bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correction of the orbit parameters of a small spacecraft for remote sensing of the earth, taking into account the peculiarities of the functioning of electric rocket engines
Authors: Аверкиев Н.Ф. , Клюшников В.Ю. , Кульвиц А.В. , Житников Т.А.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы коррекции параметров орбиты малого космического аппарата дистанционного зондирования Земли с помощью электрических ракетных двигателей. Предложен подход по формированию энергетически оптимальных режимов работы электрических ракетных двигателей для коррекции плоскости орбиты. Представлены результаты моделирования коррекции наклонения и прямого восхождения восходящего узла на примере отечественного малого космического аппарата «Канопус-В», которые могут быть использованы на практике при обосновании параметров орбит и характеристик двигательной установки малых космических аппаратов

The article discusses the issues of correcting the parameters of the orbit of a small spacecraft for remote sensing of the Earth using electric rocket engines. An approach is proposed for the formation of energetically optimal operating modes of electric rocket engines for correcting the orbital plane. The results of modeling the correction of the inclination and right ascent of the ascending node are presented on the example of the domestic small spacecraft Canopus V, which can be used in practice to substantiate the parameters of the orbits and characteristics of the propulsion system of a small spacecraft
On the possibility of using the method of mathematical similarity in algorithms for solving problems of determining the level of contamination of spacecraft surfaces
Authors: Ященко Б.Ю.
Published: September 2024

Работа посвящена вопросам возможности использования нового подхода к расчёту уровня загрязнения поверхностей космических аппаратов (КА). Алгоритмы вычисления, применяемые в смежной области для решения задач теплообмена излучением, в типичных вариантах (подчиняющихся закону Ламберта) базируются на сходных математических параметрах и базовых уравнениях, что позволяет, несмотря на различие в физических процессах образования и поглощения поверхностью электромагнитного излучения и микрочастиц, распространить использование программных продуктов, применяемых в задачах теплообмена излучением, на решение задач определения загрязнения поверхностей КА в период его активного существования

The work is devoted to the possibility of using a new approach to calculating the level of contamination of spacecraft (SC) surfaces. Calculation algorithms used in the related field to solve problems of heat exchange by radiation, in typical variants (subject to Lambert's law) are based on similar mathematical parameters and basic equations, which allows, despite the difference in the physical processes of formation and absorption of electromagnetic radiation and microparticles by the surface, to extend the use of software products used in the problems of heat exchange by radiation, to solve the problems of determining the contamination of spacecraft surfaces during its active existence
АУЫР COVID-19 КЕЗІНДЕ ПАЦИЕНТТЕРДІҢ ӨЛІМІНІҢ ҚАУІП ФАКТОРЛАРЫ ЖӘНЕ ТЫНЫС АЛУДЫ ҚОЛДАУ
Authors: Мирсалиев М.М. , Исраилова В.К. , Джаркенбекова Д.С. , Ракова Т.Д. , Қожамбердиева Д.А. , Алпысбаев А.А. , Жұмабек Қ.Ә. , Бурбаев Д.А. , Бидахметова Б.Е. , Мурзахметова У.К. , Югай С.В.
Published: September 2024

Мақсат. Алматы қ. №1 ҚКА реанимация және қарқынды терапия бөлімшесінде (РжҚТ) респираторлық қолдау үшін ауруханаға жатқызылған COVID-19 бар науқастардың өлімі мен қауіп факторларын зерттеу. Материал және әдістер. Ретро - және проспективалық зерттеу Алматы қ. №1 ҚКА РжҚТ бөлімшесінде С.Д. Асфендияров атындағы ҚазҰМУ базасында орындалды. 2021 жылдың 26 наурызнан 28 қыркүйегіне дейін өлім қаупінің факторлары Кокстың көп факторлы регрессиялық моделімен талданды, ол зерттеуге sarscov-2 жедел респираторлық дистресс синдромымен (Ards) асқынған пневмонияның белгілі нәтижелері бар барлық пациенттер кірді (айығу немесе кез келген себептен болған өлім). Нәтижелер. Зерттеуге 311 пациент, оның ішінде 177 (56,9%) ер адам және 134 (43,1%) әйел адам қатыстырылды. Медиана жасы – 63 жас. 186 (59,8%) науқас Алматы қ. №1 ҚКА стационарының РжҚТ бөлімшесінде болды. Науқастардың 298-9 (95,8%) SARS-CoV-2 инфекциясы диагнозы ПТР арқылы расталды. 127 (40,8%) науқас қайтыс болды, 183 (59,2%) науқас ауруынан айықты. Өлімнің негізгі себептері ЖРДС (93,4%), жүрек-қан тамырлары асқынулары (3,2%) және өкпе эмболиясы (1,0%) болды. Оттегі терапиясындағы науқастарда өлім-жітім төмен болды (10,4%), бастапқыда инвазивті емес (36,5%) немесе инвазивті (84,5%) желдетуге ауыстыруға тура келген науқастарда жоғарылады. Өлім қауіпі жас шамасына байланысты жоғарылады, 50 жастан асқан ерлер топтарында өлім қаупі әйелдерге қарағанда жоғары болды. Бір факторлы модельдерде өлімнің дамуымен байланысты аурулар артериялық гипертония, АЖЖ, инсульт, жүрекшелік фибрилляция, 2 типті қант диабеті және семіздік болды, дегенмен, жынысы мен жасына байланысты түзетулерге негізделген көп факторлы модель статистикалық мәнде тек ЖИА пен (тәуекел коэффициенті [о] 1,256, 95% сенімділік аралығы [СА] 1,064-1,484,p=0,007), 2 типті қант диабеті (ОР 1,300,95% СА 1,131-1,494,p<0,0001) және семіздікті сақтады(ОР 1,347, 95% ci 1,166-1,556, p<0,0001). Қорытынды. Респираторлық көмек көрсету үшін РжҚТ бөлімшесіне ауыстырылған, COVID-19 бар науқастардың негізгі өлім қауіпінің факторлары ЖРДС ауырлығы, бәрінен бұрын ӨЖЖ ге ауыстыруға мұқтаждық егде жас, ер адамдар, ЖИА, семіздік және 2 типті қант диабеті болды.
ВЛИЯНИЕ АКУШЕРСКОГО ГЕЛЯ НА ТЕЧЕНИЕ РОДОВ У ПЕРВОРОДЯЩИХ
Authors: Кулбаева С.Н. , Жумадилова А.Р. , Абабакирова Д.Т. , Саркулова И.С. , Утепова Р.Я. , Каримбаева Н.А.
Published: September 2024

Актуальность: За последние несколько лет была установлена причинно-следственная связь между родовой травмой и послеродовой дисфункцией тазового дна. Травма промежности при родах может привести к недержанию мочи и кала, болезненному половому акту и постоянной боли в промежности. В связи с этим является актуальным определение влияния акушерского геля на второй период родов и оказания защитного действия на промежность во время родов. Цель исследования – изучить влияние специально разработанного акушерского геля, основным биофизическим активным компонентом которого является карбопол 974 NF, на результаты родов, с акцентом на продолжительность второго периода родов и целостность промежности. Методы: Исследование было проведено на клинической базе кафедры акушерства и гинекологии АО «ЮжноКазахстанская медицинская академия». В исследование вошли 42 рожениц, которые были распределены поровну на две группы: Группа 1 (основная) – 21 роженица, у которой применяли акушерский гель; Группа 2 (контрольная) – 21 роженица, у которой не применяли акушерский гель. Результаты: Вагинальное применение акушерского геля показало значительное сокращение второй период родов и значительное сохранение целостности промежности. Применение акушерского геля, содержащего карбопол 974 NF, показало его высокую эффективность и безопасность у первородящих женщин. Заключение: Результаты проведенного исследования позволяют рекомендовать применение акушерского геля, содержащего карбопол 974 NF, влагалищным способом во время родов.
ТИМУСОПОСРЕДОВАННАЯ РЕГУЛЯЦИЯ ВОСПАЛЕНИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОЙ КОРРЕКЦИИ КОМПЛЕКСОМ
Authors: Кайранбаева Г.К. , Балабекова М.К. , Балапанова А.Х. , Эдгарас С. , Ю В.К.
Published: September 2024

оценена микроскопическая картина тимуса в условиях асептического воспаления. В экспериментальных условиях проведена оценка эффективности нового соединения (Комплекс), синтезированного в Институте химических наук им. А.Б. Бектурова, в качестве патогенетической коррекции выявленных в тимусе нарушений. В результате проведенных морфологических исследований тимуса установлено, что под влиянием Комплекса у экспериментальных крыс в динамике течения асептического воспаления восстановилась граница корковой зоны, что способствовало повышению кортико-медуллярного соотношения за счет увеличения клеточности лимфоцитов в корковом веществе и, соответственно, клеточности тимуса. В результате патогенетической коррекции Комплексом существенно повышалось содержание лимфоцитов в общей лейкоцитарной фракции крови в период разгара воспаления, а на стадии разрешения воспаления вернулось к контрольному уровню, что существенно отличалось от группы животных с асептическим воспалением без коррекции Комплексом.
АНАЛИЗ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛЬНОЙ ЭКСПРЕССИИ ГЕНОВ В ЛИМФООРГАНАХ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ КРЫС
Authors: Токушева А.Н. , Балабекова М.К. , Сулев Х.
Published: September 2024

работа выполнена с целью оценки экспрессионной активности тканеспецифичных генов-регуляторов воспаления, вызванного на фоне металлиндуцированной иммунодепрессии. В настоящей работе проведен транскриптомный анализ тканеспецифичных генов, проведен биоинформатический анализ полученных результатов. Эксперименты выполнены на 54 белых крысах-самцах массой 180-220 г., проведены 4 серии экспериментов. У опытных животных интоксикацию солями металлов вызывали введением ванадатом аммония и бихроматом калия в дозе по 5 мг/кг м.т. перорально в течение двух недель. По окончании двухнедельной затравки ВА и БК у животных вызывали асептическое воспаление. Было установлено, что соединения металлов вызывают нарушения сигнальных и метаболических путей. Так, металлы активируют гены, вовлеченные в клеточный цикл, в сравниваемых группах: АВ против Ме/АВ и АВ против Ме. На основании проведенного биоинформатического анализа сделаны следующие выводы: наиболее значительные изменения дифференциальной экспрессии генов обнаружены в тимусе; металлы систематически повышают гены клеточного цикла в тимусе; метаболические пути, регулирующие иммунитет, подавляются под влиянием металлов и оцениваются как иммуносупрессивный эффект; В-клетки также подвержены иммуносупрессивному эффекту металлов.
ХРОНИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ПЕЧЕНИ И БЕРЕМЕННОСТЬ: СЛОЖНАЯ КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ПРОБЛЕМА
Authors: Бедельбаева Г.Г. , Рахметова В.С. , Камалова Б.Б. , Ужегова Е.Б. , Ердаш Б.Е.
Published: September 2024

Актуальность. Распространенность хронических заболеваний печени у женщин фертильного возраста увеличивается, что приводит к более высокой частоте наступления беременности в этой группе. Хронические заболевания оказывают значительное неблагоприятное воздействие на материнскую заболеваемость и смертность. На сегодняшний день не существует конкретных рекомендаций исключительно по лечению хронических заболеваний печени во время беременности. Цель: провести всесторонний обзор литературы клинического ведения беременных с хроническими заболеваниями печени, учитывая риски беременности для матери и ребенка, как можно снизить эти риски и какие дополнительные условия необходимы для ведения хронических заболеваний печени во время беременности. Методы: проведен описательный обзор литературы, сосредоточив внимание на самых последних достижениях. Стратегия поиска. Поиск научных публикаций проводился в базах данных доказательной медицины (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Medline), в электронных научных ресурсах (e-Library, CyberLeninka, медицинские сайты стран ближнего зарубежья), который позволил выявить около 99 литературных источников, 67 из них включены в данный обзор. Глубина поиска составила 26 лет (1997 – 2023 гг.). Это связано с важностью основополагающих фундаментальных работ национальных и международных руководств по гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии, раскрывающих базовые вопросы хронических заболеваний печени и беременности. Критерии включения: результаты современных исследований, выполненных с учетом всех требований доказательной медицины; данные фундаментальных базовых исследований, проведенных на разнообразных группах; англо- и русскоязычные публикации. Критерии исключения: «кейс-репорт»; источники ранее 1997 года, не соответствующие требованиям доказательной медицины; тезисы. Результаты: рассмотрены результаты исследований о росте распространенности цирроза печени у молодых женщин, который привел к увеличению заболеваемости хроническими заболеваниями печени во время беременности. Эти женщины подвергаются более высокому риску декомпенсации заболевания, кровотечения из варикозно расширенных вен и преждевременных родов, что приводит к более высокому проценту детей с низкой массой тела при рождении. В настоящее время оценка риска с использованием шкалы MELD, скрининг варикозно расширенных вен пищевода и таза и аневризмы селезеночной артерии может снизить частоту осложнений. Женщины с хроническими заболеваниями печени имеют лучшие результаты, если их заболевание хорошо контролировать до зачатия и контролировать во время беременности. Выводы: Риски, связанные с беременностью, можно снизить за счет расширенного планирования, оценки риска с использованием модели оценки терминальной стадии заболевания печени и снижения риска посредством скрининга варикозно расширенных вен. Мультидисциплинарный подход имеет первостепенное значение для сведения к минимуму осложнений и увеличения шансов на безопасную беременность и роды для матери и ребенка.
АНАЛИЗ РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТИ СЛУЧАЕВ ГЕМОДИАЛИЗА В КАЗАХСТАНЕ
Authors: Буркутов Е. , Нурбакыт А.Н. , Маханбеткулова Д.Н. , Жакупова М.Н. , Зикирия Е.
Published: September 2024

Данная исследовательская работа проводит анализ распространенности случаев гемодиализа в рядах населения Казахстана с учетом различных регионов и возрастных групп. Исследование базируется на статистических данных с применением методов анализа, чтобы оценить частоту и распределение гемодиализных процедур в разные годы и регионы. Результаты анализа подчеркивают важность этой медицинской процедуры в лечении хронических почечных заболеваний и ее социальную значимость, особенно среди различных возрастных групп. Это исследование может послужить основой для разработки более эффективных стратегий в области здравоохранения и улучшения организации гемодиализных служб в регионах Казахстана.
Reaction Mechanism of 2-Amido-2-Aminoacetic Acid Formation From Iminoacetic Acid and Amide - A Comparative DFT Study
Authors: Dazinger Georg
Published: September 2024

A reaction mechanism for the reaction of iminoacetic acid with formamide, resulting in 2-amido-2-aminoacetic acid is proposed. The role of the Zn(II) - catalyst is elucidated. Two possible reaction pathways were calculated by means of DFT. Furthermore, a competing side reaction, yielding N-(1,1- dihodroxy-2-iminoethyl)amide was simulated. ETS-NOCV, IRI and CDA analysis was employed on various important molecular states. A reasonable mechanism for the main reaction was found, where the rate determining step is energetically more favorable than the rate determining step of the side reaction. Furthermore, this reaction mechanism explains the importance of the transition metal.
Experimental Analysis of Heat Transfer Coefficients in CO2 and CO2 + Isobutane Mixtures for Organic Rankine Cycle Engines
Authors: Rojas-Torres Carmen Eugenia , Hegel Pablo
Published: September 2024

This study provides a comprehensive investigation into the heat transfer performance of supercritical CO₂ and a CO₂ + isobutane mixture under subcritical conditions. A laboratory scale ORC cycle with a double-pipe heat exchanger was developed and set up to explore the effects of various operating parameters on heat transfer performance over a wide temperature range (288 K – 353 K) at constant pressure (100 bar). Heat flux of the subcritical fluids was measured in the inner pipe in counter-current with water in the outer pipe. It was found that the CO₂ + isobutane mixture can be satisfactorily described by correlations available in the literature for Reynolds numbers below 1000. However, at higher Reynolds numbers, deviations were observed, indicating that further optimization may be required. Results obtained in this work are relevant for the design of heat exchangers and Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) applied to waste heat recovery and energy efficiency improvement in industrial processes
Microenvironment tailoring for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction: Effects of interfacial structure on controlling activity and selectivity
Authors: Cheng Yaqi , Salaman Muhammad Iskandar B. , Li Qixun , Wei Chaolong , Wang Qilun , Ma Xuehu , Liu Bin , Wong Andrew
Published: September 2024

The performance of the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is highly dependent on the microenvironment around the cathode. Despite efforts to optimize the microenvironment by modifying nanostructured catalysts or microporous gas diffusion electrodes, their inherent disorder presents a significant challenge to understanding how interfacial structure arrangement within the electrode governs the microenvironment for CO2RR. This knowledge gap limits fundamental understanding of CO2RR while also hindering efforts to enhance CO2RR selectivity and activity. In this work, we investigate this knowledge gap using a tunable system featuring hierarchical Cu nanowire arrays that possess adjustable microgroove dimensions. Adjusting the NAM structure tunes multiple synergistic effects in the microenvironment, which include stabilization of the microwetting state, confinement of CO*, improvement to local CO2 concentration, and modulation of the local pH. Notably, using mass transport modeling, we quantify the role of the gas-liquid-solid interface in boosting local CO2 concentrations within several microns of the interface itself. Leveraging these effects, we elucidate how CO* and H* competitively occupy active sites, influencing reaction pathways toward multicarbon products based on tuning the microenvironment. Consequently, we provide new insights into why the optimized configuration significantly increased CO2RR activity by 690% (as normalized by electrochemical active surface area), C2+ product selectivity by 72%, and Faradaic efficiency by 36%, compared to CO2RR with hydrophobic Cu foil. Based on these insights, our findings unlock new opportunities to engineer the CO2RR microenvironment through the rational organization of hierarchical interface materials in gas diffusion electrodes towards improved CO2RR selectivity and activity.
Energy transfer mediated alkoxy radical generation: the construction of 1,6-linkage using bifunctional oxime esters
Authors: Sun Zetian , Du Xiaohua , Li Xiaoqing , Xu Xiangsheng
Published: September 2024

The generation of long-chain alkoxy radicals via visible light-induced energy transfer (EnT) has been accomplished through the design of a new class of bifunctional oxime esters derived from iminophenylacetic acid. The 1,5-hydrogen atom abstraction (HAT) of the alkoxy radicals, followed by alkylamination of alkenes, enables the construction of a 1,6-linkage across a double bond to achieve the valuable 1,6-amino alcohols.
VIDEOGAMES AS A SPACE FOR RECONSTRUCTING MYTHOLOGICAL STRUCTURES
Authors: Skubina Nataliia
Published: September 2024

The article is dedicated to the cultural-philosophical study of the video game space as a place for the reconstruction of archaic mythological structures. The study of narrative video games, which emerged in the early 1980s, represents new media that interactively transmit mythological motifs into the gaming experience. To identify and study mythological elements in video games, the methodological basis includes the works of C.G. Jung and C. Kerényi, who developed concepts of archetypes in culture. Also utilized is the concept of the monomyth by J. Campbell, which involves the realization of the hero's journey cycle initially in legends and myths, and later in narrative artistic structures. The novelty of the study is determined by the low level of research into the replication of mythological elements in the environment of new interactive media. Analyzing the universality of myth in gaming realms is part of a comprehensive approach to studying the phenomenon of video games and is an important element of the non-reductionist concept in the field of Game Studies. The relevance of the work lies in the need to comprehend the video game experience as a practice of personal living through history by the player, rather than passive contemplation. The study identified trends in constructing plots in narrative games according to the principles of the monomyth. In narrative games of the late 20th century, we find more primitive expressions of monomyth elements, often associated with technological limitations in construct implementation. Instead, video games of the past two decades reflect the monomyth in its entirety, characterized by complications and repetitions of the hero's journey stages. Equally pronounced are the reconstructions of archetypes and archetypal figures in the video game space. Thus, among the first archetypal figures in the gaming industry are the images of the hero, translated into the player's avatar, the damsel in distress - as a plot-forming element, and the gatekeeper, realized in level bosses. Modern narrative games allow for the differentiation of additional archetypes, such as the mentor, shadow, or ally. The main feature of reconstructing mythological structures in the gaming space is recognized as interactivity and the ability to experience events in a virtual world, which creates a new type of experience for the player in actively realizing universal mythological motifs through playing myths, rather than simply observing them.
Decarbonization as a multilateral political mechanism for carbon regulation
Authors: Batrymenko Oleg , Chomko Dmytro , Tkach Oleg
Published: September 2024

Formulation of the problem. This article is devoted to the analysis of the current state and prospects of the decarbonization project and its role in foreign policy in the process of creating the emissions trading system and the mechanism of the new European system of taxation of imported goods that leave a large carbon footprint (Control Border Adjustment Mechanism, CBAM) (the so-called "carbon border"). The issues raised in this work correspond to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), namely: the fight against climate change (13 goals), which were adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as a universal call to action to reduce poverty, protect the planet and ensure that by 2030 all people live in peace and prosperity. It was analyzed that the EU institutions (Commission, Council or European Parliament) had the greatest impact on the organizational structure of the European Union emissions trading (STV).

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to analyze the role of decarbonization as a multilateral political mechanism of carbon regulation at the border.

Methods. Comparative, systemic, institutional research methods are used in the article.

Research results. Attempts by the European Parliament to significantly change the decentralized nature of the ETS have failed. Thus, the process of updating the ETS and the mechanism of the new European system of taxation of imported goods that leave a large carbon footprint corresponds to the main provisions of the intergovernmental approach. Decarbonization is a term used to remove or reduce carbon dioxide (СО2) emissions from the atmosphere. Decarbonization is achieved by switching to low-carbon energy sources. The project "Cross-Border Adjustment of the Carbon Tax Upon World Accession" makes it possible to avoid negative consequences for trade and can create a win-win situation - in economic, political and environmental terms. Documents reflecting the positions of the subjects and the course of the legislative process were used as primary materials. The research was conducted on the basis of the process tracking method. The article proves that the decisive confluence in the formation of the ETS design was the member states (the balance of interests and influence of the member states in the Council of the EU). The commission played a significant role as the author of the idea and moderator of compromises. The Commission and the European Parliament have on several occasions successfully blocked or softened Member State amendments that threatened to undermine the substance of emissions trading.

Conclusions. As the planet faces rising temperatures and more frequent extreme weather events, it is clear that our current infrastructure practices must evolve. To mitigate and adapt to climate change, sustainable infrastructure is not just an option; it is a necessity.
Revitalization of regular landscape compositions of the park-monument of landscape art «Sharivskyi»
Authors: Maksymenko Nadiya , Gololobova Olena , Gololobov Vadym , Kireyeu Viktar
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The perception of the landscape as a space for living has led to the formation and development of a special group of anthropogenic landscapes, namely garden and park landscapes, which are characterized by a wide range of functions from utilitarian to aesthetic and spiritual. Currently, approximately 30% of cultural heritage sites are in disrepair, and 80% require serious restoration work. Therefore, the revitalization of the landscape structure of historical garden and park landscapes is an urgent scientific problem and meets two sustainable development goals (goal 11 Sustainable cities and communities and goal 15 - Life on land).

The purpose of article. To substantiate the concept of revitalization of regular landscape compositions of the park-monument of landscape gardening art of national importance "Sharivskyi" and to provide a graphic 3D model of architectural, planning and volumetric-spatial solutions of the proposed concept of revitalization of regular compositions of the studied landscape.

Research methods. Method of historical analysis: with a focus on the period of the highest embodiment of the artistic compositional intent of the restored space, when the estate belonged to the successful sugar producer Leopold Koenig. The graphic presentation of architectural, planning, and three-dimensional solutions of the proposed revitalization concepts for the studied landscapes was achieved through the use of QGIS 3.28.3-Firenze 2022-08-31, Sketchup, and Realtime Landscaping Architect software tools.

Main findings. In order to preserve the original idea and characteristics of the landscape compositions, the concept of revitalization of the White Garden was proposed, which was suggested by the "Genius loci" of the historical landscape of Sharivsky Park. Using the QGIS geographic information system, OSM standard map and Google Satellite Hybrid map, the 3D authentic relief of regular landscape compositions of the Sharivsky Palace and Park Complex was modeled. Using the Sketchup 2020 software tool, a graphical representation of the architectural, planning, and three-dimensional solutions of the studied historical landscape was made. The Sketchup 2020 software tool was also used for the graphic 3D reconstruction of numerous architectural details that adorn the palace, including balustrades, windows, doors, and towers decorated with ornaments. The dendrological plan was developed using species and cultivars of ornamental plants with identified historical and aesthetic value to ensure the continuity of new and preserved plant elements of landscape compositions.

Scientific novelty and practical value. The proposed vision of preserving the sustainable features of the place, the selection of plants with identified historical and substantiated aesthetic value can be used in the complex reconstruction of regular garden and park landscapes of the Sharivskyi Park, a monument of landscape gardening art of national importance.
Exploring Novel Therapeutic Breakthroughs for Cancers: Potential Roles of miRNAs
Authors: Abubakar Muhammad , Ayyoub Rooma , Rehman Baqaur , Kiani Muhammad Naeem , Ahmed Usama , Farooq Jawaria , Usmani Areeb Anwar
Published: September 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, 19–25 nucleotides in length, that regulate gene expression. miRNAs are involved in various cellular, biological, and pathological activities, including the development and progression of malignant tumors. Numerous studies have highlighted the significant roles of miRNA deregulation in various cancer types, involving critical pathways such as gene deletions and amplifications, abnormal epigenetic changes, and dysfunctional miRNA regulatory systems. miRNAs can function both as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in different contexts. Several cancer hallmarks are associated with deregulated miRNAs, including resistance to cell death, metastasis, sustained proliferative signaling, promotion of angiogenesis, and the suppression of growth factors. Recent research has demonstrated that miRNAs contribute to drug resistance in tumor cells by targeting genes linked to drug resistance or by influencing genes that regulate the cell cycle, apoptosis, and proliferation. A single miRNA often has tissue-specific regulatory functions and can affect multiple genes. Various miRNA types have been identified as potential biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and critical targets for novel therapeutic approaches. This review aims to explore the role of miRNAs in cancer progression, metastasis, and potential therapeutic interventions.
Advancements and Challenges in Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Detection: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Hameed Yasir
Published: September 2024

This study provides an overview of the current landscape of biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC) detection, focusing on genetic, proteomic, circulating microRNA (miRNA), and metabolomic biomarkers. CRC remains a significant global health challenge, ranking among the most prevalent cancers worldwide and being a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Despite advancements in screening methods such as colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and fecal occult blood tests (FOBT), the asymptomatic nature of early-stage CRC often results in late diagnoses, negatively impacting patient outcomes. Genetic biomarkers like APC, KRAS, TP53, and microsatellite instability (MSI) play critical roles in CRC pathogenesis and progression. These biomarkers, detectable through polymerase chain reaction, next-generation sequencing, and other advanced techniques, guide early detection and personalized treatment decisions. Proteomic biomarkers such as CEA, CA 19-9, and novel signatures offer insights into CRC’s physiological changes and disease status, aiding prognosis and treatment response assessments through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and mass spectrometry. Circulating miRNAs, including miR-21 and miR-92a, present promising non-invasive biomarkers that can be detected in blood and stool samples, reflecting CRC presence, progression, and therapeutic response. Metabolomic biomarkers, encompassing amino acids, lipids, and TCA cycle intermediates, provide further insights into CRC-associated metabolic alterations, which are crucial for early detection and treatment monitoring using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Despite these advancements, challenges such as biomarker validation, standardization, and clinical utility remain. Future research directions include integrating multi-omics approaches and leveraging technologies like liquid biopsies and AI for enhanced biomarker discovery and clinical application. By addressing these challenges and advancing research in biomarker development, CRC screening and management could potentially be revolutionized, improving patient outcomes and reducing the global burden of this disease.
Expression and Prognostic Potential of ESR1 in Breast Cancer
Authors: Muhammad Akram
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore the potential of ESR1 as a biomarker in breast cancer (BRCA) using bioinformatics analysis tools. The up-regulation of ESR1 expression in BRCA was investigated using UALCAN and GEPIA2, illustrating its role in BRCA progression. Furthermore, analyses based on various variables such as gender, age, race, and pathological stages of BRCA patients revealed a consistent up-regulation of ESR1, emphasizing its role in the development and progression of BRCA. Additionally, an analysis of ESR1 promoter methylation levels across various parameters revealed hypomethylation, affirming the inverse correlation between methylation and ESR1 expression. Prognostic analysis further indicated that overexpression of ESR1 is associated with poor overall survival, highlighting its potential as a prognostic biomarker in BRCA. Moreover, genetic mutation analysis using cBioPortal disclosed a minor role of ESR1 genetic mutations in BRCA, with only 2.5% of genetic alterations observed. The STRING and DAVID tools were utilized to conduct pathway enrichment analysis, revealing diverse biological functions of ESR1 and its 10 interconnected genes. Altogether, these results underscore the significance of understanding ESR1 up-regulation in BRCA and demonstrate its potential as a therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic biomarker.
Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Larynx: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Wang Pan , Wu Yashan , Zhang Pei , Wang Yanan
Published: September 2024

Primary malignant melanoma of the larynx is extremely rare. This paper reports a case of a patient with primary malignant melanoma of the larynx. Preoperative laryngoscopy revealed a cauliflower-like mass in the supraglottic region, and a CT scan of the pharynx suggested laryngeal cancer with cervical lymph node metastasis. The patient underwent a total laryngectomy with lymph node dissection, and postoperative pathology confirmed a malignant melanoma in the supraglottic region of the larynx.
A Case of Lautropia mirabilis Infection in a Lung Transplant Patient and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Liu Jinqian , Wang Kaijin , Xia Qingdi , Liu Bicui , Dong Yishan , Cen Haiyan , Yi Shujun
Published: September 2024

Lautropia mirabilis is an opportunistic pathogen that typically causes intestinal and oral infections when the body’s immune system is compromised or the microbial flora is imbalanced. Respiratory infections caused by Lautropia mirabilis are extremely rare. The symptoms and severity of Lautropia mirabilis infection may vary depending on individual differences and the site of infection. Through a review of relevant literature and this case study, it has been observed that Lautropia mirabilis may also cause pulmonary infectious diseases, and in immunocompromised patients, it can lead to severe infections, potentially resulting in death.
Study on the Expression, Prognosis, and Clinical Features of HOXA6 in Liver Cancer
Authors: Zhu Huiqiong
Published: September 2024

Objective: To study and analyze the expression level of homeobox A6 (HOXA6) in patients with liver cancer and its correlation with prognosis. Methods: From January 2020 to July 2021, 43 patients with liver cancer who underwent surgery without prior radiotherapy or chemotherapy were selected. Liver cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were collected, and the expression levels of HOXA6 mRNA and protein were measured using RT-qPCR and Western blot. The expression level of HOXA6 in tumor tissues (without radiotherapy and chemotherapy) was compared with that in adjacent tissues. Additionally, the prognosis and clinical characteristics of patients with low HOXA6 expression were compared to those with high HOXA6 expression, and the factors influencing high HOXA6 expression in liver cancer patients were analyzed. Results: HOXA6 mRNA and protein expression levels in tumor tissues were significantly higher than in adjacent tissues (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the 1-year and 2-year survival rates between the high HOXA6 expression group and the low HOXA6 expression group (P > 0.05). However, the 3-year survival rate was lower in the high HOXA6 expression group compared to the low HOXA6 expression group (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, age, tumor diameter, alpha-fetoprotein levels, or hepatitis B virus DNA levels (P > 0.05). However, significant differences were found in the number of tumor lesions, degree of differentiation, and the proportion of tumor metastasis between the two groups (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the number of tumor lesions, degree of differentiation, and tumor metastasis were influencing factors for high HOXA6 expression in liver cancer patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion: HOXA6 expression levels are abnormally elevated in liver cancer patients, and higher HOXA6 expression is associated with a worse 3-year survival rate. The factors influencing HOXA6 expression include the number of tumor lesions, degree of differentiation, and tumor metastasis.
The international study of movement behaviours in the early years: A pilot study from Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors:   Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of Tuzla, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Užičanin Edin , Gilić Barbara ,   Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia, Babajic Fuad ,   Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of Tuzla, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Huremovic Tarik ,   Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of Tuzla, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hodzic Sanjin ,   Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of Tuzla, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bilalic Jasmin ,   Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of Tuzla, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sajber Dorica ,   Faculty of Sport, Univesity of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Published: September 2024

The World Health Organization (WHO) released guidelines for physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep for children under 5 years of age in 2019, but there are no reports on the adherence to the guidelines in southeastern Europe. This study aimed to: (i) determine the proportion of preschool children (aged 3-5 years) who met the WHO guidelines and examine the feasibility of the proposed protocol for the SUNRISE study in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), and (ii) define sex-, and urban/rural-living-specifics in movement-behaviors, anthropometrics, gross-motor-skills, fine-motor- skills, and cognitive-skills. The sample comprised 115 preschool children (63 girls and 52 boys), residing in urban (n = 66) and rural areas (n = 49) from B&H. Participants were tested on movement behaviors (PA, sleep time, screen time) by accelerometry and comprehensive questionnaires. Body height, weight, body mass index, executive function, fine-, and gross-motor skill, and cognitive function were also measured. The results showed that PA-, sleep duration-, and screen time guidelines were met by 64%, 74% and 53% of children, respectively, while only 23% of the children met all three guidelines on movement behaviors. Boys exhibited higher PA than girls, but no differences in gross- and fine motor skills and cognitive functioning were recorded between the sexes. Children living in urban and rural environments did not differ in any of the studied variables. Results evidenced preschool children from B&H being in line with other samples globally about study variables. Although PA was higher in boys than in girls it was not translated to differences in motor skills. Further studies on larger samples and other environments are warranted.
Assessing the Effect of Head and Neck Orientation on Head Injury Parameters in Taekwondo
Authors:   Department of Sports Biomechanics, Sport Science Research Institute, Tehran, Iran, postal code:1587958711, Boroushak Nada , Khoshnoodi Hasan ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran, postal code:6451741117, Rostami Mostafa ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Biomechanic, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, postal code:4741695447
Published: September 2024

Background: Brain injuries may be caused by the linear and rotational acceleration of the head and neck; in fact, head and neck orientation are one of the factors determining the type and severity of brain injury when the impact delivered to head is a less important consideration. This investigation has analyzed the effect of head and neck orientation on linear and rotational acceleration in Taekwondo. Methods: The ADAMS software model has been used to determine the linear and rotational acceleration in the taekwondo roundhouse kick in various orientations. Results: The results revealed that the maximum linear and rotational acceleration was related to neck 0° were 99g, and 4576 , respectively. The head and neck orientation did not affect the magnitude of the linear and rotational acceleration in the sagittal plane. However, as the angle of the head and neck orientation increased in the frontal plane, the magnitude of the linear and rotational acceleration decreased. Conclusion: In general, the results indicate that only rotational acceleration was the cause of brain injury in taekwondo. Increasing the angle of orientation of the head and neck in frontal plane would lead to a reduction in intensity.
Analysis of Tactical-Technical Attack Performance Factors: A Case Study of a Professional Women's Handball Team
Authors:   State University of Santa Catarina, Physical Education Department, Florianópolis, Brazil, Dallegrave Eduardo J. , Beirith Mariana K. ,   State University of Santa Catarina, Physical Education Department, Florianópolis, Brazil, Salles William N. ,   Federal University of Santa Catarina, Physical Education Department, Florianópolis, Brazil, do Nascimento Juarez V. ,   Federal University of Santa Catarina, Physical Education Department, Florianópolis, Brazil, Folle Alexandra ,   State University of Santa Catarina, Physical Education Department, Florianópolis, Brazil
Published: September 2024

Game analysis based on tactical-technical sports performance provides important information for coaches to periodize and evaluate team processes more accurately. The aim of this study was to analyze the probabilities of success in offensive situations by a Brazilian professional women’s handball team. The method used was a quantitative, descriptive and case study approach, which was a professional women’s handball team with national and international achievements. Data collection was based on the Handball Observation System, which allowed a total of 726 game actions to be evaluated from the two target competitions (world and national), 143 for the Women’s Super Globe and 583 for the national handball league. The data was analyzed using the Lince program, which helps with video analysis (games from different sports), optimizing data verification, and the SPSS 23.0 software, using multinomial regression. The results showed that the team had 10.538 more probabilities of scoring when using basic tactical means, compared to 1-on-1 actions (CR = 1.061) and complex tactical means (CR = 1). The offensive organization showed greater probabilities (OR = 1.668) of scoring with the full team, in attacks from the central area of the court of less than 9 meters (OR = 1.917) and with shots between 21 and 40 minutes (OR = 1.393). There were also 7.968 more chances for the opposing goalkeeper to make a save when the team attacked with basic tactical means and 2.562 more chances for him to save the shot between 21 and 40 minutes.
Phytopathological testing of flax genotypes for anthracnose resistance
Authors: Kudryavtseva L. P. , Proletova N. V.
Published: September 2024

Among the large number of harmful and common fungal diseases of flax, anthracnose is one of the dominant ones. There are no highly resistant varieties to this pathogen in production. The search and formation of a collection of diverse sustainable flax material is one of the tasks of the modern selection, which was the purpose of our work. Laboratory and field studies using a synthetic population of anthracnose pathogen to determine flax resistance to the pathogen were conducted in the Northwest area of the Tver region. The object of research were collection samples from the “National Collection of Russian flax” of the Federal Research Center for Bast Crops, flax selection lines obtained by biotechnology and the bio samples of the anthracnose pathogen from the “Collection of microorganisms - pathogens of major flax diseases”. Over the years of research (2019–2023), the "Collection of microorganisms - pathogens of flax diseases" has been replenished with 41 biological samples of the anthracnose pathogen. The dominant position was occupied by highly virulent strains – 55.6%, weakly virulent biological samples made up 18.4%. Screening of 384 collection flax samples against an infectious background revealed a low content of resistant samples, only 36 samples were relatively resistant (50.0–68.0%), and 90.6% of the collection samples were susceptible. 7 genotypes were identified, showing relative resistance to the pathogen at the level of 60.1–68.0%: G-60505-9, D238/2/15/119-13, D14/No.3896hAR6, L-2897-6-6, 0-15247-6-13, 0-15157-7-5, K-3774*. The breeding lines NPr-1-7 and NPr-2-3 of fiber flax, obtained as a result of using biotechnological methods, have confirmed their resistance against an infectious background, in the field (61.1–75.0%). No highly resistant flax samples to anthracnose have been identified. The use of 9 sources characterized by resistance at the level of 60.1–75.0% in the breeding program will increase the efficiency of breeding work to create disease-resistant flax varieties.
Influence of weather conditions on the duration of the growing season and economically valuable traits and properties of soybean varieties of domestic and foreign selection
Authors: Bel’chenko S. A. , Zaytseva O. A. , Sazonova I. D. , Milekhina N. V.
Published: September 2024

The influence of meteorological conditions of the region on the duration of the vegetation period and production process of domestic and foreign soybean breeding was determined. The research was conducted in the period 2021–2023 in the Bryansk region. 18 soybean varieties included in the Register of breeding achievements admitted to use were taken as an object of research. According to the duration of the vegetation period varieties are divided into three groups of ripeness: fast-ripening – Vita, Lira, Leader 10, Amadea, Lisbon, Vera, early-maturing – Protina, Volma, Kora, Zusha, Mezenka, Osmon, Sultana, medium-maturing – Sculptor, Pripyat, Puma, Sirelia, Ros. It was revealed that, on average, plant height increased with the increasing vegetation period: fast-ripening – 75.8 cm, early-maturing – 77.3, medium-maturing – 83.0 cm. It was revealed that, on average, with an increase in the growing season, the height of plants increased: precocious – 75.8 cm, early-maturing – 77.3 cm, middle-maturing – 83.0 cm. 4 genotypes (22 %) with low attachment of the lower beans were identified: Vera, Kora, Pripyat, Sirelia, 11 varieties (61 %) with medium attachment of the lower beans: Vita, Lira, Leader 10, Amadea, Lisbon, Volma, Zusha, Osmon, Sultana, Sculptor, Puma, 3 varieties (17 %) with a high attachment: Protina, Mezenka, Ros. The weight of 1000 seeds was calculated – varieties with larger filled seeds: Sultana (176), Ros (177), Lisbon (162), Vita (158), Vera (158), Sirelia (158). Varieties with the highest seed yield were identified: Ros (25.3 c/ha), Zusha (22.8), Sculptor (22.2), Pripyat (22.2), Lisbon (22.1 c/ha). Crude protein was determined by the Kjeldahl method, crude fat by the Soxhlet. The high content of crude protein was formed by the varieties of domestic breeding: Puma (36.66%), Mezenka (35.95%), Osmon (35.75%), Vera (35.34%); foreign varieties: Sirelia (39.05%), Sultana (38.27%), Pripyat (36.17%). The crude fat content in the seeds varied both by year and by variety. The maximum fat value was noted in the genotypes: Ros (23.78%), Mezenka (23.72%), Sculptor (23.18%), Zusha (22.45 %), Sultana (22.36%).