bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive Value of Alvarado, Acute Inflammatory Response, Tzanakis and RIPASA Scores in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Tahir Senol , Nikolovski Andrej , Ambardjieva Martina , Markov Petar , Mladenovik Dragoslav , Selim Gjulsen , Zafirova-Ivanovska Beti , Janevski Vlado
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA), as the most common cause of acute abdominal pain, has changed in the past decade by introducing scoring systems in addition to the use of clinical, laboratory parameters, and radiological examinations. This study aimed to assess the significance of the four scoring systems (Alvarado, Appendicitis Inflammatory Response (AIR), Raya Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis (RIPASA) and Tzanakis) in the prediction of delayed appendectomy. Materials and methods. The study included 100 respondents, who were diagnosed with AA in the period from January 2018 to February 2019 and were also operated on. In addition to the clinical, laboratory, and ultrasonographic examinations, four scoring systems (Alvarado, AIR, RIPASA, and Tzanakis) were used to diagnose AA. According to the obtained histopathological (HP) findings, the patients were divided into 3 groups: timely appendectomy, delayed appendectomy and unnecessary appendectomy. Using the sensitivity and specificity of all 4 scoring systems, ROC analysis was performed to predict delayed appendectomy. Results. In the study that included 100 patients (58% men, 42% women), after the appendectomy was performed, the resulting HP showed that 74% had a timely appendectomy, while 16% had delayed and 10% had an unnecessary appendectomy. For the prediction of delayed appendectomy, the area under the ROC curve showed a value of 0.577 for the Alvarado score, 0.504 for the AIR, 0.651 for the RIPASA, and 0.696 for the Tzanakis. Sensitivity and specificity for the Alvarado score was 54% and 62%, for RIPASA 62.5% and 63.5%, for Tzanakis 69% and 60.8%, respectively. Combining the three scoring systems (Alvarado, RIPASA, and Tzanakis), the surface area under the ROC curve was 0.762 (95% CI 0.521–0.783), with a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 62%. Conclusion. In our study, the diagnostic accuracy of RIPASA and Tzanakis showed better results than Alvarado, while AIR cannot be used to predict delayed appendectomy in our population. However, the simultaneous application of all three scoring systems, RIPASA, Tzanakis and Alvarado, has shown much better discriminatory ability, with higher sensitivity and specificity, as opposed to their use alone. Combining scoring systems should help in proper diagnosis to avoid negative appendectomy, but additional studies with a larger number of patients are needed to support these results.
Adynamic Graciloplasty for Faecal Incontinence in an Adult after Anal Atresia Correction in Infancy – a Case Report
Authors: Samalavicius Narimantas Evaldas , Nutautiene Vitalija , Butenaite Lina , Markelis Rytis , Dulskas Audrius
Published: December 2020

Background. Here we present a case of female patient suffering from bowel incontinence. Case report. The patient underwent unstimulated graciloplasty. Postoperative period was uneventful. After 4 weeks, a course of low frequency electric external stimulation in the area around the neurovascular bundle in the thigh was performed. Patient was evaluated 3 months postoperatively. On inspection, her anus was closed at rest. She stated moderate improvement in her continence and quality of life, her Wexner score was 10 and FISI score was 32 (prior surgery 19 and 44 accordingly). Conclusion. Adynamic graciloplasty seems to be a reasonable method of choice for faecal incontinence.
Safe Liposuction: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Černauskis Karolis , Kružyk Sandra , Šukytė Gabrielė , Venclauskas Linas , Sakalauskas Mantas
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Liposuction is one of the most popular aesthetic surgical procedures. Liposuction is associated with weight loss, but the primary significance of this operation is body lines contouring. According to US plastic surgery statistics for 2018, liposuction surgery was ranked in the top five of cosmetic surgical procedures, and the most common area of suction in the body was the abdomen. One of the most difficult complications after this procedure is perforation of the small or large intestine, with a frequency of 0.014%. In order to avoid this complication, a comprehensive pre-operative, post-operative examination of the patient and ensuring the safety of the operation are important. We presenting a complicated clinical case of liposuction and literature review. Presentation of case report. In July 2019, a 49-year-old patient underwent surgery by plastic surgeons. Abdominal liposuction surgery was performed. On the first postoperative day, the patient complained of diffuse abdominal pain (VAS 7–8 points), but there were no clinical signs of peritonitis. The patient underwent urgent surgery following the development of a clinical picture of sepsis and peritonitis due to tomography. The operation started with diagnostic laparoscopy. On the left side of the abdominal wall, 4–5 mm abdominal wall defects were observed, and the intestinal cavity was rich in intestinal contents. No obvious injuries to the small intestine, colon or other abdominal organs were observed during laparoscopy. Therefore, a laparotomy was performed, during which two perforations of the small intestine were found and sutured. The postoperative period was smooth, with the patient discharged home after 11 bed days. Conclusions. Intestinal perforation after liposuction is a rare but dangerous complication. Although bowel injury is one of the most severe complications. Prevention is possible starting with a detailed clinical examination of the patient in the preoperative period. The postoperative period should be particularly important in light of the patient’s complaints and clinical symptoms. The presented clinical case shows what a complication of abdominal liposuction can be threatening and how important its early diagnosis and vigilance are.
Knowledge-Oriented Tool Complex Processing Databases of Scientific Publications
Authors:   V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics, Palagin Оlexander V. , Petrenko Мykola G. ,   V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Nowadays, numerous applications and tools are known that implement information retrieval technologies in various text sources in accordance with specified parameters. Moreover, the search results are provided to the user for each search parameter individually and not related to each other. And the application of Semantic Web technologies for the purpose of multi-parameter and related information retrieval in various sources in Ukraine is at the initial stage of development. A separate problem is the multimedia presentation of search results and their comparison with the conceptual structure of the domain of interest (Knowledge Domain) with the goal of extracting new knowledge. From this point of view, it is relevant for scientific research to process the scientific publications of one author, authors of a scientific unit and the academic institute as a whole, using the Semantic Web technologies, multimedia presentation of information, and effective support for the process of extracting new knowledge. Purpose. Designing the architecture and functioning algorithms of the instrumental complex for processing databases of scientific publications, as well as developing examples of using a formal description of a scientific article with a number of queries. Methods. The methods and models used in this work are based on Semantic Web information technologies focused on the development and use of subject ontologies. Ontologies are the basic components of these technologies both for conducting scientific research and creating large databases, including scientific publications of the authors. Results. The architecture of the instrumental complex for processing databases of scientific publications and the algorithms for its functioning at the preparatory and main stages have been developed. Examples of queries to the database of scientific publications that demonstrate the performance of IR are given. Conclusion. The article discusses the architecture of the instrumental complex for processing databases of scientific publications and the algorithms for its functioning at the preparatory and main stages. The steps of the preparatory phase, which are implemented by the knowledge engineer, are examined in detail. At the same time, the creation of two ontology models of the scientific article with the presentation of the corresponding ontographs was highlighted: the CRF-model describes the concepts contained in the article, and the OWL-model describes the structural components of the article. In conclusion, examples of queries to the databases of scientific publications are presented, demonstrating the performance of the instrumental complex. Further, it is necessary to expand the use in the development of IR technologies, such as cognitive semantics and graphics, multimedia presentation of information, focused on the effective support of the processes of extraction and/or generation of new knowledge.
On boundary-value problems for generalized analytic and harmonic functions
Authors:   Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics of the NAS of Ukraine, Slov’yansk, Gutlyanskiĭ V.Ya. , Nesmelova O.V. ,   Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics of the NAS of Ukraine, Slov’yansk,   Donbas State Pedagogical University, Slov’yansk, Ryazanov V.I. ,   Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics of the NAS of Ukraine, Slov’yansk,   Bogdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy, Yefimushkin A.S. ,   Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics of the NAS of Ukraine, Slov’yansk
Published: December 2020

The present paper is a natural continuation of our last articles on the Riemann, Hilbert, Dirichlet, Poincaré, and, in particular, Neumann boundary-value problems for quasiconformal, analytic, harmonic functions and the so-called A-harmonic functions with arbitrary boundary data that are measurable with respect to the logarithmic capacity. Here, we extend the corresponding results to generalized analytic functions h : D→C with sources g : ∂z-h = g ∈ Lp , p > 2, and to generalized harmonic functions U with sources G : ΔU =G ∈Lp , p > 2. Our approach is based on the geometric (functional-theoretic) interpretation of boundary values in comparison with the classical operator approach in PDE. Here, we will establish the corresponding existence theorems for the Poincaré problem on directional derivatives and, in particular, for the Neumann problem to the Poisson equations ΔU =G with arbitrary boundary data that are measurable with respect to the logarithmic capacity. A few mixed boundary-value problems are considered as well. These results can be also applied to semilinear equations of mathematical physics in anisotropic and inhomogeneous media.
Recent Advanced of Multiple Unite Pellet System (MUPS) Technology in Formulation of Pharmaceutical Products: A Review
Authors: Chatap V. K . , Joshi Deshbandhu
Published: December 2020

The oral route of drug administration is the most important and most user-friendly route of administration. In recent years, Multiple Unit Pellet Systems (MUPS) tablets are widely used in solid dosage form design. MUPS is considered to provide pharmacokinetic advantages compared to monolithic dosage forms. Combination of drug substances and release profiles can be provided by formulating the MUPS tablets with different pellet qualities or combining pellets with drugs in powder or granulated form. MUPS tablet contains several hundred of coated pellets of active pharmaceutical ingredients which delivered the drug at predetermined rate and absorption to provide constant blood profile. MUPS are easily administered as disintegratable tablet which disperse into their subunits across the stomach and the small intestine, leading to predictable oral transition and constant bioavailability.
El florecimiento humano integral. Reflexiones acerca del estatuto, función e introducción del primer principio de la moral en «Natural Law and Natural Rights»
Authors: Retamar-Jiménez José-Antonio
Published: December 2020

La filosofía moral ocupa una parte fundamental, junto con la filosofía política y la filosofía del derecho (Jurisprudence), de la explicación que propone Finnis en sus dos ediciones de Natural Law and Natural Rights para dar respuesta a la cuestión de cómo se fundamentan los derechos naturales en la ley natural. La explicación de Finnis acerca de la ley natural y su operación está inspirada en algunos textos importantes de T. de Aquino; no obstante, las raíces y razonamientos de ambos autores son distintos. En la primera edición, la filosofía moral presentada propone la interacción entre dos tipos de principios: los bienes humanos básicos y las exigencias de uno de ellos (la razonabilidad práctica). En la segunda, Finnis introduce un principio moral para modular dicha interacción, denominado «plenitud humana integral». En este trabajo se explica por qué el planteamiento moral presente en la primera edición era restrictivo y evidenciaba la insuficiencia de los bienes humanos para lograr un espectro teleológico capaz de para orientar la moralidad. Asimismo, se describe la evolución del concepto de la plenitud humana integral en la producción del autor y se señalan las dificultades asociadas a la recepción de la nueva «guía» moral (formalmente reconocida a partir de 1987) dentro del conjunto doctrinal ya existente. Se focaliza la atención en las dificultades siguientes: el uso de denominaciones con significados diversos como si fueran sinónimos (florecimiento, plenitud, realización.../fin, objetivo, bien, no bien, exigencia, key premise, principio maestro de la moral, ideal, precepto...), la imprecisa equiparación con la beatitudo imperfecta tomista, el problemático encaje con los principios prácticos señalados como autoevidentes en la primera edición, la circularidad del sistema y la posible falta de virtualidad preceptiva en la noción de la plenitud humana integral por no presentarse, necesariamente, como un fin.
Sobre los bienes básicos de John Finnis como fundamento para los bioderechos
Authors: Pereira-Sáez María-Carolina
Published: December 2020

El propósito de este trabajo es sugerir que los bienes básicos de John Finnis pueden ofrecer un fundamento razonable para los bioderechos de hoy en día. Para ello atenderemos, primero, a la comprensión actual de los derechos humanos –que no están su momento de máximo esplendor, sino más bien en una situación de fragmentación y proliferación hiper-pluralista**– y su necesidad de fundamentación; en particular, de los llamados bioderechos. A continuación, expondremos los aspectos principales de la propuesta de John Finnis respecto de los bienes básicos y sus exigencias, especialmente su relación con los derechos. Para concluir, discutiremos si la consideración de los bienes básicos de John Finnis como base para los bioderechos nos permitiría aportar un mínimo de orden y significado en el mencionado paisaje de proliferación e hiper pluralismo.
Religious Liberty in «Natural Law and Natural Rights»
Authors: Bradley Gerard
Published: December 2020

John Finnis since 1980 has published many important scholarly papers treating different aspects of religious liberty. These works include both philosophical and theological perspectives. Some of the best of this work has specifically addressed Dignitatis humane, the Second Vatican Council’s declaration of Religious Freedom. Perhaps surprisingly, then, Finnis says almost nothing explicitly about either the Council or about religious freedom in Natural Law and Natural Rights. I shall argue here that Finnis nonetheless identifies and cogently defends in Natural Law and Natural Rights (NLNR) the foundational components of a sound conception of religious liberty. Building upon these anchor points – drawing a line connecting the dots, if you will – one can bring this conception into clear view. Because it is constructed bottom up from deep philosophical foundations, this implicit account of religious liberty is critically justified, as well as robust. In this article I also build upon Finnis’s foundations, and show how putative divine revelations to humankind impact religious liberty and, then, describe the cultural formations conducive to making robust religious liberty practically available to the inquiring, deliberating, acting person.
Compression Effects on Structural Relaxation Process of Amorphous Indomethacin
Authors: Cuong Tran Dinh , Phan Anh D.
Published: December 2020

Indomethacin is a common nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, but its glass transition behaviors remain ambiguous. Here we present a simple theoretical approach to investigate the molecular mobility of amorphous indomethacin under compression. In our model, the relaxation of a particle is governed by its nearest-neighbor interactions and long-range cooperative effects of fluid surroundings. On that basis, the temperature and pressure dependence of the structural relaxation time is deduced from the thermal expansion process. Additionally, we also consider correlations between the activated dynamics and the shear response in the deeply supercooled state. Our numerical calculations agree quantitatively well with previous experimental works.
Molecular Emissions from Circumstellar Envelopes in the Presence of a Binary Companion
Authors: Dinh Trung Van
Published: December 2020

Following our previous work on the hydrodynamic simulations of the structure of circumstellar envelopes in the presence of a binary companion, in this paper we present the results of radiative transfer calculations for molecular emission line HC3N J=5 – 4 from these simulated circumstellar envelopes. We show that the molecular line emission traces closely the spiral pattern and the associated density enhancement induced by the presence of the binary companion. The molecular emission provides the spatial kinematics of the features within the envelope, which is valuable for estimating the orbital parameters of the binary system and for inferring the physical conditions of the gas within the envelope. We also show that the appearance of the molecular emission depends on the viewing angle resulting in a range of shapes from the spiral pattern to ring-like features, similar to that observed recently in a number of circumstellar envelopes at high angular resolution.
Multiband Metamaterial Absorber in a Ring Structure Base on High-order Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hien , Nguyen Thi Anh Hong , Dinh Thi Nga , Bui Xuan Khuyen , Bui Son Tung , Nguyen Xuan Ca , Nguyen Van Ngoc , Nguyen Ba Tuong , Vu Dinh Lam
Published: December 2020

We proposed a multi-band metamaterial absorber (MA) based on high-order magnetic resonance using ring-shaped structures. We obtained three absorption peaks at 4.71 GHz (the fundamental resonance), 13.39 GHz (the third-order behavior), and 19.91 GHz (the fifth-order behavior) with correspondent absorptions of 90%, 100%, and 99.33%, respectively. Therefore, these high-order perfect absorptions are the potential to make the easier fabrication for the next generation of MAs, especially in high-frequency regions. Particular, the obtained results are further controlled using the LC circuit model. Besides, by scaling down the unit-cell size, the third- and fifth-order absorptions are created in the THz frequency band.
Anisotropic Magnetoresistance Effect of Nickel Nanowires
Authors: Pham Do Chung , Ngo Van Thanh , Wegrowe Jean-Eric
Published: December 2020

In this work, we study the magnetic properties of nickel nanowires by measuring their anisotropic magnetoresistance at room temperature. The single nickel nanowire is grown by electrodeposition in a polymer membrane (Polycarbonate). We measure the anisotropic magnetoresistance effect of nickel nanowires for the various values of the magnitudes and orientations of an external magnetic field. The results clearly show the existence the anisotropic magnetoresistance effect in the nickel nanowires. Besides, the experimental data are best fit to the analytical calculations using the Stoner-Wohlfarth model for the magnetization of the wires.
Stratagem: Spillover Effect of Applying Innovations in Medium-Sized Industrialized Cities
Authors:   Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) of Volgograd State Technical University, Medvedeva Lyudmila , Vakarev Alexander ,   Volga Institute of Economics, Pedagogy and Law
Published: December 2020

The spatial development of cities in the crisis period associated with the COVID-19 pandemic requires a new toolkit for developing stratagems. The converged platform has a significant number of models of cities of the future, including green and smart ones, created by the initiative of authorities or corporations. Russia has some experience in the development of such cities as well. The article presents materials that reveal the main areas of implementing smart technologies in cities (Smart Energy, Smart Water, Smart Buildings, Smart Transportation, Smart Government), approaches to assessing the actions of local authorities on implementing the IQ Cities Project. On the example of the city of Volzhsky, Volgograd Region, which is part of the group of medium-sized industrialized cities, a mechanism for developing a stratagem is shown – the spillover effect from the introduction of innovations into the citys economy. The use of an information and reference system (ISSMSE), which simulates spillover effects in different areas of urban and regional economy, is justified. It is explained why the prevailing ideas of people about cities of the future do not coincide with projects being implemented and that tools of neuromarketing and crowdsourcing are able to bring these two components of the process closer together. Todays social life focuses the attention of residents on the process of mass consumption, displacing all other semantic patterns from consciousness. The aim of the study was to substantiate the formation of a stratagem of the spillover effect of introducing innovations into the economy of medium-sized industrialized cities with a target vector for the introduction of smart technologies.
Special Tools for the Development of Regions of Russia as a Resource of Interregional Integration
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Gontar Nikolay
Published: December 2020

The diversity of regional situations in Russia requires a differentiated approach to building regional policies for different types of regions. Under this approach, a number of instruments have been developed to promote regional development, however they are based on the separation of regions and the strengthening of their vertical linkages. At the same time, the resource of synergistic development through interregional interaction remains virtually unused. In this regard, the purpose of the article was to inventory the existing special regimes of regional development (special economic zones, clusters, regions of a special type, territories of advanced development and others), identify legislative opportunities for implementing interregional cooperation within their framework, and analyze actual results of such instruments in Russia. Based on the analysis of the legislative framework and the practice of using the special instruments under consideration, a range of measures has been formulated to accelerate their effectiveness in the methodological and institutional sphere. A range of mechanisms that will allow the inclusion of the criterion of interregional cooperation in the structure of relevant instruments is proposed. At the same time, the fact of differentiation of possible additional (involving interregional ties) mechanisms depending on the type of region and the purpose of the implemented special development formats is taken into account.
Prospects for the Development of Network Interaction in the Transport and Logistics Complex of the Region
Authors:   Perm Institute (Branch) of Russian Economic University named after G.V. Plekhanov, Oborin Matvey
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the current issue of development of the transport and logistics system and transport and logical clusters on the territory of the Russian Federation on the basis of network interaction. The subject of the study is the transport and logistics clusters of Russian regions, their importance in the development of the transport and logistics complex and economy of Russian regions. Scientific and theoretical concepts on the research problem and their hierarchy in the transport and logistics complex of the region are considered. The economic essence of the transport and logistics cluster and its structure elements are described, and the economic characteristics of various groups of enterprises depending on the degree of participation in the main business process are presented. A comparative assessment of the state and functioning of transport and logistics clusters on the territory of Russia with the European network of transport and logistics clusters formed during the strengthening of integration of European economies into a single space is carried out and proposals for their development based on network interaction are made. The main research methods are formal logical, system and situational approaches, and statistical analysis. The need to support the formation of transport and logistics clusters through state programs and strategies, forms of public-private partnership in economy, activation of integration ties and integrated development based on basic enterprises is identified. The indicators of functioning of transport and logical clusters on the example of Belgorod region, Primorye Krai, including the level of development of the regional infrastructure, the degree of involvement of the economic power of the region, regions position on major domestic and global transport corridors are analyzed and studied. Based on the results of the work, proposals for the development of network interaction in the transport and logistics complex of the regions were formulated, prospects and directions for improving the economic efficiency of transport enterprises were determined, and the percentage of losses in the industry was reduced. The application of the results is useful in the development of regional socio-economic and transport development programs.
Gender Differences in the Motivation of Entrepreneurs in Modern Countries
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State University, Pinkovetskaia Iuliia
Published: December 2020

Entrepreneurship is important in most countries today. One of the main goals of government bodies is to develop and implement measures that ensure an effective gender policy in the development of the business sector, including business motivation. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the values of indicators that characterize the following four options for motivating start-up entrepreneurs, men and women, namely: changing the world for the better, improving well-being and earning higher incomes, continuing the family tradition, the need to earn a living. The study used economic and mathematical modeling based on the development of eight density functions of the normal distribution. The information provided in the Global Entrepreneurship Monitoring Project was considered as initial empirical data. Indicators describing the proportion of different types of motivation typical for men and women who create their own business are studied. The average values of the indicators, as well as their ranges for most countries are determined. A comparative analysis of the values of indicators for Russia and foreign countries is given. The study has a scientific novelty and originality, because it uses economic and mathematical models to evaluate the values of indicators of four variants of entrepreneurial motivation, sets the average values and ranges of changes in the indicators of motivation of start-up entrepreneurs, determines the countries that are characterized by high and low values of the indicators under consideration. The obtained research results have a certain theoretical and applied significance.
Clearing the Field: How do Presidential Primary Candidates Win Big on Super Tuesday?
Authors: Swearingen Colin
Published: December 2020

In presidential primaries, Super Tuesday elections play a significant role in winnowing candidate fields and establishing nomination frontrunners.  Despite their importance, scholars know little about why and how candidates win or lose the states comprising these events.  This study explores which factors help explain candidate performance in Super Tuesday primaries between 2008 and 2016.  Using pooled cross-sectional time-series analysis, the results indicate three key drivers of Super Tuesday success: candidate viability, public attention, and media attention.  These findings imply that presidential campaigns continue to be complex electoral events beyond the early primary states and suggest that underdog candidates can still win states under the right conditions.  Future research should explore the interrelatedness of these three critical factors.
Geographic Differences of Individual Views toward the Role of Government
Authors: Fudge Daniel
Published: December 2020

Government, through the provision of public services, plays an integral role in the lives of American citizens.  In consequence, public opinion of government involvement has been consistently measured through the use of national surveys in order to better evaluate the public’s reaction to specific public policies.  While measuring of aggregate public opinions on government involvement is valuable, there are certainly differences across various groups of Americans.  The United States may be divided when it comes to partisanship and ideology, but perhaps there are also significant divisions between Americans based on their geography, or “place”.  Using data from the American National Election Survey from 1994-2008, this study examines the differences in opinion on government spending towards public services, welfare programs, and Social Security.  Rooted in the idea that different “places” harbor varying degrees of support for the government, I hypothesize that the role of government is viewed differently between urban and rural America, further demonstrating that America experiences an urban-rural division in regard to perceptions of American politics.  The findings demonstrate that ideology drives Americans’ support for these specific policies and that “place” can serve as a conditioning effect on the standard ideological view.  Specifically, liberals living in rural areas are less supportive of government spending than their liberal counterparts living in more urban areas.  Additionally, rural liberals are less supportive of welfare spending; however, are more supportive of Social Security than liberals from urban areas.
Kiliseden Camiye Dönüştürme ve İstanbul’da Kiliseden Dönüştürülen Camiler Hakkında Notlar
Authors: DÜZENLİ Halil İbrahim
Published: December 2020

Bir dinin/inancın ibadet ritüellerinin toplu olarak gerçekleştirildiği “kutsal” mekânların

başka bir din/inanç ritüelleri için kullanılmaya başlanması, mekânların bu anlamdaki

dönüşümleri tarih boyunca karşılaşılan durumlardır. Söz konusu dönüşümlerin coğrafyaya,

tarihsel döneme, belli inanç faktörlerine, siyasal iklime, iktidar ilişkilerine vb. göre

farklılıklar gösterdiği söylenebilir. Bu makalede bir mesele olarak “kutsal mekânın dönüşümü”

ve İstanbul özelinde kiliseden camiye dönüşüm irdelenecektir. Zeyrek Camii

(Pantakrator Kilisesi/Manastırı) gibi bazı dönüşümlere ayrıca değinilecektir. İstanbul’daki

dönüşümler literatürde farklı sayı ve isimlerde yer almaktadır. Makalede bu literatürün

biraraya getirilmesi, bazı tashihler yapılması ve toparlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Bugün

İstanbul’da ismi bilinen, halen ayakta veya kaybolmuş olsa da konumları tahmin edilen

kırk adet kiliseden çevrilme cami bulunmaktadır. Makalenin temel savı kiliseden camiye

dönüştürme eyleminin bütüncül veya tek bir sebebe bağlı olarak açıklanamayacağı, her

durumun/tekil örneğin farklılıklar barındırdığıdır. Kiliseler bir gayr-i müslim memleketini

fethetmenin sembolü olarak, ilâhi nizamın yeniden tesisi için, demografik yapı değişimlerine

bağlı olarak, harap olan yapıların ihtiyaç doğrultusunda yeniden kullanımı gibi

nedenlerle camiye çevrilmiştir.
Zeynep Çelik, Avrupa Şark’ı Bilmez: Eleştirel Bir Söylem (1872-1932)
Authors: KOCAIŞIK Dilruba
Published: December 2020

Zeynep Çelik’in1 kültürel çalışmalar ve tarih türündeki derleme çalışması Avrupa

Şark’ı Bilmez: Eleştirel Bir Söylem (1872-1932), 2020 yılı Ekim ayı itibarıyla

Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları’ndan çıktı. Kitap, adını 1872’de Namık Kemal’in

İbret Dergisi’nde yayınlanan aynı isimli makalesinden2 alıyor. Çalışma, yirminci

yüzyılın en çok tartışılan metinlerinden olan Şarkiyatçılık’tan3 bir asır önce, Osmanlı-

Türk entelektüellerinin Avrupa’nın Şark’a ilişkin ön yargı ve yanlışlarla

dolu paradigmalarına tepki olarak kaleme aldıkları bazı metinlerden oluşuyor.

Zeynep Çelik’in seçkisiyle bir araya getirilen bu metinler roman, şiir, hikâye,

makale, dergi ve gazete yazıları gibi birbirinden çok farklı edebi türlere ait olduğu

gibi aralarında fotoğraf kolajı gibi görsel yayınlara da yer veriliyor. Çelik’in

derlemesindeki isimler, eserdeki sırasıyla: Namık Kemal, Ebüzziya (Tevfik), Halid

Ziya, Ahmet Haşim, Halide Edib, Şevket Süreyya, Celal Esad, Ismayıl Hakkı,

Ahmed Midhat, Fatma Aliye, Ömer Lütfi, İzzet Melih, Nâzım Hikmet, Ömer

Seyfeddin ve Ercümend Ekrem.
Betül Özbay, Manihaist Bir İlahi Huyadagmān: Partça, Soğdca, Eski Uygurca Metin ve Çeviri
Authors: MALTA Kübra
Published: December 2020

Eski Uygur Türkçesi ve Orta İran dilleri üzerinde karşılaştırmalı çalışmalar

yürüten Betül Özbay’ın yeni çalışması Manihaist Bir İlahi Huyadagmān: Partça,

Soğdca, Eski Uygurca Metin ve Çeviri adıyla Haziran 2020’de Dergâh Yayınları

tarafından yayımlandı. Adında güçlü bir Manihaizm vurgusu taşıyan kitap, bir

yandan bu alanda çalışan araştırmacılara diğer yandan ise içeriğindeki dillerle

ilgilenen uzmanlara kaynaklık edecek türden çok yönlü bir çalışma olarak nitelendirilebilir.

Bu çalışmayla Eski Uygur Türkçesinin yanı sıra Partça, Soğdca ve

Orta Farsça gibi İranî dillerden ilk kez günümüz Türkçesine çeviriler yapılmıştır.

Türkçeye kazandırılan bu metinlerin ülkemizde yürütülen çalışmalara katkısı

açıktır. Uluslararası alanda ise 1900’lerin başından itibaren dünyanın çeşitli bölgelerinde

dağınık hâlde çalışılmakta olan döngü ilahi (İng. hymn-cycle) Huyadagmān

metninin parçaları bu kitapta karşılaştırmalı yöntemle ilk kez bir araya

getirilerek bilim dünyasının hizmetine sunulmuştur. Bu yazıda, Özbay’ın izlediği

yöntemler üzerine dikkat çekmek ve okuyucuların kitabı kullanımını kolaylaştırabilmek

amacıyla çeşitli örnekler bir araya getirilmiştir.
Características epidemiológicas de las pacientes con infección del sitio operatorio sometidas a cesárea segmentaria del Hospital Pedro García Clara, Venezuela
Authors: Palacio Marcos , Rubio Fernández Diana , Herrera Bonete Valeria Rocio , Zapata Naula José Francisco , Pogo Cueva Lizbeth del Carmen , Ullaguari Guaman Ana Lorena
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Describir las características epidemiológicas de las pacientes con infección del sitio operatorio sometidas a cesárea segmentaria del Hospital Pedro García Clara, Venezuela.  Materiales y métodos: Se trató de un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo en pacientes sometidas a cesárea segmentaria que presentaron infección del sitio operatorio, ingresadas en la Unidad de Obstetricia y Ginecología del Hospital “Pedro García Clara”, en el periodo enero 2011 - octubre 2016. Se emplearon los datos clínicos de las historias que se encuentran en el departamento de registros médicos del mencionado hospital. Resultados: De las 44 pacientes evaluadas, el 97,7% (n=43) presentaron ISO tras cesáreas de emergencia, más de 80% de las infecciones fueron en pacientes con 18 años o más, de procedencia urbana en 72,7% (n=31), con oficios del hogar (68,2%; n=30), educación secundaria (59,1%; n=26) y solteras (45,5%; n=20). Durante el reingreso, el 81,8% (n=36) sólo reportó infección del sitio operatorio, mientras que 11,4% (n=5) reportó piometra; el agente causal más aislado fue Escherichia coli con 34,1% (n=15), el 63,8% (n=28) tuvo <10 días de hospitalización, únicamente 6,8% (n=3) ingresó a unidad de cuidados intensivos y sólo un 4,5% (n=2) falleció durante su estancia intrahospitalaria. Conclusión: Las pacientes con ISO sometidas a cesárea segmentaria del Hospital Pedro García Clara, Venezuela, tienen características clínicas similares a las de reportes previos; con afectación predominantemente en aquellas operadas de emergencia, con bajo nivel educativo, comorbilidades como anemia e hipertensión, teniendo una evolución favorable en la mayoría de los casos.
Poiesis. Oor maaksels en hul wêreld na aanleiding van Versfeld se Pots and Poetry
Authors: Wolff Ernst
Published: December 2020

In this review article the first comprehensive interpretation of Martin Verfeld’s Pots and Poetry is presented. The nature of the philosopher’s discursive practice is presented with reference to his other work. It is argued that “connection” (of meaning) is the continuous theme of the nine independent essays. Connection justifies the non-analytic form of reasoning in the book and calls for comparision between philosophical and poetic writing. Analytic writing is symptomatic of the modernist instrumentalist relation to reality and the “cannibalist ego”; writing that echoes the carmen universi initiates the therapy consiting of reverberating with the original cosmic generosity. Versfeld’s attempt at re-connecting the technical and artistic heritage of the Greek poiesis is examined. Poetic existence is shown to be the essence of a life that gives creative recognition to the original meaningful interconnection of the world. The cultural critical and political dimensions of such an existence are exposed and submitted to criticism.
АНАЛИЗ И МЕТОДЫ КООРДИНАЦИИ МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ ПО ЭНЕРГОЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ЭКОНОМИКИ РЕГИОНОВ
Authors: Полетаев Илья Юрьевич
Published: December 2020

Целью исследования является анализ основных задач и мероприятий органов государственного и регионального управления при реализации региональных программ и мероприятий в области энергосбережения и энергоэффективности.

Методологическую основу исследования представляют исследования мероприятий по повышению эффективности использования энергетических ресурсов, для этого проводится сравнительный анализ и классификация. Информационной базой исследования послужили нормативно-правовые документы Российской Федерации в области энергоэффективности.

Результаты исследования. В статье проведен анализ формирования региональных и муниципальных целевых программ по повышению энергоэффективности экономики. Приведены методы малозатратных мероприятий при решении вопросов повышения энергоэффективности: юридические, административные и технологические. Обращается особое внимание на необходимость координации взаимодействия в совместной деятельности органов государственного управления и структур регионов, независимо от их отраслевой и ведомственной принадлежности и организационно-правовых форм.

Перспективу исследования составляет дальнейшее исследование и углубленный анализ региональных мероприятий по повышению энергоэффективности с целью определения оптимальных и окупаемых мероприятий для обобщения и разработки современной нормативно-правовых документов.
ДИССЕРТАЦИЯ КАК НАУЧНО-КВАЛИФИКАЦИОННАЯ РАБОТА: РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ АЛГОРИТМА ЗАМЫСЛА СОИСКАТЕЛЯ
Authors: Дятлов Александр Викторович , Ковалев Виталий Владимирович
Published: December 2020

Цель исследования состоит в том, чтобы раскрыть алгоритм написания текста диссертации как особого научно-квалификационного жанра.

Методологическая база исследования основывается на теоретическом наследии А. В. Лубского. В качестве опорных выступают разработанные им понятия «методологический конструкт», «концепция как замысел», «концепция как результат».

Результаты исследования. Авторы предлагают одну из возможных моделей написания текста диссертационной работы. Для нее характерны следующие особенности: 1) четкое определение последовательности каждого из фрагментов; 2) нелинейный порядок написания структурных компонентов текста; 3) алгоритмичность процесса создания текста диссертации; 4) решение проблемы внутренней целостности диссертации через разработку эмпирических индикаторов. Данный подход основан на представлении, что диссертация есть не просто способ выразить идеи и обосновать их, используя арсенал методических средств социологии, это еще и своего рода научный тренинг. Итогом этого процесса должен стать не только качественный текст, но и подготовка профессионального ученого высокой квалификации.

Перспективы дальнейших исследований авторы видят в создании более детализированного учебно-методического пособия, разработанного для аспирантов и их научных руководителей. В нем планируется расширить изложенные в тексте данной статьи идеи и сопроводить их соответствующими примерами. Также мы планируем сделать больший акцент на эмпирических разделах диссертационной работы.
Examining the Roles of Self-Efficacy Beliefs, Self-Regulated Learning and Foreign Language Anxiety in the Academic Achievement of Tertiary EFL Learners
Authors: ÖZER Ömer , İŞPINAR AKÇAYOĞLU Duygu
Published: December 2020

This quantitative study investigates the potential relationships among foreign-language self-efficacy (FL self-efficacy), self-regulation, foreign-language anxiety (FLA), class attendance and academic achievement in English language. The participants were 344 EFL learners who were enrolled in a one-year preparatory programme at a state university in Turkey to improve their overall English proficiency. Criterion sampling was used to select the respondents. The results indicate that class attendance significantly predicts the overall academic achievement of students. It is also striking to see that FL self-efficacy played the most significant and positive role in predicting EFL learners’ academic achievement. Moreover, FLA was a negative predictor of students’ academic performance. Therefore, students’ FL achievement decreases as anxiety increases. The study shows that class attendance is still a strong predictor of academic achievement in foreign language learning. In addition, self-regulated learning (SRL) reflected a significant increase in class attendance. The findings also confirm the correlations among the three constructs. The analysis yielded a medium negative correlation between FL self-efficacy and FLA in addition to a small positive correlation between FL self-efficacy and SRL. Given the growing role of blended and online learning, we advocate for the publication of more studies with longitudinal research designs examining the inter-relations among SRL, academic performance and attendance in online and ‘traditional’ classrooms. The implications of the findings for teachers and language learners are also discussed
Globalization’s Implications for G20 Governance
Authors:   University of Toronto, Kirton John
Published: December 2020

The rapid globalization of money, goods, services, taxation, knowledge, people, political ideas, digitalization, and especially pathogens and ecological pollutants has intensified, along with rising inequality, multipolarity, protectionism, isolationism and geopolitical tensions. Together these factors present new challenges to 21st century global governance led by the systemically significant states which make up the Group of Twenty (G20). G20 governance has expanded in response, but with more success on its old, incompletely globalized economic agenda than on its newer, more globalized digitalization, health pandemics and climate change agendas. The most recent G20 summit in Osaka, Japan on 28–29 June 2019 did make advances on tax and digitalization but not on the looming health risks and the existential threat of climate change. Preparations for the Saudi Arabian-hosted Riyadh summit, to be held on 21–22 November 2020, have made some progress on the latter amidst the unprecedented crisis posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The crisis shows that the G20’s architecture needs to be further strengthened by institutionalizing G20 environment and health ministers’ meetings; inviting the executive heads of the United Nations (UN) bodies for climate change, biodiversity, the environment and health, as well as the leaders of key outside countries, to the summits; giving the UN and World Health Organization the same G20 status as the International Monetary Fund and World Bank; and holding a second annual summit at the UN each September focused on the sustainable development goals.
The Role of BRICS in International Development Assistance
Authors:   School of International Relations and Public Affairs (SIRPA) of Shanghai International Studies University (SISU), Guo Shuyong , Sun Yulin ,   School of International Relations and Public Affairs (SIRPA) of Shanghai International Studies University (SISU), Demidov Pavel ,   School of International Relations and Public Affairs (SIRPA) of Shanghai International Studies University (SISU)
Published: December 2020

With their growing economic power and international influence, the BRICS group of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa are paying increasing attention to international development assistance. Although the BRICS countries started later than western developed countries, the speed of their development is staggering and their share in foreign aid is gradually increasing. The BRICS countries continue to innovate forms of assistance and cooperation in their own international development assistance, to strengthen cooperation with recipient countries, and to plan their own foreign aid work through the establishment of relevant institutions and the publication of relevant documents. But, at the same time, the BRICS countries are facing certain challenges in the process of international development assistance. This article examines the historical practice of BRICS’ international development assistance, analyzes the role BRICS plays in international development assistance, and considers the future prospects for BRICS’ participation.
Trade Policy and National Economic Interests in Korea
Authors:   The Institute of Economics Russian Academy of Science, Korgun Irina , Zuev Vladimir ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: December 2020

Membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and participation in free trade agreements (FTAs) are important instruments for governments to realize national economic interests. The Republic of Korea has been particularly successful in doing so. As the experience of Korea shows, a trade policy mix between multilateral liberalization under the WTO and preferential liberalization through FTAs allows the government to optimally balance national interests and strive for higher levels of social welfare and economic effectiveness, while simultaneously protecting national industries. However, such results seem to be possible only if national economic interests are clearly defined and are synchronized with a country’s goals regarding WTO membership and its strategy for FTAs. During recent decades, Korea has practiced an active long-term planning of trade policy so that trade benefits are not excessively concentrated in a narrow range of trade actors and are distributed more evenly in society. This meant appropriate balancing of liberalization and protection measures, reinforced by special support programmes that neutralized the negative impact of higher market openness. In this article, Korea’s strategy regarding trade policy is analyzed, including the reasons Korea pursued an FTA-centric policy and the benefits it obtained in addition to those it obtained from WTO membership.