bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptation, Commissioning, and Evaluation of a 3D Treatment Planning System for High-Resolution Small-Animal Irradiation
Authors: Jeong Jeho , Chen Qing , Febo Robert , Yang Jie , Pham Hai , Xiong Jian-Ping , Zanzonico Pat B. , Deasy Joseph O. , Humm John L. , Mageras Gig S.
Published: May 2015

Although spatially precise systems are now available for small-animal irradiations, there are currently limited software tools available for treatment planning for such irradiations. We report on the adaptation, commissioning, and evaluation of a 3-dimensional treatment planning system for use with a small-animal irradiation system. The 225-kV X-ray beam of the X-RAD 225Cx microirradiator (Precision X-Ray) was commissioned using both ion-chamber and radiochromic film for 10 different collimators ranging in field size from 1 mm in diameter to 40 × 40 mm2. A clinical 3-dimensional treatment planning system (Metropolis) developed at our institution was adapted to small-animal irradiation by making it compatible with the dimensions of mice and rats, modeling the microirradiator beam orientations and collimators, and incorporating the measured beam data for dose calculation. Dose calculations in Metropolis were verified by comparison with measurements in phantoms. Treatment plans for irradiation of a tumor-bearing mouse were generated with both the Metropolis and the vendor-supplied software. The calculated beam-on times and the plan evaluation tools were compared. The dose rate at the central axis ranges from 74 to 365 cGy/min depending on the collimator size. Doses calculated with Metropolis agreed with phantom measurements within 3% for all collimators. The beam-on times calculated by Metropolis and the vendor-supplied software agreed within 1% at the isocenter. The modified 3-dimensional treatment planning system provides better visualization of the relationship between the X-ray beams and the small-animal anatomy as well as more complete dosimetric information on target tissues and organs at risk. It thereby enhances the potential of image-guided microirradiator systems for evaluation of dose–response relationships and for preclinical experimentation generally.
Revisiting the ‘self-medication’ hypothesis in light of the new data linking low striatal dopamine to comorbid addictive behavior
Authors: Awad A. George , Voruganti Lakshmi L.N.P.
Published: May 2015

Persons with schizophrenia are at a high risk, almost 4.6 times more likely, of having drug abuse problems than persons without psychiatric illness. Among the influential proposals to explain such a high comorbidity rate, the ‘self-medication hypothesis’ proposed that persons with schizophrenia take to drugs in an effort to cope with the illness and medication side effects. In support of the self-medication hypothesis, data from our earlier clinical study confirmed the strong association between neuroleptic dysphoria and negative subjective responses and comorbid drug abuse. Though dopamine has been consistently suspected as one of the major culprits for the development of neuroleptic dysphoria, it is only recently our neuroimaging studies correlated the emergence of neuroleptic dysphoria to the low level of striatal dopamine functioning. Similarly, more evidence has recently emerged linking low striatal dopamine with the development of vulnerability for drug addictive states in schizophrenia. The convergence of evidence from both the dysphoria and comorbidity research, implicating the role of low striatal dopamine in both conditions, has led us to propose that the person with schizophrenia who develops dysphoria and comorbid addictive disorder is likely to be one and the same.
Catholic Education and Scottish Democracy
Authors: Paterson Lindsay
Published: May 2015

CATHOLIC SCHOOLS IN Scotland have successfully helped to integrate the Catholic community into the social mainstream. But this very success forces them to re-examine their social and political role, especially with the advent of the new Scottish parliament. They are no longer a bastion against discrimination, because discrimination has all but vanished. Neither, in a secular and multi-cultural society, can they find sufficient justification as the main institutional means of maintaining a distinctive way of life. But they could find a coherent social purpose in the contribution they make to social capital and, thereby, to renewing Scottish democracy.
The Interpretation of Religious Education Legislation: A Case Study
Authors: Thompson Penny
Published: May 2015

WHEN ATTEMPTS ARE made through legislation to determine the ways in which Religious Education is taught, the laws that are enacted may be interpreted in ways that are contrary to the intentions of those who draft them. Government education departments may even choose to disregard these intentions. The battle for control of Religious Education in England and Wales following the coming into effect of the 1988 Education Reform Act provides a case study that shows how this may happen.
Working Paper 36, Christian Confessionalism and Phenomenological Religious Education
Authors: Barnes L. Philip
Published: May 2015

IT IS NOW over thirty years since the publication of the Schools' Council, Working Paper 36: Religious Education in the Secondary School. It is widely regarded as one of the most influential documents on British religious education in the post-war era. The aim of this paper is to reassess and re-evaluate Working Paper 36's central arguments: (1) its critique of Christian confessionalism in education; (2) its advocacy of a phenomenological approach to religious education; and (3) its strategy for developing tolerance among adherents of different religions or none. I conclude that the central arguments of Working Paper 36 are much less robust than is believed by many contemporary commentators on religious education.
A Lutheran Perspective on Education
Authors: Sandsmark Signe
Published: May 2015

THIS PAPER GIVES an account of some aspects of Christian education that are emphasized in Lutheran thinking on education. One of these aspects is a focus on education for everybody, not only Christians, another is the place of paradox and polar structure both in the theology and in the educational thinking. Maybe the most important paradox in this context is what Luther called the model of the two governments. The paper also mentions human finitude as a strongly emphasized aspect, and finally there are some thoughts about how a Lutheran perspective influences the curriculum.
Balancing Tolerance, Autonomy and a Framework for Social Cohesion
Authors: Pearson Tim
Published: May 2015

JOHN HULL'S LIBERAL model of religious education offers a diagnosis of the aspects of religion that are sources of intolerance, and a programme for their deconstruction and removal. He sanctions a certain level of intervention in the religious development of students in order to fulfil the central liberal objective of producing harmony in diversity. This article argues that there are problems with the legitimacy of this programme of intervention because there are fundamental flaws in the theory of knowledge through which Hull's system is justified. These flaws lead to an unnecessary restriction of both student autonomy and the autonomous self-understanding of religious traditions. However, it is possible to replace Hull's qualified modernism with a more adequate and more postmodern epistemology without losing what is valuable in its liberal objectives. Andrew Wright's critical realist theory accepts the contingent nature of rationality and its ramifications, provides a potentially unifying system for social cohesion, and returns to students and religious traditions alike appropriate forms of autonomy.
Curiosity: Vice or Virtue for the Christian Teacher? Promoting Faithfulness to Scripture in Teacher Formation
Authors: Cooling Trevor
Published: May 2015

MOST OF THOSE with responsibility for preparing Christian students for the ministry of teaching will agree that enabling them to be faithful to biblical teaching is a fundamentally important aim. It is suggested that two models of being faithful can be identified. The first emphasises faithful replication, the second emphasises theological contextualisation. Traditionally a replication model has been promoted but in this article it is suggested that the contextualisation model is to be preferred. Building on this suggestion, it is argued that the virtue of theological curiosity should be promoted in the formation of Christian teachers.
Learning to Read with Augustine of Hippo
Authors: Rine C. Rebecca
Published: May 2015

THE CONFESSIONS OF Augustine of Hippo can be read as a lesson in reading, one in which Augustine teaches by example as well as precept. Throughout this work, the relationship between faith and reading is clearly on Augustine's mind, as is his desire to teach others what he has learned. As we consider our own approaches to the confluence of faith, reading, and teaching, we have much to learn from Augustine's narrative self-portrait of himself as reader. After reviewing aspects of this self-portrait, its implications for Augustine's approach to reading and for our own reading and teaching practices are considered.
Clarifying “Faith-Learning Integration”: Essentially Contested Concepts and the Concept-Conception Distinction
Authors: Badley Ken
Published: May 2015

THE LANGUAGE OF “faith-learning integration” remains popular among evangelical educators in both K-12 and higher education. Some observers suggest for theological and educational reasons that Christan educators replace integration language with other language. Even its advocates do not agree on what would count as integration. This article suggests that both the concept-conception distinction and W. B. Gallie's category of an essentially contested concept shed light on the phrase. If faith-learning integration is an essentially contested concept, or is a concept subject to conception-building, then Christian educators may never agree on what counts as a paradigm case.
Character Formation: A Forgotten Theme of Comenius's Didactics
Authors: Hábl Jan
Published: May 2015

THE GOAL OF this brief study is to present Comenius's notion of character formation as it is outlined primarily in his didactic writings, and to show its relevance for contemporary practice in relation to moral education. The Czech Jan Amos Comenius was a 17th-century Brethren bishop, philosopher, and educator who is celebrated especially for his timeless didactic principles, which earned him the epithet “the teacher of nations.” The subgoal of this paper is to explain why Comenius's concept of moral education has been neglected in Czech modern Comeniological research biased by Communist ideology.
Research Paradigms and Their Use and Importance in Theological Inquiry and Education
Authors: Mittwede Steven K.
Published: May 2015

A SURVEY AND analysis of four major research paradigms—positivism, postpositivism, critical theory and constructivism—reveal that all have been applied effectively in recent theological inquiry. Although these paradigms might resemble worldviews to some extent, they are not so all-encompassing. Rather, they are essentially matrices of deeply held assumptions or conceptual frameworks that undergird and guide research, in this case, theological method. A three-step approach—one that applauds a willingness to examine and blend research paradigms—is recommended in so far as it may, in some cases, best maintain a commitment to faithful dealing with the biblical record and, hence, to truth-seeking—both in the direct theological endeavour and in theological education, both formal and informal.
Educating Desire and Imagination in a “Faith in the World” Seminar
Authors: Phelps Matt , Waalkes Scott
Published: May 2015

RECENT CONVERSATIONS about Christian teaching and learning have discussed educating students' imaginations and desires. But how might one begin to educate desire and imagination? To answer, we narrate the experience of teaching a course, Living Well in a Car Culture, within a general education seminar required of all fourth-year students at a small Christian university in the United States. Our goals were for students to recognize how they have been shaped by car culture, to reimagine their participation in it, and to imagine and practice alternative ways of living. Course outcomes are illustrated with examples from students' written work.
Prioritizing Children's Spirituality in the Context of Church of England Schools: Understanding the Tensions
Authors: Lumb Anne
Published: May 2015

In the UK, inspectors are asked to judge how far schools support children's spiritual development. Church schools are subject to the differing expectations of a dual inspection system which introduces a tension between the Ofsted (Office for Standards in Education) prioritization of control and performativity and the SIAMS (Statutory Inspection of Anglican and Methodist Schools) prioritization of creativity and spirituality. This paper derives from a year-long study in a Church of England Primary School where meeting the requirements of these inspection systems to maintain high academic standards and provide space for children to explore spirituality created tensions and complexities. The paper presents a Bernsteinian analysis of the school's learning environment which elucidates the tensions within which headteachers and their staff operate and indicates the kind of support that church school leaders require if they are to respond to the demands of this ‘double tension’.
Postmodernism and Teacher Education Programmes in Christian Colleges
Authors: Van Brummelen Harro
Published: May 2015

WITH THE DECLINE of a modernist techno-rationalist view of knowledge, teachers are no longer knowledge dispensers but dialogue facilitators who reject the notion of one ‘right’ view. Although postmodernism comes in a variety of forms e.g constructivism, it does have some central features. There are both strengths and weaknesses in the postmodernist approach to life and in the way it applies to education. Christian teacher education programmes should be transformative, vital and transcendent, based in a vision of humanity which rejects both the oppressive impotence of modem scientism and the ego-exalting autonomy of postmodernity.
Three Phases of Religious Education: Learning, Evaluation and Commitment
Authors: Attfield David G
Published: May 2015

RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IS analysed into three phases: Learning, Evaluation and Commitment. What has to be learned has logical priority and is to be understood in terms of a basic conception, in several dimensions, of world-faiths, abstracted from the living religions a pupil meets. What is learnt can then be evaluated, both as a personal life-option and/or as one making factual claims about the universe. On the latter alternative evaluation becomes the application of truth-criteria and a scheme of such criteria is set out and defended. Pupils finally need to know what is involved in proceeding from belief to a substantive faith commitment, if they should so desire. Teachers should also encourage pupils in a commitment to religious reflection as a life-long quest.
Fundamentalism and Evangelicals - and Education
Authors: Shortt John
Published: May 2015

THIS REVIEW ARTICLE outlines the contents of Fundamentalism and Evangelicals by Harriet Harris. It deals in particular with her account of a ‘fundamentalist mentality’ which, she says, has a widespread and powerful influence upon evangelicals. In response, it is proposed that commitment need not mean a deficiency in openness to criticism. It is also proposed that the theme of Reformed Epistemology that focuses on God speaking through the scriptures provides a way towards a more adequate view of the Bible and approach to apologetics than those which Harris criticises. The article concludes with some remarks on the significance of this discussion for thinking about education.
Thermal behaviour of alum-(K) KAl(SO4)2·12H2O fromin situlaboratory high-temperature powder X-ray diffraction data: thermal expansion and modelling of the sulfate orientational disorder
Authors: Ballirano Paolo
Published: May 2015

The present work analyses the thermal behaviour of alum-(K), KAl(SO4)2·12H2O, by in situ laboratory high-temperature powder X-ray diffraction data from 303 K to melting, which starts at 355 K and is completed, due to kinetics, at 359 K. The calculated a0linear thermal expansion coefficient is of 14.68(11) × 10–6K–1within the investigated thermal range. Thekdisorder parameter, describing the extension of the orientational disorder of the sulfate group, has been found to decrease from ∼0.70 to ∼0.65 just before melting. It has been demonstrated that the occurrence of the disorder implies the coexistence of K+ions in both six- and seven-fold coordination. This is necessary for assigning a reasonable bond-valence sum of 0.81 valence units (vu) to the 'average' K+ion a instead of 0.66 vu, which is obtained in the case of six-fold coordination alone. We can describe the temperature dependence of k from 93–355Kby means of the empirical equation k = 0.798(12) + 2.5(11) × 10–4T– 1.9(2) × 10–6T2, which includes reference low-temperature data. Bond-valence analysis has shown that, on cooling, an increase of thekdisorder parameter and shortening of the K–O2bond distance act together to maintain constancy in the bond-valence sum at the K site, stabilizing the structure. Therefore, the need for keeping the 'average' K+ion at a reasonable bond-valence sum appears to be the driving force for the ordering process involving the sulfate group.
A deliberative approach to valuation and precautionary management of cold water corals in Norway
Authors: Falk-Andersson Jannike , Foley Naomi S , Armstrong Claire W , van den Hove Sybille , van Rensburg Thomas M , Tinch Rob
Published: May 2015

This paper explores management challenges in relation to human impacts on cold water corals (CWC) in Norway. CWC are a slow growing organism about which there is uncertainty regarding distribution and values. We discuss area closures to protect this environmental public good against destructive fishing practices. Focus groups were combined with questionnaires to inform precautionary management measures that can be used to protect known CWC as well as areas where CWC are thought to exist. The research finds that respondents believe CWC are valuable and should be protected, but that this requires information on their presence and importance. Furthermore, priorities for protecting CWC differed between group discussions and the questionnaire responses. Use-values, particularly habitat supporting fish production, dominated the focus group discussions, while non-use and intrinsic values were emphasised in the questionnaire responses. Respondents rejected the use of the precautionary measure of temporary closures to gain information on CWC presence. Reasons were costs to fishers, and the rejection of the premise that precautionary closures would prevent further damage. This study shows that both use- and non-use values are effective arguments motivating people to support policies for nature protection. However, they are not sufficient to motivate support for precautionary measures that would provide significant but uncertain benefits for known costs. To motivate support for precautionary policies, there is a need to communicate better the types of organisms, services and values that may be lost without protection.
Militarizing Dollar Diplomacy in the Early Twentieth-Century Dominican Republic: Centralization and Resistance
Authors: Tillman Ellen D.
Published: May 2015

In the early 1900s, the US government experimented with what they saw as a progressive style of influence in the Dominican Republic. While the Roosevelt and Taft administrations sought alternatives to armed intervention, US officers serving as diplomats pushed for more direct military control, through projects such as the creation of a US-officered frontier guard. Established in 1905 to police revenue along the Dominican-Haitian border, this unique organization had neither precedent nor sanction in international law, but it demonstrated the makeshift Caribbean policy of an expanding United States — and how this expansion gradually militarized diplomacy. Paternalist discourse and rapid economic change perpetuated internal strife, eventually contributing to bloody civil war and outright US military occupation (1916–1924). This article explores the development of the frontier guard and interventionism, focusing on the roles of Dominican economic and political change and contemporary US expansionist ideology, with its goal of exporting US-style democratic institutions.
Capitalism’s Wishful Thinking
Authors: Cohen-Vrignaud Gerard
Published: May 2015

The magical orientalism that saturates Honoré de Balzac’s Peau de chagrin (1831), seemingly at odds with its author’s reputation for sociological realism, indicts the capitalist ambitions ushered in by France’s bourgeois July Monarchy. Balzac’s ironic orientalization of Paris demystifies the bildungsroman’s typically self-made protagonist by foregrounding how the probabilistic attribution of causal force to the human will resembles predestinarian belief in divine determination. The Eastern wish-fulfilling skin of Balzac’s title at once hyperbolizes the liberal fantasy of world-changing power and skeptically suggests that all aspirations to agency entail a leap of faith.
Sin and Structure inPiers Plowman: On the Medieval Split Subject
Authors: Miller Mark
Published: May 2015

The inevitable emerges in this issue as a name for the troubled intersection of agency and structural necessity. The most prominent medieval name for that intersection is sin. Far from grounding the medieval subject in a set of theological norms that give it stable coordinates for desire and action, sin indicates the subject’s splitting by the norms that organize it. Piers Plowman, which explores the medieval split subject through formal experimentation, repeatedly encounters the demands of political, ethical, economic, and spiritual life and repeatedly problematizes all its terms for representing the subject’s responsibility to those demands. The death drive offers a way of describing the trajectory of desire beyond anything representable, a trajectory that finds its most direct expression in the poem’s apocalyptic energies. But Piers Plowman treats even the apocalypse as an anticlimactic avoidance of the bind of desire. If desire drives beyond any terms in which its target can be represented, what compels William Langland is finally the unrelenting character of the demands to which the subject can never be adequate.
Satire and the “Inevitability Effect”: The Structure of Utopian Fiction from Looking Backward to Portlandia
Authors: Courtemanche Eleanor
Published: May 2015

In the late nineteenth century the literary genre of utopia enjoyed a boom inspired by the success of Edward Bellamy’s 1888 Looking Backward, 2000–1887. These stories, including novels by William Morris and H. G. Wells, often featured a cicerone who explained how disordered nineteenth-century societies were transformed into superior future worlds. Because this utopian didacticism, inspired by Karl Marx, fell quickly out of fashion and was parodied ruthlessly by twentieth-century dystopias, it is hard to imagine how the form could be revived. However, the TV show Portlandia, which premiered in 2011, avoids the future-oriented “inevitability effect” of the fin de siècle utopias by returning to an earlier moment in the utopian genre: the satirizing of a society somewhere on Earth. Portlandia presents a lightly fictionalized version of Portland, Oregon, as a happy, inclusive, and prosperous town whose inhabitants are free to pursue their visions. Its “cringe comedy” satire of self-involvement complicates, but does not substantially undermine, its depiction of a peaceful alternative to the militarized American imagination of the early 2000s.
Talal Asad
Authors: Ahmad Irfan
Published: May 2015

Anthropologist Talal Asad, interviewed by Irfan Ahmad, talks about his conceptual engagement with the outcomes of religion, politics, and the past and his work to problematize a “seamless web” view of history’s unfolding.
Leaky States: Water Audits, Ignorance, and the Politics of Infrastructure
Authors: Anand Nikhil
Published: May 2015

In this article I explore the political and technical controversies of measuring water leakages in Mumbai to demonstrate how the dense historical accretions of technology, material, and social life that form hydraulic infrastructures in Mumbai trouble the audit cultures of neoliberal government. While scholars have recently drawn attention to the generativity of ignorance in the making of the state, in this article I argue that ignorance is not only a technology of politics, produced and managed by municipal water engineers and their subjects. Leakages, and the ignorances of leakages, are also enabled by the vital materiality of the city’s infrastructure. As engineers work hard to improvise resolutions to the leakages they can fix, and ignore the thousands of others they cannot, the processes of leakage always exceed the control of the city’s government. As such, the uncertain appearances of leakage in Mumbai not only provide the grounds for the work of the state. Leakages also constantly disrupt governmental projects in ways that make the water department vulnerable both to the claims of marginalized subjects and to new reform projects in the city.
Regulation of lipid droplet dynamics in Saccharomyces cerevisiae depends on the Rab7-like Ypt7p, HOPS complex and V1-ATPase
Authors: Bouchez Isabelle , Pouteaux Marie , Canonge Michel , Genet Mélanie , Chardot Thierry , Guillot Alain , Froissard Marine
Published: May 2015

It has now been clearly shown that lipid droplets (LDs) play a dynamic role in the cell. This was reinforced by LD proteomics which suggest that a significant number of trafficking proteins are associated with this organelle. Using microscopy, we showed that LDs partly co-localize with the vacuole in S. cerevisiae. Immunoblot experiments confirmed the association of the vacuolar Rab GTPase Rab7-like Ypt7p with LDs. We observed an increase in fatty acid content and LD number in ypt7Δ mutant and also changes in LD morphology and intra LD fusions, revealing a direct role for Ypt7p in LD dynamics. Using co-immunoprecipitation, we isolated potential Ypt7p partners including, Vma13p, the H subunit of the V1 part of the vacuolar (H+) ATPase (V-ATPase). Deletion of the VMA13 gene, as well as deletion of three other subunits of the V1 part of the V-ATPase, also increased the cell fatty acid content and LD number. Mutants of the Homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS) complex showed similar phenotypes. Here, we demonstrated that LD dynamics and membrane trafficking between the vacuole and LDs are regulated by the Rab7-like Ypt7p and are impaired when the HOPS complex and the V1 domain of the V-ATPase are defective.
Oxidative Intramolecular C–C Bond Formation Reaction of 1,2-Bis(pyren-2-yl)benzene: Synthesis and Characterization of Benzodinaphthopentaphene
Authors: Yamashita Ken-ichi , Nakamura Akihiro , Hossain Md Awlad , Hirabayashi Kazunori , Shimizu Toshio , Sugiura Ken-ichi
Published: May 2015

An intramolecular oxidative C–C bond formation reaction of a 1,2-bis(pyren-2-yl)benzene derivative gave benzodinaphthopentaphene, a new polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. Its expanded π-system induced a bathochromic shift in the absorption spectrum and amphoteric multi redox processes in electrochemistry. Furthermore, the [5]helicene moiety of the molecule induced helical chirality.
Preparation of Supported LaMnO3 Catalysts by Selective Deposition on Alumina and Their Catalytic Activity for Propane Oxidation
Authors: Asada Teruaki , Kusaba Hajime , Einaga Hisahiro , Teraoka Yasutake
Published: May 2015

Alumina-supported LaMnO3 (LaMnO3/Al2O3) catalysts with various dispersion and locations were prepared by utilizing the alumina pore structures. LaMnO3 perovskite oxides were selectively deposited in and/or outside the pore of γ-Al2O3 support by controlling the deposition methods. The LaMnO3/Al2O3 catalysts were characterized and their catalytic activities for propane oxidation were investigated. X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, and catalytic studies confirmed the formation of a perovskite structure on the alumina support. The catalytic activity for propane oxidation strongly depended on the preparation method, and the perovskite catalysts deposited in the inside pore of alumina exhibited higher activity than those deposited on the outside pore of alumina. The surface area of perovskite oxides on support was quantitatively evaluated by temperature-programmed desorption of CO2. The trend for the surface areas of LaMnO3 on γ-Al2O3 estimated by the method was consistent with the trend of the rate for complete propane oxidation normalized by catalyst weight, whereas the rate normalized by the surface area of perovskite oxide was almost independent of the dispersion, crystallite sizes, and deposition methods. The activity of LaMnO3/Al2O3 with the intrapore deposition was almost independent of calcination temperatures ranging from 650 to 1000 °C, in marked contrast with the extrapore deposition catalysts, whose activities greatly decreased with increasing calcination temperatures. For the intrapore deposition catalysts, the highest activities were obtained when the loading level was 20 wt % and decreased with a further increase in the loading level. At high loading levels (40 wt %), extrapore deposition of LaMnO3 on the intrapore deposition catalysts improved their activities for propane oxidation.
Sustainability of Economic Growth in Regions of Russia in the Pre-Crisis Period
Authors: Басовский  , Basovskiy Leonid , Басовская  , Basovskaya Elena
Published: May 2015

Econometric evaluation of economic growth sustainability of various regions

is provided. As it is stated, for the period of 1998–2012 economies of the North

Caucasian and the Far Eastern federal districts tended to develop more sustainably,

while economies of the Central and the Urals federal districts tended to

develop less sustainably. Within the North Caucasian federal region, it was the

Kabardino-Balkar Republic, that showed the most sustainable economic growth.

Similarly, during the same period the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) within the Far

East federal district, the Krasnoyarsk Region within the Siberian federal district,

the Leningrad Region within the North-West federal district and the Republic of

Adygea within the Southern federal district were leaders in terms of sustainable

development within their federal districts. As for the Volga federal district,

the most sustainable economic growth was observed in the Republic of

Bashkortostan; within the Urals federal district the most sustainable growth was

observed in the Sverdlovsk Region and within the Central federal district —

in Belgorod Region. The need to differentiate anti-crisis economic policy towards

separate regions, dependant on the propensity of a regional economic system for

sustainable economic growth, is emphasized.
Study of Statistical Methods for Analyzing Dynamics of Nonlinear Economic Systems
Authors: Гришина  , Grishina Svetlana
Published: May 2015

The possibility to use approximate and rigorous methods for analyzing the dynamics of nonlinear economic systems is considered.
Microfine toe caps: an innovative and cost-saving solution
Authors: Elwell Rebecca , Wigg Jane
Published: May 2015

This article discusses the use of Microfine toe caps (Haddenham, UK) for the treatment of digit swelling. It will discuss the indications and contraindications of the device and offers some case studies where toe caps have been used in clinical practice. The use of the Microfine toe cap offers an alternative to toe bandaging, has many different applications and can be safe and time-saving to apply when used appropriately following a full and holistic assessment.
An overview of heart failure for HCA practice
Authors: Hayes Catherine
Published: May 2015

This article provides an underpinning knowledge base of heart failure (HF) for HCAs who, as an integral part of their daily workload, care for people living and dying with the condition. As a condition that rivals cancer in terms of mortality rate and impact on quality of life, heart failure warrants consideration in terms of how best HCAs might help people maximise their potential to lead as functional and purposive life as they possibly can, following a diagnosis.

The personal challenges associated with a diagnosis might also necessitate contemplation of action by HCAs in ensuring they can best support healthcare practitioners whose role entails conveying detailed and life-changing information to patients and their families and carers. This is an invaluable part of the scope of HCA practice in a complex condition that can manifest in a number of very different clinical ways.

The article starts with an overview of what heart failure is, how it is clinically diagnosed and how it is managed in practice and concludes with an overview of how the HCA might best support patients and their families and carers in practice.
Disability discrimination 7: conclusion of the series
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: May 2015

This series on disability discrimination arose out of a personal passion over the issues involved, the author having been diagnosed as Asperger's syndrome/high-functioning autism a little over six years ago. This final article in this series will revisit a number of these issues, will highlight a number of roles that healthcare assistant (HCAs) could play and consider a number of possible directions for future work in tackling disability discrimination.
Unlocking patient activation in chronic disease care
Authors: Sola Davide , Couturier Jerome , Voyer Ben
Published: May 2015

Chronic diseases bear increasingly important costs on healthcare budgets. This article reviews examples from the field of e-health, looking at how gamification can help foster behavioural change, which can in turn improve patients' health. Ultimately, it can alleviate the cost incurred by treating the disease. Drawing from emerging best practices, the authors discuss how coupling gamification with e-health represents a significant advance in the management of chronic disease.
Gastro-oesophageal reflux in the neonate: Clinical complexities and impact on midwifery practice
Authors: Mitchell Alex , Lamb Kathryn , Sanders Ruth
Published: May 2015

Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) is a common neonatal issue seen by midwives, which can develop into a complex clinical picture when symptoms give rise to gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), requiring further intervention and multidisciplinary team working. This article discusses the differences between GOR and GORD from a midwifery stance, highlighting the importance of effective communication with parents, and within the wider health-care professions.

Early midwifery recognition and symptom clarity for both GOR and GORD are explored with management strategies and treatment options for both issues considered. As frontline practitioners during the puerperium, midwives are centrally placed to offer care and advice, emphasising the normality and self-limiting nature of GOR in the neonate and providing reassurance to parents. The importance of a meticulous feeding assessment and holistic midwifery approach to neonatal and maternal wellbeing is also examined. In light of the recently published national guidance, the care provision for babies experiencing GOR and GORD necessitates further midwifery consideration to ensure family-centred care.
Embedding the 6 Cs: Problem-based learning the Bradford way
Authors: Phipps Fiona Ellen MacVane , Whitney Elizabeth , Meddings Fiona , Evans Maria
Published: May 2015

This discussion paper examines the 6 Cs of good health care practice, suggesting that by using a problem-based learning (PBL) approach, midwifery education can assist student midwives in developing a wide variety of essential skills from competence to compassion, communication to courage and caring to commitment. Starting with a brief discourse on the philosophical and educational basis for PBL along with an explanation of the process, the paper proceeds to examine each component of the 6 Cs, exploring in some detail how these relate to a PBL midwifery curriculum.
Person-centred care in practice
Authors: Taylor Andrea
Published: May 2015

This article explores supervision of midwives through a person-centred care (PCC) lens. Using PCC models and concepts, I consider if the current framework of supervision supports midwives in a way that reflects principles of PCC. This article is a personal reflection submitted in 2014 as part of the first year of a 3-year MSc in Advanced Clinical Skills currently being undertaken at Edinburgh University.
A new era for supervision: A generation of midwives without statutory supervision?
Authors: Bennett Patience
Published: May 2015

There has recently been great discussion regarding the role of the Supervisor of Midwives (SoM). Following on from the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman's (2013) concerns, the King's Fund report (2015) concluded that the role of the SoM was not to be coupled with regulation. On 28 January 2015 this was accepted by the Nursing and Midwifery Council and changes were instigated. Many student midwives will have never experienced the role of the SoM first-hand and some are beginning to worry about their vulnerability come point of qualification, without this extra layer of protection.
The changing landscape of maternity care
Authors: Trinder Bonnie
Published: May 2015

On 23–24 March 2015, the British Journal of Midwifery held its 13th national conference on current issues in midwifery. Student midwife, Bonnie Trinder reports on the highlights from the 2 days.
Research roundup—May 2015
Authors: Richens Yana
Published: May 2015

In this section, a range of brief synopses of recently published articles from around the world that may be of interest to midwives is presented. The aim of this roundup is to provide an overview, rather than a detailed summary, of the research papers selected. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.
Managing the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Thompson Julie , Read Nick
Published: May 2015

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common long-term illness that affects around 14% of the UK population. Most patients with IBS are managed in primary care and frequently seek help for continuing symptoms, yet IBS does not come under the Quality and Outcomes Framework. Nurse practitioners play an important role in helping people to manage their long-term medical conditions, especially complex illnesses where multiple stresses and lifestyle factors are implicated. This article discusses self-care in IBS.
MODELO CAPES DE AVALIAÇÃO: QUAIS AS CONSEQUÊNCIAS PARA O TRIÊNIO 2010-2012?
Authors: Nascimento Luis Felipe
Published: May 2015

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar o sistema de avaliação dos programas de pós-graduação na Área de Administração, Ciências Contábeis e Turismo da CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) e propor medidas para aprimorar estas avaliações. Induzidos pelos critérios de avaliação da CAPES, os programas de pós-graduação passaram a supervalorizar a produção científica em detrimento das demais atividades desenvolvidas pelos seus professores. O fator de impacto, medida que indica a qualidade dos periódicos, transformou-se no indicador da qualidade do trabalho do
professor, uma vez que as avaliações individuais dos professores estão fortemente centradas na análise da sua produção científica. Para atingir o objetivo proposto foi realizada uma revisão na literatura sobre avaliação na pós-graduação, que, juntamente com a experiência do autor como professor, pesquisador, gestor de programa de pós-graduação e também membro em 2007 da comissão que avaliou o desempenho dos programas de pós-graduação em Administração subsidiaram a análise aqui apresentada. O artigo apresenta questionamentos e algumas propostas. Questionam-se os atuais critérios de avaliação do desempenho individual dos professores e alerta-se para suas possíveis consequências. Sugere-se que a avaliação considere todas as atividades desenvolvidas pelo professor, construindo o que foi denominado pelo autor de Fator “P”. Este Fator mediria o impacto das atividades do professor no âmbito local, nacional e internacional. Nas considerações finais, é feito um convite para
que os membros da comunidade científica se engajem no debate destas questões.
UMA DISCUSSÃO CONCEITUAL E CONTEMPORÂNEA SOBRE A TEORIA DA MENSURAÇÃO E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A CONTABILIDADE
Authors: Martins Orleans Siva , Araújo Antônio Maria Henri Beyle de , Niyama Jorge Katsumi
Published: May 2015

Este estudo, eminentemente teórico, tem o objetivo de realizar uma discussão conceitual acerca da Teoria da Mensuração e de sua relação com a Contabilidade. Em segundo plano, analisa o foco das principais pesquisas realizadas no Brasil, no que diz respeito à mensuração contábil e aos fundamentos dessa teoria. Para isso, foram utilizadas técnicas da revisão bibliográfica e da pesquisa documental, por meio das quais se levantou o estado da arte do tema investigado. Artigos sobre mensuração, publicados nas principais revistas científicas de Contabilidade do Brasil foram coletados, visando identificar se no foco desses trabalhos encontram-se os fundamentos da Teoria da Mensuração. Com isso, foi possível observar que, conforme esses fundamentos, os caminhos da mensuração contábil devem contemplar duas condições tidas como essenciais: (i) o conhecimento dos diferentes objetivos e necessidades dos usuários das demonstrações financeiras e (ii) a necessidade de investigação das suposições que esses usuários fazem quando usam os valores dessas demonstrações em suas diversas decisões. Assim, nota-se que as atuais discussões acerca dos métodos de mensuração, principalmente no processo de convergência internacional, precisam observar essas condições.
A APLICAÇÃO DA FENOMENOLOGIA NOS ESTUDOS ORGANIZACIONAIS NO BRASIL
Authors: Silveira Rogério Zanon da , Guerra Ana Carolina , Gonçalves Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2015

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar um entendimento a respeito de como o método fenomenológico vem sendo utilizado em pesquisas no campo dos estudos organizacionais. Para isso, foram analisadas pesquisas que utilizaram a fenomenologia, buscando compreender e descrever a sua utilização, as características semelhantes entre os temas estudados, as queixas e dificuldades relatadas pelos pesquisadores, os objetos de estudo e as técnicas de pesquisa, entre outros fatores. Os artigos selecionados são provenientes de trabalhos científicos utilizados na pesquisa feita por Silveira, Fischer e Olivier (2010), que realizaram um mapeamento de artigos em Administração sobre a Fenomenologia e sobre sua aplicação como método de pesquisa. Para fins de atualização desta pesquisa, foram mapeados outros artigos publicados posteriormente nos mesmos eventos e periódicos. Pôde-se evidenciar que a abordagem fenomenológica ou o método fenomenológico tem alcance epistemológico consistente e significativo para aplicação ao estudo dos mais variados problemas no campo dos estudos organizacionais. Além disso, esse tipo de estudo buscou contribuir para a melhor assimilação do significado da fenomenologia, a compreensão de como se deu sua passagem do método filosófico para o método de pesquisa e, assim, entrever seu potencial de adoção em estudos organizacionais.
ATITUDE E MOTIVAÇÃO EM RELAÇÃO AO DESEMPENHO ACADÊMICO DE ALUNOS DO CURSO DE GRADUAÇÃO EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO EM DISCIPLINAS DE ESTATÍSTICA: FORMAÇÃO DE CLUSTERS
Authors: Viana Gustavo Salomão , Viana Adriana Backx Noronha
Published: May 2015

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar a formação de clusters, levando-se em consideração: variáveis de caracterização do aluno, atitude perante a Estatística, motivação acadêmica e desempenho. Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação de um questionário a 278 estudantes do curso de graduação em Administração, em duas faculdades públicas do estado de São Paulo, no segundo semestre de 2011. O questionário foi composto de perguntas para a caracterização dos alunos, Escala de Motivação Acadêmica (ema), Escala de Atitude perante a Estatística (sats), bem como uma nota relativa à autopercepção de aprendizado, sendo que a nota na disciplina foi obtida junto ao docente responsável. Verificou-se que apenas a área de interesse mostrou-se como possível variável diferenciadora, dada a composição dos 3 grupos. O grupo de alunos com maior interesse na área de Finanças apresentou as maiores pontuações tanto em relação à atitude perante a Estatística como em relação à motivação acadêmica, exceto Desmotivação, apresentando também, os maiores valores para o desempenho tanto em relação à nota quanto em relação à autopercepção.
PRÁTICAS METODOLÓGICAS EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO: O CASO DA UTILIZAÇÃO DA METODOLOGIA-Q COMO FERRAMENTA PARA PESQUISA E DIAGNÓSTICO DA CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL
Authors: Tomei Patrícia Amélia , Russo Giuseppe Maria
Published: May 2015

A busca por métodos de diagnóstico da cultura organizacional tem sido intensa nos últimos anos, uma vez que esta informação se tornou cada vez mais importante na definição de estratégias para a mudança. Várias metodologias qualitativas e quantitativas foram utilizadas na vasta literatura organizacional; no entanto, a Metodologia-Q (Brown, 1986) tem sido negligenciada. Este é o propósito deste artigo: utilizar a Metodologia-Q como um instrumento de análise da hierarquia de valores organizacionais, que servem de construto da cultura organizacional. Nesta pesquisa, com base em um estudo de caso de uma fusão de duas empresas multinacionais, foi considerada a diferença entre a cultura das organizações e as suas dificuldades de integração. Conclui-se que a Metodologia-Q proporcionou a oportunidade de investigar a subjetividade da cultura organizacional das empresas analisadas de forma sistemática, e que a flexibilidade de utilização deste método em profundidade para pequenas amostras pode contribuir na pesquisa exploratória com o mínimo de interferência do pesquisador.
ASSUNTOS AMBIENTAIS POLÊMICOS E O PRINCÍPIO DA PRECAUÇÃO: DISCUTINDO O AQUECIMENTO GLOBAL EM SALA DE AULA
Authors: Barbieri José Carlos
Published: May 2015

Os debates sobre temas ambientais são cada vez mais intensos devido à gravidade dos problemas ambientais e das incertezas científicas que os acompanham. As salas de aulas são palcos do debate e os professores são constantemente solicitados a dar respostas sobre questões polêmicas que envolvem conhecimentos especializados em áreas científicas distantes daquelas que o professor se dedica. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um instrumento de política ambiental para participar do debate e apresentar propostas, apenas superficialmente informados sobre as questões centrais do problema em debate. Inicialmente será apresentado um problema polêmico de dimensão planetária, a mudança do clima global, em que os cientistas especializados em áreas e sub-áreas das ciências do clima não se entendem sobre aspectos os mais diversos, inclusive sobre a própria ocorrência de tal mudança. Depois será apresentada uma proposta para entrar nesse debate mesmo não sendo um especialista no assunto sem ter que tomar partido. Essa proposta baseia-se no princípio da precaução, que também é um tema polêmico, porém mais próximo das áreas de formação dos professores de Administração que em geral pertencem às ciências sociais aplicadas. Esse é um tema central da educação ambiental, pois é um modo consagrado para lidar com questões ambientais envolvendo incertezas científicas.