bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTELLIGENCE STRUCTURE OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER AND CHILDREN WITH MILD MENTAL RETARDATION
Authors:   First St. Petersburg State Medical University Acad. I.P. Pavlova, St. Petersburg, Russia, Bizyuk A.P. , Kolosova T.A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kac E.E. ,   GBOU school number 755 »Regional Autism Center» Vasileostrovsky district, St. Petersburg, Russia, Sorokin V.M. ,   St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

According to statistics in recent years, there has been a steady increase in the number of people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), characterized in particular by disorders in the field of socio-psychological relations and specific changes in the cognitive sphere that impede the course of natural psychological adaptation. The theories of the origin of autism advanced in Western psychology are the theory of mind, the theory of central binding (central coherence theory) and the hypothesis of the weakening of the so-called. executive functions and individually and combinatorially quite adequately linked to the recorded changes from the three morphological-functional blocks according to A.R. Luria. The diversity, and sometimes the inconsistency of the obtained morphometric data in autistic children (regarding the total size of the brain, gray and white matter of the cerebral hemispheres, commissural structures, the hippocampus, tonsils, cerebellum, etc.) correlate with the same high diversity and sometimes bizarre manifestations intellectual activity — from pronounced forms of mental retardation to a very high, although unusual in structure of cognitive development. Correct construction of technologies for working with such children and their effective integration into the system of socio-psychological relations, or specific adaptation to it, is impossible without taking into account the intellectual potential and a differentiated approach based on both general and individualized laws of the child’s cognitive development. We made an attempt to compare the traditional characteristics of the intellectual activity of children with autism spectrum disorders and children of the same age with mental retardation (MA) in order to identify general and specific trends in their cognitive development. For this, the well-known Veksler test was used, which ensures the comparability of experimental data with normative data for the corresponding age group. It was found that children with ASD statistically significantly “gain” in the performance of those mental functions that involve the use of optical-spatial gnosis and constructive praxis, but expectedly “lose” in cases that require modeling behavior in social situations and taking into account everyday experience.
DISTANCE LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES IN PHYSICAL CULTURE AT THE UNIVERSITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF OSU)
Authors:   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia, Udovichenko E.V. , Gorban I.G. ,   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

Physical education is a means of providing students with skills, attitudes, values, knowledge and understanding of motor activity throughout their life, regardless of their abilities, gender, age, cultural, religious or social origin. However, the pandemic made adjustments to people’s normal lifestyles, which led to the need to master new learning methods using Internet platforms. The transition of the traditional form of education to distance learning in the discipline “Physical Culture” was due to the necessary measure to deter the spread of COVID-19. The operational development at the end of the last school year and the introduction of an online course had some difficulties in the technical and organizational plan. Adapting to this new form of the educational process, universities have developed digital tools and platforms to provide continuing education in a full-fledged mode of work that meets all the requirements of higher education. The relevance of the article is determined by the need to switch to distance education, the development of the course and the use of Internet platforms by the teacher in teaching students at Orenburg State University. Therefore, the improvement of the distance learning process, the creation of an updated course, as well as the planned, deliberate use of online technologies stimulate and facilitate the interaction of the teacher and students. The implementation of this technology makes it possible to effectively solve educational and educational tasks that contribute to increasing interest in instilling skills in self-organization, self-control, self-esteem, activity analysis, developing self-consciousness, self-perception of their own achievements and understanding their dynamics; adapting the content of educational materials to the needs of students; determining the current level of individual results of students; analysis of educational process dynamics, change of its qualitative level.
APPEARANCE AND SUBJECTIVE PERSONALITY WELL-BEING
Authors:   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia, Epanchintseva G.A. , Kozlovskaya T.N. ,   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia, Averkova E.P. ,   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

The article discusses one of the most important topics in the field of human psychology — appearance as value and self-relation, a number of psychological approaches are analyzed to the problem of self-approaching the problem of self-assessment, I-Concept, the role of self-acceptance and subjective interpretation of its appearance in the subjective welfare of the personality is noted. The results of an empirical study of ideas about their appearance through self-relation using the techniques are given: “The test index of life satisfaction (IZZA)”, the adaptation of N. V. Panina, the Questionnaire of Satisfaction “of the Father I” and the methodology of the Research Research S.R. Panteleeva (MIS) . As an object of study, 20 student students of the Orenburg State University were made aged 18 to 23 years old, as well as 20 women aged 38–45 years. The study showed that the image of his “I” from a significant number of women and girls is perceived in a negative plan. And this in turn affects satisfaction with the quality of life and the success of social adaptation. It was also noted that the attitude towards his physical “I” in women of older age is different from the girls of 18–23 years. They are more positive about themselves and the feeling of self-satisfaction and self-proposals are higher.
TRAINING OF MASTER’S DEGREE STUDENTS IN BUSINESS COMMUNICATION IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Dmitrieva E.V. , Terekhova G.V. ,   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

The level of professional training and qualification of a specialist is often determined by the ability to communicate with colleagues and use databases in a foreign language. The main goal of the work was to study the influence of a number of competencies on the development of a student’s perception of a foreign language culture, based on the principles of tolerance, openness to the opinions and positions of a communication partner. The authors showed how the formed characteristics of the secondary linguistic personality allow the subject of educational activity to take part in indirect and direct intercultural communication, improve the quality of foreign language proficiency, both with a teacher and independently. The result of the study was the identification of the nature of the influence of business communication on the success in mutual understanding of communication participants in the process of creating a common communicative and pragmatic space.
PROCEDURAL MODEL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY UNIVERSITY TEACHER PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia, Kobseva N.I.
Published: December 2021

Currently, the main activity of the University is to meet the needs of the individual in knowledge, knowledge acquires the status of an “independent value” that allows it to adapt and function successfully in the modern world. This requires proper personnel support, development and implementation of a targeted program for creating teaching staff, including modern forms of management of the development of professional competencies of teachers of higher education institutions. The aim of the research is to develop a procedural model for the development of professional competencies of a teacher at a multidisciplinary University. The experience of numerous practices and observations allowed me to say that the professional competence of a teacher is formed based on the directions of his activity, provided that knowledge is updated, the development of value-motivational orientations of the teacher’s personality and the activation of research activities. Under the professional competencies of a University teacher, I see an integrative system of values, personal qualities, professional orientations, motivational activity, abilities, and a set of knowledge aimed at achieving a high-quality result of a teacher’s multifunctional activities (educational, educational, methodical, tutoring, scientific, administrative, social, and managerial). Based on my theoretical research, I have constructed a procedural model for the development of professional competencies of a teacher at a multidisciplinary University. The model is developed taking into account the key clusters of professional competencies of the teacher in the context of the main activities of the formation of personnel policy and strategic development of the educational institution. Summarizing the results of the research, I came to the conclusion that the implementation of the competence model contributes to the implementation of the main goals of continuous professional development of a higher school teacher in the context of education management and the achievement of the final quality result of his activity — a professional, competitive, in-demand University graduate. In my opinion, the development of professional competencies of teachers is focused on the quality of students ‘ education, which is one of the most important indicators of not only the accreditation of an educational institution, but also its image.
DEVELOPMENTAL POTENTIAL OF THE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE CULTURE FORMATION OF A FUTURE TEACHERS SAFE LIFESTYLE
Authors:   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia, Akimov L.A. , Ryndak V.G. ,   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

The increase in the crisis phenomena of modern life determines the social order for pedagogical universities to establish a culture of a safe lifestyle of the future teacher, who is capable of timely and appropriate actions to meet the ever-increasing challenges of ensuring safety in education and raising a viable generation. The fruitful actualization and realization of the developing potential of the educational environment of the pedagogical university to achieve the effectiveness of the process under study is in demand. The purpose of our theoretical research was to substantiate the developing potential of the educational environment of the pedagogical university in the formation of a culture of a safe lifestyle of the future teacher and the experience of its implementation. The concept of “developing potential of the educational environment of a pedagogical university” is considered by us as a set of resources and opportunities. They can be successfully implemented by the subjects of pedagogical education in the selected areas to ensure the necessary and sufficient pedagogical, didactic, organizational conditions for the formation of a culture of a safe lifestyle of the future teacher. The resources and capabilities of the developing potential of the educational environment of a pedagogical university are classified by us as available means that determine the achievement of the effectiveness of the process under study. What is fundamentally new in the results of our research is the allocation of normative-cultural, didactic-professional and interactive-productive spheres in the developing potential of the educational environment of a pedagogical university, within which the allocated opportunities and resources are implemented. Thus, it is advisable to structure the developing potential of the educational environment in the totality of resources, opportunities, and areas in which the effectiveness of the formation of a culture of a safe lifestyle of the future teacher is achieved. Resources and opportunities can be demanded by university teachers for a socially determined, pedagogically accompanied process of changing the professional and personal quality of a teacher.
ORGANIZATION OF ADOLESCENTS RESEARCH PROJECTS IN TOURISM AND LOCAL HISTORY
Authors:   Center of Additional Education, Tulgan, Orenburg Oblast, Russia, Kulueva T.V.
Published: December 2021

The relevance of the appeal to the organization of research projects of adolescents in tourism and local history in institutions of additional education is justified by the need to educate an growing citizen who is able to critically understand and appreciate the most important historical events, prominent individuals, small Motherland, adequately and perceive information of a social nature and actively learn new areas of knowledge, assign universal values (Man, Family, Labor, Knowledge, Culture, Earth, World, Fatherland) within the framework of accessible improvement of the surrounding world. Tourism and local history is a peculiar basis for the implementation of research projects of adolescents in the real format of life, forming the development of an active life position of a holistic-oriented person — an growing patriot and citizen during acquaintance with the history and nature of his native land, communication coherence in choosing goals, coordinating positions, virtuosity in the application of methods of solving personal and group problems when developing a socially needed project, its presentation and protection. In tourist and local history projects of additional education institutions , adolescents are given the opportunity to freely choose their fields of activity. Their personal interests, needs, abilities are taken into account, as well as the possibility of their free self-determination and self-realization. Organization of research projects in tourism and local history activities with the following possibilities: semantic (organization of multilevel communications of subjects of axiological communication, exchange of moral ideas, feelings, ideas, values), transforming (activation of positive self-attitude of adolescents, translation of samples of accumulated experience of constructive interaction into various spheres of society), integration (freedom of teenagers to choose forms, methods of tourist and local history activities), the author presents in the form of a structure: motive — problem — goal — tasks — methods and methods — plan — actions — results — reflection. This structure is described on the example of the tourist and local history association “Seekers” MBUDO “Center for Additional Education” in Tulgan and is a real technological chain, which in turn consists of five “P”: problem, search, design, product, presentation.
PREVENTION PECULIARITIES OF TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEFORMATION IN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia, Pak L.G. , Mullova E.P. ,   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

The issue of preventing professional deformation of a teacher in an educational organization arouses a stable interest on the part of science and practice in the context of improving the quality of educational services provided to students in an educational organization. The professional deformation of the teacher is considered by us as accumulated changes in the qualities of the pedagogical worker under the influence of professional activity, social (external) and individual (internal) factors that negatively affect the quality of the labor functions of the subject of pedagogical labor, building a professional-personal life prospects, ways of self-improvement and self-realization. The study of scientific literature on the problem of research allowed us to meaningfully describe the prevention of professional deformation of a teacher in an educational organization as a process of appropriately designed measures aimed at minimizing the probability of distortion of the professional and personal profile of a pedagogical worker by updating the personal potential of a specialist and the resource opportunities of the environment (school, family, society) to optimize pedagogical work, create stress tolerance, improve the quality of life, achieve professional longevity of a teacher. We are justified ways (diagnostic, psychological and pedagogical, fascinating, vocational and amkmeological) of prevention of the teacher’s deformation, which allow to reduce negative factors leading to the manifestation of destructive changes in the teacher’s personality, were analyzed. We have identified organizational concentrators for preventing professional deformation of the teacher: a value-sense concentrate (activation of the value-sense position of timely stabilization of the professional functioning of the teacher in the present and future; developing confidence in the self-effectiveness and self-control of difficult situations; the implementation of external incentives for the formation of labor motivation; creation of a creative, psychological-safe atmosphere of professional achievements); informational and informative concentrate (expansion of the teacher’s awareness range about his own resources, as well as about the resources of the micro- and macrosocium in preventing professional deformation; accumulation of ideas about ways of professional self-development, self-improvement, stress resistance, self-preservation); A proactive concentrate (integrated use of externally defined and internally conditioned resources to address behavioural risk situations in education; mastering the ways of introspection, self-regulation of the emotional-will sphere; development of skills to build constructive professional communications; promoting the professional and personal growth of a teacher).
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT EXPERIENCE FOR THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS' PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS FOR THE FINAL CERTIFICATION
Authors:   MOAU «Lyceum No. 5», Orenburg, Russia, Pikalova G.K.
Published: December 2021

Today, there is a wide variety of models of psychological and pedagogical support, each of which is focused on providing assistance and support to all subjects of the educational process, taking into account the specifics of the identified problems. Purpose of the study: to substantiate the experience of psychological and pedagogical support for the formation of psychological readiness for final certification, using a theoretical analysis of scientific literature, questionnaires, testing, ascertaining and forming an experiment, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results. I have studied the experience of preparing and implementing a program for organizing psychological and pedagogical support for the formation of psychological readiness for final certification, presented in an interactive form of group interaction. This made it possible to identify the possibilities of psychological and pedagogical support for the formation of psychological readiness of students for the final certification and to determine the form and methods of support in the form of trainings. It was revealed that for effective support of the formation of psychological readiness, conditions such as the readiness of the student to change and a favorable educational environment are necessary. The prospect of research on the formation of psychological readiness is seen in the expansion of the forms and methods of accompanying students in preparation for the final certification; creation of psychological and pedagogical conditions in the educational organization, necessary and sufficient for the effective formation of all components of psychological readiness, accompanying students.
HYPER-READING AS A NEW READING STRATEGY
Authors:   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia, Sapukh T.V. , Khuzina A.Kh. ,   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

The development of modern information technologies changes the forms of presenting educational material in modern learning conditions. On the one hand, there are new opportunities for the rational organization of the text (using the hypertext structure). On the other hand, due to the fragmentation of information, specific additional skills are required for more effective mastering of a foreign language. In the course of our theoretical research, it was found that hyper-reading as a new reading strategy is a quick search for the required information, during which only individual fragments of text are read. It is based on ordinary types of reading. It makes it possible to use modern information technologies and includes the following techniques: filtering, skimming, non-linear selection, value determination, filming, borrowing, de-authorization and fragmentation. Filtering is associated with a greater degree of selectivity when working with nonlinear text. A quick scan allows for less reading. When determining the significance of a lexical unit, students clarify its meaning, they can make a commentary on the educational text. Filming involves relying on photo and video materials, taking into account the situation and context at the pre-text stage of work. Borrowing is aimed at structuring the educational material in accordance with the goals of the reader. De-authorization allows the reader to form his own idea of the content of the studied educational text, to interpret it. Fragmentation makes it possible to highlight the necessary fragments of text, to pay attention to the search for details or facts. These techniques are revealed in experimental work through a specially organized system of exercises for working with hypertext. The study found that hyper-reading as a new reading strategy allows students to activate the knowledge, skills, and abilities associated with traditional types of reading via hypertext.
ORGANIZATION IMPROVEMENT OF STUDENTS’ INDEPENDENT WORK IN CROSS-CULTURAL INTERACTION
Authors:   1Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia, Eremina N.V. , Tomin V.V. ,   1Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia, Kanyukova J.V. ,   Orenburg branch of the Federal State Autonomous Institution «National Medical Research Center» Inter-sectoral Scientific and Technical Complex «Microsurgery Eyes» Academician S. N. Fedorova » Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

Currently, a very urgent problem in the university training system of students in foreign languages is the problem of designing educational and methodological complexes for classroom and extracurricular use. Analysis of this problem’s state in the context of social order allows us to note that the domestic market is insufficiently saturated with the required teaching aids. Existing textbooks differ, as a rule, either by a traditional formal approach or by a hypertrophied professional orientation and the absence of assignments aimed at independent extracurricular work. Educational and methodological complexes at the university level should be built based on communicative, sociocultural, and cognitive approaches. Raising the status of a foreign language in many countries’ education systems poses the task of creating new pedagogical, didactic, and methodological developments of conditions for improving the process of its learning. A characteristic feature of didactic aids is the versatility of their application. The structuredness of educational and methodological complexes in the form of multi-level blocks contributes to developing students of a scientific organization for the development of educational material, free orientation within the course, and the development of practical skills for performing control tasks. The main criteria for selecting material for students’ independent work are problematic, relevance, availability, adequacy, optimality of volume and complexity, the possibility of self-control and self-correction, and variability of tasks. Independent work in a foreign language in the context of cross-cultural interaction at non-linguistic faculties is an obligatory part of the educational process. The main goals are achieving an appropriate level of foreign language communicative competence and preparing graduates for an independent increase in foreign language proficiency. When planning and organizing students’ independent work in cross-cultural interaction, it is necessary to consider their readiness to perform this type of work: psychological, theoretical, practical.
PRIORITIES FOR DEVELOPING COGNITIVE AND COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS OF TECHNICAL STUDENTS
Authors:   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University, Omsk, Russia, Tsoupikova Н.V. , Tsyguleva M.V. ,   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University, Omsk, Russia
Published: December 2021

The methodological part of the work of a university teacher is aimed at finding effective techniques and methods of teaching, namely, the definition and substantiation of a complex of universal educational skills of a cognitive and communicative nature. Their formation and improvement in students will ensure the planned high learning outcomes, reduce the time spent on mastering the educational material presented in text form, and provide students with reliable mechanisms of conscious self-reflection. We have determined the composition of the cognitive and communicative skills of students necessary to achieve the planned learning outcome: the ability to find a solution, the ability to present and evaluate results, the ability to independently master information, the ability to read meaningfully, the ability to perform logical operations, the ability to work with information, the ability to construct a text, the ability design and redesign of the text, the ability to structure information, reflexive skills and others. The directions of work on the development of communicative and cognitive skills and abilities of students are determined: work on the development of information is organized on the basis of constructing supporting logical schemes, educational actions with language material serve to develop the mental operations of students — analysis, synthesis, classification, generalization, association, analogy, concretization, transcoding and many others; educational activity for building a text with expansion involves the development of skills and abilities of self-reflection — tracking and explaining the logic of their actions, assessing their own activities, correcting the results. Having considered the components of cognitive and communicative skills and ways of their developing and sharpening, the authors select and demonstrate the relevance of the training content.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL THINKING IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASSES AT A UNIVERSITY AS A WAY TO FORM THE INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Yankina N.V.
Published: December 2021

Multiculturality of the modern world assigns a special role to teaching foreign languages in higher education institutions: a future specialist is to get a high level of foreign language knowledge and skills as well as to learn how to use them to meet the challenges of professional communication with representatives of different cultures. To face these needs a university student is to develop intercultural competence, by which we mean a set of special knowledge necessary for intercultural dialogue, appropriate orientations that will ensure personal interaction based on understanding, respect, tolerance and interest to the values of another culture and a set of skills necessary for intercultural communication. While forming these abilities we should acknowledge that modern information technologies provide students with access to massive amounts of information and this charateristic of professional training actualizes the development of critical thinking skills — comprehension, analysis, systematization and evaluation of the acquired knowledge. Theoretical and practical studies on the correlation between cross-cultural competence and critical thinking allowed us to formulate the requirements to the assignments’ content aimed at developing critical thinking skills during foreign language classes: it is important to provide students with the opportunity to introduce them to the realities that are extra to their own experience and to diversify their intercultural interactions’ scenario. Observations about the changes in the students’ communicative and cultural activities led us to the conclusion that critical thinking stimulates the development of such important intercultural competence skills as multicultural awareness, readiness to learn cultural diversity, positive reaction to different viewpoints, formulating hypotheses and making assumptions about partner’s behavior and selecting an appropriate personal behavior model after identify similarities and differences, drawing independent and objective conclusion.
STUDY OF SANITARY AND HYGIENIC TRAINING CONDITIONS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF ORSK
Authors:   1Orsk Humanitarian-Technological Institute (branch) of OSU, Orsk, Russia, Danilenko O.V. , Korneva I.N. ,   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia, Shupaev A.V. ,   1Orsk Humanitarian-Technological Institute (branch) of OSU, Orsk, Russia
Published: December 2021

The study is devoted to the problem of studying the sanitary and hygienic conditions of education in educational institutions of Orsk from the standpoint of the health of schoolchildren. The aim of the study was to study the dependence of the health of schoolchildren on the sanitary and hygienic conditions of education in educational institutions of Orsk. The material and technical equipment of some schools in Orsk, the sanitary and hygienic conditions of education, the microclimate of the premises, the availability of recreational facilities and the relationship between the level of morbidity among schoolchildren and sanitary and hygienic conditions were studied..The conditions of education of schoolchildren, placement in ecologically unfavorable territories are analyzed: dangerously close location of industrial enterprises, highways with heavy traffic. The sanitary and hygienic state of educational institutions was analyzed, which revealed a positive trend, as evidenced by an increase in the number in 2019. secondary schools belonging to the 1st group of sanitary and epidemiological welfare and the absence of schools with the 3rd group of sanitary and epidemiological welfare. The number of educational institutions requiring major repairs has decreased. Along with positive dynamics, negative aspects are noted. The illumination of workplaces in classrooms in 2019 deteriorated, which correlates with an increase in the number of children with a decrease in visual acuity. In 2019, the proportion of educational institutions that do not meet sanitary and hygienic standards in terms of microclimate parameters increased, at the same time, it is noted that respiratory diseases among children and adolescents occupy a leading place.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF PRESCHOOL AND SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN AS A PROBLEM OF MODERN EDUCATION AND THE FAMILY
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Kargapolceva N.A. , Saparkyzy J. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda university, Kyzylorda, The Republik of Kazakhstan
Published: December 2021

Psychological and pedagogical support of preschool and school-age children is an urgent problem of the entire system of modern education and the family, especially in the context of the digital transformation of the modern world. New opportunities for effective problem solving and the development of cooperation in the interaction of the education system and the family are opening up in connection with the development of mobile applications for parents and other categories of users for psychological and pedagogical support of preschool and school-age children. The most important areas for selecting relevant content not only for the family, but also for professional teachers, psychologists, and students of pedagogical universities were the formation of health and a healthy lifestyle, the creation of a comfortable developing educational environment in the family, materials for identifying and eliminating the psychological causes of violations of interpersonal relations of children with educators, peers, parents and other people; problems of early childhood.
INTERPRETATION OF A MUSICAL WORK AS A MEANS OF DEVELOPING ARTISTRY IN THE PROCESS OF MUSICAL AND ARTISTIC EDUCATION OF FUTURE MUSIC TEACHERS
Authors:   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia, Yusupova A.A. , Kargapolceva N.A. ,   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

Artistry plays an important role in the pedagogical activity of any teacher, but it is of particular importance in the activity of a music teacher, since it is the most important professional quality of the personality of a teacher-musician. Pedagogical artistry, as is well known, consists of an external factor (intonation, diction, expressiveness, musicality, gestures, plasticity, etc.), which is developed through vocal art, and an internal one (spirituality, creative and musical-pedagogical thinking, imagination, etc.), associated with performing skills. Work on the interpretation of the work — improving the vocal technique, competent reading of the musical text, compliance with all the author's remarks, creating a musical and artistic image as a whole, is one of the main components of the formation of artistry. The teacher's artistry presupposes his creativity, creativity, and the ability to navigate in any situation, so the actual pedagogical task is the formation of artistic singing skills in the process of musical and artistic education of future music teachers.
TO THE QUESTION OF CROSS-CULTURAL INTERACTION WITHIN THE “BUSINESS FOREIGN LANGUAGE” DISCIPLINE AMONG MASTERS OF NON-LINGUISTIC SPECIALTIES
Authors:   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia, Bochkareva T.S. , Kabanova O.V. ,   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

The development of speech communication forms a socially active person. The formation of students’ communicative competence is the primary task of forming a socially active person. And this task is based not only on the knowledge of the language system and the language material (speech), but also on compliance with social norms of speech communication, rules of speech behavior. During our research it was determined that for successful business relationships, it is necessary to clearly assess the importance of different value systems and how these different value systems affect the success of cross-cultural interaction. A students’ and teachers’ survey revealed the ways to intensify speech activities in classes in the “Business Foreign Language” discipline in which behavior standard are also learned. These ways directly affect the assessments development that determine the perception of other people, relationships and the communication style with them. The authors pay special attention to the concepts definitions such as “culture”, “value”, peculiarities of behavior in various modern societies when conducting international business. We have discovered that the implementation of a specific life target setting occurs in the interaction process between the participants in communication and proceeds on the basis of feedback in specific types of speech activities. Within the framework of the “Business Foreign Language” discipline, the teacher needs to include the material on intercultural issues for successful cross-cultural interaction. This should become an integral part of the work on the undergraduates’ socialization who acquire communication skills in the cross-cultural space within international activity taking part in meetings and negotiations organized in classes, presentations, as well as through various forms of written communication. As a study result, it was found that the use of a personal-oriented methods complex helps to overcome the psychological barrier in the communication process and to form culture of speech behavior, which is a factor in the development of a person's value attitude to learning a foreign language. The knowledge of behavior practices, the study of international experience of communication, cultural values are the key to successful cross-cultural interaction.
THE CONTENT OF THE STUDY OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY TEACHER’S PROFESSIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITY AT CONDITIONS OF INNOVATIONS
Authors:   Karaganda Technical University, Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan, Azimbayeva Zh.A.
Published: December 2021

The interest to organization of higher technical education teacher’s activity in conditions of innovative changes was due to internal and external factors. They influence to the development of higher education as a whole and activity of teachers individually. The society has necessity in specialists of new format — socially and professionally active engineers with outlined personal features and unique competencies. This requirement is directing technical universities to preparation of engineers of new formation. The rapid scientific and technical progress, integration of innovations to educational process of higher technical university are presenting new requirements to the teacher activity, that are connected with necessity to work in conditions of high competition and to use opportunities of educational environment and infrastructure of higher educational institution for the purpose of organizing the interconnection of all participants of educational process. Technical university today is undergoing changes into the center of new technologies generation in preparation of technical staff. Now, it is being changed to a “hub” — the network of corporations that work with customers and suppliers of innovations the way they provide the transfer of technologies to modern market of consuming. These factors show high requirements to professional and pedagogical staff of university, teacher activity and their personal features and competencies. The article tried to analyze professional-pedagogical activity of higher education teacher, professionalism of which is undergoing the increase of requirements. We noted that teachers have necessity to tackle society challenges and adequately react on innovative changes in order to keep competitiveness and high demand. Based on found transformative changes at technical universities, problematic aspects of readiness of higher education teacher to complete professional and pedagogical activity in conditions of innovations were analyzed. The necessity of forming new environment, changing professional behavior of teachers at higher technical education was noted based on research of professional-pedagogical activity of teacher. It is connected with strengthening the role of teacher not only as a knowledge medium, but as an agent of changes in education and interpreter of innovative tasks.
EXPERIENCE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION OF STUDENTS OF ORGMU OPHTHALMOLOGY DEPARTMENT IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC CONDITIONS
Authors:   Orenburg state medical university, Orenburg, Russia, Aprelev A.E. , Chuprov A.D. ,   Orenburg state medical university, Orenburg, Russia, Gorbunov A.A. ,   Orenburg state medical university, Orenburg, Russia, Astaf’ev I.V. ,   Orenburg state medical university, Orenburg, Russia, Kanyukova Yu.V. ,   Orenburg state medical university, Orenburg, Russia, Iserkepova A.M. ,   Orenburg state medical university, Orenburg, Russia, Kogan M.A. ,   Orenburg state medical university, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

The special epidemiological situation that arose in 2020 in connection with the spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 affected all spheres of human life, including the education system. The experience gained during the pandemic in the implementation of educational programs using distance technologies is unique in each university. The purpose of our study was to identify the attitude of students of ORGMU Department of Ophthalmology to distance learning. A survey of 439 students of 3-5 courses of medical, pediatric, dental and preventive medicine faculties of the Orenburg State Medical University was carried out. Among them: 122 boys (27.8%) and 317 girls (72.2%), the average age of the respondents was 20.4 years. The questionnaire consisted of 28 questions and included questions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, distance learning in self-isolation, the willingness of teachers to use modern information technologies, the level of personal computer skills and Internet skills. The students agreed on the advantages of distance learning: a low probability of contracting a coronavirus infection – 98%, the possibility of re-familiarization with the training material – 75%, restoration of the diet – 90%, individual learning rate – 73%, the use of modern teaching technologies – 41%. In addition, distance learning contributed to the development of self-discipline of students in preparation for classes and significantly increased the level of psychological comfort of students. With this type of training, a subjective assessment on the part of the teacher is excluded, since he does not take part in testing on the exam, but only processes the obtained results and puts marks in an electronic statement. Most students see this as the main advantage.
DEDUCTIVE-EMPIRICAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF MATHEMATICAL CYCLE DISCIPLINES IN NATURAL SCIENCE COURSE IN MATHCAD
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Gerasimenko S.A. , Pavlenko A.N. ,   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, the main trends in the reform of higher education naturally lead to a significant decrease of classes in the educational process, which negatively affects the study of the disciplines of the mathematical cycle due to their abstraction and often complexity of material presentation. Thus, there is a need to increase the effectiveness of contact work and to strengthen the role of independent study of students. One of the factors contributing to improving the effectiveness of contact work is the preliminary propedeutic independent study of the material when applying the empirical component of the deductive-empirical approach to teaching higher mathematics. The proposed new deductive-empirical approach to the organization of non-auditory independent work in the study of the disciplines of the mathematical cycle by students of natural sciences should include the following directions/stages: 1) providing historical information on the empirical approach to solve mathematical problems arising in solving natural science and technical problems, 2) experiments leading to the expediency of introducing new concepts and experiments illustrating definitions, 3) empirical justification of difficult-to-prove and not obviously feasible theorems, 4) application of experimental method to find numerical values of quantities, 5) use of the experimental method to illustrate and check the results of solving a problem, 6) monitoring the effectiveness of applying a deductive-empirical approach to teaching mathematics. To increase the efficiency of propedeutic independent study, it is necessary to use appropriate methodological support. And the last (depending on the section being studied), you can use interactive methodological guidelines integrated with applications written in various high-level languages, emulators of devices for conducting mathematical experiments, etc. Thus, students of natural sciences should study mathematical disciplines in the inextricable unity of the traditional deductive presentation of educational material with an empirical approach to learning with the wide use of interactive technologies.
MODERN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN SYSTEM OF ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION
Authors:   Leningrad Regional Institute for Education Development, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kuchurin V.V.
Published: December 2021

Currently, a promising direction for solving problems related to the modernization and transformation of the Russian school is the creation of a modern system of continuous professional development of teachers. To do this, it is necessary to clearly understand what changes are currently taking place in the field of additional professional pedagogical education as an essential component of the system of continuous professional development of teachers and what challenges should be met by regional institutions for advanced training and education development institutions. In this regard, the article examines and analyzes the most important trends in the development of additional professional pedagogical education on the basis of a systematic approach. The analysis showed that in the current situation, institutions of additional professional education are forced to respond to a number of new challenges related to (1) ensuring competitiveness and productive interaction with employers and direct consumers of educational services, (2) gradual centralization and unification of additional professional pedagogical education, ( 3) the need to develop adaptive, practice-oriented and flexible additional professional programs focused on the current model of a highly qualified specialist and (4) the creation of a modern motivating educational environment, including through organizing the activities of network “professional communities of practice” based on the use of information and communication technologies. Hence, the main conclusion is that institutions of additional professional pedagogical education should be transformed today into modern multifunctional centers that provide a variety of educational services, and the programs they implement should be transformed into complex block-modular constructs in which practice-oriented content is designed on the basis of micro– and nanomodular approaches, leading didactic scenarios, scientific and methodological infrastructure to support students in the learning process and in the post-course period, including “communities of practice” and “learning communities”, a methodology for assessing professional competencies, as well as possible career prospects and student requests.