bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in normal human thyroid cells transfected with PPFP
Authors: Li Xinying , Wang Zhiming , Liu Jianming , Tang Cane , Duan Chaojun , Li Cui
Published: August 2012

The fusion gene encoding the thyroid-specific transcription factor PAX8 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ (PPARG)) (designated as the PPFP gene) is oncogenic and implicated in the development of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC). The effects of PPFP transfection on the biological characteristics of Nthy-ori 3-1 cells were studied by MTT assay, colony formation, soft-agar colony formation, and scratch wound-healing assays as well as by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the differentially expressed proteins were analyzed on 2-DE maps and identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. Validation of five identified proteins (prohibitin, galectin-1, cytokeratin 8 (CK8), CK19, and HSP27) was determined by western blot analysis. PPFP not only significantly increased the viability, proliferation, and mobility of the Nthy-ori 3-1 cells but also markedly inhibited cellular apoptosis. Twenty-eight differentially expressed proteins were identified, among which 19 proteins were upregulated and nine proteins were downregulated in Nthy-ori 3-1PPFP(Nthy-ori 3-1 cells transfected with PPFP). The western blot results, which were consistent with the proteome analysis results, showed that prohibitin was downregulated, whereas galectin-1, CK8, CK19, and HSP27 were upregulated in Nthy-ori 3-1PPFP. Our results suggest that PPFP plays an important role in malignant thyroid transformation. Proteomic analysis of the differentially expressed proteins in PPFP-transfected cells provides important information for further study of the carcinogenic mechanism of PPFP in FTCs.
Colonisation of conventional weaned pigs by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and its hazard potential for human health
Authors: Malik Anna , Tóth István , Nagy Béla
Published: August 2012

EnteropathogenicEscherichia coli(EPEC) bacteria frequently cause severe enteric diseases primarily in children and in young rabbits. Their pathogenicity for pigs has been tested by oral infection of colostrum-deprived newborn, and of severely immunosuppressed weaned pigs, but colonisation of conventional weaned pigs by porcine EPEC has not been experimentally studied. EPEC show similarities to enterohaemorrhagicE. coli(EHEC) additionally carrying shiga toxin genes integrated into the chromosome by lambdoid phages. We have demonstrated earlier that the porcine EPEC prototype strain P86-1390 (O45) could be transducedin vivo(in ligated loops of weaned pigs), by Stx2 phage derived from a human EHEC. Thus, the ability of this porcine EPEC strain to colonise conventional weaned pigs under farming conditions became a question of relevance to human health. To clarify this question, four intragastric infection experiments were performed on a total of 95 conventional weaned pigs. The EPEC P86-1390 and other well-characterised porcine EPEC strains were applied to 54 pigs, leaving 41 weaned pigs as negative controls. In three experiments moderate predispositions were applied: coinfections with enterotoxigenicE. coli(ETEC) or with low-virulence TGE coronavirus, application of fumonisin B1with a normal therapeutic dose of dexamethasone, and the increase of soybean protein concentration in the feed. A total of 41 weaned pigs served as negative controls inoculated with a commensal porcineE. coli. Housing conditions simulated the farm environment. As an overall result, ileal segments of 18.5% of infected pigs were shown to be colonised by EPEC, while no EPEC were detected in the ilea of controls. Among predisposing factors occurring on farms, feed protein content increased by 20% (26.3% crude protein, provided by 48% soybean meal) seemed to enhance EPEC colonisation and resulted in the mobilisation of spontaneous latent EPEC/ETEC infection. The results indicate that under normal farm conditions porcine EPEC may colonise conventional weaned pigs by inducing ileal attaching effacing (AE) lesions with reasonable frequency, without clinical signs. The results also suggest that conventional weaned pigs may represent undetected reservoirs of porcine EPEC, potentially giving rise to the emergence of new types of EHEC due to natural transduction by Stx phages.
Pathology of spontaneous tumour lesions in pullets and adult chickens in commercial farms — Short communication
Authors: Ikezawa Mitsutaka , Sasaki Jun , Goryo Masanobu
Published: August 2012

Twenty pullets and adult chickens, aged 100 to 403 days, from several commercial chicken farms were examined by gross and histopathology. Grossly, all chickens had white-greyish masses in the visceral organs with or without enlargement of the peripheral nerves. Histopathological examination revealed Marek’s disease (MD) lymphoma, lymphoid leukosis (LL) and myeloid leukosis (ML) in 14/20, 5/20 and 1/20 of the chickens, respectively. Lesions of the sciatic nerves in chickens diagnosed as having MD lymphoma were various. No neoplastic and/or inflammatory cells were noted in the peripheral nerves of chickens diagnosed as having LL and ML. These results indicated that MD lymphoma could also develop in older chickens; thus, microscopic examination is needed to identify MD in older chickens showing lymphocyte-derived tumours.
Relationship between tumour development and detection of Marek’s disease virus in the feather follicular epithelium of older chickens
Authors: Ikezawa Mitsutaka , Sasaki Jun , Goryo Masanobu
Published: August 2012

To demonstrate the relationship between tumour development and virus replication, eight specific-pathogen-free pullets of line P2 (Group P; 14 weeks old) and five adult chickens (Group A; 96 weeks old) were inoculated with virulent Marek’s disease virus (vMDV). Five chickens of Group P died or were euthanised due to moribund condition following the development of neoplastic lesions between days 53 and 91. On histopathological examination, these lesions were characterised by the proliferation of lymphoid cells of variable size. On analysis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the MDVmeqgene was detected in Group P from day 21, and it was continuously identified in five chickens until they died or were euthanised. Abnormal signs and histopathological changes were not observed in chickens of Group A. The MDVmeqgene was temporarily detected in some chickens of Group A, but it remained almost undetectable throughout the experimental period. In older chickens inoculated with vMDV, the onset of MD lymphoma development tended to be delayed as compared with the young chicks. The relationship between MD lymphoma development and virus replication in older chickens has been suggested. Our data might indicate the underlying existence of an age-related resistance to vMDV challenge.
Sequence analysis for the complete proviral genome of avian leukosis virus subgroup J associated with haemangiomas, leiomyosarcomas and myelomas in layer flocks
Authors: Qu Yue , Sun Honglei , Sun Meiyu , Li Delong , Qin Liting , Gao Yulong , Wang Xiaomei , Liu Sidang
Published: August 2012

Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) can cause a variety of neoplasms, including mainly myeloid leukosis (myelocytomatosis) and nephromas. Other tumours, such as histiocytic sarcoma (HS), haemangiosarcoma and mesothelioma, may also develop. In a previous article we described a case in which myeloid leukosis, haemangiomas and leiomyosarcomas appeared simultaneously in a commercial layer flock with infection by ALV-J. The present research was completed to understand the molecular characteristics of the ALV-J strain that induced clinical myeloid leukosis, haemangiomas and leiomyosarcomas. Two strains of ALV-J (SDAU1001 and SDAU1002) were isolated and identified, and their full-length sequences were analysed. The complete genome nucleotide sequences of these two isolates were different in length, 7652 nt and 7636 nt, respectively. They shared 98.9% identity with each other, and 93.4% to 97.8% nucleotide identity to the reference ALV-J isolates. A 19-nucleotide repeat sequence was identified in the primer binding site (PBS) leader region of isolate SDAU1001. A base substitution mutation (base 15 C-T) in this insertion was identified. However, the identical insertion at the same site was not found in SDAU1002. Thegagandpolgenes of the two viruses were more conserved than theenvgene. One key deletion in the E element was a common feature of SDAU1001 and SDAU1002. SDAU1001 and SDAU1002, possibly recombinants of ALV-J and another avian retrovirus, may share the same ancestor. Co-infection by SDAU1001 and SDAU1002 isolates is a possible explanation why myeloid leukosis, haemangiomas, and leiomyosarcomas appeared simultaneously in the same commercial layer flock.
First molecular identification of Mycoplasma ovis and ‘Candidatus M. haemoovis’ from goat, with lack of haemoplasma PCR-positivity in lice
Authors: Hornok Sándor , Hajtós István , Meli Marina , Farkas Imre , Gönczi Enikő , Meili Theres , Hofmann-Lehmann Regina
Published: August 2012

In order to investigate haemotropic Mycoplasma (formerly Eperythrozoon) infection of goats, blood samples and blood-sucking lice (Linognathus stenopsis) were collected in two goat herds. DNA was extracted from 20 blood samples and from 49 lice allocated to six pools according to host individuals. Haemoplasma infection was detected in four goats by real-time PCR. From the sample with the highest bacterial load the simultaneous presence of M. ovis and ‘Candidatus M. haemoovis’ was demonstrated by cloning and sequencing. Louse pools were haemoplasma negative, including those from bacteraemic animals. However, not only were Anaplasma inclusion bodies seen in blood smears from goats, but relevant PCR-positivity was also detected among lice. This is the first report of a molecular investigation on caprine haemoplasmas, including analysis of their bloodsucking lice. In summary, goats are susceptible to both molecularly characterised ovine haemoplasmas. On the other hand, goat sucking lice (L. stenopsis) do not appear to be potential vectors of these agents.
Toxoplasmosis in Tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii) in the Budapest Zoo and Botanical Garden (2006–2010)
Authors: Sós Endre , Szigeti Alexandra , Fok Éva , Molnár Viktor , Erdélyi Károly , Perge Edina , Biksi Imre , Gál János
Published: August 2012

Smaller macropodid species (commonly referred to as wallabies) are extremely susceptible to toxoplasmosis: in most cases, infection with Toxoplasma gondii leads to death within a short time. Between June 2006 and July 2010, T. gondii was detected by immunohistochemical examination in six Tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii) that died in the Budapest Zoo and Botanical Garden; in another four specimens histopathology revealed T. gondii-like organisms (which could not be differentiated from Neospora caninum solely by morphology), and in another 11 animals toxoplasmosis as the possible cause of death could not be excluded. The current zoo population of 12 Tammar wallabies was tested for T. gondii IgG antibodies by the modified agglutination test (MAT), with negative results. We suppose that most of the deaths were due to acute toxoplasmosis resulting from a recent infection.
Characterisation of cocaine- and amphetamine- regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) enteric neurons in the porcine small intestine
Authors: Wojtkiewicz Joanna , Gonkowski Sławomir , Bladowski Marek , Majewski Mariusz
Published: August 2012

The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and the number of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) neurons and the co-localisation of CART with substance P (SP), somatostatin (SOM), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) within the enteric nervous system (ENS) in the porcine small intestine. Accordingly, the myenteric plexus (MP), outer submucous plexus (OSP) and inner submucous plexus (ISP) of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) were studied by double-labelling immunofluorescence technique. CART-LI neurons were observed in all gut fragments and all types of intramural plexuses studied and amounted from 0.2 ± 0.1% in the ISP of ileum to 22.4 ± 2.4% in the MP of this segment. The co-localisation of CART and NOS or/and VIP was observed depending on the segment of the gut and the complexity of the intramural plexus. On the other hand, during this study the co-localisation of CART and SOM or/and SP was not observed. The present study, for the first time, presents a detailed description of the CART distribution pattern and co-localisation with other neuromodulators within the ENS of the porcine small intestine.
Role of interleukin-1β in the regulation of porcine corpora lutea during the late luteal phase of the cycle and during pregnancy
Authors: Zmijewska Agata , Franczak Anita , Kotwica Genowefa
Published: August 2012

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) may regulate ovarian physiology. In this study, the influence of IL-1β on secretory activity within the corpora lutea (CL) of cyclic and gravid pigs was determinedin vitroduring different stages of the CL lifespan, e.g. on Days 10–11, 12–13 and 15–16 of the oestrous cycle and pregnancy. IL-1β (10 ng/ml) increased prostaglandin E2(PGE2) secretion from CL of the cyclic and gravid pigs during studied days of the oestrous cycle and pregnancy. Increase (P < 0.05) of prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) in IL-1β-treated CL was demonstrated only on Days 10–11 of the oestrous cycle. More potent stimulatory effect of IL-1β on PGE2than PGF2αsecretion resulted in the enhancement of the PGE2:PGF2αratio in cyclic and early pregnant CL. IL-1β increased (P < 0.05) progesterone (P4) secretion only in gravid CL and had no effect on oestradiol-17β (E2) release. Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA was stimulated (P < 0.05) in IL-1β-treated cyclic and gravid CL. Expression of prostaglandin synthase mRNAs in response to IL-1β did not increase. In conclusion, IL-1β modulates PGE2, PGF2αand P4secretion from porcine CL, depending on luteal stage and the surrounding hormonal milieu. The cytokine may act locally in porcine CL for luteotrophic support throughout the PGE2-mediated synthesis and secretion.
Study of the genetic variability of porcine circovirus type 2 detected in Serbia and Slovenia
Authors: Toplak Ivan , Lazić Sava , Lupulović Diana , Prodanov-Radulović Jasna , Becskei Zsolt , Došen Radoslav , Petrović Tamaš
Published: August 2012

Recent variants of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) were obtained from tissues of domestic pigs with porcine circovirus associated disease and from randomly selected wild boar samples from Serbia and Slovenia. A 450-base-pair nucleotide sequence was obtained by PCR from the ORF2. The derived nucleotide and amino acid sequences were aligned and compared to the corresponding region of closely related PCV2 sequences determined in previous years and retrieved from the GenBank. The 30 Serbian and 17 Slovenian PCV2 sequences clustered into three previously determined genotypes (PCV2a: 7), (PCV2b: 38) and (PCV2d: 2). Three major variable regions, concerning 29 amino acid position substitutions within the ORF2, were observed, which further supports the segregation of the detected strains into three separate genotypes. This study indicates that PCV2b is the predominant genotype in Serbia and Slovenia and the detected PCV2 strains are closely related to those previously described in Europe and in other parts of the world.
Chromatographic Investigations of Purple Archaeological Bio-Material Pigments Used as Biblical Dyes
Authors: Koren Zvi C.
Published: August 2012

This article discusses recent scientific research performed by the author in understanding the composition of archaeological purple pigments and dyes from molluskan sources, which were primarily used for the dyeing of royal and priestly textiles, as also cited in the Bible. Towards this end, the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been applied to the qualitative and quantitative multi-component fingerprinting of purple pigments extracted from various Muricidae mollusks inhabiting the Mediterranean waters. The results show that the colorants in these purple pigments belong to three chemical groups: the indigoids (of major importance), the indirubinoids, and the isatinoids. Application of this analytical method to purple pigments and dyes on archaeological artifacts from the ancient Near and Middle East has lead to a number of breakthroughs and discoveries made by this laboratory. These include the following: decipherment of the optimal method by which the ancients practiced purple-dyeing by completely natural means; first HPLC analysis of a raw unprocessed purple archaeological snail pigment and the resulting identification of a dibrominated indirubin in this pigment; discovery of the purple pigment as the sole paint pigment on a 2,500 royal marble jar from the Persian King Darius I; and the discovery that a 2,000 year old miniscule fabric found atop the Judean Desert palatial fortress of Masada belonged to the royal purple mantle of King Herod I and is the first Biblical Argaman dye found in ancient Israel.
Xavier Guerrero, De México a Chile (From Mexico to Chile), Some Remarks About the Use of Portland Cement in Mexican Muralism
Authors: Ocaña Sandra Zetina , Pesqueira Manuel Espinosa , Pérez Castellanos Nora Ariadna , Pappereti Renato Robert
Published: August 2012

Xavier Guerrero (1896-1974) had an important role in the so-called Mexican Mural Renaissance, as a technical leader in the murals painted by Roberto Montenegro and Diego Rivera in the early 1920’s. Jean Charlot, Diego Rivera and David Alfaro Siqueiros considered him as a sophisticated fresco craftsman, whose knowledge came from a popular mural painters guild.

In 1941 the Mexican Government donated a School to Chillan, a Chilean town almost destroyed by a strong earthquake. David Alfaro Siqueiros and Xavier Guerrero were commissioned to paint murals on the Mexico School. Between 1941-1942 Guerrero decorated several walls and the staircase ceiling, the mural program is called De México a Chile (From Mexico to Chile). In 2010 another earthquake destroyed part of the ceiling. This study is part of the diagnosis project of De México a Chile, and consists in the characterization of the mortar and painting layers with optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal analysis (TGA), while textural properties of the mortars were studied with nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.

Analytical results show a stratigraphic sequence composed of several layers of Portland and lime combinations, and also an interesting painting technique that possibly involves the Portland cement setting process, with the development of specular gypsum.
How to Make a Latex Rubber Sculpture? Manufacturing Studies that Improve the Creative Work of an Artist
Authors: Pérez Nora A. , Ruvalcaba José L. , Hernández Claudio , Martínez César
Published: August 2012

Contemporary Art has the characteristic of being made with a wide diversity of materials. In this plastic age many of the artists employ polymers to create their works, but do not consider the degradation that their art will suffer eventually.

This work presents the studies performed for improving the manufacture of a series of sculptures made of latex rubber that belong to the Museo Universitario Arte Contemporáneo (MUAC), UNAM, in Mexico City. These sculptures made by César Martínez are blow up and deflated continuously during their exhibition. Techniques such as Fourier Transformed Infrared (FT-IR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Raman spectroscopies were used for characterizing the manufacturing techniques of the artist. Dynamical Mechanical Analysis (DMA) was carried out to correlate the mechanical properties with the raw materials.

These analyses provide a comprehensive understanding of the material and the main factors that affect the degradation of the pieces. The combination of these studies made possible to suggest a new methodology to the artist in order to improve the quality and therefore enlarge the lifetime of his work.
Decay Degree determination of Archaeological Shell Objects from the Great Temple of Tenochtitlan, using a Visible Light Spectrometer
Authors: Parrodi María de Lourdes Gallardo , Ruvalcaba Sil José Luis
Published: August 2012

In four offerings of the Great Temple of Tenochtitlan five groupings of Pinctada Mazatlanica shell pendants were found. Due to the burial conditions, damages on the surfaces can be observed in almost all the objects. In order to assess the deterioration degree, we used a visible light spectrometer. This is an inexpensive method to determine qualitatively the reflectance of the light at the surface that is directly related to the amount of organic material remains in these objects. This data may be used as a conservation marker for monitoring the collection and it can provide outstanding information to preserve the fragile shell pendants using a non-destructive method.
Chemical Evolution of the Volcanic Tuff from the Santa Mónica Church in Guadalajara, Mexico
Authors: Pérez Nora A. , Lima Enrique
Published: August 2012

The Santa Mónica Church is one of the most representative buildings in Guadalajara, Mexico as it is the finest Solomonic Baroque temple in the city. The church was built in the XVIII century with different types of volcanic tuffs, which have been studied from the macroscopic level to the structural level with the aim to determine the deterioration degree of the church’s tuffs.

Textural, morphological and structural properties of Tuff were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR ATR) and 29Si and 27Al magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR), nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), compressive strength tests were also performed.

Characterization data has provided a comprehensive view of the alterations on the volcanic tuff of Santa Mónica Church. Then the study focused on proposing the best strategy for the understanding and conservation of Churches and other buildings in Guadalajara which have been built with the same stone. Currently, siliceous materials doped with aluminum are being tested as consolidate.
Correlation of Atmospheric Dust and Rainfall as Basalt Chemical Weathering Precursors
Authors: León M. Teutli , Tufiño L.A. Térrez , Suárez G. Jiménez , Hernández E. León , Téllez L.M. Tenorio
Published: August 2012

Basalt chemical weathering can be related to chemical composition of both atmospheric dust and rainfall, in published works authors have shown that weathered basalt exhibits a raise in anions like sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, chloride and carbonate, and doing a follow up of rainfall chemistry during 2009 at downtown Puebla, it was shown that rainfall has not an acid pH because there is a strong contribution from atmospheric dust.

In this paper it is reported obtained results for dust samples collected during the dry season, collection was done in 3 places exposed to different environment, analysis of solid samples clearly reflect anthropogenic activities since the highest oil and grease content corresponds to a site with high population, also mineral carbonate amounts 30% in weight. An analytical sample was prepared and the filtrate used to measure pH which ranges from 6.3 to 7.84, and conductivity from 11.91-13.87 mS-cm-1. Main soluble ions range are as follow: sulfate 3.4-5.9 mg g-1, nitrate 0.19-0.54 mg g-1, chloride 0.7-8.91 mg g-1, sulfide 4-7 mg g-1, carbonate 304-364 mg g-1, this last correspond to 10% of the mineral content. Also, metals were determined as total (applying an acid digestion) and water soluble, obtained results allow to affirm that there are highly soluble metals like Ca, Pb (up to 97%), moderately soluble ones such as Cu and Mn (60% and 20% respectively) and non soluble ones like Al, Fe and Zn.

It was confirmed that atmospheric dust has all properties, which could produce an alkalinization of rainwater. Also, its water soluble ionic content can be a source for those ions causing basalt weathering.
Trace Element Analysis of Bone from Past Populations in the Peninsula of Yucatan
Authors: Chay Saul , Rodríguez Mónica , Quintana Patricia , Tiesler Vera
Published: August 2012

This dietary study compares concentrations of trace elements in human skeletal series from the municipal cemetery of Xoclán, in Mérida, Yucatan, and a skeletal collection that was donated by the Yucatecan State Justice Department (PGH). The results from these modern samples are to be compared to those obtained from human collections from a colonial cemetery from Campeche and the pre-Hispanic Maya site of Xcambó. Our results indicate that the archaeological series show higher concentrations of Sr compared to the modern populations, both of which showed very similar values. Zn concentrations were similar when the modern values were compared to those derived from the colonial series from Campeche. Xcambó´s population, in turn, shows a high degree of variability in Zn values, which may be due to diagenetic contamination.
Pré-diabetes: diagnóstico, avaliação de complicações crônicas e tratamento
Authors: Souza Camila Furtado de , Gross Jorge Luiz , Gerchman Fernando , Leitão Cristiane Bauermann
Published: August 2012

O diabetes melito do tipo 2 (DM2) é responsável por 90% dos casos de diabetes e está associado a complicações micro e macrovasculares de elevada morbimortalidade. Os indivíduos com maior risco de desenvolvimento de DM incluem aqueles com glicemia de jejum alterada (GJA) e tolerância diminuída à glicose (TDG) e especialmente aqueles com as duas condições combinadas. Esses indivíduos fazem parte de um grupo hoje conhecido como pré-diabetes. Aproximadamente 25% dos indivíduos com pré-diabetes desenvolverão DM2 em três a cinco anos. A hiperglicemia, na ausência de DM, também foi associada ao aumento no risco de doença cardiovascular. Estudos demonstraram que mudanças no estilo de vida e intervenções medicamentosas são efetivas em retardar ou prevenir o DM2 em pacientes com pré-diabetes. GJA e TDG estão associadas ao desenvolvimento de DM2 e, apesar das controvérsias, a maioria dos estudos epidemiológicos reforça a importância dessas duas condições também no desenvolvimento de doença micro e macrovascular. Assim, intervenções em pacientes com pré-diabetes são importantes na prevenção primária do DM2 e de suas complicações crônicas.
Obesidade abdominal e fatores associados em adolescentes: comparação de duas regiões brasileiras diferentes economicamente
Authors: Silva Diego Augusto Santos , Pelegrini Andreia , Silva Adelson Fernandes da , Grigollo Leoberto Ricardo , Petroski Edio Luiz
Published: August 2012

OBJETIVO: Verificar as diferenças e similaridades na prevalência e fatores associados à obesidade abdominal em adolescentes de duas áreas brasileiras distintas economicamente. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 1.065 escolares de 14 a 17 anos, sendo 601 do Meio Oeste Catarinense, SC, e 464 do Norte de Minas, MG. Identificou-se a obesidade abdominal por meio da circunferência da cintura. As variáveis independentes foram as sociodemográficas, adiposidade corporal e comportamento relacionado à atividade física. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de obesidade abdominal foi maior no Meio Oeste catarinense (6,3%; IC95%: 4,4-8,3) em comparação ao Norte de Minas (2,1%; IC95%: 0,8-3,5). Os meninos e o excesso de adiposidade corporal foram fatores associados à obesidade abdominal em ambas as regiões. CONCLUSÃO: Embora existam diferenças na prevalência de obesidade abdominal em adolescentes de duas áreas distintas economicamente, os fatores associados à obesidade foram semelhantes.
Incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in the city of Uberaba/Minas Gerais and etiological evaluation of the affected subjects
Authors: Palhares Heloísa Marcelina da Cunha , Silva Lilian Carla , Sato Luciene Mayumi , Lara Beatriz Hallal Jorge , Miranzi Sybele de Souza Castro , Silva Adriana de Paula , Borges Maria de Fátima
Published: August 2012

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and etiology of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in Uberaba, MG. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: From 2001 to 2010, by reviewing patient files from a public reference outpatient unit. The screening program covered 88% of live-born children. RESULTS: CH was diagnosed in 16 children, representing an incidence of 1:2,017 live-born children screened. The etiological evaluation was done in 15 children and revealed seven cases of thyroid dysgenesis, seven of dyshormonogenesis, and one case of transient hypothyroidism. One child moved away from the state before etiological investigation was carried out. CONCLUSION: We concluded that both the incidence of CH and of dyshormonogenesis as the main causes of CH were increased in the investigated region, but molecular studies are necessary for a better definition of etiology.
A rare case of Cushing syndrome by cyclic ectopic-ACTH
Authors: Farage Mariana , Costa Mario Alberto da Dantas Loures , Godoy-Matos Amélio Fernando
Published: August 2012

ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome (CS) due to ectopic ACTH production is most times difficult to manage. The identification of the source of ACTH may take many years. Surgery or chemotherapy for the primary tumor is not always possible. Control of Cushing symptoms is many times achieved using medication, or bilateral adrenalectomy in refractory cases. This case presents a Brazilian male who showed severe hypertension, mood changes, muscle weakness, darkening of skin, and increased abdominal fat. An investigation for Cushing syndrome was carried out and, after a four-year follow-up, a carotid glomus tumor (chemodectoma) was confirmed, a rare ectopic ACTH-producing tumor. Besides, the patient presented cyclic Cushing syndrome that was exacerbated by diverticulitis episodes. This case presents interesting pitfalls on diagnosis and management of ACTH-dependent CS. This is the only report of a chemodectoma that produced ACTH in the literature.
Minimal change disease associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Moyses Neto Miguel , Silva Gyl Eanes Barros , Costa Roberto S. , Romão Elen A. , Vieira Neto Osvaldo Merege , Dantas Marcio
Published: August 2012

A 19-year-old female with type 1 diabetes for four years, and a 73-year-old female with type 2 diabetes for twenty years developed sudden-onset nephrotic syndrome. Examination by light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy (in one case) identified minimal change disease (MCD) in both cases. There was a potential causative drug (meloxicam) for the 73-year-old patient. Both patients were treated with prednisone and responded with complete remission. The patient with type 1 diabetes showed complete remission without relapse, and the patient with type 2 diabetes had two relapses; complete remission was sustained after associated treatment with cyclophosphamide and prednisone. Both patients had two years of follow-up evaluation after remission. We discuss the outcomes of both patients and emphasize the role of kidney biopsy in diabetic patients with an atypical proteinuric clinical course, because patients with MCD clearly respond to corticotherapy alone or in conjunction with other immunosuppressive agents.
Proteinas do liquido cefalorraqueano: I. Estudo comparativo entre metodos de concentração
Authors: Vermes Lucia M. Singer
Published: August 2012

No intuito de escolher entre métodos de concentração, aplicáveis ao LCR, aquele que, não provocando desnaturação de proteínas, seja o mais exato, preciso e de fácil aplicação em laboratórios de rotina, foram estudados quatro procedimentos: diálise contra solução de goma-arábica, centrífugo-ultrafiltração, absorção de substâncias de baixo peso molecular por gel seco de poliacrilamida e ultrafiltração sob pressão positiva. Concluiu-se que a diálise contra solução de goma-arábica, por ser preciso, relativamente exato, simples e pouco oneroso, é o mais satisfatório dentre os métodos estudados.
Proteinas do liquido cefalorraqueano: II. Valores normais das frações proteicas obtidas por eletroforese (variações ligadas a cor, sexo e idade)
Authors: Vermes Lucia M. Singer
Published: August 2012

Mediante dosagens de proteínas totais e eletroforese sobre acetato de celulose de 213 amostras de LCR normal, obtidas por punção da cisterna magna, foram efetuados estudos para verificação de variações ligadas à cor, sexo e idade. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que: 1. não existem diferenças ligadas à cor no proteinograma do LCR; 2. em crianças, os fatores sexo e idade não influem nos valores estudados; 3. as taxas de proteínas totais e frações protéicas do LCR normal de criança diferem das de homens e de mulheres; 4. em adultos ocorrem variações ligadas ao sexo no proteinograma do LCR; 5. em adultos, proteínas totais e todas frações protéicas, quando expressas em mg/100 ml, aumentam com o avançar da idade. Foram estabelecidas, para a metodologia usada, as taxas fisiológicas do proteinograma do LCR de crianças, homens e mulheres, separadamente.
Proteinas do liquido cefalorraqueano: III. Valores normais das imuneglobulinas G, A e M (variações ligadas a cor, sexo e idade)
Authors: Vermes Lucia M. Singer
Published: August 2012

É apresentada inicialmente revisão de literatura a respeito dos resultados obtidos na determinação das taxas de imuneglobulinas do LCR normal, mediante diferentes métodos, assim como da influência dos fatores cor, sexo e idade, nestes valores. Mediante imunodifusão radial foram determinados os níveis de IgG, IgA e IgM do LCR normal de 115, 78 e 45 pessoas, respectivamente. Todas as amostras de LCR foram obtidas por punção sub-occipital (LCR-SO). Os resultados destas determinações permitiram concluir que: a) as taxas médias de IgG, IgA e IgM do LCR de pretos ou pardos não diferem daquelas de brancos; b) não existem variações ligadas ao sexo, nem à idade, em crianças com 1 a 11 anos, nas taxas das imuneglobulinas estudadas, no LCR; c) os níveis fisiológicos em crianças com 1 a 11 anos, para IgG variam entre 0,21 e 2,93 mg/100 ml; os teores absolutos médios de IgG de crianças são inferiores àqueles encontrados em adultos; os níveis percentuais médios de IgG de crianças não diferem daqueles de adultos; d) as taxas de IgA do LCR de crianças, tanto em valores absolutos como relativos, são, em média, inferiores àquelas encontradas em adultos, não ultrapassando, em condições normais, 0,15 mg/100 ml (0,7% do total protéico); e) em adultos, não se observam variações ligadas ao sexo, nem à idade, nos níveis das imuneglobulinas estudadas, no LCR-SO; as taxas normais de IgG encontradas no LCR-SO de adultos são de 0,51 a 4,00 mg/100 ml; em crianças e adultos, as taxas fisiológicas desta imuneglobulina, em termos percentuais, são de 3 a 12%; o LCR-SO normal de adultos contém IgA em concentrações de até 0,32 mg/100 ml (0,9% do total protéico); f) a IgM encontra-se no LCR-SO normal, tanto de crianças como de adultos, em níveis muito baixos, não ultrapassando 0,2 mg/100 ml (0,25% do total protéico).
Aspectos clinicos da neurocisticercose: análise de 500 casos
Authors: Takayanagui Osvaldo M. , Jardim Edymar
Published: August 2012

Analisamos as manifestações clínicas, os exames complementares e a evolução de 500 pacientes com neurocisticercose, atendidos pela Disciplina de Neurologia do Departamento de Neuropisiquiatria e Psicologia Médica da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, no período de 1956 a 1979. Este material, no contexto da literatura consultada, constituiu-se na maior casuística clínica até agora apresentada. A neurocisticercose é grave endemia em nossa região, representando 2,7% dos atendimentos efetuados pela Disciplina de Neurologia e 7,5% das internações hospitalares. As formas clínicas mais comuns foram a epiléptica (64,8%), a de hipertensão intracraniana (35,6%) e a meningítica (29%). Na radiografia simples do crânio evidenciou-se a presença de calcificações intracranianas com morfologia sugestiva de cisticercos em 47,6%. O exame do LCR apresentou anormalidades em 81,3%: hipercitose em 60,9%, hiperproteinorraquia em 49,1% e hipertensão em 29%. A eosinofilorraquia ocorreu em 41,9%. A positividade na reação de Weinberg esteve presente em 62,6%. A terapêutica da neurocisticercose é fundamentalmente sintomática. Discutimos o valor dos diferentes medicamentos e do tratamento cirúrgico na neurocisticercose, chegando à conclusão de que nenhum deles é eficaz a longo prazo. Enquanto as pesquisas não revelarem drogas realmente eficientes, somente a educação sanitária poderá controlar esta endemia, que atinge entre nós, tão sombrias perspectivas.
Correlative scanning and transmission electron microscopic study on the ependymal surface of Bradypus Tridactylus
Authors: Carvalho Claudio A. Ferraz de , Chagas Cláudio Fava , Silva Ciro Ferreira da , Reis Francisco Prado
Published: August 2012

Topographical variations of the ependymal surface of the whole brain ventricular system of Bradypus tridactylus were studied at the scanning electron microscope after CO2 critical point drying and carbon-gold coating. Certain selected areas were also studied at the transmission electron microscope, following standard technical procedures. We observed distinct patterns in the distribution of cilia, microvilli and supraependymal structures (nerve-like and fibrous astrocyte fibers), and also a small number of blebs. It the lateral transition zone between the floor and roof of the lateral ventricle were found interconrected stellate bulgings measuring an average 98 x 190 mm, constituted by a complex meshwork of processes from fibrous astrocytes, without ependymal lining and with few cell bodies. In the junction between these formations and the underlying neuropil, ciliated ependymal-cell-like glial cells were found to delimit complex labyrinthic spaces. Based on the morphological findings, morpho-functional considerations are made.
Efeitos da denervação em musculo soleus de ratos
Authors: Kouyoumdjian J. A. , Marcato O. , Marques L. A.
Published: August 2012

As alterações histológicas e a evolução de peso foram estudadas em músculo soleus de ratos após denervação do nervo ciático. Os músculos foram retirados em períodos de tempo que variaram de 3 a 50 dias. Houve redução progressiva de peso com cerca de 50% de atrofia na 3ª semana, atingindo-se um plateau ao redor do 50º dia. As anormalidades histológicas mais acentuadas ocorreram nos núcleos, que se tornaram vesiculares, com nucléolos proeminentes e com aparente aumento de número; tais anormalidades foram observadas já na primeira semana. Houve redução de cerca de 50% no calibre das fibras musculares que se tornaram arredondadas. As normalidades de tecido conjuntivo foram discretas e as estriações persistiram inalteradas por todo tempo do estudo.
Função de drenagem purificadora do sistema nervoso central pelo liquido cefalorraquiano
Authors: Reis-filho João Baptista dos
Published: August 2012

Por motivo da ausência de um sistema linfático no encéfalo, o produto derivado de seu metabolismo somente pode ser removido por duas vias, pelo fluxo sanguíneo capilar ou pela sua transferência ao LCR. Davson havia sugerido que esta segunda forma seria possível, o LCR exercendo uma função de eliminação depuradora para o tecido nervoso e, posteriormente, juntamente com Oldendorf, demonstrou experimentalmente ser esta hipótese admissível. De acordo com esta concepção, o produto do metabolismo encefálico não aproveitável se difundiria em condições normais para o LCR e daqui seria removido pelo mecanismo habitual de sua reabsorção. Da mesma forma, qualquer soluto que atravessasse a barreira hematencefálica em proporção prejudicial seria desviado do tecido nervoso, evitando-se que sua concentração mais elevada perturbasse a função cerebral. Por meio da sua reabsorção nas vilosidades da aracnóide, o LCR eliminaria lentamente este soluto que passou do sangue para o SNC. De modo semelhante, a água em excesso poderia ser removida do tecido nervoso em pacientes com edema encefálico.
Mitochondrial myopathy with respiratory muscle involvement: a case report
Authors: Levy J. A. , Tsanaclis Ana M. , Saraiva P. A. P. , Mion Carmen C. , Salum Paulo N. B.
Published: August 2012

A case of a 10-year-old patient with a benign congenital myopathy, suddenly aggravated because of an accentuated deficit in respiratory muscles is reported. The institution of assisted respiration at night allowed the patient to return to her daily activities. Examination of muscular biopsy with ultra-microscope permitted the diagnosis of mitochondrial myopathy.
Metastase medular tardia de germinoma supra-selar: registro de um caso
Authors: Settanni Flavio A. P. , Stavale João Norberto , Oliveira Vinio Cintra
Published: August 2012

Paciente operado de tumor intramedular que evoluiu para o óbito, cuja necrópsia revelou presença de germinoma intramedular e germinoma supra-selar remanescente de tratamento cirúrgico e radioterápico realizado 11 anos antes. São discutidas a etiologia e a conduta cirúrgica e radioterápica.
Tomografia computadorizada do cranio no diagnostico dos meningiomas: registro de 16 casos
Authors: Mattos James Pitagoras de , Amaral Helvio Luiz do , Lucca Irene , Finaldi Iris , Ferreira Osni de Oliveira , Oliveira Sobrinho Orestes Alves de , Giorelli Paulo Cesar Lima , Correa Vania Maria de Barros
Published: August 2012

Os autores se referem à importância do emprego da tomografia computadorizada do crânio para o preciso diagnóstico dos meningiomas. Constam da experiência 16 casos, comprovados cirúrgica e histologicamente. A média de idade foi de 52,1 anos, sendo 10 pacientes do sexo feminino e 6 do masculino. Quanto à localização, 5 eram da cavidade orbitrária e/ou asa do esfenóide, 3 parasagitais, 3 da foice, 2 supra-selares, 2 de convexidade e 1 do tentório. Concluem tratar-se de exame de grande positividade (95-98%), praticamente inócuo e que permite, na atualidade, o diagnóstico precoce conduzindo, consequentemente, a melhores resultados terapêuticos.
Subpopulações linfocitarias do liquido cefalorraqueano normal: I. principais registros da literatura
Authors: Machado L. R.
Published: August 2012

São revistos os dados principais da literatura referentes ao perfil linfocitário no líquido cefalorraqueano. É dada atenção particular àqueles que dizem respeito às subpopulações T e B e aos contingentes T efetivamente mobilizados na produção e regulação da resposta imune no sistema nervoso central.
Subpopulações linfocttarias do liquido cefalorraqueano: II. técnica
Authors: Machado L. R.
Published: August 2012

Na determinação de subpopulações linfocitárias, as particularidades do contingente celular do líquido cefalorraqueano justificam a adoção de metodologia rigorosa e a introdução de variantes de técnica. A técnica empregada e as variantes introduzidas são descritas, visando a obter baixa dispersão e alta reprodutibilidde de resultados.
Estudo clinico da epilepsia catamenial: tipos clinicos das crises epilepticas
Authors: Schelp Arthur Oscar , Speciali José Geraldo
Published: August 2012

Foram atendidas 431 pacientes epilépticas com idades acima de 10 anos, no período de fevereiro a julho de 1981 no ambulatório de neurologia do H.C.F.M.R.P. Destas, foram selecionadas 119 pacientes com idade de 13 a 45 anos e/ou fluxo menstrual periódico e pelo menos uma crise epiléptica ao mês. As pacientes foram separadas em dois grupos, o primeiro constituído de 36 pacientes com diagnóstico de epilepsia catamenial e o segundo com 83 pacientes que apresentavam epilepsia não catamenial. Determinamos um coeficiente de prevalência de 105,9/1000 para a epilepsia catamenial. Classificamos os tipos clínicos de crises epilépticas ocorridas em pacientes com epilepsia catamenial e comparamos com as ocorridas em pacientes na menacme.
Estudo clinico da epilepsia catamenial: significado da presença de lesão cerebral prévia
Authors: Schelp Arthur Oscar , Speciali José Geraldo
Published: August 2012

Foram atendidas 431 pacientes epilépticas com idades acima de 10 anos, no período de fevereiro a julho de 1981 no ambulatório de Neurologia do H.C.F.M.R.P. Destas, foram selecionadas 119 pacientes com idades de 13 a 45 anos e/ou fluxo menstrual periódico e pelo menos uma crise epiléptica ao mês. As pacientes foram separadas em dois grupos, o primeiro constituído de 36 pacientes com diagnóstico de epilepsia catamenial e o segundo com 83 pacientes que apresentavam epilepsia não catamenial. Confrontamos a percen tagem de quadros clínico-laboratoriais sugestivos de lesão "orgânica", encontradas nos dois grupos. Anotamos os achados eletrencefalográficos das pacientes estudadas.
Computerized axial tomography and diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Bittencourt Paulo R.M. , Kendall Brian E.
Published: August 2012

Computed axial tomography (C.T.) findings are illustrated in 3 patients who presented with C.T. changes suggesting respectively chronic M.S., acute M.S., and an appearance simulating a malignant tumour. Review of the literature shows that the chronic form with cerebral atrophy and low density lesions in the hemispheres is common in patients with a long history and is unlikely to cause diagnostic difficulty. The acute presentation is less common and could be confused with a variety of causes of multiple low density enhancing lesions. The C.T. diagnosis of M.S. is more difficult in rare cases in which plaques cause mass effect and show ring enhancement; all 3 such cases in the literature were subjected to cerebral biopsy.
Mielopatia necrotizante e neoplasias: registro clinico-patologico de dois casos
Authors: Freitas Marcos R. G. de , Cincinatus Daniel , Hahn Myriam Dumas , Moreira Filho Pedro F. , Nascimento Osvaldo J. M. , Netto Manoel Barretto
Published: August 2012

São relatados dois casos de mielopatia transversa subaguda associada a tumores malignos. O primeiro paciente apresentava neoplasia de células reticulares histiocitárias e o segundo, carcinoma renal. Os autores fazem revisão dos casos similares descritos na literatura. As alterações anátomo-patológicas medulares encontradas foram semelhantes às descritas nos relatos prévios, sendo que no primeiro caso havia também intenso infiltrado inflamatório perivascular e a presença de astrócitos bizarros. Tais alterações encontradas sugerem ser esta afecção de natureza viral.
Coreia de Huntington: apresentação de 16 casos
Authors: Barbosa Egberto Reis , Marchiori Paulo E. , Scaff Milberto , Assis José Lamartine de
Published: August 2012

São apresentados 16 casos de coréia de Huntington estudados do ponto de vista neuropsiquiátrico, hereditário e terapêutico. No aspecto clínico foi enfatizado o diagnóstico diferencial. Os achados da presente casuística foram comparados aos de literatura.
Miopatia nemalinica: relato de um caso com estudo histoquimico e microscopia eletrônica
Authors: Werneck Lineu Cesar , Silvado Carlos Eduardo , Jamur Maria Célia , Yacubian Elza Marcia Targas , Salum Paulo Nicolau Borsoi
Published: August 2012

Relato do caso de criança do sexo masculino, com hipotonia e dificuldades de deglutição desde os primeiros dias de vida, necessitando gastrostomia permanente. Apresentava retardo no desenvolvimento motor. A eletromiografia sugeria envolvimento muscular primário e a biópsia muscular, processada a fresco, histoquímica e pela microscopia eletrônica, revelou corpos nemalínicos clássicos e deficiência de fibras do tipo II. São feitos comentários a respeito dos sintomas e formas clínicas, origem e patogenia dos corpos nemalínicos, sendo o caso relatado caracterizado como miopatia nemalínica do tipo congênito.
Polirradiculoneurite recidivante: relato de dois casos
Authors: Marchiori Paulo E. , Scaff Milberto , Callegaro Dagoberto , Zambon Antonio A. , Assis José Lamartine de
Published: August 2012

São relatados dois casos com polirradiculoneurite recidivante com dissociação proteinocitológica no líquido cefalorraqueano. São discutidos os aspectos imunológicos e a história natural da polirradiculoneurite recidivante, sendo esta admitida como uma entidade nosológica própria, independente da polirradiculoneurite aguda.