bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Residual anterior cord compression after laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: evaluation of risk factors according to the most severely stenotic vertebral segment
Authors: Shimizu Takayoshi , Fujibayashi Shunsuke , Otsuki Bungo , Murata Koichi , Masuda Soichiro , Matsuda Shuichi
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

Residual anterior spinal cord compression (RASCC) after cervical laminoplasty, which has been confirmed on postoperative MRI, is reportedly associated with poor clinical outcomes. To date, only a few studies have described the risk factors associated with RASCC. The aim of this study was to identify the factors that can predict the occurrence of RASCC after laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), focusing on the location of the most stenotic segment.

METHODS

In this retrospective, single-center study, 120 patients who underwent C3–7 laminoplasty for multilevel CSM were included. Different techniques were used for C3 decompression, i.e., partial (dome-laminotomy) or complete (laminoplasty/laminectomy) decompression. RASCC was diagnosed using MRI conducted 3 weeks postoperatively. The patients were divided into two groups according to the segment with the most severe stenosis (Seg-MSS; C3–4 vs C4–7). Demographics, radiological data, and C3 decompression technique were compared between the two groups. Furthermore, intergroup comparisons were performed based on Seg-MSS. A logistic regression model was constructed to identify the factors predicting RASCC after patient stratification according to Seg-MSS.

RESULTS

Forty patients (33.3%) had RASCC. The patients with Seg-MSS at C3–4 (51.3%) had a significantly higher incidence of RASCC (p = 0.003) than those with Seg-MSS at C4–7 (24.7%). Logistic regression analysis showed that in patients with Seg-MSS at C3–4, C3 partial decompression demonstrated a greater association with RASCC as opposed to complete decompression. Conversely, in patients with Seg-MSS at C4–7, kyphotic segmental lordotic angle was associated with an increased risk of RASCC.

CONCLUSIONS

The risk factors for RASCC differed depending on the location of the most stenotic segment (C3–4 vs C4–7). If there is segmental kyphosis at the most stenotic segment at C4–7, anterior decompression and fusion should be considered. If C3–4 is the most stenotic segment, anterior surgery is also recommended, but alternatively, one can choose laminoplasty with complete C3 laminectomy and resection of the C2–3 ligamentum flavum.
Respiratory Morbidities and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Preterm Infants of Mother Exposed to Antenatal Corticosteroids
Authors: Jahan Mosammad Alpana , Sultana Rabeya , Roy Tarun Kumar , Kumer Dey Sanjoy , Mannan M. A. , Hassan Shabuj Mohammad Kamrul , Jahan Ismat , Choudhury Moni Sadeka , Shahidullah Mohammod
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Each year, about 15 million babies are born preterm, and 1 million babies die due to complications of preterm birth. Antenatal corticosteroid is one of the most effective evidence-based interventions that can reduce mortality and morbidity in preterm newborns. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of antenatal corticosteroids on respiratory morbidities and neurodevelopmental outcomes among preterm neonates. Methodology: This prospective cohort study included admitted premature infant’s ≤ 34 weeks. Infant’s baseline demographics and maternal history of complete ACS exposure or no exposure were evaluated. Development of respiratory morbidities with support was compared between two groups during the neonatal period. After discharge from the NICU, neonates were followed up to assess neurodevelopment at 3rd and 6th months of age using Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-III). Analysis was done to see the relationship with ACS exposure. Results: A total of 82 neonates were enrolled. Among them, 44 neonates in the ACS exposed group and 38 in the ACS unexposed group were assessed for the development of respiratory morbidity. Only 9(20.5%) in the ACS exposed group and 28 (73.7%) in the ACS unexposed group developed respiratory morbidities. Respiratory support with duration was also needed more in the ACS unexposed group.Neurodevelopmental assessment at 3 months was significantly lower in all three domains between the ACS exposed and unexposed groups: cognition (81.67±7.58 vs. 73.50±10.16: p-<0.001). motor (84.50±9.83 vs. 76.83±12.03, p-0.013) and language (84.67±6.33 vs.77.88±9.98, p-0.004) respectively. At 6 months, motor and language scores improved, though cognition was low in both groups. In univariate analysis, ACS exposure was found to be a significant factor in relation to normal neurodevelopment. Conclusion: Antenatal corticosteroid therapy effectively reduces respiratory morbidities in preterm neonates born ≤ 34 weeks of gestation. ACS exposure was also associated with improved neurodevelopmental outcome.
In-Vitro Antioxidant Activites of Novel Synthesized Copper (II) Complexes
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Shahab Khan Muhammad , Bilal Muhammad , Ahmad Ashfaq , Ahmad Mukhtar
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The term radical is originally implied, to a portion of a molecule which cannot exist independently in nature. The Development of these radicals is driven by thermal hemolysis, high energy radiation and photolysis. Free radical attacks cause cell damage and homeostatic disruption. Targets of free radicals are all kinds of molecules in the body, such as lipids, nucleic acids and proteins are the major targets. Antioxidants are substances capable of slowing or stopping oxidation pathways that occur under the effect of reactive oxygen moieties or free atmospheric oxygen. Objectives: The main objective of the present study was to judge the advantages of the newly synthesized Copper (II) complexes in contrast to oxidative stress caused by free radicals utilizing different assays. Methods: The antioxidant ability of Cu (II) complexes were measured employing different assays including, DPPH free radical scavenging ability, ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAF) and total antioxidant ability assay. Results: In the DPPH scavenging potential assay, ferric reducing antioxidant potential and total antioxidant ability assay, RI-1 complex was studied to be more spectacular among the copper(II) complexes. Inhibiting ability of the complexes was RI-1 > NM-3 > AM-2 > SR-3. The Antioxidant scavenging potential was conformed as dose dependent which increases with the increase of complex concentration. Conclusion: The Copper (II) complexes were found to have high antioxidant abilities.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Live Online Lectures vs Recorded Video Lectures as Means of Learning in Medical Education During Covid 19 Lockdowns
Authors: Kaur Aulakh Kirandeep , Saffar Aneja Prachi , Saha Susmita , Bansal Savita
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Traditional classroom teaching has been the mainstay of learning in the medical field especially in India. In the present situation of widespread lockdowns due to Covid 19 other means of learning have to be explored in place of traditional classroom teaching. These include live online lectures and recorded video lectures. There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of these methods whether they meet our requirements of imparting good quality medical education. Aims: To find the effectiveness of live online lectures and recorded video lectures as means of learning, to study their advantages and disadvantages and compare them. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted through a digital Google survey on 369 undergraduate students of MBBS, BDS and BPT students of SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India. Out of these 274 were female students and 95 were male students. A 5-point Likert scale was used (1- strongly disagree; 2- disagree; 3- undecided; 4- agree; 5- completely agree). Statistical Analysis: Categorical variables are presented in number and percentage (%). The qualitative variable is compared using the Chi-Square test. A p-value of <0.05 is considered statistically significant. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. The advantages and disadvantages of both the methods of online learning i.e. live online lectures and recorded videos were studied to find the most effective method of imparting distance education. Results: The majority of students leaned towards recorded videos (53%) as a better method of E-learning as compared to live online lectures (36%). Conclusion: The main advantage of recorded videos is that the student can view them as many times as required and hence it leads to a better understanding of the topic. The majority of students agreed that traditional classroom teaching should be supplemented by recorded video lectures also.
Pancerne preludium. Udział francuskiej broni pancernej w offensive pour la Pologne (9–14 września 1939 r.)
Authors: Mazur Wojciech
Published: July 2022

The military action undertaken by French armoured forces against the Third Reich in early September 1939 has not been the subject of major research so far. The author investigated the resources of the Service historique de l’Armée de terre in order to portray the actions taken by the French armoured units at the time. He showed that these units did not play a significant role in the fighting. Although the weaknesses of the equipment and errors in its use were identified relatively accurately by the French commanders, the conclusions were not imple- mented.
Życie i działalność Floriana Siwickiego w latach 1925–1968
Authors: Sztama Paweł
Published: July 2022

The article focuses on the life of Florian Siwicki, a soldier and officer of the so-called Polish People’s Army. Beginning with Siwicki’s childhood, the paper then traces his early military career and subsequent promotions, until he took command of the 2nd Polish Army.
Organizational configurations in a crisis context: what archetypes in times of COVID-19 crisis?
Authors: Mokline Bechir
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: We only believe the components of our study, namely: the subject (the organizational configuration), the circumstance (COVID-19), and the context (Tunisia) together constitute the originality of our research. Indeed, to our knowledge, no study has been carried out so far on the typical configurations for managing the COVID-19 crisis in a Tunisian context. We think, therefore, that we are the first to do so. OBJECTIVE: In a context of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis which is currently affecting our planet and which has had a huge impact on all levels (health, economic and social), our research seeks make a further contribution to the study of organizational configurations or archetypes in the field of crisis management. More specifically, our research principally aims, on the one hand, to describe the forms taken by organizations when they are facing a crisis of great magnitude such as - the COVID-19 crisis - and on the other hand, to identify a taxonomy making it possible to highlight the recurring axes of action on which the actors rely to manage a crisis. METHODS: Our methodological framework is based on the phenomenological paradigm in the human sciences which integrates the meaning given by man to the world around him [1] and which takes into account the subjectivity of the actors. Our positioning in favor of the phenomenological paradigm leads to the adoption of a qualitative research method. At this level, we carried out twenty-four semi-structured interviews in twenty Tunisian companies that were able to resist during the pandemic COVID-19 crisis and have managed to last at least until the present day. RESULTS: We identified three archetypes on the basis of five organizational factors that we inspired from the onion model of [2] and qualified it as configuration “determinants”, namely: strategy, structure, culture, leadership, and people. These archetypes are: the humanist communitarian, the perfectionist mobilizer, and the incrementalist pragmatic. CONCLUSIONS: We therefore believe that our research has enriched the configurational perspective by defining archetypes capable of managing a major crisis such as the COVID-19 crisis. The archetypes thus identified in our study may constitute typical models to be followed by companies wishing to resist the health crisis that is not yet over and whose repercussions can last for a long time.
Towards ontological interoperability of cognitive IoT agents based on natural language processing¶
Authors: Longo Carmelo Fabio , Santoro Corrado , Nicolosi-Asmundo Marianna , Cantone Domenico , Santamaria Daniele Francesco
Published: July 2022

The interoperability of devices from distinct brands on the Internet of Things (IoT) domain is still an open issue. The main reason is that pioneer companies always deliberately neglected to deploy devices able to interoperate with competitors products. The key factors that may invert such a trend derive, on one hand, from the abstraction of communication protocols that facilitates the migration from vertical to horizontal paradigms and, on the other hand, from the introduction of common and shared ontologies encoding devices specifications. The Semantic Web, with all its layers, can be considered the main framework for delivering ontologies, and by virtue of its features, it is surely the ideal means for providing shared knowledge. In this paper we present a framework that instantiates cognitive agents operating in IoT context, endowed with meta-reasoning in the Semantic Web. The framework, called SW-Caspar, is also provided with a module that performs semi-automatic ontology learning from sentences expressed in natural language; such a learning process generates a conceptual space reflecting the domain of discourse with an instance of a novel foundational ontology called Linguistic Oriented Davidsonian Ontology (LODO), whose main feature is to increase the deepness of reasoning without compromising linguistic-related features. LODO is inspired by the First-Order Logic Davidsonian notation and is serialized in OWL 2. Well-known examples derived from the theory of logical reasoning and a case-study applied to automation on health scenarios are also provided.
Smart balancing of E-scooter sharing systems via deep reinforcement learning: a preliminary study
Authors: Losapio Gianvito , Minutoli Federico , Mascardi Viviana , Ferrando Angelo
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, micro-mobility sharing systems have become extremely popular. Such systems consist in fleets of dockless electric vehicles which are deployed in cities, and used by citizens to move in a more ecological and flexible way. Unfortunately, one of the issues related to such technologies is its intrinsic load imbalance, since users can pick up and drop off the electric vehicles where they prefer. In this paper we present ESB-DQN, a multi-agent system for E-Scooter Balancing (ESB) based on Deep Reinforcement Learning where agents are implemented as Deep Q-Networks (DQN). ESB-DQN offers suggestions to pick or return e-scooters in order to make the fleet usage and sharing as balanced as possible, still ensuring that the original plans of the user undergo only minor changes. The main contributions of this paper include a careful analysis of the state of the art, an innovative customer-oriented rebalancing strategy, the integration of state-of-the-art libraries for deep Reinforcement Learning into the existing ODySSEUS simulator of mobility sharing systems, and preliminary but promising experiments that suggest that our approach is worth further exploration.
The source for ultra-cold neutrons at the FRM II
Authors: Frei Andreas
Published: July 2022

At the Forschungs-Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM II) of the Technical University of Munich (TUM) a new source for ultra-cold neutrons (UCN) with a solid deuterium converter is currently under construction. This summary paper shall give an overview of the project and its current status. Research results concerning converter preparation, para-to-ortho conversion, radiation effects and neutron transport, which have been achieved in the last years, are presented and their relevance and transferability for the design of a future UCN source at the European Spallation Source (ESS) are discussed.
New Perspectives on Immune Involvement in Parkinson’s Disease Pathogenesis
Authors: Gate David
Published: July 2022

Accumulating evidence implicates immune dysfunction in the etiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD). For instance, impaired cellular and humoral immune responses are emerging as established pathological hallmarks in PD. Further, in experimental models of PD, inflammatory cell activation and immune dysregulation are evident. Genetic and epidemiologic studies have drawn associations between autoimmune disease and PD. Distillation of these various lines of evidence indicates dysregulated immunogenetics as a primary risk factor for PD. This article will present novel perspectives on the association between genetic risk factors and immune processes in PD. The objective of this work is to synthesize the data surrounding the role of immunogenetics in PD to maximize the potential of targeting the immune system as a therapeutic modality.
Drug-coated balloon angioplasty in peripheral arterial disease
Authors:   F.I. Inozemtsev City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Papoyan S.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Research Institute of Public Health Organization and Medical Management, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shchegolev A.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gromov D.G. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   F.I. Inozemtsev City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Asaturyan K.S ,   F.I. Inozemtsev City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2022

The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease requires the search for an optimal solution for preserving blood flow by using devices of various modifications. Drug-coated balloons are widely used in the surgical treatment of peripheral arterial disease. The article aims at the summarization of the study results on the efficacy and safety of the various drug-coated balloons, in particular, with paclitaxel, in the treatment of steno-occlusive lesions in the peripheral arterial disease. Comparing the study results is fraught with certain difficulties, given the differences in the study endpoints, the demographic characteristics of patients and the lesion patterns. Nevertheless, the study results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with drug-eluting ballons on the femoropopliteal segment are superior to the results obtained using conventional PTA and other endovascular interventions in the same vascular bed. PTA with drug-eluting balloons has a Class 1 recommendation in accordance with the issued recommendations of the SCAI (Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions). However, conducting PTA with paclitaxel-eluting balloons requires further determination of the possibilities of its use. KEYWORDS: drug-coated balloons, paclitaxel, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, angioplasty, atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease. FOR CITATION: Papoyan S.A., Shchegolev A.A., Gromov D.G., Asaturyan K.S. Drug-coated balloon angioplasty in peripheral arterial disease. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(4):177–181 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-4-177-181.
Smart addition is multiplication: a review concerning combined use of hyaluronic acid and polynucleotides for intra-articular administration in osteoarthritis
Authors:   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Svintsitskaya I.S. , Volkov K.Yu. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: July 2022

The article presents an overview of modern methods to the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). It is focused on intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid and polynucleotides (PNs) of natural origin. Hyaluronic acid is a natural component of connective tissue that has the ability to restore the viscoelastic properties of synovial fluid. Besides, it also has anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and antifibrotic characteristics. PNs are natural macromolecules derived from DNA. They have trophic activity and promote cell growth and collagen production, as has been shown in preclinical and clinical studies concerning cartilage regeneration. When injected into the joint cavity, PNs are subjected to enzymatic cleavage with the release of nucleosides, nucleotides and nitrogenous bases, thereby, providing long-term moisturizing and viscoelastic properties of synovial fluid. The efficacy of a combination of hyaluronic acid preparations with PNs for intra-articular administration for the treatment of knee OA has been studied. It has been established that the combined therapy with PNs and hyaluronic acid leads to the development of a more persistent therapeutic effect for 2 years after the treatment course versus with hyaluronic acid monotherapy. KEYWORDS: osteoarthritis, synovial fluid, viscoelastic properties, synovial fluid substitute, intra-articular injections, hyaluronic acid, polynucleotides FOR CITATION: Svintsitskaya I.S., Volkov K.Yu. Smart addition is multiplication: a review concerning combined use of hyaluronic acid and polynucleotides for intra-articular administration in osteoarthritis. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(4):182–186 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-4-182-186
Informed method of choice concerning conservative therapy of BPH
Authors:   Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Nashivochnikov N.A.
Published: July 2022

The follow-up results, as well as own case study, are presented to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of creeping palm fruit extract (Permixon) in combination with an α-blocker in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) of moderate severity associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The follow-up study involved 58 male patients aged 48 to 70 years (mean age 60.1±3.4 years). Group 1 (n=30) was assigned a combined therapy with Tamsulosin (alpha blocker) (0.4 mg once daily) and Permixon (1 capsule, 160 mg, twice daily) for 6 months. Group 2 (n=28) underwent monotherapy with Tamsulosin (0.4 mg once daily) also for 6 months. The observed patients underwent a comprehensive urological examination, which included an assessment of symptoms in points on IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score); laboratory and instrumental studies. The patients were examined before and 3 and 6 months after therapy initiation. Therapy tolerability was assessed by the frequency and severity of local and/or systemic adverse events. Initially, the maximum urinary flow rate, residual urine volume, IPSS and prostate volume in patients from both groups did not differ statistically significantly. In the intergroup comparison, by 6 months of treatment (versus the treatment initiation), the average urinary flow rates in group 1 increased almost twice, and in group 2 only by 18% (p<0.05). There was a decrease in the residual urine volume in patients of groups 1 and 2, respectively, by 52.6 and 22.6% (p<0.05). The sum of the IPSS decreased by 46.1 and 21.5%, respectively (p<0.05). At the same time, no significant tendency in the volume of the prostate gland in group 2 were revealed in the first 3 months of therapy, However, after 6 months there was an increase in the average prostate volume by 8.8%. In group 1, prostate volume decreased by almost 20% over 6 months of therapy. The tolerability of the studied drug was satisfactory; no adverse events were noted in any patient. Permixone is an effective drug with a high safety profile within the pathogenetic therapy of BPH, affecting a number of factors concerning the development and progression of this disease KEYWORDS: benign prostatic hyperplasia, lower urinary tract symptoms, microcirculation, Serenoa repens, phytotherapy, Laser Doppler flowmetry FOR CITATION: Nashivochnikova N.A. Informed method of choice concerning conservative therapy of BPH. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(4):187–194 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-4-187-194.
Edukasi tentang Penggunaan Masker di DesaTegalrejo, Banyuwangi
Authors: A’yun Qurrota , Safitri Indah , Faradhi Aurelie Arda , Mahbubah Sindy Arindra , Ayuningtyas Nita , Nirwana Putra Ageng , Saputro1 Aldi , Azzzayni Alvan Maulana
Published: July 2022

WHO(WorldHealthOrganization) organisasi Kesehatan dunia menyatakan wabah penyakit virus corona COVID-19 sebagai pandemic global.Seiring berjalannya waktu, penambahan kasus positif COVID-19 di Indonesia semakinbertambah. Hal ini disebabkan kurangnya pengetahuan terhadap pandemic COVID-19 dan minimnya kesadaran masyarakat sehingga penanganan kurangmengena dalam sistem pemerintahan di negara kita. Penggunaan masker merupakan salah satu cara mencegah penularan COVID-19.Masih banyak masyarakat yang belum mengetahui bahwa tidak sembarangan masker dapat digunakan untuk mencegah penularan COVID-19. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang jenis masker yang efektif mencegah penularan COVID-19 menurut WHO(WorldHealthOrganization). Edukasi dilakukan  menggunakan metode kajitindak dengan pendekatan partisipatif. Materi edukasi yang diberikan yaitu tentangjenis masker yang direkomendasikan dan dilarang oleh WHO(WorldHealthOrganization).Hasil kegiatan diperoleh masyarakat sudah mampu menerapkan dengan cara menggunakan masker yang disarankan oleh WHO(WorldHealthOrganization).Akhir kegiatan masyarakat diberikan masker sebagai bentuk kepedulian dan himbauan agar selalu memakai masker ketika beraktifitas di luar rumah.
Machine learning-based damage detection of RC wall using graph features of crack patterns
Authors:   New Mexico Tech, Bazrafshan Pedram , On Thinh , Ebrahimkhanlou Arvin
Published: July 2022

Concrete crack quantification is one of the challenges that has been investigated. In this article, a computer vision method is used to detect and quantify the cracks on a concrete surface. After processing the crack images, cracks are modeled as graphs for feature extraction. To study the proposed method, concrete surface crack images from a reinforced concrete shell under quasi-linear load at each load step are used. Having the graph and mechanical features, a PCA analysis is performed to study the dependency of the features. Using GPC as graph principal components and MPC as mechanical principal components, a linear Pearson correlation analysis is performed on the GPC and MPC data, results of which demonstrates more than 75% consistency. Finding the graph features in inherent relationship with the mechanical features, the paper continues with a machine learning study between the two features. Due to the low in-hand data, two different machine learning algorithms are used for the verification purpose. Results of the linear regression model and leave-one-out model showed a very close accuracy with 1% and 2% error, respectively. All findings attest the novel idea of presenting graph features. Graph features can be interpreted to use as a representative for mechanical features. Moreover, this method provides the opportunity of studying crack from a mathematical and fundamental viewpoint.
Microwave Inspection of Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) Systems
Authors:   Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Case Anna , Al Qaseer Mohammad Tayeb , Zoughi Reza
Published: July 2022

Nondestructive testing (NDT) of thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems is a critical issue in their manufacturing environments. In particular, inspection techniques by which thickness of TBC topcoat can be accurately determined are currently being sought. This work investigates the use of open-ended rectangular waveguide probes at frequencies in the range of 26.5-70 GHz for evaluation of TBC topcoat thickness. In addition, the influence of volumetric porosity level on thickness measurement accuracy is considered. This investigation encompasses electromagnetic modeling and experimental efforts that are shown to result in the ability to estimate topcoat TBC thickness to within ±1 mil.
A Remote Temperature Measurement Using FSS-Based Sensing
Authors:   Missouri University of Science and Technology, Ramesh Swathi Muthyala , Donnell Kristen M.
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) based sensor for temperature sensing. The proposed sensor operates in Ku-band and measures changes in temperature using a rectangular patch-based unit cell that includes a conductor backed temperature-sensitive substrate. Changes in temperature are sensed by monitoring the change in resonant frequency of the FSS when interrogated by an incident electromagnetic signal linearly polarized parallel to the long dimension of the rectangular patch element. Simulation results of temperature measurement over a temperature difference (with respect to ambient, i.e., 23 ˚C) of 0˚C - 200˚C are presented. The simulated results indicate that the average value of sensitivity and error of the sensor, respectively, is 350 MHz and 29 MHz for a 50˚C change in temperature.
Towards In-situ Monitoring of Additively Manufactured Parts Using Nonlinear Resonant Acoustic Spectroscopy
Authors:   The Pennsylvania State University, Manogharan Prabhakaran , Riviere Jacques , Shokouhi Parisa
Published: July 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM) is rapidly reshaping the manufacturing landscape due to its ability to produce light weight components, complex parts with minimal waste and reduced manufacturing time. However, AM parts may contain various process defects such as porosity, lack of fusion and cracks limiting their industrial applications. The quality of the AM parts needs to be ensured for successful application in various critical industries such as aerospace and biomedical. While nondestructive testing (NDT) is an efficient tool for quality control and process monitoring of the AM parts, existing NDT techniques have limitations. This study investigates the feasibility of using nonlinear resonant acoustic spectroscopy (NRAS) for real-time process control of additively manufactured parts. NRAS is a resonance-based nonlinear acoustic technique widely used to measure the nonlinear hysteretic parameter (𝛼𝛼) of a test material. In NRAS, the test material is excited about its resonance frequency and the linear shift in the resonance frequency with the increasing driving voltage amplitude is measured as the hysteretic nonlinearity. We propose a NRAS test setup for process control of AM parts while they are still attached to the build plate. Several cylindrical AM specimens are tested to measure the hysteretic nonlinearity with and without the build plate for comparison. We observe a systematic decrease in the measured nonlinearity when the specimens are tested on the build plate, which we attribute to the low nonlinearity of the build plate. Despite the observed difference, the measured nonlinearity of the specimens with and without the build plate is highly correlated. With further investigations, the proposed test setup can be potentially used for process monitoring of AM parts in situ.
Extracting Non-Propagating Modes in Waveguides via Electro-Mechanical Impedance Techn
Authors:   University of Utah, Zhang Keping , Cui Ranting , Zhu Xuan
Published: July 2022

Elastic waves in elongated bars exhibit complex dispersion, including propagating and non-propagating modes. We investigated the feasibility of extracting non-propagating modes through the electromechanical impedance (EMI) method in a rectangular bar structure through numerical simulation. First, the dispersion curves and mode shapes were computed to identify non-propagating modes. Second, a finite element model consisting of a piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) patch and a rectangular bar was established to understand structural responses in the frequency-wavenumber (f-k) domain and the corresponding conductance spectra from the EMI measurements. Zero-group-velocity (ZGV) and cut-off frequency resonances were identified in both EMI signature and structural responses. The paper demonstrated the potential of the proposed EMI technique to extract non-propagating modes in waveguide structures for quantitative nondestructive evaluation (NDE).
Rail Base Defect Detection via Line Scan Thermography
Authors:   Southern Illinois University, Gandia Guilherme C. , Winn Jackson , Seavers Connor C. , Poudel Anish ,   Transportation Technology Center, Inc, Mathias James ,   Southern Illinois University, Chu Tsuchin
Published: July 2022

High-speed, in-motion detection of defects in active railways has become a primary focus in nondestructive testing (NDT) research and development efforts in the rail industry today. This investigation aims to provide further insight regarding the dynamic application of infrared thermography (IRT), namely line-scanning thermography (LST), for the detection of rail-base defects. A 3D finite element analysis (FEA) model was developed to first determine feasible parameters for the experimental setup, then subsequently employed for comparison with experimental results. To perform the experiments, mild steel samples were heated first by passing beneath an IR line heater (2000 W) then immediately observed with an IR camera to capture the thermal response. Results showed that for a thin steel specimen having stepped thickness (3.175 mm, 6.350 mm), a thermal contrast of 4.1ºC could be detected when inspections were performed at ~48.0 mm/s, revealing an agreement of roughly 95% with experimental results. In the case of thick steel samples containing bottom-drilled holes (BDHs), both experimental and analytical results showed that thermal contrasts of ~1ºC could be detected in regions above BDHs. Finally, performing LST on a rail-base sample containing BDHs yielded a contrast of 4.2ºC when moving at 40 mm/s.
A hybrid physics-based/data-driven damage detection method for Lamb wave structural health monitoring
Authors:   New Mexico Tech, Momeni Hamed , Arvin Ebrahimkhanlou Arvin
Published: July 2022

This research established a physic-based/data-driven anomaly detection for the purpose of damage detection in Lamb waves. These waves have a complicated, multimodal, and frequency dispersive wave propagation that distorts data and makes analysis challenging. Lamb waves are considered high-dimensional data, taking advantage of pre-knowledge of existing and sparse presentation of Lamb waves in frequency-wave number space; the obtained Lamb wave data are converted to this space using sparse wavenumber analysis. Then, taking advantage of high-dimensional methods, converted data are differentiated from pristine and damaged scenarios. The proposed method is applied to an experimental test result on an aluminum plate obtained from pristine conditions and four damage scenarios. The results show that the signal-to-noise ratio for pristine and damaged Lamp waves shows a significant difference which can be used as an indicator of damage.
21st Century NDE Revealing Moments … The Stakes Are High
Authors:   Honeywell Aerospace, Singh Surendra , Lanigan Eric L. ,   NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Beckett Darren ,   Sigma Labs
Published: July 2022

Inadequate inspection capabilities of Non Destructive Evaluation (NDE) have been quite revealing lately when used for the real-time monitoring of the Next-Gen Additive Manufacturing (AM), known as Smart Manufacturing (SM). SM is the convergence of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) (and /or Industry 4.0) with AM. The inspection limitations make the real-time analysis of SM elusive, at times impossible when studying machine-health conditions, process control, local and global materials state; all needed for detecting an off-nominal AM build state. These disadvantages exist today because NDE has failed to keep pace with the technological advances in manufacturing. For NDE to stay relevant, it should keep pace with the technologies, such as digital transformation, Digital Twin (DT), simulation, and generative design to solve business inspection needs. So, there is a need for robust real-time monitoring to ensure quality in 3D printed parts with increased scale and complexity in industrial sustainability.
Corroborating Laser Shock Interface Characterization with Peel Testing
Authors:   Idaho National Laboratory, Smith James , Benefiel Bradely , Evans Shaun , Merriman Colin C. , Johnson Kennth ,   Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Roosendaal Timoth
Published: July 2022

Currently, there is no established testing technique that can characterize the aluminum-cladding interface of fuel plates. The Laser Shock and Peel test methods are two interface characterization techniques that are being developed at Idaho National Laboratory and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to measure the bond strength of the cladding-cladding interface. The commercial fabrication process to bond two aluminum substrates together for a new nuclear plate fuel system being developed for U.S. research reactors is undergoing a scale-up process. The interface strengths within the resulting plates need to be characterized to ensure the production process will produce claddings that will contain the swelling of the nuclear fuel foil and the resulting fission gasses. , respectively, to perform these measurements. In absence of a standard technique, The goal of our work is to corroborate the two characterization techniques with data from a number of samples with variable bond strength.
Fusion of Multi Frequency Nearfield Imaging data for Dielectric Composite Materials Evaluation
Authors:   Michigan State University, Huang Xuhui , Peng Lei , Mukherjee Subrata , Hamilton Ciaron , Shi Xiaodong , Srinivason Vijay , Davis Eric , Deng Yiming
Published: July 2022

Composite material usage is rapidly increasing within various industries due to their unique properties. Though having better damage tolerance and corrosion resistance than metals, the presence of defects in composites may significantly affect the material’s integrity and strength. This paper presents a multi-frequency nearfield microwave imaging system tailored to evaluate multi-layered composite materials. The system employs data fusion techniques utilizing multi-frequency signals while improving image quality. Results show the system’s penitential for accurately detecting multiple common defects within composite materials, making it a great material evaluation tool for practical applications.
Signal Event Extraction by the Apex-shifted Radon Transform
Authors:   University of Alabama, Loshelder Augustine E , He Jiaze , Harb Mohammad ,   American University of Beirut
Published: July 2022

Complex structures, such as composite laminates with irregular shapes or with structural reinforcements, pose unique challenges for ultrasonic inspection. These material and geometric complexities interact with the ultrasonic waves and can bury damage-scattered waves in the time-space domain. An Apex-shifted Radon Transform is proposed in this research to convert these signals to an apex time-curvature-apex offset domain (τ − q − y). Through this process, the energy of damage-scattered events can be compressed to localized regions at their apex location for easy extraction. This method shows potential in complex signal extraction and is promising as a tool for damage detection in complex structures without using baseline subtraction.
Анализ работы опорных подшипников турбомашин на экологически чистых жидкостях
Authors: Dotsenko Vladimir , Koveza Yurii , Usik Viktor
Published: July 2022

The subject of study in this article is the cost-effectiveness of the rotors of powerful turbines and their fire safety. Improvement of these indicators is possible by replacing oil lubrication systems with environmentally adaptive lubricants (EAL), in particular water or aqueous solutions. The main disadvantage of using water and other low-viscosity aqueous solutions for operating plain bearings is the lack of a hydrodynamic effect at low speeds of the rotor during start and stop of the turbine. The current study experimentally studies the possibility of replacing oil lubrication systems with EAL, in particular water or aqueous solutions. The objectives of the study: 1) to ensure that in the operating range of speeds and loads, the bearing operates in a stable hydrodynamic mode; 2) show that the use of a hydrostatic lifting system provides a liquid mode of friction in the range under study of loads and sliding speeds; 3) to determine the level of pressures at which the rotor rises. When solving this problem, the following methods were used. On the experimental stand, a full-scale radial bearing with babbitt filling of the working surface of the liner was tested. During the experiment, the following parameters were varied and measured: rotor speed, bearing load, lubricant consumption, working fluid temperature in front of and out of the bearing, water pressure (condensate) in the hydraulic system, pressure in the lubricating layer and chambers of the bearing. The main parameter by which the efficiency of the bearing was evaluated was the thickness of the lubricating layer of the working fluid. The following results were obtained. In the first stage, when the speed of the rotor is zero, the value of the pressure of the fluid supply, which ensures the emergence of the shaft. In the second stage, the dependence of the relative eccentricity on the shaft speed and the speed at which it is possible to turn off the rotor lifting system. Conclusions. In the investigated range of speed and loads, the bearing operated in a stable hydrodynamic mode. The use of a hydrostatic lifting system provided a liquid mode of friction in the range under study of sliding speeds (including starting and stopping the rotor). The temperature of the working surface of the bearing in a stable hydrodynamic mode depends little on the external load and sliding speed.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ПРАВОВИЙ АСПЕКТ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРАВА НА СОЦІАЛЬНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ У ЗВ'ЯЗКУ З НЕЩАСНИМ ВИПАДКОМ НА ВИРОБНИЦТВІ ТА ПРОФЕСІЙНИМ ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯМ
Authors: Mykhalchuk V. , Syvak О.
Published: July 2022

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Exterior features and morphometric parameters of the bees’ wing of different breeding crosses of the Carpathian breed
Authors: Petko M. S. , Fedorovych V. V.
Published: July 2022

Honey bees are essential insects due to their ecological and economic value, as they are used not only to obtain valuable products (honey, pollen, Perga, etc.) but also to pollinate plants and increase yields. The Carpathian breed occupies a prominent place in the diversity of bees’ further intensification, which depends on the efficiency of selection and breeding work on improvement of existent and creation of new types and lines between which genetic material can be exchanged. New breeding populations must be comprehensively evaluated for economically valuable traits, including the exterior, and the best ones must be identified. Given the stated, the purpose of our research was to study the external features and morphometric parameters of the wings of bees of different breeding crosses of the Carpathian breed. Studies have been conducted on bees of various genealogical formations of the Carpathian breeds in private apiaries in the Navariya village, Lviv region. 6 groups of 10 bee colonies in each were formed to conduct experimental studies: I – the control group – local bees of the Carpathian population (type “Vuchkivskyi”); ІІ – the experimental group – inbred group ♀ micro population “915” x ♂ micro population “915”; III – the experimental group – selection cross ♀ line “Sto” x ♂ micro population “915”; IV – the experimental group – selection cross ♀ Vuchkivskyix ♂ micro population “915”; V – research group – selection cross ♀ line “Troisek 07” x ♂ micro population “915”; VI – research group – breeding cross ♀ micro population G. Macha x ♂ micro population “915”. It is established that bees of different selection crosses of the Carpathian breed significantly differed in exterior features and morphometric parameters of wings, while the difference between the studied features ranged from insignificantly unreliable to significant reliable data. The fifth group was characterized by the most extended proboscis (6.72 mm) and the highest value of the cubital index (2.75 %), and – the sixth group by the most extensive length of the front wing (9.38 mm). The bees of the third group were characterized by the highest value of front wing width (3.33 mm), wax mirror length (1.43 mm), a sum of lengths of third and fourth tergites (4.54 mm), and dumbbell index (1.11 %), and the fourth group – by the most significant number of hooks on the rear wing (21.80 pcs.), the highest value of the tarsal index (53.51 %) and discoidal displacement (4.79 %). The insects of the first and the third group were characterized by the largest width of the wax mirror (2.26 mm). However, it is worth noting that all the studied features of the exterior of bees and morphometric parameters of the wings were within the standard of the Carpathian bees breed.
O discurso meritocrata como elemento sociocultural: análise do filme “À procura da felicidade”
Authors: Abreu Liliane Alcântara de , Soares Pamela Cristina , Nunes Letícia Monteiro , Rehder Giovanna de Souza , Melo Natalia Sayuri , Silva Gabriella Braga Dias da , Mendes Matheus Passos
Published: July 2022

Este artigo teve o propósito de pesquisar, analisar e produzir um sucinto levantamento teórico sob a perspectiva da Psicologia Social a partir do filme “À procura da felicidade” (MUCCINO, 2006) e, diante disso, percebe-se a reflexão sobre quem tem direito de ser feliz nas sociedades contemporâneas. Desta maneira, a questão norteadora baseou-se em: ser feliz e ter condições de vida digna é apenas uma questão de mérito por esforço? Assim, o objetivo geral se fundamentou em detectar como se constrói a narrativa de meritocracia nas relações sociais. A hipótese firmou-se no pressuposto de que o reconhecimento que o sujeito tem de si por meio das esferas sociais de valorização e mérito, são processos alienantes de classes abastadas. Como metodologia, a pesquisa se embasou sobretudo na observação e análise do filme “À procura da felicidade” (MUCCINO, 2006) e no levantamento bibliográfico para a discussão teórica, embasados sob a luz de Gabriel Chalita (1999), Kurt Lewin por Gérald Mailhiot (2013), Marilena Chaui (1980), bem como a concisa fundamentação de Ludimilla Teixeira e Liliane Abreu (2021), dentre outros. Como resultado e conclusões, compreendeu-se que a cultura de condução ideológica tem como função a inversão e a naturalização de comportamentos para criar e garantir relações de superioridade das classes dominantes, gerando assim, a dicotomia entre o entendimento de felicidade real e utópica. Pôde-se compreender que poder, discriminação, concepção de mérito e ideologia fazem parte de um mesmo contexto complexo para controle social. Portanto, enquanto houver a continuidade da cultura romantizada de esforços extremos para se conseguir viver bem, fundamentada na meritocracia, não haverá mudanças reais e as classes dominantes irão garantir que a felicidade seja uma busca eterna, sem nunca alcançar resultados. Logo, são as mudanças de visão e concepção de felicidade, que necessitam receber ampla conscientização.