bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SAGD Performance Variability – Analysis of Actual Production Data for 28 Athabasca Oil Sands Well Pairs
Authors: Doan Quang T. , Farouq Ali S. M. , Tan Thomas B.
Published: April 2019

Since the proof-of-concept field testing at AOSTRA's Underground Test Facility (UTF) in late 1980's, the SAGD (Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage) process has been applied for many bitumen recovery projects in Alberta. According to public-domain data, these projects have shown a wide range of recovery performance - ranging from very good to very poor - on basis of actual Oil Rate & Volume, Steam-Oil Ratio (SOR) versus expected and/or nameplate design. SAGD recovery performance in these projects is mainly affected by geological deposits, reservoir quality and operational experience. Numerical modeling has been an important tool in SAGD commercialization development, including being used for production forecasting, evaluation of process operations and enhancements.

This paper first reviews and analyzes actual field production and injection data for 28 Athabasca Oil Sands Deposit SAGD well pairs (WPs). These WPs are from 4 different pads, in close proximity to one another, producing from reservoir of different qualities from Jackfish 1 SAGD project; they have more than 1700 days of history (from first steam to end of July 2013). It is seen that reservoir quality has a considerable (bigger than commonly believed) impact on recovery performance, particularly in terms of thermal efficiency (as measured by SOR) and steam chamber dynamics. Discussion is provided in view of observed field performance vis-à-vis current/common industry practice of field production forecasting and project development planning.

Another important finding from the production data analysis is revealed in the reported gas production behavior, including cumulative volume and trend. It is seen that in many of these 28 WPs, there was considerable ‘extra’ gas (commonly attributed to aquathermolysis) production - up to 20% of total gas produced at the end of approximately 6 years of steam injection. The analysis helps providing some answers to oft-asked questions from field operators about too much production of (sour) gas; it should also help future studies model more closely SAGD gas production, in addition to liquids production.

Based on the analysis of field production data, a numerical model was built and calibrated against production data from 2 of the poorer-performing WPs among the 28 studied. Agreement between simulated and actual Cumulative Oil and SOR was within 10%, after 6 years of operations, on a first-iteration basis. The model was also successful in modeling the gas production behavior.
Active Cooling Method for Downhole Systems in High Temperature Environment
Authors: Gao Wenkai , Liu Ke , Su Yinao , Sheng Limin , Cao Chong , Dou Xiurong , Zhang Lei
Published: April 2019

With the further exploration of oil and gas, we have to search for new resources which buried in deep strata, and most of the deep and ultra-deep wells are categorized in high-pressure/high-temperature (HPHT) wells. The problem of high temperature and the challenge to the existing downhole equipments are becoming increasingly prominent, where the drilling depth is severely restricted. Most of the HPHT or ultra-HPHT wells with reservoir temperature about 175~220°C would be drilled with near-bit measurement and constructed. In such a temperature environment, the conventional measurement while drilling tools with common electronics will experience very high failure rates at these conditions.

There are two ways to deal with the downhole electronics system in HPHT wells. One technique is called the passive cooling, which aims to improve the anti-temperature performance of the components and add thermal insulation materials to the circuit module. In this way, the cost of the instruments would be greatly increased, and the capacity for anti temperature could not be improved indefinitely, especially in HPHT or ultra-HPHT environment for lone period. The other solution is called the active cooling, which commit to the construction of a downhole refrigeration system. The cooling system power by bettery or downhole generator ensures clectronics cabin always under suitable temperature.

According to a large number of research work by scholars worldwide, there are 2 main kinds of downhole active cooling techniques suitable for while-drilling environment. One is thermoelectric based regeneratiove cooling system, and the other technique is based on regenerative cryogenic refrigeration cycle. The thermodynamic cycle and working fluid are key concerns for the refrigeration. While reverse-Brayton cycle contains adiabatic compression, isobaric heat transfer, adiabatic expansion and isobaric heat transfer, so thermoacoustic coolers, stirling cryocoolers, and pulse tube refrigerators can all be suitable solution.

The study from this work demonstrates the active cooling method for downhole systems using in high-temperature environment, and provides a baseline framework for design methods. The preliminary laboratory test and application showed the feasibility of the method.
Imbibition Oil Recovery from the Montney Core Plugs: The Interplay of Wettability, Osmotic Potential and Microemulsion Effects
Authors: Yuan Lin , Dehghanpour Hassan , Ceccanese Ann
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a series of rock-fluid experiments to investigate 1) wettability of several core plugs from the Montney Formation and its correlations with other petrophysical properties such as pore-throat-radius size distribution, and 2) effects of wettability, salinity and microemulsion (ME) additive on imbibition oil recovery. First, we evaluate wettability by conducting spontaneous imbibition experiments using reservoir oil and brine (with salinity of 141,000 ppm) on six twin core plugs from the Montney Formation. In addition, we investigate the correlations between wettability and other petrophysical properties obtained from MICP data and tight-rock analyses. Second, we inject oil into brine-saturated core plugs to arrive at residual water saturation. Third, we perform soaking experiments on oil-saturated core plugs using fresh water, reservoir brine and ME system, and measure the volume of produced oil with respect to time.

We observe faster and higher oil imbibition into the core plugs compared with brine imbibition, suggesting the strong affinity of the samples to oil. The normalized imbibed volume of oil (Io) is positively correlated to the volume fraction of small pores, represented by the tail part of MICP pore-throat-radius size distribution profiles. This suggests that the tight parts of the pore network are preferentially oil-wet and host reservoir oil under in-situ conditions. The results of soaking experiments show that imbibition oil recovery is positively correlated to the water-wet porosity measured by spontaneous brine imbibition into the dry core plugs. Imbibition of fresh water results in around 3% (of initial oil volume in place) higher oil recovery compared with that of brine imbibition, possibly due to osmotic potential. Soaking the oil-saturated core plugs in ME solution after brine or fresh soaking results in 1-2% incremental oil recovery. Soaking the oil-saturated core plugs immediately in ME solution results in faster oil recovery compared with the case when the plugs are first soaked in water and then in ME solution.
Desalination of Oilfield Produced Water Using Electrocoagulation and Reverse Osmosis
Authors: Webb Charles
Published: April 2019

This paper presents the results of a successful field trial using electrocoagulation and reverse osmosis to desalinate oilfield produced water for surface discharge and beneficial reuse near Bakersfield, California. The paper discusses technology selection, pilot test configuration, test results, projected operating costs and reliability, and conclusions.

The field trial was conducted at an oilfield wastewater facility where up to 10,000 barrels per day of produced water containing 3,700 mg/L of TDS (total dissolved solids) was being treated in a series of un-lined ponding basins to remove free oil and solids, and then used to irrigate an area containing salt-tolerant grasses, shrubs, and trees. Due to concerns that local groundwater might be impacted, in 2016 the operator was given two years by regulators to substantially reduce the salt, aromatic hydrocarbon, and boron content of the water, or cease surface discharge.

After a detailed review of options, the operator elected to conduct a 60-day pilot test of a process that consisted primarily of electrocoagulation followed by reverse osmosis to desalinate the produced water and remove aromatic hydrocarbons. Boron removal would be accomplished by use of a boron-specific anion exchange resin downstream of the reverse osmosis membranes.

The pilot treatment system would be designed and installed to comply with the local Regional Water Quality Control Board specifications for surface discharge, herein collectively called the "Effluent Specifications" (Table 1).

In July 2016, the operator started the 60-day pilot test. After an initial commissioning period, the facility demonstrated the ability to safely and reliably treat the produced water to below the limits contained in the Effluent Specifications.
Scabies outbreak investigation in Addet town, West Gojjam Zone, Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017
Authors: Alebachew Habtamu , Mulatu Kebadnew , Worku Mastewal
Published: April 2019

Background

Globally scabies was among the 50 most common infectious diseases, with a point prevalence 0.3%-46% and in terms of morbidity, at 1.5 million disability-adjusted life years. This study investigate and asses risk factors of scabies in Addet Medhanit Alem yekolo temarie in Yilmana Densa district Amhara, Ethiopia, 2017

Methods

Unmatched Case-control study was employed. Fifety five cases from line lists reviewed as per the WHO case definition. Cases were epidemiological linked to previously epidemiological confirmed cases and 118 controls were interviewed with structured questionnaires. Data was entered EPI info version 7 and analyzed by SPSS version 23. Adjusted Odds Ratios and with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated to measure strength of association in multi-variable logistic regression

Results

The prevalence of scabies was 35%. The mean (SD) age of respondents was 16.4(2.785). Out of respondents 110 (63.6%) used river water for daily basis, 36(20.8%) changed their cloth frequently, 105(60.7%) washed their body frequently, 106(61.3%) had at least one scabies infected person in their house. The odds of scabies infection were 2.3 (AOR = 0.436, 95% CI: 0.205-0.929) times lower among frequent changing of cloth, And washing of body with soap and water were 2.17(AOR = 0.461% CI: 0.214-0.993) times lower having scabies infection. Share cloth was 3(AOR = 3.313, 95% CI: 1.536-7.149) times higher having scabies infection. Presence of scabies infected individuals in the family was 6 (AOR = 6.029, 95% CI: 2.071-14.275) times higher to develop scabies infection.

Conclusions

There prevalence of scabies infection was high, less than 15 years age group were most affected. Frequent changing of cloth, frequent use of soap for body wash, sharing of cloth and presence of scabies infected individuals in the family were factors affecting scabies infection. Personal, house hygiene should be strength and avail soap for students should be considered.
Comparison of anesthesia and perioperative analgesia in simulty hernioplasty and abdominoplasty in patients with obesity
Authors: Neimark M. I. , Kiselev Roman V.
Published: April 2019

Justification. Among patients with large postoperative ventral hernias, the most common are patients with varying degrees of obesity. This group of patients presents a certain complexity for anesthesia in connection with a number of anatomical and physiological changes and a high risk of complications in the early postoperative period in connection with which this study was conducted.
Purpose of trial. Study of the influence of various anaesthetic management and perioperative analgesia with simultaneous hernioplasty and abdominoplasty of major postoperative incisional hernia (PIH) in patients with obesity during the perioperative period.
Materials and methods. A randomized trial of 59 patients with a body mass index > 30 kg /m2 was performed. Depending on the type of anesthesia, patients are divided into two groups. In the 1st group (n = 30), the operation was performed on low-flow inhalation of desflurane based anaesthesia in combination with prolonged epidural analgesia (PEA) with ropivacaine, in the 2nd group (n = 29), the operation was performed on low flow inhalation of desflurane anesthesia based in combination with blockade of transverse abdominal plane (TAP) with 0.5% solution of ropivacaine, in the 3rd group (n = 31) the operation was performed under combined anesthesia based of low flow desflurane and opioids as main perioperative analgesic. The indicators adequacy of anesthesia parameters investigated, central and peripheral hemodynamics were monitored neuromuscular conduction, evaluated the efficacy of recovery after surgery and postoperative analgesia quality, postoperative critical incident were studied.
Results. It was found that surgical intervention in low-flow inhalation desflurane anaesthesia based combined with PEA ropivacaine promotes faster recovery after surgery and effective postoperative analgesia and fewer complications in the early postoperative period, which contributed to significantly shorter hospital lengths of stay for patients in group 1 — 82,5 hours (95% CI 76–93,5) compared with group 2 — 94 hours (95% CI 85,5–113) (p = 0,015).
Conclusions. Combined desflurane-based anesthesia in combination with regional methods is an effective method of anesthesia and analgesia in the perioperative period and contributes to faster recovery after surgery and shorter surgical treatment with simultaneous hernio- and abdominoplasty of large (PIH) in obese patients.
Pain syndrome in patients receiving chronic program dialysis
Authors: Spasova Arina P. , Barysheva O. Yu. , Maltsev V. V.
Published: April 2019

The review analyzes the prevalence of chronic pain syndromes in patients on chronic hemodialysis program. The features of the formation of pain are discussed, both during the hemodialysis procedure and in the interdialytic period. We consider methods for assessing chronic pain syndrome, taking into account its specifics, as well as the basic principles of therapy.
Respiratory mechanics and gas exchange during respiratory support in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis depending on the outcome
Authors: Gaigolnik D. V. , Belyaev K. Yu. , Gritsan E. A. , Gritsan Alexey I.
Published: April 2019

Objective. To compare the dynamics of ventilation parameters, mechanical properties of the lungs and gas exchange in the process of respiratory support in patients with a favorable and unfavorable outcome of intensive treatment of necrotic pancreatitis.
Methods. The work is based on the results of a single-center observational study. The results of treatment of 94 patients aged from 25 to 65 years with necrotic pancreatitis complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis are analyzed. All patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (68 patients with severe sepsis), group 2 (26 patients with severe sepsis complicated by septic shock). Within each group, patients were divided into two subgroups: the group of sepsis — patients with a favorable outcome (28 patients) and unfavorable outcome (40 patients), in the group of septic shock — patients with a favorable outcome (5 patients) and unfavorable outcome (21 patients). All patients were treated with complex therapy according to international and Russian guidelines for the treatment of pancreatic necrosis, sepsis, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The evaluation of the mechanical properties of the lungs was performed in patients based on the parameters recorded in the IVL card: F, Vt, MV, PIP, PEEP, CPAP, Clt, Flow.
Dynamic assessment of gas exchange was carried out by continuous monitoring of SpO2, PetCO2, plethysmography and according to gas analysis. The data were recorded in the mechanical ventilation map with the subsequent calculation of some indicators: FiO2, PaO2, PaCO2, pH, AaDO2, PaO2/FiO2.
Results. Patients with necrotizing pancreatitis with a favorable outcome in the process of artificial ventilation of the lungs to ensure sufficient oxygenation during septic shock use significantly higher (by 16.0–18.3 %) levels of PIP and PEEP than in sepsis, as well as more significant disorders of gas exchange in the lungs (by AaDO2 and PaO2/FiO2) compared with sepsis. In sepsis and septic shock with an unfavorable outcome (in comparison with a favorable one), during respiratory support, more pronounced disorders of oxygen status are observed, which indicates the presence of a more severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. In sepsis with a favorable outcome, as opposed to unfavorable, there is a direct correlation between positive changes in oxygen status (PaO2/FiO2) and Vt, PIP, PEEP levels, whereas in septic shock there is no such relationship.
Conclusion. The obtained results allowed us to offer a starting regimen of respiratory support for ARDS in patients with necrotic pancreatitis.
Post-thoracotomy pain syndrome as a risk factor for the development of nosocomial pneumonia
Authors: Khoronenko V. E. , Baskakov D. S. , Malanova Anna S. , Mandryka E. A. , Shemetova M. M.
Published: April 2019

Background. Pain syndrome is the most common complication of thoracotomy. It is the main reason of discomfort in postoperative period and could impair respiratory function.
The aim of the study. The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of PTPS on pulmonary function and postoperative pneumonia rate in patients underwent open surgery on the lung cancer.
Methods. 300 patients were included in the study operated on in our clinic for lung cancer via thoracotomy approach. All patients were randomly assigned to 3 comparable groups according to the method of anesthesia: thoracic epidural analgesia (HEA), n = 100; paravertebral block (PVB), n = 100; intercostal block (IRB), n = 100. On the 3rd day after the operation, the intensity of the pain syndrome was evaluated by VAS and spirometry was performed.
Results. Analysis of the intensity of postoperative pain syndrome showed the superiority of epidural analgesia over other techniques. In patients with pain syndrome with an intensity of more than 30 mm VAS, the FEV1, VC, and chest excursions were significantly lower than in patients with pain up to 30 mm VAS. The development of pain syndrome of more than 70 mm of VAS led to a significant deterioration in VC rate and chest excursion if compare to patients with AHD 31–70 mm of VAS, which increases the risk of infectious complications.
Conclusion. An optimal antinociceptive protection in the perioperative period improves respiratory function and helps to reduce pulmonary complications rate. The method of choice in open thoracic surgery for lung cancer is a combined general anesthesia with a high thoracic epidural block.
RANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI RUMAH SAKIT SUBSISTEM: PENGELOLAAN INVENTORY DAN TRANSAKSI OBAT
Authors: Noerlina Noerlina
Published: April 2019

Hospitals have always manage their supplies used during their operational activities. However, hospitals still have difficulties in raising performance of supply management to optimum standards. This occurs because hospitals still implement a manual supply recording system therefore causing supply information needed to analyse supply management to be inaccurate, time consuming, and thus bigger costs.The purpose of this study is to conduct analysis of the the current hospital inventory system and design an inventory information system. Methods used are bibliography study, analysis method and design method. Analysis method is used to formulate the hospital’s problems. Design method is used to design a new system to solve the said problems in the hospital. The aims to be achieved are reports corresponding with inventory management and medicine transaction and interface that can be used to manage the inventory and medicine transaction. Conclusion is that the new system is expected to facilitate the related party in managing inventory and medicine transaction, and also producing accurate reports.Keywords: design, inventory, pharmacy, hospital information systems
PENGUKURAN RISIKO ASET TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI BERBASIS PBI PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Harahap Rudy M , Subita Marisa Caroline , Octavia Shinta
Published: April 2019

In the globalization era, information technology (IT) plays an important role in the daily corporate operation. However, there are some risks in the IT implementation. To minimize these risks, a corporate should have an IT risk management. The objective of this research is to measure IT asset risks in Indonesia banking sector. The focus of this research is the IT risks, control, and risk mitigation. The research data is processed by Risk Register Table, based on Bank Indonesia Regulation (PBI). The measurement shows the risks trend rate is not too high. However, there is a need to minimize the risks. To minimize the risks, the measurement results could be used. The minimization of IT risks could improve the bank services to its users.Keywords: risk measurement, IT asset risk, Bank Indonesia Regulation (PBI)
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DESIGN AT HUMAN RESOURCES DIVISION
Authors: Yanti Yanti , Moniaga Jurike V
Published: April 2019

The Human Resources Division of a company is a vital division. Most of the time, they perform their work manually, and therefore creating limitations to their capacity. The knowledge contained is very important for human resources development and subsequently for developing the company. In order to manage this knowledge well, the company shall require a knowledge management system. This knowledge management system would be a solution to be used for the company to manage all knowledge contained in that particular division. Phases in designing knowledge managements starts from analyzing knowledge sources of the company, knowledge identification and definition, and determining knowledge goals. Knowledge management systems contain many functions such as collecting, recording and managing the knowledge and sharing this to all related employees easily. The company may also use knowledge management systems to share and inform employees regarding updates of information, news and/or activity regarding the employees themselves. Information from knowledge management systems may also be used by employees to monitor their performance and thereby increasing it. Knowledge management systems may also help employees in their learning activities.Keywords: knowledge management, human resources, employee
INTEGRASI SISTEM INFORMASI PUSKESMAS
Authors: Muljo Hery Harjono , Darmadi Herru
Published: April 2019

The aim of integrating the information system for Community Health Center is to create an integrated information system for managing all data processing between different community health centers, namely district community health centers with village community health centers. Methods used in integrating community health center information system are Identifying Information Requirements, Identifying System Requirements, Modification of Information System Application Design (integrated), Modification of Information System Application, Application Test, Refining Application, employee training, and the last is implementation of integrated community health center information system. The result of this research is development of integrated community health center information system which in the past is only integrated in the same location, and now integrates between community health centers in different locations. The steps are development of database from local database into distributed and central database; development of admission transaction, clinic data, and pharmacy data modules which makes it possible for synchronization of patient data between distributed database with the central database. Therefore, patient data is still stored in both databases.Keywords: integration, information system, community health center
Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass and its Model Compounds for Fuel Production
Authors: Wang Aiguo , Austin Danielle , Song Hua
Published: April 2019

The heavy dependence on fossil fuels raises many concerns on unsustainability and negative environmental impact. Biomass valorization to sustainable chemicals and fuels is an attractive strategy to reduce the reliance on fossil fuel sources. Gasification, liquefaction and pyrolysis are the main thermochemical technologies for biomass conversion. Gasification occurs at high temperature and yields the gas (syngas) as the main product. Liquefaction is conducted at low temperature but high pressure, which mainly produces liquid product with high quality. Biomass pyrolysis is performed at a moderate temperature and gives a primarily liquid product (bio-oil). However, the liquid product from biomass conversion is not advantageous for direct use as a fuel. Compared to liquefaction, pyrolysis is favorable when the aim is to produce the maximum amount of the liquid product from the biomass. Hydrotreating for bio-oil upgrading requires a large amount of expensive hydrogen, making this process costly. Catalytic cracking of bio-oil to reduce the oxygen content leads to a low H/C ratio. Methanolysis is a novel process that utilizes methane instead of hydrogen for biomass conversion. The feasibility studies show that this approach is quite promising. The original complexity of biomass and variation in composition make the composition of the product from biomass conversion unpredictable. Model compounds are employed to better understand the reaction mechanism and develop an optimal catalyst for obtaining the desired product. The major thermochemical technologies and the mechanism based on model compound investigations are reviewed in the article.
Reynoutria Japonica from Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Source of Competitive Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors for Anticancer
Authors: Zhang Xin-guo , Ma Guo-Yan , Kou Fei , Liu Wen-Jie , Sun Qiao-Yun , Guo Guang-Jun , Ma Xiao-Di , Guo Si-Jia , Jian-Ning Zhu
Published: April 2019

Background:

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an important enzyme in purine metabolism and is known as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of lymphoproliferative disorders and cancer. Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine (TCHM) is widely used alone or in combination with chemotherapy to treat cancer, due to its ability to deliver a broad variety of bioactive secondary metabolites as promising sources of novel organic natural agents.

Objective:

In the present study, 29 varieties of medicinal plants were screened for the presence of ADA inhibitors.

Result:

Extracts from Reynoutria japonica, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Lithospermum erythrorhizon, Magnolia officinalis, Gardenia jasminoides, Stephania tetrandra, Commiphora myrrha, Raphanus sativus and Corydalis yanhusuo demonstrated strong ADA inhibition with rates greater than 50%. However, Reynoutria japonica possessed the highest ADA inhibitory activity at 95.26% and so was used in our study for isolating the ADA inhibitor to be further studied. Eight compounds were obtained and their structures were identified. The compound H1 had strong ADA inhibitory activity and was deduced to be emodin by 1H and 13C-NMR spectroscopic analysis with an IC50 of 0.629 mM. The molecular docking data showed that emodin could bind tightly to the active site of ADA. Our results demonstrated that emodin displayed a new biological activity which is ADA inhibitory activity with high cytotoxic activity against K562 leukemia cells. The bioactivity of cordycepin was significantly increased when used in combination with emodin.

Conclusion:

Emodin may represent a good candidate anti-cancer therapy and adenosine protective agent.
Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery versus Thoracotomy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ye Bo , Wang Ming
Published: April 2019

Background:

Patients undergoing surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are often elderly and have co-morbidity conditions and decreased performance status. Compared with open thoracotomy, video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy is associated with fewer postoperative complications. Despite encouraging results for patients with NSCLC who underwent VATS, the procedure is still not widely accepted, and large retrospective studies have yielded conflicting results.

Objectives:

In video-assisted lobectomy for NSCLC, it has remained controversial whether mediastinal lymphadenectomy can be performed as effectively as an open procedure via thoracotomy. To deal with inherent biases in any non-randomized comparison, we analyzed propensity-matched studies and randomized controlled trials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of VATS and open thoracotomy for NSCLC patients.

Methods:

We collected publications on comparison of VATS versus open thoracotomy for NSCLC patients from 2007 to 2017. All trials analyzed the summary Hazard Ratios (HRs) of the endpoints of interest, including perioperative mortality and morbidity, and individual postoperative complications. Revman 5.3 software was used to analyze the combined pooled HRs using fixed- or random-effects models according to heterogeneity.

Results:

A systematic literature search was conducted including 15 studies. The results indicated that VATS was associated with lower postoperative morbidity and mortality, and significantly lower rates of prolonged pneumonia, atrial arrhythmias and renal failure.

Conclusions:

Compared with lobectomy by thoracotomy, thoracoscopic lobectomy is associated with a lower incidence of major complications, including lower rates of prolonged pneumonia, atrial arrhythmias and renal failure. Lobectomy via VATs may be the preferred strategy for appropriately selected NSCLC patients. The determinants of this advantage should be analyzed to improve the safety and outcomes of other thoracic procedures.
Downregulation of TdT Expression through Splicing Modulation by Antisense Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA)
Authors: Montazersaheb Soheila , Kazemi Masoumeh , Nabat Elahe , Nielsen Peter E. , Hejazi Mohammad S.
Published: April 2019

Background and Objective:

Antisense oligonucleotides are able to modulate splicing patterns and offer therapeutic intervention for cancer and other diseases. Considering TdT potential as a target in cancer therapy, the present study aimed to investigate splicing alteration of TdT pre-mRNA in Molt-4 cells using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) octaarginine and cholic acid conjugates.

Method:

We examined 16 mer PNAs targeting 5' and 3' junctions of intron 7 and addressed their mRNA splicing modulation effects using RT-PCR analysis. We also tested corresponding 2-base mismatch PNAs to confirm the sequence specificity. In addition, protien level of TdT, apoptosis induction and cell viability rate were analysed.

Results:

PCR analysis showed that full match PNAs could modulate the splicing process, thereby producing a longer mRNA still including intron 7. PCR results also implied exon 7 skipping. In addition, reduced level of TdT protein in Molt-4 cells was observed. Downregulation of TdT level in PNA treated cells was accompanied by an increased rate of apoptosis and decreased the level of cell survival.

Conclusion:

PNA-mediated splicing modulation can specifically downregulate TdT expression. TdT dowregulation results in apoptosis induction and reduced cell survival in Molt-4 cells. These observations could draw more attentions to develop PNA based strategies for TdT suppression and consequent apoptosis induction in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Hypertension in Metabolic Syndrome: Novel Insights
Authors: Katsimardou Alexandra , Imprialos Konstantinos , Stavropoulos Konstantinos , Sachinidis Alexandros , Doumas Michalis , Athyros Vasilios
Published: April 2019

Background:

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by the simultaneous presence
of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia in an individual, leading to increased
cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. It affects almost 35% of the US adult population, while its
prevalence increases with age. Elevated blood pressure is the most frequent component of the syndrome;
however, until now, the optimal antihypertensive regiment has not been defined.

Objective:

The purpose of this review is to present the proposed definitions for the metabolic syndrome,
as well as the prevalence of hypertension in this condition. Moreover, evidence regarding
the metabolic properties of the different antihypertensive drug classes and their effect on MetS will
be displayed.

Method:

A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify data from clinical
studies for the prevalence, pathophysiology and treatment of hypertension in the metabolic syndrome.

Results:

Hypertension is present in almost 80% of patients with metabolic syndrome. The use of
thiazide diuretics and b-blockers has been discouraged in this population; however, new evidence
suggests their use under specific conditions. Calcium channel blockers seem to exert a neutral effect
on MetS, while renin-angiotensin system inhibitors are believed to be of the most benefit, although
differences exist between the different agents of this category.

Conclusion:

Controversy still exists regarding the optimal antihypertensive treatment for hypertension
in MetS. Due to the high prevalence of hypertension in this population, more data from clinical
trials are needed in the future.
Are Reactive Oxygen Species Important Mediators of Vascular Dysfunction?
Authors: do Vale Gabriel T. , Tirapelli Carlos R.
Published: April 2019

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are reactive derivatives of oxygen metabolism. The
ROS generation can be mediated by distinctive enzymatic systems including NADPH oxidases. The
components of this enzyme are expressed in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, adventitial
fibroblasts, and infiltrating monocytes/macrophages. Oxidative stress is a molecular dysregulation
in ROS generation/elimination, which plays a key role in the development of vascular dysfunction
in distinctive conditions including hypertension. It is characterized by vascular inflammation, a
loss of NO bioavailability and endothelial dysfunction. Considering that oxidative stress is a key
mediator of vascular dysfunction, antioxidant therapy with classic antioxidants seemed to be a
promising alternative for the treatment of vascular diseases. In this sense, some commonly used
drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)
inhibitors or angiotensin receptor AT1 antagonists showed antioxidant effects that might have contributed,
at least in part, to the beneficial effects of these drugs on the treatment of cardiovascular
diseases. The effectiveness of these drugs shows that ROS are in fact important mediators of vascular
dysfunction and that angiotensin II plays a critical role in such response.
Synthesis ofβ-Ketosulfone Derivatives As New Non-Cytotoxic Urease InhibitorsIn Vitro
Authors: Iqbal Sarosh , Khan Ajmal , Nazir Rashid , Kiran Shumaila , Perveen Shahnaz , Khan Khalid M. , Choudhary Muhammad I.
Published: April 2019

Background:

Peptic ulcer and urolithiasis are largely due to infection caused by ureaseproducing bacteria. Therefore, the discovery of urease inhibitors is an important area of medicinal chemistry research.

Objective:

The main aim of the work was to identify novel urease inhibitors with no cytotoxicity.

Method:

During the current study, a series of β-ketosulfones 1-26 was synthesized in two steps and evaluated for their in vitro urease inhibition potential.

Results:

Out of twenty-six compounds, seventeen have shown good to significant urease inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging between 49.93-351.46 µM, in comparison to standard thiourea (IC50 = 21 ± 0.11 µM). Moreover, all compounds found to be non-cytotoxic against normal 3T3 cell line.

Conclusion:

This study has identified β-ketosulfones as novel and non-cytotoxic urease inhibitors.
Manajemen layanan perpustakaan universitas pascaunifikasi perguruan tinggi di perpustakaan Universitas Nurul Jadid Paiton Probolinggo
Authors: Rifa'i Moh , Amin Muhammad Fahrizal
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan manajemen layanan perpustakaan universitas di perpustakaan Universitas Nurul Jadid Paiton Probolinggo meliputi perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan. Jenis Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam, observasi lapangan, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang diterapkan adalah model Miles dan Huberman dengan menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi data. Dengan uji keabsahan data melalui kredibilitas dengan teknik triangulasi sumber. Penelitian ini berfokus pada keadaan sebenarnya yang terjadi di perpustakaan Universitas Nurul Jadid setelah unifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perpustakaan Universitas Nurul Jadid masih pada taraf perpustakaan berkembang diukur berdasarkan visi dan misinya. Perencanaan perpustakaan Universitas Nurul Jadid sudah memadai secara prosedur dan syarat pembuatan visi dan misi. Pengorganisasian masih belum berstandar perpustakaan universitas karena SDM tidak lulusan linear dan belum tersertifikasi. Pelaksanaan masih ditemukan kendala sarana prasarana. Sedangkan pengawasan belum maksimal karena tidak dilakukan sesuai prosedur yang telah ditetapkan. Post unification university library services management in the library of Universitas Nurul Jadid Paiton Probolinggo AbstractThis research is aimed to describe university library service management in the library of Nurul Jadid University Paiton Probolinggo included planning, organizing, actuating and controlling. This study using descriptive qualitative method. Data collection technique is using depth interview, range observatory, and documentations. Technic of data analysis is using Miles and Huberman models; data reduction, data presentation, data conclusion, and verification. From data credibility taken from triangulation data source. This study focuses on the natural setting in the library at Nurul Jadid University after unification. The result of this study indicates that library Nurul Jadid University is still in developing library level based on its vision and mission. The planning of library Nurul Jadid University is already adequate in procedural and requisite. The organization is still not standardization university library because human resources of its library are not from the linear subject and still not certification. The actuating found constraints on facilities and infrastructures. While supervision is not maximal because it is not carried out according to the prescribed procedures.
Teachers professional management through teachers working group in Aceh Province
Authors: AR Murniati , Usman Nasir , Husen Muhammad , Irani Ulfah
Published: April 2019

This study aims to describe the implementation of teachers management professional development through the Teachers Working Group. This study is a mixed research conducted in ten districts /cities spread in Aceh Province, involving 37 Elementary Schools. The subject in this study include core teacher, teachers, chairman of the KKKS (Principal Working Group), as well as education offices chosen by purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews, observation and documentation. Qualitative data analysis carried out by the procedure or steps such as data reduction, data display, and verification. The results showed that: (1) Profile of KKG in general consists of the components: (a) the legal basis, the name, position, and the nature of the organization, (b) the vision, mission, and futuristic goals, (c) membership, management and organizational structure, (d) Basic budget, and (e) the facilities and infrastructure for KKG; (2) the implementation of KKG is done through the regular and development activities; (3) The obstacles encountered in the implementation of KKG include: (a) inadequate facilities and infrastructure are inadequate, (b) financing needs to be improved, (c) the motivation of teachers is still low, (d) the principal supports to include teachers in routine activities are lacking due priority school activities, and (e) the support of local government and education authorities on the development of KKG is still lack; while (4) KKG development management evaluation done with the steps: (a) the supervision and monitoring, evaluation, and feedback.
Rapid Response Teams’ Initiative: Critical Role and Impact on National and Eastern Mediterranean Regional Emergency Management Capacity Building (Preprint)
Authors: Araj Rawan , Odatallah Ali , Mofleh Jawad , Samy Sahar , Ben Alaya Nissaf , Alqasrawi Sultan
Published: April 2019

UNSTRUCTURED

Rapid response teams (RRTs) are essential to contain the harmful effects of emergency situations and to coordinate actions in the fragile environment of the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR). The Global Health Development and the Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network (EMPHNET) implemented RRTs to fill the human resources gap and to enable the member states to build their capacity in rapid assessment and response to public health events to reduce human suffering. To build the capacity of the member states in the field of rapid response and to build a strong team of rapid response specialists at the regional level, EMPHNET implemented this initiative at 2 levels. The first was a basic regional RRT course (July 2012). It was an introductory course for the selected candidates to provide insight and to enhance the knowledge and skills needed to be part of an RRT. The training included 32 participants from 9 EMR countries. The course was designed to allow the facilitators and selection committee to select 15 to 20 potential candidates for the advanced RRT course. The second was the advanced RRT course (September 2010 to October 2012) for training the trainers and preparing the RRTs for deployment. A series of RRT training workshops were held, with more than 650 health staff from 12 countries trained. In all workshops that were conducted during 2016-2017, the trainees showed significant improvement in their knowledge and skills.
Peningkatan Kesadaran terhadap Cagar Budaya di Kotabaru Melalui Kegiatan Jelajah Wisata Heritage bagi Generasi Muda di Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Prihantoro Fahmi
Published: April 2019

Kotabaru is one of the cultural heritage areas in the city of Yogyakarta which has a high degree of vulnerability to destruction because it is in the central business district. On the other hand, one of the conservation eﬀorts depends on the level of public awareness to preserve it. The younger generation has the potential to support the preservation of cultural heritage. One of the ways is by increasing the awareness of the young generation towards cultural heritage. This activity aims to increase the cultural heritage awareness of the Yogyakarta younger generation in the Kotabaru Cultural Heritage Area. The method is done by means of heritage adventure. The results of this activity show that the level of knowledge and awareness of participants increasing after participating in the activity. They know the history, the characteristic of the building and the conservation eﬀorts. Awareness of cultural heritage is obtained when visiting the Museum Sandi as a form of implementation of preservation and utilization of cultural heritage properly. =================================================================Kotabaru merupakan salah satu kawasan cagar budaya (KCB) di Kota Yogyakarta yang memiliki tingkat kerentanan yang tinggi terhadap perusakan karena berada di kawasan pusat bisnis. Di sisi lain, upaya pelestarian, salah satunya, tergantung pada tingkat kesadaran masyarakat untuk melestarikannya. Generasi muda merupakan kelompok yang berpotensi besar dapat mendukung upaya pelestarian cagar budaya. Salah satunya yaitu dengan meningkatkan kesadaran generasi muda terhadap cagar budaya. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran generasi muda di Kota Yogyakarta terhadap cagar budaya di Kawasan Cagar Budaya Kotabaru. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan kegiatan jelajah wisata heritage. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan dan kesadaran peserta meningkat setelah mengikuti kegiatan tersebut. Mereka mengetahui sejarah, bentuk bangunan, dan upaya pelestarian yang dilakukan. Pemahaman kesadaran tentang cagar budaya diperoleh ketika mengunjungi Museum Sandi sebagai bentuk implementasi pelestarian dan pemanfaatan cagar budaya dengan baik.
Effect Use of Two Chemical Compounds Sodium Nitrate and Sodium Silicate as Corrosion Inhibitor to Steel Reinforcement
Authors: Mohammed Sarah kareem
Published: April 2019

Corrosion of steel reinforcement is one of the biggest problems facing all countries in the world like bridges in the beach area and marine constructions which lead to study these problems and apply some economical solutions. According to the high cost of repair for these constructions, were studied the effect of using kind of chemical compounds sodium nitrite(NaNO2) and sodium silicate(Na2SiO3) as corrosion inhibitors admixture for steel bars that immersed partially in electrolyte solution (water + sodium chloride in 3% conc.) (Approximately similar to the concentration of salt in sea water). The two inhibitors above added each one to the electrolyte solution at concentrations (0.5%, 1% and 2%) for both of them.

     The results were  corrosion rate for steel sample that's immersed partially in salt solution was higher than corrosion rate of steel bar that's immersed partially in electrolyte solution with inhibitors  also the two corrosion inhibitors (sodium nitrite and sodium silicate) that added to the electrolyte solution were working successfully to prevent and inhibit the corrosion by using weight loss technique with best percent of 0.5% sodium nitrite ( efficiency 94.1% ) and best percent of 2% sodium silicate ( efficiency 92.5%).
Optimization Drilling Parameters of Aluminum Alloy Based on Taguchi Method
Authors: Haleel Aseel Jameel
Published: April 2019

This paper focuses on the optimization of drilling parameters by utilizing “Taguchi method” to obtain the minimum surface roughness. Nine drilling experiments were performed on Al 5050 alloy using high speed steel twist drills. Three drilling parameters (feed rates, cutting speeds, and cutting tools) were used as control factors, and L9 (33) “orthogonal array” was specified for the experimental trials. Signal to Noise (S/N) Ratio and “Analysis of Variance” (ANOVA) were utilized to set the optimum control factors which minimized the surface roughness. The results were tested with the aid of statistical software package MINITAB-17. After the experimental trails, the tool diameter was found as the most important factor that has effect on the surface roughness. The optimal drilling factors that minimized the surface roughness are (20mm/min cutting speed, 0.2 mm/rev feed rate, and 10mm tool diameter).