bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Perception of the Impact of Sports Practice on Students in School Settings
Authors: Di Domenico Felice , Ceruso Rosario , Aliberti Sara , Esposito Giovanni
Published: April 2024

Objectives. The importance of physical activity is often underestimated, particularly by students, although there is some scientific evidence to support this. There is a lack of data on studentsʼ perceptions of sports practice, focusing on the aspect of well-being and the positive benefits of the latter, including in the school environment. The objective is to quantify the impact of sports practice on the well-being of secondary school students in the school setting.
Materials and methods. The sample taken consists of 25 students belonging to the first grades of the State Industrial Technical Institute “G. Cardano” in PAVIA. A questionnaire consisting of 16 questions was developed in order to investigate the relationship between well-being and physical activity among the students. Then, the responses to the questionnaire questions were analyzed, applying chi-squared test analysis to understand any significance among the qualitative variables.
Results. It was found that for the respondents, the relationship with sports is 16% indifferent, 4% not positive and 80% favorable. A first significant relationship was analyzed, between the amount in terms of frequency of sports activity and the studentsʼ feelings in the classroom while practicing (p = 0.001); and a second significant relationship was found between the amount in terms of frequency of sports activity and the studentsʼ feelings during the exercises (p = 0.003).
Conclusions. The main conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that sports activity has a positive impact on studentsʼ school life, influencing their physical and emotional well-being, enhancing a sense of inclusion and empowerment, and increasing motivation to achieve  personal goals.
Features of Special Physical Training for Female Athletes in Cossack Fight during Different Phases of a Specific Biological Cycle
Authors: Lytvynenko Andrii , Mulyk Viacheslav , Dugina Liana
Published: April 2024

Background. The training methods for female athletes’ special physical training are considered to be a crucial aspect of the overall preparation system for competitive activity, which requires correct planning and implementation.
Objectives. The study aimed to determine the impact of special preparatory exercises on female athletes engaged in Cossack Fight, depending on the characteristics of the body’s functioning in different phases of a specific biological cycle.
Materials and methods. The study involved 20 female athletes aged 17-24 years who participated in Cossack Fight, and were divided into experimental and control groups. The qualification levels of female athletes in the experimental group were as follows: 1 – Master of Sports of Ukraine; 2 – Candidates for Master of Sports of Ukraine; 7 – 1 sports category. The control group comprised: 1 – Master of Sports of Ukraine; 2 – Candidates for Master of Sports of Ukraine; 7 – 1 sports category. The training program lasted for ten weeks and took place at a special preparatory and control-preparatory stage of the preparatory period.
Results. The findings showed that the variability of training loads, depending on the phase of the ovarian-menstrual cycle, had a statistically significantly greater impact on the indicators of special physical fitness in the female athletes’ experimental group compared to the control group. Thus, after ten weeks of special physical training, the experimental group demonstrated a significant increase in the number of direct punches on the punching bag in 4 seconds (t=4.07; p<0.001) and 15 seconds (t=3.62; p<0.001), throwing a medicine ball weighing 3 kg (t=2.92; p<0.05), repeated circular kicks on the punching bag to the torso level for 15 seconds (t=4.22; p<0.001), direct punches on the punching bag for 1 minute (t=4.23; p<0.001), repeated circular kicks on the punching bag for 1 minute (t=4.49; p<0.001), and jumping rope after exercise (a 3-minute punching bag workout) for 1 minute (t=3.55; p<0.001). 
Conclusions. The implementation of an experimental program for special physical training of female athletes, in accordance with the phases of the ovarian-menstrual cycle, into the general system of preparation for competitive activity, leads to a statistically reliable improvement in key indicators of physical fitness.
“Multimodal” Fits All: Revisiting the Relevance of Perceptual Learning Styles in Higher Education Today
Authors: Ghobain Elham , Zughaibi Abdullah A.
Published: April 2024

Teaching has been continuously evaluated in light of learning styles research. This highlights the significance of investigating learning styles that may be evolving in tandem with changes in the contemporary era. This study assumes that twenty-first-century students share characteristics not based on unimodal models of learning styles, particularly in higher education. It supports multimodality at both the learning and teaching levels since learners typically prefer and share various learning styles. It employs the field's most influential learning styles framework, Reid's (1987) perceptual learning styles instrument, to investigate the validity of that assumption. To add to and question the corpus of literature that exists in the field, we looked at Saudi university-level learning styles in relation to gender and academic major as independent variables. Participants were identified as English as a foreign language (EFL) student from various academic majors. The quantitative research design of this study revealed that neither academic major nor gender significantly affected the learners’ preferences. Participants demonstrated a diversity of preferences for perceptual learning styles, with minimal overall differences. Nonetheless, they favored auditory learning over group and kinaesthetic styles. It was observed that students with an English major preferred individual learning styles. Research in the field, including the current study, found some discrepancies in PLS tendencies across different contexts and factors. With such inconsistent patterns, multimodal education is a good opportunity for teachers and educationists.
Potencial transmisión congénita de la enfermedad de Chagas en la segunda generación de jóvenes embarazadas que asistieron a su control prenatal en el departamento de Cordillera, Paraguay
Authors: Meza Graciela , Sánchez Zunilda , Cerecetto Hugo
Published: April 2024

Trypanosoma cruzi es el agente causal de la enfermedad de Chagas. En Paraguay se estima que existen 165.000 personas infectadas y actualmente la principal vía de transmisión es la congénita, con una prevalencia del 5% y con alrededor de 400 niños infectados nacidos por año. El departamento de Cordillera es área endémica de la Región Oriental del país, donde se implementó el Programa de Control Prenatal de Chagas en el año 1995. El objetivo de este estudio fue inferir sobre la potencial transmisión congénita de la enfermedad de Chagas en jóvenes embarazadas de segunda generación de Cordillera que asistieron a su control prenatal en el período 2010-2012, 15 años después de la implementación del Programa de Control Prenatal. De 9.588 embarazadas; 482 fueron seropositivas (5%); 2,74% en el grupo de 12 a 19 años, 4,93% de 20 a 30 años, 8,03% de 31 a 40 años y 16,11% de 41 a 48 años. Para estimar el origen de la transmisión congénita de segunda generación se tuvo en cuenta a las 72 seropositivas de 12 a 19 años y según la base de datos de las respectivas madres 61 eran seropositivas. Con esta información se estima que la transmisión a embarazadas de segunda generación de 12 a 19 años fue congénita en un 85% indicando una transmisión congénita muy significativa en la población de estudio. Esta información ayudaría al Programa Nacional de Chagas en el fortalecimiento del control de la transmisión congénita de la enfermedad de Chagas en el país.
Prevalence of Accidents in Smaller Amish Settlements: 2015–2022
Authors: Stein Rachel E. , Dewalt Mark W.
Published: April 2024

Many Amish people engage in manual labor tasks at work, on the farm, and at home. As such, the daily risk for injury is high. The primary mode of transportation, horses and buggies, also creates opportunities for accidents and injuries. Much of the research on injuries among the Amish focuses on hospital reports, capturing only the most severe injuries. Research is also limited by a focus on injuries to children. Many safety programs are tailored toward people living in large Amish settlements, as more people can be reached. We use accident reports submitted to The Diary, a monthly newspaper, to determine the type and prevalence of accidents in small Amish communities. Accidents related to falls, manual labor, and buggy and/or vehicle crashes are the most prevalent forms of injury across age groups. Most accidents do not involve serious injuries and are likely to escape the purview of mainstream medicine. The prevalence of accidents at the house or on the property involving young children suggests that culturally appropriate prevention measures tailored to daily activities would be helpful to lower the incidence of injury.
Emergency resection for stage II colon cancer: patterns of recurrence and prognostic factors
Authors: Kaewubon Panchaphon , Savangvarorose Chawisa , Suvahkhan Prim
Published: April 2024

Background: The prognosis in colon cancer patients who undergo emergency curative resection remains uncertain. This study aimed to analyze the oncological outcomes in stage II colon cancer patients who underwent emergency or elective colon resection and identify the prognostic factors for recurrence following emergency resection.
Methods: Patients in this study underwent curative resection for stage II colon cancer between March 2008 and December 2020. Based on surgical condition, patients were divided into two groups: emergency and elective. The two groups were compared regarding clinicopathological features and postoperative recurrence. Prognostic factors for recurrence were analyzed in the emergency resection group.
Results: Among 161 patients, 60 and 101 patients were emergency group and elective group, respectively. The emergency group had significantly lower adequately harvested lymph nodes than the elective group (p=0.02). The emergency group had significantly poorer disease-free survival compared to the elective group (p=0.019). The most common recurrence site was local recurrence. No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in recurrence site. The presence of lymphovascular invasion and clinical perforation were prognostic factors for recurrence in the emergency resection group.
Conclusion: Emergency resection for stage II colon cancer is associated with poor disease-free survival compared to elective resection. The prognosis may improve by performing appropriate radical surgery including extensive lymph node dissection. Adjuvant chemotherapy should be performed following emergency surgery for stage II colon cancer, especially when lymphovascular invasion or colonic perforation is identified.
Complications of Ilizarov method treatment for infected nonunion femoral shaft fracture
Authors: Hossain M. Zakir , Chandra Sarker Manash , Alam M. Jahangir , Ferdousi Naima , Mollah M. Abdul Gani , Huda Setu Nazmul , Manzur Raquib Mohammad , Bhowmik Devolina
Published: April 2024

Background: Infected non-union of the femur is complicated by the involvement of soft tissue and bone, long-term resistant multi-bacterial infection, limb length discrepancy, deformities, joint stiffness, and multiple draining sinuses, and poses a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. This study aimed to analyze the complications of Ilizarov method treatment for infected non-union femoral shaft fracture.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the national institute of traumatology and orthopedic rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from May 2018 to August 2020. A total of 20 patients were selected as study subjects by purposive sampling technique. All data were collected using a pre-formed questionnaire. Data were processed and analyzed using computer software program SPSS version 22.0.
Result: The mean bone gap created during the operation was 2.7±1.7 cm of them, in 12 (60%) patients, it was 0 to 2 cm, and in 8 (40%) patients it was more than 2 cm. The mean time needed for radiological union was 7.85±2.1 months ranging from 5 months to 11 months. In 10 (50%) patients, union was achieved within 4 to 7 months, and in 10 (50%) patients it was 8 to 11 months. Regarding limb length discrepancy, in 5 (25%) cases there was no limb length discrepancy (LLD). Twelve patients had 1 cm to 2.4 cm LLD and 3 (15%) patients had ≥2.5 cm LLD. The mean LLD was 1.2±0.9 cm. Regarding complications, in 10 (50%) cases, there was no complication and 10 (50%) patients had complications. The complications were pin tract infection in 7 (35%) patients and wire loosening in 3 (15%) patients.
Conclusions: The study concludes that while the Ilizarov ring fixator proves to be a dependable and successful method for stabilizing, correcting length discrepancies, and eliminating infections, it is not without its share of complications. The findings of this research indicate a 50% complication rate among the patients undergoing this treatment.
Green Packaging: Carrageenan with Clove Oil Nanoencapsulation
Authors: Gebrina Amanda Dwi , Laksono Hendrawan , Soraya Maya , Nasori Achmad Sofian , Wiguna Bangkit , Putri Renny Primasari Gustia , Harianto  , Purwoto Heri
Published: April 2024

The global urgency surrounding plastic waste-induced pollution has ignited significant interest in the biodegradable packaging sector, leading to a dynamic and expanding realm of biodegradable research. Nonetheless, effectively incorporating active agents into packaging materials faces hurdles related to stability and durability. This study takes a momentous leap in this context by shedding light on the transformative potential of integrating clove oil in macro and nanoencapsulation forms into carrageenan-glycerol matrices. A highlight emerges in the remarkable enhancement achieved through nanoencapsulation—a technique that substantially bolsters packaging performance. This improvement is evident in a noteworthy reduction of water vapor transmission, plummeting from an initial 11.011 to merely 6.903 g.mm m-2 d-1. This nearly fifty percent reduction underscores the efficacy of nanoencapsulation in enhancing packaging attributes. Concurrently, the study delves into the nuances of the carrageenan-clove oil composition, unveiling its profound influence on packaging strength, by systematically increasing the carrageenan-clove oil ratio, packaging strength triples, soaring from an initial 0.421 to an impressive 1.434 N/mm. Concerns of heightened brittleness due to increased carrageenan content are firmly dispelled, substantiated by consistent tensile stress values. In summary, this comprehensive investigation advances the core attributes of biodegradable packaging and presents a strategic and adept approach to address the intricate sustainability issues. Through adept manipulation of clove oil integration, the study pioneers the evolution of biodegradable packaging materials, paving the way for a more sustainable and environmentally conscious future.
Ergonomic Factors Which Affect the Work Productivity of Clove Flower Harvesters
Authors: Suarbawa I Ketut Gde Juli , Yusuf M. , Sudiajeng Lilik
Published: April 2024

The height of the cloves at which they begin to flower, which is about 20 meters, is a factor that affects the clove harvesting procedure. This means that collecting cloves at height necessitates using tools that ensure worker safety. The agricultural industry is susceptible to ergonomic work risks resulting from several elements, such as worker characteristics, job demands and procedures, work organization, and environmental conditions. It is necessary to prioritize people as the critical consideration in defining work or human-centered design to manage ergonomic risks. This research analyzes the risk facts for clove flower pickers with a comprehensive method covering task, organization, and environment. This study was conducted during the clove flower harvest season from July to September 2023 at the plantation in Munduk Village-Bali, with 107 participants. Data on ergonomic hazards from internal and external factors before and after work were collected from MSDs and predicted using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire; fatigue was measured using the Core questionnaire Quality of Life (EORTC QLQ- C30), rating pulses were measured using a pulse meter. The data obtained were analyzed using SEM (Structural Equation Model). Significant differences were p < 0.05. The results of the research show that internal factors, particularly age, exert a negative influence on productivity. External factors, including body posture, time conditions, social conditions, information conditions, and human-tool interactions, significantly influenced productivity. This highlighted the importance of optimizing the "human-machine-environment" system to enhance safety, efficiency, and overall well-being.
Development and Working Test of Microcontroller-based Automatic Seedling Tools for Hydroponic Systems
Authors: Syahruddin Kaseng Ernawati , Syifani Mutmainnah Ashta , Mukhlis Andi Muhammad Akram
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to design a tool that is able to monitor moisture and light automatically and knowing the performance of lettuce seeding tools that are able to monitor moisture and light automatically, this research is descriptive research using the type of Research and Development (R &; D) research with the Waterfall method.  The variables controlled are light and moisture using soil moisture sensors and grow light. The automatic seedling tool modification process consists of 3 stages including making mechanical components, electronic comments, and functional checking and product testing. The data obtained from the sensor readings will be displayed through the LCD screen on the control box. The results showed that the seedling tool can monitor moisture when the moisture is below 60%, the pump will be on and when the moisture is above 60%, the pump will be off, and the light produced with grow light will turn on at 06.00 to 18.00 pm every day. Researchers recommend adding moisture to every shelf, growing lights or LED sensor lights, and fans for further research based on their findings. As a consideration and reference resource addressing the current science on the manufacture and performance test of seedling tools that are able to monitor moisture and light automatically. incorporating the most recent ideas and information on creating and evaluating seedling equipment with automatic light and moisture monitoring. It is anticipated that this researcher will serve as a seeding industry reference.
Establishment of Reference Value of 20 Amino Acids for Toddlers by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Pasaribu Merci Monica br , Immanuel Suzanna , Sjarif Damayanti Rusli , Timan Ina Susianti , Malik Safarina G. , Mansyur Muchtaruddin , Simanjuntak Ernawati
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Amino acids are one of the essential metabolites, especially the 20 amino acids that are preserved as the building blocks of protein. Alterations in amino acid concentrations are related to disease such as inborn error of metabolism, cancer, as well as nutritional status. Hence, it is necessary to define reference values of 20 plasma-free amino acids for Indonesian toddlers and to establish a robust measurement technique using chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (MS).METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional preliminary study to establish reference values. The sample was prepared by mixing plasma with 20% sulfosalicylic acid. Plasma-free amino acids were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) non-derivatization technique using column XTerra for chromatographic separation coupled with tandem MS. Amino acids reference values were taken from 101 healthy Indonesian toddlers aged 1-3 years old. Since amino acids data were not Gaussian distributed, the lower and upper of the reference value was established from the 5th percentile and the 95th percentile, respectively.RESULTS: Analysis for 20 amino acids was validated. The accuracy ranged from 90.53-105.39% and the precision ranged from 0.06-3.80%. The limit of detection range was 1-2 nmol/mL, and the limit of quantification range was 2-4 nmol/mL. The result was linear, with R2 higher than 0.998. There was no significant difference between boys and girls for all amino acids except for glycine.CONCLUSION: HPLC with tandem MS method can be used to evaluate amino acids in clinical practice. The reference values obtained are specific for aged 1-3 years old from urban areas in Indonesia. The study suggests that for each population, the reference values for amino acids should be established.KEYWORDS: amino acids, high-performance liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry, reference values, Indonesia
Irisin, A Fascinating and Multifunctional Protein: Implication for Health
Authors: Defi Irma Ruslina , Meiliana Anna , Dewi Nurrani Mustika , Wijaya Andi
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), or also known as irisin, has been identified for two decades but almost completely disregarded for 10 years. It is present in skeletal muscle, heart, and brain, and in reaction to exercise can transform white adipose tissue into brown. Since then, irisin has gained a lot of attention for its potencies in treating metabolic disorders. In this review article, the potential future of irisin especially on metabolism and aging process will be discussed.CONTENT: Sedentary lifestyle is acknowledged as risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, immune system issues, asthma, and neurological or heart illness. Irisin is secreted by muscle cells when exercising, produced after the proteolytic cleavage of FNDC5 protein. Irisin has positive impacts on maintaining physiological balance including reducing inflammation, keeping the bone homeostasis, as well as influencing metabolic processes and the neurological system function. Due to these many and advantageous characteristics, irisin could be a possible choice for preventing and managing disorders associated with modern society, and finding the agents to increase irisin can be beneficial.SUMMARY: Irisin offers a fresh potential basis for kinesitherapy and shows promise as a therapeutic target due to its various biological activities. Irisin pathway can be activated through dietary changes, the use of natural substances and drugs and can interact with this signalling pathway which involved peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and uncoupling protein mRNA 1 (UCP1) to resolve obesity and its metabolic comorbidities.KEYWORDS: irisin, FNDC5, exercise, inflammation, obesity, nervous system
Theodor W. Adorno: Auschwitz’ten Sonra Ahlak Sorunsalı
Authors: Polat Selvihan
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmada, Theodor W. Adorno’nun normatif bir ahlak teorisi oluşturmak yerine ahlak teorilerinin eleştirel reddine yönelerek yadsıyıcı bir perspektif geliştirdiği iddia edilmektedir. Bu savı destekleyecek en önemli uğrak ise trajik bir deneyim olan Auschwitz olayıdır. Agamben’in benzettiği şekliyle, kurbanla celladın birbirine benzediği gri bölge olan Auschwitz, insanlığın imhasıdır ve ahlaki yıkımın en ağır göstergesidir. Soykırımın gerçekleştiği bir yer adından daha fazlasını dile getiren “Auschwitz”, nasıl yaşanması gerektiğine ilişkin iyi yaşam öğretilerinin ortaya koyduğu reçetelerin yol açtığı ahlaki bir yıkım olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu yıkım ve onu meydana getiren koşulların hâlâ devam ediyor oluşu, mevcut koşullarda ahlaki ve doğru yaşamın kapalı olduğuna dair bir inanca yol açmaktadır. Adorno’yu bu inanca iten unsurlar ise; geç kapitalizm, araçsal akıl nosyonu, kültür endüstrisinin “uyum” dayatan buyruğu, soğukluk ve kayıtsızlıkla karakterize edilen hakim burjuva eğilimidir. Birbiriyle iç içe olan bu unsurlar, sadece ahlaki alandaki çürümeye değil yaşama dair tüm öğelerde tahribatlara yol açmaktadır. Adorno’nun eleştirel felsefesi, yoğun bir bunalımın yaşandığı döneme rağmen, teslimiyete izin vermeyerek Auschwitz benzeri felaketlerin tekrar meydana gelmemesi için “ne yapılmaması” üzerine yoğunlaşan negatif bir kategorik buyruktan söz etmektedir. Rasyonel temellendirmeye izin vermeyen yeni negatif kategorik buyruk, Kant’ın kategorik buyruğunun aksine somut acıdan yola çıkmaktadır. Bu yönüyle Adorno’nun sözünü ettiği yeni kategorik buyruk, etik bir teori oluşturmanın aksine tam olarak evrensel ilkelerin geçerliliğini ve etik sonuçlarını eleştiriye tabi tutmaktadır.
The Opportunity for Profit to College Student-AthletesAnalysis Study
Authors: Aly Ezzeldin R. , Elmahdy Sherin Y.
Published: April 2024

A recent study by Romero (2018) suggests that NCAA athletes should receive better compensation. College student-athletes put in much time and energy, but many do not receive adequate pay. High school athletes’ chances of participating in college sports are lower without scholarships. It is time to recognize their value and provide financial support. (NCAA) is a nonprofit organization that regulates collegiate sports, and this study emphasizes the livelihood of collegiate student-athletes and the rules they must follow. Furthermore, the study compares the coach’s salaries with collegiate student-athlete student-athletes to profit from their crafts. The researchers gathered data from various literature and randomly surveyed over 400 college students, used a systematic review approach, Chi-squared test, and descriptive statistics to review the evidence, and analyzed the survey data using the Statistic Package for Social Science (SPSS). In addition, the study explores the opportunity for compensating student-athletes and investigates the salaries of “celebrity” coaches and the minimal financial compensation or stipend student-athletes receive while playing for these coaches. The current study found that college and university sports leaders should not view student-athletes as mere athletes but as valuable assets that create organic growth for their college athletics and the NCAA benefits from endorsement and advertising deals. The result indicated that athletes should be able to earn extra money that raises their living standards above the poverty line, while college sports generate billions of dollars for universities, broadcasters, and sponsors. University coaches are signing multi-million-dollar contracts while their players are forced to live off $12,000 on average, and most of the money goes toward their tuition, room, books, board, and class needs. The study supports that the Supreme Court recently allowed colleges to provide “education-related” payments to student-athletes. The decision permits student-athletes to pursue endorsement deals based on their name, image, and likeness.
Implikasi Pelunakan Pengaturan Asas Legalitas dalam KUHPN Terhadap Konsep ‘Hukum Yang Hidup Dalam Masyarakat’
Authors: Edwing Gregorio  , Dewi Adi Kusumastuti  , I Gusti Komang Wijaya Kesuma
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The inclusion of "living law" in Article 2 of the Criminal Code (KUHPN) has sparked a national debate concerning the static character of criminal law against the dynamic essence of living law. This study aims to investigate the growth of the concept of living law and the material legality principle following its development in the KUHPN. It is conducted as normative legal research and essentially consists of evaluating relevant documents and legislation. The results indicate that the KUHPN have the potential to alter the nature of living law, which was originally dynamic and encompassed both criminal and civil realms, into a static framework largely focused on criminal issues. The expansion allows for a softer application of the criterion of legality in criminal law enforcement, as punishment is regulated not only by laws but also by area rules.
 
Abstrak
Akomodasi “hukum yang hidup” pada Pasal 2 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHPN) menimbulkan perdebatan nasional karena hukum pidana bersifat statis sedangkan hukum yang hidup bersifat dinamis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali pergeseran konsep hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat dan dampak dari perluasan asas legalitas materiil terhadap paradigma asas legalitas setelah diatur dalam KUHPN. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang fokus melakukan studi pustaka terhadap literatur dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang relevan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa akomodasi hukum yang hidup pada Pasal 2 KUHPN berpotensi menggeser maknanya yang semula bersifat dinamis dan tidak membedakan ranah pidana dan perdata menjadi bersifat statis serta cenderung menjadi ranah pidana saja. Perluasan asas legalitas di dalam KUHPN tidak hanya berimplikasi pada eksistensi hukum yang hidup tetapi juga berdampak pada penegakan hukum pidana. Perluasan itu memberikan ruang bagi pelunakan penerapan asas legalitas dalam penegakan hukum pidana karena pemidanaan tidak hanya diatur di dalam undang-undang tetapi juga diatur dalam peraturan daerah.
Perlindungan Hukum Tersangka Terhadap Proses Penyidikan Yang Menyelenggarakan Konferensi Pers
Authors: Mochammad Geraldieanandra
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Police officer investigators have essential standings on starting the criminal justice system. In order to duty call, they are entitled with authority in itselves to discover and gather evidences which enlights the criminal act and determine the suspect. KUHAP as criminal procedure contains authority for Investigator to enforce the base of law state. Common practice in terms of conducting investigation is doing conference press as manifestasion of institusion accountability. Conference press has big impacts for the suspects which should be highly thorough the authority of Investigators. The purpose of this research is studying the authority of Investigators to conduct the conference press. Legal prescripstion would be the result of this research which stating conference press as legally conduct or illegaly conduct by Investigators. Criminal procedures as a reference Investigator action to create legal certainty and legal orderliness.
 
Abstrak
Peranan Penyidik dalam penegakan hukum pidana berada pada garda terdepan sebagai suatu langkah awal dimulainya sistem peradilan pidana. Didalam melaksanakan perintah jabatan tersebut, Penyidik dibekali dengan sebuah kewenangan yang melekat padanya untuk mencari serta mengumpulkan bukti yang dengan bukti itu membuat terang tentang tindak pidana yang terjadi dan guna menemukan tersangkanya. KUHAP sebagai hukum formiil merupakan acuan kewenangan bagi penegak hukum sehingga dengan demikian dasar utama negara hukum dapat ditegakkan. Praktik umum yang diterapkan oleh Penyidik didalam proses penyidikan adalah menyelenggarakan konferensi pers. Konferensi pers tersebut menimbulkan dampak yang besar bagi Tersangka itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kewenangan yang melekat kepada Penyidik didalam penyelenggaraan konferensi pers tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan sebuah preskripsi hukum terhadap berwenang atau tidaknya Penyidik didalam melangsungkan kegiatan konferensi pers tersebut. Dasar kewenangan yang jelas sebagai batu uji validitas perbuatan Penyidik diharapkan memberikan kepastian dan keteraturan didalam hukum.
Exploring the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid-probiotic combination on Lactobacillus and liver enzyme levels for cholestasis management: An experimental study
Authors: Nur Muhammad Hasbi , Lestari Endang Sri , Budiono Bernadus Parish , Prasetyo Sigit Adi , Muniroh Muflihatul
Published: April 2024

Background: Cholestasis arises from compromised bile secretion due to hepatocyte dysfunction, leading to liver impairment. Available treatments show limited efficacy, with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) being a primary option. Cholestatic conditions influence gut microbiota; therefore, probiotic therapy emerges as a potential approach. Objective: This investigation aimed to evaluate the impact of combined administration of probiotics and UDCA on Lactobacillus levels, as well as the levels of the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in rats with restricted common bile ducts .Methods: A total of 35 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 7 groups, each comprising 5 members: K1 (healthy control), K2 (negative control with cholestasis), K3 (positive control with cholestasis given UDCA), K4 (cholestasis given 36 mg probiotics), K5 (cholestasis given 18 mg probiotics and UDCA), K6 (cholestasis given 36 mg probiotics and UDCA), and K7 (cholestasis given 54 mg probiotics and UDCA). The treatment duration was 21 days, during which blood samples were collected for AST and ALT analysis. Lactobacillus count was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of fecal samples.Results: When UDCA and probiotics were given together in three different dosages, the Lactobacillus count significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to the other groups. Furthermore, compared to the other treatment groups, the UDCA-probiotic combination group exhibited noticeably lower AST and ALT values.Conclusion: Combining UDCA and probiotics elevated Lactobacillus count and decreased AST and ALT levels in cases of cholestasis more effectively than single therapy.
Surgical treatment options in chronic subdural hematoma: A literature review
Authors: Husodo Kharisma Ridho , Suryonurafif Akhmad
Published: April 2024

Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is one of the most common neurosurgery cases in daily practice. Chronic subdural hematoma is clot formation in the subdural space between the dura mater and the arachnoid layer. Due to its progression, clinical presentation of cSDH mostly appears 4 to 8 weeks after a traumatic brain injury. It is the duration needed for the hematoma to grow large enough to cause severe neurological symptoms such as decreased consciousness, hemiparesis, and other signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. There are three main options to treat cSDH. Conservative treatment, surgical treatment, and embolization of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) are widely used to manage this condition. Predominantly, surgical treatments used by neurosurgeons around the world are craniotomy, burr hole (BH) craniostomy, and twist drill (TD) craniostomy. Each of these procedures has advantages and disadvantages. This literature review aimed to consider the characteristics of several treatment options for cSDH and their technique. This review recommends BH craniotomy due to its benefits based on its complication and recurrence rates. Burr Hole craniotomy has a lower complication rate than craniotomy and a lower recurrence rate than TD craniotomy. Twist drill craniotomy is selectively considered for certain patients since this procedure is commonly performed at the bedside without general anesthesia. Craniotomy is recommended as a treatment option for persistent recurrence of cSDH or patients with massive subdural hematoma.
The correlation between pentraxin-3, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Harun Harnavi , Dewi Amelia Fitria , Amelia Rinita
Published: April 2024

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is diagnosed when there is a sustained decrease in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) over a period of more than 3 months. While Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels increase during the acute phase of the kidney injury, chronic conditions often exhibit alteration in the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT).Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the correlation between serum PTX-3, MMP-9, and eGFR in patients with CKD. Method: Thirty hypertensive patients with CKD stages 3, 4, and 5, aged between 16 and 65 years, were enrolled in the study (15 males and 15 females). Diagnosis of CKD was based on the 2012 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria, utilizing serum creatinine, and CKD-epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) estimates. Subsequently, serum MMP-9 and PTX-3 levels were quantified. Result: Patients with CKD exhibited significantly higher serum levels of PTX3 and MMP9. Furthermore. a significant negative connection between PTX-3, MMP-9, and EGFR was observed. Additionally, CKD patients displayed a correlation between PTX-3 and MMP-9 concentrations.Conclusion: Plasma levels of PTX-3 and MMP-9 serve as unique, promising, and important markers that contribute to the pathogenesis of CKD.
A Theory of Reasoned Action-Based Study Predicting Factors of Chronic back pain sufferers’ Physical Activity Behavior to Exercise
Authors: Delshad Mohammad Hossein , Hidarnia Alireza , Pourhaji Fatemeh
Published: April 2024

Background: Low-level physical activity (PA) among Chronic Low Back Pain (cLBP) is associated with various biopsychosocial factors. This research aimed to study the predictors of PA behavior among cLBP patients. Methods: In the present study 300 eligible patients with cLBP who referred to comprehensive health service centers in the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS) in Tehran, Iran were random selected.To diagnose the predictors of PA behavior, all the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) constructs were examined as risk factors to see if they influence on the probability of PA behavior occurrence and were interpreted through odds ratio (OR). SPSS version 19 was used to analyze the data. Results: Totally 280 cLBP patients with mean age of 57.07 ±13.09 years old participated in the study. This study showed that motivation to comply significant predictor the cLBP patients for subjective norm OR (%95CI): 2.095(0.116-2.792), p-value<0.001), intention was significant predictor for perform the PA behavior OR (%95CI): 1.431(0.138-1.538), p-value <0.001), behavior beliefs could predictor for attitude OR (%95CI): 1.276(0.106-1.355), p-value= 0.002). attitude, normative beliefs, subjective norm ,and evaluation outcome behavior could predictors the cLBP patients for intention to perform the PA behavior OR (%95CI): 1.188(0.032-1.312), p-value<0.001)., OR (%95CI): 1.158(0.076-2.208), p-value=0.003) ., OR (%95CI): 1.104(0.076-1.128), p-value<0.001) ., OR (%95CI): 0.814(0.301-1.440), p-value=0.007). Conclusions: This study showed that the cLBP patients who were normative beliefs and evaluation regarding PA behavior could effect on the intention to engage in greater PA than those via other constructs (attitude and subjective norm). This study showed that the cLBP patients who were normative beliefs and evaluation regarding PA behavior could effect on the intention to engage in greater PA than those via other constructs (attitude and subjective norm). This study showed that the cLBP patients who were normative beliefs and evaluation regarding PA behavior could effect on the intention to engage in greater PA than those via other constructs (attitude and subjective norm).
Effects of Training through Induced Variability on Performance in the Forehand Approach Shot in Tennis
Authors: Oliveira Vinicius , Menayo Ruperto , Fuentes-García Juan Pedro
Published: April 2024

(1) Background: Learning and training in variable conditions favors adapting to unstable or changing environments. The aim of the study was to test the effect of variable practice on the accuracy of the forehand net approach shot in tennis.; (2) Methods: Thirty (n=30) first-class national players (12.9 ± 1.1 years old) participated, divided into three groups: i) induced variability training (n=10) (varying court surfaces and balls), ii) specific training (n=10) and iii) usual training -control group- (n=10). All groups trained for a month: 12 sessions of 20 minutes -3 per week-. The accuracy of the shots were analyzed through a 2D capture and digitization process of the ball bounce on the court; (3) Results: The variability group presented better accuracy values after the period without practice than the stable training group (p = 0.041; ES= 0.51).; (4) Conclusions: the application of variability in the game conditions during tennis training seems to have a favorable effect on the retention of accuracy in the forehand down the line approach to the net.
Prevalence and Clinical Burden of Venous Thromboembolic Events (VTEs) in Contemporary Total Knee Arthroplasties (TKAs) in US Hospitals
Authors: Bulut Halil Ibrahim , Maestre Maria Jose , Tomey Daniel
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Introduction: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common orthopedic procedure driven by factors such as an aging population, rising obesity rates, and surgical advancements. Despite improved venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis, eradication remains challenging, necessitating personalized prevention strategies. This study aims to identify predictors of VTE following TKA. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database (2016-2021) included 367,365 patients who underwent TKA (CPT code 27447). Univariate and multivariate analyses assessed preoperative factors associated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Results: Significant associations were found between demographic and clinical variables and VTE prevalence. Notable predictors of DVT included female sex (OR=1.2, p=0.001), younger age (OR=1.2, p=0.001), Hispanic ethnicity (OR=1.2, p=0.026), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR=1.4, p=0.001). Independent functional status was a strong predictor of both DVT (OR=5.0, p=0.001) and PE (OR=0.53, p=0.033). Smoking (OR=0.7, p=0.001), COPD (OR=1.4, p=0.005), congestive heart failure (OR=2.1, p=0.001), and malignancy (OR=2.9, p=0.009) were significant predictors of PE. Conclusion: The study underscores the impact of demographic factors (gender, age, race) and comorbidities (COPD, CHF, malignancy) on VTE risk post-TKA. Preoperative mobilization status emerged as a critical indicator of thromboembolic risk. Unexpected findings regarding smoking and PE require further investigation. Overall, the study contributes to optimizing VTE prevention in TKA patients through tailored risk assessment and intervention strategies.
First Record of the Red Cornetfish Fistularia petimba Lacepède, 1803 from Amorgos Island (Central Aegean Sea; Greece) and a Review of Its Current Distribution in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Tsaousi Nefeli , Kalogirou Stefanos
Published: April 2024

The rapid spread of non-indigenous species (NIS) poses a significant threat to biodiversity globally, with the Mediterranean region being particularly susceptible due to increased human activities and its status as a marine biodiversity hotspot. In this study, we focus on the introduction and distribution of Fistularia petimba, a member of the Fistulariidae family, in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, specifically on the coasts of Amorgos Island, Greece. Through a baseline fisheries study conducted over 12 months, utilizing experimental sampling with gillnets, trammel nets, and longlines, one individual of F.petimba was captured off the coast of Katapola Bay. Morphological examination confirmed its identity, with measurements on meristic characteristics obtained and stomach content analyzed. This finding represents a significant addition to the documented distribution of F. petimba in the Mediterranean Sea, particularly in the Aegean Sea, underscoring the importance of ongoing research in uncovering new occurrences and expanding our understanding of marine biodiversity and ecosystem changes. Further investigation into the ecological preferences and population dynamics of F.petimba in the Aegean Sea is crucial for informed conservation and management efforts.
Highly Sensitive Whole-Cell Mercury Biosensors for Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Zevallos-Aliaga Dahlin , De Graeve Stijn , Obanda-Chávez Pamela , Arias Vaccari Nicolás , Gao Yue , Peeters Tom , Guerra Daniel
Published: April 2024

Whole cell biosensors could serve as eco-friendly and cost-effective alternatives for detecting potentially toxic bioavailable heavy metals in aquatic environments. However, they often fail to meet practical requirements due to an insufficient limit of detection (LOD) and high background noise. In this study, we designed a synthetic genetic circuit specifically tailored for detecting ionic mercury, which we applied to environmental samples collected from artisanal gold mining sites in Peru. We developed two distinct versions of the biosensor, each utilizing a different reporter protein: a fluorescent biosensor (Mer-RFP) and a colorimetric biosensor (Mer-Blue). Mer-RFP enabled real-time monitoring of the culture’s response to mercury samples using a plate reader, whereas Mer-Blue was analysed for colour accumulation at the endpoint using a specially designed, low-cost camera set up for harvested cell pellets. Both biosensors exhibited negligible baseline expression of their respective reporter proteins and responded specifically to HgBr2 in pure water. Mer-RFP demonstrated a linear detection range from 1 nM to 1 μM, whereas Mer-Blue showed a linear range from 2 nM to 125 nM. Our biosensors successfully detected a high concentration of ionic mercury in the reaction bucket where artisanal miners produce a mercury-gold amalgam. However, they did not detect ionic mercury in the water from active mining ponds, indicating a concentration lower than 3.2 nM Hg2+ -a result consistent with chemical analysis quantitation. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of Mer-Blue as a practical and affordable monitoring tool, highlighting its stability, reliance on simple visual colorimetry, and the possibility of sensitivity expansion to organic mercury.
Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of Gabapentin with a Focus on Topical Formulations to Treat Ocular Surface Diseases
Authors: Rusciano Dario
Published: April 2024

Gabapentin (GBP) was originally developed as a potential agonist for Gamma-Amino-Butyric-Acid (GABA) receptors, aiming to inhibit the activation of pain-signaling neurons. Contrary to initial expectations, it does not bind to GABA receptors. Instead, it exhibits several distinct pharmacological activities, including: (1) binding to the alpha-2-delta protein subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels in the central nervous system, thereby blocking the excitatory influx of calcium; (2) reducing the expression and phosphorylation of CaMKII via modulation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation; (3) inhibiting glutamate release and interfering with the activation of NMDA receptors; (4) enhancing GABA synthesis; (5) increasing cell-surface expression of δGABA_A receptors, contributing to its antinociceptive, anticonvulsant, and anxiolytic-like effects. Additionally, GBP displays (6) inhibition of NF-kB activation and subsequent production of inflammatory cytokines, and (7) stimulation of the purinergic adenosine A1 receptor, which supports its anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties. Initially approved for treating seizures and postherpetic neuralgia, GBP is now broadly used for various conditions, including psychiatric disorders, acute and chronic neuropathic pain, and sleep disturbances. Recently, as an eye drop formulation, it has also been explored as a therapeutic option for ocular surface discomfort in conditions such as dry eye, neurotrophic keratitis, corneal ulcers, and neuropathic ocular pain. This review aims to summarize the evidence supporting the molecular effects of GBP, with a special emphasis on its applications in ocular surface diseases.