bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of synthesised ultradispersed substances in technological systems
Authors:   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 50 Kharkivske shausse, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, Bodachivska L.Yu.
Published: December 2024

Ultrafine calcium carbonate was synthesized by the exchange reaction and carbonation method with crystallite size of 7-44 nm. The size, polymorphic modification, and morphology of the crystallites were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The main attention is focused on development of methods for the synthesis of ultrafine calcium carbonate directly at the sites of well depressurization (microcracks) and the basics of technology for eliminating or preventing fluid manifestations in oil and gas wells. Depending on the intensity of gas occurrences, gas migration paths, the size of gas pipeline channels, the location of depressurization areas, thermobaric conditions, as well as the technical and operational condition of wells, it is proposed to perform sealing in one of two effective ways.

The first method involves sealing microscopic gas flow channels by transporting highly mobile low-viscosity solutions containing chemical reagents in a colloidal state to the depressurization sites, followed by creating conditions for their reaction and the formation of solid or gel-like sealants. To implement this method, one inverted microemulsion is prepared, the internal phase of which is an aqueous solution with the ionic reagent CaCl2, and the second – with the ionic reagent Na2CO3, which are injected together under stirring by the “jet to jet” method to form CaCO3 crystallites and are pressed by carbon dioxide into the depressurized areas. The second method of sealing microscopic gas flow channels involves transporting a low-viscosity solution containing one of the reagents in a colloidal state and the other reagent in a gaseous state to the depressurization sites, followed by creating conditions for their reaction and the formation of solid or gel-like sealants. The technical result of this method is achieved by the interaction of calcium hydroxide contained in the polar phase of the inverted micelle with carbon dioxide, which is pre-filled into the well. The permeability of CO2 through the membrane-like adsorption-solvent shell of biosynthetic surfactants around the calcium hydroxide facilitates the formation of CaCO3 and the pushing of ultrafine calcium carbonate by carbon dioxide into the gas-fluid channels. The well is treated using the “sliding tamping” method in the repression-depression mode.
PROGRAMMED CONTROL OF ADDITIONAL DEPLOYMENT OF A SPACE TETHER WITH RECOVERY OF ITS INITIAL VERTICAL ORIENTATION
Authors:   Department of Navigation, Guidance, and Control, Northwestern Polytechnical University, WANG C. , ZAKRZHEVSKII A. E. ,   Space Research Institute of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The additional deployment of a two-body space tether with a massless cable is studied to develop a feed-forward control by the mode of
increasing the length of a previously deployed space tether with the recovery of its initial vertical orientation. The motion equations of
the variable length tether, written in spherical coordinates, are used for it. The developed feed-forward control by the length of the tether
provides the necessary change of its angular momentum under the effect of the gravitational torque. The novelty of the results consists
of developing a new approach to creating control for underactuated mechanical systems, which have a number of control channels
less than the number of degrees of freedom. Here, a tether length control is developed, which allows for the control of its motion about
the pitch axis, using only one tether length control channel. The passive but controlled effect of the gravitational torque on the tether is
used for this purpose. To achieve this effect, it is proposed to impose restrictions on the motion of the tether about the pitch axis, which
formally reduces the number of system degrees of freedom. This allows the implementation of the set motion mode with control only on
the remained degree of freedom. The type of such restrictions is defined based on physical reasons. By accounting for all requirements
for the mode of additional deployment, it is possible to develop the law of varying the pitch angle over time, which is described by a
seventh-order polynomial. Detailed numerical research on the effect of mode parameters, such as the duration of deployment and
expected shape of the pitch angle law vs. time, on the length of the unrolled tether and the character of its behavior during deployment
is conducted. An example is provided numerically for the application of the developed method. Numerical simulation of the mode is
carried out within the integration of the initial value problem for the Hill-Clohessy-Wiltshire equations. Quantitative estimation of
errors of numerical simulation is conducted. The results of the calculations are illustrated graphically.
CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE GROUND CONTROL COMPLEX FOR THE ORBITAL SATELLITE CONSTELLATION
Authors:   National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine named after B. Khmelnytskyi, Lysyi M. І. , Sobchenko V. A. ,   National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine named after B. Khmelnytskyi, Partyka S. V. ,   National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine named after B. Khmelnytskyi, Lysyi A. M. ,   Khmelnytskyi National University
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to determining the priority of objects of the ground control complex of an orbital constellation of satellites
as objects of critical infrastructure of the Russian Federation. The use of high-precision weapons, navigation, communications,
control, and transport increasingly depends on the functioning of the orbital constellation of satellites. The ground control com-
plex for the orbital constellation of satellites of the Russian Ministry of Defense includes a Mission Control Center and more
than a dozen stationary command and measurement points. The equipment of the ground-based orbital constellation control
complex requires strict reference to the spatial-temporal operating parameters, especially for the Global Navigation Satellite
System, which, in turn, determines the effectiveness of high-precision weapons guidance, targeting, and location of objects,
the functioning of communications, transportation systems and other means comprising corresponding navigation receivers.
For spacecraft, and primarily for Global Navigation Satellite System satellites, the problem of having an onboard time scale of
high stability is relevant, which is determined by the functioning of the unified time system, which is an integral part of both
the ground control complex and the orbital constellation. In the most general terms, the basis of the unified time system of the
ground-based control complex for the orbital satellite constellation is made up of time and frequency standards distributed
throughout the territory of the Russian Federation, located mainly in ground-based command and measurement centers and
measurement laboratories. The unified time system is the most secure technical system, which is formed as a composite measure
at the highest level of the hierarchy of accuracy classes of frequency standards. Therefore, the most significant control objects
of the orbital constellation are equipped with group standards, which can be considered a criterion for classifying the objects of
the ground control complex of the orbital constellation of satellites as the critical infrastructure of the Russian Federation. It
was determined that the hierarchical sequence of importance for the critical infrastructure of the Russian Federation of objects
in the unified time system of the orbital constellation of the satellite control complex takes into account GLONASS objects, the
standards of the State Service of Time and Frequency and determination of the parameters of the Earth’s rotation of the Russian
Federation, as well as the standards of the «Quazar KTS» complex.
Marriage Structure of the Population of Udmurtia in 1989–2021
Authors: Azhigulova Albina  I. , Uvarov Sergey N.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The article presents, for the first time, a historical and demographic study of the marital status of the population of Udmurtia from 1989 to 2021. The relevance of the topic is due to its insufficient study and the need to understand the reasons behind the sharp decline in the Udmurt population over the last two inter-census periods. The aim of the research is to identify the characteristics of changes in the marital structure of the Udmurt population in the Udmurt Republic during the period from 1989 to 2021.
Materials and Methods. The methodological foundation of the study is based on general scientific methods such as analysis, comparison, induction, and deduction. The following specialized scientific methods were also applied: comparative-historical, chronological, and statistical. The source base includes both published and unpublished census materials.
Results and Discussion. After reaching its peak in 1989, the population of Udmurts, as well as the proportion of those who are married, began to decline. However, among the Udmurts, the latter indicator decreased less significantly compared to the entire population of Udmurtia. Despite the widespread increase in cohabitation, it is too early to speak of informal relationships replacing the institutions of marriage and family. Moreover, current trends indicate growing trust in official marriages. Since 2002, both the number and proportion of those who have never been married have decreased. Marriages among Udmurts were more stable, as evidenced by the lower proportion of divorces.
Conclusion. Compared to the overall population of Udmurtia, the marital status of the Udmurt people was characterized by a lower proportion of divorced individuals, the absence of cohabitation trends, and fewer instances of remarriage. Largely due to these factors, the birth rate among the Udmurt people is higher. However, certain factors, such as the increasing proportion of divorced/separated individuals and the growing number of widowed Udmurts, raise concerns, highlighting the need for improvements in state policy regarding family and marriage.
Simulation of the Discharge of a Supercapacitor Storage Device during Current Stabilization in the Windings of a Multi-Section Magnetic System
Authors: Vykhodtsev Pavel V. , Rostov Vladislav V. , Stepchenko Alexey S.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The magnetic systems of high power microwave generators, such as relati­vistic reverse wave lamps and klystrons, are powered with a direct current of up to 1 000 A from supercapacitor storage for several seconds. When designing power supplies for these magnetic systems, there is always necessary to determine the energy characteristics of the storage device. The analytical calculation of the characteristics is difficult, because of dynamic changes in some parameters of the magnetic system and storage device during current flow.Aim of the Study. The aim of the article is to create and experimentally test a mathematical model describing the process of powering a multi-section magnetic system with direct current from a supercapacitor storage device.Materials and Methods. The simulation takes into account the dynamic changes in the magnetic system parameters when current flows. The supercapacitor storage device is represented as a simple RC-circuit, the parameters of which are the nameplate data of its capacitance and internal resistance. The description of a storage device discharge process is based on the energy balance data. This model is implemented in the National Instruments LabView 2012 software package and has a user-friendly graphical interface. The simulation results were tested on equipment consisting of a power supply based on a supercapacitor storage device and two-section magnetic system.Results. The simulation results showed a good agreement with the experimental ones. According to the experiment results, the waveform of the current and voltage of the sto­rage device, and the maximum duration of current stabilization were close to the simulation results. At the same time, the nameplate data of the capacity and internal resistance of the storage device characterize well its real parameters, taking into account the peculiarities of working together with the current regulator and the pulsed nature of energy consumption.Discussion and Conclusion. The slight difference in the results is explained by the deviation of the actual parameters of the storage device from its passport data and by the diffe­rence in the temperature of the windings used in the experiment and simulation. The calculation of the energy characteristics of the storage device is performed on the basis of the energy balance, which allows scaling the load through adding any number of energy consumers with independent current stabilization in each.
Study of Induction Heating of Metal Structures at Increased Frequency
Authors: Chepelev Yuri G. , Ermolenko Dmitry V. , Yuferev Leonid Yu. , Roshchin Oleg A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. One of the conditions for trouble-free operation of moving and rubbing me­tal structures in winter is the absence of ice and snow accumulations in the operating areas of moving components. The same goes for moving agricultural constructions, which, for instance, can freeze to the surface outside the animal houses. In the article, based on the studying a turnout switch there is proposed the development of an innovative, more economical and cheaper method for heating moving parts. Aim of the Study. The study is aimed at creating a technology for heating sliding metal surfaces and at justifying parameters, developing and simplifying equipment design.Materials and Methods. Using a system approach, mathematical analysis and energy ba­lance methods, there were considered the main patterns of thermal processes in the contact zone of sliding metal structures. When considering these processes, there were made some assumptions. Namely, there were not taken into account soil thermal conductivity, air speed, and other physical processes, because they do not have a significant impact on the final results. These assumptions greatly simplify thermal calculations and obtaining the necessary analytical expressions to determine the parameters of induction heating elements.Results. The induction heating method for moving and rubbing metal structures in winter period has been proposed and tested, the main regularities have been revealed and technical characteristics have been determined. High efficiency and convenience of induction heating in comparison with other methods of electric heating have been proved. There have been obtained numerical values of parameters of induction heating elements, which agree with experimental data.Discussion and Conclusion. Based on the developed induction heating scheme, an experimental model with a power of up to 1 000 watts with a frequency of 10 kHz was made. The manufactured experimental model was studied in laboratory and production conditions. The estimated heating power of the part was 334 watts, the measured power was 351 watts. At the same time, the part weighing 20 kg heated up to 60 °C in 40 minutes. During production tests, the part was heated by 50 °C in 40 minutes.The research results can be used to design induction heaters operating at an increased frequency.
On the Value of Methodological Agnosticism and Epistemic Humility
Authors: Yaden David B
Published: December 2024

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Macrosintaxis de la construcción «no (te) creas»
Authors: Fuentes-Rodríguez Catalina
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo describe, tomando como base los datos del CORPES XXI y del CORPUS MESA, las diferentes configuraciones sintácticas que adopta en el discurso la construcción no (te) creas. Actúa como sintagma verbal libre en una oración y también como unidad entonativa independiente, con movilidad en el enunciado. Se analiza, desde una metodología de Lingüística pragmática y un enfoque macrosintáctico, su diferente comportamiento, planteándose su aparición como construcción libre, semilibre y fijada. En este último caso se investiga si la construcción ha sufrido un proceso de cooptación (Heine 2013) que la haga funcionar como un thetical (Kaltenböck/Heine/Kuteva 2011), es decir, como un operador discursivo o construcción semilibre (Goldberg 1995; Gras/Sansiñena 2015). Se delimita, asimismo, el contenido procedimental que expresa y su función en la macroestructura textual.
Morphometric analysis of dry acetabulum and iliac bones from anatomy museums in south eastern Nigeria with relation to clinical practice
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, National Orthopedic Hospital, Enugu, Institute of Orthopedics, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Abia State University, Nigeria, Ekwedigwe Henry Chinedum , Esom Emmanuel ,   College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria, Katchy Amechi Uchenna ,   College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria, Anyaehie Udo Ego ,   Department of Orthopedics, National Orthopedic Hospital, Enugu, Institute of Orthopedics, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Abia State University, Nigeria, Ozor Ignatius Ikem ,   College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria, Ekwunife Remigius Tochukwu ,   Department of Orthopedics, National Orthopedic Hospital, Enugu, Institute of Orthopedics, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Abia State University, Nigeria, Aniagu Chikaodi Victoria ,   College of Medicine, Godfrey Okoye University Enugu, Enugu, Nigeria
Published: December 2024

Introduction and aim. Good outcomes of total hip replacement and acetabular surgeries have been linked to proper understanding of the morphometry of acetabular and iliac bones. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical morphometry of dry acetabulum and iliac bones in southeastern Nigeria.
Material and methods. The measurements were done on human hip bones in anatomy museums using a Vernier caliper. The acetabular and iliac bone parts were measured.
Results. A total of 148 dry hip bones were measured during the study. The mean acetabular depth and diameter are 32.10±2.33 mm, and 53.93±2.74 mm respectively. The mean thicknesses of the acetabular walls are 5.88±1.38 mm, 12.64±1.84 mm, 15.79±2.07 mm and 19.74±2.18 mm for the antero-inferior, antero-superior, postero-inferior and postero-superior walls respectively. The distances between landmarks on the iliac bone are: anterior-inferior-iliac-spine – posterior-inferior-iliac-spine = 112.91±8.01 mm, posterior-superior-iliac-spine – anterior-inferior-iliac-spine = 135.29±8.04 mm, anterior-inferior-iliac-spine – anterior-superior-iliac-spine = 34.98±9.55 mm, posterior-superior-iliac-spine – upper-edge-of-acetabulum = 119.14±7.83 mm and anterior-superior-iliac-spine – nearest-edge-of-acetabulum = 55.71±5.60 mm. The regression model for prediction of diameter of the acetabulum using the depth of the acetabulum shows that for every 1 mm increase in the acetabular depth, the acetabular diameter increases by 0.312 times. The regression equation is “Y = bx + a”; Y = acetabular diameter, x = acetabular depth, b = margin of error = 0.312, and a = constant determined to be 43.919.
Conclusion. The study established the mean values and the relationship between acetabular depth and diameter.
Forensic aspects of salbutamol overdose – doping, abuse, and suicide
Authors:   Department of Forensic Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland, Kycler Maciej , Rzepczyk Szymon ,   Department of Forensic Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland, Teżyk Artur ,   Department of Forensic Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland, Żaba Czesław ,   Department of Forensic Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Published: December 2024

Introduction and aim. Salbutamol is a popular drug used in respiratory diseases. With the increasing prevalence of the use of this substance for therapeutic purposes and its availability on the market, the frequency of its use for other purposes has also risen due to its effects outside the respiratory system. The aim of the study was to investigate the medico-legal aspects of salbutamol.
Material and methods. Medical literature databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched. The search was carried out in accordance with the specified purpose of the keyword research using Boolean operators.
Analysis of the literature. In sports, the use of salbutamol is strictly regulated by anti-doping regulations. Recreational substance abuse and accidental overdoses, mainly among children and the elderly, are also important. Rare cases of suicide attempts associated with the use of salbutamol have also been reported.
Conclusion. Salbutamol overdoses are usually not life threatening. However, one should remember about the possibility of accidental overdose, especially among the elderly and children taking the drug chronically. Currently, the use of salbutamol for recreational purposes is rare. In sports, the status of salbutamol use, especially among athletes who do not require its use for therapeutic reasons, is still a controversial issue.
Determination of the effect of gender perception among university students on attitudes towards disabled women
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Türkiye, Ünal Esra , Öztürk Simge ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bartin University, Bartin, Türkiye
Published: December 2024

Introduction and aim. This study investigates the effect of gender perception among university students on attitudes towards disabled women.
Material and methods. The target population of this descriptive and cross-sectional study consisted of university students enrolled in the Faculty of Health Sciences in a province located in southern Türkiye. The Socio-demographic Form, the Gender Perception Scale, and the Attitudes towards Disabled Women Scale were administered to the participants through Google Forms. The sample of the study consisted of 644 students registered at the Faculty of Health Sciences and meeting the inclusion criteria.
Results. A positive and moderately significant correlation was found between gender perception and attitudes towards disabled women among students who were enrolled in the Faculty of Health Sciences. The variables explaining 26.3% of the total variance for the attitudes towards disabled women included the presence of a disabled individual in the family, education of disabled individuals together with individuals with no disabilities, views about the marriage of disabled women, kinship with the disabled relative, and gender perception scale score.
Conclusion. It was concluded that gender perception had a significant effect on the attitudes of students enrolled in the Faculty of Health Sciences towards disabled women.
“Fish Purchases” of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery in the Late 16th – Early 17th Century: Based on the Materials of Coming-Expensive Books
Authors: Tseluykina Evgeniya
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The article deals with the issue of the quantity and composition of fish in the everyday life of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. Methods and materials. The number and composition of “fish purchases” were calculated chronologically, which led to the use of the historical and comparative method both vertically (comparing fish prices from the 1570s to the 1610s) and horizontally (comparing fish prices in Moscow, Novgorod, and Kargopol). The volume of purchased goods, prices, and methods of transportation are established on the basis of the coming-expensive books of the treasurers of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery for 1592, 1601/02, 1605–1608, 1610/11, and 1612/13. The most informative were the “expendable memories” of the monastery elders and servants, preserved as part of the expensive books. Analysis. When analyzing the sources, the composition of the markets where fish were bought for monastic everyday life was established, the varieties and units of measurement of the purchased fish were identified, the total volume of goods was calculated, and the share of “fish purchases” in the total amount of expenses and in the amount of expenses for food products of the monastery was established in the late 16th – early 17th centuries. Results. As a result of the study, the representativeness of the coming-expensive books of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery for studying the development of commodity-money relations in the Russian state at the end of the 16th – early 17th centuries was established. Information about “fish purchases” demonstrates the price movement for different types of fish and the peculiarities of the folding of the all-Russian market. The data obtained make it possible to visually trace the sharp deterioration of the socio-economic condition of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery in 1609–1610, caused by the consequences of the siege and capture of the monastery by the troops of False Dmitry II.
ASYMMETRIC BREAKUP OF ANNULAR LIQUID SHEETS IN LIQUID-CENTERED SWIRL COAXIAL INJECTORS
Authors: Tharakan T. John , Prasad S. Vishnu , R Abhilash Suryan
Published: December 2024

Cryogenic rocket engines use swirl coaxial injectors due to their consistent spray characteristics over a wide range of operating conditions. Axisymmetric liquid sheets are formed in liquid-centred swirl coaxial injectors of cryogenic engines at their nominal operating conditions. The azimuthal uniformity of the spray formed in this type of injector depends on the swirler configuration and geometry of the flow passages. The liquid sheet breaks into ligaments and then into multitude of droplets due to aerodynamic interaction of the liquid sheet with the surrounding gas. The inner and outer swirl injectors are cold flow characterized using water and nitrogen gas, respectively. Asymmetric breakup of conical liquid sheets was investigated at different gas Weber numbers using flow visualization
techniques. Azimuthal uniformity of the spray was determined from the measurements of mechanical patternator. It is of paramount importance to determine the effect of gas swirl on spray uniformity of liquid-centered swirl coaxial injector for different gas-to-liquid mass ratios. It was observed that swirl in the co-flowing gas reduces the inherent asymmetry of the liquid sheet.
Solid waste management through the application of AI and ICT: a systematic literature review
Authors: Idrissi Aya , Benabbou Rajaa , Benhra Jamal , El Haji Mounia
Published: December 2024

Solid waste management (SWM) poses a major global challenge with significant environmental implications. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and information and communication technology (ICT) has emerged as a promising solution to revolutionise waste management practices. This systematic literature review, which examines the application of AI and ICT in SWM over the past 5 years (2018–2023) and analyses 152 research papers, explores their integration at various stages. In the production phase, AI-driven predictive models have outperformed traditional methods, improving waste forecasting accuracy and facilitating recycling initiatives. In waste collection, AI and ICT enable real-time route optimisation, dynamic scheduling, and sensor-based monitoring, enhancing service delivery while reducing operational costs. Furthermore, AI-powered technologies have revolutionised waste sorting, precisely identifying and segregating recyclables from mixed waste streams, thereby increasing recycling rates and alleviating the burden on landfills. The article also identifies the constraints and challenges associated with these technologies and discusses potential strategies to address them. The main objective of this review is to provide guidance to SWM researchers interested in utilising these technologies within their field. In addition, it aims to enrich the ongoing conversation about sustainable waste management by offering insights into current practices and future trends.
Can the degree apprenticeship become the degree of difference in Egypt?
Authors: Zakharova Julia , Afefy Hamdy M. , Hamood Alaa , Hampton Paul , Gowayed Mennatallah A. , Ragab Mohamed , Abouali Mohamed G.
Published: December 2024

As the higher education system in Egypt is currently confronted by a number of challenges, one of which is demographic pressure, there is the need for some new teaching programmes as well as new approaches; in this regard, the British Council plays a pioneering role. This paper has revealed the findings obtained from the participants of the forum organised at Pharos University in Alexandria by the University of Wolverhampton, the objective of which was to discover whether the degree apprenticeship is viable in Egypt. Questionnaires were received from 30 respondents in total, and the main findings were as follows. Although the participants showed their genuine interest and appreciation of the novelty and practicality of the degree apprenticeship, summarising it as “earn while learn”, they believed that the main force which would impede its implementation would be the differences between the systems of higher education in the UK and Egypt, as well as certain cultural features, which continue to predominate in Egyptian society.
Jeneratif Sanat ve Otonom Sistemler.
Authors: Taşkın Ersin Tunç , Selçuk N. Müge
Published: December 2024

Günümüz sanatını anlamlandırmak, geçtiğimiz yüzyılı hazırlayan tarihsel unsurları ve sanat görüşlerini göz önünde bulundurmayı gerektirir. Devrim öncesi sanat uygulamalarının belirli ve tek bir rota üzerinde ilerlemesine karşın modernizmle birlikte açılan süreçte sanatçıların geçmişten tümüyle ayrışan üretimlerde bulundukları yenilikçi ve deneysel yaklaşımlar benimsedikleri bilinmektedir. Bu bağlamda, eski çağ sanatlarının geleneksel normlara ve estetik anlayışlara sıkı sıkıya bağlı karakterize edildiği ifade edilebilir. Ne var ki geçmişin mirası üzerinde ilerleyen günümüz sanatçıları, teknolojik araçlar kullanarak yaratım süreçlerini geliştirmekte ve geçmişle olan bağlarını yeniden yorumlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, sanatçılar, geleneksel teknikleri modern teknolojilerle birleştirerek biçim ve kavramsal olarak denenmemiş yapıda eserler ortaya koyabilmektedir.
Bu çalışma tarihsel bağlamda jeneratif sistemler üzerinden geliştirilen sanat uygulamalarını ve otonomluk denilen, bir tür üretim sistemini konu edinmektedir. Çalışmanın bugünün disiplinlerarası sanat yaklaşımlarına değer katacak nitelikte olması amaçlanmıştır. Konu tarihsel çerçevede örnekler üzerinden ele alınmış ve değerlendirilmiştir. Varılan sonuca göre, günümüzde gelişmekte olan teknolojik araçlar sayesinde sanatı izleyen kitle ve sanatın bağlamı genişlemektedir.
ŞAMANİZİM DOĞA SANAT
Authors: Özben Müjgan , Çetin Yeter Suna
Published: December 2024

Şamanizm inancının temel felsefesi, doğada bulunan canlı ve cansız tüm varlıkların bir ruhu vardır(animizm) düşüncesine dayanır. Dolayısıyla doğa ve onun özünü oluşturan dört element bir Şamanist için hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu düşünceyle, yaşam için büyük önem arz eden hava, su, ateş ve toprak elementlerinden faydalanırken doğanın dengesini bozmayacak yaklaşım ve duyarlılıkta olmak Şamanist toplumun yaşam önceliklerindendir. Şamanist düşünceye göre doğadaki her şey birbiri için vardır.
İlkçağlardan günümüze yaşamın özü olarak kabul edilen ve pek çok disipline konu olan dört elementin, sanatın tarihsel süreci gözleminde de pek çok sanatçıya ilham kaynağı olduğu görülmüştür. Kimi zaman toplum ile sanatçı arasındaki bağ, bazen sanatçı ile sanat yapıtı bazen de sanat yapıtı ile sanat alımlayıcısı arasındaki bağ olmuştur. Dolayısıyla nasıl ki; Şamanist toplum, yaşam süreci ve ritüellerinde doğayı referans alıp doğa ile empatik bir süreç yaşıyor ise sanatçının da sanatsal yaratım sürecinde doğayı, yaratım kaynağı ve sanat nesnesi olarak alması ve girdiği özdeşleyim süreci Şamanist-doğa ilişkisi ile benzeşim göstermektedir diyebiliriz.
DRAINAGE OF THE UPPER URINARY TRACT IN THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE GESTATIONAL PYELONEPHRITIS
Authors: Sokolova Ekaterina , Asfandiyarov Faik , Kruglov Vladimir , Seidov Kaflan
Published: December 2024

Acute gestational pyelonephritis is a common pathology that often complicates the course of pregnancy. The disease develops against the background of characteristic changes in the urinary system that occur during pregnancy. Inflammatory kidney damage negatively affects the course of pregnancy and is accompanied by numerous of complications. The issues of treatment tactics for acute pyelonephritis have been developed in detail in terms of etiotropic antibacterial therapy, but there is no consensus on the need for drainage of the upper urinary tract. This paper presents our own experience in managing patients with acute gestational pyelonephritis, demonstrating the possibility and necessity of a differentiated approach when deciding on kidney drainage.
Numerical modeling of heat and mass transfer of a liquid in a rotating cylinder in the case of local heating on a free surface
Authors:   Perm State University, Puhovkin Vladimir I. , Babushkin Igor A. ,   Perm State University, Shvarts Konstantin G. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2024

In an axisymmetric formulation, a fluid motion in a cylinder rotating with a constant angular velocity is numerically investigated using the grid method at different values of Taylor and Rayleigh numbers and a fixed value of the Biot number. The axis of rotation is directed vertically upward. The bottom and the outer side wall of the cylinder are thermally insulated, the upper boundary is free, undeformed. A circular heater is placed on the upper boundary in the center of the cylinder. The vortex motion resulting from the combined interaction of the non-uniform longitudinal temperature gradient and the Coriolis force is studied. A complex structure of convective motion is formed throughout the layer.
Single-domain particles suspended in a fluid: a longitudinal magnetic response in the case of “frozen” superparamagnetism
Authors:   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Poperechny Igor S. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2024

The paper presents a theory of a longitudinal magnetic response of single-domain particles suspended in a liquid to which a constant magnetizing field and a harmonic field of arbitrary amplitude are applied. The study is performed for particles whose internal diffusion of the magnetic moment can be neglected. The dependence of the relaxation spectrum of such particles on the magnitude of the external magnetic field has been established. It is shown that in the linear approximation with respect to the perturbing field, their dynamic magnetic susceptibility can be represented as a sum of a countable set of Debye-type terms. In the case of a weak (the corresponding Zeeman energy is less than the thermal energy) or strong (the Zeeman energy exceeds the thermal energy by several times) magnetizing field, the longest-lived relaxation mode completely dominates, and the frequency dependence of the susceptibility can be described by a relatively simple expression. An increase in the amplitude of the alternating field leads to a growth of the fundamental Fourier harmonic of the magnetization. At the same time, in the absence of the bias field, the dynamic magnetic susceptibility of the particle decreases, and the maximum of its imaginary part shifts to the right – to the region of higher frequencies. However, if a constant field is applied to the particle and the corresponding Zeeman energy exceeds the thermal energy, then the effect is opposite: the dynamic magnetic susceptibility increases and the maximum of its imaginary part shifts to the left when amplitude of the exciting field goes up.
Professional development and political career in Russia
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Kryshtanovskaya O. V. , Meshcheryakova N. N. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: December 2024

Introduction: whether politics is an independent professional position in society,
or a meta-profession, is a discussion that originates in the works of M. Weber. Objectives:
to identify the professions that are most in demand in the managerial elite and the reasons
under it. Methods: biographical analysis, the empirical base being 800 biographies of the political
elite members representing three levels of power. The analysis examined social mobility
elevators bringing them to the top. The group of 312 people was selected, both bureaucrats
and legislators, whose ascent was associated with an initial successful professional career.
Results: further career trajectories analysis of this group revealed the professional fields
that acted as springboards to power and which organizations were drivers. It was found
that 39 % of members of the establishment made their careers in government structures because
they first achieved significant success in their first profession. But career backgrounds
vary depending on the branch of government and the level of its organization. Conclusions:
at the federal level, managers, economists and lawyers dominate among representatives
of executive structures. There is also a significant proportion of representatives of law enforcement
agencies to ensure internal order and external security and engineers to implement
national projects. Entrepreneurs promote their interests through regional legislative assemblies.
The level of municipal self-government is filled with successful engineering and technical
workers coming mainly from the spheres of housing and communal services and construction,
as well as from socially significant areas – education and healthcare.
The digital divide in rural Russia: the COVID-19 pandemic consequences
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Sadyrtdinov Ruslan R.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: over the past two decades, the digital divide has been gradually
narrowing, but rural areas still lag urban areas in the use of digital technologies and the Internet.
At the same time, new challenges can only exacerbate the digital inequality of the territories,
which can create risks for the future socio-economic development of the country.
One of the biggest risks in recent years has been the COVID-19 pandemic, which was indeed
strongly associated with the digitalization of various society areas due to self-isolation.
The issue of how this factor affected the digital inequality of urban and rural areas
in the Russian Federation has been poorly studied, but it remains extremely relevant
from the point of view of analyzing the consequences of the pandemic itself, with the new waves
arising again and again, as well as looking into a separate, occurring suddenly, situational
factor influencing the digital divide. Objectives: to determine the degree of the pandemic impact
on the digital inequality of the rural population in the Russian Federation, as well as to identify
risk groups among rural residents for whom COVID-19 has only exacerbated the problem
of the digital divide and potential limitations in quality and standards of living. Methods:
calculating logistic regression (building logit models), which makes it possible to establish
the degree of relationship between individual factors and predict the outcome
when they occur. Results: the study demonstrates that the peak of the pandemic in 2020–2021
and the self-isolation period did not stimulate certain categories of rural residents for more active use
of the Internet, but, on the contrary, only increased the risks of digital inequality and limited
access to various services and opportunities. This puts on the agenda the issue of strengthening
and improving the targeting of further work focused on the development of digital literacy
of rural residents in the Russian Federation. Conclusions: based on logit models, the article
identified individual factors, the presence of which increases the risk of digital lag for certain
categories of the rural population during a pandemic or the emergence of its new waves.
State support as a driver of innovative entrepreneurship development in the EAEU countries
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Prikhodko Dmitry V. , Churakova Polina S. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: December 2024

Introduction: for the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU),
the intensive and extensive development of national innovation systems (NIS) appears to be
one of the most important competitive advantages. Enterprises, the entities of the so-called
“Schumpeterian entrepreneurship” are the direct participants of the processes under NIS,
striving to optimize their activities, through innovations in particular. Objectives: to identify
the role of the state in the development of innovative entrepreneurship in the EAEU member
states and to consider the key mechanisms of state participation in the formation of innovative
companies. Methods: analysis of instruments of state support for innovative entrepreneurship;
statistical and correlation-regression analysis; ranking approach. Results: the study systematized
the information on the instruments of state support for innovative entrepreneurship used
in the EAEU countries; some indicators of innovation activity were studied; a correlation
analysis of the relationship between government funding and innovative development
in the EAEU member states was carried out; based on correlation and regression analysis,
the main recommendations were formulated to increase the effectiveness of government
participation in the development of innovative companies. Conclusions: the authors found
out that the degree of state support affects the development of innovative entrepreneurship
in the EAEU countries. In addition, it was revealed that at present there is no unified supranational
system for regulating innovative entrepreneurship, the development and implementation
of which is necessary for further integration and increasing the competitiveness of the EAEU
member states.
MODELING OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER PROCESSES TO VERIFY THE THROUGHPUT CAPACITY OF A DRILLING MUD GAS SEPARATOR
Authors: Rafikov I.R. , Davletov R.I. , Smirnova E. E. , Pereskokov K.A. , Aleksashev A.P. , Chirkunova A.S.
Published: December 2024

The article investigates the modeling of heat and mass transfer processes in drilling fluid gas separators used in oil and gas well drilling and workover operations. Drilling fluid gas separators play a critical role in ensuring the safe separation of gas-liquid mixtures, which is essential to prevent gas blowouts and accidents such as gas-air mixture explosions. It is demonstrated that the selection of the optimal separator type depends on specific operational conditions, including pressure, temperature, and the composition of the gas-liquid mixture.The proposed methodology for assessing separator performance involves several key steps. First, the calculation of gas and liquid throughput capacity, which allows for evaluating the device's efficiency in various geological conditions. Second, the calculation of pressure in the gas outlet line and the required height of the liquid seal necessary to prevent gas breakthrough. Third, special attention is given to preventing liquid droplet carryover in the gas flow and ensuring the retention of the required liquid volume within the separator’s body.Verifying the compliance of the drilling fluid gas separator’s characteristics with actual well construction conditions allows for the assessment of its operating range and the selection of a safe well control mode. This helps prevent situations where the drilling fluid or formation fluid could enter the gas outlet line, or gas could break through the liquid seal and be released inside the working areas.The use of software tools for modeling hydrocarbon phase transitions allows for accurate predictions of gas-liquid system behavior under high temperature and pressure conditions, significantly enhancing the precision of calculations and operational safety. As a result, the proposed methodology can be applied for the proper selection and design of gas separators, as well as optimizing their performance according to well conditions. This article provides significant practical value for engineering personnel in the oil and gas industry and contributes to improving the safety and efficiency of drilling and workover operations.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE STEAM INJECTION PROCESS INTO A FORMATION CONTAINING METHANE GAS HYDRATE
Authors: Khasanov M.K. , Stolpovsky M.V.
Published: December 2024

In this paper, a mathematical model of superheated steam injection into a porous reservoir initially saturated with methane and its hydrate is presented in a plane-dimensional approximation. The model is based on the assumption that four regions are formed in the formation, saturated with superheated steam, methane and its hydrate, as well as containing products of steam condensation (water) and hydrate decomposition (methane and water). At the same time, the model also takes into account the formation of three movable boundaries separating the above-mentioned areas and on which the laws of conservation of mass and energy are fulfilled. The system of basic equations describing steam injection into a methane hydrate reservoir consists of mass conservation equations (for methane and steam), heat inflow and Darcy's law. It should be noted that methane and steam are considered as calorically perfect gases, and water is stationary, which is explained by the small value of the initial hydrate saturation. Based on the results of numerical experiments, pressure and temperature distributions are constructed, which are realized during the injection of steam into a porous formation. It is shown that the main pressure and temperature drop in a porous reservoir is realized in the areas of steam and condensed water filtration. The laws of motion of the movable boundaries of phase transitions for different values of the parameters of the porous skeleton and the injected steam are established. It is shown that the parameters of steam injection and a porous medium significantly affect only the extent of the region containing condensed water in the pores, as well as the coordinate of the contact boundary and its temperature. It is shown that with an increase in the values of injection pressure and reservoir permeability, as well as a decrease in the initial pressure of the system, the extent of the region containing condensed water increases, and the region containing decomposition products of gas hydrate, on the contrary, decreases. It has been established that the temperature at the contact boundary at high permeability values is close to the hydrate decomposition temperature, and at low values – to the vapor condensation temperature.