bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Building Change Detection with UVT-BCD: A UNet-Vision Transformer Fusion Approach
Authors: Geetha T S , Chellaswamy C , Raja T Kali
Published: March 2024

Building change detection (BCD) is particularly important for comprehending ground changes and activities carried out by humans. Since its introduction, deep learning has emerged as the dominant method for BCD. Despite this, the detection accuracy continues to be inadequate because of the constraints imposed by feature extraction requirements. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to present a feature enhancement network that combines a UNet encoder and a vision transformer (UVT) structure in order to identify BCD (UVT-BCD). A deep convolutional network and a section of the vision transformer structure are combined in this model. The result is a strong feature extraction capability that can be used for a wide variety of building types. To improve the ability of small-scale structures to be detected, you should design an attention mechanism that takes into consideration both the spatial and channel dimensions. A cross-channel context semantic aggregation module is used to carry out information aggregation in the channel dimension. Experiments have been conducted in numerous cases using two different BCD datasets to evaluate the performance of the previously suggested model. The findings reveal that UVT-BCD outperforms existing approaches, achieving improvements of 5.95% in overall accuracy, 5.33% in per-class accuracy, and 8.28% in the Cohen's Kappa statistic for the LEVIR-CD dataset. Furthermore, it demonstrates enhancements of 6.05% and 6.4% in overall accuracy, 6.56% and 5.89% in per-class accuracy, and 6.71% and 6.23% in the Cohen's Kappa statistic for the WHU-CD dataset.
Modeling Highway-Rail Grade Crossing (HRGC) Crash Frequency
Authors: Soltaninejad Mostafa , Salum Jimoku , Kodi John , Alluri Priyanka , Lin Pei-Sung , Wang Zhenyu
Published: March 2024

Substantial research in highway safety has focused on roadway crash frequency analysis; however, only a few studies have focused on the safety at highway-rail grade crossings (HRGCs). This study aimed to determine factors affecting the frequency of crashes at HRGCs. The statistical modeling and analysis were based on five years of HRGC crashes (2017–2021) that occurred on state-maintained HRGCs in Florida. Police reports of 2,092 crashes flagged as "railroad crossing" were downloaded and reviewed. The manual review of the police reports indicated that only 1,690 reports were classified as HRGC crashes. The Bayesian negative binomial model was applied to identify various contributing factors associated with the frequency of HRGC crashes. The following variables significantly increase the number of HRGC crashes: high-speed facilities, number of tracks, facilities with 4 to 5 lanes, presence of railroad crossing gates, proximity to a traffic control signal, and high traffic volume. To mitigate these risks, engineering treatments such as improved signing and pavement markings and implementation of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) technologies are recommended.
ConFormer: A Novel Collection of Deep Learning Models to Assist Cardiologists in the Assessment of Cardiac Function
Authors: Thomas Ethan , Aslam Salman
Published: March 2024

Cardiovascular diseases, particularly heart failure, are a leading cause of death globally. The early detection of heart failure through routine echocardiogram screenings is often impeded by the high cost and labor-intensive nature of these procedures, a barrier that can mean the difference between life and death. This paper presents ConFormer, a novel, light-weight, convolutional neural network based deep learning model designed to automate the estimation of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) and Left Ventricular Dimensions (LVD) from echocardiograms. Results obtained are comparable to SOTA algorithms but with reduced computational complexity. The implementation of ConFormer has the potential to enhance preventative cardiology by enabling cost-effective, accessible, and comprehensive heart health monitoring. The source code is available at https://github.com/Aether111/ConFormer.
How post-fire succession shapes psammophilous ground-dwelling assemblages: effect of wildfire and alteration in food composition.
Authors: Stočes Dominik , Šipoš Jan , Špoula Jakub , Kula Emanuel
Published: March 2024

Psammophilous beetles, a group endangered in temperate ecosystems, are mainly threatened by habitat loss. These beetles thrive in areas formed by the weathering of marine or fluvial sediments. Historically, practices such as slash-and-burn method or litter raking have exposed and destabilized sediments. In Europe, the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) has been used to stabilize sand dunes, improve soil composition and create shadier environments. This has led to the degradation of psammophilous communities and a decline in biodiversity. Our study examines whether fire can help restore and maintain psammophilous beetle populations. Our research focused on two aspects: (i) the long-term effects of wildfire in 2012 on beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in the "Moravská Sahara–Bzenec district" of South Moravia (period 2013–2021), and (ii) the effects of environmental factors, influenced by the aforementioned wildfire on the distribution of these beetles in the period 2016 to 2021. The study compared species composition, life-history traits, and functional diversity between three forest stages: (i) newly disturbed areas with Coarse Wood Debris (CWD) left to naturally decay; (ii) semi-decayed mid-aged stands and (iii) reference mid-aged stands. Our findings indicate that fire was important factor influencing species assemblages. Interestingly, post-fire changes in food availability emerged as the second important factor, leading to the formation of two distinct species clusters: granivorous species thrived on site dominated by graminoids, and site with accumulated CWD was attracted predominantly by carnivorous species. We propose, that fire management could be an effective strategy for conserving and promoting the diversity of psammophilic beetles.
PPARγ Attenuates Cellular Senescence of Alveolar Macrophages in Asthma- COPD Overlap
Authors: Wan Rongjun , Srika Prakhyath , Xie Shaobing , Chen Qiong , Hu Chengping , Wan Mei , Li Yuanyaun , Gao Peisong
Published: March 2024

Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO) represents a complex condition characterized by shared clinical and pathophysiological features of asthma and COPD in older individuals. However, the pathophysiology of ACO remains unexplored. We aimed to identify the major inflammatory cells in ACO, examine senescence within these cells, and elucidate the genes responsible for regulating senescence. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to investigate major cell types and cellular senescence signatures in a public single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) dataset derived from the lung tissues of patients with ACO. Similar analyses were carried out in an independent cohort study Immune Mechanisms Severe Asthma (IMSA), which included bulk RNA-Seq and CyTOF data from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples. The analysis of the scRNA-Seq data revealed that monocytes/ macrophages were the predominant cell type in the lung tissues of ACO patients, constituting more than 50% of the cells analyzed. Lung monocytes/macrophages from patients with ACO exhibited a lower prevalence of senescence as defined by lower enrichment scores of SenMayo and expression levels of cellular senescence markers. Intriguingly, analysis of the IMSA dataset showed similar results in patients with severe asthma. They also exhibited a lower prevalence of senescence, particularly in airway CD206 + macrophages, along with increased cytokine expression (e.g., IL-4, IL-13, and IL-22). Further exploration identified alveolar macrophages as a major subtype of monocytes/macrophages driving cellular senescence in ACO. Differentially expressed genes related to oxidation-reduction, cytokines, and growth factors were implicated in regulating senescence in alveolar macrophages. PPARγ (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma) emerged as one of the predominant regulators modulating the senescent signature of alveolar macrophages in ACO. Collectively, the findings suggest that senescence in macrophages, particularly alveolar macrophages, plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of ACO. Furthermore, PPARγ may represent a potential therapeutic target for interventions aimed at modulating senescence-associated processes in ACO.
The Renunciation of Healthcare Services in the Italian Regions in the ESG Context
Authors: Leogrande Angelo , Resta Emanuela , Costantiello Alberto
Published: March 2024

In the following article, we estimate the Renunciation of Healthcare Services-RHS in Italian regions in the context of the Environmental, Social and Governance-ESG model during the period 2004-2022. The data were acquired from the ISTAT-BES dataset. The data were analyzed using the following econometric techniques: Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, Pooled Ordinary Least Squares-OLS, Weighted Least Square-WLS,. Results show that RHS tends to growth with the E-Component, is negatively associated to the S-Component, and positively associate with the G-Component within the ESG model. Furthermore, a clusterization with the unsupervised k-Means algorithm is presented and the results are discussed with a confrontation between optimal and suboptimal k values optimized with the Silhouette Coefficient. Finally, a confrontation among eight different machine-learning algorithms is performed to predict the future value of RHS. Outcomes show that the Simple Regression Tree is the best predictive algorithm and that the level of RHS is predicted to growth on average of 4.4% for the Italian regions. Results are critically discussed.
JEL CODE: I11, I12, I13, I14, I15, I18
Preparation of protein imprinted gelatin/N-Vinylformamide hydrogel membrane protein grafted on polyurethane
Authors: Mikautadze Otar , Chkheidze Dali , Kotishadze Temur , Surguladze Mikheil
Published: March 2024

Using polyurethane (PU) as the carrier, membrane protein as the template, N-Vinylformamide (NVF) as the monomer, and 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) as the crosslinker, in the presence of gelatin, and initiated by ultraviolet radiation, the hydrogel PU-NVF-Gelatin was prepared. The effects of monomer concentration, crosslinker concentration, and gelatin concentration on the adsorption capacity for the membrane protein and the imprinting efficiency were studied. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity for the membrane protein on the PU-grafted imprinted hydrogel was achieved when the monomer mass fraction was 5%, the crosslinker mass fraction was 3%, and the gelatin mass fraction was 0.6%.
Identification of Resistance to Target Spot of Tomato Caused by Corynespora cassiicola in Wild Tomato Accessions
Authors: Sierra-Orozco Edgar , Smeda John , Xavier Katia Viana , Shekasteband Reza , Vallad Gary E. , Hutton Samuel F.
Published: March 2024

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an important vegetable crop and a valuable source of nutrients for the human diet. The southeast is the main fresh market tomato producer of the United States, with much of the production concentrated in Florida. However, production in this region is threatened by plant diseases such as target spot of tomato (TS) caused by Corynespora cassiicola, a multitrophic fungus widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. TS can infect foliage and fruit, often resulting in significant yield losses in conductive environments. There are no known TS-resistant cultivars, and control relies entirely on fungicidal sprays. However, several studies have demonstrated that the fungus is developing resistance to commonly used fungicides which further complicates disease management. The objective of this work was to identify sources of resistance to TS from wild Solanum accessions. Initial screens of 83 accessions informed the selection of 24 accessions for a more robust screening in which six diverse C. cassiicola isolates were used for single-isolate inoculation experiments. The results from a broad-sense mixed-model analysis including data from all six experiments demonstrated that all 24 accessions had significantly lower disease severities compared with the susceptible controls, suggesting that all accessions potentially harbor resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Solanum cheesmaniae accession LA0524, S. galapagense accessions LA0483 and LA0532, and S. pimpinellifolium accession LA2093 were among the most resistant accessions tested and may be particularly useful for introgression of resistance into cultivated germplasm and for mapping of TS resistance QTLs.
Phase diagram for strong-coupling Bose polarons
Authors: Christianen Arthur , Cirac J. Ignacio , Schmidt Richard
Published: March 2024

Important properties of complex quantum many-body systems and their phase diagrams can often already be inferred from the impurity limit. The Bose polaron problem describing an impurity atom immersed in a Bose-Einstein condensate is a paradigmatic example. The interplay between the impurity-mediated attraction between the bosons and their intrinsic repulsion makes this model rich and interesting, but also complex to describe theoretically. To tackle this challenge, we develop a quantum chemistry-inspired computational technique and compare two variational methods that fully include both the boson-impurity and interboson interactions. We find one regime where the impurity-mediated interactions overcome the repulsion between the bosons, so that a sweep of the boson-impurity interaction strength leads to an instability of the polaron due to the formation of many-body clusters. If instead the interboson interactions dominate, the impurity will experience a crossover from a polaron into a few-body bound state. We achieve a unified understanding incorporating both of these regimes and show that they are experimentally accessible. Moreover, we develop an analytical model that allows us to interpret these phenomena in the Landau framework of phase transitions, revealing a deep connection of the Bose polaron model to both few- and many-body physics.
Assessment of the minimal distance for placing household connections downstream of water distribution cross junctions
Authors: Mompremier Rojacques , Gómez-Núñez Jersain , Guadarrama-Pérez Román , Ramírez-Muñoz Jorge
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the solute (chlorine residual) mixing phenomena downstream of a cross junction, considering its critical role in household connections. Experiments were conducted under turbulent flow conditions in a cross junction with two inlets at 90°, varying flow and chlorine concentration ratios at the inlets, i.e., simulating conditions commonly found in real water distribution systems. Results show that outlet chlorine concentrations primarily depend on the flow ratio at the inlets as well as on the inlet chlorine concentrations. Three-dimensional simulations were conducted to predict chlorine concentrations downstream of the cross junction. To evaluate the degree of downstream mixing, the percent coefficient of variation of tracer concentration (%CV) as a function of the axial position at different chlorine and flow ratios was computed from simulations. It was found that the flow ratio strongly affects it at downstream distances less than 50 pipe diameters, whereas the inlet chlorine concentration ratio has a weak effect. A novel correlation was derived as a function of flow ratio to ascertain the minimal distance for achieving the intended mixing level of %CV = 5 downstream of cross junctions. This correlation holds potential as a criterion for household connection location within water distribution networks for high-quality water delivery.
Plant Adaptation and Tolerance to Heat Stress: Advance Approaches and
Future Aspects
Authors: Pandey Vineeta , Singh Sonia
Published: March 2024

Heat stress impacts plant growth at all phases of development, although the particular
threshold for heat tolerance varies significantly across different developmental stages. During
seed germination, elevated temperatures can either impede or completely halt the process,
contingent upon the plant type and the severity of the stress. During advanced stages, high temperatures
can have a negative impact on photosynthesis, respiration, water balance, and membrane
integrity. Additionally, they can also influence the levels of hormones and primary and
secondary metabolites. In addition, during the growth and development of plants, there is an increased
expression of various heat shock proteins, as well as other proteins related to stress, and
the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These are significant plant responses to heat
stress. Plants employ several strategies to deal with heat stress, such as maintaining the stability
of their cell membranes, removing harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS), producing antioxidants,
accumulating and adjusting compatible solutes, activating mitogen-activated protein kinase
(MAPK) and calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) cascades, and, crucially, signaling
through chaperones and activating transcription. These molecular-level systems boost the
ability of plants to flourish in heat stress. Potential genetic methods to enhance plant heat stress
resistance encompass old and modern molecular breeding techniques and transgenic approaches,
all of which rely on a comprehensive comprehension of these systems. Although several
plants exhibit enhanced heat tolerance through traditional breeding methods, the effectiveness
of genetic transformation techniques has been somewhat restricted. The latter results from the
current constraints in our understanding and access to genes that have known impacts on plant
heat stress tolerance. However, these challenges may be overcome in the future. Besides genetic
methods, crops' heat tolerance can be improved through the pre-treatment of plants with various
environmental challenges or the external application of osmoprotectants such as glycine
betaine and proline. Thermotolerance is achieved through an active process in which plants allocate
significant energy to maintain their structure and function to avoid damage induced by
heat stress. The practice of nanoparticles has been shown to upgrade both the standard and the
quantity of produce when crops are under heat stress. This review provides information on the
effects of heat stress on plants and explores the importance of nanoparticles, transgenics, and
genomic techniques in reducing the negative consequences of heat stress. Furthermore, it explores
how plants might adapt to heat stress by modifying their biochemical, physiological, and
molecular reactions.
Exploring the Potential of Nano Drug Delivery Systems in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment: Recent Developments and Perspectives
Authors: Verma Ravinder , Minocha Neha , Mittal Vineet , Kaushik Deepak
Published: March 2024

Globally, lung cancer ranks among the most frequent forms of tumor. The survival rate for
people suffering from lung tumors after five years is only 20%, despite novel treatment options such
as immunotherapy. Current therapies cause severe off-target effects and acquired drug resistance to
explain the low survival rate. Identifying and developing new therapeutic approaches for lung cancer
patients is crucial to improving the standard of care. As a result of the study, we researched clinical
trials and experiments in fundamental research, and new approaches to drug delivery including adenoviruses,
nanoparticles, and proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs). Several approaches can
now be applied directly to lung cancer to prevent disease progression, including phosphatases, targeting
protein kinases, protein modifications and ubiquitin ligases. In addition, the recent approval of
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) based vaccines based on lipid nanoparticle technology has made it possible
to improve current lung cancer treatments by combining chemo- and immunotherapies. This review
emphasises recent advancements in pharmaceutical research aimed at developing technologies to target
post-translational modifications in lung tumorigenesis. Elucidation of various scientific advances
in conjunction with encouraging findings concerning therapies available, the future perspectives and
challenges of nanocarriers for effective lung cancer are also presented in this article.
Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Patients with Liver Disease in Southeastern Iran
Authors: Oveisipour Atefeh , Hataminejad Maryam , Fouladi Bahman , Azizi Hakim
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Recent research has been concentrated on investigating the
involvement of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in the progression of liver disorders.
This study aims to investigate the prevalence of T. gondii infection in patients with
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as well as the effects of toxoplasmosis infection
on biological biomarkers such as aspirate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase
(ALT), cholesterol (Chol), and triglyceride (Tg) levels in Sistan, southeast Iran.

Methods:

A case-control study was conducted between December 2021 and September
2022. The study included 225 patients diagnosed with NAFLD as the case group
and 225 healthy blood donors as the control group. The controls were selected from
the same region and were matched with the patients based on gender and age. We collected
serum samples from all patients and utilized an enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay to analyze them for the existence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies. A questionnaire
and medical records were utilized to gather data on the patient's demographic
factors.

Results:

The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were 68 (30.2%) in patients
with NAFLD, whereas it was 11 (4.88%) in the control group. The seroprevalence of
T. gondii in NAFLD patients increased in correlation with age (P < 0.001). The prevalence
of NAFLD was significantly greater in the seropositive group compared to the
seronegative group (P < 0.001). In addition, the levels of the metabolic markers Chol
and Tg were significantly higher in T. gondii seropositive NAFLD patients compared
to T. gondii seronegative NAFLD patients.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study indicate a high seroprevalence of T. gondii in
patients with NAFLD. Further studies are warranted to investigate the underlying
mechanisms and potential therapeutic implications of this association.
Peptidomimetics a Versatile Synthon for Biomaterials: Design Principles and Solutions
Authors: Sharma Ankita , Khan Naureen , Shivhare Vaibhav , Ahuja Rishabh , Dutt Konar Anita
Published: March 2024

Bioorganic chemistry, an interdisciplinary scientific branch of chemistry and
biology, has grabbed considerable impetus in the last few decades, owing to its
important insights into the functioning of biological systems at the molecular level.
Primarily it is a discipline of science that involves the study of biological processes
mainly proteins and peptides at transcriptional, translational, or posttranslational levels.
Yet, at the molecular level, our basic knowledge and understanding of the structureactivity relationship (SAR) of peptides/proteins remain in their infancy. Indeed, the
dissection of multidomain proteins into small and simpler fragments, shed light on the
design of scaffolds that seems to mimic the function of natural proteins in an efficient
way, thereby giving rise to the birth of PEPTIDOMIMETICS. At times, the mimetics
of critical functional protein domains, are advantageous over normal proteins/peptides
in terms of specificity and therapeutic benefits. Henceforth the latter are considered to
be expensive models for the investigation of molecular recognition. In this book
chapter, our effort lies in modulating the basics of principles of peptide chemistry,
challenges encountered, and some very efficient examples of how Peptidomimetics
serves as a road map to resolve various stumbling blocks for PROTEOLYSIS and
others.
Oscilações
Authors: Frias Joana Matos
Published: March 2024

Os textos aqui reunidos foram pensados e escritos, nas suas primeiras versões, ao longo de cerca de duas décadas, em momentos e circunstâncias distintos, que poderão ser reconstituídos a partir das informações incluídas no final do volume. Mas isso não significa que a reunião neste livro represente apenas um aglomerado de artigos sem qualquer relação entre si para além da comum autoria. Muito pelo contrário. A razão pela qual são estes os ensaios que compõem esta colectânea, e não os vários outros que de momento ficam de fora, é que a problematização que em cada um deles é levada a cabo – malgrado a diversidade dos autores e das obras lidos e comentados – resulta de um certo tipo de sobressalto insistente e persistente, que por isso mesmo é transversal a todas as reflexões.
Investigating Digital Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Patient-Centered Diabetes Specialist Outpatient Care (DigiDiaS): Protocol for a Multimethod Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Torbjørnsen Astrid , Spildo Ingeborg , Mollestad Maria Aadland , Jensen Annesofie Lunde , Singstad Tone , Weldingh Nina Mickelson , Joranger Pål , Ribu Lis , Holmen Heidi
Published: March 2024

Background

Living with type 1 diabetes is challenging, and to support self-management, repeated consultations in specialist outpatient care are often required. The emergence of new digital solutions has revolutionized how health care services can be patient centered, providing unprecedented opportunities for flexible, high-quality care. However, there is a lack of studies exploring how the use of digital patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for flexible specialist care affects diabetes self-management. To provide new knowledge on the relevance of using PROMs in standard care, we have designed a multimethod prospective study.

Objective

The overall aim of this protocol is to describe our prospective multimethod observational study designed to investigate digital PROMs in a routine specialist outpatient setting for flexible patient-centered diabetes care (DigiDiaS).

Methods

This protocol outlines the design of a multimethod prospective observational cohort study that includes data from electronic health records, self-reported questionnaires, clinical consultation field observations, and individual in-depth interviews with patients and diabetes health care personnel. All patients with type 1 diabetes at a designated outpatient clinic were invited to participate and use the digital PROM implemented in clinical care. Both users and nonusers of the digital PROM were eligible for the prospective study, allowing for a comparison of the two groups. Data were collected at baseline and after 12 months, including self-management as the primary outcome assessed using the Patient Activation Measure, along with the secondary outcomes of digital health literacy, quality of life, health economy, and clinical variables such as glycated hemoglobin.

Results

The digital solution was implemented for routine clinical care in the department in November 2021, and data collection for the prospective study started in October 2022. As of September 6, 2023, 84.6% (186/220) of patients among those in the digital PROM and 15.5% (34/220) of patients among the nonusers have consented to participate. We expect the study to have enough participants by the autumn of 2023. With 1 year of follow-up, the results are expected by spring 2025.

Conclusions

In conclusion, a multimethod prospective observational cohort study can offer valuable insights into the relevance, effectiveness, and acceptability of digital tools using PROMs in diabetes specialist care. Such knowledge is crucial for achieving broad and successful implementation and use of these tools in a large diabetes outpatient clinic.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/52766
Metadata Correction (Preprint)
Authors: Ueda Ryuichiro , Han Feng , Zhang Hongjian , Aoki Tomohiro , Ogasawara Katsuhiko
Published: March 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Correction: [Verification in the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Sentiment Analysis of Japanese Twitter Users]

In “[Verification in the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Sentiment Analysis of Japanese Twitter Users” (JMIR Infodemiology Res 2024;4:e37881), the authors pointed out errors in the author's degree information.

The author's information is presented as follows:
Ryuichiro Ueda, MA; Feng Han, MA; Hongjian Zhang, MD; Tomohiro Aoki, MA;
Katsuhiko Ogasawara, Prof Dr

Has been changed to read as follows:
Ryuichiro Ueda, MHA; Feng Han, MHA; Hongjian Zhang, PhD; Tomohiro Aoki,
MHA; Katsuhiko Ogasawara, MBA, PhD.

The correction will appear in the online version of the paper on the JMIR Publications website on February 28, 2024, together with the publication of this correction notice. Because this was made after submission to PubMed, PubMed Central, and other full-text repositories, the corrected article has also been resubmitted to those repositories.

Ryuichiro Ueda, MA; Feng Han, MA; Hongjian Zhang, MD; Tomohiro Aoki, MA; Katsuhiko Ogasawara, Prof Dr

Corrected:
Ryuichiro Ueda, MHA; Feng Han, MHA; Hongjian Zhang, PhD; Tomohiro Aoki, MHA; Katsuhiko Ogasawara, MBA, PhD.
Designing Child Nutrition Interventions to Engage Fathers: Qualitative Analysis of Interviews and Co-Design Workshops (Preprint)
Authors: So Jeffrey Tsz Hei , Nambiar Smita , Byrne Rebecca , Gallegos Danielle , Baxter Kimberley A
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Fathers play a pivotal role in parenting and child feeding, but they remain underrepresented in intervention studies, especially those focused on disadvantaged populations. A better understanding of fathers’ experiences and needs regarding support access and child nutrition information in the context of disadvantage can inform future interventions engaging fathers.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore fathers’ experiences; perceived enablers; and barriers to accessing support and information related to parenting, child feeding, and nutrition and to co-design principles for tailoring child nutrition interventions to engage fathers.

METHODS

Australian fathers of children aged 6 months to 5 years with lived experience of disadvantage participated in semistructured interviews and co-design workshops, primarily conducted via videoconference. Creative analogies were used to guide the ideation process in the workshops.

RESULTS

A total of 25 interviews and 3 workshops (n=10 participants) were conducted, with data analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis and the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation–Behavior model. The interview data illuminated factors influencing fathers’ initiation in seeking support for parenting, child feeding, and nutrition, including their experiences. It highlighted fathers’ diverse information needs and the importance of an inclusive environment and encouragement. Enablers and barriers in accessing support related to parenting and child nutrition were identified at the individual (eg, personal goals and resource constraints), interpersonal (family support and false beliefs about men’s caregiving role), organizational (inadequate fathering support), and systemic levels (father-inclusive practice and policy). Digital data collection methods enabled Australia-wide participation, overcoming work and capacity barriers. Videoconferencing technology was effectively used to engage fathers creatively. Key principles for engaging fathers were co-designed from the workshop data. Interventions and resources need to be father specific, child centered, and culturally appropriate; promote empowerment and collaboration; and provide actionable and accessible strategies on the what and how of child feeding. Fathers preferred multiformat implementation, which harnesses technology-based design (eg, websites and mobile apps) and gamification. It should be tailored to the child’s age and targeted at fathers using comprehensive promotion strategies.

CONCLUSIONS

Fathers faced barriers to accessing support and information related to parenting and feeding that may not adequately address their needs. Future interventions could integrate the co-designed principles to engage fathers effectively. These findings have implications for health service delivery and policy development, promoting father-inclusive practice.
Early Warning System pada Henti Jantung Berbasis Smartphone
Authors: Purbianto Purbianto , Agustanti Dwi , Nasihin Nasihin
Published: March 2024

Latar Belakang: Kasus henti jantung di Amerika Serikat lebih dari 350.000/tahun dan kurang dari 10% yang bertahan hidup, di United Kingdom lebih dari 30.000/tahun di luar rumah sakit hanya 1 orang selamat dari 10 orang yang terserang. Prognosis henti jantung adalah kematian otak dan kematian permanen yang terjadi dalam 8-10 menit. Kondisi ini dapat dicegah dengan Resusitasi Jantung Paru (RJP) dan defibrilasi yang diberikan antara 5-7 menit dapat memberikan peluang hidup 30% - 45%. Diperlukan metode yang digunakan untuk menyelamatkan dengan segera untuk mencari bantuan dan melakukan cara penanganan.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan prototipe sensor denyut nadi.Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen. Besar sampel 35 responden dengan 4 kali pengulangan. Analisis data dengan uji sensitivitas, spesifitas dan uji beda dua mean dependent.Hasil: Sensitivitas prototipe 98,53% menyatakan frekuensi nadi normal pada orang yang normal. Spesifitas prototipe 50%, bermakna prototipe menyatakan denyut nadi tidak normal pada orang yang tidak normal.Kesimpulan: Prototipe sensor denyut nadi  dapat mengukur frekuensi denyut nadi hampir mendekati sama dengan alat standar yang digunakan.
A Study on the Cross-cultural Academic Adaptation of Southeast Asian Students Pursuing a Master’s Degree in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language in China
Authors: Lin Shuxin
Published: March 2024

Amid accelerating globalization, the issue of cross-cultural academic adaptation among Southeast Asian students pursuing a master’s degree in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language in China has intensified. However, current research has insufficiently considered diverse factors affecting academic adaptation. This study employed questionnaires and interviews to analyze the academic adaptation of 83 Southeast Asian students in China, using SPSS24.0 and the Random Forest algorithm to examine six dimensions: study motivation, study attitudes, academic competence, academic self-efficacy, study mode, and academic environment. Results reveal their strong study motivation, particular value on degree and academic achievements, and generally positive study attitudes. Despite their confidence and capabilities in comprehending course content and conducting academic research, there remains room for improvement in independent assignment completion and participation in academic exchanges. Most students rate their academic self-efficacy positively. Though generally satisfied with the teaching approaches and materials, some struggle with the course and examination adaption. Feedback on the academic environment and institutional resources is generally positive. The feature importance analysis highlights study motivation, academic environment, and study attitude as pivotal in Chinese language acquisition. This study offers insights for schools and teachers to enhance international students’ cross-cultural academic adaptability and improve teaching and educational management.
Editorial
Authors: Patrón Guillermo Celia Vanessa
Published: March 2024

La Revista Mexicana de Bachillerato a Distancia (RMBD) es una publicación electrónica de corte académico y arbitrada. Tiene como propósito divulgar resultados de investigación, teoría y mejores prácticas en bachillerato a distancia. Representa el esfuerzo de las universidades públicas mexicanas que ofrecen Bachillerato a Distancia, agrupadas en la Red de Bachilleratos Universitarios Públicos a Distancia (RED), para proveer un foro que permita compartir resultados de investigación en estos programas y experiencias académicas, tecnológicas y de gestión.
Integrando la inteligencia artificial en el contexto del bachillerato virtual de la Universidad Virtual del Estado de Guanajuato
Authors: Sánchez Valtierra Jesús Alberto
Published: March 2024

Actualmente, la inteligencia artificial (IA) es una herramienta fundamental en el ámbito de la educación, especialmente en la retroalimentación de los trabajos de los estudiantes. En este ensayo, se expondrá cómo se ha utilizado la IA para retroalimentar los trabajos y tareas de los estudiantes del bachillerato virtual de la Universidad Virtual del Estado de Guanajuato (UVEG), destacando su importancia en la mejora de la redacción y las referencias bibliográficas, y cómo esta herramienta ayuda a reducir el tiempo de gestión en la revisión de tareas y trabajos.
Reseña del XIV Coloquio Nacional de Educación Media Superior a Distancia
Authors: Ramírez Torres Fátima
Published: March 2024

El decimocuarto Coloquio Nacional de Educación Media Superior a Distancia organizado por la RED de Bachilleratos Universitarios Públicos a Distancia del Espacio Común de Educación Superior a Distancia (ECOESAD) tuvo lugar del 6 al 13 de octubre de 2023, con sede en la Universidad Virtual del Estado de Guanajuato (UVEG) y con un formato virtual como se ha realizado en los últimos años. Su eje rector correspondió a Los avances, retos y posibilidades de la inteligencia artificial generativa en la educación media superior a distancia. Sus líneas temáticas fueron Implementación de la inteligencia artificial (IA) generativa en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje; Creación de experiencias significativas para el alumnado; así como Desafíos y oportunidades de la IA en el proceso de aprendizaje e Incorporación de la IA y otras tecnologías en los procesos de programación, gestión, administrativos y académicos.
Apoyo al estudiante en el aprendizaje en línea. Necesitamos hablar sobre el dinero
Authors: Simpson Ormond
Published: March 2024

La educación superior en línea ha sido un éxito en parte porque es menos costosa para los estudiantes y los gobiernos que la educación convencional, por lo que tanto los estudiantes como los gobiernos reciben mayores retornos de su inversión que en la educación superior convencional. Sin embargo, muchas instituciones en línea parecen tener tasas de graduación considerablemente más bajas que la educación convencional: el llamado déficit de educación en línea que reduce su ventaja. Este déficit se puede reducir a través de instituciones de educación en línea que inviertan dinero tanto en sus estrategias de diseño de cursos como en el apoyo a sus estudiantes. incluyendo la enseñanza. Este artículo se centra en el apoyo a los estudiantes y sugiere que si el apoyo aumenta la retención de estudiantes, las instituciones recibirán un retorno financiero a través de mayores ingresos. Argumenta: si se puede lograr que ese aumento de la renta sea mayor que la inversión original, las instituciones obtendrán un rendimiento positivo de la inversión, es decir, un superávit. Ese superávit puede luego reinvertirse en más apoyo a los estudiantes y potencialmente aumentar aún más el éxito de los estudiantes. Luego, el artículo determina cuáles podrían ser esos retornos de la inversión en varios escenarios dependiendo de acuerdos de financiación institucional. Estas determinaciones producen una serie de fórmulas en las que Las cifras financieras reales se pueden sustituir para calcular esos rendimientos.
La Hemeroteca Nacional Digital de México: perspectivas de la preservación digital para el patrimonio documental
Authors: Castro Thompson Alberto , Olivares Lisandro Pablo
Published: March 2024

La preservación digital es imprescindible en cualquier institución que valore sus recursos digitales. Desafortunadamente, aún existen múltiples repositorios, bibliotecas digitales y sistemas de información que, por distintas circunstancias, prescinden de una estrategia de preservación digital que contrarreste los efectos de la obsolescencia tecnológica, lo que supone un riesgo potencial para sus colecciones digitales.

Un elemento fundamental de la preservación es el proceso de creación de objetos digitales, pues en él se definen características relevantes de los archivos que pueden facilitar su administración a través del tiempo. En el caso de la digitalización, contempla la incorporación de procesos de selección de materiales y formatos de acuerdo con estándares y buenas prácticas, la inclusión de información de contexto suficiente, y la generación de contenidos confiables, auténticos y accesibles a largo plazo.

En el presente documento se describe el trabajo realizado por los departamentos de Preservación y Reprografía, Catalogación y Servicios de Información, de la Hemeroteca Nacional de México, y por el Departamento de Informática, adscrito a la Coordinación de Innovación y Estrategia Digital del Instituto de Investigaciones Bibliográficas de la UNAM, para la implementación de procesos de preservación digital en sus proyectos de digitalización y distribución de contenidos digitales, a través de la plataforma web Hemeroteca Nacional Digital de México.
Preservación y acceso a objetos digitales fuera de línea: experiencias en la Filmoteca de la UNAM
Authors: León Lastra Gerardo , Lucio José Gustavo , Comi Xolot Manuel , Maciel Mercado Luis Felipe
Published: March 2024

Se comparte la estrategia seguida en la Filmoteca de la UNAM para la preservación y acceso a largo plazo de ejemplares digitales de obras cinematográficas. La estrategia se diseñó durante la planeación de la integración del Laboratorio Cinematográfico de Restauración Digital (LCRD) de la Filmoteca. El plan incluyó el diseño y desarrollo del sistema de Control Logístico del Acervo Fílmico (CLAF) para la gestión de activos digitales (MAM por sus siglas en inglés) en un almacenamiento en dos niveles - “en línea” y “fuera de línea” - que identifica y relaciona los ejemplares cinematográficos con sus contenedores, y estos con su ubicación espacial. Este diseño facilitará adaptar CLAF y sus procedimientos a un almacenamiento jerárquico para automatizar múltiples procesos de preservación y acceso.

La preservación del acervo digital de la Filmoteca peligra a corto plazo, dado que su dimensión ya alcanzada ha tornado imposible la ejecución manual, frecuente y periódica de la suma de comprobación de su fijeza. Para eliminar esta amenaza, se describe con detalle la metodología que facilitará la automatización de la comprobación periódica de la fijeza mediante la indispensable integración al LCRD de una librería de cintas.
La supervisión del cumplimiento de casos por el sistema interamericano y su contraste con el sistema europeo
Authors: González Morales Felipe
Published: March 2024

El sistema interamericano de derechos humanos presenta insuficiencias de importancia en el grado de cumplimiento de las decisiones en materia de casos de sus órganos por parte de los Estados. Hasta la fecha, la supervisión ha sido realizada por la Comisión y la Corte Interamericanas, sin participación relevante de los órganos políticos de la Organización de Estados Americanos. En el sistema europeo de derechos humanos, por su parte, durante décadas la supervisión se llevó a cabo de manera exclusiva por un mecanismo político (el Comité de Ministros), y sólo recientemente el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos ha comenzado a desempeñar un rol al respecto. Luego de contrastar la experiencia interamericana con la europea, el trabajo propone establecer un sistema de supervisión dual (judicial y político) en el marco interamericano, de manera de fortalecer el cumplimiento de casos por los Estados.
CNN-Based Ocular Disease Identification in Retinal Images
Authors: Deshmukh Mrunmayee , Patel Srushti , Tupsamudre Nitin
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Approximately 15 million people across India suffer from blindness, and unfortunately, 75% of these instances were treatable at one point in time. There are 10,000 patients for every doctor in India. Vision can be affected by a variety of eye diseases, such as cataracts, corneal ulcers, and trachoma, among others. Research indicates that untreated early-stage diseases are the primary causes of blindness in India. Only by receiving a proper diagnosis early on in the progression of these eye conditions can they be prevented. There are many different symptoms that can be seen with these eye conditions. Analyzing a wide variety of symptoms is necessary in order to make an appropriate diagnosis of eye conditions. With the use of deep learning techniques like convolution neural networks and digital image processing techniques like segmentation and morphology, we offer a novel approach to automatically identify eye diseases based on visually perceptible symptoms. The suggested approach is used to analyze and classify seven eye conditions: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, cataract, and age-related macular degeneration(AMD) are the most common ocular illnesses. Early detection of eye problems is facilitated by the proposed deep neural network model. In case that screening is necessary, the model advises people to contact an ophthalmologist.
Mechanical metamaterials: properties and classification
Authors: Schurger Barbara , Frankovsky Peter , Janigova Sara , Bocko Jozef , Kolodziej Andrzej
Published: March 2024

The work presents and describes distinctive properties and classification of most-known metamaterial. The principle of physical preconditions has been described together with their mechanical behaviour in the implementation of vision applications in the additive manufacturing industry. In addition, this paper presents an overview of the recent developments in the area of mechanical metamaterials.
Intacta retina: reflexões cinematográficas
Authors: Dias João Carlos Neves de Souza Nunes
Published: March 2024

Nesse terceiro volume do livro do projeto de extensão Cineclube Intacta Retina/ Universidade Federal de Alagoas as autoras e autores partilham suas experiências de pensamento no encontro com uma diversidade de produções fílmicas, seja a partir de temas, personagens, diálogos, e problemáticas que aguçam a percepção entre o que é projetado na tela e no invisível da imagem, entre o dito e o não dito. Um exercício do pensamento que movimenta a dobra entre a linguagem da imagem e a expressão do pensamento, entre o visível e o invisível. Em Aftersun, Cristina Amaro e Sandro Sayão refletem sobre a alteridade nos caminhos de uma leitura levinasiana. A partir do filme Dançando no escuro, Marcus José Souza sistematiza uma reflexão nietzschiana a partir do conceito de trágico. O filme Blade Runner 2049 é abordado por Juliele Sievers na perspectiva do feminismo, problematizando sentidos políticos em torno da geração e do nascimento. Considerando a ontologia do acontecimento em Deleuze, Fernando Monegalha evidencia implicações éticas em Blade Runner – o caçador de andróides. Taynam Bueno reflete, a partir da cosmologia epicurista, sobre as consequências éticas da existência lógica de múltiplos mundos no filme Tudo em Todo lugar ao Mesmo Tempo. Em Pink Floyd – The Wall, Gabiel Silva, Luana Sousa e Rodrigo Gewehr aprofundam a reflexão sobre a violência no diálogo com a teoria junguiana. São seis capítulo que constituem a unidade do livro, tecido na nervura entre os filmes e a experiência de pensamento, entre a arte e a vida.
“Ó César!”: poder, ficcionalidade e narrativa na pós-antiguidade
Authors: Cardoso Igor B.
Published: March 2024

“Ó César!” aborda a produção dos romances gregos escritos no contexto do Império Romano e, cotejando-os com outras obras, analisa a especificidade da consciência histórica das populações helênicas nos primeiros séculos de nossa era. Tem no humor um instrumento de reelaboração da arena política em tempo de transformação das instituições tradicionais. Trata-se de pensar a nova temporalidade a partir da ambivalência da representação ficcional.