bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved contrastive learning model via identification of false‐negatives in self‐supervised learning
Authors: Auh Joonsun , Cho Changsik , Kim Seon‐tae
Published: April 2024

Self‐supervised learning is a method that learns the data representation through unlabeled data. It is efficient because it learns from large‐scale unlabeled data and through continuous research, performance comparable to supervised learning has been reached. Contrastive learning, a type of self‐supervised learning algorithm, utilizes data similarity to perform instance‐level learning within an embedding space. However, it suffers from the problem of false‐negatives, which are the misclassification of data class during training the data representation. They result in loss of information and deteriorate the performance of the model. This study employed cosine similarity and temperature simultaneously to identify false‐negatives and mitigate their impact to improve the performance of the contrastive learning model. The proposed method exhibited a performance improvement of up to 2.7% compared with the existing algorithm on the CIFAR‐100 dataset. Improved performance on other datasets such as CIFAR‐10 and ImageNet was also observed.
Associations between Antenatal Care Visit Attendance and Infant Mortality and Growth
Authors: Lansdale Aimee J. , Bountogo Mamadou , Sie Ali , Zakane Alphonse , Compaoré Guillaume , Ouedraogo Thierry , Lebas Elodie , Lietman Thomas , Oldenburg Catherine E.
Published: April 2024

This study examines the association between antenatal care (ANC) attendance and infant mortality and growth outcomes. The study used data from the Nouveux-nés et Azithromycine: une Innovation dans le Traitement des Enfants (NAITRE) trial conducted in Burkina Faso. This analysis included 21,795 neonates aged 8 to 27 days who were enrolled in the trial and had ANC data available. Infants were followed until 6 months of age. The analysis adjusted for potential confounders including infant’s sex, maternal age, education, urbanicity, geographic region, season (dry versus rainy), pregnancy type (singleton versus multiple), number of previous pregnancies, if the infant was breastfed, and if the facility had an onsite physician to account for level of care. We used logistic and linear regression models to evaluate the association between ANC visits and all-cause infant mortality and infant growth measurements at 6 months. There was no significant association between ANC visits and 6-month mortality. Higher ANC attendance was associated with improved growth outcomes in infants at 6 months of age. After adjusting for potential confounders, each additional ANC visit was associated with a 0.03 kg increase in mean weight, 0.07 cm increase in mean length, 0.04 SD increase in mean mid-upper-arm circumference, 0.04 SD increase in mean height-for-age, 0.04 SD mean weight-for-age, and 0.02 SD mean weight-for-length Z-scores. These mean differences were statistically significant (except for weight-for-length Z-scores) but may not be clinically meaningful. Further research is warranted to explore the relationship between ANC attendance and longer-term health outcomes among infants.
New observations of Papulifères, putative ciliate cysts, from the plankton of the Chukchi Sea (Western Arctic Ocean) in August of 2023
Authors: Dolan John R. , Jin Yang Eun , Moon Jong-Kuk
Published: April 2024

We recently documented the existence of 26 different forms of Papulifères, presumptive ciliate cysts, from plankton net tow material of the Chukchi Sea gathered in 2015, 2021, and 2022. The forms appeared to be rare, found in only 7 of the 308 samples taken in annual August surveys from 2010 to 2022. Thus, we were surprised to find them relatively common and widespread in samples gathered in August of 2023. We found 18 different Papulifére forms, 8 of which appear to be new forms, in samples from 19 of the 36 stations sampled. They were found in localities ranging from 70.5°N to 80°N. Here we report on these Papulifére forms found in 2023, providing information on morphologies and geographical distributions. With this report we have expanded the catalogue of observed Papulifére, and photographed, forms of the Chukchi Sea to a grand total of 34 of morphologically distinct forms. However, we continue to urge caution in assigning a ciliate identity to any given Papulifére form in the absence of corroborating data.
Duchowość jako ścieżka odnowy według Stanisława Hadyny
Authors: Trzcińska Izabela
Published: April 2024

Stanisław Hadyna was a versatile artist – he composed music, gave concerts on the piano, created theatre plays, and authored plenty of books. In the collective conscience, however, he remains the founder of the band “Śląsk”, which now bears his name. The aim of the article is to present his interests in spirituality, which were related to concepts of renewal – of man and the world. In Stanisław Hadyna’s search for spirituality he combined two visions of reality, which at first glance seem irreconcilable. The foundation of the first was the mythology of childhood, containing stories about happy times and glorified nature. The second vision, on the other hand, led to the darkness of a world devastated by wars and totalitarianism, where gloomy cities and machines reign; people forget about the most important values, and survival turns out to be virtually impossible. Both images, however, are integrated by a myth that combines the story of an idyllic beginning with the tragedy of the characters who are looking for freedom, despite everything that happens around them. Creating a new world, as if against all odds, also became the main message of his work in “Śląsk”.
Znaczenie „protestantyzacji” dla zmiany modelu kultury serbskiej w wieku XVIII
Authors: Gil Dorota
Published: April 2024

The topic of this article is the shift in the Serbian culture model in the eighteenth century that took place not only as a result of the well-known “turn to Russia” (in fact, an adoption of the Polish-Ukrainian-Russian pattern shaped in the first Polish Republic), but also under the significant influence of the Protestant models. The importance of Protestant schools and the University of Halle, rather poorly studied, reveals a great sense of “protestantisation” in the deep transformation of Serbian culture and that of most of the other Orthodox Slavic nations and the Orthodoxy itself. This is important especially with regard to the Pietistic ideas, combined with those of the Enlightenment, promoted by these centres.
TEL ÖRGÜ KATMANLARININ FAZ DEĞİŞTİREN MALZEME ÜZERİNDEKİ ISIL PERFORMANSI ETKİSİNİN DENEYSEL İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Gökaslan Mustafa Yasin
Published: April 2024

Enerjiyi depolama, giderek önem kazanmakta olup mevcut enerjinin en uygun kullanımında önemli rol oynar. Enerjinin daha verimli kullanımları arasında ısıl enerji depolama da yer almaktadır. Isıl enerji depolamaya etkileyen faktörler bulunmaktadır. Bu faktörlerden bir tanesi gözenekli ortamlar olup, yüksek ısı iletim katsayısı sayesinde faz değiştiren malzemenin (FDM) ısıl performanslarını etki etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, farklı katman sayılarında tel örgülerin faz değiştiren malzemenin erime hızına etkisi deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Deney odasında tel örgüsüz ve farklı sayıda tel örgüler olması durumunda farklı deney kombinasyonları oluşturulmuştur. Bu oluşturulan deney kombinasyonlarının her biri en az üç farklı sabit ısı akısı sınır şartında incelenmiştir. Zamana bağlı yapılan deneylerde faz değiştiren malzemenin erime süreleri analiz edilmiş ve buna karşılık gelen ısıtıcı plakanın yüzey sıcaklıkları incelenmiştir. Deney odasında tel örgü olmaması durumu ile kıyaslandığında 8 katmanlı tel örgülü durumunda faz değiştiren malzemenin erime süresi termokuplların konumuna bağlı olarak %2 ile %24 arasında iyileşme söz konusu iken 4 katmanlı tel örgüde bu durum %16’a kadar artış göstermektedir. Gözenekli ortamın yapısı ve ısı iletim katsayısı faz değiştiren malzemenin ısıl performansı, sıcaklık dağılımını ve erime süresini etkilemektedir.
La detención con fines investigativos en el COIP, un atentado contra la presunción de inocencia
Authors: Gómez Encalada Lourdes Gisella , Pozo Cabrera Enrique Eugenio
Published: April 2024

Este estudio investigativo examina el impacto de las normativas actuales del Código Orgánico Integral Penal (COIP) con el fin de equilibrar la realización de investigaciones criminales y la protección de la presunción de inocencia en detenciones para colaborar con investigaciones fiscales. Se enfoca en asegurar la seguridad de los habitantes del territorio ecuatoriano. Utilizando un enfoque cualitativo, se exploraron percepciones y desafíos relacionados con la presunción de inocencia, empleando métodos inductivo-deductivos, dogmático-jurídicos y analítico-sintéticos. Los resultados revelan que la privación de libertad vulnera este principio, representando una amenaza para los derechos individuales en investigaciones criminales. Se destaca la necesidad de implementar medidas alternativas a la detención preventiva para salvaguardar la presunción de inocencia y respetar los derechos humanos. Se recomienda la adopción de medidas como la detención con fines investigativos para proteger la integridad de las investigaciones y los derechos fundamentales de los individuos. En conclusión, se enfatiza que la presunción de inocencia debe ser protegida y fortalecida como un pilar esencial de los sistemas judiciales modernos.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Geografis Rumah Sakit di Kota Depok Berbasis Web Menggunakan Metode Location Based Service
Authors: Abiyasin Aziz
Published: April 2024

Technological advances in the health sector are growing so rapidly One of the advances in information technology penetrating hospitals such as the use of information technology to support health information management. The hospital's geographic information system is not yet available to the people in Depok city. Many people still find it difficult to know the location and services of hospitals in their area. The purpose of this author is to design a geographic information system for hospitals in Depok city to make it easier for the people of Depok city to know the location, facilities, polyclinic services and doctor's practice schedule. The process of developing a geographic information system of this hospital uses a waterfall model with an analysis and design system assisted using a Unifield Modelling Language (UML) Diagram model. The system is designed using PHP and MySql programming languages as databases. To determine the location point using the Location Based Service (LBS) method. From this design produces a web-based geographic information system for hospitals in Depok city that can be useful for the people of Depok city in accessing information related to polyclinics, doctor schedules and hospital facilities.
Evaluasi Sistem Informasi Layanan Antrian Paspor Online Menggunakan Framework Information Technology Infrastructure Library V3
Authors: Lunni Zammy
Published: April 2024

Palembang Class 1 Immigration Office is a service provider agency in the immigration sector that has the authority to arrange passports or Travel Letters of the Republic of Indonesia (SPRI). In meeting the needs of the community in passport processing, Palembang Class 1 Immigration Office has implemented an Online Passport Queuing Service System. Until now, the system still experiences problems such as errors in the system, exhausted quotas, inappropriate applicant NIK, slow access to the system, and system handling that always involves the Immigration Head Office. Therefore, an evaluation of the online passport queue service information system is needed which can be used as a benchmark for the sustainability of the system. The framework used is the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) V3 framework with the domain of Service Operation and Continual Service Improvement. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires, interviews and observations to obtain maturity level scores. The results of the maturity level calculation in the Service Operation (SO) domain show that the average value of maturity level in the SO domain is 3.49 or is at level 3 (Define Process) and for the Continual Service Improvement (CSI) domain is 3.47 or is at level 3 (Define Process). From the evaluation results of the Online Passport Queuing Service System based on the maturity level calculation, several recommendations for the Service Operation (SO) and Continual Service Improvement (CSI) domains can be taken into consideration in improving service operations and improving the Online Passport Queuing Service System on an ongoing basis.
The Effect of Compensation, Mutation and Work Discipline on the Performance of PT. Indomarco Prismatama Gunung Sahari Branch 2 North Jakarta
Authors: L Richo Santuryan , Karyatun Subur , Digdowiseiso Kumba
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of compensation, mutation and work discipline on the performance of employees of PT. Indomarco Prismatama Gunung Sahari 2 Branch, North Jakarta. This type of research uses descriptive quantitative methods and inferential analysis using primary data in the form of a closed questionnaire to 100 respondents, and the data is analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. From the data that has fulfilled the validity test, reliability test, classic assumption test and model feasibility test, the regression equation is obtained, as follows: Y = 0.171K + 0.277M + 0.533 DK The results of the regression analysis in this study show that compensation (X1) has a positive and significant effect on employee performance (Y), mutations (X2) have a positive and significant effect on employee performance (Y),  work discipline (X3) has a positive and significant effect on employee performance (Y), In an effort to improve employee performance, PT. Indomarco Prismatama Branch Gunung Sahari 2 North Jakarta needs to pay attention and know what is the problem because it can be used as a basis for correcting weaknesses and maintaining effectiveness through compensation, transfers and good work discipline.
The Effect of Inflation, Interest Rates, IDR / USD Exchange Rates and Money Supply on The LQ45 Stock Price Index on The Indonesia Stock Exchange for The Period 2016 – 2020
Authors: Munasir Munasir , Karyatun Subur , Digdowiseiso Kumba
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of Indonesian macroeconomic factors on the LQ45 stock index of the Indonesia Stock Exchange: inflation, interest rates, IDR/USD exchange rate, and the money supply. The survey period covers the period from 2016 to 2020. The subject of this research is the LQ45 stock index of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data used is secondary data. The data analysis method used is multiple regression analysis with a significance level of 0.05 or 5%. The results of this study show that inflation has a positive and insignificant effect on the LQ45 stock price index in 2016-2020. The results of the interest rate variable show that interest rates have a positive and insignificant effect on the 2016-2020 LQ45 stock price index. The results of the exchange rate variable (X3) show that the IDR/USD exchange rate has a negative and significant effect on the 2016-2020 LQ45 Stock Price Index. The results of the Amount of Money Supply (JUB) variable show that the Money Supply (JUB) has a positive and insignificant effect on the LQ45 stock price index 2016-2020.
Keunggulan Tartil Al Qur’an melalui Metode Ummi di SMK Al Kautsar
Authors: Hasyir Abdullah Al , Nuraeni Heni Ani
Published: April 2024

Reading The Qur'an With Tartil Is An Obligation For Every Muslim. Therefore Muslims Are Required To Improve The Reading Of The Qur'an Well And Accurately With The Right Rhythm. Of Course Tartil Reading Requires A Method, And One Of These Methods Is The Ummi Method. This Method Includes Tartil Reading According To Tajweed Rules By Emphasizing The Love Of Systematic And Practical Reading Methods To Be Learned Applying Sequential Reading. This study discusses the advantages of reading Tartil Al-Qur'an Ummi method for Class X students of SMK Al Kauthar Jakarta. By Using Qualitative Research, This Study Tries To Introduce And Provide Knowledge About Practical And Systematic Methods In Learning To Read The Qur'an. The Main Data Sources Of This Study Are Islamic Religious Education Teachers And Religious Teachers. Primary Data sources from Reference Book of ummi method secondary research include previous research Data, bibliography Book of Ummi method. Data collection techniques the results of this study are the advantages of tartil Al quran through the method of Ummi diSMK Al kautsar Jakarta in increasing the quality in reading the quran is located from the quality system, a simple system, easy to understand and quality. There is also a comparison of some of the same methods used to learn to read the quran but don’t  same with ummi method
EFFECT OF PRE-EXPOSURE ON THE INSECTICIDAL AND REPELLENCY PROPERTIES OF Citrus paradisi PEEL ESSENTIAL OIL AGAINST Tribolium castaneum
Authors: AKINYEMI Adeyemi , BABARINDE Samuel , ADETUNJI Habeeb , ALALADE Oladeji
Published: April 2024

Although the use of essential oils (EOs) for pest control has gained popularity due to their biodegradability and ecological safety, a major concern regarding their use is stability. Therefore, this aspect deserves empirical studies to enable potential end users to adopt research findings on the pesticidal potential of EOs. This research investigated the insecticidal and repellence impacts of Soxhlet-extracted grapefruit peel (Citrus paradisi Macfad. (Rutaceae) Lane) EO pre-exposed to air for 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 h (before introducing insects) on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The ethanol diluents were initially allowed to evaporate for 15 min in all treatments. Contact toxicity was tested on larval and adult stages at 5 and 15% concentrations of the EO, while repellency was tested at a 5% concentration. The impacts of EO on adult behavioural activity were also observed 24 h after exposure. Grapefruit EO was effective in controlling T. castaneum adults and larvae at higher doses. Exposure periods had an immediate significant effect on larvae and adult mortalities 1 and 6 h after the insects were introduced. At a 15% concentration, EO with a 0 h pre-exposure period had significantly higher adult and larva mortalities after 6 h than those of 0.5, 1 and 2 h pre-exposure. Regardless of oil pre-exposure, insects were repelled, especially in test periods between 12 and 30 min. Therefore, grapefruit EO could be formulated for increased stability when an immediate impact is needed.
Aplicação do software plant simulation como ferramenta de melhoria de processos em linha de rádios automotivo
Authors: Santos Tatiane Pinto dos , Souza Junior Armando Araújo de , Silva Carlos Américo de Souza
Published: April 2024

As empresas necessitam aprimorar seus processos para atender às demandas dos consumidores. Diante disso, a simulação computacional é uma ferramenta poderosa para a implementação de melhorias no processo, pois consiste na representação virtual de um sistema em diferentes cenários, auxiliando na tomada de decisões. Assim, neste estudo, foi empregado o programa de simulação Plant Simulation para determinar o tamanho ideal das WIPs de uma linha de montagem de rádios automotivos no distrito industrial de Manaus, levando em conta o princípio do Just In Time (JIT) de produzir somente o necessário. A simulação computacional foi realizada com os dados reais do processo de montagem, em que estes dados foram obtidos através da cronoanálise das estações de trabalho da linha de montagem e através da metodologia de Yamazumi para identificar as principais perdas do processo. Após o dimensionamento dos WIP’s por meio do software de simulação, foi feita a implementação na linha de montagem. Os resultados foram positivos, pois ocorreu a diminuição da ociosidade das máquinas do processo e, consequentemente, o aumento de 6% da capacidade produtiva da linha.
A Survey of Integrated Approach Pedagogy in Ghanaian Language (Twi) Classroom
Authors: Adobea Agnes , Domfeh Christiana Oduro , Bandoh Kennedy , Fosu Peter
Published: April 2024

This survey explored the implementation of the integrated approach pedagogy in the Ghanaian language (Twi) classroom. The research employed a qualitative approach. Data were obtained through classroom observations and student interviews. The participants were students and tutors of Wesley College of Education and Akrokerri College of Education. Purposive sampling was used to elicit significant information for the investigation. In all, one hundred and fifty (150) respondents comprising forty (40) students and ten (10) tutors selected from each of the three levels namely; level 100, level 200 and level 300 for the investigation. The findings suggested that the integrated approach pedagogy positively influences students’ language learning outcomes especially in Ghanaian Language (Twi). Improved performance in listening, speaking, reading and writing skills was observed as compared to conventional teaching methods. Additionally, the integration of cultural elements into language learning enabled students to gain a deeper understanding of the language and its cultural context thereby fostering cross-cultural competences. Moreover, the study revealed that the integrated approach enhanced students’ motivation and engagement in the learning process. The incorporation of real-life tasks and meaningful content stimulated students’ interest and encouraged active participation, leading to higher levels of language retention and proficiency.
A ANTROPOMETRIA ESTÁ RELACIONADA ÀS HABILIDADES MOTORAS E FUTEBOLÍSTICAS EM JOGADORES SUB-13?
Authors:   Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências do Exercício e do Esporte, R. Chauchat Jeffry , Kirmizigil Berkiye ,   Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Fisioterapia e Reabilitação, Ince Nezire ,   Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Nutrição e Dietética
Published: April 2024

Introdução: Sabe-se que o perfil antropométrico de jogadores de futebol exerce forte influência sobre o desempenho. No entanto, há estudos limitados na literatura sobre qual componente do perfil antropométrico tem maior impacto no desempenho de jogadores de futebol juvenis. Objetivos: O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a relação da composição corporal com habilidades biomotoras e habilidades específicas do futebol em jogadores de futebol sub-13. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 84 jogadores de futebol. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de composição corporal, tecido adiposo subcutâneo, salto vertical, salto horizontal, desempenho de corrida, agilidade, equilíbrio e habilidades de futebol dos jogadores de futebol. Resultados: Os desempenhos de equilíbrio, desempenho de sprint, agilidade e salto vertical e horizontal foram negativamente correlacionados com o percentual de gordura corporal (p<0,05). Agilidade, saltos verticais e horizontais correlacionaram-se negativamente com índice de massa corporal (IMC) e circunferência da cintura (p<0,05). O tempo de sprint correlacionou-se positivamente com a circunferência da cintura (p<0,05). Foi encontrada correlação positiva entre percentual de gordura corporal e tempo de drible (p<0,05). Conclusão: A circunferência da cintura e o percentual de gordura corporal podem servir como um melhor preditor de desempenho em comparação com IMC e MLG em jogadores de futebol sub-13. Portanto, os treinadores de jogadores de futebol juvenil devem adotar uma abordagem multidisciplinar e monitorar o percentual de gordura corporal para melhorar as habilidades biomotoras e habilidades no futebol de seus jogadores.
Exploring the Various Radiological Observations and Appearances in Patients with Dengue Fever; A Retrospective Observational Approach
Authors: Naushaba Malik  , Shah Bakht Aftab  , Noor Aftab  , Minnal Ahmed Malik  , Hammad Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Objective: To assess the range of radiological observations in patients testing positive for dengue serology.
Methodology: This retrospective, observational study was conducted at Islamabad Diagnostic Center, Islamabad from September 2022 to March 2023. The Ethical Committee approved this study. All the individuals who arrived at the IDC, Islamabad, complaining of fever and tested positive for dengue serology, from September 2022 to March 2023, were included in our study. A total of 240 patients met these criteria. Patient details, including age and gender, were obtained from the center’s computer system.
Results: Severe cases of dengue fever, including thrombocytopenia, were observed in 62 out of 240 patients (25.83%), while mild clinical presentations were noted in rest of the 178 patients (74.16%). The most mutual radiological outcome was wall edema of the gall bladder (figure 2a), seen in 113 out of 240 patients (47.08%). This was followed by ascites (2b), that were observed in 38.33% (n=92) cases. Hepatomegaly was noted in 10.83% (n=26) (2c), splenomegaly in 3.75% (n=9) (2d) respectively.
Conclusion: Dengue fever presents with a variety of manifestations. Imaging techniques, especially ultrasound, can be employed to promptly identify the characteristics and complications of dengue fever in emergency situations, even when serological tests are unavailable or delayed.
La cultura de lo común. Prácticas colectivas del siglo XXI
Authors:   Universitat de València, García Puchades Wenceslao , Miquel Bartual Mijo ,   Universitat Politècnica de València
Published: April 2024

En el ámbito cultural de las últimas dos décadas ha ido cobrando cada vez mayor importancia un modelo de intervención que se ha definido como participativo, comunitario o activista. La práctica cultural se concibe así como una forma de comunicación dirigida a los ciudadanos que rompe con los marcos académicos y museísticos; nuevas formas de intervención en el espacio público en las que el tejido social queda implicado en el desarrollo del proyecto. El presente libro pretende dar a conocer algunas de estas propuestas de trabajo en común. Por ello agrupa a especialistas de ámbitos diversos como la práctica artística, la arquitectura, la política, la sociología o la filosofía, así como a profesionales de la gestión cultural y museística. Nuestra intención es que pueda convertirse en un espacio capaz, no solo de generar conocimiento abstracto, sino de favorecer dinámicas dialógicas entre todos los agentes que configuran el ámbito de la producción cultural contemporánea.
Athletic Training and Therapy
Authors: Kahanov Leamor , Payne Ellen K.
Published: April 2024

Athletic Training and Therapy: Foundations of Behavior and Practice builds upon an undergraduate understanding of health and exercise sciences to instill an evidence-based, graduate-level knowledge of best practices in athletic training and health care. This text integrates essential competencies outlined by the AT Strategic Alliance, a collaboration of the National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA), Board of Certification (BOC), and Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE).

Athletic Training and Therapy highlights contemporary concepts not often found in other introductory texts, such as cultural literacy, interprofessional practice, preventative health care, administrative management, special populations, and epidemiology. Students gain a complete picture of their role as an athletic trainer as they explore these topics and progress through the text.

Part I covers foundational clinical competencies that will guide students in their future professional practice. Part II features holistic wellness concepts and proactive strategies to prevent illness and injury. Part III presents emergency interventions for acute injury and immediate care. Part IV offers information on evaluating illness and injury. Part V addresses therapeutic and medical interventions, including therapeutic exercises, pharmacology, and casting procedures.

The full-color text engages students and fosters comprehension with learning aids:
Evidence-Based Athletic Training sidebars that highlight a position statement, systematic literature review, or high-level randomized control trialsFoundational Skills sidebars that provide step-by-step instructions for common skills required of entry-level athletic trainersChapter summaries of key conceptsLearning objectives to help students focus their studies during their graduate education and during preparation for the BOC examinationRelated digital content delivered through HKPropel: videos of select skills and techniques, gradable chapter quizzes, case studies with critical thinking questions for each chapter, check sheets that can be used to grade students on their ability to accurately perform foundational skills, and flash card activities to self-test on glossary definitions

Athletic Training and Therapy offers advanced athletic training students an engaging presentation of the clinical skills they will need as a successful member of the interprofessional health care team.
Protein Kodlanmayan Bölgelerin (UTR) Rolü ve Bu Bölgelerin Haritalanmasında Kullanılan Başlıca Yöntemler
Authors: Gözel Seda , Tamer Cüneyt
Published: April 2024

Virüs genomlarının çevrilmemiş bölgelerinin (UTR'ler), mRNA'ların çekirdek dışına taşınması ve translasyon verimliliği dahil olmak üzere gen ifadesinin transkripsiyon sonrası düzenlenme-sinde önemli roller oynadığı bilinmektedir. Birçok hastalığın moleküler profilinin çıkarılması, mRNA'ların çevrilmemiş bölgelerinin hastalığın ilerlemesinde ve yatkınlığında düşünülenden daha önemli bir rol oynadığını göstermiştir. Bu nedenle, bu bölgelerin haritalanması ve tespitinde kullanılan yöntemler önem kazanmaya devam etmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu bölgelerde meydana gelen mutasyonlar ve bunların hastalık oluşumuna etkileri hakkında daha detaylı bilgi edinilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, çevrilmemiş bölgeleri tespit etmek için kullanılan testler anlatıl-maktadır. Teknoloji gelişimine bağlı olarak, her test yöntemi üniversite araştırmaları ve ticari şir-ketler aracılığıyla önemli ilerlemeler kaydetmektedir. Bu testler Primer Extension Assay, S1 Nuc-lease Assay, RNAse Protection Assay ve Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends Assay'i içermek-tedir. Bu testler, bir RNA'nın 5' ve 3' terminalini haritalamak ve ters transkriptaz kullanarak bir primeri uzatarak belirli bir RNA miktarını ölçmek için kullanılmaktadır.
Design and evaluation of a low-cost sensor node for near-background methane measurement
Authors: Furuta Daniel , Wilson Bruce , Presto Albert A. , Li Jiayu
Published: April 2024

Abstract. We developed a low-cost methane sensing node incorporating two metal oxide (MOx) sensors (Figaro Engineering TGS2611-E00 and TGS2600), humidity and temperature sensing, data storage, and telemetry. We deployed the prototype sensor alongside a reference methane analyzer at two sites: one outdoors and one indoors. We collected data at each site for several months across a range of environmental conditions (particularly temperature and humidity) and methane levels. We explored calibration models to investigate the performance of our system and its suitability for methane background monitoring and enhancement detection, first selecting a linear regression to fit a sensor baseline response and then fitting methane response by the sensor deviation from baseline. We achieved moderate accuracy in a 2 to 10 ppm methane range compared to data from the reference analyzer (RMSE < 0.6 ppm), but we found that the sensor response varied over time, possibly as a result of changes in non-targeted gas concentrations. We suggest that this cross sensitivity may be responsible for mixed results in previous studies. We discuss the implications of our results for the use of these and similar inexpensive MOx sensors for methane monitoring in the 2 to 10 ppm range.
Investigation of gravity waves using measurements from a sodium temperature/wind lidar operated in multi-direction mode
Authors: Cao Bing , Liu Alan Z.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. A narrow-band sodium lidar provides high temporal and vertical resolution observations of sodium density, atmospheric temperature, and wind that facilitate the investigation of atmospheric waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (80–105 km). In order to retrieve full vector winds, such a lidar is usually configured in a multi-direction observing mode, with laser beams pointing to the zenith and several off-zenith directions. Gravity wave events were observed by such a lidar system from 06:30 to 11:00 UT on 14 January 2002 at Maui, Hawaii (20.7° N, 156.3° W). A novel method based on cross-spectrum was proposed to derive the horizontal wave information from the phase shifts among measurements in different directions. At least two wave packets were identified using this method: one with a period of ∼ 1.6 h, a horizontal wavelength of ∼ 438 km, and propagating toward the southwest; and the other one with a ∼ 3.2 h period, a ∼ 934 km horizontal wavelength, and propagating toward the northwest. The background atmosphere states were also fully measured and all intrinsic wave properties of the wave packets were derived. Dispersion and polarization relations were used to diagnose wave propagation and dissipation. It was revealed that both wave packets propagate through multiple thin evanescent layers and are possibly partially reflected but still get a good portion of energy to penetrate higher altitudes. A sensitivity study demonstrates the capability of this method in detecting medium-scale and medium-frequency gravity waves. With continuous and high-quality measurements from similar lidar systems worldwide, this method can be utilized to detect and study the characteristics of gravity waves of specific spatiotemporal scales.
Ammonia emission estimates using CrIS satellite observations over Europe
Authors: Ding Jieying , van der A Ronald , Eskes Henk , Dammers Enrico , Shephard Mark , Wichink Kruit Roy , Guevara Marc , Tarrason Leonor
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Over the past century ammonia (NH3) emissions have increased with the growth of livestock and fertilizer usage. The abundant NH3 emissions lead to secondary fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution, climate change, reduction in biodiversity and affects human health. Up-to-date and spatially and temporally resolved information of NH3 emissions is essential to better quantify its impact. In this study we applied the existing DECSO (Daily Emissions Constrained by Satellite Observations) algorithm to NH3 observations from the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) to estimate NH3 emissions. Because NH3 in the atmosphere is influenced by Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), we implemented DECSO to estimate NOx and NH3 emissions simultaneously. The emissions are derived over Europe for 2020 on a spatial resolution of 0.2° x 0.2° using daily observations from both CrIS and TROPOMI (on the Sentinel 5p satellite). Due to the sparseness of daily satellite observations of NH3, monthly emissions of NH3 are reported. The total NH3 emissions derived from observations are about 8 Tg/year with a precision of about 0.2 % over the European domain. The comparison of the satellite-derived NH3 emissions from DECSO with independent bottom-up inventories and in-situ observations indicates a consistency in terms of magnitude on the country totals, the results also being comparable regarding the temporal and spatial distributions.
Evaluation of Aeolus feature mask and particle extinction coefficient profile products using CALIPSO data
Authors: Wang Ping , Donovan David Patrick , van Zadelhoff Gerd-Jan , de Kloe Jos , Huber Dorit , Reissig Katja
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The Atmospheric LAser Doppler INstrument (ALADIN) onboard Aeolus, was the first high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) in space. It was launched in 2018 and re-entered in 2023. The feature mask (A-FM) and extinction profile algorithms (A-PRO) developed for the Earth Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) HSRL Atmospheric Lider (ATLID) have been adapted to Aeolus, called AEL-FM and AEL-PRO, respectively. These algorithms have been purpose built to process low signal-to-noise ratio space-based lidar signals. A short description of the AEL-FM and AEL-PRO algorithms is provided in this paper. AEL-FM and AEL-PRO prototype products (v1.7) have been evaluated using collocated Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) Vertical Feature Mask (VFM) product and Level 2 aerosol profile product for two months of data in October 2018 and May 2019. Aeolus and CALIPSO are both polar orbiting satellites but they have different overpass time. The evaluations are focused on desert dust aerosols over Africa. These types of scenes are often stable in space (tens of km) and time (on the order of 0.5–1 hr), and thus, a useful number of col-located cases can be collected. We have found that AEL-FM feature mask and the CALIPSO VFM show similar aerosol patterns in the collocated orbits but AEL-FM does not separate aerosol and cloud features. Aeolus and CALIPSO have good agreement for the extinction coefficients for the dust aerosols, especially for the cloud-free scenes. The Aeolus aerosol optical thickness (AOT) is larger than CALIPSO AOT mainly due to cloud contamination. Because of missing a cross polar channel, it is difficult to distinguish aerosols and thin ice clouds by using the Aeolus extinction coefficients alone. The AEL-FM and AEL-PRO algorithms have been implemented in the Aeolus level 2A (L2A) processor. The findings here are applicable to the AEL-FM and AEL-PRO products in the L2A Baseline 17. This is the first time the AEL-FM and AEL-PRO products have been evaluated using CALIPSO data.
Compound winter low wind and cold events impacting the French electricity system: observed evolution and role of large-scale circulation
Authors: Collet François , Bador Margot , Boé Julien , Dubus Laurent , Jourdier Bénédicte
Published: April 2024

Abstract. To reach climate mitigation goals, the share of wind power in the electricity production is going to increase substantially in France. In winter, low wind days are challenging for the electricity system if compounded with cold days that are associated with peak electricity demand. The scope of this study is to characterize the evolution of compound low wind and cold events in winter over the 1950–2022 period in France. Compound events are identified at the daily scale using a bottom-up approach based on two indices that are relevant to the French energy sector, derived from temperature and wind observations. The frequency of compound events shows high interannual variability, with some winters having no event and others having up to 13, and a decrease over the 1950–2022 period. Based on a k-means unsupervised classification technique, four weather types are identified, highlighting the diversity of synoptic situations leading to the occurrence of compound events. The weather type associated with the highest frequency of compound events presents pronounced positive sea-level pressure anomalies over Iceland and negative anomalies west of Portugal, limiting the entrance of the westerlies and inducing a north-easterly flow bringing cold air over France and Europe generally. We further show that the atmospheric circulation and its internal variability are likely to play a role in the observed reduction in cold days, suggesting that this negative trend may not be entirely be driven by anthropogenic forcings. Despite this suggested role for cold days, the observed decrease in compound events does not seem to be strongly influenced by the regional atmospheric circulation.
Modelling wind farm effects in HARMONIE–AROME (cycle 43.2.2) – Part 1: Implementation and evaluation
Authors: Fischereit Jana , Vedel Henrik , Larsén Xiaoli Guo , Theeuwes Natalie E. , Giebel Gregor , Kaas Eigil
Published: April 2024

Abstract. With increasing number and proximity of wind farms, it becomes crucial to consider wind farm effects (WFEs) in the numerical weather prediction (NWP) models used to forecast power production. Furthermore, these WFEs are also expected to affect other weather-related parameters at least locally. Thus, we implement the explicit wake parameterization (EWP) in the NWP model HARMONIE–AROME (hereafter HARMONIE) along-side the existing wind farm parameterization (WFP) by Fitch et al. (2012) (FITCH). We evaluate and compare the two WFPs against research flight measurements as well as against similar simulations performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model using case studies. The case studies include a case for WFEs above a wind farm as well as two cases for WFEs at hub height in the wake of farms. The results show that EWP and FITCH have been correctly implemented in HARMONIE. For the simulated cases, EWP underestimates the WFEs on wind speed and strongly underestimates the effect on turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). FITCH agrees better with the observations, and WFEs on TKE are particularly well captured by HARMONIE–FITCH. After this successful evaluation, simulations with all wind turbines in Europe will be performed with HARMONIE and presented in the second part of this paper series.
Modeling boreal forest soil dynamics with the microbially explicit soil model MIMICS+ (v1.0)
Authors: Aas Elin Ristorp , de Wit Heleen A. , K. Berntsen Terje
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Understanding carbon exchange processes between land reservoirs and the atmosphere is essential for predicting carbon–climate feedbacks. Still, considerable uncertainty remains in the representation of the terrestrial carbon cycle in Earth system models. An emerging strategy to constrain these uncertainties is to include the role of different microbial groups explicitly. Following this approach, we extend the framework of the MIcrobial-MIneral Carbon Stabilization (MIMICS) model with additional mycorrhizal groups and a nitrogen cycle that includes a novel representation of inorganic nitrogen sorption to particles via a Langmuir isotherm. MIMICS+ v1.0 is designed to capture and quantify relationships between soil microorganisms and their environment, with a particular emphasis on boreal ecosystems. We evaluated MIMICS+ against podzolic soil profiles in Norwegian forests as well as the conventional Community Land Model (CLM). MIMICS+ matched observed carbon stocks better than CLM and gave a broader range of C:N ratios, more in line with observations. This is mainly explained by a higher directly plant-derived fraction into the soil organic matter (SOM) pools. The model produces microbial biomass estimates in line with numbers reported in the literature. MIMICS+ also showed better representation of climate gradients than CLM, especially in terms of temperature. To investigate responses to changes in nutrient availability, we performed an N enrichment experiment and found that nitrogen sorbed to particles through the sorption algorithm served as a long-term storage of nutrients for the microbes. Furthermore, although the microbial groups responded considerably to the nitrogen enrichment, we only saw minor responses for carbon storage and respiration. Together, our results present MIMICS+ as an attractive tool for further investigations of interactions between microbial functioning and their (changing) environment.
Cow Milk Total Protein Analysis and Daily Intake Estimation in Armenia
Authors: Hovhannisyan A.S. , Beglaryan M.R. , Pipoyan D.A. , Merendino N.
Published: April 2024

Protein plays a critical role in both the nutrition and biological functions of milk, which is an important part of a balanced diet. In this study, we installed and implemented the fully automated Kjeldahl method, enabling the precise determination of the total protein content in cow milk. The investigation involved cow milk samples collected from Yerevan markets, representing 9 producers, over the years 2021 and 2022. The mean total protein content in the analyzed milk samples was found to be 2.93 g per 100 g.To determine the significance and contribution of milk protein in the adult population’s diet in Armenia, the daily protein intake through milk consumption was evaluated. Two consumer clusters were identified: one with moderate milk consumption (0.067 kg per day) and another with higher intake (0.208 kg per day). The contribution of milk protein to the overall protein intake in the diet of the adult population ranged from 2.62 % to 8.13 %. Despite varied levels of milk protein consumption, it is essential to acknowledge that Armenian protein sources extend beyond milk.
Using Alternative Raw Materials in Sugar Confectionery Production
Authors: Hovhannisyan N.G. , Mkhitaryan H.V. , Aperyan G.B. , Hayrapetyan R.S.
Published: April 2024

A novel recipe and production technology for sugar confectionery, specifically marmalade, has been developed through scientific and experimental research. The findings affirm that pumpkin and sea buckthorn purees can effectively substitute traditional plum and apple purees, eliminating the need for various coloring agents. The suggested product represents a domestically-produced marmalade, particularly in the food market, and this endeavor will play a crucial role in advancing both marmalade production and the development of the raw material base.
Comparative of Antioxidant property of Actinidia Deliciosa extracts by DPPH Assay
Authors: C.N Hemalatha , V Keerthana. , K Mehrunisha. , S Shalini. , B Geetha. , N Harikrishnan.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The kiwi fruit is the edible berry of a cultivar group of the woody vine of several Actinidia species. The most common commercially available, green-fleshed kiwi fruit is the cultivar 'Hayward', which belongs to the Actinidia deliciosa species. Various chemical tests such Quantitative and Qualitative analysis have been carried out on kiwi extract. Methods: The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH, an antioxidative screening of kiwi fruit components (pulp) crude extracts were carried out using specific assay media characterized for the presence of highly reactive species such as 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH). In-vitro the antioxidant enzymes study of DPPH. Result: In our study we have evaluated the antioxidant capacity of flesh of kiwi fruit and also evaluated the antioxidant activity of kiwi fruit constituents along with the array detector for curcumin and piperine. Conclusion: The Kiwi fruit which is highly antioxidant in nature was found to have activity against asthma. It also acts as an anti-oxidant, antidiabetic, anti-ulcer, anti-tumour, hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic effects, anti-inflammatory and many more. Recent studies show that phytoconstituent such as curcumin and piperine have used to treat asthma.
Machine learning and IoT based MIMO-UWB Antenna Integrated with Ku-Band for Seamless Wireless Communication
Authors: B. Ramesh
Published: April 2024

The implementation of machine learning algorithms with advanced antenna technologies, such as Multiple Input Multiple Output Ultra-Wideband -UWB- and Cup-Ban, has emerged as a powerful method for improving wireless communication systems. This research focuses on the effectiveness of applying three machine learning algorithms, which are Deep Q-Networks -DQN- , Label Propagation, and Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML). Using several experiments, we analyzed the throughput, latency, and packet loss of every algorithm. These were part of the project designed on a wireless signal combined with MIMO-UWB and Ku-Band. Nevertheless, MAML has the highest average throughput of 261.3 Mbps, and the other algorithms follow one by one: DQN with 252.5 Mbps and Label Propagation with 240.6 Mbps. As to latency, the lowest average is 9.0 ms and 11.0 ms for DQN and 14.2 ms for Label Propagation. Finally, MAML proved the least packet losses with the average value of 0.18% and DQN with 0.39% and 0.73% of Label Propagation .The results presented above indicate that by adapting more quickly to changing wireless environments, MAML effectively optimizes communication performance in terms of throughput, latency, and packet loss. Specifically, through its ability to accelerate the allocation of resources and management of networks as a whole, more frequent and rapid learning with MAML results in better system reliability and data integrity.