bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Syeikh Al-'Uṡaimin’s Views on the Institution and System of Education
Authors: Asari Hasan , Mukti Abdul , Sinaga Sopian , Rahmadi Ali
Published: May 2023

This study aims to examine the educational thinking of Sheikh al-'U'ṡaimin related to educational institutions and systems and their relevance to contemporary Islamic education. The research method used is the character study research method. This research is library research with qualitative type. The research data was obtained from the works of Sheikh al-'U'aimin and the works of others related to Sheikh al-'U'aimin. In analyzing the existing data, an interpretation method is adopted, namely an effort to achieve a correct understanding of the facts, data and symptoms. The final result of this research shows that the Sheikh proposed a new educational pattern formulation. The purpose of education according to the Shaykh is to eliminate the ignorance of students and society in general and obtain happiness in the world and the hereafter and maintain the religion of Allah. The educator is a noble profession that demands good competence and a sense of responsibility for the development of the potential of students. Meanwhile, successful students are those who adorn themselves with noble manners and morals and are consistent in treading the path of the claimant of knowledge. As for the method of education, an educator is expected to have creativity in teaching so that students feel comfortable.
Elderly Tahsin Recitation of Al-Qur'an: Efforts to Eliminate Al-Qur'an Illiteracy
Authors: Arlina  , Enny Nazrah Pulungan  , Nurul Afdina Siregar
Published: May 2023

The tahsin recitation of the Qur'an is an endeavour at Ma'had Abu Ubaidah bin al-Jarrah Medan to eradicate Qur'an illiteracy among the elderly. The activity is in reaction to Indonesia's high degree of Al-Qur'an illiteracy. This study gathered information from key informants and program administrators through a participatory observation approach. Data from the field suggest that senior participants are divided into groups based on their age before participating in a series of Al-Qur'an reading practices with examples of lip motions. Ma'had also offers e-learning services in order to improve learning outcomes. The eradication of Al-Qur'an illiteracy is a response to past socioeconomic conditions that prohibited people from learning to read the Al-Qur'an. These factors may include low economic levels, an unsupportive social context, and a lack of educational understanding.
Autism and faith
Authors: Toth Lina
Published: May 2023

As the title suggests, this issue is devoted to a theme that has become much more prominent in the general public discourse over recent years, yet still lacks sustained attention or an in-depth, creative consideration in the life of the Church as well as in theological thought.
Autism and Church: A reflection
Authors: McDonald Emma
Published: May 2023

This is a reflective piece on the experience of an autistic child and their family in churches over a period of years. It considers a variety of church practices in terms of their encouragement or inhibition of the child’s journey of faith and their experience of welcome, safety, and love. It also draws a contrast between the church practice of welcoming and the experience the autistic child and family have had at one of the centres of the Riding for the Disabled Association, and its very different approaches and ethos held in relation to those who are disabled.
‘Though the earth gives way’: An autoethnographic account of autistic grief
Authors: Ceney Edward
Published: May 2023

Through an autoethnographic account of my mother’s death, I reveal how grief and the desolation it brings the autistic person is vastly different to neurotypical models of grief (such as the Kübler-Ross model) determining when, where and how I was permitted to feel my emotions. Grief takes those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) a greater amount of time to work through, often resulting in periods of meltdown and shutdown (heightened anger and fear) as well as an unawareness of the emotion they are feeling. However, I will also show how parental death can also be transformative, providing a powerful reason to persevere.
TL-532, a novel specific Toll-like receptor 3 agonist rationally designed for targeting cancers: discovery process and biological characterization
Authors: Thierry Sylvain , Maadadi Sarah , Berton Aurore , Dimier Laura , Perret Clémence , Vey Nelly , Ourfali Saïd , Saccas Mathilde , Caron Solène , Boucard-Jourdin Mathilde , Colombel Marc , Werle Bettina , Bonnin Marc
Published: May 2023

Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is an innate immune receptor that recognizes double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and induces inflammation in immune and normal cells to initiate anti-microbial responses. TLR3 acts also as a death receptor only in cancer cells but not in their normal counterparts, making it an attractive target for cancer therapies. To date, all of the TLR3-activating dsRNAs used at preclinical or clinical stages have major drawbacks such as structural heterogeneity, toxicity, and lack of specificity and/or efficacy. We conducted the discovery process of a new family of TLR3 agonists that are chemically manufactured on solid-phase support and perfectly defined in terms of sequence and size. A stepwise discovery process was performed leading to the identification of TL-532, a 70 base pair dsRNA that is potent without transfection reagent and is highly specific for TLR3 without activating other innate nucleic sensors such as RIG-I/MDA5, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9. TL-532 induces inflammation in murine RAW264.7 myeloid macrophages, in human NCI-H292 lung cancer cells, and it promotes immunogenic apoptosis in tumor cells in vitro and ex vivo without toxicity towards normal primary cells. In conclusion, we identified a novel TLR3 agonist called TL-532 that has promising anticancer properties.
A formação do sujeito pesquisador educacional: contribuições da hermenêutica
Authors: Dalbosco Cláudio Almir , Maraschin Renata , Devechi Catia Piccolo Viero
Published: May 2023

O ensaio discute a problemática concernente à formação do sujeito pesquisador diante da exigência de adequabilidade conceitual da pesquisa bibliográfica a partir das contribuições da hermenêutica. Apresenta alguns princípios hermenêuticos que podem servir de referência à formação do sujeito pesquisador no que se refere à interpretação textual e conceitual na pesquisa educacional. Conclui que a pesquisa educacional encontra, na postura hermenêutica, ferramentas conceituais indispensáveis para tomar de maneira mais adequada possível a vulnerabilidade da condição da educabilidade humana.
Bangladeş'te Kira Sertifikası (Sukuk) Uygulamasının İslam Hukuku Açısından Analizi
Authors: ERSHAD UDDIN Ahm , HİRA Ayhan
Published: May 2023

İslâmî bankalar, İslâmî tahviller, İslâmî yatırım fonları, İslâmî sigorta gibi varlıklar açısından İslâmî finans sektörü küresel bir endüstri olarak kabul edilmektedir. 2008'den bu yana küresel finansal kriz tetiklenmiş olsa da bu sektör hem risk paylaşımı hem de kapsayıcılık ve fiilî varlık temelinde küresel olarak büyümektedir. Bangladeş'teki İslâmî bankacılık sektörü de Bangladeş Bankası'nın politik desteği ve güçlü kamu talebi nedeniyle küresel eğilimlere paralel olarak güçlü bir büyümeye tanık olmuştur. Finansman ve yatırım ihtiyaçlarını karşılamayı, kâr ve zararı paylaşmayı içeren yeni bir vizyon getirmek için İslâmî finans, küresel finansal krizden daha az etkilenen bir alternatif olarak görülmeye başlamıştır. İslâmî finansta faiz yasaklanmış, bir kira sertifikası olan sukuk ürünü ise Batı bankacılığındaki tahvile (Bond/bono) mukabil talep edilen bir İslâmî finansal araç olmuştur. Sukuk, kendine has özelliklerinden dolayı birçok ülkede ekonomik koşulların gelişmesi için finansman sağlamak amacıyla kullanılmış ve şu anda dünya çapında en çok konuşulan İslâmî uygulamalardan biri haline gelmiştir. Bangladeş’te de yakın zamanda bu alternatif yatırım aracı kapsamında sukuk ihracına başlanmıştır. İlk olarak 29. Sermaye Piyasası Düzenleme Kurulu 2019 yılında Bangladeş Menkul Kıymetler ve Borsa Komisyonunun (BMKBK ) sukukuna ilişkin bir duyuru yapmıştır. Ardından 2020 yılında hükümet, Maliye Bakanlığı Maliye Departmanından sukuk ihraçları ve yönetimi hakkında bir rehber yayınlamıştır. Ayrıca Bangladeş 23 Aralık 2020'de "Tüm Ülke İçin Güvenli Su Temini" (Safe Water Supply for the Whole Country) adlı bir projeye nakit toplamak amacıyla ilk bağımsız yatırımı olan sukuku çıkarmıştır. Ülkede ilk sukuk ihalesi 28 Aralık 2020'de gerçekleştirilmiş, İslam hukukuna uygun birçok özelliklerinden dolayı tüm İslâm âlimlerinin dikkatini çeken bu müzayedeye konvansiyonel bankalar, İslâmî bankalar ve diğer otuz dokuz finans kuruluşu katılmıştır. Söz konusu gelişmelerin izini süren ve Bangladeş özelinde alanında öncü olan bu araştırma, sukuk kavramını ve türlerini inceleyerek Bangladeş'te sukukun piyasaya çıkışını ele almakta, İslâm âlimleri tarafından sukuk uygulamasına İslâm hukuku perspektifinden yapılan itirazları konu edinmekte ve ülkedeki İslâmî bankacılık yasalarının mevcut durumunu tartışmaya açmayı hedeflemektedir.
Taste the rainbow: A review of color abnormalities affecting the herpetofauna of the British Isles
Authors: Allain Steven , Clemens David , Thomas Oliver
Published: May 2023

Over the years, the terminology in regards to the abnormal coloration of reptiles and amphibians has become more complex with not all authors in agreement regarding the different terms. This, combined with the diversity of chromatic abnormalities, has led to some confusion, particularly between hobbyists and conservationists who tend to use different technical jargon. In this review, we aim to tackle this issue by explaining how color within the skin of amphibians and reptiles arises, and evaluating which terminology should be used. This information will then be used to explore each of the known chromatic abnormalities observed in amphibians and reptiles before summarizing the known cases throughout the British Isles. Finally, we also present a number of previously unrecorded instances of color abnormalities in the hope that it promotes further examples to be recorded.
Satisfaction
Authors: Thiago Fernando , Lemos Paquito Bruna , Gonçalves Caroline , Maciel Wilson Ravelli Elizeu
Published: May 2023

This article aims to determine the extent to which job satisfaction and justice at work influence the turnover intention of public transport workers. The power of job satisfaction and justice to predict the turnover intention was studied in employees of a public transportation company in Corumbá, Brazil, and measured using the following validated instruments: Scale of Job Satisfaction, Scale of Perception of Distributive Justice, Scale of Perception of Procedural Justice and Turnover Intention Scale. The article reports a quantitative descriptive study that uses the survey technique. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and measures of central tendency. Participants were found to be more satisfied with their colleagues, their boss and the nature of the work, and less satisfied with salaries and promotions. In terms of turnover intention, the survey showed an average result. The data on justice at work showed that distributive justice was perceived more positively than procedural justice. Correlation analysis revealed that job satisfaction and justice were significantly correlated with turnover intention. These results indicate that employees’ intention to leave the company where they work decreases as job satisfaction and the perception of justice at work increase.
Collecting supernatant from C. elegans culture and lyophilizing supernatant v1
Authors: Zaka Asif Muhammad
Published: May 2023

This protocol describes day 5 of our workflow to grow worms in liquid culture to induce the production of natural products (in this case, 1-HP derivatives). In this protocol, we get an approximate count for the number of life-stage synchronized worms exposed to the toxin, and we collect the supernatant, which contains 1-HP and its derived metabolites. After collecting the supernatant, we freeze and lyophilize it to prepare for extraction.
Retro-orbital injection of AAV in mice v1
Authors: Chuapoco Miguel
Published: May 2023

This protocol is following:
AAV DNA library generation v1
Authors: Ravindra Kumar Sripriya
Published: May 2023

This protocol describes how to generate a DNA library of AAV capsid variants diversified by insertion of a randomized sequence encoding 7 amino acids between AA588 and AA589 of AAV9.
Rodent intracerebroventricular AAV injections v1
Authors: Chuapoco Miguel
Published: May 2023

This abstract outlines the procedure for AAV injections into the lateral ventricle of C57BL/6J mice (intracerebroventricular injections)
Cloning individual AAV capsid variants v1
Authors: Ravindra Kumar Sripriya
Published: May 2023

This protocol describes the procedure to clone individual AAV capsid variants for single variant characterization.
CD34+ Cell RNP Nucleofection v2
Authors: A Kuppers Daniel
Published: May 2023

Human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are a standard source of cells for clinical HSC transplantations as well as experimental xenotransplantation to generate “humanized mice”. To further extend the range of applications of these humanized mice, we developed a protocol to efficiently edit the genomes of human CD34+ HSPCs before transplantation. In the past, manipulating HSPCs has been complicated by the fact that they are inherently difficult to transduce with lentivectors, and rapidly lose their stemness and engraftment potential during in vitro culture. However, with optimized nucleofection of sgRNA:Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes, we are now able to edit a candidate gene in CD34+ HSPCs with almost 100% efficiency, and still be able to generate a humanized mouse with high engraftment and multilineage differentiation.
Dependence of corn kernel strength on moisture
Authors: Poghosyan Vladimir M. , Mechkalo Andrew L. , Poluektov Aleksandr A.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:Moisture has an essential role at threshing of breeding material of corn, as when mois-ture is too low (material is dry) shattering of corn seed takes place while threshing and seed material becomes inapplicable to use, whereas increased moisture leads to underthreshing and microtraumas, invisible to the na-ked eye, that significantly reduces germination of the breeding material.
AIMS:To define dependence of corn kernel strength on moisture, to carry out an experiment to identify kernel fracture force.
METHODS:In this study the analysis of scientific researches, made by such scientists as G.K. Takoev, M.G. Golikov and N.S. Buddo who established dependences of corn shattering while corn cob threshing on corn moisture was carried out. The experimental data on study of corn kernel strength with various moisture at threshing by the Rostselmash NOVA 330 and the Claas Mega 370 combine harvesters is presented in the arti-cle and obtained with use of an oscillograph. Corn moisture has a significant impact on cob threshing quality. The scheme of the screw press, used for defining kernel fracture force, is shown in the article.
RESULTS:It is established that productive capacity of corn threshers reduces with increase of kernel moisture in cobs, leading to complication of threshers design. The experiments revealed that the kernel of the Krasnodarsky 425 MV hybrid corn with the moisture of 18.21% can withstand the average load of 108 N, whereas with the moisture of 29.28% the fracture force reduces to 90-100 N.
CONCLUSIONS:With the analysis of the obtained experimental data and after plotting corresponding graphs, it is proved that kern strength increases with corn kernel moisture decrease from 30% to 17%.
Estimation of fuel efficiency of wheeled and tracked tractors at sunflower cultivation
Authors: Kosenko Vyacheslav V. , Godzhayev Zahid A. , Potapov Pavel V. , Goryunkov Mikhail P.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:Tracked tractors have known advantages in comparison with wheeled tractors, such as better traction characteristics, higher drawbar efficiency and lower negative effect on soil. There-fore, the comparison of their operational and technological characteristics, especially during operation at sunflower cultivation, with the wheeled tractors currently used for this purpose is a relevant problem.
AIMS:To analyze the per-hectar fuel consumption at the whole range of field operations of the sun-flower cultivation for the Agromash-90TGA tracked tractor, suitable for all the field operations of the sunflower cultivation including inter-row operations, and the MTZ-1221.2 and the MTZ-82.1 wheeled tractors.
METHODS:The carried-out analysis was based on the typical sunflower cultivating farm in Saratov Region, where the MTZ-1221.2 and the MTZ-82.1 wheeled tractors are used. First of all, the attachments and operation modes of wheeled tractors at the sunflower cultivation were defined. Then, the traction analysis of the MTZ-1221.2 wheeled tractor at stubble, the MTZ-82.1 wheeled tractor at the field pre-pared for sowing and the Agromash-90TGA tracked tractor at both fields was performed. The attach-ments and operation modes for the Agromash-90TGA tractor were defined on the basis of the analysis results. Finally, performance per shift, per-hectar fuel consumption and total fuel consumption at the whole range of field operations were calculated.
RESULTS:The performed calculations revealed that the total fuel consumption of the MTZ-1221.2 and the MTZ-82.1 wheeled tractors for cultivation of 1 Ha of sunflower is 52.819 kg and the fuel con-sumption of the Agromash-90TGA is 41.375 kg.
CONCLUSIONS:Using the Agromash-90TGA tracked tractor at the sunflower cultivation in condi-tions of Saratov Region provides the fuel economy by 21.7% in comparison with using the MTZ-1221.1 and the MTZ-82.1 wheeled tractors.
The optimization of parameters of a safety element of the finger mechanism of the header auger of a combine harvester
Authors: Kotov Andrey V.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:One of the most frequently recorded failures of structural elements of the header auger of a combine harvester is the failure of the fingers of the finger mechanism. Many manufacturers of grain harvesting equipment introduce a safety element into the design of the finger mechanism which is a groove on the finger. The optimal location of this groove with relation to the axis of rotation of the pin allows to ensure the breakage of the auger finger not along the main diameter but along the groove at a certain section of the working stroke of the mechanism.
AIMS:In the specific technical literature, no special attention is paid to the analytical calculations of the structural elements of the finger mechanism of the header auger that requires the development of appropriate mathematical models depending on the targets.
METHODS:This paper presents a mathematical model of the finger mechanism of the header auger of a combine harvester, based on the use of vector analysis, which has been successfully used by the author for a long time in the development of various lever mechanisms. The proposed vector analysis method is based on the coordinate transformation method.
RESULTS:The mathematical model of the finger mechanism of the auger presented in the article made it possible to describe the kinematics of all of its hardpoints, to determine the vectors of angular velocities and accelerations of the links, to carry out a force analysis with optimization of the position of the safety element on the finger as well as to obtain and to study various graphical dependencies. The developed mathematical model provides a comprehensive description of the kinematic and force parameters of the considered mechanism for all of its positions.
CONCLUSIONS:The presented mathematical model of the finger mechanism made it possible to successfully optimize the parameters of the location of the safety element on the finger - the groove, thereby ensuring the maximum angle of coverage of the zone of possible breakage of the finger along the groove.
Development and research of a new separating device for a cabbage harvester
Authors: Alatyrev Alexey S. , Emelyanov Nikolay A. , Kruchinkina Irina S. , Alatyrev Sergey S.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:The 15-20% of the product of machine harvesting of cabbage are cabbage leaves and the remains of weeds. Known devices installed at cabbage harvesters for separating associated waste products do not operate with sufficient quality. In this regard, a new separating device has been developed.
AIMS:Assessment of the effectiveness of operation of a new separating device in assembly with a cabbage harvester in laboratory conditions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:In order to carry out the research, a separating device made in the form of a rotating roller is in-stalled above the web of the conveyor-cutter of the experimental cabbage harvester with a gap be-hind the unloading zone of the cutting device at the angle to the direction of the cabbage flow. Under laboratory conditions, the working process of the device was studied by supplying a mass of cabbage (heads and cabbage leaves) to the rotating roller, driving the blocks of the cutting device and the conveyor-cutter of the cabbage harvester from the electric motor.
RESULT:As a result of the experiments carried out under the PFE-22program, the dependence of the opera-tion quality (the degree of separation of cabbage leaves from heads) on the leaves percentage and the size-mass characteristics of heads in the flow was studied. At the same time, it was found that the developed device as a whole operates steadily, the process of separation of associated waste products proceeds most successfully with small and medium sizes of heads and a lower content of cabbage leaves in the flow.
CONCLUSIONS:The developed device separates the associated waste products from heads of cabbage sufficiently in the entire range of their content in the flow from 10 to 20%, which is typical for real field conditions.
Reducing the fluid loss in case of depressurization of tractors’ hydraulic drive
Authors: Vdovin Sergey L. , Bogatyrev Maxim D. , Nikonorov Konstantin N. , Korotkov Peter A.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:The operation of hydraulic drives of agricultural machinery is associated with the problem of leakage of fuel and lubricants, leading to contamination of water and soil. The most intense oil spill occurs when high-pressure hoses of hydraulic equipment are destroyed. The existing methods of solving the problem of oil leakage from high-pressure hoses have severe restrictions and high costs of their implementation. One of the effective methods of solving the problem is the use of hydraulic drive protection devices that disconnect the unpressurised section from the pressure source.
AIMS:To develop an improved protection device an emergency stop device that controls a hydraulic drive with several types of hydraulic motors with a minimum number of device elements.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:The design of a hydraulic drive emergency stop device (RUF Patent No. 2522013) installed in the hydraulic system of a tractor with single- and double-acting hydraulic cylinders has been developed. The method in use is a morphological analysis of the structure and distinctive features of existing engineering solutions.
RESULTS:The shutdown unit and the terminal sensor of the emergency stop device compare the value of the hydraulic pump supply with the flow rate in the drain line. At the same time, the device is able to automatically adjust itself to their permissible difference, ensuring that there are no false responses when using double-cavity hydraulic cylinders with one rod. False responses when connecting a single-cavity hydraulic cylinder are prevented by using an additional flow sensor that blocks the shutdown unit. The fluid flow is throttled in the annular gaps between the pistons, sensor and shutdown unit housings; in this case, both pistons are mutually balanced.
CONCLUSIONS:The proposed solution is aimed to eliminate significant oil throw-out form high-pressure hoses and makes it possible to use a single device for controlling the whole tractor hydraulic system. As a result, the weight and cost of the protection device reduce and the hydraulic drive scheme does not complicate significantly. The developed device does not demand additional power supply from the tractors on-board power circuit, as it operates with use of hydraulic energy. The protection device is applicable to hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors of various sizes thanks to ability of self-adjustment to the greatest difference in flow rate.
The analysis of principles of continuously variable transmission of tractors
Authors: Kurochkin Sergey V.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:Modern agricultural activity requires the use of hightech equipment such as, in particular, a multifunctional tractor, which, according to actual trends, should be an autonomously controlled mobile power plant. In modern tractors, meeting current requirements, multiflow shaft-planetary gearboxes with cumulative effect are used.

AIMS:Comparison of the operation principles of two types of automatic tractor transmissions: with hydrostatic drive and with electromechanical drive.

METHODS:During the research, a literature review of printed and online publications with technical description of the transmissions of the considered design was carried out.

RESULTS:The operation principles of two types of automatic tractor transmissions were considered: with hydrostatic drive (Fendt VarioDrive) and with electromechanical drive (Ruselprom-electroprivod LLC).

The operation principle of the Fendt VarioDrive transmission (planetary multiflow transmission with mechanical and hydrostatic branches) consists in dividing the torque coming from the internal combustion engine by a planetary gearbox into mechanical and hydrostatic branches, followed by summation of flows by a collecting shaft. The change in the gear ratio and movement direction of the tractor is controlled by the ECU by means of controlling the hydrostatic branch of the transmission. The transmission is nominally continuously variable due to the absence of gears as such.

The set of traction electrical equipment of the transmission developed by Ruselprom- electroprivod LLC, installed on a tractor, includes:

an synchronous motor generator with a power converter and a microprocessor control system;

a traction asynchronous motor of the central drive with a power converter and a microprocessor control system;

a DC-DC converter for energy supply of auxiliary equipment.

power converters and a DC-DC converter are integrated into the power electronics unit;

a top-level controller with controls and indicator panel in the drivers cab.

The control system of the electromechanical transmission provides with full control of its operation and the functioning of the internal combustion engine. The operation principle of the system is based on the essentials of hybrid transport operation. Tractor movement is possible in one of two ranges: range 1, operational (0...18 km/h) and range 2, transport (0...42 km/h)

CONCLUSIONS:Due to the modern concept of electric drive units, layout solutions with an electromechanical drive having an electric generator in their design are more promising and applicable in the future, especially for trailed equipment.
Feeding system for cattle based on a wheeled robotic feeder
Authors: Mikhailichenko Stanislav M.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:An analysis of the current state of production of dairy cattle products shows that the effective development of this industry can only be ensured at a breakthrough technological level. There is a wide variety of automatic feeding systems (AFS) on the market, differing in the level of automation, technical complexity and other parameters. They are actively used on foreign farms, however they are not widely used in Russia, mainly because of their high cost.
AIMS:Development of a conceptual model of an automatic cattle feeding system based on a wheeled robotic feeder for servicing animals on domestic farms and plants.
METHODS:The development was based on the following studies: the analysis of products made by manufacturers of systems for the preparation and distribution of feed mixtures at cattle farms; studying the works of foreign scientists devoted to the research of automatic feeding systems; modeling the operation of a robotic feeder and a mobile feed mixer-distributor using the developed mathematical apparatus based on graph theory; the experiments carried out at Russian farms with functioning automatic feeding systems and at farms that are potential consumers of these technologies.
RESULTS:The paper presents the results of statistical processing of information obtained during the review of robotic feeders made by the worlds leading manufacturers. It is noted that the existing AFSs are suitable for relatively small European farms. For Russian farms, capable to contain 800 or more cows, the structure of the AFS with two main configurations is proposed. A description of each of the configurations is given, the schematic implementation plan for one of the configurations is given.
CONCLUSIONS:The proposed AFS makes it possible to effectively use robotic feed dispensers with a relatively small amount of required technological equipment. Its efficiency increases with an increase in the number of livestock serviced, especially in farms with combined animal husbandry, as the specific costs of technological equipment per head decrease.
Calculation of normal stiffness and contact patch of ultra-low pressure tires for agricultural machinery
Authors: Balakina Ekaterina V. , Godzhaev Zahid A. , Konshin Alexander A. , Kochetov Mikhail S.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:The impact of tires on a deformable ground surface determines not only the ability of a vehicle to move, but also the pressure on ground through the contact patch geometric characteristics. The pressure on soil is normalized and limited by the conditions for the preservation of its agrophysical properties. Therefore, when creating vehicles for various purposes for their movement or movement of their trailers on deformable ground surfaces, it is required to calculate the pressure on ground in the design process. However, currently there are no universal dependencies for calculation of the mentioned parameters of ultra-low pressure tires. This applies to both vertical and inclined tire arrangement.
AIMS:Development and implementation of universal methods for calculation of normal stiffness and con-tact patch parameters of ultra-low-pressure tires for agricultural machinery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:Software products such as MS Excel, MATLAB and Curve Expert Professional were used in modeling.
RESULTS:The universal analytical-experimental dependence has been obtained to determine the normal stiff-ness of ultra-low pressure tires, including a possible inclination of the wheel rotation axis. The dependence takes into account tire pressure, normal wheel load, an inclination angle of the rotation axis and tire geometric characteristics. The formula is obtained for determining the contact patch contour area of an ultra-low pressure tire. It helps to calculate the current pressure on ground, which should not exceed the specified value.
CONCLUSIONS:The method for calculation of normal stiffness and contact patch parameters such as contact length, contour area and contact pressure for ultra-low pressure tires has been developed and implemented. The method is universal for all ultra-low pressure tires.
Rapid Characterization of the February 2023 Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Goldberg Dara E. , Taymaz Tuncay , Reitman Nadine G. , Hatem Alexandra E. , Yolsal-Çevikbilen Seda , Barnhart William D. , Irmak Tahir Serkan , Wald David J. , Öcalan Taylan , Yeck William L. , Özkan Berkan , Thompson Jobe Jessica A. , Shelly David R. , Thompson Eric M. , DuRoss Christopher B. , Earle Paul S. , Briggs Richard W. , Benz Harley , Erman Ceyhun , Doğan Ali Hasan , Altuntaş Cemali
Published: May 2023

The 6 February 2023 Mw 7.8 Pazarcık and subsequent Mw 7.5 Elbistan earthquakes generated strong ground shaking that resulted in catastrophic human and economic loss across south-central Türkiye and northwest Syria. The rapid characterization of the earthquakes, including their location, size, fault geometries, and slip kinematics, is critical to estimate the impact of significant seismic events. The U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) provides real-time monitoring of earthquakes globally, including rapid source characterization and impact estimates. Here, we describe the seismic characterization products generated and made available by the NEIC over the two weeks following the start of the earthquake sequence in southeast Türkiye, their evolution, and how they inform our understanding of regional seismotectonics and hazards. The kinematics of rupture for the two earthquakes was complex, involving multiple fault segments. Therefore, incorporating observations from rupture mapping was critical for characterizing these events. Dense local datasets facilitated robust source characterization and impact assessment once these observations were obtained and converted to NEIC product input formats. We discuss how we may improve the timeliness of NEIC products for rapid assessment of future seismic hazards, particularly in the case of complex ruptures.
New world order: restoration or moral revolution?
Authors: Chebankova Elena
Published: May 2023

The ongoing turbulence in global politics has been accompanied by calls to shift the current order of international relations from a rules-based world towards a multipolar system rooted in international law. Political leaders and commentators, primarily of Russian origin, have often referred to those initiatives as a moral revolution in the current world order. This paper examines the theological and philosophical background behind the ideas that support such a change. The discussion argues that these proposals, though they sound revolutionary, echo the Abrahamic principles of international dialogue drafted by medieval Christian theologians, Reformation thinkers, and Jewish and Islamic religious philosophers. The account stresses that contemporary adherents of the replacement of the rules-based world do not openly refer to religious doctrines. However, the core tenets of the suggested reforms align well with those earlier ethical principles. This conclusion is purely scholarly and contributes to the history of ideas.
5G-конкуренция США и КНР в странах Латинской Америки: у истоков технологического декаплинга
Authors: Дегтерев Денис , Пискунов Данил , Еремин Аркадий
Published: May 2023

Нарастающая конкуренция между США и КНР выявила ведущую роль технологической сферы в обеспечении глобального лидерства. Соперничество двух держав приобрело форму такого процесса, как декаплинг (decoupling), который характеризуется разрывом экономических, технологических и политических связей. Явление приобрело мировой масштаб, в результате чего США и КНР стремятся сформировать отдельные техноэкономические блоки (экосистемы). Отталкиваясь от этой гипотезы, авторы исследуют процессы технологического размежевания на примере конкуренции двух держав в Латинской Америке, для чего применяется теория трансфера технологий и транснациональных отношений, подходы международной политэкономии и сетевой анализ. В основе анализа – экономические показатели, в том числе информация о добавленной стоимости из БД TiVA и о высокотехнологичной торговле стран ЛА из статистики ЮНКТАД. Для изучения технологического размежевания рассматривается структура создания добавленной стоимости в регионе и торговля высокотехнологичными товарами стран ЛА. В результате конкуренции в этих аспектах США и КНР формируют сетевые структуры в цепочках добавленных стоимостей, отвечающие потребностям национальной безопасности, и “новую биполярность” в сети торговли высокотехнологичными товарами. В контексте теории К. Краузе предложена структурная схема технологического декаплинга, в рамках которой ключевую роль играет распространение технологии 5G. Именно использование подобных новых стандартов телекоммуникаций выступает базисом для технологического декаплинга в регионе. В этой связи рассматривается рынок стран ЛА и отдельные кейсы ТНК, которые являются ключевыми проводниками конкуренции двух держав и тем самым оказывают влияние на технологический суверенитет государств региона.
Попутчики поневоле: исламские партии и арабское национальное государство в свете теории размежеваний
Authors: Кудряшова Ирина , Козинцев Александр
Published: May 2023

Арабская весна 2010-2011 гг. ознаменовала новый этап арабского политического опыта – борьбы за свободный политический выбор. Активным участником массовых выступлений стали исламские партии и движения, в ряде стран добившиеся значительных электоральных успехов. Однако протестная активность за несколько лет была по большей части подавлена, а силы политического ислама – устранены с политической сцены или поставлены под контроль государства. В некоторых странах системный кризис обернулся подъемом насилия и разрушением государственных структур. Означает ли это, что у исламских партий нет и не может быть перспектив? Иначе говоря, насколько деятельность таких организаций согласуется с реализуемым в регионе проектом национально-территориального государства? Попытку найти ответы на эти вопросы авторы предпринимают в рамках макросоциологического и сравнительно-политического подходов. В качестве основных аналитических инструментов применяются концепция социальных размежеваний С.М. Липсета и С. Роккана, увязывающая структуру социально-политических конфликтов в Европе с логикой формирования партийных систем, а также теория центр-периферийной полярности С. Роккана, позволяющая определить процесс становления территориальной политии в макросистемном формате. Логику исследования определяют две гипотезы: (а) в иерархии размежеваний в арабских обществах приоритетное место принадлежит размежеваниям “государство – церковь” и “центр – периферия” (в арабских культурно-политических реалиях первое принимает форму размежевания “страновой национальный проект – исламская модель”) и (б) кумулятивный эффект двух этих размежеваний продолжает определять субъектность исламских партий. Для проверки выдвинутых гипотез и ответа на поставленные вопросы проведен анализ институциональной конкуренции трех политических форм (имперской, национально-государственной и исламской) после начала модернизационных реформ в Османской империи, а также процесса политизации социальных размежеваний в арабских национальных государствах в условиях европейской мандатной системы. В ходе исследования подтвержден объяснительный потенциал отмеченных выше концепций в условиях инокультурной среды; выдвинутые гипотезы получили верификацию, а тема – линию дальнейшего развития. В частности, отмечено, что благодаря связи с мусульманской общиной и многозначности священного текста исламские партии оказались способны перехватывать и транслировать проявления иных размежеваний и адаптироваться к меняющимся общественно-политическим условиям.
Понятие “независимость” в официальных выступлениях глав государств Центральной Азии
Authors: Алимджанов Абдуазиз
Published: May 2023

“Независимость”, являясь философской категорией, в политологии и политическом дискурсе обретает конкретизацию в виде привязки к понятию “суверенитет”. Автор на примере постсоветских стран Центральной Азии рассматривает динамику изменения понятия “независимость” и попытки его концептуализации. Материалом для исследования послужили поздравительные речи президентов республик ЦА в День независимости. Целью этих речей является “раскрытие” значения независимости для населения. Речи президентов проанализированы с помощью качественного контент-анализа с привлечением необходимого исторического контекста. Статья построена на предположении, что мобилизационный и интеграционный потенциал понятия “независимость” нивелируется его нарративизацией. В статье рассматривается несколько этапов осмысления понятия “независимость”: 1) советское понимание суверенитета и Конституция СССР; 2) трактовка понятия интеллигенцией в перестроечное время, 3) трактовка авторами СНГ в 1991 г., радикализировавшими понятие, и 4) постсоветское официальное президентское понимание. Автор приходит к выводу, что понятие “независимость” по-прежнему нуждается в концептуализации, поскольку через нарративы не обрело системного понимания, оно не было определено через существенные признаки и проявления в политической жизни обществ стран постсоветской Центральной Азии. Не были артикулированы и убедительно интерпретированы причины и следствия событий 1991 г.
Институционализация российской национальной школы в поле политики (на примере саха- и татароязычных школ республик Саха (Якутия) и Татарстан)
Authors: Габдрахманова Гульнара
Published: May 2023

В статье ставится задача изучить в эволюционном ракурсе процессы институционализации российской национальной школы (НШ) в постсоветское время в контексте языкового территориального режима (ЯТР). Данный режим рассматривается как система конституированных идей по вопросам использования национальных (нерусских) языков в качестве средств обучения и действий в отношении НШ, построенных на пересечении интересов правящих и неправящих акторов и приводящих к ее институциональному оформлению в поле политики. Изучение строится на принципах исторического институционализма и методе бинарного анализа. Институционализация российской НШ проходит в условиях сложного переплетения идей и действий акторов ЯТР, их противоречивого коммуникативного взаимодействия, зависимости от советской парадигмы национального образования и текущей языковой политики. Интересы этнических групп, политических элит регионального и федерального уровней, общественных объединений простимулировали организационное оформление и нормативное закрепление НШ в 1990-е годы. Заложенная в это время интенция к имитации права на язык обучения, отсутствие реальной, массовой его поддержки со стороны лидеров мнения, ценностное (в традиционалистском смысле) понимание национального языка стали в последующие годы “ловушками” для НШ. Федеральный центр, следуя по “тропе зависимости” от необходимости позиционирования страны как многоязычной, предоставления права обучения на родном языке, одновременно выдвигает рассогласованные, декларативные идеи и постепенно ужимает возможности НШ. Региональные элиты сохраняют приверженность политике ее поддержки. В 2000-х годах они лавировали в коридоре возможностей, заданном федеральным центром, и тиражировали аксиологический подход к национальному языку. В ответ на запрос родительской общественности на инструментальную функциональность национальных языков республики объявляли о стремлении модернизировать НШ. Однако идея оказалась формальной и не оказала серьезного влияния на такие образовательные учреждения. Сложность институционализации НШ связана с инерцией их внутренней политики, основанной на понимании национальной культуры как сугубо сельской и на ее презентации в этнографических формах, что в равной степени характерно для республик и не отвечает интересам современных родителей и их детей.
Analysis of the female image in Chinese Proverbs: A Cognitive Study
Authors: Xiaoxiao Lyu
Published: May 2023

The present work aims to highlight the female image in the Chinese proverbs, from the cognitive perspective based on the theory of metaphor and metonymy of Lakoff and Johnson (1986), based on a corpus of more than two hundred examples analyzed, assessing their physical appearance, vices and virtues, status and family life, which the cultural world has created around them. The resultsof the study allow the following conclusions: 1) exist great discrimination against women in proverbs,most of them are based on the rural and agricultural environment of centuries 2) patriarchal andandrocentric ideology permeates the proverb through metaphorical and metonymic elaboration 3) theemergence and decline of these proverb have justified the evolution of mentalities and the change ofthe social framework.
The invention of Movable-Type Printing in the work of Shen Kuo (1031-1095)
Authors: Di Doménico Luciano Agustín , Mina Federico Daniel , Santillán Gustavo E.
Published: May 2023

This article analyses the jotting n° 307 of the book “Brush Talks from Dream Brook”(Mengxi Bitan), by the scholar Shen Kuo (1031-1095). That jotting presents, by first time in History, themovable-type printing invention. Our analysis of this jotting relates the exposition made by Shen Kuowith the social context of its time, as well as with Shen Kuo’s own personal trajectory as scholar-officialof the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127). The performed examination reveals that Shen Kuo highlightsthe movable-type printing invention based on its recurrent interest for technical developments; also, itis concluded that the above-mentioned interest must not be isolated from Shen Kuo´s trajectory withinthe Court, and, finally, that book printing was a noteworthy phenomenon in the society of Shen’s times,for both socioeconomic and political reasons.
Book Review: Miranda Márquez, Gonzalo: A journey through Chinese culture and language
Authors: Mironesko Alexandra Magdalena
Published: May 2023

Book Review: Miranda Márquez, Gonzalo: A journey through Chinese culture and language
Entendimiento y traducción de obras clásicas chinas de misioneros españoles: Juan Cobo y Beng Sim Po Cam
Authors: Shan Zhang
Published: May 2023

En las últimos décadas, España y China han mantenido relaciones amistosas y la traducción de las obras históricas y culturales españolas ha llegado a ser un tema candente. El trabajo se enfoca en la comprensión y la traducción de los culturemas chinos por parte de Fray Juan Cobo (1547-1593) en la versión española del libro Beng Sim Po Cam, utilizando principalmente el método histórico de análisis y recurriendo a la teoría hermenéutica y la teoría de investigación textual, con el objetivo de resumir las estrategias de traducción del evangelizador al realizar sus actividades interculturales, a fin de proporcionar experiencias propicias para las futuras actividades traductológicas de semejante índole.
La traducibilidad de culturema del chino al español: análisis en Sueño en el pabellón rojo
Authors: Xin Dai
Published: May 2023

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la traducción española de Sueño en el Pabellón Rojo, considerada como la enciclopedia de las culturas tradicionales de China, con el fin de comprobar la traducibilidad de culturemas desde chino a español. Para alcanzar este objetivo, realizamos un primer acercamiento de la clasificación de los elementos culturales y proponemos 14 técnicas de traducción de culturema. Describimos las dificultades en la traducibilidad chino-español en los cinco aspectos siguientes: sistema lingüístico, laguna léxica, asociación semántica, psicología nacional y actividad de traducción. A continuación, analizamos tanto de las diversas técnicas como del efecto fiel y estético para afrontar la traducción de elementos culturales en los campos del medio natural, patrimonio cultural, cultura social y cultura lingüística en Sueño en el Pabellón Rojo. Por último, proponemos nuestras alternativas para superar las barreras culturales y evitar defectos de traducción, con el fin de aportar un pequeño grano de arena para el mejoramiento de la traducción de esta gran obra clásica china en el mundo hispanohablante.
Un estudio sobre el error pragmático transcultural y el desarrollo de la competencia de interacción intercultural basado en la educación china internacional
Authors: Peng Zhang , Liwen Chao
Published: May 2023

La interacción transcultural es un fenómeno universal en la educación China internacional. Este fenómeno siempre conduce al fracaso pragmático transcultural y al error de la interacción, que se ven afectados por diferentes factores. Con base en las prácticas de la educación China internacional y el análisis de estos fenómenos, así como de sus factores, se ilustra que el factor psicológico cognitivo es la causa raíz de este fenómeno. Luego se exploran las estrategias y métodos para el cultivo de la competencia de interacción intercultural y así tener éxito en lugar de error en la interacción intercultural.