bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient knowledge of fecal calprotectin in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): An observational study in Mexico
Authors: Maldonado-Arriaga Brenda , Sandoval-Jiménez Sergio , Rodríguez-Silverio Juan , Alcaráz- Estrada Sofía Lizeth , Cortés-Espinosa Tomás , Pérez-Cabeza de Vaca Rebeca , Shaw Jonathan , Mondragón-Terán Paul , Hernández-Cortez Cecilia , Suárez-Cuenca Juan Antonio , Castro-Escarpulli Graciela
Published: February 2021

Background: Fecal calprotectin (FC) can be a valuable tool to optimize health care for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The objective of this observational study was to determine the level of knowledge of the FC test in Mexican patients with IBD.

Methods: A self-report questionnaire was distributed via Facebook to patients with IBD. The survey consisted of 15 questions in two categories: the first category assessed knowledge of IBD diagnosis, and the second category assessed knowledge of the FC test.

Results: In total, 460 patients with IBD participated, of which 83.9% (386) had ulcerative colitis (UC) and 16.0% (74) had Crohn’s disease (CD). Regarding IBD diagnosis, 41.9% of participants stated that they did not know of a non-invasive test for fecal matter to identify inflammation of the colon. Regarding the FC test, 57.5% (UC) and 58.1% (CD) stated that they did not know about the test. Additionally, 65.8% (UC) and 51.3% (CD) of participants stated that they had never received the FC test and 82.6% (UC) and 77.0% (CD) recognized that the FC test was difficult to access in their medical practice. Furthermore, 66% (UC) and 52.7% (CD) of participants noted that their specialist doctor had never suggested the FC test to them, yet 89.1% (UC) and 87.8% (CD) stated that they would prefer FC analysis for their IBD follow-up assessments.

Conclusions: There is little knowledge of the FC biomarker among Mexican patients with IBD. This suggests the need for greater dissemination of its use and scope as a biomarker in IBD.
Understanding barriers to the introduction of precision medicine in non-small cell lung cancer: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Wright Stuart J. , Daker-White Gavin , Newman William , Payne Katherine
Published: February 2021

Background: While treatments targeting genetic mutations and alterations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been available since 2010, the adoption of such examples of precision medicine into clinical practice has historically been slow. This means that patients with NSCLC may not have received life improving and extending treatments which should have been available to them. The purpose of this qualitative interview study was to identify the barriers to the provision of examples of precision medicine for NSCLC.

Methods: This study used semi-structured telephone interviews with clinicians, test providers and service commissioners to identify the perceived barriers to providing historical, current, and future examples of precision medicine in NSCLC. Participants were identified through mailing list advertisements and snowball sampling. The qualitative data was analysed using a framework analysis.

Results: Interviews were conducted with 11 participants including: five oncologists; three pathologists; two clinical geneticists; and one service commissioner. A total of 17 barriers to the introduction of precision medicine for NSCLC were identified and these were grouped into five themes: the regulation of precision medicine and tests; the commissioning and reimbursement of tests and the testing process; the complexity of the logistics around providing tests; centralisation or localisation of test provision; and opinions about future developments in precision medicine for NSCLC.

Conclusions: A number of barriers exist to the introduction of precision medicine in NSCLC. Addressing these barriers may improve access to novel life improving and extending treatments for patients.
Inside the Dwelling: Clay Figurines of the Jägala Jõesuu V Stone Age Settlement Site (Estonia)
Authors: Khrustaleva Irina , Kriiska Aivar
Published: February 2021

Sculpted clay figurines were widespread in Stone Age Europe. Theywere common in the hunter-gatherer communities in the territoriesof Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Western and NorthwesternRussia. In these territories they were mainly associated with theComb, Pitted and Pit-Comb Ware cultures, ca 4000–2000 yearscalBC. This paper examines clay sculptures from the Jägala JõesuuV Comb Ware culture settlement site in northern Estonia, where 91fragments of figurines were found, making it the most abundantdeposits of clay figurines and their fragments in the eastern Baltic.Among them, three different types of image were distinguished:one zoomorphic (harbour porpoise) and two anthropomorphic. Allthe figurines were fragmented intentionally in ancient times, asdetermined by microscopic and experimental research. Most of thefragments were situated in the filling of a pit-house, which indicatesthat the dwelling had a sacral as well as a habitational dimension.During the research process, Stone Age clay figurines from nine moreComb Ware culture sites of Estonia and Ingria were catalogued. Thecatalogue contains 13 previously published and 21 newly discoveredinstances and radiocarbon dates taken at the sites, some of whichare being published for the first time.
Utopia and Nostalgic Return
Authors: Thompson Fred
Published: February 2021

The term ‘traditional Japanese architecture’ often causes confusionbecause people want the architecture of a certain period to eithercontinue endlessly, or to be substituted by some kind of facsimile.This paper maintains that the roots of Japanese architecture continueand that these roots make themselves evident at times of upheavaland renewal.Japan consists of a number islands which have had periods ofisolation both internationally, and nationally from ‘political lockdown’within. And yet these periods of isolation have often produceda veritable zenith in the houses of what Bruno Taut called “thepeasants”, and the author has chosen to call ‘commoners (minka)’.One example this is the Japanese tea house, which came about at atime of heightened military dominance. Castles were the strongholdsof power complete with large rooms in which the rituals of statedemanded order by rank. Beside this show of power came the humbletea house, used for the simple tea ceremony, sometimes between as few as two people.

The roots of this humble hut, if we can call itsuch, carried with it the same structural principles as the minka, orcommoner’s house. A non-loadbearing structure of post and lintelconstruction for the sole purpose of concentrating on “the sound ofboiling water”. Out of the dream of power came the need for humility.The warrior’s power lay in the control of space; the tea master’s in thecontrol of time. The architecture responds. The building is an event
Network Mode Optimization for the DHL Supply Chain
Authors: Dang Yibo , Singh Manjeet , Allen Theodore T.
Published: February 2021

DHL Supply Chain North America moves more than 20 million packages each year. DHL transportation planners perform routing and cost-deduction tasks for many business projects. We refer to the associated planning problem as the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Regulations and Common Carriers (VRPTRCC). Unlike ordinary vehicle routing problems, which use only a single type of transportation mode, our VRPTRCC applications include make–buy decisions because some of the package deliveries are ultimately subcontracted to organizations other than DHL. Time regulation means that the problem considers not only delivery-time windows, but also layover and driving-time restrictions. Our developed Network Mode Optimization Tool (NMOT) is an ant-colony optimization (ACO)-based program that aids DHL Supply Chain transportation analysts in identifying cost savings in the ground logistic network. By using the NMOT, DHL and its customers have saved millions of dollars annually. Also, the NMOT is helping DHL to win new customers against bidding competitors and reducing estimation times from multiple weeks to hours. The results show an actual increase in profits compared with the previous process by more than 15% through a combination of new projects enabled and reduced current operational costs. The NMOT is implemented and evaluated by using data from ongoing projects.
Stochastic Comparative Statics in Markov Decision Processes
Authors: Light Bar
Published: February 2021

In multiperiod stochastic optimization problems, the future optimal decision is a random variable whose distribution depends on the parameters of the optimization problem. I analyze how the expected value of this random variable changes as a function of the dynamic optimization parameters in the context of Markov decision processes. I call this analysis stochastic comparative statics. I derive both comparative statics results and stochastic comparative statics results showing how the current and future optimal decisions change in response to changes in the single-period payoff function, the discount factor, the initial state of the system, and the transition probability function. I apply my results to various models from the economics and operations research literature, including investment theory, dynamic pricing models, controlled random walks, and comparisons of stationary distributions.
Ethnoveterinary practice of medicinal plants in Chhatradev Rural Municipality, Arghakhanchi District of Western Nepal
Authors: Dhakal Alok , Khanal Sushank , Pandey Meena
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Dhakal A, Khanal S, Pandey M. 2021. Ethnoveterinary practice of medicinal plants in Chhatradev Rural Municipality, Arghakhanchi District of Western Nepal. Nusantara Bioscience 13: 29-40. The use of medicinal plants is a traditional system in treating domestic animals in Nepal. This study was done to investigate and document knowledge about using different plants with medicinal value to cure different animal ailments in Chhatradev Rural Municipality, Arghakhanchi district of western Nepal. A total of 100 elderly people rearing domestic animals and having traditional knowledge of ethnoveterinary plants were selected for interview. A semi-structured questionnaire was employed, and interviews were conducted for addressing detailed ethnoveterinary information. The uses of 103 plant species belonging to 56 families were documented for the treatment of 21 animal ailments. Fabaceae was found to be a dominant family with 10 plant species followed by Poaceae (8 species). The most commonly used plant parts were leaf, seed, and fruit. Herbs were dominant with 44 plant species followed by trees (32 species), shrubs (14 species), and climbers (13 species). The wide application of the medicinal plants as the form of paste formulation was observed for 41 plant species, while 25 plant species were used as powder formulation followed by Juice (21 species), raw (20 species), decoction (19 species), infusion (5 species), and roasted formulation (3 species). Oral route was the most common route followed by dermal and ocular. It was found that the informant consensus factor (ICF) values varied from 0.858 to 0.96. A high informant consensus factor was found for ailment of reproductive category (0.96) followed by respiratory (0.957), gastrointestinal (0.949) while the least was in urinary problem category (0.858). The highest citation frequency was found for Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague (247) followed by Myristica fragrans Houtt. (111), Sesamum indicum L. (109), Saccharum officinarum L. (107) and Zea mays L. (97). The wide use and rich knowledge of ethnoveterinary practice were found in the study area. This study might be handy to discover useful ethnopharmaceutical agents applicable in the livestock industry. Conservation programs should be done from the government level and study on the use of medicinal plants for treating animal diseases is recommended.
Measurement of Trace Gases from a Fracking Site Using Mid-Infrared Dual Comb Spectroscopy
Authors: Waxman E. , Cossel K. , Giorgetta F. , Baumann E. , Ycas G. , Herman D. , Friedlein J. T. , Bon D. , Coddington I. , Newbury N.
Published: February 2021

We used a MIR dual frequency comb spectroscopy system to measure emissions at a fracking site. We present preliminary measurements of methane, ethane, and higher hydrocarbons. The methane shows good agreement with a co-located point sensor.
Integrated multi-pixel near-infrared spectral sensor
Authors: Hakkel Kaylee D. , Petruzzella Maurangelo , Pagliano Francesco , van Klinken Anne , Liu Tianran , van Veldhoven Rene P.J. , Fiore Andrea
Published: February 2021

An integrated semiconductor spectral sensor is demonstrated. It is based on an array of resonant- cavity-enhanced photodetectors covering the short-wavelength infrared region. Its robustness and small footprint make this device suitable for on-site spectral sensing applications.
Miniature NIR Spectrometers with High Instrument-to- Instrument Repeatability for Industrial Scale Applications
Authors: Saxe Steve , Sun Lan , Hsiung Chang , Smith Valton
Published: February 2021

This analysis of instrument-to-instrument repeatability in VIAVI MicroNIR™ miniature NIR spectrometers demonstrates that chemometric models built with only one instrument can reliably be used by other instruments to analyze feed products, polymers, and pharmaceuticals.
Potential of spectroscopy for fruits and vegetables processing and quality assessment
Authors: Ravikanth Lankapalli , Singh Chandra B.
Published: February 2021

Fruits and vegetables are the primary part of healthy human diet. Spectroscopy in various forms has emerged as a reliable and efficient technique for processing, value addition and quality assessment of the fruits and vegetables.
Potential for Predicting Soil Properties Using Low Cost Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning
Authors: Wang Wenbo , Hu Liming , Wilson Benjamin K. , Keller Matthew D.
Published: February 2021

Using two public soil spectral libraries, we examined potential for low-cost nearinfrared devices for in-field testing. Results showed strong promise with conventional neural networks, comparable to previously published results with deep learning.
Urban Methane Emission Estimates Based on Aircraft and Satellite Observations
Authors: Plant Genevieve , Kort Eric A , Sweeney Colm
Published: February 2021

Urban methane emissions from major cities are investigated using an aircraft platform equipped with a suite of high precision spectroscopic instrumentation and the latest space-based observations. Sensing details and results will be presented.
Laser speckle imaging for early detection of microbial colony forming units
Authors: Balmages Ilya , Liepins Janis , Zolins Stivens , Bliznuks Dmitrijs , Lihacova Ilze , Lihachev Alexey
Published: February 2021

In this study, an optical contactless laser speckle imaging technique for the early identification of bacterial colony-forming units was tested. The aim of this work is to compare the laser speckle imaging method for the early assessment of microbial activity with standard visual inspection under white light illumination. In presented research, the growth of Vibrio natriegens bacterial colonies on the solid medium was observed and analyzed. Both – visual examination under white light illumination and laser speckle correlation analysis were performed. Based on various experiments and comparisons with the theoretical Gompertz model, colony radius growth curves were obtained. It was shown that the Gompertz model can be used to describe both types of analysis. A comparison of the two methods shows that laser speckle contrast imaging, combined with signal processing, can detect colony growth earlier than standard CFU counting method under white light illumination.
Dual-comb correction with spectrally broadened fiber lasers
Authors: Guay Philippe , Tourigny-Plante Alex , Hébert Nicolas Bourbeau , Michaud-Belleau Vincent , Larouche Steeve , Fdil Khaoula , Genest Jérôme
Published: February 2021

Coherence of dual-comb beat note between independent fiber lasers is retrieved without self-referencing, which is a simplification to existing systems. Broadband nearinfrared methane spectroscopy has been conducted to demonstrate the simplified system’s preserved performance.
Tomographic Methane Leak Localization via Chirped Laser Dispersion Spectroscopy
Authors: Soskind Michael G. , Chen Yifeng , Wang Rui , Li Nathan P. , Moore Daniel P. , Patrick Charles L. , Zondlo Mark , Wysocki Gerard
Published: February 2021

We present a real-time remote sensing system capable of localizing methane emissions by automatically switching between 16 retroreflectors placed in known locations. The resulting plume reconstructions show good agreement with theoretical distributions.
Laser based Hyperspectral Imaging for Stand-off Gas Detection
Authors: Herbst Johannes , Strahl Thomas
Published: February 2021

Mid-infrared imaging and tunable laser spectroscopy were combined to obtain a hyperspectral gas camera for detecting methane leaks. With the setup a detection limit of better than 10 ppm-m and a leakage flow rate of less than 0.5 ml/min methane has been achieved.
Integrated Mid-IR Waveguide Sensor for Laser Based Trace Analysis in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Beneitez Nuria Teigell , Missinne Jeroen , Radosavljevic Sanja , Baumgartner Bettina , Lendl Bernhard , Roelkens Gunther
Published: February 2021

An in-line sensing platform for detecting contaminants in aqueous solution is presented, comprising Ge waveguides, microlenses and grating couplers for rapid interfacing with mid-IR spectrometers, and a hydrophobic mesoporous layer for selectivity toward apolar contaminants.
Development of Compact Backscattering Lidars for Aerosol Monitoring Applications Including Indoor Use
Authors: Sugimoto Nobuo , Nishizawa Tomoaki , Jin Yoshitaka , Sanari Nobuyuki , Itaya Youhei , Yokokawa Morihisa
Published: February 2021

Compact lidars for aerosol monitoring applications were studied. One is a simple polarization lidar that detects near surface dust phenomena at meteorological stations. Another is a lidar for monitoring indoor particulates in a factory environment.
Short-Range Supercontinuum Lidar for Water Vapor and Temperature Analysis in Power Plant Boiler
Authors: Saleh Abba , Ryczkowski Piotr , Genty Goëry , Toivonen Juha
Published: February 2021

We demonstrate a supercontinuum lidar to measure water vapor concentration and temperature in a high-temperature power plant boiler. The method utilizes three wavelength bands at 1200-1600 nm wavelength range and allows single-port measurements.
Labyrinth Absorber Metasurface Based on Metageometries for High Sensitivity Sensing Applications
Authors: Jáuregui-López Irati , Rodriguez-Ulibarri Pablo , Kuznetsov Sergei A. , Beruete Miguel
Published: February 2021

Here a high-sensitivity metasensor working in the terahertz band is presented and its performance as a sensing device is numerically and experimentally evaluated, achieving high values of sensitivity for both thin-film sensor and fungi detector.
Ultra-sensitive chiral sensing and analysis from the nanoscale to the earth’s atmosphere
Authors: Bougas Lykourgos
Published: February 2021

Chirality plays an essential role in life and, therefore, in modem science. I’ll present novel technologies for ultra-sensitive, absolute, chiral sensing and analysis, in all phases, from the nanoscale to the earth’s atmosphere.
Reflectance and transmittance of terahertz waves from graphene embedded into metamaterial structures
Authors: Toqeer I. , Yaqoob M. Z. , Ghaffar A. , Alkanhal Majeed A. S. , Khan Y. , Aladadi Yosef T.
Published: February 2021

In this work, the theoretical study of the interaction of terahertz (THz) waves with graphene embedded into two different semi-infinite metamaterials was carried out. To model the graphene, the effective surface conductivity approach based on the Kubo formalism was used. In addition, two types of metamaterials, i.e., double-positive (DPS) and double-negative (DNG), were studied in the THz regime. The numerical modeling of metamaterials was performed in the framework of causality-principle-based Kramers–Kronig relations. The reflectance and transmittance from the graphene-embedded metamaterial structures are studied for the following four different configurations: DPS–Graphene–DPS, DPS–Graphene–DNG, DNG–Graphene–DPS, and DNG–Graphene–DNG. The influence of the chemical potential and scattering rate on the reflectance and transmittance for each configuration is analyzed. It is concluded that the DPS–Graphene–DPS and DNG–Graphene–DNG configurations behave as anti-reflectors for the THz waves, while the DPS–Graphene–DNG and DNG–Graphene–DPS configurations are suitable for THz reflector applications. Moreover, a parametric study revealed that the relative permittivity of the partnering metamaterial can be used as an additional degree of freedom to control the reflectance and transmittance of THz waves. In conclusion, the transmissive and reflective characteristics of THz waves can be controlled effectively with the appropriate choice of graphene parameters, as well as the configuration of metamaterial structures. The convergence of the analytical and numerical results is found with the published results under special conditions. The present work may have potential applications in the design of THz wave controllers, reflectors, absorbers, and anti-reflectors.
Digital Holography for Laser Weapons and Remote Sensing
Authors: Perram Glen P.
Published: February 2021

Digital holography may replace Shock Hartmann imagers for long range, deep turbulence wavefront sensing. System efficiency can exceed 30%, depending on source coherence.
Multiplexed Structured Image Capture: Applications for High-Speed Imaging and Field of View Extension
Authors: Gragston Mark , Smith Cary D. , McCord Walker , He Zichen , Williamson Nathan , Zhang Zhili
Published: February 2021

Structured and patterned light techniques have recently gained a significant amount of attention for optical imaging and measurements. Depending on the application, these techniques can enhance resolution, reduce background noise, allow for ultrafast imaging, or enable hyperspectral analysis. Multiplexed structtired image capture (MJSIC) is an imaging technique that uses unique periodic patterning of light just prior to imaging by a camera. The periodic structtired light allows for image information to be kept separate in the Fourier domain, allowing for multiple images to be simultaneously acquired and stored on one sensor, effectively multiplexing images. The captured images can be recovered via simple Fourier analysis. This work showcases some of the unique measurements enabled by this technique.
Modification of the coherent model function for S-branch Raman linewidth determination in oxygen
Authors: Hölzer J. I. , Meißner C. , Seeger T.
Published: February 2021

The model function for the determination of oxygen S-branch Raman linewidths from pure rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectra was modified to simplify modeling of short decay times and small signal intensities.
Feasibility of THz time-domain spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy for identification of pharmaceutical drugs
Authors: Singh Khushboo , Bandyopadhyay Aparajita , Sengupta Amartya
Published: February 2021

In this work, the spectral signature of two of the drugs, Amlosafe -AT® and Losar* - H, used for treatment of hypertension, has been probed using Terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy and well-established Raman spectroscopy.
Development of gas sensing Lidars for industrial and climate issues
Authors: Cézard Nicolas , Dherbecourt Jean-Baptiste , Raybaut Myriam , Dolfi-Bouteyre Agnès
Published: February 2021

We review recent developments conducted in our Lidar research groups concerning gas sensing lidars for industrial and climate issues. Those include DIAL lidars for CH4/CO2 monitoring, as well as a Raman lidar for H2H2O monitoring.
WaVIL : a Differential Absorption LIDAR for Water Vapor and Isotope HDO Observation in the Lower Troposphere - Instrument Design
Authors: Hamperl J. , Capitaine C. , Santagata R. , Dherbecourt J.-B. , Melkonian J.-M. , Godard A. , Raybaut M. , Régalia L. , Grouiez B. , Blouzon F. , Geyskens N. , Evesque C. , Chazette P. , Totems J. , Flamant C.
Published: February 2021

We present the design of a differential absorption LIDAR targeting HDO/H216O isotopic ratio measurement with high vertical resolution. This approach is enabled by infrared water vapor spectroscopy and recent high power multi-species parametric emitter developments.
Multi-Spectral SWIR Lidar for Imaging and Spectral Discrimination through Partial Obscurations
Authors: Sivaprakasam Vasanthi , Gemar Heath E. , Yetzbacher Michael K , Watnik Abbie T.
Published: February 2021

A multi-spectral supercontinuum based lidar system is developed and characterized to provide higher classification and detection of objects in obscured environments with potential applications for forest canopy mapping, pollution monitoring of waterways.
Optical 2D Coherent Spectroscopy of Many-body Interaction and Correlation in Atoms
Authors: Li Hebin
Published: February 2021

Optical 2D coherence spectroscopy was performed in dilute atomic vapors. The 2D spectra revealed long-range dipole-dipole interaction between atoms at a mean separation up to 16 micrometers and multi-atom correlation up to seven atoms.
Quadrature Fringe Imaging Interferometer for Index of Refraction Measurements
Authors: Wang Gwendolyn T. , Mazumdar Yi Chen
Published: February 2021

An analog quadrature encoder technique is coupled with a Michelson inter ferometer for capturing the refractive index in gases. When combined with a broadband source, this technique can also measure refractive index across discrete shock-wave boundaries.
3D laser absorption imaging of combustion gases assisted by deep learning
Authors: Wei Chuyu , Schwarm Kevin K. , Pineda Daniel I. , Spearrin R. Mitchell
Published: February 2021

Mid-infrared laser absorption imaging of combustion species is expanded to three dimensions using a deep learning-based approach to the inversion problem. Initial CH4 and CO measurements are performed in laminar flames.
Temperature Measurements in Turbulent Sooting Jet Flames Using Filtered Rayleigh Scattering
Authors: Pu Jinpeng , Sutton Jeffrey A.
Published: February 2021

Temperature measurements in sooting non-premixed jet flames using filtered Rayleigh scattering (FRS) are presented. Fuel tailoring permits quantitative measurements with a single FRS measurement and no assumed state relations. High accuracy and signal-to-noise are demonstrated.
High-Energy Flexible Probe Pulse Generation for kHz fs-ps Rotational Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering
Authors: Braun Erik L. , Rahman Kazi Arafat , Athmanathan Venkat , Slipchenko Mikhail N. , Roy Sukesh , Meyer Terrence R.
Published: February 2021

A diode pumped Nd:YAG narrowband spectral amplifier was demonstrated to generate high energy picosecond probe pulses for hybrid femtosecond/picosecond rotational coherent antiStokes Raman scattering thermometry measurements in a calibration flame and rotating detonation engine exhaust.
Radar REMPI for Quantitative Combustion and Plasma Diagnostics
Authors: Zhang Zhili , Wu Yue , Gragston Mark , Sawyer Jordan , Smith Cary
Published: February 2021

Coherent microwave Rayleigh scattering for detection resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (radar REh^I) has been developed for trace species in air, atomic and radicals in hydrocarbon flames, plasma parameters, and semiconductor inspection in the past decade.
Pulse-Burst Generation for Single-Shot Time-Resolved Dual-Comb Spectroscopy of Laser-Induced Plasmas
Authors: Weeks Reagan R. D. , Zhang Yu , Lecaplain Caroline , Yeak Jeremy , Harilal Sivanandan S. , Phillips Mark C. , Jones R Jason
Published: February 2021

We present measurements of the time-evolution of multiple transitions present in a laser- induced plasma in a single-shot using dual-comb spectroscopy. The plasma is probed at multiple times using eight delayed pulses in the probe comb.
3D luminescent concentrators
Authors: Pichon Pierre , Balembois François , Druon Frédéric , Georges Patrick
Published: February 2021

A solution to develop high-brightness incoherent sources consists in luminescent concentration. Indeed, the absorption/emission process in a high index medium allows us to circumvent the brightness conservation law by the confinement of the light in 1 or 2 dimensions. In practice, Ce-doped luminescent concentrators pumped with InGaN LED exceed LED’s brightness by one order of magnitude. This work shows how light confinement in 3 dimensions increases the brightness by an additional order of magnitude. Thanks to an analytical approach validated by experimental results, this concept gives new degrees of freedom for the design of luminescent concentrators and paves the way to a generation of incoherent sources among the brightest ever designed.
Antireflection temporal coatings: comment
Authors: Mai Wending , Xu Jingwei , Werner Douglas H.
Published: February 2021

The quarter-wavelength matching technique is widely used because it
minimizes the reflection while it maximizes the transmission. The
recently introduced antireflection temporal coatings (ATCs)
[Optica
7, 323 (2020)10.1364/OPTICA.381175]
have been considered as its temporal analog. However, our study shows
that by introducing an ATC, not only will the reflection be reduced
but also the transmission. This phenomenon is opposite its spatial
counterpart, which indicates that ATCs are more than simply a temporal
dual of quarter-wavelength matching. This is a direct consequence of
the different physical phenomena that are manifested in the temporal
and spatial domains.
Polarization-sensitive optical diffraction tomography
Authors: Saba Amirhossein , Lim Joowon , Ayoub Ahmed B. , Antoine Elizabeth E. , Psaltis Demetri
Published: February 2021

Polarization of light has been widely used as a contrast mechanism in two-dimensional (2D) microscopy and also in some three-dimensional (3D) imaging modalities. In this paper, we report the 3D tomographic reconstruction of the refractive index (RI) tensor using 2D scattered fields measured for different illumination angles and polarizations. Conventional optical diffraction tomography (ODT) has been used as a quantitative, label-free 3D imaging method. It is based on the scalar formalism, which limits its application to isotropic samples. We achieve imaging of the birefringence of 3D objects through a reformulation of ODT based on vector diffraction theory. The off-diagonal components of the RI tensor reconstruction convey additional information that is not available in either conventional scalar ODT or 2D polarization microscopy. Finally, we show experimental reconstructions of 3D objects with a polarization-sensitive contrast metric quantitatively displaying the true birefringence of the samples.
Experimental Analysis of Joint Impact of Atmospheric Turbulence and Refractivity on Laser Beam Propagation over 149 km Path
Authors: Vorontsov Mikhail , Polnau Ernst , Kulikov Victor , Weyrauch Thomas
Published: February 2021

The presentation provides an overview of laser beam propagation experiments performed between Mauna Loa and Haleakala summits (149 km propagation distance) between April 3 and April 15, 2019. The measured data demonstrate high variability and strong coupling of refractivity and turbulence-induced effects on laser beam propagation characteristics.
Atmospheric Optical Turbulence and Inertial Subrange Spectra Over the Ocean
Authors: Wang Qing , Ortiz-Suslow David , Wauer Benjamin J. , Yamaguchi Ryan T. , Kalogiros John A.
Published: February 2021

A comprehensive dataset was collected in a recent field campaign to characterize the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). Results of turbulence spectra are presented here to show the complications in estimating c2 in the MABL.
Comparison of Phase Conjugation in Laser Beams Propagating in Mono-static Links with Air and Water Turbulence
Authors: Korotkova O. , Avramov-Zamurovic S. , Nelson C.
Published: February 2021

A recent theoretical prediction on the existence of the Enhanced BackScatter (EBS) effect in oceanic hrrbulence is confirmed experimentally. A comparison is also made between the laser beam EBS occurring in air and water hurbulence.
Implementation of Long Focus Distance with Non-Zero Radial Initial Velocity AVBA in Turbulent Atmosphere
Authors: Yi Xiang , Ding Wandong , Yue Peng
Published: February 2021

We propose a non-zero radial initial velocity AVBA to increase the focus distance of the autofocusing light beam in hrrbulent atmosphere. The simulation shows that the crosstalk among the OAM modes do not become seriously.
Spherical Wave Source Models and Simulation through von Karman Turbulence
Authors: Wijerathna Erandi , Zhan Hanyu , Voelz David
Published: February 2021

Different “point” models are investigated for spherical wave simulations through von Karman turbulence. The scintillation index is found to be sensitive to the source model and the inner scale. The Fried parameter is sensitive to the outer scale.
Quadrant Fourier transforms and their use in wave decoding
Authors: Wu Chensheng , Davis Christopher C.
Published: February 2021

A new optical structure with two identical micro-lens arrays (MLAs) has been found useful in simplifying the gradient field extraction of an arbitrary wave. In particular, it speeds up the efficiency of decoding and localizing special structures embedded in an arbitrary optical wave. We use a generalized Quadrant Fourier Transform concept to explain for the mechanism of the device. Furthermore, we show that micro-structured optics will be able to perform complex algorithms in optical computing in the near future, which will also be beneficial for adaptive optics study.
Profiling of atmospheric turbulence from dual-camera time-lapse imagery of a LED array
Authors: Bose-Pillai Santasri , Wilson Benjamin , McCrae Jack , Boeckenstedt Alexander , Archibald Aaron , Keefer Kevin , Fiorino Steven
Published: February 2021

Turbulence distribution along a path is estimated from differential motion of pairs of LEDs on a target board, sensed by a single camera and between two cameras. The method is compared to point measurements from sonic anemometers.
Profiling of atmospheric turbulence using time-lapse imagery of noncooperative targets from multiple cameras
Authors: Wilson Benjamin , Bose-Pillai Santasri , McCrae Jack , Fiorino Steven
Published: February 2021

A time-lapse imaging method for turbulence profiling using targets of opportunity is demonstrated. The approach uses differential tilt variances between target features sensed by two cameras. These measurements can help understand altitude dependence of turbulence.
Retrieval of the Refractive Index Structure Parameter from Frequency Comb Timing Jitter Data
Authors: Hannah Emily D. , Swann William C. , Ellis Jennifer L. , Bodine Martha I. , Mak Carter , Kuczun Nathan , Newbury Nathan R. , Sinclair Laura C. , Muschinski Andreas , Rieker Gregory B.
Published: February 2021

We measure optical timing jitter due to atmospheric turbulence using frequency comb lasers. Retrieving the refractive index structure parameter, Cn2, from this data, we find windspeed- dependent agreement to Cn2 values derived from in situ instruments.
Delay-weight plasticity-based supervised learning in optical spiking neural networks
Authors: Han Yanan , Xiang Shuiying , Ren Zhenxing , Fu Chentao , Wen Aijun , Hao Yue
Published: February 2021

We propose a modified supervised learning algorithm for optical spiking neural networks, which introduces synaptic time-delay plasticity on the basis of traditional weight training. Delay learning is combined with the remote supervised method that is incorporated with photonic spike-timing-dependent plasticity. A spike sequence learning task implemented via the proposed algorithm is found to have better performance than via the traditional weight-based method. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is also applied to two benchmark data sets for classification. In a simple network structure with only a few optical neurons, the classification accuracy based on the delay-weight learning algorithm is significantly improved compared with weight-based learning. The introduction of delay adjusting improves the learning efficiency and performance of the algorithm, which is helpful for photonic neuromorphic computing and is also important specifically for understanding information processing in the biological brain.
Interfacing photonics with artificial intelligence: an innovative design strategy for photonic structures and devices based on artificial neural networks
Authors: Xu Yihao , Zhang Xianzhe , Fu Yun , Liu Yongmin
Published: February 2021

Over the past decades, photonics has transformed many areas in both fundamental research and practical applications. In particular, we can manipulate light in a desired and prescribed manner by rationally designed subwavelength structures. However, constructing complex photonic structures and devices is still a time-consuming process, even for experienced researchers. As a subset of artificial intelligence, artificial neural networks serve as one potential solution to bypass the complicated design process, enabling us to directly predict the optical responses of photonic structures or perform the inverse design with high efficiency and accuracy. In this review, we will introduce several commonly used neural networks and highlight their applications in the design process of various optical structures and devices, particularly those in recent experimental works. We will also comment on the future directions to inspire researchers from different disciplines to collectively advance this emerging research field.
Multi-Species Environmental Gas Sensing Using Drone-Based Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Rutkauskas M. , Asenov M. , Ramamoorthy S. , Reid D. T.
Published: February 2021

A 3-11 pm FTIR spectrometer is integrated with an autonomous UAV, enabling multi-species environmental gas sensing with a sensitivity of 37 ppm and noise-limited performance of 18 ppm (propane). Source localization is demonstrated using Bayesian interpolation.
Photothermal Gas Sensing Inside a Monolithic Diode- Pumped Solid-State Laser Resonator
Authors: Dudzik Grzegorz , Krzempek Karol , Jaworski Piotr , Kozioł Paweł , Bojęś Piotr , Abramski Krzysztof M.
Published: February 2021

Here we present a novel, miniaturized and sub-ppm level gas sensor configuration. To estimate the gas sample concentration the photothermal effect inside a monolithic, diode-pumped solid-state laser (Nd:YVO4/YVO4/Air-Gap) resonator is induced.
Micro-Resonator-Based Seismometer
Authors: Silva Jaime da , Salameh Elie R. , Ötügen M. Volkan , Fourguette Dominique
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we demonstrate an application of high Q-factor optical ring resonators to seismometry. A coupled opto-mechanical (cantilever + ring resonator) system was successfully used to track the motion of a vibration table.
Highly Sensitive Bi-conically Tapered Fiber Sensor with Wavelength-dependent Sensitivity
Authors: Salik Ertan , Sanchez Martin , Herrera Victor , Pala Ragip
Published: February 2021

We studied the dependence of sensitivity of a biconically tapered optical fiber sensor on the wavelength of light used, and experimentally demonstrated refractive index sensitivity of about 11000 nm/RIU near 1570 nm. We predict that tapered fiber refractive index sensors with sensitivities exceeding 50000 nm/RIU can be developed. We attribute the enhanced sensitivity mainly to the nonlinear variation of the difference in mode propagation constants with wavelength. Such high sensitivity with low cost and simplicity makes tapered fiber refractive index sensors good candidates for sensing applications in medical diagnosis, food safety, environmental monitoring, and biodefense.
Frequency Changes Due to Birefringence in the Optical Polarization Maintaining Fibre Sensor
Authors: Kyselak Martin , Vlcek Cestmir , Vavra Jiri , Slavicek Karel , Grenar David
Published: February 2021

The paper describer some scientific experiments made with polarization maintaining Fibre used as a sensor element. The objective was to found some dependencies of birefringence in polarization-maintaining optical Fibre on optical signal frequency changes.
Hybrid ring resonator sensor with high quality factor and wide dynamic range
Authors: Yadav Mukesh , Noh Jong Wook , Hjelme Dag Roar , Aksnes Astrid
Published: February 2021

We present a silicon waveguide-based microring resonator sensor with high Q-factor and enhanced dynamic range. Q-factor of 57,000 and dynamic range of 3.7 nm is reported for a microring with a radius of 45 pm.
Hydrogen gas sensing by metasurfaces composed of aluminum doped zinc oxide nanotubes
Authors: Chatterjee Sharmistha , Shkondin Evgeniy , Takayama Osamu , Fisher Adam , Fraiwan Arwa , Gurkan Umui A. , Lavrinenko Andrei V. , Sirangi Giuseppe
Published: February 2021

We demonstrate optical hydrogen sensing using metasurfaces based on aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) nanotubes. The sensing system shows 2-13 nm of resonance wavelength shift upon exposure to hydrogen gas of concentration 0.7-4.0 % within 10 minutes.
Digital Detection of microRNA with Nanoparticle Tags under Photonic Resonator Absorption Microscopy
Authors: Li Nantao , Canady Taylor D. , Lu Yi , Kohli Manish , Smith Andrew M. , Cunningham Brian T.
Published: February 2021

We present an ultra-sensitive (<1 pM) and selective platform for microRNA detection based on enhanced nanoparticle absorption assisted by plasmonic-photonic hybridization.
Development of Activate Capture and Digital Counting (AC+DC) Assay on a Self-Powered Microfluidic Cartridge for Protein Biomarker Detection
Authors: Che Congnyu , Li Nantao , Long Kenneth D. , Aguirre Miguel Ángel , Canady Taylor D. , Huang Qinglan , Demirci Utkan , Cunningham Brian T.
Published: February 2021

Activate capture and digital counting (AC + DC) is a rapid, 2-step, and ultrasensitive assay for protein quantification from a single droplet through the nanoparticle-photonic crystal coupling embedded in a self-powered microfluidic cartridge.
Hyperspectral Imaging using a THz dual-comb source
Authors: Martín-Mateos Pedro , de Dios Cristina , Cibiraitè-Lukenskienè Dovile , Betancur Andrés , Barreiro-Marcos Roberto , Ikamas Kęstutis , Lisauskas Alvydas , Krozer V. , Acedo Pablo
Published: February 2021

We use a THz dual-comb optical source to perform high-speed hyperspectral imaging in the 300 GHz range with high sensitivity field-effect transistor-based THz detectors. First hyperspectral imaging results of different samples are shown using a scanning system, demonstrating the localization of interesting spectral features in the specimens.
Strain Sensing with THz Metamaterial Composites
Authors: Khatib Omar , Tyler Talmage , Padilla Willie J. , Jokerst Nan M. , Everitt Henry O.
Published: February 2021

Terahertz metamaterials with strain-sensitive junctions are introduced to identify structurally compromised regions of composite materials. Spatially mapping the local polarimetric metamaterial response visualizes and records regions of stress extrema experienced by visibly opaque materials.
Single-shot measurement and moving time-gating method in optical frequency domain reflectometry for vibration sensing
Authors: Qu Shuai , Zhao Zhigang , Xu Yanping , Li Zhao , Wang Heng , Qin Zengguang
Published: February 2021

The single-shot measurement and moving time-gating method are proposed to improve measurement accuracy and detection bandwidth in distributed dynamic strain sensing by using time- resolved optical frequency domain reflectometiy
Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexing of Branched Fiber Bragg Grating Arrays
Authors: Haerteis Lisa-Sophie , Renner Esther , Schmauss Bernhard
Published: February 2021

A novel measurement configuration for branched sensing of fiber Bragg grating arrays is proposed. Combined time and wavelength division multiplexing supports an increased number of sensors without the extension of the unambiguous range.
Fast FBG Interrogation with Active Sagnac Interferometer Using Off-the-shelf Fiber Components
Authors: Oton C. J. , Tozzetti L. , Di Pasquale F.
Published: February 2021

We present a polarization-independent fiber Bragg grating (FBG) interrogator based on a rapidly-tunable Sagnac interferometer using a dual-polarization lithium-niobate phase modulator. A bandwidth of 100 kHz along a range beyond a full free-spectral-range is demonstrated.
Bridging the Connectivity Gap between Optical (Bio)Chemical Sensors and the Digital World: An NFC Wearable Wireless Sensor Platform
Authors: Steinberg Ivana Murkovic , Steinberg Matthew D.
Published: February 2021

This paper introduces a low-cost NFC wireless platform for optical wearable (bio)chemical sensing, and presents integrated molecular architectures for potential applications - smart bandages and T-shirts - as wearables for wound and sweat monitoring.
Nanoplasmonic imaging of extracellular exosomes on undercut arrayed gold nanodisks
Authors: Kafle Bijesh , Misbah Ibrahim , Gunawardhana LKADDS , Lin Steven H. , Shih Wei-Chuan
Published: February 2021

We present nanoplasmonic imaging of exosome using antibody-functionalized undercut arrayed gold nanodisks. We show a nanoplasmonic shift map that allows the detection and quantitation of exosome binding.
Nanoplasmonic microbubble and nanoplasmonic sensing - two birds in one stone
Authors: Ohannesian Nareg , Misbah Ibrahim , Shih Wei-Chuan
Published: February 2021

We present low power operated nanoplasmonic microbubble generation using near infrared light for particle concentrating on high-density arrayed nanoporous gold disks. Utilizing a spatial light modulator provides precise control of size and location of multiple microbubbles. After concentrating, various nanoplasmonic sensing techniques can be directly performed.
Spin based magneto-mechanical coupling of nanoscale glass cantilevers for quantum sensing
Authors: Sidhu Mehra S. , Singh Kamal P.
Published: February 2021

We fabricated ultra-thin glass cantilevers using femtosecond laser pulses while integrating nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers at its tip. The magneto-mechanical coupling of electron spins in integrated NV center’s was exploited for quantum sensing applications.
Fiber-Optic Temperature Sensor for Bleed Air Leak Detection with cm-Scale Spatial Resolution
Authors: Marx Benjamin , Jungbluth Tim , Warstat Kevin , Jostmeier Thorben , Schroeder Andreas , Hill Wieland
Published: February 2021

A new fiber-optic tystem for bleed air leak detection in aircraft is presented. It has the capability to detect 2.5 cm long hot-spots on a 50 m long densely spaced FBG fiber within a measurement time of 100 ms.
In-situ Non-contact High-temperature Measurement of an Optical Fiber up to the Glass Softening Point
Authors: Mühlberger K. , Harvey C. M. , Fokine M.
Published: February 2021

Using a transversely focused laser beam the optical fiber itself can function as a partially reflecting concentric cavity interferometer. By monitoring of the back- scattered interference signal temperature measurements approaching the glass softening point is demonstrated.
FBG Based Electric Field Sensor for MRI Safety
Authors: Yaras Yusuf Samet , Kocaturk Ozgur , Degertekin F. Levent
Published: February 2021

A fiber-optic electric field sensor utilizing an FBG based acousto-optic modulator is introduced. Sensitivity of 246 nV/V/m with minimum detectable magnetic field strength of 2.7V/m/Hz and dynamic range of 117dB/٧Hz are demonstrated at 23MHz.
LYSO scintillator with optical fibers to measurement γ radiation
Authors: Jelinek M. , Mikel B. , Hrabina J. , Cip O.
Published: February 2021

We present results of ionizing radiation measurement using optical fibers and LYSO scintillator. The LYSO was used to detect the radiation and the silica fibers were used to deliver scintillation radiation to single photon counter.
Ratiometric optical urea sensor based on CdSe/ZnS QDs and Rh110 doped in polymer matrix
Authors: Chu Cheng-Shane , Lin Cheng-Yi
Published: February 2021

This paper presented a new ratiometic optical sensor for sensing of urea concentrations based on CdSe/ZnS QDs and Rhodamine 110 (Rh110) doped in poly(isobutyl methacrylate) coated on the surface of glass.