bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disponibilidad, acceso y consumo de alimentos: ¿es una cuestión de género?
Authors: Castronuovo Luciana , Moyano Daniela Luz , Cabrera Noelia , Irazola Vilma , Maceira Daniel
Published: January 2025

Resumen En este estudio se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura, de tipo descriptivo y exploratorio con el objetivo de describir cómo la disponibilidad, el acceso y el consumo de alimentos se ven atravesados y vinculados al género. A partir de la búsqueda en bases de datos y de la búsqueda manual, se recuperaron 833 resúmenes, de los cuales finalmente se seleccionaron 37 textos completos con base en los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados muestran que existen marcadas diferencias de género en diferentes aspectos de la seguridad alimentaria. Las mujeres constituyen una población particularmente susceptible a la inseguridad alimentaria, siendo los hogares encabezados por mujeres los más expuestos a dicha situación (n=4). A su vez, entre las mujeres con inseguridad alimentaria existe una mayor prevalencia de obesidad en comparación con aquellas que estuvieron en condición de seguridad alimentaria (n=8). Por su parte, estudios indican que, al momento de alimentarse, las mujeres subordinan sus propias necesidades a las de sus hijos y parejas (n=5). En relación al acceso a los alimentos que se consumen en el hogar, las investigaciones coinciden acerca de la importancia del rol de las mujeres (n=3). Las diferencias de género identificadas son un valioso aporte al momento de abordar y analizar los temas alimentarios y nutricionales en diferentes entornos, así como al momento de diseñar e implementar políticas e intervenciones de salud pública.
Hydrogen production in an anaerobic fixed-bed reactor for the processing of condensed water from the sugar–alcohol industry
Authors: Callado Nelia Henriques , Zaiat Marcelo , Sakamoto Izabel , Azevedo Francisco de Paula Ferreira
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Condensed water (CW) is a sugar-rich, high-temperature (40-55°C) waste product from the sugar and ethanol industry whose quality and disposal volume vary significantly. Anaerobic digestion can combine waste degradation with energy production, adding value. This research evaluated the hydrogen production in a thermophilic acidogenic reactor (55°C) using CW, aiming at energy recovery from this by-product. The variation of the applied volumetric organic loading rate (OLRa—6–72 kg-COD.m–3.d–1), through the progressive increase of the influent COD varying from 500 to 6,000 mg.L–1, simulating the characteristics of this wastewater during a season (5.5 months), and the effect of metal supplementation were assessed, as was the microbial community involved in the process, using an ascending-flow fixed-bed reactor filled with a support medium of low-density polyethylene granules (PBD). The COD contained carbohydrates (from 120 ± 15 to 1,900 ± 100 mg.L–1) and organic acids (from 250 ± 25 to 2,230 ± 210 mg.L–1). Low carbohydrate conversions were observed in the phases with COD lower than 4,207 ± 284 mg.L–1 and without metal solution, which resulted in minimum molar flow and H2 yield values. The highest hydrogen yield was 1.43 ± 0.65 mmol-H2.g–1-CODr with OLRa of 72.9 ± 2.8 kg-COD.m–3.d–1 (COD of 6,077 ± 232 mg.L–1), obtained from the addition of metals solution. Pyrosequencing-454 analysis showed that operational conditions benefited the selection of microorganisms associated with the Clostridia class (abundance of 57.1%) and prevalence of the genus Coprothermobacter (40.3%), belonging to the order Thermoanaerobacter.
Mapping critical thinking: key contributions for rethinking education
Authors: Vendrell-Morancho Mireia , Moya Aída Valero
Published: January 2025

Abstract Critical thinking is an essential tool for the rational and ethical evaluation of information and actions, making it a necessary element in making informed decisions and meaningfully participating in democratic discourse. Despite its acknowledged value, there remains a lack of consensus regarding its definition and approach, and research on its historical and philosophical development is limited. This study traces the historical-philosophical evolution of critical thinking, highlighting key contributions from Socrates to Peter Facione’s Delphi Report. To facilitate its exploration and comprehension, this evolution is organised into four stages: Antiquity, Middle Ages, Renaissance and Modern Age, and Contemporary Age, each marked by significant milestones and historical shifts. Findings suggest that critical thinking is a dynamic concept influenced by diverse historical, cultural, and social factors. In particular, the contemporary understanding of critical thinking is deeply shaped by Western traditions, including rationalism, empiricism, positivism, and pragmatism. This study provides an enriched perspective on critical thinking, offering valuable insights into how its conception and applications can be refined and enhanced to better support current and future educational contexts.
Correção do método gama: estimativa da rigidez de placas CLT sob carga concentrada
Authors: Silva Guilherme dos Santos , Oliveira Silvio Cesar de , Jardim Pedro Ignácio Lima Gadêlha , Aquino Vinícius Borges de Moura , Christoforo André Luis
Published: January 2025

Resumo A madeira apresenta-se como um excelente material estrutural, com isso, produtos engenheirados como o Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) surgem para transpor a limitação da sua forma bruta. Nesse sentido, considerando que métodos de cálculos para placas CLT apresentados por normativas, por exemplo, o método gama, são unidimensionais e não refletem o verdadeiro comportamento das placas de CLT, foi proposta a correção do método gama para a estimativa da rigidez de placas de CLT biapoiadas, sujeitas a carga linearmente concentrada no centro do vão. O modelo de regressão da correção foi viabilizado por meio de estudo paramétrico, simulações numéricas e análise estatística. Dessa forma, o modelo de regressão do corretor apresentou boa precisão com um coeficiente de curva (R²) de 77,12% e valor-p de Pearson de 0,005861%, o qual classificou a equação com excelente significância. Portanto, a equação corrigida quando comparada ao método gama apresentou resultados mais próximos aos modelos tridimensionais simulados numericamente, com erro percentual médio de 1,20% e desvio padrão igual a 0,93%.
Barras de aço coladas em madeira compensada e LVL de paricá
Authors: Dias João Miguel Santos , Lima Vinícius de Sousa , Silva Maria Gabriela Sales da , Nascimento Sandriel Lima , Siviero Marcos Antonio , Vieira Sabrina Benmuyal , Sales Agust , Cunha Rita Dione Araújo , César Sandro Fábio
Published: January 2025

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o desempenho mecânico de ligações com barras de aço rosqueadas coladas com dois adesivos diferentes em madeira compensada e LVL de paricá com vista ao seu uso estrutural. Foram realizados ensaios de tração axial em 90 corpos de prova com barras de 6,35 mm de diâmetro, coladas com os adesivos epóxi (EPX) e poliuretano à base de óleo de mamona (PUR), com comprimentos de ancoragem correspondentes a 10, 12,5 e 15 vezes o diâmetro das barras. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que o aumento do comprimento de ancoragem provocou um acréscimo não linear da capacidade de carga das ligações com EPX, as ligações com EPX apresentaram maiores cargas de ruptura, sendo os seus valores superiores aos carregamentos de cálculo obtidos pelas normas NBR 7190-1 (ABNT, 2002a) e NBR 8800 (ABNT, 2008) e as ligações com PUR apresentaram os menores valores de ruptura, provocado pela insuficiente interação físico-química entre o adesivo e a madeira.
Environmental impact of steel/concrete composite bridges and reinforced concrete bridges: a comparative analysis through Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Almeida Dayvson Carlos Batista de , Carneiro Arnaldo Manoel Pereira
Published: January 2025

Abstract Climate change presents a challenge for the construction industry to develop modern building materials that must not only meet functional performance criteria but also reduce the environmental impact associated with their production. In this context, the primary objective of this study is to apply the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique to the superstructures of steel/concrete composite bridges and reinforced concrete bridges, aiming to identify potential environmental impacts and opportunities for enhancing environmental performance, especially concerning the use of materials and services. The study was based on the ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 guidelines and employed the International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD); Evah OzLCI2019 database; data collected by the Construction Environmental Performance Information System (SIDAC); OpenLCA software version 2.0, and the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H) method. The results indicated that, in general, reinforced concrete bridges had a lower environmental impact compared to composite bridges, with the exception of some indicators such as freshwater eutrophication and ionizing radiation. Therefore, the use of steel in composite bridges has proven to be a significant source of environmental impact, especially when used as a substitute for concrete.
Madeira plástica utilizando polipropileno e resíduos de beneficiamento de madeira para construção de decks
Authors: Santos Anderson Ravik dos , Moreira Lucas Martucheli , Teixeira Thales Paulo Bigonha , Patrício Patrícia Santiago de Oliveira
Published: January 2025

Resumo A exploração comercial de madeira natural na construção civil gera impactos ambientais significativos, especialmente pelo desmatamento. Uma alternativa sustentável é a produção de madeira plástica, um compósito formado pela incorporação de cargas de reforço em matrizes poliméricas, amplamente utilizado na construção de decks. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a viabilidade do uso de polipropileno virgem e resíduos de beneficiamento de madeira na produção de madeira plástica, buscando reduzir os impactos ambientais da exploração de madeira natural. Foram produzidas amostras com diferentes proporções de carga, utilizando processos de homogeneização, extrusão e compressão a quente. A adição de até 30% de farinha de madeira ao polipropileno resultou em melhorias substanciais nas propriedades mecânicas, especialmente em flexão, com aumento da rigidez e redução da deformação. Esses resultados são promissores, considerando que a principal aplicação da madeira plástica, os decks, está sujeita a esforços de flexão. Além das vantagens mecânicas, o compósito desenvolvido apresenta uma aparência visual semelhante à da madeira natural, em termos de textura e tonalidade, facilitando sua aceitação no mercado como uma alternativa estética e ecologicamente sustentável.
Strength prediction of mortar reinforced with babassu coconut fiber using artificial neural networks
Authors: Moraes Yrlles Araujo , Oliveira Ádamo Henrique Rocha de , Picanço Marcelo de Souza
Published: January 2025

Abstract Using natural fibers as reinforcement in cement composites is a sustainable alternative in the construction industry. Nevertheless, the dosage of these materials employing traditional methods depends on laboratory tests and tends to be laborious and expensive. Thus, predicting composites characteristics can save time and reduce operating costs. In this study, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) trained with Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) were used to predict the tensile and compressive strengths of mortar reinforced with babassu coconut fiber. Babassu coconut is an abundant product in the region where this research was carried out, and its use tends to bring socio-economic benefits. The data was obtained experimentally, generating a total of 51 samples. The ANN topologies have six parameters in the input layer (cement, sand, water/cement ratio, maximum fiber length, fiber percentage, and slump), one parameter in the output layer (tensile or compressive strength), and one hidden layer, which contains 6 and 7 neurons, respectively, in the tensile (ELM-T) and compressive (ELM-C) strength prediction models. Simulation results indicated that both models are promising tools for predicting the mechanical behavior of mortars reinforced with babassu coconut fibers.
Análise do comportamento reológico de argamassas de revestimento pelo método de squeeze-flow sobre diferentes substratos
Authors: Paulino Rafaella Salvador , Costa Marienne do Rocio de Mello Maron da
Published: January 2025

Resumo Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento reológico de argamassas de revestimento mista (traço 1:1:6, cimento:cal:areia, em volume), industrializada e estabilizada, quando aplicadas sobre diferentes substratos. As argamassas foram caracterizadas no estado fresco e seu comportamento reológico foi avaliado pelo método squeeze-flow, empregando base metálica, bloco cerâmico e chapisco aplicado sobre o bloco cerâmico, nas velocidades de 0,1, 1 e 3 mm/s. Curvas de força por deslocamento foram desenhadas e, a partir delas, foram realizadas análises das transições entre os estágios elástico, plástico e de embricamento das argamassas. Os resultados indicaram que as argamassas estabilizadas apresentaram fases plásticas mais extensas em relação às demais, em todos os tipos de substratos. Todas as argamassas analisadas demonstraram uma capacidade inferior de espalhamento com o aumento da absorção de água inicial e rugosidade dos substratos. Embora existam limitações normativas, o comportamento reológico das argamassas foi influenciado tanto por suas características quanto pelos substratos. O ensaio de squeeze-flow sobre bloco cerâmico e chapisco demonstra a necessidade de se considerar a diversidade de substratos para análise do comportamento das argamassas de revestimento e para fornecer práticas construtivas mais aprimoradas.
Evaluation of probability distributions in the study of characteristic compressive strength of metakaolin concrete blocks
Authors: Lima Nathan Bezerra de , Pontes Michell , Silva Daniel , Manta Rafael Costa , Teti Bruno de Sousa , Nascimento Heliana Caroline Batista do , Santos Leonardo Barbosa Torres dos , Lima Nathalia Bezerra de
Published: January 2025

Abstract This comprehensive study meticulously evaluated six probability distribution models for the compressive strength of 24 concrete blocks, 12 with metakaolin and 12 without addition. The models analyzed were Lognormal, Gamma, Normal, Weibull, Beta, and Exponential. For blocks with metakaolin, the Lognormal distribution presented the best fit, followed by Gamma, Normal, Beta, and Weibull, while the Exponential needed to be more adequate. In blocks without metakaolin, the Gamma distribution was the most efficient, followed by Normal, Weibull, Lognormal, and Beta, with the Exponential also inadequate. The model parameters were adjusted based on the resistance frequencies estimated for each group of samples. Thus, Lognormal and Gamma performed better in predicting compressive strength, depending on the presence or absence of metakaolin. The Exponential distribution, in turn, was considered inadequate in both cases.
Performance of Portland clinker produced through the incorporation of asbestos cement wast (ACW)
Authors: Santos Tiago Assunção , Cilla Marcelo Strozi , Ribeiro Daniel Véras
Published: January 2025

Abstract The production process of Portland cement has significant environmental impacts involving the exploitation of deposits for raw materials and CO2 emissions. In this study, the incorporation of different proportions of asbesto cement waste (ACW) was evaluated, approximately 24%, 49%, 74%, and 86% by mass, corresponding to levels of 0.43%, 0.85%, 1.27%, and 1.69% of SO3, respectively, replacing the limestone and clay mixture in Portland clinker blends. The effects of this incorporation on the clinkering process were analyzed at different temperatures (1300 °C to 1450 °C). The phases formed in the produced clinkers were identified through X-ray diffraction (XRD), followed by the grinding process for cement production, which was subsequently characterized physically. The hydration of pastes was monitored by XRD. Additionally, the mechanical performance of pastes made with the produced cements was also assessed. From the results obtained, it was observed that ACW acts as a mineralizer at lower clinkering temperatures (1350 °C), resulting in an increase in the alite (C3S) content in the clinkers. Consequently, cements produced with ACW showed an increase in the amount of hydrated phases and superior mechanical strengths at early ages compared to the reference cement without the addition of ACW.
Students' Perceptions and Performance on ODL Implementation in Computer Programming Course During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   School of Electrical Engineering. College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Abidin Husna Zainol , Mazalan Lucyantie ,   School of Electrical Engineering. College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Aziz Mohd Azri Abdul ,   School of Electrical Engineering. College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Abdullah Syahrul Afzal Che ,   School of Electrical Engineering. College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Ruslan Fazlina Ahmat ,   School of Electrical Engineering. College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: January 2025

Abstract : This paper assesses students’ perceptions and performance in Computer Programming (ECE431) course offered in the Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Malaysia, using Online Distance Learning (ODL) as a new delivery method during Covid-19 pandemic. ODL was conducted beginning Week 5 of the semester, hence there is a need to investigate the students’ acceptance and performance. 53 second year Electrical Engineering undergraduates participated in the assessment. The student's acceptance on the ODL approach was evaluated twice through survey while the performance of the students was evaluated based on Course Outcome (COs) attainment and student's grade. Approximately 50% of the students were struggling to adapt to ODL during initial stage. The percentage of students adapting to ODL increased to nearly 80% at the end of the semester as they have familiarized with the delivery method. Average score for COs attainment and students’ grade were compared with face-to-face classes. The results showed a 24.1% improvement in CO1, as evaluated from quizzes and assignments, as well as reductions in CO2 by 2.6% and CO3 by 11.7% through miniprojects. This is attributed to the programming skills as they are away from lecturers and classmates, which often guide them on miniproject's codes. This study suggests that the changes of teaching and learning approach to ODL did not affect the students’ performance.

Keywords :Computer programming, distance learning, e-learning, ODL, online learning.
Enhancing Mechanical Engineering Education: Leveraging Industrial Visits to Address Curriculum Gaps
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.K.Wagh Institute of Engineering Education and research, Savitribai Phule Pune University,, Beldar Pankaj R. , Kushare Dr. Prashant B. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.K.Wagh Institute of Engineering Education and research, Savitribai Phule Pune University,
Published: January 2025

Abstract : Industrial visits are essential for bridging the gap between theoretical classroom learning and practical application in mechanical engineering education. This study explores how such visits address curriculum gaps and improve learning outcomes by incorporating industry feedback, Program Outcome (PO) assessments, and aligning visit outcomes with Program Specific Outcomes (PSO). Feedback from industry stakeholders and students facilitated continuous improvement, providing insights into the practical application of theories. PO attainment calculations offered a quantitative evaluation of the visits' educational impact. Detailed visit reports served as assessment tools, reinforcing students' understanding of theoretical concepts through hands-on experiences. This approach enhances theoretical learning and helps achieve educational objectives, creating a more comprehensive and practical learning environment for mechanical engineering students.

Keywords : Curriculum Gap, Industrial Visit, Program Outcomes, Attainment, Sentiment Analysis
Exploring breathwork concepts vis-à-vis the South African life skills curriculum and assessment policy statement
Authors: Potgieter Gert , De Villiers Ronel
Published: January 2025

In this study, we address a gap in existing literature by proposing the Singing Education Breathwork Quotient (SingEdBWQ), a framework aimed at enhancing the articulation of breathwork in South Africa's Life Skills curriculum. Employing qualitative methods, we collected empirical data through synchronous interviews and document analysis involving nine participants, including educators and breathwork experts. Key themes identified include awareness, purposeful inhalation, non-tension, intake sufficiency, resistance, exhalation management, continuity, and performance regulation. Notable findings emphasise the significance of intake sufficiency for optimal singing and the role of breath leading in musical performance. The implications of the SingEdBWQ are substantial: it provides a structured approach for teacher training; promotes student well-being; and enhances communication across music education. By incorporating breathwork exercises effectively into curricula, educators can foster resilience and stress management among students. Ultimately, the SingEdBWQ serves as a vital tool for improving educational outcomes and holistic well-being in schools in alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for health and quality education.
An Examination of South African Corporate Law Through the Lens of Ubuntu
Authors: Siphethile Phiri
Published: January 2025

This article submits that ubuntu is indubitably a constitutional value that informs the constitutional epoch. Constitutional supremacy means that all values and principles of the Constitution must be observed to avoid invalidation. In light of this constitutional obligation, this article intends to examine the inclusion of ubuntu as a constitutional principle in South African corporate law. To achieve this objective, the article employs doctrinal legal research methodology, also known as black-letter law, which encompasses extensive scrutiny of relevant legal literature. This research methodology is selected owing to its ability to address the question of what the law is in a particular case. The article intends to determine the position of ubuntu as a constitutional principle in the context of South African corporate law. The conclusion reached is that South African corporate law contains significant traces of the ontological elements of ubuntu. This is reinforced by a clear correlation between the values of ubuntu and corporate law principles. Simply put, several South African corporate-law concepts appear to be founded on the influence of ubuntu – for instance, the exception to the cornerstone principle of juristic personality. The lifting of the corporate veil aims to avoid unconscionable abuse of the corporate structure, which is in line with the ubuntu principles, which operate against any form of unconscionable abuse, as defined in common law. Nonetheless, since there is still no express inclusion of ubuntu in the Constitution or corporate statutes, the conclusions reached in this article are based on its implied application.
IMAGE-BASED SEXUAL ABUSE AND THE REQUIREMENT OF MOTIVE UNDER THE FILMS AND PUBLICATIONS AMENDMENT ACT: A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT
Authors: Blake Martin
Published: January 2025

Section 18F(1) of the Films and Publications Amendment Act (FAPAA) prohibits the commission of image-based sexual abuse (IBSA). This contribution critically assesses the requirement “with the intention of causing that individual harm” contained in section 18F(1)(b) of the FAPAA. It is demonstrated that the requirement “with the intention of causing that individual harm” cannot be understood as indicating intention in the legal sense (that is, dolus). Rather, section 18F(1)(b) refers to motive, or the reason for the perpetrator’s conduct. Section 18F(1)(b) should thus more accurately read (to avoid confusion with dolus) “with the ‘motive’ of causing that individual harm”. In the determination of criminal liability, motive has been repeatedly affirmed as irrelevant. The author supports this conclusion. In addition, the underlying reasons motivating the perpetration of IBSA vary substantially. Thus, requiring proof of motive in this respect is ill considered.However, motive is relevant to the process of sentencing. Some motives for the perpetration of IBSA may be considered by the sentencing court as “aggravating”, and, accordingly, attract a harsher sentence. Section 56A(2)(a) of the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act indicates several motives (for the commission of sexual offences) that might be considered “aggravating”. These include where a sexual offence is committed with the motive “to gain financially, or receive any favour, benefit, reward, compensation or any other advantage”. Many of these motives are witnessable in cases of IBSA, and being a sexual offence that should be located in the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act, should (in terms of section 56A(2)(a)) be considered “aggravating”. It is also shown that other aggravating motives listed in 56A(2)(a), such as to receive any “benefit” or “reward”, may apply when IBSA is committed for purposes of revenge.
Fortalecimiento de la salud mental en la Residencia Intercultural Don Bosco
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Ecuador
Published: January 2025

En el mundo actual la salud mental es una prioridad, más aún en residencias universitarias, espacios de amplia riqueza por la complejidad que surge al acoger estudiantes en condición de movilidad que proceden de diversas culturas, formas de vida, tipos de pensamiento, creencias y ritualidades. Este texto comparte experiencias de exploración de la realidad de la residencia universitaria Don Bosco desde las dimensiones individual, grupal, familiar y organizacional considerando como hilo conductor de este proceso, la salud mental. A través de la investigación acción participativa, los autores destacan desafíos únicos de esta realidad por la que los actores clave de la residencia transitan en su cotidianidad, ofrecen reflexiones en torno al bienestar psicológico como un factor trascendental para que los estudiantes puedan culminar exitosamente su formación académica. Este trabajo descubre un mundo de posibilidades para la construcción de un modelo de educación multicultural, con visión sistémica pues la realidad de la residencia no solamente responde a los estudiantes que en ella habitan sino a las expectativas de sus familias y comunidades. En la residencia convergen múltiples sueños, anhelos, realidades, también problemas y desafíos que hacen que la misma requiera gestionar los cambios y responder a las contingencias del actual contexto.
Intracranial Hypotension Associated with Meningocele
Authors: Cho Hyunkyum , Yoon Yeo Jun , Chu Min Kyung
Published: January 2025

Intracranial hypotension (IH), often resulting from a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, is a notable cause of secondary headaches. Diagnosing IH through clinical assessment and neuroimaging can be challenging. Orthostatic headache (OH), characterized by neck stiffness, nausea, dizziness, phonophobia, and photophobia, is a key symptom of CSF leakage, which may stem from a variety of causes, including falling, surgery, CSF studies, or arachnoid diverticula. This study presents two OH patients with IH who were incidentally found to have an underlying meningocele.
Identification of de novo BSCL2 Asn88Ser Variant with Atypical Presentation of Distal Hereditary Motor Neuropathy Type 5: Clinical Challenge in Diagnosis of Motor Neuron Diseases
Authors: Kim Hyunkee , Lee Jung Hyun , Won Dongju , Choi Jong Rak , Shin Ha Young , Kim Seung Hyun
Published: January 2025

Diagnosing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is challenging and requires distinguishing it from conditions like distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 5 (dHMN-V). A 21-year-old female initially diagnosed with ALS showed progressive upper limb weakness extending to the lower limbs. Trio exome sequencing revealed a de novo pathogenic Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy 2 variant (c.263A>G, p.Asn88Ser), confirming dHMN-V. Minipolymyoclonus of small amplitudes in bilateral wrists and ankles was an atypical presentation. This case underscores the importance of considering dHMN-V as a differential diagnosis in ALS-like distal upper extremity weakness.
Characteristics of Genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in Korea: 2017-2023
Authors: Shin InSook , Kim JongHee , Roh SuGwon , Gill ByoungChul , Yang YoungSoon
Published: January 2025

Background: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare and a rapidly progressive, invariably fatal neurodegenerative disorder believed to be caused by an abnormal isoform of a cellular glycoprotein known as the prion protein. The disease develops in very different ways, such as sporadic, genetic, and iatrogenic. We aim to identify the incidence of CJD genotypes registered in the statutory infectious disease surveillance system from 2017 to 2023 and analyze the types and characteristics of domestic pathogenic CJD genotypes to serve as a basis for preventing transmission.Methods: We analyzed the characteristics of hereditary CDJ among subjects reported through the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's statutory infectious disease surveillance system from 2017 to 2023.Results: In total, six pathogenic genotypes were identified in Korean patients, with P102L belonging to Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome being the most common (16, 30.2%), followed by V180I (13, 24.5%), M232R (10, 18.9%), and E200K (seven, 18.9%), which are highly prevalent in Asia, and D178N (six, 11.3%) and V203I (one, 1.9%), which belong to fatal familial insomnia.Conclusions: The significance of this study lies in the identification of P102L as the predominant genotype observed among individuals in their 30s and 40s in Korea. Moreover, it highlights that the occurrence of visual symptoms at an early stage is more prevalent in this age group compared to individuals over 50. Therefore, if a young individual reports a subjective decline in visual acuity not adequately accounted for by structural abnormalities of the eye, it becomes imperative to confirm the presence of CJD before undergoing ophthalmic procedures (such as corneal or retinal surgery), as these procedures involve high-risk organs for CJD transmission.
Sentience and Moral Status: Comparative Study on Antonio Damasio's Feeling and Nicholas Humphrey's Sentience
Authors: Kim Daehoon , Lee Sang Bum
Published: January 2025

This paper examines the neurobiology of sentience through a comparative analysis of theories proposed by Antonio Damasio and Nicholas Humphrey. Damasio's somatic marker hypothesis emphasizes the role of emotions and feelings in decision-making and consciousness, arguing that the brain's mapping of bodily states forms the basis of subjective experiences. Humphrey, conversely, approaches sentience from an evolutionary perspective, proposing that it evolved to enhance social cognition and cooperation. Both theories stress the importance of central nervous system development in the emergence of sentience, but differ in their views on its evolutionary timing and primary functions. We explore the potential applications of these theories in neuroethics and argue for continued research into sentience, emphasizing its potential impact on ethical and legal frameworks. We call for an interdisciplinary approach, integrating insights from neuroscience, philosophy, and ethics.
JAX_DPC: Protocol for generating PTC+1 knockout alleles in iPSCs (KOLF2.2J) v1
Authors: Pellegrino Enrica , not provided JUSTIN.MCDONOUGH , C. Skarnes William
Published: January 2025

The ‘PTC+1’ knockout strategy offers a robust and efficient approach to eliminate gene function in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The method utilizes precise genome engineering to introduce a premature termination codon (PTC) and a degenerate base insertion (+1) within an early coding exon that is shared across all transcript isoforms. Here, we describe the protocol for the generation of ‘PTC+1’ alleles in KOLF2.2J iPSCs to achieve a targeted gene knockout. Using nucleofection, we co-deliver a synthetic oligonucleotide harboring the PTC+1 mutation along with recombinant Cas9 protein and a single guide RNA (sgRNA) designed to target the specific gene of interest.This protocol ensures efficient editing and generation of loss-of-function alleles in both copies of the gene.The degenerate base allows us to rule out on-target effects such as loss of one copy of the target gene and to identify independent, non-sibling clones.
Soil Collection Protocol v1
Authors: not provided Nuttapon.Po , Chindamporn Ariya , Kraisitudomsook Nattapol , Gow Neil , Nur Maulana Malik Ibrahim Syahriar , Aranda Fahrudin Fikran
Published: January 2025

Soil harbors diverse microorganisms, including fungi that play crucial environmental roles but can also harm plants, animals, and humans through infections or spore exposure. In 2022, the WHO released several pathogenic fungi, including Fusarium group, Mucorales and Eumycetoma agents, which are prevalent in Thailand's agricultural soils and have caused significant human infections. Despite this, the genetic mechanisms behind their infections and antifungal resistance remain poorly understood, particularly in Southeast Asia. Antifungal resistance to major drug classes, such as azoles, echinocandins, and polyenes, is increasing, driven by specific resistance genes. To address these challenges, we propose establishing a Southeast Asian (SEA) network of mycologists to study fungal pathogens, focusing on collecting soil samples, extracting fungal genomic DNA, and creating a comprehensive genome database. This initiative will improve detection and management of drug-resistant fungi, enhance clinical treatments, and strengthen agricultural biosecurity. By leveraging genomic technologies and fostering international collaboration, the project aims to develop targeted strategies against fungal infections and resistance, benefiting public health, food security, and sustainable agriculture across SEA. Establishing a fungal biobank and expert network will support long-term efforts to combat antifungal resistance, providing critical resources for swift and accurate responses to fungal threats.
Fluorescence immunohistochemistry for quantitative imaging and analysis v1
Authors: D. Sauerbeck Andrew
Published: January 2025

Quantitative imaging and analysis of fluorescently stained tissue sections is sensitive to multiple factors. Two critical ones are endogenous autofluorescence and careful preparation of antibodies. This protocol provides methods for reducing the impact of autofluorescence through high-intensity broad wavelength light exposure. Additionally, it outlines a stepwise protocol for creating primary antibody Master Mixes which are then subsequently combined together, or with buffer, to ensure consistency in antibody concentrations across all conditions.
Point control of linear hyperbolic integro-differential systems
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Anikushyn Andrii , Hranishak Khrystyna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2025

Background. The work focuses on the optimal control of distributed systems described by linear hyperbolic integro-differential equations with partial derivatives and Volterra-type integral components. Such integro-differential equations are a standard subject in applied mathematics and frequently arise in studies of processes in viscoelastic media (such as amorphous polymers, semi-crystalline polymers, biopolymers, metals at very high temperatures, bituminous materials, and more). The primary goal is to prove the existence of optimal control for distributed systems modeled by these equations.

Methods. We apply methods of functional analysis and the theory of distributions. The study is conducted in specially defined Hilbert spaces, where the control operator in the system's right-hand side includes generalized Dirac delta functions. We establish the main result on the existence of optimal control based on the theory of a priori estimates in negative norms, building on the foundational work of Yu. M. Berezansky and further developed by V. P. Didenko, S. I. Lyashko, and their colleagues.

Results. We formulate an optimal control problem, where control of the system is governed by a control operator appearing in the right-hand side of the initial-boundary value problem. The control operator acts into spaces of generalized functions, modeling pointwise control of the system. Further, we propose appropriate Hilbert spaces for the problem's operator and the space of admissible controls. Moreover, we provide a priori estimates in negative norms, define generalized solutions, and prove the well-posedness of the initial-boundary value problem. Finally, a general theorem on the existence of optimal control is establish and the well-definedness and weak continuity of the control operator are proved. Based on these statements, we formulate a theorem on the existence of optimal control for the problem, imposing restrictions on the admissible control set and the quality criterion to be minimized.

Сonclusions. We prove a theorem providing sufficient conditions for the existence of optimal control for the considered system. In particular, we demonstrate that the control operator corresponding to pointwise control is well-defined and weakly continuous from the control space to the space of right-hand sides.
Yoga Techniques Associated with Improved Insulin Resistance in Women with PCOS: A Pilot Study
Authors: Verma Anushka , Gandhi Asha , Sirdesai Nivedita , Chandra Vineeta
Published: January 2025

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a complex heterogenic disease of unknown etiology, is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Sufferers often exhibit significant insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, obesity, and dyslipidemia. There is no cure for PCOS, although metformin and weight reduction have shown some benefits. Yoga has become increasingly popular for its beneficial effects, including on physiological functions such as carbohydrate metabolism and lipid profile. We aimed to explore the potential associations between yoga practices and insulin resistance in women with PCOS. Thirty-five newly diagnosed women with PCOS were enrolled in the study, and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was performed on blood samples. Participants were then advised on yoga practices comprising kriya, postures and breathwork for 6 days a week for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, HOMA-IR was repeated. Results were compared using the Wilcoxon ranked-sum test. Our study showed a decrease in mean body weight from 64.90 ± 1.95 kg to 61.53 ± 1.71 kg (p = 0.001), in mean BMI from 25.66 ± 0.65 kg/m2 to 24.33 ± 0.56 kg/m2 (p = 0.001), in fasting blood sugar from 95.73 ± 3.23 mg/dL to 91.83 ± 2.17 mg/dL (p = 0.007), in fasting insulin from 14.89 ± 1.47 μU/mL to 11.47 ± 1.06 μU/mL (p = 0.0001), and in HOMA-IR from 3.76 ± 0.50 to 2.72 ± 0.32 (p = 0.0001). Yoga techniques were associated with improvements in insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
ISOLA2024: Assessing and Understanding Uncertainties of Full Moment Tensors
Authors: Zahradník Jiří , Sokos Efthimios
Published: January 2025

ISOLA is a software package designed to calculate centroid moment tensors (MTs) by waveform inversion for single- and multiple-point-source models. Calculations are running with Fortran codes under Matlab Graphic User Interface. The codes have been continuously developed and widely used for over 20 yr. ISOLA2024 is the latest version upgraded in the assessment of MT uncertainties, important mainly for non-double-couple (non-DC) MT components. Data error is assumed to be represented by residual waveforms. The uncertainties are evaluated with existing methods using four types of covariance matrices (CMs). The code produces simple statistics of non-DC components, including their variations over grid-searched source positions. Hudson’s plots of MT scatter enable the classification of the source type. The CM methods are explained with four earthquake data sets. We show that CMs may assist in choosing a low-noise frequency range for inversion and suppress correlated data errors; thus, they improve the MT estimate, yet do not increase waveform fit. Error bounds of the non-DC percentages strongly vary across the example events (up to ∼20%) and slightly change with the used CM type. In certain applications, as a joint effect of the source position, station configuration, frequency range, and velocity model, MT uncertainty can be so large that even source type (e.g., DC, implosion, crack, etc.) remains unresolved. In other applications, the non-DC components can be resolved very well, within ∼5%. In contrast to automated MT inversions, ISOLA2024 is suitable for applications involving repeated inversions of an earthquake, with varied parameters, and offers insight into the processing steps. It is also a test bed for new CM methods before their automation and can serve as an educational tool.
The homecoming experience
Authors: Araujo Fabricio Paiva
Published: January 2025

Resumo:
O foco desse artigo está em como o período pós-guerra do Vietnã afetou os veteranos nos Estados Unidos, colaborando para entender como a representação da nova identidade destes militares reformados foi moldada pelas consequências das experiências traumáticas que eles sofreram. As dificuldades que os veteranos tiveram para se reintegrar na sociedade começam nos aeroportos dos E.U.A. assim que eles pisam em solo americano. A forma como eles são representados no período subsequente a guerra é o propósito principal da investigação aqui apresentada. As narrativas de guerra essenciais usadas para ilustrar esta investigação são Paco Story, de Larry Heinemann, e Born on the Fourth of July, de Ron Kovic. Os personagens literários Kovic e Paco atuam em papéis importantes que representam o processo de transformação da identidade dos veteranos. Essa mudança passa pela investigação de novos lugares de ameaça, inimizades e conflitos que foram gradativamente revelados na vida dos ex-combatentes durante o período de retorno ao lar.
Anotações sobre a teoria da alegoria barroca de Walter Benjamin
Authors: Freitas Jorge
Published: January 2025

A primeira reabilitação do conceito de alegoria realizada pelo filósofo Walter Benjamin encontra-se em sua teoria sobre as peças do drama trágico alemão, na obra Origem do Drama Trágico Alemão. Buscaremos, no desenvolvimento deste artigo, apresentar uma breve introdução sobre a obra de Benjamin, cuja prioridade será a explanação da teoria benjaminiana da alegoria relacionada com a produção da arte do Barroco do século XVII. Procuraremos, ainda, discutir as peculiaridades filosóficas, históricas e teológicas dessa teoria, atentando, sobretudo, para sua constituição como expressão de uma época.
Violenta prosa
Authors: Ribeiro Ewerton Martins
Published: January 2025

Diálogo estabelecido a partir de entrevistas com os professores Georg Otte e Jacyntho Lins Brandão sobre “Literatura e Violência”.
O silêncio trágico do sertão
Authors: Santiago Sobrinho João Batista
Published: January 2025

Resumo: Faz algum tempo perscrutamos a escritura rosiana em sua tragicidade. Nesse sentido, a maneira como Clément Rosset percebe o silêncio em seu livro A lógica do pior se revelou um excelente dispositivo teórico para pensar o silêncio do sertão. Tomamos a palavra sertão, da maneira ampliada que João Guimarães Rosa o concebeu em sua escritura, isto é, para o escritor mineiro, “sertão é o mundo”. Sendo assim, nossa análise partirá de uma ideia mais geral do silêncio, não desgarrado da vida, sobretudo contemporânea, na sua relação com a técnica, para enfim se debruçar sobre o que queremos divisar no sertão: o silêncio trágico.
O EU E O OUTRO
Authors: Machado Maria Zélia Versiani
Published: January 2025

The aim of this essay is to discc the importance of lietrary criticism in the rediscovery of Eu, by Augusto dos Anjos as well as to propose a reading of his poetry.
Obra de aproximação
Authors: Gonçalves Filipe de Freitas
Published: January 2025

Este artigo propõe a análise do ensaio Atualidade de Chopin (1942), de Mário de Andrade (1893-1945), e do conjunto de crônicas O Banquete (1945), também de Mário de Andrade, procurando mostrar como se constrói, na fase final de reflexão do poeta paulista, uma visão que procura articular excelência artística e expressão nacional. Essa articulação aparece, no ensaio sobre Chopin, na forma da conjugação entre o uso que o compositor polonês faz do legado clássico e sua produção romântica e, no caso das crônicas musicais, no conceito de alegro brasileiro. Nos dois casos, estamos diante de um conceito de forma artística que equilibra o conteúdo social e a perfeição formal.
Mantenha fora do alcance do bebê
Authors: Gomez Silvia
Published: January 2025

Mantenha fora do alcance do bebê foi escrita em 2007, mas estreou somente no dia 12 de junho de 2015, às 21h, na Sala Jardel Filho, abrindo a primeira edição da “Mostra de dramaturgia em pequenos formatos cênicos” do Centro Cultural São Paulo (CCSP), na qual foi premiada. A montagem teve direção de Eric Lenate e, no elenco, Débora Falabella, Anapaula Csernik, Jorge Emil e Diego Dac. A encenação fez ainda outras temporadas em São Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro. A dramaturgia foi indicada ao Prêmio Shell e venceu os prêmios APCA (Associação Paulista de Críticos de Arte) e Aplauso Brasil, no mesmo ano. Também em 2015, a peça teve leitura na Escócia como parte do projeto Curioso, residência de dramaturgia e intercâmbio cultural Brasil-Escócia organizada pelo Playwrights’ Studio em parceria com o British Council.
Créditos
Authors: Leite Alice Diniz , Oliveira Bruna Stéphane , Carvalho Camila , Carvalho João Pedro de , Silva Lorena Rosário , Cordeiro Tiago de Melo
Published: January 2025

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Da solidão e do exílio
Authors: Fonseca Ester Cordeiro da , Cavalheiro Juciane dos Santos
Published: January 2025

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar reflexões a respeito das relações entre os campos da História e da Literatura, em uma posição de intersecção, a partir da análise das obras A noite da espera (2017) e Pontos de fuga (2019), de Milton Hatoum. Por uma perspectiva que coloca em diálogo a visão de algumas propostas teóricas, é essa relação fronteiriça que pretendemos discutir inicialmente, partindo do pensamento aristotélico e perpassando pelos estudos de Ranciére (2009), Saer (2012) e Volóchinov (2019). Compreendendo que a ficção não nega a realidade dita objetiva, consideramos que o plano histórico é incorporado e assimilado pela literatura ao seu modo único, em uma abordagem mais ampla. Dessa maneira, buscamos, ainda, compreender como a literatura atua como arquivo da memória e de que forma atmosferas de opressão e violência são capazes de propiciar duas temáticas fundamentais nas obras de Hatoum: a solidão e o exílio.