- desirable estimates, as expected from table- egg laying species.
Kuwil method for spectral clustering algorithm
Authors: Kuwil Farag Homed Ali
Published: December 2017

The open issues and challenges that exist while using the spectral clustering algorithm (SCA) have led to its limited spread in practical life. This paper proposes to find an easier, faster and more accurate method to implement SCA that will lead to its wide use by statisticians, researchers, institutions and others. I suggest a new method called â€˜Kuwil methodâ€™ for SCA on any dataset points without needing estimation or evaluation of any parameters or the use of linear algebra, not even the k_mean algorithm. The main aim is to apply an algorithm that relies on distance laws among points only. The algorithm by the Kuwil method has been applied a number of times on real data from the warehouse European Economic Association (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database) and on unreal data. The results were highly efficient in terms of time, effort and simplification. It eliminates the problem of parameters and increases the effectiveness to give static results obtained from the first execution. No errors were seen from functions in the MATLAB language such as eigenvalues, eigenvector and k_mean.

Keywords: Spectral clustering, Kuwil method.
GUARDING SHARIA ECONOMY IN INDONESIA OPTIMIZATION OF CONTEMPORARY ULAMA AUTHORITY AND LOCAL WISDOM
Authors: Djakfar Muhammad
Published: December 2017

Sharia economy is one of the economic system, in addition to the other two systems namely capitalist and socialist. Although the socialist system is no longer popular at the global level, but in reality the Sharia Economy system is still outdone by the secularistic capitalist system. In practice, the capitalist system contains many weaknesses so that the world community began to look for other systems as a solution, namely sharia economy. In Indonesia the development system is relatively slow, so it is necessary to optimize the role of ulama and the function of local wisdom. This is the literature research with data sources from various literature and relevant issues. The results of the study show that with its authority, contemporary ulama can perform the role as a giver of fatwas, enlighteners, thinkers and economic actors. Enlightenment can be done through religious or educational events, while business practices can be conducted in pesantren by developing businesses, all of which are part and function of local wisdom.

Ekonomi syariah adalah merupakan salah satu sistem ekonomi, di samping kedua sistem yang lain yakni kapitalis dan sosialis. Sekalipun sistem sosialis akhir-akhir ini tidak lagi populer di tingkat global, namun dalam kenyataan sistem ekonomi syariah masih kalah cepat dengan sistem kapitalis yang sekularistik. Dalam praktiknya, sistem kapitalis mengandung banyak kelemahan sehingga masyarakat dunia mulai mencari sistem lain sebagai solusi, yakni ekonomi syariah. Di Indonesia sistem ini perkembangannya relatif lambat sehingga perlu mengoptimalkan peran ulama dan fungsi kearifan lokal. Wacana ini merupakan penelitian pustaka dengan sumber data dari berbagai literatur dan isu yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa dengan otoritasnya, ulama kontemporer dapat melakukan peran sebagai pemberi fatwa, pencerah, pemikir dan pelaku ekonomi. Pencerahan dapat dilakukan melalui acara keagamaan atau pendidikan, sedangkan praktik bisnis dapat dilakukan di pesantren dengan mengembangkan usaha, yang semuanya itu merupakan bagian dan fungsi dari kearifan lokal.
Fotografías de arquitectura y arquitectura de fotografías a comienzos del siglo XX
Authors: Nicole Halm , Deus María Emilia
Published: December 2017

A partir del siglo XX la relación de la fotografía y la arquitectura ha cobrado un nuevo sentido; dos disciplinas independientes comienzan a actuar conjuntamente para posteriormente fusionarse en una sola. Por un lado, se considera a la arquitectura como medio compositivo, donde la fotografía es quien trasciende mientras que la primera se comporta como objeto fotográfico. Por otro lado, se considera a la fotografía como herramienta esencial en la construcción del imaginario colectivo para la promoción de la arquitectura.
La fotografía colaboró en la consolidación de algunos de los maestros de la arquitectura moderna, en los que el trabajo conjunto de arquitecto y fotógrafo produjo destacados fenómenos mediáticos de gran éxito internacional. Dentro de ellos resalta la figura del arquitecto Le Corbusier como fotógrafo durante su primera etapa, como también
del fotógrafo Julius Shulman trabajando junto al programa Case Study Houses.
PERILAKU PETANI CABAI RAWIT TERHADAP RESIKO FLUKTUASI HARGA DI KECAMATAN GUMUKMAS KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Adriankurniawati Aisyah Muluukhul , Syafii Imam , Rondhi M
Published: December 2017

This study was aimed to determine the farmer’s behaviour in face of risk as result of pepper’s price fluctuation in Gumukmas District, Jember Regency. There are three criterias in farmer’s behaviour : risk lover, risk neutral, and risk averter. Thirty-nine farmers was selected by using simple random sampling. The utility function was employed to determine farmer’s behaviour. In this research, utility function with Bernoulli and Neuman -Morgerstern technique was used. This specification was modified with neutral probability (50:50). Estimation on this function was done by using uncertainty equivalent (CE) through quadratic estimation. The result showed that arround 33 farmers (84.62%) are risk neutral. The risk averter are 5 farmers (11.52%) and one farmer (2.56%) is risk lover. This result also showed that farmers with own land ownership status were more daring than farmers who own land tenure status, profit sharing, or farmers who have two land ownership status. Other results indicated that the farmers who pursued local pepperwere more daring than the farmers who pursued hybrid pepper or farmers who persuedlocal and hybrid at once.
EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES(GMP) DAN ANALISIS EFISIENSI BIAYA DI PUSAT PENGOLAHAN KAKAO RAKYAT JEMBRANA BALI
Authors: Hawa Tidar Aden
Published: December 2017

Although the amount of Indonesian cocoa production is quite high, but the volume of cocoagrinding is still relatively low compared to the potential that should be obtained. Therefore, Indonesia should improve the cocoa processing industry sector.This research was intended to: analyze the implementation of each component of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) at Smallholder Cocoa Processing Center (PPKR) of Jembrana in accordance with Agriculture Minister’s Regulation No. 35/Permentan/OT.140/7/2008; analyze the efficiency level of the use of costs at PPKR Jembrana. The research results showed that the level of GMP implementation based on Agriculture Minister’s Regulation No.35/Permentan/OT.140/7/2008 at PPKR Jembrana was still partial (47%). In the one year production, the use of costs at PPKR Jembrana was efficient indicated by the value of R/C>1, but the value was resulted by subsidized cost structure (cost of raw materials/cocoa seeds, employee salaries, depreciation of equipment, machinery depreciation, building depreciation, property and building taxes, electricity cost, and water cost). If subsidies were removed, the value of efficiency would drop even become inefficient. By the whole implementation of GMP, the inefficient costs in form of process failure cost and product return cost can be reduced, so the efficiency of the costs use will increase.
STUDI KELAYAKAN USAHA DAN DAYA SAING PADA INDUSTRI TEPUNG TAPIOKA DI KECAMATAN POGALAN KABUPATEN TRENGGALEK
Authors: Amilia Winda , Choiron Miftahul
Published: December 2017

Small and Medium Enterprises play an important role for economic growth in Indonesia. As an agricultural country, development on agricultural sector should be done to meet the needs of industries. As agricultural commodities, cassava requires processing efforts to increase the product value. Anis Jaya has been processing tapioca flour since 1983 in the center of tapioca flour on Pogalan, Trenggalek Regency. Since 2015, Anis Jaya has decreased production number, due to the decline on market demand. This has an impact on the decline of cassava purchasing price by industry. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the feasibility of Anis Jaya business and to analyze business competitiveness using Porter’s Diamond model approach for business development. The analysis shows that the Net Present Value is Rp. 88.690.571,74 (NPV > 1), Internal Rate of Return is 54,98% and Payback Period less than 1 year. Net B/C ratio of Anis Jaya is 2,82 which indicates that the industry is still worth continuing. The formulated development strategy is making efficiency by adding capital, improving product and service quality, optimizing labor performance, and managing raw material inventory and auxiliary materials.
Jogada de Médici: o uso da loteria esportiva pelo regime militar brasileiro
Authors: Fino Patrícia , Hintze Helio
Published: December 2017

Este artigo apresenta uma investigação sobre um tema ainda inédito na academia: a Loteria Esportiva como estratégia de governo dos militares. O corpus é composto por matérias sobre a Loteria Esportiva de todas as edições do ano de 1970 desde sua regulamentação em 25/03/1970, totalizando 40 números da revista Veja. A Metodologia utilizada está dividida em duas etapas: 1) levantamento das matérias publicadas na revista Veja sobre o tema; 2) apresentar, à luz do referencial da Análise Crítica de Discursos (FAIRCLOUGH, 2008; VAN DJIK, 2008), uma análise sobre o tema. Os resultados de nossas análises permitiram compreender parte dessa estratégia, além de indicar a relevância do tema, uma vez que 45% dos exemplares analisados tinham uma ou mais matérias sobre o assunto.
Campos do Jordão: a memória como campo de disputa
Authors: Zanetti Valeira , Sanches Maiara , Oliveira Robson
Published: December 2017

Este estudo visa analisar as memórias de seis pessoas, moradores e doentes, que viveram no município de Campos do Jordão - SP, importante estância de tratamento da tuberculose, no início do século XX. A análise distinguiu dois conjuntos de memórias sobre a estância, o que nos permitiu compreender a memória como um campo de disputa. O estudo valeu-se de referências baseadas nos conceitos de hegemonia de Antonio Gramsci, de Memória Coletiva de Halbwachs e nas Cidades Invisíveis de Ítalo Calvino, cujo repertório de arquétipos de cidades estabelece uma relação entre Campos do Jordão e a “invisível” cidade de Irene.
Perancangan SITANI Sebagai Media Informasi Bagi Petani
Authors: Pratisto Eko Harry , Waluyo Arif Budi
Published: December 2017

Agriculture is one source of livelihood of people in Surakarta. However, there are  some problems that occur in agriculture, such as: the shortage of agricultural goods, the difficulty of obtaining workshop activities information, and difficulty to sell crops at harvest periode  for the arragement  price from middlemen.

SITANI application is develop using waterfall method and built using  Java programming language with tool Android Studio. The design includes table of functional requirements, use case diagram, ERD, activity diagrams, and interface design. Application testing is done using quistionnaire.
The results of this research is the creation of android-based application with modules SITANI advertsement, workshop activities information, and ordering goods.
Implementation of a Postgraduate Orthopaedic Physician Assistant Fellowship for Improved Specialty Training
Authors: Miller Anna N. , Weiss Jamie L. , Hill Vincent J. , Lindaman Kristin J. , Emory Cynthia L.
Published: December 2017

Postgraduate PA fellowships allow for advanced specialty-specific education and experience for entry-level graduates. The Wake Forest School of Medicine created a postgraduate orthopaedic surgery PA fellowship (OPAF) that consists of 3 components: independent clinical experience, structured supervised rotations, and learning modules. The fellow is exposed to an all-inclusive experience via active rotations in each orthopaedic subspecialty, manages and operates an autonomous clinic, and receives additional training via learning modules related to systems-based practice and health-care quality improvement. The Wake Forest School of Medicine’s OPAF can provide a framework for similar fellowship programs throughout the United States.
Effect of the Silver Nanoparticles on the Histology of Albino Mice Ovaries
Authors: Al –Nakeeb Gazwa D .Al , Fatheel Noor Mahdi
Published: December 2017

The aim of study is to identify the histological changes in ovaries of the albino mice exposed to silver nanoparticles. Sixty adult females were collected and exposures by 4000 p.p.m. and 50-150 nm in size, Females were divided into 3treated groups. The concentration dosage was (1, 1.5 and 2) p.p.m. of silver nanoparticles for 7, 14 and 21 days as exposure periods as well as control group which treated by normal saline. Treated groups appeared different histopathological changes, it is depending on the concentration of silver nanoparticles and the period of exposure. These changes were included congestion in the blood vessels, hemorrhage, hyaline degeneration, fatty degeneration, pyknosis, necrosis as well as fusion of cells in follicular cells, amyloid proteins in the blood vessels and Fatty necrosis.
Morphological Study of Pollen Grains and Seeds in Eight Species from the Family Cruciferae in Iraq
Authors: AL-Masoud Rasha K.H. , Shammary Khalil I.A. Al-
Published: December 2017

The shape dimensions and characteristics of pollen grains and seeds have importance in distinguish among species. Therefore, the present study included morphological characteristics of pollen grains and seeds for eight species belonging to eight genera of the family Brassicaceae and these species are: Alliaria petiolata (M.Bieb) Cavara et Grand, Aubrieta parviflora Boiss, Cardamine hirsuta L., Crambe orientalis L., Eromobium aegyptiacum (Spreng.) Schweinf.et Asch.ex Boiss., Parlatoria cakiloidea Boiss., Sterigmostemum sulphureum (Banksetsol.) Bornm. Neotorularia torulosa (Desf.) Hedge & J. Leonard. The pollen grains were studied in morphological and full measurements were taken, the study showed that the majority of the pollen grains was tricolpate and shape was determined to be prolate, sub prolate and prolate spheroidal. In terms of size, the pollen grains of the studied species varied between small size, medium size, the basic surface pattern of the studied pollen grains was reticulate. The study showed that the morphological characteristics of the seeds varied in shape between oblong-elliptic, lenticular- discoid, ovoid, suborbicular and obovoid. The location of hillum was a difference between terminal and basal position and the surface sculpture of the seed surface varied between a longitudinal striate prominent, faintly reticulate, reticulate, pustular, faintly reticulate and pustular and a smooth. The seeds also varied in color and dimensions, existence of wing in the studied species.
The Efficiency of Using Ozone Gas and Heat to Control Larvae and Adult Stage of Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Sabeat F. A.
Published: December 2017

The effect of ozone gas with temperatures 35. 40 and 45 Celsius to control on larval and adult stages of Tribolium castaneum was tested and at time of exposure 1.0, 3.0, 7.0, 9.0, 11.0, 13.0 hours and the level of relative humidity prevailing during the test 45 ± 1%. Results showed significant differences between the exposure times, when the percentage of mortality 100% between larvae (primary, intermediate and advanced) in the treatment effect at a temperature of 35 Celsius with ozone gas at exposure time to 9.0, 11.0, 11.0 hours for the three ages respectively, and adult (male and female) in the same treatment when the three heat degrees had given ratios the total mortality reached 100% of both males at exposure time to 7.0 ,3.0, 1.0 hour respectively and females at exposure time 9.0 ,7.0 ,1.0 hour respectively, While completely failed under the effect of a heat treatment at temperatures of 35 Celsius for both stages respectively, while the effect was clear when the temperature is 45 Celsius where the of total mortality of 100% when the heat treatment of the stage of the larval and adult at the time 7.0, 3.1, 1.0 hour respectively. This means that the combined effect of ozone gas with temperatures has resulted in the reduction of the time needed to get the total mortality in both insect stages and significantly influential and that mortality rates in the two stages were increasingly higher degree of exposure used heat and high heat was the lead in reducing the time of exposure and even access to the total mortality.
Inhibitory Effect of Bacteriophages Isolated from Sewage Water in the City of Kirkuk on some Types of Human Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Edham Muhsin Hamad , Al-Tae Firas MD , Al-Hammadi Alaa TY
Published: December 2017

Most approaches to combat antibiotic resistant bacteria concentrate on discovering new antibiotics or modifying existing ones. However, one of the most promising alternatives is the use of bacteriophages. This study was focused on the isolation of bacteriophages that are specific to some of commonly human pathogens namely E. coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae. These bacteriophages were isolated from sewages that were collected from four different locations in Kirkuk City. Apart from S. pyogenes, bacteriophages specific to all tested bacteria were successfully isolated and tested for their effectiveness by spot test. The most effective bacteriophages that were isolated from sewages and sewage water of Al-Jumhori Hospital compared to other sites. It is concluded that the sewage water of hospitals represents a perfect environment for these bacteriophages.
New Synthesis of Cyclic Imide Compounds for Ampicillin Drug and Studying Their Biological Activity
Authors: Al-Tamimi Entesar O. , Mousa Enaam Fadil
Published: December 2017

Some new cyclic imides are prepared by the reaction of ampicillin drug with different cyclic anhydrides as a first step to form amic acids for ampicillin drug. The second step includes the reaction of prepared amic acids with acetic anhydride and anhydrous sodium acetate with heating in THF as a solvent to give cyclic imide compounds. These compounds are identified by melting points, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and biological activity
Synthesis New Liquid Selective Electrodes of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride for Determination Ciprofloxacin in Pure form and Pharmaceuticals Preparation.
Authors: Abass Amina M.
Published: December 2017

New membrane electrodes for determination of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride were prepared depending on ciprofloxacin hydrochloride - phosphotungstic acid (CFH-PT) as an active material and these electrodes were made with three plasticizers: Di-octylphenylphosphonate(DOPH), Di-butyl phosphate (DBP)Tri-n-butyl phosphate(TBP), in PVC matrix. One of the ciprofloxacin electrodes was gave Nernstian slope equal to 57.21 mV/ decade for DOPH membrane with concentration range from 1.5×10-5 to1.0×10-1 M, and detection limit equal to 1.5×10-6 M .Lifetime was 93 days. Non- Nernstian responses equal to 39.40 and 30.70 mV/ decade for membranes DBP, TBP, respectively. These electrodes were gave concentration range from 1.0× 10-5 to 1.0×10-2 and from 4.0×10-5 to 1.0×10-2 M,respectively. Detection limits were 7.0×10-6, and 1.7×10-6M, respectively. Lifetimes were 5,2 days, respectively. Also selectivity, influence of PH and samples analysis of ciprofloxacin in a pharmaceutical preparations were studied.
Construction and Operation of Solar Energy Dish for Water Heating
Authors: Ahmed Mohamad Abdulkareem , Abbas Salman H
Published: December 2017

Construction and operation of (2 m) parabolic solar dish for hot water application were illustrated. The heater was designed to supply hot water up to 100 oC using the clean solar thermal energy. The system includes the design and construction of solar tracking unit in order to increase system performance. Experimental test results, which obtained from clear and sunny day, refer to highly energy-conversion efficiency and promising a well-performed water heating system.
Bayes and Non-Bayes Estimation Methods for the Parameter of Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution
Authors: Alkanani Iden H. , Salman Shayma G.
Published: December 2017

In this paper, point estimation for parameter ? of Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution has been investigated by using simulation technique, to estimate the parameter by two sections methods; the first section includes Non-Bayesian estimation methods, such as (Maximum Likelihood estimator method, and Moment estimator method), while the second section includes standard Bayesian estimation method, using two different priors (Inverse Chi-Square and Jeffrey) such as (standard Bayes estimator, and Bayes estimator based on Jeffrey's prior).
Comparisons among these methods were made by employing mean square error measure. Simulation technique for different sample sizes has been used to compare between these methods.
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Authors: Ramos Martínez Julio Alberto
Published: December 2017

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BENEFICIOS DEL EJERCICIO FÍSICO ACUÁTICO EN LA READAPTACIÓN DE LA LESIÓN DEL LIGAMENTO CRUZADO ANTERIOR
Authors: Agraz Jaime , Martínez-Frígols Valentín
Published: December 2017

Antecedentes: La rodilla es una unidad funcional anatómica móvil que juega un papel clave en la función deportiva. Las lesiones producidas en esta articulación y, más específicamente, las roturas de ligamento cruzado anterior son de gran gravedad obligando al deportista a estar mucho tiempo apartado de la competición. En los últimos años, el trabajo en el medio acuático se ha incrementado debido a las diferentes ventajas que este proporciona. En cuanto a la readaptación de este tipo de lesiones, las terapias acuáticas pueden ser favorables debido a su implementación en etapas tempranas en las que se requiere minimizar el impacto en la articulación lesionada.Objetivos: Averiguar si la readaptación en el medio acuático produce beneficios durante las distintas fases de recuperación de la lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior respecto a una readaptación en el medio terrestre.Método: Se ha llevado a cabo una revisión de artículos que han comprobado los beneficios obtenidos entre una readaptación acuática y otra tradicional, así como la complementación de ambas.Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos no muestran diferencias significativas en la mayoría de variables (dolor, ROM, fuerza, etc.), aunque si se evidencian mejoras en cuanto al tiempo de recuperación durante el ejercicio en el medio acuático. También se encuentran diferencias negativas en el trabajo de fuerza isquitibial en el medio acuático respecto al entrenamiento tradicional.Conclusiones: El ejerccio físico en el medio acuático es un complemeto útil para la recuperación terrestre. Además, facilita la recuperación en la etapa temprana de la lesión.Palabras clave: ligamento cruzado anterior, rotura, intervención quirúrjica, hidroterapia, piscina, recuperación, ROM, fuerza.
Investor compensation fund: an optimal size for countries with developed stock markets and Ukraine
Authors: Shkolnyk Inna , Bondarenko Eugenia , Ostapenko Myroslav
Published: December 2017

A compensation fund is an effective mechanism for ensuring the protection of individual investors’ investments on the stock market, which confirms the experience of different countries both with the developed stock market and with the emerging markets (USA, UK, France, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Ireland, Malta).The formation of a steady interest of individual investors in stock market instruments is stimulated by the implementation of a mechanism for guaranteeing such investments. The stock market of Ukraine faces the problem of attracting additional financing, while individual investors have fairly large amounts of monetary resources that are not involved in the transactions with financial instruments due to the high level of distrust caused by the crisis phenomena on both the global and the national financial markets. The creation of the Ukrainian compensation fund for investment protection involves the development and implementation of a nationwide system for protecting the property interests of investors on the stock market, which requires compensatory payments to the clients of all professional market participants as a result of certain risks.The main condition for effective functioning of the compensation fund of the stock market is determined by its size, which must meet the following conditions of optimality: to ensure the minimum level of the fund’s risks, to take into account the amounts of contributions for the current period, the amount of maintenance costs and to fulfil the requirements for the financial stability of the fund. A modified Markowitz portfolio model was used to build the model.The building of the target function and constraints was carried out by using the Statistica software toolkit. The target function and constraints were presented as polynomials of the third degree and calculated with the help of the multiple nonlinear regression. As a result of calculations, an optimization model was developed for determining the size of the compensation fund taking into account these conditions.The model’s testing was carried out by using the examples of the Deposit Guarantee Fund (DGF) and compensation funds of the United States, Great Britain, France, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Ireland and Malta. As a result of calculations we determined the size of the compensation fund, which guarantees a minimum level of the fund’s risk taking into account the amount of contributions for the current period, the amount of maintenance costs and requirements to the financial stability of the fund.