bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ETHNOBOTANY OF DUSUN PEOPLE IN TIKOLOD VILLAGE, TAMBUNAN DISTRICT, SABAH, MALAYSIA
Authors: Kulip Julius
Published: July 2016

The ethnobotanical studies of the Dusun people in Tikolod village, Tambunan district, Sabah, Malaysia were conducted from July 25th to 30th, 2011 and from March 9th to 10th, 2012. The result shows that there were 160 species in 62 families of plants used. Among them, there were 83 species (in 36 families) of edible plants, 75 species (in 44 families) were medicines, 12 species (in nine families) were used for constructions and handicraft and eight species (in six families) were used for musical instruments and animal traps. There were 24 species of plants that have two or more uses. Of the total, 87 species or 54% were native or collected from the natural forest nearby and 73 species or 45% of these plants were exotic (introduced plants). The most commonly used of plant families were Poaceae (Gramineae) with 14 species, followed by Moraceae and Zingiberaceae, with eight species each and Arecaceae (Palmae), Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rutaceae and Solanaceae, with seven species each.
A NEW COMBINATION IN OROPHEA (ANNONACEAE) FOR UVARIA NITIDA ROXB. EX G. DON
Authors: Turner Ian M.
Published: July 2016

The identity of Uvaria nitida Roxb. ex G.Don. (Annonaceae) has not been considered for 180 years. The plant is only known from material grown in the Calcutta Botanic Garden in India following introduction from, reportedly, the Moluccas. Examination of a specimen from the Brussels Herbarium, designated here as lectotype, indicates that the species is a member of Orophea subgenus Sphaerocarpon, similar to Orophea gabra Merr. A new combination in Orophea is made.
BUTTERFLIES OF GUNUNG HALIMUN-SALAK NATIONAL PARK, JAVA, INDONESIA, WITH AN OVERVIEW OF THE AREA IMPORTANCE
Authors: Peggie Djunijanti , Harmonis Harmonis
Published: July 2016

Data on the occurrence of butterfly species at Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park is presented based on collections and observations obtained in 2004, 2007, 2009 and 2010. In total, 161 butterfly species (10 Hesperiidae, 23 Lycaenidae, 86 Nymphalidae, 17 Papilionidae, 21 Pieridae, and 4 Riodinidae) were recorded. Of the total number of species, 133 were recorded from Gunung Halimun and 82 were recorded from Gunung Salak. The occurrence of butterflies at this national park was compared with data known from other localities in Java. The significance of Gunung Halimun-Salak NP in terms of the butterfly diversity is discussed.
Procalcitonin as a diagnostic tool for bacterial neonatal sepsis
Authors: Nelly Nely , Tjipta Guslihan Dasa , Hakimi Hakimi , Lubis Bugis Mardina
Published: July 2016

Background Bacterial sepsis is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can reduce the mortality rate. Blood culture is the gold standard for diagnosis of bacterial sepsis, but it requires 3-5 days for results. Since the disease may progress rapidly in neonates, a faster diagnostic test is needed. Measurement of procalcitonin levels may be a quick method to diagnose bacterial sepsis in neonates. Some studies found the sensitivity of procalcitonin to be between 92-100%. Objective To assess the use of procalcitonin as an early diagnostic tool for bacterial neonatal sepsis. Methods This diagnostic study was conducted from October 2011 to February 2012. Forty-three neonates in the Perinatology Unit at H. Adam Malik Hospital were suspected to have bacterial sepsis. They underwent routine blood counts, blood cultures, as well as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin measurements. Subjects were collected by consecutive sampling. The gold standard of sepsis was based on any microorganism found in blood culture. Results Of 43 neonates, 36 neonates had bacterial sepsis. We found that procalcitonin sensitivity was 100%, specificity 85.71%, positive predictive value 97.29% and negative predictive value 100%. The ROC curve showed a cut-off point of 0.929 (95%CI 0.713 to 0.953). Conclusion Procalcitonin is useful as an early diagnostic tool for bacterial neonatal sepsis.
Number of siblings and allergic rhinitis in children
Authors: Sastra Soewira , Irsa Lily , Loebis Muhammad Sjabaroeddin , Evalina Rita
Published: July 2016

Background Allergic rhinitis is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood. Recent studies have suggested that having fewer siblings was associated with allergic rhinitis and atopic diseases in children. Previous studies also indicated that older siblings was associated with higher incidence of allergic rhinitis.Objectives To assess for a possible association between number of siblings and allergic rhinitis and to assess for an effect of birth order on allergic rhinitis in children.Methods We performed a cross-sectional study among school children aged 7 to 15 years, in the West Medan District from July to August 2011. Children with moderate or high risk of allergy were included. Subjects were divided into two groups, those with <3 siblings or ≥3 siblings. Children with acute respiratory tract infections, septal deviation, choanal atresia, nasal polyps, nasal tumors, or nasal foreign body were excluded. Risk of allergy was determined using the Indonesian Pediatrics Allergy Immunology Working Group trace card scoring system. Identification of allergic rhinitis and evaluation of its severity were done by use of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) core questionnaire. Allergic rhinitis was diagnosed based on history, physical examination, and anterior rhinoscopy.Results A total of 78 subjects were enrolled. Allergic rhinitis was significantly higher in children with <3 siblings than those with ≥3 siblings (OR 10.33; 95%CI 3.569 to 29.916). Furthermore, allergic rhinitis was significantly higher in first-born children than in their younger siblings (P=0.0001).Conclusion Larger number of siblings and non-first-born children are associated with lower incidence of allergic rhinitis in children.
Lactobacillus probiotics for treating functional dyspepsia in children
Authors: Ahyani Tuty , Supriatmo Supriatmo , Deliana Melda , Yudiyanto Ade Rachmat , Sinuhaji Atan Baas
Published: July 2016

Background Functional dyspepsia is a common gastrointestinal disorder in school-aged children, though, there is no reliable treatment. Probiotics are live microorganisms administered in adequate amounts to confer beneficial health effects on the host. Although definitive evidence is lacking, several studies have found probiotics to be effective for relieving symptoms of dyspepsia, particularly abdominal pain and bloating.Objective To determine the efficacy of lactobacillus probiotics for treating functional dyspepsia in children.Method A double-blind, randomized controlled trial was done from April to June 2012 in five schools in the Pakpak Bharat Regency, North Sumatera. A total of 116 children who fulfilled the Rome III criteria for functional dyspepsia were randomized into 2 groups to receive either lactobacillus probiotics or placebo for 2 weeks. All patients received a diary to record symptoms and frequency of pain daily. The primary outcome for treatment was defined to be no pain at the end of the intervention.Results The probiotics and placebo groups were not significantly different in recovery from functional dyspepsia (29.3% vs. 13.8%, respectively; P=0.432). However, compared to the placebo group, the probiotics group had significantly reduced frequency of pain (P=0.0001), but no significant differences in pain severity (P=0.08) or pain duration (P 0.091).Conclusion There are no significant differences in recovery from functional dyspepsia, pain severity, or pain duration between the probiotics and placebo groups. However, the probiotics group has significantly reduced frequency of pain compared to that of the placebo group.
Prostaglandin E2 and patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants
Authors: Mochammading Mochammading , Kaban Risma Kerina , Yanuarso Piprim Basarah , Djer Mulyadi
Published: July 2016

Background Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart disease most commonly occurring in premature infants. Spontaneous ductus arteriosus (DA) closure in premature infants has been suggested to be associated with duct lumen maturity and the DA sensitivity to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).Objective To assess for a possible correlation between serum PGE2 levels and PDA size in premature infants.Methods This observational study using repeated measurements on premature infants with PDA detected at days 2-3 of life was undertaken in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Fatmawati Hospital, Jakarta, from April to May 2014. The PDA was diagnosed using 2-D echocardiography and PGE2 levels were measured by immunoassay. Pearson’s correlation test was used to evaluate a possible correlation between PGE2 level and DA diameter.Results Thirty-three premature infants of median gestational age 31 (range 28-32) weeks and median birth weight 1,360 (range 1,000-1,500) grams were enrolled. Almost two-thirds of the subjects were male. Almost all (30/33) subjects had spontaneous DA closure before the age of 10 days. Subjects’ mean DA diameter was 2.9 (SD 0.5) mm with maximum flow velocity of 0.2 (SD 0.06) cm/sec, and left atrial-to-aortic root ratio (LA/Ao) of 1.5 (SD 0.2). Their mean PGE2 levels at the ages of 2-3, 5-7, and after 10 days were 5,238.6 (SD 1,225.2), 4,178.2 (SD 1,534.5), and 915.2 (SD 151.6) pg/mL, respectively. The PGE2 level at days 2-3 was significantly correlated with DA diameter (r = 0.667; P < 0.001), but not at days 5-7 (r = 0.292; P = 0.105) or at day 10 (r = 0.041; P = 0.941).Conclusion There is a strong, positive correlation between the PGE2 level and DA diameter in preterm infants at 2-3 days of age. However, there is no significant correlation between PGE2 level and persistence of PDA.
Marketing as a Means to Transformative Social Conflict Resolution: Lessons from Transitioning War Economies and the Colombian Coffee Marketing System
Authors: Barrios Andrés , de Valck Kristine , Shultz Clifford J. , Sibai Olivier , Husemann Katharina C. , Maxwell-Smith Matthew , Luedicke Marius K.
Published: July 2016

Social conflicts are ubiquitous to the human condition and occur throughout markets, marketing processes, and marketing systems. When unchecked or unmitigated, social conflict can have devastating consequences for consumers, marketers, and societies, especially when conflict escalates to war. In this article, the authors offer a systemic analysis of the Colombian war economy, with its conflicted shadow and coping markets, to show how a growing network of fair-trade coffee actors has played a key role in transitioning the country's war economy into a peace economy. They particularly draw attention to the sources of conflict in this market and highlight four transition mechanisms—empowerment, communication, community building, and regulation—through which marketers can contribute to peacemaking and thus produce mutually beneficial outcomes for consumers and society. The article concludes with a discussion of implications for marketing theory, practice, and public policy.
Chemical Substitution and High Pressure Effects on Superconductivity in the LnOBiS2 (Ln = La-Nd) System
Authors: Fang Y. , Wolowiec C. T. , Yazici D. , Maple M. B.
Published: July 2016

A large number of compounds which contain BiS
Informed Consent in Decision-Making in Pediatric Practice
Authors:   COMMITTEE ON BIOETHICS, Katz Aviva L. , Macauley Robert C. , Mercurio Mark R. , Moon Margaret R. , Okun Alexander L. , Opel Douglas J. , Statter Mindy B.
Published: July 2016

This Policy Statement was reaffirmed January 2023.

Informed consent should be seen as an essential part of health care practice; parental permission and childhood assent is an active process that engages patients, both adults and children, in health care. Pediatric practice is unique in that developmental maturation allows, over time, for increasing inclusion of the child’s and adolescent’s opinion in medical decision-making in clinical practice and research.
Informed Consent in Decision-Making in Pediatric Practice
Authors: Katz Aviva L. , Webb Sally A. ,   COMMITTEE ON BIOETHICS, Macauley Robert C. , Mercurio Mark R. , Moon Margaret R. , Okun Alexander L. , Opel Douglas J. , Statter Mindy B.
Published: July 2016

This Technical Report was reaffirmed January 2023.

Informed consent should be seen as an essential part of health care practice; parental permission and childhood assent is an active process that engages patients, both adults and children, in their health care. Pediatric practice is unique in that developmental maturation allows, over time, for increasing inclusion of the child’s and adolescent’s opinion in medical decision-making in clinical practice and research. This technical report, which accompanies the policy statement “Informed Consent in Decision-Making in Pediatric Practice” was written to provide a broader background on the nature of informed consent, surrogate decision-making in pediatric practice, information on child and adolescent decision-making, and special issues in adolescent informed consent, assent, and refusal. It is anticipated that this information will help provide support for the recommendations included in the policy statement.
Oxygen Targeting in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Cummings James J. , Polin Richard A. ,   COMMITTEE ON FETUS AND NEWBORN, Watterberg Kristi L. , Poindexter Brenda , Cummings James J. , Benitz William E. , Eichenwald Eric C. , Poindexter Brenda B. , Stewart Dan L. , Aucott Susan W. , Goldsmith Jay P. , Puopolo Karen M. , Wang Kasper S.
Published: July 2016

The use of supplemental oxygen plays a vital role in the care of the critically ill preterm infant, but the unrestricted use of oxygen can lead to unintended harms, such as chronic lung disease and retinopathy of prematurity. An overly restricted use of supplemental oxygen may have adverse effects as well. Ideally, continuous monitoring of tissue and cellular oxygen delivery would allow clinicians to better titrate the use of supplemental oxygen, but such monitoring is not currently feasible in the clinical setting. The introduction of pulse oximetry has greatly aided the clinician by providing a relatively easy and continuous estimate of arterial oxygen saturation, but pulse oximetry has several practical, technical, and physiologic limitations. Recent randomized clinical trials comparing different pulse oximetry targets have been conducted to better inform the practice of supplemental oxygen use. This clinical report discusses the benefits and limitations of pulse oximetry for assessing oxygenation, summarizes randomized clinical trials of oxygen saturation targeting, and addresses implications for practice.
Orvosok egészség-magatartása
Authors: Németh Anikó
Published: July 2016

Introduction: Health behaviour involves maintaining, improving and restoration of health. Aim: The aim of the author was to assess correlations of health behaviour with age, gender, job type and overtime. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire (N = 186). Data were analyzed with chi-square, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Results: Doctors working in in-patient care drink more coffee (p = 0.034) and energy drinks (p = 0.018); they eat undisturbed only on weekends at home (p = 0.032). Men consume more alcohol (p = 0.003), red meats (p<0.001) and hot meals (p = 0.018) and their daily fluid consumption exceeds 2 litres (p = 0.005); their body mass index values are higher compared to women (p<0.001; U = 2289.0). Doctors in primary care eat more hot meals (p = 0.005), and those under the age of 30 consume more crisps, fast food (p = 0.001) and energy drinks (p = 0.005), while they are more active (p = 0.010). Conclusions: Dietary habits of doctors are not ideal and their physical activity is diminished compared to international trends. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(30), 1198–1206.
Desempenho de frangos de corte e digestibilidade de rações com sorgo ou milheto e complexo enzimático
Authors: Leite Paulo Ricardo de Sá da Costa , Leandro Nadja Susana Mogyca , Stringhini José Henrique , Café Marcos Barcellos , Gomes Natali Almeida , Jardim Filho Roberto de Moraes
Published: July 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a digestibilidade de rações formuladas com sorgo (Sorghum bicolor), ou milheto (Pennisetum glaucum) e adição de um complexo enzimático comercial composto de amilase, carboidrases, proteases e fitase, e o desempenho de frangos de corte. Para avaliação de desempenho, foram alojados 1.800 pintos de corte machos em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 2x2, com quatro tratamentos (rações com sorgo ou milheto com ou sem adição de complexo enzimático) e cinco repetições com 60 aves por unidade experimental. Nos ensaios de metabolismo realizados dos 10 aos 14 e dos 24 aos 28 dias, foram distribuídos 420 pintos machos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2x2 (rações com milheto ou sorgo com ou sem adição de complexo enzimático). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas com o teste F para contrastes ortogonais. Nas rações elaboradas com sorgo, a adição do complexo enzimático proporcionou melhores coeficientes de digestibilidade da gordura e do nitrogênio. A adição de complexo enzimático em rações formuladas com sorgo melhora a conversão alimentar somente na fase inicial de criação dos frangos, enquanto a adição de complexo enzimático não melhora o desempenho de frango nas rações elaboradas com milheto.
Hematologia de tilápias-do-nilo alimentadas com dietas com óleos vegetais e estimuladas pelo frio
Authors: Araujo Daniel de Magalhães , Pezzato Antonio Celso , Barros Margarida Maria , Pezzato Luiz Edivaldo , Nakagome Fernando Kojima
Published: July 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de dietas com diferentes relações entre ácidos graxos poliinsaturados ômega-6 e ômega-3 nos parâmetros hematológicos e lipídeos plasmáticos de tilápias-do-nilo, antes e após estímulo pelo frio. Foram utilizados 320 alevinos invertidos para macho (±7,5 g), distribuídos aleatoriamente em 40 tanques (250 L) e alimentados com oito dietas: basal (sem adição de óleo), 6% de óleo de girassol (OG), 5% de OG + 1% de óleo de linhaça (OL), 4% de OG + 2% OL, 3% de OG + 3% de OL, 2% de OG + 4% de OL, 1% de OG + 5% de OL e 6% de OL. Os parâmetros hematológicos e os lipídeos plasmáticos foram determinados ao final de 85 dias de cultivo e após três dias de estímulo pelo frio. Não houve efeito das dietas sobre nenhuma das variáveis analisadas no período anterior ao estímulo. O número de leucócitos foi reduzido em peixes alimentados com a dieta 6% de OL, após estímulo pelo frio. O estímulo pelo frio provocou um declínio do estado geral de saúde, como leucopenia. Tilápias-do-nilo alimentadas com dietas com 6% de OL apresentaram menor resistência ao frio.
Interação genótipo x ambiente e características pré-desmama em animais da raça Simental em duas estações de nascimento
Authors: Diaz Iara Del Pilar Solar , Araujo Neto Francisco Ribeiro de , Marques Luiz Fernando Aarão , Oliveira Henrique Nunes de
Published: July 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da interação genótipo x ambiente (GxA), nas características peso à desmama e ganho de peso do nascimento à desmama, em machos e fêmeas da raça Simental, nascidos nas estações chuvosa e seca. Foram avaliados 20 mil animais, aos 210 dias de idade. Realizou-se uma análise multicaracterística, que considerou como distinta a mesma característica nos diferentes grupos ambientais, e uma análise unicaracterística, que considerou cada característica como a mesma em todos os grupos ambientais. Ainteração GxA foi avaliada por meio da correlação genética (r g). As interações foram consideradas importantes quando os valores de r g ficaram abaixo de 0,80. As distribuições posteriores das estimativas de herdabilidades mostraram ausência de heterogeneidade de variâncias entre os sexos, entretanto houve interação GxA entre os grupos ambientais. Observaram-se valores de correlação genética de 0,54 a 0,78 e 0,55 a 0,75 para peso à desmama e ganho de peso do nascimento à desmama, respectivamente. As seleções, baseadas tanto na análise unicaracterística quanto na multicaracterística, não mostraram diferenças significativas quanto ao ganho genético dos animais. Há efeito das estações de nascimento nas características avaliadas, em todos os grupos ambientais, e a interação GxA é mais evidente em fêmeas do que em machos.
Lower Limb Rehabilitation System Interfaced with a Videogame: A Potential Application for Landmine Victims
Authors:   , Yepes J. C.
Published: July 2016

Worldwide there are approximately 3,308 records of landmine victims during a year. 67% of them suffered injuries which require physical rehabilitation. This paper presents a data acquisition system for landmine victims rehabilitation, interfaced with a videogame, which enables to interact with a racing game. The therapist can set the minimum speed required for the rehabilitation and analyze the forces and speed developed while pedaling. The conceptual development incorporates a commercial static bicycle, sensors to measure the pedaling force, an optic sensor to measure the speed, and command buttons to control the videogame. In order to evaluate the system, the sensors were characterized and tested, and a survey was conducted to 20 physiotherapists in order to evaluate the perception of ergonomics, safety and possible benefits of the data acquisition system for rehabilitation of landmine victims. 70%, 90% and 80% of the physiotherapists, respectively, assessed these characteristics as High level. Moreover, at least 85% of them agrees with nine possible benefits for rehabilitation of landmine explosion victim. Therefore, it is proposed that the data acquisition system can be used as a serious game that supports rehabilitation therapies of people with a prosthesis due to this cause.
Fehler in Prozessen zuverlässig erkennen
Authors: Windmann Stefan , Eickmeyer Jens , Niggemann Oliver
Published: July 2016

Eine zuverlässige Prozessüberwachung ermöglicht es, Kosten und Risiken zu reduzieren, indem Fehler und Probleme im Prozessablauf frühzeitig erkannt und im besten Fall ein Produktionsstopp der Anlage vermieden wird. Im Beitrag werden stochastische Methoden zur Fehlererkennung behandelt. Die betrachteten Methoden basieren auf der Auswertung der Wahrscheinlichkeit fehlerhafter Messwerte hinsichtlich gegebener stochastischer Modelle. Verschiedene stochastische Modelle werden bezüglich ihrer Vor- und Nachteile untersucht und in experimentellen Untersuchungen evaluiert.
Simulation verteilter Systeme: neuartige Analyse-Methoden
Authors: Lorenz Martin , Jovalekic Silvije
Published: July 2016

Angesichts der stetig wachsenden Komplexität von verteilten Systemen in der Automatisierungs- und Automobiltechnik ist es für mittelständische Hersteller von Steuergeräten immer wichtiger, fortschrittliche Simulationsverfahren zu verwenden. Diese ermöglichen es, einzelne Komponenten zu entwickeln, zu testen und den Rest des verteilten Systems zu modellieren und zu simulieren. Im Beitrag wird das verteilte System als Netzwerk von Teilnehmern und Verbindungen in Form von Feldbussen, Tasks und Kommunikationsparameter beschrieben. Das Verhalten der Teilnehmer kann dabei mit Simulink-Modellen, Quellcode in C/C++ und mit statistischer Vorgabe von Tasklaufzeiten beschrieben werden. Die Laufzeiten der Teilnehmer und der Verbindungen werden mit numerischer Wahrscheinlichkeitsverteilung beschrieben. Die neuen Verfahren wurden bei der Entwicklung eines Kommunikations-Stacks und bei der Regelung für magnetisches Schweben mit CAN-basierter Kommunikation erprobt.
Topologiemodelle in AutomationML
Authors: Hoernicke Mario , Messinger Christian , Arroyo Esteban , Fay Alexander
Published: July 2016

Das Forschungsthema Automatisierung der Automatisierung (AoA) gibt es im akademischen Umfeld über ein Jahrzehnt. Entstanden sind Methoden zum automatischen Erzeugen von Planungsartefakten, die nachweislich funktionieren und einen Mehrwert für die Automatisierungstechnik bringen. Um AoA zu nutzen, wird ein Modell der Anlagentopologie benötigt. AutomationML hat sich dafür bereits bewährt, allerdings führen die Freiheiten, die AutomationML erlaubt, oft zu Anlagenmodellen, die nur schwer durch Softwarealgorithmen auswertbar sind. Dieser Beitrag zeigt ein Vorgehen zur Modellierung, basierend auf AutomationML, das zu Anlagenmodellen führt, die sich sehr effizient in Software abbilden lassen. Eine 1:1-Abbildung des AutomationML-Modells in Microsoft .NET ist damit möglich.
Planejamento e gestão de custos: estudo de caso de uma empresa do segmento agropecuário
Authors: Enderle Rodrigo Xavier , Curcio Bruna Rosa , Boff André Luís Nunes , Santos Fernanda Carlini Cunha , Duarte Georgea Rita Burck
Published: July 2016

Objetivando estabelecer indicadores para planejamento e tomada de decisão futura, o presente trabalho realizou uma avaliação do custo operacional efetivo de uma empresa rural. Foram analisados: gastos com renovação e recuperação de pastagens, nutrição, mão de obra e manejo sanitário de uma empresa agropecuária. Não foi verificada diferença significativa entre os valores médios dos anos avaliados. Foram aferidas as contribuições dos itens supracitados, para a formação do custo operacional efetivo (COE) total. Estas contribuições mantiveram-se estáveis, podendo ser utilizadas como indicadores em planejamentos de custos futuros. As contribuições das componentes, para formação do COE total, estão relacionadas com o tamanho do plantel e com os padrões de qualidade estabelecidos para a criação. Ferramentas como controle de receitas e despesas, planejamento de custos e análise de resultados são recursos que, adequadamente adaptados as especificidades do setor, qualificam a capacidade administrativa do negócio e consequentemente a busca por gerenciamento eficiente e sustentável.
Estatística aplicada a administração usando o software R
Authors: Da Silva Filho Augusto Sousa , De Souza Alessandra Caetano
Published: July 2016

O R é um software gratuito e muito utilizado nas ciências exatas e/ou engenharias para a determinação de estatísticas básicas e avançadas. No entanto o programa R não apresenta uma interface agradável ao usuário inexperiente, impossibilitando assim a sua difusão, principalmente nas ciências gerenciais. Para facilitar a utilização deste poderoso programa por outras áreas do conhecimento, foi desenvolvido um pacote chamado Rcmdr. Graças ao desenvolvimento do Rcmdr, foi possível tornar a interface do R bem mais amigável e convidativa, facilitando o seu uso por alunos e profissionais liberais de diversas áreas do conhecimento. Este relatório técnico tem por objetivo apresentar aos alunos iniciantes do R os primeiros passos ao uso do pacote Rcmdr e determinar as principais estatísticas descritivas de forma rápida e dinâmica.
Treinamento e desenvolvimento técnico-operacional para novos funcionários não-gerenciais das organizações privadas x Satisfação dos clientes
Authors: Delfino Sandra de Oliveira
Published: July 2016

Treinamento e desenvolvimento nas organizações são temas importantes e desafiadores para tratar no mundo corporativo. Porém, também sabemos a dificuldade das organizações em dedicar tempo e orçamento para realizar tais treinamentos, principalmente para os novos funcionários. Em outros casos, a empresa informa que existe este programa de desenvolvimento, porém não aplicam no seu dia-a-dia e este público deveria receber todas as orientações necessárias nos seus primeiros dias de trabalho para desempenhar com excelência a sua função, trabalhando de acordo com as normas, objetivos e expectativas pré-determinados pela organização, além de oferecer um ótimo atendimento aos clientes. O líder tem papel fundamental neste processo e deverá direcionar este novo funcionário realizando, inclusive, o monitoramento, acompanhamento deste programa, avaliação dos resultados, bem como feedback aos novos funcionários. O desenvolvimento e comprometimento dele é uma das maneiras da organização satisfazer as necessidades dos seus clientes.
O profissional pedagogo empresarial: análises em torno de sua identidade e atuação na gestão de pessoas
Authors: Silva Robson Carlos , Moura Cândida Angélica
Published: July 2016

O artigo versa sobre o profissional pedagogo empresarial, a construção de sua identidade e sua atuação em empresas e organizações. O problema que fomentou o estudo foi elaborado a partir da seguinte inquirição: quais atividades são inerentes ao pedagogo empresarial e como ele deve planejar e organizar as atividades que caracterizam sua ação nas instituições? Realizamos uma investigação bibliográfica em livros e artigos que versam sobre a temática, efetivando um diálogo com nossas experiências práticas na condução de processos em gestão de pessoas em diversas instituições. O estudo teve como fio condutor as ideais de Ribeiro (2008, 2010), Lopes (2009), Bomfin (2007), Senge (2006), Libâneo (1991) e Freire (2001a, 2011b). Os resultados encontrados remetem ao entendimento de que o pedagogo empresarial, além de se constituir em um profissional de fundamental importância, contribui de forma significativa na solidificação de trabalhos exitosos em gestão de pessoas em instituições e organizações empresariais.
Epidemiology of Chagas Disease in Non-Endemic European Countries
Authors: Cambronero-Cortinas Esther
Published: July 2016

Chagas disease results from infection by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and was presviously described as an endemic disease focused in populations living in poor rural areas of Latin American countries. Currently, migrant populations and some modes of transmission such as blood and organ donation or vertical transmission from infected mothers to their children have caused the spread of this disease beyond its natural geographical boundaries. In Europe, Spain, with over half of these migrants, is undoubtedly the most important recipient, followed by Italy, France and United Kingdom. However, in non-endemic countries there is no universal screening systems and also physicians are often poorly trained in recognizing this disease. So far, few countries are aware of the emergence of this disease and only few European countries have established changes in their health system to address this disease. The National European Health authorities should take part to this model-of-care, adapting in this new epidemiological scenario with screening this pathology in blood donors, organ donations or vertically from mother to child at birth. These mechanisms are the main forms of human infestation in nonendemic countries and are, therefore, the major targets for reduction of spread.
El pensamiento literario ilustrado en Inglaterra
Authors: Navas Ocaña María Isabel
Published: July 2016

El pensamiento literario ilustrado en Inglaterra
Las disciplinas del contraste de lenguas: cuestiones terminológicas
Authors: Ramón García Noelia
Published: July 2016

Las disciplinas del contraste de lenguas: cuestiones terminológicas
Comparative Study of Trace Metrics between Bibliometrics and Patentometrics
Authors: Ye Fred Y. , Huang Mu-Hsuan , Chen Dar-Zen
Published: July 2016

Purpose

To comprehensively evaluate the overall performance of a group or an individual in both bibliometrics and patentometrics.

Design/methodology/approach

Trace metrics were applied to the top 30 universities in the 2014 Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU)—computer sciences, the top 30 ESI highly cited papers in the computer sciences field in 2014, as well as the top 30 assignees and the top 30 most cited patents in the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) computer hardware and software category.

Findings

We found that, by applying trace metrics, the research or marketing impact efficiency, at both group and individual levels, was clearly observed. Furthermore, trace metrics were more sensitive to the different publication-citation distributions than the average citation and h-index were.

Research limitations

Trace metrics considered publications with zero citations as negative contributions. One should clarify how he/she evaluates a zero-citation paper or patent before applying trace metrics.

Practical implications

Decision makers could regularly examine the performance of their university/company by applying trace metrics and adjust their policies accordingly.

Originality/value

Trace metrics could be applied both in bibliometrics and patentometrics and provide a comprehensive view. Moreover, the high sensitivity and unique impact efficiency view provided by trace metrics can facilitate decision makers in examining and adjusting their policies.
Epidemiology of Cracker (Fire Works) Injuries in a Tertiary Burn Care Centre
Authors: Rajeswari B. , Shankari B. , Selvaraj Angeline
Published: July 2016

Fireworks related burns are one of the causes of recurring incidences of burn injuries every year during festivals. Sporadic events are reported in family and communal celebrations / temple festivals and in funerals. These burns are different from other burns as the burn percentage is not the major burden,  but the increasing number of patients with cracker burn injuries with loss of hand function, loss of vision and at times blast injury of the face with major tissue loss and multiple fractures (shattered tissues), which are challenging for the reconstructive surgeon, are major concern. The vulnerable groups are innocent children who sustain injuries due to ignorance, negligence and lack of supervision. These fire cracker burn wounds are to be classified separately as the wounds are more like traumatic wounds than burn wounds. They are also associated with more morbidity than mortality.(1,2,3)

 The management of these wound is multidisciplinary, with involvement of various specialists like paediatricians, ophthalmologists, psychiatrists, orthopaedic surgeons and specialists in rehabilitative medicine along with plastic and reconstructive surgeons.Reconstruction of blast hand and face needs multiple surgeries and prolonged period of physiotherapy and rehabilitation. The effective and appropriate decision made in the acute phase is important to reduce their morbidity.(4)
Eco-Friendly Bleaching of Soda-AQ Chemical Elephant Dung Pulp
Authors: M. Saleem , N. Yaqoob , I. Ur- Rehman
Published: July 2016

Elephant dung is an excellent source of cellulosic fibers that is a basic requirement for paper making. In this study, bleaching was carried out by using eco-friendly bleaching agents such as sodium percarbonate, oxone and hydrogen peroxide. Soda-anthraquinone (soda-AQ) semi-chemical and chemical elephant dung pulps were bleached at varying doses of bleaching agents, bleaching aids and reaction time. Presence of residual lignin after pulping stage was imparting brown color to the pulp and hence was removed by subsequent bleaching stages. Soda-AQ chemical pulps was treated with different multistage bleaching sequences. The results of this study showed that sodium percarbonate and oxone could not achieve targeted brightness for elephant dung pulp samples. Whereas, using three stage hydrogen peroxide bleaching sequence [AP5P3P2] helped to achieve the targeted brightness ~ 60.0 % G.E without much sacrificing the other optical and physical properties of the pulp. Eco-friendly bleaching helped to increase the beauty of the final product. Being rich in fiber, elephant dung pulp has a potential to be blended with other raw materials to make hybrid exotic papers of high market value.
A Hybrid Based Approach for Object Tracking in Video
Authors: R Amith. , Aradhya V.N. Manjunath
Published: July 2016

Tracking of moving objects in video sequences are essential for many computer vision applications & it is considered as a challenging research issue due to dynamic changes in objects, shape, complex background, illumination changes and occlusion. Many traditional tracking algorithms fails to track the moving objects in real-time, this paper proposes a robust method to overcome the issue, based on the combination of particle filter and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), which predicts the position of the object in the image sequences using stable wavelet features, which in turn are extracted from multi scale 2-D discrete wavelet transform.  Later, PCA approach is used to construct the effective subspace. Similarity degree between the object model and the prediction obtained from particle filter is used to update the feature vector to handle occlusion and complex background in video frames. Experimental results obtained from the proposed method are encouraging.
Elemental concentration in deposited dust on urban tree leaves depending applied washing method
Authors: Molnár Vanda
Published: July 2016

In our study, the concentrations of elements were determined in leaves and deposited dust of Quercus robur and Celtis occidentalis which were washed with distilled water, rainwater and tap water. According to our results, each washing solutions had a significant effect on the elemental concentrations in the foliage dust. The highest concentrations of aluminum, chromium, copper, iron, manganese and zinc were detected in the foliage dust which was washed down with rainwater. The highest strontium and barium concentrations were found in the foliage dust which was washed down with tap water. We observed chromium and manganese accumulation in Q. robur leaves, while the concentrations of barium, copper and strontium were the highest in C. occidentalis leaves. Our results demonstrated the effect of rainwater on tree leaves which phenomenon occurs naturally. Rainwater may wash down the dry deposited foliage dust from the leaf surface, but it also delivers a certain concentration of elements through wet deposition.
Prediction of industrial land use using linear regression and mola techniques: A Case Study of Siltara Industrial belt
Authors: Mustak Sheikh , Baghmar Naresh , Singh Sudhir
Published: July 2016

The Siltara Industrial belt is an important industrial pocket of Chattisgarh state located in the northern part of the Raipur city, which is rapidly growing. In this process spatial, cultural, political and administrative factors are controlling its rate, direction and pattern. The Simple Linear Regression (SLR) and Multi-Objective Land Allocation (MOLA) techniques, which are embedded in SPSS and Idrisi Kilimanjaro software respectively, and have been used for the estimation of future scenario of the industrial growth. In this model, a suitable platform has been prepared in which future industrialization has been estimated by integrating physical, social, cultural factors and land acquisition policy. In this article, results have revealed that industrialization has occurred very fast during last one decade. The industrial land was 6.15 km2 in 2001 and 18.725 km2 in 2011 and estimated as 31.30 km2 in 2021 and 43.87 km2 in 2031 using SLR. The rapid industrial growth is very critical issues for agrarian society and fresh environment. This model very accurately estimating (overall accuracy=95.39%, Kno=97.24%, agreement=98.63 %) the future growth of industrial land. This work will be useful to the planners and policy makers of private and government sectors to regulate the sustainable planning practices and smart decision-making.
Statoil: Subsea Compression Systems To Extend Field Life
Authors: Whitfield Stephen
Published: July 2016

A closer look at the design and construction of Statoil's subsea gas compression systems in the åsgard and Gullfaks fields, the first of their kind in the oil and gas industry.
Barite-Scaling Risk and Inhibition at High Temperature
Authors: Zhang Fangfu , Dai Zhaoyi , Yan Chao , Bhandari Narayan , Yan Fei , Liu Ya , Zhang Zhang , Ruan Gedeng , Kan Amy T. , Tomson Mason B.
Published: July 2016

Barite (BaSO4) is one of the common scales in oil-and-gas production. Extensive work has been conducted to study barite nucleation and inhibition at temperatures below 100°C. However, with the advance in deepwater exploration and production (E&P) which can encounter high-temperature (HT) conditions, a better understanding of barite-scaling risk at HT (e.g., > 150°C) becomes essential. In this paper, a systematic study was conducted to explore barite nucleation kinetics from 70 to 200°C in synthetic brines containing phosphonate (0–10 ppm) or polymeric (5–10 ppm) scale inhibitors. A 2-hour protection time with or without any detectable barite nucleation was used to define the scaling risk. To detect barite nucleation, two novel apparatuses were developed—a modified dynamic flow loop and a batch reactor. The modified dynamic flow loop has a retention time of up to 4 hours and is ideal to carry out experiments at higher than 100°C. Ba concentrations in the effluents were monitored to determine barite nucleation more precisely compared with traditional “tube blocking” technique. The new batch reactor uses our newly developed laser-detection method, a transparent pressure tube, and an oil bath. The transparent pressure tube allows laser light to pass through and can withstand 150-psi pressure at 175°C, therefore providing an efficient approach to study the precipitation kinetics of scales and to evaluate inhibition efficiency of inhibitors at HT. Constant inhibitor-concentration isopleths of diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonic acid (DTPMP) for barite inhibition were constructed on the basis of our experimental data. Finally, a semiempirical model that is based on data of barite nucleation and inhibition kinetics from this study and previous work was built to predict scaling risk of barite at different physicochemical conditions. This model covers a wide range of temperature (from 4 to 200°C) and brine compositions. It also covers the effect of Ba2+–SO42− ratio in solution, common cations (e.g., Ca2+), and thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors on barite precipitation. Model precipitations were found to be consistent with field observations. The results of this study can guide the design of barite-scale treatment for HT oil-and-gas production.
Wellbore Failure During Water-Alternating-Gas Injection by Use of Flow-Stress Coupling Method
Authors: Bataee Mahmood , Irawan Sonny , Ridha Syahrir , Hematpour Hamed , Hamdi Zakaria
Published: July 2016

Accurate evaluation of failure pressure is crucial in the design of injection wells. Besides, in-situ stresses play an important role in obtaining the results. Pressure and rock stresses are related together as the role of effective-stress theorem. In fact, pressure changes with stress alteration caused by change in porosity and permeability. Therefore, it should be obtained with the coupling method. Moreover, to calculate pressure, temperature, and stress in the fully coupling method, a huge matrix should be solved, and it takes long processing time to implement it. Therefore, this study developed a wellbore geomechanical model for stability during injection by use of the iterative coupling method. The processing speed was enhanced in this study because the parameters were calculated separately. The parameters of pressure, temperature, saturation, and stress were obtained for the multiphase-flow condition with numerical modeling. Furthermore, in this study, the finite-difference method (FDM) had been used to solve pressure, temperature, and saturation, whereas the finite-volume method (FVM) was applied to solve the wellbore stress. On top of that, the iterative coupling method was used to improve the accuracy of the stress results. As a result, a correction of approximately 20 psi (0.14 MPa) was noted for pressure in relation to stress, which is 1 psi (6.89 kPa). Moreover, the Drucker-Prager failure criterion was used to model the fracturing on the basis of the stress results. Other than that, sensitivity analysis on horizontal maximum (σH) and minimum (σh) stresses showed that by increasing σH, the maximum injection pressures to avoid fracturing had been reduced, whereas in the case for σh, an increment was observed.
Are There Clinical Implications of Racial Differences in HbA1c? A Difference, to Be a Difference, Must Make a Difference
Authors: Selvin Elizabeth
Published: July 2016

Studies that have compared HbA1c levels by race have consistently demonstrated higher HbA1c levels in African Americans than in whites. These racial differences in HbA1c have not been explained by measured differences in glycemia, sociodemographic factors, clinical factors, access to care, or quality of care. Recently, a number of nonglycemic factors and several genetic polymorphisms that operate through nonglycemic mechanisms have been associated with HbA1c. Their distributions across racial groups and their impact on hemoglobin glycation need to be systematically explored. Thus, on the basis of evidence for racial differences in HbA1c, current clinical guidelines from the American Diabetes Association state: “It is important to take…race/ethnicity…into consideration when using the A1C to diagnose diabetes.” However, it is not clear from the guidelines how this recommendation might be actualized. So, the critical question is not whether racial differences in HbA1c exist between African Americans and whites; the important question is whether the observed differences in HbA1c level are clinically meaningful. Therefore, given the current controversy, we provide a Point-Counterpoint debate on this issue. In the preceding point narrative, Dr. Herman provides his argument that the failure to acknowledge that HbA1c might be a biased measure of average glycemia and an unwillingness to rigorously investigate this hypothesis will slow scientific progress and has the potential to do great harm. In the counterpoint narrative below, Dr. Selvin argues that there is no compelling evidence for racial differences in the validity of HbA1c as a measure of hyperglycemia and that race is a poor surrogate for differences in underlying causes of disease risk.

—William T. Cefalu

Editor in Chief, Diabetes Care
Metabolic Effects of Monounsaturated Fatty Acid–Enriched Diets Compared With Carbohydrate or Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid–Enriched Diets in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Qian Frank , Korat Andres Ardisson , Malik Vasanti , Hu Frank B.
Published: July 2016

OBJECTIVE

Dietary interventions in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are important for preventing long-term complications. Although a healthy diet is crucial, there is still uncertainty about the optimal macronutrient composition. We performed a meta-analysis comparing diets high in cis-monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) to diets high in carbohydrates (CHO) or in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on metabolic risk factors in patients with T2D.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We systematically reviewed PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases and prior systematic reviews and meta-analyses to identify interventions assessing HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose and insulin, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, body weight, or systolic/diastolic blood pressure. Meta-analyses were conducted using both fixed- and random-effects models to calculate the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CI.

RESULTS

We identified 24 studies totaling 1,460 participants comparing high-MUFA to high-CHO diets and 4 studies totaling 44 participants comparing high-MUFA to high-PUFA diets. When comparing high-MUFA to high-CHO diets, there were significant reductions in fasting plasma glucose (WMD −0.57 mmol/L [95% CI −0.76, −0.39]), triglycerides (−0.31 mmol/L [−0.44, −0.18]), body weight (−1.56 kg [−2.89, −0.23]), and systolic blood pressure (−2.31 mmHg [−4.13, −0.49]) along with significant increases in HDL cholesterol (0.06 mmol/L [0.02, 0.10]). When high-MUFA diets were compared with high-PUFA diets, there was a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose (−0.87 mmol/L [−1.67, −0.07]). All of the outcomes had low to medium levels of heterogeneity, ranging from 0.0 to 69.5% for diastolic blood pressure (Phet = 0.011).

CONCLUSIONS

Our meta-analysis provides evidence that consuming diets high in MUFA can improve metabolic risk factors among patients with T2D.