bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prototecosis en caninos en Costa Rica: ¿cuándo sospechar y qué buscar?
Authors: Campos-González Natalia B. , Calderón-Hernández Alejandra , Valverde-Altamirano Érika , Alfaro-Alarcón Alejandro
Published: February 2022

La prototecosis es una enfermedad causada por algas saprófitas, no clorofílicas, unicelulares y oportunistas del género Prototheca, que afecta, principalmente, a animales con inmunodeficiencias. En caninos, con la forma intestinal, se puede presentar inicialmente como diarrea sanguinolenta, pudiendo progresar a un cuadro sistémico; mientras que en felinos, generalmente, genera lesiones cutáneas. En Costa Rica, P. zopfii es la especie que se ha identificado con mayor frecuencia, y P. wickerhamii, una vez. El diagnóstico de esta enfermedad se puede realizar mediante distintas técnicas como: citología, histopatología, endoscopía, cultivo, reacción en cadena de polimerasa (PCR), método bioquímico, entre otros. El tratamiento recomendado es anfotericina B e itraconazol, los cuales son efectivos, principalmente, en felinos. Sin embargo, en caninos, con presentación sistémica, no existe un tratamiento efectivo. En caso de lesiones cutáneas, se recomienda la resección quirúrgica.
Manejo conservador de parafimosis en equinos: Revisión y reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Estrada-McDermott Juan , Somarriba-Soley Miguel , Zamora Valeria , Montero-Umaña Javier , Alfaro-Umaña Edgar , Vargas-Arrieta José , Estrada-Umaña Manuel
Published: February 2022

Un garañón, raza Costarricense de Paso, de 5 años, presentó un trauma de pene durante el coito. desarrolló parafimosis complicada con: edema, hematoma, infección local y ulceraciones cutáneas. Se efectúa una revisión de la literatura relacionada con aspectos importantes del tema, incluyendo la perspectiva de bienestar animal en reproducción caballar. Si se considera que el trauma de pene es un problema relativamente frecuente en equinos, es importante publicar esta información, para beneficio del profesional veterinario que trabaja en condiciones de campo sin el adecuado soporte de un hospital equino, como sucede en algunos países. Se describe cómo fabricar, caseramente, y aplicar un suspensorio genital para el manejo conservador exitoso del problema. Se exponen instrucciones generales para prevenir accidentes relacionados con el coito equino. Este tema se considera materia importante para evitar maltrato animal.
Impacto de la erosión hídrica sobre la rentabilidad de los productores agrícolas en el partido de Tres Arroyos, Región Pampeana Austral, Argentina
Authors: Sequeira Nahuel David , Vazquez Patricia
Published: February 2022

Mundialmente, la erosión hídrica se constituye como uno de los procesos de degradación de suelos más relevantes. Los objetivos del presente trabajo son: a) estimar la tasa de erosión hídrica actual y potencial y la variación de la pérdida total de suelos agrícolas del partido de Tres Arroyos (Región Pampeana Austral), para las campañas agroproductivas 1989/90, 2002/03 y 2019/20 y b) desarrollar un acercamiento a la estimación de la pérdida económica a causa de la merma de la productividad del suelo originada por la erosión hídrica en el área de estudio. Metodológicamente, se calcularon las tasas de erosión y pérdida de suelo y su evolución temporal, y se determinó la disminución del rendimiento de tres cultivos principales y su impacto económico. El partido demuestra, desde 2002/03, un aumento en la pérdida productiva, debido al incremento del área sembrada y la existencia de procesos erosivos; traduciéndose en un perjuicio económico sobre los productores, y en la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias enfocadas hacia un modelo de producción más sustentable.
Interacciones espaciales asociadas con el culto al Cristo Mojado en Los Ángeles, California, Estados Unidos.
Authors: Rosas-Paz Leonardo Daniel , Propin-Frejomil Enrique
Published: February 2022

El Cristo Mojado es una réplica del Señor de Esquipulas, Guatemala, llevada a Los Ángeles, California, de manera indocumentada, por migrantes devotos de origen centroamericano en el año 2003. A partir de su llegada, la devoción a la imagen se expandió y se comenzaron a articular relaciones espaciales a distintos niveles geográfico-escalares cuyo anclaje se sostiene por las diversas prácticas sociales de la comunidad migrante que se reúne en la Iglesia de Santa Cecilia. En este contexto, este trabajo revela  diversas interacciones espaciales asociadas con la devoción al Cristo Mojado de la Iglesia de Santa Cecilia en Los Ángeles. Para ello, se exponen posturas cognoscitivas asociadas con la teoría de la interacción espacial, se precisa la estrategia metodológica seguida en el lugar durante la fiesta patronal 2018 y se presentan los hallazgos investigativos asociados con la llegada de la imagen a la Iglesia de Santa Cecilia y la importancia espacial de su culto.
Alfabetización y pensamiento probabilístico en docentes de matemática, en formación inicial y en activo
Authors: Rodríguez-Alveal Francisco , Díaz-Levicoy Danilo , Aguerrea Maitere
Published: February 2022

El objetivo del presente artículo es caracterizar las habilidades de alfabetización y pensamiento probabilístico que las personas docentes de matemática, en formación inicial y en activo, utilizan cuando se enfrentan a problemas reales, donde interviene la incertidumbre. Para tal efecto, se siguió una metodología cualitativa, mediante un diseño de estudio de casos y el método de análisis de contenido. Como técnica para obtener información, se aplicó un instrumento de dos situaciones problemas en las cuales se solicitó respuesta a preguntas abiertas. Se realizó la selección de 55 participantes mediante un muestreo del tipo intencionado o por disposición, de los cuales 26 eran docentes en activo y 29 docentes en formación inicial. Entre los principales resultados se destacan que las personas docentes del estudio, tanto en formación inicial como en activo, no han desarrollado una competencia probabilística que transite por lo intuitivo, lo clásico y lo frecuencial, recurriendo esencialmente al significado clásico de probabilidad. Además, se evidencia un escaso desarrollo de ideas conceptuales y argumentativas que permitan comparar resultados empíricos y teóricos. En conclusión, se observa que las personas docentes seleccionadas, en formación inicial y en activo, no han desarrollado habilidades de alfabetización y pensamiento probabilístico, que posibiliten una enseñanza de la probabilidad que vaya más allá de lo algorítmico, promoviendo ambientes de aprendizaje para la alfabetización probabilística de los estudiantes en la etapa escolar.
Presentación
Authors: Segura Harold
Published: February 2022

La presentación es una memoria afectiva escrita para el programa de conmemoración convocado por la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica el 24 de septiembre de 2021: En memoria de Pablo Richard Guzmán: memoria de un exiliado.
Means for Quality Implementation and Assurance of Context-Aware Semantic Web Service Composition
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Andon P.I. , Slabospitskaya O.O. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: February 2022

Author’s Method for Adaptive Semantic Web Service dynamic composition is enriched with the algorithms for both its Context dedicated OWL-S-specification consistent using over its Life Cycle and Cyclic Dependencies at the function level solving with the Formalisms proposed of Knot-service, Proxy-service and Simplification – for sustain Quality implementing of Web Service being formed. Quality assurance for stakeholders is proposed through dynamic verification, in particular meeting the specified context and liveness, with the process Calculus of Context-aware Ambients. The algorithms proposed increase correspondence of Web Service being formed with Customers’ expectations and enable its sustain context-aware tailoring for unified support of both modern organizations’ variable and distributed Business Processes and some problem field Customers’ needs.
Study of principles, models and methods of FAIR paradigm of scientific data management for analysis for BIG data metadata
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Rogushina Yu.V. , Grishanova I.J. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: February 2022

In this research work we considere the basic principles, models and methods of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) scientific data management paradigm as a separate case of Big Data. This paradigm is focused on the reuse of scientific research results.Basic principles of FAIR apply to three types of entities: data (or any digital object), metadata (information about this digital object) and infrastructure. Information on various projects, initiatives and communities working on solving the problems of scientific data and their metadata integration is examined. We analyze how the properties of FAIR data contribute to the unification and integration of the scientific infrastructure in the paradigm of open science, which is based on free access to research results and open data.
Peculiarities of Computer Modeling of Thought Dissemination in Society on the Example of Student Society
Authors:   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Shevchenko V.V. , Berestov D.S. ,   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Sinitsyn I.P. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Petrivskyi V.Y. ,   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: February 2022

The paper considers methods of mathematical modeling based on the use of the theory of cellular automata as the main tool for modeling the processes of public opinion formation. As the object of modeling was chosen social behavior in the context of the acceptance of educational material in the science-centered approach. The theory of cellular automata was chosen as a modeling tool because it is a relatively simple and at the same time effective method for modeling the interaction of single-type objects. The developed basic cellular automata of the model has extended rules of determination of cell state and determination of cell vicinity. It has also been derived the dependence of the information perception coefficient on the difference between the state of the cell and its surroundings. These improvements allow the model to be used to predict changes in social group preferences.
The grammar of Petri-object model visual programming language
Authors:   NTUU ", Dyfuchyn А.J. ,   KPI", Stetsenko I.V. ,   NTUU "KPI", Zharikov E.V. ,   NTUU "KPI"
Published: February 2022

Petri-object models solve the problem of replicating fragments of Petri nets with given parameters and constructing a model from a large number of elements. The developed visual programming language of Petri-object models gives a possibility to reduce the number of errors during a model construction by automating the coding links between elements and graphical representation of a model. In addition to replicating Petri objects, the visual language implements replication of links between Petri objects. Formalization of the visual programming language grammar is presented in the form of production rules. A conclusion about grammar properties has been drawn.
Interpelações pastorais à teologia e à eclesiologia no universo pós-pandemia
Authors: Rodrigues Ferreira Reuberson
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo arguir algumas interpelações à ciência teológica e à eclesiologia no panorama pós-pandemia. Quer-se interrogar sob o prisma da teologia e da eclesiologia, qual a interpretação possível para os desafios vividos durante a pandemia. Igualmente quais possibilidades, desafios e limites urgem uma reflexão acurada a partir desses dois campos do saber. Refletir-se-á sobre a pandemia e as pandemias que ela revelou e, por fim, serão pontuados alguns elementos que se apresentam como desafios e possibilidades à teologia ante a crise que se vive.
Seismic design force level for precast concrete diaphragms
Authors: Ghosh S. K.
Published: February 2022

This paper provides guidance for determining seismic design force level for topped precast concrete diaphragms. This has been a controversial topic ever since ASCE/SEI 7-16, Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures, introduced a section titled “Alternative Design Provisions for Diaphragms” and mandated its use for precast concrete diaphragms in buildings assigned to seismic design category C, D, E, or F.
Optimized ultra-high-performance concrete horizontally curved bridge superstructure
Authors: Alawneh Musa , Tadros Maher , Sun Chuanbing
Published: February 2022

Horizontally curved bridges have been mostly built with steel plate I-girders or tub girders. In the past 15 years, curved concrete girders have been successfully used in several states, including Nebraska, Colorado, and Flor­ida. This paper addresses the design of curved concrete girder bridges using ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) by combining state-of-the-art spliced girder technology and UHPC technology. It also proposes a number of unique features that result in further simplifi­cation of precast concrete production and construction. Critical design criteria are discussed. The system devel­opment of curved UHPC girder bridges and necessary construction steps are elaborated through a numerical example of a three-span bridge, which shows greatly reduced concrete quantities when compared with re­cently constructed curved concrete girders. With UHPC designed as proposed here, horizontally curved bridges are expected to be cost competitive with conventional concrete and more economical than structural steel.
Caring control or controlling care? Double bind facilitated by biometrics between UNHCR and Syrian refugees in Jordan
Authors: Paragi Beata , Altamimi Ahmad
Published: February 2022

Biometric technologies are increasingly used by governments and international organizations in the context of refugee protection and control. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the ‘double bind’ embedded in the collection and processing of biometric data by exploring the experiences of Syrian refugees residing in Jordan. While taking biometric data is part of the UNHCR-registration, it is also used for other purposes, such as providing assistance and tracking movement. The findings are based on desk research and empirical data collected in Jordan. While stakeholders with vested interests argue for the benefits of technology, critical research is more concerned with human rights, unintended consequences of humanitarian governance or surveillance humanitarianism. Refugees, upon registration, seem to be more concerned with smooth and uninterrupted access to aid. While due to their vulnerable position they cannot really afford considering the consequences of giving their biometric data when they are asked to do so, sharing their biometric data entails a double bind situation. On the one hand, international organizations (such as the UNHCR and the WFP) in cooperation with commercial actors use iris scans as a payment method promising better food security for Syrian refugees in Jordan. On the other hand, the very same biometric data can be used for controlling, if not blocking, their free movement. The double bind logic implies that refugees registered with their biometrics can enjoy care only if they tolerate sophisticated control too.
Mahāyāna Buddhism
Authors: Senshō Murakami
Published: February 2022

In this chapter, the author investigates the Mahāyāna Buddhism but also explores what is Hīnayāna Buddhism, in order to achieve a better sense of Mahāyāna Buddhism.
The Buddha as Preacher
Authors: Chizen Akanuma
Published: February 2022

In this chapter, the author focuses on presenting the story of Buddha as a great preacher and religious as he was.
The Unfolding of the Nenbutsu Teaching
Authors: Shizutoshi Sugihira
Published: February 2022

This chapter explores the origins of Nenbutsu practice which can save the Pure Land doctrine and teaching.
The Buddha and Shinran
Authors: Shūgaku Yamabe
Published: February 2022

The aims of this chapter is to trace the reason why such Mahāyāna texts as the Sukhāvatīvyūha-sūtra had to grow out of the religious consciousness of the primitive Buddhists, and further to expound the teaching of Shinran 親鸞 (1173–1262), who popularized by means of the Sukhāvatīvyūha doctrine the deep truth most inwardly realized by the Buddha.
Shin Buddhism as the Religion of Hearing
Authors: Kenshō Yokogawa
Published: February 2022

In this chapter, the author affirms that the fundamental types of religion are quite different from those ever given by the scholars. The Seeing and the Hearing types are what Kenshō wants to proffer instead of those above mentioned.
Was the Buddha an Exclusivist?
Authors: Vélez de Cea Abraham
Published: February 2022

This chapter challenges exclusivist interpretations of the Buddha, and proposes alternative readings of early Buddhist texts that allow for the existence of the ultimate goal of the spiritual life outside Buddhism. The chapter clarifies the differences between exclusivist and non-exclusivist exegesis of the Buddha and suggests that exclusivist readings of his thought are a later scholastic development in the history of Buddhism. The main thesis of the chapter is that the Buddha cannot be considered an exclusivist because he did not understand the Dhamma and self-enlightened beings (paccekabuddhas) in sectarian terms as being the monopoly of any school. What the Buddha excludes from being paths to the final goal of the spiritual life are specific teachings incompatible with the Dhamma and the Noble Eightfold Path. This exclusion of specific teachings rather than of entire schools entails “specific exclusivism,” which is different from holding a sectarian “exclusivist view” of all non-Buddhists traditions anywhere and at any time.
Buddhism and the Religious Other: Twenty-First Century Dambulla and the Presence of Buddhist Exclusivism in Sri Lanka
Authors: Harris Elizabeth J.
Published: February 2022

Buddhism is sometimes characterized as having an inclusivist attitude to the religious Other. In the second decade of the twenty-first century, however, an exclusivist approach to the religious Other emerged in Sri Lanka. Using the case study of a Buddhist temple in Dambulla, this chapter examines the conditioning factors behind this phenomenon. It is divided into four sections. The first examines recent theoretical approaches to Buddhism and inter-religious encounter, and argues that a spectrum of Buddhist approaches to the Other has long been present in text and tradition. The second offers background information about the Dambulla temple and its leading monk, Inamuluwe Sumangala Thero. The third explores three representations of the mosque attack, those of Sumangala, the Hindus of Dambulla, and secular analysts. The fourth suggests three conditioning factors for the dominance of Sumangala’s representation and the emergence of what could be considered an uncharacteristically exclusivist Buddhist approach to the religious Other within South Asian Buddhism.
Religious Diversity and Dialogue: A Buddhist Perspective
Authors: Tilakaratne Asanga
Published: February 2022

With the understanding that one’s views on religious diversity shapes one’s attitude to interreligious dialogue, in this chapter I try to articulate how the Buddha perceived the phenomenon of religious diversity and then to discuss how this perception could inform the Buddhist practice of interreligious dialogue. I begin this discussion with reference to the diversity of views held by the Roman Catholics themselves on interreligious dialogue and the Colonial and more recent history of dialogue in the local context of Sri Lanka. Next I move on to discuss Buddhism’s own self-understanding as a non-theistic system. In order to support the non-theistic claim of Buddhism I produce two arguments, one philosophical and the other experiential, both derived from the discourses of the Buddha. Having supported the non-theist stance of Buddhism, I propose that the Buddhist attitude is to be open to religious diversity while upholding the position that nirvana is the ultimate goal irreducible to any other similar goals. The discussion shows that to accept diversity is not necessarily to accept pluralism in religion, and that this position does not preclude Buddhists from engaging in interreligious dialogue.
How Nonsectarian is "Nonsectarian"?: Jorge Ferrer’s Pluralist Alternative to Tibetan Buddhist Inclusivism
Authors: Duckworth Douglas
Published: February 2022

This paper probes the criteria by which Buddhist philosophical traditions are evaluated, particularly those that are articulated in what came to be referred as the ‘nonsectarian’ (ris med) tradition. The essay queries the assumptions of the hierarchical structures of ‘nonsectarian’ traditions and attempts to articulate evaluative criteria for a nonsectarian stance that are not based solely on metaphysical or tradition-specific claims.
Kajian Semiotika Dalam Film
Authors: Mudjiono Yoyon
Published: February 2022

Film memiliki nilai seni tersendiri, karena film tercipta sebagai sebuah karya dari tenaga-tenaga kreatif yang profesional di bidangnya. Film sebagai benda seni sebaiknya dinilai dengan secara artistik bukan rasional. Studi perfilman boleh dikatakan bidang studi yang relatif baru dan tidak sebanding dengan proses evolusi teknologinya. Semiotika merupakan suatu studi ilmu atau metode analisis untuk mengkaji tanda dalam suatu konteks skenario, gambar, teks, dan adegan di film menjadi sesuatu yang dapat dimaknai. Memaknai berarti bahwa obyek-obyek tidak hanya membawa informasi, dalam hal ini obyek-obyek itu hendak berkomunikasi, tetapi juga mengkonstitusi sistem terstruktur dari tanda yang digunakan dalam film tersebut.
Komunikasi Sosial Pelaku Amoral Terhadap Makna Agama
Authors: Moefad Agoes Mohammad
Published: February 2022

Maraknya kasus penipuan, pengingkaran janji, perusakan hak milik orang lain, mencelakakan orang lain dengan kekerasan fisik, pembunuhan, perkosaan dan perzinaan merupakan bukti nyata hancurnya derajat manusia yang memiliki nilai kemanusiaan universal. Ajaran agama mengandung klaim kebenaran yang bersifat universal, ini memungkinkan terjadinya ambiguitas interpretasi menurut tingkat pemahaman, penghayatan, dan moralitas spiritual penganutnya. Untuk itu, untuk menghindari perbedaan makna untuk mewujudkan kedamaian sosial masyarakat merupakan nilai universal. Dengan nilai ini, semua manusia melalui agamanya diharapkan dapat hidup secara damai, menghormati, toleransi dan bekerja sama dalam permasalahan sosial
Komunikasi Bisu Dramaturgi
Authors: Bahfiarti Tuti
Published: February 2022

Dramaturgi
Analisis Naratif Gus Dur dalam Bingkai Novel Peci Miring
Authors: Miftahul Huda Faiz , Pardianto Pardianto
Published: February 2022

Gus Dur adalah tokoh Nusantara yang dapat dikategorikan berpengaruh dalam peradaban manusia, perjalanan hidupnya menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi sebagian orang. Penulisan Biografi Gus Dur menggunakan media komunikasi novel dirasa efektif di era globalisasi seperti saat ini. Bagaimana sosok Gus Dur dikonstruksikan Aguk Irawan Dalam Novel Peci Miring. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis naratif deskripstif dengan pendekatan konstruksivisme. Tujuannya adalah memahami konstruksi Aguk dalam menarasikan realitas Gus Dur.

Hasil penelitian adalah Pertama, Proses konstruksi narasi cerita dalam membangun realitas Gus Dur Aguk bertumpu pada kultural (nilai), intepretasi serta tanggung jawab diri penulis yang dikenal oleh kebanyakan orang sebagai sastrawan. Dengan nalar kesadaran menggunakan media komunikasi novel, membalut cerita dari sudut pandang yang jarang diketahui oleh  kebanyakan orang. Kedua, popularitas Gus Dur sebagai guru bangsa penunjang akan dibangunnya realitas Gus Dur. Yang dapat mempertemukan realitas Gus Dur yang dibangun oleh penulis dengan khalayak pembaca. Hasilnya adalah proses budaya, obyektivikasi, realitas dan cerminan baru terhadap sosok Gus Dur. Ketiga, proses konstruksi narasi terhadap Gus Dur dirasa dapat menginspirasi pembaca
Budaya Komunikasi Blater di Desa Tambuko Kecamatan Guluk-Guluk Kabupaten Sumenep Madura
Authors: Rizal Saiful
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang bagaimana budaya komunikasi blater yang ada di desa tambuko kecamatan guluk-guluk kabupaten sumenep. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengungkap bagaimana bentuk-bentuk komnikasi yang dilakukan oleh blater dalam lingkungan sosial masyarakat Desa Tambuko Kecamatan Guluk-Guluk Kabupaten Sumenep Madura. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Bentuk komunikasi blater yang yang dilakukan secara simbolik lebih mudah lakukan serta diterima oleh masyarakat desa tambuko, seperti mengikuti adat-istiadat yang memang harus di lakukan, dan tidak melakukan tindakan kriminal di lingkungan desa. Blater itu sendiri dapat menunjukkan eksistensinya sebagai seorang blater melalui komunikasi yang bersifat simbolik, dan hal itu menjadi budaya komunikasi tersendiri bagi blater yang ada di Desa Tambuko. (2) Seorang blater memiliki nilai-nilai tersendiri di mata masyarakat karena tindakan yang mereka tunjukkan. Apabila seorang blater dapat memberikan keamanan bagi warga desanya maka dia akan mendapatkan nilai tersendiri dari tindakannya itu.

Masyarakat akan menilai bahwa blater tersebut betul-betul kuat dan punya pengaruh yang besar dalam dunia kriminal, dan patut untuk dihormati. Blater dalam proses komunikasi secara langsung (verbal) tidak terlalu sering dilakukan. Komunikasi secara verbal dilakukan hanya sekedarnya saja, dan lebih suka komunikasi secara langsung apabila membutuhkan sesuatu atau menghadapi masalah serius yang memang harus diselesaikan dengan jalan pembicaran.
Relações que entremeiam leitor e livro: da materialidade à afetividade
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Vieira Goulart Ilsa do Carmo , de Almeida Ferreira Norma Sandra ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: February 2022

Este texto considera que ocorre um jogo de representação que desencadeia em tornodo objeto-livro múltiplossignificados, que repercute nosmodosde produçãoe recepção. O artigotem porobjetivoestudaro livro, emsuamaterialidade, enquantoobjetode atraçãoe de significadoafetivo, comotambém asmaneiras pelasquais osleitores se relacionamcomestematerial.Através daanálise dosdepoimentos dealgunsautoresqueescreveramsobresuarelaçãocom o livro ou de fragmentos de váriasobrasque, deformaintegralouparcial, tematizam olivrocomoobjetoconcreto,além doconteúdoqueele carrega, buscar-se-ácompreendercomo se constituemsentidosdiversossobre/comum objeto-livro. Otexto tomarácomobaseteórica asproposições de Chartier (1990, 1994, 1996a, 1996b, 1999), numaabordagem daHistória Cultural
Comprensión y producción oral y escrita en la enseñanza del español para los tres ciclos de la educación secundaria mexicana: entre lo deseable y lo posible
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Fregoso Peralta Gilberto
Published: February 2022

Se reporta el análisis de tres libros vigentes para la enseñanza del idioma español en los cursos respectivos de la asignatura, dentro del nivel educativo secundario mexicano. Motivaron la pesquisa dos propósitos: explorar sus contenidos e implementación, así como estimar si tal proceso sentaba un precedente idóneo para el trayecto académico posterior, ello al constatar de manera cotidiana las limitaciones que en materia de dominio del lenguaje muestran nuestros alumnos de licenciatura y posgrado, tanto en la comprensión como en la producción oral y escrita. El resultado plantea un dilema susceptible de alimentar una polémica oportuna, de un lado, la propuesta en cuanto a contenidos y didáctica es ambiciosa, compleja y requiere el acceso a recursos lo mismo simbólicos que tecnológicos sofisticados, actuales y probablemente eficaces en ámbitos donde se disponga de ellos, de otro, para muchos entornos de nuestra realidad socioeconómica nacional sería excesiva, incumplible, descontextualizada
Copies: Composition, Structure, Analytical Markup
Authors:   Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Baranov Victor
Published: February 2022

The article gives grounds for marking up machine-readable transcriptions of medieval Slavic manuscripts, which serve as textual material for the historical corpora, the excerpts are viewed as possessing valuable codicological or textological characteristics. Composition analysis of four manuscripts from the Slavonic Parimejnik (12 th – 14 th cc.) and modeling their structure with application of generally accepted tools of linguistic analysis have enabled solving the following tasks: analytical units identification, text format elaboration and search process algorithmization based on the natural language units characteristics. A suggested format of lectionaries description includes data on the section (sub-section) of the liturgical year, the number of the lectionary in this section, textual composition in relation to the texts of the Bible, the topic. The format of dates, days and time of lectionaries reading throughout the year includes data on the section (sub-section), the date of the fixed calendar or the week and the day within the section (sub-section) of the nonfixed calendar, the time of the church service, the event to which the service is devoted. The markup of the Parimejnik texts included indication of the excerpts boundaries and determination of their relations with the dictionary unitwith the aim to ensure the parallel corpus of four Slavic manuscripts of the Parimejnik with ranging the corresponding excerpts at the level of the lectionaries and Bible verses within the corpus "Manuscript" (manuscripts.ru).
Machine vs Human Translation in the Synergetic Translation Space
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Sokolova Natalia
Published: February 2022

The paper focuses on English-to-Russian translations of patent applications on the website of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). A comparative analysis of patent applications is performed by using translations made with the help of the WIPO Translate tool and human translators within the framework of the synergetic translation space concept encompassing the domains of the author's intensions, text content and composition, energy, translator, recipient, and the translation acceptability notion. The translation erratology aspects were considered from the point of view of the semantic, referential, and syntactic ambiguity within the domains of content-composition and energy space. In the domain of the author, the intention to convey some technical information is revealed, while its rendering in the content-composition and energy domains depends on whether the translation is made by a person or a machine. Genre- and composition-related specifics have been rendered in both cases while machine translation errors have been proven to result from the semantic, referential, or syntactic ambiguity, and this is when the translated output is generally considered unacceptable by the recipient. The results obtained can be used for editing machine translations of patent documentation, assessing the quality of technical documentation translation that is referred to other specific genre conventions.
Linguosemiotic Realization of the Concept Shape Shifting in the English Folk Culture (Based on the Folk Tale Discourse)
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Plakhova Olga
Published: February 2022

The research objective consists in the study of the linguosemiotic manifestation of the concept shape shifting in the English folk culture. The present work allows to identify the concept structure as a scenario frame whose structural minimum comprises the classifiers: the "subject of the shape shifting", "object of the shape shifting", "action" and "circumstances of the action". The temporal and causal classifiers as well as the "state of the shape shifting object" and "consequences of shape shifting" belong to the optional ones having irregular linguosemiotic actualization. The English folk tale discourse demonstrates the diversity of the linguosemiotic manifestation of the concept represented by items of a wide range of codes (zoomorphic, ornithomorphic, amphibiomorphic, reptilemorphic, somatic, artifact, mineral, coloromorphic, temporal, numerological, esoteric, manipulative, etc.). The article confirms the idea that the original and the transformed shapes of the objects of shape shifting are opposed in the English folk tale discourse as "alive – dead", "beautiful – ugly", "sublime – terrible". In its complete form the concept shape shifting can be revealed within one folk text more than once. All the elements of the structural-meaningful minimum are proved to remain constant; only the intention of the subject of the shape shifting becomes variable. Accordingly it concerns either casting a spell on, or taking a spell off, or punishing for doing the evil (shape shifting as retribution). The paper contains the examples of a discursive link between the first two shape shifting motifs (enchantment – disenchantment) manifested by the conditions of regaining the original shape.
“You detain yourself if you detain children”: Educators’ perceptions of detention as an alternative to corporal punishment
Authors: Mayisela Simangele
Published: February 2022

Detention as a method of disciplining children in South African schools has been mandated by the post-apartheid legislative abolition of corporal punishment. Educators have traditionally used corporal punishment to discipline children since the inception of schooling in colonial times. In this article I report on a qualitative case study conducted in the Mpumalanga province, South Africa, where 26 educators participated in the study. Observations and key stakeholder interviews in line with the Cultural Historical Activity Theory were used to explore primary school educators’ transition from using corporal punishment to using alternative forms of punishment, with specific reference to detention. Findings suggest that educators view detention as contradictory to the objectives of schooling, cumbersome in application, contextually irrelevant, and ineffective.
Epidemiological analysis of stroke patients with emphasis on access to acute-phase therapies
Authors: ROSÁRIO Camila Favoreto do , FERNANDES NETO Walker Garcia , PESSOTTI André Luiz , RODRIGUES Beatriz Cardoso , BAPTISTA Juliana Diniz , SEGATTO Marcela , NUNES Vinicius Santana , BARBOSA Leandro de Assis , PEREIRA Abraão Ferraz Alves , MOTA Christiane Lourenço , FIOROT JÚNIOR José Antônio
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Background: Stroke is a public health problem. For patients with ischemic stroke, venous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy are effective therapeutic options. However, even after the National Stroke Treatment Guidelines were published in 2012, the number of cases treated is still lower than expected. Objective: To identify the determining factors for obtaining access to acute-phase therapies in the state of Espírito Santo (ES) and investigate the profile of stroke patients treated at the Central State Hospital (HEC). Methods: Retrospective data from the medical records of 1078 patients from May 2018 to December 2019 were analyzed. Results: Among the 1,078 patients, 54.9% were men and the most prevalent age group was 60 to 79 years. Systemic arterial hypertension was the main single risk factor. Regarding treatment modality among the patients who arrived at the HEC within the therapeutic window, 47% received some type of acute-phase therapy. Waking up with the deficit was the main contraindication for venous thrombolysis in these cases. Conclusions: Application of the flowchart established by SESA-ES seemed to be effective for enabling responsiveness of care for stroke victims. Public emergency transport services had a fundamental role in this process. In addition, the care provided by the tertiary stroke center provided excellent access to acute-phase therapies. However, despite the efficiency of the service provided at the HEC, it only reached a maximum of 50% of the ES population. This service model therefore needs to be expanded throughout the state.
Serum levels of irisin and nesfatin-1 in multiple sclerosis
Authors: ALTAŞ Mustafa , UCA Ali Ulvi , AKDAĞ Turan , ODABAŞ Faruk Ömer , TOKGÖZ Osman Serhat
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative autoimmune chronic neurological disease. Currently, there are no effective serum biomarkers to verify MS diagnosis, to assess disease prognosis, and evaluate response to MS treatment. Objective: The present study is a preliminary assessment of irisin and nesfatin-1 serum levels in patients with relapsing- remitting MS (RRMS). Methods: A total of 86 participants, 42 patients with RRMS diagnosis and 44 healthy controls were included in the study. The serum irisin and nesfatin-1 parameters of the patients and control group members were analyzed. Results: Irisin and nesfatin-1 levels of the RRMS patients were significantly lower than the controls (z: -3.82, p<0.001; z: -4.79, p<0.001, respectively) The cut-off level of irisin is 10.390 (ng/mL) (sensitivity: 84.1%, specificity: 71.4%, AUC: 0.800), and the cut-off level of nestatin-1 is 7.155 (ng/mL) (sensitivity: 68.2%, specificity: 64.3%, AUC: 0.739) in the ROC analysis. For these cut-off levels in the case-control groups, the lower irisin and nesfatin-1 levels are the independent variables for MS patients (OR 9.723, 95%CI 2.884-32.785, p<0.001; OR 3.992, 95%CI 1.336-11.928, p<0.001) respectively. Conclusion: The present study revealed lower irisin and nesfatin-1 levels in patients with RRMS. These findings suggest that the decreased levels of irisin and nesfatin-1 peptides may contribute to MS pathogenesis such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in MS, leading to demyelination, axonal damage with neuronal loss, and gliosis.
Ultrasonographic assessment of lower limb muscle architecture in children with early-stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: BULUT Numan , KARADUMAN Ayşe , ALEMDAROĞLU-GÜRBÜZ İpek , YILMAZ Öznur , TOPALOĞLU Haluk , ÖZÇAKAR Levent
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Background: Muscle imaging methods such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging have been used for many years to determine the dystrophic process in muscular dystrophies. However, the knowledge regarding muscle architecture in children at early-stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) with different functional levels is limited. Objective: To explore the effect of functional level on muscle architectural properties in children with early stage DMD and the difference between DMD and typically developing (TD) peers. Methods: Thirty children with DMD (15 Grade 1 and 15 Grade 2 according to the Vignos Scale) and 5 TD peers were included. Ultrasound imaging was used to measure muscle thickness (MT), fascicle length (FL), and pennation angle (PA) of vastus lateralis (VL) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles bilaterally. Results: The MT and FL values for VL, and MT, FL and PA values for MG muscles were higher in children with DMD compared with those of TD peers (p<0.05). The FL of VL, and MT and FL of GM muscles of children with DMD Grade 2 were higher than those of children with DMD Grade 1 (p<0.05). Conclusions: MT and FL are increased in children with DMD compared with TD peers. Additionally, muscle architecture seems to be affected even at the early stages of the disease.
Treatment-related fluctuations in Guillain-Barré syndrome: clinical features and predictors of recurrence
Authors: ALESSANDRO Lucas , CASTIGLIONE Juan Ignacio , BRAND Patricio , BRUNO Veronica , BARROSO Fabio
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Background: A treatment-related fluctuation (TRF) in a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is defined as clinical deterioration within two months of symptom onset following previous stabilization or improvements with treatment. Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and factors that could increase the risk of relapse of GBS in patients with and without TRFs. Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of patients (>18 years) with GBS evaluated between January/2006 and July/2019. Demographic and clinical characteristics, ancillary studies, treatment received, and the clinical course of patients with and without TRFs were analyzed. Results: Overall, 124 cases of GBS were included; seven (5.6%) presented TRFs. GBS-TRF cases were triggered more frequently by infectious mononucleosis (28.57 vs. 8.55%; p=0.01). GBS-TRF were initially treated with plasmapheresis more frequently than those without TRF (14.29 vs. 1.70%; p=0.0349). Combined treatment (71.43 vs. 4.27%; p<0.001) and corticosteroids (42.86 vs. 1.71%; p<0.001) were more commonly used in the GBS-TRF group. GBS-TRF patients presented a higher median initial disability score (4 vs. 2; p=0.01). Conclusions: Patients with GBS triggered by infectious mononucleosis and a high degree of initial disability have higher chances of developing TRFs. Although patients with TRF were treated with plasmapheresis more often, the total number was too low to suggest a link between plasma exchange and TRF.
Atendimento pré-hospitalar às tentativas de suicídio: um estudo transversal
Authors: Moura Edmércia Holanda , Sousa Cyntia Meneses de Sá , Araújo Olívia Dias de , Mascarenhas Márcio Dênis Medeiros
Published: February 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar o atendimento pré-hospitalar às vítimas de tentativa de suicídio. Métodos: Estudo transversal com dados de atendimento pré-hospitalar realizado pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU), em Teresina, Piauí, no período de julho/2015 a dezembro/2018. Foram realizadas análise descritiva com o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou teste exato de Fisher e análise da densidade das tentativas de suicídio pela estimativa de Kernel. Resultados: Os atendimentos às tentativas de suicídio predominaram em mulheres (60,9%), adultos de 20 a 29 anos (28,4%), residentes na Região Centro/Norte (35,9%), aos domingos (16,5%) e nos turnos da tarde (32,9%) e noite (34,9%). Foram relatados reincidências de tentativas (9,2%), histórico de atendimento psiquiátrico (14,1%), uso abusivo de álcool (17,5%) e outras drogas (4,6%). O atendimento em ambulâncias de suporte avançado e maior mortalidade antes do socorro foram mais frequentes em vítimas do sexo masculino (40,8% e 5,8%, respectivamente). A Zona Centro/Norte da cidade concentrou as ocorrências para ambos os sexos. Conclusões: Os atendimentos pré-hospitalares às tentativas de suicídio em Teresina demonstraram grande demanda por vítimas do sexo feminino e jovens e maior densidade de ocorrência na Zona Centro/Norte da cidade. O uso de bebida alcoólica, os meios de autolesão mais letais e a mortalidade foram associados ao sexo masculino. Faz-se necessário divulgar essas informações, capacitar os profissionais sobre a prevenção e abordagem às tentativas de suicídio, além de promover políticas públicas capazes de reduzir as tentativas de suicídio.
The bipolarity of Alberto Santos-Dumont: flights and falls of the “Father of Aviation”
Authors: Cheniaux Elie
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: Discussing the psychiatric diagnosis of Alberto Santos-Dumont, considered in Brazil to be the inventor of the airplane, who was admitted to psychiatric institutions several times and committed suicide. Methods: A narrative review was carried out on the psychopathological manifestations he presented, based on some of the most important biographies about the aviator. No scientific article on the topic was found. Results: Depressive episodes were well characterized. Behavioral changes that suggest manic episodes have also been reported. Conclusion: He probably suffered from bipolar disorder.
Dinâmica temporal e espacial e fatores relacionados à mortalidade por suicídio entre idosos
Authors: Silva Isaac Gonçalves da , Maranhão Thatiana Araujo , Sousa George Jó Bezerra , Silva Taynara Lais , Araujo Geovana Almeida dos Santos , Sousa Daniele de Brito , Pereira Maria Lúcia Duarte
Published: February 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a dinâmica temporal e espacial e os fatores associados à mortalidade por suicídio entre idosos (≥60 anos de idade) no Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo ecológico que analisou os óbitos por suicídio ocorridos entre idosos na região Nordeste do Brasil, no período de 2010 a 2019. Foram realizadas análise temporal por Joinpoint , análise espacial segundo município de residência e análise multivariada pelo modelo Ordinary Least Squares Estimation , considerando-se p < 0,05. Resultados: No período analisado, foi observado crescimento significativo de 3,0% (IC95%: 1,1-4,9; p < 0,001) ao ano na mortalidade por suicídio. Espacialmente, as taxas mais elevadas foram observadas prioritariamente em municípios do Piauí, Ceará e Rio Grande do Norte. Foram identificados quatro clusters de suicídio estatisticamente significativos (p < 0,001). O cluster primário (2010-2019) abrangeu 141 municípios do Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte e Paraíba, que apresentaram risco 2,3 vezes maior de ocorrência de suicídio quando comparados aos demais municípios da região. Os indicadores índice de Gini (β = 14,02; p = 0,01), taxa de analfabetismo (β = 0,20; p < 0,001) e taxa de envelhecimento (β = 0,36; p = 0,02) apresentaram associação positiva com o suicídio entre idosos, enquanto razão de dependência (β = -0,31; p < 0,001) e taxa de desocupação (β = -0,25; p < 0,001) apresentaram associação negativa. Conclusão: Houve aumento significativo do suicídio entre idosos na região Nordeste, com maior concentração em quatro clusters espaciais localizados prioritariamente no Ceará, Paraíba, Piauí e Rio Grande do Norte. A associação com indicadores socioeconômicos reforça aspectos de vulnerabilidade dos idosos a esse tipo de agravo e auxilia na formulação de propostas de intervenções que promovam a sua redução.
Um manifesto para moçambique: a terceira via de Ngoenha e Castiano
Authors: Bussotti Luca
Published: February 2022

Resumo: Mergulhado numa profunda crise de valores, com uma classe política altamente corrupta e incapaz de oferecer perspetivas credíveis para o seu futuro, Moçambique viu os filósofos Ngoenha e Castiano abrir um debate inovador, mediante a proposta de um Manifesto ético-político. O Manifesto preconiza uma “terceira via” alternativa à primeira (a socialista, sem liberdades, mas com justiça social), assim como à segunda (a liberal, com liberdades individuais formalmente garantidas, mas sem solidariedade, nem justiça social), de forma a re-fundar o sentido de uma identidade coletiva nacional abalada pela perda de um projeto comum à jovem nação moçambicana. O artigo aqui apresentado procura, além de compulsar o significado da proposta, dar uma interpretação da mesma, enfatizando os méritos, assim como destacando as limitações, construindo o diálogo entre o Manifesto e a tradição filosófica moçambicana e, no geral, africana. A conclusão é de que o Manifesto representa uma das pouquíssimas contribuições para voltar a pensar Moçambique, a partir da sua “historicidade”, nos seus aspetos éticos, políticos e identitários, numa altura de crise generalizada do país.
Ressonâncias e ontologias outras: pensando com o pensar Bantu-Kongo
Authors: Santos Tiganá Santana Neves
Published: February 2022

Resumo: À luz de aspectos fundamentais do pensar bantu-kongo e em consonância com pensadores contemporâneos, tais como Bunseki Fu-Kiau e Zamenga B., este artigo aspira a refletir acerca de ontologias distintas daquelas hegemônicas euro-ocidentais. Tais ontologias são vivenciadas em parte do continente africano e foram deslocadas para territórios afrodiaspóricos, como o Brasil, ainda que com adaptações, por meio de práticas cosmológicas que situam a ancestralidade em lugar central. As ideias de “mesmo pluriontológico” (conforme nós cunhamos, com base hermenêutica na filosofia kongo), opacidade (a partir da sugestão teórica de Édouard Glissant), estágios do cosmograma kongo, vazio, transmutação, inclinação à outridade, ciência do feitiço, sistema, entes ecológicos, inter-ações propõem possibilidades complexas de ser-viver, em relação, as quais se distanciam, radicalmente, de metafísicas e éticas desenvolvidas no seio do pensamento ocidental, assim como podem com elas dialogar, o que faz com que, ao pensar do lado da margem afrodiaspórica do Atlântico, consideremos as tensões entre esses distintos modos de pensar que ocupam espaços assimétricos nos construtos históricos.