bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mediation from the Penalogical Viewpoint
Authors: Hajaryan Mohammad Hossein , Golduzian Iraj , Hajarian Ehsan
Published: August 2019

Due to increasing population and heaviness of the judicial system's burden and high expense of referring to the courts for the people of society, the judicial system tries to settle disputes through traditional and low cost ways. Mediation is a body which has long history in settlement of disputes between persons but the use of mediation has advantages and disadvantages. As mediation cost is lower than cost of referring to court, the parties will prefer to use this body. Result of mediation creates liability for the criminal and although this liability has no predetermined legal punishment, it is criminal liability which is enacted by the nongovernmental persons under supervision of government for the status quo of the dispute. Punishment has had different function at different times. It sometimes had authoritarian function and was controlled by the states and sometimes had preventive-corrective function and aims to protect people against the offender's behavior. This article attempts to show purpose of the mediation result in societies. Key words:Mediation, Penal, Penology
Considering the Living Law as A Source in National Legal Development
Authors: Hamzani Achmad Irwan , Aravik Havis , Mukhidin Mukhidin , Praptono Eddy
Published: August 2019

The construction of national law is one of the projects that has not been completed to this day in the Indonesian law. Legal development should ideally pay attention to existing legal sources, especially laws that have become community culture. The results of this study show that legal development must be able to produce legal product reforms to replace the Dutch colonial legacy regulations that do not reflect the values and interests of the Indonesian people and encourage the growth of government and national development activities that originate from Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. Incorporating the living law in the development of national law is an accommodative policy so that the national law produced is truly a product that is able to protect and protect all heterogeneous components of the Indonesian nation with their different backgrounds and legal needs Keyword: The living law, the source of law, the development of national law, Islamic law
Prevention Model of Disguised Crime in Indonesian Banking Facing the Deviation Actions of The Credit Use/Side Streaming by Debtor; Theoretical Review On Risk Management Of Default Due To Side Streaming
Authors: Yani Mas Ahmad , Mustofa Muhammad
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to explore and conduct a systematical research through reading materials (researching by reading) on the possibility of prevention steps to prevent or reduce the Deviation Actions of the Credit Use (Side Streaming) by Debtor in the Problem of Banking Credit Facilities Utilization in Indonesia.  This paper is constructed by referring to one step of researching conducted by Ian Crow and Natasha Semmens in “Researching Criminology” (2006). It is stated that in researching by reading there are three approaches, they are (1) process of literature review; (2) process of reading and utilizing other people research findings; and (3) process of data analysis which is not used in researches, for example data taken from a writing in a newspaper or other mass media called content analysis. This research concludes that : side streaming as a form of WCC and criminogenic  with its fraudulent misrepresentation mode. Although the mode has been regulated in Law of Crime, the actions of side streaming has not been set up in banking crime actions in Indonesia. For the time being, side streaming occurs due to the availability of chances or opportunities and the possibility of using it to hide fraudulent misrepresentation actions. Keyword: side streaming, criminal banking, fraudulent misrepresentation, enterprise risk management, white collar crime, isolation, rational choice.
Reformulation of the Monitoring on Political Party Fund System; A Case of Indonesian Political Party System
Authors: Putra Muhammad Aljabar , Martua Hasibuan Rezky Panji Perdana , Rahmatullah Indra
Published: August 2019

Political party is an entry point to affirm the Democratical State. In order to realize the function, political party needs operational fund so that the state issued Government Regulation Number 1 of 2018 concerning Financial Aid to Political Party which raised financial assistance to political party from 108 rupiahs per valid vote to 1,000 rupiahs per valid vote. However, it became polemic because of increasing political party aid fund without supervision of the management and reporting of aid fund. As a result of the absence of supervision, there is corruption in political party because the supervision of management, reporting of political party fund and sanction have not been done optimally so that political party is not able to accommodate and realize the principles of Good and Clean Governance as mentioned in Law Number 2 Year 2011 concerning Political Party. The purpose of this research is to answer the polemic of increasing political party budget related to the system of monitoring political party fund comprehensively. The method used is juridical-normative with legislation and conceptual approach.Keywords: Political Party, Fund System and Pillar Democration.
Psychosocial risks related to the nurse in the psychiatric hospital and management strategies
Authors: Scozzafave Maria Carolina Santos , Leal Laura Andrian , Soares Mirelle Inácio , Henriques Silvia Helena
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the presence of psychosocial risks related to the work of the nurse in a psychiatric hospital and the strategies for managing these risks. Methods: Qualitative, in which 25 nurses from a psychiatric hospital participated using semi-structured interviews from November 2014 to January 2015. Data analysis was performed using the thematic method. Results: The results showed psychosocial risks related to the work of psychiatric nurses, such as: insufficient academic training; lack of preparation and maintenance of equipment; poor relationship with colleagues; shortage of human resources and lack of capacity building; conflict between the demands of the home and work, as well as strategies for managing psychosocial risks such as family, cinema, music, reading, among others. Final considerations: This study should provoke the reflection of managers and future nurses regarding the working conditions in a psychiatric hospital and possible psychosocial risks to which they are exposed.
Learning experiences in community health of nursing students
Authors: Falcón Gladys Carmela Santos , Alvarez Santa Dolores Torres , Caso Luz Elena Capcha , Arias Gladys Filomena García , Contreras María Virginia Infante , Erdmann Alacoque Lorenzini
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: Understand the learning experiences on health promotion and prevention of nursing interns during their community practice. Method: This is a descriptive-interpretative study, with a qualitative approach, obtaining data from 19 nursing interns from a public university in Lima-Perú, using 3 focus groups. Results: Three categories were structured: considering the importance of the nursing teacher in their training; experiencing complexity in training for the prevention and promotion of health in the community; and considering the preventive-promotional area as a future professional practice. Final Considerations: The students perceived the complexity of community practice in the prevention and promotion of health. They stated that teachers and students should know the context where they develop their practices and that teacher’s exercise leadership in the community. The inclination of some nursing interns for their future professional practice in this area was also evident.
Hypothermia post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation with low inputs: an experience report
Authors: Lazzarini Maria Thereza Bugalho , Bonjorno Junior José Carlos , Fernandes Márcio Pimentel , Sant´Anna Ana Lúcia Gargione Galvão de , Machado Regimar Carla
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the experience of conducting directed temperature control of a post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation patient, with reduced and basic inputs available at the institution. Method: an experience report of directed temperature control in patient (age 15 years), after four hours of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in an Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in São Paulo State countryside in 2016, according to the protocol suggested by the American Heart Association, in 2015. There were applications of cold compresses, plastic bags with crushed ice and rectal temperature control. Results: after eight hours, temperature had reached 93.2 ºF. Body cooling was maintained for 24 hours. However, bags with crushed ice were used in the first 6 hours. Conclusion: conduct of nurses to obtain the body cooling with reduced and basic inputs was effective during the stay at the Intensive Care Unit.
Perception of nurse managers about the functionally-readapted worker
Authors: Campos Gabriela Moreira , Martins Júlia Trevisan , Ribeiro Renata Perfeito , Robazzi Maria Lucia do Carmo Cruz , Galdino Maria José Quina , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the perception of nurse managers about the functionally-readapted worker. Methods: Descriptive study with qualitative approach, whose data were collected in from November 2016 to April 2017, through interviews with 14 nurse managers of a university hospital. The content analysis analysis was applied to interpret the speeches. Results: The reports converged into three categories, which revealed the impact on the management of the nursing staff, the management of the limitations of the readapted worker, and the regular follow-up planning for him. Final considerations: Nurse managers are clear that readapted workers need special attention, so that their potentialities mat be maximized, respecting the workers’ limitations. Readapted workers must be encouraged to resume their self-esteem, identity, autonomy, and feel socially included.
Functional capacity and social support to people affected by cerebrovascular accident
Authors: Lima Raquel Janyne de , Pimenta Cláudia Jeane Lopes , Frazão Maria Cristina Lins de Oliveira , Ferreira Gerlania Rodrigues Salviano , Costa Tatiana Ferreira da , Viana Lia Raquel de Carvalho , Martins Kaisy Pereira , Costa Kátia Neyla de Freitas Macedo
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the functional capacity and its relationship with the level of social support to people affected by cerebrovascular accident. Methods: Cross-sectional and quantitative research, conducted with 108 individuals with sequelae of cerebrovascular accident in João Pessoa/PB. Data were collected through interviews, using a sociodemographic instrument – the Barthel Index and the Social Support Scale. Results: We observed the prevalence of functional dependency in 93.5%, and the mild dependency stood out in 40.7%. Medium social support was the most found, with 48.2%. The predominant dimensions of social support were the material dimension, followed by the emotional. There was a significant association (p ≤ 0.05) between very serious dependency and high social support. Conclusion: The results found allow us to reflect on the need for involvement of health professionals in strengthening the social support of patients with disabling diseases, such as the cerebrovascular accident.
Suffering and defense in work in a mental health care service
Authors: Kolhs Marta , Olschowsky Agnes , Ferraz Lucimare
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the suffering and the strategies of defense of CAPS AD III workers, from the perspective of the Work Theater proposed by Dejours. Method: a descriptive qualitative research, of the case study type, with CAPS AD III workers, using as theoretical framework the Psychodynamics of Work. Results: CAPS AD III professionals identify that the suffering in the work arises from the frustration between the real and the prescribed one; by the hegemony of practices guided by the biomedical model; stigmatization and prejudice with users; and the limitations of the Health Care Network (Rede de Atenção à Saúde). As an individual defense strategy, the rationalization was defined, and as a collective strategy, the protection strategy. Final considerations: worker uses strategies of defenses to face suffering and give a new meaning to it, characterizing themselves as ways of apprehending, understanding and giving meaning and new looks to their work.
The daily routine of nurses in rural areas in the Family Health Strategy
Authors: Oliveira Arleusson Ricarte de , Sousa Yanna Gomes de , Diniz Ítalo Vinícius Albuquerque , Medeiros Soraya Maria de , Martiniano Cláudia , Alves Marília
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the daily work of rural Family Health Strategy (FHS) nurses. Method: a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research. The data were collected with eleven rural nurses of the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba State, through semi-structured interviews, between January and March of 2017, using Content Analysis. Results: rural nurses have a strong relationship with the population. However, they reveal a daily work with various organizational barriers that range from the team displacement to the workplace to the operationalization of health actions, which are mediated by the characteristics of rurality. Some of these barriers can be remedied by a more proactive action from the management. Final considerations: conditioned by the characteristics of rurality, the differentiated dynamics work reveal weaknesses in the quality of nursing care and lower effectiveness of the FHS.
Development of research on nursing diagnoses in Brazilian graduate programs
Authors: Hirano Gisele Saraiva Bispo , Lopes Camila Takáo , Barros Alba Lucia Bottura Leite de
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to characterize the development of research on nursing diagnoses in nursing graduate programs and verify the application of the results of these studies according to the perception of academic advisors. Methods: documental research on dissertations and theses available from the databases of Brazilian universities with graduate programs in nursing, and exploratory survey on the practical application of their results. Results: 216 dissertations and theses were analyzed. Most of them were descriptive studies, and the most widely used diagnostic taxonomy was NANDA International. Little practical use of the knowledge produced by the dissertations and theses was identified. Conclusion: Although there has been a considerable increase in research on nursing diagnoses, the survey stage revealed scarce practical application of their results, prompting the need for further studies in order to identify the barriers in the way of transposing theory to practice.
Degree in Nursing: education through problem-based learning
Authors: Santos Maria Zilma dos , Otani Márcia Aparecida Padovan , Tonhom Silvia Franco da Rocha , Marin Maria José Sanches
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe how undergraduate courses in Nursing are using the problem-based learning (PBL). Method: Integrative literature review, from searches in the databases Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (Lilacs), and PubMed, from 2010 to 2015. 36 articles were analyzed. Results: A teaching method used in all continents, the PBL enables improvement of the critical thinking, autonomy, motivation for learning, active search attitude, ability to work in teams, and problem-solving. Difficulties and challenges relate to the training of students and teachers to understand the principles of the method. Final considerations: The benefits of PBL coincide with the needs of nursing training, but its applicability demands constant review in seeking to develop the skills necessary for this training.
Evaluation of nurse’s performance in telemedicine
Authors: Souza Claudinalle Farias Queiroz de , Oliveira Dulcineide Gonçalo de , Santana Alef Diogo da Silva , Mulatinho Letícia Moura , Cardoso Mirian Domingos , Pereira Emanuela Batista Ferreira e , Aquino Jael Maria de
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: Describe the nurse’s role in the Telemedicine Program in Cardiology implanted in Pernambuco, Brazil. Methods: Qualitative study, with a target audience of nurses, performed between July and December 2016 at the Emergency Care Units. Data were collected through an online instrument, consisting of open and closed questions, performed with 19 professionals. The data were analyzed through the discourse of the collective subject by QuantiQualisoftware. Results: The sample consisted of 19 nurses, mostly female (80%), with a mean age of 30 years old. Two central ideas were constructed: nurses’ knowledge about the Telemedicine Program in Cardiology; and actions developed by nurses. Also, a flow of the program’s assistance was built. Final considerations: The nurse in Telecardiology performs functions of assistance and continuing education of monitoring and training for patients.
Photography in the planning of health interventions for the elderly
Authors: Calha António Geraldo Manso , Monteiro Francisco José Lourenço , Hilário Margarida Isabel Torcato
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze potentialities of the use of photo-elicitation technique as a tool of access to the real needs of the beneficiaries of the intervention of health professionals. For this purpose, the aspects of their quality of life that they considered more relevant were identified with an elderly group. Method: It is a qualitative investigation in which the discourse of the elderly on the changes to their quality of life is encouraged through the use of photographic images. Results: Based on the data obtained, it was possible to identify the aspects of quality of life considered more relevant by the elderly, allowing, therefore, to sustain a later intervention adjusted to the needs and expectations of the elderly. Final considerations: The use of photo-elicitation allowed verifying its potentialities as a strategy to collect significant and relevant information for the planning of interventions in the Health area.
Nursing approach to tobacco users in primary health care
Authors: Zampier Vanderleia Soéli de Barros , Silva Marcelo Henrique da , Machado Renata Evangelista Tavares , Jesus Rodolfo Ribeiro de , Jesus Maria Cristina Pinto de , Merighi Miriam Aparecida Barbosa
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the experience of nurses in the approach to tobacco users in primary health care services. Method: Qualitative, phenomenological research with 15 nurses who were interviewed between January and March 2017. Their speeches were analyzed and classified into categories. Results: the approach by nurses to tobacco users is performed in an individual and unsystematic manner and in operative groups in accordance with the principles of the cognitive-behavioral therapy. This is a complex approach due to issues related to users themselves and to human, material, and structural resources. The expectations of nurses include supporting smoking cessation and expanding the tobacco use prevention work in educational environments. Final considerations: this study points out that nurses need to use the nursing care systematization in coordination with the recommendations of policies aimed at tobacco use control to perform their role in the promotion, control, and reduction of health complications in tobacco users.
Feelings of pleasure of nurses working in primary care
Authors: Rocha Grizielle Sandrine de Araujo , Andrade Maria Sandra de , Silva Darine Marie Rodrigues da , Terra Marlene Gomes , Medeiros Sílvia Elizabeth Gomes de , Aquino Jael Maria de
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: identify the sources that generate feelings of pleasure at work in the perception of primary care nurses. Methods: this is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, developed with eleven nurses working in Primary Health Care Units. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, systematized and analyzed using Bardin’s content analysis technique and based on the theoretical framework of Psychodynamics of Work. Results: pleasure at work was related to the resolubility of the nurse’s work, interpersonal relationship with the team, therapeutic relationship with the community, positive professional return, identification with work in nursing and public health. Final considerations: The factors that generate feelings of pleasure may contribute to guide actions that value the optimization of the nurses’ work and, consequently, the care provided to the primary care user.
Health promotion by nursing technicians from the nurses’ perspective
Authors: Serradilha Antonia de Fátima Zanchetta , Duarte Marli Teresinha Cassamassimo , Tonete Vera Lucia Pamplona
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze education and practice of nursing technicians in health promotion, from the perspective of teaching nurses of technical course and Primary Health Care nurses. Method: an exploratory study with qualitative data analysis, carried out in the city of São Paulo, through semi-structured interviews with nine public technical professors and 16 nurses from the basic health network. Data thematic analysis was carried out. Results: three thematic categories have emerged: Conceptions and experiences on health promotion; Nursing technician’s practice in health promotion; and Nursing technician education on health promotion. Final considerations: it is necessary to review the centrality given to technicalism in the education and practice of nursing technicians, contemplating the health promotion and seeking the development of professional competence for the construction of transformative practices aimed at valuing the autonomy and proactivity of the people in health and quality of life production.
Humor intervention in the nurse-patient interaction
Authors: Sousa Luis Manuel Mota , Marques-Vieira Cristina Maria Alves , Antunes Ana Vanessa , Frade Maria de Fátima Graça , Severino Sandy Pedro Silva , Valentim Olga Sousa
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the factors influencing the use of humor in nursing care, its applicability and benefits. Method: A scoping review was performed using the Arksey and O’Mally methodology. A search for articles published between 2008 and 2018 was performed using the platforms EBSCO Host, Virtual Health Library and Google Scholar. Results: From the initial 465 articles found, 17 were included for final revision. Data allowed to retrieve information on humor definition; its applicability as a nursing intervention; humor as a tool to improve nurse-patient communication and relationship; influence factors; type of humor interventions; humor benefits in health care context and; limitations and precautions of humor intervention. Conclusion: The use of humor promotes both communication and human interaction; it promotes well-being; helps deal/cope with difficult and unpleasant situations, reduces tension, discomfort and stress; and strengthens the immune system. This intervention should be used with caution.
Professional education on dementias in Primary Health Care: an integrative review
Authors: Costa Gislaine Desani da , Spineli Vívian Marina Calixto Damasceno , Oliveira Maria Amélia de Campos
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the most commonly used educational approaches in dementia training for primary health care professionals. Method: Integrative literature review, conducted between April and June of 2018, in PubMed, LILACS and IBECS databases. The descriptors used were: Training, Health Personnel, Dementia, Primary Health Care for PubMed; and the MeSH terms, Training Programs, Health Personnel, Dementia, and Primary Health Care for LILACS and IBECS. Results: The sample consisted of 13 articles; eight were published in the last five years (62%); seven articles with a quantitative approach (54%); seven articles produced on the European continent (54%), followed by five published on the North American continent (38%). All journals were from the health area (100%). Conclusion: Educational strategies were combined and used for education. Significant improvements in knowledge, skills, and attitudes of the teams with regard to professional management of dementias were evidenced.
Virtual learning object in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for autoimmune diseases
Authors: Zombrilli Andreia Ferreira , Leopoldo Vanessa Cristina , Oliveira Maria Carolina , Oliveira Marília de Fátima Cirioli de , Dolci Mariana Ehmke , Braga Fernanda Titareli Merizio Martins , Silveira Renata Cristina de Campos Pereira
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: describe the development of a virtual learning object to provide information about autologous transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells to autoimmune diseases. Methods: methodological study of a website development, using the instructional design model that includes Analysis, Design, Development and Implementation. Results: the virtual object, available at http://www.transplantardai.com.br, was developed in a web platform, in the Hypertext Markup Language, using the software WebAcappella - Responsive Website Creator (Intuisphere, France 2016). The content was structured in the modules: History, Transplant, Autoimmune Diseases, Links, Guidelines, Speech Team and Doubts. The icons and menus were created in order to attract the user, facilitating the search for information and allowing maximum use of the resources available on the website. Conclusion: the methodology used allowed the development of the virtual learning object, which can be used as a tool to guide and disseminate knowledge about this treatment.
Institutional strategies to prevent violence in nursing work: an integrative review
Authors: Pereira Cícera Adriana Rodrigues , Borgato Maria Helena , Colichi Rosana Maria Barreto , Bocchi Silvia Cristina Mangini
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the production of research that adopted as object of investigation: institutional strategies, actions and programs to curb and/or prevent the nursing workplace violence. Method: Integrative review of 14 articles in full, available in the databases LILACS, PubMed Central, Scopus, CINAHL and Web of Science. Results: Of the articles analyzed, most arise from quantitative research (71%), carried out in the United States (65%), with educational actions (57%) and programs (43%), denoting policies. Conclusion: Results showed various ways to curb or prevent nursing workplace violence. These are specific strategies, there are few programs deployed worldwide, usually centered in the United States, Canada and Sweden. Most of them is well evaluated and can serve as a model for the development and dissemination of policies according to the needs of each location.
Sociodemographic and health situation of teenage students according to sex
Authors: Mota Rosana Santos , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , Oliveira Jeane Freitas de , Campos Luana Moura , Araújo Gleide Santos de , Gusmão Maria Enoy Neves , Carneiro Jordana Brock
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the association between sex (male and female) and sociodemographic, reproductive and sexual variables in teenagers and identify the highest rates of social and health issues among them. Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 239 adolescents enrolled in a public school of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, whose data were produced by applying a structured form processed in Stata. Results: The research indicated an association between females and higher education level (p = 0.02), living with both parents (p = 0.02) and a higher rate of mental, social and behavioral issues. Being a man was associated with sexual initiation (p = 0.00), which occurred before they turned 14 years old (p = 0.05). Conclusion: The study variables behave, depending on sex, with smaller or greater chances of experiencing harmful situations, this understanding being essential for subsidizing educational activities that promote the quality of life of teenagers.
Mobile application for the teaching of the International Classification for Nursing Practice
Authors: Mota Nikaelly Pinheiro , Vieira Claudenisa Mara de Araújo , Nascimento Maria Naiane Rolim , Bezerra Adriana Moraes , Quirino Glauberto da Silva , Félix Nuno Damácio de Carvalho
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: Developing a mobile application for the teaching of the International Classification for Nursing Practice. Methods: Methodological applied research for technological production, performed in three phases of the contextualized instructional design model: analysis, design and development. Results: The application has an initial screen, which provides information about the team and its purpose. Then, four moblets are listed, including presentation, user’s guide consisting of five modules, educational games and five clinical cases. The references on which the application was based are also presented. Final considerations: It was possible to develop an application with the potential to promote the knowledge of nursing students and professionals about this classification system.
Snapping scapula syndrome: pictorial essay
Authors: Carvalho Stefane Cajango de , Castro Adham do Amaral e , Rodrigues João Carlos , Cerqueira Wagner Santana , Santos Durval do Carmo Barros , Rosemberg Laercio Alberto
Published: August 2019

Abstract Snapping scapula syndrome manifests as an audible or palpable crackling during the sliding movements of the scapula over the rib cage, often perceived during physical or professional activities. It can be caused by morphological alteration of the scapula and rib cage, by an imbalance in periscapular musculature forces (dyskinesia), or by neoplasia (bone tumors or soft tissue tumors). In this pictorial essay, we review the main causes of snapping scapula syndrome, exemplified by a collection of didactic cases.
Excesso de peso em crianças indígenas Xukuru do Ororubá, Pernambuco, Brasil: magnitude e fatores associados
Authors: Fávaro Thatiana Regina , Ferreira Aline Alves , Cunha Geraldo Marcelo da , Coimbra Jr. Carlos E. A.
Published: August 2019

Resumo: Os poucos estudos que abordam o tema de saúde e nutrição em indígenas da macrorregião Nordeste do Brasil sinalizaram situações diferenciadas em alguns aspectos, quando comparados principalmente à realidade de indígenas do Norte e Centro-oeste. Este trabalho objetivou estimar a magnitude das prevalências e risco de sobrepeso e excesso de peso em crianças menores de dez anos da etnia Xukuru do Ororubá, Estado de Pernambuco, e avaliar os fatores socioeconômicos e demográficos potencialmente associados a estes agravos. Estudo transversal, no qual realizou-se uma análise da associação entre as variáveis de desfecho, peso adequado, excesso de peso (sobrepeso e obesidade) e risco de sobrepeso, de acordo com os índices e pontos de corte da Organização Mundial da Saúde para crianças e as variáveis explicativas, utilizando-se regressão logística multinomial. A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 7,7% e de risco de sobrepeso de 24,2%. As chances de risco de sobrepeso e de excesso de peso são maiores em crianças < 2 anos, e filhos de mães obesas apresentam maior chance de excesso de peso. A prevalência de risco de sobrepeso foi 97% maior quando comparada com os domicílios sem renda fixa. Os achados sugerem que os Xukuru estão atravessando um acelerado processo de transição nutricional, com uma situação paradoxal a que outros povos indígenas no Brasil estão expostos.
Saneamento básico e desigualdades de cor/raça em domicílios urbanos com a presença de crianças menores de 5 anos, com foco na população indígena
Authors: Raupp Ludimila , Cunha Geraldo Marcelo , Fávaro Thatiana Regina , Santos Ricardo Ventura
Published: August 2019

Resumo: Objetivou-se analisar a presença dos serviços de saneamento básico em domicílios com crianças de até cinco anos de idade, localizados em áreas urbanas do Brasil, com foco nos indígenas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com base na amostra do Censo Demográfico de 2010. Calcularam-se as frequências de domicílios com abastecimento de água (rede geral), esgotamento sanitário (rede geral ou fossa séptica) e coleta de lixo (diretamente ou por caçamba do serviço público de limpeza). Modelos de regressão logística múltipla (RLM) estimaram a associação entre cor/raça e presença dos serviços por meio das razões de chance (RC). Foram consideradas as áreas urbanas e regiões metropolitanas do país, estratificando os resultados por região. Utilizou-se nível de significância de 5%. As menores frequências foram encontradas para esgotamento sanitário e, em geral, para os indígenas. Nas análises de RLM foram 29 comparações (48,3%) em que os domicílios com crianças indígenas, quando comparados às outras categorias de cor/raça, encontram-se em desvantagem, em especial no Sul, onde todas as comparações foram negativas para os indígenas. Resultados semelhantes foram encontrados para as regiões metropolitanas. Nesse sentido, os resultados coligidos por este trabalho sugerem a possível existência de iniquidades relacionadas à presença dos serviços de saneamento básico e cor/raça dos indivíduos, em que os indígenas, em geral, ocupam posição de desvantagem, particularmente no Sul do país. Diante da relação entre saneamento e saúde já estabelecida na literatura, esses resultados podem explicar, em parte, os baixos níveis de saúde apresentados por crianças indígenas no Brasil.
Salud y nutrición del niño indígena chileno (Mapuche)
Authors: Amigo Hugo , Bustos Patricia
Published: August 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una revisión de la situación de salud y nutrición del niño indígena chileno, específicamente del Mapuche, en lo publicado en las bases de datos de referencias bibliográficas y en investigaciones específicas que tienen base poblacional. Para este trabajo se buscó lo publicado en PubMed, LILACS, organismos nacionales e internacionales, durante los últimos 15 años. Desde el 2006 hasta el 2015 la proporción de pobres era mayor en los indígenas, con disminución de la brecha de 16% el 2006 a 7,7% el 2015 (p < 0,001). En la primera década de este siglo la mortalidad infantil en los niños indígenas tenía una tasa de 17,1/1.000 nacidos vivos, mientras en los no indígenas era de de 8,8/1.000 y, en el seguimiento de cinco años, la brecha se mantuvo (p < 0,001). Los recién nacidos con peso < 2,500g el año 2000 no superaban el 6% (5,6% en no indígenas y 5,2% en los indígenas). La talla baja al ingreso a la escuela era 8,4% en los escolares indígenas y 3,1% en los no indígenas, disminuyendo a 3,7 en los indígenas y 2,6% en los no indígenas el 2004, la obesidad en cambio aumentó más en los indígenas, llegando a 24,2 y 25,3% en los no indígenas (p < 0,001). La menarquia se presentó cuatro meses más tarde en las indígenas (12,7 años) y el índice de masa corporal, circunferencia de cintura y el porcentaje de grasa, fueron significativamente mayores en las indígenas en el momento de la telarquia, así como la frecuencia de exceso de peso (55% vs. 42% en las no indígenas). Los niños Mapuche presentan una condición de salud y nutrición favorable, comparada con los indígenas de otros países del continente, sin embargo, aun existe una brecha adversa -comparada con los no indígenas-, en que la desigualdad desfavorece al niño indígena y esta debe ser reconocida y corregida.
Tuberculose entre crianças e adolescentes indígenas no Brasil: fatores associados ao óbito e ao abandono do tratamento
Authors: Viana Paulo Victor de Sousa , Codenotti Stefano Barbosa , Bierrenbach Ana Luiza , Basta Paulo Cesar
Published: August 2019

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever características clínicas e sociodemográficas, estimar a incidência da tuberculose (TB), além de analisar fatores associados ao abandono e ao óbito na vigência do tratamento dos casos de TB notificados entre crianças e adolescentes indígenas, no Brasil, entre 2006-2016. Realizou-se análise da série histórica de incidência, segundo faixa etária e macrorregião e utilizou-se regressão logística multinomial para elucidar fatores associados ao abandono e ao óbito. Do total de 2.096 casos notificados, 88,2% tiveram cura, 7,2% abandonaram o tratamento e 4,6% evoluíram para óbito. Houve predomínio de casos em meninos de 15-19 anos e maior proporção de óbitos (55,7%) em < 4 anos. Considerando o conjunto de crianças e adolescentes indígenas com TB no Brasil, a incidência média foi 49,1/100 mil, variando de 21,5/100 mil a 97,6/100 mil nas regiões Nordeste e Centro-oeste, respectivamente. Os casos com acompanhamento insuficiente e regular tiveram maiores chances de abandono (OR = 11,1; IC95%: 5,2-24,8/OR = 4,4; IC95%: 1,9-10,3) e óbito (OR = 20,3; IC95%: 4,9-84,9/OR = 5,1; IC95%: 1,2-22,7). Os casos em retratamento (OR = 2,4; IC95%: 2,08-8,55) e com anti-HIV positivo (OR = 8,2; IC95%: 2,2-30,9) também mostraram-se associados ao abandono. As formas clínicas extrapulmonar (OR = 1,8; IC95%: 1,1-3,3) e mista (OR = 5,6; IC95%: 2,8-11,4), os casos em < 4 anos (OR = 3,1; IC95%: 1,5-6,4) e os casos provenientes das regiões Norte (OR = 2,8; IC95%: 1,1-7,1) e Centro-oeste (OR = 2,8; IC95%: 1,1-7,0) mostraram-se associados ao óbito. Acreditamos que o controle da TB em crianças e adolescentes indígenas não poderá ser alcançado sem investimentos em pesquisa e desenvolvimento e sem a redução das desigualdades sociais.
Violence against indigenous children and adolescents in Venezuela
Authors: Briceño-León Roberto , Perdomo Gloria
Published: August 2019

Abstract: Research on violence in indigenous communities refers to traditional practices of competition for scarce goods and clashes with other populations over their territories. Violence against children is not described, and authors of some studies state a tradition of good treatment towards them. In our study we shows that the situation has changed and new forms of violence are affecting 725,000 inhabitants from 51 indigenous groups of Venezuela, especially those composed of children and adolescents. The method used was interviews with key informants and for secondary census, civil society data and journalists’ reports. Results describe the existence of four types of violence: (a) structural violence, derived from the shortage of food and medicines that have caused deaths due to malnutrition and lack of medical attention, prostitution, girl trafficking and forced emigration; (b) violence of organized crime, which exercise control of illegal mining and affect the Yanomami and Pemón peoples, as workforce for the production of coca and drug trafficking with the Yupka people; and contraband of gasoline in the Wayúu people; (c) domestic violence due to cultural changes derived from new patterns of alcohol consumption or the use of physical punishment of children between Piaroa and Yekuana peoples; and (d) the illegal violence of the State for the imposition of mining with the Pemón people or the repression for the protests with the Warao and Inga peoples. In the article we show the great difference between the official discourse of protection of indigenous peoples and the realities of violence, criminal exploitation and violation of rights suffered by indigenous children and adolescents.
Promoção da saúde da mulher indígena: contribuição da etnografia das práticas de autoatenção entre os Munduruku do Estado do Amazonas, Brasil
Authors: Dias-Scopel Raquel Paiva , Scopel Daniel
Published: August 2019

Resumo: A longevidade, a saúde e o bem-estar coletivo e individual figuram entre as expectativas socialmente compartilhadas pelos Munduruku que habitam a Terra Indígena Kwatá-Laranjal, Amazonas, Brasil. A condução da vida diária, em um cosmo pleno de seres, é cercada de perigos que ameaçam essas expectativas, cujas agências podem resultar em doença e morte. A partir de etnografia, conduzida por meio da observação participante e narrativas, analisamos as práticas de autoatenção voltadas à construção do corpo da mulher Munduruku, valorizando a perspectiva e o papel ativo das pessoas “leigas” nesse processo. Essas práticas iniciam-se na gestação e estendem-se ao longo da vida, em um processo contínuo de construção do corpo, manutenção da saúde e aquisição de habilidades, marcado pela interação entre pessoas de diferentes idades. O foco das práticas de atenção Munduruku não é o corpo no sentido dado pelo paradigma biomédico, mas a participação deste, como pessoa, nas relações sociais e cosmológicas, por meio de experiências que articulam corpo, saúde e ambiente. A perspectiva Munduruku sobre esse processo apresenta diferenças radicais em relação ao individualismo moderno e à noção biomédica de corpo excessivamente reducionista. A compreensão da perspectiva indígena contribui para promover melhorias na qualidade da atenção diferenciada, conforme preconizado pela Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde dos Povos Indígenas.
A new, harmless, high-throughput endosperm-based DNA extraction method for wheat
Authors: Ma Zhihui , Wang Yuquan , Wei Wenhui , Ru Zhengang
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT: In this study, a non-destructive, high-throughput, endosperm-based DNA extraction method was developed. To verify the non-destructive nature of this method, a germination test was performed on 288 seeds after sampling their endosperm, which gave a seedling emergence rate that was higher (97.6%) than that of the control group (92%). To confirm the feasibility of the new method, DNA was extracted from plants of a BC1F2 population by two different methods, namely, from endosperm using our rapid, high-throughput method (ER-DNA) and from young leaves emerging from the same sampled seed using the CTAB method (LC-DNA). The ER-DNA was undetectable by agarose gel electrophoresis, but was found to be an adequate replacement for LC-DNA for the amplification and detection of simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Further analysis revealed that ER-DNA was generally suitable for the generation of specific 500-750-bp fragments, but not for the amplification of 1,000-2,000-bp fragments. Our rapid, high-throughput method therefore has no deleterious effects on wheat seeds and yields DNA for SSR genotyping that is a suitable alternative to traditionally obtained DNA.
Physiological quality of bean seeds after application of desiccant herbicides
Authors: Rosado Cecília Brustolini , Pereira Gustavo Antônio Mendes , Capobiango Nayara Pereira , Moreira Renata Pereira Lopes , Freitas Francisco Cláudio Lopes , Teixeira Matheus Ferreira França , Silva Antonio Alberto da
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT: The application of desiccant herbicides in the bean crop is fundamental in the production of quality seeds, since it anticipates the harvesting season, which makes it possible to obtain seeds in the period of physiological maturation, when they are reported with maximum accumulation of dry matter, high vigor levels and germination percentage. However, there is little information about the ideal application time of these products to obtain beans of high physiological quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of bean seeds after application of desiccant herbicides at different times in preharvest. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 2x3+1 factorial scheme, with four replications. Desiccant herbicides paraquat (400g ha-1) and paraquat + diuron (200 + 400g ha-1) were applied in three phenological stages (R8, R8/R9 and R9), plus one control (without herbicide application). Yield (Kg ha-1), mass of one thousand seeds (g), germination (%) and seed vigor were evaluated through tests of accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and primary root length. Application of paraquat molecule at the R8 stage and the paraquat + diuron mixture at the R8/R9 stage reduced the viability and vigor of the bean seeds, and compromised yield. Applications of the paraquat herbicide at the R8/R9 and R9 stages or of the mixture (paraquat + diuron) at the R9 stage preserved the physiological quality of the seeds without;however, affecting yield.
Levamisole on the biochemical and hematological responses to parasitism by monogenoids in dog snapper
Authors: Oliveira Bruno De Laquila , Souza Rodrigo Matos de , Silva Filho Jorge Pinto da , Ribeiro Halysson Pena , Fioresi Deusélio Bassini , Gomes Levy de Carvalho , Fernandes Luiz Fernando Loureiro
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT: The response of biochemical and hematological parameters were analyzed in dog snapper (Lutjanus jocu) grown in net cages, as well as for the specimens kept in the laboratory during an infestation by Neobenedenia melleni, and after treatment with freshwater bath and injectable application of levamisole. Significant changes were observed in N. melleni parasitized individuals, characterized by increased glucose and lactate levels, as well as a significant fish hematocrit reduction and leukocyte increase. Treatment with freshwater baths, concomitant with injectable levamisole application, showed therapeutic efficacy in several parameters after 14 days of treatment.
Performance and development of gastric compartments of calves fed with cheese whey and transition milk
Authors: Miranda Maria Vivianne Freitas Gomes de , Morais Michel Raony Paiva Teixeira de , Lima Renata Nayhara de , Leite Hélia Maria de Souza , Assis Ana Paula Pinheiro de , Teófilo Tiago da Silva , Fontenele Neto José Domingues , Lima Patrícia de Oliveira
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate whether cheese whey associated with transitional milk or not, could serve as a suitable alternative to whole milk for calf rearing. For this, twenty-four male calves of crossbred Holstein-Zebu, were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments (8 calves per treatment) and fed for 60 days with one of the following liquid diets: i) 100% whole milk, ii) 50% whole milk and 50% cheese whey, and iii) 30% transitional milk and 70% cheese whey. There was no difference in food intake between treatments. The analysis showed that whole milk replacement did not alter the stomach weight or the ruminal cell proliferation when compared to treatment using 100% whole milk; however, the transitional milk/cheese whey group showed larger ruminal papillae. These results suggested that a transitional milk-cheese whey diet associated with solid food and proper nutrient complements might enhance the post-natal development of rumen papillae in calves, which might contribute to prepare them for weaning.
Sustainable productive intensification for family farming in developing tropical countries
Authors: Taveira Luís Renato Silva , Carvalho Teotonio Soares de , Teixeira Anita Fernanda dos Santos , Curi Nilton
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT In the past, agriculture was directed to satisfying human needs. Nowadays, it is directed to meeting the markets, forcing the peasantries to adapt to this condition. As a result, family farmers are multifaceted, incorporating both subsistence and market-oriented production. Traditional farming systems have been challenged since there is a pressure for the intensification of these systems. Then, it is important that scientific research about them goes on to recognize that many family farmers use limited resource bases. However, innovation and intensification are permanent needs of agriculture, although they must be adjusted to different contexts, respecting the cultural legacy of family farmers as a prerequisite for achieving the development.