bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of horizontal neck wrinkles by Endolift laser: Biometric measurement
Authors: Nilforoushzadeh Mohammad Ali , Heidari‐Kharaji Maryam , Nobari Niloufar Najar , Torkamaniha Elham , Rafiee Shohreh , Shahverdi Mohammadhasan , Tehrani Sepideh , Fakhim Tannaz
Published: April 2024

Background

One of the common esthetic complaints of patients is horizontal neck wrinkles that have limited treatment modality.

Aim

In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of the Endolift laser on the horizontal neck wrinkles.

Methods

Totally, 10 healthy female and male patients suffering horizontal neck wrinkles were joined in this study. All patients are treated with Endolift laser. The effect of the Endolift methods on the horizontal neck wrinkles was evaluated by biometric parameter changed results with Cutometer, Visioface, and the Skin Ultrasound Imaging system. Also, three blinded dermatologists and patients’ satisfaction were evaluated.

Results

The Visoface results showed that the Endolift laser treatment significantly decline the depth and area of horizontal neck wrinkle. The skin ultrasonography results reported the epidermis and dermis density and thickness were significantly increased. Also, the cutometer outcomes displayed that the Endolift laser treatment can increase skin elasticity. Also, significantly a greater number of patients were well satisfied with the technique.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Endolift laser is a safe and effective method for decreasing the horizontal neck wrinkles and improving the appearance of the neck. This procedure does not require general anesthesia and recovery time.
Evaluation of the effects of adding an adipose tissue‐derived stromal vascular fraction to platelet‐rich plasma injection in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Behrangi Elham , Rahimi Seyyedeh Tahereh , Zare Sona , Goodarzi Azadeh , Ghassemi Mohammadreza , Khodadad Fariba , Nouri Maryam , Mozafarpoor Samaneh , Dehghani Abbas , Nilforoushzadeh Mohammad Ali , Roohaninasab Masoumeh
Published: April 2024

Background

Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells derived from adipose tissue and platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) are among novel treatments for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). We aimed to investigate the effect of adding SVF to PRP and compare it to administering PRP injection alone.

Methods

Eighteen patients were randomly divided into two groups of nine. The PRP group was treated with PRP at all three visits at 1‐month intervals, while the SVF‐PRP group received an SVF injection on the first visit and a PRP injection on the second and third visits. Each group was evaluated at baseline and 20 weeks after the therapy's initiation.

Results

Changes in mean hair diameter and hair count compared to baseline were significant in both groups. The PRP group experienced a greater increase in mean hair count than the SVF‐PRP group, and the SVF‐PRP group had a marginally greater increase in hair diameter than the PRP group. These differences were not statistically significant compared to each other. The patient and physician assessment scores exceeded the mean (on a scale from 0: poor to 3: excellent) in both groups.

Conclusion

Adding one SVF injection to two PRP treatment sessions versus three PRP injections alone had no significant difference in evaluated variables. If additional research demonstrates the same results, we suggest that multiple SVF injection sessions may be required to produce a statistically significant difference compared to PRP injection alone. Moreover, considering lower cost and greater accessibility of PRP, it can be used before SVF in the treatment of AGA.
Characterisation of the novel HLA‐DPB1*1437:01 and HLA‐DPB1*1438:01 alleles by next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Chen Chen , Dong Lina , Wang Fang , Chen Nanying , Zhu Faming
Published: April 2024

The novel HLA‐DPB1*1437:01 and HLA‐DPB1*1438:01 alleles first identified in the Chinese individuals.
Media Coverage of China During COVID-19: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hu Xiaolin , Kasimon Diyana Nawar , Wan Abas Wan Anita
Published: April 2024

The first case of COVID-19 appeared in China in late 2019, followed by a global outbreak of the virus. There are many articles examining the content of media coverage of China, but the topics examining media coverage of China during COVID-19 are still very new and have not been adequately studied. Knowledge related to Media coverage of China during COVID-19 was analyzed and visualized using CiteSpace software with the Web of Science Core Collection as the data source. The main findings suggest that media coverage of China during COVID-19 is a relatively recent topic of research. (1) The three most influential journals in this area are Communication, Psychology Multidisciplinary, and Public Environmental Occupational Health. Zhang W., Chen Q, et al. are among the most influential authors. (2) Co-author networks are decentralized, whereas transnational collaborations take place in groups. 10 clusters are considered to be of high interest, of which "covid-19 governance" "contesting coronavirus narrative" "understanding public protective behavioral intention" has persisted to this day. (3) Thirteen emergent terms illustrate the evolution of the field's research frontiers, the earliest being "social media," "fake news," etc., followed by "support," "emotions," "media," etc., and finally "media satisfaction" and "media perceptions."Finally, its contributions, limitations and directions for further research are discussed. The findings of this study predict future trends in research on media coverage of China during COVID-19 and provide a basis for more in-depth research.
Completed prismatic F-crystals and crystalline Zp-local systems
Authors: Du Heng , Liu Tong , Moon Yong Suk , Shimizu Koji
Published: April 2024

We introduce the notion of completed $F$-crystals on the absolute prismatic site of a smooth $p$-adic formal scheme. We define a functor from the category of completed prismatic $F$-crystals to that of crystalline étale $\mathbf {Z}_p$-local systems on the generic fiber of the formal scheme and show that it gives an equivalence of categories. This generalizes the work of Bhatt and Scholze, which treats the case of a mixed characteristic complete discrete valuation ring with perfect residue field.
Enhanced Detection of Syringe Defects Based on an Improved YOLOv7-Tiny Deep-Learning Model
Authors: Zhao Wenxuan , Wang Ling , Mao Chentao , Chen Xiai , Gao Yanfeng , Wang Binrui
Published: April 2024

The timely and accurate identification of syringe defects plays a key role in effectively improving product quality in production lines of syringes. In this article, we collected a dataset of image samples representing five common types of syringe defects found on the production line. The dataset comprises over 5000 images, with an average of three different syringe defects per image. Based on this dataset, we designed a syringe defect detection model based on an improved You Only Look Once Version 7 (YOLOv7)-Tiny proposed in this paper. The model combines the Res-PAN structure, the ACmix mixed attention mechanism, the FReLU activation function, and the SIoU loss function. The comparative experiments are conducted on the self-built dataset SYR-Dat to evaluate the performance of the proposed syringe defect detection model. The average precision of the model reaches 94.1%. To ensure the effectiveness of the model, it is compared with other models, including SSD300, Faster R-CNN, EfficientDet, RetinaNet, YOLOv5s, YOLOv6, and YOLOv7. The results demonstrate that the proposed improved YOLOv7-Tiny model can better capture the features of syringe defects. Furthermore, the generalization of the improved YOLOv7-Tiny model is validated on the VOC2012 dataset. The results indicate that the improved model continues to outperform the baseline models. The proposed syringe defect detection model shows promising application prospects, as it can reduce the rate of defective products and improve product quality.
Experimental Study and Creep-Fatigue Life Prediction of Turbine Blade Material DZ125 Considering the Nonholding Effect and Coupling Effect of Stress and High Temperature
Authors: Sun Debin , Wan Zhenhua
Published: April 2024

In response to the problem of creep-fatigue interaction damage failure of aero-engine turbine blade material, based on the modified damage evolution model of Kachanov-Rabotnov and Chaboche, a creep-fatigue life prediction model for nickel-based superalloy DZ125 is constructed considering the nonholding effect and coupling effect of stress and high temperature with the nonlinear interaction and superposition of creep damage and fatigue damage according to the continuum damage mechanics theory. Simultaneously, the microfracture morphology of DZ125 was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope, revealing the micromechanism of creep-fatigue interaction. The research results manifest that the creep-fatigue life prediction model has a high life prediction ability within ±2.0 times the dispersion band of the prediction results. Concurrently, a large number of intertwined tearing edges, microcracks, and microvoids appear in the fracture morphology, and creep and fatigue interact with each other in the form of effective stress. The above research can provide theoretical support for predicting the lifespan of mechanical structures in a high-temperature environment.
Fusion of memristor and digital compute-in-memory processing for energy-efficient edge computing
Authors: Wen Tai-Hao , Hung Je-Min , Huang Wei-Hsing , Jhang Chuan-Jia , Lo Yun-Chen , Hsu Hung-Hsi , Ke Zhao-En , Chen Yu-Chiao , Chin Yu-Hsiang , Su Chin-I , Khwa Win-San , Lo Chung-Chuan , Liu Ren-Shuo , Hsieh Chih-Cheng , Tang Kea-Tiong , Ho Mon-Shu , Chou Chung-Cheng , Chih Yu-Der , Chang Tsung-Yung Jonathan , Chang Meng-Fan
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) edge devices prefer employing high-capacity nonvolatile compute-in-memory (CIM) to achieve high energy efficiency and rapid wakeup-to-response with sufficient accuracy. Most previous works are based on either memristor-based CIMs, which suffer from accuracy loss and do not support training as a result of limited endurance, or digital static random-access memory (SRAM)–based CIMs, which suffer from large area requirements and volatile storage. We report an AI edge processor that uses a memristor-SRAM CIM-fusion scheme to simultaneously exploit the high accuracy of the digital SRAM CIM and the high energy-efficiency and storage density of the resistive random-access memory memristor CIM. This also enables adaptive local training to accommodate personalized characterization and user environment. The fusion processor achieved high CIM capacity, short wakeup-to-response latency (392 microseconds), high peak energy efficiency (77.64 teraoperations per second per watt), and robust accuracy (<0.5% accuracy loss). This work demonstrates that memristor technology has moved beyond in-lab development stages and now has manufacturability for AI edge processors.
Neuroendocrine cells initiate protective upper airway reflexes
Authors: Seeholzer Laura F. , Julius David
Published: April 2024

Airway neuroendocrine (NE) cells have been proposed to serve as specialized sensory epithelial cells that modulate respiratory behavior by communicating with nearby nerve endings. However, their functional properties and physiological roles in the healthy lung, trachea, and larynx remain largely unknown. In this work, we show that murine NE cells in these compartments have distinct biophysical properties but share sensitivity to two commonly aspirated noxious stimuli, water and acid. Moreover, we found that tracheal and laryngeal NE cells protect the airways by releasing adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) to activate purinoreceptive sensory neurons that initiate swallowing and expiratory reflexes. Our work uncovers the broad molecular and biophysical diversity of NE cells across the airways and reveals mechanisms by which these specialized excitable cells serve as sentinels for activating protective responses.
A national-scale assessment of land subsidence in China’s major cities
Authors: Ao Zurui , Hu Xiaomei , Tao Shengli , Hu Xie , Wang Guoquan , Li Mingjia , Wang Fang , Hu Litang , Liang Xiuyu , Xiao Jingfeng , Yusup Asadilla , Qi Wenhua , Ran Qinwei , Fang Jiayi , Chang Jinfeng , Zeng Zhenzhong , Fu Yongshuo , Xue Baolin , Wang Ping , Zhao Kefei , Li Le , Li Wenkai , Li Yumei , Jiang Mi , Yang Yuanhe , Shen Haihua , Zhao Xia , Shi Yue , Wu Bo , Yan Zhengbing , Wang Mengjia , Su Yanjun , Hu Tianyu , Ma Qin , Bai Hao , Wang Lijun , Yang Ziyan , Feng Yuhao , Zhang Danhua , Huang Erhan , Pan Jiamin , Ye Huiying , Yang Chen , Qin Yanwei , He Chenqi , Guo Yanpei , Cheng Kai , Ren Yu , Yang Haitao , Zheng Chengyang , Zhu Jiangling , Wang Shaopeng , Ji Chengjun , Zhu Biao , Liu Hongyan , Tang Zhiyao , Wang Zhiheng , Zhao Shuqing , Tang Yanhong , Xing Hanfa , Guo Qinghua , Liu Yu , Fang Jingyun
Published: April 2024

China’s massive wave of urbanization may be threatened by land subsidence. Using a spaceborne synthetic aperture radar interferometry technique, we provided a systematic assessment of land subsidence in all of China’s major cities from 2015 to 2022. Of the examined urban lands, 45% are subsiding faster than 3 millimeters per year, and 16% are subsiding faster than 10 millimeters per year, affecting 29 and 7% of the urban population, respectively. The subsidence appears to be associated with a range of factors such as groundwater withdrawal and the weight of buildings. By 2120, 22 to 26% of China’s coastal lands will have a relative elevation lower than sea level, hosting 9 to 11% of the coastal population, because of the combined effect of city subsidence and sea-level rise. Our results underscore the necessity of enhancing protective measures to mitigate potential damages from subsidence.
Reprioritizing motivations in addiction
Authors: Millan E. Zayra , McNally Gavan P.
Published: April 2024

Drugs of abuse alter neuronal signaling
Complete genome of
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
AC001_UM from Red River soil banks in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Wimalasekara Ruwani L. , Sykes Ellen M. E. , White Dawn , Rathgeber Chris , Kumar Ayush
Published: April 2024

We report the whole-genome sequence and antibiotic-resistance gene profile of an
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
isolate, designated AC001_UM, taken from soil along the Red River in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. The genome comprised 3,916,544 nucleotides (GC content: 38.7%). Antibiotic-resistance gene analysis revealed a class D β-lactamase and three efflux pump families.
Renormalisation group running effects in $$pp\rightarrow t{\bar{t}}h$$ in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory
Authors: Di Noi Stefano , Gröber Ramona
Published: April 2024

We study the effects of renormalisation group running of the Wilson coefficients in Standard Model Effective Field Theory, using the process $$pp \rightarrow t {\bar{t}}h$$

p
p
→
t

t

¯

h

as a showcase. We consider both strong and top Yukawa running effects, since the latter can be relevant in presence of large Wilson coefficients. We study the difference between the use of a dynamical and fixed renormalisation scale by exploring different scenarios for the higher-dimensional operators at the high energy scale of new physics, assumed to be at the TeV scale.
Analytical Gaussian process cosmography: unveiling insights into matter-energy density parameter at present
Authors: Dinda Bikash R.
Published: April 2024

In this study, we introduce a novel analytical Gaussian Process (GP) cosmography methodology, leveraging the differentiable properties of GPs to derive key cosmological quantities analytically. Our approach combines cosmic chronometer (CC) Hubble parameter data with growth rate (f) observations to constrain the $$\Omega _{\textrm{m0}}$$

Ω
m0

parameter, offering insights into the underlying dynamics of the Universe. By formulating a consistency relation independent of specific cosmological models, we analyze under a flat FLRW metric and first-order Newtonian perturbation theory framework. Our analytical approach simplifies the process of Gaussian Process regression (GPR), providing a more efficient means of handling large datasets while offering deeper interpretability of results. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our methodology by deriving precise constraints on $$\Omega _{\textrm{m0}}h^2$$

Ω
m0

h
2

, revealing $$\Omega _\textrm{m0}h^2=0.139\pm 0.017$$

Ω
m0

h
2

=
0.139
±
0.017

. Moreover, leveraging $$H_0$$

H
0

observations, we further constrain $$\Omega _{\textrm{m0}}$$

Ω
m0

, uncovering an inverse correlation between mean $$H_0$$

H
0

and $$\Omega _{\textrm{m0}}$$

Ω
m0

. Our investigation offers a proof of concept for analytical GP cosmography, highlighting the advantages of analytical methods in cosmological parameter estimation.
Automorphisms of moduli spaces of principal bundles over a smooth curve
Authors: Fringuelli Roberto
Published: April 2024

For any almost-simple group [Formula: see text] over an algebraically closed field [Formula: see text] of characteristic zero, we describe the automorphism group of the moduli space of semistable [Formula: see text]-bundles over a connected smooth projective curve [Formula: see text] of genus at least [Formula: see text]. The result is achieved by studying the singular fibers of the Hitchin fibration. As a byproduct, we provide a description of the irreducible components of two natural closed subsets in the Hitchin basis: the divisor of singular cameral curves and the divisor of singular Hitchin fibers.
A Highly Reliable, Stacked-Capacitor, Voltage-Programmed Pixel Circuit Using a-IGZO TFTs for AMOLED Displays
Authors: Dubey Divya , Srivastava Akriti , Goswami Manish , Kandpal Kavindra
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes a stacked-capacitor pixel circuit for flexible AMOLED (Active Matrix-Organic Light Emitting Diode) displays based on the a-IGZO (Amorphous-Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide) TFT (Thin Film Transistor). A calibrated HSPICE level-61 a-IGZO TFT model is used for CAD simulations. The proposed design compensates for V[Formula: see text] shifts in the TFT by employing a stacked capacitor configuration for threshold voltage detection. The simulated results show a percentage error in the OLED current of less than 0.04% for a maximum tensile and compressive strain of 0.3%. The circuit can suppress the error in OLED current to 1.83% for a V[Formula: see text] shift in the range of 0 V to 2.1 V, from the nominal 0.7 V, with an input data voltage of 15 V. Therefore, the proposed pixel circuit topology proves to be a highly reliable pixel architecture which can be effectively used in AMOLED displays.
Optimization of Ultra-Wideband MIMO Antenna Design Using a Novel Convolutional Neural Network Approach
Authors: Zhang Min , Chen Qi , Yan Song
Published: April 2024

Aiming at the low efficiency of antenna modeling and solving the problems of slow training speed and high resource consumption when multiple antenna structural parameters are optimized simultaneously, a new deep multi-layer convolutional neural network (DMCNN) is proposed. The DMCNN model uses four layers of ladder-type fully connected layers combined with convolutional layers to improve the learning and classification capabilities of data features. It adds a LeakyReLU activation function to solve the problem of neurons disappearing in negative value areas and alternately uses maximum pooling and average pooling operations to update training parameters to reduce the amount of calculation and maintain feature invariance. Apply Adam optimizer combined with dropout technology to adjust the learning rate and reduce weight fluctuations. The DMCNN model extracts samples from the geometric construction parameters of the ultra-wideband multiple-input multiple-output (UWB MIMO) antenna as feature input to predict the return loss [Formula: see text] and insertion loss [Formula: see text]. Simulation results prove that the DMCNN model’s prediction fit for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] reached 98.48% and 95.02%, respectively. Compared with the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and Fully Connected Neural Network (FCNN) models, the training effect was improved by at least 11.66%. It solves the shortcomings of traditional methods, and has excellent UWB MIMO antenna modeling capabilities.
On 2-absorbing ideals of non-commutative semirings
Authors: Adarbeh Mohammad , Saleh Mohammad
Published: April 2024

Let [Formula: see text] be a non-commutative semiring with [Formula: see text]. We study the notions of 2-absorbing and strong 2-absorbing ideals of [Formula: see text] and we show that if the semiring is commutative, then these two notions are the same. Also, we give an example to show that in general, these two notions are different. Many properties of (strong) 2-absorbing ideals are proved as a generalization to the results for those over rings. For example, we show that a proper subtractive ideal [Formula: see text] of a semiring [Formula: see text] is a 2-absorbing ideal of [Formula: see text] if and only if whenever [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are left ideals of [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text].
Semi-generalized co-Bassian groups
Authors: Chekhlov Andrey R. , Danchev Peter V. , Keef Patrick W.
Published: April 2024

As a common nontrivial generalization of the notion of a generalized co-Bassian group, recently defined by the third author, we introduce the notion of a semi-generalized co-Bassian group and initiate its comprehensive study. Specifically, we give a complete characterization of these groups in the cases of [Formula: see text]-torsion groups and groups of finite torsion-free rank by showing that these groups can be completely determined in terms of generalized finite [Formula: see text]-ranks and also depends on their quotients modulo the maximal torsion subgroup. Surprisingly, for [Formula: see text]-primary groups, the concept of a semi-generalized co-Bassian group is closely related to that of a generalized co-Bassian group.
Applications of Adaptive Optics Imaging for Studying Conditions Affecting the Fovea
Authors: Kreis Joseph , Carroll Joseph
Published: April 2024

The fovea is a highly specialized region of the central retina, defined by an absence of inner retinal layers and the accompanying vasculature, an increased density of cone photoreceptors, a near absence of rod photoreceptors, and unique private-line photoreceptor to midget ganglion cell circuitry. These anatomical specializations support high-acuity vision in humans. While direct study of foveal shape and size is routinely performed using optical coherence tomography, examination of the other anatomical specializations of the fovea has only recently become possible using an array of adaptive optics (AO)-based imaging tools. These devices correct for the eye's monochromatic aberrations and permit cellular-resolution imaging of the living retina. In this article, we review the application of AO-based imaging techniques to conditions affecting the fovea, with an emphasis on how imaging has advanced our understanding of pathophysiology.
JAK inhibition during the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection worsens kidney injury by suppressing endogenous antiviral activity in mice
Authors: Sakai Hibiki , Kamuro Hiroyasu , Tokunoh Nagisa , Izawa Takeshi , Tamiya Shigeyuki , Yamamoto Ayaha , Tanaka Shota , Okuzaki Daisuke , Ono Chikako , Matsuura Yoshiharu , Okada Yoshiaki , Yoshioka Yasuo , Fujio Yasushi , Obana Masanori
Published: April 2024

Patients frequently present with acute kidney injury or abnormal urinary findings after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Here, we investigated how the kidneys respond during SARS-CoV-2 infection using a murine coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) model and showed that Janus kinase-mediated endogenous antiviral activity protects against kidney injury in the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings provide valuable insights into the renal pathophysiology of COVID-19.
Cannabinoid receptor type 1 activation causes a water diuresis by inducing an acute central diabetes insipidus in mice
Authors: Rein Joshua L. , Mackie Ken , Kleyman Thomas R. , Satlin Lisa M.
Published: April 2024

The CB1R agonist WIN55,212-2 induces central diabetes insipidus in mice. This research integrates existing knowledge regarding the diuretic effects of cannabinoids and the influence of CB1R on vasopressin secretion while adding new mechanistic insights about total body water homeostasis. Our findings provide a deeper understanding about the potential clinical impact of cannabinoids on human physiology and may help identify targets for novel therapeutics to treat water and electrolyte disorders such as hyponatremia and volume overload.
Double-negative T cells have a reparative role after experimental severe ischemic acute kidney injury
Authors: Lee Kyungho , Gharaie Sepideh , Kurzhagen Johanna T. , Newman-Rivera Andrea M. , Arend Lois J. , Noel Sanjeev , Rabb Hamid
Published: April 2024

Double-negative (DN) T cells (CD4− CD8−) are unconventional kidney T cells with regulatory abilities. Their role in repair from acute kidney injury (AKI) is unknown. Kidney DN T cell population decreased during repair after ischemic AKI, in contrast to regulatory T cells (Tregs) which increased. DN T cell administration accelerated tubular repair in vitro, while after severe in vivo ischemic injury reduced kidney fibrosis and increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). DN T cell infusion is a potential therapeutic agent to improve outcome from severe AKI.
Keratin 5 basal cells are temporally regulated developmental and tissue repair progenitors in bladder urothelium
Authors: Becknell Brian , El-Harakeh Mohammad , Rodriguez-Tirado Felipe , Grounds Kelly M. , Li Birong , Kercsmar Macie , Wang Xin , Jackson Ashley R.
Published: April 2024

Fate mapping reveals an important linear relationship, whereby bladder basal urothelial cells give rise to intermediate and superficial cells in an age-restricted manner and contribute to tissue repair. Neonatal basal cells reprise their role as superior progenitors in vitro and display distinct transcriptional signatures, which suggest progenitor function is at least partially cell intrinsic. However, the urothelium progenitor niche cannot be overlooked, since FGF7 rescues adult basal cell progenitor function.
Acute effects of testosterone on whole body protein metabolism in hypogonadal and eugonadal conditions: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study
Authors: Ornstrup Marie Juul , Høst Christian , Rittig Nikolaj , Gravholt Claus H.
Published: April 2024

In a model of medically induced hypogonadism in male volunteers, we found increased whole body urea flux and net protein loss as an expected consequence of hypogonadism. Our study demonstrates the novel finding that the application of transdermal testosterone had no acute effects on whole body protein metabolism under eugonadal conditions, nor could it mitigate the hypogonadism-induced changes in protein metabolism. In contrast, insulin (during clamp) mitigated the effects of hypogonadism on protein metabolism.
Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC): human studies design and protocol
Authors:   MoTrPAC Study Group, Jakicic John M. , Kohrt Wendy M. , Houmard Joseph A. , Miller Michael E. , Radom-Aizik Shlomit , Rasmussen Blake B. , Ravussin Eric , Serra Monica , Stowe Cynthia L. , Trappe Scott , Abouassi Hiba , Adkins Joshua N. , Alekel D. Lee , Ashley Euan , Bamman Marcas M. , Bergman Bryan C. , Bessesen Daniel H. , Broskey Nicholas T. , Buford Thomas W. , Burant Charles F. , Chen Haiying , Christle Jeffrey W. , Clish Clary B. , Coen Paul M. , Collier David , Collins Katherine A. , Cooper Daniel M. , Cortes Tiffany , Cutter Gary R. , Dubis Gabriel , Fernández Facundo M. , Firnhaber Jonathon , Forman Daniel E. , Gaul David A. , Gay Nicole , Gerszten Robert E. , Goodpaster Bret H. , Gritsenko Marina A. , Haddad Fadia , Huffman Kim M. , Ilkayeva Olga , Jankowski Catherine M. , Jin Christopher , Johannsen Neil M. , Johnson Johanna , Kelly Leslie , Kershaw Erin , Kraus William E. , Laughlin Maren , Lester Bridget , Lindholm Malene E. , Lowe Adam , Lu Ching-Ju , McGowan Joan , Melanson Edward L. , Montgomery Stephen , Moore Samuel G. , Moreau Kerrie L. , Muehlbauer Michael , Musi Nicolas , Nair Venugopalan D. , Newgard Christopher B. , Newman Anne B. , Nicklas Barbara , Nindl Bradley C. , Ormond Kelly , Piehowski Paul D. , Qian Wei-Jun , Rankinen Tuomo , Rejeski W. Jack , Robbins Jeremy , Rogers Renee J. , Rooney Jessica L. , Rushing Scott , Sanford James A. , Schauer Irene E. , Schwartz Robert S. , Sealfon Stuart C. , Slentz Cris , Sloan Ruben , Smith Kevin S. , Snyder Michael , Spahn Jessica , Sparks Lauren M. , Stefanovic-Racic Maja , Tanner Charles J. , Thalacker-Mercer Anna , Tracy Russell , Trappe Todd A. , Volpi Elena , Walsh Martin J. , Wheeler Matthew T. , Willis Leslie
Published: April 2024

The Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) will be the first large trial to isolate the effects of structured exercise training on the molecular mechanisms underlying the health benefits of exercise and physical activity. By generating a compendium of the molecular responses to exercise, MoTrPAC will lay the foundation for a new era of biomedical research on Precision Exercise Medicine. Presented here is the design, protocols, and procedures for the MoTrPAC human studies.
Transient Response of Multiple Interface Cracks in Fine-Grained Coating Composite Structures under Impact Loading
Authors: Hu Shuaishuai , Li Junlin
Published: April 2024

The mechanical behavior of the fine-grained piezoelectric/substrate structure with multiple interface cracks under the electromechanical impact loading is investigated. Using the Laplace and Fourier integral transforms, the double-coupled singular integral equations and single-valued conditions of the problems are formulated. Both the singular integral equation and single-valued conditions are simplified into an algebraic equation through the Chebyshev point placement method and solved by numerical calculation. Then, the expression of the dynamic energy release rate is given with the help of the dynamic intensity factors of electric displacement and stress obtained. Finally, numerical results of the dynamic energy release rate with material parameters are demonstrated. The results show that the dynamic energy release rate depends on the size of the interface cracks, coating thickness, and the mechanical–electrical loading. Meanwhile, the fine-grained piezoelectric structures exhibit safer structural performance compared to normal one.
Residual Convolutional Neural Network for Lithology Classification: A Case Study of an Iranian Gas Field
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Hamid Reza , Hosseini-Nasab Seyed Mojtaba
Published: April 2024

Gas reservoir development and the estimation of rock properties heavily rely on lithology classification, which can be difficult, time‐consuming, and prone to errors. In this study, a novel deep learning‐based approach has been developed for the rapid, accurate, and efficient prediction of lithology in a gas field from conventional well‐log data. The well‐logs, referred to as numerical well‐logs (NWLs), are transformed into two‐dimensional images through two proposed approaches: shallow images (SIs) and deep images (DIs). In these images, the pixels effectively represent the relationships between different logs. For this purpose, we developed residual convolutional neural networks (ResCNN) named SIs‐ResCNN 2D and DIs‐ResCNN 2D. The feed data for DIs‐ResCNN 2D are images created and referred to as DIs, which are initially formed from a vector in which the order of logs is somehow repeated, ensuring that each pairwise combination occurs only once. This resulted in the incorporation of the connection between the logs within the pixels of the generated images, alongside the integration of unique binary combinations of the logs. We compared the proposed models, including DIs‐ResCNN 2D, DIs‐ResCNN 2D, and NWLs‐ResCNN 1D with baseline methods such as random forest (RF), K‐nearest neighbor (KNN), and support vector machine (SVM). Based on the evaluation metrics, DIs‐ResCNN 2D outperformed the other proposed and baseline methods on the test dataset. A balanced DIs‐ResCNN 2D model achieved 93% accuracy and F1‐score of 80% on a test well, highlighting the importance of data balancing during CNN model training.
Beyond Infantile Hemangiomas: A Glimpse into Overlapping Rare Syndromes Emphasizing the Vigilant Screening for PHACE and LUMBAR Syndromes
Authors: Berríos Luis R. , Rodríguez Bianca C. , Sadurní Mariana B. , Martinez Karla J. , Santiago Carla M. , González Natasha K.
Published: April 2024

Infantile hemangiomas are the most common birthmark in newborns. They are clinically diagnosed and usually self‐limited. However, there are several exceptions with aggressive types of hemangiomas that can be associated with extracutaneous anomalies, such as PHACE syndrome (posterior fossa anomalies, upper body hemangiomas, arterial anomalies, cardiac anomalies, and eye anomalies) and LUMBAR syndrome (lower body hemangiomas, ulcerations/urogenital anomalies, myelopathies, bony deformities, anorectal malformations/arterial anomalies, and renal anomalies). These two syndromes, described in the literature with distinct features, have rarely been reported in the same patient. We discuss one of the few cases reported with overlapping features of the PHACE and LUMBAR syndromes that initially presented with infantile hemangiomas, as well as other nonspecific skin and systemic findings. Minimal guidance has been described due to the need for more scientific literature. Our aim is to reinforce awareness of these two syndromes and the possibility of an overlap presentation between them. Furthermore, we emphasize the need for an interdisciplinary approach with screening for all known associations to avoid missing essential components of these syndromes that can lead to significant morbidity and lifetime complications.
Omental Preadipocytes Stimulate Matrix Remodeling and IGF Signaling to Support Ovarian Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Waters Jennifer A. , Robinson Mikella , Lujano-Olazaba Omar , Lucht Cassidy , Gilbert Samuel F. , House Carrie D.
Published: April 2024

Ovarian cancer can metastasize to the omentum, which is associated with a complex tumor microenvironment. Omental stromal cells facilitate ovarian cancer colonization by secreting cytokines and growth factors. An improved understanding of the tumor-supportive functions of specific cell populations in the omentum could identify strategies to prevent and treat ovarian cancer metastasis. Here, we showed that omental preadipocytes enhance the tumor initiation capacity of ovarian cancer cells. Secreted factors from preadipocytes supported cancer cell viability during nutrient and isolation stress and enabled prolonged proliferation. Coculturing with preadipocytes led to the upregulation of genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, cellular response to stress, and regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling in ovarian cancer cells. IGF1 induced ECM genes and increased alternative NF-κB signaling by activating RelB. Inhibiting the IGF1 receptor initially increased tumor omental adhesion but decreased the growth of established preadipocyte-induced subcutaneous tumors as well as established intraperitoneal tumors. Together, this study shows that omental preadipocytes support ovarian cancer progression, which has implications for targeting metastasis.

Significance: Omental preadipocyte-mediated IGF1 signaling promotes ovarian cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis via extracellular matrix remodeling, revealing a role for preadipocytes in regulating ovarian cancer progression and highlighting potential therapeutic targets for metastatic disease.
CD58 Alterations Govern Antitumor Immune Responses by Inducing PDL1 and IDO in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Xu Xiyue , Zhang Yidan , Lu Yaxiao , Zhang Xiaoyan , Zhao Cuicui , Wang Jiesong , Guan Qingpei , Feng Yingfang , Gao Meng , Yu Jingwei , Song Zheng , Liu Xia , Golchehre Zahra , Li Lanfang , Ren Weicheng , Pan-Hammarström Qiang , Zhang Huilai , Wang Xianhuo
Published: April 2024

Recurrent abnormalities in immune surveillance–related genes affect the progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and modulate the response to therapeutic interventions. CD58 interacts with the CD2 receptor on T cells and NK cells and is recurrently mutated and deleted in DLBCL, suggesting that it may play a role in regulating antitumor immunity. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the genomic characteristics of CD58 through targeted next-generation sequencing, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), whole-exome sequencing, and single-cell RNA-seq in patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL. The CD58 mutation rate was 9.1%, and the copy number loss rate was 44.7% among all enrolled patients with DLBCL. Notably, CD58 genetic alterations, along with low CD58 expression, significantly correlated with reduced rates of response to R-CHOP therapy and inferior progression-free survival and overall survival. Single-cell RNA-seq revealed that CD58 expression in tumor cells was negatively correlated with CD8+ T-cell exhaustion/dysfunction status. Insufficient T-cell activation resulting from CD58 alterations could not be attributed solely to CD2 signaling. CD58 inhibited the activity of the JAK2/STAT1 pathway by activating the LYN/CD22/SH2 domain–containing phosphatase 1 (SHP1) axis, thereby limiting PDL1 and IDO expression. Elevated PDL1 and IDO expression in CD58-deficient DLBCL cells led to immune evasion and tumor-intrinsic resistance to chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Direct activation of CD58–CD2 costimulatory signaling in combination with anti-PDL1 blockade or IDO inhibitor sensitized CD58-deficient DLBCL to chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Collectively, this work identified the multiple roles of CD58 in regulating antitumor immune responses in DLBCL.

Significance: Loss of CD58 mediates immune evasion and therapy resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by upregulating PDL1 and IDO through LYN/CD22/SHP1 signaling, providing potential targets and therapeutic strategies to improve patient treatment.
Supplementary Table from Association between Receipt of Guideline-Concordant Lung Cancer Treatment and Individual- and Area-Level Factors: A Spatio-Temporal Analysis
Authors: Wah Win , Stirling Rob G. , Ahern Susannah , Earnest Arul
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Table from Association between Receipt of Guideline-Concordant Lung Cancer Treatment and Individual- and Area-Level Factors: A Spatio-Temporal Analysis
Supplementary Data from Independent Validation of the PAM50-Based Chemo-Endocrine Score (CES) in Hormone Receptor–Positive HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Anti–HER2-Based Therapy
Authors: Pascual Tomás , Fernandez-Martinez Aranzazu , Tanioka Maki , Dieci M. Vittoria , Pernas Sonia , Gavila Joaquin , Guarneri Valentina , Cortes Javier , Villagrasa Patricia , Chic Núria , Vidal Maria , Adamo Barbara , Muñoz Montserrat , Griguolo Gaia , Llombart Antonio , Conte Pierfranco , Oliveira Mafalda , Conte Benedetta , Paré Laia , Galvan Patricia , Carey Lisa A. , Perou Charles M. , Prat Aleix
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Data
Optimizing the Design and Geometry of T Cell–Engaging Bispecific Antibodies Targeting CEA in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Elsayed Abdullah , Plüss Louis , Nideroest Larissa , Rotta Giulia , Thoma Marina , Zangger Nathan , Peissert Frederik , Pfister Stefanie K. , Pellegrino Christian , Dakhel Plaza Sheila , De Luca Roberto , Manz Markus G. , Oxenius Annette , Puca Emanuele , Halin Cornelia , Neri Dario
Published: April 2024

Metastatic colorectal cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with a 5-year survival rate of only 15%. T cell–engaging bispecific antibodies (TCBs) represent a class of biopharmaceuticals that redirect cytotoxic T cells toward tumor cells, thereby turning immunologically “cold” tumors into “hot” ones. The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is an attractive tumor-associated antigen that is overexpressed in more than 98% of patients with colorectal cancer. In this study, we report the comparison of four different TCB formats employing the antibodies F4 (targeting human CEA) and 2C11 (targeting mouse CD3ε). These formats include both antibody fragment–based and IgG-based constructs, with either one or two binding specificities of the respective antibodies. The 2 + 1 arrangement, using an anti-CEA single-chain diabody fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment, emerged as the most potent design, showing tumor killing at subnanomolar concentrations across three different CEA+ cell lines. The in vitro activity was three times greater in C57BL/6 mouse colon adenocarcinoma cells (MC38) expressing high levels of CEA compared with those expressing low levels, highlighting the impact of CEA density in this assay. The optimal TCB candidate was tested in two different immunocompetent mouse models of colorectal cancer and showed tumor growth retardation. Ex vivo analysis of tumor infiltrates showed an increase in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells upon TCB treatment. This study suggests that bivalent tumor targeting, monovalent T-cell targeting, and a short spatial separation are promising characteristics for CEA-targeting TCBs.
TABLE 1 from First-in-human Phase I Trial of TPST-1120, an Inhibitor of PPARα, as Monotherapy or in Combination with Nivolumab, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Yarchoan Mark , Powderly John D. , Bastos Bruno R. , Karasic Thomas B. , Crysler Oxana V. , Munster Pamela N. , McKean Meredith A. , Emens Leisha A. , Saenger Yvonne M. , Ged Yasser , Stagg Robert , Smith Steven , Whiting Chan C. , Moon Anne , Prasit Peppi , Jenkins Yonchu , Standifer Nathan , Dubensky Thomas W. , Whiting Sam H. , Ulahannan Susanna V.
Published: April 2024

Demographics and patient characteristics of the monotherapy and combination cohorts
Supplementary Figure S2 from First-in-human Phase I Trial of TPST-1120, an Inhibitor of PPARα, as Monotherapy or in Combination with Nivolumab, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Yarchoan Mark , Powderly John D. , Bastos Bruno R. , Karasic Thomas B. , Crysler Oxana V. , Munster Pamela N. , McKean Meredith A. , Emens Leisha A. , Saenger Yvonne M. , Ged Yasser , Stagg Robert , Smith Steven , Whiting Chan C. , Moon Anne , Prasit Peppi , Jenkins Yonchu , Standifer Nathan , Dubensky Thomas W. , Whiting Sam H. , Ulahannan Susanna V.
Published: April 2024

Monotherapy tumor control in late-line cholangiocarcinoma. Change in measurable tumor burden over time is shown for two patients with late-line cholangiocarcinoma demonstrating prolonged disease control achieved with monotherapy TPST-1120, including patient B who achieved multiple stable disease scans with serial shrinkage of tumor burden to a nadir of -13% by RECIST over a duration of 9.5 months on treatment. Prior systemic treatment for patient A included cisplatin/gemcitabine, an investigational multi-kinase inhibitor, and an investigational anti-PD-1, while patient B received carboplatin/taxol, gemcitabine, oxaliplatin/capecitabine, and an investigational anti-PD-1/indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitor combination. Both patients discontinued the most recent therapy regimen received prior to TPST-1120 treatment for progressive disease.
FIGURE 2 from First-in-human Phase I Trial of TPST-1120, an Inhibitor of PPARα, as Monotherapy or in Combination with Nivolumab, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Yarchoan Mark , Powderly John D. , Bastos Bruno R. , Karasic Thomas B. , Crysler Oxana V. , Munster Pamela N. , McKean Meredith A. , Emens Leisha A. , Saenger Yvonne M. , Ged Yasser , Stagg Robert , Smith Steven , Whiting Chan C. , Moon Anne , Prasit Peppi , Jenkins Yonchu , Standifer Nathan , Dubensky Thomas W. , Whiting Sam H. , Ulahannan Susanna V.
Published: April 2024

A, PR in a 54-year-old female with RCC who had disease progression on prior anti-PD-1 therapy. Prior treatment included ipilimumab + nivolumab (first line), cabozantinib (second line), and everolimus (third line) with no better than SD on any regimen. She achieved a PR (−54%) after 8 weeks of treatment with TPST-1120 + nivolumab that deepened to −62% and was durable for more than 1 year. Changes in pulmonary lesions are shown in CT chest scans taken during screening and on-treatment. SD, stable disease. B, PR in an 84-year-old male with heavily pretreated extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. He had an initial increase in tumor burden followed by serial shrinking tumor scans before achieving a nadir of −34% and an overall response of PR at scan 4. SLD: sum of longest diameters.
Data from First-in-human Phase I Trial of TPST-1120, an Inhibitor of PPARα, as Monotherapy or in Combination with Nivolumab, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Yarchoan Mark , Powderly John D. , Bastos Bruno R. , Karasic Thomas B. , Crysler Oxana V. , Munster Pamela N. , McKean Meredith A. , Emens Leisha A. , Saenger Yvonne M. , Ged Yasser , Stagg Robert , Smith Steven , Whiting Chan C. , Moon Anne , Prasit Peppi , Jenkins Yonchu , Standifer Nathan , Dubensky Thomas W. , Whiting Sam H. , Ulahannan Susanna V.
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurpose:
TPST-1120 is a first-in-class oral inhibitor of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), a fatty acid ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, angiogenesis, and inflammation, and is a novel target for cancer therapy. TPST-1120 displayed antitumor activity in xenograft models and synergistic tumor reduction in syngeneic tumor models when combined with anti-PD-1 agents.
Experimental Design:
This phase I, open-label, dose-escalation study (NCT03829436) evaluated TPST-1120 as monotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumors and in combination with nivolumab in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), or hepatocellular carcinoma. Objectives included evaluation of safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary antitumor activity (RECIST v1.1).
Results:
A total of 39 patients enrolled with 38 treated (20 monotherapy, 18 combination; median 3 prior lines of therapy). The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAE) were grade 1–2 nausea, fatigue, and diarrhea. No grade 4–5 TRAEs or dose-limiting toxicities were reported. In the monotherapy group, 53% (10/19) of evaluable patients had a best objective response of stable disease. In the combination group, 3 patients had partial responses, for an objective response rate of 20% (3/15) across all doses and 30% (3/10) at TPST-1120 ≥400 mg twice daily. Responses occurred in 2 patients with RCC, both of whom had previously progressed on anti-PD-1 therapy, and 1 patient with late-line CCA.
Conclusions:
TPST-1120 was well tolerated as monotherapy and in combination with nivolumab and the combination showed preliminary evidence of clinical activity in PD-1 inhibitor refractory and immune compromised cancers.
Significance:
TPST-1120 is a first-in-class oral inhibitor of PPARα, whose roles in metabolic and immune regulation are implicated in tumor proliferation/survival and inhibition of anticancer immunity. This first-in-human study of TPST-1120 alone and in combination with nivolumab supports proof-of-concept of PPARα inhibition as a target of therapeutic intervention in solid tumors.