bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overtopping wave reduction capability of Rakuna IV armor block used for Rubblemound Breakwater
Authors: Le Thi Huong Giang.
Published: July 2019

Run up, overtopping are the main reasons that damage and unstabilize the coastal and basin protective structures. So, overtopping wave is an inevitable load during coastal structures designing process, particularly at present very complicated real situation of global sea level rise and climate change. Based on the early researches, allowable mean overtopping wave discharges play an important roll in determining breakwaters' dimension such as top elevation, slope protective alternatives in the port side and so on. The more permissible average overtopping wave discharges, the lower breakwater top elevation needed. Moreover, the weight of armor blocks used on a seaside slope can be reduced. However, the port side slope needs to be properly protected against the impact of overtopping wave. Thus, researching the application of new armored unit blocks with high overtopping wave reduction capability that is corresponsive to typhoon-generated wave conditions is totally in need. Rakuna IV is one of the newly developed wave-dissipating blocks invented by Nikken Kogaku (Japan) in 2007, and the stability of this block for rubble mound breakwaters has been investigated under non-wave overtopping conditions by many researchers in Japan, Korea, China, and Vietnam. To be more exhaustive in the design of breakwaters with this kind of block, this study carried out experimental research on wave overtopping performance of RAKUNA-IV (overtopping reduction by roughness factor Î³r) in wave flume at Ha Noi Water Resources University. Based on the physical model tests' results, the author has determined the overtopping wave reduction coefficient Î³r of Rakuna IV block and its relationship with Irribaren number xm-1,0.
Effect of Temperature on Synbiotic Sorghum Drinks Characteristics
Authors: Sukarminah Een , Wulandari Endah , Lembong Elazmanawati , Annisa Nurul
Published: July 2019

Synbiotic drinks contain components of probiotics and prebiotics which can provide a functional effect for the body. Probiotics are resistant to stomach acid and bile salts so that they remain alive in the digestive tract. Prebiotics are a component of food that cannot be digested and can provide a growth effect for beneficial bacteria. Functional food in the form of synbiotic drinks can be made using sorghum which acts as prebiotic and Bifidbacterium bifidum acts as probiotic bacteria and characteristics of synbiotic drinks can be influenced by storage temperature. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of storage temperature on the characteristics of sorghum-based symbiotic drink products (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). The research method used is the experimental method with descriptive analysis, followed by regression analysis and correlation to determine the effect of storage temperature on the characteristics of symbiotic drinks. The treatment used in this study was the use of storage temperature of 15ºC ± 5ºC, 25ºC ± 5ºC, and 35ºC ± 5ºC. The results showed that total Lactic Acid Bacteria decreased at all temperatures storage with a very strong closeness. The total probiotic bacteria decreased at all temperatures storage with a very strong closeness. The pH value decreased at all temperatures storage with a very strong closeness. Viscosity increases at all temperatures storage with a very strong closeness and based on the calculation of shelf life prediction of synbiotik sorghum drinks, the rate of decline products due to the activity of the microorganisms will follow one order kinetics and the result is supposedly faster if storage temperatures offered up to room temperature.
Evaluating Services Computing Systems Engineering Framework using An Acceptance Model
Authors: Kurniawan Novianto Budi , Suhardi - , Bandung Yoanes , Prasetyo Yuli Adam , Yustianto Purnomo
Published: July 2019

The gap between business services and IT services becomes a major concern in services computing. As an approach for service-based IT solution, services computing systems are promised to be able to bridge the gap between these services. The implementation will require an engineering framework as a guide to building the systems. The framework needs to be evaluated to provide important feedback to the framework development. This paper outlines the evaluation of SCSE framework through an acceptance model. The study develops an acceptance model based on the experiences of a group of engineers after using the framework to build smart campus services systems. A survey involving 54 systems engineers with various engineering backgrounds was conducted to assess the experiences of the engineers in using the framework. The results of the acceptance model show that both perceived ease of use, represented by the level of agreement (Ï…1) and perceived usefulness, represented by the level of importance (Ï…2) deliver good results almost for the entire stages of the proposed framework. In addition, the user experiences of using the proposed framework are in the acceptable levels. The contribution of this paper is an enrichment of the engineering methodologies for the service-oriented system from the perspective of services computing.
Application of The KNN Algorithm in Determining the Orientation of The Probability Area Containing The Ship Position by GPS Systems on Hai Phong Coastal Area
Authors: Nguyen Thai Duong , Nguyen Trong Duc
Published: July 2019

The need for navigation for the maritime industry is also very urgent. Today, most commercial boats have receivers and positioning signal receivers, giving an accuracy of several meters. For vessels arriving at, or passing through small canals, the ability to locate with an accuracy of less than 1 meter is necessary. In these cases, the use of DGPS technology is necessary. The determination of ship location and navigation depends on global satellite navigation systems, mainly GPS systems. In maritime practice, the position of the specified vessel is considered the most probable position and will be the center of the circle of probability area containing the ship position. However, the probability area containing the ship position is scalar, the radius of error of the circle of probability area depends on many factors, such as the deviation of geodetic system, the accuracy of the chart. Therefore, the determination of the most probable position with the highest accuracy is a quite complex problem. The demand for data processing is also greater; Machine Learning is thus contributing to solving this problem. In the framework of the article, the authors propose the application of the KNN algorithm to determine the orientation of the probability area containing the ship position with the most probable positions. The objective of this study is to improve efficiency and safety in maneuvering and navigation for sea vessels and testing for Hai Phong coastal area.
Generating and Validating DSA Private Keys from Online Face Images for Digital Signatures
Authors: Ahmed Asraa Safaa , Abdullatif Firas A. , Hasan Taha Mohammad
Published: July 2019

Signing digital documents is attracting more attention in recent years, according to the rapidly growing number of digital documents being exchanged online. The digital signature proves the authenticity of the document and the sender’s approval on the contents of the document. However, storing the private keys of users for digital signing imposes threats toward gaining unauthorized access, which can result in producing false signatures. Thus, in this paper, a novel approach is proposed to extract the private component of the key used to produce the digital signature from online face image. Hence, this private component is never stored in any database, so that, false signatures cannot be produced and the sender’s approval cannot be denied. The proposed method uses a convolutional neural network that is trained using a semi-supervised approach, so that, the values used for the training are extracted based on the predictions of the neural network. To avoid the need for training a complex neural network, the proposed neural network makes use of existing pretrained neural networks, that already have the knowledge about the distinctive features in the faces. The use of the MTCNN for face detection and Facenet for face recognition, in addition to the proposed neural network, to achieved the best performance. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using the Colored FERET Faces Database Version 2 and has achieved robustness rate of 13.48% and uniqueness of 100%.
The Influence of Type of Solvent and Extraction Temperature of Corn Silk Extracts
Authors: Haslina - , Nazir Novizar , Wahjuningsih Sri Budi , Larasati Dewi
Published: July 2019

Corn silk has not been well-utilized.  Actually it has the capacity to develop into functional food because it contains bioactive compounds and high natural antioxidant such as flavonoids and phenolics and positive effects on human health. There are several factors that influence the quality of corn silks extracts, including ratio (raw:solvents) and extraction temperature. This research was couducted to determine the influence of ratio (raw:solvent) and extration temperature of corn silk extracts.  The experimental design used Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consisted of two factors and 3 replications. The first factor was type of solvent. All treatment use (raw:solvents) ratio at (1:4). The first factor consists P1=raw:ethanol (1:4)(w/v), P2=raw:methanol (1:4)(w/v), P3=raw:ethyl acetate (1:4)(w/v), and P4=raw:acetone (1:4)(w/v). and the second factor was extraction temperature that consists S1=60°C, S2=70°C, and S3=80°C. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance, followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) test at 5% significant level. Parameters of chemical analysis were included (water, ash, protein, fat, and carbohyrate), and phytochemical analysis were included (total phenol, total flavonoid, activity antioxidant, beta carotene, and vitamin C). The results showed that the type of solvent  and extraction temperature of corn silk extracts have significantly effect on water, ash, protein, fat, and, total phenol, total flavonoid, activity antioxidant, beta carotene, and vitamin C. Methanol solvent and extraction temperature at 60°C is the best treatment which have the highest protein and the lowest fat content at 18.22%±1.13 and 0.17%±0.02 respectively, and  the highest total phenol, total flavonoid, activity antioxidant, beta carotene, and vitamin C at 8216.89±132.39 Î¼gGAE/g; 234.29±3.98 Î¼gGAE/g; 215.27ppm±3.87; 80.80%±1.84; and 8.84%±0.45 respectively.
Reversal effect of quercetin on talazoparib resistance in BRCA1 mutant triple negative breast cancer
Authors: GÜNEY ESKİLER Gamze , ÇEÇENER Gülşah , EGELİ Ünal , TUNCA Berrin
Published: July 2019

Objectives:
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have demonstrated an
outstanding activity in patients with BRCA-mutated
and wild-type breast cancer. However, the identification of resistance
mechanisms to PARP inhibitors is a significant clinical challenge in effective
treatment. Thus, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to overcome
resistance. The aim of the current study was to explore the potential effect of
quercetin on HCC1937 (BRCA1 mutant)
and talazoparib (BMN 673), a PARP inhibitor, resistant HCC1937 (HCC1937-R)
triple negative breast cancer cells (TNBC). Methods: We firstly generated BMN
673 resistance HCC1937 cells by continuous exposure to BMN 673 during 6 months.
Then, cells were exposed to the different concentration (0-100 µM) of quercetin
and the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of quercetin on these cells were
evaluated by WST-1, Annexin V and dual acridine orange-ethidiumbromide (Et-BR)
staining. Results: The cell viability of HCC1937
and HCC1937-R cells reduced to 37.1% and 44.2% at a concentration of 100 μM,
respectively for 48 h (p < 0.01).
Apoptotic rates of HCC1937 and HCC1937-R cells treated with 100 μM quercetin
were nearly 56.0% and 46.0%, respectively (p
< 0.01). Additionally,
theapoptotic morphologicalchanges
were observed in these cells.

Conclusions: In conclusion, the
obtained results suggest that quercetin could potentially be used as an
alternative therapeutic strategy in BRCA1
mutant TNBC to overcome acquired BMN 673-resistance.
Comorbid insomnia and arterial hypertension: pathogenetic models and promising biomarkers
Authors: Filchenko I. A. , Korostovtseva L. S. , Tereshchenko N. M. , Sviryaev Y. V. , Voznjouk I. A.
Published: July 2019

The review describes the major mechanisms for the initiation and maintenance of comorbid insomnia and arterial hypertension based on the relevant pathogenetic scenarios of insomnia such as the concept of sympathetic activation, the neurobiological model of insomnia, and stress-diathesis model (or 3-P model). The clinical data are lacking, and available clinical studies indicate the association between blood pressure levels and the hyperactivation of the central nervous system during sleep, characterized by electroencephalographic β-activity, and with sleep latency. However, biologically active substances involved in “neurogenic inflammation” also play a significant role in homeostasis maintenance following the exposure to endogenous and exogenous stress factors. The functions of interleukin-6, gamma-aminobutyric acid, substance P, melatonin, serotonin and orexin in normal and pathological conditions indicate their contribution to the development of comorbid insomnia and hypertension. We emphasize the role of insomnia as a separate nosological unit, comorbid with hypertension, as well as the importance of research of molecular mechanisms underlying the association between insomnia and arterial hypertension aimed at identification of therapeutic targets and prognostic markers.
PENGARUH PERAN DEWAN PENGAWAS SYARIAH (DPS) DAN KOMITE AUDIT TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PADA PRINSIP SYARIAH
Authors: Hikmah Liatul , Oktaviana Ulfi Kartika
Published: July 2019

Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS) and Audit Committee  are company organ for Responbility implementation of sharia Compliance in Sharia Community Financing Banks (BPRS). The purpose of this research was to test the role of Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS) and Audit Committee effects on compliance with sharia principles in Sharia Community Financing Bank (BPRS) in East Java.The research population was all BPRS of East Java Province which are registered in the Financial Service Authority (OJK) and Bank Indonesia (BI). The sample size was 15 institutions which were taken using purposive sampling method. Data collection method used approximation quantitative method with  questionnaires with total 0f 38 questionnaires returned. This research used Data analysis multiple linear regression test with SPSS 16. The research variables include 19 indicators of DPS supervision activities, 7 indicators of Audit Committee responsibilities and 12 indicators of Shariah Compliance indicators.The results revealed that the role of Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS) partially had a negative effect. Its mean Shariah Complience in BPRS East Java has not been fully influenced role of DPS because DPS rarely visited to BPRS and certification levels are still low. While the role of the Audit Committee has a positive effect on Sharia compliance in the BPRS East Java. Simultaneously, the role of Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS) and Audit Committee had an effect on compliance with sharia principles in BPRS East Java. According to the dominant variables revealed that the role of Audit Committee is more influential on Compliance with Sharia Principles in BPRS East Java compared to the role of Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS ).

 
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG GROWTH SPURT DENGAN SIKAP IBU MENYUSUI DALAM PEMBERIAN ASI PADA BAYI USIA 7-10 HARI
Authors: Faristasari Evvin , Wulandari Siswi , Amin Fita Avrista Vilusi
Published: July 2019

Latar belakang: Banyak faktor yang berpengaruh dalam kegagalan ASI eksklusif. Misalnya istilah ASI tidak cukup, disini faktor ibu adalah peran utama dalam pemberian ASI kepada buah hatinya. Pada usia tertentu bayi mengalami percepatan pertumbuhan (growth spurt) atau disingkat GS. Bayi mengalami percepatan pertumbuhan pada usia 7-10 hari, 2-3 minggu, 4-6 minggu, 3 bulan, 6 bulan, 9 bulan atau lebih, atau bisa juga di waktu-waktu yang lainnya. Salah satu RSIA di Kota Malang ini memiliki kebijakan fasilitas rawat gabung antara ibu dan bayinya yang baru dilahirkan. Kebijakan ini secara langsung dapat mendukung proses pemberian ASI secara ekslusif. Metode Penelitian: penelitian ini merupakan analitik korelasional. Karakteristik responden dalam penelitian ini diklasifikasikan berdasarkan usia ibu, pendidikan ibu, dan paritas ibu. Terdapat 30 responden yang ikut serta dalam penelitian ini. Hasil: Hasil tabulasi silang dapat diketahui bahwa  p-value < α (0,024 < 0,05) dan simpulkan Ho ditolak dan H1 diterima yang menyatakan bahwa ada hubungan pengetahuan tentang growth spurt (percepatan pertumbuhan) dengan sikap ibu menyusui dalam pemberian asi pada bayi usia 7-10 hari dengan tingkat kepercayaan sebesar 95 %. Kesimpulan: tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang growth spurt berhubungan dengan sikap ibu menyusui dalam pemberian asi pada bayi usia 7-10 hari.
Kata Kunci : growth spurt, RSIA, ASI eksklusif, sikap ibu menyusui
INFRARED SPEСTROMETRY APPLICATION IN PRODUCTION OF MEDICO-CRIMINALISTIC EXAMINATIONS DURING THE PROCESS OF SOLVING FORENSIC MEDICAL EXAMINATION BUREAU TASKS
Authors: Zorin Yu. V. , Luzanova I. S. , Svetlolobov D. Yu. , Shigeev S. V.
Published: July 2019

Material is devoted to the question of infrared spectrometry practical application when conducting diagnostic and identification testings. The method is used to research material evidences in combination with traditional medico-criminalistic methods. Cases from practice are given as examples.
Efecto de distribuciones a priori en los diseños D-óptimos Bayesianos para un modelo no lineal correlacionado
Authors: Mosquera Benítez Juan Carlos , López Rios Victor Ignacio
Published: July 2019

En la práctica pueden surgir complicaciones a la hora de construir diseños óptimos para modelos de regresión no lineales, uno de los grandes problemas  se  evidencia cuando  las observaciones son correlacionadas, debido a que éstas  son tomadas de un mismo individuo, objeto o  unidad experimental. Al momento de utilizar el criterio de D-optimalidad este depende tanto del vector de parámetros del modelo como de la estructura de correlación supuesta para el término de error.  Una forma de evitar esta dependencia es mediante la inclusión de distribuciones a priori en el criterio de D-optimalidad.  En este artículo se estudia el efecto que tiene la escogencia de diferentes distribuciones a priori, tales como las distribuciones Uniforme, Gamma y Log normal  en la obtención de los diseños D-óptimos para  un modelo no lineal, cuando los errores presentan diferentes estructuras de correlación. Se hallan los diseños al maximizar el criterio de D-optimalidad aproximado por  el método de Monte Carlo. Además, se propone una metodología general que permite  hallar diseños D-óptimos para cualquier tipo de modelo no lineal en presencia de observaciones correlacionadas. Finalmente, se propone comparar los diseños encontrados mediante el cálculo  de las eficiencias tomando como diseño de referencia el obtenido con la distribución a priori Uniforme. Se aplica la metodología establecida en un caso de estudio, y se concluye que los diseños obtenidos dependen tanto de la estructura de correlacióncomo de la distribución a priori considerada.
Cuachi Ñudzahui: una carta de confesión de homicidio escrito en lengua mixteca en el año 1684
Authors: Terracianao Kevin
Published: July 2019

En este artículo se investiga un tipo de documento raro del archivo criminal colonial de la Mixteca Alta, en el estado de Oaxaca. En 1684, un hombre escribió una carta, en lengua mixteca de Yanhuitlán, a las autoridades locales “ñudzahui” (mixtecas) y españolas, intentando explicar por qué había matado a su es- posa. La “nota de asesinato” fue archivada en el registro criminal de la investigación judicial que resultó del homicidio. El texto se transcribe, traduce y analiza en el contexto del sistema legal español y las actitudes lo- cales hacia el adulterio y la violencia de género. Se exploran varios otros temas planteados por el documento, desde la escritura y el lenguaje hasta la identidad y etnicidad.
El testamento de Sebastiana de Mendoza en lengua zapoteca, c. 1675
Authors: Munro Pamela , Terraciano Kevin , Galant Michael , Lillehaugen Brook , Sonnenschein Aaron , Flores-Marcial Xochitl , Ornelas Maria , Sousa Lisa
Published: July 2019

Aquí presentamos la lengua y el contenido de un testamento escrito a más tardar en 1675 perteneciente a una mujer zapoteca llamada Sebastiana de Mendoza. Ofrecemos el contexto histórico para entender cómo y por qué fue escrito y preservado el documento, y resumimos lo que el manuscrito nos dice sobre la testamentaria. Hacemos observaciones sobre el léxico, la estructura y las convenciones del habla del zapoteco original y proveemos tanto un análisis morfológico como una traducción del texto zapoteco. Al tratarse de la primera publicación con análisis morfológico y la traducción al inglés de un documento completo en lengua zapoteca de la época colonial mexicana, el manuscrito que aquí presentamos no sólo nos beneficia para entender cómo se usaba el zapoteco en ese periodo, sino que también es relevante para estudio de lenguas zapotecas vivas, habladas hoy en día por aproximadamente 400 000 personas principalmente en Oaxaca.
A ubiquidade dos games no ensino da matemática
Authors: Valletta Débora , Basso Marcus
Published: July 2019

As tecnologias móveis provocaram mudanças no comportamento e nos hábitos de crianças, jovens e adultos e isso se deve ao contexto da ubiquidade. Este trabalho relata uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório, desenvolvida a partir de um estudo de caso em uma escola privada no sul do Brasil que utiliza tecnologias móveis [tablets] em suas atividades pedagógicas. O artigo discute o jogo e o seu papel lúdico na aprendizagem dos estudantes sob a perspectiva histórica; os objetivos das atividades educativas, que foram elencados para auxiliar no desenvolvimento da aprendizagem, apoiados nos recursos didáticos tecnológicos, os Apps; as tessituras de alguns dos games da área de Matemática, utilizados entre 2014 e 2015, e, por fim, a organização dos artefatos nos espaços da escola.
Luto é verbo
Authors: Martins Maria do Carmo , Oliveira Junior Wenceslao Machado de
Published: July 2019

Uma vez vivendo em uma sociedade democrática contemporânea, saberíamos dizer quando essa democracia estaria em risco? Mas, de que democracia estaríamos falando? Já não haveria paradoxos ou contradições entre os vários sentidos que esse conceito ganhou nas últimas décadas ao se ver conectado a outros desejos individuais e projetos sociais, ou mesmo a outros sentidos de liberdade a ele associados?
Social capital in agricultural irrigation management of “RBUMDES Mursapa”
Authors: Rustinsyah Rustinsyah
Published: July 2019

Peasants in Plandirejo Village who live along the Bengawan Solo River use river water for agriculture. To distribute river water to agricultural land use the pump. It needs to be managed together so that it can be used properly. RBUMDES Mursapa as an institution that has succeeded in managing agriculture in Plandirejo Village. The role of social capital as one of the factors causing success in managing agriculture. Social capital is a network of elements of stakeholders involved in achieving the same goals. Therefore, qualitative research was conducted from June 2016 to July 2017 by collecting data through observation, interviews and FGD (Focus Discussion Group) with stakeholders managing agriculture. The purpose of the study is to describe social capital in irrigation management and its consideration of the sustainability of agricultural activities in the village. The results of this study are: a) social capital has an important role to succeed in managing agriculture; and b) agricultural development planning between the sustainability of agriculture and the development of communities in the village such as agricultural production which is quite high, in the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors, and provides support for national agricultural improvement programs. The impacts of the success of RBUMDES Mursapa include: a) contributes to rural development and accommodates the activities of village government; b) to mobilize rural farming activities; c) open up employment for male and female.
Dilemma of customary land policy in Indonesia
Authors: Marta Aura Dian , Suwaryo Utang , Sulaeman Affan , Agustino Leo
Published: July 2019

Indonesia’s policy of customary land regulation does not eradicate the problems faced by indigenous people. Disputes over customary land proprietary rights continue to occur even in this current era of decentralization and democracy. Departing from empirical phenomena, this study aims to uncover customary land policy dilemmas and explore strategies to reconstruct customary land policies in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach to literature study methods. This study was conducted in Indonesia and uses various cases of customary land policy from the provinces of Riau, East Kalimantan, and Papua. The data collected in this study is derived from books, documents, journals, research results, and news in electronic media. The results of the study show that Indonesia has a policy dilemma in the regulation of customary land for a number of reasons. First, customary land policies governed by customary law and national law often result in disputes. Second, in relation to natural resources management, there is no synchronization and harmony between sectoral laws and the Basic Principles of Agrarian Law (UUPA). Third, the government is yet to create policies at the local level regarding the protection and recognition of customary land. Therefore, the ideal strategy of policy reconstruction is to create a synergy between government institutions and all stakeholders in the policymaking process of customary land regulation. The conclusion of this study is that the policy dilemma of customary land in Indonesia will continue to occur if the government does not involve the participation of indigenous people and groups of interest in the policymaking process of customary land regulation.
Youth involvement: Empowerment effort through child-friendly village program
Authors: Kusumawardani Erma , Septiarti Serafin Wisni
Published: July 2019

This study aimed to describe activity within the child-friendly village program youth through participatory activities and youth empowerment. This research is a qualitative approach with a grounded theory method and setting of the research activity is the youth of the Tegalrejo District. Informants in this study include both youth and community leaders. The data collected through means of observation, documentation, and interviews. The data analysis technique used is the interactive analysis. Triangulation is done to explain the validity of the data from various sources. These results indicate that youth empowerment includes: a) the reason for the involvement of the youth including recreational interests, concern for the community, self-awareness, a stepping stone to the level of education, job readiness, and as a form of worship, b) youth empowerment seen from planning, implementation, evaluation, and even development, and c) factors supporting the involvement of the youth, their self-awareness and the support of administrators and community leaders. While the inhibiting factors such as the differences in leisure time, the impact of youth empowerment seen from the personal, academic, and vocational skills gained. Therefore, child-friendly village program it can be one of effort. To conclude, in addition to the youth program from the government, the child-friendly village program is seen to increase youth empowerment. Empowerment showed in the impact of youth involvement in the activities of the child-friendly village program.
Principles of Instability and Stability in Digital PID Control Strategies and Analysis for a Continuous Alcoholic Fermentation Tank Process Start-up
Authors: Balbino Barbosa Filho Alexandre César
Published: July 2019

The art work of this present paper is to show properly conditions and aspects to reach stability in the process control, as also to avoid instability, by using digital PID controllers, with the intention of help the industrial community. The discussed control strategy used to reach stability is to manipulate variables that are directly proportional to their controlled variables. To validate and to put the exposed principles into practice, it was done two simulations of a continuous fermentation tank process start-up with the yeast strain S. Cerevisiae NRRL-Y-132, in which the substrate feed stream contains different types of sugar derived from cane bagasse hydrolysate. These tests were carried out through the resolution of conservation laws, more specifically mass and energy balances, in which the fluid temperature and level inside the tank were the controlled variables. The results showed the facility in stabilize the system by following the exposed proceedings.
The Metonymic Readings of the Greek Deictic Adverbs εδώ [Here] and εκεί [There] in Politics: A Cognitive Approach
Authors: Tsaroucha Efthymia
Published: July 2019

This paper discusses the metonymic uses of the greek deictic adverbs εδώ [here] and εκεί [there] in the language of politics. The paper draws examples from political speeches which taken place in the Hellenic Parliament during 2011 and discussed the financial situation of Greece during that time. The paper discusses the multiple senses of these deictic adverbs and suggests that the temporal and spatial denotations of εδώ and εκεί are subject to image schemas. It is argued that the image schemas in which εδώ and εκεί are rooted have a metonymic basis. The paper also suggests that the spatio-temporal senses of εδώ and εκεί go beyond their deictic function due to their metonymic basis.
Compared Anatomy and Histology between Mus musculus Mice (Swiss) and Rattus norvegicus Rats (Wistar)
Authors: Silva-Santana Giorgio , Aguiar-Alves Fábio , Silva Licínio Esmeraldo , Barreto Maria Lúcia , Silva Jemima Fuentes Ribeiro , Gonçalves Alexia , Mattos-Guaraldi Ana Luíza , Lenzi-Almeida Kátia Calvi
Published: July 2019

The evolution of knowledge in biological and medical areas which made possible scientific and technological advances are attributed to anatomical studies, physiology and immunology in animals, contributing to the discovery of prophylactic measures and treatments of diseases that affect humans and animals. Currently, substitution is suggested by alternative methods that do not use laboratory animals, however in vitro methods may never be able to provide similar results to in vivo methods. Mice and rats are the most used animals in experimental researches, the anatomical, histological and genetic differences between species should be carefully evaluated, to better apply the study model and avoid unnecessary waste avoid. This study, aimed at an anatomical comparative and histological relationship between a rat´s and a mouse´s organs, is of great importance in experimental studies. For such, 30 Mus musculus (Swiss) mice and 15 Rattus norvegicus (Wistar) male and heterogenic rats, were used. All animals were kept free of pathogenic microorganisms, with the absence of surgical interventions that could cause anatomical and physiological changes. It was possible to observe significant anatomical and histological differences between spleens, brains, hearts, stomachs and intestines, livers, eyes, lungs and kidneys among species, which will serve as a basis to assist in choosing the most satisfactory research model. Few studies relate specific characteristics among laboratory animals, being restricted to a few veterinary and zoology books. The greater the organic, physiological and anatomical similarities are with the human being, the greater is the applicability of the animals in studies. However, it is not possible to lay down general rules to validate the extrapolation from one species to another.
Towards Sensor Reliability Using Internet-of-Things LiDAR Data in a Cyber-Physical System
Authors: Castaño Fernando , Villalonga Alberto , Haber Rodolfo E. , Kossakowska Joanna , Strzelczak Stanisław
Published: July 2019

Currently, the most important challenge in any assessment of state-of-the-art sensor technology and its reliability is to achieve road traffic safety targets. The research reported in this paper is focused on the design of a procedure for evaluating the reliability of Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensors and the use of a Cyber-Physical System (CPS) for the implementation of that evaluation procedure to gauge reliability. An important requirement for the generation of real critical situations under safety conditions is the capability of managing a co-simulation environment, in which both real and virtual data sensory information can be processed. An IoT case study that consists of a LiDAR-based collaborative map is then proposed, in which both real and virtual computing nodes with their corresponding sensors exchange information. Specifically, the sensor chosen for this study is a Ibeo Lux 4-layer LiDAR sensor with IoT added capabilities. Implementation is through an artificial-intelligence-based modeling library for sensor data-prediction error, at a local level, and a self-learning-based decision-making model supported on a Q-learning method, at a global level. Its aim is to determine the best model behavior and to trigger the updating procedure, if required. Finally, an experimental evaluation of this framework is also performed using simulated and real data
Biophilic Architecture for Restoration and Therapy within the Built Environment: A Review
Authors: Asim Farhan , Shree Venu
Published: July 2019

Can ‘restoration and therapy in design’ signify something more than the places like hospitals and healing gardens? Can those restorative environments be brought inside the working and living environments to mitigate the psychological problem at the source? The main objective of this paper is to look at the strategies and developments of Biophilic design with respect to therapy and restoration in order to achieve sustainability in terms of quality of life within the immediate built-environment. The paper explores the mental health issues under the domains of built-environment and indoor environment with respect to their connection with nature. Biophilic design has gained a favourable momentum within the last four decades and is now visualised as a medium that bridges the gap between humans and the nature. Out of a variety of measures of sustainable environmental design, biophilic design focuses on the end-results of naturally nurtured or inspired habitats and workplaces. It embodies strategies of Green and Intelligent buildings, works as a mitigation strategy for foul indoor environment and establishes the vision that veristic sustainability can only be achieved if there is qualitative control over human physiological prosperity and psychological health. In context of work efficiency, preference and productivity within the indoor environment, it is seen as a promoter of constructive thoughts and enhancer of creativity. The paper aims to enlist biophilic design and retrofitting strategies, which can improve cognitive function, reduce stress and provide mental peace within the built environment.
Male Sterility and Somatic Hybridization in Plant Breeding
Authors: Garcia Laura , Edera Alejandro , Marfil Carlos , Sanchez-Puerta Maria
Published: July 2019

Plant male sterility refers to the failure in the production of fertile pollen. It occurs spontaneously in natural populations and may be caused by genes encoded in the nuclear (genic male sterility; GMS) or mitochondrial (cytoplasmic male sterility; CMS) genomes. This feature has great agronomic value for the production of hybrid seeds and has been widely used in crops, such as corn, rice, wheat, citrus, and several species of the family Solanaceae. Mitochondrial genes determining CMS have been uncovered in a wide range of plant species. The modes of action of CMS have been classified in terms of the effect they produce in the cell, which ultimately leads to a failure in the production of pollen. Male fertility can be restored by nuclear-encoded genes, termed restorer-of-fertility (Rf) factors. CMS from wild plants has been transferred to species of agronomic interest through somatic hybridization. Somatic hybrids have also been produced to generate CMS de novo upon recombination of the mitochondrial genomes of two parental plants or by separating the CMS cytoplasm from the nuclear Rf alleles
A Study on Fatigue State Evaluation of Rail by the Use of Ultrasonic Nonlinearity
Authors: Zhu Bo , Lee Jaesun
Published: July 2019

Nonlinear ultrasonic testing has been accepted as a promising manner for evaluating material integrity in an early stage. Stress fatigue is the main threats to train safety, railways examinations for stress fatigue are more significant and necessary. A series of ultrasonic nonlinear wave experiments are conducted for rail specimens extracted from railhead with different degree of fatigue produced by three-point bent loading condition. The nonlinear parameter is the indicator of nonlinear waves for expressing the degree the fatigue. The experimental results show that the sensitivity of a third harmonic longitudinal wave is higher than second harmonic longitudinal wave testing. As the same time, collinear wave mixing shows strong relative with fatigue damages than a second longitudinal wave NDT method and provides more reliable results than third harmonic longitudinal waves nonlinear testing method.
Modeling Hydraulically Fractured Shale Wells Using the Fast-Marching Method With Local Grid Refinements and an Embedded Discrete Fracture Model
Authors: Xue Xu , Yang Changdong , Onishi Tsubasa , King Michael J. , Datta–Gupta Akhil
Published: July 2019

Recently, fast–marching–method (FMM) –based flow simulation has shown great promise for rapid modeling of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. Currently, the application of FMM–based simulation has been limited to using tartan grids to model the hydraulic fractures (HFs). The use of tartan grids adversely impacts the computational efficiency, particularly for field–scale applications with hundreds of HFs. Our purpose in this paper is to extend FMM–based simulation to incorporate local grid refinements (LGRs) and an embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) to simulate HFs with natural fractures, and to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the methodologies.

The FMM–based simulation is extended to LGRs and EDFM. This requires novel gridding through the introduction of triangles (2D) and tetrahedrons (2.5D) to link the local and global domain and solution of the Eikonal equation in unstructured grids to compute the diffusive time of flight (DTOF). The FMM–based flow simulation reduces a 3D simulation to an equivalent 1D simulation using the DTOF as a spatial coordinate. The 1D simulation can be carried out using a standard finite–difference method, thus leading to orders of magnitude of savings in computation time compared with full 3D simulation for high–resolution models.

First, we validate the accuracy and computational efficiency of the FMM–based simulation with LGRs by comparing them with tartan grids. The results show good agreement and the FMM–based simulation with LGRs shows significant improvement in computational efficiency. Then, we apply the FMM–based simulation with LGRs to the case of a multistage–hydraulic–fractured horizontal well with multiphase flow, to demonstrate the practical feasibility of our proposed approach. After that, we investigate various discretization schemes for the transition between the local and global domain in the FMM–based flow simulation. The results are used to identify optimal gridding schemes to maintain accuracy while improving computational efficiency. Finally, we demonstrate the workflow of the FMM–based simulation with EDFM, including grid generation; comparison with FMM with unstructured grid; and validation of the results. The FMM with EDFM can simulate arbitrary fracture patterns without simplification and shows good accuracy and efficiency.

This is the first study to apply the FMM–based flow simulation with LGRs and EDFM. The three main contributions of the proposed methodology are (i) unique mesh–generation schemes to link fracture and matrix flow domains, (ii) DTOF calculations in locally refined grids, and (iii) sensitivity studies to identify optimal discretization schemes for the FMM–based simulation.
High fecal carriage of Extended Beta Lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae among adult patients admitted in Referral Hospitals in Dar es salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Kibwana Upendo Ozeniel , Majigo Mtebe , Kamori Doreen , Manyahi Joel
Published: July 2019

Background
Multi-drug resistance pathogens such as Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) are of great global health concern, since they are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Even in the absence of infections caused by these pathogens, colonization is a great threat and can lead to cross transfer among hospitalized patients. To date data on carriage of these pathogens is still limited in Tanzania. Therefore, this study aimed to determine ESBL-PE fecal carriage rate and associated factors among hospitalized patients at Referral hospitals in Dar es Salaam.
Methods
This was a cross sectional study conducted from May to July 2017 among patients admitted in three referral hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Rectal swabs were collected and screened for ESBL production using MacConkey agar supplemented with Ceftazidime 1mg/L. Phenotypic confirmation of ESBL-PE was done by double disk diffusion method. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPPS) software version 20.
Results
Of the 196 enrolled participants, 59.7% (117/196) were confirmed to carry ESBL-PE. A total of 131 ESBL-PE were isolated from 117 patients, whereby, Escherichia coli accounted for 68.7%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 28.2% and Citrobacter species 0.8%. ESBL-PE carriage was significantly higher in patients with diarrhea compared to those without diarrhea (72% vs 53.1%, p=0.01). Recent antibiotic use was independently associated with carriage of ESBL-PE (aOR 14.65, 95%CI 3.07-69.88, p=0.01).
Conclusions
High fecal carriage of ESBL-PE was observed in patients admitted in tertiary hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The use of antibiotics was associated with carriage of ESBL producers among the study population.
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Ho Chi Minh City: a retrospective study of 2,267 cases from 2011 to 2015
Authors: Van Le Hong , Phu Phan Trieu , Vinh Dao Nguyen , Son Vo Thanh , Hanh Nguyen Thi , Nhat Le Thanh Hoang , Lan Nguyen Huu , Vinh Truong Van , Trang Nguyen Thi Mai , Ha Dang Thi Minh , Thwaites Guy , Thuong Nguyen Thuy Thuong
Published: July 2019

Background

Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a serious public health problem with poor treatment outcome. Predictors of poor outcomes vary in different health-care settings. Vietnam is among the 30 countries with high burden of MDR-TB. We aim to describe demographic characteristics and identify risk factors for poor outcome of MDR-TB in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), the most populous city in Vietnam.

Methods

This retrospective study included 2,267 patients who initiated MDR-TB treatment from 2011 to 2015 in HCMC. Treatment outcomes were available in 2,241 patients. Data was collected from standardized paper-based treatment cards and electronic records. Statistical analysis was performed using R program.

Results

Among 2,267 eligible cases, 60.2% were failure of category I or II regimen, 57.7% were underweight, 30.2% had diabetes mellitus and 9.6% were HIV positive. Notification rate increased 24.7% from 2011 to 2015.Treatment success rate was 73.3%. Risk factors for poor treatment outcome included HIV co-infection (odds ratio (OR): 2.92), advanced age (OR: 1.47 for every increase of 5 years for patients older than 60), having history of MDR-TB treatment (OR: 5.65), sputum smear grade scanty and 1+ (OR: 1.48), smear grade 2+ or 3+ (OR: 2.07), low BMI (OR: 0.84 for every increase of 1kg/m2 of BMI for patients with BMI<21).

Conclusion

Our study describes the increasing burden of MDR-TB in HCMC and the need for better drug resistance screening for all TB patients. Patients with HIV, high smear grade, malnutrition and history of previous MDR-TB treatment should receive additional care.
Spatial Distribution of Ascariasis, Trichuriasis and Hookworm Infections in Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Mogaji Hammed , Dedeke Gabriel Adewunmi , Bada Babatunde Saheed , Bankole Samuel O. , Adeniji Adejuwon , Fagbenro Mariam Tobi , Omitola Olaitan Olamide , Oluwole Akinola Stephen , Odoemene Nnayere Simon , Ekpo Uwem Friday
Published: July 2019

Background

Ascariasis, Trichuriasis and Hookworm infections poses a considerable public health burden in Sub-Saharan Africa, and a sound understanding of their spatial distribution facilitates to better target control interventions. This study, therefore, assessed the prevalence of the trio, and mapped their spatial distribution in the 20 administrative regions of Ogun State, Nigeria.
Methods

Parasitological surveys were carried out in 1,499 households across 33 spatially selected communities. Fresh stool samples were collected from 1,027 consenting participants and processed using ether concentration method. Households were georeferenced using a GPS device while demographic data were obtained using a standardized form. Data were analysed using SPSS software and visualizations and plotting maps were made in ArcGIS software.

Results

Findings showed that 19 of the 20 regions were endemic for one or more kind of the three infections, with an aggregated prevalence of 17.2%. Ascariasis was the most spatially distributed found in 28 communities, with 140(13.6%) infected subjects, followed by Hookworm infection in 19 communities, with 47(4.6%) infected subjects and Trichuriasis in 9 communities, with 17(1.7%) infected subjects. The spatial distribution of infections ranges between 5.3 – 49.2% across the regions. The highest and lowest distribution was recorded in Yewa South and Yewa North respectively. By WHO preventive chemotherapy thresholds, 9 regions had infection status between 20.0%-49.2%, while 10 regions had infection status between 5.3%-15.8%.

Conclusion

This study provides information on the prevalence and spatial risk of Ascariasis, Trichuriasis and Hookworm infection that will serve as decision-support tool to help facilitate targeting of control interventions.