bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mediation à la française: de opmars van mediation in het Franse recht
Authors: Schillings Marinka , Verkuilen Thom
Published: September 2021

The French way in mediation: the rise of mediation in French law

Mediation is becoming ever more important in French law. For a long time, parties have been able to agree to mediate to avoid expensive and long legal proceedings. Recent reforms have extended the scope of mediation. The courts can ask parties to try and mediate, and in some areas of law, for instance disputes about less than € 5000, mediation has even become a prerequisite for being able to file a case. Whilst mediation is thus playing an important role in everyday disputes, national regulation for mediators is lagging behind. There are no thorough universal standards for mediators and there is no central disciplinary board, even though mediators’ organizations have been creating such professional rules and institutions. It is likely the advent of a mandatory attempt at mediation will lead the French legislator to adopt more universal rules for mediation.
Rola osłon słonecznych
w ograniczaniu zysków solarnych latem
w pasywnej szkole podstawowej
Authors: Dudzińska Anna , Nowak-Dzieszko Katarzyna
Published: September 2021

W nowo projektowanych budynkach edukacyjnych o radykalnie zmniejszonym zapotrzebowaniu na energię do
ogrzewania oraz wysokim oporze cieplnym
przegród budynku poszukuje się rozwiązań
zapewniających bezpieczne oraz komfortowe
warunki dla młodych ludzi. To, co jest niezwykle pożądane zimą (dobra izolacyjność, duże
przeszklenia po stronie południowej, wysoka
szczelność), latem może stanowić problem
w uzyskaniu komfortu cieplnego. Ochrona
pomieszczeń przed przegrzewaniem staje
się działaniem równie ważnym co zapewnienie odpowiednich warunków użytkowych
zimą. Przy użyciu programu symulacyjnego Design Builder utworzono model szkoły.
Sprawdzono, w jakim stopniu modyfikacje zastosowanych w szkole systemów osłon zewnętrznych i wewnętrznych wpłyną na zyski
solarne w trakcie wybranych miesięcy wiosenno-letnich. Na podstawie analizy stwierdzono, że zewnętrzne łamacze światła na elewacji wschodniej w bardzo ograniczonym zakresie redukują zyski solarne latem. Z kolei wysokie wartości współczynnika przepuszczalności energii słonecznej w pasywnych szkleniach generują niepożądane latem znaczne zyski solarne, z którymi zastosowane osłony wewnętrzne nie są w stanie sobie dostatecznie poradzić w okresach
użytkowych.
Behçet's disease presenting with massive hemoptysis related to bronchovascular fistula: A case report
Authors: Ali Bedirhan Mehmet , Arda Naciye , Tanrıverdi Elif , Yaran Volkan , Sansar Deniz , Cansever Levent
Published: September 2021

A 37-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with recurrent hemoptysis, 50 mL per day. Thoracic computed tomography showed no pathology responsible for hemoptysis. Bronchoscopy revealed mucosal infiltrations and 2 to 3-mm blotch in the lateral wall of the right lower lobe. After punch biopsy of the suspected area, massive bleeding occurred. Right lower bilobectomy was performed urgently. A bronchovascular fistula was noticed at the specimen. Pathological examination result was compatible with clinically suspected Behçet"s disease. The patient was given high-dose steroid and cyclophosphamide treatment and received azathioprine maintenance treatment for 18 months. He has been symptom-free for three-year follow-up.
The importance of autologous blood transfusion in lung transplantation and cardiovascular surgeries
Authors: İlker Akçam Tevfik , Özdil Ali , Kavurmacı Önder , Öztürk Pelin , Can Başaran Deniz , Tanzer Çalkavur İsmet , Çağırıcı Ufuk , Özbaran Mustafa
Published: September 2021

Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of using autologous blood recovery systems on transfusion-related complications in patients undergoing lung transplantation and cardiovascular surgeries.

Methods: Between May 2016 and May 2019, a total of 104 patients (90 males, 14 females; mean age: 59.3±16.4 years; range, 12 to 89 years) in whom cell-saver and autologous blood recovery systems were used during lung transplantation or cardiovascular surgeries were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups as Group 1 (n=61) consisting of patients who received autologous blood transfusion and as Group 2 (n=43) consisting of patients who did not. Data including demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, operation data, and postoperative complications were recorded.

Results: The total amount of transfused blood/blood product was found to be significantly higher in Group 1 (p=0.018). However, transfusionrelated complications were found to be higher in Group 2 (p=0.0261). There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay between the groups.

Conclusion: Autologous blood transfusion may prevent the development of transfusion-related complications by reducing the amount of allogenic transfusion in major surgical procedures. In our study, the autologous blood transfusion was used in critical patients with major bleeding and, therefore, the total amount of transfused blood/blood product was higher in these patients. Nevertheless, lower complication rates in this patient group emphasize the importance of autologous blood transfusion.
TEMELJNI KONSTITUTIVNI PRINCIPI U STAVOVIMA PREDSJEDNIŠTVA REPUBLIKE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE TOKOM PREGOVORA O MIRU 1992–1995.
Authors: Šadinlija Mesud
Published: September 2021

Temeljni principi obnovljene državnosti Bosne i Hercegovine definisani su odlukama ZAVNOBiH-a i unapređivani u okviru ustavno-pravne i političke izgradnje Republike kao ravnopravne članice jugoslovenske federacije, od Prvog zasjednanja ZAVNOBiH-a u Mrkonjić-Gradu 25. novembra 1943. do ustavnih amandmana usvojenih 1990. godine kojima je ona definisana kao “demokratska suverena država ravnopravnih građana, naroda Bosne i Hercegovine – Muslimana, Srba i Hrvata i pripadnika drugih naroda i narodnosti koji u njoj žive”. Autor se bavi pitanjem u kojoj su mjeri ovi principi bili zastupljeni i na koji su način bili artikulisani u stavovima Predsjedništva Republike Bosne i Hercegovine tokom mirovnih pregovora vođenih u različitim formatima Međunarodne konferencije o bivšoj Jugoslaviji u periodu od februara 1992. do novembra 1995. godine, odnosom prema njima od strane aktera pregovora i međunarodnih mirovnih posrednika, kao i pitanjem njihove kompatibilnosti s ustavno-pravnim osnovama pojedinih mirovnih planova za Bosnu i Hercegovinu.
TERMINOLOGIJA O BOSNI KAO STRUČNI I POLITIČKI PROBLEM
Authors: Kržišnik Bukić Vera
Published: September 2021

Autorica je u ovom radu fokusirana na povijesnu i savremenu problematiku u Bosni i u vezi s Bosnom koja se odnosi na spornu terminologiju sadržaja pojmova narod i nacija u historiografiji i drugim društvenim naukama. Ime Bosna u tekstu iz operativnih razloga koristi kao sinonim za sadašnju samostalnu državu Bosnu i Hrercegovinu, a i za taj prostor u prošlosti. Smatra da je propuštena prilika u historijskom trenutku neposredno prije ili poslije završetka Drugog svjetskog rata kada se Bosna možda mogla identificirati ne samo po etničkom kriteriju već ujedno i kroz građanski princip budućeg društvenog uređenja ove tada formirane središnje republike u jugoslavenskoj federaciji. Objašnjava štetni utjecaj upotrebe spornih termina narod i nacija na društvenu realnost Bosne u prošlosti i sadašnjosti. Ocjenjuje da bi se moglo i trebalo preciznom terminološkom aplikacijom ovih pojmova i njihovih izvedenica možda znatnije doprinijeti prevazilaženju stalnih društvenih napetosti koje opterećuju Bosnu poradi zamršene domaće etničke strukture, a najviše radi negativnog utjecaja susjednih država Republike Srbije i Republike Hrvatske na društvene odnose u Bosni. Predstavlja i moguće istraživačke modalitete za razmatranje bosanske stvarnosti na području narodnosnih i nacionalnih sadržaja. Predlaže proaktivnu sistematičnu ulogu društvenih nauka u polju terminologije o narodnosnim i građanskim pitanjima Bosne.
Hrvatska osmanistika 2001.–2017.: Studije iz prošlosti Bosanskog ejaleta u ranom modernom dobu
Authors: Moačanin Nenad
Published: September 2021

Trenutačno u Hrvatskoj djeluje devetero povjesničara osmanista. U razdoblju 2001.–2017. istraživali su veliki broj tema, od čega je objavljeno više desetaka radova fokusiranih na ranonovovjekovnu prošlost Bosne i Hercegovine, bilo izravno, bilo neizravno preko problematike koja se tiče područja Hrvatske, odnosno drugih zemalja u okvirima osmanskog ejaleta Bosna. Ovdje ne bih predstavljao cjelovitu bibliografiju. Uključeni su, prema slobodnoj procjeni, samo radovi koje smatram posebno relevantnim i inovativnim. Monografije uglavnom nisu citirane, s obzirom na činjenicu da u većini njih Bosna i Hercegovina (ili barem dio ejaleta) nije osnovna tema. Područje interesa u kvantitativnom smislu odnosilo se prije svega na socijalno-ekonomsku, a nešto manje na političko-vojnu te vjersku i kulturnu tematiku, odnosno ekohistoriju. Uz rad s arhivskom građom dosta je pažnje bilo posvećeno i narativnim izvorima. Rezultati koje bi vrijedilo posebno istaknuti odnose se na pitanja agrarnih odnosa, poreznog sustava i s tim povezanih demografskih procjena, širenja islama, položaja katolika, krajišku tematiku i razvitak odžakluka. Cjelovitije su obrađene, od opširnih članaka do monografija, teme poput prolegomena za revalorizaciju “Putopisa” Evlije Čelebija, pitanja baze za razrez poreza 1650.–1800., razvitka osmanskog Osijeka, urbane povijesti niza važnijih naselja u jadranskome zaleđu, međuvjerskih odnosa i pitanja identiteta, odnosa Dubrovnika i Bosanskog ejaleta kroz prizmu komunikacije s namjesnikom Hekimoglu Ali-pašom te bujuruldija drugih valija, intelektualnog profila pripadnika uleme, te kompleksnog pitanja iskorištavanje šuma u Slavoniji u osmanskom razdoblju.
Historiografija i historijski izvori o genocidu u Srebrenici
Authors: Karović Babić Merisa
Published: September 2021

U prva dva poglavlja ovoga rada autorica je hronološkim slijedom pratila bitne događaje u Srebrenici 1992‒1995. godine i interpretirala njihovu obrađenost u historiografiji i objavljenim historijskim izvorima. Posebnu pažnju posvetila je analizi burnih i vrlo dinamičnih zbivanja u enklavi tokom 1992. i 1993. godine, proglašenju Srebrenice sigurnom zonom Ujedinjenih nacija, analizi objavljenih dokumenata iz 1994. i 1995. godine u kojima je jasno izrečena namjera srpskih snaga za zauzimanjem Srebrenice, te naposljetku padu enklave i masovnim egzekucijama koje su potom uslijedile. U druga dva poglavlja autorica je primijenila nešto drugačiji pristup: klasifikovala je historiografiju i historijske izvore objavljene neposredno nakon pada enklave do izricanja prve presude za genocid u Srebrenici (1995‒2001) i nakon izricanja spomenute presude (2001‒2017). Dostupnost dokumenata korištenih u procesima pred Međunarodnim krivičnim tribunalom za bivšu Jugoslaviju (ICTY), uz izricanje spomenute presude u predmetu Radislav Krstić, kao i drugih presuda za zločine protiv čovječnosti i međunarodnog prava počinjene u Srebrenici, bez imalo sumnje imali su značajan utjecaj na historiografiju. Kroz prezentaciju posljednja dva poglavlja, u radu će biti prezentirane sličnosti i različitosti u interpretaciji određenih tema koje se tiču historiografije o Srebrenici 1992‒1995. godine u odnosu na period prije i poslije izricanja presude za genocid. U tom pogledu posebno će biti govora o interpretacijama krivnje i odgovornosti za pad Srebrenice, formiranja i rada komisija za “zločine u i oko Srebrenice”, priznanja zločina od strane Vlade RS-a, a potom negiranja, balansiranja i relativizacije zločina. U završnom dijelu rada autorica će se baviti analizom objavljenih historijskih izvora i spiskova koji se odnose na broj i identitet žrtava, kao i analizom knjiga nastalih na osnovu metoda usmene historije, u kojima su interpretirane ispovijesti žena i majki Srebrenice, o ubijenim muškim članovima porodica i potrazi za njihovim posmrtnim ostacima.
Obilježavanje značajnih događaja u svrhu konstruisanja političkog spektakla: Analiza obilježavanja historijskih obljetnica kao kulture sjećanja u medijima
Authors: Poloni Željka
Published: September 2021

Period proteklih dvadesetak godina obiluje važnim obljetnicama svjetskih događaja, koji su ujedno usko vezani za povijest Bosne i Hercegovine. Obljetnice i njihov javni diskurs nisu u užem smislu historiografija, ali u širem shvatanju su predmet zanimanja medijskih napisa, što u koncu dovodi do izvještaja koji, kao i historiografija, čine poimanje prošlosti. Istraživati povijest medijskih napisa i razumjeti ih izuzetno je važno, jer na taj način shvatamo prošlost i možemo razumjeti sadašnjost. Kroz ovakva istraživanja razumijemo i kako se kroz medijsko izvještavanje o povijesnim događajima, pa i o obljetnicama, direktno utječe na znanje i način razmišljanja društva u kojemu živimo. Stoga ne čudi da teme kao što su stogodišnjice Prvog svjetskog rata i proglašenje austrougarske aneksije Bosne i Hercegovine, ali i teme obilježavanja dvadesetogodišnjice počinjenog genocida u Srebrenici ili potpisivanja Dejtonskog mirovnog sporazuma, nisu nešto što se može sagledati kroz aspekt države Bosne i Hercegovine, već se izlaganju o obilježavanju, nažalost, mora pristupiti kroz prizmu entiteta, koji često o ovim temama imaju potpuno drugačije stanovište. Na kraju, tekst se bavi i kratkim osvrtom na možda manje / politički / bitne događaje koji nisu, a trebali su zauzeti važnije mjesto u javnom diskursu. Primjer tome je izvještavanje o stogodišnjici rođenja našeg, rođenog kod Krupe, na Uni, velikog pisca Branka Ćopića. Kao historiografija i kao dopuna historiografiji, mediji su svojim izvještavanjem utjecali na brojne generacije, jer su na indirektan način d
Dinâmica espaço-temporal da COVID-19 nas regionais administrativas de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Azevedo Úrsula Ruchkys de , Martins Nathan Carlo , Pereira Eric Oliveira , Campos Júnior Edimar Olegário de , Cortez Matheus Luiz , Ribeiro Sonia Maria Carvalho
Published: September 2021

As epidemias são uma grande preocupação da espécie humana e os patógenos virais representam um perigo sempre presente para a saúde global, com destaque para evento recente da epidemia de COVID-19 causada pelo Coronavírus SARS-CoV-2. O artigo tem como objetivo analisar as taxas de mortalidade da COVID-19 e explorar suas associações com  indicadores demográficos e sociais nas nove regiões administrativas do município de Belo Horizonte, capital de Minas Gerais, segundo mais populoso Estado do Brasil. O estudo considera e analisa os padrões espaço-temporais de óbitos por COVID-19 reportados nos boletins epidemiológicos da Prefeitura de Belo Horizonte (PBH) considerando o período da Semana Epidemiológica (SE), SE 23/2020 (31 de maio de 2020) até SE 21/2021 (29 de maio de 2021). Os resultados indicam que as regionais administrativas tiveram comportamento diferenciado em relação a COVID-19 e que esse desempenho, associa-se, predominantemente, às características demográficas e de vulnerabilidade social.
Developing Intercultural Competence Through Design Thinking
Authors: Hantsiuk Tetiana , Vintoniv Khrystyna , Opar Nataliia , Hryvnak Bohdan
Published: September 2021

Cultural competence, as the ability to interact effectively with the culturally diverse others, is a key component to your success in the globalized world. Developing cultural competence gives us an insight how to benefit from the diversity within intercultural interactions. Everyone may misinterpret the cultural differences due to the low level of cultural competence. That can influence further cooperation with different cultures. Therefore, it is very important to foster students’ intercultural skills, in particular by using different learning techniques and implementing new ideas into the traditional teaching methods. One of them is design thinking as a practice that encourages collaboration and can help students to manage intercultural challenges. Hence, the research problem for this study is to reveal the correlation between the development of students’ intercultural competence and design thinking method application. The purpose of the study is to summarize and synthesize the research on cross-cultural interactions and design thinking to build a framework that shows how the implementation of the design thinking method into the learning process facilitates the development of students’ intercultural competence. The tasks of the research are:a) to review the main contributions to the field of design thinking by analysing multidisciplinary studies on how design thinking fosters development of variety competences including intercultural competence;b) to design the framework to reveal the correlation between the components of intercultural competence and the stages of design thinking process;c) to observe the changes in the students’ intercultural competence level by analysing learners’ responses to the case of intercultural misunderstanding at the beginning of studying the cross-cultural communication classes and after finishing the course.d) The study uses mixed approaches such as quantitative and qualitative methods, scientific literature studies, intercultural competence assessment, grouping, comparative analysis, synthesis, inductive and deductive methods.The key results are presented in the framework that demonstrates the ways how design thinking method supports the development of intercultural competence. This framework can be used by educators to teach intercultural competence and everyone involved in cross-cultural interactions, and who would like to benefit from the diversity.
Metal Catalyzed Oxidation Reactions of Alkenes Using Eco-Friendly Oxidants
Authors: Soni Jay , Teli Pankaj , Sahiba Nusrat , Sethiya Ayushi , Agarwal Shikha
Published: September 2021

Oxidation of alkenes is an important reaction in academia, industry and science as it is used to develop epoxides, carbonyls, allylic compounds, 1,2-diols, etc. Metal catalyzed oxidation of alkenes has aroused as a significant tool in modern organic synthesis. Several techniques are available; however some of them suffer from few shortcomings viz. high cost, toxic nature, harsh reaction condition, solid waste generation, etc. In view of these drawbacks, green oxidants i.e. O2, H2O2, TBHP, etc. have shown noteworthy prospects due to their nature, low cost, high atom economy and high sustainability in metal catalyzed reactions. This chapter highlights the metal catalyzed green oxidation of alkenes and shall provide new strategies for the functionalization and transformation of alkenes.
UPPER MANTLE CONVECTION RELATED TO SUBDUCTION ZONE AND APPLICATION OF THE MODEL TO INVESTIGATE THE CRETACEOUS-CENOZOIC GEODYNAMICS OF CENTRAL EAST ASIA AND THE ARCTIC
Authors: Lobkovsky L. I. , Ramazanov M. M. , Kotelkin V. D.
Published: September 2021

A geodynamic model of upper mantle convection related to the Pacific subduction zone is mathematically substantiated and applied to investigate the Cretaceous-Cenozoic evolution of Central East Asia (CEA) and the Arctic. We present a solution for the two-dimensional stationary problem of thermal convection in the upper mantle layer, considering different Rayleigh numbers and taking into account the influence of the subduction process and lithospheric movements along the upper mantle base. We describe the results of 3D modeling of nonstationary upper mantle convection in a subduction zone. Our data give grounds to propose explanations for the entire spectrum of tectonic-magmatic processes developing within CEA in the Cenozoic and the Arctic in the Upper Cretaceous and Cenozoic. We discuss the reasons why the lithosphere in CEA and the Arctic is generally shifting towards the Pacific subduction zone, considering the presence of separate magmatic provinces and rift zones. In our opinion, this is due to the existence of a large horizontally elongated convective cell, which interior is composed of smaller isometric cells. This long cell creates the effect of conveyor dragging of the lithosphere, while its internal cells produce the effect of upper mantle plumes.
Erma e la sacra Scrittura giudaica. Una nota di precisazione
Authors: Castelli Emanuele ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: September 2021

The aim of this paper is to reconsider a recent hypothesis of M. Simonetti on Hermas and the Jewish scriptures.
History, Eschatology, and the Development of the Six Ages of the World
Authors: Gallagher John Joseph ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: September 2021

The sex aetates mundi constituted the defining framework for understanding biblical and salvation history in the Early Christian and Late Antique worlds. The origins of the idea that history can be divided into six epochs, each lasting roughly a thousand years, are commonly attributed to Augustine of Hippo. Although Augustine’s engagement with this notion significantly influenced its later popularity due to the prolific circulation of his works, he was by no means the sole progenitor of this concept. This bipartite study undertakes the first conspectus in English-speaking scholarship to date of the origins and evolution of the sex aetates mundi. Part I of this study traces the early origins of historiographical periodisation in writings from classical and biblical antiquity, taking account in particular of the role of numerology and notions of historical eras that are present in biblical texts. Expressions of the world ages in the writings of the Church Fathers are then traced in detail. Due consideration is afforded to attendant issues that influenced the six ages, including calendrical debates concerning the age of the world and the evolution of eschatological, apocalyptic, and millenarian thought. Overall, this article surveys the myriad intellectual and exegetical currents that converged in Early Christianity and Late Antiquity to create this sixfold historiographical and theological framework. The first instalment of this study lays the groundwork for understanding Augustine’s engagement with this motif in his writings, which is treated in Part II.
Note per l’attribuzione a Massimo il Confessore di parte degli Scholia al Corpus Dionysiacum
Authors: Nigra Alberto ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: September 2021

This article intends to provide a further contribution to the attribution of the Greek Scholia on the Corpus Dionysiacum by examining the Latin version by Anastasius Bibliothecarius. In particular, some Latin manuscripts have recently been identified, which retain many of the critical signs used by Anastasius in order to mark the scholia dating back to Maximus the Confessor. The collation of these cruces not only allows us to identify the contribution of Maximus as a scholiast of the Corpus Dionysiacum, but also to ascertain further the work of John of Scythopolis and to point out a possible way to research the contribution of other commentators of Pseudo-Dionysius.
"Zarte Empirie"
Authors: Wahl Daniel C. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

This paper explores the 'delicate empiricism' proposed by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Goethe's scientific work provided an alternative epistemology to that of conventional science. The author discusses the Goethean way of knowing. Particular emphasis is given to the changed understanding of process, form and participation that results from employing the epistemology expressed by Goethe. A methodology for Goethean science is introduced and its applications and their implications are explored. Goethe's "zarte Empirie" — his delicate empiricism - legitimises and organizes the role of imagination, intuition and inspiration in science. It may contribute significantly to the emerging participatory and holistic worldview, and to providing knowledge that is in tune with nature. This paper explores how and why.
A Sociologia da Infância no Brasil: uma área em construção
Authors: Abramowicz Anete , Oliveira Fabiana De
Published: September 2021

Este artigo pretende discutir a história da construção do campo da Sociologia da Infância na Europa e nos países anglo-saxões para, a partir daí, propor algumas possibilidades e inflexões teóricas necessárias para se pensar sobre uma Sociologia da Infância no Brasil. A partir de um debate no interior da Sociologia da Infância procurar-se-á entender o que significa falar da criança e da infância a partir da base estabelecida por este campo, que consagra à criança o papel de sujeito e protagonista da história, e dos processos de socialização. Ou seja, a criança é compreendida como sujeito social capaz de se atribuir significados, sentidos e cultura própria e inusitada. O presente artigo visa ainda desenvolver uma reflexão acerca da utilização da Sociologia da Infância no Brasil, pois diferentemente do contexto europeu, nosso país apresenta especificidades que devem ser consideradas a partir deste referencial teórico e metodológico na pesquisa com crianças. A proposta do artigo pauta-se na consideração das diferenças, levando-se em conta a relação entre a questão racial, de gênero, sexualidade e classe social que devem ser pensadas como linhas que atravessam o debate sobre a criança e a infância, a partir delas mesmas. As temáticas da diferença, diversidade e alteridade são essenciais para entendermos o que vem sendo chamado de “cultura da infância”, bem como o entendimento da criança enquanto “ator social”.Palavras-chave: Sociologia da Infância no Brasil. Criança e infância. Diferenças. Educação Infantil.
Mapeamento das medidas de exigibilidade coletiva para garantia do direito à educação infantil no Paraná
Authors: Silveira Adriana Aparecida Dragone , Taporosky Barbara Cristina Hanauer , Feldman Marina , Gonçalves Lusiane
Published: September 2021

Nos últimos anos tem crescido o envolvimento do sistema de justiça para a exigibilidade do direito à educação, entendido como judicialização da educação. A literatura do campo tem discutido a ampliação desse fenômeno, relacionado a uma convergência de fatores, como a crescente juridificação da educação, o fortalecimento e a ampliação de instituições como o Ministério Público e a ausência de políticas públicas. Considerando estes fatores, o presente artigo objetiva apresentar e analisar um mapeamento das medidas de exigibilidade coletivas judiciais e extrajudiciais para garantia do direito à Educação Infantil no estado do Paraná, buscando identificar possíveis fatores explicativos para esse fenômeno em tal contexto. Para a concretização de tal objetivo, foram analisadas 71 medidas de exigibilidade em 60 municípios, localizadas no sistema de justiça do estado, no período entre 2005 e 2016. Os dados sobre os procedimentos coletivos foram cotejados com o perfil dos municípios de acordo com seu porte, faixa de rendimento médio e taxa de urbanização. Ainda foi analisada a relação da existência de procedimentos com variáveis institucionais do sistema de justiça e taxas de atendimento em creche e pré-escola. Conclui-se que, no Paraná, a requisição coletiva do direito à Educação Infantil tem se dado exclusivamente por iniciativa do Ministério Público, possuindo uma forte relação com suas variáveis institucionais, com maior incidência em municípios não tão pequenos, com maior taxa de urbanização e renda média.
Prazer-sofrimento no trabalho: um estudo de caso com professores de escolas rurais
Authors: Marinho Paulo Roberto Ribeiro , Schmidt Maria Luiza Gava , Vasconcelos Mário Sérgio
Published: September 2021

Este estudo analisa as percepções dos professores que atuam em escolas rurais em relação ao prazer-sofrimento no contexto de trabalho, amparado na teoria da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho. A pesquisa da literatura contemplou trabalhos sobre o mal-estar docente e as contribuições teóricas da psicodinâmica do trabalho para o entendimento das vivências de prazer e de sofrimento no trabalho. O estudo investigou o contexto de trabalho desses professores nas seguintes dimensões: Organização do Trabalho (OT), Condições de Trabalho (CT), Relações Socioprofissionais (RSP) e Prazer-Sofrimento no Trabalho (PST). Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo com delineamento de estudo de caso, em que foram utilizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e abertas e submetidas à análise de conteúdo. A pesquisa foi realizada com 20 professores de duas escolas rurais do interior paulista (SP). Os resultados indicaram que os professores vivenciam prazer e sofrimento no trabalho, sendo o sofrimento predominante. As três dimensões em consonância com a percepção dos professores foram avaliadas de modo alarmante, gerando preocupação em relação ao ato pedagógico e à saúde desses trabalhadores, os dados obtidos relevam que as vivências de prazer desses professores estão associadas à própria atividade educacional e ao relacionamento com os alunos, familiares e outros professores. Ao passo que as vivências de sofrimento no trabalho são relativas a exorbitante jornada de trabalho, falta de apoio, dificuldade de acesso às escolas, relacionamento conflituoso com a coordenadora escolar. Espera-se, com este estudo, contribuir para o entendimento das vivências de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho e dos reflexos dessas vivências na saúde dos professores.
The importance of respecting the learning styles in the teaching process: An example of Kolb's model of experiential learning
Authors: Tomčić Lana
Published: September 2021

The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of knowing and respecting the learning styles in the teaching process through the presentation of Kolb's model of experiential learning. The goal is achieved at the theoretical level, using the method of theoretical analysis and content analysis techniques, starting from the analysis of concepts and classifications of learning styles in the most common learning theories, through different ways of respecting learning styles to Kolb's model of experiential learning. Knowledge of learning styles is of multiple importance for pedagogical theory and practice: the acquired knowledge contributes to better knowledge and understanding of students, their way of learning, the quality of teacher-student interaction, but also to shedding light on the causes of learning difficulties and preventing school failure.
A review of bioreremediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soils in Niger Delta area of Nigeria
Authors: Ehiomogue Precious , Ahuchaogu Israel , Ahaneku Edwin
Published: September 2021

Bioremediation technologies are an environmentally friendly approach for the treatment of polluted soils. This review take a look at the various remediation efforts by various scientist to ameliorate the effect of crude oil contamination on the environment. Contamination of the total environment (air, soil, water and biota) by crude oil has become a paramount interest in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. With the frequent reports of oil spillages in the Niger Delta area, there is need to seek for a cost effective method for remediation of crude oil impacted soils. Studies have revealed variable impacts of oil toxicity on the environment and exposed populations. Soil contamination is caused mainly by the leakage of underground storage tanks and pipes. The most common conventional method for the remediation of contaminated soils is excavation followed by landfilling or incineration and other technologies that have been widely practiced. Contaminated sites pose a threat to human life due to severe health problems caused by adverse health effects from exposure to soil contamination. Once it is being detected, assessment strategies, type of sampling, chemical analyses, evaluation of parameters and its effect must be done. Several technologies and parameters have been developed to treat petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil but the problem still exists.
Distance-based vegetation indices computed by SAGA GIS: A comparison of the perpendicular and transformed soil adjusted approaches for the LANDSAT TM image
Authors: Lemenkova Polina
Published: September 2021

Landsat-TM of 2001 covering Iceland (15.5°W-21°W, 64.5°N-67°N) was processed using SAGA GIS for testing distance-based Vegetation Indices (VIs): four approaches of Perpendicular Vegetation Index (PVI) and two approaches of Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index TSAVI. The PVI of vegetation from the soil background line indicated healthiness as a leaf area index (LAI). The results showed that the reflectance for vegetation has a linear relation with soil background line. Four PVI models and two TSAVI shown coefficients of determination with LAI. The dataset demonstrate variations in the calculated coefficients. The mode in the histograms of the PVI based on four different algorithms show the difference:-7.1,-8.36, 2.78 and 7.0. The dataset for the two approaches of TSAVI: first case ranges in 4.4.-80.6 with a bell-shape mode of a histogram (8.09 to 23.29) for the first algorithm and an irregular shape for the second algorithm with several modes starting from 0.11 to 0.2 and decreasing to 0.26. SAGA GIS permits the calculation of PVI and TSAVI by computed NDVI based on the intersection of vegetation and soil background. Masking the NIR and R, a linear regression of grids was performed using an equation embedded in SAGA GIS. The advantages of the distance-based PVI and TSAVI consists in the adjusted position of pixels on the soil brightness line which refines it comparing to the slope-based VIs. The paper demonstrates SAGA GIS application in agricultural studies.
Formación laboral y ocupacional
Authors: Guerrero Romera Catalina
Published: September 2021

La Formación Laboral y Ocupacional es una disciplina que configura un área académica de gran proyección profesional y científica, de paulatina incorporación y consolidación en el ámbito universitario. El texto ofrece los principios básicos que orientan la acción educativa en el ámbito profesional y laboral. Sin duda, todo lo referente a la Formación en este ámbito adquiere en nuestros días una enorme y singular relevancia por el valor intrínseco que en sí misma conlleva y entraña toda formación que tiene puestos sus fines y miras esenciales en el trabajo y en el empleo y en el contexto de la sociedad del conocimiento y digital. Entre los tópicos tratados se encuentran los conceptos y prácticas de la formación profesional y para el empleo o la formación e inserción de colectivos en riesgo de exclusión. Los temas se enfocan desde una perspectiva teórico-práctica para que los alumnos no sólo sean capaces de analizar y criticar la realidad del momento en el que vivimos, sino también de elaborar propuestas de intervención educativa.
Facilitar la enseñanza/aprendizaje de Geografía Física jugando con el ordenador: SIG de licencia gratuita
Authors: Martínez Hernández Carlos
Published: September 2021

Aprender Geografía Física no es sencillo. Por suerte, el uso didáctico de los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) puede hacer que el aprendizaje de la Geografía sea actualizado a la realidad profesional e investigadora de la disciplina, gane en creatividad, aspecto lúdico y motivación, y adquiera un carácter más competencial y menos teórico-memorístico. La Geografía, y en especial la Geografía Física, cuyo principal objeto de estudio —el medio natural— es plenamente cartografiable, se constituye así en una disciplina privilegiada para facilitar su enseñanza/aprendizaje a través de los SIG. Utilizando una expresión menos formal pero más gráfica, bien se podría decir que los SIG, sobre todo los de licencia gratuita, sirven para facilitar la enseñanza/aprendizaje de la Geografía Física “jugando con el ordenador”, y de ahí el título de la obra. Como se especifica en el subtítulo, la finalidad, respecto al uso didáctico de los SIG gratuitos para la Geografía Física, es el diseño y resolución de tareas y validación científica de su eficacia didáctica a partir de una aplicación empírica. De esta forma, la obra proporciona un marco teórico en torno al aprendizaje constructivista y la didáctica de la Geografía a partir de las Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica (TIG) y propone una serie de actividades a realizar con SIG. A continuación, se explica con mucho detalle cómo resolver las tareas utilizando el software libre y gratuito más potente del momento, QGIS, con continuas ejemplificaciones gráficas. La obra también recoge un estudio empírico de la realización de las tareas propuestas por parte de estudiantes universitarios que proceden de dos ámbitos formativos distintos: el educativo (sin conocimientos previos sobre SIG) y el territorial (con un saber previo). Se mide el éxito en la ejecución de las tareas y se analiza si existen diferencias significativas entre realizarlas desde cero y hacerlo con cierto conocimiento técnico de los SIG. Se termina discutiendo los resultados con otra literatura científica. Las conclusiones de la obra destacan el elevado éxito teórico y procedimental que se consigue en el aprendizaje de la Geografía Física al realizar las tareas propuestas, sin que existan grandes diferencias en función de los conocimientos previos de los estudiantes, y, con base en esta garantía académica y científica, se anima al lector a llevarlas a cabo, bien como procedimiento de enseñanza, bien como aprendizaje.
Preparation, characterization, and biological activity of stability-enhanced polyethyleneimine-conjugated gold nanoparticles (Au-PEI@NIST) for biological application
Authors: Cho Tae Joon , Hackley Vincent A , Yi Feng , LaVan David A , Reipa Vytas , Tona Alessandro , Nelson Bryant C , Sims Christopher M , Farkas Natalia
Published: September 2021

In this special publication, we report on a modified synthetic process that results in a stable suspension of Au-PEI nanoparticles, Au-PEI@NIST. Synthesized materials were characterized using an orthogonal approach that included dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-Vis absorbance (UV-Vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Very importantly, the end-product in this study demonstrated excellent colloidal stability in multiple aqueous environments including over a wide pH and temperature range of physiological relevance. The product also exhibited long-term storage stability under ambient conditions. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of Au-PEI@NIST was investigated using the CHO K1 cell line and exhibited dose proportional toxicity, which suggested potential for use as a positive control in nanotoxicology studies. The results and stringent testing regimen point toward an effective and sustainable approach that can serve as a clarified starting point for the development of more complex conjugates for nanomedicine area.
ARTSEDUCA 30
Authors: Vernia Carrasco Ana Mercedes
Published: September 2021

Tras un complicado año generado por la co- vid19, donde el arte ha servido mucho más que como mero entretenimiento, ARTSEDUCA desea poner en valor a todos los artistas, de todos los ámbitos.

El arte es un motor de calidad de vida, para ge- nerar empleabilidad, incidir positivamente en la educación y un importante motor de cam- bio social. En este sentido, el número 30 de ARTSEDUCA está dedicado a todas aquellas personas que trabajan por un mundo mejor, pues sin duda en ellas hay un factor emocional que solo el arte puede inspirar.
PRIVREDNI RAZVOJ I INSTITUCIONALNA TRANZICIJA ZEMALJA ZAPADNOG BALKANA
Authors: Milenković Dragana , Vujović Tanja
Published: September 2021

Zemlje zapadnog Balkana imaju iza sebe deceniju urušavanja svojih privreda i dve decenije presporog oporavka. Ma kakvo da je istorijsko nasleđe zemalja Zapadnog Balkana (dezintegracija jedinstvenog jugoslovenskog tržišta, vojni sukobi, hiperinflacija, ekonomske sankcije, NATO bombardovanje), najvažnija je efikasnost ekonomskih politika ovih zemalja i izgradnja zdravog institucionalnog ambijenta koji će podsticati privredni rast. U radu se testira hipoteza da bez razvojnih stabilnih institucija nisu moguće visoke stope privrednog rasta koje će voditi ka održivom razvoju i efikasnom sistemu obrazovanja, kao i obrnuto da bez visokih stopa privrednog rasta nije moguće izgraditi stabilne institucije. Privredni razvoj ovih zemalja posmatramo kroz dva perioda, od 2000-2008. godine, i period nakon izbijanja svetske finansijske krize od 2009-2019. godine. U radu smo došli do zaključka da su ekstraktivne institucije podrivale ekonomski rast zemalja Zapadnog Balkana. Institucionalna nerazvijenost i korupcija u zemljama Zapadnog Balkana povezani su sa nižim nivoima obrazovanja, zdravstva, socioekonomskog razvoja i “odlivom mozgova“.
Effects of neutron irradiation on optical characteristics of Yb-doped fiber materials
Authors: Li Fen-Fei , Zhou Xiao-Yan , Zhang Kui-Bao , Shi Zhao-Hua , Chen Jin-Zhan , Ye Xin , Wu Wei-Dong , Li Bo ,   State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China,   Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
Published: September 2021

Yb-doped fiber laser is a very appealing technology to implement space communication, laser radar and nuclear facilities due to its reduced weight, size, high efficiency, high peak power combined with good beam quality. However, Yb-doped fiber materials will suffer a harsh ionizing radiation (such as neutron, proton and electron) under the condition of irradiation. The radiation-induced darkening effect can lead the fiber loss to increase obviously, the laser slope efficiency to decrease drastically, and even no laser output to be observed in severe cases. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the performance changes of Yb-doped fiber materials subjected to the irradiation. In this paper, a series of Yb-doped optical fibers and optical fibers is prepared by the improved chemical vapor deposition method combined with rare-earth chelate-doped. And the optical properties of the optical fiber before and after being irradiated and annealed are tested. We mainly investigate the absorption spectrum of Yb-doped fiber material. The results show that the concentration of Al-related defects in the Yb-doped fiber material increases after neutron irradiation, and the absorption loss in the visible region increases. And the color center defects produced by the irradiation will significantly reduce the Yb ion fluorescence lifetime. The doping of Ce ions can reduce the Al-oxygen hole center (Al-OHC) color center defects, and can suppresse the radiation-induced darkening effect of Yb-doped fiber to a certain extent. Thermal annealing can reduce the absorption of fiber material by reducing the concentration of neutron radiation-induced color center defects, and thus eliminating the darkening effect to a certain extent. Finally, with our previous research, we find that neutron irradiation and ray irradiation have similar effects on the optical properties of Yb-doped fiber materials. The main reason is that the electron ionization effects occur due to both ray irradiation and neutron irradiation to generate free electron and hole pairs, which then combine with the original defects in the material to turn into color center defects. However, the color center defects caused by neutron irradiation are more stable and require thermal annealing to be eliminated. And the results obtained in this study provide theoretical basis and solution for developing the Yb-doped fibers with high laser performance and high radiation resistance.
‘Fearful-place’ coding in the amygdala-hippocampal network
Authors: Kong Mi-Seon , Kim Eun Joo , Park Sanggeon , Zweifel Larry S , Huh Yeowool , Cho Jeiwon , Kim Jeansok J
Published: September 2021

Animals seeking survival needs must be able to assess different locations of threats in their habitat. However, the neural integration of spatial and risk information essential for guiding goal-directed behavior remains poorly understood. Thus, we investigated simultaneous activities of fear-responsive basal amygdala (BA) and place-responsive dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) neurons as rats left the safe nest to search for food in an exposed space and encountered a simulated ‘predator.’ In this realistic situation, BA cells increased their firing rates and dHPC place cells decreased their spatial stability near the threat. Importantly, only those dHPC cells synchronized with the predator-responsive BA cells remapped significantly as a function of escalating risk location. Moreover, optogenetic stimulation of BA neurons was sufficient to cause spatial avoidance behavior and disrupt place fields. These results suggest a dynamic interaction of BA’s fear signalling cells and dHPC’s spatial coding cells as animals traverse safe-danger areas of their environment.
Association of cerebral microvascular perfusion and diffusion dynamics detected by intravoxel incoherent motion-diffusion weighted imaging with initial neurological function and clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Chen Fei , Dai Zhenyu , Yao Lizheng , Dong Congsong , Shi Haicun , Dou Weiqiang , Xing Wei
Published: September 2021

Background

This work aimed to explore the association of cerebral microvascular perfusion and diffusion dynamics measured by intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging with initial neurological function and clinical outcome in acute stroke.

Methods

In total, 39 patients were assessed with admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and day-90 modified Rankin Scale (mRS). The parametrical maps of IVIM were obtained, including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), true diffusion coefficient (D) and perfusion fraction (f). The fD* was the product of f and D*. Moreover, the ratios of lesioned/contralateral parameters (rADC, rD, rD*, rf and rfD*) were also obtained. The differences of these parameters between the poor outcome group and good outcome group were evaluated. Partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlations between the admission NIHSS/day-90 mRS and each parameter ratio, with lesion volumes controlled.

Results

The ADC, D, D*, f and fD* values of lesions were significantly reduced than those of the contralateral regions. The rADC and rD were significantly decreased in the poor outcome group than good outcome group (all p < 0.01). With lesion volume controlled, rADC showed a weak negative correlation (r = −0.340, p = 0.037) and a notable negative correlation (r = −0.688, p < 0.001) with admission NIHSS score and day-90 mRS score, respectively. In addition, rD showed a strong negative correlation (r = −0.731, p < 0.001) with day-90 mRS score.

Conclusion

Significant negative correlations were revealed between IVIM derived diffusion dynamics parameters and initial neurological function as well as clinical outcome for patients with acute ischemic stroke. IVIM can be therefore suggested as an effective non-invasive method for evaluating the acute ischemic stroke.