bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Information Management and User Engagement in Corporate Social Responsibility Communication: A Comparative Analysis of Chinese and Latin American Companies on WeChat and Facebook
Authors: Yuxun Zhou  , Qinxin Zhang  , Xiangyang Feng
Published: September 2024

China and America are world’s leading countries in technology, digitalization and advanced systems. Both countries seek to maximize their system qualities and customer-centered services to capture their engagement and long-term interaction. In this domain, this study investigated the impact of information system factors on users’ engagement with the mediation of corporate social responsibility (CSR). This study was structured according to quantitative methodology, wherein the data was collected through a survey questionnaire comprising close-ended questions on a Likert scale. The data was analyzed on SPSS 20 and AMOS 24.0. Using the SEM and specific indirect effects, the study encountered all designed paths as significant. Moreover, the comparative analysis revealed that both countries had a significant difference in terms of information system quality, CSR and user engagement with significance level >0.05 and 0.01. With these findings, this study shared valuable contributions, implications and suggestions for the policymakers, managers and IT experts that how far enhancing their information systems and their backend information and algorithms to gain an alleviated user engagement
Information and Communication Technology, Integrated Marketing Communication, Social Media Branding and Memorable Tourist Experience Impact on Heritage Green Tourism
Authors: Mansour Alyahya
Published: September 2024

The research aimed to empirically test the impact of information and communication technology, information marketing communication, social branding, and memorable tourist experiences on green tourism with the mediating effect of tourist behavior on Saudi Arabian heritage tourism. The study also tested the moderating role of tourist environmental attitudes between tourist behavior and green tourism. For this purpose, employing self-administered questionnaire data collected from 370 tourists from two Saudi Arabia areas namely Al-Ula and Diriyah. Use a convenient sampling technique, cross[1]sectional research design, and Partial Least Square (PLS)-Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique for data analysis. The findings reveal that social media branding, information and communication technology, information marketing communication, and memorable tourism experiences each have a positive and significant impact on green tourism. The study also identifies the mediating role of tourism behavior and the moderating effect of environmental attitudes. These findings contribute to theoretical understanding by integrating these factors into a mediated-moderated model and offer implications for developing targeted green tourism strategies which emphasize the need for coordinated marketing efforts, and memorable eco-focused experiences. Practically, these results highlight the importance of enhancing tourist engagement with green tourism and achieving sustainability goals which is offering an actionable insights for green tourism
HRM and Its Effect on Employee, Organizational, and Financial Outcomes in Organizations
Authors: Talapbayeva G.E. , Yerniyazova Z.N. , Kultanova N.B. , Alibekova A.B.
Published: September 2024

Object: To study the impact of Human Resource Management (HRM) on employee outcomes, organizational, and financial performance.
Methods: Both quantitative and qualitative data analysis methods were used. The sample included 500 employees from 100 organizations from various sectors such as manufacturing, healthcare, services and education. Data were collected through surveys and semi-structured interviews with managers and employees. Statistical methods, including regression and correlation analysis were applied using SPSS software.
Results: The implementation of HRM practices improved labor productivity by 15 %, job satisfaction by 20 %, and reduced employee turnover by 10 %. There was strong correlation between HRM practices and job satisfaction (correlation coefficient of 0.70) and a negative correlation with employee turnover (-0.50). Company profits increased by 15 %, and personnel costs decreased by 10 %.
Conclusions: Effective HRM practices such as employee recognition, motivation programs and continuous development contribute to increased productivity and strengthened organizational culture, leading to improved financial performance and lower turnover.
Increasing the involvement of citizens in the decision-making process of territorial development through digitalization
Authors: Alisharipov A.T. , Utepova G.M. , Kusainova L.I.
Published: September 2024

Object: The introduction of participatory budgeting in a digital format in order to increase civic engagement in making managerial decisions on territorial development. The hypothesis of the study is that digital participatory budgeting increases the role of institutions of local government and civil society.
Methods: The study used the method of content analysis in the study of foreign experience and normative legal acts regulating the activities of local self-government of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Findings: Based on the results of the analysis, it was revealed that the policy of decentralization affects the territorial development of developed countries. The level of decentralization is closely related to how local governments perform their role in the distribution of various functions within the public administration system and is crucial for regional development. In this regard, the project "Organization of a set of measures aimed at the development of local self-government" in Kazakhstan uses a digital platform of participatory budgeting to involve citizens, public organizations, local authorities and local community meetings for the uniform development of the country's regions.
Conclusions: Currently, the Republic of Kazakhstan is in the process of building a new model of interaction between the state apparatus and citizens based on the principle of "human-centricity". The conducted research shows that the use of digital platforms contributes to an increase in the activity of citizens in the process of making managerial decisions. The Berekeli Bastama project, launched at the level of the entire republic, can become a driver for the development of participatory budgeting and the development of the territory as a whole.
Білім экономикалық санат ретінде: эволюцияны талдау
Authors: Шакенова Г.А. , Святов С.А. , Абилов Д.К. , Невматулина K.A. , Хишауева Ж.Т.
Published: September 2024

Мақсаты: Экономикалық әдебиеттерде кеңінен талқыланып келген, әр өркениетті елдің дамуында маңызды, экономика мен білім арасындағы байланыстың эволюциясын талдау.
Әдісі: Талдау жүргізу үшін шетел зерттеушілерінің жариялымдардағы еңбектері пайдаланылған. Талдау бибилиометриялық жүйелерді визуализациялауға арналған VOSviewer бағдарламалық құралы көмегімен жасалды. Ғылыми қызғушылық пәні ретінде «білім саласы» және «экономика» негізгі сөздері кездескен жариялымдар алынды. Ол ғылыми библиометриялық картталарды зерттей отырып, зияткерлік талдау жүргізуге мүмкіндік берді.
Қорытынды: Талдау нәтижесінде, екі ұғымның арасындағы мәселен, байланыстың тығыздығы анықталды, сонымен қатар кластерлік талдаудың нәтижесінде құрылымдары анықталды. Бұл ретте әр кезеңдердегі талдауға алынған ұғымдардың өзгерісі: нақты айтқанда қалыптасу кезеңінен бастап, сондай ақ, заманауй аспектілердің әсерінен түрленуі нақтыланды. Алайда, тарихи өзгерісті талдауда ертеректе негізгі ұғымның сипатының адами капитал болса, заманауи аспектілер инвестиция, біліктілік, табыстылықты қамтитын сипаттарға ауысқанын көрсетті. Кейінгі зерттеулер цифровизациялау төңірегіне көшкені байқалады.
Тұжырымдама: Жүргізілген талдау нәтижесінде: білім, өндірістің өнімділігін арттырып, инновацияларды ынталандырып және капиталды дамыта отырып, экономикалық өсудің негізі факторлардың бірі болып табылады. Алайда, заманауй талаптарға сәйкес, жоғары табысты болу үшін жұмыс күшін қажетті дағдылар мен сондай ақ біліммен қамтамасыз етуіне қажеттілі анықталған.
The development of urbanization processes in the Republic of Kazakhstan and abroad: a comparative analysis
Authors: Akhmetova A. , Nakipova G. , Turgel I. , Mambetova S.
Published: September 2024

Object: The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of the processes of urbanization development in Kazakhstan and in Russia, covering the chronological framework of almost a century period.
Methods: concretization and abstraction; retrospective analysis and classification; comparative analysis; descrip tive method; statistical methods and methods of scientific analysis and synthesis.
Findings: The key findings of the study are summarized in the following conclusions:
- The special demographic structure of the 1980s was reinforced by the economic restructuring of the 1990s and gave rise to probably the most important problem of the 21st century in Russia and the countries of the former USSR: demographic decline and urban population decline.
- At present, the development of former socialist cities is largely determined by market forces and democratically elected governments. However, they are also not fully developed capitalist cities.
- The main similarity between the urbanization of Russia and Kazakhstan is the gap between the most developed major cities of federal and republican significance and lagging medium and small cities.
- In Russia and Kazakhstan, medium and small towns are often characterized by specialized and less diversified economies.
Conclusions: The development of medium-sized and small cities in Russia and Kazakhstan faces the main problems: lack of financing and/or inefficient use; barriers to decentralization; insufficiently effective regulatory framework and lack of standards or their ineffective implementation regarding sustainable and environmentally friendly develop ment.
Profiles and analysis of cash flows in enterprises: on the example of an enterprise in Kazakhstan and Turkey
Authors: Nurzhanova I.S. , Banu Başar A.
Published: September 2024

Object: The aim of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis of the cash flow statements of the largest air lines in Turkey and Kazakhstan over the period 2019–2023, using the cash flow dependent activity model.
Methods: The study utilized the cash flow transaction model proposed by Gup et al., which serves as a complementary model for estimating financial data derived from cash flow statements.
Findings: The article discusses the cash flow statement, its significance, presentation, and reporting, as well as the definition of a business model on which cash flows depend and an explanation of eight different models. It also analyz es the cash flow statements of some of the largest airlines in Turkey and Kazakhstan over the period 2019–2023 and presents the results. Based on the analysis, it concludes that the airlines under study fit the profile of Model 2, indicating a successful business model.
Conclusions: When analysed, it is evident that the cash flows of the companies in the study primarily follow Model 2 (+, -, -), which is recognised as the most successful business model. The cash flow profile of successful businesses (+, -, -) ranks first in this study, as it does in all other studies.
Features of the regional tourism product promotion of Mangystau region in the context of the “Experience Economy” development
Authors: Bekmurzayeva Zh.A. , Uruzbayeva N.A.
Published: September 2024

Object: The main goal of this study is to identify the specifics of promoting the regional tourism product of the Mangystau region in the context of the influence of the “Experience Economy” on it. The hypothesis of this study is that the level of development of infrastructure and, in particular, accommodation facilities is not a determining factor in the influx of incoming tourists (non-residents).
Methods: To achieve this goal, the following scientific methods were used: generalization method, structural analy sis, quantitative analysis, graphical method.
Findings: It is known that the tourist product largely consists of intangible services, the use value and value of which is measured mainly by emotions, new sensations and impressions among tourists. The main source of added value in tourism, according to the concept of the “Economy of Experiences,” today is not just tourist services, but positive im pressions and feelings of consumers. In particular, certain dimensions of the experience economy are hypothesized to shape perceptions of well-being. In addition, it is assumed that the perception of well-being can lead to two managerial outcomes: brand identification and intentions to return to it, which will shape the promotion strategy of the tourism prod uct.
Conclusions: In the context of growing internal and external competition in the tourism services market, on the one hand, and the increasing spread of the concept of the “Experience Economy”, its influence on the promotion of RTP, it is important to diversify promotion channels in terms of strengthening their emotional component.
The potential of youth and older people's participation in the development of creative industries in Kazakhstan and the directions of its activation
Authors: Assanova M.K. , Khussainova Zh.S. , Kankulov M.K. , Zhartay Zh.M. , Bektleyeva D.Ye.
Published: September 2024

Object: To assess the potential for diversification of socio-economic participation of youth and older people in the development of creative industries of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Methods: The research uses methods of indirect (questionnaire) selective sociological survey with the allocation of individual focus groups, graphical interpretation of the answers received and their comparative analysis.
Findings: The object of the study were the largest cities of Kazakhstan: Astana, Almaty, Shymkent, Karaganda. Four focus groups were surveyed: youth, the elderly, representatives of creative industries, and government agencies. A set of specialized state support measures has been proposed to enhance the socio-economic potential of young people and the elderly.
Conclusions: The study shows that in Kazakhstan, creative industries are more developed in cities than in rural areas. There are certain infrastructural foundations and a creative environment for the formation of creative clusters, especially in the cities of Almaty and Astana. The degree of involvement of young people and the elderly in production and consumption has an impact on the diversification of creative industries. It was revealed that young people are actively involved in the production and consumption of creative products, more than half of the youth see themselves in the creative business. Older people also participate in the production and consumption of products from creative industries, but to a lesser extent, their involvement in the production process is especially low, despite having significant potential and experience of creative activity in the past, as well as the activity of visiting creative spaces and creative leisure activities. Among the barriers limiting the development of creative industries in Kazakhstan, financial constraints have the greatest weight. Representatives of the creative industries show a more complex picture of the real situation in the creative sector and the low effectiveness of government support measures than representatives of government agencies. Representatives of the existing creative industries and the elderly prefer creative types of creative activities, young people and representatives of government agencies show more interest in innovative and informational types of creative activities.
Assessment of Digitalization in Higher Education: A Case Study of Turan University
Authors: Orazbek Y. , Davletova M.T. , Dulatbekova N.S.
Published: September 2024

Object: This study evaluates the impact of digitalization on the operational performance, teaching, learning out comes, and student experiences at Turan University.
Methods: Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research utilized a comprehensive questionnaire distributed to 86 students, alongside interviews with faculty to gauge the effectiveness of digital tools and platforms implemented across the university.
Findings: The analysis reveals a generally positive perception of digital infrastructure and educational practices among students. High levels of satisfaction were noted in areas such as the availability of digital resources in the library and the use of digital technologies by teachers. However, variations in satisfaction regarding accessibility to necessary digital devices and the cost implications of digital tools indicate areas needing improvement.
Conclusion: While Turan University has made significant strides in integrating digital technologies, the study identifies critical gaps in technological accessibility and financial aspects of digital usage. Addressing these gaps is es sential for enhancing the overall effectiveness of digitalization efforts and ensuring equitable access to digital resources for all students.
Феномен национальной идентичности в американских масс-медиа
Authors: Лянова T. , Исина Г.И. , Билялова А.А.
Published: September 2024

Данная статья посвящена исследованию вербального отражения феномена национальной идентичности в дискурсе современных американских медиа. Рассмотрено понятие «идентичность» и ее роль в жизни человека. Проанализированы характерные особенности «этнической» и «национальной» идентичностей. Выявлена и обоснована необходимость детального изучения вопроса идентификации современного человека на фоне масштабных глобализационных процессов. Авторы акцентируют внимание читателей на сложностях формирования национальной идентичности в условиях полиэтнического, многонационального государства. Авторами приводятся примеры репрезентации феномена национальной идентичности в медиадискурсе. Проанализированы медиатексты на английском языке. На материале статей масс-медиа выявлены особенности проявления национальной идентичности в американском обществе. Авторы приходят к выводу, что в США национальная идентичность служит инструментом укрепления единства различных этносообществ, отражая социокультурное состояние нации и определяя ее идеалогию.
А. Байтұрсынұлы шығармаларын корпустық зерттеу («Қырық мысал», «Маса» жинақтары негізінде)
Authors: Аитова Н. , Байшукурова Г. , Иргебаева А.
Published: September 2024

Мақалада Ахмет Байтұрсынұлының «Маса» және «Қырық мысал» жинақтарындағы мәтіндеріне корпустық әдіспен квалитативті талдау жасалған. Корпустық әдіспен мәтіндерді зерттеу жалпы әлем тіл білімінде жиі қолданылғанмен, қазақ тіл білімінде дәстүрге айнала қойған жоқ. Жалпы мәтінді корпустық талдау тіл мен әдебиетті зерттеудің әдіснамалық маңызды құралы саналады. Корпустық талдау сөзформалар мен сөзқолданыс жиілігін сандық сипаттауға, мәтіннің лексикалық, құрылымдық ерекшелігін айқындауға мүмкіндік береді. Зерттеу жұмысының мақсаты — А. Байтұрсынұлының мәтіндеріне корпустық талдау жүргізу арқылы автордың сөзқолданыс, сөзформа жиілігін анықтау, қазіргі корпус базаларындағы мәтіндер жиілігімен салыстыру, сол бойынша автор қолданысы мен қазіргі қазақ тілінің қолданыс динамикасы жөнінде болжам жасау. Зерттеудің ғылыми, практикалық маңыздылығы да осыдан туындайды. Мәтіндердің белгілі бір тарихи кезеңдер мен қазіргі жай-күйіндегі сөздердің жиілігін автоматты сараптау біріншіден, белгілі кезеңдердегі сөзқолданыс жиілігінің сандық ақпаратын білуге мүмкіндік береді. Екіншіден, тілдік қолданыстардың белгілі бір уақыт аралығындағы теңгерімділігін, қоғамның түрлі саласында өмір сүру қабілетін, т.с.с. сапалық, сандық өзгерістерді анықтауға, тәпсірлеуге және болжауға септігі тиеді. Зерттеу барысында мәтінді корпустық зерттеу, сөзформалардың жиілігін талдау әдістері қолданылды. Арнайы бағдарламалық инструменттер көмегімен автордың шығармалары өңделіп, леммаларды сөзтізбелеу жүзеге асырылды. Зерттеуде талдаулар негізінде қол жеткізілген нәтижелерді А. Байтұрсынұлы шығармаларының жиілік сөздігін жасауда қолдану қарастырылған. Алынған нәтижелердің шығармалардың стилдік қырын танытуда, тақырыптық ерекшеліктерін танымдық, т.б. аспектілерде зерттеуде зор көмегі бар және сөздіктер құрастыру тәжірибесінде, оқу процесінде, тілдік, әдеби жобалар жасауда пайдалануға жарақты.
Formation of moral values in the educational process through the ancient literary heritage
Authors: Kdyralieva Zh.B. , Baltabayeva G.S. , Aitenova D.O. , Mukhametkalieva G.O. , Ashirbekova А.
Published: September 2024

In this article, the use of innovative technologies in the educational process is considered as a productive tool for teaching ancient literary heritage. We are talking about the knowledge of the ancient literary heritage, the influence of man on the formation of his knowledge. Methodological recommendations related to the use of ancient literary heritage in the learning process were also made. The problem of accumulation, processing and dissemination of information is one of the most important tools at all stages of human development and in all fields of activity, including in the learning process. Therefore, in the article the features of the formation of moral values among students through the use of Kh.A. Yasavi's hikmets in the educational process were analyzed and differentiated from a new point of view. The study used the method of comparative analysis, which attached great importance to the essence of pedagogical conditions in the educational process. It is proved that teaching ancient literary heritage with adaptation to new innovative technologies especially contributes to the development of human qualities in students, the growth of a versatile personality. The article shows teachers effective ways to teach ancient literary heritage using innovative methods.
Analysis of linguistic strategies in legal communication (based on the materials of the Kazakhstan online forum «Pravmedia»)
Authors: Zhanzhigitov S.Zh.
Published: September 2024

The relevance of the topic of this study lies in the growing need to understand the mechanisms of effective legal communication in the context of the digitalization of society. The purpose of the study is to investigate the linguistic strategies implied by lawyers in order to foster the understanding and circulation of legal knowledge by non-specialists based on the analysis of the PravMedia popular Kazakh online forum. The research methodology unites the qualitative and quantitative aspects and involves the content analysis of the forum, the theoretical analysis of linguistic strategies for spreading legal information, as well as the empirical measurement of the practical implementation of these strategies into practice to enable non-specialists to have better access to pieces of legal advice. The obtained results of the study indicate the systemic use of the denomination, definition, reformulation, and other strategies evident in the PravMedia forum to spread legal information.
التجديد الأصولي عند الإمام الشافعي- كتاب الرسالة أنموذجًا
Authors: البزيعي محمود عبدو
Published: September 2024

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة إلى بيان إمكانية التجديد في علم أصول الفقه، والكشف عن جهود الإمام الشافعي رحمه الله التجديدية في علم أصول الفقه، استنباط معالم التجديد الأصولي عند الإمام الشافعي رحمه الله من خلال كتابه الرسالة. المنهجية: اتُبع في البحث المنهج التحليلي والاستنباطي، من خلال الاستقراء الناقص لكتاب الرسالة للتدليل على جهود الإمام الشافعي رحمه الله التجديدية في علم أصول الفقه. الخلاصة: خلصت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج منها: كتاب الرسالة من أوائل الكتب التي صُنفت في علم أصول الفقه، والإمام الشافعي رحمه الله أول مصنف فيه. الإمام الشافعي رحمه الله يعتبر عَلَمًا ومجددًا في علم أصول الفقه وأهَّلَه لذلك سِعةُ علمه. أصول الفقه لا تقبل التجديد في الشكل والمضمون، بينما علم أصول الفقه يقبل التجديد شكلًا ومضمونًا. ووضعت التوصيات والمقترحات الآتية: تكثيف الدراسات الجامعية حول تجديد علم أصول الفقه شكلًا ومضمونًا، وبذلك نُغلق الباب أمام العابثين في الدين من منطلق التجديد. وضع مبادئ ومعايير للتجديد في علم أصول الفقه من قبل مرجعية علمية يرضى بها أغلب ذوي الاختصاص، لتكون منارة للمجددين تحفظ لهذا العلم رونقه وصفاءه. التوجه إلى الأعمال الجماعية في الدراسات التجديدية.
A management algorithm for idiopathic intracranial hypertension in skull base meningoencephaloceles
Authors: Thapliyal Mihika , Murayi Roger , Nowacki Amy S. , Sindwani Raj , Woodard Troy , Soni Pranay , Vorster Sarel , Recinos Pablo F. , Kshettry Varun R.
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE

In this study, the authors assessed an algorithm for the diagnosis and management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) in patients who had undergone surgical repair of skull base meningoencephaloceles presenting with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (sCSF) leakage.

METHODS

The authors conducted an institutional retrospective review of patients surgically treated for skull base sCSF leaks between 2014 and 2021. Opening pressure (OP) measurements were taken intraoperatively. The algorithm recommended a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) for high-risk patients (OP ≥ 30 cm H2O), 4 weeks of acetazolamide plus a 2-week washout and repeat lumbar puncture (LP) at 6 weeks for intermediate-risk patients (OP = 20–29 cm H2O), and repeat LP at 4–6 weeks for low-risk patients (OP < 20 cm H2O). Demographics, radiographic characteristics, management adherence, and outcomes were analyzed.

RESULTS

Eighty patients with sCSF leakage were identified. The mean age was 51.9 years, and the mean body mass index was 36.3 kg/m2. The median follow-up was 8.3 months (IQR 3.3–19.7 months). The overall VPS rate was 15.0%. Three patients (3.8%) experienced acute recurrent leakage, and 3 (3.8%) developed remote recurrent leaks (mean time of 48.1 months). For the 50 patients with both intra- and postoperative OPs, the mean OPs were not significantly different (23.3 vs 23.0 cm H2O, respectively, p = 0.82). The mean variability between the two measurements was an absolute difference of 6.6 cm H2O. While 13 patients (26.0%) moved to a higher-risk category based on postoperative OP, 18 patients (36.0%) moved to a lower-risk category.

CONCLUSIONS

Utilizing an algorithm of direct meningoencephalocele repair and selective shunting, acute and remote CSF leak recurrence rates were each 3.8%, and the VPS rate was 15.0%. These data provide further insight into CSF dynamics in this population and argue against the theoretical concern that CSF pressure will increase postrepair. Significant intraindividual variability suggests multiple LPs may be necessary before committing to invasive IIH treatment. Further work is necessary to determine the optimal IIH management strategy.
Stereotactic radiosurgery for anterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistulas
Authors: Peng Tzu-Chiang , Lai I-Chun , Lee Cheng-Chia , Wu Hsiu-Mei , Lin Chung-Jung , Yang Huai-Che
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE

Anterior cranial fossa (ACF) dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are notoriously malignant vascular abnormalities, and their drainage into the cortical vein poses a high risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is increasingly seen as an alternative to microsurgery or embolization for the treatment of DAVFs; however, researchers have yet to report on its applicability to ACF DAVFs. This paper summarizes the authors’ experience in the use of SRS for ACF DAVFs. The authors’ objective was to gain a preliminary overview of SRS outcomes in the treatment of ACF DAVFs.

METHODS

This retrospective study examined all patients who underwent SRS for ACF DAVFs at a single academic medical center between November 2000 and November 2023. Demographic data, DAVF characteristics, and clinical outcomes were obtained from medical records.

RESULTS

A total of 12 patients diagnosed with ACF DAVFs were treated using SRS. One patient was lost to follow-up. The mean age was 54.8 years and men comprised 82% of the cohort. The most common presenting symptoms included headache (n = 5), ocular symptoms (n = 3), seizure (n = 2), anosmia (n = 1), and tinnitus (n = 1). Two patients were asymptomatic. Four patients (36%) initially presented with ICH. Nine patients exhibited DAVF Cognard type IV, and 2 patients exhibited Cognard type III. DAVF obliteration in 7 of the 11 patients (64%) was confirmed by brain MR angiography (n = 4) or digital subtraction angiography (n = 3). No post-SRS episodes of ICH were reported. Most of the patients (10 of 11) reported improvements in clinical symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS

SRS appears to be a viable alternative treatment for ACF DAVFs, particularly for patients who are not suitable candidates for surgery or those with an unfavorable angioarchitecture.
The exponential growth of nonsurgeons performing fusions for low-back pain
Authors: Dada Abraham , Dalle Ore Cecilia , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Patel Arati , Ambati Vardhaan , Orrico Katie O. , Tumialán Luis M. , Cheng Joseph S. , Knightly John J. , DiGiorgio Anthony M.
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to report changes in utilization and payment trends of low-back pain (LBP) interventions and the impact of nonsurgeon interventionalists on these changes.

METHODS

Medicare Part B national summary data files were used to gather annual utilization and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) payment data for LBP interventions from 2000 to 2021. Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes were grouped as decompression, spinal fusion, sacroiliac (SI) joint fusion, epidural steroid injections (ESIs), physical therapy (PT), and chiropractic manipulation (Chiro). The total allowed services and payments were collected for each HCPCS group. CMS provider-level files, available from 2013 to 2021, were used to collect neurosurgeon, orthopedic surgeon, and nonsurgeon interventionalist (interventional radiology and pain management) data for each surgical HCPCS code group (decompression, spinal fusion, and SI joint fusion). The United States Consumer Price Index was used to adjust for inflation.

RESULTS

From 2000 to 2021, there were 339,720,725 Medicare-approved interventions and payments of approximately $21 billion for LBP (percentage of cumulative payments: 41.8% Chiro, 16.5% ESI, 14.4% spinal fusion, 14.3% PT, 10.2% decompression, and 0.4% SI joint fusion). In a subgroup analysis, spinal fusions for Medicare patients were performed by orthopedic surgeons (59.2%), neurosurgeons (40.6%), and nonsurgeon interventionalists (< 1%) from 2013 to 2021. From 2013 to 2021, neurosurgeon and orthopedic surgeon fusion utilization each grew by < 3% and associated Medicare payments to each specialty declined by 1% each year. During the same period, nonsurgeon interventionalist utilization grew 26% each year and associated Medicare payments to nonsurgeon interventionalists for spine fusions grew 62% each year. In a subgroup analysis, SI joint fusions for Medicare patients were performed by orthopedic surgeons (50.7%), neurosurgeons (24.8%), and nonsurgeon interventionalists (24.5%) from 2018 to 2021. Neurosurgeon utilization of SI joint fusion declined by 1% each year and associated Medicare payments to this group grew 2% each year. Orthopedic surgeon utilization of SI joint fusion declined 1% and associated Medicare payments to this group grew 4% each year. Nonsurgeon interventionalist use of SI joint fusions grew 415% and payments grew 435% each year.

CONCLUSIONS

The substantial growth in Medicare payments for surgical LBP interventions is disproportionally driven by nonsurgeon interventionalists. The exponential growth of nonsurgeon interventionalists performing spinal fusion surgeries, particularly SI joint fusions, largely accounts for the significant increase in Medicare expenditures.
Unruptured intracranial aneurysms in pediatric sickle cell disease: clinical and MR imaging follow-up of 296 patients
Authors: Khatri Deepak , Zampolin Richard , Fortunel Adisson , Lee Seon-Kyu
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE

Currently available data regarding unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) in sickle cell disease (SCD) are largely based on adult patients; this has made it challenging to reach a consensus on treatment decisions and follow-up strategies for pediatric SCD patients with UIAs.

METHODS

A retrospective review of 296 SCD patients (aged 18 years or younger) who underwent MRA from January 2008 to September 2022 was performed. The vessel of origin and characteristics of the UIAs, including maximum diameter, laterality, and number, were evaluated. Demographic data, as well as history of vaso-occlusive crisis and moyamoya syndrome, were recorded. Interval change in size or morphology, as well as a new aneurysm development, were reviewed on follow-up MRA.

RESULTS

Forty-nine aneurysms were identified in 32/296 (10.81%) patients, and they all had saccular morphology. In total, 30/49 (61.22%) aneurysms were in the anterior circulation. The ophthalmic segment of the internal carotid artery and the posterior cerebral artery were the most common locations (n = 12 [24.49%] each). Multiple aneurysms were seen in 11/32 patients (34.37%). Most of the African American patients had multiple aneurysms (n = 25/28 [89.3%]). Most aneurysms (n = 43 [87.75%]) were 3 mm or less in diameter. No significant difference in aneurysm size was noticed between aneurysms located in anterior or posterior circulation (p = 0.22). Similarly, age, sex, ethnicity, genotype, or aneurysm multiplicity were not associated with size. Follow-up MRA was available for 24/32 patients (75%). All except 2 aneurysms (n = 2/38 [5.3%]) were stable in size and morphology on follow-up. Interval progression in aneurysm size was noticed in 2 patients with multiple intracranial aneurysms (n = 2/11 [18.2%]).

CONCLUSIONS

In pediatric SCD patients, the incidence of UIAs was higher than previously reported. Those aneurysms demonstrated a tendency for multiplicity, an atypical anatomical distribution compared with that of adult brain aneurysms, bilateral involvement, and higher prevalence in African Americans. Although most of the aneurysms were stable, some showed interval growth in size.
Analisis Pengaruh Solvabilitas dan Derajat Desentralisasi Terhadap Financial Distress Provinsi Di Indonesia
Authors: Eliza Intan , Masnila Nelly , Dwitayanti Yevi
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Financial distress is a condition in which the government is deemed incapable of providing optimal infrastructure services to the public. This study aims to determine the effect of solvency and the degree of decentralization on the financial distress of provinces in Indonesia. The panel data for this study were obtained from the audited financial reports of the BPK RI for 34 provinces from 2018 to 2022. The testing was conducted using the Eviews 12 program. The results concluded that solvency has no effect, while the degree of decentralization has a positive effect on financial distress.
Keywords: Financial Distress, Solvency Rasio, Degree Of Decentralization.
 
ABSTRAK
Financial distress adalah kondisi saat pemerintah dinilai tidak mampu melakukan pelayanan infrstruktur yang optimal kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini ditujukan mengetahui pengaruh solvabilitas dan derajat desentralisasi terhadap financial distress provinsi di Indonesia. Data panel pada penelitian ini didapatkan dari laporan keuangan BPK RI  audited 34 provinsi di Indonesia tahun 2018 – 2022. Pengujian dengan menggunakan bantuan program Eviews 12. Hasil pengujian memperoleh kesimpulan bahwa solvabilitas tidak berpengaruh, sedangkan derajat desentralisasi memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap financial distress.
Kata kunci: Financial Distress, Solvabilitas, Derajat Desentralisasi.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas Dan Likuiditas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Makanan Dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Harlina Oktarin , Sudiyanto Totok , Emilda Emilda
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Food and beverage subsector companies in Indonesia operate in a very dynamic and competitive environment, which requires efficient financial management to maintain and increase company value. The aim of this research is to find out the influence of profitability and liquidity on company value in food and beverage subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research method used is the Quantitative Descriptive method, the technique used to determine the sample is the Purposive Sampling technique. The data collection technique used for secondary data was taken from the annual financial reports of Food and Beverage Subsector companies as well as through the official website (www.idx.co.id). The research results show that: The results of the t test (partial) show that profitability has a significant effect on company value and liquidity is not significant on company value. The results of the F Test (simultaneous) show that profitability and liquidity have a significant effect on company value.
Keywords: Profitability, Liquidity, Company Value.
 
ABSTRAK
Perusahaan subsektor makanan dan minuman di Indonesia beroperasi dalam lingkungan yang sangat dinamis dan kompetitif, yang memerlukan manajemen finansial yang  efesien untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan nilai perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tentang Pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Likuiditas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada perusahaan Subsektor Makanan dan Minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode Deskriptif Kuantitatif, Teknik yang digunakan untuk menentuan sampel teknik Purposive Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan untuk data sekunder diambil dari laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan Subsektor Makanan dan Minuman serta melalui website resmi  (www.idx.co.id). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: Hasil uji t (parsial) menunjukan bahwa profitabilitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dan likuiditas tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Hasil Uji F (simultan) menunjukan bahwa profitabilitas  dan likuiditas berpengaruh  signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.
Kata kunci: Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Nilai Perusahaan.
Investigation of kinetic mechanisms of photocatalytic hydrogen generation from formic aside using metal-ceramic composites under visible-light irradiation
Authors: Skvortsova L. N. , Artyukh I. A. , Tatarinova T. V. , Bolgaru K. A.
Published: September 2024

Processes of photocatalytic hydrogen generation from the formic acid water solution under vis-light irradiation with tantalum contained metal-ceramic silicon nitride-based composites were investigated depending on pH of the solution and hydrogen peroxide adding. These compounds were obtained by self-propagated high temperature (SHS) synthesis in the way of the ferrosilicoaluminum (FSA) and silicon-aluminum powders ignition in a nitrogen atmosphere with the tantalum addition. During the investigation it was found out that the reaction rate of the hydrogen production without hydrogen peroxide can be described within the Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism. There is the reaction mechanism changing simultaneously with a formic acid concentration increasing in the presence of H2O2. The most significant reaction rate of hydrogen production from HCOOH is observed with the Fe-contained composite synthesized from FSA in the solution system without H2O2 addition, the reaction turns of frequency (TOF) is 4.55 µmol/min.
The method for the vizualization of the dynamics of catalyst transformations based on the results of competing experiments
Authors: Kurokhtina A. A. , Larina E. V. , Lagoda N. A. , Schmidt A. F.
Published: September 2024

Present paper demonstrates that relative reactivity estimated under competition of several similar substrates can be applied for the demonstrative visualization of the dynamics of active catalyst in a complex catalytic process. The fundamental advantage of the proposed approach is that the state of an active catalyst can be monitored throughout the catalytic reaction without differentiation of the kinetic data on the concentrations of the substances reacted.
XPS study of the stability variations of [M(COD)Cl]2 (M = Ir, Rh) complexes anchored on modified silica in reactions of spin-selective hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons by parahydrogen
Authors: Nartova A. V. , Kvon R. I. , Kovtunova L. M. , Dmitrachkov A. M. , Skovpin I. V. , Bukhtiyarov V. I.
Published: September 2024

Changes in the composition of anchored [M(COD)Cl]2–NH2–C3H6–SiO2 and [M(COD)Cl]2–P(Ph)2–C2H4–SiO2 (where M = Ir, Rh) catalysts in reactions of gas-phase selective hydrogenation of propene, propyne and 1,3-butadiene with parahydrogen (p-H2) were studied using XPS. The atomic ratio M/Cl has been proposed as an indicator of the stability of the structure of the anchored complex, both at the stage of sample preparation and in the reaction. Based on a comparison of XPS data and the results of catalytic testing using parahydrogen-induced polarization, it is shown that the stability of the anchored {[M(COD)Cl]2–Linker–SiO2} complex during hydrogen activation is a key factor in the catalytic behavior of systems. Such stability is influenced not only by the chosen metal and linker, but also by the nature of the hydrogenated substrate.
Comparative Adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Human Oral Mucosal Epithelial Cells and Polystyrene Surfaces
Authors: Talib Marwa M. , Ghafil Jenan A.
Published: October 2024

Background: The adhesion of bacteria to biotic and abiotic surfaces reflects their ability to cause infectious diseases. The distinction between the ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria to adhere to biotic and abiotic surfaces is not clear in the literature.
Objectives: The current study aims to shed light on the extent of similarities and differences between P. aeruginosa in terms of their ability to adhere to different biotic and abiotic surfaces.
Materials and Methods: ten isolates of P. aeruginosa were isolated from 100 wound and burn swabs. The isolates were identified using biochemical and phenotypic tests in addition to VITIK-II technology. The susceptibility to antibiotics was estimated using the disc diffusion method. The microtiter-spectrophotometric was used to measure the biofilm formation on polystyrene microtiter plates. The Human oral mucosal epithelial (OMECs) were used to evaluate the adhesion of P. aeruginosa isolates. Plate count and direct bacterial count were used to count the adhered bacteria to human OMECs in vitro.
Results: Norfloxacin showed the highest antibacterial effect while the lowest antibacterial effect was seen in the case of using when Amoxicillin and Cefixime (all isolates were resistant). All isolates from, Pa2 form the highest biofilm followed by Pa6, while the lowest biofilm formation was seen in the case of Pa4. While Pa 6 showed the highest ability to attach to human OMECs followed by Pa2.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that P. aeruginosa isolates are resistant to most antibiotics and that their ability to adhere and biofilm formation depends on the type of surface.
The Total Antioxidant Capacity and its Relationship with Atherosclerosis Risk Factors in a Sample of Iraqi Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Idan Hasan H. , Mohamoud Halla G.
Published: October 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus is significantly related to cardiovascular disease, such as atherosclerosis. Antioxidants are essential in the prevention of atherosclerosis by a variety of mechanisms, which encompass the suppression of free radical production, inhibition of low-density lipoprotein oxidation, and prevention of atherosclerotic plaque formation.
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the levels of total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde as oxidative stress indicators in Iraqi type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and investigate their relationship with atherosclerotic risk factors.
Methods: This case-control study took place between October 2023 to January 2024 at Al-Karkh General Hospital in Baghdad. The study included a total of 130 participants: 70 individuals diagnosed with T2DM and 60 healthy controls were recruited from relatives of patients attending the hospital and hospital employees who did not have T2DM. The two study groups were age-matched. Blood samples from both groups were analyzed to determine the following parameters: Lipid profile, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Malondialdehyde (MDA) as an oxidative stress marker, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and atherogenic indices (e.g. atherogenic index of plasma).
Results: The mean serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the T2DM group was significantly lower than the control group (46.9 ± 5.05 U/mL vs. 70.8 ± 4.71 U/mL). This indicates a highly significant difference between the groups. Additionally, in the T2DM group, statistically significant inverse correlations were observed between TAC and most of the measured lipid profile parameters, HbA1c, and atherogenic indices.
Conclusions: Low TAC may be a potential predictor of atherosclerosis in Τ2DM patients and highlight the relationship between oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and thermogenesis.
МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЕ МОДЕЛИ ВРЕМЕН РЕЛАКСАЦИИ НЕОДНОРОДНЫХ ЖИДКОСТЕЙ ВДОЛЬ КРИТИЧЕСКИХ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ
Authors: Абдикаримов Б. , Сейтмуратов А. , Ергалауова З. , Гусейнов Г.И.
Published: September 2024

В работе проведены экспериментальные исследования кинетики установления равновесия в  неоднородном растворе метанол-гексан в гравитационном поле вблизи критической температуры расслоения. Эти исследования впервые показали, что максимальные значения времен релаксации неоднородного по высоте вещества наблюдаются не на уровне критической изохоры (z = 0), а соответствуют высотам (z ¹ 0) с некритическими значениями концентрации и плотности. В рамках параметрического уравнения состояния вещества рассчитаны параметры это­­го уравнения, которые соответствуют линии экстремумов времен релаксации не­од­но­­род­ной жидкости в гравитационном поле. Показано, что вдоль этой линии не­од­но­род­ные жидкости одновременно обладают свойствами систем вдоль трех критических направлений: критической изохоры, критической изотермы, границы раздела фаз. Методика проведения эксперимента состоит в следующем. Первоначально двойной раствор метанол-гексан более суток термостатировался при критической температуре раствора до тех пор, пока в оптической камере не устанавливалось равновесное распределение. Затем вещество за малый интервал времени нагревалось до некоторой температуры, которая поддерживалась постоянной продолжительное время. При быстром нагреве неоднородной системы от критической температуры начальное высотное распределение вещества становится неравновесным. Вследствие этого неоднородная система начинает переходить к новому высотному равновесному распределению. При подходе системы к состоянию равновесия в течение определенного интервала времени на разных высотах концентрации и градиент концентрации вещества непрерывно изменяются до тех пор, пока в системе снова не реализуется новое равновесное высотное распределение, которое соответствует температуре.
«ЖІТІҚАРА» КЕНОРНЫНЫҢ СЕРПЕНТИНИТІНІҢ КҮКІРТ ҚЫШҚЫЛЫНЫҢ СТЕХИОМЕТРИЯЛЫҚ МӨЛШЕРІМЕН ӘРЕКЕТТЕСУІ
Authors: Ауешов А.П. , Арынов K.T. , Диканбаева А.К. , Тасболтаева A.M.
Published: September 2024

Серпентинит минералдар тобының өкілі – хризотил мен күкірт қышқылының арасындағы өзара әрекеттесулері зерттелді. Хризотил құрамындағы магнийдің мөлшеріне (моль) қатысты есептелген күкірт қышқылының стехиометриялық қажетті мөлшері (СҚМ H2SO4) бар, (0,1-1,0) СҚМ H2SO4 аралығындағы ерітінділермен хризотил-асбестің (ХА) (А-4-20 маркалы) арасында жүретін өзара әрекеттесулер, реакциялар өнімдерін химиялық және рентгенофазалық талдаулардың нәтижелерін қолданумен талқыланды. Хризотил-асбест және күкірт қышқылы арасында жүретін стехиометриялық мөлшерлік әрекеттесуінің зерттеу нәтижелерін магнийдің ерітіндіге өту дәрежесінің еру үрдісі барысында, талшық бет қабаттарында пайда болатын поликремний қышқылдарының бірігуінен туындайтын аморфты қабаттардың түзілуіне байланысты болатындығы көрсетілді. Алынатын қышқыл мөлшері (СҚМ H2SO4) мен хризотил-асбест құрамында магний мөлшерінің қатынасы (1:1) болғанда, ерітіндіге өтетін Mg2+-дің максималды мөлшерінің шығымы 70%-дан аспайды