bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Politicizing the Pandemic: COVID-19 and its Impact on the Nigerian Economy
Authors: Olanrewaju John Shola , Nwozor Agaptus , Abdulrahaman Ajibola Abdulwasiu
Published: November 2022

This study aims to examine the connection between international politics that characterized the outbreak of COVID-19, mainly between the United States of America and China and the devastating impact of the second wave outbreak on the Nigerian economy. At the initial stage of the pandemic on the Chinese mainland, the economy of China experienced a significant decline. The efficacy of China’s response to COVID-19 led to a fractional economic recovery during the pandemic. However, the internationalization of COVID-19 was greeted with a second wave in most advanced countries, such as the United States of America, Italy, and the United Kingdom, among others. The low level of preparedness and poor responses were comparably low in second-wave countries compared to China. It also examines the failure of the United States of America and China to develop a global health framework against COVID-19, as well as the Blame Game Politics that eventually played out. The politics of shifting blame between the United States of America and China, coupled with poor responses against COVID-19 in most Western countries, culminated in a devastating outbreak in low-income countries. Nigeria’s COVID-19 experience severely affected the critical sectors of the economy. However, this awkward situation has heightened Nigeria’s status as a major economic victim of the pandemic in Africa. The study utilized primary and secondary sources of data. The primary data were generated through the utility of Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), and the secondary data were generated from textbooks, journal articles, and web-based materials. The data generated were analyzed using the logic induction method and thematic analysis. The study recommends rejigging the Nigerian economic framework and improving revenues through an Agro-based economy.
Novel Thermal-Aware Green Scheduling in Grid Environment
Authors: Haruna Ahmed Abba , Muhammad Lawan Jibril , Abubakar Mansir
Published: November 2022

The rising energy consumption of large-scale distributed computing systems raises operational expenses and has a negative impact on the environment (e.g. carbon dioxide emissions). The most expensive operating cost aspect in data centers is the electricity consumption for cooling purposes (DC). Inefficient cooling causes excessive temperatures, which leads to hardware breakdown. To solve this issue, novel thermal-aware green scheduling algorithms were developed to dramatically reduce cooling energy consumption costs while avoiding high thermal stress conditions such as big hotspots and thermal violations while preserving typical competitive performance. As a result of this research, the novel thermal-aware green scheduling algorithms can save cooling electricity usage during job execution when compared to nongreen scheduling methods. Thus, the green scheduling algorithms clearly outperform nongreen scheduling algorithms in terms of cooling power usage effectiveness.
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dengan Siklus Menstruasi pada Remaja Putri di Desa Balangtaroang Kabupaten Bulukumba
Authors: Suprapti Eka , Adriana Vivi , R.K Maria Kurnyata , Yusfira Yuliana
Published: November 2022

Background: Menstrual cycle disorders that are not treated promptly and properly will result in various health problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of physical activity and body mass index with the menstrual cycle of young girls in Balangtaroang village, Bulukumba Regency Methods: The sampling method used in this study is non-probability sampling with a total sampling technique of 25 respondents. The test used in this research is the Somers'd statistical test. Results: Where the results of the research for the variable physical activity on the menstrual cycle based on the Somers'd test results obtained p value = 0.044 <? = 0.05 and an average value of 2.120, this means that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, and for the body mass index variable on the menstrual cycle based on the Somers'd test results, p value = 0.133> ? = 0.05 and an average value of 1,400 Conclusion: Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that there is a correlation between physical activity and the degree of the menstrual cycle and there is no correlation between body mass index and the menstrual cycle.
ANALISIS ASAP DAN EMISI GAS BUANG BUS BAGI KESEHATAN PETUGAS TICKETING HALTE
Authors: Primasanti Yunita , Aryani Atik
Published: November 2022

Motor vehicles emit a wide variety of gases and particles including a variety of high molecular weight organic and inorganic compounds that can be inhaled directly through the nose. Several components of air pollutants as primary pollutants include most of the other air pollutants that can affect air quality and can be grouped into CO, NO2, SO2, HC, and others. Initial observations made at the ticketing bus stop officers found that the officers did not wear perfect personal protective equipment when doing their work. The terminal is a transit point for public transportation modes such as buses. Stop ticketing officers are workers who work in an environment that is prone to smoke pollution and motor vehicle gas emissions. The purpose of this study is to create a work environment, especially ticketing station attendants that are safe, comfortable and able to improve the health and productivity of ticketing bus stop officers and analyze CO and SO2 exposure to ticketing bus stop workers' diseases. The study took data from 20 respondents, all of whom were ticketing bus stop officers at the Sumberlawang terminal, Sragen. The method used in this study is multiple linear regression which functions to measure the relationship between variables and test the research hypothesis. Then the results showed that the effect of SO2 exposure on pain had no significant effect on the disease of ticketing bus stop officers, because the condition of the bus had no significant effect. Buses that stop briefly at the bus stop are the average new bus. has zero emissions and emits less SO2.
What's interrupting your search?
Authors:   University of Sheffield, Lu Mengjia , Harvey Morgan ,   University of Sheffield, Hoeber Orland ,   Department of Computer Science at the University of Regina
Published: November 2022

Web search is a common activity in a mobile context. However, the nature of performing tasks in a mobile environment means there is the risk interruption. While the effects of interruptions on mobile search have been studied in recent years, the nature of such interruptions occurring in real-world mobile settings have not. Using a diary study approach, we collected data from 20 participants on the everyday interruptions they faced conducting mobile web searches over a 10-day period. We used inductive open coding to categorise the nature of the interruptions assigning each interruption to a category/sub-category combination. We then used a deductive coding approach to classify each interruption as being either internally or externally-induced; and mobile or non mobile-specific. We found a broad range of interruptions, which we have organised into an extensive taxonomy. Further, a substantial proportion of the interruptions are externally-induced and more than half are unique to mobile contexts. The empirical evidence of the nature of mobile search interruptions in our findings provide insight into the complex environment of mobile search, information upon which to base future mobile search studies (e.g., surveys, controlled laboratory studies), and motivation for the study of search interface designs that can help mitigate the effects of such interruptions.
For the win! Information needs in discourse of board gamers’ online communities
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Poland, Mierzecka Anna , Łączyński Marcin ,   University of Warsaw, Poland
Published: November 2022

As an essential part of the human experience with numerous social benefits, serious leisure is the phenomenon that has received attention in information behaviour research. Our study aims to contribute to this field by exploring board gamers’ communities’ information practices on social media sites. In our research, we adopted collectivist approaches, and the empirical part of the study was conducted as a quantitative content analysis. We examined the three most active board game Facebook groups, one for each language: English, French and Polish. The final dataset included N=764 posts. Each post from the sample was described with 47 variables, 23 of which were based upon the codebook of question topics. The information needs expressed in the form of the online questions were in overwhelming part related to the purchase intentions, less frequently concerned tactic knowledge. The distribution of replies between topics and groups in a different language showed visible differences between each group. Although this type of hobby includes both collectors’ and practitioners’ practices, the information presented in online discourse is dominated by those specific to collectors. Both information-seeking and sharing activities proved that board gamers’ online communities form a very information-rich social world.
'I learn each day.' The informational lifeworld of dog and cat guardians in New Zealand
Authors:   Information Systems at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, Solhjoo Niloofar , Krtalić Maja ,   Information Studies at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zeeland, Goulding Anne ,   Library and Information Management at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
Published: November 2022

Recognising the importance of information in understanding and living with companion animals, this paper investigates cat and dog guardians’ opinions on how they learn new things and update themselves. It identifies a range of information, practices, and contexts within their everyday life. An anonymous online survey consisting of close-ended and open-ended questions was distributed to cat and dog guardians in New Zealand between October and December 2021. Response frequencies and descriptive statistics of quantitative data were generated. The qualitative data were open-coded with an information experience lens to identify the categories of information forms and practices. uantitative data indicate personal experiences and memories of guardians (75%), and casual conversations with other guardians (73%) as the most common resources for learning, after experts (e.g. veterinarians) (93%). Qualitative data analysis categorized these as two main themes of external and internal forms of information. External information consisted of social information in verbal and nonverbal communication with other humans and animals, recorded information in digital and physical mediums, and embedded information held in artifacts and animals’ body. Internal information related to guardians’ memory and personal knowledge (cognitive information), values and emotions (affective information), and bodily feelings and subjective interpretation of their senses (embodied information). The informational lifeworld of the participants was made of their external interactions and internal values, which appears as interwoven concepts in their daily lives with dogs and cats.
Information needs and behaviour of incarcerated persons in Croatia: findings from a national quantitative study
Authors:   Department of Information Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Osijek, Croatia, Faletar Sanjica , Petr Balog Kornelija ,   Department of Information Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Osijek, Croatia, Bajić Meri ,   Tehnička škola Požega, Badurina Boris ,   Department of Information Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Osijek, Croatia
Published: November 2022

This paper examines the information behaviour and information needs of incarcerated persons in Croatian correctional facilities. A total of 620 printed questionnaires were mailed to six Croatian penitentiaries and administered to prisoners who were serving a long-term period sentence. Sample included both male and female prisoners with the response rate of 81%. The data was analysed with the help of statistical software SPSS. Almost all incarcerated persons that participated in this study have a greater need for information while in prison than they had before incarceration. The largest majority of respondents require information about the life in penitentiary, information about their family members and friends, and information about life-after-prison. In most cases, respondents seek required information from their family members and friends. Very rarely are their varied educational, informational, legal and recreational needs met by a prison library. The findings indicate that about a third of respondents revealed that their current information needs were not met and that Croatian prison libraries are unequipped to meet information needs of incarcerated persons. In order to change present situation, better cooperation between Croatian Library Association and Croatian prison administration is needed.
Acceptance of new health and communication technology by older adults
Authors:   Department of Information Science, School of Social Science, the University of Iceland, Pálsdóttir Ágústa
Published: November 2022

The study focuses on the health information behaviour of people at the age of 60 years and older, with an emphasis on the adoption of information and communication technology, and differences by their socio-demographic background. A survey was used to collect the data from a random sample of 300 people aged 60 years and older. The response rate was 42%. Participants were divided up in two groups, people aged 60 to 67 years old, and people aged 68 years or older. Differences across sex and education were examined for each age group and Tuckey test used to examine if differences were significant. Although the majority in both age groups were interested in health information, including information in digital form, they had not yet adopted new health information and communication technology. People in the younger group considered it difficult to take new technology in use and both age groups found it difficult to get help using technology. It is not sufficient to make new information and communication technology available. For older adults to be ready to accept new technology and take it into use, they must be offered training at using it and technical support as needed.
Informational balance
Authors:   Faculty of Information and Media Studies at the University of Western Ontario, Canada, Samson Hugh
Published: November 2022

Evoking both activity and stillness, balance has been a concept of interest within academic research for centuries. In recent decades, the concept of balance has also garnered attention within information science. This conceptual paper is based upon a synthesis of selected articles and themes concerning the subject of balance as well as an analysis of recent writings from the field of information science. It draws in particular from work regarding the construct of informational balance. Information scientists have analysed the shifting balance of scientific information flows between nations as well as the balance of intellectual trade between information science and its cognate disciplines. Studies have also examined strategies to identify and implement balanced, scalable and sustainable online instruction within information institutions, and investigated issues of work-life balance among information professionals and scientists. The construct of informational balance has emerged as a particularly noteworthy application of the concept of balance, and subsequent to its origin it has been taken up by a number of additional information scientists. In shining a light on informational balance this paper aspires to lay the groundwork for fresh elaboration of the construct and for future innovative research in this area.
‘Confused, scared, hopeless, unsure.’ Teens looking for information about COVID-19
Authors:   School of Information, Pratt Institute, in New York City, USA, Bowler Leanne
Published: November 2022

Presents findings from an online questionnaire investigating teens’ information-seeking about COVID-19.Methods. Online questionnaire completed by 26 teens, ages 15 to 19 years, living in Brooklyn, New York, in June 2020. Responses include quantitative data (ranking and checklists) and qualitative data (free writing). The questionnaire explored information themes in relation to COVID-19, such as information sources and platforms, credibility and disinformation, teens’ roles in information intermediation, affective aspects of their information behaviour, as well as what would have helped teens find COVID-19 information. Teens experienced anxiety as they looked for reliable information about COVID-19. They served as their family’s language brokers and technology experts, taking on the responsibilities of information intermediator. Teens used social media platforms and legacy media as information sources. Nevertheless, teens indicated a wish for institutional support and guidance from governments (municipal, state, federal) and schools. Libraries were not an information source. The results of this study have implications for research into teen mental health in relation to the COVID-19 global pandemic, as well as reframing the meaning of ‘everyday life information seeking’ during a time of crisis, when everyday life is not normal.
Factors affecting undergraduate students’ information sharing behaviour when dealing with COVID-19 misinformation: the theory of reasoned action
Authors:   Sultan Qaboos University, Oman, Shehata Ahmed , Alnadabi Khadija ,   Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
Published: November 2022

Sharing misinformation has become a widespread phenomenon. Social media networks have significantly contributed to spreading and sharing misinformation, especially during crises and pandemics. However, little is known about why people share misinformation. The study aims to identify the factors affecting undergraduate students’ information sharing behaviour when dealing with unverified information. The study also seeks to discover any statistically significant differences (α=0.05) in students’ behaviour of sharing information related to COVID-19 without verification attributed to demographic variables, self-efficiency, attitude towards verifying information, individual’s beliefs, and subjective norms. The study adopted the theory of reasoned action. A quantitative research approach was adopted via the use of questionnaires. An e-mail was sent to all undergraduate students enrolled at Sultan Qaboos University during 2020-2021, yielding 407 valid answers from various colleges. The reliability of the survey is 0.916 as a whole, 0.741 for the individual’s self-efficacy scale, 0.312 for the attitude towards verifying information scale, 0.809 for the individual’s beliefs scale, 0.916 for the subjective norms scale, and 0.846 for the behaviour of using and sharing information related to COVID-19 without verification scale. The effect of self-efficacy, Attitude Towards Verifying Information, beliefs, and Subjective norms on the behaviour of sharing information related to COVID-19 without verification were tested. Quantitative data retrieved from the questionnaire were analysed using SPSS 24. Several analysis tests such as frequencies, T-test, and multiple regression tests were conducted. The findings support that there’s a significant effect of demographic variables, self-efficacy, attitude towards verifying information, individual’s beliefs, and subjective norms on students’ behaviour of sharing information related to COVID-19 without verification. This research showed that many factors affect information sharing behaviour. The research concluded that the students’ information behaviour could be enhanced by focusing on information literacy skills.
Indicative findings from a study of information behaviour in digital business ideation: insights from the developing world
Authors:   Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Ibrahim Suraj , Marcella Rita ,   Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, MacLennan Alan ,   Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen
Published: November 2022

nt="Indicative findings from a study of information behaviour in digital business ideationr" /> <meta name="description" content="Though a wealth of information behaviour research has been undertaken in various contexts over the years, less has been done on entrepreneurship. In particular, there is a lack of literature around the ideation component in the early stages of business formation. This study seeks to address the theoretical and empirical gap within this research stream, bringing together information, innovation, and creativity theory, as lenses through which to explore the phenomenon. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with business founders. Participants operated in a variety of segments of the digital technology spectrum. Critical Realism and Grounded Theory were used as theoretical and practical data techniques, using abduction in the theoretical redescription of concepts (codes) identified in the empirical data, and retroduction to identify the necessary contextual conditions for a particular causal mechanism to take effect and result in the observed empirical trends. Indicative results show several societal and personal factors play a role in shaping the information behaviour of digital entrepreneurs. These factors include but are not limited to poverty, parenting, and unequal power between mentors and mentees. While this research project is ongoing, early findings emerge in previously unexplored aspects of information behaviour such as the importance of reading passion and early exposure to digital devices amongst digital entrepreneurs.
Student experience of digital learning tools: Information literacy training in higher education
Authors:   Aalborg University, Department of Communication and Psychology, Denmark, Skov Mette , Svarre Tanja ,   Aalborg University, Department of Communication and Psychology, Denmark, Lykke Marianne ,   Aalborg University, Department of Communication and Psychology, Denmark
Published: November 2022

The paper presents a qualitative study of how students in higher education experience the use of digital learning objects as part of information literacy training.Methods. The study is inspired by the phenomenographical method and take a second-order perspective asking how students experience information literacy training and digital learning tools. The study builds on seven focus-group interviews with a total of 29 students from law, engineering, and nursing. The first part of the analysis presents results on students’ experience of the digital learning tools across the cases with focus on student motivation. The second part of the analysis focuses on the roles of the different actors in information literacy building. The analysis illustrates how the use of digital learning tools and face-to-face information literacy training is deeply related to the roles of the different actors taking part in the information literacy practice. The academic librarian is almost invisible to the students in two of the three cases, but student interaction with the digital learning tools promote visibility. The findings confirm related research on the importance of integrating information literacy training into curriculum and nuances our understanding of how students experience information literacy training and digital learning tools.
Architectures, algorithms and agency: the information practices of YouTube content creators
Authors:   School of Library and Information Studies Diliman, Olsson Michael
Published: November 2022

This paper reports the findings of a study of the information practices of YouTube content creators. It uses the concept of practice architectures developed by Kemmis and his collaborators to explore the relationship between participants’ information practices and the practice architectures (cultural-discursive, material-economic, social-political) they occur in. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken via Zoom with 13 YouTube content creators. Two further participants who were unable to take part in interviews provided written responses to the interview guide questions. Analysis was undertaken using an inductive, thematic approach informed by the conceptual framework. Participants’ feedback on emerging themes was sought and incorporated into the findings. The study reports findings in relation to participants’ skills development (technical, writing, performance); research and the issue of paywalls restricting access to academic research; understanding their audience via YouTube analytics and viewer comments; the unintended negative consequences of performance analytics; and participants’ lack of agency in relation to the YouTube algorithms that control who views their videos and how they are rewarded. Participants’ information practices are always shaped by the cultural-discursive, material-economic and social-political operating in the practice architectures they work within.
The passion and pleasure of information sharing in pottery practice
Authors:   School of Information and Communication Studies at Charles Sturt University in Australia, Mansourian Yazdan
Published: November 2022

The paper reports selective findings from a broader study about information behaviour in the context of the pottery hobby as a form of serious leisure. Among all the information activities in this context, the paper focuses on the affective and emotional aspects of information sharing. The Serious Leisure Perspective (SLP) is the theoretical framework of the study. The required data were collected via a purposeful and criteria-based sampling method. A sample of user-generated content (UGC) on YouTube was collected to form the dataset. The collected data were analysed through inductive content analysis to identify patterns of embedded concepts and themes in the dataset. Seven categories were identified. These categories summarise the major emotional reactions that viewers expressed and shared in their comments: (1) amazement, (2) excitement, (3) gratitude, (4) joyfulness, (5) admiration, (6) serenity, (7) inspiration. The overall ambience of the videos and commenters’ reactions were positive and joyful. The paper concludes that information sharing on a popular hobby via a publicly available platform, like YouTube, can evoke a range of positive emotions and establish social bonds. These social ties are the building blocks to form communities of interest and communities of practice to produce and share information on the chosen activity.
Understanding interagency relationships in the sharing of government data: a meta-analysis
Authors:   School of Information Management, Wuhan University, China, Zhou Lihong , Hu Jiangfeng ,   School of Information Management, Wuhan University, China, Xu Jie ,   School of Information Management, Wuhan University, China
Published: November 2022

This paper reports on a research study that aimed to understand and qualify the influences of interagency relationships on interagency government data sharing (IDS). Using a meta-analysis approach, 76 interviews previously collected from three city governments in China were analysed under the theoretical lens of a unified social network theory of inter-organisational relations (IOR). The meta-analysis shows that interagency data sharing is influenced by the constitution and determinants of interagency relationships. A conceptualisation of the findings indicated that tensions between government agencies are the core cause of the lack of interagency data sharing. Therefore, effective management of interagency tensions should become a central strategy for enhancing interagency data sharing. This paper provides a novel perspective on the conceptualisation of interagency data sharing problems and a new approach to strengthen interagency data sharing in practice.
Editorial: Publishing conference proceedings for low-budget conferences: a case study of ISIC 2022
Authors:   Department of Information Management at the Berlin School of Library and Information Science at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Rothfritz Laura , Greifeneder Elke ,   Berlin School of Library and Information Science at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Published: November 2022

Editorial on the management of the ISIC conference in 2022.
In-vitro Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Curcuma Amada Roxb. against Human Pathogens
Authors: Kashyap Nand Kumar , Deepak Jeetendra , Bhardwaj Arvind Kumar , Hait Milan , Pal Dilipkumar
Published: November 2022

This investigation was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of the agar disc diffusion method and to determine the inhibition zone of Curcuma amada (CA) rhizome extracts (petroleum ether, dichloromethane, and chloroform) against 12 bacterial species and 4 fungal species. The inhibition zones of the extracts were compared to those of Ciprofloxacin and Griseofulvin for antibacterial and antifungal activities, respectively. The findings revealed that the organisms under examination showed significant inhibition of bacterial as well as fungal development during the experiment and that the typical form of C. amada rhizome can be used to treat bacterial and fungal illnesses. So, this plant could be used to find natural compounds that are bioactive and could be used to make new medicines.
HIGHLIGHTS

Extracts of amada rhizome were found to protect humans from pathogens
aureus bacteria had the highest inhibition zone (17 mm) in dichloromethane extract, whereas B. subtilis and B. pumilus bacteria had the lowest inhibition zone (7.5 mm) in C. amada rhizome petroleum ether extract
notatum in petrolieum ether extract and A. niger in chloroform extract had the highest inhibition zones (13.5 mm), whereas P. funiculosum in chloroform extract of C. amada rhizome had the lowest inhibition zone (10 mm)

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Elements of Plant Productivity and Biological Yield Capacity of Grain Sorghum Hybrids Depending on the Inter-row Width and Seed Sowing Rate
Authors: DAVYDENKO STANISLAV , ROZHKOV ARTHUR , KARPUK LESIA , POPOV SERHII , MYKHAILYN VOLODYMYR
Published: November 2022

Sorghum is one of the most important food, fodder, and energy crops in the world. The crop is resistant to stress factors, especially moisture deficiency. This biological feature allows it to form high and stable grain yields in conditions of moisture deficiency and hot temperature. Grain sorghum has a significant advantage in terms of several physiological, biological, yield characteristics compared to other crops, but the acreage under it in Ukraine stays limited. The main reason for this is, first, the lack of varietal technologies for its cultivation with improved elements. Therefore, the study of the complex influence of the rate of sowing seeds and the width of the row spacing on the formation of productivity elements is currently a relevant area of research. The main goal of the research was to study the influence of a complex of factors: row spacing, seed sowing rates on the productivity and biological yield of sorghum grain. The research was carried out in 2019-2021 at FE “Diunis”, Kreminskyi district, Luhansk region. The scheme of the experiment: width between rows - 35, 45 and 70 cm, hybrids - Swat and Flagg, sowing rates - 100,000 pieces/ha, 140,000, 180,000 and 220,000 pieces/ha. The Flagg hybrid formed a higher panicle productivity of the main and side stem systems. As to sorghum hybrid Flagg, the grain mass from panicle of the main and lateral stems was 45.1 and 39.0 g, respectively; that of hybrid Svat were 39.5 and 31.1 g. A higher panicle productivity of hybrid Flagg was formed due to a much larger mass of 1,000 grains (by 35–40 %); sorghum hybrid Svat had a larger number of grains in panicle of both stem systems. The biological grain productivity of both stem systems was higher for sorghum hybrid Flagg – 5.87 t/ha, as compared with that of early-ripening hybrid Svat, which was equal to 4.75 t/ha.
Aerial Drone Survey
Authors: Reshma K R  , Asif Shameer  , Dharsan K
Published: November 2022

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is growing rapidly across many civil application domains including real-time monitoring, providing wireless coverage, remote sensing, search and rescue, delivery of goods, security and surveillance, precision agriculture, and civil infrastructure inspection. Smart UAVs are the next big revolution in UAV technology promising to provide new opportunities in different applications, especially in civil infrastructure in terms of reduced risks and lower cost. Civil infrastructure is expected to dominate the more than $45 Billion market value of UAV usage. Unmanned aerial vehicles often are employed in civil engineering for a variety of purposes. Drones as instruments that improve communication between construction participants, improve site safety, use topographic measurements of huge regions, and produce buildings aerial surveying, bridges, roads, and highways utilising principles of aerial photogrammetry, saving project time and costs, and so on.
Measurement report: Underestimated reactive organic gases from residential combustion: insights from a near-complete speciation
Authors: Gao Yaqin , Wang Hongli , Yuan Lingling , Jing Shengao , Yuan Bin , Shen Guofeng , Zhu Liang , Koss Abigail , Li Yingjie , Wang Qian , Huang Dan Dan , Zhu Shuhui , Tao Shikang , Lou Shengrong , Huang Cheng
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Reactive organic gases (ROGs), as important precursors of secondary pollutants, are not well resolved as the chemical complexity challenged its quantification in many studies. Here, a near-complete speciation of ROGs with 125 species was developed and applied to evaluate their emission characteristics from residential solid fuel combustion. ROGs identified by the present method accounted for ~90 % of the “total” as the sum of species by Gas Chromatography equipped with a Mass Spectrometer and a Flame Ionization Detector (GC-MS/FID) and H3O+/NO+ Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (Vocus PTR-ToF-MS). The study further revealed that with 55 species, mainly oxygenated species, higher hydrocarbons with > 8 carbon atoms, and nitrogen-containing ones, previously un- and under-characterized, ROG emissions from residential coal and biomass combustion were underestimated by 44.3 % ± 11.8 % and 22.7 % ± 3.9 %, respectively, which further amplified the underestimation of secondary organic aerosols formation potential (SOAP) as high as 70.3 % ± 1.6 % and 89.2 % ± 1.0 %, respectively. The OH reactivity (OHR) of ROG emissions was also undervalued significantly. The study highlighted the importance of acquiring completely speciated measurement of ROGs from residential emissions, as well as other processes.
Investigating an indirect aviation effect on mid-latitude cirrus clouds – linking lidar derived optical properties to in-situ measurements
Authors: Groß Silke , Jurkat-Witschas Tina , Li Qiang , Wirth Martin , Urbanek Benedikt , Krämer Martina , Weigel Ralf , Voigt Christiane
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Aviation has a large impact on the Earth’s atmosphere and climate by various processes. Line shaped contrails and contrail cirrus clouds lead to changes in the natural cirrus cloud cover, and have a major contribution to the effective radiative forcing from aviation. In addition, aviation emitted aerosols may also change the microphysical properties and, in particular, the optical properties of naturally formed cirrus clouds. Latter aerosol-cloud interactions show large differences in the estimated resulting effective radiative forcing and our understanding on how aviation induced aerosols affect cirrus cloud properties is still poor. Up to now, observations of this aviation induced aerosol effect are rare. In this study, we use combined airborne lidar and in-situ ice cloud measurements to investigate differences in the microphysical and optical properties of naturally formed cirrus clouds, which either formed under influences of aviation induced aerosol emissions or which formed under rather pristine conditions. We relate collocated lidar measurements performed aboard HALO during the ML-CIRRUS mission of the particle linear depolarization ratio with in-situ cloud probe measurements of the number and effective diameter of the ice particles. We find that those clouds, which are more affected by aviation induced aerosol emission, are characterized by larger values of the particle linear depolarization ratio. These aviation-affected cirrus clouds exhibit larger mean effective ice particle diameters connected to decreased ice particle number concentrations, than the cirrus clouds, which evolved in more pristine regions. With this study, we provide new observations of aerosol-cloud interactions, that will help to quantify related changes in the atmospheric energy budget.
Seasonal variation of aerosol iron solubility in coarse and fine particles at an inland city in northwestern China
Authors: Zhang Huanhuan , Li Rui , Huang Chengpeng , Li Xiaofei , Dong Shuwei , Wang Fu , Li Tingting , Chen Yizhu , Zhang Guohua , Ren Yan , Chen Qingcai , Huang Ru-jin , Chen Siyu , Xue Tao , Wang Xinming , Tang Mingjin
Published: November 2022

Abstract. This work investigated seasonal variation of aerosol iron (Fe) solubility for coarse (>1 μm) and fine (<1 μm) particles at Xi’an, a megacity in northwestern China impacted by anthropogenic emission and desert dust. Total Fe concentrations were lowest in summer and similar in other seasons for coarse particles, while lowest in summer and highest in spring for fine particles; for comparison, dissolved Fe concentrations were higher in autumn and winter than spring and summer for coarse particles, while highest in winter and lowest in spring and summer for fine particles. Desert dust aerosol was always the major source of total Fe for both coarse and fine particles in all the four seasons, but it may not be the dominant source for dissolved Fe. Fe solubility was lowest in spring for both coarse and fine particles, and highest in winter for coarse particles and in autumn for fine particles. In general aerosol Fe solubility was found to be higher in air masses originating from local and nearby regions than those arriving from desert regions after long-distance transport. Compared to coarse particles, Fe solubility was similar for fine particles in spring but significantly higher in the other three seasons, and at a given aerosol pH range Fe solubility was always higher in fine particles. Aerosol Fe solubility was well correlated with relative abundance of aerosol acidic species, implying aerosol Fe solubility enhancement by acid processing; moreover, such correlations were better for coarse particles than fine particles in all the four seasons. Fe solubility was found to increase with relative humidity and acid acidity for both coarse and fine particles at Xi’an, underscoring the importance of aerosol liquid water and aerosol acidity in regulating Fe solubility via chemical processing.
Calibrating networks of low-cost air quality sensors
Authors: deSouza Priyanka , Kahn Ralph , Stockman Tehya , Obermann William , Crawford Ben , Wang An , Crooks James , Li Jing , Kinney Patrick
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution is a major health
risk. Networks of low-cost sensors (LCS) are increasingly being used to
understand local-scale air pollution variation. However, measurements from
LCS have uncertainties that can act as a potential barrier to effective
decision making. LCS data thus need adequate calibration to obtain good
quality PM2.5 estimates. In order to develop calibration factors, one
or more LCS are typically co-located with reference monitors for short or
long periods of time. A calibration model is then developed that
characterizes the relationships between the raw output of the LCS and
measurements from the reference monitors. This calibration model is then
typically transferred from the co-located sensors to other sensors in the network.
Calibration models tend to be evaluated based on their performance only at
co-location sites. It is often implicitly assumed that the conditions at the
relatively sparse co-location sites are representative of the LCS network
overall and that the calibration model developed is not overfitted to the
co-location sites. Little work has explicitly evaluated how transferable
calibration models developed at co-location sites are to the rest of an LCS
network, even after appropriate cross-validation. Further, few studies have
evaluated the sensitivity of key LCS use cases, such as hotspot detection, to
the calibration model applied. Finally, there has been a dearth of research
on how the duration of co-location (short-term or long-term) can impact these
results. This paper attempts to fill these gaps using data from a dense
network of LCS monitors in Denver deployed through the city's “Love My Air”
program. It offers a series of transferability metrics for calibration
models that can be used in other LCS networks and some suggestions as to
which calibration model would be most useful for achieving different end
goals.
Time-dependent Frictional Properties of Granular Materials Used In Analogue Modelling: Implications for mimicking fault healing during reactivation and inversion
Authors: Rudolf Michael , Rosenau Matthias , Oncken Onno
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Analogue models are commonly used to model long-term geological processes such as mountain building or basin inversion. The majority of these models use granular materials like sand or glass beads to simulate the brittle behaviour of the crust. In granular materials deformation is localized into shear bands that act as analogues to natural fault zones and detachments. Shear bands aka faults are persistent anomalies in the granular package and are frequently reactivated during an experimental run. This is due to their lower strength in comparison to the undeformed bulk material. When fault motion stops, time dependent healing immediately starts to increase the strength of the fault. Therefore, older faults show a higher strength in comparison to younger faults. This time dependent healing, also called time consolidation, can therefore affect the structural style of an analogue model due to evolution of fault strength over time. Time consolidation is a well known mechanism in granular mechanics but remains poorly characterized for analogue materials and on the timescales of typical analogue models. In this study, we estimate the healing rate of several analogue materials and evaluate the consequences on the reactivation potential of analogue faults. We find that the healing rates are generally below 3 % per tenfold increase in hold time which is comparable to natural fault zones. We qualitatively compare the frictional properties of the materials with grain characteristics and find a weak correlation of healing rates with sphericity and friction with an average quality score. In models where predefined faults exist or reactivation is forced by blocks, the stability region of fault angles that can be reactivated can accordingly decrease by up to 7° over the duration of 12 hours. The stress required to reactivate a preexisting fault can double in the same time which may favor the creation of new faults. In a basin inversion scenario, normal faults can not be inverted due to severe misorientation and therefore time consolidation plays only a minor additional role for such models.
Investigation of the extreme wet–cold compound events changes between 2025–2049 and 1980–2004 using regional simulations in Greece
Authors: Markantonis Iason , Vlachogiannis Diamando , Sfetsos Athanasios , Kioutsioukis Ioannis
Published: November 2022

Abstract. This paper aims to study wet–cold compound events (WCCEs) in Greece for the wet and cold season November–April since these events may affect directly human activities for short or longer periods, as no similar research has been conducted for the country studying the past and future development of these compound events. WCCEs are divided into two different daily compound events, maximum temperature– (TX) accumulated precipitation (RR) and minimum temperature– (TN) accumulated precipitation (RR), using fixed thresholds (RR over 20 mm d−1 and temperature under 0 ∘C). Observational data from the Hellenic National Meteorology Service (HNMS) and simulation data from reanalysis and EURO-CORDEX models were used in the study for the historical period 1980–2004. The ensemble mean of the simulation datasets from projection models was employed for the near future period (2025–2049) to study the impact of climate change on the occurrence of WCCEs under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. Following data processing and validation of the models, the potential changes in the distribution of WCCEs in the future were investigated based on the projected and historical simulations. WCCEs determined by fixed thresholds were mostly found over high altitudes with TN–RR events exhibiting a future tendency to reduce particularly under the RCP 8.5 scenario and TX–RR exhibiting similar reduction of probabilities for both scenarios.
HRLT: a high-resolution (1 d, 1 km) and long-term (1961–2019) gridded dataset for surface temperature and precipitation across China
Authors: Qin Rongzhu , Zhao Zeyu , Xu Jia , Ye Jian-Sheng , Li Feng-Min , Zhang Feng
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Accurate long-term temperature and precipitation estimates at high spatial and temporal resolutions are vital for a wide variety of climatological studies. We have produced a new, publicly available, daily, gridded maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and precipitation dataset for China with a high spatial resolution of 1 km that covers a long-term period (1961 to 2019). It has been named the HRLT, and the dataset is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.941329 (Qin and Zhang, 2022). In this study, the daily gridded data were interpolated using comprehensive statistical analyses, which included machine learning methods, the generalized additive model, and thin plate splines. It was based on the 0.5∘ × 0.5∘ gridded dataset from the China Meteorological Administration, together with covariates for elevation,
aspect, slope, topographic wetness index, latitude, and longitude. The
accuracy of the HRLT daily dataset was assessed using observation data from
meteorological stations across China. The maximum and minimum temperature
estimates were more accurate than the precipitation estimates. For maximum
temperature, the mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE),
Pearson's correlation coefficient (Cor), coefficient of determination after
adjustment (R2), and Nash–Sutcliffe modeling efficiency (NSE) were 1.07 ∘C, 1.62 ∘C, 0.99, 0.98, and 0.98, respectively. For minimum temperature, the MAE, RMSE, Cor, R2, and NSE were 1.08 ∘C, 1.53 ∘C, 0.99, 0.99, and 0.99, respectively. For precipitation, the MAE, RMSE, Cor, R2, and NSE were 1.30 mm, 4.78 mm, 0.84, 0.71, and 0.70, respectively. The accuracy of the HRLT was compared to those of three other existing datasets, and its accuracy was either greater than the others, especially for precipitation, or comparable in accuracy, but with higher spatial resolution or over a longer time period. In summary, the HRLT dataset, which has a high spatial resolution, covers a longer period of time and has reliable accuracy.