bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the pharmacological efficiency of the lipid extract from the tunic of the marine hydrobiont Halocynthia aurantium (Pallas, 1774)
Authors: Kushnerova N. F. , Fomenko S. E. , Sprygin V. G. , Momot T. V. , Drugova E. S. , Lesnikova L. N. , Merzlyakov V. Y.
Published: October 2024

It was studied effect of the lipid extract isolated from the tunic of the marine hydrobiont Halocynthia aurantium. It was evaluated its administration during hypothermia, hyperthermia, muscle load and the introduction of hexenal as well as its embryotoxic and teratogenic effects The impact of stress (vertical fixation of rats by the dorsal neck fold) was accompanied by an increase in plasma levels of total lipids, total cholesterol, cholesterol/phospholipid ratios and a decrease in total phospholipids, as well as by a change in the quantitative characteristics of classes of neutral and phospholipid. It was carried out a correction of the developed changes by a lipid extract of ascidia and a commercial reference preparation “Omega-3”. The lipid extract of H. aurantium showed a higher efficiency in restoring the lipid composition of the blood plasma under stress impact compared to the preparation “Omega-3” due to a wider range of neutral and phospholipid classes, polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 and n-6 families. The tunica of ascidian can be used as a raw material for obtaining preparations with stress-protector and lipid-correcting properties.
On the use of isotopic differences of carbon fractions of biomass in plants to study transport flows and source-sink relations under different light conditions
Authors: Ivlev A. A. , Litvinsky V. A. , Przewalsky N. M. , Tovstyko D. A. , Shmakov A. S. , Lomakin M. P. , Sleptsov N. N. , Tarakanov I. G.
Published: October 2024

It is shown that the differences in the isotopic composition of carbon in the water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions of plant leaf biomass, as well as phloem, are evolutionarily determined. They associated with metabolic reactions during assimilation and photorespiration and do not depend on the illumination mode and on the spectral ranges of headlights used in illumination. The above isotopic shifts are the cause of isotopic differences in assimilatory and photorespiratory carbon stocks that feed various metabolic processes. Due to the strict temporal and spatial organization of metabolism, carbon fluxes from the funds retain isotopic differences without complete mixing. The differences in the isotopic composition of carbon of the water-soluble fraction of biomass and carbon of phloem juice from carbon of the water-insoluble fraction are small (1–3%), but they are quite stable and easily fixed. The carbon of the water-soluble fraction is very close in isotopic composition to the carbon of the phloem and is noticeably enriched with the isotope 13C relative to the water-insoluble fraction, which makes it possible to use it as a marker in the study of assimilate transport in plants, especially during budding and fruiting. It is shown that the reason for the enrichment of autotrophic organs and tissues with isotope 12C relative to carbon of heterotrophic parts of the plant is the predominant participation in their formation of an isotopically light assimilation fund, whereas an isotopically heavy photorespiratory fund takes part in the formation of heterotrophic organs. It is shown that the manifestation of the formation of two isotopically different funds is the discovered relationship of the carbon isotope composition of leaves with their age.
Kinetics of dietary fibers in a fat sand rat: importance of the digestive tract isolating structures and food quality
Authors: Naumova E. I. , Zharova G. K. , Chistova T. Yu.
Published: October 2024

The pass of feed through the digestive tract in a herbivorous rodent with a single-chamber gemiglandular stomach, the fat sand rat Psammomys obesus, was studied by multiple marking of the food with inert plastic markers. The total mean retention time of markers in the digestive tract (DT), as well as in the stomach and caecum separately, was determined. The peculiarities of the digesta kinetics depending on the morphology of the digestive tract, diet and the time of markers intake were clarified. The total time for removing markers from DT in the fat sand rat reaches 36 hours. The mean retention time of markers in DT was determined as a whole (17–18 hours), as well as separately in the forestomach (7–9 hours) and caecum (7–12 hours). The uneven passage of feed has been revealed, which is considered as an important mechanism for maximizing the extraction of nutrients from plants, including microbial fermentation of structural carbohydrates of the food.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI PERSUASIF CELEBRITY ENDORSER DI PLATFORM DIGITAL TERHADAP CITRA MEREK PRODUK WARDAH
Authors: AM A Muh Sakti
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh komunikasi persuasif celebrity endorser terhadap citra merek produk Wardah. Komunikasi persuasif di platform digital memiliki kemampuan untuk membentuk opini melalui kampanye sosial dan pesan persuasif. Media sosial telah mengubah cara manusia berinteraksi, membentuk pandangan, dan mempengaruhi perilaku.. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada responden yang merupakan konsumen produk Wardah dengan jumlah sampel 138. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana serta analisis korelasi. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi persuasif yang dilakukan oleh celebrity endorser memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap citra merek. Hal ini berarti bahwa penggunaan celebrity endorser yang tepat dapat meningkatkan persepsi positif konsumen terhadap merek Wardah. Selain itu hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan ada hubungan bermakna antar komunikasi persuasive dengan citra merek produk Wardah.
ЭЛЕКТРОНДЫҚ РЕСУРСТАРДЫ ОҚУ ҮДЕРІСІНЕ ТИІМДІ ЕНГІЗУ ЖОЛДАРЫ
Authors: Адылбекова Э.Т. , Сарсенбиева Н.Ф. , Кулжатаева К.М.
Published: October 2024

. Ақпараттық технологиялар, оның ішінде электрондық білім беру ресурстары бүгінгі таңда білім беруді дамытудың негізгі көрсеткіштерінің біріне айналуда. Электрондық білім беру ресурстарының оқу процесіне қосылуы оқушылар мен ата-аналар оқу орындарын таңдайтын тартымды сәт болып табылады. Электрондық білім беру ресурстарын пайдалану оқу процесінің үлкен мүмкіндіктерін ашады. Олар білім беру жүйесінің тиімділігін қамтамасыз етіп қана қоймай, жалпы қоғамның дамуына да әсер етеді.
Болашақ информатика мұғалімдерінің электронды білім беру ресурстарын құруға дайындығын зерттеудің жеке бағыты ретінде қалыптастыру мәселесін бөлу біздің республикамыздағы сандық технологиялар саласындағы стратегиялық бағыттармен де, компьютерлерді әр түрлі іс-әрекетте қолдану тәжірибесінің жағдайымен де байланысты. Қазіргі уақытта болашақ  мұғалімді электрондық ресурстарды пайдалануға ғана емес, сонымен қатар оқу процесінде құру мен қолдануға, жалпы білім беретін мектептерде ЭББР енгізу әдістемесін әзірлеуге дайындауды жүзеге асыру қажеттілігі туындады (Сарсенбиева и др., 2021).
Осылайша, ЭР құру бойынша болашақ мұғалімдерді ғылыми-әдістемелік қамтамасыз ету қажеттілігі туындайды, бірақ сонымен бірге информатиканы оқыту теориясы мен әдістемесінде ЭББР әзірлеудің мазмұны жеткіліксіз ұсынылған, әзірленген әдістемелік ұсынымдар жалпы сипатқа ие. Сондықтан, зерттеудің өзектілігі болашақ информатика мұғалімдерін ЭББР құруға даярлау әдістемесін құру қажеттілігімен байланысты. Бұл мәселенің өзектілігі және туындаған қайшылықтарды жеңудің жолдарын іздеу біздің зерттеуіміздің тақырыбын таңдауға әкелді.
Біздің зерттеуіміз қазіргі заманның өзекті мәселесіне – болашақ мұғалімдердің мектептегі сабақтарда электрондық білім беру ресурстарын әзірлеуге және пайдалануға дайындығын қалыптастырудың негізгі ережелерін негіздеуге арналған. Зерттеу жүргізу қажеттілігі кәсіби міндеттерді шешу үшін ақпараттық технологияларды қолдана алатын жоғары білікті кадрларды даярлауға мемлекеттің талаптарының артуымен байланысты болды. Осы технологиялармен еркін жұмыс істей алатын мамандарды даярлауда жоғары оқу орындары маңызды рөл атқарады.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ ЧТЕНИЯ ТЕКСТОВ СТУДЕНТОВ НА ЗАНЯТИЯХ НЕМЕЦКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Authors: Джуманова Л.С. , Сагиндыкова А.С. , Кадырова Г.М.
Published: October 2024

Аннотация. В научной статье рассматривается опыт работы над аутентичным текстом на занятии немецкого языка в Карагандинском университете имени академика Е.А.Букетова  на примере учебника «Menschen (Niveau B1)» немецкого издательства «Hueber Verlag». Мы изучили некоторые возможности формирования и развития компетенции чтения текстов на занятии, апробировали их и выявили положительный эффект применивших нами на занятии  технологию продуктивного чтения и метода диалога с текстом. Мы можем сказать о повышении заинтересованности обучающихся к новым формам работы, проявлении активности на занятии. Если к началу занятия обучающиеся были достаточно пассивны, то постепенно каждый стремился проявить себя с хорошей стороны, показать свое знание и мышление, высказывал свое мнение и защищал свою точку зрения  участвуя в этапах обработки и обсуждения текста. Такой интерес к обсуждаемой теме и активность студентов открыла перед нами перспективу создания дебатных площадок и дискуссии прямо во время занятия в аудитории. Применяя эти технологии при обработке и анализе аутентичного текста мы заметили, что у студентов увеличился объем высказывании, они стали более уверенно использовать различные речевые обороты  в своей речи, их словарный запас не только увеличился, а стал значительно богаче и разнообразнее. Анализ проблем и ситуации, изложенных в текстах, стали более комплексными и всесторонними. Таким образом, мы можем утверждать о положительном влиянии технологии на формирование компетенции чтения у студентов на занятиях немецкого языка.
ЛОГОПЕДИЯ ЖӘНЕ НЕЙРОПСИХОЛОГИЯ НЕГІЗДЕРІ
Authors: Ахметова Г.К. , Исманова Р.Ж.
Published: October 2024

Мақалада сөйлеу тілінде бұзылыстары бар балаларды логопедиялық тұрғыдан түзету жұмыстарындағы логопед маманның нейропсихологиялық білім деңгейінің қаншалықты қажет екендігі аталады. Тіл адам дамуының негізгі көрсеткіші, ал даму есте сақтау, зейін, ойлау, ақыл-ой қабілетінің дамуымен байланысты. Адам ағзасының түрлі бөліктері, оның ішінде мидың дамудағы алатын орны ерекше. Орталық жүйке жүйесінің зақымдалуынан кейінгі тіл бұзылыстарының неврологиясы, қозғалыс пен когнитивті қабілеттерге қалай қатысы бар екенін анықтау, сөйлеу тілінде бұзылысы бар балалармен жұмыс жүргізуде баланың оқу, ортаға бейімделу, қарым-қатынасқа түсу, мінез-құлқындағы қиындықтарды анықтау үшін, баланың  психикалық функцияларының жұмыс істеу деңгейін, сондай-ақ белгілі бір бұзылыстардың болуын анықтайтын  нейропсихологиялық тұжырымдарды логопед те білуі керек. сөйлеу негізгі жоғары психикалық функция болғандықтан нейропсихологиялық түзету жұмыстары түзету жұмыстарына негізгі қосымша толықтыру ретінде құнды. Себебі бала тәрбие мен оқудағы жасына сай талаптарды орындауға қиналатын болса,  ол оның нейропсихологиялық ерекшелігіне байланысты болады яғни,  үйлесімді ақыл-ой белсенділігі үшін қажет мидың екі жарты шарының арасындағы байланысты нығайтуға, қозғалыс мидың энергетикалық қоректенуіне, ақыл-ой қабілетінің жоғарылауына және барлық психикалық процестердің жеделдеуіне ықпал етуде  қажетті  нейропсихологиялық  түзету жұмыстары баланың  өзін-өзі басқаруға, оның ми аймақтары жоспарлауға, бағдарламалауға және басқаруға жауап беру дағдыларын игеруге әсер етеді. Арнайы сыныптардағы балалардың ерекшеліктеріне орай қолданылатын осы әдістер негізінде анықталған мәселелер логопед маманның білімі мен тәжірибесін  нейропсихологиялық тұрғыдан толықтыруды қажет ететіні байқалды. Мақалада  логопедия мен нейропсихологияның бірлескен жұмысын атқаратын мамандарға қажетті құзыреттіліктерге тоқталдық.
FUTURE ENGLISH TEACHERS’ USE OF SELF-REGULATED LEARNING STRATEGIES IN DEVELOPING LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY
Authors: Babakhanova D. , Kazykhankyzy L.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. One of the key objectives of education evaluation is to increase students’ capability in learning how to learn. For this purpose, teachers need to teach students the required knowledge and effective strategies. Self-regulation plays a major role in learning English in order to achieve setting goals. It is significant to monitor and control the behaviors and motivation in learning process. The purpose of this study was to explore English Language Teaching (ELT) pre-service teachers’ use of self-regulated learning strategies in developing language proficiency. The participants were 70 junior and senior students enrolled at the Foreign Languages Teaching Department of Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University in Turkestan. This study used quantitative descriptive research design. A survey method using questionnaire was used in order to collect necessary data and analyzed descriptively using Statistical Package for Social sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. The result of this study showed that ELT pre-service teachers use different types of self-regulated learning strategies in different situations. To be precise, the record keeping and monitoring strategy was found to be used more often than the strategies, such as rehearsal and memorization, seeking social assistance, goal setting and planning, seeking opportunities to practice English and self-consequences strategies. The study determines the learners who are soon-to-be English language teachers’ perceptions of using different kinds of self-regulation strategies, therefore the results might be useful in teaching English in the language classroom.
РАЗВИТИЕ АДАПТИВНОЙ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ И СПОРТА В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН: ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ ВЫЗОВЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ
Authors: Марчибаева У.С.
Published: October 2024

Аннотация. В данном исследовании проводится анализ интеграции адаптивной физической культуры и спорта в образовательную систему Республики Казахстан. Основными целями исследования являются определение ключевых аспектов педагогического подхода к адаптивной физической культуре и спорту и анализ проблем и перспектив развития этой сферы в контексте образования. Методология исследования включает сравнительный анализ, оценку педагогических техник и методов, а также анализ правовой базы и текущей образовательной практики. Результаты исследования указывают на государственную поддержку и стремление к равенству возможностей для всех групп населения, однако выявлены препятствия для эффективного развития адаптивной физической культуры и спорта в образовательной сфере. К таким проблемам относятся нехватка квалифицированных специалистов, отсутствие научных исследований, недостаточная разработка учебно-методической базы и недостаточное количество адаптированных спортивных объектов. Исследование предлагает рекомендации для устранения выявленных проблем и продвижения адаптивной физической культуры и спорта в контексте образовательной системы Республики Казахстан. Особое внимание уделяется значимости координации между разнообразными государственными, частными и образовательными организациями, ответственными за развитие адаптивной физической культуры и спорта. Исследование также акцентирует важность разработки комплексных национальных программ и стратегий, направленных на стимулирование и поощрение развития адаптивной физической культуры и спорта в Республике Казахстан, с учетом интересов социальной интеграции и улучшения благосостояния разных групп населения.
Mediating Role of Alexithymia in the Relationship of Eating Disorders With Body Image in Iranian College Students Using Structural Equation Modeling
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Nayeri Vahideh , Rahimi Mojtaba ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran., Rahmatinejad Parvin ,   Department of Psychology, Nekoei-Hedayati Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: Various studies have emphasized the main role of alexithymia and poor in eating disorders. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of alexithymia in predicting eating disorders based on body image in Iranian college students. Methods: This is a descriptive-correlational study using structural equation modeling (SEM). Participants were 369 students of the Islamic Azad University of Qom Branch in 2020-2021, who were selected by a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the eating attitude test, body image concern inventory, and Toronto alexithymia scale. Data were analyzed by path analysis. Results: The results showed that alexithymia increases the path between body image and eating disorders by 14% (β=0.140), indicating its minor mediating role in predicting eating disorders based on body image. Conclusion: Alexithymia has a minor mediating role in the relationship between eating disorders and body image in Iranian college students. For more understanding of the relationship between eating disorders and body image, it is recommended to assess the possible role of other biological and psychological factors.
Relationship between Perceived Stress and Psychological Capital in Nursing and Midwifery Students in Ahvaz, Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran., Salehi Shaghayegh , Leylatan Negar ,   Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran., Ahmadi Mehrnaz ,   Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic led to mental health problems in people, including nursing students. People use different coping strategies when faced with unprecedented stress. This study aims to determine the relationship between perceived stress and psychological capital components (hope, optimism, resilience, self-efficacy) in nursing and Midwifery students in Ahvaz, Iran, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive-correlational study that was conducted on 178 third- and fourth-year undergraduate nursing and Midwifery students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, who were selected using a census method. The data were collected from May to July 2022 online using a demographic checklist, Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale 14-item, and Luthans’s Psychological Capital Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation test, and multiple linear regression analysis in SPSS software, version 22. Results: A significant and negative correlation was found between perceived stress and psychological capital components (r=-0.5, P<0.001). Regression models showed that optimism (β=-0.36, P<0.001), self-efficacy (β=-0.30, P=0.001), visiting a psychologist (β=-0.17, P=0.005), and resilience (P=0.043, β=0.16) were the predictors of perceived stress in nursing students. These factors were able to predict 32% of the changes in the perceived stress variable. Conclusion: There is a negative relationship between psychological capital and perceived stress in nursing students. It is recommended to make appropriate plans to improve the psychological capital of these students to prevent and control their stress during the pandemic.
Evaluation of Rosmarinic Acid Attenuation Effect on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Swiss-type Mice Affected With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatiti
Authors:   Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Komeili-Movahhed Tahereh , Heidari Fatemeh ,   Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Moslehi Azam ,   Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a severe liver disease characterized by excess lipid accumulation (steatosis) and inflammation in the liver. Endoplasmic reticulum stress is considered one of the crucial factors in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis pathophysiology. Rosmarinic acid is a herbal medicine with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of rosmarinic acid on reducing the endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in male Swiss-type mice. Methods: The study animals were grouped into four: Saline, rosmarinic acid, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-rosmarinic acid. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis was induced by a diet without methionine-choline for 8 weeks, and rosmarinic acid was injected intraperitoneally daily for 8 weeks in mice. After 8 weeks, the animals were killed, and their liver samples were obtained. Real-time PCR was used for molecular studies. Data analyses were performed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test. Results: Findings of this study showed that rosmarinic acid alleviated mRNA levels of GRP78, IRE-1, and PERK while increasing the Apo B expression. Conclusion: The results suggest that rosmarinic acid ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum stress parameters, upregulates Apo B expression as a key factor in triglyceride exit from the liver, and thereby improves nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in male Swiss-type mice.
Beziehung auf Bewährung?!
Authors: Baldsiefen Anna Merle
Published: October 2024

Das Ziel einer Bewährungsunterstellung ist das straffreie Leben der verurteilten Person. Oftmals wird das Soziale Netzwerk zu einer entscheidenden Stellschraube bei der Strafaussetzung. In die sozialpädagogische Arbeit der Bewährungshilfe wird es vielfach (un-)mittelbar miteinbezogen. Ob und welche (nicht-)intendierten Folgen sich aus der Sozialen Hilfe für die sozialen Beziehungen der Adressat*innen ergeben, wird in dem Buch empirisch beleuchtet. Dabei rücken insbesondere Paarbeziehungen und das Verhältnis zwischen Fachkraft und Adressat*in in den Fokus.
Die (Ent-)Gliederung des deutschen Schulsystems zwischen 1992 und 2020 in Zahlen
Authors: Steinmann Isa , Strietholt Rolf
Published: October 2024

Diese Studie zeichnet Schulstrukturveränderungen in der Sekundarstufe I in den 16 Bundesländern und für Deutschland als Ganzes anhand von Daten der Bundesschulstatistik und amtlichen Berichten zwischen 1992 und 2020 nach. In welchem Ausmaß haben sich der Anteil von Schulen mit mehr als einem Bildungsgang und der Anteil an Schüler/-innen an diesen Schulen über die Zeit erhöht? Die Ergebnisse der Zeitreihenanalysen belegen, dass die meisten Bundesländer Entgliederungstrends zeigten, andere langbestehende gliederungsarme Strukturen und wieder andere eine Stagnation auf hohem Gliederungsniveau. Über die Bundesländer hinweg besuchten 62% der Schüler/-innen im Jahr 2020 nach wie vor Schulformen mit nur einem Bildungsgang, also entweder Hauptschulen, Realschulen oder Gymnasien. Im Vergleich mit der 1992er Gliederungsquote von 76% stellt dies einen eher geringen deutschlandweiten Rückgang von Schüler/-innen an traditionell gegliederten Schulen dar. Die Befunde werden insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund begrifflicher Heterogenität diskutiert.
Thinning of Balti Script : Way Forward to Balti OCR
Authors: Dil Nawaz Hakro  , Abdul Majid  , Muhammad Nadeem  , Mashooq Ali Mahar  , Qinbo  , Dilawar Khan  , Saba Brahmani
Published: October 2024

Natural language is one of the applications of Artificial Intelligence, which trains machines to do the jobs in human language. OCR is one of the fields where the writing efforts are omitted and text images are converted into editable text. An OCR may have post and preprocessing to enhance the text image more suitable for the rest of the OCR process. Thinning is the preprocessing approach in which the characters, words and text is thinned to its one-pixel skeleton. Much of the work has been done in the various languages of the world as well as Pakistani languages. The work on Balti OCR is nonexistent. In this study, a thinning algorithm is proposed for the Balti language, a language spoken in the northern areas of Pakistan and India. Many of the Balti images were tested with the proposed algorithm and the proposed system produced accurate results by giving a one pixel skeleton of input image. The proposed algorithm tested with hundreds of Balti language images and selected results are presented in this paper. The current research has many directions including the way forward to building Balti OCR, Balti ICR (both segmentation based and segmentation free).
Clinical Analysis of Improved Lateral Approach Lesion Clearance, Autologous Iliac Bone Interbody Fusion, and Posterior Internal Fixation for Lumbar Tuberculosis
Authors: Ye Hui , Chen Qiongjie
Published: October 2024

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of improved lateral approach lesion clearance, autologous iliac bone interbody fusion, and posterior internal fixation for treating lumbar tuberculosis. Methods: Thirty lumbar tuberculosis patients enrolled from January 2022 to June 2023 were selected and divided into two groups based on the surgical method. The control group (15 cases) underwent traditional posterior open lesion clearance and conventional lumbar posterior reconstruction surgery. The observation group (15 cases) received improved lateral approach lesion clearance, autologous iliac bone interbody fusion, and posterior internal fixation. Comparisons were made on surgical conditions, time to ambulation after surgery, complication rates, laboratory test results, ASIA scores, VAS scores, ODI index, and cure rates. Results: The observation group had superior surgical outcomes compared to the control group, with shorter time to ambulation after surgery (P < 0.05). The complication rate in the observation group was lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). Laboratory test results post-surgery were better in the observation group (P < 0.05). ASIA scores were higher in the observation group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in VAS scores and ODI index between the two groups (P > 0.05). The cure rate was higher in the observation group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Improved lateral approach lesion clearance, autologous iliac bone interbody fusion, and posterior internal fixation for lumbar tuberculosis resulted in a smooth surgical process, faster recovery, and better safety. This method improved laboratory results, neurological function, and cure rates.
Effects of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Combined with Emergency PCI in Resuscitating Acute Myocardial Infarction-Related Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Wang Xiaoning , Sun Jia'an , Liu Chang
Published: October 2024

Objective:To analyze resuscitation strategies for cardiac arrest following acute myocardial infarction, focusing on the treatment effects of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) combined with emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: From January 2023 to June 2024, 100 cases of cardiac arrest following acute myocardial infarction were included and randomly divided into two groups: the control group (50 cases) received conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) combined with emergency PCI, while the observation group (50 cases) received ECMO combined with emergency PCI. The resuscitation effects, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) rate, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, vital signs, and complication rates were compared between the two groups. Results: The observation group had a survival rate of 90.00% and ROSC rate of 94.00%, which were higher than the control group's 70.00% and 76.00% (P < 0.05). The GCS scores on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3 were higher in the observation group (P < 0.05). The heart rate on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3 was lower in the observation group (P < 0.05), while the mean arterial pressure was higher (P < 0.05). The complication rate was lower in the observation group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of ECMO and emergency PCI for cardiac arrest following acute myocardial infarction significantly improves survival rates and ROSC rates, enhances consciousness levels and vital signs, and reduces complications.
Understanding Physician Grief: Insights from Breast Cancer Care
Authors: Ziaei Seyedeh Golnaz , Tahmasebi Mamak
Published: October 2024

N/A
Potential of Serum IL-6 as a Predictor of Tumоr Histоlоgiсаl Mаnifеstаtiоns in Prеmеnораusаl Brеаst Cаnсеr with Mеtаbоliс Sуndrоmе
Authors: Mirzaeva Matluba , Iriskulov Bakhtiyor , Alimkhodjaeva Lola
Published: October 2024

Bасkgrоunds: Аll оf thе еlеmеnts оf thе mеtаbоliс sуndrоmе(MS) саn аffесt thе dеvеlорmеnt оf brеаst саnсеr(BC) аnd its mаnifеstаtiоns thrоugh diffеrеnt mесhаnisms. This studу аims tо еvаluаtе thе mаnifеstаtiоn оf раthоmоrрhоlоgiсаl fеаturеs оf саnсеr in BC wоmеn with MS аnd еvаluаtе relationship between serum level of  IL-6 and  hystological characteristics of tumor in BC.
Mеthоds: Thе рrеsеnt cross sectional studу inсludеd 55 раtiеnts with а diаgnоsis оf рrеmеnораusаl BC in thе Dераrtmеnt оf Brеаst Саnсеr, Rерubliсаn Cancer Сеntеr of Uzbеkistаn, frоm Осtоbеr 2022 tо Nоvеmbеr 2023. Wе dеtеrminеd thе еffесt оf MS to сliniсораthоlоgiсаl fеаturеs оf brеаst саnсеr. We determined serum level of IL-6 with method of IFA.
Rеsults: 31 patients(56.36%) were with MS, аnd 24(43.63%) wеrе withоut MS of all BC patients. Thе rеsults оf оur studу suggеst thаt MS mау аffесt thе histоlоgiсаl mаnifеstаtiоns оf BC in рrеmеnораusаl wоmеn. Sеrum IL-6 lеvеls in рrеmеnораusаl BС wоmеn with MS аrе роsitivеlу соrrеlаtеd with сlаssiс сliniсораthоlоgiсаl раrаmеtеrs indiсаtivе оf саnсеr-аggrеssivе рhеnоtуре.
Соnсlusiоn: Thеrе is а signifiсаnt соrrеlаtiоn bеtwееn thе рrеsеnсе оf MS аnd рrеmеnораusаl BC. Sеrum lеvеl of IL-6 саn bе аn indереndеnt indiсаtоr in еvаluаting сliniсаl and раthоmоrрhоlоgiсаl fеаturеs оf thе disеаsе in wоmеn with MS.
Association between Radiological and First-Order Statistical Features of the Mammogram, and the Tumor Phenotype in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Mahdavi Hoda , Kaveh Vahid , Karami Fatemeh , Rahimi Mohammad Amin
Published: October 2024

Background: Breast cancer is among the most prevalent cancers which can effectively be screened by mammography. The spatial distribution of grey levels of the mammogram known as first-order statistical features (FOSFs) contain higher dimensional data which describe the breast composition. We aim to test these basic measures to differentiate density categories in breast cancer patients, and use them as covariates to investigate the relationship between radiologic and pathologic features of the tumor.
Methods: Data from Eighty-five breast cancer subjects, their BI-RADS breast density category (a to d), percentage density (PD), and FOSFs of the mammogram including median, mean, interquartile range, kurtosis, maximum, minimum, standard deviation, skewness, and energy, were extracted. The tumor grade and the percentage of Ki67, ER, PR, and Her2 status were recorded.  A linear discriminant analysis, and a support vector machine (SVM) were used to discriminate each density category from others. Then, the relation between variables were investigated using ANCOVA and regression analysis.
Results: Density categories a and d were classified by SVM with high accuracy. The key feature of a and d were interquartile range and maximum intensities respectively. Reported tumor margins were related to Her2 overexpression and PR positivity. Spiculated tumor margin predicted percentage of PR expression, with a cumulative odds ratio of 7.85 (CI 2.5- 24.78), when adjusted for age, area of breast, density, and FOSFs, (p=0.0004).
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that FOSFs can be incorporated in computer-aided systems to adjust for differences in breast composition and to refine risk profiles.
Expression of CD44 in Triple Negative Breast Cancer and its Correlation with Prognostic Parameters
Authors: Punhani Pallavi , Ahluwalia Charanjeet , Agrawal Meetu , Kandwal Preeti
Published: October 2024

Background: The study aims to evaluate CD44 expression as a cancer stem cell marker in Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its correlation with prognostic parameters. Evaluation of CD44 immunoexpression in TNBC is vital for understanding tumour aggressiveness and determining its prognostic value.
Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study of 50 cases of primary triple negative breast cancer patients. The tissue sections were subjected to immunohistochemical examination using CD44 antigen marker. The proportion and intensity of CD44 immunostaining was assessed and correlation with prognostic markers such as histological grade, tumor size and nodal status.
Results: CD44 expression was observed in 40% of the total cases with a statistically significant association with histological grade (p-value= 0.002). Higher CD44 expression was noticed with increasing tumour grade. However, no statistical significance was observed with respect to tumour size and nodal status.
Conclusion: The study suggests that CD44 immunoexpression may serve as a surrogate marker of BCSCs and may hold prognostic value in TNBC patients. However, further studies on larger samples are required to fully understand its role.
The Association of Mammographic Breast Density and Breast Cancer Biology Among Breast Cancer Women in Jordan
Authors: Al-Balas Hamzeh , AL-Balas Mahmoud , Herz Allah Shatha , Qudsi Azmi , Ramadan Moh'd Shafiq , Al Tawil Ghadeer , Baydoun Haneen
Published: October 2024

Background: A breast mammogram is considered the gold standard modality for breast cancer screening. The sensitivity of breast mammograms is highly linked to mammographic breast density (MBD) which is strongly linked to women's age, ethnicity, and other factors.  Higher breast density is considered one of the risk factors for breast cancer development and it can be associated with different pathological and biological features of breast cancer.
Methods: This is a retrospective review of 97 women with a diagnosis of breast cancer in a tertiary hospital in Jordan who were diagnosed in the period between 2018 and 2020. We compared patients with a positive status for estrogen (ER) or progesterone (PR) receptors (ER+/PR+) and others with negative receptors (ER-/PR-), in terms of their correlation with MBD.
Results: The analysis has included 97 patients. Of which, 87.6% had either a PR+ or an ER+, and 38.1% of patients were positive for HER2/neu protein. The sample mean age was 56.4 and most patients were obese (56.7%). MBD of our cohort was 30.9% (30/97) fatty, 29.9% (29/97) scattered, 23.7% (23/97) heterogeneously dense, and 15.5% (15/97) dense. The ER+/PR+ group was more associated with fatty (35.3% vs 0.0%) and scattered (31.8% vs 25.0%) MBD types than the ER-/PR- group, and less associated with the dense type (9.4% vs 58.3%), and the association was statistically significant (P < 0.001). However, no statistically significant correlation was found between MBD and the HER2/neu protein status.
Conclusion: According to our results, ER+/PR+ group patients tend to have fatty and scattered MBD types than the ER-/PR- patients. Larger randomized cohorts should investigate the association between breast cancer biological subtypes and MBD.
Evaluating Biomarker Dynamics in Breast Cancer Post-Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: G Kiruthikasri , Khan Adil Aziz , Zaheer Samreen , Ahuja Sana , Zaheer Sufian
Published: October 2024

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is integral to breast cancer management, yet its influence on biomarkers, notably androgen receptor (AR), remains underexplored. This study examines post-NACT alterations in receptor status, including ER, PR  AR, HER2 and Ki67 index in breast cancer patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional study, spanning three years at a tertiary care center, enrolled patients with invasive breast cancer undergoing mastectomy post-NACT. Pre- and post-NACT specimens underwent histological grading and immunohistochemistry for hormone status, HER2 status, and Ki67 index. Discordance between pre- and post-NACT receptor statuses and expression levels of biomarkers was assessed using McNemar’s and Wilcoxon signed rank tests respectively.
Results: Among 100 patients, 35 were assessed. Mean age was 43.83 years, with prevalent T1 tumors (34.3%) and N1 nodal involvement (37.1%). Post-NACT, 54.2% showed no histological grade change. Notable alterations included changes in ER (14.2%), PR (14.2%), and HER2 status (8.57%). AR expression showed a significant change following NACT (p=0.03), while ER expression exhibited a trend towards significance (p=0.06). Ki67 index decreased in only 5.7% of cases.
Conclusion: This study unveils intricate biomarker dynamics following NACT in breast cancer, with particular emphasis on AR, hitherto not evaluated. Larger investigations are imperative to elucidate clinical implications and tailor treatment strategies for breast cancer patients undergoing NACT.
Effects of Lupeol on Estrogen and Androgen Receptor-Positive Breast and Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Nezami Majd Mahdieh , Alizadeh Arash , Zadeh Hashem Elham
Published: October 2024

Background: Different reports have shown that prostate and breast cancers are the most common cancers worldwide. Lupeol, a dietary triterpene, provides various beneficial effects including anti-cancer properties. The current study aims to investigate the anti-proliferative and antioxidant effects of lupeol, in line with the effects of lupeol on the expression of estrogen and androgen receptors in breast (MCF-7) and prostate (LNCaP) cancer cell lines.
Methods: MCF-7 and LNCaP cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of the lupeol (1, 10, and 100 µM) for 24h. The cytotoxicity of the lupeol was assessed by MTT and Neutral Red assays. Moreover, TAC (total antioxidant capacity), and gene expression of androgen and estrogen receptors were measured by spectrophotometric and qPCR methods, respectively. Overall, 17 beta-estradiol (E2) (9 nM) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (5 µM) were selected as positive controls.
Results: The highest concentration of the lupeol induced cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 and LNCaP cells. Various levels of lupeol at specified time intervals increased TAC levels in comparison with the control group. Moreover, the expression levels of estrogen receptors (α and β) and androgen receptors were negatively affected by lupeol.
Conclusion: The findings of our study indicate that lupeol could serve as a promising, and accessible multi-functional anti-tumor agent against hormone-positive breast and prostate cancers.
Tuberculous Pleurisy in a Patient with a History of Breast Cancer: Diagnostic Challenges and Management Options
Authors: Imankulova Asel , Uulu Melis Sholpanbai , Mamytova Elmira , Monolov Nurbek , Tagaev Tugolbai
Published: October 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and cancer are increasingly prevalent diseases that can be challenging to diagnose due to similarities in clinical and radiological findings. This case report describes a 46-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer who developed tuberculous pleurisy (TP). 
Case presentation: A 46-year-old woman who underwent mastectomy and chemotherapy for BC in 2023 had hypertension, but no history of TB. The patient presented with dry cough, fever, and stomach discomfort, with an oxygen saturation level of 60%, but no respiratory distress before their appointment. Microscopy and culture tests were negative for Mycobacterium TB, A positive result was observed with an IFN-γ level of 0.35 IU/ml and 26% of the negative control after TB antigen stimulation. Histological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin staining showed Langhans giant cells, epithelioid cell granulomas, caseous necrosis, and necrotic foci. These findings indicate granulomatous inflammation with no signs of malignancy. Following the diagnosis, the patient received a daily dose of 300 mg isoniazid, 600 mg rifampin, 1500 mg pyrazinamide, and 10 mg pyridoxine for six months without any adverse effects.
Conclusion: Physicians must employ a combination of diagnostic techniques, including morphological and microbiological confirmation, to accurately diagnose pleural effusion in this patient population.
RISK BEHAVIOR, HEALTH PROMOTION, AND HYPERTENSION IN PRODUCTIVE COMMUNITIES IN THE UPTD TAPOS DEPOK AREA
Authors: Nina Nina , Rachma Pramudita Widya , Fathan Fadhillah , Hera Ramadhani Alicia , Aranda Rizky , Blandin Laleda Miranti , Gian Purnama Muhammad
Published: October 2024

In 2021 at the Tapos Health Center, out of 9,352 hypertensive patients aged ≥ 15 years, only 1,547 people (16.5%) received standard services. This problem is a serious health challenge because hypertension contributes to the high mortality rate in the region. The purpose of this study is to identify the problem and its causes and provide alternatives to the existing problem. The research design used for this study is descriptive analytical. This research aims to identify problems and their causes and provide alternatives to existing problems. Data collection and observation were carried out offline  and then the data was processed using the Matrix Criteria Method. The results obtained for the problem that is the top priority is the low public interest in health promotion. Therefore, alternative problem solving is needed that can increase public interest in participating in health promotion. As a solution, planning sustainable health programs related to hypertension is a top priority to increase public awareness and participation in hypertension prevention. The program includes periodic health checks, counseling, and joint sports activities. It is hoped that through this program, it can overcome the low public interest in health promotion and ultimately help reduce the risk of hypertension and improve overall public health.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND BEHAVIOR OF MOTHERS' HANDS WASHING WITH SOAP WITH DIARRHEA AMONG CHILDREN UNDER FIVE
Authors: Suryani Dyah , Muplihah Siti , Suyitno Suyitno
Published: October 2024

Diarrhea is a prevalent health issue among infants, particularly between the ages of 6 months and 2 years, as well as in children under five. Various factors contribute to the occurrence of diarrhea in infants, one of which is the mother's handwashing behavior. This behavior can be influenced by several factors, including knowledge and attitudes. This study aims to explore the relationship between mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and handwashing behaviors with soap, and the incidence of diarrhea in infants in Dusun Kanoman and Dusun Dukuh, Banyuraden Village, Gamping Subdistrict, Sleman District, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. This cross-sectional study involved a population of mothers with children aged 0-24 months, with a total sample size of 72 respondents, selected through total sampling. The research instruments included questionnaires assessing knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and the occurrence of diarrhea. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results indicated no significant relationship between the level of knowledge of handwashing with soap and the occurrence of diarrhea (p-value = 0.218). Similarly, there was no significant relationship between mothers' attitudes towards handwashing with soap and the incidence of diarrhea (p-value = 0.821), nor between handwashing behavior and the occurrence of diarrhea (p-value = 0.644). The study concludes that there is no correlation between mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and handwashing behaviors with soap and the incidence of diarrhea in infants within the study population.
More than a Case of Mistaken Identity: Adult Entertainment and the Making of Early Sexology
Authors: Bull Sarah
Published: October 2024

Sexology emerged as a discipline during a period of keen concern about the social effects of sexually explicit media. In this context, sex researchers and their allies took pains to establish the respectability of their work, a process that often involved positioning sexual science in opposition to erotic literature and images. This article argues that this presentation of sexual science obfuscated sex researchers’ complex relationship with erotic print culture, which during the late 19th and early 20th centuries provided sexual scientists with access to explicit material that served as evidence for theories about human sexuality, facilitated transnational exchanges of sexual-scientific thought by bringing sex research across borders, and introduced sex research to wider audiences. Erotic print culture can thus be seen as one of several fields that contributed to the interdisciplinary development of sexology and facilitated the diffusion of sexual-scientific theories. Sex researchers’ shifting, often ambivalent relationship with erotic print and its producers emphasizes that while the boundaries of sexology were extremely porous, they were also heavily policed: Working to establish a modern, respectable new branch of science, sexual scientists reframed the output of other fields of enquiry as products of their own, blotted their reliance on these sources from the historical record, and denigrated them in public writing. 
Advances in Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy: Current Options and Emerging Novel Approaches
Authors: Alanazi Nasser S , Alrafiah Mohammed H
Published: October 2024

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a significant malignancy in men, contributing considerably to the rise in male mortality rates worldwide. Men diagnosed with PCa may have either localized or advanced stages of the disease. Globally, it ranks as the second most common and fifth most aggressive cancer type in males. The likelihood of developing prostate cancer in a man’s lifetime is approximately one in seven. Epidemiological research has linked various environmental and genetic factors to the abnormal growth of prostate cells, which leads to the formation of cancerous cells. Men experiencing a recurrence of prostate cancer or presenting with metastasis typically undergo androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), along with salvage radiotherapy and chemotherapy. While current treatment methods are more effective when used in combination, prostate cancer remains incurable. Research efforts are focused on exploring alternative treatments, including traditional medicine, nanotechnology applications, and gene therapy, to address drug resistance and mitigate the side effects associated with existing treatments. This article provides an overview the current treatment methods, and ongoing research into new treatment alternatives.
The impact of fintech on the efficiency of urban commercial banks in China-based on super slacks-based measures with undesirable output
Authors: Haoliang Wang , Yahya Mohamed Hisham Dato Haji , Rahim Norhuda Abdul
Published: October 2024

This study endeavours to elucidate the influence of financial technology (fintech) on the operational efficiency of urban commercial banks in China. By scrutinizing the integration of Internet-based fintech solutions, it seeks to illuminate their potential for streamlining banking processes, elevating customer experiences and augmenting the precision of credit assessments and lending decisions through sophisticated data analytics and risk management tools. This research evaluates the efficiency of Chinese urban commercial banks employing the Super Slacks-Based Measure (Super-SBM) which incorporates undesirable output. Furthermore, it leverages the System Generalized Method of Moments (System GMM) to investigate fintech’s specific impact on urban commercial bank efficiency across various Chinese regions. The findings underscore fintech’s pivotal role in catalyzing digital transformation within banks, thereby bolstering operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. Moreover, this study highlights the critical importance of fintech in fortifying risk management capabilities within the banking sector. The insights gleaned from this research contribute to the banking industry’s sustainable growth and competitive resilience. Additionally, the findings furnish policymakers with empirical evidence to support the strategic integration of fintech and the optimization of banking service processes.  Urban commercial banks can streamline operations, enhance customer experiences, refine credit assessments   and ultimately attain higher efficiency and long-term sustainability levels in the rapidly evolving financial landscape by harnessing the transformative potential of fintech.