bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Causas e efeitos da incivilidade pela perspectiva das mulheres trabalhadoras em um ambiente universitário: uma pesquisa quanti-qualitativa
Authors: Janssens Bianca Cristina da Silva , Anunciação Luís Flávio Chaves , Krahe Thomas Eichenberg
Published: January 2024

A incivilidade é um fenômeno que acontece entre pessoas em todos os âmbitos sociais, inclusive nas universidades. Três atendimentos psicológicos realizados há mulheres docentes em uma universidade pública, incitaram uma pesquisa quanti-qualitativa com 40 mulheres, abrangendo docentes, técnico-administrativas e terceirizadas. O objetivo desse estudo foi dar voz às mulheres na universidade pública, pois essa ação fortalece a saúde coletiva, ao ampliar a compreensão dos efeitos da incivilidade pela perspectiva delas. Todas as entrevistas foram transcritas e, com uso do software IRaMuTeQ, foi construída a Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD) e análise dos Segmentos de Texto (ST) divididos por classes. Para melhor aprofundamento nesse retorno ao contexto, utilizou-se a análise de Bardin. Os resultados apresentaram que há relação entre os sintomas físicos e sofrimento mental com as causas das incivilidades, em especial, desentendimento entre os pares, silenciamento e sobrecarga de trabalho.
TRANSIENT ANALYSIS OF LIQUID-HYDROGEN TRANSFER IN CRYOGENIC STORAGE TANKS
Authors: Mahmoud A. M. , Lear W. E. , Sherif S. A.
Published: January 2024

Efficient transfer of liquid hydrogen is critical for a myriad of processes in terrestrial and extraterrestrial
applications. The objective of this study is to model and quantify the amount of liquid parahydrogen vaporized during a discharging/charging process in a cryogenic storage system. The effects that are included include geometrical effects (storage tank volume), two-phase compressible flow, choking/unchoking, and wall-fluid heat transfer. A brief description of other physical boil-off mechanisms is also presented. This study provides a foundation for applicationspecific optimization. The storage system studied comprises two interconnected tanks whose transfer line has a variation in the flow area.
This simulates current liquid-hydrogen storage and transportation systems. The model tracks the temperature-
and pressure-time histories of liquid hydrogen as it flows between storage tanks, in both the choked and unchoked flow regimes. The transfer of liquid is induced solely by the pressure differential that exists between the two storage tanks. An iterative technique helps account for choking, which is likely to exist at the throat in two-phase flow. Cases of zero and infinite tank-wall thermal mass are also
discussed. By analyzing the behavior of fundamental variables during the transient transfer of liquid
hydrogen, boil-off losses may be minimized if the variables with the greatest effect on boil-off losses are
controlled.
A LICENÇA OBRIGATÓRIA DE DIREITO DE PATENTE POR MOTIVOS DE INTERESSE PÚBLICO E A PANDEMIA SARS-CoV-2: CONSIDERAÇÕES NO DIREITO CONSTITUÍDO E DE LEGE FERENDA
Authors: MARQUES J. P. REMÉDIO
Published: January 2024

The study analyses, especially in an international context and in the context of the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic, the current relevance of issuing a compulsory patent right license (or patent application) — id est, national patent, European patent or via Patent Treaty Cooperation —, the transfer of technology (know-how) and access to test data, by other companies (public or private), submitted to the competent health authority and regarding vaccines and other inputs necessary to overcome or lessen the effects of this pandemic. The analysis carried out reveals that, by itself, this compulsory license is not the most appropriate legal tool to increase the availability of vaccines and other essential substances and processes to face the aforementioned pandemic at a global level.
A Systematic Review of Developing a Comprehensive and Strategic Framework for Business Model Innovation and Adaptation Amid Technology and Market-Driven Disruption for Incumbent Businesses
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, j j , Lee Jong-Keon , Joo Hyo-Surk
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This study aims to address a crucial gap in academic understanding regarding business-model innovation and adaptation, particularly within the dynamic landscape of technology and IT-based companies experiencing disruptive innovations. To meet the increased demand for a precise approach, timely execution, and relevant content in business-model evolution, this study strives to develop a comprehensive framework. Through synthesizing existing knowledge, the goal is to contribute valuable insights and offer a cohesive guide for businesses navigating the complexities of innovating and adapting their business models amidst technological disruptions.
Design/Methodology/Approach - Through a systematic review of 29 research articles from reputable journals, we employ a structured, five-step approach to define research questions, conduct literature search, select relevant studies, rigorously extract and synthesize data, and report findings. Emphasizing methodological rigor, consistent with established practices, this approach provides a robust foundation for developing a strategic framework for business model evolution amid disruptions.
Findings - This study contributes significantly by developing a comprehensive and integrated framework to help incumbent businesses navigate disrupter threats and implement business-model innovation. The synthesis of the relevant literature and practical guidance empowers incumbent businesses for long-term competitiveness.
Research Implications - This study has substantial implications, offering academia a comprehensive and integrated strategic framework for navigating disrupter threats through business-model innovation. It provides practical guidance for incumbent businesses, aiding in strategic decision-making and competitiveness. The findings set the stage for future research to explore industry-specific contexts and advance methods for early disrupter detection in the evolving landscape of technology disruptions.
La acción comunitaria contra la “basurización” de Hidalgo, México
Authors: Vázquez-Rodríguez Gabriela-Alejandra
Published: January 2024

En esta revisión se describe el uso instrumental que el poder central de México hace del territorio del estado de Hidalgo, como consecuencia del colonialismo, del metabolismo extremo de la Ciudad de México (CDMX) y de las políticas neoliberales derivadas del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte. Se recurre al término “basurización” para designar la posición subalterna del estado de Hidalgo frente a los intereses de la CDMX y a los procesos de acumulación del capital. Se exponen las consecuencias de este fenómeno, evidente en la degradación ambiental causada por la minería, la industria cementera y las aguas residuales de la CDMX. Asimismo, se emplean los conceptos de “zonas de sacrificio” e “infiernos ambientales” para explicar la acción comunitaria contra el deterioro de la calidad del aire en el corredor Apaxco-Tula-Atotonilco, la construcción de un confinamiento de residuos peligrosos en Zimapán, el Plan Hídrico de Tula de Allende, y la construcción de un relleno sanitario en Atitalaquia. Se concluye que esas acciones responden a la basurización histórica de las comunidades afectadas, y se resumen algunos factores clave para revertirla.
Beste Cornelis! Brieven van Johanna van Warmelo en Mevr. Marie M.E. van Warmelo-Maré aan jhr. Cornelis Beelaerts van Blokland
Authors: Schutte G
Published: January 2024

Jhr.dr. Cornelis Beelaerts van Blokland (1873-1948), zoon van gezant van de Zuid-Afrikaans-che Republiek Jhr.mr. G.J.Th. Beelaerts van Blokland, ging 1884-1886 school in Pretoria en werkte er 1896-1897. Hij was bevriend met het gezin Van Warmelo. Hij onderhield brief-wisseling met zowel dochter Johanna van Warmelo als haar moeder Marie van Warmelo-Maré. Johanna is bekend als dagboekschrijfster, haar brieven geven daarop interessante aanvullingen en leggen andere klemtonen. Minstens zo interessante zijn de brieven van haar moeder, met name over hun sociale en psychische na-oorlogse traumata. De brieven zijn onlangs ontdekt in het archief van Beelaerts van Blokland.
Patrone van onstabiliteit in die Suid-Afrikaanse politieke omgewing - 'n tendens-ekstrapolasie
Authors: Duvenhage A
Published: January 2024

Hierdie navorsing is 'n politieke omgewingsverkenning wat toegespits is op kernveranderlikes in die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing, politiek en ekonomie, en watter uitwerking dit op die korter termyn kan hê op politieke stabiliteit/onstabiliteit in Suid-Afrika. Die sentrale uitgangspunt van hierdie studie is dat die Suid-Afrikaanse politiek 'n kantelpunt bereik het, en dat talle veranderinge tans plaasvind met verreikende implikasies vir politieke, ekonomiese en maatskaplike orde, struktuur en algemene stabiliteit. Op grond van 'n kort konseptualisering van staat, staatsverswakking, politieke stelsel en stelselstabiliteit is 'n analitiese raamwerk gebruik om kernfaktore binne die domeine van die politiek, ekonomie, samelewing en internasionale omgewing te identifiseer, en die uitwerking en moontlike uitwerking daarvan op stabiliteit/onstabiliteit aan te dui. Met hierdie teoretiese, analitiese raamwerk as algemene uitgangspunt, en die uitgebreide gebruik van feitelike besonderhede (asook data, syfers en empiriese materiaal), om aannames en uitgangspunte te verifieer, is die kernbevinding van hierdie navorsing (die ekstrapolasie van die tendens) dat 'n periode van ernstige politieke onstabiliteit op die korter en medium termyne vir Suid-Afrika voorlê, wat nie sonder meer geïgnoreer kan word nie. Fundamentele hervorming blyk dringend noodsaaklik te wees binne hierdie geïdentifiseerde omstandighede om toekomstige patrone van politieke onstabiliteit en institusionele verval af te weer.
Ondersteuningsdienste aan leerders in openbare skole in die onderwysstelsels van die BRICS-lidlande
Authors: Kampfer L , Vos D , de Beer L
Published: January 2024

'n Onderwysstelsel is 'n raamwerk wat in die onderwysbehoeftes van 'n bepaalde teikengroep voorsien. Onderwysstelsels bestaan uit verskillende komponente en elemente om doeltreffende onderwys aan die hele teikengroep met bepaalde onderwysbehoeftes te verskaf. Hierdie komponente sluit die onderwysstelselbeleid, onderwysstelseladministrasie, onderwysstruktuur en ondersteuningsdienste in. Vir 'n onderwysstelsel om doeltreffend te funksioneer is dit nodig dat alle komponente volgens 'n bepaalde plan meewerk. Nuwe uitdagings word voortdurend aan onderwysstelsels gestel en daar is gedurig verandering in tegnologie, die gemeenskap, die teikengroep en die kurrikulum. Om te verseker dat doeltreffende onderrig in die onderwys-situasie plaasvind, is onderwys afhanklik van bykomende hulp van buite die onderwys. Hierdie ondersteuningsdienste (bykomende hulp) is noodsaaklik vir die doeltreffende funksionering van onderwys en lewer 'n bydrae tot die doeltreffendheid van onderwys. Die behoefte aan spesifieke tipes onderwysondersteuningsdienste verskil ten opsigte van verskillende onderwysstelsels, aangesien die behoeftes van die betrokke teikengroepe van mekaar kan verskil. Hierdie studie bestudeer onderwysondersteuningsdienste vir leerders as 'n komponent en element van die onderwysstelsel in die BRICS-lidlande en identifiseer die beste praktyke in die onderwysondersteuningsdienste in die lidlande. Die doel van die studie is gesetel in die feit dat daar in die verlede kommer by verskeie onderwysowerhede bestaan het ten opsigte van ondersteuningsdienste wat nie optimaal funksioneer nie en sodoende nie in die onderwysbehoeftes van onderwysers en leerders, asook onderrigaktiwiteite en -strukture, voorsien nie. Die navorsing is uitgevoer vanuit 'n kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering binne die raamwerk van die interpretivistiese navorsingsparadigma met behulp van dokumentontleding as metode van datagenerering. Die volgende temas uit die literatuurondersoek is geïdentifiseer: inklusiewe onderwys; hulpverlening aan leerders deur middel van mediese en tandheelkundige dienste; maatskaplike dienste; en voedingsdienste. Hierdie navorsing vorm deel van 'n groter BRICS-navorsingsprojek. Die BRICS-lidlande is as deelnemende lande vir die studie gekies aangesien al vyf lidlande betrokke is by die identifisering van hul behoeftes en die vestiging van aksieplanne om uiteindelik in die onderwysbehoeftes van die teikengroep te voorsien.
' n Beraming van die jaarlikse persoonlike in-komste en jaarlikse huishoudelike inkomste van Orania in 2021
Authors: Rossouw J
Published: January 2024

Hierdie artikel fokus op die jaarlikse persoonlike inkomste enjaarlikse huishoudelike inkomste van Orania in 2021. Met die oog hierop is Orania se sosio-ekonomiese opname, waarvan die veldwerk in 2021 afgehandel is en waarvan die resultate in 2022 gepubliseer is, tesaam met die besigheidsopname van 2022 ontleed. Die Orania Sakekamer reik koopbewyse uit wat bekend staan as die ora en wat op 'n een-tot-een grondslag gekoppel is aan die Suid-Afrikaanse rand. Die ora word afgekort deur middel van die simbool "φ". Ora-koepons sirkuleer as 'n wettige betaalmiddel in die dorp, teen φ1,00 gelyk aan R1,00. Aangesien inwoners van Orania verkies om bedrae in ora te benoem en nie die rand nie, word die navorsingsbevindings hier in ora gerapporteer. Die totale jaarlikse persoonlike inkomste van die inwoners van Orania in 2021 is op sowat φ300 miljoen beraam. Per capita jaarlikse persoonlike inkomste vir die 2 377 inwoners word dus op sowat φ125 000 beraam. Hierteenoor word die jaarlikse inkomste van huishoudings in Orania in 2021 op sowat φ200 miljoen beraam, wat heelwat laer is as die beraming vir jaarlikse persoonlike inkomste vir dieselfde tydperk. Hierdie verskil in ramings kan nie met bestaande opnamedata verklaar word nie. Die ramings van die jaarlikse persoonlike inkomste en jaarlikse huishoudelike inkomste word gestaaf deur die data wat verkry is uit die Orania-besigheidsopname. Die omset van sake-ondernemings in Orania in 2021 word op φ281 950 000 beraam en sake-eienaars het gerapporteer dat 51 persent van hul omset afkomstig was vanuit inwoners van Orania. Daar is sekere opnamefoute in die data, terwyl bykomende inligting nodig is om die ramings te verbeter. Inligting oor die huishoudelike besparing en persoonlike inkomstebelasting wat betaal word, sal die ramings kan verbeter. Inligting oor die netto betaling van belasting op toegevoegde waarde (BTW) deur sake-ondernemings sal ook hiertoe bydra. Bykomende inligting is onder meer nodig om Orania se bruto geografiese produk te beraam. Die gevolgtrekking kan nogtans gemaak word dat die jaarlikse persoonlike inkomste en jaarlikse huishoudelike inkomste van Orania in 2021 tussen φ200 miljoen en φ300 miljoen beloop het. Die beraming laat 'n marge van 50 persent, wat statisties groot is, maar bied nietemin 'n maatstaf waarvolgens toekomstige bevindings oor dieselfde onderwerp met mekaar en met die bevindings uit die verlede vergelyk kan word. Daar moet ook tot die slotsom geraak word dat die groeivlak van Orania se persoonlike en huishoudelike inkomste sedert 1991, toe dit vir alle doeleindes op nul gestaan het, beduidend is.
The Face of Battle: The 'Fighting First's' Baptism of Fire at the Battle of Elandslaagte, 21 October 1899
Authors: Mouton Dawid J.
Published: January 2024

This article investigates the experiences of the 1st Battalion of the Manchester Regiment in the Battle of Elandslaagte fought on 21 October 1899 during the South African War of 1899 to 1902. This was the Manchesters' first battle in nearly two decades and their first against modern weapons. Studies of the experiences of ordinary British soldiers during the South African War are limited. This scrutiny of letters written by the officers and troops of the Manchesters is supplemented by accounts published in British newspapers and an unpublished letter preserved in the Manchester Regiment Archive, all of which have been used to enhance existing narratives of the battle by exploring the soldiers' perspectives of war. The article suggests that by making use of such sources it is possible to reconstruct the British 'face of battle' during the South African War. These published letters have some limitations, however, and are inclined to adhere to the popular 'Tommy Atkins' stereotype. Exploring the battle from the Manchesters' viewpoint reveals that even though Elandslaagte was a near perfect execution of the three-stage set-piece battle, the soldiers involved experienced a turmoil of emotions ranging from confusion, frustration, loss, pain, discomfort, and even joy.
Jacob Dlamini and the hidden history tradition of South African historiography
Authors: Smith Edwin T.
Published: January 2024

Hidden histories are pervasive globally, particularly since the advent of 'history from below' as social history in the 1960s. Jacob Dlamini's body of work is firmly located within South African historiography's hidden histories tradition and practice. His most recent studies, both published in 2020, Safari Nation: A Social History of the Kruger National Park and The Terrorist Album: Apartheid's Insurgents, Collaborators, and the Security Police, are a remarkable contribution to this practice, indicating the purchase it has in developing and improving South African historiography. This article seeks, first, to demonstrate how Dlamini's Safari Nation deepens and enriches environmental and nature conservation historiography by incorporating the traditionally marginalised experiences of black South Africans in the making of the Kruger National Park and the development of nature conservation and leisure in South Africa. Secondly, it demonstrates how The Terrorist Album contributes to and improves South African struggle history through the telling of an often neglected or overlooked interface between surveillance technology and subterfuge in the liberation struggle. Keywords: Hidden history; struggle history; environmental history; conservation history; social history; South African historiography.
Employee engagement among women in technical positions in the South Africa mining industry
Authors: Mashaba N. , Botha D.
Published: January 2024

The aims of this study were to investigate the factors that influence women's engagement in technical positions in the South African mining sector and to determine what could be done to promote their successful participation. A convergent parallel mixed-methods research design was used to ascertain the factors that facilitate, inhibit, and influence engagement. In the quantitative phase of the study, questionnaires were circulated to women employeees; and in the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with employer representatives, most of whom were human resource personnel. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the three-factor structure (vigour, dedication, and absorption) of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale fit the sample data reasonably well. Although there is room for improvement, respondents demonstrated acceptable levels of engagement in their work. On the other hand, the qualitative findings showed that employee engagement is impacted by unfavourable working conditions, work-life balance, and the mining industry's male-dominated work culture. The findings showed that employee engagement should be elevated to a core human resource function. To increase the participation of women in mining, human resource professionals are encouraged to collaborate with mine supervisors, managers, and employees to develop programmes that promote employees' absorption in and dedication to their work.
Carbothermic reduction of a willemite concentrate for use in the Waelz process
Authors: Coimbra V.S. , de Lima G.M. , Leão V.A. , de Souza R.F.M. , Oliveira V.A.A.
Published: January 2024

A willemite concentrate consisting mainly of willemite (55.3%) and dolomite (15.6%) was reduced in a tube furnace with charcoal as reductant. The effects of temperature and varying reductant additions on zinc extraction were studied. A zinc recovery of 86% was achieved with 20% reductant in the charge at 1100°C. During reduction, the calcium oxide generated through calcination of the dolomite promoted decomposition of the willemite, thus lowering the temperature at which reduction took place. The presence of CaO improved the zinc recovery at all temperatures studied. The best zinc recovery (93%) was obtained in the presence of 5% CaO, 20% charcoal reductant, and at a temperature of 1100°C. The results show that the willemite concentrate studied has great potential to be used as a raw material for the Waelz process.
Religion and Migration in Iraq: Investigating the Reasons for Return of Internally Displaced Christians to Baghdeda
Authors: Monzer Nora , Öhlmann Philipp
Published: January 2024

The emergence of the terrorist group, Daesh in 2014 and the international military campaign against it caused both a humanitarian crisis and mass displacement in Iraq. About 5.8 million people became internally displaced, and as of 2021, 1.2 million of them still remain in displacement. This article engages with the question of what motivates people to return from displacement to their area of origin. It investigates the role that religion played in the decision of internally displaced Christians to return to Baghdeda in the Ninewa Plain, Iraq's largest Christian town. Based on qualitative interviews, the article examines the factors influencing people's decisions to return. We find that religion contributes to an array of pull factors positively influencing the decision to return, within the nexus of other considerations such as security, reconstruction, and economic opportunities. Religion was found to contribute to the return decision through the respondents' Christian identity, the encouragement to return by religious leaders, and the reconstruction efforts led by the churches. However, while these factors contributed to motivating people to return, these alone are not sufficient to motivate Christians to stay in Baghdeda in the long-term if other important conditions like the security situation and economic opportunities are not in place.
Restrictions on Funeral Gatherings during COVID-19: A Religious/Spiritual Perspective among the Zimbabwean Community Living in South Africa
Authors: Musoni Phillip
Published: January 2024

This essay endeavors to understand the impact of COVID-19 hard lockdown restrictions on funeral gatherings from a Zimbabwean religious/spiritual perspective. For most Zimbabwean Christians and non-Christians, funeral rites of passage are at the apex of all religious activities and are revered in most social settings. The central questions to this study are: How have funeral gathering restrictions impacted on the religious/spiritual beliefs of many Zimbabwean immigrants living in South Africa, who were not able to attend funeral ceremonies back home in Zimbabwe? What religious/spiritual implications does it have to attend or not attend funeral ceremonies from a Zimbabwean religious perspective? These questions are raised because during the pandemic, most Zimbabweans who lived in South Africa were forbidden to go home to attend funeral ceremonies due to travelling restrictions between the two countries. This study found that most Zimbabwean immigrants who did not participate in funeral rites of passage due to COVID restrictions were left with spiritual distress after the pandemic. Data for this article were collected through interviews with individuals from Zimbabwe who are living in South Africa. Interviewees were selected using purposive sampling. Confidentiality, anonymity, and suppression of names are some of the ethical considerations maintained throughout this research.
Адаптация русских и межкультурные отношения на постсоветском пространстве
Authors: Лебедева Надежда , Татарко Александр
Published: January 2024

Как происходит социокультурная и психологическая адаптация различных поколений русских, оказавшихся после распада Советского Союза в новых реалиях в постсоветских республиках? Какие стратегии адаптации используются русскими в различных контекстах новых постсоветских государств? Как складываются межкультурные отношения на постсоветском пространстве? На эти и другие вопросы отвечают авторы данного доклада, обобщая огромный опыт эмпирических исследований на постсоветском пространстве. Адресован социальным психологам, социологам, политологам, этнографам.
Parametric study on the effect of temperature on properties of engineered cementitious composites using induction furnace slag as a partial replacement for river sand
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Raipur, Naveen S , Bhat Govardhan ,   Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Raipur
Published: January 2024

This paper studies the effect of temperature on Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) properties using induction furnace slag (SS) as a partial replacement for river sand (RS). Replacement percentages are between 5 and 65%, with an increment of 15% by dry weight of RS having various particle sizes (2.36 mm, 1.18 mm and 0.6 mm). The cubes are subjected to various temperatures (200, 400, 600 and 8000C) in a muffle furnace. After heating, visual observations and strength deterioration of RS and SS ECC are assessed. The extent of postfire damage is determined using the UPV test. SEM and XRD are used to identify the changes in the microscopy morphology and the chemical compositions. It is clear from the test findings that with SS partially replacing RS, the heat insulation capacity of ECC is enhanced. Based on test results, the ECC up to 50% SS as an RS alternative performs better at all temperature exposures
Enhancing friction and wear performance in hybrid aluminum composites through grey relational analysis
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kumar Dinesh , Singh Satnam ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra
Published: January 2024

Hybrid aluminum metal matrix composites (AMMCs) include qualities including being lightweight, very effective, and highly resistant to wear, and corrosion. The process used in this study to maximize friction and minimize wear of hybrid AMMCs involves applying grey relational analysis (GRA) to optimize the process features. Stir-casting was used to create hybrid AMMCs of the Al-6061 alloy reinforced with graphene (Gr) and silicon carbide (SiC). The experiment used Taguchi's L27 design, and three process parameters—normal load, sliding distance, and sliding speed—were combined with GRA to produce the maximum coefficient of friction and lowest wear rate. Al-6Gr-6SiC obtained the maximum hardness of 128 VHN and 253 MPa as tensile strength, further coefficient of friction, and wear were analyzed for the same composite., respectively. The ideal mixture of graphene (6 weight percent) and silicon carbide (6 weight percent) as reinforcement in Al-6061 alloy obtained the optimum value of frictional coefficient (0.29766) and wear (0.002588 mm3/m), respectively.
Actio de in rem verso o acción de enriquecimiento sin justa causa en el orden jurídico colombiano
Authors: Restrepo Jhon Fernando , León Betancur Guillermo
Published: January 2024

El presente escrito tiene como propósito demostrar, mediante un análisis crítico de la Sentencia de unificación del Consejo de Estado del 19 de noviembre de 2012, radicado 24897, como la institución jurídica del enriquecimiento sin justa causa, que desde el Derecho Romano fue evolucionando durante centurias para erguirse como un medio autónomo para evitar el enriquecimiento ilegítimo de una parte, en detrimento de otra, que de manera correlativa ha sufrido un detrimento patrimonial injustificado, sin que medie la existencia de un contrato, y sin que pueda contar con otra vía procesal adecuada para procurar la compensación ante el rompimiento de la justicia conmutativa, se desdibuja y se hace prácticamente inoperante en materia contencioso administrativa a raíz de una postura jurisprudencial que la torna nugatoria al desconocer de plano el principio de equidad por el cual no resulta lícito enriquecerse a costa de otro que se ha empobrecido injustamente.
Desafiantes del Estado e Insumisos al Contrato. Libertad de apelación, resistencia y luchas por la construcción de un nuevo contrato social en el posconflicto.
Authors: Rojas Usma Didiher Mauricio
Published: January 2024

¿Bajo qué circunstancias el contrato social podría ser el resultado del desafío político?¿Es el contractualismo agonal una alternativa para las sociedades que transitan del desafío estatal armado a la sociedad posconflictiva? En contraste con algunas tesis centrales del contractualismo clásico, lo nombrado en el presente trabajo como contractualismo agonal plantea que el reconocimiento de la contienda y el desafío político constituyen una vía alternativa para la creación de nuevas formas del contrato social. Para ello se analizan, en primer lugar, los factores comprometidos en el desafío estatal y sus potenciales impactos en el contrato de acuerdo con los clásicos de la teoría contractualista: Hobbes, Locke y Rousseau; segundo, se identifican las limitaciones de la teoría contractual respecto del rol de los desafiantes del Estado. Finalmente, se argumenta porqué en las sociedades contemporáneas dicho desafío podría constituirse en una alternativa para transitar de la “eliminación” de los insumisos -los desafiantes del Estado- a un nuevo tipo de contractualismo agonal. A su vez, se responde a alternativas actuales sobre el contrato como el llamado solidarismo contractual.
Forecasting Time-varying Value--at--Risk and Expected Shortfall Dependence: A Markov-switching Generalized Autoregressive Score Copula Approach
Authors: Makatjane Katleho
Published: January 2024

The importance of accurately forecasting extreme financial losses and their effects on the institutions involved in a given financial market has been highlighted by recent financial catastrophes. The flexibility with which econometric models can take into account the highly non-linear and asymmetric dependence in financial returns is a critical component of their capacity to forecast extreme events. Therefore, this study aims to forecast time-varying Value-at-Risk and expected shortfall dependence as a predictive density-based regime changes over time. To achieve this, a non-stationary Markov-switching generalized Autoregressive score model nested with copula is estimated using expectation–maximization (EM) algorithm. Extending this non-stationary model is quite challenging, as it requires specifications not only on how the usual parameters change over time but also those with mass distribution components. Dynamics of the estimated autoregressive score allowed the copula parameters to respond rapidly to time-varying key systemic parameters and risk. This is because regime changes are allowed to oscillated between high and low regimes. This is a clear indication of a regime shift in the parameters of an estimated model. Using the minimum score combining, six extreme value distributions are combined to the estimated MS(2)-GAS(1)-copula model and assessed the performance of each combined model 5 days and 30 days forecasting of value-at-risk and expected shortfall. The results of the forecasting performance indicated that the MS(2)-GAS(1)-GPD is the best model to model and forecast Value-at-risk and expected shortfall for the Botswana stock market. This is a promising technique for stochastic modeling of time-varying Value-at-Risk and Expected Shortfall. In addition, a foundation is provided for future researchers to conduct studies on emerging markets. These results are also important for risk managers and investors.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND BUSINESS PROCESS INNOVATION IN SLOVENIAN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY: AN IN-DEPTH QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors:   University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Department of Economics, School of Economics and Business, Končan Hana , Domadenik Muren Polona , Ražman Sara
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to delve into the process of transforming business models and value chains within the automotive industry, with a specific focus on the significance of digital transformation (DT) and its role in addresing transition challenges based on changed consumer preferences, electrification and supply chain complexities. By examining empirical insights derived from in-depth interviews conducted with Slovenian companies operating in automotive industry, this study contributes to the existing literature by establishing connections and shared concepts across various research domains. It sheds light on key empirical findings within a country boasting a long tradition in automotive industry, while providing informed recommendations. The main findings underscore the considerable variations between companies in terms of their current technological progress and the technologies they employ in their operational processes. These differences are influenced by factors such as their position within the supply chain, company size and the leadership’s attitude toward embracing digital solutions.
DETERMINANTS OF BROILER PRODUCTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON POVERTY STATUS AMONG CIVIL SERVANTS IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
Authors:   Institute for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Economics Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria, Iliya N. R. , Oladimeji Y. U. , Ojeleye O. A. , Jabil I. Y. , Mani J. R.
Published: January 2024

The research was carried out to analyze broiler production as a sustainable tool in reducing poverty among civil servants in Plateau State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: determine the profitability of broiler production; evaluate the poverty status and the effect of broiler income on the poverty status of the civil servants; identify the socio-economic factors influencing the level of broiler production; and describe the constraints of broiler production. Data from 120 members of Poultry Association of Nigeria (PAN) who are civil servants, were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Majority of the civil servants that engaged in broiler farmers were women. Findings revealed that the influx of new entrants into broiler production in recent times was due to the ban on importation of frozen poultry product by the Federal Government of Nigeria which create high demand-supply gap. The civil servants’ broiler producers earned a profit margin of 58% and return on investment of ₦1.67 per Naira invested. This resulted into reduced FGT poverty indices. The level of broiler production were significantly determined by sex, level of education and experience at different level of probability. Likewise, the poverty status of the civil servants were significantly affected by salary and income from broiler production at 1 and 5 % levels of probability. Major constraints in broiler production were high cost of feed and vaccines. Government ban on importation of poultry meat is plausible and should be further imbibed by the Nigerian citizens to consume home grown poultry meat.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 CRISIS ON ITALIAN PROXIMITY TOURISM: AN ORIGIN-DESTINATION MATRIX APPROACH
Authors:   University of Palermo, Department of Economics, Business and Statistics, Palermo, Italy, Venturella Ludovica , Sciortino Caterina , De Cantis Stefano
Published: January 2024

The importance of proximity tourism has increased in the recent years due to COVID-19 crisis. Due to restrictions imposed by Governments to contain contagions, people could not cross national borders. Considering the work carried out by Guardia and Muro (2009) first, Domínguez (2014), and Alvarez-Diaz et al. (2020) later, this work focuses on the assessment of proximity tourism in Italy in the 2019-2020-2021 period. This study is based on the analysis of microdata made available by ISTAT (Italian Institute of Statistics). The work proposes to shed more light on the concept of proximity tourism and, in so doing, authors used an origin-destination matrix approach by calculating the coefficient of tourist attractiveness. The results of the study suggest a significant increase in trips within the Italian territory. Furthermore, these findings are also important in the political and market-decision sphere to orient internal and local policies in terms of domestic tourism.
A Study on the Efficient B2C Work Method of Fashion Logistics Center: Focusing on the Comparison of Flow Shop and Job Shop Methods
Authors:   The Korean Logistics Research Association, Oh Seung-Chul , Ahn Young-Hyo
Published: January 2024

The fashion industry consists of textile industries that produce and sell textile raw materials clothing industries that manufacture and sell clothing distribution industries that sell fashion consumer goods fashion information fashion publishing and fashion consulting. As the fashion industry gradually moves from offline to online transactions at online shopping malls in the fashion county rose 3.3 percent year-on-year to 49.8158 trillion won in 2022, according to the Seoul Investment Administration. In other words through the pandemic due to COVID-19, the restructuring of fashion distribution channels has accelerated reducing offline distribution networks and rapidly growing online distribution networks. ssfshop, LF, Kolon FnC, and E-Land Group are strengthening their online distribution networks and marketing while Musinsa, W Concept, Zigzag, Able and Brandy which are called the online fashion platform “Big 5,” have “stormous growth.” In this way with the acceleration of online distribution in the fashion industry logistics centers are also establishing an online-only system. However unlike B2B fashion logistics B2C fashion logistics is not easy to achieve logistics operation optimization through automated facilities (Auto Sorter, Digital Picking System (DPS). The reason for this is that B2C fashion logistics manually performs a series of processes such as single/multiple picking of individual units invoice output packaging invoice attachment and delivery preparation according to individual orders of consumers. In addition B2C Fashion Logistics requires work speed and efficiency for rapid and accurate order processing coping with seasonal shipping demand packaging accuracy of skilled personnel and rapid return processing. A study on the efficient working method of B2C fashion logistics was published in 2022 through a study on how to streamline the B2C process of shoe logistics applying the Line Balance methodology. However there was a limit to the fact that the previous paper was not able to conduct comparative analysis with various companies by research and analysis centered on Company A. Therefore this study aims to expand line balancing research in 2022 to introduce the “Flow Shop and Job Shop Method,” which is a work process method and to compare and study work efficiency by applying the Flow Shop and Job Shop methods, focusing on the B2C tasks of Fashion Logistics Center A and B. In addition, this study differs from the meaning of mutual comparison and research on ways to increase work productivity by applying the Flow Shop and Job Shop methods of logistics centers to revitalize online channels in the fashion industry, focusing on the cases of Company A and B.
The Role of Stress Transfer in Rupture Nucleation and Inhibition in the 2023 Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, Sequence, and a One-Year Earthquake Forecast
Authors: Toda Shinji , Stein Ross S.
Published: January 2024

We probe the interaction of large earthquakes on the East Anatolian fault zone, site of four Mw ≥ 6.8 events since 2020. We find that the 2023 Mw 7.8 Pazarcık shock promoted the Mw 7.7 Elbistan earthquake 9 hr later, largely through unclamping of the epicentral patch of the future rupture. Epicentral unclamping is also documented in the 1987 Superstition Hills, 1997 Kagoshima, and 2019 Ridgecrest sequences, so this may be common. The Mw 7.7 Elbistan earthquake, in turn, is calculated to have reduced the shear stress on the central Pazarcık rupture, producing a decrease in the aftershock rate along that section of the rupture. Nevertheless, the Mw 7.7 event ruptured through a Çardak fault section on which the shear stress was decreased by the Mw 7.8 rupture, and so rupture propagation was not halted by the static stress decrease. The 2020 Mw 6.8 Doğanyol–Sivrice earthquake, located beyond the northeast tip of the Mw 7.8 Pazarcık rupture, locally dropped the stress by ∼10 bars. The 2023 Mw 7.8 earthquake then increased the stress there by 1–2 bar, leaving a net stress drop, resulting in a hole in the 2023 Pazarcık aftershocks. We find that many lobes of calculated stress increase caused by the 2020–2023 Mw 6.8–7.8 earthquakes are sites of aftershocks, and we calculate 5–10 faults in several locations off the ruptures brought closer to failure. The earthquakes also cast broad stress shadows in which most faults were brought farther from failure, and we observe the beginnings of seismicity rate decreases in some of the deepest stress shadows. Some 41 Mw ≥ 5 aftershocks have struck since the Mw 7.8 mainshock. But based on these Coulomb interactions and on the rapid Kahramanmaraş aftershock decay, we forecast only about 1–3 Mw ≥ 5 earthquakes during the 12–month period beginning 1 December 2023, which is fortunately quite low.
Model Pembelajaran Kontekstual terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pelajaran Musik Kelas VIII Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Ningrum Lilik Widhya , Pratamawati E.W. Suprihatin Dyah , Hartono Hartono
Published: January 2024

Pembelajaran seni dan budaya musik di SMPN 3 Singosari juga mengacu pada teori bahwa Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal tidak dapat dipenuhi dengan nilai optimal 78. Saat ini baru sekitar 85 persen pembelajaran yang seharusnya berada pada kisaran 90-100 persen. Peran guru dalam menentukan model pembelajaran yang tepat, salah satunya ialah model pembelajaran kontekstual dalam pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu penelitian disini bermaksud agar mengetahui dan melaporkan pengaruh model pembelajaran kontekstual pada hasil belajar peserta didik kelas VIII mata pelajaran seni budaya (musik) di SMP Negeri 3 Singosari. Metodenyang dipakai dalam penelitian ini ialah penelitian kuantitatif memakai desain eksperimen. Sampel ditentukan dengan memanfaatkan teknik nonprofit sampling dan objektif sampling sehingga peneliti mengambil siswa dari dua kelas yaitu kelas VIII G sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII H sebagai kelas kontrol. Data dikumpulkan dari nilai post-test terbaik dan terbanyak. Berdasarkan rerata terbaik dan postes kelas eksperimen dan kontrol serta hasil uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji linieritas dan uji sampel independen, model pembelajaran kontekstual diketahui berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa materi seni budaya (musik) untuk siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 3 Singosari.
Kata kunci: model pembelajaran kontekstual; hasil belajar
The Effect of Contextual Learning Model on Student Learning Outcomes in Music Class for Eighth Grade Junior High School Students
Learning arts and culture and music at State Junior High School 3 Singosari also refers to the theory that the Minimum Completeness Criteria cannot be met with an optimal score of 78. Currently, only about 85 percent of learning should be in the 90-100 percent range. The teacher's role in determining the right learning model, one of which is the contextual learning model in learning. Therefore, this research aims to find out and report on the effect of the contextual learning model on the learning outcomes of class VIII students on Monday's cultural (music) lessons at State Junior High School 3 Singosari. The method used in this research is quantitative research using experimental design. The sample was determined by using non-profit sampling and objective sampling techniques so that the researchers took students from the two classes, namely class VIII G as the experimental class and class VIII H as the control class. Data were collected from the best and most post-test scores. Based on the best average and posttest experimental and control classes as well as the results of the normality test, homogeneity test, linearity test and independent sample test, the contextual learning model is known to have an effect on student learning outcomes in cultural arts (music) materials for students in class VIII at State Junior High School 3 Singosari.
Keywords: contextual learning model; learning outcomes
Aplicaciones de las celdas de combustible microbiano
Authors: Vega González Marcos
Published: January 2024

Uno de los mayores problemas al que nos enfrentamos en la actualidad es la contaminación medioambiental provocada principalmente por la actividad humana, incluyendo sus actividades industriales, el transporte y las prácticas de eliminación de desechos. En respuesta a este problema, está creciendo el interés por encontrar fuentes de energía renovables y combustibles biológicos respetuosos con el medio ambiente que puedan suplir las necesidades globales. Una solución prometedora es el uso de Celdas de Combustible Microbiano o “Microbial Fuel Cells” (MFC) y de bacterias electrogénicas. Se trata de una tecnología emergente y en constante evolución cuyo uso ofrece una serie de ventajas sobre las fuentes de energía tradicionales. Por un lado, son limpias, sostenibles y producen una cantidad mínima de emisiones contaminantes. También son escalables, con adecuación para su aplicabilidad en una variedad de entornos, desde hogares y empresas hasta macroestructuras como centrales eléctricas o plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales. Por otro lado, todavía hay desafíos que abordar antes de que MFCs y bacterias electrogénicas puedan ser empleadas de manera amplia y sostenible para, de esta forma, competir con las fuentes de energía tradicionales.
Geobotánica y Salvador Rivas-Martínez
Authors: Penas Ángel , Del Río Sara
Published: January 2024

Salvador Rivas Martínez, oficialmente Salvador Carmelo Marcelo Trinidad Rivas Martínez, nació en Madrid el 16 de julio de 1935. Hijo y nieto de los catedráticos de Botánica de la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, los Dres. Salvador Rivas Goday y Marcelo Rivas-Mateos. En recuerdo a ellos recibió dos de sus nombres. El tercero, Trinidad, en honor a su madre, y el cuarto, Carmelo, por haber nacido el día de la Virgen del Carmen. Falleció el 27 de agosto de 2020 en Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), tenía 85 años. En los últimos años nos decía con frecuencia: Que sepáis que yo seguiré trabajando hasta los 90, luego ya veremos. No pudo ser, aunque hasta pocos días antes de su fallecimiento continuó trabajando y creando ciencia, de la misma manera que llevaba haciendo durante toda su vida.
Efectos del cambio climático en hábitats naturales y táxones vegetales de importancia comunitaria (Directiva 92/43/ CEE) en la cuenca mediterránea europea
Authors: Ferreiro Lera Giovanni-Breogán
Published: January 2024

Hace casi 50 años que el ser humano es consciente de que nos enfrentamos a un período de calentamiento global. Desde que W. S. Broecker acuñara el término en 1975 hasta que en el año 2020 el secretario general de las Naciones Unidas declarara el estado de “emergencia climática mundial”, investigaciones dirigidas desde todas las partes del mundo apuntan en una misma dirección: el clima está cambiando. La causa no nos es ajena. Ya en 1971 el afamado Instituto Tecnológico de Massachusetts (más conocido como MIT o “emeité”) publicó un informe en el que creían haber encontrado una “modificación climática inadvertida”, que podía atribuirse a la quema masiva de combustibles fósiles iniciada a mediados del siglo XIX para alimentar la naciente industria humana (Weart, 2003). El último informe del IPCC cifra el aumento en la temperatura media global con respecto al período de referencia 1850-1900 en 1,6 ºC (IPCC, 2021). Esto, unido a la ocurrencia de veranos más calurosos, de olas de calor más frecuentes y de mayor magnitud que ya no se limitan sólo al estío, de eventos de precipitación extrema y de un larguísimo etcétera de eventos meteorológicos inusuales, hacen que la modificación climática insinuada por el MIT a principios de los setenta ya no sea tan inadvertida.