bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Good reporting practice for thermophysical and thermochemical property measurements (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Bazyleva Ala , Abildskov Jens , Anderko Andrzej , Baudouin Olivier , Chernyak Yury , de Hemptinne Jean-Charles , Diky Vladimir , Dohrn Ralf , Elliott J. Richard , Jacquemin Johan , Jaubert Jean-Noel , Joback Kevin G. , Kattner Ursula R. , Kontogeorgis Georgios M. , Loria Herbert , Mathias Paul M. , O’Connell John P. , Schröer Wolffram , Smith G. Jeffrey , Soto Ana , Wang Shu , Weir Ronald D.
Published: February 2021

Scientific projects frequently involve measurements of thermophysical, thermochemical, and other related properties of chemical compounds and materials. These measured property data have significant potential value for the scientific community, but incomplete and inaccurate reporting often hampers their utilization. The present IUPAC Technical Report summarizes the needs of chemical engineers and researchers as consumers of these data and shows how publishing practices can improve information transfer. In the Report, general principles of Good Reporting Practice are developed together with examples illustrating typical cases of reporting issues. Adoption of these principles will improve the quality, reproducibility, and usefulness of experimental data, bring a better level of consistency to results, and increase the efficiency and impact of research. Closely related to Good Reporting Practice, basic elements of Good Research Practice are also introduced with a goal to reduce the number of ambiguities and unresolved problems within the thermophysical property data domain.
Applicability of different powder and polymer recipes in a new design powder injection molding system
Authors: Cicek Bunyamin , Sun Yavuz , Turen Yunus , Ahlatci Hayrettin
Published: February 2021

Production methods are changing day by day with the developing technology. Based on this idea, a new production logic and machine have been developed owing to polymer-supported powder injection molding (PIM). The ability of this newly designed machine (newPIM) to mold metal or ceramic powders supported by polymer binders is discussed in this study. By taking advantage of the polymer properties such as fluidity and sticking, powders are molded with a specially developed machine with high gas pressure in certain sizes. In this study, in which many parameters are processed from feedstock (FS) production to molding; metals Mg/316L and ceramics SiC/SiO2powders have been used in different powder sizes and structures. In thenewPIM process, polymers were included in four different recipes. Paraffin wax (PW), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene (PP), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) have been employed in the FS with different combinations. From FS production to the molding stage; pressure, microstructure examination, weight loss, and density change features were investigated. The result indicated that the best FS and molding was obtained by the PEG+PMMA polymer composition formed with a spherical powder with a diameter below 40 µm. The compression force of the FS in this composition was observed at approximately 3.4k N values.
Introduction to pulp and paper industry: Global scenario
Authors: Chauhan Sunita , Meena Badri Lal
Published: February 2021

In the today’s context of COVID-19, when a strong need of disposable items without compromising the environmental attributes is being felt, “Paper” is becoming a very mesmerizing and quintessential object. We find paper in our lives so omnipresent and enduring that we take it granted without understanding its complex nature, manufacturing/development process and the significant role, it has actually played in the history of civilization. It is so important that the Per Capita Consumption of paper for a country reflects the development status of its society. Therefore, this article attempts to introduce paper with its historical development, manufacturing process, environmental concerns, ways to address the environmental concerns, global and national status of pulp and paper industry along with the challenges ahead with a coverage of the potential role it is bound to play in future through an overall transformation of the industry itself.
Magnetic moment centers in titanium dioxide photocatalysts loaded on reduced graphene oxide flakes
Authors: Guskos Niko , Zolnierkiewicz Grzegorz , Guskos Aleksander , Aidinis Konstantinos , Wanag Agnieszka , Kusiak-Nejman Ewelina , Narkiewicz Urszula , Morawski Antoni W.
Published: February 2021

A whole series of titania nanocomposites modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was prepared using solvothermal method followed by calcination. Modification of titania with rGO has been found to lead to better photocatalytic properties. The highest photocatalytic performance was obtained at calcination temperature of 600°C. Electron paramagnetic resonance/ferromagnetic resonance measurements showed oxygen defects and ferromagnetic ordering systems. The linewidth of resonance line of oxygen defects decreased linearly with calcination temperature increasing up to 600°C and an accompanying growth of mean crystallite size of anatase phase. The integrated resonance line intensity of oxygen defects depended on the calcination temperature and caused a very large increase in the intensity of resonance lines originating from oxygen defects, because inert atmosphere of calcination was enhanced by graphene presence. The occurrence of magnetic ordering system significantly influenced the performance of photocatalytic processes by changing the amount of oxygen defects.
Gender Differences in the Relationship between Housing, Socioeconomic Status, and Self-Reported Health Status
Authors: Dunn James R. , Walker Jennifer D. , Graham Jennifer , Weiss Christina B.
Published: February 2021

This study investigates gender differences in housing, socioeconomic status, and self-reported health status. The analysis focuses on the social and economic dimensions of housing, such as demand, control, material aspects (affordability, type of dwelling) and meaningful aspects (pride in dwelling, home as a refuge) of everyday life in the domestic environment. A random sample, crosssectional telephone survey was administered in the city of Vancouver, Canada in June 1999 (n = 650). Survey items included measures of material and meaningful dimensions of housing, housing satisfaction, and standard measures of socioeconomic status and social support. The main outcome measure was self-reported health (excellent/very good/good vs. fair/poor). A three-stage analysis provides an overall picture of the sample characteristics for male and female respondents, detects significant relations between individual and housing characteristics and self-rated health status, and investigates male-female differences in the factors associated with fair/poor self-rated health. In multivariate analyses, a small number of socioeconomic dimensions of housing were associated with self-rated health status for women. For men, only one attribute of housing was associated with self-rated health: crowding was positively related to poor health, contradicting expectations and the findings for women. The self-reported strain of housework was unrelated to self-rated health for men, bot strongly related to poor health for women. For men and women, satisfaction with social activities increased the likelihood of reporting better health. Future research should focus on the health effects of geodered differences in domestic and paid work, and on home and family roles and the interaction among gender, household crowding, and health.
Health Impact of Environmental Tobacco Smoke in the Horne
Authors: Rushton Lesley
Published: February 2021

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) can be a major constituent of air pollution in indoor environments, including the home. Regulation on smoking in the workplace and public places has made the home the dominant unregulated source of ETS, with important potential impacts on children. Between 40% and 60% of cbildren in the United Kingdom are exposed to ETS in the home. Many experimental and human and studies have investigated the adverse health effects of ETS. Substantial evidence shows that in adults ETS is associated with increased risk of chronic respiratory illness, including lung cancer, nasal cancer, and cardiovascular disease. In children, ETS increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, middle ear disease, lower respiratory tract illness, prevalence of wheeze and cough, and exacerbates asthma. Although banning smoking in the home would be the optimal reduction strategy, several barrier and ventilation methods can be effective. Nevertheless, such methods are not always practical or acceptable, particularly when social pressures contribute to a lack of support for ETS control in the home. Smoking cessation interventions have bad limited success. Research is needed to explore the barriers to adopting ETS risk-reducing behaviors.
The Missing Link: The Homoian Church in the Danubian Provinces and Its Role in the Conversion of the Goths
Authors: Szada Marta
Published: February 2021

Frequently, studies focusing on the fourth-century Trinitarian controversy stop at the 380s and emphasize the importance of the Council of Constantinople and the Council of Aquileia in 381, and the end of Italian rule of the last Homoian emperor, Valentinian II. In very common interpretation, these events mark the virtual end of the Latin Homoianism—its final extirpation. This thesis mightily influenced the modern thinking about Christianization of the Goths and other barbarian peoples. The process was conceptualized as an “ethnic switch” —the people of non-Roman ethnicity embraced the religion while the Romans completely abandoned it. Thereby, the disavowed Roman heresy changed into the creed able to preserve ethnic difference under the Roman pressure of acculturation. In the present paper, I challenge this interpretation. I argue that the Latin Homoian Church survived long into the fifth century and had an active role in the process of converting the Goths into the Homoian Christianity. I also call into question the role of Wulfila as the Apostle of the Goths directly involved in their Christianization in the 370s, the controvertible image created by the fifth-century church historians. By these means, I aim at dismissing a vision of Christianization of the Goths relying on the solitary mission of a single person. The Goths did not cling to Homoianism because it kept them apart from the Roman neighbours and let preserve their traditions. Quite opposite, in the era of the emperor Valens it was an act of political loyalty to the Roman Empire which later under the formative influence of the Latin Homoian Church transformed into the religious identification founded on the concept of Catholicity—quality of being universally right in the matter of faith—and not on ethnic exclusivism.
Free vibrations of nanobeams under non-ideal supports based on modified couple stress theory
Authors: Atcı Duygu
Published: February 2021

In this study, free vibration analysis of nanobeams under various non-ideal supports have presented. Size effect of nanobeams has applied by utilizing modified couple stress theory. Hamilton’s principle has been used to derive the equation of motion. Governing equation has subjected to non-ideal boundary conditions which are modeled as linear functions including an introduced weighting factor (k). Obtained numerical results have verified by comparing with the published results. Results show that fundamental resonance frequencies of non-ideal clamped nanobeams are significantly decreased when it is compared to ideal supports. However, non-ideal simply supports creates a minor increase effect on fundamental frequencies with respect to clamped ones. Also, nano-size effect has investigated for non-ideal supports. It has found that, the smaller cross-sectional size of nanobeam causes increasing effect of non-ideal supports on fundamental frequencies.
Effects of Resistance Training Performed to Failure or Not to Failure on Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy, and Power Output: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis
Authors: Vieira Alexandra F. , Umpierre Daniel , Teodoro Juliana L. , Lisboa Salime C. , Baroni Bruno M. , Izquierdo Mikel , Cadore Eduardo L.
Published: February 2021

Vieira, AF, Umpierre, D, Teodoro, JL, Lisboa, SC, Baroni, BM, Izquierdo, M, and Cadore, EL. Effects of resistance training performed to failure or not to failure on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and power output: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 1165–1175, 2021—The aim of this review was to summarize the evidence from longitudinal studies assessing the effects induced by resistance training (RT) performed to failure (RTF) vs. not to failure (RTNF) on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and power output in adults. Three electronic databases were searched using terms related to RTF and RTNF. Studies were eligible if they met the following criteria: randomized and nonrandomized studies comparing the effects of RTF vs. RTNF on muscle hypertrophy, maximal strength, and muscle power in adults, and RT intervention ≥6 weeks. Results were presented as standardized mean differences (SMDs) between treatments with 95% confidence intervals, and calculations were performed using random effects models. Significance was accepted when p < 0.05. Thirteen studies were included in this review. No difference was found between RTF and RTNF on maximal strength in overall analysis (SMD: −0.08; p = 0.642), but greater strength increase was observed in RTNF considering nonequalized volumes (SMD: −0.34; p = 0.048). Resistance training performed to failure showed a greater increase in muscle hypertrophy than RTNF (SMD: 0.75; p = 0.005), whereas no difference was observed considering equalized RT volumes. No difference was found between RTF and RTNF on muscle power considering overall analysis (SMD: −0.20; p = 0.239), whereas greater improvement was observed in RTNF considering nonequalized RT volumes (SMD: −0.61; p = 0.025). Resistance training not to failure may induce comparable or even greater improvements in maximal dynamic strength and power output, whereas no difference between RTF vs. RTNF is observed on muscle hypertrophy, considering equalized RT volumes.
Competition Volume and Changes in Countermovement Jump Biomechanics and Motor Signatures in Female Collegiate Volleyball Players
Authors: Kipp Kristof , Kiely Michael , Geiser Christopher
Published: February 2021

Kipp, K, Kiely, M, and Geiser, C. Competition volume and changes in countermovement jump biomechanics and motor signatures in female collegiate volleyball players. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 970–975, 2021—The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between competition volume and preseason to postseason changes in countermovement jump (CMJ) biomechanics and motor signatures in female collegiate volleyball players. Ten National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I female volleyball players performed CMJs on force plates before (PRE) and after (POST) their season. Countermovement jump height was calculated, and 4 discrete biomechanical variables (peak body-mass normalized force [PeakF], peak body-mass normalized rate of force development [PeakRFD], movement time [TIME], and the ratio between eccentric and total movement time [EccT:TIME]) were calculated. A factor analysis of the 4 biomechanical variables was used to identify CMJ motor signatures. The total number of sets played by each player was used to define total competition volume for the season. Correlation coefficients were used to investigate the associations between competition volume and changes in CMJ height, discrete biomechanical variables, and the components of the CMJ motor signature. The statistical analysis indicated that team-average jump height did not change over the course of the season. However, competition volume was negatively associated with changes in CMJ height, such that decreases in CMJ height over the course of the season occurred in players who played large numbers of sets. Although CMJ during POST testing was characterized by longer TIME and greater PeakRFD, CMJ motor signatures did not change and suggest that the female volleyball players in this study retained their preferred jumping strategy across the season. Given that decreases in CMJ height were most pronounced in players who played the most sets, and scored the most points during the season, future research may need to focus on player- or position-specific interventions that help players retain CMJ performance in the face of the competitive demands of a collegiate volleyball season.
Gender-Specific Association of the Sprint Mechanical Properties With Change of Direction Performance in Basketball
Authors: Baena-Raya Andrés , Jiménez-Reyes Pedro , Romea Enrique Salinas , Soriano-Maldonado Alberto , Rodríguez-Pérez Manuel A.
Published: February 2021

Baena-Raya, A, Jiménez-Reyes, P, Romea, ES, Soriano-Maldonado, A, and Rodríguez-Pérez, MA. Gender-specific association of the sprint mechanical properties with change of direction performance in basketball. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2868–2874, 2022—We evaluated the gender-specific associations between the mechanical variables derived from the horizontal force-velocity (FV) profile (i.e., theoretical maximal force [F
0], velocity [V
0], maximal power output [P
max], peak ratio of the effective horizontal component [RF

peak
], and the force application technique index [D

RF
]) and the change of direction (COD) performance for basketball players. Seventy-one players (23 women and 48 men) were assessed for the horizontal FV profile and COD using the modified 505 and V-cut tests. The FV profile parameters were significantly higher for the men than those for the women. The F

0
, RF

peak
, and P
max were strongly associated with performance in the 505 test (women r
range = −0.72 to −0.82; men: r
range = −0.67 to −0.75; p < 0.001) and the V-cut test (women r
range = −0.68 to −0.76; men r
range = −0.45 to −0.50; p < 0.001), as well as with a lower COD deficit (women r
range = 0.58 to 0.75 (p < 0.01); men r
range = 0.49 to 0.54; all p < 0.001). For the women, a 1 N·kg−1 increase of the F

0
was associated with −0.20 seconds and −0.56 seconds in the 505 and V-cut tests, respectively, and 0.16 seconds for the COD deficit. In the men, it was associated with −0.13 seconds and −0.37 seconds in the 505 and V-cut tests, respectively, and 0.10 seconds for the COD deficit. F

0
, RF

peak
, and P
max are the most determinant sprint mechanical properties to successfully COD and reduce the COD deficit. The horizontal FV profile assessment is recommended for diagnosing and prescribing a training program for basketball players.
Analisis Gerak Teknik dan Performa Memanah Nomor 70 Meter Recurve Atlet PPLP Panahan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Septiana Luluk , Widiyanto Widiyanto , Wali Carles Nyoman
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap kinerja gerak teknik dan performa memanah jarak 70 meter recurve putri pada kejurnas antar PPLP di Semarang tahun 2015. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan variabel: gerak teknik memanah dan kemampuan fisik memanah. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu; (1) angket, yang berisi kisi-kisi analisis kinerja gerak teknik memanah yang telah divalidasi oleh ahli biomekanika dan teknik memanah; (2) handycam, untuk melakukan pengamatan. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet panahan putri yang mengikuti kejurnas panahan jarak 70 meter recurve antar PPLP di Semarang tahun 2015 yang berjumlah 3 atlet. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Kinerja gerak teknik memanah pada tahap cara berdiri (stance), memasang ekor panah (nocking), posisi setengah tarikan (set up), menarik tali (drawing), penjangkaran (anchoring), menahan sikap memanah (holding), membidik (aiming), melepaskan anak panah (release), gerak lanjut (followthrough) berada pada kategori baik. (2) Performa atlet memanah PPLP DIY masih kurang, terlihat dari hasil perolehan skor pada setiap rambahan selalu menurun. This research aimed to reveal the capability of technical movement and the performed by female archers to shoot arrow in 70 meters recurve distance on the championship among PPLP in 2015 in Semarang. This research was a descriptive quantitative research with variables the technical movement and the physical ability of shooting arrow. The instruments used are: (1) questionnaire, containing the blue print of analysis of the capability of technical movement in shooting arrow which has been validated by the expert of biomechanic and the technique of shooting arrow; (2) handycam, to carry out the observation. The research subjects is female archers who joined the championship among PPLP in Semarang in 2015 totaling 3 archer. The result of this research shows, (1) technical movement of shooting arrow on the phase of stance, nocking, set up, drawing, anchoring, holding, aiming, releasing and follow through is classified in “good” category; (2) the performance of the athletes of archery of PPLP is not maximum, it can be seen from the decrease tendency in obtaining additional score.
Reoperation after Implanting a Triple-Branched Stent Graft: Case Report
Authors: Song Yu , Li Huadong , Huang Xiaofan , Liu Xiaobin , Wu Long
Published: February 2021

Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is an aortic catastrophe with high mortality, requiring immediate surgical intervention. Recently, placement of a triple-branch stent graft has emerged as an effective technique for total arch reconstruction. Indications for this approach, however, are limited by various complications, such as endoleak, stent graft migration or kinking, and spontaneous thrombosis. Here, we report a case of Marfan syndrome in which the patient underwent a reoperation owing to frame fractures (or degradation of graft material) in a triple-branched stent graft implanted 5 years earlier.
Can Peroperative Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio Change (Deltanlr) Be Used as a Parameter in Predicting Acute Renal Failure Following Coronary Bypass Operations With Cardiopulmonary Bypass?
Authors: Usta Sefer , Abanoz Mustafa
Published: February 2021

Background: Inflammation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of many diseases as well as postoperative acute renal failure (ARF). Preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values have a prognostic value for postoperative ARF after cardiovascular surgeries.
Methods: Patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass in our clinic between December 15, 2015 and December 15, 2019, retrospectively were included in this study. Patients who did not develop ARF after the operation were categorized as Group 1, and patients who did were included in Group 2. NLR was calculated from the hemograms during three periods (Preoperative (Pre), Postcardiotomy (Pc), Postoperative Day 1 (Po1). DeltaNLR1 (PcNLR- PreNLR) and DeltaNLR2 (Po1NLR-PreNLR) values were obtained from these calculated values.
Results: The mean ages of patients in Group 1 (N = 274) and Group 2 (N = 61) were 60 ± 9.1 years and 67.7 ± 9.8 years, respectively (P < .001). In the multivariate analysis, being over 65 years of age (Odds ratio [OR]: 1.074, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.012-1.194, P = .030), postoperative inotropic need (OR: 0.678, CI 95%: 0.395-0.819, P = .021), increased blood product use (OR: 0.916, CI 95%: 0.779-0.986, P = .034), preoperative creatinine increase (OR: 1.974, CI 95%: 1.389-4.224, P = .007), PcNLR (OR : 1.988, CI 95%: 1.765-3.774, P <.001), Po1NLR (OR: 1.090, CI 95%: 1.007-2.116, P = .028), DeltaNLR1 (OR: 3.090, CI 95%: 1.698-6.430, P < .001) and DeltaNLR2 (OR: 1.676, CI 95%: 1.322-2.764, P = .003) were identified as independent predictors for predicting postoperative ARF.
Conclusion: In this study, we have shown that peroperative NLR changes can be used as an effective parameter to predict ARF developing following CABG operations.
ST. NICHOLAS THE MIRACLE-WORKER AS SURETY: FOLKLORE AND BOOK VERSIONS OF THE PLOT
Authors: Kuznetsova Vera S.
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of a study of hagiographic folk legends about St. Nicholas the Miracle-Worker as surety (AaTh 849*, SUS 849*), comparing them to the book versions of similar narratives. Categorized by the folklore prose indexes as the indicated plot type, these stories are not homogeneous in content, but include several forms of the plot that differ in their origin and nature of relations with the book. The narratives in the first two variants of the plot are relatively few in number. The first entails a merchant borrowing money, with a cross or an icon guarantor; money is thrown into the water in a barrel and floats to the lender by itself, and the second speaks about the icon of St. Nicholas the Miracle-Worker being entrusted with the protection of a house and property; and the icon being punished if the request addressed to it is not fulfilled. These plots demonstrate their dependence on book source, namely The Tale of Fyodor the Merchant and The Miracle of the Icon of St. Nicholas. The third variant of plot type 849* involves a poor man who uses an icon of St. Nicholas the Miracle-Worker as surety, borrows money, and cannot repay the debt. The lender punishes the guarantor icon, while the person who bought the icon attains happiness with the help of the saint. There are many both published and archival versions of this plot variant in the Eastern Slavic oral tradition, and it derives from a non-book origin. The folk narratives of this plot variety influenced the development of 17th-century Russian manuscript writing, when figurative means, themes and plots were consciously transferred to literature from folklore. The oral hagiographic legend about St. Nicholas the Miracle-Worker was edited in accordance with the book tradition and transformed into the Tale of a certain wretched young man, contiguous with the non-book versions of the miracles of St. Nicholas the Miracle-Worker.
POETICS OF LIKENESS IN ANCIENT RUSSIAN HAGIOGRAPHY: ALEXANDER OSHEVENSKY VS ALEXIS THE MAN OF GOD
Authors: Pigin Alexander
Published: February 2021

The article offers a comparative analysis of two hagiographic works — the ancient Russian Life of Alexander Oshevensky (XVI century) and the Byzantine Life of Alexis the Man of God, known in ancient Russia since the pre-Mongol era. The author attempts to substantiate the hypothesis that Alexis the Man of God served as one of the hagiographic prototypes of Alexander Oshevensky. The connection between these saints was initially pointed out by the famous Russian hagiologist Nikodim (Kononov), who included in his akathist to Alexander Oshevensky (1897) the likening of Saint Alexander to Alexis the Man of God. The association with Alexis the Man of God is instigated by the worldly name of Alexander Oshevensky — Alexis, or Alexey (the Saint was born on March 17, on the day of memory of ‘the Man of God’). The two Lives share common hagiographic topoi, the textual proximity of mothers’ cries, and so on. The fates of hagiographic characters who had left their relatives, but subsequently returned to them (one as a fool, the other as a monk), are also similar. At the same time, the family theme is resolved in two Lives in different ways: while the ‘Man of God’ remains indifferent to the grief of his relatives, Alexander Oshevensky is portrayed both as a perfect monk and as a loving son. The article also considers the Life of Alexander Oshevensky in the context of other ancient Russian literature works.
Investigation of the Winkler foundation model applicability for describing the contact interaction of elastoplastic shells with a core under external pressure
Authors: Bazhenov V. G , Nagornykh E. V , Samsonova D. A
Published: February 2021

The problem of deformation and elastoplastic buckling of shells of revolution with a thick-walled elastic core under combined static and dynamic loading is formulated in a two-dimensional planar formulation based on two approaches: full-scale modeling within continuum mechanics and a simplified formulation based on the hypotheses of the theory of shells of the Timoshenko type and the Winkler foundation. Both approaches allow solving the problems of deformation and stability of non-shallow shells on the basis of Timoshenko's hypotheses, taking into account geometric nonlinearities. The statement from the perspective of continuum mechanics makes it possible to approximate the shell in thickness by a number of layers of finite elements. The constitutive relations are formulated in Lagrange variables using a fixed Cartesian coordinate system as a reference one. Kinematic relations are recorded in the metric of the current state. The elastic-plastic properties of shells are described by the theory of plastic flow with isotropic hardening. The equations of motion follow from the balance of the virtual powers of the work. In the first approach, the contact interaction of a shell and an elastic body is modeled by the conditions of nonpenetration along the normal and free slip along the tangent. The nonpenetration conditions are satisfied only in the active phase of the contact interaction; if the contact is broken, they are replaced by conditions on the free surface. In the second approach, the contact interaction of the elastic core with the shell is modeled by the Winkler foundation. Both approaches allow one to describe the nonlinear subcritical deformation of shells of revolution with an elastic core, to determine the limiting (critical) loads in a wide range of loading rates, taking into account the geometric imperfections of the shape. Using both approaches, a numerical simulation of epy contact interaction problem of an elastoplastic cylindrical shell with a thick-walled elastic core at a quasi-static uniform external pressure is carried out. The study of the influence of the thickness and initial deflection of the shell, as well as the stiffness and thickness of the core, on the value of the critical pressure and the form of buckling has been carried out. Based on these calculations, a conclusion was made about a wide range of applicability of the Winkler foundation model.
On modeling of airflow in human lungs: constitutive relations to describe deformation of porous medium
Authors: Trusov P. V , Zaitseva N. V , Tsinker M. Yu
Published: February 2021

Within the framework of a multilevel mathematical model to describe the evolution of functional disorders of the human organism under the influence of environment factors, a mathematical model of the "meso-level" of the human respiratory system is developed. The article is deals with the development of the meso-level model - the formulation of a constitutive model to describe the airflow in a porous lung medium. Human lungs filled with small airways and alveoli, with air contained in them, are modeled by an elastically deformable saturated porous medium enclosed in an internal chamber with varying volume (movable walls). Conceptual and mathematical statements are presented. Air movement in the deformable porous medium of lungs is described by ratios of the mechanics of deformable solid body and filtration theory. As an element of this sub-model an analytical solution is obtained for an auxiliary geometrically linear problem of the all-round compression of an elastic thin-walled hollow sphere filled with air to determine the rate of mean stress of the two-phase medium of the lungs, taking into account the interaction between the lung tissue and the air contained in the lungs. To confirm the hypothesis on the acceptability of a linear solution of an auxiliary problem for large deformations, a similar problem was numerically solved in a geometrically nonlinear formulation. The results show that the obtained analytical solution is in satisfactory agreement with the solution of a similar problem in a nonlinear formulation both for calm and deep breathing, which indicates the possibility of using the former in the construction of the considered sub-model.
Modeling of deformation and fracture of porous media taking into account their morphological composition
Authors: Shalimov A. S , Tashkinov M. A
Published: February 2021

This paper investigates the mechanical behavior and fracture of porous materials with an aluminum matrix. The purpose of the work was to create numerical models of failure of representative volume elements of such materials and to reveal the dependences of the nature of the failure processes on their structural morphology. Representative volume elements of these materials are random non-uniform structures of closed-cell and open-cell types. To create three-dimensional geometric models of the closed-cell structures, methods of sequential synthesis the possibility of their mutual intersection were used. For creation of models of interpenetrating structures of the open-cell type, methods based on the analytical determination of surfaces separating the two phases are used. In this paper, three approaches to fracture mechanics of representative volume elements of porous materials were studied and implemented. The first approach is an implementation of the elastic model and damage accumulation based on elastic properties degradation in accordance with the criterion of maximum stresses with reduction of the stiffness matrix coefficients in individual elements. The second approach is an implementation of the same model, but with removal of the failed elements. The third approach is based on the Johnson-Cook elastic plastic behavior and fracture model. Numerical modeling of the representative volumes was carried out with finite element analysis using each of the above approaches. The influence of the internal structure of the representative volumes of the porous materials on the processes of deformation and failure was studied on the example of several structures of open-cell and closed-cell types. The influence of stress concentrators on the distribution of stresses in representative volumes and character of their subsequent failure has been studied.
The influence of surface effects in the problem of theory of elasticity for a circular hole in a half-plane
Authors: Gandilyan D. V
Published: February 2021

Surface effects are important for modeling structures, such as nanofilms, nanoporous materials, and other nanoscale constructions. In the current study, we consider the problem of the theory of elasticity - the problem of a half-plane containing a circular hole, stretched by constant stresses applied at infinity, and take into account surface effects such as surface elasticity and surface stresses. The problem solution has been obtained by expanding the Fourier series with the variables written in the bipolar coordinate system (which simplifies the problem solution because one of the coordinates becomes a constant on the hole contour), where the stress components are expressed through a bi-harmonic stress function. The parametric coefficients involved in the solution, namely in the Fourier series, are determined in order to satisfy the boundary conditions on the hole contour. To solve the problem, in addition to the equations of the theory of elasticity, the equations of surface elasticity were used, in particular, by applying the generalized Young-Laplace’s law and the Shuttleworth’s law; the surface stress on the hole contour has been calculated directly. Using recurrence relations for the stress components at the boundary, stress concentration values have been obtained. The resulting expressions can be considered as a generalized solution of the problem in case of the classical elasticity. The stress concentrations are compared for the cases with and without taking into account surface effects at various points on the hole contour. The contribution caused by the surface effects depending on the relative distance between the hole and the half-plane boundary is studied. It is shown that despite a quite simple geometry, owing to the fairly small distance between the hole and the half-plane boundary, the stress concentration with and without taking into account the surface stress are significantly different from each other, due to the significant contribution of surface effects.
Similarities and differences in ultrasound of extracranial brachiocephalic atherosclerotic lesions in patients with ischemic anterior and posterior circulation stroke
Authors: Vishnyakova A. Yu. , Berdalin A. B. , Golovin D. A. , Lelyuk S. E. , Lelyuk V. G.
Published: February 2021

Aim. To establish similarities and differences in ultrasound of extracranial brachiocephalic atherosclerotic lesions in patients with ischemic anterior and posterior circulation stroke.

Material and methods. The study involved 668 patients (men, 370; women, 298) with carotid territory IS aged 63±11 and 69±9 years, respectively, and 235 patients (men, 129; women, 106) with vertebrobasilar (VB) territory IS aged 59±12 and 63±10 years, respectively, who underwent duplex ultrasound.

Results. Atherosclerotic plaques (ASP) in the internal carotid arteries (ICA) were diagnosed significantly more often (p<0,05) (right ICA (ICAr) — 44,0% of cases; left ICA (ICAl) — 48,4%) and the degree of stenosis of ICA mouths was significantly higher (p<0,05) (ICAr —53±23%, ICAl — 54±24%) in carotid territory IS than in VB territory IS (ICAr — 34,0% of cases; average degree of stenosis — 47±18%; ICAl — 33,6%, average degree of stenosis — 46±18%. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of ASP in vertebral arteries and related stenosis in IS in both territories. Also, there were no significant intergroup differences in the prevalence of homogeneous anechoic or hypoechoic and heterogeneous with hypoechoic predominance ASPs in the ICA mouths: in carotid territory IS, such ASPs were detected in each ICA in 33,5% of cases; in VB territory IS, in 29,6% of cases.

Conclusion. In patients with carotid and VB territory IS, risky ASPs were recorded with the same frequency, while the overall prevalence of ASPs and the stenosis degree of ICA mouths was significantly higher in carotid IS.
N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen for predicting diastolic dysfunction in patients with myocardial infarction and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Osokina A. V. , Karetnikova V. N. , Polikutina O. M. , Ivanova A. V. , Avramenko O. E. , Gruzdeva O, V. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: February 2021

Aim. To study changes in the level of fibrotic scarring marker — the N-terminal propeptide type III procollagen (PIIINP) and structural and functional parameters with the assessment of diastolic function in patients a year after ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and preserved left ventricle (LV) contractility.

Material and methods. At first, the study included 120 (100%) STEMI patients. Next, patients with an LV ejection fraction (EF) ≥50% were selected. The final analysis included 86 STEMI patients. Upon hospitalization, the patients underwent routine diagnostic tests, coronary angiography with stenting of culprit artery. Echocardiography and determination of venous blood PIIINP and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels was on the 1st (time point 1) and 12th day (time point 2) of disease and after a year (time point 3). To compare the obtained values of fibrotic scarring markers, a control group was formed, including 20 (100%) healthy volunteers, identical in age and sex with the studied sample.

Results. On the first day of MI, 25 (29,1%) patients with signs of diastolic dysfunction (DD) were identified among those with preserved LVEF. After 1 year, the number of such patients increased by 10% (n=9). Initially increased (relative to the control group) concentration of PIIINP on the first day (311,2 [220,1; 376,3] ng/ml) decreased by the 12th day (223,3 [195,3; 312,1] ng/ml) and returned to the initial values a year after the MI (312,6 [228,0; 383,8] ng/ml). The NT-proBNP concentration during the hospitalization period did not exceed the reference values and did not differ between 1 and 2 time points (p=0,127). One year later, the NT-proBNP concentration significantly exceeded the values of the previous determinations and amounted to 124,4 pg/ml (p=0,043). According to the ROC analysis, with a PIIINP ≥387,8 ng/ml on the first day, the risk of DD increases (p=0,050, sensitivity, 84,62%, specificity, 55,56%) within a year after STEMI with preserved LVEF.

Conclusion. The threshold of PIIINP (≥387,8 ng/ml) was established for the first day of MI, at which the risk of DD increases one year after the index event. An increase in NT-proBNP concentration one year after STEMI indicates the progression of heart failure.
Validation of the Oral Health Impact Profile in Spanish for Paraguayan adults (OHIP-14Py).
Authors:   Facultad de Odontología. Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Asunción, Paraguay., Díaz-Reissner Clarisse , Roldán-Merino Juan ,   Sant Joan de Déu-Fundació Privada. Barcelona, Spain,   Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Barcelona, Spain.,   ovira i Virgili University of Tarragona.Tarragona, Spain. | Research Group GEIMAC, Barcelona, Spain., Casas García Irma ,   Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona. Departamento de Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología y Medicina Preventiva. Barcelona, Spain.,   Preventive Medicine Service. Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol. Barcelona, Spain.,   Research Group Innovation in Respiratory Infections and Tuberculosis Diagnosis (Group Consolidat 2017 SGR 494).
Published: February 2021

Objetive: The objective of this study was to culturally adapt and validate the short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) instrument into Spanish for use by Paraguayan adults who attended dental clinics. Material and methods: The design was a cross-sectional observational study based on Classical Test Theory (CTT). The original English language version was subjected to a forward-backward translation processes; a calibration of the examiners and pilot test were performed. The questionnaire was applied by dentists through interviews; the same dentists also made the oral examination. The dimensionality of the questionnaire was evaluated using Confirmatory Factorial Analysis (CFA). The total and item-total internal consistencies were evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha. To evaluate the discriminating validity, the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to measure convergent validity for total-dimension, self-assessment of oral health, and dental caries experience index with the DMFT Index. Results: Three-hundred-thirty-three patients participated in the study. The CFA indicates the Paraguayan’s OHIP (OHIP-14Py) is considered a multi-dimensional instrument. The Cronbach’s alpha values were appropriate for both the total (α=0.061) and for item total (α=0.80) correlation. The OHIP-14Py discriminated for the variable self-perception of oral health (p=0.001), symptoms of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) (p=0.026), need of upper dental prosthesis (p=0.001), need of lower dental prosthesis (p=0.001), and ≥20 teeth healthy (p=0.001). For measuring convergent validity, all coefficients of correlation were statistically significant (p=0.001). Conclusion: The OHIP-14Py is a reliable and valid questionnaire for the evaluation of oral health-related quality of life in Paraguayan adults.
Influence of dentin conditioning with polyacrylic acid on the shear bond strength of a nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer cement.
Authors:   Universidade Cidade de São Paulo. Posgrado de Odontología. São Paulo, Brasil., Torres-Rivera Zady J. ,   Universidad Privada de Huánuco. Escuela de Odontología. Huánuco, Perú., Fernández-Tarazona Juan Augusto ,   Universidade Cidade de São Paulo. Posgrado de Odontología. São Paulo, Brasil,   Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán. Escuela Profesional de Odontología. Huánuco, Perú., de Souza Alex Sandro ,   Universidade São Leopoldo Mandic. Posgrado de Odontología. São Paulo, Brasil
Published: February 2021

Purpose: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the influence of dentin conditioning with polyacrylic acid on the shear bond strength of the nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer cement Ketac N100 (3MESPE). Material and methods: Eighteen bovine incisors were randomly divided into two groups (n=18): group 1, without dentin surface treatment, and group 2, with dentin surface treated with 10% polyacrylic acid for 15 seconds. In both groups the primer was applied before the application of the nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Ketac N100) and light-cured for 20 seconds. After 24 hours, the specimens were submitted to thermocycling for 350 cycles, and the teeth were immersed in distilled water at room temperature. After 24 hours, specimens were tested for shear bond strength at 1mm/minute crosshead speed. The collected data were analyzed using the non-parametric test of Mann Whitney (p<0.05). Results: There was a significant difference in shear bond strength values between the treatment and control groups, the group with dentin conditioning with 10% polyacrylic acid showed higher shear strength values than the group without dentin treatment. Conclusion: Application of 10% polyacrylic acid on dentin increases the shear bond strength values of nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer cement.
Brucella species detection from blood and milk samples v1
Authors: Baleela Rania , Adam Ahmed Abdallh Zienab
Published: February 2021

Brucellosis is a widespread zoonotic disease which is characterized by reduced fertility and abortion in several species of animals and in human. Camels are highly susceptible to Brucella abortu, and Brucella melitensis but they are not the primary hosts. Consumption of Brucellainfected milk and meat from camels is a serious public health issue though. Therefore rapid detection and diagnosis of Brucellosis is crucial for any control program. In this study, a sensitive and specific PCR assay was adapted for the detection and identification of Brucellaspp. in100 camels. Almost half of the collected samples were positive for Brucellaspp. (i. e. 41%). 44% of the samples were positive for Brucella abortus, 43% were positive for B. melitensis, and 22% were positive for a co-infection of B. abortus andB.melitensis.The majority of infected camels were male adults.Most of the positive samples were collected at the slaughterhouse in Nyala. This finding is alarming as Sudanese consumers are known for eating raw camels' liver. Therefore the main recommendation ofthis study is toadopt this sensitive and species-specific PCR protocol for routine detection of brucellosis in animals to be slaughtered in the future . In the mean time this protocol can be used as a confirmatory test for the detection ofbrucellosis in live camels as well as for other animals to be slaughtered because it is the protocol with the lowest risk for laboratory personnel.
Murine ischemia reperfusion without endotracheal intubation or ventilation v1
Authors: not provided mjzhang
Published: February 2021

Mouse models of myocardial infarction (MI) are essential preclinical platforms, and left coronary artery (LCA) ligation is the standard method for inducing MI in the mouse heart. Although the classical approach requires endotracheal intubation prior to thoracotomy to maintain oxygenation, circumventing the need for intubation by “externalizing” the heart and quickly ligating the LCA reduces airway injury, barotrauma, and infection risk. Here we present a non-intubating method of murine ischemia/reperfusion.
To the authors and readers of the journal
Authors: Ovechkin A. M.
Published: February 2021

Here is the 4th issue of our magazine for 2018, a late issue and, alas, the last one. The journal Regionar Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management ceases to exist. Years of life 20072018.