bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The evolving roles of US political partisanship and social vulnerability in the COVID-19 pandemic from February 2020–February 2021
Authors: Kaashoek Justin , Testa Christian , Chen Jarvis T. , Stolerman Lucas M. , Krieger Nancy , Hanage William P. , Santillana Mauricio
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has had intense, heterogeneous impacts on different communities and geographies in the United States. We explore county-level associations between COVID-19 attributed deaths and social, demographic, vulnerability, and political variables to develop a better understanding of the evolving roles these variables have played in relation to mortality. We focus on the role of political variables, as captured by support for either the Republican or Democratic presidential candidates in the 2020 elections and the stringency of state-wide governor mandates, during three non-overlapping time periods between February 2020 and February 2021. We find that during the first three months of the pandemic, Democratic-leaning and internationally-connected urban counties were affected. During subsequent months (between May and September 2020), Republican counties with high percentages of Hispanic and Black populations were most hardly hit. In the third time period –between October 2020 and February 2021– we find that Republican-leaning counties with loose mask mandates experienced up to 3 times higher death rates than Democratic-leaning counties, even after controlling for multiple social vulnerability factors. Some of these deaths could perhaps have been avoided given that the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions in preventing uncontrolled disease transmission, such as social distancing and wearing masks indoors, had been well-established at this point in time.
Determinants of testing for HIV among young people in Uganda. A nested, explanatory-sequential study
Authors: Kalibbala Dennis , Mpungu Steven Kiwuwa , Ssuna Bashir , Muzeyi Wani , Mberesero Happiness , Semitala Fred C. , Katahoire Anne , Armstrong-Hough Mari , Kalyango Joan N. , Musiime Victor
Published: December 2022

Awareness of HIV serostatus helps individuals calibrate behaviour or link to care. Globally, young people (15-24years) contribute over 30% of new HIV infections. Despite progress in enhancing access to HIV services, HIV testing among young people in Uganda is below target. We determined the prevalence and factors influencing HIV testing among young people in a peri-urban district with the highest proportion of young people. We conducted a nested explanatory sequential mixed-methods study from March to May 2019 in Wakiso district. We used stratified cluster random sampling to select 397 rural and 253 urban young people from eight parishes. We collected data using questionnaires and subsequently conducted in-depth interviews with 16 purposively selected survey participants. The prevalence of testing for HIV was 80.2%. Young people related their decisions about HIV testing to self-evaluation of their risk and perceived ability to manage the consequences of a positive result. Participants reported high levels of support for HIV testing from peers, partners, and family members. They perceived health facilities as confusing, distant, expensive, and staffed by judgmental, older health workers as barriers. They felt that mobile testing points solved some of these problems, but introduced less privacy and greater confidentiality concerns. The prevalence of HIV testing among young people in Wakiso district was low compared to the UNAIDS 2030 target but among the highest in sub-Saharan Africa. Community-based programs resolve many concerns about testing at health facilities. However, there is a need to make these programs more comfortable and private.
“Must you make an app?” A qualitative exploration of socio-technical challenges and opportunities for designing digital maternal and child health solutions in Soweto, South Africa
Authors: Klingberg Sonja , Motlhatlhedi Molebogeng , Mabena Gugulethu , Mooki Tebogo , Verdezoto Nervo , Densmore Melissa , Norris Shane A. ,   on behalf of the CoMaCH network
Published: December 2022

Participatory and digital health approaches have the potential to create solutions to health issues and related inequalities. A project called Co-Designing Community-based ICTs Interventions for Maternal and Child Health in South Africa (CoMaCH) is exploring such solutions in four different sites across South Africa. The present study captures initial qualitative research that was carried out in one of the urban research sites in Soweto. The aim was twofold: 1) to develop a situation analysis of existing services and the practices and preferences of intended end-users, and 2) to explore barriers and facilitators to utilising digital health for community-based solutions to maternal and child health from multiple perspectives. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 participants, including mothers, other caregivers and community health workers. Four themes were developed using a framework method approach to thematic analysis: coping as a parent is a priority; existing services and initiatives lack consistency, coverage and effective communication; the promise of technology is limited by cost, accessibility and crime; and, information is key but difficult to navigate. Solutions proposed by participants included various digital-based and non-digital channels for accessing reliable health information or education; community engagement events and social support; and, community organisations and initiatives such as saving schemes or community gardens. This initial qualitative study informs later co-design phases, and raises ethical and practical questions about participatory intervention development, including the flexibility of researcher-driven endeavours to accommodate community views, and the limits of digital health solutions vis-à-vis material needs and structural barriers to health and wellbeing.
Reactive focal drug administration associated with decreased malaria transmission in an elimination setting: Serological evidence from the cluster-randomized CoRE study
Authors: Bridges Daniel J. , Miller John M. , Chalwe Victor , Moonga Hawela , Hamainza Busiku , Steketee Richard W. , Mambwe Brenda , Mulube Conceptor , Wu Lindsey , Tetteh Kevin K. A. , Drakeley Chris , Chishimba Sandra , Mwenda Mulenga , Silumbe Kafula , Larsen David A.
Published: December 2022

Efforts to eliminate malaria transmission need evidence-based strategies. However, accurately assessing end-game malaria elimination strategies is challenging due to the low level of transmission and the rarity of infections. We hypothesised that presumptively treating individuals during reactive case detection (RCD) would reduce transmission and that serology would more sensitively detect this change over standard approaches. We conducted a cluster randomised control trial (NCT02654912) of presumptive reactive focal drug administration (RFDA–intervention) compared to the standard of care, reactive focal test and treat (RFTAT—control) in Southern Province, Zambia—an area of low seasonal transmission (overall incidence of ~3 per 1,000). We measured routine malaria incidence from health facilities as well as PCR parasite prevalence / antimalarial seroprevalence in an endline cross-sectional population survey. No significant difference was identified from routine incidence data and endline prevalence by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) had insufficient numbers of malaria infections (i.e., 16 infections among 6,276 children) to assess the intervention. Comparing long-term serological markers, we found a 19% (95% CI = 4–32%) reduction in seropositivity for the RFDA intervention using a difference in differences approach incorporating serological positivity and age. We also found a 37% (95% CI = 2–59%) reduction in seropositivity to short-term serological markers in a post-only comparison. These serological analyses provide compelling evidence that RFDA both has an impact on malaria transmission and is an appropriate end-game malaria elimination strategy. Furthermore, serology provides a more sensitive approach to measure changes in transmission that other approaches miss, particularly in very low transmission settings.

Trial Registration: Registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02654912, 13/1/2016).
Resource availability and barriers to delivering quality care for newborns in hospitals in the southern region of Malawi: A multisite observational study
Authors: Gondwe Mtisunge Joshua , Desmond Nicola , Aminu Mamuda , Allen Stephen
Published: December 2022

Facility-based births have increased in low and middle-income countries, but babies still die due to poor care. Improving care leads to better newborn outcomes. However, data are lacking on how well facilities are prepared to support. We assessed the availability of human and material resources and barriers to delivering quality care for newborns and barriers to delivering quality care for newborns. We adapted the WHO Service Availability and Readiness Assessment tool to evaluate the resources for delivery and newborn care and barriers to delivering care, in a survey of seven hospitals in southern Malawi between January and February 2020. Data entered into a Microsoft Access database was exported to IBM SPSS 26 and Microsoft Excel for analysis. All hospitals had nursery wards with at least one staff available 24 hours, a clinical officer trained in paediatrics, at least one ambulance, intravenous cannulae, foetal scopes, weighing scales, aminophylline tablets and some basic laboratory tests. However, resources lacking some or all of the time included anticonvulsants, antibiotics, vitamin K, 50% dextrose, oxytocin, basic supplies such as cord clamps and nasal gastric tubes, laboratory tests such as bilirubin and blood culture and newborn clinical management guidelines. Staff reported that the main barriers to providing high-quality care were erratic supplies of power and water, inadequacies in the number of beds/cots, ambulances, drugs and supplies, essential laboratory tests, absence of newborn clinical protocols, and inadequate staff, including paediatric specialists, in-service training, and support from the management team. In hospitals in Malawi, quality care for deliveries and newborns was compromised by inadequacies in many human and material resources. Addressing these deficiencies would be expected to lead to better newborn outcomes.
Yield, water productivity and nutrient balances under different water management technologies of irrigated wheat in Ethiopia
Authors: Tiruye Alebachew Enyew , Asres Belay Sisay , Schmitter Petra , Tegegne Desalegn , Zimale Fasikaw A. , Tilahun Seifu Adimasu
Published: December 2022

Development of irrigation technologies and agricultural water management systems holds significant potential to improve productivity and reduce vulnerability to climate change. Our study dealt with the behavior of irrigation water productivity, partial nutrient balance and grain yield of wheat under the application of different irrigation water management technologies in the Koga irrigation scheme in Ethiopia. For our analysis, we considered three nutrient fluxes entering and leaving farmers’ fields. Our experimental design had three irrigation blocks with three different irrigation water management practices (wetting front detector, Chameleon soil moisture sensor and farmers’ practice as control) on three farm plots replicated in each block. To calculate irrigation water productivity and grain yield of wheat, the amount of irrigation water applied and the agronomic attributes of wheat yield were recorded during the irrigation period. Further, three input and output variables were considered to determine the partial nutrient balances of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). The results showed that the amount of irrigation water used was 33% and 22% less with a wetting front detector and Chameleon sensors, respectively, compared to the farmers’ practice. The wetting front detector (WFD) and Chameleon sensor (CHS) treatments gave a 20% and 15.8% grain yield increment, respectively, compared to the farmers’ practice plot. The partial nutrient balances of N and K were negative for the wetting front detector and chameleon sensor practices while it was positive for P in the control (farmers’ practice) treatment. We conclude that irrigation water management with appropriate technologies can improve yield, water productivity and the nutrient utilization. However, further research needs to be conducted on the suitability of irrigation management technologies to achieve full nutrient balance.
Optimization of Window Size for Calculating Semantic Coherence Within an Essay
Authors: Srivastava Kshitiz , Dhanda Namrata , Shrivastava Anurag
Published: December 2022

Over the last fifty years, as the field of automated essay evaluation has progressed, several ways have been offered. The three aspects of style, substance, and semantics are the primary focus of automated essay evaluation. The style and content attributes have received the most attention, while the semantics attribute has received less attention. A smaller fraction of the essay (window) is chosen to measure semantics, and the essay is broken into smaller portions using this window. The goal of this work is to determine an acceptable window size for measuring semantic coherence between different parts of the essay with more precision.
ANÁLISE DE USO DE CRIATIVIDADE NO PROCESSO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ARTIGOS DE MODA
Authors: Scarpato Lenice Eli Lunkes , Schreiber Dusan , Theis Vanessa
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Analisar o processo criativo na percepção dos profissionais de áreas criativas, que atuam em empresas do setor coureiro-calçadista localizadas na região do Vale dos Sinos.

Metodologia: Optou-se pela abordagem qualitativa e estratégia de pesquisa de campo, considerando seu caráter exploratório. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, sendo analisado por meio da análise textual discursiva.

Resultados: Constatou-se que o processo criativo é constituído de etapas de desejo e motivação intrínseca, preparação, manipulação, geração, verificação e validação de ideias. Contudo, muitos elementos externos, como a pressão para reduzir o lead-time para criar e as responsabilidades sobre o sucesso de vendas e redução de custos, fazem parte do todo que compreende o fenômeno complexo da criatividade no âmbito organizacional.

Implicações teóricas: Como os desafios das organizações, estão cada vez mais relacionados com problemas de caráter multidisciplinar, entende-se que o estudo oferece contribuições para incentivar mais pesquisadores a explorar o viés complexo inerente às organizações na temática de criatividade, de forma a auxiliar os gestores para concepção de práticas que podem potencializar a mesma.

Originalidade: Existe uma necessidade de aplicação da criatividade ao longo das etapas do processo produtivo quando se refere a indústria da moda, o que se contradiz com as estruturas de moda que, muitas vezes, veem o processo criativo a par do processo produtivo. Portanto, torna-se oportuno contribuir com uma investigação que busca a compreensão da criatividade como fenômeno complexo em empresas do segmento da indústria criativa de moda, mais especificamente nos ambientes organizacionais do setor de calçados, na região do Vale dos Sinos.
INFLUENCIADORES DIGITAIS E BRANDING: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOMÉTRICA E SISTEMÁTICA DO CAMPO NO PERÍODO DE 1945-2019
Authors: Barbosa Marcela de Oliveira , Ferreira Frederico Leocádio , Christino Juliana Maria Magalhães
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Mapear e avaliar o campo de estudo dos influenciadores digitais e do branding, para fornecer uma visão global das pesquisas que reúnem os dois temas e para propor agendas de pesquisas futuras baseadas nas lacunas evidenciadas ao término das análises.
Design/metodologia/abordagem: revisão bibliométrica, utilizando a base Web of Science, em um período de publicações de 1945 até 2019. Revisão sistemática utilizando a análise temática.
Resultados: Foi possível mapear as principais palavras-chave indexadas, os principais polos de pesquisa e de publicação, clusterizar as principais referências sobre os termos pesquisados, bem como organizar o conhecimento disperso de forma sistemática e identificar oportunidades de pesquisa embasadas no conhecimento acumulado.
Implicações teóricas: Essa revisão sistemática contribui teoricamente ao entregar evidências sistemáticas para o desenvolvimento global da temática escolhida; ao estabelecer tendências de pesquisa obtidas com a junção da análise bibliométrica e sistemática; ao identificar lacunas de pesquisa e propor pesquisas futuras.
Originalidade: O trabalho tem sua originalidade por ser o pioneiro, salvo melhor juízo, a realizar uma revisão bibliomérica e analisar sistematicamente artigos que versam sobre estratégias de branding e digital influencers, campo esse que vem adquirindo relevância mercadológica e publicitária, impulsionado pela expansão das redes sociais e seu papel na tomada de decisão de compra das pessoas.
Call to Brazilian Ichthiopathologists – The Brazilian Ornamental Fishes Needs You!
Authors: Lauri Liura Sanchez
Published: December 2022

Since fish have potential to grow as pets in this market in Brazil it is interesting to seek another approach of investigation about the diseases that affect these animals. The Ichthiopathologist is the veterinary pathologist who is more interested or specialized at fishes. This professional can bring another look to the ornamental fish chain, since they can focus at microcosms and then make the clinical correlation. Here we list the literature you need to have to follow this profession safely and enhance the entire productive range of Brazilian ornamental fish.
The Role of Text Positions of "Existential Profuseness" in Revealing the Deep Artistic and Psychological Characteristics of the Image of the Narrator of "Poor Liza" by N.M. Karamzin
Authors: Krasnova Olga
Published: December 2022

connections with the deep artistic and psychological features of the image of the narrator of "Poor Liza" by N.M. Karamzin, and the study of the patterns of artistic and psychological meaning generation associated with it. The text position of "existential profuseness" is highlighted and described, here key words and key concepts are considered, as well as the most informative text connections and signs that organize the reader's attention. The article describes the structural and content features of the position of "existential profuseness" in its various manifestations: "poles" and "peaks" of situations and states, "crystallization", paradoxical feelings and judgments, which is significant for establishing the deep artistic and psychological properties of the narrator. The author shows the meaning-forming possibilities of the situation of "existential profuseness" related to the unity of the character, as well as in the aspects of its disclosure.
Linguistic Features of Interdisciplinary Dialogue on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Клементьева Алёна Александровна
Published: December 2022

The author of the article tries to identify and describe linguistic features of the interdisciplinary dialogue on the problems of artificial intelligence. Being a case study of scientific articles and official documents, it allows one to consider the formation of the image of artificial intelligence as a phenomenon of modern culture and social life. The analysis of predicates proves the idea that artificial intelligence can be viewed as an active subject similar to a person. Using metaphors in defining artificial intelligence is considered to be inappropriate. The analysis of linguistic means used in the texts dealing with the problem of artificial intelligence reveals the conditions for conceptual consideration of human nature. The conclusions point out a number of features of the interdisciplinary scientific discourse that is emerging before our eyes in the framework of the development and methodology AI, including the formation of a special image of AI by attributing actional properties to AI systems through predication; shifting the focus from the essence of the AI phenomenon to its functions and properties through the use of numerous analogies, metaphors, etc.
Reflection of Linguacultural Perception of Relationship by Marriage in the Dialect World View of the Kuban Region Inhabitants.
Authors: Kostina Ludmila , BORISOVA Olga
Published: December 2022

The article is focused on the description of the relations between relatives by marriage in the dialect world view of the Kuban region inhabitants. It demonstrates that the most vivid depiction of their linguacultural perception of relations by marriage category can be represented by the archetypic opposition friend or foe. It determines that relationship terms acquire the conceptual characteristics of a friend in the dialect speakers by means of contextual and semantical support, due to their use as a part of paroemia and through lexical, grammatical and word-building means. It determines the duality of relations between relatives by marriage which demonstrates both, retention of stereotype images and scenarios of real life situations and transformation thereof. It proves that, from the ethnocultural point of view, relevant information is communicated via categorization of certain notions of this characteristic by means of concept building features important to the Kuban sub-dialect speakers. It demonstrates that peripheral area is filled with set expressions used for distant relatives nomination, with their main pragmatic feature being the vivid expression of ironic connotation. The conclusion is that the system of relations between relatives by marriage combines both the long-present and transformed linguacultural perception of family and marital relationships among village residents of the Kuban region.
Commemorative Literary Portrait of V. M. Shukshin
Authors: Bogumil Tatiana
Published: December 2022

The article focuses on the memorial lyrics about V. M. Shukshin as a way to model his image as a writer, director and actor. The focus is on the poetic obituaries by V. Vysotsky, A. Voznesensky, E. Yevtushenko, R. Rozhdestvensky as precedent texts for the subsequent memorial tradition which developed into a corpus of works by less known poets. The memorial "supertext" on Shukshin includes a regional component associated with the "native place" of the writer, as well as more universal motifs of life and cinema in their contradictory unity, creative method (author “from grassroots”), literary evolution (ancestors and successors). The literary portrait of Shukshin is built on symbolic details: cheekbones, kersey boots, guilder rose, birch, etc. The poets mention the films that are significant in his biography: the prophetic “Kalina Krasnaya”, the fatal “They Fought for the Motherland”, unfilmed “Stepan Razin”. The pragmatic aspect of commemorative practices reveals a negative component: a parasitic self-affirmation in culture through a public commemoration of a departed celebrity.
Realization of the category of informativeness in ultra-short English stories
Authors: Shatskikh Natalia
Published: December 2022

This article describes the peculiarities of the actualization of the category of informativeness in a relatively new genre of online literature – short short / ultra-short English stories. An ultra-short story (microstory) is a text with a limited number of words (from 6 to 1000 words). A micronarrative has a unique feature of hiding or implying a larger story. In other words, most of the information in the ultra-short story is conveyed implicitly. The reader himself has to decode what was not said, to restore the hidden, implicit meaning (subtext). To create a subtext, authors of microprose use different linguistic and stylistic means. The article deals with the use of such means as metaphor, metonymy, allusion, pun, periphrasis, euphemism, abbreviations, aposiopesis, ellipsis, idiomatic expressions, proverbs and sayings, connotative meanings of words etc. Decoding of the nonverbalized content in an ultra-short story often requires a certain amount of time, intellectual effort, specific knowledge, intense mental work of the reader.
Psychometric properties of the Reward Probability Index in a Colombian sample
Authors:   Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia, Reyes-Buitrago Pablo L. , Bianchi Javier M. ,   Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia, Suárez-Falcón Juan C. ,   Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain, Ruiz Francisco J. ,   Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia
Published: December 2022

Introduction: This study analysed the psychometric properties of the Reward Probability Index (RPI) in an online Colombian sample with 1129 participants. Method: To conduct a cross-validation study, the sample was randomly divided into two subsamples. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted with the first subsample yielding a two-factor structure. Then,the fit of this two-factor model was tested on the second subsample by conducting a confirmatory factor analysis. Results: This model obtained a good fit to the data and measurement invariance across gender was observed. The RPI also showed good internal consistency according to both Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega, scoring .88 in both cases. The RPI demonstrated convergent construct validity given its correlations with other related measures such as the Environmental Reward Observation Scale (r = .81), and the full version of the BehavioralActivation Scale for Depression (r = .71). Conclusions: The RPI showed good psychometric properties in this Colombian sample.
O ensino da Geografia na escola técnica de 2º grau
Authors: Spalding Jandira Maria Cecchet
Published: December 2022

O ensino da Geografia na escola técnica de 2º Grau
Factores de riesgo psicosociales impacto del control y recompensa desde la percepción de residentes médicos
Authors: Pinillos-Patiño Yisel , Osío-Rojas Karen Liseth , Acosta-Fernández Martín , Gauna-Quiñonez Aura , Consuegra Machado José Rafael
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: analizar la percepción de los residentes a factores de riesgos psicosociales a los que se enfrentan a lo largo de su formación académica relacionados con los dominios de control y recompensas del trabajo. Materiales y Métodos: estudio cualitativo con metodología fenomenológica, que utilizó la entrevista a profundidad como técnica de obtención de los datos a partir de los elementos contemplados en la Batería de Instrumentos para la Evaluación de Factores de Riesgo Psicosocial del Ministerio de Protección Social de Colombia. Se entrevistó 42 residentes de 8 especialidades médicas en Barranquilla. El análisis de la información obtenida se interpretó a partir de la teoría sociológica de Schütz. Resultados: se observó relación de la carga de trabajo, tiempo y organización, con el poco reconocimiento al esfuerzo. Además, existe poco apego con las instituciones y no haya vínculo profesional y emocional estable debido a la baja percepción de autorrealización en el ejercicio de su trabajo. Conclusiones: los dominios control y recompensa, se conjeturan como problemáticas frecuentes en el ámbito de las residencias médicas. Si no hay control de las funciones, participación en la toma de decisiones y en el funcionamiento de la institución, y si existen pocas oportunidades de demostrar el dominio en las responsabilidades adquiridas, la percepción de bienestar se ve implicada.
Reflexiones frente al acceso a los serviciosde audiología en el sistema de salud colombiano: una mirada desde los determinantes sociales de la salud
Authors: Méndez Castillo Jaime Alberto
Published: December 2022

La Comisión de los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud corrobora con suficiente evidencia que las condiciones en las que las personas viven y se realizan en sus proyectos de vida determinan la salud o la enfermedad de individuos y colectivos en sus diferentes territorios. En este sentido, el acceso y uso a los servicios de salud es uno de los tantos determinantes sociales que afecta la salud de la gente, puesto que no todos acceden de la misma manera, ya sea por régimen de afiliación, por zona geográfica, barreras administrativas, culturales, etc, que hacen que grupos poblacionales por raza, género, etnia, etc. tengan serias limitaciones en el acceso al sistema. En audiología se han hecho aproximaciones a algunos determinantes sociales de la salud pero no con suficiente contundencia que establezcan relaciones entre dichos determinantes, los servicios de audiología y el sistema de salud que opera bajo la lógica de mercado regulado y le da amplia participación al sector privado por encima del sector público. En esta medida, la reflexión con este artículo motiva a la importancia de abrir nuevas oportunidades en investigaciones para los profesionales en Fonoaudiología, especialistas en audiología, que se ocupen del sistema de salud y allí lo que ocurre con los servicios de audiología.
Calidad de vida del estudiante universitario antes y durante la pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Leitón-Espinoza Zoila Esperanza , Cáceda Ñazco Giovanna Sara , Pérez-Valdez Celixa Lucía , Gómez-Luján María del Pilar , González y González ioleta Fredesminda , Villanueva-Benites Maritza Evangelina
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Comparar la calidad de vida del estudiante universitario antes y durante la pandemia COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: Descriptivo, prospectivo, comparativo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 390 estudiantes de una universidad pública peruana. Se aplicó el Índice de Calidad de Vida de Mezzich (Alfa de Cronbach= 0,870). Los datos fueron recogidos antes y durante la pandemia COVID-19. Resultados: La edad promedio de los estudiantes fue de 19.3+1.6 años, 73% de sexo femenino, 98.7% solteros, 90.3% convivía con la familia y 87.9% no trabajaba. El 24.9% estudiaba medicina humana, 16.7% enfermería, 11.8% trabajo social. Al comparar la calidad de vida general y sus dimensiones de los estudiantes, se encontró que durante la pandemia las puntuaciones promedio disminuyeron con diferencias estadísticas significativas, a excepción de Bienestar físico y Apoyo social-emocional. Así mismo, hubo disminución de la calidad de vida en las variables las variables ocupación, forma de convivencia y carrera (p<0.05). Los varones obtuvieron mejores puntuaciones de calidad de vida a excepción de la dimensión Funcionamiento interpersonal (p<0.05). Conclusiones: la calidad de vida de los estudiantes universitarios en la Pandemia COVID-19 se vio afectada en su vida personal y en su preparación como futuros profesionales, enfrentando grandes retos de adaptación, siendo las mujeres las más afectadas.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CREATIVITY, BUSINESS NETWORK AND INDEPENDENCE IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP OF ACEH YOUTH
Authors: BADARUDDIN BADARUDDIN , AZIS Nasir , SOFYAN Hizir , BASRI Hasan
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of creativity, business Networks and entrepreneurial independence among young people in Aceh. The location of this study was conducted on young and medium-sized business actors in Aceh, the sampling method used non-probability sampling method with purposive sampling technique so that the number of respondents obtained were 170 young entrepreneurs in Aceh. The analytical tool used is Structural Equation Modeling in the model and testing hypotheses and testing a series of relatively complex relationships simultaneously. The results showed that creativity support, business network support, and independence support had a significant influence on entrepreneurship among young people in Aceh. From the results of this study it can be seen that each indicator that forms a latent variable shows the results that meet the criteria, namely the CR value above 1.96 with P-value  that is smaller than 0.05.
WHERE IS KENYA BEING HEADED TO? EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM THE BOX-JENKINS ARIMA APPROACH
Authors: NYONI Thabani
Published: December 2022

Using annual time series data on GDP per capita in Kenya from 1960 to 2017, the study analyzes GDP per capita using the Box – Jenkins ARIMA technique. The diagnostic tests such as the ADF tests show that Kenyan GDP per capita data is I (2). Based on the AIC, the study presents the ARIMA (3, 2, 1) model. The diagnostic tests further show that the presented parsimonious model is stable and reliable. The results of the study indicate that living standards in Kenya will improve over the next decade, as long as the prudent macroeconomic management continues in Kenya. Indeed, Kenya’s economy is growing. The study offers 3 policy prescriptions in an effort to help policy makers in Kenya on how to promote and maintain the much-needed growth.
TAXATION AND WELFARE: MEASURING THE EFFECT OF BULGARIA’S 2007-08 CORPORATE-PERSONAL INCOME TAX REFORMS
Authors: VASILEV Aleksandar
Published: December 2022

This paper utilizes a simple general-equilibrium model to analyse the long-run effects of Bulgaria’s 2007-08 corporate-personal income tax reforms. In particular, we consider the effect working through the firm’s capital structure and argue that the new reforms incentivize firms to increase investment, as the new regime benefits retained earnings. The increase in capital increases output and productivity, which in turn increases consumption and welfare. On average, households are enjoying 8.65% higher consumption in the new steady-state in the benchmark scenario. As a robustness check, we allow for a variable labour supply, where the gain increases further by additional 3.9% of consumption, to produce an overall gain of 13.55%.
UNDERSTANDING SLL/US$ EXCHANGE RATE EXPECTATIONS IN SIERRA LEONE USING BOX-JENKINS ARIMA APPROACH
Authors: JACKSON Emerson Abraham
Published: December 2022

This study was carried out with the purpose of producing twelve out-of-sample forecast for a univariate Exchange Rate variable as a way of addressing challenges faced around dollarization issues in the Sierra Leone economy. In pursuit of this, the ARIMA model was utilized, with the best model [1,4,7] indicating that the Sierra Leone - Leone [SLL] currency will continue to depreciate against the United States Dollar [US$] throughout the year 2020. This was done on the assumption of Ceteris Paribus condition, and most importantly on the view that past events of the univariate exchange rate variable are a determinant of future outcomes or performances. Robustness check was also carried out on within-sample forecast; the within-sample forecast was also utilized to produce out-of-sample forecast for a twelve months duration and this was then compared with the original out-of-sample result. Overall, results from the robustness results proved consistent with each other and only with infinitesimal level of error. In a bid to moving forward, recommendation for policy actions were highlighted, particularly in relation to the establishment of collaboration between relevant policy institutions like the Bank of Sierra Leone and the Ministry of Finance to address issues of concern, for example, a boost to the real sector and many more - in view of the current crisis of COVID-19, action of the central bank seem to be well in place to address abuse of the exchange rate system by unscrupulous traders / importers).
PUBLIC SPENDING AND ECONOMIC WELFARE IN ECOWAS COUNTRIES: DOES LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT MATTER?
Authors: ALIMI R. Santos
Published: December 2022

Conflicting views on the sign of the relationship between government size and economic development have resulted into the testing of non-monotonic relationship in the literature. Therefore, the total effect of growing public spending on economic development is ambiguous. This study investigated how government size affect economic development and determine the optimal government size that promotes economic development in ECOWAS countries. The study employed secondary data covering the period 1986 to 2018.  Data on Gross Domestic Product per capita, government size, population growth rate, inflation rate, gross fixed capital formation and financial development variables were sourced from World Development indicator database. The study constructed social welfare function as development indicator. Data were analysed using Least Absolute Deviation (LAD) regression and quantile regression (QR). The findings showed that quantile regression estimates are negative and significant (p < 0.05) in low quantiles, thus suggesting that deleterious effect of government size is more pronounced among countries with low level of economic development.
CONCEPT OF EVALUATION OF CREDITWORTHINESS OF ENTERPRISES IN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC CYCLE
Authors: USYK Vladislava
Published: December 2022

The economic content and components of creditworthiness of enterprises are substantiated. An in-depth critical analysis and structuring of the main tools and methods for assessing the creditworthiness of enterprises in the current conditions of transformation of the world market. The classification of the main factors influencing the formation of creditworthiness of enterprises and should be taken into account in the formation of strategic guidelines for each enterprise is proposed. The main criteria for assessing the creditworthiness of enterprises depending on the type and specificity of economic activity based on the analysis of credit risk models are substantiated. The concept of assessing the creditworthiness of enterprises in modern conditions of economic cyclicality, taking into account the characteristics of the industry, volume and specifics of activities. A method of assessing the creditworthiness of enterprises by type of economic activity using multidimensional discriminant analysis taking into account the influence of various factors, both internal and external environment, which, unlike existing ones, will quickly determine the financial condition and determine and take into account the impact of various factors. The developed concept of assessing the creditworthiness of enterprises through multidimensional discriminant analysis will ensure effective management decisions and optimize the financial condition.
A MODEL WITH KNOWLEDGE EXTERNALITIES AND EDUCATIONAL POLICY
Authors: VASILEV Aleksandar
Published: December 2022

We utilize a standard endogenous-growth model with knowledge spillovers (the “k-K” model). We characterize the optimal Balanced Growth Path (BGP), and compare it to path under market competition. In the presence of externalities, markets fail. One way to restore efficiency is to subsidize knowledge accumulation, and finance the subsidy by taxing final consumption.
A NOTE ON GENSYS’ MINIMALITY
Authors: SACCAL Alessandro
Published: December 2022

Gensys’non-minimality is shown analytically and necessary and sufficient conditions for vector autoregression representations of states in outputs are presented.
Behavioural Analysis of Stakeholders towards Socio-Economic Change: The Energy Transition Journey in the Area of Gela
Authors: MORSELLI Alessandro , ARSINI Valentina , Di VINCENZO Alessandra
Published: December 2022

This work is divided into three parts. Part One describes the reference literature and in particular the Rogers curve, which is helpful to understand the stage of adoption of innovations in which the population of the Gela area is. According to this theory, the process of acquisition of new technologies follows a customary pattern that may be useful to describe in detail the current attitude of the population towards the conversion in place and to assess or change the implementation of any interventions. Part Two involves the preparation and distribution of a questionnaire of 20 closed-answer questions to investigate: personal data, lifestyle to protect the environment, daily habits on recycling, waste and sustainable mobility, interests in circular economy and potential inclination of the area for its economic development. Part Three concerns the analysis of the answers to the questionnaire, in the light of the Rogers curve, to understand whether or not the data confirm the existence of innovators, in order to understand the impact on the success of the conversion in place and suggest possible correction strategies.
FUZZINESS AND STATISTICS – MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR UNCERTAINTY
Authors: SUNANTA Owat , VIERTL Reinhard
Published: December 2022

Real data from continuous quantities, considered under different models in economic theory, cannot be measured precisely. As a result, measurement results cannot be accurately represented by real numbers, as they contain different kinds of uncertainty. Beside errors and variability, individual measurement results are more or less fuzzy as well. Therefore, real data have to be described mathematically in an adequate way. The best up-to-date models for this are so-called fuzzy numbers, which are special fuzzy subsets of the set of real numbers. Based on this description, statistical analysis methods must be generalized to the situation of fuzzy data. This is possible and will be explained here for descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, objective statistics, and Bayesian inference.
AGGREGATION WITH TWO-MEMBER HOUSEHOLDS AND HOME PRODUCTION
Authors: VASILEV Aleksandar
Published: December 2022

This note explores the problem of family labor supply decision in an economy with two-member households, joint home production, and fixed cost of joint labor supply. Even though the labor supply decisions are not indivisible per se, the presence of such fixed cost and partners with unequal labor productivity create non-convexities. The note shows how lotteries as in Rogerson (1988) can again be used to convexify consumption sets, and we perform aggregation over individual preferences. The main result demonstrated in the paper is that aggregate preferences of males do not differ from individual level ones. However, for females, the disutility of non-market work at the aggregate becomes separable from market work, but keeps its original (logarithmic) form, while the female labor elasticity of the market hours’ supply increases from unity to infinity.
Introducción
Authors: Carvajal Martínez Jorge Enrique
Published: December 2022

En Colombia, hasta en la última década del siglo XX, predominaba en la producción de conocimiento jurídico la dogmática jurídica. Salvo algunas excepciones, las investigaciones no contaban con un marco teórico entre las ciencias sociales que les permitiera comprender mejor el derecho en sus diferentes dimensiones. Carecían de una crítica referida a las prácticas de las instituciones de la administración del Estado, sobre la formación jurídica y acerca de la relación entre realidad y derecho. En términos generales, la cultura jurídica se había caracterizado por fomentar una formación predominantemente dogmática del derecho, que propendía a conocimientos ligados a problemas prácticos de interpretación y aplicación del derecho. Esto se puede enmarcar dentro del concepto de capital jurídico de Pierre Bourdieu (2000); desde este enfoque, quien se forme en el derecho debe tener exclusivamente el conocimiento de la norma jurídica, la cual debe de ser transmitida por aquel que cuenta con un capital jurídico, es decir, los abogados o magistrados, quienes tienen bajo su control el conocimiento e interpretación del corpus de los textos jurídicos y, por tanto, del derecho. De esta manera, en buena medida, el docente del derecho reproduce la norma jurídica sin preocuparse por las dimensiones de la justicia y de la realidad social.
Índice de calidad de vida percibida en pacientes con trastornos gastrointestinales funcionales en Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Celleri Milagros , Koutsovitis Florencia , Cremades Camila , Garay Cristian J.
Published: December 2022

Los trastornos gastrointestinales funcionales (tgf) son enfermedades crónicas que configuran un problema relevante en la salud pública, asociados en investigaciones previas a una peor calidad de vida. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar la calidad de vida en pacientes que acuden a un servicio de neurogastroenterología en un hospital de Argentina ycompararlo con población control. Para ello, se realizó un estudio cuantitativo y transversal incluyendo población clínica diagnosticada con algún tgf (n = 35) y una muestra control sin diagnóstico de tgf (n = 37). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre personas con tgf y sujetos control, χ² (1, n = 70) = 30.23, p < .001 en todas las subdimensiones de la escala de calidad de vida (mqli), exceptuando satisfacción espiritual (pe). Similar a investigaciones previas, los resultados de este estudio sugieren que, en Argentina —al igual que en otros países—, los individuos con tgf muestran una peorpercepción de calidad de vida que la población general. Estos hallazgos podrían contribuir al diseño de intervenciones que contemplen variables biopsicosociales, con el objetivo de una mejoría integral en la calidad de vida de las personas que padecen estos trastornos.
Mitizzazione, rappresentazione e strumentalizzazione del fiume ne Il comandante del fiume di Ubah Cristina Ali Farah
Authors: Kornacka Barbara
Published: December 2022

The aim of the article is to analyze the motif of the river in the novel Il comandante del fiume by Ubah Cristina Ali Farah, which appears on three planes: the level of the myth, of the representation and of the literary device. The use of the river motif demonstrates its literary potential. Furthermore, the river con- firms that the two cultures involved in postcolonial literature yield a new quality due to the acceptance and inclusion of diversity. It also affirms the writer’s autonomy from both her Somali and Italian roots. Finally, the river is established as an indispensable element for the exposition and understanding of the theme dealt by this Bildungsroman.
Opłata od środków spożywczych i jej rola w trosce o zdrowie społeczeństwa
Authors: Namieciński Bartosz
Published: December 2022

Akty prawne wprowadzające obowiązki o charakterze daninowym są niewątpliwie jednymi z najważniejszych w polskim porządku prawnym, nie tylko ze względu na przedmiot regulacji, ale także ze względu na obligatoryjną formę ustawy. Od 1 stycznia 2021 r. obowiązuje nowa danina publiczna o nazwie „opłata od napojów słodzonych cukrem”. Opłata ta budzi wiele kontrowersji, a skutki jej wprowadzenia dotyczą, choćby pośrednio, każdego z nas. Celem opracowania jest próba oceny obowiązujących w tym zakresie rozwiązań prawnych. Na potrzeby podjętych badań, analizie poddano obowiązujące ustawodawstwo oraz dorobek literatury przedmiotu.
Nadużycie prawa procesowego a odmowa nadania klauzuli wykonalności
Authors: Siekierska Dagmara
Published: December 2022

Problematyka nadużycia prawa procesowego w postępowaniu klauzulowym była przedmiotem rozważań naukowych, jednakże w dotychczasowym systemie prawa procesowego brak było unormowania, z którego w drodze wykładni językowej można byłoby wyprowadzić normę prawną pozwalającą na stosowanie klauzul porządku publicznego do oceny wniosku o nadanie klauzuli wykonalności tytułom egzekucyjnym. Wprowadzenie nowelizacją do postępowania klauzulowego art. 782 Kodeksu postępowania cywilnego, w którym ustanowiono trzy podstawy odmowy nadania klauzuli wykonalności, niewątpliwie uzupełniło niniejszą lukę. W konsekwencji powyższego sąd obecnie ma uprawnienie do oceny czy roszczenie objęte tytułem egzekucyjnym nie jest sprzeczne z prawem, czy nie ma na celu obejścia przepisów prawa, bądź czy nie uległo przedawnieniu. Należy uznać, iż regulacja ta – choć wadliwie sformułowana – zasadniczo zasługuje na aprobatę.
Instytucja nocnego burmistrza. Analiza prawna na tle uchwały Rady Miasta Krakowa
Authors: Wyszyński Filip
Published: December 2022

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest analiza instytucji nocnego burmistrza. Instytucja ta została wprowadzona w kilkudziesięciu miastach rozlokowanych na całym świecie. Kraków był pierwszym miastem w Polsce, gdzie w 2019 r. próbowano wprowadzić instytucję nocnego burmistrza. Uchwała była jednak dotknięta nieważnością z punktu widzenia formalnego. W opracowaniu rozważono pozycję prawną nocnego burmistrza w ujęciu prawnoporównawczym.