bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ALTERNATIVE DISPUTES RESOLUTION (ADR) IN TAX AND CUSTOMS DISPUTES IN INDONESIA
Authors: ARDIANSYAH ARDIANSYAH
Published: March 2023

The implementation of Alternative Disputes Resolution (ADR) in customs disputes has not been carried out as the application of ADR in tax disputes in Indonesia has not been found. Is Indonesia deemed necessary to use ADR such as mediation as a settlement of tax and customs disputes. The research was conducted using a comparative approach to dispute resolution in the field of taxation in a number of countries. The results of the study conclude that it is possible for the parties involved in tax and customs disputes to resolve their disputes out of court by using mediation and negotiation facilities because the forms of settlement are very efficient and effective with practical, economical and uncomplicated procedures. The UK has been using mediation as an alternative to tax dispute resolution since 2011. Similar to Australia, the mediation process in the UK is facilitated to reach a mutual agreement through the help of a mediator. Strengthening the capacity of the Tax Court and the Tax Supervisory Committee as a tax ombudsman who participates in guaranteeing the rights of taxpayers. This strengthening is also accompanied by efforts to increase accountability and transparency. The role of the tax ombudsman in mediation has also been implemented in several countries, for example Prodecon in Mexico.
ANALISIS PUTUSAN TINDAK PIDANA PENGGELAPAN DENGAN STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN NOMOR 1011/PID.B/2017/PN.JKT.SEL DAN PUTUSAN KASASI NOMOR 250.K/PID/2018
Authors: Amiliyanti Ii amiliyanti , Warsifah Warsifah
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine how the judge's consideration in deciding the criminal case and the legal relationship. In the results of this study, the South Jakarta District Court Judge concluded that the case was not a criminal act but a case of competition in civil society based on a cooperation agreement between the two parties and It is proven that one of the parties committed a breach of promise (default). This research uses a normative juridical approach, namely by reviewing or analyzing secondary data in the form of secondary legal materials by understanding the law as a set of regulations or positive norms in the statutory system regulate human life. From the research conducted, the authors obtained the following results: The judge at the South Jakarta District Court concluded that the case was not a criminal act but a civil competition case based on a cooperation agreement between the two parties and it was proven that one of the parties had committed a breach of contract (default). Based on the level 1 verdict, namely the action was proven but it was decided to be free which was handed down by the Judge, it needed to be reviewed so that a legal action could be submitted to the cassation level so that it could provide legal certainty in accordance with the law
PERAN BALAI PEMASYARAKATAN DALAM MENJALANKAN FUNGSI PEMBIMBINGAN TERHADAP KLIEN PEMASYARAKATAN (Studi Pada Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas 1 Palembang)
Authors: Asmawati Hermi
Published: March 2023

Balai Pemasyarakatan is one part of the correctional system that focuses on the concept of mentoring clients which aims to return convicts who become inmates as good and responsible citizens so that later they can be accepted back into society. This study aims to see how the role of Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas 1 Palembang in carrying out the guidance function for Correctional Clients. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory regulation approach. The research results show that Correctional Centers have 4 main functions, namely social research, assistance, guidance, and client supervision both inside and outside the criminal justice process in the framework of social reintegration. However, there are several obstacles that result in supervision by Community Advisors on clients not running optimally, including a large background gap between social counselors and clients, the father's work area is very broad, the dual role of community counselors, limitations of science and technology from clients, negative habits of clients , as well as minimal synergy between law enforcers.
Efektifitas Program Pembinaan Narapidana Narkotika Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Narkotika Kelas IIA Jakarta
Authors: Tobing PL , Purbaningrum Purbaningrum
Published: March 2023

Permasalahan penyalahgunaan narkotika telah sejak lama melanda masyarakat Indonesia termasuk di wilayah hukum DKI Jakarta. Hal ini menjadi persoalan besar bagi pemerintah yang memerlukan perhatian serius disemua sektor terutama dalam segi penegakan hukumnya. Hakim sebagai lembaga pemutus harus dengan sungguh-sungguh membuat suatu putusan yang bersifat komprehensif, khususnya dalam sanksi pemidanaannya, agar nantinya penerapan sanksi pemidanaan yang bertujuan untuk melakukan rehabilitasi, pembinaan, dan bimbingan pada narapidana benar-benar dapat berjalan dengan efektif, sehingga permasalahan narkotika tersebut dapat ditanggulangi melalui sistem penghukuman dan pembinaan. Narapidana kasus narkotika merupakan narapidana yang patut menjadi perhatian untuk mendapatkan pembinaan yang optimal. Penelitian ini diharapkan  dapat menggambarkan secara rinci fenomena sosial yang menjadi pokok permasalahan tanpa melakukan suatu hipotesa dan perhitungan cara statistik. Pembinaan yang dilakukan di Lapas Kelas IIA Narkotika Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan program pembinaan narapidana narkotik di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIA Narkotika Jakarta terbilang cukup efektif. Dalam operasional hariannya Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Narkotika Kelas IIA Jakarta ini telah menerapkan sistem pengamanan ketat yang bersifat maximum security pada sistem penerimaan, penempatan, operasional penerimaan tamu dan kunjungan, penerapan sistem area yang steril, pengaman maksimum pada setiap kegiatan dan program warga binaan, penggunaan alat elektronik tercanggih, dan sistem penjagaan dan sumberdaya manusia staf Lapas yang terlatih dan berdisiplin tinggi agar dapat mencapai tujuan dari Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Narkotika Kelas IIA Jakarta.
HAK EKONOMI DAN SOSIAL PADA LANSIA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rochma Putri Ika Nanda , Afifah Wiwik
Published: March 2023

The increasing number of years of population growth in Indonesia is also accompanied by an increase in the number of elderly people or commonly referred to as elderly. Some of the factors that make the elderly population limited are mobility which makes it difficult for the elderly to be productive, unable to meet their needs and need help from others. The elderly cannot be separated from 3 things, namely poverty, neglect and protection. These three things are the main problems that every elderly will find the role of the community such as the existence of social assistance institutions and the formation of legislation and various social welfare programs that have begun to be seen being implemented in the community. However, the implementation is not always right on target, one of which is often found in the problem of social assistance, there are still many in some areas in Indonesia, especially remote areas where the elderly population lives alone without any family paying attention so that their social economic needs are limited. Therefore, the fulfillment of social economic rights for the elderly is very necessary considering that the elderly are a vulnerable group whose human rights must be protected.
ANALISIS SENGKETA MEREK DAGANG MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 20 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG MEREK DAN INDIKASI GEOGRAFIS ANTARA GS YUASA CORPORATION DENGAN PT GOLDEN SURYA JAYA (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN PENGADILAN NOMOR 24/PDT.SUS-MEREK/2019/PN NIAGA.JKT.PST)
Authors: Popiani Popiani , Chairunisa Irsad Agri
Published: March 2023

The study contains one of the example trademark disputes that occurred between GS Yuasa Corporation and PT Golden Surya Jaya which was contained in Court Decision Number 24/Pdt.Sus-Merek/2019/PN Niaga.Jkt.Pst., in the lawsuit the Plaintiff expressed an objection. on the GSJ brand on behalf of the Defendant used in the vehicle battery trade. In the thesis explain problems discussed are: how is the legal protection of registered trademarks in accordance with Law no. 20/2016 concerning Marks and how to assess the judge's consideration of Court Decision Number 24/Pdt.Sus-Merek/2019/PN Niaga.Jkt.Pst. fill with Law no. 20/2016 concerning Brands. The research method in this thesis is carried out through normative legal research which is carried out by collecting data through library data and as well as through juridical norms relating to aspects discussed at the Directorate General of Intellectual Property, and supported by Court Decision No. 24/Pdt.Sus-Merek/2019/PN Niaga.Jkt.Pst. The results of the study indicate that the regulation of trademarks is regulated in Law no. 20/2016. Legal protection is provided by the state only for the given mark. A person cannot be given legal protection when his mark is imitated by someone else, the mark has not been removed and the analysis of the decision and seen from the registration of the mark, namely the first to file registration carried out by the party who first registered the mark is considered the owner of the mark, then the decision is correct where the Judge ordered the Directorate General of Intellectual Property as a Co-Defendant to GSJ trademark registration No. IDM000597234 belongs to the Defendant. The judge is of the opinion that the GSJ mark with List No. IDM000597234 on behalf of the Defendant, in principle, has the same principle as the Plaintiff's GS mark which has been previously registered for similar goods.
PENODAAN AGAMA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 5 TAHUN 1969 TENTANG PENCEGAHAN, PENYALAHGUNAAN DAN ATAU PENODAAN AGAMA DI INDONESIA
Authors: - Septiayu Restu Wulandari , Riza Jovanly Ricky
Published: March 2023

Perlindungan hukum kebebasan beragama dimaksudkan untuk menjamin hak-hak dasar warga negara dalam persamaan perlakuan tanpa diskriminasi dalam rangka mewujudkan rasa keadilan bagi setiap warga negara. Dalam berbagai kasus penodaan agama, sering menjadi pemicu konflik atau permasalahan antara penganut agama, misalnya Aliran Jemaat Ahmadiyah telah melakukan penodaan agama terhadap agama Islam (SKB 3 MENTERI No. 3 Tahun 2008 Nomor KEP-033/A/JA/6/2008 Nomor 199 Tahun 2008). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian mengenai tindak penodaan agama Jemaat Ahmadiyah Indonesia berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Bersama 3 Menteri, Jemaat Ahmadiyah Indonesia dapat dipertanggungjawabkan sebagai pelaku tindak pidana apabila melanggar dari kententuan Surat Keputusan Bersama Menteri (pasal 2 UU No.5 tahun 1969) namun Jemaat Ahmdiyah tidak dapat dipertanggungjawabkan sebagai pelaku tindak penodaan agama apabila hanya menjalankan dan meyakini secara individu tanpa ada kegiatan menceritakan, menganjurkan, mengusahakan dukungan umum, melakukan penafsiran atau melakukan kegiatan -kegiatan keagamaan yang dianut di Indonesia secara dimuka umum Upaya hukum yang dilakukan agar tidak terjadinya tindak penodaan agam. Pemerintah melalui badan Administrasi Negara dan para pihak terkait dalam melaksanakan kewenangannya harus mengoptimalkan peran sebagai fasilitator, administrator, dan sebagai pengayom terhadap umat beragama, peran peran yang dilakukan adalah membina, melindungi dan mendidik dalam kehidupan beragama
PENERAPAN PROSEDUR TETAP NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2010 TENTANG PENANGULANGAN ANARKIS
Authors: Kadir Yusrianto , Marthen Moonti Roy , Kasim Ramdhan , Tumuhulawa Arifin , Bunga Marten
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Penerapan Prosedur Tetap Nomor 1 Tahun 2010 Tentang Penanggulangan Anarkis dan mengetahui Faktor yang menghabat Penerapan Prosedur Tetap  Nomor 1 Tahun 2010 Tentang Penanggulangan Anarkis. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalan penelitian normatif empiris. Penelitian hukum normatif empiris adalah penelitian hukum mengenai pemberlakuan ketentuan hukum normatif (kodifikasi, undang-undang) secara in action pada setiap peristiwa hukum tertentu yang terjadi dalam masyarakat. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa Penerapan prosedur tetap nomor 1 tahun 2010 tentang penanggulangan anarkis di satuan brimob polda gorontalo setelah melalui tahapan penelitian ditemukan bahwa ternyata masih kurang efektif karena masih terdapat beberapa aspek yang menjadi penghambat dalam rangka menunjang tugas dan fungsi dari satuan brimob dan factor  yang menghambat Penerapan Prosedur Tetap Nomor 1 Tahun 2010 Tentang Penanggulangan Anarkis Di Satuan Brimob Polda Gorontalo yaitu factor sumber daya manusia, factor sarana dan prasarana dan factor angggaran.
PEREGRINATION OF ARBITRATION IN INDONESIA: IS LAW NO. 30 OF 1999 A TRUE EVOLUTION OF ARBITRATION PRACTICE?
Authors: Joshua Manogar Gregory
Published: March 2023

Indonesia has recently become a favorite destination for investors and traders to do business, either investor or to trade. Indonesia as a soon to be one of business hubs in South East Asia Region has everything it needs to become not only a place to do business but also to settle business related dispute through arbitration, as Indonesia itself has ratified several important conventions such as the 1958 New York Convention and ICSID Convention, further Indonesia has already had an arbitration law which governs the whole procedure of conducting arbitration in Indonesia or enforce an award in Indonesia. This law is already more than 20 years old, which means Indonesia has gone through several economic dynamic and changes of business trends. Those changes, undeniably may affect the relevancy and effectiveness of Law No 30 of 1999 and therefore reveal the loopholes and irrelevancy of this law, such as the potential of denial of justice practice, arbitrator negligence which may result in an unenforceability of an arbitral award and unclear definition of public order, which shall be revised and repaired in the future amendment for the sake of legal certainty
BLACK CAMPAIGN MELALUI MEDIA ELEKTRONIK DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PEMILU
Authors: Thanzani Andrian , Aulia Dean Puspita Sari  , Linda Tri Yulia  , Fikri Sultoni
Published: March 2023

Dalam terselenggaranya pemilu, calon dari presiden dan wakil presiden beserta DPR dan DPD melakukan kampanye untuk mendapatkan dukungan dari masyarakat. Kegiatan kampanye tidak hanya dilakukan secara langsung dihadapan masyarakat tetapi bisa dilakukan dengan media elektronik salah satunya ialah media sosial. Kehadiran internet tentu membawa dampak positif dan negatif bagi dunia. Adanya internet menghadirkan berita politik secara langsung untuk ditujukan kepada masyarakat, seperti informasi mengenai black campaign atau kampanye hitam yang dilakukan tidak hanya oleh masyarakat umum tetapi juga dilakukan oleh elit politik. Pengertian kampanye pemilu menurut Pasal 1 angka 35 Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemilihan Umum disebutkan bahwa “kampanye Pemilu adalah kegiatan perserta pemilu atau pihak lain yang ditunjuk oleh peserta Pemilu untuk meyakinkan pemilih dengan menawarkan visi, misi, program, dan/atau citra diri peserta Pemilu”. Kampanye hitam (black campaign) dapat membahayakan bagi keutuhan bangsa dan negara. Penggunaan internet khususnya media sosial memang memberikan dampak positif kepada masyarakat, tetapi akan menimbulkan ancaman bagi ideologi bangsa apabila dipergunakan untuk sesuatu yang salah seperti kampanye hitam. Kampanye hitam yang dilakukan dalam media sosial meliputi perbuatan seperti penghinaan, fitnah, bullying sampai menyebarkan berita bohong atau biasa dikenal hoax di berbagai media sosial. Terdapat kampanye negatif dibolehkan karena info yang dikatakan berupa fakta yang telah diverifikasi meskipun bentuknya menyerang pihak lawan. Sebagai masyarakat haruslah paham mengenai kampanye yang baik dan buruk, meskipun dalam penerapannya sebagian masyarakat akan melakukan kampanye hitam sebagai bentuk dukungan kepada salah satu calon yang dipilih agar lawan kalah dalam pemilihan umum.
HUKUMAN TINDAK PIDANA PENCEMARAN NAMA BAIK MELELUI MEDSOS
Authors: Herdiana M Rifki
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk kejahatan yang berhubungan dengan teknologi. Dengan perkembangan teknologi dan kebebasan berpendapat akan berpotensi menjadi kejahatan cyber crime. Media social yang semakin berkembang dan mudah di akses ini membawa dampak positif dan kebaikan bagi setiap pihak terutama dalam berkomunikasi. Namun demikian, dampak negative nya pun dari perkembangan teknologi ini tidak dapat di pungkiri. Disamping itu juga ingin mengetahui pengaturan dan penegakan hukum mengenai cyber crime karna masi banyak orang yang belom tahu tentang kejahatan cyber crime bisa di pidana sesuai perundang-undang negara repupblik indonesia yaitu undang-undang No. 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Adapun metode yang penulis gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan penelitian yuridis normative dengan mengumpulkam bahan bahan pustaka yang terhimpun dalam data sekunder. Data sekunder di dapat dari berbagai macam sumber referensi seperti bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tesiter. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perkembangan teknologi memunculkan kejahatan cyber crime. Seperti misalnya menyebarkan dokumen-dokumen penting dan menyebarkan berita hoax. Dalam beberapa pasal dijelaskan mengenai kejahatan dengan menggunakan teknologi informasi berbasis internet yang di sambungkan melalui media social. Sistem pengaturan tindak pidana pencemaran nama baik melalui media sosial diatur di Pasal 310 dan 311 KUHP serat Pasal 27 ayat (3) Pasal 28 ayat (1) dan Pasal 36 UU ITE.Sanksinya diatur dalam Pasal 45 ayat (1) UU ITE yaitu Pidana Penjara paling lama 6 (enam) bulan dan/atau denda sebesar Rp.1.000.000.000, (satu miliar rupiah).
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TENTANG KLAUSULA BAKU DALAM PERATURAN SEKOLAH DITINJAU DARI HUKUM PERJANJIAN (Studi Kasus Nomor 1146/Pdt.G/2019/PN.Tng)
Authors: Kurniawan Fajar , Yasarman Yasarman
Published: March 2023

Sekolah adalah suatu satuan pendidikan yang menjadi wadah penyaluran fasilitas hak-hak dari siswa untuk mengenyam pendidikan yang bertujuan mengembangkan kemampuan dan membentuk watak serta peradaban bangsa yang bermartabat. Terdapat sebuah sekolah internasional yang status kepemilikannya dikuasai oleh instansi swasta. Sekolah tersebut adalah Sekolah Pelita Harapan dibawah naungan Yayasan Pendidikan Pelita Harapan, memiliki karakteristik pendidikan yang terstruktur dan berjenjang yang terdiri dari pendidikan dasar, pendidikan, menengah, dan pendidikan tinggi sebagaimana hal-hal tersebut merupakan karakteristik dari pendidikan formal. Ditemukan adanya klausula baku didalam peraturan sekolah yang dinilai tidak adil, mendorong penulis untuk membahas mengenai keabsahan klausula baku tersebut menurut hukum perjanjian dan apakah putusan Nomor 1146/Pdt.G/2019/PN.Tng sudah mempertimbangkan unsur keadilan? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Analisis keabsahan terhadap klausula baku dalam peraturan sekolah menurut hukum perjanjian adalah sah berdasarkan Pasal 1320 KUH Perdata, karena calon siswa dinilai telah memahami dan menyetujui klausula baku yang ada didalam peraturan sekolah tersebut dengan menandatanganinya. Dalam putusan pengadilan, majelis hakim menolak pengembalian dana yang sudah masuk ke sekolah berdasarkan klausula baku dalam peraturan sekolah tersebut. Maka putusan pengadilan tidak mempertimbangkan unsur keadilan sebagaimana teori keadilan yang dikemukakan oleh Aristoteles.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TERJADINYA KEJAHATAN SEKSUAL OLEH PELAKU ANAK
Authors: Asmawati Hermi
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze what factors can influence the occurrence of sexual crimes against children. This study uses a qualitative research method with a phenomenological descriptive approach, namely understanding a phenomenon related to the factors that influence the occurrence of sexual violence in adolescents. In this study, an analysis was carried out regarding the phenomenon using concepts and theories based on references that were relevant to the research theme, namely related to sexual crimes committed by children. The results of the study concluded that there were two factors that could influence the occurrence of sexual crimes by children as perpetrators, namely the group of intrinsic motivation factors including intelligence factors, age factors, gender factors, and factors of the child's position in the family and groups of intrinsic motivation factors including family factors and educational factors.
PENGENDALIAN PEREDARAN MINUMAN KERAS (MIRAS) OLEH PEMPROV DKI JAKARTA DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN GANGGUAN KEAMANAN, KETERTIBAN MASYARAKAT (KAMTIBMAS) DI DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Hadi Ramadhan Luqman , Laela Sofa
Published: March 2023

Berdasarkan Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health 2014, dari 241.000.000 orang penduduk Indonesia, prevalensi gangguan karena penggunaan alkohol adalah 0,8% dan prevalensi ketergantungan alkohol adalah 0,7%, yang berarti apabila angka tersebut dikalikan dengan jumlah penduduk Indonesia, maka sebanyak 1.928.000 orang penduduk Indonesia mengalami gangguan karena penggunaan alkohol dan sebanyak 1.180.900 orang penduduk Indonesia mengalami ketergantungan alkohol. Resiko mengkonsumsi minuman keras bukan hanya menimbulkan masalah kesehatan, namun juga berpotensi menimbulkan gangguan keamanan dan ketertiban masyarakat, khususnya di wilayah DKI Jakarta. Penyusunan Jurnal ini merumuskan permasalahan mengenai upaya yang dilakukan Pemprov DKI Jakarta dalam mengendalikan peredaran miras dan hambatan dalam pelaksanaannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis empiris. Adapun upaya yang dilakukan Pemprov DKI Jakarta dalam mengendalikan peredaran miras adalah melakukan razia terhadap peredaran miras illegal, melakukan penertiban terhadap penjual miras yang tidak sesuai dengan aturan, memberikan masukan kepada pemerintah untuk membuat peraturan yang lebih ketat dan menggalakkan sambang kepada masyarakat untuk menyampaikan himbauan agar menghindari pesta miras, serta mengeluarkan Perda Nomor 8 Tahun 2007 dan Peraturan Gubernur Provinsi DKI Jakarta Nomor 187 Tahun 2014. Dalam upaya pengendalian peredaran minuman keras, Pemprov DKI Jakarta mengalami beberapa hambatan, diantaranya sanksi atau hukuman yang dapat diberikan kepada penjual minuman keras illegal yang tidak memberikan efek jera karena belum adanya peraturan yang secara spesifik memberikan hukuman atau sanksi yang tegas dan kurangnya peran serta kesadaran masyarakat terhadap dampak negatif yang dapat ditimbulkan dari mengonsumsi minuman keras.
KEBIJAKAN PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA DALAM RANGKA PENANGGULANGAN PERJUDIAN ONLINE
Authors: Wirawan Jembar , Wahyudi Andri
Published: March 2023

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa kebijakan hukum pidana saat ini telah memadai dalam rangka menanggulangi perkembangan perjudian dan bagaimana kebijakan hukum pidana dalam menanggulangi perjudian di masa yang akan datang terutama dalam perjudian online Binomo. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian empiris, yaitu penelitian hukum yang menggunakan data lapangan sumber data utama, yaitu penelitian hukum yang menggunakan data lapangan sebagai sumber data utama, dan yang berfungsi untuk melihat bagaimana proses terjadinya dan proses bekerjanya hukum didalam masyarakat. Pelaku judi online tersebut dapat dipidana berdasarkan Pasal 27 ayat (2). Pasal 45 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Pada tahap aplikatif hakim tidak bebas untuk menentukan jenis-jenis sanksi pidana yang akan dikenakan terhadap pembuat tindak pidana perjudian. Hal ini disebabkan system minimum umum dan system maksimum umum yang di anut oleh KUHP, sehingga apapun jenis sanksi pidana yang tertuang dalam undang-undang harus diterapkan oleh hakim.
A REVIEW OF IDENTIFYING THE EXISTING PROBLEMS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN IRANIAN SCHOOLS
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammad , Najafi Toe Khoshke Giti
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this research was to review the identification of existing problems in sports lessons in schools in Iran. Sports are an essential part of the official curriculum of schools, so student sports is an efficient approach to increase the physical activity of students through sports programs, activities and events in a safe environment. In this research, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases were used to search for articles related to the vocabulary of problems, sports lessons, and Iranian schools. According to the results of the conducted researches, we conclude that the physical infrastructure, expert manpower, evaluation method, educational content, attitude towards evaluation and quality, and the problems of lack of sports lesson hours, lack of system for identifying, introducing and supporting talents School sports in the country's schools are among the problems that the relevant authorities should pay serious attention to.
UTILIZATION OF COURSE REFRESHER IN ASSESSING AND FACILITATING TEACHER-LEARNING (CRAFT) FOR PROFESSIONAL FACULTY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Mallillin Leovigildo Lito D.
Published: March 2023

The study aims to identify the utilization of course refresher in assessing and facilitating teacher-learning (CRAFT) for professional faculty development and analyses what makes utilization of course refresher in assessing and facilitating teacher-learning (CRAFT) becomes professional faculty development such as role, understanding, expectation, development of trust and respect, organizational and institutional development culture, and perspective faculty success. Mixed method is utilized in the study through Focus Group Discussion (FGD). It is a combination of quantitative and qualitative research. Likewise, purposive sampling is employed in the study. It is appropriate in collecting the sample population of the target population. It is subjective sampling, selective, and judgmental. The study comprised one hundred seventy-five (175) respondents only. Results show that utilization of course refresher in assessing and facilitating teacher-learning (CRAFT) for professional faculty development promote collaboration and decision making on dynamic converging issues requiring leadership setting, attention, and teamwork goal orientation in the school culture environment, roles, understanding, and expectation shows to build professional development of faculty benefit and ability for personal goals and potentials, development of trust and respect show to have socialization in education provided by the school organization behaviour process of individual employee faculty, organizational and institutional development culture show to promote and engage healthy behaviour in organizational and institutional development culture among faculty and staff to display high professional standards, and perspective faculty success shows to be responsible for academic output and achievement instruction guide task assignment of faculty success and responsibility to improve academic performance and support student success and experience in teaching and learning. Findings show that there is a significant relationship on the course refresher in assessing and facilitating teacher-learning (CRAFT) for professional faculty development as observed by the respondents.
EFFECT OF MOTOR IMAGİNATİON TRAİNİNG ON TENNİS SERVİCE HİT
Authors: Kaya Mustafa , Adıgüzel Niyazi  Sıdkı , Yoka Osman , Karakuş Seydi
Published: March 2023

In this study, it was aimed to reveal the effect of motor imagination training on the hit of the service in the tennis game. 32 male tennis players between the ages of 18-25 participated in the study in the field of tennis in Kayseri. After the first measurements of age, height, body weight and Dewitt-Dugan service and ITN Service test of the athletes, control (n=16) and experimental (n=16) groups were separated by random method. While 8-week technical training was applied to both groups, technical and imagination trainings were applied to the experimental group. At the end of eight weeks, the final test values were taken. The obtained data were analyzed in the IBM-SPSS 25 for Windows package program. In the analysis, the data showed normal distribution. Descriptive statistics were shown with arithmetic mean and standard deviation. As a statistical comparison test, analysis of variance was applied in repeated measurements to see the main effects and the changes in the data with significant interaction over time. In order to reveal the change of the groups over time in the variables whose group time interaction was significant, the Bonfferroni test was applied and the group and time changes were compared. The significance level was taken as p <0.05. In the comparisons between the experimental and control groups; According to the results of analysis of variance in repeated measurements of Dewitt-Dugan service test, no statistically significant difference was found in group main effect, time main effect and group time interaction (p>0.05). According to the results of analysis of variance in repeated measurements in ITN service test measurements, no statistical difference was found in the group main effect (F=0.208, p=0.655, η2=0.015), while the time main effect (F=26.034, p<0.001, η2=0.465) and group time interaction A significant difference was found (F=12.305, p=0.001, η2=0.291). As a result, it can be said that 8-week motor imagination training is effective in more complex motor skills such as the ITN s test, while there is no difference in the tests that do not include complex skills such as Dewitt-Dugan.
Morphological and structural-compositional features of the historical block development of St. Petersburg
Authors: Fedotova Galina Olegovna , Zhdanova Evgeniia Iurevna
Published: March 2023

The development of the historical center of St. Petersburg has special parameters and characteristics that form the uniqueness of the city as a whole and its individual fragments. At the moment, due to the emerging urban planning errors and violations, there is a need to clarify the strategy of urban planning regulation of the historical center in order to preserve the uniqueness, integrity and quality of its architectural and urban environment. In this regard, the task of moving to a detailed and comprehensive study of the parameters of fragments of the urban environment becomes urgent. The purpose of this study is to study the existing architectural and urban planning characteristics of the residential development of St. Petersburg. The object of research is the historical block within the boundaries of Moskovsky Prospekt, Klinsky Prospekt, Bronnitskaya Street, Zagorodny Prospekt. The subject of the study is morphological and structural-compositional features of the building. On the basis of the conducted historical, archival and bibliographic surveys and a full-scale survey, the enlarged stages of the formation of the block were identified and the main patterns of the construction of the front front were determined. The morphotype of the block is a perimeter building of the historical center of St. Petersburg of the XIX century with the inclusion of objects of the mid–XX century, with irregular surveying and an incomplete system of courtyard buildings. The nature of surveying and urban fabric, which developed mainly in the second half of the XIX – mid XX century, was influenced by the planning structure laid down in the XVIII century and the location of the block in the structure of the city. The compositional organization of the front along Moskovsky Prospekt is subject to uniform principles, which made it possible to form a high-quality urban environment. The front facades have fragmentary losses of decorative elements and structural violations at the ground floor level, which can be eliminated provided that the historical rules of formation and decorative and plastic design of buildings are observed.
Peculiarities of Development in the City of Changchun at the End of the 19th–the First Third of the 20th Centuries
Authors: Malykh Ekaterina Alekseevna , Kim Anton , Samsonovna Evgeniia Mikhailovna
Published: March 2023

This work is devoted to identifying and defining the features of the formation of the planning structure of the city of Changchun at the end of the 19th– first third of the 20th century, which in a relatively short time transformed from a small settlement into the capital of the pro-Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo. The object of the study is the urban development of the city of Changchun in the period under review. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the influence of Russian and Japanese architects on the development of the structure of the general plan of the city. In the course of the work, the main stages of the development of the planning structure of the city against the background of socio-cultural, economic and political changes affecting Manchuria are analyzed. The history of the settlement formation and its development within the framework of the traditional Chinese urban planning school based on the modular system and the formation of the "Chinese square" is briefly considered. The stage of Changchun's development as a Russian station of the Kuancheng is considered in more detail, where the city developed in accordance with the standard development of the 4th Class railway stations. The analysis of the Japanese period of development, characterized by a gradual increase in the status of the city, due to its nodal position, uniting the CER and the SMR. The stage of development of the urban planning structure as the capital of Manchukuo Xinjing was studied, when a comprehensive development plan was developed based on the latest developments of Japanese architects.
Legal Analysis of the Legal Personality of Artificial Intelligence, through the Prism of "Animals", "Human" and other Persons for the Stability of the Structure
Authors: Atabekov Atabek Rustamovich
Published: March 2023

The author explores the phenomenon of the legal personality of AI through the prisms of the constructions of the rights of animals, humans and certain types of persons. Theoretical and practical approaches to highlighting the legal personality of AI through the prism of a legal entity, animal, human are considered. Practical approaches are being studied on the conditions for the allocation of legal personality through the construction of Habeas Corpus, membership of the "board of directors", as well as the authorship of AI. The main legal structures for the implementation of this legal personality, the positions of the relevant authorities, as well as the stability of individual decisions at the level of consideration by the judiciary and compensatory legal measures that ensure the safe integration of AI into the sphere of public legal relations in Russia are determined. The subject of the study is the formalization of the actions of artificial intelligence as a separate subject of law in the private legal and public fields. The object of the study is regulatory documents, recommendations and other documents regulating the issues of distinguishing the legal personality of AI in Russia and foreign countries, academic publications on the issues under study. The research methodology integrates a complex of modern philosophical, general scientific, special scientific methods of cognition, including dialectical, systemic, structural-functional, hermeneutical, comparative legal, formal legal (dogmatic), etc. The measures proposed as a result of the study can be applied in the legislative and law enforcement practice of relevant authorities implementing the integration of artificial intelligence into the sphere of public and public relations in Russia.
The Suez Crisis in the US Foreign Policy Strategy in the Middle East: Risks and Prospects.
Authors: Kryzhko Lidiya Anatol'evna
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the US foreign policy during one of the most acute crises of the Cold War period. The issue of the Eisenhower administration's choice of a strategy of deterrence and non-interference in the military action of NATO allies is debatable and relevant as a historical experience in the development of geostrategic guidelines in the US foreign policy strategy. The purpose of the article is to identify the main risks and opening prospects for the United States in the choice of foreign policy strategy in the Middle East in the context of the development of the Suez crisis. The methodological basis of the study is the historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-typological methods. It has been established that the reasons that prompted the United States to form an appropriate strategy included geopolitical and economic motives: the desire to take a leading position in the Middle East, demonstrating an alternative to Great Britain and France; the desire to win the trust of Egypt, which has the potential of a leader in the region and military-strategic contacts with the USSR; readiness to join economic sanctions against Egypt with the potential to receive economic and political dividends and competitive advantages; preference to keep the possibility of balancing between the sides in the Arab-Israeli confrontation. The author comes to the conclusion that during the Suez crisis of 1956, the United States acted rationally, but in the conditions of the current moment.
Exhibition activity of the art crafts of the Msterskaya and Kholuyskaya lacquer miniatures in the 1930s.
Authors: Lavrov Dmitrii Evgen'evich
Published: March 2023

The subject of this study is the analysis of the exhibition activities of the Msterskaya and Kholuyskaya artels of lacquer miniature in the 1930s - the period of the origin and formation of these famous crafts of Russian folk culture. The purpose of this article is to show the beneficial role of the Soviet state in the development of folk art by the example of the participation of these crafts in Soviet and foreign exhibition projects. The author compares the events of the 1930s with the state of lacquer crafts in modern Russia and suggests using the Soviet experience of informational and organizational assistance to lacquer miniature crafts to overcome their current state of crisis. Using the method of comparative analysis, as well as the historical and systematic method of research, the author shows the success of the exhibition practices of the Msterskaya and Kholuiskaya artels in the 1930s, as well as the support provided to lacquer crafts by the state authorities of the USSR. The scientific novelty of the study consists in an attempt to overcome the prevailing view of the current crisis state of Russian lacquer crafts as a result of only insufficient "innovative" leadership on the ground. The author's position is that the reason for such a crisis state should be sought, first of all, in the general situation of the lack of real support for Russian lacquer crafts from the state, which is the main conclusion of the article.
The Role of ASEAN and Vietnam in Counter-Terrorism
Authors: Tran Zui Thanh , Ionov Egor Maksimovich
Published: March 2023

This study examines the role of Vietnam in the fight against terrorism. The study focuses on the activities of the Association of South-east Asian Nations (ASEAN) and its member VietNam in the area of counter-terrorism, radicalism and extremism. The authors examine in detail the legal framework of ASEAN’s counter-terrorism activities: the ASEAN Convention on Counter-Terrorism, the ASEAN Comprehensive Plan of Action on Counter-Terrorism, ASEAN plan of action to prevent and counter the rise of radicalisation and violent extremism (POA PCVE). Moreover, close attention is given to the activities of specialized bodies: ASEAN Ministerial Meetings on Transnational Crime (AMMTC), Senior Officials Meeting on Transnational Crime (SOMTC), ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), the Intersessional Meeting on Terrorism and Transnational Crime (ISM on CTTC). The main conclusions of the study are the establishment of activities of the Association of South-east Asian Nations (ASEAN) in the field of counter-terrorism, the definition of the role of Vietnam in the fight against terrorism, radicalism and extremism, Analysis of Viet Nam’s cooperation with various international organizations on counter-terrorism issues and identification of further necessary actions of Vietnam aimed at improving the fight against terrorism. The relevance of the study is due to the increased level of terrorist threat in the world and in the region of South-East Asia in particular. This study is based on the theory of political realism, which views international relations as an eternal confrontation between States defending their national interests. In the process of studying this problem, the authors apply institutional, analytical and problem-chronological methods.
State security of Israel: international and national legal aspects
Authors: Manin Iaroslav , Klimashina Aleksandra Evgen'evna
Published: March 2023

The object of the study is Israeli international and national legal relations to ensure the defense of the country and the security of the state, the subject is normative legal acts establishing the regime of protection of Israel from internal and external threats. The article discusses the international treaties of the State of Israel concerning weapons of mass destruction and the fight against terrorism, as well as Israeli documents on defense and security management. The authors pay attention to the genesis and evolution of the Israeli armed forces and special services, the peculiarities of their functioning. The institute of military duty and conscription for military service in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), current problems of the activities of the Mossad and AMAN intelligence services, as well as the general security service - Shin Bet (SHABAK) are considered in detail. The above practice of military administration in the State of Israel is relevant in the conditions of modern militarism. The researchers propose to use the Israeli experience of legislative regulation in the field of national defense and state security in the current Russian historical conditions. The scientific novelty of the work consists in presenting the reader with original information on the subject of the article, relevant conclusions and suggestions. The main ones are the conclusions about the presence of tactical nuclear weapons in Israel, its deliberate postponement of the application of international legal acts on weapons of mass destruction in order to develop them and deter opponents. It is proposed, by analogy with Israeli legislation, to deprive Russian citizenship for crimes against the foundations of the constitutional order and security of the Russian Federation, extremism and terrorism. The article substantiates the introduction of universal military duty for Russian citizens using, by analogy, the Israeli system of deferrals from military service. It is proposed to train ordinary and non-commissioned personnel of the domestic armed forces in working professions, as in Israel, and the official granting of unlimited powers to Russian intelligence abroad.
"Strict Care" as the Basis of Educational and Psychocorrective Activities in Russian Penitentiary
Authors: Bogachev Aleksei Mikhailovich , Lomonos Andrei Alekseevich , Bobrova Natal'ya Viktorovna
Published: March 2023

The article presents the adaptation of the pedagogical and psychological-pedagogical approach based on the idea of "strict care". The authors prove the thesis about the need to actualize in the mental reality of individuals who have committed crimes a sense of belonging (community) and creative attitudes (first of all, towards healthy parenthood) as a basis for awakening conscience as opposed to malignant guilt and shame. This feeling, in turn, turns to a transcendent function that manifests itself during the spiritual development of the individual and the acquisition of meaning. The authors also present the idea of developing a program for the upbringing and personal development of women convicted for the first time for crimes of small and medium gravity. It is assumed that the implementation of the developed program will become the basis for a series of empirical studies. The scientific novelty of the research is in the synthesis of the domestic approach to education based on the experience of Anton Makarenko and the concept of individual psychology and pedagogy by Alfred Adler, as well as an existential approach equally applicable both in the field of pedagogy and psychology. This kind of synthesis allows us to reach a practice-oriented methodology and appropriate methods in educational and educational-psychological work on rehabilitation and personal development of women convicted of minor crimes and convicted for the first time. In case of practical success of the implementation of the relevant program, it can be extrapolated both to other categories of convicts, and, in the future, to the pedagogical and psychological-pedagogical co-education of persons suffering from PTSD.
Analysis of the Linguistic Aspect of the Speech Portrait of a Modern English-speaking Blogger
Authors: Khabibullina Oksana Anatol'evna
Published: March 2023

In the study of an individual speech portrait, three aspects are distinguished: linguistic, social and behavioral. It is the linguistic aspect that is the subject of our study. The object of analysis in this study is the speech of the popular video blogger PewDiePie, blogger Nora Dunn and blogger ForReadingAddicts, the subject are the lexical and stylistic preferences of the speech of the English-speaking blogger. The speech behavior of a public linguistic personality is studied making possible to see the features of the personality's speech, hidden and explicit motives, communicative goals, and the features of communicative needs. A model for compiling a speech portrait is described and an analysis of the stylistic and lexical features of the speech of a modern English-speaking blogger is carried out on the example of the popular video blogger PewDiePie, blogger Nora Dunn and blogger ForReadingAddicts. As a result of the study, a model for compiling a speech portrait was described and the characteristic features of the speech of each of the analyzed bloggers were highlighted. The lexical and stylistic preferences of the analyzed personalities are revealed, the list of language means used by English-speaking bloggers is determined. These features are determined, first of all, by the target audience of each blog, the sphere of professional activity of the authors and, of course, the characteristic features of each personality, the level of general erudition and its social environment. A detailed analysis of the speech portrait is based on specific language levels: phonetic, lexical, stylistic. This analysis of the features is a characteristic of different levels of realization of a linguistic personality.