bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo retrospectivo de diagnósticos post-mortem de cães e gatos necropsiados no Setor de Patologia Animal da Universidade Federal do Piauí, Brasil de 2009 a 2014
Authors: Batista Emanuelle Karine Frota , Pires Lidiany Viana , Miranda Dayane Francisca Higino , Albuquerque Werner Rocha , Carvalho Alinne Rosa de Melo , Silva Lucilene Dos Santos , Silva Silvana Maria Medeiros de Souza
Published: April 2016

O conhecimento das principais causas de óbito em cães e gatos fornece subsídios para o monitoramento, planejamento e avaliação de medidas que visam reduzir o percentual de óbito desses animais em uma dada localidade. O presente trabalho compilou os diagnósticos post-mortem de cães e gatos necropsiados no Laboratório de Patologia Animal – da Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Estado do Piauí, Brasil, no período de agosto de 2009 a agosto de 2014, estabelecendo a frequência das doenças que culminaram com o óbito dos animais. Nesse período foram necropsiados 361 cães e 86 gatos. Dos cães, 56,7% eram machos e 43,3% fêmeas. Em relação à idade no momento do óbito, 29,4% tinham menos de um ano; 27,7% entre 1,1 a 5 anos; 23,3% de 5,1 a 10 anos e 9,1% acima de 10,1 anos. Em relação aos felinos, 61,6% eram machos e 38,4% eram fêmeas, dos quais 29,1% tinham menos de um ano; 39,5% de 1,1 a 5 anos; 18,6% de 5,1 a 10 anos e 2,3% acima de 10,1 anos. Nos cães as principais causas de óbito foram distúrbios infecciosos (23,8%), doenças degenerativas (14,4%), distúrbios circulatórios (10,2%) e neoplasias 8,6%. Em gatos, os distúrbios infecciosos (18,6%), urinários (15,1%), traumáticos (8,1%) e neoplasias (8,1%) foram as principais causas de morte. Conclui-se que a principal causa de morte, tanto em cães quanto gatos, diagnosticada no setor de Patologia Animal – UFPI foram as doenças infecciosas, estes resultados contribuem para que o clínico dedique maior atenção a essas enfermidades, visando adoção de medidas profiláticas que reduzirão a sua ocorrência nos animais de companhia da região estudada.
MOBILIDADE SUSTENTÁVEL - CALÇADAS: ESPAÇOS DESTINADOS AOS DESBRAVADORES URBANOS NO BAIRRO DE SANTO AMARO
Authors: Da Silva Adrielli França
Published: April 2016

Os espaços de passeio no ambiente urbano destinados aos pedestres parecem ter sido resultado de um grande improviso dentro das questões de estruturação dos meios de circulação da cidade de São Paulo. Inicialmente as calçadas não eram destinadas para as pessoas trafegarem e sim as ruas, todavia com o aumento da indústria automobilística, as ruas passaram a ser projetadas prioritariamente para os automóveis, deixando em segundo plano as estruturas estabelecidas para a circulação de pessoas. As ações do poder público durante anos estiveram voltadas ao conforto do automóvel, direcionando a responsabilidade das calçadas aos proprietários dos lotes, definindo alguns parâmetros básicos que ainda hoje, raramente são seguidos, conformando caminhos sem unidade, desconexos e irregulares. Essa transmissão de responsabilidade mostra claramente o valor que se dá ao pedestre - basicamente nenhum - pois nem sequer existe a preocupação em disponibilizar uma via decente para ele trafegar em segurança e conforto.  Santo Amaro foi escolhido para análise por ser um território extremamente diversificado quanto ao uso e a forma de ocupação e por suas características topográficas e de intenso movimento de pessoas. Assim, foi feito uma análise das calçadas da região através de diversas tipologias de pedestres, a fim de identificar dificuldades específicas e gerais de locomoção no bairro. Foram percorridos aproximadamente 12 quilômetros de calçadas no bairro, onde foi possível agrupá-las em 3 condições principais: Calçadas Adequadas; Calçadas Inadequadas com Potencial de Adequação e Calçadas Inadequadas sem potencial de Adequação. Constatou-se que as áreas com grande potencial parecem estar à espera da conscientização de seus cuidadores, os proprietários, ou apenas de uma aplicabilidade e fiscalização mais rigorosa de nossas legislações em vigência, afinal é direito do cidadão não apenas ir e vir mas ser servido de qualidade em quaisquer que sejam seu percurso.
BROWNFIELDS E SUAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS: UM CASO ESPECÍFICO DA OPERAÇÃO URBANA BAIRROS DO TAMANDUATEÍ
Authors: Flores Salinas Vania Cristiane
Published: April 2016

A questão da contaminação dos solos é crucial para um planejamento urbano sustentável, principalmente nas cidades que tiveram sua história marcada pelo desenvolvimento industrial como São Paulo. Os problemas da contaminação do solo vai além do empobrecimento do mesmo e de seus componentes, sendo algo que afeta o meio ambiente e toda a cadeia alimentar e produtiva. Neste artigo será tratada uma área dentro da operação urbana Bairros do Tamanduateí que conflita com as propostas trazidas pelo projeto de Lei da Operação Urbana, uma vez que ele não define diretrizes para como será tratada a questão da contaminação, além disso, discute-se a necessidade de entender a rapidez com que se deve trabalhar estas áreas para que elas não sejam ocupadas irregularmente o que pode agravar ainda mais os danos oriundos da industrialização.
Subsurface stratigraphy of the cretaceous-neogene sedimentary sequence of Manaus and Itacoatiara regions, Central Amazon
Authors: Soares Emílio Alberto Amaral , Wahnfried Ingo , Dino Rodolfo
Published: April 2016

O arcabouço estratigráfico pós-paleozoico da região de Manaus e Itacoatiara (Amazônia Central) foi elaborado com base em quatro seções geológicas contendo principalmente dados geofísicos e litológicos de 15 poços tubulares com até 300 m de profundidade, complementado com descrições de afloramentos. A definição de padrões específicos das curvas de raios gama natural (RG) e resistividade (RE) permitiu a individualização das unidades sedimentares inferior, intermediária e superior e seus contatos (descontinuidades S1 e S2). A unidade inferior, definida a partir da cota de -130 m, é constituída principalmente de folhelho, cujas repetições diagráficas das curvas de RG e RE caracterizam os padrões de curva tipos funil e serrilhado. A unidade intermediária, definida nas cotas entre 20 a -180 m, é constituída por intercalações de arenitos, pelitos e conglomerados, que geram repetições cíclicas de valores das diagrafias de RG e RE, gerando os padrões serrilhado e sino. A unidade superior, definida na cota de -30 m até a superfície do terreno, é constituída principalmente de arenitos com intercalações restritas de pelitos, que definem os padrões simétrico (curva de RG) e caixote (curvas de RE e RG). O posicionamento estratigráfico das unidades inferior, intermediária e superior nas seções, bem como o aspecto litológico e as relações com as superfícies limitantes, aliado a dados estratigráficos e geocronológicos regionais permitiram sua respectiva associação com as formações Nova Olinda-Andirá (Paleozoico), Alter do Chão (Cretáceo) e Novo Remanso (Neógeno) da Bacia do Amazonas. Em função da densa cobertura de vegetação e solo, os aspectos litológicos e padrões diagráficos descritos para cada unidade podem servir de base para o estudo da cobertura sedimentar pós-paleozoicas da Amazônia
Contribution to the geology, geochemistry and petrography of mafic dykes from the central-east portion of Rondônia, SW Amazonian Craton
Authors: Trindade Netto Gil Barreto , Costa Paulo César Corrêa da , Girardi Vicente Antonio Vitório
Published: April 2016

Dois tipos de diques máficos ocorrem na porção centro-leste de Rondônia, a sudoeste do Cráton Amazônico. Os enxames posicionam-se na interface entre duas províncias geocronológicas e terrenos tectônicos distintos (Província Rio Negro-Juruena e Sunsás-Aguapeí, individualizadas no Terreno Jamari e Terreno Nova Brasilândia, respectivamente), separados pelo gráben paleozoico de Pimenta Bueno. Eles são denominados diabásio I e diabásio II. Diabásio I orienta-se preferencialmente segundo WNW-ESE, subordinadamente segundo NW-SE, e cortam rochas proterozoicas das formações Migrantinópolis e Terra Boa, e da Suíte Intrusiva Serra da Providência. Diabásio II é mais abundante na região e orienta-se preferencialmente segundo N-S e NNE-SSW, e subordinadamente segundo WSW-ESE. Esse enxame intrude rochas paleozoicas das formações Pedra Redonda e Pimenta Bueno. As principais diferenças petrográficas consistem na presença de ortopiroxênio somente nas amostras do diabásio II, e em diferentes texturas, predominantemente equigranular no diabásio I, e frequentemente porfirítica e microporfirítica no diabásio II. Geoquimicamente, as rochas de ambos os tipos classificam-se como basaltos toleíticos. Diabásio I (mg# 0,35 – 0,71) é mais enriquecido em FeO, TiO2 , K2 O, P2 O5 e elementos incompatíveis em comparação ao diabásio II (mg# 0,40 – 0,60). A diferença em grau de enriquecimento de ambos os magmas e a nítida distinção entre razões de elementos incompatíveis indicam que diabásio I e diabásio II são provenientes de diferentes mantos parentais. A grande similaridade entre teores e razões de elementos incompatíveis dos diabásios I e metagabros do Grupo Nova Brasilândia (1,10 Ga) sugere que ambos os magmas originaram-se de fontes mantélicas semelhantes, devendose levar em conta, para futuras pesquisas, a possibilidade da proximidade das respectivas idades de intrusão. As características geológicas do enxame de diabásio II sugere idade mesozoica. Os dados geológicos e geoquímicos indicam ambiente intracratônico para ambos os enxames
Relations between Potiguar Rift structural framework and the adjacent basement: analysis of gravity and magnetic data
Authors: Souza Suelen Ferreira de , Castro David Lopes de , Bezerra Francisco Hilário Rêgo , Barbosa José Antônio
Published: April 2016

Os métodos gravimétricos e magnéticos classicamente apresentam boas respostas para o estudo do arcabouço tectônico de bacias sedimentares. Neste trabalho, foram aplicadas técnicas avançadas de processamento de dados geofísicos (redução ao polo, matched filter, gradiente horizontal total e inclinação do sinal analítico do gradiente horizontal total), com o objetivo de caracterizar a expressão geofísica das principais estruturas do Rifte Potiguar e do seu embasamento cristalino (NE do Brasil). Com o intuito de se estabelecer o comportamento dos principais blocos crustais da Província Borborema sob o pacote sedimentar da Bacia Potiguar, foram identificados oito domínios tectono-geofísicos através da correlação dos padrões anômalos das fontes causativas com dados geológicos disponíveis na literatura. Os extensos sistemas de falhas, que limitam o Rifte Potiguar, apresentam-se como expressivos lineamentos gravimétricos positivos. As principais zonas de cisalhamento, que limitam os blocos crustais da Província Borborema, foram também correlacionadas com expressivas anomalias alongadas na direção NE-SW. A integração dos diversos mapas geofísicos com a geologia de superfície permitiu correlacionar a expressão geofísica dessas estruturas e estabelecer a sua influência nos processos de rifteamento, pelos quais passou a bacia, inclusive as feições estruturais NE-SW, observadas nas regiões adjacentes a bacia. Foi possível definir a presença dessas feições abaixo da coluna sedimentar da Bacia Potiguar, as quais controlaram fortemente a estruturação interna do Rifte Potiguar. Tais resultados corroboram as hipóteses que sugerem a influência de estruturas pré-cambrianas na formação da bacia durante o rifteamento na margem continental leste do Brasil. É importante ressaltar que a inferência de deformações com trend NW-SE, reveladas principalmente pelos dados magnéticos, contribui para a hipótese de que tenha ocorrido a propagação dos esforços tectônicos E-W, que formaram a margem equatorial, para o interior do continente. Tais esforços também influenciaram o truncamento de estruturas do embasamento, deformações com direção NW-SE nos diques Rio Ceará-Mirim e causaram o arrasto lateral de direção E-W, que ocorre entre a Zona de Cisalhamento Portalegre e o Sistema de Falhas de Carnaubais.
Molecular characterisation of two known species of Paratylenchus Micoletzky, 1922 from Iran with notes on the validity of Paratylenchus audriellus Brown, 1959
Authors: Esmaeili Mehrab , Heydari Ramin , Castillo Pablo , Ziaie Bidhendi Mozhgan , Palomares-Rius Juan E.
Published: April 2016

During a survey on pin nematodes in western Iran, two populations ofParatylenchus audriellusandParatylenchus tenuicaudatuswere collected and subsequently analysed morphologically and molecularly.Paratylenchus audriellusis characterised by the long stylet (48-61 μm) and the typical female tail with a characteristic claw-like process with sharply pointed terminus. To our knowledge, the Iranian population ofP. tenuicaudatusis the first record from Iran. The molecular characterisation ofP. audriellusnematodes using the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA and the partial 18S rRNA gene sequences revealed that this species is clearly separated fromP. straeleniand should be considered as a valid taxon.
State of Confusion: The Doctrine of ‘Clean Hands’ in Investment Arbitration After the Yukos Award
Authors: Dumberry Patrick
Published: April 2016

This article examines the controversial question of the clean hands doctrine in investment arbitration and how tribunals have analyzed this concept. Many tribunals have concluded that they lacked jurisdiction over a claim (or that it was inadmissible) because an investor had made its investment in violation of the host State’s laws. This article argues that this legality requirement is a manifestation of the clean hands doctrine. The main focus of the article is a critical review of the recent Yukos award. It assesses the Tribunal’s conclusion that the doctrine should not be considered as a general principle of law and its rejection of the application of the doctrine to violations committed by an investor during the post-establishment phase of its investment. The article argues that a number of investment tribunals have in fact already applied the clean hands doctrine in their awards to bar the admissibility of claims.
A new species of Indo-Pacific Modulidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)
Authors: LOZOUET PIERRE , KRYGELMANS ANOUCHKA
Published: April 2016

Modulidae is a littoral cerithioid family exclusively encountered in tropical and subtropical regions. It contains 12 to 15 living species (some species are not clearly delimited). Only one species is known to occur in the vast Indo-Pacific region (Bouchet 2015) and two species in the eastern Atlantic. By comparison, the tropical American regions are relatively rich with at least eleven living species (two or three species in the eastern Pacific and nine or more in the western Atlantic), and an equivalent number or more of fossil species (Landau et al. 2014).
A new species Spilarctia duda (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae) from China
Authors: Saldaitis Aidas , PEKARSKY OLEG
Published: April 2016

A new tiger moth, Spilarctia duda sp. n., from southeast China, Sichuan is described. A diagnostic comparison with Spilarctia bipunctata Daniel, 1943 and Spilarctia clava (Wileman, 1910) is provided. During recent years the Chinese Arctiini have been intensively collected and explored (Fang, 2000; Dubatolov, 2010; Kishida, 2015; and numerous other publications), so the discovery of a distinctive new species near Maoxian, North part of Sichuan Province, was most unexpected.
Dynamics of Upper-Level Frontogenesis in Baroclinic Waves
Authors: Mak Mankin , Lu Yi , Deng Yi
Published: April 2016

This paper reports a diagnosis of the structure and dynamics of upper-level fronts (ULFs) simulated with a high-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting Model with diabatic heating versus one without diabatic heating. The ULFs of both simulations develop in about 6 days as integral parts of intensifying baroclinic waves. Each has a curvilinear structure along the southern edge of a relatively narrow long tongue of high potential vorticity in which stratospheric air is subducted to different tropospheric levels by synoptic-scale subsidence. It resembles a veil in the sky of varying thickness across the midsection upstream of the trough of the baroclinic wave.

The 3D frontogenetical function is shown to be a necessary and sufficient metric for quantifying the rate of development of ULFs. Its value is mostly associated with the contribution of the 3D ageostrophic velocity component. Upper-level frontogenesis is attributable to the joint direct influence of the vortex-stretching process and the deformation property of the 3D ageostrophic flow component. The model also generates a spectrum of vertically propagating mesoscale gravity waves. The ULFs simulated with and without diabatic heating processes are qualitatively similar. The ULF is considerably more intense when there is heating. The heating, however, does not make a significant direct contribution to but indirectly does so through its impacts on the subsidence field of the baroclinic wave.
Distinct metaplastic and inflammatory phenotypes in autoimmune and adenocarcinoma‐associated chronic atrophic gastritis
Authors: Jeong Sangho , Choi Eunyoung , Petersen Christine P , Roland Joseph T , Federico Alessandro , Ippolito Rossana , D'Armiento Francesco P , Nardone Gerardo , Nagano Osamu , Saya Hideyuki , Romano Marco , Goldenring James R
Published: April 2016

Background

Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) and adenocarcinoma‐associated chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) are both associated with oxyntic atrophy, but AIG patients demonstrate an increased risk of carcinoid tumors rather than the elevated risk of adenocarcinoma observed with CAG. We therefore sought to compare the characteristics of the metaplastic mucosa in AIG and CAG patients.

Methods

We examined markers for metaplasia (spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia (SPEM) and intestinal metaplasia) as well as proliferation (Ki67) and immune cell populations (neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils) in gastric sections from 16 female patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and AIG and 17 patients with CAG associated with gastric adenocarcinoma.

Results

Both AIG and CAG patients demonstrated prominent SPEM and intestinal metaplasia. However, AIG patients displayed significantly lower numbers of infiltrating macrophages and significantly reduced mucosal cell proliferation as compared to CAG patients.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that, while both AIG and CAG patients display prominent oxyntic atrophy and metaplasia, the AIG patients do not show proliferative metaplastic lineages that would predispose to adenocarcinoma.
Metformin Use and Survival of Patients With Pancreatic Cancer: A Cautionary Lesson
Authors: Chaiteerakij Roongruedee , Petersen Gloria M. , Bamlet William R. , Chaffee Kari G. , Zhen David B. , Burch Patrick A. , Leof Emma R. , Roberts Lewis R. , Oberg Ann L.
Published: April 2016

Purpose

The inclusion of metformin in the treatment arms of cancer clinical trials is based on improved survival that has been demonstrated in retrospective epidemiologic studies; however, unintended biases may exist when analysis is performed by using a conventional Cox proportional hazards regression model with dichotomous ever/never categorization. We examined the impact of metformin exposure definitions, analytical methods, and patient selection on the estimated effect size of metformin exposure on survival in a large cohort of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Patients and Methods

Of newly diagnosed patients with PDAC with diabetes, 980 were retrospectively included, and exposure to metformin documented. Median survival was assessed by using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs were computed to compare time-varying covariate analysis with conventional Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.

Results

Median survival of metformin users versus nonusers was 9.9 versus 8.9 months, respectively. By the time-varying covariate analysis, metformin use was not statistically significantly associated with improved survival (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.81 to1.07; P = .28). There was no evidence of benefit in the subset of patients who were naïve to metformin at the time of PDAC diagnosis (most representative of patients enrolled in clinical trials; HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.80 to 1.30; P = .89); however, when the analysis was performed by using the conventional Cox model, an artificial survival benefit of metformin was detected (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.77 to 1.01; P = .08), which suggested biased results from the conventional Cox analysis.

Conclusion

Our findings did not suggest the benefit of metformin use after patients are diagnosed with PDAC. We highlight the importance of patient selection and appropriate statistical analytical methods when studying medication exposure and cancer survival.
Adjusting for Drug Wastage in Economic Evaluations of New Therapies for Hematologic Malignancies: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lien Karen , Cheung Matthew C. , Chan Kelvin K.W.
Published: April 2016

Purpose:

As costs of cancer care rise, there has been a shift to focus on value. Drug wastage affects costs to patients and health care systems without adding value. Historically, cost-effectiveness analyses have used models that assume no drug wastage; however, this may not reflect real-world practices. We sought to identify the frequency of drug wastage modeling in economic evaluations of modern parenteral therapies for hematologic malignancies.

Methods:

We conducted a systematic literature review of economic evaluations of new US Food and Drug Administration–approved parenteral chemotherapies with indications for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. The primary outcome of interest was the proportion of studies that modeled drug wastage in base-case analyses. If wastage was considered in primary analyses, we reported the impact of wastage on incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) and drug acquisition costs.

Results:

Wastage was considered in base-case analyses in less than one third of all publications reviewed (12 of 38; 32%). Of these, two studies went on to complete sensitivity analyses and reported significant changes in the calculated ICER as a result. In one study, the ICER increased by 32%, and in the second, accounting for wastage changed a positive ICER to a dominant result.

Conclusion:

Potential costs associated with drug wastage are considered in only one third of modern cost-effectiveness models. The impact of wastage on calculated ICERs and drug acquisition costs is potentially substantial. The modeling of wastage in base-case and sensitivity analyses is recommended for future economic evaluations of new intravenous therapies for hematologic malignancies.
Assessing the Quality of a Radiation Oncology Case-Based, Peer-Review Program in an Integrated Academic and Community Cancer Center Network
Authors: Thaker Nikhil G. , Sturdevant Laurie , Jhingran Anuja , Das Prajnan , Delclos Marc E. , Gunn Gary B. , McAleer Mary Frances , Tereffe Welela , Choi Seungtaek L. , Frank Steven J. , Simeone William J. , Martinez Wendi , Hahn Stephen M. , Famiglietti Robin , Kuban Deborah A.
Published: April 2016

Purpose:

Academic centers increasingly find a need to define a comprehensive peer-review program that can translate high-quality radiation therapy (RT) to community network sites. In this study, we describe the initial results of a quarterly quality audit program that aims to improve RT peer-review and provider educational processes across community sites.

Materials and Methods:

An electronic tool was used by community-based certified member (CM) sites to enter clinical treatment information about patients undergoing peer review. At least 10% of the patient load for each CM physician was selected for audit on a quarterly basis by expert academic faculty. Quality metrics included the review of the management plan, technical plan, and other indicators. RT was scored as being concordant or nonconcordant with institutional guidelines, national standards, or expert judgment.

Results:

A total of 719 patients were entered into the peer-review database by the first four CM sites. Of 14% of patients audited, 17% (18 of 104) were deemed nonconcordant. Nonconcordance rates were lowest in prevalent disease sites, such as breast (16%), colorectal (14%), and lung (12%), whereas rates were highest in lymphoma (50%), brain (44%), and gynecology (27%). Deficiencies included incomplete staging work-up, incorrect target and normal tissue delineation, and nonadherence to accepted dose-volume constraints.

Conclusion:

Given the high rate of nonconcordance, we recommend prospective, pre-RT peer review of all patients, and, in particular, expert review of patients that are from low-volume or complex disease sites. An integrated approach to peer review holds a promise of improving the quality, safety, and value of cancer therapy in the community setting.
Analysis of After-Hours Patient Telephone Calls in Two Academic Radiation Oncology Departments: An Opportunity for Improvement in Patient Safety and Quality of Care
Authors: Warren Laura E.G. , Kim Miranda B. , Martin Neil E. , Shih Helen A.
Published: April 2016

Purpose:

Patient care within radiation oncology extends beyond the clinic or treatment hours. The on-call radiation oncologist is often not a patient’s primary radiation oncologist, introducing the possibility of communication breakdowns and medical errors. This study analyzed after-hours telephone calls to identify opportunities for improved patient safety and quality of care.

Methods and Materials:

Patient calls received outside of business hours between July 1, 2013, and June 30, 2014, at two academic radiation oncology departments were retrospectively reviewed. All calls were analyzed using content analysis, and descriptive analyses were performed.

Results:

During this time, 5,557 courses of radiotherapy (RT) were delivered. A total of 454 calls were received from 369 unique patients (81%), averaging 4.4 calls per week per department. Phone encounters were documented for 223 calls (49%). The calls were categorized by disease site (No., %): central nervous system (91, 20%), head and neck (78, 17%), genitourinary (53, 12%), GI (52, 12%), thoracic (51, 11%), gynecologic (30, 7%), breast (24, 5%), and other (75, 17%). Patients most often called regarding acute medical, non–RT-related issues (144 calls, 32%); acute RT-related adverse effects (127, 28%); and medication management, including refills (63, 14%).

Conclusion:

This analysis provided novel information regarding the volume of and reasons for after-hours patient-initiated telephone calls. It identified opportunities for actionable improvements in safety and quality of care, particularly with regard to documentation by on-call providers, communication with the primary radiation oncology and extended health care teams, patient education about common RT adverse effects, and medication management.
Dissonant Prolongations Again
Authors: Morgan Robert P.
Published: April 2016

Taking my own Schenker-derived view of dissonant prolongations as a point of departure, this article attempts to clarify this phenomenon by considering it in relation to tonal prolongation. This is accomplished in three ways: by reconsidering Schenker's mature attitude toward tonality and dissonance in more detail, with particular emphasis on his idea that dissonant prolongations are based on tonicizable but nontonic triads; by examining a number of extended, if partial, precedents for such prolongations in his final publication, Der freie Satz; and by supporting the article's main claim, that three songs by Hugo Wolf ending on nontonic chords suggest that they contain Schenkerain prolongations, being at once dissonant and tonal. The article ends by considering three tonal works by Brahms, Debussy, and Schoenberg that, though tonal and not completely dissonant, contain extended dissonant prolongations.
Fear-of-intimacy mediated zinc transport controls the function of Zn-finger transcription factors involved in myogenesis
Authors: Carrasco-Rando Marta , Atienza-Manuel Alexandra , Martín Paloma , Burke Richard , Ruiz-Gómez Mar
Published: April 2016

Zinc is a component of one tenth of all human proteins. Its cellular concentration is tightly regulated because its dyshomeostasis has catastrophic health consequences. Two families of zinc transporters control zinc homeostasis in organisms, but there is little information about their specific developmental roles. We show that the ZIP transporter fear-of-intimacy (foi) is necessary for the formation of Drosophila muscles. In foi mutants, myoblasts segregate normally, but their specification is affected, leading to the formation of a misshapen muscle pattern and distorted midgut. The observed phenotypes could be ascribed to the inactivation of specific zing-finger transcription factors (ZFTFs), supporting the hypothesis that they a consequence of a zinc intracellular depletion. Accordingly, foi phenotypes can be rescued by mesodermal expression of other ZIP members with similar subcellular localization. We propose that Foi acts mostly as a transporter to regulate zinc intracellular homeostasis, thereby impacting on the activity of ZFTFs that control specific developmental processes. Our results additionally suggest a possible explanation for the presence of large numbers of zinc transporters in organisms based on differences in ion transport specificity and/or degrees of activity among transporters.
mTor-signaling is required for the formation of proliferating Müller glia-derived progenitor cells in the chick retina
Authors: Zelinka Christopher P. , Volkov Leo , Goodman Zachary A. , Todd Levi , Palazzo Isabella , Bishop William A. , Fischer Andy J.
Published: April 2016

The mTor pathway is an important cell-signaling pathway that can influence many different cellular processes. We investigate the roles of mTor-signaling in the formation of Müller glia-derived progenitor cells (MGPCs) in the retina using the chick model system. During embryonic development, pS6 (a readout of active mTor-signaling) is present in early-stage retinal progenitors, differentiating amacrine and ganglion cells, and late-stage progenitors or maturing Müller glia. By contrast, pS6 is present at low levels in a few scattered cell types in mature, healthy retina. Following NMDA-induced damage, which is known to stimulate the formation of MGPCs, mTor-signaling is rapidly and transiently activated in Müller glia. Inhibition of mTor in damaged retinas potently inhibited the accumulation of pS6 in Müller glia and reduced numbers of proliferating MGPCs. Inhibition of mTor had no effect on MAPK-signaling or up-regulation of the stem cell factor Klf4, whereas up-regulation of Pax6 was significantly reduced. Inhibition of mTor potently blocked the MGPC-promoting effects of Hedgehog- and Wnt-, and glucocorticoid-signaling in damaged retinas. In the absence of retinal damage, insulin, IGF1, and FGF2 rapidly induced pS6 in Müller glia, and this was blocked by mTor-inhibitor. In FGF2-treated retinas, where MGPCs are known to form, inhibition of mTor blocked the accumulation of pS6, the up-regulation of Pax6, and the formation of proliferating MGPCs. We conclude that mTor-signaling is required, but not sufficient, to stimulate Müller glia to give rise to proliferating progenitor cells, and the network of signaling pathways that drive the formation of MGPCs requires activation of mTor.
Heparin interacts with the adhesion GPCR GPR56, reduces receptor shedding, and promotes cell adhesion and motility
Authors: Chiang Nien-Yi , Chang Gin-Wen , Huang Yi-Shu , Peng Yen-Ming , Hsiao Cheng-Chih , Kuo Ming-Ling , Lin Hsi-Hsien
Published: April 2016

GPR56 is an adhesion-class G-protein-coupled receptor responsible for bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria (BFPP), a severe disorder of cortical formation. Additionally, GPR56 is involved in biological processes as diverse as hematopoietic stem cell generation and maintenance, myoblast fusion, muscle hypertrophy, immunoregulation and tumorigenesis. Collagen III and tissue transglutaminase 2 (TG2) have been revealed as the matricellular ligands of GPR56 involved in BFPP and melanoma development, respectively. In this study, we identify heparin as a glycosaminoglycan interacting partner of GPR56. Analyses of truncated and mutant GPR56 proteins reveal two basic-residue-rich clusters, R26GHREDFRFC35 and L190KHPQKASRRP200, as the major heparin-interacting motifs that overlap partially with the collagen III- and TG2-binding sites. Interestingly, the GPR56–heparin interaction is modulated by collagen III but not TG2, even though both ligands are also heparin-binding proteins. Finally, we show that the interaction with heparin reduces GPR56 receptor shedding, and enhances cell adhesion and motility. These results provide novel insights into the interaction of GPR56 with its multiple endogenous ligands and have functional implications in diseases such as BFPP and cancer.
Type II PI4-kinases control Weibel-Palade body biogenesis and von Willebrand factor structure in human endothelial cells
Authors: Lopes da Silva Mafalda , O'Connor Marie N. , Kriston-Vizi Janos , White Ian J. , Al-Shawi Raya , Simons J. Paul , Mössinger Julia , Haucke Volker , Cutler Daniel F.
Published: April 2016

Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) are endothelial storage organelles that mediate the release of molecules involved in thrombosis, inflammation and angiogenesis, including the pro-thrombotic glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (VWF). Although many protein components required for WPB formation and function have been identified, the role of lipids is almost unknown. We examined two key phosphatidylinositol kinases that control phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate levels at the trans-Golgi network, the site of WPB biogenesis. RNA interference of the type II phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases PI4KIIα and PI4KIIβ in primary human endothelial cells leads to formation of an increased proportion of short WPB with perturbed packing of VWF, as exemplified by increased exposure of antibody-binding sites. When stimulated with histamine, these cells release normal levels of VWF yet, under flow, form very few platelet-catching VWF strings. In PI4KIIα-deficient mice, immuno-microscopy revealed that VWF packaging is also perturbed and these mice exhibit increased blood loss after tail cut compared to controls. This is the first demonstration that lipid kinases can control the biosynthesis of VWF and the formation of WPBs that are capable of full haemostatic function.
Computational Study of Cyclobutane-1,3-diylidene Dicarbenes: Ground-State Spin Multiplicity and New Strategy toward the Synthesis of Bicyclo[1.1.0]but-1(3)-enes
Authors: Fujita Yoshiki , Abe Manabu , Shiota Yoshihito , Suzuki Tatsuya , Yoshizawa Kazunari
Published: April 2016

Coupled-cluster calculations were performed for cyclobutane-1,3-diylidene dicarbenes 2 at the CCSD(T)//CCSD/cc-pVDZ level of theory, in which the ground-state spin multiplicity and the structures of unique molecules were investigated in detail. The closed-shell singlet state 2(Sσπ) with a bicyclo[1.1.0]but-1(3)-ene (BBE) structure found to be the ground-state was much lower in energy than the corresponding singlet dicarbene structure 2(S**), the quintet state 2(Q), and the triplet state 2(T), suggesting that the hitherto experimentally unknown BBE structure can be synthesized by the intramolecular dimerization of two carbene units. The energy gap between the BBE structures 2(Sσπ) and corresponding quintet states 2(Q) with electron-withdrawing substituents (X = F) at the C2 and C4 positions was found to be larger than that with electron-donating substituents (X = SiH3), i.e., ca. 100 kcal mol−1 for 2b (X = F) > ca. 85 kcal mol−1 for 2a (X = H) > ca. 70 kcal mol−1 for 2c (X = SiH3). Two unique structures, 2(Tσ) with a C1–σ–C3 bond and 2(Tπ) with a C1–π–C3 bond, were found to be the equilibrium structures for the triplet state of cyclobutane-1,3-diylidene dicarbenes 2.
Αρχείον
Authors: ΜΑΡΑΤΟΣ Τ. , ΔΑΜΒΕΡΓΗΣ Ιωάννης Μ.
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Έκθεσις των κατά το έτος 1885 εργασιών
Authors: ΧΡΙΣΤΙΑΝΙΚΗ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑ (ΧΑΕ)
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Το ισχύον νυν καταστατικόν της Χριστιανικής Αρχαιολογικής Εταιρείας
Authors: ΧΡΙΣΤΙΑΝΙΚΗ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑ (ΧΑΕ)
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Ιστορία της ιδρύσεως, καταστάσεως και των σπουδαιοτέρων αντικειμένων του Χριστιανικού Μουσείου από του 1884-1890
Authors: ΛΑΜΠΑΚΗΣ Γεώργιος
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Κατάστασις Ταμείου (19 Φεβρουαρίου 1890 - 31 Δεκεμβρίου 1890)
Authors: ΧΡΙΣΤΙΑΝΙΚΗ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑ (ΧΑΕ)
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Εγκύκλιοι
Authors: ΧΡΙΣΤΙΑΝΙΚΗ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑ (ΧΑΕ)
Published: April 2016

no abstarct
Γενική Συνέλευσις 19ης Ιανουαρίου 1892. Έκθεσις των εργασιών του Διοικητικού Συμβουλίου από 1 Ιανουαρίου 1891 - 31 Δεκεμβρίου 1891
Authors: ΧΡΙΣΤΙΑΝΙΚΗ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑ (ΧΑΕ)
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Κατάστασις του Ταμείου (1 Ιανουαρίου 1891 - 31 Δεκεμβρίου 1891)
Authors: ΧΡΙΣΤΙΑΝΙΚΗ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑ (ΧΑΕ)
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Χριστιανικός Λυκαβηττός. Ανακοίνωσις γενομένη τη Εταιρεία τη 22 Απριλίου 1891
Authors: ΛΑΜΠΑΚΗΣ Γεώργιος
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Ολίγα τινά περί της χρονολογικής σημειώσεως επί της των Βενετών Αλώσεως των Αθηνών. Απάντησις Γ. Λαμπάκη
Authors: ΒΟΥΛΙΣΜΑΣ, ΑΡΧΙΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΣ ΚΕΡΚΥΡΑΣ Ευστάθιος
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Ανακοίνωσις περί του ογδόου μονογράμματος του εν Πάρω ναού της Εκατονταπυλιανής
Authors: ΠΑΠΑΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ Δ.
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Έκθεσις των εργασιών του Διοικητικού Συμβουλίου από 1 Ιανουαρίου 1893 - 31 Δεκεμβρίου 1893
Authors: ΧΡΙΣΤΙΑΝΙΚΗ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑ (ΧΑΕ)
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Έγγραφον προς την Γενικήν Εφορείαν των Αρχαιοτήτων και Μουσείων
Authors: ΠΑΠΠΟΥΔΩΦ Α. , ΚΑΠΡΑΛΟΣ Κ. Δ.
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Δωρεαί εις το Χριστιανικόν Μουσείον (1892-1893)
Authors: ΧΡΙΣΤΙΑΝΙΚΗ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑ (ΧΑΕ)
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Πίναξ μελών
Authors: ΧΡΙΣΤΙΑΝΙΚΗ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑ (ΧΑΕ)
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Στήλη των αποβιωσάντων μελών
Authors: ΧΡΙΣΤΙΑΝΙΚΗ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑ (ΧΑΕ)
Published: April 2016

no abstract
Shark fisheries in the Southeast Pacific: A 61-year analysis from Peru
Authors: Gonzalez-Pestana Adriana , Kouri J. Carlos , Velez-Zuazo Ximena
Published: April 2016

Peruvian waters exhibit high conservation value for sharks. This contrasts with a lag in initiatives for their management and a lack of studies about their biology, ecology and fishery. We investigated the dynamics of Peruvian shark fishery and its legal framework identifying information gaps for recommending actions to improve management. Further, we investigated the importance of the Peruvian shark fishery from a regional perspective. From 1950 to 2010, 372,015 tons of sharks were landed in Peru. From 1950 to 1969, we detected a significant increase in landings; but from 2000 to 2011 there was a significant decrease in landings, estimated at 3.5% per year. Six species represented 94% of landings: blue shark (Prionace glauca), shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena), common thresher (Alopias vulpinus), smooth-hound (Mustelus whitneyi) and angel shark (Squatina californica). Of these, the angel shark exhibits a strong and significant decrease in landings: 18.9% per year from 2000 to 2010. Peru reports the highest accumulated historical landings in the Pacific Ocean; but its contribution to annual landings has decreased since 1968. Still, Peru is among the top 12 countries exporting shark fins to the Hong Kong market. Although the government collects total weight by species, the number of specimens landed as well as population parameters (e.g. sex, size and weight) are not reported. Further, for some genera, species-level identification is deficient and so overestimates the biomass landed by species and underestimates the species diversity. Recently, regional efforts to regulate shark fishery have been implemented to support the conservation of sharks but in Peru work remains to be done.
Full-thickness wounds resulting from ‘do-it-yourself’ cryolipolysis: a case study
Authors: Leonard C.D. , Kahn S.A. , Summitt J.B.
Published: April 2016

This report reviews the case of a 55-year-old woman who suffered frostbite while attempting a ‘do-it-yourself’ version of cryolipolysis without the guidance of a medical professional. Cryolipolysis is a well-understood process through which the careful application of below-freezing temperatures is used to induce adipose cell death while sparing the skin, reducing body fat. This patient used dry ice in lieu of professional medical equipment, resulting in 4% total body surface area full- and partial-thickness wounds to her abdomen. Ultimately, the more superficial wounds healed with xenograft and a silver-impregnated dressing. The superior, deeper wound was excised and primarily closed with a fleur-de-lis panniculectomy. Her hospital course and recovery were uneventful. This case illustrates how online information of dubious quality can put the uneducated patient at risk of injury. Health-care professionals should be aware of the questionable resources available online, and should help patients become more discerning consumers of online information. Strategies to prevent such injury should be developed on a national scale.
Sample procurement for cultures of infected wounds: a systematic review
Authors: Copeland-Halperin L.R. , Kaminsky A.J. , Bluefeld N. , Miraliakbari R.
Published: April 2016

Objective:

Identifying the responsible pathogen is required in order to select optimum antimicrobial therapy for infected wounds, but the best techniques to use remain the subject of debate. Our aim was to assess the evidence on the value of wound swabs compared with biopsies.

Method:

We conducted a systematic literature review with the terms ‘wound infection’, ‘wound swab’, ‘wound swab technique’, ‘wound biopsy’, ‘wound culture’, ‘wound swab comparison’, ‘Levine swab technique’, ‘microbiological technique’, ‘specimen handling’, ‘bacterial load’, ‘perioperative care’, ‘swab’, and ‘culture’. We examined yields in identifying relevant pathogens, summarised salient features of qualifying studies, and defined knowledge gaps and endpoints that future studies should address.

Results:

Studies have been inconsistent, lacking specificity regarding wound types, clinical features, and sampling methods. We found moderate quality evidence that punch biopsies provide qualitative and quantitative information about the bacterial load and tissue reaction with nearly 100% sensitivity, 90% specificity and 95% accuracy for predicting wound closure. Biopsies are relatively invasive, costly, require skilled operators, and potentially exacerbate infection. Needle aspiration samples a limited portion and may enter uninfected tissue and extend infection. Wound swabs are minimally invasive, easier to perform and widely employed in clinical practice, but techniques vary. In comparative studies, the Levine technique was superior to the Z-swab techniques, and biopsies were more sensitive for antibiotic-resistant wounds than Levine or Levine-like swabs, suggesting that swabs may be useful for initial wound monitoring, but biopsies are preferred when antibiotic resistance is suspected.

Conclusion:

The Levine swab is superior to the Z-swab technique and may be useful for initial wound monitoring, but quantitative biopsies are preferred for evaluation of antibiotic-resistant wounds and to monitor the response to treatment. There is limited evidence on the role of wound swabs for detecting wound colonisation versus infection and the impact of culture-guided therapy on such clinical outcomes as eradication of infection and accelerated healing. Future studies should specify patient populations, wound types, sampling protocols, and outcomes based on culture yield and treatment results, using rigorous statistical methodology.
Short Communication: Inventory of native orchids in Makki Sub-District, Lanny Jaya, Papua, Indonesia
Authors: AGUSTINI VERENA , ZEBUA LISYE I. , WENDA NONANCE
Published: April 2016

Agustini V, Zebua L, Wenda N. 2016. Inventory of native orchids in Makki Sub-District, Lanny Jaya, Papua, Indonesia.Â Biodiversitas 17: 301-305. Orchids have been over exploitation since years ago. Some of orchids species are becoming threatened,Â endangered or even vanished that which may have not been found or discovered. Lanny Jaya, Papua, Indonesia is a new district locatedÂ at latitude 03oÂ 57â€™ 08â€ S and longitude 138oÂ 25â€™ 05.02â€ E, covers an area of 2.248 kmÂ 2. The establishment of this new district gives impactÂ to the plant habitat including orchids. The study was done in Makki Sub-District, Lanny Jaya, Papua, Indonesia. The present study is anÂ inventory orchid species in Lanny Jaya by explorative method. There were 22 species (17 genera) consist of epiphytic, terrestrial and lithophytic orchids. Among them Dendrobium subclausum is the most abundance species in this area. With the combination of bright orange and yellow colors in sepal it can be seen throughout the year.
Transforming the world and themselves: the learning experiences of volunteers being trained within health and social care charities in England
Authors: Darley Sarah
Published: April 2016

This paper presents early findings from research that aims to explore the learning experiences of volunteers being trained within health and social care charities in England. An approach to training based on cultural historical activity theory (CHAT) is proposed, which conceptualises learning as a form of transformation, for both volunteers and their wider environments.
short subject: Carl Theodor Dreyer and the revelation of high definition
Authors: Nordfjörd Björn
Published: April 2016

In 2015 the British Film Institute released the most celebrated Danish films of Carl Theodor Dreyer’s career on Blu-ray discs. This short subject assesses the quality of both the technical presentation of the films and the heterogeneous supplemental material included in the collection. It also draws readers’ attention to other Dreyer films available for home viewing.
feature article: Lurking in the blind space: Vampyr and the multilinguals
Authors: Bigelow Benjamin
Published: April 2016

Carl Th. Dreyer’s Vampyr (1932) has been praised as an avant-garde masterpiece that creates a sense of horror by strategically denying the spectator visual access to key turning points in the plot, including most notably the gruesome vampire attacks. Previous scholarship has treated the visual impediments in the film as deriving primarily from a conscious aesthetic strategy on Dreyer’s part to enhance the sense of mystery and terror by undermining the spectatorial gaze. This article links the visual obfuscation in the film instead to Vampyr’s status as a post-synchronized, multilingual sound film, which motivated Dreyer to deny the spectator a view of the actors’ moving lips. I argue that Dreyer turned a production limitation into an artistic virtue by discursively framing the denial of vision as an overall aesthetic strategy, thus effectively ‘masking’ what could otherwise have been viewed as an embarrassing concession to financial constraints.
Vector portraits, or, photography for the Anthropocene
Authors: Coley Rob
Published: April 2016

The Anthropocene, a concept to describe the planetary consequences of human culture, demands that we imagine the earth itself as an image-recording medium. It is a concept that confronts the entangled histories of industrialization and abstraction, revealing the thoroughly mediated
circumstances from which perceptions of ‘nature’ emerge. This article considers an accelerated form of abstraction induced by technological capitalism, a form with thoroughly material consequences described by McKenzie Wark as ‘vectoral’. If the age of the human is
recorded on the earth, the vector is the tool of its stratigraphic inscription. Taking Tom McCarthy’s novel Satin Island (2015) as an example, this article speculates on a photographic practice immanent to the vector. In Satin Island (2015), photographic images do not reinforce a human
world but instead provoke a growing awareness of otherworldliness. These images confront the more radical and paradoxical consequences of the Anthropocene, an era that in fact names the end of the very category of human.