bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sedimentary Characteristics Analysis and Sedimentary Facies Prediction of Jurassic Strata in the Northwest Margin of Junggar Basin—Covering the W105 Well Region in the Wuerhe Area
Authors: Liu Shiqi , Liu Yuyang
Published: January 2022

As the northwestern area of the Junggar Basin is a key area for oil and gas exploration, the sedimentary facies of the Jurassic formations in the Wuerhe area has long been a focus of research. The target strata are Jurassic strata, including five formations: the Lower Jurassic Badaowan and Sangonghe, the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao and Toutunhe and the Upper Jurassic Qigu. Disputes over the are sedimentary facies division exist in this area. Considering the W105 well region in this area as an example, the overall sedimentary facies of single-well logging facies is analyzed and then expanded to two cross-sections and characterized. Based on previous studies, a detailed overview of the regional stratigraphy is obtained by well logs and other data. Then, two cross-sections are selected and analyzed. The single-well and continuous-well facies of 10 wells in the sections are analyzed to grasp the sand bodies’ spatial distribution. Finally, a planar contour map of the net to gross ratio is mapped to analyze the sources and the distribution of the sand bodies in each period. The sedimentary facies map is also mapped to predict the sedimentary evolution. The results show that the sedimentary facies of the Badaowan Formation in the study area was an underwater distributary channel of the fan-delta front, and the sand body spread continuously from northwest to southeast. The Sangonghe Formation entered a lake transgression period with a rising water level, at which time shore–shallow lacustrine deposits were widespread throughout the region. The period of the Xishanyao Formation entered a regression period, the northwest region was tectonically uplifted, and the central and southeastern regions facies were dominated by the fan-delta front and shallow lacustrine. During the Toutunhe Formation period, the northwest region continued to uplift and was dominated by delta plain facies. During the period of the Qigu Formation, the thickness of stratigraphic erosion reached its maximum, and the non-erosion area of the study area was mainly deposited by the fan-delta plain. Overall, the Jurassic system in the W105 well area is a fan delta–lacustrine–fan delta sedimentary system.
Glycosides for Peripheral Neuropathic Pain: A Potential Medicinal Components
Authors: Tian Miao-Miao , Li Yu-Xiang , Liu Shan , Zhu Chun-Hao , Lan Xiao-Bing , Du Juan , Ma Lin , Yang Jia-Mei , Zheng Ping , Yu Jian-Qiang , Liu Ning
Published: January 2022

Neuropathic pain is a refractory disease that occurs across the world and pharmacotherapy has limited efficacy and/or safety. This disease imposes a significant burden on both the somatic and mental health of patients; indeed, some patients have referred to neuropathic pain as being ‘worse than death’. The pharmacological agents that are used to treat neuropathic pain at present can produce mild effects in certain patients, and induce many adverse reactions, such as sedation, dizziness, vomiting, and peripheral oedema. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover novel drugs that are safer and more effective. Natural compounds from medical plants have become potential sources of analgesics, and evidence has shown that glycosides alleviated neuropathic pain via regulating oxidative stress, transcriptional regulation, ion channels, membrane receptors and so on. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology of neuropathic pain and the existing therapeutic drugs used for disease prevention and treatment. We also demonstrate how glycosides exhibit an antinociceptive effect on neuropathic pain in laboratory research and describe the antinociceptive mechanisms involved to facilitate the discovery of new drugs to improve the quality of life of patients experiencing neuropathic pain.
Structural Engineering and Optimization of Zwitterionic Salts for Expeditious Discovery of Thermoresponsive Materials
Authors: Chu Yen-Ho , Chen Chien-Yuan , Chen Jin-Syuan
Published: January 2022

This work reported the discovery of N-triflimide (NTf)-based zwitter-ionic liquids (ZILs) that exhibit UCST-type phase transitions in water, and their further structural optimization in fine-tuning polarity to ultimately afford newfangled thermosensitive materials carrying attractive and biocompatible Tc values that clearly demonstrated the true value of the tunability of ZIL structure. This research established that with non-aromatic, acyclic ZILs as small-molecule thermoresponsive materials, their mixing and de-mixing with water triggered by temperatures are entirely reversible.
Fruit Bromelain-Derived Peptide Potentially Restrains the Attachment of SARS-CoV-2 Variants to hACE2: A Pharmacoinformatics Approach
Authors: Tallei Trina Ekawati , Fatimawali  , Adam Ahmad Akroman , Elseehy Mona M. , El-Shehawi Ahmed M. , Mahmoud Eman A. , Tania Adinda Dwi , Niode Nurdjannah Jane , Kusumawaty Diah , Rahimah Souvia , Effendi Yunus , Idroes Rinaldi , Celik Ismail , Hossain Md. Jamal , Emran Talha Bin
Published: January 2022

Before entering the cell, the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein receptor-binding domain (RBD) binds to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor. Hence, this RBD is a critical target for the development of antiviral agents. Recent studies have discovered that SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations in the RBD have spread globally. The purpose of this in silico study was to determine the potential of a fruit bromelain-derived peptide. DYGAVNEVK. to inhibit the entry of various SARS-CoV-2 variants into human cells by targeting the hACE binding site within the RBD. Molecular docking analysis revealed that DYGAVNEVK interacts with several critical RBD binding residues responsible for the adhesion of the RBD to hACE2. Moreover, 100 ns MD simulations revealed stable interactions between DYGAVNEVK and RBD variants derived from the trajectory of root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), radius of gyration (Rg), and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) analysis, as well as free binding energy calculations. Overall, our computational results indicate that DYGAVNEVK warrants further investigation as a candidate for preventing SARS-CoV-2 due to its interaction with the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Propolis and Diet Rich in Polyphenols as Cariostatic Agents Reducing Accumulation of Dental Plaque
Authors: Kurek-Górecka Anna , Walczyńska-Dragon Karolina , Felitti Rafael , Baron Stefan , Olczyk Paweł
Published: January 2022

Conducted studies indicate the relationship between oral health and systemic diseases. Moreover, the latest research indicated that cariogenic bacteria may severely influence the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection and increase risk of COVID-19 complications. This article aims to review various applications of propolis and pay attention to a healthy diet rich in polyphenols, which may allow the reduction of dental plaque accumulation. A literature review has been conducted from June until November 2021. It showed that propolis could be a useful agent in decreasing the accumulation of dental plaque. Moreover, a diet rich in polyphenols prevents cariogenic bacteria and reduces the accumulation of dental plaque. A reduction of a dental plaque may influence the risk of a severe course of COVID-19. Therefore, propolis and a diet rich in polyphenols may play an important role in prophylaxis of systemic diseases. Recently, it has been proven that oral infection may affect cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, respiratory system, nervous system, as well as may be a risk factor for diabetes mellitus. These aspects should stimulate clinicians to further research about polyphenols.
Dictamnine Inhibits the Adhesion to and Invasion of Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli (UPEC) to Urothelial Cells
Authors: Yang Wenbo , Liu Peng , Chen Ying , Lv Qingyu , Wang Zhongtian , Huang Wenhua , Jiang Hua , Zheng Yuling , Jiang Yongqiang , Sun Liping
Published: January 2022

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most common pathogenic bacteria associated with urinary tract infection (UTI). UPEC can cause UTI by adhering to and invading uroepithelial cells. Fimbriae is the most important virulence factor of UPEC, and a potentially promising target in developing novel antibacterial treatments. In this study, the antibacterial properties and effects of the compound dictamnine, extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Cortex Dictamni, on the bacterial morphology, cell adhesion, and invasion of UPEC were studied. Dictamnine exhibited no obvious antibacterial activity against UPEC, but significantly impeded the ability of UPEC to adhere to and invade uroepithelial cells. RT-qPCR analysis showed that treatment downregulated the expression of type 1 fimbriae, P fimbriae, and curli fimbriae adhesion genes, and also downregulated adhesion-related receptor genes of uroepithelial cells. Transmission electron microscopy showed that dictamnine destroyed the structure of the fimbriae and the surface of the bacteria became smooth. These results suggest that dictamnine may help to prevent UTI by simultaneously targeting UPEC fimbriae and urothelial adhesin receptors, and may have a potential use as a new anti-UPEC drug.
Investigation of Metastable Low Dimensional Halometallates
Authors: Keerthisinghe Navindra , Christian Matthew S. , Berseneva Anna A. , Morrison Gregory , Klepov Vladislav V. , Smith Mark D. , zur Loye Hans-Conrad
Published: January 2022

The solvothermal synthesis, structure determination and optical characterization of five new metastable halometallate compounds, [1,10-phenH][Pb3.5I8] (1), [1,10-phenH2][Pb5I12]·(H2O) (2), [1,10-phen][Pb2I4] (3), [1,10-phen]2[Pb5Br10] (4) and [1,10-phenH][SbI4]·(H2O) (5), are reported. The materials exhibit rich structural diversity and exhibit structural dimensionalities that include 1D chains, 2D sheets and 3D frameworks. The optical spectra of these materials are consistent with bandgaps ranging from 2.70 to 3.44 eV. We show that the optical behavior depends on the structural dimensionality of the reported materials, which are potential candidates for semiconductor applications.
Growth Inhibition and Apoptotic Effect of Pine Extract and Abietic Acid on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells via Alteration of Multiple Gene Expressions Using In Vitro Approach
Authors: Haffez Hesham , Osman Shimaa , Ebrahim Hassan Y. , Hassan Zeinab A.
Published: January 2022

In vitro anti-proliferative activity of Pinus palustris extract and its purified abietic acid was assessed against different human cancer cell lines (HepG-2, MCF-7 and HCT-116) compared to normal WI-38 cell line. Abietic acid showed more promising IC50 values against MCF-7 cells than pine extract (0.06 µg/mL and 0.11 µM, respectively), with insignificant cytotoxicity toward normal fibroblast WI-38 cells. Abietic acid triggered both G2/M cell arrest and subG0-G1 subpopulation in MCF-7, compared to SubG0-G1 subpopulation arrest only for the extract. It also induced overexpression of key apoptotic genes (Fas, FasL, Casp3, Casp8, Cyt-C and Bax) and downregulation of both proliferation (VEGF, IGFR1, TGF-β) and oncogenic (C-myc and NF-κB) genes. Additionally, abietic acid induced overexpression of cytochrome-C protein. Furthermore, it increased levels of total antioxidants to diminish carcinogenesis and chemotherapy resistance. P. palustris is a valuable source of active abietic acid, an antiproliferative agent to MCF-7 cells through induction of apoptosis with promising future anticancer agency in breast cancer therapy.
Synthesis and In Vitro Study of Antiviral Activity of Glycyrrhizin Nicotinate Derivatives against HIV-1 Pseudoviruses and SARS-CoV-2 Viruses
Authors: Fomenko Vladislav V. , Rudometova Nadezhda B. , Yarovaya Olga I. , Rogachev Artem D. , Fando Anastasia A. , Zaykovskaya Anna V. , Komarova Nina I. , Shcherbakov Dmitry N. , Pyankov Oleg V. , Pokrovsky Andrey G. , Karpenko Larisa I. , Maksyutov Rinat A. , Salakhutdinov Nariman F.
Published: January 2022

When developing drugs against SARS-CoV-2, it is important to consider the characteristics of patients with different co-morbidities. People infected with HIV-1 are a particularly vulnerable group, as they may be at a higher risk than the general population of contracting COVID-19 with clinical complications. For such patients, drugs with a broad spectrum of antiviral activity are of paramount importance. Glycyrrhizinic acid (Glyc) and its derivatives are promising biologically active compounds for the development of such broad-spectrum antiviral agents. In this work, derivatives of Glyc obtained by acylation with nicotinic acid were investigated. The resulting preparation, Glycyvir, is a multi-component mixture containing mainly mono-, di-, tri- and tetranicotinates. The composition of Glycyvir was characterized by HPLC-MS/MS and its toxicity assessed in cell culture. Antiviral activity against three strains of SARS-CoV-2 was tested in vitro on Vero E6 cells by MTT assay. Glycyvir was shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro (IC502–8 μM) with an antiviral activity comparable to the control drug Remdesivir. In addition, Glycyvir exhibited marked inhibitory activity against HIV pseudoviruses of subtypes B, A6 and the recombinant form CRF63_02A (IC50 range 3.9–27.5 µM). The time-dependence of Glycyvir inhibitory activity on HIV pseudovirus infection of TZM-bl cells suggested that the compound interfered with virus entry into the target cell. Glycyvir is a promising candidate as an agent with low toxicity and a broad spectrum of antiviral action.
Putative Anticancer Compounds from Plant-Derived Endophytic Fungi: A Review
Authors: Hridoy Md. , Gorapi Md. Zobayer Hossain , Noor Sadia , Chowdhury Nargis Sultana , Rahman Md. Mustafizur , Muscari Isabella , Masia Francesco , Adorisio Sabrina , Delfino Domenico V. , Mazid Md. Abdul
Published: January 2022

Endophytic fungi are microorganisms that exist almost ubiquitously inside the various tissues of living plants where they act as an important reservoir of diverse bioactive compounds. Recently, endophytic fungi have drawn tremendous attention from researchers; their isolation, culture, purification, and characterization have revealed the presence of around 200 important and diverse compounds including anticancer agents, antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, immunosuppressants, and antimycotics. Many of these anticancer compounds, such as paclitaxel, camptothecin, vinblastine, vincristine, podophyllotoxin, and their derivatives, are currently being used clinically for the treatment of various cancers (e.g., ovarian, breast, prostate, lung cancers, and leukemias). By increasing the yield of specific compounds with genetic engineering and other biotechnologies, endophytic fungi could be a promising, prolific source of anticancer drugs. In the future, compounds derived from endophytic fungi could increase treatment availability and cost effectiveness. This comprehensive review includes the putative anticancer compounds from plant-derived endophytic fungi discovered from 1990 to 2020 with their source endophytic fungi and host plants as well as their antitumor activity against various cell lines.
Alternative Targets for Modulators of Mitochondrial Potassium Channels
Authors: Wrzosek Antoni , Gałecka Shur , Żochowska Monika , Olszewska Anna , Kulawiak Bogusz
Published: January 2022

Mitochondrial potassium channels control potassium influx into the mitochondrial matrix and thus regulate mitochondrial membrane potential, volume, respiration, and synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been found that pharmacological activation of mitochondrial potassium channels during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury activates cytoprotective mechanisms resulting in increased cell survival. In cancer cells, the inhibition of these channels leads to increased cell death. Therefore, mitochondrial potassium channels are intriguing targets for the development of new pharmacological strategies. In most cases, however, the substances that modulate the mitochondrial potassium channels have a few alternative targets in the cell. This may result in unexpected or unwanted effects induced by these compounds. In our review, we briefly present the various classes of mitochondrial potassium (mitoK) channels and describe the chemical compounds that modulate their activity. We also describe examples of the multidirectional activity of the activators and inhibitors of mitochondrial potassium channels.
Computational Studies of Coinage Metal Anion M− + CH3X (X = F, Cl, Br, I) Reactions in Gas Phase
Authors: Wang Fan , Ji Xiaoyan , Ying Fei , Zhang Jiatao , Zhao Chongyang , Xie Jing
Published: January 2022

We characterized the stationary points along the nucleophilic substitution (SN2), oxidative insertion (OI), halogen abstraction (XA), and proton transfer (PT) product channels of M− + CH3X (M = Cu, Ag, Au; X = F, Cl, Br, I) reactions using the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. In general, the reaction energies follow the order of PT > XA > SN2 > OI. The OI channel that results in oxidative insertion complex [CH3–M–X]− is most exothermic, and can be formed through a front-side attack of M on the C-X bond via a high transition state OxTS or through a SN2-mediated halogen rearrangement path via a much lower transition state invTS. The order of OxTS > invTS is inverted when changing M− to Pd, a d10 metal, because the symmetry of their HOMO orbital is different. The back-side attack SN2 pathway proceeds via typical Walden-inversion transition state that connects to pre- and post-reaction complexes. For X = Cl/Br/I, the invSN2-TS’s are, in general, submerged. The shape of this M− + CH3X SN2 PES is flatter as compared to that of a main-group base like F− + CH3X, whose PES has a double-well shape. When X = Br/I, a linear halogen-bonded complex [CH3−X∙··M]− can be formed as an intermediate upon the front-side attachment of M on the halogen atom X, and it either dissociates to CH3 + MX− through halogen abstraction or bends the C-X-M angle to continue the back-side SN2 path. Natural bond orbital analysis shows a polar covalent M−X bond is formed within oxidative insertion complex [CH3–M–X]−, whereas a noncovalent M–X halogen-bond interaction exists for the [CH3–X∙··M]− complex. This work explores competing channels of the M− + CH3X reaction in the gas phase and the potential energy surface is useful in understanding the dynamic behavior of the title and analogous reactions.
Green Synthesis of Oxoquinoline-1(2H)-Carboxamide as Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Agents: An Experimental and In-Silico Approach to High Altitude Related Disorders
Authors: Ali Amena , Ali Abuzer , Warsi Musarrat Husain , Rahman Mohammad Akhlaquer , Ahsan Mohamed Jawed , Azam Faizul
Published: January 2022

At high altitudes, drops in oxygen concentration result in the creation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), which cause a variety of health concerns. We addressed these health concerns and reported the synthesis, characterization, and biological activities of a series of 10 oxoquinolines. N-Aryl-7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoquinoline-1(2H)carboxamides (5a–j) were accessed in two steps under ultrasonicated irradiation, as per the reported method. The anticancer activity was tested at 10 µM against a total of 5 dozen cancer cell lines obtained from nine distinct panels, as per the National Cancer Institute (NCI US) protocol. The compounds 5a (TK-10 (renal cancer); %GI = 82.90) and 5j (CCRF-CEM (Leukemia); %GI = 58.61) showed the most promising anticancer activity. Compound 5a also demonstrated promising DPPH free radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 14.16 ± 0.42 µM. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and carbonic anhydrase (CA), two prospective cancer inhibitor targets, were used in the molecular docking studies. Molecular docking studies of ligand 5a (docking score = −8.839) against the active site of EGFR revealed two H-bond interactions with the residues Asp855 and Thr854, whereas ligand 5a (docking = −5.337) interacted with three H-bond with the residues Gln92, Gln67, and Thr200 against the active site CA. The reported compounds exhibited significant anticancer and antioxidant activities, as well as displayed significant inhibition against cancer targets, EGFR and CA, in the molecular docking studies. The current discovery may aid in the development of novel compounds for the treatment of cancer and oxidative stress, and other high altitude-related disorders.
Effect of Ultrasound and Enzymatic Mash Treatment on Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Black, Red and White Currant Juices
Authors: Kidoń Marcin , Narasimhan Guruprasath
Published: January 2022

Ultrasound treatment is recognized as a potential technique for improvement in the nutritional values of fruit juices. This study was initiated with the objective of evaluating bioactive compounds and some important quality parameters of black (BC), red (RC) and white (WC) currant juices obtained from fruit mash preliminarily treated by enzymes combined with ultrasound. Individual and total phenolic content (TPC), anthocyanins, color parameters, ascorbic acid, antioxidant capacity (TEAC), juice yield, pH, titratable acidity, and soluble solids were investigated. Significant increases in the levels of TPC and antioxidant capacity of sonicated samples were observed. However, ultrasound treatment had no effect on individual phenolic compounds of juices. Sonication of mash before juice pressing did not cause any noticeable changes in ascorbic acid content. Only in the case of WC was an increase in content of vitamin C noticed. The color of juices obtained after treatment was similar to the control sample. It was demonstrated that enzymatic combined with ultrasound treatment of mash for different colored currant fruit did not have any dismissive effect and could even improve some parameters of the juice obtained.
Tribute to Professor Raphael Mechoulam, The Founder of Cannabinoid and Endocannabinoid Research
Authors: Maccarrone Mauro
Published: January 2022

During the last 60 years the relevance for human health and disease of cannabis (Cannabis sativa or Cannabis indica) ingredients, like the psychoactive compound Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol, 120+ cannabinoids and 440+ non-cannabinoid compounds, has become apparent [...]
Glutathione in Brain Disorders and Aging
Authors: Iskusnykh Igor Y. , Zakharova Anastasia A. , Pathak Dhruba
Published: January 2022

Glutathione is a remarkably functional molecule with diverse features, which include being an antioxidant, a regulator of DNA synthesis and repair, a protector of thiol groups in proteins, a stabilizer of cell membranes, and a detoxifier of xenobiotics. Glutathione exists in two states—oxidized and reduced. Under normal physiological conditions of cellular homeostasis, glutathione remains primarily in its reduced form. However, many metabolic pathways involve oxidization of glutathione, resulting in an imbalance in cellular homeostasis. Impairment of glutathione function in the brain is linked to loss of neurons during the aging process or as the result of neurological diseases such as Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, and Alzheimer’s disease. The exact mechanisms through which glutathione regulates brain metabolism are not well understood. In this review, we will highlight the common signaling cascades that regulate glutathione in neurons and glia, its functions as a neuronal regulator in homeostasis and metabolism, and finally a mechanistic recapitulation of glutathione signaling. Together, these will put glutathione’s role in normal aging and neurological disorders development into perspective.
Laser-Induced Interdigital Structured Graphene Electrodes Based Flexible Micro-Supercapacitor for Efficient Peak Energy Storage
Authors: Ray Apurba , Roth Jenny , Saruhan Bilge
Published: January 2022

The rapidly developing demand for lightweight portable electronics has accelerated advanced research on self-powered microsystems (SPMs) for peak power energy storage (ESs). In recent years, there has been, in this regard, a huge research interest in micro-supercapacitors for microelectronics application over micro-batteries due to their advantages of fast charge–discharge rate, high power density and long cycle-life. In this work, the optimization and fabrication of micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) by means of laser-induced interdigital structured graphene electrodes (LIG) has been reported. The flexible and scalable MSCs are fabricated by CO2-laser structuring of polyimide-based Kapton ® HN foils at ambient temperature yielding interdigital LIG-electrodes and using polymer gel electrolyte (PGE) produced by polypropylene carbonate (PPC) embedded ionic liquid of 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-trifluoromethansulphonate [EMIM][OTf]. This MSC exhibits a wide stable potential window up to 2.0 V, offering an areal capacitance of 1.75 mF/cm2 at a scan rate of 5.0 mV/s resulting in an energy density (Ea) of 0.256 µWh/cm2 @ 0.03 mA/cm2 and power density (Pa) of 0.11 mW/cm2 @0.1 mA/cm2. Overall electrochemical performance of this LIG/PGE-MSC is rounded with a good cyclic stability up to 10,000 cycles demonstrating its potential in terms of peak energy storage ability compared to the current thin film micro-supercapacitors.
Morphology, Mechanical, and Water Barrier Properties of Carboxymethyl Rice Starch Films: Sodium Hydroxide Effect
Authors: Rachtanapun Pornchai , Thanakkasaranee Sarinthip , Auras Rafael A. , Chaiwong Nareekan , Jantanasakulwong Kittisak , Jantrawut Pensak , Phimolsiripol Yuthana , Seesuriyachan Phisit , Leksawasdi Noppol , Chaiyaso Thanongsak , Somman Sarana Rose , Ruksiriwanich Warintorn , Klunklin Warinporn , Reungsang Alissara , Ngo Thi Minh Phuong
Published: January 2022

Carboxymethyl rice starch films were prepared from carboxymethyl rice starch (CMSr) treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 10–50% w/v. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of NaOH concentrations on morphology, mechanical properties, and water barrier properties of the CMSr films. The degree of substitution (DS) and morphology of native rice starch and CMSr powders were examined. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to investigate the chemical structure, crystallinity, and thermal properties of the CMSr films. As the NaOH concentrations increased, the DS of CMSr powders increased, which affected the morphology of CMSr powders; a polyhedral shape of the native rice starch was deformed. In addition, the increase in NaOH concentrations of the synthesis of CMSr resulted in an increase in water solubility, elongation at break, and water vapor permeability (WVP) of CMSr films. On the other hand, the water contact angle, melting temperature, and the tensile strength of the CMSr films decreased with increasing NaOH concentrations. However, the tensile strength of the CMSr films was relatively low. Therefore, such a property needs to be improved and the application of the developed films should be investigated in the future work.
Research Progress of Bonding Agents and Their Performance Evaluation Methods
Authors: Gan Junyan , Zhang Xue , Zhang Wei , Hang Rui , Xie Wuxi , Liu Yunfei , Luo Wen , Chen Yu
Published: January 2022

Bonding agents are an important type of additive that are used to increase the interfacial interaction in propellants. A suitable bonding agent can prevent the dewetting between the oxidant and binder, and thus effectively improve the mechanical properties of the propellant. In the current paper, the bonding mechanisms and research progress of different types of bonding agents such as alcohol amine bonding agents, borate ester bonding agents, aziridine bonding agents, hydantoin bonding agents, neutral polymer bonding agents, and so on, are reviewed and discussed. The evaluation methods of their bonding performances including molecular dynamic simulation, contact angle method, in situ loading SEM, characterization analysis, and mechanical analysis are summarized to provide design ideas and reference for future studies.
Nek2 Kinase Signaling in Malaria, Bone, Immune and Kidney Disorders to Metastatic Cancers and Drug Resistance: Progress on Nek2 Inhibitor Development
Authors: Dana Dibyendu , Das Tuhin , Choi Athena , Bhuiyan Ashif I. , Das Tirtha K. , Talele Tanaji T. , Pathak Sanjai K.
Published: January 2022

Cell cycle kinases represent an important component of the cell machinery that controls signal transduction involved in cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation. Nek2 is a mitotic Ser/Thr kinase that localizes predominantly to centrosomes and kinetochores and orchestrates centrosome disjunction and faithful chromosomal segregation. Its activity is tightly regulated during the cell cycle with the help of other kinases and phosphatases and via proteasomal degradation. Increased levels of Nek2 kinase can promote centrosome amplification (CA), mitotic defects, chromosome instability (CIN), tumor growth, and cancer metastasis. While it remains a highly attractive target for the development of anti-cancer therapeutics, several new roles of the Nek2 enzyme have recently emerged: these include drug resistance, bone, ciliopathies, immune and kidney diseases, and parasitic diseases such as malaria. Therefore, Nek2 is at the interface of multiple cellular processes and can influence numerous cellular signaling networks. Herein, we provide a critical overview of Nek2 kinase biology and discuss the signaling roles it plays in both normal and diseased human physiology. While the majority of research efforts over the last two decades have focused on the roles of Nek2 kinase in tumor development and cancer metastasis, the signaling mechanisms involving the key players associated with several other notable human diseases are highlighted here. We summarize the efforts made so far to develop Nek2 inhibitory small molecules, illustrate their action modalities, and provide our opinion on the future of Nek2-targeted therapeutics. It is anticipated that the functional inhibition of Nek2 kinase will be a key strategy going forward in drug development, with applications across multiple human diseases.
Lipid Profiles of the Heads of Four Shrimp Species by UPLC–Q–Exactive Orbitrap/MS and Their Cardiovascular Activities
Authors: Zhu Yongqiang , Li Peihai , Meng Ronghua , Li Xiaobin , Qiu Yuezi , Wang Lizheng , Zhang Shanshan , Zhang Xuanming , Lin Houwen , Zhai Hongbin , Liu Kechun
Published: January 2022

Lipids are key factors in nutrition, structural function, metabolic features, and other biological functions. In this study, the lipids from the heads of four species of shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis (FC), Penaeus japonicus (PJ), Penaeus vannamei (PV), and Procambarus clarkia (PCC)) were compared and characterized based on UPLC–Q–Exactive Orbitrap/MS. We compared the differences in lipid composition of four kinds of shrimp head using multivariate analysis. In addition, a zebrafish model was used to evaluate pro-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, and cardioprotective activities of the shrimp head lipids. The lipids from the four kinds of shrimp head had different degrees of pro-angiogenic activities, and the activities of PCC and PJ shrimp lipids were more significant than those of the other two species. Four lipid groups displayed strong anti-inflammatory activities. For antithrombotic activity, only PCC (25 μg/mL) and PV (100 μg/mL) groups showed obvious activity. In terms of cardioprotective activity, the four kinds of lipid groups significantly increased the zebrafish heart rhythms. The heart distances were shortened, except for those of the FC (100 μg/mL) and PJ (25 μg/mL) groups. Our comprehensive lipidomics analysis and bioactivity study of lipids from different sources could provide a basis for the better utilization of shrimp.
Turbulent Drag Reduction with an Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Water-Soluble Polymer in Slick-Water Hydrofracking
Authors: Wei Juanming , Jia Wenfeng , Zuo Luo , Chen Hao , Feng Yujun
Published: January 2022

Water-soluble polymers as drag reducers have been widely utilized in slick-water for fracturing shale oil and gas reservoirs. However, the low viscosity characteristics, high operating costs, and freshwater consumption of conventional friction reducers limit their practical use in deeper oil and gas reservoirs. Therefore, a high viscosity water-soluble friction reducer (HVFR), poly-(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid), was synthesized via free radical polymerization in aqueous solution. The molecular weight, solubility, rheological behavior, and drag reduction performance of HVFR were thoroughly investigated. The results showed that the viscosity-average molecular weight of HVFR is 23.2 × 106 g⋅mol−1. The HVFR powder could be quickly dissolved in water within 240 s under 700 rpm. The storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) as well as viscosity of the solutions increased with an increase in polymer concentration. At a concentration of 1700 mg⋅L−1, HVFR solution shows 67% viscosity retention rate after heating from 30 to 90 °C, and the viscosity retention rate of HVFR solution when increasing CNaCl to 21,000 mg⋅L−1 is 66%. HVFR exhibits significant drag reduction performance for both low viscosity and high viscosity. A maximum drag reduction of 80.2% is attained from HVFR at 400 mg⋅L−1 with 5.0 mPa⋅s, and drag reduction of HVFR is 75.1% at 1700 mg⋅L−1 with 30.2 mPa⋅s. These findings not only indicate the prospective use of HVFR in slick-water hydrofracking, but also shed light on the design of novel friction reducers utilized in the oil and gas industry.
Evolution Analysis of Free Fatty Acids and Aroma-Active Compounds during Tallow Oxidation
Authors: Song Shiqing , Zheng Feiting , Tian Xiaoyan , Feng Tao , Yao Lingyun , Sun Min , Shi Lei
Published: January 2022

To explore the role of fatty acids as flavor precursors in the flavor of oxidized tallow, the volatile flavor compounds and free fatty acid (FFAs) in the four oxidization stages of tallow were analyzed via gas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry (MS), the aroma characteristics of them were analyzed by GC–olfactory (GC-O) method combined with sensory analysis and partial least-squares regression (PLSR) analysis. 12 common FFAs and 35 key aroma-active compounds were obtained. Combined with the results of odor activity value (OAV) and FD factor, benzaldehyde was found to be an important component in unoxidized tallow. (E,E)-2,4-Heptadienal, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, (E)-2-nonenal, octanal, hexanoic acid, hexanal and (E)-2-heptenal were the key compounds involved in the tallow flavor oxidation. The changes in FFAs and volatile flavor compounds during oxidation and the metabolic evolution of key aroma-active compounds are systematically summarized in this study. The paper also provides considerable guidance in oxidation control and meat flavor product development.
Synthesis of Functionalized Thiophene Based Pyrazole Amides via Various Catalytic Approaches: Structural Features through Computational Applications and Nonlinear Optical Properties
Authors: Kanwal Iram , Rasool Nasir , Zaidi Syeda Huda Mehdi , Zakaria Zainul Amiruddin , Bilal Muhammad , Hashmi Muhammad Ali , Mubarik Adeel , Ahmad Gulraiz , Shah Syed Adnan Ali
Published: January 2022

In the present study, pyrazole-thiophene-based amide derivatives were synthesized by different methodologies. Here, 5-Bromothiophene carboxylic acid (2) was reacted with substituted, unsubstituted, and protected pyrazole to synthesize the amide. It was observed that unsubstituted amide (5-bromo-N-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)thiophene-2-carboxamide (7) was obtained at a good yield of about 68 percent. The unsubstituted amide (7) was arylated through Pd (0)-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling, in the presence of tripotassium phosphate (K3PO4) as a base, and with 1,4-dioxane as a solvent. Moderate to good yields (66–81%) of newly synthesized derivatives were obtained. The geometry of the synthesized compounds (9a–9h) and other physical properties, like non-linear optical (NLO) properties, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and other chemical reactivity descriptors, including the chemical hardness, electronic chemical potential, ionization potential, electron affinity, and electrophilicity index have also been calculated for the synthesized compounds. In this study, DFT calculations have been used to investigate the electronic structure of the synthesized compounds and to compute their NMR data. It was also observed that the computed NMR data manifested significant agreement with the experimental NMR results. Furthermore, compound (9f) exhibits a better non-linear optical response compared to all other compounds in the series. Based on frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis and the reactivity descriptors, compounds (9c) and (9h) were predicted to be the most chemically reactive, while (9d) was estimated to be the most stable among the examined series of compounds.
Comparability of CMV DNA Extraction Methods and Validation of Viral Load
Authors: Uwiringiyeyezu Théophile , El Khalfi Bouchra , Saile Rachid , Belhachmi Jamal , Soukri Abdelaziz
Published: January 2022

Human cytomegalovirus is a herpesvirus that has a worldwide seroprevalence of more than 60% of adults in developed countries and 90% in developing countries. Severe disabilities in newborns are characteristic of the human cytomegalovirus congenital infection, and this virus is implicated in graft rejection in transplant patients. To treat and follow-up the infection, the CMVPCR viral loads are required, and the DNA extraction step remains very important; however, the quantity, quality, and purity of extracted DNA from different biological fluids influence the results of PCR amplification, that is why for reliable results, the choice of nucleic acid extraction methods requires careful attention. Materials and methods: In this study, we compare 4 protocols, I (EZ1 DSP Virus kit), II (EZ1 Virus mini kit), III (QIAamp DSP virus kit), and IV (heating); the extractions are made from plasma collected on EDTA tubes, and the concentration of extracted DNA was measured on NanoDrop Lite followed by real-time CMVPCR using an Artus CMV QS-RGQ kit. All protocols are performed following the manufacturer’s instructions. Results: This study is conducted on the samples of 135 transplant patients whose follow-up medical tests related to human cytomegalovirus infection; since most of the CMVPCR results are negative, we have chosen the 10 CMVPCR positive samples and 2 negative samples as controls to conduct this comparison study. By using NanoDrop Lite to evaluate the DNA concentration, the yield of extracted DNA is higher in our heating protocol than other protocols, the EZ1 DSP virus kit and EZ1 Virus mini kit show homogeneous quantities, and the QIAamp DSP virus kit shows very low DNA yields. Comparing cycle threshold and viral loads by real-time PCR, all these protocols identified negative samples (100%), and the previously positive samples used were as follows: protocol IV (90%), protocol II (60%), and protocol I (40%). QIAamp DSP virus kit results were not real-time PCR applicable and were non-conclusive because of the low DNA yields. Conclusion: Our developed heating method (protocol IV) is very effective, reliable, simple, fast, and cheap compared to the other protocols in our study.
Educación ambiental y la evaluación de residuos plásticos durante la pandemia en distrito de Barranca
Authors: Guzmán Avalos Magna , Sánchez Rodríguez Dante Elmer , Yovera Saldarriaga José , More López Jesús Manuel , Cruz Nieto Dante Daniel
Published: January 2022

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la cantidad de residuos de plásticos generados durante la pandemia. Se basa en la metodología descriptiva longitudinal, en donde se empleó el método de Kunitoshi Sakurai y se elaboraron cuestionarios sobre qué actitud toman al momento de reciclar, caracterización y cuantificación de residuos. Los resultados determinaron que en noviembre sobresalió con 57.32 %, per cápita de residuos sólidos domiciliarios el jueves con 0.49 kg/habitante/ día, porcentaje de residuos plásticos por mes con 7.48 % en noviembre, porcentaje en relación al per cápita el viernes con 10.85 % y actitud de reciclar con 61 % no reciclan. Se concluye que, en noviembre destacó con 7.48 %; es decir que en 100 Kg de residuos 7.48 Kg son plásticos. Por lo tanto, se establece como un indicador porcentual, para que se tome conciencia ecológica al momento de reciclar con el fin de reducir la contaminación.
Experiencias adaptativas de líderes de influencia a entornos virtuales: una perspectiva de aprendizaje en pandemia
Authors: Fernández Roncal Delia , Balabarca Cárdenas Yván Martín , Martinez Tejada Victoria , Turpo Chaparro Josué , Malca Peralta Segundo Salatiel
Published: January 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue validar experiencias adaptativas en tres aspectos: procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, manejo de  herramientas  digitales  y   el   impacto en el aspecto personal. El estudio es de enfoque cualitativo, con un proceso de investigación-acción  participativa   durante la pandemia; cómo la adaptación de forma deliberada e involuntaria  generó  exigencia al afrontamiento de la incertidumbre, la aceptación de reinventarse en el ejercicio de la influencia en una  nueva  situación,  llevó a tomar los recursos ofrecidos, partiendo desde  lo  conocido   hacia   lo  desconocido y  en  ocasiones  desde  lo  desconocido  para mantener lo  conocido,  dejando  ver una  línea  de  pensamiento,  construida desde impresiones, acciones inductivas y deductivas. La información fue recogida a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a 15 líderes de influencia, vía plataforma Zoom. Los resultados mostraron que las experiencias adaptativas dejaron un potencial digital para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, con un particular impacto personal.
STABILIZATION OF SUBSIDENCE OF BUILDINGS OF MODERN MEDICAL CENTERS
Authors: Erykov A.
Published: January 2022

the group of deformed structures includes buildings that have received unacceptable subsidence and deformation during the period of their construction and especially operation, which, however, do not interfere with the perfor-mance of their main functions, but may eventually collapse. Their causes are errors in engineering and geological surveys and design; violation of the rules for performing construction work and operation of buildings and struc-tures. Long-term geodetic observations of the precipitation of the foundations of buildings on pile foundations have shown that both absolute and relative stabilized values of subsidence in the vast majority of cases are less than them and the normative limit values are calculated. Therefore, the group of deformed buildings on pile foun-dations includes somewhat less often similar objects with shallow foundations. The reasons for excessive subsid-ence of the foundations of pile foundations of buildings (and as a result, the occurrence and development of cracks and other deformations in load – bearing structures), in addition to these, are most often: unjustified use of increasing correction coefficients for the results of compression tests of highly acidic soils; the lower ends of the piles falling into layers of weak soil; the tip of the piles sinking from the design mark; overestimation of the bear-ing capacity of the piles due to non-compliance with the optimal time of their "rest" after immersion or erroneous interpretation of the graphs "load-pile sediment"; excessively close placement of neighboring piles in the plan, which when they are immersed, especially in the sand, leads to "pushing" up previously submerged; uneven load-ing of piles as part of the grillage; deformation of existing buildings and structures when driving piles near and tongue-and-groove, the development of pits, etc.
Akuntansi Antropologi: Ritus Pernikahan Jawa Dengan Pembukuan Untuk Nilai Kemasyarakatan
Authors: Ramadhania Reza
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini akan berfokus pada akuntansi antropologi pada ritus pernikahan adat jawa. Pernikahan adat jawa yang menggunakan sistem pembukuan untuk meningkatkan nilai kemasyarakatan. Istilah buwuhan muncul pada masyarakat adat jawa dalam ritus pernikahan. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui ritus pernikahan adat jawa dengan menggunakan sistem pembukuan untuk meningkatkan nilai kemasyarakatan. Pemilihan informan berdasarkan metode snow ball sampling dan metode pengumpulan data dari sumber data primer dan sekunder. Buwuhan menjadi tradisi masyarakat untuk memberi barang atau uang kepada orang yang memiliki acara pernikahan. Tujuannya tak lain untuk membantu atau meringankan beban orang yang memiliki acara tersebut.
Refleksi Gerakan Politik Islam Indonesia H.O.S Tjokroaminoto Serta Relevansinya Terhadap Indonesia Masa Kini
Authors: Jamil Dzulkarnain
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan hal yang baru dalam pandangan H.O.S Tjokroaminoto tentang gerakan politik Islam Indonesia serta relevansinya dengan Indonesia masa kini, selain itu evaluasi kritis terhadap H.O.S Tjokroaminto tentang Gerakan Politik Islam yang terdapat dalam beberapa karyanya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pustaka dengan menggunakan metode Hermeneutika. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Gerakan Politik Islam seharusnya diarahkan untuk menghidupakan persaudaraan sesama anak bangsa dan menciptakan kemandirian yang sebenarnya melalui penggalian terhadap budaya luhur bangsa sehingga mampu menghasilkan manfaat yang sebesar-besarnya bagi seluruh lapisan masyarakat. Hakikat gerakan politik Islam H.O.S Tjokroaminoto dan relevansinya dengan Indonesia masa kini dapat menuntun kita menjadi manusia yang aktif dan kreatif serta inovatif dalam memperjuangkan hak-hak masyarakat secara umum. Gerakan politik islam yang berlangsung dengan tanpa persatuan tidak dapat menuju cita-cita dan tujuan utama yaitu membawa berkah bagi semesta.
Membangun Perekonomian Desa Berkelanjutan Melalui Manajemen Kinerja Berbasis Community Empowerment
Authors: Zakaria Alif Muhammad , Rachmat Mauliyana
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT : The village is the basic social basis of a country's order, therefore empowering rural communities is very important to support a sustainable economy, performance management through empowerment is the main key in overcoming human resource problems such as poverty, unemployment and social inequality. This study uses qualitative analysis methods, the research data was obtained from literature and field studies in Samirono Getasan Village, Semarang Regency by looking for competent sources, sources of government and private institutions that support and are relevant. Data analysis was performed with a descriptive approach that outlined the facts along with the data obtained at the study site. The results of this study prove that performance management based on community potential empowerment has a significant role in building a sustainable rural economy.
Analisis Kegiatan Ukm Terhadap Prestasi Akademik Mahasiswa Pendidikan Akuntansi Unipma
Authors: Prasmadani Serly Olivia , Maharani Ananda putri , Febrianti Anfal wylda
Published: January 2022

Setiap mahasiswa pasti memiliki bakat yang terpendam, melalui UKM mahasiswa dapat menyalurkan bakat dan minatnya sehingga mereka mampu meraih prestasi. Namun, diluar bakat dan minat mahasiswa ada hal yang tidak kalah penting yaitu prestasi akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prestasi mahasiswa yang mengikuti UKM dan tidak mengikuti UKM. Hasilnya adalah prestasi yang diperoleh mahasiswa aktif UKM terdapat peningkatan meskipun tidak signifikan. Dilihat dari ranah akutansi keperilakuan dengan paradigma religius dan positivisme terdapat perilaku yang tidak dibenarkan yaitu kegiatan menyontek yang dijadikan kebiasaan dengan alasan tidak memahami materi.
Zakat Produktif Ternak Bergulir Sebagai Sarana Kesejahteraan Ekonomi Di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Fahrizal Moh , Su’ud Ma’adi Alan
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendayagunaan zakat produktif Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) di Pamekasan melalui sektor peternakan. jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif dengan informan yaitu mustahik yang menerima bantuan ternak. Hasil penelitian merupakan pendayagunaan zakat produktif memberikan dua ekor kambing ternak kepada mustahik untuk diberdayakan sehingga bisa membatu permasalahan ekonomi di masa pandemi covid-19.