bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing TVET Students' English Speaking Skills at Community College Using the Snake & Ladder Game
Authors:   Sungai Petani Community College, K. Gopal , W. B. Quah ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia
Published: October 2023

The students in this community college's Hospitality Course had several difficulties speaking English, including anxiety of making mistakes, fear of being laughed at by their friends, and a lack of understanding of the pronunciation and grammar that they used. This study aims to determine the students speaking skills by enhancing their motivation level and also to determine how students can communicate effectively when games are integrated in the lesson. This research was implemented with SPM leavers who are attending Hospitality Course in a community college. Hence snake and ladder game being used as a way out to develop students’ motivation in speaking English. When snake and ladder game is induced in the learning process, students will learn to speak spontaneously while playing the games and indirectly they will be able to motivate and train themselves in being a skillful speaker gradually. The researchers used pre-test and post-test, the researchers’ observation and interviews with a few students. When students participated in speaking tasks, particularly during games, they felt more liberated, free, and confident, according to the findings. They work together, support each other, and interact. Furthermore, when they had to perform in small groups, they were relaxed and joyful. Games have been and will always be an important part of learning a second or foreign language. Researchers have pointed out the importance of using snake and ladder game in the English learning process. This game is motivating and exciting experiences for students to develop the speaking skills.
Validity and Reliability of Research Instrument in Evaluation of Work-Based Learning (WBL) Elements
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Raden Ismail Raden Mohd Farhan Helmy , Rahim Mohd Bekri ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Sulaiman Junita ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on the evaluation of Work-Based Learning (WBL) elements on MTUN (assumed to be a specific institution or program) bachelor students. The objective is to assess the validity and reliability of the research instruments used in the evaluation process. WBL is an educational approach that integrates practical work experiences with academic learning to enhance students' skills and employability. Ensuring the validity of the research instruments is crucial to measure the intended outcomes accurately. Content validity is achieved through careful instrument design, aligning research questions with measures, and seeking expert input. Reliability is established by employing standardized procedures, clear instructions, and rigorous data collection training. This study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, to enhance the validity and reliability of the findings. Limitations and potential sources of bias are acknowledged and addressed. By maintaining validity and reliability in the evaluation, this study aims to provide accurate and trustworthy insights into the effectiveness of WBL elements, contributing to the improvement of WBL programs and enhancing student learning outcomes and career readiness.
The Significant Factors Influencing Individual’s Perceptions of Pay Gap
Authors: Kosasih Brenda , Tamayo‑Verleene Kristine , Novieningtyas Annisaa
Published: October 2023

Various studies have shown that there exist gender-related inequalities in employee compensation. Yet, individuals may also develop affective and behavioural outcomes based on their perceptions of whether they experience such inequalities or observe such inequalities (dis) favouring others. This paper seeks to examine the different factors that could be linked to individuals' pay gap perceptions. The study aims to analyze how demographic factors can significantly impact individuals' perceptions of the pay gap by looking at the relationship between the two variables, where the demographic factors are the independent variable and the perceptions become the dependent variable. The survey was made by adapting from two previous studies about gender discrimination. Hypotheses were tested by utilizing a hierarchical linear regression through SPSS with a sample size of 217 participants from 3 continents: Europe, Asia, and America. Findings showed that gender, age, marital status and equity sensitivity are significantly linked to pay gap perceptions. Specifically, the study found that individuals reported higher pay gap discrimination against their own gender and benefitting the opposite gender. The limitations of this study include its small sample size and cross-sectional design, which affects the generalizability of its findings. This research contributes to the literature on employee compensation, as it features some factors that are linked to individual pay gap perceptions. Theoretically, the paper suggests that self-serving bias and gender role theories potentially influence individuals’ wage and justice perceptions. The paper also provides insights that could help HR professionals design better compensation and communication practices.
Obtaining the Klein-Gordon wave equation without using the quantum operators
Authors: Raj Roshan
Published: October 2023

A derivation of the Klein-Gordon wave equation without substituting the corresponding quantum mechanical energy and momentum operators in Einstein's relativistic energy-momentum relationship is presented. An additional discussion is made to motivate readers to understand the distinction between the quantum wave equation and the governing law in the context of quantum mechanical formalisms. A resemblance of mathematical structure between the Maxwell wave equation and the deduced Klein-Gordan equation is shown. It is also noted that the wave velocity of the matter wave becomes equal to photon velocity for massless cases. This can be useful to explain why light equally shows matter and particle behaviour.
Survival-driven cellular responses direct tumor evolution
Authors: Zhang Yuntian
Published: October 2023

Tumor heterogeneity is a major obstacle in cancer therapy. We offer a novel perspective on tumor heterogeneity, informed by expanding upon the existing view on tumor evolution. The current belief is the functionality of advantageous genes and mutations drives tumor capacities. We recognize an earlier, yet often overlooked step preceding the activation of advantageous gene functionality – the cellular response. We understand any cells, or any organism, will inherently respond with specific capacities when faced with adversity. Our concepts suggest that the disease is driven by an adaptive action taken by any organism when confronted with adversity - a cellular response to generate specific cancer capacities to overcome survival threat - the responses that utilize advantageous genetic mutations and other cellular contents to attain these capacities and drive the disease. The ongoing development of cancer capabilities, as cells endeavor to obtain a competitive advantage, results in increased molecular disarray, observed as tumor heterogeneity. When the evolutionary drive for survival is impeded by therapeutic inhibition of critical genes, cell death occurs, a phenomenon termed oncogene addiction. Following the same idea, we understand the progressive primitiveness of cancer cells during the progression is driven by a cellular reaction to damage intended for regeneration. This reaction prompts cells to continuously regress into earlier progenitors, unleashing a hitherto undiscerned cellular potential for unlimited regeneration of progeny cells and an unprecedented path towards immortality by returning the cells to their most rudimentary state.
A Natural Language Model to Automate Scoring of Autobiographical Memories
Authors: Mistica Meladel , Haylock Patrick , Michalewicz Aleksandra , Raad Steph , Fitzgerald Emily , Hitchcock Caitlin
Published: October 2023

Biases in the retrieval of personal, autobiographical memories are a core feature of multiple mental health disorders, and are associated with poor clinical prognosis. However, current assessments of memory bias are either reliant on human scoring, restricting their administration in clinical settings, or when computerised, are only able to identify one memory type. Here, we developed a natural language model able to classify text based memories as one of five different autobiographical memory types (specific, categoric, extended, semantic associate, omission), allowing easy assessment of a wider range of memory biases, including reduced memory specificity and impaired memory flexibility. Our model was trained on 17,632 text-based, human-scored memories obtained from individuals with and without experience of memory bias and mental health challenges, which was then tested on a dataset of 5,880 memories. We used 20-fold cross-validation set up, and the model was finetuned over BERT. Relative to benchmarking and an existing support vector model, our model achieved high accuracy (95.7 percent) and precision (0.91). We provide an open-source version of the model which is able to be used without further coding, by those with no coding experience, to facilitate the assessment of autobiographical memory bias in clinical settings, and aid implementation of memory-based interventions within treatment services.
Scoring Story Recall for Individual Differences Research: Central Details, Peripheral Details, and Automated Scoring
Authors: Martinez David
Published: October 2023

Story recall is an episodic memory paradigm that is popular among researchers interested in the effects of aging, disease, and/or injury on memory functioning; it is less popular among individual differences researchers studying neurotypical young adults. One reason differential psychologists may favor other episodic memory paradigms is that the prospect of scoring story recall is daunting, as it typically requires manually scoring hundreds or thousands of freely recalled narratives. In this study, I investigated two questions related to scoring story recall for individual differences research. First, whether there is anything to gain by scoring story recall for memory of central and peripheral details or if a single score is sufficient. Second, I investigated whether scoring can be automated using computational methods—namely, BERTScore and GPT-4. A total of 235 individuals participated in this study. At the latent variable level, central and peripheral factors were highly correlated (r = .99), and the two factors correlated with external factors (viz., fluid intelligence, crystallized intelligence, and working memory capacity) similarly. Regarding automated scoring, both BERTScore and GPT-4 derived scores were strongly correlated with manually derived scores (r >= .97); additionally, factors estimated from the various scoring methods all showed a similar pattern of correlations with the external factors. Thus, differential psychologists may be able to streamline scoring by disregarding detail type and by using automated approaches. Further research is needed, particularly of the automated approaches, as both BERTScore and GPT-4 derived scores were occasionally leptokurtic while manual scores were not.
Mathematics teachers’ perceptions and challenges in using blended learning for optimum mathematics delivery in the post COVID - 19 classrooms
Authors:   Department of Science Education, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ebonyi State, Nigeria., Anakpua Blessing C. , Nzeakor Emmanuel C. ,   Institute of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria., Emefo Chinyere N. ,   School of Secondary Education (Science), Department of Mathematics, Federal College of Education (Tech.), Bichi, Kano State, Nigeria., Okeke Adeline N. ,   School of General Studies, Anambra State Polytechnic, Mgbakwu Anambra State, Nigeria.
Published: October 2023

The study examined mathematics teachers’ perceptions and challenges in using blended learning for optimum mathematics delivery in the post Covid-19 classrooms in Anambra State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was adopted. Two research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. The population for the study was 89 mathematics teachers in Awka Education zone of Anambra State. The population was made up of 54 mathematics teachers in urban areas and 35 mathematics teachers in rural areas. A 20-item “Questionnaire for Mathematics Teachers’ Perceptions and Challenges in using Blended Learning for Optimum Mathematics Delivery (QMTPCBLOMD)” was validated by three experts and rated on four Likert scales. Cronbach Alpha was used to establish the reliability co-efficient of the instrument. The Cronbach Alpha reliability co-efficient was estimated at 0.84. Research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation, while the hypothesis was tested using z-test at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study showed that both urban and rural mathematics teachers perceived blended learning as the learning process that provides forum for interactive learning, promotes e-learning, fosters collaborative learning experience, incorporates both personalized and group learning, helps to share mathematics information and ideas globally and promotes student-centred learning. Challenges in using blended learning include lack of ICT compliance, low level of interest in mathematics, time factor, low speed connectivity and poor funding of secondary education. There was no significant difference between the mean response of perceptions of urban and rural mathematics teachers in using blended learning for optimum mathematics delivery in the post COVID-19 classrooms. It was recommended among others that both mathematics teachers and students should be ICT compliant and adequate time should be given for teaching of mathematics. Then capacity building workshop on blended learning should be organized for both mathematics teachers and students and government should fund secondary education adequately.
Anīs al-murīdīn wa shams al-majālis: Some Notes Concerning Recensions of the Text
Authors:   The Hermitage Museum, Moiseeva Anna
Published: October 2023

Anis al‑muridin wa shams al‑majalis is a mystical tafsir on sura “Yusuf” written in Persian which had previously been attributed to ʻAbdallah Ansari (1006—1089). Recent research has proved this attribution to be incorrect, and it has also been discovered there are at least two recensions of the text. The present article deals with the further questions of the history of Anis al‑muridin. It presents some observations and ideas concerning relationship between the two recensions and their authors based on the comparison of the headings in the texts as well as distribution of the known manuscripts. Also included in the article is the detailed description of the copy of Anis al‑muridin preserved at St. Petersburg.
Document in Turkic with Shah ‘Abbas II Conclusion Towards Selling Saltpetre to Russia (Near April, 29 1647)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Shorokhov Vladimir , Krasutsky Stanislav ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2023

The Turkic document below fixed the position of the government of the Shah ‘Abbas II to the end of long and hard negotiations with Russian diplomatic representatives towards selling Iranian saltpetre to Russia. Multiple attempts to buy this strategic raw material for the Tsar's defence industry took place since the middle of 1630ies and gained a little success. The written answer given to Russian ambassadors S. I. Kozlovsky and I. Zinoviev gives a short overview of the difficult talks and puts an end to envoy's expectations of obligatory promises to supply Russia some fixed amount of Safawid's saltpetre. At the same time purchases of that kind by Russian official trade representatives were definitely permitted.
Bibi Hajar, Izmam and Zamzam: Myth and Ritual Among Qashqadarya Arabs
Authors:   MAE (Kunstkamera), RAS, Kudriavtceva Anna
Published: October 2023

The present article analyses the preserved and recorded narratives of the Qashqadarya Arabs, obtained through the linguistic fieldwork of I. Vinnikov and G. Chikovani from the 1930s to the 2010s. The study sheds light on the ancient beliefs about the origin of the Qashqadarya Arabs. The meaning behind the terminology, together with references to tangible culture, has made it possible to trace a series of ancient myths. These were reborn as a female rite of passage and as an example of female adornment — the septum nose ring (izmam) — which remains the most important symbol of local Arab identity to this day. The traditional legends provide important material for dialectological research, while serving as an autonomous source of historical and cultural information. The study opens up new perspectives for further research into the cultural heritage of the Arabs of Uzbekistan and for maintaining the Russian academic tradition of Arabic studies.
A Journey to the East and Back to the West: Textual Research Paths of the Bertuccioli Collection
Authors:   Italian Institute of Oriental Studies — ISO, La Sapienza University of Rome, Tola Gabriele
Published: October 2023

The article presents textual research paths connected to the works of the Bertuccioli collection, stored in the Dipartimento Istituto Italiano di Studi Orientali of Sapienza University of Rome. Based on the bequest of Giuliano Bertuccioli (1923—2001), the collection is particularly rich, given the historical and personal contexts in which it was created. In fact, Bertuccioli was able to gather his texts over the years before 1949; he had the far–sightedness to buy valuable and important works, of which some are analysed in this article. The purpose is to point out research perspectives on the collection from a variety of research fields, also celebrating the profound scholarship of the late Professor Bertuccioli.
Penerapan Fraktal dalam Desain Pusat Kerajinan Tenun Ikat Lewokluok di Kecamatan Demon Pagong Kabupaten Flores Timur
Authors: Petrus Jhon Alfred D.D  , Wilarius Suri Teluma
Published: October 2023

The cultural tradition of tie cloth is a typical Indonesian tradition which is the origin of the cultural ecosystem of a region. Ikat cloth has even become an integral part of traditional ceremonial ceremonies, traditional marriage ceremonies, and religious ceremonies. Tie fabrics have different motifs in each region according to the peculiarities of the region itself. Lewokluok Village is a village in East Flores Regency, which has a variety of ikat motifs. The diversity of the ikat motifs is a symbol of unifying the culture of Lewokluok village from the many tribes that inhabit Lewokluok village. The provision of an tie craft center is an effort to overcome the problems faced by tie weaving craftsmen in preserving the tie culture, promoting tie weaving, and marketing the existing tie weaving works. The craft center is a place that is used as a center for production, promotion, tourism, and cultivation activities as well as the cultural development of an area. The design of the Lewokluok tie craft center uses the application of fractals. Fractal is a geometric shape that is irregular in shape, contorted but has similarities with itself. This fractal formation uses the principle of self-similarity from the basic pattern, namely the Lewokluok tie motif which is transformed into the form of building mass. This study uses a descriptive analysis method, starting from data collection consisting of primary data and secondary data. This data is obtained from the results of observations, interviews, and documentation as well as from literature studies and comparative studies of similar objects and themes. This data is then analyzed with various alternatives to produce the final design concept. In the end, it can produce a design center for Lewokluok tie weaving according to its function and purpose and increase the potential for cultural tourism in Lewokluok by applying fractals to the shape of the building that shows the characteristics of Lewokluok tie motifs.
Perfil parasitológico do quati (Nasua nasua, Linnaeus, 1766) cativos do parque zoobotânico de Arruda Câmara, João Pessoa, Paraíba
Authors: Monteiro Marcos Wanderson Vieira , Nunes Myllena Mycheli Bevenuto , Diniz Julia Helena Franca , Melo Sthefany Kristinne Alves de , Guerra Luciana Batista , Gonçalves Paola de Cássia , Nery Thiago Ferreira Lopes , Artur da Nóbrega Carreiro  , Santos Sandra Batista dos , Vila-Nova Nadja Soares
Published: October 2023

Parasitic diseases are frequently diagnosed infections in wild animals, among which are gastrointestinal parasites that affect several species. Animals kept in captivity are susceptible to these diseases due to stress, poor sanitary and nutritional management, inadequate facilities and overcrowding of individuals in enclosures. However, endoparasitoses can occur clinically or subclinically, with or without a zoonotic character. The present work traced the parasitological profile of captive Nasua nasua (Linnaeus, 1766) specimens from the Arruda Câmara Zoobotanical Park (PZAC) in João Pessoa, Paraíba (Brazil), through the performance of coproparasitological exams, chosen because they are low-cost, fast and minimally invasive techniques requiring little equipment for their execution, in addition to being effective diagnostic methods. Simple flotation techniques and direct examination were used as qualitative means of the samples, thus enabling the visualization and identification of parasites found in the feces.
Torção de abomaso em bovino leiteiro da raça holandesa: Relato de caso
Authors: Baldo Willian Gabriel , Almeida Maríntia de , Fávero Juscivete Fátima
Published: October 2023

Torsion of the abomasum is characterized by the rotation of the organ around its own axis, causing peripheral ischemia followed by necrosis of the walls of the gastric compartment, which can lead to the animal's death. Abomasopathy is directly correlated with metabolic dysfunctions, that is, diets lacking in fiber, history of recent birth associated with negative energy balance (NEB) in the transition period, or even the animal's genetics. Diagnosis of the condition consists of auscultation and digital percussion examination of the abdominal wall, in addition to anamnesis and evaluation of clinical signs and vital parameters. The objective of this work was to report a case of torsion of the abomasum with formation of omaso-abomasal volvulus in a dairy cow, highlighting the changes evidenced in the clinical and physical examination and complementary exams.
Güzel sanatlar akademisi, sahne tasarımı eğitiminde köklü bir ekol; ‘’Tiyatro Dekoru ve Kostümleri Atölyesi’’
Authors: Özdoğan Lütfiye Başak
Published: October 2023

1882 yılında eğitim vermeye başlayan ve ülkemizin güzel sanatlar alanında ilk kurumu olan Sanayi-i Nefise Mekteb-i Âlisi, cumhuriyet dönemiyle birlikte Güzel Sanatlar Akademisi adını alır. Okul 1969 yılında 1172 sayılı kanunla İstanbul Devlet Güzel Sanatlar Akademisi (İDGSA) olarak bilimsel özerklik kazanacak ve 1982 yılında Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu’na bağlanarak Mimar Sinan Üniversitesi, 2004 yılından itibaren de Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi adıyla Türkiye’nin en köklü okullarından biri olma özelliğini taşıyacaktır. Başlangıç yıllarındaki müfredatların önemli bir kısmı, Avrupa’nın klasik bir sanat okulu olan École des Beaux-Arts ile kurulan bağlantılar ve burada eğitim alan hocaların izlenim ve üretimleri yönünde usta çırak ilişkisine dayalıdır. Okulun oluşumunda sanatın üç temel alanı resim, heykel ve mimarlığın yer alması nedeniyle desen bilgisi ekolün temelini oluşturur. 1930’lu yıllarda gerçekleşen akademi reformu ile çoğu Avrupa’dan gelen yabancı hocalar ve yetiştirdikleri kuşaklar, Türk Sanatı’nın gelişimde önemli bir rol oynar. Akademik yapı içinde bir ilk olma özelliği taşıyan Tiyatro Dekoru ve Kostümü Atölyesi ise 1962 yılında Prof. Erdoğan Aksel ve Prof. Sadi Öziş tarafından kurulur. Bu makalede, akademi tarihi içinde sahne dekor ve kostümü eğitiminin oluşumu, Türkiye’de sahne tasarımı mesleğinin öncülerinin akademi ile ilişkisi ve bu yıllarda sahne tasarımcılığını etkileyen sanatsal gelişmelere bakılacak, ayrıca bu alanda mesleki eğitim alan ilk kuşak mezunların görüşlerine yer verilecektir. Bu veriler ışığında yapılan incelemenin amacı; sahne tasarımcılığı mesleğinde akademik eğitimin sahne tasarımcısı olmak için neden gerekli olduğuna dair bir araştırma alanı oluşturmaktır.
In Vitro Bioactivities of Alcohol-Free Benzydamine Oromucosal Solutions
Authors: Ungphaiboon Suwipa , Ardhanwanich Sutasinee , Kongpuckdee Sonsawan , Maneenuan Duangkhae , Srichana Teerapol
Published: October 2023

Objective: This research aimedto evaluate the effects of chitosan and poloxamer 407 on in vitro cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and antimicrobial activities of 0.3% w/v benzydamine hydrochloride (HCl) oromucosal solutions.Material and Methods: The effects of three alcohol-free benzydamine HCl oromucosal formulations; containing: 1) 0.5% w/v chitosan, 2) 15% w/v poloxamer 407, and 3) a combination of 0.5% w/v chitosan and 15% w/v poloxamer 407, on in vitro cytotoxicity and biological activities were evaluated and compared to a commercial benzydamine HCl mouth spray, containing alcohol and 0.12% chlorhexidine solution.Results: All alcohol-free benzydamine HCl formulations and their vehicles were less cytotoxic to the macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line than the commercial spray and to the human gingival fibroblast cell line than chlorhexidine, respectively. The formulation containing 0.5% w/v chitosan exhibited the highest wound healing activity on the fibroblast cells among all tested products, and showed anti-inflammatory activity on macrophage cells, which is comparable to benzydamine HCl. Furthermore, from the time-kill assay, this formulation completely inhibited Streptococcus mutans within 1 minute, similar to 0.12% chlorhexidine solution, and reduced the cell number of Candida albicans more rapidly than the commercial spray.Conclusion: The alcohol-free benzydamine HCl solution containing 0.5% w/v chitosan as a mucoadhesive polymer is a promising oral care candidate, which is safe to be used, and has wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.
Pengaruh Mekanisme Good Corporate Governance (Gcg) Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Sebelum Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Khairunnisa  , Besli Eugenius
Published: October 2023

This research was conducted to determine the effect of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) on company performance in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2017-2019. This study aims to determine the correlation that occurs between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The population used in this study are all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The selection of the research sample used a purposive sampling method with a total of 183 companies registered. Good Corporate Governance (GCG) in this study is described by the variables of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, board of commissioners and audit committees, while company performance is described by Return On Assets (ROA). The data used in this study are annual reports issued by companies listed on the IDX website. Testing the data in this study using SPSS. The results of the study show that managerial ownership, institutional ownership, the board of commissioners and the audit committee have an influence on the company's financial performance.

Keywords: Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership, Board of Commissioners, Audit Committee, and Return On Assets (ROA).
Analisis Penerapan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Pada Penggunaan Dana Bantuan Operasional Sekolah
Authors: Listyono Putro Rizki , Najib M.Toha Ainun
Published: October 2023

Dana BOS yaitu program pemerintah yang membantu sekolah di seluruh Indonesia, antuan ini didistribusikan berdasarkan jumlah peserta didik yang terdaftar. Sekolahan dalam mengajukan dana BOS harus membuat rancangan perencanaan yang dimasukkan ke dalam Rencana Kegiatan dan Anggaran Sekolah (RKAS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis terkait penggunaan sistem informasi akuntansi yang diterapkan untuk mengelola pemasukan dan pengeluaran kas di Sekolah Dasar berfungsi dengan baik serta sesuai dengan petunjuk teknis BOS. Subjek penelitian dalam studi ini yaitu Sekolah Dasar Negeri Singkil, yang terletak di kecamatan Balong Kabupaten Ponorogo. Kepala sekolah, bendahara, guru, dan komite sekolah adalah sumber data penelitian. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan datanya dengan cara wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik tringulasi sumber digunakan untuk menguji validitas dan keabsahan data dalam penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekolah telah melaksanakan perencanaan RKAS sesuai dengan persyaratan petunjuk teknis BOS Kemendikbud. Bendahara, guru, dan komite sekolah dilibatkan dalam proses perencanaan RKAS. Pelaksanan pengelolaan dana BOS diperlukan penambahan sumber daya manusia (SDM), hal ini  bertujuan untuk menghasilkan hasil yang lebih baik. Untuk menghindari kecurangan maka subunit pengendalian internal harus dibuat, serta fungsi akuntansi dan fungsi keuangan perlu dipisahkan.
Annual temperature regime of the shallow zone of Lake Baikal inferred from high-resolution data from temperature loggers
Authors: Fedotov A.P. A.P. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya Str., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Khanaev I.V. I.V. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya Str., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
Published: October 2023

Annual changes in temperature characteristic of the shallow zone during 2017-2022 have been studied in this work. Dataset was contrasted based on 8 transects located in South, Central and Northern Baikal at depths of 3, 4, 6, 12, 15 and 26 m. Temperatures were measured every 1.5-3 hour. It was determined that modal values of maximal heating of the shallow zone at all stations and depths were 15-16°C, however, distribution of maximal temperatures of South Baikal shifted toward the low temperatures, and these maximums could be only 9-10°C. Temperature regime of the shallow zone during warm seasons is characterized by sharp changes due to wind mixing and upwelling, when temperature drops dramatically from 16-18°C to 4°C for the 1-1.5 day. In most cases, the duration of stabile temperature condition without wind mixing was 4 days. On average, upwelling events occurred 5 times (maximum - 13 events) from July to November. As a result of wind mixing, the shallow zone is characterized as moderately warm with average temperatures of 6-7°C from June to November. A temperature effect on the shallow zone of Lake Baikal due to the Global warming is smoothed by cooling of the zone by deep waters during upwellings.
Acoustic-trawl studies of the Coregonus migratorius (Georgi,1775) in the Selenga shallow water zone of Lake Baikal, 2023
Authors: Anoshko P.N. P.N. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Dzyuba E.V. E.V. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Kucher K.M. K.M. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Nebesnykh I.A. I.A. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Smolin I.N. I.N. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Khanaev I.V. I.V. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Makarov M.M. M.M. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
Published: October 2023

Study of peculiarities of distribution of aggregations and size-age structure of the Baikal omul feeding stock in the Selenga shallow water zone of Lake Baikal were studied using the hydroacoustic method in combination with control trawls. Comparative analysis of the results of 2023 with the data of 2015-2022 showed significant changes in the general character of distribution of the Baikal omul aggregations in the water area and depth. Standard length of fish from different shallow water zones ranged from 10 to 39 cm with a sample median of 17 cm. In terms of weight, individuals of 18-26 cm in length were dominant. A “length-age” equation allows making an operational assessment of age class abundance correlation based on the probability of assigning individuals of a certain length to them. It is shown that 3-5 years old fish form the basis of the biomass of feeding stock in the Selenga fishing zone. A significant proportion of young fish indicates that there is sufficient recruitment to increase the biomass of the Baikal omul stock in 5 years perspective.
Assessing the potential of a surface water body for multiple uses. Case study: the Anambra River Basin, south-eastern Nigeria
Authors: Odo S.N. S.N. ,   Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria, Odo M.K. ,   Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria, Ezikanyi E.C. ,   Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria, Iwuji A.C. ,   Department of Statistics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria, Okezie C.A. ,   Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria
Published: October 2023

Anthropogenic activities causing deterioration in water quality and a decrease in meeting the ecosystem service potentials of surface water are considered one of the major basic environmental challenges. Water samples were collected from three sampling stations (Ogurugu, Otuocha, and Otu- Nsugbe) in the Anambra River Basin and analyzed following standard protocols and procedures for nine months. The cosystem services potentials of the Anambra River Basin were evaluated using physico-chemical parameters and some indices: Comprehensive pollution index (CPI), nutrient pollution index (NPI), salinity potential, and soluble sodium percentage (SSP). All the water quality parameters were within the standard level for drinking water, aquaculture practice, recreation (swimming/bathing) and agricultural purposes, with the exception of pH and phosphate, whereas dissolved oxygen met aquaculture criteria only in station II. Comprehensive pollution index (0.150 – 0.449), nutrient pollution index (0.07 – 0.46), and soluble sodium percentage (6.0% -26.92%) were within the category of non-polluted or excellent to sub-clean. Potential salinity (39.39 - 97.19) was high, indicating water from the Anambra River Basin contained crystallized solutes. Conclusion: the Anambra River Basin is not at risk of eutrophication but may not support irrigation program due to the high potential salinity. However, the river needs to be monitored, and anthropogenic activities need to be regulated.
Sanitary-microbiological characteristics of water in the area of the Zmeinyi thermal spring (Northern Baikal, Russia, 2022)
Authors: Elovskaya I.S. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Chernitsyna S.M. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Pavlova O.N. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Zemskaya T.I. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
Published: October 2023

The analysis of sanitary-significant microorganisms in two baths of the thermal spring Zmeinyi, the streams of the baths and at a distance of 5 and 20 meters from the shore was carried out during the day before and the day after tourists’ bathing. Exceedance of permissible values of sanitary-microbiological indicators in accordance with SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 were detected in the baths, streams of outflow and in the water edge at a distance of up to 5 meters. The indicator of total (generalized) coliform bacteria (TCB) in all studied samples did not decrease throughout the day, the highest values of the number of opportunistic microorganisms were observed in the baths of the thermal spring and in the streams of outflow, where the water temperature was ~ 32 - 33°С. The obtained self-cleaning coefficients in the littoral zone up to 20 m had low values (from 0.0008 to 2.53).
Multiple techniques to evaluate the relationship between carotid artery plaque and acute stroke
Authors: Chen Jianghong , Wang Bingshuang , Song Jianshi , Qi Zhengqin , Deng Yandong
Published: October 2023

AIM: To evaluate the important characteristics of the plaque vulnerability using multimodal ultrasound imaging methods (2D, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and elastography), and to explore the relationship between plaque and acute stroke. METHODS: A total of 244 patients with carotid plaque were enrolled, including 104 patients with acute stroke ipsilateral to the plaque as the case group and 140 patients as the control group. All patients underwent conventional carotid ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and elastography (SWE). The results of each examination were compared and analyzed, and the relationship between the results and the occurrence of stroke was discussed. RESULTS: In the acute stroke group, the men, with a history of alcohol consumption the direction of contrast media diffusion was higher than that in the control group, but the plaque gray value (GSM), maximum, average and minimum Young’s elastic modulus imaging values (YM) were slightly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that waist to body ratio (WHtR), GSM, YM, neovascularization density and contrast diffusion direction were independent risk factors for predicting acute ischemic stroke. The influence degree of each factor from strong to weak was waist to body ratio, neovascularity density, GSM and YM, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke by regression model was 0.746. CONCLUSION: The combination of multiple ultrasound techniques to evaluate the vulnerability of carotid plaque and predict the occurrence of acute stroke provides valuable information for clinical decision making.
Upregulated Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy May Perform a Key Role in Reduced Cancer Incidence in Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Hasholt Lis Frydenreich
Published: October 2023

Incidence of cancer is markedly reduced in patients with the hereditary neurodegenerative polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases. We have very poor knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanisms, but the expanded polyQ sequence is assumed to play a central role, because it is common to the respective disease related proteins. The inhibition seems to take place in all kinds of cells, because the lower cancer frequency applies to nearly all types of tumors and is not related with the characteristic pathological changes in specific brain tissues. Further, the cancer repressing mechanisms appear to be active early in life including in pre-symptomatic and early phase polyQ patients. Autophagy plays a central role in clearing proteins with expanded polyQ tracts, and autophagy modulation has been demonstrated and particularly investigated in Huntington’s disease (HD). Macroautophagy may be dysfunctional due to defects in several steps of the process, whereas increased chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) has been shown in HD patients, cell and animal models. Recently, CMA is assumed to play a key role in prevention of cellular transformation of normal cells into cancer cells. Investigations of normal cells from HD and other polyQ carriers could therefore add further insight into the protective mechanisms of CMA in tumorigenesis, and be important for development of autophagy based strategies to prevent malignant processes leading to cancer and neurodegeneration.
Longitudinal Course of Long Finger Flexor Shortening in Males with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Houwen-van Opstal Saskia L.S. , van der Holst Menno , Willemsen Michel A.A.P. , Niks Erik H. , De Groot Imelda. J.M. , Cup Edith H.C.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Shortening of the long finger flexors (Flexor Digitorum Profundus, FDPs) in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) causes reduced hand function. Until now, longitudinal studies on the natural course of the shortening of the FDPs are lacking, which impedes recommendations on timing and evaluation of preventive measures.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the longitudinal course of the FDP length during different disease stages focusing on symmetry, timing, and decline of the FDP length.

METHODS:

A retrospective, longitudinal multicenter study was conducted in the Radboud university medical center and the Leiden university medical center. The FDP outcome was measured using goniometry and gross motor function was assessed using the Brooke score. Longitudinal mixed model analyses were used to describe the course of the FDP outcome, and to investigate symmetry in both hands.

RESULTS:

Data on 534 visits of 197 males (age ranged 4–48 years) showed that in the ambulatory stages the FDP outcome was within a normal range. The mean decline in FDP outcome is 3.5 degrees per year, the biggest decline was seen in Brooke 5 (>15 degrees per year). In Brooke 4, 41% of the FDP outcome was < 40 degrees. No significant differences were found between right and left.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study supports the consideration of preventive measures to delay shortening of the FDPs in DMD patients transitioning to a Brooke scale of 4 or higher. Besides, natural history of FDP outcome has been established, which provides a base to evaluate (preventive) interventions.
Relationship between self-esteem and employment in people with severe mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Deng Jiaxuan , Sarraf Lisa , Hotte-Meunier Adèle , Sauvé Geneviève
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: Results from past research on the association between work outcomes and self-esteem were inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to review and quantify the correlation between employment variables and self-esteem in people with severe mental illness. METHOD: The first electronic database search was performed between November 5 and November 12, 2021. A second search update was completed in September 2023. Studies that reported a correlation between at least one employment-related variable and self-esteem were subsequently verified. Pooled effect sizes were calculated with random-effects models by aggregating Fisher’s Z-to-Pearson r transformed correlations. RESULTS: The database search generated 3,547 reports. Thirteen and seven reports were included in the qualitative review and the meta-analyses, respectively. Meta-analyses results based on data from 1,065 participants suggested a positive albeit small correlation between employment variables and self-esteem in people with severe mental illness (r = 0.26, p = .002 for global self-esteem; r = 0.21, p < 0.001 for total self-esteem). It was found through systematic review that greater confidence in personal capacity, more opportunities on novel activities, and positive affirmation from coworkers were some potential mechanisms underlying self-esteem improvement following work. CONCLUSION: Future research on employment in severe mental illness would benefit from including adapted self-esteem measures and can build on this work by examining the relationships between specific employment variables (e.g., job acquisition, job tenure) and self-esteem.
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and prostate cancer severity
Authors: Sciacca Salvatore , Lo Giudice Arturo , Asmundo Maria Giovanna , Cimino Sebastiano , Alshatwi Ali A. , Morgia Giuseppe , Ferro Matteo , Russo Giorgio Ivan
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a significant health concern, and its incidence and prevalence are influenced by various lifestyle factors, including diet. In recent years, the Mediterranean diet has gained popularity due to its potential health benefits and associations with reduced risk for various diseases. However, the impact of the Mediterranean diet on PCa remains a topic of debate.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this study was to test the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and PCa severity.

METHODS:

Background, clinical and dietary information (from food frequency questionnaires) were collected from 118 consecutive patients attending a university hospital in Southern Italy. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to test the associations.

RESULTS:

Patients reporting higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet were less likely to have more at risk PCa both when comparing intermediate/high vs. low risk and high vs. intermediate /low risk PCa (OR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.85 and OR = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.31, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

In conclusion, higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet may be associated with a clinically less severe clinical PCa.
Extrinsic feedback facilitates mental chronometry abilities in stroke patients
Authors: Stuerner Jana , Sehle Aida , Liepert Joachim
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: Motor imagery (MI) can serve as a treatment for stroke rehabilitation. MI abilities can be assessed by testing mental chronometry (MC) as the degree of conformity between imagined and real performance of a task. A good MC performance is supposed to indicate good MI capacities. OBJECTIVE: To explore if MC abilities can be modified by extrinsic feedback in stroke patients. METHODS: 60 subacute stroke patients were randomized into three groups. MC was evaluated by executing a modified version of the Box and Block Test (BBT) mentally and in real before and after a training session. For Groups 1 and 2 the training consisted of repeated performance of the BBT in a mental and then a real version. The time needed to complete each task was measured. Only participants of Group 1 received feedback about how well mental and real performance matched. Group 3 executed the same number of BBTs but without MI. RESULTS: MC ability only improved in Group 1. The improvement lasted for at least 24 hours. In all groups, BBT real performance was improved post-training. CONCLUSION: External feedback was able to enhance MC capability which might be an approach for improving MI abilities.