bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of biodiesel derived from pork fat of swill and concentrate-fed pigs
Authors:   Department of  Livestock Production and Management, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Wayanad 673576, Vijin V. L. , Abraham John , Chinnappan Balusami , George Sabin , Chacko Biju , Sathu T. , Valsalan Namratha
Published: October 2024

With the escalating demand for sustainable energy solutions, unconventional sources are gaining attention, including the utilisation of pork fat for biodiesel production. This study investigates the influence of different pig feeding systems, namely swill and concentrate, on the characteristics and performance of biodiesel derived from pork oil. Twelve Large White Yorkshire piglets were divided into two treatments: one following standard feeding practices (T1), and the other exclusively fed with swill (T2). The pigs were slaughtered, and their fat was processed into biodiesel through transesterification. The fuel properties of the biodiesel were analysed, including kinematic viscosity, flash point, fire point, gross calorific value, and low-temperature fuel properties. Additionally, engine performance and exhaust emissions of a biodiesel blend (B20) derived from pork oil were evaluated and compared to commercial diesel fuel using a Kirloskar single-cylinder diesel engine connected to an eddy current dynamometer. Results indicate that both T1 and T2 B20 biodiesel exhibit favourable characteristics comparable to diesel, with promising fuel density, injection duration, mass flow rate, brake-specific fuel consumption, and brake thermal efficiency across various load conditions. Moreover, critical factors such as cetane number and gross calorific value suggest suitable ignition qualities and energy content, highlighting the potential of pork oil-derived biodiesel as a sustainable alternative fuel source. Keywords: Biodiesel, pork fat, swill, concentrate feeding systems
Management of postpartum anoestrus in Vechur cows by hormonal methods
Authors:   Department of Animal Reproduction Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur-680 651, Sundar V. , Aravind Amritha , Jayakumar C. , Benjamin E. D. , Kurian Elizabeth
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to evaluate suitable hormonal treatment regimen for inducing oestrus in postpartum anoestrus Vechur cows and its reproductive outcome. The efficiency of Ovsynch and Ovsynch + progesterone protocols in 12 anoestrus cows was studied. Six anoestrus cows were kept as untreated control and they were observed for a period of 180 days postpartum. Both treatment protocols resulted in a complete oestrus induction response of 100 per cent. The interval from treatment to induced oestrus was significantly lower in the Ovsynch group (50.10 ± 1.44 h) than in the Ovsynch + progesterone (54.40 ± 0.48 h) group. In comparison to the control group, treatment group animals displayed a high intensity score for oestrus. The duration of oestrus in the Ovsynch group (26.41 ± 0.53 h) was significantly longer than the control (24.45 ± 0.46 h) group and the Ovsynch + progesterone group (24.13 ± 0.42 h). The overall conception rate for three consecutive AI in Ovsynch, Ovsynch + progesterone and control group were 66.67, 83.33 and 33.33 per cent, respectively. The calving to conception intervals were significantly (p<0.001) shorter in Ovsynch (118.33 ± 9.71 d) and Ovsynch + progesterone (106.67 ± 8.12 d) groups than the control (191.5 ± 5.36 d). It is concluded that hormonal treatment is effective in inducing postpartum oestrus and reducing the calving to conception interval in Vechur cows. Keywords: Ovsynch, postpartum anoestrus, progesterone, Vechur
Evaluation of storage stability of poultry by-product meal incorporated fish feed under aerobic storage condition
Authors:   Department of Livestock Products Technology, Kannatti Sahla , Irshad A. , Ebeneezar Sanal , Vasudevan V.N. , Sathu T. , Mathew Binsy
Published: October 2024

The research focused on development of fish feed utilising poultry by-product meal (PBM) as a substitute for fish meal (FM) and evaluating its shelf life under aerobic packaging conditions. Initially, a basal diet (C) was formulated to meet the nutritional requirements for optimal growth of Tilapia by using FM as the major protein source. After analysing the nutritional composition of PBM, an isoproteinaceous diet (T) was formulated by replacing FM with PBM. The product was packed in HDPE bags and kept at room temperature and analysed for physico chemical and microbial characteristics for 45 days at weekly intervals. Moisture content of both C and T decreased significantly (p0.05) was found between C and T. The TBARS value of both C and T followed an increasing trend. This increase in C was not significant (p<0.01) between 28th and 35th day, and between 42nd and 45th day but that of T increased significantly (p<0.01) throughout the storage period. T consistently displayed the highest TBARS value during storage period. Tyrosine Value (TV) of both C and T also increased during storage and was significant (p<0.01) up to 42nd day of storage. C exhibited the highest TV throughout the storage period. Similarly, total viable count (TVC) of both C and T increased on storage. The increase in TVC for C was not significant (p<0.01) between 21st and 28th days, whereas that of T was significant (p<0.01) throughout the storage period. On 45th day, T exhibited highest count and was significantly different (p<0.01) from C. Throughout the 45-day storage period, no observable coliform count or yeast and mould count was noted in either C or T. The present study indicated that fish feed can be effectively prepared by utilising PBM and can be stored under room temperature up to 45 days. Keywords: Poultry by-product meal, fish meal, fish feed, storage stability
Effect of gamma irradiation and thermal pasteurisation on functional quality of liquid whole egg
Authors:   Department of Livestock Products Technology, Kumar Linda S. , Vasudevan V.N. , Sathu T. , Irshad A. , Jolly Deepa
Published: October 2024

The present study aimed to assess the effect of gamma irradiation and thermal pasteurisation on the functional quality of liquid whole egg. Three separate liquid whole egg (LWE) homogenate samples were used in the study: Control untreated LWE (C), gamma irradiated at a previously validated pasteurisation dose of 3kGy, and thermally pasteurised at a core temperature of 60±1°C for 3.5 min (T). Samples were analysed for their functional properties on the day of pasteurisation.The foaming capacity and foaming stability were significantly (p<0.05) higher, whereas the viscosity was significantly (p<0.05) lower for G when compared to C and T. The emulsifying capacity of G was significantly (p<0.05) lower than C, whereas emulsifying stability of G did not differ significantly from C. According to the findings of this study, subjecting the LWE to gamma irradiation at 3kGy, showed no alterations in emulsifying capacity whereas foaming capacity and foaming stability was improved, when compared to the untreated control (C). The G showed lower viscosity and emulsifying stability Keywords: Liquid whole egg, cold pasteurised, thermally pasteurised, functional properties
Effect of incorporating wheat bran as a dietary fibre source in fermented carabeef sausage
Authors:   Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur-680651, Aisha T. S. , Irshad A. , Vasudevan V. N. , Sathu T. , Ambily R. , Rejeesh R.
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the incorporation of wheat bran into semi-dry fermented carabeef sausages, analysing their physico-chemical properties, sensory properties and microbiological quality, with an emphasis on the impact of refrigerated storage. Utilizing buffalo meat, which is prominent in India’s meat industry due to its health benefits and minimal religious consumption restrictions, this research focused on enhancing the dietary fiber content of sausages a product traditionally low in fibers. Wheat bran, known for its high fiber content and health benefits, was integrated at varying levels (6%, 8% and 10%) into sausage formulations. The treatment that included 8% wheat bran emerged as the optimum choice based on cooking yield and sensory attributes, exhibiting significant improvements in moisture retention and overall acceptability compared to the control. Over 60 days of refrigerated storage, both control and most accepted treatment sausages demonstrated a reduction in pH and moisture content, with an increase in microbial counts and indices of oxidative and nitrogenous degradation. Despite these changes, the sensory parameters of treatment sausages with 8% wheat bran were maintained at acceptable levels throughout the storage period. This study concludes that the incorporation of fibre into fermented carabeef sausages can improve sensory attributes and extend the product’s shelf life, suggesting a promising approach for enhancing the nutritional profile and storage stability of meat products. Keywords: Fermented carabeef sausage, dietary fibre, wheat bran, storage study
Substance P a potent prognostic indicator for canine mammary tumours- a comparative study
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur- 680 651, Ramankutty Soumya , Anoop S, , Venugopal Syam K. , Narayanan M. K. , Nisha A. R. , Radhika G.
Published: October 2024

Substance P, a neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous system, is considered as a biomarker of pain due to its key role in nociception. But recent researches have proved the increased expression of Substance P and its receptors in human breast cancers and their role in its progression. Canine mammary glands and spontaneously occurring neoplasms in them are considered best models for human breast cancers. Hence as a preliminary study, the present research work was undertaken to assess the level of Substance P in dogs with mammary tumours in comparison to healthy dogs. From the dogs brought for ovariohysterectomy and mammary tumour resection, 20 female dogs were selected for the study. Signalment and detailed history regarding each dog were recorded. All the dogs were subjected to thorough preanaesthetic evaluation and were grouped into Group I (mammary tumour) and II (control group) with 10 dogs each. Blood was collected from all the dogs and serum was separated and stored at -20ºC for estimation of substance P. The same was performed using sandwich ELISA technique with canine specific Substance P ELISA kit. The values obtained for Group I and II were statistically analysed using independent t- test. The level of substance P was significantly higher in the dogs of Group I when compared to Group II Keywords: Substance P, mammary tumour, dogs
In vitro assessment of assembly and sex pheromones in the control of larval stages of brown dog ticks
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Basheer E. Hiba , Lakshmanan Bindu , Sethulekshmi M. J. , Rajagopal Asha , Athira C.P. , Nair Suresh N , Priya M.N. , Devada K.
Published: October 2024

The increasing incidence of tick-borne diseases and the growing resistance to conventional acaricides underscore the urgent need for innovative and sustainable tick management strategies. This study investigates the potential of assembly and sex pheromones for the control of larval stages of Rhipicephalus sanguineus, the brown dog tick, which poses significant health risks to dogs. The ticks were collected from various canine hosts in Thrissur, Kerala and subjected to Petri-dish bioassays using vapour patches impregnated with synthetic assembly pheromone (AP) and sex pheromone (SP), both individually and in combination. The efficacy of these semiochemicals was assessed based on the attraction and clustering behaviour of unfed larvae and partially fed adult ticks over a 24-hour period. Results demonstrated a significantly higher attraction to AP-impregnated patches, with notable efficacy observed in causing tick aggregation, particularly beyond 30 min of exposure. While SP also showed potential in attracting ticks, the combination of SP and AP did not result in a synergistic effect. The study highlights the potential of using semiochemicals as an environmentally sustainable alternative to traditional acaricides, highlighting their role in integrated pest management strategies Keywords: Rhipicephalus sanguineus, adenine, guanine, xanthine, 2,6-DCP, Petri-dish bioassay
Detection of replication-competent circular single stranded DNA from Deoni cattle
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Chinnu M. V. , Uma R. , Shynu M. , Panicker Varuna P. , Vijay Deepthi , Roshna K. , Megha P. S.
Published: October 2024

Bovine meat and milk factors (BMMF) having structural similarity to plasmids of Acinetobacter baumanni and some single stranded (ss) DNA viruses are free circulating replication-competent circular ssDNA molecules which were first isolated from serum of Bos taurus animals. Isolation of BMMF from tissues of multiple sclerosis as well as some cancers led researchers to conclude that the consumption of these agents through milk and meat have a positive correlation with these diseases and that the absence of such molecules in B. indicus animals could account to the low occurrence of cancer in those areas consuming products of indigenous animals. Hence, the present study was designed to investigate its presence in Deoni, one of the indigenous cattle breeds of India. The DNA isolated from milk samples were subjected to rolling circle amplification (RCA) using exo-resistant random primers. The products of RCA were then used as template for PCR for amplification of circular DNA. The amplicons obtained of size around 2000bp were cloned in E. coli and sequenced. The BLASTn, multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequences were carried out to identify the similarities of these isolates. The sequence showed maximum homology with either BMMF2 or plasmids of Acinetobactor spp. Replication initiation protein (Rep) which showed similarity to bacterial plasmids was present in the sequence. This is the pioneer report on the presence of BMMF in milk of indigenous cattle of India. Keywords: BMMF, replication-competent, circular ssDNA, Deoni
Follicular persistence, oestradiol level and conception on the first and second day of oestrus and influence of thermal stress in cross-bred dairy cows manifesting prolonged oestrus
Authors:   Krishi Vigyan Kendra, KCAET Campus, Tavanur. Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, India, Kutty C. Ibraheem
Published: October 2024

Increasing incidence of prolonged oestrus reported in cross-bred dairy cows bred through artificial insemination (AI), is attributed to various causative factors and underlying mechanisms. The present study was to assess the pattern of follicular growth, oestrogen secretion, and conception on the first and second day of oestrus and to understand the influence of thermal stress as a causative factor for oestrus prolongation. The year-round study involved 52 crossbred cows intensively managed under a hot humid climate, during their second and third months postpartum. Animals were examined for the status of ovarian follicles, oestrogen level, and conception to AI on Day 0 and Day 1 of oestrus confirmation and the findings were compared across seasons. While oestrus detection rate (ODR) and conception of AI were lowest during the summer season attributable to maximum TS, better ODR (P<0.05) and more prolonged oestrus (P<0.01) occurred during the seasons of favourable climate having least TS and better green fodder availability. Besides, the occurrence of larger follicles and almost similar oestradiol levels on Day 0 and Day 1 of oestrus, better conception rate for double AI (63.16 %) than total AI (48.48 %) indicated prolonged oestrus and involvement of delayed ovulation among the causation. Comparison of the seasonal pattern of follicular growth, oestrogen level, and conception to AI between Day 0 and Day 1 further clarifies the influence of TS and increased milk production as the potential contributors to the occurrence of prolonged oestrus in cross-bred cows under the hot humid tropical climate. Keywords: Crossbred cow, Oestrogen, Prolonged oestrus, Thermal stress
Qualitative phytochemical analysis of bioactive constituents in acetone extract of seeds of Hydnocarpus pentandra
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence, Mathew Manju K. , Unny N. Madhavan , George Arun , Ajithkumar S. , Rani S. Suja , Ramnath V.
Published: October 2024

Ethnoveterinary medicine focuses on the practical use of community or area based traditional and indigenous knowledge including the collection, preparation and administration of medicinal plants or plant parts for curing diseases of animals. Hydnocarpus pentandra is a plant endemic to South India which is traditionally known for the antileprotic activity of its seed oil. Diverse pharmacological activities of the plant extracts depend on the presence of its secondary metabolites. The present research was conducted to explore the phytochemical constituents present in the acetone solvent extract of the seeds of H. pentandra. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract using colorimetric reactions revealed the presence of steroids, triterpenes, diterpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids and carbohydrates. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the presence of different compounds which included paromomycin, D-streptamine, carnegine, 4-propyl acridine and R-limonene. The acetone extract could be considered as a potent source of new molecules with different pharmacological actions. Keywords: Hydnocarpus pentandra, phytochemical screening, secondary metabolites
Successful management of megaoesophagus associated with hypothyroidism in a dog: A case report
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Ethics and Jurispridence, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Wayanad – 673 576, Malavika J. , Habeeb Biju P. , Unny N. Madhavan , David Vinu , Remya V.
Published: October 2024

A seven-year-old male Dachshund was presented with a history of chronic regurgitation and weight loss for two months. On clinical examination, dry and rough hair coat with alopecia on nose bridge and rat tail appearance were observed. Elevated rectal temperature and increased respiratory rate were noticed. Auscultation of lung field revealed mild crackles. Leucocytosis and mild anaemia were evident on complete blood count. Hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and elevation of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were observed in serum biochemistry. The total T4 (TT4) value was low and canine-specific thyroid stimulating hormone (cTSH) was elevated. Megaoesophagus was confirmed by plain radiography. Barium contrast radiograph revealed generalised dilatation with pooling of barium in the oesophagus. The animal was treated with levothyroxine sodium at 0.02 mg/kg BW PO BID and bethanechol at 10 mg PO TID. Supportive therapy included antibiotics, antacids and antiemetics. Elevated feeding was advised. The animal had no episodes of regurgitation even after one month Keywords: Megaoesophagus, hypothyroidism, bethanechol, elevated feeding
Differential Expression of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 3 (MAP2K3) and Interleukin12B (IL12B) in the Bursa of Fabricius of chicken infected with Infectious Bursal Disease Virus
Authors:   .Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Teja V.V.G. Nikhil , Nair Sreeja R. , Priya P.M. , Ambily R. , Kurien Elizabeth
Published: October 2024

Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) caused by Infectious Bursal Disease virus (IBDV), poses a significant threat to the poultry industry, causing immunosuppression and economic losses since its discovery in 1957. To understand the host response to IBDV infection, this study examined the modulation of MAP2K3 and IL12B in chickens infected with IBDV. A local IBDV isolate propagated in embryonated chicken eggs was inoculated into 18-day-old chicken. The mRNA transcription levels of MAP2K3 and IL12B in bursal tissue were quantified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction on day two post-infection and compared with those of uninfected, age-matched control birds (sham inoculated). The study revealed increased expression of the MAP2K3 and IL12B genes, indicating their role in inflammatory response during IBDV infection. Thus, the present investigation sheds light on the involvement of MAP2K3 and IL12B in the inflammatory response to IBDV infection in chickens. Keywords: Infectious bursal disease virus, immunosuppression, MAP2K3, IL12B, pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression
Excellence in Homelessness Services: Evidence-Based Frontline Practices
Authors: McDonald Judy , Hale Katherine , Kirkwood Travis
Published: October 2024

Optimizing the performance of frontline workers in homelessness services (FWHSs) is vital for delivering effective support to individuals experiencing homelessness while prioritizing worker wellness. This paper builds on a previous study applying Orlick's "Wheel of Excellence" mental success elements, originally based on research with Olympic athletes, to social services. It assessed how high-performing FWHSs used these elements, providing practical insights for tailored mental-readiness training in social service facilities. The success elements—commitment, self-belief, positive imagery, mental preparation, full focus, distraction control, and constructive evaluation—were evident in FWHSs when successfully navigating challenging situations. This study provides further analysis of the elements contributing to FWHS’s mental readiness, including quotations from “excellent” FWHSs to highlight their common best practices. It defines excellence in frontline homelessness services, illustrates the use of the seven success elements, and identifies performance blocks and coping strategies from a frontline perspective. Performance blocks include general stressors and mistakes by trainees. The accompanying motivational quotes from high performers are akin to storytelling, elevating understanding and facilitating learning. Recommendations advocate tailoring existing tools, creating online learning opportunities, and implementing an Indigenous-inspired Sharing Circle for evidence-based practice discussions in homelessness services.
ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, AND THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE. AN ECONOMETRIC APPROACH
Authors: Pigazo López Fernando , RUIZ PUENTE MARIA DEL CARMEN
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT:
The sustainability of socio-economic and industrial systems is a key concern, particularly within the framework of the 2030 agenda. A holistic understanding of the functioning and relationships of these systems is essential if we want to implement practical actions to achieve sustainability.
This study uses econometric techniques, such as the distributed lag autoregressive model, to explore the interactions between industrial and environmental factors and the unemployment rate. The variables analyzed include working hours, wage costs, and tropospheric ozone concentration, over two periods: 2008-2020 (reduced period) and 2008-2024 (extended period).
Between both periods, substantial differences have been found in the variables significantly influencing the unemployment rate. The significance of working hours and ozone (O3) concentration, determinants of the unemployment rate in the reduced period, are replaced by wage costs, determining the unemployment rate in the extended period. The results show that an initial increase in worked hours reduces unemployment, while wage increases and high levels of O3 tend to increase the unemployment rate. Granger causality analysis suggests bidirectional relationships between unemployment, wage costs, and O3 concentration, highlighting the connection between the different aspects and feedback collateral effects. The study underscores the need for balanced socioeconomic policies that promote both economic growth and environmental sustainability and the promotion of fostering of technological innovations. The importance of policies that mitigate the adverse effects of wage increases on employment is underlined, and that favor a more sustainable development model capable of decoupling economic well-being from intensive resource consumption.
Keywords: Sustainability, Socioeconomic systems, ARDL techniques, Granger causality, unemployment, O3 concentration, working hours, hourly wage.
Microplastic contamination of food
Authors: Zajác Peter , Čapla Jozef , Čurlej Jozef
Published: October 2024

Microplastic food contamination has become a growing concern due to its potential impacts on human health. Microplastics are tiny plastic particles less than 5mm in size that can originate from various sources, such as cosmetics, textiles, and plastic packaging. These particles can enter the food chain through multiple routes, such as the environment, food processing, and packaging. They can accumulate in different types of food, including seafood, drinking water, and agricultural produce. Exposure to microplastics through food consumption is a significant concern, as it is difficult to avoid and can potentially cause adverse health effects. Microplastics can accumulate in the human body and have been linked to various health issues, such as inflammation, organ damage, and the disruption of endocrine and immune systems. Additionally, microplastics can act as vectors for harmful chemicals and pathogens, further exacerbating their potential health impacts. Several studies have documented the presence of microplastics in different food products, with varying concentrations depending on the type of food and its origin. Due to their filter-feeding behaviour, contamination levels are exceptionally high in seafood, such as fish and shellfish. Additionally, studies have found microplastics in bottled and tap water, beer, honey, salt, and even air. Efforts to mitigate microplastic contamination of food include developing better waste management practices, promoting biodegradable and compostable packaging, and improving food processing methods. However, much more research is needed to fully understand the extent of microplastic contamination in food and its potential impacts on human health. Microplastic contamination of food is a complex issue requiring a multidisciplinary approach to address its ecological and human health implications fully. By raising awareness and promoting sustainable practices, we can work towards reducing our exposure to microplastics in food and protecting public health.
İşçilik Alacakları Bağlamında İşyeri Kayıtlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Ekin Ali
Published: October 2024

İşçilerin fazla çalışma, ulusal bayram ve genel tatil ile hafta tatili alacaklarının ispatında öncelikle ücret bordroları dikkate alınır. Bu alacaklar bakımından ücret bordrosunda görünenden daha fazla çalıştığını iddia eden işçinin bu iddiasını işyeri kayıtlarıyla ispatlaması mümkündür. İşyeri kayıtlarından biri olan işe giriş çıkış kayıtları ile işçinin çalıştığı günler ve çalışma süreleri kayıt altına alınır. Bu kayıtlar fazla çalışma, ulusal bayram ve genel tatil ile hafta tatili alacak kalemlerinin ispatında yazılı delil niteliğinde olup öncelikle değerlendirilir.
Çalışmamızda öncelikle yargılama hukuku kapsamında delillerden bahsedildikten sonra, işçinin işini kaybetme tehdidiyle baskı altında gerçeğe aykırı puantaj kayıtlarını imzalaması, imzasının taklit edilmesi, işverenin tek taraflı kayıt düzenlemesi ya da sakladığı kayıtlarda daha sonra değişiklik yapması, bazı teknolojik sistemlerin işveren tarafından manipüle edilmesi gibi durumlarla karşılaşma ihtimaline karşı bu kayıtlara ne derece itibar edilmesi gerektiği üzerinde durulacaktır.
CHANGES IN STAVROPOL CHERNOZEMS WHEN THEY ARE INVOLVED IN AGRICULTURAL USE
Authors: Chovrebov V. , Lysenko V.
Published: October 2024

When virgin chernozems of the Central Caucasus are involved in arable land, their fundamental changes occur: increased rates of weathering of mineral matter; hardsettin, compaction and de-structuring; decrease in organic matter; depletion of mobile forms of nutrients; acidification and alkalinization water saturation, flooding and waterlogging; development of water and wind erosion. Such changes cannot be called evolution. The process of soil degradation or metamorphosis has begun.
COPPER UPTAKE BY WHEAT PLANTS IN THE AGROCENOSIS OF THE SOUTHERN FOREST STEPPE OF THE OMSK IRTYSH REGION
Authors: Volkova V. , Voronkova N.
Published: October 2024

The article reflects the results of the experiment with long-term application of mineral fertilizers to study the copper content in the agrocenosis of spring soft wheat: in meadow-chernozem soil, in grain and straw. The values ​​of the coefficients of biological absorption (CBA) of copper are calculated, the degree of its involvement in biogenic migration is estimated.
AGROECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF BARLEY SAMPLES OF THE VIR COLLECTION ON ORDINARY CHERNOZEM IN CENTRAL SIBERIA
Authors: Golubev S.
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of assessing barley samples from the VIR collection of various origins for yield and stress resistance. The experiments were carried out on thin ordinary chernozem in the open forest-steppe of Central Siberia. The most promising for breeding, with a high average yield, are the Oplot and Uvatsky (Krasnoyarsk Territory) samples; in terms of stress resistance - Tonus (Rostov region), Tanay (Novosibirsk region), Soncedar (Ukraine), Kinnan (Sweden) and Olbram (Czech Republic).
CHANGES OF SOIL MICROBIOM UNDER THE APPLICATION OF PLANT RESIDUES DESTRUCTOR BASED ON THE FUNGUS TRICHODERMA
Authors: Goryaev R. , Pazin M.
Published: October 2024

The use of the fungus preparation Sternifag introduced together with nitrogen and without it on gray forest soil has been studied. The experiment was carried out under spring wheat plantings under the various basic tillages. The article evaluates the microbiological indicators of soil fertility. Azotobacter was taken into account on the Ashby nutrient medium during the growing season.
MINERAL NUTRITION AND POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY OF MISCANTHUS SACCHARIFLORUS
Authors: Kapustyanchik C.
Published: October 2024

The application of mineral fertilizers did not significantly affect the yield of Miscanthus. There is a trend towards its increase. The absence of significant differences in the nitrogen content in biomass between the options (NSR05 = 0.09) - 0.2-0.4 % at the end of the growing season was noted. The K content varied from 3.1 -3.7 % at the beginning of the growing season to 0.3% by the end of the growing season for all experimental variants. The variation in P during the growing season of the crop was weak - from 0.3-0.4 % in June to 0.1% in September. The optimal option with good productivity (11.2-14.0 t/ha) and minimum costs for feeding the grass stand is option N30.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SOIL TILLAGE SYSTEMS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MODERATE ARY STEPPE OF NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN UPON THE SPRING WHEAT CULTIVATION
Authors: Pigorev I. , Bodryy K. , Shilo E. , Chudinov V. , Kaldybaev D.
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of a comparative assessment of zonal soil conservation and zero tillage systems in the conditions of the moderately arid steppe of Northern Kazakhstan, on ordinary heavy loamy chernozome. As a result of the research, it was found that zero technology is not inferior in productivity to zonal soil protection technology. Under these soil and climatic conditions, an important criterion for choosing technology is the volumetric mass of the soil.
PHYTOMASS HERACLEUM SOSNOWSKYI AND THE RATE OF ITS DECOMPOSITION IN THE SOILS OF POSTAGROGENIC ECOSYSTEMS OF THE MIDDLE TAIGA SUBZONE OF THE KOMI REPUBLIC
Authors: Smotrina Yu. , Lapteva E. , Dal'ke I. , Zahozhiy I. , Skrebenkov E.
Published: October 2024

The dynamics of decomposition of Heracleum sosnowskyi and dominant plant species of a grass meadow in a laboratory experiment is considered. Samples of the humus-accumulative horizon of the postagrogenic sod-podzolic soil of the Komi Republic were used as a substrate, the exposure time was 75 days, the ambient temperature was +5 ° C, the substrate humidity was 60% of the total moisture capacity of the soil. It is shown that under the controlled experimental conditions, various parts of Heracleum sosnowskyi plants lose up to 43-44% of the initial dry phytomass during the exposure period, and meadow cereals – up to 18-29%. The main part of the loss of phytomass falls on the first 28 days of exposure. For the aboveground part of plants, it is 70-78% of the total loss of plant mass, for the underground part of plants – 47-51%.
CHANGES IN THE NUMBER OF MICROMYCETES IN THE SOYBEAN RHIZOSPHERE UPON THE APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS
Authors: Tukmacheva E.
Published: October 2024

When cultivating soybeans of the Sibiriada variety in the forest-steppe agricultural landscapes of Western Siberia, it was found that the use of fertilizers (mineral, bacterial, trace elements) does not lead to the accumulation of micromycetes in the soil. During the years of the research, the number of micromycetes varied from 18,7 thousand CFU/g up to 42,3 thousand in the phase of formation of the third triple leaf, in the flowering phase from 14,9 to 36,5 and from 26,7 to 69,6 thousand CFU/g in the maturation phase. The conditions of the year had a significant impact on the change in the number of micromycetes - 57,4%.
RESTORATION OF THE FERTILE LAYER OF DISTURBED TUNDRA SOILS IN THE NORILSK INDUSTRIAL REGION
Authors: Cherbakova N. , Kornienko I. , Belonosova G.
Published: October 2024

The paper presents the results of multi-year research (2015-2021) on the restoration and conservation of the fertile layer of disturbed tundra soils in the Norilsk Industrial District (NID). In the course of the research, an improved technology for the preservation and reproduction of soil fertility in the conditions of the Yenisei North was developed and components of biocomposites that are optimally suited for replacing the lost productive layer of soil in disturbed areas were selected.
PRODUCTIVITY OF AGROCENOSIS WITH REGULAR APPLICATION OF STRAW AND GREEN MANURE IN THE TOMSK REGION
Authors: Sorokin I. , Valetova E. , Sirotina E.
Published: October 2024

For 4 rotations (2001-2021) of grain-fallow crop rotation, the efficiency of green-manured fallow upon the straw increased compared to the complete fallow variant: in the 1st rotation, the yield under these conditions was at the same level, in the 2nd - the yield after green-manured fallow was higher by 11.7% than after complete fallow, in the 3rd rotation - correspondingly higher by 18% and in the 4th rotation green-manured fallow was better by 36.5%. In complete fallow, the humus content decreased by 9.6%. Green manure fallow + straw ensured the preservation of humus.
CO2 EMISSIONS IN AGROCENOSES OF THE OMSK IRTYSH REGION
Authors: Balabanova N. , Voronkova N.
Published: October 2024

The results of monitoring the production of CO2 from arable soils depending on abiotic factors (air temperature, precipitation) and crop cultivation are analyzed. A comparative assessment of the fallow field and spring wheat during the growing season showed that large losses of carbon in the form of CO2 are characteristic of soils under spring wheat plants and are associated with a significant contribution to the total flow of respiration of the root system of plants during the period of intensive growth. A decrease in the emission component of CO2 was noted with a decrease in moisture availability, which is due to the inhibition of biological processes in the soil.
AGROECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE KRASNOYARSK REGION: DIGITAL MAPPING, GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Gopp N.
Published: October 2024

Based on a set of geospatial data (the sum of active air temperatures above 10°C, coefficients of humidification and continentality of climate), a digital mapping of the agroecological potential (AP) of the Krasnoyarsk region was carried out. Geospatial analysis has shown that AP values range from 0 to 6 and increase from north to south of the studied area. The change in AP by 0,5 units served as the basis for the allocation of 10 agroclimatic assessment subzones.
VARIETIES OF FORAGE CROPS FOR THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF THE EAST SIBERIAN REGION
Authors: Kashevarov N. , Polyudina R. , Potapov D. , Grishin V.
Published: October 2024

As a result of the research, 21 varieties of 13 types of forage crops were created for Eastern Siberia. Among them are winter-hardy high-yielding varieties of meadow clover of late-maturing and early- maturing type on a diploid and tetraploid basis, unique soybean varieties that reliably maturing in Siberia, varieties of 00- and 000-type spring rapeseed with improved seed quality composition giving reliable yields in the harsh conditions of Eastern Siberia. The feed production of Eastern Siberia is provided with a wide arsenal of high-yielding varieties of a new generation, highly efficient technologies for their cultivation have been developed, which make it possible to obtain high-quality feed for various zones.
THE EFFECT OF AGROTECHNICAL METHODS ON THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS OF SPRING WHEAT
Authors: Kozulina Natal'ya , Lipshin A. , Bobrovsky A. , Vasilenko Al'bina , Kryuchkov A.
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of research on the influence of agrotechnological techniques on the photosynthetic apparatus of spring wheat of the variety Beyskaya. Under the conditions of complete fallow, the pre-sowing application of mineral fertilizers and the use of plant protection products contributed to the formation of the maximum leaf surface area. When sowing on complete fallow, the leaf surface area in comparison with the grain preceding crop in the tillering phase was 25.0% larger, in the booting stage by 16.9%, and in the heading stage by 13.9%. The application of mineral fertilizers on complete fallow increased the leaf surface area by 36.9 – 41.2%, while the use of plant protection products increase one by 39.0 – 42.0%; for the grain preceding crop with the use of fertilizers by 39.1–49.1%, with the use of protective equipment – ​​41.7 – 46.9% compared with the control.
REMOTE DETECTION OF SOILS OF MICRO-DEPRESSIONS IN THE AGROCENOSIS
Authors: Sokolova N.
Published: October 2024

the involvement of low-yielding texturally differentiated soils of micro-depressions in arable land requires special agrotechnics in the implementation of precision farming. The use of combined images obtained using a combination of spectral indices SBL, SCI and BRI helps to determine the localization and areas of micro-depressions in the agricultural landscape.
STUDY OF WINTER RYE SAMPLES BY GENERAL COMBINATIONAL ABILITY
Authors: Timina M. , Chuslin A.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study is to isolate samples of winter rye with high overall combining ability to create a new synthetic population. The research was carried out in 2018 – 2021 on the experimental fields of the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture. To evaluate the starting material for combining ability, the polycross method was used. Samples NP 5, NP 8, NP 9 and NP 10, which have a high overall combining ability in terms of yield, are recommended as parent components for creating a promising synthetic population.
WINTER GRAIN CROPS IN THE CHANGING CLIMATE OF THE OMSK IRTYSH REGION
Authors: Triputin V. , Kashuba Yu. , Kovtunenko A. , Pahotina I.
Published: October 2024

Winter grain crops are recommended for cultivation in all natural and climatic zones of the Omsk Irtysh region. The long duration of the warm period of the year allows them to be sown at a later date. A comparison of winter crops (wheat, rye, triticale) according to experiments conducted in the laboratory of winter crop breeding of the Omsk Agricultural Research Center (ARC) in 2014-2023 showed that rye is the most winter-hardy and productive compared with wheat and triticale.
NORMATIVE YIELD OF SPRING WHEAT IN THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION: DIGITAL MAPPING, COMPARISON WITH ACTUAL DATA
Authors: Gopp N.
Published: October 2024

For the territory of the Novosibirsk region, a digital mapping of the normative crop yield of spring wheat was carried out using an abbreviated calculation formula (excluding coefficients for soil properties and intensive cultivation technologies). The comparison of the average values of the normative (YN) and actual yield (YA) of spring wheat (excluding varietal differences) by districts was carried out. Geospatial analysis showed that the values of YN was in the range from 12 to 19 c/ha and increase from the southwest to the northeast of the region. The actual yield varied in the range from 9,5 to 31,3 c/ha. The correlation coefficient between YN and YA was characterized by a moderate relationship strength (r=0,39). Lower (by 1,2–1,8 times) average values of YN in relation to YA were recorded in the following areas: Bolotninsky, Dovolensky, Kolyvansky, Kochenevsky, Kochkovsky, Krasnozersky, Kupinsky, Maslyaninsky, Novosibirsky, Ordynsky, Tatarsky, Cherepanovsky. It is assumed that the use of soil coefficients in the calculation YN of spring wheat will not allow the identified differences to be leveled, while they will be even more pronounced. Higher (by 1.4–1.8 times) average values of YN in relation to YA were observed in Karasuksky and Kyshtovsky districts. In these areas, the use of soil coefficients is likely to lead to an underestimation of the YN.
CREATING A DIGITAL FIELD MODEL
Authors: Kurmasheva N.
Published: October 2024

The paper presents the data of the agrochemical analysis of the soils of the farm in 2022. The stages of development of the digital model of the fields of the farm are prescribed. The created interactive map with the database can be implemented in the practice of the farm of “A7 Agro RB” LLC for conducting agrotechnical operations and working with fields and their data.
ASSESSMENT OF HETEROGENEITIES OF DEVELOPMENT OF CROPS IN THE FAR EAST USING REMOTE SENSING DATA
Authors: Stepanov A. , Haritonova G. , Dubrovin K.
Published: October 2024

Assessment of crop heterogeneity using remote sensing data is an urgent task of digital agriculture. It is established that the time series of the NDVI seasonal course can be used to assess the heterogeneity of soybean, buckwheat and other crops at the district level. According to the degree of weed infestation of crops on the fields of the Khabarovsk region, three clusters were formed. A comparative assessment of the heterogeneity of crop development within the same field was carried out using data from the UAV and the Sentinel-2.
HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF VIRGIN AND FALLOW LANDS IN CENTRAL SIBERIA
Authors: Stepanenko N.
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the features of the development of agriculture in Central Siberia in the XVII-XIX centuries. The main indicators of agriculture, which show the development of arable farming, are analyzed. The basic composition of the soil has been determined. A comparative analysis of grain production in the counties of Central Siberia has been carried out. Cultivated cereal crops have been identified.
«HELLO, VIRGIN LAND ...». MASS DEVELOPMENT OF VIRGIN LAND ON THE TERRITORY OF YENISEI SIBERIA
Authors: Sheksheev A.
Published: October 2024

in this report, the author summarizes the example of Khakassia and shows the massive development of virgin lands in the territory of Yenisei Siberia. In his opinion, it included the asceticism of the Soviet people, supported by the power of the state. The facts given in the text of the message indicate that the plowing of new lands was an integral part of the complex of state measures for the development of rural areas in the east of the country and had both positive and negative significance for the development of agriculture.
APPROACHES TO PREVENT AN ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER IN THE 60`S IN THE EAST OF THE COUNTRY
Authors: Chebochakov S. , Shpedt A. , Ivanov O. , Murtaev V.
Published: October 2024

Generalized materials and analysis of approaches to prevent environmental disaster in the second half of the 20th century, during the development of virgin and fallow lands, as well as during the period of changing socio-economic formations, difficult socio-economic conditions for the development of agricultural production and at the beginning of the 21st century are presented. In 1954-1960, European technology was used for plowing virgin lands using plows, huskers and other tillage tools. The lack of its own way of developing and using new lands has led to an outbreak of wind erosion of soils over large areas, including the East of the country. The problem of degradation prevention and desertification of steppe agricultural landscapes in the 60s was acutely faced by science in the form of a state task "Soil protection from erosion". A great contribution to the study of factors of erosion processes, systematics of transplanted soils, protective afforestation and fertilizers in the 60s was made by scientists of the Institute of Forest and Timber of the SB Academy of Sciences of the USSR under the leadership of N. V. Orlovsky. The Scientific Research Institute of Agrarian Problems of Khakassia, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, has developed soil-protective agriculture with strip placement of crops.
STATE OF FERTILITY OF ARABLE SOILS IN THE TAIGA-FOREST ZONE OF THE OMSK REGION
Authors: Aksenova Yu.
Published: October 2024

The arable soils of the region were characterized by low and medium levels of fertility. Within each field, soil fertility indicators varied over a wide range. The humus content varied from 2.2 to 7.3%. pH varied from moderately acidic to neutral. The composition of exchangeable cations characterized by high magnesium content - from 2.5 to 9.5 mmol/100 g of soil. In the aggregate composition of soils the amount of agronomically valuable fractions was 45.2-61.0%, blocky aggregates - 14.8-36.5%, dust - 8.7-36.9%.
CHANGES IN THE FIELD MOISTURE CAPACITY OF THE SOIL DEPENDING ON THE MOISTURE SORBENTS USED
Authors: Kanzyvaa S. , Huurak A. , Saaryg S.
Published: October 2024

In field experiments, the influence of the aftereffect of the sorbents vermiculite and polymer hydrogel on the field moisture capacity of the soil of chestnut soils in three districts of the Republic of Tyva was evaluated. It was revealed that the introduction of vermiculite and polymer hydrogel into the soil contributes to the preservation of productive moisture in the upper root layer of the soil even 2 years after their application. The positive effect of moisture sorbents increases if they are used in conjunction with mineral fertilizers.
INFORMATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF ARABLE SOIL TRANSFORMATION IN THE SOUTH OF WESTERN
Authors: Miheeva I.
Published: October 2024

The analysis of probabilistic and statistical distributions (PSD) of humus content (HC) in arable chestnut soils and southern chernozems revealed the presence of trends towards a decrease in HC in the arable layer and its increase further down by the profile, with a decrease in entropy in individual layers by 60%. The information divergence of PSD HC in loamy sandy soils is greater than in sandy loamy and loamy soils. The revealed changes are a consequence of the interaction of anthropogenic, soil, climatic and exogenous processes.