bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Diffused Community Tuberculosis Outbreak That Could Be Detected Earlier Using Surveillance Data, Japan, 2012–2014
Authors: Ota Masaki , Uchimura Kazuhiro , Hirao Susumu
Published: April 2023

Background:

Early detection of an outbreak is a role of disease surveillance systems; however, tuberculosis (TB) surveillance systems were underutilized to detect the outbreaks. In mid-2015, a local health office of central Japan noticed the number of TB cases of city in 2012–2014 were well above the expected numbers. This study was conducted to determine whether and when a community TB outbreak could be detected and characterize the cases using the national surveillance data.

Method:

The surveillance data of the A city and surrounding areas were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed for 2006–2018.

Results:

The TB notification rates of the A city from 2012 to 2014 were 28.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.3–38.4), 26.0 (95%CI: 18.6–36.0), 28.2 (95%CI: 20.3–38.4) per 100,000 population, respectively, higher than that of the entire prefecture (13.6, 13.0, 13.3, respectively). Similarly, in the neighboring B city, the rates of 2012 and 2014 were 51.0 (95%CI: 27.2–87.2) and 51.2 (95%CI: 27.3–87.5), respectively, higher than that of its parent prefecture (13.4 and 12.7, respectively). By the end of July 2012 (A city) or August 2012 (B city), the accumulated numbers of TB cases exceeded the previous annual TB cases. The average TB notification rates of A and B cities for 2012–2014 were higher than the surrounding areas.

Conclusion:

A community TB outbreak without well-defined setting could be detected by monitoring TB surveillance data.
The Biofilm Formation of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria and Its Inhibition by Essential Oils
Authors: Polyudova Tatyana V. , Eroshenko Daria V. , Pimenova Elena V.
Published: April 2023

Background:

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) form two types of biofilms: Bottom biofilm and pellicle. The spatial distribution of cells between these types of biofilms and their dispersion into the liquid medium depends on the ratio of the nutrient components of the growth medium. The inhibition of biofilm formation by NTM can be achieved through the use of lipophilic compounds, such as essential oils (EOs).

Method:

The biofilm and pellicle formation of Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium avium on four nutrient media under static conditions and in the vapors of six EOs was evaluated by conventional method. The antimycobacterial effect of EOs was also studied by the disc diffusion method.

Results:

The bottom biofilm and pellicle formation of NTM largely depended on the composition and availability of nutrients. Nutrient media in which NTM form powerful bottom biofilm or pellicle or both have been determined. The growth of studied NTM strains on agar was highly sensitive to the EOs of Scots pine, Atlas cedar, bergamot, and a mixture of EO of different plants. The cultivation of bacteria in the EO vapors also resulted in total suppression of the pellicle for all studied NTM strains.

Conclusions:

Our data clearly indicate that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is involved in the regulation of the spatial distribution of the biofilm. The preventing effect of EOs vapors, especially the synergistic action of mixture of EOs on the biofilm and pellicle formation by NTMs can be observed.
Clinical Profile, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome of Patients with Tubercular versus Nontubercular Causes of Spine Involvement
Authors: Gupta Nitin , Bhat Shyamasunder N. , Reddysetti Suhas , Afees Ahamed M. A. , Jose Divya , Sarvepalli Aravind Srivatsa , Joylin Sowmya , Godkhindi Vishwapriya M. , Rabaan Ali A. , Saravu Kavitha
Published: April 2023

Background:

In tuberculosis (TB) endemic areas, other pyogenic causes of spine involvement may be missed. The study aimed to describe TB and non-TB causes of spine involvement and identify features that can help in differentiating them.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to screen the clinical records of all admitted patients (Kasturba Hospital, Manipal) in 2018–20 for a diagnosis of spondylitis and/or sacroiliitis. The clinical features, radiological findings, laboratory parameters, treatment details, and outcomes were compared among those diagnosed with confirmed TB, confirmed brucellosis, or confirmed pyogenic infection. A scoring system was also developed to differentiate spondylodiscitis due to tuberculous and pyogenic causes. The qualitative variables were compared using the Chi-square test, while quantitative variables were compared using the one-way analysis of variance test.

Results:

Of 120 patients with spine infections, a total of 85 patients were confirmed with the microbiological diagnosis of interest. Involvement of the thoracic spine, longer duration of illness, and caseous granulomatous reaction on histopathology was more common in TB patients. Male gender, involvement of lumbar vertebra, and neutrophilic infiltrate on histopathology were more common in brucellosis patients. Male gender, diabetes mellitus, involvement of lumbar vertebra, neutrophilic infiltrate on histopathology, leukocytosis, and increased C-reactive protein were more commonly seen in patients with pyogenic infection. The scoring system had a sensitivity and specificity of 75% and 91%, respectively, when used to differentiate TB from pyogenic infection.

Conclusions:

In resource-limited settings, suggestive findings can be used to decide empiric therapy.
Turnaround Times of the Sputum Sample Courier System at Tuberculosis Treatment Centers in Lusaka, Zambia, 2021
Authors: Daka Samuel , Matsuoka Yuko , Ota Masaki , Hirao Susumu , Phiri Abraham
Published: April 2023

Background:

Health facilities which do not have capacity to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) depend on other facilities. This involves the courier of specimen such as sputum to diagnostic centers. This study was aimed at determining the turnaround time of sputum examinations for TB patients involving a courier system between the treatment and diagnostic centers.

Methods:

The study tracked the sputum samples between TB treatment and diagnostic centers. Sputum samples for both diagnosis and follow-up reasons were purposely and serially tracked from the time they were sent to the laboratory to the time results were received at the treatment centers.

Results:

Of the 65 sputum samples tracked at Chazanga, results were available for 49 (75.4%), 6 (9.2%) were unaccounted for, 4 (6.2%) were rejected by the laboratory, 4 (6.2%) had “error” results, and 2 (3.1%) were declared “missing” because it took more than a month to return the results. The turnaround time ranged from 2 days to 18 days with an average of 5.8 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.5–7.1 days). At Kaunda Square, of the 49 samples tracked, results were available for 44 (89.8%), 2 (4.1%) were unaccounted for, 2 (4.1%) were rejected, and 1 (2.0%) was declared “missing.” The turnaround time ranged from 2 to 25 days with an average of 6.3 days (95% CI: 5.3–7.4 days).

Conclusion:

The turnaround times of sputum examinations of the two treatment centers were long. The courier system should be closely monitored to determine if it is performing well because the system is still necessary for facilities without laboratories.
Programmatic Challenges in Managing Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Malawi
Authors: Charlie Loveness , Saidi Bibie , Getachew Emnet , Wanjiru Cathreen Lydiah , Abebe Mekdelawit , Tesfahunei Hanna Amanuel , Atim Mary Gorret , Manyazewal Tsegahun , Mlera Ronald Nachipo
Published: April 2023

Background:

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is one of the most urgent challenges that Malawi tends to take a firm public health action. A recent increase in multidrug MDR-TB cases, a decrease in treatment success rate, and a double increase of lost-to-follow-up call into question the country's programmatic management of MDR-TB (PMDT). As such, the study aimed at exploring programmatic challenges in managing MDR-TB in Malawi.

Methods:

A comprehensive and nonsystematic search was made in PubMed and Google Scholar using mainly the keywords “MDR-TB” “extensively drug-resistant TB,” Malawi. The study reviewed existing guidelines and gray literature and reviewed data obtained from the national TB program (NTP) as well.

Results:

The study found the following challenges affecting PMDT: decrease in funding, partial access to GeneXpert, delay in diagnosis, long treatment duration, lack of adequate personal protective equipment, the long turnaround time of culture results, failure to initiate all diagnosed patients on treatment, absence of alternative second-line medicines, and lack of transport from health facilities to patient homes.

Conclusion:

If the Malawi NTP is to achieve a vision of a “TB-free Malawi,” rigorous efforts at all levels must be made, including mobilizing domestic resources for improved MDR-TB program performance. Developing partners should continue providing the much-needed funding to the Malawi government to stand in the wake of the MDR-TB crisis.
A Systematic Review of Adrenal Insufficiency among Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Azeez Taoreed Adegoke , Irojah Olakunle Ayorinde , Lakoh Sulaiman , Lawal Abimbola Olukayode , Ajiboso Olabiyi Abiola
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease of public health importance globally. The incidence of pulmonary TB is rising in sub-Saharan Africa. Bilateral adrenal destruction and the use of medications such as rifampicin are possible mechanisms by which TB cause adrenal insufficiency. Failure to promptly recognize adrenal insufficiency may lead to a medical crisis causing death. This systematic review aimed to identify the frequency of adrenal insufficiency, the clinical presentation and its predictors in patients with pulmonary TB in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods:

The study was a systematic review. Medical databases and the grey literature were searched. Literature search and studies selection were done following the PRISMA guidelines.

Results:

The total sample size was 809. The frequency of adrenal insufficiency among patients with pulmonary TB in sub-Saharan Africa was 0.9%–59.8%. Patients with adrenal insufficiency had symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, darkening of the skin, salt craving, and weight loss. Other symptoms were dry, itchy skin, abdominal pain, and muscle pain. The predictors of adrenal insufficiency among patients with pulmonary TB in sub-Saharan Africa were low blood pressure, low blood glucose, presence of multidrug-resistant TB, and low CD4 count. Other predictors were abdominal pain and generalized skin hyperpigmentation.

Conclusion:

The frequency of adrenal insufficiency in patients with pulmonary TB can be as high as 50%. The presence of low blood pressure, low blood glucose, multidrug-resistant TB, and generalized skin hyperpigmentation is a pointer to the possibility of adrenal insufficiency in these patients.
Mindfulness-Based Interventions
Authors: Sharma Manoj Kumar , Bhargav Hemant , Kumar Ajay , Digambhar Vishnu , Alka Mani TL
Published: April 2023

Mindfulness-based interventions have been found to be efficacious among cases with substance addiction. Its role in Internet gaming disorder (IGD) has not been extensively studied. Prisma model approach was used to search for relevant articles from January 2009 to March 2021, to synthesize the role of empirical findings with mindfulness-based interventions to address various psychological domains in IGD. Eighteen relevant papers were included to understand the role of mindfulness-based interventions in IGD. Studies revealed the role of mindfulness-based interventions in the promotion of emotional regulation, metacognitive awareness, adaptive coping/cognition, reducing impulsivity, and craving for playing games. Studies also reveal neuro-biological basis for the effect of these interventions among users with IGD. Mindfulness-based interventions are potentially useful in IGD. It implicates the need to understand the empirical linkages within the root factors for a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of mindfulness-based treatment in IGD.
The knowledge and anxiety toward the implementation of COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Boekoesoe Lintje , Lalu Nur Ayini S. , Basri K Sarinah , Ahmad Zul Fikar , Nirmasita Andi
Published: April 2023

The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between the level of knowledge and anxiety regarding the implementation of the COVID-19 vaccination in the community. The research was conducted in the Dulupi Health Center work area from March to April 2022, with an analytical observational research design using a cross-sectional approach. The research population is the Dulupi Public Health Center work area community, with a total sample of 297 people taken using the cluster random sampling technique and calculated by Slovin's formula. Data were collected through a questionnaire which were then analyzed by univariate and bivariate. The knowledge variable, most of them had less knowledge (91.9%), and in the anxiety variable, most of the respondents experienced mild anxiety (55.2%). In the implementation variable, most of the respondents were not vaccinated, 245 people (82.5%), while those who were vaccinated were 52 people (17.5%). The level of knowledge and anxiety is primarily related to the implementation of COVID-19 vaccination, with P-values of (0.047) and (0.000) <P (0.05). There is a significant correlation between knowledge and anxiety regarding implementing COVID-19 vaccination in the Dulupi Health Center work area, Boalemo Regency.
Two-Dimensional Strain Echocardiographic Parameters and Clinical Outcomes Associated with Significant Atrioventricular Regurgitation in a Single-Center Adult Fontan Population
Authors: Chen Tse Ben , Sathananthan Gnalini , Janzen Mikyla , Grewal Jasmine
Published: April 2023

Background:

Significant atrioventricular valve regurgitation (AVVR) is prevalent in Fontan adults. Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography allows for evaluation of subclinical myocardial dysfunction and offers technical benefits. We aimed to evaluate the association of AVVR with echocardiographic parameters and adverse outcomes.

Materials and Methods:

Fontan adults (≥18 years) with lateral tunnel or extracardiac connection actively followed at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with AVVR on most recent transthoracic echocardiogram (≥grade 2 as per American Society of Echocardiography guidelines) were matched with Fontan controls. Echocardiographic parameters, including global longitudinal strain (GLS), were measured. The composite outcome of Fontan failure included Fontan conversion, protein losing enteropathy, plastic bronchitis, and New York Heart Association Class III/IV.

Results:

Sixteen patients (14%, mean age 28.4 ± 7.0 years) with predominantly moderate AVVR (81%) were identified. The mean duration of AVVR was 8.1 ± 5.8 months. There was no significant reduction in ejection fraction (EF) (51.2% ± 11.7% vs. 54.7% ± 10.9%, P = 0.39) or GLS (−16.0% ± 5.2% vs. −16.0% ± 3.5%, P = 0.98) associated with AVVR. Larger atrial volumes and longer deceleration time (DT) were observed in the AVVR group. Patients with AVVR and a worse GLS (≥−16%) had higher E velocity, DT, and medial E/E’ ratio. The incidence of Fontan failure did not differ from controls (38% vs. 25%, P = 0.45). Patients with worse GLS (≥−16%) demonstrated a marked trend toward a higher incidence of Fontan failure (67% vs. 20%, P = 0.09).

Conclusions:

In Fontan adults, a short duration of AVVR did not influence EF or GLS but was associated with larger atrial volumes and those with worse GLS demonstrated some differences in diastolic parameters. Larger multicenter studies throughout its disease course are warranted.
Integrating Virtual Reality and Robotic Operation System (ROS) for AGV Navigation
Authors: Jahangir Moshayedi Ata , Reza KM Shibly , Sohail Khan Amir , Nawaz Abdullah
Published: April 2023

The use of AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicles) is rapidly expanding in various applications and industries, meeting the growing demand for automated material handling systems. However, AGV control and navigation remain a challenge. To address this issue, robotics simulators such as ROS (Robot Operating System) have become widely used, reducing the cost and time of checking robot performance. Furthermore, the integration of virtual reality technology into the robotics field has facilitated the study of various robot behaviors in realistic environments, replicating the robot’s real-life size and dimensions. In this study, the TurtleBot2i and RAZBOT AGV robot platforms were integrated into the 3D Unity environment and controlled using ROS. Using Unity as a simulator for the robot’s working environment offers several benefits, including high-quality graphics and a detailed examination of the robot’s behavior. The results of the study demonstrate the accurate simulation and control of the AGV platforms in both ROS and Unity environments.
Sostenibilidad femenina y startups: análisis de la comunicación del liderazgo de mujeres emprendedoras en España y Portugal
Authors: Torres-Mancera Rocio , Martínez-Rodrigo Estrella , Amaral Santos Claudia
Published: April 2023

Introducción: la innovación para emprender modelos de negocios responsables y sostenibles es la máxima actual en la lista de prioridades de la Unión Europea, en consonancia con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible marcados por las Naciones Unidas en su Agenda internacional para el 2030. La creación y desarrollo de proyectos y empresas conscientes de su impacto en el planeta a corto, medio y largo plazo generan mucho más valor cuando este liderazgo proviene de una vocación empresarial femenina, al optimizar el valor de la diversidad en la gestión de los recursos, tradicionalmente dirigidos por el ecosistema masculino. Metodología: se aplica una triangulación metodológica con entrevistas en profundidad a informantes clave internacionales, análisis de contenidos digitales en las regiones de Andalucía (España) y Aveiro (Portugal) y la revisión de literatura científica previa. Resultados: las nuevas startups hispano lusas siguen siendo lideradas mayoritariamente por hombres, mientras que la cuota de liderazgo emprendedor femenino abarca en torno a un 26,5% del total de la muestra. Discusión: aunque exista un amplio rango de mejora en presencia y comunicación, las mujeres están incrementando su actividad emprendedora e innovadora. En todo caso, la co-responsabilidad con la comunidad y el cuidado del legado medioambiental son valores de diferenciación profesional aún latentes.  Conclusiones: la investigación pone de manifiesto datos objetivos actuales internacionales referentes a la comunicación digital corporativa, que permiten ofrecer una visión completa sobre la realidad de las mujeres que están apostando por modelos de negocios cuya misión, visión y valores se centran en la sostenibilidad.
К вопросу о нечувствительности оценок Надарая-Ватсона относительно корреляции элементов дизайна
Authors: Linke Yuliana Yurievna
Published: April 2023

Доказана состоятельность оценок Надарая-Ватсона в непараметрической регрессии без использования традиционных условий зависимости элементов дизайна (регрессоров). Дизайн может быть как фиксированным и необязательно регулярным, так и случайным, при этом необязательно удовлетворяющим традиционным условиям корреляции элементов. Предлагается новая характеристика зависимости элементов дизайна, в терминах которой формулируются достаточные условия как поточечной, так и равномерной состоятельности оценок Надарая-Ватсона.
Скорость сходимости в законе арксинуса
Authors: Borisov Igor' Semenovich , Shefer Evgenii Igorevich
Published: April 2023

Исследуется скорость сходимости распределения нормированного времени пребывания классического случайного блуждания не ниже некоторого неотрицательного уровня к своему предельному закону при неограниченно растущем времени наблюдения.
WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF THREE DOMESTIC WATER SOURCES OF AWKA AND NNEWI TOWNS OF ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Okeke D. O. , Okoye O. N. N.
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the quality of water samples from Nnewi and Awka areas and to ascertain their health risk and safety for human consumption. In this study the Canadian Council Water Quality Index [CCME WQI] methodology was used to determine borehole, well, and rainwater samples collected from Awka and Nnewi towns of Anambra. Nine parameters were used for the evaluation, namely: pH, electrical conductivity [EC], nitrates [NO3-], sulphates [SO42-], chlorides [Cl-], Copper [Cu], Iron [Fe], Lead [Pb] and Zinc [Zn] from 60 water samples. CCMEWQI values showed that the water samples were “Good”, therefore making the water samples gotten from these metropolises safe for human consumption.
SCREENING OF FUNGI FROM THE TRICHOCOMACEAE FAMILY (ASPERGILLI AND PENICILLIA) IN PRODUCTION OF HEXOSE SUGARS FROM AGRO-WASTE
Authors: Omoruyi U. , Irabor E. E. I.
Published: April 2023

As an alternative to crude oil, the production of hexose sugars from agro-waste may be viewed as an environmentally benign process for sustainable chemicals/fuels production. A range of high-value industrial chemicals and fuels can be accessed from biomass-derived hexose sugars. This work evaluated the production of hexose sugars from yam peels (agro-waste) via enzymatic hydrolysis using different fungi from the trichocomaceae family namely, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus tamari, Pencillium citrinum, and Penicillium chrysogenum respectively. The agro-waste (yam peels) samples were inoculated directly with the respective fungi without any form of pre-treatment. Hexose yields of 8.75±0.07%, 8.10±0.07%, 2.75±0.25% and 2.75±0.25 were obtained for A. niger, A. tamari, P. citrinum, and P. chrysogenum respectively when the samples were sterilized for 20 minutes at 121oC. Under the same experimental conditions, the control sample gave a minimal yield of 1.50±0.35%. Regardless of the enzyme employed, the amount of hexose sugars produced increased steadily with an increase in sterilization time (40, 60, 80, and 100 minutes). Optimum hexose yields of 16.90±0.71%, 15.50±0.35%, 7.00±0.01%, 7.00±0.05% were recorded for A. niger, A. tamari, P. citrinum, and P. chrysogenum respectively at 100 minutes sterilization time. Generally, P. citrinum, and P. chrysogenum gave similar but low hexose yields while A.niger and A. tamari afforded high and distinct hexose yields. Amongst the different fungi screened, A. niger was the most efficient enzyme for the hydrolysis giving the highest hexose sugar yields under the different conditions employed. The performance of the different fungi was evaluated against three different concentrations (0.5M, 1.0 M, 1.5M) of HCl and H2SO4 acid-catalysed hydrolysis of the yam peels respectively. At 1.0 M concentrations HCl and H2SO4 respectively, the hexose yields of 6.40 ± 0.40 % and 7.60 ± 0.20% obtained were on par with those obtained for the enzymes P. citrinum (7.00±0.01%) and P. chrysogenum (7.00±0.05%) after 100 minutes sterilization time. Regardless of acid concentrations, A. niger, and A. tamari enzymes were more effective for the hydrolysis than the HCl and H2SO4 acid-catalysed process with A. niger being the most effective for the hydrolysis. Therefore, a combination of the A-niger and any heterogenous green catalyst is a promising strategy for further transformation of hexose sugars obtained from agro-wastes to higher value chemicals like levulinic acid in a one-pot synthesis. The extended sterilization time may also be a suitable pre-treatment alternative to mineral acids.
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ILLICIT TABLETS FROM FORENSIC SCIENCE SERVICE SEIZURE
Authors: Umaru K. , Scowen I.
Published: April 2023

Ecstasy is the common name for illicit street drugs that contain 3,4-methylenedioxy- methamphetamine (MDMA) or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine hydrochloride (MDMA.HCl) as the active ingredient. It has a number of effects on the user from affecting mood to disrupting brain and liver functions. There are a number of impurities in ecstasy tablets which are present due to the synthesis route used or the addition of other ingredients that may enhance or dampen the effect of MDMA when consumed. Raman spectra and PXRD diffractogram results showed that none of the samples analysed contained MDMA despite being marketed as such; therefore, user of ecstasy are exposing themselves to other chemical compounds that are potentially harmful to them.
Buckling Analysis of Cold-Form Steel Built-Up Column with Two Sections
Authors: Sherin Fathima , U Minu
Published: April 2023

Cold-formed steel has a high strength ratio, high corrosion resistance, and ease of fabrication. So, their range of applications has rapidly expanded as a primary structure for flexural and compression members due to their varieties of advantages. The increased load-carrying capacity and span length can be achieved by the build-up of the section connecting two or more individual sections by self-drilling screws or spot welds. This project deals with the buckling analysis of cold-form built-up sections using ANSYS software. The sections were made by connecting two sections using self-drilling screws. The sections used for the study were channel sections without lips. This project mainly aims to study the effect of buckling loads by changing the screw spacing. According to the findings, buckling load increases as screw spacing decreased. In contrast to open sections, closed sections display variable findings.
Phytoalexins: Defend systems of plants and Pharmacological Potential - A systematic review
Authors: T.Sivakumar  , B.Deepa
Published: April 2023

Plants are easily prone towards microbial infections on exposure to microorganisms and pathogens. In order to defense, plants produce low molecular weight secondary metabolites which were later known as “Phytoalexins”. These molecules have vast therapeutic potential also. The purpose of this review is to explore the phytoalexins and their pharmacological effects. The data included from the articles were published from PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, and Embase by using relevant keywords including plants possessing phytoalexins and their specific biological applications. phytoalexins started with progress in their biochemistry and bioorganic chemistry, resulting in the determination of their structure, their biological activity, as well as mechanisms of their synthesis and catabolism by microorganisms. This has led to potential applications for increasing plant resistance to diseases. Phytoalexins exhibit an enormous diversity belonging to various chemical families such as for instance, phenolics, terpenoids, furanoacetylenes, steroid glycoalkaloids, sulfur-containing compounds and indoles. phytoalexins are used in the various diseases and applications of plants and human health. Based on this review, it can be concluded that phytoalexins have tremendous potential in the treatment and prevention of various life-threatening diseases such as diabetes, cancer, brain damage and heart attack.
From Greed to Wellbeing
Authors: Magnuson Joel
Published: April 2023

The global financial system seems caught in a cycle of boom and bust, instability and scandal. Building on the classic works of E. F. Schumacher and other kindred spirits, Magnuson provides a Buddhist economics perspective on this recurring pattern and offers new possibilities for change.
The New Age of Ageing
Authors: Lodge Caroline , Carnell Eileen , Coleman Marianne
Published: April 2023

Debunking the myth of the ageing time bomb, this timely book from the authors of Retiring with Attitude challenges our assumptions and stereotypes and demonstrates that we are capable of living better together longer in this new, older world.
Miseducation
Authors: Reay Diane
Published: April 2023

This book brings Brian Jackson and Dennis Marsden's pioneering Education and the Working Class from 1962 up to date for the twenty-first century and reveals what we can do to achieve a fairer education system.
How Inequality Runs in Families
Authors: Calder Gideon
Published: April 2023

In the UK, as in other rich countries, the 'playing-field' is anything but level and the family plays a surprisingly crucial part in maintaining inequality. This book explores how seemingly mundane aspects of family life raise fundamental questions of social justice and calls for a rethink of what equality of opportunity means.
White Privilege
Authors: Bhopal Kalwant
Published: April 2023

Why and how do those from black and minority ethnic communities continue to be marginalised? Bhopal explores how neoliberal policy-making has increased discrimination faced by those from non-white backgrounds. This important book examines the impact of race on wider issues of inequality and difference in society.
The Moral Marketplace
Authors: Singh Asheem
Published: April 2023

Author and activist Asheem Singh explores how a movement of tiny ventures evolved into a global humanitarian and financial juggernaut, revealing new ways to fight privilege and inequality, rewire philanthropy, government and even capitalism itself.
IDENTIFICATION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FORAGE RESOURCES CONSUMED BY GOATS IN THE MIXTECA REGION OF OAXACA, MEXICO
Authors: Ramírez-Bribiesca Jacinto Efrén , López-Ojeda Jose Carlos , Robles-Soriano Ramón , López-Garrido Serafín Jacobo
Published: April 2023

The Mixteca region of Oaxaca, Mexico, is characterized by extensive grazing of various grasses, shrubs, and trees to raise goats. The objective of this study was to identify and determine the dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of the species consumed by goats in the Mixteca region of Oaxaca. The direct observation method was used to collect forage from the species during the rainy (August-September) and dry (April-May) seasons. A botanical collection was made for later identification. The variables considered were the season (rainy, dry) and growth habit (tree, shrub, herbaceous, pod) as treatments. The chemical composition values were analyzed with a completely randomized experimental design. A total of 116 species were identified, of which 74 % were found in the rainy season and 26 % in the dry season. By growth habit, 42 % were trees, 34 % shrubs, and 24 % herbaceous. In addition, 11 % of the total species provided pods that goats consumed. The Fabaceae family was the most represented. Regarding chemical composition, the NDF content of the species was higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the rainy season. By growth habit, the highest values obtained (p ≤ 0.05) for DM were in herbaceous and pods; for OM, in pods; for NDF, in pods and trees; and for IVDMD, in trees, shrubs, and pods. The goat livestock of the Mixteca region in Oaxaca has an important ecological niche. The evaluated species maintain a variable chemical composition between the rainy and dry seasons.
Factors Influencing Customers’ Attention and Decision on Instagram of Education Agencies in Istanbul: A Qualitative In-Depth Interview Study
Authors:   Eng. PhD candidate, Istanbul University, Institute of Social Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey., DWIRI Basel , HALAWEH Lena ,   PhD candidate, Istanbul University, Institute of Social Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey., ALHAFEZ Namaa ,   PhD candidate, Istanbul University, Institute of Social Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to identify the factors that influence customers’ attention and decision-making on Instagram for education agencies in Istanbul. In these days, social media is one of the strongest approaches to promoting or selling services. People are browsing social media daily on public transportation and during their leisure time. This is a great opportunity for those agencies to reach the potential customers they are looking for through ads. The researchers gathered primary qualitative data using in-depth interviews. Ten students from Africa and the Middle East who currently live and study in Istanbul were the study’s target sample. The findings show that the interviewees open social media platforms from 1 to 2 times daily, and the average usage duration is between 2 and 3 hours. The main factors that encourage the interviewees to follow business pages on Instagram are content, the brand’s quality, word-of-mouth, price, and the most important one is the page’s content, including the content in Arabic. Also, including a contact number will increase the chances of the ad being opened. Other factors include the number of offered services, the year of establishment, the number of followers, website availability, contact information availability, the number of users or customers, content, price, face-to-face services, and achievements by these companies (success stories, content in English and Arabic, physical address, information about the company’s team, design, and creativity). Regarding the trust factor in terms of education agencies, word-of-mouth and the number of followers are considered the main keys. A possible improvement for education agencies from a customer perspective is increasing the number of ads targeting international students, including videos and pictures. Also, these agencies need to list their team members’ details to increase trust, and professional customer service is required to improve the performance of these agencies, including clarity and honesty.
Association of Interleukin-8 (Il-8) Level on Benign and Malignant Type of Ovarian Neoplasm
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Setiawan Surya , Arifuddin Sharvianty ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Fujiko Masita ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Asni St. Nur ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Moeljono Eddy R. ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Rasjad Irma Savitri Ch. ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Objective: Ovarian cancer is a global problem and is the eighth most common type of cancer in women. The proinflammatory IL-8 cytokine has been established as an immunoregulatory cytokine. Ovarian cancer cells continuously secrete this cytokine which increases its tumorigenicity Methods: Observational study with cross-sectional design. The sample of this study were ovarian neoplasm patients who underwent surgery at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo hospital and the networking hospitals. The sampling was done by consecutive random sampling. Measurement of serum IL-8 was conducted using the ELISA method. Data were analyzed by chi-square test. Result: Serum IL-8 levels were found to be associated with staging and histopathological results in ovarian neoplasms with a significant elevation of IL-8 levels at a mean value of 146.10 pg/mL (p <0.05) in advanced stage ovarian neoplasm and at a mean value of 152.43 pg/mL (p <0.05) in ovarian neoplasm with epithelial histopathology results. Although an increase in serum IL-8 levels was also observed in the ovarian neoplasm group with an abnormal CA-125 result with a mean value of 124.16 pg/mL (p > 0.05), malignant RMI with a mean value of 148.91 pg/mL (p > 0.05), and cytology containing malignant cells with a mean value of 167.68 pg/mL (p > 0.05), these findings were not statistically significant. Conclusion: In this study, it was concluded that IL-8 levels were significantly increased in ovarian neoplasms with advanced stage and histopathological results of epithelial type.
Role of Oxidative Strees and Antioxidants in Obese and non-obese womans with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors:   Department of Chemistry– College of Science- Kirkuk University- Iraq, Mahmood Zainab , Satter Saleh Sayran ,   Department of Chemistry– College of Science- Kirkuk University- Iraq
Published: April 2023

The study was conducted on (90) blood samples, 60 samples from patients with (PCOS) and 30 of them were healthy women. Blood samples were collected from women attending outpatient clinics in Kirkuk Governorate, after their diagnosis. By obstetrics and gynecologists for the period from 11/20/2021 to 25/2/2022, as their ages ranged between (17-42) years, and they were divided into three groups depending on the body mass index (BMI), the first group (30) samples for patients with (PCOS) who are obese with BMI of more than 30 kg/m2 , and second group (30) samples for ladies without obesity who have polycystic ovary syndrome with a BMI of less than 25 kg / m2 and the third group (30) samples of non-infected women with a BMI of more than 30 kg / m2 as a control group. The study included the measurement of antioxidants, including non-enzymatic antioxidants It includes (glutathione, uric acid, and bilirubin), as well as measuring the concentration of malondialdehyde in obese, and without obesity (PCOS). The findings of this researh show following: * Increase that is statistically significant (P ≤0.01) in the concentration malondialdehyde when comparing obese women with PCOS with control, and increase that is statistically significant (P ≤0.05) when comparing between PCOS-afflicted obese and non-obese women * A notable reduction in the p-valu (P≤0.01) in the (bilirubin and glutathione) of concentration when comparing obese PCOS patients with control, a notable reduction and at the level of probability (P≤0.01) in the concentration of bilirubin and (P≤0.05) in the concentration of glutathione at Comparing obese women with PCOS to non-obese patients. * A notable reduction (P≤0.05) in the total capacity of antioxidants in obese women with PCOS compared with the control group, the results showed decrease that is statistically significant (P ≤0.01) when comparing the concentration of the total capacity of antioxidants between women Obese and non-obese patients. * A non-significant differences in uric acid concentration when comparing women with PCOS with control, and the results showed a increase that is statistically significant (P ≤0.05) when comparing women with PCOS who are obese with those who are not obese.
Dental Age Estimation in Down Syndrome Children, Using Schour-Massler and the Blenkin-Taylor Method in Jember Region
Authors:   Post Graduate, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Indonesia, Kurniasih Nadia , Apriyono Dwi Kartika ,   Laboratory of Forensic Odontology, Department of Biomedical, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Indonesia, Novita Masniari ,   Laboratory of Forensic Odontology, Department of Biomedical, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Indonesia, Shita Amandia Dewi Permana ,   Department of Biomedical, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Background: Dental age estimation plays a vital role in today's medical world. There are various methods for determining the approximate age of a person. Dental age estimation seen from the growth of the teeth can be measured by looking at the clinical condition of the individual's oral cavity or through panoramic photos. There are many studies related to the estimation of individual age through the teeth but not yet in children with Down Syndrome. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the dental estimated ages of Down syndrome children using the Schour-Massler and the Blenkin-Taylor method in Jember Region. Material and Methods: The research was cross-sectional. The research subjects were people with Down Syndrome 10-17 years old and taking panoramic photos. Calculating dental age using the method of Schour- Massler and Blenkin-Taylor by 3 observers. Data analysis using Kolmogorov Smirnov and Paired T-Test. Results: The mean difference between the age of the sample and the age of the teeth in the Schour -Massler method is 2.0-3.1 years and the difference between the age of the sample and the age of the teeth in the Blenkin-Taylor method is 1.6-3.2 years. Conclusion: There was a delay in the teeth age, especially in Down Syndrome children using both the Schour-Massler measurement method and the Blenkin-Taylor method.
Online Streaming Platform
Authors: N. Krishnaveni  , J. Praveen Kumar  , R. Premkumar  , M. Sebastian Prabu
Published: April 2023

Video traffic demand over mobile networks have been difficult task, the quality of service get reduced when there is a gap between the traffic demand and link capacity. The quality of video streaming gets poor when there occurs the long buffering and intermittent disruptions. In the cloud computing technology, we propose a new mobile video streaming framework consist of AMES cloud, which is dubbed with: adaptive mobile video streaming and efficient social video sharing these construct a private agent to provide video streaming efficiently for each mobile user. AMO uses the scalable video coding technique to adjust the streaming. SOV monitors the social network interactions among mobile users and as to pre fetch video in advance. The website will have a user-friendly interface, allowing users to easily navigate and access the content of the website. The website will also provide features such as creating playlists, sharing content with friends, and rating videos. Additionally, the website will provide a way for users to upload and publish their own videos. The website will also include a search engine to help users find content quickly and easily.
Future GPT Memory in Chips for Robot Intelligence
Authors: Priyanshi Agrawal
Published: April 2023

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) in robotics has opened up new possibilities for advanced machine learning algorithms to enhance robots' intelligence and cognitive abilities. One of the key factors in achieving these capabilities is the memory capacity of the robots. This paper examines the potential for future GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) memory in chips that can be installed in robots to enhance their intelligence. We explore the current state of the art in AI and robotics, discuss the importance of memory capacity for robot intelligence, and examine the potential of GPT memory in chips for improving the cognitive abilities of robots. Finally, we discuss the possible implications of these developments for the future of robotics and AI. This paper explores the potential of GPT memory, a type of transformer-based neural network, for use in memory systems installed in robots. We discuss the architecture of GPT memory, the current state of GPT technology, and its potential applications in the field of robotics. We also consider the challenges associated with implementing GPT memory in robotic systems, including power consumption and computational requirements
Plant Disease Detection using Machine Learning
Authors: Prof. Vrushali Paithankar  , Ajinkya Awari  , Akash Raskar  , Shrirameshwar Patil  , Namrata Jamdar
Published: April 2023

Plant diseases are a major threat to agricultural production and food security worldwide. Early detection and accurate diagnosis of plant diseases are crucial for effective disease management. Machine learning techniques, particularly deep learning algorithms such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have shown great potential for plant disease detection. In this study, we propose a plant disease detection system that utilizes image processing and CNNs for real-time detection of plant diseases. The system takes an image of the diseased plant as input and uses image processing techniques to extract relevant features from the image. These features are then fed into a CNN model, which is trained on a large dataset of plant disease images, to classify the disease. The proposed system can help farmers detect and manage plant diseases early, thereby reducing crop losses and improving agricultural productivity.
Ayres Sensory Integration® for Addressing Play in Autistic Children: A Multiple-Baseline Examination
Authors: Kuhaneck Heather M. , Watling Renee , Glennon Tara J.
Published: April 2023

Importance: Play is an area of difficulty for autistic children, and occupational therapy practitioners need evidence to guide interventions to improve play for this population. Ayres Sensory Integration® (ASI) intervention has not yet been studied for its impact on play outcomes.

Objective: To examine the impact of ASI intervention on play types in autistic children.

Design: Nonconcurrent, multiple-baseline design across subjects.

Setting: Outpatient occupational therapy clinic in New England.

Participants: Three autistic children, ages 5, 6, and 6 yr.

Intervention: Twenty-four ASI sessions.

Outcomes and Measures: Frequency of play type was coded using partial interval coding. Progress monitoring used Goal Attainment Scaling.

Results: All three participants demonstrated changes in the frequency of specific types of play, but changes varied among them.

Conclusions and Relevance: Findings suggest that ASI intervention may alter a child’s patterns of play.

What This Article Adds: This study is the first to examine the impact of ASI on play and the third that documents the feasibility of single-subject research for studying ASI. If confirmed in future studies, ASI could become an evidence-based intervention for improving play, an important outcome for autistic children and the profession of occupational therapy.

Positionality Statement: This article uses the identity-first language autistic people. This nonableist language describes their strengths and abilities and is a conscious decision. This language is favored by autistic communities and self-advocates and has been adopted by health care professionals and researchers (Bottema-Beutel et al., 2021; Kenny et al., 2016).
Research on Intelligent Urban Traffic Construction for Driverless
Authors:   The Northeast Asian Business and Economic Association (NABEA), Yang Yanlu , Wang Yiyuan , Gao Minghao
Published: April 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the existing problems of the barrage video website in view of the current situation that the barrage video website greatly impacts people’s video viewing mod.
Design/Methodology/Approach - Based on the subversive revolutionary impact of driverless technology on the future of urban intelligent transportation, this paper mainly adopts the method of theoretical analysis. Combined with the current urban intellectual transportation construction status, it conducts theoretical research on future urban thoughtful transportation construction planning.
Findings - This study puts forward constructive suggestions on the smart construction of future cities from six aspects: top-level design, technical support, intelligent infrastructure construction, intelligent transportation decisionmaking system, industry and talent construction, and social cooperation.
Research Implications - In the management of this paper, This paper is of great significance to the planning and construction of smart transportation in future cities and the coordinated development of driverless and smart transportation.
The Use of English Learning Videos on Personal Tablets to Facilitate Primary Students' Literacy
Authors: Arpian Jumiatul
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of tablet use by utilizing learning videos to improve student literacy at SD Negeri 15 Woja. The population of this study ranges from low to high-grade students (III & IV) at SD Negeri 15 Woja, which consists of 20 students. Each student from grades I to VI took 10 students, who were the primary samples in the implementation of this study. This research uses qualitative research methods. Furthermore, the research instruments used in this study are direct in-class observations containing video recordings and other supporting data such as activity documentation, researcher diaries, and additional website resources. After the data is analyzed using qualitative analysis, it can be concluded that using technological media in the form of learning videos effectively encourages students of SD Negeri 15 Woja to carry out literacy activities in different ways. The statement is corroborated by some of the data attached to the study.