bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital technologies as a tool for improving the efficiency of the agricultural sector
Authors: Stupina A A , Rozhkova A V , Olentsova J A , Rozhkov S E
Published: October 2021

Currently, digitalization is the most urgent problem faced by many agricultural producers, so the main trend in the development strategy of the Russian Federation is digitalization. The goal of this direction is to introduce and improve the use of new technologies in all spheres of national life. Agriculture in the Russian Federation has always been one of the most important areas of the economy, so technological development is very important. “Digital agriculture” will help find and make the best decisions not only for the growth of the company, but also to prevent various inefficient decisions that lead to future bankruptcies. The emphasis on the development of agro-industrial and industrial complexes has once again proved the importance of this sector of the economy for the state. In this article, the authors try to understand the current strategy for the development of agriculture until 2025 and what role digitalization plays in it. According to the authors, the implementation of such solutions and their adoption by companies not only control the development, but also provide a good tool for improving the efficiency of the agricultural sector.
Analysis of nonparametric methods for assessing the comparative efficiency of agro-industrial enterprises
Authors: Kovalev I V , Zenutkin N V , Voroshilova A A , Testoyedov N A , Golovenkin E N , Shatrov A K
Published: October 2021

The paper presents an analysis of nonparametric methods for assessing the comparative efficiency of agro-industrial enterprises. The authors analyzed Data Envelopment Analysis, Free Disposal Hull Analysis and Productivity Index. The most important characteristics of the models are highlighted, which are used to compare the methods. The preference was given to the DEA method, since the other described methods and their modifications do not allow taking into account the factors influencing the efficiency of agricultural enterprises. In particular, the factor of the territorial location of the enterprise. But it is the climatic zone of the location of the enterprise that has a significant impact on the efficiency of agricultural activities. When implementing the assessment method, it is necessary to take into account the fact that climatic conditions, depending on the geographical location, are always different.
Research of structural and mechanical properties of molded macaroni foods as a cutting object
Authors: Urinov Nasillo , Dubrovets Lyudmila , Sohibov Ibodullo , Isamov Rayim
Published: October 2021

The article covers the influence of structural, mechanical and frictional properties of raw macaroni food on technological process of cutting. The characteristics of the friction of the working bodies of cutting equipment on semi-finished product being processed, i.e. the dependence of the friction force and the coefficient of friction have been determined.
Monitoring of the allele fund of erythrocyte antigens and DNA polymorphism of genes - markers of beef quality
Authors: Tyulebaev S D , Kadysheva M D , Surundaeva L G
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of the analysis of animals of the Bredy meat type by the allele fund of erythrocyte antigens of blood groups and DNA - polymorphism of the GDF5 and TG5 genes, which are valuable for beef cattle. The studies were carried out on the basis of blood analysis of cows from three micropopulations belonging to well-known breeding enterprises in Russia. Alleles of blood groups were identified for all systems, and the frequency of their occurrence was shown. The work focuses on the ratio of homozygous and heterozygous genotypes, shows the degree of their displacement depending on the micropopulation, determines the indices of genetic similarity (I) and genetic distance (Dn) between micropopulations. The revealed levels of polymorphism of animals of the Bredy meat type for genes GDF5 and TG5 showed an insignificant frequency of occurrence of the desired genotypes, this indicator for the first gene was 8.7, and for the second - 4.3%. Comparison of the frequency of occurrence of the most common alleles of the EAB-system of blood groups of the herd, with the frequency of occurrence of genotypes for genes GDF5 and TG5 in a random sample of cows of the Bredy meat type, did not show any dependence of the polymorphic state of genes on the specific content of alleles.
Low-intensity laser radiation effect on protein metabolism in young sheep
Authors: Afanasyev M , Shlykov S , Omarov R , Mosolov A A , Starodubova Yu V , Petrovich M P , Reshetnikova A O
Published: October 2021

The demand for sheep products these days becomes higher, as evidenced by the tendency to increase small ruminants in the world and Russia. It leads to manufacturers’ desire to get products as quickly as possible, without worrying about their quality. Various medications are used, which later, when eating animal meat, can have a detrimental effect on the human body. These studies aimed to study the effect of low-intensity laser radiation on the sheep’s organism and obtain ecologically clean and high-quality mutton. For this, during the experiments, the blood of animals was studied. An essential role of protein metabolism in the animal body is blood serum proteins, qualitative and quantitative characteristics. They are the primary plastic material of tissues and organs and carry out regulatory, catalytic, and immunobiological functions. The growth rate is closely related to protein deposition. Individual development is determined by the constant exchange of substances and energy between the body and the external environment. However, each animal species has its metabolic traits, and, in particular, it concerns the transformation of proteins. Age-related biochemistry of protein metabolism has significant material in disclosing the fundamental biochemical constants of metabolism in animals’ bodies. Simultaneously, the study of the peculiarities of protein metabolism is one of the main links in the knowledge of the biochemical essence of each period of sheep’s life.
Economically useful traits of cows depending from the various dates of their first insemination
Authors: Yu Harlap S , Yu Zareva O , Fedoseeva N A , Voronov M V , Pimkina T N
Published: October 2021

In Sverdlovsk region Holsteinized black-and-white cattle of the Ural type are being bred. This type of cattle is represented by numerous, highly productive animals with a high genetic potential for productivity. The aim of this article is to study the correlation of age of the first insemination of heifers on their economically useful traits. It was found that the age of the first insemination directly affects the milk productivity of Holsteinized black-and-white cattle of Ural type. The difference in age of the first insemination between the groups was 2.7 months, or 18.6%. The difference of productive period longevity between the groups was also observed, which was 0.21 of lactation (6.7%) in favor of the group that got its first insemination at age of 16-18 months. Cows inseminated for the first time at an earlier date featured lower parameters of milk productivity: lower milk yield for life, lower milk yield for the first lactation and for maximum lactation. The difference was significant at P≤0.01 in favor of cows which underwent the first insemination at age of 16-18 months for life-long milk yield. A significant difference in MFP in milk was revealed in favor of the cows in the first group (the period of the first insemination was 14-15 months). It was 0.09% at P≤0.01. The difference in MFP in milk did not have a considerable influence on increase of nutrients yield in milk, in particular milk protein. The duration of the period between calvings and the service period was long in both groups of cows, which allows concluding that, regardless of the age of first insemination, the decrease in reproductive capacity in cows of modern Holsteinized black-and-white cattle is observed. This is proved by the record KVS – 0.87 - 0.88.
Development of functional products by enriching plant raw materials with antioxidant
Authors: Lazareva T N , Polyakova E D , Safronova O V , Evdokimova O V , Blinkova T M , Strelnikova L V
Published: October 2021

The deterioration of the ecological situation, the change in the structure of nutrition in the existing conditions determined fundamentally new trends formed in the social order for the development of entire groups of special-purpose food products. Creating and developing innovative technologies and increasing the nutritional value of products will allow replenishing the consumer market with domestic functional food products. The articlepresents the results of developing a recipe and production technology for lingering functional cookies using dry extracts of plants Melissaofficinalis (Melissa officinalis), Salviaofficinalis (Salvia officinalis), Leonurusquinquelobatus (motherwort), Crataegusspecies (hawthorn) and Valerianaofficinalis (Valerian officinalis), the introduction of which made it possible to enrich the products with antioxidants. Studies on the establishment of a method for applying dry extracts at various stages of the technological process for the production of long-lasting cookies are presented, and the expediency of replacing 7.0% flour with plant extracts is justified. It is proved that the developed cookies changed their quality indicators more slowly during storage. The results of determining the chemical composition of cookies “Energy of Nature” are reflected and the degree of satisfaction of the body’s daily need for individual nutrients and energy during its use is calculated in comparison with the control sample. It is shown that the introduction of plant extracts allowed to reduce the energy value of products, increase the content of beta-carotene, ascorbic acid and flavonoids. When consuming 100 g of the developed cookies, the human body receives 58 mg of antioxidants. This corresponds to 16.6 % of the daily human need for antioxidants, which makes it possible to classify cookies “Energy of Nature” as functional products.
Efficiency of prostaglandins and progestogens in synchronization and stimulation of estrus in recipient goats
Authors: Bogdanovich D M , Kirikovich Y K , Radchikov V F , Starodubova Yu V , Yu Anisimova E , Gorlov I F , Filipov N V
Published: October 2021

Intravaginal implants containing 40 mg of progesterone for synchronization and stimulation schemes of estrus in recipient goats, with a period of exposure to the animal’s body of 6 and 12 days in combination with fertadine and folligon at different reproduction periods during the year, allows to reduce time of estrus onset in animals up to 30 hours or 2.5 times compared to goats treated only with prostaglandins, while inducing estrus in 100.0% of goats with embryo engraftment in recipients of 56.7% on the 40th day of diagnosis and 50.0% upon animals birth with litter yield of 146.7%.
Organization of the wheat flour quality traceability
Authors: Cherkasova E , Golinitsky P , Antonova U , Temasova G , Semenova K
Published: October 2021

Currently, the problems of quality and safety of food products are the most important for the processing enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. Increasingly important are activities aimed at improving the quality of the life cycle processes of food products. One of the basic foods in the diet of most consumers is bread and bakery products, and the main raw material for their production is flour. Therefore, the topic under consideration of our paper is relevant.
Conceptual programming in GIS development
Authors: Ya Tsvetkov V , Buravtsev A V
Published: October 2021

The article explores the application of conceptual programming methods in the development of software for geographic information systems. The connection between conceptual and functional programming through the apparatus of functional grammars is shown. It is proved that a natural language in conceptual programming can be expressed through a domain-specific language, which is an integral part of language-oriented programming. The article proposes the implementation of conceptual programming ideas by combining functional and language-oriented programming styles. It is proved that this approach is more acceptable in comparison with the imperative approach for conceptualizing the subject area. Approach implementation example for a geographic information system for maintaining an address register is given. The example uses the multi-paradigm functional programming language F#. The article proposes a new approach to constructing algorithms called constructive algorithms. It is based on the principles of conceptual design and conceptual programming. This approach improves the quality and speed of geographic information systems development through the use of ontological algorithms.
Development of microclimate control system in cattle barns for cattle housing in the Perm region
Authors: Kochetova O V , Kostarev S N , Tatarnikova N A , Sereda T G
Published: October 2021

The economic efficiency of intensive livestock farming on an industrial basis depends on the rational housing of animals, which is largely determined by the presence of an optimal microclimate in the premises. Whatever breed and pedigree qualities the animals may have, without creating the necessary microclimate conditions they are unable to maintain their health and show their potential productive capabilities due to heredity. Between 2018 and 2020, 11 farms in Perm Region were surveyed for respiratory and digestive diseases, skin diseases, and in some cases stress was observed in the animals. The costs of heating livestock buildings are, as a rule, much lower than the losses due to mortality, loss of productivity and overconsumption of feed. The physical properties of the air environment are factors that are not constant and are subject to large fluctuations. To optimize the microclimate in a livestock building, a program algorithm has been developed for a computer. That will create a system, which provides optimal conditions for the maintenance and service of animals and increase the life safety on livestock farms. In this regard, in order to improve conditions for keeping calves and cows, a project for a device to control the parameters of the microclimate in farms in the Perm region has been developed. The microclimate control system is developed on the basis of: Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation from October 21, 2000 № 622 “On approval of Veterinary rules of keeping cattle for its reproduction, rearing and realization” and Set of rules 106.13330.2012 “Cattle - breeding, poultry - breeding and beast - breeding buildings and premises”. At the heart of the monitoring is an automated analysis and regulation of microclimate parameters. Hardware-software implementation is made on PLC Omron.
Design and application of a specialized information system for monitoring and decision support
Authors: Smirnov S V
Published: October 2021

The design is considered, involving the use of instrumental and analytical apparatus of GIS (geographic information systems) in order to provide monitoring and support for decision-making by government authorities. For these purposes, the basic models and methods for solving problems that arise before the administration of governing bodies have been analyzed. The design of a graphical-analytical model of a thematic layer of an electronic GIS map using a quadratomic tree is also described. A graph of conceptual-meaningful features and a graph diagram of the formation of graphic means for the design of signs are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of the quadratic tree model are described. In addition, the assessment of the temporal and capacitive complexity of information extraction, which is the main component of clarifying a clear algorithm for setting the problem during the functioning of the system being developed, is analyzed.
Digital technologies for the survey of the state of agricultural land
Authors: Zapara Y Y , Zatolokina E I , Zatolokina N M , Melentyev A A , Prikhodko D O
Published: October 2021

Agricultural land is a strategic resource that ensures the food security of the population. They act as the main means of production in agriculture, have a special legal regime, and are subject to special protection aimed at preserving their area, preventing the development of negative soil processes, and increasing soil fertility. The irrational and inappropriate use of agricultural land leads to its degradation, which consists in the loss of fertility, overgrowth, contamination, and the appearance of other negative consequences that negatively affect the possibility of obtaining agricultural products. The functioning of all branches of agriculture and the economy as a whole depends on the rational use of land resources, so the most important task of the state land administration is the organization of land monitoring. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation has developed a departmental project “Digital Agriculture” with an implementation period of 2019-2024, the main goal of which is to introduce digital technologies and platform solutions that provide a technological breakthrough in the agro-industrial complex and achieve a 2-fold increase in labor productivity at “digital” agricultural enterprises by 2024. Within the framework of this project, it is planned to form a common system of accounting for agricultural land. It can be used to track which part of the land is used, and which is empty.
Analysis of the use of agricultural land in the SPK kolkhoz-plemzavod “Russia” with the use of GIS technologies
Authors: Odintsov S V , Kipa L V , Melnik M S , Ivannikov D I , Kasmynina M G
Published: October 2021

The article considers the use of the land fund on the basis of the data bank and inventory of land of the MO village of Manychsky Apanasenkovsky district of the Stavropol territory with the use of GIS technologies. The analysis was made based on data taken from the data bank for 1994, as well as on the materials of the inventory of agricultural land for 2018. According to the results of the work, land plots that have not passed the state cadastral registration were identified, which in turn are used. This information is not a little important because such land is not taxed, which affects the revenue part of the authorities. The issue of land use in the context of property was also considered. The article provides a comparative analysis of land use between 1994 and 2008.
Structure elements features formation of soybean plants yield in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia
Authors: Omelyanyuk L V , Asanov A M , Chibis V V
Published: October 2021

The results of the study in 2016 - 2018 are presented varieties of common cultivated soybeans on chernozem soils in the southern forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. The aim of the research was to study new highly productive early ripening varieties of soybeans suitable for cultivation in the forest-steppe conditions of Western Siberia. The object of research is plants of common cultivated soybean varieties (Glycine hispida Maxim (L.) Merril). The study used field and statistical methods. Field studies were carried out in a selection experiment based on a four-field grain-fallow crop rotation, the predecessor was winter triticale after pure fallow. The experimental scheme included four early maturing soybean varieties zoned in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of Western Siberia. In terms of productivity, the Cheremshanka and Eldorado varieties stood out on average over three years (3.83; 3.60 t/ha, respectively). The use of mathematical statistical methods showed that in our experiment the productivity of plants had a strong positive relationship with the number of productive nodes (r = 0.91), beans (r = 0.87) and seeds per plant (r = 0.89); with a mass of 1000 seeds, the relationship is also positive, but of medium strength (r = 0.60). Studies have shown that weather conditions influenced the weight of seeds per soybean plant. By the number of seeds per plant, the Eldorado variety stood out - 42.2 pcs. The greatest mass of 1000 seeds was in the Sibiryachka variety and amounted to 183.5 g, only the Cheremshanka variety was closer - 179.6 g. The most productive plants were in the Cheremshanka and Eldorado varieties - 6.6 and 6.5 g/plant, respectively. It is 8% better than the standard variety.
Two kinds of asymmetry in spring wheat leaf blade
Authors: Baranov G , Yu Vinokurov I , Zykov I E , Fedorova L V , Antsyshkina A M
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study was to find differences in the shape and asymmetry of the leaf blade of spring wheat grown at different dose of fertilizer. 52 landmarks were applied to the digitized images of the leaf blade and using the methods of geometric morphometrics the shape configuration was aligned. The components of the shape and asymmetry were estimated using Procrustes distances. Two types of asymmetry – fluctuating and directional were evaluated in Procrustes analysis of variance. The Procrustes distance showed a difference in the shape of the leaves of plants grown on mineral fertilizers in compare to the control (0.003; p <0.001). Visually, the width of the leaf blade of the plants formed with fertilization was bigger than in the control leaves. With an increase in the fertilizer dose, the Goodall criterion value increased from 30.0 to 46.2 (directional asymmetry; p <0.0001) and from 3.8 to 23.02 (fluctuating asymmetry; p <0.0001). There was no change in overall asymmetry of the experimental leaves, as Procrustean distance showed no difference between the centers of the sets in experimental variables (p ≥0.05). Thus, an increase in the dose of mineral-organic fertilizer influenced both the shape and the asymmetry including the structure of the bilateral asymmetry of spring wheat leaf blades, influencing the homeostasis of plant development.
Experiments on dialog models of prognosis of the population density of Globodera rostochiensis in soil at different types of crop rotation
Authors: Shesteperov Aleksander A , Shubaderov Viktor Ya , Vasileva Tatiana A
Published: October 2021

On predictive dialogue models, computer experiments were carried out to obtain data on the dynamics of population density of golden potato nematode in the soil after growing susceptible potato varieties, globoder-resistant potato varieties and unaffected plants in a 10-field crop rotation. When carrying out computer experiments on the model for predicting the population density of golden potato nematode in the soil after growing globoder resistant potato varieties in a 10-field crop rotation, it was found that when growing these varieties, it will take 8-9 years to completely destroy golden potato nematode population in the soil under favorable or average long-term conditions growing potatoes and other crops. Under unfavorable growing conditions for agricultural crops and globoder resistant potato varieties, the larvae of the ZKN remain in the soil for more than 10 years. In addition to predicting the population density of golden potato nematode after growing unaffected crops and potato varieties of varying degrees of resistance to nematode Globodera rostochiensis, computer models make it possible to theoretically substantiate optimal fruit changes and crop rotations, which will make it possible to effectively clear fields from phytoparasite.
Methods for determining exergy photosynthesis in crop production
Authors: Grishin A P , Grishin A A , Grishin V A
Published: October 2021

It is shown that there is an energy types group that does not contain irreversible energy - anergies, and completely or partially consist of a transformable part - exergy. In the crop production productivity bioenergetic theory, as a similar value, one can take the light radiation exergy - that light radiation energy part supplied to plants that can potentially be used by them for photosynthesis and converted into a crop product. As a methodological basis for determining the complex light radiation exergy, as well as any other spectral composition light emission, concerning plant photosynthesis arriving over the given period, it is taken the radiation density distribution over the radiation source spectrum, taking into account the photosynthesis spectral efficiency (action spectrum). The determination method is shown step by step using the two light radiation sources assessing the photosynthetic exergy example - a warm-cold LED lamp LL LED and a LED Phyto-lamp LED - M80. As a result, the photosynthetic exergy values were obtained, respectively - 1552.6 and 1728.5 J. The developed computer program, which is based on the light radiation exergy magnitude, is designed to calculate optimization indicators and select, on their basis, the plants’ type (variety, hybrid) to obtain the required products for compliance with the land ecological conditions. The program use should ensure a reduction in the crop production cost by 30-40%, energy consumption by 25-30% and increase the land-use efficiency by 30-35%.
Exposure of maize bioagrocenoses to diseases at no-till
Authors: Volkov A I , Prohorova L N , Shabalin R A
Published: October 2021

The yield and quality of corn grain is significantly affected by the infection of plants with diseases of agricultural crops. The susceptibility of corn bioagrocenoses of hybrids ROSS 145 MV, ROSS 140 SV, Povolzhsky 107 SV, Katerina SV, NC Falcon, NC Gitago and Delitop to diseases during their cultivation for grain according to traditional, minimal and no-till technology in the agro-climatic conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region was studied. In the course of research, it was found that the most common diseases of corn due to excessive moisture in the soil and high humidity during the harvest period are mildew on the cob, fusarium on the cob, root and stem rot, dust and blister smut. Under unfavorable harvesting conditions, the incidence can reach 40 %. Under favorable weather conditions, there are isolated cases of plant diseases, regardless of the cultivation technology. To protect the bioagrocenoses of corn, it is necessary to grow disease-resistant hybrids, monitor the rotation of crops in the crop rotation, apply full doses of mineral fertilizers and micronutrients, sow at the optimum time with an appropriate seeding depth, maintain a complex chemical plant protection system, starting with seed dressing. The closest to the requirements are zoned maize hybrids with a short growing season ROSS 145 MV, ROSS 140 SV, Povolzhsky 107 SV and Katerina SV.
Response of cellulose-decomposing activity of microorganisms and nutrients to long-term cultivation of durum wheat
Authors: Mitrofanov D V , Galaktionova L V , Tkacheva T A
Published: October 2021

Determination of the main factors affecting the productivity of durum wheat is a prerequisite for studying the activity of soil microorganisms and the content of mobile forms of nutrients (NO3
−, P2O5, K2O) on the chernozems of the Cis-Ural region. The aim of the study is to detect the response of each studied factor separately to an increase in yield for different predecessors of crop rotations. Studies of these factors are conducted for the first time in the field and in the laboratory. In the research work the field, application, ionometric and Machigina methods of the experiment on durum wheat are used. Positive results for 19 years of observations are observed in the second variant of the experiment. They lead to an increase in the yield of durum wheat grain after black steam to 9.2 c from 1 ha. The dependence on the influence of the activity of microorganisms and the content of macronutrients of nutrition consists 51.62; 52.43; 35.27 and 36.80%. A decrease in the biological activity of the soil leads to a low yield level in the seventh variant of sowing, reaching up to 5.1 c per 1 ha, despite the response of nitrates 45.45%, mobile phosphorus 31.91 and exchangeable potassium 42.63%. The results of the study have a major importance in the field of soil science, farming and agriculture.
Analysis of the formation of productivity of artificially created mixtures in different biotypes of barley
Authors: Bogdanov V V , Onufrienok T V , Chuslin A A
Published: October 2021

The research used four varieties of barley, two varieties from the selection of the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture - Vulkan, Bahus and two varieties - of SibNIIRS - Acha, Biom. A four-component mixture of biotypes originally in equal proportions was composed of them. The aim of the research was to study the significance of biotypes in the formation of the productivity of artificially created mixtures and to isolate the most valuable source material for breeding work. Field assessment of biotypes was carried out in 2016-2020. in the forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Spectra of hordeins were identified and recorded as genetic formulas (HRD A.B.F.). Changes in the biotypic composition of the studied mixture were noted already in the first year of reseeding. An increase in the proportions of two biotypes of the Novosibirsk selection 12.1.3 (1.62) and 24.8.2 (1.11) was revealed, while the proportion of biotypes of the Krasnoyarsk selection 2.25.1 and 18.67.1 decreased in equal values, amounting to (0.62), this tendency was traced throughout the entire period of the ongoing research. The differences between biotypes according to the formulas of hordeins reflects not an accidental, but a natural character, which indicates the ecological significance of the used protein markers and the importance of taking into account the variants of the spectra of hordeins when selecting parental forms and carrying out breeding work to create new varieties adapted to growing conditions. As a result of the research, two biotypes 12.1.3 (Acha), 24.8.2 (Biom) were highlighted which are of the greatest value for barley breeding as a starting material.
Geographical distribution of Satyridae (Lepidoptera, Satyridae) of the Kurgan Oblast
Authors: Khlyzova T A , Kozlov S A
Published: October 2021

An analysis of available literary sources showed that the main studies on the study of the species composition of butterflies of the Kurgan Oblast were carried out in the second half of the 20th century. According to literary data, the fauna of the Lepidoptera family Satyridae of the Kurgan Oblast is represented by 24 species. Conducted in 2000-2002 and 2014-2019 in the forest-steppe zone, their own collections and revision of the collection of Kurgan State University confirmed the data of literary sources. Of the 24 satirids species found in the Kurgan Oblast, the Holarctic range is characteristic of only one - C. tullia. The ranges of other species belong to the Palearctic group. Thus, the fauna of the satirids of the Kurgan Oblast by 96% consists of Palearctic species. Of the 23 satirids species with Palearctic ranges, 6 species (L. achine, C. glycerion, C. hero, E. ligea, A. hyperantus, M. dryas) are characterized by a trans-Eurasian temperate-subtropical range, 1 species (L. petropolitana) is assigned to the trans-Eurasian temperate type of the range, 3 (L. maera, C. pamphilus, M. jurtina) have western-central palearctic temperate-subtropical ranges, Euro-Siberian-Central Asian temperate-subtropical range has only 1 species (O. tarpeja), 1 species (E. medusa) is assigned to Euro-Siberian-Central Asian type of range, 8 (C. leander, H. lycaon, H. lupina, P. afra, A. arethusa, C. briseis, C. persephone, M. russiae) have Euro-Kazakhstan temperate-subtropical ranges, 1 species (E. aethiops) is characterized by a Euro-Baikal temperate-subtropical range, the Euro-Baikal subboreal range has 1 species (H. autonoe), the Western Palearctic range is characterized by 1 species (C. arcania). Thus, the fauna of the satirids of the Kurgan region by 96% consists of Palearctic species.
Assessment of the influence of genotype and climatic conditions on the elements of productivity of peas in Eastern Siberia
Authors: Kozhukhova E V , Oreshnikova O P , Novikov V V
Published: October 2021

The studies were carried out in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe on the basis of the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture. The weather conditions of the years of the study differed from each other: 2018 - very dry Hydrothermic Coefficient (HC) 0.60; 2019 - arid HC 0.89; 2020 - moderately humidified HC 1.32. The soil of the plot is ordinary heavy loamy chernozem with an acidity of the soil solution of 6.8 and humus content of 7.8 (according to Tyurin). The researches were carried out in accordance with the guidelines for the study of the collection of the world’s genetic resources of cereal legumes. For the study, 9 samples of peas of different morphotypes were taken. The proportions of the influence of genotype and year conditions on the characteristics of the productivity of the samples were determined - the number of unproductive and productive joints, the number of beans and seeds per plant, and the length of plants. The climatic conditions of the year of cultivation had the greatest influence on the main characteristics of productivity, such as the number of beans per plant, the number of seeds per plant, and the number of productive joints. In terms of the number of beans and seeds per plant, 75% was attributed to the influence of the conditions of the year and 45% to the influence of the variety and the interaction of factors, variety x year. The length of the plants was significantly influenced by the year of cultivation - 66%, the influence of the genotype was estimated at 24%, the interaction of factors at 10%. The factor of the year had a minimal effect on the number of unproductive joints - 19%, the influence of the variety was 80%.
Varietal specificity of the reaction of winter rye to background changes of mineral nutrition
Authors: Timina M A , Lipshin A G , Kozulina N S , Vasilenko A V
Published: October 2021

The study of the genetic characteristics of the reaction of plants to changes in environmental conditions makes it possible to more effectively use the achievements of breeding. In the conditions of the open forest-steppe of the Krasnoyarsk Territory in 2019 - 2020, a study of the yield of winter rye was carried out on a site with a low nitrogen content against two backgrounds: without fertilizers (control) and with fertilization. The object of the research is the varieties included in the State Register for the East Siberian region Yeniseyka (standard), Sinilga, Krasnoyarskaya universal and the Arga variety undergoing state testing. In the dry 2019 year, the average yield in the control variant was 27.5 c(centner) / ha, the increase from fertilization was 8.2 c / ha. In conditions of excessive moisture in 2020, it was respectively - 32.7 c / ha and 13.6 c / ha. The response of varieties to background changes of mineral nutrition was different. The most responsive to fertilization was the Arga variety, the most stable was the Sinilga variety. Krasnoyarskaya universal and Arga surpassed Yeniseyka and Sinilga in average yield by 2.3-2.7 centners / ha and were more resistant to lodging. Arga had an advantage in productivity with a sufficient supply of nutrients, the Krasnoyarsk universal was characterized by greater stability and less response to agrotechnical background changes.
Research on the efficiency of plant protection products in sowing spring wheat
Authors: Bobrovskiy A V , Kryuchkov A A , Kozulina N S , Vasilenko A V , Mikhailets M A
Published: October 2021

Losses of agricultural crops from pests, diseases and weeds are on average 30-35%, and in the years of mass spread of harmful organisms, they can reach 60%. Improvement of the chemical method for regulating the number and harmfulness of pathogens, pests and weeds remains one of the priority directions of development of modern plant protection, which is quite justified, since at this stage this method surpasses all others in many parameters, and the emphasis on minimizing use emphasizes the need to regard pesticides and their application especially seriously.
Technological platform for the cultivation of barley in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe
Authors: Romanov V N , Kozulina N S , Vasilenko A V , Lubochnikov M G
Published: October 2021

The results of the research aimed at developing a technological platform for the cultivation of barley are presented. The technological platform is a pyramid of seven biogenic energy flows. At the base of the pyramid there are streams with sustainable natural potential. They include the conditions of the territory (climate, weather and soil with its natural level of fertility). They mainly determine the choice of variable flows - crop, variety and cultivation technology. The most changing factor with a wide range of changes is the cultivation technology. The technology is directly dependent on the soil, the climate, and the weather and is closely related to anthropogenic impact. The main variable fluxes of biogenic energy include the availability of available moisture, nutrients and weediness of crops. The tillage is the regulated, most costly energy flow. In the experiment, soil cultivation was carried out according to the traditional technology based on fall tillage (control) and minimal. Herbicide treatment allowed to reduce the contamination of the crop for harvesting by 60%. The harvest was formed in harsh weather conditions, grain. Wheat grains, on average, were obtained at 29.2 c / ha, barley - 22.0 - 26.5 c / ha.
The Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra (Russia) typical intra-bog algocenoses analytical assessment
Authors: Skorobogatova O N , Yumagulova E R
Published: October 2021

The work was carried out on the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug nine typical intra-bog lakes freshwater algae material in the period 2008-2018. The studies were carried out according to the classical methods adopted in algology. Species identification was carried out using light microscopes Nikon ECLIPSE E200 and OLYMPUS SX4, taking into account the nomenclature changes published in the international electronic database Algae Base. Algae, mainly phytoplankton, were studied in nine lakes with a 50 to 1162 hectares area. Each of the analysed limnological systems is characterized by both general and specific features, which, on the one hand, reflects belonging to high latitudes water bodies, and on the other hand, indicates the differences between each of the systems, due to their type and anthropogenic load. A high significance was revealed in the families Desmidiaceae and Eunatiae all lakes, a generic ranks structure significant diversity, in which the genera Dinobryon, Eunotia, Staurastrum are of the greatest importance. The work analyses the identified algae taxonomic composition calculates the algocenoses saturation, specificity, and similarity coefficients, and the dominants’ composition.
Theoretical and experimental aspects of studying the disc working body of the feed chopper
Authors: Tumanova Marina I , Kotelevskaya Elena A
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the issue of preparing stalk feed for feeding cattle in small-scale farming with an energy-saving technical means, a stalk chopper with a disk working body. A constructive-technological scheme of a disk working body of a grinder equipped with combined cutting segments is proposed. The main results of theoretical and experimental studies of the process of milling stem feed are presented.
Phytosanitary status of disturbed ecosystems
Authors: Vasilyeva T N , Ryabinina Z N , Lebedev S V
Published: October 2021

The research is devoted to the study of the problem of finding plants-remediators, weeds of inconveniences and arable lands of the Orenburg region. Analysis of aboveground organs of representatives of herbaceous flora and soil for the presence of mobile forms of heavy metals (Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cd, Pb, and Zn) by atomic absorption spectrometry using mathematical statistics methods. It was found that the best accumulating abilities are (in descending order): Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski, Achillea millefolium L., Taraxacum officinale Wigg. We found that the concentrations of the most dangerous heavy metals Pb, Cd are expressed for such potential mediators (in descending order): Elytrígia répens, Achilléa millefólium, Taracsacum officinalis, Plantágo média, Chelidónium május.
State land monitoring and its regional aspects
Authors: Bayanova A A
Published: October 2021

The state land monitoring in the territory of the Kachugsky and Shelekhovsky districts of the Irkutsk region revealed the development of negative processes of natural and anthropogenic nature. The conducted research revealed the distribution areas of water erosion over the entire area of the districts. Significant territories are subject to such negative natural processes as waterlogging, swamping, and flooding. Burnt areas and industrial forest use are the most widespread among negative processes of an anthropogenic nature. The obtained relevant information based on the research results can contribute to the adoption of effective management decisions to prevent the deterioration of land condition.
Electrochemical methods for monitoring the content of polysulfides in environmental objects
Authors: Aksinenko O S , Kovaleva S V , Korshunov A V
Published: October 2021

Sulfur-containing products (elemental sulfur, polysulfides) used to control agricultural pests (powdery mildew, anthracnose, scab, spider mite) undergo chemical transformations under environmental conditions resulting in formation of toxic soluble and volatile sulfur compounds (hydrogen sulfide, sulfides, polysulfides). A relatively simple electrochemical method for monitoring the content of polysulfides in various objects based on cathodic stripping voltammetry (direct- and alternating-current modes) with a mercury-film electrode in an alkaline supporting electrolyte is proposed in the paper. It was shown that the value of the analytical signal depends linearly on the concentration of S2
2- and S3
2- ions in the range of 1•10−7-1•10−3 M. The method can be used to determine the total content of polysulfides in environmental objects and to calculate the average degree of polysulfidity n for Sn
2- ions.
Hydrochemical and hydrobiological characteristics of the Torey Plain lakes during the period of the lowest territory moisture
Authors: Matyugina E B , Borzenko S V
Published: October 2021

The largest salt lakes on the territory of Southeastern Transbaikalia and Northeastern Mongolia have been studied. It is shown that all lakes differ in hydrochemical and hydrobiological characteristics. According to the chemical composition of water, they belong to the soda type and sodium, carbonate, bicarbonate and chloride ions are predominant. Sulfates are in a subordinate meaning. The established relationship between abiotic and biotic parameters indicates the conjugation of biogeochemical processes involved in the formation of the soda type of lakes through the carbon cycle.
Modeling of humus content in chernozem typical in conditions of long-term land use
Authors: Orekhovskaya A A , Stupakov A G , Solovichenko V D , Kotlyarova E G , Kulikova M A
Published: October 2021

The article considers experimental data on the study of humus content in typical chernozem, depending on the method of basic tillage, doses of mineral and organic fertilizers in conditions of long-term land use. It is determined that when plowing, it is better to apply manure at a dose of 16 t/ha in combination with mineral fertilizers at a dose of N84P124K124, and with minimal tillage – mineral fertilizers in a single dose. The correlation and regression analysis of the obtained results was carried out. It was found that when constructing 4-factor models, a strong correlation was established in the 0-10 cm layer (>0.7), and in the underlying layers an average correlation (0.53-0.60). These models will allow not only to control the humus content in typical chernozem, but also to make a forecast of its changes in the future.
The influence of mining wastes from the Russia’s Arctic zone on the plants development
Authors: Krasavtseva E A , Maksimova V V
Published: October 2021

This paper contains an integrated phytotesting-based assessment of the impact on the biota of the mining waste generated in Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (Murmansk Region, Russia). In order to collect as unbiased as possible data on plant growth and development, a number of test cultures of various classes were used, including monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants (Avéna satíva L., Lepidium sativum, Tríticum aestivum L., Trifolium praténse L.). Concentration tailings of apatite-nepheline, complex and loparite ores were studied using eluate and contact methods. Eluate phytotesting showed different levels of response in the test cultures when exposed to the native extracts of the concentration tailings. In the most sensitive cultures, the root length inhibition effect (of loparite ore concentration tailings) was less than 15%, which does not exceed the threshold inhibition value required for the phytotoxic effect to be established. When testing diluted extracts, manifestations of the hormetic (stimulating) effect were observed in some of the test cultures. Hazard class V was experimentally confirmed in the examined plant species. It was found that oats and wheat are more sensitive compared to watercress and clover — both when exposed to aqueous extracts and when germinating seeds in a substrate. The greatest plant inhibition effect was observed in loparite ore concentration tailings, which supports the conclusion that the likelihood of spontaneous revegetation of mining waste dumps is minimal and that comprehensive land remediation methods need to be developed. The results of contact phytotesting indicate the good prospects of tailings dump reclamation by mixing the top layer of the tailings with fertile soil in different ratios.
Poisoning of Apis mellifera bees with neonicotinoids and glyphosate
Authors: Sotnikov A N , Gulyukin M I , Isaev Y G , Stepanova T V
Published: October 2021

In the summer of 2019, in many regions of the Russian Federation, there was a high death rate of honey bee families in apiaries after treating rapeseed and other fields with pesticides during flowering. The purpose of our research: to study the effect of neonicotinoids and glyphosate contained in pesticides and herbicides on Apis mellifera honey bees in laboratory conditions, to study the clinical picture of poisoning. As a result of the study, it was revealed that imidacloprid and thiacloprid have a fumigant effect from the treated surfaces for 7 days. In addition, the accumulation and death of bees from small doses can be observed on the 9th day and later. The effect of glyphosate-containing preparations on bees in laboratory conditions revealed 100% death of bees when consumed with feed. The death of bees after consuming sugar syrup with the drug, even from small doses, occurred after 15 minutes, and in the fumigation test, no death was found with prolonged exposure of the drug near bees.
Sorption of petroleum products by chemically modified agricultural waste
Authors: Sippel I Y , Hannanova G F , Magdin K A
Published: October 2021

The work investigated the physical, mechanical and sorption properties of cellulose-containing wastes of agro-industrial production, formed as a result of manufacturing activities of one of the large agricultural enterprises in the Republic of Tatarstan. To improve the sorption properties, the wastes were chemically modified via treating them with sodium hydroxide solutions with 0.5, 1, and 3% concentrations at a temperature of (20 ± 2) ° C. Standard and operating diesel oils were used as sorbates. As a result of alkaline treatment, there is an increase in the maximum oil absorption of sorption materials in relation to engine oils, an increase in the sorption activity with respect to iodine, which characterizes the material porosity, as well as a decrease in the bulk density of the modified samples. The best physical, mechanical and sorption properties were found in cellulose-containing waste treated with a 3% sodium hydroxide solution.