bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPLORING CUSTOMERS’ ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOURS TOWARDS USING MOBILE MARKETING BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER VISITING RESTAURANTS IN SAUDI ARABIA
Authors:   Victoria University, Melbourne, Aljabr Mshari , Garma Romana ,   Victoria University, Melbourne, Drake Colin ,   Victoria University, Melbourne
Published: November 2021

Contemporary tourism has seen the adoption of mobile applications to discover and market attractions such as restaurants and hotels, yet few academic studies focus on customer attitudes and behaviours towards the usage of mobile marketing for restaurants in non-western cultures, like Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Arabian Government’s announcement that its borders are opening to international tourists marks a significant opportunity for the hospitality businesses. This study provides insight into customers’ attitudes and behaviours towards using mobile marketing channels when deciding on restaurants. Qualitative research using semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten Saudi customers who frequently utilised their smartphones to decide on restaurants. Thematic analysis identified positive attitudes towards using mobile marketing for restaurants which considered factors like usefulness, ease of use, time and money savings, while misleading information and massive advertising resulted in negative attitudes. Furthermore, the research highlights customers’ main mobile marketing activities before, during, and after their visits to restaurants. This research provides the initial findings identifying opportunities for businesses as a result of the adoption of these technologies.
DIVE SITE ATTRACTIVENESS INDEX (DSAI) AS AN INNOVATION IN SCUBA DIVING TOURISM: A CASE OF PERHENTIAN ISLANDS
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Mohd Salleh Nurul Haqimin , Mohd Rozar Norlinda ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Osnin Noor Apandi ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Che Din Mohd Safuan ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Mohd Azli Nurul Asmidah ,   Schenker Logistics (M) Sdn. Bhd, Syed Muhammad Sharifah Noor Ridzwan ,   Sea Voice Divers
Published: November 2021

Dive sites which are home to various forms of marine life, unique structures and corals have become the main attraction for scuba divers. Divers normally choose the most attractive diving sites by visiting dive centers or getting referrals from other divers. However, there is problem in conventional subjective judgments where no standard measures have been considered. As a result, the judgments on dive site attractiveness may satisfy some divers but not others. To avoid these uncertainties, this research innovatively developed the world’s first index model for the attractiveness a dive site. Eight factors have been carefully selected, namely visibility, current stability, uniqueness of underwater scenery, coral health, the immensity of the coral reef, diversity and density of marine life. Then, these identified factors were ranked and assessed by using an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Evidential Reasoning (ER). Finally, all dive sites are indexed so it can be compared with others for better decision-making. To test the applicability of this proposed model, 22 dive sites in Perhentian Island were successfully assessed, indexed, and mapped. Terumbu Tiga (T3), Sail Rock and Tokong Laut were indexed as the top three dive sites in Perhentian Islands. The results also showed that the most profound factor that determined the attractiveness of a dive site was the diversity of its marine life followed by the diversity of its coral species, and the uniqueness of its underwater scenery. Practically, this model can be applied and widely used for indexing all dive sites in the world based on decision-makers’ preferences. It is expected that this index model will benefit divers, dive centers, marine parks, and related agencies by providing a new information that can be used in marine tourism.
A “NEW NORMAL” CONCEPTUAL APPROACH; AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) TOURISM IN TERENGGANU
Authors:   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Mustapha Faizal , Ismail Fathilah ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Muda Mohd Khairul Hafiz ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Abdullah Mohd Na’im ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Yaakob Mohd Saffuan ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Kadir Mohd Norfaiz ,   Telekom Malaysia
Published: November 2021

Tourism is one of the sectors that has been badly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, governments around the globe have taken measures to ease the effect of the resulting economic downturn on households and businesses in a bid to prolong survivability of the public. In the longer run, this tourism industry will desperately need to adapt to a post-pandemic “new normal” to sustain the income of its tourism players and operators. The alternative to coping with the new normal is to migrate from the classical model to an advanced or high-technology approach. “High-Tech” devices or tools can play an important role towards the recovery of the tourism industry following the upheaval caused by the pandemic. The new standard operating procedures (SOPs) to mitigate the spread of the disease, health consciousness and better hygiene protocols, and as well as social distancing are likely to remain in place for the foreseeable future. Touchless services delivery and investments in digital technology could facilitate an industry-wide recovery. The use of modern technology is quickly becoming a necessity for many destinations in order to stay competitive and attractive in the new norm of the tourism industry. A new form of technology that may be suitable for the tourism industry to use to regain some of its former glory is that of virtual and or Augmented Reality (AR). The aim of this paper is to give industry players an insight into the basic design of a mobile AR Tourism application for the state of Terengganu in Malaysia. Several interesting places will be selected for AR Tourism research and practice. The AR Tourism app will be designed to serve a specific purpose for the user, while multi-language functionality, ease-of-use and the capability to personalise the app are among the main requirements that need to be considered in attracting tourists and encouraging regular use among travel enthusiasts.
PLATINUM(IV) COMPLEX AND ITS CORRESPONDING LIGAND SUPPRESS CELL MOTILITY AND PROMOTE EXPRESSION OF FRIZZLED-7 RECEPTOR IN COLORECTAL CANCER CELLS
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Šeklić Dragana , Jovanović Milena , Milivojević Nevena , Živanović Marko
Published: November 2021

Suppression of cell movement is an imperative in the effectiveness of future generations of chemotherapeutics. Frizzled 7 receptor (FZD7), as the first protein of Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade, plays a significant role in regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, and cell migration. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of platinum (IV) complex: [PtCl4 (dbu-S, S-eddp)] – C1, and its corresponding ligand – L1 on cell movement, as well as the FZD7 expression and localization after treatments on two human colorectal carcinoma cell lines (HCT-116, SW-480). A Wound healing assay was used to examine cell migration, while FZD7 protein expression was examined by immunofluorescence. Chemical compounds, especially L1, reduced cell motility of both tested cell lines. They showed a particularly good effect on HCT-116 cells, increasing protein expression of the antimigratory marker FZD7 whose localization was observed on the cell membrane of HCT-116 cells. Suppression of cell movement was significantly lower in SW-480 cells after treatments, when compared to HCT-116, with an obvious decrease of FZD7 receptor expression and its localization in the cytoplasm of these cells. Our results indicate that among the examined treatments, the ligand showed more significant results in the suppression of HCT-116 cell movement, most likely through the stimulation of differentiation, which is indicated by the promotion of FZD7 expression.
POLYPLOIDY OF NORTH EAST ASIA AQUATIC AND SEMIAQUATIC VASCULAR PLANTS
Authors: Andriyanova E. , Mochalova O.
Published: November 2021

The chromosome numbers of aquatic and semiaquatic vascular plants growing in extreme North-East Asia, east of the Lena River, were analyzed. We have reviewed the information about the karyological peculiarity of the aquatic flora based on published data, including our own definitions. The karyological data are considered depending on the taxonomic position, distribution and ecological characteristics of the species. The chromosome numbers are known for 119 out of 123 species. There is no data on Zannichellia komarovii, Eleocharis termale, Stuckenia subretusa and Potamogeton sibiricus. In the aquatic flora of North-East Asia, the proportion of polyploids is higher (79%) than that reported for the entire Beringian flora (69%). We analyzed species for the presence of polyploidy depending on the type of area. Analysis by latitudinal groups revealed that all Arctic and hypoarctic species of aquatic plants are polyploids. The minimum proportion of polyploids is observed among arctoboreal species. Analysis by longitudinal groups revealed that the lowest proportion of polyploids was noted among species found only in Eurasia and absent in North America (61%), and it was the highest among pluriregional species (96%). The species of the families Cyperaceae, Lemnaceae, Ranunculaceae and Poaceae are characterized by a high level of variability in the number of chromosomes. The greatest variety of chromosome numbers is observed in the polymorphic species Caltha palustris s. l., Agrostis stolonifera, Dupontia fisheri s. l., Phragmites australis, in all species of the genus Eleocharis, and in Nymphaea tetragona, Acorus calamus, Calla palustris. The isolated cases of a high level of ploidy were found in the extreme northeast, at the northern borders of ranges, in 3 species - Hippuris vulgaris, Arctophila fulva and Beckmannia syzigachne. Only diploids are known in the families Equisetaceae, Typhaceae, Zosteraceae from the flora of North East Asia. We revealed the existence of several chromosomal races in Ranunculus gmelinii and Caltha palustris (Ranunculaceae) in the Magadan region; the distribution of chromosomal races is partly related to geographic location and partly to plant habitats. Rare karyotypes in these species are observed in aquatic forms with mainly vegetative reproduction, growing in non-freezing watercourses.
ZOOINDICATION OF WATER BODIES WITHIN PETROLEUM INDUSTRIAL TERRITORIES OF THE BOLSHEZEMELSKAYA TUNDRA
Authors: Shikhova T. , Scopin E. , Bolshakov R.
Published: November 2021

Intensive development of the oil and gas industry and accidents on oil pipelines become the reason of the environmental tension in the Pechora River basin (Nenets Autonomous District). Data on changes in water quality in five lakes and a small watercourse in the territory of oil fields of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra are presented. The bioindication indices (Berger-Parker (D), Shannon biodiversity (H '), Woodiwiss (W), Pantle-Buck (S), Balushkina (Kch)) were applied. The assessment of the state of water bodies in the Kolva River Basin (large lakes - Kolvaty and Nercheity), in the Laya River Basin (shallow lakes - Krugloye, Bezymyannoe 1, Bezymyannoe 2, stream) was done. The 28 samples of zoobenthos was processed by the standard method in July 2012 and 2019. A low diversity of benthic invertebrates was revealed for 5–20 taxa of the rank of families and orders. During the considered period, the changes have occurred in the structure and composition of the zoobenthos of water bodies. In 2019, the species diversity decreased in Kolvaty Lake (H'<2). There are no species of the crustacean complex (Monoporeia affinis, Mesocyclops leuckarti, Heterocope borealis) and larvae of Trichoptera. Only Sphaeriidae and Chironomidae with a predominance of Psectrocladius psilopterus (D = 55%) were recorded. The species diversity in Nercheity Lake increased (H'> 2) with a change in the dominant taxa: the larvae of the chironomids Ablabesmyia monilis (D = 44%) were found in 2012, the lower crustaceans (D = 47–51%) - in 2019. However, according to the totality of hydrobiological indicators, the quality of water in the lakes of the Kolva River Basin in 2019 compared to 2012 did not change significantly. The quality of water in the Krugloye and Bezymyannoe 1, Bezymyannoe 2 lakes (the Laya River Basin) has improved that is confirmed by a significant increase of species diversity. The most characteristic groups of benthic communities in these lakes are lower crustaceans (Cladocera, Copepoda, Ostracoda) and Chironomidae. The indicators of clean waters are o-β-mesosaprobic species Cladocera, Copepoda Heterocope appendiculata, Heterocope borealis (in the oligotrophic lakes), caddisfly Limnephilus stigma (in the Krugloe Lake), rotifer Polyarthra euryptera (in the Bezymyannoe 2 Lake), mayfly larvae Centroptilum luteolum. More resistant to organic pollution Copepoda began to prevail in abundance and diversity in Bezymyannoe 1 and Bezymyannoe 2 lakes, with a decrease in the taxonomic composition of Cladocera, which indicates the eutrophication of these water bodies. In most lakes, the water corresponds to the III quality class ("moderate pollution"), but in the Kolvaty lake and in the Bezymyanny stream (the Laya River basin) was recorded the biogenic pollution. Totally, insignificant taxonomic changes in zoobenthos structure took place in the lakes and the state of water bodies of the surveyed tundra remains relatively stable.
Influence of Rainfall and Water Deficit in the Efficiency of Potassium Fertilizer on the Productivity of Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.), Grown in Southeastern Côte d’Ivoire
Authors:   Plant Physiology Laboratory, UFR Biological Sciences, Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University, BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire, Konan KOUAME
Published: November 2021

In Côte d’Ivoire, palm oil occupies a preponderant position in agricultural production, in the economy, as well as consumer fats. Yield remains low, even with improved plant material being popularized whose productivity is estimated at more than 25 tons/ha/year. Trials have been set up in La Mé and Ehania (South-east Côte d’Ivoire), to help improve oil palm productivity, through a comparative study of the efficiency of potassium fertilization applied according to the locality. The experiments were conducted in Fisher blocks, including 5 treatments and 4 repetitions. The treatments included 5 doses of potassium fertilizer (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) corresponding, respectively, to 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5; 3 kg KCl/tree/year. The results showed that the rainfall recorded in the locality of Ehania was significantly higher than that of La Mé. The average annual rainfall was 2000 mm of water in Ehania against, approximately, 1700 mm of water in La Mé. The yield and its components (weight of the bunch and number of bunches) were gradually improved according to the locality of cultivation by the different doses of fertilizer applied. This improvement was significantly higher on the Ehania plantation compared to that of La Mé. This improvement was approximately 30% and 27% compared to the standard dose of 1 kg KCl/tree/year, respectively, in Ehania and La Mé. It appears that the locality intervenes in the efficiency of potassium fertilizers, in the improvement of yield and its components. Rainfall appears, as, a main factor of productivity observed on the plot of the oil palm. Strict compliance with the choices of suitable areas, combined with reasoned potassium fertilization, will allow a better expression of the production potential of new oil palm plant material, currently being popularized.
Technologies for the Production of Machine-Building Composite Polymer Materials and Coatings Working in Contact With Raw Cotton
Authors:   Doctor of Technical Sciences, Prof., Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Honored Scientist of Uzbekistan, Scientific Director of the State Unitary Enterprise ", Negmatov Soyibdzhan Sodikovich ,   Fan va Tarakkiyot",   of the Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov. Uzbekistan. Tashkent city.
Published: November 2021

Based on numerous analyses of the research results, a technology was developed for obtaining the developed composite thermosetting polymer coatings based on thermosetting polymers-epoxy oligomers ED-20, FAED-20 and FEIS-30 plasticizer, dibutyl phthalate, polyethylene polyamine hardener and industrial waste and organomineral ingredients, as well as a technology for applying antifriction-strength composite polymer coatings for machine-building purposes on metal surfaces of products of various machines and mechanisms.
Crisis Management in Education: A Comparative Study of Handilng Covid 19 in a Speecial Needs and a Standaridise School in Greece
Authors:   National Technical University of Athens, Greece, Tsagdi Sofia Tsagdi
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic is an emergency of an unprecedented scale, bringing new challenges and severe changes in the schools in Greece. The Ministry of education had to guarantee that learning would be safeguarded as well as impose several measures to mitigate the effects of this unfamiliar situation. Different strategies were followed regarding special needs schools and standard schools. The aim of this article is to investigate how satisfactory the measures were considered by parents and teachers of both schools. Moreover, we seek to explore if the trust of the stakeholders of education was increased or whether it was a lost opportunity to enhance trust among parents, teachers, and the Ministry of Education. For the purpose of our study, we delivered questionnaires among the teachers and parents of both schools as well as conducted semi-structured interviews with the headmasters of the school units. Also, a rigorous and extensive study of the orders issued by the Ministry was done. Our article concludes with several points that need to be taken into consideration in moments of crisis and suggestions on what could be done to alleviate problems in similar times of crisis.
Influence of Organisational Based Self-Esteem on Assertive Behaviour among Government Workers in Ekiti State
Authors:   Department of psychology & Behavioural Studies Faculty of the social sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria, Temitope Bankole Emmanuel
Published: November 2021

This study investigated the influence of organizational based self-esteem on assertive behaviour among government workers in Ekiti State. The study made use of a total number of one hundred and ninety-six (196) participants across government organizations in Ekiti State who were randomly selected. The sample comprised of Male 115 (58.7%) and Female 81 (41.3%). Organizational based self-esteem (OBSE) was measured with a 10-item survey developed by Pierce, Gardner, and Dunham (1989). Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (RAS) was used to measure assertiveness. Three hypothesis were formulated and tested in the study and results shows that there is no significant influence of organizational based self-esteem on assertiveness t(194)=-.717,p>.05, there is no significant influence of sex on assertiveness t(194)=.694,p>.05. Finally, there is no significant age difference on assertiveness t(194)=.694,p>.05. Findings were discussed and it was recommended that assertiveness training or other such techniques may be given to the non-assertive employees to build their self-concept and self-esteem and a longitudinal study may be conducted on large sample to assess the effects of assertive training on assertive behaviour and self-esteem with comparison of the different interventional strategies.
Does Our Every Thought Come From ‘Google’
Authors:   (Ph.D. Research Scholar),Media Education Research Centre (MERC)University of Kashmir- Srinagar, Bakshi Aadil Showkat
Published: November 2021

Talking of a new generation, whenever anyone, anywhere, has a problem, the first thing they almost always do is to look into search engines to find solutions. Instead of looking for how to solve something and puzzling through the solution on their own, people would rather search for a solution that someone else has created. Same attitude is developed by people of almost all fields and ages. For any research purpose, a scholar nowadays seldom spends time with the books or reliable sources. A person always wants to seek readymade answers and overwhelming Internet information--in order to save hard work and efforts. Though, it doesn't mean that one should stop searching for information online. There is an enormous wealth of information online, and it wouldn't be wise to ignore it completely. An attitude needs to be developed where brain uses reliable sources of information rather than picking on already present work. The basic purpose of research is to make an effort to contribute more to what is known about how the Google is adding to the knowledge and affecting the minds. This paper will look how googling everything is affecting the researching skills of a person. To meet the purpose of this paper a questionnaire was devised to collect the responses.
Breast Cancer and Chemotherapeutic Drug Resistance: A Treatment Challenge
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan, Shahjahan Muhammad , Ellahi Babar Masroor ,   The University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Tayyeb Asima ,   School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: November 2021

Breast cancer is a commonly occurring malignancy and leading cause of cancer associated deaths in women globally. It is estimated that 1.7 million new cases (25% of all types of cancers) with 521,900 death in year 2012. There are multiple risk factors associated with breast cancer in women but breast density, genetic tendency, age and estrogen dysregulation are notable. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous ailment caused by common effect of hereditary and ecological variables. Thorough understanding of breast cancer etiology results in the development of molecularly targeted novel therapies. The clinical utility of chemotherapy is based on multiple factors which include tumor size, involvement of lymph node, and presence of hormonal receptors including estrogen, progesterone and HER2. Drug resistance is one of the leading problems in cancer chemotherapy, especially in case of breast cancers. To this end, several ongoing trials are examining novel combinations of drugs that are intended to target key signaling pathways involved in in the progression of disease. These improvements in therapy will potentially overcome drug resistance in breast cancer patients. As well as, identifying other biomarkers and potential drug targets may further lead to develop new chemotherapy combinations that will eventually extend the efficacy of these combine therapies.
A Large Invasive Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Colon: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors:   Assistant Professor of surgery, Department of general surgery, Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran, Zainalpour Adel , Gholizadeh Barmak ,   Student research Committe, Faculty of medicine, Shahid Beheshti university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: November 2021

Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of colon is a rare histopathologic type of colon cancers. In this article we report a case of a large invasive primary colon SCC mass proven by pathologic examinations at rectosigmoid level with extensive adhesions to vasculature and hydronephrosis due to pressure effectson ureter. We excised the whole mass and dissected all para-aortic and pelvic lymph nodes. Patient was referred to oncology ward for further treatments.
Overview of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Public Pipe Borne Water and Its Safety Implications for the Communities in Abuja Metropolis North-Central Nigeria
Authors:   National Office for Technology Acquisition and Promotion, Abuja, Nigeria, Nwaedozie Isaac Madueke
Published: November 2021

Heavy Metals (HM) are relatively dense metal or metalloid noted for its potential toxicity in the environment and these metals appear in the World Health Organization List of Chemicals of public health concern. Long-term exposure to HMs have been linked to slowly progressing physical, muscular and neurological degenerative processes in human that mimic Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, liver and kidney failures as well as alterations in gene expressions. This study assessed the concentration of some HM in public water supply in Abuja Metropolis from 2015 to 2016 with the view to determining its overall percentage compliance with the WHO(2008) recommended limits for drinking water quality . The HMs selected were aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn). A representative water samples from the six locations within the study area were collected and analyzed according to the Standard Methods and Procedures. Sampling regime took place three (3) times in each sampling month from which the monthly and annual mean values were obtained and analyzed statistically. The result indicated the following mean concentrations Al (0.61±0.13mg/l), Fe (0.21±0.06mg/l), Pb (ND), Cr (ND), and Mn (0.03±0.03mg/l). The overall average percentage compliance WHO limits were Al (70.60%, Fe (85%), Pb (100%), Cr (100%) & Mn (91%) respectively. The results revealed that all the selected HMs concentration in the public drinking water within the period were within the WHO recommended aluminum concentration that was slightly above the recommended limit of 0.20mg/l. The study recommended for limit except a substitute of aluminum sulphate in public water treatment and also concluded that the selected HMs concentrations in the public water supply in Abuja Metropolis within the period were in compliance with the WHO quality for safe drinking water and therefore safe for human consumption. However, concern was raised for its aluminum level and possible health implications on long-term exposure particularly the aged population.
Assessment of Bore Whole Water in Oroworukwu Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Rivers State University, Nkpolu–Oroworukwu, P.M.B.5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, OM Akinfolarin
Published: November 2021

Water quality has become a serious issue to economic and social sustainable development, not only because of the imbalance between available scant water resource and dense population, but also the inefficiency of water resources regulation and management. This study is aimed at assessing the quality of borehole water at the study areas and to compare with standards, Water samples were collected from three stations (Mile 1 to 3) at nine points in oroworukwu area of Port Harcourt. Physicochemical parameters were analysed which includes pH, alkalinity, turbidity, temperature, salinity, total dissolved solid, conductivity, chloride, nitrate, and heavy metals. Bacterial analysis done included total coliform count, total fecal count and total heterotrophic bacteria. The results obtained showed a pH ranged of 4.8-5.9 which was below the permissible limit (6.8-7.8) of World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigeria Industrial Standard (NIS). All other physicochemical parameter results were within permissible limits. There were no bacteria detected in the water which indicated that the water was not contaminated. In any case there is a need to treat the water to raise the pH to the acceptable value of WHO and NIS.
Microcystin Exposure Pathways and Human Health
Authors:   School of Health Sciences, Walden University, Minnesota, USA, Melaram Rajesh
Published: November 2021

Microcystins (MCs) are blue-green algal toxins produced by freshwater cyanobacteria. Their environmentally relevant concentrations throughout global surface waters have tampered with human populations’ drinking and recreational supplies. MCs have gained immense public health attention due to their potential health effects. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is the most toxic variant of the MCs. Investigations on MC-LR toxicity and detection in water signify a growing potential environmental health concern worldwide. The World Health Organization established a provisional drinking water guidance value of 1 μg/L and a provisional recreational exposure guidance value of 10 μg/L for MC-LR. This review surveys human MC exposure pathways and integrates epidemiological studies to support MCs’ critical exposure pathways. A discussion on monitoring and mitigation strategies provides a guide for policy development in adopting MCs’ regulatory levels to protect public health.
Nutrient Dynamics Buoy (Ndb) Sensor Data and Calibration Report
Authors:   Engineering Services, Water Science and Technology Environment, Canada, Lisowsky Alex
Published: November 2021

The Nutrient Dynamics Buoy (NDB) is currently based on a multi-parameter sonde with 7 sensors and includes an integrated Nitrate Sensor and a Phosphate sensor. It also includes a reference PAR1 sensor mounted at the water surface as well as a submersible PAR1 sensor that is immersed at 2m below the water surface together with the mult-parameter sonde, Nitrate sensor and Phosphate sensor.
Research on the Design of Postgraduate Management Model at Universities with Geosciences and Environmental Education
Authors:   Information Network Center, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China, Lei YU , Lu XIA ,   School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
Published: November 2021

The traditional postgraduate education management system has some limitations in its functions and mode of development. It is important to ensure that colleges and universities can remain closed without halting instruction during the pandemic prevention and control period. It is essential to solve the problem of delivering instruction and managing teachers and students at universities that offer geosciences and environmental educations of using multiple device types, both on and off campus. In this article, a new concept of postgraduate education management that can be used to cope with the new conditions is proposed, based on the characteristics of similar institutions as well as the complex functional requirements of postgraduate education management. A design for a postgraduate education management system based on the advantages of microservices architecture is discussed as well. The system helps promote the development of high-quality postgraduate educational offerings at universities with geosciences and environmental educations, optimises the soundness of postgraduate education management modes, and effectively ensures the orderly promotion of online teaching and remote management of postgraduates during the prevention and control period of pandemics, thereby promoting the refinement, understanding, and informationization of postgraduate education management systems.
The Importance of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) to Eukaryote from Prokaryote
Authors:   Department of Biology, Institute of Science, Inonu University, Turkey, Karaderi Cennet Canan , Kahraman Hüseyin ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Science, Inonu University, Turkey
Published: November 2021

The increase of human population has caused to accumulation of enormous amounts of non-degradable waste substance in our world [1]. Increased utilize of plastic substance in the domestic and industrial section exceeds which poses critical worry as they are no biodegradable, as a result important problems such as environmental pollution, toxicity to human health. At last years, plenty of emphasis has been given in the way of the improvement of microbial-derived biodegradable polymers manufacture [2].
Antimicrobial Activity of Newer Disinfectant on Multidrug Resistance Organisms in St.lucia
Authors:   Microbiology, Spartan Health Sciences University, Community Health and Research Centre of Spartan, St. Lucia & Country Ambassador for Microbiology to St. Lucia through ASM-American Society for Microbiology, Yaragalla Sambasivarao , Chrysel Dsouza Janice ,   Clinical Sciences & Basic Sciences, Spartan University and ASM International Student Chapter St. Lucia
Published: November 2021

This study was done to observe the effect of disinfectant for their antibacterial activities against multi-drug-resistant (MDR) organisms like Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Klebsiella pneumonia at St. Lucia. Procedures for infection control in hospital environments have not been successful in preventing the rise in infections by MDR pathogens. Pathogens are steadily developing resistance to chemical disinfectants and has been reported worldwide. So prevention of multidrug-resistant health care associated infections (HAI) has become a priority issue and great challenge to clinicians. This requires appropriate sterilization and disinfection procedures and strict adherence to protocol in infection control policy. There is a need to evaluate the efficacy of newer disinfectants which have come into the market for better control of health care associated infections (HAI) [1-4]. The Chemico - a combination of 60% Ethanol with Crude Coconut oil (dodecanoic acid) disinfectant and their activities were measured by estimating zones of inhibition as produced by antibiotic sensitivity method on Mueller-Hinton agar. The results of this research support for the use of Chemico disinfectant to prevent infectious diseases against Multi drug resistance pathogens in the hospital and research lab facilities. However further analysis is required to find out efficacy of disinfectant against enterococcus by increasing concentration.
Solar Cycle, Maunder Minimum and Pandemic Influenza
Authors:   Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology, University of Buckingham, UK, Wickramasinghe N Chandra , Temple Robert ,   History of Chinese Science and Culture Foundation Conway Hall, London, UK
Published: November 2021

We explore the idea that influenza pandemics may arise from the transference of new virions (new sub-types of the influenza virus) of cosmic origin in general accord with the theory of cometary panspermia. Such a transfer process will be modulated by the sunspot cycle and through its role in affecting the interplanetary magnetic field configurations in the Earth’s vicinity. Transfers of virus could take place directly from comets or indirectly from a transient repository represented for instance by the Kordylewski if dust clouds at the L4 and L5 Lagrange libration points of the Earth-Moon system. In either case an active sun appears to be a perequisite for effective transfers. The long remission of influenza pandemics throughout the period 1645-1715, during the Maunder sunspot minimum, might be understood on the basis of our model.
Patient safety awareness and attitude among interns of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Ayesha Abubakar Mitha  , Mahboob Usman
Published: November 2021

Background: Patient Safety (PS) emerging as global health problem. PS attitudes are being assessed worldwide but behaviors and attitudes in young doctors have not been studied in great depth.
Aim: To assess knowledge and attitude towards PS in Foundation Year Trainees (Interns) in a tertiary care hospital.
Method: A cross sectional Survey was applied to 126 Interns of Combined Military Hospital Lahore using Questionnaire (APSQ) in December 2019. The survey was kept anonymous. Statistical analysis was by utilizing SPSS Version 23.
Results: Interns had PS knowledge. Highest domain score was “Attitude to medical error reporting” (53.34 + 7.62) followed by “PS knowledge” (50.88 + 6.85). The lowest domain score was “Attitude to PS Skills” (16.34 + 3.46). Pearson correlations revealed significant correlation between domains.
Conclusion: The study showed that there was prevalence of PS knowledge among interns but limited understanding requiring training.
KEYWORDS: Attitude, patient safety, medical errors, interns
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AIDS-related deaths of children in Larkana district: Act now or regret later.
Authors: Nitik Sharma  , Arsalan Hyder  , Sikander Ali
Published: November 2021

The district Larkana has faced multiple outbreaks in the past decade. AIDS-related deaths of children in the Larkana district since the 2019 outbreak of HIV has increased with the potential to rise even more in the future. This article discusses the stigma associated with HIV in rural areas of Sindh Province and emphasizes ways to promptly deal with these situation.
Continuous...
Outcomes of 27 gauge pars plana vitrectomy for a variety of posterior segment diseases
Authors: Muhammad Amer Awan  , Shaheen Fiza , Kholood Janjua
Published: November 2021

Objective:  To report our experience with 27 gauge (27G) pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) system for a variety of simple to complex posterior segment disorders
Methods: Single center, Retrospective, Cohort study. Data of 665 eyes of 574 patients that underwent 27G PPV for a variety of indications from July 2015 to June 2019 at a tertiary care hospital was analyzed.
Results: Common surgical indications included; Diabetic tractional retinal detachment (196, 29.5%), vitreous haemorrhage (191, 28.7%), full thickness macular hole (80, 12%), epiretinal membrane (66, 9.9%), endophthalmitis (26, 3.9%), tractional diabetic macular edema (14, 2.1%), ectopia lentis (11, 1.7%), dropped lens matter (13, 2%) and others (68, 10.2%). Mean operating time was 62 ± 37 minutes. With the exception of 2 cases where 20G fragmatome was utilized, no case required conversion to 20 gauge system while a 25G trocar was used for the silicon oil injection. Per-operative complications included; iatrogenic retinal tear (2 eyes, 0.3%) and supra choroidal silicon oil migration (1 eye, 0.15%). Post-operative complications were raised IOP (7 eyes, 1%), endophthalmitis (1 eye, 0.15%), hemorrhagic occlusive retinal vasculitis (1 eye, 0.15%) and retinal detachment (2 eyes, 0.3%). Mean Visual Acuity improved from 1.62 ± 0.68 logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) to 0.4 ± 0.38 logMAR (P <0.001).
Conclusion: With 3 months follow up time, 27 G PPV has proved to be a safe and effective system for both simpler and complex retinal pathologies requiring significant surgical manipulation.
Continuous...
Contra homonímia e polissemia: em defesa de uma categoria modal para os verbos modais
Authors: Resende Maurício Sartori
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho discute propriedades morfológicas, sintáticas e semânticas dos verbos modais do português.   Seguindo os pressupostos da Gramática Gerativo-Transformacional, este artigo discorre sobre dois problemas bastante caros à caracterização dos verbos modais, que têm a ver com seu estatuto de homônimos ou polissêmicos.   Reanalisando o caráter “lexical” desses verbos bem como seu caráter “auxiliar”, este estudo defende que há apenas uma única entrada para dever e poder e que suas propriedades estruturais e interpretativas dependem da sintaxe e não do léxico. Para tanto, este trabalho advoga em favor de uma categoria MODAL, não como rótulo descritivo, mas como primitivo da gramática, e mostra quais as consequências teóricas e empíricas dessa proposta.
Da sintaxe ao discurso: língua e ideologia na análise de discursos generificados
Authors: Vinhas Luciana Iost
Published: November 2021

Em abril de 2019, o Presidente da República brasileira, Jair Messias Bolsonaro, fez uma declaração referindo-se ao turismo no país. Com base no dispositivo teórico-analítico da Análise do Discurso materialista, a presente reflexão tem o objetivo de analisar discursivamente esse enunciado, proferido pelo chefe do Executivo brasileiro, observando a forma como o discurso é formulado sintaticamente. Atentamos para a discursivização do gênero, entendendo que gênero e sexualidade são significadas pelo processo de interpelação ideológica, dependente do funcionamento de uma formação discursiva. Percebemos, com a análise, que o enunciado reproduz a violência de gênero a partir de uma formação discursiva conservadora, sendo possível essa observação através de um trabalho sobre a sintaxe que constitui a sequência discursiva em análise.
Entre prestígio e preconceito: a realização do /r/ retroflexo no sul do Pará
Authors: Bazzo Manoella Gonçalves , Rezende Tânia Ferreira
Published: November 2021

Os estudos sobre a variante retroflexa [ɻ] se relacionam ao dialeto caipira (AMARAL, 1920) e à trilha das bandeiras, nas regiões do centro-sul brasileiro. Contudo, estudos indicam a ocorrência dessa variante no norte do Brasil (BRANDÃO, 2007; BAZZO, 2012), fenômeno pouco abordado nas pesquisas sociolinguísticas. Essa discussão se apoia nos resultados da pesquisa de campo, de cunho quali-quantitativa, realizada no município de Redenção – Pará, abordando a realização dessa variante entre redencenses. Embasada na Sociolinguística Laboviana, a pesquisa contou com a participação de 12 coparticipantes, cujos relatos foram transcritos, gerando a materialidade empírica do estudo. Constatamos que parte desses(as) coparticipantes avalia negativamente a [ɻ], associando-a ao contexto rural redencense. Outra parte a associa ao contexto agropecuarista da região. Assim, à [ɻ] é agregado prestígio sociolinguístico, relacionado à proposta de reconfiguração do caipira (AGUILERA; SILVA, 2015), tomando o produtor rural como índice de uma cultura country americana no contexto brasileiro (ALEM, 2005; OLIVEIRA, 2003).
Apresentação
Authors: Butturi Junior Atilio
Published: November 2021

Apresentação v.18 n.3 2021
APRIMORAMENTO DO ENFERMEIRO OBSTETRA NO CENTRO DE PARTO DE UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO ATRAVÉS DA EDUCAÇÃO CONTINUADA : RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Veras Valdiclea de Jesus , Alencar Rosemary Fernandes Correa , Rocha Karla Kelma Almeida , Navia Luciana Cortez , Tavares Paula Belix
Published: November 2021

Introdução: Na década de 90 surge o movimento de humanização do parto e do nascimento, tinha como uma possibilidade reduzir as taxas de cesarianas e, respeitar os direitos das mulheres para tal, uma das estratégias seria inserir enfermeiros obstétricos na assistência para incentivar o parto vaginal implantando práticas baseadas em evidências científicas E assim, o Ministério da Saúde proporcionou condições para que esses profissionais, uma vez inseridas no campo obstétrico, pudessem lutar pela implantação e desenvolvimento das práticas humanizadas. De acordo com pesquisas científicas, o cuidado oferecido por essas profissionais em Centros Obstétricos de maternidades diminuem o uso das intervenções obstétricas, melhoram os indicadores de morbimortalidade materna e perinatal e aumentam a satisfação da mulher com a experiência vivida, indicando a segurança e a viabilidade da atenção ao parto e nascimento nestes locais de nascimento. Objetivo: Relatar a implementação e resultados do projeto de intervenção utilizado como estratégia para aprimorar o conhecimento dos enfermeiros obstetras acerca das técnicas e habilidade, o empoderando com conhecimentos teórico-práticos possibilitando assim transformações na abordagem assistencial deste enfermeiro às parturientes. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de natureza descritiva sobre a experiência de implantação e resultado de um plano de intervenção realizado no período de janeiro de 2017 a dezembro de 2017 no Centro Obstétrico do Hospital Universitário Materno Infantil. Resultados: Percebeu-se que o projeto apontou significativas conquistas relacionadas com a inserção do enfermeiro no trabalho de parto, pois durante as intervenções se registraram ganhos que se traduziram num aumento 47% dos números de partos realizados por enfermeiros obstetras, concomitantemente uma diminuição dos partos cesáreos nesse período conforme demonstra as planilhas mensais do Centro de Parto. Conclusão: Podemos relatar que essa intervenção foi viável, exequível e um excelente estímulo para melhorar a assistência as mulheres de modo integral, empoderando essas parturientes a fim de que sejam protagonistas de seu parto.
ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO NO MANEJO DO CATETER VENOSO CENTRAL TOTALMENTE IMPLANTÁVEL
Authors: Souza Victor Calebe de Oliveira , Oliveira Lauro Cesar De
Published: November 2021

Introdução: O avanço tecnológico na área médica e, em especial, na terapia via endovenosa, propiciou o uso de materiais como o cateter totalmente implantado. Trata-se de um procedimento invasivo e maior risco de complicações, onde exige-se um Enfermeiro treinado com habilidade técnica-científica para realização da punção do cateter, prática comum em instituições de saúde na especialidade de onco-hematologia. A utilização de cateteres intravasculares para administração de medicamentos, fluidos, derivados sanguíneos, suporte nutricional e monitorização hemodinâmica, constitui-se num dos importantes avanços tecnológicos nos tratamentos de longa duração, porém a implantação e utilização dos mesmos podem acarretar riscos, especialmente os eventos infecciosos graves que elevam os custos hospitalares e colocam em risco a vida dos pacientes. Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo é descrever as ações do enfermeiro no manejo do cateter venoso central totalmente implantável. Material e método: foi utilizado revisão literária, com busca em referências bibliográficas, artigos científicos, teses e dissertações, de abordagem quantitativa, no qual procurou - se analisar os dados com todo material adquirido. Resultado : A partir da revisão da literatura realizada pode-se concluir que o enfermeiro possui fundamental importância no manejo do Cateter Venoso Central Totalmente Implantado (CVC-TI), visto que todas as medidas são privativas com intuito de evitar contaminação pelo manuseio do cateter ou pela microbiota do paciente, portanto o manejo correto do CVC-TI irá prevenir diretamente a redução de riscos ao pacientes portadores desse dispositivo. Conclusão : Pode-se concluir que o enfermeiro tem como atribuição exclusiva a manutenção do cateter venoso central totalmente implantado, isto é, o emprego da técnica adequada e capacitação, contribuirá para aumento a vida útil do dispositivo promovendo conforto ao paciente, por meio de cuidados específicos, evitando eventos adverso, portanto devendo manter-se atualizado para prestar uma assistência segura para os pacientes onco-hematológicos.