bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Book Review: Julie Fraser and Brianne M. Leyh (Eds.), Intersections of Law and Culture at the International Criminal Court
Authors: Sanchez-Mera Silvina
Published: October 2021

Book Review: Anita Mackay, Towards Human Rights Compliance in Australian Prisons, Canberra: Australian National University Press, 345pp + xxii, ISBN: 9781760464004.
The Green Sheep: Exploring the Perceived Risks and Benefits of Cannabis Among Young Military Members and Veterans
Authors: Clary Kelly , Habbal Megan , Smith Douglas , Fratila Iulia
Published: October 2021

Medical and recreational cannabis are becoming more accessible and socially accepted across the United States. Emerging adults (EAs; 18 to 29) are the largest group of cannabis users. Studies have found that veterans are more likely to report cannabis use compared to nonveterans. While research exists on the use levels of cannabis, limited knowledge is available on the perceived risks and benefits of using cannabis among EA military and veteran populations. Helping professionals encounter veterans who use cannabis and must consider military cultural factors and attitudes towards cannabis that may influence or exacerbate cannabis use. We conducted a qualitative study with 23 EA veteran and military members with high-risk substance use and asked about their thoughts on the acceptability, risks, and perceived benefits associated with cannabis. Two qualitative coders used NVivo to find themes following the six steps of thematic analysis. Results provide in-depth understanding of EA military members and veterans’ perceptions of cannabis. Overall, we found participants were receptive to using cannabis for pain ailments, mental health issues, and as an alternative to benzodiazepines, opioids, and alcohol. However, they acknowledged restrictions are needed to moderate cannabis use and mitigate negative outcomes. Lastly, participants recognized the incongruence of cannabis use with military job responsibilities and expectations. These findings shed light on potential risk and protective factors related to using cannabis for recreational or medical reasons and should be considered when consulting EA military members and veterans.
Locus of control of English philology undergraduates
Authors: Ogórek Paulina , Biedroń Adriana
Published: October 2021

The concept of locus of control shows the relationship between events and people’s reactions to them, depending on whether they attribute their outcomes to internal or external factors. Accordingly, people can be divided into two main groups. Those who feel personally responsible for what happens to them are labelled internals, whilst those who believe that external forces such as fate, luck or objective difficulties determine their life are termed externals. This paper presents the results of a study conducted on 41 English philology undergraduate participants with a view to investigating their locus of control, that is, whether they perceive their academic outcomes as the result of their skills and abilities or rather fate or luck, in other words, if they feel personally responsible for their academic successes and failures.
Pineapple Juice for Uterine Fundal Height Reduction in Postpartum Mothers
Authors: Mulyadi Jesica , Andriani Lusi , Andriani Lusi , Rachmawati Rachmawati , Rachmawati Rachmawati
Published: October 2021

Background: Uterine subinvolution occurs because the uterus cannot contract properly, causing bleeding, leading to death. Pineapple fruit is one of the herbal plants that can prevent uterine subinvolution and accelerate uterine involution. This study aimed to determine pineapple's effect on the reduction of uterine fundal height in postpartum mothers in Bengkulu City. 
Subjects and Method: This was a quasi-experiment. This study was conducted in Bengkulu City, Bengkulu, and using maternal postpartum injected oxytocin in the manage­ment stage III with one intervention group, namely the given juice pineapple. The sample used as many as 32 mothers postpartum in Bengkulu were taken by purposive sampling, by predetermined criteria. The dependent variable was uterine fundal height. The independent variables were pineapples juice, age, parity, early mobilization, and early initiation of breastfeeding. Data collection was carried out by the means of the direct interview using a questionnaire and observation sheet. The data were analyzed using independent t-test.
Results: The bivariate analysis test results using the independent t-test showed that the group that consumed pineapples experienced a decrease in uterine fundal height for three days more than the control group. Pineapples juice (Mean= 2.55; SD= 1.66), without pineapples juice (Mean= 8.39; SD= 1.48; p <0.001). Age for interventions group, (Mean= 33.19; SD= 7.57) and control group (Mean= 27.56; SD= 8.45; p= 0.057). Parity for interventions group, (Mean= 2.38; SD= 1.45) and control group, (Mean= 2.12; SD= 1.31), p= 0.613. Early mobili­zation for interventions group, (Mean= 0.84; SD= 0.37) and control group, (Mean= 1.26; SD= 0.58), p= 0.022. Early initiation of breast­feeding for interventions group, (Mean= 16.44; SD= 6.64) and control group, (Mean= 16.38; SD= 5.69), p= 0.978. 
Conclusion: Pineapple juice and early mobili­zation affect lowering a uterine fundal height in mothers postpartum three days and can help speed up uterine involution in post­partum mother in Bengkulu City, Bengkulu.
Rehabilitation of a 200 m long pedestrian bridge with carbon textile reinforced concrete
Authors: Bielak Jan , Will Norbert , Becks Henrik , Hegger Josef , Rempel Sergej
Published: October 2021

The pedestrian and cyclist bridge Rheinsteg of the Rheinkraftwerk Albbruck-Dogern AG (RADAG) constructed in 1934 was on the verge of demolition due to severe corrosion damage. Replacing the defective slab with seven-centimeter thin carbon textile reinforced concrete allowed to maintain the self-weight and to reuse the existing main steel girders, bridge pillars, and foundations. This rehabilitation process globally saved time and cost compared to a new construction. As the existing steel superstructure was again connected monolithically to the new slab to maintain the same level of serviceability, full vertical cracking as well as loads from shrinkage and differential temperature caused by constraint were to be expected. The influence of vertical cracks and tension forces on shear capacity of TRC was investigated during the approval process. This paper presents the project with a focus on TRC and explains insights from the challenging construction on site.
Small-scale testing for feasibility of rubblized concrete foundations
Authors: Schultz Joshua A. , Muszynski Mark R.
Published: October 2021

Affordable, sustainable housing plays an essential role in providing equal opportunity for individuals within most communities in the United States, (e.g., in the area of eastern Washington State). In particular, a lack of family residences presents a challenge for the City of Spokane, and low-income residents. Moreover, building materials reuse is an important sustainability issue and concrete waste from demolition of residential buildings presents a challenge. This paper presents preliminary results for development of rubblized concrete foundations. Initial tests were conducted on scaled pseudo-soil/concrete materials to observe the relative stiffness of the proposed system for potential use in planning subsequent phases of testing, including full-scale testing. Initial results of this early testing confirms that a reinforced rubblized footing will likely have an overall stiffness (in terms of response to loading) that is measurably less than that of a conventional reinforced concrete footing.
Modelling the non-linear behaviour of the pot bearings of railway bridge KW51
Authors: Van De Velde Menno , Maes Kristof , Lombaert Geert
Published: October 2021

Railway bridge KW51 in Leuven, Belgium, has been monitored since October 2018 with the aim of constructing a digital twin, i.e. a virtual representation that mimics the behaviour of the actual struc- ture. A linear finite element model of the bridge was updated using measurements carried out on the bridge. The pot bearings of the bridge, however, are found to behave in a non-linear way. This paper describes a methodology to account for this non-linear behaviour in the model, where friction in the bearings is accounted for by means of non-linear Bouc-Wen elements. The first results are presented, showing that the overall non-linear behaviour of the bearings during a train passage is well captured but that further research is needed to calibrate the model parameters.
Dynamic loadings of moving vehicles on curved concrete segmental single box girder bridges
Authors: Huang Dongzhou , Huang Yicheng
Published: October 2021

This paper presents the dynamic behaviors of curved concrete segmental bridges. The bridges are modeled as thin-wall structures and analyzed using the thin-wall finite element method. The effects of bridge torsion and distortion are considered in the analysis. A vehicle is simulated as a three- dimensional nonlinear model. The road profile is modeled as a stationary Gaussian random process that is described by a power spectral density (PSD) function. The effects of vehicle speeds, bridge radii, bridge span lengths on the bridge dynamic loadings are analyzed. Through an extensive numerical analysis on 20 typical curved bridges, an approximate method for determining the concrete segmental bridges is proposed. The research results are applicable to the design of concrete segmental bridges.
Structural robustness as an extended status indicator in bridge maintenance management systems
Authors: Akkermann Jan , Suhm Marina
Published: October 2021

In infrastructure assessment in Germany, the main structural inspections classify damage according to intensity, type and influence on stability, traffic safety and durability. The structural capability of bridge structures and parts thereof to react to these damages in a vulnerable or robust manner is a key indicator for the failure probability. The structural robustness of the structure is thus an addi- tional initial information for a qualified condition assessment in maintenance management and for the prioritisation of measures. Originally designed for traffic water structures, the newly developed method for determining the structural robustness and its linkage of damage processes to a "condi- tion class" is transferred to bridge structures. This enables a typological clustering of similar types of structures with regard to damage processes as well as the prioritisation of repair measures in the structure portfolio.
Parametric approach in BIM environment for the assessment of existing masonry buildings
Authors: Croce Pietro , Landi Filippo , Martino Massimiliano , Puccini Benedetta , Maneo Alessio
Published: October 2021

BIM-based processes are becoming increasingly relevant in architecture, engineering and construction industries, especially for design of new engineering works. Implementation of this technology for existing buildings, Heritage BIM (HBIM), mainly focuses on the reconstruction of geometries and the collection of historical documentation, while areas of structural analyses and verifications are currently less developed.

In this context, a parametric procedure in BIM environment for the structural assessment of existing masonry buildings is proposed, starting from an innovative analysis method previously developed by the authors (E-PUSH). Combining this structural analysis program with the advantages of the BIM methodology, the management of the data is improved and the assessment process is simplified.

The proposed BIM workflow will be illustrated in detail with reference to a real case study, showing benefits of the BIM approach in the process of seismic risk assessment.
Early-age cracking behavior of advanced reinforced concrete pavement under environmental loading
Authors: Kashif Muhammad , Naseem Ahsan , Iqbal Nouman , De Winne Pieter , De Backer Hans
Published: October 2021

The technological innovation of continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) that contains a significantly reduced amount of reinforcement and the same fundamental behaviour as CRCP is called advanced reinforced concrete pavement (ARCP). This new concept of a rigid pavement structure is developed to eliminate unnecessary continuous longitudinal steel bars of CRCP by using partial length steel bars at predetermined crack locations. In Belgium, partial surface saw-cuts are used as the most effective crack induction method to eliminate the randomness in early-age crack patterns by inducing cracks at the predetermined locations of CRCP. The reinforcement layout of ARCP is designed based on the distribution of steel stress in continuous longitudinal steel bar in CRCP and the effectiveness of partial surface saw-cuts as a crack induction method. The 3D finite element (FE) model is developed to evaluate the behaviour of ARCP with partial surface saw-cuts. The early-age crack characteristics in terms of crack initiation and crack propagation obtained from the FE simulation are validated with the field observations of cracking characteristics of the CRCP sections in Belgium. The finding indicates that ARCP exhibits the same cracking characteristics as CRCP even with a significantly reduced amount of continuous reinforcement.
Design, simulation and matched structure of a living ecological & energized modules (EEMs) bridge system
Authors: Xiong XiangWen , Wu Mingzi
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a novel ecological & energized modules (EEMs) system for transportation and bridge systems. It has a general interest in almost all human living & ecological systems, civil engineering, and infrastructure. As an underlying and fundamental system of zero energy, zero- water-consumption, and zero-carbon with a 100% greening rate and 100% clean energy, high- quality air, and powerful carbon capture system with significant positive spillover for global carbon removal and climate challenges, etc., the EEMs bridge system is easy, fast, efficient, and zero- dependence on the large complex equipment during the construction. It is applied to a wide variety of bridge systems, such as road bridges, footbridges, flyovers, and overpasses. It’s pollution-free, safe, noiseless, and can be used soon after paving, repairing, and re-laying. The EEMs bridge system has unique superiority in ecosystem integrity and connectivity, resulting in available consequences for global biodiversity, local species interactions, ecosystem integrity and connectivity.
Effect on buckling behavior and seismic performance of steel piers corrosion-damaged near ground
Authors: Rokutani Takuma , Nagata Kazutoshi , Kitahara Takeshi
Published: October 2021

In Japan, many steel structures were constructed during the period of the high economic miracle, and they are now more than 50 years old and are aging. Corrosion has been confirmed at corners and the boundary of concrete-wrapped concrete in steel piers. It was found that corrosion damage at the corner of steel piers causes a decrease of seismic performance in our previous investigations that carried out seismic response analysis. Subsequently, in this study, the effect of corrosion damage at the near ground edge of steel bridge piers with a rectangular cross-section was investigated in detail on the buckling behaviour and seismic performance of structures. As a result, it is found that the buckling at the base causes a decrease in load bearing performance compared to the buckling in the entire panel. It is necessary to properly maintain to prevent buckling at the base caused by corrosion.
Ultimate strength and fatigue life of cable-stayed bridges considering cable corrosion
Authors: Nakamura Shunichi , Aoki Yukari
Published: October 2021

Cable corrosion significantly decreases the ultimate and fatigue strength of cable-stayed bridges. It might lead to lose the cables and may affect to the entire bridge significantly. In this paper, parametric studies with three different span lengths, different corrosion levels and loss of different cables were performed. Whereas the ultimate strength lowered by about 25% as the cross-sectional area decreased due to corrosion. The elongation also decreases due to corrosion. The ultimate strength was found to sharply drop when the elongation became 1.0%. The fatigue strength of stays was studied taking a 500kN heavy lorry as the representative load. The fatigue strength sharply lowers as corrosion progresses and the severely corrode anchor cable becomes less than 4% of the healthy one. The anchor cables showed the most significant effect to the entire bridges.
Effect of loading rate, surface flaw length and orientation on strength of laser-modified architectural glass
Authors: Nategh Shahryar , Symoens Evelien , Missinne Jeroen , Belis Jan
Published: October 2021

The strength of architectural glass (soda-lime silica) is highly dependent on surface flaws generated during production, handling and service life. Fracture mechanical investigation of glass, however, is challenging due to e.g. the randomness of flaw size, flaw orientation and quality. Generation of radial and median cracks is inevitable while using a mechanical indenter with direct contact. These undesirable effects, along with uncertainty about the groove’s depth and geometry, degrade the accuracy of results and underline the need for a more reliable tool. Consequently, this contribution focuses instead on the application of ultra-short laser as a non-contact tool, which recently has proved to be a promising solution because of its precision, high speed, and repeatability. Here, artificial grooves with a well-controlled depth are realized on the surface of soda-lime silica glass to investigate the effects of loading rate, flaw size and flaw orientation on the glass strength. Four- point bending tests are performed to assess the failure loads. The method manages to capture the results with a very low standard deviation of the failure stress (approximately 1 MPa), eliminating the need for using large series of specimens.
Long-term extreme buffeting response of long-span bridges considering uncertain turbulence parameters
Authors: Lystad Tor Martin , Fenerci Aksel , Øiseth Ole
Published: October 2021

Long-term extreme response analyses are recognized as the most accurate way to predict the extreme responses of marine structures excited by stochastic environmental loading. In wind engineering for long-span bridges this approach has not become the standard method to estimate the extreme responses. Instead, the design value is often estimated as the expected extreme response from a short-term storm described by an N-year return period mean wind velocity.

In this study, the long-term extreme buffeting response of a long-span bridge is investigated, and the uncertainty of the turbulent wind field is described by a probabilistic model. The results indicate that the current design practice may introduce significant uncertainty to the buffeting load effects used in design, when the variability in the turbulence parameters as well as the uncertainty of the short-term extreme response is neglected.
High-rise building analysis considering construction stages: floor structure stiffness influence over vertical element axial shortening
Authors: Boiadjieva Raina
Published: October 2021

The studies of building structures accounting construction stages considered the optimization of embedded materials both at the design stage and at the construction stage. Axial shortening of the vertical load-bearing elements under the effect of gravitational loads and due to the characteristics of the building materials is an important point of structural analysis of tall buildings that should be considered. The present study analyzes the influence of the floor structure stiffness and the vertical load-bearing element / floor structure connection over the axial shortening of walls and columns which affects the distribution of normal forces in them. A computational model of a building structure with simplified geometry and loads is considered to emphasize the impact of the stiffness of the floor structure. The results of the solution of several variants of calculation models are compared. Generalized conclusions are given in the end.
Design, construction and structural response of a lightweight FRP footbridge
Authors: Gallegos-Calderón Christian , Naranjo-Pérez Javier , Pulido M. Dolores G. , Díaz Iván M.
Published: October 2021

This paper presents the design, construction and structural response of a laboratory FRP footbridge. Pultruded elements, Glass-FRP profiles and Carbon-FRP strips, comprise the 10 m long simply supported structure, which linear mass is only 80 kg/m approximately. A value of L/200 (L being the length of the span) was the limit adopted for the long-term deflection at mid-span, and verifications at Ultimate Limit State were carried out according to the recommendations of the FRP manufacturer and the European Guideline to design FRP Structures. To construct the bridge, the following phases were completed: (i) bonding CFRP strips to the GFRP stringers, (ii) connecting the FRP elements, (iii) casting concrete at the support regions, and (iv) installing the deck. Once the construction finished, an experimental static and dynamic campaign was performed to assess the bridge structural behavior. As expected from the design stage, excessive vertical vibrations under different pedestrian actions (walking and bouncing) were measured.
PEMETAAN INDEKS TINGKAT PELAYANAN JALAN PONOKAWAN SAMPAI JALAN MAYJEN BAMBANG YUWONO KRIAN KABUPATEN SIDOARJO DENGAN METODE LINIER
Authors: Sinaga Sarra Amanda , Zainab Siti , Wibisana Hendrata
Published: October 2021

The development of West Sidoarjo especially at Krian city has a major influence on the growth of suburban areas. By increasing the number and activity of the population, transportation is one of the principal parts that cannot be separated from the activity. This leads to quite complex traffic problems, especially traffic density problems. This research was conducted to analyze the Service Level Index (ITP) with linear regression method on Jalan Ponokawan until Jalan Mayjend Bambang Yuwono Krian. The survey was conducted in the morning (07.00-09.00), afternoon (12.00-14.00), and evening (16.00-18.00) to analyze the calculation of traffic volume, road capacity, and the speed of the free flow by using Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI) 1997. The Geographic Information System (GIS) can help to provide information on road service level index analysis in the form of thematic maps that are easy to understand. From the results of data analysis, a service level index (a) is calculated on each segment using linear regression method and the result of segment I is 0,093, segment II is 0.141, segment III is 0.074, segment IV is 0.210, segment V is 0.130, segment VI is 0.109, and segment VII is 0.113.
LEISURE CULTURE OF EMPLOYEES OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN SARATOV IN THE 1920S
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Abubikerova Elmira F.
Published: October 2021

The article is analyzing the organization of the off-hours time for employees in higher education institutions of Saratov in the 1920s. Based on original sources, the author reveals the main types of leisure of the teaching staff. In the period under review, a lot of the old, traditional still existed in the nonprofessional activities of lecturers, which, due to objective reasons of that time, underwent some changes. Since leisure remained an integral part of private life, it was impossible to completely abandon it, although in comparison with the pre-revolutionary period there was less and less space for it. The issues of the spiritual world, views on the surrounding reality, reflections on the life path of life and credo – all that faded into the background, the lecturers had to solve the acute issues of a half-starved existence, and sometimes to wage an actual struggle for survival. When comparing the leisure of scientists and the working class people, there is a difference in their quality content and in specific types of pastime. The main attention is focused on considering the factors that influenced changes in the forms of spending free time by scientists during the 1920s.
ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT OF FOREIGN TOURS OF THE MOSCOW STATE SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA HEADED BY V. B. DUDAROVA IN THE 1970S
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Andreev Mikhail A.
Published: October 2021

The article considers the reasons for foreign tours of the Moscow State Symphony Orchestra’s headed by V.B. Dudarova in the 1970s, the specifics of those tours, as well as their results both from the point of view of popularizing symphonic music and from the point of view of popularizing Soviet ideology abroad. Among the most important reasons for the organization of the first foreign tours by the Moscow State Symphony Orchestra of V.B. Dudarova in the 1970s, one can mention the active participation of the orchestra in numerous Soviet festivals, competitions for young performers, the preparation and performance of new works by Soviet composers, the expansion of the repertoire of performed musical works, the work with foreign conductors, Also the participation of V.B. Dudarova as a guest conductor in foreign tours with other orchestras, the musical community positive reviews and reports on the work of the orchestra as well as increasing the status and prestige of the orchestra in the general range of symphony orchestras of the USSR. The organization and conduct of foreign tours in the Polish People’s Republic and the GDR included the briefing, the development of a concert program, which provided for concerts in several major cities with a developed musical culture, as well as in the capitals of the countries selected for the foreign tour. In addition to the concerts themselves, the organization of the tour included a meeting of the Orchestra’s direction with the cultural intelligentsia of the People’s Republic of Poland and the GDR after each of the concerts, advertising concerts and the orchestra’s work in the media of the People’s Republic of Poland and the GDR, selling souvenirs and recordings of the orchestra. Thus, the concerts of the Moscow State Symphony Orchestra conducted by V.B. Dudarova were only a part, or rather one of the instruments, of the national program of Soviet propaganda and the maintenance of a favorable image of the USSR abroad.
COURT MARTIAL AND CONTRABAND IN 19TH CENTURY YUCATÁN. THE CASE OF BOAT “FOUR SISTERS”
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Kosichenko Ivan N.
Published: October 2021

This article deals with an issue of the court-martial functioning in Mexican state of Yucatán in the middle of the 19th century. The political violence, a very characteristic of the epoch, in Yucatán scaled up with a start of the ethno-social conflict between the government and predominantly Indian population of southeastern part of the state – the Caste War (1847–1901). For the juridical practices the constant political conflicts, domination of the Army and military men in public life meant broad simplification of judicial procedures, often executed by officer corps. One special place for the middle of the 19th century was the fortress of Bacalar, which controlled the border with British dominions in Belize. It was one of the crucial points for importation of contraband into Yucatán peninsula, and if before 1847 it had been mostly civil goods, with the start of the Caste War, Belizean entrepreneurs actively participated in supply of rebels with armament and munitions. They were contrabandists of such kind who were captured on September 13 of 1849 in the border outpost in Chaac upon the Río Hondo.They left behind themselves the “Four Sisters” boat case – the document that shed light not only on the details of simplified court procedures in the 19th century Mexico but also on various details of wartime daily life in that remote fortress.
Implementation of 5M Strategy in Distance Learning of English Language Teaching (ELT)
Authors: Aditama Madya Giri , Sugiharto Prasetyawan Aji
Published: October 2021

English Language Teaching (ELT) in Indonesia faced crucial time during Covid-19 pandemic period. In the distance learning process of ELT, teachers face difficulties in doing teaching learning process. 5M strategy helped teachers to maximize their relationship with students and parents in order to create an essential teaching learning activity, the objectives of this study are “Classifying the 5M strategy applied by the teacher in Distance Learning of ELT” and “Describing the example method of each strategy used by teacher in Distance Learning of ELT process”. The study employed qualitative approach in which the researchers used questionnaire and interview to collect the data. The participants were 20 high school English teachers in Batang region. From the study, it was found that the teachers applied 5M strategy in their learning process. The resuls shown that there are 16 teachers (80%) applied Memanusiakan Hubungan (Humanize Relationships) strategy, only 8 teachers (40%) applied Memahami Konsep (Understanding Concepts) strategy, 16 teachers (80%) considered Membangun Keberlanjutan (Building Sustainability) strategy in their teaching, 17 teachers (85%) presented Memilih Tantangan (Choosing Challenges strategy, and all 20 teachers (100%) were able to apply Memberdayakan Konteks (Empowering Context) strategy. This study also reveals some unique and new teaching methods applied in each strategy by the teachers.
OBTAINING NEW THIN WALLED TUBULAR STRUCTURES THROUGH MATRIX MORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Authors: CIUBOTARIU VLAD ANDREI , RADU CRINA MARIA , GRIGORAȘ COSMIN , HERGHELEGIU EUGEN
Published: October 2021

New products based on a structure that represents a combination of known elements in a higher quality set, as well as products that refer to new shapes, new curves, new surfaces can be obtained logically - analytically - deductively or by methods specific to the optimal calculation. The present paper focuses on the method of analyzing tridimensional morphology, some possible solutions being evaluated on value criteria. Of course, these methods can be applied in the field of engineering with very good results. The focus of this study is to obtain new thin walled tubular structures - such as car crash members - which in the case of axial shock loads have a higher predictable behavior compared to those already used in various technical fields. Following the study, it can be said that depending on the amount of absorbed energy in the case of axial collisions and the absorption of kinetic energy developed at the time of impact, the optimal crashworthiness solution could be tubular structures with a circular support base and rectangular deformable area for impact.
FORCES AND DISPLACEMENTS DISTRIBUTION AFTER FEM ANALYSIS OF VIBRATORY WORKING TOOL
Authors: GHEORGHITA NELUS-EVELIN
Published: October 2021

The research status and the study of vibratory working tools used in tillage operations are discussed in this paper. At this moment, one of the most critical issues for the engineers and manufacturers is to achieve the highest efficiency with the least resources needed. Various studies by researchers on vibratory working tool styles and models have been taken into account. A study was then conducted to ascertain the advantages of vibratory equipment over rigid equipment. A finite element process study was also conducted on one active working tool to observe specific deformations and displacements. Draft forces ranging from 440 to 750 N were used in the study. According to prior studies, the angle of attack after the forces have been applied should not exceed 80 degrees.
ASSESSMENT OF CARBON FOOTPRINTS OF A TYPICAL NIGERIAN TOWNSHIP POST OFFICE: A CASE STUDY OF KAFANCHAN DISTRICT POST OFFICE, KAFANCHAN, NIGERIA
Authors: MSHELIA RICHARD BALTHI , BABARINDE FUNSHO
Published: October 2021

This research work focuses on carbon footprinting the operations of a township post office in a developing country. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the Universal Postal Union’s guidelines for carbon accounting. The results showed that for the inventory year, the office’s carbon footprint was 13.3423 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e). It was found that for each gram of parcel delivered, 0.0171 kgCO2e was emitted into the atmosphere. Results further showed that 82 % of emission is attributed to delivery of mails while 18 % is as a result of sorting and other minor activities within the facility.
IDENTIFIKASI PERSONALISASI VERBAL DAN NONVERBAL DALAM KAJIAN PERILAKU TERITORIALITAS
Authors: Andriani Dela , Novianti Yenny , Ersa Nanda Savira
Published: October 2021

Penggunaan ruang yang tanpa batas pada ruang-ruang publik di Pasar Inpres Kota Lhokseumawe, berakibat pada banyaknya intervensi pada setiap ruang sehingga berpengaruh terhadap mobilitas ruang-ruang tersebut. Untuk mempertahankan teritori dari intervensi terhadap ruang-ruang ini, maka setiap pengguna/individu mempunyai cara tersendiri. Penelitian ini dititikberatkan pada penggambaran perilaku personalisasi berdasarkan reaksi nonverbal dari setiap individu/pengguna pada salah satu segmen dari Pasar Inpres Kota Lhokseumawe. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif yang mengacu pada pendekatan rasionalistik. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi lapangan lalu dilakukan pemetaan perilaku manusia di dalamnya. Dari hasil analisa dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa perilaku personalisasi yang dilakukan oleh pengguna (pedagang) pada bagian penelitian ini sangat mendominasi. Hal ini untuk menciptakan rasa aman dan nyaman sehingga pengguna tidak perlu merasa khawatir terhadap intervensi teritorinya. Selain itu, perilaku personalisasi berdasarkan reaksi nonverbal juga terlihat pada kognisi kepemilikan secara primer, sekunder dan publik.
Sabitfikir Güncel Edebiyat Dergisi'nde Neoliberal Söylem
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Betül
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmada Sabitfikir Güncel Edebiyat Dergisi’nde neoliberal söylemin üretilip üretilmediği Foucaultcu Söylem Analizi yöntemi ile araştırılmaktadır. Bilindiği üzere neoliberalizm temelde ekonomik bir anlayış olsa da bireyi ve toplumu şekillendiren yeni bir yönetimsellik biçimidir. Yönetimsellik üzerine çalışan Michel Foucault’ya göre neoliberalizm de diğer hakikat söylemleri gibi belirli özneler yaratır. Bu öznenin genel özellikleri rekabetçi, girişimci ve tüketici olmasıdır. Söz konusu öznellik temsilleri insanlara medya ile aktarılmaktadır. Ancak medya bazen neoliberal söylemin de içinde olduğu pek çok egemen söylemi yeniden ürettiği gibi bazen de karşıt söylemler üretmektedir. Bu araştırmanın inceleme nesnesi 2011’den beri yayın hayatında olan Sabitfikir Güncel Edebiyat Dergisi’dir. Zira edebiyat dergileri tanıtımını yaptığı edebi eserlerle -neyi seçip tanıttığı ile- ve denemelerle belirli söylemlerin yeniden üretilmesinde ve Adornocu yaklaşımla kültürün endüstrileşmesini sağlayan önemli bir araçtır. Dergi 2018’de Doğan Medya’dan Turkuvaz Medya sahipliğine geçtiğinden söylemlerin değişip değişmediği de araştırmanın sorularından biridir. Araştırmanın yöntemi insanların birer özne olarak normalize edildiğini belirten Foucault’nun yöntemidir. Bu sayede insanların neoliberal özneye nasıl dönüştükleri gösterilip derginin bu söylem karşısındaki konumu sorgulanmaktadır. Sonuç olarak kitap tanıtım yazıları ve söyleşilerde neoliberal söylemin reddedilip karşıt söylemin üretildiği bununla birlikte derginin kültür endüstrisinin bir aracı olması nedeniyle bu konuda bir dilemma olduğu gözlemlenmektedir.
Deep space explorers: The Cultural Legacy and Historical Memory of Pioneer 10 and 11 and Voyager 1 and 2, from the Pale Blue Dot to SNL
Authors: Choi Darren
Published: October 2021

Pioneer 10 and 11 and Voyager 1 and 2 have the distinction of being the only human-made objects to have left or be on track to leave the Solar System (other than the recently launched New Horizons mission). While their scientific work is significant, the history of these four missions reveals a deeper cultural legacy. One of the primary public faces of these missions was science communicator Carl Sagan. By exploring how Sagan defined the significance of these missions in his work, we reveal the impact of these missions on our collective imaginings of spaceflight and space exploration (i.e. “astroculture”). We find that the twin Pioneers and Voyagers inspired self-reflexive ideas of human isolation and fragility within the cosmos, introduced communication with extraterrestrials as a serious aspect of spaceflight efforts, and supplemented the image of the astronaut with the robotic probe as the symbol of the human spirit of exploration.
The Impact of the Flexner Report on Sectarian Medical Schools
Authors: Clark Daniel
Published: October 2021

Alternative medicine was a common form of medical practice in the 19th century. Yet, by the mid-20th century, homeopathic and eclectic medical schools became nearly nonexistent. Many historians point to Abraham Flexner’s report Medical Education in the United States and Canada Bulletin Number Four, commonly referred to as the Flexner Report, as a key reason for the decline of homeopathic and eclectic medical schools. In his report, Flexner blatantly criticizes sectarian medical philosophy and discredits nearly all homeopathic and eclectic medical school. Although numerous historians have investigated how the Flexner report initiated governmental reforms of medical education which thereby contributed to the dissolution of numerous homeopathic and eclectic medical schools, the impact of the Flexner Report on the public perception of alternative medicine has been largely neglected.

            This study examines newspaper articles published during that period and the records of alternative medical schools to provide insight into how the Flexner Report impacted public perception of alternative medicine and thus contributed to the decline in homeopathic and eclectic medical schools. This study reveals that the media widely portrayed Flexner, and thus the information in his report, as a reliable and unbiased source despite Flexner’s strongly influenced educational philosophy and his close cooperation with the AMA which favoured allopathic medical schools. As financial records of homeopathic and eclectic medical schools reveal, the public’s acceptance of Flexner’s perspective led to a decline in public funding and enrolment at these institutions, thereby leading to the closure of numerous homeopathic and eclectic medical schools. However, since many of these institutions were suffering financially prior to 1910, the impact of the Flexner Report should not be over-stressed. Therefore, taking into consideration the historical context, the Flexner Report played a key role in hastening the pre-existing decline in homeopathic and eclectic medical schools.
Corneal stromal abscess and anterior uveitis in a pet goat
Authors: Panagiotis D Katsoulos , Konstantinos S Themistokleous
Published: October 2021

A 3-year-old non-lactating pet goat was referred to our clinic due to advanced ocular lesions and blindness of the left eye (Figure 1). According to the case history, two weeks ago, a grass awn penetrated and injured the eye. The awn was removed by the owner immediately. The following day, the goat had serous ocular discharge and photophobia and was referred to a private veterinarian. The veterinarian did not find any remaining piece of the awn and prescribed tetracaine eye drops to be administered twice a day for the next 4 days. The treatment was not successful and the eye’s condition deteriorated the following days.
Green Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles using Fruit Peels of Citrus Paradise for Remediation of Congo Red Dye
Authors: Kiran Shumaila , Rafique Muhammad Asim , Ashraf Asma , Farooq Tahir , Iqbal Sarosh , Afzal Gulnaz , Ajmal Saba , Naz Saba
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Biosorption is a cost-effective excellent tool for removing problematic dyes. The present work was focused on the utilization of Citrus paradise (grapefruit) peels aqueous extract for synthesis of nickel nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by SEM and were used for the remediation of congo red direct dye. The decolorization of Congo Red direct dye was measured using UV/Visible spectrophotometer following the optimization of experimental factors. Maximum decolorization was observed at a dye concentration of 0.02 %, pH 6, at 50 °C temperature, and catalyst dose was 0.01 g/L. TOC and COD values were found to be 79.89 % and 78.23 %. Agriculrural waste could be used for the remediation of other synthetic dyes as well; hence helps in cleaning our natural environment.
 
Resumen. La biosorción es una excelente herramienta rentable para eliminar colorantes problemáticos. El presente trabajo se centró en la utilización del extracto de cáscaras de Citrus paradise (pomelo) para la síntesis de nanopartículas de níquel. Las nanopartículas preparadas se caracterizaron por microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) y se utilizaron para la remediación del colorante directo rojo de Congo. La decoloración del colorante directo Rojo Congo se midió mediante espectrometría siguiendo la optimización de factores experimentales. Se observó una decoloración máxima a una concentración de colorante de 0.02 %, pH 6, y una temperatura de 50 °C; la dosis del catalizador fue de 0.01 g/L. Se determinó que los valores de TOC y DQO eran 79.89 % y 78.23 %, respectivamente. Los residuos agrícolas también podrían utilizarse para la remediación de otros tintes sintéticos y con ello ayudar a limpiar nuestro entorno natural.
Motivace a osobnost
Authors:   Univerzita Palackého, Czech Republic, Plháková Alena
Published: October 2021

The famous book by Abraham H. Maslow's Moti­vation and Personality is one of the seminal psychological works of the 20th century. It is therefore only to be welcomed that its second, expanded and revised edition from 1970 is now available in Czech translation for the first time. The book consists of sixteen chapters and two appendices. In the first of these, Maslow deals with the problems generated by the positive approach in psychology. Maslow commonly uses the term positive psychology here, which he introduced in 1954 in the first edition of his book, so that he is considered one of the forerunners or founders of this movement. In the second appendix, the author emphasizes his belief in the need to move from the study of partial psychological problems or domains to a holistic-dynamic approach.
The Role of Culture On Service Failure Perceptions and Service Recovery Expectations In Restaurants
Authors: ÜLKER Mustafa , ŞAHBAZ Ramazan Pars , KARAMUSTAFA Kurtuluş
Published: October 2021

In this study, the aim is to examine the service failures encountered in restaurants and the recovery efforts that consumers expect in response to service failures in the context of cultural values. A qualitative research approach was adopted, and data were collected from nine tourist guides through semi-structured interviews. Content analysis was used for data analysis. The results show that service failures are categorized as (a) failures in the kitchen, (b) failures in the presentation of services, and (c) general failures while service recoveries are categorized as (i) compensatory responses, (ii) empathetic responses, and (iii) corrective responses. As the results indicate, Turkish tourists care more about failures in the kitchen. Contrary to this, American tourists care more about failures in the presentation of services. Furthermore, Turkish tourists expect compensatory and corrective responses in kitchen-based failures, on the other hand, American tourists expect compensatory responses.
ANALYSIS OF DEPOSIT PORTFOLIO FORMATION OF A COMMERCIAL BANK
Authors:   National Aviation University, Horbachova Oksana
Published: October 2021

The main part of the bank's resources is formed by attracting customers' funds to deposit accounts, and their amount, in turn, depends on the effectively planned policy of the bank. The possibility of active operations depends on the volume and structure of borrowed funds by a banking institution. In the context of financial and economic and pandemic crises, the analysis of the structure of attracted resources becomes important, namely: the formation of the deposit portfolio of commercial banks, taking into account the use of long-term deposits as a future investment resource. The essence and significance of deposit activity of a commercial bank are analyzed. The peculiarities of the formation of the deposit portfolio of a commercial bank are determined. The financial and economic indicators of the deposit activity of the First Ukrainian International Bank Joint-Stock Company are analyzed. The analysis of the bank's deposit programs was performed.
ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE STATE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE PANDEMIC: THEORETICAL AND APPLIED THINKING
Authors:   Rostov State University of Economics, Medvedkina Evgeniya , Ishchenko Tamara ,   Rostov State University of Economics
Published: October 2021

The problem of ensuring the economic security of the state is quite urgent. This study examines theoretical approaches to defining this definition, as well as the structural elements of the concept of economic security. The aim of the study is to identify the theoretical and methodological substantiation of the economic security of the state and the development of strategic directions for ensuring the economic security of the Russian Federation in the face of modern global challenges. The stages for assessing the level of economic security of the state are determined. Based on the existing methods for assessing the economic security of the state, a methodological approach to this assessment is proposed, taking into account the totality of macroindicators, industry, financial and social indicators. The calculation of the indicators of the economic security of the Russian Federation showed that the indicators do not go beyond the threshold values. The results of constructing an econometric model made it possible to determine the indicators of national economic security that have the most significant impact on the level of economic development of the state, as well as to identify internal and external threats to the Russian Federation. Thus, we can conclude that the economic security of the state can be represented as the state of protection of the national economy from external and internal threats, which ensures the progressive development of society, its economic and socio-political stability, despite the presence of unfavorable external and internal factors; ensuring national economic security and neutralizing all possible threats is the fundamental task of the state government. The level of economic development of the country as a whole and the quality of life of its citizens depend on the success and effectiveness of countermeasures.
BEHAVIOURAL ANALYSIS IN THE VILLAGE FUND SYSTEM USING THE UTAUT METHOD
Authors: Fuad Khoirul , Nurrokhmahwati Nurrokhmahwati , Handayani Retno Tri
Published: October 2021

The information system aims to simplify, accelerate, and be responsible. The behavior in the use of technology is an essential part of achieving good village financial management using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) approach. The population of this research is all village government offices in Tegal Regency. This research is a quantitative study with primary data and a convenience sampling method. This research sample is village apparatus that is directly related to the village fund system (SISKEUDES). Meanwhile, the data analysis of this study uses SPSS software. The test results show that performance expectations negatively affect business expectations, social influences, and conditions that facilitate a positive and significant impact.