bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANSYS Parametric Modeling of Honeycomb Paperboard and the Influence of Cutting Position on Mechanical Property
Authors: Li Chun Qiu , Xiang Hong , Fan Xiao Ping , Wang Wen Ming
Published: February 2014

The finite element method has been widely applied to numerical simulation of honeycomb paperboard, and the parametric modeling is the most important step for the simulation. In order to This paper discussed three ways of building honeycomb paperboard model using ANSYS command flow, and also introduced the CAD model import in ANSYS. The influence of cutting position of honeycomb paperboard model on compression strength was analyzed; the results showed that the influence on bulk density and the compression strength of honeycomb paperboard model can't be ignored.
Dislocation Self-Organization Processes in Silicon during High-Temperature Oxidization
Authors: Iatsunskyi Igor
Published: February 2014

The dislocation self-organization processes in near-surface silicon layers of Si-SiO2 during high temperature oxidization have been investigated. It was observed the complex destruction of these layers caused by relaxation of mechanical stresses. We have proposed the defect formation mechanism of near-surface layers in Si-SiO2 structure. For self-organization processes to be explained, the synergetic method was applied. It was shown that the formation of periodical dislocation structures at the interface is a consequence of the spatial instability of the dislocation distribution in the crystal, their self-organization due to correlation effects between the oxygen diffusing along structural defects and an ensemble of dislocations.
Formaldehyde Detection Based on P3HT/InSnO Composite Thin Film Transistor
Authors: Li Xian , Jiang Ya Dong , Tai Hui Ling , Xie Guang Zhong , Dan Wen Chao
Published: February 2014

Formaldehyde, a colorless and pungent-smelling gas, had been confirmed be a huge threat to people health. The detection of formaldehyde was necessary and important at room temperature. Sprayed P3HT/InSnO composite film based on organic thin film transistors (OTFT) was fabricated to detect formaldehyde at room temperature in this paper. The results showed that P3HT/ InSnO-OTFT showed better response and recovery to HCHO compared with P3HT-OTFT at room temperature.
An LMI Approach to State Feedback H∞ Control for Switched Singular Linear Systems
Authors: Fu Zhu Mu , Wang Bin , Gao Ai Yun
Published: February 2014

In this paper, the problems of state feedback control for a class of switched singular linear systems are investigated. By constructing a novel switched Lyapunov functional and convex combinations techniques, a sufficient condition established in terms of strict linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) is presented such that the system is asymptotically stable and satisfies performance. An explicit expression for the state feedback stabilization sub-controller and switching rule are designed. The merits of the proposed criteria lie in their less conservativeness and relative simplicity, in which the closed-loop system satisfies performance at each point in whole state-space through switching, although each sub-system doesn’t satisfy the performance and even is not asymptotically stable. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the validity of the proposed methods.
Definition of a Tool Library for the Approximation of Freeform Surfaces
Authors: Schäfer Stefan , Reising Jakob , Abedini Scholeh , Bäcker Frederic
Published: February 2014

Freeform architecture places a high demand on its accomplishment. With today's technology a lot of individual and manual work is needed. By means of serial-production some challenges such as high costs and compliance of small tolerances can be handled. This results not only in issues in the field of manufacturing technology but also in the field of geometry.In order to simplify the manufacturing process a tool library with a defined minimum count of moulds is developed to map groups of surface elements on each mould. The Aim is to map any freeform surface with a clearly defined tool set based on an approximated curvature description.
The Winding Insulation Electro-Thermal Aging Model of Electric Vehicle Motor Based on Operation States
Authors: Zhu Xian Hui , Cui Shu Mei , Tian De Wen
Published: February 2014

Electric vehicle (EV) motor and common traction motor are operation in different states, the insulation aging model based fixed working conditions are no longer applicable. The secondary development of motor system is carried in ADVISOR to get a new motor thermal model with which to analysis the lifetime of winding insulation. In addition, SIMULINK model is established to decouple motor currents in ADVISOR. ANSYS is carried to simulate the motor temperature rise using the obtained decouple currents, two results of models are in good agreement which verifies the validity of the redevelopment thermal model. Combined with the electric ageing model of winding insulation, the electro-thermal aging model in the EV motor is proposed based actual operation states, and insulation lifetime is calculated which provides theory basis for the analysis of electro-thermal aging model in EV motors.
A Reconfigurable Mechanism of Cantilever Storage Racks
Authors: Wang Qian , Tan Jack Yi
Published: February 2014

An automated warehousing system often consists of storage modules, storage and retrieval mechanism, lifting equipment and conveyor systems. These facilities are used to overcome some disadvantages of manually operated warehousing systems which often lead to a high frequency of human errors, high labour cost and low efficiency. The usage of these automated facilities may also be helpful to maximise utilisation of shop floor space and improve efficiency of warehousing operations. On the other hand, at this age of information technology that the access to the internet is just at the fingertip, it has been seen a rising trend for online shopping in the past decade. Thus, manufacturers, suppliers or distributors have been seeking for even more efficient and effective new methods to store and distribute their goods. A number of studies through a literature review suggest that future generation warehouses may be designed and implemented as more centralised and distributed warehousing systems in which customers place their orders on-line and goods will then be dispatched directly to their door steps from these centralised distribution centres. This paper presents a proposal for designing and implementing future generation warehousing systems using fast-growing IT technologies such as radio frequency identification (RFID), wireless sensors and networks. The overall purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual design of an integrated system for future generation automated warehouses by incorporating a new design of storage and retrieval modules with the applications of these IT technologies used for automation activities. The presentation of this paper only highlights the part of this work including a design of a core mechanism for automated storage module namely the cantilever storage racks, which have the feature of scalability and reconfigurability.
Results Regarding Online Asset Management System for a Transformer Station
Authors: Puiu Petru Gabriel , Ababei Stefan
Published: February 2014

This paper work presents results from the application of maintenance management system in a transformer station. In this area of asset management, it is necessary to use the asset management (AM) methods to build a single structure, taking into account the principle of best investment value. Thus, this paper presents the results obtained from a LabView simulation for such a structure. The research has been made on the base of economic aspects, technical characteristics of the equipment and the parameters characterizing their operation.
Polysaccharide-Based Film of Cassia fistula and it's Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Satirapipathkul Chutimon , Chatdum Tanakan
Published: February 2014

The film-forming potential of isolate of seed polysaccharide from Cassia fistula was investigated. Increasing the glycerol concentration in the film increased elongation at break, film solubility and water vapor permeability but decreased tensile strength (TS). The film impregnated with the acetone extract of Atractylodes lancea was assessed for inhibition of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The obtained results showed that the films exhibited antibacterial activity against both bacterial strains. Disc-diffusion assay revealed that the film resulted in a larger inhibition zone around the film on Staphylococcus aureus than it did on Escherichia coli at the same extract concentrations (0.1 to 0.9 wt %). It can be seen that the film has satisfactory physical and antibacterial properties.
Finite Element Analysis of Magnetic Field of Magnetic Sealing Drive Device
Authors: Tan Ding Zhong , Qiu Ying , Wang Qi Ming
Published: February 2014

Magnetic sealing drive torque is designed and calculated and analyzed, Magnetic circuit and whole structure of the drive are designed, simulating and analyzing to Magnetic circuit of Magnetic sealing drive by ANSYS software, Magnetic field distribution and the effect to torque in model is analyzed and researched. It is shown that the results between theoretical calculation and analysis of the finite element are quite close.
Smooth Cutting Operation Strategy for High Finishing Machining
Authors: Bu Xiao Fei , Lin Hu , Chen Long
Published: February 2014

High finishing machining tool path generation methods are usually adopted for five-axis computer numerically controlled machining of sculptured surface parts. The quality of the high finishing machining has an important effect on that of the surface. In this paper, a high finishing machining tool path generation method is introduced to generate an optimal tool path. The initial tool path is firstly created based on the constant scallop height, then the derived tool paths are generated as a kind of the diagonal curve by the initial tool path, and at last, the tool path smoothing algorithm is applied to the generated tool path. This path algorithm can ensure higher level of smooth of the surface been machined. Finally, the results of simulation and experiment of the machining process are given to verify the smooth and applicability of the proposed method.
Carrier Hopping and Relaxation in InAs/GaAs Quantum Dot Heterostructures
Authors: Wu Ya Fen , Lee Jiunn Chyi
Published: February 2014

We investigate the effect of carrier dynamics on the temperature dependence of photoluminescence spectra from InAs/GaAs quantum dot heterostructures with different dot size uniformity. Intersublevel relaxation lifetimes and carrier transferring mechanisms are simulated using a model based on carriers relaxing and thermal emission of each discrete energy level in the quantum dot system. Calculated relaxation lifetimes are decreasing with temperature and have larger values for sample with lower dot size uniformity. In the quantitative discussion of carrier dynamics, the influence of thermal redistribution on carriers relaxing process of quantum dot system is demonstrated by our model.
Multiobjective Methodology Applied in the Gasification of Coals Mixtures for the Analysis of the Synthesis Gas Composition
Authors: Bastidas Barranco Marlon José , Benavides Orieta Ortiz , Jaramillo Álvarez Gloria Patricia , Chejne Janna Y. Farid
Published: February 2014

An important aspect in the combustion of coal for purposes of generating clean power is to achieve that this solid fuel is gasified and hereby to capture the residues across different mechanisms and to use the gas of synthesis in the production of energy. Gasification has been widely studied but the amorphous characteristics of solid fuels causes the gasification reactions do not obey a defined order, however has been made possible prosecute kinetics of these reactions and orient products of synthesis gas, according to needs. In this regard, for purposes of power generation the hydrogen production at high rates is a problem of stability of the synthesis gas combustion, therefore their generation in the gasification should be controlled by the generation of methane priority and carbon monoxide. The objective of this work is to provide guidance with a theoretical tool to establish the optimal mix of solid fuels in relation to the gasifying agents to produce a synthesis gas with appropriate levels of hydrogen, for which genetic algorithms are used due to approach a problem nonlinear and multiple variables.
The variables that control the generation of products of synthesis gas, corresponds to the amount of steam and oxygen /air relative to fuel flow fed to the gasification reactor. The results show that there may be many possibilities for feeding the gasifier, but there are defined relationships that can control with some limitations the hydrogen production in convenient relationships with carbon monoxide. In the third multiobjetive runEn la tercera corrida del algoritmo multiobjetivo, se tiene la menor cantidad de cenizas y una participación muy alta de los carbones del Cesar en la mezcla. In the third run of the multiobjective algorithm, it has the least amount of ash and a very high share of coal in the mix of Cesar.
The Preparation and Apply of Ni-W-P Alloy Coating for Electricity-Control Equipment
Authors: Li Nai Jun , Li Mei Mei , Li Nai Wei , An Xu Huan , Sun Hong
Published: February 2014

The treatment technics for substrate was researched and improved by experimentations, the technics and additive research of plating for forming ornamental and functional multicomponents alloy was carried out completely, the optimum technics of plating multicomponents alloy was been found. The coatings made by optimum technics were with excellent corrosion-resistance ,wear-resistance, oxidation-resistance and with a smooth, fine, shining surface. It was proved that the 8.9% phosphorus in the coating and the coating was amorphous crystal by determinations. And it was found that the combination force between the substrate and the coating was vary good and the properties of coating to resist corrosion and abrasion were much better than that of Ni-P alloy through the tests.The coating was finery in ornamentally also.
Comparison of Different Construction Types for Public Buildings Applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Kuzman Manja Kitek , Vratuša Srečko , Grošelj Petra
Published: February 2014

Considering the growing importance of energy-efficient building methods, timber construction will play an increasingly important role in the future. In order to determine advantages and disadvantages of using wood as a leading constructional material, different construction types were compared: solid wood, wood-frame, concrete, and brick construction. To quantify the comparisons the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was applied. AHP enables the inclusion of various parameters, including descriptive ones, in a mathematical model through which the importance of each construction criterion forming part of the system can be calculated in order to provide objective decisions for construction. Analysis revealed that the top ranked criteria in decision-making include embodied energy, construction cost and design. On comparing different construction types the wood-frame construction, which can have very low or negative carbon footprint, was considered as the most suitable option for public building.
Wave Propagation Analysis for Fluid-Filled Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Based on Analytically Nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli Beam Model
Authors: Yang Yang
Published: February 2014

Applying variation principle, the analytical nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beam models for wave propagation in fluid-filled single-walled carbon nanotubes are established. The novel nonlocal governing equations are derived and used in wave propagation analysis. Comparing with partial nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beam models used previously, the novel analytical nonlocal models predict stiffness enhancement of CNT and wave decaying at high wavenumber or high nonlocal effect area. Though the novel analytical model is less sensitive than partial nonlocal model when fluid velocity is high, it simulate much high nonlocal effect than the corresponding partial model in many cases.
Temperature Analysis of Disc Brake Based on Parameters Fluctuation
Authors: Zhao Yuan Jun , Zhang Yu , Tang Zheng Fei , Chen Yong Fu
Published: February 2014

Based on three-dimensional models of key components, a thermoelastic finite element model of disc brake is established. The results of stress field and temperature distribution are acquired considering the relationship of heat convection coefficient and wheel angular velocity. The effect of heat convection coefficient fluctuation and disc material conductivity fluctuation on the model output is analyzed. The simulation results shows that disc temperature is not sensitive to heat convection coefficient, but sensitive to thermal conductivity. And this model mentioned in this paper is of great significant for building a temperature finite element model with engineering accuracy.
Modeling and Simulation of Engine Power Based on MATLAB/SIMULINK
Authors: Meng Hui , Wang Li Qiang , Han Zong Qi , Lei Shu Bin
Published: February 2014

The intake system sub-model, the fuel dynamics sub-model and the power output sub-model are studied in this paper based on Elbert Hendricks engine mean model. Engine output characteristics using computational model is established in MATLAB/Simulink. Parameter of the modeling and simulation process is obtained through experiments, and finally, the engine bench test is done, and compared it with the simulation curve in same conditions. The results show that the model calculation has smaller error, higher precision, and which can meet the basic requirements of the engine modeling in actual control.
Study for the Distributed Power Grid Faults Diagnose System Based on Mas
Authors: Wang Shi Yuan , Ding Shi Yong , Chen Kang Zhu
Published: February 2014

The setup structure for the power grid faults diagnose system is analysed, the Multi-Agent System technique is used to the system. The functional modular of the system is transformed into Multi-Agent System, which has the same function as the entity system. The modular of the system can be in reconfiguration state when trouble appears by using Agent technique. The system running mechanism is also given.
Agglomeration of FePO4 Prepared by Continuous Reaction Precipitation
Authors: Xiao Yang , Zhang Zhen , Pu Wei Hua
Published: February 2014

In order to control the FePO4 particles size, the reaction precipitation between Fe (NO3)3 and H3PO4 was performed by the controlled crystallization technique. The influences of the feed concentration, stirring speed and reaction temperature on the agglomeration size of FePO4 were investigated. The particles produced were amorphous and can be crystallied to pure phase FePO4 after calcining at 550 °C for 5 hours. The agglomerates size and morphology were characterized by the laser granulometer and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The results showed that the products were spherical and the agglomerate size was in the range of 2~9 μm at the solution PH 2.30 and the other experiment conditions were as follows, the reactant concentration was ranged from 0.5 to 1.0mol/L, stirring speed from 500 to 3000 rpm and reaction temperature from 15 to 80°C. It was found that the agglomerates size increased with the increase of the reaction temperature, decreased with the increase of the feed concentration and stirring speed. Based on the discretized population balance, the particle size distribution model was developed. There was a good agreement between the calculated values and the experimental data, which indicated that this model can be used for predicting the agglomerates size distribution at any desired levels of the variables studied.
Simple Prediction of Tunable Metamaterial Absorbers Reflectivity Characteristics Using Equivalent Circuit Model
Authors: Zhang Cai Fang , Jing Gen Qiang , Xu Xin Xin
Published: February 2014

A modeling analysis and verification of tunable metamaterial absorbers (MA) comprised of a new combination shaped metal elements printed on a dielectric substrate loaded with PIN diodes were presented. Unlike conventional transmission line analysis, new modeling analysis allows arbitrarily shaped elements to be calculated. A qualitative analysis by a simple equivalent circuit model is carried out on the parameters of the tunable MA. Thus, samples of the tunable MA are fabricated. The measured results are in good agreement with the predicted ones. The study shows that the modeling analysis is simple and practicable to describe the working principle of the tunable MA structure.
Equal Life Design and Life Prediction of the Shaft Parts
Authors: Tian Guo Fu , Qiao Yang Yang
Published: February 2014

The life excess of shaft part of the traditional design is a major source of industrial waste. This paper presents a vision for excess life of the shaft parts, which is expected to use the crack initiation life instead of the traditional fatigue endurance limit, achieve the purpose of reducing the excess life, try to give the method of calculation of the crack initiation life, and provide technical support for the shaft parts life design.
Heuristic Inventive Design Problem Solving Based on Semantic Relatedness
Authors: Yan Wei , Zanni-Merk Cecilia , Rousselot François , Cavallucci Denis , Collet Pierre
Published: February 2014

A growing number of industries feel the need of formalizing their innovation approaches. Modern innovation theories and methods use different knowledge sources for solving inventive design problems. These sources are generally about similar notions, but the level of detail of their description can be very different. We are interested in finding semantic links among these sources and developing an intelligent way of managing this knowledge, with the goal of assisting the inventive design expert during his activities. This paper explores a short text semantic similarity approach to search potential links among these sources. These links available could facilitate the retrieval for the heuristic solutions of inventive problems for TRIZ users.
An Inter-Disciplinary Approach to the Development of a Low-Consumption Prototype for the European Shell Eco-Marathon
Authors: Donateo Teresa , Ingrosso Fabio , Nicolì Angelo , Taurino Andrea
Published: February 2014

The paper describes the design, the test and the optimization of a prototype for the European Shell Eco-Marathon (SEM) competition. The design step includes the definition of vehicle shape, materials, structure, tires, power-train and control with an inter-disciplinary approach. The test phase was performed both numerically and experimentally. The vehicle, named Carla 2012 has been build at the DII (Department of Innovation Engineering) at Università Del Salento and tested on the facilities available at the Nardò Technical Center and was able to satisfy all the specifics of SEM regulation in 2012 edition. The optimization step is aimed at defining an innovative powertrain and an high-efficiency race strategy in order to achieve 3000 km with the equivalent of 1 liter of gasoline.
Cycle Time Design and Simulation for a Certain Kind of Automatic Production Line
Authors: Deng Li , Chen Xian , Yang Wen Qiang
Published: February 2014

This paper proposes a cycle time design rule for a certain kind of time-constraint and re-entrant automatic production line. A computation model of the productive time and productivity is presented. Then, the cycle time under different schemes according to a real technology process is given. The design rule of this kind of line is deduced by a lot of simulations at last.
Micro-Rocket System of Small Object Release Process Simulation
Authors: Tao Ru Yi , Liu Yun , Li Peng , Huang Ming
Published: February 2014

To study the release process of micro-rocket system of small object, a novel model and numerical simulation is proposed. The structure and the work principle of the micro-rocket release system are explored. The release model is constructed using solid rocket theory, and including gap between objects and project canal. The theoretical methods are presented for the constructional design of micro-rocket releasing system of small object.
Mechanical Properties of Dendritic and Inter-Dendritic Regions in As-Cast Medium-Carbon Steel
Authors: Al-Gahtani Masoud , Dippenaar Rian
Published: February 2014

During solidification of steel, dendrite nucleation and growth leads to the segregation of alloying elements in the inter-dendritic regions. The dendrite arms are low in carbon while alloying elements segregate to the inter-dendritic regions. During subsequent hot-rolling, this variation in alloying element content leads to the formation of regions of high and low solute content, which in turn, leads to the formation of microstructural banding during heat treatment. In the present study, the respective mechanical properties of these dendritic and inter-dendritic regions were studied in medium carbon steel in order to investigate the rotation of dendrites during hot rolling.
The Formation of the Carbon Microcoils without the Catalyst on the Mesh-Type Stainless Steel Substrate
Authors: Jeon Young Chul , Kim Sung Hoon
Published: February 2014

Carbon coils could be synthesized using C2H2/H2 as source gases and SF6 as an incorporated additive gas under the thermal chemical vapor deposition system. The 304 stainless steel plates and the 100 and/or 300-sized stainless steel meshes were used as the substrates. The characteristics of the deposited carbon nanomaterials without the catalyst on the different substrates were investigated according to the injection time of the SF6 flow. In case of the mesh-type stainless steel substrate, the carbon microcoils could be formed without the Ni catalyst. However the plate-type stainless steel substrate could not give rise to the formation of the carbon microcoils without the catalyst, regardless of the injection time of the SF6 flow. The cause for the formation of the carbon microcoils without the catalyst on the mesh-type substrate was discussed in association with the surface energies for the interaction between the as-growing carbon elements and the surface of the substrate.
Serrated Flow in an 11Cr Ferritic/Martensitic Steel
Authors: Xu Zhi Qiang , Shen Yin Zhong , Ji Bo , Li Sheng Zhi , Shan Ai Dang
Published: February 2014

Serrated flow behavior of an 11Cr ferritic/martensitic steel was investigated through tensile tests at initial strain rates of 2×10-510-3 s-1 at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 973 K. Serrated flow occurred at three temperature regions of room temperature, 573 K and 773973 K when tensile tests were conducted at a strain rate of 2×10-4 s-1. Serrations are also observed in the steel during tension at temperatures of 573 K and 773973 K at a strain rate of 2×10-5 s-1. With increasing tensile temperature, the yield stress and ultimate tensile stress of the steel were gradually decreased and quickly dropped at temperatures higher than 773 K, while the elongation of the steel was decreased to a minimum at 600 K, and then dramatically increased at temperatures higher than 600 K.
Variation in Fineness of Cement-Based Composites Containing Sugarcane Bagasse Ashes
Authors: Cheng An , Lin Wei Ting , Chao Sao Jeng , Hsu Hui Mi
Published: February 2014

This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of sugarcane bagasse ash fineness on the properties of cement-based composites. Three sugarcane bagasse ash contents (10, 20 and 30% by weight of cement) and three particle sizes of bagasse ash (particles less than 45, 75 and 150 μm) were used as a partial replacement for cement in mortar specimens with a constant water/cementitious ratio of 0.55. The pozzolanic strength activity test, compressive strength test and scanning electron microscope observations were conducted and compared. Test results indicated that the compressive strength decreased with the addition of sugarcane bagasse ash content increased. Addition of sugarcane bagasse ash to replace cement in cementitious composites could provide hydration and pozzolanic reaction, but it would still keep more rugged and some larger pores observed from the paste surface and resulted in the weaker microstructures and poorer properties in cementitious composites. In conclusion, the critical usage of sugarcane bagasse ash is 10 % with 45μm particles.
Investigation of AC8A Scrap-Recycled Aluminum Foams
Authors: Asavavisithchai Seksak , Jareankieathbovorn Natthida , Srichaiyaperk Areeya
Published: February 2014

Open-cell Al foam has outstanding properties which are suitable for functional applications. However, a major drawback for widespread employment of Al foam is its high relative cost which can be several times higher than conventional metals. To reduce the cost, a recycled material waste is constructively used instead of expensive base metal. The present study aims to fabricate economical open-cell Al foams using AC8A alloy scrap from lathe machines. The Al foams were fabricated through pressure infiltration casting process at which the cellular pattern was made from commercial reticulated open-cell polyurethane foams with the pore size of 12 ppi. The compressive strength and microhardness of scrap-recycled Al foams are higher than those of pure Al foam. The increase in foam mechanical properties resulted from the change in foam microstructure as the formation of Si hard phase in Al matrix. The strength and microhardness of the foams increase with increasing scrap contents.
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Analysis of Environmental Estrogen Bisphenol A
Authors: Xu Zhi Gang
Published: February 2014

Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) has the characteristics of predetermination, specific recognition and practicability. It can eliminate the interference of complicated matrix. It has been widely used as selective adsorption material in sample preparation. Bisphenol A is a common endocrine disruptor in environment. Its toxic effects and analysis have attracted widespread concern. In this paper, the molecularly imprinted sample preparation techniques for bisphenol A were comprehensively reported, including molecularly imprinted microspheres extraction, molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction, molecularly imprinted solid phase microextraction, molecularly imprinted stir bar sorptive extraction and molecularly imprinted membrane extraction. Moreover, the trends of BPA-molecularly imprinted techniques are prospected.
Proposition of a New Valid Utilization for Shirasu Volcanic Ash Using Renewable Energy
Authors: Sato Kosei , Maeda Kouji , Nishioka Kensuke
Published: February 2014

SiC was prepared from Shirasu volcanic ash using solar furnace. The solar furnace is composed by two parts; Fresnel lens and reacting furnace. Fresnel lens is used to concentrate sunlight onto the reacting furnace where the sample was put on. The sample was made from the mixture of SiO2 formed using Shirasu volcanic ash and graphite, and placed in the carbon crucible inside the reacting furnace. By using light of sun concentrated with Fresnel lens, the sample was irradiated for 15 minutes and the furnace was left until it cooled down to room temperature. Both irradiated and cooling processes were done under Ar atmosphere. After the experiment, the sample was evaluated by XRD and Raman spectroscopy and the result indicated that β-SiC was formed.
Topology Optimization for Constrained Layer Damping Plates Using Evolutionary Structural Optimization Method
Authors: Wang Bing Qin , Wang Bing Li , Huang Zhi Yuan
Published: February 2014

The evolutionary structural optimization (ESO) is used to optimize constrained damping layer structure. Considering the vibration and energy dissipation mode of the plate with constrained layer damping treatment, the elements of constrained damping layers and modal loss factor are considered as design variable and objective function, while damping material consumption is considered as a constraint. The sensitivity of modal loss factor to design variable is further derived using modal strain energy analysis method. Numerical example is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed topology optimization approach. The results show that vibration energy dissipation of the plates can be enhanced by the optimal constrained layer damping layout.
Numerical Simulation of Flow Field Characteristics of Free Falling Particle Plume Affected by Particle Diameter and Density
Authors: Liu Ze Qin , Liu Ling Yu , Li Xiao Jian
Published: February 2014

The study of flow field characteristics of free falling particle plume is part of the basic application research of gas-solid two phase flow. The Computational Fluid Dynamic Software FLUENT was adopted in this paper. The numerical simulation was carried out to study the influence of particle diameter and particle density to the particle flow field characteristics of free falling particle plume. The results of the numerical simulation showed that, with the increasing of particle diameter and the increasing of particle density, the disturbance of ambient air to the particle plume decreased, and the entrainment ability of particle plume to the ambient air was diminished.
Estimation of Apparent Elastic Moduli of Trabecular Bone Considering Biological Apatite (BAp) Crystallite Orientation in Tissue Modulus
Authors: Basaruddin Khairul Salleh , Takano Naoki
Published: February 2014

This study presents a prediction of apparent elastic moduli of vertebral trabecular bone using the homogenization method. A micro-finite element (FE) model of trabecular bone was reconstructed from a sequential of cross-section micro-CT image by converting bone voxels to brick elements. Eight regions of interest (ROIs) were extracted from two lumbar vertebra bone specimens of healthy and osteoporotic. The homogenization method and finite element method was employed to analyze the microscopic trabecular bone. Bone tissue property was modeled as orthotropy material considering the biological apatite (BAp) crystallite orientation. This research focuses on the effect of morphological difference between healthy and osteoporotic bones to the apparent elastic moduli. The change of degree of anisotropy was also discussed. Comparison of the calculated Youngs moduli in vertical axis with Keyak et al.s experimental result showed good agreement and proved the reliability of the numerical model.
Tensile Strength Test of PTFE Sew Filter Bag Line
Authors: Zhang Yu Jie , Mao Ning , Liu Jing Xian
Published: February 2014

The Passage mainly based on the tensile strength test of PTFE sew filter bag line in conditions of normal temperature, at 160°C, 180°C, 200°C respectively heating 10min and heating 24h that make conclusion of temperature, heating time and working environment on the performance of PTFE tensile breaking strength, so as to provide a basis for the PTFE sew filter bag lines work condition.
Nd:YAG Laser Texturization on Silicon Surface
Authors: Razak Nurul Huda Abdul , Amin Nowshad
Published: February 2014

Monocrystalline silicon texturization will be elaborate in this paper as a new method for texturing silicon surface. Normally, silicon surface will textured by using wet chemical etched. Some of crystalline wafer is ineffective when using conventional methods, because the different crystallographic orientation of regions of diversified consequence. Conventional method which is wet chemical etched always shown not uniform texture. So, the texturization with laser will introduce as a promising method in reducing reflection on silicon surface. This is the reason for conducting this research. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and digital microscope are performed to evaluate the results. Texturization of monocrystalline silicon surface by using Pulsed Laser Nd:YAG was found to be promising method in terms to avoid chemical texturing etched method. Compared to the conventional texturing method, laser texturization is much more independent on grains crystallographic orientation. Higher homogeneity texture can be reached when using laser Nd:YAG compared with chemical or electrochemical methods. The heat affected area caused by material damages is related with presented method limitation implementation practically. However, one step of chemical etching will be used to remove the damages after laser texturization. The main reason conducted this new methods are to reduce reflectance from bare or polished silicon surface and adapt it into solar cell manufacturing process. This new methods are expected to gives high efficiency solar cells.
Effects of Ni and Ni + Co Additions in P/M Stainless Steel 316L on Sigma Phase and Oxide Formations after Long Term Heating
Authors: Wangyao Panyawat , Pichaiwong Nantawan , Patama Visuttipitukul , Chuankrerkkul Nutthita , Hirunyagird Jirutthitikalpongsri
Published: February 2014

The effects of various Nickel and Nickel with Cobalt additions in P/M 316L stainless steel on sigma phase and oxide formations were investigated. Various powder mixtures of P/M316L with Ni and both Ni + Co powders as 1, 2, 3 and 4% by wt.%, were compacted using single action press under 498 MPa and sintered at 1300 °C for 30 minutes in hydrogen atmosphere. Then specimens were exposed at temperature of 800 °C and 900 °C for 25, 50, 75 and 100 hours in order to investigate the microstructural stability. It was found that specimens with both Co and Ni additions could reduce amount of sigma phase formation especially at heating of 900 °C. After all heat treatments, oxide scales had grown in closed pores during heating, therefore, the amount and size of internal porosity were decreased. It was also observed that the amount and size of porosity of heated specimens still have the same tendency as sintered specimens. The oxide scale in the matrix is mainly composed of Fe3O4 and Cr2O3 in the closed pores.
Impact of Sandblasting on Fresnel Lens for Concentrator Photovoltaic
Authors: Nishioka Kensuke , Sato Kosei , Ota Yasuyuki
Published: February 2014

When installing concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) systems in desert areas, we must consider the impact of sandstorms on the Fresnel lens in CPV modules. CPV systems are much more sensitive to sandstorms than flat-panel PV systems because they can only use the direct beam component of sunlight. In this study, the transmittance of a PMMA substrate after sandblasting was evaluated and the influence of sandblasting on the output of a CPV system was assessed. The transmittance of PMMA decreased with an increase in the momentum of blown sand. The conversion efficiency of a CPV module was determined by equivalent circuit calculation. The conversion efficiency decreased with increasing momentum. The coefficient of degradation was 0.17 point per unit momentum.
Band Structure and Optical Properties of CuInSe2
Authors: Chen Rong Zhen , Persson Clas
Published: February 2014

In this work, the electronic structure and dielectric function of chalcopyrite CuInSe2 are presented. The results are based on the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FPLAPW) method using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) plus an onsite Coulomb interaction U of the Cu d states. The dielectric constant, absorption coefficient and refractive index are explored by means of optical response. The spin-orbit coupling effect is considered for the calculations of electronic structure and optical properties. We find that the results based on our calculation method have good agreement compared with experimental and other earlier simulations results.
Machinability Studies on Aluminium Matrix Hybrid Composites
Authors: Shridhar T.N. , Krishnamurthy L. , Sridhara B.K.
Published: February 2014

Aluminium metal matrix composites due to their excellent properties like high strength to weight ratio and high wear resistant are becoming new generation of materials useful for various engineering applications. A continuing problem with these composites is that they are difficult to machine. Machining of these composites depends on the relative content of the reinforcement and the matrix material as well as on its response to the machining process. Experimental investigations have been carried out on the machinability aspects of Aluminium hybrid composites reinforced with Graphite and Silicon Carbide particulates. Experiments have been carried out by Design of Experiments approach. Mathematical models which correlate the interactive and higher order influences of cutting parameters on the resultant force have been developed.
Research on Air Purification Performance of Typical Filter Media
Authors: Chen Xiao Song , Liu Jing Xian , Chang De Qiang , Mao Ning , Sun Xi
Published: February 2014

Filter media is designed for industrial dust removal, but in some industrial sites, it is mainly used for air purification. So in the paper, we study air purification performance of typical filter media, including filtration efficiency, resistance, and stage efficiency. The experimental results show that wind velocity has a little effect on filtration efficiency for particulate matter in air. Besides, this paper compares the air purification performance of different filter media.
Alternative Lubricant Based on Renewable Resources for Industrial Applications
Authors: Ahmed Diyar I. , Kasolang S. , Abu Bakar M.A. , Yousif Mohammad. H.
Published: February 2014

Bio-lubricants are often touted as a solution but the geographical necessities of cultivation can restrict their practicality as an absolute substitute to petroleum-based lubricants. The development of a novel environmentally-friendly bio-lubricant is the primary focus of this paper. The physico-chemical properties of the bio-lubricant were analyzed using multiple standards tribometers. This study provided sufficient data to conform an ISO VG 68 hydraulic industrial lubricant by blending 52.70 % (wt) soybean oil, 40.55 % (wt) mineral oil, and 6.75 (%) additive packages. This formulated blend as green alternative for machine lubrications will be significant in reducing perilous environmental pollution and depletion of natural resources. Moreover, it can contribute to reduce the global demand of petroleum based lubricant substantially.
Delayed Stochastic Biochemical Reactions Reconstruction Based on Additive Reaction Model
Authors: Yang Bin , Liao Chuan Zhu , Jiang Ming Yan , Yuan Dong Feng
Published: February 2014

Stochastic dynamics and delayed time of biochemical reactions play an important role in the biological networks such as gene regulatory and metabolic networks. This paper presents a new model, called additive reaction model (ARM), to capture the stochastic dynamical and delayed behavior. The new evolutionary strategy is used to search the optimal biochemical model, in which genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are employed to evolve the architecture and parameters of biochemical reactions, respectively. The results reveal that the delayed biochemical reaction modeling problems could be solved effectively and efficiently using our proposed new model and new evolutionary strategy.
Study on Earthenware and Exhaust Gas Made by Low-Carbon Catalytic Combustion Furnace of Natural Gas
Authors: Zhu Li Qiang , Xue Qin Li , Zhang Shi Hong
Published: February 2014

In the paper, based on the results of lean gas furnace temperature field, the study was carried out on heating earthenware. Compared with earthenware which heated with electric furnace, earthenware heated with Low-carbon Catalytic Combustion Furnace was having apparent advantages. The content of the pollutants in exhaust gas was detected during heating in the same time. It would be the conclusion that a trace of pollutants was produced in the highly clean combustion furnace production process, from analyzing and comparing the data under the condition of heating with earthenware and heating without earthenware in the catalytic combustion furnace.
Comparisons of Chemical and Physical Properties of Hybrid Strains of Pangasianodon gigas and Pangasianodon hypothalamus Prepared from Different Extracting Processes
Authors: Chimsook Thitiphan , Wannalangka Waranya
Published: February 2014

Three different catfish oil extraction processes were used to extract oil from catfish viscera: process P1 involved a mixture of ground catfish viscera and water, no heat treatment and centrifugation; process P2 involved ground catfish viscera (no added water), heat treatment and centrifugation; process P3 involved a mix true of ground catfish viscera and water, heat treatment and centrifugation. Chemical and physical properties of the resulting of catfish oils were evaluated. The P3 process recovered significantly higher amounts of crude oil from catfish viscera than the other extraction methods. The P3 oil also contained a higher percent of free fatty acid and peroxide values than P1and P2 oils. Oleic acid in catfish oil was the predominant fatty acid accounting for about 50% of total fatty acids. The apparent viscosity at-5 and 0 C was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 C.
Saccharose Particles as a Space Holder for Ti-Void Composite Preparation
Authors: Adamek Grzegorz , Dewidar Montasser , Jakubowicz Jarosław
Published: February 2014

In this work a new method of Ti-void composites (foam, scaffold) preparation is shown. In this process as a space holder particles we have applied a saccharose crystals (table sugar) with size up to 1.3 mm. After Ti and saccharose particles mixing and pressing, a green compacts composed of sugar and Ti grains were produced. Then, the sugar crystals were removed by its dissolution in water, which lead to open spaces (pores) formation in the green compacts. Then the compacts were sintered at 1250 °C. Alternatively, a sugar was evaporated during sintering without water dissolution. The foams were investigated by SEM, XRD and computed tomography. Such prepared void metal composites have porosity of about 72% and average pore size of about 0.7 mm. The pores have cubical shape corresponding to sugar crystals shape. The method is very promising in foams preparation and the made Ti-void composites can be applied for hard tissue implants, for example.
Mesosomes, Unique Membranous Structures in Bacteria
Authors: Li Xin , Yang Li Peng , Zhu Wen Xue , Pang Xin Yue , Feng Han Qing
Published: February 2014

Mesosomes are unique membranous bacterial structures that actively function in cell injury and physiological cellular processes, such as replication and separation of nucleoids and oxidative phosphorylation. The structures and functions of mesosomes have been studied and identified, but the regulation of their functional properties remains still unclear. Our previous studies confirmed that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is involved in mesosome formation during cell injury and cell division processes. The quantity of excess H2O2 accumulation is associated with the mesosome size. This observation has provided great significance in elucidating the mechanisms of maintainance of the functional performance of mesosomes. This article describes the bacterial mesosome and its functions as well as the involvement of H2O2 in mediating these functions.
Preparation and Characterization of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Loaded Spirogyra spp. Extract
Authors: Chimsook Thitiphan
Published: February 2014

Many compounds with high lipophilic character incorporated into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) have been reported. However, hydrophilic compounds have not been completely investigated. In this paper, we investigated the potential of lipid nanoparticles as carriers for aqueous extract of Spirogyra spp. using hot high-pressure homogenization method. The aqueous extract of Spirogyra spp. (AS-NLC) showed spherical morphology with smooth surface under transmission electron microscope (TEM). The encapsulation efficiency was 61.23±6.25%. The crystallization of AS in NLC was investigated by X-ray diffraction. AS was in an amorphous state in the NLC matrix. The in vitro release experiments of NLC exhibited biphasic release pattern with burst release at the initial 3 h and prolonged release afterwards.