bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of system-level features in HIV migration within a host
Authors: Goyal Ravi , De Gruttola Victor , Gianella Sara , Caballero Gemma , Porrachia Magali , Ignacio Caroline , Woodworth Brendon , Smith Davey M. , Chaillon Antoine
Published: September 2023

Objective

Identify system-level features in HIV migration within a host across body tissues. Evaluate heterogeneity in the presence and magnitude of these features across hosts.

Method

Using HIV DNA deep sequencing data generated across multiple tissues from 8 people with HIV, we represent the complex dependencies of HIV migration among tissues as a network and model these networks using the family of exponential random graph models (ERGMs). ERGMs allow for the statistical assessment of whether network features occur more (or less) frequently in viral migration than might be expected by chance. The analysis investigates five potential features of the viral migration network: (1) bi-directional flow between tissues; (2) preferential migration among tissues in the same biological system; (3) heterogeneity in the level of viral migration related to HIV reservoir size; (4) hierarchical structure of migration; and (5) cyclical migration among several tissues. We calculate the Cohran’s Q statistic to assess heterogeneity in the magnitude of the presence of these features across hosts. The analysis adjusts for missing data on body tissues.

Results

We observe strong evidence for bi-directional flow between tissues; migration among tissues in the same biological system; and hierarchical structure of the viral migration network. This analysis shows no evidence for differential level of viral migration with respect to the HIV reservoir size of a tissue. There is evidence that cyclical migration among three tissues occurs less frequent than expected given the amount of viral migration. The analysis also provides evidence for heterogeneity in the magnitude that these features are present across hosts. Adjusting for missing tissue data identifies system-level features within a host as well as heterogeneity in the presence of these features across hosts that are not detected when the analysis only considers the observed data.

Discussion

Identification of common features in viral migration may increase the efficiency of HIV cure efforts as it enables targeting specific processes.
Transcriptome analysis of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in BAFF and BAFF-R deficient mice
Authors: Möckel Tamara , Boegel Sebastian , Schwarting Andreas
Published: September 2023

Acute kidney injury (AKI) accompanies with high morbidity and mortality. Incomplete renal recovery can lead to chronic and finally end-stage kidney disease, which results in the requirement of lifelong dialysis or kidney transplantation. Consequently, finding predictive biomarker and therefore developing preventive therapeutic approaches is an urgent need. For this purpose, a better understanding of the mechanism underlying AKI is necessary. The cytokine BAFF (B cell activating factor) is related to AKI by supporting B cells, which in turn play an important role in inflammatory processes and the production of antibodies. In our study, we investigated the role of BAFF and its receptor BAFF-R in the early phase of AKI. Therefore, we performed the well-established ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model in BAFF (B6.129S2-Tnfsf13btm1Msc/J) and BAFF-R (B6(Cg)-Tnfrsf13ctm1Mass/J) deficient mice. Transcriptome of ischemic and contralateral control kidneys was analyzed and compared to wildtype littermates. We detected the upregulation of Lcn2, Lyz2, Cd44, Fn1 and Il1rn in ischemic kidneys as well as the downregulation of Kl. Furthermore, we revealed different expression patterns in BAFF and BAFF-R knockout mice. Compared to wildtype littermates, up- and downregulation of each investigated gene were higher in BAFF-R knockout and lower in BAFF knockout. Our findings indicate a positive impact of BAFF knockout in early phase of AKI, while BAFF-R knockout seems to worsen I/R injury. In addition, our study shows for the first time a remarkable renal upregulation of Lyz2 in a murine I/R model. Therefore, we consider Lyz2 as conceivable predictive or early biomarker in case of I/R and AKI.
Suppression of migration and invasion by taraxerol in the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 via the ERK/Slug axis
Authors: Xia Yu-ting , Zhang Yu-qin , Chen Lu , Min Liangliang , Huang Da , Zhang Yulu , Li Cong , Li Zhi-hua
Published: September 2023

As one of the triterpene extracts of Taraxacum, a traditional Chinese plant, taraxerol (TRX) exhibits antitumor activity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of TRX on the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells, analyzed the molecular mechanism through network pharmacology and molecular docking, and finally verified it by in vitro experiments. The results showed that TRX could inhibit the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, while MAPK3 was the most promising target and could stably combine with TRX. In addition, the relative protein expression levels were detected by Western blot, and we observed that TRX could inhibit the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells via the ERK/Slug axis. Moreover, an ERK activator (tert-butylhydroquinone, tBHQ) partially reversed the suppressive effect of TRX on MDA-MB-231 cells. In conclusion, TRX inhibited the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells via the ERK/Slug axis.
Are there dedicated neural mechanisms for imitation? A study of grist and mills
Authors: Renner Elizabeth , Xie Yishan , Subiaul Francys , Hamilton Antonia F. de C.
Published: September 2023

Are there brain regions that are specialized for the execution of imitative actions? We compared two hypotheses of imitation: the mirror neuron system (MNS) hypothesis predicts frontal and parietal engagement which is specific to imitation, while the Grist-Mills hypothesis predicts no difference in brain activation between imitative and matched non-imitative actions. Our delayed imitation fMRI paradigm included two tasks, one where correct performance was defined by a spatial rule and another where it was defined by an item-based rule. For each task, participants could learn a sequence from a video of a human hand performing the task, from a matched “Ghost” condition, or from text instructions. When participants executed actions after seeing the Hand demonstration (compared to Ghost and Text demonstrations), no activation differences occurred in frontal or parietal regions; rather, activation was localized primarily to occipital cortex. This adds to a growing body of evidence which indicates that imitation-specific responses during action execution do not occur in canonical mirror regions, contradicting the mirror neuron system hypothesis. However, activation differences did occur between action execution in the Hand and Ghost conditions outside MNS regions, which runs counter to the Grist-Mills hypothesis. We conclude that researchers should look beyond these hypotheses as well as classical MNS regions to describe the ways in which imitative actions are implemented by the brain.
The impact of perceived everyday discrimination and income on racial and ethnic disparities in PTSD, depression, and anxiety among veterans
Authors: Nillni Yael I. , Horenstein Arielle , McClendon Juliette , Duke Christopher C. , Sawdy Molly , Galovski Tara E.
Published: September 2023

Objectives

Black and Hispanic/Latinx individuals experience a greater burden of mental health symptoms as compared to White individuals in the general population. Examination of ethnoracial disparities and mechanisms explaining these disparities among veterans is still in its nascence. The current study examined perceived everyday discrimination and income as parallel mediators of the association between race/ethnicity and PTSD, depression, and general anxiety symptoms in a sample of White, Black, and Hispanic/Latinx veterans stratified by gender.

Methods

A random sample of 3,060 veterans living across the U.S. (oversampled for veterans living in high crime communities) completed a mail-based survey. Veterans completed self-report measures of perceived discrimination via the Everyday Discrimination Scale, PTSD symptoms via the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5, depressive symptoms via the Patient Health Questionnaire, and anxiety symptoms via the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire.

Results

Models comparing Black vs. White veterans found that the significant effect of race on PTSD, depression, and anxiety symptoms was mediated by both perceived discrimination and income for both male and female veterans. Results were less consistent in models comparing Hispanic/Latinx vs. White veterans. Income, but not perceived discrimination, mediated the relationship between ethnicity/race and depression and anxiety symptoms, but only among women.

Conclusions

Results suggest that discrimination and socioeconomic status are important mechanisms through which marginalized social status negatively impacts mental health.
Phantasmal ruralism: A terror of folk ecology in Washington Irving’s ‘The Legend of Sleepy Hollow’
Authors: Myers Joshua
Published: September 2023

This article considers Washington Irving’s ‘The Legend of Sleepy Hollow’ as a work of nineteenth-century American folk horror for how the story’s depiction of nature suggests provincial people as an especially fearful collective entity. With additional consideration of Tim Burton’s film adaptation, Sleepy Hollow (1999), this article provides an ecocritical analysis of the tale’s landscapes and objects to assert that supernatural belief is manufactured partly by the idea of rural existence as physically and culturally separate from urban areas. Moreover, the article illustrates how reading the story’s phantasmal terrors as sourced by environmental catalysts can diminish hierarchies that are rooted in rural and urban dichotomies.
Voice and folk horror: The borders of the human
Authors: Le Couteur Clair
Published: September 2023

This essay draws on insights from the study of trans-diegetic sound and Michel Chion’s theory of the acousmêtre to begin to explore how voice and vocalic sound function in a selection of folk horror works for screen, with a close focus on Zone Blanche (2017). Not only do folk horror works make for rich subjects for voice studies, but they have the potential to offer new theoretical insights to voice itself. Through what I identify as its genre-bound obsessions with vocal (dis)embodiment, trans-generational possession and (non)dualism, folk horror engages with vocalic rather than semantic aspects of voice. In so doing, it threatens that which – so contemporary philosophers of voice such as claim – the figure of voice assures: authentic individuality. The problematics of voice, particularly its status as a fictive space at ‘the border of the human’ (: 658), are revealed as fertile ground for folk horror. Vocal borderscapes encompass conceptual oppositions between human and animal, individual and collective, nature and culture, voluntary and involuntary, animate and inanimate. As a genre, I argue, folk horror is uniquely suited to staging the problems of dualism, unfolding the tensions, contradictions and violences such conceptual oppositions produce.
Medeia
Authors: Pereira Maria Helena da Rocha
Published: September 2023

A Medeia, apresentada nas Grandes Dionísias de 431 a. C., juntamente com mais duas tragédias e um drama satírico que se perderam, não era a primeira peça de Eurípides. Pelo contrário, a estreia do mais jovem dos três grandes trágicos data-se habitualmente de 455 a. C., por sinal com uma peça ligada também a este tema, As Pelíades. Mas é talvez Medeia a mais antiga das tragédias conservadas.
Genetic analysis of African swine fever viruses based on E183L (p54) gene, circulating in South Sumatra and Lampung province, Indonesia
Authors: Anggy Fransiska Panasea , Nugroho Widagdo Sri , Irianingsih Sri Handayani , Enny Saswiyanti , Srihanto Eko Agus
Published: September 2023

Background and Aim: African swine fever (ASF) is a disease that emerged in Indonesia in 2019 in the North Sumatra province and spread rapidly to other areas, such as South Sumatra and Lampung, in 2020. This study aimed to identify the phylogenetics of the ASF virus (ASFV) in the provinces of South Sumatra and Lampung.

Materials and Methods: Nine ASFV isolates collected from the Disease Investigation Center in Lampung were used in this study. The isolates were from ASF cases in South Sumatra and Lampung in 2020-2022. The isolates were sequenced and compared with other ASFV isolates to establish the virus genotype. Sequencing was performed using the complete E183L gene target encoding the p54 protein.

Results: This study showed that ASFV from South Sumatera and Lampung Province belongs to genotype II.

Conclusion: Based on the analysis of the E183L gene, all nine ASFV isolates that originated from South Sumatra and Lampung were identical to other genotype II ASFV isolates from Georgia, China, Vietnam, and Timor Leste.

Keywords: African swine fever virus genotype, Lampung, phylogenetic tree, South Sumatra.
DESEMPENHO E OBSTÁCULOS AO CRESCIMENTO DE PEQUENOS NEGÓCIOS HOTELEIROS EM CURITIBA
Authors: Teixeira Rivanda Meira
Published: September 2023

Os obstáculos que dificultam a crescimento e o desempenho dos pequenos negócios podem diferir, dependendo da natureza e característica de determinado setor de atividade econômica. Este estudo teve como objetivo principal analisar o desempenho e os obstáculos enfrentados para a sobrevivência/ crescimento de pequenos negócios hoteleiros em Curitiba, Paraná. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas pessoais semiestruturadas, realizadas com os proprietários ou gerentes dos hotéis. Foi utilizado o critério amostral por acessibilidade ou adesão e foram feitas 43 entrevistas. A maior parte dos entrevistados considera que o desempenho do negócio foi prejudicado pela entrada em Curitiba das grandes redes de hotéis com tarifas mais baixas,o que levou os locais a reduzir as suas tarifas, mesmo com aumento de custos. Os principais obstáculos enfrentados pelos hotéis de pequeno porte são os altos tributos incompatíveis com o tamanho e faturamento desses hotéis, a entrada das redes no mercado, a falta de recursos para investir no hotel, a falta de espaço físico e as dificuldades com a mão de obra.
A INFLUÊNCIA DO RESTAURANTE MANACÁ NA GASTRONOMIA E SUSTENTABILIDADE DO BAIRRO CAMBURI – SÃO SEBASTIÃO – SP
Authors: Lopes Camila Papa , Claro Jose Alberto Carvalho dos Santos , Marques Vanderli
Published: September 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo geral tratar sobre a sustentabilidade na hospitalidade a partir de análise sobre um restaurante no bairro de Camburi, situado na cidade de São Sebastião, litoral norte do Estado de São Paulo, o Manacá, cujo proprietário adotou práticas de gestão ambiental, aliadas a hospitalidade de alta qualidade, tornando-o exemplo para outros negócios em gastronomia e criando uma rede de cooperação com outros restaurantes. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, baseada em estudo de caso único para demostrar quais práticas de gestão ambiental contribuem para a sustentabilidade na hospitalidade gastronômica. Utilizou-se, ainda, a pesquisa documental e pesquisa de campo, por meio da observação direta. Destaca-se que suas atividades, embora não sejam as mais indicadas como instrumento de gestão ambiental contemporânea, demonstram a sustentabilidade ecológica do negócio. Dentre estas, destacam-se a construção do espaço físico do restaurante com palafitas, para não impedir o curso do Rio Camburi, adoção de práticas de separação do lixo para reciclagem e a realização de tratamento de esgoto. Tais práticas ambientais favoreceram a hospitalidade do Manacá e o tornou referência para outros estabelecimentos gastronômicos locais, enfatizando que a hospitalidade pode estar alinhada com a sustentabilidade e contribui para a qualidade na gastronomia.
TURISMO DE NEGÓCIOS: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A PERCEPÇÃO DE VALOR DOS SERVIÇOS HOTELEIROS NA ÓTICA DO TURISTA DE NEGÓCIOS
Authors: Stefanini Cláudio José , Yamashita Ana Paula , Souza Roseane Barcellos Marques
Published: September 2023

A finalidade desta pesquisa foi identificar os fatores que influenciam a percepção de valor para o turista de negócios em relação aos serviços hoteleiros. Buscou-se identificar a partir de três dimensões (Hotel, Apartamento e Funcionários) as variáveis principais que podem agregar valor ao serviço oferecido. Utilizou-se a metodologia quantitativa exploratória, sendo os dados coletados por meio de questionários com pessoas que no exercício de suas funções profissionais viajam regularmente, a amostra foi do tipo não probabilística e por acessibilidade sendo composta por 45 respondentes. Os resultados sugerem que os aspectos básicos em hotelaria, tais como segurança, cordialidade, localização, comunicação, silêncio e ducha são os mais valorizados pelos turistas de negócios. Alguns aspectos considerados como diferenciais pelas cadeias hoteleiras, tais como, banheira, fitness center, sala de reuniões apresentam pouca relevância para este tipo de hóspede. A pesquisa concentrou-se na identificação dos atributos sem sua análise qualitativa. O presente estudo adiciona a literatura sobre turismo de negócios. Em particular, contribui para compreender sob a ótica deste turista o que pode ser considerado um diferencial, e esclarece aos dirigentes para o direcionamento de suas políticas de gestão.
Verantwortung - Soziologische und pädagogische Perspektiven
Authors: Böhnisch Lothar , Funk Heide
Published: September 2023

Verantwortung ist allgegenwärtig, denn die Menschen sind als soziale Wesen und in der gesellschaftlichen Arbeitsteilung aufeinander angewiesen. Lothar Böhnisch und Heide Funk legen mit dem Paradigma der Dialektik von Autonomie und Angewiesenheit sowie dem der Verletzlichkeit einen theoretischen Ansatz dafür vor. Das Konzept strukturiert unterschiedliche Sphären und Praxen der Verantwortung und bezieht soziologische und pädagogische Perspektiven aufeinander. So geht der soziologische Teil auf verschiedene Verantwortungsbereiche und ihre Geschlechtsbezogenheit ein, stellt Gesellschaftsmodelle der Verantwortung vor und analysiert Entgrenzungen sozialer Verantwortung. Im pädagogischen Teil wird Verantwortung als Grundkategorie pädagogischen Wissens und Handelns modelliert sowie ihre Bedeutung für eine an Kindern und Jugendlichen orientierte Schulreform herausgestellt.
Die Kommentatoren des Post-Cinema
Authors: Stadelmaier Philipp
Published: September 2023

Was im digitalen Zeitalter nach dem Ende der Hegemonie des Kinosaals noch als »Kino« zu verstehen ist, wird häufig anhand des Ortes und Dispositivs der Projektion verhandelt. Philipp Stadelmaier wagt ausgehend von den Schriften des Filmkritikers Serge Daney und Jean-Luc Godards Videoserie Histoire(s) du cinéma einen Neuansatz. Erstmals führt er zwei einflussreiche Figuren der französischen Filmkultur systematisch zusammen und reinterpretiert sie als Kommentatoren des Kinos und seiner Geschichte. So gelingt es, einen cine-philologischen Impuls für filmwissenschaftliche Debatten zu setzen: Als auszulegender, bedeutungsoffener Primärtext erhält das »Kino« in der Post-Kino-Ära neue Kraft und Schärfe.
Dekolonialisierung des Wissens
Authors: Afeworki Abay Robel
Published: September 2023

Die voranschreitende Geopolitik geht mit komplexen Formen epistemischer Gewalt eurozentristischer Wissensordnungen einher. Diese zeigt sich auch in der Weitertradierung komplexitätsreduzierender Wissensproduktion sowohl über Behinderung als auch über Migration/Flucht: Es wird wiederholt über die Betroffenen, statt mit ihnen gesprochen. Robel Afeworki Abay widmet sich der Diskriminierung und Teilhabe an Erwerbsarbeit von BIPoC mit Behinderungserfahrungen und beleuchtet aus postkolonialen und intersektionalen Perspektiven die Zugangsbarrieren und Bewältigungsressourcen der Betroffenen. In seiner partizipativen Studie legt er dar, dass epistemische Gewalt hierbei als konstitutiver Bestandteil der Kolonialität des Wissens fungiert.
Estimation of the Investment Lag in the Economy of the Northern Regions of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Strategic Research Center at the Head of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Dolgunova Anastasiia
Published: September 2023

The inclusion of the zone of the North and the Arctic among the regions critical for the prospective economic development and security of the country implies a significant increase in the volume and, most importantly, the reliability of knowledge regarding the conditions for the use of the main factors of production, in particular investments. A stable hypothesis, which was formed back in the Soviet period, is the presence of a number of features in the North Arctic zone, which turn the conditions for the use of production factors in general and investments in fixed capital in particular into marginal ones. It was an axiom that investments in the northern territories are characterized by significant capital intensity, a long investment cycle, and high riskiness of projects. Although the study of the problems of «stretching» investment cycles, i.e. the lengthening of all phases of the cycle in time, as well as the stability of investment trends, were not as popular as the problem of the «northern appreciation», but the statement that the presence of investment lags causes a relatively low economic efficiency of investment processes, manifested in a delay in obtaining the final effect, seemed indisputable, an increase in the cost of the investment project, an increase in the risk of the formation of «incomplete». In the 2000s, not only the general economic situation and the mechanisms of the functioning of the economy changed significantly, but also technologies both in production and in investment processes. This could not but affect the specific parameters of investment projects, including the comparative conditions for the distribution of investment resources in the territorial aspect. The article attempts to consider the «lag stretching axiom» and the rise in the cost of investment processes in this regard in modern conditions. It is concluded that the hypothesis about the marginal duration of lags for the regions of the North and the Arctic is not supported by both actual data and the results of estimating the length of construction lags (direct methods) and lags for commissioning capacities and investment lags (indirect methods)
The Role of Retinal Dopamine D1 Receptors in Ocular Growth and Myopia Development in Mice
Authors: Shu Ziheng , Chen Kaijie , Wang Qiongsi , Wu Honglin , Zhu Yangfeifei , Tian Ruikang , Yan Wenjun , Huang Qin , Zhang Chunlan , Xiong Weiwei , Qu Jia , Zhou Xiangtian , Huang Furong
Published: September 2023

Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter in the signaling cascade controlling ocular refractive development, but the exact role and site of action of dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) involved in myopia remains unclear. Here, we determine whether retinal D1Rs exclusively mediate the effects of endogenous dopamine and systemically delivered D1R agonist or antagonist in the mouse form deprivation myopia (FDM) model. Male C57BL/6 mice subjected to unilateral FDM or unobstructed vision were divided into the following four groups: one noninjected and three groups that received intraperitoneal injections of a vehicle, D1R agonist SKF38393 (18 and 59 nmol/g), or D1R antagonist SCH39166 (0.1 and 1 nmol/g). The effects of these drugs on FDM were further assessed inDrd1-knock-out (Drd1-KO), retina-specific conditionalDrd1-KO (Drd1-CKO) mice, and corresponding wild-type littermates. In the visually unobstructed group, neither SKF38393 nor SCH39166 affected normal refractive development, whereas myopia development was attenuated by SKF38393 and enhanced by SCH39166 injections. InDrd1-KO orDrd1-CKO mice, however, these drugs had no effect on FDM development, suggesting that activation of retinal D1Rs is pertinent to myopia suppression by the D1R agonist. Interestingly, the development of myopia was unchanged by eitherDrd1-KO orDrd1-CKO, and neither SKF38393 nor SCH39166 injections, norDrd1-KO, affected the retinal or vitreal dopamine and the dopamine metabolite DOPAC levels. Effects on axial length were less marked than effects on refraction. Therefore, activation of D1Rs, specifically retinal D1Rs, inhibits myopia development in mice. These results also suggest that multiple dopamine D1R mechanisms play roles in emmetropization and myopia development.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWhile dopamine is recognized as a “stop” signal that inhibits myopia development (myopization), the location of the dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) that mediate this action remains to be addressed. Answers to this key question are critical for understanding how dopaminergic systems regulate ocular growth and refraction. We report here the results of our study showing that D1Rs are essential for controlling ocular growth and myopia development in mice, and for identifying the retina as the site of action for dopaminergic control via D1Rs. These findings highlight the importance of intrinsic retinal dopaminergic mechanisms for the regulation of ocular growth and suggest specific avenues for exploring the retinal mechanisms involved in the dopaminergic control of emmetropization and myopization.
Impact of deformed wing virus master variants (DWV-A, DWV-B, and DWV-C) in managed honey bee colonies of Türkiye
Authors: Oz Mustafa Emin , Avci Oguzhan , Dogan Muge
Published: September 2023

Aim: This study aimed to determine the deformed wing virus (DWV) master variants in managed honey bee hives in Central Anatolia and the Mediterranean Regions of Türkiye. Also, the relationship of DWV genotypes circulating in the apiaries with clinical signs observed in honey bee hives was investigated.
Materials and Methods: For this study, adult honey bees were collected from the same 25 hives in the spring-summer and autumn seasons of 2019 from the provinces of Aksaray, Isparta, Karaman, Konya and Nigde. DWV-specific nucleic acid and DWV genotypes were detected by DWV real-time RT-PCR assay and ABC assay, respectively.
Results: Deformed wing virus infection was detected in each sampling season. While many colonies were without any clinical signs, in some of the apiaries where samples were collected, wing deformity, trembling, paralysis, swelling in the abdomen, loss of productivity, and dead bees were observed. The prevalences of DWV-A, DWV-B, and DWV-C in adult honey bees were 62%, 82%, and 24%, respectively. The dominant genotype detected in bee hives was the DWV-B master variant (98%). Also, the virus load of the DWV-A master variant was high in all of the honey bee hives with wintering losses.
Conclusion: In this present study, data on the current status of DWV master variants circulating in Turkey and their impacts on honey bee colonies are reported for the first time. Thus, it is thought that DWV, which causes yield losses at varying rates in every season of the year in Turkish bee hives, should be carefully monitored.
Modeling of the properties of the semiconductor solid solution Lu1-xVxNiSb in the presence of magnetic ordering
Authors: Romaka V.V. , Romaka V.A. , Stadnyk Yu. , Romaka L. , Horyn A. , Pashkevych V. , Haraniuk P.
Published: September 2023

Modeling of the thermodynamic, structural, energetic and magnetic properties of the semiconductor solid solution Lu1-xVxNiSb was carried out under the condition of the presence of a magnetic moment on the V atoms and the occurrence of spontaneous magnetization. It is shown that the change in the unit cell parameter a(x) and the mixing enthalpy ΔHmix(х) depends little on the presence or absence of spontaneous magnetization. Modeling of the distribution of the density of electronic states DOS in the presence of a magnetic moment on V atoms revealed the splitting of energy states with spins up and down while preserving the band gap εg of Lu1-xVxNiSb. The relationship between the concentration of magnetic V atoms in Lu1-xVxNiSb and the Curie temperature ТС, when spontaneous magnetization is destroyed and the substance becomes paramagnetic, is established. The solid solution semiconductor Lu1-xVxNiSb, provided spontaneous magnetization is present, can be considered as a promising magnetocaloric.
School Violence in South Korea from the Perspective of Coaching Psychology and Counseling
Authors: Seok Jong-Ok , Chung Jun-Ki
Published: September 2023

One of the most pressing problems facing South Korean society today is school violence. This problem causes many instructors to feel hopeless, and many of them take their own lives as a result. This study intends to shed light on the causes of such violence as well as its solutions via the lenses of coaching psychology and counseling. In this study, we will show that school violence in Korea is a result of a cultural phenomenon that is connected with a number of societal issues as Korea transitions into a post-modern society, rather than just being a result of conflicts between students and teachers or parents and teachers.
Diversiform black silicon for bio-sensing
Authors:   , Golubewa Lena
Published: September 2023

Diversiform black silicon for bio-sensing The Thesis is dedicated to the design, computational analysis, fabrication, and testing of low-cost, stable, and scalable substrates based on diversiform black silicon sputtered with gold pseudo-layer for NIR surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of living cells, organic molecules, and carbon-based nanomaterials. The black silicons were produced by either cryogenic or room temperature inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching; gold pseudo-layer was magnetron-sputtered. The surface micro-structuring was tuned by the fabrication process variation, resulting in hydrophilic interfaces for living cell analysis or hydrophobic surfaces for analytical applications. A cone-like black silicon substrate coated with a 50-80 nm gold pseudo-layer showed excellent uniformity, an enhancement factor of 108, and was applied for living cell investigation. Computational simulation of the silicon-gold core-shell structures proved location of their optical resonance in 700-800 nm, adjustable by the gold layer thinning. It was validated by reducing gold thickness down to 25-50 nm and 10-25 nm for lace- and pillar-like black silicons, respectively. Implementation of black silicon-based SERS allowed revealing a hypochlorite-mediated biodegradation of carbon-based nanomaterials upon activation of neutrophils during cancer theranostics. These findings enable affordable, widespread SERS implementation in diverse applications, from nanomaterial science to biomedicine.
Prevalence and Predictors of Early Intervention Referral Among Substance-Exposed Newborns
Authors: Bourque Stephanie L. , Weikel Blair W. , Hwang Sunah S.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES

Substance-exposed newborns (SENs) are at risk for developmental delay(s). Early intervention (EI) access, key to addressing these risks, is inequitable. Objectives were to: 1. determine prevalence of EI referral in the Colorado Hospitals Substance-Exposed Newborn Quality Improvement Collaborative; and 2. evaluate predictors of referral.

METHODS

Within participating Colorado Hospitals Substance-Exposed Newborn hospitals, maternal–infant dyads with exposure to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), illicit/prescription opioids, and/or nonopioid substances were included on the basis of electronic medical record documentation. χ2, Fisher’s exact, and analysis of variance tests evaluated differences in maternal/infant characteristics by referral. Multivariable Poisson regression models assessed the independent association of characteristics with referral.

RESULTS

Among 1222 dyads, 504 (41%) SENs received EI referral. Infants born to mothers with non-MOUD (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 2.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.67–2.76) and polysubstance (aRR 1.58, 95% CI 1.26–1.97) exposure were less likely to receive referral compared with infants born to mothers with MOUD exposure. Those with private (aRR 1.26, 95% CI 1.03–1.55) or self-pay/no insurance (aRR 12.32, 95% CI 10.87–13.96) were less likely to receive referral compared with infants with public insurance.

CONCLUSIONS

Less than half of identified SENs received EI referral, with variation by substance exposure and maternal insurance status. Systems to ensure equitable access to services are crucial.
BIOFIJACIÓN DE CO2 POR DOS ESPECIES DE MICROALGAS CULTIVADAS EN FOTOBIORREACTORES
Authors: Vergara-Patiño Leonardo , Sanclemente-Reyes Oscar Eduardo , Ararát-Orozco Milton Cesar
Published: September 2023

Se evaluó la capacidad de biofijación de dióxido de carbono (CO2) por las especies Chlorella vulgaris y Scenedesmus obliquus cultivadas en fotobiorreactores en un fotoperiodo 12:12 h. Se empleó un diseño experimental completamente al azar cuyas fuentes de variación fueron: especie microalgal y dosificación de CO2 (0,36; 11,44 y 22,62 g.d-1). Los fotobiorreactores fueron unidades plásticas con 3,8 L de medio de cultivo (solución NPK + micronutrientes), e iluminación artificial con lámpara fluorescente de 4400 lúmenes. Se estimaron las variables: productividad de biomasa mediante la metodología de peso seco, biofijación de CO2 por método numérico y eficacia de remoción del CO2 en porcentaje. Los resultados se sometieron al análisis de varianza y pruebas de medias de Tukey (p<0,05). Se registró mayor productividad de biomasa y biofijación de CO2 en C. vulgaris comparada con S. obliquus. La mayor biofijación de CO2 por C. vulgaris y S. obliquus se registró a la dosis de 11,44 g.d-1 con 161,79 ± 4,72 y 55,31 ± 0,73 mg.L-1d-1, respectivamente. La eficiencia de remoción de CO2 fue significativamente mayor con la dosis 0,36 g.d-1 registrando valores de 49,80 ± 3,16 y 39,13 ± 0,57 % para C. vulgaris y S. obliquus respectivamente. Estos resultados sugieren la posibilidad de escalado de fotobiorreactores de bajo costo para biofijación de emisiones de CO2 en fuentes fijas industriales, contribuyendo así a la mitigación de gases de efecto invernadero.
GROWTH PARAMETERS OF BLUEBERRY (Vaccinium spp.) PLANTS INOCULATED WITH Pseudomonas fluorescens
Authors: Cortes-Solis Yesenia , Tovar-Rocha Violeta , Tovar-Rocha Julio César , Santoyo Gustavo , Rocha-Granados María Carmen
Published: September 2023

The production and consumption of blueberry have increased in Mexico owing to its health benefits. Symbiotic relationships have been shown to be crucial in blueberry plants. In particular, phytohormone production by Pseudomonas fluorescens is an important mechanism of plant growth promotion. However, there are only a few reports on the effects of plant growth-promoting bacteria in blueberries. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of four strains of P. fluorescens (UM16, UM240, UM256, and UM270) and two types of slow-release fertilizer (nitrophosphate and basacote) on the development of blueberry var. Biloxi under greenhouse conditions. Blueberry seedlings obtained from in vitro culture and adapted under greenhouse conditions were inoculated with 1 x 106 CFU with any of the four strains, depending on treatment. Plants inoculated showed increased average plant length, plant fresh weight, root length, and root fresh and dry weight, compared with those with the control treatment (non-inoculated plants). The plants inoculated and fertilized with nitrophosphate had a better development compared with those fertilized with basacote or the control plants (inoculated or fertilized). Inoculated plants fertilized with nitrophosphate also had greater plant length, higher fresh plant weight, longer roots, and greater root fresh and dry weight than the control (non-inoculated or non-fertilized plants). Our study could facilitate the sustainable propagation of blueberry plants.
ANTIFUNGAL AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF ETHANOLIC AND AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF THE WILD PLANT CONSUELA (Tinantia erecta)
Authors: López-Palestina César Uriel , Ramos-Joaquín Ahuitzol de Jesús , Santiago-Saenz Yair Olovaldo , Velázquez-Jiménez René , Altamirano-Romo Susana Elizabeth , Gutierrez-Tlahque Jorge
Published: September 2023

Wild edible plant species can be a good source of biologically active compounds. Therefore, the aims of this research were to evaluate the antioxidant activity and quantify the phenolic compounds present in ethanolic (70% v/v) and aqueous extracts of Tinantia erecta, and to evaluate their antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi. The total phenol and flavonoid content and the in vitro antioxidant activity of extracts were assessed, and the phenolic compounds were quantified by HPLC. The extracts (250 μg mL–1) from T. erecta were tested for antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum, Phytophthora capsici, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Rhizoctonia solani. The plant organ with the highest concentration of antioxidant compounds was the leaf, and the most efficient solvent for the extraction of these compounds was 70% ethanol. The phenolic compounds found in high concentrations were phloridzin (97.5 mg g–1), naringenin (19.3 mg g–1), and rutin (14.8 mg g–1). The extract obtained from leaves with 70% ethanol inhibited mycelial growth by 84 to 100%, with F. oxysporum being the least sensitive and R. solani being the most sensitive to the effect of the extract. The maximum percentage inhibition of the aqueous extracts was 15.6% against P. capsici. Extracts from the endemic species T. erecta exhibited good antioxidant activity, primarily due to the presence of phenolic compounds, and showed a great potential to inhibit phytopathogenic microorganisms.
FITOPLANCTON DE UN HUMEDAL TROPICAL SOMERO DE ZONAS BAJAS Y SU RELACIÓN CON VARIABLES FISICOQUÍMICAS
Authors: Huertas-Farías Kelly , Guevara Giovanny , Reinoso Florez Gladys
Published: September 2023

El fitoplancton constituye uno de los componentes más importantes de los ecosistemas dulceacuícolas lenticos, ya que representa el recurso basal para el crecimiento y supervivencia de los demás organismos asociados con estos ecosistemas. Además, aporta información relevante para el diagnóstico del estado de conservación de un cuerpo de agua, por su sensibilidad a un amplio rango de tensores, reflejado en variaciones en su composición y estructura. A pesar de varios estudios sobre la riqueza y dinámica del fitoplancton en sistemas lenticos de zonas tropicales, el conocimiento en humedales someros de zonas bajas es escaso. En el presente estudio se planteó determinar la composición y estructura del fitoplancton y su relación con variables fisicoquímicas, en el humedal El Silencio (Tolima, Colombia), un sistema acuático somero (profundidad < 1 m). Se realizaron ocho muestreos durante un ciclo hidrológico, colectando cuatro muestras en la zona limnética con red de plancton (23 μm). Se encontró que la comunidad fitoplanctónica está compuesta principalmente por el phylum Euglenozoa (78,9 %), seguido de Chlorophyta (17,5 %) y en menor proporción por los phyla Cyanobacteria (2 %), Bacillariophyta (0,92 %), y Charophyta (0,10 %). Las variables fisicoquímicas que más incidieron en la composición de la comunidad fitoplanctónica fueron alcalinidad y fósforo total. Asimismo, la dinámica del fitoplancton estuvo influenciada por los cambios climáticos y los niveles de precipitación. La presencia de Lepocinclis, Actinastrum, Trachelomonas, Phacus y Euglena mostraron una representatividad mayor del 90 %, lo que se asocia con un alto grado de eutrofía en el humedal.
EVALUACIÓN DEL ESTADO ECOLÓGICO DEL RÍO ÁNIMAS MEDIANTE ÍNDICES MULTIMÉTRICOS EN CERINZA, BOYACÁ
Authors: González-Tuta Ángela Liceth , Gil-Padilla Luz Nidia , Pinilla-Agudelo Gabriel Antonio
Published: September 2023

El estado o calidad ecológica es un concepto integral que refleja el grado de deterioro de los ambientes acuáticos. Para medirlo se han diseñado protocolos que evidencian los cambios en la estructura y funcionamiento de las comunidades bióticas en respuesta a las presiones antropogénicas. Se evaluó el estado ecológico del río Ánimas a lo largo de su eje longitudinal, mediante los índices IMEERA, IMARBO y BMWP-Col. Se realizaron muestreos en épocas seca y lluviosa en cuatro tramos del eje longitudinal. Se tomaron datos fisicoquímicos del agua y datos hidromorfológicos. Se colectaron macroinvertebrados mediante una red Surber. Los iones disueltos en el agua fueron los factores más relevantes del conjunto de variables fisicoquímicas. El índice hidromorfológico indicó que los puntos a menor elevación en la cuenca presentaron una puntuación deficiente. En cuanto a la abundancia y composición de macroinvertebrados, se reflejó una mayor abundancia en época seca y una mayor riqueza en época de lluvias. Los índices IMEERA y BMWP-Col tuvieron un comportamiento similar con valores menores en la época seca, mientras que en la fase lluviosa alcanzaron los registros más altos, revelando diferencias claras en el estado ecológico de los puntos de muestreo. El índice IMARBO presentó un comportamiento distinto, según el cual los puntos de menor elevación (uno y dos) reflejaron una condición de mayor deterioro en comparación con los puntos más altos (tres y cuatro). Para los tres índices, este último punto presentó la mejor condición de calidad. Este estudio contribuye al conocimiento del comportamiento de ríos andinos frente a índices de calidad ecológica.
PSEUDORECOMBINACIÓN DEL VIRUS DEL MOSAICO AMARILLO DE LA PAPA QUE INFECTA TOMATE CON BEGOMOVIRUS AISLADOS DE ARVENSES
Authors: García-Torres Alexandra , López-López Karina , Vaca-Vaca Juan Carlos
Published: September 2023

En las infecciones mixtas entre begomovirus, comunes en regiones tropicales y subtropicales, eventos como transcomplementación y transreplicación pueden ocurrir. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la posibilidad de eventos asimétricos de transreplicación y transcomplementación entre el Virus del mosaico amarillo de la papa (PYMV) y tres begomovirus previamente aislados de arvenses asociadas al cultivo de tomate: Virus del mosaico dorado de croton (CohGMV), Virus del mosaico dorado de rhynchosia de Colombia (RhGMCV) y el Virus moteado de verbena (VeMV). Para alcanzar este objetivo, se inocularon hojas de tomate con mezclas artificiales de componentes genómicos begomovirales pertenecientes a PYMV, CohGMV, RhGMCV o VeMV usando biobalística. Se analizaron las posibles interacciones entre los virus a nivel  de replicación, movimiento y expresión de síntomas. Nuestros resultados mostraron complementación  simétrica a nivel de movimiento y replicación, además de eventos de transactivación heteróloga en infecciones mixtas entre PYMV con CohGMV, RhGMCV o VeMV. Para explicar la posible complementación asimétrica a nivel de movimiento y replicación entre estos begomovirus, se  realizó un análisis bioinformático de los promotores virales de PYMV, CohGMV, RhGMCV y VeMV. Se identificaron similitudes en los elementos cis-regulatorios de las regiones analizadas entre los begomovirus estudiados en nuestro análisis. Los eventos de complementación asimétrica y transactivación observados bajo condiciones  experimentales sugieren que, de presentarse infecciones mixtas bajo condiciones naturales en el campo, podrían potencialmente emerger nuevos pseudorecombinantes.
Sequential plantations of rice, edamame soybeans, and peanuts as a product of alternative and mineral fertilization in the Roraima Cerrado in Brazil
Authors: Smiderle Oscar José , Souza Aline das Graças , De Oliveira Jane Maria Franco , Dias Thiago Jardelino
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study was to determine the production of sequential rice, soybean, and peanut plantations as a function of mineral and alternative fertilization. To meet the objectives of the work, three independent experiments were carried out in the Experimental Field of Embrapa in Brazil. The first experiment was with rice BRS Sertaneja, conducted in the period from May to September in two agricultural years (2009 and 2010), with the purpose of evaluating the yield, germination, and vigour of BRS Sertaneja rice seeds as a function of mineral and alternative fertilization. The second experiment was performed with soybeans BRS 258 and the strain BR9452273, which were evaluated in the period from October to January in two years (2009/2010 and 2010/2011), to determine the agronomic attributes of green grain production (R6 stage). In the third experiment, BRS 151 L-7 (red) and 184 AM L-7 (cream) peanut crops were cultivated from February to April in two years (2010 and 2011), to determine the yield of pods and grains, weight of 100 pods, weight of 100 seeds, weight of husks, weight in seeds of 100 pods, relative grain yield in relation to pods (RR, %), and grain yield. Intermediate fertilization is indicated to increase the yield of peanut pods and grains BRS 151 L-7 and 184 AM L-7 in the highlands of the Roraima Cerrado in Brazil.
Improvement of the soil quality under intercropped conilon coffee (Coffea canephora P.) in the coastal tablelands of Southeast Brazil
Authors: Soares de Souza Gustavo , Carlette Thiengo Cássio , Silva Samuel de Assis , Armani Borghi Edinei José
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical-hydrological and chemical properties and organic carbon stock of soil under intercropped conilon coffee (Coffea canephora P.) and in full sun in the coastal tablelands of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The treatments evaluated were coffee intercropped with rubber tree (CR) and in full sun (FS) in the area 1; coffee intercropped with papaya (CP) and in full sun (FS) in the area 2; coffee intercropped with coconut (CC), in full sun (FS), and an area of ​​native vegetation (NV) in the area 3. The physical and chemical properties of the soil and its organic carbon stocks were measured in layers of 0-0.4 m. In area 1, CR showed lower soil bulk density and temperature, and higher total porosity and macroporosity. In area 2, CP presented higher available water capacity and soil water content, better soil fertility, and lower soil temperature. In area 3, CC presented higher total porosity, available water capacity, and soil organic carbon stock. NV presented physical and chemical properties of soil that limit the agricultural development of the crops. Conilon coffee plantations can improve the physical-hydrological and chemical quality of soil compared to cultivation in full sun and native vegetation in the coastal tablelands, which varies according to the intercropped culture.
Recubrimiento a base de almidón de plátano (Musa ABB) para la protección del plátano de exportación
Authors: Montiel Álvarez Urías , Gómez Natalia Andrea , Escobar Diana Marcela
Published: September 2023

En el presente trabajo se evaluó la posibilidad de desarrollar un recubrimiento a base de almidón, que permita extender la vida útil de plátanos tipo exportación, además se estudió su potencial aplicación como protección en frutos en poscosecha. En el desarrollo experimental se extrajo almidón desde la pulpa del plátano, se caracterizó y se usó como biopolímero base para la fabricación de películas, en las cuales se varió el porcentaje de almidón (3 y 4 % p/v), y se utilizó glicerol (2 y 3 % p/v) como plastificante y extracto de tomillo (0.05 % v/v) como agente antimicrobiano. Cada película fabricada se caracterizó por FTIR y SEM y se evaluó mediante pruebas mecánicas, permeabilidad al vapor de agua y espesor. Los resultados mostraron películas con espesor promedio de 0.25 mm con adecuada flexibilidad otorgada por la adición de glicerol, además de estabilidad, evidenciada en el FTIR. Las imágenes SEM mostraron superficies homogéneas que permiten tener una permeabilidad al vapor de agua adecuada para el intercambio de oxígeno en el fruto. De acuerdo con los resultados se estableció que la formulación que presentó mejores características en la protección de plátanos fue la que contenía 3 % p/v de almidón, 3 % v/v de glicerol y 0.05 % v/v de extracto de tomillo.