bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of a Josephson vortex-based memory cell with microwave energy-efficient readout
Authors: Kalashnikov Dmitrii S. , Ruzhitskiy Vsevolod I. , Shishkin Andrey G. , Golovchanskiy Igor A. , Kupriyanov Mikhail Yu. , Soloviev Igor I. , Roditchev Dimitri , Stolyarov Vasily S.
Published: March 2024

The ongoing progress of superconducting logic systems with Josephson junctions as base elements requires the development of compatible cryogenic memory. Long enough junctions subject to magnetic field host quantum phase 2π-singularities—Josephson vortices. Here, we report the realization of the superconducting memory cell whose state is encoded by the number of present Josephson vortices. By integrating the junction into a coplanar resonator and by applying a microwave excitation well below the critical current, we are able to control the state of the system in an energy-efficient and non-destructive manner. The memory effect arises due to the presence of the natural edge barrier for Josephson vortices. The performance of the device is evaluated, and the routes for creating scalable cryogenic memories directly compatible with superconducting microwave technologies are discussed.
Standardized cycle life assessment of batteries using extremely lean electrolytic testing conditions
Authors: Nam Myeong Gyun , Song Hyun Jun , Koo Jin Kyo , Choi Gwan Hyun , Kim Yong Seok , Kim Hye Jin , Shin Chang-Su , Kim Youngugk , Nah Jae Hou , Kim Young-Jun , Yoo Pil J.
Published: March 2024

Despite the proposal of numerous advanced materials for batteries, there remains a notable lack of comprehensive assessment protocols that facilitate direct comparisons between laboratory-scale research and industrial trials. Here, we introduce a standardized method coined as extremely lean electrolytic testing (ELET), designed as a uniform framework for evaluating the performance across different battery systems. This approach replicates the cycling behaviour of larger pouch cells within the more manageable format of coin cells under ELET conditions. Employing ELET, we develop quantitative models to create contour maps that standardize cell performance metrics. To demonstrate the ELET efficacy, we explore the mitigation of electrolyte decomposition in lithium-ion batteries through applying polydopamine coatings on silicon/carbon composite anodes, achieving a 150% decrease in electrolyte decomposition compared to uncoated ones. Additionally, we employ the ELET method to compare the performance of various post-secondary and commercial batteries, demonstrating its full utility in battery evaluation.
Racial and socioeconomic disparities in survival improvement of eight cancers
Authors: Shaw Vikram , Zhang Baoyi , Tang Mabel , Peng William , Amos Christopher , Cheng Chao
Published: March 2024

Background

Many studies have characterized racial differences in cancer outcomes, demonstrating that black and Hispanic patients have lower cancer-specific survival compared to white patients. However, to our knowledge, a gap in the literature exists regarding racial, socioeconomic, age, and sex-related differences in survival improvement in cancer.

Methods

We perform a population-based cohort study of 1,875,281 patients with eight common cancer sites from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Results

The longitudinal data demonstrates that while overall cancer-free survival has improved from 2004 to 2018, certain groups have seen lower rates of improvement. Black patients have the lowest cancer-specific survival (CSS) in breast, prostate, ovarian, colon, liver, lung, and pancreatic cancers. However, from 2009 to 2018, black patients have seen the greatest survival improvement in breast, ovarian, colorectal, liver, lung, and pancreatic cancer, though CSS for black patients still lags behind other groups. Strikingly, however, in breast and prostate cancer, black patient CSS from 2014 to 2018 remains lower than white patient CSS from 2004 to 2008 after controlling for income, age, and stage.

Conclusions

While the racial disparity gap is closing in some forms of cancer, future research should focus on identifying factors causing disparate outcomes to help reduce cancer-related disparities.
Dual-phase Ce0.8Sm0.2O2−δ–La0.8Ca0.2Al0.3Fe0.7O3−δ oxygen permeation hollow fiber membrane for oxy-CO2 reforming of methane
Authors: Hei Yuepeng , Wu Shuang , Lu Zuojun , Meng Xiuxia , Song Jian , Yang Naitao , Meng Bo , Li Claudia , Sunarso Jaka , Kawi Sibudjing , Tan Xiaoyao , Liu Shaomin
Published: March 2024

The SDC–LCAF dual phase oxygen permeable hollow fiber membrane reactor exhibited stable OCRM performance and stability with pure N2 produced in the air side and syngas produced in the methane and CO2 side.
Lactobacillus reuteri's multifaceted role in mitigating ionizing radiation-induced injury inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Zhang Songling , Wang Zhaoyu , Jiang Jin , Feng Guoxing , Fan Saijun
Published: March 2024

Lactobacillus reuteriplays various functions in radiation-induced injury ofDrosophila melanogaster, including reducing disorders linked to oxidative stress, improving gut flora imbalances, controlling immunological function and extending life span.
Designing multifunctional organic thermochromic ferroelectric materials: remarkable melt-cool large thermal hysteresis of reversible single crystal to single crystal transformation
Authors: Kumari Rekha , De Arnab , Bhattacharyya Aninda Jiban , Row T. N. Guru
Published: March 2024

A comprehensive study of chiral N-benzylideneaniline analogues for their structural and material properties.
Recent trends in the transfer of graphene films
Authors: Zhu Yaqi , Shi Zhuofeng , Zhao Yixuan , Bu Saiyu , Hu Zhaoning , Liao Junhao , Lu Qi , Zhou Chaofan , Guo Bingbing , Shang Mingpeng , Li Fangfang , Xu Zhiying , Zhang Jialin , Xie Qin , Li Chunhu , Sun Pengzhan , Mao Boyang , Zhang Xiaodong , Liu Zhongfan , Lin Li
Published: March 2024

This review aims to outline future directions of the transfer techniques of graphene films, focusing on the application-specific transfer techniques, “all-dry transfer” compatible for batch transfer, and several new possible transfer-related applications.
A new magneto-optical phenomenon enhanced by Au nanoparticles on 3D Ni sub-microstructures
Authors: Zhou Chenxin , Wang Qingtong , Dong Changlin , Gu Jiajun , Zhang Di
Published: March 2024

We constructed a bio-structured surface-plasmonic/magneto-optic composite of ferromagnet metal Ni and noble metal Au.
Protein oxidation of fucose environments (POFE) reveals fucose–protein interactions
Authors: Xie Yixuan , Chen Siyu , Alvarez Michael Russelle , Sheng Ying , Li Qiongyu , Maverakis Emanual , Lebrilla Carlito B.
Published: March 2024

POFE (Protein Oxidation of Fucose Environments) method utilizes proximity-based oxidative proteomics to decipher cellular fucosylated glycoprotein interactions.
Phase stability, redox-behavior and carbon-tolerance of Sr1−x(Ti0.3Fe0.7−yNiy)O3−δ with exsolved nanoparticles
Authors: Schwiers Alexander , Röhrer Daniel , Lenser Christian , Steinrücken Benjamin , Sebold Doris , Spliethoff Hartmut , Guillon Olivier , Menzler Norbert H.
Published: March 2024

Investigation of the stability and nanoparticle exsolution of a potential metal exsolution electrode material.
Enhancement in the induction heating efficacy of sol–gel derived SiO2–CaO–Na2O–P2O5 bioglass-ceramics by incorporating magnetite nanoparticles
Authors: Nitu  , Fopase Rushikesh , Pandey Lalit Mohan , Hazarika Krishna Priya , Borah Jyoti Prasad , Singh Rajendra K. , Srinivasan Ananthakrishnan
Published: March 2024

Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticle (MNP)-substituted glass-ceramic (MSGC) powders with compositions of (45 − x)SiO2–24.5CaO–24.5Na2O–6P2O5–xFe3O4 (x = 5, 8, and 10 wt%) have been prepared by a sol–gel route by introducing MNP during the synthesis.
The layered RuBr3–RuI3 honeycomb system
Authors: Ni Danrui , Xu Xianghan , Cava Robert J.
Published: March 2024

A honeycomb layered Ru(Br1−xIx)3 solid solution is prepared through a high-pressure synthesis method, with anion disorder and strong spin–orbit coupling. Their electronic and magnetic properties vary dramatically with changing chemical composition.
Light-responsive smart nanopapers and ink: design for information storage and encryption
Authors: Zhang Zhao , Kang Xiena , Zhao Xinyu , Dai Xiaomin , Su Xiaolin , Yang Boying , Luo Yuxia , Xiong Chuanyin , Chang Hui , Li Xinping
Published: March 2024

In the present study, spiropyran (SP)-like photoactive molecules were embedded in situ into cavities of lanthanide metal–organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs), resulting in individually aligned molecules to generate dynamically photo-responsive materials (Ln-MOFs@SP).
High conversion of methane to methyl ester at 298 K
Authors: Xu Lai , Mei Chong , Zhao Mengdi , Lu Wenjun
Published: March 2024

An aerobic oxidation of methane with trifluoroacetic acid, based on methane under visible-light at room temperature, produces methyl trifluoroacetate (MTFA) with an 90% yield.
Photoactivation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) over a CuO–ZnO p–n heterojunction for the selective C2 trimerization of indoles
Authors: Devi Arpita , Bharali Mrinmoy Manash , Lee Seonghwan , Park Young-Bin , Saikia Lakshi , Saha Rafikul Ali , Kalita Tanmoy , Kalita Dhrubajyoti , Biswas Subir , Bora Tonmoy J. , Khanam Salma A. , Bania Kusum K.
Published: March 2024

Activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) over a CuO–ZnO p–n junction for the selective synthesis of C2-trimerized products of indoles.
Design and synthesis of Meldrum's acid based 7-azaindole anchored 1,2,3-triazole hybrids as anticancer agents
Authors: Vanga Murali Krishna , Bhukya Rambabu , Thumma Vishnu , Ambadipudi S. S. S. S. Sudha , Nayak V. Lakshma , Andugulapati Sai Balaji , Manga Vijjulatha
Published: March 2024

A series of Meldrum's acid, 7-azaindole and 1,2,3-triazole hybrids were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro anticancer activity against five cancer cell lines viz. MCF-7 (breast cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), DU-145 (prostate cancer), HepG2 (liver cancer) and K562 (myelogenous leukemia cell).
Introducing RSC Mechanochemistry
Authors: Batteas James D. , Friščić Tomislav
Published: March 2024

Co-Editors-in-Chief James Batteas and Tomislav Friščić introduce RSC Mechanochemistry.
Design of a gold nanoparticles site in an engineered lipase: an artificial metalloenzyme with enantioselective reductase-like activity
Authors: Garcia-Sanz Carla , de las Rivas Blanca , Palomo Jose M.
Published: March 2024

A new approach for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles-enzyme conjugates with enantioselective reductase-like activity has been developed.
Revolutionizing eye care: the game-changing applications of nano-antioxidants in ophthalmology
Authors: Cheng Yuhang , Cai Shundong , Wu Han , Pan Jintao , Su Min , Wei Xingyuan , Ye Jinfa , Ke Lang , Liu Gang , Chu Chengchao
Published: March 2024

The role of ROS and nano-antioxidants in ocular disease.
Tuning the charge stabilization and transport in naphthalimide-based semiconductors via a fused-ring and core-engineering strategy
Authors: González-Núñez Raúl , Alonso-Navarro Matías J. , Suárez-Blas Fátima , Gala Elena , Ramos M. Mar , Segura José L. , Ponce Ortiz Rocío
Published: March 2024

A new family of all-fused organic semiconductors, based on naphthalimide and benzothiadiazole, is shown, where the synthetic strategy allows tuning of the HOMO and LUMO energy levels and modulation of their electronic properties.
A novel P/N/Si/Zn-containing hybrid flame retardant for enhancing flame retardancy and smoke suppression of epoxy resins
Authors: Li Fangli , Huang Ziqin , Liu Changjiang , Yang Meini , Wu Jixiang , Rao Wenhui , Yu Chuanbai
Published: March 2024

The organic/inorganic hybrid flame retardant (APHZ) can possess both the efficient flame retardancy and good compatibility of the organic flame retardant, as well as the thermal stability and smoke suppression properties of the inorganic flame retardant.
Fabrication of a surface molecularly imprinted polymer membrane based on a single template and its application in the separation and extraction of phenytoin, phenobarbital and lamotrigine
Authors: Zhao Yan-lin , You Yu-xin , Chen Yu-lang , Zhang Ying , Du Yan , Tang Dao-quan
Published: March 2024

A molecularly imprinted polymer membrane (MIPM) was prepared using PVDF as the support and phenytoin (PHT) as a single template. The results indicated that the MIPMs can be used to extract PHT, phenobarbital, and lamotrigine in different matrices.
Heterocyclic (pyrazine)carboxamide Ru(ii) complexes: structural, experimental and theoretical studies of interactions with biomolecules and cytotoxicity
Authors: Tsaulwayo Nokwanda , Omondi Reinner O. , Vijayan Paranthaman , Sibuyi Nicole R. S. , Meyer Miché D. , Meyer Mervin , Ojwach Stephen O.
Published: March 2024

The heterocyclic (pyrazine)carboxamide Ru(ii) complexes interact with CT-DNA through minor groove binding and partial intercalation modes and exhibit significant cytotoxicity and selectivity against A549, PC-3, and Caco-2 cell lines.
Two-dimensional radial-π-stacks in solution
Authors: Su Feng , Hong Yongseok , Zhang Guilan , Wu Kongchuan , Kim Juno , Chen Zhi , Zhang Hui-Jun , Kim Dongho , Lin Jianbin
Published: March 2024

We present the formation of 2D radial-π-stacks, consisting of radial π-conjugation nanorings in solution, characterized by their distinctive structure and remarkable properties.
Boosting oxygen-resistant CO2 electroreduction reaction in acidic media over conjugated frameworks
Authors: Liu Li-Yao , Wu Qiao , Guo Hui , Han Lili , Gao Shuiying , Cao Rong , Huang Yuan-Biao
Published: March 2024

A cobalt polyphthalocyanine framework coated by polyaniline shows excellent oxygen-resistant CO2 electroreduction performance with high CO selectivity of up to 87.4% and an industry-level jCO of −270 mA cm−2 under 5% O2 feed gas in acidic media.
Investigating Perception to Production Transfer in Children With Cochlear Implants: A High Variability Phonetic Training Study
Authors: Zhang Hao , Dai Xuequn , Ma Wen , Ding Hongwei , Zhang Yang
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

This study builds upon an established effective training method to investigate the advantages of high variability phonetic identification training for enhancing lexical tone perception and production in Mandarin-speaking pediatric cochlear implant (CI) recipients, who typically face ongoing challenges in these areas.

Method:

Thirty-two Mandarin-speaking children with CIs were quasirandomly assigned into the training group (TG) and the control group (CG). The 16 TG participants received five sessions of high variability phonetic training (HVPT) within a period of 3 weeks. The CG participants did not receive the training. Perception and production of Mandarin tones were administered before (pretest) and immediately after (posttest) the completion of HVPT via lexical tone recognition task and picture naming task. Both groups participated in the identical pretest and posttest with the same time frame between the two test sessions.

Results:

TG showed significant improvement from pretest to posttest in identifying Mandarin tones for both trained and untrained speech stimuli. Moreover, perceptual learning of HVPT significantly facilitated trainees' production of T1 and T2 as rated by a cohort of 10 Mandarin-speaking adults with normal hearing, which was corroborated by acoustic analyses revealing improved fundamental frequency (F0) median for T1 and T2 production and enlargedF0 movement for T2 production. In contrast, TG children's production of T3 and T4 showed nonsignificant changes across two test sessions. Meanwhile, CG did not exhibit significant changes in either perception or production.

Conclusions:

The results suggest a limited and inconsistent transfer of perceptual learning to lexical tone production in children with CIs, which challenges the notion of a robust transfer and highlights the complexity of the interaction between perceptual training and production outcomes. Further research on individual differences with a longitudinal design is needed to optimize the training protocol or tailor interventions to better meet the diverse needs of learners.
Dijkstra Algorithm Implementation to Determine the Shortest Route to Hospital: A Case Study in Magelang District Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan Febri , Widyanto R. Arri , Sukmasetya Pristi
Published: March 2024

Digital maps are an important tool used to find a place. The use of digital maps is very diverse, including to provide routes from one place to another. The map can also show that the route is heavy with traffic so that another route can be found. However, sometimes maps provide unclear routes so users can get lost. Users will search for the nearest hospital on the map. The map will display all hospitals, but the user must choose the hospital to go to and then follow the suggested route. This is of course very inconvenient if in an emergency you have to find the location of the nearest hospital, so you need an application that can show the exact location of the hospital. The purpose of this research is to determine the shortest route to the nearest hospital so as to save time in an emergency. The method used in this research is using Dijkstra's algorithm. Current location search and the shortest route to the nearest hospital. The calculation results obtained a value of 0.476 km which indicates the shortest route. The application of Dijkstra's algorithm can maximize the use of the map with the shortest route to the nearest hospital.
Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis of Borobudur Temple Reviews Use Support Vector Machine Algorithm
Authors: Yudianto Muhammad Resa Arif , Sukmasetya Pristi , Hasani Rofi Abul , Maimunah
Published: March 2024

As one of the most popular tourist attractions in Indonesia, Borobudur Temple is currently included in the top ten list of tourism priorities by the Ministry of Tourism. To increase the number of tourists, it is very important to maintain the quality of tourist attractions. Tourist growth is directly related to the number of online reviews of tourist attractions. Tourism managers need more than just reviewing good and negative sentiments to maintain and improve the quality of tourist attractions. Many aspects serve as benchmarks for visitors to come to a tourist spot, such as aspects of ticket prices, location, attractiveness, facilities, accessibility, visual image, and human resources. Therefore, sentiment analysis is needed for each of these aspects to find out aspects that need to be improved in order to increase the number of visitors. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is an algorithm used to categorize aspect-based sentiments. analyzed using SVM, the dataset must first be cleaned and normalized through pre-processing. The results of the analysis show that the aspects of accessibility and visual image need to be improved to maintain and increase the number of visitors. This is because these two aspects have the most negative reviews compared to other aspects. The results of model testing only get an average accuracy value of 0.8148 because the distribution of data for all aspects and reviews is not balanced.
Investigating the Impact of Training and Testing Ratios on the Performance of an AI-Based Malware Detector using MATLAB
Authors: Romero Carlo N. , Mital Matt Ervin G. , Rostata Zagie D. , Martinez Mark Angelo M.
Published: March 2024

This research investigates the impact of the training and testing ratios on the performance of an AI-Based Malware Detector using MATLAB. The experiments through MATLAB have shown that higher training percentage means that a larger portion of dataset for training the model have been used while a lower training percentage shows that a large portion of the dataset reserved for testing the model’s performance. The exploration of the influence of training and testing ratios also have been able to determine the performance of an AI-Based Malware Detector. The results give to determining the relationship between training and testing ratios and the effectiveness of the malware detection system.
Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane (DDT) Insecticide Polluted Soil Remediation by Bacteria Consortium with Co-Substrate Utilization
Authors: Adefia Almeira Putri , Rinanti Astri , Fachrul Melati Ferianita , Minarti Astari , Aphirta Sarah , Rahmiyati Lutfia , Marendra Sheilla Megagupita Putri , Sunaryo Thalia
Published: March 2024

Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane (DDT) is an organochlorine insecticide that are largely used on agriculture and health sectors. DDT is an organic pollutant that are difficult to be dissolved and tend to survive in the environment for a long time because it is highly stable and persistent. DDT insecticide residue is still discovered in the soil even though its utilization has been stopped years ago and still negatively impacting human life and the environment through bio accumulation and bio magnification. Bioremediation is a potential method to remove recalcitrance compound such as DDT. The objective of this study is to gather and analyze information on DDT degradation by bacteria consortium with co-substrate addition. Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas stutzeri bacteria consortium were utilized to remediate DDT with glucose, sucrose, and yeast extract as cosubstrates. During 72 hours of observation, the three co-substrates namely yeast extract, glucose, and sucrose are able to degrade 75%, 56% and 39.55% of 10 ppm DDT. Yeast is the most ideal co-substrate to assist bacteria consortium growth and to degrade DDT. The implementation of pilot scale land treatment bioremediation is planned to be at 50m3, with dimension of 20m length, 5m wide, and 0.5m high. The efficiency of the removal reached 90% with 67 hours of detention time.
Comparison Analysis of Eco-Friendly and Non Eco-Friendly Packaging in Meeting Market Demands for Home Industries to Support the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals in West Java
Authors: Rahma Rana Ardila , Debora Fransisca , Rahmani Hani Fitria
Published: March 2024

In recent decades, the use of plastic packaging has increased significantly worldwide, including in Indonesia. The amount of waste produced in Indonesia, according to the National Waste Management Information System Data of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, reached 19.45 million tonnes by 2022, while the West Java Province itself produced about 1.07 million tonnes of garbage per month. One of the contributing activities of the waste is the use of plastic packaging by household industry enterprises. The more prevalent use of plastics is by household activity, which accounts for 39.63% of the total use of garbage. This is due to the function and quality of the packaging that are of concern to entrepreneurs and consumers, but the need for support for the implementation of green development can affect the effect of packaging being environmentally friendly. In this study, we will compare the quality of eco-friendly and non-ecologically friendly packaging using the House of Quality (HOQ) method. HOQ is a method that can provide knowledge of the expectations and wishes of customers for a product. Thus, through this comparison test, we get recommendations for packaging results according to customer expectations that can be applied to the household industry. It emerged that the first order of priority that needs to be considered is packaging that is not easily damaged/broken and the last priority for consumers in choosing packaging is the weight of packaging. The implementation of this research also results in an external target, which is an indexed international proceeding. The benefits of this research for researchers are insight and experience, as well as basic research material related to sustainable development goals, fund analysis, and market needs that can be applied to dedication and teaching.
Analysis of Settlement Distribution Pattern Based on Topography in Balik Bukit Subdistrict, West Lampung Regency
Authors: Sari Dinda Dewi Sukma , Jumadi  , Anton
Published: March 2024

The distribution of settlements in an area can form specific patterns according to the characteristics of the region. Settlement patterns have quantitative characteristics, supporting comparisons of distribution patterns over time and space. Several factors underlie the formation of settlement patterns, one of which is the Earth's surface morphology. This research aims to understand the settlement distribution patterns based on topography in the Balik Bukit sub-district and the relationship between settlement patterns and topographical factors. The research uses data analysis methods such as nearest neighbor analysis and descriptive analysis. The results show that settlement distribution patterns based on topography can be observed through variations in elevation and slope, resulting in clustered settlement patterns in low-lying areas to hilly terrain. The patterns based on slope also reveal both clustered and dispersed settlement patterns. The relationship between settlement patterns and topographical factors indicates clustered settlement patterns occur due to varied morphological conditions, including low-lying areas to high-relief terrain.
The Application of PVSyst for Design of Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation at School Building
Authors: Ulinuha Agus , Asy’ary Hasyim , Hasan Umar , Saputro Bayu Aji
Published: March 2024

The need of electrical power at the school building may be partly fulfilled by solar PV power generation. The panels are installed on the rooftop of the building. For the purpose of optimal design of the generation system, PVSyst is employed for this task. This paper proposes the design of solar PV generation using PVSyst. The design result is then confirmed with the real system. Some adjustments will be carried out to align the design with the real system. For the design, the data of electric load is recorded. The capacity of solar intensity and other parameters were also recorded. With the data in hand, the design of solar PV generation may be carried out using PVSyst. With the design results, the real system may be implemented referring the document of design. Since the capacity of the available panels is limited some application may not be completely implemented. Besides the contribution in the form of load sharing, the system may be used by the students to learn how the electricity can be generated using the resources that are freely available
The Influence of Pineapple Skin Eco-Enzyme on The Formation of Middle Phase Emulsion in Enhanced Oil Recovery Implementation
Authors: Yusda Jody Arfha , Setiati Rini , Ristawati Arinda
Published: March 2024

Oil requirement is constantly experiencing escalation, although at the current situation, the supply still depended on fossil and non-renewable fuel sources. The volume of crude oil production, especially in older wells, is starting to decrease. That is why, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) method in form of chemical injection with surfactant is currently developed. The study aims to provide understanding on the influence of pineapple peel eco enzyme concentration in the formation of middle phase emulsion in EOR process. The method used in this research is a laboratory study of pineapple skin eco-enzyme as surfactant solution on brine with 20,000 ppm and 40,000 ppm sanities. The concentration levels of pineapple skin eco-enzyme surfactant were at 20%, 30%, and 40%. Phase behavior test was conducted on pineapple skin eco-enzyme with varied levels of salinities and concentrations. The middle phase emulsion test was conducted at 60°C. Middle phase emulsion test results for 20,000 ppm salinity produced 2.5% middle phase in all concentration variations (20%, 30%, and 40%). Meanwhile for 40,000 ppm brine salinity, 1.25% of middle phase was found at 20% and 40% concentration, however at 40% concentration, the middle phase was at 6.25%. The phase behavior test results show that the highest level of middle phase emulsion formation was at 40,000 ppm salinity and 30% concentration (6.25%). Based on the finding, we can conclude that eco-enzyme can be utilized as surfactant due to its ability to form a stable middle phase emulsion on certain levels of concentration and salinity.
Optimization of Unsaturated Polyester Resin Matrix Composite Materials Reinforced Banana (Musa Balbisiana) Fronds Composition Towards Tensile Test
Authors: Indrayani Novi Laura , Sadiana Riri , Ramdani Dicky
Published: March 2024

This study aims to find out how the physical and mechanical properties of banana tree frond fibers are strengthened by a polyester matrix with various variations of fiber fractions. The study began by making three types of specimens with differences in volume fractions, namely 6% fiber + 94% matrix, 9% fiber + 91% matrix and 12% fiber + 88% matrix with the hand lay – up method. The results of making composites are carried out physical properties testing in the form of density testing, water absorption and thick development and mechanical testing with tensile tests. The results of the physical properties test show that the average density value of each volume fraction variation is above the JIS A509 – 2003 standard. The water absorption value and the thick development of the three fraction variations are still below the maximum limit. While in mechanical properties testing, the highest tensile strength value was obtained at a volume fraction of 12% fiber + 88% matrix with an average tensile strength value of 37.28 MPa.
Automatic Odor Control System in Broiler Chicken Coops Using MQ-135 And DHT 11 Sensors
Authors: Ahmareza Dimas , Widiyanto Andi , Nugroho Setiya
Published: March 2024

Broiler chicken farm waste is in the form of spilled water and mixed feed and chicken manure which causes an unpleasant odor. These odors are called ammonia gas (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S), dimentyl sulfide, carbon disulfide and mercaptans. In broiler chicken coops the temperature and humidity needed to warm the chickens are around 25 – 29 °C and the required humidity is around 50-70%. To solve this problem, an odor control system is needed while maintaining the temperature and humidity of the coops. This research produces an automatic system to control chicken coop odors and maintain temperature and humidity. The experimental method in this study is to simulate the system on a miniature cage with a scale of 1: 8 and send data to thingspeak in real time. Changes in the temperature of the chicken coop in the morning and evening are directly proportional to the ammonia levels, but not during the day. However, ammonia levels increase during the day. Bamboo charcoal effectively neutralizes chicken coop odors by reducing the level of ammonia gas to 1 ppm in an average of 0.83 seconds. The results of this study have implications in the fields of automatic control and the Internet of Things (IoT).
Laboratory Study of KCl-Polymer and Soltex Utilization in Preventing Swelling Shale in High Temperature
Authors: Yanti Widya , Satiyawira Bayu , Anisara Liani , Wijayanti Puri , Pauhesti Pauhesti , Rita Novia , Jumiati Wiwiek
Published: March 2024

Mismanaging mud characteristics can create drilling issues and financial losses. Field drilling operations can avoid lost circulation (mud loss), stuck drill strings, uncontrolled blowouts, and caving shale by carefully selecting drilling mud that matches the formation characteristics of a well. The aim of this study is to develop a mud formulation that effectively mitigates shale-related issues while preserving the integrity of the physical properties of the formation. The use of appropriate polymer mud and shale stabilizers at 250 degrees Celcius, with KCl at 9 percent and Soltex at 2, 4, and 6 ppb, will help this study achieve its aim. In this study, clay swelling is measured with a linear swell meter. Test results will be shown as charts or graphs. We can see from the linear swell meter graph that using KCl polymer mud with Soltex at a concentration of 4 ppb is an effective way to reduce shale formation swelling by about 21.20 percent. This study proposes employing KCl polymer and Soltex to decrease shale swelling at high temperatures, which could have a positive effect on petroleum engineering. Precision in drilling mud composition and selection can improve drilling operations, which could reduce drilling expenses and financial losses.
Analysis of Gasoline Engine Exhaust Emissions Using a Hydrocarbon Crack System
Authors: Arif Ahmad , Kurniawan Osvaldo Adven , Fernandez Donny , Setiawan M. Yasep , Wagino  , Milana  , Saputra Hendra Dani
Published: March 2024

The increase in the number of motorbikes as a means of transportation results in increased exhaust emissions resulting from combustion of gasoline engines and is dangerous for human health. The use of a Hydrocarbon Crack System is one solution to reduce exhaust emissions in gasoline engines. Hydrocarbon Crack System can perfect the combustion process resulting in low exhaust emissions. The aim of this research is knowing gasoline engine exhaust emissions using the Hydrocarbon Crack System. The research used experimental methods applied to gasoline engine motorbikes with a fuel injection system. Adding Hydrocarbon Crack System is a tool to break down hydrocarbon elements in fuel gas. The use of the Hydrocarbon Crack System in gasoline engines reduces the levels of HC 20 percent and CO 4 percent exhaust emissions at rpm 5500 and above and the exhaust temperature is 215 degrees celsius so that it can maximize the work of the catalyst.
Analysis of Surgical Suture Production Process Control Using Statistical Process Control (SPC) Methods
Authors: Fathiya Nurul , Kurniawan Wawan , Maulani Mustamina , Murwonugroho Wegig
Published: March 2024

The medical industry currently has very high-quality standards for medical products such as surgical sutures. PT XYZ, as a well-known manufacturer in this industry, faces challenges in reducing the level of surgical suture product defects. This research focuses on the surgical suture production process produced by PT XYZ. One strategy to gain a competitive advantage is to continuously improve the quality of its products. This condition must be supported by the implementation of quality control in the process so that it can run well to produce products that have high competitiveness. The aim of this research is to analyze whether the surgical suture production process is statistically controlled or not and to analyze whether the production process meets the specified design or not. The data used in this research are secondary data and primary data. Primary data was obtained through direct observation and interviews, while secondary data was obtained from the internet, literature and journals. This research uses statictical process control (SPC) as an analysis tool by creating X and R control charts and analyzing process capabilities. The research results show that the control of the surgical suture production process is a reliable process. This is an indication that the process is under control or is not experiencing deviations. The process capability ratio shows that the process is said to be feasible and does not need to be improved. The process capability index shows that the process accuracy is good, which means that the process does not need to be improved.
Landuse Change Prediction on Super-Priority Tourism Destination in Labuan Bajo, Indonesia
Authors: Pertiwi Titis Chris Monika , Saputra Aditya
Published: March 2024

Labuan Bajo recognized as one of the five super-priority tourism destinations established by the Indonesian President in 2019, has experienced a gradual increase in both tourist visits and infrastructure development over time. This development causes landuse changes around the tourism area to support tourism activities. The objectives of this research involve analyze of landuse change within Labuan Bajo Urban Area in 2011, 2017, 2023, and predict the landuse in 2029, analyze the factors influencing landuse change, and analyze the suitability of the predicted landuse in 2029 against the City Spatial Plan. This study employs spatiotemporal analysis using Ca-Markov and binary logistic regression model. The outcomes show that the change analysis reveals built-up areas expanded by 161 ha from 2011 to 2017, expanded by 246 ha from 2017 to 2023, and projected to increase to 267 ha in 2029. This reveals a substantial rise landuse change from 2017 to 2023. According to the model, the most influential driving variables on landuse change are the distance to tourist attractions, followed by collector roads, restaurants, arterial roads, transportation infrastructure, and hotels. The landuse suitability against the City Spatial Plan is suitable for 14.791 ha (98,5%), sufficient for 131 ha (1%), and unsuitable for 66 ha (0,5%). The substantial increase requires continuous monitoring to identify the direction of change. This research provides valuable perspectives on how elements of tourism development contribute to the dynamics of landuse transformation in the tourism area.
Ergonomic Workspace Design to Reduce the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Septiani Winnie , Angelika Vivian , Rahmawati Novia
Published: March 2024

Office activities were closely tied to document handling and computer interaction. Based on initial identification with the Nordic Body Map, MSDs (Musculoskeletal Disorders) complaints were identified in the shoulders, wrists, waist, buttocks, and back. This study aimed to offer recommendations for enhancing office workstations to minimize the risk of MSDs. The methods used are ROSA to identify employee work postures, product design to provide proposed work facilities, 5S for document organization, and a Radar Chart for evaluation. Initial identification shows the problems that exist in work facilities, workspace layout, and work environment factors. The initial identification of the workspace with Radar Chart also showed a poor score on 5 aspects of Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitsuke with an average of 41.75. The proposed intervention is the improvement of ergonomic tables and chairs, structuring documents by applying 5S aspects, and improving the layout of the workspace. The proposed improvements were then evaluated again using the Office 5S Audit Checklist and Radar Chart so that after the ergonomics intervention, the Radar Chart value became 90.75 (excellent) and the 5S aspects (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitsuke) increased. The results of this improvement can be expected to overcome the risk of MSDS problems in the lower neck, buttocks, back, and waist and the resulting ergonomic, organized, and efficient workstations.
Navigating Coastal Futures: A Keynote Report from the 2nd International Congress on Coastal Research (ICCR’2)
Authors: El Moussaoui Said , El Talibi Hajar , Aboumaria Khadija
Published: March 2024

The Second International Congress on Coastal Research (ICCR’2) report provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge discussions and innovative research outcomes aimed at addressing the urgent challenges of coastal resilience and sustainability. Featuring keynote speeches from global experts, the congress highlighted critical issues such as climate change impacts, water governance, and sustainable coastal management practices. This document synthesizes key findings, challenges, and opportunities discussed, advocating for an interdisciplinary approach and international collaboration to enhance the resilience of coastal ecosystems against the backdrop of global environmental change. The report underscores the congress's pivotal role in shaping future directions for coastal research, policy, and practice.
The bycatch estimate of threatened marine megavertebrates in Moroccan fleets operating in the Mediterranean Coast
Authors: El Arraf Sana , Idrisi Mohammed Malouli , Carpentieri Paolo , El Bakali Maryam , Nourredine Abid , Bakkali Mohammed
Published: March 2024

This study addresses the information gaps by a descriptive analysis of bycatch of vulnerable species (i.e. seabirds, sea turtles, seals, marine mammals, sharks and rays’ species) in in Moroccan Mediterranean area. The present study is one of the first researches to provide an evaluation of the bycatch of different threatened species in relation with fishing activities. The bycatch monitoring was conducted on board commercial fishing vessels operating in the Mediterranean coast of Morocco from March 2019 to Jun 2022. A total of 2203 days at sea observations, a total of 5792 questionnaires were performed to collect information on the interactions between these groups of vulnerable species and the three main vessels groups operating in the country (i.e. trawlers, long liners and purse-seiners). Considering all threatened taxa of monitored vulnerable species, sharks and rays had the highest percentage with 93% of the total bycatch in number. They are the most threatened by fishing among the megafaunas. The bycatch rate of common dolphins made up more than 0.03%. For sea turtles and sea birds it’s less than 0.02 %. Those estimates rates could underestimate the real rates in comparison to the quantities caught by the target species. Despite the incidental captures of those species were very low, there is an urgent need for their conservation given their crucial role in the ecosystems. Finally, some mitigations trials were proposed and additional research will be implemented to improve knowledge on bycatch estimates, fully understanding fisheries practices and achieves the goal of bycatch-reduction in these fisheries
SWOT analysis of the integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) in Marchica Lagoon Ecosystem, Morocco
Authors: Oujidi Bouchra , Aitali Rajaa , El Bouch Mohammed , Layachi Mostafa , Kabriti Mohamed , Abid Abdeslam , El Ouamari Najib , Skalli Ali , Chahban Mohammed , Akodad Mustapha , Bazairi Hocein , Mhammdi Nadia , Dekkaki Hinde Cherkaoui , Snoussi Maria
Published: March 2024

This study consists to conduct an environmental SWOT analysis to assess Marchica lagoon and its watershed within the framework of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). Recognized as a Ramsar site since 2005, the lagoon is located on the eastern Mediterranean coast of Morocco and offers a variety of ecosystem services. In response to substantial anthropogenic stress, the Moroccan government initiated a restoration plan since 2010 aimed at safeguarding these ecosystem services. Our analysis reveals that, despite restoration efforts, the lagoon is still adversely impacted by its watershed, including the discharge of wastewater, sometimes untreated. A significant environmental limitation identified is the inadequate integration of the “watershed-lagoon” spatial dimension in the lagoon’s management. Consequently, we recommend for the implementation of restoration measures upstream, especially in regions that exert influence on the lagoon. These actions are crucial to ensuring compliance with the spatial integration principles of the ICZM Protocol under the Barcelona Convention, promoting a more holistic and effective approach to ecosystem management.
Sustainable tourism development and coastal management in the Marchica lagoon (Eastern Moroccan Mediterranean coast)
Authors: Boujnan Chaymae , Hlal Mohammed , Elmoumni Bouchta , El Arrim Abdelkrim , Sbai Abdelkader , Bahkan Mimoun
Published: March 2024

The Marchica Lagoon stands as a one-of-a-kind ecosystem, hosting remarkable biodiversity and holding substantial tourism potential. It is the site of several major development projects aimed at exploiting its potential while ensuring its preservation and environmental sustainability. This paper examines the challenges of sustainable tourism in the Marchica lagoon, aiming to maximize economic benefits while minimizing negative environmental and socio-cultural impacts. In this study, we utilized a mixed-methods approach, which involved conducting quantitative surveys to collect data on lagoon ecosystem quality and qualitative analysis to investigate human interactions with the environment in-depth, followed by a comprehensive data analysis employing geostatistical techniques and thematic map analysis. Sustainable tourism in Marchica Lagoon has yielded significant results: an 80% preservation rate for its environment through eco-friendly practices, a remarkable waste recycling rate (70%), and an increase in visitor (60%) responsibility toward the lagoon's ecosystem. These achievements underscore the successful integration of environmental preservation and heightened awareness among tourists, making the region a model for sustainable tourism management. Embracing the Marchica Lagoon ecosystem involves fostering a harmonious relationship between environmental preservation, economic development, and local community satisfaction. Achieving this balance requires active collaboration among stakeholders and the diligent implementation of tailored environmental regulations, all working together to protect and sustain the delicate lagoon ecosystem.
Evolution of shoreline dynamics in Betoya Bay, home of the Nador West Med port, Morocco using the DSAS technique
Authors: El Hadri Lamiae , Boushaba Farid , Chourak Mimoun
Published: March 2024

Shorelines are subject to constant changes due to natural and anthropogenic factors. Monitoring these changes is imperative for effective coastal management, environmental protection, and sustainable development. This work aims to provide detailed insights into the morphology and transformation of the shoreline within Betoya Bay, home to the strategically positioned Nador West Med (NWM) port complex, which is pivotal in enhancing maritime transport within the Mediterranean region. To achieve this, we have integrated remote sensing data, using LANDSAT satellite imagery from 1993 to 2023, and GIS applications with the help of the Digital Shoreline Analysis System. Shoreline change rates are assessed using End Point Rate (EPR) and Linear Regression Rate (LRR). The resulting maps enable us to pinpoint the shoreline changes after dividing the study area into two distinct zones. The results underscore the moderate dynamic nature of Betoya Bay's coastline, where various zones experience erosion and accretion, with erosion and accretion rates reaching -1.18 m/year and +1.4 m/year, respectively.
Project of artisanal fisheries management in the proposed marine protected area of Jbel Moussa (Morocco)
Authors: Mouhilou Cindy Kimberley Mougola , Derdabi Mohamed Rida , Aksissou Mustapha , Triplet Patrick
Published: March 2024

Artisanal fisheries are the subject of a growing interest in the conservation community. It is considered as a less harmful extractive activity in many multiple-use marine protected areas (MPAs)s. However, only a few of these MPAs have been able to successfully combine their nature conservation objectives with those of managing artisanal fisheries in a sustainable manner. In many cases, the artisanal fishing activity and the communities related to it have been barely involved in the management of MPAs, which has led to sometimes tense situations between fishermen and MPA managers. This work takes the example of the future marine protected area "Jbel Moussa", located in northern Morocco just off the Strait of Gibraltar, where artisanal fishing is one of the main local activities. A survey was conducted between July and November 2022 and targeted the future stakeholders of the marine protected area. Knowing already the point of view of the artisanal fishermen of Jbel Moussa from previous works, this survey has served to clarify the perspective of the future managers of the protected area, in order to take stock of all that is planned in terms of the general management of the site and artisanal fisheries, but also to determine if there is a real communication between each stakeholder category. After analysis, the results of the survey showed some shortcomings in communication between the different categories of actors interviewed, but also some divergence of opinions between the managers of the future protected area and the artisanal fishermen operating there. However, it was revealed that several projects addressing, in particular, some of the aspects studied in this work, are being carried out at the site and will undoubtedly allow the problems observed to be taken into account for a better future management of the MPA.