bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contralateral C7 Transfer to Axillary and Median Nerves in Rats with Total Brachial Plexus Avulsion
Authors: Liu Yuzhou , Xiao Feng , Zhuang Yongqing , Lao Jie
Published: February 2020

Background: Contralateral cervical 7 nerve (cC7) was used to repair two recipient nerves simultaneously for patients with total brachial plexus avulsion (TBPA). Objective: To evaluate the effect of cC7 transfer to axillary and median nerves in rats with TBPA. Methods: Eighty S-D rats were divided into 4 groups randomly on average. Group A: cC7 － median nerve, Group B: cC7 － axillary nerve, Group C: cC7 － median and axillary nerves, Group D: TBPA without repair. The evaluation tools included behavioral test, electromyogram (EMG), cross-sectional area of muscle fiber, nerve fiber count and gene expression. Results: The effective rates of EMG were 90% and 70% in Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) in Group A and C, while 70% and 60% in deltoid (DEL) in Group B and C. In behavioral test, the difference of effective rates between groups was not significant. The mean cross-sectional area of FCR in Group A or C was significantly larger than that in Group D. Either the number of median or axillary nerve fibers in Group A, B or C was statistically more than that in Group D. No matter for FCR or DEL, there were no significant differences in the ratios of relative expression of Muscle Atrophy F-box （ MAFBOX ） and Muscle RING Finger 1 （ MURF1 ） among these groups. Conclusion: Compared with cC7 transfer to median nerve, cC7 transfer to both median and axillary nerves did not affect median nerve recovery. The deltoid muscle also could be restored. The recovery proportion of axillary nerve was less than that of median nerve.
Analysis of the Influencing Factors of the Medical Service Capacity in Key Clinical Specialties at the County Level Based on TOPSIS
Authors: Wang Kaixuan , Guo Jin-Ling , Wang Wei , Zhao Shui-Chang , Li Miao-Jun , Wang Zhi-Long , Sun Ning , Bi Chun-Xiao , Ma Xin-Sheng
Published: February 2020

To acknowledge the medical service capacity of the first batch of county-level key clinical specialties in Henan province, analyze the influencing factors, and make targeted suggestions. TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the medical service capacity comprehensively, and the influencing factors were analyzed by simple linear regression and multiple linear regression. In the multiple linear regression model, the basic conditions, including the total investment funds during the construction period, net usable area of beds and the ratio of bed to nurse, the quality of care—the compliance rate of major clinical diagnosis and pathological diagnosis, and the personnel training—the number of technical promotion trainees, of the first county-level clinical specialties, have a significant influence upon the medical service capacity; while, the actual number of beds, the ratio of doctors and nurses, the proportion of annual expert visits, the number of technical promotion training and sending of learners, percentage of drug expenditure and core journal articles have limited effect. On the basis of the ensured allocation of resources and capital investment, more attention should be paid to personnel training and appropriate technology promotion, and the medical care quality is supposed to be always insisted on, to promote the overall improvement of medical service capacity in county hospitals.
Simultaneous detection of multiple fly-borne bacterial pathogenic microorganisms by the reverse line blot hybridization assay
Authors: Ma Yonghua , Luo Jianxun , Gou Huitian , Sun Xiaolin , Li Mei , Teng Yuxiao
Published: February 2020

Background: As a widespread health pest, flies can carry more than 100 kinds of path ogenic microbes to threat human health, resulting in a wide range of disease infection and transmission. The aim of this study was to develop a sensitive, reliable and rapid method for the simultaneous detection of multiple fly-borne bacterial pathogenic microorganisms, in order to effectively prevent and control fly-borne bacterial diseases. Results: PCR-RLB method could directly and accurately detect fly-borne bacteria species corresponding of 7 species-specific probes. The sensitivity of PCR-RLB was significantly higher (about 100 times) than that of PCR. At the same time, the membrane binding oligonucleotide species-specific probes prepared in RLB detection technology can be reused for detection of bacteria after washing with 0.5 M EDTA, which greatly improves the detection efficiency. This method was used to detect the intestinal pathogens carried by flies in four different areas of Lanzhou city. In 106 groups of samples from different areas, The numbers of carrying seven bacterial strains were 2 (S. aureus), 52 (S. flexneri), 0 (A. caviae), 3% (V. vulnificus), 56 (S. enterica), 1 (P. vulgaris) and 33 (Y. enterocolitica), respectively. Their proportions of 7 bacterial strains carried by houseflies were 1.23% ( S. aureus ), 32.1% ( S. flexneri ), 0% ( A. caviae ), 1.85% ( V. vulnificus ), 34.57% ( S. enterica ), 0.62% ( P. vulgaris ) and 20.37% ( Y. enterocolitica ), respectively. The results showed that there was a high correlation between the bacteria carrying rate of flies and the health environment in urban areas. S. enterica , S. flexneri and Y. enterocolitica accounted for the overwhelming majority of the seven pathogenic strains carried by houseflies. This indicated that houseflies played an important role in the transmission of intestinal infectious diseases. S. aureus and V. vulnificus were carried by houseflies near the hospital area indicates that hospitals should do well in killing and controlling flies and further strengthen the prevention and control of fly-borne bacterial diseases. Conclusion: The developed PCR-RLB assay have potential clinical application in the simultaneous detection of fly-borne bacterial species.
Eosinophil-to-monocyte ratio is a potential biomarker in the prediction of functional outcome among patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Yu Shuhong , Luo Yi , Zhang Tan , Huang Chenrong , Fu Yu , Zhang Qiang , Zeng Fangyue , Huang Hao , Zhang Chunyuan , Guo Zhiliang
Published: February 2020

Background and PurposeIt has been showed that eosinophils are decreased and monocytes are elevated in patients with ischemic stroke, but the impact of eosinophil-to-monocyte ratio (EMR) on clinical outcomes among patients with acute ischemic stroke remains unclear. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between EMR on admission and three-month poor functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.MethodsA total of 521 consecutive patients admitted to our hospital within 24 hours after onset of acute ischemic stroke were prospectively enrolled and categorized in terms of quartiles of EMR on admission between August 2016 and September 2018. The endpoint was the poor outcome defined as modified Rankin Scale score of 3 to 6 at month 3 after admission.ResultsAs EMR decreased, the risk of poor outcome increased (P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that EMR was independently associated with poor outcome after adjusting potential confounders (odds ratio, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03–0.36; P=0.0004), which is consistent with the result of EMR (quartile) as a categorical variable (odds ratio, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.10–0.53; Ptrend<0.0001). A non-linear relationship was detected between EMR and poor outcome, whose point was 0.28. Subgroup analyses further confirmed these associations. The area under the curve of EMR for the prediction of poor outcome in receiver operating characteristic analysis was 0.653 (95% CI, 0.603–0.703; P=0.003). Furthermore, the addition of EMR to conventional risk factors improved the predictive power for poor outcome (net reclassification improvement: 3.54%, P=0.230; integrated discrimination improvement: 2.11%, P=0.001).ConclusionEMR on admission was independently correlated with poor outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke, suggesting that EMR may be a potential prognostic biomarker for ischemic stroke.
BVD protects against UVB-induced HaCaT keratinocytes photodamage through reactivating Nrf2 antioxidative stress signaling
Authors: Liangjuan Ma , Jie Gong , Yingdi Liu , Jing Ren , Fang Lin , Xiaohui Zhang , Yan You , Bai Bing xue , Yuzhen Li
Published: February 2020

Background : To investigate the protective role and mechanism of exogenous biliverdin (BVD) on ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiated human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). Methods : Cultured HaCaT cells were divided into control group, UVB group, and BVD + UVB group. Morphological changes in the HaCaT cells were observed, the cell viability of each group was detected, the mean fluorescence intensity (reactive oxygen species, ROS) of the cells was detected, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of the cells were detected, and the protein expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) were determined. Moreover, Nrf2 gene transfection was performed in HaCaT cells. Results : UVB irradiation induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells, decreased Nrf2 protein expression and increased MMP-1 and MMP-3 protein expression, which increased ROS and MDA levels and decreased SOD levels. Nrf2 gene enhancement increased UVB-irradiated HaCaT cell viability. Conclusion : Exogenous BVD plays a protective role in UVB-induced HaCaT cell damage, and this effect may be related to the Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathway. Keywords : Biliverdin, UVB irradiation, Photo-damage，Nrf2，oxidativestress，HaCaT
A systematic review and meta-analysis of Job stress among Iranian nurses
Authors: Isfahani Parvaneh , Arefy Marzieh , Peyravi Saeed , Bahador Rasoul Corani , Afshari Mahnaz
Published: February 2020

Background: Job stress is the most important factor in reducing organizational productivity. Therefore, this study aimed to identify prevalence of job stress among nurses in Iran.Methods: This study was conducted using a meta-analysis. All published articles on prevalence of job stress among nurses in Iran until July 2018 were searched and collected using PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, CINAHL, PsychInfo, Scopus, Magiran, IranMedex and SID and Bibliography section of the retrieved papers and related journals. Finally, 22 empirical studies were reviewed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.Results: The overall prevalence of job stress in Iranian nurses was 49.5% (95% CI 41.9%-59.1%). The highest job stress was recorded in Tehran in 2016, 96.4% (95% Cl: 90.3%-98.7%) and the lowest job stress was found in Kashan in 2011, 2.5% (95% Cl: 6.0%-1.0%). Significant statistical correlation was observed between job stress, year and sample size (p<0/05).Conclusion: job stress affects about half of nursing staff in Iran; thus, managers and policymakers should take serious measures to reduce prevalence of job stress among nurses.
The hazards of PM2.5 pollution: Empirical evidence from perinatal mortality in China
Authors: Li guangqin , Li Lingyu , Liu Dan
Published: February 2020

Background : Although the adverse effects of air pollution on health have aroused widespread concern in academia, there is little evidence about the impact of PM2.5 on perinatal mortality rates. Methods: Using the spatial analysis function of ArcGIS, we get the haze pollution data from the satellite remote sensing data. We adopt fixed effects model, spatial Durbin model (SDM) and the instrument variable method to investigate the causality between PM2.5 and perinatal mortality rates. Results: We find that PM2.5 has a significantly positive effect on perinatal mortality rates. A 1% increase of log-transformed average concentrations and maximum concentrations of PM2.5 result in 1.76‰ and 2.31‰ increase of perinatal mortality rates, respectively. In spatial econometrics analysis, we find PM2.5 has significant spatial autocorrelation characteristics. A 1% increase of concentrations of log-transformed average and maximum PM2.5 lead to a 2.49‰ and 2.19‰ increase of perinatal mortality rates, respectively. Using instrument variable method to deal with the endogeneity, the result is similar. The potential mechanism through which air pollution has an impact on perinatal mortality rates is infant weight. Conclusions: PM2.5 pollution has a significant and positive effect on perinatal mortality. The results show that environmental pollution control should be strengthened and the exposure of pregnant women in polluted air should be reduced.
Interstitial Lung Disease Associated Acute Respiratory Failure Requiring Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Vahdatpour Cyrus A. , Pichler Alexander , Palevsky Harold I , Kallan Michael J , Patel Namrata B , Kinniry Paul A
Published: February 2020

Background Interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for acute respiratory failure (ARF) are known to have a poor prognosis. Few studies have investigated determinants of outcomes and the utility of trialing non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) prior to IMV to see if there are any effect(s) on mortality or morbidity.Methods We designed a retrospective study using patients at four different intensive care units within one health care system. Our primary objective was to determine if there are differences in outcomes for in-hospital and one-year mortality between patients who undergo NIPPV prior to IMV and those who receive only IMV. A secondary objective was to identify potential determinants of outcomes.Results Of 54 ILD patients with ARF treated with IMV, 20 (37.0%) survived to hospital discharge and 10 (18.5%) were alive at one-year. There was no significant mortality difference between patients trialed on NIPPV prior to IMV and those receiving only IMV. Several key determinants of outcomes were identified with higher mortality, including: higher ventilatory support, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) subtype, high dose steroids, use of vasopressors, supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs), and higher body mass index.Conclusions Considering that patients trialed on NIPPV prior to IMV was associated with no mortality disadvantage to patients treated with only IMV, trialing patients on NIPPV may identify responders and avoid complications associated with IMV. Increased ventilator support, need of vasopressors, SVTs, and high dose steroids reflect higher mortality and palliative care involvement should be considered as early as possible if lung transplant is not an option.
TLR8 in the trigeminal ganglion contributes to the maintenance of trigeminal neuropathic pain
Authors: Zhao Lin-Xia , Bai Xue-Qiang , Cao De-Li , Wu Xiao-Bo , Jiang Ming , Zhang Jing , Guo Jian-Shuang , Chen Tong-Tong , Wu Hao , Gao Yong-Jing , Zhang Zhi-Jun
Published: February 2020

Background: Trigeminal neuropathic pain (TNP) is a significant health problem whereas the involved mechanism has not been completely elucidated. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are recently demonstrated to be expressed in the dorsal root ganglion and involved in chronic pain. How TLR8 is expressed in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) after infraorbital nerve injury and whether TLR8 is involved in TNP have not been investigated.Methods: TNP model was established by the partial infraorbital nerve ligation (pIONL) in mice. The effect of TLR8 and its agonist VTX-2337 on pain hypersensitivity was checked by facial pain behavioral test. The immunostaining, real-time RT-PCR, and western blot were used to evaluate the expression of TLR8, pERK, pp38, and proinflammatory cytokines in the TG. The intracellular concentration of Ca 2+ was detected by the calcium imaging.Results: TLR8 was persistently increased in TG neurons in pIONL-induced TNP model. In addition, deletion of Tlr8 or knockdown of Tlr8 in the TG attenuated pIONL-induced mechanical allodynia, reduced the activation of ERK and p38, and decreased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the TG. Furthermore, intra-TG injection of TLR8 agonist VTX-2337 induced facial pain hypersensitivity. VTX-2337 also increased intracellular calcium concentration, induced activation of ERK and p38, and increased the proinflammatory cytokines expression in the TG.Conclusions: TLR8 contributes to the maintenance of TNP through increasing MAPK-mediated neuroinflammation. Targeting TLR8 signaling may be effective for the treatment of TNP.
Renal Hemangioblastoma with Mixed Mullerian tumor of endometrium: A tale of two rare primary tumors
Authors: Setia Aparna , Kumar Devender , Bains Lovenish , Sharma Pallavi , Tempe Anjali , Mallaya Varuna
Published: February 2020

Introduction Renal hemangioblastoma (RH) is a very rare benign tumor. Hemangioblastoma most commonly occur in the central nervous system (CNS) and only few cases of RH have been reported in literature. They occur most commonly as asymptomatic masses found incidentally. Mixed Mullerian Tumor (MMT) of the uterus is a rarer and aggressive form of uterine malignancy. The detection of two primary rare tumors incidentally is a rare entity. Case presentation A 50 years female patient presented with abnormal uterine bleeding which on endometrial sampling was diagnosed as a rare variety of endometrial cancer i.e., MMT or uterine carcinosarcoma. On preoperative Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a renal mass was also detected which was highly vascular and was mimicking Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC). Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was done from the renal mass to differentiate between RCC and metastasis but it showed only blood cells. Patient underwent staging laparotomy for endometrial cancer and frozen section examination of the renal mass. Frozen section report was inconclusive with few atypical cells and thus patient underwent radical nephrectomy too. Histopathological examination revealed it to be a RH which is a very rare benign tumor. Discussion Only 14 cases of RH outside the CNS have been reported till date. Occurrence of renal mass as an incidental finding in the preoperative work up of uterine malignancy directed us to the differentials of metastasis or another histologically distinct primary tumor. RH may mimic RCC radiologically. To correctly diagnose RH is important because sporadic RH does not require further treatment and the prognosis is much better than that of RCC. MMT which compromise 1-2% of all uterine neoplasms have higher chance of metastasis than endometroid variety. Conclusion Renal hemangioblastoma is a rare benign tumor which doesn’t require any treatment in majority of the patients. Mixed Mullerian tumor is a rare aggressive uterine tumor which metastasizes early, henceforth early identification and treatment is the key. RH needs to be differentiated from RCC to avoid over treatment. Morphological findings are similar in both, preoperative FNAC, PET scan and intraoperative frozen section can be utilized to differentiate in between two in well circumcised tumors and in high suspicion. The presence of two rare primary tumors i.e., RH and MMT in the same patient which are unrelated is a rare entity.
Reclassification of tumor size for solitary HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma by minimum p value method: a large retrospective study
Authors: Liu Hongzhi , Yang Yuan , Chen Chuanchun , Wang Lei , Huang Qizhen , Zeng Jianxing , Lin Kongying , Zeng Yongyi , Guo Pengfei , Zhou Weiping , Liu Jingfeng
Published: February 2020

Background and Objectives Tumor size is one of the most important issues for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment and prognosis but the classification of it still controversial. The aim of this study was to screen appropriate cutoffs for size of solitary HBV-related HCC. Methods A cohort of 1760 patients with solitary HBV-related HCC undergoing curative liver resection were divided into 11 groups based on tumor size in 1-cm intervals. The minimum p value method was used to screen the appropriate size cutoff according to overall survival (OS). Results There are 8 dichotomy, 8 trichotomy and 14 inquartation cutoffs were screened when classifying tumor sizes in accordance with OS. After reclassified patients into three new classifications: ≤ 3cm (n = 422), > 3 and ≤ 9cm (n = 1072), and > 9cm (n = 266). The comparison of clinicopathologic characteristics among these three classifications showed that the increase of tumor size was associated with the increase of α-fetoprotein (AFP), Microvascular invasion (MVI), tumor differentiation, and liver cirrhosis. And the comparison of the OS among three classifications showed statistical differences. Conclusions This study suggested that size criteria of 3cm and 9cm in solitary HBV-related HCC patients were appropriate based on biological characteristics and prognostic significance.
Utilization of Modified Rhomboid Flap to Reconstruct Limb Defect after Wide Resection of Large Soft-tissue Sarcoma: Novel Application of an Old Technique
Authors: Liang Miaomiao , Chen Yu
Published: February 2020

Background: Reconstruction of limb defects following wide resection of large soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) is challenging. Effectiveness of rhomboid flaps in covering these wounds remains to be addressed. Methods: From March 2018 through February 2019, we utilized modified rhomboid flaps to reconstruct limb defects following wide resection of the large STS (≥5 cm in diameter) in 6 patients. There were 3 males and 3 females. The average age was 65 years (47-77 years). Diagnoses included leiomyosarcoma in 3 patients, synovial sarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, and myxoid liposarcoma in 1 respectively. The anatomic locations included the anterior knee in 3 cases, upper arm in 2, and thigh in 1. The mean diameter of the tumor measured 10 cm (5-17 cm). The mean defect size was 113 cm2(38-270 cm2). Results: The mean follow-up duration was 10 months (range, 6-12 months), no patients were lost to follow-up. Skin grafts were utilized in 2 cases. The mean time to heal was 7 weeks (range, 3-13 weeks). At final follow-up, there were no recurrence and metastasis. One case had cerebral hemorrhage and 1 had wound dehiscence, whereas no reoperation was performed. The range of motion of the joints adjacent to the flap reconstructions were comparable to preoperative status. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score was 27 (range, 24-30). Conclusions: The modified rhomboid flap affords great versatility and is easy to design. This technique yields satisfactory effectiveness in reconstructing limb defects after resection of large STS. Long-term studies of large sample size are warranted.
Strategies for Diagnosis of Fetal right atrium dilation: Based on fetal cardiac anatomy and hemodynamics
Authors: Zhao Leisheng , Wang Yu , Zhang Ying
Published: February 2020

Background Fetal right atrium (RA) dilation is frequently detected in routine screenings while it remains a challenge to clarify the reasons. This study aimed to analyze the cardiac anatomy and hemodynamics of fetal RA dilation and the changes of hemodynamic indexes. Methods 420 fetuses with RA dilation were included, which were classified into 4 types: volume overload (Group A, n=117), pressure overload (Group B, n=85), Ebstein’s anomaly (Group C, n=16), and physiological enlargement (Group D, n=202). All the types was divided into two control groups according to different gestational weeks (19-31 gestational weeks and 32-36 gestational weeks). The ratio of RA and left atrium (RA/LA) were measured at Four-chamber view (4CV) . Peak velocity of tricuspid regurgitation (V TR ) was recorded in each diseases. Results RA/LA in 19-31GW were: A: 1.45±0.24, B: 1.28±0.15, C: 1.22±0.10, D: 1.28±0.18. RA/LA in 32-36GW were: A: 1.68±0.25, B: 1.46±0.23, C: 1.64±0.19, D: 1.45±0.27. V TR in Group B (3.29±0.58 m/s) was higher than that in Group A (1.85±0.49 m/s), C (1.86±0.22 m/s), and D (0.88±0.45 m/s), respectively. As for V TR, there was statistical significance among the ductus arteriosus anomalies (3.98±0.41 m/s), the pulmonary artery anomalies (3.03±0.38 m/s) and the restrictive FO (2.23±0.30 m/s) (all P<0.05). Conclusions We proposed a protocol by which fetal cardiac anatomy and hemodynamics was used to clarify the reasons of fetal RA dilation. We compared the degree of right atrial enlargement in different types of diseases. We also provided a reference value of V TR for each type of reasons of RA dilation.
Comparing Clinical Outcomes of Piperacillin-Tazobactam Administration and Dosage Strategies in Critically Ill Adult Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fawaz Sarah , Barton Stephen , Nabhani-Gebara Shereen
Published: February 2020

Background: Recently, continuous administration of piperacillin-tazobactam has been proposed as a valuable alternative to traditional intermittent administration especially in critically ill patients. However, antibiotic dosing remains a challenge for clinicians as antibiotic dosing regimens are usually determined in non-critically-ill hospitalized adult patients. The aim was to conduct a systematic review to identify and highlight studies comparing clinical outcomes of piperacillin tazobactam dosing regimens, continuous/prolonged infusion vs intermittent infusion in critically ill patients. Meta-analyses were performed to assess the overall effect of dosing regimen on clinical efficacy. Methods: Studies were identified systematically through searches of PubMed and Science Direct, in compliance with PRISMA guidelines. Following the systematic literature review, meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager. Results: Twenty-three studies were included in the analysis involving 3828 critically ill adult participants in total (continuous/prolonged infusion = 2197 and intermittent infusion = 1631) from geographically diverse regions. Continuous/prolonged resulted in significantly: higher clinical cure rates (OR 1.56, 95% C.I 1.28-1.90, P = 0 .0001), lower mortality rates (OR 0.68, 95% C.I 0.55-0.84, P = 0 .0003), higher microbiological success rates (OR 1.52, 95% C.I 1.10-2.11, P = 0.01) and decreasing the length of hospital stay (OR -1.27, 95% C.I -2.45—0.08, P = 0.04) in critically ill patients. Conclusion: There is a significant level of evidence that clinical outcome in critically ill patients is improved in patients receiving piperacillin-tazobactam via continuous/prolonged infusion. Therefore, this alternative infusion strategy could be recommended in clinical practice.
Long-term outcomes of tracheal stents removal under fluoroscopy guidance: comparison of tracheal fistulas with tracheal stenosis
Authors: Bi Yonghua , Li Jianzhuang , Bai Liangliang , Wu Gang , Han Xinwei , Ren Jianzhuang
Published: February 2020

Background: No study compared the techniques and complications of stent removal under fluoroscopy guidance for tracheal fistula and tracheal stenosis.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 152 patients who underwent fluoroscopy-guided stent removal from January 2011 to June 2017. Eighty-five patients underwent stent removal for tracheal fistula (TF group), and 67 patients for tracheal stenosis (TS group). All patients underwent tracheal CT scans before stent removal and during follow up. The technical success rate, complications, survival rate were compared between the two groups.Results: The technical success rate of stent removal was 98.9% and 97.4% for tracheal fistula and tracheal stenosis, respectively. Except for the routine removal for half of patients, excessive granulation tissue was the common indications for stent removal, which was found 142.1±25.9 days later for tracheal fistula, and 89.9±15.0 day for tracheal stenosis. The total incidence of complications was 21.1% and 22.4% for tracheal fistula and tracheal stenosis, respectively. One perioperative death of asphyxia was found in TF group, and 2 deaths in TS group. Recurrence of fistula or stenosis requiring stenting was the most comment complication in both groups. The 0.5-, 3-, 6-year survival rates were 90.3%, 59.6%, and 36.1% for TF group, and 80.4%, 75.7%, 75.7% for TS group.Conclusions: Fluoroscopic removal of tracheal stent is safe and effective for both tracheal fistula and tracheal stenosis, with no significant difference. Recurrence of fistula or stenosis requiring stenting was the most comment complication.
Chronic hypoxaemia and gender status modulate adiponectin pathway in severe COPD patients: new endotypic presentation?
Authors: Pierard Mélany , Tassin Alexandra , Legrand Antoine , Legrand Alexandre
Published: February 2020

Background: Disease progression in COPD patient is associated to lung function decline, leading to a higher risk of hypoxaemia and associated comorbidities, notably cardiovascular diseases (CV). Gender is also known to influence CV risk. Adiponectin (Ad), a cardio-protective hormone, was suggested as a biomarker for COPD risk management. However, determinants and consequences of Ad pathway modulation in COPD are unknown and gender specificities are poorly understood. We postulated that hypoxaemia and gender could influence Ad pathway and contribute to the appearance of a distinct endotype associated to an altered CV risk.Methods: The Ad plasmatic (Adpl) level and proportion of its different forms were evaluated in hypoxemic and non-hypoxemic COPD men or women. The relationship between these measures and BMI, blood gas analysis (PaO2, PaCO2), or lung function (FEV1, FEV1/FVC, TLCO, TLC, RV) were tested.Results: Despite similar age, BMI and obstruction severity, women had a higher TLC and RV than men. Adpl level was higher in women and negatively associated with hyperinflation and hypercapnia. The proportion of the most active forms of Ad (HMW) is increased in hypoxemic women but not in men. A positive correlation between TLCO and HMW form proportion was observed in hypoxemic men, whereas a negative correlation was detected in non-hypoxemic men.Conclusion: Physiopathology of COPD seems to be gender specific. Hypoxaemia, hypercapnia and hyperinflation are associated to gender-specific Ad pathway alterations. Given CV properties of Ad, the impact of such modulation on co-morbidities development have to be considered in future studies.
Genetic diversity and genotype multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection in patients with uncomplicated malaria in Chewaka district, Ethiopia
Authors: Abamecha Abdulhakim , El-Abid Hassan , Yilma Daniel , Addisu Wondimagegn , Ibenthal Achim , Bayih Abebe Genetu , Noedl Harald , Yewahlaw Delenesaw , Moumni Mohieddine , Abdissa Alemseged
Published: February 2020

Background: Genetic diversity in Plasmodium falciparum poses a major threat to malaria control and elimination interventions. Characterization of the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum strains can be used to assess intensity of parasite transmission and identify potential deficiencies in malaria control programmes, which provides vital information to evaluating malaria elimination efforts. In this study, we investigated the P. falciparum genetic diversity and genotype multiplicity of infection in parasite isolates from cases with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Southwest Ethiopia.Methods: A total of 80 P. falciparum microscopy and qPCR positive blood samples were collected from study participants aged six months to sixty years, who visited the health facilities during the evaluation of a therapeutic efficacy study of arthemeter-lumefantrine from September-December, 2017. Polymorphic regions of the msp-1 and msp-2 were genotyped by nested polymerase chain reactions (nPCR) followed by gel electrophoresis for fragment analysis.Results: Of 80 qPCR-positive samples analyzed for polymorphisms on msp-1 and msp-2 genes, the efficiency of msp-1 and msp-2 gene amplification reactions with family-specific primers were 95 % and 98.8%, respectively. A total of 29 msp alleles (10 for msp-1and 19 for msp-2) were detected. In msp-1, K1 was the predominant allelic family detected in 47.7% (42/88) of the samples followed by Mad20 and RO33. For msp-2, the frequency of FC27 and IC/3D7 were 77% (57/74) and 76% (56/74), respectively. Eighty percent (80%) of isolates had multiple genotypes and the overall mean multiplicity of infection was 3.2 (95% CI: 2.87- 3.46). The heterozygosity index was 0.43, and 0.85 for msp-1 and msp-2, respectively. There was no significant association between multiplicity of infection and age or parasite density.Conclusions: The study revealed high levels of genetic diversity and mixed-strain infections of P. falciparum populations in Chewaka district, Ethiopia; reflecting both the endemicity level and malaria transmission remained high and more strengthened control efforts are needed in Ethiopia.
Variation among Strawberry Cultivars in Bruising Susceptibility Related to Wound Ethylene Production and Sensitivity
Authors: Chang Lan-Yen , Brecht Jeffrey K.
Published: February 2020

Bruising of strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) fruit is a common mechanical injury that reduces product value. Wound-induced ethylene may accelerate deterioration or decay, affecting strawberry quality and shelf life. However, bruising susceptibility varies among strawberry cultivars. In this study, cultivars Monterey, Sweet Sensation, Radiance, and two proprietary cultivars (Cultivar A and Cultivar B) from a private breeding program were investigated to evaluate their bruising susceptibility and wound response. Bruising consisted of dropping a 28-g steel ball from 27 cm onto individual fruit; unbruised fruit were the primary control, while fruit exposed to 1 μL·L−1 ethylene were used as a check for ethylene response. All fruit were stored at 20 °C, 90% relative humidity (RH), with respiration and ethylene production measured at 2-hour intervals for 24 hours. Appearance observations were recorded daily until decay onset. Peak respiration rates of 30–40 mL CO2·kg−1·h−1 mostly occurred within 4 hours (‘Cultivar B’) to 6 hours (‘Cultivar A’ and ‘Sweet Sensation’) after bruising, except ‘Monterey’, which peaked at 60 mL CO2·kg−1·h−1 in 2 hours, and ‘Radiance’, which reached 70 mL CO2·kg−1·h−1 in 6 hours. Maximum ethylene production rates after bruising were 0.05 to 0.06 μL·kg−1·h−1 for ‘Monterey’, ‘Cultivar A’, and ‘Cultivar B’, 0.10 μL·kg−1·h−1 for ‘Sweet Sensation’, and 0.20 to 0.37 μL·kg−1·h−1 for ‘Radiance’. ‘Cultivar B’, with the lowest ethylene production, exhibited the lowest overall bruising severity, whereas ‘Radiance’, with the highest ethylene production, exhibited the most severe bruising-induced water soaking, and the other cultivars were intermediate, although ‘Monterey’ bruises were more discolored than those of the other cultivars. ‘Monterey’, ‘Radiance’, and ‘Sweet Sensation’ showed more yellowing and browning of the calyx in response to both bruising and ethylene exposure than ‘Cultivar A’ and ‘Cultivar B’. Except for ‘Cultivar B’, bruising and ethylene exposure increased decay severity.
Determining the Relationship between Floral Initiation and Source–Sink Dynamics of Tomato Seedlings Affected by Changes in Shading and Nutrients
Authors: Wang Rui , Gui Yuqing , Zhao Tiejun , Ishii Masahisa , Eguchi Masatake , Xu Hui , Li Tianlai , Iwasaki Yasunaga
Published: February 2020

Floral initiation is an important transition point from vegetative growth to reproductive growth in tomatoes and is known to be affected by light intensity, temperature, and nutrients. However, the regulation between flower formation and environmental factors, including nutrient conditions, due to source–sink dynamics (supply and demand of photoassimilates) is seldom documented. To evaluate the effects of light intensity and nutrition conditions on prefloral formation and development, dynamic floral characteristics during development were fitted with sigmoidal logistic curves under four light treatments with shading nets in two nutrient conditions. Source activity and sink strength were altered, which caused differences in the floral positions, length of floral shoots, floral initiation dates, and leaf numbers under the different treatments. Accumulated light acts upstream of nutrition supply during the formation of buds and leads to the accumulation of carbohydrates in source organs. Leaf area reached ≈500 cm2, and dry matter weights reached ≈3 g in each treatment until the flowering day, revealing that some level of photoassimilates are necessary for floral initiation. Both days to flowering and bud number were highly correlated with daily light integral (DLI) from 6 to 12 days before anthesis, which means this period is important for anthesis in tomato. Our results highlight regulation of the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth by tomato seedlings due to environmental factors and nutrients. A better understanding of communication between source organs and sink organs during floral initiation response to different environments is expected to provide management strategies for greenhouse tomato production.
Few-nucleon system dynamics studied via deuteron-deuteron collisions at 160 MeV
Authors: Ciepał Izabela , Bodek Kazimierz , Kalantar Nayestanaki Nasser , Khatri Ghanshyambhai , Kistryn Stanisław , Kłos Barbara , Kozela Adam , Kuboś Joanna , Kulessa Paweł , Łobejko Angelina , Magiera Andrzej , Messchendorp Johan , Mazumdar Indranil , Parol Wiktor , ramazani sharifabadi reza , Rozpȩdzik Dagmara , Skwira-Chalot Izabela , Stephan Elżbieta , Wilczek Andrzej , Włoch Bogusław , Wrońska Aleksandra , Zejma Jacek
Published: February 2020

Four nucleon scattering at intermediate energies provides unique
opportunities to study effects of the two key ingredients of the nuclear
dynamics, the nucleon-nucleon P-wave (NNP-wave) and the three-nucleon
force (3NF). This is possible only with systematic and precise data, in
conjunction with exact theoretical calculations. Using the BINA detector
at KVI Groningen, the Netherlands, a rich set of differential cross
section of the ^{2}2H(d,dp)n breakup reaction at 160 MeV
deuteron beam energy has been measured. Besides the three-body breakup,
also cross sections of the ^{2}2H(d,
^{3}3He)n
proton transfer reaction have been obtained. The data are compared to
the recent calculations for the three-cluster breakup.
Measurement for p–3He elastic scattering with a 65 MeV polarized proton beam
Authors: Nakai Shinnosuke , Sekiguchi Kimiko , Miki Kenjiro , Watanabe Atomu , Shibuya Shun , Watanabe Masataka , Kawahara Katsumasa , Sakai Daisuke , Wada Y. , Umetsu Hiroo , Itoh Masatoshi , Hatanaka Kichiji , Tamii Atsushi , Kobayashi N. , Inoue A. , Nakamura S. , Wakasa Tomotsugu , Mitsumoto Shinji , Ohshiro H. , Goto Syuhei , Maeda Yukie , Sakai Hideyuki
Published: February 2020

We measured the cross section and the proton analyzing power
A_yAy
for pp–^33He
elastic scattering at the angles \theta = 26.9^{\circ}θ=26.9∘–170.1^{\circ}170.1∘
in the center of mass system with a 65 MeV polarized proton beam. We
compared the data with the rigorous numerical calculations based on the
various nucleon–nucleon potentials. For the cross section, clear
discrepancy is seen at the angles where the cross section takes minimum.
For the proton analyzing power A_yAy,
the calculations have moderate agreements with the data. In this
proceedings, we show only the experimental results.
Influence of the Pauli principle on two-cluster potential energy
Authors: Lashko Yuliya , Vasilevsky Victor S. , Filippov Gennady F.
Published: February 2020

We study effects of the Pauli principle on the potential energy of
two-cluster systems. The object of the investigation is the lightest
nuclei of p-shell with a dominant \boldsymbol{\alpha}𝛂-cluster
channel. For this aim we construct matrix elements of two-cluster
potential energy between cluster oscillator functions with and without
full antisymmetrization. Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the potential
energy matrix are studied in detail. Eigenfunctions of the potential
energy operator are presented in oscillator, coordinate and momentum
spaces. We demonstrate that the Pauli principle affects more strongly
the eigenfunctions than the eigenvalues of the matrix and leads to the
formation of resonance and trapped states.
Teoretyczne podstawy wychowania państwowego w Polsce okresu międzywojennego (zarys problematyki)
Authors: Magiera Elżbieta
Published: February 2020

Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie teoretycznych podstaw wychowania państwowego w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej. Przedstawia zarys koncepcji wychowania państwowego Kazimierza Sośnickiego, Zygmunta Mysłakowskiego i Jana Stanisława Bystronia. Zagadnienie wychowania państwowego K. Sośnicki charakteryzował ze stanowiska pedagogiki socjologicznej oraz filozofii państwa i prawa. Tworząc ponadideologiczną teorię wychowania państwowego, uporządkował podstawowe pojęcia, wyeksponował specyficzne właściwości wychowania państwowego. Centralnym zagadnieniem swojej teorii uczynił kategorię etosu państwowego. Znaczny wkład w tworzenie teoretycznych podstaw wychowania państwowego stanowiły prace Zygmunta Mysłakowskiego. Rozumiejąc państwo jako formację socjologiczną i kulturową, punktem wyjścia do rozważań nad wychowaniem państwowym i narodowym uczynił pojęcie „mitu”. Dążył do ukształtowania pozytywnego stosunku społeczeństwa wobec państwa. Teoretyczną podstawę wychowania państwowego stanowiły również prace Jana Stanisława Bystronia, który prezentował stanowisko socjologiczne. Wychowanie państwowe łączył z wychowaniem społecznym, pogłębieniem kultury społecznej, rozszerzeniem treści i zakresu stosunków społecznych, rozwijaniem współdziałania.
Ochrona przyrody ojczystej w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej – edukacyjne implikacje miesięcznika „Przyroda i Technika”
Authors: Wolter Edyta
Published: February 2020

Celem artykułu jest wyjaśnienie dziedzictwa kultury na przykładzie wychowania do ochrony przyrody w Polsce w okresie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego (1918–1939). Podstawę źródłową stanowi czasopismo „Przyroda i Technika”, wydawane przez Polskie Towarzystwo Przyrodników im. M. Kopernika w latach 1922–1939. W artykule uzasadniono znaczenie procesu wychowania do ochrony przyrody społeczeństwa polskiego na przykładzie wybranych artykułów i konkursów edukacyjnych, wystaw poświęconych problematyce opieki nad zwierzętami, a także popularyzacji książek oraz czasopism poświęconych ochronie przyrody.
Problem edukacji religijnej w społeczeństwie pluralistycznym
Authors: Moskal Piotr
Published: February 2020

W tekście pokazuję, że możliwa jest religijna edukacja w społeczeństwie pluralistycznym, to znaczy zróżnicowanym pod względem religijnym, światopoglądowym, kulturowym i etnicznym, o ile wspólnota religijna i wspólnota obywatelska trafnie rozpoznają swoją naturę i celowość. Charakteryzuję naturę obu społeczności, naturę edukacji, naturę edukacji religijnej oraz omawiam odpowiedzialność obu wspólnot za kształt edukacji. Wskazuję na to, że katolicka edukacja uznaje prawo do wolności religijnej i w tym sensie godzi się na religijny pluralizm, a także szanuje autonomię rzeczywistości ziemskich, a więc m.in. świeckość państwa i wartość różnych nauk. Twierdzę, że z punktu widzenia społeczeństwa pluralistycznego istnienie edukacji katolickiej powinno być akceptowalne. Edukacja ta nie sprzeciwia się prawu do istnienia w społeczeństwie różnych dyskursów, a jedynie korzysta z prawa do obecności w życiu publicznym także jej dyskursu.
Duchowość chrześcijańska w kształtowaniu dojrzałego człowieka
Authors: Marek Zbigniew
Published: February 2020

W artykule została ukazana rola duchowości chrześcijańskiej, rozumianej jako zespół wartości, postawa i tradycji w procesach wychowywania dojrzałego człowieka. Chodzi o pokazanie, w jaki sposób duchowość inspirowana chrześcijaństwem może wspomagać procesy osiągania dojrzałości ludzkiej i religijnej. Należy pamiętać, że duchowość człowieka w znacznej mierze inspirowana jest treściami religijnymi, choć występuje ona także w postaci duchowości naturalnej – niemającej odniesień do religii. Jej walorem jest m.in. to, że ułatwia nawiązywanie relacji z Transcendencją – Bogiem. To zaś w znacznej mierze kształtuje posiadany przez człowieka obraz Boga, a także akceptacja poznania religijnego. Inną właściwością rozwijanej duchowości jest odkrywanie przez osobę własnej godności, rozpoznawanej zarówno w wymiarze naturalnym, jak i religijnym. Tak kształtowana i rozwijana w toku procesów wychowawczych duchowość sprzyja nabywaniu zdolności człowieka do wychodzenia poza własną ograniczoność i osiąganiu dojrzałości. Na tej podstawie można mówić, że nadaje ona ludzkiemu życiu nową jakość.
Wartości społeczne w edukacji dla zrównoważonego rozwoju
Authors: Babicki Zbigniew
Published: February 2020

Edukacja dla zrównoważonego rozwoju stanowi ważną strategię społeczną, która ma na celu wspieranie koniecznych zmian będących odpowiedzią na globalne zagrożenia społeczno-gospodarcze współczesnego świata. Podkreśla potrzebę podejścia holistycznego, łączącego problemy związane z rozwojem z kwestiami społecznymi i środowiskowymi. Celem artykułu jest próba ukazania potrzeby i znaczenia obecności wartości społecznych w idei zrównoważonego rozwoju, która poprzez edukację zmierza do wywoływania w ludziach zmian o charakterze lokalnym i globalnym. Zmiany te mają prowadzić do budowania lepszego świata opartego na większej integracji ze środowiskiem i w sprawiedliwym społeczeństwie, nie tylko dla współczesnych, lecz także przyszłych pokoleń.
Biograficzne trajektorie sylwetek uczonych jako perspektywa ujmowania ludzkich warunków tego, co specyficznie ludzkie
Authors: Gara Jarosław
Published: February 2020

Recenzja książki:  Uczeni z odległej i nieodległej przeszłości. Rekonstrukcje. Interpretacje. Refleksje. (2019). Żywczok A., Kitlińska-Król M. (red.). Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, 184 s.
Normatywność własnej logiki wychowania i jej związki z innymi rodzajami normatywności
Authors: Benner Dietrich
Published: February 2020

W artykule przedstawiono koncepcję własnej logiki wychowania i opartą na niej specyficzną normatywność pedagogiczną. Autor identyfikuje wychowanie jako kierowane zasadami przyczynowości oddziaływanie edukacyjne, w którym dokonuje się transformacja wpływów zewnętrznych na wewnętrzne. Powodzenie lub niepowodzenie wychowania zależy od przestrzegania transformatywnego charakteru wychowania. Rozważania teoretyczne poparto przykładem, w którym uwyraźniono różnicę między działaniem pedagogicznym i terapeutycznym.
Wolność ontologiczna w rozprawie pt. Świat naturalny jako problem filozoficzny Jana Patočki wobec fenomenologii Husserla
Authors: Rybák David
Published: February 2020

Jan Patočka w swojej rozprawie habilitacyjnej z 1936 roku pt. Świat naturalny jako problem filozoficzny (Přirozený svět jako filosofický problém) przeprowadził krytykę ówczesnej metafizyki subiektywności. W krytyce tej posłużył się fenomenologią i redukcją fenomenologiczną. W poniższym tekście przeanalizowano założenia redukcji fenomenologicznej Patočki i przestudiowano podobieństwa i różnice jego rozważań wobec stanowiska Edmunda Husserla. Zdaniem autora prezentowanego tekstu, czeski fenomenolog pogłębił myślenie fenomenologiczne o pojęcie wolności negatywnej, które wywodzi się ze spontaniczności posiadania świata.
Hospice Volunteers – Their Social and Emotional Competences
Authors: Seredyńska Anna
Published: February 2020

Przedmiotem artykułu są kompetencje społeczne i emocjonalne, które mają podstawowe znaczenie dla wolontariuszy posługujących w hospicjach. Celem autorki jest opracowanie metody umożliwiającej określenie poziomu kompetencji społecznych i emocjonalnych, którymi dysponują kandydaci na wolontariuszy. Wiedza ta będzie przydatna w procesie rekrutacji wolontariuszy do posługi przy chorych i umierających. W części teoretycznej artykułu wyjaśniono, czym jest hospicjum, jakie miejsce zajmują w jego strukturze wolontariusze i jakie stawia się wobec nich oczekiwania odnośnie kompetencji. W części dotyczącej badania główny problem badawczy brzmi: Jakie kompetencje społeczne i emocjonalne posiadają kandydaci na wolontariuszy hospicyjnych? Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników można stwierdzić, że szczególnie cenione są kompetencje emocjonalne związane wynikające z dojrzałości osobowej.