Abstract CT202: CSFctDNA as a surrogate for tumor tissue DNA in BC pts with CNS metastases: First results from the Brainstorm program (Oncodistinct 006)
Authors: Kotecki Nuria , Martins-Branco Diogo , Nader-Marta Guilherme , Gombos Andrea , Barthelemy Philippe , Gonçalves Anthony , Borcoman Edith , Clatot Florian , Holbrechts Stéphane , D’Esposito Eleonora Stephane de Maio , Cheymol Claire , Vanhaudenarde Vincent , Duhoux François , Duhem Caroline , Clement Paul , Decoster Lore , Denys Hannelore , Lefranc Florence , Canon Jean-Luc , Gligorov Joseph , Arecco Luca , Kindt Nadège , Awada Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) metastases display molecular alterations that differ from primary tumors and metastatic sites, which might confer special CNS sensitivity for targeted treatments. Brain biopsies are an invasive approach and liquid biopsies (LB) are therefore being investigated as a potential tool for detecting these molecular alterations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ctDNA.

Methods: The BrainStorm program (NCT04109131) is an international, prospective, interventional study aiming to build a large clinico-pathological database to investigate the development of CNS metastases: (A) before the diagnosis; (B) at diagnosis; and (C) after the diagnosis of CNS metastases. Molecular landscape of CSFctDNA was analyzed and explored as a surrogate for CNS tumor tissue DNA using large next-generation sequencing panels in tumor tissue and tumor-informed targeted gene panels in LB (OncoDEEP®/OncoFOLLOW®) for patients (pts) included in Part (B).

Results: As of October 2023, CSF was available for 30 out of 67 pts included in Part (B) of the study and analyses were performed for 12 matched extra-CNS tumor, plasma and CSF samples. The 12 cases were derived from pts with breast cancer (BC) (luminal n=6; triple negative (TN) n=2; HER2-positive n=4) and among them 4 pts were diagnosed with leptomeningeal metastases (LM). CSFctDNA was detectable in 7 out of the 12 CSF samples (58%) and in 3 out of 4 pts with LM (75%). In pts with detectable CSFctDNA, detection rate for known pathogenic molecular alterations was 80% (Table 1). No safety concerns from lumbar puncture were identified.

Conclusion: The use of CSFctDNA as a surrogate for tumor tissue DNA in CNS metastases appears to be a feasible and safe approach. Clinically actionable alterations have been identified in CSFctDNA of pts with BC. Further results will be presented at a later stage.

TABLE 1: NAND Table 1: Pathogenic molecular alterations in matched tumor, plasma and CSF from pts with detectable CSFctDNA Tumor type Extra-CNS tumor tissue Plasma CSF TNBC PIK3Ca pH1047R PIK3Ca pH1047R PIK3Ca pH1047R Luminal BC PIK3Ca Q546R PIK3Ca Q546R PIK3Ca Q546R Luminal (LM) None KRAS pG13D None Luminal BC BRCA2 p.Y1655, PIK3CA pE545K BRCA2 pY1655, PIK3CA pE545K BRCA2 pY1655, PIK3CA pE545K TNBC (LM) None None None Luminal (LM) ESR1 D538G, PIK3CA H1047R ESR1 D538G, PIK3CA H1047R ESR1 D538G, PIK3CA H1047R HER2-positive BC ErbB2 amplification None None

Citation Format: Nuria Kotecki, Diogo Martins-Branco, Guilherme Nader-Marta, Andrea Gombos, Philippe Barthelemy, Anthony Gonçalves, Edith Borcoman, Florian Clatot, Stéphane Holbrechts, Eleonora Stephane de Maio D’Esposito, Claire Cheymol, Vincent Vanhaudenarde, François Duhoux, Caroline Duhem, Paul Clement, Lore Decoster, Hannelore Denys, Florence Lefranc, Jean-Luc Canon, Joseph Gligorov, Luca Arecco, Nadège Kindt, Ahmad Awada. CSFctDNA as a surrogate for tumor tissue DNA in BC pts with CNS metastases: First results from the Brainstorm program (Oncodistinct 006) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 2 (Late-Breaking, Clinical Trial, and Invited Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(7_Suppl):Abstract nr CT202.