bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Valid and Reliable Scale of Vaccine Hesitancy in Turkish Language
Authors: KILINÇARSLAN Mehmet Göktuğ , SARIGÜL Banu , TORAMAN Çetin , ŞAHİN Erkan Melih
Published: October 2020

Objective

Anti-vaccine movement has been increasing in recent years, leading to poor health outcomes. There are some scales to measure the vaccine hesitancy but most of them have limitation and may not be proper for Turkey.
The aim of this study is to develop a Turkish scale of vaccine hesitancy.

Method:

Two cross sectional studies were conducted. Purposive sampling method was used to reach participants in hospital and its surroundings. Study1: Explanatory factor analysis involved 315 participants, whose 61.3% were female mean age was 33.3 years. The draft scale with 36 items were applied face to face. Study 2: Confirmatory factor analysis involved 214 participants for the long form and 200 for short form. Of the participants, 62.0% was female and the mean age was 33.9 for short form. Of the participants, 65.4% was female and the mean age was 34.5 for the long form. Goodness of fit indexes of both forms were compared with literature.

Results:

The long form with 21 items in 4 factors and the short form with 12 items in 3 factors were selected as they best explained the data. Explained variance by long form and short form were 57.4%and 65.3% respectively. Cronbach Alpha values for long form and short form were 0.905 and 0.855 respectively.

Conclusion:

It is important to understand vaccine hesitancy at local levels because differences in sociocultural structure have major effect. In this study, two forms of reliable vaccine hesitancy scale were presented in Turkish as first in literature.
Moderasi Hukum Ekonomi Syari'ah dalam Pengambilan Keuntungan pada Tradisi Jual Beli Mindring
Authors: Munawwarah Tsulusiyatul
Published: October 2020

Dalam penelitian ini fokus peneliti pada objek pengambilan keuntungan terhadap tradisi jual beli mindring dan bagaimana jika hal tersebut dalam pandangan moderasi hukum ekonomi syari'ah, yaitu mengkaji transaksi tersebut dengan tetap menitik beratkan pada sumber hukum Islam namun juga melihat prospek implementasnya. Adapun metode yang dipakai ialah menggunakan metodologi penelitian dengan jenis kualitatif dan pendekatannya ialah field research sedangkanpengumpulan data yang dipakai ialah dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi dengan sumber data yang terlibat adalah penjual dan pembeli dalam praktik tradisi jual beli mindring serta tokoh masyarakat yang kami wawancarai mengenai permasalahan tersebut. Dalam penetapan kredit terkait dengan pengambilan keuntungan ditentukan dengan jangka waktu masa pembayaran kredit yang mana hal ini berpengaruh terhadap tingkat harga. jika pengambilan jangka waktu semakin lama dalam pembayaran kredit maka harga tersebut semakin naik. Terkait perjanjian jual beli mindring yaitu dalam jangka waktu pembayaran tergantung kesepakatan antara penjual dan pembeli, hal ini sesuai dengan nash al-Qur'an dan Hadits. Prospek semacam ini sangat mendukung terhadap ekonomi masyarakat baik bagi pembeli (dimudahkan) atau penjual (keuntungan yang lebih besar). [In this research, the focus of the researcher is on the object of profit taking on the tradition of buying and selling mindring and what if it is in the view of sharia economic law moderation, namely studying the transaction while still focusing on the source of Islamic law but also looking at the prospects of its implementation. The method used is to use a research methodology with qualitative type and the approach is field research while the data collection used is by interviewing, observing, and documenting the data sources involved are sellers and buyers in the practice of mindset buying and selling and community leaders we interviewed regarding the problem. In determining credit related to profit taking, a period of credit payment period is determined, which influences the price level. if the longer the time period of taking credit payments then the price goes up. Related to mindset sale and purchase agreements, which are payment terms depending on the agreement between the seller and the buyer, this is in accordance with the text of the Qur'an and the Hadith. Such prospects are very supportive of the community's economy both for buyers (facilitated) or sellers (greater profits)
Analisis Implementasi Pembiayaan Mudharabah dalam Perkembangan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Almahmudi Nufi Mu'tamar
Published: October 2020

Perbankan syariah saat ini mengalami perkembangan yang pesat di Indonesia. Akan tetapi dalam aplikasinya sebagian masyarakat  masih  berasumsi   bahwa  bank syariah hanyalah sebuah label yang digunakan untuk menarik simpati masyarakat muslim dalam bidang perbankan. Akad mudharabah menjadi salah satu produk yang digunakan di perbankan syariah. Tulisan ini mencoba menyajikan uraian terkait akad mudharabah dari konsep fikih klasik ke kontemporer dan penerapanya di bank syariah dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Prinsip kehati-hatian merupakan sesuatu yang harus diperhatikan oleh perbankan dalam pemberian pembiayaan atau pendanaan, prinsip ini yang mengharuskan perbankan syariah memodifikasi konsep mudharabah, sehingga dapat diaplikasikan dan dikembangkan pada dunia perbankan pada kondisi kekinian. Adapun perbedaan konsep akad mudharabah dari teori ke praktek terlihat pada penentuan nisbah bagi hasil mudharabah, penetapan masa kontrak/ jangka waktu mudharabah, mempersyaratkan agunan, serta pihak yang menanggung kerugian. (Islamic banking is currently experiencing rapid development in Indonesia. However, in its application, some people still assume that Islamic banks are only a label that is used to attract the sympathy of the Muslim community in the banking sector. Mudharabah contract is one of the products used in Islamic banking. This paper tries to present a description of the mudharabah contract from the classical fiqh concept to the contemporary and its application in Islamic banks using descriptive analysis methods. The principle of prudence is something that must be considered by banks in the provision of financing or funding, this principle which requires Islamic banks to modify the concept of mudharabah, so that it can be applied and developed in the banking world to the present conditions. The difference in the concept of mudharabah contract from theory to practice can be seen in the determination of mudharabah profit sharing ratio, stipulation of the contract period/ mudharabah period, requiring collateral, and the party that bears the loss.)
La clasificación de estructuras domésticas mayas utilizando datos de superficie. El caso de El Rosario, Chiapas
Authors: De Montmollin Olivier
Published: October 2020

Los estudios de patrones de asentamiento, tanto a escala regional como comunitaria, apoyan de modo muy útil el esfuerzo de entender la organización sociopolítica de los mayas de la época clásica. El estudio de patrón de asentamiento que se presenta a continuación es un análisis funcional de datos arquitectónicos de superficie a esca1a comunitaria. Los datos se obtuvieron en un recorrido intensivo de un sitio del clásico tardío terminal (700~950 d. C.), El Rosario. Este sitio (fig. 1) se encuentra cerca de uno de los altos tributarios del Río Grijalva en Chiapas (Agrinier 1979, 1984; de Montmollin 1979a, 1984). En lo particular, el estudio tiene el fin de determinar cuales fueron las estructuras "habitacionales" dentro del conjunto de pequeñas estructuras domesticas en El Rosario. Se hace una sencilla distinción funcional entre estructuras "habitacionales" (que sirven para fines generales de vivienda y abrigo para una familia nuclear) y estructuras "ad juntas" (que sirven para propósitos mas especiales como almacenamiento, o actividades culinarias, rituales, o manufactureras). Aunque sencillo, tal análisis funcional prepara el terreno para otros estudios de mas alcance, tales como estudios acerca de la composición demográfica de unidades domesticas, el ciclo domestico dentro de las familias (Goody ed. 1962), y el tamaño y la composición demográfica de los barrios y de las comunidades.
Acerca de Marta Foncerrada de Molina (1928-1988)
Authors: Nájera Martha Ilia
Published: October 2020

Con el fallecimiento de Marta Foncerrada de Molina desaparece una de las historiadoras del arte que más aportaciones ha brindado al conocimiento de las obras mayas prehispánicas. Reconocida ampliamente entre especialistas, fue elegida como representante de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, ante la Unión Acaflemique Internationale, con la finalidad de volver a publicar el Corpus Antiquitatum Americanensium. En uno de los que serían sus últimos viajes, se traslada a Barcelona, España y con gran éxito logra que en la LXI Asamblea General se apruebe el proyecto de la publicación de esta trascendental obra. El numero IX de la colección queda a su cargo en colaboración con Amalia Cardós de Méndez. Después de una acuciosa selección, analizan algunas figurillas de Jaina que se encuentran en el Museo Nacional de Antropología; pero la maestra Foncerrada no alcanzó a ver publicada esta bella edición, pues cuatro meses antes, el 25 de mayo de 1988, muere la distinguida investigadora.
Ritos de pasaje entre los mayas antiguos
Authors: Bonavides Mateo Enrique
Published: October 2020

Cuando se aborda el estudio de una religión nos encontramos con el hecho de que el hombre desarrolla su existencia en dos tiempos diferentes: el primero es el tiempo lineal, que podemos denominar profano, en el cual tienen lugar nuestras actividades cotidianas y que puede ser interrumpido por un tiempo corto o sagrado que transcurre fuera de la realidad, y por tanto tiene un significado simbólico que funciona como complemento de la misma. Para que exista una conexión entre el tiempo profano y el sagrado, es necesario que el hombre efectúe una serie de actos simbólicos que denominamos "rito".
Una ampliación del catálogo glífico de Thompson
Authors: Hoppan Michel
Published: October 2020

La escritura de los antiguos mayas evidentemente es la más desarrollada y abundante de Mesoamérica. Y como se hace con todo sistema de escritura del que desconozcamos la clave, la escritura maya se sometió a un inventario de los diferentes signos que la constituyen. Ya desde principios de siglo, William Gates (1 931) había comenzado un proyecto así sobre las inscripciones de los códices, las cuales representan uno de los distintos tipos de soportes donde se apoyan los textos glíficos. Esta primera aproximación de Gates posteriormente fue proseguida y ampliamente desarrollada por los trabajos de Yuri Knorosov (1955), Günter Zimmermann (195ó) y J. E. S. Thompson (1962). Los catálogos de Knorosov y Zimmermann ayudaron a los resultados de Gates sobre los códices; pero el gran interés del catálogo de Thompson (el último de los cuatro) procede de que saca gran provecho al incluir no solamente los datos de los códices, sino también los de los monumentos, los cuales representan el primer tipo de datos por la cantidad de ejemplos conocidos.
educação profissional na agenda do Lulismo
Authors: Castioni Remi , Moraes Gustavo Henrique , Passades Denise Bianca Maduro Silva
Published: October 2020

A educação profissional nos governos petistas assumiu importância singular, apresentada pelo presidente Lula a partir da sua própria experiência, uma vez que o único título que possuía na época era o de torneiro mecânico do SENAI. A expansão e interiorização da educação profissional, a partir do MEC, atravessou os 13 anos de governos petistas nos governos Lula e Dilma tendo sido, inclusive, objeto de debate nacional durante a campanha presidencial com o Pronatec. A ênfase na educação profissional fez com que, em menos de 10 anos, os governos petistas construíssem mais escolas federais de educação profissional do que em 120 anos de República. É uma coincidência histórica que o próprio criador das primeiras escolas federais em 1909, Nilo Peçanha, também foi um presidente com características próximas às origens de Lula. Neste texto, explicita-se a marca desenvolvimentista que traz em seu bojo a aposta na educação profissional, através da análise no âmbito do governo federal das disputas políticas e da definição e implementação de programas para a área, com especial atenção para os Institutos Federais, suas virtudes e vicissitudes.
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Inquiry Berbasis Saintifik Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa
Authors: Yonanda Devi Afriyuni
Published: October 2020

This research is based on the problem of still low critical thinking skills of elementary school students. Students in the learning process are still required to memorize facts, concepts, and theories on the material they study. The purpose of this study is to improve students' critical thinking skills through a Scientific Based Inquiry models (IBS). The type of research used is Research and Development (R & D) or research and development. The research procedure used the Borg & Gall model. Product validation tests are carried out by a team of experts or material experts, linguists, and practitioners. Practicality test is carried out by using questionnaire responses of teachers and students after the learning process. Effectiveness testing on limited trials using experimental design pretest-posttest control group design. The results of this development study obtained product validity test obtained a score of 3.4 with the criteria of "very good". The practicality of the product in the learning process through the teacher's response and student responses obtained scores of 3.33 and 3.27 with the criteria of "very good". The effectiveness of the product through limited trials at Majalengka UPTD Elementary School through N-Gain analysis showed that students' critical thinking skills in the control class were 0.60 "medium" criteria and 0.96 "high" criteria in the experimental class. Based on the results of the research conducted it can be concluded that the development of the IBD model is valid, practical, and effective in improving the critical thinking skills of elementary students.
Trend Penelitian Penyelesaian Studi di Program Studi Teknologi Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Authors: Khaerudin
Published: October 2020

As an applied scientific discipline Educational Technology (ET) develops by utilizing and supported by other relevant sciences, such as psychology, communication, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and education. Besides that as a science, Educational Technology is built on a clear foundation of ontological, epistemological, and axiological philosophy. This study aims to find empirical facts about the tendency of ET students to research their final project, viewed from three aspects, namely the paradigm and research methods used, and the ET area as the research domain. The research method used is quantitative descriptive research with a survey approach and is done through document analysis/content (content analysis). The documents analyzed were 577 scientific works, such as theses and dissertations. The results showed that research conducted by ET students of the Jakarta State University over the past 7 years tended to use qualitative research paradigms, research and development methods, and development areas.
Pengembangan Media Virtual Reality Pada Muatan Pelajaran IPA Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Supriadi Mardiki , Hignasari L. Virginayoga
Published: October 2020

The media is based on Virtual Reality, which can help educators as a learning medium to explain the material content of science lessons in learning activities. The purpose of this study is to produce a virtual reality-based learning media on the content of elementary school science classes IV. This research is a development study with a 4D development model from Thiagarajan that has been modified. This development model consists of the stages define (definition), design (design), develop (development). The research and development stage is carried out until the develop stage. The results showed that the virtual reality media is very feasible to be used in grade VI elementary school on the subject of natural science by referring to the results of the validation of the experts. The results of validation by media experts are 85% or Very Valid. Material expert validation on the media consisted of 5 aspects. The results of validation by material experts are 82% or Very Valid. The validation of the field application experts to the developed media consisted of 3 aspects. The results of validation by the field application experts are 89% or Very Valid.
Pengaruh Media Cerita Bergambar Dan Literasi Membaca Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rusmono  , Alghazali Muhammad Iqbal
Published: October 2020

Ketercapaian hasil belajar melalui proses pembelajaran yang tepat merupakan urgensi yang harus segera diimplementasikan, oleh karena itu penenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari pengaruh media cerita bergambar dan literasi membaca terhadap hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar.  Penelitian dilaksanakan di  kelas IV SDN Majalengka Kulon II dan SDN Majalengka Wetan VII. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan treatment by level 2 x 2. Analisis data menggunakan analisis varian 2 jalur (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, yaitu (1) adanya perbedaan hasil belajar siswa yang belajar menggunakan media komik pembelajaran dengan media teks bergambar, (2) adanya interaksi antara media komik pembelajaran dan literasi membaca terhadap hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar, (3) hasil belajar siswa yang memiliki literasi membaca tinggi menggunakan media komik pembelajaran lebih tinggi dibandingkan siswa yang memiliki literasi membaca tinggi yang menggunakan media teks bergambar, (4) hasil belajar siswa yang memiliki literasi membaca rendah yang menggunakan media komik pembelajaran lebih rendah dibandingkan siswa yang memiliki literasi membaca rendah yang menggunakan media teks bergambar.
Optimization of HR Education and Training for Village Fund Managers
Authors: Marzuki Faizal , Manggabarani Alfaith S. , Miftah Munasiron
Published: October 2020

This study aims to describe the optimization of village fund processing to realize the dsa mandini community in the Cileles sub-district of Lebak Banten. The research method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The result that will be achieved is to create the concept of a village head apparatus who has a strong will to build his village into a mandini village. The main factor is building human resources and utilizing a friendly and hard-working community culture in people's lives. This is a capital that can be developed by the village head in building his village in mutual cooperation. From the results of this study it was concluded that the head of the village in utilizing village funds, could not be implemented optimally by the village, because the village planning proposal had not been fully approved by the district government which made changes to the village proposal, the change was not necessarily in accordance with the needs of the development his village, as a result village must accept changes even if it is not as expected by the village. Such a change certainly does not allow the village to respond quickly, resulting in delays in receiving village funds and automatically the village development program will be too late. besides the lack of resources (HR) that have the skills needed by the village to go to the village of Mandani.
MODERNISASI ALAT TANGKAP DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP NELAYAN TELUK PRIGI KAB TRENGGALEK TAHUN 1982-2006
Authors: Nikmah Khoirun
Published: October 2020

This article aims to analyze the modernization of fishing gear and its influence on the Prigi Bay fishermen in Trenggalek Regency in 1982-2006. In the 1982-2006 temporal, Prigi Bay fishermen underwent several developments in fishing gear changes. Those who first used traditional fishing gear and then used more modern fishing gear. There are also fishermen who continue to use traditional fishing gear because of capital constraints.
MOTIVASI SOSIAL DALAM RITUS TAREKAT
Authors: Djuhan Muhammad Widda
Published: October 2020

The phenomenon of the tarekat in Javanese society, especially since the arrival of the spreaders of Islam until now, is firmly rooted among Muslims. Although there are criticisms that suspect that such practices can tarnish monotheism, in fact the activities of the tarekat never fade at all even more and more people tend to follow the tarekat activities where they live especially after there are many problems in people's lives. The field research, which took the object of special rituals in the qariahyah wa naqshabandiyah tarekat in the mojoroto Gelanglor sukorejo mosque, Ponorogo district, highlighted social motivations in the selasan rituals which were followed by selasan followers. In fact, many people who live around the mosque take part in the activities of the congregation qodiriyah wan naqshobandiyah. Nevertheless, their participation motivation is not singular because it is very dependent on the mindset, religious understanding and traditions that surround it. This study came to the conclusion that there was motivation [1] Improving the deeds of worship in the afterlife, [2] Looking for spiritual peace with the routine of worship activities held [3] Resolving the problems of their lives with the help of the spirit of the murshid. These various motivations show that we cannot make unilateral claims to the tarekat followers, especially the qodiriyah wa naqshabandiyah tarekat.
Container-aided Integrative QTL and RNA-seq Analysis of Collaborative Cross Mice Supports Distinct Sex-Oriented Molecular Modes of Response in Obesity
Authors: Binenbaum Ilona , Atamni Hanifa Abu-Toamih , Fotakis Georgios , Kontogianni Georgia , Koutsandreas Theodoros , Pilalis Eleftherios , Mott Richard , Himmelbauer Heinz , Iraqi Fuad A. , Chatziioannou Aristotelis A
Published: October 2020

Background: The Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse population is a valuable resource to study the genetic basis of complex traits, such as obesity. Although the development of obesity is influenced by environmental factors, underlying genetic mechanisms play a crucial role in the response to these factors. The interplay between the genetic background and the gene expression pattern can provide further insight into this response, but we lack robust and easily reproducible workflows to integrate genomic and transcriptomic information in the CC mouse population.Results: We established an automated and reproducible integrative workﬂow to analyse complex traits in the CC mouse genetic reference panel at the genomic and transcriptomic levels. We implemented the analytical workﬂow to assess the underlying genetic mechanisms of host susceptibility to diet induced obesity and integrated these results with diet induced changes in the hepatic gene expression of susceptible and resistant mice. Hepatic gene expression diﬀers signiﬁcantly between obese and non-obese mice, with a signiﬁcant sex eﬀect, where male and female mice exhibit diﬀerent responses and coping mechanisms.Conclusion: Integration of the data showed that diﬀerent genes but similar pathways are involved in the genetic susceptibility and disturbed in diet induced obesity. Genetic mechanisms underlying susceptibility to high-fat diet induced obesity are different in female and male mice. The clear distinction we observed in the systemic response to the high-fat diet challenge and to obesity between male and female mice points to the need for further research into distinct sex-related mechanisms in metabolic disease.
Challenges of acute peritoneal dialysis in extremely-low-birth-weight infants: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Noh Jihyun , Kim Chae Young , Jung Euiseok , Lee Joo Hoon , Park Young-Seo , Lee Byong Sop , Kim Ellen Ai-Rhan , Kim Ki-Soo
Published: October 2020

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) has been used occasionally in extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants with acute kidney injury (AKI). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of ELBW infants with AKI treated with PD.Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the medical records of ELBW infants with AKI, who underwent PD from January 2008 to February 2018, were reviewed. A PD catheter (7.5–9.0 Fr) or central venous catheter (4 Fr) was used for the peritoneal access. Treatment with PD solutions (2.5 or 4.25%) was started at 10 mL/kg, which was increased to 20–30 mL/kg for 60–120 min/cycle continuing for 24 hours.Results: Twelve ELBW infants (seven male and five female infants) were treated, and their mean (±SD) gestational age and birth weight were 27.2 (±3.3) weeks and 706.5 (±220.5) g, respectively. Two patients had severe perinatal asphyxia (5-min Apgar score ≤ 3). The most important indication for starting PD was AKI due to sepsis. The average (±SD) duration of PD was 9.4 (± 7.7) days. The potassium levels in the ELBW infants with hyperkalemia decreased from 6.8 to 5.0 mg/mL after 9.3 (± 4.4) days. The most common complication of PD was mechanical dysfunction of the catheters, such as dialysate leakage (75 %). Two patients were successful weaned off PD. The mortality rate of the infants treated with PD was 91.7 %.Conclusions: In this series, the mortality rate of ELBW infants with AKI treated with PD was relatively high because of their incompletely developed organ systems. Therefore, the use of PD should be carefully considered for the treatment of ELBW infants with AKI in terms of decisions regarding resuscitation.
Lysyl oxidase polymorphisms influence the risk of cancer: an update meta-analysis
Authors: Mongkolrob Rungrawee , Tharabenjasin Phuntila , Bualuang Aporn , Pabalan Noel
Published: October 2020

The genetics of cancer metastasis is important for designing optimal therapeutic strategies. The lysyl oxidase (LOX) gene has been found important in the metastatic process, with roles in setting the microenvironment for future metastatic sites. Associations between the LOX polymorphisms (473G/A and -22G/C) have been examined in several studies, however, results were inconsistent, prompting a meta-analysis in order to obtain more precise estimates.Searches of six databases yielded 14 articles (15 studies) that examined associations of 473G/A and -22G/C with cancer. We examined five cancer groups: breast, lung, bone (osteosarcoma), GIC (gastrointestinal cancers) and GYC (gynecological cancers). For each cancer group, we calculated pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using standard genetic models. High significance (Pa < 0.00001), homogeneity (I2 = 0%) and high precision of effects (CI difference < 1.0 [upper CI-lower CI]) comprised the three criteria for strength of evidence (SOE). Multiple comparisons were Bonferroni-corrected. Sensitivity analysis assessed robustness of the outcomes.Thirteen significant associations indicating increased risk (OR > 1.00) were found in all cancer groups except breast (Pa = 0.10-0.91). Of the 13, two were in osteosarcoma where the -22G/C effects (ORs 4.05-4.07, 95% CIs 1.30-12.70, Pa = 0.02) were homogeneous (I2 = 0%) but imprecise (CIDs 11.4) and did not survive the Bonferroni correction. In contrast, the Bonferroni-surviving dominant/codominant outcomes in lung cancer (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.19-1.74) and GYC (ORs 1.52-1.62, 95% CIs 1.26-1.88) met all three SOE criteria (Pa = 0.00001, I2 = 0%, CIDs 0.49-0.56).In summary, associations of LOX 473G/A with lung, ovarian and cervical cancers indicate 1.4-1.6-fold increased risks. These outcomes were underpinned by robustness and high statistical power at the aggregate level.
Assessment of choriocapillary blood flow changes in response to half-dose photodynamic therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Liu Juejun , Chen Changzheng , Li Lu , Xu Yishuang , Yi Zuohuizi , He Lu , Zheng Hongmei
Published: October 2020

Background: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a newly developed imaging quantitative technique for analysis of choriocapillaris (CC) flow changes, thereby exploring the pathological mechanism of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CCSC) and the therapeutic effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study, we sought to quantify the blood flow changes in CC of CCSC patients receiving half-dose PDT using OCTA.Methods: A total of 28 affected eyes and 24 unaffected eyes of 26 CCSC patients receiving half-dose PDT, and 40 eyes of 20 healthy gender- and age-matched subjects were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The proportion of total areas of flow signal voids (FSV, %) in CC level of OCTA was assessed in both eyes of the CCSC patients at baseline and repeated in multiple sections at 1-week, 1-month, 3-month and 6-month intervals after PDT. In addition, the CC patterns in response to PDT at early stage and the subsequent morphologic changes were qualitatively documented using OCTA.Results: For affected eyes, FSV at 6-m follow-up was significantly lower than that at 1-m follow-up (p=0.036). When compared to normal control eyes, FSV in affected eyes was significantly higher at 1-m, 3-m and 6-m follow-up (p<0.05 for all), and FSV in unaffected eyes was significantly higher at baseline, 1-w, 1-m and 3-m follow-up (p<0.05 for all). Three CC patterns of early response to PDT were identified, including signs of recovery with more even flow signals, transient appearance of worse ischemia and secondary neovascularization within CC level.Conclusion: Abnormal CC flow attenuation remains in completely resolved eyes of CCSC patients treated with half-dose PDT.
An adaptive nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control for yaw stability control of bus based on STI tire model
Authors: Sun Xiaoqiang , Wang Yujun , Cai Yingfeng , Wong PakKin , Chen Long
Published: October 2020

In this paper, a novel adaptive nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode (ANFTSM) control scheme for yaw stability control (YSC) is proposed to improve the bus curve driving stability and safety on slippery roads. There are three major contributions in the design process of the bus YSC system. The first contribution is that the STI (Systems Technologies Inc.) tire model, which can effectively reflect the coupling relationship between the tire longitudinal force and lateral force, is established based on experimental data and firstly adopted in the bus YSC system design. The second contribution is a novel YSC strategy based on ANFTSM, which has the merits of fast transient response, finite time convergence and high robustness against uncertainties and external disturbances. The third contribution is that the robust least-squares allocation method is used to solve the optimal allocation problem of the tire forces, whose objective is to achieve the desired direct yaw moment through the effective distribution of the brake force of each tire. To verify the feasibility, effectiveness and practicality of the proposed bus YSC approach, the TruckSim-Simulink co-simulation results are finally provided.
Influence of inoculated gut bacteria on the development of Bactrocera dorsalis and on its susceptibility to the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae
Authors: Gichuhi Joseph , Khamis Fathiya , Berg Johnnie Van den , Mohamed Samira , Ekesi Sunday , Herren Jeremy K.
Published: October 2020

Background: Symbiotic interactions between insects and bacteria have been associated with a vast variety of physiological, ecological and evolutionary consequences for the host. A wide range of bacterial communities have been found in association with the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), an important pest of cultivated fruit in most regions of the world. We evaluated the diversity of gut bacteria in B. dorsalis specimens from several populations in Kenya and investigated the roles of individual bacterial isolates in the development of axenic (germ-free) B. dorsalis fly lines and their responses to the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae.Results: We sequenced 16S rRNA to evaluate microbiomes and coupled this with bacterial culturing. Bacterial isolates were mono-associated with axenic B. dorsalis embryos. The shortest embryonic development period was recorded in flies with an intact gut microbiome while the longest period was recorded in axenic fly lines. Similarly, larval development was shortest in flies with an intact gut microbiome, in addition to flies inoculated with Providencia alcalifaciens. Adult B. dorsalis flies emerging from embryos that had been mono-associated with a strain of Lactococcus lactis had decreased survival when challenged with a standard dosage of M. anisopliae ICIPE69 conidia. However, there were no differences in survival between the germ-free lines and flies with an intact microbiome.Conclusions: These findings will contribute to the selection of probiotics used in artificial diets for B. dorsalis rearing and the development of improved integrated pest management strategies based on entomopathogenic fungi.
SLC2A3 promotes macrophage infiltration by glycolysis reprogramming in gastric cancer
Authors: Yao Xingxing , He Zhanke , Qin Caolitao , Deng Xiangqian , Bai Lan , Li Guoxin , Shi Jiaolong
Published: October 2020

Background: Tumors display a high rate of glucose metabolism and the SLC2A (also known as GLUT) gene family may be central regulators of cellular glucose uptake. However, roles of SLC2A family in mechanism of metabolite communication with immunity in gastric cancer remains unknown.Methods: Bioinformatics analysis and IHC staining were used to reveal the expression of SLC2A3 in gastric cancer and the correlation with survival prognosis. Real-time PCR, western blots, OCR, ECAR, lactate production and glucose uptake assays were applied to determine the effect of SLC2A3 on glycolysis reprogramming. We then investigated the consequences of SLC2A3 upregulation or inhibition on aerobic glycolysis, also explored the underlying mechanism. Bioinformatics analysis and in vitro and in vivo research were used to reveal the role of SLC2A3 in macrophage infiltration and transition.Results: Here, we show that SLC2A3 acts as a tumor promoter and accelerates aerobic glycolysis in GC cells. Mechanistically, the SLC2A3-STAT3-SLC2A3 feedback loop could promote phosphorylation of the STAT3 signaling pathway and downstream glycolytic targeting genes. Moreover, SLC2A3 potentially contributes to M2 subtype transition of macrophage infiltration in the GC microenvironment.Conclusions: SLC2A3 could be used as a prognostic biomarker to determine prognosis and immune infiltration in GC and may provide an intervention strategy for GC therapy.
Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses to Unravel Responses of Populus Simonii × P. Nigra to attack by Asian Gypsy moth Lymantria Dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)
Authors: LV Yuntong , Sun Lili , Yin Jingjing , Jia Yanpeng , Du Hui , cao chuanwang
Published: October 2020

Background: Poplar is frequently attacked by herbivorous insects, including the Asian gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar. Here, we combined metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis to identify key genes and metabolites involved into the molecular mechanism of defensive enhancement against L. dispar herbivory on poplar. Results: The 3666 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, 1,799 up-regulated and 1,867 down-regulated) and 1,171 DEGs (695 up-regulated and 476 down-regulated) were specific in L. dispar herbivory and mechanical wounding, respectively. Moreover, the 9,108 and 7,656 ions were detected while 636 and 531 different ions were obtained using positive (pos) mode and negative (neg) mode, respectively. Among these ions, the 33 and 7 different ions were specific in L. dispar herbivory and mechanical wounding in pos mode while 46 and 4 different ions in L. dispar herbivory and mechanical wounding in neg mode, respectively. The 3,666 specific DEGs in L. dispar herbivory group were classified into phenylpropanoid and flavonoid secondary metabolism pathways by comprehensive networks between transcriptomes and metabolomes. Conclusions: The current findings greatly improve our understanding of the induced defensive response in poplar plants against L. dispar infestation, and will contribute to develop insect-resistance poplar varieties.
3D Printing Guide Plate for Accurate Hemicortical Bone Resection in Low-Grade Bone Sarcoma
Authors: Wu Hongwei , Li Xian'an , Yang Shuo , Bu Jie , Xu Xuezheng , Liu Jianfan , Wang Xin
Published: October 2020

Background: Surgical resection and reconstruction for low grade bone sarcoma in the metaphysis of the long bone remains challenging. We hypothesize that 3D printing osteotomy guide plate could assist to accurately resect the tumor lesion and save the joint function without higher recurrence rate. Methods: From January 2017 to August 2019, ten patients with low-grade malignant bone tumor in metaphysis of the limbs were treated with hemicortical resection using 3D printing guide plate and biological reconstruction. Results: Four patients were paracorticular osteosarcoma, five cases had highly differentiated chondrosarcoma, and one case was a chondromyxoid fibroma. Two of the cases involved the proximal humerus, while eight cases involved the distal femur. There was neither post-operation infection, internal fixation loosening, nor fracture occurrence in any of the patients. The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score averaged at 27.1, while the International Society of Limb Salvage imaging score examination averaged 87.8%. Conclusions: Here, we demonstrate that the 3D printing osteotomy guide plate assisted hemicortical bone resection is a beneficial strategy to effectively resect the primary low-grade malignant bone tumors in the metaphysis of long bone and restore excellent joint function.
Self-evaluation of Health State in Chinese Navy of Different Fleets
Authors: Ding Yibo , Wu Shaoping , Wang Hao , Liu Jiluo , Liu Yan , Zhang Hongwei , Zhai Yujia , Tan Xiaojie , Cao Guangwen
Published: October 2020

Objective: To clarify physical and psychological health state and potential medical need of Chinese navy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in the total of 438 personnel of two fleets in different latitudes in China by self-reported questionnaire. The physical and psychological states were investigated and the potential medical needs were explored.Results: The top was muscle and skeletal system disease, affecting to 59% of the population, followed by respiratory disease, skin disease, oral disease, et al. The frequency of oral disease increased gradually, with the first peak at 26-30 years old. Ophthalmic and Ear-nose-throat diseases increased rapidly over 40 years old. The frequencies of above diseases were higher in submarine of Fleet B than that of Fleet A (P<0.05). In Fleet A, the frequencies of influenza and diarrhea in submarine were higher than those in surface fleet (P<0.001). The corps with low psychological self-evaluation suffered more diseases than those with high evaluation (P=0.04). Conclusions: Fleets in different latitudes exhibited different disease frequencies. Submarine force was more susceptible to infectious disease than surface fleet possibly due to the closed environment. High effective medical care should be given according to the age threshold of 25 and 40.
Tanshinone IIA Combined with CsA Inhibit Myocardial Cell Apoptosis Induced by Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Modulating Mitochondrial Function Through PI3K/Akt/Bad Pathway in Obese Rats
Authors: Tai He , Jiang Xiao-lin , Li Yue , Kong Liang , Yao Si-cheng , Song Nan , Lv Mei-jun , Wu Jin , Yang Ping , Yang Guan-lin , Kuang Jin-song , Lan Zhi-ming , Jia Lian-qun
Published: October 2020

Background: Acute myocardial injury (AMI), which is induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR), is a significant cause of acute kidney injury (AKI)-related associated death. Obesity increases the severity and frequency of AMI and AKI. Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) combined with cyclosporine A (CsA) pretreatment was used to alleviate myocardial cell apoptosis induced by renal IR, and to determine whether TIIA combined with CsA would attenuate myocardial cell apoptosis by modulating mitochondrial function through the PI3K/Akt/Bad pathway in obese rats. Methods: Male rates were fed a high fat diet for 8 weeks to generate obesity. AKI was induced by 30 min of kidney ischemia followed 24 h of reperfusion. Obese rats were given TIIA (10 mg/kg·d) for 2 weeks and CsA (5 mg/kg) 30 min before renal IR. Related indicators were examined.Results: TIIA combined with CsA alleviated the pathohistological injury and apoptosis induced by renal IR in myocardial cells. In addition, TIIA combined with CsA improved cardiac function and decreased the serum myocardial enzyme spectrum in obese rats after renal IR. At the same time, TIIA combined with CsA improved mitochondrial function. Abnormal function of mitochondria was supported by decreases in the respiration controlling rate (RCR), intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), oxygen consumption rate, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and increases in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), mitochondrial DNA damage, and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex enzymes (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ). The injury of mitochondrial dynamic function was assessed by a decrease in Drp1, and increases in Mfn1 and Mfn2, and mitochondrial biogenesis injury was assessed by decreases in PGC-1, NRF1, and TFam. TIIA combined with CsA can attenuate apoptosis through modulating mitochondrial function through the PI3K/Akt/Bad pathway in obese rats.Conclusion: We used isolated mitochondria from rat myocardial tissues to demonstrate that myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction occurred along with renal IR to induce myocardial cell apoptosis; obesity aggravated apoptosis. TIIA combined with CsA attenuated myocardial cell apoptosis by modulating mitochondrial function through the PI3K/Akt/Bad pathway in obese rats.
Surface-based Map Plasticity of the Sensorimotor Cortex in Hip Disorder at Local and Extensive Levels: A Resting-state fMRI Study
Authors: Ma Jie , Hua Xu-Yun , Zheng Mou-Xiong , Wu Jia-Jia , Huo Bei-Bei , Xing Xiang-Xin , Feng Sheng-Yi , Li Bo , Xu Jian-Guang
Published: October 2020

Background: Pain is one of the manifestations of hip disorder and has been proven to lead to the remodeling of somatotopic map plasticity in the cortex. However, it’s not clear whether hip disorder with pain induces somatotopic map plasticity in the cortex. We aimed to evaluate the surface-based map plasticity of the somatotopic cortex in hip disorder at local and extensive levels by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).Methods: 20 patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) (12 males and 8 females, age= 56.80±13.60 years) with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores ≥ 4 and 20 healthy controls (9 males and 11 females, age= 54.56±10.23 years) were enrolled in this study. rs-fMRI data and T1 imaging data were collected, and surface-based regional homogeneity (ReHo), seed-based functional connectivity (FC), cortical thickness and the volume of subcortical gray nuclei were calculated.Results: Compared with the healthy controls, the ONFH patients showed signiﬁcantly increased surface-based ReHo in areas distributed mainly in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and frontal eye field, the right frontal eye field and the premotor cortex and decreased surface-based ReHo in the right primary motor cortex and primary sensory cortex. When the area with decreased surface-based ReHo in the frontal eye field and right premotor cortex was used as the regions of interest (ROI), compared with the controls, the ONFH patients displayed increased FC in the right middle frontal cortex and right inferior parietal cortex and decreased FC in the right precentral cortex and right middle occipital cortex. ONFH patients also showed signiﬁcantly decreased cortical thickness in the para-insular area, supplementary motor cortex area and frontal eye field and decreased volume of subcortical gray matter nuclei in the right nucleus accumbens (479.32±88.26 vs 539.44±68.36, P=0.026). Conclusions: Hip disorder patients showed cortical plasticity changes, mainly in sensorimotor and pain-related regions.
Yield Characteristics Strengthening and Yield Strength Anti-Dispersion Identification Based on Bending Deformation
Authors: Duan Yong-chuan , Qiao Hai-di , Zhang Fang-fang , Liu Yu , Tian Le , Yang Liu , Guan Ying-ping
Published: October 2020

The online derivation of material yield is important for consistency control of product quality. Compare with other deformation, bending deformation is more suitable for online identification. The transition portion of bending force stroke curve is related to the yield strength of material, but for a wide set of materials with different thickness and properties, its longer transition curve shows higher identification scattering. In this paper, the yield characteristics strengthening method and the new anti-dispersion identification method are studied to reduce the scattering. It is found that the yield characteristics are comprehensively affected by several factors. The higher yield strength, together with thinner thickness, can weaken the yield characteristics. The thicker material with wider die span can strengthen the yield characteristics. Window vector method (WV) and standardized fitting residual method (SFR) are proposed. Through the numerical study found that the yield load obtained by WV method shows a most accurate correlation with yield strength. A novel piecewise correlation equation is proposed and added a thickness variable to eliminate partial dispersion from varied thickness. Furthermore, this paper uses the experimental data to extract the generalization error of new correlation model fitted by yield loads from WV method, maximum error is below 12%. This method can improve the accuracy and efficiency of online ranking materials.
Silica-Based Nanoparticles Targeting Dendritic Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Liu Yajing , Yao Lintong , Zhang Yun , shen Wenhui , Chen Chunxia , Wang Hongfei , Gao Yanfeng , Qi Yuanming , Chen Zhenzhen
Published: October 2020

BackgroundVaccination is a promising anticancer strategy, but the limited delivery routes and short retention of antigens and immunomodulatory agents are problems that need to be solved in vaccine design. Because silicon nanoparticles have a tunable pore size and high loading capacity, they have been used in a variety of drug delivery systems, but their roles in tumor vaccine and tumor immunotherapy need to be examined.MethodsCD40 mAb was attached to mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) through covalent conjunction, and MSN-CD40/OVA/CpG nanoparticles were examined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle analyzer. In vitro functions of nanoparticles were detected by cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, DC maturation, cross-presentation and T cell priming. In vivo functions were monitored by tumor elimination, DC maturation, cross-presentation and T cell activity.ResultsWe encapsulated anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies, ovalbumin (OVA) antigen, and a toll-like receptor-9 agonist (CpG) in mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). The resulting MSN-CD40/OVA/CpG nanoparticles were efficiently phagocytized by splenocytes and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC). The MSN-CD40/OVA/CpG nanoparticles induced the BMDC to express the costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86, and release tumor necrosis factor-α. We found that MSN-CD40/OVA/CpG nanoparticles correctly enhanced antigen cross-priming, and stimulated T cell proliferation and interferon γ (IFNγ) production in vitro. In vivo, the MSN-CD40/OVA/CpG nanoparticles strongly increased intracellular IFNγ secretion and its release from OVA257–264 peptide-specific splenocytes into the cell supernatant, induced dendritic cell expression of major histocompatibility complex-II, and stimulated lymphocyte CD80 and CD86 expression. The MSN-CD40/OVA/CpG nanoparticles also inhibited tumor growth, enhanced tumor infiltration of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, and stimulated IFNγ secretion from splenocytes. In conclusion, we believe these MSN-CD40/OVA/CpG nanoparticles are a promising strategy for improving antigen cross-presentation, cytotoxic T lymphocyte immune activity, and anti-tumor immunotherapy.