bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rawls’s Theory of Justice and its Relevance in Analyzing Injustice on Ethnic Phenomenon
Authors: Sari Cut Maya Aprita
Published: September 2020

The theory of justice explained by John Rawls is often used by researchers in a limited way and only to explain the problem of economic inequality which in turn raises conflict in society. Whereas, the theory of justice proposed by Rawls is very complex and comprehensive. Not only able to explain injustice in an economic context, precisely the Rawls theory of justice can be used to analyze the issue of ethnic injustice both in various aspects. By using a qualitative method based on literature review this paper aims to explore Rawls's theory of justice and its relevance in Analyzing Injustice on Ethnic Phenomenon. Finally, this paper also provide the recommendations to researchers who are concerned with the issue of ethnic conflict to be able to use Rawls's theory of justice as an alternative analysis tool capable of explaining injustice in ethnic issues.
Penerapan Metode Team Games Tournament (TGT) Pada Mata Pelajaran IPA dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Septiksari Resti
Published: September 2020

Kurang tepatnya guru dalam memilih suatu metode pembelajaran akan berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan proses belajar mengajar. Metode yang dapat diterapkan adalah metode TGT yaitu salah satu metode pembelajaran yang menempatkan siswa dalam kelompok belajar yang beranggotakan tiga sampai lima orang yang memiliki kemampuan dan latar belakang yang berbeda. Perumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah prestasi belajar siswa dapat meningkat dengan menggunakan metode Team Games Tournament pada mata pelajaran IPA kelas V Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah Senumarga. Adapun pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini, penulis mengambil kelas V yang berjumlah 12 siswa. Menurut Suharsimi Arikunto yaitu apabila subjeknya kurang dari 100, lebih baik diambil semua sehingga penelitian ini adalah penelitian populasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode observasi, angket, wawancara, dokumentasi dan tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan rumus tinggi, sedang, rendah (TSR) kemudian untuk mencari pengaruh penerapan metode TGT terhadap prestasi belajar siswa, dapat dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus product moment. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode Team Games Tournament (TGT) dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA materi perubahan sifat benda setelah diketahui bahwa terdapat 5 (41,67%) siswa dalam kategori tinggi, 4 (33,33%) siswa termasuk dalam kategori sedang dan 3 (25%) siswa termasuk dalam kategori rendah.
Pengaruh motivasi belajar siswa terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Panca Tunggal Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Makhmuri Makhmuri , Andini Nesi Anti
Published: September 2020

Motivasi adalah kekuatan baik dari dalam maupun dari luar yang mendorong seseorang untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya. Motivasi merupakan faktor pendorong suksesnya pembelajaran dengan baik, karena tanpa adanya motivasi belajar yang tinggi, proses pembelajaran akan terhambat sehingga siswa tidak akan serius dalam mengikuti pembelajaran dan hasil belajar siswa akan menurun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian survey. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa/siswi SD Negeri Panca Tunggal sebanyak 305 siswa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Panca Tunggal sebanyak 55 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara purposive sampling. Variabel yang diteliti yaitu motivasi belajar (X) dengan hasil belajar (Y). Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, angket (kuesioner) dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan uji normalitas, uji linieritas, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil Penelitian Persentase motivasi belajar siswa yang paling tinggi adalah adanya hasrat dan cita-cita masa depan dan adanya penghargaan dalam belajar sebesar 20%. Kategori Motivasi Belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Panca Tunggal masuk dalam kategori sedang sebesar 52,7% sebanyak 29 siswa. Persentase hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Panca Tunggal rata-rata dengan nilai 70 sebesar 32,7% sebanyak 18 siswa. Kategori hasil belajar siswa masuk dalam kategori sedang sebesar 69,1% sebanyak 38 siswa. Uji hipotesis yang dilakukan dengan uji OneSampel T test, maka diperoleh nilai signifikansi (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000.Karena nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05, maka Ho ditolak. Sedangkan nilai thitung motivasi belajar sebesar 38,932 dan thitung hasil belajar sebesar 36,168 lebih besar dari ttabel = 2,000, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hasil Uji Regresi Liniear Sederhana diperoleh bahwa nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05 sehingga Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada motivasi belajar siswa terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Panca Tunggal Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020.
Permasalahan Proses Pembelajaran pada Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Hiperaktif di Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri Martapura
Authors: Roniyati Lisa , Peritiwi Ratih Purnama
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah pentingnya mengetahui permasalahan proses pembelajaran anak hiperaktif dan bagaimana cara penanganan yang dilakukan oleh guru. Karena setiap anak pasti menggalami banyak permasalahan pembelajaran tidak hanya anak normal namun anak berkebutuhan khusus sangat rentang dalam permasalahan yang mereka hadapi pada proses pembelajaran. Salah satunya yaitu di SLB Negeri Martapura kabupaten OKU TIMUR. Telah diketahui beberapa cara yang dilakukan guru untuk mengatasi permasalahan proses pembelajaran pada anak hiperaktif, yaitu dengan menggunakan pendekatan, metode dan media yang menggunakan benda konkrit.

Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru kelas, guru khusus, orang tua dan kepalas sekolah untuk mengetahui permasalahn proses pembelajaran pada anak berkebutuhan khusus hiperaktif di SLB Negeri Martapura Kabupaten OKU TIMUR. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan permasalahan proses pembelajaran anak berkebutuhan khusus hiperaktif.

         Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan melalui observasi berperan serta, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumen. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara memberikan beberapa pertanyaan dan merangkum analisis data yang diperoleh. Pemeriksaan keabsahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik triangulasi, yaitu triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa permasalahan yang dialami anak hiperaktif adalah konsentrasi, ketenangan siswa dan emosional siswa yang sulit terkontrol. Maka diperlukan nya pendekatan yang lebih dilakukan oleh guru khusus dan guru kelas. Dari 4 siswa semua menjadi subjek penelitian.
Informasi Gangguan Tekanan Udara pada Peralatan Mesin Kompresor dengan Komunikasi SMS berbasis Arduino
Authors: Jamaaluddin
Published: September 2020

Dalam dunia industri plastik mesin kompresor sangat dibutuhkan, penggunaan mesin kompresor membutuhkan udara sebagai penggerak sistem pneumatic dan valve. Pengoperasian mesin kompresor menggunakan pneumatic membutuhkan tekanan udara yang tidak sedikit, karena untuk menjalankan peralatan yang berat dibutuhkan tekanan udara yang tinggi. Jika tekanan udara mesin kompresor berkurang akan berpengaruh pada kualitas produk plastik dan menyebabkan kurang maksimal sistem kerja pneumatic mesin penggerak. Dengan mengimplementasikan sistem kontrol informasi gangguan tekanan udara diharapkan membantu sistem pneumatic dan valve. Bila terjadi gangguan pada peralatan yang terhubung mesin kompresor dengan menggunakan sistem pneumatic kerusakan peralatan mesin kompresor dapat teratasi, sehingga proses produksi berjalan lancar. Penggunaan arduino sebagai kontrol tekanan udara mesin kompresor yang menggunakan pneumatic, sedangkan pressure switch terpasang pada sistem keluaran udara bertekanan dari mesin kompresor. Selanjutnya didistribusikan pada mesin plastik. Jika tekanan udara berkurang, pressure switch akan memberikan sinyal masukan ke arduino. Sinyal modul GSM mengirimkan pesan informasi berupa SMS gangguan tekanan udara terhadap peralatan mesin kompresor kepada nomor teknisi.
Pengukuran Arus dan Tegangan pada Prototype Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH) berdasarkan Debit dan Kecepatan Air
Authors: Bayu Dwi Prabowo
Published: September 2020

Kebutuhan energi dari tahun ke tahun mengalami peningkatan dan bahan bakar yang menipis. Negara Indonesia harus memiliki cara untuk mengatasi persediaan energi tersebut. Energi Baru dan Terbarukan (EBT) diharapkan dapat menangani kurangnya persediaan bahan bakar energi dan tidak bergantung dengan energi fosil. Prototipe Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hydro (PLTMH) adalah contoh simulasi dari Energi Baru dan Terbarukan (EBT) dalam skala kecil. Dengan memanfaatkan debit air jatuh untuk memutar turbin dan menggerakkan generator untuk membangkitkan energi listrik. Untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan sebagai simulasi dari PLTMH (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hydro) yang sebenarnya. Dengan menggunakan perbandingan 2 botol yang memiliki saluran berbeda untuk melakukan perbandingan arus dan tegangan yang dihasilkan. Prototipe PLTMH yang digunakan dapat menghasilkan output tanpa beban sebesar 0,029 watt dan 0,0596 watt. Prototipe PLTMH ini juga menghasilkan efisiensi tanpa beban sebesar18,02% dan 18,48%. Dari uji tersebut diambil kesimpulan bahwa debit, kecepatan dan tekanan air mempengaruhi arus dan tegangan pada sebuah turbin atau pembangkit. Semakin besar debit, kecepatan dan tekanan air maka semakin besar juga energi yang dapat dihasilkan.
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI IKLAN PT. GRANARY INDONESIA PROPERTY SERVICE
Authors: Irmansyah Lutfi Rizki , Sudarsono Bernadus Gunawan , Lestari Sri Poedji , Bani Alexius Ulan
Published: September 2020

PT. Granary Indonesia Property Service adalah Agen Properti profesional yang akan membantu melakukan semua proses properti dengan layanan “One Stop Service” untuk layanan di bidang Properti, yakni Konsultasi, Kontraktor, Investasi, Pengembangan, Pendidikan perumahan. Sebagai sebuah agen professional, perusahaan sangat mengandalkan iklan yang cepat yang penting untuk nilai kompetisi. Namun saat ini proses pengisian administrasi Iklan seperti proses survei foto, telemarketing, iklan, showing, deal jual sewa yang berjalan masih menggunakan kertas listing, dan penyimpanan menggunakan MS. Excel pada setiap divisinya. Masalah lain yaitu belum adanya pelaporan kepada pimpinan sehingga keputusan yang diambil pimpinan terkesan mendadak dan lambat. Semua masalah ini menyebabkan pengerjaan administrasi iklan memakan waktu lebih dari 1 hari. Perusahaan sangat berkeinginan untuk mempercepat proses administrasi periklanan ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk bagaimana membangun system informasi administrasi periklanan dengan memperbaiki proses administrasi periklanan yang berjalan saat ini sehingga proses pengisian administrasi lebih cepat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode yang memiliki 3 tahapan penelitian yaitu tahap analisa sistem berjalan, perancangan sistem dan pelaporan. Hasil penelitian ini berupa usulan model rancangan, class diagram dan rancangan user interface. Usulan model rancangan pengembangan sistem administrasi iklan dengan menambahkan proses baru yaitu proses pelaporan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu perusahaan dalam memberikan masukan yang penting guna mempercepat proses administrasi iklan.
ANALISIS SENTIMEN TERHADAP TEMPAT KULINER AYAM GEDEBUK DARI KOMENTAR PENGUNJUNG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE NAÏVE BAYES CLASSIFIER
Authors: Mastan Ignatius Adrian , Toni Yosafat
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memberikan informasi tentang kualitas sebuah tempat kuliner yaitu Ayam Gedebuk. Dengan menggunakan sentimen dari pengunjung, Pemilik tempat kuliner atau calon pengusaha dapat menentukan langkah apa yang harus diambil untuk memutuskan langkah apa yang harus diambil tanpa harus turun langsung dan melihat satu persatu. Salah satu teknik yang digunakan adalah Naïve Bayes Classifier, serta menggunakan Google Maps sebagai sumber data dalam pembuatan aplikasi, data yang digunakan dalam pembuatan sistem ini yaitu data tempat kuliner, sentimen pengunjung dan rating tempat. Dengan demikian pemilik tempat kuliner dapat mengambil keputusan mengenai apa yang harus dilakukan berdasarkan pendapat dari pengunjung tempat kulinernya
Yuk Lapor : Sistem Informasi Pengaduan Keluhan Masyarakat Berbasis Aplikasi Mobile Untuk Inovasi Teknologi Pembangunan Berkelanjutan
Authors: Liliana Lydia
Published: September 2020

Sustainable Development Goals atau SDGs 2030 mempunyai capaian untuk mendorong inovasi dalam bidang teknologi yang terlihat dari penerapan E-Government. Saat ini, kualitas pelayanan publik yang diberikan oleh lembaga pemerintah masih belum maksimal. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat di kelurahan Cengkareng Timur adalah masih banyaknya keluhan masyarakat yang belum tersampaikan dengan baik ke lembaga pemerintahan.  Pada umumnya, ketika masyarakat mempunyai keluhan, mereka harus mendatangi langsung pihak RT/RW, namun keluhan tersebut belum tentu disampaikan bahkan tidak ditangani dengan cepat. Aplikasi “Yuk Lapor” diperuntukkan dalam menyampaikan aspirasi/pengaduan terhadap masalah di lingkungannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam perancangan aplikasi ini adalah System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) yang hanya sampai pada tahap desain gambaran aplikasi. Dengan menggunakan aplikasi ini, diharapkan masyarakat dapat melakukan pengaduan sesuai dengan kategori permasalahan (Sampah, kebakaran, hewan liar), mengikuti forum diskusi, melihat artikel dan nomor-nomor penting yang dapat membantu masyarakat dalam menyampaikan keluhan serta meningkatkan kinerja pelayanan kelurahan.
Analisa Aplikasi Klinikmedika Berbasis Risiko Dengan Itil Pada Domain Service Design
Authors: Lee Francka Sakti , Vera Delly , Pranata Michael , Stevanus Stevanus , Karepowan Nadia
Published: September 2020

Klinikedika adalah sebuah aplikasi klinik yang dibuat sendiri oleh Perusahaan Software House guna memberikan kemudahan bagi pihak klinik maupun rumah sakit dalam memberikan layanan kepada para pasien yang datang untuk berobat, layanan yang diberikan dalam aplikasi ini berupa registrasi pasien, pemilihan dokter, melakukan medical check-up, pencatatan track pasien, pembayaran dan juga mencetak lembar dokumen data pasien. Namun aplikasi Klinikedika belum pernah melakukan evaluasi terkait penggunaan aplikasi tersebut, sebagai penyedia layanan aplikasi Klinikedika, penting bagi Software House untuk melakukan pemantauan dan evaluasi terhadap aplikasi mereka agar dapat beroperasi dengan sebagaimana mestinya dan membantu kegiatan operasional di klinik dan rumah sakit. Oleh sebab itu, dilakukanlah pengukuran tingkat kematangan pada aplikasi Klinikedika yang berfokus pada seluruh domain di Service Design (Service Catalogue Management; Service  Level; Capacity Management; Availability; IT Service Continuity; Supplier Management) pada kerangka kerja ITIL Versi 3. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasi dan wawancara, yang kemudian datanya akan dianalisis menggunakan analisis berbasis risiko, sehingga hasil yang akan didapatkan nantinya berupa proses bisnis di dalam aplikasi, maturity level pada setiap domain yang ada di Service Design dan temuan hasil berbasis risiko pada aplikasi Klinikedika tersebut
Ultrasound examination during delivery - is an additional tool for obstructive birth prediction
Authors: N. V. Gerevich
Published: September 2020

Complications during  labor are one of the causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and, sometimes, mortality. That is why the search aimed at improving existing obstetric practices continues to be relevant.Obstructive labor is a clinical situation that the obstetrician-gynecologist encounters quite often, especially given the existing trend to increase the number of fetuses with high weight (over 95‰). The criteria used today are not effective enough and do not allow to detect complications in time, and therefore, always prevent intranatal injuries of the fetus and mother on the one hand. On the other hand, the subjectivity of part of the existing criteria in the diagnosis of obstructive labor in some cases is the cause of unreasonable surgical completion of labor by cesarean section. Therefore, the search for a better model for diagnosing this complication continues to be relevant. The purpose of this study is to improve existing methods for diagnosing the mismatch of the size of the fetal head to the size of the mother’s pelvis during childbirth.The objective: establish effective use of ultrasound (US) during childbirth to predict the method of delivery.Materials and methods. The article presents the data of a prospective cohort study of ultrasound examination during labor. The study included 112 mothers in the period 37–41 weeks, who underwent ultrasound: transabdominal  in the first period of labor when opening the uterine cervix from 3 cm or more (determined fetal presentation, fetal position and type of position, additionally determined localization of the placenta, amount of amnio, fetal heart rate); in the second period of labor, transperineal ultrasound was performed to determine the angle of progression. Results. The possibility of using ultrasound during labor as a predictor of the development of complications during labor – obstructive labor. The use of the proposed method allows to identify in time the risk group of complications of delivery associated with the  dissonanse  size of the fetal head to the size of the pelvis of the mother. The use of ultrasound imaging technologies helps to accurately detect the difficulty of rocking the anterior head of the fetus through the birth canal. The expediency of measuring the angle of progression for predicting the onset of obstructive labor has been established. The efficiency of the proposed method is proved.Conclusions. It has been established that ultrasound during labor is an additional research method that can improve the quality of obstetric care for mothers. The proposed practices are objective, easy to implement in health care facilities that provide services related to pregnancy and childbirth, and effective for early detection of a group of mothers in whom the risk of obstructive labor is high.
Releasing Dependency on Western Culture in Efforts to Contextualize
Authors: Sanjaya Yudhy
Published: September 2020

Contextualization in theology is an interesting thing to observe because the development of theology cannot be separated from culture. And nowadays western thoughts greatly influence theology in the world, including in Asia. This is due to the large number of theologians from parts of the western world who pour their main thoughts in books that are made into literature by theologians today in theology and in the world of Christian education. This paper tries to look from a different perspective where Christian theology and education should be based on the culture that has developed in Asian society. It is hoped that the ideas of local theologians will emerge who have influenced the development of theology in Asia. Through the method of studying literature from Asian theologians and observing the phenomena that occur, the writer tries to give the idea that in doing theology and developing Christian education it is necessary to explore Asian local wisdom and release the dependence on Western theology
The Challenges Of Education In The Millennial Era
Authors: Harefa Desy
Published: September 2020

Human being transforms over time, from one generation to another. Each oneshows and marks their characteristic at one specific era. The MILLENNIAL orMILLENNIUM era presents a generation of people who are occupied withdifferent characteristics that make them draws a lot of attention. Generally thismillennial generation is YOUNG PEOPLE who live at the average age of 17-35years old. They are often referred to as generation Y, which distinguishes themfrom the earlier generation (generation X), and there after (generation Z andAlpha). The Y are born, grow and develop in the midst of the development ofscience and technology, especially the information technology which is verythe presence and impact of the information technology. Questions such as: whatplatform they use, how they communicate, and how they learn: are questions thatoccasionally discussed among educators andby various educational institutions.Information technology based products such as: E-mail, SMS, Facebook andTwitter are always used by these millennials, and so cell phones, laptops, internet,are always carried everywhere and operated in communication and learning.Through these tools, millennials communicate and access information widely andrapidly.
News exposure and political preferences: A field experiment from Hungary
Authors: Simonovits Gábor , Rona Daniel , Galgoczi Eszter , Holle Alexandra
Published: September 2020

This note reports the findings of a field experiment designed to assess the persuasive effects of mass media in a hybrid regime. We enlisted a sample of Hungarian young adults [n=775] to a newsletter which included both political and non-political news. Our experiment focused on immigration - a central issue in Hungary since 2015 - and we randomly assigned subjects to versions of the newsletters including either pro-government, anti-government or no coverage of the issue. We estimated the impact of the news stories featured in the newsletter through a panel survey, comparing the attitudes of subjects receiving contrasting coverage of immigration related stories about two weeks after the receipt of the last news. Our findings show little evidence of media effects on either issue importance, issue attitudes or overall government evaluation in this setting.
Associations between relationship power and personality traits differ across relationship-types [RR Draft]
Authors: Junkins Eleanor J , Derringer Jaime
Published: September 2020

Power is fundamental to romantic relationships; Relationship Power (RP) affects personal andrelationship outcomes. The current goals are to examine a) associations between RP and personality and Masculinity/Femininity, and b) effect relationship context (same-sex or opposite-sex relationship) has on these associations. We will run multiple regressions, separately, for each personality, Masculinity, and Femininity trait to evaluate a) the main effect on RP controlling forage covariates, and b) the interaction effect between the respective trait and relationship-type on RP. Significant associations between the 7 traits under investigation and RP would confirm the hypotheses. Significance of the interaction term for personality showing greater association in same-sex couples, as well as significance of mas/fem showing greater associations with RP inopposite-sex couples would confirm the hypotheses regarding the importance of relationship context.
A Neurocognitive Model of Ideological Thinking
Authors: Zmigrod Leor
Published: September 2020

Ideological behaviour has been traditionally viewed as a product of social forces. Nonetheless, an emerging science is suggesting that ideological worldviews can also be understood in terms of neural and cognitive principles. The paper proposes a Neurocognitive Model of Ideological Thinking, which argues that ideological worldviews may be manifestations of individuals’ perceptual and cognitive systems. The Neurocognitive Model makes two essential claims. Firstly, there are neurocognitive antecedents to ideological thinking: the brain’s low-level neurocognitive dispositions influence its receptivity to ideological doctrines. And secondly, there are neurocognitive consequences to ideological engagement: strong exposure and adherence to ideological doctrines can shape perceptual and cognitive systems. The paper details the Neurocognitive Model of Ideological Thinking and synthesizes the empirical evidence in support of its claims. The model postulates that there are bidirectional processes between the brain and the ideological environment, and so it can address the roles of situational and motivational factors in ideologically-motivated action. This endeavour highlights that an interdisciplinary neurocognitive approach to ideologies can facilitate biologically-informed accounts of the ideological brain and thus reveal who is most susceptible to extreme and authoritarian ideologies. Consequently, by investigating the relationships between low-level perceptual processes and high-level ideological attitudes, we can develop a better grasp of our collective history as well as the mechanisms that may structure our political futures.
Validation of the Iowa Test of Consonant Perception
Authors: Geller Jason , McMurray Bob , Choi Inyong , Holmes Ann
Published: September 2020

Speech perception, especially in background noise, is a critical problem for hearing impaired listeners, and an important issue for cognitive hearing science. Despite a plethora of standardized measures, there are few single-word, closed-set tasks that uniformly sample the phonetic space and which use response choices that balance all phonetic features. The Iowa Test of Consonant Perception (ITCP) was developed to solve this. It is a phonemically balanced word recognition task designed to assess perception of the initial consonant of monosyllabic consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) words. The ITCP consists of 120 phonetically balanced CVC words. Words were recorded from four different talkers (two female), and uniformly sample from all four corners of the vowel space to control for coarticulation. Response choices on each trial are balanced to equate difficulty and sample a single phonetic feature. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of ITCP by examining reliability (test-retest) and validity in a sample of online normal hearing participants. Ninety-eight participants completed two sessions of the ITCP along with standardized tests of words and sentence in noise (CNC words and AzBio sentences). The ITCP showed good test-retest reliability and convergent validity with two popular speech-in-noise tasks. ITCP materials are freely available here: https://osf.io/hycdu/.
Unbundling Linked Fate: How Respondents Interpret Linked Fate Question
Authors: Kim Jae Yeon , Yan Alan Nigel
Published: September 2020

Linked fate is a canonical measure of group solidarity in the study of race and ethnic politics. We argue that the standard wording used for this concept is too general to unbundle distinct ways survey respondents might interpret the linked fate question. We conceptualize two ways respondents might think about their ties to a racial group: linked hurt or linked progress. Linked hurt is when a respondent believes that when their group is hurt, they are hurt, while linked progress is when a respondent believes that when their group is helped, they are also helped. We compared the standard linked fate measure to our measures using a representative survey in California (n = 4,435). We found that our alternative measures are valid and more reliable than the standard linked fate measure. We also found that the relative political role of linked fate across racial groups varies depending on how linked fate is measured. We recommend that scholars use our measures over the standard measure of linked fate to understand how linked fate shapes racialized political behavior more precisely and reliably.
Plots, Attacks, and the Measurement of Terrorism
Authors: Hegghammer Thomas , Ketchley Neil
Published: September 2020

How should we measure terrorism? Political scientists typically use executed attacks as the dependent variable and test covariates to identify factors that produce terrorism. But attacks are an imperfect measure of terrorist activity because of `plot attrition' --- the tendency for plots to derail due to police intervention or other factors. We examine whether the exclusion of foiled plots from event datasets constitutes a measurement problem in terrorism studies. Building on recent advances in plot data collection, we study the correlation between plots and attacks and conduct an original analysis of jihadism in Europe. Our results suggest common research designs predicting terrorism can produce different results depending on whether incidents are operationalized as plots or attacks. Adjusting for state security capability does not solve the problem. Despite its limitations, plot data are a better measure of terrorist activity and should be incorporated, when available, in quantitative studies of terrorism.
A Systematic Review of Skeletal, Dental and Soft Tissue Treatment Effects of Twin Block Appliance
Authors: Daokar Suchita , Sharma Mitali
Published: September 2020

This systematic review aims to assess skeletal, dental and soft tissue treatment effects of the conventional Twin-block appliance compared to control in Class II malocclusion till date. The electronic databases of Medline, PubMed and Cochrane library were systematically searched until September 2019. The human studies that had used the conventional Twin block appliance with a control group evaluated by a Lateral Cephalogram were included. A total of 321 articles were examined. 10 articles were selected. Majority studies reported a significant improvement in the mandible and in the vertical height, maxillary restrictive effect was less consistently reported. A restrictive maxillary molar effect and an advancement in the mandibular molar has been suggested. Retroclination of the maxillary incisors and proclination of mandibular incisor inclination has been reported. There is some evidence to suggest a retrusive upper lip effect and a protrusive lower lip effect. Increase in Nasolabial angle and some decrease in the mentolabial sulcus to be expected. In conclusion the conventional Twin Block appliance have shown desirable skeletal, dental and soft tissue effects. However certain inevitable side effects are also seen mainly its effect on lower anterior proclination.
Modified Keles TPA –An Effective Method for Molar Derotation
Authors: Kallury Amitabh , Dubey Jaina , Balani Rajesh Kumar , Bharti Chandni
Published: September 2020

Mesio-palatal rotation of maxillary 1st molars is commonly encountered in clinical practice and this results in a Class I molar relation becoming end on. Traditionally transpalatal arches (TPA) fabricated with 0.036” stainless steel wires have been used for correction of molar rotation in fixed orthodontic treatment. They are not very efficient in correcting the mesio-palatal rotations and require frequent activations. This article describes a modified Keles TPA as an easy, effective method for rapid and precise correction of unilateral or bilateral mesio-palatal molar rotations
Earlier the Better: Interceptive Orthodontics to Correct Various Forms of Malocclusion in a Nine-year-old Boy
Authors: Rai Amita , Koirala Bandana , Dali Mamta , Shrestha Sneha
Published: September 2020

Guidance of eruption and development of the primary, mixed, and permanent dentitions is an integral component of comprehensive oral healthcare for all pediatric dental patients; which should contribute to the development of a permanent dentition that is stable, and functionally and esthetically acceptable. In this case note, we present a case in which various forms of interceptive treatment modalities like; extraction of impacted and erupted supernumerary teeth, correction of anterior crossbite and irregularities using Z-springs and Hawley’s labial bow, and provision of lingual holding arch space maintainer were done to correct malocclusion in a nine-year-old patient. Arch alignment was achieved within seven month of starting of treatment, which was acceptable to the patient.
INFORMATION AND RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM IN RESTORATION
Authors: Gurbanova Nazakat Haji , Hajiyev Zaur Aziz
Published: September 2020

An information and recommendation system built for the object restoration center. The system consists of modules card index, recommendations, image editing.In all modules, information presented in the respective databases. The advisory part of the system offers examples of restoration processes for typical cases for the current subject.
MASSIVE PHOTON PAIRS AND FEATURES OF CHANGES IN THE X-RAY BACKGROUND OF THE SOLAR CROWN AND EARTH'S MAGNETOSPHERE
Authors: Mirzoeva I.K.
Published: September 2020

The analysis of the x-ray background of the solar corona in the range of 2-25 Kev for three months of 2003 was carried out.the integrated energy spectrum was obtained according to the RHESSI project. Comparison with the data of the x-ray background of The earth's magnetosphere according to the XMM-Newton project in the soft range of x-rays allowed us to draw a conclusion about the common nature of the features of seasonal variations of the x-ray background of The earth's magnetosphere and the thermal x-ray background of the solar corona. The main reason for these changes is the splitting of massive photon pairs born from vacuum in the magnetic field of the solar corona and in the magnetic field of the Earth. According to the RHESSI, XMM-Newton, and Plank projects, theoretical and experimental evidence for the existence of massive photon pairs (ultralight scalar bosons) is provided.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF A PLANE SUPERSONIC FLOW
Authors: Cybizov Yu.I.
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this work is to study the characteristics of the flow with supersonic speed when using the tangential and radial components of convective acceleration and associated elements of the characteristic grid as parameters. Using input parameters allows to expand understanding of the zone of influence of disturbances and the nature of the forces contributing to isentropic acceleration (deceleration) of flow and one-to-one mapping between the physical plane and the hodograph of the velocity. The obtained results are proposed to be used in solving applied problems and analyzing experimental studies.
Radiographic and clinical outcomes using intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging for transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas
Authors: Juthani Rupa G. , Reiner Anne S. , Patel Ankur R. , Cowan Aimee , Roguski Marie , Panageas Katherine S. , Geer Eliza B. , Karimi Sasan , Cohen Marc A. , Tabar Viviane
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE

The utility and safety of intraoperative MRI (iMRI) for resection of pituitary adenomas is not clearly established in the context of advances in endoscopic approaches. The goal in this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of iMRI for pituitary adenoma resection, with endoscopic transsphenoidal (ETS) versus microscopic transsphenoidal (MTS) approaches.

METHODS

Radiographic and clinical outcomes of all pituitary adenomas resected using iMRI between 2008 and 2017 at a single institution were retrospectively evaluated.

RESULTS

Of 212 tumors treated, 131 (62%) underwent further resection based on iMRI findings, resulting in a significant increase in gross-total resection on postoperative MRI compared with iMRI (p = 0.0001) in both ETS and MTS groups. iMRI increased rates of gross-total resection for cavernous sinus invasion Knosp grades 1 and 2, but not in Knosp ≥ 3 across treatment groups (p < 0.0001). The extent of resection on postoperative MRI was significantly correlated with increased progression-free survival (p < 0.0001). Initial hormone remission off medical therapy was achieved in 64%, with a significantly higher rate of remission in tumors resected via the ETS approach (81%) compared with the MTS approach (55%) (p = 0.02). The rate of persistent new hormone deficit was low at 8%, including a 2.8% rate of permanent diabetes insipidus, and 45% of patients had improvement in preoperative hormone deficit following surgery. Serious postoperative complications including CSF leaks requiring reoperation were rare at 1%, with no postoperative infections.

CONCLUSIONS

These results suggest that iMRI is a safe and effective method of increasing the extent of resection for pituitary adenomas while preserving hormone function. When paired with the endoscope, iMRI may offer the ability to tailor more aggressive removal of tumors while optimizing pituitary function, resulting in high rates of secretory hormone remission. Secretory tumors and adenomas with Knosp grade < 3 cavernous sinus invasion may benefit most from the use of iMRI.
Corticotroph hyperplasia and Cushing disease: diagnostic features and surgical management
Authors: Catalino Michael P. , Meredith David M. , De Girolami Umberto , Tavakol Sherwin , Min Le , Laws Edward R.
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE

This study was done to compare corticotroph hyperplasia and histopathologically proven adenomas in patients with Cushing disease by analyzing diagnostic features, surgical management, and clinical outcomes.

METHODS

Patients with suspected pituitary Cushing disease were included in a retrospective cohort study and were excluded if results of pathological analysis of the surgical specimen were nondiagnostic or normal. Cases were reviewed by two experienced neuropathologists. Total lesion removal was used as a dichotomized surgical variable; it was defined as an extracapsular resection (including a rim of normal gland) in patients with an adenoma, and for hyperplasia patients it was defined as removal of the presumed lesion plus a rim of surrounding normal gland. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Recurrence-free survival was compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

The final cohort consisted of 63 patients (15 with hyperplasia and 48 with adenoma). Normal pituitary acinar architecture was highly variable. Corticotroph hyperplasia was diagnosed based on the presence of expanded acini showing retained reticulin architecture and predominant staining for adrenocorticotropic hormone. Crooke’s hyaline change was seen in 46.7% of specimens, and its frequency was equal in nonlesional tissue of both groups. The two groups differed only by MRI findings (equivocal/diffuse lesion in 46% of hyperplasia and 17% of adenoma; p = 0.03). Diagnostic uncertainty in the hyperplasia group resulted in additional confirmatory testing by 24-hour urinary free cortisol. Total lesion removal was infrequent in patients with hyperplasia compared to those with adenoma (33% vs 65%; p = 0.03). Initial biochemical remission was similar (67% in hyperplasia and 85% in adenoma; p = 0.11). There was no difference in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis recovery or disease recurrence. The median follow-up was 1.9 years (IQR 0.7–7.6 years) for the hyperplasia group and 1.2 years (IQR 0.4–2.4 years) for the adenoma group. Lack of a discrete lesion and diagnostic uncertainty were the only significant predictors of hyperplasia (sensitivity 53.3%, specificity 97.7%, positive predictive value 88.9%, negative predictive value 85.7%). An adjusted Cox proportional hazards model showed similar recurrence-free survival in the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests an association between biochemically proven Cushing disease and histopathologically proven corticotroph hyperplasia. Imaging and operative findings can be ambiguous, and, compared to typical adenomas with a pseudocapsule, the surgical approach is more nuanced. Nevertheless, if treated appropriately, biochemical outcomes may be similar.
Predictors of the development of takotsubo cardiomyopathy in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and outcomes in patients with intra-aortic balloon pumps
Authors: Catapano Joshua S. , Ducruet Andrew F. , Frisoli Fabio A. , Nguyen Candice L. , Louie Christopher E. , Labib Mohamed A. , Baranoski Jacob F. , Cole Tyler S. , Whiting Alexander C. , Albuquerque Felipe C. , Lawton Michael T.
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have shown that female patients presenting with a poor clinical grade are at the greatest risk for developing TC. Intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABPs) are known to support cardiac function in severe cases of TC, and they may aid in the treatment of vasospasm in these patients. In this study, the authors investigated risk factors for developing TC in the setting of aSAH and outcomes among patients requiring IABPs.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 1096 patients who had presented to their institution with aSAH. Four hundred five of these patients were originally enrolled in the Barrow Ruptured Aneurysm Trial, and an additional 691 patients from a subsequent prospectively maintained aSAH database were analyzed. Medical records were reviewed for the presence of TC according to the modified Mayo Clinic criteria. Outcomes were determined at the last follow-up, with a poor outcome defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score > 2.

RESULTS

TC was identified in 26 patients with aSAH. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis identified female sex (OR 8.2, p = 0.005), Hunt and Hess grade > III (OR 7.6, p < 0.001), aneurysm size > 7 mm (OR 3, p = 0.011), and clinical vasospasm (OR 2.9, p = 0.037) as risk factors for developing TC in the setting of aSAH. TC patients, even with IABP placement, had higher rates of poor outcomes (77% vs 47% with an mRS score > 2, p = 0.004) and mortality at the last follow-up (27% vs 11%, p = 0.018) than the non-TC patients. However, aggressive intra-arterial endovascular treatment for vasospasm was associated with good outcomes in the TC patients versus nonaggressive treatment (100% with mRS ≤ 2 at last follow-up vs 53% with mRS > 2, p = 0.040).

CONCLUSIONS

TC after aSAH tends to occur in female patients with large aneurysms, poor clinical grades, and clinical vasospasm. These patients have significantly higher rates of poor neurological outcomes, even with the placement of an IABP. However, aggressive intra-arterial endovascular therapy in select patients with vasospasm may improve outcome.
Language Teachers and Crowdsourcing
Authors: Arhar Holdt Špela , Zanasi Lorenzo , Weber Tassja , Volodina Elena , Rodosthenous Christos , Ordulj Antonia , Miloshevska Lina , Lazić Konjik Ivana , Koeva Svetla , Kasperavičienė Ramunė , Hatipoglu Ciler , Fort Karën , Bago Petra , Durán-Muñoz Isabel , Gajek Elżbieta , Zviel-Girshin Rina
Published: September 2020

The paper presents a cross-European survey on teachers and crowdsourcing. The survey examines how familiar language teachers are with the concept of crowdsourcing and addresses their attitude towards including crowdsourcing into language teaching activities. The survey was administrated via an online questionnaire and collected volunteers’ data on: (a) teachers’ experience with organizing crowdsourcing activities for students/pupils, (b) the development of crowdsourced resources and materials as well as (c) teachers’ motivation for participating in or employing crowdsourcing activities. The questionnaire was disseminated in over 30 European countries. The final sample comprises 1129 language teachers aged 20 to 65, mostly working at institutions of tertiary education. The data indicates that many participants are not familiar with the concept of crowdsourcing resulting in a low rate of crowdsourcing activities in the classroom. However, a high percentage of responding teachers is potentially willing to crowdsource teaching materials for the language(s) they teach. They are particularly willing to collaborate with other teachers in the creation of interactive digital learning materials, and to select, edit, and share language examples for exercises or tests. Since the inclusion of crowdsourcing activities in language teaching is still in its initial stage, steps for further research are highlighted.
Vitae Patrum u egzemplima glagoljskih knjiga Disipula iz 16. stoljeća
Authors: Radošević Andrea
Published: September 2020

U radu se analiziraju tekstovi iz Vitae Patrum koji se u
obliku egzempla pojavljuju u glagoljskim Disipulima iz 16. st. Istražuje se na
koji su način anegdote monaške tematike prilagođene dominikanskoj duhovnosti
unutar koje je nastala latinska zbirka propovijedi Sermones Discipuli. Također
se uspoređuje odnos prema monaškim motivima u četirima prijepisima Disipula. S
obzirom na to da su u dosadašnjim medievističkim studijama objavljeni uglavnom
izvori predložaka egzempla iz Heroltova Egzemplara, istraživanju glagoljskih
Disipula prethodilo je utvrđivanje predložaka četiriju latinskih egzempla koji
se pojavljuju u dvama Heroltovim propovjednim ciklusima: sermones de tempore i
sermones de sanctis. Otkriveno je kako je riječ o trima egzemplima nastalim
prema anegdotama iz Verba seniorum te jednoj anegdoti Ivana Egipatskoga koja je
zapisana u tekstovima Historia Lausiaca i Historia monachorum. Iz Heroltova
Egzemplara u Disipule je dospjela jedna anegdota iz Verba seniorum, čija tri
izvora u svojoj raspravi detaljno navodi Hermand (1995). U radu se opisuju književnopovijesne, stilske i jezične
značajke glagoljskih egzempla. Naime, upravo se proučavanjem zbirkā
propovijedi, koje najčešće sadržavaju više kompiliranih monaških anegdota, može
rasvijetliti hrvatski srednjovjekovni korpus Vitae Patrum. Cilj je istraživanja
upotpuniti sliku recepcije Vitae Patrum u hrvatskoj srednjovjekovnoj književnosti
te pridonijeti poznavanju uporabe jezika u kratkim narativnim tekstovima 16. st.
Na kraju rada prvi se put objavljuje transliteracija svih pet egzempla. Svaki
egzempl donosi se u nekoliko prijepisa (ne u svima), pri čemu su obuhvaćena sva
četiri rukopisa Disipula.
Nerestriktivna relativna rečenica kao parentetik
Authors: Resić Elmira
Published: September 2020

U ovome ćemo radu nastojati opisati umetnute nerestriktivne
relativne rečenice kao tipične parentetičke strukture. Opis će podrazumijevati
njihovu sintaksičku i semantičku interpretaciju, ali i naznake o njihovoj
pragmatičkoj ulozi i zasnivat će se na analizi primjera pronađenih u korpusu
tekstova koji pripadaju različitim stilovima bosanskoga jezika. Rad je podijeljen
u tri dijela. U prvom ćemo dijelu definirati parentetike i dati pregled
dosadašnjih pristupa u analiziranju te pojave. U drugome dijelu rada fokusirat
ćemo se na definiranje i analizu umetnutih nerestriktivnih relativnih rečenica,
a u trećem će se dijelu izdvojiti najznačajnija zapažanja.
Jezikoslovno nazivlje u gramatikama M. A. Relkovića i G. Vinjalića
Authors: Horvat Marijana , Kramarić Martina
Published: September 2020

U članku se analizira jezikoslovno nazivlje u dvjema
gramatikama iz 18. st., Relkovićevoj Novoj slavonskoj, i nimačkoj gramatici
(11767.) i Vinjalićevoj rukopisnoj gramatici Principi della grammatica [...]
Grammatica prima in lingua slava, italiana et latina. Relkovićeva je gramatika prva vrlo opsežna gramatika
hrvatskoga jezika pisana hrvatskim jezikom, i to kontrastivno, u suodnosu prema
njemačkome jeziku. Rukopisna Vinjalićeva gramatika pisana je trojezično, a
donedavno uglavnom nije bila predmetom interesa jezikoslovne javnosti.
Kako svaki naziv u promatranim gramatikama nema uvijek svoju
hrvatsku inačicu, nužno je bilo u istraživanju osvrnuti se i na latinsko
nazivlje jer su promatrane gramatike pisane prema latinskomu modelu. Budući da
su u postojećim potvrdama hrvatskoga nazivlja uočene sličnosti s prethodnicima
(npr. s nazivljem u J. Mikalje, L. Šitovića, T. Babića, B. Tadijanovića),
primjeri su stavljeni u kontekst izgradnje hrvatskoga jezikoslovnog nazivlja. Stoga
se ovim radom nastoji pokazati koliko su se u izgradnji hrvatskih naziva
dvojica promatranih gramatičara rukovodila uporabnom normom i već ovjerenim
modelima u tvorbi novih naziva te koliko se njihovim novotvorbama koriste
kasniji gramatičari.