bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the influence of distance learning programs on the formation of a healthy lifestyle of employees
Authors: Rybakov I. A.
Published: March 2020

In this article authors gave information about effectiveness online workplace wellness program for BMI reduction (1,51 point per month), raise awareness (more than 9%), change eating habit (raise level of pectin consumptions) and motivation on healthy habits.
Experience with the center of occupational pathology of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Authors: Semenikhin V. A. , Chasovskikh E. V. , Khil E. G.
Published: March 2020

The arrangement of work with the industrial pathology center of the Ministry of Health of the RF allowed to decrease the legal claims’ quantity and the adverse attitudes of the workers. We conceive that the carrying out of the extramural inspection of the disease’ connection with professional activity must be included into the expert board of the district industrial pathology specialists.
Teaching activity of Lev Kipriyanovich Khotzyanov
Authors: Sergeev V. N. , Artemeva M. A.
Published: March 2020

One of the activities of Academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences Lev Kipriyanovich Khotsyanov was teaching to young professionals the basics and versatile developments in the science of worker's health preserving - aspects of occupational health, popularizing research on integrated occupational hygiene and medicine.
Psychophysiological effects in pilots from the effects of round-the-world ocean flight
Authors: Serikov V. V. , At’Kov O. Yu. , Rubtsov M. Y.
Published: March 2020

The survey of the main psychophysiological parameters of pilots before and after the round-the-world oceanic flight around the North pole over the Arctic ocean showed the development of fatigue and General psycho-emotional stress, which indicates some decrease in adaptability, but is not critical to limit the performance of professional duties after rest.
Morbidity with temporary disability as an integral part of the national profile on workers’ health
Authors: Sirotko M. L. , Suslin S. A. , Tarasova T. N.
Published: March 2020

The main morbidity indicators with temporary disability of the population of the Samara region for 2018 are considered. The data of the official Statistical form No. 16-VN are used. Differences for urban and rural population are identified, Differences for the urban and rural populations are identified, leading causes in the morbidity structure are highlighted
Influence of educational process on the health of teachers of the medical university
Authors: Smagulov N. K. , Evnevich A. M. , Adilbekova A. A.
Published: March 2020

An assessment of the resistance of an organism to university teachers in terms of incidence rates with temporary disability, based on disability records, cannot be a reliable criterion. Using sociological methods of a questionnaire survey allows you to get reliable information about the true incidence rates, identify the causes of their growth.
Analysis of the structure of diseases of bodies of blood circulation and respiration at the plant for recycling of lead
Authors: Sorkina N. S. , Rumyantseva O. I. , Nikolaychuk A. V.
Published: March 2020

The work assessed the impact of lead as a trigger to develop cardiovascular and respiratory pathology. Total examinations of 130 workers of the plant for processing lead batteries were carried out. Chronic obstructive lung disease and arterial hypertension have been found to be the major abnormal states. The results of the clinical examination of the workers indicate the importance of the combined effects of lead as an important risk factor for diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
Biological response of the organism to the introduction of metal nanocomposites
Authors: Sosedova L. M. , Rukavishnikov V. S. , Titov E. A.
Published: March 2020

The results of a study on rats toxicity of nanoparticles of metals bismuth, gadolinium and silver encapsulated in a natural biopolymer matrix arabinogalactan are presented. When intake of nanocomposite of silver revealed the readiness of the brain cell to apoptosis. The effect of bismuth and gadolinium nanocomposites did not cause an increase in the process of programmed cell death.
The structure of leukemia in the personnel employed at the production Association “Mayak” in 1948-1958
Authors: Sosnina S. F. , Sokolnikov M. E. , Okatenko P. V.
Published: March 2020

The spectrum of leucosis among the workers of the first production facility of Russian atomic industry employed in the period of production development - 1948-1958 is presented. The characteristic of the latent period of malignant neoplasms of hematopoietic tissue and individual accumulated doses of external gamma irradiation of personnel with established outcomes in the form of leukemia is given.
Morbidity with temporary disability among workers of locomotive brigades: features and risks
Authors: Titov A. A.
Published: March 2020

We studied the dynamics of morbidity with temporary disability of workers of locomotive brigades. Established higher rates of morbidity with temporary disability in workers locomotive crews, in comparison with other workers of the Perm region of service of the Sverdlovsk railway, as well as their growth. The professional conditionality of the main classes of diseases at workers of locomotive crews is defined.
Serum of 8-OHdG as a potential biomarker of oxidative DNA damage in workers exposed to harmful working environments
Authors: Umnyagina I. A. , Strakhova L. A. , Blinova T. V.
Published: March 2020

In the blood serum of 70% individuals exposed to harmful factors of the working environment, a high level of oxidative stress and the DNA damage marker 8-Hydroxy-2’-Deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were detected.
Criterion characteristics of professional risk of the formation of pathology of the upper respiratory tracts
Authors: Fedina I. N. , Grishin O. N. , Uchurov A. G.
Published: March 2020

The influence of dust influence on the change of the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract was determined. The criteria of occupational risk of pathology of the upper respiratory tract in workers of «dust-hazardous» industries are established.
Clinical features of occupational chronic obstructive bronchitis
Authors: Fedotov V. D. , Milutina M. J.
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study was to analyze the trends of spirometry changes in occupational chronic bronchitis patients during the period of 10 years. It was found out that in 34,1% of 158 patients had transformed into chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, regardless of the history of smoking.
Development of innovative hygienic technologies for preservation of the workers’ reproductive health
Authors: Fesenko M. A. , Golovaneva G. V. , Miskevich A. V.
Published: March 2020

The new model «Prognosis of men’ reproductive function disorders» was developed. The machine learning algorithms (artificial intelligence) was used for this purpose, the model has high prognosis accuracy. The aim of the model applying is prioritize diagnostic and preventive measures to minimize reproductive system diseases complications and preserve workers’ health and efficiency.
Comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of the device «Audioton» in persons with professional hearing impairment
Authors: Kharitonova O. I.
Published: March 2020

The effectiveness of the use of the physiotherapeutic otorhinolaryngological complex «Audioton» in patients with professional neurosensory hearing loss was evaluated. Revealed a positive effect on clinical and audiological indicators, most pronounced in mild forms of hearing impairment
Pathology of the upper gastrointestinal tract when exposed to non-ferrous metal aerosols
Authors: Sheenkova M. V.
Published: March 2020

A survey of 65 workers of PJSC «MMC Norilsk Nickel» was conducted to assess the lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract and to identify features of subjective symptoms when exposed to industrial aerosols of different composition.
Possibilities of modern bronchoscopy in the treatment of occupational asthma
Authors: Shteiner M. L. , Lavrentieva N. E. , Zhestkov A. V.
Published: March 2020

The occupational asthma may have severe forms and may cause loss of labour capacity that necessitates the searching for new early detection methods and searching for bronchial patency obstruction therapy capabilities.
Professionally caused pathology of teachers in the Perm Region
Authors: Shumatova N. V.
Published: March 2020

The aim of the investigation is to research the morbidity in Perm region’s teachers. High morbidity’s levels of laryngitis and pharyngitis were found. Cardiovascular diseases and sleeping disorders are very common too. Thus it is necessary to use precautionary measures in this category of workers
Evaluation of the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatment and rehabilitation of workers of locomotive crews
Authors: Yui N. D. , Malyutina N. N. , Luzina S. V.
Published: March 2020

A prospective comparative study of the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatment and rehabilitation of locomotive crews workers was carried out. The results of treatment were evaluated by the temporary disability of workers. As a result of regular rehabilitation treatment of locomotives’ drivers, the frequency of diseases with a temporary loss of work ability decreases by 2.7 times.
Criteria for estimation of labor by degree
Authors: Yushkova O. I. , Bukhtiyarov I. V.
Published: March 2020

The article discusses the results of the production of physiological and hygienic studies and analysis of retrospective data for the scientific substantiation of individual physiological indicators in assessing and controlling the level of the functional state and class of working conditions
Methodological foundations of psychological reliability and professional suitability to work in dangerous conditions
Authors: Yushkova O. I. , Zhbankova O. V. , Gusev V. B.
Published: March 2020

The article discusses the experimental data obtained during the professional selection of persons in hazardous occupations. The high efficiency of sharing of eytracking and polygraph has been established. To determine the socio-psychological reliability, a computer program of evoked brain potentials can be used upon presentation of drug-related slides.
The safe use of pesticides among migrant workers in Tha Sao sub-district, Sai Yok district, Kanchanaburi province
Authors: Chaocharoen W. . , Khongnil P. . , Arphorn S. .
Published: March 2020

This research aimed to determine safety behaviors of migrant agricultural workers of Mon ethnic in pesticide use in Kanchanaburi province. This research was a cross-sectional study with a sample group of 30 Mon migrant workers by using a questionnaire. The research result found out that the majority of the migrant farmers have good level of safety behaviors but they showed low level of knowledge in pesticides use. This study recommended that the related authorities should disseminate information and provide training program regarding safe use of pesticides for farmers and pesticide retailers by using comprehensible publishing media with illustration and local language, while the improvement of living and working conditions.
Silica and lung cancer: it can be controlled
Authors: Kromhout H. .
Published: March 2020

In 1997 IARC ruled that there was sufficient evidence for inhaled crystalline silica in the form of quartz or cristobalite from occupational sources to be a proven human carcinogen This verdict was reaffirmed in 2009 by the established mechanistic event of impaired particle clearance leading to macrophage activation and persistent inflammation. Several initiatives, most notably the Industrial Minerals Association Europe’s Dust Monitoring Programme and the European Network for Silica initiative in which 15 industry sector organisations and their counterpart trade union federations collaboratively try to control exposure to respirable crystalline silica and provide adequate health care to its workers, has been initiated since the early 2000’s. There is evidence that collaboration between industry, occupational health services and academia has resulted in lower exposures of the workforce and it has shown that in economic hard times it is hard to keep the momentum of ever improving control and lower (lung cancer) risks.
Karier Siswa: Kajian Berdasarkan Program Studi Keahlian di SMK
Authors: Tania Isna , Daharnis Daharnis , Sano Afrizal
Published: March 2020

Di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan ada siswa yang belum mencapai  perkembangan karier yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi siswa tentang program studi keahlian yang ditempati dan perencanaan karier siswa serta menguji hubungan antara persepsi siswa tentang program studi keahlian yang ditempati dengan perencanaan karier. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasional, dengan sampel 260 siswa yang dipilih dengan teknik Proportional Random Sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah skala model likert. Analisis deskriptif dilakukan dengan menentukan nilai skor dan persentase. Pengujian hipotesis penelitian menggunakan rumus korelasi Pearson Product Moment. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan: (1) persepsi siswa tentang program studi keahlian yang ditempati berada pada kategori positif, (2) perencanaan karier siswa berada pada kategori baik, (3) terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara persepsi siswa tentang program studi keahlian yang ditempati dengan perencanaan karier, dengan koefisien korelasi 0,801 pada taraf signifikansi 0,000. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya peningkatan perencanaan karier siswa yang dapat dilakukan antara lain dengan mengubah persepsi siswa tentang program studi keahlian yang ditempatinya.
Personal resources and turnover intention among private sector employees: Does work engagement still matter?
Authors: Hardaningtyas Ratna Tri
Published: March 2020

Work engagement has emerged as a core element of talent management to acquire and retain high-performing employees in the labor market and a potential bright spot for business success. Due to the aforementioned positive influences and benefits of improving employees' work engagement, many organizations put more effort towards enhancing and maintaining levels of work engagement as their top priority for an effective human resource system. This study aimed to investigate the mediating effects of employees' work engagement in the relationships between their personal resources (self-efficacy, organizationalbased self-esteem, and optimism) and turnover intention. A total of 119 survey responses collected by convenience sampling and analyzed by using structural equation modeling (SEM). This study concluded that there is a positive relationship between self-efficacy, organizationalbased self-esteem, optimism, and work engagement. The mediation role of work engagement in the relationship between self-efficacy, organizational-based self-esteem, optimism, and turnover intention proves significantly in this study. Interestingly, this study found that there is a positive relationship of self-efficacy on turnover intention which means that the higher level of self-efficacy does not indicate the lower turnover intention. Employees with a high level of self-efficacy believe that they are giving too much to their organization Therefore, they eventually negotiated more for higher salaries while at the same time seeing more alternative jobs/organizations offers in case they are not appreciated enough for what they do for organizations.
Problem based project on university teaching of atom spectrometric methods
Authors: Niemelä Matti , Perämäki Paavo
Published: March 2020

Practical laboratory work is an essential part of the teaching of analytical chemistry. During the assignments, the routine of laboratory work is taught, theory from the lectures is given a concrete form, and the basic skills of using laboratory equipment are acquired. During laboratory work, it is also possible to develop student interaction and problem solving skills.

In this research, it was studied how a project work following the principles of problem based learning can be implemented during a tight-scheduled lecture course on atom spectrometric methods. The research pays particular attention on the evaluation of work burden and choosing of the project topics. In addition, the research examines the effects of project work on motivation and learning in students. According to this research, the chosen project topics and project as a working method are suitable to be implemented with a lecture course. The students found the project work to be burdensome but had positive attitudes towards the working method as a whole.
Introduction to molecular gastronomy and to its applications in science education
Authors: Vartiainen Jenni , Aksela Maija , Hopia Anu
Published: March 2020

This article looks at the history of molecular gastronomy, how it is defined and used in teaching natural sciences. The article also discusses the cooperative molecular gastronomy education research and development project started in 2011, as well as an affiliated continuing training project for teachers. The project involves developing new research-based and meaningful approaches to teaching sciences, especially chemistry and home economics, in cooperation with teachers.
Rose water distillation
Authors: Helenius Milja , Aksela Maija , Hopia Anu , Fooladi Erik
Published: March 2020

Steam distillation has been used for over two thousand years to isolate the scent of flowers. Rose water is nowadays a rather uncommon ingredient in European cuisine but it is common in, for example, Arabic recipes. The quality of flower distilled waters has improved due to advances in distillation techniques, allowing for better salvaging of flavourings. The aim of this work is to use two different kinds of distillation equipment, modern laboratory distillation equipment and homemade kitchen equipment, and to compare the scents of distilled rose waters. The work is suitable for teaching chemistry in upper secondary school and, if simplified slightly, in secondary school as well.
Important Social and Academic Interactions in Supporting Gifted Youth in Non-Formal Education
Authors: Tolppanen Sakari , Aksela Maija
Published: March 2020

This case study investigated how 16–19-year-old international gifted youth felt that a non-formal educational program in math, science and technology, called the Millennium Youth Camp, supported them and what kind of long-term impact did it have on their lives. In the first part of the research, 88 international students answered an open-ended questionnaire about their opinions on the non-formal program. According to content analysis, the two most important aspects of the non-formal educational program were (i) social interaction between each other and the experts and (ii) academic activity and support. The second part of the research was conducted a year after the camp by an online survey, in which the attendees wrote an essay on how the experience had affected their lives. The content analysis of the essays indicated that the experience had a long-term impact on how the students saw themselves and their future. Based on the findings, it is outlined what principles should be implemented into non-formal learning in order to support the gifted.
Sustainable development in chemistry education: Few perspectives and practical ideas to support teaching
Authors: Juntunen Marianne , Aksela Maija
Published: March 2020

This article presents a 10-point checklist of activities for sustainable development education, and its implementation in chemistry education. The article discusses related research knowledge from the viewpoints of teachers and students. In addition, the article presents and discusses the implementation of society-based chemistry education, suitable teaching methods and student evaluation in practice. As one example, the article investigates teaching about life cycle of a product.
Opetin.fi is a good addition to teacher’s toolbox
Authors: Kuivalainen Mikko
Published: March 2020

Opetin.fi provides teachers with a good tool to develop their teaching, collaborate with other teachers, and update their competence. The Opetin community also includes teaching materials that can be readily used in daily work.
Science theatre in teaching and popularizing the history of chemistry: The case of a theatrical play on Nobel-laureate A.I. Virtanen
Authors: Jansson Jan , Aksela Maija
Published: March 2020

The article discusses the significance of science theatre and the role of nature of science in it, as well as the significance of history of chemistry, and different methods for popularizing it and using it in teaching. The study includes two surveys (N=45 and N=126) conducted among the audiences of “Virtanen!” play, performed in 2011. The data was analyzed using content analysis. Based on the results, the history of science was mainly portrayed through the life of the protagonist of the play, and the play showed the human side of science to the audience. In addition, from the viewpoint of nature of science, the play emphasized the role of social interaction in science as well as the interaction between science and the society. According to the audiences, national expertise in chemistry should be emphasized more in order to increase interest towards the subject and also to promote national self-esteem. It was suggested that history of chemistry should be presented through different methods, such as science theater, school teaching, exhibitions, and documentary films, in future. Also, it was hoped that history would be included in chemistry teaching together with other chemistry contents, through historical portraits of scientists, in collaboration with other school subjects or as a separate lesson on history of science. Science theatre was found to be a good method to teach history of chemistry and nature of science, and to popularize chemistry.
Effectiveness of a Lesson on Multimodal Writing in Science Education
Authors: Tolppanen Sakari , Rantaniitty Toni , McDermott Mark , Aksela Maija , Hand Brian
Published: March 2020

This study investigates how a multimodal writing lesson was received by 13 to 14-year-olds in a science class. The research addresses the following research questions (i) how does a lesson on multimodal writing effect students’ text production and use of alternative modes of representation in a science writing task, (ii) is there a gender difference in the use of multimodal writing, and (iii) how do different lesson structures affect students’ ability to use multimodal writing. The principles of effective writing-to-learn lesson were implemented and the written products of 98 science students from three different schools were analyzed. Out of these students, 54 were given a lesson on multimodal writing and 44 were in a control group. Content analysis of the data showed that a single lesson on multimodal writing did not affect students’ text production, but students in the test group used more alternative modes than students in the control group. However, this difference in quantity did not affect the quality of the end products. However, a significant difference in the use of multimodal writing was seen between genders, females outperforming males. Furthermore, some differences in lesson structures were noted, but evidence on their effect on learning is not evident. In conclusion, the findings suggest that a single lesson on multimodal writing is not enough for students to understand how to implement multimodal writing, but that good general writing skills benefit students in transferring from traditional writing to multimodal writing.
Modeling Active Engagement Pedagogy through Classroom Response Systems in a Physics Teacher Education Course
Authors: Milner-Bolotin Marina , Fisher Heather , MacDonald Alexandra
Published: March 2020

One of the most commonly explored technologies in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education is Classroom Response Systems (clickers). Clickers help instructors generate in-class discussion by soliciting student responses to multiple-choice conceptual questions and sharing the distribution of these responses with the class. The potential benefits of clicker-enhanced pedagogy include: increased student engagement, reduced anxiety, continuous formative assessment, and enhanced conceptual understanding. Most studies, however, investigate the effects of clicker-enhanced instruction in large undergraduate STEM courses. The impact of this pedagogy on learning in small secondary or post-secondary classrooms is still relatively unexplored. The context of this study is a secondary physics methods course in a Teacher Education Program at a large Canadian university. One of the course assignments required future teachers to develop multiple-choice conceptual questions relevant to the secondary physics curriculum. This study investigates the impact of modeling clicker-enhanced active engagement pedagogy on future teachers’ Content Knowledge, Pedagogical Knowledge, and Pedagogical Content Knowledge, as revealed by this assignment. The results of the study indicate that: (1) modeling clicker-enhanced pedagogy in a physics methods course increases future teachers’ interest in active learning; (2) clicker-enhanced pedagogy is a powerful vehicle for developing Pedagogical Content Knowledge of future physics teachers; (3) clicker-enhanced pedagogy is a useful tool for teacher educators for identifying and addressing the gaps in the Content Knowledge of future teachers. This study sheds light on developing future teachers’ capacities to design and implement instruction that is driven by conceptual questions in the presence or absence of technology and the impact of this process on their Pedagogical Content Knowledge and attitudes about conceptual STEM learning.
Math Tree grew from discussion to in-service training
Authors: Hautala Terhi
Published: March 2020

In Matikkapuu (Math Tree) training, the participants ponder the construction of primary mathematics education and analyze the contents of the National Core Curricula for Basic Education. Other discussed matters include the relation between textbooks and curricula, usage of mind and concept maps in teaching as well as different ways of motivating pupils into studying mathematics.
Industry Collaboration in the Development of Relevant Inquiry Tasks for Chemistry Education
Authors: Matti Ikävalko Veli- , Aksela Maija
Published: March 2020

This is an introduction to a educational design research study, with a goal of creating contextual and meaningful inquiry tasks for chemistry education. The problem analysis included the evaluation of the inquiry tasks described in the textbooks as well as the relevance of a university run chemistry learning environment ChemistryLab Gadolin. The inquiry tasks were designed at the Unit of Chemistry Teacher Education together with industry partners of the aforementioned teaching laboratory environment. The tasks are being further developed based on the relevancy theories.
On Assessing Laboratory Work
Authors: Ahtineva Aija
Published: March 2020

As an integral part of scientific way of thinking, practical laboratory tasks are a pivotal part of chemistry education. element of chemistry education. The first section begins with a discussion of how to assess laboratory work according to the current frame curricula for comprehensive and upper secondary schools. The second section discusses laboratory work as a learning method. Several studies have shown, that laboratory work is used mostly to liven up the lessons and to arouse interest rather that to teach something in a goal oriented way. The systematic study on what students learn from laboratory tasks has begun as recently as the 2000s. This paper focuses on the results of two separate studies. In interconnected papers, Abrahams and Millar (2008) as well as Abrahams and Reiss (2012) analyze learning in laboratory tasks using a 2 x 2 effectiveness matrix for practical work. Lewthwaite (2014) discusses the teachers’ choice of laboratory tasks. Both studies highlight the influence of evaluation practices on learning. At the end section, the paper presents some tasks and evaluation models suited for comprehensive and upper secondary school chemistry education. These tasks are based on the levels of learning and taxonomy of leaning presented by Doran and colleagues (2002).
Too Spicy? Spices as a Context for Comprehensive School Chemistry Education
Authors: Rantaniitty Toni , Aksela Maija
Published: March 2020

Many institutions of higher education are strugling with student lack of interest to continue their studies in natural sciences. The interest also seems to be diveded between girls/biology and boys/physics. Students consider research in natural sciences as important, but do not consider science as interesting. The lack of contexts for discussing the concepts of science makes them abstract, hard to understand and boring. Spices are one theme, that can be utilized in more contextual science education to provide links to everyday life of the students and increase their interest in science. In a questionnaire regarding the use of web-material on chemistry of spices, teachers and students hoped that the pages would be easy to navigate and include wide variety of examples about spices and chemistry.
Chemistry: A Part of a Good Life
Authors: Siltanen Anni
Published: March 2020

Chemistry: A Part of a Good Life
Cake Recipe and Card Game: Learning Limiting Reagent
Authors: Töyrylä Triina
Published: March 2020

Cake Recipe and Card Game: Learning Limiting Reagent
From the editors
Authors: Vesterinen Veli-Matti , Juuti Kalle
Published: March 2020

From the editors
Occupational orientation in chemistry-based learning environments
Authors: Albertus Michael , Bolte Claus
Published: March 2020

The research presented in this paper describes the German project “Career and Science Navigator (CSN)”. This project ties in with previous studies, which indicate that it is necessary to include occupational orientation more strongly into science education. For this purpose, the CSN project developed some specific learning materials and learning environments. These learning environments were implemented into practice and then evaluated with the help of a questionnaire based on a career choice model, which has proven useful in earlier research. The CSN intervention was able to bridge the gap between chemistry education and the area of occupational orientation. It thus contributes to supporting young people in finding a meaningful perspective for their lives. Additionally the CSN conception offers a way to make science lessons more attractive to young people by directly referring to the students’ everyday and future life.
Danish geography teachers' perceptions of their own teaching professionalism according to climate change
Authors: Witzel Clausen Søren
Published: March 2020

This paper reports from research examining eight Geography teachers’ own perceptions of their teaching professionalism, understood as Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), in relation to the topic of climate change. Apparently, Geography teachers with a strong academic profile in Physical Geography and natural science are more familiar to teach the sub-subject of weather formation in connection to climatic change, than Geography teachers with a strong academic profile in Human Geography and social science. The teachers orientated against Human Geography put emphasis on the more problem-oriented/discursive aspects of teaching climate change, some of them neglecting parts of the curriculum focused on weather formation. Most of the interviewed Geography teachers emphasize the collegial cooperation with science colleagues e.g. during professional development activities, when reflecting on their own teaching professionalism.
From the editors
Authors: Lundell Jan , Aksela Maija , Tolppanen Sakari
Published: March 2020

From the editors
Promoting inquiry-based teaching of chemistry
Authors: Szalay Luca
Published: March 2020

Analysis of student performance in different areas of science in the 2006 PISA showed that Hungarian students demonstrated relative weaknesses in identifying scientific issues, knowledge about science and using scientific evidence. Since then Hungarian students’ mean performance on the combined science scale dropped below the average, causing concern amongst experts and decision-makers. Problems of teaching and learning science in Hungary have produced symptoms that have been widely discussed in the literature. Our 2008 investigation showed that science teachers were working under severe constraints in terms of time, lab assistance, external support and funding. Since then several changes have happened in the conditions of teaching. However, science teachers’ time remains precious and, together with the fact that the literature is often in English, this means that much education research goes unread. A possible answer to the demand of widening the students’ scientific skills might be sets of freely available teaching resources based on inquiry-based learning. One teacher trainee’s thesis described her experiences of a small scale pilot of an inquiry activity and summarised the advantages and disadvantages. One hundred and eighteen participants at five in-service chemistry courses were asked to convert ‘step-by-step’ practical instructions for students into activities, parts of which require groups of students to plan and discuss their work. Alternatively, participants could use a template to write novel activities. Seventy percent of materials produced by the teachers met the main criterion of an inquiry-based activity, but only some met all the criteria. These were edited and published on a website in Hungarian. They are free to try, criticise, modify and develop. The project described here provides a basis for devising and creating an online inquiry-based chemistry resource.
Teaching large undergraduate chemistry classes: A challenge or an opportunity
Authors: Flaherty Aishling , O’Dwyer Anne , Leahy JJ , Richardson Oliver
Published: March 2020

Teaching introductory modules and classes of undergraduate programmes can present a number of subjective and objective challenges. Objective challenges include a high degree of variation in students’ prior learning experiences combined with a high student-teacher ratio. Subjective challenges include the transitional changes which first year students undergo that include cognitive, affective and physiological changes as they make the leap from the often small and secluded secondary-level environment to the all-consuming tertiary-level environment. For introductory chemistry modules, such as General Chemistry, the pertinence of these challenges can have negative repercussions on students’ acquirement of basic chemical concepts in first year which could inherently go on to hinder their successful progression through their third-level education. In an effort to tackle the challenges posed against effective learning in General Chemistry modules, this exploratory research study set out to understand how the potential incorporation of a new approach to teaching and learning would be received by the three main cohorts involved. The attitudes and recommendations of undergraduate students, post-graduate students who have a role as laboratory demonstrators and module leaders towards the potential incorporation of Student-Inquiry activities and laboratories into General Chemistry were investigated. All three cohorts welcomed the incorporation of Student-Inquiry as part of the approach to teaching and learning. While the researchers and module leaders had an initial awareness of the challenges that come with teaching General Chemistry, little was known of the potential significance of the opportunity which lay amongst these challenges.
First and second thoughts about teaching secondary chemistry
Authors: Tsaparlis Georgios
Published: March 2020

This paper selectively reviews both early and more recent work by the author on the teaching of chemistry at secondary level. The purpose is twofold: (i) to review the proposals, their features, and the research behind them, (ii) to emphasize the strength over time of the work presented, but also the need for constant revision. The reviewed topics for lower secondary education (7th-9th grades) include: a revised curriculum (1984); a study of Greek students’ contextual chemistry knowledge (1987); an updated proposal about the curriculum (2001); an integrated physics and chemistry program for the 7th grade (2000), that has been further developed recently (2011) to include biology; two research studies on teaching methodology (2000)’; a chemistry course for the 8th grade (2010); revision of the current formal Greek chemistry curriculum (2014). The reviewed topics for upper secondary education (10th-12th grades) include: three early (1981, 1985a, 1985b) studies on Greek students’ strengths and difficulties with chemistry; a context-based chemistry curriculum (1988, 1991); proposals for new chemistry curricula (2000, 2011, 2014) for the 10th and 11th grades. Coupling to the PARSEL modules is also made. The paper concludes by making reference and connection to the work of Hans Jürgen Schmidt.
The complexity of learning and understanding in chemical education: Analysis and intervention using detailed learning pathways
Authors: Toczkowski Thomas , Ralle Bernd
Published: March 2020

Using detailed learning pathways to map out students’ construction of knowledge in the topic of stoichiometric relations and chemical formulae; we try to find a new structure to teach enduring ‘stumbling stones’ on every single student’s way to a proper chemical understanding. This paper gives insights into the method of process-focused analysis and the associated design experiment. Furthermore, it presents an individual students’ strategy to calculate stoichiometric relations that could be used as initial help for slower learners.
Implementing innovations in chemistry learning and sustainability education in a non-formal student laboratory context
Authors: Garner Nicole , Siol Antje , Huwer Johannes , Rolf Hempelmann Rolf Hellman , Eilks Ingo
Published: March 2020

Informal and non-formal science education became major trends in many countries in recent years. Non-formal learning was suggested to help closing gaps in science education, e.g. by providing students an alternative environment to experience practical work. Non-formal education was also suggested to offer a chance for curriculum innovations and teacher continuous professional development. One potential field might be Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). Several perspective papers in recent years described that secondary chemistry education is still lacking in implementing education for sustainability and learning about green chemistry. This article describes the project “Sustainability and chemistry in non-formal student laboratories” that was initiated to develop non-formal learning environments to help implementation of ESD and learning about green chemistry. This article presents the goals and structure of the project, including an example taken from practical experience and selected findings from implementing the proposed non-formal learning environments in secondary chemistry classrooms. Impacts on teachers’ professional development and curriculum innovation are also addressed.

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Gymnasiets genetik – Svårt eller bara ett didaktiskt problem?
Authors: Palmberg Irmeli , Björk Johanna , Kronlund Kristoffer , Lindén Mecki , Sandkvist Marina , Sandström Sara
Published: March 2020

According to previous research, pupils and students regard genetics as a very difficult subject. They find it abstract, and the use of many concepts at several different levels in the same textbook makes it difficult for them to understand. Teaching methods and ways of working have been criticised as part of the problem. The aim of this study is to summarise previous research on pupils’ knowledge of genetics and on teaching methods in genetics, to analyse curricula and textbooks in school genetics, and to test a group of Finland-Swedish secondary-school students’ understanding of the basic concepts and processes in genetics, and their opinion about genetics. The test of concepts was carried out as a multiple-choice test, completed by an open question concerning the best way(s) to learn genetics as judged by the students. The results indicated that the majority of students did not regard either genetics or the textbook as difficult; yet they lacked their own unquestionable knowledge about basic concepts and processes. There was no correlation between the test results and the way(s) the students experienced genetics, neither between the test results and the way(s) in which the students felt that they learned genetics best. More than half of the students emphasised the role of the teacher, i.e. lecturing, as the best way to learn genetics. The need and alternative ways to develop the teaching of genetics are discussed.
Course preparation assignments: A tool to enhance independent learning, increase student participation, and performance in chemistry courses
Authors: Ronkainen Niina
Published: March 2020

Studies have shown that the more ownership students take of their academic work, the greater the level of information retained, knowledge acquired, and general cognitive development. Many teaching techniques that span across sciences, and go beyond standard techniques such as: merely lecturing at students or following written procedures for “cook book-style” laboratory experiments, have surfaced in the last decade. One such method, known as Course Preparation Assignments (CPAs), requires students to read and analyze course material prior to attending class. This approach gives students their first exposure to new content outside of the classroom, while also engaging them in responding to a series of questions that they must answer individually. This prior exposure to course material allows the students to not only complete written assignments with the incentive of earning points, but also forces them to reflect on what they are learning. Prior to adopting the CPA teaching practice, I discovered that very few of my chemistry and biochemistry students completed the reading and homework problems until a few days prior to an examination. Each class or unit that includes a CPA follows a predictable pattern which students adjust to quickly: Read – Think –Write/Draw/Calculate – Discuss the course content. The impact of incorporating CPAs into undergraduate Analytical Chemistry and Principles of Biochemistry lecture courses will be described from this instructor’s point of view. In addition, the advantages and challenges of utilizing this teaching approach at a Primarily Undergraduate Institution, within classes made up of 8-45 students, will be described. Furthermore, the development and use of CPAs for teaching various Chemistry courses, the leading and facilitating of course discussions in class, the grading of assignments, and student perceptions of the approach will be discussed. Indeed, the pedagogical approach generally promotes timely completion of assignments, helps create a more interactive classroom setting, encourages students to ask more questions, facilitates involvement in discussions all of which result in an improved ability to think and reason critically.
Mitä kuuluu opettajalle?
Authors: Mikkola Armi
Published: March 2020

Suomalainen koulutusjärjestelmä poikkeaa useimmista muista maista siinä, että opettajan ammatti on säilyttänyt yhteiskunnallisen arvostuksensa ja on hyvin suosittu kohde nuorten koulutusvalinnoissa. Ei ole kuitenkaan itsestään selvää, että tilanne pysyy yhtä suotuisana myös tulevaisuudessa. Artikkelissa käsitellään suomalaisopettajien näkemyksiä ammatistaan ja pohditaan, miten opettajan ammatin suosiota tulisi vaalia.
Uudenlainen yhteisöllinen opettajankoulutus LUMA-ekosysteemissä elinikäisen oppimisen tukena
Authors: Aksela Maija , Vihma Lauri
Published: March 2020

Kansallinen LUMA-toiminta ekosysteeminä luo uudenlaisia innovatiivisia mahdollisuuksia matematiikan ja luonnontieteiden (nk. LUMA-aineiden) opettajankoulutuksen – niin perus- kuin täydennyskoulutuksen – luovaan toteuttamiseen sekä sen kehittymiseen ja alan tutkimuksen tekemiseen formaalisen, non-formaalisen ja informaalisen tiede- ja teknologiakasvatuksen rajapinnoilla. Mallissa nykyisten ja tulevien opettajien elinikäistä oppimista pyritään tukemaan yhteisöllisesti eri yhteistyötahojen – koulujen, yliopistojen, opetushallinnon, elinkeinoelämän ja muiden sidosryhmien – kanssa Suomessa ja myös kansainvälisesti. Yhteisöllisessä toiminnassa sekä opiskelijat että toimijat oppivat toisiltaan vahvistaen samalla tärkeää dialogia erilaisten toimijoiden välillä kansallisten opetussuunnitelmien perusteiden tukena. Tavoitteellisessa toiminnassa kehitetään uudenlaisia yhteistyömalleja ja opetusinnovaatioita kansallisten opetussuunnitelman perusteiden tueksi sekä edistetään opinnäytetöin ja julkaisuin alan tieteellistä kehitystä. Artikkelissa kuvataan muutamia esimerkkejä LUMA-ekosysteemin toiminnasta opettajien perus- ja täydennyskoulutuksessa. Lisäksi tuodaan esille tiede- ja teknologialuokkien merkitys LUMA-toiminnan sydämessä innostavina opettajien ja opiskelijoiden oppimisympäristöinä sekä alan opetuksen kehittämis- ja tutkimuskeskuksina. Esimerkkinä yhteisöllisestä toimintamallista on tutkimuspohjainen LUMA SUOMI -kehittämisohjelma 35 kehittämishankkeineen ja kansallinen LUMA-aineiden opettajankoulutusfoorumi.
Tampereen matemaattisten aineiden aineenopettajakoulutus
Authors: Liisa Eriksson Sirkka- , Haukkanen Pentti , I. Hukka Terttu , Lemmetyinen Helge
Published: March 2020

We present how the education of subject teachers is organized in mathematics, science and computer science in Tampere. It is based on the idea that both engineering students and students from mathematics and science may choose to become a subject teacher. Students are accepted either to the master’s degree program in Science and Engineering of Tampere University of Technology or the master’s program of Mathematics and Statistics of University of Tampere. Students from different universities are giving opportunities to learn from each other. They study physics and chemistry in Tampere University of Technology and do pedagogical studies in University of Tampere. Both universities have also developed special motivating courses based on the didactical research to their students. In mathematics, there is a joined course for the second or third year students motivating towards teaching carrier. In both universities there are possibilities to do the master or bachelor thesis in didactics of mathematics or science. Both universities have an important role in education of subject teachers in Finland. Tampere University of Technology is providing opportunities during studies to cooperate between schools and industry. It gives ideas how science and mathematics are applied in the modern society. University of Tampere also trains primary school teachers with specialization in mathematics.