bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan antara Diabetes Melitus dengan Sindrom Mata Kering pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Makassar
Authors: Amin Ni’ma Haifa , Syawal Sitti Rukiyah , Ratih Natasha Maharani  , Prema Hapsari Hidayati  , Kusumardhani Sri Irmandha
Published: March 2024

Diabetes melitus merupakan suatu kelompok penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia yang menyebabkan berbagai komplikasi diberbagai organ tubuh terutama mata, salah satu kelainan mata yang disebabkan oleh Diabetes Melitus ialah sindrom mata kering. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan diabetes melitus dengan sindrom mata kering yang dinilai berdasarkan kadar HbA1c, lama menderita diabetes melitus yang dihubungkan dengan derajat sindrom mata kering. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan desain cross sectional yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Makassar. Analisis selanjutnya menggunakan uji chi-square diperoleh nilai, yakni (p-value = 0,000) terdapat pengaruh yang bermakna antara kadar HbA1c dengan sindrom mata kering. Sedangkan, diperoleh nilai (p-value 0,2) tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara lama menderita dengan derajat sindrom mata kering. Bahwa ada hubungan antara kadar HbA1c dengan derajat sindrom mata kering, sedangkan pada lama menderita Diabetes Melitus tidak memiliki hubungan dengan derajat sindrom mata kering.
Efek Pemberian Buah Alpukat (Persea Americanamill) terhadap Penurunan Kadar Lipid dalam Darah Tikus Putih Jantan Obes (Rattus Norvegicus)
Authors: Nuryanti Utami Eka Putri  , Dwi Anggita  , Abdi Dian Amelia , Nesyana Nurmadilla  , Syamsu Rachmat Faisal
Published: March 2024

Profil lipid dapat memicu terjadinya hipertensi melalui berbagai mekanisme, baik secara langsung atau tidak langsung. Seiring bertambahnya usia, dengan pola makan yang tidak sehat dan tinggi kolesterol secara terus menerus seperti pada lemak hewani dan kuning telur, akan menyebabkan kadar LDL melebihi batas normal di dalam darah. Peningkatan kadar LDL sebagai penanda hiperlipidemia ini merupakan indikator terbaik untuk risiko terjadinya aterosklerosis. Semakin tinggi kadar LDL maka akan semakin tinggi risiko terjadinya aterosklerosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efek pemberian buah alpukat terhadap penurunan kadar lipid dalam darah pada tikus putih obesitas (Rattus norvegicus). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian true experimental pre and post control dengan menggunakan tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) untuk mengetahui efek pemberian buah alpukat (Persea americana Mill) terhadap penurunan kadar lipid dalam darah tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) setelah diberi diet tinggi lemak. Dari penelitian didapatkan nilai P-value P 0.597>α=0.05. Antara kelompok simvastatin dan kelompok alpukat tidak berbeda secara signifikan dengan nilai P 0.597>α=0.05. Hal ini berarti pengaruh antara pemberian Buah Alpukat (Persea americana Mill) dan simvastatin memiliki efek yang sama terhadap perubahan kadar kolesterol total pada tikus yang mengalami obesitas. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pemberian buah alpukat efektif menurunkan kadar lipid dalam darah pada tikus putih obesitas.
Perbandingan Status Gizi terhadap Bayi 6-12 Bulan Mengkonsumsi Asi Eksklusif dengan Konsumsi Susu Formula
Authors: Azzubaidi Jihan Adjdjibiyan S. , Asrini Safitri  , Karsa Nevi Sulvita , Laddo Nirwana , Makmun Armanto
Published: March 2024

Status gizi adalah keadaan yang diakibatkan oleh keseimbangan antara asupan zat gizi dari makanan dengan kebutuhan zat gizi yang diperlukan untuk metabolisme tubuh. Bayi yang tidak mendapatkan ASI Eksklusif memiliki resiko kematian yang jauh lebih besar akibat diare dan pneumonia, sehingga pemberian ASI eksklusif sangat penting karena ASI merupakan sumber energi dan nutrisi terpenting untuk anak pada usia 0-6 bulan dan tetap dilanjutkan hingga 24 bulan dengan makanan pendamping. Kebanyakan susu formula bayi terbuat dari susu sapi yang telah diolah agar cocok untuk bayi dan harus memenuhi Formula Bayi dan Peraturan Formula Lanjutan. Melihat perbandingan status gizi bayi yang mengkonsumsi ASI Eksklusif dan susu formula usia 6-12 bulan. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan Literature Review dengan desain Narative Review yaitu mencari artikel yang berhubungan dengan perbandingan status gizi terhadap bayi usia 6-12 bulan yang mengkonsumsi ASI Eksklusif dengan susu formula kemudian membuat kesimpulan dari artikel yang dianalisis. Berdasarkan telaah dari 6 jurnal didapatkan bahwa ada perbedaan status gizi bayi yang signifikan berdasarkan berat badan bayi yang mengkosumsi ASI Eksklusfi dan susu formula. Pemberian ASI Eksklusif dan pemberian susu formula sangat berpengaruh terhadap perbedaan status gizi bayi berdasarkan (BB/U)
Karakteristik Penderita Penyakit Diabetes Melitus di RSUD Kolonodale Kabupaten Morowali Utara
Authors: Vivi Cahyana  , Amir Suliati P , Sri Irmandha  , Irna Diyana Kartika  , Hamzah Pratiwi N
Published: March 2024

Diabetes Melitus merupakan suatu kelompok penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena kelainan sekresi insulin, kerja insulin atau keduanya. Penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita Diabetes Melitus tahun 2020 dengan menggunakan data sekunder sebagai data penelitian. Hasil penelitian didapatkan frekuensi karakteristik umur pada penderita penyakit Diabetes Melitus yang terbanyak pada umur Dewasa Madya yaitu 151 penderita. Jenis Kelamin terbanyak adalah perempuan yaitu 171 penderita. Pekerjaan, sebagian besar yaitu IRT/Tidak Bekerja sebanyak 114 penderita. Tingkat pendidikan terakhir terbanyak adalah tamat SMA. Gejala klinis tertinggi dengan empat gejala sebanyak 200 penderita. Lama Menderita, proporsi tertinggi adalah lebih dari lima tahun. Gula Darah Puasa didapatkan sebanyak 274 penderita dengan kadar yang tidak terkontrol lebih dari 130 mg/dl. Keteraturan kontrol menunjukkan sebagian besar penderita rutin melakukan kontrol di RS. Terapi Farmakologi didapatkan bahwa sebagian besar pengobatan yang dilakukan oleh penderita yaitu injeksi insulin. Komplikasi menunjukkan angka tertinggi pada penderita dengan penyakit hipertensi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa, penderita penyakit Diabetes Melitus yang terbanyak pada umur Dewasa Madya (41-60 tahun), Jenis Kelamin terbanyak yaitu Perempuan. Pekerjaan sebagian besar yaitu IRT/Tidak Bekerja. Tingkat pendidikan terbanyak adalah SMA. Gejala Klinis terbanyak adalah empat gejala. Lama menderita terbanyak adalah lebih dari lima tahun. GDP didapatkan sebagian besar tidak terkontrol. Keteraturan kontrol terbanyak didapatkan penderita teratur melakukan kontrol. Terapi Farmakologi menggunakan injeksi insulin. Komplikasi terbanyak yaitu hipertensi.
Hubungan Lama dan Posisi Duduk dengan Kejadian Low Back Pain (LBP) pada Mahasiswa di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia Angkatan 2019
Authors: Amin Nurul Annisa , Muchsin Achmad Harun , Khalid Nur Fadhillah , Sam Andi Dhedie Prasatia , Rahmawati
Published: March 2024

Low back pain (LBP) is pain that is felt in the lower back due to various reasons. The sitting position is a good position in carrying out activities such as studying, especially when attending lectures. Medical students are very synonymous with lecture activities in a sitting position for a long time. To determine the relationship between sitting position and sitting duration with the incidence of low back pain in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Indonesian Muslim University class of 2019. This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach using a total sampling method of 154 subjects. Based on the results of the analysis of the relationship between sitting position and the incidence of low back pain, it can be seen that the p value = 0.004 obtained the results of 95 people (61.7%) who experienced a reclining sitting position and based on the results of the analysis of long sitting with the incidence of low back pain, it can be seen that the value p value = 0.040 results obtained as many as 91 subjects (59.1%) who sat for > 4 hours. There is a relationship between length of time and sitting position with the incidence of low back pain in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Indonesian Muslim University Class of 2019
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Usia Reproduksi Terhadap Pemilihan Jenis Alat Kontrasepsi
Authors: Agil Ahmad , Masita Fujiko  , Sri Wahyuni Gayatri  , Anna Sari Dewi  , Ida Royani
Published: March 2024

Sebab minimnya kesuksesan program KB atau keluarga berencana mencakup wawasan perempuan umur subur serta faktor wawasan yang lain. Guna membagikan keyakinan jika wawasan menyusut sehingga ketaatan sebagai program KB menyusut pula, sehingga peneliti hendak membahas taraf pengetahuan usia subur sebab melalui teori Lawerence Gren dkk menyimpulkan jika sikap serta individu didampaki pada dua sifat, ialah perilaku (behaviour) serta diluar perilaku (nonbehaviour) lalu perilaku tersebut ditetapkan serta dibuat melalui tiga cakupan, meliputi faktor prediksi posisi (predisposing factor) yang mana berupa pengetahuan. Mengetahui Hubungan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi dengan kaita taraf pengetahuan ibu usia reproduksi terhadap pemeliham jenis alat kontrasepsi di BTN Tirassa, Sudiang Makassar pengkajian ini ialah pengkajian kuantitatif memakai deasin pengkajian analitik pada rangkaian cross sectional. Distirbusi data berdasarkan Irama didapatkan pada penelitian yang memiliki sinus Bradikardi sebanyak.3 (9,7%) Sinus dari 60 sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini diperoleh hasil 37 responden (61,7%) memiliki pengetahuan yang baik. Dari 60 responden 27 responden (45%) memilih pil KB 17 responden (28,3%) memilih kondom, dan 16 responden (26,7%) memilih implant/susuk KB. Hasil iji bivariat didaptkan perolehan jika terdapatnya kaitan tingkat pengetahuan terhadap pemilihan jenis alat kontrasepsi. Adanya kaitan yang signifikan pada pengetahuan mengenai alat kontrasepsi dengan pemilihan alat kontrasepsi
Karakteristik Pasien Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Makassar
Authors: Kurniyanti Novia , Rahmawati  , Yusuf Kidingallo  , Wiriansya Edward Pandu , Raden Selma
Published: March 2024

Penyakit Paru Obstruktif kronik, biasanya disebut sebagai Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), adalah sekelompok penyakit paru-paru progresif, paling umum adalah emfisema dan bronkitis kronis. Kedua kondisi tersebut menyebabkan terhambatnya aliran udara masuk sistem pernapasan dan mengakibatkan masalah pernapasan. Softwaredentifikasi karakteristik pasien Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Makassar berdasarkan gejala klinis dan gambaran radiologi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder melalui rekam medis pasien terdiagnosis PPOK di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Makassar. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode total sampling, selanjutnya diolah dalam software pengolah data. softwareHasil penelitian dari 83 sampel didapatkan seluruh sampel mengalami keluhan batuk kronik, 82 sampel mengalami gejala sesak napas (98,7%), 44 sampel didapatkan software (53,01%). Gambaran radiologi pada sampel sebagian besar didapatkan hasil thoraks normal, yaitu sebanyak 50,6% dan 8 sampel didapatkan gambaran thoraks emfisema (9,6%). Semua pasien PPOK mengalami gejala klinis batuk kronik dan gambaran radiologi tertinggi pada pasien PPOK yaitu gambaran thoraks yang normal, sebanyak 50,6%.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Metode Daring Pada Kegiatan Praktikum Di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia
Authors: Julian Muhammad Yasin  , Syamsu Rijal  , Edward Pandu Wiriansya  , Sri Julyani  , Shofiyah Latief
Published: March 2024

Effectiveness generally shows the extent to which learning targets have been achieved. Effectiveness is a scale that shows the range of targets (quality, quantity and period) that have been achieved, and the greater the percentage of targets achieved, the greater the effectiveness. The change in learning methods due to the Covid-19 pandemic, was originally the face-to-face method changed to an online method which had more impact on the learning stage of students, especially medical students. For the Faculty of Medicine's curriculum which claims not only lectures, but along with practicum and clinical expertise that needs hands-on, so the change in method will definitely have an impact on student learning motivation. This research is useful for observing the effectiveness of online learning methods in practicum activities at the Faculty of Medicine, Indonesian Muslim University. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study design. From the research findings on the online laboratory practicum variable, 179 respondents (67.5%) had good practicum results, and 34 respondents (12.8%) had very good criteria. On the variable effectiveness of online practicum, the practicum results obtained with effective criteria were 86 respondents (32.5%), and very effective criteria were 66 respondents (24.9%). In the online practicum exam score variable, which has a passing threshold value, namely 61 people (23.0%) B grades, 40 B+ grades (15.1%), 26 A- grades (9.8%) and 4 A grades (1.5%). The conclusion in this study is that there is significant effectiveness in online learning methods in practicum activities at the Faculty of Medicine, Muslim University of Indonesia for students and in terms of the results of student practicum exams, evidenced by p values of 0.009 and 0.007 (p <0.05).
Analisis Karakteristik dan Pola Pemberian MPASI Anak Usia 6-24 Bulan di Puskesmas Soroako
Authors: Apriliani Aulia Putri , Arifuddin Djauhariah , Nesyana Nurmadilla  , Fadli Ananda  , Haidir Bima Irmayanti
Published: March 2024

Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu (MPASI) adalah makanan padat, semi padat dan makanan lunak (disiapkan secara lokal ataupun diproduksi secara komersial) yang diberikan kepada anak-anak usia 6-23 bulan untuk melengkapi ASI. Untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan pola pemberian MPASI pada anak usia 6-24 bulan. Metode penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 59 persen anak diberikan MPASI lokal, 3 persen MPASI pabrikan dan 38 persen MPASI gabungan. Pada usia pemberian MPASI sebanyak 86 persen tepat. Pemberian tekstur MPASI usia 6-8 bulan 95 persen tepat, usia 9-11 bulan 60 persen tepat, dan usia 12-23 bulan 90 persen tepat. Pemberian porsi MPASI usia 6-8 bulan semua ibu memberikan MPASI secara tepat, usia 9-11 bulan 97 persen tepat, dan usia 12-23 bulan 46 persen tepat. Pemberian frekuensi MPASI usia 6-8 bulan 99 persen tepat, usia 9-11 bulan 98 persen tepat, dan usia 12-23 bulan 97 persen tepat. Pemberian frekuensi makan selingan usia 6-23 bulan 73 persen tepat. Pemberian MPASI secara aman dan higienis 99 persen diberikan secara aman dan higienis. Pola pemberian MPASI pada wilayah kerja Puskesmas Soroako secara keseluruhan diberikan sesuai anjuran, namun pemberian tekstur MPASI usia 9-11 bulan dan porsi MPASI usia 12-23 bulan banyak yang tidak tepat.
Conceptual Metaphors in The Little Mermaid: Cognitive Semantic Analysis
Authors: Awwali Jasmine Nadira , Tajudin Nur
Published: March 2024

This study describes the embodiment of conceptual metaphors and image schemes according to Cruse and Croft (2004) in the fairy tale The Little Mermaid by Hans Christian Andersen. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative as a methodological approach and a cognitive semantic approach as a theoretical approach. The use of figurative language is widely used in writing to add to the impression, emphasis, and beautify an expression outlined by the author, one of which is in a fairy tale. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, there are 14 pieces of metaphor conceptualization data found which are included in the type; (1) anthropomorphic, namely metaphors that refer to inanimate objects carried out by diverting or moving from the human body or its parts, from the meaning or values and desires possessed by humans, (2) sineaesthetic metaphors, namely metaphors based on transfer from one sense to another, (3) concrete to abstract metaphors, namely metaphors that describe concrete experiences to abstract things, and (4) animal metaphors, namely metaphors that use animals or animal body parts or something related to animals to imagery of something else and three types of image schemas namely existence schemas (existence ), which consists of Removal, Bounded Space, Cycle, Object, Process , the scheme of power ( force ) consisting of Balance, Counterforce, Compulsion, Restraint, Enablement, Blockage, Diversion, Attraction , schemes and unity ( Unity / Multiplicity) comprising from Merging, Collection, Splitting, Iteration, Part-Whole, Mass-Count, Link.
Type I interferons: leukemia's old foe in the limelight again
Authors: Kumar Anil , Swaminathan Srividya
Published: March 2024

Not available.
Opettajien, oppilaiden ja huoltajien näkemyksiä peruskoulun ja lukion etäopetuksesta kevään 2020 poikkeusolojen aikana
Authors: Kärki Tomi , Keinänen Heli , Aerila Juli-Anna , Orell Miina , Kemppinen Lauri , Koski Pasi
Published: March 2024

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan peruskoulun ja lukion oppilaiden (n=969), opettajien (n=645) ja huoltajien (n=1382) näkemyksiä kevään 2020 koronapandemian aikaisesta poikkeusolojen koulunkäynnistä, joka toteutui hätäetäopetuksena. Tavoitteena on selvittää, miten koulunkäynti, etäopetus ja oppiminen sujuivat eri vastaajaryhmien mukaan ja mitkä tekijät olivat yhteydessä oppilaiden kokemuksiin oppimisen heikkenemisestä poikkeusolojen aikana. Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin sähköisillä kyselyillä kevään 2020 etäopetusjakson päätyttyä. Analyysissä vertailtiin vastaajaryhmien ja kouluasteiden välisiä eroja yksisuuntaisella varianssianalyysillä ja tarkasteltiin oppimisen heikkenemisen kokemusta selittäviä tekijöitä regressioanalyysillä. Vastaajien enemmistö koki koulunkäynnin, opetuksen ja oppimisen heikenneen jonkin verran etäopetukseen siirryttäessä. Opettajien aineistossa korostui työmäärän kasvu ja ajankäytön haasteet. Etäopetuksessa oppilaat keskittyivät opetukseen huonommin ja kokivat opetuksen laadun sekä oppimisensa heikentyneen. Lukiolaiset suhtautuivat poikkeusolojen kouluun peruskoulun oppilaita kielteisemmin. Huoltajien näkemykset olivat jonkin verran oppilaiden näkemyksiä myönteisempiä. Oppilaiden kokemuksiin oppimisen heikkenemisestä etäopetuksessa olivat selvimmin yhteydessä opetuksen laadun huononeminen, kouluaste, kielteinen kokemus etäopetuksesta, vähentyneet onnistumisen tunteet koulunkäynnissä sekä se, ettei oppilas kokenut oppimisen iloa. Etäopetuksen käytänteitä ja laatua kehittämällä tulisi pyrkiä keventämään opettajien ja oppilaiden työmäärää sekä tavoitella myönteistä suhtautumista koulunkäyntiin ja oppimisen iloa, jotta oppilaat eivät kokisi oppimisen heikkenevän etäopetuksen aikana. Etenkin lukiolaisten opiskelua ja jaksamista etäopetuksessa tulisi seurata aktiivisesti ja tarvittaessa tarjota tukea opiskeluun.
Bibliometric Study of Analytical Thinking Skills in Physical Education from Scopus Database
Authors: Wasak Magdalena Rambu P.
Published: March 2024

This research reports the publication trend of analytical thinking skills (ATS) in physical education (PE) from the Scopus database for 1983-2023 (the last 40 years). On October 4, 2023, the data was inspected using the title, abstract, and keyword "Analytical and Thinking and Skills and Physical and Education," which succeeded in finding 30 published documents, and 1 article was eliminated because it was duplicated. The 29 bibliographies represent four types of documents, namely articles (55%), conference papers (35%), book chapters (7%), and reviews (3%). In the last 40 years, only in 2023 were up to 6 documents successfully published, whereas in other years <3 Documents were published. The highest citations were in 2012, with 90 citations (for two documents), while the articles with the highest citations were 42. There was no dominant author or affiliate in ATS publications because neither author nor affiliate succeeded in contributing >1 article. The results of the VOSviewer analysis prove that network, overlay, and density do not have a high item load, so they do not give rise to large-term patterns in the visualization. Finally, research on ATS in PE is, in fact, still very limited, thus providing potential opportunities for future researchers to develop ATS research themes in various aspects to support the implementation of quality PE to support students surviving in the 21st century.
Hemorrhagic stroke: clinical manifestations, outcomes and factors modifying the course of the disease
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Avramenko S. P. , Bochkareva M.A. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Zakharycheva T.A. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Shirokova A.S. ,   Viveya Consultative and Diagnostic Center of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Kamishanskaya O. I. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russia,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Kosmacheva A.M. ,   Far Eastern State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Khabarovsk, Russia
Published: March 2024

The article presents the causes, features of the clinical course and outcome of hemorrhagic strokes in 254 patients aged 40 to 92 years. Hemorrhagic strokes were often found in elderly and senile men (in the range from 60 to 89 years), with bad habits suffering from arterial hypertension in combination with obesity and diabetes, in the absence of adherence to the treatment of background pathology and the prevention of possible complications. A hemorrhagic stroke prevailed by the type of small hemata intracerebral hematomas. Risk factors for hemorrhagic strokes are clarified – arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes, complications of which are strokes. The importance of the prevention of background diseases in patients frthom risk groups is confirmed. The total mortality in hemorrhagic stroke reached 49.61 %. In persons who received conservative treatment, mortality remained extremely high (88.32 %); It was caused by a special severity of patients and an unfavorable combination of risk factors. The lethal outcome were 1.86 times more in male patients than in female patients. Moreover, in cases of small and medium hematomas, death was often observed in male patients. The survival of patients with large intracerebral hematomas was minimal (1.89 %), wiout reliable gender differences. The clinical case of successful surgical treatment of a large intracerebral hematoma is given in the article.
Finding the hidden patterns
Authors:   , de Kanter Jurrian Kornelis
Published: March 2024

Currently, over 80% of children with cancer survive due to effective treatments. However, these treatments can also damage the patient’s healthy cells, leading to side effects. Some of the side effects only develop months to years after the end of treatment. These are known as late effects and include cardiovascular diseases, kidney disease, and second cancers. Reducing the number and severity of late effects of cancer treatment is attempted via two approaches.

First, the total dose of the most toxic drugs in a treatment regimen might be reduced. To that end, the most toxic drugs first need to be identified. This thesis describes molecular research that investigates which (chemotherapeutic) drugs cause the most DNA damage in healthy cells, and which lead to the development of second cancers. These drugs might be potential candidates for dose reduction. As toxic effects on normal tissues, but especially blood, can be dose limiting, healthy blood cells, and second cancers of the blood were investigated. We found that a specific group of drugs, called topoisomerase inhibitors, induced most of the genetic alterations that were driving the development of the second cancers. Two other groups, thiopurines and platinum compounds, induced the most DNA damage in healthy cells, which also resulted in mutations that drove second cancer development. In addition, platinum compounds prevented rapid expansion of most second cancers. These could only fully develop after the administration of platinum compounds had ended. Only second cancers with a genetic alteration in the TP53 gene could grow out under platinum compound treatment. Second cancers therefore developed earlier in these patients. This might influence the need and timing for screening of these patients. Surprisingly, not only chemotherapeutic drugs, but also an antiviral agent, ganciclovir, proved to be highly mutagenic and in some patients had likely contributed to cancer development. This drug is administered to transplantation recipients that develop a viral reactivation after transplantation. Ganciclovir belongs to the group of nucleoside analog drugs. The DNA damage caused by other drugs in this group was studied, but none caused DNA damage to the same extend as ganciclovir.

The second strategy to minimize late effects involves developing therapies that kill the cancer cells more specifically than conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and that thereby reduce the damage to healthy cells. In this thesis, potential therapy targets in childhood Hodgkin lymphoma were investigated. Molecular processes were identified that were consistently active in the cancer and immune cells of this cancer type but not in healthy reference cells. These could therefore be potential targets for developing targeted therapies.

The results of the research in this thesis contribute to our understanding of how late effects develop and which drugs are involved in this process. In addition, it will contribute to more efficient development of future clinical research into the reduction of late effects.
Teaching, Veering, Unlearning
Authors: Dunne Éamonn
Published: March 2024

How does teaching veer? In what ways can we tell if a literature lesson veers constructively or otherwise? How do we determine its limits and the correlations between success or failure in our teaching when — individually or collectively — we veer in a novel, a short story or a poem? If veering, as Nicholas Royle argues, can offer us a more dynamic critical vocabulary for reading literary works by developing singular responses to risk, failure, uncertainty and difficulty, then surely it can also be a profitable way to determine the peripheries of pedagogical practice, what we can and cannot expect from the experience of education. Using the example of the short story ‘Powder’ by Tobias Wolff, and the responses from a given class in the specific context of reading this story, this article examines moments of veering and the difficulties of responding responsibly to the vicissitudes of what I will call moments of unlearning. The questions are, can we veer from theories of literature to theories of teaching? Have critique and difficulty (critique as an experience and practice of difficulty) run aground in our current context? Is it time, consequently, to veer away from difficulty as the purpose of teaching and learning? And if so, what would that veering look like as a practical pedagogical action?
RISK CATEGORY IN PERSONAL INSURANCE CONTRACTS: LEGAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IGP RAS), Moscow, Russian Federation, BATTAKHOV P.P. , OVCHINNIKOVA YU.S.
Published: March 2024

The article highlights the relevance of the topic of personal insurance in connection with the increased role of this type of legal relationship in the socio-economic life of Russia. The risk category in personal insurance is analyzed, as well as its relationship with the concepts of «insurance interest» and «insured event». The purpose of the entry of legal entities into the insurance legal relations of personal insurance is disclosed. It is noted that the risk category in property and personal insurance has a single legal nature, but at the same time it has some specific features in these types of insurance. The specifics of the insurance risk in personal insurance are revealed, which is related to the nature of the insured event as an event occurring precisely in the life of the subject. Both positive aspects of the development of insurance legislation on personal insurance and problematic aspects are noted.
Ethical Problems in the Field of Legal Protection of Personal Data
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University,  Moscow, Russian Federation, Okishev Boris A.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to issues of legal protection and protection of personal data from the point of view of philosophy and ethics; approaches to the protection of personal data in judicial practice in the Russian Federation through the prism of ethics; features of the relationship of legal protection of personal data and ethics; current judicial practice in solving ethical issues in the field of protection of protection of personal data; problems of improving legislation in terms of ethics in the Russian Federation in accordance with the legislation on personal data.
Simulation and the Reality Gap: Moments in a prehistory of synthetic data
Authors: Steinhoff James , Hind Sam
Published: March 2024

Synthetic data is cast by its proponents as the cure for nearly all problems associated with machine learning, from labour costs to privacy and bias. However, in generating synthetic data a fundamental technical issue is encountered: the “reality gap” or when machine learning models trained on synthetic data fail when deployed on conventional data. In the context of contemporary machine learning the reality gap is often described in terms of great novelty, as a phenomenon without historic comparison. This paper challenges the supposition that the reality gap is novel by articulating a “prehistory” of synthetic data in the development of simulation technologies. Simulation is one of primary methods for synthesizing data. This prehistory illustrates how the reality gap has plagued physicists, computer scientists, and engineers since even before the birth of modern computing. We examine three episodes, representative of three regimes of simulation: a) a statistical regime exemplified by the Monte Carlo method, b) a discrete-event regime exemplified by United Steel’s General Simulation Program and c) a visual-interactive regime, exemplified by Fortran-based graphical simulations. In all these episodes, data are presupposed to set up a simulation such that it can avoid the necessity of data collection. We suggest that as the ambitions of contemporary synthetic data producers increase, the data that will be required to get simulations going, or to close the reality gap, is likely to increase in quantity, detail, and granularity.
Proposição de atividades diferenciadas para o ensino de Geografia a partir do olhar de Pibidiano
Authors: Silva Denielle Fernandes da SIlva Fernandes , Do Carmo Judite de Azevedo , De Souza Maria Rosa , Da Silva Rosângela Aparecida
Published: March 2024

Este artigo é resultado das experiências adquiridas no Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) e tem como objetivo apresentar algumas atividades diferenciadas realizadas em sala como uma alternativa pedagógica. A elaboração das atividades e o planejamento das aulas permitiram relacionar a teoria com a prática, uma vez que se basearam em observação da sala de aula do Ensino Médio e nas teorias discutidas no curso de licenciatura em Geografia. Entende-se que as experiências apresentadas podem incentivar a aproximação entre professor e aluno, bem como o envolvimento deste com os conteúdos trabalhados por meio do retorno ao lúdico, mas sem esquecer-se de apresentar desafios aos mesmos, com vistas a prepará-los para o enfrentamento de situações novas.
ABORDANDO ESTÁTICA DOS FLUIDOS ATRAVÉS DE UMA PRÁTICA BASEADA NA TEORIA COGNITIVISTA DE DAVID AUSUBEL
Authors: Cardozo Camila Fernandes
Published: March 2024

A sala de aula é um ambiente plural. Os estudantes chegam nas escolas de diferentes realidades e contextos, que não são delimitados por uma linha espacial ní­tida, como estudantes das zonas "urbana" , "rural" e "periférica" . Inúmeras são as influências e inclinações trazidas por eles. Certamente, não é possí­vel que ocorra aprendizagem se o professor utilizar um modelo de aula padrão para um grupo de alunos tão distintos. Por isso, é de extrema importância que o docente consiga conhecer as particularidades dos indiví­duos que compõem a turma, bem como as caracterí­sticas que estes têm em comum e os definem como grupo. Portanto, foi desenvolvida uma atividade sobre a parte inicial da estática dos fluidos, visando atender esta necessidade de construir uma aula que atenda aos diferentes estudantes. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se na teoria cognitivista de David Ausubel, sendo as preocupações centrais do trabalho: o mapeamento dos conhecimentos prévios, a formação de novos subsunçores na estrutura cognitiva dos discentes e a avaliação. A atividade consistiu em cinco experimentos (simples, de baixo custo e fácil construção) que abordaram os conceitos iniciais da estática dos fluidos. Os grupos foram avaliados através de relatórios sobre as práticas realizadas. Este trabalho é a descrição das percepções obtidas a partir desta experiência.
Te cuento un minicuento: leitura e produção de textos escritos em oficinas do PIBID/UESC
Authors: TONICO MARIA JOSÉ SANTOS , COIMBRA LUDMILA SCARANO , SANTOS LAÃS SILVA
Published: March 2024

Este relato de experiência propõe refletir sobre o trabalho de leitura e produção de minicontos desenvolvido em oficinas realizadas pelo PIBID, subprojeto Espanhol, no Colégio Modelo Luí­s Eduardo Magalhães e na Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, em Ilhéus. Para a realização dessas oficinas, foram produzidas atividades com base no gênero do discurso miniconto, a partir dos aportes teóricos presentes nas Orientações Curriculares do Ensino Médio (OCEM, 2006) e na sequência didática de Dolz, Noverraz e Schneuwly (2004) que permitem, aos alunos, o conhecimento e domí­nio de caracterí­sticas de um determinado gênero do discurso, nesse caso o miniconto, de maneira sistematizada, gradual e significativa. Aqui, relataremos o processo de elaboração dos minicontos e faremos a análise dos mesmos. O objetivo do trabalho é desenvolver o letramento literário (COSSON, 2006), incentivar a leitura e a escrita literárias e tornar públicos os minicontos produzidos. Este projeto tem o financiamento da CAPES.
Palavras-chave: Minicontos, Letramento literário, Sequência didática
PENSAR E VIVER A ESCOLA: REFLEXÕES SOBRE A ABORDAGEM ETNOGRÁFICA NA LEITURA DO COTIDIANO ESCOLAR
Authors: Oliveira Débora Paula de Andrade , Silva Nádia de Sousa , Barroso Clecione Soares de Oliveira , Sampaio Andrecksa Viana de Oliveira
Published: March 2024

O presente estudo tem como propósito apresentar algumas reflexões pertinentes a leitura do cotidiano e da realidade escolar do processo de ensino e aprendizagem sob a perspectiva analí­tica da Etnografia. Além disso, evidencia também as contribuições das vivências na/da escola para a formação dos licenciando em Geografia. Para alcançar os objetivos delineados, adotou-se a seguinte metodologia: discussão do referencial teórico, trabalhos de campo e análise das informações. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa possibilitou aos licenciandos muitas vivências no espaço escolar. A partir da interação com os sujeitos da escola, foi possí­vel perceber quais os significados, valores e representações que a escola tem para eles. Além de discutir quais os desafios que ainda precisam ser superados para a efetivação do processo de ensino e aprendizagem de forma prazerosa e coletiva. Atualmente, os programas como o Programa Institucional de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) se tornaram essenciais, tanto para a Universidade, como para a escola e, sobretudo, para os licenciandos.
Utilização metodológica da pesquisa participante para divulgação cientí­fica: questões sobre corpo e saúde
Authors: Pin José Renato de Oliveira , Faria Renata Sossai Freitas , Gimenes Solange Sardi , Campos Carlos Roberto Pires , Rocha Marcelo Borges
Published: March 2024

A fim de proporcionar significados reais a conteúdos curriculares de caráter cientí­fico, este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre Saúde, desenvolvido com estudantes do 9º ano do ensino fundamental. Utilizou-se como ponto de partida a tematização de assuntos de relevância social, concernentes à obesidade, í­ndice de massa corpórea e frequência cardí­aca, metodologicamente à luz da pesquisa participante. Constituí­ram-se atividades empí­ricas interdisciplinares sob a vertente da divulgação cientí­fica com objetivo de proporcionar aos educandos um repensar sobre seus hábitos sociais, esportivos e alimentares. O trabalho foi desenvolvido por professores de uma escola pública do Municí­pio de Vila Velha (ES) e pesquisadores do Programa EDUCIMAT que utilizaram interpretação textual, análise do meio escolar e prática educativa em espaço não formal, para sensibilizar os estudantes e alcançar os objetivos propostos. Como resultado desta ação destacam-se a proatividade dos estudantes quanto aos conteúdos trabalhados, o papel catalisador de aprendizagens dos espaços não formais, e o fortalecimento da relação dialógica entre professores e estudantes e entre os próprios estudantes.
O Saber-fazer na Formação de Professores para a Inclusão Escolar: um Levantamento Bibliográfico
Authors: Garnica Tamyris Proença Bonilha , Cavalheiro Gabriela Castro Silva , Quaglio Elaine Mussi Hunzecher , Capellini Vera Lucia Messias Fialho
Published: March 2024

Estudos que problematizam as dificuldades e os desafios atuais da escola pública brasileira têm apontado a formação docente como um dos aspectos emblemáticos na busca pela democratização e melhoria da educação. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo objetivou analisar em que medida a produção bibliográfica sobre a formação de professores, produzida a partir da implementação da Polí­tica Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva, de 2008, tem problematizado a questão do saber-fazer docente no contexto da educação especial. Para tanto, realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico em duas bases de dados: Periódicos da Capes e Scielo. Primeiramente, uma busca foi realizada por meio da combinação das palavras-chave "educação especial", "formação docente" , "formação de professores", "saber-fazer docente", "didática", "prática docente", "prática pedagógica", "práticas escolares inclusivas" e "práticas educacionais inclusivas". Em seguida, foram aplicados dois filtros sequenciais, encontrando-se dessa forma 31 artigos. Para discussão dos dados elaborou-se seis categorias: 1. Tipo de pesquisa e instrumentos de coleta de dados; 2. Lócus; 3. Ní­vel de ensino; 4. Participantes; 5. Público-alvo e 6. Foco da formação docente. Concluiu-se após a análise que apenas 10 deles realmente tratavam do saber-fazer docente; sendo que, de modo geral, não discutiam tal questão como objeto central de estudo; fato que aponta para a necessidade de ampliação do debate sobre o fazer docente para a construção de uma escola inclusiva.
As histórias de leituras dos estagiários de um curso de Licenciatura em Quí­mica
Authors: Cabral Wallace Alves , Flôr Cristhiane Carneiro Cunha
Published: March 2024

O presente trabalho dialoga com algumas das histórias de leituras dos estagiários em licenciatura em Quí­mica. Acreditamos que é necessário no ensino escolar e universitário, contribuirmos com a construção da história de leitura dos estudantes, estabelecendo relações intertextuais e resgatando a história dos sentidos do texto. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa visa compreender as histórias de leituras construí­das dentro e fora do ambiente escolar, bem como as influências das atividades discutidas e desenvolvidas nas disciplinas de estágio. Após o desenvolvimento dessas atividades, uma roda de conversas com os estudantes foi elaborada com o intuito de discutir as principais questões em torno da linguagem. Para o exercí­cio da análise da transcrição da roda de conversas, tomamos como referencial teórico a análise do discurso de linha francesa, com ênfase nos trabalhos da Eni Orlandi. Os resultados apontaram que, de modo geral, as disciplinas especí­ficas do curso de Quí­mica não contribuem para o desenvolvimento de outras questões da linguagem, reforçando o caráter técnico dos relatórios produzidos nesse momento da formação inicial. Em contrapartida, as disciplinas pedagógicas da Licenciatura em Quí­mica possibilitaram uma nova forma de ler e escrever. Além disso, alguns estagiários são marcados pelas avaliações escolares que, muitas vezes, desconhecem as histórias de leituras dos estudantes e consideram a linguagem como transparente. Diante das atividades de leitura e escrita que foram desenvolvidas nas disciplinas de Estágio, os estudantes apontaram para a importância de discutir e vivenciar atividades de leitura e escrita nesse momento da formação inicial. Podendo ser uma porta para mudanças nas práticas da Educação Básica, uma vez que acreditam que discutir a linguagem não é papel exclusivo do professor de português.
Educação Social e Avaliação: crianças e adolescentes como sujeitos avaliadores da prática educativa
Authors: Teixeira de Souza Cléia Renata , Natali Paula Marçal
Published: March 2024

A Educação Social é uma prática educativa complexa, por se manifestar em contextos diversos e com metodologias distintas. Os sujeitos que dela participam em diferentes condições estão em formação permanente e podem ser os responsáveis pelo processo educativo e avaliativo dessa práxis. O objetivo deste texto é discutir a possibilidade de que crianças e adolescentes pertencentes aos contextos da Educação Social sejam agentes do processo de avaliação, e apresentar ponderações referentes à formação no e para o contexto da Educação Social. A pesquisa está fundamentada em duas teses de doutorado desenvolvidas pelas autoras do texto e também por suas experiências como educadoras sociais e docentes no ensino superior. Assim como os educadores (adultos) da Educação Social, as crianças e os adolescentes que são sujeitos do processo podem e devem contribuir para a ação avaliativa dessa prática educativa.
As possibilidades entre a Didática e a Educação Social – Pedagogia Social
Authors: Ribas Machado Érico
Published: March 2024

Este texto possui como objetivo apresentar algumas possí­veis reflexões sobre as aproximações entre o campo disciplinar da didática com o campo disciplinar da pedagogia social, considerando diferentes lugares e sujeitos envolvidos em práticas educativas sociais. A necessidade dessa aproximação entre áreas, a priori, distintas, faz parte dos resultados obtidos em pesquisa de cunho teórico realizada em ní­vel de doutorado a partir da perspectiva da educação comparada em que se busca compreender o estágio atual da pedagogia social na Espanha e também no Brasil. Por meio de levantamento bibliográfico e documental foi possí­vel a reconstituição histórica de uma área considerada recente no cenário educacional brasileiro. A área da educação social – pedagogia social pode ser entendida como campo em constituição, principalmente no contexto brasileiro.
Solute Transport Modeling with Impact of Sinusoidal Form of Inlet Source at Boundary of the Geological Formation
Authors: Das Pintu , Kumar Sanjay
Published: March 2024

The solute transport modeling is presented for the movement of various decay parameters under degradation situations of solute transport phenomena. In this present study analytical solution of solute transport modeling is presented for semi-infinite homogeneous geological formation using the Laplace transform technique. Uniform solute segmentation is assumed initially at the geological formation. The one end of the geological formation is polluted by temporally dependent sinusoidal source segmentation. At the other end of the domain solute segmentation flux is assumed to be zero. The concept of dispersion coefficient is directly proportional to the initial outflow velocity used for analytical results. The efforts of distinct velocity patterns (i.e.; exponential decreasing and sinusoidal) are significantly used to observe the solute segmentation behaviour. The solute segmentation distribution increases with time and decreases with space. The Relative Percent Error (RPE) is used to check the accuracy of the solute segmentation with respect to time period. The obtained results may be useful to maintain the quality of groundwater resources.
Exploring the effects of calycosin on anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity: a network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental study
Authors: Zhu Peng , Ren Qianqian , Zhang Ruizhi , Zhang Licai , Xia Xiangwen , Zheng Chuansheng , Ye Tianhe
Published: March 2024

Background

Chemotherapy with anthracyclines can cause cardiotoxicity, possibly leading to stopping treatment in some cancer patients. In cardio-oncology research, preventing and minimizing anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) is a hot issue. For the treatment of AIC, calycosin (CA), an isoflavone component in astragali radix (AR), has become a research focus. However, the elaborate mechanisms of calycosin treating AIC remain to be unrevealed.

Aim of the study

To explore the effects of CA on AIC through multiple dimensions concerning network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental evaluations.

Methods

The study evaluated calycosin's potential targets and mechanisms for treating AIC using network pharmacology and molecular docking. The candidate genes/targets of CA and AIC were screened using the online-available database. Protein-protein interactions (PPI) between the common targets were constructed using the STRING platform, and the results were then visualized using Cytoscape. Molecular docking was used to evaluate the strength of the binding force between CA and the common targets. The possible pharmacological mechanisms of CA were explained by pathway enrichment and GSEA. Subsequently, the candidate targets were identified in vitro experiments.

Results

Network pharmacology effectively discovered the CA's multitarget intervention in AIC, including TNF, ABCC1, TOP2A, ABCB1, and XDH. CA binds to the ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1(ABCB1) had the highest binding energy (−7.5 kcal/mol) according to the molecular docking analysis and was selected and visualized for subsequent analysis. In vitro experiments showed that ABCB1 exhibited significant time-curve changes under different doses of doxorubicin (DOX) compared with DMSO control experiments. The anti-AIC pharmacological mechanism of CA were revealed by highlighting the biological processes of oxidative stress (OR) and inflammation.

Conclusions

We employed a practicable bioinformatics method to connect network and molecular docking to determine the calycosin's therapeutic mechanism against AIC and identified some bioinformatics results in in vitro experiments. The results presented show that CA may represent an encouraging treatment for AIC.