bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A MITIGAÇÃO DO PRINCÍPIO DA CONCENTRAÇÃO PELO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL: UM PREJUÍZO À SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Andrighi Fatima Nancy , Sobrinho Manoel Aristides , Antunes de Souza Maria Cláudia da Silva
Published: December 2022

Contextualização do tema: O artigo científico assume a premissa da relação direta do registro de imóveis com o direito ambiental, com especial atenção aos princípios que orientam os atos registrais da área ambiental, especificamente os princípios da publicidade, da segurança jurídica e da concentração. Ao explicitar que as averbações ambientais no registro de imóveis são potentes instrumentos de proteção ambiental, discute-se a respeito da facultatividade da averbação no cartório de registro de imóveis da reserva legal quando tal registro se dá no cadastro ambiental rural, conforme disposto na Lei n. 12.651/2012, referente ao novo código florestal.

Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar como o registro de imóveis brasileiro poderá contribuir para a proteção ambiental no Brasil.

Metodologia: Quanto à metodologia, empregou-se o método dedutivo, em que se partiu de revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa jurisprudencial da área em questão para a formulação da proposta apresentada.

Resultados: O resultado da pesquisa sinaliza que a legislação afronta o art. 225 da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil, contrariando o princípio registral da concentração, e propondo a ampliação do trabalho dos registradores, dada sua capilaridade, o que permitiria maior efetividade na proteção ao meio ambiente, propiciando que as operações de compra e venda e demais alienações de bens imóveis, especialmente os rurais, contenham em seu fólio imobiliário todas as informações que conduzam à proteção ambiental.
A ECONOMIA COMPARTILHADA E A UBERIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO: UTOPIAS DO NOSSO TEMPO?
Authors: Caldas Josiane , Carleial Liana Maria da Frota
Published: December 2022

Contextualização: As mudanças ocorridas no mundo trabalho, agravadas após a crise financeira de 2008, demonstram que o capitalismo cada vez mais reforça suas contradições e, no intento de superar suas crises, reorganiza-se, sob o aspecto da financeirização do capital, fazendo uso de ferramentas como a tecnologia digital e a internet, para aprofundar a precarização nas relações de trabalho.
Objetivos: Diante das transformações tecnológicas em curso, este estudo tem por objetivo investigar em que medida alternativas, como a economia compartilhada, podem ser vistas como uma utopia transformadora no sentido de dar aos trabalhadores uma condição de vida e trabalho dignos. Busca-se algumas concepções de utopia, com o fim de refletir acerca do papel da Economia Compartilhada, analisando como esta poderá influenciar nas relações de trabalho. Investiga-se um dos casos mais conhecidos, o da empresa Uber, pois esse modelo tem potencial de se replicar rapidamente para todo o mercado de novos serviços.
Metodologia: A metodologia utilizada foi de caráter qualitativo, com o aprofundamento da compreensão de um grupo social, os motoristas de apps e de uma organização, a empresa Uber, bem como a pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter exploratório.
Resultados: O artigo mostra que está ocorrendo uma apropriação da essência da economia compartilhada, camuflando uma relação trabalhista, afetando cada vez mais o trabalhador. O crescente número de pessoas sem emprego ou subempregados e o forte aumento da informalidade contribuem sobremaneira para a manutenção e expansão do fenômeno da uberização, pois sem colocação no mercado de trabalho, os trabalhadores se submetem a condições cada vez mais precárias de renda e de trabalho.
Reproductive Health Knowledge and Services Utilization among Rural Adolescents in Rwamagana District, Rwanda
Authors: Rutayisire Erigene , Mochama Monica , Mukandagano Patricie
Published: December 2022

This study aims to assess reproductive health knowledge and services utilization among adolescents from Rwamagana District. A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in Rwamagana district. A sample of 392 adolescent aged 15-19 participated in the study. Simple random sampling was used to select respondents. Data was collected by using a questionnaire adopted from previous studies. Data was checked for completeness, cleaned, coded and entered into excel sheet, and then exported to SPSS version 22.0 for further analysis. Frequencies and percentage was used to summarize descriptive statistics. To determine the association between different factors associated with reproductive health knowledge and services utilization, a logistic regression model was employed. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethical committee of Mount Kenya University. It was observed that the majority of adolescents in Rwamagana District knew the sign of maturity. Overall the majority of adolescents 91.8% in Rwamagana District had good knowledge about reproductive health services. The majority of adolescents in Rwamagana District (66.8%) had ever utilized reproductive health services at health facility. It was observed that adolescents who live with their parents were more likely to use reproductive health services compared to those who do not live with parents (aOR=2.161, 95%CI: 1.162-4.021, p=0.015). Moderate reproductive health services utilization was observed among adolescents. There is a need to increase adolescent’s awareness on the available services at health facilities.
“Design and development of magnetic field harvester to power wireless sensors in smart Grid”
Authors: H Pavana , Deshpande Rohini
Published: December 2022

Real time monitoring of high voltage devices in smart grid is implemented using wireless sensors. They ensure reliable power transfer and avoid cascading power failures. Powering these sensors remotely is a challenge. This paper presents a novel method of powering sensors remotely using magnetic field harvester. A dumbbell shaped magnetic core is designed and optimized to harvest magnetic field near high voltage bus bars/transformers in electrical substation. The harvested power is rectified and boosted. Impedance matching circuit is designed to obtain maximum power transfer to the wireless sensor. The energy thus harvested is used to power wireless sensors and make them self sustainable. The experimental results show that the proposed core with 40,000 turns can harvest 17.6 mW of output power when placed in magnetic flux density of 9 µTrms.
Safety risk sources of autonomous mobile machines
Authors: Malm Timo , Tiusanen Risto , Heikkilä Eetu , Sarsama Janne
Published: December 2022

Autonomous mobile machines are applied increasingly often in outdoor applications, but only in places, where logistic problems and safety issues are resolvable. Solving safety issues require good hazard identification and risk estimation. The aim of this study is to show which new risks emerge in autonomous mobile machines compared to manual machines. There are new risks, which are valid only in autonomous mobile machines (e.g., related to sensors for situational awareness), and risks, which exist in both machine types, but human presence can make the difference in resolving the situation. Humans can take sophisticated protective measures during an unexpected hazardous situation. Another aim of this work is to give information to designers and assessors to consider risks of their own design. Autonomous mobile machines are complex, and their performance is not always easily predictable. A checklist of risks would help an assessor, but currently, it may be difficult to find a checklist for a specific autonomous mobile machine. The main result of this study is a checklist of new risk sources or hazards of autonomous mobile machines.
Quantitative Fluorescence Analysis Reveals Dendrite-Specific Thalamocortical Plasticity in L5 Pyramidal Neurons during Learning
Authors: Ray Ajit , Christian Joseph A. , Mosso Matthew B. , Park Eunsol , Wegner Waja , Willig Katrin I. , Barth Alison L.
Published: December 2022

High-throughput anatomic data can stimulate and constrain new hypotheses about how neural circuits change in response to experience. Here, we use fluorescence-based reagents for presynaptic and postsynaptic labeling to monitor changes in thalamocortical synapses onto different compartments of layer 5 (L5) pyramidal (Pyr) neurons in somatosensory (barrel) cortex from mixed-sex mice during whisker-dependent learning (Audette et al., 2019). Using axonal fills and molecular-genetic tags for synapse identification in fixed tissue from Rbp4-Cre transgenic mice, we found that thalamocortical synapses from the higher-order posterior medial thalamic nucleus showed rapid morphologic changes in both presynaptic and postsynaptic structures at the earliest stages of sensory association training. Detected increases in thalamocortical synaptic size were compartment specific, occurring selectively in the proximal dendrites onto L5 Pyr and not at inputs onto their apical tufts in L1. Both axonal and dendritic changes were transient, normalizing back to baseline as animals became expert in the task. Anatomical measurements were corroborated by electrophysiological recordings at different stages of training. Thus, fluorescence-based analysis of input- and target-specific synapses can reveal compartment-specific changes in synapse properties during learning.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSynaptic changes underlie the cellular basis of learning, experience, and neurologic diseases. Neuroanatomical methods to assess synaptic plasticity can provide critical spatial information necessary for building models of neuronal computations during learning and experience but are technically and fiscally intensive. Here, we describe a confocal fluorescence microscopy–based analytical method to assess input, cell type, and dendritic location-specific synaptic plasticity in a sensory learning assay. Our method not only confirms prior electrophysiological measurements but allows us to predict functional strength of synapses in a pathway-specific manner. Our findings also indicate that changes in primary sensory cortices are transient, occurring during early learning. Fluorescence-based synapse identification can be an efficient and easily adopted approach to study synaptic changes in a variety of experimental paradigms.
ST3GAL5‐catalyzed gangliosides inhibit TGF‐β‐induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transition via TβRI degradation
Authors: Zhang Jing , van der Zon Gerard , Ma Jin , Mei Hailiang , Cabukusta Birol , Agaser Cedrick C , Madunić Katarina , Wuhrer Manfred , Zhang Tao , ten Dijke Peter
Published: December 2022

Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is pivotal in the initiation and development of cancer cell metastasis. We observed that the abundance of glycosphingolipids (GSLs), especially ganglioside subtypes, decreased significantly during TGF‐β‐induced EMT in NMuMG mouse mammary epithelial cells and A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Transcriptional profiling showed that TGF‐β/SMAD response genes and EMT signatures were strongly enriched in NMuMG cells, along with depletion of UDP‐glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase (UGCG), the enzyme that catalyzes the initial step in GSL biosynthesis. Consistent with this finding, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of UGCG promoted TGF‐β signaling and TGF‐β‐induced EMT. UGCG inhibition promoted A549 cell migration, extravasation in the zebrafish xenograft model, and metastasis in mice. Mechanistically, GSLs inhibited TGF‐β signaling by promoting lipid raft localization of the TGF‐β type I receptor (TβRI) and by increasing TβRI ubiquitination and degradation. Importantly, we identified ST3GAL5‐synthesized a‐series gangliosides as the main GSL subtype involved in inhibition of TGF‐β signaling and TGF‐β‐induced EMT in A549 cells. Notably, ST3GAL5 is weakly expressed in lung cancer tissues compared to adjacent nonmalignant tissues, and its expression correlates with good prognosis.
p38 MAPK‐dependent phosphorylation of TFEB promotes monocyte‐to‐macrophage differentiation
Authors: Martina José A , Jeong Eutteum , Puertollano Rosa
Published: December 2022

The transcription factor EB (TFEB) regulates energy homeostasis and cellular response to a wide variety of stress conditions, including nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, organelle damage, and pathogens. Here we identify S401 as a novel phosphorylation site within the TFEB proline‐rich domain. Phosphorylation of S401 increases significantly in response to oxidative stress, UVC light, growth factors, and LPS, whereas this increase is prevented by p38 MAPK inhibition or depletion, revealing a new role for p38 MAPK in TFEB regulation. Mutation of S401 in THP1 cells demonstrates that the p38 MAPK/TFEB pathway plays a particularly relevant role during monocyte differentiation into macrophages. TFEB‐S401A monocytes fail to upregulate the expression of multiple immune genes in response to PMA‐induced differentiation, including critical cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Polarization of M0 macrophages into M1 inflammatory macrophages is also aberrant in TFEB‐S401A cells. These results indicate that TFEB‐S401 phosphorylation links differentiation signals to the transcriptional control of monocyte differentiation.
Growth hormone deficiency in adult survivors of childhood brain tumors treated with radiation
Authors: Marie Baunsgaard Mette , Sophie Lind Helligsoe Anne , Tram Henriksen Louise , Stamm Mikkelsen Torben , Callesen Michael , Weber Britta , Hasle Henrik , Birkebæk Niels
Published: December 2022

Objective

Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is the most common endocrine late effect in irradiated survivors of childhood brain tumors. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of GHD in adults treated with proton or photon irradiation for a brain tumor in childhood and to detect undiagnosed GHD.

Design

This study is a cross-sectional study.

Methods

We investigated GHD in 5-year survivors from two health regions in Denmark treated for childhood brain tumors with cranial or craniospinal irradiation in the period 1997–2015. Medical charts were reviewed for endocrinological and other health data. Survivors without a growth hormone (GH) test at final height were invited to a GH stimulation test.

Results

Totally 41 (22 females) survivors with a median age of 21.7 years (range: 15.1–33.8 years) at follow-up and 14.8 years (range: 5.1–23.4 years) since diagnosis were included; 11 were treated with proton and 30 with photon irradiation; 18 of 21 survivors were previously found to have GHD; 16 of 20 survivors with no GH test at final height were tested, 8 (50 %) had GHD. In total, 26 of 41 patients (63%) had GHD. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is associated poorly with the insulin tolerance test (ITT).

Conclusion

This study identified a high prevalence of undiagnosed GHD in survivors with no GH test at final height. The results stress the importance of screening for GHD at final height in survivors of childhood brain tumors with prior exposure to cranial irradiation, irrespective of radiation modality and IGF-1.

Significance statement

This cross-sectional study reports a prevalence of 63% of GHD in irradiated childhood brain tumor survivors. Furthermore, the study identified a considerable number of long-term survivors without a GH test at final height, of whom, 50% subsequently were shown to have undiagnosed GHD. Additionally, this study confirmed that a normal serum IGF-1 measurement cannot exclude the diagnosis of GHD in irradiated survivors. This illustrates the need for improvements in the diagnostic approach to GHD after reaching final height in childhood brain tumor survivors at risk of GHD. In summary, our study stresses the need for GHD testing in all adult survivors treated with cranial irradiation for a brain tumor in childhood irrespective of radiation modality.
Distortion in laminated veneer products exposed to relative-humidity variations – Experimental studies and finite-element modelling
Authors: Blomqvist Lars , Berg Sven , Sandberg Dick
Published: December 2022

A shortcoming of the laminated bending process is that the product may become distorted after moulding. This study focused on the influence of fibre orientation deviation for individual veneers on the distortion of a moulded shell. The distortion of 90 cross-laminated shells of the same geometrical shape, consisting of seven peeled birch veneers, were studied under relative humidity variation. All the veneers were straight-grained in the longitudinal-tangential plane, but to simulate a deviation in fibre orientation, some of the individual veneers were oriented at an angle of 7° relative to the main orientation of the other veneers in the laminate. A finite element model (FEM) was applied to study the possibility of predicting the results of a practical experiment. The study confirms the well-known fact that deviation in fibre orientation influences shape stability. The results also show how the placement of the abnormal veneer influences the degree of distortion. From this basic knowledge, some improvements in the industrial production were suggested. However, the FE model significantly underestimated the results, according to the empirical experiment, and it did not show full coherence. The survey shows the complexity of modelling the behaviour of laminated veneer products under changing climate conditions and that there is a great need to improve the material and process data to achieve accurate simulations. Examples of such parameters that may lead to distortion are density, annual ring orientation in the cross section of the veneer, the orientation of the loose and tight sides of the veneer, and parameters related to the design of the moulding tool.
Characterization of high-strength concrete under monotonic and fatigue mode II loading with actively controlled level of lateral compression
Authors: Becks Henrik , Aguilar Mario , Chudoba Rostislav , Classen Martin
Published: December 2022

The fatigue behavior of plain concrete has been studied for decades, usually under compressive or tensile loading. Shear loading (mode II) has been almost completely neglected in the past. In contrast to cylindrical compression tests, this type of loading offers the advantage of precise load determination and a small, well-defined fracture surface. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental campaign of 66 shear tests, which was conducted to systematically investigate the monotonic, cyclic, and fatigue response of high-strength concrete under mode II loading. Since the material behavior under shear stress is strongly dependent on the concurrent lateral compressive stress, a new test setup was developed which allows simultaneous control of compressive and shear loading. One potential utilization for these shear fatigue tests is the validation of a promising hypothesis that suggests that the development of fatigue damage in concrete at subcritical load levels is governed by a cumulative measure of shear sliding. The qualitative influence of the lateral compressive loading on the displacement and damage development, fracture behavior, and fatigue life is analyzed and discussed. The test results indicate that there is no influence of the lateral compressive load level on the shear fatigue life, as long as the increase in shear strength is considered. Furthermore, concrete under mode II loading seems to have a longer fatigue life than concrete in standard cylindrical specimens under compressive loading.
Two New Records for the Fish Fauna of Simenlik-Akgöl Lagoon in Yeşilırmak River Basin (Samsun-Turkey)
Authors: ÖZPİÇAK Melek , SAYGIN Semra , YILMAZ Savaş , POLAT Nazmi
Published: December 2022

In this study, two new freshwater fish species, Gambusia holbrooki Girard, 1859 and Petroleuciscus borysthenicus (Kessler, 1859) were reported from Simenlik-Akgöl Lagoon in Yeşilırmak Basin (Samsun). Turkey has a rich biodiversity in terms of freshwater fish. Because of climate change, periodic ichthyofauna monitoring and updating of fish fauna are critical. Gambusia holbrooki, Eastern mosquitofish, is an invasive fish species and has a widespread range because of biological struggle against mosquitoes in many water sources. However, simultaneously feeding with fish eggs presents a significant threat to biodiversity. And also, Petroleuciscus borysthenicus, Dnieper chub, is a small bodied-fish from the genus Petroleuciscus with a wide range. Dnieper chub and Eastern mosquitofish were assessed as Least Concern (LC) species according to the IUCN criteria. The minimum and maximum total lengths of P. borysthenicus and G. holbrooki are 4.5 cm-5.7 cm and 2.5 cm-5.3 cm, respectively. The results of this study reveal that the existence of new fish species has been recorded for the fish fauna of Simenlik-Akgöl Lagoon, and the distribution area of both these fish species have reached a different location in Yeşilırmak Basin.
First Conjunct Clitic Doubling, the Person Case Constraint, and First Conjunct Agreement: Insights from Modern Greek
Authors: Paparounas Lefteris , Salzmann Martin
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we discuss the implications of the phenomenon of first conjunct clitic doubling (FC CLD), based on data from Modern Greek. We first recap the arguments in Paparounas & Salzmann (to appear), where it is argued that FC CLD provides evidence for Agree-based approaches to clitic doubling (CLD) and against approaches involving movement, which would incorrectly rule out FC CLD as a violation of the Coordinate Structure Constraint. Extending this line of inquiry, we explore the implications of FC CLD for theories of the Person Case Constraint (PCC) and theories of first conjunct agreement (FCA). We firstly show that most theories of the PCC face serious challenges when confronted with our data. These theories i) involve movement in the generation of the clitic/the implementation of the PCC, thus being wholly incompatible with FC CLD; ii) assume Agree operations that provide insufficient φ-features to actually generate the clitics on the PCC probe; or iii) place this probe too low in the structure for languages like Greek, where clitics surface high. Secondly, we extend our consideration of the PCC to the domain of FCA, showing that PCC effects in coordination provide evidence for rule ordering and labeling-based theories of FCA when relativized probing is involved.
es-Seyrü ve’s-sülûk ilâ meliki’l-mülûk İsimli Eser Bağlamında Nefsin Mertebeleri
Authors: ÖZÇELİK Mevlüt
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma, 17. Yüzyıl Osmanlı mutasavvıflarından Kâsım b. Salâhuddîn el-Hânî’nin (ö. 1109/1697) es-Seyrü ve’s-sülûk ilâ meliki’l-mülûk isimli eseri çerçevesinde nefsin mertebelerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmaya konu olan eserin dikkat çeken yönü, uzun yıllar tüccarlık yaptıktan sonra tasavvufa meylederek yedi yıl uzlete çekilen ardından iki yıla yakın kısa bir tahsil hayatından sonra hem müderrislik hem de şeyhlik makamına geçecek derecede kendini yetiştirmiş olan bir alimin kaleminden çıkmış olmasıdır. Eser, tasavvufun en temel meselelerinden biri olan “nefs” konusunu Halvetiyye tarikatında “atvâr-ı seb‘a” diye tabir edilen ve emmâre, levvâme, mülheme, mut’mainne, râzıye, marziyye ve kâmile olarak sayılan yedi makam esasına göre incelemektedir. Müellife göre nefs, bu makamlardan her birinde sonraki makama karşı on perdeyle perdelidir ve bu perdelerden her biri, sonrakine göre daha yoğun haldedir. Bu nedenle nefsin Allah Teâlâ'ya en uzak olduğu makam, O’nunla kendi arasındaki perdelerin en yoğun olduğu “emmâre” makamıdır. Bu makamları başarıyla aşarak vuslat-ı ilahîye nâil olmak ancak bir şeyhin gözetiminde seyrüsülûk yapmaya bağlıdır. Aksi takdirde vuslata erişmek mümkün olmadığı gibi bazen sâlikin yanlış itikatlara saplanarak yoldan çıkması bile söz konusu olabilir. Bu itibarla sâlik, seyrüsülûkünü tamamlayıncaya kadar özellikle de kendisine birtakım ilhamların gelmeye başladığı “mülheme” makamında, başına buyruk hareket etmekten kaçınıp şeyhin gözetimi altında şeriatın ahkâmına sımsıkı sarılmalı ve tarikatın âdâbı çerçevesinde yaşamaya devam etmelidir. Bu hassasiyet üzere seyrüsülûke devam eden sâlik, kurbiyet-i ilâhîye erişecek, Allah Teâlâ'nın yeryüzündeki halifesi olmaya ve nihayet insanları Allah’ın yoluna irşad etmeye layık bir mürşid haline gelecektir. Tasavvufa sülûk etmekten maksat, işte bu gayenin gerçekleşmesini sağlamaktır.
A retrospective comparative study of complications after total knee replacement in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients
Authors: Nansook A , Ryans P
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) rates have significantly increased over the past few decades; consequently, so too have the absolute number of complications. International literature expounds on complications in the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) subgroups from the developed context, but these findings cannot be generalised to the developing world, where access to medication, medical facilities and patient characteristics may differ. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative rates and nature of complications that occur post total knee arthroplasty in RA and OA patients at a single South African quaternary hospital. METHODS: This was a retrospective comparative study of complication rates in two groups following TKA at Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital (IALCH) arthroplasty unit, between 1 January 2014 and 29 February 2020. The data was collected retrospectively, utilising the digitised patient management system at the hospital. Data extraction included patient demographics, time to surgery, indication for surgery and early complication rates. Descriptive analysis was performed to quantify complications, comparing the two groups. RESULTS: The chart review yielded 332 cases, comprising 41 RA and 291 OA patients. The mean age of the combined participant group was 65 years (standard deviation [SD] 8). Most cases were female (87%, 289 of 332), with males comprising 13% (43 of 332). Concomitant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was present in 6% of patients (20 of 332), and 24% (80 of 332) had diabetes mellitus (DM). The absolute number of complications was greater in the OA group, where revision surgery was performed in 3% (8 of 291) of cases, infection occurred in 1% (3 of 291), mechanical complications in 3% (10 of 291), and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in 1% (2 of 291) of cases. There was one complication, a DVT, in the RA group (2%, 1 of 41). CONCLUSION: In the current study, complications after TKA occurred predominantly in the OA group, 8% (23 of 291) as compared to the RA group, 2% (1 of 41). Complications included DVT, revision surgery, infection and mechanical complications. The study was underpowered to detect significant differences between the groups. Further large-scale investigation will be required to determine if differences in complication rate are significant when low complication incidence is anticipated. Level of evidence: Level 4.
Why is it necessary to declare the Strait of Gibraltar an environmental control area?
Authors: Vanessa Durán-Grados
Published: December 2022

Air pollution remains one of the most sensitive and harmful environmental concerns. According to a recent report 1 published by the World Health Organisation (WHO) [1] and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), in 2012, ambient air pollution was still responsible for about 500 000 premature deaths in Europe.
Complication After Bichectomy Surgery
Authors: Hesami Nima , Barouj Mehrdad Dehghanpour , Behnia Parsa , Tabrizi Reza
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The partial buccal lipectomy is presented as a technique to sculpt facial angles and enhance aesthetics. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of complications following bichectomy. Materials and Methods: Subjects with chubby faces indicated for the correction of facial shape by bilateral bichectomy were studied. Buccal fat pad excision was performed via intraoral upper gingivobuccal sulcus incision opposite the first and second molar teeth, preserving a cuff of mucosa for closure. All subjects were followed up for six months after surgery. The prevalence of complications after the surgery was assessed. Result: One hundred subjects underwent bilateral bichectomy. The age range of subjects was from 25 to 60 years old. Forty subjects were male, and 60 subjects were female. Among 100 bilateral buccal fat pad excision cases, seven patients complained of trismus; two patients had a hematoma. The post-operation infection rate was 2%. Conclusion: According to the study’s findings, the possible complications resulting from the bichectomy consist of trismus, edema, hematoma, and infection. It seems that bichectomy is a safe procedure, and trismus is the most complication after bichectomy.
Oral Manifestation of Autoimmune Connective Tissue Disease in a 5 Year Old Patient: A Case report
Authors: Gangwar Anshul , Chandak Ankita
Published: December 2022

One of the leading causes of morbidity among children includes Connective Tissue Disorders (CTD). Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of any CTD would help identify the associated disorders and is beneficial in preventing severe complications at a later age. Non-specific clinical presentations have made it challenging for both medical and dental practitioners in diagnosing and treating CTDs. Oral manifestations of systemic diseases help in the early diagnosis of certain diseases. Hence it is extremely important for dentists to carefully observe the patient complaints and define the diagnosis. The present case report identifies a CTD condition in a 5-year-old patient, with Hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy type IV (HSAN -IV).
DNA Damage and Repair in different Tissues of Fresh Water Fish, Channa punctata after Acute and Subchronic Exposure to bisphenol A
Authors: Sharma Prince , Sharma Khushboo , Chadha Pooja
Published: December 2022

The present study was conducted to investigate the genotoxic effect of Bis-Phenol A (BPA) after acute and subchronic exposure in different tissues of Channa punctata. The recovery in DNA damage was also ascertained after 30 days of cessation of exposure. Fish were exposed to different sublethal concentrations of BPA along with two controls i.e., with positive (acetone) and negative (water) controls for 96h (acute exposure) and 60 days (subchronic exposure) and after that fish were allowed to recover for 30 days in freshwater. The blood, liver, and gill tissue samples were collected at 24, 48, 72 and 96h for acute exposure and after 20, 40, and 60 days post-exposure for subchronic exposure. Exposed groups showed significantly higher DNA damage in both acute and subchronic exposure as compared to control groups. In the case of acute exposure, the highest damage was observed at 24 h of exposure followed by a decline in the value of all the parameters, while in the later hours of exposure these values further increased. On the other hand, in the case of sub-chronic exposure, the highest damage was observed after 60 days of exposure. Recovery experiment showed a decrease in the values of all the parameters studied. The result of the study clearly showed that BPA caused DNA damage in Channa punctata after acute as well as subchronic exposure.
Reduced DNA Glycosylases Expression and Oxidative DNA Damage Induced by Lead
Authors: Hemmaphan Sirirak , Bordeerat Narisa K
Published: December 2022

Exposure to lead (Pb) continues to be a significant worldwide problem. Pb is a highly toxic heavy metal affecting several organ systems in the body. There has been reported to have potential genotoxic properties to various cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of lead-induced toxicity are still unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the lead-induced cytotoxicity in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells and its underlying DNA damage mechanisms. Lead exposure caused DNA damage as demonstrated by increased 8-OHdG/dG ratio in cells even at a relatively normal dose (10μg/dL). Lead also led to producing oxidative stress as characterized by increased intensity of the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) indicator. ROS overproduction should be the reason for lead-induced DNA damage. Therefore, the effects of Lead on ROS elimination should be the main reason for lead-induced oxidative stress in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. After lead acetate (PbAc) treatment, the cell viability significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner, and the accumulation of cellular ROS was observed. 8-OHdG levels, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, were significantly increased by both acute and chronic Pb exposure. Interestingly, the mRNA expression of the 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) significantly decreased after acute and chronic exposure. In conclusion, our study provides the first evidence to demonstrate that acute and chronic Pb exposure results in the altered expression of DNA glycosylases genes indicating the impairment of DNA repair pathways and contributing to DNA damage. These findings should be useful for the more comprehensive assessment of the toxic effects of Pb.
Hepatotoxicity of Short Term Exposure to Mancozeb Fungicide in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Aprioku Jonah Sydney , Asa Yabari Richard
Published: December 2022

Mancozeb is a dithiocarbamate fungicide used effectively to protect plant products against fungi. The hepatic effects of short term exposure to mancozeb in adult male Wistar rats were investigated in the present study. Twenty-four animals were divided into four equal groups. Two groups were administered mancozeb (60 mg/kg body weight as single dose or 30 mg/kg body weight daily for 10 days, intraperitoneally), and the others, which served as control groups, received normal saline. Liver biochemical parameters in plasma were measured using standard methods. Liver homogenates were analysed for oxidative stress biomarkers and liver histopathology was studied. Single dose and 10 days exposures of mancozeb caused elevation in the activities of Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), and Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT) in plasma (p<0.05-0.001) compared with control. Mancozeb also caused elevation in the plasma level of total bilirubin, and reductions in albumin, total protein, and conjugated bilirubin. In addition, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Advanced Oxidation Protein Product (AOPP) levels were increased in hepatic tissues (p<0.001) of all mancozeb exposed rats. Furthermore, hepatic levels of protein, reduced Glutathione (GSH) and vitamin C were decreased (p<0.01), together with the activities of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), catalase, and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) enzymes (p<0.01-0.001). Histological analysis showed severe histopathological changes in mancozeb exposed rats. The results demonstrated that single dose intraperitoneal exposure of mancozeb (60 mg/kg body weight) or short term (10 days) daily exposure at 30 mg/kg body weight is capable of causing hepatotoxic effects in rats.
Nanocurcumin Restores Arsenic-Induced Disturbances in Neuropharmacological Activities in Wistar Rats
Authors: Nithyashree N. , Prakash N , Waghe Prashantkumar , Santhosh C. R. , Pavithra B. H. , Rajashekaraiah Rashmi , Sathyanarayana M. L. , Sunilchandra U. , Anjan Kumar K. R. , Manjunatha S. S. , Muralidhar Y. , Shivaprasad G. R.
Published: December 2022

The present study was carried out to examine the ameliorative potential of nanocurcumin against arsenic induced (sub-chronic) alterations in central nervous system in male Wistar rats. Nanocurcumin was synthesised and the hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential and particle size were~76.60 nm, (-) 30 mV and 95nm, respectively. Experimental rats sub-chronically exposed to sodium (meta) arsenite (As; 10 mg.kg-1; 70 days; p.o) induced significant (p<0.05) reduction in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione and favoured free radical generation and induced lipid peroxidation in brain tissue. The exposure resulted in significant (p<0.05) decrease in voluntary- and involuntary motor activities and enhanced anxiety levels. However, experimental rats receiving nanocurcumin (15 mg.kg-1; p.o) showed significant (p<0.05) recovery in enzymatic - and non-enzymatic antioxidant defence system and restoration of redox balance and overcome arsenic induced depression in motor activities and elevated anxiety levels. Further, Arsenic induced elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2 activity and prostaglandin-E2 in brain and angiotensin-II levels (plasma) was significantly (p<0.05) ameliorated by nanocurcumin. Additionally, quantitative real -time polymerase chain reaction revealed a fivefold decrease in Nox2 expression in brain following nanocurcumin administration. Thus, the study concludes that nanocurcumin can serve as a potential therapeutic candidate to counter arsenic induced redox imbalance and neuropharmacological disturbances and there exists a vast scope to exploit its utility after appropriate clinical modelling.
Perceived Workplace Bullying and Mental Health Status among Medical Residents in Iran
Authors: Torabi Nasim , Shakiba Behnam , Vaseghi Hamed , Maghsoudi Robab , Alimoradzadeh Raheleh , Irani Shirin , Dini Parisa
Published: December 2022

Background: The prevalence of negative act behaviors among medical residents has not yet been assessed in our country. Present study aimed at evaluating the prevalence and impact of negative act behaviors among residents of four academic hospitals in Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on medical residents in two educational hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences. An online electronic questionnaire was distributed to all clinical residents in these hospitals via WhatsApp. We used an online electronic four-part questionnaire including demographic data, Negative Act Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R), some questions on negative behaviors causes and effects, and General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12).
Results: In total, 254 completed questionnaires were received, with an overall response rate of 71%. Ninety five percent of participants had experienced negative act behaviors once or more during the last six months, whereas 91% of responders had witnessed negative act behaviors during this time. The most common source of these behaviors were senior residents (73.8% of those bullied, n=178). There was a significant positive correlation between the GHQ score and the NAQ-R score assays.
Conclusion: This study, as the first study on the prevalence of bullying and negative acts in Iranian medical residents, showed that the medical education atmosphere in residency is not optimal. Therefore, there is a need for certain interventions in the medical education environment. We recommend better education of residents and faculty members, strong policy making, situation assessment and feedback regulations as essential steps towards diminishing bullying and negative behaviors in resident training centers.
Different Clinical Presentations of Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors based on Age, Parity and Histology
Authors: Akhavan Setareh , Agah Jila , Navipour Elham
Published: December 2022

Background: Ovarian tumors are mostly detected in advanced stages. Early diagnosis of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors is so vital to keep life and fertility of the patients. We aimed to find out different presentations of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors based on age, parity and histology to help early diagnosis of the tumors.
Methods: In this study, malignant ovarian germ cell tumors admitted in a referral center of gynecology oncology were studied 2001-2018. The symptoms and signs of the patients were collected and analyzed according to age, parity and specific histology.
Results: 128 cases of malignant germ cell tumors were detected. The primary symptoms included abdominal distension (45%), acute pain (40.95%), chronic pain (23.95%), menstrual irregularity (14.7%), sense of abdominal firmness and mass (7.72%), nausea (5.4%), fever (5.4%), lack of appetite (4.63%), virilization (3.1%), depletion of weight (3.1%), and 9.27% detected incidentally. Abdominal distension, and acute pain decreased after 24. Menstrual disorders and incidental detection in multiparas were significantly more than nulliparous (p<0.05). Abdominal distension was the prominent sign in dysgerminomas (50%). Almost 45% of immature, yolk sac, and mixed tumors referred with acute abdominal pain. The data showed that 85% of the patients had been suffering from some discomforts for days to months prior to the diagnosis.
Conclusion: The majority of cases are symptomatic for a long time before the first visit although aging and parity can lessen their severity. Late diagnosis can lead to acute abdomen in some histology types. Young women and health providers should be warned about concerned presentations of ovarian tumors.
Studying the Inter-Peak Latencies of Auditory Brainstem Response in Menopause Women
Authors: Emami Seyede Faranak
Published: December 2022

Background: Changes in auditory function have been noted in post-menopausal women attributed in part to the lower levels of ovarian hormones. Decreased levels of ovarian hormones may alter auditory neurotransmission time, as evaluated by Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR). Thus, objective of this study was comparison of mean inter-peak ABR latencies in post-menopausal women compared to non-menopausal women.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, research sample consisted of 60 women as case group in the age range of 45-55 years, who were post-menopausal and had normal hearing. The control group with similar characteristics were non-menopausal. Two groups were estimated by ABR and then the means of the variables that had a normal distribution were compared with each other by independent t-test. 
Results: All differences between two groups were not significant, as follows; Mean I-III inter-peak ABR latencies (p-value=0.714), mean III-V inter-peak ABR latencies (p-value=0.691) and mean I-V inter-peak ABR latencies (p-value=0.483).
Conclusion: Menopause does not cause abnormal results in auditory brainstem responses.
Evaluation of the Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Daraei Morteza , Afshari Ali , Alesaeidi Samira , Naserghandi Alvand , Allameh Seyed Farshad
Published: December 2022

Background: Changes in auditory function have been noted in post-menopausal women attributed in part to the lower levels of ovarian hormones. Decreased levels of ovarian hormones may alter auditory neurotransmission time, as evaluated by Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR). Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the mean inter-peak ABR latencies and post-menopausal women compared to non-menopausal women.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, research sample consisted of 60 women as case group in the age range of 45-55 years, who were post-menopausal and had normal hearing. The control group with similar characteristics were non-menopausal. Two groups were estimated by ABR and then the means of the variables that had a normal distribution were compared with each other by independent t-test. 
Results: All differences between two groups were not significant, as follows; Mean I-III inter-peak ABR latencies (p-value=0.714), mean III-V inter-peak ABR latencies (p-value=0.691) and mean I-V inter-peak ABR latencies (p-value=0.483).
Conclusion: Menopause does not cause abnormal results in auditory brainstem responses.
Impact of Macitentan on the Health-Related Quality of Life in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in an Iranian Population
Authors: Shafaghi Shadi , Ahmadi Zargham Hossein , Keshmiri Mohammad Sadegh , Naghashzadeh Farah , Mohamadifar Arezoo , Mohammad Majid Malek , Behzadnia Neda , Saliminejad Leila , Shadanfar Sharare , Shafaghi Masoud , Aghdasi Sina , Noorali Sima , Sharif-Kashani Babak
Published: December 2022

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive disease of the lung vascular system which causes patients’ functional limitations and reduces their Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). This study was aimed at determining the effectiveness of Macitentan on the HRQoL of Iranian PAH patients by the emphasis 10 questionnaire.
Methods: 31 idiopathic class I pulmonary hypertension patients were enrolled in this cohort study. Patients completed the emphasis 10 questionnaire at baseline and 6 months after Macitentan consumption. The absolute changes in emphasis 10 scores were calculated. The effect of Macitentan on functional activity and paraclinical indexes was assessed.
Results: The mean quality of life scores before and after the Macitentan, were 25.83 (±11.80 SD) and 16.93 (±10.36 SD), respectively (p-value=0.001). Besides, administration of Macitentan increased the mean distance in the 6-minute walk test, from 227.00±(87.275 SD) to 263.67 (±115.855 SD) (p-value=0.044), led to a reduction in the mean hospitalization days from 2.23 (±4.049 SD) to 0.33 (±1.322 SD), (p-value=0.015) and reduction in times of hospitalization from 0.57(0.93) to 0.10(0.30), (p-value=0.017). Although it had a positive effect on mean PAP (81 to 68), O2 saturation at the beginning of 6MW (90 to 91%), final O2 Saturation in 6MW (81 to 85%), and pro-BNP (907 to 412), this effect was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Treatment with Macitentan significantly improved patient functional activity and reduced the mean hospitalization days. Thus, due to the low side effects and high efficacy, it can be advised as the first line of treatment.
The Use of Intravenous Nitroglycerin During Endoscopic Removal of Sharp Esophageal Foreign Body: A Case Report
Authors: Azizi Farsani Hamidreza , Khorasanizadeh Shayesteh , Asgari Sogol , Behnaz Faranak , Ariannia Hamideh , Azizi Farsani Zahra , Tafrishinejad Arash
Published: December 2022

Background: Esophageal spasm is a common problem after Foreign Body Ingestion (FBI) and causes difficulties for foreign bodies’ removal by endoscopic intervention. Sometimes, medication may help relieve spasms and facilitate the removal of a foreign body. In the current study, we introduce a patient with esophageal spasm due to FBI for whom intravenous nitroglycerin was used to treat the spasm.
Methods: The patient was a 48-year-old man who was admitted to emergency department of Shohadaye Tajrish academic Hospital, Tehran, Iran due to FBI and following sever mid-anterior neck pain, nausea and drooling. His vital signs were normal and during endoscopic procedure, we noticed a sharp object attached to the wall of the upper third of the esophagus, causing severe spasm. After trying for an hour to remove the glass under general anesthesia, we were not able to remove it. Finally, intravenous nitroglycerin was used to relieve the spasm and it was easily removed after 2 minutes.
Conclusion: Due to inconsistencies in the clinical results of nitroglycerin, and as notable lack of studies are investigating the effectiveness of the intravenous method, we aimed to share our successful experience.
Şehrezûrî Düşüncesinde Nefsin Kuvvelerinin Ahlâkî Tekâmüle Tesiri
Authors: AYKIT Asiye
Published: December 2022

İslam düşüncesinde ahlâkî kemale ulaşma meselesi bilgi teorisiyle birlikte ele alınmaktadır. İnsanın fizik ve metafizik yönlerini içine alan nefis ve kuvveleri konusu bilgi teorisinin ve buna dayalı olarak ahlâkın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Bu makalenin amacı İşrâkî ekolün en önemli isimlerinden Şemseddin eş-Şehrezûrî’nin (ö. 687/1288) nefis ve kuvveleri hakkındaki görüşlerini ahlâkî tekâmül fikrinin merkezinde incelemektir. Kuvveler konusu içerisinde inceleyeceğimiz mütehayyile ve hafıza teorisi aynı zamanda İşrâkî düşüncenin Meşşâî bilgi anlayışına eleştirilerinin de odak noktasında bulunmaktadır. Çalışmamızda bir taraftan Şehrezûrî’nin kuvveler teorisiyle birlikte ahlâkî tekâmül fikri incelenirken diğer taraftan da bu hususlarda Meşşâî ekole eleştirileri de tartışılacaktır. Böylelikle çalışmamızın bir diğer hedefi konu bağlamında Şehrezûrî’nin ahlâk anlayışını, İşrâkî düşünceye katkıları, Meşşâî felsefeyle benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları bağlamında incelemektir.