bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tomografía computarizada: proceso de adquisición, tecnología y estado actual
Authors: Espitia Mendoza Óscar Javier , Mejía Melgarejo Yuri Hercilia , Arguello Fuentes Henry
Published: March 2016

La tomografía computarizada (CT) es una técnica de escaneo no invasivo ampliamente aplicada en sectores como la medicina, la industria y la geología. Esta técnica permite la reconstrucción tridimensional de la estructura interna de un objeto que es iluminado con una fuente de rayos-X. La reconstrucción se forma con imágenes bidimensionales de cortes transversales del objeto. Cada corte se obtiene a partir de las medidas de fenómenos físicos como la atenuación, la dispersión y la difracción de los rayos-X, como resultado de la interacción con el objeto. En general, la adquisición de las medidas se realiza con métodos basados en alguno de estos fenómenos y empleando diversas arquitecturas clasificadas en generaciones. Por otro lado, en respuesta a la necesidad de simular sistemas de adquisición para CT se ha desarrollado software dedicado a esta tarea. El objetivo de este artículo es determinar el estado actual de las técnicas de CT, para esto, se presenta una revisión de los métodos, las distintas arquitecturas usadas para la adquisición y algunas de sus aplicaciones. Adicionalmente, se presentan los resultados de simulaciones realizadas. Las principales contribuciones de este trabajo son la descripción detallada de los métodos de adquisición y la presentación de las posibles tendencias de la técnica en general. 
The relationship between turkish junior national judo team athletes’ social values beliefs and self-esteem levels
Türk genç milli judo takım sporcularının sosyal değer inançları ile özsaygı seviyeleri arasındaki ilişki
Authors: Baba Kaya Hande , Yılmaz Atike , Çelik Nuri Muhammet , Kırımoğlu Hüseyin
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the self-esteem and the social value size of national youth judo team athletes. Data were collected by Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory adapted to Turkish by Özoğlu (1988) and Multidimensional Social Values Scale developed by Yavuz Bolat (2013) with a questionnaire developed by the researchers to gather personal information. Working group of the research consist of Turkish youths (15-19 years old) are struggling in national judo team between 2015-2016 year in a total 118 athletes including 58 women and 60 men. Data were analysed by using SPSS 20 statistical programme, with oneway anova test. Results showed that there is a positive relation between the selfesteem and the social value size that family values, religious values, traditional values, scientific values but political values  have not found a significant relationship between self-esteem. As a result of that social value perceptions effect on self-esteem levels of young national judoka and that correlates positively with each other. ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı genç milli judo takım sporcularının sahip oldukları sosyal değer boyutları ile özsaygı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Katılımcıların sosyal değer boyutlarının ve özsaygı düzeylerini belirlemek için araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Coopersmith (1959) tarafından geliştirilen, ülkemizde Özoğlu (1988) tarafından geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması yapılan ‘Benlik Saygısı Envanteri (Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory) ve Yavuz Bolat (2013) tarafından geliştirilen Çok Boyutlu Sosyal Değerler Ölçeği (Multidimensional Social Values Scale ) uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2015-2016 yılları arasında Türk genç (15-19 yaş arası) milli judo takımında mücadele eden 58 kadın 60 erkek olmak üzere toplam 118 sporcu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri SPSS 20 istatistik programı kullanılarak, çözümlemeler için oneway anova testi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgularda sosyal değer boyutları olan aile değerleri, dini değerler, geleneksel değerler, bilimsel değerler ve çalışma değerleri ile özsaygı düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişkiye rastlanırken siyasi değerler ve boyutu ile özsaygı arasında anlamlı bir ilişkiye rastlanmamıştır. Sonuç olarak genç milli judocularda sosyal değer algılarının özsaygı seviyeleri üzerine etkisinin olduğu ve birbirleri ile pozitif yönde paralellik gösterdiği söylenebilir.
The time-dependent Stokes problem with Navier slip boundary conditions on Lp -spaces
Authors: Al Baba Hind , Amrouche Chérif , Rejaiba Ahmed
Published: March 2016

This paper deals with the time-dependent Stokes problem with Navier boundary conditions on
Sinnvolle Arbeit leisten – Arbeit sinnvoll leisten / Doing meaningful work – working in a meaningful way
Authors: Voswinkel Stephan
Published: March 2016

„Sinnvolle“ Arbeit ist zum einen Ergebnis einer gesellschaftlichen oder professionellen Definition ihres Gebrauchswerts. Auf diese institutionalisierten Sinnzuschreibungen beziehen sich Menschen, wenn sie versuchen, sich die Arbeit unter Bezug auf ihren Sinn anzueignen. Oft überblenden sie die Funktion der jeweiligen Arbeit durch sinnbezogene Rahmungen. Zum andern soll Arbeit sinnvoll geleistet werden können, so dass Organisation und Rahmenbedingungen der Arbeit wichtig sind für das Sinnerleben der Arbeitenden. Schließlich ist Arbeit eine Dimension der Aneignung des Lebens, dessen Vielfalt sie durch übermäßige Sinnzuschreibungen an die Arbeit beeinträchtigen kann.
Sinnvolle Arbeit ist identitätsstiftend – Zur Bedeutung der sozialen Identifikation als Wirkmechanismus zwischen Bedeutsamkeit der Aufgabe und Arbeitseinstellungen / Meaningful work contributes to identity development – The role of social identification as a mediator of the task significance- job attitude relation
Authors: Dick Rolf van , Stegmann Sebastian
Published: March 2016

Die arbeitspsychologische Forschung der letzten Jahrzehnte belegt, dass sinnvolle Arbeit, im Sinne von subjektiv wahrgenommener Wichtigkeit oder Bedeutsamkeit der eigenen Arbeit, positive Effekte auf die Arbeitenden hat. Wir postulieren, dass die Identifikation mit dem Unternehmen einen wichtigen Wirkmechanismus darstellt, der erklärt, warum sich die Wahrnehmung von sinnvoller Arbeit positiv auf Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen auswirkt. In Reanalysen von drei Datensätzen aus Studien in unterschiedlichen Bereichen zeigen wir, dass die Wahrnehmung von Bedeutsamkeit, vermittelt über die organisationale Identifikation, positive Effekte auf Arbeitszufriedenheit, Burnout, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, psychosomatische Beschwerden und Kündigungsabsichten hat.
On the long time behaviour of the conical Kähler–Ricci flows
Authors: Chen Xiuxiong , Wang Yuanqi
Published: March 2016

We prove that the conical Kähler–Ricci flows introduced in [11] exist for all time

t
∈

[
0
,

+
∞

)

{t\in[0,+\infty)}

. These immortal flows possess maximal regularity in the conical category. As an application, we show if the twisted first Chern class

C

1
,
β

{C_{1,\beta}}

is negative or zero, the corresponding conical Kähler–Ricci flows converge to Kähler–Einstein metrics with conical singularities exponentially fast. To establish these results, one of our key steps is to prove a Liouville-type theorem for Kähler–Ricci flat metrics (which are defined over

ℂ
n

{\mathbb{C}^{n}}

) with conical singularities.
On the extension theorem of Hwang and Mok
Authors: Gutt Jan
Published: March 2016

Jun-Muk Hwang and Ngaiming Mok developed a framework for studying complex Fano (more generally, uniruled) manifolds in terms of their intrinsic local differential-geometric structure: the varieties of minimal rational tangents (VMRT). In particular, their ‘Cartan–Fubini’ extension theorem shows that a Fano manifold of Picard number 1 (satisfying certain technical conditions) is determined, up to biholomorphism, by an analytic germ of its VMRT at a general point. We prove a characteristic-free analogue of this result, replacing the VMRT with families of formal arcs.
Finite symmetries of S
4
Authors: Chen Weimin , Kwasik Sławomir , Schultz Reinhard
Published: March 2016

This paper discusses topological and locally linear actions of finite groups on S
4.
Local linearity of the orientation preserving actions on S
4 forces
the group to be a subgroup of SO(5). On the other hand, orientation reversing topological
actions of “exotic” groups G (i.e., G ¬⊂ O(5)) on S
4 are constructed, and
local linearity and stable smoothability of the actions are studied.
Variable-Rate Ring Convolutional Coded Continuous Phase Modulation Using Puncturing
Authors: Lei Zhang , Jun Wu , Aiming Zhu
Published: March 2016

In this paper, puncturing technique is used to establish variable-rate ring convolutional coded continuous phase modulation (CPM) systems. Maximum likelihood sequence detectors over both AWGN channels and Rayleigh flat-fading channels are considered. The suggested system provides us with different rates and performance when simple adjustment is taken to the puncturing matrix. Since the performance of the first error event of this system is represented by normalized minimum squared Euclidean distance (NMSED), some typical codes with maximum NMSED are searched and given. The performance of symbol error rate for the suggested system is simulated using computer software, and the results show that this system provides good performance of symbol error rate with variable-rate capabilities in time varying channels. Furthermore, simulation results also prove that the transmission efficiency increases when code rate is decreasing.
Design of 28 GHz, 200 kW Gyrotron for ECRH Applications
Authors: Yadav Vivek , Singh Udaybir , Kumar Nitin , Kumar Anil , Deorani S. C. , Sinha A. K.
Published: March 2016

This paper presents the design of 28 GHz, 200 kW gyrotron for Indian TOKAMAK system. The paper reports the designs of interaction cavity, magnetron injection gun and RF window. EGUN code is used for the optimization of electron gun parameters. TE
A Novel Compact UWB Monopole Antenna with Bluetooth and Triple Notch Band
Authors: Li Li , Zhou Zhi-Li , Hong Jing-Song
Published: March 2016

A novel technique to add an extra Bluetooth band and triple notch bands simultaneously to a compact ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna is presented. This scissors-shaped UWB antenna, covering 2.9 GHz–12.5 GHz, is fed by a special microstrip line. To create an extra Bluetooth band centered at 2.45 GHz, an arc-shaped stub is attached to the high concentrated current area right of the feed line and a rectangular slot is etched in the radiation patch. Besides, a notch band for WLAN (5.6 GHz–6.15 GHz) is also obtained. In addition, by connecting two asymmetric stubs to the feed line, two other notch bands in 3.28 GHz–3.8 GHz for WiMAX and 7.1 GHz–7.76 GHz for downlink of X-band satellite communication systems are achieved. The proposed antenna with compact size of 20 mm × 26 mm is fabricated and measured, showing stable antenna gain and good omni-directional radiation patterns in H-plane.
Generalization of Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities for n-times differentiable functions through preinvexity
Authors: Latif Muhammad Amer , Dragomir Sever Silvestru
Published: March 2016

In this paper, we establish a new integral identity for n-times
differentiable functions defined on an invex subset of ℝ. Hermite–Hadamard type integral inequalities for n-times differentiable preinvex functions are then established by using this identity and Hölder's inequality.
Long-Lasting Labour Market Consequences of German Unification
Authors: Blien Uwe , Möller Joachim , Hong Van Phan thi , Brunow Stephan
Published: March 2016

This article shows how the impulses of the transformation process in eastern Germany have spread through the economy and the labour market. The form of transformation has long-term effects on the form of control over the economy; it is managed largely from western firms. This fact has manifold consequences for the innovation behaviour of plants, among others, which in turn is further related to productivity and thus to the labour market. We argue that this transfers further to persistently lower wages and higher unemployment rates in eastern compared with western Germany.
Inverse Glauberman–Isaacs correspondence and subnormal subgroups
Authors: Turull Alexandre
Published: March 2016

Let A be a finite group acting on a finite group G with (|A|,|G|) = 1.
The Glauberman–Isaacs correspondence is often viewed as providing
for each pair of subgroups B
1 ⊴ B
2 of A a bijection
Irr
B
2
(C
G
(B
1)) → Irr(C
G
(B
2)),
where Irr
B
2
(C
G
(B
1)) is the set of all irreducible characters of
C
G
(B
1) which are invariant under B
2. The inverse
Glauberman–Isaacs correspondence can be viewed as providing an
injective map
Irr(C
G
(B
2)) → Irr(C
G
(B
1)).
We show that this can naturally be extended to give
a corresponding map for each B
1 a subnormal subgroup of B
2,
where B
2 is any subgroup of A. The properties of this correspondence
are very close to those of the original one.
Residual properties of graph products of groups
Authors: Berlai Federico , Ferov Michal
Published: March 2016

We prove that the class of residually 𝒞 groups is closed under taking graph products, provided that 𝒞 is closed under taking subgroups,
finite direct products and that free-by-𝒞 groups are residually 𝒞. As a consequence, we show that local embeddability into various classes of groups is stable under graph products.
In particular, we prove that graph products of residually amenable groups are residually amenable, and that the class of groups that are locally embeddable into amenable groups is closed under taking graph products.
Towards Thompson's conjecture for alternating and symmetric groups
Authors: Gorshkov Ilya B.
Published: March 2016

For a finite group G, let N(G)
denote the set of conjugacy
class sizes of G. We show that if G is a finite group such that N(G) = N(Alt
n
) for
n > 4, or N(G) = N(Sym
n
) for n > 22, then G is non-solvable.
Ocean tide, Baltic Sea and atmospheric loading
model tilt comparisons with interferometric
geodynamic tilt observation - case study at Lohja2
geodynamic station, southern Finland
Authors: Ruotsalainen H. , Nordman M. , Virtanen J. , Virtanen H.
Published: March 2016

Ocean loading models, Baltic Sea loading and atmospheric
loading tilt models are compared with the long
interferometric water level tilt meter recordings at the Lohja2
geodynamics laboratory in southern Finland. The tilt
meter shows a high response to different loading phenomena,
and it can be used to study earth dynamics, earth
structure modeling, and 2D surface mass loading model
validation. Special attention is paid on the Baltic Sea and
atmospheric loading tilt oscillations. The four ocean loading
models used show deviating values compared to the
measured earth tide tilt parameters. The CSR4.0 ocean
loading model fits best to analyzed tidal tilt observations
at the site. After reductions of earth tides, ocean, the Baltic
Sea and atmospheric loading tilt, the largest residual tilt
signals are located in frequency bands below 0.5 cycle/day.
Crystal structure of ethyl 2-(2-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutanamido)thiazol-4-yl)acetate, C18H21ClN2O3S
Authors: Wang Zong-Cheng , Zhao Jin-Hao , Cheng Jing-Li , Jiang Hong-Yu , Liu Xiao-Wen
Published: March 2016

C18H21ClN2O3S, monoclinic, P21/c, a = 12.582(4) Å, b = 14.790(5) Å, c = 21.406(8) Å, β = 92.572(13)°, V = 3979(2) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt
(F) = 0.0464, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1298, T = 298(2) K.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[hexaaquabis(μ2-3-nitrophthalate-κ2
O:O′)-(μ2-1,4-bis(4-pyridylmethyl)piperazine-κ2
N:N′)dimanganese(II)] dihydrate, C32H42Mn2N6O20
Authors: Wei-Dong Yin , Yu-Hao Duan , Gui-Lian Li
Published: March 2016

C32H42Mn2N6O20, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.200(2) Å, b = 19.893(4) Å, c = 11.3785(17) Å, b = 123.118(12)°, V = 1933.7(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0602, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1673, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of diaquabis(bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylate-κ
4O, O′:/O′′,O′′′)bis-(2,2′-bipyridine-κ
2N, N′)dicadmium(II) hydrate
Authors: Hai-Xia Wu , Hai-Yan Zhang , Ling-Yun Xin
Published: March 2016

The complex: C19H18CdN2O5, Triclinic, P-1, a = 9.6654(11) Å, b = 10.5458(12) Å, c = 10.7081(12) Å, α = 108.5220(10)°, β = 92.0640(10)°, γ = 111.4760(10)°, V = 948.62(19) Å3, R
gt
(F) = 0.0200, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0535, Z = 2, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of 3′,4′,5-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone, C17H14O7
Authors: Brito Iván , Simirgiotis Mario , Jerz Gerold , Werner Miriam Rodríguez , Bórques Jorge , Winterhalter Peter , Cárdenas Alejandro
Published: March 2016

C17H14O7, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.6670(4) Å, b = 11.3338(4) Å, c = 11.6415(4) Å, β = 110.269(1) Å, V = 1444.05(9) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.038, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.117, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide, C14H11N3S
Authors: Hijazi Ahmed K. , Abu-Salem Qutaiba , Ajlouni Abdulaziz , Taha Ziyad A.
Published: March 2016

C14H11N3S orthorhombic, Pbcn (No. 60), Z = 8, a = 19.8130(12) Å, b = 8.1643(5) Å, c = 14.9521(9) Å, V = 2418.6(3) Å3, Z = 8, T = 100(2) K, GooF = 1.055, R
gt(F) = 0.0308, wR
ref(F2) = 0.0845.
Crystal structure of [2-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazine-κ2
C,N) chlorido[N,N′-bis-(2,6-diisopropyl-phenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene-κC)] palladium(II), C38H45ClN4OPd
Authors: Wang Xin-Ling , Li Hong-Mei
Published: March 2016

C38H45ClN4OPd, trigonal, R3m, a = 30.1968(8) Å, b = 30.1968(8) Å, c = 11.4611(3) Å, α = β = 90°, γ = 120.00°, V = 9050.7(4) Å3, Z = 9, R
gt
(F) = 0.0397, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1053, T = 291.15 K.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[diaqua-μ2-4,4′-biphenyl-4,4′-diyldipyridine-κ2
N:N′-bis(5-carboxy-2,6-dimethylpyridine-3-carboxylato-κO)nickel(II)] dihydrate, C40H40N4O12Ni
Authors: Li Shi-Hui , Hu Xu-Ze , Zhao Yan
Published: March 2016

C40H40N4O12Ni, triclinic, P1̅, a = 7.6612(6) Å, b = 8.0725(7) Å, c = 16.3021(10) Å, α = 89.394(6)°, β = 77.966(6)°, γ = 69.868(8)°, V = 923.75(12) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt
(F) = 0.0492, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1309, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of poly[diaquabis(μ2-biphenyl-2,4′-dicarboxylato-κ2
O:O′)tris(μ2-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diylbis(1H-imidazole)-κ2
N:N′)dicobalt(II)] monohydrat, C82H64N12O11Co2
Authors: Zi Wang , Guo-Wang Xu , Hai-Bin Wang , Zhi-Hang Zhou , Dong-Sheng Li
Published: March 2016

C82H64N12O11Co2, orthorhombic, Pbcn (no. 60), a = 22.286(7) Å, b = 22.725(7) Å, c = 14.056(5) Å, V = 7119(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0582, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1634, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 4-chloro-N,N-diethyl-6-(piperidin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine, C12H20ClN5
Authors: Ghabbour Hazem A. , El-Faham Ayman
Published: March 2016

C12H20ClN5, triclinic, P1̅, a = 8.7253(3) Å, b = 8.9973(4) Å, c = 9.3025(4) Å, α = 90.982(2)°, β = 110.760(1)°, γ = 94.662(2)°, V = 679.78(5) Å3, Z = 2, R
int = 0.071, wR(F
2
) = 0.116, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of poly[octaaqua-tris(benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylato)tetralanthanum(III)] hexahydrate, C30H34La4O38
Authors: Qiao Wen-Tao , Zhao Dan , Ma Fa-Xue
Published: March 2016

C30H34La4O38, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.2405(1) Å, b = 10.6952(1) Å, c = 10.8307(1) Å, α = 86.239(1)°, β = 84.014(1)°, γ = 81.367(1)°, V = 1051.13(2) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt
(F) = 0.033, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.072, T = 296 (2) K.
Crystal structure of dirubidium trimercury(II) tetraselenide, Rb2Hg3Se4
Authors: Kim Kang-Woo
Published: March 2016

Rb2Hg3Se4, orthorhombic, Ibam (no. 72), a = 6.4183(9) Å, b = 11.626(2) Å, c = 14.454(2) Å, V = 1078.5(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.038, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.142, T = 173 K.
Crystal structure of hexaaquamagnesium(II) 5,5′-bitetrazole-1,1′-diolate, C2H12N8O8Mg
Authors: Xiaojun Wang , Jin Shaohua , Li Lijie , Chen Shusen , Shu Qinghai
Published: March 2016

C2H12N8O8Mg, orthorhombic, Pbcn, a = 9.858(8) Å, b = 6.852(5) Å, c = 18.276(3) Å, V = 1185.6(16) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0245, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0693, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of 2-(dimethylsulfanylidene)-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-3-phenylpropanamide
Authors: Dong Yan
Published: March 2016

C18H19NO3S, monoclinic, Pc (no. 7), a = 7.710(2) Å, b = 5.701(2) Å, c = 19.053(6) Å, β = 99.031(6)°, V = 827.1(4) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0361, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0885, T = 296 K.
Lamellar spacing of photosystem II membrane fragments upon dehydration studied by neutron membrane diffraction
Authors: Pieper Jörg , Rusevich Leonid , Hauß Thomas , Renger Gernot
Published: March 2016

The effect of dehydration on the lamellar spacing of photosystem II (PS II) membrane fragments from spinach has been investigated using neutron membrane diffraction at room temperature. The diffraction data reveal a major peak at a scattering vector Q of 0.049 Å−1 at a relative humidity (r.h.) of 90% corresponding to a repeat distance D of about 129 Å. Upon dehydration to 44% r.h., this peak shifts to about 0.060 Å−1 corresponding to a distance of 104.7±2.5 Å. Within experimental error, the latter repeat distance remains almost the same at hydration levels below 44% r.h. indicating that most of the hydration water is removed. This result is consistent with the earlier finding that hydration-induced conformational protein motions in PS II membrane fragments are observed above 44% r.h. and correlated with the onset electron transfer in PS II (Pieper et al. 2008, Eur. Biophys. J. 37: 657–663).
A numerical method for solving systems of higher order linear functional differential equations
Authors: Yüzbasi Suayip , Gök Emrah , Sezer Mehmet
Published: March 2016

Functional differential equations have importance in many areas of science such as mathematical physics. These systems are difficult to solve analytically.In this paper we consider the systems of linear functional differential equations [1-9] including the term y(αx + β) and advance-delay in derivatives of y .To obtain the approximate solutions of those systems, we present a matrix-collocation method by using Müntz-Legendre polynomials and the collocation points. For this purpose, to obtain the approximate solutions of those systems, we present a matrix-collocation method by using Müntz-Legendre polynomials and the collocation points. This method transform the problem into a system of linear algebraic equations. The solutions of last system determine unknown co-efficients of original problem. Also, an error estimation technique is presented and the approximate solutions are improved by using it. The program of method is written in Matlab and the approximate solutions can be obtained easily. Also some examples are given to illustrate the validity of the method.
The representation of asymmetric grammatical gender systems in the bilingual mental lexicon
Authors: Klassen Rachel
Published: March 2016

Previous research has led to conflicting notions of the representation of L1 and L2 grammatical gender systems in the mental lexicon: under the
(Pseudo-)Relatives and prepositional infinitival constructions in the acquisition of European Portuguese
Authors: Costa João , Fernandes Bruno , Vaz Stéphanie , Grillo Nino
Published: March 2016

The literature on attachment preferences in relative clauses discusses a crosslinguistic difference in attachment, which, as Fodor (1998a) remarks, poses problems for acquisition. Following previous claims on the universality of the parser, and attempts to explain crosslinguistic variation in attachment with properties of the languages, in particular the availability of pseudo-relatives, we analyzed children’s performance in attaching preferences with relative clauses and prepositional infinitival constructions and found that their preferences in parsing are guided by independently needed and crosslinguistically robust principles.
Non-central usages of datives
Authors: Diewald Gabriele
Published: March 2016

Non-central usages of datives are defined in terms of increasing deviation from the prototypical, central usage of the dative, i. e. its usage in ditransitive constructions with ‘give’ verbs, on several parameters. The introduction offers an exemplification of the clines of (non-)centrality of dative usages, and specifies the aim of the volume. It also provides an outlook on the individual perspective each contribution takes on this issue.
The syntax of external and internal possessor variation in German inalienable possession
Authors: Lee-Schoenfeld Vera
Published: March 2016

German inalienable possession constructions with a PP-embedded possessum come in three variants: (i) with external possessor (EP), (ii) with internal possessor (IP), and (iii) with doubly-marked possession (DMP). Choice ofdat(ive) versusacc(usative) case adds two more options. To capture this variation with a formal-syntactic account, this contribution posits (a) possessor raising from Spec DP of the possessum to affecteevP, triggered by lack of case in Spec DP, fordatEPs, (b) a base-generation possessor-as-direct-object analysis ofaccEPs, (c)gen(itive) as last resort, triggered by the lack of a case licensor in the verbal domain, for IPs, and (d) a combined base-generation andgen-as-last-resort analysis of DMPs.
External possession and constructions that may have it
Authors: Seržant Ilja A.
Published: March 2016

There seems to be no construction that would code specifically the possession relation of external possessors. Instead, various host constructions such as the free-affectee construction (a subtype of which is the free-dative construction), monotransitive or applicative construction can – to a different degree – accommodate participants that are bound by a possession relation. The binding procedure identifying the possessor operates at the pragmatic-semantic interface and takes into account the semantic roles of the event participants, their discourse saliency and lexical properties (such as animacy), world knowledge, properties of the possessum (such as the degree of (in)alienability), etc. The external-possession relation and the meaning of the hosting construction are orthogonal to each other, but there is a strong interplay between them. Positing a dedicated external-possessor construction faces the following problems: the same binding procedure is found in other constructions as well (such as the monotransitive or ditransitive constructions); at the same time, the very possession relation is only inconsistently found in constructions referred to as external-possessor constructions, and, what is more, the possession relation may sometimes be canceled (even if it is inalienable). To account for this terminologically, I introduce the termnon-thematic affectee construction, a subtype of which is thefree (non-thematic) affectee constructionparticularly spread in European languages. The latter is found with different types of coding (accusative, dative, different prepositional phrases) which have different diachronic sources.
Variations in the intermolecular interactions in (E) benzaldehyde 7-chloro-1-methyl- 4H-quinolinyl-4-ylidene-hydrazone and seven halo derivatives
Authors: de L.F. Bispo Marcelle , de Alcantara Camila C. , Wardell Solange M.S.V. , de Souza Marcus V.N. , Wardell James L.
Published: March 2016

Eight crystal structures are reported here: substituted (E) benzaldehyde 7-chloro-1-methyl-4H-quinolinyl-4-ylidene-hydrazones, 1, [substituted benzaldehyde: XYC6H4CHO: X,Y=H,H; 2-F,H; 3-F,H; 4-F,H; 3-Cl,H; 4-Cl,H; 2-Br,H and 2,3-Cl2]. None of the molecules, 1, are overall planar: angles between the phenyl and and quinolinyl rings vary from <5°, for (1:X,Y=3-F,H; 4-F,H; 3-Cl,H and 2,3-Cl2) to 15–16° for (1: X,Y=H,H and 4-Cl,H). The supramolecular arrangements in the parent compound (1: X=Y=H) are generated solely from C–Z···π (Z=H and Cl) interactions, while the supramolecular arrangements for each of the halo derivatives arise from combinations of π···π and some of C–Z···π (Z=H, F, Cl) and C–H···Z (Z=N, F, Cl) intermolecular interactions: in each case different assemblies result. While there are possibilities for π(quin)···π(quin), π(quin)···π(phen) and π(phen)···π(phen) interactions [quin and phen refer to the quinolinyl and phenyl moieties], only compounds (1: X,Y=2,3-Cl2) and (1: X,Y=4-Cl,H) exhibit all three, (1: X,Y=2-Br,H) just π(quin)···π(quin) of the three, and in the others two of the three. All the halo derivatives exhibit π(quin)···π(quin) interactions. It is argued that steric hindrance between molecules, generated by the halo substituents, prevents the halo derivatives from adopting the packing arrangements of the parent compound, (1: X,Y=H,H). As there appears to be no reason, steric or otherwise, why compound (1: X,Y=H,H) cannot utiilize π···π interactions, it is apparent that the packing of molecules via the C–Y···π interactions is the most stable.
Single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of Cs2Er[Si6O14]F and Cs2Er[Si4O10]F
Authors: Dabić Predrag , Kahlenberg Volker , Schmidmair Daniela , Kremenović Aleksandar , Vulić Predrag
Published: March 2016

Single-crystal growth experiments in the system CsF-Er2O3-SiO2 resulted in the simultaneous crystallization of two chemically related compounds within the same run: Cs2Er[Si6O14]F (phase I) and Cs2Er[Si4O10]F (phase II). They represent the first examples for cesium erbium silicates containing fluorine. Basic crystallographic data are – phase I: space group Cmca, a=17.2556(6) Å, b=24.6565(7) Å, c=14.4735(5) Å, V=6157.9(3) Å3, Z=16; phase II: space group Pnma, a=22.3748(7) Å, b=8.8390(2) Å, c=11.9710(4) Å, V=2367.5(1) Å3, Z=8. The structures were determined by direct methods and refined to residuals of R(|F|)=0.0229 for 2920 (phase I) and 0.0231 for 2314 (phase II) independent observed reflections with I>2σ(I). The structure of phase I represents a previously unknown structure type with a three dimensional tetrahedral framework consisting of Q3 and Q4 groups in the ratio 2:1. Basic building units of the network are unbranched sechser single-chains running parallel to [001]. The network can be conveniently built up from the condensation of tetrahedral layers parallel to (010) or (100), respectively. The crystal structure of phase II can be classified as a tubular or columnar chain silicate indicating that the backbones of the structure are multiple chains of silicate tetrahedra. This structure is isotypic to a Cs2Y[Si4O10]F, a compound that has been characterized previously. Alternatively, both compounds can be described as mixed octahedral-tetrahedral frameworks, which can be classified according to their polyhedral microensembles. A topological analysis of both nets is presented.
Acute toxicity, antiedematogenic activity, and chemical constituents of Palicourea rigida Kunth
Authors: Alves Vanessa G. , da Rosa Elisa A. , de Arruda Laura L.M. , Rocha Bruno A. , Bersani Amado Ciomar A. , Santin Silvana M.O. , Pomini Armando M. , da Silva Cleuza C.
Published: March 2016

The phytochemical study of the leaves, roots, and flowers of Palicourea rigida led to the isolation of the triterpenes betulinic acid (1) and lupeol (2), the diterpene phytol (3), and the iridoid glycosides sweroside (4) and secoxyloganin (5). These compounds were identified using NMR 1H and 13C and comparing the spectra with published data. We studied the antiedematogenic activity of crude extracts from the organs, and of different fractions, in mice and found that the n-hexane fraction of the leaf extract significantly inhibited the ear edema resulting from croton oil administration. The crude extract from leaves was not acutely toxic to the mice.
Der Aufenthalt von Priska und Aquila in Ephesus und die juristischen Rahmenbedingungen ihrer Rückkehr nach Rom
Authors: Förster Hans
Published: March 2016

Abstract: The Book of Acts mentions a decree by Claudius which was instrumental in bringing Prisca and Aquila to Corinth (Acts 18,2) both of whom are greeted at the end of the letter to the Romans (Rom 16,3). It is commonly held that Prisca and Aquila could return to Rome only after Claudius had died and many of his decrees had been abolished. However, common legal practice in Rome seems to make it possible – if not even probable – that the decree mentioned in Acts was not acted on after order had been restored to the Jewish community in Rome. Thus, an earlier return is possible. In addition, Aquila is not greeted by Paul as a fellow of the same kin (συγγενής). This raises the question whether the greetings in the letter to the Romans can be used to deduce the composition of the Christian community in Rome with regard to the percentage of Jewish and Gentile members.
Vom Werden des Rechts in der Kirche
Authors: Theobald Michael
Published: March 2016

The paper examines instructions of a legal nature contained in the pseudepigraphical Pastoral Epistles and in Paul, with the objective of exploring factors involved in legal education through a comparison of these texts. Since Paul leaves matters of order to be regulated by his communities, the difference between the two does not lie in an alleged dichotomy of charisma and law, but in an “institutionalization process” that has meanwhile advanced. By way of example, this paper examines the rules of “excommunication” (Tit 3,10; cf. 1Tim 1,20), the institution of widows (1Tim 5,3–16) and the remuneration of presbyters including further provisions regarding their office (1Tim 5,17–25). This results in hermeneutic insights regarding the understanding of the Pastoral Epistles, as well as the theological place of law in the church.
Exploring the High Priesthood of Jesus in Early Christian Sources
Authors: Filtvedt Ole Jakob , Wessbrandt Martin
Published: March 2016

Das Faktum, dass der Hebräerbrief die einzige neutestamentliche Schrift ist, in der explizit von Jesus als Hohepriester gesprochen wird, hat Ausleger zu der Annahme verleitet, dass diese christologische Konzeption auf den anonymen Autor des Briefes zurückgeht. Sowohl textinterne als auch externe Indizien legen jedoch nahe, dass der Hohepriestertitel seinen Ursprung im Gottesdienst der frühen Kirche hat. Der Autor des Hebräerbriefes scheint die Vertrautheit der Adressaten mit dem Titel vorauszusetzen, wobei bestimmte Eigenheiten des Textes auf eine Verbindung zu einem gottesdienstlichen Kontext verweisen. Diese These wird durch eine Untersuchung des Gebrauches dieser Konzeption bei den so genannten Apostolischen Vätern untermauert.
Das lukanische Doppelwerk im Kontext frühjüdischer Literatur
Authors: Böttrich Christfried
Published: March 2016

Among Jewish scholars, Leo Baeck was the first to refer (in 1938) to the Gospels in general as “a Jewish book among Jewish books.” This statement has some plausibility for Matthew or Mark. But could it also be true for Luke, long regarded as the hero of “Gentile Christian” theology? This paper explores this question beginning first with some problems mainly concerning terminology: Does Luke have “anti-Jewish” tendencies (as postulated by many scholars)? Of what relevance is the “parting of the ways” paradigm in recent discussion? And finally, what bearing does Christology have on the “Jewishness” of the Lukan text? A second section explores motifs common to Luke and the Jewish literature of his time, such as the form of biographical narration, the validity and function of the Torah, religious institutions and geographical constellations. The final portion of the paper attempts to locate Luke anew in his world. I argue in particular that there are good reasons to see him as a diaspora Jew present somewhere in Greece, whose Jewish tradition is inherited, but whose Hellenistic education is acquired. His writing thus reflects a form of religious literature much more complex and nuanced than simple labels can attest.
Zu den Toponymen Lithostroton und Gabbatha in Joh 19,13. Mit einem Lokalisierungsversuch des Prätoriums des Pilatus
Authors: Vollmer Cornelius
Published: March 2016

This study examines two toponyms that only occur in the story of Jesus’ Passion in the Gospel of John (19,13), Λιθόστρωτον and Gabbatha. Based on a range of sources the argument is made for their definition as and their location at the outer court of the Gentiles of the Temple (λιθόστρωτον; cf. 2Chron 7,3; Josephus, Bell. 6,85.189) on Mount Zion (Gabbatha; presumably deriving from ,גִּבְעָתָהּ „her [Zion’s] hill“ from Isa 31,4). The result has also consequences for the location of Pilate’s Praetorium at Jerusalem in so far as it is topographically connected to the above mentioned toponyms. Hence the locality where the flagellation, interrogation and trial of Jesus took place was the Fortress Antonia which stood directly adjoined to the Temple plateau at its north-west corner – at least if we follow the Gospel of John.
Himmlische Körper. Hintergrund und argumentative Funktion von 1Kor 15,40f
Authors: Klinghardt Matthias
Published: March 2016

The coherent semantics of the sowing imagery (1Cor 15,36–44) suggest that heavenly bodies (v. 40–41) emerge from a process of body transformation, analogous to plants and animate beings (v. 37–39). The idea that the deceased are transformed into stars and thereby obtain a particular form of existence is widely attested in the mythography and in epitaphs of antiquity. In contrast to pagan conceptions about the dead permanently returning into celestial spheres, the heavenly bodies according to Paul represent a postmortem, albeit a pre-resurrection, stage in the development of human bodies. Accordingly, the heavenly body represents an intermediary ontological mode between the animated body of earthly creatures and the spiritual body of resurrection.
Does the Law Condemn the World? Law, Sin, and Faith in Galatians 3,22–23
Authors: Hunn Debbie
Published: March 2016

Die gewöhnliche Sicht auf Gal 3,22 ist, dass das Gesetz die Welt verurteilt hat, damit die Menschen auf Christus als ihre einzige Hoffnung auf Rechtfertigung blicken mögen. Diese Interpretation ist jedoch unangemessen, weil sich nicht die gesamte Welt unter der Jurisdiktion des Gesetzes befunden hat. Anstatt dessen fordert die Schrift die Bestrafung der Juden, die das Gesetz übertreten haben, wenn sie gemäß V. 22a „alles unter der Sünde eingeschlossen hat“. Diese Bestrafung führte jedoch nicht notwendigerweise zu ihrer Verdammung, sondern brachte sie, wenn sie abirrten, zurück zu Gott und seinen Prophezeiungen. Auf diese Art und Weise erhielt das Gesetz die Verheißung Gottes in ihrem kollektiven Gedächtnis am Leben und bereitete ein Volk – oder zumindest einen Rest davon – darauf vor, der Verheißung zu glauben und sie zu verkündigen, als die Zeit der Erfüllung gekommen war.
The Textual Significance of Corrected Readings in the Evaluation of the External Evidence: Romans 5,1 as a Test Case
Authors: Man Loretta H.Y.
Published: March 2016

Die Frage der Qualität der Korrekturen von Lesarten wurde in der Textkritik lange vernachlässigt. Dem Zeugnis der Korrektoren einer Lesart wurde beim textkritischen Studium auf der Ebene der externen Bezeugung zumeist keine Bedeutung zugemessen. Dies gilt insbesondere für die variae lectiones in Röm 5,1, wo die Varianten ἔχομεν and ἔχωμεν aus theologischer Sicht von Bedeutung sind. In der Praxis der Textkritik wird vorausgesetzt, dass die allgemeine Qualität eines Textzeugen genügt, um den Wert einer spezifischen Variante, bei der Korrekturen vorliegen, zu beurteilen. Es ist das Ziel dieser Studie, neue Kriterien zur Bewertung der beiden bedeutendsten Zeugen von Röm 5,1, Codex Sinaiticus und Codex Vaticanus, zu entwickeln. In beiden Codices liest die prima manus den Konjunktiv ἔχωμεν und in beiden haben Korrektoren den Konjunktiv in den Indikativ ἔχομεν verändert. Gegen den textkritischen Konsens zeigt unsere Analyse, dass nicht die prima manus-Lesart ἔχωμεν in א und B, sondern die korrigierte Form ἔχομεν den Vorzug verdient.
Romans 7 and Speech-In-Character: A Critical Evaluation Of Stowers’ Hypothesis
Authors: Timmins Will
Published: March 2016

Stanley Stowers behauptet in seiner höchst einflussreichen Deutung von Röm 7, dass der Monolog des „Ich“ am besten als Prosopopöie verstanden wird. Der vorliegende Artikel evaluiert kritisch die verschiedenen Teile von Stowers’ aus mehreren Elementen bestehender Argumentation. Im Besonderen soll die von Stowers vorgebrachte Behauptung, Röm 7 entspreche dem antiken Gebrauch rhetorischer Tropen, wie sie in den Progymnasmata behandelt werden, geprüft, sodann die Ansicht, in Röm 7 sei die Stimme des Gesprächspartners des Paulus aus Röm 2,1–16 zu hören, auf ihre Stimmigkeit hin untersucht und schließlich Origenes’ Auslegung zu Röm 7, die Stowers zur Untermauerung seiner These heranzieht, sorgfältig analysiert werden.
“Renegades”
Authors: Picard Jason A.
Published: March 2016

This article explores the rise and fall of Thời Luận [Current Commentary Daily], a newspaper in South Vietnam. Launched in response to the 1954–1955 transmigration, Thời Luận initially struggled to attract readers. The paper’s reorganization in 1957 led to it becoming Vietnam’s first national opposition newspaper, capturing the imagination of Vietnamese readers unlike any newspaper ever had. Its existence revealed the complex nature of state–press relations in the early RVN period. The government, however, shut the paper down, effectively ending a period of sustained political debate in South Vietnam.
The Promotion of Confucianism in South Vietnam (1955–1975) and the Role of Nguyễn Đăng Thục as a New Confucian Scholar
Authors: Cường Nguyễn Tuấn
Published: March 2016

This research, in the first half, provides an outline of Confucian cultural practices as evidence of the promotion of Confucianism and national tradition in South Vietnam in 1955–1975, in the context of East Asian Confucianism from the 1950s to 1970s. The second half focuses on Nguyễn Đăng Thục, a leading scholar in South Vietnam, in order to investigate the motivation for his promotion of Confucianism as a national tradition of Vietnam. Influenced by the decolonization movement in Asian countries after World War II, and particularly by the 1947 Asian Relations Conference in New Delhi, Nguyễn Đăng Thục arguably assumed nationalistic and decolonizing approaches to his examination of Vietnamese culture and the traditional cultures of Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Asia as a whole. By analyzing his Confucian activities and research, this paper also argues that, to a certain extent, Nguyễn Đăng Thục should be labeled a “New Confucian” scholar of Vietnam.
Fractures Among Inpatients in a Pediatric Hospital
Authors: Topor Lisa Swartz , Borus Joshua S. , Aspinwall Sarah , Gilbert Courtney L. , Gordon Catherine M. , Huh Susanna Y.
Published: March 2016

OBJECTIVE:

Fractures occurring in hospitalized children may be an underrecognized preventable harm with implications for current and future bone health, but few data exist regarding the clinical characteristics of these pediatric patients. We describe the clinical characteristics of patients who sustained fractures during hospitalization over a 4.5-year period at a single tertiary care center.

METHODS:

We retrospectively identified subjects who experienced inpatient fractures using a voluntary safety event reporting system and computer-assisted keyword search of the electronic medical record. We used the medical record to collect clinical characteristics, laboratory data, and survival status.

RESULTS:

The safety event reporting system and keyword search identified 57% and 43% of subjects, respectively. Fifty-six subjects sustained 128 fractures while hospitalized, most frequently at the femur (33 fractures) and humerus (30 fractures). Twenty-seven subjects sustained multiple fractures. Common clinical characteristics included age ≤1 year (64%); preterm birth (53%); admission to an ICU (90%); immobilization (88%); and weight-for-age z score less than or equal to –2.0 (52%). Sixteen (29%) subjects died, and the mortality rate varied by primary diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS:

Critically ill, immobilized infants under 1 year of age and who were often born preterm sustained the majority of fractures occurring during hospitalization. A voluntary reporting system was insufficient to identify all inpatient fractures. Future studies should explore optimal fracture screening strategies and the relationship among fractures, severity of illness and mortality in hospitalized children.
Condiciones esenciales para el crecimiento de la cultura según T.S. Eliot
Authors: Ospina Garcés Helena
Published: March 2016

El objetivo de este trabajo es entresacar del ensayo de T.S. Eliot, Notes towards the Definition of Culture su concepto de cultura y la importancia de los estudios culturales en la pedagogía de lenguas y en el desarrollo de la sociedad actual. T.S. Eliot se pregunta si existen unas condiciones esenciales para el crecimiento y la sobrevivencia de la cultura. Para Eliot la interacción entre la cultura del individuo, la del grupo, y la de la sociedad, como un todo, es fundamental. En este marco de ideas daré a conocer la experiencia de dos proyectos de la Escuela de Lenguas Modernas: el Proyecto ED-2080 Encuentro Mesoamericano “Escritura-Cultura”, que desde el año 2006 viene reflexionado sobre esta interacción –individuo-grupo-sociedad–, y planteando la centralidad de la persona humana como base de una auténtica cultura y desarrollo; y el proyecto de investigación No. 23-B3-194 Investigaciones Literarias de obras en lenguas modernas (alemana, francesa, inglesa, italiana): Estudio y comentario del plan de lecturas del Ministerio de Educación Pública, que desde el 2013 viene abordando un enfoque axiológico y personalista en su crítica literaria. 

 
Gramática pulsional: las vicisitudes de la mirada
Authors: Fernández Fernández Daniel
Published: March 2016

En este artículo se presentan algunas reflexiones en torno al cuento Las celadas de Narciso, del escritor cubano Frank Padrón, tomando como eje teórico la figura del “amor engañoso”, la cual constituye uno de los componentes más destacados del análisis lacaniano en relación con la pulsión escópica. Contrario a una interpretación hermenéutica, se busca, siguiendo un acercamiento barthiano, plasmar algunos efectos significantes que derivan de la lectura del texto, con especial atención en la relación entre el homoerotismo y las vicisitudes de la mirada. 
El uso pragmático del diminutivo en el español del Valle Central de Costa Rica
Authors: Aguilar Porras Elber
Published: March 2016

En este artículo se realiza un análisis de los diminutivos más frecuentes utilizados en el español del Valle Central de Costa Rica. Desde una pers- pectiva pragmática, y haciendo uso de diversos programas computacio- nales para el análisis de la frecuencia de los diminutivos, se ofrece una visión más detallada del uso real que los interlocutores les dan. En este estudio, se toman en cuenta los usuarios de la red social Facebook y se considera, asimismo, el rol que cumplen los diminutivos en los diversos actos de habla y cómo estos afectan positiva o negativamente la imagen de los interlocutores. 
Three Communication Difficulties of EFL Students
Authors: Vargas Jiménez Grettel
Published: March 2016

A pesar de la diversidad de recursos (medios de comunicación, Internet, software, videos, redes sociales, etc.), muchos estudiantes presentan dificultades durante su proceso de aprendizaje de inglés como lengua extranjera. Ciertamente, existen tres aspectos que afectan negativamente la producción oral de los estudiantes. Primero, la falta de motivación que podría ser manifestada en ansiedad y baja autoestima. Segundo, el ambiente de aprendizaje que incluye la metodología del profesor y el ambiente de la clase en donde la ausencia de un contexto social de un segundo idioma no estimula la comunicación en situaciones de la vida real. Tercero, la interferencia de la lengua materna que se refleja en el hecho de que muchos estudiantes (incluso profesores) tienden a traducir y a utilizar la lengua materna en la clase de inglés como lengua extranjera; como resultado de esta práctica, se reduce la posibilidad de pensar y utilizar esa segunda lengua en diferentes contextos y situaciones significativas desarrolladas en clase. Sin embargo, el propósito de este artículo va mas allá de describir cómo estos tres aspectos afectan la producción oral de los alumnos de inglés como lengua extranjera en el aula. De hecho, el propósito es proveer información valiosa acerca de las causas de estos fenómenos para mejorar la fluidez en el uso del inglés como lengua extranjera entre los educandos. 