bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of functional magnetic resonance imaging-guided personalized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (fMRI-rTMS) in depressive patients with emotional blunting: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Yuyu , Tang Nailong , Lei Lei , Lv Runxin , Zhang Yaochi , Liu Nian , Chen Haixia , Cai Min , Wang Huaning
Published: February 2024

Background

Emotional blunting is a symptom that has always been present in depressed patients. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a safe and effective supplementary therapy for treating depression. However, the effectiveness and brain imaging processes of functional magnetic resonance imaging-guided personalized rTMS (fMRI-rTMS) in the treatment of depression with emotional blunting have not been observed in randomized controlled trials.

Methods

This study is a randomized, controlled, double-blind, and single-center clinical trial in which 80 eligible depressed patients with emotional blunting will be randomly assigned to two groups: a functional magnetic resonance imaging-guided personalized rTMS (fMRI-rTMS) group and a control group. Individuals in the fMRI-rTMS group (n = 40) will receive high-frequency rTMS (10 Hz, 120% MT). The main target of stimulation will be the area most relevant to the functional connectivity of the right medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and amygdala. The control group (n = 40) will receive sham stimulation, with a coil flipped to 90 degrees relative to the vertical scalp. All patients will receive 15 consecutive days of treatment, with each session lasting half an hour per day, followed by 8 weeks of follow-up. The primary outcome is the comparison of Oxford Depression Questionnaire (ODQ) scores between these two groups at different time points. The secondary outcomes include evaluating other clinical scales and assessing the differences in brain imaging changes between the two groups before and after treatment.

Discussion

This trial aims to examine the effects of functional magnetic resonance imaging-guided personalized rTMS (fMRI-rTMS) intervention on depressed patients experiencing emotional blunting and to elucidate the potential mechanism behind it. The results will provide new evidence for using fMRI-rTMS in treating depression with emotional blunting in the future.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov INCT05555940. Registered on 13 September 2022 at http://clinicaltrials.gov.
Edge intelligence-assisted animation design with large models: a survey
Authors: Zhu Jing , Hu Chuanjiang , Khezri Edris , Ghazali Mohd Mustafa Mohd
Published: February 2024

The integration of edge intelligence (EI) in animation design, particularly when dealing with large models, represents a significant advancement in the field of computer graphics and animation. This survey aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state and future prospects of EI-assisted animation design, focusing on the challenges and opportunities presented by large model implementations. Edge intelligence, characterized by its decentralized processing and real-time data analysis capabilities, offers a transformative approach to handling the computational and data-intensive demands of modern animation. This paper explores various aspects of EI in animation and then delves into the specifics of large models in animation, examining their evolution, current trends, and the inherent challenges in their implementation. Finally, the paper addresses the challenges and solutions in integrating EI with large models in animation, proposing future research directions. This survey serves as a valuable resource for researchers, animators, and technologists, offering insights into the potential of EI in revolutionizing animation design and opening new avenues for creative and efficient animation production.
Algorithms of the Möbius function by random forests and neural networks
Authors: Qin Huan , Ye Yangbo
Published: February 2024

The Möbius function$$\mu (n)$$μ(n)is known for containing limited information on the prime factorization ofn. Its known algorithms, however, are all based on factorization and hence are exponentially slow on$$\log n$$logn. Consequently, a faster algorithm of$$\mu (n)$$μ(n)could potentially lead to a fast algorithm of prime factorization which in turn would throw doubt upon the security of most public-key cryptosystems. This research introduces novel approaches to compute$$\mu (n)$$μ(n)using random forests and neural networks, harnessing the additive properties of$$\mu (n)$$μ(n). The machine learning models are trained on a substantial dataset with 317,284 observations (80%), comprising five feature variables, including values ofnwithin the range of$$4\times 10^9$$4×109. We implement the Random Forest with Random Inputs (RFRI) and Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) architectures. The RFRI model achieves a predictive accuracy of 0.9493, a recall of 0.5865, and a precision of 0.6626. On the other hand, the FNN model attains a predictive accuracy of 0.7871, a recall of 0.9477, and a precision of 0.2784. These results strongly support the effectiveness and validity of the proposed algorithms.
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis with esophageal perforation and tracheal ulcer: a case report and literature review
Authors: Norimatsu Yu , Enomoto Naoki , Kato Daiki , Yagi Shusuke , Nohara Kyoko , Yamada Kazuhiko , Kokudo Norihiro
Published: February 2024

Background

Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a rare and life-threatening condition, with high morbidity and mortality. Consequently, appropriate and prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary. Herein, we report a case of esophageal perforation and bronchial ulcer secondary to DNM, for which thoracoscopic esophagectomy was performed after the failure of conservative treatment.

Case presentation

A 63-year-old man was diagnosed with mediastinitis affecting the posterior mediastinum after presenting with a sore throat, back pain, and dyspnea. He also had type 2 diabetes mellitus and renal failure. The patient developed septic shock the following day, and intensive treatment was initiated. The condition of the patient gradually improved; however, the laboratory data revealed that levels of C-reactive protein remained high. On day 22, the esophageal perforation was demonstrated on esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Bronchoscopy was remarkable for the ulcer on the membranous tracheal wall, though he did not go into respiratory failure. The emergency thoracoscopic esophagectomy was performed on day 27. The reconstruction surgery was performed on day 100.

Conclusions

Despite the fact that the general condition is stable with conservative treatment, DNM can develop esophageal perforation. Thus, it is essential to determine the appropriate timing of surgical intervention if levels of inflammation markers continue to be high.
Diagnostic Ultrasound: On-Site Diagnosis of Type B Aortic Dissection During Cataract Surgery
Authors: Fujita Yoshihisa , Tanabe Ryo
Published: February 2024

We report a case of aortic dissection occurring during cataract surgery under local anesthesia, which was diagnosed on-site by point-of-care ultrasound. Intimal flaps were detected in the abdominal aorta, whereas the parasternal view showed no abnormalities in the aortic root or left ventricular function. According to these ultrasound findings, a Stanford type B aortic dissection was more likely than a type A aortic dissection, and imminent death was unlikely. Therefore, we decided to resume and complete the surgery. Subsequent computed tomography (CT) confirmed the point-of-care diagnosis. The patient was transferred to a tertiary hospital for medical treatment.
King Learand the Irony of Capacity
Authors: Kuzner James
Published: February 2024

This essay considers the relation between lyric utterance, dramatic irony, and intellectual disability in King Lear, particularly in Lear’s famous address to Cordelia—which begins with “Come, let’s away”—just before Edmund sends both to prison. Reading “Come, let’s away” alongside early modern prison literature, the essay argues that the speech’s work as lyric within tragic drama erodes dramatic irony, removing the audience from the superior knowledge position that such irony affords and that enables ableist perspectives to begin with. In shifting attention from tragic action to lyric power, Lear’s speech renders the ability and willingness to understand one’s situation, and to act efficaciously in that situation, irrelevant to accessing what is beautiful and true. Shakespeare thus separates the question of mental capacity from that of felicitous choice. The irony of capacity in “Come, let’s away,” then, is this: that when readers focus on the value of mental capacity and on the power over action that Lear lacks, they miss what his speech does, the lyric capacity that it has.
Impact of Unplanned Readmission on Patient-Reported Outcomes After Cervical Spine Surgery: A National Study of 13 355 Patients
Authors: Pennings Jacquelyn S. , Chanbour Hani , Croft Andrew J. , Vaughan Wilson E. , Khan Inamullah , Davidson Claudia , Bydon Mohammad , Asher Anthony L. , Archer Kristin R. , Gardocki Raymond J. , Berkman Richard A. , Abtahi Amir M. , Stephens Byron F. , Zuckerman Scott L.
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Although risk factors for unplanned readmission after cervical spine surgery have been widely reported, less is known about how readmission itself affects patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Using the Quality Outcomes Database registry of patients undergoing elective cervical spine surgery, we sought to (1) determine the impact of unplanned readmission on PROMs and (2) compare the effect of specific readmission reasons on PROMs.

METHODS:

An observational study was performed using a multi-institution, retrospective registry for patients undergoing cervical spine surgery. The occurrence of 90-day unplanned readmission classified into medical, surgical, pain only, and no readmissions was the exposure variable. Outcome variables included 12-month PROMs of Neck Disability Index (NDI), Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)-neck/arm pain, EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), and patient dissatisfaction. Multivariable models predicting each PROM were built using readmission reasons controlling for demographics, clinical characteristics, and preoperative PROMs.

RESULTS:

Data from 13 355 patients undergoing elective cervical spine surgery (82% anterior approach and 18% posterior approach) were analyzed. Unplanned readmission within 90 days of surgery occurred in 3.8% patients, including medical (1.6%), surgical (1.8%), and pain (0.3%). Besides medical reasons, wound infection/dehiscence was the most common reason for unplanned readmission for the total cohort (0.5%), dysphagia in the anterior approach (0.6%), and wound infection/dehiscence in the posterior approach (1.5%). Based on multivariable regression, surgical readmission was significantly associated with worse 12-month NDI, NRS-neck pain, NRS-arm pain, EQ-5D, and higher odds of dissatisfaction. Pain readmissions were associated with worse 12-month NDI and NRS-neck pain scores, and worse dissatisfaction. For specific readmission reasons, pain, surgical site infection/wound dehiscence, hematoma/seroma, revision surgery, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism were significantly associated with worsened 12-month PROMs.

CONCLUSION:

In patients undergoing elective cervical spine surgery, 90-day unplanned surgical and pain readmissions were associated with worse 12-month PROMs compared with patients with medical readmissions and no readmissions.
Media accountability en Chile: la ‘tradición oral’ como instrumento de autorregulación
Authors: Hormazabal Constanza
Published: February 2024

El concepto de media accountability aborda la responsabilidad de los medios frente a las audiencias y cuáles son los mecanismos e instrumentos para que rindan cuentas frente a la ciudadanía en una sociedad democrática. Sin embargo, desde su función pública, la prensa podría no cumplir su rol normativo y generar daños sin transgredir la ley. Los instrumentos de media accountability permiten salvaguardar la calidad del ejercicio periodístico, fortalecer el desempeño ético y la conciencia profesional, para recuperar la credibilidad, legitimidad y confianza de la opinión pública. Ante los escasos estudios en esta materia en Chile, la presente investigación busca conocer, desde la mirada de los directores y editores de medios de comunicación en el país, el grado de conocimiento y la percepción acerca de indicadores de media accountability de la prensa en este, en específico la autorregulación. A partir de un estudio exploratorio de metodología cualitativa, se realizaron once entrevistas semiestructuradas a responsables de medios de televisión, diarios, radios y digitales del país, quienes dieron cuenta de su visión acerca de cuáles son los mecanismos de autorregulación que existen en Chile, observándose que tales mecanismos se caracterizan por un predominio de la oralidad como un instrumento de autorregulación, una ausencia de otros mecanismos, como los descritos en la literatura, y la identificación de elementos que no son parte de estos instrumentos.
Comunicación de las acciones de sostenibilidad medioambiental en las marcas del sector de la moda
Authors: Orozco-Toro Jaime A. , Forero Sarmiento Valeria
Published: February 2024

La forma en la que las personas consumen se ha transformado a medida que sus preocupaciones y deseos lo han hecho. La moda no ha sido ajena a ello. La afectación del medio ambiente llevó a las marcas de moda a responder, con ayuda del marketing verde y por medio de las diferentes manifestaciones de la moda sostenible, a la demanda de acción por parte de los consumidores. Para realizar esta investigación, fue necesario el diseño de un instrumento de análisis de contenido en el que se midiera el accionar y la comunicación de las marcas frente a la sostenibilidad medioambiental. Estas marcas fueron escogidas a partir de la clasificación de las siete categorías de moda sostenible de la consultora Green Strategy. En los resultados fue evidente que entre las marcas hay desconocimiento al definir claramente conceptos como responsabilidad social y moda sostenible. Eso ha permitido que algunas marcas puedan adjudicarse etiquetas que no les pertenecen, desinformando a sus consumidores, y que otras pierdan la oportunidad de afianzar las relaciones con sus consumidores actuales, o incluso captar nuevos. Además, se encontró que las marcas aún tienen muchas acciones de sostenibilidad medioambiental por explorar.
Adoção tecnológica no setor empresarial: origem, evolução e tendências de pesquisa
Authors: Duque Pedro , Díaz Sergio
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Este artículo presenta un análisis exhaustivo del origen, la evolución y las tendencias actuales de investigación en la adopción tecnológica en el sector empresarial. Introduce una metodología innovadora para mapear el campo, y la integración de las dos principales bases de datos globales mejora la comprensión de las tendencias y la evolución de la investigación en este dominio. Metodología: realizar un análisis bibliométrico de la investigación global sobre la adopción tecnológica en la literatura del sector empresarial, buscando a través de las bases de datos de Scopus y Web of Science (wos) desde el año 2000 hasta el 2022. La literatura se clasifica y analizautilizando el esquema metafórico del árbol de la ciencia, empleando técnicas bibliométricas y herramientas como Bibliometrix, Gephi y Terms of Service. Resultados principales: se identificaron cuatro principales grupos que enmarcan la investigación actual sobre la adopción tecnológica en el sector empresarial: gestión del conocimiento, el factor humano en la adopción tecnológica, innovación y competitividad, y nuevas tecnologías para las organizaciones. Conclusiones: Este artículo contribuye al tema mapeando y estableciendo sus direcciones actuales y futuras de investigación. Además, confirma la estrecha relación entre elementos como la tecnología y la competitividad y el factor humano como elemento catalizador entre ellos.
Climate Regulation and Emissions Abatement: Theory and Evidence from Firms’ Disclosures
Authors: Ramadorai Tarun , Zeni Federica
Published: February 2024

We measure firms’ beliefs about climate regulation, plans for future abatement, and current emissions mitigation from responses to the Carbon Disclosure Project. These measures vary strikingly around the Paris announcement. A dynamic model of a representative firm facing a future carbon levy, trading off abatement and capital growth, and facing convex adjustment costs cannot fit the data. A two-firm model with crossfirm reputational externalities, heterogeneous beliefs over climate regulation, and leader-follower interactions does. Out of sample, the model predicts firms’ reactions when the United States exits the Paris agreement. Firms’ beliefs about climate regulation strongly affect abatement, and crossfirm interactions amplify regulatory impacts.

This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.00482 .
Disclosure, Materiality Thresholds, and the Cost of Capital: Evidence from Federal Open Market Committee Announcements
Authors: Dambra Michael , Velikov Mihail , Weber Joseph
Published: February 2024

We examine how managers’ disclosure decisions vary in response to monetary policy shocks. Specifically, we examine the extent to which firms issue Forms 8-K, press releases, and management forecasts following unexpected changes to the target federal funds rate. We find consistent evidence that unexpected decreases (increases) in the Federal Open Market Committee target rate lead to larger increases (decreases) in disclosure by firms that are more sensitive to monetary policy shocks. Furthermore, the disclosure response to target rate surprises is concentrated in Form 8-K items that require a materiality-based decision and hold when we examine a sample of M&A-participating firms. Extended tests show that our results are not attributable to changes in the cost of capital leading to increased disclosure because firms are simultaneously raising capital or hyping their stock. Overall, our results are consistent with arguments raised in recent research papers that changes in cost of capital influence firms’ materiality thresholds, which can affect their decision to disclose.

This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.01896 .
Dynamic Contracting in Asset Management Under the Investor-Partner-Manager Relationship
Authors: Keppo Jussi , Touzi Nizar , Zuo Ruiting
Published: February 2024

Navigating the Complex Web of Incentives in Asset Management: A Study on Investor, Partner, and Manager Dynamics

In a recent study titled “Dynamic Contracting in Asset Management Under the Investor-Partner-Manager Relationship,” the researchers delve into the intricate world of incentives in asset management. The focus is on the complex interplay of actions and relationships among three key players: an investor, an investment company partner, and a fund manager. This study uniquely explores the challenges of incentive contracts in an environment where the actions of these individuals are not fully observable to each other. It introduces a hierarchical contracting framework to understand the dynamics under the hidden actions. For instance, the research reveals how the optimal action of the manager is influenced by the cost of the partner’s actions and extends the analysis to scenarios involving multiple managers. This work sheds light on the often hidden intricacies of asset management, providing valuable perspectives for the different players’ collaborative efforts for optimal outcomes in this industry.
Hierarchy Conflict: Causes, Expressions, and Consequences
Authors: Schouten Maartje E. , van Knippenberg Daan , Greer Lindred L.
Published: February 2024

Hierarchy conflict, a dispute among members over the rank order of influence in the team, often impairs team processes and outcomes. The current literature often operates from the assumption that self-interest must be high when team members engage in hierarchy conflict. Building on interdependence theory, we propose that hierarchy conflict may also occur when members have a more prosocial motivation, leading to a more constructive expression of the hierarchy conflict and more positive effects on team performance than hierarchy conflict instigated by members with a more proself motivation. Specifically, we argue that the extent to which a team member is more driven by prosocial (versus proself) motivation heightens the threshold and lowers the frequency for engaging in a hierarchy conflict and that more prosocially motivated team members express their challenge of the hierarchy more directly and with less intensity than more proself-motivated members. This sets in motion a hierarchy conflict exchange that is more constructive and helps teams perform better compared with hierarchy conflict instigated by proself motivation. Our theory complements and extends the current study of the causes, expressions, and consequences of hierarchy conflict in teams across multiple levels of analysis and helps redirect the focus of how hierarchy conflict is viewed in the literature.
Multiple sclerosis infusion service during the pandemic: service improvement
Authors: Magill Fiona , Ramsay Stephen , McDonnell Gavin , Hughes Stella
Published: February 2024

Background:

Providing care to multiple sclerosis (MS) patients posed a challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic. Surge plans necessitated an abrupt change of facility for the infusion service, from an acute to a non-acute site.

Aims:

To assess patient satisfaction with the MS infusion service at a new location supervised by MS specialist nurses, in comparison with previous arrangements.

Methods:

Collection of anonymous patient surveys to assess patient demographics and levels of satisfaction across various service domains.

Findings:

Overall, 97% recorded a satisfaction score of ≥8/10. Key areas of improvement included difficulty parking, difficulty accessing the unit, appointment punctuality and comfort. Thematic analysis revealed several key improvement areas such as access to MS nursing knowledge, cannulation and punctuality.

Conclusion:

The urgently relocated service, with better access and specialist nursing input, was associated with improvements in patient experience. Despite unprecedented pressures, unique opportunities resulted in an overall improvement to the MS infusion service.
Multiple sclerosis and lifestyle
Authors: Winter George F.
Published: February 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating neurological condition that affects 2.9 million people worldwide. MS can be debilitating to those who are affected by it and can grossly affect their quality of life. In this article, the author explores the correlation between MS and lifestyle, and how diet and physical activity can alter the course of this disease in patients affected by it.
Enhancing data storage for cloud security
Authors: Ellis Faye
Published: February 2024

The cloud is a pervasive technology, which is why any threat to its security raises significant concerns for an organisation. Unfortunately, too many organisations lack the in-house skills to ensure cloud security. Often, cloud services are managed by people without specific training and qualifications. To help you make sure your use of the cloud doesn't leave you at risk, this article offers five steps for improving your security.
Managing private content exposure risk in 2024
Authors: Freestone Tim
Published: February 2024

Keeping data safe has never been more difficult, and this is situation that is likely to get worse as the technologies available to attackers becomes more sophisticated. In addition, the adoption of AI technology by organisations will lead to novel vulnerabilities. It's time for organisations to improve their data security – ideally hand-in-hand with the new technologies. Otherwise they risk catastrophic breaches.
Comparative Study on the Effect of Hot Air and Vacuum Drying on Physiochemical Properties and antioxidant Activities of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Peel
Authors:   Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Vinh Long University of Technology Education, Vinh Long, 85110, Vietnam, Tran Hong Quan , Tran Tieu Yen ,   Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Vinh Long University of Technology Education, Vinh Long, 85110, Vietnam, Giap Pham Ngoc Tram ,   Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Vinh Long University of Technology Education, Vinh Long, 85110, Vietnam, Nguyen Phung Tien ,   Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Vinh Long University of Technology Education, Vinh Long, 85110, Vietnam, Karnjanapratum Supatra ,   Division of Marine Product Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand, Rawdkuen Saroat ,   Unit of Innovative Food Packaging and Biomaterials School of Agro-Industry, Mae Fah Luang University, 333 Moo 1, Thasud, Muang, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
Published: February 2024

The red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel was subjected to freeze drying (FD), hot air drying (at 50 – 65°C) (HAD), and vacuum drying (at 50 – 65°C) (VD), in which physical properties (color, water activity, water absorption index-WAI, and microstructure), bioactive compounds (ascorbic acid, betacyanin, polyphenol, and flavonoid), and antioxidant activities (DPPH and metal chelating activities) were monitored. The results showed that the lightness (L*) of red dragon fruit peel (RDFP) decreased as HAD and VD were applied especially at higher drying temperatures. Whereas the water absorption index (WAI) of the RDFP was not affected by drying methods. The microstructure surfaces of FD-dried RDFP were smoother than those of samples dried by HAD and VD-dried RDFP. After the drying processes, the bioactive compounds and antioxidative properties of the RDFP powder decreased significantly. However, higher bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in RDFP dried by VD compared to the samples dried by HAD at the same drying temperatures. The RDFP powder dried by VD at 55°C retaining high physiochemical and antioxidative properties could be utilized as a colorant and nutraceutical ingredient in several food products. Keywords: Red dragon fruit peel, Freeze drying, Vacuum drying, Hot air drying, Bioactive compounds, Antioxidant activity
LITERATURA Y EXILIOS EN COLOMBIA: REFLEXIONES LITERARIAS EN TORNO A UNA FUTURA BIBLIOTECA DEL EXILIO EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Bejarano Hernández Julio Alberto
Published: February 2024

En nuestro artículo proponemos un acercamiento filosófico a la cuestión del exilio en Colombia desde la perspectiva crítica de Agamben y Franco Rella. En un primer momento, trabajamos en una lectura teórica e histórica sobre el exilio, y luego sugerimos algunas vías posibles para construir una biblioteca de escritores exiliados colombianos. Nuestra pregunta de investigación parte del contexto del pos-conflicto en Colombia y de la necesidad del reconocimiento del exilio y sus particularidades estéticas.
KULTURTRANSFER – KULTUR ALS TRANSFER. WIE FAST ALLES, WAS UNS VERTRAUT IST, EINE MIGRATIONSGESCHICHTE HAT
Authors: Lubrich Oliver
Published: February 2024

Wilhelm Tell ist ein Einwanderer aus der skandinavischen Mythologie, den ein deutscher Dichter in die Schweiz vermittelte. Der spitze Hut der Magier im Märchen, bei Harry Potter oder zu Halloween diente im Mittelalter dazu, Juden zu kennzeichnen. Das Wort ‚Tabu‘, das in unserer Psychologie nicht mehr wegzudenken ist, brachte James Cook aus der Südsee mit. Der Name des Online-Händlers Amazon geht zurück auf den eines südamerikanischen Flusses ―und dieser wiederum auf die Legenden von einem asiatischen Frauenvolk. Fast alles, was uns vertraut ist, hat einen Migrationshintergrund. Objekte, Symbole, Ideen und Begriffe wandern und verändern dabei ihre Bedeutungen: von der Kartoffel über Superman bis zum @-Zeichen oder zum Hakenkreuz. Was Fundamentalisten für ureigen halten, ist eigentlich fremd. Was wir ‚Kultur‘ nennen, ist das Ergebnis von ‚Transfers‘. ‚Aneignungen‘ sind der Normalfall. Der Beitrag berichtet aus einem Forschungsprojekt, das der Verfasser zusammen mit dem Anthropologen Michael Toggweiler und dem Komparatisten und Schriftsteller Raoul Schrott durchführt.
heterodoxas: María Zambrano y Laurette Séjourné
Authors: Cámara Madeline
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo analiza las resonancias entre el pensamiento de María Zambrano y Laurette Séjourné —arqueóloga italiano-mexicana a la que Zambrano se sintió muy cercana—, a partir del análisis de las cartas que ambas intercambiaron, localizadas en la actualidad en la Fundación María Zambrano. Tras una comparación de algunos momentos de la trayectoria vital e intelectual de cada una de ellas, el trabajo se detiene en los aspectos compartidos de sus respectivas contribuciones al pensamiento del siglo xx: el «método de la razón poética» de Zambrano y el «mensaje de Quetzalcóatl», que propone Séjourné.
Els «Altres Assaigs» de Jaume Serra Húnter: inèdits catalans en la seva obra pòstuma
Authors: Jiménez Guirao Jordi
Published: February 2024

Els «Altres assaigs» de Jaume Serra Húnter van aparèixer editats en traducció castellana al final del seu llibre pòstum El pensamiento y la vida: estímulos para filoso far de 1945, publicat a Mèxic. L’original en català, en canvi, tot i que també comptava amb uns «Altres estudis pòstums», no incorporava cinc d’aquests textos que van ro mandre exclusius de l’edició castellana. Una reedició digital bilingüe recent, publicada l’any 2020 per la UNAM, afegeix més confusió al separar aquests estudis pòstums en dos capítols diferenciats. D’on surten, doncs, aquests «Altres assaigs»? Pretenem primer contextualitzar l’aparició d’aquesta obra per poder formular una hipòtesi que reforça la necessitat urgent d’elaborar un catàleg i una classificació acurada de l’obra de Jaume Serra Húnter i deixar d’usar una terminologia equívoca o errònia. Després, dediquem la part principal del text a restituir a la seva llengua original aquests articles que només es coneixien fins ara en una traducció de Pere Matalonga
Bernat Castany Prado. Una filosofía del miedo
Authors: Lorente Martínez Óscar-Daniel
Published: February 2024

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Núria Sara Miras Boronat. Filòsofes de la contemporaneïtat
Authors: Mas Sala Alba
Published: February 2024

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La proyección de la cultura visual en el dibujo infantil. Un análisis desde la perspectiva de género en Educación Primaria
Authors: Gutiérrez Ajamil Estíbaliz , Valor Azurmendi Ibai , Pérez de Pipaón Expósito Galder , Fernández Cortázar Aritz
Published: February 2024

Este estudio busca identificar la influencia de la cultura visual, y en concreto de los estereotipos de género en el imaginario infantil. Para ello se analizan cualitativamente una muestra de 224 dibujos realizados por 72 participantes de entre 5 y 12 años en tres centros de Educación Primaria de Euskadi. Los resultados gráficos muestran unos claros rasgos sexistas que no concuerdan con el discurso verbal de sus autores sobre la igualdad entre géneros. Los estereotipos identificados en los dibujos se ajustan totalmente a las imágenes idealizadas de los modelos de hombre y mujer hegemónicos en nuestra cultura visual. Por tanto, se puede concluir que el dibujo es una herramienta útil para detectar los estereotipos arraigados en el imaginario infantil, y que la escuela debe nutrir al alumnado de referentes visuales que ayuden a ampliar su perspectiva respecto a modelos no normativos que favorezcan la diversidad dentro de las aulas.
En el centenari de l’assassinat de Salvador Seguí, el Noi del Sucre (1887-1923)
Authors: Bengoechea Echaondo Soledad
Published: February 2024

Salvador Seguí, el Noi del Sucre, fou el líder de la Confederació Nacional del Treball (cnt) a Catalunya durant el període més dur i conflictiu de l’organització. El seu lideratge fou combatiu a la vegada que conciliador, la qual cosa va convertir-lo en un blanc de la patronal. De formació autodidàctica, era partidari d’educar la classe treballadora com a pas previ a la revolució social contra el capitalisme. Dues idees, la cultura com a palanca d’alliberament personal i el sindicat com a eina d’alliberament col·lectiva, van modelar el seu ideari. La seva concepció original del paper dels sindicats en la vida pública podria haver obert escenaris interessants per al desenvolupament de la cnt en un context democràtic. No obstant això, el projecte de Seguí es va veure truncat a causa de la seva precoç defunció. Quan només tenia trenta-cinc anys, el 10 de març de 1923, va caure assassinat per pistolers dels Sindicats Lliures, tot indica que a sou de la patronal. Desapareixia així un dirigent que havia encarnat la voluntat unitària d’un anarcosindicalisme de negociació sense perdre de vista l’objectiu revolucionari a llarg termini.
Gutmaro Gómez Bravo y Diego Martínez López, Esclavos del Tercer Reich. Los españoles en el campo de Mauthausen, Cátedra, Madrid, 2022, 408 pp
Authors: Brenneis Sara J.
Published: February 2024

Las historias contemporáneas de la deportación de miles de españoles al campo de concentración de Mauthausen son escasas, especialmente en comparación con el cuerpo de estudio sobre el Holocausto, la Segunda Guerra Mundial y la Guerra Civil Española.
Los hombres de Franco en Barcelona. Los procesos de selección de gobernadores civiles en la dictadura franquista (1960-1966)
Authors: Sanz Hoya Julián
Published: February 2024

Los gobiernos civiles constituyeron la principal institución de la dictadura franquista para asegurar el control social y desplegar sus políticas en las provincias, y el Gobierno Civil de Barcelona fue, sin duda, el de mayor relevancia. Por ello la historiografía ha dedicado una especial atención a la significación y la gestión de los gobernadores-jefes provinciales, que gozaban de extensas competencias y una amplia discrecionalidad. Sin embargo, no conocemos mucho sobre cómo se producían los ceses y, sobre todo, los nombramientos de los gobernadores, cómo y quiénes seleccionaban los posibles candidatos y qué factores se valoraban en este tipo de decisiones. Con el objetivo de atender estas cuestiones, este artículo se centra en los procesos de relevo y nombramiento de gobernadores de Barcelona que se gestaron durante los años iniciales e intermedios de la década de 1960, usando para ello documentación inédita de archivo procedente del Ministerio de la Gobernación. Con ello, se pretende conocer mejor estos procesos, las relaciones entre Gobernación y la dirección del partido único (FET-JONS), los candidatos valorados y los motivos para todo ello. Los resultados pueden contribuir a entender mejor el funcionamiento de las lógicas internas de poder en la dictadura, atendiendo a las pugnas y las interrelaciones entre proyectos y culturas políticas, instituciones y clientelas.
Versatile terahertz metasurface: dynamic switching between electromagnetically induced transparency and perfect absorption
Authors: Zhang Shuzhao , Qi Yunping , Zhou Zihao , Shi Qiang , Wang Li , Luo Bing
Published: February 2024

This paper introduces a versatile metasurface based on vanadium dioxide (VO2) and graphene that seamlessly transitions between electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and multi-band absorption through VO2’s phase change property. When VO2 is in a dielectric state, the device can generate EIT. This configuration allows dynamic tuning of the central frequency by adjusting the graphene’s Fermi levels (E
f
), achieving a remarkable group delay of 1.42 ps. When VO2 is in a metallic state, the structure facilitates a Fabry–Perot resonance between the VO2 layer at the bottom and the graphene layer at the top, leading to exceptional light absorption. Specifically, absorptivity of 99.8% and 99.4% is achieved at 1.66 THz and 2.87 THz, respectively. In addition, these two resonance peaks can also be dynamically adjusted by modulating E
f
. Furthermore, the device serves as a highly sensitive sensor with sensitivity up to 0.65 THz/RIU. Notably, both absorption and EIT modes are polarization-insensitive and exhibit tolerance to a wide range of incidence angles. Consequently, the proposed device holds significant promise across various applications within the electromagnetic field, including tunable devices, absorbers, sensors, slow-light devices, and so on.
2.8-µm polarization-maintaining Er fiber laser mode-locked by a GaSb-based SESAM
Authors: Normani Simone , Idlahcen Saïd , Loiko Pavel , Hatim Saad , Hanzard Pierre-Henry , De Paula Alisson Rodrigues , Guillemot Lauren , Godin Thomas , Berthelot Thibaud , Cozic Solenn , Poulain Samuel , Koivusalo Eero , Guina Mircea , Camy Patrice , Hideur Ammar
Published: February 2024

A GaSb-based SEmiconductor Saturable Absorber Mirror (SESAM) enables continuous-wave picosecond mode-locked operation with excellent stability of a polarization-maintaining mid-infrared Er:ZBLAN fiber laser. The GaSb-based SESAM mode-locked fiber laser delivers an average output power of 190 mW at 2.76 µm at a repetition rate of 32.07 MHz (corresponding to a pulse energy of ∼6 nJ) and exhibits a high signal-to-noise ratio of ∼80 dB. The polarization extinction ratio is more than 23 dB. By employing an intracavity diffraction grating, the laser wavelength is continuously tunable across 2.706–2.816 µm. Passively Q-switched operation of this laser is also demonstrated.
Temporally-topological defect modes in photonic time crystals
Authors: Lin Mi , Ahmed Shakeel , Jamil Maryam , Liang Zixian , Wang Qiong , Ouyang Zhengbiao
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we investigate the properties of temporally-topological defect modes (TTDMs) (or temporally-topological interface states) in the topological photonic time crystal (PTC) systems. The PTC systems are constructed by the cascade of multiple sub-PTCs that possess temporal inversion symmetries and different topologies. The cases of two-, three-, and multiple-sub-PTC for the topological PTC system are studied. By transfer matrix method, we find that the TTDMs appear when the topological signs of the corresponding gaps in the sub-PTCs are different. The positions of TTDMs can be adjusted by changing the modulation strength of the refractive index, the time duration, and the period of the sub-PTCs. Moreover, the number of TTDMs is one less than the number of sub-PTCs. In addition, the robustness of the systems is also studied. We find that the topological PTC systems have good robustness, especially on the random configuration of the refractive index and time duration for the temporal slabs in the systems. Such research may provide a new degree of freedom for PTC applications, such as novel PTC lasers, tunable band-stop or band-suppression PTC filters, and many others, in the field of integrated photonic circuits for optical communications.
Characterizing chiroptical properties of 2D/3D structures based on an improved coupled dipole theory
Authors: Shi Yuyin , Zhang Wei
Published: February 2024

To reveal the difference/connection between two-dimensional and three- dimensional (2D and 3D) chiroptical properties and their relation with 2D/3D symmetry/breaking, we develop an improved coupled dipole theory (ICDT) based on a model system of nanorod (NR) dimer. Our analytical ICDT can overcome the shortcoming of the traditional coupled dipole theory and points out the important role of scattering circular dichroism (SCD) in characterizing 2D chirality. The ICDT, supported by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation, reveals the physical origin of 2D chiroptical response: the interaction induced asymmetric effective polarizability for two identical NRs in a symmetry broken configuration. By tuning the NR’s position/inter-particle distance, we find an optimal structure of maximum SCD due to the competition between geometric symmetry breaking and interaction. In addition, the interplay between 2D in-plane mirror symmetry breaking and three-dimensional (3D) mirror symmetry breaking leads to a symmetry broken system with zero SCD. The relation between chirality and reciprocity has also been addressed.
Compact freeform-surface-based Offner imaging spectrometer with both a long-slit and broadband
Authors: Sun Shujun , Gao Yanhong , Ji Yiqun , Zhao Shijia , Han Jizhou , Wang Chinhua
Published: February 2024

Current imaging spectrometers with conventional optical elements face major challenges in achieving a large field of view (FOV), broadband and compact structure simultaneously. In this paper, a compact freeform-surface-based Offner imaging spectrometer with both a long-slit and a broadband (CISLS) is proposed. To keep a long slit and an anastigmatic imaging, the slit off-axis amount of the initial system is within a specific range theoretically. While to achieve a compact structure, the slit off-axis amount should be away from the specific range and as small as possible. Based on the vector aberration theory and the analytical study, Zernike polynomial terms Z5 and Z6 introduce the astigmatism independent of FOV. They are utilized to well balance the astigmatism when the slit off-axis amount is away from the specific range, helping a miniaturization of the system. Other Zernike polynomial terms below the eighth order introduce the astigmatism related to FOV. They contribute to balancing the astigmatism that produced with the increasing of the FOV, thus achieving a wide FOV. The design results show that the proposed CISLS with a high spectral resolution of 2.7 nm achieves a long slit of 30 mm in length but a small size of only 60 mm × 64 mm × 90 mm in volume under a broadband from 400 nm to 1000 nm.
Observation of quantum-correlated twin beams in cascaded nonlinear interactions
Authors: Castrignano Salvatore , Ricciardi Iolanda , Maddaloni Pasquale , De Natale Paolo , Wabnitz Stefan , De Rosa Maurizio
Published: February 2024

We report on the generation of twin beams through a cascaded process of optical parametric oscillation in a doubly resonant second-harmonic generation system. These bright beams exhibit strong quantum correlations, enabling the observation of up to 5 dB of noise reduction in their intensity difference below the standard quantum limit.
Interplay between gain and loss in arrays of nonlinear plasmonic nanoparticles: toward parametric downconversion and amplification
Authors: Shah Syed A. , Clark Michael R. , Zyss Joseph , Sukharev Maxim , Piryatinski Andrei
Published: February 2024

With the help of a theoretical model and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations based on the hydrodynamic–Maxwell model, we examine the effect of difference-frequency generation (DFG) in an array of L-shaped metal nanoparticles (MNPs) characterized by intrinsic plasmonic nonlinearity. The outcomes of the calculations reveal the spectral interplay between gain and loss in the vicinity of the fundamental frequency of the localized surface plasmon resonances. Subsequently, we identify different array thicknesses and pumping regimes facilitating parametric amplification and spontaneous parametric downconversion. Our results suggest that the parametric amplification regime becomes feasible on a scale of hundreds of nanometers and spontaneous parametric downconversion on the scale of tens of nanometers, opening up new exciting opportunities for developing building blocks of photonic metasurfaces.
Multispectral stealth multilayer etched film structure based on ultrathin silver
Authors: Wang Heyan , Ren Yingzheng , Geng Wenjing , Han Lin , Zhang Yilei , Zheng Danni , Lu Zhengang , Tan Jiubin
Published: February 2024

Spontaneous infrared radiation dissipation is a critical factor in facilitating object cooling, which influences the thermal stability and stealth efficacy of infrared stealth devices. Furthermore, the compatibility between efficient visible, infrared, and radar stealth is challenging due to different camouflage principles in different bands. This Letter presents a five-layer etched film structure to achieve multispectral stealth, and the utilization of the high-quality ultrathin silver films enables highly efficient infrared selective emission. This etched film structure with few layers demonstrates potential applications in diverse domains, including multi-band anti-detection and multispectral manipulation.
Loading-effect-based three-dimensional microfabrication empowers on-chip Brillouin optomechanics
Authors: Lei Peng , Xu Mingyu , Bai Yunhui , Chen Zhangyuan , Xie Xiaopeng
Published: February 2024

The acousto-optic interaction known as stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) has emerged as a fundamental principle for realizing crucial components and functionalities in integrated photonics. However, the main challenge of integrating Brillouin devices is how to effectively confine both optical and acoustic waves. Apart from that, the manufacturing processes for these devices need to be compatible with standard fabrication platforms and streamlined to facilitate their large-scale integration. Here, we demonstrate a novel, to the best of our knowledge, suspended nanowire structure that can tightly confine photons and phonons. Furthermore, tailored for this structure, we introduce a loading-effect-based three-dimensional microfabrication technique, compatible with complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology. This innovative technique allows for the fabrication of the entire structure using a single-step lithography exposure, significantly streamlining the fabrication process. Leveraging this structure and fabrication scheme, we have achieved a Brillouin gain coefficient of 1100 W−1m−1 on the silicon-on-insulator platform within a compact footprint. It can support a Brillouin net gain over 4.1 dB with modest pump powers. We believe that this structure can significantly advance the development of SBS on chip, unlocking new opportunities for a large-scale integration of Brillouin-based photonic devices.
A handheld luminometer with sub-attomole limit of detection for distributed applications in global health
Authors: Lebel Paul , Elledge Susanna , Wiener Diane M. , Jeyakumar Ilakkiyan , Phelps Maíra , Jacobsen Axel , Huynh Emily , Charlton Chris , Puccinelli Robert , Mondal Prasenjit , Saha Senjuti , Tato Cristina M. , Gómez-Sjöberg Rafael
Published: February 2024

Luminescence is ubiquitous in biology research and medicine. Conceptually simple, the detection of luminescence nonetheless faces technical challenges because relevant signals can exhibit exceptionally low radiant power densities. Although low light detection is well-established in centralized laboratory settings, the cost, size, and environmental requirements of high-performance benchtop luminometers are not compatible with geographically-distributed global health studies or resource-constrained settings. Here we present the design and application of a ~$700 US handheld, battery-powered luminometer with performance on par with high-end benchtop instruments. By pairing robust and inexpensive Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) sensors with a low-profile shutter system, our design compensates for sensor non-idealities and thermal drift, achieving a limit of detection of 1.6E-19 moles of firefly luciferase. Using these devices, we performed two pilot cross-sectional serology studies to assess sars-cov-2 antibody levels: a cohort in the United States, as well as a field study in Bangladesh. Results from both studies were consistent with previous work and demonstrate the device’s suitability for distributed applications in global health.