bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Burial ground Kariv-I in the Context of the Ethnic and Cultural Situation of the Last Quarter of the 2nd Century AD in the Area of Western Buh and Upper Dnister Regions
Authors:   Dr. hab., Associate Professor of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Onyshchuk Yaroslav
Published: October 2022

The article characterizes the ethnocultural situation in the basins of the Western Buh and the Upper Dnister Rivers of the last quarter of the II century AD. It is based on cultural situation associated with the consistent residence in these areas of the population of Przeworsk and Wielbark cultures, as well as the appearance of new polyethnic group such as Kariv in the last quarter of the second century AD. The “Kariv group” is currently represented by a cremation burial ground on the site Kariv-I in the Chervonohrad district of Lviv Oblast, and by single burials sites in Rechychany and Slovita near Lviv in Western Ukraine and by a number of accidental single finds. The community of the “Kariv group” can be characterized as a mix of Przeworsk, Suebian, Western Baltic and possibly Venedian cultural elements. It can be clearly seen both in the nature of how the graves were constructed and in the ritual actions connected with the burial itsel. The existing dating material (fibulae, spurs, drinking horn tips, amphorae, glass and bronze vessels, etc.), most of which comes from the closed complexes of the Kariv site, allows us to determine the chronology of the Kariv group to the second half of the second century CE, or phase B2/C1. Its appearance can be related to the events of the Marcomannic Wars in the Middle Danube region. The wars were attended by various ethnic groups from the territory of the European Barbaricum, including the northern tribes of the Lombards, Chauci and others. As a result of the difficult political and economic conditions, after they were defeated in the war, some members of the barbaric coalition could have left the area near the Danube limes and move to the north to the territory of more peaceful regions of the European Barbaricum. The disappearance or assimilation of the “Kariv group” population chronologically matches the arrival of the Wielbark culture in the Western Buh and Podollian areas.
Calcific enthesopathy of the superior extensor retinaculum – an unusual cause of medial ankle pain
Authors:   Department of Radiology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom, Shah Ali , Iyengar Karthikeyan P. ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust, Southport, United Kingdom, Hegde Ganesh ,   Department of Radiology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom, Ramos James ,   Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospitals of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, Botchu Rajesh ,   Department of Radiology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
Published: October 2022

Aim of the study: Ankle pain can present a clinical dilemma to the foot and ankle surgeons, with a multitude of entities to which the symptoms could potentially be attributed. Enthesopathy around the ankle joint could be due to overuse, injury, inflammation or infection. Calcific ligamentous enthesopathy around the ankle is a well-recognised condition with a spectrum of causes. Case description: To our knowledge, a clinically symptomatic presentation of calcific enthesopathy specifically affecting the entheses of the superior extensor retinaculum has not been described in the literature. We report the first case of symptomatic calcific enthesopathy of the superior extensor retinaculum in a healthy young female, and highlight the role of radiological interventions in its diagnosis. The condition was managed successfully by ultrasound-guided barbotage. Conclusions: Calcific enthesopathy of the attachment of the superior extensor retinaculum is a rare condition that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with medial ankle pain.
Common carotid artery hematoma following parathyroid adenoma FNA
Authors:   School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, Tsakountakis Antonios , Detoraki Anna ,   School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus, Karatzanis Alexandros ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, Ioannou Christos V. ,   Cardiac & Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Heraklion, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, Drakonaki Eleni E. ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Published: October 2022

We present a rare case of a common carotid artery wall hematoma after ultrasound-guided parathyroid fine-needle aspiration. The hematoma was detected within seconds from needle insertion, extending along the common carotid artery wall from the lower neck to the common carotid artery bifurcation, and it was quickly restricted with firm pressure. The patient only reported mild discomfort. A follow-up assessment by a vascular surgeon two hours later showed no signs of ischemic events and complete absorption of the hematoma without further clinical consequences. Physicians performing parathyroid fine-needle aspiration must be aware of this rare complication, which may be easily overlooked. Continuous meticulous sonographic surveillance during the fine needle aspiration procedure is the only way to directly diagnose this complication and apply immediate pressure to restrict it.
Üres niche-ek évadján – A pszichoszomatikus diskurzus intézményesülésének kérdései
Authors: Lázár Imre
Published: October 2022

Az üres niche fogalma a betöltetlen lehetőségekre utal a címben. Arra az üres „létfülkére”, amelyben a pszichoszomatikus ellátást igénylő betegek és az ilyen képzettségű orvosok és klinikai szakpszichológusok terápiás találkozása megtörténhetne. A pszichoszomatikus szemléletű orvosi gyakorlat számára ilyen színtereket kínálhat a munkahelyi egészségvédelem és stresszmenedzsment, vagy a fürdőegészségügy. De a krónikus betegségek ellátását segítő szakrendelői hálózatokat is ilyen betölthető „üres niche-ek” jellemzik, ahol a nagy számban képzett és egészséglélektanban jártas klinikai szakpszichológusok alkalmazása lehetővé tenné a biomedikális szemlélet pszichoszomatikus kiterjesztését diagnosztikus és terápiás tekintetben is. A jelen írás a pszichoszomatika ideológiai alakváltásai, a kapcsolódó ontológiák és antropológiai jelentéshálók vizsgálata mellett az intézményesült diskurzusok, érdekstruktúrák, hatalmi viszonyok elemzésével humán ökológiai kontextusban tesz kísérletet az akadályok és nehézségek értelmezésére.
Multi-Agent Path Finding: A New Boolean Encoding
Authors: Asín Achá Roberto , López Rodrigo , Hagedorn Sebastian , Baier Jorge A.
Published: October 2022

Multi-agent pathfinding (MAPF) is an NP-hard problem. As such, dense maps may be very hard to solve optimally. In such scenarios, compilation-based approaches, via Boolean satisfiability (SAT) and answer set programming (ASP), have been shown to outperform heuristic-search-based approaches, such as conflict-based search (CBS). In this paper, we propose a new Boolean encoding for MAPF, and show how to implement it in ASP and MaxSAT. A feature that distinguishes our encoding from existing ones is that swap and follow conflicts are encoded using binary clauses, which can be exploited by current conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) solvers. In addition, the number of clauses used to encode swap and follow conflicts do not depend on the number of agents, allowing us to scale better. For MaxSAT, we study different ways in which we may combine the MSU3 and LSU algorithms for maximum performance. In our experimental evaluation, we used square grids, ranging from 20 x 20 to 50 x 50 cells, and warehouse maps, with a varying number of agents and obstacles. We compared against representative solvers of the state-of-the-art, including the search-based algorithm CBS, the ASP-based solver ASP-MAPF, and the branch-and-cut-and-price hybrid solver, BCP. We observe that the ASP implementation of our encoding, ASP-MAPF2 outperforms other solvers in most of our experiments. The MaxSAT implementation of our encoding, MtMS shows best performance in relatively small warehouse maps when the number of agents is large, which are the instances with closer resemblance to hard puzzle-like problems.
Вечный земельный вопрос
Authors: Барсукова Светлана Юрьевна
Published: October 2022

Представленная рецензия посвящена книге «Родные земли. Очерки трансформации земельных отношений в России», написанной на материалах двухлетнего исследования в Тюменской области коллективом авторов: О. Фадеевой, Е. Быстровым, О. Збаницким, А. Шелудковым.В 1990-е годы авральная приватизация земель рассматривалась либеральными реформаторами как необходимый элемент перехода страны на рыночные рельсы. В конце 1991 года президент Б.Н. Ельцин начал быстрый раздел земель между бывшими колхозниками. Однако зарегистрировать миллионы новых участков земли оказалось технически невозможно, поэтому было принято решение выдать специальные сертификаты, свидетельствующие о владении земельными долями. Предоставление сертификатов на землю, но не самой земли, дало основания рассматривать такой сценарий как полуприватизацию. Авторы книги доказывают, что в России эта приватизация привела к множеству проблем, которые остаются нерешенными по сей день. Представляется, что необходимо завершить регистрацию земельных участков с выделением их в натуре и внесением информации о них и их границах в государственный кадастр недвижимости. Нынешняя ситуация, когда 80% сельскохозяйственных угодий не зарегистрированы в кадастре, то есть у них нет установленных границ, затрудняет их вывод на рынок. Также важно свести воедино кадастровую оценку земельных участков и их рыночную стоимость.
Linguistic Awareness or Grammatical Competence: What Dominates the Saudi Undergraduate EFL Classroom?
Authors: Almarshedi Raniyah Mohammad
Published: October 2022

Globalization leading to massive geopolitical changes around the world has made it meaningful to reconsider the state of English education in Saudi Higher Education Institutions to gain a realistic understanding of their role and contribution in preparing native Arabic speaking Saudi EFL learners to establish themselves as global citizens. This study weaves around the twin axes of linguistic awareness and grammatical competence by evaluating these factors in a random sample of student participants (N= 120) from Hail University, KSA. They are exposed to two remotely administered tests the first of which measures their grammatical skills in English. In addition, linguistic awareness is measured using participants’ acceptability judgements to four types of English syntactical constructions to gain a deeper understanding of their language awareness. Results show that just 17% of the participants could correctly answer the grammar test while 83% of them answered the test incorrectly. Further, in the acceptability judgement test, students answer the syntax with rare collocations (Yes=52.7%, No=47.3%), syntax with unusual collocation (Yes=41.3%, No=58.8%), syntax with frequent collocation (Yes=49.2%, No=50.8%), and syntax with wrong collocation (Yes=5.2%, No=94.8%).  Language being a cognitive, social, and cultural construct, a comparative analysis of the results obtained from these two kinds of data is likely to bring the spotlight on the dominant component in the Saudi university EFL classroom, and hence, help identify the precise factors that need to be boosted.
Teaching Vietnamese Writing to Foreigners With Interactive Viewpoints
Authors: Nguyen Phuong H.
Published: October 2022

Interactive communication is a key feature of the information age. Forms of communication that were thought to be one-way, such as television and book, becoming interactive along with the growth of digital, mobile devices, Internet, computers. Developed technology and updated media have created more chances for interactive communication throughout social classes, media, disciplines, cultures, places and also times. Pedagogically, writing has been increasingly perceived as inherently social and interactive. It involves more than just creating, organizing, translating ideas into texts. Basically, each act of writing is an interactive phase, ideally manifesting as intertextuality, with a particular academic establishment or discipline represented by its specific foundations, problems, and precursors. For those motivations, we have researched the application of interactive viewpoints into teaching Vietnamese writing for foreign students. Within this, we clarify the concept of interactive writing, propose techniques for teaching, criteria for assessing the interactive Vietnamese writing skills of foreign students, to apply in the teaching process and in testing and assessing activities. The results also have the prospects for developing interactive Vietnamese writing textbooks for foreigners as well as criteria for assessing the interactive Vietnamese writing competency tests.
Translating Macbeth’s Colour Metaphors Into Arabic: A Revised CMT Approach to Shakespeare’s Creative Metaphors
Authors: Omar Lamis Ismail
Published: October 2022

Shakespeare is one of the most translated and retranslated English language authors into Arabic. Ever since the rise of the modern translation movement, translating Shakespeare into Arabic has continued to receive the attention of translators and researchers in the field of translating literature. But most academic and critical research on the translation of Shakespeare into Arabic has focused on the sociocultural implications of the translation process while neglecting aspects related to Shakespeare’s language and thought. One of the multifarious challenges of translating Shakespeare into Arabic is the Bard’s use of creative metaphors which account for the richness, exquisiteness and creativity of Shakespeare’s lexical and conceptual legacy. This paper aims to research one of the restrictions of translating Shakespeare’s creative metaphors in two Arabic translations of Macbeth with specific focus on the colour metaphors of the emotion of fear. The research methods adopt the improved version of Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) in identifying, collecting and analysing the tokens in the source and target texts. The study shows that the translation of a creative metaphor into Arabic is influenced by the degree of saliency in the associations between the metaphor’s two conceptual domains. It also concludes that the revised CMT provides a reliable framework for understanding and analysing the communicative function of creative metaphors in discourse. The results also show that the deconstruction of conceptual metaphors back into their basic kernel patterns provides a good but inadequate strategy to translate highly-contextualized uses of creative metaphors in the case of lexical or conceptual restrictions.
Online Teaching and Learning During Covid-19 Pandemic: Challenges Faced by English Teachers in Islamic Tertiary Institutions in Malaysia and Indonesia
Authors: Mazlan Ahmad Farit , Mohammad Maslawati , Kassim Rosnani , Erni
Published: October 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected the education sectors globally. The sudden shift from traditional face to face learning to online teaching and learning brings various challenges to English teachers, particularly in tertiary institutions in Malaysia and Indonesia. Hence, the aim of this study is to examine the online teaching and learning challenges faced by teachers teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) in Islamic tertiary institutions in Malaysia and teachers teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic. The qualitative research design used in this study was a case study using focus group interviews (FGI), individual open-ended responses via Google Form and a discussion thread via Whatsapp. Purposive sampling was used, and 10 English teachers from Islamic tertiary institutions in Malaysia and Indonesia were chosen as the participants in this study. The data in this study was analysed through NVIVO applications and categorized according to themes. The findings revealed that among the challenges English teachers faced in ESL/EFL online teaching and learning are a lack of technological skills to teach online, constraints in terms of internet accessibility and devices used for teaching and learning, and effective interaction in online teaching and learning. The findings from this study could potentially be utilised to plan strategies and produce practical solutions to overcome the challenges in conducting online teaching and learning among English teachers in any tertiary learning institutions in Malaysia and Indonesia in the future.
The Rhizomatic Arab American Identity in Laila Halaby’s West of the Jordan
Authors: Sasa Ghada S. , Al-Othman Maram A.
Published: October 2022

This paper is an exploration of Arab American identity in Laila Halaby’s novel West of the Jordan in relation to postcolonialism. The purpose of this paper is to trace Arab American identity development West of the Jordan and to negotiate how the Arab American identity manifested itself in the diaspora to create a rhizomatic identity whose multiplicity denies singularity. The process of identity negotiation for bicultural individuals is psychologically challenging. Arab Americans in particular deal with this process in an environment where they are continuously viewed as “The Other.” Using the concepts of Homi Bhabha, Edward Said, and Stuart Hall in relation to the postcolonial theory, as well as Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari’s concepts of the rhizomatic identity, the study analyzes how Arab American identities are represented in the work of Halaby.
Translation of Conceptual Metaphor in Chinese Diplomatic Discourse: Based on CRP Model
Authors: Wang Xinglong , Chen Ruirui
Published: October 2022

As a way of thinking and experiencing the world, conceptual metaphor plays a vital role in creating realities. The use of conceptual metaphor in diplomatic discourse is an indispensable discursive mode and strategy of publicizing diplomatic concepts and notions. With the aid of MIPVU, conceptual metaphors employed in Chinese diplomatic discourse are identified and classified minutely in this paper. Translation problems of the conceptual metaphors are figured out according to the model of comprehension and translation model constructed under the guidance of Cognitive Reference Point (CRP). Meanwhile, BNC and COCA are also utilized to judge whether the translation is appropriate or not. Finally, feasible translation strategies and methods in diplomatic discourse are put forward based on the CRP translation model, and illustrated with authentic examples.
Objectifying Science: Impersonalization in English Research Articles From Different Disciplines
Authors: Hardjanto Tofan Dwi , Roselani Ni Gusti Ayu
Published: October 2022

English academic writing has often been characterized as being direct, accurate, and objective. One way of achieving objectivity is through the use of a communicative strategy called impersonalization. The present research examines linguistic devices that academic writers have at their disposal to avoid explicit reference, especially to themselves, and to detach themselves from the information they convey. It also addresses the question of whether this impersonalization strategy is expressed differently across different disciplines. For these purposes, a corpus of 45 primary empirical research articles from the fields of linguistics, medicine, and natural sciences were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively with the help of corpus linguistic method. The results of the research showed that impersonalization in English research articles could be expressed through the use of agentless passive constructions and impersonal constructions. The results indicate that English academic discourse is marked by the use of agentless passive constructions (199.17 tokens per 10.000 words) to express impersonalization, which was primarily used to serve as writer-oriented hedging functions. The study also revealed highly significant differences in the use of impersonalization in linguistics, medicine and natural sciences. This seems to suggest that impersonalization in English academic discourse is expressed differently in different fields of study.
The Contribution of Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory in Mediating L2 Knowledge Co-Construction
Authors: Alkhudiry Reham
Published: October 2022

Vygotsky’s Socio-Cultural Theory (SCT) emphasizes the role of meaningful human interaction as playing an effective role in language learning, especially in L2 development.  The aim of this paper is to synthesize the main concepts of SCT and to show how it may help to enhance L2 learning practices. A critical review of Vygotsky’s Socio-Cultural Theory suggests that human mental performance is basically a process arranged by concepts, social objects, and activities. Learning is, then, seen as an interactive process, representing the learner’s final output in practical community. Applying the Socio-Cultural Theory in practice can be the more suitable approach to provide an all-encompassing framework in which L2 learners can be engaged in various collaborative learning activities for L2 language learning. L2 learners' interaction with various language activities seems to have instructional implications on their cognitive progress and consequently, this can reflect positively on their L2 language performance, leading to meaningful and constructivist L2 learning experience. The critical overview of the SCT in this paper recommends encouraging the use of collaborative techniques that integrate both instructors and L2 learners with the socio-cultural norms that can help exploit the full potential for a successful L2 learning experience.
A Contrastive Analysis of Lexical Features of Government Work Report for 2020 and Its Translation—From the Perspective of Halliday’s Three Meta-Functions Theory
Authors: Wang Keren
Published: October 2022

The translation of government work report (GWR) should not only be faithful to the spirit of the original text, but also close to the stylistic features of target language and the context. These features correspond to the Ideational, Interpersonal and Textual functions of Three Meta-functions Theory, which is of great research value in the current circumstance beset by COVID-19. Taking 2020 GWR as the research material due to its special social environment, this paper makes a systematic comparative study of lexical features between the source text and its English translation based on three meta-functions theory. Through quantitative statistics and qualitative text analysis, the realization and distribution of three meta-functions in the source text and its translation are discussed. At the same time, the reasons for the equivalence and non-equivalence between two texts are explored to summarize corresponding modification suggestions and translation strategies. Through comparative analysis, it is found that for ideational process, the discrepancy is significant in terms of material and relational processes between the source text and its translation. For interpersonal function, the source text mainly uses modal operators of high value while the translation the median. And for textual function, there were many additions of first-person plural pronouns in translation due to its writing habits. These findings can help better understand the language mechanism and connotation of the translation of GWR, thus enriching their research perspective to some extent.
Appraisal Resources and National Image: A Case Study on Chinese Foreign Ministry Spokespersons’ Responses About COVID-19
Authors: Liu Qi Yuan , Ang Lay Hoon , Waheed Moniza , Kasim Zalina Binti Mohd
Published: October 2022

The national image of a country is becoming increasingly important as the soft power of a country, which can be realised by diplomacy and various types of diplomatic discourses. Therefore, this study attempts to analyse, via the responses of Chinese Foreign Ministry Spokespersons to questions about COVID-19, how national images are constructed. It adopts the Appraisal Theory proposed by Martin and White and focuses on one of its systems: attitude. Attitude resources are evaluative languages that express feelings, opinions and judgements which are quite contributive to the building of a national image and they are very abundant in the the foreign spokespersons’ responses. This study uses Atlas.ti as the tool to collect and code appraisal resources in order to observe the overall features of attitude, including word frequency and collocation. Together with this tool, the Critical Discourse Analysis approach is also used to analyse the meaning of attitude resources as well as the political and diplomatic contexts. The study finds that different attitude resources can contribute to the formation of different components of national images according to specific political events or international relationships, and this gives more insights into the construction of China’s national image during the pandemic.
A Study on the Use of Hedges in English Writing of College Students at Different Levels
Authors: Zhao Qing
Published: October 2022

This paper explored features of hedges in college students’ English writing at different language levels and their differences from native students’ writing. The 2000 writing texts by students from 3 key universities and 8 ordinary universities in Chongqing and Sichuan Province were offered by China Wordnet Company who initiated English writing campaign in 2016. The result showed that compared with native students, students from key and ordinary universities used more hedges, relied on a narrow range of hedges and offered stronger commitments to statements. Language level did not play a decisive role in these aspects.
Prognostic value of the morphological features of postperfusion liver biopsies in liver transplantation
Authors: AYSAL Anil , AGALAR Cihan , ARSLAN Çiğdem , EGELİ Tufan , ÖZBİLGİN Mücahit , UNEK Tarkan , ASTARCIOĞLU İbrahim , SAĞOL Özgül
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to show the potential prognostic effects of morphological findings for the graft function, rejection and survival by evaluating the postperfusion liver biopsies.

Materials and Methods: Sixty six cases who underwent cadaveric liver transplantation between 2006-2010 were included. The representative slides of postperfusion subcapsular wedge biopsies were evaluated for intrasinusoidal neutrophilic infiltration, microvesicular steatosis, hepatocyte swelling, hepatocellular necrosis, endothelial swelling, bile duct epithelial changes, cholangiolar proliferation and sinusoidal congestion/hemorrhage. The associations between the histopathological features and early allograft dysfunction, mortality rate and rejection status were statistically analysed.

Results: Intrasinusoidal neutrophilic infiltration was grade 1 in 40 (60%), grade 2 in 24 (36%), and grade 3 in 2 cases (4%). The presence of grade 2-3 intrasinusoidal neutrophils was found to be significantly associated with mortality rate. The presence of sinusiodal congestion/hemorrhage was statistically related to the rejection. The presence of sinusiodal congestion/hemorrhage was significantly associated with shorter overall survival.

Conclusion: Intrasinusoidal neutrophilic infiltration is promising to be a possible histopathological predictor for mortality. In addition, the presence of sinusoidal congestion can be a candidate as a prognostic factor both for rejection and overall survival based on our study.
Determination of Boron, Lithium and Some Metals in Fly Ash by Laser Ablation ‒ Inductively Coupled Plasma ‒ Optical Emission Spectr ometry
Authors: Kolmykov R.P.
Published: October 2022

To avoid potentially harmful wet sample preparation is offered to use laser ablation (LA) ‒ inductively coupled plasma ‒ optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) as a method for the elemental analysis of fly ash for boron, lithium, and some metals. For this purpose, synthetic samples were prepared by spiking with dissolved standards. As a result, great stability of calibration curves was achieved. It was found that a particle diameter less than 80 μm in fly ash is enough to have a satisfying homogeneity for successful calibration in the method of standard additions. The average recovery test for reference materials used in the study was 16–77% of the certified values for the elements observed. The low results might be the effect of spiking with calibration samples in the liquid state. This type of analysis requires further investigation. According to the results of elemental analysis, the content of boron and lithium was determined for ZUK-2 and SO-1, which was not previously noticed in other papers.
Mechanical Activation as a Method to Regulate Morphology, Texture and Surface Functional Composition of Carbon-Mineral Materials Derived from Sapropel
Authors: Krivonos O.I. , Belskaya O.B. , Likholobov V.A.
Published: October 2022

Data on the synthesis of carbon-mineral materials (CMM) through carbonization of native sapropel after preliminary mechanical activation (MA) in the air environment are presented. The effect of MA parameters (time, the size and acceleration of milling bodies) on the fractional composition and morphology of sapropel is investigated. MA for 5‒10 min promotes the dispersion of sapropel particles, while a further increase in treatment time causes their partial agglomeration. It is demonstrated that preliminary MA of native sapropel leads to changes in the texture parameters and acidity of the surface of CMM obtained after the carbonization stage. An increase in specific surface area from 90 to 560 m2g-1 is observed, with an increase in the adsorption pore volume from 0.16 to 0.52 cm3g-1 as a result of an increase in the fraction of micropores in the formed CMM. Despite this fact, CMM samples still contain large pores, and the fraction of meso- and macropores is 70%. In addition, a decrease in pH of the point of zero charge occurs as a consequence of an increase in the content of acidic oxygen-containing groups. The discovered effect is essential for the formation of sapropel-based materials with required properties and for broadening their application area.
Key Peculiarities of the Pyrolysis Behavior of Different Rank Coals, and Characterization of the Pyrolysis Products
Authors: Kuznetsov P.N. , Fetisova O.Y. , Kuznetsova L.I. , Fan X. , Avid B. , Purevsuren B.
Published: October 2022

The chemical composition, structural and plastometric properties of typical different-ranked coals from Mongolia deposits were studied. The non-isothermal iso-conversion Ozawa-Flynn-Wall method was used to assess kinetic parameters and to differentiate decomposition steps. Key peculiarities of the pyrolysis kinetics of brown and bituminous coals were revealed and discussed in terms of the composition and plastometric properties of coals. Brown coal was shown to undergo three decomposition steps with ever increasing activation energy as temperature increased because of the decomposition of thermally more and more stable molecular fragments. The pyrolysis of bituminous coals occurred in four steps, the activation energy having an extreme mode of temperature dependence. An important new finding was that the temperature range of the second, major pyrolysis step well corresponded to that between the softening and resolidification temperatures according to Gieseler plastometry, so that the decomposition of bituminous coals at the second step proceeded in a fluid-like medium, moreover, with constant activation energy. The yield and composition of the pyrolysis products obtained under isothermal conditions were also characterized depending on coal rank and temperature, and the ways for qualified utiliza tions were offered.
Hydrocarbon Synthesis from CO2 and H2 Using the Ultrafine Iron-Containing Catalytic Systems Based on Carbonized Cellulose
Authors: Kulikova M.V. , Chudakova M.V. , Ivantsov M.I. , Dementyva О.S. , Maksimov A.L.
Published: October 2022

Carbon materials were formed by the hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose, which were used as support for carbon dioxide hydrogenation catalysts (Fe/C and Fe-Mn/C). In the presence of these catalytic systems, CO2 conversion reached 50%. It is shown that the manganese introduction into the Fe-containing catalytic system significantly affects the distribution of gaseous С1-С4 products and liquid С5+ hydrocarbons. Promotion leads to the suppression of methane formation and an increase in the proportion of C2-C4 light olefins in gaseous products, as well as to intensification of secondary processes with the formation of a significant amount of iso-structures in liquid products. The different distribution of С1-С6 alcohols in the oxygen-containing products on the Fe/C and Fe-Mn/C catalysts indicates the manganese effect on the routes of their formation.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Learning Model Problem Posing with Quantum Learning TANDUR toward Students’ Understanding in Mathematics Concept
Authors: Asy'ary Muhammad Luqman , Jais Afifah Mad
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness of the learning model Problem Posing type Post Solution Posing with Quantum Learning TANDUR type to understand the concept of mathematics on the integral material is not necessarily use three-teir multiple choice diagnostic test based E-Learning class XI MIPA students in SMA N 1 Bringin year Lesson 2019/2020. This research is a quantitative study of quasi-experimental experiments with the design of Posttest Only Control Group design. The samples in this study were students of grade XI MIPA 1 and XI MIPA 2 SMA N 1 Bringin. The instrument used in this study was about understanding the mathematical concept of Three-Teir Multiple Choice Diagnostic Test. The results of the study gained that the classifications of class-savvy category XI MIPA 1 have an average of 26.18% while the class XI MIPA 2 has an average of 21.47%. Thus, understanding the concept of class XI MIPA 1 is higher than the class XI MIPA 2. Then based on the results of the hypothesis test using an average similarity test with test-T scores obtained t-count =-0.00691 is between-2.02 ≤ t-table ≤ 2.02 which means that the effectiveness of implementation of learning model Problem Posing type Post Solution Posing same as the application of learning model of Quantum Learning TANDUR type towards understanding student mathematics concept.
Android Snake Ladder on Triangle using TGT Learning Model to Increase Learning Motivation
Authors: Wulanningtyas Melania Eva , Putra Yusup Davit Palma , Triani Ni Nyoman , Andriyati Nofica
Published: October 2022

The aims of this research were developing mathematics learning media based on android using Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning type on triangle materials to improve learning motivation of class VII Junior High School students according to these validity, practical, and effective criterias through snake ladder game. The subject of this research were 28 students of class VII D SMP Negeri 1 Sedayu.  This research based on ADDIE developing model contains 5 steps: (1) analysis, (2) design, (3) development, (4) implementation, and (5) evaluation. The results of this research showed that mathematics learning media based on android using Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning type on triangle materials to improve learning motivation of class VII Junior High School students was completed on: (1) validity aspect through material expert validation with score 64 and categorized very good in criteria also media expert validation with score 64 and categorized very good in criteria. (2) practical aspect through mathematics learning media based on android tested to 28 students with student response questionnaire score was 1.053 and categorized good in  criteria. (3) effectiveness aspect through increasing learning motivation students as much as 26% from 54% to 80%. So, it can be concluded that mathematics learning media based on android is appropriate for learning activity and beneficial to improve learning motivation students.
Worksheets Electronic Development of STEAM-Based to Improve Students' Creative Thinking Ability
Authors: Dermawan Deden Dicky , Andartiani Kinanti
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to develop a valid, practical, and effective STEAM-based E-LKPD to improve students' creative thinking skills. This study used research and development procedures with reference to the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) but this research is only up to the develop stage. The experimental design used is "One Groups Pretest-Posttest Design" with 72 students as research subjects. The research instruments include observation sheets, interview sheets, expert validation test sheets, written tests (pretest and posttest), and questionnaire sheets (questionnaire). The results of the research that have been gained, it is known that the validity of the E-LKPD according to the material expert validator is 91.6 in the very valid category, the media expert validator is 75 in the valid category, and the language expert validator is 85 in the very valid category. The effectiveness of E-LKPD according to the results of the N-Gain test calculation of 0.61 is included in the category of quite effective and showed that there was a significant increase in creative thinking skills before and after using STEAM-based E-LKPD with 91% classical completeness results with complete criteria. The STEAM-based E-LKPD was declared practical according to the results of teacher and student respondents who showed the results of teacher respondents, namely scores of 83 and 80 with very interesting categories and student respondents producing an average score of 81 with very attractive categories. The conclusion of the research is that the development of STEAM-based E-LKPD is suitable for distance learning activities and can improve students' creative thinking skills.
Implementation of Interactive Mathematics Teaching E-Modul To Improve Student Motivation and Learning Outcomes
Authors: Kusuma Adi Candra , Ekasari Silvia Rahmi , Weddakarti Eva
Published: October 2022

Online learning requires lecturers to have creativity in choosing the right learning method to be able to create fun learning facilities. Mathematics synonymous with difficult courses needs an interactive learning approach. The purpose of this research is to Effectiveness produce interactive mathematics teaching materials to improve student motivation and learning outcomes. This type of quantitative research is carried out on students of class 1A as an experimental class and 1B as an even semester control class for the academic year 2021/2022. Data collection methods use questionnaires, observations, and test questions by processing normality test data, homogeneity test, completion test, bending test, and regression test. The results showed that individual learning completion surpassed KKM (68), and student learning outcomes with Interactive Mathematics teaching materials were higher than using expository learning. There is support for the influence of motivation on student learning outcomes by 78.6% with regression equation Y = 59.064 + 1.421 X, the with positive motivation of experimental class by 83% compared to control class 69%. The math learning that students expect is more fun and less boring.
Using Watson Criteria for Analyzing Student Errors: Systematic Literature Review (SLR)
Authors: Aswin Aswin , Juandi Dadang
Published: October 2022

This study aims to analyze the distribution of research related to the use of the Watson criteria in analyzing student errors at all levels of education. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The sample consists of 42 results of qualitative research on the use of Watson's criteria in analyzing student errors. Samples were taken from indexed journals published in the 2017-2021 period. The key question of this research is how the description of the distribution of research related to the use of the Watson criteria in analyzing student errors, is reviewed based on the year of publication, level of research, methods used, number of subjects, types of questions, demographics, and types of errors made by students. Through the SLR method, it was found that there was an increase and decrease in the number of studies over the last five years. Based on the criteria for junior high school level studies, the use of descriptive qualitative methods, using story questions, with less than 30 subjects, and the demographics of research on the island of Java are the most dominant. The most dominant student errors are procedural errors and missing conclusions. This becomes very important to be considered in learning mathematics.
Ethnomathematics: Exploration of Mathematics and Cultural Values in the Performing Arts of the Sasak Tribe Perisean
Authors: Fauzi Lalu Muhammad , Hayati Nila , Gazali Muhammad , Fauzi Asri
Published: October 2022

Perisean art developed since the 13th century according to existing history, which started with a ritual to ask for rain when there was a long dry season which resulted in a famine. Perisean art performances are currently used as mere agility art performances. Pepadu is a term for players or fighters. The show is led by three referees, one pekembar tengaq (middle referee) who is in charge of leading the fight and two pekembar sedi (side referee) who is in charge of determining each pepadu. Perisean art is not only studied in the form of art but can also be studied as a form of contextual learning in mathematics. Thus, this study aims to explore the forms of mathematics and cultural values contained in the performing arts of perisean which can later be used as a source of contextual mathematics learning. This research is a qualitative research using ethnographic method. The informants used are traditional figures, pepadu, and cultural experts who understand the art of perisean , documentation and field notes. The findings show that in the performing arts of perisean in the tradition of the Sasak people there are mathematical ideas, namely geometric shapes found in perisean art instruments and musical instruments. which has the potential as a starting point in contextual mathematics learning.
The contestation of Islamic legal thought: Dayah’s jurists and PTKIN’s jurists in responding to global issues
Authors: Danial Danial , Usman Munadi , Sari Dewi Nur
Published: October 2022

This study aims to understand the contestation of Islamic legal thought between the scientific tradition of Dayah (Islamic boarding school) and the State Islamic Higher Education Institutions (PTKIN) in responding to global issues. The main data sources in this research are words and actions, the rest are additional data such as documents. Methods of data collection included interviews, observation, and documentation. All data obtained were analyzed by data reduction, analysis, and interpretation. Based on the objectives and research methods above, it was found that there were three factors causing the emergence of contestation between the two Islamic educational institutions, namely, (1) the different methodologies and approaches to Islamic law used; (2) the difference in the spirit of fiction between Dayah and PTKIN. Dayah has the spirit of preserving fiqh, while PTKIN’s spirit is fiqh renewal; (3) Political background. The contestation between Dayah and PTKIN occurred in two areas, namely the area of worship and non-worship. Based on the references, methods of reasoning, approach, and spirit possessed by these two Islamic educational institutions, it can be understood that the two models of Islamic legal thought have the potential to be integrated. Such integration may include; integration of foundations, sources, methods, approaches, and reasoning models.
Position of fatwa in Islamic law: the effectiveness of MUI, NU, and Muhammadiyah fatwas
Authors: Ansori Ansori
Published: October 2022

Quantitatively, there is a gap between the number of limited religious texts and the enormous reality of dynamic context. Indeed, in the main principle of Islamic law, every activity carried out by a Muslim must comply with sharia rules. The syara’ regulations are religious texts concerning words, actions, or other activities carried out by someone capable of law (mukallaf). To overcome the possible gap between the text and the context, the scholars (ulama) formulate various methods with the result that Islamic law can be a medium of connecting and an effective means of compromising religious texts with one’s activities. With the production of these various methods, the production of texts that have ended since the death of the Prophet Muhammad ± 1500 years ago will still have control and be able to guide humankind. This article discussed how fatwa, as scholars’ thoughts, has a dialectic with society’s reality. In addition, it also explored fatwas’ practical level. In fact, fatwa is one of the efforts to find syar’i answers to various problems arising in human life, especially in modern times
Evaluating Learning Effectiveness towards Online Learning: Application of Design Thinking and Reading Comprehension for Case Reading on Economic Issues during COVID-19
Authors: Tsai Shuo-Chang , Wang Shu-Yu , Lai Hui-Ping
Published: October 2022

This study focuses on developing an effective online teaching strategy to improve students' cognition engagement and application ability by applying design thinking and case readings on current economic issues for private university students in Taiwan during the COVID-19 pandemic. The teaching method combines design thinking and the reading comprehension process by the two principles of divergence and convergence. The design thinking method provides stepwise guidance for building understanding and analyzing competence on current economic issues. The reading comprehension process strengthens students' reading skills and learning capability. This combination increases student engagement and concentration in economic case readings during online learning. The research participants comprised 189 first-year students studying economics courses. After implementing the innovative teaching strategies, the results show that the more students are involved in frequent readings, the better are their economics semester grade. The findings revealed that their post-quiz scores improved significantly, and the semester grade increased by 3.44 points. Increasing the reading engagement on current economic issues cases also affected the learning outcomes for absentees. Using design thinking to introduce case reading comprehension, empathy has been suggested as an essential factor affecting the effectiveness of reading learning. This theoretical model can offer directional insights and guidance on developing an effective strategy in online economics education.
How does smoking tobacco affect choosing a stable partner?
Authors: Oltra Javier , Amigo Vázquez Isaac , Secades-Villa Roberto
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to analyze the rejection towards smokers when considering a stable relationship. The sample included 445 participants who were recruited using the snowball method. A questionnaire created ad hoc was answered online by each participant. The effect of tobacco use was evaluated in choosing a stable partner, a stable partner to live with, and a stable partner to live with and have children. The results showed a significant rejection towards smokers for the different types of relationships. Statistically significant differences were found depending on the participants’ educational background and tobacco use, and their partner’s tobacco use. A higher level of rejection towards smokers was found in participants with university studies, in non-smokers, and those with a non-smoker partner. The main reasons for rejection were related to hygiene, health, and household economy. In conclusion, tobacco use can interfere with the establishment of a stable relationship. This argument could be added to the list of drawbacks associated with tobacco use for prevention and treatment.