bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI DENGAN PENDAPATAN PETANI CABAI MERAH YANG BERMITRA DENGAN BINAMITRA HORTIKULTURA MULTIAGROMAKMUR DI KECAMATAN AMBULU KABUPATEN JEMBER, JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Damayanti Wilda Ayu , Subekti Sri , Sudarko Sudarko
Published: August 2020

Chili pepper has the characteristics of rapid rot and large shrinkage that can cause production risks. Fluctuating prices of chili pepper also makes high-risk of chili pepper farming. Farmers' strategy to overcome them is to build a partnership with Binamitra Hortikultura Multiagro Makmur. Market guarantees and prices and facilities provided make farmers more motivated to cultivate chili pepper. The existence of farmer motivation in chili pepper farming is able to increase productivity so that can increase income of chili pepper farmers. The purpose of this research discusses: partnership pattern between  chili’s farmers and Binamitra Multiagro Makmur, correlation between farmer’s characteristic with  farmer’s motivation, and correlation between motivation with farmer income of chili pepper farmers that are partnered with Binamitra Hortikultura Multiagro Makmur Ambulu District Jember Regency, East Java. Sampling method is total sampling, that is chili pepper farmers who are partnered with Binamitra Hortikultura Multiagro Makmur with a total number of 32 farmers. Data collection was done by interview, observation, and documentation study. The research method that is used are descriptive and analytical analysis. Data analysis to determine the correlation between farmer’s characteristic with  farmer’s motivation and correlation between motivation with income of chili pepper farmers uses Rank Spearman. The results were: (1) the sub-contract partnership pattern were used by farmers and  Binamitra Hortikultura Multiagro Makmur, (2) there is a significant correlation between age, formal education, and cropland area with farmer motivation while the number of family dependents and experience have acorrelation that is not significant with farmer motivation, and (3) there is a significant correlation between motivation and income of chili pepper farmers.

 

 
MENUMBUHKAN SIKAP PEDULI PADA ANAK MELALUI INTERAKSI KEGIATAN SOSIAL
Authors: Tabi’in Ahmad
Published: August 2020

Sikap dan tindakan yang selalu ingin memberi bantuan
perlu dikembangkan pada diri anak, terutama anak prasekolah.
Peduli sosial perlu dikembangkan agar anak tidak memiliki sifat
negatif, seperti sombong, acuh tak acuh, individualisme, masa
bodoh terhadap masalah sosial, pilih-pilih teman dan lunturnya
budaya gotong-royong. Peduli sosial adalah sikap dan tindakan
yang selalu ingin memberi bantuan pada orang lain dan
masyarakat yang membutuhkan. Dari sinilah kepedul ian
sosial menuntut kepada setiap individu agar mampu
memperhatikan lingkungan tempat tinggalnya atau
masyarakat. Peduli sosial pada anak bisa diartikan sebagai sikap
40 Journal of Social Science Teaching
mampu memahami kondisi orang lain sesuai dengan pandangan
orang lain tersebut, bukan sesuai dengan pandangannya sendiri.
Pemahaman sikap ini harus dengan latihan-latihan dengan cara
anak dihadapkan pada situasi nyata, serta pemberian contoh dari
keluarga dan orangtua anak. Latihan-latihan ini tentunya
memerlukan sosok orang tua, guru untuk mendampinginya.cara
guru, orang tua dalam mengembangkan sikap peduli sosial adalah
denganmengintegrasikannya ke dalam kehidupan sehari-hari guna
untuk pembiasaan anak.
IDEOLOGI LIBERALISME SEBAGAI DASAR KONSEP PENDIDIKAN INTEGRATIF
Authors: Khoeroni Farid
Published: August 2020

Artikel ini menjelaskan konsep pendidikan Islam yang
mengarah pada pendidikan integratif.Selama ini konsep integrasi
sering diidentikkan dengan integrasi keilmuan saja, padahal secara
keseluruhan konsep integrasi masih bersifat general.Konsep
liberalisme pendidikan menekankan pada prinsip problem solving
tentang kehidupannya sendiri secara efektif.ketika merujuk konsep
utama tentang liberalisme pendidikan maka tujuan yang
diharapkan adalah tentang integrasi antara teori dan praktek. Tidak
hanya teori saja yang selalu diajarkan dalam lembaga pendidikan
namun juga tentang prakteknya.Problem solving mengharuskan
dapat mengetahui dengan pasti tentang permasalahan yang
dihadapi.
INTERAKSI SOSIAL WANITA PENGRAJIN TENUN IKAT TROSO DALAM KEGIATAN PEMBERDAYAAN DAN KESEJAHTERAAN KELUARGA (PKK)
Authors: Wafiroh Himmah
Published: August 2020

para pekerja usaha indutri rumah kerajinan tenun adalah
para ibu rumah tangga. Kebanyakan suami mereka bekerja sebagai
petani atau buruh petani. kebanyakan para pekerja pengrajin Tenun
lebih ditekuni oleh wanita karena menenun membutuhkan
ketelitian, keuletan, dan ketekunan yang tinggi. itu merupakan
stigma wanita yang memang cocok melakukan pekerjaan itu.
Permasalahan yang terjadi para wanita pekerja adalah kurang bisa
membagi waktu disamping harus membuat tenun setiap hari, juga
harus menyelesaikan pekerjaan-pekerjaan rumah tangga memasak,
menyapu, merawat rumah dan mengasuh anak, dll. Meski demikian,
wanita pengrajin Tenun Ikat Troso mampu membagi waktunya dengan tidak melupakan kewajibannya sebagai makhluk sosial.

Dimana setiap manusia harus bersosialisasi dengan manusia lain.
Kegiatan sosial untuk wanita di Desa Troso ini salah satunya adalah
kegiatan PKK.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN DANKONSERVASI LINGKUNGAN HIDUPDALAM ISLAM
Authors: Fatah Ahmad
Published: August 2020

Abstract: This study aims to discuss the value of education and environmental conservation in the Islamic view. The discussion of environmental conservation is factual and contextual. This will be more interesting if viewed from the view of Islam. The environment in Islam with variants pivots the awareness that everything is God's and should be used for the purposes that God has set forth. This is indeed the essence of the manifestation of a servant's gratitude towards the favors given by the creator. Man as the holder of the mandate (khalîfah Allâh fî al-ardh) is commanded to use the mandate of the management of the earth and its contents in the framework of obedience to Allah subhanahu wata'ala.

 Keywords:Value Of Education, Environmental Conservation, Islam.
Pengaruh dan Relevansi Gusjigang bagi Peradaban Islam di Kudus
Authors: M. NUR DANY MIFTAH
Published: August 2020

Sayyid Ja'far Sodiq or known as Sunan Kudus is a figure who has an important role in the entry of Islam in Kudus. The multicultural Holy Society has a unique typology in morals, science and economics, known as "Gusjigang", Bagus-having good behavior), Ji (Ngaji-good at reciting the Qur'an) and Gang (Dagang —good at trading). The identity crisis brings human consciousness to explore the wealth, wisdom and excellence contained in local culture, build and strengthen the identity and pride of the nation. Modernization or more accurately said as Westernization on the one hand is able to achieve rapid progress, but on the other hand it fails to achieve prosperity for nature and humans. This study reveals the influence and relevance of Gusjigang from Kanjeng Sunan Kudus in moderating Islam in Kudus in life with a unique format and typology that is able to become a new concept for the development of morals, science and economics (trade) so as to create a prosperous and prosperous society.
Identifikasi Perjanjian Kerja Karyawan Kontrak Menurut Undang-undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan di PT. Bima Budidaya Mutiara (BBM) Desa Piong Kecamatan Sanggar Kabupaten Bima
Authors: Saddam Saddam
Published: August 2020

Lately, the arising problems in an internal company, from pattern making to culminate in unrest will contract employees in the company's status as a reasonably long time. Empowerment of employees contract in effect executed in full, but the employees who belong to particular time work agreements are not fully hired thoroughly. Up to now, there are indications the granting of jobs generally passes regardless of the official rules of the applicable employment contract agreement. The method used was qualitative. Data collection method using observation, documentation, interviews, and triangulation. Data analysis was conducted in three stages namely data reduction, the presentation of the data, and draw conclusions. The results showed that certain time work agreements first and further led to the emergence of the rights and obligations of the parties. There are a number of principles in the implementation of the employment contract agreement is not yet based on the procedure of employment rules. The incidence of unrest because of a few things: a surfeit of employees will be a contract worker status for too long, the company less heed to the things that can be counted as wages, and the pattern of the Division of work within the time period for contract employees in the realm of shifts. The company's efforts in coping with disquiet the contract employee will do some of the following, namely; the efforts of some employees into contract adoption workers, pay attention to things that can be counted as wages, and equitable patterns of Division of the period of time in work for the employee's contract in the realm of shifts.
Penerapan Model Kooperatif TGT Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Sosial dan Hasil Belajar IPS Kelas VIII E SMPN 1 Randudongkal
Authors: Putra Hafidz Ady
Published: August 2020

This research aims: (1) to improve social skill and learning outcomes of social studies of the eighth graders exactly Class E of SMPN 1 Randudongkal using TGT cooperative learning model with variations of the game. This research is Classroom Action Research that uses the model of Kemmis and Taggart. The Techniques of Collecting data used observation, interviews, test, field notes and documentation. The result of the research indicated an improvement of social skills and learning outcomes in social studies after the writer applied cooperative learning model TGT with variations of the game. The writer can proved there is the improvement of social skills. Before the action was done, the average of social skills was 46.88, after Cycle 1, there was the improvement in 72.66, in the end of Cycle 2, the average of social skills became 80.78. The improvement of the students’ learning outcomes can also be proved by the classical completeness percentage. The classical completeness percentage was 40.62% before the action. It was be 78.12% in the end of Cycle 1 and in the end of Cycle 2 improved to become 87.50%.
INTERAKSI SOSIAL WANITA PENGRAJIN BATIK TERHADAP KELUARGA DI DESA BAKARAN KABUPATEN PATI
Authors: HAQIQI ARGHOB KHOFYA
Published: August 2020

: Most of the workers of the home industry of Bakaran batik industry are housewives. Most of their husbands work as farmers or other jobs outside of agriculture. Most batik craft workers are more engaged by women because batik requires precision, tenacity and high perseverance. The problems that occur among women workers are that they are less able to divide their time aside from make batik every day, also have to complete household chores cook, sweep, care for the house and care for children, etc. The purpose of this study was to determine the social interactions between women batik craftsmen and their families. The method used is qualitative methods and result obtained by means of field observations, interviews, and literature studies. The results of this study are that social interaction between women batik craftsmen with their families is well and sometimes conflict occur. Women batik craftsmen hold social contacts and communicate well with family members. The form of interaction between batik craftsmen and families is an associative and dissociative interaction. Associative because there is cooperation and agreement with the family to achieve the goal. Dissociative because there is a dispute between women batik craftsmen and families that sometimes occur resulting in conflict.
Kognitif Sosial Tunawisma di Kota Semarang
Authors: Fuadah Laily
Published: August 2020

Homelessness life shows a social behavior that is quite interesting to study, especially in their learning results of imitating behavior towards their social environment. The aim of this research is to determine the social learning of homelessness in Semarang city by using Albert Bandura’s social cognitive theory, which emphasizes on the modelling (imitating behavior). This research uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The reason of the researcher uses this approach since the researcher is directly involved in understanding social learning and research phenomena. Through this design, this research is expected to provide maximum results to the readers. Data collection technique uses direct observation, interviews, and document studies. Data analysis technique uses Spradley model and Hubberman Miles model which go through several stages, including data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The result of this research shows that homelessness has an imitating behavior in accordance with the five basic assumptions of Bandura’s social cognitive theory. The social cognitive shown by the homelessness is caused by the attitude of adjustment based on the place and social life as an effort to survive on the streets
KONSTRUKSI KESADARAN ATAS PROFESI DAN MATERIALISME: STUDI INTERPRETATIVE TERHADAP PENGEMIS ANAK SURABAYA
Authors: Anjana Fika
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun kesadaran akan profesi atau pekerjaan dan materialisme terhadap pengemis anak. Interpretative digunakan untuk menentukan paradigma penelitian ini. Konstruksi sosial Teori Peter L Berger memiliki peran utama untuk melakukan penelitian ini. Sedangkan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi adalah cara yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengambil data. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa: Pertama, pengemis anak memilih pekerjaan atau profesi mereka sebagai pengemis karena sudah menjadi budaya di antara keluarga mereka. Kedua, pengemis anak senang mendapatkan uang dengan memohon untuk membeli apa yang mereka inginkan. Kesulitan ekonomi, etos kerja, dan ketidakmampuan keluarga untuk membayar pembayaran sekolah anak-anak yang membuat mereka menjadi pengemis dan hal itu adalah bagian dari proses dialektika Peter L Berger. Ketiga, orientasi materialisme terhadap pengemis anak adalah hal yang harus didapatkan dengan mengemis, karena pekerjaan ini adalah pekerjaan yang paling mudah untuk dilakukan, sehingga orientasi materialisme menjadi yang kedua setelah pengetahuan.

Kata kunci: Konstruksi Kesadaran, Profesi dan Materialisme, Pengemis Anak

This study is aimed to construct the awareness on profession or job and materialism toward children beggar. Interpretive is used to determine the paradigm of this study. Social construction Peter L Berger Theory has main role to conduct this study. While the method that’s used in this study is qualitative. Interview, observation, and documentation are the way that are used in this study to take the data. The result of this study explains that first of all, children beggar realize that their orientation of their profession or job is a thing that shouldn’t be discussed a long. It is showed that children beggar choose their profession or job as beggar because it has been becoming culture among their family. Secondly, children beggar are happy to get money by begging to buy what they want. The difficulties of economic, working ethos, and family’s  incapablelity to pay children’s school payment that make children becomes beggar whereas it is a part of dialectic process Peter L Berger. Thirdly, materialism orientation toward children beggar is a thing that should be gotten by begging, because this job is an easiest job to do, so that the materialism orientation is becoming the second after knowledge.

Keyword: Construction of awareness, Profession and materialism, Child beggars 

 
Dinamika Kemanusiaan Muslim Uyghur di Cina
Authors: Dewi Nevy Rusmarina , Irsyad Maulana , Mufarikhin Mufarikhin , Feriansyah Ahmad Maulana
Published: August 2020

Permasalahan kemanusiaan muslim Uighur di Cina menjadi salah satu bahasan dunia internasional, yang menjadi fokus  ialah pelanggaran hak asasi manusia oleh pemerintah Cina.  Dalam rangka  menerapkan ideology komunis di Cinabanyak strategi dipakai oleh pemerintah Cina dalam mendoktrin muslim Uighur diantaranya, menyiksa, mengurung, sampai  perkawinan paksa oleh suku Cina dan suku Uighur. Tujuan utamanya  agar suku Uighur dapat membaur dengan warga Cina yang lain dan tak ada lagi perbedaan di bawah Komunis. Hal  itu yang menjadikan alasan bahwa pelanggaran hak asasi terhadap suku Uighur ini terus berlanjut, dalam tulisan ini akan membahas dinamika muslim Uighur di bawah  ideologi Cina beserta dampak  permasalahan  kemanusiaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan  metode penelitian kualitatif  dengan menggunakan studi pustaka. Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan banyak terjadi pelanggaran kemanusiaan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Komunis Cina terhadap muslim Uighur. Pelanggaran yang terjadi telah masuk pada kategori pelanggaran HAM, namun dunia internasional tidak dapat menjangkaunya karena bagi pemerintah Cina hal ini merupakan masalah dalam negerinya.

Kata Kunci: Pelanggaran HAM, Muslim Uighur, Komunis

 

The humanitarian problem of Uighur Muslims in China has become one of the international discussions, the focus being on human rights violations by the Chinese government. In order to implement communist ideology in China many strategies are used by the Chinese government in doctrining Uighur Muslims including, torturing, confining, to forced marriage by Chinese and Uighur tribes. The ultimate goal is for the Uighurs to blend in with other Chinese and there is no difference under the Communists. That is what makes the reason that human rights violations against the Uighurs continue, in this paper will discuss the dynamics of Uighur Muslims under Chinese ideology and the impact of humanitarian problems. This research uses qualitative research methods using literature study. The results showed that there were many humanitarian violations committed by the Chinese Communist government against Uighur Muslims. The violations that occur have been categorized as human rights violations, but the international community cannot reach them because for the Chinese government this is a problem in their country.

Keywords: human rights violations, Uighur Muslims, Communists.
Изучение особенностей гуморального иммунного ответа к новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 среди медицинских работников
Authors: Решетникова Ирина , Тюрин Юрий , Агафонова Елена , Куликов Сергей , Гилязутдинова Гульнара , Лопушов Дмитрий , Шайхразиева Наталья , Исаева Гузель , Зиатдинов Васил
Published: August 2020

Изучена серопревалентность и особенности гуморального иммунного ответа на вирус SARS-CoV-2 у 61 медицинского работника (МР) многопрофильного стационара г Казани, который был перепрофилирован для оказания медицинской помощи больным коронавирусной инфекцией. Показана выраженная серопревалентность к SARS-CoV-2 - 45,9%. Среди серопозитивных МР к вирусу SARS-CoV-2 доля бессимптомных форм составила 18,5%, легких форм - 53,6%, среднетяжелых форм и тяжелых форм 25%. Выявлено две формы формирования гуморального иммунного ответа среди серопозитивных МР: первая характеризуется постепенной элиминацией специфических IgG антител к SARS- CoV -2 после 8 недели от появления первых симптомов ОРВИ, второй вариант - нарастанием специфических IgG к SARS- CoV -2 и более высоким значением уровня КП IgM SARS- CoV -2 после 8-10 недели от появления первых симптомов. Группа серопозитивных МР, «повышающих антитела», превалировала над группой лиц, «элиминирующих антитела». Группа серопозитивных МР, «повышающих антитела», характеризовалась более высокой выработкой протективных антител к возбудителям вакциноуправляемых инфекций кори и краснухи по сравнению с группой лиц, «элиминирующих антитела». Изучение уровня гуморального иммунитета к COVID-19 у МР имеет важное значение с точки зрения планирования как противоэпидемических мероприятий, так и прогнозирования эффективности ответа на вакцинацию к SARS-CoV-2.
Massive Heterotopic Ossification of the Tensor Fascia Lata in a Bodybuilder Leading to Severe Hip Dysfunction
Authors: Brumat Peter , Trojner Teodor , Trebše Rihard
Published: August 2020

Case:

A 42-year-old bodybuilder with no history of trauma presented to our clinic with persistent right hip pain and rapidly advancing joint stiffness. Imaging confirmed massive, mature heterotopic ossification predominantly involving the right tensor fascia lata. Six months after a tailored surgical removal, there were no signs of disability, pain, or clinical signs of recurrence, and the patient regained proper joint function.

Conclusion:

In massive heterotopic ossification, tailored surgical removal of the part of the lesion that is limiting function may result in a complete functional recovery.
Bilateral Scapulothoracic Fusions Fixed with High-Strength Suture Tapes for Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy
Authors: Davey M.S. , Kenyon R. , Pauzenberger L. , Grant Freemantle M.C. , Mullett H.
Published: August 2020

Case:

A 32-year-old male right-hand dominant school-bus driver with facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) was referred to an upper limb specialist for consideration for scapulothoracic fusion (STF) because of limited upper limb function and cosmetic issues. Staged bilateral STFs were performed with seven high-strength suture tapes tensioned to secure a standard tubular plate in situ.

Conclusion:

STF may be a desirable treatment option for patients with FSHD. The use of high-strength suture tapes in cases of STF allows for secure fixation of the scapulothoracic joint. This potentially confers a reduction in operative time while ensuring adequate tensioned fixation and minimizing the risk of iatrogenic pneumothorax.
Regression model for car valuation based on internet data parsing
Authors: Trifonov N. Yu. , Livinskaya V. A. , Korzhukov V. V.
Published: August 2020

The results of econometric modeling of market value are described on the example of class B cars based on the collection of information from a popular website using a parser program. The resulting model in the form of two statistically significant regression equations is intended for use in the valuation practice.
Application of convolutional neural networks in the intelligence security system subsystem
Authors: Demeshko V. S. , Фёдоров A. I.
Published: August 2020

The article proposes the structure of an integrated security system for areal facilities. The main subsystems included in its composition are considered. The tasks of the intelligence subsystem for detecting and recognizing ground-based objects of observation in a complex phono-target environment are defined.

The task of detecting an object of observation was solved on the basis of a previously proposed algorithm. The disadvantage of this algorithm was the presence of false positives from a flickering complex phono-target environment. To eliminate this drawback, it is proposed to apply a classifier based on the convolutional neural network, which distributes the selected objects to specific classes.

The analysis and experimental studies to evaluate the accuracy of recognition of ground objects by convolutional architectures such as VGG-16, VGG-19, Inception v3, ResNet-50, MobileNet. Training and verification of the recognition quality of architecture data was carried out on an experimentally created data set with a human image on a contrasting background and at different ranges. The results obtained indicate the possibility of using a convolutional neural network in the security system and its ability to work in real time.
Woman Searching for Family Nafkah in Islamic Economic Views
Authors: Nurhadi Nurhadi
Published: August 2020

Abstract: This article focuses on the discussion of Islamic and economic views on women making a living for families (husbands and children). This phenomenon is already popular in Indonesian society, with many female workers (TKW) making a living or working abroad for the sake of family survival (husband and children), this is also reinforced by soap opera shows on private national television titled “The world is upside down” as a manifestation of the socio-economic facts of the Indonesian family today which is visualized as soap operas. This is a big question mark for socio-economic observers and practitioners of sakinah or Muslim families. In general, the main task of making a family living in Islam is assigned to the man (husband). Although it is justified that women (wives) earn a living (working) to help the family economy if the husband’s income is insufficient for family needs, provided that the woman in work does not bring shame, slander and harm to herself and the continuity of her household, and can maintain her honor by always covering aurat and keep away from things that produce salaries are not halal (haram). So a woman who is a family breadwinner in the view of Islamic economics is permitted, but that as an alternative to maintaining survival and domestic life with her husband and children, also does not violate her nature as a wife and mother for her children. This analysis arises because economic activity is a social activity, so the social is very closely related to the economy, also the Islamic economy and  ocioeconomic family in Islam.
ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN THE WAQF ORGANIZATION OF MUHAMMADIYAH: A Perspective From Social Exchange Theory
Authors: Umam Moh Rifqi Khairul
Published: August 2020

Abstract: Organizational commitment is a critical element in achieving organizational goals. The theory of social exchange can explain the causes of organizational commitment by proposing leader-member exchange (LMX) and perceived organizational support (POS) as antecedents. However, most of the research has only been applied to proft organizations and has not touched many non-proft organizations. Muhammadiyah, as one of the representatives of the largest waqf manager in Indonesia, was chosen as the object of this study, where the waqf offcials in the Muhammadiyah environment of the Yogyakarta Special Region (DIY) were used as respondents. The results of this study indicate that LMX does not have a signifcant inﬂuence in forming organizational commitment directly, but has an indirect effect on organizational commitment through POS while showing the inability of POS to be a moderator variable in the relationship between LMX and organizational commitment. The new fnding of this research is that LMX requires POS mediation in inﬂuencing organizational commitment, especially in the context of the nonproft organization.
Effectiveness and Tolerability of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Preventive Treatment of Episodic Migraine: A Single Centre, Randomised, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Phase 2 Trial (Magnet-EM).  
Authors: Safiai Nabil Izzaatie Mohamad , Amir Nur Ain , Basri Hamidon bin , Mat Liyana Najwa Inche , Hoo Fan Kee , Khan Abdul Hanif Khan Yusof , Loh Wei Chao , Chia Peck Kee , Ramachandran Vasudevan , Din Hazwan Mat , Samsudin Intan Nureslyna , Fernandez Aaron , Mohamed Mohd Hazmi , Ching Siew Mooi , Hashim Hasnur Zaman , Sulaiman Wan Aliaa Wan
Published: August 2020

Background: This is a phase II randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for preventive treatment of episodic migraine among migraine subjects. Methods: Subjects age 18 to 60 years will undergo a baseline evaluation to establish the diagnosis of migraine based on International Classification of Headache Disorder 3rd Edition (ICHD-3). Those who fulfil the ICHD-3 criteria for episodic migraine and compliant to the headache diary during a month run-in period will be enrolled. A total of 76 subjects will be randomised to receive either transcranial magnetic stimulation or sham stimulation for 5 sessions within 2 weeks duration. Follow-up sessions will be conducted monthly for three consecutive months. Prior to treatment, subjects will be required to fill up questionnaires and undergo few procedures such as electroencephalography, transcranial doppler ultrasound and biochemical analysis for serum serotonin, serum calcitonin-gene related peptide and serum beta-endorphin. These procedures will be repeated at month 3 after receiving last treatment. The primary outcome measure of this study is the difference in mean monthly migraine days at baseline and at month 1, 2 and 3 after treatment sessions. Discussion: Following evidence from previous studies showing restoration of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activation to almost normal level, the rTMS intervention will target left DLPFC in this study. Meanwhile, the least number of treatment sessions reported which proved to be effective in reducing migraine days was three session of rTMS given in alternate days. Hence, an intermediate duration of treatment sessions is selected for this study. It is set to five treatment sessions given within 2 weeks duration. Trial registration: NCT03556722. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Episodic Migraine (Magnet-EM) was registered on 27th April 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03556722.
Identification of Nucleus Sterility Candidate Genes using a Resequencing Technique in Sweet Pepper Sterile Line AB91
Authors: Meng yaning , Yan Libin , Zhang Hongxiao , Fan Yanqin
Published: August 2020

Background:Breeding hybrids with nuclear malesterile lines is an important method for the cross breeding of sweet peppers. To date, few reports have been published on the nuclear malesterility gene of sweet pepper.Yet, there are approximately 20 pepper nuclear malesterility lines in the world. Results: Using the self-developed testing material, sweet pepper nuclear malesterile dual-purpose line AB91, the genome-wide resequencing technique was applied to firstly find that the mutation site causing the abortion of sweet pepper nuclear malesterility AB91 is on chromosome #5. The mutation gene Capana05g000747 was filtered out and validated by the flight mass spectrometry genotyping and quantitative real-time PCR method and determined to be the gene causing the abortion of sweet pepper nuclear male sterility AB91.The gene Capana05g000747 mutation site is a non-synonymous mutation site located at the 6th exon,the base C mutated into A, and the amino acid changed from alanine to serine. The three-dimensional protein structure of fertile and sterile plant Capana05g000747 was predicted. The results showed that the three-dimensional structure of the two proteins was differed significantly. Sequence alignment analysis showed that the gene Capana05g000747 has a similar function to gene At2g02148. The gene At2g02148 contains a pentatricopeptide repeatprotein which has important physiological functions in the gene expression process of organelles and is closely related to the performance of malesterility genes. Conclusions: This study revealed that Capana05g000747 was selected as an important candidate gene for sweet pepper nuclear male sterile testingmaterial AB91.This gene provides a theoretical and technical foundation for further cloning as well as transformation and utilization of the gene.
Comparing effects of two higher intensity feedback interventions with simple feedback on improving staff communication in nursing homes – The INFORM cluster-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hoben Matthias , Ginsburg Liane R , Easterbrook Adam , Norton Peter G , Anderson Ruth A , Andersen Elizabeth A , Boström Anne-Marie , Cranley Lisa A , Lanham Holly J , Weeks Lori E , Cummings Greta G , Holroyd-Leduc Jayna M , Squires Janet E , Wagg Adrian S , Estabrooks Carole A
Published: August 2020

Background: Effective communication among interdisciplinary healthcare teams is essential for quality healthcare, especially in nursing homes (NHs). Care aides provide most direct care in NHs, yet are rarely included in formal communications about resident care (e.g., change of shift reports, family conferences). Audit and feedback is a potentially effective improvement intervention. This study compares the effect of simple and two higher intensity levels of feedback based on Goal Setting Theory on improving formal staff communication in NHs.Methods: This pragmatic three-arm parallel cluster-randomized controlled trial included NHs participating in TREC (Translating Research in Elder Care) across the Canadian provinces of Alberta and British Columbia. Facilities with at least one care unit with 10 or more care aide responses on the TREC baseline survey were eligible. At baseline, 4,641 care aides and 1,693 nurses cared for 8,766 residents in 67 eligible NHs. NHs were randomly allocated to a simple (control) group (22 homes, 60 care units) or one of two higher intensity feedback intervention groups (based on Goal Setting Theory): basic assisted feedback (22 homes, 69 care units) and enhanced assisted feedback 2 (23 homes, 72 care units). Our primary outcome was the amount of formal communication about resident care that involved care aides, measured by the Alberta Context Tool and presented as adjusted mean differences [95% confidence interval] between study arms at 12-month follow-up.Results: Baseline and follow-up data were available for 20 homes (57 care units, 751 care aides, 2,428 residents) in the control group, 19 homes (61 care units, 836 care aides, 2,387 residents) in the basic group, and 14 homes (45 care units, 615 care aides, 1,584 residents) in the enhanced group. Compared to simple feedback, care aide involvement in formal communications at follow-up was 0.17 points higher in both the basic ([0.03; 0.32], p=0.021) and enhanced groups ([0.01; 0.33], p=0.035). We found no difference in this outcome between the two higher intensity groups.Conclusions: Theoretically informed feedback was superior to simple feedback in improving care aides’ involvement in formal communications about resident care. This underlines that prior estimates for efficacy of audit and feedback may be constrained by the type of feedback intervention tested.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02695836), https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02695836, registered on March 1, 2016
Disability and its prevalence and cause in northwestern Ethiopia: evidence from Dabat district of Amhara National Regional State: A community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Abebe Solomon Mekonnen , Nega Ansha , Gizaw Zemichel , Bayisa Mulugeta , Fasika Solomon , Belay Molalign , Fekadu Abel , Abera Mikyas
Published: August 2020

Background Disability is not just a factor of an individual’s physical condition; it develops through human interactions and reflects the social fabric of communities. Despite the fact that it directly affects 15% of Ethiopians, understanding and policy-relevant studies on disability and the conditions of persons with disabilities are lacking. The Dabat Demographic and Health Surveillance System part of the response to fill this gap. With significant drawbacks in the Surveillance System, this study aimed at assessing the prevalence, types and major causes of disability in Dabat district.Method A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed and covered 17,000 households residing in 13 Kebeles of Dabat district. The district is where DHSS collects health data semi-annually; but this study was designed and executed separately in 2018 utilizing robust tools (World Health Organization’s Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) used to collect comprehensive data on disability in the district. The data was organized and presented using frequencies and percentages in table and figures. Relevant variables were used to construct a logit model that predicts the likelihood of disability whereby P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results This study found that the overall prevalence of disability in Dabat district was 2.14% [95% CI: 2.03, 2.24]. About 8.3% of households reported at least one member with disability. Visual impairment was the most commonly reported impairment d51%) while 8.19% had multiple impairments. Eighty-three percent of immediate the causes of disability were modifiable – specifically, illness (36.93%), injury (17.81%), and congenital (10.86%). The aged [AOR=1.0; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.04], those unable to read or write illiterate [AOR=1.57; 1.15,2.14], the unmarried/single [AOR=1.39; 95% CI: 185,2.47] and the separated [AOR=2.78; 95% CI: 4.14,6.19] were more likely to risk disability in the population.Conclusion This study reported an increased likelihood of impairment among those with advanced ages. The proportion of households with PwDs was also high. While most disabilities were visual, there were significant numbers with mobility impairments and hard of hearing. Most school-age PwDs did not complete secondary education, while employment was significantly limited. The findings indicated that most causes of disability were reversible.
Magnitude of rise in proneurotensin is related to amount of triglyceride appearance in blood after a standardized oral intake of both saturated and unsaturated fats
Authors: Fawad Ayesha , Fernandez Celine , Bergmann Andreas , Struck Joachim , Nilsson Peter M , Bennet Louise , Orho-Melander Marju , Melander Olle
Published: August 2020

Background: In rodents, neurotensin contributes to high fat diet induced obesity by facilitation of intestinal fat absorption. The effect of oral lipid load on plasma proneurotensin and relationship with plasma triglycerides in humans is unknown.Aim: To investigate the acute effects of an oral lipid load on proneurotensin and plasma triglycerides and their interrelationships in healthy individuals.Setting/ Methods: Twenty-two healthy subjects were given 150 mL of full milk cream (54g fat) and 59 mL of pure olive oil (54 g fat) in the fasted state at two different occasions separated by at least 1 week in random order. Venous blood was drawn at fasted before 0 hours (h) and at 1 h, 2 h and 4 h after ingestion. Post-ingested values of proneurotensin and plasma triglycerides were compared with fasting levels and post ingestion Area Under the Curve (AUC) of proneurotensin was correlated with that of plasma triglycerides.Results: An immediate rise of plasma proneurotensin and plasma triglycerides were observed after ingestion of cream with maximum increase at 2 h for proneurotensin [mean (95% confidence interval)] of 22 (12-31) pmol/L (P<0.001) and at 3 h for triglycerides of 0.60 (0.43-0.78) mmol/L (P<0.001). Similarly, plasma proneurotensin and plasma triglycerides increased after ingestion of olive oil with maximum increase of proneurotensin at 3 h of 62 (46-78) pmol/L (P<0.001) and plasma triglycerides at 3 h of 0.32 (0.18-0.45) mmol/L (P<0.001). The post lipid load AUC for proneurotensin correlated significantly with the AUC for plasma triglycerides both after cream (r=0.49, P=0.021) and olive oil (r=0.55, P=0.008), respectively.Conclusion: Proneurotensin increases after an oral lipid load of both cream and olive oil and the rise of post-ingestion plasma triglycerides is significantly related to the rise of post-ingestion proneurotensin.
Integrative analysis of circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs profiles to reveal ceRNAs networks in chicken intramuscular and abdominal adipogenesis
Authors: Zhang Meng , Han Yu , Zhai Yanhui , Ma Xiangfei , An Xinglan , Zhang Sheng , Li Ziyi
Published: August 2020

Background: Tissue-specific fat deposition is regulated by a series of complex regulatory mechanisms. Reports indicate that epigenetic regulators, such as circular RNAs (circRNAs), are crucial in diseases progression, animal development, metabolism, and adipogenesis. In this study, to assess the functional roles of circRNAs in adipogenesis and tissue-specific fat deposition, we comprehensively analyzed the Ribo-Zero RNA-Seq and miRNAs data during chicken intramuscular and abdominal adipogenic differentiation. Results: circRNAs and miRNAs profiles during chicken adipogenic differentiation were found in adipocytes derived from various adipose tissues. It was also discovered that high levels of downregulated miRNAs potentially promote adipogenesis by activating their target genes which are associated with fatty acid metabolism and adipogenic differentiation. Through analysis of the correlation between the expression levels of circRNAs and adipogenic genes, as well as the dynamic expression patterns of circRNAs during adipogenic differentiation, several candidate circRNAs were identified. Moreover, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNAs) networks were constructed during chicken intramuscular and abdominal adipogenesis by combining miRNAs with mRNAs data. Several candidate circRNAs potentially influence adipogenesis by regulating miRNAs via PPAR and fatty acid metabolism-related pathways were identified, such as circLCLAT1, circFNDC3AL, circCLEC19A and circARMH1. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings reveal that circRNAs and the circRNA-miRNAs-mRNAs-ceRNAs network may play important roles in chicken adipocytes differentiation and tissue-specific fat deposition.
The Effect of Social Norm-based Intervention with Observable Behaviour on Physical Activity among Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lee Jia Jia , Nadkarni Nivedita Vikas , Teo Irene , Ozdemir Semra
Published: August 2020

Background: The rising prevalence of childhood obesity in developing and developed countries poses a major public health challenge to policy makers and an effective strategy to promote physical activity among adolescents is warranted. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of providing descriptive norms messages with personal identification in promoting physical activity among adolescents by measuring step counts via a randomized controlled trial (NCT03081013). Methods: A total of 311 participants aged 13-16 were randomized into two study arms (Onymous and Anonymous Arms). Each arm consisted of 13 groups of 12 participants. During the trial, participants received weekly short message service (SMS) about their past week’s physical activity performance Participants in the Anonymous Arm received information about step counts of group members ranked from highest to lowest. Participants in the Onymous Arm received the same information with the group members’ full names. Participants’ quality of life, depression, and physical activity social support, self-efficacy and enjoyment before and after the intervention were also evaluated. This study adheres to the CONSORT guidelines.Results: The number of steps was not higher when descriptive norm message was onymous compared to when it was anonymous. Scores in quality of life, depression, social support, self-efficacy, and enjoyment of physical activity were not significantly different between both arms (p>0.05).Conclusions: Our findings indicated that the effect of providing descriptive norms messages containing personal identification on physical activity promotion was not evident in the main analysis. Future studies may consider using a more relevant reference group to use social norms as a tool to increase physical activity among adolescents.Word count: 202 wordsTrial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov - NCT03081013. Registered 15 Mar 2017-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03081013
The experience of loneliness among young people with depression: a qualitative meta-synthesis of the literature
Authors: Achterbergh Louis , Pitman Alexandra , Birken Mary , Pearce Eiluned , Sno Herman , Johnson Sonia
Published: August 2020

Background: Young people have a higher prevalence of loneliness than other age groups, and they are also at risk of depression. Quantitative studies describe a bidirectional association between loneliness and depression, but there is limited understanding of how these influence each other. Little is known about the experience of loneliness among young people with depression. Qualitative approaches may help understand the relationship between loneliness and depression among young people, and how to intervene to improve outcomes. We aimed to conduct a meta-synthesis to understand the complex inter-relationship between loneliness and depression among young depressed people by synthesising evidence from a systematic review of qualitative studies.Methods: We conducted a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies capturing experiences of loneliness among young people with depression. We systematically searched six electronic databases for selected search terms, critically appraised eligible studies, and analysed the data from included studies using the approach of thematic synthesis. We used feedback from an inter-disciplinary research workshop to improve reflexivity. Results: Our inclusion criteria identified fourteen studies. Our analysis identified four themes: (1) social withdrawal due to poor mental health, (2) non-disclosure of depression contributing to social distance, (3) the desire to connect, and (4) paradoxes of loneliness and depression. These themes illustrated a range of pathways between depression and loneliness, and a sense of how these might be mutually reinforcing. Our findings suggest that where depressed individuals engage in certain behaviours (withdrawing; not confiding) for a range of reasons, this can lead to feelings of loneliness, an awareness of which worsens their mood, thus perpetuating their depression. Conclusions: Young people with depression experience loneliness as an insurmountable distance between themselves and others. Our findings identified non-disclosure of depression, and the debilitating nature of the depressive symptomatology, as factors perpetuating a vicious cycle of loneliness and depression. They suggest that approaches to tackling the problem might include helping young people communicate about their depression to trusted friends and educating their social networks in how to support them. The wider research literature suggests that cognitive interventions may have a role in shifting maladaptive cognitions about their social world.
The changes of gut microbiota in drug-naïve first-episode MDD patients under treatment by SSRIs
Authors: Shen Yang , Yang Xiao , Li Gaofei , Xing Xiaoxi , Li Zhiyong , Huang Yichen , Gao Jiayu , Ying Liang
Published: August 2020

Background: Recently, several studies reported that transplanting stool from depressed patients could induce depression-like behaviors in mice. In addition, antidepressants presented not only antidepressant effects, but also antibacterial effects in those animals. Therefore, this study firstly investigated on the changes of gut microbiota in depressed patients under effective antidepressant treatment.Methods: We recruited 30 patients with drug-naive first-episode MDD (Patients group) and 30 healthy controls (Control group), and collected their stool samples to complete 16S rRNA sequencing. Next, Patients group received 15-20 mg/d of escitalopram. After the symptoms improved, the feces of Patients group were collected and marked as Follow-up group to complete sequencing for the second time. We then investigated into the differences of gut microbiota between patients (Patients and Follow-up groups) and controls (Control group), the characteristics of gut microbiota under treatment, and the potential differences in metabolic functions. Results: A significant difference in gut microbiota abundance was found after escitalopram treatment. The Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio significantly decreased in the Follow-up group. After treatment, the species diversity of gut microbiota tended to be back to normal state in Follow-up group. The mainly difference of metabolic function were found as follows: Transport and catabolism, Nervous system, Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism.Conclusions: Under escitalopram treatment, the gut microbiota diversity of MDD patients tended to back to normal state. However, several structures and metabolic pathways in microbes remained differences between patients and controls, which might be related to the relapse of MDD.