bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru dalam Penggunaan Metode Pembelajaran melalui Supervisi Klinis di MI Negeri 12 Blitar Kabupaten Blitar Semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Susanti Rita
Published: February 2024

Kemampuan menggunakan berbagai metode secara variatif bagi Guru di Madrasah, merupakan hal yang sangat penting dikuasai seorang guru. Pada tahun-tahun sebelumnya guru menggunakan satu metode yang monoton sehingga minat pelaksanaan pembelajaran kurang menarik. Menurut peneliti kurangnya penguasaan materi dan penggunaan metode yang tepat dalam setiap materi dari guru akan mendatangkan problem dan permasalahan dalam proses belajar mengajar terkait penjaminan mutu penyelenggaraan pendidikan. Guru seharusnya meningkatkan kemampuan profesional, pengetahuan sikap dan keterampilannya secara terus menerus sesuai perkembangan ilmu dan teknologi. Guru sebagaimana diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Nomor 16 Tahun 2007 harus memenuhi 4 kompetensi diantaranya 1) kompetensi pedagogik 2) kompetensi kepribadian 3) kompetensi sosial dan 4) kompetensi profesional. Keempat kompetensi tersebut bertujuan agar guru bermutu terutama dalam merencanakan, menyajikan dan menilai proses belajar mengajar.yang pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di Indonesia. Untuk meningkatkan mutu tersebut salah satunya melalui peningkatan penguasaan dan penggunaan metode yang variatif di MI Negeri 12 Blitar Kab Blitar. Indikator keberhasilan dalam penelitian tindakan di lembaga MI Negeri 12 Blitar ini adalah apabila kemampuan guru dalam menggunakan bermacam-macam metode yang disesuaikan dengan materi pembelajaran di kelas IV, V, dan VI mengalami peningkatan kinerja dan pemahaman prosedur melalui penggunaan metode supervisi klinis. Penelitian Tindakan ini dilakukan terhadap 6 orang guru dan waktu pelaksanaan pada tanggal 15 Oktober sampai 10 Nopember 2022. Dalam penelitian tindakan di MI Negeri 12 Blitar dilaksanakan 2 siklus. Pada setiap siklus dilaksanakan dengan prosedur perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Setiap siklus terdiri dari 2 kali pertemuan dan setiap pertemuan selama 4 jam pelajaran (200 menit). Hasil penelitian terjadi peningkatan kinerja dan pemahaman guru dalam menentukan dan menggunakan metode yang tepat dalam pembelajaran dari siklus I ke siklus II. Ketercapaian indikator kinerja terdapat pada tindakan II. Simpulan penelitian tindakan di MI Negeri 12 Blitar ini adalah dengan melalui penggunaan metode supervisi klinis dapat meningkatkan kinerja guru dalam penggunaan metode pembelajaran pada Guru MI Negeri 12 Blitar Kab Blitar.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Siswa Melakukan Komunikasi Berbahasa Inggris melalui Kegiatan Question and Answer Discussion pada Pembelajaran Kelas XI IPS 2 Semester I SMA Negeri 1 Kasiman Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Mujiono Mujiono
Published: February 2024

Guru pasti dapat menjelaskan sebuah meteri kepada anak didiknya dengan lancar dan mudah dipahami oleh semua anak, bila pengajar mempunyai metode-metode yang baik. Beberapa metode tersebut diantaranya adalah keantusias para pengajar dalam menyampaikan materi dan persiapan materi yang akan diajarkan, pengajar seharusnya mempersiapkan materi terlebih dahulu yang akan diajarkan esok. Salah satu yang menjadi permasalahan pengajaran Bahasa Inggris adalah, guru dalam menyampaikan pengajarannya kepada anak, tidak mempersiapkan diri untuk menyampaikan materi, mungkin mereka merasa sudah tahu dan siap untuk mengajar anak didiknya. Tetapi yang terjadi justru sebaliknya, guru tidak dapat menjelaskan materi secara gamblang dan jelas, dan sulit dipahami oleh siswa. Permasalahan yang lainnya adalah kurangnya fasilitas-fasilitas yang memadai. Di sekolah-sekolah desa yang kebanyakan siswa adalah kurang mampu. Mereka kesulitan untuk membeli buku panduan, walau buku tersebut sebagai acuan mengajar. Tetapi alangkah baiknya buku tersebut dapat digunakan untuk membantu belajar dan memperbanyak latihan siswa. Sehingga semakin banyak mengerjakan soal-soal latihan, siswa semakain paham tentang aturan-aturan Bahasa Inggris, misalnya grammar dan macam-macam tenses. Fasilitas lainnya adalah alat model pembelajaran. Ketidakmampuan sekolah untuk membeli model alat pembelajaran yang dapat membantu siswa belajar Bahasa Inggris agar lebih mudah. Yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah tujuan yang utamanya dalam penelitian untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah efektivitas penerapan metode diskusi dan tanya jawab pada pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa melakukan komunikasi berbahasa Inggris Kelas XI IPS 2 Semester I SMA Negeri 1 Kasiman Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023.

Penerapan metode diskusi dan tanya jawab pada pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris mampu meningkatkan kemampuan melakukan komunikasi berbahasa Inggris siswa kelas XI IPS 2 Semester I SMA Negeri 1 Kasiman Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023. Nilai hasil belajar rata-rata siswa Kelas XI IPS 2 SMA Negeri 1 Kasiman yang diajar dengan Metode Diskusi dan tanya jawab selalu mengalami peningkatan pada tiap siklusnya karena siswa makin memahami materi Bahasa Inggris pokok bahasan Can Greed Ever Be Satisfied?. Berdasarkan data, didapat nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa adalah 59 sebelum siklus, yang diajar dengan Metode Diskusi dan tanya jawab adalah 67 pada siklus I, dan menjadi 74 pada siklus II, dan setelah akhir pembelajaran pada siklus III didapatkan peningkatan nilai rata-rata sebesar 81.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Diagnosis Sistem Kelistrikan Kendaraan dengan Menggunakan Trainer Kit Kelistrikan Otomotif Berbasis Internet Of Things pada Siswa Kelas XII TKRO 4 SMKN 1 Blitar TA 2022/2023
Authors: Wayan Dodik
Published: February 2024

Pembelajaran yang bertujuan untuk mencapai level kompetensi mendiagnosis dan memperbaiki harus didukung alat praktikum yang mampu menyajikan permasalahan konkrit dan kompleks, menggiring peserta didik bekerja sesuai SOP, namun diperlukan waktu pengoperasian alat yang relatif singkat. Salah satu solusinya adalah memaksimalkan alat praktikum kelistrikan atau unit mobil praktik dengan menambahkan fungsi simulasi kerusakan menggunakan alat tambahan. Melihat kebutuhan tersebut, peneliti membuat trainer kit berbasis Internet of Things. Alat ini dirancang menggunakan hardware dan software dari teknologi open source sehingga diperoleh harga komponen murah, aplikasi pendukung gratis, serta mudah didapat dan dikembangkan. Trainer kit ini mampu menyediakan hingga 10 titik kerusakan kompleks untuk satu sistem kelistrikan, yang dapat diberikan guru untuk dipecahkan oleh peserta didik. Cara kerja alat ini mampu menggiring peserta didik bekerja sesuai SOP, berliterasi, berpikir kritis, kreatif, berkolaborasi, berkomunikasi, serta memerlukan waktu pengoperasian yang singkat. Adapun rumusan masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah : (1) Bagaimana penggunaan alat praktikum trainer kit berbasis internet of things untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar diagnosis sistem kelistrikan kendaraan pada siswa kelas XII TKRO 4 SMKN 1 Blitar TA 2022/2023?, (2) Bagaimana peningkatkan hasil belajar diagnosis sistem kelistrikan kendaraan pada siswa kelas XII TKRO 4 SMKN 1 Blitar TA 2022/2023?. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran menggunakan trainer kit berbasis internet of things berjalan baik sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Nilai pelaksanaan pembelajaran pada siklus I adalah 77,78 (predikat cukup), jadi belum mencapai indikator kinerja. Pada siklus II memperoleh nilai 88,89 (predikat baik), sudah mencapai indikator kinerja.
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Menerapkan Fungsi Peripheral dan Instalasi Pc Materi Mengidentifikasi Macam-Macam Peripheral dan Fungsinya melalui Metode Information Search pada Siswa Kelas X TKJ 2 SMK Negeri 1 Suruh
Authors: Wijaya Agus
Published: February 2024

Nilai yang diperoleh digunakan untuk menentukan jenis periferal dan fungsinya. Ini adalah topik yang pernah diuji di SMK Negeri 1. Hasil menunjukkan ketuntasan belajar siswa 31,43%, yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, termasuk tingkat kesulitan belajar siswa dan lingkungan belajar yang tidak mendukung. Pembelajaran informasi diterapkan. Beberapa sumber informasi termasuk buku paket, majalah, dan koran. Teknik pencarian informasi mirip dengan ujian buku terbuka, di mana guru mengajukan pertanyaan kepada siswa untuk membantu mereka menemukan lebih banyak informasi. Dalam penelitian ini, 35 siswa dari Kelas X TKJ 2 SMK Negeri 1 Suruh di Kabupaten Trenggalek terlibat, yang berada di Semester 2 Akademik 2014/2015. Siswa kesulitan menemukan cara menerapkan fitur periferal, menginstal sumber daya komputer, dan menemukan jenis periferal dan fungsinya.  Ini ditunjukkan oleh fakta bahwa nilai rata-rata siswa masih jauh di bawah KKM. Berdasarkan percakapan di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penelitian dua siklus dapat memberikan gambaran yang tidak bias tentang peningkatan prestasi belajar dengan menggunakan fitur periferal, menginstal bahan di komputer, dan menemukan jenis periferal dan fungsinya melalui teknik pencarian informasi, serta selalu melibatkan siswa untuk menunjukkan materi yang diajarkan.  Dengan demikian, prestasi belajar siswa kelas X TKJ 2 SMK Negeri 1 Suruh Kabupaten Trenggalek pada Semester 2 Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015 dapat ditingkatkan. Sementara nilai rata-rata siswa pada siklus I adalah 77,71, jumlah siswa yang tuntas meningkat dari 24 menjadi 35 pada siklus II. Tingkat ketuntasan pada siklus I adalah 68,57%, tetapi naik menjadi 100% pada siklus II dengan peningkatan 31,43%.
Penerapan Metode Cooperative Script Method dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Ekonomi tentang Kegiatan ekspor dan impor Pada Siswa Kelas IX-E Semester 1 SMP Negeri 4 Tulungagung Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Nugraheni Nugraheni
Published: February 2024

Hasil siswa ekonomi Kelas IX-E tidak memuaskan. Dari 36 siswa, hanya 13 yang berhasil mencapai KKM lebih dari 75, dan 23 siswa lainnya masih belum mencapai KKM kurang dari 69. Ini terjadi karena guru tidak menekankan ekspor dan impor dengan jelas; guru meninggalkan kelas setelah menyelesaikan tugas; guru tidak menggunakan strategi atau pendekatan yang dapat membantu siswa menjadi kreatif; dan siswa terus bermain sendiri di kelas. Untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal tentang kegiatan ekspor dan impor, pembelajaran kooperatif dengan metode script harus diperbaiki. Ini juga harus dilakukan agar tujuan pendidikan tercapai. Jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Studi ini melibatkan siswa dari Kelas IX hingga E. Peneliti bertindak sebagai guru di kelas, mitra peneliti, dan pengamat ekspor dan impor. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa metode skrip kolaboratif memiliki standar keberhasilan yang tinggi untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi kegiatan ekspor dan impor di Kelas IX-E SMP Negeri 4 Tulungagung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai post-test siswa telah meningkat di setiap siklus. Nilai mereka bahkan melampaui KKM, mencapai 72,2% pada siklus I dan 88,9% pada siklus II. Akibatnya, siswa Kelas IX-E SMP memiliki hasil belajar yang positif.
Penerapan Metode Drill dalam Upaya Peningkatan Prestasi belajar Penjaskes yang Memuat Lompat Jauh pada Siswa Kelas IX-G Semester 1 SMP Negeri 1 Boyolangu Tulungagung Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Ibawanto Hendro
Published: February 2024

Hasil belajar siswa di Kelas IX-G selama pembelajaran Penjaskes kurang memuaskan. Dari 31 siswa, hanya 7 yang berhasil mencapai KKM di atas 75, dan 24 siswa lainnya masih belum mencapai KKM di bawah 69. Ini terjadi karena guru tidak menekankan materi Lompat Jauh dengan jelas; guru meninggalkan ruangan setelah memberikan tugas kepada siswa; guru tidak menggunakan strategi atau pendekatan yang dapat membantu siswa menjadi kreatif; dan siswa terus bermain sendiri selama pelajaran. Siswa Kelas IX-G adalah subjek penelitian, dan peneliti bertindak sebagai guru (pengajar) dan mitra peneliti selama proses pembelajaran Lompat Jauh. Tujuan penggunaan Metode Drill adalah untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran dan meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal Lompat Jauh; nilai post-test setiap siklus yang melebihi KKM menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam hasil belajar siswa.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Deskripsi Menggunakan Metode Karyawisata Untuk Anak Tunagrahita Kelas VIII Di SLB Negeri Seduri Mojokerto
Authors: Sungkawati Sri
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) meningkatkan strategi pembelajaran menulis deskripsi; dan 2) menggunakan karyawisata untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis deskripsi anak tunagrahita kelas VIII di SLB Negeri Seduri di Mojokerto. Penelitian tindakan kelas, atau kerja sama, digunakan. Studi ini melibatkan sembilan siswa dari kelas VIII yang tidak memiliki nama. Model Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart digunakan untuk mendesain penelitian ini. Tiga metode pengumpulan data digunakan: tes, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Statistik deskriptif digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga bukti bahwa pembelajaran berjalan lebih baik: siswa lebih terlibat dan terlibat dalam proses pembelajaran, pelajaran menjadi lebih menarik dan menyenangkan, dan pembelajaran memiliki kualitas yang lebih baik. Siklus I mengalami peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 11,25, meningkatkan kondisi awal dari 58,75 menjadi 70, dan siklus II mengalami peningkatan sebesar 13,75, meningkatkan kondisi awal dari 70 menjadi 83,75. Peningkatan ini telah menghasilkan kemampuan untuk menulis deskripsi anak tunagrahita.
A Indonesia Darurat Narkoba Upaya Pencegahan Di Kalangan Remaja
Authors: Afidah Nuril Nuril
Published: February 2024

Artikel Indonesia Darurat Narkoba disusun oleh mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar
ABOUT THE PAST IN A NEW WAY: THE NOVEL BY ALEXEY IVANOV “ARMOROSED STEAMERS”
Authors: Kolobaeva L.
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the article is to clarify the creative novelty of the novel by Alexei Ivanov. It lies in depicting the “absurdity of the civil war”, as well as in emphasizing the importance of the individual principle in the choice of a historical path.
EVGENY ZAMYATIN - THE GENRE OF ANTI-UTOPIA
Authors: Stefanov Orlin
Published: February 2024

In his novel “We,” the renowned Russian writer Evgeny Zamyatin establishes a new direction in world literature - the genre of anti-utopia. Among his stylistic predecessors are noted figures such as Gogol, Leskov, and Turgenev, regarded as classics of Russian literature, as well as Swift, Wells, and Anatole France. Conceptually, the theme resonates with Dostoevsky's Grand Inquisitor in “The Brothers Karamazov.” However, the impetus for the author's vision can be traced back to Thomas More's “Utopia,” where inhabitants wear identical uniforms. In an even more distant era, this aligns with the norms of Plato's “The Republic,” featuring censorship for Homer, whose works are reduced to hymns praising the gods. Striking parallels can be drawn with Thomas Campanella's “The City of the Sun” and Jean-Jacques Rousseau's doctrine of maintaining equality through coercion.Zamyatin's anti-utopia rejects idealised depictions, such as Vera Pavlovna's Fourth Dream in Chernyshevsky's “What Is to Be Done.” the fate of D-503 illustrates how the individual transforms into an object subject to manipulation in the name of exalted “reason,” while in essence, it serves to solidify alienated authority.
M. SHISHKIN’S NOVEL «THE LETTER BOOK»: ARTISTIC MODELS OF LIFE PERCEPTION
Authors: Krotova D. , Xi Deng
Published: February 2024

The article discloses and reveals two ontologically opposite models of life perception, embodied in M. Shishkin’s novel «The Letter Book»: a life paradigm based on a sense of peace, and a worldview model of crisis. At the same time, in the fate trajectory of one character two contrasting ways of perceiving of being can be combined, replace each other at different stages. The essence of the state of peace boils down to non-resistance, reconciliation with oneself and others, to harmony and, as a result, to self-realization. The crisis perception of life is embodied mainly in the military episodes of the narrative: the war, with its senselessness, cruelty and hopelessness, is comprehended by Shishkin as a monstrous violation of existential laws. The article reveals an understanding of life as a stream of subjective impressions, among which a special place is given to the visual, auditory and tactile. The range of problems and style features of the novel are considered in the context of the new-modern literary trend.
LIEUTENANT PROSE: ON THE QUESTION OF INTEGRAL AND DIFFERENTIAL FEATURES
Authors: Krupchanov A.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of the so-called "lieutenant's prose" in Russian literature. The integral features of "lieutenant's prose" are the direct participation of its representatives in the Great Patriotic War, which gives the works their unique factual accuracy, anti-war pathos, the dominance of small genre forms, psychological realism as the principle of image, limited space, slowing down or accelerating time, marked front-line vocabulary. It is proposed to consider a double conflict as a differential feature, unfolding both along the line of "friends against enemies" and along the line of confrontation between "brothers in arms". Moreover, the 2nd conflict, the conflict between soviet soldiers & officers, in which the "trench truth" is opposed with special force to the "staff truth", becomes the key, and the author's position is manifested in defending the importance of the "trench truth" as the truth of a person who has borne the brunt of the war on his shoulders.
ON THE QUESTION OF THE SYMBOLISM OF THE VELD IN RUSSIAN PROSE OF THE FIRST THIRD OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE STORIES OF PLATONOV AND PRISHVIN)
Authors: Koltsova N.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study the features of “spatial form” in the stories of M. Prishvin and A. Platonov. The space itself acts as a hero in them, while the central character (or characters) are interesting to the author rather as a focus of perception. The shift of emphasis from a person to “thinking matter”, or “the substance of existence” (Platonov), predetermines a change in all levels of artistic structure - from the organization of the plot, which is relegated to the background or is completely absent, to types of psychologism, often taking the form of “anti-psychologism”. The “floating point of view” of Platonov’s later stories evokes associations with the cinematic technique of the wandering camera, or “subjective camera.” In Prishvin’s story, the effect of “depersonalization” is achieved by updating the traditional technique of duality: the black Arab is the shadow of the hero, declaring itself before the latter appears and remaining in the story (and in the desert world) after him. Despite the fact that national exoticism predominates in Prishvin’s story, it, introducing the reader to the world of oriental legends and culture in general, does not cancel the Russian “prehistory” of Prishvin’s method, prepared both by the traditions of Russian classical literature of the 19-th century and by the discoveries of neorealism of the 20-th century.
THE CONCEPTS OF “ANAGAMA BUDDHA” AND “CLAY MACHINE GUN” IN THE NOVEL «CHAPAEV AND VOID» BY V. PELEVIN IN THE VIEW OF ZEN BUDDHISM
Authors: Anping Gong
Published: February 2024

The philosophy of Zen Buddhism occupies a very important place in V. Pelevin’s prose. The novel «Chapaev and Void» is a Zen novel that tells the story of the enlightenment process of Peter the Void. Chapaev plays the role of a Zen master, imitating or creating koans to inspire Peter the Void. The original meaning of the word “koan” is a judicial document of the ancient Chinese government. Later, the term “koan” was borrowed from Zen Buddhism, and its content is usually a story about a Zen master, a dialogue between the master and his students, questions and hints from the master. The story of “Anagama Buddha” and the “clay machine gun” is the last koan of the novel. At the same time, Chapaev is the reincarnation of Anagama Buddha, whose pinky is a clay machine gun with the power to turn everything into nothingness. The article discusses the sources of the concepts of “Buddha Anagama” and “clay machine gun” and the role of the koan, composed of these concepts, in the implementation of the ideas of Zen Buddhism in the novel. There is no ideal prototype of Anagama; the clay machine gun is the sarira of Buddha Anagama, which is the result of Buddhist practice. The koan «Buddha Anagama and the Clay Machine Gun» was not only narrated, but also realized by Chapaev, which confirms Pelevin’s appeal to Zen Buddhism at different levels of the novel’s structure organization.
PRINCIPLE OF SIMPLICITY IN THE RUSSIAN DIASPORA LITERARY CRITICISM
Authors: Letaeva N.
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the principle of simplicity as an artistic category of Paris School works of Russian Literature. The understanding of the simplicity principle by Russian Diaspora critics, and its significance, and aesthetics in the writer's work are analyzed. It is noted that the principle of simplicity has actualized the question about a new aesthetic ideal of the writer's work.
AKSAKOLOGY IN THE PRACTICE OF LITERARY CRITICISM OF THE XX-XXI CENTURIES
Authors: Grebenshchikov Yu.
Published: February 2024

The article highlights the history of aksakology of the XX-XXI centuries. The beginning of scientific practice is associated with the name of S.I. Mashinsky and his monograph on the work of S.T. Aksakov. The research of E.L. Voitolovskaya, O.N. Belokopytova, A.V. Chicherin became the most systematic research of the 1950s - 1970s. It is shown that the main vectors of aksakology, since the 1980s, were set in the works of E.I. Annenkova, V.A. Koshelev, Yu.V. Mann. The efforts of Ufa linguists and literary critics, as well as participants of the Samara conferences of 2017 and 2020, were particularly noted. The monograph by V.E. Ugryumov and the developments on poetics made in recent years by A.A. Churkin are considered significant at the present stage.
THE THEME OF HISTORY IN CHILDREN'S LITERATURE OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY: THE PRINCIPLES OF THE EMBODIMENT OF ARTISTIC MATERIAL
Authors: Oktyabrskaya O.
Published: February 2024

The article traces the ways of development and realization of historical prose in Russian children's literature from its very origins in the XIX century to modern literature of the XXI century. The types of narrative, genre diversity and thematic and problematic variability of works on a historical theme are analyzed. In addition, the author's strategies of writers who turn to the narrative of the past are investigated.
THE TYPOLOGY OF CHARACTERS IN G.M. TSYFEROV’S PHILOSOPHICAL FAIRY TALES
Authors: Domashneva V.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the typology of characters in G.M. Tsyferov’s philosophical fairy tales. Each character of a tale dedicated to the problems of being conveys certain philosophical attitudes that are revealed in the process of their communication. It determines the necessity to identify the main types of such characters and the corresponding ideological and value dominants. G. Tsyferov's system of characters is built on the basis of binary oppositions (big - small, dreamer - pragmatist, altruist - egoist), the elements of which are considered in terms of ethics and axiology and, in combination with each other, form a number of stable psychological types. Motive and stylistic analysis confirms that turning to this principle of image creation corresponds to the psychological perception capabilities of a young addressee and also allows the author to reveal the most significant aspects of self-identification and self-realization in a moral context. It is concluded that the idea of universalism becomes the most important one in Tsyferov’s philosophical fairy tales. The study of different situations of interaction between an individual, the world and society, on the one hand, proves the existence of universal deep similarity and, on the other hand, affirms the beauty of diversity, the ability of opposites to complement each other, which together determines a harmonious unity of the universe.
DANISH CHILDREN’S LITERATURE IN RUSSIAN TRANSLATIONS: HISTORY AND TRENDS
Authors: Orlova G.
Published: February 2024

The paper examines the history of Danish children’s literature translation into and publication in Russian from the middle of the 19th century to the present day. The article considers literary and extraliterary reasons for the fluctuations in the readers’ and publishers’ interest in Scandinavian literature throughout the history of literary contacts between Russia and Denmark. The work analyses contemporary publishing trends and the book market participants’ motivations when selecting Danish authors and books for translation into Russian.
AT THE CROSSROADS: RUSSIAN RECEPTION «RIVERS WITHOUT BORE» BY HANS HENNY JAHNN
Authors: Burovtseva N.
Published: February 2024

The novel by the German writer Hans Henny Jahnn “River without Banks” («Flufi ohne Ufer», 1935-1945) was published in Russian translation (by T.A. Baskakova) in 2013-2021. The significance of this event is comparable to the Russian publications of Marcel Proust, Joyce and Kafka. The subject of this article is the first reaction of the reading community (including critics and writers) to the publication of the novel by H.H. Jahnn.
COMICS AND LITERATURE: THE HISTORY OF FRIENDSHIP
Authors: Zhuykova E.
Published: February 2024

The reputation of comics in Russia was seriously spoiled in the 90s, when they were viewed as a purely entertaining and mass form. But in fact, in the modern world, the graphic novel is becoming a completely serious genre: great artists are creating comics, scripts for them are written by Ph.D's, and they often touch on complex topics. Moreover, comics have a long history of relationship with literature (for example, in the 30s of the 20th century, during the first wave of emigration, Russian literary comics were valued throughout the world). And in the last decade, this line of interaction has only intensified: many graphic adaptations of classic literary works, comic book biographies of writers and poets are appearing, and descriptions of comic books are increasingly appearing in modern literature. The article will be devoted to the history of various forms of interaction between literature and comics.
SYNTHETIC TEXT: TO THE PROBLEM OF DIFFERENTIATION OF THE PHENOMENON OF SONG POETRY
Authors: Markov A.
Published: February 2024

The article treats the song text as a kind of synthetic text. The intermediate nature of the object of study gives rise to difficulties associated with the need for an interdisciplinary approach to its study. Author's and bard's song, rock poetry and rap poetry - these and adjacent types of combining music and text cannot be described and classified using the available tools. The interaction of music and text, the peculiarities of performance, the variability of song texts - all these complicates the research task. An attempt to resolve the terminological confusion that aroses almost simultaneously with the phenomenon of literary chant and accompanying the entire history of research, is being made. The option of differentiating song texts depending on the category of authorship is proposed. It also seems to be important to determine the degree of influence of third-party subtexts on meaning.
Metformin intake among geriatric patients may predispose to vitamin B12 deficiency: Polish population-based study
Authors: Kacperczyk Justyna , Perdyan Adrian , Kitala-Tańska Klaudia , Kania-Zimnicka Ewa , Osowiecka Karolina , Wyszatycki Mateusz , Stompór Małgorzata
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Vitamin B12 deficiency is becoming a major problem among geriatric population worldwide. It may contribute to higher prevalence of cognitive impairment and depression, and may occur as a side effect of commonly prescribed anti-diabetic and anti-acid treatments. However, the scale of this phenomenon in Poland remains unknown.

Aim

We investigated the scale of vitamin B12 deficiency across population of geriatric patients over 70 years old. Additionally, we examined the association between vitamin B12 deficiency, cognitive impairment or depression prevalence, and metformin or proton pump inhibitors intake.

Material and methods

Based on the measured vitamin B12 serum level, we divided patients into 3 groups: (1) normal (≥300 pg/mL); (2) borderline (191–300 pg/mL), and (3) low (≤191 pg/mL). The assessment of cognitive impairment or depression was performed by using 5 distinct tests (mini-mental state examination, abbreviated mental test score, clock drawing test, and 4-item or 15-item geriatric depression scale). For statistical analysis, we used χ2 and ANOVA tests.

Results and discussion

We showed no differences in the frequency of cognitive impairment, depression, and vitamin among characterized groups. Importantly, we found that metformin intake was associated with vitamin B12 deficiency (P = 0.009), contrary to proton pump inhibitor (P = 0.53) and combined these drugs (P = 0.24).

Conclusions

We showed a relatively high prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency across a population of geriatric patients. A preventive vitamin B12 supplementation should be considered when treating, especially geriatric diabetic patients. Due to conflicting results of retrospective studies, prospective clinical trial should be undertaken to describe the association between vitamin B12 deficiency and prevalence of cognitive impairment or depression.
Anesthesia of a drug-addicted pregnant woman. The current state of knowledge
Authors: Radkowski Paweł , Wojtczak Magdalena , Bartoś-Zdrojewska Dorota , Truszczyński Damian Bronisław , Pruszkowska Aneta
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Stimulant use during pregnancy is a growing concern, particularly in the USA and Europe. This article explores anesthesia challenges in pregnant patients with substance abuse, optimizing analgesic treatment, and addressing newborns of addicted mothers. Understanding substance use differences is crucial for managing complications and providing long-term care.

Aim

Investigate anesthesia management, analgesic optimization, and care for newborns of drug-addicted pregnant patients.

Material and methods

A comprehensive literature review included articles from PubMed (from January 2009 to December 2021) and relevant Polish, English, and German literature.

Results and discussion

Opioid use by pregnant women, especially in North America, raises concerns for maternal and child health. The incidence of newborns with withdrawal syndrome is rapidly increasing. Anesthesia challenges arise in managing pregnant patients with addiction, including analgesia optimization and reducing neonatal abstinence syndrome risk. Individualized approaches like regional anesthesia minimize systemic opioids and neonatal withdrawal symptoms. Medication-assisted therapy, e.g., buprenorphine and methadone, reduces illicit opioid use and improves outcomes for mother and baby. Collaborative care among providers is essential.

Conclusions

Managing drug-addicted pregnant women requires a multidisciplinary approach. Anesthesia providers play a crucial role in ensuring safety and pain control.
The unfortunate events of bowel ischaemia
post-Whipple surgery
Authors: Alagoo Dinesh , Sellappan Harivinthan , Maiyauen Thanesh Kumar , Ong Guang Hong , Anderson Yong Zae Szen , Hayati Firdaus
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Pancreaticoduodenectomy is an extensive procedure with multiple postoperative complications which include surgical site infections, bleeding, delayed gastric emptying, and anastomotic leakage. Among all, postoperative bowel ischaemia is the rarest complication that might be difficult to diagnose and ascertain the cause. If it is left untreated, it may lead to mortality.

Aim

The aim is to describe the management of bowel ischaemia post-Whipple surgery.

Case study

A 76-year-old female patient underwent a Whipple procedure for adenocarcinoma of the ampulla which was complicated by postoperative bowel ischemia. A series of investigations, namely endoscopy and imaging, revealed postoperative bowel ischemia beyond the gastro-jejunostomy anastomosis. The patient underwent a series of surgeries and was eventually discharged well. The final histology was consistent with pancreatic cancer and did not require adjuvant chemotherapy.

Results and discussion

Bowel ischemia in any major surgery occurs due to thrombosis. It is multifactorial including cancer patients, complex reconstruction and major surgery. Identification of thrombosis early in the postoperative follow-up is difficult due to non-specific symptoms, postoperative paralysis of the gastrointestinal tract and modified pain reaction after analgesia. Once diagnosed, the goal is for cessation of thrombosis and fibrinolytic destruction of the thrombus.

Conclusions

Bowel ischemia post-Whipple procedure is rare yet dreaded and requires a high level of clinical suspicion. Once diagnosed, an aggressive approach is needed, including relaparotomy and relook surgery. This complication is salvageable with a controlled fistula and adequate nutrition support.
Poland syndrome: A case of difficult weaning of ventilation after surgery
Authors: Mohamad Ikhwan Sani , Idros Idzman , Dass Sabrina Jane , Yaacob Mohammad Zawawi , Leow Voon Meng
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Poland syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly that occurs in 1 in 30,000 children. It is characterised by unilateral underdevelopment or lack of the chest wall muscle that is apparent at birth. Rarely is it discovered to involve a bilateral chest muscular deficit. Poland syndrome presents in a wide variety of ways, which can often make diagnosis challenging.

Aim

We would like to highlight the rarity of Poland syndrome, and the challenges of post-operative recovery, primarily the ventilation.

Case study

We presented a case of a 44-year-old female with non-investigated chest wall deformity, whom required emergency surgical intervention under general anaesthesia. Post-operatively, she required prolonged ventilatory support, and was then diagnosed with Poland syndrome.

Results and discussion

The patient had undergone an emergency laparotomy and left lateral hepatectomy for left hepatolithiasis with liver abscess. Post-operation, she required prolonged ventilation, with gradual weaning of oxygen. Imaging studies showed absence of left pectoralis major, thus a diagnosis of Poland syndrome. Gradually she was weaned off and had a successful post operative recovery.

Conclusions

Poland syndrome is a rare congenital abnormality. In patients undergoing general anaesthesia, the normal mechanics of breathing while ventilated are absent. Their recovery is longer and requires prolonged ICU admission.
What do parents of children know about food additives in selected foods?
Authors: Polak Paulina , Osmala-Kurpiewska Weronika
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Food additives are used in foods by manufacturers to prevent unfavourable changes in colour, taste and smell and to extend shelf life. Consumption of highly processed products containing large amounts of food additives can lead to accumulation of these substances in the body and cause adverse health effects.

Aim

The aim of the study was to assess parents' knowledge of selected food additives and their impact on the health of preschool children.

Material and methods

The original survey was conducted in March 2022. In total, 112 parents of preschool children attending kindergartens in the Silesian Voivodeship were interviewed. The questionnaire consisted of information and 18 questions, including the respondents' awareness of the presence of food additives in food and their impact on human health. The survey results were prepared in Microsoft Office Excel 2019 and Statistica.

Results and discussion

It was found that less than half of those surveyed (45.53%) thought that the information provided on food additives was easy to understand. More than half of those surveyed (52.68%) did not know that the consumption of products with added benzoic acid can lead to hypersensitivity reactions in patients with bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and skin allergies.

Conclusions

The potential health effects of consuming foods containing selected food additives were not known by most of the parents surveyed. Educational activities to increase parents' knowledge about food additives are recommended.
APAKAH KINERJA KEBERLANJUTAN BERPERAN PADA MANAJEMEN LABA DI LIMA NEGARA ASEAN?
Authors: Yolanda Nike , Widiastuty Erna
Published: February 2024

This study aims to examine the role of sustainability performance on accrual earnings management in public companies in Southeast Asia. The research sample was on public companies in five ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Philippines) from 2017 to 2022. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling method, obtaining 1,218 company-year observations. The independent variable sustainability performance is measured using ESG scores while the dependent variable earnings management is measured using accrual earnings management. The results of this research provide empirical evidence that sustainability performance has no impact on accrual earnings management. Its means that companies with good sustainability performance tend not to carry out earnings management, whereas if earnings management occurs it is influenced by other factors outside of sustainability performance. This research has implications for investors in making investment decisions regarding companies that report ESG performance and the government regarding the quality of sustainability performance reporting.
Pelaksanaan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar di SDN 1 Kembang Sari Kecamatan Selong Kabupaten Lombok Timur Tahun Pembelajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Wardani Yulia , Tahir Muhammad , Erfan Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Pendidikan di Indonesia mengalami evolusi seiring perkembangan zaman, terutama dalam konteks era digital. Kurikulum sebagai inti dari proses pendidikan senantiasa mengalami perubahan, dan saat ini, implementasi kurikulum merdeka belajar menjadi fokus penelitian. Tujuan pendidikan nasional yang mengedepankan pembentukan sumber daya manusia berkualitas dan berkompeten lokal maupun global menjadi landasan bagi perubahan kurikulum. Kurikulum merdeka belajar diharapkan memberikan kebebasan kepada peserta didik dan guru dalam proses pembelajaran, menekankan pada kemandirian peserta didik, dan menggairahkan kreativitas guru. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada pelaksanaan kurikulum merdeka belajar di SDN 1 Kembang Sari, serta kendala yang dihadapi oleh guru dalam implementasinya. Melalui fokus ini, rumusan masalah dibuat untuk menjawab bagaimana pelaksanaan kurikulum merdeka belajar di sekolah tersebut dan apa kendala yang dihadapi oleh guru. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan kurikulum merdeka belajar di SDN 1 Kembang Sari dan mengetahui kendala yang dihadapi oleh guru di sekolah tersebut dalam melaksanakan kurikulum merdeka belajar. Manfaat penelitian ini melibatkan guru, sekolah, dan peneliti. Bagi guru, hasil penelitian ini menjadi acuan dalam melaksanakan kurikulum merdeka belajar. Bagi sekolah, penelitian ini memberikan wawasan dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum merdeka belajar. Bagi peneliti, hasil penelitian ini menjadi masukan dalam konteks pelaksanaan kurikulum merdeka belajar di SDN 1 Kembang Sari. Sebagai definisi operasional, kurikulum merdeka belajar didefinisikan sebagai kebijakan pengembangan pendidikan yang memberikan keleluasaan kepada guru untuk menciptakan pembelajaran yang berkualitas sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan lingkungan belajar siswa. Implementasi kurikulum merdeka belajar melibatkan berbagai aspek seperti perancangan kurikulum, perencanaan pembelajaran, pengembangan perangkat ajar, dan penerapan pembelajaran berpusat pada siswa.
Concept mapping and cooperative mastery learning teaching strategies in lower secondary school classes: Effects on learning outcomes in photosynthesis
Authors: Bizimana Emmanuel , Mutangana Dieudonné , Mwesigye Adrian
Published: February 2024

Although the central role of biology in nation’s scientific and technological advancement is unquestionable, the academic achievement of students in the subject has been subpar. To cope with this situation, researchers in science education have continued to look for a successful way to teach and learn biology concepts. The present study, therefore, investigated the comparative effects of concept mapping (CM) and cooperative mastery learning (CML) teaching strategies on students learning outcomes in photosynthesis. A non-equivalent pre-/post- test quasi-experimental research design was adopted. 295 secondary school form two students from four co-educational schools made up the sample of the study. Data were generated through photosynthesis achievement test (PAT). PAT was subjected to reliability analysis using Kuder-Richardson 21 (KR-21) and Cronbach’s alpha, which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.82 and 0.95, respectively. Data were analyzed using mainly descriptive statistics, and inferential statistics of analysis of covariance. The findings revealed that both CM and CML enhanced students’ achievement (F[1,294]=26.165, p< 0.05), and the retention of the concept of photosynthesis (F[1,294]=9.042, p< 0.05). However, CM was significantly more effective than CML. As a result, the recommendation that came up among others was that science teachers should embrace CM in biology teaching as well as other perceived difficult topics in science subjects. Also considered important was to train science trainee teachers to use CM.
Emergency contraceptive pills usage and its associated factors among female tertiary students in Ghana
Authors: Ngmenbelle David , Ofori Michael Arthur , Ofori Michael Fosu , Nakua Emmanuel Kweku , Aidoo Antoinette Ama
Published: February 2024

Background: The fear of unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STI) causes many to use emergency contraception pills (ECP) or morning-after pills. The use of ECP have become part of our community. This study seeks to assess the prevalence and factors associated with ECP usage.

Materials & methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on female students at the Kumasi Technical University in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Data was collected from 517 respondents using a structured questionnaire. Chi-square and binary logistic regression model were used to determine the association between ECP usage and some selected variables.

Results: The prevalence rate of ECP usage among female students was 48.00% with awareness level of 98.00%. There was a significant association between ECP usage and marital status, age at first sex, ever been pregnant, STI contraction in the past, the number of lifetime sex partners, religion, and awareness levels. The logistic regression found marital status, ever-pregnant, lifetime sex partners, awareness of ECP, and ever-contracted STI as risk factors that significantly affect ECP usage among female tertiary students.

Conclusions: The prevalence of ECP usage among tertiary female students was high. There was a strong association between ECP usage and risk of STI. We therefore recommend that there should be continuous education among female students regarding the use, function, and effects of ECP.
Evaluation of the Acute Toxicity of Acetaminophen in Mice
Authors: H Hashem Suhad , M. K. AL-Rekabi Falah , Ali Selman
Published: February 2024

Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol, APAP), widely used for pain relief across specie, poses significant toxicity risks. This study ‎aimed to assess the acute toxicity profile of APAP by determining the median toxic dose ‎‎(TD50) in a ‎‎murine model. Sixty male Balb/c mice, aged 8 weeks and weighing 20-30 ‎g, were randomized into six equal groups. Five groups received single oral doses of APAP (150, 200, 300, 500, and 700 mg/kg BW), while the control group received distilled water. The TD50 was ‎computed utilizing the probit method. Animals were ‎‎monitored for 24 h for ‎any sign indicative of clinical toxicity. Post-exposure, liver and kidney necropsies were conducted for histopathological analysis. Predominant symptoms of toxicity included prostration, hematuria, heightened agitation, lacrimation, cyanosis, and recumbency across doses from 150 to 700 mg/kg BW. The TD50 for APAP was estimated to be 732 ‎mg/kg BW. The liver histopathological examination of mice treated ‎‎with 700 mg/kg BW APAP ‎revealed severe multifocal hyper eosinophilic hepatocytes, indicating areas of centrilobular ‎necrosis, disorganized ‎‎hepatic cords, and multiple hemorrhage regions. The kidney ‎examination exhibited no pathological changes in treated mice with 700 mg/kg BW ‎‎APAP. In ‎conclusion this investigation provides critical insights into the acute toxicity profile of APAP. The findings not only highlight the ‎‎potential risk associated with APAP usage but also the ‎necessity of strict monitoring for stringent dosage control. Further research is also ‎‎needed to ‎understand the underlying mechanism of APAP-induced toxicity and pave the way for the ‎development of efficacious therapeutic ‎strategies to counter APAP overdose‎‎‎‎.
Synthesis and Characterization of Benzobisoxazole-based Conjugated Polymers for Organic Photodetectors
Authors: Kim Myeong In , Jeong WonJo
Published: February 2024

Benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d’]bis(oxazole) (BBO) is a conjugated building block that can be easily synthesized for the development of organic optoelectronic polymers. Here, the authors synthesized BBO-based polymers, P1 and P2, by coupling BBO with thiophenes for use in organic photodetectors (OPDs). The optical characteristics of P1 and P2 make them suitable for OPDs, as they selectively absorb the green light with a narrow bandwidth in the range of 500–600 nm. The OPD devices were fabricated by making a bulk heterojunction active layer between the synthesized polymers and a nonfullerene acceptor, IDIC. P1-based devices showed slightly higher responsivity (R) of 0.169 A/W than 0.112 A/W of P2-based devices. However, the P2-based device was higher than D* value of the P1-based under 100 μW/cm2, which was due to the influence of excessive thiophene units that had low dark current density.
Pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga, Efisiensi Operasional dan Tingkat Likuiditas terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dengan Resiko Pembiayaan Sebagai Variabel Moderating pada Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Mufidatul Ummah Adhyta  , Syaiful Syaiful
Published: February 2024

This research aims to examine the influence of third party funds, operational efficiency and liquidity levels on the financial performance of Islamic commercial banks. This type of research uses a quantitative approach. The sample selection in this research used the purposive sampling method. The population in this study is all financial report data from quarter 1 to quarter 3 of Sharia Commercial Banks from 2018 to 2022. The sample used in this research is 120 samples from 10 observation data from Islamic commercial banks that have been registered with the Financial Services Authority for the period 2018- 2022. Data were analyzed using the moderated regression analysis test method, classic assumption tests which include normality tests, multicollinearity tests, heteroscedasticity tests and autocorrelation tests. In this research, return on assets is used to measure the financial performance of Islamic general banking. The dependent variable in this research uses Return On Assets, while the independent variables are data on third party funds, Operating Expenses, Operational Income, and Financing to Deposit Ratio, then for the moderating variable, the Net Performance Financing ratio is used. The results of this research show that the Third Party Funds variable has a negative and insignificant effect on the financial performance of sharia commercial banks, Operational Efficiency (BOPO) has a negative effect on the financial performance of sharia commercial banks, the level of liquidity (FDR) has a negative and insignificant effect on the financial performance of commercial banks Sharia and financing risk variables (NPF) are able to strengthen the interaction relationship between their independent variable.