bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ênio Silveira: edição, repressão e redes de sociabilidade
Authors: Castro Ana Caroline Silva de
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo analisa um processo formado no Superior Tribunal Militar contra editores do livro “Fundamentos da Filosofia”, do soviético marxista Afasaniev, em especial Ênio Silveira, diretor da editora Civilização Brasileira. A metodologia de análise primou pela criação de duas categorias que se evidenciaram na leitura sistemática dos documentos oficiais: o papel do livro e a figura do editor. A rede de sociabilidade em que Ênio Silveira estava inserido também é analisada através da leitura de cartas trocadas com outros intelectuais.
Informação pró-ativa na valorização dos direitos fundamentais garantidos pelo Estado de Direito
Authors: Haswani Mariângela Furlan
Published: April 2024

A carta constitucional da maioria dos países latino americanos define o Estado como democrático de direito e, portanto, tutor dos direitos fundamentais (individuais, sociais e difusos) dos seus cidadãos. A informação pró ativa e amplamente disseminada do Estado se constitui em garantia desses direitos, especialmente aqueles de preservação da vida.  A publicidade estatal, portanto, deveria ser positivada nas constituições como garantia dos direitos fundamentais, conforme se trata no artigo.
A Democracia defendida pela Folha de São Paulo e o governo Hugo Chávez (2002-2005)
Authors: Salgado Tiago Santos
Published: April 2024

O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de fazer um breve levantamento acerca da cobertura do jornal brasileiro Folha de S.Paulo sobre a Venezuela e o então presidente Hugo Chávez durante os anos de 2002-2005. Neste sentido, foi feito um levantamento nos editoriais e nas reportagens do jornal objetivando explicitar como este entende a democracia, conceito que defende como melhor forma de governo e única maneira de resolver os problemas venezuelanos, assim como realizar a crítica a liberal democracia.
La salud en los medios de comunicación brasileños: en busa de la superación de las semejanzas entre el local y lo nacional
Authors: Bortoliero Simone Terezinha
Published: April 2024

This article aims to address the "state of art" for research that focus on how health is linked in  the Brazilian media produced in the last decade by the Federal University of Bahia. The results of three surveys addressed: 1) the knowledge of journalists on health and its representation in the newspaper "The Evening" (2008); coverage on the use of human embryos ins stem cell research which culminated in the in the judgment of the direct action of unconstitutionality (ADI 3150), the Supreme Court - STF (2010) in spreading the use of stem cells for the treatment of Chagas disease in Bahia, Bahia bound by the TV and in the newspaper "The Evening" (2006), which showed similiarities despite the use of different methodologies, with other surveys in this field undertaken in Brazil since the 80s. Researchers pioneers of this Bahia thematic point to the need to overcome the biomedical model that pays attention to disease, so that the science among the national media can effectively treat health.
Performatividade e reinvenção: construindo máscaras e desconstruindo hábitos no Bloco dos caretas de Guiratinga, Mato Grosso
Authors: Almeida Claudyanne Rodrigues , Azevedo Maria Thereza Oliveira
Published: April 2024

Desde os rituais antigos, a arte e a atividade de performar estiveram presentes como algo indissociável da vida. No Bloco dos Caretas do carnaval da cidade de Guiratinga, no interior de Mato Grosso, os foliões constroem suas próprias máscaras e fantasias, desconstruindo a personagem habitual e cotidiana ao ultrapassar fronteiras de convenções arraigadas para despertar possibilidades de reinvenção. Os conceitos de performance e performatividade de Richard Schechner e Victor Turner se fazem presentes à medida que encontram ressonância nos eventos extraordinários e extracotidianos.
O choro, a praça e a feira: apropriações do território no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Silva Pedro
Published: April 2024

Este artigo trata das disputas em torno dos modos de ocupação de uma praça pública na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Parte de uma pesquisa inicial sobre a relação entre a música e o espaço urbano, a reflexão se concentra em dois eixos de análise, a partir de dois vetores de forças. O primeiro diz respeito às disputas concretas entre dois grupos de choro, uma de artesanato e gastronomia e os moradores locais. O segundo gira em torno das disputas simbólicas pelo batismo da praça, para a qual se cogitaram vários nomes. Portanto, o artigo procura equacionar em que medida um campo de disputa interpela o outro e influencia nas ações dos múltiplos agentes envolvidos. O objetivo é contribuir para o entendimento das diferentes formas de apropriação cultural e política do tecido urbano, a partir da análise das discussões em redes sociais e através de órgãos públicos.
It's nation time! Jazz, raça e política nos escritos de Frantz Fanon e Amiri Baraka (1950-1970)
Authors: Ribeiro Júnior Antonio Carlos Araújo
Published: April 2024

Neste estudo, examino as concepções de jazz e negritude do filósofo martinicano Frantz Fanon e do escritor afro-americano Amiri Baraka. Para isso, mobilizo dados na bibliografia pertinente, em trabalhos acadêmicos relevantes e em estudos biográficos, tendo como aporte teórico-metodológico a noção de Atlântico Negro (GILROY, 2001 [1993]) e também o suporte de Bourdieu (2004; 2015 [1974]) e Koselleck (1992; 2006 [1979]), a fim de analisar os contextos de cada autor para a formulação de suas noções de jazz e negritude, atentando para os fluxos e refluxos em suas trajetórias intelectuais e ainda os diálogos que estabeleceram com os seus pares. Nesse diálogo, problematizo a relação entre Black Music e identidade negra, dando destaque às disputas políticas e estético-ideológicas em torno da definição da noção de negritude no Atlântico.
Outcomes of Transcatheter Tricuspid Edge-to-Edge Repair in Patients With Right Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Vogelhuber Johanna , Tanaka Tetsu , Kavsur Refik , Goto Tadahiro , Öztürk Can , Silaschi Miriam , Nickenig Georg , Zimmer Sebastian , Weber Marcel , Sugiura Atsushi
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

We assessed the safety profile of tricuspid transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) in patients with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction.

METHODS:

We identified patients undergoing TEER to treat tricuspid regurgitation from June 2015 to October 2021 and assessed tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and RV fractional area change (RVFAC). RV dysfunction was defined as TAPSE <17 mm and RVFAC <35%. The primary end point was 30-day mortality after TEER. We also investigated the change in the RV function in the early phase and clinical outcomes at 2 years.

RESULTS:

The study participants (n=262) were at high surgical risk (EuroSCORE II, 6.2% [interquartile range, 4.0%–10.3%]). Among them, 44 patients met the criteria of RV dysfunction. Thirty-day mortality was 3.2% in patients with normal RV function and 2.3% in patients with RV dysfunction (
P
=0.99). Tricuspid regurgitation reduction to ≤2+ was consistently achieved irrespective of RV dysfunction (76.5% versus 70.5%;
P
=0.44). TAPSE and RVFAC declined after TEER in patients with normal RV function (TAPSE, 19.0±4.7 to 17.9±4.5 mm;
P
=0.001; RVFAC, 46.2%±8.1% to 40.3%±9.7%;
P
<0.001). In contrast, those parameters were unchanged or tended to increase in patients with RV dysfunction (TAPSE, 13.2±2.3 to 15.3±4.7 mm;
P
=0.011; RVFAC, 29.6%±4.1% to 31.6%±8.3%;
P
=0.14). Two years after TEER, compared with patients with normal RV function, patients with RV dysfunction had significantly higher mortality (27.0% versus 56.3%;
P
<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

TEER was safe and feasible to treat tricuspid regurgitation in patients with RV dysfunction. The decline in the RV function was observed in patients with normal RV function but not in patients with RV dysfunction.
Orphan Nuclear Receptor NR4A3 Promotes Vascular Calcification via Histone Lactylation
Authors: Ma Wenqi , Jia Kangni , Cheng Haomai , Xu Hong , Li Zhigang , Zhang Hang , Xie Hongyang , Sun Hang , Yi Lei , Chen Zhiyong , Duan Shengzhong , Sano Motoaki , Fukuda Keiichi , Lu Lin , Gao Fei , Zhang Ruiyan , Yan Xiaoxiang
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Medial arterial calcification is a chronic systemic vascular disorder distinct from atherosclerosis and is commonly observed in patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and aging individuals. We previously showed that NR4A3 (nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3), an orphan nuclear receptor, is a key regulator in apo (apolipoprotein) A-IV-induced atherosclerosis progression; however, its role in vascular calcification is poorly understood.

METHODS:

We generated NR4A3
−/−
mice and 2 different types of medial arterial calcification models to investigate the biological roles of NR4A3 in vascular calcification. RNA-seq was performed to determine the transcriptional profile of NR4A3
−/−
vascular smooth muscle cells under β-glycerophosphate treatment. We integrated Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation analysis and RNA-seq data to further investigate the gene regulatory mechanisms of NR4A3 in arterial calcification and target genes regulated by histone lactylation.

RESULTS:

NR4A3 expression was upregulated in calcified aortic tissues from chronic kidney disease mice, 1,25(OH)
2
VitD
3
overload–induced mice, and human calcified aorta. NR4A3 deficiency preserved the vascular smooth muscle cell contractile phenotype, inhibited osteoblast differentiation-related gene expression, and reduced calcium deposition in the vasculature. Further, NR4A3 deficiency lowered the glycolytic rate and lactate production during the calcification process and decreased histone lactylation. Mechanistic studies further showed that NR4A3 enhanced glycolysis activity by directly binding to the promoter regions of the 2 glycolysis genes
ALDOA
and
PFKL
and driving their transcriptional initiation. Furthermore, histone lactylation promoted medial calcification both in vivo and in vitro. NR4A3 deficiency inhibited the transcription activation and expression of Phospho1 (phosphatase orphan 1). Consistently, pharmacological inhibition of Phospho1 attenuated calcium deposition in NR4A3-overexpressed vascular smooth muscle cells, whereas overexpression of Phospho1 reversed the anticalcific effect of NR4A3 deficiency in vascular smooth muscle cells.

CONCLUSIONS:

Taken together, our findings reveal that NR4A3-mediated histone lactylation is a novel metabolome-epigenome signaling cascade mechanism that participates in the pathogenesis of medial arterial calcification.
Geographic Adaptation of Pretrained Language Models
Authors: Hofmann Valentin , Glavaš Goran , Ljubešić Nikola , Pierrehumbert Janet B. , Schütze Hinrich
Published: April 2024

While pretrained language models (PLMs) have been shown to possess a plethora of linguistic knowledge, the existing body of research has largely neglected extralinguistic knowledge, which is generally difficult to obtain by pretraining on text alone. Here, we contribute to closing this gap by examining geolinguistic knowledge, i.e., knowledge about geographic variation in language. We introduce geoadaptation, an intermediate training step that couples language modeling with geolocation prediction in a multi-task learning setup. We geoadapt four PLMs, covering language groups from three geographic areas, and evaluate them on five different tasks: fine-tuned (i.e., supervised) geolocation prediction, zero-shot (i.e., unsupervised) geolocation prediction, fine-tuned language identification, zero-shot language identification, and zero-shot prediction of dialect features. Geoadaptation is very successful at injecting geolinguistic knowledge into the PLMs: The geoadapted PLMs consistently outperform PLMs adapted using only language modeling (by especially wide margins on zero-shot prediction tasks), and we obtain new state-of-the-art results on two benchmarks for geolocation prediction and language identification. Furthermore, we show that the effectiveness of geoadaptation stems from its ability to geographically retrofit the representation space of the PLMs.
Black soldier fly larvae meal in an extruded food: effects on nutritional quality and health parameters in healthy adult cats
Authors: Bosch G. , Loureiro B.A. , Schokker D. , Kar S.K. , Paul A. , Sluczanowski N.
Published: April 2024

We aimed to evaluate the effects of including black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFL) meal in a dry extruded food on nutritional quality and some health aspects in healthy adult cats. Two dry extruded foods with either poultry meal (control) or 37.5% BSFL meal were fed to eight (3.8-5.2 kg BW; 2.3-y.o.) cats in a cross-over design with two 28-day periods. Food acceptance was recorded throughout the study and samples were collected during the last 7 days of each period for assessment of apparent total tract nutrient digestibility, faecal consistency, fermentation products and microbiota, and blood biochemistry and haematology. Foods were well-accepted and faeces were well-formed with optimal consistency scores. Digestibility values for dry matter, organic matter, nitrogen and gross energy were considered high for the BSFL meal-based food but lower than for the control food (). Unexpectedly, inclusion of BSFL meal had a profound impact on the intestinal microbial activity and composition as illustrated by increased faecal short-chain fatty acids () and biogenic amines concentrations () and reduced bacterial diversity () and shifts in multiple genera (e.g. more Bifidobacterium) in the faeces (). Minor changes in haematology and serum biochemistry parameters were found and deemed not clinically relevant. Overall, this study showed that a BSFL meal-based extruded dry food is readily accepted by healthy adult cats, yields optimal faecal consistency, had suitable nutrient digestibilities and can support their health when fed for 28 days with new leads for impact on feline gut health.
Moving Away, Moving Up, and Moving Back: Gender Dimensions of Social and Geographical Mobility in East Asia
Authors: Song Jing , Jackson Stevi
Published: April 2024

East Asia has witnessed an acceleration of geographical movements and varied patterns of social mobility across the region as economies matured and growth slowed. This special issue builds on the widely recognized gender dimensions of geographical mobility and investigates its relationship with social mobility from a gender perspective, while also recognizing that social mobility, with or without geographical mobility, is gendered. Focusing specifically on women and exploring the interrelationship between social and geographical mobility, we identify three key issues: (1) gendered employment opportunities and obstacles to moving up and around; (2) the interaction between women’s migration/mobility and marriage, motherhood, family roles, and domestic responsibilities; and (3) emerging trends in women’s migration and return migration in relation to social mobility. These issues cast light on the ways in which different forms of geographical and social mobility can either empower women or reinforce gender inequality in East Asian societies.
From Talent to Expertise: Cultivating Medical Sensibilities Among War-Khasis in the Bangladesh–Northeast India Borderlands
Authors: Hölzle Éva Rozália
Published: April 2024

In War–Khasi villages situated at the border between Bangladesh and Northeast India, the local doctors are called nong sumar, or “the one who does the care.” Nong sumar is an inherited profession. Older male relatives who practice medicine pass on their medical knowledge to their younger relatives who demonstrate talent. Talent is a key requirement in transferring the art of healing. Older nong sumars closely observe their kin from childhood for this aptitude. Medical knowledge involving plant-based medicines and different physiotherapeutic techniques is passed on to members of the younger generation who show interest, responsibility, and empathy. However, such a predisposition does not guarantee that novice practitioners will become skilled doctors. To excel as a healer, a nong sumar must cultivate their talent through lifelong learning, which involves experimenting with various plant-based remedies and continuously honing their tactile and auditory senses deemed necessary for successful healing. This study focuses on the lifelong cultivation of medical talent through the accounts of three doctors living in a Bangladeshi War–Khasi village near the Tripura border. It investigates what medical talent means in this context and seeks to understand the type of knowledge that the three nong sumar mobilize during healing. The study argues that healing is not reducible to an encounter between the healer and the patient because such an encounter is merely one aspect of many in a healer’s vocation. During healing, a healer interacts not only with humans but also with non-humans, such as plants. To maintain these relationships, the healer activates and continuously hones various senses. Analyzing these processes provides insights into the constitution of medical knowledge through multiple senses and species.
A taxonomy of regulatory and policy matters relevant to psychedelic-assisted therapy in Australia
Authors: Hatfield Samuel P , Thornton Nicollette LR , Greenstien Kayla , Glozier Nick
Published: April 2024

Objectives:

The Australian government recently rescheduled psilocybin and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine for limited clinical uses. This change has raised various regulatory concerns and challenges for the field of psychedelic-assisted therapy. To provide clarity, we aimed to comprehensively catalogue the matters relating to psychedelic-assisted therapy that are or could be regulated.

Methods:

We conducted a desktop review of the literature and current regulatory sources, semi-structured interviews with professionals who had expertise in fields relating to psychedelic-assisted therapy and a framework analysis to generate a taxonomy of relevant regulatory matters. In relation to each matter, we further identified what type of regulation (if any) currently applies to that matter, any uncertainty as to how the matter should be addressed in clinical practice in the context of current regulation and whether there are conflicting views as to how the matter could or should be further regulated.

Results:

The taxonomy is structured into six main regulatory domains, three of which have a substantial proportion of matters with uncertainty or conflicting views: Service Establishment, Practitioner, and Treatment Delivery. Key examples of such matters include the location of services and facilities required, which professionals are eligible to become psychedelic therapists, and with what qualifications and experience. Matters in the remaining three domains, Patient Evaluation, Drug Supply and Service Oversight, appear by comparison relatively settled, with regulation either well-established or thought unnecessary.

Conclusions:

The taxonomy provides a roadmap for health services establishing and implementing a psychedelic-assisted therapy program, or for government and other policymakers when determining areas that may require further regulation.
People’s Participation and Impact  of Micro Watershed Project: An Analysis of the Beneficiary Farmer’s Perceived Impact of Jalyukt Shivar  of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Chavan Pravin
Published: April 2024

Despite being one of India’s wealthiest states, Maharashtra has the highest number of farmer suicides. Research links farmer suicides to monsoon failure, drought and a lack of social security. To make the state drought-free by 2019, the state government launched the ‘Jalyukt Shivar Scheme’ on 26 January 2015. According to the State Economic Survey 2019–20, the programme has spent ₹9,488 crore on 6.28 lakh works in the 5 years since its inception, has eliminated drought in 19,655 villages, and has stored 26.52 TMC of water. However, regardless of the government’s assertions, experts and non-government organisations question the scheme’s efficacy and scientific validity. After the 2019 state assembly elections, the new Maharashtra Vikas Aghadi Government discontinued the scheme. Nevertheless, examining the scheme’s implementation and effectiveness would shape future policy and watershed project execution. The study has assessed the farmer’s perceived effectiveness of the scheme.

To assess the beneficiary farmer’s perceived impact of the scheme, the Jalyukt Shivar impact assessment scale was developed. Confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha ensured the validity and reliability of the scale. Structural equation modelling shows that public participation is a significant predictor of the irrigation impact of the scheme, and irrigation impact mediates the outcome of agriculture and environmental impact, socio-economic impact and impact on women. The findings reveal that the programme remained a supply-side initiative in the absence of people’s participation. For the watershed project to achieve its goals, the study advocated active public participation at all stages of its implementation.

JEL Codes: Q15, Q18, Q25, Q28, R58
“Skin Markings: Filtering COVID-19 Through Levitical and Black Lenses”
Authors: Grafenreed Mark C.
Published: April 2024

Kemp proposes a “3Ds of Blackness” theory, arguing that White supremacists have racialized the Genesis 4:15 “mark of Cain” to label Black bodies as dangerous, deviant, and depraved. This article offers Levitical and Black perspectives, extending Kemp’s scholarship and societal markings to include “diseased.” Exploring ancient biblical binaries of pollution/cleanness, profaneness/sanctity, defilement/purity, and comparing COVID-19 and its treatment mechanisms to skin diseases in Mosaic law, this article claims that structural racist modalities in the United States today treat Black skin as leprous and use justificatory devices to further this end through mass incarceration, poverty, healthcare, and education to keep Blacks “outside the camp.” Despite the quotidian of the relentless ferocity of these active forces, Blacks can historically and existentially claim the continuum of God’s “deliverance” as a “D” marked upon the diverse melanin-kissed shades of their skin.
Psychometric Support and Measurement Invariance of a Turkish Version of the Transformational Parenting Questionnaire
Authors: Yıldırım Sinan , Sarıkaya Serap
Published: April 2024

Our primary objective in this study was to psychometrically evaluate the Transformational Parenting Questionnaire (TPQ) within the Turkish context. Secondarily, we aimed to determine whether the questionnaire demonstrated measurement invariance across children’s genders and grade levels. We included 950 participants, aged 11–18 years (446 girls, 498 boys, 6 unspecified gender identity; Mage = 14.73, SD = 1.85 years). Confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the original 4-factor structure of the TPQ, and there was satisfactory criterion-related correlational validity between this instrument and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The TPQ exhibited robust internal item reliability coefficients, and respondent’s test-retest correlations over a 15-day interval suggested adequate item response consistency. Importantly, we confirmed measurement invariance of the scale across participants gender and educational grade levels. In summary, we found that the TPQ was a valid and reliable tool for assessing Turkish children’s perceptions of transformative parenting behaviors.
Possible germline mosaicism in a pedigree with Treacher Collins syndrome: A case report and brief review
Authors: Fan Xinmiao , Yang Tengyu , Lu Xiaoping , Chen Yu , Chen Xiaowei
Published: April 2024

Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is a rare congenital craniofacial disorder, typically inherited as an autosomal dominant condition. Here, we report on a family in which germline mosaicism for TCS was likely present. The proband was diagnosed with TCS based on the typical clinical features and a pathogenic variant TCOF1 (c.4369_4373delAAGAA, p.K1457Efs*12). The mutation was not detected in his parents’ peripheral blood DNA samples, suggesting a de novo mutation had occurred in the proband. However, a year later, the proband's mother became pregnant, and the amniotic fluid puncture revealed that the fetus carried the same mutation as the proband. Prenatal ultrasound also indicated a maxillofacial dysplasia with unilateral microtia. The mother then disclosed a previous birth history in which a baby had died of respiratory distress shortly after birth, displaying a TCS-like phenotype. Around the same time, the proband's father was diagnosed with mild bilateral conductive hearing loss. Based on array data, we concluded that the father may have had germline mosaicism for TCOF1 mutation. Our findings highlight the importance of considering germline mosaicism in sporadic de novo TCOF1 mutations when providing genetic consulting, and prenatal diagnosis is important when the proband's parents become pregnant again.
Predicting the topology of braided structures in arbitrarily composite preforms based on yarn interactions
Authors: Li Qiyang , Ji Chengchang , Li Shiyi , Chi Xinfu , Sun Yize
Published: April 2024

The performance of braided fiber-reinforced composites is determined by the braided structure, so yarn spatial arrangement prediction is a crucial step in the manufacturing process of fiber-reinforced composites. This study aims to predict fabric on arbitrary mandrels based on the yarn interactions, especially for mandrels with flat surfaces. An interaction yarn deposition model is proposed to simulate the process of braiding arbitrary-shaped mandrels. A dynamic deposition model is established at the moment of deposition, and a quasi-static equilibrium equation is added to determine the spatial position of yarn interaction points. Post-processing of positional information is performed to obtain the yarn spatial arrangement on the mandrel’s surface. Experiments were conducted using Zhongfu Shenying 12K T700 carbon yarn and Yunlu Composite 176-carrier radial braiding equipment. The experimental results show that the actual fabric exhibits an S-shaped distribution on the flat surface of the mandrel, matching the predicted results of the model.
Agroecology and Political Economy: The Peasant World and the Contradictions of Capital
Authors: Paz Raúl Gustavo
Published: April 2024

This article examines agroecology from a political economy perspective and opens a line for an interdisciplinary approach between economics and ecology. To this end, the logic of capital in capitalist production and in peasant agriculture is analyzed along with its relationship to nature and the land. In this vein, based on the concept of the thing-process duality in capital, an attempt is made to relate the logic of capital to the economic and ecological rationality present in capitalist and peasant agriculture. Using a concrete example, it is shown how ecological rationality, over and above capital, centralizes and corrects productive processes. From this perspective - the workings of its antagonist —agribusiness—is explored, presenting concepts that support the contention that an agroecological movement makes sense in current times.

El artículo examina a la agroecología desde la economía política y abre una línea de aproximación interdisciplinaria entre economía y ecología. Para ello se analiza la lógica del capital en la producción capitalista como también en la agricultura campesina y su relación con la naturaleza y la tierra. En esta línea, a partir del concepto de dualidad cosa-proceso del capital, se intenta relacionar la lógica del capital con la racionalidad económica y ecológica presente en la agricultura capitalista y campesina. A partir de un ejemplo concreto se muestra como la racionalidad ecológica, por sobre el capital, centraliza y disciplina los procesos productivos. Desde esta perspectiva se indaga sobre el funcionamiento de su antagonismo –el agronegocio-, presentando conceptos que permiten argumentar sobre el porqué tiene sentido un movimiento agroecológico en estos tiempos actuales.
Asynchronous filtering for two-dimensional Markovian jump systems with time delays under stochastic communication protocol and hybrid cyber attacks
Authors: Zhang Pan , Zhu Chaoqun , Yang Bin , Wang Zhiwen , Lv Jiaqi
Published: April 2024

The asynchronous filtering problem for two-dimensional (2D) Markovian jump systems (MJSs) under hybrid cyber attacks and stochastic communication protocol (SCP) is the focus of this investigation. To avoid data transmission collisions, only a single sensor can send measurement data through the communication network at each sample shift moment, and the sensor chosen is decided by the SCP mechanism. Besides, the impact of stochastic hybrid cyber attacks on filtering performance is also considered. In the background of hybrid cyber attacks and SCP, an augmented model of 2D MJSs is constructed. Then, a novel asynchronous filter structure is proposed that can simultaneously characterize the MJSs and filter pattern mismatch as well as the mismatch between the actual SCP pattern information and the available SCP pattern information. Then, sufficient criteria conditions are established to ensure that dynamic filtering error systems meet robust H∞ mean-square stability with a certain level of disturbance attenuation. Moreover, the conservativeness of the stability criterion is further reduced by the 2D summation inequality lemma. Finally, an industrial heating exchange process is employed to illustrate the effectiveness of the developed asynchronous filtering algorithm.
Developing internet-based Tests of Aptitude for Language Learning (TALL): An open research endeavour
Authors: Pan Junlan , Marsden Emma
Published: April 2024

Tests of Aptitude for Language Learning (TALL) is an openly accessible internet-based battery to measure the multifaceted construct of foreign language aptitude, using language domain–specific instruments and L1-sensitive instructions and stimuli. This brief report introduces the components of this theory-informed battery and methodological considerations for developing it into an open research instrument. It also presents the preliminary results from the initial validation of TALL carried out on data collected from Chinese L1 participants ( n = 165) from a university setting who took two rounds of tests (with counterbalanced test items) with a minimum 30-day interval. The results of data analyses at subtest, item, and battery levels suggest that, in general, TALL has satisfactory reliability and can be used to measure aptitude conceptualized in the theoretical frameworks on which it has been developed. This report also highlights the value of TALL as a convenient data collection tool openly accessible to any researcher for free, its potential for facilitating an open data pool for high-quality syntheses of aptitude-related research findings, and its implications for Open Research practices in testing language-related constructs.
Effect of C-Mn-Cu on microstructure and properties of wire arc additive manufacturing of high-manganese steels
Authors: Peng Jingjing , Zhang Tianli , Xu Lianyong , Chen Geng , Hu Donghai , Zhu Zhiming , Ma Jianguo , Sindo Kou
Published: April 2024

High-manganese steels, due to their unique combination of strength and elongation, have been widely used in aerospace, petrochemical and rail transportation. However, a prevalent challenge in advancing the utilization of high-manganese steel is the need for corresponding welding consumables. The deformation mechanism of high-manganese steel encompasses three primary mechanisms: martensitic phase transformation, twinning and dislocation movement. The stacking fault energy (SFE) is a critical factor in determining the dominant deformation mechanism in high-manganese austenitic steels. Furthermore, the magnitude of the SFE is principally influenced by the alloying elements present and the temperature at which deformation occurs. Alloying elements can significantly influence the microstructure and mechanical properties of wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) of high-manganese steels. The metal powder-cored wire of high-manganese steel with full austenitic microstructure was designed in this paper. The effects of C, Mn and Cu on the microstructure, solute segregation and properties of WAAM of high-manganese steels were systematically investigated by optical microscopy, electron microscopy and mechanical testing. The influence of SFE on the microstructure characteristics and work hardening behaviour were also studied. The results showed that as an increase of the C content, the tensile strength and elongation of deposited metals were improved. The corresponding low-temperature impact toughness increased at first and then decreased. The highest value of impact toughness was 68.5 J with 0.79%C. As the Mn increased, the strength decreased, the elongation increased and the low-temperature impact toughness value displayed an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease. With the increase of Cu, the yield strength and elongation improved significantly. The tensile strength exhibited a marginal initial increase followed by a decrease, whereas the change was not substantial. In contrast, the low-temperature impact toughness value showed a substantial increase followed by a decrease. The developed M3 wire containing 1.10%C-21%Mn-0.3%Cu possessed the optimum performance (yield strength of 551 MPa, tensile strength of 909 MPa, elongation at break of 30.2%, impact toughness value of 57.5J), with the good mechanical stability and low solidification cracking sensitivity.
‘At the Right Hand of God was Their Soul’: An t-Óglách, the National Army, and Hegemonic Masculinity During the Irish Civil War, 1922–1923
Authors: Traxler Sophia
Published: April 2024

Understandings of masculinities are neither developed in isolation nor are entirely culturally unique but are multifaceted, hierarchal, and adapted throughout history to fit the specific milieu in which they operated. In the context of the Irish Civil War, 1922–1923, the Irish National Army's journal, An t-Óglách, constructed its model of hegemonic masculinity into a complex dual dialectic of anti-colonialist rhetoric and British appropriation. Looking at militarism, linguistics, and athletics, this article argues that An t-Óglách underlined the National Army's engagement in physical force and cultural nationalism as a performance of hegemonic masculinity, with the intent to confer legitimacy onto the National Army as a military and cultural institution in the early years of the Irish Free State.
Who’s Eating Rice? Gay Vietnamese American Men’s Experiences With (Sexual) Racism
Authors: Nguyễn Thuận Phước , Han C. Winter
Published: April 2024

Recent studies on the experiences of gay Asian men demonstrate that members of these groups experience both subtle and blatant forms of racism within lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) communities. This study expands on previous research by examining how gay Vietnamese American men experience racism within the gay community of Southern California, how racism affects members of this group mentally and emotionally, and their responses when facing racism. Based on 17 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with self-identified gay Vietnamese American men living in Southern California, this study found that they experienced racism similarly to other gay Asian men. Race and racism shape the everyday experiences of gay Vietnamese American men through the racial paradox of gay desire as they are either deemed undesirable and rejected as a potential sexual and romantic interest, or they are racially fetishized. However, members of this group do not experience racism passively but actively respond through various acts of resistance and intra-racial and ethnic community-building.
Experimental and numerical investigations of 3D-printed glass fiber reinforced onyx composites with infill patterns
Authors: Nikiema Daouda , Balland Pascale , Sergent Alain
Published: April 2024

The lightweighting of 3D-printed components is achievable by using infill patterns and the ability to adjust their density. In this context, performing a mechanical characterization and numerical simulation of the printed parts is imperative. This manuscript conducts experimental and numerical investigations on 3D-printed composites (onyx/glass fibers) that consider the infill pattern, walls, roofs, and floors of the samples. A numerical homogenization approach was adopted to identify the elastic mechanical parameters of the infill patterns. The results demonstrated the homogenization tool’s effectiveness in predicting the mechanical parameters of the infill patterns. Relationships correlating the infill density and each homogenized mechanical parameter were established, enabling the calculation of each mechanical parameter based on the used infill pattern and its density without reiterating the mechanical homogenization. Regarding the simulation of specimens under tension and flexure, the results indicated that the prediction error of the elastic modulus ranged between 2.87% and 11.84% for tension and between 4.42% and 8.45% for 3-point bending. The simulation of 3D-printed composites, considering all constituent elements of the specimens, allowed for examining stress fields in each element and identifying areas of highest and lowest stress. These findings can contribute to predicting the behavior of 3D-printed composites in the context of addressing engineering problems.
A Study on ChatGPT-4 as an Innovative Approach to Enhancing English as a Foreign Language Writing Learning
Authors: Boudouaia Azzeddine , Mouas Samia , Kouider Bochra
Published: April 2024

The field of computer-assisted language learning has recently brought about a notable change in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing. Starting from October 2022, students across different academic fields have increasingly depended on ChatGPT-4 as a helpful resource for addressing particular challenges in EFL writing. This study aimed to investigate the use and acceptance of ChatGPT-4 in students’ EFL writing. To this end, an experiment was conducted with 76 undergraduate students from a private school in Algeria. The participants were randomly allocated into two groups: experimental group (n = 37) and control group (n = 39). Additionally, a questionnaire was administered. The results showed that the experimental group (EG) outperformed the control group (CG). Besides, the findings revealed that students in the EG in post-test outperformed their pre-test scores. The findings also revealed substantial improvements in the EG’s views of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitudes, and behavioral intention. According to the results, ChatGPT-4 helped boost students' EFL writing skills, which ultimately led to their acceptance. Students appear particularly interested in ChatGPT-4 because of its potential usefulness in putting what they learn about EFL writing into practice. Some suggestions and recommendations were provided.
The double capture of the Danish frigate Tranquebar in 1763
Authors: Izquierdo Díaz Jorge Simón , Mikkelsen Jørgen
Published: April 2024

This article discusses the capture of a single ship in 1763, which involved an unusually complicated sequence of events that illuminates the distinction between piracy and privateering. The vessel in question was the frigate Tranquebar, which belonged to the Danish Asiatic Company – a trading company that, in the years 1732–1772, had a monopoly over Danish shipping in Asia. The episode involving the Danish frigate, which ended up in Portuguese hands after its capture by Maratha ships, raises questions about the nature of piracy and prize law in the context of international relations between maritime powers in times of change.
Examining Reciprocal Relationships Between Boundaryless Career Orientations and Perceived Employability
Authors: Redondo Raquel , Fabra M. Eugenia , Sáenz-Diez Rocío
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the reciprocal relationship between boundaryless career orientations and perceived employability, aiming to expand beyond prevailing unidirectional models in the literature. Utilizing a time-lag structural model with longitudinal data collected three months apart from a cohort of white-collar Spanish workers, the initial sample at Time 1 comprised 261 individuals, primarily females (57%) with an average age of 41.8 years. At Time 2, 134 responses were collected, with 80 from women and an average age of 41.5 years. Findings support a reciprocal link between organizational mobility preference and perceived external employability. A boundaryless mindset appears to precede external employability, though reverse causation is not substantiated in the short term. Both sub-dimensions of a boundaryless orientation are associated with heightened perceptions of external employability but not internal employability. This suggests that managing boundaryless workers should vary based on their career orientation sub-dimensions, providing valuable insights for practitioners and career counselors.
Challenges recruiting and retaining people at risk for HIV who use methamphetamine in a randomized PrEP adherence trial in Seattle, WA
Authors: McMahan Vanessa M , Atkins Dana L , Buckler Smitty , Violette Lauren R , Niemann Lisa , Frank Noah , Kimiam Waters  , Herrera Perales Luis Enrique , Viquez Luis , Tung Elyse , Stekler Joanne D
Published: April 2024

Background

Methamphetamine is associated with increased HIV risk and suboptimal adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Interventions to support PrEP adherence for people who use methamphetamine are needed.

Methods

We evaluated peer navigation to support adherence among people initiating PrEP who use methamphetamine. The HIV Prevention in Methamphetamine Users (HMU!) study enrolled participants from May 2018-January 2022 in Seattle, WA, and followed them for 6 months. Surveys collected sociodemographic, drug use, and sexual behavior data at enrollment, month 3, and month 6. Dried blood spots (DBS) were collected at months 1, 3, and 6 to measure PrEP adherence.

Results

We enrolled 21 participants of a target sample of 40, of whom 20 were prescribed PrEP. Nine participants (43%) received peer navigation and 12 (57%) received standard of care or text messaging. At baseline, most participants reported at least weekly methamphetamine use (17, 81%) and condomless receptive anal intercourse (CRAI) (16, 76%). One-third reported CRAI with a partner with HIV. Among those who provided a DBS, 78% and 50% had results commensurate with ≥4 pills/week at the month 3 and 6 visit, respectively. More than half of those prescribed PrEP completed a month 6 visit (11, 55%). Retention was not associated with peer support compared to standard of care or text messaging ( p = .20).

Conclusions

We enrolled half our target sample size despite extensive recruitment efforts. As expected, participants had challenges with PrEP adherence and persistence. While peer navigation interventions should be studied further, additional interventions are likely needed to support PrEP uptake, adherence, and persistence among people who use methamphetamine.
Implementation of heat transfer techniques for an axial flux permanent magnet generator design
Authors: Kurt Erol , Demirci Mustafa , İlbaş Mustafa
Published: April 2024

Heat transfer problem is explored for a new-designed low power generator. A self-cooling mechanism of the generator is designed and implemented for the forced convection via a fan being on the generator rotor. In addition, air is naturally directed towards the lateral parts of the machine in air gaps between stator and rotors. The designed fan has 16 blades with 65 degrees. The CFD and experimental self-cooling analyses are performed to focus on the flow velocities and temperature measurements. In this study, it has been aimed to compare heat transfers by the natural convection and by the forced convection. For this reason, besides Rayleigh ( Ra), Nusselt ( Nu), Grashof ( Gr) and Reynolds ( Re) numbers, heat transfer terms on the small winding coil, which is important heat source for the generator, are calculated for natural and forced convection. They are also clarified experimentally and theoretically. The heat transfer at 300 rpm varies between 0.04 W and 0.30 W by time for forced convection and varies between 0.21 W and 0.30 W by time for natural convection, whereas, it increases up at 1000 rpm from 0.50 W to 1.49 W by time for forced convection and from 0.02 W to 0.45 W by time for natural convection. It is proven that the proposed cooling system operates efficiently and the proposed self-cooling method can be used for other axial flux machines, too.
Numerical study on the influence of inlet distortion on integrated nacelle fans based on coupling crosswind and angle of attack
Authors: Yu Junyang , Qin Dingding , Guo Chongjia , Sun Peng , Fu Wenguang
Published: April 2024

Crosswind and angle of attack are critical factors that influence the safe operation of civil aviation engines, which are also essential criteria in the certification of civil engine airworthiness. Conducting research on the effects and mechanisms of angle of attack and crosswind on the integrated characteristics and flow field of nacelle and fan holds significant engineering value. In this study, a high-bypass-ratio turbofan engine serves as the research subject, and the influence of crosswind and angle of attack coupling on the nacelle intake and fan components is analyzed using numerical simulations. The numerical research findings indicate that both individual angle of attack and crosswind, as well as their combination, lead to a specific range of total pressure distortion in the inlet. At an angle of attack of 25°, the extent and degree of circumferential total pressure distortion formed on the aerodynamic interface exhibit minor variations under different crosswind inflow conditions. Under two operating conditions involving left crosswind and right crosswind, both characterized by an angle of attack of 25° and a wind speed of 20 m/s, the combined effects of crosswind and angle of attack on the fan and outlet guide vane (OGV) components are mainly concentrated at the blade tip. These influencing factors collectively lead to total pressure distortion in the inlet flow field, resulting in the interaction between tip leakage flow and passage shock waves. At the same angle of attack, there are differences in the impact of total pressure distortion caused by crosswinds in two directions on the fan. Under the same operating conditions, the total pressure distortion induced by the right crosswind has a greater impact on OGV.