bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Survival Prognostic Tools in Terminal-stage Tumor Patients: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cheng Ziluo , Yin Xiaoli , Zhou Yuxin , Wang Yeping , Mei Zhen , Wu Yanping
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Previous studies have discussed the effectiveness of the Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS), Palliative Performance Scale (PPS), Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI), and Delirium-Palliative Prognostic Score (D-PaP) in predicting the survival of patients with terminal-stage tumor, but their effectiveness in the Chinese terminal-stage tumor population still needs to be explored. Therefore, we conducted this prospective cohort study to investigate the applicability of KPS, PPS, PPI, and D-PaP in predicting survival in Chinese patients with terminal-stage tumors.
Methods
This is a prospective cohort study that collected data from 286 terminal-stage tumor patients across four medical institutions in China from September 2020 to October 2023. The feasibility of using KPS, PPS, PPI, and D-PaP to predict 7-day and 30-day survival in terminal-stage tumor patients was discussed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The differences in survival among terminal-stage tumor patients using new cut-off values for the four survival prognostic tools were discussed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves.
Results
The study ultimately included 286 patients with terminal-stage tumor, with an overall median survival of 8 days. For the prediction of the 30-day survival, the area under the ROC curve of KPS, PPS, PPI, and D-PaP were 0.783 (95% CI 0.687–0.878), 0.756 (0.658–0.855), 0.759 (0.655–0.862), and 0.872 (0.784–0.959), respectively. The optimal cut-off values were 25 for KPS, 35 for PPS, 3.75 for PPI, and 8.25 for D-PaP. Their corresponding sensitivity was 62.2%, 76%, 67.9%, and 88.5%, while their specificity was 83.3%, 70.8%, 75%, and 83.3%, respectively.
Conclusion
KPS, PPS, PPI, and D-PaP are all effective in predicting survival in Chinese patients with terminal-stage tumors. Particularly, D-PaP is the most suitable for predicting 30-day survival.
Tweet Analysis: Visualisation using Python
Authors: Bhagat Lucky , Bhandari Manya , Bharti Muneesh Kumar , Singh Neha , Srivast Rajshree
Published: May 2024

Most of the information is open to the public and can be mined. Huge amounts of data are available on the social networking site like Twitter. This data may be unstructured, semi-structured, or structured in any combination. This enables users to discuss concerns with various communities, as well as to share and express their opinions about various subjects. Sentiment analysis of Twitter data has been the subject of extensive research. Sentiment: that describes how people feel or think about a specific subject. Not facts, but subjective perceptions of the domain are the result. Twitter is one of the most widely used platforms. Many scholars who conduct research in critical domains such as consumer brands, market performance, and democratic election prediction have found inspiration from Twitter. The initiative focuses on Twitter data analysis. This paper focuses on a tool to assess public sentiment, monitor crises, conduct market research, and the influence and reach of a Twitter trend, it lets users view a range of metrics related to any hashtag, such as the most popular users utilizing it, users with the greatest reach, an estimate of the hashtag's actual and maximum reach, the timely frequency of tweets and retweets, and the estimated market value of the hashtag with the use of python and Twitter API. It will help combat misinformation and online negativity and promote accountability with a focus on visual content analysis.
Association between Healthy Eating Index-2020 and Trouble Sleeping and Hypertension in US Adults: Result from NHANES 2017 March to 2020 Pre-Pandemic Data
Authors: Wu Dongfang , Jiang Shan , Wang Yichen , Xu Jianhong
Published: May 2024

Background
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, with contributing factors including diet and sleep quality. The Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020) provides a framework for assessing diet quality across various components, offering insights into how dietary patterns and trouble sleeping may influence the risk of hypertension.
Methods
We analyzed data from March to 2020 Pre-Pandemic data in National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES),. Hypertension was defined by blood pressure tests, questionnaires, or prevention medication use, and trouble sleeping was defined by questionnaire. The study controlled for demographic factors, and according to HEI-2020 scores and the answer of trouble sleeping, participants were divided into four groups to assess the relationship with hypertension risk. We used logistic regression analyses and subgroup analysis to explore the association between HEI levels and trouble sleeping and hypertension.
Results
This study includes a total of 5,713 participants which includes 2,738 males and 2,975 females, and 2,820 participants have hypertension. The participants are divided into four groups, the second group which represents the bad diet and no trouble sleeping, and the fourth group which represents the not bad diet and no trouble sleeping show the most significant risk reduction across three adjusted models, with odds ratios ranging from 0.53 to 0.50 (p-values from 0.000 to 0.000), showing good sleep were associated with lower hypertension risk, and effect could be even greater if complemented with a better diet.
Conclusion
This study found that the absence of trouble sleeping is significantly associated with a lower risk of hypertension, even if the diet is poor. The reduction in hypertension risk was most pronounced in participants who had good sleep and a balanced diet.
Network externalities in a quantity-setting vertically differentiated luxury goods market
Authors: Nakamura Yasuhiko
Published: May 2024

This study reconsiders how the strength of network externalities and the gap in product quality influence equilibrium market outcomes in a luxury market with vertical product differentiation under quantity competition. We show the following three results. First, the demand, price, and profit of a low-quality firm can be positively associated with the strength of network externalities. Second, the profit-enhancing quality of a low-quality firm is higher under quantity competition than under price competition. Third, the profit-maximizing quality of a low-quality firm is higher than its socially optimal quality.
JEL classification: D43; L13
Assessment of myocardial bridge anatomy and ischemia with an integrated protocol combining coronary CT angiography and dynamic CT myocardial perfusion imaging
Authors: pan shuang , wang hao , wang zhaoqian
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study explored the adoption of adenosine-stress dynamic computed tomography-myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) to assess hemodynamic changes in patients with left anterior descending myocardial bridge (MBs).
Materials and Methods: A total of 52 patients with left anterior descending MBs and 27 controls were retrospectively included in this study to investigate the differences in myocardial blood flow (MBF), CT-fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR), and ΔCT-FFR.
Results: A total of 52 patients with left anterior MBs and 27 controls were included in this study. The CT-FFRsystole of patients in the MB group was significantly lower than that in the control group (median [interquartile range], 0.73 [0.55–0.80] vs. 0.82 [0.72–0.86]; P = 0.005). The ΔCT-FFRsystole in the MB group was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.26 [0.13–0.38] vs. 0.18 ± 0.10; P =0.022). However, there was no statistically significant difference in MBF in the left anterior descending artery territory between the MB and control groups (143.08 [118.21–168.03] mL/g/min vs. 149.74 ± 28.11 mL/g/min; P = 0.301).
Conclusions: Left anterior descending MBs may lead to anatomic compression and significant changes in CT-FFR and ΔCT-FFR of the left anterior descending artery. However, MBF in the left anterior descending artery territory as quantitatively assessed by adenosine-stress dynamic CT-MPI was not reduced in these patients, which suggests that the CT-FFR and ΔCT-FFR findings overestimated the hemodynamic changes caused by the left anterior descending MBs.
MFAGCN: A Novel Machine Learning Method for Predicting Molecular Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Lin Bangjiang , Yan Shujie , Zhen Bowen
Published: May 2024

In response to the increasing concern over antibiotic resistance and the limitations of traditional methods in antibiotic discovery, we introduce a novel machine learning based method named MFAGCN, which predicts the antimicrobial efficacy of molecules by integrating MACCS molecular fingerprints and molecular graph representations as input features, with a focus on molecular functional groups. MFAGCN incorporates an attention mechanism to assign different weights to the importance of information from different neighboring nodes. Comparative experiments with baseline models on two public datasets demonstrate MFAGCN's superior performance. Additionally, structural similarity analyses with known antibiotics are conducted to prevent the rediscovery of established antibiotics. This approach enables researchers to rapidly screen molecules with potent antimicrobial properties and facilitates the identification of functional groups that influence antimicrobial performance, providing valuable insights for further antibiotic development.
Thermodynamic analysis of heat and mass transfer of strawberry slices in an IoT based solar- infrared dryer
Authors: Khan Shafat Ahmad , Dwivedi Madhuresh , Dar AamirHussain , Singh Sushil Kumar , Sultan Umar , Murakeen Aayat
Published: May 2024

In this study, an IoT based solar- infrared hybrid dryer was designed and drying was carried out for fresh strawberry slices. Infrared energy in combination with the solar energy and its effect has been experimentally evaluated. To determine the structural and thermal performance of the greenhouse solar dryer various parameters such as energy and exergy analysis, performance coefficient, various non dimensionless numbers, mass transfer coefficient and drying efficiency have been calculated. Maximum thermal efficiency of the Infra- Red Green House dryer was achieved as 24.9338% while as under passive mode it was obtained to be 32.607%. For IRGHD, highest exergy efficiency values were calculated as 35.83776% and while 33.401% were obtained for passive mode greenhouse drying. Moisture content of the strawberry samples were reduced from92.8% to8.8%and 9.2% in 600and 660 mins respectively. Drying efficiencies were also calculated giving a highest value of 8.752848% for IRGHD while 5.1782% for passive greenhouse mode depicting an increase in efficiency in the drying system due to additional effect of the infrared energy assistance. The use of IR lamp increases the consumption of energy, however the effect decreases the drying time and helps in retaining better color quality and can be an effective combination under conditions of insufficient solar intensity. FTIR and XRD results also depicted slightly better retention of compounds for active mode of drying ascompared to the passive drying.Total Phenolic compounds and DPPH was also found to be higher in IRGHD mode of drying as compared to the passive drying mode.
Ten-year differences in the prevalence and related factors of depression and suicidal behavior in Korean older adults: A comparison of representative nationwide studies for mental disorders in 2011 and 2021
Authors: Jeon Jae Yeong , Hahm Bong-Jin , Seong Su Jeong , Seo Hwa Yeon , Chang Sung Man , Kim Byung-Soo , An Hyonggin , Jeon Hong Jin , Hong Jin Pyo , Park Jee Eun
Published: May 2024

Purpose As the baby boomer generation moves into old age, the characteristics of the older population are changing. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of depression and suicidal behavior and examine the different impacts of sociodemographic risk factors based on two nationwide cross-sectional studies conducted a decade apart.Methods We compared representative samples of participants aged 60–74 years from two nationwide surveys in 2011 and 2021. Depression and suicidal behavior were assessed using the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, and the prevalence rates were compared according to study year and gender. We used multivariate logistic regression to determine how sociodemographic risk factors affected depression and suicidal behavior in each study period.Results The prevalence of depression in older adults was higher in 2021 than in 2011, with a notable increase among older men. The prevalence of suicidal behavior was slightly decreased but not statistically confirmed. In 2011, being female was the only risk factor for depression; however, several sociodemographic factors, including non-married, low income, and high education level, were identified as risk factors for depression in 2021. The impact of low-income status on both depression and suicidal behavior was twice as much in 2021 as it was in 2011.Conclusion The prevalence of depression has increased compared to a decade ago, especially among older men. Recently, sociodemographic risks have become more important in late-life depression and suicidal behavior. Mental health promotion for older adults needs to consider sociocultural characteristics and environmental changes.
Cattle tuberculosis, farm management, and host species richness in a high prevalence area of Western Spain
Authors: Herrero-García Gloria , Vaz-Rodrigues Rita , Pozo Pilar , Barroso Patricia , Relimpio David , Nacar Jesus , Grau Anna , Minguez Olga , Garcia-Rodriguez Alberto , Balseiro Ana , Gortazar Christian
Published: May 2024

Despite enormous efforts, complete animal tuberculosis (TB) eradication has only been achieved in few regions. Epidemiological analyses are key to identify TB risk factors and set up targeted biosecurity measures. Here, we conducted an in-depth characterization of 84 extensive beef cattle farms from a high TB prevalence region in Western Spain, and assessed how farm management and wildlife presence on farms contribute to cattle TB risk. Twenty-six out of 84 variables were associated with cattle farm TB positivity. Farm management variables associated with TB positivity included older cattle, larger herd size, highly fragmented farm structure and greater connectivity between farms. TB-positive farms provided supplemental feed over a higher number of months, used calf feeders, and had higher number of waterholes. Detecting Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), European badger (Meles meles), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), or Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) on cattle farms was also associated with farm TB positivity. The best ordinal regression model indicated that in farms with a large herd size (> 167 animals) the odds of being positive or recurrently positive (versus negative) was 7.34 (95% CI = 2.43–23.51) times higher that of farms with small herd size. Further, for every additional host species detected in the farm premises, the odds of being TB-positive increased by 56%. We conclude that both cattle management and wildlife need to be targeted for successful TB control in grazing-based farming systems.
Fibroblasts as an in vitro model of circadian genetic and genomic studies
Authors: Francia Marcelo , Bot Merel , Boltz Toni , Hoz Juan F. De La , Boks Marco P. M. , Kahn Rene S. , Ophoff Roel A.
Published: May 2024

Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is a heritable disorder characterized by shifts in mood that manifest in manic or depressive episodes. Clinical studies have identified abnormalities of the circadian system in BD patients as a hallmark of underlying pathophysiology. Fibroblasts are a well-established in vitro model for measuring circadian patterns. We set out to examine the underlying genetic architecture of circadian rhythm in fibroblasts, with the goal to assess its contribution to the polygenic nature of BD disease risk. We collected, from primary cell lines of 6 healthy individuals, temporal genomic features over a 48 hour period from transcriptomic data (RNA-seq) and open chromatin data (ATAC-seq).
Results The RNA-seq data showed that only a limited number of genes, primarily the known core clock genes such as ARNTL, CRY1, PER3, NR1D2 and TEF display circadian patterns of expression consistently across cell cultures. The ATAC-seq data identified that distinct transcription factor families, like those with the basic helix-loop-helix motif, were associated with regions that were increasing in accessibility over time. Whereas known glucocorticoid receptor target motifs were identified in those regions that were decreasing in accessibility.
Further evaluation of these regions using stratified linkage disequilibrium score regression analysis failed to identify a significant presence of them in the known genetic architecture of BD, and other psychiatric disorders or neurobehavioral traits in which the circadian rhythm is affected.
Conclusions In this study, we characterize the biological pathways that are activated in this in vitro circadian model, evaluating the relevance of these processes in the context of the genetic architecture of BD and other disorders, highlighting its limitations and future applications for circadian genomic studies.
Neuroprotective Effects of Metformin on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Modulation of JNK and p38 MAP Kinase Signaling Pathways
Authors: Zhang Shicun , Zou Wei , Leng Yan , Mu Zhuang , Zhan Lan
Published: May 2024

Background: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a common pathological process in stroke, associated with neuronal cell death and neurological dysfunction. Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic drug, has been found to possess various neuroprotective effects. However, its protective role in CIRI and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of metformin on CIRI and the potential mechanisms by which it may modulate the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAP kinase (p38) signaling pathways.
Methods: The impact of metformin on CIRI was assessed by establishing in vitro neuronal cell models of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) and in vivo mouse models of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Cell viability was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8); protein expression levels were analyzed by Western Blot (WB); and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The brain injury area in the animal model was assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining; the activation status of JNK and p38 was detected by WB and phospho-JNK (p-JNK) immunofluorescence staining.
Results: In vitro experiments demonstrated that metformin significantly eHT22nced the viability of cells exposed to OGD/R, reduced apoptosis, and inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK and p38 induced by OGD/R. In vivo experiments showed that metformin treatment significantly reduced the brain injury volume in MCAO mice and inhibited the expression of p-p38 and p-JNK. Additionally, neurological functions were improved in the metformin-treated group.
Prosystemin N-terminal protein fragments mitigate salt stress damages in tomato plants
Authors: Criscuolo Martina Chiara , Castaldi Valeria , Aprile Anna Maria , Rao Rosa , Magliulo Raffaele , Monti Simona Maria , Buonanno Martina , Molisso Donata , Langella Emma , Cirillo Valerio
Published: May 2024

Understanding and exploiting the intrinsic mechanisms of tolerance to multiple stresses in plants is the new frontier of sustainable agriculture, since environmental challenges often occur simultaneously in agricultural systems. We recently identified three fragments, named PS1-70, PS1-120 and G, in the scaffold of prosystemin, the protein precursor of tomato systemin. These protein fragments efficiently protect tomato plants against Botrytis cinerea and Spodoptera littoralis larvae attacks by inducing defence-related genes. Since it was previously demonstrated that prosystemin protects tomato plants also against soil salinity, we analyzed the ability of PS1-70, PS1-120 and G to confer salt tolerance. As expected, the application of 150 mM NaCl induced 24% reduction of shoot fresh weight. The treatment with PS1-70 and G induced 9% and 8% increase of shoot fresh weight. In addition, under salt stress, there is a significant increase in root biomass in treated plants suggesting that the treatment mitigated salt stress. Noteworthy, fragments application improved the growth of shoots, indicating a biostimulant activity on tomato growth. These data correlated with the upregulation of key stress-related genes, (CAT2, APX2, and HSP90), associated with the activation of antioxidant and free radical scavenging reactions in stressed plant cells. Our results add novel tools to the complex problem of sustainable crop protection against different environmental stresses.
"Several Birds with One Stone": Exploring the Potential of AI Methods for Multi-Target Drug Design
Authors: Mukaidaisi Muhetaer , Ahmed Madiha , Grantham Karl , Al-Jumaily Aws , Dedhar Shoukat , Organ Michael , Tchagang Alain , Hou Jinqiang , Ahmed Ejaz , Dividino Renata , Li Yifeng
Published: May 2024

Background: Drug discovery is a time-consuming and expensive process. Artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies have been adopted to cut costs and speed up the drug development process, serving as promising in silico approaches to efficiently design novel drug candidates targeting various health conditions. Most existing AI-driven drug discovery studies follow a single-target approach which focuses on identifying compounds that bind a single target (i.e., one-drug-one-target approach). Polypharmacology is a relatively new concept that takes a systematic approach to search for a compound (or a combination of compounds) that can bind two or more carefully selected protein biomarkers simultaneously to synergistically treat the disease. Recent studies have demonstrated that multi-target drugs offer superior therapeutic potentials compared to single-target drugs. However, it is intuitively thought that searching for multi-target drugs is more challenging than finding single-target drugs. At present, it is unclear how AI approaches perform in designing multi-target drugs.
Results: In this paper, we comprehensively investigated the performance of multi-objective AI approaches for multi-target drug design.
Conclusion: Our findings are quite counterintuitive demonstrating that, in fact, AI approaches for multi-target drug design are able to efficiently generate more high-quality novel compounds than the single-target approaches while satisfying a number of constraints.
Evaluating the clinical utility of apitolisib/ vorinostat combination in apitolisib-resistant H1975 lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hmmier Abduladim , Dowling Paul
Published: May 2024

Background: The PI3K signalling pathway regulates the metabolic activity of cells. Disruption by PI3K inhibitors causes an aerobic/anaerobic imbalance that decreases energy production and cell growth. Cancer cells adapt to PI3K inhibitors in order to reduce their effectiveness. Resistance to apitolisib could be due to intrinsic factors or acquired adaptation. Oncologists often ask whether to discontinue apitolisib, increase its dose, or use a drug combination.
Methods: We observed the proliferation of resistant cells in (H1975R+) and out (H1975R-) of apitolisib treatment, cell cycle pattern, energy phenotyping/reprogramming, and the effects of combining Apitolisib with Vorinostat on the acquired proliferation of H1975R- cells.
Results: The Proliferation of H1975R- cells increased, while that of H1975R+ cells remained suppressed. Both conditions showed a 5x decrease in the number of cells at the Go/G1 phase and doubled at S and G2/M phases (p< 0.0001). H1975R- cell survival was 80% compared with 20% in H975R+ cells treated with 7 μM vorinostat. Vorinostat effectively controlled acquired hyperproliferation of H1975R- cells.
Conclusion: If a tumour becomes unresponsive to apitolisib, it is advisable to continue the inhibitor and consider a combination with non-tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Characterizing the structural complexity of the Earth’s forests with spaceborne lidar
Authors: de Conto Tiago , Dubayah Ralph , Armston John
Published: May 2024

Forest structural complexity is a key element of ecosystem functioning, impacting light environments, nutrient cycling, biodiversity, and habitat quality. Addressing the need for a comprehensive global assessment we derive the first, near-global map of 3D canopy complexity using data from the GEDI spaceborne lidar mission. These data show that tropical forests harbor most of the high complexity observations, while less than 20% of temperate forests reached median levels of tropical complexity. Structural complexity in tropical forests is more strongly related to canopy attributes from lower and middle waveform layers, whereas in temperate forests upper and middle layers are more influential. Globally, forests exhibit robust scaling relationships between complexity and canopy height, but these vary geographically and by biome. Our results offer insights into the spatial distribution of forest structural complexity and emphasize the importance of considering biome-specific and fine-scale variations for ecological research and management applications.
Mensuração da altura por diferentes equipamentos em plantio de Eucalipto
Authors: Urbano Edilson , Pereira Patrick Rodrigues , Cacau Filipe Valadão do Prado , Gouvêa Adriana de Fátima Gomes
Published: May 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo comparar a precisão de determinação de equipamentos para medição de altura quanto a sua precisão. O estudo foi realizado na fazenda experimental da UEMS no município de Aquidauana. Avaliou-se o desempenho dos seguintes equipamentos: Clinômetro Haglöf, aplicativo Smart Tools para Smartphone e o Dendrômetro Criterion RD 1000. Foram realizadas mensuração da altura de 56 árvores de eucalipto (distribuídas em 7 classes diâmétricas). As alturas tomadas com os equipamentos foram comparadas com o método direto (Trena), medido após o corte da planta. Calculou-se o Erro Padrão da Estimativa (Syx%) entre os equipamentos e a medição direta, em seguida analisou-se estatisticamente os dados obtidos. O teste de Bartlet mostrou que as variâncias são homogêneas, atendendo os pressupostos para análise de variância. Na ANOVA não foi encontrada diferença significativa nas medidas obtidas com a trena e os aparelhos, com 95% de probabilidade. O erro padrão da estimativa percentual do clinômetro foi de 5,84%, do aplicativo foi de 7,81% e do dendrômetro de 5,37%, ambos apresentando distribuição gráfica semelhante. O aplicativo apresentou superestimativa um pouco mais acentuada para diâmetro altura do peito entre 20 cm e 25 cm quando comparados aos demais aparelhos. Desta forma, considerando-se a precisão e a igualdade com a trena, é vantajoso o uso dos aparelhos com confiabilidade em inventários florestais, onde o aplicativo destaca-se pelo custo baixo de aquisição quando comparado aos outros equipamentos.
Models of Integrating Modern Technologies into Law Enforcement Activities
Authors: Bahteev Dmitriy , Cvetkova Anna
Published: May 2024

To counteract the development of criminal activity, law enforcement agencies need to employ new technologies. However, the current models of such implementation provide neither competitive advantage nor forensic efficiency. This article describes the existing models of integrating advanced technologies into law enforcement practice, as well as ways of their optimization. The paper considers the best practices and related risks. The authors relied on standard cognition methods and modeling to develop four key models of integrating modern technologies into crime investigation activities, i.e., 1) legislative consolidation, 2) implementation after the effectiveness has been experimentally verified, 3) departmental regulation, 4) independent initiative implementation. Each model demonstrated a number of advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, they proved legal, effective, rational, and based on actual threats and risks. On the other hand, the legislative consolidation process is long: as a result, participants in criminal proceedings risk their rights. Moreover, no objective effectiveness assessment can be provided while scientific recommendations do not correlate with actual practice. The authors proposed a comprehensive model that can adapt to a particular technology. The model presupposes coordinated actions of scientists, practitioners, investigative authorities, and legislators. The article also introduces an algorithm that increases the effectiveness of forensic activities.
Spectral Quasi-Linearization Method for Thixotropic Nanofluid Passing through a Stretching Surface with Activation Energy
Authors: Dingal Anwesha , Mondal Puspita , Kundu Anindya , Ghosh Sharmistha , Mondal Hiranmoy
Published: May 2024

The primary goal of the current investigation is to understand the thixotropic
nanofluid’s magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nonlinear convective flow. The implementation of
appropriate transformations allows for the transition of sets of ordinary differential equations
from partial differential systems. Spectral Quasi-Linearization Method (SQLM) is applied to
solve these ODEs. Further study has been performed in order to establish a model for
nanomaterials containing thermophoresis phenomena and Brownian motion. Graphs are used
to depict and discuss the effects caused due to numerous quantities of fluid flow, temperature,
environment, and nanoparticle concentration. In addition to this, the local Nusselt number, the
skin friction coefficient, as well as the Sherwood number's numerical values, are determined
and examined. Some interesting observations on velocity, heat, and concentration have been
observed due to the variation made in thixotropic parameters and other allied parameters such
as thermophoresis and Brownian motion.
Essential Ayurvedic diagnostic approach of Vrana - A Conceptual Study
Authors: Sejal B. Padvi  , Rajeshkumar Sharma  , Harshit S. Shah
Published: May 2024

Vrana is an interruption of tissue caused by physical, microbial, chemical or immunological or typically associated with loss of function. The rupture of the continuity of body tissue or part of body Skin is also called as a Vrana. Normally wound factors delay wound healing. The presence of infection is one of the important factors which delay the wound healing process. Vrana is a common problem observed in surgical practice nowadays. It is one of the fundamental aspects of Shalyatantra, as a trauma and after surgical procedures (Abhighataj Vrana and Postoperative Vrana) surgeon thinks about healing of wound, so it is important to know about wound and wound healing. Acharya describes Vrana as its different aspects; cause symptoms etc. Vranitagara, method of Vranaraksha Vidhi, various type of Vrana Srava, Dustavrana and Sudhdha Vrana in detail. Sushruta also mentioned Aragwadhadi Gana to treat many types of Dustavrana. Panchendriya Pariksha and Vranasrav with Doshik involvement should be applied to diagnostic purposes. The 6 stages of Vrana as Shat Kriya Kala are helpful for diagnostic assessment. Samprapti is the reason for Roga Gyan and Chikitsa Gyan. That’s the only reason to know detail about Samprapti in Ayurveda. Dustavrana are of 20 types. Also, presence of Dushtavrana can damage the condition of the patient with different complications and may become fatal for him/her.
Ardita and its Ayurvedic Management - A True Story
Authors: Sindhu H.V  , Abdul Khader
Published: May 2024

Ardita is a disease with functional disturbances affecting the Uthamanga (head) and stands close with the symptoms of Bell's palsy. It is narrated as one among the Asheeti Vata Vikaras. It is a condition that develops due to Vata and Kapha Dusti. The present case study was conducted with an objective to find out the effective Ayurvedic management in Bell’s palsy. This report is on a case study of a 29 years old male patient who approached to Kayachikitsa OPD presenting with symptoms of deviation of mouth towards on left side, unable to chew from right side, difficulty in complete closure of right eye, since 1 day. After relevant examinations and screening it was diagnosed as Bell's palsy. This disease though self-resolving some cases remain partially recovered and some may be left with major facial dysfunction. So, the patient was admitted in Sri Kalabyraveshwara Swamy Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital for 10 days and this condition was managed through Panchkarama & palliative treatment. The patient was treated with Mukhabhyanga, Panasa Patra Sweda for 10 days and Nasya Karma for 8 consecutive days. There was no side effect observed during and after the treatment. The patient got complete relief in all symptoms without any residual weakness or deformity within two weeks which is much early than the self-resolving period of 6 months.
Conservative Management of Early Grade Unilateral Reinke's Edema with Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
Authors: Rahardjo Sutji Pratiwi
Published: May 2024

Reinke's edema is described as fluid-filled vocal folds in the Reinke's space. Unilateral cases are uncommon and might caused by gastrointestinal reflux. We report a 61-year-old man with complaints of hoarseness since one year ago, which was getting worse for the past two months. Examination of the reflux symptom index (RSI) obtained a score of 23 and reflux finding score (RFS) score of 11. Examination of the flexible fiber laryngoscopy showed that the right vocal fold size was thicker than the contralateral side, greyish in color, soft, and did not bleed easily. The patient was then given conservative therapy with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), corticosteroids, and mucolytics, accompanied by lifestyle modifications. Clinical improvement was found at four weeks of evaluation. In conclusion, the response to conservative therapy and elimination of risk factors for early-stage Reinke's edema contributes well to disease recovery, particularly those caused by laryngopharyngeal reflux.
The Potential of Shell Extract as a Hemostasis and Wound Healing Agent: A Literature Review
Authors: Erlyn Putri , Irfannuddin Irfannuddin , Murti Krisna , Lesbani Aldes
Published: May 2024

Hemostasis is an emergency medical treatment to reduce pain and patient mortality, therefore research is being developed to find effective hemostasis. The utilization of natural materials for hemostasis and wound healing is rapidly expanding, including chitosan found in shell extracts. Chitosan is obtained from chitin found in the soft shells of marine animals such as squid, shrimp, and crabs, or from hard shells such as clams, crabs, and lobsters. Chitosan offers advantages such as good biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, and has been widely used in biomedical, chemical, food, and cosmetic industries. This literature review aims to investigate the potential of shell extracts, particularly the characteristics of chitosan, in wound healing across hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling stages. The study results indicate that extracts from shells containing chitosan exhibit varying characteristics in terms of molecular weight and degree of deacetylation. Chitosan with higher molecular weight and degree of deacetylation tends to yield better outcomes in hemostasis and wound healing. The material is effective in reducing antithrombin, enhancing blood clotting processes, and aiding clot formation. Increased molecular weight contributes to stimulating various cytokines, such as TNF-α, TGF-ß1, and FGF2, which play a key role in the wound healing process. Additionally, higher degree of deacetylation chitosan is effective in stimulating fibroblast proliferation. Chitosan also influences VEGF in inducing angiogenesis and enhancing neovascularization in bone healing. Chitosan from shell extracts with certain molecular weight characteristics and degree of deacetylation has the potential to be the material of choice for accelerating hemostasis and wound healing.
Correlation between the Degree of Psychological Stress with Pain Intensity in Tension-Type Headache Patients
Authors: Pambudi Pagan , Sidabutar Oktaviana
Published: May 2024

Tension-Type Headache (TTH) is a critical health problem, particularly in Indonesia, with psychological stress being the most recognized contributing factor. The mechanism by which stress contributes to TTH is not fully understood, but stress has been found to increase pain sensitivity in peripheral or central patients with TTH, alongside the influence of biopsychosocial factors in different individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between the degree of psychological stress and pain intensity in patients with TTH at Dr. H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin General Hospital. This observational analytic study was carried out using a cross-sectional approach and the 30 samples employed were taken through a systematic random sampling technique. The data was analyzed using Spearman's test. Our result showed that 63.33% of patients had mild stress, while 36.67% were moderate. In the mild stress group, there were 15.79% mild pain, 73.68% moderate pain, and 10.53% severe pain. Meanwhile, in the moderate stress group, 72.73% reported moderate pain, and 27.27% had severe pain. In conclusion, this study indicated there was a correlation between the degree of psychological stress and the intensity of pain in TTH patients, despite not statistically significant (p=0.102 and R=0.304).
The Characteristics of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia Patients at Dr. T.C. Hillers Regional Hospital Maumere
Authors: Sentosa I Gede Bagus , Kurniawan Rommy Andika , Conterius Advent CT
Published: May 2024

Preeclampsia can occur from the time the mother is pregnant until 48 hours to 6 weeks after giving birth and is associated with an increased complication rate of 2-8% during pregnancy, contributing to 9 - 26% of maternal deaths. This condition can have significant prolonged effects on both the mother and the baby. Considering the high rates of morbidity and mortality in mothers and babies due to preeclampsia, this study aims to understand the characteristics of patients with preeclampsia at T.C. Hillers Regional Hospital of Maumere within the period of January 1st to December 31st, 2022. This study is a retrospective descriptive study using secondary data. The data collection was performed on patients diagnosed with preeclampsia and eclampsia during the study period. The results showed that most participants were between 20-34 years old, had a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 25, multigravida (had multiple pregnancies), housewives, High School graduates, and had a history of chronic hypertension. Based on risk factors, 35.5% of the subjects were ≥ 35 years old, 31% were primigravida (first-time pregnant), 26% were obese, 21% had a history of hypertension in previous pregnancies, 10,5% had chronic hypertension, 3% had multiple gestations, 1% of the subjects had a pregnancy interval >10 years, and 0.5% had diabetes mellitus. This study provides an overview of the characteristics and risk factors of pregnant women with preeclampsia in Maumere.
The First Experience and Benefits of the 12-week VIVIFRAIL Exercise and Its Workout Music Selection for Elder Adults in the Community of Ardirejo, Kepanjen
Authors: Soenarti Sri , Kurniawati Victoria Maya , Zakiya Fifi Afifatus , Pramesta Marshanda Shella , Sulistyaningsih Rita , Lestari Harien , Amalia Iftinan , Marintan Silmy
Published: May 2024

The VIVIFRAIL program is an Multi Component Physical Exercise (MPC) program which includes strength trainings, aerobics, gait trainings, balance and flexibility exercises tailored for each individual, and designed to facilitate evidence-based exercise interventions for elder adults. This program, which is unprecedented in Indonesia, is targeting elder adults in the pre-frail stage who are aiming for robust or fit status. This study utilizes a qualitative method with 15 older adults as the respondents. The data was collected from semi-structured interviews to encourage respondents to openly share their experience on the VIVIFRAIL program. The Consolidate criteria for Reporting Qualitative research (COREQ) method is used for reporting. The objective of this study is to find out the elderly's first experience of participating in VIVIFRAIL exercise and its benefits in returning the elderly's physical performance to robust or fit status as well as the selection of accompanying music during the 12 week exercise in the Ward Area of Ardirejo, Kepanjen District. The results showed that our respondents experienced positive feeling and felt physically fit and fresh. They could also monitor their blood pressure and train their balance to avoid falling. Moreover, after getting the benefit, respondents expected that the program could be continued. As for the workout music selection, respondents chose Javanese traditional music (gending), dangdut/koplo, local music, campursari, oldies songs, and Malangan songs for accompanying their exercise. In conclusion, after participating in the VIVIFRAIL program for 12 weeks, the respondents felt positive and physically fit and fresh.
Online Medical Consultation Service–Oriented Recommendations: Systematic Review
Authors: Jiang Hongxun , Mi Ziyue , Xu Wei
Published: May 2024

Background

Online health communities have given rise to a new e-service known as online medical consultations (OMCs), enabling remote interactions between physicians and patients. To address challenges, such as patient information overload and uneven distribution of physician visits, online health communities should develop OMC-oriented recommenders.

Objective

We aimed to comprehensively investigate what paradigms lead to the success of OMC-oriented recommendations.

Methods

A literature search was conducted through e-databases, including PubMed, ACM Digital Library, Springer, and ScienceDirect, from January 2011 to December 2023. This review included all papers directly and indirectly related to the topic of health care–related recommendations for online services.

Results

The search identified 611 articles, of which 26 (4.3%) met the inclusion criteria. Despite the growing academic interest in OMC recommendations, there remains a lack of consensus among researchers on the definition of e-service–oriented recommenders. The discussion highlighted 3 key factors influencing recommender success: features, algorithms, and metrics. It advocated for moving beyond traditional e-commerce–oriented recommenders to establish an innovative theoretical framework for e-service–oriented recommenders and addresses critical technical issues regarding 2-sided personalized recommendations.

Conclusions

This review underscores the essence of e-services, particularly in knowledge- and labor-intensive domains such as OMCs, where patients seek interpretable recommendations due to their lack of domain knowledge and physicians must balance their energy levels to avoid overworking. Our study’s findings shed light on the importance of customizing e-service–oriented personalized recommendations to meet the distinct expectations of 2-sided users considering their cognitive abilities, decision-making perspectives, and preferences. To achieve this, a paradigm shift is essential to develop unique attributes and explore distinct content tailored for both parties involved.
5G Key Technologies for Helicopter Aviation Medical Rescue
Authors: Han Sr Wei , Li 2nd Yuanting , Chen 3rd Changgen , Huang Danni , Wang Junchao , Li Xiang , Ji Zhongliang , Li Qin , Li Zhuang
Published: May 2024

Rapid global population growth and urbanization have heightened the demand for emergency medical rescue, with helicopter medical rescue emerging as an effective solution. The advent of 5G communication technology, characterized by large bandwidth, low latency, and high reliability, offers substantial promise in enhancing the efficiency and quality of helicopter rescue operations. However, the full integration of 5G technology into helicopter emergency medical services is still in its nascent stages and requires further development. In this viewpoint, we present our experience from the Shenzhen University General Hospital of the application of 5G low-altitude network communication technology, body area network disease sensing technology, and 5G air-ground collaborative rapid diagnosis and treatment technology in aeromedical rescue. We consider that the 5G air-to-ground collaborative rapid diagnosis and treatment technology enables high-quality remote consultation, enhancing emergency medical rescue and providing strong support for future rescue operations.
Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents’ Preferences for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Social Marketing Campaigns: Qualitative Preimplementation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Macapagal Kathryn , Zapata Juan Pablo , Ma Junye , Gordon Jacob D , Owens Christopher , Valadez-Tapia Silvia , Cummings Peter , Walter Nathan , Pickett Jim
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) adolescents in the United States are disproportionately affected by HIV. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective biomedical HIV prevention method, but its awareness and uptake among SGM adolescents are low. There are no adolescent-centered PrEP social marketing campaigns in the United States that have the potential to increase awareness and interest in PrEP.

OBJECTIVE

To address this gap, this qualitative study aims to examine SGM adolescents’ needs and preferences regarding adolescent-centered PrEP social marketing campaigns.

METHODS

SGM adolescents from Chicago and its surrounding areas participated in web-based asynchronous focus groups from February to May 2021. Questions elicited their preferences for content, design, and delivery of SGM adolescent–centered PrEP campaigns. We used rapid qualitative data analysis and organized the findings around key components of social marketing, known as the 4 Ps: product, price, place, and promotion.

RESULTS

Participants (N=56) were aged 14 to 19 years (mean 18.16, SD 1.22 y), and 64% (36/56) of them identified as a racial or ethnic minority. Among the 56 participants, 70% (n=39) were aware of PrEP; however, 95% (n=53) did not know that PrEP could be prescribed to those aged under 18 years. Adolescents expressed a need for PrEP campaign messaging that provides simple, accurate, and easily accessible information (eg, what is PrEP, for whom PrEP is indicated, and where and how to access PrEP). For product and price, SGM adolescents wanted a campaign to address barriers to, costs of, and how to access PrEP and desired to know about other adolescents’ PrEP experiences to improve campaign relatability. For place and promotion, participants preferred digital campaigns on social media to reduce the possibility of embarrassment and stigma and increase the accessibility of health content.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings lay the groundwork for designing adolescent-centered educational PrEP campaigns that prioritize both user preferences in PrEP marketing design and strategies to overcome common barriers to PrEP awareness.
Smoking Behavior Change and the Risk of Heart Failure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (Preprint)
Authors: Malinovská Jana , Michalec Juraj , Brož Jan
Published: May 2024

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