bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Online Social Learning and Instructional Presence: Enhancing English Education at a Jordanian University
Authors: Rababah Luqman M. , Rababah Mahmoud Ali
Published: December 2024

Due to the rapid growth of online education, universities have maximised their English language learning experiences. This study explores English language learning communities in synchronous and asynchronous online contexts, focusing on social and instructional presence. The sample included 10 English language, literature, and translation students. Open-ended questions were asked in a small focus group to promote reflective conversation. The intricacies of social and instructional presence in online learning are made clear by this qualitative method. By concentrating on the complex relationships and common perspectives that emerge in targeted group discussions, the study revealed how students view their interaction with social and instructional presence to enhance English language instruction in the digital environment. The study offers important information for customising approaches used at the university. Combining these strategies may enhance virtual learning environments, mainly the English language courses offered by the university.
Alcohol, tobacco. Occupation and the risk of Benigh prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Vitalis Obisike Ofuru  , Erinma Fortuna Pepple  , Jack Ovunda Omodu  , Joseph Amauzo Abiahu  , Livinus Legborsi Biibaloo  , Anslem Chester Iyama
Published: December 2024

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) is a hyperplastic process of the fibromuscular stromal and glandular epithelial elements of the periurethral prostate. Aging and the presence of the male hormones are the two established risk factors for the development of BPH. It is thought there could be roles for other factors.
Aim: To evaluate the role of alcohol, tobacco, and occupation in BPH.
Method: Using an interpreter-administered questionnaire we obtained history of occupation, tobacco and alcohol use from male volunteers in a community-based study, in Port Harcourt. We determined prostate volume with the formular -length x weight x height x 0.52 cm using Mindray DP2200 3.5 MHz curvilinear USS probe and classified prostate as normal, mildly, moderately and severely enlarged. Digital rectal examination(DRE), serum PSA (Acubind Elisa kit, Monobind INC, USA) and histopathology were used to rule out prostate cancer. Units of alcohol consumed was determined from the formular Percentage x Volume divided by 1000, quantity of tobacco used was expressed in Pack-year, and occupation was classified based on associated physical activity. Linear regression statistics with Odds Ratio was used to determine the strength of association of these risk factors and BPH.
Result: Individuals whose occupation involved low physical activity had higher percentage of moderately or severely enlarge prostate, alcohol had negligible negative association, smoking had no association with BPH
Conclusion: Smoking had no association with prostate enlargement, moderate alcohol consumption appeared protective against prostate enlargement and participants whose occupation involved above average physical exertion had smaller prostates.
Analisis Mata Pencaharian Penduduk Reteh Menanam Pinang untuk Menambah Income
Authors: Anisa Anisa  , Naskah Naskah  , Daniatul Maghfiroh  , Hafiz Taufiqurrahman Hashibuan
Published: December 2024

The largest livelihood of the Republic of Indonesia is the agricultural and plantation sectors. One of the plantation crops is the Areca nut plant. Indragiri Hilir Regency is one of the regencies that cultivates areca nuts. Indragiri Hilir Regency or better known as the land of a thousand bridges has 20 sub-districts, 39 villages, and 197 villages. Reteh is one of the sub-districts in Indragiri Hilir, where almost all the residents of this sub-district have areca nut land. This research method uses a literature study method. The results of this study show that areca nut plants can increase the income of the residents of Reteh District. So that they can meet daily needs. However, from the end of 2023 until now, the price of areca nuts has plummeted, making areca nut farmers struggling to meet their needs. "To what extent, is the government's assistance solution?" With conditions like this, farmers really hope for a solution from the government to improve the economy amidst the current plummeting price of areca nuts, so that the price of areca nuts can improve like in previous years so that the economy of farmers, especially areca nut farmers in Reteh District, can prosper again.
Gaya Komunikasi Pemimpin dan Kinerja Pegawai
Authors: Robyan E. Bafadal
Published: December 2024

Villages are one of the important administrative areas in nation building. There is an expression that building a village means building the nation. Development in the village relies on the work of the Village Head and village officials. Therefore, the Village Head as a leader in the village must be able to embrace the village apparatus. For this reason, the right communication style is needed to embrace the village apparatus. The Village Head must be able to adjust the communication style to the work at hand. By using qualitative data collection techniques, especially in-depth interviews, this paper finds that there is an influence on the communication style of leaders and the performance of village officials as employees. A free and equal communication style is then able to improve employee performance better.
Peran Guru IPS dalam Meningkatkan Kesadaran Siswa pada Isu-Isu Lingkungan Madrasah di MTsN 5 Tulungagung
Authors: Ulfatun Nadhifah  , Jani Jani
Published: December 2024

This research is motivated by the need to examine the role of Social Studies teachers in increasing student awareness of environmental issues at MTsN 5 Tulungagung. Environmental issues are an important topic in modern education due to their relevance to ecosystem sustainability and human quality of life. Social studies teachers have strategies to instill environmental care values through collaboration between school parties and the role of teachers as innovators. This thesis focuses on: 1) How social studies teachers play a role in increasing student awareness of environmental issues at MTsN 5 Tulungagung, 2) What strategies are used by social studies teachers to increase student awareness of environmental issues at MTsN 5 Tulungagung, 3) What are the supporting and inhibiting factors for social studies teachers in increasing student awareness of environmental issues at MTsN 5 Tulungagung. The objectives of this study are: 1) To determine the role of social studies teachers in increasing student awareness of environmental issues at MTsN 5 Tulungagung, 2) To determine what strategies are used by social studies teachers to increase student awareness of environmental issues at MTsN 5 Tulungagung, 3) To determine the supporting and inhibiting factors for social studies teachers in increasing student awareness of environmental issues. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research method. Data were obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. Observations were conducted to get a closer look at the object under study, interviews were used to identify or find problems openly at MTsN 5 Tulungagung, while documentation was used to collect data by investigating existing documents and is a place to prepare a number of data so that researchers get maximum information that can describe the condition of the object under study correctly. The results of this study indicate that the role of social studies teachers in increasing student awareness of environmental issues at MTsN 5 Tulungagung is by using the following methods: first, strengthening values and character such as; the value of responsibility, the value of caring and empathy, the value of discipline, and the value of mutual cooperation. Then the second method is an interactive teaching strategy. The strategy used by social studies teachers to increase student awareness of environmental issues at MTsN 5 Tulungagung is: the strategy of social studies teachers as innovators and collaborating between school parties. Supporting and inhibiting factors for social studies teachers in increasing student awareness of environmental issues at MTsN 5 Tulungagung include supporting factors such as school policies and collaboration between teachers, while the inhibiting factors themselves are both from the students themselves and internal factors such as from the canteen.
Optimalisasi Administrasi Tenaga Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan di Era Society 5.0
Authors: Nur ‘Azizah Yunara Putri  , Puti Jona Wildan  , Ahmad Sabri  , Rully Hidayatullah
Published: December 2024

Educators are at the forefront of educating the nation through various methods, paths, and levels of teaching. Students are working adults who enter the world of education (school) and return to society. Providing this foundation throughout life is the task of teachers, the backbone of the school. Management can be viewed as a process or as a task. Management as a process is the same as management in a broad sense. Management as a process of activities includes planning, organizing, directing or directing, and monitoring or controlling. These four components form a system that is interested and integrated as a whole. This means that your plan needs to be organized, managed, and monitored. The organization also needs to be planned, managed, and controlled. Control also needs to be planned, organized and controlled. Therefore, school management is the activity of allocating, organizing and using all resources to achieve educational goals in schools effectively and efficiently.
Hilangnya Budaya Lokal di Era Modern dan Upaya Pelestariannya dalam Perspektif Pancasila
Authors: Aisya Putri Handayani  , Jap Tji Beng  , Febynola Tiara Salsabilla  , Stefania Morin  , Thalia Syahrunia Suci Ardhia  , Valensia Audrey Rusli
Published: December 2024

Globalization phenomena influx a foreign culture, can shift the local cultural order. For example: K-pop culture increasingly dominates the preferences of young people, and reduces appreciation of local cultures. The loss of local culture and the declining application of Pancasila values pose a serious threat to the identity and sustainability of the nation. Pancasila serve a foundation of national life that is able to strengthen national identity in the midst of various global challenges. This research aims to analyze the impact of modernization and globalization on the loss of local culture in Indonesia, as well as the role of Pancasila in its preservation. This research uses qualitative methods with interview technique. The results of this study reveal that respondents have a good understanding of the concepts of modernization and globalization. Some respondents also realize that modernization and globalization can erode local cultural identity if not balanced with appropriate preservation efforts. From this research, it can be concluded that modernization and globalization can bring more impact or influence on local culture in Indonesia. The application of the precepts in Pancasila is believed to help maintain a balance between openness to global culture and preservation of national identity.
Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit: How Did It Originate?
Authors: Hock Hans Henrich
Published: December 2024

Since Edgerton 1953, Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit (BHS) has been considered a sanskritization of Prakrit, based on strong linguistic evidence: lexical items are Sanskritic, endings Prakritic. Sanskritization has been argued as motivated by a need to compete with Sanskrit-using brahmins. The issue of how sanskritization might have been accomplished is the topic of this paper. In early AD, Sanskrit was spread by brahmins as language of technical and fine literature. The curriculum of schools imparting Sanskrit instruction started with memorization of a Sanskrit lexicon and a version of Pāṇini’s grammar. The link between these was established in later years. Sanskritization of BHS can be explained in terms of early Buddhist students only completing the initial stage of instruction. This would provide them with a Sanskrit lexicon for replacing Prakrit words. However, not yet knowing how to apply the grammatical rules, students would use Prakritic endings. Support for this hypothesis comes from Kapstein’s (2018) account of grammatically deficient, but lexically accurate Sanskrit compositions by medieval Tibetans, as resulting from acquiring grammar and lexicon separately, ‘with almost no training in practical application’. I conclude by considering the implications of my proposal as well as the similarities and differences between BHS and ‘Bilingual Mixed Languages’.
Umlaut in Jerusalem Domari
Authors: Kitamura Moe
Published: December 2024

This study conducts a phonetic and phonological analysis of the umlaut phenomenon within the gender system of Jerusalem Domari. Using descriptive research and acoustic analysis of recordings, the study establishes several key findings: A contrast is observed in the integration of pre‑Arabic loanwords (Persian, Kurdish, Turkish) with Indo‑Aryan native words, which follow the umlaut rules, whereas the loanwords from Arabic, the most recent contact language, do not. A clear phonemic distinction is identified between the two open vowels, [a(ː)] and [ɑ(ː)], in pre‑Arabic words, while these vowels exhibit allophonic values in the Arabic loanwords.
İstanbul’da ulusal mimarlık üslubu kitabe bezemeleri
Authors: Sarımeşe Fatih
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma Ulusal Mimarlık Üslubunda inşa edilen yapılardaki kitabelerin bezemeleri hakkında genel bir değerlendirme yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. Ulusal Mimarlık Üslubu hakkında yapılan çalışmalarda genellikle kütle mimarisi, süsleme programı ve dönem mimarları hakkındadır. Yapılardaki kitabe bezemelerinin literatürde yer almaması bu çalışmanın yapılmasına vesile olmuştur. Erken Türk İslam devrinden itibaren yapılarda yer alan kitabelerde çeşitli süslemelerle zenginleştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Karahanlı, Gazneli ve Büyük Selçuklu devrine ait kitabelerde genellikle çiçek, rumi ve kıvrık dal motifleriyle süslenmiş kûfi yazı ve sülüs yazı görülmektedir. Bu gelenek Anadolu’da Selçuklu ve erken Osmanlı mimarisine ait kitabe bezemelerinde kısmen devam etmiştir. Klasik Osmanlı devri mimarisinde kitabe süslemeleri genellikle levhanın yanlarında ve köşelerinde klasik motiflerden oluşan kompozisyonlarla sağlanmıştır. Batılılaşma dönemine ait kitabeler bulundukları mimari yapının üslubunu yansıtmıştır. 19. yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren etkili olmaya başlayan Ulusal Mimarlık Üslubunda inşa edilen yapılardaki kitabe süslemeleri mimari üslubun getirdiği özelliklere göre şekillenmiştir. Bu durum Ulusal Mimarlık Üslubunun sadece mimari kütle ve tezyinat alanında değil ayrıca yapılarda bir detay olarak kabul edilen kitabe bezemelerinde dahi Selçuklu, erken ve klasik Osmanlı dönemi özelliklerinin etkili olduğuna işarettir.
Evolution as universal natural law(prolegomena to the future general evolution theory)
Authors: Shyrokov Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

In the third part of the work evolutionary aspects of human society based on the theory of complexity are presented. Theoretical and factual data are presented on population dynamics as an evolutionary factor. It is emphasized that from the 80-90s of the last century the era of the so-called Demographic transition came and the parameter “population size” ceased to play the role of an evolutionary factor. The evolutionary aspects of the financial stages of the Production Mechanism are analyzed. The complexity measures for these stages are proposed and it is shown that the present stage is characterized by an exponential increase in complexity. The notion of parasitic complexity is introduced, a model is proposed and an estimate of the effectiveness of the world financial system built on the dollar for the period from 1971 to 2016 is given. It is demonstrated that, due to the uncontrollable growth of complexity, the world is increasingly slipping into a global crisis, which due to its ontological nature can not be resolved by palliatives. From the standpoint of the theory of evolutionary complexity, the “doctrine of controlled chaos” is analyzed, as well as possible other options for dealing with crisis phenomena. Among these options, the most promising are the options associated with managed complexity, scientific and technological innovation and quantum information. From the standpoint of the theory of evolutionary complexity, the hypotheses of technological singularity and transhumanism are analyzed.
The method of two-sided iterations in the numerical analysis of the first boundary value problem for a system of semilinear elliptic equations
Authors: Sidorov M.V.
Published: December 2024

The problem of constructing a two-sided iteration method for solving the first boundary value problem for a system of semilinear elliptic equations is considered. Two approaches are proposed, based on the use of the green functions method and the green-rvachev quasi-functions method, respectively. with the help of these methods, the considered boundary value problem is reduced to an equivalent nonlinear integral equation. The obtained integral equation is investigated by methods of nonlinear analysis in semi-ordered spaces, in particular, using the results of V.I. Opoicev from the theory of heterotone operators. In this case, an iterative sequence is constructed, which two-sided converges to the only positive solution of the corresponding boundary value problem.
Mathematical modeling of the system «tar – polymer – filler» by means of the system of computer algebra Maple
Authors: Povzun Oleksiy , Podkopayev Sergiy , Kalynychenko Valeriy , Virych Svitlana
Published: December 2024

The mathematical and computer research and optimization of the system "Modified medium (coal tar) - polymer (waste from Pvc production) - active disperse filler (waste coke production - cube residues of distillation of phthalic anhydride)" are carried out. A mathematical model was developed for optimization of the composition of carbonaceous binders. Сarbonaceous binders contain coal tar, modified with polyvinylchloride production residues, which are filled with cube residues of distillation of phthalic anhydride. The graphical editor of the computer system Maple built three-dimensional diagrams "system optimization parameters - variance factors". The areas of admissible values of optimal polymer concentrations and active disperse filler in carbonaceous binders, which correspond to the limiting value of the response function, is determined.
Comparison of time series forecasting methods
Authors: Shirokopetleva M. , Ponomarenko O. , Dudar Z.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the description and comparison of time series forecasting models and identifying the possibilities of using various models for solving forecasting problems with different initial data: time intervals, presence of seasonality and / or trends. In addition, among the two popular ARIMA and ANN forecasting methods, a more detailed review and practical comparison was made using the example of real time series of the cost of rye bread in Ukraine, forecast errors for the short and long term were identified. The estimation of the error was carried out using the software system presented in this article by comparing the deviation of the prediction results from the real data for the last period, which is 1/4 of the original data. According to the results obtained, conclusions were drawn regarding the effectiveness of both methods and the potential possibilities of their future use. It is also proposed to use the presented software system for extrapolating series in various fields, such as economics, technical systems, education, natural and social systems.
Development of information technology management system for the provision of IT servic
Authors: Levykin V.M. , Iuriev I.O.
Published: December 2024

Considered the problem of managing the system of providing IT services. The analysis of existing software and information technologies allowing to manage IT services in the face of changing functional requirements. An information technology has been proposed which is a sequence of works combined into 4 main stages: forming a request for changing functional requirements, searching for IT services in a catalog, choosing the best IT service for functional requirements, evaluating the impact of a selected IT service on an enterprise infrastructure. A software implementation of this information technology has been developed. Presents the results of the application of software implementation of information technology in the implementation of the request to change the functional requirements. The results of its application have allowed to reduce the time spent by the personnel of the enterprise during the implementation of requests for changes in functional requirements.
Recognition of image resizing and color based on a convolutional neural network
Authors: Axak N.G. , Bezsonov O.O. , Novoselcev I.V. , Rudenko O.G.
Published: December 2024

The article describes the use of the Mask R-CNN convolutional neural network for recognition of changes in image size and color. The use of this network is justified by the fact that, unlike other types of convolutional neural networks, this network is designed not only to detect all objects of the indicated classes and determine the covering frame for each of them, but also to determine the pixels belonging to each object of each class separately. The architecture of this network is described. A modification of the learning algorithm of the multilayer perceptron, which is part of the Mask R-CNN, is a matrix version of the Kacmage (Widrow-Hoff) procedure. Due to the presence of limited interference, it is proposed to use the dead zone in the algorithm, for which tuning procedures are given. An experimental study of the effectiveness of the network in the task of recognizing skin disease - melanoma was conducted. A set of photographs from the competition “ISIC 2016: Skin Lesion Analysis Towards Melanoma Detection” was used as a training sample. The obtained results testify to the effectiveness of the developed approach.
Applying gradient boosting as a stac king algorithm over bottleneck features to achieve high image classification accuracy
Authors: Golian Nataliia , Afanasieva Iryna , Golian Vira , Panchenko Dmytro
Published: December 2024

With the development of the Internet, making many images available online for analysis, object recognition software is gaining more and more attention from researchers. Factors are driving the development of computer vision today: mobile devices with built-in cameras, the availability of computing power, the availability of computer vision and analysis equipment, and new algorithms such as convolutional neural networks that take advantage of the power of hardware and software. The work is generally devoted to the consideration of the problem of image classification using convolutional neural networks. And in particular, one of the most popular and applied in practice machine learning algorithms −gradient boosting applied to the bottlenecks of deep convolutional neural networks. It also discusses three scenarios for applying gradient boosting to bottlenecks extracted from the last convolutional layer of the neural network. The essence of boosting, as well as of other ensembles of algorithms, is to collect one strong from several weak models. The general idea of boosting algorithms is to consistently apply predictors so that each subsequent model minimizes the error of the previous one. Gradient boosting works by sequentially adding new models to past models so that errors made by previous predictors are corrected.
Neural network technology for multilingual classification of electronic texts
Authors: Dudnyk M. , Udovenko S. S. , Chala L. , Sokolovska M.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the development of a technology for building multilingual classifiers based onneural network processing of a vector representation of texts generated using the XLM-RoBerta model. The advantages of using the text vectorization of a recurrent neural network based on the transformer of the XLM-RoBerta model are considered. The interaction scheme of the developed classifier based on the LSTM network with the text vectorization model is presented. The proposed architectural solution is due to the need to optimize the cost of resources and save them when using the model in the release environment using the developed web service. The software implementation of the proposed classification technology has been implemented. The software application is implemented in the Python programming language using the TensorFlow machine learning library and the Tensorflow Extended integrated platform. The server part is implemented using the aiohttp framework. An experimental study of the developed text classifier was carried out using the News Category Dataset, which is a multilingual heading of text news. The use of the proposed classification technology is characterized by a slight deterioration in quality indicators when changing the language, which allows developing multilingual models without loss of performance when changing the language of the input data. The test results confirm the effectiveness of the above approach.
Analysis of existing methods and models of in-depth learning in the problems of natural language processing
Authors: Horbenko Vladyslav , Onyshchenko Kostiantyn , Afanasieva Iryna , Kameniev Roman
Published: December 2024

Approaches and methods of deep learning of natural language are considered. Deep neural networks are being created as direct propagation networks, but research has very successfully applied recurrent neural networks to tasks such as language modeling. Convolutional deep neural networks are used in computer vision and natural language. Convolutional deep neural networks have also been applied to acoustic modeling for automatic speech recognition. Flexible neural network, these functions are used to describe rectangular objects in the form of a binary mask in natural language, as well as to calculate scale regression to improve the accuracy of a particular position. Multivariate logistic function used to describe rectangular objects in the form of a binary mask, as well as to calculate scale regression to improve the accuracy of a particular position. A deep network of beliefs, which is a type of deep neural network made up of several layers of hidden variables that have connectionsbut not between nodes within each layer. Neural networks store and sample large memory, its feature is that it is a fast neural network with many layers that can be used simultaneously. Deep machine learning. Compound car encoders, the purpose of the car encoder, which is dictated by the concept of «good performance». The existing models and methods for solving the tasks are considered. Different methods were analyzed and a comparison of positive and negative factors of choosing a method was made. In the end, the conclusions were summarized, which summarized both the positive and negative aspects of the reviewed methods in terms of application in natural language.
Comparison of the efficiency of path finding algorithms in the development of game artificial intelligence
Authors: Kyrychenko I.V. , Roshka Veronika
Published: December 2024

In terms of games, true AI goes far beyond the requirements of an entertainment software project. In games, this power is not needed. Game AI does not have to be endowed with feelings and self-awareness; it does not need to learn anything outside of the gameplay. The real purpose of AI in games is to mimic intelligent behavior and to present the player with a compelling, believable challenge. In order for artificial intelligence to make meaningful decisions, it needs to somehow perceive the environment in which it is located. In simple systems, this perception can be limited to simply checking the position of the player’s object. In more complex systems, it is required to determine the main characteristics and properties of the game world, for example, possible routes for movement, the presence of natural shelters on the ground, and areas of conflict. At the same time, developers need to come up with a way to identify and define the main properties of the game world that are important for the AI system. For example, terrain cover can be predefined by the level designers or calculated in advance when loading or compiling a level map. Some elements need to be calculated on the fly, such as conflict maps and nearby threats. Pathfinder – the computer determines the best route between two points. You can often encounter it when developing games, for example, if there are free-moving enemies in them. It is necessary not only to find the shortest distance, but also to take into account the duration of the movement. To find this path, you can use the graph search algorithm, which is applicable if the map is a graph. A * is often used as a graph search algorithm. Breadth First Search is the simplest graph search algorithm, so in this article we will start to understand it and gradually move on to A*. Bump-and-turn maps allow you to adapt to changing maps. But in strategy games, players can’t wait for their troops to figure out the routes. In addition, path maps can be very large, and choosing the right path on such maps will consume a lot of resources. In such situations, the pathfinding algorithm comes to the rescue.
Mathematical aspects of the basic ontology in the problems of production planning for machine-building enterprises
Authors: Borgest N.M. , Povzun A.I. , Chetverykov G.G.
Published: December 2024

On the basis of ontological analysis, the problems of management of a machine-building enterprise and, in particular, the problems of production planning are considered. The approaches and principles of creating ontologies for a machine-building enterprise are analyzed. Special attention is paid to multiagent technologies and the intersubjective approach when describing the ontological properties of actors in an enterprise. The article describes the problems of ontology in relation to the management of an engineering facility and production planning. The approaches to ontology creation are analyzed. Given representation of the basic ontology of the enterprise allows to visualize the nature of the interactions of basic entities, grounded approach to the formation of adequate criteria and conditions of their interaction.
Maltepe Askeri (Asâkir-i Mansûre) Hastanesi Hakkında Bazı Bilgiler
Authors: Ayyıldız Yasemin , Yaşayanlar İsmail
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Maltepe Askeri Hastanesi’nin ilk yıllarında geçirdiği onarımlar ile hizmette kaldığı süreçte hastaneye yapılan denetimlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: 1 Mayıs-20 Temmuz 2024 arasında gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada klasik tarih yazımı yöntemi kullanılarak T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi fonlarından ve konuyla ilgili mevcut literatürden yararlanılmıştır.
Bulgular: XVIII. yüzyıl sonlarında Osmanlı Devleti’nde askeri alanda gerçekleşen ıslahatlarla ordunun modernleşmesi sağlık alanına da aksetmiştir. Ordudaki askerlerin sağlığını korumak amacıyla kurulan modern anlamda askeri hastanelerin ilk örnekleri verilmeye başlanmıştır. XIX. yüzyıla gelindiğinde ise tıpta yaşanan modernleşme hız kazanarak birçok yeni modern askeri hastaneler tesis edilmiştir. Asâkir-i Mansûre Hastanesi adı ile de bilinen Maltepe Askeri Hastanesi, XIX. yüzyıl başlarında kurulmuş ilk modern askeri hastanelerden olması nedeniyle önem arz etmektedir. II. Mahmud’un hükümdarlığı sırasında Rami ve Davudpaşa kışlalarındaki askerlere hizmet etmek amacıyla vücuda getirilen bu hastane, bahsi geçen iki kışla arasında inşa edilmiştir. 1827 tarihinde açılan Maltepe Askeri Hastanesi, inşasının aceleye getirilmesi sonucunda hizmete açıldığı ilk yıllarda çeşitli tadilatlara ihtiyaç duymuştur. Ayrıca hastanede çalışan personellerin işlerini doğru bir şekilde yerine getirip getirmediği de denetlenmiştir.
Sonuç: 1827’de hızla inşa edilen Maltepe Askeri Hastanesi’nde bu tarihten kısa bir süre sonra Aralık 1829’da ilk tadilat çalışmaları gerçekleştirilerek ilerleyen süreçte de yeni onarımlara ihtiyaç duymaya devam etmiştir. Hastanede yapılan denetimler neticesinde ise görevlerini iyi şekilde icra eden personeller ödüllendirilirken, görevlerinde ihmalkar olan veya usulsüzlüklerde bulunan personeller cezalandırılmışlardır.
Investigation of the possibility of using fatigue hardening to increase the cyclic durability of metal parts
Authors:   NRC «KURCHATOV INSTITUTE» All–Russian scientific research institute of aviation materials, Lavrov A.V. , Yakovlev N.O. , Grigoriev M.V.
Published: December 2024

В статье представлены результаты работ по исследованию поверхностного
упрочнения плоских образцов из алюминиевого сплава и коррозионностойкой стали в
режиме циклического сжатия без накопления односторонней пластической
деформации. Описаны процессы изготовления образцов, механические свойства
исходных полуфабрикатов, методики их упрочнения, показаны результаты
усталостных испытаний. Рассмотрены условия пластического внедрения пуансонов,
экспериментально показано, что упрочнение проводилось в области макроскопических
упругих деформаций. Проанализированы возможные механизмы упрочнения;
показано, что основным действующим фактором процесса упрочнения является
усталостный наклеп.
A Condensed Overview of the Aethic Solution to the Measurement Problem
Authors: Benander Ajax
Published: December 2024

The quantum measurement problem is one of the most profound challenges in modern physics, questioning how and why the wavefunction collapses during measurement to produce a single observable outcome. In this paper, we propose a novel solution through a logical framework called Aethic reasoning, which reinterprets the ontology of time and information in quantum mechanics. Central to this approach is the Aethic principle of extrusion, which models wavefunction collapse as progression along a Markov chain of block universes, effectively decoupling the Einsteinian flow of time from quantum collapse events. This principle introduces an additional degree of freedom to time, enabling the first Aethic postulate: that informational reality is reference-dependent, akin to the relativity of simultaneity in special relativity. This reference point, or Aethus, is rigorously defined within a mathematical structure. Building on this foundation, the second postulate resolves the distinction between quantum superpositions and logical contradictions by encoding superpositions in a “backend” Aethic framework before rendering observable states. The third postulate further distinguishes quantum coherence from decoherence using a two-generational model of state inheritance, potentially advancing beyond simpler interpretations of information leakage. Together, these postulates yield a direct theoretical derivation of the collapse postulate, fully consistent with empirical results such as the outcome of the double-slit experiment. By addressing foundational aspects of quantum mechanics through a logically robust and philosophically grounded lens, this framework sheds new light on the measurement problem and offers a solid foundation for future exploration.
Identifying behavioral markers of transdiagnostic psychopathology with smartphone sensors
Authors: Ringwald Whitney R. , King Grant , Vize Colin , Wright Aidan G.C.
Published: December 2024

Smartphone sensors can continuously and unobtrusively collect clinically relevant behavioral data, allowing for more precise symptom monitoring in clinical and research settings. However, progress in identifying behavioral markers of psychopathology from smartphone sensors has been stalled by research on diagnostic categories that are heterogenous and have many non-specific symptoms. This study addresses these limitations by identifying passively sensed markers for empirically based, transdiagnostic domains. Our sample included 557 participants selected for mental health treatment status who completed a 14-day ambulatory assessment protocol. Data from participant’s GPS, accelerometer, motion, call logs, screen on/off, and battery status were used to derive 27 behavioral markers. Results showed that each psychopathology domain had significant, bivariate associations with 4-10 smartphone sensor variables. After adjusting for shared variance between psychopathology dimensions, all domains except thought disorder retained significant, incremental associations with sensor variables, reflecting unique behavioral signatures (standardized bs=|.15|–|.25|). The p-factor was associated with lower mobility, more time at home, later bedtime, and less phone charge (bs=|.12|–|.24|). Our findings show that domains encompassing most major forms of psychopathology are not only detectable with smartphone sensors, but there are also markers that distinguish these domains. Results showing many behavioral markers reflect non-specific psychopathology reinforces the need for dimensional, transdiagnostic models in digital psychiatry. Findings from this study can advance research on day-to-day maintenance mechanisms of psychopathology and inform development of symptom monitoring tools.
Dynamic Measurement Invariance Cutoffs for Two-Group Fit Index Differences
Authors: McNeish Daniel
Published: December 2024

Measurement invariance is investigated to ensure that a measurement scale functions similarly across different demographic groups or timepoints. A prevailing approach is to fit a series of multiple-group confirmatory factor models and then compare differences in fit indices of constrained and unconstrained models. Common recommendations are that ΔCFI above −.01 or ΔRMSEA less than .01 suggests evidence of invariance. In this paper, we review the methodological literature that highlights that these widely used cutoffs do not generalize well. Specifically, distributions of fit index differences expand or contract based on model and data characteristics, making any single cutoff unlikely to maintain desirable performance across a wide range of conditions. To address this, we propose a method called dynamic measurement invariance (DMI) cutoffs, which is an extension of dynamic fit index (DFI) cutoffs originally devised to accommodate related issues in single-group models. DMI generalizes and executes a simulation based on the researcher’s specific model and data characteristics to derive custom fit index difference cutoffs with optimal performance for the model being evaluated. The paper explains the method and provides simulations and empirical examples to demonstrate its potential contribution, as well as ways in which it could be extended to expand its scope and utility. Open-source software is also provided to improve accessibility of the method.
Less Heuristic Approximate Local Fit Evaluation in Structural Equation Models
Authors: McNeish Daniel
Published: December 2024

Local fit evaluation inspects the discrepancy between model-implied and observed correlation elements to identify areas of strain. A discrepancy less than 0.10 is a common benchmark for acceptably close local fit. However, the raw correlation scale includes nonlinearities and restrictions due to bounded endpoints, variance distortions, and dependencies due to positive definiteness. Consequently, a fixed criterion like 0.10 on the correlation scale can apply a different level of precision to different correlation matrix elements. To address this, we adapt the Opdyke distribution from finance to local fit evaluation. This distribution operates on the hyperspherical decomposition of a correlation matrix, which allows each element to have an independent univariate distribution. Importantly, this distribution encodes all correlation-scale restrictions. This permits expressing correlation discrepancies in terms of relative percentiles of an Opdyke distribution, which is more consistent, less heuristic, and can better account for correlation-scale restrictions than conventional fixed benchmarks.
Measurement and prediction of individual and group differences in the digital environment
Authors: Kosinski Michal
Published: December 2024

Differences in personality affect the online as well as the offline behaviour of individuals and groups. I examine this behaviour as captured by social network profiles, performance in tasks, and preferences for content, such as websites and brands. Results show that there are psychologically meaningful links between users’ online behaviour and their personality, intelligence and other traits. By exploring these links, it is demonstrated that it is possible to accurately predict individual and group psycho-demographic profiles based on samples of online behaviour. The internet also presents a magnificent opportunity to study the ways in which individual differences at both the group and the individual level manifest themselves in different outcomes. This was explored by examining the aggregate intelligence of a group of people operating within a crowdsourcing environment and the manner in which this measure could be affected by different incentives. I design and deploy an intelligence questionnaire aimed at crowds working together in the online environment and examine the relationship between the intelligence of the crowd and the intelligence of individual members. The performance of the crowd working within the context of a crowdsourcing platform is found to be significantly higher than that of crowds working within a laboratory environment, and also of that of an average individual in the general population. Moreover, the results indicate that the crowd and individual intelligence has a non-linear relationship with the rewards offered to crowd members, with both too high and too low rewards negatively affecting performance. This work suggests that human behaviour in the online environment is driven by the same set of psychological factors as is the case in the traditional offline world. However, the degree to which human behaviour is nowadays digitally recorded creates significant opportunities as well as challenges for researchers in particular and humanity in general.
THE ANALYSIS OF BLACK SEA GRAIN INITIATIVE’S IMPACT ON MARINE LOGISTICS OF UKRAINE'S EXPORTS
Authors:   Odessa National Maritime University, Sokolov Andriy
Published: December 2024

The paper noted that the russian aggression came at a bad time for global food markets, as food prices were already high due to complications in seaborne grain logistics caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, high global demand and low harvests in some countries. The war led to immediate and far-reaching consequences for the world grain market: Ukrainian exports were significantly reduced, mobilization and display-cement of the population caused a labor shortage, access to fertilizers became limited, and the volume of future grain crops cannot be predicted due to russia's temporary occupation of the available cultivated areas, theirpollution and destruction of grain infrastructure.Before the full-scale russian invasion, about 90% of Ukraine's agricultural exports were transported by sea.The russian military blockaded the Ukrainian Black Sea ports and led to a de facto stoppage of exports.However, the actions taken by the EU to introduce alternative transport routes (so-called «Solidarity Routes»), as well as by the UN and Turkey to unblock ports (Black Sea Grain Initiative), have led to increased exports and a steady decline in food prices.After Russia's withdrawal from the Initiative in July 2023, exports from Ukraine decreased again, and prices increased.A positive forecast of the world harvest is currently stabilizing prices.But the world's food supply remains precarious, as ongoing russian aggression and a desire to block Ukrainian Black Sea ports significantly reduce Ukraine's ability to export grain and food to the world market. The paper’s aim is to analyze the impact of the Black Sea Grain Initiative on maritime export logistics of Ukraine, as well as to determine alternative logistics routes in the event of the Initiative's termination.The paper analyzes the geographical and commodity structure of Ukraine's exports due to the Black Sea Grain Initiative. Directions for improving maritime logistics after the completion of the Black Sea Grain Initiative through the use of Danube river ports are proposed.The economic feasibility of alternative logistics routes is determined. Keywords:Black Sea Grain Initiative, maritime logistics, full-scale russian invasion, grain exports, alternative logistics routes, Danube ports.
La tercera Crítica y la nueva escuela francesa
Authors: Tillería Aqueveque Leopoldo
Published: December 2024

Tillería Aqueveque, Leopoldo Edgardo. La tercera Crítica y la nueva escuela francesa. Propongo el término “nueva escuela francesa” para aglutinar algunas recepciones contemporáneas centradas en la arquitectónica de la tercera Crítica. Los comentarios de los filósofos galos Alexis Philonenko, Baldine Saint Girons y Frank Pierobon —representantes de dicha nueva escuela— ponen en liza el verdadero conflicto en la última Crítica entre fenomenología y epistemología, o, si se prefiere, experiencia emocional y trascendentalidad. La bipolarización del filósofo prusiano entre juicios sintéticos y juicios analíticos muestra entonces la paradoja de una filosofía trascendental flanqueada, por un lado, por una arquitectónica de la ciencia, y, por el otro, por una arquitectónica de la razón. Este último flanco, según la crítica francófona, sería precisamente la arquitectónica de la Crítica del juicio.
Acontecimiento revolucionario y verdad. La noción de revolución en la discusión contemporánea sobre la acción política
Authors: Garduño Comparán Carlos Alfonso
Published: December 2024

Garduño, Carlos. Acontecimiento revolucionario y verdad. La noción de revolución en la discusión contemporánea sobre la acción política. En este texto tengo el propósito de discutir la noción de acontecimiento revolucionario en dos momentos, con el fin de mostrar su pertinencia en la discusión contemporánea sobre la acción política. En el primero revisaré la crítica de Hannah Arendt al marxismo como forma de pensamiento que reinterpreta las categorías tradicionales de jerarquización de la actividad humana y que pretende determinar el sentido del acontecimiento a través de una verdad teórica, lo cual, a juicio de la autora, condiciona su fracaso como proceso emancipador. Posteriormente, en el segundo momento, desarrollo una respuesta marxista a la postura de Arendt a partir de las críticas de Cornelius Castoriadis, Alain Badiou y Slavoj Žižek, y de los desarrollos de Badiou y Žižek sobre la vinculación entre acontecimiento y verdad.
Sacroileitis piógena posparto
Authors: Sarmiento-Piña Maira , Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo
Published: December 2024

El dolor de espalda y glúteos es un problema común e inespecífico que se presenta confrecuencia durante el embarazo y el puerperio. Generalmente, este dolor mejora por sí solo y raravez ocasiona complicaciones. La sacroileitis séptica, por otro lado, es una inflamación de laarticulación sacroilíaca causada por la invasión de microbios en el espacio sinovial. La sacroileitispiógena asociada al embarazo, aunque poco frecuente durante el período periparto, se relaciona conuna morbilidad y mortalidad significativas. El diagnóstico oportuno puede ser difícil debido a lasintomatología inespecífica de la enfermedad. Se caracteriza por sensibilidad en la articulaciónsacroilíaca, dificultad para caminar y dolor lumbar lancinante y progresivo que puede irradiarse a losglúteos. Además, se observa un aumento en las concentraciones séricas de marcadoresinflamatorios. Las imágenes de resonancia magnética pueden mostrar cambios edematosos en laarticulación sacroilíaca. La antibioticoterapia intravenosa es el tratamiento de primera línea enpacientes diagnosticados con sacroileitis piógena, previniendo la aparición de complicaciones gravesen la articulación. Se presenta un caso de sacroileitis piógena posparto.