bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tingkat Prokrastinasi Akademik Peserta Didik pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMP Negeri 2 Ampek Nagari Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Maulana Dessy , Alfurqan Alfurqan
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat perilaku peserta didik yang rawan prokrastinasi akademik ditinjau dari segi functional procrastination dan disfunctional procrastination pada mata pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam di SMP Negeri 2 Ampek Nagari Kabupaten Agam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuntitatif deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP Negeri 2 Ampek Nagari dengan jumlah 422 siswa dengan sampel 205 orang. Instrumen penelitian ini berupa kuesioner atau angket berdasarkan skala likert. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode statistik dengan metode persentase yang dilakukan setelah semua tanggapan diterima. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat prokrastinasi akademik peserta didik pada umumnya berada pada tingkat yang tinggi. Peserta didik, yang menunjukkan tingkat penundaan akademik yang tinggi dalam menyelesaikan tugas yang diberikan. Tingkat prokrastinasi akademik peserta didik tinggi dalam hal tugas tertulis. Aspek tugas persiapan ujian tingkat prokrastinasi akademik peserta didik berada pada klasifikasi tingkat menengah. Tingkat prokrastinasi akademik peserta didik yang terkait dengan membaca dinilai sedang. Aspek tugas administrasi tingkat prokrastinasi akademik peserta didik berada pada kategori tinggi dan aspek tugas kehadiran kelas, tingkat prokrastinasi akademik peserta didik berada pada kategori sedang.
Hubungan Kematangan Emosi dengan Kepuasan Pernikahan pada Istri yang Bekerja di Kota Bukittinggi
Authors: Monica Serly , Ningsih Yuninda Tria
Published: June 2023

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melihat hubungan kematangan emosi dengan kepuasan pernikahan pada istri yang bekerja di kota Bukittinggi. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu istri yang bekerja di kota Bukittinggi dengan jumlah 97 orang. Teknik sampel yang digunakan berupa teknik accidental sampling.  Nilai reliabilitas pada alat ukur penelitian ini yaitu kematangan emosi sebesar 0,88 dan kepuasan pernikahan sebesar 0,93. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu correlation pearson product moment. Nilai r = 0,383 dengan nilai p = 0,00 (p < 0,05) yang artinya terdapat hubungan pada variabel kematangan emosi dan kepuasan pernikahan. Diketahui terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara kematangan emosi dengan kepuasan pernikahan pada istri yang bekerja di kota Bukittinggi.
Gambaran Self-Esteem terhadap Generasi Z yang Mengunjungi Coffee Shop di Kota Bukittinggi
Authors: Selfia Mela , Adri Zakwan
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat tingkat harga diri generasi muda atau yang dikenal dengan generasi z, yang lahir sesudah generasi milenial yang mengunjungi coffee shop. Coffee shop yang ramai dilingkungan saat ini. Metode penelitian yaitu dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan indigenous. Subjek penelitian ini adalah generasi z dari usia 19-23 tahun yang mengunjungi coffee shop sebanyak 121 responden. Hasil dari penelitian menyatakan bahwa banyak nya anak muda generasi z yang mengunjungi coffee shop, karena tempat dan suasana cafe yang nyaman dengan persentase 55, 37%,  menikmati kopi dengan persentase 23, 14%, dan trend di kalangan muda dengan persentase 40, 49% ada beberapa yang tidak suka kopi tapi tempatnya nyaman sehingga tertarik ke coffee shop. Penelitian ini dapat menunjukkan bahwa kalangan muda terkhusus generasi z saat ini yang mengunjungi coffee shop untuk mengikuti trend, agar dapat di terima lingkungan sosial.
CONSUMO DE SUBSTÂNCIAS PSICOATIVAS POR PROFISSIONAIS MÉDICOS DE UM HOSPITAL DE ALTA COMPLEXIDADE
Authors: Astrês Fernandes Márcia , Pereira da Rocha Eukália , Silva Barbosa Nanielle , Alves de Alencar Ribeiro Amanda , Cardoso Costa Ana Paula , Carvalho Rosa Jordana , Castelo Branco de Oliveira Ana Lívia , Pereira Ribeiro Ítalo Arão
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: analisar o consumo de substâncias psicoativas por médicos de um hospital de alta complexidade do estado do Piauí. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 90 profissionais médicos. A coleta dos dados ocorreu entre dezembro de 2018 e julho de 2019, por meio de questionário semiestruturado, composto por variáveis sociodemográficas, ocupacionais e relacionadas à saúde e ao consumo de substâncias psicoativas, além dos instrumentos Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test e o Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, odds ratio, teste de qui-quadrado e teste de correlação de Pearson. Resultados: Dentre as substâncias psicoativas mais consumidas, destacou-se o álcool (94%). Dentre as ilícitas, verificou-se o uso de maconha (97,6%) e inalantes (97,6%). Quanto às motivações para o consumo de substâncias psicoativas, o uso recreativo (57,7%) e para relaxamento (26,6%) foram mais prevalentes; em relação ao contexto, predominou o uso para descanso (48,8%). De modo geral, os participantes apresentaram baixo risco para o consumo de substâncias psicoativas. Conclusão: O comportamento de risco identificado direciona a atenção para demandas e necessidades de cuidado em saúde mental. Importa considerar que médicos estão expostos a contextos de estresse e adoecimento em decorrência dos fatores de risco ocupacionais presentes no ambiente laboral, bem como das rotinas exaustivas, resultado de longas jornadas de trabalho e múltiplos vínculos empregatícios.  Assim, emerge a necessidade de fortalecer o círculo de proteção em saúde do trabalhador voltado ao enfrentamento da problemática
Strengthen Constitutional Court’s Decision as Political Legal Perspective in Legislative Branch
Authors: Sumodiningrat Aprilian
Published: June 2023

The disobedience of the Constitutional Court’s decisions is founded in the law-making processes that contradict the decision. Those disobediences have been intentional in some cases. This paper aims to discuss reinforcing the implementation of the Constitutional Court decision, especially in law-making processes. There are two research questions: First, what is the urgency to emphasize the decision in law-making processes? Second, what is the solution to the disobedience of the decision? This research uses normative juridical research methods with a conceptual approach to analyze those issues. This study provides: first, the obstacles to enforcing the Constitutional Court decision and strengthens the decision to bond the legislative branch. Second, the solution to the disobedience phenomenon is also interpreted as a commitment to encourage awareness of the legislative branch. The other solution is to put the constitutional court’s decision in the Law Making Act as one of the considerations in the law-making process.
SOLVING OF SENSE PROBLEMS IN THE LIFE COMPETENCE OF PERSONALITY
Authors:   G.S. Kostiyk Institute of Psychology, Chepeleva Natalia
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the article: to show that the personality life competence is determined by the development of the personality ability to pose and solve sense problems that arise in complex, unpredictable life situations. Life competence is interpreted as a personality property that provides a productive solution of life problems. Those problems arise before a person throughout his life. It requires interpretation, analysis and comprehension of situations in which a person finds himself. First of all, we are talking about critical, traumatic and unpredictable situations. This leads to an awareness of the situations problematic nature and the transformation of certain problem situations into a problem, first of all, a sense problem. One of the important prerequisites for a person independent formulation of a sense life problem is the creation of a psychological situation, that is, the transfer of the external situation into the internal plan by means of its analysis, interpretation and understanding. The most typical problems that appear before a person, causing the emergence of certain psychological situations, are the problem of the life sense and life perspective, which causes the emergence of an existential situation; a personality problem and, accordingly, a personality psychological situation and a situation of interaction with others, which prompts the emergence of a social situation. The specified problems appear in the form of external and internal obstacles that complicate the activity, prevent the achievement of the goal, satisfaction of needs, etc. The stages of transformation of a problematic situation into a problem itself are characterized - from a problematization to a solution, even if the solution is not completely effective and requires from a person to continue to analyze the situation and to pose independently new life problems.
التحليل المكاني لكفاءة خدمات ماء الأسالة في مدينة الكوت
Authors: عبد الغني مجيد الكاظمي م.م. منى , ،     عبد المناف رحيم ،     أ.م.د. لمى
Published: June 2023

أدت الزيادة السكانية في جميع المدن العراقية بصورة عامة إلى زيادة الطلب على الخدمات ولاسيما خدمات البنى التحتية لأنها الخدمات الاساسية التي لابد من توافرها للسكان، وبذلك ظهرت الحاجة الملحة إلى تنميتها الذي يتناسب مع حجم ونمو السكان ومع التطور العلمي والتكنلوجي الذي يشهده العالم، إذ هدف البحث  دراسة التوزيع المكاني لخدمات الماء في مدينة الكوت، والتعرف على مدى كفاءتها، فضلاً عن دراسة الحاجة الحالية والفعلية للمدينة من تلك الخدمات وفق المعايير التخطيطية المعتمدة من قبل وزارة التخطيط في العراق، ثم وضع رؤيا مستقبلية لتطوير هذه الخدمات وتحقيق التنمية المستدامة.

     توصل البحث الى وجود قصور وعجز في تقديم الخدمة وعدم كفاءتها مع عدد السكان، وعدم مطابقتها مع المعايير التخطيطية، اذ بينت نتائج البحث ان مقدار العجز في كمية الماء المنتجة والمتوفرة حاليا قد بلغ (59045000 لتر/ اليوم)، كما ظهر هناك عجز في حصة الفرد وفي عدد ومساحة محطات الماء الحالية، مما تطلب الامر وضع جملة من الحلول الآنية والمستقبلية لمعالجة النقص الحاصل في هذه الخدمة وتطويرها.
Belalang dalam Al-Qur’an dan Hadits
Authors: Kahby Icha Ayunita
Published: June 2023

Belalang adalah serangga herbivora yang termasuk dalam ordo Orthoptera dan merupakan subordo Caelifera. Beberapa spesies belalang biasanya menghasilkan suara dengan menggosokkan femur belakangnya terhadap sayap depan atau abdomen, atau dengan kepakan sayapnya saat terbang. Beberapa spesies belalang yang hidup di tempat yang memiliki rumput dan tanaman rendah, sedangkan beberapa spesies lainnya hidup di tebing, tanah, dan bebatuan lembap yang berlumut dan memakan lumut. Belalang adalah sejenis serangga yang termasuk dalam kategori bangkai yang halal dimakan, seperti halnya ikan ketika mati. Allah swt. menjelaskan bahwa orang-orang kafir yang mereka lawan akan menerima balasan dan hisab. Mereka akan dikeluarkan dari kubur mereka dengan cepat, seolah-olah mereka adalah belalang yang berhamburan di padang mahsyar untuk memisahkan dan mencampur satu sama lain. Belalang adalah hewan yang berfungsi sebagai predator alami dari berbagai jenis serangga, memakan hewan dan material organik nabati dan hewani, memakan organ tumbuhan hidup dan mati, dan memakan organisme mati atau bangkai. Belalang memiliki banyak nutrisi bermanfaat.
El proceso de reformas de Vietnam a partir de 1986
Authors: Calveira Martín
Published: June 2023

El presente trabajo analiza el proceso de transformación de la Republica Socialista de Vietnam iniciado en la década de 1980 a partir de reformas estructurales incluidas en el programa denominado Doi Moi (Renovación). Ese conjunto de medidas integrales tuvieron resultados notablemente favorables en términos de crecimiento económico y desarrollo productivo y social. En ese sentido la gestión de los cambios fue convergente con los objetivos de Productividad Inclusiva, principalmente al observar la inversión en capital humano derivado del énfasis en la educación.
Preference Tests in Applied Animal Settings: A Systematic Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Turner Jessica Thea , Whittaker Alexandra Louise , McLelland David , Fernandez Eduardo
Published: June 2023

Review question/ Objective: How have stimulus preference tests been designed in applied animal settings? The objective is to examine how repeated tests of stimulus choices are designed in non-laboratory captive animal environments. A focus of this review will be the type of preference test used (e.g. paired-choice), stimulus items used (e.g. food items), the setting (e.g. Zoo), the taxa of animal (e.g. canids), and the type of data collected (e.g. latency). Inclusion criteria: The inclusion criteria include primary, peer-reviewed articles on captive animals, utilising a repeated measurement of preferences of two or more stimuli or events in an applied captive setting (i.e., outside of laboratory conditions or the field). The items must be external stimuli or events. Methods: An online search of Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus will be conducted. In addition, a supplementary Google Scholar search will be added. The Google Scholar search is to ensure the comprehensive collection of relevant peer-reviewed studies.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN AKTIF DALAM BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Prasiti Tiffani Indah
Published: June 2023

Belajar merupakan salah satu ilmu yang paling lama berkembang, baik isi maupun perilakunya. Pesatnya perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi berdampak besar terhadap perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi berdampak besar terhadap perkembangan dunia pendidikan, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Oleh karena itu, kualitas Pendidikan harus ditingkatkan. Sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam UUD 1945: agar pemerintah untuk mengusahakan dan menyelenggarakan satu system Pendidikan nasional yang meningkatkan keimanan dan ketakwaan serta akhlak mulia dalam rangka mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa yang diatur dalam undang-undang.
KEMAMPUAN BELAJAR MATA KULIAH TEORI SASTRA MAHASISWA LAKI-LAKI ANGKATAN 2021 PENDIDIKAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA UNIVERSITAS RIAU
Authors: Ersyandi Arief
Published: June 2023

Pada hakikatnya pendidikan merupakan suatu upaya membantu manusia agar mampu menciptakan karakter diri dan mampu melakukan berbagai hal sesuai dengan nilai dan norma yang berlaku (Bidayah, 2019). Kelas yang baik dapat menciptakan situasi yang memungkinkan siswa belajar sehingga merupakan titik awal keberhasilan pengajaran. Saat pembelajaran berhasil peserta didik akan mampu mencapai tujuan pembelajaran dengan baik.
Differential expression of CTSC in cancer of the skin: malignant melanoma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2023

Skin cancer is diagnosed in nearly 1.5 million patients each year (1). While patients with basal and squamous cell carcinomas are provided with 5-year survival rates at nearly 100% and 90%, respectively, patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma (metastatic melanoma) are provided 5-year survival rates at 91.4% at stage I and 24.6% at stage IV (2-5). We mined public and published microarray datasets (6, 7) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the deadliest type of skin cancer, malignant melanoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding cathepsin C, CTSC, when comparing melanoma cell line gene expression to normal human melanocytes. CTSC mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in melanoma cell cultures as compared to normal melanocytes. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of CTSC in melanoma tissues was correlated with overall survival in patients with malignant melanoma. CTSC expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of malignant melanoma in humans.
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE
Authors: Darmawati Besse
Published: June 2023

This chapter tries to elaborate how important communication competence is, and displays an American cultural overview to be connected to other countries in order to make effective communication and avoid misunderstanding of concepts and contents of communication.
Differential expression of SPRED2 in cancer of the skin: malignant melanoma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2023

Skin cancer is diagnosed in nearly 1.5 million patients each year (1). While patients with basal and squamous cell carcinomas are provided with 5-year survival rates at nearly 100% and 90%, respectively, patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma (metastatic melanoma) are provided 5-year survival rates at 91.4% at stage I and 24.6% at stage IV (2-5). We mined public and published microarray datasets (6, 7) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the deadliest type of skin cancer, malignant melanoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding sprouty-related EVH1 domain-containing 2, SPRED2, when comparing melanoma cell line gene expression to normal human melanocytes. SPRED2 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in melanoma cell cultures as compared to normal melanocytes. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of SPRED2 in melanoma tissues was not correlated with overall survival in patients with malignant melanoma. SPRED2 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of malignant melanoma in humans.
Strategi pengembangan potensi guru terhadap pembelajaran kurikulum Merdeka
Authors: Meilisafitri
Published: June 2023

Pendidikan merupakan salah satu Teknik untuk manusia bertahan hidup, hal ini dibuktikan bahwa manusia harus menyesuaikan dirinya dengan semua perkembangan zaman. Undang-undang nomor 20 tahun 2003 mengungkapkan yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan potensi siswa agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertakwa kepada tuhan yang maha esa, serta kreatif, mandiri, bertanggung jawab dan menjadi warga negara yang demokratis, untuk mencapai itu semua perlu media yang dapat mencapai Pendidikan.
KEMAMPUAN BELAJAR MATA KULIAH TEORI SASTRA MAHASISWA LAKI-LAKI ANGKATAN 2021 PENDIDIKAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA UNIVERSITAS RIAU
Authors: Ersyandi Arief
Published: June 2023

Pada hakikatnya pendidikan merupakan suatu upaya membantu manusia agar mampu menciptakan karakter diri dan mampu melakukan berbagai hal sesuai dengan nilai dan norma yang berlaku (Bidayah, 2019). Kelas yang baik dapat menciptakan situasi yang memungkinkan siswa belajar sehingga merupakan titik awal keberhasilan pengajaran. Saat pembelajaran berhasil peserta didik akan mampu mencapai tujuan pembelajaran dengan baik.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif.
GIS-Based Modelling of Soil Erosion Risk categories County Antrim, Northern Ireland
Authors: Smillie Zeinab
Published: June 2023

Soil erosion is one of the major global concerns. Such a process can occur naturally, at different rates. However, under extreme conditions, soil erosion can accelerate and present a risk to ecosystems, loss of food supply (loss of agricultural lands), and lead to episodic landslides.The present study employs Geographic Information Systems and functions to predict possible risks connected to soil erosion based on the knowledge of topographical data, average rainfall, soil types and landcover data. The study combines different risk factors to produce different models. Different risk maps were produced to better visualise the spatial distribution of soil erosion risk categories. The influence of ground slope, rainfall and soil texture was evident via the models. The addition of the landcover factor hugely modified the risk categories distribution. It is clear that some habitats, such as wetlands and forests, can increase soil stability and reduce soil erosion risk.
Seismic Stratigraphy of Contourite Drift Deposits Associated with the Loop Current on the Eastern Campeche Bank, Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Lowery Christopher , Perez Cruz Ligia , Urrutia Fucugauchi Jaime , Wei Jingxuan , Austin James , Standring Patricia
Published: June 2023

The Loop Current is a key component of global circulation via the northward transport of warm, salty water and an important influence on Gulf of Mexico hydrography. Understanding how the Loop Current will respond to ongoing anthropogenic warming is critically important, but the history of the Loop Current is poorly known. Here, we present the results of a high resolution (3-8 m) multichannel seismic survey of pelagic carbonate sediment drifts on the eastern Campeche Bank associated with the Loop Current. We identify three seismic megasequences: Megasequence A is a Lower Cretaceous carbonate platform, Megasequence B comprises Cretaceous to lower Cenozoic pelagic carbonates with weak/no contour current flow, and Megasequence C comprises a series of large (100s of m thick) contourite drifts representing the inception and history of the Loop Current. The base of the contourites is marked by a regionally mappable unconformity eroding underling strata, sometimes incising hundreds of meters. The drifts contain a succession of sequence sets separated from each other by regional unconformities and comprising plastered drifts and massive mounded drifts, which characterize modern deposition with active moats on the seafloor. A lack of sediment cores in the study area precludes age determination of these drifts, except for the youngest (Late Pleistocene). Comparison to legacy seismic lines across Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 95, outside our study area, implies that the base of Megasequence C is Oligocene in age, and that the Loop Current developed during the global reorganization of ocean circulation around the Eocene-Oligocene Transition.
The prevalence of comorbid mental health difficulties in young people with chronic skin conditions: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Flinn Clodagh , McInerney Amy , Nearchou Finiki
Published: June 2023

Chronic skin conditions can have psychosocial and somatic implications, influencing well-being and quality of life. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence on the prevalence of comorbid mental health difficulties in young people up to 25 years old with chronic skin conditions. A secondary aim included identifying factors associated with resilience. Four databases were searched. Forty-one studies met the eligibility criteria and were included for narrative synthesis. Quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist. Separate meta-analyses were performed for each outcome (non-diagnosed mental health conditions; diagnosed mental health conditions; suicidal behaviour; socio-emotional and behavioural difficulties) including only studies of moderate–high quality. The pooled prevalence of non-diagnosed conditions was 22.6% (95% CI=18.9–26.7); of diagnosed conditions was 2.4% (95% CI=0.1–2.8); of suicidal behaviour was 14.5% (95% CI=11.2%–18.6%); of socio-emotional and behavioural difficulties was 20.9% (95% CI=14.7%–28.8%). Subgroup analysis suggested a higher prevalence of mental health difficulties for atopic dermatitis and eczema. Findings demonstrate the pooled prevalence of comorbid mental health difficulties in young people with chronic skin conditions. In order to address the impact of chronic skin conditions on youth mental health, clinicians should be equipped to screen and discuss mental well-being in clinical practice with young patients.
Editorial Independence is Dead, Long Live Editorial Independence: Principles, Compliance, and Recommendations
Authors: Bhui Kamaldeep , O'Brien Aileen , Upthegrove Rachel , Tsai Alexander , Soomro Mustafa , Newton-Howes Giles , Broome Matthew R , Forrester Andrew , Casey Patricia , Doherty Anne , Lee William , Kaufman Ken
Published: June 2023

Editorial Independence is an essential principle in scientific publishing, protecting the content from undue influence beyond the scientific data. This involves assurances around research integrity, publications ethics, combatting undue influence from journal owners, and improving on research practices including peer review and declarations and management of conflicts of interest. In reality, there are many examples of these principles not being followed, and no formal regulator or mechanism to optimise other than through voluntary efforts of editors and journal owners. We set out some of the fundamental principles and challenges to editorial independence and propose protections and recommendations to improve practice, policy, values, and regulation.
Does bargaining power impact the citizen's willingness to report corruption? An experimental study of harassment bribery.
Authors: Shcherbiak Anna
Published: June 2023

Using a lab-in-the-field experiment, I examine whether higher bargaining power increases citizens’ willingness to report instances of bribe solicitation. Previous research suggested that access to higher initial endowment reduces the relative cost of reporting, which, in turn, signals a threat of punishment to the corrupt officials deterring them from engagement. While I do not find evidence for the effectiveness of higher bargaining power in deterring bribes, there is a significant negative relationship between the citizen’s endowment level and their willingness to report. Results reveal that highly endowed individuals are less likely to spend their resources to exert bottom-up pressure on corrupt officials, thereby failing to hold them accountable.
Development of Silica Based Nanohybrids from Self-Assembled Biotemplates for Targeted Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Drugs to Tumor Cells
Authors: Sortino Rachel
Published: June 2023

In this work, silica based, nanohybrid assemblies were developed using nanoscale assemblies formed from the natural biosynthetic intermediate chlorogenic acid (CGA) to create targeted drug delivery vehicles for the antitumor drugs Topotecan and Oxaliplatin. Before developing silica based hybrids, the growth and self-assembly of CGA and its metabolite Quinic Acid (QA) was first examined in aqueous solutions at varying pH values. In general, acidic to neutral conditions resulted in the formation of self-assembled nanovesicles, while fibrillar nanoassemblies were formed under basic conditions. Furthermore, CGA assemblies were observed to maintain free radical scavenging ability, indicating their potential use in the treatment of cancer as an antioxidant. To specifically target cancer cells, we functionalized the formed assemblies with a newly developed tumor targeting peptide sequence AVNTANSTGSLVHC. We then tested the efficiency of the nanoassemblies as drug delivery vehicles by examining encapsulation efficiency and release profiles of two diverse anticancer drugs Topotecan (TPT) and Oxaliplatin (OXP). While TPT showed moderate encapsulation efficiency, OXP showed relatively low encapsulation efficiency. Of the two drugs, TPT showed a more sustained drug release profile. To increase the encapsulation efficiency and release profile of the drug, we then grew highly biocompatible silicate nanoshells using the CGA nanoassemblies as templates. To specifically target cancer cells, we then functionalized the formed silicate hybrids with the same tumor targeting peptide sequence as before. The encapsulation efficiency of TPT was found to increase for assemblies with silica nanoshells for both fibrillar and vesicular silicate assemblies. In general, the vesicular assemblies had an initial burst release after ten minutes followed by a sustained release up to 72 hours, while the silicate nanofibrillar assemblies showed a slow, sustained release. The porosity of the materials was also tested to examine the effect of porosity on drug release. To test cell-targeting ability of the peptide bound assemblies, cell viability and proliferation studies were carried out in the presence of non-cancerous mammalian chondrocyte cells and mouse breast cancer cells. Our results from optical microscopy as well as cell proliferation assays indicated that while chondrocytes continued to grow in the presence of the both the CGA and QA constructs with and without the silica nanoshells, tumor cells showed blebbing and their proliferation was significantly reduced in the presence of the drug-loaded constructs. More promising results were seen for the CGA assemblies. Thus, we have developed a new family of silicate based nanoassemblies capable of selective targeting of tumor cells. Such assemblies derived from natural, anti-oxidant, polyphenols such as CGA may create new paths for the formation of drug delivery vehicles capable of targeted delivery.
Coolie from Marxist Perspective in Mulk Raj Anand’s Coolie
Authors: Adhikari Bina
Published: June 2023

The aim of this article is to analyze critically about Mulk Raj Anand's novel Coolie from Marxist perspective. Although Marxist theory of literature developed out of Marx’s and Engel's general remarks concerning culture, art and literature in relation to their discussion about social economic and political questions as a literary theory. So Marxist criticism can be taken as the twentieth century phenomenon. Coolie is a great work of art and a number of themes and ideas have been woven into its texture. However, its central theme is the exploitation of the poor and the under-privileged by the forces of capitalism, industrialism and colonialism. This theme had been studied in depth with reference to Munoo, a poor, helpless orphan, who is denied his fundamental right to life and happiness, who is exploited and made to suffer, till he dies of consumption.  Munoo is not the only victim of such exploitation, the novelist makes it quite clear, that such exploitation and denial of life and happiness is the lot of the poor everywhere in India, whether in villages or big cities like Daulatpur and Bombay. The lot of the poor is equally wretched and miserable whether in rural or urban India.
The Interplay of Class Struggle and Human Relationships in G. G Marquez’s Love in the Time of Cholera
Authors: Neupane Khagendra
Published: June 2023

Gabriel Garcia Marquez in his Love in the Time of Cholera explores complex themes of social injustice, class struggle, and alienation in a Spanish colonial town located along the Caribbean coast of Colombia. He uses a masterful blend of magical realism, vivid imagery, and insightful prose to offer a poignant portrayal of the societal inequalities that plague the town and its inhabitants. At the centre of the novel's narrative are the two young lovers, Florentino and Fermina, who are separated by their social classes. Fermina's father expects her to marry Urbino, a man who can elevate their family's social status.

Marquez illustrates how Florentino, despite his deep love for Fermina, is confined by his lower social class and thus must work tirelessly to amass wealth with the help of his uncle. This struggle for social mobility is a powerful commentary on the constraints that exist within the town's social hierarchy. Throughout the novel, Marquez aptly captures the complex interplay between social classes and the effects they have on individuals. He shows how societal expectations and constraints can tear individuals apart and how class consciousness can have a devastating impact on human relationships. The power dynamics in the society are portrayed with great sensitivity, and the author offers a stark reminder of the injustices that exist in the society.

The novel is also rich in symbolism, which adds another layer of meaning to the narrative. The image of cholera, which permeates the novel, serves as a metaphor for the moral decay and sickness that exist within the town's social hierarchy. The character of Fermina also serves as an embodiment of the struggle against social conventions and the desire for personal freedom. The text offers a profound commentary on the human condition. Marquez's insightful understanding of social inequality and the effects of class consciousness on individuals is masterfully portrayed in the novel.
The Lived Experiences of Students and Teachers with Disability in Keller’s and Wright’s Autobiographical Works
Authors: Budhathoki Mahendra Kumar
Published: June 2023

The study explores the lived experiences of students and teachers with disabilities inside schools/colleges while pursuing their studies and working in Hellen Keller’s The Story of My Life and Mary Herring Wright’s Sounds Like Home: Growing up Black and Deaf in the South. This study inquires what they have experienced and how they have made meanings from the campus phenomena. This research has utilized the disability studies theory, specially based on Alice Hall and Tobin Siebers, to interpret the selected autobiographical texts, and note-taking technique has been used to collect the required information from the autobiographical texts. The findings of the study are that the school/college infrastructures, practices, the executives’ attitudes are unfriendly, hostile and adverse to the students and teachers with disabilities while pursuing studies and working at schools/colleges. They suggest that the executives, administrators and other physically normal teachers and students can create the disabled-friendly physical, academic and social environment at the educational institutions if they slightly modify their attitudes and practices, and eliminate their conscious negligence to the needs of the disabled. The findings of the study can motivate the executives to enable physical and social (attitudes and practices) environment and service delivery, address the needs and demands of the disabled, and manage the required sources/materials and performance assessment system in schools/campuses.
American Exceptionalism, and Jasmine’s Agency and Self-identity in Bharati Mukherjee’s Jasmine
Authors: Baral Pawan
Published: June 2023

The paper examines the development of Jasmine’s agency and self-identity in her all avatars – Jyoti, Jasmine, Jazzy, Jane and Jase – during her odyssey from Hasnapur to Iowa. Drawing and departing different critics and thinkers like James W. Ceaser, Johannes Thimm, and Stephen M. Walt, it shows whether American ideology fortifies her becomingness of a self-willed female protagonist in her troublesome life experience of poverty, exile and immigration. Hence, the paper argues that her the agency and self-identity to act on her own freewill remains all the same even to the end despite being exposed to the American ideals of liberty, egalitarianism, individualism, republicanism, democracy and laissez faire economics. American exposure does not significantly change her determination and spirit that she has shown while boldly denying the prediction of her widowhood and exile by shouting at the astrologer. Hence, the paper argues that her the agency and self-identity to act on her own freewill remains all the same even to the end.
The Impact of Western Civilization on Forests in Barkskins
Authors: Shrestha Ravi Kumar
Published: June 2023

This research article very critically scrutinizes how forests in North America are devastated by the growing human civilization. It deals with ecological degradation in an American novelist Annie Proulx’s novel Barkskins whose location is North America. In course of analysing the novel critically, the article describes how Barkskins revolves round the story of white colonists and indigenous Indians in North America or today’s Canada. Firstly, it reveals how two families: Sel family (a poor biracial family of French and Mi’kmaq) that cuts trees and Duke family (rich French family) that does business of fur are linked to trees and deforestation. Secondly, the article focuses on the impact of western civilization on forests regarding forests as the antagonist to western civilization. Western colonialism is also a vehicle of civilization that causes deforestation. Due to civilization, humanism is developed. So, anthropocentric nature of people causes deforestation. Thirdly, European civilization has a negative impact on Indigenous people and their culture. Apparently, forests are shown as a symbol of darkness, evil forces, backwardness and an obstacle for human progress, but in the name of civilization, whites do deforestation due to their greed of colonization and anthropocentric nature. Hence, the first objective of the research is to explore why the whites regard forests as the antagonist to civilization. Likewise, the second objective of the article is to discover the real cause of them to do deforestation.  Besides, as for the broad theoretical methodology, Greg Garrard’s theory of Ecocriticism is applied for the textual analysis of Barkskins since the article deals with the ecological destruction of North America by whites and ecocriticism has emerged as a response to the heavy damage done to ecology by human beings.
Matter, Motion, and Laws of Motion of Matter
Authors: Khatri Tilak Bahadur
Published: June 2023

This article explores fundamental properties inherent in matter. It is relevant to identifying the role of matter over human consciousness and the development of the universe. The article addresses the research problems concerning the primacy of matter or consciousness, mutability or the immutability of the matter, and law-abided or random motion of matter. The article deals with the research problems through the review-based analysis of the dialectical materialistic critique of the basic properties of matter. The article reveals that matter is primary over consciousness and there is nothing immutable in the universe. Motion is inherent in a matter and it is law-abided. There are two contradictory aspects inside a thing and the unity between them is relative and the struggle is absolute. A thing comes to its qualitative change through its quantitative change and the qualitative change leads the thing to new quantitative change for the new qualitative change. The thing moves to a new stage of development negating the old one and after several negations, there is the repetition of the first one. This repetition does not signify just the replacement of the old one, but it will be more advanced both in quantity and quality.
تأثير التحسين المستمر في تحقيق المسؤولية الاجتماعية: دراسة تحليلية في وزارة النقل والمواصلات
Authors: محمد باقر ناصر  , أ.د.كاظم احمد جواد
Published: June 2023

Weakness in achieving social responsibility that business organizations in general and the organization in question in particular should have a role in achieving because of its great importance to individuals in society on the one hand and enhancing the reputation and position of the organization on the other hand, and continuous improvement has an important role in achieving this because of the methods and mechanisms it includes Contribute to enabling business organizations to perform their tasks well. The research aims to study the impact of Continuous Improvement in achieving Social Responsibility by examining the correlation and statistical effect between the independent variable continuous improvement and the dependent variable social responsibility through its sub-dimensions (the economic dimension, the legal dimension, the social dimension, and the charitable dimension).  and the Ministry of Transport and Communications was chosen as a research community, and a sample of working individuals who occupy administrative and technical positions were selected to solicit their opinions. It was complete and statistically analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, and the research reached a number of conclusions and recommendations. The result is the existence of a correlation and impact relationship between continuous improvement and the dimensions of social responsibility. The most prominent recommendation was to pay more attention to continuous improvement because of its important role in achieving social responsibility.
Estimate the parameters of the ARMA model when the random error follows the two-parameter exponential distribution
Authors: رواء مالك حسوني  , أ.م.د علي ياسين غني
Published: June 2023

This research deals with one of the types of models suggested by Box Jenkins, which is the ARMA (1,1) mixed model. Which can deal with time series, whether stable or unstable. The model was reviewed and its functions defined when the random error follows the abnormal distribution, and the exponential distribution with two parameters, which is a continuous distribution, was used. The appropriate tests were presented for the study and the parameters of the ARMA (1,1) model were estimated by the greatest possibility method. The parameters of the two-parameter exponential distribution were also estimated by the (MLS) method, and because the system did not have a solution even when using numerical methods, the moment method was resorted to. A set of real data representing wind speed in Iraq was analyzed, showing the appropriateness of the distribution of the data and verifying that the series is almost stable. In diagnosing the model, it was found that the proposed model is ARMA (1,1).
اثر ازمة كورونا على المرأة العراقية
Authors: Laila Sebti Tohme  , P. Dr Wafaa Jaafar Al-Mahdawi
Published: June 2023

المشاركة الاقتصادية للمرأة تتأثر بمجموعة من المحددات ذات طابع اقتصادي واجتماعي موروث،  وكان الاعلان عن اول  اصابة بفيروس كورونا في 24 شباط عام 2020 ومعها دخل العراق في حالة تأهب لمواجهة  هذه الجائحة ، ونتيجة لارتفاع عدد الاصابات  والوفيات بسبب سرعة انتشار الوباء اتخذت الحكومة  العراقية جملة من الاجراءات الوقائية، من خلال غلق الحدود والمطارات فضلا عن تحديد الحركة عن طريق الحظر الكلي او الجزئي، وادت قرارات الاغلاق في توقف القطاعات في جميع انحاء البلاد، حيث  تأتي اهمية البحث من خلال السياسات والتدابير والبرامج والمبادرات المطلوبة من اجل دور اكبر للمرأة في اوقات الازمات، تبنت الدراسة فرضية مفادها ان تبني السياسات والاهداف والبرامج وفقا لمنظور النوع الاجتماعي من شانه ان يخفف من حدة تداعيات الازمة الصحية  على المرأة العراقية من اهم الاستنتاجات والتوصيات التي  تم التوصل  لها تُعد حقوق الإنسان المتغير الأكثر تأثراً بالأزمات في العراق, والأقوى تأثيراً في  حقوق المرأة وقد اسفرت هذه الازمات عن إنتهاكات حقوق الإنسان كافة, وذلك من خلال تدمير المقومات الأساسية لهذه الحقوق من خلال منع الناس من الحصول عليها, فضاعت الحقوق, وأُغفل الحق في التنمية كأساس لانطلاقة العمليات والخطط التنموية، وان الدعوة  الى الاسراع  بتشريع قانون العنف الاسري في البرلمان العراقي من اجل ضمان الوقاية والحماية وخدمات الاستجابة والتدابير القانونية للحد من كافة انواع العنف المبني على اساس النوع الاجتماعي.
Determinants of Rental Price for Retail Properties in Seoul
Authors:   Korea Real Estate Academy, Chun Haejung
Published: June 2023

1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the determinants of rental price for retail properties using macroeconomic variables. (2) RESEARCH METHOD This study conducted an empirical analysis of the determinants of rental price using the vector autoregressive model (VAR). The dependent variableis the rental price index for mid- and large-sized retail properties in Seoul, and the independent variables are macroeconomic variables such as corporate bond yields, the number of economically active population, and the amount of domestic construction orders. (3) RESEARCH FINDINGS As a result of the cointegration test, there was a long-term balance relationship between the variables, so it was analyzed using VECM. As a result of the impulse response response analysis, the amount of domestic construction orders and corporate bond yields in the retail rental price were negative (-), and the number of economically active population was positive (+). In addition, as a result of the variance decomposition analysis, it was analyzed that the impact of the corporate bond yield was the greatest when excluding the retail rental price itself from the retail rental price. 2. RESULTS An increase in the number of economically active population, a proxy variable of income and economic conditions, increases the rental price, and an increase in domestic construction orders, a proxy variable of supply, and an increase in corporate bond yields, a proxy variable of liquidity, decrease the rental price.
A Study on the Risk Factors and Management Plan of Knowledge Industry Center Development Project
Authors:   Korea Real Estate Academy, Lee Won Seok , Wi KyeYeon , Youn JiYeol
Published: June 2023

1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to preemptively explore the risk factors derived from the development process of the Knowledge Industry Center, which has recently been in the limelight as a new development project product, and to derive risk management measures for them. (2) RESEARCH METHOD As a research method, multi-level decision-making techniques (AHP and Fuzzy-AHP analysis methods) were used to analyze the importance of risk factors in each development stage and to derive risk management plans. (3) RESEARCH FINDINGS Risk management measures in order of importance include securing a construction company with recognition and brand, monitoring policy trends and adjusting business timing by development stage, establishing and verifying plans in preparation for product demand, blocking disputes through guarantee insurance, etc., and reducing risks through interest sharing. 2. RESULTS As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the overall importance of AHP and Fuzzy-AHP adjusted overall importance were similar in rank by risk factor. The top 5 risk factors as a result of importance are failure to secure a construction company with high recognition and brand, marketing planning, failure to select a project start time due to failure to predict the real estate economic downturn, failure to set an appropriate development scale that does not consider the future demand of the Knowledge Industry Center, failure to secure business partners (equity investors, financial companies, construction companies), and insufficient funding plan to secure project costs (bridge loans, main PF) appeared in order.
Home in Three Dimensions: Personal Location in Comparative and Transreligious Theologies
Authors: Heim S. Mark
Published: June 2023

This article reflects on my experience of what it means to have a “home” as a comparative theologian. As I treat comparative theology and transreligious theology here, both are religiously engaged practices. Comparative theology begins from a religious location and seeks to enrich it with learning that can be shared in that community, while transreligious theology engages with religious input in a “free range” manner, with no presumed outcome. Comparative theologians do not shy away from practice that becomes participation in another tradition, and transreligious theologians do not shy away from conclusions or actions that might place them more on one religious path than another. If to know only one religion is, in important respects, to know none, so too are those not pursuing any particular religious path partially disabled in knowing aspects of all others. Home points to the existential dimension always at play in this kind of scholarship, and this essay illustrates what that dimension looks like in my case. Such examples suggest the complexity nestled in the idea of home, a complexity with its own comparative theological character. If home is meant to indicate a reference point, it is a moving target for all of us. This article is framed around three aspects of that complexity: home as where we come from, where we live, and where we are going.
Editorial
Authors: Khan Abrahim H.
Published: June 2023

[Figure: see text]