bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interpretasi Hadis Tentang Hubbud Dunya Perspektif Syaikh Abdus-Shamad Al-Falimbani
Authors: Fauziyah Farichatul , Fauzia Anis , Muhid
Published: February 2025

Meningkatnya kecenderungan cinta dunia (hubbud dunya) di kalangan masyarakat modern, terutama di Indonesia, yang dipicu oleh materialisme dan hedonisme. Hal ini berpotensi mencapai pencapaian kebahagiaan akhirat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggali pemikiran Syaikh Abdus-Shamad Al-Falimbani mengenai hubbud dunia dan relevansinya bagi kehidupan masyarakat muslim saat ini. . Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yakni dengan analisis teks, yang fokus pada kitab “Hidayatus Salikin” karya Syaikh Abdus-Shamad. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Syaikh Abdus-Shamad menekankan pentingnya keseimbangan antara kebutuhan jasmani dan rohani, serta mengingatkan bahwa kecintaan yang berlebihan terhadap dunia dapat meningkatkan iman dan menjauhkan seseorang dari tujuan hidup sejati. Ia mengacu pada hadis-hadis Rasulullah SAW untuk menekankan bahwa meskipun ada hal-hal duniawi yang disukai, prioritas utama harus tetap pada amal yang bermanfaat untuk akhirat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa cinta dunia yang berlebihan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan spiritual dan kebahagiaan di akhirat. Oleh karena itu, masyarakat perlu mengadopsi pendekatan seimbang yang mengutamakan spiritual di atas keuntungan materi, agar dapat menjalani kehidupan yang lebih bermakna dan selaras dengan ajaran Islam.
Deconstructing the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict in Online News Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Darojat Alfainy , Widhiatama Daniel Ari
Published: February 2025

This study aims to find the representation of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict presented in Al-Jazeera News and BBC News. The data for this study were words and sentences that represent how Al Jazeera News and BBC News reported the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The data are examined using Fairclough's three-dimensional model. The findings of this study showed that Al Jazeera and BBC News represent the Israeli-Palestinian conflict differently. BBC News represented Hamas as the main actor in the October 7 attacks in Israel and Israeli citizens and soldiers are depicted as victims. Al Jazeera, on the other hand, depicted Hamas as the party responding to Israel's conspiracy against Palestinians, emphasizing a moral commitment to avoid civilian harm and blaming Israeli soldiers and police for civilian casualties.
Investigating English-Speaking Problems of Senior High School Students in Indonesia
Authors: Sabilla Annisa Nur , Kaniadewi Nita
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The study investigated the difficulties senior high school students encounter when speaking English, focusing on vocabulary and fluency. Data were collected from twelve 12th-grade students through observations, semi-structured interviews, and performance documentation. The findings revealed that students’ lack of vocabulary impacted sentence construction and fluency. Students also encountered significant challenges with grammar and pronunciation as they struggled to structure sentences and pronounce words correctly. Confidence issues caused by fear of mistakes and inadequate vocabulary further hampered their speaking abilities. To overcome these challenges, students used methods like engaging with English media and digital tools and practicing with proficient speakers. The study highlighted the importance of immersive learning and targeted practice in enhancing English-speaking proficiency and confidence.
Indonesian Food Translation Approaches Found in 5-Star Hotel Restaurant Menus in Bali
Authors: Kencana Ni Putu Rena Wahyu , Kuntayuni  , Pratama Agus Darma Yoga
Published: February 2025

This research investigated the translation strategies used to translate Indonesian food menus into English at 5-star hotel restaurants in Bali. It also explored the use of cultural-specific items (CSIs) in these translations. The study employed a qualitative research method, gathering data from the official websites of six different 5-star restaurants in Bali. The primary theoretical framework was Beekman and Callow's "Lexical Equivalence When Things or Events Are Unknown in the Receptor Language" (1974). Additionally, Tang Yingmin's (1981) theory on Cultural-Specific Items (CSIs) was applied to identify and categorize the types of CSIs found in the translations. The findings indicated that the most frequently used translation approach was Equivalence by Modifying a Generic Word, followed by Equivalence by Cultural Substitution and Equivalence by Using a Loan Word. Among the CSIs, ingredients were the most commonly represented category, accounting for 35% of the total. Furthermore, the data revealed that translators not only translated the names of main dishes but also provided additional details about side dishes.
Systematic Review: How the Reading Aloud Strategy Still Used in the Last Five Years
Authors: Nirwana Iin , Mahmudah Khotimah , Pratama Aryawira
Published: February 2025

The main objective of this study is to explore a study of Reading Aloud Strategy in Teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and its relevance in contemporary educational settings. This research specifically addresses the following objectives: to identify the implications of RA implementation, determine the most effective strategies for its application, and evaluate its effectiveness across different educational levels. Data in the form of articles retrieved through internet search engines at the last five years; between 2018 and 2022. Key search terms included "Reading Aloud," "EFL reading strategies," and "teaching reading comprehension." Articles were selected based on criteria such as publication type, accessibility, participant demographics, research methods, and their focus on RA in EFL contexts. Findings are categorized based on their contributions to answering the research questions, providing insights into the strategic implementation and outcomes of RA in various educational settings. The result reveals that the RA strategy continues to be a adaptable and valuable strategy in Teaching English. Educators are still encouraged to adapt RA methods to their specific classroom contexts, using both traditional and technological approaches to maximize student outcomes in reading comprehension and other learning objectives.
Investigating Students’ Academic Self-Efficacy in Play Performance Class
Authors: Mukti Thomas Wahyu Prabowo , Triprihatmini Veronica
Published: February 2025

Play Performance class at the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University is designed to introduce students to fundamental concepts of drama and elaborate underlying principles of drama performance that come into play. In this course, not only do students learn about drama aspects, but they are also actively encouraged to practice and perform their soft skills in dealing with various challenges in preparing the performances. The researchers focused on finding out students’ academic self-efficacy in dealing with diverse challenges in this class. The researchers analyzed 29 students’ progress test 1, progress test 2, and final test reflection to investigate the students’ academic self-efficacy developments and factors contributing to the academic self-efficacy. The results showed that most students considered themselves not having self-efficacy at the beginning of the class. However, after facing several challenges, students’ academic self-efficacy was growing. This study illuminates the positive impact of giving students challenges to foster self-efficacy while practicing their English skills. The findings imply that educators should provide students enough opportunities to grow from both successes and failures in the context of academic journey and provide adequate supports during the period.
A Multimodal Discourse Analysis on Street Graffities about Indonesian Police
Authors: Rifpan Putra Afriansyah  , Eva Tuckyta Sari Sujatna  , Nani Darmayanti
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this writing is to uncover how graffiti can multimodally represent Indonesian police and create ideology through the use of its textual and visual element. This writing is descriptive qualitative research with multimodal discourse analysis approach. The data of this research are collected through the internet, as the real graffities have been erased from the real-life locations. The data of this research consist of virtual images and sentences of the graffiti that have been documented. The data are analysed through the use of Gunther Kress and Theo van Leeuwen’s multimodal discourse analysis theory of the representational meta-functions, and Michael Halliday’s ideational meta-functions. The analysis is divided into textual and visual analysis. The result of the analysis shows that the graffities represented ideologies that Indonesian police is easily corrupt, enemy of the people, and does not accept critique from the public by the use of specific visuals and words. The graffities that are used as the data of this research are forms of the creators’ ideologies toward Indonesian police.
A Research-Informed Approach to Curriculum Development: Designing a Vocational English Course for a Specific Topic in Graphic Design
Authors: Syairofi Ahmad , Suwarno Suwarno
Published: February 2025

Since the inception of vocational secondary schools in Indonesia, the English curriculum for such schools has been considered general English rather than vocational English, which serves as the medium of English learning for the students’ future work. This issue becomes a challenge for English teachers to design their courses to align with what has been mandated in the national curriculum and, simultaneously, the students’ needs according to their major of study. To address this issue, this paper examines vocational English curriculum designs from the literature. It uses their insights to develop an English curriculum design for specific topics in a vocational secondary school context. Vocational English curriculum designs from two countries (i.e., Taiwan and Poland) and five ESP course development models from prominent academic studies were analyzed. The analysis concerns the four key aspects of ESP (i.e., needs analysis, learning objectives, materials and methods, and evaluation). This paper makes explicit the curriculum development processes in ESP courses and proposes a course design model for a specific topic in graphic design.
Flipping the Classroom: The Indonesian Evidence-Based Analysis of Flipped Learning Impact on English Language Learners' Engagement and Academic Performance
Authors: Prasetya Rizky Eka
Published: February 2025

The content and scope of this paper are to provide an evidence-based analysis of the impact of flipped Learning on English language learners' engagement and academic performance. The objective of the paper is to explore the efficacy of flipped learning in enriching student engagement and academic performance. The study implemented a convergent parallel design mixed-methods approach to analyze the impact of flipped learning. The empirical studies revealed that flipped learning significantly positively impacts student engagement compared to traditional teaching methods, with a moderate effect size (d=0.56). Similarly, the analysis of exam scores indicated that students in the flipped learning group outperformed their peers in the traditional teaching group, with a small to medium effect size (d=0.35). The thematic analysis of the interview data revealed that contextual factors such as course content, student characteristics, and instructional strategies play a significant role in the effectiveness of flipped learning. The findings suggest that flipped learning is a functional approach to enhancing student engagement and academic performance. The results of this study provide empirical evidence for the benefits of flipped learning and support its implementation in various educational contexts. This study's findings exposed that English lecturers can use flipped learning as an effective instructional strategy to enhance student engagement and academic performance. The study emphasizes the need for English lecturers to consider contextual factors when designing and implementing flipped learning activities to optimize their effectiveness.
The Impact of CEFR-Aligned Writing Assessments on Enhancing ESL/EFL Learners' Writing Competence: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Sunengko Sunengko
Published: February 2025

This systematic literature review (SLR) investigates the impact of CEFR-aligned writing assessments on ESL/EFL learners' writing competence from 2019 to 2024. Using the PRISMA framework, the review evaluates studies comparing CEFR-based writing interventions with traditional assessment methods, focusing on grammatical accuracy, coherence, and overall writing proficiency. Data were sourced from Scopus using well-defined inclusion criteria. Key themes include feedback mechanisms (peer, teacher, and automated tools like Grammarly), the role of digital platforms, and learner engagement. Findings suggest that CEFR-aligned assessments provide structured, outcome-driven writing improvement, especially when supported by feedback and technology-enhanced instruction. However, limitations remain concerning long-term effects and the applicability of gamified learning tools for advanced learners. This review underscores the need for future research into writing assessment scalability, task-based rubrics, and the integration of AI-driven evaluation tools in CEFR-based writing instruction.
Microscopic, Molecular, and Pathogenic Characterization of Acremonium: Insights into its Biology, Culture Characteristics, and Clinical Implications
Authors: Gulzar Ayesha , Riaz Nistran , Riaz Saba , Iqbal Hafiza Amna , Saleem Ariba , Amin Muhammad Waqas , Mahmood Waqas , Alam Hafiz Munsif , Abdullah Obaid Muhammad , Ather Nimra
Published: February 2025

Fungal genus Acremonium sclerotigenum reported as rare opportunistic pathogenic fungi. A.sclerotigenum is a rare clinical isolate that has not been reported previously from Southern Punjab Pakistan. The Goal of study is to determine the actual spectrum of morphological, microscopic and molecular characterization of A.sclerotigenum. Acremonium sclerotigenum was analyzed for phenotypic diversity on different growth medias, humidity effect on fungal growth by culture characteristics, microscopy and identified at molecular level. Morphological examination revealed hyaline, septate hyphe giving rise to conidiophores with numerous micro conidias. A.sclerotigenum showed optimum growth on sabourad dextrose agar and oat meal agar medium A.sclerotigenum produce white, smooth cottony colony at 92% humidity with maximum growth. A.sclerotigenum strain was analyzed by culture characteristics and further identified by PCR and sequencing of ITS region. Study revealed that sabourad dextrose agar media is an appropriate growth media for A.sclerotigenum while optimum temperature for A.sclerotigenum culturing ranges from 25°C to 35°C. Study suggested A.sclerotigenum has adaptability to physiological factors such as humidity. A detailed research on the factors and aspects involved in pathogenicity caused by A.sclerotigenum, is still to be investigate.
Nutritional Strategies to Enhance Immunity in Poultry: A Review of Feed Additives and Dietary Formulations
Authors: Rauf Umber , Ali Sadaqat , Sajid Muhammad , Ahmad Abid , Mahmood Waqas , Abdullah Obaid Muhammad , Azam Muhammad Nouman , Hina Qazal , Assad Muhammad Ali , Jan Hafiz Aftab
Published: February 2025

This review explores the effect of nutritional strategies on improving immunity in poultry with special emphasis on additives and diet formulations. Poultry immunity is sensitive to dietary components; nutrients such as antioxidants, essential fatty acids, probiotics, prebiotics, and phytochemicals are critical for modulating immune responses. Incorporating phytogenic feed additives and nutraceuticals into diets has quickly been perceived as a safe, natural strategy to boost poultry immunity. Finally, the emerging concept of precision nutrition, in which diets are designed specifically to the needs of the individual bird, provides a rationale for feeding specific nutrients to optimize immune function. Novel feed processing technologies, such as extrusion, fermentation, and encapsulation, also help improve the bioavailability of immune-enhancing nutrients. The review also pointed out that alternative protein sources like insects and algae fit into this category, making poultry health feasible for outstanding sustainability. The bioinformatics approach package will integrate various omics technologies and personalized nutrition science to specify further immune-enhancing dietary strategies. The extensive review highlights the role of nutrition in enhancing poultry immunity and insights into novel interventions in enhancing poultry health.
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Short-term Mortality in Acute Ischaemic Stroke
Authors: Mehrin Dr. Kashfia , Mursalin Dr. Golam , Samdani Dr. Tasrina Shamnaz , Hoque Dr. A.K.M Aminul , Ahmed Dr. Kazi Gias Uddin
Published: February 2025

Background: Acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with early mortality being a critical concern. Inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of AIS, influencing outcomes. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a readily available marker of systemic inflammation, has emerged as a potential predictor of stroke prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the role of NLR in predicting short-term mortality among AIS patients. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Medicine & Department of Neurology in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from February 2018 to July 2018. A total of 384 participants suffering from acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) who were admitted to the hospital within 24 hours of onset were enrolled as the study subjects purposively. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Results: In this study of 100 acute ischaemic stroke patients, the mean age was 60.71±11.19 years. Eighteen percent of patients died within 30 days’ post-stroke. Mortality was significantly associated with higher WBC, neutrophil count, NLR, RBS, and TG, and lower lymphocyte count (p<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that each unit increase in NLR, along with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, significantly increased the odds of 30-day mortality (p<0.05). Conclusion: In acute ischaemic stroke patients, an elevated neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a significant predictor of 30-day mortality. NLR, along with comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, can help identify high-risk patients for better management.
Procalcitonin as a Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Mursalin Dr. Golam , Islam Dr. Mehdi Rafique Al , Alauddin Dr. Md. , Mehrin Dr. Kashfia , Das Dr. Debasish , Hoque Dr. Md. Rezwanul
Published: February 2025

Background: Renal dysfunction following cardiac surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Procalcitonin has demonstrated effectiveness as a biomarker for guiding the initiation and duration of antibiotic therapy in patients admitted to intensive care units. This study aimed to assess procalcitonin as a predictor of acute kidney injury following cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2021 to December 2023. A total of 40 patients who underwent elective cardiopulmonary bypass surgery were enrolled purposively. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Results: Postoperatively, 37.5% of patients experienced acute kidney injury (AKI), with 86.7% classified as stage 1 and 13.3% as stage 2 AKI. A significant association was observed between the development of AKI and elevated postoperative procalcitonin levels (p < 0.05), indicating that higher procalcitonin levels correlate with an increased risk of AKI. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis of procalcitonin levels for AKI diagnosis revealed an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.860 (95% CI: 0.725–0.995). A procalcitonin cutoff value of ≥4 ng/ml demonstrated 80% sensitivity and 92% specificity. Conclusion: The increased serum procalcitonin levels on 1st post-operative day can predict acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
The Role of Duration in Cardiopulmonary Bypass on Thyroid Function in Cardiac Surgical Patients
Authors: Islam Dr. Mehdi Rafique Al , Hoque Dr. Md. Rezwanul , Alauddin Dr. Md. , Tahsin Dr. Shajnina , Mursalin Dr. Golam , Ali Dr. Md. Shawkat , Cherry Dr. Sameya Zannat , Majumder Dr. Md. Faisal Nafis
Published: February 2025

Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is an essential technique in cardiac surgery, but it can induce physiological changes, including alterations in thyroid function. Prolonged CPB duration is associated with a stress response, hypothermia, and hemodilution, potentially leading to transient hypothyroidism or euthyroid sick syndrome. This study aimed to assess the role of duration in cardiopulmonary bypass on thyroid function in cardiac surgical patients. Methods: This comparative study at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, (BSMMU), Bangladesh from September 2021 to August 2022. A total of 54 cardiopulmonary bypass patients grouped by CPB duration: A (<60 mins), B (60-90 mins), C (>90 mins) were included in this study. Data analysis was done using SPSS 29.0. Results: TSH and FT3 values decreased significantly across groups (C > B > A). Mean ±SD TSH values in samples I-IV were A: 2.93-2.60, B: 2.51-1.36, C: 2.76-1.06. FT3 values were A: 4.25-4.00, B: 4.29-3.03, C: 4.26-2.46. FT4 values (A: 15.14-14.39, B: 15.30–14.67, C: 15.03-13.94) showed no significant differences. Conclusion: TSH and FT3 levels show a greater reduction in patients with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) durations of 60-90 minutes compared to those with <60 minutes, with the most significant decline observed in patients with CPB durations >90 minutes. Conversely, no notable decrease in FT4 levels was observed across the groups in this study.
Manfaat Pemberian Probiotik pada Usia Lanjut Terhadap Hitung Bakteri Asam Laktat, Coliform, Aerob, Anaerob serta Enzim Î²-glukosidase dan Î²-glukuronidase
Authors: Tamba Ernawaty
Published: February 2025

AsbtrakÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Pribiotik adlah salah satu mikroorganisme hidup yang jika dikomsumsi dalam jumlah adekuat ,dapat mengubah keadaan bakteri dan aktivitas enzim di saluran cerna dengan meningkatkan bakteri baik,menurunkan aktivitas enzim yang berperan pada perubahan suatu prokarsinogen menjadi karsinogen,sehingga di harapkan pemberian probiotik akan menurunkan risiko terjadi kanker kolorektal dalam jangka panjang. Penelitian dilakukan di Panti Werda Hana, jakarta selatan,penelitian ini merupakan suatu penelitian eksprimental dengan desain pre-post test pada satu kelompok mendapat susu yang di tambahkan pribiotik yg mengandung leuconostoc mesenteroides.sampel sebanyak 34 orang diambil dri populasi yg memenuhi kriteria penerimaan .Periode perlakuan di lakukan selama 6 minggu yang terbagi atas dua tahap pemberian susu selama 3minggu dan tahap pemberian susu yang di tambahkan probiotik selama 3 minggu . Setelah pemberian susu dan setelah pemberian probiotik dilakukan pemeriksaan hitung bakteri asam laktat,coliform,aerob,anaerob,serta enzim Î²-gukuronidase dan Î²-glukuronidase. Hasil Â penelitian dengan uji test berpasanhgan di dapatkan setelah pemberian susu probiotik, terjadi kenaikan hitungan bakteri asa laktat penurunan total bakteri coliform dan aktivitas enzim Î²-glukuronidase. Penelitian ini menunjukan potensi probiotik dalam mencegah kanker kolorektal,oleh karena itu disarankan pemberian probiotikpada lansia,karena kelompok ini mempunyai risiko yang lebih tinggi untuk terjadinya kanker kolorektal .Kata kunci :probiotik,bakteri,asamlaktat,coliform,bakteri,aerob, Î²-glukosidase, Î²-glukuronidase,lanjut usia
Pembentukan Cluster Gen Vancomisin Resisten Enterococcus
Authors: Pasaribu Donna Mesina Rosadini
Published: February 2025

AbstrackResistensi vancomisin diekspresika oleh kehadiran gen VanA pada transposon atau loncatan elemen genetik Tnl 546. Ada lima fenotip Vancomisin resistensi yaitu VanA, VanB, VanC, VanD dan VanE. Mekanisme resistensi Enterococcus terhadap golongan glikopeptida karena ekspresi gen VanA menyebabkan sentesis terminasi prekoursor peptidoglikan tidak normal, menjadi D-Ala-D-lactat yang seharusnya D-Ala-D-Ala. Selain itu ekspresi gen VanA, juga memengaruhi sintesis terminasi pentadepsipeptida dalam D-Ala-D-Lac dan aktivitas fungsi protein inti untuk menghasilkan ligase, asam D-hidroksi dehidrogenase, dan D-lactase.Kata kunci : Elemen genetik Tn546, Vancomisin Resisten Enterococcus, VanA
Formulasi liniment kombinasi jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum Theilade) dan atsiri daun peppermint (Menthae piperitae L.) sebagai aromaterapi
Authors: Limbong Yulia Safitri
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Essential oils can be used in external medicine applications, such as scrubs, massage oils, lotions, room fresheners, and so on. Essential oils can be used directly. Objective: This study aims to determine whether a combination of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum Theilade) essential oil and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) leaf essential oil can be formulated into a liniment preparation for aromatherapy. Method: This study was conducted experimentally to observe the effects or phenomena arising from specific treatments. It includes sample preparation, formulation of the preparation, and evaluation of physical quality such as organoleptic tests, homogeneity test, pH test, irritation test, and hedonic preference test. Results: The results of the study showed that the organoleptic examination of the liniment preparation made from red ginger and peppermint essential oils indicated a clear liquid with a red ginger and mint aroma and yellow color. The preparation was homogeneous and met the required pH standards. It did not cause irritation. The best concentration used in the formulation of the liniment preparation combining red ginger and peppermint essential oils for aromatherapy was (20% : 20%) due to its pleasant aroma and taste for the panelists. Conclusion: The study concluded that the combination of red ginger essential oil and peppermint eaf essential oil can be formulated into a liniment preparation for aromatherapy, with the best concentration being F3 (20% : 20%)..
THE RELEVANCE OF MACHIAVELLI’S HUMAN NATURE THEORY IN 21ST CENTURY
Authors: Panthor Debbarma  , James Kaipeng  , Suhel Tripura
Published: February 2025

The thoughts of Machiavelli is one of the most significant ones in the field of Political Science. As he is considered as the thinker who marks the beginning of modern political thought. The ‘Human Nature Theory’ describes humans as dark in character and immoral in society. This papers intends to seek whether the theory only relates to the problems of human behaviour of Machiavelli’s contemporary era or its relevance is still visible in the present times. It also discusses the fact that the theory of human nature has went on to influence Thomas Hobbes in later period, who also mentions the same equalities of humans in his ‘state of nature’ theory. Accordingly, this paper attempts to see through its relevance in the current notion of modern civilized society. The paper also studies the postmodernism perspective of multiple realities, to relate that different human nature may exist differently in different time and place. That the realities faced by Machiavelli might have been just his version of reality. In the line, it also accepts the realist philosophy of power and domination, relevance in the present day context, which Machiavelli propounded, by providing example of the conflicts in 21st century. It intends to contemplate the success which the people have been able to achieve in developing ourselves morally and rationally to act in a peaceful and cooperative manner for the greater good of the society.
KEYWORDS: Immoral, Realist, Postmodernism, Conflicts, Ungrateful, Cowardly
Assessment of hand function in patients with systemic sclerosis based on physiotherapy examination after 2 years of rehabilitation
Authors: Łuczak Joanna , Szczerba Michał , Szymańska Elżbieta , Jarosz-Popek Joanna , Czaplicka Anna , Walecka Irena
Published: February 2025

Aim: To analyze the hand function of patients with systemic sclerosis treated at the Dermatology Clinic of PIM MSWiA after a 2-year individually tailored rehabilitation program. This program consisted of a set of manual exercises and self-massage of the upper limbs, performed at home and adapted to the patient’s movement abilities.
Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 55 patients aged 27 to 80 years (mean 56.4) with systemic sclerosis, who received cyclical rheological treatment at the Dermatology Clinic. For 2 years, the therapy was supported by individually tailored manual exercises and self-massage of the upper limbs. Before and after the therapy, the quality of hand grips and related independence in performing daily life activities were analyzed. The project was completed by 42 patients.
Results: The majority of the studied patients did not have any problems with the cylindrical grip (61.9% in the left hand and 59.5% in the right hand). If problems occurred, they were most often moderate (14.3% in the left hand and 11.9% in the right hand) or significant (19.0% in the left hand and 21.4% in the right hand).
Conclusions: The studies confirmed that the majority of patients did not experience any problems with cylindrical, hook, pulp, and pinch grips (both in the left and right hands). Moreover, the vast majority of patients had the same condition in both hands. If problems did occur, they were most often significant in both hands. All patients were independent and self-sufficient according to the Barthel scale and obtained the maximum number of points.
Histostructure of bone tissue after restoration of blood flow in patients with ischemic form of diabetic foot syndrome
Authors: Tamm Tamara I. , Nepomniashchyi Valentyn V. , Pavlov Sergey B. , Mamontov Ivan M. , Shakalova Olena A. , Litvinova Olga B.
Published: February 2025

Aim: To study the histostructure of bone tissue in case of disruption of its blood supply and after restored blood flow in patients with ischemic form of diabetic foot syndrome.
Materials and Methods: The histostructure of bone fragments in 25 patients with isolated ischemic form of diabetic foot syndrome was studied. Bone tissue biopsy specimens from 6 patients against the background of progressive ischemia were studied. In addition, the histostructure of bone tissue after revascularization with complete restoration of blood flow in 19 patients was studied.
Results: The analysis of bone tissue biopsy specimens showed that disruption of blood supply of the limb tissues for a long time leads to impaired matrix calcification, decreased cortex thickness, widening of osteon channels and sparse trabecular network in the bone structure. Such changes were the signs of bone resorption that was not clinically or radiologically apparent. Revascularization with full restoration of blood flow promoted the appearance of signs of bone tissue regeneration in the form of vessel formation in bone and periosteum.
Conclusions: Adequate blood flow is an important clinical factor contributing to the restoration of bone regeneration in patients with ischemic form of diabetic foot syndrome.
Educational needs of medical service providers on issues of continuous improvement of the quality of integrated medical care and ways of providing tchem
Authors: Mykytenko Nataliia M. , Diachuk Mykhаilo D. , Demydenko Yaroslava S. , Inshakova Hanna V. , Gruzieva Tetiana S.
Published: February 2025

Aim: To determine modern strategies of quality assurance in medical care and to meet educational needs of health care professionals regarding the quality of medical care.
Materials and Methods: The study programme included sociological surveys of healthcare professionals on their educational needs in terms of quality assurance of medical care. The study used bibliosemantic, sociological, medical and statistical methods, and content analysis. The study materials included scientific publications, the WHO program documents, national-level regulations and questionnaires on their educational needs in terms of quality of care and patient safety.
Results: Data show that, there are still a lot of problems in quality assurance and safety of health care services. The respondents highly appreciated the results of implemented JCI requirements at the healthcare facility ([mean ± standard error] 4,3±0,07 points on a five-point scale), the level of information about current operational processes, changes, plans etc. (4,4±0,06), the clarity and comprehensibility of the quality assurance tasks (4,5±0,04), the control method (4,6±0,05), and the attitude of the management (4,6±0,05). The need to improve knowledge and acquire more competencies in health care quality was identified ([rate ± standard error] 88,4±2,30 respondents per 100 respondents).
Conclusions: The assessments by health care providers of the quality of medical care, level of knowledge on these issues and the need to improve them, with prioritization of topics and forms of training, found in the course of the study, form the basis for the programs of continuous improvement of medical care quality.
AI Integration Blueprint
Authors: Sidorkin Alexander M.
Published: February 2025

The document outlines a comprehensive strategy for integrating AI into higher education, emphasizing the need for curriculum restructuring, pedagogical transformation, and strategic implementation to prepare students for an AI-augmented future.

AI as an Educational Opportunity: Higher education institutions should reframe AI use from a discipline issue to an educational opportunity, as detection and prohibition approaches are ineffective and worsen equity gaps.
Emphasis on Meta-AI Skills: Learning outcomes should be revised to emphasize meta-AI skills like prompt engineering, output evaluation, and AI collaboration, which require higher cognitive engagement than traditional skills.
Curriculum Restructuring: Universities need to update general education requirements and program sequences to reflect AI-transformed professional practices, ensuring students develop both domain knowledge and AI collaboration skills.
Permanent and Temporary Scaffolding: Pedagogy should distinguish between temporary scaffolding for developing basic meta-AI skills and permanent scaffolding where AI tools are used professionally, focusing on sophisticated collaboration patterns.
Personalized Learning Support: RAG-based technology can provide personalized learning support through custom AI tutoring systems that offer targeted assistance while maintaining accuracy through controlled knowledge bases.
Enhanced Student Services: AI integration can enhance student services by streamlining administrative processes and providing proactive, accessible support across departments, benefiting underserved students.
Operational Efficiency: AI can improve operational efficiency in higher education by enhancing enrollment management, academic administration, and research support workflows.
Strategic Implementation: Successful AI integration requires decisive leadership, strategic resource allocation, and active management of organizational resistance, with a focus on high-impact areas.
INFORMATION SECURITY ARCHITECTURE IN THE LIFE CYCLE OF EXPLAINABLE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Assistant of the Department, Dubna State University, Dubna, Russia, Shevchenko Alexey V. , Averkin Alexey N. ,   Ph.D., Associate Professor, Lead Researcher, PRUE, Moscow, Russia,
Published: February 2025

The paper examines the software development life cycle (SDLC) and proposes a model of the explainable artificial intelligence development life cycle (EAIDLC). The working architecture of EAI systems is designated. Taking into account the presented architecture and the proposed life cycle, the correlation of information security risks and EAIDLC stages is provided. It is proposed to consider the use of secure software development methods in the process of ensuring EAIDLC security.
SOFTWARE MODULE FOR FUNDUS IMAGE ANALYSIS: A MULTIMODAL HYBRID APPROACH WITH AN EXPLAINABLE INTERFACE
Authors:   Postgraduate student, assistant of the department Dubna State University, Dubna, Russia, Trofimov Yuri V. , Averkin Alexey N. ,   Ph.D., Associate Professor, Lead Researcher,Dubna State University, Dubna, Russia
Published: February 2025

The present article focuses on a software module specifically designed for accurate and explainable diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy (DR)—one of the leading causes of vision loss among adult patients. The module employs a hybrid (multimodal) approach that integrates Grad-CAM, LIME, SHAP, and generative models, providing a comprehensive analysis of fundus images along with clear visual and textual explanations. Experimental findings demonstrate the high efficacy of this solution and highlight its potential for further enhancement. The software module serves as an interim validation in a larger project aimed at developing transparent and explainable artificial intelligence systems in medicine.
Desconexão, Trabalho Decente e Saúde Mental do Trabalhador
Authors:   Vanessa Rocha Ferreira
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo tem como finalidade discutir o instituto do direito à desconexão do trabalho, sob a ótica do trabalhado decente, com o intuito de analisar os impactos ocasionados na saúde mental dos trabalhadores, evidenciando a importância do direito ao descanso e do direito ao lazer.Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, eminentemente bibliográfica e documental, que utiliza o método hipotético-dedutivo para testar a hipótese inicial de que a inovação tecnológica aliada as novas modalidades de trabalhopropiciam o desrespeito ao direito à desconexão,violando os preceitos basilares do trabalho decente, e ocasionando danos à saúde mental do trabalhador.
Comparative Analysis of the impact of the Jomtien and Salamanca Declarations on National Education Policies
Authors:   Rimmi Datta, Sreelogna Dutta Banerjee and Jayanta Mete
Published: February 2025

This study presents a comparative analysis of the Salamanca Declaration (1994) and the Jomtien Declaration (1990), focusing on their respective influences on national education policies in five countries: In as much as the two indicators are concerned, the country that scored high was the European country, Canada and was followed by Spain, India, South Africa and Brazil. Policies towards the education of the disabled children have been advanced in the developed world also due to the Salamanca Declaration. On the other hand, the developing countries like India, Brazil and China still facing the same issues which are funding, infrastructure and lack of training for the teachers. Similarly, as the Jomtien Declaration which demand for enactment of primary education for all has made an influence in education all over the world. Some among them is the India’s: Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and Brazil’s Bolsa Família, for which there has been expansion of enrolment and retention of school going children. However, one of the crucial areas of concern is the equity in the provision of quality education for all since an aspect that influences the implementation of improvement significantly is still problematic in that developed countries are highly affected with the majority of the developing countries being worst affected. These results point more seriously to long-term sustenance and commitment coupled with international cooperation and use of appropriate policies to eliminate such enduring problems. Thus, the following actions are needed to complete this SOC for socio-economic integration and enhance teachers’ quality to meet the visions of the equitable and quality BEC for every child, regardless their social classes or learners’ needs.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of basic life Support (BLS) and Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Among Undergraduates and Postgraduates of Private Dental College - A Questionnaire Based Survey
Authors:   Pradeep Kumar, Dr. Deivanayagi, Dr. Narmadha Chandran and Dr. Elamparithi
Published: February 2025

The aim of study is to assess the knowledge and awareness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and basic life support among dental undergraduate students, interns and post graduates. A questionnaire of 15 questions about the attitude and basic knowledge of CPR and basic life support was circulated among 250 students belonging to third year, final year, interns, and postgraduate students of Adhiparasakthi Dental College and hospital, melmaruvathur. All data will be analyzed manually and tabulated in order to assess the clinical knowledge in emergency situations.
Como a Prática de Diferentes Atividades Físicas Influenciam no Desenvolvimento das Habilidades Cognitivo Físico-Motoras em Crianças de 6 a 10 Anos Com Transtorno do Espectro Autista: Uma Revisão Integrativa
Authors:   Evanir Sebastião dos Santos, Fabrício Porto Matrone, Nathalia Bernardes and Bruna Gabriela Marques
Published: February 2025

A presente revisão integrativa buscou responder à questão: Como a prática de diferentes atividades físicas e programas de exercícios físicos influencia no desenvolvimento das habilidades cognitivo físico-motoras em crianças de 6 a 10 anos com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA)? A busca foi realizada nas plataformas PubMed e Scielo, resultou em 194 artigos, 2 estavam duplicados e foram eliminados e 192 artigos foram pesquisados, dos quais 11 foram selecionados para análise, totalizando uma amostra de 417 crianças diagnosticadas com e sem TEA. Os estudos revisados indicam que programas de exercícios físicos e atividades estruturadas, como natação, artes marciais, dança, yoga e jogos motores, promovem benefícios significativos no desenvolvimento das habilidades motoras, como equilíbrio, coordenação e força, bem como no aprimoramento cognitivo, especialmente na atenção, memória e habilidades executivas. Além disso, foram observados impactos positivos no comportamento social, como maior engajamento em interações e redução de comportamentos repetitivos.Os resultados sugerem que intervenções físicas regulares, planejadas de acordo com as necessidades específicas das crianças, contribuem de forma expressiva para o desenvolvimento global das habilidades físico-cognitivas. Contudo, destacam-se como limitações a heterogeneidade dos programas analisados, variações metodológicas entre os estudos e a ausência de padronização na avaliação de resultados. Estudos futuros são necessários para estabelecer diretrizes mais robustas para a implementação de atividades físicas adaptadas a esse público.Essa revisão reforça a importância de inserir práticas físicas no cotidiano, incluindo a escola, de crianças com TEA, promovendo benefícios que vão além da saúde física, incluindo o desenvolvimento integral e a melhoria na qualidade de vida.
Phenotypic Changes and Meiotic Abnormalities Induced by Plant Growth Regulators in Zea Mays L
Authors:   Ashraf H. Abd-El Hady, Ali M El-Adl, ShimaaI A Kandil and Mervat I Kamal
Published: February 2025

The Maize is ranked the third cereal crop in the world after rice and wheat. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are synthetic hormones that are effective or more than natural plant hormones. This study aimed to assess phenotypic changes and meiotic abnormalities induced in maize influenced by PGRs. Two single hybrid genotypes of maize, as well as, two PGRs including gibberellic acid (GA3) and ethephon were used in this study. Maize grains were soaked in two different concentrations of each PGR for 12 hours before sowing in the field. The experimental design was a randomized block design arranged in split-split plots with three replications per treatment. GA3 displayed a wide spectrum of meiotic anomalies in the H1 genotype, the most being stickiness, varied asynchronization, stray bivalent, multivalent and late movement of chromosomes toward the opposite poles. Meanwhile, meiotic anomalies induced by GA3 in the H2 genotype include stickiness, chromosome scattering and varied asynchronization. Ethephon induced meiotic abnormalities in the H1 genotype were related to laggards, stickiness, disorientation of bivalents, multivalent with non-oriented on the equatorial plate, disturbed polarity, chromosome scattering, cytoplasmic attachment and stray bivalent. Other aberrations induced by ethephon in the H2 genotype include non-oriented bivalents at metaphase I. The spectrum of meiotic aberrations was found higher in H1 than in H2 genotype, as well as, at metaphase than anaphase and telophase. These abnormalities can cause male sterility. This finding can open novel approaches in plant breeding programs of the species that are devoted to hybridization where manual cross-pollination is difficult and time-consuming.
Agronomic measures for Taming sand and Dust Storms in Kuwait and South of Iraq
Authors:   A.M. Bahman, Azza Al Jassim, Manar M. Mansour, Mohamed Nassar and Mohammed Sadeqi
Published: February 2025

Desertification can be effectively mitigated by implementing many measures to reduce the formation of sand and dust storms. This article focuses on agricultural activities for restoration and rehabilitation of areas most prone to wind erosion in Southern Iraq, based on a scientific approach within the “improved resilience to transboundary sand and dust storms in Kuwait and Iraq Project”, financed by Kuwait Fund. Implementing entities of the on-going project are the United Nations Human Settlements Programme of Kuwait and Iraq, with Kuwait institute for scientific research as the main scientific arm. In addition to other partners in Iraq, i.e. ministry of agriculture, ministry of water resources, universities of Thi-Qar and Al-Muthanna. The project emphasizes on infrastructure works and monitoring, consultancy services and capacity building, planning and management. Shelter belts considered as the most effective nature-based technique for mitigating soil stabilization within the project area, provided the availability and supply of required water through construction of suitable engineering designed irrigation systems, for the movement of water from the East Euphrates drainage system to the priority area. The scientific essence of this project enriched the knowledge and understanding of the nature of sand and dust storms that originate in this part of the world, and lead to recommendations and mitigation measures, with subsequent intervention plans by using suitable approaches to reduce sand and dust storms formation.
Hypertension in Pregnancy: A comprehensive overview and Homoeopathic Management
Authors:   Dr. Anita Aagle, Singh Nilu Harish, Sonawane Mayur Arun, Sonawane Rohit, Suryawanshi Ashwini and Shirsath Nikita
Published: February 2025

Hypertension in pregnancy is a significant cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide. This condition encompasses various types, including gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and chronic hypertension. Effective management is critical to ensuring maternal and fetal well-being. This article provides an overview of hypertension in pregnancy, exploring its causes, risk factors, clinical presentation, complications, and management strategies, with a focus on homoeopathic interventions.
Organophosphorus Poisoning: A Comprehensive Overview and Homoeopathic Management
Authors:   Dr. Bapusaheb Harishchandre, Nalawade Akash Shivaji, Patil Milind Anil, Labade Pratik Balasaheb, Gutte Someshwar Mahadev, Bansode Shantarani Balaji and Shinde Tanuja Sanjay
Published: February 2025

Gastroesophageal Organophosphorus (OP) poisoning is a significant global health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Organophosphorus compounds are widely used as pesticides in agriculture and are also associated with industrial use. Accidental or intentional exposure to these compounds can result in severe toxicity and, if untreated, death.