bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Projected Drought Prevalence in Malawi’s Lufilya Catchment: A Study Using Regional Climate Models and the SPI Method
Authors: Kumwenda Lenard , Kumambala Patsani Gregory , Fiwa Lameck , Chipula Grivin , Phiri Stanley , Kachali Righteous , Mfune Sangwani Mathews
Published: December 2024

Droughts are caused either by a deficiency in precipitation compared to normal levels or by excessive evapotranspiration exceeding long-term averages. Therefore, assessing future drought prevalence based on projected climatic variables is essential for effective drought preparedness. In this study, an ensemble of three Regional Climate Models (REMO2009, RCA4, and CCLM4-8-17) was used for Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5), covering two future time periods (2025–2069 and 2070–2100). The quantile distribution mapping technique was employed to bias-correct the RCMs. The ensemble of RCMs projected an increase in rainfall, ranging from 40% to 85% under both RCP 8.5 and RCP 4.5. Both RCPs indicated an increase in daily average temperatures. RCP 4.5 projects an increase in average daily temperature by 1% between 2025 and 2069 and 6.5% between 2070 and 2100, while under RCP 8.5, temperatures are expected to rise by 3.7% between 2025 and 2069 and 12.7% between 2070 and 2100. The Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) was used to translate these projected climatic anomalies into future drought prevalence. The results suggest that RCP 4.5 forecasts an 8% increase in drought prevalence, while RCP 8.5 projects an 11% increase in drought frequency, with a greater rise in moderate and severe droughts and a decrease in extreme drought occurrences.
Promoting or Inhibiting: New Insights into the Role of Formate in Syntrophic Propionate Metabolism
Authors: Li Yanlin , Cai Guanjing , Pan Xiaofang , Lv Nan , Feng Lin , Zhu Gefu , Lv Zunjing , Ye Zhilong
Published: December 2024

Anaerobic digestion is a critical technology for pollution control, resource capacity enhancement, and sludge management, necessitating improvements in its efficiency. Formate serves as an electron carrier in syntrophic oxidation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) during anaerobic digestion. The accumulation of formate can exert an inhibitory effect on the anaerobic digestion process. However, the stress concentration and the mechanism of the formate are not as simple as theoretical calculations based on thermodynamics. Thus, we investigated the response to different concentrations of formate in the syntrophic oxidation of propionate. The anaerobic sludge system and syntrophic co-culture system were applied. The propionate showed more stable degradation when formate dosage ranged from 5 to 10 mM. However, when the formate dosage reached 50 mM, the concentration of propionate was significantly higher than that of CK group, and the propionate metabolism was significantly inhibited. The reduction in functional flora and homogeneous metabolic pathways were found to be unfavorable for the stable progression of syntrophic propionate metabolism. Thus, the enhancement of homoacetogenesis can be a strategy adopted by the sludge system to alleviate formate stress. The methylmalonyl-CoA (MMC) pathway was inhibited under formate stress; the downregulation of RNA transcription of formate dehydrogenase (FDH) and hydrogenase (Hyd) related to MMC pathway may be the main reason for the inhibition of syntrophic propionate oxidation. The anaerobic sludge experiment and the co-culture experiment elucidated the mechanism of action of formate from both macroscopic rules and microscopic molecular mechanisms, respectively.
The world-wide invader Deltamysis holmquistae expanded to the East Atlantic and Diamysis lagunaris to the North Sea (Crustacea, Mysida)
Authors: Wittmann Karl J. , van Haaren Ton , Vlierboom Rianna
Published: December 2024

In October 2023 and April 2024, ecological monitoring was undertaken in brackish waters of the North Sea Canal, a major shipping route linking the Port of Amsterdam to the North Sea. Amongst the macrobenthic samples, four endemic and three non-native mysid species were recorded, two of the latter for the first time in this locality. This concerns the now globally distributed Deltamysis holmquistae, and the Mediterranean Diamysis lagunaris. Based on the spatial context, these specimens are highly likely to have been introduced through human-mediated transport, with shipping providing the most obvious entry path into the North Sea Canal. Both species were found in fully artificial and in restored near-natural habitats, highlighting their versatility as invasive species. Pictorial descriptions and complete keys for both species are included in order to facilitate future assessments of potential range expansions.
Patient experiences with person-centred and integrated chronic care, focussing on patients with low socioeconomic status: a qualitative study
Authors: van Bommel Hester , Raaijmakers Lena H.A. , van den Muijsenbergh Maria , Schermer Tjard , Burgers Jako S. , van Loenen Tessa , Bischoff Erik
Published: December 2024

Background: effectiveness of single disease management programs (DMP) in general practice may be limited for patients with low socioeconomic status (SES), as DMPs insufficiently take into account the specific problems and needs of this population. A Person-Centred Integrated Care (PC-IC) approach focusing on patient’s needs could address these problems. Aim: to explore experiences of patients with (multiple) chronic diseases with regard to the acceptability of a general practice-based PC-IC approach, with a focus on patients with low SES, and to establish which modifications are needed to tailor the approach to this group. Design and setting: in 2021, a 6 month feasibility study in seven general practices in the Netherlands was carried out. The healthcare professionals provided care based on a PC-IC approach to patients with diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases and/or cardiovascular disorders. Method: a qualitative study using focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and semi-structured telephone interviews in a combined total of 46 patients with chronic diseases and multimorbidity, including 31 patients with low SES. Results: an overall positive experience of participants with the PC-IC approach was observed. Discussing their health made patients feel being taken more seriously, and provided the opportunity to discuss their life and health concerns. Recommended adaptations of the PC-IC approach for patients with low SES include creating comprehensible materials and offering communication training for healthcare professionals. Conclusion: the PC-IC approach seems helpful for chronic disease patients, provided that it is tailored to their skills and abilities. Several modifications for patients with low SES were suggested.
Polydatin-Mediated Inhibition of HSP90α Disrupts NLRP3 Complexes and Alleviates Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Yang Jiashu , Jiao Chenyang , Liu Nannan , Liu Wen , Wang Yueyao , Pan Ying , Kong Lingdong , Guo Wenjie , Xu Qiang
Published: December 2024

The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a critical role in various inflammatory conditions. However, despite extensive research in targeted drug development for NLRP3, including MCC950, clinical success remains elusive. Here, we discovered that the activated NLRP3 inflammasome complex (disc-NLRP3) and the activating mutation L351P exhibited resistance to MCC950. Through investigations using the small-molecule compound polydatin, HSP90α was found to stabilize both the resting (cage-NLRP3) and activated state (disc-NLRP3) of NLRP3 complexes, sustaining its activation. Our mechanistic studies revealed that polydatin specifically targets HSP90α, binding to it directly and subsequently interfering with the HSP90α-NLRP3 interaction. This disruption leads to the dissipation of cage-NLRP3, disc-NLRP3 complexes and NLRP3 L351P. Importantly, genetic and pharmacological inactivation of HSP90α effectively reduced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and alleviated cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. These therapeutic effects highlight the clinical potential of HSP90α inhibition. Our findings demonstrate that HSP90α is crucial for the stability of both the resting and activated states of the NLRP3 inflammasome during its sustained activation, and targeting HSP90α represents a promising therapeutic strategy for diseases driven by the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Microscopic Response Mechanism of Epsilon-Negative and Epsilon-Near-Zero Metacomposites
Authors: Zhou Yunlei , Wang Yanan , Qiu Shicheng , Zhao Wei , Wang Shaolei , Bao Hong , Qu Yunpeng , Wen Zhen
Published: December 2024

Metals have traditionally served as the primary functional phase in the development of metamaterials exhibiting epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) and epsilon-negative (EN) responses, albeit with persisting ambiguities regarding their response mechanisms. This paper presents the tunable ENZ (
ε
′ ~ 0) and EN (
ε
′ < 0) parameters at the 20-MHz to 1-GHz region based on Cu/CaCu
3
Ti
4
O
12
(Cu/CCTO) metacomposites. By means of first-principles calculations and multi-physics simulations, the underlying mechanisms governing ENZ and EN responses are unveiled. The intricate pathways through which metacomposites achieve 2 dielectric response mechanisms are delineated: At low Cu content, a weak EN response (|
ε
′| < 200) was excited by electric dipole resonance, accompanied by ENZ effect; conversely, at high Cu content, due to the increase in effective electron concentration, plasmonic oscillation behavior occurs in the constructed 3-dimensional Cu network, resulting in strong EN response (|
ε
′| ~ 1,000) in the radio frequency band. These phenomena are explicated through 2 distinct Cu/CCTO models: Cu in an isolated state and a connected network state. This study not only comprehensively elucidates the 2 EN response mechanisms achieved by typical metacomposites with metals as functional phases but also delves into their associated electromagnetic shielding and thermal properties, providing a theoretical basis for their practical applications.
In Situ Investigation of Charged Dust Particles Above the Lunar Surface at the Chang’E-5 Landing Site
Authors: Wang Yongjun , Li Detian , Kong Fenglian , Gu Zheng , Wang Yi , Yang Mengfei , Zhuang Jianhong , Li Cunhui , Zhang Haiyan , Zhao Chengxuan , Quan Xiaoping , Miao Yujun , Yan Zedong , Chen Liping , Liu Qing , Zhou Zhen
Published: December 2024

The mysterious “lunar horizon glow” observed in the 1960s and 1970s was the first space observation possibly related to electrostatic dust transport; however, are there really large amounts of electrostatically transported dust particles in the lunar near-surface space? This is largely an open question at present. Here, we first report the in situ investigation results for the charged dust particles obtained by the charged dust detector onboard China’s Chang’E-5 (CE-5) mission. The results show that, within the detector’s detection limit, there are almost no charged dust particles with charge–mass ratios greater than ~0.24 to ~1.96 C/kg and velocities less than ~0.56 to ~0.07 m/s as the scanning voltage decreases from 80 to 10 mV at the location of ~2 m above the CE-5 landing site as the solar elevation angle elevated from ~41.8° to ~45.0°, under the framework of the dynamic fountain model. Additionally, the upper limit for the amounts of dust deposited on the detector during the exploration period of ~12 h is ~8.0 × 10
−2
μg/cm
2
.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DE PROGRAMAS GOVERNAMENTAIS: FARMÁCIA POPULAR NO ATENDIMENTO ÀS POPULAÇÕES DE BAIXA RENDA
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Vitória , Guilherme Ferreira Marques Galvão José , Islene Holanda Moreira Carla , de Oliveira Nóbrega Rafaela
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A introdução destaca a relevância dos programas governamentais na saúde pública, com foco na Farmácia Popular como um exemplo emblemático. Aborda-se a origem e a evolução desses programas, bem como sua importância para garantir o acesso universal e equitativo aos medicamentos essenciais, especialmente para as populações de baixa renda. Objetivos: O objetivo central deste trabalho é analisar a importância dos programas governamentais, com ênfase na Farmácia Popular, no atendimento às populações de baixa renda. Busca-se compreender o impacto desses programas na promoção da saúde e na redução das desigualdades em saúde, bem como identificar desafios e oportunidades para sua expansão e aprimoramento. Aspectos Metodológicos: A metodologia utilizada envolve uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com análise de estudos e pesquisas que abordam o tema dos programas governamentais na saúde pública, com foco na Farmácia Popular. Serão considerados dados quantitativos e qualitativos, bem como análises comparativas entre diferentes contextos e experiências internacionais. Resultados: para que a Farmácia Popular continue promovendo a saúde pública e a equidade no Brasil, é necessário adotar uma abordagem integrada que combine o monitoramento rigoroso, o uso estratégico da tecnologia e a articulação intersetorial. Com isso, o programa pode não apenas atender às necessidades atuais da população, mas também antecipar e responder a desafios futuros, contribuindo para a construção de um sistema de saúde mais acessível e justo. Considerações Finais: Com um planejamento estratégico e uma execução comprometida, a Farmácia Popular tem o potencial de continuar sendo uma ferramenta de transformação social, promovendo a saúde pública e fortalecendo a cidadania das populações mais vulneráveis do país.

PALAVRAS CHAVE: Programas Governamentais, Farmácia Popular, Acesso A Medicamentos.
Conversational Analysis of Overlap in Jay Shetty Podcast
Authors: Jasmir Rini Afrilesa , Magria Vera
Published: December 2024

This research examines the phenomenon of overlap in conversations featured on the Jay Shetty Podcast. The study aims to analyze the types of overlaps and their impacts on communication quality, using Sacks, Schegloff, and Jefferson’s (1979) theory of turn-taking. The descriptive qualitative method was employed to investigate three selected podcast episodes, with data collected through non-participant observation. The results indicate that overlaps often occur during moments of high engagement and simultaneous turn-taking. While some overlaps enhance the flow of interaction, others disrupt conversational quality when Transition Relevance Place (TRP) rules are violated. These findings offer valuable insights for improving communication strategies in podcast settings.
OS IMPACTOS DO USO DA IA NA PESQUISA JURÍDICA
Authors: Lima Fernanda Viana , Gouveia Homero Chiaraba
Published: December 2024

Este artigo examina os impactos da inteligência artificial (IA) na pesquisa jurídica no Brasil, utilizando a teoria das externalidades da economia para analisar os efeitos positivos e negativos. A pesquisa jurídica tradicional no Brasil é majoritariamente baseada em revisão de literatura e análise jurisprudencial, com pouca utilização de métodos empíricos. O conceito de normas de Merton é utilizado para identificar as externalidades positivas, que são aquelas que potencializam as práticas e valores da comunidade jurídica, e as negativas, que prejudicam essas práticas. Os impactos positivos da IA incluem a aceleração e ampliação do acesso a informações jurídicas, melhorando a eficiência e a precisão na pesquisa. No entanto, existem preocupações com as externalidades negativas, como a possível diminuição da capacidade crítica dos pesquisadores e o risco de dependência excessiva de sistemas automatizados, que podem perpetuar vieses existentes e limitar a criatividade na resolução de problemas jurídicos.
EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR NA ERA DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL
Authors: Pimentel Gabriela Sousa Rêgo , Lima Adriana Dos Santos Marmori , Jesus Maria Gorete Sacramento de
Published: December 2024

O trabalho tem o objetivo de refletir sobre as possibilidades do uso da Inteligência Artificial (IA) nos trabalhos acadêmicos, destacando seus distintos modos de gerar novos conhecimentos e suas implicações no contexto contemporâneo. Contribui para reflexões sobre os desafios educacionais e as complexidades que abrangem a sociedade atual, com enfoque para o papel do docente, avanços tecnológicos e a IA. Pesquisa em andamento, com abordagem qualitativa, fundamentado na pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental. A crescente relevância das tecnologias digitais e o uso da IA na sociedade são reconhecidos e reverberam no campo educacional. Importante incorporá-las ao cotidiano de forma responsável, criativa e ética, com observância às implicações no ecossistema educacional e na sociedade. Com uma variedade crescente de ferramentas de IA à disposição, os pesquisadores agora têm a capacidade de aprimorar, expandir e até revolucionar seus métodos de escrita e pesquisa. Espera-se que as reflexões contribuam para ampliar a perspectiva dos pesquisadores em relação ao uso da IA para os trabalhos acadêmicos. Assim, os resultados apontam que é necessário estimular diálogos sobre o assunto e apresentar ações que poderão ser desenvolvidas para fomentar a participação interativa entre o docente e o aluno com o uso da IA.
CÍRCULO DE SENTENÇA, DIREITO À EDUCAÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES COM DEFICIÊNCIA E POLÍTICA PÚBLICA DO ENSINO INCLUSIVO
Authors: Mendonça Sandra Magali Brito Silva , Siqueira Mayara De Carvalho
Published: December 2024

Trata-se de estudo de caso de um “Círculo de Sentença” realizado em Ação Civil Pública impetrada na Vara da Infância de Ilhéus por conduto da Defensoria Pública do Estado da Bahia para implementação do ensino inclusivo pela rede pública municipal. O presente artigo visa proceder uma breve análise acerca do desafio enfrentado pelo julgador nas decisões que impliquem em políticas públicas, especialmente quando os destinatários são crianças e adolescentes com deficiência, decorrendo a importância da construção coletiva desses planos. Além disso, traz a discussão da viabilidade da justiça restaurativa como um modelo de intervenção para uma decisão judicial que agregue o saber coletivo. A abordagem é qualitativa com análise de dados primários por meio de observação participante da experiência inovadora do Círculo de Sentença, realizado pela primeira vez no Brasil, quiça no mundo, num processo de ação civil pública, resultando na implementação de uma verdadeira política pública municipal de inclusão de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência, pensada e estruturada de forma dialogada, multidisciplinar e plurissetorial.
ANÁLISE DO IMPACTO DOS PROGRAMAS DE INCENTIVOS FISCAIS NA GERAÇÃO DE EMPREGOS NA INDÚSTRIA E NA RENÚNCIA DE RECEITA DO ESTADO DA BAHIA NO PERÍODO DE 1999 A 2021
Authors: Pacheco Hogla De Alencar , Portella André Alves
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o impacto da concessão incentivos fiscais e/ou financeiros no campo do ICMS, no âmbito de programas de atração de investimentos do Estado da Bahia, no período de 1999 a 2021, sobre a geração de empregos nas indústrias neste mesmo território. A Bahia utilizou incentivos fiscais para atrair novas indústrias e ampliar ou modernizar as já existentes, exigindo em contrapartida a geração de empregos, em números que variam de acordo com o investimento financeiro e o porte do projeto industrial projetado pela empresa proponente. Estes benefícios fiscais e financeiros em matéria de ICMS foram concedidos no contexto da guerra fiscal, onde Estados e Distrito Federal, no afã de ampliar e/ou modernizar suas economias, passaram a fazê-lo em meio a uma discutível constitucionalidade, tendo em vista que tais concessões submetem-se à exigência de comprovação de fomento ao desenvolvimento regional e de geração de emprego e renda. Desde os anos 1950, a instalação de indústrias dentro do território baiano sempre ocorreu preponderantemente em função da entrada de capital oriundo de fora do Estado. A partir dos anos 1990, quando a União deixou de promover o desenvolvimento das regiões mais pobres do Brasil, os Estados e o Distrito Federal passaram a se utilizar dos incentivos fiscais e financeiros para atrair investimentos e, assim, promover o próprio desenvolvimento. É neste contexto que se insere o presente estudo, voltado à análise da relação entre renúncia de receita para atração de investimentos e incremento da geração de emprego, considerando-se ademais a atuação do Governo do Estado no acompanhamento do índices de empregos gerados
HUMAN RESOURCE PREDICTORS OF SERVICE QUALITY IN UGANDA’S PUBLIC SECTOR: A FOCUS ON THE DIRECTORATE OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
Authors: Arthur Ahimbisibwe  , Nakkonde Immaculate Prima
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the human resource predictors of service quality within Uganda's public sector, specifically at the Directorate of Industrial Training (DIT). The primary objective of the research was to assess the influence of human resource factors—namely employee engagement, goal-setting processes, and organizational citizenship behavior—on service quality at the DIT. The study was guided by Latham and Locke’s Goal Setting Theory and the SERVQUAL Model, providing a framework for understanding how these human resource practices impact service delivery. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was employed, and a stratified random sampling technique was used to select participants. Out of 384 questionnaires distributed, 351 were returned, yielding a response rate of 91%. The sample included 226 female and 125 male respondents. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using Pearson’s rank correlation and descriptive statistics. Multiple regression analysis was applied to assess the relationships between the independent variables (employee engagement, goal-setting, and citizenship behavior) and the dependent variable (service quality). The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between the human resource predictors and service quality at the Directorate. The study concludes that enhancing employee engagement, aligning goal-setting processes, and fostering organizational citizenship behavior are critical for improving service quality in the public sector, particularly at the Directorate of Industrial Training. These results underscore the importance of strategic human resource management in fostering high-quality service delivery.
KEY WORDS: Human Resource, predictors, Service Quality, Uganda, Public Sector
Risk Management Design and Analysis on Agile Development Project using ISO 31000 Integrated with ISO 27005: A Case Study of SiREV Application
Authors: Sinulingga Redry Maynard Ananda , Raharjo Teguh , Trisnawaty Ni Wayan
Published: December 2024

Implementing e-government in Indonesia, one example of technology adoption in the government sector is the digitalization of business processes within government agencies. SiREV application is an information system used by auditor XYZ Agency in carrying out business processes in the field of supervision. In developing this application, the agile method was chosen to accommodate several reasons starting from requirements that could not be determined at the beginning of the work implementation and changes to the application in the future that needed to be made to adapt to needs. Several obstacles are encountered in its implementation which are the familiarity of using agile methods and the security of the information while developing it. To conduct this research, we use ISO 31000:2018 and ISO 27005:2018 framework to assess the risks. This study aims to assess risk in agile project with ISO 31000 and ISO 27005 so that XYZ Agency has a design of risk management related to agile implementation in project development and information security. The results of this research showed that 24 risks were identified, consisting of 11 risks related to agile implementation and 13 risks related to information security. After doing risk evaluation from these 24 risks, 13 risks need to be handled because they are outside the organization's risk appetite, while the other 11 risks do not need to be handled because they are within the organization's risk appetite
After Foreign Body Ingestion: Waiting is not Always Disastrous
Authors: Jotham Seth , Morro Rahabu , Karuhanga Theresia , Ndalo Annastazia
Published: December 2024

Background: Foreign bodies are objects with both organic and inorganic nature which originate from outside the human body. Due to ingestion, the gastrointestinal tract has become more prone mostly affecting paediatrics as compared to the adult population. Children with gastro-intestinal abnormalities including stenotic lesions and a history of Tracheoesophageal fistula are at increased risk of both occurrence and complications. The type, size, chemical properties of the object and the site of lodgment; all determine the clinical presentations. A history surrounding the circumstances, clinical presentations and radiological investigations are the pillars for diagnosis formulation. Besides the expectant and minimally invasive treatments, invasive modalities can also be employed especially in the presence of complications.  Case presentation: A 3-year-old boy was brought to our hospital with a history of retching, hyper-salivation and inability to tolerate oral feeding as preceded by circumstances pointing towards gastrointestinal foreign body ingestion. An X-ray was suggestive of a gastrointestinal circular radio-opaque foreign body more likely at the level of duodenum in keeping with the coin. As he had no mechanical obstructive features, expectant management was done of which four days later he had a simultaneous passage of a 200 Tanzanian shilling’s coin on defecation. Conclusion: Early diagnosis, determining the surrounding circumstances and type of the foreign body ingested are the cornerstones for management modalities and outcomes. Both minimal and invasive approaches can be used, but the power of watchful waiting should not be underestimated as it can well be guided by the nature of the objects and the patient’s clinical presentations
Transparency of Criminal Proceedings: Balance of Public and Private Interests
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Moscow, Russian Federation, Markovicheva Elena V. , Ryabinina Tatyana K. ,   South-West State University, Kursk, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In Russian criminal proceedings, the transparency of the trial is fixed at the level of one of the conditions. However, at its core, it represents a constitutional principle reflected in the norms of criminal procedure law. Limitation of the operation of such a principle cannot be arbitrary and is permitted only in order to ensure private and public interests protected by law. This article is devoted to the analysis of the operation of the principle of publicity in Russian criminal proceedings. The study of existing regulatory approaches to limiting the openness of criminal proceedings can become a starting point for scientific discussion on this issue and for the formulation of proposals for changing legislation.
Theoretical Basis. Methods. The theoretical basis of the study was scientific work in the field of organization of judicial activities, criminal procedural law, devoted to the issue of taking into account public and private interests while ensuring the transparency of criminal proceedings. Using the formal legal method of research, the features of the normative regulation of publicity when courts consider criminal cases were identified. The use of the comparative legal research method made it possible to identify variable approaches to ensuring a balance of private and public interests while ensuring the transparency of the trial.
Results. The article reveals the main approaches in Russian criminal proceedings to ensuring the court balances private and public interests when deciding whether to conduct a closed trial. Regulatory approaches to openness of justice in criminal cases are analyzed, and a number of problematic issues are proposed for further productive scientific discussion.
Discussion and Сonclusion. Ensuring the balance of public and private interests by the court should not lead to unreasonable restrictions on the constitutional principles of justice and is permissible only if there are appropriate legal and factual grounds to the minimum required extent. The authors believe that scientific development of issues of ensuring the rights of participants in the process while limiting the publicity of criminal proceedings is necessary.
Categories “Concept of Law” and “Idea of Law” in German Neo-Kantianism
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Moscow, Russian Federation, Belova Marina A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In the 60s of the 19th century, a philosophical movement arose in Germany, developing the teachings of I. Kant in the spirit of consistently implementing the basic principles of his transcendental-critical methodology. The study pays attention to two established schools of neo-kantianism: the Marburg school and the Baden school. The problem of the development of the categories “concept of law” and “idea of law” in the works of followers of Kantian philosophy of law is considered.
Theoretical Basis. Methods. The theoretical basis was formed by the scientific works of representatives of the Marburg and the Baden schools of neo-kantianism, as well as foreign scientists who studied the features of the philosophical currents of neo-kantianism. The research is based on the use of the general philosophical dialectical-materialistic method of cognition. This article uses general scientific methods (historical, logical), specific scientific methods (historical and legal, comparative research method).
Results. The difference between “concept” and “idea” in the philosophical system of I. Kant is considered. The reasons for Kant’s rejection of the “idea of law” are explored. Specific features and peculiarities of the development of the categories “concept of law” and “idea of law” in the teachings developed by representatives of the Marburg and Baden schools of neo-kantianism have been identified.
Discussion and Conclusion. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that representatives of the Baden school of neo-kantianism seek to emphasize the significance of the transcendental turn in philosophy for determining the cultural reality that is law. For southwestern neo-kantianism, the concept of value becomes central. In the Marburg school of neo-kantianism, Kant’s teaching was corrected and the independent development of a system of “critical realism” was undertaken. Unlike the Baden school, the concept of value did not play a significant role; the concept of ideas acquired significant influence. R. Stammler defines the idea of law as the “guiding star” of law. G. Radbruch emphasized the role of the idea of law as an essential component for the theoretical-legal concept of law. And A. Kaufman limited the “idea of law” only to the practical search for the justice of law, breaking the connection between the theory of law and legal ethics established by G. Radbruch through the concept of “idea of law”.
Reference Intervals for Echocardiography Parameters of Children Living in the Arkhangelsk Region and a Digital Application for Their Assessment
Authors:   Northern State Medical University, Karyakin Aleksey A. , Grjibovski Andrey M. , Chub Igor’ S. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Karyakina Ol’ga E. , Zakharchenko Ul’yana R. , Artemov Aleksey V. ,   Vyzhletsov Arkhangelsk Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital
Published: December 2024

Objective interpretation of echocardiography results in the paediatric population is an urgent issue due to the difficulties in identifying the correct cardiovascular allometric relationship. A wide use of existing echocardiographic nomograms in paediatric cardiology is problematic due to the lack of clear data on the subjects’ regional affiliation, the volume of samples analysed, and the insufficient number of Russian studies in this sphere. The purpose of the study was to develop reference intervals for echocardiography parameters of children living in the Arkhangelsk Region and to automate the process of interpretation of the results by creating a digital application. Materials and methods. We analysed 3811 echocardiography protocols of children living in the Arkhangelsk Region aged from 1 to 15 years with no signs of organic pathology of the cardiovascular system or heart rhythm disorders. Results. Using echocardiography data, we developed reference intervals for morphometric parameters of the heart for children aged 1 to 15 years living in the Arkhangelsk Region. The research applied the Z-score approach based on the empirical determination of the degree of abnormalities by the standard deviation from normal values obtained during the examination of a large population of healthy individuals. Reference intervals of echocardiography parameters were determined using body surface area as the dependent variable. The values were automatically calculated in our digital application that allows one to increase the accuracy and efficiency of interpretation of cardiac ultrasound parameters. The results of studying the differences between the reference values in Russian and foreign studies and the obtained regional norms indicate that the hearts of children living in the Arkhangelsk Region are statistically significantly smaller in size. The practical use of the digital application created by us in functional diagnostics will allow doctors to objectivize the measurements of morphometric parameters of the heart and reduce overdiagnosis.
Experimental study of the EMF of the Soderbergh electrolyzer using an information monitoring system
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Mining University Empress Catherine II, Boronko E. A. , Ilyushin Yu. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University Empress Catherine II, Ilyushina A. N. ,   Saint Petersburg Technical College of Management and Commerce, Belyaevsky O. A. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Pyatigorsk Institute (branch), Martirosyan K. V.
Published: December 2024

An information system for monitoring the electromagnetic field of the electrochemical electrolysis process has been developed, the main element of which is a spatially distributed sensor. This system makes it possible to identify the characteristics of the electromagnetic field at several points in space. Also, such a system can be used to support decision-making when developing a control action. An electrical circuit of a spatially distributed electromagnetic field sensor has been developed, theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out; the analysis of the results of the study was carried out.
Increasing the efficiency of an industrial enterprise
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Mining University of Empress Catherine II, Vishnyakova M. A. , Martirosyan A. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University of Empress Catherine II, Ilyushin Yu. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University of Empress Catherine II, Napalkin N. Yu. ,   Pyatigorsk Institute (branch), North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: December 2024

The active development of technologies requires new approaches in planning the activities of enterprises. To identify «weak points» in the company, it is recommended to use methods of system analysis. They allow you to assess the current state of the enterprise, predict the future, and identify mistakes in the past. In the presented article, recommendations have been developed to improve the efficiency of an industrial enterprise for the production of concrete. The conclusions were drawn using a simulation model of a queuing system and a computational experiment. The formed tips will help the company avoid the risks of overworking employees, as well as distribute the load on the equipment.
The ways to solve digital problems transformations in certain sectors of the economy at the present stage
Authors:   State Institute of Economics, Finance, Law and Technology, Chaplinskaya P. Yu. , Karpichev E. V. ,   State Institute of Economics, Finance, Law and Technology, Alekseev G. V. ,   State Institute of Economics, Finance, Law and Technology
Published: December 2024

The article describes a method for assessing the current state of development of information and communication technologies in Russia and their impact on the formation of a national technological priority. The study is based on the analysis of statistical data provided in the materials of Rosstat for the period 2016-2022. As the main parameters of the study of the development of creative potential, primarily of employees of the scientific community, the following target functions were selected: Y1 – the number of publications in highly rated journals (indexed in the Scopus database) and Y2 – the number of applications submitted to protect intellectual property rights for created technical solutions. The following parameters were chosen as variable parameters determining the values of target functions: X1 – investments in fixed assets, billion rubles; X2 – the average number of employees, thousand people; X3 – the level of innovative activity of organizations, %; X4 –research and development costs in ICT sector organizations, million rubles. In the course of the work, modern application software packages were used, with the help of which correlations and regression dependencies between the studied parameters were discovered and their graphical interpretation was presented for a meaningful analysis of the processes taking place in the field of research. Based on the results of the analysis, the authors identified an urgent need to reform the investment system in the development of information and communication technologies, which, during the practice of its use in 2016-2022, despite the steady growth of publications in highly rated journals, gradually reduced the number of applications for intellectual property objects from year to year, which led to a slowdown in the processes of becoming a national technological priority.
Prospects for yeast using in secondary dairy raw materials processing
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Nersesyan T. V. , Kulikova I. K. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Lodygin A. D. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: December 2024

The relevance of different types of yeasts application for synthesis of various types of commercially available products is substantiated. Directions of secondary dairy raw materials processing based on lactose biotransformation is analyzed. The possibility of using yeast, which is not capable of hydrolyzing lactose, for the purpose of recycling secondary milk raw materials has been shown.
O Mercado de biofármacos no Brasil e no mundo
Authors: Vargas Marco Antonio
Published: December 2024

Este texto integra o projeto Precificação de Tecnologias e Avaliação de Políticas de Desenvolvimento do Complexo Industrial da Saúde e tem como principal objetivo a análise da dinâmica produtiva, competitiva e de inovação no mercado biofarmacêutico em âmbito global e nacional.
La fabrique de l’anglais
Authors: Mairey Aude
Published: December 2024

Alors que l’Angleterre de la fin du Moyen Âge est secouée par des transformations politiques et socio-culturelles majeures, une littérature en anglais, langue jusque-là peu prestigieuse dans le royaume par rapport au latin et au français, se développe à grands pas. Or, langue et littérature ne sont pas seulement des reflets des transformations de la société, elles les façonnent également.Cette étude d’un corpus de paratextes (prologues et épilogues) d’une trentaine d’œuvres composées entre 1350 et 1470 environ, de natures variées – politiques, poétiques, dévotionnelles, historiques, scientifiques… – cherche à mettre en lumière les modalités de la constitution d’une langue intellectuelle et politique dans différents champs littéraires, en étudiant notamment les rapports de ses producteurs et lecteurs aux pouvoirs (laïcs, ecclésiastiques et divins), aux savoirs, à l’individu et à leur propre identité. Pour ce faire, il est fait appel aussi bien aux méthodes d’analyses historique et littéraire « classiques » qu’aux outils de la textométrie.L’objectif est bien, par l’analyse croisée du lexique, des idées qui y sont exprimées et des relations qui se nouent entre l’auteur et son lectorat, de montrer comment ces œuvres, prises dans leur ensemble autant que dans leur diversité, participent à la construction d’une communauté de plus en plus anglaise, si ce n’est nationale, malgré des tensions de tous ordres.
La nuit comme effet spécial: ombre et obscurité dans la gravure anglaise de la période post-révolutionnaire
Authors: Murgia Camilla
Published: December 2024

La relation entre ombre et lumière joue un rôle de premier plan dans la gravure anglaise et, en particulier, entre la fin du XVIIIe et le début du XIXe siècle. Cette période voit des changements importants en Angleterre, autant sur le plan politique que culturel. Les guerres napoléoniennes, qui engendrent des dépenses considérables, côtoient l’intensification de la circulation des œuvres d’art et l’essor de nombreux divertissements qui impliquent une dimension visuelle et spectaculaire. La relation entre ombre et lumière, que la gravure questionne par des innovations techniques et la mise en abyme de l’obscurité, est un protagoniste de ces changements.
Helping Culturally Diverse Students
Authors: Xiao Hongying , Chan Tak Cheung
Published: December 2024

This chapter reports on a study to explore how a school in South China acts to help culturally diverse students learn. A mixed method of research design was employed to solicit needed data for the study. The school principal and the vice-principal were interviewed and twenty-six teachers in the school were surveyed with a researcher developed instrument. The qualitative data collected from interviews were analyzed by categorizing, coding and observing for emerging themes. The quantitative data generated from teacher surveys were analyzed by descriptive statistics of means, standard deviations and percentages. The findings of this study were in alignment with most of the current literature relating to educating culturally diverse students. The administrators and the teachers in the school endorsed the collaborative community approach to include all the stakeholders to help culturally diverse students. Additionally, they also favored developing goals to help culturally diverse students to merge into local society.
Global Cultural Homogenization in Education and Digital Social Networks
Authors: Akinlar Aylin , Küçüksüleymanoğlu Rüyam
Published: December 2024

Although social networking sites are becoming more involved in our daily life day by day, the actual impact of digital social networks on adoption is not fully understood because the phenomenon is too new to have been fully researched. Digitalization is advancing globally, and this includes the uses of the Internet and social media. Social Networking Sites (SNS) are widely used communication platforms worldwide because of easy access and unrestricted interactivity. There are risks and advantages of digital social networks. Unquestionably, digital social networks have revolutionized education by providing never-before-seen chances for international connectivity and information exchange. The maintenance of cultural diversity in education is challenged by the effect of these networks, which also leads to cultural uniformity. It is crucial to have a balanced strategy that respects both local and global viewpoints to handle these issues. By doing this, teachers may use the potential of digital social networks to give every student an inclusive, culturally diverse education.
Adaptive Control Algorithms for Shunt Active Power Filters in Aircraft Systems
Authors: Nishad Dinesh Kumar , Tiwari A. N. , Khalid Saifullah
Published: December 2024

Integrating power electronic converters and nonlinear loads in current aviation power systems has increased harmonic distortion, threatening power quality. Shunt active power filters (SAPFs) can reduce these harmonics by injecting compensatory currents to negate load harmonics. While simple, proportional-integral (PI) controllers have limits in transient response, steady-state performance, and resistance to dynamic load situations and system parameter fluctuations. Advanced adaptive control algorithms optimize performance in real time by dynamically adjusting parameters. This chapter discusses adaptive notch filters, self-tuning filters, fuzzy logic controllers, and dynamic programming controllers, including their principles, design, and implementation. These adaptive algorithms outperform standard harmonic mitigation and DC-link voltage regulation methods in simulation and experimentation. The findings suggest that adaptive control methods can improve SAPF efficiency and reliability in aircraft power systems, paving the door for hybrid and intelligent control research.
Transient Response and Load Sharing Improvement in Islanded Microgrid
Authors: Yadav Dharmendra Singh , Bansal Sunil , Singhal Sonu
Published: December 2024

The isolated microgrid's transient stability compromises with the characteristics of distributed generation (DGs). The droop control method is used for sharing power as per capacity without any information from microgrid sources. This chapter proposes a droop control method for the inverter and battery storage system to improve the microgrid frequency response under disturbances involving large frequency deviations. The designed microgrid contains a synchronous generator, a wind generator, inverters, and a storage system. MATLAB/Simulink software creates and simulates microgrids to test the proposed control strategy.
Optimal Selection of Machining Parameters for Minimization of Elementary Energy Consumption during Machining of 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Baishya Neeraj , Das Kaushik , Roy Karan , Ahmed Helemoon , Chakraborty Kalyan
Published: December 2024

The dry turning was done on 304 austenitic stainless steel using a carbide insert (Tungaloy, SNMG 12 04 04). Speed, feed, and depth of cut (DOC) were the machining parameters. The chip reduction coefficient (CRC) and elementary energy consumption were the output responses. Twenty-seven experiments were performed by following the L27 Taguchi design plan-decoupled TOPSIS method. The minimal elementary energy consumption was attained at moderate speed (44.28 m/min.), high feed (0.20 mm/rev.), and low DOC (0.66 mm). This result has been validated by the fuzzy inference system (FIS) simulation. The details of minimising elementary energy consumption have been explained by implementing Taguchi design plans, TOPSIS, chip macrographs, and FIS simulation studies. The very thin continuous chip (very low CRC) was found at optimal parameters, indicating minimal energy consumption during machining. The aim of the work is to find out the machining condition at which the elementary energy consumption during machining was minimum. The validation of the optimal solution by qualitative assessment and by the FIS simulation emphasizes the novelty of the work. The nature of the study is newer in kind with validation of results. The simulation result shows the increasing trend of closeness coefficient (CC) with increased feed at moderate speed and low depth of cut (DOC).
Exploring unusual cutaneous manifestations in Dowling–Degos disease: A rare case report
Authors: Iqbal Banyameen , Choudhary Nilanjana Dhar , Kambale Tushar , Sharma Anoushka
Published: December 2024

Dowling Degos Disease (DDD) is also referred to as post-pubertal reticulate hyperpigmentation or reticular pigmented anomaly of the flexures. It is an extremely uncommon disorder that typically manifests as reticulate hyperpigmentation of the flexures, comedo-like follicular papules, and pitted perioral scars. Dowling and Freudenthal published the first literary description of it in 1938, and Jones and Grice classified it clinically and histopathologically in 1978. It is an uncommon autosomal dominant genodermatosis, and it often manifests after puberty, more especially in adults. Mutations in the genes KRT5, POFUT1, POGLUT1, and most recently PSENEN are thought to be the primary cause of DDD.