bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mining‐Induced Pressure‐Relief Mechanism of Coal‐Rock Mass for Different Protective Layer Mining Modes
Authors: Cheng Xiang , Zhao Guangming , Li Yingming , Meng Xiangrui , Tu Qingyi , Huang Shunjie , Qin Zhihong
Published: July 2021

The protective layer mining method of the traditional deep coal seam in has been confronted with great challenges, and it is difficult for coal and gas to be extracted together. Taking the occurrence conditions of III1 mining area of Luling Coal Mine located at Huaibei, China, as engineering background, the influence law of the lithology on stress environment in front of the stope was analyzed by theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. The mining‐induced mechanical effect of coal‐rock mass was studied under different protective layer mining modes. The results showed that the peak value of the advanced abutment pressure decreased with the decrease of lithologic strength under the same mining conditions. For simulated geological conditions, the stress concentration coefficient of soft rock and coal seam protective layer mining modes was 1.9 and 1.7, respectively. Under the mining stress path of different protective layers, the ratio of axial stress increase and confining pressure unloading in secondary unloading phase were 2 : 1 and 1.5 : 1, respectively. The axial stress‐strain curves of different protective layer mining modes had similar trends, and they had a volume expansion at the end of unloading (failure stage). In addition, it revealed the pressure‐relief antireflection mechanism of the protective layer mining. Under the same confining pressure condition, the peak stress and peak strain increased with the increase of loading and unloading velocity ratio. The reduced value of the confining pressure increased, while the volume expansion decreased at failure. The results were applied to III1 mining area in soft rock protective layer mining, which created the mining way of traditional coal seam protective layer. Furthermore, the gas control technology of soft rock protective layer working face was put forward for deep coal seam with low permeability and high gas, enriching the pressure‐relief mining theory of protective layer.
Structure and Function of Mitochondria‐Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes (MAMs) and Their Role in Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Luan Yi , Luan Ying , Yuan Rui-Xia , Feng Qi , Chen Xing , Yang Yang
Published: July 2021

Abnormal function of suborganelles such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum often leads to abnormal function of cardiomyocytes or vascular endothelial cells and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Mitochondria‐associated membrane (MAM) is involved in several important cellular functions. Increasing evidence shows that MAM is involved in the pathogenesis of CVD. MAM mediates multiple cellular processes, including calcium homeostasis regulation, lipid metabolism, unfolded protein response, ROS, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammation, which are key risk factors for CVD. In this review, we discuss the structure of MAM and MAM‐associated proteins, their role in CVD progression, and the potential use of MAM as the therapeutic targets for CVD treatment.
A Study of Flexible Flow Shop Scheduling Problem with Various Heterogeneous Labors
Authors: Huang Rong-Hwa , Chang Shao-Jung , Yu Shun-Chi
Published: July 2021

This study considers the necessity of hiring heterogeneous labors. So far, many studies focus more on manufacturing of equipment and control systems in the intelligent production planning. In fact, the regular labors’ processing time may be affected by the external factors and the disabled labors by the mentally handicapped. Therefore, this study sets the processing time of the two types of labors as fuzzy sets. The extra processing time from overtime generated by physical deterioration of old-aged labors is equal to the processing time of regular labors multiplied by the physical deterioration rate of old-aged labors on machine. The coefficient of the cost function is the stepwise function of cost structure. Besides, the dispatching rule based on floating time utilizes ant colony optimization to minimize the makespan. The data test results indicate that the proposed algorithm can efficiently dispatch and schedule the operations, with the average improvement ratio about 11.76%, and demonstrates high capability for the intelligent production planning
Dextromethorphan Dampens Neonatal Astrocyte Activation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induced by Prenatal Exposure to Buprenorphine
Authors: Lin Chun-Hua , Tao Pao-Luh , Tsay Huey-Jen , Chiang Yao-Chang , Chang Wei-Tang , Ho Ing-Kang , Shie Feng-Shiun
Published: July 2021

Prenatal exposure to buprenorphine renders offspring vulnerable to cerebral impairments. In this study, our data demonstrate, for the first time, that prenatal exposure to buprenorphine escalates astrocyte activation concurrent with indications of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the hippocampi of neonates, and this can be prevented by the coadministration of dextromethorphan with buprenorphine. Furthermore, dextromethorphan can inhibit the accumulation of GPR37 in the hippocampus of newborns caused by buprenorphine and is accompanied by the proapoptotic ER stress response that involves the procaspase-3/CHOP pathway. Primary astrocyte cultures derived from the neonates of the buprenorphine group also displayed aberrant ER calcium mobilization and elevated basal levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at 14 days in vitro while showing sensitivity to lipopolysaccharide-activated expression of COX-2. Similarly, these long-lasting defects in the hippocampus and astrocytes were abolished by dextromethorphan. Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to buprenorphine might instigate long-lasting effects on hippocampal and astrocytic functions. The beneficial effects of prenatal coadministration of dextromethorphan might be, at least in part, attributed to its properties in attenuating astrocyte activation and hippocampal ER stress in neonates.
Effect of Atomic Number on Plasma Pinch Properties and Radiative Emissions
Authors: Sahyouni Walid , Nassif Alaa
Published: July 2021

The aim of the research is to examine the dependence of plasma pinch properties and radiation emissions on the atomic number of the operating gas within the dense plasma focus device (NX2) when using hydrogen and argon gases. Simulation was performed with Lee’s code on an NX2 dense plasma focus at a constant gas pressure value (

P

0

=
0.5
 
torr

). The results showed that the minimum radius of the plasma focus in the case of the hydrogen plasma pinch was 0.30 cm and in the case of the argon plasma pinch 0.17 cm, and this affected the value of the radiation emission as it was

7.8
×

10

−
6

 
J

and 11 J for the hydrogen and argon pinch, respectively. The energy of the ion beam released by the breakdown of the plasma pinch was found as

E

n

=
23.8
 
J

in the state of hydrogen and

E

n

=
105
 
J

in the state of argon.
Study of a System Dynamics Model of Wuhan Commodity Housing Price
Authors: Guo Jingyi , Wang Junwu , Liu Denghui , Qiao Shi , Wu Han
Published: July 2021

Commodity housing is the most important product in the development of modern civil engineering, and it is also the frontier problem of modern engineering project management research. The progress of civil engineering in China can be seen to a great extent through the development of commercial housing. In order to solve the severe problem of rapid growth of commodity housing price in China, considering the advantages of system dynamics theory, a system dynamics model of commodity housing price is constructed. Eight subsystems, namely, housing demand, housing supply, housing price, urban population, urban economy, housing land, housing tenancy, and macro‐control, are studied. Taking the relevant data of Wuhan as an example, the Vensim DSS is used for simulations. In addition, a validity test and sensitivity test are used to verify the validity and feasibility of the model, respectively. Based on the model, it is successfully predicted that the price of commercial housing in Wuhan will reach 18,207.9 yuan/m2 in 2030, which provides a more systematic method of prediction for synthesis simulation of commercial housing markets. From the perspective of the developer loan interest rate, real estate tax rate, purchase restriction, and other policies, we show that the developer loan interest rate regulation policy has the strongest effect on guiding the change in commercial housing prices in Wuhan. Generally, this study provides insight into the responses that the national government could use to control housing prices.
European Option Pricing under Wishart Processes
Authors: Naryongo Raphael , Ngare Philip , Waititu Anthony
Published: July 2021

This study deals with a single risky asset pricing model whose volatility is described by Wishart affine processes. This multifactor model with two dependency matrices describing the correlation between the asset dynamic and Wishart processes makes it more flexible enough to fit the market data for short or long maturities. The aim of the study is to derive and solve the call option pricing problem under the double Wishart stochastic volatility model. The Fourier transform techniques combined with perturbation methods are employed in order to price the European call options. The numerical illustrations on pricing predictions show similar behavior of price movements under the double Wishart model with respect to the market price.
Highway Travel Time Prediction of Segments Based on ANPR Data considering Traffic Diversion
Authors: Du Wenjun , Sun Bo , Kuai Jiating , Xie Jiemin , Yu Jie , Sun Tuo
Published: July 2021

Travel time is one of the most critical parameters in proactive traffic management and the deployment of advanced traveler information systems. This paper proposes a hybrid model named LSTM-CNN for predicting the travel time of highways by integrating the long short-term memory (LSTM) and the convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with the attention mechanism and the residual network. The highway is divided into multiple segments by considering the traffic diversion and the relative location of automatic number plate recognition (ANPR). There are four steps in this hybrid approach. First, the average travel time of each segment in each interval is calculated from ANPR and fed into LSTM in the form of a multidimensional array. Second, the attention mechanism is adopted to combine the hidden layer of LSTM with dynamic temporal weights. Third, the residual network is introduced to increase the network depth and overcome the vanishing gradient problem, which consists of three pairs of one-dimensional convolutional layers (Conv1D) and batch normalization (BatchNorm) with the rectified linear unit (ReLU) as the activation function. Finally, a series of Conv1D layers is connected to extract features further and reduce dimensionality. The proposed LSTM-CNN approach is tested on the three-month ANPR data of a real-world 39.25 km highway with four pairs of ANPR detectors of the uplink and downlink, Zhejiang, China. The experimental results indicate that LSTM-CNN learns spatial, temporal, and depth information better than the state-of-the-art traffic forecasting models, so LSTM-CNN can predict more accurate travel time. Moreover, LSTM-CNN outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in nonrecurrent prediction, multistep-ahead prediction, and long-term prediction. LSTM-CNN is a promising model with scalability and portability for highway traffic prediction and can be further extended to improve the performance of the advanced traffic management system (ATMS) and advanced traffic information system (ATIS).
Non-invasive Detection of Immunotherapy-Induced Adverse Events
Authors: Ferreira Carolina A. , Heidari Pedram , Ataeinia Bahar , Sinevici Nicoleta , Sise Meghan E. , Colvin Robert B. , Wehrenberg-Klee Eric , Mahmood Umar
Published: July 2021

Purpose:

Cancer immunotherapy has markedly improved the prognosis of patients with a broad variety of malignancies. However, benefits are weighed against unique toxicities, with immune-related adverse events (irAE) that are frequent and potentially life-threatening. The diagnosis and management of these events are challenging due to heterogeneity of timing onset, multiplicity of affected organs, and lack of non-invasive monitoring techniques. We demonstrate the use of a granzyme B–targeted PET imaging agent (GZP) for irAE identification in a murine model.

Experimental Design:

We generated a model of immunotherapy-induced adverse events in Foxp3–DTR–GFP mice bearing MC38 tumors. GZP PET imaging was performed to evaluate organs non-invasively. We validated imaging with ex vivo analysis, correlating the establishment of these events with the presence of immune infiltrates and granzyme B upregulation in tissue. To demonstrate the clinical relevance of our findings, the presence of granzyme B was identified through immunofluorescence staining in tissue samples of patients with confirmed checkpoint inhibitor–associated adverse events.

Results:

GZP PET imaging revealed differential uptake in organs affected by irAEs, such as colon, spleen, and kidney, which significantly diminished after administration of the immunosuppressor dexamethasone. The presence of granzyme B and immune infiltrates were confirmed histologically and correlated with significantly higher uptake in PET imaging. The presence of granzyme B was also confirmed in samples from patients that presented with clinical irAEs.

Conclusions:

We demonstrate an interconnection between the establishment of irAEs and granzyme B presence and, for the first time, the visualization of those events through PET imaging.
A Phase II Trial of the Bruton Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitor Zanubrutinib (BGB-3111) in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Waldenström Macroglobulinemia
Authors: An Gang , Zhou Daobin , Cheng Shu , Zhou Keshu , Li Jianyong , Zhou Jianfeng , Xie Liping , Jin Jie , Zhong Liye , Yan Lingzhi , Guo Haiyi , Du Chenmu , Zhong Jinhua , Yu Yiling , Wu Binghao , Qiu Lugui
Published: July 2021

Purpose:

Although Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors have demonstrated promising efficacy in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), data in Asian populations are scarce. This trial is the first to investigate the effect of a BTK inhibitor in Chinese patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) WM.

Patients and Methods:

Patients with R/R WM with at least one prior regimen were enrolled into this single-arm, multicenter, phase II study (NCT03332173) and received zanubrutinib 160 mg twice daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was major response rate (MRR), as assessed by an independent review committee. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival, overall response rate, duration of major response, and safety.

Results:

Forty-four patients were enrolled. After a median follow-up of 33.0 (range, 3.2–36.5) months, MRR in all patients was 69.8%, with very good partial response or better in 32.6% of patients. All mutation groups benefited from zanubrutinib treatment (MRR in patients with MYD88L265P mutation, 73%; MRR in patients with MYD88 wild type mutation, 50%). A higher response rate was seen in the MYD88L265P/CXCR4WT population, compared with the other populations. Median progression-free survival and median duration of major response were not reached. The most frequently reported grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) were neutrophil count decreased (31.8%), and platelet count decreased and pneumonia (20.5% each). No case of atrial fibrillation/flutter occurred.

Conclusions:

Zanubrutinib achieved a high rate of response that was durable and deep in patients with R/R WM across all subgroups, and potentially confers a positive benefit–risk profile for WM.
Integrated Human and Murine Clinical Study Establishes Clinical Efficacy of Ruxolitinib in Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
Authors: Hunter Anthony M. , Newman Hannah , Dezern Amy E. , Steensma David P. , Niyongere Sandrine , Roboz Gail J. , Mo Qianxing , Chan Onyee , Gerds Aaron , Sallman David A. , Dominguez-Viqueira William , Letson Christopher , Balasis Maria E. , Ball Markus , Kruer Traci , Zhang Hailing , Lancet Jeffrey E. , List Alan F. , Sekeres Mikkael A. , Komrokji Rami S. , Padron Eric
Published: July 2021

Purpose:

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a rare leukemia characterized by peripheral monocytosis with no disease-modifying therapies. CMML cells are uniquely hypersensitive to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and robustly engraft in immunocompromised mice that secrete human cytokines. To leverage these unique biological features, we conducted an integrated human and murine study evaluating ruxolitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor that potently downregulates intracellular GM-CSF signaling.

Patients and Methods:

A total of 50 patients with WHO-defined CMML were enrolled in this open-label, multi-institution phase I/II clinical study, with a ruxolitinib dose of 20 mg twice daily studied in phase II. In parallel, 49 patient-derived xenografts (PDX) derived from 13 study participants were generated and randomized to receive ruxolitinib or vehicle control.

Results:

The most common grade 3/4 treatment-related toxicities observed were anemia (10%) and thrombocytopenia (6%). The clinical overall response rate was 38% by Myelodysplastic Syndrome/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MDS/MPN) International Working Group (IWG) criteria and 43% of patients with baseline splenomegaly achieved a spleen response. Profiling of cytokine levels and somatic mutations at baseline failed to identify predictive biomarkers. PDX models derived from screening samples of study participants recapitulated responses seen in humans, particularly spleen responses, and corroborated ruxolitinib's clinical efficacy in a randomized murine study not feasible in human trials.

Conclusions:

Ruxolitinib demonstrated clinical efficacy and an acceptable adverse event profile in patients with CMML, identifying a potential novel therapeutic in this rare malignancy. Furthermore, this study demonstrates proof of concept that PDX modeling can recapitulate responses of patients treated on clinical trial and represents a novel correlative study that corroborates clinical efficacy seen in humans.

See related commentary by Shastri and Adrianzen-Herrera, p. 6069
Molecular Dosimetry of Temozolomide: Quantification of Critical Lesions, Correlation to Cell Death Responses, and Threshold Doses
Authors: Stratenwerth Björn , Geisen Susanne M. , He Yang , Beltzig Lea , Sturla Shana J. , Kaina Bernd
Published: July 2021

Temozolomide (TMZ) is a DNA-methylating agent used in cancer chemotherapy, notably for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), where it is applied as a front-line drug. One of the DNA alkylation products of TMZ is the minor lesion O6-methylguanine (O6MeG), which is responsible for nearly all genotoxic, cytotoxic, and cytostatic effects induced in the low-dose range relevant for cancer therapy. Here, we addressed the question of how many O6MeG adducts are required to elicit cytotoxic responses. Adduct quantification revealed that O6MeG increases linearly with dose. The same was observed for DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and p53ser15. Regarding apoptosis, hockeystick modeling indicated a possible threshold for A172 cells at 2.5 μmol/L TMZ, whereas for LN229 cells no threshold was detected. Cellular senescence, which is the main cellular response, also increased linearly, without a threshold. Using a dose of 20 μmol/L, which is achievable in a therapeutic setting, we determined that 14,000 adducts give rise to 32 DSBs (γH2AX foci) in A172 cells. This leads to 12% cell death and 35% of cells entering senescence. In LN229 cells, 20 μmol/L TMZ induced 20,600 O6MeG adducts, 66 DSBs (γH2AX foci), 24% apoptosis, and 52% senescence. The linear dose response and the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects observed at therapeutically relevant dose levels make it very likely that the TMZ target concentration triggers a significant cytotoxic and cytostatic effect in vivo. Despite a linear increase in the O6MeG adduct level, DSBs, and p53 activation, the low curative effect of TMZ results presumably from the low rate of apoptosis compared to senescence.
Evaluation of Sporadic and Familial Cases with Craniofrontonasal Syndrome: A Wide Clinical Spectrum and Identification of a Novel EFNB1 Gene Mutation
Authors: Gürsoy Semra , Hazan Filiz , Öztürk Tülay , Çolak Rüya , Çalkavur Şebnem
Published: July 2021

Craniofrontonasal syndrome (CFNS) is a rare X-linked genetic disorder which is characterized by coronal synostosis, widely spaced eyes, a central nasal groove, and various skeletal anomalies. Mutations in the EFNB1 gene in Xq13.1 are responsible for familial and sporadic cases. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and molecular results of 4 patients with CFNS. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of all patients and their parents, and Sanger sequencing of the EFNB1 gene was performed. A novel EFNB1 gene mutation (c.65delG; p.Cys22SerfsTer24) was detected in a newborn who had only dysmorphic facial features and bicornuate uterus. The other 3 patients (2 familial cases and 1 sporadic case) shared the same mutation (c.196C>T; p.R66X). However, the clinical features of these patients were highly variable. Additionally, central (meso-axial) polydactyly and deep palmar creases were detected, which have not been previously reported. CFNS has a wide clinical spectrum, but there is no clear genotype-phenotype correlation. However, central (meso-axial) polydactyly and deep palmar creases may be part of the clinical spectrum seen in CFNS. In addition, our findings expand the mutational spectrum in patients with CFNS.
Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres Phenotype Predicts Progression Risk in Noninsulinomas in a Chinese Cohort
Authors: Ban Xinchao , Mo Shengwei , Lu Zhaohui , Jia Congwei , Shao Huilin , Yan Jie , Chang Xiaoyan , Mao Xinxin , Wu Yan , Zhang Yue , Fan Xiaojie , Yu Shuangni , Chen Jie
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Recent studies have suggested that alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) is associated with metastasis and poor survival in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs). This study evaluated whether this association is applicable to Chinese patients as well as the potential somatic mutations associated with ALT. Methods: We assessed the prevalence of ALT by performing telomere-specific fluorescence in situ hybridization and analyzed DAXX/ATRX expression using immunohistochemistry in 112 Chinese patients with PanNETs to evaluate the association between ALT and clinical outcomes. A subset of the noninsulinoma samples (28/60) was subjected to Sanger sequencing and targeted sequencing. Results: The ALT-positive phenotype was identified in 23.2% (26/112) of the samples. The clinicopathologic factors significantly associated with progression in the noninsulinoma (n = 60) cohort were the female sex (p = 0.006), Ki-67 index (p < 0.001), World Health Organization grade (p = 0.031), and ALT positivity (p = 0.013). Patients with ALT-positive PanNETs had significantly shorter progression-free survival than those with ALT-negative PanNETs in the entire cohort (p < 0.001), noninsulinoma subgroup (p = 0.01), and G2 subgroup (p = 0.001). ALT-positive samples frequently harbored somatic mutations in DAXX, ATRX, MEN1, SETBP1, PRKDC, and GNAS. Conclusions: We confirmed that ALT positivity is an effective risk predictor, especially in the noninsulinoma and G2 subgroups. ALT is also related to somatic mutations in MEN1, SETBP1, PRKDC, and GNAS, in addition to DAXX and ATRX.
High Prevalence of Severe Aortic Stenosis in Low-Flow State Associated With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Alsidawi Said , Khan Sana , Pislaru Sorin V. , Thaden Jeremy J. , El-Am Edward A. , Scott Christopher G. , Morant Kareem , Oguz Didem , Luis Sushil A. , Padang Ratnasari , Lane Colleen E. , McCully Robert B. , Pellikka Patricia A. , Oh Jae K. , Nkomo Vuyisile T.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a low-flow state and may underestimate aortic stenosis (AS) severity. Single-high Doppler signals (HS) consistent with severe AS (peak velocity ≥4 m/s or mean gradient ≥40 mm Hg) are averaged down in current practice. The objective for the study was to determine the significance of HS in AF low-gradient AS (LGAS).

Methods:

One thousand five hundred forty-one patients with aortic valve area ≤1 cm
2
and left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% were identified and classified as high-gradient AS (HGAS) (≥40 mm Hg) and LGAS (<40 mm Hg), and AF versus sinus rhythm (SR). Available computed tomography aortic valve calcium scores (AVCS) were retrieved from the medical record. Outcomes were assessed.

Results:

Mean age was 76±11 years, female 47%. Mean gradient was 51±12 in SR-HGAS, 48±10 in AF-HGAS, 31±5 in SR-LGAS, and 29±7 mm Hg in AF-LGAS, all
P
≤0.001 versus SR-HGAS; HS were present in 33% of AF-LGAS. AVCS were available in 34%. Compared with SR-HGAS (2409 arbitrary units; interquartile range, 1581–3462) AVCS were higher in AF-HGAS (2991 arbitrary units; IQR1978–4229,
P
=0.001), not different in AF-LGAS (2399 arbitrary units; IQR1817–2810,
P
=0.47), and lower in SR-LGAS (1593 arbitrary units; IQR945–1832,
P
<0.001); AVCS in AF-LGAS were higher when HS were present (
P
=0.048). Compared with SR-HGAS, the age-, sex-, comorbidity index-, and time-dependent aortic valve replacement-adjusted mortality risk was higher in AF-HGAS (hazard ratio=1.82 [1.40–2.36],
P
<0.001) and AF-LGAS with HS (hazard ratio=1.54 [1.04–2.26],
P
=0.03) but not different in AF-LGAS without HS or SR-LGAS (both
P
=not significant).

Conclusions:

Severe AS was common in AF-LGAS. AVCS in AF-LGAS were not different from SR-HGAS. AVCS were higher and mortality worse in AF-LGAS when HS were present.
DURUMLUK UMUT ÖLÇEĞİNİN TÜRKÇE UYARLAMASI: YAŞAM TATMİNİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: BEKMEZCİ Mustafa , KÖKSAL Kemal , MERT İbrahim Sani
Published: July 2021

Bu çalışmada, Durumluk Umut Ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında üç farklı gruptan veri toplanmıştır. Dil eşdeğerliliğini test etmek için 36 kişiden oluşan örneklem kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini test etmek amacıyla kamuda çalışan 237 kişiden veri toplanmıştır. Yapı geçerliliği kapsamında 237 kişilik örneklem grubunda açıklayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Özel bir sektör firmasında çalışan 375 kişiden toplanan veri ile, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, bileşim ve ayrışım geçerliliği ve yapı güvenilirliği ve durumluk umut ölçeği Türkçe formunun yordama gücü yaşam tatmini üzerinde test edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Türkçeye uyarlanan Durumluk Umut Ölçeğinin dilsel eşdeğerliliğinin olduğu, geçerli ve güvenilir bir şekilde yordama gücünün olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Description of one new species of freshwater shrimp of the genus Caridina (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from two karst caves of Northern Vietnam
Authors: TU DO VAN , DONG DANG VAN , RINTELEN THOMAS VON
Published: July 2021

A new species of atyid freshwater shrimp is described from two caves of Bac Kan Province, Northeast Vietnam, namely Caridina namdat sp. nov. This species can be distinguished from its congeners by a suite of morphological characters such as reduced eyes with short eyestalk, very short and unarmed rostrum, slender second pereiopod, elongated endopod of male first pleopod, and long appendix interna of the male second pleopod. Molecular phylogenetic data from the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S ribosomal RNA genes also support the distinctiveness of the new species from all other examined species.
A taxonomic study of Methocha Latreille (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Methochinae) from India with description of three new species
Authors: HANIMA RAVEENDRAN K.P. , KUMAR P. GIRISH , BINOY C. , SURESHAN P.M.
Published: July 2021

The genus Methocha Latreille (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae) from India was studied, resulting in the description of a new species based on females, Methocha krombeini Hanima, Girish Kumar & Binoy sp. nov., and two new species based on males, M. paraceylonica Hanima, Girish Kumar & Binoy sp. nov., and M. shyamagatra Hanima, Girish Kumar & Sureshan sp. nov. from India. A key to species of Methocha occurring in the Indian subcontinent is provided.
On the genus Elegia Ragonot, 1887 (Pyralidae: Phycitinae: Phycitini) from Iran with description of Elegia kharazii sp. nov.
Authors: ALIPANAH HELEN , SLAMKA FRANTIŠEK
Published: July 2021

Elegia species deposited in the Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum (HMIM) were examined and three species were identified. Elegia kharazii sp. nov. is described based on a single male and two females collected in Gilan and Golestan Provinces, Iran and compared with the externally similar European species E. similella (Zincken, 1818). Elegia saecula Kemal, Kýzýldað & Koçak, 2020 (syn. nov.) is considered as a junior synonym of Elegia iozona (Meyrick, 1937). Elegia atrifasciella Ragonot, 1887, collected in the north-west Iran (East Azarbaijan Province), is a new species for the fauna of Iran.
Use of Deep Learning for Weather Radar Nowcasting
Authors: Cuomo Joaquin , Chandrasekar V.
Published: July 2021

Nowcasting based on weather radar uses the current and past observations to make estimations of future radar echoes. There are many types of operationally deployed nowcasting systems, but none of them are currently based on deep learning, despite it being an active area of research in the last few years. This paper explores deep learning models as alternatives to current methods by proposing different architectures and comparing them against some operational nowcasting systems. The methods proposed here, harnessing residual convolutional encoder-decoder architectures, reach a level of performance expected of current systems and in certain scenarios can even outperform them. Finally, some of the potential drawbacks of using deep learning are analyzed. No decay in the performance on a different geographical area from where the models were trained was found. No edge or checkerboard artifact, common in convolutional operations, was found that affects the nowcasting metrics.
Anticipatory Culture in the Bering Sea: Weather, Climate and Temporal Dissonance
Authors: Baker Zeke
Published: July 2021

A major implication of climate change is the declining capacity for communities to anticipate future conditions and scenarios. In the Bering Sea region of Western Alaska, this situation is acute and holds manifold consequences, particularly for the region’s primarily Indigenous residents. Based upon interviews and fieldwork in two Bering Sea communities and among regional weather forecasters, this paper explores the intertwined temporalities of weather, climate, and social life. I demonstrate that anticipatory culture, which otherwise structures anticipatory practices regarding climate, local weather, and social life, is beset by temporal dissonance across three timescales. First, dramatic climatic and ecosystem shifts reshape how Indigenous Peoples envision themselves as culturally inhabiting a long-range history and future. Second, changes in weather patterns, ecological cycles, and sea ice dynamics upset evaluations of seasonality, leading to a pervasive sense of unpredictability. Third, on the everyday timescale, social and technological change complicates mariners’ evaluations of risk and economic (commercial and subsistence) decision-making. I conclude by connecting these three socio-environmental temporalities to the temporal frames that primarily characterize weather and climate services, with an emphasis on the US National Weather Service. The paper discusses how such services may further orient toward engaging socially embedded practices of anticipation in addition to formal prediction. Such an orientation can help to shape an anticipatory culture that more closely aligns meteorological and social patterns.
Baseline Anemia Is an Independent Predictor of Long-Term Mortality in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Baştuğ Serdal , Çöteli Cem , Çelik Muhammet Cihat , Kasapkara Haci Ahmet , Bayram Nihal Akar , Akcay Murat , Durmaz Tahir
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between baseline anemia and long-term mortality in a single-center retrospective study involving patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The study population included 412 consecutive patients undergoing TAVI at a center for severe aortic valve stenosis between August 2011 and November 2018. The primary end point of the study was all-cause mortality. Baseline anemia was present in 50% of our study cohort. During the median follow-up of 29 months, all-cause mortality was observed in 40.3% of the whole study population and was more frequently observed in the anemic group compared with the nonanemic group (53.5% vs 27.1%, P < .001, respectively). Cox-regression analysis revealed that Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality score, previous stroke, pericardial tamponade, and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio count are independent predictors of long-term mortality after TAVI. Additionally, the presence of anemia at baseline was an independent predictor of long-term mortality with a 2.3-fold difference in the anemic group compared with the nonanemic group (hazard ratio: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.59-3.37, P < .001). Baseline anemia was observed in half of our patient population undergoing TAVI, and baseline anemia was found to be an independent predictor of long-term mortality after TAVI.
Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index May Predict the Development of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Bağcı Ali , Aksoy Fatih , Baş Hasan Aydin
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive capacity of a systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in the detection of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). A total of 477 STEMI patients were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to CIN development. A cutoff point of 5.91 for logarithm-transformed SII was identified with 73.0% sensitivity and 57.5% specificity to predict CIN following STEMI. According to a pairwise analysis of receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the predictive power of SII in detecting CIN following STEMI was similar to that of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and better than the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio or platelet/lymphocyte ratio. As a result, SII can be used as one of the independent predictors of CIN after STEMI.
Occupational Diversification as Livelihood Strategy Among the Agricultural Labour Households of West Bengal, India
Authors: Kundu Amit , Das Sangita
Published: July 2021

It is now difficult for an agricultural-labour household to get employment as agricultural labourers throughout the year. So, this type of household for survival purposes has to depend on diversified occupations when sometimes only the household head participates and sometimes more than one able-bodied household member participate. Based on a village-level field investigation in West Bengal, the article explores that possibility to keep an agricultural labour household above the poverty line will be more effective if more than one adult member participates in different types of occupations throughout the year. Except this, other possible determinants which can play an effective role to keep an agricultural-labour household above the poverty line are higher operational land among the marginal farmer household who are also working as hired agricultural labour in others’ land and accessibility of microcredit for income-generating activity for the female member(s) of a household from self-help groups (SHGs).
Distant Traffic Light Recognition Using Semantic Segmentation
Authors: Masaki Shota , Hirakawa Tsubasa , Yamashita Takayoshi , Fujiyoshi Hironobu
Published: July 2021

Traffic light recognition is an important task for automatic driving support systems. Conventional traffic light recognition techniques are categorized into model-based methods, which frequently suffer from environmental changes such as sunlight, and machine-learning-based methods, which have difficulty detecting distant and occluded traffic lights because they fail to represent features efficiently. In this work, we propose a method for recognizing distant traffic lights by utilizing a semantic segmentation for extracting traffic light regions from images and a convolutional neural network (CNN) for classifying the state of the extracted traffic lights. Since semantic segmentation classifies objects pixel by pixel in consideration of the surrounding information, it can successfully detect distant and occluded traffic lights. Experimental results show that the proposed semantic segmentation improves the detection accuracy for distant traffic lights and confirms the accuracy improvement of 12.8 % over the detection accuracy by object detection. In addition, our CNN-based classifier was able to identify the traffic light status more than 30 % more accurately than the color thresholding classification.
Sequential Optimization of an Emergency Response Vehicle’s Intra-Link Movement in a Partially Connected Vehicle Environment
Authors: Hannoun Gaby Joe , Murray-Tuite Pamela , Heaslip Kevin , Chantem Thidapat
Published: July 2021

This paper introduces a semi-automated system that facilitates emergency response vehicle (ERV) movement through a transportation link by providing instructions to downstream non-ERVs. The proposed system adapts to information from non-ERVs that are nearby and downstream of the ERV. As the ERV passes stopped non-ERVs, new non-ERVs are considered. The proposed system sequentially executes integer linear programs (ILPs) on transportation link segments with information transferred between optimizations to ensure ERV movement continuity. This paper extends a previously developed mathematical program that was limited to a single short segment. The new approach limits runtime overhead without sacrificing effectiveness and is more suitable to dynamic systems. It also accommodates partial market penetration of connected vehicles using a heuristic reservation approach, making the proposed system beneficial in the short-term future. The proposed system can also assign the ERV to a specific lateral position at the end of the link, a useful capability when next entering an intersection. Experiments were conducted to develop recommendations to reduce computation times without compromising efficiency. When compared with the current practice of moving to the nearest edge, the system reduces ERV travel time an average of 3.26 s per 0.1 mi and decreases vehicle interactions.
The prescience and paradox of Erich Fromm: A note on the performative contradictions of critical theory
Authors: Alexander Jeffrey C.
Published: July 2021

As social theorists seek to understand the contemporary challenges of radical populism, we would do well to reconsider the febrile insights of the psychoanalytic social theorist Erich Fromm. It was Fromm who, at the beginning of the 1930s, conceptualized the emotional and sociological roots of a new ‘authoritarian character’ who was meek in the face of great power above and ruthless to the powerless below. It was Fromm, in the 1950s, who argued that societies, not only individuals, could be sick. This essay traces the intertwining of psychoanalytic and sociological methods that allowed Fromm to create such new ideas. At the same time, it highlights how Fromm’s sociology was hampered by an economistic Marxist approach to the institutions and culture of democratic capitalist societies. Such theoretical restriction prevented Fromm from conceptualizing how institutions like democracy, science, and psychotherapy can provide resources for widespread emotional recuperation and civil repair.
Research on springback characteristic in flexible multi-points 3D stretch-bending process
Authors: Gao Song , He Tonggui , Li Qihan , Sun Yingli , Liang Jicai
Published: July 2021

The problem of springback is one of the most significant factors affecting the forming accuracy for aluminum 3D stretch-bending parts. In order to achieve high-efficiency and high-quality forming of such kind of structural components, the springback behaviors of the AA6082 aluminum profiles are investigated based on the flexible multi-points 3D stretch-bending process (3D FSB). Firstly, a finite element simulation model for the 3D FSB process was developed to analyze the forming procedure and the springback procedure. The forming experiments were carried out for the rectangle-section profile to verify the effectiveness of the simulation model. Secondly, the influence of tension on springback was studied, which include the pre-stretching and the post-stretching. Furthermore, the influences of the bending radius and bending sequence are revealed. The results show that: (1) The numerical model can be used to evaluate the effects of bending radius and process parameters on springback in the 3D FSB process effectively. (2) The pre-stretching has little effect on the horizontal springback reduction, but it plays a prominent role in reducing the springback in the vertical direction. (3) The increase of bending deformation in any direction will lead to an increase of springback in its direction and reduce the springback in the other direction. Besides, it reduces the relative error in both directions simultaneously. This research established a foundation to achieve the precise forming of the 3D stretch-bending parts with closed symmetrical cross-section.
Evaluation of choroidal circulation and stromal features in Graves’ disease
Authors: Aksoy Mustafa , Simsek Mert , Apaydın Mahmut
Published: July 2021

Purpose:

This study aimed to evaluate choroidal thickness (CT) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients with Graves’ disease (GD) without ocular involvement.

Methods:

Fifty patients diagnosed with GD and 50 age and gender matched healthy control subjects were retrospectively evaluated. Measurements were taken from five different points on CT images. Choroid images were classified as lumen regions (LA) and stromal regions (SA) using the image binarization method. CVI was calculated by dividing LA by the total choroidal area (TCA). The effects of Thyrotropin Receptor Antibody (TRAb), age, GD duration, blood pressure, axial length measurements, and intraocular pressure were analyzed on CT and CVI measurements.

Results:

Mean age was 40.1 ± 13.5 years in the patient group and 39.3 ± 13.6 years in the control group ( p = 0.89). There was no significant difference between the GD group and control group in terms of CT measurements. There was a significant difference between the mean CVI measurements of the GD group and control group (68.03 ± 3.41 and 66.62 ± 3.11, respectively) ( p < 0.001). Univariate linear regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between TRAb and CVI ( p = 0.013).

Conclusion:

While there was no significant difference between the CT measurements of the GD group and the control group, the GD group had significantly higher CVI measurements.
A team mental model approach to understanding team effectiveness in an emergency department: A qualitative study
Authors: Wise Sarah , Duffield Christine , Fry Margaret , Roche Michael
Published: July 2021

Objectives

To demonstrate how the team mental model concept can broaden our understanding of team effectiveness in health care by exploring the knowledge that underpins it, and the workplace conditions that sustain it in a metropolitan emergency department (ED) in Sydney, Australia.

Methods

This study draws on accounts of 19 ED clinicians (registered nurses, doctors and nurse practitioners) of their teamwork practice and perceptions of their team’s effectiveness through semi-structured interviews. Analysis was conducted in two stages. A thematic analysis was followed by a template analysis using the a priori themes of task, team, team process and goal knowledge to specify the content of the team’s mental model.

Results

The content of the ED team’s mental model revealed that the knowledge the team employed to coordinate their work was deeply embedded in the team’s tasks and the workplace context. Team effectiveness not only relied on how well team members coordinate, but also their ability to perform their own role effectively and efficiently. Three workplace conditions were identified as enablers to individuals acquiring the knowledge needed to work effectively in the team: stability in team membership; workplace experience; and the spatial-temporal conditions of emergency work where permanent emergency doctors and nurses executed their tasks concurrently, regularly interacted and shared a common goal.

Conclusions

Getting health care teams ‘on the same page’ is a long-standing challenge. This study suggests that solutions may lay in the organisation of health care work, creating team stability and opportunities for team members to interact that allows a team mental model to emerge.
One-Year Clinical Outcome and Risk Factor Analysis of Directional Atherectomy Followed With Drug-Coated Balloon for Femoropopliteal Artery Disease
Authors: Feng Zibo , Yang Shuofei , Sang Hongfei , Xue Guanhua , Ni Qihong , Zhang Lan , Zhang Wei , Fang Xin , Ye Meng
Published: July 2021

Purpose:

This study investigated the 1-year clinical outcomes of directional atherectomy combined with drug-coated balloon (DA + DCB) in femoropopliteal artery disease (FPAD) from real-world experience.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted of patients treated between July 2016 and June 2019 using DA + DCB for FPAD. Patients’ demographics, comorbidities, clinical characteristics and outcomes, and angiography and duplex ultrasound findings were analyzed. The 6-month and 1-year primary patency, primary assisted patency, secondary patency, and freedom from clinically-driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR) were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors of primary patency loss or CD-TLR.

Results:

Seventy-nine consecutive patients (83 lesions, mean age 70.9 years, 52 men) were included. Twenty-seven limbs had lifestyle-limiting claudication and 56 limbs had critical limb ischemia. There were 73 and 10 limbs with de novo lesion and in-stent restenosis, respectively. The mean lesion length of all the patients was 22.1 cm. The mean length of chronic total occlusions (CTOs) was 8.3 cm. Severe calcification was found in 32.5% cases. The 1-year primary patency rate was 80.8% and freedom from CD-TLR was 92.2%. The bailout stenting rate was 2.4%. Patients with CTO >10 cm had significantly lower 1-year primary patency rate and freedom from CD-TLR than did patients with CTO ≤10 cm. Total length of CTO (stratified as ≤5 cm, 5–10 cm, >10 cm) was identified as an independent risk factor of 1-year primary patency loss and CD-TLR.

Conclusion:

DA + DCB appears to be a safe and effective endovascular therapy to treat FPAD in real-world clinical practice, with a promising 1-year patency rate with a low rate of bailout stenting.