bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Courage, camaraderie and compassion: a qualitative exploration into UK military veterans’ experiences of self-compassion within the context of alcohol use disorders and recovery
Authors: Barrington Lisa Jane , Bland A R , Keenan J
Published: July 2023

Introduction

UK veterans are at increased risk of mental health and alcohol use disorders (AUDs), experiencing specific challenges such as combat exposure and re-integration which may contribute to treatment barriers. Experiences of shame and AUDs, which may precede or become exacerbated during military service, may be mitigated by self-compassion (SC). This study sought to understand how UK veterans make sense of their SC experiences within the context of their relationships with alcohol and recovery.

Methods

Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to interpret the SC experiences of five ex-military veterans (one female). Semistructured face-to-face interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, with a double hermeneutic approach used to interpret meaningful issues which influenced participants’ self-perceptions in relation to their alcohol use and wider social world.

Results

Two key themes were identified. ‘Searching for Safety’, which illustrated veterans’ SC sense-making within the context of their evolving lifeworld and alcohol use, and ‘Healing with Honour’ which reflected the significance of purpose and identity within experiences of recovery and SC. Findings were interpreted through the lens of the six bipolar elements of SC, which identified SC as salient within veterans’ experiences of AUD and recovery. Although experiences of SC were sometimes perceived as challenging or incongruent to military identity, this was influenced by positive reframing and meaning-making, supported by compassionate narratives and informed trusted relationships.

Conclusions

Veterans’ AUD recovery and support-seeking may be impacted by the experience of SC and enhanced by the early implementation of acceptable and feasible interventions which draw on veterans’ unique military identities and experience. This may include compassion-focussed interventions which reframe SC as fierce SC, peer support models and educational strategies which support healthcare professionals to understand and identify veterans’ military experiences.
The Principles of Data-Centric AI
Authors: Jarrahi Mohammad Hossein , Memariani Ali , Guha Shion
Published: July 2023

Uniting data-centric perspectives and concepts to trace the foundations of DCAI.
More Than Just Algorithms
Authors: Norvig Peter , Spector Alfred , Wiggins Chris , Wing Jeannette M. , Fried Ben , Tingley Michael
Published: July 2023

A discussion with Alfred Spector, Peter Norvig, Chris Wiggins, Jeannette Wing, Ben Fried, and Michael Tingley.
3D Modeling Draws on AI
Authors: Greengard Samuel
Published: July 2023

Artificial intelligence can unlock speed and quality improvements in three-dimensional graphics.
Mixed Abilities and Varied Experiences: A Group Autoethnography of a Virtual Summer Internship
Authors: Mack Kelly , Das Maitraye , Jain Dhruv , Bragg Danielle , Tang John , Begel Andrew , Beneteau Erin , Davis Josh Urban , Glasser Abraham , Park Joon Sung , Potluri Venkatesh
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic forced many people to convert their daily work lives to a "virtual" format, in which they connected remotely from home. In this new, virtual environment, accessibility barriers changed, in some respects for the better (e.g., more flexibility) and in other aspects, for the worse (e.g., problems including American Sign Language interpreters over video calls). Microsoft Research held its first cohort of all virtual interns in 2020. We, the interns, full-time members, and affiliates of the Ability Team, a Microsoft research team focused on accessibility, report on our experiences navigating the challenges of working remotely. We constituted a variety of abilities, positions, and levels of seniority. Using an autoethnographic method, we provide a nuanced view of how the virtual setting affected the experiences of our mixed-ability team, the strategies we used to improve access, and areas for further improvement. We close by presenting guidelines for future virtual mixed-ability teams to improve workplace accessibility.
Voice in the Machine: Ethical Considerations for Language-Capable Robots
Authors: Williams Tom , Matuszek Cynthia , Jokinen Kristiina , Korpan Raj , Pustejovsky James , Scassellati Brian
Published: July 2023

Parsing the promise of language-capable robots.
Exploiting Functional Discourse Grammar to Enhance Complex Arabic Relation Extraction using a Hybrid Semantic Knowledge Base - Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Osman Taha , Khalil Hussein , Miltan Mohammed , Shaalan Khaled , Alfrjani Rowida
Published: July 2023

Relation extraction from unstructured Arabic text is especially challenging due to the Arabic language complex morphology and the variation in word semantics and lexical categories. The research documented in this paper presents a hybrid Semantic Knowledge base - Machine Learning (SKML) approach for extracting complex Arabic relations from unstructured Arabic documents; the proposed approach exploits the principles of Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG) to emphasise the semantic and pragmatic properties of the language and facilitate the identification of relation elements. At the initial phase, the novel FDG-SKML relation extraction approach deploys a lexical-based mechanism that utilises a purposely built domain-specific Semantic Knowledge to encode the semantic association between the identified relations’ elements. The evaluation of the initial stage evidenced improved accuracy for extracting most complex Arabic relations. The initial relation extraction mechanism was further extended by integrating its output into a Machine Learning classifier that facilitated extracting especially complex relations with significant disparity in the relation elements’ presence, order, and correlation. Using Economics as the problem domain, experimental evaluation evidenced the high accuracy of our FDG-SKML approach in complex Arabic relation extraction task and demonstrated its further improvement upon integration with machine learning classifiers.
Minimal-Overlap Centrality for Multi-Gateway Designation in Real-Time TSCH Networks
Authors: Gaitán Miguel Gutiérrez , Almeida Luís , D’orey Pedro M. , Santos Pedro M. , Watteyne Thomas
Published: July 2023

This article presents a novel centrality-driven gateway designation framework for the improved real-time performance of low-power wireless sensor networks (WSNs) at system design time. We target time-synchronized channel hopping (TSCH) WSNs with centralized network management and multiple gateways with the objective of enhancing traffic schedulability
by design
. To this aim, we propose a novel network centrality metric termed
minimal-overlap centrality
that characterizes the overall number of path overlaps between all the active flows in the network when a given node is selected as gateway. The metric is used as a gateway designation criterion to elect as a gateway the node leading to the minimal number of overlaps. The method is then extended to multiple gateways with the aid of the unsupervised learning method of
spectral clustering
. Concretely, after a given number of clusters are identified, we use the new metric at each cluster to designate as cluster gateway the node with the least overall number of overlaps. Extensive simulations with random topologies under centralized
earliest-deadline-first
(EDF) scheduling and
shortest-path
routing suggest our approach is dominant over traditional centrality metrics from social network analysis, namely,
eigenvector
,
closeness
,
betweenness
, and
degree
. Notably, our approach reduces by up to 40% the worst-case end-to-end deadline misses achieved by classical centrality-driven gateway designation methods.
Early life surfactant protein-D levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of extremely preterm neonates
Authors: De Luca Daniele , Arroyo Raquel , Foligno Silvia , Autilio Chiara , Touqui Lhousseine , Kingma Paul S.
Published: July 2023

Surfactant protein-D increases with gestational age and is inversely associated with BPD development. These results have been obtained in the first hours of life of extremely preterm neonates with optimal perinatal care.
The m6A Reader YTHDF1 Accelerates the Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Partly via Activation of the Autophagy Signaling Pathway
Authors: Gao Xiang , Wang Jian , Wang Yibo , Li Weixu , Pan Zhijun
Published: July 2023

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mRNA methylation has emerged as an important player in many biological processes by regulating gene expression. As a crucial reader, YTHDF1 usually improves the translation efficiency of its target mRNAs. However, its roles in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we reported that YTHDF1, an m6A reader, is highly expressed during osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Upregulation of YTHDF1 increased osteogenic differentiation and proliferation capacity of BMSCs. Accordingly, downregulation of YTHDF1 inhibited osteogenic differentiation and proliferation capacity. Possible underlying mechanisms were explored, and analysis revealed that YTHDF1 could affect autophagy levels, thus regulating osteogenesis of BMSCs. In an in vivo study, we found that upregulation of YTHDF1 accelerates fracture healing with elevated bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness. Taken together, our study revealed that m6A reader YTHDF1 accelerates osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs partly via the autophagy signaling pathway. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism involved in the regulation of BMSCs osteogenesis, providing new ideas and target sites for the treatment of fracture.
A Novel Drug-Drug Salt of Naproxen and Vortioxetine: Synthesis, Characterization, and Solubility Study
Authors: Zhang Xianrui , Gao Yuting
Published: July 2023

Naproxen (NAP) is an aromatic propionic acid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and vortioxetine (VOT) is a novel antidepressant drug. In this study, a new 1 : 1 drug-drug salt of NAP and VOT (namely, NAP-VOT) was designed and synthesized by liquid-assisted grinding and slow evaporation. The obtained salt was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Single-crystal structure showed that NAP-VOT is a molecular salt. The NAP and VOT molecules in the salt were connected by N-H+⋯O hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl oxygen of NAP and the piperazine group of VOT. In addition, solubility and dissolution rate experiments were performed in water and pH 6.86 phosphate buffers, and the result suggested that salt formation could increase the solubility and dissolution rate of NAP and VOT in water. Furthermore, this study provides a new research idea to solve the problem of drug-drug combination by achieving drug-drug association at the molecular level.
Fish Productivity Response to Water Quality Variations: A Case Study of Nyumba ya Mungu Dam, in Pangani Water Basin, Tanzania
Authors: Mangi Halima O. , Onywere Simon M. , Kitur Esther C.
Published: July 2023

Fish habitat degradation, such as water pollution due to the rapid expansion of incompatible land uses, is one of the noteworthy challenges to freshwater ecosystems. Elevated contents of nutrients and contaminants in water are some of the imperative challenges. This research was conducted to investigate the link between water qualities and fish productivity in the Nyumba ya Mungu Dam, whose fishery potential had decreased by 95% between 1972 and 2018. Physicοchemical characteristics, namely, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll a, and the water depth of fishing net location, were assessed following standard procedure. Fish catches per unit effort representing fish biomass/productivity were monitored for twelve months from January to December 2019. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that fish catch per unit effort was positively and significantly correlated with turbidity (r = 0.461,

P

 < 0.01) and TP (r = 0.405,

P

 < 0.01). Stepwise multiple regression model results indicated that turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and the depth of the fishing net location are the statistically significant predictors of fish catch per unit effort which represented fish biomass. Findings further indicated that the model combining turbidity and dissolved oxygen predicted a 24% change in fish catch per unit effort, whereas turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and the depth of fishing net location contributed a 28.9% change in fish catch per unit effort. In conclusion, fish productivity in the NMD is limited by organic matter availability and nutrient levels that cause algae bloom occurrence. Turbidity is an indicator of organic matter availability and the effect of algae bloom on fish productivity. Inflow of nutrients to the dam nourishes the algae biomass, thus creating vicious cycles on fish productivity as fish species in the dam failed to take advantage of high primary production by algae.
Safety Evaluation of the Polyherbal Formulation NawaTab: Acute and Subacute Oral Toxicity Studies in Rats
Authors: Niyomchan Apichaya , Chatgat Wasapon , Chatawatee Bodin , Keereekoch Thaweeporn , Issuriya Acharaporn , Jaisamut Patcharawalai , Chusri Sasitorn , Kunworarath Nongluk
Published: July 2023

NawaTab is a tablet formulation developed from the Nawametho polyherbal formula used in Surat Thani province, Southern Thailand, for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. This study aims at evaluating the acute and subacute toxicity of NawaTab in rats. In the acute toxicity study, NawaTab was evaluated in female rats following the OECD Guideline No. 423. In the subacute toxicity study, NawaTab was tested in both male and female rats following the OECD Guideline No. 407. In the acute toxicity study, no lethal effects or toxic signs were observed during the duration of the study. In the subacute toxicity study, there was no mortality and no abnormality in clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, relative organ weight, and hematological parameters of NawaTab‐treated rats. Significantly increased water consumption by male rats (500 mg/kg BW) and female rats (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg BW) was observed. In addition, globulin and total cholesterol of female rats (1000 mg/kg BW) significantly increased. These alterations were within normal physiological ranges. Moreover, necropsy and histopathological findings of NawaTab‐treated rats demonstrated no obvious alterations attributable to NawaTab administration. The present study revealed that NawaTab has no significant acute oral toxicological effects. The lethal dose with a 50% mortality rate (LD50) was higher than 5000 mg/kg BW in rats. The subacute oral administration of NawaTab for 28 days did not have any major toxicological effects. Based on this study, NawaTab could be safe to use with caution pending its chronic toxicity study.
Prediagnostic Prescription Antibiotics Use and Survival in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Swedish National Register-Based Study
Authors: Lu Sai San Moon , Rutegård Martin , Ahmed Maghfoor , Häggström Christel , Gylfe Åsa , Harlid Sophia , Van Guelpen Bethany
Published: July 2023

Background:

Antibiotics use is associated with higher colorectal cancer risk, but little is known regarding any potential effects on survival.

Methods:

We conducted a nationwide cohort study, using complete-population data from Swedish national registers between 2005 and 2020, to investigate prediagnostic prescription antibiotics use in relation to survival in colorectal cancer patients.

Results:

We identified 36,061 stage I–III and 11,242 stage IV colorectal cancer cases diagnosed between 2010 and 2019. For stage I–III, any antibiotics use (binary yes/no variable) was not associated with overall or cancer-specific survival. Compared with no use, moderate antibiotics use (total 11–60 days) was associated with slightly better cancer-specific survival [adjusted HR (aHR) = 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.86–0.99)], whereas very high use (>180 days) was associated with worse survival [overall survival (OS) aHR = 1.42; 95% CI, 1.26–1.60, cancer-specific survival aHR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.10–1.55]. In analyses by different antibiotic types, although not statistically significant, worse survival outcomes were generally observed across several antibiotics, particularly macrolides and/or lincosamides. In stage IV colorectal cancer, inverse relationships between antibiotics use and survival were noted.

Conclusions:

Overall, our findings do not support any substantial detrimental effects of prediagnostic prescription antibiotics use on cancer-specific survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis, with the possible exception of very high use in stage I–III colorectal cancer. Further investigation is warranted to confirm and understand these results.

Impact:

Although the study findings require confirmation, physicians probably do not need to factor in prediagnostic prescription antibiotics use in prognosticating patients with colorectal cancer.
Supplementary Table S2 from CDK4/6-MEK Inhibition in MPNSTs Causes Plasma Cell Infiltration, Sensitization to PD-L1 Blockade, and Tumor Regression
Authors: Kohlmeyer Jordan L. , Lingo Joshua J. , Kaemmer Courtney A. , Scherer Amanda , Warrier Akshaya , Voigt Ellen , Raygoza Garay Juan A. , McGivney Gavin R. , Brockman Qierra R. , Tang Amy , Calizo Ana , Pollard Kai , Zhang Xiaochun , Hirbe Angela C. , Pratilas Christine A. , Leidinger Mariah , Breheny Patrick , Chimenti Michael S. , Sieren Jessica C. , Monga Varun , Tanas Munir R. , Meyerholz David K. , Darbro Benjamin W. , Dodd Rebecca D. , Quelle Dawn E.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Table S2. Antibodies and dyes used for immunophenotyping by flow cytometry.
Data from CDK4/6-MEK Inhibition in MPNSTs Causes Plasma Cell Infiltration, Sensitization to PD-L1 Blockade, and Tumor Regression
Authors: Kohlmeyer Jordan L. , Lingo Joshua J. , Kaemmer Courtney A. , Scherer Amanda , Warrier Akshaya , Voigt Ellen , Raygoza Garay Juan A. , McGivney Gavin R. , Brockman Qierra R. , Tang Amy , Calizo Ana , Pollard Kai , Zhang Xiaochun , Hirbe Angela C. , Pratilas Christine A. , Leidinger Mariah , Breheny Patrick , Chimenti Michael S. , Sieren Jessica C. , Monga Varun , Tanas Munir R. , Meyerholz David K. , Darbro Benjamin W. , Dodd Rebecca D. , Quelle Dawn E.
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurpose:
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are lethal, Ras-driven sarcomas that lack effective therapies. We investigated effects of targeting cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6), MEK, and/or programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in preclinical MPNST models.
Experimental Design:
Patient-matched MPNSTs and precursor lesions were examined by FISH, RNA sequencing, IHC, and Connectivity-Map analyses. Antitumor activity of CDK4/6 and MEK inhibitors was measured in MPNST cell lines, patient-derived xenografts (PDX), and de novo mouse MPNSTs, with the latter used to determine anti–PD-L1 response.
Results:
Patient tumor analyses identified CDK4/6 and MEK as actionable targets for MPNST therapy. Low-dose combinations of CDK4/6 and MEK inhibitors synergistically reactivated the retinoblastoma (RB1) tumor suppressor, induced cell death, and decreased clonogenic survival of MPNST cells. In immune-deficient mice, dual CDK4/6-MEK inhibition slowed tumor growth in 4 of 5 MPNST PDXs. In immunocompetent mice, combination therapy of de novo MPNSTs caused tumor regression, delayed resistant tumor outgrowth, and improved survival relative to monotherapies. Drug-sensitive tumors that regressed contained plasma cells and increased cytotoxic T cells, whereas drug-resistant tumors adopted an immunosuppressive microenvironment with elevated MHC II-low macrophages and increased tumor cell PD-L1 expression. Excitingly, CDK4/6-MEK inhibition sensitized MPNSTs to anti–PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) with some mice showing complete tumor regression.
Conclusions:
CDK4/6-MEK inhibition induces a novel plasma cell-associated immune response and extended antitumor activity in MPNSTs, which dramatically enhances anti–PD-L1 therapy. These preclinical findings provide strong rationale for clinical translation of CDK4/6-MEK-ICB targeted therapies in MPNST as they may yield sustained antitumor responses and improved patient outcomes.
Data from Trackable Intratumor Microdosing and Spatial Profiling Provide Early Insights into Activity of Investigational Agents in the Intact Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Derry Jonathan M.J. , Burns Connor , Frazier Jason P. , Beirne Emily , Grenley Marc , DuFort Christopher C. , Killingbeck Emily , Leon Michael , Williams Claire , Gregory Mark , Houlton Jeffrey , Clayburgh Daniel , Swiecicki Paul , Huszar Dennis , Berger Allison , Klinghoffer Richard A.
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurpose:
Cancer drug development is currently limited by a paradigm of preclinical evaluation that does not adequately recapitulate the complexity of the intact human tumor microenvironment (TME). To overcome this, we combined trackable intratumor microdosing (CIVO) with spatial biology readouts to directly assess drug effects in patient tumors in situ.
Experimental design:
In a first-of-its-kind phase 0 clinical trial, we explored the effects of an investigational stage SUMOylation-activating enzyme (SAE) inhibitor, subasumstat (TAK-981) in 12 patients with head and neck carcinoma (HNC). Patients scheduled for tumor resection received percutaneous intratumor injections of subasumstat and vehicle control 1 to 4 days before surgery, resulting in spatially localized and graded regions of drug exposure (∼1,000–2,000 μm in diameter). Drug-exposed (n = 214) and unexposed regions (n = 140) were compared by GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler, with evaluation at single-cell resolution in a subset of these by CosMx Spatial Molecular Imager.
Results:
Localized regions of subasumstat exposure revealed SUMO pathway inhibition, elevation of type I IFN response, and inhibition of cell cycle across all tumor samples. Single-cell analysis by CosMx demonstrated cell-cycle inhibition specific to the tumor epithelium, and IFN pathway induction commensurate with a TME shift from immune-suppressive to immune-permissive.
Conclusions:
Pairing CIVO with spatial profiling enabled detailed investigation of response to subasumstat across a diverse sampling of native and intact TME. We demonstrate that drug mechanism of action can be directly evaluated in a spatially precise manner in the most translationally relevant setting: an in situ human tumor.
ILUSTRO: Phase II Multicohort Trial of Zolbetuximab in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Claudin 18.2–Positive Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Klempner Samuel J. , Lee Keun-Wook , Shitara Kohei , Metges Jean-Phillippe , Lonardi Sara , Ilson David H. , Fazio Nicola , Kim Tae Yong , Bai Li-Yuan , Moran Diarmuid , Yang Jianning , Arozullah Ahsan , Park Jung Wook , Raizer Jeffrey J. , Bang Yung-Jue , Shah Manish A.
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

Zolbetuximab, an IgG1 monoclonal antibody, binds to claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) and mediates tumor cell death through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. We sought to examine zolbetuximab combinations in CLDN18.2-positive HER2-negative gastric/gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma.

Patients and Methods:

This phase II study assessed efficacy and safety of zolbetuximab, alone or with modified FOLFOX6 (mFOLFOX6) or pembrolizumab, in CLDN18.2-positive advanced/metastatic G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. Patients received zolbetuximab as monotherapy in third/later-line (Cohort 1A, n = 30), with mFOLFOX6 in first-line (Cohort 2, n = 21), or with pembrolizumab in third/later-line (Cohort 3A, n = 3) treatment. The primary endpoint for Cohort 1A was objective response rate (ORR). Key secondary endpoints were ORR (Cohorts 2 and 3A), overall survival (OS; Cohort 1A), and progression-free survival (PFS) and safety (all cohorts).

Results:

ORR was 0% in Cohorts 1A and 3A, and 71.4% [95% confidence interval (CI), 47.82–88.72] in Cohort 2. Median PFS was 1.54 months (95% CI, 1.31–2.56) in Cohort 1A, 2.96 months (95% CI, 1.48–4.44) in Cohort 3A, and 17.8 months (95% CI, 8.05–25.69) in Cohort 2. Median OS in Cohort 1A was 5.62 months (95% CI, 2.27–11.53). Gastrointestinal adverse events occurred across cohorts [nausea, 63%–90% (grade ≥ 3, 4.8%–6.7%) and vomiting, 33%–67% (grade ≥ 3, 6.7%–9.5%)].

Conclusions:

Zolbetuximab plus mFOLFOX6 demonstrated promising efficacy in previously untreated patients with CLDN18.2-positive G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. These data support the first-line development of zolbetuximab in patients whose tumors are CLDN18.2-positive. Across cohorts, zolbetuximab treatment was tolerable with no new safety signals.
Data from CCRL2 Expression by Specialized Lung Capillary Endothelial Cells Controls NK-cell Homing in Lung Cancer
Authors: Sozio Francesca , Schioppa Tiziana , Laffranchi Mattia , Salvi Valentina , Tamassia Nicola , Bianchetto-Aguilera Francisco M. , Tiberio Laura , Bonecchi Raffaella , Bosisio Daniela , Parmentier Marc , Bottazzi Barbara , Leone Roberto , Russo Eleonora , Bernardini Giovanni , Garofalo Stefano , Limatola Cristina , Gismondi Angela , Sciumè Giuseppe , Mantovani Alberto , Del Prete Annalisa , Sozzani Silvano
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Patterns of receptors for chemotactic factors regulate the homing of leukocytes to tissues. Here we report that the CCRL2/chemerin/CMKLR1 axis represents a selective pathway for the homing of natural killer (NK) cells to the lung. C–C motif chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2) is a nonsignaling seven-transmembrane domain receptor able to control lung tumor growth. CCRL2 constitutive or conditional endothelial cell targeted ablation, or deletion of its ligand chemerin, were found to promote tumor progression in a Kras/p53Flox lung cancer cell model. This phenotype was dependent on the reduced recruitment of CD27– CD11b+ mature NK cells. Other chemotactic receptors identified in lung-infiltrating NK cells by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), such as Cxcr3, Cx3cr1, and S1pr5, were found to be dispensable in the regulation of NK-cell infiltration of the lung and lung tumor growth. scRNA-seq identified CCRL2 as the hallmark of general alveolar lung capillary endothelial cells. CCRL2 expression was epigenetically regulated in lung endothelium and it was upregulated by the demethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza). In vivo administration of low doses of 5-Aza induced CCRL2 upregulation, increased recruitment of NK cells, and reduced lung tumor growth. These results identify CCRL2 as an NK-cell lung homing molecule that has the potential to be exploited to promote NK cell–mediated lung immune surveillance.
Supplementary Table S5 from Validation of Immunotherapy Response Score as Predictive of Pan-solid Tumor Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Benefit
Authors: Bulen Benjamin J. , Khazanov Nickolay A. , Hovelson Daniel H. , Lamb Laura E. , Matrana Marc , Burkard Mark E. , Yang Eddy Shih-Hsin , Edenfield William J. , Claire Dees Elizabeth , Onitilo Adedayo A. , Buchschacher Gary L. , Miller Alan M. , Parsons Benjamin M. , Wassenaar Timothy R. , Suga Jennifer M. , Siegel Robert D. , Irvin William , Nair Suresh , Slim Jennifer N. , Misleh Jamal , Khatri Jamil , Masters Gregory A. , Thomas Sachdev , Safa Malek M. , Anderson Daniel M. , Mowers Jonathan , Dusenbery Anna C. , Drewery Stephanie , Plouffe Komal , Reeder Travis , Vakil Hana , Patrias Lynnae , Falzetta Amanda , Hamilton Ryan , Kwiatkowski Kat , Johnson D. Bryan , Rhodes Daniel R. , Tomlins Scott A.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Table S5 shows rates of rwPFS2/rwPFS1 in the case cross-over analysis
Supplementary Table S1 from Validation of Immunotherapy Response Score as Predictive of Pan-solid Tumor Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Benefit
Authors: Bulen Benjamin J. , Khazanov Nickolay A. , Hovelson Daniel H. , Lamb Laura E. , Matrana Marc , Burkard Mark E. , Yang Eddy Shih-Hsin , Edenfield William J. , Claire Dees Elizabeth , Onitilo Adedayo A. , Buchschacher Gary L. , Miller Alan M. , Parsons Benjamin M. , Wassenaar Timothy R. , Suga Jennifer M. , Siegel Robert D. , Irvin William , Nair Suresh , Slim Jennifer N. , Misleh Jamal , Khatri Jamil , Masters Gregory A. , Thomas Sachdev , Safa Malek M. , Anderson Daniel M. , Mowers Jonathan , Dusenbery Anna C. , Drewery Stephanie , Plouffe Komal , Reeder Travis , Vakil Hana , Patrias Lynnae , Falzetta Amanda , Hamilton Ryan , Kwiatkowski Kat , Johnson D. Bryan , Rhodes Daniel R. , Tomlins Scott A.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Table S1 shows the characteristics of the anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy cohort
Supplementary Methods S1 from Validation of Immunotherapy Response Score as Predictive of Pan-solid Tumor Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Benefit
Authors: Bulen Benjamin J. , Khazanov Nickolay A. , Hovelson Daniel H. , Lamb Laura E. , Matrana Marc , Burkard Mark E. , Yang Eddy Shih-Hsin , Edenfield William J. , Claire Dees Elizabeth , Onitilo Adedayo A. , Buchschacher Gary L. , Miller Alan M. , Parsons Benjamin M. , Wassenaar Timothy R. , Suga Jennifer M. , Siegel Robert D. , Irvin William , Nair Suresh , Slim Jennifer N. , Misleh Jamal , Khatri Jamil , Masters Gregory A. , Thomas Sachdev , Safa Malek M. , Anderson Daniel M. , Mowers Jonathan , Dusenbery Anna C. , Drewery Stephanie , Plouffe Komal , Reeder Travis , Vakil Hana , Patrias Lynnae , Falzetta Amanda , Hamilton Ryan , Kwiatkowski Kat , Johnson D. Bryan , Rhodes Daniel R. , Tomlins Scott A.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Methods S1 shows the additional methods and references supporting the main manuscript
Supplementary Figure S6 from Validation of Immunotherapy Response Score as Predictive of Pan-solid Tumor Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Benefit
Authors: Bulen Benjamin J. , Khazanov Nickolay A. , Hovelson Daniel H. , Lamb Laura E. , Matrana Marc , Burkard Mark E. , Yang Eddy Shih-Hsin , Edenfield William J. , Claire Dees Elizabeth , Onitilo Adedayo A. , Buchschacher Gary L. , Miller Alan M. , Parsons Benjamin M. , Wassenaar Timothy R. , Suga Jennifer M. , Siegel Robert D. , Irvin William , Nair Suresh , Slim Jennifer N. , Misleh Jamal , Khatri Jamil , Masters Gregory A. , Thomas Sachdev , Safa Malek M. , Anderson Daniel M. , Mowers Jonathan , Dusenbery Anna C. , Drewery Stephanie , Plouffe Komal , Reeder Travis , Vakil Hana , Patrias Lynnae , Falzetta Amanda , Hamilton Ryan , Kwiatkowski Kat , Johnson D. Bryan , Rhodes Daniel R. , Tomlins Scott A.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Figure S6 shows three group Immunotherapy Response Score classification of the anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy validation cohort
Supplementary Figure S5 from Validation of Immunotherapy Response Score as Predictive of Pan-solid Tumor Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Benefit
Authors: Bulen Benjamin J. , Khazanov Nickolay A. , Hovelson Daniel H. , Lamb Laura E. , Matrana Marc , Burkard Mark E. , Yang Eddy Shih-Hsin , Edenfield William J. , Claire Dees Elizabeth , Onitilo Adedayo A. , Buchschacher Gary L. , Miller Alan M. , Parsons Benjamin M. , Wassenaar Timothy R. , Suga Jennifer M. , Siegel Robert D. , Irvin William , Nair Suresh , Slim Jennifer N. , Misleh Jamal , Khatri Jamil , Masters Gregory A. , Thomas Sachdev , Safa Malek M. , Anderson Daniel M. , Mowers Jonathan , Dusenbery Anna C. , Drewery Stephanie , Plouffe Komal , Reeder Travis , Vakil Hana , Patrias Lynnae , Falzetta Amanda , Hamilton Ryan , Kwiatkowski Kat , Johnson D. Bryan , Rhodes Daniel R. , Tomlins Scott A.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Figure S5 shows robustness of Immunotherapy Response Score to self-reported race
An intelligent converter and controller for electric vehicle drives utilizing grid and stand-alone solar photovoltaic power generation systems
Authors: Reddy G. Saikiran , Premkumar M. , Ravi Suraj , Abualigah Laith
Published: July 2023

In this study, a battery energy management system for electric vehicle (EV) applications is proposed with a standalone photovoltaic (PV) source and controlled based on the availability of grid, PV source, load consumption, and energy stored in the battery. This paper proposes a single-ended primary-inductance converter (SEPIC) DC-DC converter for charging the battery through the utility and PV source that provides good load regulation. The bidirectional nature of the proposed DC-DC converter provides the charging and discharging of the EV battery in the succeeding modes of operation, i) grid-tied charging, ii) PV-tied charging, iii) discharging to the load in the absence of utility and PV source, and iv) regenerative braking. An improved perturb and observe-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is proposed to track the maximum power from the PV source. In addition, to handle the four modes of operation, a dedicated controller is also proposed. Firstly, the proposed system is validated using MATLAB/Simulink software by considering different operating conditions, and the performance is compared with the traditional MPPT algorithms. Finally, the effectiveness of the suggested system is validated through an experimental prototype. The result proved the superiority of the converter and controller over the traditional systems.
 
Reliability improvement of power systems using shunt reactive compensation and distributed generation
Authors: Mahmoud Mohammad , Faza Ayman
Published: July 2023

Due to the increased demand on electric power, power systems have become highly stressed. This has caused the frequent occurrence of cascading failures, where the failure of one line leads to a series of failures causing a system blackout. Adding high speed control of different electrical parameters of the power system can help improve the reliability of the power system and relieve some of that stress. In this research, the effects of adding static VAR compensators (SVCs) and distributed generation units has been studied from a reliability perspective. Since installing this equipment can be expensive, an algorithm has been developed to obtain the optimal bus location to install such devices, such that reliability is improved. Furthermore, Monte Carlo simulation is used to provide a measure for the improvement in system reliability in the presence of transmission line failures. Results show that injecting real and reactive power generally improves system reliability. However, increasing the amount of injection and increasing the number of buses injected to indefinitely does not necessarily enhance the reliability of the system any further. As such, caution must be exercised when deploying SVCs or distributed generation sources when the goal is to improve system reliability.
Reactive power control of solar photovoltaic inverters for grid code compliance support
Authors: Zainuddin Muammar , Surusa Frengki Eka Putra , Asri Muhammad , Mokoagow Aprian
Published: July 2023

The compensation of reactive power in smart inverters is one solution to address the issue of voltage violations in the distribution network due to the penetration of solar photovoltaic power generation. However, options for reactive power control are limited during variations in irradiation and daily load on the feeder. This study aims to investigate the performance difference between four reactive power control techniques including Q(V) control, Q(P) control, fixed Q-Var, and fixed power factor (PF) available in smart inverters to reduce voltage violations due to PV integration and comply with the grid-code. Three-phase balanced power flow was simulated in a medium voltage distribution network (MVDN) considering the reactive power control mode of the inverter under variations in solar radiation and daily load. The results showed that the Q(V) control was more effective in improving distribution feeder voltage than other techniques and showed its compliance with the grid-code. The limiting setting point for var injection or power factor limit should be proportional to the daily grid load profile.
A 3D model of three phase shunt reactors by using a finite element technique with coupling to global quantities
Authors: Duc Hung Bui , Minh Tu Pham , Thanh Bao Doan , Nguyen Duc-Quang , Quoc Vuong Dang
Published: July 2023

The finite element technique is used widely for researchers and manufacturers to design and simulate electrical systems in general and electrical machines such as shunt reactors (SRs) and transformers in particular. Many papers have recently applied several methods to analyze magnetic fields, copper losses and joule power losses in the shunt reactors (SRs). In this research, the finite element technique with coupling to global quantities is proposed to investigate the voltage and current distributions in the windings, and compute the distribution of magnetic field in the air gap and along the air core of the SR, as well as copper and core losses. The developed method is directly applied to the practical SR of 91 MVAr and a rated voltage of 500 kV. The finite element method (FEM)-simulated results are validated with experimental results to ensure accuracy and reliability. This facilitate designing the reactor.
Adaptive plasticity in anuran metamorphosis: response of tadpoles of Polypedates maculatus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) to pond drying
Authors: Mogali Santosh M. , Shanbhag Bhagyashri A. , Saidapur Srinivas K.
Published: July 2023

The influence of desiccation on metamorphic traits (larval duration and size at emergence) was studied in Polypedates maculatus under laboratory conditions. Gosner Stage 23 tadpoles were exposed to decreasing water levels (gradual or rapid) until the beginning of metamorphic climax (Stage 42). A control group was reared in constant water levels. Tadpoles reared in decreasing water levels reached the metamorphic climax earlier and metamorphosed at a smaller size than those reared in constant water levels. Further, tadpoles experiencing rapid depletion of water reached the metamorphic climax earlier and metamorphosed at a smaller size than those experiencing gradual depletion of water levels. Tadpoles of P. maculatus showed adaptive plasticity in metamorphosis to pond drying. Survival of tadpoles in treatments and the control was 100%. The study revealed that tadpoles of P. maculatus have plastic development in response to water levels; the trade-off between growth and development favors development, which results in early metamorphosis at a small size.
Epicardial Adipose Tissue–Derived Leptin Promotes Myocardial Injury in Metabolic Syndrome Rats Through PKC/NADPH Oxidase/ROS Pathway
Authors: Chen Hui , Liu Lei , Li Min , Zhu Danjun , Tian Gang
Published: July 2023

Background

The epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is abnormally accumulated with dysfunctional secretion of adipokines, closely relating to cardiac dysfunction. The current study was designed to identify the effects of EAT‐derived leptin on the myocardium of MetS rats and explore the potential molecular mechanisms.

Methods and Results

A MetS rat model was established in 8‐week‐old Wistar rats by a 12‐week high‐fat diet. MetS rats exhibited increased leptin secretion from EAT, cardiac hypertrophy, and diastolic dysfunction with preserved systolic function. The myocardium of MetS rats had abnormal structure, increased oxidative stress injury, and higher inflammatory factor levels, especially the subepicardial myocardium, which was correlated with the EAT‐derived leptin level but not the serum leptin. The EAT was separated from each group of rats to prepare EAT‐conditioned medium. H9C2 rat cardiomyoblasts were treated with EAT‐conditioned medium or leptin, plus various inhibitors. EAT‐derived leptin from MetS rats promoted mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction, induced mitochondrial pathway apoptosis, and inhibited cell viability in H9C2 cardiomyoblasts via the protein kinase C/reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase/reactive oxygen species (PKC/NADPH oxidase/ROS) pathway. EAT‐derived leptin from MetS rats stimulated inflammation in H9C2 cardiomyocytes by promoting activator protein 1 nuclear translocation via the PKC/NADPH oxidase/ROS pathway. Leptin promoted the interaction between p‐p47
phox
and gp91
phox
in H9C2 cardiomyocytes via protein kinase C, activating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, increasing reactive oxygen species generation, and inhibiting cell viability.

Conclusions

EAT‐derived leptin induces MetS‐related myocardial injury through the following 2 cooperative ways via PKC/NADPH oxidase/ROS pathway: (1) inducing mitochondrial pathway apoptosis by promoting mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction; and (2) stimulating inflammation by promoting activator protein 1 nuclear translocation.
Standardization of Apolipoprotein B, LDL‐Cholesterol, and Non‐HDL‐Cholesterol
Authors: Contois John H. , Langlois Michel R. , Cobbaert Christa , Sniderman Allan D.
Published: July 2023

Concern continues about whether the measurement of apolipoprotein B (apoB) is adequately standardized, and therefore, whether apoB should be applied widely in clinical care. This concern is misplaced. Our objective is to explain why and what the term “standardization” means. To produce clinically valid results, a test must accurately, precisely, and selectively measure the marker of interest. That is, it must be standardized. Accuracy refers to how closely the result obtained with 1 method corresponds to the result obtained with the standard method, precision to how reproducible the result is on repeated testing, and selectivity to how susceptible the method is to error by inclusion of other classes of lipoprotein particles. Multiple expert groups have determined that the measurement of apoB is adequately standardized for clinical care, and that apoB can be measured inexpensively, using widely available automated methods, more accurately, precisely, and selectively than low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol or non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. ApoB is a standard superior to low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol because it is a defined molecule, whereas the cholesterol markers are the mass of cholesterol within lipoprotein particles defined by their density, not by their molecular structure. Nevertheless, the standardization of apoB is being further improved by the application of mass spectrophotometric methods, whereas the limitations in the standardization and, therefore, the accurate, precise, and selective measurement of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol are unlikely to be overcome. We submit that greater accuracy, precision, and selectivity in measurement is a decisive advantage for apoB in the modern era of intensive lipid‐lowering therapies.
From Gender-Blind to Gender Bind: Foregrounding Gender in the History of the UNFCCC
Authors: Flavell Joanna
Published: July 2023

In this article, I argue that the Women and Gender Constituency (WGC) in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has been remarkable in its efforts to mainstream gender in the Convention. The WGC has been at the forefront of the fight to embed a gender perspective into global climate change politics and has been the driving force for the UNFCCC’s progression from gender-blind in 1992 to a Gender Action Plan in 2017. Through an intersectional framework, I demonstrate that foregrounding gender as a political issue and feminist activism in the history of the UNFCCC makes visible a tricky strategic bind whereby an “insider” approach to influencing the negotiations has meant that while women–environment links are firmly embedded in UNFCCC discourse, gender–environment links are less well received. Understanding this strategic bind faced by feminist climate activists is important politically, to advance feminist arguments in global climate governance.
The Longue Durée of International Environmental Norm Change: Global Environmental Politics Meets the English School of International Relations
Authors: Falkner Robert
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this article is to introduce English School (ES) theory to the study of global environmental politics (GEP). The ES is an established theoretical tradition in the discipline of international relations (IR) but is not widely known, let alone used, in GEP. My aim is to overcome this state of neglect and suggest ways in which ES theory can enrich the study of international environmental affairs. I argue that ES theory makes at least two major contributions to the study of global environmental politics: first, it helps counterbalance the presentist focus in GEP scholarship, shifting our attention toward long-term historical patterns of normative change, and second, by distinguishing between different levels of international change, it opens up an analytical focus on environmentalism as a part of the international normative structure. In doing so, ES theory directs our attention to the interaction and mutual shaping between environmentalism and other fundamental norms of international society.
The Negede Woyto Minority Group in a Historical Perspective
Authors: Getahun Binayew Tamrat
Published: July 2023

Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries, inhabited by different ethnic and cultural groups. One of the minority groups in the nation, the Negede Woyto of the Lake Tana Catchment Area, has been marginalised in terms of various aspects. Besides reconstructing the history of this minority group, this article strives to investigate the changes and continuities in the social, economic, and political lives of the minority group from a historical perspective. To this end, both primary and secondary sources were collected and used. Based on the analysis, the study found that communal life, low social capital, marginalisation, conflict of values, a lack of institutions that protect minorities, low political participation, and a lack of secure means of survival are identified as the main causes for the majority of the Negede Woyto Community to lead a life as subhuman with (in) dignity and chronic poverty.
The Paris Salon des Médecins (1909–1939): Amateur Art and Professional Culture
Authors: Viraben Hadrien
Published: July 2023

This article presents the initial results of a research project on the history of physician-artists in the twentieth century, at the intersection between the history of amateur art and the history of the medical profession. In 1909, the Paris “Salon des médecins” (Physicians’ Salon) was created, following in the footsteps of other so-called “corporative” amateur art exhibitions dedicated to particular professional groups. The Salon’s activities also played a role in debates about the physician’s professional identity, especially regarding the role of the humanities and the arts in medical training and practice. This article retraces the history of the Salon des médecins, from its inception through to the rise of “medical humanism” in 1930s France. After outlining the context in which the Salon was founded, the article firstly analyses the social group constituted by the exhibitors, examining, on the one hand, its representativeness within the field of health professionals, and on the other, its representations of the physician-artist as the new face of the humanist doctor. The article also explores the individual case of Raimond Sabouraud, examining the ways in which he embodied the ideal of the physician-artist and the room for manoeuvre that this ideal allowed.
Three new records of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) for the State of Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: SANTOS ARIELLY DE S. , ANDRADE DANIEL DA S. , SOUSA FRANCISCO DIOGO ROCHA , MUGNAI RICCARDO
Published: July 2023

Brazilian biodiversity is still poorly studied, especially in the northeast region of Brazil. In the state of Maranhão, the rich fauna is still under-explored in relation to the Cladocera, and this geographic area covers four biomes, which makes it an important field of research on the Cladocera community. In this work, the record of three species is reported: Dadaya macrops Sars, 1901 first record of the genus for the state, Simocephalus serrulatus (Koch, 1841) and Simocephalus latirostris (Stingelin, 1906). The work presents brief descriptions and illustrations of the morphology of the studied species.