bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of IT in prisoner education
Authors: Garner Jane
Published: May 2024

Studies have consistently found that prisoners who undertake education while in prison are less likely to reoffend, and return to prison. However, in an environment where post-secondary education is increasingly being offered via online delivery, prisoners with no access to the internet are experiencing barriers to education offered by non-prison providers. This study examines the Australian prison environment, the education needs of prisoners, and their current access to education, information technology and the internet. Recent and future Australian and international developments in delivering online education to prisoners are examined.
By design
Authors: Fyfield Brett , Czaplinski Iwona
Published: May 2024

This paper takes a design research approach to the challenge of transforming learning and teaching in higher education (HE) as it is experienced at the level of an interdisciplinary team composed of content matter experts and specialists in education. It is based on the reflections of members of the team working collaboratively to transform an undergraduate biology unit, delivered in intensive mode in parallel with a standard teaching semester to improve both student engagement and teaching staff satisfaction. The unit learning design tests 21st century active learning pedagogies in the context preparing students for their professional lives. Using semi-structured interviews and reflective inquiry the authors attempt to uncover the salient features of the process of implementing technology enhanced learning, and generate constructive design solutions. The work is situated in the scholarship of learning and teaching as it encourages "reflection-in-action" and a commitment to sharing what works in STEM teaching and learning in contemporary environments. The teaching team focus on the complex problems of preparation, attendance, and engagement in a series of intensive labs, whilst the professional staff focus on the complex problems of innovation and student engagement in higher education. A number of known and hypothetical learning design principles are integrated with the affordances of the chosen learning environment (OneNote) and used to propose plausible solutions. These solutions are used to iteratively refine the learning environment and reveal new design principles. The data shows improved staff engagement with the unit and the students through an enhanced role in the application and development of modern pedagogies. The paper emphasises the benefits of providing for and supporting the emergence of microcultures, and suggest strategies for those that wish to emulate the approach taken.
Student-generated multimedia for supporting learning in an undergraduate physiotherapy course
Authors: Coulson Susan , Frawley Jessica
Published: May 2024

Outside the university, rapid authoring tools and ubiquitous technologies have fuelled a rise in usergenerated multimedia and participatory culture. The educational equivalent, digital student-generated content, has been heralded as one approach for supporting active and student-centered learning. This is especially relevant in tertiary education, where multimedia is mainly used as a method for transmission of content. Though student-generated multimedia may seem pedagogically ideal, especially for applied areas such as Health Sciences, the diversity of adoptions and limited evidence in the area make broad claims to its efficacy difficult to support. This study uses mixed methods to assess the outcomes of a student-generated multimedia assignment within a third-year university physiotherapy subject. This study found that all students were able to complete the assessment task in a way that demonstrated key disciplinary learning and professional communication skills despite many not having prior experience of this kind of assessment. Student survey data demonstrated that students were able to navigate between new tools and methods to achieve a complex task. While multimedia gave students new and creative ways through which to engage with practitioners, patients and the profession, attitudes varied in accordance with student self-efficacy and confidence. The self-directed nature of the task appears to be both an opportunity and a challenge. These findings further contribute to our understanding of implementing student-generated multimedia projects and extend this knowledge to the health sciences’ discipline.
Blended learning as a disruption in a vocational education building program
Authors: Colasante Meg , Hall-van den Elsen Cathy
Published: May 2024

A building and construction teaching team in a vocational education school (within a university in Melbourne) introduced a blended learning model to one-third of their program. Traditionally, building students are accustomed to a high ratio of face-to-face learning, therefore, this new model disrupted the experience of both teacher and student. The model was examined using e-learning evaluation research methodology and findings are presented using the framework of Glazer’s (2012) characteristics of blended learning. Examination of the program identified areas in need of attention, such as active learning and online interaction and communication. Finally the authors promote the use of Glazer’s framework as a pedagogical evaluation tool for blended learning designs, while drawing out a particular focus on teacher presence as a distinct item in this framework.
CMALT cMOOC
Authors: Cochrane Thomas , Narayan Vickel
Published: May 2024

This paper outlines the design stage of a project that reimagines lecturer professional development around a network of communities of practice scaffolded by a cMOOC (connectivist Massive Open Online Course), where sustained collaborative engagement with innovative teaching practice is recognised via established international peer-based professional accreditation pathways such as CMALT (Certified Member of the Association for Learning Technology). Informed by a design based research methodology, the CMALT cMOOC leverages a network of national and international collaboration and innovative teaching expertise, providing an agile and scalable framework to support the development of participants’ CMALT portfolios as evidence of critical engagement with new modes of practice and enhanced student outcomes.
A novel iterative process for numerical reckoning of fixed points via generalized nonlinear mappings with qualitative study
Authors: Ahmad Fayyaz , Ullah Kifayat , Ahmad Junaid , Hammad Hasanen A. , George Reny
Published: May 2024

This manuscript is devoted to constructing a novel iterative scheme and reckoning of fixed points for generalized contraction mappings in hyperbolic spaces. Also, we establish

Δ

\Delta

and strong convergence results by the considered iteration under the class of mappings satisfying condition (E). Moreover, some qualitative results of the suggested iteration, like weak

w

2

{w}^{2}

-stability and data dependence results, are discussed. Furthermore, to test the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed iteration, practical experiments are given. To support the theoretical results, illustrative examples are presented. Finally, our results improve and generalize several classical results in the literature of fixed point iterations.
Using interpretative structure model and analytical network process for optimum site selection of airport locations in Delta Egypt
Authors: Beshr Ashraf A. A. , Basha Ali M. , Lofty Nourhan , Farhan Magda H.
Published: May 2024

Airports are among the constructions that must meet international standards and specifications established by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). Some of these parameters and criteria include topography, environmental, and operating circumstances. Navigation operations are also affected by terrain and human barriers, while noise, infrastructure, and weather factors affect the environment around airports. This article investigates using the interpretative structure model (ISM) and analytical network process (ANP) together as a new technique to select and determine the optimum site selection for constructing new international airports in the Nile Delta, Egypt. The criteria used (16 international criteria) are selected depending on the standards of the ICAO, field surveys, and previous studies. Nile Delta, Egypt, is chosen as a case study because it suffers from the lack of international airports and has a population of approximately 23 million. Therefore, new international airports must be established to serve this region, boost tourism, improve transportation, and stimulate commercial traffic. The results using the suggested new technique are compared with the traditional used methods for site selection, such as fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process. Landsat 8 images are used in this research. A quality test using the area under the curve and the receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to evaluate the new technique for site selection of international airports, depending on calculating the highest suitability index for each proposed site. From the quality tests, it is deduced that the suggested method (ISM–ANP) for airport site selection is more accurate than any other traditional method. ArcGIS 10.5 software is used to draw the final digital maps containing the proposed resulted sites. As a result, three new locations for the construction of international airports were found and selected throughout the research region (Delta Nile, Egypt) based on the used mathematical models. Therefore, the proposed novel method for determining the locations of international airports is thought to be effective and feasible, and it can be used to determine the locations of any development projects in general, particularly in developing countries, which benefits the decision-makers in making the right decisions.
Epenthetic vowel quality crosslinguistically, with focus on Modern Hebrew
Authors: Faust Noam
Published: May 2024

This paper proposes the principle of weakest epenthesis, whereby the quality of the epenthetic vowel is that of the weakest lexical vowel of the language, and weakness is defined phonologically, not phonetically. This principle is first shown to motivate the emergence of [e] as the epenthetic vowel of Modern Hebrew. It is then corroborated by a crosslinguistic survey of 100 languages. Finally, the Modern Hebrew facts are used to illustrate the formalization of this principle using gradient symbolic representations.
Comprehensive analysis of competing endogenous RNA networks involved in the regulation of glycolysis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Gao Shenglin , Shi Xiaokai , Yue Chuang , Chen Yin , Zuo Li , Wang Simin
Published: May 2024

Objectives

This study aims to elucidate the role of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), which are pivotal in the post-transcriptional regulation of cancer cells, in the glycolysis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods

RNA-seq data from ccRCC samples and public datasets were subjected to differential expression analysis to identify the upregulated circular RNAs (circRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and mRNAs for constructing a ceRNA network. This network focused on the upregulated mRNAs linked to glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, which were verified at the proteome level using the CPTAC database. The ENCORI database was used to predict the lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA and miRNA-mRNA interactions, which formed a network visualized using Cytoscape. This study further examined the association of selected lncRNAs/circRNAs with biological processes and patient survival and explored lncRNA and mRNA expressions at the single-cell level.

Results

Three circRNAs and eight lncRNAs were identified to be regulators of four glycolysis pathway genes (HK2, LDHA, PFKP, and ALDOC) via 54 miRNAs. Notably, their expressions were aberrant at the transcriptome and proteome levels. These RNA elements were correlated with malignant and immune pathways, and several lncRNAs showed prognostic significance for ccRCC. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing indicated the abnormal enrichment of these lncRNAs and mRNAs in malignant cells.

Conclusions

This study identified a ceRNA network that plays a critical role in the glycolysis of ccRCC. These findings highlight the importance of ceRNAs in cancer malignancy and their potential impact on patient prognosis.
Managing Dust in Academic Libraries
Authors: Rasaki Ejiwoye Oluwole , Ogunmodede Thomas A. , Adedimeji Akeem Adedayo
Published: May 2024

The study investigates dust management at the Albert Ilemobade library, The Federal University of Technology Akure. Dust deposition and accumulation poses a major challenge for the university library as all the units, sections, and divisions are affected. Dust not only adversely affects all materials, equipment, and facilities including books, audiovisual collections, and computers, but also constitutes a health hazard to library personnel and users. Major sources of dust include visitor activities and infiltration through openings like windows and doors. Dust mats, special computer enclosures, dusters, dust blowers, and respiratory masks were made available for dust protection and management in the library. The library lacked equipment like High Efficiency Particulate Arresting (HEPA) filters and dust collection, and suppressions systems. Lack of awareness and training, inadequate funding, and lack of equipment were identified as the challenges to dust management in the library.
On the Reversibility of Spray Adhesives in Paper Conservation
Authors: Muñoz-Viñas Salvador , Sobrino-Estalrich María
Published: May 2024

This research explores the practical advantages and potential applications of spray adhesives, focusing on testing their suitability for artwork mounting uses. Their solubility in common low-toxicity solvents (ethanol and acetone) was evaluated. Seven commercial spray adhesives from different commercial brands and compositions were applied on paper samples and subjected to different ageing conditions. The samples were then immersed in the solvent, and the degree of adhesive removal was measured. One of the most relevant conclusions is that commercial neoprene-based spray adhesives become brittle and fragile in a few weeks, which makes them unsuitable for both long-term and temporary applications in the heritage field. On the other hand, the solubility was high or very high in some cases: up to 98 % of adhesive removal was achieved in acetone wash. These tests and the convenience, cost and availability of spray adhesives suggest that some of them may be safely used in some scenarios such as temporary mountings or transport.
Paul Tillichs Bundesverdienstorden
Authors: Graf Friedrich Wilhelm
Published: May 2024

Kein anderer deutscher Emigrant, der 1933 ins amerikanische Exil gegangen war und nach der Ausbürgerung aus Deutschland und dem Erwerb der amerikanischen Staatsbürgerschaft zum Emigranten wurde, ist nach dem Ende des zweiten Weltkriegs so oft nach Deutschland zurückgekehrt wie Paul Tillich. Auch wenn er die Remigration auf den Frankfurter Lehrstuhl ablehnte und auch Rufen an die Universität Hamburg und die Freie Universität Berlin nicht folgte, lehrte er als Visiting Professor an mehreren deutschen Universitäten. Auch hielt er vor zahlreichen Hörerinnen und Hörern Hunderte von Vorträge in westdeutschen Städten und im Westteil der einstigen deutschen Hauptstadt Berlin. Tillich wurde zu einer Projektionsfigur, zum Idealbild des guten Deutschen. Dies bezeugen auch die zahlreichen Ehrungen und Orden, mit denen er ausgezeichnet wurde. Die folgende Edition dokumentiert die Quellen, die zur Ehrung Tillichs mit dem „Großen Verdienstkreuz (Halskreuz)“ Federal Order of Merit 1956 und fünf Jahre später, zu seinem 75. Geburtstag, mit dem „Großen Verdienstkreuz mit Stern“ führten.

No other German emigrant, who went into exile in America in 1933 and became an emigrant after expatriating from Germany and acquiring American citizenship, returned to Germany as often as Paul Tillich after the end of the Second World War. Even though he refused to remigrate to the Frankfurt chair and did not accept calls to the University of Hamburg and the Free University of Berlin, he taught as a visiting professor at several German universities. He also gave hundreds of lectures to numerous listeners in western German cities and in the western part of the former German capital Berlin. Tillich became a projection figure, the ideal image of the good German. This is also evidenced by the numerous honors and medals with which he was awarded. The following edition documents the sources used to honor Tillich with the „Great Cross of Merit (Neck Cross)“ of the Federal Order of Merit in 1956 and five years later, on his 75th birthday, with the „Großen Verdienstkreuz mit Stern“.
The Haudenosaunee Ohén:ton Karihwatéhkwen Thanksgiving Address: Moving Beyond the Havoc of Land Acknowledgements
Authors: Wemigwans Jennifer , MacKay Lanna
Published: May 2024

Abstract This article aims to offer a broad theoretical engagement with the Haudenosaunee Ohén:ton Karihwatéhkwen (Thanksgiving Address) and the practice of giving thanks as a foundational Indigenous Knowledge education practice for elementary school age children. We propose a critical rethinking of the practice of the Land Acknowledgement and instead put forward the Thanksgiving Address as a way to center Indigenous Knowledge practices and education in school systems. We provide a brief overview of the history and practice of the Thanksgiving Address, and a critical examination of institutionalized land acknowledgments. The work of educators at the Jackman Institute for Child Study with land acknowledgements and the Thanksgiving Address offers insight into land and place-based pedagogical approaches that take up Indigenous knowledge education and challenges coopted practices of Indigenous education.
Leading in Extraordinary Times: Documenting Pandemic Stories through Graphic Recording
Authors: Etmanski Catherine
Published: May 2024

This field report documents—through the use of graphic recordings—the “Leading in Extraordinary Times” webinar series that ran throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Hosted by a team in the School of Leadership Studies at Royal Roads University in British Columbia, Canada, this series was notable for its use of a graphic recorder who joined each webinar and produced an image drawn in real time. We felt it was essential to document stories from this historical moment, not only through words and audio-visual recordings, but also through images. Following the webinar, each image was shared with participants, along with the video recording. At that time, free special topic webinars open to the public were still relatively novel. The success of this webinar series demonstrated that people were yearning for meaningful ways to connect online to reduce isolation and continue learning as wave after wave of the pandemic hit. We, therefore, saw a role we could play in both engaging and building community while hosting relevant, helpful, and timely dialogues throughout the pandemic. A summary of each webinar topic, together with the graphics and links to webinar recordings, are included in the report.
Enhancing cement hydration with nanosilica-coated polystyrene microspheres
Authors: Shalit Meytal , Radune Maya , Knop Yaniv , Mastai Yitzhak
Published: May 2024

Nanoparticles (NPs) can be used as useful additives in construction materials. In this work, nanosilica (NS) was used in a way that prevented agglomeration of NPs as a pozzolanic material to improve Portland cement hydration and thus improve the properties of concrete. The effects of NS and polystyrene (PS) microspheres coated with NS (PS@NS) on cement paste properties were examined. Spherical PS particles were prepared by dispersion polymerisation of styrene in polar solvents and characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and environmental scanning electron microscope. The PS@NS were synthesised using the Stöber method. Analysis showed that an amorphous NS layer was deposited uniformly on the PS particles and the core/shell structure reduced the aggregation of the NS effectively. It was also found that, compared with cement paste blended with NS, the PS@NS improved cement hydration due to the agglomeration affect.
The engineering legacy of the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022TM: Stadium 974 – reuse as driving force for sustainability
Authors: Stockhusen Knut , Fenwick Mark , Sima Fernando , Paech Christoph , de Figueiredo Rodrigo Luiz , Elshafie Mohammed Z. E. B. , Al-Nuaimi Nasser A.
Published: May 2024

Stadium 974, located on the east shore of the Doha Bay in the municipality of Ras Abu Aboud, is the first fully demountable, transportable and reusable stadium of its kind. Modular systems in construction have a long track record in the industry, but developing and delivering an entire scheme for such a complex venue under the requirements of a FIFA World Cup stadium had never been achieved before. The basis of the innovative concept of a temporary venue is to create a highly repetitive grid of identical structural frames, supporting standardised components: bleachers, concourse slabs and modules carrying containers pre-equipped with all required functions. The venue can then be easily demounted after the event and completely re-installed in another location or repurposed into many small stadia at different locations. All individual elements can be dismantled and transported within the certified shipping containers to the next destination. This enables efficient reuse of the material and hence results in a reduced lifetime carbon dioxide footprint due to less construction material and reduced waste. This pioneering scheme posed significant challenges and constraints for the structural design, and required a comprehensive approach, from the development of suitable structural concepts to the implementation in the structural detailing. This paper describes some of those challenges and the design solutions adopted.
Tale About Inflation Tails
Authors: Grishchenko Olesya V. , Wilcox Laura
Published: May 2024

We study probabilities of extreme inflation events in the Unites States and the euro area. Using a state-space model that incorporates information from a large set of professional forecasters, we generate the term structure of inflation forecasts as well as probabilities of future inflation for any range of inflation outcomes in closed form at any horizon. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation expectations increased materially amid heightened uncertainty about future inflation. Likelihood of significant departures of inflation targets in the longer term reached about 15 percent in the middle of 2022, increasing from near zero levels in 2020. Such an increase in the right tail of the probability distribution over future inflation outcomes drives an increase in inflation expectations and inflation risk premiums. Several popular external uncertainty measures are associated with variation in tail probabilities.
The effects of electricity load-shedding on the performance of small and medium enterprises in Pretoria, South Africa: A case study of Marabastad Business Community
Authors: Musabayana Tambudzayi Godfrey
Published: May 2024

South Africa has been experiencing electricity load shedding for over sixteen years and this has affected the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) across the country, with devastating effects recorded in the post-Covid-19 era. SMEs are key drivers of the economy and their performance has a great influence on it, as they contribute 36% of gross domestic product (GDP). This case study of the problem used the qualitative research method, with data collected through interviews. This study established that, in the area studied, there is a decline in the performance of the entrepreneurs and working hours have been drastically reduced due to load-shedding. Proposals are made of measures that the SME implementers and the government of South Africa can take in order to prevent the situation from further deteriorating.
Food grade colorimetry of anthocyanins (A Youth Summer Camp Activity) v1
Authors: S McLamore Eric , AM Moreira Geisianny , Vanegas Diana , not provided dbahamo , Casso-Hartmann Lisseth , Agbomi Lidadi , J Torres Maria
Published: May 2024

This protocol describes activities used in summer education camps for youth (14 years and older). The activities involve extraction and cryo-concentration of plant pigment (anthocyanin) from red cabbage. This protocol describes summer camp activities for encapsulation/spherification in alginate beads and other alternative methods for teaching basic principles related to cross linking and colorimetry.
Review of indole, A versatile pharmacophoric moiety
Authors: Gaikwad Vijay
Published: May 2024

Indole is a heterocyclic compound, known for its alluring smell. Indole contributes to the rich aroma of various flowers such as jasmine and orange blossoms. Indole plays a vital role in numerous biological processes, including hormone regulation, neurotransmission, and immune response. Indole derivatives serve as a foundation for developing drugs in several therapeutic areas, such as antiviral, anticancer, and psychiatric medications.
Synthesis of 4-nitro-Benzoates for evaluation antimicrobial and disinfectant activity: Part-I
Authors: Gopiwad Prachit
Published: May 2024

4-nitro-benzoates derivatives have been synthesized by known literature methods and found that they are easy to synthesize. The compound PG1 and PG2 were synthesized by known methods. Resorcinol and p-cresol was dissolved in ethanolic 1 N NaOH separately and to it 4-nitro-benzoyl chloride was added. The products PG1 and PG2 were collected respectively.
Assessment of ethanol leaf extract from urtica dioica for in vitro Anti-Helminthic properties
Authors: Sivaji K. , Lavanya V. , Sharmila SK. , Abhishek D. , Yuvaraju G , Vimala Jyothi M. , Divya Mounika N. , Ramu P. , Gayatri P.
Published: May 2024

Helminthic infections continue to be a significant public health concern worldwide, particularly in regions with poor sanitation and limited access to healthcare. With the increasing prevalence of drug resistance among helminths, there is a pressing need for alternative treatments derived from natural sources. Urtica dioica, commonly known as stinging nettle, has been traditionally used for various medicinal purposes, including its purported anthelmintic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro anti-helminthic activity of ethanol leaf extract of Urtica dioica against helminth parasites. Fresh leaves of Urtica dioica were collected, dried, and powdered. The ethanol leaf extract was prepared using standard extraction methods. Various concentrations of the extract were tested against helminth parasites using established in vitro assays. The efficacy of the extract was determined by assessing parameters such as paralysis and mortality of the parasites. Preliminary findings indicate that the ethanol leaf extract of urtica dioica possesses significant anti-helminthic activity against the tested parasites. The extract exhibited dose-dependent paralysis and mortality of the helminths, with higher concentrations demonstrating greater efficacy. These results suggest the potential of Urtica dioica as a natural source of anthelmintic agents. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the specific bioactive compounds responsible for the observed anti-helminthic activity and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Urtica dioica extract in vivo. Additionally, investigations into the underlying mechanisms of action and potential synergistic effects with conventional anthelmintic drugs may provide valuable insights for the development of novel therapeutic interventions against helminthic infections. The study results when compared to standard drug of fenbendazole, ethanolic extract of Urtica dioica possess a good significant anti-helmentic activity compared to standard drug of fenbendazole.
Diagnosis of pneumonia in paediatric age group by comparing two modalities chest x-ray versus ultrasonography at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chawda Vidit , Tollawala Pinakin , Khasavat Shailendra , Suthar Kriti , Shah Neel , Pandya Rutvi
Published: May 2024

: Up to 20 million cases of pneumonia in children ages 0 to 5 years require hospitalization each year, from total 150 million cases of pneumonia. The most common cause of death in children worldwide is pneumonia. Due to the general non-specificity of the signs and symptoms, clinical history and physical examination cannot reliably distinguish between the causes of respiratory cases. As a result, accurate diagnosis frequently requires medical imaging, but two-thirds of the world's population lack access to diagnostic imaging, which lead to increasing the consequences of respiratory illnesses.

: To know the characteristic of pneumonia in x-ray and ultrasonography. To compare X-ray chest and USG for early diagnosis.

: A Prospective observational study was conducted among 100 paediatric patients diagnosed with pneumonia and admitted in paediatric ward, at New Civil Hospital, Surat.

: Out of total, 52.7% and 47.3% patients were Males and Females, respectively. 87.2% cases were fully immunized, while remaining were partially immunized. Sensitivity and specificity of chest X-ray is 83.4 % and 86.8 % respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of USG thorax is 96.8 % and 90.5 % respectively. Young children are at least four times more susceptible to radiation damage than adults.

: In comparison to chest radiography, lung ultrasound has the potential advantages of being more sensitive and specific, radiation-free, subject to less regulatory constraints, relatively less expensive so it can be used in diagnosis in patients with pneumonia.
Acute pancreatitis as a manifestation of multisystem inflammatory syndrome among children (MIS-C): A rare case
Authors: Teja V Chandra , Patil Mohan Anantrao , Patil Nivedita Balasaheb , Srividya Kuruganti Vyshnavi , Kavthekar Saiprasad Onkareshwar , Kulkarni Suhas Panditrao
Published: May 2024

A multisystem inflammatory syndrome among children (MIS-C) has been linked to COVID-19, and it affects multiple organ systems in the body, including the gastrointestinal system. In present case report, a 14-year-old girl presented with clinico-laboratory and imaging evidence of acute pancreatitis but did not respond to the standard line of management for pancreatitis. Later, the laboratory investigations pointed to the diagnosis of MIS-C. She responded well to a pulse doses of methylprednisolone therapy. Acute pancreatitis as a lone manifestation of MIS-C poses a diagnostic challenge for paediatricians, and one should suspect MIS-C in acute non-responding pancreatitis.
Unveiling the spectrum of cardiac disease complicating pregnancy: A comprehensive exploration of maternal and fetal outcomes
Authors: Mathesan Manju , Kirubamani Hephzibah
Published: May 2024

Cardiac diseases pose a significant non-obstetrical threat to maternal well-being during pregnancy, contributing to nearly 10% of maternal mortality. The intersection of pregnancy and cardiac disease presents a complex scenario, affecting approximately 1-3% of pregnancies. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains a prevalent issue in developing countries, while advancements in pediatric cardiology have increased survival rates for congenital heart disease. This exploration aims to comprehensively understand the impact of cardiac diseases on maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy.

A prospective observational study conducted over 1 year and 6 months included 40 pregnant women with cardiovascular disease. Antenatal investigations, electrocardiogram, and echocardiography were performed. Maternal and fetal outcomes were assessed, and data were presented as descriptive statistics.

The study revealed a 2.07% prevalence of cardiac disease in 1926 deliveries, with a mean age of 24±4 years. Cesarean section was the predominant mode of delivery (70%). Most cases had NYHA grade I disease (80%). Maternal outcomes were uneventful in 88%, and only 12% had ICU admission. Complications due to cardiac disease were observed in 17.5% of participants. Neonatal outcomes included NICU admission (25%), low birth weight (22.5%), and preterm birth (20%).

Cardiovascular complications in pregnancy affect up to 4% of cases. The prevalence in this study aligns with existing literature. Rheumatic heart disease and congenital heart disease were predominant, consistent with global trends. Maternal and perinatal outcomes were favorable in NYHA grades I and II, emphasizing the importance of early intervention and healthcare accessibility.

Cardiac disease is a substantial risk factor for maternal mortality during pregnancy. The study highlights the dual risk of balancing maternal well-being and fetal development. Prevalence, complications, and outcomes underscore the significance of pre-pregnancy counseling, early detection, and multidisciplinary management for optimal pregnancy outcomes.
Assessment of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 deficiencies and their association with red cell indices in anemic and non-anemic women
Authors: Kumar Anil , Sharma Mimoh , Frayez Mohammad , Rahman Asna
Published: May 2024

During pregnancy anemia is a common health issue with various factors influencing its occurrence. It is a major public health problem in India. It is believed that 2.36 billion individuals are affected globally, and it is also an endemic problem in India. Iron deficiency often leads to iron deficiency anemia (IDA), significantly influencing maternal and fetal health.

This study aims to investigate the complete blood count and nutritional parameters including Iron profile, vitamin B12, and Folic acid in anemic and non-anemic participants.

The study involved 458 women of which 300 were anemic women and 158 were non-anemic women, predominantly from rural areas. The severity of anemia was classified as per WHO guidelines. The CBC was estimated by a 3-part hematology analyzer Medonic M-series, while the iron profile, vitamin B12, and folic acid were measured by using an automated analyzer Abbott Architect 1000 SR.

The severity of anemia among the anemic women, classified according to WHO guidelines, revealed that 38.7% had mild anemia, 32.7% had moderate anemia, and 28.6% had severe anemia. 39.3% women exhibited microcytic hypochromic cells, 38% had normocytic normochromic cells, and 22.7% exhibited macrocytic cells. 56.6% had iron deficiency, 10% had folate deficiency, 16.7% had vitamin B12 deficiency, 6.7% had iron+vitamin B12+folic acid deficiency and 10% had vitamin B12+folic acid deficiency. Based on the severity only vitamin B12 was significantly reduced in severe (145.65±58.43) than moderate (177.06±66.24) and mild group (174.43±68.43), p=0.042. Hemoglobin showed a positive correlation with iron level (r=0.523, p<0.0001), and a negative correlation with ferritin (r=-0.355, p<0.0001).

: These findings provide valuable insights into the nutritional status of the anemic women and highlights the need for targeted interventions to address micronutrient deficiencies during pregnancy.
Effectiveness of video-assisted teaching programme and mobile application on knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding management of common minor discomforts of pregnancy among primigravida mothers– A pilot study from South India
Authors: Srinivasan P , Punitha M , Joseph Zeanath Cariena
Published: May 2024

Pregnancy might lead to various physiological changes that may end up in a diversity of symptoms and frequently to gastrointestinal complaints, such as heartburn, nausea, vomiting, or constipation. With adequate information and timely care, the majority of mild problems that arise during pregnancy can be reduced.

The main aim is to to evaluate the efficacy of video-assisted teaching programme and mobile applicationin improving primigravida women' knowledge, attitudes, and practices about how to handle common pregnancy discomforts.

A quantitative research approach with the one group pre-test and post-test design was adopted to conduct this pilot study among a total of 20 primigravida mothers attending the PHC Centre by purposive sampling technique who were administered with video-assisted teaching having the contents on knowledge, attitude, and practice aspects regarding management of various minor discomforts of pregnancy. Knowledge, attitude, and practice were measured using structured tools at the baseline (day 1) and after the administration of video-assisted teaching with mobile app-based follow-up education on day 15.

We analysed the data with descriptive to describe the variables, paired t-test to test the effectiveness, Karl Pearson’s correlation for the relationship, and Chi-square to find the association. Knowledge, attitude, and practice all showed statistically significant improvements following the implementation of the video-assisted teaching program and mobile application.

The research findings indicated that video-assisted teaching along with a mobile app in their own language was found useful method of educating primigravida mothers to increase their knowledge and to generate favorable attitudes regarding the management of minor discomforts during pregnancy.
Construction and validation of self-reporting menstrual disorder screening questionnaire for Indian population
Authors: Sharma K N Srihari , Umarji Shilpa , Visarapu Sai Bhavani
Published: May 2024

Dysmenorrhea is defined as difficulty in menstrual flow and refers to painful cramps during menstruation. There are 2 types of dysmenorrhea, primary and secondary dysmenorrhea respectively. Early diagnosis of these conditions which may be responsible for dysmenorrhea is necessary to curb the rising prevalence of infertility. There are no adequate screening questionnaires available for Indian population which can screen dysmenorrhea and differentiate primary and secondary dysmenorrhea.

: The objective of phase-1 of this study comprised of constructing menstrual disorder screening questionnaire and content validating the questionnaire and the objective of phase-2 was to administer the developed questionnaire on the targeted population.

This was a cross-sectional study in which a questionnaire was developed and content validated by experts. The expert panel was asked to validate each question on a four-point Likert scale for relevance, clarity, ease of comprehension and the question was represented in participants correct section.

A pilot study was carried out on 31 participants. A total of 142 participants were participated in the study.Dysmenorrhea was reported by a total of 129 participants i.e. 90.85% whereas only 9.15% reported of having no pain during menstruation. Dysmenorrhea symptoms experienced only sometimes by 56 participants, but 73 participants reported to experience them with each cycle.

The questionnaire developed, and content validated in this study can be used as a self-reporting screening tool to detect menstrual abnormalities in the Indian population
Prevalence and distribution of HPV 16 and 18 with its epidemiological profile among cervical cancer patients: A prospective study from regional cancer centre of Gujarat, Western India
Authors: Parekh Chetana Deepal , Patel Bijal M , Dave Pariseema S , Patel Prabhudas , Arora Ruchi S
Published: May 2024

Cervical cancer (CC) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality due to cancer among women in Indian. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and distribution of HPV16/ 18 and epidemiological profile of CC patients from, Gujarat Western India.

CC biopsy specimens of 400 patients were analyzed for HPV16 and 18 by type-specific PCR.

In our study 74% of CC cases were positive for HPV, 67% had HPV16, 14.8% had HPV18 and 7.7% had both HPV16/18. The median age of the women with CC was 50 years and peak incidence (31.8%) was between 40 to 50 years. Majorities (68.5%) were postmenopausal. The median age of marriage was 20years. Squamos cell carcinoma (SCC) was found in 91% and adenocarcinoma (ADC) in 7.3% of the patients. As per study 7.8%, 16.3%, 58% and 2.5% of CC patients presented in FIGO stage I, II, III, and IV respectively. HPV16 was exhibited in, 68.8% and 66.4%, HPV18 in 14.9% and 15.9% of pre and postmenopausal patients respectively. HPV16 and HPV 18 positivity was 68.7% and 51.7% and 13.2% and 31% in SCC and in ADC respectively. HPV16 infection was higher in stage I and HPV18 in stage IV malignancy.

There were two peaks of HPV16, first between 21 to 30 and second between 51 to 60 years among CC patients. HPV 16 is highly prevalent among all groups. In patients with adenocarcinoma, Stage IV malignancy & who had marriage before 18years, incidence of HPV18 was relatively high.
Estimation of fetal weight at term by clinical and sonographic assessment and its correlation with the birth weight – A prospective cohort study in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Veena S R  , Palo Lal Bahadur , Kandasamy Ravichandran
Published: May 2024

Estimation of fetal weight is necessary to decide on the time and route of delivery. Different clinical and ultrasound methods for estimating fetal weight are followed by different institutions. Antenatal assessment of fetal weight is necessary to achieve better feto-maternal outcomes. The objectives of this study were: (a) fetal weight estimation by ultrasound (Hadlock’s formula) and clinical methods (Johnson’s formula and Dare’s formula) and (b) to compare them with the actual weight of the baby after birth.

A prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care centre at Puducherry, India including all singleton, term pregnant women with vertex presentation, normal AFI and BMI <35 kg/m who delivered within the next 48 hours of assessment. The agreement between the different methods of fetal weight estimation and actual birth weight were calculated using intraclass correlation coefficient. Bland and Altman plot was done to identify the intervals of agreements.

A total of 400 term antenatal women with age range of 17 to 44 years participated in the study. Intraclass correlation coefficient for Johnson’s formula was 0.816, Dare’s formula was 0.672 and Hadlock’s formula was 0.912. All the three methods had statistically significant correlation with the actual birth weight.

Ultrasound estimation of fetal weight is the best out of the three methods and it correlated well with the actual birth weight. Johnson’s formula also gave results close to actual birth weight. With a correlation coefficient comparable to that of ultrasound estimation, Johnson’s formula can be used in low resource settings where ultrasound facilities are not available.
Understanding the burden of teenage pregnancy: A five-year analysis at a tertiary care center of northern Karnataka in India
Authors: Raju S Ashiwini , Karelal Saraswathi , Makam Suvarna , Huchchannavar Raghavendra R
Published: May 2024

: The present study was planned to comprehensively investigate the epidemiological aspects and clinical feto-maternal outcomes associated with teenage pregnancy, to provide a holistic understanding of teenage pregnancy and the possible solutions.

: This is retrospective record-based research conducted over a five-year period, spanning from January 2018 to December 2022, in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a tertiary care centre in northern part of Karnataka, India. The teenage pregnancy was considered as all pregnancies that occurred in women aged between 13 to 19 years who visited the institute for delivery during the study period. A comprehensive analysis was conducted, encompassing various facets of their antenatal experiences, delivery methods, postpartum complications, as well as the well-being of the new-borns.

: A total of deliveries 52,715 deliveries had been recorded in our institute during the study period. Among these deliveries, 1,754 were among teenagers, resulting in a prevalence rate of 3.33%. Nearly one-fifth (19.16%) of teenage mothers were short stature whereas only 7.02% of adult mothers were short stature. The relatively higher proportion of teenage mothers were underweight. Maternal and fetal complication were comparatively higher among teenage mothers whereas caesarean sections were relatively more among adult mothers.

: The present study emphasizes the importance of targeted healthcare interventions, including improved prenatal care, nutritional support, and education for teenage mothers, to mitigate these risks and improve the overall health and well-being of both mothers and their infants.
A case of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster- Hauser syndrome type I
Authors: Chandekar Akanksha Sanjay , Shah Sushma Rakesh , George Monica , Vaghela Riya
Published: May 2024

Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterised by absence of uterus and vagina. Ovaries and fallopian tubes are normal and functional. Its incidence is 1 in 4500-5000 female. Patients present with primary amenorrhea with normal external genitalia and development of secondary sexual characteristics, and 46XX karyotype. It is usually diagnosed by MRI, CT or transabdominal USG, with MRI being the gold standard.
Ornithofauna seized by enforcement agencies from 2013 to 2022
Authors: Alencar Leonardo , Fonseca Rogerio
Published: May 2024

In Brazil, birds are the most common targets of wildlife trade. Their diversity, beautiful plumage and elaborate songs are differentials among other animals. Therefore, they are coveted either by breeders, to compose zoo collections, or even to become pets to the general population. The Federal Highway Police (PRF), integrated with the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA), aims to inspect and preserve the Brazilian natural environment. Most animals seized by enforcement agencies are sent to the Wild Animal Rehabilitation Centers (CETAS). This study aimed to evaluate illegal trade of wild birds in Brazil by analyzing, identifying and quantifying birds seized by IBAMA and PRF in Brazilian territory, to expand the knowledge of the scientific and popular community about the growth of poaching. This study used data from notices of seizure from 2013 to 2019 (IBAMA) and from 2018 to 2022 (PRF), both obtained via open databases of the corresponding agencies. In data consultation, information was collected on the number of species as well as the total number of animals seized from wildlife. During the evaluated period, the highest incidences of seizure correspond to the Columbiformes and Passeriformes orders. Thus, we identified the preference of certain species, families, and orders in illegal trade of birds in Brazil.
Geographical Disparities in Hypertension Incidence Rate in Iran 2004-2016: Bayesian Spatial Analysis
Authors: Zare Roghaye , Ghasemi Erfan , Djalalinia Shirin , Alimardi Masoud , Yoosefi Moein , Rahimi-Foroushani Abbas
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmia, and cardiomyopathy all include hypertension as a key risk factor. Research has shown that the early detection and treatment of hypertension and its risk factors, as well as public health policies to reduce behavioral risk factors, have led to a gradual reduction in mortality caused by heart disease and stroke in high-income countries in the past three decades. Trends in hypertension incidence have been monitored at the national level in Iran. The aim of this study examine province-level disparities in Hypertension incidence from 2004 to 2016.
Methods: Use the Non-Communicable Diseases Risk-Factors Surveillance in the Islamic Republic of Iran STEPs registry data. to estimate the incidence rate of hypertension for all provinces in 2004, 2006-2009, 2011, and 2016 using a Bayesian spatial model with Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm in OpenBUGS version 3.2.3 and R version 4.2.2.
Results: The estimated Hypertension incidence rate in total increased from 19.87 per 1000 people (95% credible interval 14.28, 25.48) in 2004 to 193.02 (171.92, 220.48) in 2016. According to the estimates of 2016, we found that the provinces of Markazi, Ardabil, and Semnan had the highest rate of hypertension, and the provinces of Hormozgan, and Sistan-Baluchistan had the lowest rate. Our findings show that Khorasan, North, Alborz, and Semnan have the most significant percentage change in incidence rate from 2004-2016.
Conclusion: To reduce the prevalence of hypertension in Iranian regions, it is crucial to develop regular hypertension screening programs, especially among the elderly