bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of internal marketing strategies of private tertiary education institutions (PTEIs) in an emerging market
Authors: Prinsloo JJ , Pelser TG , Jecheche F
Published: December 2022

The main purpose of this research was to determine if internal marketing (IM) activities are fulfilling their intended purpose of creating customer centred employees. Such IM activities are designed to enhance employee productive behaviour (EPB). The target population of this study consisted of academic staff from the Private tertiary education institutions (PTEIs) in Gaborone, Botswana. The questionnaires were hand delivered to a sample size of 140 respondents. The descriptive research method as well as the quantitative research approach was used in this study. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire, and analysed to compute factor analysis. The findings of this study show that the majority of the employees (96%) understood that the IM strategies motivate employees and was most importantly influenced the purposes of IM strategies. Two factors explained the ways management designed IM strategies: Management’s focus on the organizational goals and disregard for employees. The results of this study show that most of the employees (88%) believed that management unilaterally design IM strategies. Leadership and management of tertiary education institutions could apply the recommendations proposed by this study to create customer centred employees. In addition, recognizing the need for marketing faculty to make marketing knowledge creation and dissemination more relevant to education institutions. To accomplish this goal, more academic research can be targeted toward internal marketing for tertiary education institutions.
Audiobook apps: exploring reading practices and technical affordances in the player features
Authors:   Swedish School of Library and Information Science, University of Borås, Sweden, Tattersall Wallin Elisa
Published: December 2022

Audiobooks are increasing in popularity and are now widely used through apps from subscription services. While these apps are part of audiobook practices, there is scant research on this topic. This article contributes to an understanding of the audiobook player function and the features therein. The article builds on an interview study with ten young Swedish users and a study of the apps from subscription services Storytel, BookBeat and Nextory. The player function in the apps were explored using a feature analysis and the interview material was analysed using qualitative content analysis. The focus was on affordances of the different app features, and how these related to audiobook reading practices. There were ten to twelve features each in the different players, outlined in the article. Four common user practices emerged in the interview material: adjusting the speed, selecting a track, setting a sleep timer and rewinding the audiobook. The apps play a significant part of audiobook reading practices. However, while the apps afford certain practices, some features create hindrances to other reading practices.
How Life Insurance Sector has Evolved Over Past Years? - A Comparative Study of LIC and Private Players
Authors: Dr. Meenakshi  , Dr. Pooja
Published: December 2022

Life Insurance in its modern form came to India from England in the year 1818. Oriental Life Insurance Company started by Europeans in Calcutta was the first Life Insurance company on Indian Soil. The first two decades of the twentieth century saw lot of growth in Insurance business. On December 7, 1999, Parliament passed the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) Act which paved the way for granting licenses to private sector life-insurance companies. Life Insurance is the fastest growing sector in India since 2000 as Govt. allowed private players and FDI upto 26%. Therefore, monopoly of LIC came to an end and the corporation has to perform in a competitive environment. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to analyse the growth of insurance sector with regard to premiums, market share and number of offices. A comparative study has been done regarding the growth of LIC and various other private players.
Simulation Study of Desiccant Dehumidifier: A Review
Authors: Tejas Prajapati  , Dr. K. K. Bhabhor  , D. B. Jani
Published: December 2022

Traditional cooling systems based on vapor compression are ineffective in humid climates due to their inability to remove moisture below the dew point of the conditioned air, which involves additional effort in the form of an electrical power supply to run vapor compressors. A solid desiccant cooling system reduces powerusage while simultaneously providing fresh and clean air. It is important toexamine and analyze the performance of desiccant dehumidifiers using the Different pattern in the desiccant wheel that will help to develop a more efficient cooling system. Like ahoneycomb, triangular, sinusoidal.To study different type of material used in desiccant wheeel to adsorp the air moisture. Study different simulation technique used in desiccant.
Praças públicas e pertencimento territorial periférico em Guarapuava/PR
Authors: Martins Oliveira Patrícia , Silva Márcia
Published: December 2022

As praças são elementos sínteses nas paisagens urbanas desde o século XVI, quando passam a ser inseridas definitivamente na malha urbana. As praças são espaços públicos de uso comum, possibilitando o seu acesso a todos os tipos de usuários e que dessa forma permite que várias atividades de lazer sejam realizadas gratuitamente. Nesse contexto, as praças são locais primordiais para as práticas cotidianas, ainda mais com a expansão da malha urbana, que demandou a construção de novas praças, mas que ainda não suprem todas as necessidades da população, em especial nos bairros periféricos. Por isso, buscamos analisar as praças periféricas e os novos espaços de lazer na cidade de Guarapuava/PR. Assim, a partir da proposta metodológica foram selecionadas o total de seis praças demarcadas no Plano Diretor de 2016/2026 e três consideradas novos espaços de lazer. Assim, a partir da localização inseridas na malha urbana, identificamos que cada um desses espaços possui sua própria identidade e dinâmica social, inclusive no cumprimento ou não da função social e do pertencimento territorial periférico. Os resultados apontam que a maioria das praças cumprem a sua função social e os usuários as têm como pertencentes ao bairro e a sua vida cotidiana, apesar da precariedade de equipamentos, ausência dos mobiliários e de arborização.
Uma análise espacial da pecuária bovina leiteira nos municípios e mesorregiões catarinenses
Authors: Mattei Taíse , Mattei Tatiane
Published: December 2022

A pecuária bovina leiteira é uma atividade importante para a geração de renda e manutenção do homem no campo e o estado de Santa Catarina tem relevância brasileira no setor. Conhecer a dispersão da atividade, bem como as discrepâncias na sua localização e produtividade funcionam como uma ferramenta para políticas públicas, possibilitando investimentos públicos e privados e ações de extensão rural. Dessa forma, este trabalho buscou analisar a configuração espacial da quantidade produzida e do valor bruto da produção de leite de vaca nos municípios do estado de Santa Catarina e apresenta os resultados por mesorregiões. Para alcançar ao objetivo foi realizada uma Análise Exploratória deDados Espaciais – AEDE utilizando os dados do Censo Agropecuário de 2017. A análise possibilitou identificar a existência de clusters espaciais no estado para ambas as variáveis. Os principais clusters Alto-Alto, ou seja, municípios com altovalor bruto da produção e quantidade produzida, rodeados com municípios também com alto valor, estão localizados em municípios pertencentes à mesorregião Oeste do estado. Os clusters Baixo-Baixo estavam mais dispersos pelas outras regiões. O artigo aponta fatores que contribuem para essa configuração espacial.
The HBO Effect
Authors: DeFino Dean J.
Published: December 2022

No advertisers to please, no censors to placate, no commercial interruptions every eleven minutes, demanding cliffhangers to draw viewers back after the commercial breaks: HBO has re-written the rules of television; and the result has been nothing short of a cultural ground shift. The HBO Effect details how the fingerprints of HBO are all over contemporary film and television. Their capability to focus on smaller markets made shows like Sex and the City, The Sopranos, The Wire, and even the more recent Game of Thrones and Girls, trigger shows on basic cable networks to follow suit. HBO pioneered the use of HDTV and the widescreen format, production and distribution deals leading to market presence, and the promotion of greater diversity on TV (discussing issues of class and race).

The HBO Effect examines this rich and unique history for clues to its remarkable impact upon television and popular culture. It's time to take a wide-angle look at HBO as a producer of American culture.
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on opioid prescribing for patients with pleuritic pain
Authors: Ormsby, MD Andrew , Dietsche, MD Caitlin
Published: December 2022

Objective: We sought to understand opioid prescribing for COVID-19 positive and negative patients with pleuritic pain during the first wave of the pandemic. We hypothesized that patients without COVID-19 would be prescribed opioids more frequently intrapandemic compared to prepandemic and postulated that COVID-19 patients would be prescribed opioids more frequently and at greater quantity than their peers.Design: A retrospective observational analysis of electronic health record data.Setting: A quaternary academic hospital from February through April 2020.Participants: A total of 1,400 of 3,169 adult inpatient hospitalizations involving pleuritic pain were included.Main measures: Frequency and average daily dose of opioid prescriptions were analyzed using logistic and linear regression. Opioid prescribing habits were compared pre- and intrapandemic. Hypotheses and primary outcome measures were formulated prior to data collection.Key results: During the pandemic, COVID-19 patients were 15.77 absolute percentage points less likely to be prescribed opioids compared to patients without COVID-19 (95 percent confidence interval (CI): –8.98 to –22.56 percent). Patients without COVID-19 were equally likely to be prescribed opioids pre- and intrapandemic (95 percent CI: –9.37 to 2.42 percent). Odds ratio of opioid prescription for COVID-19 patients was 0.44 (95 percent CI: 0.08-0.80). Within those given opioids, COVID-19 patients were prescribed 3.0 percent greater morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) (95 percent CI: 1.07-5.85 percent).Conclusion: During the first wave of the pandemic, COVID-19 patients with pleuritic pain were prescribed opioids less frequently than patients without COVID-19, while patients without COVID-19 were equally likely to be prescribed opioid pre- and intrapandemic. On the other hand, COVID-19 patients treated with opioids were given greater daily MMEs due to the greater utilization of opioid infusions.
National opioid shortage is associated with increased use of ketamine infusion for analgosedation in the medical intensive care unit
Authors: Eisinger, MD, MSSW Gregory , Huang, MD Matthew , Cardone, MD Michael S. , Elefritz, PharmD, BCCP Jessica L. , Doepker, PharmD, BCPS Bruce , Exline, MD, MPH Matthew , McCallister, MD Jennifer
Published: December 2022

Objective: To assess the impact of the national shortage of injectable opioids during the winter of 2017-2018 on the use of ketamine infusion for analgosedation in the medical intensive care unit (MICU).Design: A retrospective cohort study.Setting: Single-center tertiary care MICU at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center.Patients: All patients who received continuous infusion of ketamine to facilitate mechanical ventilation between May 1, 2015 and September 1, 2018.Measurements and main results: Seventy-seven patients were identified during the study time frame: 43 before and 19 during the opioid shortage. During the peak of the shortage, there was a sevenfold increase in orders for ketamine infusion (2.2 patients/week vs 0.32 patients/week; p < 0.001). Median time from the start of mechanical ventilation to initiation of ketamine infusion was significantly shorter during the shortage (14.1 hours) versus before (51.2 hours; p = 0.03). There was a trend toward adding ketamine into the sedation regimen earlier during the shortage (mean number of drips added prior to ketamine was 2.74 during the shortage vs 3.3 before; p = 0.06). There was also a trend toward increased use of ketamine infusion as monotherapy during (21.1 percent of patients) versus before the shortage (7 percent), though this did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.19).Conclusion: The national opioid shortage may have led to earlier and more frequent use of ketamine infusion for anaglosedation in mechanically ventilated MICU patients.
A construção da participação social como mecanismo vinculatório de proteção das vítimas de abusos de direitos humanos em processos decisórios empresariais
Authors: Balbino Michelle Lucas Cardoso
Published: December 2022

A atuação das transnacionais em todo o mundo aumentaram as indagações acerca da responsabilização dessas para com os Estados anfitriões e as partes interessadas, principalmente quando considera-se os abusos causados aos direitos humanos das vítimas. O objetivo do trabalho está em estabelecer os mecanismos capazes de tornar a participação social vinculatória para a proteção das vítimas de violações de direitos humanos em processos decisórios empresariais. Justifica-se por representar mecanismo extraterritorial capaz de conduzir a proteção de vítimas de abusos de direitos humanos na perspectiva das atuações empresariais. Metodologicamente trata-se de uma pesquisa normativa-jurídica, tipo exploratória, abordagem quanti-qualitativa, fontes primárias e secundárias. Para a coleta utilizou-se os métodos top-down e bottom-up, enquanto para a análise de dados aplicou-se Teoria da Análise de Conteúdo. Assim, a construção da participação social será possível se houver mecanismos que a definam como mecanismo vinculatório de proteção das vítimas de abusos de direitos humanos em processos decisórios empresariais. Esta proposta está definida no processo de “esverdeamento” normativo dos Direitos Humanos possui uma função positiva na atuação da participação social ativa nos mecanismos de controle e, por considerar a participação social vinculatória como categoria de normas que garante a capacidade de influenciar das partes interessadas.
Crônica a respeito das negociações do futuro Tratado sobre a conservação e o uso sustentável da biodiversidade marinha além da jurisdição (BBNJ): destaques da 5ª ICG e desafios para a sua conclusão
Authors: Oliveira Carina Costa de , Sachett Bárbara Mourão , Veiga Júlia Schütz , Raposo Philippe , Oliveira Paulo Henrique Reis de
Published: December 2022

A quinta conferência de negociação do futuro Tratado sobre a conservação e o uso sustentável da biodiversidade marinha em áreas além da jurisdição (BBNJ) ocorreu entre os dias 15 e 26 de agosto de 2022, na sede das Nações Unidas, em Nova York. A sessão não se finalizou com a conclusão do instrumento, visto que ainda persistem divergências entre as delegações. Mesmo sem chegar ao final da redação do Tratado, houve consideráveis progressos em todos os grandes temas em negociação: recursos genéticos marinhos (MGRs) e repartição de benefícios (ABS); medidas de manejo baseadas em áreas (ABMT) e áreas marinhas protegidas (MPAs); avaliação de impactos ambientais (EIA); capacitação e transferência de tecnologias marinhas (CBTMT); e assuntos transversais (CCIs).
The mosses of Mount Tambuyukon, Kinabalu Park, Malaysian Borneo
Authors: Suleiman Monica , Repin Rimi , Rajian Nurul Jannah , Kien-Thai Yong
Published: December 2022

A total of 103 species, two subspecies and two varieties of mosses in 55 genera and 26 families were collected from Mount Tambuyukon in August 2008. This represents ca. 16.3% of the mosses reported from Sabah and ca. 13.9% of the mosses reported for Borneo. Amongst the 107 taxa, three species of mosses are new for Sabah, namely Acroporium aciphyllum Dixon, Garovaglia baeuerlenii (Geh.) Paris and Macromitrium angustifolium Dozy & Molk. The largest moss family collected here is Sematophyllaceae (13 taxa) followed by Leucobryaceae (11 taxa), and both Dicranaceae and Orthotrichaceae (10 taxa). In conclusion, Mount Tambuyukon sustains a rich and interesting moss flora, including several rare and endemic species.
The Legal Regulation Difference of the Current Account: A Comparative Study
Authors: Al-Neaimy Sahar Rasheed
Published: December 2022

After a long time that the current account has been governed by Customs and Usages, the legislators began since eighty years, one after another, to organize it, but with some differences. Especially, by organizing this account only in the Bank or Commercial operations. Where, this legal tool can be used by all physical persons, merchants or not, and private and public moral persons, in all operations, Commercial or not. And for that we researched on, by analytical and comparative study, to reach the results that we can draw out from it and to formulate the necessary and suitable recommendations and suggestions to modify the legislations in force to enable everyone to take advantage of the current account.
Natural Problems Face Agricultural Industry in The Countryside of Heet District
Authors: Ereim Sama Faisal Abdulsattar Abdulrazzaq , Al-Dulaimy Sadoon Dhahir Khalaf
Published: December 2022

The study area suffers from a number of natural problems that affect agricultural production, the most important of which are the problems related to climate, soil erosion, the problem of agricultural pests and diseases, jungles, the problem of water and the problem of soil salinity. Its impact on agricultural production, one of the problems that is difficult to control is the problem of extreme climate, as it clearly affects crops, especially with the decline of the idea of protected agriculture, which provides suitable weather for plants. As for erosion, it leads to a significant decrease in soil fertility, as well as pollution of the river and air. It was necessary to address this problem by providing vegetation cover and intensifying agriculture. As for pests, we have noticed the spread of many types of agricultural pests that have had a very clear impact on agricultural production, especially with the absence of means to combat them and the farmers’ ignorance of how to combat each type. As for the jungle, it is a problem with known causes, but it needs solutions, including combating the jungle before planting and purifying the seeds before planting, and one of the natural problems affecting agricultural production is the water problem. Drought, as for the problem of salinity, random watering by immersion, high temperatures, salinity of the water itself, and the disappearance of drains are all factors that exacerbated the problem of salinity.
A Pragmatic Analysis of Persuasion of Receiving COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Shallal Azhar Fadhil , Turki Hutheifa Yousif
Published: December 2022

The aim of this paper is to investigate the speech acts which convey persuasion of receiving COVID-19 vaccine, and to examine the utilization of the strategies of persuasion. Documents or written texts have been collected as a data source in the current qualitative study. The data of this study includes ten extracts drawn from public health reports that has been obtained through purposive sampling from the official site of the World health organization (WHO), medical journals and websites. Content qualitative analysis was employed depending on Bach and Harnish’s (1979) Model of Speech Acts, and Breuer and Napthine’s (2008) and Huggard, Leonie &, Iris's (2006) strategies of persuasion The findings indicated that the argument presented in reports on COVID-19 vaccine was developed persuasively using various persuasive strategies. The findings revealed that doctors, writers, medical organizations and journals had shown extraordinary abilities in using persuasive strategies. They tended to employ speech acts as persuasive strategies in their efforts to make their arguments more convincing to their audience. Notably, the application of speech acts and persuasive strategies was connected to the social interaction and contexts, and a reflective of the situation of pandemic and the hesitation about vaccine.
Metaphor's Arguing of Women’s Stories in The Holy Qur’an
Authors: Moheddin Dilkhosh Rafeeq , Amin Dildar Ghafoor Hamad
Published: December 2022

Metaphor has received the attention of ancient and modern researchers, and its presence in many speeches, regardless of its forms and types, has been embodied as one of the most straightforward characters of natural languages. It has become a starting point for many theories that have differed and divergent orientations, and perhaps what concerns us is that orientation that does not limit the role of metaphor to its artistic aspect only, but also to its persuasive and argumentative aspect, which is the area in which this research is concerned with. Among these strategies, we have metaphor, which is the rhetorical persuasive strategy so that its work is not limited to the aesthetic aspect, but goes beyond that to play a persuasive and argumentative role. The research has identified seven verses in which argumentative metaphor has been employed, with the intention of achieving the purposes of (influencing) and (persuasion) in the intentions of the arguing addressees, which causes a change in their thoughts, behavior, and beliefs. The nature of the study necessitated the adoption of the approach based on description and analysis, and the research ended with the conclusion that women tend to the gentle style in directing the accuracy of dialogue with the other party, using the right means in the face of pressures and experiencing events, and have the ability to maneuver in finding solutions, and to use more affirmative structures in the rhetorical formulation.
Memória CIn/UFPE: a história do Centro de Informática da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
Authors: Almeida Júlia Nogueira de
Published: December 2022

Título integrante da coleção Vozes da UFPE, o livro “Memória CIn/UFPE: a história do Centro de Informática da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco” resgata a trajetória de uma instituição de excelência desde sua criação até os dias atuais. A partir dos depoimentos de 21 nomes fundamentais para o seu desenvolvimento – iniciado antes mesmo de o CIn tornar-se um centro, uma teia de memórias, ao longo de 156 páginas, vai sendo construída: o entrelaçamento de relatos, lembranças, afetos e curiosidades, como numa grande reportagem sobre um longo e dedicado trabalho coletivo, conduz o leitor por um passeio pela cronologia de fatos marcantes que integram a linha do tempo do CIn, sem abrir mão dos filtros destacados pelos olhares de cada um dos entrevistados. Sem a pretensão de fazer um apanhado rigorosamente fiel de incontáveis acontecimentos medidos pela régua do tempo, o livro faz uma leitura própria, a partir da narrativa de eventos memoráveis para o CIn, mesclados ao testemunho de quem os viveu. Segundo o Reitor da UFPE, Alfredo Gomes, uma obra que também celebra a educação superior como espaço de criação, transformação e construção de conexões, de novas relações sociais e oportunidades, contexto em que o CIn ocupa lugar de destaque, impactando, de forma cada vez mais relevante, a história da UFPE e da cidade do Recife, centro irradiador de novas instituições e espaços de ensino-aprendizagem.
Jogos no Ciclo de Alfabetização: ludicidade, movimento e imaginação na alfabetização do olhar
Authors: Freire Eleta de Carvalho , Teles Rosinalda Aurora de Melo
Published: December 2022

Jogos no Ciclo de Alfabetização: ludicidade, movimento e imaginação na alfabetização do olhar aborda conhecimentos referentes às aprendizagens desenvolvidas no Ciclo de Alfabetização – forma de organização do ensino fundamental correspondente aos seus três primeiros anos, e que envolve crianças de seis a oito anos. No Ciclo de Alfabetização, ludicidade, movimento e imaginação constituem importantes elementos para o equilíbrio emocional, afetivo e social das crianças, sendo inerentes às suas vivências cotidianas e necessários às práticas de professores e professoras. O livro apresenta, capítulo a capítulo, elementos teórico-metodológicos relacionados ao ensino dos conhecimentos históricos, matemáticos e artísticos, visando contribuir com práticas docentes que busquem, no caminho da interdisciplinaridade e da adoção de várias linguagens, possibilidades de alfabetização do olhar e de ampliação da leitura de mundo das crianças. Sob os vários textos, um mesmo intuito geral: refletir sobre a relevância da ludicidade, do movimento e da imaginação, presentes no jogo, como forma de alfabetização do olhar, desde o Ciclo de Alfabetização.
As ambivalências do gosto: repensando os limites da teoria bourdieusiana do habitus à luz da dimensão estética
Authors: Malvezzi Amarildo Muniz
Published: December 2022

Esta obra é resultado do encontro de duas preocupações teóricas fundamentais. Por uma via, a problematização da teoria do habitus de Pierre Bourdieu, do questionamento do veredicto da crítica, segundo o qual o habitus possui uma lógica avessa à liberdade e autonomia dos indivíduos; por outra, a tentativa de refletir acerca da dimensão política do gosto – pensado à luz da estética. Esse encontro se tornou ainda mais radical e autêntico a partir do momento em que, no interior do pensamento bourdieusiano, habitus e gosto se revelaram visceralmente ligados. À medida que se aprofundava na busca por resíduos de liberdade e reflexividade na teoria do habitus, paralelamente, consolidava-se a possibilidade de realizar uma leitura política do gosto. E, inversamente, à medida que se escavava a dimensão política subjacente à lógica estética do gosto (em que medida ele se liga à liberdade/dominação), mais possibilidades teóricas emergiram no sentido de repensar a teoria do habitus e questionar o suposto fatalismo e reprodutivismo. As investigações a seguir, balizadas por esses termos, conduzem também à renovação da crítica, pois as novas leituras extraídas a partir desse diálogo – entre a teoria do habitus e os discursos estéticos do gosto – permitiram o diagnóstico de novos limites, imperceptíveis até então. Cabe, então, ao leitor, não perder de vista o elemento genético e estruturante da obra, para que possa observar a movimentação intelectual presente.
Perceptions of dark-skinned beauty on social media using social identity theory : the case of #melaninmagic on Instagram
Authors:   , Naidoo Alicia
Published: December 2022

The saying, “If you’re white, you’re alright, if you’re brown, stick around, but if you’re black, get back” has been around for generations and has racial connotations linked to colourism, a social issue that ranks light skin as the epitome of beauty. While most people of colour have fallen victim to colourism, Indians idolise light skin so much that dark-skinned people are villainised and discriminated against, and skin-lightening businesses thrive on Indian people’s desire to be of a lighter skin tone. Millennials and Gen Z are fighting the stigma of colourism through hashtag activism. The hashtag #MelaninMagic has influenced many dark- and medium-skinned individuals to embrace and celebrate their skin tone despite the discrimination faced in previous generations. In this study, the hashtag #MelaninMagic is investigated, using social identity theory and how #MelaninMagic shapes the perceptions of dark-skinned beauty on Instagram and influences users to embrace the social category into which their skin colour falls is explored. The reasons Instagrammers use filters and the likelihood they will compare their selfies to others before posting was also explored. The research approach is a qualitative paradigm within the interpretivist paradigm. Sixteen (16) Indian South Africans between the ages of 23‒30 were purposively selected for oneon-one, semi-structured interviews. The findings indicate that #MelaninMagic is used as a tool of empowerment for darkand medium-skinned Instagrammers to express pride about their skin tone, and social media is being used as a tool for change such that the representation of dark-skinned beauty is more evident on Instagram than in traditional media. The aim of Millennials and Gen Z is to end the toxic cycles passed down from generation to generation through having open minds. The phenomenon of skin lightening was also investigated and filters emerged as a modern-day skin lightener. The reasons filters are used to lighten skin in selfies was explored and narrowed down to the influence of family on social categorisation and the caste system. It is also worthy to note that medium-skin tone individuals identitifed as dark-skinned because of the way others made them feel about their skin colour. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that a mixed-method approach and more participants across different cities in South Africa can be considered in future studies.
The use of models to develop skills to solve 3D trigonometry problems : a case study of Grade 12 learners in a selected school in the Pinetown District
Authors:   , Niranjan Caresse
Published: December 2022

Mathematics results in South Africa continue to show an area of weakness. Trigonometry is currently an examinable section in the subject mathematics and is assessed in grade 12 examinations. This study made use of concrete mathematical manipulatives in exploring conceptual understanding of grade 12 Mathematics learners in learning to solve 3-dimensional trigonometric problems. The research questions addressed in this study are: How will Mathematical models help learners to adopt more active approaches towards the learning of three-dimensional trigonometric problems amongst Grade 12 learners? How will the use of models improve the learning of Mathematics? The use of sound teaching and learning principles fosters an environment where learners are motivated to reach their full potential. The study was informed by constructivist ideas. Grade 12 learners of mathematics participated in the research, engaging in qualitative assessments in the form of activity worksheets and semistructured interviews.Results and analyses reveal that using manipulatives is beneficial to learnerswhen solving 3D trigonometric problems. The findings in this study are important for the South African education system. The changing school climate and the improving of learning strategies with the use of mathematics manipulatives in Mathematics is very important in improving learner performance and the Mathematics results in our country. Underperformance in Mathematics has persistently been a challenge in SouthAfrican schools. This study was conducted to add to current research in the debates about the use of manipulatives in mathematics in classrooms in secondary schools. In addition, this study was carried out to: determine how Mathematical models/manipulatives helped grade 12 learners to adopt more active approaches towards the learning of three-dimensional trigonometric problems and whether the use of models does improve the learning of mathematics. The research elicited sufficient data to support Piaget andBruner’s theory which suggests that the use of manipulatives aids in constructing new mathematical knowledge, providing a link from concrete to abstract.
Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance of Selected Consumer Goods Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Awotomilusi  , Solomon Niyi , Donatus  , Bako Lovina , Ogunleye  , Wumi Akinyemi
Published: December 2022

The study looked at how Nigerian consumer goods manufacturing companies' performance was impacted by their intellectual capital (IC). Purposive sampling was employed to obtain a sample size of 17 companies. The financial statements of selected companies that manufacture consumer items were evaluated for a period of nine years, from 2013 to 2021. To analyze the data, multiple regression was utilized. According to the results, human capital, structural capital, and relational capital all significantly and positively affect the financial performance of Nigerian consumer goods manufacturing companies. Therefore, it is recommended that to improve financial performance, both private and public businesses should invest in intellectual capital. Also, manufacturing companies in Nigeria should invest more in human capital development in the areas of education, training, and health in order to enhance the intellectual capacity of the labour force, which in turn will impact favourably on firms' performance.
Legislation of Legal Protection for Electronic Banking Operations and Challenges in Jordan
Authors: Al Animat Mohammad
Published: December 2022

The larger growth in the operations and activities of electronic banks has created new problems for banks and the responsible authorities in the context of the lack of management and those in charge of the banks to qualify, and sufficient practice to catch up with the accelerating technological progress. In addition to the high potential for deception and fraud on open networks internet and this is due to the absence of traditional practices that u to ensure the identity and legitimacy of the client it is worth noting that electronic payment methods have appeared in conjunction with the emergence of e-commerce and have become one of its components and complete its procedures and most important main risks facing the work of electronic banks, which threaten the conduct of banking and financial operations in various countries of the world. The article also touched on the most important risks facing electronic banks, through this study, it aims to shed light on the legal mechanisms of protection in the field of electronic banking transactions given the novelty of the consumer, the seriousness and the lack of texts the legal regulations that govern electronic transactions in general and electronic banking operations in particular, the regulatory legislation issued by the Central Bank of Jordan and dealing with cyber security risks.
INTERNAL CONTROL: AN ANALYSIS OF THE PERCEPTION OF THE PURCHASING CENTER OF A STATE GOVERNMENT ACCORDING TO THE COSO FRAMEWORK
Authors: Matos Gabriele Bernardelli de , Oliveira Pereira da Silva Maria Daniella de , Almeida Karla Katiuscia Nóbrega
Published: December 2022

The internal control systems in public agencies are fundamental instruments for the management of work environments, processes, and risks to which these structures are exposed. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the perception of the public servants of the Purchasing Center of a state government regarding the level of adherence to the components of internal control based on the COSO ERM framework. The research was characterized as a case study, in which data collection took place through the application of a questionnaire, structured to the components of COSO ERM, along with a sample of public servants from the Purchase Center, as well as a semi-structured interview with the executive director and participant observation was used to have a more critical view of the perception of those observed. The main results showed a uniform perception of the participants regarding the governance and culture component while the differences found were directed to the performance component, both results report the absence of well-defined governance structures and the inconsistency of information between the public servants. Despite this, the internal control practices carried out in the Purchasing Center, according to the perception of the interviewed groups, present higher levels of adherence to the components of strategy and definition of objectives and review, a result that evidenced the commitment of the Purchasing Center with the strategic planning and monitoring of its activities.
On the Quasi-2-Day Planetary Waves in the Middle Atmosphere During Different QBO Phases
Authors: Tang Liang , Gu Sheng-Yang , Zhao Shu-Yue , Wang Dong
Published: December 2022

Abstract. We found that the interannual difference of the W3 and W4 Q2DW is significantly correlated with the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation westerly (QBOW) and easterly (QBOE) phase, identified from the analysis of the 2003 to 2020 MERRA-2 and SABER atmospheric data. The amplitude of the zonal wind in the QBOE phase is approximately ∼10 m/s stronger than that in the QBOW phase. Mean zonal easterly winds are stronger in the QBOE phase than in the QBOW phase, while westerly winds are stronger in the QBOW phase. The Q2DW is present in the summer, and the background wind is easterly in both hemispheres. The mean temperature amplitudes of W3 and W4 in the QBOW phase are stronger than those in the QBOE phase, and the difference is ~2 K and ~3 K (in the Southern Hemisphere); ~2 K and ~3 K (in the Northern Hemisphere), respectively. The mean wave period of W4 in the QBOW phase in the Northern Hemisphere is shorter than that in the QBOE phase. The W3 mode is modulated by atmospheric eigenmodes in both hemispheres and shows slight differences in the QBOW and QBOE phases, while the W4 mode is more likely to show significant differences in the different QBO phases. Our diagnostic analysis suggests that the amplification of the QBOW phases W3 and W4 may be due to stronger mean-flow instabilities and background winds in the mesosphere. In addition, planetary waves gain stronger source activity during the QBOW phase to provide sufficient energy for propagation and amplification.
Iron “Ore” Nothing: Benthic iron fluxes from the oxygen-deficient Santa Barbara Basin enhance phytoplankton productivity in surface waters
Authors: Robinson De’Marcus , Pham Anh L. D. , Yousavich David J. , Janssen Felix , Wenzhöfer Frank , Arrington Eleanor C. , Gosselin Kelsey M. , Sandoval-Belmar Marco , Mar Matthew , Valentine David L. , Bianchi Daniele , Treude Tina
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The trace metal iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient that controls phytoplankton productivity, which subsequently affects the cycling of macronutrients. Along the continental margin of the U.S. West Coast, high benthic Fe release has been documented, in particular from deep anoxic basins in the Southern California Borderland. However, the influence of this Fe release on surface primary production remains poorly understood. In the present study from the Santa Barbara Basin, in-situ benthic Fe fluxes were determined along a transect from shallow to deep sites in the basin. Fluxes ranged between 0.23 and 4.9 mmol m-2 d-1, representing some of the highest benthic Fe fluxes reported to date. To investigate the influence of benthic Fe release from the oxygen-deficient deep basin on surface phytoplankton production, we combined benthic flux measurements with numerical simulations using the Regional Ocean Model System coupled to the Biogeochemical Elemental Cycling model (ROMS-BEC). For this purpose, we updated existing Fe flux parameterization to include new benthic fluxes from the Santa Barbara Basin. Our simulation suggests benthic iron fluxes support surface primary production creating positive feedback on benthic Fe release by enhancing low oxygen conditions in bottom waters. However, the easing of phytoplankton Fe limitation near the coast may be partially compensated by increased nitrogen limitation further offshore, reducing the efficacy of this positive feedback.
Effects of Warming and Increased Precipitation on Soil Microbial Residues on the Qinghai–Tibet Alpine Meadows
Authors: Weng Baisha , Dong Zhaoyu , Yang Yuheng , Yan Denghua , Li Mengyu , Zhang Yuhang
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Amino sugars, as the biomarkers of microbial residues, help explore soil microorganisms’ response to global climate change. However, research on how microorganisms in the alpine meadows regulate the soil carbon cycle under the influence of climate change is limited. We hypothesized that climate change might cause different effects on soil microbial residues due to the impact on soil physical properties, chemical properties, and enzyme activities. Therefore, we conducted four-year continuous warming and increased precipitation experiments in the semi-arid grasslands to examine the differences in soil microbial residues at different depths under simulated changes. The results showed warming stimulated the accumulation of microbial residues, while increased precipitation led to their decline. The Glucosamine/Muramic Acid ratio trend indicates that the contribution of fungal residues was more significant than that of bacteria with increased precipitation, whereas that of bacterial residues exceeded that of fungi with warming. The increased precipitation had no significant effect on soil extracellular enzyme activities and amino sugar concentrations. In addition, changes in the different enzyme activities led to soil carbon loss and different amino sugar accumulation patterns under the warming treatment. These results may aid in assessing the responses of soil microorganisms to future climate change scenarios.
Strategies for improving the communication of satellite-derived InSAR ground displacements
Authors: Watson C. Scott , Elliott John R. , Ebmeier Susanna K. , Biggs Juliet , Albino Fabien , Brown Sarah K. , Burns Helen , Hooper Andrew , Lazecky Milan , Maghsoudi Yasser , Rigby Richard , Wright Tim J.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Satellite-based earth observation sensors are increasingly able to monitor geophysical signals related to natural hazards, and many groups are working on rapid data acquisition, processing, and dissemination to data users with a wide range of expertise and goals. A particular challenge in the meaningful dissemination of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data to non-expert users is its unique differential data structure and sometimes low signal to noise ratio. In this study, we evaluate the online dissemination of ground deformation measurements from InSAR through Twitter, alongside the provision of open access InSAR data from the Centre for Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics (COMET) Looking Into Continents from Space with Synthetic Aperture Radar (LiCSAR) processing system. Our aim is to evaluate (1) who interacts with disseminated InSAR data, (2) how the data are used and (3) to discuss strategies for meaningful communication and dissemination of open InSAR data. We found that InSAR Twitter activity was primarily associated with natural hazard response, specifically following earthquakes and volcanic activity, where InSAR measurements of ground deformation were disseminated, often using wrapped and unwrapped interferograms. For earthquake events, Sentinel-1 data were acquired, processed, and tweeted within 4.7±2.8 days (shortest was one day). Open access Sentinel-1 data dominated the InSAR tweets and were applied to volcanic and earthquake events in the most engaged with (retweeted) content. Open access InSAR data provided by LiCSAR was widely accessed, including automatically processed and tweeted interferograms and interactive event pages revealing ground deformation following earthquake events. The further work required to integrate dissemination of InSAR data into longer-term disaster risk reduction strategies is highly specific, both to hazard-type, international community of practice, and local political setting and civil protection mandates. Notably, communication of uncertainties and processing methodologies are still lacking. We conclude by outlining the future direction of COMET LiCSAR products to maximise their useability.
Towards Affordable 3D Physics-Based River Flow Rating: Application Over Luangwa River Basin
Authors: Samboko Hubert T. , Schurer Sten , Savenije Hubert H.G. , Makurira Hodson , Banda Kawawa , Winsemius Hessel
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), affordable precise Global Navigation Satellite System hardware, echo sounders, open-source 3D hydrodynamic modelling software, and freely available satellite data have opened up opportunities for a robust, affordable, physics-based approach to monitor river flows. In short, the hardware can be used to produce the geometry. 3D hydrodynamic modelling offers a framework to establish relationships between river flow and state variables such as width and depth, while satellite images with surface water detection methods or altimetry records can be used to operationally monitor flows through the established rating curve. Uncertainties in the data acquisition may propagate into uncertainties in the relationships found between discharge and state variables. Variations in acquired geometry emanate from the different ground control point (GCP) densities and distributions which are used during photogrammetry-based terrain reconstruction. In this study, we develop a rating curve using affordable data collection methods and basic principles of physics. The specific objectives were to: determine how the rating curve based on a 3D hydraulic model compares with conventional methods; investigate the impact of geometry uncertainty on estimated discharge when applied in a hydraulic model; and investigate how uncertainties in continuous observations of depth and width from satellite platforms propagate into uncertainties in river flow estimates using the rating curves obtained. The study shows comparable results between the 3D and traditional river rating discharge estimations. The rating curve derived on the basis of 3D hydraulic modelling was within a 95 % confidence interval of the traditional gauging based rating curve. The physics-based estimation requires determination of the roughness coefficient within the permanent bed and the floodplain using field observation as both the end of dry and wet season. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that variations in the density of GCPs beyond an optimal number (9) has no significant influence on the resultant rating relationships. Finally, the study observes that it depends on the magnitude of the flow which state variable approximation (water level & river width) is most promising to use. Combining stage appropriate proxies (water level when the floodplain is entirely filled, and width when the floodplain is filling) in data limited environments yields more accurate discharge estimations. The study was able to successfully apply low cost technologies for accurate river monitoring through hydraulic modelling. In future studies, a larger amount of in-situ gauge readings may be considered so as to optimise the validation process.