bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Total syntheses of cyclohelminthol I–IV reveal a new cysteine-selective covalent reactive group
Authors: Paulsen Thomas T. , Kiib Anders E. , Wørmer Gustav J. , Hacker Stephan M. , Poulsen Thomas B.
Published: January 2025

We present the discovery that the small, chlorinated polyketide natural product cyclohelminthiol II (CHM-II) acts as a new type of cysteine/thiol-targeting covalent-reactive group (CRG) incorporating both reversible and irreversible reactivity.
Pt nanoparticles supported on porous sheath TiO2 wrapped carbon nanotubes for selective glycerol electro-oxidation into tartronate
Authors: Guan Chaohui , Li Jiefei , Chen Tao , Lv Liang , Du Junfeng , Zhang Shuai , Wei Hang , Chu Haibin
Published: January 2025

The introduction of porous sheath TiO2 with controllable morphology and thickness into a Pt/CNTs catalyst effectively improves the catalytic activity toward glycerol electrooxidation and the selectivity of tartronic acid.
Ultra-photostable fluorescent dye molecular engineering—for measuring plant cells’ membrane-spacing through a “deposition-embedding” strategy
Authors: Jin Wendong , Huang Jie , Niu Jie , Zhang Shiqian , Liu Zhiqiang , Yu Xiaoqiang
Published: January 2025

We developed a novel “deposition-embedding” strategy for creating plant cell membrane probes. Based on this strategy, PTBT-O-NPh2 was synthesized.
Impact of hydrogen-controlled thermal ALD SiO2 insulators on IGZO channel FETs to optimize the electrical performance
Authors: Choi Su-Hwan , Kim Dong-Gyu , Kwag Jae-Hyeok , Song Ki-Cheol , Lee Yeonhee , Park Chang-Kyun , Park Jin-Seong
Published: January 2025

The impact of hydrogen controlled by thermal ALD SiO2 deposition temperature, to demonstrate ALD IGZO thin film transistor performances.
A unified theory of electron-rich and electron-deficient multicenter bonds in molecules and solids: a change of paradigms
Authors: Osman H. H. , Rodríguez-Hernández P. , Muñoz A. , Manjón F. J.
Published: January 2025

We present a multicenter bond theory explaining the origin and formation mechanisms of electron-rich (ERMBs) and electron-deficient multicenter bonds (EDMBs), focusing on molecules and solids with electron-rich elements.
Coupling between ferroelasticity and magnetization in two-dimensional organic–inorganic perovskites (C6H5C2H4NH3)2MCl4 (M = Mn, Cu, Fe)
Authors: Tsuchiya Naoto , Aoki Saya , Nakayama Yuki , Cosquer Goulven , Nishihara Sadafumi , Pardo-Sainz Miguel , Rodríguez-Velamazán José Alberto , Campo Javier , Inoue Katsuya
Published: January 2025

Magnetization shift is observed in two-dimensional organic–inorganic perovskite (C6H5C2H4NH3)2FeCl4 with coexistence of ferroelasticity and canted antiferromagnetism.
An ion-gating synaptic memristor based on tri-layer HfOx composition regulation
Authors: Zou Lanqing , Zhang Junming , Yi Yunhui , Ren Jiawang , Sun Huajun , Zhu Chuqian , Xu Jiyang , Hu Sheng , Ye Lei , Cheng Weiming , He Qiang , Miao Xiangshui
Published: January 2025

This study developed tri-layer HfOx/HfO2/HfOx memristors with an ion-gating HfO2 interlayer, enabling precise control over conductive filaments and achieving high consistency and linearity.
A first-principles study on antiferromagnetic VYNF2 with flat robust bands, valley splitting, and an out-of-plane piezoelectric response
Authors: Gao Qiang , Lin Tingting , Wang Wei , Shi Guimei , Jin Xin , Shen Chen
Published: January 2025

Valley splitting is observed between K and −K points in band structures (GGA+U+SOC) of VYNF2. The flat valence bands lead to a robust band gap against strain, where the mechanism behind the flat valence bands is explicated by tight-binding model.
Simultaneous enhancement of piezoelectricity and Curie temperature in KNN-based ceramics via a multiple formula solid solution
Authors: Li Hongjiang , Chen Ning , Xing Jie , Liu Wenbin , Tan Zhi , Chen Hao , Tang Manjing , Mo Mingyue , Zhu Jianguo
Published: January 2025

Novel approach involving multiple formula solid-solution techniques is presented, whereby the longstanding conflict between d33 and TC in KNN-based ceramics can be effectively overcome, thus achieving a remarkable d33 of 550 pC N−1 and TC of 260 °C.
A failed wind candidate in NGC 3783 from the 2001 campaign with Chandra/HETGS
Authors: Li Chen , Kaastra Jelle S. , Gu Liyi , Rogantini Daniele , Juráňová Anna , Mehdipour Missagh , de Plaa Jelle
Published: January 2025

We reanalyse the Chandra/HETGS observations of NGC 3783 from the campaign in the year 2001 and identify significant spectral variations in the Fe unresolved transition array (UTA) over timescales of weeks to months. These changes correlate with a 1.4− to two-fold increase in the ionising continuum and exceed 10σ significance. The variations primarily originate from a low-ionisation state (log ξ = 1.65) component of the warm absorber. Time-dependent photoionisation modelling confirmed the sensitivity of this low-ionisation component to continuum variations within the Fe UTA band. Local fitting indicated a lower density limit of > 1012.3 m−3 at a 3σ statistical uncertainty, with the component located within 0.27 pc. Our findings suggest that this low-ionisation component is a potential failed wind candidate.
The impact of resources availability on phytophthora population dynamics and ecosystem health
Authors: Afandi Auliana , Yosilia Rani , Agustiani Mala , Rustiaty Banon , Sinaga Rismawita , Khodijah Siti , Anggraini Reny Tri
Published: January 2025

The relationship between resource availability and the population dynamics of Phytophthora species plays a critical role in shaping ecosystem health. Phytophthora is a genus of oomycetes that known for their impact on agricultural and natural ecosystems. Resource availability, encompassing both abiotic factors like soil nutrients and moisture, and biotic factors such as host plant density and diversity, influences Phytophthora populations and their pathogenicity. This interaction often results in complex feedback loops where shifts in resource availability can worsen or mitigate the spread of Phytophthora infections. For instance, high soil moisture levels and nutrient availability can enhance pathogen growth and sporulation, leading to increased disease incidence and severity. Conversely, resource limitations may suppress pathogen populations but can also lead to reduced host plant vigor, indirectly affecting ecosystem health. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for effective management strategies, as it helps in predicting disease outbreaks and implementing measures to sustain ecosystem functionality and resilience. This study highlights the need for integrated approaches that consider both the ecological impacts of Phytophthora and the broader implications for ecosystem health, emphasizing the importance of resource management in mitigating pathogen-related disruptions.
Study of various types of rice field management systems on the functional properties of rice
Authors: Ariyantoro Achmad Ridwan , Atmaka Windi , Sonata Belinda , Syamsiyah Jauhari
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to investigate how various rice field management strategies affected the Mentik Wangi and IR64 white rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties’ physical, chemical, physicochemical, functional, and sensory qualities. With just one factor—the conventional, semi-organic, and organic rice field management systems—the methodology applied a fully randomized design. The One Way ANOVA test and the DMRT test were employed for data analysis, with a 5% significance level. The analysis’s findings demonstrated that the rise in white degree value and thousand-grain weight was substantially impacted by the semi-organic rice field management system. Additionally, it improved both kinds’ solubility and swelling power. Meanwhile, because it is preferable as far as of color, appearance, and overall quality, the organic rice field management system greatly enhances the sensory experience. Conversely, the conventional rice field management approach on Mentik Wangi and IR64 rice raised the protein content (%db) and amylose content of all kinds.
Cyathea tenggerensis (Rosenst.) Domin from Ijen Geopark, Bondowoso and Banyuwangi, East Java
Authors: Ulum Fuad Bahrul , Su’udi Mukhamad , Dwinanti Edia Fitri , Fernanda Rachel Oktavian , Setyati Dwi
Published: January 2025

Cyathea contaminans (Hook.) Copel. and Cyathea orientalis (Kunze) T. Moore, which flourish abundantly in the Erek-erek Geoforest ecotourism zone within Ijen Geopark, have long been regarded as ancient plant species. However, during a recent expedition to higher elevations, a tree fern with distinct morphological features, previously unreported, was discovered. The study, conducted in June 2024 within Ijen Geopark, encompassing the Bondowoso and Banyuwangi Regencies of East Java, involved the documentation and morphological observation of tree ferns at the site. The specimen identified was Cyathea tenggerensis (Rosenst.) Domin, a species distinguished by its unique characteristics, including dense golden-brown hairs enveloping throughout the stipe and costae, a height of up to 10 metres, and a trunk diameter significantly greater than that of C. contaminans and C. orientalis. As no prior records of this species exist within the conservation area, this study provides the first insight into its distribution. Furthermore, the research presents a detailed description of C. tenggerensis and identifies key morphological traits critical for accurate field identification. In light of these findings, we advocate for enhanced conservation measures to safeguard the long-term survival of tree ferns within their native habitat.
Volcanic disaster mitigation based on local wisdom: A case study from a local community in the Mount Galunggung, Indonesia
Authors: Mutolib Abdul , Rahmat Ali , Harefa Darmawan , Nugraha Satriya , Handoko Lukman , Sululing Siswadi , Laxmi  , Nurhayati Siti
Published: January 2025

The eruption of Mount Galunggung in 1822 resulted in the deaths of 4,011 people and the destruction of 114 villages. A subsequent eruption in 1894 caused further devastation, destroying 50 villages. In 1982, Mount Galunggung erupted for a period of nine months. Currently, the area surrounding Mount Galunggung is a center for coffee and palm plantations with a dense population. This study aims to identify the disaster mitigation implemented by local communities in response volcanic disaster. The research was conducted between August and November 2023 and employed an ethnographic approach to assess community preparedness and disaster mitigation strategies. The respondents’ knowledge level regarding the Mount Galunggung eruption disaster falls within the moderate category, with an average score of 2.86. In contrast, the respondents’ preparedness for volcanic disasters is classified as low, with an average score of 1.96. Disaster mitigation efforts based on local wisdom in Mount Galunggung include: 1) the use of the kentongan (a traditional wooden alarm instrument), 2) local knowledge of natural disaster signs, and 43) mystical beliefs associated with Mount Galunggung. The implication of this study is the necessity for multi-stakeholder collaboration in building community knowledge and preparedness in facing volcanic disasters around Mount Galunggung.
Assessing future climate change with a weather generator: A case study in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Ayu Puspitasari Sylvatera , Wu Chen-Fa
Published: January 2025

Bali is one of the largest rice granaries in Indonesia, with 668,612 tons produced in 2023. Hence, agriculture is one of the crucial sectors in Bali. Climate change can affect the agriculture sector in many ways. It can cause the conditions to be better or worse for growing plants in distinct areas. Forecasting future climate change is needed to understand extreme conditions in the long term. Thus, climate change scenarios are required to evaluate agriculture impacts. We use the MarkSim weather generator with 17 models under different scenarios and collected rainfall and temperature data from 2026-2091. The MarkSim weather generator can be utilized to predict future climate change in Bali, Indonesia. Rainfall in the coming years is expected to fluctuate annually, yet it will remain within a relatively stable range of 2066 to 2170 mm. Both maximum temperature (Tmax) and minimum temperature (Tmin) are projected to continue to rise, with increases of up to 2 °C. This study offers valuable insights into climate change impact models on agriculture, which is helpful for farmers, researchers, planners, and decision-makers.
Dynamics of CO2 emission under sweet corn (Zea mays Saccharata) cultivation at ultisol applied with compost
Authors: Yulnafatmawita  , Suwita Vanessa Putri , Rasyidin Azwar
Published: January 2025

One source of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) comes from agricultural activities, especially crop cultivation. This research was aimed to measure the amount of CO2 emitted from Ultisol treated with compost during the cultivation of sweet corn. This research was a field experiment with 5 doses of compost (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 T/ha) and 3 replications. The experimental units were allocated in the field according to a randomized block design (RBD). CO2 emission was measured 4 times (initial, after compost application, maximum vegetative growth, and after harvest). The results showed that there were no significant differences in CO2 emissions between experimental plots before compost application (at initial). However, CO2 emissions were significantly different among treatments after compost application, at maximum vegetative growth, and after harvest. At the three measurements, CO2 emissions increased by increasing doses of compost applied. In addition, laboratory analysis showed that the Ultisol at the research site had a clay texture (53.7% clay particles), low organic carbon (0.77%), and pH (5.21), high bulk density (1.14 Mg m-3), and low total soil pore (56.31%). Although CO2 emissions from the soil surface increased with increasing compost dosage, soil characteristics improved, and crop production increased.
Resilience of the samin community in the face of climate change in Java Island, Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Agung , Wardojo Waskito Widi , Rahmanto Andre Noevi , Candrakirana Rosita
Published: January 2025

The Samin Community has a rich traditional knowledge system which plays an important role in maintaining social and ecological resilience. Climate change has a significant impact on indigenous communities worldwide. This research aims to understand how the Samin community maintains and strengthens resilience amidst extreme climate change, and how local wisdom can be integrated with modern knowledge and technology to achieve long-term sustainability. The research uses a qualitative method with a case study strategy and ethnography, to describe and explore the resilience of the Samin community. The target of a qualitative approach is a comprehensive description of social life. The analysis combines the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing of a conclusion in a repetitive, cyclic way. The research results show that a holistic approach combining local wisdom, modern technology, and policy is the key to sustainability of the Samin community in the face of climate change
The assessment of environment protection cooperation in the South China Sea
Authors: Satyawan Ignatius Agung
Published: January 2025

Located in a strategic position and geopolitics significance, the South China Sea is rich of biodiversity so it has abundance of fish stock to sustain food security among people in the coastal area. Since the increase of urbanization along the coastal area, pollution becomes inevitable. The South China Sea is also a hot-spot in the world because it is claimed either in part or in whole by six states namely China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippine and Brunei. In addition, the hot-spot and climate change phenomena exacerbate environment degradation. This article asses cooperation among parties to address environment protection in the South China Sea since 1990’s. Using historical perspective and qualitative approach and also utilizing primary and secondary sources, this article finds that cooperation carried out by several parties both informally and formally has not been maximized. However, this cooperation is able to become a confidence building measure to ease tensions and enable as an entry-point for political solution.
Evaluation of performance of dimethyl ether and high-pressure refrigerants under varied evaporating temperature
Authors: Mitrakusuma Windy H. , Setyawan Andriyanto , Simbolon Luga M.
Published: January 2025

Dimethyl ether is an organic compound that has the potential to be used as an environmentally friendly refrigerant. In this study, the performance of dimethyl ether refrigerant was tested and compared with other refrigerants having high working pressure, namely R410A, R410B, and R32. The study results show that dimethyl ether has a lower cooling capacity compared to R410A, R410B, and R32, in the order of 37% to 40%. However, the compression work of the cooling system with dimethyl ether is much lower, i.e., in the order of 30.7% to 36.9%. As a result, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the cooling machine with dimethyl ether is 7.4% to 10.6% higher than that of the three high-pressure refrigerants. The COP increases with the increase of evaporating temperature.
The correlation between temperature and dengue haemorrhagic fever in Malang Regency – Indonesia: A spatial – temporal analysis
Authors: Ali Khaidar , Addin Rizaldi Muhammad , Bangun Sugiharto Septiono , Yuniarno Saudin , Fitria Widiyanto Agnes , Suratman Suratman , Lazuardi Lutfan
Published: January 2025

Dengue is vital health issue in Indonesia, in which it is burdening health and economic among population. This study aims to analyse the relationship between temperature and dengue fever cases in Malang Regency, East Java Province- Indonesia, from 2014 to 2018. A quantitative ecological time-series design was employed. The dependent variable was dengue cases, and the independent variable was temperature. Data analysis involved descriptive spatial analysis using QGIS 3.0 and Spearman correlation tests with Stata. Correlations between dengue cases and temperature were assessed from lag 0 to lag 3 months. The dengue case was recorded 4,505 cases. Dengue cases peaked in 2015 (1,331 cases) and 2016 (1,140 cases), with the highest incidence observed in February 2015 and January 2016. A significant correlation was found between temperature and dengue cases at lag 2-3 months (p<0.05). The spatial analysis also indicates that dengue fever cases in Malang Regency exhibit a clustered pattern, with the clusters predominantly located in urban areas. Temperature significantly influences dengue incidence in Malang Regency, particularly with a lag of 2-3 months. These findings suggest the importance of integrating temperature data into early warning systems for targeted dengue prevention and control strategies in vulnerable areas for climate change.
Patient adherence to surveillance colonoscopy after endoscopic resection of colorectal polyps and factors associated with loss to follow-up
Authors: Farooq Aimen , Bani Fawwaz BahaAldeen , Mian Arooj , Singh Gurdeep , Zhang Yiyang , Gerges Peter , Kadkhodayan Kambiz , Jain Deepanshu , Cosgrove Natalie , Arain Mustafa A , Hasan Muhammad Khalid , Yang Dennis
Published: January 2025

Post-polypectomy surveillance colonoscopy (SC) plays an integral role in efforts to reduce colorectal cancer risk, but its effectiveness is invariably dependent on patient compliance. This study aimed to evaluate patient adherence to SC after endoscopic resection (ER) of polyps ≥ 20 mm and identify potential barriers associated with loss to follow-up.

This was a single-center retrospective study evaluating adherence to SC after ER of polyps ≥ 20 mm between April 2018 to December 2021. Adherence to SC was defined as the proportion of patients who underwent follow-up colonoscopy. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with loss to follow-up.

A total of 959 patients (mean age 67 years; 47.9% women) underwent endoscopic resection
of colorectal polyps ≥ 20 mm (mean size 33.2 ± 13.7 mm). Nearly half of the patients (n =
478; 49.8%) were lost to follow-up. On multivariate analysis, factors associated with a
higher likelihood of SC non-adherence were: lack of a primary care physician (odds ratio
[OR] 1.7;95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3- 2.3; P < 0.05),
American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 3 or 4 (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1–1.9; P < 0.05), residence > 60 miles from the endoscopy suite (OR
1.6; 95% CI 1.2–2.3; P = 0.02), being referred by a physician
outside of our healthcare system (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1–1.8; P =
0.01), and lack of written follow-up recommendations on the colonoscopy report (OR 3.6; 95%
CI 1.4–10.2; P = 0.01).

Nearly half of patients undergoing ER of colorectal polyps ≥ 20 mm are lost to follow-up. We identified several patient- and healthcare-related factors as barriers to SC adherence. Strategies to address these issues and targeting of high-risk populations are urgently needed to enhance SC programs.
Gesetzliche Vorgaben zur Aufklärung und deren Einfluss auf die
Patientenzufriedenheit
Authors: Briegel Wolfgang , Lopez de Miguel Pilar
Published: January 2025

Das Patientenrechtegesetz definiert unter anderem ärztliche Pflichten im
Zusammenhang mit der Aufklärung. Bis dato wurde in Deutschland nicht
untersucht, inwiefern diese gesetzlichen Vorgaben auch die Zufriedenheit mit
der Aufklärung beeinflussen, Dieser unter dem Gesichtspunkt des
Qualitätsmanagements wichtigen Frage widmet sich diese Studie.

Anonymisierte Patientenbefragung zur Zufriedenheit mit der Aufklärung, die
mittels eines validierten 10 Item-Fragebogens erfasst wurde.

189 Aufklärungsgespräche (n=105 weibliche, n=84 männliche Patienten) gingen
in die Auswertung ein. 87,8% (n=166) der Patienten befanden sich in
stationärer Behandlung, 12,2% (n=23) wurden ambulant behandelt. Die
Patienten waren im Mittel 53,2 Jahre alt (Standardabweichung: 20,3 Jahre,
Spannbreite: 15 bis 97 Jahre) und verteilten sich über folgende
Behandlungsbereiche: Anästhesie: n=68; Chirurgie: n=60; Innere Medizin:
n=56; Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie: n=5
Patienten. Es ergab sich insgesamt eine hohe Zufriedenheit mit der
Aufklärung, die sich zwischen den Geschlechtern nicht signifikant
unterschied. Allerdings waren Patienten zufriedener, wenn sie von Ärzten mit
Deutsch als Muttersprache (p=0,005; d=0,214) bzw. von Fachärzten
(p<0,001; d=0,288) aufgeklärt wurden. Die Dauer des Aufklärungsgesprächs
korrelierte signifikant positiv mit der Zufriedenheit (p=0,002, r=0,211). Es
konnte außerdem gezeigt werden, dass dem Weiterbildungsstand des Arztes
(Facharzt: Ja/Nein) die größte Bedeutung zukommt (adjusted Odds Ratio:
4,48).

Die Vorgaben des Patientenrechtegesetzes bzgl. Verständlichkeit und
Ausführlichkeit der Aufklärung sowie Kompetenz des aufklärenden Arztes
tragen nachweislich zur Patientenzufriedenheit bei. Daher ist immer auf eine
ausreichende fachliche Kompetenz zu achten. Bei aufklärenden Ärzten, deren
Muttersprache nicht Deutsch ist, sollte der Einsatz von
Übersetzungsprogrammen, Informationen in bildlicher Form oder von
(zusätzlichen) Video-Aufklärungen erwogen werden, um eine etwaige
Sprachbarriere zu minimieren. Darüber hinaus sollte für eine möglichst hohe
Zufriedenheit die Dauer des Aufklärungsgespräches möglichst gut an die
individuellen Patientenbedürfnisse angepasst werden. Dazu empfiehlt es sich,
die Patienten vorab zu fragen, wie ausführlich sie sich die Aufklärung
wünschen.
Cortical Neurotransmitters Measured by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Change Following Traumatic Brachial Plexus Injury
Authors: Wade Ryckie G. , Bourke Gráinne , Olaru Alexandra M. , Williams Stephen R. , Shelley David , Plein Sven , Bains Robert D. , Bedford James D. , Newton Lucy E. Homer , Ng Chye Yew , Parkes Laura , Lea-Carnall Caroline
Published: January 2025

Introduction GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. In response to injury within the central nervous system, GABA promotes cortical plasticity and represents a potential pharmacological target to improve functional recovery. However, it is unclear how GABA changes in the brain after traumatic brachial plexus injuries (tBPIs) which represents the rationale for this pilot study.

Methods We serially scanned seven males (mean age 42 years [SD 19] without head injury) up to 19 months after tBPIs. T1-weighted images (1-mm isotropic resolution) and J-edited spectra (MEscher–GArwood Point RESolved Spectroscopy [MEGA-PRESS], TE 68 ms, TR 2,000 ms, 2 cm isotropic voxels) were acquired using a MAGNETOM Prisma 3T (Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). Data were analyzed in jMRUI blind to clinical information to quantify GABA, creatine plus phosphocreatine (Cr), and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) concentrations. Additionally, gray matter and white matter proportions were assessed using SPECTRIM software. Interhemispheric means were compared using linear methods. Confidence intervals (CIs) were generated to the 95% level.

Results Within weeks of injury, the hemisphere representing the injured upper limb had a significantly lower GABA:NAA ratio (mean difference 0.23 [CI 0.06–0.40]) and GABA:Cr ratio (mean difference 0.75 [CI 0.24–1.25]) than the uninjured side. There were no interhemispheric differences in NAA:Cr. By 12 months post-injury, interhemispheric differences in metabolite concentrations equalized. There was no difference in the proportion of gray matter, white matter, or cerebrospinal fluid between the injured and uninjured hemispheres.

Conclusion After brachial plexus injuries, there are interhemispheric differences in GABA concentrations within the sensory and motor cortex. This represents a potential pharmacological target that warrants further investigation.
Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in uro-onkologischen Studien
Authors: Roesch Marie Christine , Lütje Lea Sophie , Gilbert Nils , Merseburger Axel Stuart , Osmonov Daniar
Published: January 2025

Obwohl Subgruppenanalysen in klinischen Studien teilweise geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in den Ergebnissen aufweisen, gibt es nur selten eine Zulassungsbeschränkung auf nur ein Geschlecht oder geschlechtsangepasste Dosierungsempfehlungen. Außerdem sind Differenzen in den geschlechtsspezifischen Studieneinschlussraten im Vergleich zu den jeweiligen Inzidenz- oder Prävalenzraten wahrzunehmen. Der folgende Artikel beleuchtet geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in uro-onkologischen klinischen Studien.
Assessment of the haemostatic potential of platelets readied for transfusion
Authors: Emagha Unwana , Yousif Khawla , Duff Michelle , Geraghty Edwina , O'Shaughnessy Janice , Murphy Philip , Veradi Stefano , Marcella Stephen , Bentley Roy , Cox Dermot
Published: January 2025

No abstract
Improving the performance of palladium-catalyzed telomerization of 1,3-butadiene with malonate by alcohol solvent
Authors: XUAN CHEN , Shen Chaoren , Dong Kaiwu
Published: January 2025

Using alcohol instead of largely excessive malonate as the solvent can improve the performance of palladium-catalyzed telomerization of 1,3-butadiene with malonate. Under the basic conditions, the main reaction was not overwhelmed by the telomerization of 1,3-butadiene with methanol solvent. With this method, methyl (E)-deca-4,9-dienoate, the intermediate for the synthesis of 10-hydroxy decanoic acid, undecanedioic acid and 11-hydroxy undecanoic acid, can be prepared from the telomerization of 1,3-butadiene with dimethyl malonate in good yield.
Metal-free synthesis of S-aryl dithiocarbamates: A direct approach from anilines and secondary amines in the presence of tert-butyl nitrite
Authors: Narayanan Aswathi C , singh sundaram , Kandasamy Jeyakumar
Published: January 2025

A simple and efficient method was developed for the preparation of S-aryl dithiocarbamates from aniline, carbon disulfide, and amine in acetonitrile/water. The reactions proceeded at room temperature in the absence of catalysts while the desired products were obtained in good to excellent yields. Simple operation, easy access to reactants, catalyst-free conditions, and high product yields are the key benefits of this method.
The Characteristics and Functions of Orally Absorbed Herbal Decoction-Borne Plant MicroRNAs
Authors: Zhu Yating , Yu Yicheng , Jia Yao , Lin Ziqi , Lei Jinyue , Wu Diyao , Xu Tielong , Li Longxue , Zheng Bin
Published: January 2025

Herbal decoctions always contain numerous plant microRNAs, and some of these can be absorbed orally to exert cross-kingdom gene regulation. However, little is known about which specific types of herbal decoction-borne plant microRNAs are more likely to be absorbed. Thus, two antiviral herbal decoctions, Qingfei Paidu and Qingre Huashi Kangdu, were administered to human volunteers and rats, respectively, to investigate the characteristics of orally absorbed decoction-borne plant microRNAs. MIR-6240 – 3 p was identified as an absorbed plant microRNA in humans and is most highly expressed in Qingfei Paidu decoction. Therefore, the kinetics of MIR-6240 – 3 p were monitored in humans following the administration of the Qingfei Paidu decoction, and its antiviral effect on human coronavirus type 229E (HCoV-229E) was examined in vitro. There were 586 176 small RNAs identified in Qingfei Paidu decoction, of which 100 276 were orally absorbed by humans. In the Qingre Huashi
Kangdu decoction, 124 026 small RNAs were detected, with 7484 being orally absorbed by rats. Logistical repression analysis revealed that absorbable plant small RNAs in both humans and rats presented higher expression levels, greater minimum free energy, and increased AU/UA frequencies compared to nonabsorbable plant small RNAs. The amount of MIR-6240 – 3 p in humans increased between 1 and 3 h after the administration of the Qingfei Paidu decoction. In addition, MIR-6240 – 3 p significantly reduced the RNA copy number and TCID50 of HCoV-229E in vitro. These results suggest that herbal decoction-borne plant small RNAs with a higher expression level, greater minimum free energy, or an increased AU/UA frequency are more likely to be orally absorbed and could potentially mediate cross-kingdom gene regulation.
Unexpected Side Products in the Large-Scale Preparation of 2,3-Dihydro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-1H-indene
Authors: Raev Vitaly , de Meijere Armin , Hopf Henning , Jones Peter G.
Published: January 2025

During the development of an optimized procedure for the synthesis of 2,3-dihydro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-1H-indene significant amounts of 5-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-1H-indene were formed, along with 5-tert-hexyl-2,3-dihydro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-1H-indene under certain conditions. The structures of 5-tert-hexyl-2,3-dihydro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-1H-indene and 5-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-1H-indene were established by spectroscopic means and confirmed by X-ray single-crystal structure determinations. The mechanism for the formation of 5-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-1H-indene is discussed.
Study on Self-Monitoring Method of Ankle Impedance
Authors: Huang Yijun , Luo Ruian , Xu Chen , Cheng Weigen , Su Hai , Xia Linglin
Published: January 2025

Objective The aim of the study was to analyze the self-monitoring ankle impedance measuring instrument for patients with heart failure and to evaluate the degree of ankle impedance variation in normal young people for three days.

Methods We developed a portable impedance measuring instrument based on AD5940 chip of ADI. The circuit composed of programmable alternating current (AC) voltage generator, digital signal processor, microcontroller, and related peripheral circuits. The four-line body impedance analysis measurement method was used, which was powered by two 1.5-V batteries, and a frequency of 50 kHz was selected to improve the measurement accuracy. The bioimpedance of the human body can be measured in the range of 0 to 2,000 Ω, and the phase range is –180 to + 180 degrees, both of which are accurate to two decimal places. Ten normal young volunteers were included, with an average age of 24.5 ± 1.3 years. The electrical impedance of the right ankle was measured in the sitting position, the supine position, and the standing position. Each posture was measured three times, and the variation of the ankle impedance was observed for three days at the same time point.

Results There was no significant difference in ankle impedance between the three positions of 10 volunteers in this group during the three days. The mean difference between the mean groups ranged from 6.14 to 9.53%, and the maximum difference was 9.53%. There was no significant correlation between ankle impedance and BMI in the three positions.

Conclusion Although there are some changes in the ankle impedance measured by the self-developed impedance tester within three days, it can still monitor the ankle impedance of normal young people relatively stably. This impedance meter may be used for home monitoring of ankle impedance in patients with heart failure.
Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Innsbruck RBD-9 diagnostic inventory (IRBD-9-TR)
Authors: Aslan-Kara Kezban , Ak Ayşın Kısabay , Sarıtaş Ayşegül Şeyma , Yılmaz Hikmet , Metin Kübra Mehel , Çokal Burcu Gökçe , Ağan Kadriye , Aksu Murat , Akyıldız Utku Oğan , Demir Aylin Bican , Çevik Betül , Ertürk Ahmet Yusuf , Karadeniz Derya , Öztura İbrahim , Sünter Gülin , Tekin Selma , Tezer İrsel , Berktaş Deniz Tuncel , Totik Nazlı , Şenel Gülçin Benbir
Published: January 2025

Background Isolated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is characterized by loss of the normal atonia of REM sleep accompanied by repetitive motor and behavior phenomena of dream content.

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the original form of the Innsbruck Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Diagnostic Inventory (IRBD-9) scale (IRBD-9-TR) and ensure that this screening test can be easily used in the Turkish language.

Methods The present is a multicenter and prospective study involving 184 patients: 51 with iRBD and 133 healthy controls. The iRBD patients were not diagnosed before submitted to video polysomnography (vPSG) and filling out the IRBD-9-TR.

Results The optimal cut-off value for the IRBD-9-TR symptom score was of 0.28, with a sensitivity of 0.941 and a specificity of 0.947, and 94.4% of the patients were correctly diagnosed. The rotated factor loadings for the diagnostic accuracy of each individual question showed that the short version of the IRBD-9-TR (questions 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8) presented higher specificity and excellent discrimination of iRBD patients from healthy controls. The Cronbach's α coefficient for the symptom section of the IRBD-9-TR was of 0.857, and the Kappa coefficient, of 0.885.

Conclusion The short version of the IRBD-9-TR presents good validity and reliability to be used as a screening test to assess iRBD patients. It is convenient and potentially useful in both outpatient clinical and epidemiologic research settings.
Percutaneous Transgastric Endoscopic Interventions
Authors: Jain Neil K. , Mir Aazrin , Nezami Nariman , Smirniotopoulos John B.
Published: January 2025

Gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary diseases are managed by various specialists, including gastroenterologists, surgeons, and interventional radiologists. Percutaneous cholangioscopy and endoscopy have immense potential within the field of interventional radiology (IR), especially given the unique ability to combine fluoroscopic guidance with direct visualization of internal structures. Transgastric endoscopy, in particular, is valuable for patients who already have established gastrostomy access or those unsuitable for surgery or traditional esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Cases of transgastric endoscopy have shown successful treatments for choledocolithiasis, duodenal collections, pancreatic leaks, and foreign body removal. As more research is conducted, percutaneous endoscopy could become an integrated part of various IR procedures, providing personalized treatment for patients who have exhausted conventional approaches.
Tradução e validação de conteúdo do Plastic Surgery Milestones Project 2.0 para a língua portuguesa
Authors: Verona Dunia , Ilgenfritz Antonio Pacheco , Souza Juliano Mendes de , Collares Carlos Fernando , Sakaki Daniel Yukio , Mennin Stewart , Pauli Beatriz Lanza
Published: January 2025

Introdução A avaliação das competências adquiridas durante a residência médica em cirurgia plástica permanece desafiante. O objetivo deste estudo foi validar o instrumento The Plastic Surgery Milestones Project 2.0, ferramenta utilizada para avaliar as competências desenvolvidas pelos médicos residentes em cirurgia plástica dos programas credenciados no Conselho de Acreditação de Cursos de Graduação em Educação Médica (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, ACGME, em inglês) dos Estados Unidos, para possibilitar o uso nos programas de residência médica em cirurgia plástica no Brasil.

Materiais e Métodos O processo envolveu autorização do ACGME, tradução do instrumento para o português, adaptação por especialistas em Cirurgia Plástica, validação do conteúdo com base em referencial teórico e retrotradução para avaliar a equivalência semântica.

Resultados Os resultados indicaram que o instrumento adaptado se manteve semelhante ao original após considerações e ajustes realizados pelos especialistas brasileiros. Com a retrotradução, avaliada tanto por um especialista em educação médica quanto pelo ACGME, precursor do instrumento, atestou-se a adequação da tradução, o que permitiu a validação do conteúdo do instrumento para o contexto da cirurgia plástica no Brasil. A semelhança entre as competências brasileiras e internacionais possibilitou essa adaptação bem-sucedida.

Conclusão A tradução e adaptação do instrumento Milestones para a cultura brasileira foi bem-sucedida, e manteve as propriedades psicométricas do original, com a versão adaptada pronta para aplicação, embora estudos adicionais sejam necessários para validar sua acurácia e confiabilidade nos programas brasileiros.
Comparative Radiological Outcomes of Stand-alone Cage versus Cage and Plate in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Moghamis Isam Sami , Alhammoud Abduljabbar , Elshoeibi Amgad M. , Abudalou Abedallah , Derbas Jawad , Alhardallo Mutaz Awad , Abdelsalam Salahuddeen , Baco Abdulmoeen
Published: January 2025

Background Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is one of the most commonly used techniques for neural decompression in degenerative cervical radiculopathy and cervical myelopathy. Controversies regarding the superiority of cage augmentation with anterior cervical plate remain, yet several surgeons are still performing ACDF with a stand-alone cage (ACDF-SA). Our study aimed to compare the radiological outcomes between the ACDF augmented with anterior cervical plate (ACDF-CPA) and ACDF-SA in single-level cervical degenerative disc disease.

Methods A retrospective data review was conducted for patients who underwent ACDF between January 2011 and December 2019. All adult patients who underwent single-level ACDF for cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy with at least 12 months of follow-up were included in the study. Patients who had a systemic infection, trauma injury, history of malignancy, inadequate radiographs, and less than 12 months of follow-up were excluded from the study. Radiological outcomes, including cage subsidence, fusion rate, and adjacent segment degeneration, were assessed by two senior orthopaedic spine fellows. Adjusted risk ratios were used to compare the radiological outcomes of ACDF-SA and ACDF-CPA, adjusting for age and gender.

Results A total of 43 patients were included. Among them, 58% of the patients underwent a stand-alone cage ACDF, while 42% had anterior cervical plate augmentation. The overall fusion rate at 6 months was 76%. The ACDF-SA group's fusion rate was 88%, while that of the ACDF-CPA group was 61%. At 12 months, the overall fusion rate was 81% and was comparable between the two groups. Cage subsidence and adjacent segment degeneration rates were similar between the groups at 6 and 12 months. Adjusted relative risk analysis showed a 50% higher probability of fusion at 6 months in the ACDF-SA group compared with the ACDF-CPA group (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–2.22) and a 22% higher probability at 12 months, though not statistically significant (95% CI: 0.90–1.64). Female gender was associated with higher fusion rates and lower subsidence risk at 12 months.

Conclusion Augmentation with the anterior cervical plate in ACDF did not show superiority to the conventional stand-alone cage in mono-segmental ACDF. Our study showed similar outcomes regarding cage subsidence, adjacent segment disease, and fusion rates at 12 months. However, the stand-alone cage achieved faster fusion at 6 months than the plate group.
An Innovative Technique of Reconstructing Combined Extensor Tendon Zone (z5 and z4) Defect, Utilizing an Adjacent Proximal (z6) Tendon, as a Distally Based Tendon Flip Flap, in the Index Finger
Authors: Mashalkar Narendra S. , Shiva Pooja Thoppal , Kattady Joseph
Published: January 2025

Delayed reconstruction of segmental extensor tendon defects of the hand has been described with auto-tendon grafting or by using local flaps harvested from the native tendon. These reconstructive techniques have been described in certain extensor tendon zones, mainly in zones 2, 4, and 5 of the hand. Borrowing auto-tendon grafts will have donor site morbidity. The use of available local tendon as flap may be considered, the tendon harvesting being done from a part of the native tendon from either proximal or distal location. The index and little fingers have the advantage of having two tendons to do the same function and hence these tendons may be utilized as a whole to our advantage as distally based tendon flip flap to reconstruct zone 4 and 5 extensor tendon defects with good functional outcomes.
Familial Polyposis and Colon Cancer
Authors: Jain Amit Kumar , Parikh Purvish , Dadhich Subash Chandra , Arora Anil , Kumar Mandhir , Ranjan Piyush , Bansal Naresh Kumar , Sharma Praveen , Aggarwal Shyam , Selvasekar C. , Rawat Saumitra
Published: January 2025

Familial adenomatous polyposis is an important hereditary risk factor for colon cancer. Such patients and families need special attention for prevention, early detection, and optimal treatment. Molecular testing is key to identify the specific mutation in the proband and can then make it easier to identify other family members at risk. Aggressive surveillance and colonoscopy will be indicated in most patients. Both colonic and extra-colonic manifestations are important. Chemoprevention is worth considering. Almost all patients will ultimately need colectomy. These details will be discussed in this review.
Neoadjuvant Treatment in Rectal Cancer
Authors: R. Srinath Bhradwaj , Sarin Aditya , Aggarwal Shyam , Halder Shikha , Hukku S. , Mustafa Taha , Arora Vijay , Malik V.K. , Singh Shivendra , Rao G.V. , Saklani Avinash , Bhojwani Rajesh , Rawat Saumitra , Selvasekar C. , Parikh Purvish
Published: January 2025

A major advance in rectal cancer was the evidence supporting short-course radiotherapy and long-course chemoradiotherapy. Both have been shown to improve local outcomes. Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) is the new kid on the block that provides further benefit of improving local responses as well as reducing systemic relapses, thus increasing overall survival. Details of the four key TNT trials are discussed. They pave the way for nonoperative management for patients who achieve clinical complete responses.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer: An Eternal Fire in a Beautiful Garden
Authors: Koyyala Venkata Pradeep Babu , Kantharia Chetan , Darooka Naitica , Kumar Mandhir , Ranjan Piyush , Anikhindi Shrihari , Bansal Naresh Kumar , Sharma Praveen , Bhalla Dr. V.P. , Kumar Manish , Sharma Mohit , Abrol Deepak , Sahni Peush , Ardhanari Ramesh , Pradeep R. , Yadav Amitabh , John Suviraj , Rawat Saumitra , Parikh Purvish , Selvasekar C. , Aggarwal Shyam
Published: January 2025

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, significantly increases the risk of colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Chronic inflammation, a key contributor to carcinogenesis, disrupts immune surveillance, induces deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, and alters genetic and epigenetic pathways. Molecular pathways such as STAT3, mTOR, and NF-κB drive CAC progression, while unique microbiome alterations—loss of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and increases in Escherichia coli and Fusobacterium species—exacerbate the inflammatory milieu. CAC accounts for 2% of all colon cancers and up to 15% of IBD-related deaths. Risk correlates with IBD duration, increasing approximately 1% annually after the first decade. Surveillance via colonoscopy is crucial, with chromoendoscopy recommended for high-risk cases. Preventive drugs, including aminosalicylates, thiopurines, and biologics, offer modest benefits but lack conclusive evidence. Post-CAC diagnosis, immunosuppressants are discontinued in favor of corticosteroids, with 5-aminosalicylates continued as needed. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors remains controversial due to exacerbation of colitis. Emerging insights into the gut microbiota's role in IBD and CAC may revolutionize prevention and management strategies. Advances in screening, surveillance, and therapeutic approaches have reduced CAC mortality, underscoring the importance of personalized medicine and ongoing research to address these complex conditions.
Unveiling Portal Vein Anatomy: Clinical Impact and Significance of Variants in Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Creation
Authors: Yancey Kristina , Ruddy Liane , Simmons Curtis L. , Crawford Daniel A. , Alzubaidi Sadeer , Naidu Sailen , Ozen Merve
Published: January 2025

An in-depth understanding of portal venous anatomy, particularly its variants, is essential for interventional radiologists performing complex hepatobiliary procedures such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation. Anatomical variations in the portal venous system occur in approximately 35% of the population, and failure to identify these variants can result in significant procedural complications including vascular injury and postprocedural liver failure. This article discusses the most common (types I–V) portal vein variants and the importance of their preprocedural identification, their potential impact on procedural outcomes, and the role of advanced imaging techniques in mitigating risks associated with these anatomical variations.
Determining the mechanical properties of AlN films using micromechanical membranes
Authors: Sommer Timo , Aditya  , Gross Rudolf , Althammer Matthias , Poot Menno
Published: January 2025

The mechanical properties of thin films can vary significantly due to variations in the deposition process. Monitoring these properties is essential when, e.g., engineering micro-mechanical devices. Established methods such as wafer bending and bulge testing provide only average values for the entire wafer or impose constraints on the sample fabrication process. Therefore, a method to efficiently characterize mechanical properties locally with simple sample fabrication is desirable. In this study, we determine the stress in direct-current magnetron-sputtered aluminum nitride films on prefabricated silicon nitride membranes by measuring the fundamental eigenfrequencies of the membranes and combining it with mechanical band structure simulations. We find that the stress, which is directly related to the strain, transitions from compressive to tensile as a function of the film thickness. Our simple and robust method allows in situ measurements that are compatible with existing nanofabrication techniques of, e.g., hybrid photonic circuits and can probe the stress locally over the chip.