bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examination of the Impact of Virtual Reality on Surgical Hand Scrubbing and Sterile Gowning Skills: A Randomized Controlled Study (Preprint)
Authors: GÜNGÖR Songül , YAVA Ayla , KOYUNCU Aynur
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

In addition to traditional educational methods, virtual reality (VR) and three-dimensional (3D) technology can offer opportunities in surgical nursing education to facilitate the retention of surgical procedures more effectively.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare the impact of virtual reality on surgical hand scrubbing and sterile gowning knowledge, skills, satisfaction, and confidence among students enrolled in surgical nursing, against routine teaching methods.

METHODS

Participants were divided into three groups: Virtual Reality Group (VRG: 27 participants), Video Group (VG: 27 participants), and Theoretical Group (TG: 25 participants). All participants received theoretical training and demonstrations. For the VR group, a surgical hand scrubbing and sterile gowning video prepared within a scenario approved by experts was presented through virtual reality goggles. The VG watched a surgical hand scrubbing and sterile gowning video, while the TG received self-learning instructions. Knowledge and skill assessments were conducted for all groups after three weeks.

RESULTS

The VR group demonstrated proficiency in applying the steps of the procedure more quickly and showed significant improvements in self-confidence. There was no significant difference in knowledge levels among the groups. Participants in the VR group were more satisfied with the training method compared to the other groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Virtual reality is an effective strategy to support the training on surgical hand scrubbing and sterile gowning in surgical nursing.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT06162364
Development and Assessment of a Serious Game to Study Reduced Field of View in Keyhole Surgery (Preprint)
Authors: Whitley Phoebe , Clarkson Matthew J , Thompson Stephen
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

During keyhole surgery the surgeon is required to perform highly demanding tasks whilst only able to see part of the patient's anatomy. This limited field of view is very widely cited as a key limitation of keyhole surgery and many computational methods to overcome limited field of view have been proposed. However, the precise effects of limited field of view on task performance remain unknown due to a lack of tools to effectively study the effects of limited field of view.

OBJECTIVE

This paper describes our work on developing a serious game to test the effect of limited field of view on task performance. The development of a serious game that can be played by a wide range of participants will enable to gather quantitative data on the effects of reduced field of view on task performance. These data can inform future development of technologies to aid the surgeon in reducing the impact of limited field of view on clinical outcomes for the patient. As the game is fully opensource it may also be adapted and used by other researchers to study related problems.

METHODS

We implemented an opensource serious game in JavaScript, inspired by the surgical task of selectively cauterising blood vessels during twin to twin transfusion surgery. During the game the player is required to identify and cut the correct blood vessel under different fields of view, and with different levels of vascular complexity. We performed a quantitative analysis of task performance time under different conditions and a formative analysis of the game using participant questionnaires.

RESULTS

We recruited 25 players to test the game and recorded their task performance time, accuracy, and qualitative metrics. Reducing the field of view resulting in participants taking statistically significantly longer (16.4 vs 9.8 seconds, p=0.05) to perform otherwise identical tasks. Participants found the game engaging and agreed that the game enhanced their understanding of limited field of view during keyhole surgery.

CONCLUSIONS

We recruited 25 players to test the game and recorded their task performance time, accuracy, and qualitative metrics. Reducing the field of view resulting in participants taking statistically significantly longer (16.4 vs 9.8 seconds, p=0.05) to perform otherwise identical tasks. Participants found the game engaging and agreed that the game enhanced their understanding of limited field of view during keyhole surgery.

CLINICALTRIAL

This paper does not include an RCT.
Applying Descriptivist Norms to Folklore Translation
Authors: Li Yuebin , Li Jinyan
Published: January 2024

This research delves into the analysis of descriptivist norms in the translation of folklore, using the translation of The Epic of Baeuqloxgdoh as an example. Folklore, representing the collective wisdom of diverse cultures, poses complex challenges in translation where preservation and adaptation intersect. Translation norms, including Gideon Toury’s initial, preliminary, and operational norms, play a pivotal role. Through a comparative analysis of two translated versions of the epic, this paper aims to elucidate the norms underpinning the translation process. By scrutinizing the similarities and differences in translation choices, the study reveals norms governing the translation process. Despite the limitations posed by a small sample size, this research contributes to understanding folklore translation and sheds light on its broader implications for intercultural communication and the preservation of literary heritage.
DETERMINATION AND ESTIMATION OF PRESERVATIVES IN PACKAGED FOOD
Authors: Kalva Sireesha , GANESH P SAI
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Packaged food and beverages are consumed all over the world for their nutritional value, durability, their quenching properties, stimulating effect, and for their medicinal value. Food additives are substances that are added to food or animal feed during processing or storage. They include antioxidants, preservatives, coloring and flavoring agents, and anti-infective agents. This study focuses on the determination of the content levels of sodium benzoate in different samples of commercially available food products in the local market.
Methods: Food products selected are Sting Energy Drink, Listerine Cool Mint Mouthwash, Kissan Fresh Tomato Ketchup, and Dabur Hommade Imli Sauce. Identification tests for the presence of benzoic and its salts in food products were conducted. A standard graph for benzoic acid at different concentrations is drawn. The concentrations of benzoic acid in selected food products were determined and evaluated by rapid and simple ultraviolet spectrophotometric methods.
Results: The results obtained from this study indicated that the quantity of benzoic acid in analyzed food samples was in the range of 18.3– 160.5 μg/mL.
Conclusion: The optimum benzoic acid concentration to be in marketed food preservatives is 20–700 μg/mL. As the benzoic concentration in selected food products determined were in range, we found that all the selected samples are safe to use.
EVALUATION OF LIPID AND THYROID STATUS IN PREGNANCY AND ITS EFFECT ON NEONATAL OUTCOME
Authors: Gill Gurpreet kaur , Kapila Diksha
Published: January 2024

Objective: Maternal nutritional status is essential for the achievement of maternal and fetal growth. Blood lipid concentrations have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and high birth weight. As blood lipids are not routinely measured during pregnancy, there is limited information on what is considered normal during pregnancy. In early pregnancy, there is an increase in fat buildup associated with increased fat concentration in blood, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein in plasma increased significantly during pregnancy. This study was aimed at the analysis of lipid profile and thyroid profile in second- and third-trimester pregnant women, with the incidence of hypertension and their possible effect on neonatal outcome.
Methods: Blood samples were collected from the Beri Maternity Hospital, Amritsar, and were analyzed for biochemical investigation, namely lipid profile and thyroid profile.
Results: The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very LDL have been significantly increased in third-trimester pregnant women as compared to second-trimester pregnant women. However, the level of HDL diminished in the third trimester as compared to the second trimester. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels increased in third-trimester pregnant women.
Conclusion: Our findings highlighted the importance of maternal lipid metabolism in preventing pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes as human gestation is associated with an “atherogenic” lipid profile which could act as a potential risk factor for pre-eclampsia and endothelial cell dysfunction if further enhanced than the normal limits. Increased blood lipid concentrations during pregnancy are altered by maternal body mass index. This study will help in understanding baseline lipid parameters in the second and third trimesters among pregnant women. Excessive dietary nutrition intake and inadequate physical activity during pregnancy may be important contributors of dyslipidemia which can lead to complications.
COMPARISON OF LEVOBUPIVACAINE WITH TWO DIFFERENT ADJUVANTS (DEXAMETHASONE VS. DEXMEDETOMIDINE) IN ULTRASONOGRAPHY-GUIDED TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS PLANE BLOCK FOR UNILATERAL INGUINAL HERNIORRHAPHY: A RANDOMIZED DOUBLE-BLINDED CONTROL TRIAL
Authors: Partani Seema , Karia Swati , Sharma Priyam , Sharma Charu , Choudhary Savita , Kumar Anurag , Baweja Yash , Chauhan Vaishali
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Ultrasonography (USG)-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is an effective technique for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing intraabdominal surgery. This study was aimed to compare the post-operative analgesia, hemodynamic variables, sedation, and adverse effects of levobupivacaine with two different adjuvants (dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine) in USG-guided TAP block for patients undergoing unilateral inguinal herniorrhaphy under subarachnoid block.
Methods: A double-blind randomized control study, conducted on 96 patients, allocated in three groups of 32 each. Patients in group C received 0.25% levobupivacaine (20 mL) with normal saline (2 mL), group D1 received 0.25% levobupivacaine (20 mL) added with 0.1 mg/kg dexamethasone (2 mL) and group D2 received 0.25% levobupivacaine added with 0.5 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine diluted in NS (2 mL). Pain was assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The time for request of first analgesia (TFA), total number and total dose of rescue analgesic in 24 h were recorded. Statistical analysis was done using unpaired Student’s t-test and ANOVA.
Results: At 12 and 24 h >30% of patients had VAS ≥4 in control group while it was <10% in groups D1 and D2 (p<0.001). TFA was earliest in control group (6.10±0.96 h) as compared to group D1 (7.26±1.22 h) and group D2 (7.49±1.02 h) (p<0.001). The total number and total dose of analgesic given were higher in the control group than other two groups (p<0.001). However, it was comparable between groups D1 and D2 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine when added as an adjuvant to levobupivacaine for TAP significantly prolonged the duration of post-operative analgesia as compared to levobupivacaine alone, however, it was found to be comparable between adjuvant groups.
ROLE OF ARYL HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR NUCLEAR TRANSLOCATOR IN DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG RAICA AND NON-RAICA COMMUNITIES OF RAJASTHAN
Authors: Jain Mili , Vyas Raj Kumar
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study was conceptualized to assess genotypic factors associated with a lower prevalence of type-2 diabetes mellitus in Raica community of Rajasthan, India.
Methods: In this study, 114 people from Raica community and 150 people from non-Raica community were recruited. Their demographic details age and sex, anthropometric data body mass index, and waist-to-hip ratio, and laboratory parameters such as fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, and physiological parameters of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were taken into consideration.
Results: In the present study, there were 40 females and 74 males from Raica community and, 52 females and 98 males from non-Raica community. The mean age was 41.14 and 46.93 in Raica and non-Raica communities. The FBG, HbA1c levels, and physiological parameters were significantly lower in Raica community (p<0.05). The AG allele of the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator gene was more frequently seen in individuals with lower FBG and no individual studied, had the AA allele.
Conclusion: The genetic polymorphism studied has the same frequency of distribution in both Raica and non-Raica people with or without diabetic conditions. The leanness and better control over the glucose levels in the Raica community are supposed to be key factors in lowering diabetes mellitus prevalence.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF NOVEL RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF SALICYLIC ACID AND BECLOMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE IN A TOPICAL OINTMENT DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Sawant Vanita , Mali Chinmayi , Jain Vandana
Published: January 2024

Objective: The objective of the study is to develop and validate an analytical method to simultaneously estimate salicylic acid (SA) and beclomethasone dipropionate (BD) in a topical ointment formulation.
Methods: The simultaneous estimation of SA and BD in a topical ointment formulation was carried out by developing and validating a novel, accurate, and economical isocratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method. Separation was achieved by chromatographic technique using a prontosil HPLC C18 (250×4.6 mm) column with a particle size of 5 μm. The mobile phase utilized for this study includes methanol, acetonitrile, and 0.1% orthophosphoric acid in the ratio 50:35:15 v/v/v, respectively. The flow rate of 1 mL/min and column temperature of 28±2°C were set. The detection of the two drugs was carried out at 235 nm using an ultraviolet detector. It was observed that SA and BD were retained at 3.59 min and 6.00 min, respectively.
Results: The RP-HPLC method was found to be linear with excellent correlation between peak areas and concentrations of 30–108 µg/mL for SA and 1–3.6 µg/mL for BD. The observed recovery data was obtained within the acceptance range of 98–102%, which confirmed the accuracy of the developed method. The two drugs, SA and BD, showed good resolution with a short analysis time of 7 min.
Conclusion: The method was successfully created and validated in compliance with the recommendations of the International Conference on Harmonization for specificity, precision, linearity, accuracy, and robustness.
SPECTRUM OF HEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS IN BONE MARROW EXAMINATION
Authors: SANJANA NUTAKKI , CHERUKURI PRASANTHI , GARDAS VASUNDARA
Published: January 2024

Objective: To study the bone marrow aspiration (BMA) trends and to observe and analyze the various patterns of hematological disorders in bone marrow examinations of patients attending a tertiary care teaching hospital.
Methods: A 2-year study was done retrospectively in the department of pathology at the tertiary care teaching hospital. Relevant demographics, clinical details, intraprocedural details, and results were obtained through records and case files.
Results: A total of 48 cases were studied. The most common diagnoses recorded were erythroid hyperplasia, nutritional anemia, megaloblastic anemia, acute leukemias, etc.
Conclusion: Bone marrow cytology is a highly informative and diagnostic test procedure performed in evaluating blood and blood-related diseases. Some hematological conditions can be diagnosed with serological studies, and the need for an invasive test like BMA can be avoided.
EVALUATION OF VISUAL OUTCOME AND CLINICAL RESPONSE OF INTRAVITREAL ANTI VEGF AGENTS IN VARIOUS INDICATIONS
Authors: KHANDELWAL GARVITA , KUMAR KAVITA , DUBEY ADITI , SOM VIVEK
Published: January 2024

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate efficacy of ranibizumab and aflibercept in Choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) and chronic macular edema secondary to diabetes mellitus and retinal vein occlusion in the Central India population.
Methods: The present study was a prospective and observational study conducted among patients attending the outpatient department, and retina clinic were grouped as per various indications of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment. Patients were then followed up on day 7, 1-month interval during which visual acuity assessment, fundus examination, and optic coherence tomography was done to measure central retinal thickness which was compared with baseline data.
Results: Two different anti-VEGF agents were used among study participants. Out of 43 study participants, ranibizumab was given in 32 (74.4%) of which seven patients had age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), four had myopic CNVM, 14 had diabetic retinopathy (DR), and seven had macular edema – secondary to retinal vein occlusion. Aflibercept was given in 11 (25.6%) of the study participants, of which six had DR, four had CNVM-Myopia, and one patient had macular edema – secondary to retinal vein occlusion.
Conclusion: In our study, both anti-VEGF agents showed significant reduction in central macular thickness (CMT) after every injection. Our study suggests that Aflibercept is more effective in reducing CMT.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF DISABILITY ASSESSED PATIENTS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN PRATAPGARH DISTRICT OF UTTAR PRADESH
Authors: KUMAR SACHIN , SINGH VINEET , SINGH JITENDRA PRATAP , MAHESH KUMAR NAVADAYA
Published: January 2024

Objective: There is a lack of data regarding the demographic profile of acquired disability in hospital-admitted patients in Pratapgarh District. Therefore, the present study was conducted to know the demographic profile of disability-assessed patients in a tertiary care hospital of Pratapgarh district.
Methods: The present study is a record-based retrospective study in which 490 patients assessed by the investigator for disability in selected tertiary care hospitals in Pratapgarh district of Uttar Pradesh between 2020 and 2023 were taken into consideration. Demographic parameters like age, gender, number of admissions, duration of hospital stay, etc. were recorded in a Microsoft Excel sheet. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using SPSS version 23.0 and presented as graphs.
Results: Out of 490 cases, the majority (83.06%) were male, while 16.94% were female. The mean age of patients was 38.2±3.7 years. In the present study, males had a mean disability percentage of 28% (standard deviation, SD=24.9) and females had a mean disability percentage of 22% (SD=18.3). In the majority of patients (75.3%), one-time admission was observed. In the present study, the majority of cases (94.89%) had a history of road traffic accidents. About three-fourths of disabilities (75.51%) were found in brachial plexus injuries, followed by 46.94% of disabilities in spine injuries and 38.98% in head injuries.
Conclusion: The present study will help treating doctors, especially orthopedic surgeons, insurance companies, and governments understand the magnitude of the problem. The treating doctor, especially orthopedic surgeons, will be in a better position to explain to patients about disability through its assessment, and the benefits will be available to patients in the form of certification.
SERUM FERRITIN AND SERUM LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE LEVELS AMONG COVID-19 PATIENTS
Authors: KAPARUWAN ASTHA
Published: January 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate serum ferritin and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values among COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative subjects.
Methods: The study was conducted on 152 cases; 76 were COVID-19 diseased, and 76 were COVID-19 free. Serum ferritin and serum LDH levels were estimated.
Result: Average ferritin levels among COVID-19 diseased were 529.33 ng/ml compared to 450.92 ng/ml among negative individuals. Similarly, the LDH level among positive persons was 338.50 IU/L and 303.30 IU/L among hostile people.
Conclusion: The uncontrolled and dysfunctional immune response is connected with macrophage activation and hyperferritinemic syndrome. Elevated LDH readings seem to reflect that multiple organ injury and failure may play a more prominent role in influencing the clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.
RESPIRATORY DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH BIOMASS SMOKE EXPOSURE IN RURAL WOMEN
Authors: PRIYA JYOTI , NIRALA RAKESH KUMAR
Published: January 2024

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of biomass fuel combustion on pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and comparing the PFTs between biomass users and Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) users.
Method: 150 healthy non-smoking women were randomly selected within the age group of 21-50 years for this cross-sectional study. The study group comprised of 75 subjects who used biomass fuel for cooking (Biomass users) and 75 age matched subjects who were not exposed to biomass served as the controls (LPG users). . The anthropometric data i.e., age, height, weight, blood pressure, respiratory rate was noted and the subjects pulmonary functions were evaluated using RMS Medspiror.
Result: The lung function parameters were significantly lower in the study group, exposed to biomass fuel than the controls FEV1 (p<0.001); FEV1/FVC (p<0.001) and PEFR (p<0.001), except FVC (p<0.338). The evaluation of PFTs suggested the increased risk to the obstructive type of pulmonary disease in biomass users.
Conclusion: The reduction in the pulmonary function in the biomass exposed women could be due to high exposure to biomass pollutants with inadequate ventilation in cooking area leading to chronic pulmonary disease.
THYROID FUNCTION ABNORMALITIES IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: K TALE SUVARNA , BHISE MEGHATAI , FUPARE SANTOSH , PALMATE MAYURI
Published: January 2024

Objective: The objective of the study is to study the presence of thyroid function abnormalities in cases with metabolic syndrome.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study done in the department of biochemistry of a tertiary care medical college. 60 patients fulfilling the criteria for metabolic syndrome as per the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria were included in this study. Demographic details of all the patients were noted. A detailed history was taken and thorough clinical examination was done. Thyroid function test was done in all cases. The presence of thyroid function test abnormalities was analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using SSPS 21.0 software and p<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: Out of these 60 cases, there were 37 (61.67%) males and 23 (38.33%) females with a M: F ratio of 1:0.62. The mean age of male and female patients was found to be 47.96±14.78 and 45.78±13.26 years, respectively. The mean age of male and female patients was found to be comparable with no statistically significant difference. Skin changes were present in 23 (38.33%) cases followed by tiredness (36.67%), constipation (25.00%), weight gain (21.67%), and pallor (15%). 29 (48.33%) were euthyroid whereas subclinical and clinical hypothyroidism was present in 18 (30%) and 10 (16.67%), respectively. 3 (5%) patients were found to have subclinical hyperthyroidism whereas there was no patient with clinical hyperthyroidism.
Conclusion: Thyroid function abnormalities are common in patients with metabolic syndrome. It is therefore important to screen patients for thyroid function abnormalities so that appropriate interventions can be undertaken if necessary.
EFFECTS OF INTRAVENOUS LIDOCAINE VERSUS DEXMEDETOMIDINE ON ATTENUATION OF COUGH DURING TRACHEAL EXTUBATION AFTER ELECTIVE SURGERY: A COMPARATIVE DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY
Authors: AKSHITA SINGLA  , POOJA MONGIA  , MANGILAL DEGANWA  , AVNISH K BHARADWAJ  , VIVEK SINHA
Published: January 2024

Objective: The objective of the study is to compare the effects of intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine in attenuating cough during tracheal extubation after elective surgery.
Methods: Study conducted on 100 patients aged 18–65 years at Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology from August 2020 to July 2021. Patients with elective surgeries under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation, age 18–65 years, both the sexes, American Society of Anesthesiologists, grade I and II were included in the study.
Results: Both lidocaine and dexmedetomidine are equally effective in cough attenuation on tracheal extubation. The hemodynamic stability was much better with dexmedetomidine compared to lidocaine at all times. Lidocaine group patients were ready to discharge from post-anesthesia care unit statistically earlier than the dexmedetomidine group.
Conclusion: Both lidocaine and dexmedetomidine are safe and reliable drugs which provide very effective attenuation of cough during tracheal extubation without any respiratory depressant effect.
NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS FOLLOWING PEDIATRIC CONGENITAL CARDIAC SURGERY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: MADHU A YADAV  , REKHA A ASSADI  , NEHA K KUDUMULA
Published: January 2024

Objectives: The study was designed to ascertain the incidence of neurological complications in children following cardiac surgery for congenital heart defects (CHD).
Methods: An extensive search was conducted using Medical Subject Headings in the Cochrane Controlled Trials databases, PubMed, and Embase in July 2023. Data extraction was done using a customized data extraction sheet, adhering to Cochrane’s standard methodological procedures. As the heterogeneity was high among the included studies, random-effect models were employed during the meta-analysis.
Results: Seventeen articles were included in our analysis, encompassing a total sample size of 23,930 pediatric patients who underwent congenital cardiac surgeries. The calculated incidence of neurological complications following these procedures was found to be 0.21 (95% confidence interval: 0.14–0.28). A random-effects model employing the DerSimonian-Laird estimator was utilized for the meta-analysis. The assessment of heterogeneity revealed Tau of 0.134, an I2 value of 99.63%, and an H2 value of 267.078, indicating heterogeneity (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The study highlights the substantial incidence of neurological complications following congenital cardiac surgery, with infants <1 year old being at a higher risk.
Performance Evaluation of Neural Networks in Road Sign Recognition
Authors: Saha Sanjit Kumar
Published: January 2024

This paper presents an in-depth study of road sign recognition techniques leveraging neural networks. Road sign recognition stands as a critical component of intelligent transportation systems, contributing to enhanced road safety and efficient traffic management. The paper focuses on exploring various neural network architectures for example, backpropagation neural network and hybrid neural network which is a combination of two neural network (backpropagation neural network and bidirectional associative memory), training methodologies, dataset considerations, and performance evaluations for accurate and real-time recognition of road signs. The experimental result shows that the hybrid neural network is faster than the backpropagation neural network in the completion of the training process with higher recognition accuracy.
Intraspecific discrimination power of plastid coding region rbcL as DNA barcoding marker in Dalbergia sissoo population of Pakistan
Authors: Ijaz Siddra , Ul Haq Imran , Sakhawat Muhammad Asif
Published: January 2024

The conservation of diseases resistant sources of Dalbergia sissoo germplasm has attained the key status among the Agricultural prospects and solution against their possible threats. For this purpose, the best strategy is DNA barcoding based on nuclear, mitochondrial and plastid genomic regions. This approach is frequently used for species discrimination but its potential to discriminate the individuals at intraspecific level could also be worth exploring considerably. Hence, in the present study the potential of rbcL DNA barcode was evaluated for demonstrating intraspecific variation among the shisham genotypes collected across Pakistan. DNA barcoding analysis was performed on 20 selected shisham genotypes. Nucleotide sequences were analyzed to confirm genetic diversity among studied genotypes (θw = 1.000, π = 0.00172). The allelic profile of data yielded 11 unique sequence types (STs) numbers. The phylogenetic tree based on SYM+G model revealed the discriminatory power of rbcL DNA barcode to resolve and differentiate the individuals at intraspecific level. Keywords: Allelic profile, Sequence types, Akaike Information Criterion, Typing efficiency, DNA substitution.
Efficacy of Pseudomonas spp. NA-4 against Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Raza Hafiz Younis , Madni Muhammad
Published: January 2024

In concern with our present studies, this paper basically put lights on the efficacy of biocontrol agent, Pseudomonas strain NA-4 for the management of Meloidogyne incognita in tomato. Four plants were kept under observation. The one which remain untreated shows more vigorous growth while our main plant which is inoculated with both nematode and bacteria shows that bacteria has shown some control against nematode activity while the plants which are inoculated with nematode alone shows reduction in height and other parameters. Bacterial inoculated plant grow normally even because of its growth promoting nature due to some dramatic changes in climatic conditions and other external or internal factors. Keywords: Control, biological agent, plant growth, root knot nematode, Solanaceae.
Pengaruh Proyek Zero waste Terintegrasi ESD Terhadap Kompetensi Kolaborasi Dan Self-awareness pada konsep Perubahan Iklim
Authors: Damayanti Teti , Suhendar Suhendar , Juhanda Aa
Published: January 2024

Latar belakang: Rendahnya kompetensi kolaborasi dan Self-awareness yang dibekalkan pada peserta didik untuk menghadapi pembangunan berkelanjutan karena kompetensi kolaborasi dan Self-awareness belum dikembang dalam aktifitas pembelajaran terutama untuk menanggulangi serta menghadapi isu global pada abad 21.  Penelitian ini bertujuan mengaplikasikan pembelajaran dengan Project Based Learning untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap kompetensi kolaborasi dan self-awareness. Model ini sangat jarang digunakan karena memerlukan persiapan yang matang, Methods: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi eksperiment). Desain penelitian pada penelitian ini menggunakan desain Non-equivalent Control Group Design. Pada desain ini penentuan kelas eksperimen dan kelas control tidak dipilih secara acak. Results: Pada kopetensi kolaborasi dan self-awareness, hasil uji memperoleh nilai sig. 2-tailed 0.000 yang menunjukan bahwa adanya perberbedaan yang signifikan. dilakuan uji korelasi terhadap kompetensi Self-awareness dimana hasil uji antar keduanya memperoleh nilai 0.596 yang berada dalam kategori sedang. Angka tersebut menunjukan bahwa antara kompetensi kolaborasi dengan kompetensi Self-awareness memiliki korelasi dan menunjukan hubungan yang cukup kuat. Conclusion: Pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan mengaplikasikan model pembelajaran proyek yang terintegrasi ESD pada konsep perubahan iklim, menyatakan bahwa pembelajaran proyek berpengaruh terhadap kompetensi kolaborasi dan self-awarenes dengan nilai signifikansi dari hasil uji stasistik independent sample T-test 0.000. selain kedua kompetensi ini dapat ditingkatkan melaui pembelajaran proyek. Kompetensi kolaborasi dan kompetensi self-aawareness saling berkorelasi positif. Dengan nilai korelasi 0, 596 termasuk kategori sedang
The Implementation of Scaffolding in Team Games Tournament (TGT) to Improve Students’ Participation and Learning Performance on Reproduction System Topics
Authors: Arindasandy Devi , Rahmawati Rita Nur , Hasan Rusdi , Lukitasari Marheny
Published: January 2024

Background: This study aims to describe the usage of scaffolding methods in the activeness and learning performance of students with Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning at SMA Negeri 5 Madiun. The type of analysis used is class action research (PTK). The subjects of this study are students of class XI MIPA 6 at SMA Negeri 5 Madiun. Methods: The method of data collection uses observation sheets to understand students’ activeness and pre-tests and post-tests to assess students’ learning performance. The technique used for data analysis is descriptive-quantitative. Results: The results of students’ activeness in Cycle I and Cycle II are 94% and 95%, respectively. There is also an improvement in students’ learning performance, as seen from the pre-tests and post-test results. The post-test results in Cycle I and Cycle II are 86% and 97%, respectively. The data analysis shows that applying the scaffolding method in Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning can improve students’ activeness and learning performance in class XI MIPA 6 at SMA Negeri 5 Madiun. Conclusions: Applying the scaffolding learning method to team games and tournament learning can increase the activeness and performance of students in the reproductive system material.
Fostering Biodiversity: Unleashing the Potential of Refugia to Enhance Arthropod Diversity in Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) Farms
Authors: Reksiana Catur Putri Enggit , Windriyanti Wiwin , Kusuma Ramadhani Mahendra
Published: January 2024

Background: The utilization of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) offers a solution to chili cultivation pest challenges by implementing ecological engineering strategies, such as planting refugia. These refugia serve as SNAP (Shelter, Nectar, Alternative Food, and Pollen) sources for beneficial insects. This study aimed to assess the impact of refugia planting on arthropod-type diversity and explore the influence of abiotic factors on arthropod populations. Methods: Conducted from February to May 2023, the research utilized various traps (sweep net, yellow trap, pitfall trap, and light trap) and visual control for specimen collection. Results: The identification revealed the presence of three classes, ten orders, and 31 families. Arthropod populations in chilli fields with refugia totaled 867 individuals, whereas those without refugia amounted to 475. Conclusions: Planting refugia led to an elevated diversity index and evenness of arthropods, coupled with a lower dominance index compared to fields without refugia. Surprisingly, temperature and air humidity did not exhibit a significant impact on the arthropod population in chilli fields.
Development and Implementation of Educational Games as Science Learning Media
Authors: Ziden Vera
Published: January 2024

Background: Science learning using computer-based learning multimedia can increase student learning motivation. One of them is by using digital educational games. However, the use of computer-based science learning media is still limited. This research aims to develop digital educational games as a learning medium on the classification of living things. Methods: Learning media development refers to the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation). Results: After a series of tests, the product is considered "good" and suitable for use in learning. Conclusions: Digital Education Games show that the media developed successfully increases student learning motivation.
CRISPR-Cas9 System In Vivo Delivery to Combat HBV
Authors: Ali Jahanzaib , Aslam Husnain , Yousuf Abida
Published: January 2024

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health issue despite the availability of HBV vaccine. The novel CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology efficiently helps to cure HBV by disruption or cleavage of HBV DNA. Aims: Several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of HBV-specific clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) systems in cleaving HBV DNA. Methods: In vivo, delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system at target sites remains a major challenge that needs to be resolved before its clinical application in gene therapy for HBV. Results: In this review article, we comprehensively evaluate the progress, challenges, and therapeutic potential of CRISPR-Cas9 gene therapy for HBV using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors as delivery vehicles. Conclusion: The CRISPR-CAS9, HBV, AAV, delivery methods of CRISPR-CAS9 component in vivo, challenges, and future perspectives in harnessing this innovative technology to combat HBV infection.
Pengembangan E-Module Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Pada Materi Sistem Reproduksi Manusia Terintegrasi Keislaman Kelas XI
Authors: Khasanah Purnama Uswatun , Ridha Nirmalasari  , Lestariningsih Nanik , Ayatusa'adah Ayatusa'adah
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Pada zaman sekarang, perlu bagi seorang pendidik untuk mempunyai keahlian dalam pembuatan pengembangan bahan pengajaran yang dapat mendukung dan membantu peserta didik dalam proses belajar. Bahan ajar yang dapat dikembangkan oleh pendidik salah satunya yakni bahan ajar berupa e-module. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengembangkan dan menciptakan sebuah produk bahan ajar berupa e-module yang berbasis inkuiri terbimbing pada materi sistem reproduksi manusia terintegrasi keislaman di kelas XI untuk SMA/MA. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa R&D (Research and Development) atau bisa disebut dengan penelitian dan pengembangan, model pengembangan yang digunakan ialah ADDIE. Model pengembangan ADDIE memiliki beberapa tahap yaitu Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evalution. Data hasil penelitian dikumpulkan melalui proses validasi produk e-module, observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, dan angket dari respon pendidik dan peserta didik. Data hasil uji coba analisis ini menggunakan data kuantitatif deskriptif. Uji coba produk dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan uji skala kecil di kelas XI MIPA 5 MAN Kota Palangka Raya. Hasil: E-module yang dikembangkan mendapatkan penilaian validasi ahli materi memiliki hasilsebesar 91% yang termasuk dalam kriteria “sangat layak”, validasi ahli media memiliki hasil 90,75% yang termasuk ke dalam kriteria “sangat layak”, dan validasi ahli tafsir memiliki hasil 78% yang termasuk ke dalam “kriteria layak”. Sedangkan hasil observasi keterlaksanaan mendapatkan 82,62% yang termasuk ke dalam kriteria “sangat baik”. Serta hasil data dari angket respon pendidik memiliki hasil sebanyak 75% yang masuk ke dalam kriteria “baik” dan angket respon peserta didik memiliki hasil 82,16% yang termasuk dalam kriteria “sangat baik”. Kesimpulan: Dari hasil data yang diperoleh dapat ditetapkan e-module berbasis inkuiri terbimbing pada materi sistem reproduksi manusia terintegrasi keislaman kelas XI layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Pendampingan Desain Tugas Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Berbasis RAIS bagi Guru-Guru Bahasa Inggris yang Menempuh Studi Magister
Authors: Arifani Yudhi , Suryanti Sri , Saputri Like Ayu
Published: January 2024

Selama ini desain tugas pembelajaran bahasa Inggris yang disedain oleh para guru-bahasa Inggris sifatnya rutinitas sehinga tidak dapat membantu optimalisasi kemampuan bahasa Inggris para seserta didik. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini diimplementasikan untuk membantu peningkatan profesionalisme para guru bahasa Inggris yang sedang menempuh program magister pendidikan bahasa Inggris dari berbagai sekolah di Jawa Timur ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam mendesain tugas pembelajaran bahasa inggris berbasis relevance, authentic, ill-structure, dan solveable (RAIS). Metode: Melalui metode FGD, pendampingan, dan workshop penyusunan tugas Bahasa Inggris ini di laksanakan selama satu semester yang diikuti oleh 48 guru Bahasa Inggris dari berbagai sekolah. Hasil: Adapun hasil yang diperoleh yaitu terpahaminya konsep RAIS, dan dihasilkanya berbagai model tugas pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris berbasis RAIS yang sudah diimplementasikan diberbagai sekolah di Jawa Timur. Peningkatan kompetensi guru terhadap desain tugas, perlu untuk terus dilakukan secara kontinu, mengingat pentingnya peran tugas dalam pembelajaran.
Sosialisasi Model Pembelajaran Snowball Throwing Berbantuan Media Audio pada Guru SMAN 6 Balikpapan untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan Belajar Siswa
Authors: Maryatin Maryatin , Rahmadhani Mutiara Suci , Apriliana Laila , Putri Lilis Asriani , Safitri Syntia Rizki Nur , Megawati Putri Ayu , Muklisum Dwi , Novitasari Riski , Maharani Swasti
Published: January 2024

Background: Keaktifan belajar siswa-siswa di SMAN 6 Balikpapan masih tergolong randah dan perlu ditingkatkan. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk memperkenalkan model pembelajaran snowball throwing pada guru SMAN 6 Balikpapan dan implementasinya di dalam pembelajaran. Metode: Kegiatan sosialisasi ini dilakukan melaui empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan/observasi, dan refleksi. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini diikuti oleh guru-guru di SMAN 6 Balikpapan sejumlah 20 guru. Setelah pemaparan materi sosialisasi, dilakukan sebuah uji coba kepada siswa kelas XII IPA 5 sebanyak 33 siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam uji coba ini adalah lembar pengamatan keaktifan belajar siswa. Hasil: Hasil pengimplemetasian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran snowball throwing efektif meningkatkan keaktifan belajar siswa kelas XII IPA 5 SMA Negeri 6 Balikpapan pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia materi novel sebesar 17,67%. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa model pembelajaran Snowball Throwing dapat meningkatkan keaktifan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia.
Kebun Botani UMSurabaya Sebagai Sumber Belajar dalam Praktik Mencangkok Tanaman Siswa SD Muhammadiyah 7 Surabaya
Authors: Asy'ari Asy'ari , Rahmayati Kamaliyah , Daesusi Ruspeni , Suharti Peni , Gayatri Yuni
Published: January 2024

Background: Pengabdian yang diimplementasikan ini merupakan kegiatan yang dilakukan secara kerjasama dengan SD Muhammadiyah 7 Surabaya sebagai bentuk dari salah satu pembuktian tri dharma perguruan tinggi UMSurabaya. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini melalui pengetahuan tentang mencangkok pada siswa sekolah dasar yang diperoleh secara teoritis pada pembelajaran di kelas. Tempat pengabdian ini lakukan di Kebun Botani FKIP UMSurabaya. Kebun Botani memiliki greenhouse yang menfasilitasi mahasiswa dan dosen melakukan penelitian maupun kegiatan ekstra.  Metode: Metode yang digunakan yaitu melalui persiapan pengabdian, dilanjutkan dengan pelaksanaan pengabdian di Kebun Botani dan Evaluasi Pengabdian. Hasil: Pada kesempatan ini, rombongan belajar siswa melakukan kegiatan praktik di luar kelas dengan materi mencangkok. Prodi Pendidikan Biologi sebagai mitra mampu mewadahi kegiatan yang sudah direncanakan pihak sekolah. Praktik mencangkok yang dilakukan oleh siswa SD Muhammadiyah 7 Surabaya dengan pembimbingan dan pendampingan dari dosen dan mahasiswa Program Studi Biologi di Kebun Botani UMSurabaya memberikan hasil Praktik secara langsung pada lingkungan nyata memberikan efek meningkatnya motivasi siswa untuk belajar. Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan siswa terhadap materi perkembangbiakan vegetative tanaman focus mencangkok mengalami peningkatan. Kebun Botani UMSurabaya menjadi sumber belajar yang menarik dan representative pada kegiatan pembelajaran praktik mencangkok bagi siswa SD Muhammadiyah 7 Surabaya.
Meningkatkan Rasa Nasionalisme Bagi Masyarakat Keturunan Indonesia Di Laensasi, Davao, Filipina
Authors: Muh. Arief Muhsin  , Ari Widayanti  , Aris Slamet Widodo  , Aan Kunaedi  , Henny Muliani
Published: January 2024

Background: Program pengabdian merupakan implementasi dari kerjasama antara Konsulat Jenderal Republik Indonesia di Davao di Filipina dengan Konsorsium Universitas Muhammadiyah se-Indonesia dengan melibatkan Davao de Ateneo University di Filipina yang bertemakan untuk meningkatkan nasionalisme dan ekonomi masyarakat Indonesia keturunan yang tinggal di Davao. Metode: Metode dilakukan dengan pendampingan dan penyuluhan dengan beberapa tahapan. Sekaligus memanfaatkan momentum perayaan kemerdekaan indonesia guna penguatan jiwa nasionalisme warga indonesia keturunan di Davao. Hasil: Didapatkan kendala pendidikan, sosio ekonomi dan serta rendahnya nasionalisme indonesia pada warga indonesia keturunan diDavao, Philipina sebagai dampak dari status non kewarganegaraan baik philipina maupun indonesia. Kesimpulan: Pengabdian ini diharapkan dapat menumbuhkan jiwa nasionalisme, melalui pengenalan budaya, bahasa, tarian, masakan, hingga pengenalan mapping geografis Indonesia bagi masyarakat keturunan Indonesia di Davao, Philipina.
Sosialisasi Politik Siber untuk Memperkuat Ketahanan Nasional dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Global
Authors: Aji M. Prakoso , Subakdi
Published: January 2024

Background: Sampah Background: Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) ini diselenggarakan untuk memberikan sosialisasi terhadap situasi yang dialami oleh masyarakat mengenai politik siber untuk memperkuat ketahanan nasional dalam menghadapi tantangan global. Kegiatan PKM ini bertujuan agar warga setempat memahami tentang semakin maraknya aktifitas politik di ruang siber saat ini. Dengan membaiknya situasi pandemi, maka kegiatan sosialiasi ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk tatap muka atau offline. Metode: Mitra PKM adalah RT. 008/ RW. 06 Komplek TNI AL, Pondok Labu, Cilandak, Jakarta Selatan. Jumlah peserta sekitar 20 orang. Sosialisasi ini memberikan sosialisasi mengenai bentuk politik siber yang memiliki peranan untuk memperkuat ketahanan nasional dalam menghadapi tantangan global yang semakin marak. Materi yang dijelaskan adalah mengenai pemahaman tentang politik siber, dan kebijakan apa saja yang sudah dilakukan pemerintah untuk meningkatkan kesadaran warga negara terkait pentingnya memiliki atensi terhadap politik, hingga bagaimana masyarakat dapat lebih meningkatkan kesadaran terhadap bidang politik yang saat ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan teknologi untuk memperkuat ketahanan nasional. Hasil: Meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat sekitar mengenai politik siber dan kaitannya dengan ketahanan nasional dalam menghadapi tantangan global. Kesimpulan: Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan sosialisasi politik siber ini memberikan pemahaman bagi warga untuk perlu memahami mengenai dinamika politik di ruang siber.
Pelatihan Penggunaan Aplikasi MAPLE Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Nabillah Faradiba , Sulistyono Eko , Aprilla Handayani Vitri
Published: January 2024

Pembelajaran berbantuan komputer sangat baik untuk diintegrasikan ke dalam pembelajaran matematika. Berbagai program komputer telah dikembangkan dan dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika, salah satunya adalah Maple. Maple merupakan software matematika yang kemampuannya tidak hanya sebagai alat bantu komputasi biasa, namun Maple dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu hitung untuk pembelajaran matematika, khususnya untuk materi matematika yang membutuhkan perhitungan yang rumit dengan berbagai macam notasi dan simbol yang harus digunakan. Maple dapat digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah matematika seperti aljabar, kalkulus, persamaan diferensial dan lain-lain. Selain itu, Maple juga menyediakan fasilitas untuk membuat grafik baik dua dimensi maupun tiga dimensi. Untuk mengukur pemahaman dan minat siswa dalam menggunakan aplikasi Maple, tim pengabdi membagikan angket pretest dan posttest untuk melihat apakah ada peningkatan pemahaman dan minat siswa dalam belajar matematika menggunakan aplikasi Maple. Hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan dalam rangka pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pemahaman dan minat siswa dalam menggunakan aplikasi Maple dalam pembelajaran matematika.