bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Clustering and Matrix Based Computation for Big Data Dimensionality Reduction and Classification
Authors: Jijo Varghese  , P. Tamil Selvan
Published: September 2023

For higher dimensional or "Big Data (BD)" clustering and classification, the dimensions of documents have to be considered. The overhead of classifying methods might also be reduced by resolving the volumetric issue of documents. However, the dimensions of the shortened collection of documents might potentially generate noise and abnormalities. Previous noise and abnormality information removal strategies include several different approaches that have already been established throughout time. To increase classification accuracy, current classifications or new classification methods that has created to conduct classification, must deal with some of the most difficult issues in BD document categorization and clustering. Hence, the goals of this research are derived from the issues that can be solved only by expanding classification accuracy of classifiers. Superior clusters may also be achieved by using effective "Dimensionality Reduction (DR)". As the first step in this research, we introduce a unique DR approach that preserves word frequency in the document collection, allowing the classification algorithm to obtain improved (or) at least equal classification levels of accuracy with a lower dimensionality set of documents. When clustering "Word Patterns (WPs)" during "WP Clustering (WPC)", we imply a new WP "Similarity Function (SF)" for "Similarity Computation (SC)" to be used as part of WPC. DR of the document collection is accomplished with the use of information gained from various WP clusters. Finally, we provide "Similarity Measures" for SC of high dimensional texts and deliver SF for document classification and deliver SF for document classification. With assessment criteria like "Information-Ratio for Dimension-Reduction", "Accuracy", and "Recall", we discovered that the proposed method WP paired with SC (WP-SC) scaled extremely effectively to higher dimensional "Dataset’s (DS)" and surpasses the current technique AFO-MKSVM. According to the findings, the WP-SC approach produced more favorable outcomes than the LDA-SVM and AFO-MKSVM approaches.
A DEEP LEARNING MODEL FOR PNEUMONIA DETECTION FROM X-RAY IMAGES
Authors: Omarov Batyrkhan , Bazarkulova Inkar
Published: September 2023

The World Health Organization estimates that more than four million deaths oc- cur annually due to pneumonia and other diseases associated with air pollution, and the lat- est COVID-19 virus has dramatically increased the percentage of pneumonia cases. Over 150 million people get infected with pneumonia on an annual basis, especially children under 5 years old. There’s also a global shortage of radiologists in both developing and developed countries. Over 2/3 of people on earth do not have access to radiologists. According to the Association of American Medical Colleges, the U.S. is projected to have a shortage of 17,000 to 42,000 radiologists by 2033. Currently, the development of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies, as well as the accumulation of large volumes of medical images, make it possible to create automated systems for analyzing medical images. The article presents a simple sequential model based on deep learning methods (convolutional neural networks) that helps detect pneumonia. X-ray images of the Women’s and Children’s Medical Center in Guangzhou were used for the model. The development of the pneumonia diagnostic program was carried out in Python. Training the neural network took 26 minutes and 12 epochs. The results obtained in the test data are: recall: 96%; precision: 92%; accuracy: 92%; and f1: 94% for pneumonia cases. This is no less than the result proposed in many popular works. The mod- el significantly reduces the burden on radiologists, helps them make decisions and save time, allows them to evaluate the quality of their work, and reduces the likelihood of medical errors.
Pensar el cuerpo: relaciones entre filosofía, arte y territorio
Authors: Robles Uribe Gladys Elisa , Díaz Bernal Juan Guillermo , Alvarado Guatibonza Johann Sebastián
Published: September 2023

Pensar el cuerpo es el punto de encuentro interinstitucional entre los grupos de investi-gación Arte, Cultura y Territorio —de la Fundación Universitaria Juan de Castellanos [FUJDC]— y Filosofía, Sociedad y Educación —de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia [UPTC]—. Allí, las diferentes relaciones en el campo académico consolidan tres grandes líneas de trabajo: filosofía, arte contemporáneo y territorio. Según las búsquedas interminables sobre el fenómeno del cuerpo en las diferentes so-ciedades y culturas, se evidencia que la filosofía ha construido y ha fundamentado de maneras diferentes la diversidad humana. Al comprender el “cuerpo y filosofía”, los diversos campos y vivencias, para construir una experiencia dialógica entre el hombre y la sociedad; se hace nece-sario hoy entender cómo hemos sido constituidos como sujetos. Por lo tanto, de manera enfáti-ca, es necesario comprender la ontología del presente a partir de los filósofos contemporáneos.
Long-Term Changes in the Mortality Rates of Thyroid Cancer in Korea: Analysis of Korean National Data from 1985 to 2020
Authors: Choi Yun Mi , Kim Min-Ju , Lee Jiwoo , Kwak Mi Kyung , Jeon Min Ji , Kim Tae Yong , Hong Eun-Gyoung , Kim Won Bae , Kim Won Gu
Published: September 2023

Background: Thyroid cancer mortality has been largely overlooked as relatively stable given the large gap between thyroid cancer incidence and mortality. This study evaluated long-term trends in age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) throughout Korea and compared them with mortality data reported by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER).Methods: Cancer-specific mortality data from 1985 to 2020 were obtained from Statistics Korea. ASMRs from thyroid cancer were calculated based on the Korean mid-year resident registration population of 2005. We assessed SEER*Explorer and downloaded the mortality data.Results: The ASMR increased from 0.19 to 0.77/100,000 between 1985 and 2002 but decreased continuously to 0.36/100,000 in 2020. The annual percent change (APC) in the ASMR between 1985 and 2003 and between 2003 and 2020 was 6.204 and −4.218, respectively, with similar patterns observed in both men and women. The ASMR of the SEER showed a modest increase from 1988 to 2016 and then stabilized. In subgroup analysis, the ASMR of the old age group (≥55 years) increased significantly from 0.82 in 1985 to 3.92/100,000 in 2002 (APC 6.917) but then decreased again to 1.86/100,000 in 2020 (APC −4.136). ASMRs according to the age group in the SEER showed a relatively stable trend even in the elderly group.Conclusion: The ASMR of thyroid cancer in Korea had increased from 1985 to 2002 but has since been steadily decreasing. This trend was mainly attributed to elderly people aged 55 or over. The absolute APC value of Korea was much higher than that of the SEER.
The Effect of Enzyme Concentration and Hydrolysis Time on the Yield of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Rice Straw
Authors: Silvia Sri , Maharani Amalina
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of enzyme concentration and hydrolysis time on the yield of microcrystalline cellulose, and to determine whether the results of microcrystalline cellulose examination met the requirements of the British Pharmacopoeia and the United States Pharmacopoeia . The pretreatment process was carried out chemically using 96% alcohol, sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide. The hydrolysis process was carried out enzymatically using the cellulase enzyme produced by the fungus Trichoderma viride , with variations in enzyme concentration of 5, 10 and 15% v/v for 0.5, 1 and 1.5 hours respectively. The highest yield of microcrystalline cellulose was produced from the hydrolysis process with a cellulase enzyme concentration of 5% v/v for 1.5 hours. Based on the two-way ANOVA test, it is known that the enzyme concentration and hydrolysis time have no significant effect on the yield of microcrystalline cellulose. Examination of organoleptic, identification, pH, water solubility, drying shrinkage, and starch absence test showed that the resulting microcrystalline cellulose complied with the requirements of the British Pharmacopoeia and the United States Pharmacopoeia.
“CREATIVE PLACEMAKING”: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOSTERING SOCIAL COHESION IN COMMUNITY SPACES WITHIN RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Dash Shanta Pragyan , Thilagam N. Lakshmi
Published: September 2023

There has been research on the significance of placemaking as a process for user health and well-being and how that affects their way of life in urban planning and development. Creative placemaking, one of the most effective paradigms for making social sustainability, lacks community attributes for social cohesion in planning and design techniques for community spaces, which is the focus of the study. A conceptual model for the inclusion of the concept of creative placemaking in community open spaces to enhance social cohesion in residential environments are proposed in this study. The study employs a qualitative approach to determine the elements and indicators of creative place placemaking considering placemaking as a social process. Community open spaces in a residential neighbourhood were shown to be developing creative placemaking indicators based on theoretical Research VIZ: a) place attachment, b) connection to nature, c) sense of place, d) place memory, e) happy place mapping, and f) image and identity that altogether significantly could contribute towards effective social cohesion in these spaces.
HUMAN CREATIVITY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE PROJECT PANDEMIC OBJECTS AS AN EXAMPLE OF SOCIOLOGICAL REFLECTIONS ON DESIGN
Authors: Rojek-Adamek Paulina
Published: September 2023

This article proposes to look at how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the valuation of the world of material culture, and how the subject itself can become an inspiration to describe this particular time. Naive anthropomorphism, and thus criticism of the view of the superior role of human, although present for many years, has taken on a new meaning at this particular time. As a theoretical framework for presenting the proposed issues, I adopt the reference to the interpretation of the concept of an “object” present in the social sciences and humanities, as well as the role of designers and the explication of design in the literature. The picture will be complemented by a reference to the Pandemic Objects project, implemented in 2020 by the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, United Kingdom.
Relationship of Transport Coefficients with Statistical Quantities of Charged Particles
Authors: Wang J. F. , Qin G.
Published: September 2023

In previous studies, a general spatial transport equation was derived from the Fokker–Planck equation. The latter equation contains an infinite number of spatial derivative terms T

n
= κ

nz
∂
n

F/∂z

n
with n = 1, 2, 3, ⋯ . Due to the complexity of the general equation, some simplified equations with finitely many spatial derivative terms have been used by astrophysical researches, e.g., the diffusion equation, the hyperdiffusion equation, subdiffusion transport equation, etc. In this paper, the simplified transport equations with the spatial derivative terms up to the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth order are listed, and their transport coefficient formulas are derived, respectively. We find that most of the transport coefficients are determined by the corresponding statistical quantities. In addition, we find that the well-known statistical quantities, the skewness



and the kurtosis



, are determined by some transport coefficients. The results can help one to use various transport coefficients determined by the statistical quantities, including many that are relatively newfound in this paper, to study charged particle parallel transport processes.
Diversity and composition of flower-visiting insects and related factors in three fruit tree species
Authors: Nakamura Shoko , Taki Hisatomo , Arai Tomonori , Funayama Ken , Furihata Shunsuke , Furui Yuki , Ikeda Takamasa , Inoue Hiromitsu , Kagawa Kiyohiko , Kishimoto Hidenari , Kohyama Mitsuko , Komatsu Michiyo , Konuma Akihiro , Nakada Ken , Nakamura Suguru , Sawamura Nobuo , Sonoda Shoji , Sueyoshi Masahiro , Toda Seishi , Yaginuma Katsuhiko , Yamamoto Shunsuke , Yoshida Koki , Yokoi Tomoyuki , Toyama Masatoshi
Published: September 2023

Animal-mediated pollination is an essential ecosystem service for the production of many fruit trees. To reveal the community composition of flower-visiting wild insects which potentially contribute to fruit production and to examine the effects of geographic location, local meteorological conditions and locally introduced domesticated pollinators on them, we investigated the community composition of insects visiting the flowers (hereafter, “visitors”) of apple, Japanese pear and Oriental persimmon for 1‒3 years at 20 sites around Japan. While most of the variation (82%) of the community composition was explained by tree species with a slight contribution by geographic distance (2%), maximum temperature and tree species contributed 62% and 41% of the variation in total abundance of the visitors, respectively. Though the dominant families of the visitors varied spatiotemporally, the community composition of the visitors of apple and Japanese pear clearly differed from that of Oriental persimmon. While Andrenidae and Syrphidae together accounted for 46%‒64% of the visitors of apple and Japanese pear, Apidae represented 57% of the visitors of Oriental persimmon. The taxonomic richness, diversity and evenness of the visitors were best predicted by locally introduced domesticated pollinators and local meteorological conditions of wind speed and maximum temperature. Amongst these selected factors, locally introduced domesticated pollinators could have the largest impact. It seemed to be strongly related to the reduction of taxonomic richness, diversity and evenness of the visitors, accounting for 41‒89% of the variation. Results suggested that the community composition and total abundance of potential pollinators were predominantly determined by tree species and temperature, but locally introduced domesticated pollinators could have a determinantal pressure on the taxonomic diversity of the community.
The Role of the OLS Program in the Development of echinopscis (an Extensible Notebook for Open Science on Specimens)
Authors: Nicolson Nicky , Lucas Eve
Published: September 2023

Starting in early 2022, biodiversity informatics researchers at Kew have been developing echinopscis: an "extensible notebook for open science on specimens". This aims to build on the early experiments that our community conducted with "e-taxonomy": the development of tools and techniques to enable taxonomic research to be conducted online. Early e-taxonomic tools (e.g., Scratchpads Smith et al. 2011) had to perform a wide range of functions, but in the past decade or so the move towards open science has built better support for generic functionality, such as reference management (Zotero) and document production (pandoc), skills development in automation and revision control to support reproducible science, as documented by the Turing Way (The Turing Way Community 2022), and an awareness of the importance of community building. We have developed echinopscis at Kew via a cross-departmental collaboration between researchers in biodiversity informatics and accelerated taxonomy. We have also benefitted from valuable input and advice from our many colleagues in associated projects and organisations around the world.

OLS (originally Open Life Sciences) is a training and mentoring program for Open Science leaders with a focus on community building. The name was recently (2023) made more generic—"Open Seeds"—whilst retaining their well-known acronym "OLS"*1. OLS is a 16-week cohort-based mentoring program. Participants apply to join a cohort with a project that is developed through the 16 weeks. Each week of the syllabus alternates between time with a dedicated Open Science mentor and cohort calls, which are used to develop skills in project design, community building, open development & licencing, and inclusivity. Over 500 practitioners, experts and learners have participated across the seven completed cohorts of OLS' Open Seeds training and mentoring. Through this programme, over 300 researchers and open leaders from across six continents have designed, lauched and supported 200 projects from different disciplines worldwide. The next cohort will run between September 2023 and January 2024, and will be the eighth iteration of the program.

This talk will briefly outline the work that we have done to setup and experiment with echinopscis, but will focus on the impact that the OLS program has had in its development. We will also include the use of techniques learned through OLS in other biodiversity informatics projects. OLS acknowledges that their program receives relatively few applications from project leads in biodiversity and we hope that this talk will be informative for Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) participants and can be used to build productive links between these communities.
Taxonomic reappraisal of the European fauna of the bark beetle genus Cryphalus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)
Authors: Justesen Mathias Just , Hansen Aslak Kappel , Knížek Miloš , Lindelow Åke , Solodovnikov Alexey , Ravn Hans Peter
Published: September 2023

Species in the genus Cryphalus are small and notoriously difficult to identify. Even among the relatively well studied European species, erroneous identifications are evident from literature and in museum collections. These misidentifications relate to the small size and similar appearance of Cryphalus species but they are also a product of insufficient diagnostic characters. This is especially unfortunate since some European species are considered pests. Based on the study of more than 1000 specimens and a thorough literature review, robust morphological and molecular evidence supporting all five hitherto recognised native species of Cryphalus in Europe is provided. A key for the reliable identification of these repetition species including new diagnostic characters recognised for the first time, including those from male genitalia, has been constructed. Each native species is provided with a detailed morphological description and their economic significance, distribution, and ecology discussed. Significant genetic variability is observed between certain clusters that should be further explored in a broader geographic context. Lastly, the need for a taxonomic revision of the genus Cryphalus for the entire Palearctic region due to the presence of many similar looking species which are often confused, thus distorting the knowledge of each species is highlighted.
Quand l’idéal démocratique ne résiste pas : ethnographie d’un conflit insurmontable en milieu militant
Authors: De Pietro Célia
Published: September 2023

Cet article explore les difficultés de maintenir un idéal démocratique lors de désaccords profonds sur des questions telles que l’inclusivité en partant d’un conflit interne au sein du groupe militant lausannois (CH) d’Extinction Rebellion (XR). Ce conflit a figé le mouvement, limitant les débats et les possibilités de résolution collective des problèmes en résultant. À partir d’observations ethnographiques, cet article revient sur les obstacles rencontrés par XR Lausanne empêchant ses activistes de s’engager dans un débat fertile. Malgré de nombreux efforts, c’est le groupe tout entier qui se retrouve piégé entre deux camps irréconciliables. Dans ces conditions, est-il possible de continuer à résister ensemble ?
Chapitre 12. Impact sociétal et éthique de la thérapie cellulaire et des biotechnologies
Authors: Jorgensen Christian
Published: September 2023

La thérapie cellulaire s’impose dans de nombreux domaines dont l’oncologie avec les CAR-T ou dans la médecine régénératrice des maladies cardiovasculaires, le diabète ou les affections musculo-squelettiques avec les cellules stromales mésenchymateuses. Ces cellules thérapeutiques sont appelées médicaments de thérapie innovante (MTI) et regroupent l’ensemble des procédés incluant des cellules manipulées pour obtenir une reprogrammation (les iPS), induire une expression génique ou par édition du génome pour modifier l’expression d’un gène. Le développement de nouveaux supports en biomatériaux qui peuvent être imprimés en 3D et prendre la forme souhaitée du tissus cible avant d’être colonisés par les éléments cellulaires nécessaires à leurs fonctions biologiques et remplacer l’organe défaillant. L’ensemble de ces nouvelles technologies est générateur d’innovation et du développement des bio-médicaments de demain. Ces nouvelles biothérapies vont profondément modifier la prise en charge des patients dans tous les domaines, changer les pratiques médicales mais avec un impact sociétal considérable. Ainsi le développement et la recherche clinique sur les biothérapies cellulaires constituent des enjeux essentiels en santé mais avec un impact éthique, sociétal et économique majeur.
L’articulation oral-écrit dans les dispositifs d’enseignement de la production de récits au primaire
Authors: Blanc Anne-Claire , Gagnon Roxane , Colognesi Stéphane
Published: September 2023

Dans cette contribution, les auteurs analysent plusieurs supports destinés aux enseignants, qui proposent des dispositifs d’enseignement visant la production de récits chez de jeunes élèves. Ils s’intéressent en premier lieu à caractériser les dispositifs selon le type de récit qu’ils travaillent et le traitement qu’ils accordent à l’oral et à l’écrit. Les fruits de l’analyse visent, dans un second temps, à dessiner les contours d’une étude expérimentale dont l’objectif est de mesurer les effets d’un enseignement conjoint du récit oral et écrit sur les compétences en narration écrites des élèves.
Une approche géographique des lignes au pays des textures. L’exemple de Camopi en Guyane
Authors: Glon Éric
Published: September 2023

Cet article s’intéresse au sens que nous pouvons donner aux lignes et plus précisément aux textures amérindiennes et aux délimitations issues de politiques coloniales et postcoloniales. En nous appuyant sur l’exemple de Camopi, une commune de l’intérieur de la Guyane peuplée essentiellement par les peuples Wayãpi et Teko, nous nous demandons si ces délimitations peuvent être à la base d’une intermédiation territoriale en intégrant les textures amérindiennes.
La réception de Marxisme et théorie de la personnalité en RDA
Authors: Quétier Jean
Published: September 2023

L’objectif de cet article est d’étudier la réception des travaux de Lucien Sève sur la psychologie de la personnalité dans la RDA du début des années 1970. Il revient d’abord sur le contexte qui permet d’expliquer l’accueil favorable que ses thèses y ont rencontré. Il évoque ensuite les débats autour de la définition du concept de personnalité. Enfin, il présente les discussions portant sur le parallélisme entre concepts économiques et concepts psychologiques dans Marxisme et théorie de la personnalité .
Peut-on comprendre le sceptique ?
Authors: Thébert Angélique
Published: September 2023

Supposons un sceptique qui doute qu’il ait deux mains. Je montre tout d’abord que si on le compare au fou, cela coupe court à toute tentative de le comprendre. La raison en est non pas qu’il ne partage pas les mêmes croyances-charnières que nous, mais qu’il n’effectue aucun partage entre des croyances-charnières et des croyances susceptibles d’être révisées. Puis je propose un autre modèle à partir duquel le discours d’un sceptique peut apparaître comme intelligible : le modèle de la compréhension interculturelle. Dans ce cadre, un sceptique n’est intelligible que s’il adhère à un système partagé de distribution entre des croyances-charnières et des croyances révisables, quand bien même il n’a pas les mêmes croyances-charnières que nous.
Les paradoxes du meurtre familial
Authors: Dessez Patrick , Benzemma Sonia , Payen Françoise
Published: September 2023

Les auteurs s’appuient sur deux situations cliniques de psychothérapie conjugale et d’expertise psychologique pour montrer comment le fantasme de meurtre est présent dans certaines organisations familiales narcissiques paradoxales. Les violences psychologiques ou physiques conjugales et familiales sont précédées ou accompagnées de la mise en place d’organisations psychiques familiales qui mobilisent les fantasmes de violence et de meurtre et elles instituent le passage par l’acte comme modalité de communication.
Les représentations sociales du repas gastronomique
Authors: Cardinale Bruno
Published: September 2023

La découverte d’un pays passe par celle de sa gastronomie, faisant du repas un espace au sein duquel se décryptent les besoins physiologiques de l’Homme, mais aussi ses croyances, ses représentations, ses valeurs, et sa culture. Faisant l’éloge de la table au travers de ses célèbres aphorismes, Brillat-Savarin avançait déjà l’idée selon laquelle «  les animaux se repaissent ; l’Homme mange  ». Consciente des enjeux liés à la gastronomie Française, la Mission Française du Patrimoine et des Cultures Alimentaires porta le projet du classement du repas gastronomique des Français (RGF) sur la liste du patrimoine culturel immatériel de l’humanité. Le processus impliqua une définition du RGF qui ne fit pas l’objet d’un consensus. La question demeure : qu’est-ce qu’un repas gastronomique ? Nous avons interrogé 424 Français : dans cet article, nous étudions et classons leurs représentations du repas gastronomique pour mieux en préciser le concept et les orientations.
Pollution de l’air, incidence et surmortalité a l’heure de la COVID-19 : cas des départements français
Authors: Barois Brice , Ben Saad Myriam , Houanti L’Hocine , Kertous Mourad
Published: September 2023

Cet article s’intéresse aux effets de la pollution atmosphérique sur les taux d’incidence et de surmortalité liés à la COVID-19 dans 96 départements français. L’analyse exploratoire montre une certaine hétérogénéité et autocorrélation spatiale du virus et de ses conséquences. Nos résultats indiquent d’une part, que la pollution atmosphérique joue un rôle de catalyseur du taux d’incidence, toutefois, ces particules fines (PM2,5) ne présentent pas d’effets significatifs sur le taux de surmortalité. D’autre part, la taille et la part des résidences principales dans l’offre de logements départementale ainsi que la densité démographique impactent significativement le taux d’incidence. JEL classification: I10, Q53, R11, R12, R15.
Quelle place pour les sociétés de capitaux dans l’économie sociale et solidaire ? Analyse du choix de leur intégration par le législateur français
Authors: Baudet Isabelle , Cuénoud Thibault
Published: September 2023

Dans un contexte de crise systémique, l’économie sociale et solidaire a montré sa capacité à s’adapter et à résister en adoptant un modèle alternatif à la logique capitaliste dominante. Aussi, les gouvernants ont compris l’importance qu’il y avait à encourager et donc à soutenir financièrement les acteurs de ce secteur, porteur de richesses et d’emplois. Il convient alors de délimiter juridiquement le champ de l’économie sociale et solidaire afin d’identifier les bénéficiaires des moyens qu’il convient de mettre en place au déploiement de cette nouvelle économie. En France, la loi sur l’ESS adoptée le 31 juillet 2014 a posé pour la première fois les bases d’une reconnaissance juridique à ce secteur que le gouvernement français ne pouvait plus ignorer en raison de son poids croissant dans l’économie nationale. La création d’une structure juridique unique et homogène de l’entreprise de l’économie sociale et solidaire à l’instar de ce qui s’est fait dans certains pays d’Europe a été d’emblée écartée au profit d’une définition construite à partir d’une élaboration des critères communs aux acteurs de l’économie sociale et solidaire. Toutefois, la grande nouveauté de cette réforme réside incontestablement dans le choix politique d’ouvrir le périmètre de l’économie sociale et solidaire aux sociétés commerciales. Cet article propose d’analyser dans un premier temps le choix de cette intégration, encouragé par un contexte d’initiatives normatives de plus en plus prégnant sur le nouveau rôle assigné aux sociétés capitalistiques. Puis, nous examinerons la place que la loi réserve à ces nouvelles sociétés de l’économie sociale et solidaire.
O problema da Individuação nas substâncias corpóreas e a solução de Tomás de Aquino
Authors: Contarato Thiago S. R.
Published: September 2023

Este artigo apresentará a noção de “individual” de acordo com a filosofia de Tomás de Aquino buscando identificar os problemas que envolvem esta noção. Primeiro, como uma introdução, observamos esta noção de modo geral em algumas teorias filosóficas, mas depois adentramos propriamente na filosofia de Tomás de Aquino. Apenas a individuação da substância corpórea será apresentada, pois Tomás tem uma teoria diferente para a substância incorpórea, tal como os anjos, Deus e as almas separadas. Assim, a teoria de Tomás afirma que o princípio de individuação é a matéria assinalada, mas tal matéria assinalada é aquela que é considerada como tendo dimensões determinadas. Nossa principal preocupação será identificar o que significa a expressão “dimensões determinadas”. Usaremos uma explicação pouco habitual para esclarecer este problema. Uma vez que Tomás afirma que, no hilemorfismo, a matéria recebe o ser da forma, defenderemos que existe um conjunto de propriedades da matéria que recebe o ser a partir da forma.
Using Artificial Intelligence for Retail Value Chain
Authors: Burakhanova Aigerim , Baizhaxynova Gulshat , Duisebayeva Aizhan , Davletova Maira , Nurakhova Botagoz
Published: September 2023

The present study aims to prove hypotheses regarding artificial intelligence integration in retail value chains in the post-Soviet economic space. Hypotheses were proven within a comprehensive research project based on the use of quantitative research methods (questionnaires), which allowed studying the opinions of 512 retail managers in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Tajikistan. A specially designed questionnaire eliminated ambiguity in results interpretation by including both simple closed questions with a single choice and questions using a Likert scale. All the formulated hypotheses were proven, leading to the conclusion that the retail market of the post-Soviet economic space is not ready for the introduction of robotization and full automation of retail stores. The study results can be used by retail managers in the post-Soviet economic space as they choose the direction of artificial intelligence integration.
MusREL
Authors: Zhu Zhen , Lin Huaiyuan , Gu Dongmei , Wang Liting , Wu Hong , Fang Yun
Published: September 2023

In order to enhance the utility of online educational digital resources, the authors propose a practical and efficient multi-strategy relation extraction (RE) model in online education scenarios. First, the effective relation discrimination model is used to make relation predictions for non-structured teaching resources and eliminate the noise data. Then, they extract relations from different path strategies using multiple low-computational resources and efficient relation extraction strategies and use their proposed multi-strategy weighting calculator to weigh the relation extraction strategies to derive the final target relations. To cope with the low-resource relation extraction scenario, the relation extraction results are complemented by using prompt learning with a big model paradigm. They also consider the model to serve the commercial scenario of online education, and they propose a global rate controller to adjust and adapt the rate and throughput requirements in different scenarios, so as to achieve the best balance of system stability, computation speed, and extraction performance.
Reverse Traceability Framework for Identifying Liability of Crashes for Self-Driving Vehicles Using Blockchains
Authors: Gupta Samar , Verma Jitendra Kumar
Published: September 2023

Modern vehicles are increasingly having a higher level of technology and automation. Humans are increasingly becoming dependent on these modern technologies to take decisions related to their lives and safety. Such an increasing dependence on automation raises an important question. If an autonomous vehicle (AV) meets an accident, who will be responsible? It is not the human driver, but technology that makes those crucial decisions on the road. This question is attracting considerable attention in the insurance industry because traditional vehicle insurance is based on the liability of human drivers, but in the future, vehicle technology will replace human drivers. Therefore, the vehicle manufacturer or one of its suppliers may be held responsible for the accident. This paper presents a crash liability identification framework that can identify who is liable if there is a crash or an accident of an autonomous self-driving vehicle. The use cases demonstrate that the proposed framework can be used by regulators to efficiently identify the liable party when an AV crashes.
Factors Influencing the Willingness to Accept Health Behavior and Psychological Monitoring Systems in the Milieu of Information Management Technology
Authors: Li Na , Guan Chongyuan , Huang Xuefeng , Zhen Qinfang , Wang Anni , Dai Xin , Zhang Yuanyuan
Published: September 2023

With the continuous development of information technology and information management systems, they are widely and successfully used in practice. Health behavior and psychological monitoring systems are a breakthrough in the technological transformation of the therapeutic field. It is widely used in the field of healing and health care with its characteristics of convenience, quickness, accuracy, and timeliness. In this study, 466 valid samples were collected by questionnaires from students. The results show that effort expectation, community influence, and convenience have a positive effect on the health behaviors monitored by the health behavior and psychological monitoring systems of school students, and the three factors indirectly influence the behavioral intention through influencing the perceived value, learning willingness, and perceived trust and then affect the actual behavior. Based on the analysis results of this research, the authors provide research and management recommendations for health behavior and psychological monitoring systems operators and researchers in related fields.
Female but Not Male Mice Deficient in Soluble IgM Are Susceptible to Chemically Induced Glomerular Injury
Authors: Whelan Russell , Feemster Andrew , Laskowski Jennifer , Renner Brandon , Kulik Liudmila , Poppelaars Felix , Lee Cameron , Holers V Michael , Thurman Joshua M
Published: September 2023

B cell–targeted therapies are effective for treating multiple different kidney diseases in humans and also protect mice from Adriamycin nephropathy. Because glomerular IgM is frequently seen in both humans and mice with “nonimmune” forms of glomerular disease, we hypothesized that natural IgM binds to epitopes displayed in the injured glomerulus, exacerbating injury. To test this hypothesis, we induced Adriamycin nephropathy in BALB/C mice that cannot secrete soluble IgM (sIgM−/− mice) and compared them with BALB/C controls. Contrary to our prediction, we found that female sIgM−/− mice developed higher mortality and more severe kidney injury after injection of Adriamycin. The absence of soluble IgM did not reduce glomerular complement activation, and IgG was seen deposited within the injured glomeruli. Furthermore, we discovered that female sIgM−/− mice have higher levels of anti-cardiolipin IgG, and that IgG from these mice binds to epitopes in the injured kidney. These findings indicate that natural IgM may prevent generation of autoreactive IgG. Circulating levels of anti-cardiolipin IgG decreased after induction of kidney injury in female mice, consistent with deposition of the Abs in injured tissues. Better understanding of the mechanisms by which the immune system modulates and amplifies kidney injury may enable the development of targeted therapies to slow kidney disease progression.
Effect of local anesthetic volume (20 vs. 40 ml) on the analgesic efficacy of costoclavicular block in arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jo Yumin , Oh Chahyun , Lee Woo-Yong , Chung Hyung-Jin , Park Hanmi , Park Juyeon , Lee Jieun , Kim Yoon-Hee , Ko Youngkwon , Chung Woosuk , Hong Boohwi
Published: September 2023

Background: Among the various diaphragm-sparing alternatives to interscalene block, costoclavicular block (CCB) demonstrated a low hemidiaphragmatic paresis (HDP) occurrence but an inconsistent analgesic effect in arthroscopic shoulder surgery. We hypothesized that a larger volume of local anesthetic for CCB could provide sufficient analgesia by achieving sufficient supraclavicular spreading.Methods: Sixty patients scheduled for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were randomly assigned to receive CCB using one of two volumes of local anesthetic (CCB20, 0.75% ropivacaine 20 ml; CCB40, 0.375% ropivacaine 40 ml). The primary outcome was the rate of complete analgesia (0 on the numeric rating scale of pain) at 1 h postoperatively. The secondary outcomes included a sonographic assessment of local anesthetic spread, diaphragmatic function, pulmonary function, postoperative opioid use, and other pain-related experiences within 24 h postoperatively. Results: The rates of complete analgesia were not significantly different (23.3% [7/30] and 33.3% [10/30] in the CCB20 and CCB40 groups, respectively; risk difference 10%, 95% CI [–13, 32], P = 0.567). There were no significant differences in other pain-related outcomes. Among the clinical factors considered, the only factor significantly associated with postoperative pain was the sonographic observation of supraclavicular spreading. There were no significant differences in the incidence of HDP and the change in pulmonary function between the two groups.Conclusions: Using 40 ml of local anesthetic does not guarantee supraclavicular spread during CCB. Moreover, it does not result in a higher rate of complete analgesia compared to using 20 ml of local anesthetic in arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
Saying no to SARS-CoV-2: the potential of nitric oxide in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Zhang Honghua , Zhang Chen , Hua Wenyan , Chen Jing
Published: September 2023

Nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous free radical produced from L-arginine catalyzed by NO synthase, functions as an important signaling molecule in the human body. Its antiviral activity was confirmed in the 1990s, and has been studied more extensively since the outbreak of the SARS pandemic in 2003. In the fight against the ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, some recent studies have revealed the potential of NO in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The progress in this field, including several noteworthy clinical trials of inhaled NO for the treatment of COVID-19 and the emergency approval of NO nasal spray by the regulatory agencies of Israel, Bahrain, Thailand and Indonesia for the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia, offers a new perspective for addressing the raging coronavirus infection and greatly broadens the clinical application of NO therapy. This review aims to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of NO-based therapy against SARS-CoV-2, including direct viral inhibition, immune regulation, and protection against pulmonary and cardiovascular symptoms. Furthermore, the potential therapeutic applications of inhaled NO, NO donors and drugs involved in the NO pathway are discussed. In the context of a global vaccination campaign and newly proposed strategy of “coexistence with COVID-19,” the advantages of NO therapies as symptomatic and adjuvant treatments are expected to deliver breakthroughs in the treatment of COVID-19.
Prevalence, Patterns, and Predictors of Tobacco Consumption among Adolescents: An Observational Study from a Rural area of Rajasthan
Authors: Gupta Ajay , Grover Somya , Sakrawal Komal , Kumar Abhishek , Meena Sadhana , Rathore Monika , Kumawat Pragya
Published: September 2023

Background:

The prevalence of smoking cigarettes among adolescents in India is nearly one in 10, and almost half of them initiate tobacco use before turning 10 years old. Our study objective was to assess the prevalence of tobacco consumption and the sociodemographic factors associated with tobacco consumption among adolescents in a rural area of Rajasthan.

Materials and Methods:

This community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 1 year from April 2021 to March 2022 in village Naila, Jaipur. All 1083 adolescents of village Naila were contacted; however, 1049 were included in the study. Multivariate logistic regression (forward likelihood model) was used to assess the strength of the association of risk factors for the consumption of tobacco.

Results:

A considerable proportion, that is, 22.4% (235/1049), of adolescents were tobacco consumers. Out of 235 consumers, 104 were smokers, 65 were consuming smokeless tobacco, and 66 were consuming both forms of tobacco. In multivariate analysis, age, sex, grade of participants, pocket money, family history of tobacco and alcohol consumption, maternal education, and per capita income were found to be significant predictors of tobacco consumption (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Tobacco consumption is highly common in Rajasthan’s rural adolescent population, and it begins at a very young age. Hence, corrective measures need to be initiated in an early stage of life. To reduce the impact of social norms, peer pressure, and family members who consume tobacco, the behavioral change communication activities must be strengthened.
A Community Trial in Coastal Karnataka using Life Style Modifications to Assess its Impact on Hypertension and Diabetes
Authors: Kundapur Rashmi , Modi Bhavesh , Rashmi Anusha , Mendagudli Roopa R. , Sunhitha V , Saxena Deepak
Published: September 2023

Introduction:

In the management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, a systematic response like modifications in lifestyles is needed along with the medication. The study was conducted to determine the impact of comprehensive lifestyle modifications on hypertension and diabetes and to compare it with that of physical activity alone as a health education intervention.

Materials and Method:

A risk factor-based community intervention trial was conducted for one year in 3 villages in coastal Karnataka. The sample of 305 was calculated depending on the expected change in blood pressure and an equal sample size was drawn from each of the villages using a systematic random sampling method. Baseline data on blood pressure level, random blood sugar, and HbA1c levels were recorded. After 1 year of intervention, all the parameters were further recorded along with the adherence to medication for these non-communicable diseases.

Results:

The mean difference between the groups suggested that participants with physical activity intervention reported a statistically significant reduction in systolic blood pressure. In the comprehensive lifestyle modification group, there was a significant reduction in both diastolic blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin levels (21 mmHg and 2.1%; p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The study indicates that in the management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, the impact of comprehensive lifestyle modifications was more significant compared to physical activity alone.
Enhancing Medical Diagnosis with AI: A Focus on Respiratory Disease Detection
Authors: Sharma Sachin , Pandey Siddhant , Shah Dharmesh
Published: September 2023

Background:

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing medical diagnosis and healthcare, providing constant support to medical practitioners. Intelligent systems alleviate workload pressure while optimizing practitioner performance. AI and deep learning have also improved medical imaging and audio analysis.

Material and Methods:

This research focuses on predicting respiratory diseases using audio recordings from an electronic stethoscope. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained on a Respiratory Sound Database, augmented to generate 1,428 audio files. Techniques such as pitch shifting, time stretching, noise addition, time and frequency masking, dynamic range compression, and resampling were employed to increase the diversity and size of the training data.

Result:

Features were extracted from mono audio files, creating a four layer CNN with 90% accuracy. The software, developed using the CNN model and Streamlit python library, offers a new tool for early and accurate diagnosis, reducing the burden on medical practitioners and enhanci ng their performance. The study highlights AI’s potential in respiratory disease detection through audio analysis.

Conclusion:

The software, developed using the CNN model and Streamlit python library, offers a new tool for early and accurate diagnosis, reducing the burden on medical practitioners and enhancing their performance.
Protective Effects of Oxytocin and Progesterone on Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathy in Rats
Authors: Ekici Mehmet , Balkaya1 Muharrem
Published: September 2023

Objective:

Paclitaxel (Ptx), used to treat cancer, still causes neuropathic pain and peripheral neuropathy today. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of progesterone (Pg) and oxytocin (Oxy) on peripheral neuropathy rat model induced by Ptx.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 38 male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups, e.g., control (n = 6), Ptx (n = 8), Ptx + Oxy (n = 8), Ptx + Pg (n = 8), and Ptx + Oxy + Pg (n = 8). The rats were monitored daily for body weight change throughout the experiment. To evaluate peripheral neuropathy, electroneuromyography measurements (latency, amplitude, and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV)) were recorded from the sciatic nerve innervating the gastrocnemius muscle. Sciatic nerve tissue samples were collected for histopathological evaluation.

Results:

Ptx led to significant reductions in body weight from day 6 (P < 0.05). There was no difference between groups in the distal latency and amplitudes (P > 0.05). Proximal latency was prolonged in Ptx group rats than in other groups (P < 0.05). Importantly, it was found that MNCV was higher in the Ptx + Pg group than Ptx, Ptx + Oxy, and Ptx + Oxy + Pg groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, Pg-administered rats had the lowest nerve degeneration compared to rats administered Oxy and Oxy + Pg (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The present findings suggest that Pg has a protective effect on peripheral neuropathy induced by Ptx in rat.
On some multiplicative properties of large difference sets
Authors: Shkredov Ilya D.
Published: September 2023

In our paper, we study multiplicative properties of difference sets
$A-A$
for large sets
$A \subseteq {\mathbb {Z}}/q{\mathbb {Z}}$
in the case of composite q. We obtain a quantitative version of a result of A. Fish about the structure of the product sets
$(A-A)(A-A)$
. Also, we show that the multiplicative covering number of any difference set is always small.
The symplectic cohomology of magnetic cotangent bundles
Authors: Groman Yoel , Merry Will J.
Published: September 2023

We construct a family version of symplectic Floer cohomology for magnetic cotangent bundles, without any restrictions on the magnetic form, using the dissipative method for compactness introduced by Groman (2023). As an application, we deduce that if

N

is a closed orientable manifold and is a magnetic form that is not weakly exact, then the

\pi_1

1-sensitive Hofer–Zehnder capacity of any compact set in the magnetic cotangent bundle determined by

\sigma

is finite.
Virtually free groups are stable in permutations
Authors: Lazarovich Nir , Levit Arie
Published: September 2023

We prove that finitely generated virtually free groups are stable in permutations. As an application, we show that almost-periodic almost-automorphisms of labelled graphs are close to periodic automorphisms.