bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of University Students’ Chicken Meat Consumption Preferences and Knowledge of Chicken Production
Authors: Kepezkaya Ali , Abdallah Nasir , Kursun Kadriye , Baylan Mikail
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted to evaluate university students’ chicken meat consumption preferences and their level of knowledge about chicken production. The survey was conducted with 61 structured online questionnaires using the Kobo-collect Tool Box. The questionnaires were administered online via student WhatsApp groups. Chicken breast meat was the most consumed with cubed meat being the most preferred. The expiration date was the main factor affecting chicken meat purchasing decisions, and the majority of the respondents did not have any preferred cooking method. Heavier meat (>1 kg) and fresh chicken meat were the most preferred with the highest chicken meat consumption of 1-3 times per week. Chicken meat consumption was highest at dinner and in the winter season with viral diseases being perceived as the most dangerous chicken diseases. The Coronavirus outbreak affected the chicken meat consumption of the majority of the respondents and most of them bought meat from reliable sale points. Most of the respondents could differentiate between slow and fast-growing broiler hybrids with Ross 308 being the most recognized commercial broiler hybrid by the respondents. It was concluded that chicken meat consumption was higher among the respondents however, agriculture students should be motivated to improve their knowledge about chicken production.
Acceleration of Breaking Buds Dormancy on Apricot Trees by Using Alternatives of Hydrogen Cyanamide (Dormex) and Assessment of Resulting Fruits Quality
Authors: Farag Karim , Shehata Raed
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of alternatives of dormex on apricot budbreak and their effect on apricot fruit quality. Our study was carried out on five-years old “Canino” apricot at Badr district, El Behira Governorate, Egypt, during the two seasons 2022 and 2023, respectively. Twenty-four uniform apricot trees were selected and sprayed to the runoff once on 20 and 25 January during 2022 and 2023, respectively, by following treatments: control, mineral oil at 2%, low pyrite urea at 2%, ammonium nitrate at 1.5%, potassium nitrate at 2%, mineral oil combined with low pyrite urea at the same concentration of 2%, mineral oil at 2 % combined with ammonium nitrate at 1.5 %, mineral oil combined with potassium nitrate at the same concentration of 2%. For each of the treatments that were used, 0.05% (v/v) of the non-ionic surfactant tween 80 was applied. In both seasons, the use alternatives dormex chemicals resulted in better budbreak than control trees especially the formulation of mineral oil at (2%) plus potassium nitrate (2%).
Effects of Different Zinc Concentrations on Culture Growth of Spirulina platensis and Its Production of Zinc Enriched as Superfood
Authors: Akgül Füsun , Akgül Rıza
Published: December 2024

With its high protein, vitamin and mineral content, Spirulina platensis (SP) is the most widely used microalgae as a food supplement and the most cultivated microalgae for this purpose. Zinc is a regulatory microelement that is incorporated into the structure of many proteins in the cell and is particularly deficient in cereal-based societies. Due to the high adaptability of SP to environments with high metal concentrations and its high capacity to secrete substances called phytochelatin and metal-binding capacity, in this study zinc-enriched SP (ZnSP) was produced by binding metals to SP by organic means. For this purpose, modified media with 4 different Zn concentrations were prepared and SP was cultured in these media. Optical density, chlorophyll-a, phycobiliprotein and dry cell weight analyses were performed to monitor the culture. During the culture period, biomass and filtered culture medium were collected from logarithmic and stationary stages and Zn analyses were performed. The most suitable culture medium and growth conditions were determined to obtain Zn-enriched SP. 338.4 mg kg-1 Zn was measured in SP biomass grown in Zn-3 medium containing 8 mg L-1 Zn. It may be possible to obtain Zn-enriched SP in this medium and under the specified culture conditions, and even this ratio can be increased by adding Zn to the culture medium after the logarithmic stage.
A Brief Overview of Stereology and Morphometry Method in Histology and Biology
Authors: Dağdeviren Tuğba , Yolcu Hatice Kübra
Published: December 2024

Quantitative analyses in biological science are especially important in terms of determining and comparing the geometric properties of biological structures. Stereology and morphometry are two important complementary methods frequently used in this field. Stereology refers to the quantitative analysis of the three-dimensional geometric properties of biological structures. In particular, it is used to determine the criteria such as volume, surface area and length of many cells, organelles and tissues with microscopic properties. In addition, this method allows to obtain information about three-dimensional structures by measurements made on randomly selected sections. Thanks to these techniques, accurate estimates of the general structure can be made with data obtained from certain sections instead of examining biological samples completely. Morphometry, on the other hand, is suitable for examining biological structures in terms of shape and size. It is a suitable method for determining the shape changes of organisms and structural elements. Morphometry digitizes the data by making measurements in the digital environment and performs statistical analysis on these data. Measurements are made more quantitative by volume fraction analysis. The importance of stereology and morphometry in quantitative morphology enables the objective realization of biological structures in quantitative analysis in both methods. These methods thus allow the examination of the material at hand, which is mathematical and statistical. In addition to biology, tissue science Quantitative biology has a special place in three-dimensional studies in histology. This review is particularly concerned with stereology and morphometry, and the aim of the review is to give dimension to a specific topic under investigation, thus providing a good background for diagnostic decision making by strengthening traditional approaches, and to address the contributions of these methods in scientific studies.
Evolution of Parasitoidism in Hymenoptera
Authors: Hastaoğlu Örgen Sevda , Gülmez Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Insects, the most diverse group of animals, are known to benefit society for a sustainable future. By focusing on the use of natural enemies of pests, including parasitoids and predators, the need for biological pest control for the conservation of agricultural crops has been emphasized. Parasites are organisms that live in the body of another organism and feed on it without killing it, while predators hunt, kill and eat their prey. Parasitoids, on the other hand, live in or on another organism and feed on it, ultimately killing the host. Our study highlights the use of parasitoids to control pests in agriculture and describes the parasitoid lifestyle as an evolutionary transition between parasitism and predation. It also notes that parasitoid larvae typically require only one host to complete their development and can be used to control a wide range of pests. The aim of this study was to determine the origin of the parasitic life form of order Hymenpotera, the mechanisms revealed by the parasitic life form, the importance of life strategies, the types of parasitism and to evaluate the important insect groups belonging to the order Hymenoptera used in biological control.
Initial Assessment the Effects of Polyethylene Microplastics on the Growth of Zebrafish Embryos Danio rerio
Authors: Le Dang Khoi Ta , Xuan Nui Pham , Lai Thanh Nguyen , Thi Hai Do , Thi Thanh Thuy Tran , Mai Hoa Nguyen , Thi Thanh Hai Pham , Huong Tran Thi Thu
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study to evaluate the effect of polyethylene (PE) microplastics to mortality rates and morphological changes of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos by determining the mortality ratio of embryos and changes in embryo morphological structure after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of exposure. Zebrafish were obtained from the Faculty of Biology - Hanoi University of Science. 24-hour-old fish embryos were exposed to PE microplastic concentrations of 5; 10; 20; 50 and 100 µg/mL. The results showed that when exposed to microplastics at concentrations of 10 µg/mL or higher, only about 5-10% of mortality embryos and the ratio did not increase with increasing concentration. These embryos died in the first 24 h and the number of dead embryos did not increase throughout the experiment. A similar trend was also observed when evaluating the ratio of morphologically abnormal embryos, embryos with abnormal pericardial edema were observed throughout the experiment at the highest concentration of 100 µg/mL. The results showed the potential risk in the using plastic products for the ecological environment.
Application of WebGIS in Managing and Monitoring Greenery in Schools: A Case Study at the Thu Dau Mot University
Authors: Le Tan Dat Nguyen , Minh Hai Tu
Published: December 2024

This research developed a WebGIS system for managing green spaces at the Thu Dau Mot University. The system utilizes PostgreSQL for data storage and GeoServer for spatial data sharing, enabling efficient communication of field data. The platform's user-friendly interface, combined with QGIS tools and PostGIS/PostgreSQL, allows for easy data visualization and management, even for users without GIS expertise. This cost-effective solution facilitates quick information sharing, fosters a shared understanding of the data, and enables more efficient and sustainable management of the university's green spaces.
Impacts of Vetiver Grass and DT2008 Soybean Cover Crop Practices on Soil Quality in Citrus Orchards in Cao Phong, Hoa Binh
Authors: Thu Tran Thi Tuyet , Ngoc Hieu Le , Nhat Ha Le , Anh Thu Ngo Hong , Minh Ha Pham
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the efficiency of biomass management, residue quantity, and quality from Vetiver grass and DT2008 soybean cover crops in improving soil quality, including carbon and nitrogen content and soil physiochemical properties. Mesocosm experiments in pots were conducted with six treatments, each was replicated three times: CT0 (control), CT1 (2% Vetiver grass mulch), CT2 (2% DT2008 mulch), CT3 (1% Vetiver grass and 1% DT2008 mulch), CT4 (1% Vetiver grass and 1% DT2008 buried), and CT5 (2% DT2008 buried). After 12 months, significant increases in total carbon, nitrogen, and humic and fulvic acids were observed, indicating enhanced soil physiochemical properties. CT5 and CT4 showed the highest carbon, nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) improvements. Soil moisture, pH in water (pHH2O), pH in KCl (pHKCl), and hydrolytic acidity were higher in CT1, CT2, and CT3. Nitrogen accumulation efficiency was relatively lower than carbon (24.44% to 86.67%), while carbon accumulation efficiency was much higher (41.94% to 91.72%). The most effective methods were to bury soybean biomass or mulch Vetiver grass over a soybean plant mulching layer, with Vetiver grass mulch recommended for enhancing and conserving soil fertility.
A Phonological Sketch of Modo: An Endangered Language in Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Balukh Jermy I. , Khairiah Dewi , Yanti  , Maerina Ryen
Published: December 2024

Modo is an endangered Austronesian language mainly spoken on the islands of Komodo and Rinca in East Nusa Tenggara Province of Indonesia. Despite its status as an endangered language, Modo remains under-documented and understudied. This paper presents a phonological sketch of Modo based on primary data collected from native speakers in our 30-day fieldwork on the two islands. Through careful analysis of recordings from an elicited wordlist and transcription of naturalistic speech, this description covers Modo’s consonant and vowel inventories, syllable structure, stress assignment, and morphophonological analysis. Modo exhibits 31 consonants, including eight prenasalized stops, two implosives /ɓ/ and /ɗ/, the dental plosive /d̪/, the labio-dental approximant /ʋ/, and the loan palatal approximant /j/ and labio-dental fricative /f/. Additionally, Modo has six oral vowels, including the mid-central vowel /ə/, and five nasal vowels. The syllable structure of Modo is predominantly open, though it permits the consonants /h/ and /ʔ/ in word-final positions. Stress in Modo is generally assigned to the penultimate syllable, though shifts can occur in more complex phrases and sentences, indicating a nuanced prosodic system. Modo exhibits limited morphophonological processes, with only deletion and assimilation found in compounding. Furthermore, this study includes a brief discussion on practical orthography to enhance the accessibility of Modo’s unique phonemic units. We suggest the representation of distinctive phonemes, such as the implosives /ɓ/ and /ɗ/, voiced dental /d̪/, labio-dental approximant /ʋ/, and nasal vowels. This phonological sketch not only contributes to the documentation of an endangered language but also clarifies some phonological issues found in previous works and underscores the intricate linguistic features that characterize the Modo language, paving the way for future research and revitalization efforts.
Embracing Pluriversalism in Knowledge Production and Dissemination
Authors: Sugiharto Setiono
Published: December 2024

The fetish for disseminating knowledge through scholarly publication is tangible today with local scholars being heavily pressured to publish in both indexed local and international journals. While this intellectual endeavour is commendable for knowledge generation and dissemination, the very notion of knowledge is still strongly influenced by the Euro-and Western-centric orientation. This article problematizes the perpetuation of such knowledge especially in local academic publishing (i.e. Indonesia), and invites local scholars to mull over the possibility for thinking and acting otherwise, for seeking a radical alternative out of the existing alternatives, and for considering other ways of knowing and of being – that is to say, to embrace pluriversalim of knowledge through a space of “worlds and knowledges otherwise” (Escobar, 2007). In so doing, we can cultivate among local scholars another way of thinking – non-Euro-and non-Western-modes of thinking. The article will first examine the long-held scientific tradition in local academic writing and publishing practices. Then it discusses the lingering processes of intellectual hegemony in these practices. Finally, it offers another radical thought for creating a space of worlds and knowledges otherwise.
Evaluation of Rheum Aqueous Extract Effects on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Valproic Acid-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rat Model
Authors: Abdulrahman Raed Mohammed , Al-Qadhi Huda Ibraheem , Ahmed Watban Abdullah
Published: December 2024

Background: Valproic acid (VPA) is a widely used anticonvulsant and mood stabilizer, but its clinical utility is often limited by hepatotoxicity. Rheum species, commonly known as rhubarb, have demonstrated hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, but their effects on inflammatory biomarkers in VPA-induced hepatotoxicity remain unclear. Objective: To evaluate the impact of Rheum aqueous extract on IL-6 and TNF-α levels in a rat model of VPA-induced hepatotoxicity, focusing on its potential hepatoprotective mechanisms. Methods: Thirty male albino rats were divided into five groups: Control, VPA-induced hepatotoxicity, L-carnitine, Rheum aqueous extract, and a combination of L-carnitine and Rheum extract. VPA was administered orally at 250 mg/kg/day for 20 days to induce hepatotoxicity. Treatments with L-carnitine (250 mg/kg/day) and Rheum extract (80 mg/kg/day) were initiated post-induction for 15 days. IL-6 and TNF-α levels were measured to assess inflammatory responses. Results: VPA treatment significantly increased IL-6 and TNF-α levels, indicating heightened inflammation. Both L-carnitine and Rheum extract independently reduced these inflammatory markers, with L-carnitine demonstrating a slightly stronger effect. However, combination therapy showed mixed outcomes: IL-6 levels were reduced, but TNF-α levels were unexpectedly elevated compared to the VPA group. Conclusion: L-carnitine and Rheum extract exhibit significant anti-inflammatory effects individually, reducing IL-6 and TNF-α levels in VPA-induced hepatotoxicity. However, their combination revealed potential adverse interactions, emphasizing the need for further research into their combined therapeutic application. These findings contribute to the understanding of natural and synthetic interventions for mitigating drug-induced liver injury.
Reflection of the main legal archetypes in Russian folk tales
Authors: Popova Iuliia Evgen'evna
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the description of the phenomenon of legal archetypes of order, property, power, personality and their reflection in Russian folk tales. The identification of these archetypes is to a certain extent conditional, since these elements of the collective unconscious are not given as an immediate empirical reality. Archetypes are dynamic phenomena that manifest themselves in the form of impulses. They give life to myths, religions, and philosophical concepts that affect entire nations. The archetypes of the collective unconscious have a significant impact on the process of legal socialization and constitute in their entirety a matrix of legal behavior. It is necessary to talk about the varying degrees of generalization of these archetypes. Each of them can be "fragmented" into several other archetypes, each of them intersects and is interconnected with the others.  Nevertheless, all the listed legal archetypes meet their main characteristics: a) they represent a structural element of the collective unconscious, that is, their existence does not depend on the mental processes of a single individual; b) they do not lend themselves to direct empirical observation, but manifest themselves indirectly, expressed in myths and fairy tales; c) they are typical and repeatable; d) they are universal, manifested in plots that are very similar among peoples of different cultures. Nevertheless, all the listed legal archetypes meet their main characteristics: a) they represent a structural element of the collective unconscious, that is, their existence does not depend on the mental processes of a single individual; b) they do not lend themselves to direct empirical observation, but manifest themselves indirectly, expressed in myths and fairy tales; c) they are typical and repeatable; d) they are universal, manifested in plots that are very similar among peoples of different cultures.
The field of color correlations in Russian-speaking grapheme-colour synesthetes as a biosociocultural paradigm
Authors: Peshchanitskaia Elena Vladimirovna
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is a quantitative and qualitative assessment of color representation in the synesthetic perception of Russian alphabet and Arabic numerals, and outlining the sociocultural potential of grapheme-color synesthesia. Open-access textual, graphic, and combined "synesthetic palettes" of Russian-speaking synesthetes comprise the subject matter of the research; its scope is the color choices structure in synesthetic grapheme characterizations. Two data categories were analyzed: 25 letter-color correlation sets (16 females, 6 males, 3 unspecified); and 23 number-color correlation sets (17 females, 5 males, 1 unspecified). The hues were grouped and sorted by the number of mentions. For each group, the numbers of "top-choice" positions, grapheme counterparts, and mentions were calculated, and the color groups most and least represented were defined. The Shannon, Margalef, and Simpson indices were employed to assess the "color diversity" of synesthetic correlations. The most "popular" synesthetic colors are blue ('sinij'), green and yellow, and the least "popular" are light blue ('goluboj'), pink, beige (for letter-color correlations) / transparent (for number-color correlations), and orange. The color diversity assessment revealed its moderately high level. The average number of color groups in individual synesthetic correlations field was 10 for letters and 8 for numbers. A qualitative variability is significant for both the colors (including achromatic shades) and their verbal descriptions. The novelty of the research is that quantitative and qualitative methods are employed to analyze synesthesia comprehensively and interdisciplinary as a biosociocultural phenomenon. The results indicate an expanded synesthetic perception of a grapheme as a sign and its content. This establishes a potential for using synesthesia to encode messages in the color fields of individual and public spaces to express their significant meanings or functions, create a comfortable environment for certain social groups and, finally, form urban identities.
Effectiveness of the methodology for selecting high-yielding soybean genotypes in the breeding nursery
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Trunova M.V.
Published: December 2024

In 2023, a retrospective analysis of the lines distinguished in the competitive variety trial was carried out and the performance of the earlier developed methodology of soybean genotype selection from the breeding nursery based on estimation by seed weight or a harvest index was tested. The data obtained confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed selection criteria. Of the five lines of different maturity groups analyzed, four were selected by harvest index and fully complied with the selection algorithm, one of them was selected by maximum seed weight and had an above-average harvest index. The early maturing line was selected by harvest index. It was not possible to evaluate the direction of selection in this maturity group due to the lack of genotypes with similar growing season in the competitive variety trial. In addition to the chosen selection algorithm, it is recommended to select genotypes with maximum seed weight or harvest index in each maturity group, taking into account high values of the less important parameter.
Hydroponic system for growing sunflower plants for breeding purposes
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Demurin Ya.N. , Peretyagina Т.М. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Chebanova Yu.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Konnov N.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Shirokikh A.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Sarkisyan E.S. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Perestoronina O.Yu. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: December 2024

The object of the research was breeding lines and samples from the genetic collection of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The aim of the work was to experimentally test the possibility of seed production under hydroponics conditions to improve the breeding efficiency. Plants were grown under controlled climate conditions. Mats and cubes of mineral wool were used as a substrate. All the minerals required for plant development were added to the mats using an automatic solution unit. A total of 12 chemical elements were included in the nutrient solution: N, P, K, Ca, S, Mg, B, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn and Zn. The area of the hydroponics chamber was 75 m2. Four cycles of sunflower plants from seed sowing to physiological maturity of the next generation seeds were carried out between March 2023 and June 2024. The adapted irrigation scheme with different nutrient solutions depending on the phenological stage of the plants allowed to obtain seeds in the same volume as in the field conditions. Year-round cultivation of plants and obtaining sunflower seeds in the conditions of hydro-ponics chamber can be a full-fledged addition to group net isolators in primary seed production, as well as breeding nursery in field conditions. The possibility of performing a full cycle of hybridological analysis under hydroponics growing conditions in autumn-winter period, including simultaneous production of seeds of all generations P, F1, F2 and F3, is shown.
Sosialisasi Peningkatan Kualitas Pembelajaran Di Sekolah MDTA Ar-Rohmah Melalui Implementasi Kurikulum Terstruktur dan Terukur
Authors: Syarifah Siti , Rohmah Erifka Awaliah
Published: December 2024

Latar belakang penelitian ini berfokus pada peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran di sekolah MDTA ARROHMAH dengan penerapan kurikulum terstruktur dan terukur. Metode yang digunakan adalah Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) yang mengidentifikasi dan memanfaatkan aset lokal untuk mendukung pengembangan pendidikan. Dalam implementasinya, kurikulum dikembangkan berdasarkan potensi dan kebutuhan sekolah, dengan melibatkan komunitas dan pemangku kepentingan. Hasil dari penerapan kurikulum ini menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam keterampilan dan pengetahuan siswa, serta keterlibatan aktif komunitas. Kesimpulannya, kurikulum yang terstruktur dan terukur, bila dikembangkan dengan pendekatan ABCD, efektif dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran di MDTA ARROHMAH, mendorong partisipasi komunitas, dan memperkuat hasil pendidikan secara keseluruhan.
АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ОБОСНОВАНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ОСВОЕНИЯ ЗАКУСТАРЕННЫХ ЗАЛЕЖНЫХ ЗЕМЕЛЬ В НЕЧЕРНОЗЕМЬЕ
Authors: Иванов А.И.
Published: December 2024

Современное агромелиоративное состояние залежных земель Нечерноземной зоны Российской Федерации (РФ) характеризуется как неудовлетворительное. Их освоение требует совершенствования фундаментально-прикладных основ культуртехнической мелиорации. С целью комплексной оценки агромелиоративного состояния и доступных технологических вариантов освоения закустаренных залежных земель выполнено полевое мониторинговое и экспериментальное исследование. Методической основой служили два полевых опыта в травяных севооборотах. Схемы опытов включали в себя около 30 технологических вариантов сведения древесно-кустарниковой растительности (ДКР) и ускоренного окультуривания почвы. Почва опытов – дерново-подзолистая глееватая тяжелосуглинистая средне- и слабоокультуренная по комплексу свойств. Темпы зарастания земель ДКР и запасы ее надземной биомассы определены сочетанием комплекса ландшафтно-экологических, почвенных и геоботанических условий. Установлено, что уровень зарастания пашни в Нечерноземной зоне России составляет 43% при среднегодовом темпе прироста надземной биомассы ДКР в 6,4 т га–1, среднем ее запасе на 1 га – 154 т га–1, потенциале эмиссии СО2 – 75 т га–1. Сделан вывод о том, что залежные земли следует осваивать при обязательном проведении ускоренного окультуривания их почв. Доступные технологии освоения закустаренной залежи сформировали убывающие ряды: по агрономической эффективности в т га–1 к. ед. – прямая запашка (9,01) > биоуглевая (8,29) ≥ биотопливная (8,05) > фрезерная (7,52) ≥ мульчерная (7,33) > традиционная корчевка (6,30); по срокам окупаемости технологических затрат – биотопливная (0,2 года) > прямая запашка кустарника (при зарастании до 50 т га) (0,7 года) > фрезерная (1,2 года) ≥ мульчерная (1,4 года) > традиционная (корчевка) (1,8 года) > биоуглевая (2,1 года); по потенциалу сокращения эмиссии углекислого газа (аккумулятивно-эмиссионному соотношению) – биоуглевая (2,05) > прямая запашка (1,12) > мульчерная (0,55) ≥ фрезерная (0,53) > биотопливная (0,40) ≥ корчевка (0,35).
ФОТОЛЮМИНЕСЦЕНЦИЯ ПОЛУПРОВОДНИКОВЫХ КРИСТАЛЛОВ ТИПА А2Б6 НА ПРИМЕРЕ ZNSE
Authors: ГЛАДИЛИН А А.
Published: December 2024

В работе представлен обзор исследований полупроводниковых кристаллов типа A2B6 на примере кристаллов ZnSe. Основное внимание уделено влиянию дефектов кристаллической решетки и легирующих примесей на спектры фотолюминесценции. Рассматриваются различные механизмы формирования точечных и протяженных дефектов, а также их влияние на энергетические уровни в запрещенной зоне. В статье анализируются особенности спектров фотолюминесценции кристаллов ZnSe, легированных переходными металлами и галогенами, при различных температурных условиях. Показано, что легирование и наличие дефектов в кристалле оказывают значительное влияние на интенсивность и положение спектральных линий. Данные исследования играют важную роль в разработке новых материалов для лазеров и детекторов среднего инфракрасного диапазона.

This article provides a review of studies on A2B6 semiconductor crystals, focusing on ZnSe crystals. Particular attention is given to the impact of crystal lattice defects and doping impurities on photoluminescence spectra. Various mechanisms of point and extended defect formation, as well as their effects on energy levels within the bandgap, are examined. The article analyzes the features of photoluminescence spectra of ZnSe crystals doped with transition metals and halogens under different temperature conditions. It is demonstrated that doping and the presence of defects significantly influence the intensity and position of spectral lines. These findings are crucial for the development of new materials for lasers and detectors operating in the mid-infrared range.
МЕТОДЫ АТОМНО-СЛОЕВОГО ОСАЖДЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ТОНКИХ ПЛЕНОК ОКСИДА ИНДИЯ ЛЕГИРОВАННОГО ОЛОВОМ
Authors: ЧИЖ К В.
Published: December 2024

В работе рассмотрены методы нанесения оптически прозрачных тонких пленок In2O3:Sn (ITO) различными методами атомно-слоевого осаждения приведены режимы нанесения и сравнение плёнок полученных различными процессами нанесения. Показана скорость роста пленок для разных процессов нанесения определены оптимальные температуры осаждения. Рассмотрены процесс плазменно-стимулированного атомно-слоевое осаждение пленок для снижения температуры осаждения. Проведено обобщение характеристик получаемых пленок с учетом особенностей процесса синтеза.

Methods of applying optically transparent thin films In2O3 are considered in the work:Sn (ITO) application modes and comparison of films obtained by various deposition processes are given by various atomic layer deposition methods. The growth rate of films for different deposition processes is shown and the optimal deposition temperatures are determined. The process of plasma-stimulated atomic layer deposition of films to reduce the deposition temperature is considered. The characteristics of the obtained films are generalized taking into account the peculiarities of the synthesis process.
РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ ЗВУКА В МАГНИТНОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ, СОДЕРЖАЩЕЙ ЭЛЛИПСОИДАЛЬНЫЕ АГРЕГАТЫ
Authors: КУРИЛОВ А Д.
Published: December 2024

Предложена модель распространения звука в намагниченной магнитной жидкости, содержащей эллипсоидальные агрегаты. Модель количественно описывает геометрию агрегатов, сформированных из наночастиц. Получены выражения для коэффициента затухания и скорости звука, учитывающие диполь-дипольное взаимодействие между агрегатами. В предельных случаях производные выражения сводятся к классическим, а параметры подгонки являются геометрическими характеристиками агрегатов. Разработанная модель позволяет определять размеры агрегатов и расстояния между ними в эксперименте. Полученные результаты также могут быть использованы для анализа полевых зависимостей акустических свойств и моделирования кинетики роста агрегатов в магнитном поле.

A model of sound propagation in a magnetized magnetic fluid containing ellipsoidal aggregates is proposed. The model quantitatively describes the geometry of aggregates formed from nanoparticles. Expressions for the attenuation coefficient and the speed of sound are obtained, taking into account the dipole-dipole interaction between aggregates. In limiting cases, the derived expressions are reduced to classical ones, and the fitting parameters are geometric characteristics of aggregates. The developed model makes it possible to determine the dimensions of aggregates and the distances between them from an experiment. The obtained results can also be used to analyze the field dependences of acoustic properties and model the kinetics of aggregate growth in a magnetic field.
К вопросу о криминологической обусловленности уголовной ответственности за преступления, связанные с суицидом
Authors: Красковский Я.Э. , Яшин Н.А.
Published: December 2024

Исследуются проблемы уголовной ответственности за совершение преступлений, связанных с суицидом. Целью публикации является криминологическое обоснование изменений и дополнений, внесенных в законодательство Российской Федерации, ужесточающих уголовную ответственность за эти общественно опасные деяния. Анализируются суждения представителей науки антикриминального цикла в данной сфере. Оценивается общественная опасность доведения до самоубийства, склонения к совершению самоубийства или содействия совершению самоубийства, а также организации деятельности, направленной на побуждение к совершению самоубийства. Делается вывод, что новеллы уголовного закона являются не только своевременными, но и криминологически обусловленными. На основе изучения литературных источников и норм уголовного законодательства предлагается снижение возраста привлечения к уголовной ответственности за совершение рассматриваемых преступлений.

Problems of criminal liability for committing crimes related to suicide are investigated. The purpose of the publication is a criminological rationale for the changes and additions made to the legislation of the Russian Federation, toughening criminal liability for these socially dangerous acts. The judgments of representatives of the science of the anticrymnal cycle in this field are analyzed. The public danger of bringing to suicide, inclination to commit suicide or facilitating the commission of suicide, as well as the organization of activities aimed at encouraging to commit suicide is evaluated. It is concluded that the novels of the criminal law are not only timely, but also criminologically determined. Based on the study of literary sources and the norms of criminal law, it is proposed to reduce the age of bringing to criminal responsibility for the commission of the crimes in question.
Виды оценочных категорий в гражданском процессе
Authors: Боловнев М.А. , Рехтина И.В.
Published: December 2024

Рассматриваются вопросы использования и применения при рассмотрении гражданских дел оценочных понятий, закрепленных как в тексте нормативных актов, так в доктрине. Установлено, что отсутствие нормативных ориентиров или конкретизации понятия в актах высших судебных органов приводит к противоречивым судебным постановлениям, нарушает единообразие судебной практики и снижает уровень гарантий судебной защиты нарушенных прав и охраняемых законом интересов. Авторы дают общую характеристику категорий, не имеющих определенного содержания, и предлагают их классификацию. Выделяется три группы оценочных понятий: оценочные категории, имеющие конкретизацию и общее толкование непосредственно в нормах процессуального кодекса оценочные понятия, не имеющие нормативного определения, однако раскрывающиеся и конкретизирующиеся в актах высших судебных органов Российской Федерации оценочные категории, не имеющие расшифровки ни в процессуальных нормах, ни в судебной практике. В статье подчеркивается, что при установлении единообразия в применении оценочных категорий на практике будут сведены к минимуму правовые коллизии, пробелы и противоречия, множественность которых подрывает авторитет судебной власти и нарушает право на справедливое судебное разбирательство.

The article discusses the use and application in the consideration of civil cases of appraisal concepts, fixed both in the text of normative acts, so in doctrine. It is established that the absence of normative guidelines or concretization of the notion in acts of higher judicial bodies leads to contradictory judicial decisions, violates the uniformity of judicial practice and reduces the level of guarantees for judicial protection of violated rights and protected by law. The authors classify and general characteristics of categories that do not have a certain content. There are three groups of appraisal concepts: appraisal categories that have a specificity, a general interpretation directly in the norms of the procedural code appraisal concepts that do not have a normative definition, but are disclosed and specified in acts of the highest judicial bodies of the Russian Federation evaluation categories that are not deciphered either in procedural norms or in judicial practice. The article emphasizes that in establishing uniformity in the application of evaluation categories in practice, legal conflicts, gaps and contradictions, the plurality of which undermines the authority of the judiciary and violates the right to a fair trial, will be minimized.
ПРОФИЛАКТИКА ВИЧ-ИНФЕКЦИИ СРЕДИ ОСУЖДЕННЫХ, ОТБЫВАЮЩИХ НАКАЗАНИЕ В ВИДЕ ЛИШЕНИЯ СВОБОДЫ, КАК СПОСОБ ПОДДЕРЖАНИЯ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ЗДОРОВЬЯ И БЛАГОСОСТОЯНИЯ
Authors: Гладкая Ю.Е. , Шевелева Г.В. , Чащина А.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье представлен анализ социальной работы с ВИЧ-инфицированными осужденными, отбывающими наказание в виде лишения свободы, их особенные потребности и основные аспекты профилактической работы с данной категорией граждан.
ПРОФИЛАКТИКА СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ОТКЛОНЕНИЙ ПОДРОСТКОВ И УЧАЩЕЙСЯ МОЛОДЁЖИ
Authors: Макоева З.А. , Кушхова А.Ф.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена анализу различного рода социальных отклонений в подростковой и молодёжной среде. Рассматриваются особенности дезадаптивного поведения, уровни его проявления, а также описываются сложности в точной его идентификации. Причины этого видятся в субъективности и относительности характеристик с учётом разнообразия и противоречивости понятия нормы для разных периодов общественного развития. В этой связи предлагается отойти от методов профилактики девиантного поведения только лишь с позиций социального контроля и ограничения в пользу психолого-педагогической направленности профилактических мер.
СОЦИАЛЬНО ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО РАБОТНИКА С СЕМЬЕЙ
Authors: Сулейманова Т.Г.
Published: December 2024

Целью изучения в данной статье ставятся вопросы о роли и месте социального работника в обществе, социально-психологических особенности и профессиональных взаимоотношений социального работника с клиентами, освещение набора профессиональных и личностных качеств социального работника необходимых для осуществления эффективной профессиональной деятельности
ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННЫЙ И ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ОПЫТ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ СЛУЖБ ТЕЛЕФОНА ДОВЕРИЯ
Authors: Хагажеева Р.А. , Макоева З.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается отечественный и зарубежный опыт деятельности служб телефона доверия, и в полной мере раскрываются теоретические основы моделей и подходов к организации телефонов доверия в России и за рубежом: основные принципы работы и этика телефонного консультирования. Особое внимание уделяется историческому аспекту: основание движения добровольцев, попытки организации служб телефонной помощи в СССР и за рубежом. За основу берутся также отличительные черты деятельности службы телефона доверия в России и за рубежом.
НЕПОЛНАЯ СЕМЬЯ КАК ФАКТОР ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ДЕЛИНКВЕНТНОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ НЕСОВЕРШЕННОЛЕТНИХ
Authors: Тафинцева Л. М. , Лаухина С.Ю.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются факторы формирования делинквентного поведения несовершеннолетних в неполных семьях, анализируются психологические аспекты такого поведения, а также представлены возможные методы работы социальных служб и педагогических специалистов для предотвращения делинквентного поведения несовершеннолетних из неполных семей.
ПОВСЕДНЕВНАЯ ЦИФРОВАЯ РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ: ВЛИЯНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ НА ЖИЗНЬ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ
Authors: Шарипова Э.Р. , Большакова Н.Л.
Published: December 2024

В данной научной статье исследовано влияние социальной работы на жизнь современной молодежи в контексте информационного социума. Рассмотрены как положительные, так и негативные аспекты цифровизации социальной сферы и предложены пути оптимизации социальной работы для эффективного взаимодействия с современной молодежью. Таким образом, интеграция цифровых инструментов в практику социальной работы может стать значимым шагом на пути к созданию инклюзивного и адаптирующегося к новым вызовам общества.
КРОСС-КУЛЬТУРНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ МНОГОПОЛЯРНОГО МИРА
Authors: Ахмаров А.В. , Ахмаров Т-А.В.
Published: December 2024

Данная статья обсуждает кросс-культурные аспекты отечественной социальной работы в условиях многополярного мира. В контексте глобализации и разнообразия культурных сред, социальные работники сталкиваются с необходимостью эффективного взаимодействия с клиентами из различных культурных контекстов. Статья обращает внимание на сложности такого взаимодействия, необходимость адаптации подходов и методов работы, а также значимость обучения и профессионального развития в этой области. В заключении подчеркивается важность развития культурной компетентности и гибкости для обеспечения качественных социальных услуг в многополярном мире.
ТРАДИЦИОННЫЕ ЦЕННОСТИ В МОЛОДЕЖНОМ СОЗНАНИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ СТАБИЛИЗАЦИИ ОБЩЕСТВА
Authors: Кушхова А.Ф. , Макоева З.А.
Published: December 2024

Актуальность темы исследования обусловлена тем, что в современных условиях на процесс формирования нравственной культуры оказывают влияние социальные и экономические проблемы реформирования общества. По нашему мнению, особую ценность представляют конкретно-социологические исследования по изучению состояния нравственной культуры студентов. Изучая современный этап данного процесса, можно предположить, что возрастает потребность в новом мышлении и новом человеке. Но сложность переходного периода заключается в том, что реализация задач по формированию нравственной культуры невозможна без четкой программы системы формирования общественной нравственности - вообще, и молодежи, в частности.
Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulation Provides Analgesic Relief for Post Stroke Facial Pain
Authors:   Cooper University Hospital, 1 Cooper Plaza, Camden, NJ 08103, USA, Pooleri Anand
Published: December 2024

Background: Trigeminal trophic syndrome is a rare neuropathic disorder that affects the trigeminal dermatome with a severe litany array of symptoms, including unilateral facial paresthesia and dysesthesia. In most cases, Management is typically conservative, and non-operative and, utilizesing the same similar treatment modalities utilized to address in more common forms of neuropathic pain. Unfortunately, these analgesic options are not consistently effective.
Level of Awareness of Industrialised Building Systems (IBS) in The Ghanaian Construction Industry
Authors: Ako-Adjei J. T. , Alhassan T. , Adjei P. O. , Asante A.
Published: December 2024

Purpose:  Adopting Industrialised Building Systems (IBS) in the developed world has proven beneficial for raising and enhancing project value and productivity while reducing project costs and duration.  This study assessed the prevalence of IBS implementation among Ghanaian construction firms, focusing on those in the Bono region.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study employed a cross-sectional survey research design to elicit responses from construction contractors with a construction firm in the Bono region of Ghana. The study used a structured questionnaire with a 4-point Likert scale for data collection. Purposive sampling was used to sample 42 active firms out of the 61 construction firms registered in the Bono region. Data was analysed using a statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) using descriptive statistical tools such as mean and standard deviation.
Findings: The study identified high awareness of IBS in the construction industry and critical IBS adoption challenges. The industry favours traditional techniques over modern IBS techniques. Financial constraints and a lack of financing are the significant obstacles to the widespread adoption of IBS.
Research Limitation: The Bono Region in Ghana was the study's exclusive focus, particularly on contractors and construction firms. The contractors are classified in the D2K2 and D3K3 categories.
Practical Implications: This will ensure that professionals can manipulate advanced and sophisticated technologies to improve project performance.
Social Implication: Adopting IBS can enhance efficiency, quality, safety, productivity of skilled labour, innovation, and economic growth. IBS can also help improve the housing stock, reduce informal settlements, and improve the quality of life.
Originality/Value: The study contributes significantly to the literature on industrialised building systems (IBS) by exclusively focusing on the prevalence of IBS implementation among Ghanaian construction firms.
Correlation Between Lipid Profile and Liver Function in Patients With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver
Authors: A'laa H. Juwad  , Ammar L. Hussein
Published: December 2024

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic liver disease characterized by a broad range of liver pathology, including simple steatosis, steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocarcinoma. NAFLD has emerged as a public health concern in the world within the last 20 years, it is linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, and dyslipidemia. Increased visceral adipose tissue in obese people can cause insulin resistance (IR) and hyperinsulinemia, which will speed up the lipolysis of adipose tissue, Lipo-toxicity-related chronic low-grade inflammation is involved in the development of NAFLD.
Objective: Determine the correlation between lipid profile and liver function in patients with NAFLD.
Patients and Methods: A study was conducted at Tikrit Teaching Hospital from 28 November to 28 December 2023. The study involved 90 participants, 60 with NAFLD and 30 healthy subjects. The study used a spectrophotometer (Model NO. HV-2800EX) and a colorimetric kit from Spain linear chemicals to determine various parameters, such as Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase(ALT), Gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT), High-density lipoprotein(HDL), Low-density lipoprotein(LDL), Very low-density lipoprotein(VLDL), Triglyceride(TG), and cholesterol.
Results: The mean age of patients in the group was 40.93 years, with ages ranging from 20 to 50 years. Serum levels of liver function enzymes (GGT, AST, ALT) and lipid profile (TG, HDL, LDL, VLDL, cholesterol) were measured and compared to the control groups. Patients with NAFLD had significantly higher serum liver function enzymes and increased serum lipid profile (TG, VLDL, LDL, and cholesterol) while showing a significant decrease in HDL concentration when compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The patients showed an increase in liver function enzymes (AST, ALT, GGT) and lipid profile (LDL, VLDL, TG, cholesterol) with reduced HDL as compared to healthy individuals.
Keywords: Nonalcoholic fatty liver, liver function enzymes, lipid profile.
Application of the Flipped Classroom in College English Translation Courses
Authors: Zhu Xiaohong
Published: December 2024

As the information age progresses, online learning platforms have emerged, enabling students to access higher-quality learning resources. The integration of information technology and traditional classrooms is something that teachers need to explore to develop teaching methods that are modern and creative in the new era. The advent of the flipped classroom not only challenges and enhances teachers’ teaching abilities but also represents a significant transformation that helps students shift from passive learning to self-directed learning and overcomes the drawbacks of the traditional lecture-based approach. In light of the negative phenomena in current traditional lectures, such as low motivation, poor classroom participation, and inadequate knowledge acquisition, this paper uses the translation class for English majors as an example to conduct a comprehensive investigation into the potential impacts of the flipped classroom and how to apply the flipped classroom model to the translation class.