bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Karl Schellbach (1804–1892) und seine Beiträge zu Mathematik, Lehrerbildung und Wissenschaftspolitik
Authors: Ullrich Peter
Published: March 2021

Even though Karl Schellbach remained a high school teacher throughout his life, he left traces in mathematics, especially in the training of mathematics teachers and in science policy. Generally, he is known as teacher of Eisenstein, Hensel, and Prince Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia, later Emperor Friedrich III, but above all as head of the “Mathematisch-pädagogische Seminar” in Berlin, which prominent mathematicians visited to prepare for school service. Schellbach published numerous journal articles and books on mathematics, both on didactics and on research topics current at his times. From 1857 to 1880 he was co-editor of the “Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik” on the same level as Kronecker, Kummer, and Weierstrass. In the exercises from the “Mathematisch-pädagogische Seminar” one finds the method to determine local extrema without differential calculus which Schellbach had developed in order to circumvent the prohibition of infinitesimal calculus by the Prussian Ministry of Education in 1829. Generally, he campaigned against the repression of mathematics. In this regard, he acted as talented pedagogue and book author but was only able to influence the structures of the educational system to a limited extent. However, Schellbach could use his relation to Prince Friedrich Wilhelm in order to promote mathematics and natural sciences. Memoranda to the Prince, in which Schellbach was involved, led to the establishment of the Astrophysical Observatory in Potsdam in 1874 and the “Physikalisch-technische Reichsanstalt” in 1883. Also the first foundation of a polytechnic school in Prussia, today’s RWTH Aachen, was influenced by him since it was initiated by the Prince. Schellbach also worked in the background when the “Königlich Technische Hochschule Charlottenburg” was founded in 1879, today’s TU Berlin. Keywords Karl Schellbach; training of mathematics teachers; determination of local extrema; polytechnic institute
Zur Geschichte der finiten Differenzen
Authors: Meyer-Spasche Rita
Published: March 2021

Since the time of the Romans finite differences were used to simplify computations in many ways; after the 17th century for instance for localizing zeroes of functions, approximating definite integrals or producing numerical tables. Up to 1900 they were used very rarely for solving differential equations numerically. After 1900, when the importance of differential equations grew dramatically, finite differences became one of the main tools for solving them. This article focusses on the state of knowledge and skills about the theory of finite differences on the eve of this change. It relies strongly on the article by D. Selivanov in the encyclopaedia because it provides the needed overview. Keywords: calculus of finite differences; state of knowledge around 1900; Demetrius Seliwanoff; encyclopaedia of the mathematical sciences and their applications, vol 1 (1904);
The impact of tax policy on the implementation of the regulatory function of tax law
Authors: Kobylnik Dmytro
Published: March 2021

Problem setting. The social value, role and purpose of tax law are revealed in its functions as the main directions of its impact on public life. At the same time, the value potential of law is revealed by both general social and special legal functions. It is obvious that the implementation of the regulatory function of law is influenced by a number of factors, among which tax policy is important. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to characterize the impact of tax policy on the implementation of the regulatory function of tax law. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Note that the question of the functions of tax law, tax policy and their interaction is not entirely new to the science of tax law, because to some extent to their consideration resorted to O. S. Yemelyanov, А. А. Kovalenko, M. P. Kucheryavenko, Yu. L. Smirnikova, V. V. Chaika and others. However, so far it is impossible to say that they have received a proper scientific analysis, as financial scientists have not resorted to a comprehensive examination of them, and conducted a fragmentary study. Thus, the purpose of the article is to consider the impact of tax policy on the implementation of the regulatory function of tax law. Article`s main body. The article focuses on clarifying the impact of tax policy on the implementation of the regulatory function of tax law in modern conditions. The presence of a corresponding dialectical relationship between tax and legal regulation and tax policy is emphasized, which is reflected in two planes: (1) through the definition of goals, objectives, results of tax policy, the directions of regulation of tax relations, its subject matter, limits and methods are determined, by which rules of conduct are established for subjects of tax relations, that is, we are talking about the impact on lawmaking activities in the field of taxation, the implementation of the regulatory function of tax law; (2) by determining the quality and effectiveness of tax legislation, the extent to which the tax policy has been implemented is assessed. Conclusions and prospects for the development. As we have shown, tax policy has its own meaning, it is organically linked to tax law, which by implementing the regulatory function implements the vectors indicated by the policy. Given the profound transformation of public relations that has taken place in our country in recent years, tax policy should be given a special role as a strong foundation for ensuring the effectiveness of tax and legal regulation.
The Inner Life of An Experienced Meditator: From Shopping Lists to Awakening
Authors: FORSTER Peter M.
Published: March 2021

This article addresses the little-studied area of the subjective experience of meditation through the analysis of the daily meditation diary of an experienced meditator over 2 months during the covid-19 lockdown in England in early 2020. The participant, who began meditating over 40 years ago, practised an open monitoring style of meditation for 90 minutes every day followed by 30-minutes of reflecting and writing notes on the experience. The meditation time included 60 minutes of ambient sounds and 30 minutes of binaural audio. The main and overarching themes in these diaries were identified by thematic analysis. Overarching themes were ‘What is meditation’ and ‘Something feels different! Changes in sensations or feelings while meditating’. One stand-alone theme was identified, ‘Unusual or altered states of consciousness’. The Buddhist concept of jhanas may provide a framework for understanding such experiences. These themes were discussed for the insights they provide into the meditation process.
Stellar Collapse Diversity and the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
Authors: Kresse Daniel , Ertl Thomas , Janka Hans-Thomas
Published: March 2021

The diffuse cosmic supernova neutrino background (DSNB) is an observational target of the gadolinium-loaded Super-Kamiokande (SK) detector and the forthcoming JUNO and Hyper-Kamiokande detectors. Current predictions are hampered by our still incomplete understanding of the supernova (SN) explosion mechanism and of the neutron star (NS) equation of state and maximum mass. In our comprehensive study we revisit this problem on grounds of the landscapes of successful and failed SN explosions obtained by Sukhbold et al. and Ertl et al. with parameterized one-dimensional neutrino engines for large sets of single-star and helium-star progenitors, with the latter serving as a proxy for binary evolution effects. Besides considering engines of different strengths, leading to different fractions of failed SNe with black hole (BH) formation, we also vary the NS mass limit and the spectral shape of the neutrino emission and include contributions from poorly understood alternative NS formation channels, such as accretion-induced and merger-induced collapse events. Since the neutrino signals of our large model sets are approximate, we calibrate the associated degrees of freedom by using state-of-the-art simulations of proto-NS cooling. Our predictions are higher than other recent ones because of a large fraction of failed SNe with long delay to BH formation. Our best-guess model predicts a DSNB

-flux of

cm−2 s−1 with

cm−2 s−1 in the favorable measurement interval of [10, 30] MeV and

cm−2 s−1 with

energies > 17.3 MeV, which is roughly a factor of two below the current SK limit. The uncertainty range is dominated by the still insufficiently constrained cosmic rate of stellar core-collapse events.
A Jet-bases Emission Model of the EHT2017 Image of M87*
Authors: Kawashima Tomohisa , Toma Kenji , Kino Motoki , Akiyama Kazunori , Nakamura Masanori , Moriyama Kotaro
Published: March 2021

We carry out general relativistic ray-tracing radiative-transfer calculations to study whether a localized emission from plasma rings created at the stagnation surface in the jet funnel, to which we refer as stagnation rings, can explain the ring image of M87* observed by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) 2017. The resultant images consist of the direct image of the stagnation rings and the ring images formed via the strong deflection by the black hole (BH) gravity, to which we refer as quasi photon-ring. For the model with the BH spin a
* = 0.99, the direct image of the counter-jet and quasi photon-ring are almost coincident to the photon ring with diameter ∼ 40 μas, while the approaching jet shows the small ring image inside them. The synthetic observation image assumes that the EHT2017 array is consistent with that observed in M87*, because the array is a bit sparse to detect the inner ring image. This indicates that the ring image in M87* may contain the important feature of the jet bases in addition to the photon ring. We find that forthcoming EHT observations can resolve the stagnation ring image and may enable us to explore the plasma-injection mechanism in the jet funnel.
Sunspot Observations at the Eimmart Observatory and in Its Neighborhood during the Late Maunder Minimum (1681–1718)
Authors: Hayakawa Hisashi , Kuroyanagi Chiaki , Carrasco Víctor M. S. , Uneme Shoma , Besser Bruno P. , Sôma Mitsuru , Imada Shinsuke
Published: March 2021

The Maunder Minimum (1645–1715; hereafter MM) is generally considered as the only grand minimum in the chronological coverage of telescopic sunspot observations. Characterized by scarce sunspot occurrences and their asymmetric concentrations in the southern solar hemisphere, the MM has frequently been associated with a special state of solar dynamo activity. As such, it is important to analyze contemporary observational records and improve our understanding of this peculiar interval, whereas the original records are frequently preserved in historical archives and can be difficult to access. In this study, we consult historical archives in the National Library of Russia, St. Petersburg, and analyze a series of sunspot observations conducted at the Eimmart Observatory from 1681 to 1709, which is the second-richest sunspot data set produced during the MM, following La Hire's series, among existing data sets. We have further extended our analyses to neighboring observations to extend our investigations up to 1718. We first analyze source documents and descriptions of observational instruments. Our analyses have significantly revised the existing data set, removed contaminations, and updated and labeled them as Eimmart Observatory (78 days), Altdorf Observatory (4 days), Hoffmann (22 days), and Wideburg (25 days). The revisions have updated the temporal coverage of the contemporary sunspot observations from 73.4% to 66.9% from 1677 to 1709. We have also derived the positions of the observed sunspot groups in comparison with contemporary observations. Our results indicate hemispheric asymmetry in the MM and recovery of sunspot groups in both hemispheres after 1716, supporting the common paradigm of the MM.
X-Ray Pulsar XTE J1858+034: Discovery of the Cyclotron Line and the Revised Optical Identification
Authors: Tsygankov Sergey S. , Lutovinov Alexander A. , Molkov Sergey V. , Djupvik Anlaug A. , Karasev Dmitri I. , Doroshenko Victor , Mushtukov Alexander A. , Malacaria Christian , Kretschmar Peter , Poutanen Juri
Published: March 2021

We present the results of a detailed investigation of the poorly studied X-ray pulsar (XRP) XTE J1858+034 based on the data obtained with the NuSTAR observatory during the outburst of the source in 2019. The spectral analysis resulted in the discovery of a cyclotron absorption feature in the source spectrum at ∼48 keV in both the pulse phase-averaged and resolved spectra. Accurate X-ray localization of the source using the NuSTAR and Chandra observatories allowed us to accurately determine the position of the X-ray source and identify the optical companion of the pulsar. The analysis of the counterpart properties suggested that the system is likely a symbiotic binary hosting an XRP and a late-type companion star of the K-M classes rather than a Be X-ray binary as previously suggested.
Spectroscopic Monitoring of the Candidate Tidal Disruption Event in F01004–2237
Authors: Cannizzaro Giacomo , Jonker Peter G. , Mata-Sánchez D.
Published: March 2021

We present results of spectroscopic monitoring observations of the ultraluminous infrared galaxy F01004−2237. This galaxy was observed to undergo changes in its optical spectrum, detected by comparing a spectrum from 2015 with one from 2000. These changes were coincident with photometric brightening. The main changes detected in the optical spectrum are enhanced He ii
λ4686 emission and the appearance of He i
λ3898,λ5876 emission lines. The favored interpretation of these changes was that of a tidal disruption event (TDE) happening in 2010. However, subsequent work suggested that these changes are caused by another hitherto unknown effect related to variations in the accretion rate in the active galactic nucleus (AGN). Our optical spectroscopic monitoring observations show that the evolution of the He lines is in line with the evolution seen in TDEs and opposite of what is observed from reverberation-mapping studies of AGNs, renewing the discussion of the interpretation of the flare as a TDE.
Data-driven MHD Simulation of Successive Solar Plasma Eruptions
Authors: Kaneko Takafumi , Park Sung-Hong , Kusano Kanya
Published: March 2021

Solar flares and plasma eruptions are sudden releases of magnetic energy stored in the plasma atmosphere. To understand the physical mechanisms governing their occurrences, three-dimensional magnetic fields from the photosphere up to the corona must be studied. The solar photospheric magnetic fields are observable, whereas the coronal magnetic fields cannot be measured. One method for inferring coronal magnetic fields is performing data-driven simulations, which involves time-series observational data of the photospheric magnetic fields with the bottom boundary of magnetohydrodynamic simulations. We developed a data-driven method in which temporal evolutions of the observational vector magnetic field can be reproduced at the bottom boundary in the simulation by introducing an inverted velocity field. This velocity field is obtained by inversely solving the induction equation and applying an appropriate gauge transformation. Using this method, we performed a data-driven simulation of successive small eruptions observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory and the Solar Magnetic Activity Telescope in 2017 November. The simulation well reproduced the converging motion between opposite-polarity magnetic patches, demonstrating successive formation and eruptions of helical flux ropes.
Addition of 96 lichen species to the state of Odisha from Similipal Biosphere Reserve
Authors: Satapathy Kunja , Pradhan Srimay , Upreti Dalip Kumar
Published: March 2021

A total of 96 species of lichens taxa belonging to 45 genera and 20 families are enumerated from Similipal Biosphere Reserve, in Mayurbhanj district as an addition to the lichen biota of Odisha, India. Most of the crustose lichen taxa usually growing as epiphytes on different phorophytes of the biosphere reserve exhibit their dominance. Among crustose lichens the members of family Graphidaceae with 26 species of 14 genera shown their maximum dominance. Together with Graphidaceae the lichen genus Pyrenula represented by 15 species found growing luxuriantly on smooth barked trees of the biosphere reserve. The dominant trees in the biosphere such as Shorea robusta Gaertn. followed by Mangifera indica L., Simarouba glauca DC. and Madhuca longifolia (L.) J. F. Macbr., provided suitable habitat for a number of lichen taxa to colonize. The south-west (SW) region of Similipal Biosphere Reserve exhibits the maximum additions of lichens, followed by north-west (NW), north-east (NE) and south-east (SE) respectively.
Sponge-dwelling fauna: a review of known species from the Northwest Tropical Atlantic coral reefs
Authors: Pérez-Botello Antar , Simões Nuno
Published: March 2021

Within tropical shallow-water coral reefs, marine sponges provide microhabitats for a wide range of fauna. Although there have been numerous studies and reports of symbiotic relationships amongst sponges and their associated fauna, those pieces of information are isolated and disconnected. For this reason, based on the available literature, we compiled a species-interaction dataset of coral reef marine sponge-associated fauna known to date.

We introduce a dataset that includes 67 literature items that report 101 species of sponge hosts clustered in 12 Orders having a host/guest interaction with 284 guest species from six Phyla present in the Northwestern Tropical Atlantic coral reefs. This dataset consists of two types of information: 1. Machine-readable data and 2. Human-readable data. These two types of coding improve the scope of the dataset and facilitate the link between machine platforms and human-friendly displays. We also created an interactive visualisation of the species-interactions dataset and of a dynamic Chord Diagram of the host-guest species connections to generate a user-friendly link between the user and the dataset.
Report of the Skin Research Working Groups From the GRAPPA 2020 Annual Meeting
Authors: Perez-Chada Lourdes M. , Kohn Alison , Gottlieb Alice B. , Armstrong April W. , Eder Lihi , Mease Philip J. , Ogdie Alexis , Strand Vibeke , Merola Joseph F.
Published: March 2021

At the 2020 annual meeting of the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA), the International Dermatology Outcome Measures (IDEOM) Initiative Psoriasis (PsO) Working Group presented an update on its work to agree on meaningful, valid, and feasible outcome measures for PsO randomized controlled trials and longitudinal observational studies. The Treatment Satisfaction Working Group presented the development of a treatment satisfaction instrument to be utilized in PsO clinical trials. The Musculoskeletal Symptoms Working Group presented an overview of their work conducted to date to define how to best measure musculoskeletal symptoms in PsO clinical studies, and discussed next steps during an open-panel discussion, which included PsO and psoriatic arthritis experts.
Pustular Psoriasis and Associated Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Callis Duffin Kristina , Bachelez Hervé , Mease Philip J. , Rosen Cheryl , Garg Amit , Zudak Eric , Elkayam Ori , Merola Joseph , Chau Jeffrey , Kishimoto Mitsumasa , Furer Victoria , Helliwell Philip S.
Published: March 2021

Pustular psoriasis (PsO) is an uncommon variant of PsO that may present in a generalized or localized fashion with or without musculoskeletal or systemic inflammatory involvement. Generalized pustular PsO (GPP) presents as a widespread acute or subacute pustular eruption that may be familial and is often associated with severe flares and systemic inflammation. The palmoplantar pustulosis variant is localized to palms and soles, whereas acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau is localized to the nail apparatus. Patients with pustular PsO may have overlapping plaque PsO and may develop psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Pustulosis is also a feature of both synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteomyelitis (SAPHO) syndrome and chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis. At the 2020 Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) annual meeting, members were given an overview of the cutaneous features of pustular PsO, SAPHO, and recent insights into the genetics of GPP, leading to new targeted drug therapies and the development of validated endpoints.
Science sans confiance
Authors: Riquier Camille
Published: March 2021

À l’occasion de la crise sanitaire, l’institution scientifique a donné à voir, sur la place publique, des divisions entre certains de ses plus éminents représentants, contribuant à provoquer une vague de défiance au sein de la population. On peut s’essayer en retour à une critique, non pas des disciplines scientifiques, mais de La Science lorsqu’elle est érigée en parole d’Évangile.
Accepter l’incertain ?
Authors: Eslin Jean-Claude
Published: March 2021

L’épidémie de coronavirus nous contraint à éprouver l’incertain de nos existences comme une dégradation provisoire. Ne faut-il pas plutôt, sur un mode pascalien, y voir notre condition même ? C’est ce que propose la pensée complexe d’Edgar Morin, consciente des liens entre les choses.
La chapelle de la rue Blomet
Authors: Le Brun Jacques
Published: March 2021

Le dernier ouvrage de Jacques Lebrun, La chapelle de la rue Blomet , relate une expérience inaugurale, initiatrice d’une trajectoire intellectuelle singulière. En voici les premières pages.
Des textes bilingues pour favoriser l’engagement parental en milieu allophone
Authors: Dejaegher Charlotte , Rappe Jonathan , Schillings Patricia
Published: March 2021

Alors qu’il devrait être une force (Cummins, 1976, 2001), le bilinguisme des élèves immigrés semble plutôt constituer une faiblesse sur le plan scolaire, même sous contrôle du niveau socio-économique des élèves (Jacobs et Rea, 2011). À la suite de plusieurs projets de valorisation des langues et cultures d’origine à travers le monde (Hirst et al. , 2010 ; Hope, 2011 ; Iddings, 2009 ; Masny, 2008), nous avons mis en œuvre un dispositif expérimental qui consiste à donner aux parents d’élèves allophones de deuxième année primaire la traduction en langue maternelle des textes travaillés en classe. Sur la base d’une quantification des moments de lecture à domicile offerts par les parents à leur enfant via des questionnaires, cette recherche montre que proposer ces textes bilingues aux parents d’élèves allophones, faire un premier pas vers eux, a un effet positif sur l’engagement de ces parents.
Éducation bilingue pour les enfants sourds : une coresponsabilité école-famille
Authors: Toso Cappellini Michele , Souza Joyce Cristina , Ferreira dos Santos Lara , Broglia Feitosa de Lacerda Cristina
Published: March 2021

À partir d’une étude de la littérature, cet article discute la coresponsabilité de l’école et de la famille pour la formation bilingue des enfants sourds, intégrant la langue des signes, dans le contexte éducatif brésilien. En ce sens, l’acquisition et le développement de la langue traversent cette discussion, notamment en ce qui a trait au comment, où et quand ce processus se produit dans la vie de l’enfant sourd. Étant donné les conditions de ces enfants au début de leur scolarité, l’éducation joue un rôle important pour leur développement non seulement sur le plan des apprentissages et de la socialisation, mais aussi sur le plan linguistique. Qui plus est, l’implication de la famille dans ce processus d’apprentissage de la langue des signes s’avère fondamentale.
L’éducation inclusive à l’épreuve du décès parental : adaptation et poursuite de la scolarité chez des enfants orphelins
Authors: Clerc Jérôme , Julier-Costes Martin , Fawer Caputo Christine , Desombre Caroline
Published: March 2021

Différentes études ont montré que la situation d’orphelinage génère chez les élèves un certain nombre de difficultés d’ordre cognitif, social et affectif. Ces difficultés devraient amener les enseignants à proposer des aménagements didactiques, pédagogiques et éducatifs en réponse aux besoins des élèves orphelins, dans une perspective pleine et entière d’éducation inclusive. Pour apporter des réponses adéquates, nous proposons d’identifier d’une part, les besoins exprimés par les enfants orphelins eux-mêmes et d’autre part, les besoins des enseignants. Pour ce faire, nous nous appuyons sur différentes enquêtes à destination d’enfants orphelins ou d’orphelins devenus adultes, ainsi que sur des entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès d’enseignants. Les résultats de ces analyses montrent l’importance de proposer des espaces de parole aux élèves orphelins sans injonction à parler ; le bénéfice que peuvent tirer les orphelins de temps d’errance intellectuelle ; ainsi que la nécessité de former, informer et sensibiliser les enseignants afin de les soutenir dans l’accompagnement d’enfants orphelins dans une démarche écosystémique.
La gestion de classe sous le prisme des perceptions des élèves avec difficultés comportementales : une recension des écrits
Authors: Bernier Vincent , Gaudreau Nancy , Massé Line
Published: March 2021

La scolarisation des élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales et émotionnelles (PDC) représente un défi de taille pour plusieurs systèmes éducatifs ayant pris un virage inclusif dans les dernières années. Souvent exclus de la classe ordinaire, ces élèves sont nombreux à témoigner d’un vécu plus négatif que leurs pairs à l’école. D’ailleurs, la nature et l’intensité des problèmes comportementaux des élèves PDC les amènent à être confrontés à toute une diversité de pratiques de gestion de classe, à propos desquelles ils ont un point de vue fort pertinent, mais relativement peu écouté, concernant ce qui fonctionne (ou pas). Cet article vise donc à présenter les résultats d’une recension des écrits sur les perceptions des élèves PDC vis-à-vis des pratiques de gestion de classe des enseignants.
Appréhender le processus de participation sociale dans une association de santé mentale : ethnographie de la structure Groupes d’entraide mutuelle
Authors: Valran Marielle
Published: March 2021

Cet article prend appui sur les résultats d’une recherche doctorale visant à définir les conditions de la participation sociale au sein des Groupes d’entraide mutuelle (GEM) et à mesurer l’implication du point de vue des personnes et du collectif. L’exploration du concept de participation sociale nous amène à l’envisager comme un processus conduisant une personne à s’engager dans un dispositif et le degré d’implication qui en résulte. Partant, nous proposons un modèle théorique du processus et des résultats de la participation sociale, que nous confrontons au terrain par une enquête ethnographique au sein des GEM. L’interprétation des données nous conduit à envisager le processus individuel de participation sociale comme une expérience alors que, au niveau collectif, il réfère à une publicisation d’un ensemble de problèmes et de points de vue, transformant chacun des acteurs. En termes de résultats, nous distinguons trois niveaux de participation sociale et retenons la production de différents types d’expertises, que nous caractérisons. In fine, nous amendons les propositions théoriques initiales et présentons un modèle transactionnel du processus et des résultats de la participation sociale.
L’association La Nouvelle Forge à l’épreuve du confinement
Authors: Paparelle Valérie , Durand Bernard
Published: March 2021

L’Oise a été le premier département touché gravement par la crise sanitaire avec l’apparition de clusters importants et le premier décès, dû à l’épidémie de Covid-19, d’un professeur de collège. La situation qui a connu une aggravation rapide, a nécessité, dès la fin février, des mesures immédiates et drastiques ayant conduit à la fermeture des établissements scolaires et des établissements médico-sociaux pour enfants et adolescents, dans « les villes clusters » dans un premier temps, puis ensuite sur l’ensemble du département. Les CMP, hôpitaux de jours autorisés en psychiatrie infanto-juvénile, les CMPP, ont eux aussi été fermés à l’accueil du public. 15 jours plus tard, la France entière entrait dans une période de confinement généralisé. Les structures ambulatoires pour adultes ont alors aussi été fermées : les CMP, CATTP, les accueils de jour, les ESAT ainsi que les Groupes d’entraide mutuelle. Ayant conscience de l’impact d’une telle mesure pour les personnes, vivant avec des troubles psychiques et/ou en situation de handicap et leur famille, La Nouvelle Forge qui gère un secteur de psychiatrie infanto-juvénile et de nombreux établissements et services médico-sociaux a mis en œuvre une nouvelle organisation à l'échelle de l’ensemble de l'association. Les équipes de la Nouvelle Forge volontaires se sont immédiatement mobilisées pour construire des réponses de proximité en soutien aux personnes les plus vulnérables. Ces réponses ont été effectives pendant toute la période de confinement jusqu‘au début de l’été.
Troubles bipolaires et Covid 19
Authors: Labbé Annie , Brière Jean-Luc
Published: March 2021

Témoignage d’une responsable associative. Les missions de son association se sont vu chamboulées par l’arrivée de la pandémie qui a particulièrement fragilisé et stressé les personnes accompagnées habituellement. Ici aussi, des adaptations ont été nécessaires afin de continuer à répondre, mais d’une autre façon, aux attentes des adhérents.
Vraie et fausse libération sexuelle
Authors: Richard François
Published: March 2021

La « libération » sexuelle contemporaine correspond en fait à une conflictualité psychosexuelle classique entremêlée à des perturbations nouvelles. En ce sens, elle serait à la fois vraie et fausse. On y trouve un dérèglement de la pulsion, de sa source à l’objet en passant par sa poussée et son but et une tendance au clivage entre la morale sexuelle toujours plus civilisée et un morcellement pervers, jusqu’à un néo-puritanisme. Cette liberté biaisée n’abolit pas le déterminisme ni le hasard selon Darwin : les finalités de la « nature » peuvent utiliser l’évolution des sexualités et de la parenté. La notion de perversion se dilue-t‑elle dans le polyérotisme narcissique contemporain ? Le cas clinique de Nadia permet d’analyser le passage de conduites d’allure perverse vers une subjectivation de l’histoire infantile adolescente puis vers une rencontre amoureuse – grâce à une articulation spécifique entre un transfert œdipien et un contre-transfert interrogé par le féminin.
La visite de Jacques Lacan au Liban
Authors: Khoury Maurice , Osseiran Mouzayan
Published: March 2021

La visite de Jacques Lacan au Liban en 1973 survint deux mois après le drame de la perte de sa fille Caroline dans un accident de voiture. Adnan Houbballah, l’un des pionniers de la psychanalyse libanaise organise ce périple qui condense visites archéologiques, découvertes, moments de loisir et rencontres avec politiciens, philosophes et hommes de lettres. Il donne à voir également l’homme, le geignard, le capricieux, le touriste et bien évidemment, l’ami, le curieux, le déterminé, le penseur et le théoricien de 72 ans qui avait déjà élaboré l’essentiel de sa pensée. Parallèlement, un débat avec intellectuels et spécialistes de la santé mentale au Liban donne lieu à un échange qui résume ses hypothèses sur le langage, l’affect, la femme, la psychosomatique et la psychiatrie. La rencontre avec un Liban millénaire donne lieu à des réflexions singulières entre Lacan et l’analyste libanais, réflexions que les auteurs de cet article tentent de restituer.
Entre hôpitaux et auberges. L’accueil du voyageur en Cévennes à la fin du Moyen Âge
Authors: Brechon Franck
Published: March 2021

Le sud-est du Massif central est traversé par un réseau de routes importantes qui relient les hautes terres montagneuses aux plaines périphériques. Dès le xii e  siècle au moins, plusieurs trafics s’y cumulent, notamment pérégrinants et commerciaux. Alors que plusieurs espaces d’altitude peu peuplés et au climat rigoureux imposent des contraintes de circulation fortes, l’accueil du voyageur est essentiel au bon fonctionnement de la route. Dans ce contexte, un semis d’hôpitaux de diverses natures se développe, auquel les principaux établissements monastiques régionaux contribuent peu, ou indirectement. En revanche de nombreux petits établissements se développent spécifiquement en lien avec l’accueil routier, notamment sous l’impulsion de l’hôtel-Dieu du Puy, dans le sillage du pèlerinage marial. À compter de la fin du xiii e  siècle, les hôpitaux dédiés à l’accueil du voyageur déclinent, tandis que l’accueil commercial se développe sensiblement dans la première moitié du xiv e  siècle. Un dense réseau d’auberges succède alors aux hôpitaux routiers, reprenant la même logique d’implantation sur les sections de routes les plus difficiles. Ces auberges rurales peuvent être totalement isolées, sur des cols ou des landes d’altitude. Souvent modestes, elles n’offrent que quelques places et s’apparentent parfois à une maison d’hôte, dotée de quelques lits dans la demeure même du propriétaire. Les hôpitaux routiers et les établissements commerciaux qui leur succèdent répondent manifestement bien aux besoins de la route en offrant une infrastructure fonctionnelle. D’abord charitable alors que le trafic de pèlerins était manifestement dominant, l’accueil du voyageur devient commercial lorsque le trafic marchand prend de l’importance. Initialement consacré aux soins du corps des âmes, le lieu d’hébergement du voyageur demeure toujours un lieu de soin des corps, mais devient en outre un lieu de transaction et de négoce commercial.
Maimon lecteur de Fichte
Authors: Radrizzani Ives
Published: March 2021

L’article se fixe pour but de réexaminer à nouveaux frais la correspondance échangée entre Maimon et Fichte, qui témoigne d’une grande proximité de vues entre eux. L’intérêt que Maimon porte à l’idée de système telle qu’elle est développée dans la Begriffsschrift de Fichte et qui éviterait le piège d’une philosophie de la représentation, l’amène à modérer ses critiques à l’égard de la philosophie systématique. La direction opposée de leurs recherches, loin de dénoter une mécompréhension de la part de Maimon de la tendance de la Doctrine de la Science, comme on l’a généralement cru, se révèle au contraire le signe qu’il en a été l’un des meilleurs lecteurs, comme Fichte n’a pas manqué de le remarquer. Toutefois, le fait que Maimon soit focalisé sur la problématique du passage d’une région du savoir à l’autre indique qu’il reste profondément ancré dans une vision toute kantienne de la philosophie et n’adhère pas à la théorie unifiée du savoir proposée par la Doctrine de la Science.
Revisiting Corruption Mathematical Models in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Patra Arpita , Matipira Lovemore , Saruchera Fanny , Musti K. S. Sastry
Published: March 2021

Analyzing corruption is a topic of interest to many and is indeed very complex due to its inherent difficulties with its identification and quantification. Past studies present several variables, indices, computational models, and approaches, but their relevance in the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) has been debatable. This chapter addresses the need to revisit the mathematical models and approaches in the Industry 4.0 context. The chapter provides a foundation for this argument through a compressive literature review followed by a proposal of a three-stage concept for corruption identification. The chapter illustrates two case studies from which a strong justification derives for considering the digital transformation and use of big data to deal with corruption and improve the external and internal perceptions about corruption in general.
Examining the Integration of Virtual and Physical Platforms From Luxury Brand Managers' Perspectives
Authors: Peretti Paola , Chiaudano Valentina , Sawhney Mohanbir
Published: March 2021

“The internet dilemma” was the concept used to describe luxury brand companies' initial reluctance to integrate online technologies into their business model. However, over time, luxury brand companies have understood that moving towards digital transformation is the only way to survive on the market and appeal to the new luxury brand consumers. In a few years, digitalisation has become a priority for all luxury brand companies that started to integrate digital and physical platforms to engage consumers through all touchpoints of their shopping journey. In light of the topic's relevance and considering the primary focus of research on consumers, this chapter aims to deepen the digitalisation phenomenon in the luxury market involving the little-explored luxury brand managers' perspective. The authors conducted a longitudinal study to compare the main changes in integrating digital and physical platforms from the managers' perspective between 2014 and 2020. In this endeavour, they also considered how the COVID-19 pandemic had affected luxury brand companies' digitalisation.
New Media Channels in Corporate Communication and Interaction With the New Consumer
Authors: Yürük-Kayapinar Pinar , Kayapinar Özgur
Published: March 2021

The main purpose of this chapter is to examine the digital marketing tools used by businesses in the light of developments in corporate communication and interaction with consumers. For this purpose, a literature review has been made by considering the most used digital marketing tools. Firstly, the transition from traditional communication tools to digital tools is discussed with the stages from Web 1.0 to Web 5.0 in the development of the internet. The 7S concept that businesses have to use to realize digital marketing applications is mentioned. Then, the concepts of search engine marketing, search engine optimization, e-mail marketing, display advertising, online public relation, social media marketing, and chatbots are explained. It is mentioned how businesses use these marketing practices, positive and negative factors related to each application were examined, and examples from businesses were given.
The Digital Realm Blurs the Lines Between Journalistic and Corporate Communication
Authors: Trillo Domínguez Magdalena
Published: March 2021

Not only has the digital world removed the borders between local and global communication, affording meaning to the already established “glocal” concept, but it has also blurred the boundaries between journalistic and corporate content, revitalising what has traditionally been known in legacy media as “service journalism.” This chapter supposes a continuation of the thought-provoking line of research begun three years ago on journalistic communication and new media, turning to the deconstruction process as a disruptive method to analyze processes, strategies, and trends. If, then, from the perspective of methodology, the focus of attention turns to the structure of the news itself, attending to how new media reactivate the known 5W, and how the conventional news item dies on paper and is ‘resuscitated', transformed into the digital medium, and to how we place ourselves before a transmedia news structure that changes from inverted pyramid to the Rubik's Cube, we now go one step further and put the spotlight on the processes of content building in the digital realm themselves.
Digital Marketing in Times of COVID-19
Authors: García-Santiago Lola
Published: March 2021

This chapter focuses on an analysis of the communicative marketing strategies carried out by Spanish small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through their digital media channels (websites, blogs, Twitter, and Facebook profiles). The content analysis allowed the authors to identify strategies of inbound marketing and engagement with users on social networks. Regarding the latter, they identify whether the paradox of the positive can be fulfilled. The methodology included, on the one hand, a qualitative analysis of corporate web communications in different social media. On the other hand, the content of messages was categorised into elements of digital marketing. The results obtained show the Spanish web panorama of interaction, engagement, and communication strategies of entrepreneurial SMEs in COVID-19 context, during and after lockdown.
Quality Evaluation and Workflows in Transcreation
Authors: Carreira Oliver
Published: March 2021

This chapter is oriented to provide some knowledge about two areas in transcreation that have not been thoroughly researched in this field: workflows and transcreation. For this purpose, a social methodology is proposed. By interviewing a group of four professional transcreators, it is expected to obtain more information on these two areas. Taking into account the results obtained in these interviews, a general workflow diagram is proposed. Likewise, a general quality assessment model is suggested for transcreation. Due to the nature and limitations of this proposal, the representativity of these items should be considered as limited, though it offers a good starting point for further research.
NGO Sustainability Indicators
Authors: Pozo-Llorente Teresa , Jorge-Bañón Cristóbal E. , Gutiérrez-Pérez José
Published: March 2021

This chapter revolves around the commitment to sustainability of non-governmental organisations (NGOs). It deals with the construction of a system of indicators of the greening of these organizations, taking as a reference the possible evidence of their commitment to sustainability. These indicators have constituted the basis for the design and validation of an observational record (an estimation scale) to assess said commitment. This observational scale, made up of 51 indicators divided into 10 large dimensions, enables the estimation of the degree of presence of these aspects in the work carried out by NGOs, using the information available on the corporate web portals of these organizations as a source of analysis. From an exploratory perspective, and after applying the designed instrument, this work aims to characterize the greening tasks developed by eight NGOs (in both Spain and internationally): Cruz Roja (Red Cross), Manos Unidas, Agua de Coco, APDHA Calor y Café, Médicos Sin Fronteras (Doctors Without Borders), Amnesty International, and Setem-Andalucía.
Generative Computational Urban Planning Through Big Data Analysis
Authors: Valzano Luca Saverio , Caldera Carlo , Ostorero Carlo Luigi , Manni Valentino , Galli Andrea
Published: March 2021

For the near future, forecasts predict an uncontrolled growth of urbanization in the world, in which cities are fragmented and uneven systems in relation to fast evolving environmental, economic, and social phenomena. The traditional urban planning approach, essentially theoretical-predictive, adapts poorly to face future challenges. Hence, the need to rethink how to govern the transformations of cities, which can be described by models of urban metabolism. The city sensing has changed the way cities are explored and used. With the transition from digitalization to datafication, through the computational approach, georeferenced big data can be analysed and exploited by algorithms. They originate a generative computational urban planning process, which can achieve a higher quality of the project and provide cities with adaptive capability. This process exploits data provided by public administrations, companies, and citizens who take part in an inclusive and adaptive urban planning.
A District Heating Socio-Technical System Approaching the Energy Transition
Authors: Arrobbio Osman , Padovan Dario , Sciullo Alessandro
Published: March 2021

This chapter describes the results of a sociological investigation carried out within an EU-funded project. The project was aimed at creating a tool to visualise and compute energy data at an urban district level, with the broader aim to optimise the local district heating (DH) network's distribution policies. This chapter identifies the features of the main categories of actors (from the DH operator to final users) having a role within that network. Special attention is paid to the identification of the barriers and frictions preventing a stronger collaboration and communication among these actors to happen. It is argued that the identification and resolution, in situated and complex socio-technical systems, of these non-strictly-technical problems may be, at least in some cases, a pre-requisite for any ICT-based solution to deploy its full potential.
Smart Cities and Smart Societies
Authors: Pagani Roberto , Fracastoro Gian Vincenzo
Published: March 2021

The post-shock scenario is outlined: an uncertain future with a “new normality.” The embryos of the new paradigm are alongside the powerful discontinuity generated by COVID-19. With examples and anecdotes from Shanghai and China, a transformation already underway is portrayed. No more perfect shock could be thought to reconsider the role of humans on this planet, on our cities. There is a crucial need for resilience of local systems, for short chains, for autonomous energy and food self-sufficiency, for decentralizing essential products. Security and contingency plans are needed and must operate on a global scale, but at the same time at the country and the city level. The future must be reinvented, acting in depth, for shifting from “exploitation” to “cooperation” with natural systems. Topics are education, work, services, transport, food safety.
BIM Bin
Authors: Codinhoto Ricardo , Becher Olivia , Heron Jonathan Neil , Donato Vincenzo
Published: March 2021

A groundswell of opinion exist about the present and future use of smart cities and digital twin technologies and processes and, despite increasing use of information modelling, artificial intelligence, and internet of things, many challenges remain in designing and implement integrated smart systems in large scale contexts. Often, the big picture is shadowed by fragmented processes, and there is a disconnect between the problem and the solution. This chapter aims to address this inverted approach, based on a solution looking for a problem by focusing on the problems of developing integrated solutions for smart cities based on digital twins. The narrative in this chapter is informed by a research project exploring the digitalisation of facilities management processes in Bath, UK. The conclusion is that the development of digital twins goes far beyond linking digital models to sensors.
From Sketches and Installations to Bioinspired 5D Printing Models
Authors: Titotto Silvia
Published: March 2021

This chapter opens up discussions upon the relevance of interaction of representations and data visualization modes for smart cities design, planning, and development that occur beyond paper and computer drawing. Although many practitioners usually relate smart cities and digital twins design exclusively to CAD/CAM/CAE and BIM methods, processes, and tools, a wider pool of techniques and forms of expression might be the key to a more accurate and comprehensive way of simulating the several kinds of alterations that happen in the planned built environment. The chapter deals with the study of concepts that relate to both physical and virtual prototyping, which underlines an interdisciplinary approach to design and the impact of integrating biologically inspired principles from different backgrounds to the field of smart cities design. In this regard, biomimetics and additive manufacturing may play key roles in smart city's modeling design and the frontier technology of 5D printing reveals real-time decision-making programmable 4D printing process as a potential future development.