bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performa Burung Puyuh Jantan Coturnix-cortunix japonica) yang Diberi Tepung Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis) dalam Pakan
Authors: Nurhalimah Binti
Published: May 2022

Burung Puyuh (Coturnix coturnix japonica) merupakan salah satu komoditas unggas yang mempunyai peran dan prospek yang cukup cerah sebagai penghasil telur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pemberian pakan imbuhan berupa tepung daun binahong dalam pakan terhadap performa pertumbuhan burung puyuh jantan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada  Januari – Februari  2020 di Kandang Gunung Gede Sekolah Vokasi Institut Pertanian Bogor yang berlokasi di Gunung Gede Kota Bogor Jawa Barat. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 100 ekor burung puyuh jantan umur 10 hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini yaitu R0=0% tepung daun binahong R1=0,5% tepung daun binahong, R2=1% tepung daun binahong, 1,5% tepung daun binahong. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analisys of variance (ANOVA), bila data menunjukkan hasil berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Peubah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan, mortalitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pemberian tepung daun binahong dalam pakan berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi pakan dan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan bobot badan, konversi ransum dan mortalitas terhadap masa pertumbuhan burung puyuh. Kesimpulan penelitian ini pemberian tepung daun binahong dalam pakan hingga taraf 1,5% tidak berpengaruh pada performa burung puyuh jantan.
PENGUATAN KELEMBAGAAN PENGELOLAAN PERBATASAN NEGARA
Authors: Seran Gotfridus Goris
Published: May 2022

Perbatasan negara di Indonesia, baik batas wilayah negara (state border), termasuk perlintasan batas negara (cross-border), maupun kawasan perbatasan (inside border area), dikelola oleh Badan Nasional Pengelola Perbatasan Republik Indonesia (BNPP RI). BNPP RI merupakan lembaga non-struktural (LNS) yang ditetapkan berdasarkan amanah Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 43 Tahun 2008 tentang Wilayah Negara, Pasal 14 ayat (1). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merumuskan model dan strategi penguatan kelembagaan pengelolaan perbatasan negara di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Soft System Methodology (SSM) dari Peter Checkland (1990). SSM merupakan metode holistik untuk melihat aspek-aspek riil dan konseptual dari lembaga yang mengelola perbatasan negara di Indonesia. Desain model penguatan kelembagaan pengelolaan perbatasan negara di Indonesia didasarkan pada empat aspek kunci, yaitu kewenangan, organisasi, tata kerja, dan regulasi. Formulasi strategi untuk memperkuat kelembagaan pengelolaan perbatasan negara di Indonesia mencakup: (1) menetapkan kewenangan (tugas, fungsi dan peran), (2) mendesain organisasi (struktur), (3) merumuskan tata kerja (prosedur kerja, koordinasi), dan (4) menyelaraskan regulasi.
Volatilitas Harga Kedelai Dan Integrasi Pasar Kedelai Sebelum dan Sesudah Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Syaima  , Fariyanti Anna , Rifin Amzul
Published: May 2022

Kedelai adalah satu dari komoditas pangan utama di Indonesia selain beras dan jagung, sehingga perlu dijaga stabilisasi harganya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sistem agribisnis kedelai, menganalisis volatilitas harga kedelai dan integrasi pasar kedelai Indonesia dan internasional sebelum dan sesudah pandemi covid-19. Kajian sistem agribisnis kedelai dianalisis secara deskriptif yang menunjukkan bahwa sistem agribisnis di Indonesia belum seluruhnya terintegrasi dan saling terikat. Model ARCH/GARCH digunakan dalam analisis volatilitas harga kedelai, yang menunjukkan harga kedelai lokal tingkat pengecer memiliki tingkat volatilitas harga yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan harga kedelai internasional dan harga kedelai impor. Sementara, model VAR/VECM digunakan untuk menganalisis integrasi pasar antara pasar kedelai Indonesia dan pasar internasional, yang menunjukkan terdapat integrasi pasar antara pasar kedelai Indonesia dengan pasar Amerika

Kata kunci : Volatilitas, Integrasi pasar, Kedelai.
Model Manajemen Konflik Lembaga Pendidikan Islam: Tinjauan Komparatif Tafsir Ibn Katsir dan Tafsir Jalalain
Authors: Puspitasari Fantika Febry
Published: May 2022

Organisasi yang dinamis tidak terlepas dari keberadaan konflik. Perihal konflik juga telah dibahas dalam beberapa ayat Al Qur’an sebagai penekanan terhadap keniscayaan adanya konflik di antaranya dalam QS Al Isra’: 15, QS Al Qashash: 15 dan QS Yunus: 90. Manajemen konflik bertujuan untuk mengendalikan konflik sehingga pengaruhnya konstruktif dan fungsional. Lembaga Pendidikan Islam memiliki nilai-nilai Islam sebagai pedoman manajemen organisasi agar tetap selaras dengan petunjuk Al Qur’an. Manajemen konflik ditinjau dari perspektif Al Qur’an meliputi stimulasi konflik (QS Yunus: 99, QS Al Baqarah: 148, QS Al Jatsiyah: 22), Tabayyun (QS Al Hujurat: 6), Musyawarah (QS Ali Imran: 159), Negosiasi (QS An Naml: 34-35), Fastabiqul khoirot (QS Al Baqarah: 148), Mediasi-Akomodasi (Kisah peletakan hajar aswad), Islah (QS Al Hujurat: 9-10) dan Rudduhu ilallah (Qur’an) wa rasul (Sunnah) (QS An Nisa’: 59). Model-model manajemen konflik dalam Al Qur’an tersebut dapat diterapkan dalam manajemen lembaga Pendidikan Islam dengan mengutamakan nilai-nilai Islam sehingga konflik dalam lembaga Pendidikan Islam konstruktif dan fungsional.
Upaya Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Madrasah Era Digital
Authors: Saidi Eristiana , Hamengkubuwono  , Harmi Hendra
Published: May 2022

Pendidikan madrasah era digital telah membawa banyak perubahan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan masyarakat. Berbagai macam tantangan, kelebihan dan kekurangan dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran menjadi bahan pemikiran guru maupun para pemangku pendidikan untuk dapat berpartisipasi aktif dalam mewujudkan visi misi pendidikan yang  hendak dicapai di sekolahnya. Tranformasi pendidikan telah merubah pendidikan ofline menjadi pendidikan online. Jarak jauh bukan menjadi hambatan terlaksananya sebuah pendidikan. Metode penelitian dengan menggunakan metode kajian literatur terkait dengan transpormasi pendidikan di era digital dengan berbagai kajian bersumber referensi dari buku, artikel jurnal dan sumberlainnya yang mendukung tulisan ini. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk memperkuat  kemampuan dalam berfikir  terhadap berbagai teori dari para ahli maupun hasil kajian penelitian yang relefan. Pembelajaran era digital adalah pembelajaran dengan cara online menggunakan data internet yang dikenal dengan istilah daring. Pembelajaran Online merupakan kegiatan pembelajaran yang pelaksanaannya dilakukan dengan menggunakan media internet. Pembelajaran daring bisa dikatakan efektif apabila pemilihan metodenya tepat dengan pemilihan metode yang baik akan mempengaruhi minat belajar siswa. Sarana untuk mencapai semua komponen yang diperlukan dari pembelajaran online itu memerlukan data sinyal, paket kuota, keberadaan media dan metode pembelajaran efektif dan menyenangkan. Metode pembelajaran online memanfaatkan beberapa aplikasi seperti Google Clasroom, Whatsapp, Telegram, Zoom, dan messenger.
DINAMIKA ISLAM DI INDONESIA: KEBIJAKAN POLITIK TERHADAP LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PASCA MERDEKA-REFORMASI
Authors: Munah Mae , Suhaeni Eni , Rullah Nas , Abdurrohman Asep
Published: May 2022

ABSTRAKKedatangan Islam di Indonesia membawa pengaruh baik dari aspek sosial, politik maupun pendidikan. Perubahan politik di Indonesia tentu mempengaruhi kebijakan pada lembaga pendidikan Islam. Sejak Indonesia merdeka diawali dengan masa revolusi dan demokrasi liberal dan masa demokrasi terpimpin yang disebut masa Orde Lama pada masa Pemerintahan Soekarno, masa Orde Baru pada masa Soeharto, dan jatuhnya masa Orde Baru sehingga lahirlah masa Reformasi. Lahirnya kebijakan Negara dalam bentuk Undang-undang Nomor 4 tahun 1950 tentang Pendidikan dan Pengajaran di Sekolah. Nomor 12 tahun 1954 tentang pernyataan berlakunya Undang -undang Nomor 4 tahun 1950 untuk seluruh Indonesia. Pada tahun 1975, melalui SKB 3 Menteri, meningkatkan mutu pendidikan dan menempatkan pendidikan Islam pada perguruan agama menjadi sejajar dengan sekolah umum. Kemudian disusul lahirnya kebijakan Negara tentang pendidikan nasional yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 2 tahun 1989 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional yang menyebutkan bahwa pendidikan Islam sebagai sub sistem dalam sistem pendidikan nasional. Terakhir, pada Masa Reformasi lahirlah undang-undang sistem pendidikan nasional Nomor 20 Tahun 2003, yang menjadi pijakan hukum lembaga pendidikan Islam dalam mengembangkan pendidikan di Indonesia.
PENERAPAN MODEL PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM SYSTEMATIC ACTION RESEARCH DI PESANTREN TAHFIDZ MASKANUL HUFFADZ
Authors: Fitria Zul , Arif Zainal , Lestari Ayu
Published: May 2022

ABSTACTThis study aims to see how the development of a systemic action research curriculum model that can be applied at the Tahfidz Maskanul Huffadz Islamic Boarding School looks like. The Tahfidz Islamic Boarding School as a religious education institution that focuses on the Koran, where there is no standard curriculum that must be applied, so it requires the application systematic action research curriculum development model, so that the curriculum applied is in accordance with the needs and desires. zThe zstudy zused za zqualitative zapproach zto zobtain zan zin-depth zdescription zof zthe zproblems zthat zoccurred zby zusing zdata zcollection zin zthe zform zof zobservations, zinterviews zand zdocumentation. zThe zresearch zwas zconducted zat zthe zTahfidz zMaskanul zHuffadz zIslamic zBoarding zSchool zlocated zin zPondok zAren zBintaro, zSouth zTangerang. zFrom zthe zresults zof zthis zstudy, zwe zcan zsee zthe zeffectiveness zof zthe zimplementation zof zthis zcurriculum zwhich zin zits zapplication zis zvery zdynamic zand zcan zbe zadapted zto zthe zneeds zof zthe zimplementation zof zIslamic zboarding zschool zeducation.
The Entrepreneurial Facets as Precursor to Vietnam’s Economic Renovation in 1986
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang
Published: May 2022

This research, aims to develop a conceptual framework to assess the entrepreneurial properties of the Vietnamese reform, known as Doi Moi, even before the kickoff of Doi Moi policy itself. The authors argue that unlike many other scholars’ assertion, economic crisis and harsh realities were neither necessary nor sufficient conditions for the reform to take place, but the entrepreneurial elements and undertaking were, at least for the case of Vietnam’s reform. Entrepreneurial process, on the one hand, sought structural changes and kicked off innovation, and on the other hand, its induced outcome further invited changes and associated opportunities. The paper also concludes that an assessment of possibility for the next stage of Doi Moi should take into account the entrepreneurial factors of the economy and predict the emergence of new entrepreneurial facets in the next phase of economic development.
Teori biaya produksi
Authors: AMELIA RESKI
Published: May 2022

Jadi, biaya produksi adalah biaya yang harus dikeluarkan oleh suatu perusahaan untuk memperoleh faktor produksi. Faktor produksi ini merupakan sebab terciptanya atau terbentuknya kegiatan memproduksi barang. Dalam ruang lingkup ekonomi ada empat macam faktor produksi, yaitu sumber daya alam, sumber daya manusia berupa tenaga kerja, modal dan kewirausahaan. Dari faktor-faktor produksi tersebut, biaya produksi dapat dibedakan menjadi dua macam, yakni biaya produksi eksplisit atau biaya produksi yang dapat dilihat utamanya melalui laporan keuangan seperti tagihan listrik, upah tenaga kerja, dan lain-lain. Biaya produksi eksplisit ini merupakan biaya yang harus dikeluarkan oleh perusahaan sehingga sifatnya dapat dilihat dan jelas. Kemudian ada lagi biaya produksi implisit atau yang tersembunyi, biaya produksi implisit ini disebut juga sebagai biaya produksi kesempatan, contoh biaya produksi implisit adalah bangunan pabrik atau lahan, dan teknologi yang dimiliki oleh suatu perusahaan untuk memproduksi produk.
The method of representing Goldbach conjecture by set
Authors: Shan Huang
Published: May 2022

If the Goldbach conjecture can be represented by a set, then the Goldbach conjecture is onlyone of the common mapping relations represented by a certain set in a wider range. In order to provethat I'm not kidding, I'll write the method of prime distribution image in the first paragraph of the article.This is easy to verify. You can know it's true by drawing it.
Siti Farima Khairani Fantisa_20016111_Tugas Menulis Esai
Authors: Fantisa Siti Farima Khairani
Published: May 2022

Sebuah esai ilmiah yang membahas mengenai keterkaitan antara lingkungan dengan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia dan bagaimana dampak penggunaan bahasa Indonesia terhadap pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di sekolah.
Tác động của lạm phát đến hoạt động của thị trường chứng khoán ở Việt Nam: Kiểm chứng bằng mô hình GARCH
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: May 2022

Bài viết nghiên cứu tác động của lạm phát đến thị trường chứng khoán Việt Nam bằng mô hình GARCH. Kết quả cho thấy, các chỉ số chứng khoán thường đồng biến với chỉ số lạm phát. Tỷ lệ lạm phát càng cao, kéo theo chỉ số thị trường chứng khoán càng lớn. Bên cạnh đó, nhà đầu tư chứng khoán Việt Nam thường đầu tư bằng các khoản vay tín dụng ngắn hạn và sử dụng đòn bẩy tài chính, dẫn đến nguy cơ thị trường và toàn bộ nền kinh tế thiếu ổn định.
Bentuk Gaya Kepemimpinan Kristen Dalam Pertumbuhan Iman Jemaat Yang Berkarakter Kritus
Authors: Triani Indri Chisca
Published: May 2022

Catatan tentang bagaiman pengaruh kepemimpinan Kristen dalam pertumbuhan iman jemaat yang berkarakter Kristus
THE RELATIONSHIP OF INDONESIAN LEARNING TO THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: maharani Alqhalisa shofia
Published: May 2022

The times are getting more modern, the same thing with technology is getting more advanced. This does not rule out the possibility for the development of the world of education in terms of learning and others. Therefore, education also has a very important role in order to expand, facilitate, advance, and achieve the success of the nation's life. An education will not develop if the quality and quality in the education system is not commensurate. For example, learning still follows the old or ancient way, even though the development of science and technology is currently very developed and advanced. Some of the impacts will have a negative effect if this is considered trivial, such as students not knowing what is going on out there, students not being able to compete in positive things in the world of technology, and many more.
The Cultural Dimensions of the Vietnamese Private Entrepreneurship
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang
Published: May 2022

This paper examines the influence of cultural and socioeconomic factors on the growth of enterpreneurship in Vietnam. Traditional cultural values continue to have a strong impact on the Vietnamese society, and to a large extent adversely affect the entrepreneurial spirit of the community. Typical constraints private entrepreneurs face may have roots in the cultural facet as legacy of the Confucian society like relationship-based bank credit. Low quality business education is both a victim and culprit of the long-standing tradition that looks down on the role of private entrepreneurship in the country.
Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in 2D NbTe2 Ultrathin Films
Authors: Moss David
Published: May 2022

As one of the representatives of emerging metallic transition metal dichalcogenides, niobium ditelluride (NbTe2) has attracted intensive interest recently due to its distorted lattice structure and unique physical properties. Here, we report on the ultrafast carrier dynamics in NbTe2 measured using time-resolved pump-probe transient reflection spectroscopy. A thickness-dependent carrier relaxation time is observed, exhibiting a clear increase in the fast and slow carrier decay rates for thin NbTe2 flakes. In addition, pump power dependent measurements indicate that the carrier relaxation rates are power-independent, with the peak amplitude of the transient reflectivity increasing linearly with pump power. Isotropic relaxation dynamics in NbTe2 is also verified by performing polarization-resolved pump-probe measurements. These results provide an insight into the light-matter interactions and charge carrier dynamics in NbTe2 and will pave the way for its applications to photonic and optoelectronic devices.
IMPLEMENTASI MENGENAI PERKEMBANGAN BUDAYA TORAJA YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN AJARAN KRISTEN
Authors: dwinata gilbert agryan
Published: May 2022

Budaya di Toraja sudah lama tumbuh dan berkembang secara tradisional. Dan budaya yang mereka ciptakan membuat daya tarik bagi kalangan asing diluar sana, sehingga orang-orang diluar sana ingin meneliti dan mendokumentasikan budaya toraja tersebut. Akan tetapi, seiring berjalannya waktu, budaya Toraja mengalami adanya perubahan, hal ini dikarenakan banyaknya pengaruh-pengaruh asing yang masuk ke dalam lingkungan di Toraja, khususnya tentang ajaran?ajaran tentang keagamaan, seperti di zaman sekarang ini, mayoritas orang Toraja telah menganut agama Kristen.
Woman or tennis player? Visual typicality and lexical frequency affect variation in object naming
Authors: Gualdoni Eleonora , Brochhagen Thomas , Mädebach Andreas , Boleda Gemma
Published: May 2022

Speakers often use different names to refer to the same entity (e.g., “woman” vs. “tennis player”). We here explore factors that affect naming variation for visually presented objects. We analyze a large dataset of object names with realistic images and focus on two factors: visual typicality (of both objects and the contexts they appear in) and name frequency. We develop a novel computational approach to estimate visual typicality, using image representations from Computer Vision models. Specifically, we compute visual typicality as similarity between the representation of an object/context to the average representation of other objects/contexts of its nominal class. In contrast to previous studies, we not only study the name used by most annotators for a given object (top name), but also the second most frequently used (alternative name). Our results show that the top name and the alternative name pull in opposite directions. People’s naming choices are more varied for objects that are less typical for their top name, or more typical for their alternative name. They are also more varied when the top name has relatively low frequency (for alternative names, the opposite effect may be present but the data are not conclusive). Context typicality instead does not show a general effect in our analysis. Overall, our results show that visual and lexical characteristics relating to name candidates beyond the top name are informative for predicting variability in object naming. On a methodological level, we demonstrate the potential of using large scale datasets with realistic images in conjunction with computational methods to inform models of human object naming.
The Effect of Prediction Error on Episodic Memory Encoding is Modulated by the Outcome of the Predictions
Authors: Pupillo Francesco , Ortiz-Tudela Javier , Bruckner Rasmus , Shing Yee Lee
Published: May 2022

Predictive processing accounts propose that our brain constantly tries to match top-down internal representations with bottom-up incoming information from the environment. Predictions can lead to prediction errors of varying degrees depending on the extent to which the information encountered in the environment conforms with prior expectations. Theoretical and computational models assume that prediction errors have beneficial effects on learning and memory. However, while there is strong evidence on the effects of prediction error on learning, relatively less evidence is available regarding its effects on memory. Moreover, most of the studies available so far manipulated prediction error by using monetary rewards, whereas in everyday life learning does not always occur in the presence of explicit rewards. We used a task in which participants leaned context/object-category associations of different strength based on the outcomes of their predictions. After learning these associations, participants were presented with trial-unique objects that could match or violate their predictions. Finally, participants were asked to complete a surprise recognition memory test. We used a reinforcement learning model to derive subject-specific trial-to-trial estimates of prediction error at encoding and link it to subsequent recognition memory. Results showed that model-derived prediction errors at encoding influenced subsequent memory as a function of the outcome of participants’ predictions (correct vs incorrect). When participants correctly predicted the object category, stronger prediction errors (as a consequence of weak expectations) led to enhanced memory. In contrast, when participants incorrectly predicted the object category, stronger prediction errors (as a consequence of strong expectations) led to impaired memory. These results reveal a computationally specific influence of prediction error on memory formation, highlighting the important moderating role of choice outcome that may be related to interactions between the hippocampal and striatal dopaminergic systems.
Spread the Word: Enhancing Replicability of Speech Research Through Stimulus Sharing
Authors: Strand Julia Feld , Brown Violet Aurora
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The ongoing replication crisis within and beyond psychology has revealed the numerous ways in which flexibility in the research process can affect study outcomes. In speech research, examples of these researcher degrees of freedom include the particular syllables, words, or sentences presented, the talkers who produce the stimuli and the instructions given to them, the population tested, whether and how stimuli are matched on amplitude, the type of masking noise used and its presentation level, and many others. In this paper, we argue that even seemingly minor methodological choices have the potential to affect study outcomes. To that end, we present a reanalysis of six existing datasets on spoken word identification in noise to assess how differences in talkers, stimulus processing, masking type, and listeners affect identification accuracy.Conclusion: Our reanalysis revealed relatively low correlations among word identification rates across studies. The data suggest that some of the seemingly innocuous methodological details that differ across studies—details that cannot possibly be reported in text given the idiosyncrasies inherent to speech—introduce unknown variability that may affect replicability of our findings. We therefore argue publicly sharing stimuli is a crucial step toward improved replicability in speech research.
A Brief Report on Amusement in College Students: The Positive Effects of Affiliative and Self-Enhancing Humor Styles on Romantic Relationship Satisfaction and Psychological Wellbeing
Authors: Lazzaro Angela , Bolton Matthew J. , Kieffer Kevin
Published: May 2022

The overarching purpose this study was to examine which, if any, specific forms of humor may enhance romantic relationships. We also examined whether or not specific humor styles are associated with psychological wellbeing or anxiety; that is, whether affiliative and aggressive humor styles had an association with relationship satisfaction, if self-enhancing humor was associated with psychological wellbeing, and if self-defeating humor was associated with anxiety. Participants (N = 144) were undergraduate students who completed a brief pen-and-paper survey with humor styles, relationship satisfaction, anxiety, and general wellbeing measures. The results indicated that affiliative humor was associated with higher levels of relationship satisfaction, while self-enhancing humor was associated with less psychological distress and thus greater wellbeing. Self-enhancing humor and relationship satisfaction were also positively correlated. Aggressive humor was not found to be associated with lower relationship satisfaction and self-defeating humor was not found to be associated with anxiety. Possible implications and limitations of this study are discussed.
Teleological essentialism across development
Authors: Rose David , Jaramillo Sara , Nichols Shaun , Horne Zachary
Published: May 2022

Do young children have a teleological conception of the essence of natural kinds? We tested this by examining how the preservation or alteration of an animal’s purpose affected children’s persistence judgments (N = 40, ages 4 - 12, Mean Age = 7.04, 61% female). We found that even when surface-level features of an animal (e.g., a bee) were preserved, if the entity’s purpose changed (e.g., the bee now spins webs), children were more likely to categorize the entity as a member of a different natural kind (e.g., a spider) and these effects were similar in magnitude to altering the surface-features of a natural kind. Our results suggest that we might view teleological properties as partially constitutive of the essence of natural kinds.
Defining Physical Efforts
Authors: Massin Olivier
Published: May 2022

Section 1 discusses problems with chief existing definitions of effort. Section 2 introduces the force-based account of efforts. Section 3 introduces three central distinctions stemming from the account. Section 4 presents one chief objection to the theory, to the effect that the force-based theory cannot account for the difficulty of efforts. Section 5 argues thatBradford (2015)’s account of difficulty cannot account for the difficulty of efforts. Section 6 & 7 develop a novel account of effort’s difficulty.
The Behavioral, Emotional, and Social Skills Inventory (BESSI): A German Adaptation and Further Validation
Authors: Lechner Clemens M. , Knopf Thomas , Napolitano Christopher , Rammstedt Beatrice , Roberts Brent , Soto Christopher J. , Spengler Marion
Published: May 2022

[PLEASE SEE PUBLISHED VERSION AT https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence10030063] Social, emotional, and behavioral (SEB) skills comprise a broad set of inter- and intrapersonal abilities that are essential for building and maintaining relationships, regulating one's emotions, selecting and pursuing goals, or exploring new learning opportunities. Toward an improved assessment of SEB skills for educational, clinicial, and other purposes, Soto et al. (2022) introduced the Behavioral, Emotional, and Social Skills Inventory (BESSI). Measuring 32 SEB skill facets from 5 domains with 6 items each (i.e., 192 items in total), BESSI constitutes the most comprehensive SEB inventory to date. However, so far, BESSI exists only in its English-language source version. Here we present three studies in which we comprehensively validate a German-language adaptation of this instrument, called BESSI-G, and expand evidence on the BESSI framework more broadly. We use data from two samples of adolescents and adults aged 14 to 65 years and multiple assessment waves. In Studies 1 and 2, we assessed the psychometric properties (unidimensionality, reliability, and factorial validity) of the 32 facets. We also present first evidence on the facets' test--retest stability over 1.5 and 8 months, respectively, and analyze their domain structure. In Study 3, we investigate the nomological network of BESSI-G, testing associations of the 32 facets with Big Five personality traits and, for the first time, cognitive ability (i.e., fluid and crystallized intelligence). Results from the three studies show that BESSI-G exhibits good psychometric properties with a relatively short assessment duration (~15 min.). Its facet- and domain-level structure is as theoretically expected and highly similar to the English-language source version. The facets are moderately to highly stable (average 8-month true-score stability: rho = .79). BESSI-G shows both convergent and discriminant validity in relation to personality traits, similar to the source version, and is largely independent of cognitive ability. We discuss implications for SEB skill assessment and research on SEB skills.
Open Science, Closed Doors
Authors: Siegel Jaclyn Amanda
Published: May 2022

Over the last decade, scholars have called for a paradigm shift toward transparent and open scholarship. The resulting collection of practices conducted in accordance with this objective is typically referred to as "open science." The push for open science has benefitted the field in innumerable ways, from enhancing clarity in the research process to improving the accessibility of scholarship, and open science is regarded as so important that some journals award badges for its use. However, several practices within open science are not consistent with certain epistemological frameworks, and there are not yet guidelines for conducting certain types of research (e.g., qualitative research, arts-based research, work with vulnerable populations) within an open science framework. Further, running parallel to the movement for open science has been an uptick in aggression and bullying, usually of early career researchers, women, people of color, and individuals who sit at the intersections of these and other vulnerable identities within academia. In this talk, I review the challenges and opportunities that open science poses for the field of psychology, and provide suggestions for creating an open science movement that is inclusive and safe for all.
Sticks, leaves, buckets, and bowls: Distributional patterns of children’s at-home object handling in two subsistence societies
Authors: Casey Kennedy , Elliott Mary , Mickiewicz Elizabeth , Mandujano Anapaula Silva , Shorter Kimberly , Duquette Mara , Bergelson Elika , Casillas Marisa
Published: May 2022

Object-centric interactions provide rich learning moments for young children, including opportunities to discover word meanings. Children’s first-person object handling experiences, in particular, form a key source of input—one that varies across cultures and across development. Using daylong photo streams from child-worn cameras, we analyze >17k images to identify the frequency and targets of child object handling across the first four years in two small-scale subsistence farming communities on opposite sides of the globe (Rossel Papuan and Tseltal Mayan). Overall, we see general consistency in the distribution of object categories (e.g., consumables, mealtime tools, natural objects, etc.) handled by children across cultures and age, likely reflecting stable properties of children’s physical environments and day-to day routines. However, the exact objects available to children vary both within and across communities and diversify with age. These various distributions of handling patterns are discussed in their relation to potential consequences for early learning.
Emotional Support Among Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Couples During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gustafson Kristen , Manning Wendy , Kamp Dush Claire M
Published: May 2022

Emotional support, particularly support from family and close friends, is essential to mental health outcomes especially for members of the LGBTQ+ community. The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn attention to the important role of emotional support especially for marginalized communities. Although emotional support is recognized as a critical resource, to date no research has examined access to support during the pandemic for gender and sexual diverse populations. I draw on a new population-based data source of 3,642 respondents, the National Couples’ Health and Time Use Study (NCHAT), which oversampled sexual and gender diverse populations during the pandemic (September 2020-April 2021). I focus on two sources of emotional support: family members and friends. Respondents who identified as exclusively heterosexual relied more on emotional support from family than respondents who identified as exclusively gay/lesbian, bisexual including pan, omni, and queer, and those reporting another sexual identity or multiple sexual identities. However, respondents who did not identify as heterosexual relied more on emotional support from friends compared to exclusively heterosexual respondents. There were no significant differences among respondents who identity as sexual minorities in regard to family or friend support. This work contributes to understanding of the social climate and resources available to sexual and diverse populations during a major public health crisis.
Targeting research to address societal needs: What can we learn from 30 years of targeting neglected diseases?
Authors: Coburn Josie , Yaqub Ohid , Chataway Joanna
Published: May 2022

Neglected diseases have been characterised as a misalignment in the research system because so little research is directed towards such a large burden of disease. By focusing on one of the most extreme cases of misalignment, we highlight opportunities and potential pitfalls of targeting research towards specific social outcomes more generally. We trace how the category of neglected diseases came to prominence, largely framed as a problem to be addressed by scientific research. This mobilised R&D investment but there have been unintended consequences, particularly for broader health system strengthening and research capacity building efforts. These developments may contribute to a 'tragedy of the evaluation commons', where the effectiveness of broad remit research programs remain poorly characterised. This exacerbates a lack of evidence, relative to targeting specific diseases where the evaluation challenge is narrower. Research targeting then, is intimately tied to evaluation practice. A new research and policy agenda oriented towards broader research evaluation may support further investments not just for biomedical R&D in high-income countries, but also for researchers in other countries, for interdisciplinary, applied and social sciences, and ultimately, for poor patients.
The Invasion of Water Hyacinth and Its Impact on Diversity of Macro-Invertebrates in the Lake Cluster of Pokhara Valley, Nepal
Authors: Basaula Rajendra , Sharma Hari Prasad , Sapkota Kumar
Published: May 2022

Invasion of Alien Invasive Plant species (IAPs) is one of the major drivers for the wetland ecosystem degradation and aquatic biodiversity loss. Among the wetland ecosystems, the freshwater habitats including lakes and streams are more susceptible to species extinction. In the Lake Cluster of Pokhara Valley (LCPV), many aquatic species have been threatened by an abundant occurrence of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). Thus, this study aims to identity an association of the water hyacinth with different water parameters, diversity and abundance of macro-invertebrates. Water hyacinth is not only correlated with depth, transparency, pH and dissolved oxygen negatively, it is also correlated with temperature and free carbon dioxide positively. A total of 29 species and 26 genera from 21 families and 15 orders of macro-invertebrates were recorded. Among the macro-invertebrates, haplotaxida and diptera were found to be less abundant in the water hyacinth presence (HP) habitat than the water hyacinth absence (HA) habitat. However, the macro-invertebrates were found more abundant and diverse in the HP habitat than the HA habitat (Ranged: HP: 177 to 666; HA: 46 to 483). The abundance of orders like ephemeroptera, odonata, coleoptera, sphaeriida and caenogastropoda was significantly higher in the HP habitats. The direct and indirect effect of water hyacinth on the occurrence of macro-invertebrates and abundance can change the faunal structure of LCPV. Therefore, it is recommended to develop a plan of LCPV to manage the water hyacinth.
The Use of N-Gram Language Model in Predicting Nepali Words
Authors: Khadka Bal Ram
Published: May 2022

This paper aims to study the problems of automated generation and understanding of natural human languages. The word prediction and word completion from a tab-complete in typing is particularly useful to minimized keystrokes for the users with specific necessaries, and to reduce mistakes, and typographic errors. The word prediction techniques are well-established methods that are frequently used as communication aids for people with disabilities to accelerate the writing, to reduce the effort needed to type and to suggest the correct words. It is something that is skillful at doing prediction according to the previous context. Projection can either be established on word figures or verbal rules. The N-gram model is about predicting nth word from N-1 words. It assigns the probabilities to sentences and sequences of words of all possible combination of n words. To meet the objective, this research uses statistics amount of Nepali language of diverse word kinds to expect right word with as much precision as possible. Under the statistical method, this research will deal with the N-gram method to predict the next word for the Nepali language using Viterbi as decoding algorithm.
Students’ Perceptions towards Motivational and De-motivational Factors for Health and Physical Education
Authors: Adhikari Yadav Raj
Published: May 2022

Health and physical education helps a person to promote health status and prevent him or her from diseases in life. National Education System Plan (2071) recommended health and physical education as an obligatory subject in the schools’ curriculum, but at present it is an optional subject at the secondary level. In this context, this study aims to explore the students’ perception towards motivational and de-motivational factors of health and physical education for teacher education. To accomplish the objectives of the study, phenomenological research design under qualitative inquiry was applied. The data were collected through unstructured interview with the B.Ed. students of the constituent campuses under the public university. The informants were selected purposively. Decreasing of students in health and physical education for teacher education was the problem of this study. The results showed that the main motivational and de-motivational factors regarding health and physical education are: existing curriculum, teachers' competencies, pedagogies applied in teaching-learning activities, availability of infrastructure facilities, employability after completion of the study, public recognition and evaluation practices. This implies that students, teachers and policymakers should work together to reform the subject's sustainability and recognition.
Teachers' Perception on Identity Construction: Lived Experience of Community School Teachers in Nepal
Authors: Baraily Khagendra , Sherpa Dawa
Published: May 2022

This article shows how rural community school teachers use potential resources to construct and negotiate possible teacher identities. Moreover, this article explores how teacher identities can be constructed and understood in the rural society. Five teachers from different disciplines were purposefully selected and interviewed through the semi-structured interview guidelines in a natural setting. The interview responses were transcribed verbatim and analyzed by developing the themes to draw a conclusion. In the teacher’s narratives, themes such as professional ethics and competency, community respect, and societal participation were identified from the discussion of teacher narratives. This article discusses how the negotiation between multiple identities is a crucial part of the teacher identity construction. The findings of this study implicate that rural teachers construct their professional identity with their competency and community participation. It can also contribute to developing values, beliefs and commitments that are emotionally adhered to the teachers' identity construction.
Wie steht es um die geschlechtersensible Beschlagwortung in der Gemeinsamen Normdatei?
Authors: Aleksander Karin
Published: May 2022

Die Gemeinsame Normdatei liefert normierte Sachbegriffe für die Inhaltserschließung von Publikationen. Als historisch gewachsenes System kontrollierten Vokabulars ist sie selbst Produkt der Wissensproduktion, die sie widerspiegelt. Seit über 30 Jahren fordert die Geschlechterforschung dieses System heraus und hinterfragt seine androzentrische Basis. In dem Artikel werden einige historische und aktuelle Beispiele diskutiert sowie Möglichkeiten offeriert, wie Sachbegriffe künftig geschlechtersensibel definiert werden können.
Frauen – Information – Dokumentation – Archiv. Das feministische Netzwerk frida
Authors: Gerhalter Li
Published: May 2022

frida, der „Verein zur Förderung und Vernetzung frauenspezifischer Informations- und Dokumentationseinrichtungen in Österreich“ feiert 2022 das 30-jährige Bestehen. Im Kontext dieses Jubiläums wurde auch das vorliegende Themenheft der Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen & Bibliothekare herausgebracht. In diesem Text werden Stationen der vergangenen – ersten – 30 Jahre des feministischen Netzwerks frida berichtet. Neben den verschiedenen Aktivitäten sollen hier insbesondere die einzelnen Frauen* sichtbar gemacht werden, die das Netzwerk durch ihr persönliches Engagement ausgemacht haben und ausmachen.
Grußbotschaft. i.d.a. Dachverband deutschsprachiger Frauen/Lesbenarchive, -bibliotheken und -dokumentationsstellen
Authors: Balke Sabine , Hauser Margit , Kees Margarethe
Published: May 2022

Grußbotschaft des Dachverbands deutschsprachiger Frauen/Lesbenarchive, -bibliotheken und -dokumentationsstellen i.d.a. an frida - Verein zur Förderung und Vernetzung frauenspezifischer Informations- und Dokumentationseinrichtungen in Österreich.
Voyager pour apprendre : les Canadiens reçus docteurs en médecine à Paris au XIXesiècle
Authors: Robert Martin
Published: May 2022

Treize Canadiens sont reçus docteurs à la Faculté de médecine de Paris entre 1822 et 1905. Leurs séjours en France jouent un rôle déterminant dans certaines tendances majeures de l’histoire canadienne du XIXesiècle, notamment la formation d’une bourgeoisie professionnelle canadienne-française, l’officialisation des liens diplomatiques entre le Canada et la France, l’essor de la bactériologie en Amérique et la montée du nationalisme canadien-français au tournant du XXesiècle. Grâce à des sources inédites, principalement les dossiers étudiants et les thèses doctorales recueillis dans le fichier Pierre Moulinier de la Bibliothèque Interuniversitaire de Santé de l’Université Paris-Descartes, cet article retrace les parcours de ces docteurs canadiens. En s’attardant à leurs séjours à Paris, il examine les effets sur la profession médicale des rapports entre une ancienne colonie d’Amérique du Nord et sa première capitale impériale.
Open Secrets: Silence, Suppression, and Memory in the History of Canada’s 1918–20 Influenza Pandemic
Authors: Jones Esyllt W.
Published: May 2022

For several decades, the 1918–20 global influenza outbreak has been called “the forgotten pandemic.” Although recent scholarly and public interest in the pandemic has complicated the narrative of forgetting, the label has stuck. Highlighting historical evidence of influenza’s long-term impact upon survivors, family, and community in Canada, the flu stories presented here, diverse in form and content, verify that a key question in pandemic influenza history is not whether the pandemic was forgotten or remembered, but by whom, and in what ways, it has been suppressed – or foregrounded. By moving beyond the classic epidemic plot line, with beginning, middle, and end, historians can find new methodologies and evidence with which to more fully understand the influenza pandemic’s unfolding intersection with colonialism, war, social inequality, and labour struggles in the 20thcentury.
Species of the genus Martes in the northwest of the Russian Plain in the Holocene
Authors: Gasilin V.V. , Sablin M.V.
Published: May 2022

The problem of a sable (M. zibellina) and a pine marten (M. martes) potential cohabitation in the northwest of Eastern Europe was resolved using methods of multidimensional data analysis for the first time. The skulls (n = 48) and mandibles (n = 194) of representatives of the genus Martes from ten archaeological sites of the middle Holocene (Neolithic camps) and late Holocene (Iron Age settlements) of Onega Lake region and upper reaches of Western Dvina River region were studied. 18 complete skulls and large fragments of skulls were identified morphologically as M. martes remains. 42 mandibles of M. martes from eight middle and late Holocene sites of Western Dvina River region and two mandibles of M. zibellina from two middle Holocene sites of Onega Lake region were identified using discriminant analysis methods (8 – 15 metrical characters in each model).
New species of the Neotropical genus Odontogryllus Saussure (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Landrevinae)
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: May 2022

Type species of the genus Odontogryllus Sauss. (O. setosus Sauss.) described from a nymph is redescribed on the base of adult specimens possibly belonging to this species. Seven new species (O. proximus sp. nov., O. morona sp. nov., O. rhombicus sp. nov., O. ucayali sp. nov., O. sympatricus sp. nov., O. nimius sp. nov., and O. lacandona sp. nov.) are described from Ecuador, Peru and Mexico. Diagnostic characters and systematic position of the tribe Odontogryllini are briefly discussed.
Two new species of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from India
Authors: Ermilov S.G. , Kaluz S.
Published: May 2022

Two new oribatid mite species, Epidamaeus parayunnanensis sp. nov. and Taiwanoppia (Taiwanoppia) paraflagellifera sp. nov. (Acari: Oribatida) are described from India. In India, the genera Epidamaeus and Taiwanoppia are recorded for the first time. An identification key to all known species of the nominative subgenus Taiwanoppia is provided.
Nuevos registros del tuco-tuco de Reig (Ctenomys osvaldoreigi) para la Pampa de Achala, Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Contreras Facundo , Perez Martin E. , Priotto Jose W. , Coda Jose A. , Mapelli Fernando J.
Published: May 2022

Ctenomys es uno de los géneros más diversos de roedores sudamericanos y el conocimiento de su taxonomía alfa es aún incompleto. En la provincia de Córdoba se han citado cinco especies vivientes. Una de ellas, el tuco-tuco de Reig, fue reportada sólo para su localidad tipo. En este trabajo se reportan poblaciones previamente no documentadas de esta especie sobre la base de colectas de especímenes y registros de actividad. La identificación de los especímenes se basó en comparaciones con la serie tipo y otras especies (vivientes y fósiles) presentes en Córdoba. Finalmente, se discute el estado del conocimiento del género y la necesidad de incrementar relevamientos de campo.
Effect of Problem Solving Teaching Method in Mathematics on the Performance of 7th Grade Students
Authors: Ahmad Mushtaq , Khalid Muhammad Naveed , Shafiq Farah
Published: May 2022

The study aimed to analyze the effect of problem-solving teaching methods in mathematics on the achievements of elementary level students. The major objective of the study was to; i. To compare the mathematics academic achievements and ability of problem-solving among 7th class students taught through traditional and problem-solving teaching methods. 7th class students of Govt.Secondary School 47 NB Sargodha were divided into two groups and randomly assigned as contro land experimental groups. Two tests were validated through peer review, expert opinion and pilot testing; one “Problem Solving Ability Test in mathematics” (PSATM) and “Achievement Test in mathematics” (ATM) for 7th grade were used as pre-test and post-test. The experiment was conducted for a period of six weeks. The t-test and ANOVA were applied for data analysis. The major conclusion was that the participants treated with a new method of problem-solving teaching showed better results than the participants taught by traditional teaching methods in the achievement test and problem-solving ability test. It is recommended that elementary level mathematics teachers teach the students by using problem-solving teaching methods in their lesson plans for the development of problem-solving ability among learners.