bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feathers In the Wind: The Need for Culturally Safe Trauma-Informed Care in Oranga Tamariki Care and Protection Residences and Group Homes in Aotearoa
Authors:   , Montgomery Jennifer
Published: November 2024

This qualitative study examines the under-researched area of trauma and trauma-informed care in Oranga Tamariki care and protection residences and group homes. Compared to international standards, Aotearoa continues to use a high level of secure residential care despite significant issues and harm associated with this type of care. Rangatahi Māori are consistently over-represented in care and protection residences (57%) due to the ongoing impacts of colonisation. Young people in care and protection residences and group homes experience disproportionately high rates of trauma and present with the most complex mental health needs in Aotearoa. International research also highlights the prevalence of extensive trauma for young people in residential care. In 2017, Oranga Tamariki stated their intention to develop a trauma-informed system-wide framework. In 2021, Oranga Tamariki announced their plan to close care and protection residences, replace them with community-based group homes and develop a therapeutic model of care. This research examined to what extent trauma-informed care is currently implemented in Oranga Tamariki policies, models of care and practice in care and protection residences and group homes.

The research used a Community-Based Participatory Methodology and gathered the voices of care-experienced youth and practice-experienced key informants through semi-structured interviews. Reflexive Thematic Analysis was used to analyse the data in collaboration with a Māori researcher. Findings show that residences continue to operate and there is little evidence of a trauma-informed model of care having been implemented in care and protection residences and group homes. This research highlights how exposure to the care and protection system actively creates accumulative trauma for young people. This research advocates for the development and implementation of a culturally safe trauma-informed model of care to meet the needs of youth in the care and protection system. It also identifies the need for a whole of government and community approach to transform the wider state care system.
THE INFLUENCE OF A PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL ASSISTED BY SPIN WHEEL MEDIA ON THE CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING ABILITY OF CLASS IV PRIMARY STUDENTS IN THE ENERGY SOURCES MATERIAL
Authors: Triyadi Didik , Sumarli Sumarli , Utami Citra
Published: November 2024

This research aimed to (1) know the differences in conceptual understanding between students using a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by spinning wheel media and students using the conventional method in energy resources material, (2) describe the influence of the PBL model assisted by Spin Wheel media 4th-grade elementary school students on the conceptual understanding ability of energy sources, and (3) describe students' responses on the implementation PBL model assisted by Spin Wheel media on energy source material. The type of research used was quasi-experimental research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study was all class IV students, totalling 57 students. Sampling used a total sampling technique. The sample selected in this research was class IV B students, totalling 29 students in the experimental class and 28 class IV A students in the control class. The instruments used in this research were conceptual understanding ability test sheets and student response questionnaires. The data analysis technique used a two-independent sample t-test, effect size, and percentage of student response questionnaires. The results of the research showed that (1) there was a difference in the conceptual understanding ability of students who used the PBL model assisted by Spin Wheel media with students who used the conventional method on energy source material with the result tcount > ttable = 3.5146 > 2.004, (2) the PBL model assisted by Spin Wheel media had a high influence on the conceptual understanding fourth-grade students on energy sources material with an effect size result of 0.967; (3) students response were positive to PBL model assisted by Spin Wheel media with a percentage of 93% in the very high category. So, the results from this study can be concluded that there was an influence of the PBL model assisted by Spin Wheel media on students' conceptual understanding ability on energy sources material.
DEVELOPMENT OF ETHNOSCIENCE-BASED INTEGRATED SCIENCE E-MODULES USING FLIPBOOKS ON THE THEME OF REBON SHRIMP PASTE
Authors: Kamila Kamila , Ahied Mochammad , Hadi Wiwin Puspita , Putera Dwi Bagus Rendy Astid , Sutarja Maria Chandra
Published: November 2024

Integrated science learning in ethnoscience is very important because students can know the concrete form of local culture by constructing indigenous knowledge of the community in the process of making shrimp paste into scientific knowledge which is implemented through learning media in the form of e-modules. The purpose of this study was to produce an e-module and determine the level of validity, and student readability to an integrated science-based e-module based on ethnoscience using a flipbook with the theme of rebon shrimp paste. This type of research is development research using the ADDIE development model. The population in this study were all students of class VIII MTsN 2 Sumenep with a sample of class VIII-B. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. The instruments used were validation sheets of media experts, material experts, science teachers, and questionnaires student readability. The results showed that: 1) The results of the media aspect validity were 88.74% and the reliability value was 95.71% with very valid and very reliable categories. The value of the validity of the material aspect is 86.11% and the reliability value is 89.66% with a very valid and very reliable category. 2) Students' readability scores a percentage value of 88.18% with a very good category.
DEVELOPMENT POP-UP BOOK: A LEARNING MEDIA TO REDUCE FOOD LOSS AND FOOD WASTE IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Saputra Catur Surya , Syahputra Ardiansyah Dharma , Lestari Eva , Utamy Vyra Garmyta , Martini
Published: November 2024

The development of interesting learning media needs to be done to attract students' interest. Food loss and food waste are quite serious problems because the effects of food loss and food waste are very detrimental to humans. One of the learning media that can be developed as an educational effort related to the problem of food waste and food loss, namely pop-up books. The purpose of this study was to determine the results of the validity, effectiveness, and practicality of pop-up books to train students to reduce food loss and food waste. The research design used research and design (R&D). The participants in this study were class VII in one of the Surabaya city junior high schools in the Even Semester 2021/2022. The instruments used in the study, namely: feasibility test instruments for media experts, media feasibility test instruments for material experts, food loss and food waste literacy questions, and response questionnaires. Data collection techniques, namely: written tests, observations and surveys with paper & pencil. Data analysis techniques for validity use a Likert scale by finding the average, effectiveness is analyzed using Normalized change, and practicality is analyzed using a response questionnaire by finding the percentage of each indicator.  The results of this study, material expert validators obtained a percentage of 90% and media expert validators obtained a percentage of 93%. The effectiveness of this media obtained a score of  = 0.67 with the interpretation of moderate improvement. The practicality of this media obtained a percentage of 93% with a very good interpretation. Pop-up book food loss and waste is a feasible media to be used in learning to train and reduce food loss and food waste.
LITERATURE ANALYSIS: MEASURING TOOL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY IN PEATLAND INTEGRATION SCIENCE LEARNING
Authors: Rianty Rini , Santiani Santiani , Yuliani Hadma , Azizah Nadia
Published: November 2024

Peatlands play a crucial role in maintaining environmental balance and mitigating global climate change. Peatland damage due to human activities continues to occur. One of the efforts to deal with this problem is to improve students' environmental literacy through science learning that integrates peatlands. This study aims to analyze the dimensions and indicators used in the development of environmental literacy measurement tools in peatland integration science learning. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The results of the analysis show that environmental literacy measurement tools generally cover four main dimensions, namely environmental knowledge, attitudes towards the environment, cognitive skills, and environmental behavior or participation, with specific indicators in each dimension. The majority of existing measurement tools have not specifically integrated the peatland context. However, some recent studies have begun to develop environmental literacy measurement tools by integrating the peatland context. One example is the development of a questionnaire specifically designed to measure environmental literacy in peatland areas. The development of peatland-integrated environmental literacy measurement tools in science learning to increase students' understanding and concern for peatland conservation is urgently needed.
Re-Thinking Boundaries: The Evolution and Impact of AI in Music and Soundscapes
Authors:   Freie University of Berlin, Acil Tufan
Published: November 2024

This essay offers a comprehensive review of the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in music composition and soundscape generation, providing both a historical overview and a critical analysis of its impact. Tracing AI’s evolution from its early applications in the mid-20th century to its sophisticated use in contemporary auditory arts, the paper explores how AI has reshaped creative processes, blurred traditional boundaries between music and soundscapes, and catalyzed the emergence of new genres. Additionally, it critically examines the ethical, cultural, and aesthetic challenges posed by AI’s integration, addressing concerns such as creativity, authenticity, and the potential homogenization of musical outputs. By balancing both positive and critical dimensions, the essay aims to deepen understanding of AI’s dual role in transforming not only creative methodologies but also the conceptual frameworks of the auditory arts.
BLOCKCHAIN-POWERED VOTING: ENHANCING SECURITY, TRANSPARENCY, AND ACCESSIBILITY IN DIGITAL DEMOCRACY
Authors: Ramya P  , R Arun , M Dhinesh , M P Kamaleeshwaran , G Prasanth
Published: November 2024

Election officials encounter a range of challenges during electoral processes, notably issues like inaccurate vote confirmation and instances of unauthorized voting. To tackle these challenges, we introduce a cutting-edge online voting system that enhances the efficiency and security of elections. This autonomous system employs a camera to capture the images of voters, which are subsequently stored in a secure database. Utilizing Blockchain technology and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), the captured images are analyzed to facilitate accurate voter identification. The CNN is trained on a diverse dataset of labeled images to ensure high prediction accuracy. Furthermore, our system integrates a dual-factor authentication approach, combining facial recognition with Email One-Time Password (OTP) verification to confirm the identities of voters. This innovative methodology aims to bolster the integrity and trustworthiness of online voting mechanisms, paving the way for a more transparent and inclusive digital democratic process.
Significant predictors for effectiveness of blended learning in a language course
Authors: Wichadee Saovapa
Published: November 2024

A wide variety of technologies combined with traditional classroom methods can make learning easier in the digital age. This paper studied undergraduate students’ learning performance and satisfaction after they had studied in a blended setting and investigated if variables of learner characteristics and course features would be predictors for effectiveness in a blended course. Data were gained from 149 students enrolled in a fundamental English course at a private university in Thailand, using a 5-rating scale questionnaire. The results of the study demonstrated that students were satisfied with instructor, interactivity and course design, and the mean score of performance was higher than the criterion. It was found that attitudes toward blended learning, face-to-face support and digital literacy were three variables predicting learning performance while only two variables including face-to-face support and attitudes toward blended learning were two predicting variables of satisfaction with the course. However, workload management and online learning tools quality were not predictors of learning performance and satisfaction with the course. When designing future blended courses, instructors should pay more attention to face-to-face support, attitudes toward blended learning and digital literacy since these factors may have an impact on the course success.
The relationship between willingness to communicate and social presence in an online English language course
Authors: Le Thinh Van , Cunningham Una , Watson Kevin
Published: November 2024

Vietnamese high school students have few opportunities to use English outside class and they are often reluctant to speak in class. This paper describes and explains the students’ willingness to communicate (wtc) and relates this to varied perceptions of social presence. Eighteen high school students in Vietnam took a six-week online course using Facebook and Skype. They were interviewed individually before and after the course about their experiences, focusing on their perceptions of their own wtc. The results show that the students were more willing to use English spontaneously in the online environment in contexts where they perceived that they had less social presence. Text and audio chat were felt to be less face threatening than video chat, and consequently, students were more willing to speak in conditions of lower social presence. It can be concluded that the more social presence students felt they had in the online environment, the less their wtc. This was true for both synchronous and asynchronous online environments. Allowing students to control their social presence in online communication can embolden shy students and increase their WTC.
Native Englishspeaking teachers’ perspectives on using videoconferencing in learning English by Taiwanese elementary-school students
Authors: Yu Li-Tang
Published: November 2024

With the rapid development of computer technology, videoconferencing has been widely applied for social and educational purposes. Issues relevant to the use of videoconferencing in second-language instruction have been raised and researched. However, little attention has been paid to videoconferencing projects implemented outside class for elementary school students, particularly in the efl context. To fill the gap, the current study aims to contribute to our understanding of the outof-class videoconferencing language-learning activities for young learners by exploring how 40 native English-speaking teachers perceived out-of-class videoconferencing in learning English by elementary school students in Taiwan. Data consisted of teacher responses to a post-videoconference survey with open-ended questions. Through qualitative, inductive, and interpretive analysis of the data, the study identified three emerging themes: uneven student performance, technical issues, and suggestions for the videoconferencing activity. The study contributes to our understanding of the videoconferencing experience of language teachers and broadens our understanding of implementing videoconference activities. Further research could explore teacher metacompetence (Guichon, 2009) by analyzing videotaped videoconferencing sessions.
Learning analytics for language learning and teaching
Authors: Reinders Hayo
Published: November 2024

If only we could know what our students were up to at any given moment in class. Who is paying attention, and who is falling asleep? Who understands the past perfect and who thinks it is about something wonderful that happened yesterday? And wouldn’t it be great if we knew who is motivated and who is ready to drop out of the course? Language teachers perhaps struggle with these questions even more than teachers in other domains, because their students are not able to communicate their preferences and needs as well as l1 speakers. Learning analytics involves monitoring student engagement and comprehension and can be used as a way to identify potential problems early on in a course. In this short article I will describe what learning analytics is, how it can work in practice, as well as its potential benefits and drawbacks for language learning and teaching.
Factors influencing teachers’ intentions to integrate smartphones in language lessons
Authors: O’Neill Saskia , Kreijns Karel , Vermeulen Marjan
Published: November 2024

Research has shown that mobile technology could enhance the effectiveness of common language learning activities but in practice, few teachers are using mobile devices. Fishbein and Ajzen’s (2010) reasoned action approach was used to identify to which extent certain personal factors influenced teachers’ intentions to integrate smartphones in their language lessons. Data were collected from 63 teachers at language centres connected to 15 institutes for Higher Education in the Netherlands. Four subgroups were distinguished based on two variables: first basic versus smartphone owners and second non versus frequent phone users. The subgroup of basic phone owners had less favourable feelings, and a subgroup of frequent phone users had more favourable feelings towards integrating smartphones in their lessons compared with the whole group. Differences in the number of hours teachers worked and age were not significant. Some differences were found in the role of perceived norm and perceived behavioural control for the whole group and for the subgroup of smartphone owners (n = 49). This study contributed to the growing number of studies that found Fishbein and Ajzen’s model suitable for predicting technology acceptance in an educational context.
Incidental professional vocabulary scquisition of EFL business learners: Effect of captioned video with glosses as a multimedia annotation
Authors: Hsu Hui-Tzu
Published: November 2024

Use of captioned video in classrooms has gained considerable attention in the second and foreign language learning. However, the effect of application of captioned video embedded with glosses on incidental vocabulary enhancement has not been explored. This study aims to examine the effect of video captions with glosses on efl students’ incidental business vocabulary acquisition; 50 students from a college of management served as participants. A pretest was adopted to ensure participants lacked familiarity with the target vocabulary. All participants watched three video clips presented in three modes (noncaptioned, captioned, and caption-gloss modes). After each mode session, all participants took an immediate posttest and a 3-week-delayed posttest. Following the final posttest, the participants completed a questionnaire. The findings revealed that the caption-gloss mode significantly outperformed the other 2 modes in both the immediate and 3-week-delayed posttests. Retention of the target business words did not significantly decline at the 3-weekdelayed posttest. Therefore, glosses in the captioned video improved the participants’ shortand long-term incidental business vocabulary retention. The participants also provided positive feedback regarding the efficacy of the caption-gloss mode for incidental business word acquisition. Pedagogical implications regarding use of captioned video with glosses for incidental professional vocabulary acquisition are discussed.
A comparative analysis of face to face instruction vs. telegram mobile instruction in terms of narrative writing
Authors: Heidari Jamshid , Khodabandeh Farzaneh , Soleimani Hassan
Published: November 2024

The emergence of computer technology in English language teaching has paved the way for teachers’ application of Mobile Assisted Language Learning (mall) and its advantages in teaching. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the face to face instruction with Telegram mobile instruction. Based on a toefl test, 60 English foreign language learners with intermediate level of language proficiency were selected and randomly assigned to the class attendees group, which received the intended treatment program in a classroom environment, and the Telegram group which received the treatment in a virtual environment. Two pre-tests and posttests were administered before and after the treatment. Related non-parametric statistics were applied, and the results were encouraging for the Telegram group. Moreover, the findings of the study might support the claim that innovative instructional approaches and Telegram mobile-learning/teaching specifically could provide new opportunities for the teaching-learning process and that teaching/ learning through new mobile-based methods, Telegram m-learning/teaching in particular, helped Iranian students to perform better on narrative writing tasks. The result of this study would be valuable for methodologists, teachers, and learners.
I love Indonesia: EFL learners’ perceptions on web-facilitated language learning
Authors: Bashori Muzakki
Published: November 2024

Integration of computers into Foreign Language (fl) learning has become the allbut-inevitable direction for the future, given the (a) considerable benefits this affords for students of English as a Foreign Language (efl), (b) characteristics of today’s learners as Generation Z (González-Lloret & Ortega, 2014), and (c) widespread use of the internet in the twenty-first century. This situation has spurred a transformation of ComputerAssisted Language Learning (call) into Web-Facilitated Language Learning (wfll) as an alternative paradigm for efl teachers and learners. Furthermore, Task-Based Language Teaching (tblt) is likely to serve as a pedagogical framework in designing the web for the purpose of fl learning. The primary objectives of the present study were therefore to (a) develop a teacher-designed learning website, namely I Love Indonesia, and (b) gather information from high school learners of English in Indonesia with different attitudes towards call (positive/moderate/negative) in correlation with how they perceive wfll (agree/disagree) and perform web-based activities. Descriptive Statistics, if Function in Excel, Correlation Analysis, and Independent-samples T-test were employed in the study. Finally, the study findings demonstrate that (a) the majority of learners participating in the study have positive attitudes towards call, (b) all focused participants have positive perceptions of wfll and (c) learners with positive attitudes are likely to have more positive perceptions (to agree) than moderate and negative attitude learners (ones who disagree) on the use of the website for language learning. In addition, the website seems to benefit efl learners in some specific areas. Consideration should be given to working with 158 The jalt call Journal 2018: Regular Papers a greater number of learners over a longer period of time when conducting further studies on the effectiveness of the website for efl learners in order to be able to shed some light on the development of their language skills.
ESL students’ perceptions of using a social bookmarking tool for the development of reading in a second language
Authors: Vorobel Oksana , Voorhees T. , Gokcora Deniz
Published: November 2024

Building on research on the development of reading and use of technology for language learning, this multiple-case study explored English as a second language (esl) students’ perceptions of using a social bookmarking Web 2.0 tool for the development of reading from an ecological perspective. Five students in a community college esl course in the northeastern part of the usa participated in the study. The data sources included interviews, observations, e-journals, and artifacts. Thorough within-case and cross-case analysis of data revealed a number of Diigo affordances which esl students found beneficial for their development of reading, the role of context and mode, participants’ collaborative stance, and various aspects of influence Diigo had on esl students’ development of reading. The findings and discussion of the study highlight the role of social bookmarking tools in raising ESL students’ motivation and engagement in reading. The study offers suggestions for further research and implications for practice.
Exploring Japanese students’ e-learning habits
Authors: Wang Shudong , Iwata Jun , Jarrell Douglas
Published: November 2024

Since 2010, both universities in which the authors teach have integrated pc-based e-learning or mobile learning programs into several English courses. Students’ online performances are evaluated and used in determining the grades for each course. The data accumulated over the years indicates both changing and unchanged e-learning habits among Japanese university students. By analyzing the accumulated data, coupled with information obtained from questionnaires, we conclude that while some e-learning habits remain unchanged, several new learning habits have emerged. The unchanged e-learning habits include: predominant use of the iPhone, which remains the most popular mobile learning tool; a deadline rush for completing e-learning tasks; a preference for engaging in e-learning in the evening and at night; e-learning diligence, i.e., frequency of participation and duration of participation, show no change. In recent years some new trends have appeared in students’ e-learning: more students entering university have previous experience with e-learning, and they are less concerned about the cost of mobile phone Internet connection.
Physical and Microbiological Characteristics of Dadih Powder with Different Types and Concentrations of Encapsulated Ingredients
Authors: Entrijayanti Febria Putri , Dewi Kurnia Harlina , Anggraini Tuty
Published: November 2024

Dadih is one of the buffalo milk preparations that is rich in nutritional content and has the potential to be developed in West Sumatra. This research discusses the drying of dadih to extend the shelf life and maintain the nutritional content contained in the dadih.  Dadih is dried to produce a product in the form of dadih powder.   This study used food dehydrator drying with different types and concentrations of encapslanes to determine the right type and concentration of encapslanes to maintain the nutritional content and physical appearance of dadih powder. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely encapsulant type (CMC and Maltodextrin) and encapsulant concentration (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%). The results showed that dadih powder with different encapsulant types and concentrations had a significant effect on LAB viability, taste, and color. The dadih powder product with the addition of 20% maltodextrin gave the results of Total Lactic Acid Bacteria of 1.19 x 104 cfu/ml, the highest LAB viability of 77.01%,. And has organoleptic test results that are preferred by panelists on the color and taste of dadih powder.
Cost-effectiveness of urinary incontinence treatment in a short-stay hospital.
Authors:   State Autonomous Healthcare Institution of the City of Moscow «Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine named after S.I. Spasokukotsky Department of Health of the City of Moscow» Branch No. 3, Sazonova N.A. ,   Moscow, Russia, Gvozdev M.Yu. ,   the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian University of Medicine» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, urologist in City Hospital named after S.P. Botkin of the Moscow City Health Department; Moscow, Russia, Sadchenko A.V. ,   City Hospital named after S.P. Botkin of the Moscow City Health Department, methodologist in Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department; Moscow, Russia, Pushkar D.Yu. ,   the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian University of Medicine» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, urologist in City Hospital named after S.P. Botkin of the Moscow City Health Department; Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2024

Introduction. The high prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in women increases the demand for surgical treatment. Modern minimally invasive techniques and improvements in anesthetic care significantly reduce the complications risk and improve the rehabilitation process. Short-stay hospital (SSH) facilitates faster patients return to normal life and reduces the burden on the healthcare system. Materials and methods. Economic department of the S.I. Spasokukotsky City Clinical Hospital (now State Autonomous Healthcare Institution of the City of Moscow «Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine named after S.I. Spasokukotsky Department of Health of the City of Moscow» Branch No. 3) calculated the cost of stress urinary incontinence treating (midurethral sling, medical cod 200511) in SSH and 24-hour hospital. Results. The cost of performing midurethral sling in the SSH conditions was 78144,27 rubles, a similar intervention in a 24-hour hospital – 88211,27 rubles. Cost-effectiveness was 11,41%. According to the calculations, treatment in SSH conditions is economically justified what means an adequate level of resource management. Conclusion. Treatment in SSH is more cost-effective particularly for patients with stress urinary incontinence. Patients should be encouraged to undergo treatment in SSH.
Microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy in primary varicocele treatment. RNRMU urology clinic experience.
Authors:   the Department of Urology and Andrology, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Head of the University Urology Clinic of N.I. Pirogov RNRMU, Kotov S.V. ,   Moscow, Russia, Korochkin N.D. ,   the Department of Urology and Andrology of Medical Faculty of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, urologist of urology department of First City hospital named after N.I. Pirogov; Moscow, Russia, Pulbere S.A. ,   the Department of Urology and Andrology, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Head of urology department of First City hospital named after N.I. Pirogov; Moscow, Russia, Bolotov A.D. ,   the Department of Urology and Andrology of Medical Faculty of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, urologist of urology department of First City hospital named after N.I. Pirogov; Moscow, Russia, Demidova D.D. ,   Medical Faculty of N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Varicocele is a common condition in men that affects fertility. There are many options for varicocele surgical treatment. Marmar operation shows the best results. Purpose of the study. To study the efficiency of microsurgical varicocelectomy among initially operated patients. Materials and methods. We performed microsurgical treatment in 198 patients with varicocele for 5 years in Pirogov First City Hospital. The mean age of patients was 28 years. 121 patients (61.1%) underwent surgery because of pain syndrome. Infertility was identified in 84 patients (42.4%). Pathospermia was determined in 147 patients (74.2%). Testicular hypotrophy was noted in 68 patients (34,3%). Results. Scrotal pain was relieved in 108 patients (90%). Within 6-36 months after the operation 25 couples (29.8%) had a natural conception. Improvements in sperm parameters were achieved in 104 patients (70.8%). Testicular volume increased at 2.0±0.5 ml in average. Postoperative hydrocele was observed in 5 patients (2.5%). Once wound suppuration was observed. No cases of testicular atrophy were identified. The recurrence rate was 3.5% (n=7). Conclusion. Microsurgical varicocelectomy is the optimal varicocele treatment in terms of efficacy, recurrence rate and complications. Using of microsurgical techniques and instruments makes it possible to identify precisely all venous trunks, including small collaterals, and minimize the risk of intraoperative injury of the testicular artery and lymphatic vessels. Marmar operation is the method of choice in initial treatment of patients with primary diagnosed varicocele.
Some aspects of the pathogenesis of urolithiasis.
Authors:   the Department of Urology of the Faculty of Additional professional education, FSBEI «Privolzhsky Research Medical University» MOH of the Russian Federation, Urologist, Urology Division, Nizhny Novgorod Clinical Hospital «Russian Railways-Medicine», Semenychev D.V. ,   Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Semenycheva L.L. ,   Research Laboratory, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod; Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Mitin A.V. ,   Research Laboratory, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod; Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Knutov A.V. ,   the Department of Urology of the Faculty of Additional professional education, FSBEI «Privolzhsky Research Medical University» MOH of the Russian Federation, Urologist, Urology Division, Nizhny Novgorod Clinical Hospital «Russian Railways-Medicine»; Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Kochkin A.D. ,   the Department of Urology of the Faculty of Additional professional education, FSBEI «Privolzhsky Research Medical University» MOH of the Russian Federation, Urologist, Urology Division, Nizhny Novgorod Clinical Hospital «Russian Railways-Medicine»; Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Sevryukov F.A. ,   the E.V. Shakhov Department of Urology, FSBEI «Privolzhsky Research Medical University» MOH of the Russian Federation; Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Urolithiasis is a disease whose etiology and pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated. However, studies of recent decades indicate the presence of an organic matrix in the composition of all urinary stone. Materials and methods. A white substance of the consistency of «soft plasticine» was extracted from the pelvis of the right kidney. The sample was examined for elementary composition, molecular weight characteristics and structure. Results. The structure of the sample had a fibrillar structure and was a mixture of various proteins and glycoproteins. The sample extracted from the kidney consists of 70% of inflammatory and transport proteins (myelopyroxidase, immunoglobulin, calprotectin), and 30% is a hard-to-dissolve polymer (polymerized Tamma-Horsfal protein). Conclusions. The formation of large and coral kidney stone can begin with the formation of a «matrix model» consisting of various proteins, mainly involved in inflammation, followed by mineralization and compaction of the stone.
Immunomodulators in the treatment of chronic recurrent cystitis in women.
Authors:   the Department of Urology named after E.V. Shakhov FGBOU VO «PIMU», Nashivochnikova N.A. ,   Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Krupin V.N. ,   the Department of Urology named after E.V. Shakhov of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution «PIMU» of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Chronic recurrent cystitis (CRC) is one of the most common urological diseases in women. Given the proven role of immune disorders in the development of chronic urinary tract infections (UTIs), insufficient effectiveness of antibacterial therapy, the risk of selection of resistant strains of microorganisms, the advisability of using immunomodulators is justified. The purpose of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of the immunomodulatory drug Galavit® in the complex therapy of patients with CRC. Materials and methods. The study involved 68 women. The main group consisted of 36 patients who, in addition to antimicrobial therapy, were prescribed a course of Galavit® in the form of intramuscular injections for recurrent cystitis. The control group consisted of 32 patients who, in case of recurrent cystitis, received only standard therapy. The results were assessed 3 and 6 months after the start of therapy based on the clinical manifestations of the disease by filling in the questionnaires of acute cystitis symptoms (ACSS), visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and laboratory data (general urine analysis, urine culture data). Results. The inclusion of Galavit® in the complex therapy of CRC allows not only to quickly and effectively relieve the symptoms of exacerbation of the disease, but also to achieve a long and stable relapse-free period. Only 2 (5.5%) patients had a relapse of cystitis during 6 months of observation after complex therapy using Galavit®, while in the control group, clinical manifestations of relapse were registered in 13 (40.6%) patients. In addition, against the background of the use of Galavit®, the vast majority of women did not have clinically significant bacteriuria up to 6 months of observation (only 2 patients had asymptomatic bacteriuria after 6 months). Conclusion. The use of the immunomodulatory drug Galavit® can be effective not only for the purpose of increasing the effectiveness of the course of antimicrobial therapy during the period of exacerbation of CRC, but also for the prevention of relapses after clinical improvement has been achieved.
Relationship of serum concentration of sex hormone binding globulin with age and testosterone level in men.
Authors:   the department of urology with nephrology Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Yaroslavl State Medical University», urologist LLC «Mother and Child Yaroslavl», Ryzhkov A.I. ,   Yaroslavl, Russia, Sokolova S.Yu. ,   LLC «Mother and Child Yaroslavl»; Yaroslavl, Russia, Vasilyeva A.E. ,   the Department of Urology and Nephrology, Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Education «Yaroslavl State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Yaroslavl, Russia, Shormanov I.S. ,   the Department of Urology with Nephrology of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Education «Yaroslavl State Medical University»; Yaroslavl, Russia
Published: November 2024

Introduction. An age-associated increase in serum levels of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) is considered to be one of the factors leading to the development of male hypogonadism. Aim of the study: to study the relationship between the concentration of sex hormone-binding globulin in the blood serum and the age of the man, the level of total and free testosterone. Materials and methods. A single-center retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. The results of laboratory tests of 162 male patients aged from 18 to 56 years (median – 34 years) were analyzed. The level of total testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) was determined by chemiluminescent immunoassay. The level of free testosterone was determined by the calculation method according to Vermeullen. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics v23. Results. Correlation analysis did not reveal a significant relationship between age and SHBG levels, as well as between age and total testosterone levels. Serum SHBG concentration showed a significant (p < 0.001) strong positive (r=0.61) correlation with the total level and a significant (p=0.042) but very weak positive (r=0.162) correlation with the level of free testosterone Comparison of free testosterone levels in groups of patients with SHBG levels below 16 nmol/l, from 16 to 69 nmol/l and above 69 nmol/l did not reveal significant differences (p=0.163). All patients with free testosterone levels less than 225 pmol/l have total testosterone levels below 12 nmol/l. Among men with total testosterone less than 12 nmol/L, only 27% had free testosterone levels below 225 pmol/l. Conclusion. Serum SHBG levels in men 18-56 years old are not significantly associated with age. An increase in serum SHBG concentration in men is accompanied by an increase in the level of total testosterone, but does not have a significant effect on the concentration of free testosterone. Determining the level of SHBG and calculating free testosterone is advisable to carry out in patients with total testosterone levels less than 12 nmol/l, since with total testosterone values more than 12 nmol/l, the concentration of free testosterone always corresponds to normal values, and with total testosterone values less than 12 nmol/l only 27% of patients have a reduced concentration of free testosterone.
Post-voiding residual urine volume: diagnostic issues.
Authors:   the Institute of Surgery Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Golovina O.B. ,   Vladivostok, Russia, Gerasimenko Ya. A. ,   the «Alenka», Children's Health Center; Vladivostok, Russia, Danilevich N.V. ,   the «Alenka», Children's Health Center; Vladivostok, Russia, Piskun M.M. ,   the Faculty of Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Vladivostok, Russia
Published: November 2024

Introduction. To date, the problem of the presence of post voiding residual (PVR) in children remains urgent. PVR is the amount of urine remaining in the bladder after its voluntary emptying. The following conditions are associated with this, requiring the participation of a specialist: urinary tract infection, urolithiasis, bladder dysfunction. Materials and methods. A group of 125 children who were treated at medical centre «Alenka» for bladder dysfunction was under observation. In 42 of them, PVR was detected during uroflowmetric monitoring (UM) for 2 days on the SIGMA model uroflowmeter device, option F. Results. Processing and analysis of the data obtained allowed us to conclude that the reliability of the ultrasound diagnostic method is low (x2 =0.013; p>0.05) when detecting PVR and high during voiding cystourethrography (x2= 3.889; p<0.05). During uroflowmetric monitoring, there was a tendency to decrease the frequency of PVR with age. The average effective volume was reduced in 34 children (20 boys and 14 girls), was within the age norm in 3 boys and increased in 5 children (3 boys and 2 girls). Thus, PVR occurred almost 7 times more often with a decrease in the volume of the bladder than with an increase in it, which changes the idea of the nature of residual urine. Conclusion. According to the conducted research, it becomes clear that the symptom of residual urine is a common sign in pediatric urological practice. The most accurate method for determining PVR is two-day uroflowmonitoring, followed by miction cystography in terms of accuracy. Ultrasound examination reveals residual urine unreliably.
Therapeutic induced neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer.
Authors:   Innovation Department of N. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Kovchenko G.A. ,   Moscow, Russia, Sivkov A.V. ,   N. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation; Moscow, Russia, Efremov G.D. ,   scientific laboratory department of N.A. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation; Moscow, Russia, Kaprin A.D. ,   the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of Ministry of health of Russian Federation, director of P.A. Herzen Institution, Head of Department of Oncology and Radiology named after V.P. Kharchenko of RUDN University; Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2024

Introduction. The use of selective highly effective antiandrogen drugs in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) gradually leads to cellular transformation. Objective. To study current concepts of the prevalence of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in patients with CRPC, as well as the treatment of this aggressive variant of PCa. Materials and methods. The results of a search in the scientific databases PubMed, in the scientific electronic library eLibrary.ru were analyzed for the following queries - keywords: treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer, treatment-emergent neuroendocrine prostate cancer, androgen receptor resistance PCa therapy, neuroendocrine prostate cancer treatment. More than 100 scientific papers published in the last 10 years were found, of which 38 were selected for this review based on the objective of the review. Results. In a number of publications, the linear plasticity of prostate adenocarcinoma (PG) in NE tumor was designated as therapy-induced prostate carcinoma (t-NEPCs). The number of observations of NED PCa is growing, including due to the widespread use of powerful aromatase inhibitors. According to a number of studies, NED PCa is observed in 10-20% of patients with metastatic CRPCa, detected after androgen deprivation therapy and therapy with newgeneration antiandrogens, and the condition is characterized by a highly aggressive course and is accompanied by low survival rates. Conclusion. The high prevalence of NED in patients with CRPC, as well as the lack of effective treatment methods, indicate the need to concentrate efforts on studying this clinically relevant, but insufficiently studied condition. The search for new treatment options for NED PCa based on a patho- genetic complex approach is promising and in demand.
Urinary incontinence and infravesical obstruction: Scylla and Charybdis of female urology. The role of biofeedback methods.
Authors:   department of urodynamics and neurourology of N. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Kukushkina L.Yu. ,   Moscow, Russia, Romikh V.V. ,   group of urodynamics and neurourology of N. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation; Moscow, Russia, Sivkov A.V. ,   N. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation; Moscow, Russia, Kaprin A.D. ,   the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of Ministry of health of Russian Federation, director of P.A. Herzen Institution, Head of Department of Oncology and Radiology named after V.P. Kharchenko of RUDN University; Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2024

The high prevalence of urination disorders in women, both young and old, determines the relevance of this medical and social problem. The most common types are urinary incontinence of varying severity and functional bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). These disorders decrease the quality of life, lead to psycho-emotional discomfort, which determines the need to provide such patients with early medical and diagnostic care. The lecture is devoted to the state of the problem of urination disorders, as well as an overview of the main and promising methods of treatment. Since dysfunction of the pelvic floor muscles plays a significant role in the basis of urination dys- function in women, methods of treating these disorders are associated with the restoration of muscle tone by training or medication, or mechanical support of the pelvic organs by surgical means. This lecture presents the scientific rationale for the clinical effects of training techniques for the treatment of urination disorders. An integrated approach, including the use of training methods, allows achieving optimal treatment results for both incontinence and bladder outlet obstruction in women.