bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Философские основания экологических проблем
Authors: Борсяков Ю.И. , Никишин С.В. , Шишов А.В.
Published: March 2023

В статье авторы показывает, что современное научное знание в поисках средств мировоззренческого, методологического и теоретического характера, адекватных задаче исследования сложноорганизованных систем все чаще и настойчивее обращается к идее глобального эволюционизма. Ведь если в недавнем прошлом теорию эволюционизма принимали лишь науки преимущественно биологического и экологического профиля, то в настоящее время, ее активно начинают ассимилировать и те научные дисциплины, которые традиционно занимались анализом статичной, якобы неразвивающейся неорганической природы, прежде всего космология. Существенному преобразованию подвергается понимание самой реальности. Последняя оказалась скорее биологичной, чем механистичной в классическом смысле слова. Реальность, представлявшаяся как простая и обратимая, оказалась таковой лишь в идеализированных макроскопических представлениях. Вопрос, поэтому и состоит в том, почему наблюдаемый нами мир именно таков, каким мы его наблюдаем. Сегодня с помощью современной науки можно ответить на этот вопрос более существенно. По крайней мере, возможно более или менее определенно говорить о том, каковы должны быть законы физики, биологии, экологии в нашей Вселенной, которые разрешили бы существование атомов, звезд, планет, жизни и самого человека.
Восстановление системы бюджетирования на предприятии
Authors: Носкова Н.Ю.
Published: March 2023

В статье исследован процесс восстановления системы бюджетирования на предприятии. Определены основные проблемы, с которыми могут столкнуться предприятия при реализации процесса бюджетирования, а также последовательность действий, реализуемых при восстановлении данной системы.
The relationship between pathological internet use and psychiatric difficulties in adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: AYYILDIZ Didem , GÜMÜŞTAŞ Funda
Published: March 2023

Objectives: Internet addiction has been attracting widespread interest due to the increase in screen time related to lectures, decrease in social activities and spending more time at home due to the education restriction all over the world. It was aimed to determine the psychiatric difficulties for before pandemic period and distance education period, separately and to evaluate the relationship between adolescents' pathological internet usage and difference in psychiatric difficulties.
Methods: Four hundred thirty-eight adolescents aged 11-17 years, secondary and high school students were included in the study. An online survey was created consists of “Young Internet Addiction Test-brief form” (IAT), “Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire” (SDQ) and researcher form using Google forms application. Youths completed the SDQ retrospectively for two separate time points: during the school restriction period and before the pandemic.
Results: According to the results of our study, the number of changed areas (sleep, eating habits, leisure/social/physical activities) (B= 3.071, p < 0.001) and the change in SDQ-Peer relationship subscale score (B=1.193, p = 0.019) were among the factors significantly predict pathological internet use levels, respectively.
Conclusions: Studies enable understanding the relationship between pathological internet usage and psychiatric difficulties would be useful for the organization of preventive interventions in case similar outbreaks occurred in the future.
Pravni vidiki managementa v športu
Authors: Igličar Albin
Published: March 2023

Manageriranje v športnih organizacijah nujno poteka v določenem zakonodajnem okolju ter v okviru avtonomnih pravil športnih organizacij. Razlaga in uporaba pravnih pojmov v zvezi s športom vpliva na uspešnost usmerjanja in vodenja športnih organizacij. Pravne norme institucionalizirajo ključne vrednote, ki se pojavljajo v športu. S tem zagotavljajo osnovno predvidljivost in varnost v družbenih odnosih, ki se vzpostavljajo v amaterskem in profesionalnem športu. V tiste vrste odnosov, ki so eksistenčnega pomena za posameznika in njegove organizacije, posega državno pravo. Druge družbene odnose pa urejajo norme avtonomnega prava, ki ga samostojno oblikujejo in sprejemajo organizacije civilne družbe. Vsebino avtonomnih pravnih norm morajo te organizacije oblikovati v okviru ustave in zakonov, kar zavezuje tudi management v športu.
Vpliv športa na posameznika in družbo
Authors: Lukhanin Oleksandr , Šprajc Polona , Lukhanina Yuliia
Published: March 2023

Ko razmišljamo o športu, razmišljamo o priložnostih, prednostih, pa tudi o nevarnostih ali slabostih, ki jih dejavnost lahko predstavlja za posameznika. V poglavju so prikazane bistvene značilnosti vpliva športa na posameznika in družbo, pri čemer se v nadaljevanju razprava prevesi v področje managementa. Management je področje, ki na usklajen način med posamezniki vodi organizacijo ali dejavnost k učinkovitim in uspešnim ciljem. Z vidika profesionalnega ali rekreativnega športa je management s funkcijami načrtovanja, organiziranja, vodenja in kontrole področje, ki ima tako v očeh organizacij ali posameznika pomembno mesto za spodbujanje vpliva športa in širše.
Burnout e o sofrimento psíquico no ambiente de trabalho
Authors: Torres Leonardo Souza , Balestrini Junior José Luiz , Souza Rafael Rodrigues de
Published: March 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o fenômeno do sofrimento psíquico e exaustão no ambiente de trabalho, normalmente chamado de burnout, à luz dos Estudos do Imaginário, especificamente trazendo homologias da mitologia grega para compreender a condição e a crise simbólica presentes no ambiente de trabalho. A pergunta elencada foi: quais símbolos podem ser levantados e explorados a partir dos martírios míticos, sendo estes fenômenos da psique humana que não correspondem a uma leitura dentro de um espaço-tempo? Elegemos o mito das Danaides para sustentar nossa análise, que sofreram o martírio de preencher com água pela eternidade toneis sem fundo. Realizando este estudo na perspectiva dos Estudos do Imaginário, torna-se possível compreender as causas do sofrimento em sentido simbólico, bem como apontar caminhos que sugerem a forma de lidar com esta problemática atual. A metodologia escolhida foi revisão de literatura e discussão entre os autores – Han, Contrera e Kast para referenciar nossas análises, assim como as leituras mitológicas de Brandão e Kerényi para investigar os martírios míticos.
Some Aspects of managing the career of a specialist in the paradigm of the professional standard "demographer"
Authors: Rostovskaya Tamara , Rychikhina N , Zolotareva Olga
Published: March 2023

The article emphasise the significance of the emergence of a new profession of a demographer. The authors substantiate the need for demographers by state and municipal authorities, analytical centres, non-budgetary funds, Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), sociological services and large companies. There are considered the most demanded demographer positions for 2022–2030. It is revealed that an important element of motivation for young professionals, in addition to material motivation, is career growth. In this context, the authors present a vision of a number of aspects of the complex multifaceted process of managing a demographer’s career. In particular a career map for demographers was built depending on their level of qualification, that can help university graduates, young professionals, as well as experienced employees to determine how much their competencies meet the requirements for knowledge and skills, as well as to understand the possibilities of developing their career. In accordance with the career map and the professional standard “Demographer”, a matrix of professional competencies at various levels is presented for a demographer. The matrix developed by the authors not only represents a valuable scientific result, but in fact, is an effective tool that allows to identify the skill level of an employee who is developing a career in the field of demography. To determine the employee’s compliance with the position and the possibility of his career advancement, it is recommended to use the point method of assessment. In addition to professional competencies, the study identifies the soft skills that are important in the work of a demographer, and that should be assessed when selecting candidates for a position. Prior to promoting an employee it is recommended to carry out certification with the objective to determine the correspondence of his skills with the position and assess his qualification level for career growth.
Ideas about the meanings of education among students: socio-cultural peculiarities of self-regulation
Authors: Seliverstova Nina , Zubok Yulia
Published: March 2023

The article reveals the correlation of terminal (development of abilities, need for knowledge, general culture) and instrumental (diploma, opportunity to make a career, prestige) meanings of education. It based on a comparative analysis of the ideas of higher education among students and other groups of young people in education. The methodological basis of the study is the concept of self-regulation of the life of young people. An analysis of the connections between the terminal and instrumental meanings of education and other elements of the socio-cultural mechanism of self-regulation of life activity (archetypes, mental traits, value orientations towards knowledge, habitual attitudes, subcultural meanings), belonging to the basic types of cultures made it possible to determine the trends in attitudes towards education of student and student youth. The tendency to instrumentalize the value attitude to the education of university students and young people in general is stable. It was revealed that the meanings of education correlate less significantly with archetypes and mentality. Subcultural meanings as properties of a generation, containing various kinds of “activities” and elements of demonstrative behavior, have significant connections with the instrumental meanings of education and, on the contrary, in some cases their denial – with the terminal ones. A similar paradoxical relationship between the terminal and instrumental meanings of the education of student youth is also recorded in correlations with the denial of belonging to the innovative and spiritual types of basic culture, which significantly distinguishes it from student youth. As sociocultural factors in the formation of ideas about the meanings of education of student youth, the type of settlement, the level of income, the level of education of parents are singled out. Ideas about the meanings of education of university students are considered in relation to the institutional regulation of higher education. It is concluded that the steady trend of instrumentalizing the attitude of student youth to education is consistent with such a direction of purposeful regulation of higher education as the practice orientation of educational programs. Education is understood as a means of increasing the manageability of one’s life, which means increasing the level of social certainty.
Didactic-methodic and psychological features of the use of video materials in teaching a foreign language
Authors: Zamkovaya Alla V.
Published: March 2023

Modern technology is expanding the possibilities of classes and determining the need for new forms of learning. The study of multimedia technology is currently developing in an academic way. Visuals in general play a huge, sometimes decisive role in digital communication. The article is devoted to the usage of video materials in the foreign language classes, the author considers the methods of video resources usage in the process of teaching foreign languages, aimed at forming communicative competence of the students. The author analyses psycho-didactic possibilities of audiovisual teaching materials. Particular attention is paid to the peculiarities of clip thinking, the level of visual literacy and the typology of video resources for teaching foreign languages. The aim of the article is to develop a methodology of applying teaching and authentic video resources in the process of foreign language teaching aimed at forming audiovisual literacy and communicative competence of students. The author concludes that the rational use of video materials and video resources contributes to a deeper involvement of students in learning a foreign language, stimulates the development of creative thinking, social skills, contributes to the mastery of knowledge, skills and abilities of understanding, speaking and writing.
Thermodynamic modeling of the Fe-Sn system including an experimental re-assessment of the liquid miscibility gap
Authors: Park Won-Bum , Bernhard Michael , Presoly Peter , Kang Youn-Bae
Published: March 2023

The usage of low-grade ferrous scrap has increased over decades to decrease CO2 emissions and to produce steel products at a low cost. A serious problem in melting post-consumer scrap material is the accumulation of tramp elements, e.g., Cu and Sn, in the liquid steel. These tramp elements are difficult to remove during conventional steelmaking processes. Sn is considered as one of the most harmful tramp elements because, together with Cu, it sometimes induces the liquid metal embrittlement in high-temperature ferrous processing, e.g., continuous casting and hot rolling. Furthermore, the chemical interaction between Fe and Sn plays an important role in the Sn smelting process. The raw material used in the Sn smelting process is SnO2 (cassiterite), in which Fe3O4 is a gangue in the Sn ore. In the process, the reduction of Fe3O4 is unavoidable, which results in forming a Fe-Sn alloy (hardhead). The recirculation of the hardhead decreases the furnace capacity and increases the energy consumption in the smelting. The need to efficiently recover Sn from secondary resources is therefore inevitable. The CALculation of PHAse Diagrams (CALPHAD) approach helps to predict the equilibrium state of the multicomponent system. Previously reported studies of the Fe-Sn system show inconsistencies in the calculations and the experimental results. Mainly the miscibility gap in the liquid phase was under debate, as experimental data of the phase boundary are scattered. Experimental study and re-optimization of model parameters were carried out with emphasis on the correct shape of the miscibility gap. Three different experimental techniques were employed: differential scanning calorimetry, electromagnetic levitation, and contact angle measurement. The present thermodynamic model has higher accuracy in predicting the solubility of Sn in the body-centered cubic (bcc), compared to previous assessments. This is achieved by re-evaluating the Gibbs energies of the FeSn and FeSn2 compounds and the peritectic reaction related to Fe5Sn3. Also, the inconsistencies related to the miscibility gap around XSn = 0.31-0.81 were resolved. The database developed in the present study can contribute to the development of a large CALPHAD database containing tramp elements.
Tree height, canopy cover, and leaf litter production of Rhizophora apiculata in Baganga, Davao Oriental, Philippines
Authors: Sabino Lizel L. , Macusi Edison D.
Published: March 2023

Mangrove leaf litter production is essential for the export of organic matter and nutrient cycle as it subsidizes the food requirements of benthic organisms in the soft-bottom ecosystem. This study aimed to determine the different variables of mangrove trees using Rhizophora apiculata. Data was collected six times in the established sampling sites for three months using quadrats. A one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) was used to differentiate the various tree leaf litter weights. Results showed that mangrove trees found in quadrant 2 produced leaf litter with a total of 2,926 g, followed by mangroves in quadrant 1 (933 g), quadrant 3 (646 g), and quadrant 4 (609 g). In terms of biomass, plant 9 (25.48 g) of quadrant 1 and plant 8 (28.10 g) of quadrant 2 had higher biomass followed by plant 2 (25.08 g) of quadrant 3 and plant 10 (16.66 g) of quadrant 4. All the measured variables (tree height, canopy cover, circumference at breast height, and longest branch) did not predict the oven-dry weight (P = 0.428) or the sun-exposed dry weight (P = 0.191) of the leaf litter produced. But in terms of leaf litter weight e.g., oven-dry weight, sun-exposed dry weight, and fresh weight, there were highly significant differences (df = 2, MS = 197102, F = 36.08, P = 0.000). Leaf litter production might be related to other external factors other than the measured variables in this study. Nevertheless, studies on leaf litter should be funded for their role in subsidizing adjacent ecosystems.
A Newtonian approach to general black holes
Authors: Haraux Alain
Published: March 2023

We show how it is possible to define and study black holes of arbitrary shapes in the framework of Newtonian mechanics.
The Scientific Record: Examining Some of the Claims and Counterclaims in the MMR Saga
Authors: Puliyel Jacob M.
Published: March 2023

Background: Articles published in scholarly journals form part of the scientific evidence base. It is the responsibility of the scientific community to maintain its integrity. In 2011 the BMJ commissioned a feature article to draw attention to an article that had appeared in another journal- The Lancet 13 years previously. The Lancet had already retracted the article. These actions exemplify the best traditions of scientific record-keeping. Objective: This submission examines whether the main claims summary made in the BMJ were factual. Method: We examine what was published in the Lancet against what was published in the BMJ and verify against the findings in the GMC hearings transcripts and verdict of the UK High Court. Results: The 6 points highlighted in BMJ had errors and need to be corrected. Conclusions: There are significant differences between what was reported in the Lancet paper and what was alleged to be there by the BMJ. This article aims only to point to errors in the BMJ article, to set the record straight. It does not show there was a causal association between MMR vaccination and autism.
Modifikasi Membran Kitosan Tertaut Silang Tripolifosfat Untuk Deteksi Ion Cu(II)
Authors: Masykur Abu , Aprilia Gaby , Hapsari Anggun Duwi , Wibowo Atmanto Heru , Purnawan Candra , Hastuti Sri , Pranoto Pranoto , Martini Tri
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memodifikasi kitosan dan digunakan sebagai sensor ion logam Cu(II). Modifikasi dilakukan dengan penaut silang kitosan menggunakan tripolifosfat dan dibentuk menjadi membran. Membran yang dihasilkan dianalisis dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR), dan Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). Hasil analisis menunjukkan keberhasilan sintesis membran kitosan/tripolifosfat (CTS/TPP). Membran CTS/TPP dapat mendeteksi ion logam Cu(II) ditandai adanya perubahan warna membran dari bening menjadi biru. Keberhasilan deteksi ion logam Cu(II) oleh membran dikonfirmasi oleh pengujian UV-Vis, FTIR dan SEM-EDX. Pengujian spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada membran setelah dikontakkan dengan ion logam Cu(II) menunjukkan terjadinya pergeseran panjang gelombang maksimum akibat interaksi yang terjadi antara membran dengan ion logam Cu(II). Pada penentuan kondisi optimum pH, membran CTS/TPP optimum bekerja pada pH 7 dalam waktu 15 menit. Pada rentang konsentrasi ion Cu(II) 1‒10 ppm, nilai koefisien korelasi (R2) untuk membran CTS/TPP diperoleh sebesar 0,9917.

Modification of Tripolyphosphate Cross-Linked Chitosan Membrane for Cu(II) Ion Sensor. This study aims to modify chitosan and use it as a sensor for Cu(II) metal ions. The modification was carried out by cross-linking chitosan using tripolyphosphate and forming it into a membrane. The resulting membranes were analyzed by UV-Vis, FTIR spectrophotometer, and SEM-EDX. The analysis results show the successful synthesis of the chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CTS/TPP) membrane. The CTS/TPP membrane can detect Cu(II) metal ions, as indicated by a change in the color of the membrane from clear to blue. The successful detection of Cu(II) metal ions by the membrane was confirmed by UV-Vis, FTIR spectrophotometer, and SEM-EDX. UV-Vis spectrophotometer testing on the membrane after contact with Cu(II) metal ions showed that the maximum wavelength was shifted due to the interaction that occurred between the membrane and Cu(II) metal ions. In the determination of the optimum pH condition, the CTS/TPP membrane optimally works at pH 7 for 15 minutes. In the Cu(II) concentration range of 1‒10 ppm, the correlation coefficient (R2) value for the CTS/TPP membrane was 0.9917.
Biosensor Elektrokimia untuk Memonitor Level Hemoglobin Terglikasi (HbA1c) pada Penyakit Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Destiani Sheila , Maksum Iman Permana , Hartati Yeni Wahyuni
Published: March 2023

Hiperglikemia merupakan ciri diabetes melitus, sekelompok penyakit metabolik yang disebabkan oleh kelainan sekresi insulin, kerja insulin, atau keduanya. Hiperglikemia dapat menyebabkan kerusakan jangka panjang, disfungsi, dan kegagalan berbagai organ, terutama jantung, mata, saraf, pembuluh darah, dan ginjal. Oleh karena itu, diagnosis dan pemantauan rutin kadar glukosa darah sangat penting dilakukan. Hemoglobin terglikasi (HbA1c) adalah hemoglobin yang berikatan dengan glukosa dalam darah dan ditetapkan menjadi biomarker hiperglikemia yang dapat mengindikasikan diabetes atau prediabetes. Akan tetapi, pengukuran HbA1c di laboratorium klinis membutuhkan instrumen yang canggih dan mahal, tenaga ahli khusus dan waktu lama. Oleh karena itu, biosensor elektrokimia kemudian mulai dikembangkan untuk mendeteksi kadar HbA1c karena mudah digunakan, hasil cepat, dan harga yang murah. Ulasan ini membahas biosensor elektrokimia untuk mendeteksi HbA1c dan metode imobilisasi bioreseptor.

Electrochemical Biosensor for Monitoring Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Levels in Diabetes Mellitus. Hyperglycemia is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus,  a group of metabolic diseases caused by defects in insulin action, insulin secretion, or both. Hyperglycemia can cause long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs, especially the heart, blood vessels, eyes, nerves, and kidneys.. Therefore, routine diagnosis and monitoring of blood glucose levels are very important. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is hemoglobin that binds to glucose in the blood and is established as a biomarker of hyperglycemia that may indicate diabetes or prediabetes. However, measurement of HbA1c in the clinical laboratory requires large and expensive instruments, specialized experts, and takes a long time. Therefore, an electrochemical biosensor began to be developed to detect HbA1c levels because it is easy to use and has fast results at lower prices. This review discusses electrochemical biosensors for detecting HbA1c and the immobilization of bioreceptors. 
Identifikasi Komponen Aktif Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. Rubrum) sebagai Sumber Antioksidan dengan Pendekatan Metabolomik Berbasis HPLC
Authors: Sandrasari Diny Agustini , Andarwulan Nuri , Faridah Didah Nur , Dewi Fitriya Nur Annisa
Published: March 2023

Jahe merah (Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. Rubrum) merupakan tanaman rempah yang sering digunakan untuk pengobatan tradisional. Penelitian tentang senyawa bioaktif jahe merah telah banyak diteliti, namun penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa bioaktif sebagai sumber antioksidan menggunakan pendekatan metabolomik berbasis HPLC belum dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi komponen bioaktif jahe merah sebagai antioksidan dengan pendekatan metabolomik. Profil senyawa kimia dari ekstrak dan fraksi (heksana, kloroform, etil asetat, dan air) dianalisis menggunakan High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis metabolomik Orthogonal Projection to Latent Structure (OPLS). Hasil uji metabolomik OPLS diperoleh fraksi etil asetat sebagai sampel yang paling berkontribusi terhadap aktivitas antioksidan. Sampel ini kemudian diidentifikasi menggunakan UHPLC-MS/MS dan diketahui bahwa komponen bioaktif atau specific marker pada jahe merah adalah senyawa [6]-gingerol. Kandungan senyawa [6]-gingerol merupakan senyawa yang paling dominan diikuti oleh 8-gingerol dan 10-gingerol dengan nilai masing-masing secara berurutan adalah 88,61±0,52; 23,59±0,41; dan 21,85±0,63 mg/g ekstrak.

Identification of Active Components of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. Rubrum) as a Source of Antioxidants with HPLC-Based Metabolomics Approach. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. Rubrum) is a rhizome used as a traditional medicine. Research on red ginger bioactive compounds has been widely studied but research to identify bioactive compound as source of antioxidant using HPLC-based metabolomic approaches has not been carried out. This study aims to identify the active compound of red ginger as an antioxidant with a metabolomic approach. Chemical profiles of the extracts and fractions (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water) were analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), followed by Orthogonal Projection to Latent Structure (OPLS) metabolomic analysis. The results of the OPLS metabolomic analysis showed that the ethyl acetate fraction is the sample that contributed the most to antioxidant activity. This sample was then identified using UHPLC-MS/MS showing that the bioactive component or specific marker in red ginger was [6]-gingerol. The [6]-gingerol content was the most dominant component, followed by [8]-gingerol and [10]-gingerol with values respectively 88.61±0.52, 23.59±0.41, and 21.85±0.63 mg/g extract.
Türkiye’de Tüketici Kredilerinin Cari Denge Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: HASEKİ Murat İsmet , AVŞAR İlker İbrahim , TURAN Taner
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada 2007:1-2022:1 donemi verileri ve ARDL yaklaşımı kullanılarak Türkiye’de tüketici kredilerinin cari denge üzerindeki etkileri incelenmektedir. Bu kapsamda öncelikle toplam tüketici kredilerinin etkisi ele alınmaktadır. Daha sonra tüketici kredilerinin bileşenleri olan konut, taşıt ve ihtiyaç kredilerinin cari denge üzerindeki etkileri önce ayrı ayrı sonra aynı model kapsamında analiz edilmektedir. Tahmin sonuçları tüm modellerde ilgili değişkenler arasında bir eşbütünleşme ilişkisi olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Buna karşın toplam tüketici kredilerinin cari açık üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı görülmektedir. Benzer şekilde modele ayrı ayrı dahil edildiklerinde konut, taşıt ve ihtiyaç kredilerinin uzun dönemde cari denge üzerinde anlamlı bir etkide bulunmadıkları anlaşılmaktadır. Diğer yandan konut, taşıt ve ihtiyaç kredilerinin birlikte yer aldığı model tahminlerine göre taşıt ve konut kredilerinin cari dengeyi etkilediği sonucuna varılmaktadır. Buna göre taşıt ve konut kredilerindeki artış cari dengede bozulmaya yol açmaktadır. Ayrıca, tahmin sonuçlarımız ikiz açıklar hipotezinin incelenen dönemde geçerli olduğunu, ekonomik büyümede bir artışın cari dengeyi olumsuz etkilediğini göstermektedir. Son olarak bazı tahminlerde reel döviz kurundaki değişikliklerin cari denge üzerinde anlamlı bir etkide bulunduğu görülmektedir.
Avaliação de políticas públicas no contexto do federalismo cooperativo brasileiro
Authors: Bitencourt Caroline Müller , Tavares André Afonso
Published: March 2023

A presente pesquisa busca analisar os desafios do processo de avaliação de políticas públicas no âmbito do federalismo cooperativo brasileiro. Para tanto, o problema de pesquisa foi delimitado da seguinte forma: quais os obstáculos à avaliação de políticas públicas a partir da modelo de federalismo cooperativo brasileiro? O objetivo geral foi analisar, a partir do federalismo cooperativo brasileiro, os principais obstáculos à avaliação das políticas públicas descentralizadas para uma vez mapeado os desafios, avançar no âmbito de uma melhor articulação entre os entes para futuras avaliações de políticas públicas. O método utilizado foi o dedutivo e como procedimento se utilizou da revisão bibliográfica e análise de documentação indireta. O trabalho se dividiu em dois grandes blocos. No primeiro, analisa-se o modelo de federalismo cooperativo à luz da Constituição brasileira de 1988, em especial, a repartição de competências federativas nas matérias que foram articuladas políticas públicas a partir de um agir cooperativo dos entes governamentais. Já no segundo, pretende-se estudar o processo de avaliação de políticas públicas, com análise de seus elementos, tipologias e critérios, para então verificar as dificuldades à avaliação de políticas públicas a partir da consideração das complexidades inerentes ao federalismo cooperativo brasileiro. Como conclusão principal, demonstrou-se a necessidade de adoção de critérios à avaliação de políticas que considerem a divisão de responsabilidades no planejamento e na implementação, além das capacidades diferenciadas de financiamento dos entes públicos quando das competências federativas cooperativas.
O dilema ético da decisão algorítmica
Authors: Puschel André Felipe Silva , Rodrigues Roberto Tessis , Valle Vivian Cristina Lima Lopez
Published: March 2023

A utilização da inteligência artificial como suporte à tomada de decisão é realidade no cenário atual. Discussões sobre processamento de dados - sejam estas por meio de aprendizagem supervisionada, sejam por aprendizagem não supervisionada (deep learning) - ganham relevância no âmbito do direito. Ao mesmo tempo que ganham relevância, porém, surgem os desafios sobre as resultantes que se apresentam em razão do processamento de dados (output), na medida em que estes podem estar enviesados em função do conjunto de dados (dataset) provenientes do mundo físico, das concepções e das relações humanas. Por conta destes desafios, o presente artigo tem por finalidade pontuar tais aspectos no contexto contemporâneo e propor medidas que possam ser adotadas como possíveis soluções. A análise acerca da existência de um antídoto como contraposição ao enviesamento faz-se necessária, no intuito de qualificar o uso contínuo e irrefreável dessas tecnologias. Tratar as dificuldades do tema no âmbito constitucional e à luz da legislação brasileira, por sua vez, justifica a importância do assunto e permiti uma proposição para tais desafios que se apresentam em razão do uso da inteligência artificial. Diante disso, o presente artigo se utiliza da pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o assunto e de interpretação sistêmica entre a Constituição Federal e as legislações que abordam aspectos legais sobre a Administração Pública.
Curing Sand Production Problems with an Aqueous-Based Resin Sand Consolidation Treatment to Optimize the Hydrocarbon Recovery Factor in Austrian Gas Fields
Authors: Trujillo Erika Johana Tovar , Santin Yoann , Ukoha Obinnaya , Maier Robert , Kiss Akos , Moertl Monika , Zabel David
Published: March 2023

Unconsolidated fine formation sand in mature Austrian gas fields jeopardizes production rates and well productivity as increasing water cut enhances fines and sand production to the well bore. The wells peak production was years ago, making well intervention challenging to stay within tight economic limits. Stabilizing the formation rock with aqueous-based resin eliminated sand production and reduced intervention costs to restore target rates.

To remain within economical budget levels for the projects, engineering-focused its research on treatments that can be applied rig-less and are suitable for the Austrian gas field reservoir parameters with moderately low temperatures, reasonable interval length, depleted reservoir pressure, and dis-stacked perforations.

Team collaboration resulted in proposing a rock consolidation treatment with an Internally Catalyzed Aqueous-Based Emulsion of Curable Epoxy Resin (ICABECER). Thorough planning and pre-job lab testing reduced operational risks, saved costs, and optimized outcomes.

The placement technique and displacement precautions resulted in reservoir rock without notable flow path reduction, allowing quickly anticipated target rates to be reached. The treatment outcome confirmed laboratory testing where rock permeability was retained, and only small amounts of residue sand were produced during the cleanup period. The intervention's simplicity allowed using standard field equipment, minimizing cost, and calculating a business case according to tight budgetary constraints.

The wells, scheduled for plug and abandon because of pretreatment sand production, demonstrated a stable gas flow with reduced sand content enabling economic gas production. During the cleanup period, sufficient sand was produced to erode surface equipment; however, after the start-up period, sand production was reduced to zero, and the well was returned to the target rate.

The technical simplicity of the chemical treatment and a collaboratively engineered and optimized application open new opportunities for the asset to reduce or eliminate sand production without the need for expensive sand control installations at the sand face. Furthermore, the chemical reservoir rock stabilization prolongs well life and increases the overall recovery factor. Reducing environmental impact is also key for resource-saving and sustainable operations in mature fields.
Optimal Financing Decision with Financial Constraints for a Manufacturer in a Low-Carbon Supply Chain
Authors: zong shengliang , Huang Ning
Published: March 2023

In this paper, bank financing (BF) and trade credit financing (TCF) are viable. We investigate the financing choice problem for an emission-dependent manufacturer with capital constrained. And the members of the supply chain each pursue their profit maximization. In the existing literature on the financing supply chain, enterprises and consumers are becoming more and more aware of environmental protection. A growing number of manufacturers produce low-carbon products like environment-friendly bags through a green supply chain system. We use the Stackelberg game to study the equilibrium financing choice and optimal decisions. We also perform numerical analysis to verify the impact of certain parameters on financing decisions. The results show that no direct relationship between the degree of carbon reduction and the total amount of carbon emissions as defined by the government. Besides, when the trade credit interest rate is higher than the bank interest rate, the manufacturer will choose bank financing. When the credit interest rate is lower than a certain threshold, the retailer provides trade credit financing. Our study also provides useful insights for managers to understand and make financing decisions in the low-carbon supply chain with the capital-constrained manufacturer.
The feasibility of self-performing measurements of peripheral oxygen saturation and respiratory exercises in home-isolated COVID-19 patients
Authors: Myklebust-Hansen Hans Joakim , Hasvik Eivind , Ghanima Waleed , Solyga Volker
Published: March 2023

Background: COVID-19 is a highly contagious disease where isolation of infected individuals is deemed warranted. If possible, home-isolation is preferred over hospitalization. This implies a need for methods of observation that can ensure the safety of these patients. Preventive treatment methods that can both decrease the probability for development of critical disease and hopefully decrease the need for hospitalization would be an added benefit. This was a pilot study performed to assess the feasibility of performing self-measurements of SpO2 and respiratory exercises in at-home isolated COVID-19 patients.
Method: 40 SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals in home-isolation were included for a follow-up time of 14 days. At baseline, they were equipped with a pulse oximeter, PEF meter, a project diary to note all measurements, and simple instructions on how to perform respiratory exercises. No other contact was made, but participants were instructed to contact the hospital based on given criteria for blood oxygenation levels and dyspnea severity and to return study equipment and the project diary at the end of study.
Results: 35 participants completed daily SpO2 measurements during the follow-up period and 12 performed daily respiratory exercises as instructed. Four participants were admitted to hospital during the follow-up period. Five participants terminated follow-up prematurely.
Conclusions: Performing self-measurements of SpO2 during home isolation due to COVID-19 infection is feasible. The feasibility of performing respiratory physiotherapy in ambulant patients is questionable and may require more motivational interventions to increase adherence.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04647747
Soft K−Proximity Spaces
Authors: El-Sheikh S. A. , Kandil S. A. , Hussien S
Published: March 2023

This study expands the idea of a K−proximity relation and its characteristics to a soft K−proximity by creating various forms of it from a soft K−proximity. Additionally, it investigates the properties of a soft K−proximity neighborhood, soft K−proximity mappings, and the product of soft K−proximity spaces.
ZBP1 causes inflammation by inducing RIPK3-mediated necroptosis and RIPK1 kinase activity-independent apoptosis
Authors: Körner Lioba , Wachsmuth Laurens , Kumari Snehlata , Schwarzwer Robin , Jiao Huipeng , Pasparakis Manolis
Published: March 2023

Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) has important functions in anti-viral immunity and in the regulation of inflammatory responses. ZBP1 induces necroptosis by directly engaging and activating RIPK3, however, the mechanisms by which ZBP1 induces inflammation and in particular the role of RIPK1 and the contribution of cell death-independent signaling remain elusive. Here we show that ZBP1 causes inflammation by inducing RIPK3-mediated necroptosis and RIPK1-caspase-8-mediated apoptosis. ZBP1 induced TNFR1-independent skin inflammation in mice with epidermis-specific ablation of FADD by triggering keratinocyte necroptosis. Moreover, transgenic expression of C-terminally truncated constitutively active ZBP1 (ZBP1ca) in mouse epidermis caused skin inflammation that was only partially inhibited by abrogation of RIPK3-MLKL-dependent necroptosis and fully prevented by combined deficiency in MLKL and caspase-8. Importantly, ZBP1ca induced caspase-8-mediated skin inflammation by RHIM-dependent but kinase activity-independent RIPK1 signaling. Furthermore, ZBP1ca-induced inflammatory cytokine production in the skin was completely prevented by combined inhibition of apoptosis and necroptosis arguing against a cell death-independent pro-inflammatory function of ZBP1. Collectively, these results showed that ZBP1 induces inflammation by activating necroptosis and RIPK1 kinase activity-independent apoptosis.
XJDHT protects against sepsis-induced cardiac inflammation and apoptosis via suppression TLR4/NF-κB and activating PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: shen zhiqing , Lin Mingrui , Li Jiapeng , Ding Qihang , Liu Huixin , Chen Xiaoling , Chen Huaiyu , Zhu Xueli , Li Wei
Published: March 2023

Purpose
Xijiao Dihuang decoction (XJDHT), a traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used to treat patients with sepsis. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of XJDHT on cardiac dysfunctionhave yet to be fully elucidated. The present study evaluated the potential utility of XJDHT in protecting against sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction and myocardial injury.
Methods
Mice administered Lipopolysaccharide (LPS,10 mg/kg) or equivalent saline solution (control) were treated with XJDHT (10 g/kg/day) or saline by gavage for 72 hours.
Results
Treatment with XJDHT significantly enhanced myocardial function and attenuated pathological change, infiltration of inflammatory cells, levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and expression of TLR4 and NF-κB in mice with sepsis. RNA sequencing and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses identified 531 differentially expressed genes and multiple enriched signaling pathways including the PI3K/AKT pathway. Further, XJDHT attenuated cardiac apoptosis and decreased Bax protein expression while increasing protein levels of Bcl-2, PI3K, and p-AKT in cardiac tissues of mice with sepsis.
Conclusion
In summary, XJDHT improves cardiac function in a murine model of sepsis by attenuating cardiac inflammation and apoptosis via suppression the TLR4/NF-κB pathway and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway
The impact of pesticides on non-target organisms
Authors: Wan Nian-Feng , Fu Liwan , Dainese Matteo , Kiær Lars Pødenphant , Hu Yue-Qing , Xin Fengfei , Goulson David , Woodcock Ben , Vanbergen Adam , Spurgeon David , Scherber Christoph
Published: March 2023

Although intended to control pests, pesticides affect a phylogenetically diverse range of non-target species contributing to global biodiversity declines1–7. However, the magnitude of this risk is only partly understood. Here, we show that pesticides negatively affect non-target organisms across the tree of life. We analyzed 26,096 effect sizes from 1,705 studies reporting effects of insecticides, fungicides and herbicides on growth, reproduction, behaviour, and other biomarkers of non-target terrestrial and aquatic taxa. Pesticides negatively affected invertebrate and vertebrate animals, seed and spore-producing plants, as well as bacteria and fungi. Pesticides formulated to target a particular taxon negatively affected phylogenetically distant groups, e.g. insecticidal neonicotinoids impacted amphibians, fish, mammals and monocotyledonous plants. The effects were evident for field-realistic exposures, were more pronounced in temperate than tropical regions, and were consistent in magnitude for exposure in aquatic and terrestrial environments. The detection of strong detrimental effects of pesticides across a wide range of non-target organisms questions current regulatory practices. Adoption of sustainable management practices (e.g. agricultural ecological intensification, integrated pest management, and non-pesticide control) may help balance food security alongside reducing dependencies on pesticide with their associated risks to nature.
Naringin and naringenin counteract taxol-induced hepatic liver injury in Wistar rats via suppression of oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation
Authors: Khaled Shimaa S. , Soliman Hanan A. , Abdel-Gabbar Mohammed , Ahmed Noha A. , El-Nahass El-Shaymaa , Ahmed Osama M.
Published: March 2023

This research aimed to evaluate the preventing effects of naringin, naringenin and their combination on liver injury induced by Taxol (paclitaxel) in Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats received 2 mg/kg Taxol intraperitoneal injections twice weekly on the second and fifth days of each week for 6 weeks. During the same period as Taxol administration, rats were given naringin, naringenin, or a combination of the two (10 mg/kg b.wt) every other day. Treatment with naringin and/or naringenin reduced the abnormally high serum levels of total bilirubin, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase in Taxol-treated rats. It also significantly increased the level of serum albumin, indicating an improvement in the liver'. The perturbed histological liver changes were markedly improved due to the naringin and/or naringenin treatment in Taxol-administered rats. Additionally, the treatments reduced high hepatic lipid peroxidation and increased liver glutathione content as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Furthermore, the treatments reduced the levels of alpha-fetoprotein and caspase-3, a pro-apoptotic mediator. The naringin and naringenin mixture appeared more effective in improving organ function and structural integrity. In conclusion, naringin and naringenin are suggested to employ their hepatoprotective benefits via boosting the body's antioxidant defense system, reducing inflammation, and suppressing apoptosis.
Effects of biogeographical origin on the flowering phenology of exotic plant communities
Authors: Maruyama Noriko , Uchida Kei , Kawabata Saneyuki , Yasunaga Eriko , Miyazaki Keiko , Fukano Yuya
Published: March 2023

Although numerous attempts have been made to clarify traits associated with the invasiveness of exotic species, the effect of the biogeographical origin of exotic species on trait variability in invaded regions in a community level remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined how biogeographical origin affects the flowering phenology of exotic herbaceous plant communities. We collected flowering phenology data for herbaceous plants in Japan based on three types of independent data source: records of 537 exotic species from a picture book; records of 319 exotic and native species from field surveys in 1994–2015 conducted using a citizen science approach; and records of 186 exotic and native species from a field survey conducted over a 1-year period. We used generalized linear models to examine the effects of three attributes (family, lifeform, and biogeographical origin) on the flowering phenology of exotic plant communities. For comparisons between exotic and native communities, we included habitat factors in the analyses. The results indicated that biogeographical origin has a significant effect on the flowering phenology of exotic plant communities. In Japan, exotic plants of European origin flower significantly earlier than those of North American origin and native plants. The findings of this study highlight the need to consider biogeographical origin when assessing the traits of exotic species.
Is Unicentric Familial Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma Different from Multicentric?
Authors: Ríos Antonio , Ruiz-Pardo J , Román Andrés Balaguer , Puñal JA , Moreno P , Mercader E , Ferrero E , Morlán MA , Martín J , Durán M , Bravo JM , Casanova D , Salvador-Egea MP , Torregrosa NM , Exposito-Rodríguez A , Martínez-Fernández G , Carrión AM , Vidal O , Herrera F , Ruiz-Merino G , Rodríguez JM
Published: March 2023

Background. Familial papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (FPTMC) appears to be more aggressive than sporadic papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (SPTMC). However, there are authors who indicate that unicentric FPTMC has a similar prognosis to SPTMC. The objective is to analyze whether unicentric FPTMC has a better prognosis than multicentric FPTMC.
Design and Methods. Type of study: National multicenter longitudinal analytical observational study. Study population: Patients with FPTMC. Study groups: Two groups were compared: Group A (unicentric FPTMC) vs. Group B (multicentric FPTMC). Study variables: It is analyzed whether between the groups there are: a) differentiating characteristics; and b) prognostic differences. Statistical analysis: Cox regression analysis and survival analysis.
Results. Ninety-four patients were included, 44% (n=41) with unicentric FPTMC and 56% (n=53) with multicentric FPTMC. No differences were observed between the groups according to socio-familial, clinical or histological variables. In the group B a more aggressive treatment was performed, with higher frequency of total thyroidectomy (99% vs. 78%; p=0.003), lymph node dissection (41% vs. 15%; p=0.005) and therapy with radioactive iodine (96 % vs. 73%; p=0.002). Tumor stage was similar in both groups (p=0.237), with a higher number of T3 cases in the group B (24% vs. 5%; p=0.009). After a mean follow-up of 90 ± 68.95 months, the oncological results were similar, with a similar disease persistence rate (9% vs. 5%; p=0.337), disease recurrence rate (21% vs. 8%; p=0.159) and disease-free survival (p=0.075).
Conclusions. Unicentric FPTMC should not be considered as a SPTMC due to its prognosis is similar to multicentric FPTMC.