bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Evaluation between Dermatoglyphic Patterns and the Permanent Molar Relationships – An Attempt to Predict the Future Malocclusions
Authors: R. Vignesh , Vishnu Rekha C. , Annamalai Sankar , Norouzi Parisa , Sharmin Ditto
Published: July 2021

Background: Due to the similar duration of development, finding the dermatoglyphic patterns to predict malocclusions can help a pediatric dentist to attempt any necessary preventive and interceptive orthodontic therapies. Aim: To assess the correlation between different dermatoglyphic patterns with the permanent molar relationships. Materials and Methods: 300 children who are 14-16 years old with completely erupted 2nd permanent molars up to occlusal table were recruited and the pattern of molar terminal plane was recorded in the proforma. Finger prints of these subjects were recorded with ink and roller method. Forensic analyst analysed the prints and classified based on the classification given by Galton and also calculated the finger ridge count as given by Cummins and Midlo Statistical analysis used: Chi-Square test was applied to compare proportions between all the groups and also for gender comparison. Fisher’s exact test was used when any expected cell frequency of less than five were obtained. Paired t-Test and McNemar’s test were applied to compare values between right and left hand. Results: Class I children showed absence of arch pattern in thumb and little finger of left hand; and higher total finger ridge count in right hand when compared to left hand. Children with Class II molar relationship had a significant association with presence of arch pattern in thumb finger of left hand; and presence of whorl pattern in both left and right ring fingers. Class III had a significant association with presence of loop pattern in left thumb finger and little finger; absence of arch pattern in thumb of right hand. Conclusion: Dermatoglyphics can be a useful non-invasive analytical tool to predict malocclusions in permanent dentition and sometimes, to identify an individual. Further studies with larger sample size are required to provide an insight into its significant correlations.
Detection of Dried Saliva on Human Skin using an Ultra Violet Spectrometer: A Technical Report
Authors: Malik Shilpa Dutta
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Human beings produce saliva, which is a vital secreted fluid. A significant quantity of saliva is left on the skin while biting, sucking, or licking. This saliva if effectively detected could be utilized as forensic evidence. DNA extraction and typing is complex and expensive technique; hence, ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy could be used as an effective tool in detecting saliva. Aim: The aim was to detect the presence of dried saliva on the human skin using a UV spectrometer. Materials and Methodology: In this study, 50 volunteers deposited their saliva on their own arm. The saliva was air‑dried, then, the absorption spectra were recorded utilizing the UV spectrometer. Results: Saliva was detected with 64% of samples showing a peak at 282 nm. The technique proved to be very specific and sensitive, and it did not deteriorate the sample. Conclusion: UV‑spectroscopy is a specific and technique sensitive method that could detect the presence of saliva without deteriorating the quality of the given sample.
THE ADVANCED EXPERIENCE IN THE ORGANIZATION OF THE COMBINED SYSTEMS OF THE STATE FINANCIAL CONTROL AND ITS IMPORTANCE FOR UKRAINE
Authors: Voronkova О. , Volenko V.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to modernize the state financial control system in Ukraine in the term of globalization and European integration processes. The normative and organizational bases of construction of the combined systems of the state financial control in the leading countries are defined. The advanced experience in the effective interaction of the state financial control bodies from different branches of the state power are systematized and analyzed. The expediency for functioning of the combined system of the state financial control with a combination of elements of parliamentary and governmental systems in Ukraine is substantiated.
The scientific outcome of the study is the statement of the effective combination of elements of different branches of the state power in the state financial control systems in the leading countries and substantiation of expediency of such combination in Ukraine. Within analysis of the advanced experience in the organization of the combined systems of the state financial control and the provisions of current legislation, key links of the Ukrainian system of the state financial control were determined namely parliamentary, governmental and departmental financial control. Unlike the existing approaches the system structuring was carried out by institutions that implement a certain type of the state financial control.
To strengthen the interaction of these links of the state financial control system in Ukraine and turn it into the only effective mechanism, it is proposed to adopt a conceptual legislative act on the state financial control which should result in the standardization of the relevant conceptual framework, thorough division of control bodies’ powers, introduction of an effective mechanism for their interaction and information exchange between them.
Keywords: financial, control, system, state, audit, service, accounting chamber.
JEL Classification F42, H72, H83, G28
Formulas: 0; fig.: 1; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 18.
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISES: ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECT
Authors: Blikhar V. , Kopytko M. , Lychenko I. , Vinichuk M. , Polishchuk R.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Ukraine’s desire to integrate into the international economic space poses significant obstacles to innovative enterprises due to the destabilizing impact of globalization. Among the most important are financial, economic and political instability, risks of insolvency and reduced financial stability, which leads to the inability to meet external and internal challenges and ensure the optimal level of economic security. Under such conditions, the need to effectively counteract the destabilizing factors and ensure high rates of efficiency and profitability, which can be achieved through innovation and improvement of financial relations. Innovative activity, despite its high cost and significant level of risk, is one of the priorities of the enterprise. The activities of innovative enterprises attract the attention of economic agents, so ensuring the proper level of their economic security is no less important. Given that there is still no single unified and legally established method of calculating the level of economic security of enterprises, it is important to find the most acceptable and rational methods of calculating the level of security of enterprises, as well as developing a legal mechanism for their consolidation, which is the focus of scientists and practitioners for a long time. However, the problem has not yet been resolved.
The article examines the main approaches to assessing the level of economic security of innovative enterprises and identifies the importance of the factor of innovation and legal regulation of financial relations with other economic agents. The main indicators of economic security of the enterprise are systematized and their classification into macroeconomic, financial, foreign economic, investment, scientific and technological, as well as production is performed. The method of assessment the level of economic security of an innovative enterprise using the Solow model is substantiated and proposed.
Keywords: innovations, Solow model, indicators of economic security of the enterprise, integrated indicator of the level of economic security of the enterprise.
JEL Classification С13, С51, О47, О33
Formulas: 39; fig.: 1; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 11.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ДІАГНОСТИКИ КРИЗИ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВІ: ФІНАНСОВО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ ЗРІЗ
Authors: Вовчак О. , Кулиняк І. , Гальків Л. , Павлишин М. , Горбенко Т.
Published: July 2021

Анотація. Діяльність підприємств у сучасних умовах господарювання піддається впливу загроз, спричинених невизначеністю ринкового середовища. Одним із варіантів виходу з кризи і зниження рівня впливу економічного ризику для підприємств є розроблення і впровадження ефективних антикризових заходів, які повинні здійснюватися комплексно та із застосуванням результатів постійної діагностики. Саме тому метою дослідження є удосконалення теоретико-методичних положень щодо побудови системи діагностування кризових станів підприємств. На відміну від інших підходів до побудови такої системи, зосереджено увагу на розрахунку інтегрального показника, часткові індикатори якого відображають рівень кризових ситуацій на підприємстві за сферами виникнення з урахуванням положень збалансованої системи показників BSC. Систематизуючи дослідження наукових джерел, а також ураховуючи положення збалансованої системи показників BSC, запропоновано виокремлювати залежно від сфери виникнення чотири складові фінансово-економічної кризової ситуації на підприємствах: фінансова, операційна (виробнича), кадрова і маркетингова кризи. Діагностику кризового стану підприємства запропоновано проводити за допомогою визначення інтегрального показника з використанням методу аналізу ієрархій (методу Т. Сааті) та експертного опитування (для розрахунку вагомості кризових ситуацій та індикаторів), а також методу нормування (для приведення індикаторів діагностики кризових ситуацій, які є різними за типами, до єдиної інформаційної спрямованості і розмірності). Сформовано систему індикаторів діагностики фінансової, операційної, кадрової та маркетингової криз на підприємствах і з метою їхнього подальшого нормування визначено їхні характеристичні значення. Для узагальненого оцінювання рівня кризи на підприємстві запропоновано використовувати універсальну шкалу Харрінгтона. Відповідно до цієї шкали виокремлено п’ять рівнів кризового стану підприємства і надано їхню характеристику.
Ключові слова: кризовий стан, фінансова криза, операційна криза, кадрова криза, маркетингова криза, збалансована система показників BSC, індикатори діагностики кризових ситуацій, метод аналізу ієрархій.
Формул: 19; рис.: 0; табл.: 11; бібл.: 27.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF RISK MANAGEMENT MODELS IN ECONOMICS, MARKETING, FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING
Authors: Kosova Т. , Smerichevskyi S. , Ivashchenko А. , Radchenko H.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The relevance of the study is determined by the objective need to model the processes and results of business entities in conditions of the internal and external environment uncertainty in order to identify and reduce risks. The aim of the research is to make systematization of the risk sources and its main types inherent in Economics, Marketing, Finance and Accounting, as well as to develop recommendations for the use of Risk Management Models. The source of information was the International Organization for Standardization Guidelines, International Financial Reporting Standards, Directives of the European Parliament and the Council, scientific articles. Research methods are: system approach, formalization, theory of risk and modeling, analysis and synthesis. The main scientific result is to generalize the principles, structure, processes, sources of risks, approaches to its modelling, monitoring, quantification, reflection in accounting and reporting. The content and purpose of Risk Management Models, requirements to the information base and methods of their construction, approaches to description, practical application and validation were formalized. Such Risk Management Models as: reflexive, simulation, scenario, Value-at-Risk (VAR), Expected Shortfall (ES), SWOT-analysis, gap-management were considered in details. Authors’ contribution is mainly focused on the improvement of the modelling process based on the recommendation to apply an additional stage-model risk assessment, which will improve the quality of Risk Management Models and their further application. The practical significance of the obtained results is to increase the efficiency of economic, marketing, financial decision-making on the basis of Risk Management Models in conditions of uncertainty.
Keywords: risk, management, model, economics, marketing, finance, accounting.
JEL Classifications C50, D81, G32, M00, O21
Formulas: 0; fig.: 1; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 15.
INNOVATION-INVESTMENT PROVISION OF REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Skorokhod I. , Horbach L.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The purpose of the scientific publication is to analyze the dynamics of innovation and investment support for regional ecological development, to identify prospective ways to improve the financial incentives for innovative environmentally-oriented development of Ukrainian regions. The achievement of the purpose of environmentally sustainable development of the country and its regions requires an innovative approach, which  essence is to introduce innovations aimed at accelerating quantitative and qualitative changes in the methods of management combined with the development and absorption of environmentally safe innovations, the development of the market for innovative environmental goods and services. The article emphasizes that the innovative eco-sustainable development is the main means of solving a wide range of problems in almost all spheres of life and characterizes the quality of the socio-economic system of the country as a whole and its regions. The article discusses the features of implementation of innovations and investment in the regional ecological development. It analyses the  dynamics of innovation-investment support of regional ecological development based on calculations of innovation-scientific and investment indicators. This provided the basis for their rating assessment and identification of the interregional differentiation of administrative regions of Ukraine according to the indexes, which could be the basis for making managerial decisions on innovation and investment support for environmentally sustainable development, taking into account regional peculiarities. It is proved that for the activation of innovation and investment support for regional eco-sustainable development, it is necessary to determine its preconditions, taking into account the assessment of the possibilities of implementation of innovations and attraction of investments in the regions of Ukraine. Indices of innovation and investment support for environmentally safe development of the region are calculated on the basis of statistical data that have an enormous influence on their level and their grouping has been conducted according to qualitative features. A number of measures have been proposed to improve the financial incentives for innovative environmentally-oriented regional development. Keywords: innovation and investment projects, eco-sustainable development, environmental innovations, innovation activity, capital investments, financial sources. JEL Classification Q56, R58, O31, G31 Formulas: 0; fig.: 3; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 19.
ECONOMIC, PSYCHOLOGICAL, PEDAGOGICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF PRIMARY CLASSES IN THE CONTEXT OF IDEAS OF A NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL
Authors: Shanskova Т. , Konovalchuk I. , Rudnytska N. , Kolesnyk N. , Maksymets S.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The article analyzes the trends in the change of key competencies required by the labor market. It is stated that these changes determine the new competencies that must be formed in the pupils of the school, which in turn changes the requirements for the competencies of the teacher. The directions of economic reforms of the Ukrainian school are studied and it is shown that these reforms will lead to an increase in the requirements for primary school teachers and increase the level of control over his activities from communities, whose funds will be used to finance educational institutions of each community. Therefore, as a priority area of reforming the Ukrainian school, a systematic approach to the training of future teachers was proposed, details of the reassessment of the components of this approach, the content of components and outlined new requirements for the components of primary school teacher competence. It is proved that the psychological and pedagogical principles of primary school teacher training and acquisition of professional competence are a set of interconnected components of the educational process, which form the need for improvement and interest in the profession; stimulate the education of the individual. Not only the importance of knowledge and skills, but also the qualities that will ensure an effective pedagogical process; form a proper self-assessment of the teacher and his objective assessment of students. Negative factors that may reduce the effectiveness of complex psychological and pedagogical principles of future teacher training have also been studied. It is stated that the key prerequisite for these principles should be the formation of a teacher as a person who loves children, enjoys communication and friendship with them, is able to share their joys and sorrows, and does not forget how she was a child. The system of methodical approaches of teacher training is considered and it is specified that it should aim at formation at the future teacher of aspiration of innovative pedagogical work as a basis of its self-realization. The structure of methodical approaches in modern conditions is estimated and its transience is indicated. That is, methodological approaches are only tools in the work of a teacher, and the constant search for pedagogical innovations for the desire to improve will allow him to choose the right tools from the set offered to him. The results of the study and the developed proposals will increase the effectiveness of reforming the New Ukrainian school.
Keywords: competencies, system approach, education reform, professional training, future primary school teachers.
JEL Classification M53
Formulas: 0; fig.: 2; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 20.
SYSTEM OF CONCEPTS COMMUNICATIONS OF STATE INSTITUTIONS AND SOCIETY AS THE BASIS OF NATIONAL SECURITY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STABILITY
Authors: Beglytsia V. , Antonova L. , Kozlova L. , Datsii O. , Datsii N.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The article analyzes the process of communication between state institutions and society. The study found that all aspects of communication between government institutions and society today acquire the characteristics of digital communication. This means that for the process of communication between government and society, its interactivity, multimedia, efficiency, extraterritoriality become relevant. It is also characteristic that the communication of state institutions and society acquires certain systemic properties — emergence, inherence, integrity. Also, as a result of the analytical study, there is a significant disparity in the access of different groups of the population to modern information and communication technologies and, as a consequence, the formation of different levels of their uptake by these groups of the population. Therefore, to increase the efficiency of communications, the subjects of the communication process should use a system of different channels of information transmission and use not a single concept, but a system of communication concepts to ensure national security and socio-economic stability. It is proven that the basis and guarantee of the formation and introduction of a systematic conceptual approach to the practical application of information and communication technologies of state institutions and society is the inevitable end-to-end digitalization of Ukraine. The process of digitalization will lead to a change in social and political activities of citizens, the formation of social strata, which is the germ of the information society and will require intellectual communication. The existence of a system of communication concepts has led to the use of a systematic approach to create an algorithm for the formation and implementation of effective communications of state institutions and society. The complex of requirements to the specified system of communications is formed due to the research. This system should be aimed at reconciling and harmonizing the interests and positions of communities of citizens; integration of social communities, optimization of administrative activity based on democratic values and observance of citizens’ rights. It also proposes areas of work to fulfill the tasks facing state institutions and society to harmonize the information and communication process and to form the basis of social stability and guarantee national security.
 Keywords: communications, concept system, power, information society, digital economy.
JEL Classification H10
Formulas: 0; fig.: 3; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 21.
Prospects for Using Alumina-Containing Industrial Waste in Cement Production
Authors: Khlystov A.I. , Sokolova S.V. , Baranova M.N. , Vasilieva D.I. , Kholopov Yu.A.
Published: July 2021

Local industrial waste from the Samara region (aluminochrome waste of petrochemicals, aluminium sludge of non-ferrous metallurgy) has been studied for use in the production of fire-resistant lining materials with enhanced operational characteristics. The composition and properties of industrial wastes formed at the Samara Metallurgical Plant and their application for obtaining active liquid-steel binder compositions have been studied. The dependence of these compositions refractoriness on the type of hardener and the amount of additive has been analyzed.
Complex Technology of Ash and Slag Waste from Power Plants
Authors: Delitsyn L.M. , Ryabov Yu.V. , Kulumbegov R.V. , Sulman M.G. , Kosivtsov Yu.Yu. , Zavadko M.Yu.
Published: July 2021

The development of a comprehensive technology for the processing of ash waste (ASW), which is based on the extraction of carbon from the CSO by flotation method and iron-containing minerals by means of magnetic separation, is presented. The proposed approach is based on the extraction of carbon from ash and slag by flotation and iron-containing minerals by magnetic separation. In this work, the optimal size of the ash fraction supplied for flotation was established. It is shown that when the technological process is carried out according to the stadium scheme when flotation reagents are fed in fractions, it allows their consumption to be reduced and the recovery of carbon concentrate from underburning to be significantly increased. The developed technology was tested on a pilot plant. High-quality carbon, iron-containing and aluminosilicate products were obtained. Auxiliary enrichment processes such as classification, thickening and filtration were tested.
Enzymative Activity of Soils in the Activity Territory of the Dzhida Tungsten-Molybdenum Combine (Western Zabaikalie)
Authors: Sosorova S.B. , Lavrent’eva I.N. , Boloneva L.N. , Ubugunov V.L. , Tsyrempilov E.G.
Published: July 2021

The enzymatic activity (catalase, cellulase) of soils and technogenic sand on the territory of the former Dzhida tungsten-molybdenum combine (Western Transbaikalia) was studied. The objects of the study were the surface 0-10 cm layers of alluvial dark humus soil (Fluvisols) as a background, man-made sand (waste after mining and processing of tungsten and molybdenum ores) and soils of recultivated contours № 1, 3, 4. At the same depth, linen cloths were laid to assess the activity of cellulase. Differences in the activity of soil enzymes of the background soil and soils on the studied contours were established, depending on the level of heavy metals content in them and the technologies used for reclamation.
IMPACTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISE ON HDL LEVEL OF ADULTS; IT’S SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTES
Authors: Marwat Noor Muhammad , Khalid Shah , Shah Pir Muhammad Abdul Aziz , Hasnain Fayaz ul , Khan Rashid Naeem
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study to find out the impacts of a 6-weeks supervised aerobic exercise protocol on High-Density Lipoprotein among adults aged between 25-35 years was evaluated.

Methodology: Researchers through a non-probability sampling procedure selected thirty (30) volunteers ranging from 25-35 untrained adults from Lakki Marwat. Researchers used a six-week aerobic exercise protocol to collect relevant information from the targeted dependent variables. The CHOD PAP method was used to measure the High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) of adults. All the data collected from pre-and post- (HDL) tests were recorded in numerical form and analyzed by using a t-test.

Main Findings: The results of the study indicate that the six-week aerobic exercise protocol program had no significant difference on pre-and post-intervention quantities of HDL of Experimental Group which is (P>0.05).

The implication of the Study: The aerobic exercise programs used for this particular study may help adults to improve and maintain their health status, proper social stature, and lipid profile. An increase in the HLD is ideal as this increase in the HDL helps to prevent cardiovascular diseases particularly the heart valves from stroke and cardiac arrest and academic achievements of the participants.

Novelty: So far, no particular research has been conducted on the social implications of exercise effects on adults. Future researchers may work on the social habits of physically fit adults and their input to society.
PREDICTING THE INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR BY ASSESSING LEADERSHIP STYLES IN A HIGHER EDUCATIONAL CONTEXT
Authors: Khan Muhammad Saqib , Khan Hamid , Ullah Aman , Kamran Muhammad , Tariq Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Purpose of Study: The present study aimed to examine the leadership styles (transformational & transactional) in predicting the innovative work behavior of the teacher in higher educational institutions. Leadership is important in the transformation of attitude and behavior of followers towards assigned responsibilities, however, which style is more effective in this transformation process in the main theme of the present study.

Methodology: To achieve the desired objectives of the research, a quantitative approach was used wherein the cross-sectional design was followed by using the survey approach to attain the objectives as aligned with hypotheses. In this connection, relationships (association & cause-&-effect) among research variables were examined through statistical procedures by using SPSS.

Main Findings: The results of the study revealed that both the leadership styles are effective in the transformation process however, the role of transformational leadership is more effective as compared to transactional leadership as revealed from the results of correlation (association) and regression (cause-& effect) procedures in the context under considerations in this research study.

Applications of Study: The study is likely to be useful for the management of higher education institutions in revisiting their policies concerning the application of leadership development towards the followers. The study is also expected to be useful for future researchers in obtaining the practical guidelines from methods and procedures used in this study for their future endeavors.

Novelty/Originality of Study: This study examined the leading and burning issues like (leadership styles and followers’ innovative behavior in a native environment to produce new findings and new knowledge about the relationships between the research phenomena to contribute to the existing database of knowledge.
„Szkodÿ ÿ krzÿwdÿ khtore poczÿnili żolnierze Króla Jego Mości”. Zimowanie wojska polskiego na przełomie lat 1564/1565
Authors: Bołdyrew Aleksander
Published: July 2021

Oddalone teatry działań wojennych podczas I wojny północnej (1560–1570) wymusiły konieczność utrzymania określonych sił zbrojnych w pogotowiu nawet w czasie zimy. Przy braku regularnych wypłat żołdu oraz scentralizowanego systemu zaopatrywania wojska, zimujący żołnierze musieli samodzielnie zaopatrywać się w żywność i paszę, co prowadziło do licznych nadużyć. Latem 1565 r. powstała specjalna, mieszana komisja polsko-litewska, której zadaniem było zewidencjonowanie i opłacenie szkód wyrządzonych przez żołnierzy koronnych podczas leży zimowych (1564/1565). Protokoły tej komisji stanowią interesujący zapis zmagań żołnierzy z zimą, brakiem żywności i dogodnych warunków bytowych.
Natura kontra armia Iwana Paskiewicza podczas wyprawy na Węgry w 1849 roku
Authors: Kita Jarosław
Published: July 2021

W czerwcu 1849 r. rosyjska armia interwencyjna pod dowództwem feldmarszałka Iwana Paskiewicza wkroczyła na Węgry celem udzielenia wsparcia wojskom austriackim. Po stronie Węgrów walczyło kilka tysięcy Polaków i część z nich pozostawiła pamiętniki dotyczące wydarzeń węgierskiej Wiosny Ludów. Z kolei w armii rosyjskiej służyli także Polacy, ale egodokumentów wytworzonych przez nich znamy bardzo mało. Dlatego też jest to interesujące i mało wykorzystywane źródło. W niniejszym tekście, na podstawie przede wszystkim wspomnień uczestników walk na Węgrzech w 1849 r., podjęto refleksję historyczną nad problemem, w jakim stopniu natura wpływała na działania prowadzone przez wojska carskie. Autorzy pamiętników pisali o tym niewiele, a jeżeli już podejmowali ten problem, to wskazywali na dwie zasadnicze kwestie, a mianowicie panujące upały i szerzącą się epidemię cholery. Ponadto pewnymi problemami, chociaż najpewniej nie najważniejszymi dla pamiętnikarzy, były przeprawy przez wielkie rzeki, np. Cisę, oraz długotrwałe marsze nieraz bez jedzenia i wody.
Służba meteorologiczna i hydrograficzna armii II Rzeczypospolitej
Authors: Czernielewski Konrad Aleksander
Published: July 2021

Autor artykułu omówił dzieje służby meteorologicznej i hydrograficznej Wojska Polskiego w latach 1919–1939. Na początku swych rozważań przedstawił krótki zarys rozwoju obserwacji meteorologicznych i hydrograficznych w Polsce od końca średniowiecza do wybuchu I wojny światowej. Ukazał początki formowania państwowej i wojskowej służby meteorologicznej i hydrograficznej w 1919 r. Szczególnie dużo uwagi poświęcił działalności Państwowego Instytutu Meteorologii – instytucji ściśle współpracującej z Ministerstwem Spraw Wojskowych, Sztabem Generalnym Wojska Polskiego i jego oddziałami. Przedstawiono także historię służb hydrograficznych Polskiej Marynarki Wojennej. Polska miała przed 1939 r. duże osiągnięcia w badaniach hydrograficznych. Już w 1926 r. została członkiem Międzynarodowego Biura Hydrograficznego z siedzibą w Monako. Oficjalnym reprezentantem Polski w Międzynarodowym Biurze było Biuro Hydrograficzne Marynarki Wojennej. Autor dużo uwagi poświęcił działalności służb meteorologicznych na rzecz polskiego lotnictwa – głównie wojskowego, ale także współpracy meteorologów wojskowych z polską artylerią oraz służbą uzbrojenia. Omówił problematykę szkolenia służb meteorologicznych i hydrograficznych w Polsce w latach 1918–1939. Przedstawił również strukturę organizacyjną wspomnianych służb oraz ich kadrę dowódczą. Przybliżył czytelnikom kwestie techniczne: przedstawił oprzyrządowanie, sposoby i metody obserwacji zjawisk przyrodniczych, a także ich zapisywanie. We wnioskach końcowych przedstawił swoją ocenę działalności służb meteorologicznych oraz hydrograficznych Wojska Polskiego. Ocenił je bardzo wysoko – były dobrze zorganizowane i dobrze wyposażone w sprzęt specjalistyczny, współpracowały z licznymi instytucjami naukowymi. Wysoko oceniane były w okresie międzywojennym przez przedstawicieli armii europejskich. Świadczy o tym fakt, iż o informację o organizacji polskich służb meteorologicznych i hydrograficznych poprosił na początku marca 1938 r. attaché wojskowy Finlandii.
The Role of Implementing KPIs to the Faculty Members in enhancing Higher Education Quality in Lebanon
Authors: Soubjaki Moetaz , Choughri Radwan , Jardali Hussein Al
Published: July 2021

The application of key performance indicators (KPIs) within institutions has proven to be difficult task. Until now, its effective implementation is considered one of the key determinants to the performance and success of a business. This research will explore the role of implementing KPIs for faculty members within higher education (HEI) in Lebanon. This study will seek to explore two key hypotheses (i) there is no statistically significant role of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for faculty members in quality assurance in higher education in Lebanon and hypothesis and (ii) there is a statistically significant role of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for faculty members in quality assurance in higher education in Lebanon. Hypothesis (ii) will prove to be true with the results for hypothesis one showing to be incorrect. A total of 200 participants from across different higher education institutions within Lebanon will be involved within the study.
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy and Depression: Dancing with Wolves? - Mini-Review and Commentary on Alghafri et al. "Screening for depressive symptoms amongst patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy"
Authors: Vas Prashanth R.J. , Papanas Nikolaos
Published: July 2021

The co-existence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and depression in subjects with diabetes is being increasingly recognized. The interaction of these two serious comorbidities may increase morbidity and mortality. An emerging thought is that persisting depression, along with
stroke and cognitive dysfunction, may represent a cluster of potential microvascular injuries affecting the brain, which shares a common risk factor with DPN. Current evidence highlights metabolic and clinical covariates, which may interact in subjects with DPN and depression. However, there
is a lack of rigorous enquiry into the confounding effect of cognitive dysfunction and vascular brain disease. Furthermore, high-quality longitudinal studies exploring the direct impact of these comorbidities on diabetes course and on the progression of the comorbidities themselves are lacking.
Improved insights into comorbid DPN and depression may help to improve screening for and treatment of both these conditions.
Los gastos deducibles en bares, hoteles y restaurantes, y su impacto en la determinación del pago del impuesto a la renta de trabajo de los niveles socioeconómicos “B” y “C” de Lima Metropolitana del año 2019
Authors:   , Bautista Velasquez Massiel Alexandra , Ccoicca Ortiz Frank Tonny
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como finalidad determinar el impacto que generará la aplicación de los gastos deducibles en bares, hoteles y restaurantes en la determinación del pago del impuesto a la renta de trabajo de los niveles socioeconómicos “B” y “C” de Lima Metropolitana del año 2019. Dado que este tipo de gastos, a partir de 2019, permiten deducir el pago del impuesto a la renta de trabajo según lo que indica el Decreto Supremo 248-2018-EF y los cuales serán explicados a detalle en los siguientes párrafos. Es así como, este trabajo de investigación se encuentra estructurado en 5 secciones. En el Capítulo I, Marco Teórico, se encontrarán las definiciones importantes y relevantes que el lector deberá considerar para tener un mejor entendimiento sobre el tema principal, posteriormente. En el Capítulo II, Plan de tesis, se describe el problema principal, los objetivos e hipótesis generales y específicos. En el Capítulo III, se presentó el tipo de investigación a aplicar en el trabajo y se determinó el tamaño de la muestra sujeta a un análisis de carácter cualitativo y cuantitativo. En el Capítulo IV, Desarrollo, se ejecutará la aplicación de los procedimientos planteados en el capítulo anterior y además de ello, se expondrá un caso práctico el cual permitirá sustentar el impacto de los gastos deducibles en bares, hoteles y restaurantes en la determinación del pago del Impuesto a la Renta. Finalmente, en el Capítulo V, Análisis de resultados, se revelan las conclusiones y recomendaciones producto del trabajo de investigación.
Determinación de tasa de generación de viajes de hospitales públicos Categoría II-2 en Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   , Saldaña Barturén Luis Anthony , Vasquez Gomez Oscar Augusto
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación es proponer una mejora en la planificación del transporte y viabilización de proyectos hospitalarios Categoría II-2 localizados en la ciudad de Lima Metropolitana mediante el uso de tasas de generación de viajes locales. Gracias a la recolección de información, estudios de demanda, análisis estadísticos y el uso de la metodología propuesta por el Institute of Transportation Enginnering (ITE) se logra conocer la relación que existe entre los viajes realizados al polo generador de viajes (PGV) y las características que este posee. Se utilizaron cuatro hospitales de la misma categoría en diversos puntos de la ciudad para poder establecer dichas tasas, se recolectó información de los mismos centros hospitalarios cuyos valores son usados como variables independientes del presente estudio, por ejemplo: el área de terreno, área construida, número de camas, entre otros. Además de calcular la tasa de generación de viajes, también se determinó la ecuación de regresión lineal o logarítmica, se graficaron las curvas de tendencia y se establecieron las variables independientes que influyen principalmente al presente PGV, luego de calcular el coeficiente de determinación (R2) que más se ajusta y aplicando la prueba de hipótesis nula, que demuestra estadísticamente que la correlación entre la variable dependiente y la independiente es aceptable con un nivel de confianza del 95%. Al finalizar el estudio, se comprueba que existe una variación en los resultados locales entre el 78% y 84% respecto a los del ITE.
The Influence of Sunflower Commercialisation and Diversity on Women's Empowerment: The Case of Iramba and Mkalama Districts, Singida Region
Authors: Mosha Devotha B. , Jeckoniah John , Isinika Aida , Boniface Gideon
Published: July 2021

There is a growing body of literature that argues that normally women derive little benefit from cash crops. Some of the barriers leading to women having less benefit from cash crop value chains include cultural norms and power differences in access to, and control over, resources among actors in value chains. It is also argued that women’s participation in different forms of collective action help women to increase benefits to them through their increased agency, hence enabling them to utilise existing and diverse options for their empowerment. This paper explores how women have benefited from their engagement in sunflower commercialisation and how culture has influenced changes in access to, and control over, resources, including land, for their empowerment.
Mapping of Children Engaged in the Worst Forms of Child Labour in the Supply Chain of the Leather Industry in Bangladesh
Authors: Maksud A K M , Reaz Hossain Khandaker , Sayed Sayma , Arulanantham Amit
Published: July 2021

This mapping of children in the worst forms of child labour (WFCL) in the leather sector of Bangladesh was conducted in May–August 2020. WFCL are not always obvious and, without better understanding of where, why and how it is happening, the exploitation and abuse of children in the workforce in Bangladesh will continue. This mapping provides a detailed assessment of where children are working in the leather supply chain in Bangladesh, what they are doing, how they came to be doing it and what their conditions of work and experiences are. Furthermore, and critically, it evidences the children’s perceptions of themselves and others as child labourers – the jobs and areas of the sector that they feel comprise WFCL, and the jobs they feel are the most difficult or dangerous to do and that children should not have to do.
Maintaining Basic State Functions and Service Delivery During Escalating Crises
Authors: Herbert Siân
Published: July 2021

This rapid literature review explores how to maintain essential state functions and basic service delivery during escalating conflict situations. It draws on literature and ideas from various overlapping agendas including development and humanitarian nexus; development, humanitarian and peacebuilding nexus (the “triple nexus”); fragile states; state-building; conflict sensitivity; resilience; and conflict prevention and early warning. There has been an extensive exploration of these ideas over the past decades: as the international development agenda has increasingly focussed on the needs of fragile and conflict-affected contexts (FCAS); as violent conflicts have become more complex and protracted; as the global share of poverty has become increasingly concentrated in FCAS highlighting the need to combine humanitarian crisis strategies with longer-term development strategies; as threats emanating from FCAS increasingly affect countries beyond those states and regions e.g. through serious and organised crime (SOC) networks, migration, terrorism, etc; and as global trends like climate change and demographic shifts create new stresses, opportunities, and risks.
Penegakan Hukum Sertifikasi Halal Rumah Potong Hewan
Authors: Wenovita Cita Ayu Alfioni
Published: July 2021

AbstractIndonesia is densely populated country with majority of Musims. One of the obligations of a Muslim is to eat halal food. Various food products cause various problems. One of them is the presence of a mixture of haram substances into food products. So it is necessary to have halal certification for the product before it is marketed to the public. Including cut meat products, it must be ascertained whether the slaughter is in accordance with Islamic law or not. Most of the cut meat that is scattered in various regions in Indonesia comes from the slaughterhouse services. The number of slaughterhouses scattered in Indonesia is not balanced with the implementation of halal certification. Even though the existence of halal certification provides legal guarantees and protection. Based on this, it is necessary to enforce halal certification law by the community, business actors and also the government. Keywords: Halal Certification; Consumer Protection; Slaughterhouse.AbstrakIndonesia merupakan negara dengan padat penduduk dengan mayoritas beragama Islam. Salah satu kewajiban seorang Muslim adalah mengonsumsi makanan yang halal. Produk makanan yang beragam menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan. Salah satunya adalah adanya campuran zat haram ke dalam produk makanan. Sehingga diperlukan adanya sertifikasi halal terhadap produk sebelum dipasarkan kepada masyaakat. Termasuk pula produk daging potong, harus dipastikan apakah penyembelihannya sudah sesuai syariat Islam atau belum. Daging potong yang tersebar berbagai wilayah di Indonesia sebagian besar berasal dari jasa Rumah Potong Hewan. Banyaknya Rumah Potong Hewan yang tersebar di Indonesia, tidak diimbangi dengan pelaksanaan sertifikasi halal. Padahal dengan adanya sertifikasi halal memberikan jaminan dan perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen. Pelanggaran terhadap sertifikasi halal termasuk bentuk pelanggaran terhadap perlindungan konsumen. Berdasarkan hal tersebut diperlukan adanya penegakan hukum sertifikasi halal oleh masyarakat, pelaku usaha dan juga pemerintah.Kata Kunci: Sertifikasi Halal; Perlindungan Konsumen; Rumah Potong Hewan.
Prinsip Customer Due Diligence Pada Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang
Authors: Larasati Nimas Ayu Alifia
Published: July 2021

AbstractPeer to peer lending must register in the Otoritas Jasa keuangan (OJK) for approval in POJK No. 77 of 2016. Peer to peer lending are required to approve the AML and CTF programs approved in Article 42 POJK No. 77 of 2016 which regulates further in POJK No. 12 of 2017 using the principle of customer due diligence. The application of customer due diligence is adjusted to the characteristics of peer to peer lending. Peer to peer lending made specifically for special work units who is responsible for the implementation of the APU and PPT programs. But until now since the promulgation of POJK No. 77 of 2016 and POJK No. 12 of 2019, peer to peer lending that has been registered in OJK does not have a special work unit in the company's organizational structure. This type of consenting is legal research carried out by considering regulations and asking for conceptual. Based on research, the regulations for the implementation of the AML and CTF programs have not been implemented to the maximum by peer to peer lending. Keywords: Peer to Peer Lending; Customer Due Diligence; Money Laundering.AbstrakPenyelenggara layanan pinjam meminjam uang berbasis teknologi informasi wajib melakukan pendaftaran kepada OJK sebagaimana diatur dalam POJK No. 77 Tahun 2016. Penyelenggara diwajibkan menerapkan program APU dan PPT sebagaimana diatur Pasal 42 POJK No. 77 Tahun 2016 yang diatur lebih lanjut dalam POJK No. 12 Tahun 2017 dengan menerapkan prinsip customer due diligence. Penyelenggara layanan pinjam meminjam uang berbasis teknologi informasi diwajibkan membentuk unit kerja khusus. Namun sampai saat ini sejak diundangkannya POJK No. 77 Tahun 2016 dan POJK No. 12 Tahun 2019, penyelenggara layanan pinjam meminjam uang berbasis teknologi informasi yang terdaftar di OJK tidak mempunyai unit kerja khusus dalam struktur organisasi perusahaannya. Tipe penulisan ini adalah penelitian hukum yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Berdasarkan penelitian, ketentuan kewajiban penerapan program APU dan PPT belum dilaksanakan dengan maksimal oleh penyelenggara layanan pinjam meminjam uang berbasis teknologi informasi. Kata Kunci: Layanan Pinjam Meminjam; Customer Due Diligence; Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang.
Asas Privity of Contract Dalam Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi (Studi Kasus pada Penyelenggara DanaRupiah)
Authors: Karuniahaj Shofa Efita
Published: July 2021

AbstractOne of the manifestation of the emergence of financial technology is the innovation of the lending and borrowing money services based on information technology. This service is provided by company, there are company that illegal and legal. One of the services provider company that is widely complained and suspected to be violating the provisions is DanaRupiah organizer. In the case of default due to the inability of the borrower to repay or default due to the system failure held by the organizer, billing is often carried out to parties who do not know anything about the loan agreement made by the borrower and the lender through the organizing platform. An agreement has privity of contract which an agreement is only valid and binding for parties who made it. This research is legal research using statute approach, conceptual approach and case study. The result of this legal research shows that in the lending and borrowing money services based on information technology the principle of privity of contract is not implemented.Keywords: Lending and Borrowing Agreement; Default; Privity of Contract.AbstrakKemunculan teknologi finansial salah satunya diwujudkan dengan adanya layanan pinjam meminjam uang berbasis teknologi informasi. Layanan ini diselenggarakan oleh perusahaan penyelenggara layanan yang illegal dan legal. Salah satu perusahaan penyelenggara layanan yang banyak diadukan dan diduga melakukan pelanggaran adalah Penyelenggara Dana Rupiah. Dalam terjadinya gagal bayar karena ketidakmampuan peminjam membayar maupun kegagalan pembayaran karena gagalnya sistem oleh penyelenggara ini seringkali penagihan dilakukan kepada pihak yang tidak tahu menahu akan perjanjian pinjaman yang dilakukan oleh penerima pinjaman dan pemberi pinjaman melalui platform penyelenggara. Sebuah perjanjian terdapat asas privity of contract yang mana suatu perjanjian hanya berlaku dan mengikat bagi para pihak yang membuatnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum yang disusun dengan menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual dan studi kasus. Dari penelitian hukum ini, diketahui bahwa dalam layanan pinjam meminjam uang berbasis teknologi informasi asas privity of contract ini tidak diterapkan. Kata Kunci: Perjanjian Pinjam Meminjam; Gagal Bayar; Privity of Contract.