bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 transmission risk minimization at public transportation stops using Differential Evolution algorithm
Authors: Mutlu Mehmet Metin , Aksoy İlyas Cihan , Alver Yalcin
Published: October 2023

Public transportation vehicles, with their confined spaces and limited ventilation, are considered among the primary factors in the spread of COVID-19. As a measure to slow the spread of the virus during the pandemic, governments have applied passenger capacity restrictions to ensure physical distancing. On the other hand, the increase in the risk of disease transmission associated with passengers waiting together at stops is omitted. In this study, we consider the risk of disease transmission as a travel cost and formulate a risk minimization problem as a transit network frequency setting problem. We develop a bi-level optimization model minimizing the total infection risk occurring at stops, namely, the cumulative disease transmission risk cost. The Differential Evolution algorithm is employed to cope with the NP-hard bi-level transportation network design problem. We propose a novel objective function for the upper-level model, considering the infection risk cost based on passenger traffic at public transportation stops. A congested user-equilibrium transit assignment model is utilized to determine passenger movement. The proposed model is applied to a small-size hypothetical network, and a mid-size test network. Experimental studies provide evidence that the model can produce optimal solutions. Optimization results show significant improvements in the reduction of disease transmission risk compared to the optimizations depending on the traditional practice of transportation network planning based on user and operator costs. The proposed model provides risk cost reductions of 51% and 22% compared to the optimal solutions based on user cost minimization in the hypothetical network and Mandl’s network, respectively.
The development of cycling in European countries since 1990
Authors: Schepers Paul , Helbich Marco , Hagenzieker Marjan , Geus Bas de , Dozza Marco , Agerholm Niels , Niska Anna , Airaksinen Noora , Papon Francis , Gerike Regine , Bjørnskau Torkel , Aldred Rachel
Published: October 2023

High pre-World-War-2 modal shares of cycling in European countries sharply decreased during the post-war decades. In the 1990s, European governments introduced policies to increase bicycle use. However, a database or longitudinal study on the development of bicycle use in European countries is lacking. The goal of this paper is to examine to what degree the amount of cycling has increased over the past decades, also in the context of potentially competing modes. Distances travelled per capita according to National Travel Surveys have been collected and were aggregated to seven 4-year periods between 1990 and 2017. Multilevel regression analyses on distance travelled per capita by bicycle, on foot, by public transport, and by passenger car were conducted for all countries. Additionally, analyses were conducted for which the 14 countries with data on bicycle use were divided in three groups categorised according to distance cycled per capita at the beginning of the study period. Distance cycled per capita per year ranged from some 30 km to 900 km. The results of all four regression analyses suggested that distance cycled per capita remained fairly constant over the past decades. Germany is an exception with some 150 km per capita more, in relative terms a 50% increase. Geographical variation in development is evidenced by a substantial increase of distance cycled per inhabitant in the capital cities of the countries included in the study. The outcomes suggest distance travelled on foot and by public transport (bus, tram, and metro) also remained fairly constant while the distance travelled by car increased by about 10% during the study period. We did not find indications that cycling substitutes travel on foot, by public transport or by car.
The safety of physically separated cycle tracks compared to marked cycle lanes and mixed traffic conditions in Amsterdam
Authors: van Petegem Jan Hendrik , Schepers Paul , Wijlhuizen Gert Jan
Published: October 2023

Bicycle infrastructure is utilised to improve cycling safety and encourage bicycle use as a sustainable and healthy transport mode. This study sets out to assess whether providing physically separated cycle tracks along distributor roads, as prescribed in Dutch design guidelines and the Sustainable Safety vision, yields the expected safety benefits for cyclists. Therefore the safety of physically separated cycle tracks is compared to marked or painted cycle lanes and to mixed traffic conditions at distributor roads with a speed limit of 50 km/h in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. The study also includes the presence of the risk factors curbside parking and trams. Since police records are known to underreport single bicycle crashes and other crashes without a motor vehicle involved, ambulance records are used in this study instead. Also, both motor vehicle volumes as well as cyclists counts are taken into account in the crash analysis. By doing so, this study aims to address two weaknesses of previous research, i.e. the lack of control for exposure of cyclists and the use of police recorded crashes which miss the majority of bicycle crashes without motor vehicles.  Results show that, controlled for kilometres travelled by bicycle and by motor vehicle, 50-60% less bicycle crashes occur on distributor roads with cycle tracks compared to those with cycle lanes. Curbside parking and trams are related to an increased likelihood of bicycle crashes, a difference of a factor 2 and 1.7-2 respectively. The authors therefore recommend to favour physically separated cycle tracks over cycle lanes and to take out curbside parking from the cross section as this presents the possibility to introduce cycle tracks in existing cross sections and mitigate an important risk factor concurrently.
Timelines of Transportation Infrastructure Delivery 2000 to 2018 in Toronto, Canada and London, UK
Authors: Saxe Shoshanna , Dean Marco , Raghav Shivani , Durrant Dan , Siemiatycki Matti
Published: October 2023

This paper explores the timelines of large transportation infrastructure delivery, from first proposal to construction and opening in London, UK and Toronto, Canada. The goal of the paper is to identify both how long it takes projects to go from idea to delivery, the relative time of different stages in the delivery process, and if projects with long timelines see physical or technological changes in their design. This work contributes to two ongoing discussions around the speed of infrastructure delivery, one that argues infrastructure moves too slowly and major efforts are needed to speed delivery and another that argues that good infrastructure thinking requires time to breathe and care should be taken in rushing through the delivery process. Detailed delivery timelines from initial proposal to construction or operation are developed for 26 transportation projects (16 in Toronto and 10 in London) between the years 2000 and 2018. For each project the timelines of inception, approval, planning, procurement, environmental assessment, construction and operational phases are identified and compared. Long informal gestation periods are identified for many projects, particularly for linear projects. In many instances the informal gestation period dwarfs the time projects spent in formal planning. This research highlights the need to expand the conception of timeliness of infrastructure delivery to include the lengthy periods of informal debate and planning that can span years and build up community expectations about the imminence of a project, even before it has received formal assessment or approval. Detailed delivery timelines from initial proposal to construction or operation are developed for 26 transportation projects (16 in Toronto and 10 in London) between the years 2000 and 2018. For each project the timelines of inception, approval, planning, procurement, environmental assessment, construction and operational phases are identified and compared. Long informal gestational periods are identified for many projects, particularly for linear projects. In many instances the informal gestation period dwarfs the time projects spent in formal planning. This research highlights the need to expand the conception of timeliness of infrastructure delivery to include the lengthy periods of informal debate and planning that can span years and build up community expectations about the imminence of a project, even before it has received formal assessment or approval.
Assessing adoption intention of electric vehicles in India: The mediating role of government policies
Authors: Joshi Nitin , Malhotra Meenakshi , Singh Jashandeep
Published: October 2023

The total number of vehicles is expected to be 2.5 billion by the year 2050. To stabilize the impact on environment, the automobile sector has shown various innovations by shifting from conventional vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs). However, there is less acceptance of electric cars in India, so this research paper explores the various factors affecting EV adoption intention.  The key factors studied are price, environmental concern, infrastructure requirement, and knowledge of EV. This paper also shows that government policies act as a mediator between factors like price, knowledge of EV, and infrastructure requirement on adoption intention of EVs. This research paper presents insights for the decision-makers to understand the determinants and design the strategies for increased adoption intention of EVs.
Perceived car dependence and multimodality in urban areas in Flanders (Belgium)
Authors: Van Eenoo Eva , Fransen Koos , Boussauw Kobe
Published: October 2023

In this study, we test the extent to which people who reside in hypothetically car-independent neighbourhoods travel  multimodally and perceive themselves as car dependent. We used the Flemish region as our study case, and defined a car-independent neighbourhood as an area with a high node and a high place value. A cluster analysis with four constituent variables – car use frequency, bicycle use frequency, vehicle kilometers travelled (VKT) and the need for a car to carry out daily activities - led to defining four heterogeneous groups of car owners. We labelled the groups as car-dependent motorists - long distance, car-dependent motorists - short distance, car-independent cyclists and car-dependent cyclists. We found all clusters to be to some extent multimodal. For our selected study area, car ownership does not necessarily induce perceived car-dependence among people who can easily get around by bicycle. Nevertheless, even in an urban setting and when exhibiting multimodal travel patterns, people can perceive their car as indispensable. Perceived car dependence is not necessarily correlated with high VKT or high frequency of car use, neither can we conclude that multimodal behaviour necessarily leads to less VKT.
САКРАЛИЗАЦИЯ КОЛЛЕКТИВНОЙ ПАМЯТИ КАК СПОСОБ ИДЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОСВОЕНИЯ ПРОШЛОГО В ЭПОХУ МЕТАМОДЕРНА
Authors: Корнющенко-Ермолаева Наталия Сергеевна
Published: October 2023

Актуальность: статья посвящена анализу новых стратегий идеологии в работе с коллективными представлениями о прошлом в обществах метамодерна. Затрагиваются вопросы, связанные с трансформацией структуры и содержания идеологии, изменением главного объекта её воздействия и новыми инструментами в управлении коллективным сознанием и бессознательным. Главной гипотезой статьи является предположение о том, что для обществ метамодерна характерна не деидеологизация, а, скорее, кризис идеологии, выразившийся в недоверии и подозрительности к власти, отвержении предшествующих метанарративов, которые составляли фундамент идеологий и обеспечивали легитимность власти в предшествующие периоды. Цель: показать, что основным объектом воздействия новых идеологий в обществах метамодерна оказывается не человек как свободная личность, а коллективная память. В первой трети XXI в. выстраивается новая политическая онтология, центральное место в которой занимает история. Тезис статьи заключается в утверждении, что новые гибридные формы идеологии работают не с историческим сознанием, а с содержаниями коллективной памяти. Для идеологии традиционно характерно переписывание прошлого, однако в эпоху метамодерна её работа проявляется в целенаправленном и сознательном процессе сакрализации коллективной памяти, который разворачивается одновременно с процессами десакрализации коллективных представлений о прошлом. Эти процессы имеют свои специфические особенности в зависимости от политических режимов. Рассмотрены основные процессы сакрализации исторической памяти в авторитарных/тоталитарных и демократических обществах. Показано, что целью сакрализации как идеологического инструмента в авторитарных/тоталитарных обществах является легитимация власти, поддержание коллективной идентичности и повышение патриотических настроений масс. Методы: системный подход, герменевтика, феноменологический метод. Выводы: общества метамодерна не являются деидеологизированными. Идеологический комплекс как набор интеллектуальных стратегий сохраняет свой функционал, но переходит в новые формы существования, доминирующей из которых становится теневая, латентная идеология. Её основными институтами становятся историческая политика и политика памяти. Теневая идеология выстраивает свою работу с коллективными представлениями как скрытую, неочевидную, требующую расшифровки и реконструкции. Однако ей удается эффективно сформировать конкретные поведенческие установки и паттерны у широких масс в ограниченный период времени. Посредством набора практик по работе с коллективной памятью латентная идеология канонизирует определенную традицию, фиксируя её в виде канона священных текстов, мемориальной культуры памятных мест и дат, ритуальных действий и обрядов. Историческое прошлое становится для идеологии материалом, открывающим широкие возможности для манипуляций коллективными представлениями, мотивацией и оценками социальных групп.
УСЛОВИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ИННОВАЦИЙ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ ШВЕЙЦАРИИ КАК ФАКТОР УСПЕШНОЙ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ КЛАСТЕРНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ
Authors: Томашевская Юлия Николаевна
Published: October 2023

Практическая значимость статьи состоит в подробном рассмотрении опыта развития инновационной системы Швейцарии как страны, имеющей самый высокий результат в развитии инноваций, с акцентом на основных институтах, этапах и механизмах, способствующих интенсификации обмена знаниями, разработки инноваций и усиления конкурентной позиции страны на мировом рынке. Анализ наиболее важных этапов становления инновационной системы позволил выделить ее значимые особенности в Швейцарии, среди которых целенаправленная политика по развитию человеческого капитала, приводящая к повышению активности НИОКР на предприятиях, созданию инноваций и их распространению через деловые сети; эффективная политика в области социальных вопросов в сочетании с инновационной политикой; международная открытость; финансирование различных отраслевых проектов с предоставлением свободы выбора направлений исследований. Проанализированный в данной статье опыт может быть полезен в рамках поиска путей по совершенствованию существующей инновационной системы России в современных экономических, политических и технологических условиях с учетом того, что новая Национальная стратегия инновационного развития с 2020 г. пока не получила утверждения.
Becoming a Teacher of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Learners: A Future Content-area Teacher’s Professional Identity Construction through Online Coursework
Authors: McConnell Jessica , Tian Zhongfeng , Yazan Bedrettin
Published: October 2023

In this exploratory qualitative study, we applied Clarke’s (2009) framework of ethical self-formation (substance, authority sources, self-practices, telos) to data collected from one pre-service teacher’s completed assignments in an online course at a Hispanic-serving university in the Southwestern U.S. This course was dedicated to helping pre-service secondary content-area teachers develop the knowledge, skills, and experience necessary to provide effective instruction for emergent bilinguals (EBs). Findings revealed examples of how the four axes of the participant’s identity manifested in her coursework and how they dynamically interacted. By engaging in reflective practices, she developed an increased awareness of her own sociocultural-linguistic identity and gained a better understanding of EB education and advocacy. Implications are discussed for how teacher preparation programs can prepare teachers to enter the field with a stronger sense of who they are and who they want to be as future teachers and advocates for more culturally and linguistically responsive educational practices.
Structured Approach to Form-focused Instruction for Reading Comprehension in EAP
Authors: Priven Dmitri
Published: October 2023

Complex noun phrases (CNP) are a major vehicle of academic written discourse (Halliday, 1988/2004). However, despite the view that they pose significant challenges to English language learners, they are rarely taught in college-based English for Academic Purposes (EAP) programs, especially for the purposes of improving reading comprehension.  This article presents a teaching intervention that integrates explanations on and practice with the structure and use of these types of CNP in an EAP program at a large Canadian college.  This specially designed teaching intervention was integrated within a standard curriculum in a non-credit preparatory EAP Reading course. Drawing on the research that has identified elements of syntactic parsing ability instrumental in successful processing and interpretation of CNP, this article describes the reading strategies taught in this intervention and reports on student feedback. It concludes with a discussion on potential improvements to the learning tasks.
Psychometric Adaptation of a Brief Scale of Child-to-Parent Violence and Intrafamily Violence in Peruvian Adolescents
Authors: Villarreal-Zegarra David , Copez-Lonzoy Anthony , Cabrera-Alva Milagros , Torres-Puente Roberto , Melendez-Torres G. J.
Published: October 2023

Family violence is a critical public health problem in Latin America. In Peru, family violence continues to be difficult to detect and prevent, with child-to-parent violence (CPV) arising as a key issue. This study aimed to do a psychometric adaptation of a brief scale of evaluation of CPV and intrafamily violence in a sample of Peruvian adolescents. Our study analyzed internal structure, internal consistency (with depression, family satisfaction, and anxiety), convergent validity, and measurement invariance. The study population included 570 adolescents living with both parents (50.2% women). Adequate goodness-of-fit indices were found for the full version of CPV and intrafamily violence of nine items (CFI = 0.991; RMSEA = 0.053) and the version with only CPV of six items (CFI = 0.995; RMSEA = 0.074). The latent correlations between CPV with depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms were greater than 0.40. Our study found that the full version of CPV and intrafamily violence (nine items) and the CPV-only version (six items) were invariant by sex. Reliability was adequate in all cases (ω > 0.70). The scale presents evidence of validity and reliability in Peruvian adolescents. It is suitable for epidemiological research on family violence.
Moderasi Beragama Pada Buku Digital Madrasah Tsanawiyah: Analisis Buku Fiqih Kelas VIII
Authors: Bahraen Samsul
Published: October 2023

Religious moderation has become a highly relevant issue in recent years. It has not only become a topic of discussion in the political sphere but also a profound subject of academic and educational discourse. The article aims to explain the principles of religious moderation in the digital book of Madrasah Tsanawiyah for the Fiqh Class VIII curriculum of 2013. The research employed a non-interactive qualitative approach, using library research. Data were collected through document analysis, with content analysis as the data analysis technique. The study reveals significant principles of religious moderation within the fiqh class VIII student book. These principles of moderation encompass al-ishlah (wisdom), muwathanah (love of country/patriotism), i'tidal (proportionality), tasamuh (tolerance), qudwah (exemplary), and tahadhur (civility). This finding is a noteworthy contribution to understanding how religious education in Indonesia likewise promotes religious restraint as a core principle. It emphasises the importance of educating students about the significance of practising restraint in their religious practices.
Abstrak: Moderasi beragama telah menjadi isu yang sangat relevan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Hal ini tidak hanya menjadi perbincangan di dunia politik, tetapi juga menjadi topik yang mendalam dalam diskusi akademik dan pendidikan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama yang terdapat dalam Buku Digital Madrasah Tsanawiyah Mata Pelajaran Fiqih kelas VIII Kurikulum 2013. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif non-interaktif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan. Data dikumpulkan melalui analisis dokumen, dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat nilai-nilai moderasi beragama yang signifikan dalam buku siswa mata pelajaran fiqih kelas VIII. Nilai-nilai moderasi ini mencakup al-ishlah (kebijaksanaan), muwathanah (cinta tanah air), i’tidal (proporsional), tasamuh (toleransi), qudwah (keteladanan), dan tahadhur (keadaban). Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam memahami bagaimana pendidikan agama di Indonesia juga mendorong moderasi beragama sebagai nilai yang fundamental. Hal ini mencerminkan pentingnya mengajarkan siswa untuk memahami dan mengamalkan prinsip-prinsip moderasi dalam kehidupan beragama mereka.
Religious Moderation Values in the Subject of Islamic Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Class IX Junior High School
Authors: Haulid Haulid , Syukri Syukri
Published: October 2023

Religious moderation is a government programme aimed to avert religious misconceptions, countering extremism, and foster concord within Indonesia's varied and multicultural society. This article describes the values of religious moderation in the Islamic Religious Education and Cultivation textbooks for Junior High School students. The research method employed for this study is library research. Data collection was conducted through a review of the Islamic Religious Education and Budi Pekerti textbooks for year 9 junior high school students, published by the Ministry of Education and Culture in 2018. Content analysis and discourse analysis were employed for data analysis. The research findings revealed that the textbook for Islamic Religious Education and Budi Pekerti class IX demonstrated four values associated with religious moderation: non-violence, deliberation, accommodation of local culture, and tolerance. This study has the potential to enhance the promotion of religious moderation values in Indonesian education.
Abstrak: Moderasi beragama adalah sebagai salah satu program pemerintah untuk menghadapi ekstremisme, pemahaman keagamaan yang menyimpang dan mempromosikan harmoni dalam masyarakat yang beragam dan multikultural di Indonesia. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama pada buku teks siswa mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Budi Pekerti Jenjang Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Metode penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian library research. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menelaah dokumen buku teks mata pelajaran PAI dan Budi Pekerti kelas IX SMP terbitan Kemendikbud Tahun 2018. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis isi dan analisis wacana. Hasil penelitian menunjukan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama pada buku teks Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Budi Pekerti kelas IX memuat empat nilai, yaitu: anti kekerasan, musyawarah, akomodatif terhadap kebudayaan lokal, dan toleransi. Penelitian ini dapat berkontribusi terhadap penguatan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama dalam pendidikan di Indonesia.
Etika Profesi Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam Sebagai Sistem Kontrol di Era 5.0
Authors: Junaidin Junaidin
Published: October 2023

Teacher ethics are essential to ensure the efficient and effective operation of education. Educators play a crucial role in fostering the growth and development of students' potential. This article aims to explore the significance of ethics as both a value and a control system for professionals in the field of Islamic religious education during the 5.0 era. The research method employs a qualitative approach by conducting a literature review. Scientific references, including books, journals, and encyclopedias, as well as the Law on Teachers and Lecturers, are used to emphasize the importance of ethics for Islamic religious educators. The importance of ethical conduct for Islamic religious education teachers within the teaching profession is encompassed by five standards of ethical behavior. These standards include: (1) ethics toward oneself, where teachers must exhibit patience, dedication, and seek support from family; (2) ethics toward students, as teachers are role models and represent the future of education, and must possess refined personal competencies fortified by ethical standards; (3) ethics toward student guardians; (4) ethics toward colleagues; (5) ethics toward society; and (6) ethics toward religion. This aspect requires teachers to demonstrate politeness, authority, activeness, and proficiency in collaborating with colleagues, superiors, parents, and the community, in order to efficiently perform the profession of Islamic education.
Abstrak: Etika guru adalah fondasi penting untuk memastikan berjalannya pendidikan dengan lancar dan efektif. Guru memiliki peran kunci dalam mendorong pertumbuhan dan perkembangan potensi peserta didik. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas urgensi etika sebagai sebuah nilai dan system kontrol profesi guru pendidikan agama Islam era 5.0. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi pustaka dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Referensi-referensi ilmiah berupa buku, jurnal, ensiklopedia dan Undang-undang Guru dan Dosen digunakan untuk menyederhanakan urgensi etika bagi seorang pendidik agama Islam. Urgensi etika guru pendidikan agama Islam terkait profesi keguruan, ada lima yang menjadi ruang lingkup etika keguruan, yakni; (1) etika terhadap diri sendiri, di mana guru harus bersikap sabar, sepenuh hati dalam tugasnya, dan mendapatkan dukungan dari keluarga; (2) etika terhadap peserta didik, guru harus menjadi teladan dan cerminan pendidikan masa depan, dengan kompetensi kepribadian yang baik yang diperkuat oleh etika; (3) etika terhadap wali murid; (4) etika terhadap rekan sejawat; (5) etika terhadap masyarakat; (6) etika terhadap agama. Aspek terakhir ini menuntut guru memiliki sikap yang sopan, berwibawa, aktif, dan kemampuan kerja sama yang baik, baik dengan rekan sekerja, atasan, orang tua, maupun masyarakat, demi menjalankan profesi pendidikan Islam dengan efektif.
ANALISIS KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS DAN STATUS KONSERVASI BURUNG PADA AGROFORESTRI BERBASIS KOPI
Authors: Annisa Annisa , Iswandaru Dian , Darmawan Arief , Fitriana Yulia Rahma
Published: October 2023

Tipe habitat utama pada jenis burung sangat berhubungan dengan kebutuhan hidup dan aktivitas hariannya. Agroforestri kopi yang ada di KPHL Batutegi adalah habitat berbagai satwa, khususnya burung. Keanekaragaman jenis burung di agroforestri kopi dapat dijadikan sebagai bioindikator karena kehidupan burung dipengaruhi kualitas lingkungan (faktor biotik dan abiotik). Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman jenis burung, status perlindungan, konservasi dan status perdagangan burung yang ada di agroforestri kopi pada Desa Penantian dan Desa Sinar Banten di KPHL Batutegi. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode titik hitung (point count). Hasil-hasil yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis keanekaragaman jenisnya menggunakan indeks Shannon-Wiener. Hasil yang diperoleh mengidentifikasi 80 individu dari 6 Famili di Desa Penantian dan 82 Individu dari 9 Famili di Desa Sinar Banten. Keanekaragaman spesies burung di Desa Penantian termasuk dalam kategori rendah, yaitu 1,437 dan Desa Sinar Banten dalam kategori sedang, yaitu 1,549.
The Urgency of Quality Management in Higher Education Information Systems
Authors: Putro Herry Porda Nugroho , Subiyakto Bambang , Jumriani Jumriani , Ramadhan M. Aditya , Yusuf Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kajian teoritis sistem informasi yang memiliki peran penting dalam membantu mengendalikan dan mengatur kegiatan sub-sistem organisasi untuk membantu organisasi dalam mencapai tujuannya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka. Metode studi pustaka merupakan rangkaian kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat, serta mengelola bahan penelitian. Sistem informasi manajemen merupakan kunci dari suatu bidang yang menekankan pada tenaga manajemen yang dapat mengolah dan mengolah data menjadi informasi yang dapat digunakan untuk mendukung keputusan dengan melalui prosedur kerja yang telah ditentukan. Tujuan sistem informasi meliputi: 1) menyediakan informasi untuk mengambil keputusan, 2) menyediakan informasi yang digunakan dalam perencanaan, pengendalian, evaluasi dan perbaikan berkelanjutan, dan 3) menyediakan informasi yang digunakan dalam menghitung biaya suatu produk, jasa dan tujuan lain yang diinginkan oleh manajemen.
Culinary Reorientation As A Cultural Asset In The Development Of Sustainable Tourism Based On Community Economy
Authors: Mahmudi Mahmudi
Published: October 2023

This research aims to analyze culinary reorientation as a cultural asset in the development of sustainable tourism based on the community economy. The data collection technique involves documentation from relevant journals and literature sources, such as Google Scholar. The data analysis is carried out using critical literature evaluation. The results showed that culinary can play a significant role in sustainable tourism development, particularly in empowering the economy of local communities. In this context, strengthening and promoting culinary heritage as a cultural asset can enhance the attractiveness of tourism destinations, create job opportunities, and improve the welfare of local communities. By integrating community economic practices, culinary-based tourism can serve as a sustainable source of income while preserving traditional culture in the long term.
Prendre en compte la pollution sonore dans une modélisation de dynamiques de populations d’espèces
Authors: PLOTARD Christophe , MOULHERAT Sylvain , De ROINCÉ Catherine , CORNUAU Jérémie
Published: October 2023

L’étude des effets des nuisances sonores sur la biodiversité progresse lentement mais sûrement. Dans la foulée d’autres trames écologiques, le concept émergent de « trame blanche » vise à identifier les zones d’un territoire où la pollution sonore doit être contenue ou réduite en priorité afin de permettre aux espèces d’accomplir la totalité de leur cycle de vie. Grâce à la progression des connaissances scientifiques et à l’accès à certaines données de mesures du bruit, il devient désormais possible de modéliser l’impact des nuisances sonores sur les dynamiques démographiques et les déplacements de populations d’espèces à l’échelle d’un paysage. L’intégration du bruit comme facteur de pression repose sur l’existence d’une relation entre le niveau de puissance sonore et la qualité des milieux, à la fois en tant que patchs d’habitats potentiels et espaces de déplacements des espèces. Cet article présente en particulier la démarche mise en œuvre dans le cadre de l’évaluation des impacts de la pollution sonore d’une ligne de métro sur neuf espèces.
IMPROVING THE ABILITY TO WRITE SHORT FILM REVIEW TEXTS USING THE THINK TALK WRITE (TTW) METHOD IN CLASS XI SCIENCE STUDENTS 3 MAS 01 DARUSSALAM KEPAHIANG
Authors: Sari Desi Nova , Suhartono Suhartono , Ariesta Ria
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to describe the quality of writing learning and the improvement of short film review writing writing skills with the Think Talk Write (TTW) strategy in class XI IPA 3 MAS 01 Darussalam Kepahiang students. Through the Think Talk Write (TTW) learning method, the improvement can be seen both process and product. This research is a classroom action research (CAR) that has been carried out at MAS 01 Darussalam Kepahiang. The subjects in this study were students of class XI IPA 3 which consisted of 22 students. The object in this study is the writing skills of short film review texts. This research was conducted in three cycles consisting of four stages each cycle, namely planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data collection techniques used in this study include, observation, tests, and documentation. This study uses qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that the application of the Think Talk Write (TTW) method can improve the writing skills of short film review texts of class XI IPA 3 MAS 01 Darussalam Kepahiang students. The increase was shown from the quality of the learning process reflected in honesty, responsibility, tolerance, courtesy and students' self-confidence in the learning process with the results in the first cycle there were 12 students with category B, 10 students in the SB category. In the second cycle there were 5 students with category B and 17 students in the SB category. In the third cycle there were 2 students with category B and 20 students with the SB category. Product improvement can be seen from the average score of writing skills from cycle I to cycle III. In the first cycle the average value of students is 72.90. In cycle II it increased to 74.77. The increase occurred quite well in the third cycle, namely the average value reached 81.18.
Periodic accreditation by order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated 10.28.2022 No. 709n: which option of professional development is more preferable for a doctor
Authors:   Expert on the issues of regulatory and legal regulation of health care activities, Piven D. V. , Kitsul I. S. ,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education – the branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes in detail the possible options for training a doctor, offered by order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated October 28, 2022 No. 709n in order to prepare for periodic accreditation. The authors substantiate in detail that in order to pass periodic accreditation, the most high-quality, reliable, safe and least expensive training option for a doctor is the development of advanced training programs, the total development period of which is at least 144 hours over 5 years. The following are named as the main reasons for this: in the domestic legislation, advanced training of a doctor is understood exclusively as the development of relevant educational programs; due to the numerous requirements of the legislation for the content and development of educational programs, the requirements for scientific and pedagogical personnel and for educational organizations implementing these programs, it is the development of advanced training programs that ensures the training of a specialist of the proper quality, which determines his admission to the profession; in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer is obliged to conduct additional professional education for a doctor, i. e. including to promote the training of a doctor specifically for advanced training programs.
On Hyperparameters Optimization of the Continuous Hopfield Network via Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Safae Rbihou , Haddouch Khalid , MOUTAOUAKIL Karim EL
Published: October 2023

Recurrent neural networks have proven to be effective in various domains due to their ability to remember key information during solution processes. The continuous Hopfield network is a recurrent neural network that can solve several complicated problems, including combinatorial optimization problems. The user of a continuous Hopfield network for solving combinatorial optimization problems must construct an energy function that combines the energy function and the constraints; this combination requires penalty hyper-parameters that have a direct impact on the quality of the solution and its feasibility. To ensure the convergence of the continuous Hopfield network and thus ensure the feasibility of the solutions to the combinatorial problems, we introduce a linear optimization model given by: the objective function represents the energy function of continuous Hopfield network, which controls the quality of the solution, and the constraints represent conditions on the parameters of the continuous Hopfield network penalty function extracted by the hyperplane procedure, which ensure the feasibility of the solutions. On the well-known NP-complete problem (task assignment problem, traveling salesman problem, weighted constraint satisfaction problem, max-stable problem, graph coloring problem, shortest path problem and portfolio selection problem) the genetic algorithm is used to solve the proposed model. The proposed method has shown its superiority over random methods for choosing continuous Hopfield network hyper-parameters: the solutions produced are all feasible, and the difference in accuracy between our method and random methods is 48.8%.
Recurrent Cystic Hygroma and Poor Pregnancy Outcomes in a Single Patient.
Authors: Cover Brinkley , Tovar Juliana , Thomas Serin , Enakpene Christopher
Published: October 2023

Background: Cystic hygroma is a rare, benign cystic congenital malformation of the lymphatic vessels that occurs in 1 in 800 pregnancies and 1 in 8000 live births. The etiology of CH still remains unknown, and there are very few cases of successive pregnancies all containing CH. Literature suggests that CH is passed down in an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, which is what is suspected in a case such as this.
Cases: These cases are unique recurrence of cystic hygroma in three successive pregnancies in a single patient over a period of 4 years and 6 months. Patient had history of ischemic stroke and diagnosed with protein C deficiency at 19 years old and she was on Coumadin and low dose aspirin (ASA) prior to and less than 6 weeks of gestation during the first and second pregnancies but on Lovenox prior to her third pregnancy and continued throughout the pregnancy. Chromosomal analysis of the first fetus showed a 7:11 translocation between the short arm of chromosome 11 and the short arm of chromosome 7 with breakpoints of chromosome t (7;11)(p(13;p15.1).
Conclusion: To this day there has been no reported literature of CH complicated by this specific type of translocation; leading us to the conclusion that it was likely coincidental. Moreover, both the parents, the second and the third fetuses all had normal chromosomal analysis and normal microarray. Unfortunately, whole genome and exon sequencing could not be performed but the patient had negative maternal expanded carrier screening.
Teaching Points
Pregnancies complicated by cystic hygroma require more than just mere analysis for chromosome anomaly but also require fetal DNA analysis and evaluations to rule out other fetal conditions such as immune and non-immune causes of fetal hydrops, and fetal structural abnormalities like congenital heart disease, thoracic mases that can obstruct vascular and lymphatic drainage, skeletal dysplasia and sometimes inborn error of metabolism. The CH in each pregnancy was suspected to be related familial predisposition or autosomal recessive inheritance pattern that caused damage to the lymphatic system during fetal development because there were no other known identifiable genetic or environmental causes in the three cases.
Evaluating the Utilities of Large Language Models in Single-cell Data Analysis
Authors: Zhao Hongyu , Liu Tianyu , Li Kexing , Wang Yuge , Li Hongyu
Published: October 2023

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in both industrial and scientific domains. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of LLMs in single-cell sequencing data analysis through comprehensive experiments across eight downstream tasks pertinent to single-cell data. By comparing seven different single-cell LLMs with task-specific methods, we found that single-cell LLMs may not consistently excel in all tasks than task-specific methods. However, the emergent abilities and the successful applications of cross-species/cross-modality transfer learning of LLMs are promising. In addition, we present a systematic evaluation of the effects of hyper-parameters, initial settings, and stability for training single-cell LLMs based on a proposed scEval framework, and provide guidelines for pre-training and fine-tuning. Our work summarizes the current state of single-cell LLMs, and points to their constraints and avenues for future developments.
Dental anxiety and dental care - A comparison between Albania and Germany
Authors: Cunoti Nertsa , Qorri Rezart , Irmscher Lisa , Qorri Erda , Magerfleisch Laura , Berth Hendrik
Published: October 2023

Background
This is the first Albanian scientific study in the field of dentistry and psychosocial medicine. The aim of this study was to find out whether there are differences in dental anxiety between people from Albania and Germany.
Methods
This study questioned 263 patients (133 Germans, 130 Albanians) over the course of eight months using the Dental Anxiety Scale questionnaires to determine anxiety before dental treatment and the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 to evaluate psychological distress. Moreover, the patients answered questions regarding their oral health and dental care.
Results
The current subjective health status of Albanian patients was assessed to be significantly worse than that of German patients. The subjects in the German dental practices also showed significantly higher general psychological distress. The patient groups also differed significantly in the dental treatment-related anxiety level (DAS) with German patients showing higher levels of anxiety.
Additionally Albanian patients scored significantly lower on the preventive care index. Despite an elevated DAS anxiety level, German patients reported going to the dentist more frequently than Albanian patients.
Conclusion
Albanian and German dentists should be more sensitized to the topic of "dental anxiety" in order to be able to deal appropriately with patients with increased anxiety.
PCYT1A deficiency disturbs fatty acid metabolism
and induces ferroptosis in mice retina
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wang Kaifang , Xu Huijuan , Zou Rong , Zeng Guangqun , Yuan Ye , Zhu Xianjun , Zhao Xiaohui , Li Jie
Published: October 2023

Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) encompass a group of debilitating visual disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration of photoreceptors, ultimately leading to blindness. Among the causes of this condition, mutations in the PCYT1A gene have been identified, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for phosphatidylcholine (PC) de novo synthesis within the Kennedy pathway. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the association between PCYT1A mutations and IRDs remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we focused on elucidating the functions of PCYT1A in the retina. Initially, we demonstrated that PCYT1A exhibits predominant expression in Müller glia (MG) cells situated in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the retina. Subsequently, we generated a retina-specific knockout mouse model targeting the Pcyt1a gene (Pcyt1a-RKO or RKO mice) to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying IRDs caused by PCYT1A mutations. Our findings revealed that the deletion of PCYT1A resulted in retinal degeneration phenotypes, including reduced scotopic electroretinogram (ERG) responses and progressive degeneration of photoreceptor cells, accompanied by loss of cells in the INL. Furthermore, through proteomic and bioinformatics analyses, we observed dysregulated retinal fatty acid metabolism and activation of the ferroptosis signaling pathway in RKO mice. Importantly, we established that PCYT1A deficiency did not lead to an overall reduction in PC synthesis within the retina. Instead, it appeared to disrupting the free fat acid metabolism and ultimately triggering ferroptosis. This study unveils a novel mechanism by which mutations in PCYT1A contribute to the development of IRDs, shedding light on the interplay between fatty acid metabolism and retinal degenerative diseases, and will provide new insights into the treatment of IRDs.
Stool based qPCR for the diagnosis of TB in children and people living with HIV in Uganda, Eswatini and Mozambique (Stoo4TB): a protocol for a multicenter diagnostic evaluation
Authors: Carratala-Castro Lucia , Ssengooba Willy , Kay Alexander , Acacio Sozinho , Ehrlich Joanna , DiNardo Andrew R , Shiba Nosisa , Nsubuga Joachim K , Munguambe Shilzia , Saavedra Belen , Mandjate Patricia , Mulengwa Durbbin , Sibandze Busizwe , Ziyane Mangaliso , Kasule Gerorge , Mambuque Edson , Sekadde Moorine Penninah , Wobudeya Eric , Joloba Moses L , Heyckendorf Jan , Lange Christoff , Hermans Sabine , Mandalakas Anna , Garcia-Basteiro Alberto , Lopez-Varela Elisa
Published: October 2023

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Children and people living with HIV (PLHIV) have an increased risk of mortality, particularly in the absence of rapid diagnosis. The main challenges of diagnosing TB in these populations are due to the unspecific and paucibacillary disease presentation and the difficulty of obtaining respiratory samples. Thus, novel diagnostic strategies, based on non-respiratory specimens could improve clinical decision making and TB outcomes in high burden TB settings. We propose a multi-country, prospective diagnostic evaluation study with a nested longitudinal cohort evaluation to assess the performance of a new stool-based qPCR, developed by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine (Houston, Texas, USA) for TB bacteriological confirmation with promising results in pilot studies.
Methods
The study will take place in high TB/HIV burden countries (Mozambique, Eswatini and Uganda) where we will enroll, over a period of 30 months, 650 PLHIV (> 15) and 1295 children under 8 years of age (irrespective of HIV status) presenting pressumptive TB. At baseline, all participants will provide clinical history, complete a physical assessment, and undergo thoracic chest X-ray imaging. To obtain bacteriological confirmation, participants will provide respiratory samples (1 for adults, 2 in children) and 1 stool sample for Xpert Ultra MTB/RIF (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) liquid culture will only be performed in respiratory samples and lateral flow lipoarabinomannan (LF-LAM) in urine following WHO recommendations. Participants will complete 2 months follow-up if they are not diagnosed with TB, and 6 months if they are. For analytical purposes, the participants in the pediatric cohort will be classified into “confirmed tuberculosis”, “unconfirmed tuberculosis” and “unlikely tuberculosis”. Participants of the adult cohort will be classified as “bacteriologically confirmed TB”, “clinically diagnosed TB” or “not TB”. We will assess accuracy of the novel qPCR test compared to bacteriological confirmation and Tb diagnosis irrespective of laboratory results. Longitudinal qPCR results will be analyzed to assess its use as treatment response monitoring.
Discussion
The proposed stool-based qPCR is an innovation because both the strategy of using a non-sputum based sample and a technique specially designed to detect M.tb DNA in stool.
Protocol registration details
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05047315