bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Running up that hill? – Zur Rolle der Schweizerischen Nationalbank beim geplanten Public Liquidity Backstop im Rechtsvergleich zu EZB und Eurosystem
Authors: Manger-Nestler Cornelia , Schneidenbach Clara
Published: February 2025

Im Frühjahr 2023 erschütterte die drohende Insolvenz der schweizerischen Großbank Credit Suisse den eidgenössischen Finanzplatz und Kapitalmarkt, wobei größere Schockwellen letztlich wohl nur durch die rasche Übernahme durch die UBS abgewendet werden konnten. Der „Preis“ dafür waren unbesicherte Liquiditätshilfe-Darlehen der Schweizerischen Nationalbank (SNB) in Höhe von 200 Mrd. €, teilweise durch eine Ausfallgarantie des Bundes gesichert. Damit kam die Realität den Plänen des Bundesrates zuvor, der eine staatliche Liquiditätssicherung (sog. Public Liquidity Backstop, PLB) im Bankengesetz (BankG) festschreiben wollte. Durch die Ereignisse befeuert wurde zugleich die ohnehin kontroverse Debatte um den Einsatz von Liquiditätshilfen, die die Finanzstabilität zu sichern suchen, dafür aber womöglich eine Gefährdung des Mandats der Zentralbank sowie deren aufgabenbezogener Unabhängigkeit in Kauf nehmen. Der Beitrag nimmt dieses Spannungsfeld zum Anlass und setzt sich rechtsvergleichend mit der Reichweite der Unabhängigkeit von SNB und EZB auseinander. Damit wird das Ziel verfolgt, Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen der aktuellen (und zukünftigen) Rechtslage in der Schweiz im Vergleich zu EZB und Eurosystem herauszuarbeiten, um daraus mögliche Leitplanken für die Einführung eines PLB in der Schweiz zu deduzieren.
Exploring the convergence of tradition and modernity: The educational tourism potential of Suzhou oil-paper umbrella craftsmanship
Authors: Jiang Xiao Cong , Luo Tian Yang
Published: February 2025

Suzhou oil-paper umbrellas, as a significant part of China’s intangible cultural heritage, exemplify the harmonious integration of nature and art through their intricate craftsmanship. These umbrellas are not only functional objects but also cultural symbols, reflecting centuries of traditional skills in bamboo frame making and oil-paper production. However, the preservation of these techniques faces critical challenges, including an aging artisan population, a lack of successors, and insufficient integration of local industries with cultural heritage protection efforts. The current approaches to safeguarding these crafts often focus on superficial aspects, neglecting the core techniques of bamboo processing and paper-making. This editorial considers the cultural value of Suzhou oil-paper umbrella craftsmanship, identifies the challenges in its preservation, and explores revitalization strategies through educational tourism. The research employs a comprehensive analysis of the cultural significance, current preservation efforts, and potential for sustainable development. The main contribution of this study lies in highlighting the potential of educational tourism as a vehicle for cultural heritage conservation and local economic development, providing a framework for the sustainable revitalization of this unique traditional craft.
Pistachio shell powder as an additive in molded pulp products
Authors: Fereidooni Leila , Morais Ana Rita C. , Venditti Richard , Kropat Marcel , Shook Jeff , Shiflett Mark B.
Published: February 2025

Molded pulp products (MPP) products can accommodate a variety of fiber types and additives, including agricultural residues. This work showed the industrial scale production of molded pulp food trays made of double lined kraft clipping fibers with the addition of pistachio shell (PS) powder at levels from 5 to 30 wt% and evaluated the mechanical and barrier properties of the trays. The PS powder used to make the trays was ground using an impact mill and a cryo mill to a D50 of approximately 50 microns. Tray compression strength was tested to simulate the wrapping of food trays with plastic wrap. Additionally, the tray material’s basis weight, thickness, density, tensile strength, short span compressive strength, and absorptiveness were determined. The results showed that compared to the control tray sample, the trays containing the cryo-milled pistachio powder had essentially the same engineering properties as the control trays without PS. For the trays made with the impact-milled powder, the tensile strength, bending resistance, and compressive strength increased relative to the control 11.3%, 6.2%, and 13.5%, respectively. The study demonstrates a method to evaluate the incorporation of alternative materials into pulp molded products.
Software Security by Design
Authors: Kuliamin Victor Viatcheslavovitch , Petrenko Alexander Konstantinovich , Rudina Ekaterina Alexandrovna
Published: February 2025

Security-by-Design is an important approach to ensure software security and reliability. It has been developing already for more than 50 years, but its principles and techniques are still not well known among wide society of software developers. To make the approach more familiar and popular we need to reestablish its goals and problems, to classify and explain its techniques, and formulate trends of its future development. This paper reformulates the main principles of Security-by-Design, provides some examples of security design patterns and anti-patterns, and also explores relations between the approach and software architecture analysis methods, hardening techniques, and safe programming languages.
The Defender's Dilemma: Are Defense Methods Against Different Attacks on Machine Learning Models Compatible?
Authors: Sazonov Georgii Vladimirovich , Lukyanov Kirill Sergeevich , Meleshin Igor Nikolaevich
Published: February 2025

With the increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) models, more attention is being paid to issues of trust and security in AI systems against various types of threats (evasion attacks, poisoning, membership inference, etc.). In this work, we focus on the task of graph node classification, highlighting it as one of the most complex. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study exploring the relationship between defense methods for AI models against different types of threats on graph data. Our experiments are conducted on citation and purchase graph datasets. We demonstrate that, in general, it is not advisable to simply combine defense methods for different types of threats, as this can lead to severe negative consequences, including a complete loss of model effectiveness. Furthermore, we provide theoretical proof of the contradiction between defense methods against poisoning attacks on graphs and adversarial training.
Gender differences in performance under different evaluation schemes and the leaky pipeline in economics
Authors: ROCHA Fabiana , PEREDA Paula , DIAZ Maria Dolores Montoya , BORGES Bruna , MONTEIRO Gabriel Facundes , KARPAVICIUS Luiza , MATSUNAGA Liz , BRENCK Clara
Published: February 2025

Abstract The leaky pipeline remains a persistent challenge to achieving gender diversity in the economics career. In this study, we contribute to the existing literature by investigating gender differences in academic performance in economics in Brazil in two distinct stages: undergraduate studies and graduate admission exams. We use individual-level data from the national admission exam for economics graduate programs (ANPEC exam) and undergraduate records from the University of São Paulo. Women are less likely to rank among the top 100 ANPEC applicants and perform worse than men in all exam subjects. Meanwhile, we find consistent evidence that female students perform similarly to their male counterparts in undergraduate courses with comparable content to those evaluated on the ANPEC exam. Since the students taking the ANPEC exam were exposed to the same higher education program, after controlling for observable characteristics, we can relate the differences in performance to the exam itself rather than to differences in learning abilities. While we cannot identify the source of the performance gap, as the ANPEC exam and undergraduate grading system vary in terms of stakes, grading scheme, risk, and competitiveness (all of which can potentially affect women and men differently), we argue that our evidence suggests the need to reconsider admission exam designs to address the leaky pipeline in economics.
Comparative morphobiometry of ×Butyagrus nabonnandii (Arecaceae) and its parents, Syagrus romanzoffiana and Butia odorata, in natural vegetation of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Rosa Lurdes Zanchetta da , Almeida Carlos Gabriel Moreira de , Hüther Cristina Moll , Pereira Antonio Batista , Kuhn Sofia Aumond , Cogo Mauricio Ricardo de Melo , Laindorf Bruna Lúcia , Souza Velci Queiroz de
Published: February 2025

Abstract The worldwide cultivation of palm trees has sparked the interest of researchers and the population in general due to their economic, ecosystemic, food, and landscape potential in their areas of occurrence. Among the species of this family in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, ×Butyagrus nabonnandii and its parents, Syagrus romanzoffiana and Butia odorata, stand out. Until recently, ×B. nabonnandii was considered sterile due to the lack of records on seed germination. However, our group recently demonstrated the germination of the hybrids’ seeds from three natural populations in RS, indicating that it is fertile. The present study assessed the vegetative and reproductive morphology and biometry of ×B. nabonnandii and its parents in four natural populations in RS. The hybrid had characteristics common to both parents, in addition to unique ones. The comparative morphological characterization of individuals in natural environments and their parents is necessary to understand patterns of phenotypic variability and distribution of genetic diversity between and within populations and support programs aiming to recover, maintain, and sustainably use these resources.
Offensive Language Detection in Turkish Language by Using NLP
Authors: Kesgin Bekir Furkan , Demirer Rüştü Murat
Published: February 2025

The growing use of social media has increased online harassment, cyberhate, and the use of offensive language. This poses significant challenges for effectively detecting and addressing such issues. Natural Language Processing (NLP) has seen considerable advancements; however, automatically identifying offensive language remains a complex task due to the ambiguous and informal nature of user-generated content and the social context in which it occurs. In this thesis, our goal is to develop methods for automatic detection of offensive language in social media. Multiple classification algorithms, including Multinomial Naive Bayes, Gaussian Naive Bayes, SVM, Logistic Regression, and LSTM, are implemented and evaluated. Key measures including accuracy, F1 score, and AUC score are used to evaluate how well these algorithms work. Results show that the Random Forest Classifier obtains an AUC score of 0.65 and an accuracy of 0.82 without word2vec. On the other hand, LSTM demonstrates a competitive AUC score of 0.78 when compared to the Random Forest Classifier. These findings provide insights into the effectiveness of different algorithms for offensive language detection. The research contributes to the field by providing valuable tools and insights to enhance Turkish language processing and prioritize online safety, particularly in combating cyberbullying and fostering a tolerant online environment. The findings also pave the way for future research endeavors in natural language processing and have practical implications for protecting individuals and promoting a secure online space.
Immediate results of medicine Slavinorm treatment in patients with atherosclerotic arteries diseases of the lower extremities
Authors: Katelnitsky I.I. , Katelnitskaya E.S.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To evaluate the effect of the drug Slavinorm on the immediate results of treatment and to develop a treatment algorithm for patients with diseases of the arteries of the lower extremities of atherosclerotic etiology. Material and methods. The study included 78 patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities, stage IIb of the disease according to A.V. Pokrovsky-Fontein, which were divided into two comparable groups. Patients were monitored from the moment of diagnosis of obliterating atherosclerosis and the start of therapy, and for 3 months. All patients were divided into two groups. In group 1 (38 patients), the treatment method was basic therapy (acetylsalicylic acid, atorvastatin, antihypertensive drugs)+Slavinorm intramuscularly, at a dose of 5 mg, 2 times per week, with a treatment period of 5 weeks (10 doses). In group 2 (40 patients), the method of correcting blood flow was basic therapy (acetylsalicylic acid, atorvastatin, antihypertensive drugs)+pentoksyphylline, according to the National recommendations for the management of patients with peripheral arterial diseases. Results. In patients of the first group, 3 months after the first injection of the drug, there was an increase in pain-free walking distance (PFWD) by 35—40 m in 22 patients (57.89%), in 12 patients (31.58%) there was an increase in PFWD by 15―10 m and in 4 patients (10.53%) without dynamics. According to ultrasound data, in both groups there was a significant increase in ABI from 0.7 to 0.8 (p<0.001) 2 month from the start of treatment. After 3 months, in the group using the drug Slavinorm, the ABI indicator stays at the same level as after 2 months (p>0.05). In the control group, after 3 months there was a decrease in Ankle-brachial index (ABI) from 0.8 to 0.7 (p=0.006). At the same time, 25% of patients in the second group have a level of increase in laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) above 60%, while in the first group this level of increase is minimal, and 75% of patients have an increase in LDF above 120%. The median level in the first group is also 2 times higher than the value of the second group. Conclusion. The inclusion of Slavinorm in conservative therapy helps to improve microcirculation, increase the volume of the microvasculature by 128% and increase the distance of pain-free walking.
Interventricular septum anatomy in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Gurshchenkov A.V. , Moiseeva O.M. , Zaitsev V.V. , Khazov P.A. , Ishmukhametov G.I. , Gordeev M.L.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To develop the classification of subaortic anatomical variants of interventricular septum (IVS) and substantiate its practical significance. Material and methods. A retrospective study included 244 patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (men 40.6%, mean age 56.8±11.6 years) who underwent septal myectomy between 2011 and 2022. The inclusion criterion was dynamic LVOT obstruction with systolic pressure gradient >50 mm Hg both at rest and during stress tests. Patients with valvular, fixed subvalvular and middle ventricular obstruction (terminology according to the AHA/ACC 2020 guidelines) were excluded. IVS anatomy in subaortic zone before septal myectomy was analyzed in each patient according to cardiac MRI. All patients were divided into groups depending on anatomical variants of IVS. We analyzed the incidence of each anatomical variant. The results of septal myectomy were evaluated in patients with various anatomical variants of IVS. Results. There were 8 anatomical variants of IVS in subaortic zone. The incidence of each form in our sample was as follows: variant «0» — 0.4%; variant «A» — 7.8%; variant «M» — 2%; variant «P» — 0%; variant «AM» — 27.5%; variant «AR» — 5.3%; variant «MR» — 0.8%; variant «AMR» — 56.2%. Among 244 patients, we found 5 (2%) cases of insufficient correction with systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve after surgery. All these cases were noted among patients with anatomical variant «AMR». Conclusion. We first proposed a surgical classification of IVS variants in subaortic zone demonstrating the diversity of its structure. This classification is valuable to determine localization of myocardial thickening in a particular patient and evaluate anatomical results of surgery.
Mitral homograft for atrioventricular valve replacement — a problem at the interface of tissue engineering and surgery
Authors: Komarov R.N. , Tsaregorodtsev A.V. , Nuzhdin M.D.
Published: February 2025

The authors analyzed evolution of surgical and bioengineering approach to implantation and preparation of frameless human mitral valve for atrioventricular heart valve replacement. World and domestic experience in solving these problems is reflected. The authors analyze advanced methods in preparation of homografts that have the potential for the highest biocompatibility and rapid repopulation by own tissues.
The impact of prenatal diagnosis on immediate treatment outcomes in newborns with transposition of the great arteries in Kazakh population
Authors: Gorbunov D.V. , Ivanova-Razumova T.V. , Goncharov A.Yu. , Baygalkanova A.I. , Zhanatkyzy A.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To assess the impact of prenatal diagnosis on immediate treatment outcomes in newborns with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) in a head cardiac surgery center of a country with a large territory and low population density. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis included 149 newborns with TGA treated at the National Research Cardiac Surgery Center between 2012 and 2020. Two patients died at the preoperative stage, 147 ones underwent arterial switch surgery. Comparative analysis was carried out in two groups: PreN group (diagnosed prenatally, n=89), PostN group (diagnosed postnatally, n=60). Bemographic, pre-, intra- and postoperative data, as well as immediate outcomes were evaluated: in-hospital mortality (for the entire cohort), 30-day postoperative mortality, morbidity, cumulative morbidity and hospital-stay (for postoperative patients). Results. About 59.7% of newborns with TGA were diagnosed prenatally. Newborns born in Astana (78.7% vs. 6.7%, p<0.001) and arterial switch procedures performed within the first week after birth (41.4% vs. 16.7%, p=0.01) prevailed in the PreN group. In both groups, the following outcomes were obtained: 30-day postoperative mortality 5.6% and 5% (p=0.7), in-hospital mortality 10.1% and 10% (p=0.7), incidence of complications 26.4% and 30% (p=0.7), cumulative morbidity 34.5% and 56.7% (p=0.01), respectively. Length of hospital-stay was similar. Conclusion. Prenatal diagnosis of TGA in a country with large territory and low population density does not affect 30-day mortality after arterial switch surgery and in-hospital mortality in newborns with TGA. However, prenatal diagnosis can favor delivery of children near a cardiac surgery center, contributes to arterial switch surgery in the first week of life and also reduces cumulative morbidity.
Myocardial force and energy consumption as predictors of coronary flow recovery in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Sandrikov V.A. , Kulagina T.Yu. , Gavrilov A.V. , Blagosklonova E.R. , Doroshenko D.A. , Koryachenko A.Yu.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To evaluate the force and kinetic energy expenditure of myocardial contraction in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) before and after restoration of coronary circulation. Material and methods. We examined 48 CAD patients (mean age 62.2±7.4 years) before surgery and 40 healthy subjects (mean age 42.0±3.4 years). In long-term postoperative period (3—6 years), 31 patients (mean age 63.4±5.1 years) were examined. Before surgery, all patients underwent coronarography and transthoracic echocardiography. Data were entered into the database and analyzed offline using EchoPAC workstation (GE). Left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume and ejection fraction (EF) were assessed. Intraventricular flow and pressure gradients, LV volume change (Vol), rate of volume change (dVol/dt) and acceleration (dVol/dt2) were processed in Multivox program as characteristics of contraction force. Myocardial contraction force was assessed considering acceleration of LV volume change. The last one was calculated using vector analysis and intraventricular blood flows throughout cardiac cycle. Results. Results were compared between patients with ischemic myocardial injury and healthy people. LV volume change acceleration may be interpreted as changes in hemodynamic forces developed by myocardium during cardiac cycle. We assessed force changes during cardiac cycle using plots of myocardial contraction along selected directions with fixed cardiac cycle and LV volume change acceleration. Restoration of coronary blood flow in long-term postoperative period was accompanied by 1.3—2 times higher kinetic energy in systole and diastole. The correlation between acceleration and LV EF was evaluated. Conclusion. Assessment of myocardial contraction force in CAD patients is based on volume change acceleration and intraventricular blood flow before and after restoration of coronary circulation. Left ventricular volume change rate and acceleration characterize myocardial force during cardiac cycle. Force estimation is one of the characteristics of myocardial function and can be used as an indicator of coronary flow recovery and normalization of myocardial function.
Endovascular surgery in the treatment of lower limb ischemia
Authors: Chernyavin M.P. , Zakaryan N.V. , Kazantsev A.N. , Belov Yu.V.
Published: February 2025

Chronic lower limb ischemia is one of the most common manifestations of atherosclerotic disease in elderly patients. Undiagnosed ischemia can lead not only to trophic disorders, but also to amputation. Currently, percutaneous minimally invasive surgery is common for these patients. The authors reviewed modern methods of endovascular treatment of occlusive-stenotic lesions of lower limb arteries.
A scoping review of the measurement properties of patient-reported outcome measures specific to esophageal cancer v1
Authors: Crump Trafford , Suarez Nisha , Hegazy Mariam , Amin Samir , Cheruvathur Joshua , Trottenberg Talia
Published: February 2025

This protocol details a scoping review aimed at evaluating the psychometric quality of patient-reported outcome measures specific to esophageal cancer. The study will follow the Cochrane Rapid Review Methods and PRISMA-P 2015 checklist. The expected results of this scoping review are to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the psychometric properties of patient-reported outcome measures specific to esophageal cancer, following the COSMIN guidelines. This will help guide recommendations for the esophageal cancer community.
Collection of protocols related to Article - Proteostasis and lysosomal repair deficits in transdifferentiated neurons of Alzheimer's disease v2
Authors: Chou Ching-Chieh , Frydman Judith
Published: February 2025

A collection of protocols used in the study.
A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR INVESTIGATING THE THERAPEUTIC RESPONSE OF REPAGLINIDE AND METFORMIN IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS
Authors: Haggar Mahamat Saleh Daoussa , Ntaganda Jean Marie , Adoum Adam Hassan
Published: February 2025

In recent decades, several mathematical models of the glucose-insulin system have been developed to study the complications of diabetes and to diagnose and treat the disease by predicting outcomes. However, in this work, we focus on the interaction between two drugs used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes when lifestyle measures alone are insufficient to control blood glucose levels: metformin and repaglinide. Initially, we combine these two treatments using a new approach of a mathematical model of the glucose-insulin system that integrates the effects of these drugs. The model parameters are then estimated using an inverse optimization problem and available data. The response of metformin and repaglinide in type 2 diabetes patients is investigated through numerical simulations. The results show an increase in glucagon and insulin concentrations, as well as a decrease in glucose concentrations in the heart, tissues, and liver. These findings support the mechanism by which repaglinide lowers blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin release from the pancreas, while metformin helps reduce blood sugar by improving the body’s response to insulin.
The role of gene polymorphisms in the development of aseptic instability of knee and hip joint endoprostheses: a review
Authors: Kamenskiy Alexandr Dmitrievich , Don'kina Alexandra Il'inichna , Parakhin Yuri Veniaminovich , Kovtun Olga Grigor'evna , Parshikov Mikhail Viktorovich
Published: February 2025

Aseptic loosening is an actual problem in major joint replacement of the lower extremities. According to modern concepts, the basis of aseptic loosening of joint endoprostheses is long-term inflammation, causing periprosthetic osteolysis. The development of periprosthetic osteolysis and aseptic loosening of endoprostheses can be influenced by various factors, such as gender, age, activity level and others. A number of researchers attribute polymorphisms of genes associated with inflammation, bone metabolism, and others to such factors. Understanding the relationship between certain genetic markers and the development of complications of joint replacement can allow us to better understand the mechanisms of periprosthetic osteolysis and aseptic loosening, as well as predict the development of complications in patients. The paper discusses studies on the role of gene polymorphisms in the development of periprosthetic osteolysis and aseptic loosening.
Evaluation of welded joint cracks by damping analysis in an eddy current testing system
Authors: Rubijanto Juni Pribadi , Rusnaldy Rus , Haryadi Gunawan Dwi , Natalino Gutteres , Raharjo Samsudi
Published: February 2025

Eddy current testing (ECT) has become state-of-the-art among other modern and classic non-destructive tests. It works by monitoring the change in impedance when cracks are present in conductive materials. The injection, detection and target components make up the ECT system. They wirelessly
exchange power via resonating frequencies, allowing for mutual inductance that depends on impedance consisting of inductance, capacitance and resistance (LCR), which in turn determines the damping coefficient of the oscillation in the frequency domain. This study proposes a novel method for
crack detection through damping analysis, which evaluates the damping effect on power transmission between the ECT components. Three identical arc-welded joints on high-strength steel specimens with various crack depths (1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm) were made to be tested. A coaxial helix probe was
used for probing purposes. This work successfully determined the presence of cracks through the damping analysis. The damping data was then used to reconstruct the power exchange’s damping distribution in the specimens. Comparisons with standard ECT experimental data show good agreement,
explaining the correlation between crack occurrence and amplitude increase and revealing a robust relationship between impedance and damping.
Transfer learning-enhanced fault diagnosis for wind turbine main bearings under diverse wind farm conditions
Authors: Zhou Peipei , Wang Longyan , Wang Zilu , Luo Zhaohui , Xu Jian
Published: February 2025

The performance of wind turbines relies heavily on the stability and durability of their main bearings, which endure the unpredictable forces inherent in wind energy fluctuations. Given the heightened risk of faults stemming from this variability, ensuring the reliability of each turbine???s
main bearing under dynamic conditions within wind farms is paramount. To address this challenge, an innovative diagnostic framework, aiming to detect faults in main bearings from their vibration signals and overcome the diverse operating conditions and bearing types encountered in wind farms,
is proposed in this paper. At its core, the framework harnesses the power of pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to extract weight parameters, thereby enhancing the efficiency of feature extraction through transfer learning (TL). To assess the efficacy of this diagnostic approach,
diverse bearing datasets have been meticulously established. These datasets provide a comprehensive evaluation of the framework’s diagnostic accuracy across various scenarios, including bearings of different types and under diverse operating conditions. Furthermore, experimental validation
has confirmed the adaptability and effectiveness of transfer learning strategies across different CNN architectures. This underscores the versatility of the proposed framework in addressing a wide array of diagnostic challenges encountered in wind turbine systems. In summary, the implementation
of this advanced diagnostic framework represents a significant advancement in facilitating intelligent maintenance practices for wind turbines. By promptly identifying and addressing main bearing faults, this approach contributes to the efficient and sustainable operation of wind energy systems.
New Proposal for Seasonal Adjustment of Long Time Series
Authors: Amoroso Cheyenne , García-Martos Carolina , Aneiros Germán , Vilar José A. , Oviedo de la Fuente Manuel , Francisco-Fernández Mario
Published: February 2025

A common task in economics is the seasonal adjustment of time series, which involves removing the seasonal component from the data. Currently, at the National Statistics Institute (Spain), this task is performed using the Tramo-Seats methodology. Nevertheless, the time series currently being processed extend over many years, which complicates the identification of a single reg-ARIMA model that adequately describes the behaviour of the entire series. New general methodologies are suggested to perform seasonal adjustment on long time series that change its structure due to the effect of a certain event, with two identified models and a transition period. The series before and after the event are considered to be modelable using ARIMA models, while the transition period is modeled as a weighted average of the other two events through a time-dependent weighting function.
Demographic Background Prompting Does Not Affect Linguistic Features on LLM-Generated News Texts
Authors: Muñoz-Ortiz, Alberto , Gómez-Rodríguez Carlos , Vilares David
Published: February 2025

We explored if implicit demographic information in prompts for large language models (LLMs) influences the linguistic features of generated text. Two LLMs were prompted to write news articles based on a title and summary, with prompts including demographic details like age, income, or nationality. The models were instructed not to explicitly reference these details. A total of 28,080 articles were generated by varying the demographics and topics.
We calculated various linguistic metrics (e.g., sentence length, type-token ratio) and performed ANOVA, treating linguistic metrics as dependent variables and demographic categories as independent variables. Results indicate that demographic attributes do not significantly impact the linguistic metrics.
Cooperative Game Theory in Machine Learning
Authors: Mascareñas-Pazos A. , Lorenzo-Freire S. , Alonso-Meijide J.M.
Published: February 2025

One of the key challenges in constructing a machine learning model is to select the most relevant features for optimal performance, as too many features can diminish model's effectiveness. This article explores the application of Cooperative Game Theory to facilitate such selection. Specifically, we utilize the Shapley value, a well-known solution in cooperative games. The machine learning model is represented as a cooperative game, where the Shapley value assesses the contribution of individual features to the model's overall performance.
Student Perceptions and Beliefs on the Use of Digital Technologies from an Innovation Experience in an Introductory Linear Algebra Course
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, Bruna Carlos Eduardo Rojas
Published: February 2025

This study addresses a critical gap in mathematics education by examining student perceptions of digital technology integration in an introductory linear algebra course in Chile. Although technology use in higher education is expanding, little is known about how different student groups, such as undergraduate mathematics students and pre-service teachers, engage with these tools in advanced mathematical contexts like linear algebra—a subject essential across Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM) fields but challenging to teach due to its abstract nature. Data from 59 participants were gathered via a questionnaire assessing engagement, perceived benefits, and motivation toward digital tools like SageMath and Canvas Learning Management System (LMS). Reliability analysis and statistical methods, including t-tests, ANOVA, and correlation, were employed to explore group differences and relationships between perceptions and technology use. Findings show that pre-service teachers reported significantly higher motivation (p < 0.001) and perceived greater benefits (p < 0.03) compared to undergraduates. A strong positive correlation (r = 0.71, p < 0.001) was found between perceptions of technology’s professional relevance and engagement with digital tools. This study contributes to understanding how different student cohorts perceive and use technology in linear algebra education, underscoring the need for tailored strategies in technology-enhanced learning environments.
Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Higher Education (HE) for Enhanced Learning and Employability
Authors: Robinson Rachel John
Published: February 2025

The paper conveys a significant expansion to the themed investigation of enhanced learning and employability in Higher Education (HE). Giving an extensive story to nine distinct and focal subjects. These reach from repetitive points, for example, proportions of work and employability, profession arranging, and scrutinizes of employability; through to topical, basic, and ideal contemplations around uniformity, opportunity, and assessment advancement in the age of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The survey will address specialists, experts, scholastics, scientists, and pioneers the same; giving a secret weapon that will assist with creating strategy and practice around here. It is obvious that there remains effective and fiery discussion with respect to employability in Higher Education. Perceiving the requirement for this to be multi-layered, there is a lot of inside the survey that will be useful in supporting people and establishments across the globe to empower student achievement eventually. It’s a timely add for a profoundly of ‘what works’ in employability and higher education.
Challenges and Opportunities of Cooperative Learning in Synchronous Distance Education among Adolescent and Young Adult Learners
Authors: Lestrade Kevin , Lima Laurent , Pansu Pascal
Published: February 2025

With the evolution of distance and hybrid education in recent years, synchronous distance education has gained prominence as a mode of instruction. Recent studies have highlighted the challenges of student engagement in synchronous distance courses and the associated risks of academic disengagement. Consequently, addressing these concerns has become a primary focus within educational research. This paper uses the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method to investigate the impact of cooperative learning methods within synchronous distance education. Our objective was to provide insights into the current state of knowledge, identify gaps in the literature, and offer directions for future research and practice. We also look at the complexities of student engagement and retention in the context of synchronous distance learning, while exploring the potential of cooperative learning strategies to mitigate these challenges. Thanks to its examination of relevant studies, this review contributes to our understanding of effective pedagogical approaches in synchronous distance education from high school through to university, and provides valuable insights for educators and researchers striving to enhance student engagement and academic success in online learning environments.
Exploration and Practice of Cultivating High-Level Talents in Water Environment Monitoring and Treatment through the Integration of Posts, Courses, Competitions, and Certifications
Authors: Yuan Jiajia , Wang Sike , Gao Jingsi
Published: February 2025

With the industrial upgrading and high-quality development of the environmental water industry, the requirements for talents in water environment monitoring and treatment have gradually increased. This paper aims to explore and practice the integrated mode of “posts, courses, competitions, and certifications” related to water environment monitoring and treatment, which combines relevant courses with job demands, vocational skills competitions, and vocational skill level certificates. By analyzing the current status of course teaching, this study is guided by job demands and carries out teaching reforms in terms of course content, teaching methods, and evaluation, aiming to improve students’ comprehensive professional abilities and employment competitiveness. This research provides practical ideas and practical cases for curriculum reform in vocational colleges and is of great significance for improving education quality and meeting the demand for highly skilled talents in the environmental water industry.
The Implications of Homo Neanderthalensis Genome on Homo Sapiens
Authors: Liu Yijui
Published: February 2025

Neanderthals, the closest evolutionary relatives of present-day humans, had been studied mostly based on their physiological traits. In addition, with the emergence of DNA sequencing technologies, the complete Neanderthal genome has been obtained and published. With that comes studies comparing Neanderthal genomes with that of modern humans. These researches revealed Neanderthal’s influences on humans in various ways. This dissertation explores the extent of Neanderthal contributions to modern humans and their physiological influence, demonstrating that Neanderthal-derived genes can have both favorable and adverse effects on humans, depending on the mode of inheritance. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the potential significance of studying archaic hominins in the context of human evolution and medicine.
Paul Wendt’s Scenic Visions of Pomerania’s Past
Authors: Wójcik Bartosz
Published: February 2025

Artykuł zestawia i analizuje pięć utworów scenicznych szczecińskiego pisarza i kupca Paula Wendta (1840–1919): Colberg 1807 (1863), Sidonia von Borck (1874), Ein deutscher Brutus (1880), Die Rose von Thiessow (1893) oraz Arkona (1913). Wszystkie łączy tematyka historyczna – od średniowiecza po XIX wiek – oraz odniesienie do regionu, z którym związany był twórca: Pomorza. Autor popularny za życia, którego utwory sceniczne regularnie wystawiane były na najbardziej prestiżowych scenach w regionie oraz poza nim, dziś jest praktycznie zapomniany. Poza przypomnieniem jego sylwetki i najbardziej charakterystycznych dla niego utworów, artykuł zestawia i analizuje wybrany korpus tekstowy. Przy wsparciu instrumentarium klasycznej hermeneutyki, poszerzonej o akcesoria społecznej historii literatury, możliwe staje się wykazanie przewodniej myśli historycznej Paula Wendta. Dzieje się tak pomimo szeregu pozornych sprzeczności pomiędzy poszczególnymi utworami: konstrukcje narodowe, etniczne, społeczne, kulturowe czy religijne, reprezentowane w niektórych z nich, są pozornie zaprzeczane w innych. A jednak sceniczne wizje przeszłości Pomorza Paula Wendta łączy wspólny mianownik postrzegania przeszłości regionu, silnie zorientowanej na współczesność pisarza.
Slovincians in the Polish Journalism in 1945–1989
Authors: Mastalerz-Krystjańczuk Małgorzata
Published: February 2025

Powojenna publicystyka polska prezentująca losy ludności rodzimej znad jezior Łebsko i Gardno zwanej słowińską, stawiała sobie różne cele. Były okresy całkowitego podporządkowania tekstów wymogom politycznym, ale były też takie, w których ukazywano nawet najbardziej niewygodną prawdę. Jak wiadomo, po wojnie część Słowińców została wywieziona, bądź sama uciekła do Niemiec, część zaś została zatrzymana, jako rzekomy dowód polskości tej części Pomorza Zachodniego. Prezentując czytelnikom elementy ich kultury i tradycji dowodzono, że rzeczywiście Polacy wracają „na swoje”, że termin „Ziemie Odzyskane” ma głębokie uzasadnienie. Sami Słowińcy często stawali się wyłącznie przedmiotem podejmowanych działań. Wprawdzie nie można odmówić niektórym publicystom i działaczom szczerych intencji wspomożenia zgnębionych powojennymi losami autochtonicznych mieszkańców Kluk, ale podejmowane przez nich działania często przynosiły odwrotny do zamierzonego skutek. Mimo wielu prób zbudowania więzi między Słowińcami, a państwem polskim i jego społeczeństwem, w ciągu kilku powojennych dekad opuścili oni rodzinne strony i niemal wszyscy wyprowadzili się do Niemiec. Pamięć o tej niewielkiej grupie ludzi pielęgnowana jest w Muzeum Wsi Słowińskiej w Klukach, a wzbudzające swego czasu tak wiele kontrowersji określenie „Słowińcy”, „słowiński” wrosło w krajobraz tej części Pomorza. Celem tego artykułu jest przybliżenie czytelnikowi niemieckojęzycznemu obrazu ludności rodzimej znad jezior Łebsko i Gardno, jaki polskiemu społeczeństwu rysowała publicystyka lat 1945-1989.
Recomendaciones internacionales del EPU en Chile y Colombia: una mirada desde la seguridad y defensa
Authors: Marín Montecino Pablo Sebastián
Published: February 2025

Chile y Colombia han declarado públicamente en sus respectivos informes de tercer ciclo los compromisos y cantidad de recomendaciones internacionales aceptadas del mecanismo del Consejo de Derechos Humanos de la ONU, denominado Examen Periódico Universal (EPU). De estos informes, se deduce que Chile y Colombia, por un lado, comparten algunas problemáticas en común en lo referido al uso excesivo de la fuerza y, por otro, una preocupación por la forma de abordar el terrorismo. Este estudio se enfoca en efectuar un análisis de las formas que tanto Chile como Colombia han aplicado a las recomendaciones del EPU en estas dos materias y de qué manera esto ha afectado sus visiones y políticas en materia de seguridad.
Regional Aspects of Interaction of Business Groups and Political Parties
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kazakova E.I.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the analysis of the specificity of economic
elite participation in the regional politics. In particular, it considers the
interaction of financial and industrial groups and political parties. This
paper proves not only business’s interesting in such activity, but clear
benefit to parties too.
Advanced Chemical Sensing Technologies for Environmental Monitoring: Developing High-Sensitivity Sensors for Real-Time Detection of Pollutants, Toxins, and Greenhouse Gases to Combat Climate Change
Authors: Ojomo Tolulope
Published: February 2025

Environmental monitoring has become a critical aspect of global strategies to combat climate change and its far-reaching impacts. Traditional detection methods for pollutants, toxins, and greenhouse gases often lack the precision, sensitivity, and real-time responsiveness required to address the escalating environmental challenges. Advanced chemical sensing technologies have emerged as transformative tools, leveraging innovations in materials science, nanotechnology, and artificial intelligence (AI) to provide high-sensitivity and high-specificity sensors. These sensors are capable of detecting minute concentrations of harmful substances in various environmental settings, including air, water, and soil.
This paper provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in chemical sensing technologies, highlighting their applications in real-time detection of pollutants such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter (PM2.5). It examines groundbreaking advancements in sensor materials, such as nanostructured semiconductors, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and graphene-based composites, which significantly enhance sensor performance. Furthermore, the integration of AI-driven algorithms into sensor systems is discussed, showcasing their ability to improve detection accuracy, reduce false positives, and process complex environmental data in real-time.
Key applications of these sensors include air quality monitoring in urban environments, water quality assessment for the detection of heavy metals, and industrial emissions tracking to ensure regulatory compliance. The paper also addresses the challenges of scalability, sensor durability, and environmental interference, proposing future directions for hybrid systems, energy-efficient designs, and global sensor networks.
By exploring the potential of these advanced sensing technologies, this paper emphasizes their pivotal role in mitigating climate change, protecting ecosystems, and supporting sustainable development. Addressing the current limitations and expanding their adoption can significantly enhance environmental monitoring efforts and drive transformative change in combating the climate crisis.
Regulatory Challenges in Protecting Tangail Saree as a Geographical Indication in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Samiur , Bint-E-Basar Kaniz Tania , Tasnim Kazi Sonia , Amin Md Al
Published: February 2025

This research explores the regulatory challenges in protecting a significant Geographical Indication (GI) of Bangladesh, which is the Tangail saree. Using the doctrinal method of legal research and evaluating primary sources of legal research such as the IPR laws of Bangladesh and international IPR instruments, the author conducted this comprehensive research article. The author, through the research, believes that GI protection policies, if properly implemented in Bangladesh, can promote indigenous Tangail sharee’s territorial integrity, build consumer trust, and create opportunities for local producers. However, the existence of cross-border conflicts regarding ownership of Tangail sarees between Bangladesh and  India is creating geopolitical challenges for Bangladesh. So, it is advised that Bangladesh should adopt sui generis GI registration process for Tangail Sharee and amend the GI Act of Bangladesh to inculcate self-registration of GI products. Moreover, diplomatic efforts and bilateral agreements with India can resolve this dispute regarding GI ownership. However, creating bilateral joint platforms and promoting shared GI rights may be a sustainable and peaceful resolution to that dispute. Capacity building of the weavers and local producers of Tangail sarees through educational campaigns will enable them to work towards sustainability of those GIs. Regional cooperation through organizations such as SAARC and SAARC-TPM (SAARC Trade Promotion Network) can boost the regional trade of GI products like Tangail Saree. To maximize profits from the Tangail saree, equitable bilateral approaches should be adopted between India and Bangladesh.
Evolution of Research on School-Based Suicide Prevention Programs: Publication Trends and Emerging Topics (2000-2023)
Authors: Handayani Arri , Dhyah Yulianti Padmi , Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: February 2025

In the recent years, the suicidal cases have been increasing significantly. The high prevalence of suicidal action is observable in adolescents. The programs of suicidal action prevention at schools and higher education become very important to teach because they could suppress the case. This research analyzed the school-based program with the bibliometric method. This research used the bibliometric with the assistance of Vos Viewer version 1.6.19. The researchers also used the search engines, such as Pubmed and crossref. The analysis of the publication distribution showed 115 articles from two search engines. Crossref had more articles than Pubmed. The researchers found five clusters such as suicide prevention, suicide prevention programs, schools, articles, and health care system. Based on the research, the results contribute to the future research development and reference about the preventive program to apply by the future research.