bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEPENDENCE OF THE NOISE LEVEL OF DRY FAN COOLING TOWERS ON THE POWER OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS
Authors: Тупов Владимир Борисович , Мухаметов Айнур Булатович
Published: July 2021

Сухие вентиляторные градирни тепловых электрических станций могут быть источником превышения санитарных норм на территории станции и в окружающем районе. В статье проведен анализ уровня шума сухих вентиляторных градирен в зависимости от мощности тепловых электрических станций. Получена формула позволяющая определить изменение уровня звука сухих вентиляторных градирен в зависимости от электрической мощности тепловых электрических станций.

Dry fan cooling towers of thermal power plants can be a source of exceeding sanitary standards on the territory of the plant and in the surrounding area. The article analyzes the noise level of dry fan cooling towers depending on the power of thermal power plants. A formula has been obtained that makes it possible to determine the change in the sound level of dry fan cooling towers depending on the electrical power of thermal power plants.
DECISION MAKING IN MULTI-CRITERIA OPTIMIZATION WITH ELEMENTS OF FUZZY LOGIC
Authors: Хохрякова Юлия Владимировна
Published: July 2021

В данной статье рассматривается задача многокритериальной оптимизации, в которой необходимо максимизировать набор параметров, в условиях неопределенности, размытости начальных условий и значений целевых функций.

This article deals with the problem of multi-criteria optimization, in which it is necessary to maximize the set of parameters in the conditions of uncertainty, a blurring of the initial conditions and the values of the objective functions.
ADVANTAGES, CHALLENGES, AND PROSPECTS VACUUM AND PLASMA ELECTRONICS
Authors: Быкадорова Анастасия Вячеславовна , Микаева Светлана Анатольевна
Published: July 2021

В данной статье представлены преимущества, проблемы и перспективы вакуумной и плазменной электроники. Авторы рассмотрели, что такое вакуумная и плазменная электроника и на основе их литературного анализа провели дальнейшие исследования. Для этого обратились к результатам поиска, проведенного с целью определения актуальности данной темы. Приведены тенденции развития данных устройств.

This article presents the advantages, problems and prospects of vacuum and plasma electronics. The authors considered what vacuum and plasma electronics are and based on their literary analysis conducted further research. To do this, we turned to the results of a search conducted to determine the relevance of this topic. Trends in the development of these devices are presented.
METHODS AND DEVICES FOR TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION IN GAS FLOW METERS
Authors: Сухинец Жанна Артуровна , Валямова Ольга Олеговна , Гулин Артур Игоревич
Published: July 2021

В статье рассмотрены типы средств измерения расхода газа, проведен анализ особенностей методов термокомпенсации и вопросов коррекции выходного сигнала расходомеров по температуре с помощью механических и электронных устройств компенсации.

The article discusses the types of gas flow measurement tools, analyzes the features of thermal compensation methods and issues of correcting the output signal of flow meters by temperature using mechanical and electronic compensation devices.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION INNOVATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Authors: Фотина Алёна Сергеевна
Published: July 2021

В статье приведены результаты исследования развития информационно-коммуникационных технологий как инноваций в контексте реализации концепции целей устойчивого развития ООН 2030. Согласно результатам анализа определены инновационные тренды и перспективы развития.

The article presents the results of a research of the development of information and communication technologies as innovations in the context of the implementation of the concept of the UN Sustainable Development Goals 2030. According to the results of the analysis, innovative trends and development prospects are identified.
THE DIFFERENCE IN QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG THE ELDERLY LIVING IN COMMUNITIES AND NURSING HOME RUMOH SEUJAHTERA GEUNASEH SAYANG IN BANDA ACEH
Authors: Arlianti Nopa , Wardiati Wardiati , Lutfia Humairah
Published: July 2021

Background: The increase in the number of elderly in the world causes a variety of problems, one of which is the low quality of life of the elderly which is influenced by several factors such as housing factors, physical and psychological conditions, and social and cultural factors. This study aims to find out the difference in the quality of life of elderly people living in communities and living in nursing home. Methods: This study uses cross-sectional design with a population consists of 2 groups, namely the elderly living in the communities and nursing home. The elderly sample in the nursing home is determined by the total method of the population. While sampling elderly samples in the communities using purposive sampling method with a sample ratio 1:1. Data collection was conducted by interview using the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire. Univariate and bivariate analysis was used to analyze the data and t-test independent was utilized to examine the difference in the quality of life among studied groups. Result: The results showed that the average age of the elderly living in the nursing home was younger, and majority of respondents did not graduate from elementary school. Univariate analysis shows that elderly people living in the nursing home have a better quality of life compared to the elderly living in the community. Bivariate analysis showed that there is a significant differences between the quality of life of eldery people living in nursing home and in the community, both from the physical domain of the eldery (p-value: 0.0003), the psychological domain (p-value: 0.0349), the social domain (p-value: 0.0001), and the environmental domain (p-value: 0.0001). Recommandation: Efforts to improve the elderly’s quality of life are required to be done by families, communities, and governments. Thus, the elderly can go through their old age in a healthy, safe and comfortable manner.
PROBLEMATIZING PREVALENCE OF RASAIN THE PLAYS OF
MAHESH DATTANI
Authors: Surve Anshu , Tiwari Garima Hariniwas
Published: July 2021

Natyashastriya theory of Rasa is a spirit so abstract that can only be suggested, not described
in any work of visual, literary or performing art. Rasabhasa, a concept from Bharata Muni’s
Rasa theory, alternatively nomenclated as a semblance of Rasa interestingly appearsparallel
to Rasa but is not Rasa. Bharatmuni reiterates the relishing of Rasa or Rasabhasa from a
conditional amalgamation of Bhava (emotions), Alambana Vibhava (protagonist), Uddipan
Vibhava (environment) and Vyabhicharibhava (transitory emotional feelings) in the
protagonist i.e. the one who leads (NayatiItiNeta). The conditionality isfurther enunciated
emphasizing that not all protagonists relish Rasa or Rasabhasa distinctively in a dramatic
performance. Modern plays with their stark distinctions from the ancient Indian plays like
Abhigyanshakuntalam portray multilayered characters dealing with the questions of identities
in various spatialities and temporalities at a glance do not seem insinuated with the
characteristics underpinned in Natyashastra. These distinctions and coming away from the
thematic contextualization of ancient Indian plays enshrouds the idea of Rasa Relish.
Dattani’s On a Muggy Night in Mumbai and Seven Steps around the Fire explicitly raise
gender and identity issues of LGBT community, in dealing with their thematic structure and
characterization reveal relishing of Rasa or Rasabhasa. The paper critically problematizes the
translational affinities between Rasa and Rasabhasa, also aspires to explore two plays by
drawing on the concept of Rasabhasa. (Re) interpreting Rasa and Rasabhasa in the context
of modern LGBT plays is the central premise of this research paper.
OUTCOME BASED CURRICULUM DESIGNING: A FUTURISTIC
APPROACH THE CASE STUDY OF THE MAHARAJA SAYAJIRAO
UNIVERSITY OF BARODA
Authors: Raviya Hitesh D , Shahdadpuri Deepali Dinesh
Published: July 2021

In the earlier days, syllabi were designed by some experienced teachers or experts who got
specialization in particular areas in all the education institutions. The students were graded on the
marks scored in the assessment in which some students might score high and some might not be.
This type of previous curriculum did not ensure what students need to learn or what they are learning
in their classrooms. University Grant Commission (UGC) under MHRD, Government of India, has
already submitted the final draft under “Quality Improvement Programme, 2018” aim at the
development of “Learning Outcomes Based Curriculum Framework (LOCF)” at UG and PG Levels.
The learning outcomes are designed to help students understand the objectives of the course provided
to them. It is a framework based on the expected learning outcomes (such as disciplinary knowledge,
communication skills, critical thinking, problem-solving, analytical reasoning, research-related skills,
etc.) that are expected to be attained by the students at the completion of their graduation. In this
research paper, the researcher attempts to elaborate about Curriculum designing based on the
approaches provided by J.C. Richards and Learning-Outcomes based Curriculum Framework. This
research paper also has taken into consideration the analysis of curriculum development for the
subject offered by Department of English in Faculty of Commerce at first year undergraduate courses
(UG Level) from the academic year 1979-80 till 2019-20.
Whole-Body Electromyostimulation: More Effectiveness and Safety Due to More Regulation? Current Developments, Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: W Kemmler , M Fröhlich , C Eifler
Published: July 2021

Whole-body EMS is a training technology that originated in Germany. Commercially launched in about 2006-2007, the more than 2,700 commercial facilities to date indicate the rising popularity for this time-efficient and joint-friendly exercise technology. Thus, Germany might serve as a blue print and indicator for upcoming developments, problems and challenges in WB-EMS application.
Clinical Appearance and Diagnosis of Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: T Gunduz , M Cakir , EM Bakirci , H DEGIRMENCI
Published: July 2021

Heparin-İnduced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a life-threatening complication that occurs in a small percentage of exposed patients (e.g. unfractionated heparin, Low Molecular Weight Heparin [LMWH]) regardless of dose and treatment management.
Frequency Analysis Results Distribution of C589t Rs2243250 Polymorphism in Il4 Gene Among Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: JA Djuraev , US Khasanov , UN Vokhidov , AJ Botirov
Published: July 2021

The fairly widespread prevalence of CRSwNP along with the lack of remedies for curing the disease, a variety of hypotheses of etiology dictate the need for further study of all links in the pathogenesis and clinical features of the course of the disease. In the coming century of “biological medicine”, the availability of high technologies of medical genetics makes it possible to reveal the individual characteristics of the most important regulatory systems of the body, which opens up new prospects for studying the etiology and pathogenesis of CRSwNP. In the tissues of polyps and intranasal secretions, an increase in the concentration of various inflammatory mediators, in particular interleukins, is observed due to an increase in their de novo synthesis by effector cells. Particular importance is attached to an increase in the concentration of cytokines involved in the development, recruitment and activation of eosinophils (IL-4, IL-12, IL-13, GM-CSF), the main pro-inflammatory (IL-1, IL-2, TNF-a, IL- 10), regulatory cytokines (IL-10, TLR2B), contributing to the chronicity of the inflammatory process in the nasal cavity.
Challenges Faced By Nursing and Dialysis Staffs during COVID-19 Pandemic - Tanker Foundation a Model Organization
Authors: S Geetha , M Guganathan , G Giridharan , V Umashankar , G Samuel , N Marteen , C Jagadeeshwari , G Vetrichelvi , R Jinu Kumar , H Abdul Sukur , R Amirtharani , N Thyagarajan , G Abraham , LA Kumaraswami
Published: July 2021

Tamilnad Kidney Research Foundation (TANKER Foundation) which was established in 1993 to support kidney disease related care to underprivileged people. It has now eleven dialysis units in the state of Tamilnadu, India. COVID-19 pandemic has put enormous challenges for the dialysis staff. Here we describe how we face the challenges from March 2020 till now without interrupting or closing down the dialysis units. The no of dialysis staff who have got infected are 21% which required only home quarantine and symptomatic remedies. Our experience can be emulated by other charity organization which provide kidney care.
CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO SETOR MINERAL NO PRODUTO INTERNO
BRUTO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Santos Rodrigo César de Vasconcelos dos Santos
Published: July 2021

O setor mineral (SM) brasileiro é um segmento importante para a economia nacional em virtude de suas vastas reservas e bom posicionamento no comércio mundial de commodities minerais. Conhecendo o desdobramento do SM juntamente com uma demanda do Ministério de Minas e Energia, este trabalho tem o objetivo de
mensurar o valor adicionado bruto (VAB) para o SM brasileiro e interpretá-lo como variável proxy do próprio produto interno bruto (PIB) para o período que vai de 2000 até 2018, bem como estimar o VAB do SM para 2019 e 2020 por meio de modelos econométricos. O trabalho é todo realizado a partir dos dados da Tabela de Recursos e Usos (TRU) do Sistema de Contas Nacionais (SCN), publicado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia
e Estatística (IBGE). Para 2019 e 2020, a estimativa da contribuição do SM brasileiro no PIB é respectivamente de 3,190% e 3,182%.
CITY-LEVEL HUKOU-BASED LABOR MARKET DISCRIMINATION AND MIGRANT ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN CHINA
Authors: Chen Jie , Hu Mingzhi
Published: July 2021

A previously undocumented association between city-level degree of hukou-based labor market discrimination and migrant’s individual entrepreneurship engagement is examined. Applying the Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition analysis on the micro data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) suggests that hukou-based labor market discrimination can on average explain a 6.3% differential in personal income for rural migrants relative to otherwise identical urban migrants. A one standard deviation increase in a city’s average hukou-based labor market discrimination is associated with roughly 2.9 percentage point higher of entrepreneurship rate among rural migrants, holding other things equal. Furthermore, city-level hukou-based labor market discrimination is associated with much higher propensity for engagement in necessitybased entrepreneurship compared with opportunity-based entrepreneurship. Our empirical work also suggests that the association between city-level hukou discrimination and migrant entrepreneurship is more prominent for people with middle level of education, young people, married people, and renters. Policy implications of these findings are discussed.
The Distant, Galaxy Cluster Environment of the Short GRB 161104A at z ∼ 0.8 and a Comparison to the Short GRB Host Population
Authors: Nugent A. E. , Fong W. , Dong Y. , Palmese A. , Leja J. , Escorial A. Rouco , Blanchard P. K. , Paterson K. , Chornock R. , Monson A. , Nicholl M. , Berger E.
Published: July 2021

We present optical observations of the Swift short-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) GRB 161104A and its host galaxy at z = 0.793 ± 0.003. We model the multiband photometry and spectroscopy with the stellar population inference code Prospector and explore the posterior using nested sampling. We find a mass-weighted age of t

m
 = 2.12+0.23
−0.21 Gyr, stellar mass of

, metallicity of

, dust extinction of A

V
 = 0.08+0.08
−0.05, and low star formation rate of 9.9 × 10−2
M
⊙ yr−1. These properties, along with a prominent 4000 Å break and optical absorption lines, classify this host as an early-type, quiescent galaxy. Using Dark Energy Survey galaxy catalogs, we demonstrate that the host of GRB 161104A resides on the outskirts of a galaxy cluster at z ≈ 0.8, situated ≈1 Mpc from the likely brightest cluster galaxy. We also present new modeling for 20 additional short GRB hosts (≈33% of which are early-type galaxies), finding population medians of

and t

m
 = 1.07+1.98
−0.67 Gyr (68% confidence). We further find that the host of GRB 161104A is more distant, less massive, and younger than the four other short GRB hosts known to be associated with galaxy clusters. Cluster short GRBs have faint afterglows, in the lower ≈11% (≈30%) of observed X-ray (optical) luminosities. We place a lower limit on the fraction of short GRBs in galaxy clusters versus those in the field of ≈5%–13%, consistent with the fraction of stellar mass of ≈10%–20% in galaxy clusters at redshifts 0.1 ≤ z ≤ 0.8. Future studies that take advantage of wider-field and deeper cluster surveys are needed to understand the true rate of short GRBs in clusters and their effect on heavy-element enrichment in the intracluster medium.
Investigating Cold Dust Properties of 12 Nearby Dwarf Irregular Galaxies by Hierarchical Bayesian Spectral Energy Distribution Fitting
Authors: Chang Zhengxue , Zhou Jianjun , Lamperti Isabella , Saintongel Amélie , Esimbek Jarken , Li Dalei , He Yuxin , Qiu Jianjie , Li Jun , Zhou Zeming , Tang Xindi , Wu Gang , Ji Weiguang , Zhao Mengke , Zhou Minhua
Published: July 2021

Combining infrared and submillimeter observations and applying a two-temperature modified blackbody (TMBB) model with a hierarchical Bayesian technique, we model the spectral energy distribution of 12 nearby dwarf irregular (dIrr) galaxies. We aim to probe potential submillimeter excess emission at 350, 500, and 850 μm and investigate the properties of cold dust parameters. Based on the TMBB model with cold dust emissivity index (β
c) fixed to 2, one galaxy shows 500 μm excess emission and nine galaxies show excess at 850 μm (five of them still show 850 μm excess in the case of free β
c). We find that the 850 μm excess emission is easily detected in the dIrr galaxies with low star formation activity. The 850 μm excess is more frequent and more prominent in dIrr galaxies with low molecular hydrogen gas mass fraction or low ratios between cold dust mass and gas mass. As galaxies evolve, the ratios between atomic hydrogen gas mass and stellar mass decrease and the 850 μm excess emission tends to decrease or even disappear. Our results suggest that the cold dust temperature may increase, as the dIrr galaxies have more intense star formation or richer metallicity. There is a weak anticorrelation between the cold dust-to-stellar mass ratio and the specific star formation rate for our galaxies.
Star Formation Rate Function at z ∼ 4.5: An Analysis from Rest UV to Optical
Authors: Asada Yoshihisa , Ohta Kouji , Maeda Fumiya
Published: July 2021

We present a star formation rate function (SFRF) at z ∼ 4.5 based on photometric data from the rest UV to optical of galaxies in the CANDELS GOODS-South field using spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting. We evaluate the incompleteness of our sample and correct for it to properly compare the SFRF in this study with those estimated based on other probes. The SFRF is obtained down to ∼10 M
⊙ yr−1, and it shows a significant excess compared to that estimated from the UV luminosity function and dust correction based on the UV spectral slope. As compared with the UV-based SFRF, the number density is larger by ∼1 dex at a fixed SFR, or the best-fit Schechter parameter of the characteristic SFR, SFR*, is larger by ∼1 dex. We extensively examine several assumptions on SED fitting to see the robustness of our result and find that the excess still exists even if the assumptions change such as star formation histories, dust extinction laws, and a one- or two-component model. By integrating our SFRF to 0.22 M
⊙ yr−1, the cosmic star formation rate density (CSFRD) at this epoch is calculated to be

4.53

−
0.87

+
0.94

×

10

−
2

M

⊙

yr

−
1

Mpc

−
3

, which is ∼0.25 dex larger than the previous measurement based on UV observations. We also find that galaxies with intensive star formation (>10 M
⊙ yr−1) occupy most of the CSFRD (∼80%), suggesting that star formation activity at this epoch is dominated by intensively star-forming galaxies.
The NANOGrav 12.5 yr Data Set: Search for an Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background
Authors: Arzoumanian Zaven , Baker Paul T. , Blumer Harsha , Bécsy Bence , Brazier Adam , Brook Paul R. , Burke-Spolaor Sarah , Chatterjee Shami , Chen Siyuan , Cordes James M. , Cornish Neil J. , Crawford Fronefield , Cromartie H. Thankful , DeCesar Megan E. , Demorest Paul B. , Dolch Timothy , Ellis Justin A. , Ferrara Elizabeth C. , Fiore William , Fonseca Emmanuel , Garver-Daniels Nathan , Gentile Peter A. , Good Deborah C. , Hazboun Jeffrey S. , Holgado A. Miguel , Islo Kristina , Jennings Ross J. , Jones Megan L. , Kaiser Andrew R. , Kaplan David L. , Kelley Luke Zoltan , Key Joey Shapiro , Laal Nima , Lam Michael T. , W. Lazio T. Joseph , Lorimer Duncan R. , Luo Jing , Lynch Ryan S. , Madison Dustin R. , McLaughlin Maura A. , Mingarelli Chiara M. F. , Ng Cherry , Nice David J. , Pennucci Timothy T. , Pol Nihan S. , Ransom Scott M. , Ray Paul S. , Shapiro-Albert Brent J. , Siemens Xavier , Simon Joseph , Spiewak Renée , Stairs Ingrid H. , Stinebring Daniel R. , Stovall Kevin , Sun Jerry P. , Swiggum Joseph K. , Taylor Stephen R. , Turner Jacob E. , Vallisneri Michele , Vigeland Sarah J. , Witt Caitlin A. ,   The NANOGrav Collaboration
Published: July 2021

We search for an isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background (GWB) in the 12.5 yr pulsar-timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves. Our analysis finds strong evidence of a stochastic process, modeled as a power law, with common amplitude and spectral slope across pulsars. Under our fiducial model, the Bayesian posterior of the amplitude for an f
−2/3 power-law spectrum, expressed as the characteristic GW strain, has median 1.92 × 10−15 and 5%–95% quantiles of 1.37–2.67 × 10−15 at a reference frequency of

f

yr

=
1

yr

−
1

;

the Bayes factor in favor of the common-spectrum process versus independent red-noise processes in each pulsar exceeds 10,000. However, we find no statistically significant evidence that this process has quadrupolar spatial correlations, which we would consider necessary to claim a GWB detection consistent with general relativity. We find that the process has neither monopolar nor dipolar correlations, which may arise from, for example, reference clock or solar system ephemeris systematics, respectively. The amplitude posterior has significant support above previously reported upper limits; we explain this in terms of the Bayesian priors assumed for intrinsic pulsar red noise. We examine potential implications for the supermassive black hole binary population under the hypothesis that the signal is indeed astrophysical in nature.
Phylogeny of Anisepyris Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae: E pyrinae), with investigation of diagnostic features
Authors: Barbosa Diego N.
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A cladistic analysis based on 120 morphological characters and 72 OTUs was conducted for the flat wasp genus Anisepyris Kieffer. The genus is mainly Neotropical region with few Nearctic species. The analysis retrieved well-supported relationships among the Anisepyris species and exposed the distribution of synapomorphies among the lineages, particularly concerning the mandible shape, dorsal pronotal area sulcus, and mesopleural foveae. The main diagnostic characters, described by Barbosa and Azevedo (2018) for the 13 species-groups of Anisepyris, were scrutinized. Transformation series and evolutionary hypotheses were also discussed. This discussion elucidates the importance of each character in the evolution and diversification along the different lineages. A discussion on the species-groups distribution is proposed, in relation to their diagnostic features. A hypothesis about the original distribution and the subsequent diversifications was also discussed. In conclusion, due to a possible recent origin for Anisepyris species, the dispersion could be related primarily to dense forest areas; and the retrieved synapomorphies could be related to posterior distributions of the species in disparate areas from their original environment.
Des ondes non ionisantes électromagnétiques (ONIE) à toutes les étapes du processus productif dans le secteur de l’agroalimentaire
Authors: Floch Hervé , Gamand Patrice , Daignan Clément , Picard Nicolas , Sandoval Laure
Published: July 2021

Le secteur agroalimentaire est en pleine évolution pour prendre en compte la réduction de l’utilisation des produits phytosanitaires, la sortie du glyphosate, le suivi des cultures en temps réel et la numérisation de l’agriculture, tout cela dans un contexte de changement climatique. Afin de répondre aux exigences de protection des cultures, de conservation, de décontamination et de préservation des saveurs, tout en assurant l’innocuité du produit final pour le consommateur et en respectant l’environnement, le recours aux technologies dites physiques se révèle tout à fait pertinent. Les ultraviolets et plus particulièrement les UVC, les micro-ondes (3 - 300 GHz) notamment, ont la capacité de répondre à ces besoins. Nous montrons dans cet article les effets des micro-ondes sur le développement foliaire des plantes, conduisant ainsi à une solution de désherbage. Nous mettons également en évidence le fait que la lumière UV pulsée permet une décontamination des légumes ou des fruits offrant ainsi une solution de conservation efficace, économique et durable. De même, nous montrons que la modernisation des techniques agricoles motivée par un souci d’optimisation des ressources, des coûts et des rendements, s’appuie sur la mise en jeu des technologies de radiocommunications et d’imagerie. Les ondes radiofréquences permettent l’utilisation et le déploiement de capteurs communicants de type IoT et de suivre en temps réel des paramètres de pilotage des cultures. Les techniques d’imagerie sont également une aide précieuse pour l’étude de certains phénomènes comme le stress hydrique des cultures ou les maladies. Est également mis en évidence le fait que les ondes non ionisantes contribuent fortement à la transition écologique soit en appui au désherbage en évitant le recours aux produits phytosanitaires, soit au travers de solutions de décontamination et de désinfection ne recourant pas à l’emploi de produits chimiques. Les défis à venir concernent aussi les aspects formation des acteurs de la filière et surtout l’évolution du modèle économique de celle-ci.
Amniotic band syndrome associated with malformation of extremities
Authors: Fernandopulle R. C. , Sathanandarajah R. , Gunarathna W. M. C. L.
Published: July 2021

Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is a rare congenital condition, occurring as an outcome of entanglement of fetal parts with amniotic bands during intrauterine life resulting in anatomical abnormalities. ABS should be considered in every newborn with congenital malformations. In this report, a case of a preterm female baby delivered to a diagnosed (Preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes) PPROM mother, with abnormalities of the extremities due to ABS is discussed.
Evaluation of cervical length by transabdominal and transvaginal scans during early pregnancy.
Authors: Ruwanpura L. , Wickramasinghe J. B. , Marasinghe P. , Ratnayake G. M. , Dias T. D. , Silva D.
Published: July 2021

Objective

To compare the measurements and the client-preferences of transabdominal scan (TAS) and transvaginal scan (TVS) in assessing cervical length.

Method

A validation study with a cross sectional component on patient-preferences was conducted among 568 pregnant women with a period-of-amenorrahea between 11+0 to 22+6 weeks. Pre- and post-void TAS and a post-void TVS measurements were taken. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves were generated to assess the detection of short cervix using pre and post-void TAS at different lengths of the cervix.

Results

The mean (SD) age of the participants was 28.4(5.7) years with a mean gestation age of 14+1 weeks. The mean (SD) cervical lengths detected by the pre-void TAS, post-void TAS and TVS were 32.2 (5.8)mm, 28.9 (5.8) mm and 34.4 (5.3) mm respectively. Factors with significant association with a higher TVS cervical length were; increasing age (p
Updated Algorithm of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention from Chronic Total Occlusion Club China
Authors: Ge Jun-Bo , Ge Lei , Huo Yong , Chen Ji-Yan , Wang Wei-Min , Zhang Bin
Published: July 2021

In 2018, the Chronic Total Occlusion Club China (CTOCC) presented a new CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (CTO PCI) algorithm. At the end of 2020, an updated CTOCC algorithm was proposed by this group after the adoption of innovative concepts and novel techniques in CTO PCI. The updated CTOCC algorithm summarizes the contemporary CTO PCI practices in China, in which simultaneous contralateral injection and careful angiographic review, along with strategic changes, are emphasized. Additionally, we provide some new recommendations for techniques such as the “move the cap” and “active greeting” techniques and investment procedures.
Viewing the Future Research Directions of Heart Failure from Ge's Phenotyping of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Zang Yan-Xiang , Li Wei-Min , Lou Qi , Wang Hong , Duan Yu-Chen
Published: July 2021

At present, guideline-directed medical therapy of heart failure (HF) has achieved certain results, but the evidence mostly focuses on HF with reduced ejection fraction, and there are some problems in the research on HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), such as inconsistent inclusion criteria and unconvincing results. Therefore, it may be more individualized and targeted to perform classification, typing, and treatment of HF from aspects such as pathogenesis, etiology, or pathophysiology, but not ejection fraction, especially HFpEF with strong heterogeneity. Ge's phenotyping of HFpEF is based on etiology and pathology, aiming at improving the outcome of HFpEF and exploring new approaches for the prognosis of HF.
Effects of Probe Tip Placement on Static Acoustic Admittance at the Plane of Measurement
Authors: Sahu Preeti , Mahallik Debadatta
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

Tympanograms are recorded at the plane of the probe tip in the ear canal, consequently, this recording is called a tympanogarm in the plane of measurement and it includes both the acoustic admittance of the trapped volume of air between the probe tip and the tympanic membrane and the admittance of the middle ear system at the tympanic membrane.

Materials and Methods:

Eighty three participations (166 ears- 85 right ears, 81 left ears) were selected for the study. participants who had negative middle ear pressure greater than -50dapa and + 50 dapa and air and bone conduction thresholds gap of equal or more than 15 dB were excluded from the study.

Data Analysis:

Pearson correlation coefficient was carried out to see the relationship between residual ear canal volume (RECV) and acoustic admittance (Ya) and as well as for the tympanometric peak pressure (TPP).

Results:

Results shows there is strong positive correlation (r =0.854, P <0.001) between the residual volume in the ear canal and admittance. Acoustic admittance were well correlated with the residual ear canal volume with coefficient of determination of r^2 = 0.793. In case of the middle ear pressure, it has been shown that there is positive moderate correlation (r = 0.679, P < 0.001) between the middle ear pressure and acoustic admittance with coefficient of determination of r^2 = 0.473.

Conclusion:

The shift of probe tip placement in the ear canal and middle ear pressure variation changes the acoustic admittance value during immitance audiometry.
Bilateral Nasolabial Cyst
Authors: Sahoo Soumick Ranjan , Sarma Mandira
Published: July 2021

Nasolabial cyst is an uncommon nonodontogenic extraosseous cyst. Bilateral cysts are rare, and very few are reported in literature. They present as slow-growing swellings in the nasolabial region causing cosmetic deformity and nasal obstruction. We report a rare case of a 59-years-old female who was diagnosed as bilateral nasolabial cyst based on clinical and computed tomography scan findings and underwent excision by sublabial approach. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis.
Anterior Craniofacial Resection for Squamous Cell Carcinoma Ethmoid Sinus Involving Anterior Skull Base
Authors: Angral Sumeet , Varshney Saurabh , Arora Rajnish Kumar , Malhotra Manu , Tyagi Amit Kumar , Kumar Amit
Published: July 2021

Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare form of head-and-neck malignancy, with an incidence of 3%, while SCC of the ethmoid sinus is even more infrequent with relatively few cases cited in the literature. Management of anterior skull base tumors is complex due to the anatomic detail of the region and the variety of tumors that occur in this area. Currently, the “gold standard” for surgery is the anterior craniofacial resection. A 61-year-old man with a locally advanced SCC of the ethmoid sinus involving orbit with intracranial extradural extension was surgically treated performing anterior craniofacial resection followed by adjuvant intensity-modulated radiation therapy to the tumor bed. Currently, the “gold standard” for ethmoid carcinoma with intracranial extension is the anterior craniofacial approach. It allows wide exposure of the complex anatomical structures at the base of the skull permitting monobloc tumor resection. A multidisplinary team approach involving an otolaryngologist, neurosurgeon, plastic surgeon, pathologist, and radiologist is required for effective management of these tumors.
Outcomes of femtosecond laser cataract surgery in an Egyptian cohort
Authors: Gharib Ahmed Fathy , Shama Ahmed El-Sayed , Mostafa Yehia Salah , Sherif Ahmed Mohamed
Published: July 2021

Aim

This study aimed to compare the visual outcomes and safety of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) to conventional phacoemulsification (CP).

Design

This was a prospective nonrandomized interventional clinical study.

Methodology

Hundred eyes with nuclear cataract were divided into two groups: group A (50 eyes) underwent FLACS using the LenSx platform (Alcon Laboratories Inc., Fort Worth, Texas, USA) and group B (50 eyes) underwent CP surgery using the Centurion Vision System (Alcon Laboratories Inc., USA). Preoperative assessment included visual acuity (VA) testing, nuclear grading and specular microscopy. Ultrasound (US) total time, cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) and amount of irrigating fluid used were recorded. Postoperative assessment at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months included uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and specular microscopy. Intra- or postoperative complications were recorded.

Results

There was no statistically significant difference in the US total time between both groups as a whole (P=0.248) and in each subgroup (P=0.379, 0.316 and 0.681 for NC grades 1, 2 and 3, respectively). CDE was statistically lower in FLACS with NC grade 2 (P=0.005) and 3 (P=0.006), with no significant difference with NC grade 1 (P=0.521). Irrigating fluid volume was significantly lower in the CP group as a whole (P≤0.001) and in each subgroup (P=0.004, <0.001 and <0.001 for grades 1, 2 and 3 NC). There was no significant difference between both groups in % endothelial cell loss (ECL), change in CCT, UCVA and BCVA at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. No complications were recorded, except one case of incomplete capsulotomy with FLACS.

Conclusion

FLACS was associated with lower CDE than CP. However, visual outcomes were similar in both techniques.
Relationship between Double Leg Lowering Test and Core Strength Test of the Lumbar Spine in Normal Healthy Individuals
Authors: Rathod Sheshna Rameshchandra , Vyas Neeta J. , Sorani Dinesh Mohanbhai
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

Core stability relies on the effectiveness of abdominal muscle function in their stabilizing role. A wide variety of tests are available to quantify the strength of trunk muscles.

Aim:

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between double-leg-lowering (DLL) test and core strength test in normal healthy individuals.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted on 843 volunteers between the ages of 18 and 60 years. Assessment of core strength was done using a pressure biofeedback unit. The actual task, i.e., abdominal draw-in the test was performed with the subject lying in a prone position. Then, pressure reduction which was held up to at least 10 s was noted. The DLL test was performed with the subject lying in supine position with hands folded across the body on a plinth. The therapist passively raised both the lower limbs simultaneously to 90° hip flexion with the knees kept straight. Subjects then performed a posterior pelvic tilt and maintained this position while slowly lowering the legs to horizontal. The angle at which the back arched was noted. Grading was done in a similar manner for three times with a rest-period of 1 min in between the repeats. The best of the three repetitions was used for the analysis.

Results:

Spearman's correlation coefficient (ρ) between core strength test and DLL test was found to be 0.24. The median for DLL test was 4 and pressure reduction on the pressure biofeedback unit was 9 mmHg.

Conclusions:

We found that there is weak positive correlation between the core strength test and DLL test.
Simultaneous Bilateral Cochlear Implantation in a Case of Waardenburg Syndrome – A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Arif K. N. , Passey J. C. , Ali Mohamed Riyas , Devi Taorem Medhabati
Published: July 2021

We report a case of Waardenburg Syndrome (WS) who underwent simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantation and the evolution of auditory performance over a 5 year follow-up. Examination revealed a white forelock with iris heterochromia and confluent eyebrows (synophoris). Audiometric evaluation revealed bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss. High resolution tomography of temporal bone showed normal inner ear anatomy and subsequently child underwent bilateral cochlear implantation which was followed by regular postoperative rehabilitation and speech therapy.
A Cross-sectional Study on Pharmacovigilance among Rural Doctors and Private Practitioners
Authors: Divakar B. , Patel Rohan , Verma Mamtarani
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

Rise in the introduction of newer drugs in the market has increased the need to monitor the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to ensure patient safety. To overcome this need, a nation-wide Pharmacovigilance Programme was initiated by the Government of India with an objective to assure drug safety. Even after a decade of its initiation, the program is in the stage of infancy.

Aims and Objectives:

To document knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding pharmacovigilance among Primary Health Center/Community Health Centers (PHC/CHC) and private doctors. To document the opinion of PHC/CHC and private doctors with regard to reporting of ADRs.

Materials and Methods:

Doctors working in private setup, PHC and CHC in rural district and doctors willing to give written informed consent were included. A cross-sectional study design was used. KAP questionnaire was designed to assess the demographic details of doctors, their knowledge of pharmacovigilance, attitudes toward pharmacovigilance and practice on ADR reporting. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS software.

Results:

109 doctors of PHC/CHC and private set-up responded in the study. Out of 109 doctors, 52 were private practitioners. The mean age of participants was 43.09 ± 14.15 years. 56 (51.4%) of PHC/CHC and private set-up doctors were aware regarding the existence of a National Pharmacovigilance Programme in India. 107 (98.2%) doctors of PHC/CHC and private set up have the opinion that there is the necessity of reporting ADRs.

Conclusion:

This study will definitely act as a sensitizer toward ADR reporting among rural and private doctors. It is the need of the hour that doctors must spare time out of their busy schedule to report ADRs. Strong policy formation should be done to motivate them for reporting ADRs.
Ionised Serum Calcium Reference Interval among Rural Women of Reproductive Age in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Onyekwelu Angus Chukwuemeka , Abdullahi Habiba Ibrahim , Isah Aliyu Yabagi , Jamda Abubakar Mustapha , Nwegbu Maxwell Maduekwe
Published: July 2021

Background:

Various medical conditions in pregnancy may be traced to suboptimal levels of serum calcium during pregnancy. Communities' derivation of normal serum calcium reference interval is imperative.

Objective:

The objective was to determine the normal free (ionised) serum calcium reference interval among women of reproductive age in the federal capital territory (FCT) of Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study of 240 women from six primary health-care facilities in Abuja, Nigeria. Their blood samples were collected in serum separator bottles. The outcome measure was the determination of the reference interval of free (ionised) serum calcium among the participants.

Results:

The obtained normal reference interval of ionised serum calcium (iCa) was 0.88–1.4 mmol/L. The accompanying reference intervals for total protein and albumin were 5.7–9.4 mg/dl and 3.3–5.2 mg/dl, respectively.

Conclusion:

The derived reference interval of iCa in this study was 0.88–1.4 mmol/L, while the total calcium range was 2.18–2.82 mmol/L. These intervals are recommended for use in the Nigerian FCT and its environs as it provides lower intervals compared to the operational values. There is a need for a national derived value as this may change the practice.
Clinical, Endoscopic and Histological Profile of Colorectal Cancers Seen on Colonoscopy in Kano, North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Musa Yusuf , Mohammed Mansur Femi , Muhammad Nurudeen Olalekan , Yusuf Ibrahim , Abdulrahim Abdulrashid Onimisi , Samaila Adamu Alhaji , Borodo Musa Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most prevalent gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. With 5% risk of developing CRC in life, it became the third leading cause of cancer death in developed nations. In Nigeria, it is the most common GI cancer. However, there are limited data on CRC in the study area (North-Western part of Nigeria). The aim of this study was to identify the clinical, endoscopic and histological profile of CRC seen on colonoscopy.

Methodology:

This was a retrospective descriptive study where colonoscopic and histological records of suspected CRC in the study centre between January 2008 to December 2017 were evaluated.

Results:

Records of 135 patients were reviewed, and males constituted 63.7%. The mean age was 46.61 ± 16.80 years, with 30–39 years as a modal group. Common presentations were diarrhoea (86.7%) and bleeding per rectum (68.9%). Areas affected were rectosigmoid colon (63%), ascending colon (14.1%), descending colon (8.9%), transverse colon (7.4%) and anal canal (6.7%). Histologically, adenocarcinoma was reported in 57.8%, mucinous adenocarcinoma in 8.1% and signet ring cell adenocarcinoma in 3.7%. Tubular and villous adenomas were 3% each. Others were carcinoid tumours (1.5%), metastatic adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, GI stromal tumour, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour, angiosarcoma and adenoid cyst carcinoma reported in 0.7% each.

Conclusion:

Majority of the patients with CRC were in their young age. The most common presentations were diarrhoea, weight loss and anaemia. The most common site of affectation was in the left colon, while the most common histological finding was adenocarcinoma.
Prevalence, Pattern and Predictors of Sexual Abuse among Young Female Hawkers in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Amole Taiwo Gboluwaga , Abdullahi Hadiza , Abdullahi Nafisa Tijjani , Abubakar Abubakar Sadiq , Ajayi Abdullahi Onimisi , Tsiga-Ahmed Fatimah Ismail
Published: July 2021

Context:

Sexual abuse of young female hawkers is a subject of public health importance with resultant long-lasting physical and mental consequences.

Aims:

This study assessed the prevalence, pattern and predictors of sexual abuse among female hawkers in Kano State, Nigeria.

Settings and Design:

Using a descriptive cross-sectional design and two-stage sampling technique, female hawkers in Kano metropolis were studied.

Subjects and Methods:

An adapted and pre-tested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information from 236 female hawkers. Data were analysed with SPSS Statistics, version 24.0 software. Prevalence and pattern of sexual abuse was determined and adjusted odds ratios of predictors derived from binary logistic regression models.

Results:

The prevalence of sexual abuse was 68.6%. Forms of sexual abuse reported included verbal abuse (38.1%), inappropriate touch (64.0%) and rape (25.8%). Predictors of sexual abuse included respondents' age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 10.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] [2.92–38.84]), ethnicity (aOR = 4.26, 95% CI [1.30–14.00]), highest educational attainment (aOR = 0.38, 95% CI [0.15–0.99]), residence with parent (s) (aOR = 0.07, 95%CI [0.01–0.54]) and parents being alive (aOR = 6.79, 95%CI [1.41–32.62]).

Conclusions:

Sexual abuse is prevalent among female hawkers and the forms experienced ranged from verbal abuse to inappropriate touch and rape. Interventions that delay age at the commencement of hawking, ensure the education of the girl child and support parental care could foster more matured and smart female hawkers who can avoid sexual abuse.
Community Mitigation Strategies for Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Ogboghodo Esohe Olivia , Osaigbovo Iriagbonse Iyabo , Obaseki Darlington Ewaen , Nneka Okwara Obiageli Henrietta , Omo-Ikirodah Orezimena Temitope , Adio Funmilayo , Ehinze Ewere Scholastica
Published: July 2021

Background:

In the absence of effective vaccines and definitive treatment, non-pharmaceutical interventions, also known as community mitigation strategies (CMS), are needed to reduce the transmission of respiratory virus infections such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the effectiveness of these strategies depends on a knowledgeable population cooperating and adhering strictly to recommended strategies.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to determine the knowledge and adherence to CMS against COVID-19 in Benin City, the capital of Edo State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted amongst adult residents in Benin City using a self-administered questionnaire for data collection. Eighteen questions addressed knowledge of CMS, while adherence was assessed using 14 questions on a graded scale. Each correct answer was scored giving maximum and minimum scores of 18 and 0 for knowledge and 28 and 0 for adherence, respectively. Scores were converted to percentages with scores 70% and above adjudged as good knowledge of CMS and scores 50% and above adjudged as good adherence to CMS. Data were analysed with IBM SPSS version 25.0 software. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

The mean age (standard deviation) of 577 respondents who participated in the study was 32.5 ± 11.7 years. Overall, 532 (92.2%) respondents had good knowledge, while only 165 (28.6%) demonstrated good compliance with CMS against COVID-19. Christianity was a statistically significant predictor of knowledge of CMS. Income was found to be a significant predictor of adherence to CMS amongst respondents.

Conclusion:

Respondents demonstrated good knowledge but poor adherence with CMS against COVID-19 in Benin City, Edo State. Behaviour change communication is advocated to ensure that mitigation strategies are effective.