bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A diagnostic challenge of invasive sellar neuroaspergillosis in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Mohanty Pranita , Lenka Anasuya , Govardhan T. , Panigrahi Souvagya
Published: June 2021

The commonest differential for sellar space occupying lesion is tumor, and clinicians would rarely consider aspergillosis at this location in an immunocompetent patient. Hence, a high index of suspicion clinically and histological confirmation are required to reach the diagnosis. Here, we report a case of such, a 28-year-old immunocompetent male presented with headache, vomiting, and diplopia for 7 days without any history of convulsion, unconsciousness or nasal symptoms. His magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography of the brain and pituitary gland were suggestive of a primary bone tumor or pituitary macroadenoma of the sellar region. He then underwent surgery, and intraoperative squash cytology, frozen section, and fine-needle aspiration cytology of aspirated pus revealed necrotizing granulomatous lesion of fungal etiology. Postoperative histopathology and special stains (periodic acid-Schiff, Gomori methenamine silver) confirmed invasive aspergillosis, and Aspergillus flavus was isolated by pus culture. The surgery was followed by systemic voriconazole therapy, and there were no further complications.
Adenomyomatosis of the gall bladder in an 8-year-old girl
Authors: Shih Tune-Yie , Hsu Wei-Yun , He Hong-Lin
Published: June 2021

Adenomyomatosis of the gall bladder (AMG), with its characteristic Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses, is a rare disease in children, and only 13 pediatric cases have been reported in the literature. An 8-year-old girl was diagnosed in our institute with symptomatic gall bladder adenomyomatosis and received cholecystectomy with uneventful postoperative course. The pediatric AMG should be regarded as a special type of AMG with different pathophysiology and natural course from those of the adults. Thus, the surgical indications of AMG in children should be considered meticulously to avoid unnecessary cholecystectomy..
Retroperitoneal fetiform teratoma in an infant
Authors: Gupta Rahul , Mittal Priyanka , Jindal Arpita , Mathur Praveen , Jakhar Sunil , Bhandari Anu
Published: June 2021

Fetus in fetu is a rare intra-abdominal mass secondary to abnormal embryogenesis in a diamniotic monochorionic pregnancy. Teratoma, unlike fetus in fetu, does not show the vertebral axis or regional distribution of the organs. We report a 9-month-old male infant who presented with a large abdominal lump. The retroperitoneal mass was excised. On opening the sac, well-formed fetus-like structure was seen. The mass was connected to a yolk sac-like structure. The mass had the rudimentary head, thorax, abdomen, and finger-like buds giving a fetiform appearance but without vertebral column. Histopathological examination confirmed fetiform teratoma. The outcome was favorable.
An Empirical Study on Challenges Faced by the Elderly in Care Centres
Authors: Li Jie , Wei Goh Wei , Jhanjhi NZ , Binti Md Isa Filzah , Balakrishnan Sumathi
Published: June 2021

INTRODUCTION: The fact of our lives is that we will be reaching to elderly life stage sooner or later. Our elderly community has been left far behind of new technology updates. Technology advances just as age is catching up on us. To many who are in their twilight years, using cutting edge technologies may be a hurdle in their activities of daily living (ADLs).OBJECTIVES: Therefore, this study aims to identify and measure the ADL challenges that the elderly encounter and improve their quality of life (QoL).METHODS: This research embarked on semi-structured interviews at 9 geriatric care centres in Malaysia to investigate the ADL challenges by the elderly residents. The thematic analysis approach was employed for data analysis and further discussion.RESULTS: The research findings suggested that the QoL of the elderly is limited by the challenges of geriatric issues, poor living conditions, and technology acceptance barriers.CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the current research provides an overview of the ADL challenges faced by the elderly with recommendations of user-centred Internet of Things (IoT) devices for elderly to use in an ambient assisted living (AAL) environment in Society 5.0.
m-health services for COVID-19 afflicted and infected victims
Authors: Sharma Manik
Published: June 2021

-
Unsettled Issues Concerning the Opportunities and Challenges of eVTOL Applications during a Global Pandemic
Authors:   International Vehicle Research, Doo Johnny
Published: June 2021

Electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft technology has developed beyond the traditional aviation industry and now influences the creation of new and novel transportation applications. Some experts even suggest on-demand eVTOL logistics capabilities could be harnessed by crisis response teams to c ombat a future pandemic. The lessons of the COVID-19 crisis highlighted the challenges of managing a global pandemic response due to the difference in regional and local resources, culture, and political systems. Although there may not be a uniform crisis management strategy that the world can agree on, next-generation vertical flight vehicles could be used to distribute limited medical equipment, supplies, and personnel to hot spots faster than conventional aircraft or ground vehicles. However, creating this capability is not easy. This SAE EDGE™ Research Report by Johnny Doo addresses the opportunities and challenges of establishing an eVTOL fleet, including deployment, supporting infrastructure, and fleet management.
Unsettled Topics on Surface Finishing of Metallic Powder Bed Fusion Parts in the Mobility Industry
Authors:   The Barnes Global Advisors, Slattery Kevin
Published: June 2021

Laser and electron-beam powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing (AM) technology has transitioned from prototypes and tooling to production components in demanding fields such as medicine and aerospace. Some of these components have geometries that can only be made using AM. Initial applications either take advantage of the relatively high surface roughness of metal PBF parts, or they are in fatigue, corrosion, or flow environments where surface roughness does not impose performance penalties. To move to the next levels of performance, the surfaces of laser and electron-beam PBF components will need to be smoother than the current as-printed surfaces. This will also have to be achieve on increasingly more complex geometries without significantly increasing the cost of the final component. Unsettled Topics on Surface Finishing of Metallic Powder Bed Fusion Parts in the Mobility Industry addresses the challenges and opportunities of this technology, and what remains to be agreed upon by the industry.
Folk High School as a Supportive Environment for Participants with High-Functioning Autism
Authors: Hedegaard Joel , Hugo Martin , Bjursell Cecilia
Published: June 2021

The aim of this article is to explore the Folk High School as a supportive environment for participants with neuropsychiatric functional impairments, primarily high-functioning autism, from the perspectives of the participants, the staff, and the principals. The participants’ perspective consisted of 21 interviews, the teachers’ perspective was observed in three focus-group interviews, and the principal’s perspective through 19 telephone interviews. Folk High School is shown to be supportive because it: (i) creates a safe and caring environment, (ii) places the individual participant at the centre of its operations, and (iii) is based on the provision and articulation of clear structures. A limited focus on the classroom and the course content is too narrow for a group of individuals with high-functioning autism. It is important to examine the relationships between different categories of workers and how they, in an interwoven symbiotic system, can provide the participants with the best possible conditions for learning.
Exploring factors influencing health-seeking decisions and retention in childhood cancer treatment programmes: perspectives of parents in Ghana
Authors: Renner Lorna Awo , McGill Deborah
Published: June 2021

Background: Developing countries such as Ghana have very poor childhood cancer survival rates. There is a need to determine reasons for late presentation and treatment abandonment which are major causes of poor survival. Understanding these issues could inform effective strategies for childhood cancer control in resource-constrained settings.Aim: To explore factors influencing parental decision-making for children with cancer in Ghana with regard to health seeking and retention in treatment, in order to provide information that will guide Public Health interventions for childhood cancer control.Method: This exploratory qualitative study was conducted based on an interpretative epistemology using a social constructionist approach. Purposive sampling of parents attending the Paediatric Oncology Unit, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra, Ghana was undertaken. Twelve semi-structured moderate interviews and two small focus group discussions with a total of seven participants were undertaken. Data analysis was through thematic content analysis.Results: Five major themes emerged. Knowledge and perceptions revealed a total lack of appropriate knowledge prior to diagnosis. Health-seeking behaviour was determined by interplay of individual and environmental factors. Orthodox medical treatment was largely perceived favourably. The impact of cancer on parents and children included psychological, physical and socioeconomic effects. Financial, spiritual and psychosocial support helped in coping. Parents recommended public education and health financing to address the major barriers.Conclusion: Broad social determinants and experiences influence parental decision making for children with cancer. This implies Health Promotion strategies with multi-sectorial involvement will be required for effective implementation of the National Strategy for Cancer Control.Funding: Funded by authorsKeywords: Childhood cancer, parent perspectives, Ghana
Long-term continuous administration of a hydro-ethanolic extract of Synedrella nodiflora (L) Gaertn in male Sprague-Dawley rats: biochemical, haematological and histopathological changes
Authors: Amoateng Patrick , Adjei Samuel , Osei-Safo Dorcas , Ahedor Believe , Mahmood Seidu A , N’guessan Benoit B , Asiedu-Gyekye Isaac J , Nyarko Alexander K
Published: June 2021

Background: Conflicting reports about the toxicity of Synedrella nodiflora (L) Gaertn (family Asteraceae), a plant traditionally used in Ghana for the management of epilepsy, abound in literature. The present study evaluates the effect of a 90-day continuous oral administration of a hydro-ethanolic whole plant extract of Synedrella nodiflora (SNE) in male Sprague-Dawley rats.Methods: The toxicological evaluation of the extract (100, 300 and 1000 mgkg-1) was focused on haematological, serum biochemical parameters and histopathological changes of some isolated organs.Results: The extract produced no mortality in the rats treated during the study period. Only SNE 100 mgkg-1 produced significant decrease in white blood cell and neutrophil counts and an increase in albumin, globulin, total bilirubin, total protein and potassium levels. The higher doses (SNE 300 and 1000 mgkg-1) had no significant effect on all the haematological and biochemical parameters measured. Histopathological assessment of the liver, kidney and heart revealed no abnormalities in rats treated with the extracts. Only the SNE 1000 mgkg-1 produced distortions of the branching arrangements of the myocardial fibres and a congested vessel which indicates a healed infarction.Conclusions: The findings suggest hydro-ethanolic extract of Synedrella nodiflora (L) Gaertn generally has a low toxicity profile following a 90-day continuous oral administration in male Sprague-Dawley rats under the present laboratory conditions. However patients with renal or cardiac problems should use the plant with caution.Funding: Jointly supported by the International Foundation for Science, Stockholm, Sweden, through a grant (# F/5191-1) to Dr. Patrick Amoateng and the Office of Research, Innovation and Development (ORID), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana, grant awarded to Dr. Patrick Amoateng (reference number: URF/6/ILG-002/2012-2013)Keywords: : Synedrella nodiflora, Sprague-Dawley rats, histopathological, haematological
Factors influencing use of analgesics among construction workers in the Ga-East municipality of the Greater Accra region, Ghana
Authors: Badzi Caroline D , Ackumey Mercy M
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Analgesics also known as painkillers are widely used for pain relief. There are severe health implications associated with excessive use of analgesics. This paper examines factors influencing the use of analgesics among construction workers in the Ga-East Municipality (GEM) of the Greater Accra region of Ghana.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study involving 206 construction workers randomly sampled from 7 construction sites in the GEM. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit responses on knowledge of analgesics, types of analgesics used and factors influencing the use of analgesics. Chi-square test analysis was used to examine factors influencing analgesic use.RESULTS: The majority of workers were aged between 15 to 44 years (89.8%) and 51.9 percent of respondents had completed Junior high school. Many respondents (68.0%) used Brand 1 a locally manufactured analgesic with paracetamol, aspirin and caffeine as the active ingredients and 31.6 percent of respondents had no knowledge of possible side effects of continuous use of analgesics. Chi square analysis showed that age was significantly associated with use of analgesics (p<0.01). Knowledge of the types of analgesics, dosage and side effects did notinfluence use (p>0.05). Television and radio advertisements influenced use of analgesics (p<0.01).CONCLUSION: Knowledge on analgesic use and knowledge of probable serious side effects was inadequate. Pharmacists and chemists involvement in education of clients of the side effects of analgesics is highly recommended to minimise misuse. The Food and Drugs Authority should regulate the proliferation of advertisements for analgesics in the media.Funding: None declaredKeywords: analgesics, NSAIDs, construction workers, over-the-counter drugs, OTC
Iodine levels in brands of salt on the markets of Accra, Ghana
Authors: Doku George N. , Bortey Emmanuel A.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The analysis sought to verify the presence or otherwise and the concentration levels of iodine in the claimed iodated salts on the Ghanaian market.Methods: Eleven (11) most patronized brands of salts, including both local and foreign brands and the raw-pellet salt (crystallized directly from sea water), were obtained from popular shops and markets in Accra. These were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively by titrimetry, involving the iodate-iodide reaction in acid medium that generates molecular iodine (IO3- + I-+ 6H+ → I2 + 3H2O). Results: The iodine content (in ppm) at retail, recorded for the samples are as follows: Sample A (25.4), B (51.8), C (52.9), D (45.5), E (25.4), F (75.1), G (28.6), H (0), I (13.7), J (34.9) and K (16.9). No iodine was observed in the raw-pellet salt (sample H) crystallized directly from sea water, in contrast to the long-held belief that it contains natural iodine. Furthermore, all samples analyzed did not meet the concentration levels indicated on their labels and did not meet the Ghana Standard Authority’s standard. Conclusion: Only samples B and C were close to the Ghana Standard Authority’s specification. The Ghana Standard Authority’s standard of 100ppm at production and 50ppm at retail may be too high or, probably, the salt iodination companies are not adhering to the rules. The authors therefore recommend that the regulatory authorities (The Food and Drugs Authority and The Ghana Standard Authority) regularize their regulatory activities and educate the public appropriately. Funding: The study was self-funded by the researchers/authors.Keywords: Iodated salts; analysis; iodine levels.
Mothers’ perspectives of newborn hearing screening programme
Authors: Jatto Mercy E. , Ogunkeyede Segun A. , Adeyemo Adebolajo A. , Adeagbo Kazeem , Saiki Orinami
Published: June 2021

Background: Newborn hearing screening programs identifies newborns with hearing loss. The early identification enables prompt intervention through hearing rehabilitation. Accurate knowledge of the program and its benefit will impact on the uptake of the program by the citizenry. We hypothesized that there is a gap in the knowledge of parents on hearing screening and rehabilitation measures in Nigeria.Aim: To determine the knowledge and perceptions of mothers of newborn children on hearing screening.Methods: A cross sectional observational study among mothers of newborn children at immunization clinics. Semi structured questionnaire on gestational duration, mode of delivery, birth asphyxia, knowledge on hearing loss and newborn hearing screening were administered.Results: Participants were 48 mothers with age range from 18 to 42 years. Awareness of newborn hearing screening was poor among the mothers; sources of information on newborn hearing screening were antenatal clinic, mass media and friends. The educational level of the participants had no association with awareness (p = 0.11), but the willingness to accept newborn hearing screening, was associated with socioeconomic status (p = 0.04) and the level of education (p = 0.02). The participants were not aware of factors responsible for hearing loss in childhood.Conclusion: There is inadequate knowledge about newborn hearing screening and risk factors for infant hearing loss among the mothers, though they demonstrate willingness to accept the newborn hearing screening. Funding: None declaredKeywords: Hearing loss, hearing screening, immunization, mother, newborn
Ochrona tajemnicy państwowej w Federacji Rosyjskiej. Wybrane regulacje karne i administracyjne
Authors: Wądołowski Rafał
Published: June 2021

W artykule omówiono regulacje administracyjne dotyczące udostępniania informacji tajnych i ściśle tajnych oraz przedstawiono przepisy karne dotyczące ujawniania tajemnicy państwowej obowiązujące w Federacji Rosyjskiej wraz z ich interpretacją. Autor w odniesieniu do rosyjskich przepisów konstytucyjnych, administracyjnych i karnych wybiorczo przedstawia adekwatne do nich przepisy prawa polskiego. Ponadto w związku z tym, że przepisy prawa karnego nie zawierają definicji terminów użytych do ich konstrukcji, w artykule zaprezentowano przepisy administracyjne rosyjskiego systemu ochrony tajemnic publicznych, które są niezbędne do rekonstrukcji karnych norm prawnych. Na podstawie opracowania sformułowano wniosek, że w polskim ustawodawstwie brakuje odrębnego przepisu penalizującego uzyskanie informacji tajnej lub ściśle tajnej w wyniku popełnienia odrębnego czynu zabronionego. Powyższe może być podstawą do ewentualnych przyszłych zmian legislacyjnych w tym zakresie. Należy zaznaczyć, że artykuł nie wyczerpuje tematu, a jedynie wskazuje wybrane zagadnienia związane z systemem ochrony tajemnicy państwowej w Rosji. Zainicjowana eksploracja może w przyszłości być wykorzystana do pogłębionych badań porównawczych nad zagadnieniem, o którym mowa.

The protection of State Secrets in the Russian Federation. Selected penal and administrative regulations

The article discusses the administrative regulations regarding the disclosure of secret and top-secret information in the Russian Federation. Moreover, it presents the effective penal code provisions directed against the disclosure of state secrets in Russia and the interpretation of these provisions. The author does not limit himself only to Russian constitutional, administrative and criminal regulations but gives examples of Polish corresponding laws. Additionally, in connection with the fact that criminal law provisions often contain non-specific references to other legislation, the article presents administrative acts of the protection system of public secrets. On the basis of the formulated conclusions, it was recognised that the Polish legislation lacks an individual provision penalising the fact of obtaining secret or top-secret information as a result of committing a separate unlawful act. It can be the basis to formulate postulates de lege ferenda. It should be noted that the article does not exhaust the topic, but only indicates selected issues of the protection system of state secrets in Russia. Initiated study can be used to carry out in-depth comparative research on this topic in the future.
Analiza mikrośladów trinadtlenku triacetonu (TATP) w fazie gazowej z zastosowaniem TD-GC/MS
Authors: Jurczak Rafał
Published: June 2021

W artykule opisano metodykę wykrywania trinadtleneku triacetonu (TATP) w postaci par oraz śladów powierzchniowych z wykorzystaniem chromatografi gazowej sprzężonej ze spektrometrią mas wyposażoną w system do termodesorpcji (TD-GC/MS).

Rozwiązania techniczne aparatury analitycznej umożliwiają wybór jednej z dwóch metod wprowadzenia par analitu w celu identyfikacji – pośrednio ze złoża TENAX TA lub bezpośrednio z obiektów badań. Dodatkowo zastosowanie elementu GERSTEL CIS odgrywającego rolę koncentratora substancji powoduje, że jest możliwa identyfikacja już nawet nanośladowych ilości TATP. W artykule przedstawiono schemat działania termodesorpcji w TD-GC/MS z jednoczesnym zwróceniem uwagi na cechy fizyczne substancji warunkujące osiągnięcie zadowalających wyników.

Micro-traces analysis of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) in the form of vapours using TD-GC/MS

The article discusses the method of detecting triacetone triperoxide (TATP) in the form of vapours and surface traces using gas chromatography with a thermal desorption system of mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS). The technical solutions of analytical equipment make it possible to choose one or two methods for introducing analyte vapour for identification – indirectly from the TENAX TA deposit or directly from the research objects. In addition, the use of the GERSTEL CIS element as a substance concentrator renders identification of even nano-trace amounts of TATP possible. The article presents the experimental procedure of the thermal desorption TD-GC/MS and simultaneously draws attention to physical properties of the substance determining the achievement of satisfactory results.
Wpływ dezynfekcji pomieszczeń ozonem na skuteczność ujawniania śladów daktyloskopijnych na powierzchni papieru metodą DFO w dobie pandemii SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Szczepański Tomasz , Więckiewicz Urszula , Konior Barbara , Pucułek Patryk
Published: June 2021

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań, których celem było określenie, w jakim stopniu ozon wykorzystywany do dezynfekcji pomieszczeń wpływa na możliwość ujawnienia metodą DFO śladów linii papilarnych na podłożach papierowych. Gwałtowny wzrost zachorowani na COVID-19 skierował uwagę na dezynfekcję pomieszczeń technikami, które zapewniają bezpieczeństwo ich użytkownikom. Istotne staje się także zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa osobom otrzymującym przesyłki, na których mogą się znajdować patogeny. Ich inaktywacja powinna być dokonana w taki sposób, aby można było przeprowadzić badania pozwalające na identyfikację nadawcy, co jest istotne z punktu widzenia kryminalistyki. Ozonowanie jest techniką dezynfekcji wykorzystywaną od wielu lat, szczególnie do uzdatniania wody, w przemyśle spożywczym. Eksperymenty wykonano w pomieszczeniach o kubaturze ok. 20 m3 przy użyciu generatora ozonu dostępnego na rynku. Uzyskiwane stężenie gazowego ozonu nie przekraczało 10 ppm. Przeprowadzone badania potwierdziły, że ślady linii papilarnych pozostawione na papierze kserograficznym umieszczonym w pomieszczeniu poddanym ozonowaniu w stężeniu nieprzekraczającym 10 ppm nie ulegają zniszczeniu i z powodzeniem mogą być ujawnione metodą DFO. The effect of ozone disinfection of rooms on the efficacy of revealing dactyloscopic traces on the surface of the paper using the DFO method during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic The article presents the results of research aimed at determining the extent to which ozone used for disinfecting rooms affects the possibility of developing fingerprints on paper using the DFO method. A sudden increase in COVID-19 cases has placed the focus on disinfection techniques for user safety. It is also becoming important to ensure the safety of parcels addressed to various recipients by inactivating pathogens, while maintaining the possibility of examination that can identify the sender, which is important from the point of view of forensics. Ozonation is a disinfection technique that has been used for many years, in particular for water treatment or in the food industry. The experiments were carried out in rooms with a cubature of approx. 20 m3 using an ozone generator available on the market. The obtained ozone gas concentration did not exceed 10 ppm. The conducted research confirmed that the traces of fingerprints left on xerographic paper placed in a room subjected to ozonation in a concentration not exceeding 10 ppm are not damaged and can be successfully developed with the DFO method.
Cyberbezpieczeństwo w Grupie Wyszehradzkiej – koncepcje i strategie
Authors: Kudzin-Borkowska Małgorzata
Published: June 2021

W artykule podjęto problematykę cyberbezpieczeństwa w Grupie Wyszehradzkiej. Mimo że w nauce pojawia się wiele terminów dotyczących bezpieczeństwa informacyjnego, jednak w ostatnich latach w dokumentach strategicznych dominuje kategoria pojęciowa „cyberbezpieczeństwo”. W Strategii Bezpieczeństwa Cybernetycznego Unii Europejskiej z 7 marca 2013 r. stwierdza się, że bezpieczeństwo cybernetyczne odnosi się do zabezpieczeń i działań, które mogą być wykorzystywane do ochrony domeny cybernetycznej, zarówno cywilnej, jak i wojskowej, przed tymi zagrożeniami, które dotyczą jej współzależnych sieci i infrastruktury informatycznej oraz które mogą te sieci oraz tę infrastrukturę uszkodzić. Państwa Grupy Wyszehradzkiej wypracowały swoje własne strategie cyberbezpieczeństwa na podstawie światowych wzorców w tej dziedzinie. W tych dokumentach deklarują wprawdzie gotowość współpracy międzynarodowej, także środkowoeuropejskiej, jednak widać, że każde z nich ma ambicje odgrywania roli środkowoeuropejskiego lidera.

Cybersecurity in the Visegrad Group – concepts and strategies

The article discusses the issues of cybersecurity in the Visegrad Group. There is a wide spectrum of information security terminology, but the conceptual category of cybersecurity has dominated strategic documents in recent years. The European Union Cyber Security Strategy of 7, March 2013, claims that cybersecurity commonly refers to the safeguards and actions that can be used to protect the cyber domain, both in the civilian and military fields, from those threats that are associated with or that may harm its interdependent networks and information infrastructure. The Visegrad Group countries have developed their own cybersecurity strategies based on global models in this field. However, in these strategic documents they declare readiness for broad international cooperation, including Central European, it can be seen that each of them strives to play the role of a leader in Central Europe.
Zmiana w postrzeganiu imigracji, integracji, wielokulturowości i zagrożenia islamskim radykalizmem przez władze niektórych państw UE
Authors: Izak Krzysztof
Published: June 2021

Kryzys imigracyjny w 2015 r. stał się motorem dla ruchów i partii negujących dotychczasowy porządek polityczny, także tych, które nie ukrywają swoich ksenofobicznych haseł i idei. Z perspektywy czasu jest coraz więcej oznak, że decyzja o niekontrolowanym przyjęciu uchodźców była bardziej wyrazem myślenia życzeniowego niż racjonalnym rozstrzygnięciem uwzględniającym rzeczywistą sytuację polityczną. Tym samym Europa znalazła się w niebezpiecznej sytuacji, kiedy to z jednej strony rosną w siłę ruchy skrajnie prawicowe, a z drugiej – radykalny islam. Każda z tych formacji legitymizuje swoje istnienie i metody działania istnieniem drugiej strony, a także próbuje doprowadzić do polaryzacji społeczeństwa i stworzenia takiej sytuacji, która niejako wymusi na obywatelach opowiedzenie się po stronie którejś z tych formacji. Paradoksalnie, decyzja kanclerz Merkel znacznie zwiększyła ryzyko wystąpienia takiego scenariusza, dlatego też niemieckie władze postrzegają i islamski, i prawicowy ekstremizm jako stwarzające jednakowe zagrożenie bezpieczeństwa państwa. Jednak dopiero ostatnie zamachy terrorystyczne w październiku i listopadzie 2020 r. we Francji i Niemczech przyczyniły się do zmiany politycznej narracji.

Changes in the perception of immigration, integration, multiculturalism and threats of Islamic radicalism in certain EU member states

The 2015 immigration crisis became a driving force for movements and parties that negate the current political order, including those that do not conceal their xenophobic slogans and ideas. In retrospect, there are more and more signs that the decision to accept the uncontrolled refugee influx was more an expression of wishful thinking than a rational decision, taking into account the actual political situation. Thus, Europe finds itself in a dangerous situation with far-right movements on the one hand, and radical Islam on the other. Each of these formations legitimizes its existence and methods of operation by the existence of the other side, trying to polarize society and create a situation that will somehow force citizens to opt for one of the two options. Paradoxically, Chancellor Merkel’s decision significantly increased the risk of such a scenario, hence the perception of Islamic and right-wing extremism by the German authorities as posing an equal threat to state security. However, it was only the recent terrorist attacks in October and November 2020 in France and Germany that changed the political narrative.
Modelowanie operacji informacyjnych z wykorzystaniem teorii sterowania refleksyjnego
Authors: Karaś Andrzej
Published: June 2021

Współczesne społeczeństwa sączęsto określane mianem społeczeństw informacyjnych. Dzięki rozwojowi sieci Internet praktycznie każda osoba na kuli ziemskiej może zdobyćpotrzebne informacje. Ta możliwośćjest zarazem wadąi zaletą. Informacja jest coraz częściej traktowana jako kolejny rodzaj broni, który może zostaćwykorzystany do realizacji określonych celów. Jednak jużod dawna posługiwano sięniąw celach militarnych oraz politycznych przez dezinformację, propagandęczy prowadzenie wywiadu. Rozwój technologii nadałkonfliktowi informacyjnemu jedynie innąformę. Działania wchodzące w skład operacji informacyjnych sąukierunkowane na wywarcie wpływu przez podmiot sterujący na podmiot sterowany, w celu wykonania przez niego czynności wcześniej założonej przez podmiot sterujący. Celem tego rodzaju konfliktów nie jest przejęcie danego terytorium, skupiająsięone na świadomości danego społeczeństwa. Dlatego teżnależy sięzastanowićnad sposobami oraz możliwościami modelowania oraz symulacji sytuacji strategicznych z niepełnąwiedzą, jakimi sąoperacje informacyjne. Jedno z podejśćdo modelowania operacji informacyjnych jest opisane w teorii sterowania refleksyjnego, która opisuje równieżtechniki ich prowadzenia. W artykule przedstawiono koncept sterowania refleksyjnego oraz model zbudowany na jego podstawie. Information operation modeling using reflexive control theory Modern societies are often referred to as information societies. Thanks to the development of the Internet, virtually every person on the globe can get the information they need. This possibility is both a disadvantage and an advantage. Information is increasingly used as another kind of weapon that can be used to achieve specific goals. However, it has long been used for military and political purposes through disinformation, propaganda and intelligence. The development of technology has only given information conflict a different form. Actions involved in information operations are aimed at exerting influence by the controlling entity on the controlled entity in order to perform an action previously assumed by the controlling entity. The purpose of this type of conflict is not to take over a given territory; they focus on the consciousness of a given society. Hence, it is necessary to consider the ways and possibilities of modelling and simulating strategic situations with incomplete knowledge, which are information operations. One of the approaches to modeling information operations is constituted by the theory of reflexive control, which at the same time describes the techniques of conducting them. The article presents the concept of reflexive control and the model built on its basis.
Normatywne ujęcie czynności operacyjno-rozpoznawczych w aspekcie dowodu nielegalnego
Authors: Nowicki Norbert
Published: June 2021

Zagadnienia omawiane w niniejszym artykule dotyczą statusu normatywnego czynności operacyjno-rozpoznawczych w kontekście ustawy o Policji oraz kodeksu postępowania karnego. Podjęto próbę wskazania warunków, które rzutują na legalny charakter inwigilacji, a co za tym idzie – na skuteczne wykorzystanie materiału operacyjnego w procesie karnym. W tym celu scharakteryzowano niejawną aktywność Policji, wyszczególniając dopuszczalne metody operacyjne oraz definiując czynności operacyjno-rozpoznawcze w świetle literatury przedmiotu. Aby w pełni zobrazować problematykę poruszoną w artykule, przeanalizowano relację prawną między dowodem nielegalnym, o którym mowa w art. 168a kpk, a dowodem z czynności operacyjno-rozpoznawczych, na przykładzie zarządzonej kontroli operacyjnej. Praktyczny wymiar tych rozważań omówiono z punktu widzenia postępowania dowodowego, z uwzględnieniem ról i obowiązków procesowych prokuratora oraz sądu.

Normative approach to operational and reconnaissance activities in terms of illegal evidence

The issues discussed in this article refer to the normative status of operational and investigative activities in the context of the Police Act and the Code of Criminal Procedure. Namely, an attempt was made to demonstrate the conditions that affect the legal nature of surveillance, and thus the effective use of operational material in a criminal trial. For this purpose, the covert activity of the Police has been characterized by listing acceptable operational methods and defining operational and reconnaissance activities in the light of the literature on the subject. Therefore, in order to fully illustrate the issues discussed, an analysis was conducted of the legal relationship between the illegal evidence referred to in Art. 168a of the Code of Criminal Procedure and the evidence from operational and reconnaissance activities, on the example of an ordered operational control. The practical dimension of these considerations is discussed from the point of view of evidence proceedings, taking into account the procedural roles and responsibilities of the prosecutor and the court.
Algorithm Substitution Attacks: State Reset Detection and Asymmetric Modifications
Authors: Hodges Philip , Stebila Douglas
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we study algorithm substitution attacks (ASAs), where an algorithm in a cryptographic scheme is substituted for a subverted version. First, we formalize and study the use of state resets to detect ASAs, and show that many published stateful ASAs are detectable with simple practical methods relying on state resets. Second, we introduce two asymmetric ASAs on symmetric encryption, which are undetectable or unexploitable even by an adversary who knows the embedded subversion key. We also generalize this result, allowing for any symmetric ASA (on any cryptographic scheme) satisfying certain properties to be transformed into an asymmetric ASA. Our work demonstrates the broad application of the techniques first introduced by Bellare, Paterson, and Rogaway (Crypto 2014) and Bellare, Jaeger, and Kane (CCS 2015) and reinforces the need for precise definitions surrounding detectability of stateful ASAs.
VIII edición de Actualízate: La profesión a través del espejo
Authors: Morales Sanabria Carmen
Published: June 2021

SEDIC ha celebrado la VIII edición de la Jornada Actualízate, bajo el título La profesión a través del Espejo. Profesionales de la gestión de la información y la documentación han analizado la epistemología de la documentación, los nuevos estudios y perfiles.
PKM Kemasan Produksi Cairan Desinfektan yang Ramah Lingkungan dan Higienis Sesuai Standar WHO
Authors: Miharja Marjan , Myharto Wiend Sakti , Lermatin Hendrikus , Ndruru Paternus , Lakie Veni Florence , Agustina Linda , Rosyady Adam Mahdi Elrahma
Published: June 2021

The spread of Covid-19 has become one of the people's concerns, starting in the city of Wuhan, China at the end of 2019 when this virus was discovered, the spread of the virus that the antidote has not yet been found is now out of control. More than 200 countries in the world have reported that their people have contracted the Covid-19 virus. Corona Virus Disease 19 has been declared a Global Public Health Emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO) on January 30, 2020. Conditions in Indonesia until Thursday, November 30, 2020, the number of people who tested positive for Covid-19 reached 538,883 cases, 450,518 people recovered and 16,945 of them died. This figure will continue to increase in line with the opinion of some epidemiologists and statistics that a pandemic outbreak will not end quickly. The purpose of this community service activity is to realize one of the contents of Presidential Instruction Number 4 of 2020, namely "Rrefocussing activities, reallocation of budgets and procurement of goods and services in order to accelerate the handling of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)", namely by making and distributing fluids. Disinfectant that is safe and environmentally friendly and recommended by the BPOM and the World Health Organization (WHO) to help people face the New Normal era. The result of this service activity is a disinfectant liquid that is safe and environmentally friendly and is able to anticipate the spread of covid-19 and increase public awareness of the Covid-19 Virus in the face of the New Normal era.
Sistema de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo y la reducción del Índice de Riesgos Laborales
Authors: MUÑOZ CRUZ EDUARDO CLEMENTE , SALAS ZEBALLOS VICTOR RAMIRO
Published: June 2021

La presente investigación se desarrolló en la empresa Niisa Corporation SA, desarrolla sus actividades industriales en el rubro de la agroindustria, dedicada al procesamiento de cereales, el objetivo fue el de determinar cómo se puede reducir los riesgos laborales a través de la implementación del Sistema de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo; la investigación fue del tipo cuantitativa, cuya finalidad fue la aplicación de las técnicas existentes sobre Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, en un nivel pre experimental, empleándose un pre tes y post tes al grupo de control, la población comprendida en el estudio fue de 70 trabajadores. Los resultados obtenidos fueron de una reducción del Índice de Incidentes Laborales del orden del 4.28%, la reducción del Índice de Accidentes Laborales del orden del 2.38%. lo que permitió concluir que la aplicación del Sistema de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, si logra reducir los riesgos laborales permitiendo que los colaboradores puedan desarrollar sus actividades con tranquilidad, incrementando la productividad y hacer competitiva a la empresa en el mercado de cereales.
Influence of plant densities and fertility levels on growth and yield of chickpea (CicerarietinumL.) genotypes
Authors: SINGH GURINDER
Published: June 2021

A field experiment was conducted at Research and Advanced Studies, Dhablan, Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College, Patiala during rabiseason 2019-20 to find out the influence of plant densities and fertility levels on growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes. The experiment was conducted in factorial randomized block design and replicated thrice. The experiment consisted of two genotypes (PBG 7 and GPF 2), two planting densities and two fertility levels. The results revealed that the genotype PBG 7 recorded significantly highestgrain yield (18.01 q ha-1) as compared to genotype GPF2 (16.62 q ha-1). The growth parameters were also higher with genotype PBG 7 followed by GPF 2. The density of 30 × 10 cm recorded. The highest grain and straw yield (17.47 and 22.51 q ha-1)as compared to 45× 10 cm spacing (16.74 and 18.53 q ha-1). However, yield attributes like pods plant-1,grain yield plant-1 and harvest index were higher with wider planting density (45 × 10 cm). Higher fertility level (N30P60K30S20 kg ha-1) produced highest grain yield (17.88 q ha-1) as compared to low fertility levels(16.75 q ha-1). The growth and yield parameters followed the similar trend. The chickpea genotype PBG 7 showed better response to closer planting density and higher fertility level.
COGNITIVE INTEGRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERCULTURAL STUDIES: EDUCATIONAL EXTENSIONS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DIRECTION OF WRITING AND THE SPATIAL REPRESENTATION OF THE CONCEPT OF TIME AS A MODEL
Authors: BERNOUSSI Hasbiya Taifi
Published: June 2021

The concept of time has cultural characteristics, as it is the product of a symbolic communicative context that draws its characteristics from its founding group. Hence, the concept of time is shaped and represented mentally according to its socio-cultural context. Accordingly, it seems legitimate to examine its cultural specificity. This study tackles the nature of the spatial representation of the concept of time, as this latter is carried through cultural mediums, namely the oral and written language. The target group includes 32 unschooled children aged between 10 and 11. It is worth mentioning that many intercultural studies have indicated the existence of a definite, statistically significant relationship between the concept of time on the one hand and the direction of writing on the other hand. As the spatial representation of the concept of time in children of French culture is from left to right, influenced by the direction of French writing. Whereas, the spatial representation of the concept of time in children of French-Maghreb culture is in both directions (rightleft) and (rightleft), that is, in the form of congruous formula between the two directions of French writing from left to right and Arabic from right to left. The study confirms, in its third context, the spatial representation of the concept of time among uneducated children who do not know how to read and write, the results of previous studies on the concept of time in its relationship to the direction of writing. Where the space-time orientation is characterized by the multiplicity and diversity (rightleft, leftright, topbottom, topbottom...), regardless of the direction of presentation of the images by the experimenter. Studies, with their integral depth, confirm that it is a matter of cultural learning; the school institution as a social unit with symbolic and communicative contexts works to impart our concepts, including the concept of time, the characteristics of the socio-cultural context. The child, during his development and passing through socio-cultural institutions, integrates these characteristics in the framework of cognitive units that govern his subsequent cognitive functioning
DIDACTIC CRITIQUE AND INNOVATION TEACHING: TOWARD AN LEARNER, CRITICAL AND CREATIVE
Authors: BAIZA Zouhair
Published: June 2021

Critical text has been given great importance in teaching. The learners get tools to deal with, understand and analyse literature texts. Thus, they can evaluate these texts in an artistic way far from their personal point of view or other previous judgements. Despite the importance of the critique and its teaching in the Arabic language, it still has many obstacles in pedagogical level and so on. These obstacles make innovation teaching, feeling the beauty of style and the development of learners' thinking impossible and out of reach as long as there is still improvisation in didactic critique. Getting over difficulties in teaching critical text and achieving its goals is linked to providing conditions in terms of objectives or the nature of methodological reading. Critical text makes the reader, receiver and learner able to interpret the meaning and read between the lines through filling in the gaps and seeking the hidden meanings. This can only be achieved by using learner's experiences and the way he looks at the world.
El camino del Uruguay hacia la diversificación de su matriz eléctrica - alianzas, interpretaciones y controversias
Authors: Jorge Guillermo
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo se analiza el camino que ha tomado Uruguay a partir del año 2005 para diversificar su matriz eléctrica y hacer frente a las diferentes crisis y tensiones que estresaban su sistema eléctrico. La dependencia del precio internacional del crudo, la exposición a estacionalidades de corto y largo plazo en la producción hídrica, la desinversión y falta de participación estatal anteriores al 2005 llevaron al planteo de una política de expansión a corto, mediano y largo plazo con la cual el Uruguay se pudo posicionar como líder regional en fuentes de generación alternativas. Analizamos en el marco teórico de los sistemas socio-técnicos las alianzas que posibilitaron este desarrollo y analizamos las controversias que se generaron en torno al precio de la energía y al rol del estado como garante de la inversión privada mediante mecanismos financieros de compensación.
Navigating the Social Landscape of School-Based Agricultural Education: A Hermeneutic Phenomenology
Authors: Traini Haley Q. , Stewart Josh , Velez Jonathan J.
Published: June 2021

Despite decades of research about the agriculture teacher shortage problem, we still know little about the ways in which secondary agriculture teachers assume their roles and responsibilities as members of social and cultural communities. Expanding how we have historically researched this problem is crucial, especially if we hope to mitigate the teacher shortage problem. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to use a hermeneutic phenomenology to explore the experiences of secondary agriculture teachers as they navigate, manage, and attend to the landscape of practice in which they live and work. Our specific research questions included, 1) how do agriculture teachers conceptualize the social landscape of SBAE? and 2) how does the landscape influence the way they go about their work? When interpreting the findings through the theoretical lens of Landscapes of Practice, five themes emerged: 1) multiple accountability partners, 2) different people, different expectations, 3) no room for error, 4) arms race, and 5) validation. Our findings illuminate the struggles agriculture teachers encounter as they manage the different people and practices of their work. As a result, we offer implications and recommendations to help propel the profession forward and pose critical questions to further critique current systems in SBAE.