bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Chemical Courage”: A Review on Pharmacotoxicological Aspects of Fenethylline (Captagon)
Authors: Soltaninejad Kambiz
Published: May 2024

Fenethylline (Captagon) is a synthetic psychostimulant drug was synthesized in Germany in 1961. It is a combination of amphetamine and theophylline molecules and having central nervous system (CNS) stimulant effects similar to the amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS). First it used as a milder alternative of ATS in treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children, narcolepsy and depression in Germany and the United States (US). In 1981, Fenethylline classified as a schedule I controlled substance and was banned in the US because of side effects including hallucinations, psychosis and visual distortions. The drug became illegal in most countries in 1986 after being listed by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, it is now a prominent drug of abuse in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). Recently, the drug manufactured as street drug in clandestine laboratories with its original brand as called Captagon in EMR countries. Captagon promotes euphoria, feeling of wellbeing, fearless, insomnia, anorexia and even analgesia and it is emerging as a drug associated with war and terroristic acts in the Middle East by nicknames such as: “Jihadi pill”, “Jihad pill”, “Jihadist’s drug” or “Abu Hilalain” in Arabian countries. It is popular abused drugs in Middle East by soldiers, militants, combatants, terrorists and even civilians. The aim of this review is an overview of pharmacotoxicological aspects of Captagon and its current status as a abused drug in wars and terroristic attacks.
Depressive Disorder in Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Effects of Surgery in Elderly Patients: Case Series
Authors: Sanna Andrea , G Buzzi , D Prando , S Targa , F Bagolini , B Mantovan , L Zuliani , A Mazza
Published: May 2024

Background: Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) often present nonspecific symptoms such as major depressive disorder and psychosis. Calcium plays a role in the pathogenesis of psychiatric symptoms by determining changes in monoamine metabolism in the central nervous system, thereby modifying neurotransmission and resulting in mood and cognitive alterations. Case series: This report presents a case series of 3 patients; 70-year-old, 78 year- old and 94 year-old women with PHPT and severe depression symptoms and its response to parathyroidectomy. The patients were a poor historian. Results of preoperative laboratory tests showed an increased serum calcium level (11.15mg/dL, 10.9 mg/dL and 11.4 mg/dL- reference range 8.4-10.2 mg/dL). A repeat serum calcium test confirmed hypercalcemia with concurrent elevated intact parathyroid hormone level. Two patients were undergone at parathyroidectomy. A 94 year-old patient refuse surgical approach and was efficacy treated with a single dose of zoledronic acid. Therefore, the patients underwent parathyroidectomy two months after procedure had a clinical improvement on depressive symptoms. There was any recurrent laryngeal nerve injury or recurrent PHTP. Conclusion: The presence of a long-standing depressive disorder unresponsive to medical therapy may suggest an organic disorder such as chronic hypercalcemia which may be secondary to PHPT. Surgical intervention in these selected cases can assist medical therapy in the improvement of depressive symptoms.
Mandibular First Premolar with Unusual Root and Canal Variation Associated With Condensing Osteitis or Sclerosing Osteitis–A Rarest Case Report
Authors: NB Nagaveni
Published: May 2024

The present article reports existence of severe root dilaceration (80-degree bend) and Vertucci’s type V root canal configuration in the mandibular first premolar which is rarely reported in the dental endodontic literature. In addition to this, development of a localized condensing osteitis involving the same tooth which is rarely reported till date is also presented. Condensing osteitis was accidentally detected following radiographic examination of the first premolar and this clinical condition usually involves the tooth with a long-standing pulpal infection and occurs as a result of body’s defence mechanism against the infection. This radiopaque jaw pathology represents a bone deposition phenomenon rather than a bone destruction, a reactionary process seen following an inflammatory process in the tooth.
Total Hip Arthroplasty for Aseptic Osteonecrosis in Sickle Cell Patients at the Hospital General De Reference De Niamey / Niamey
Authors: Mohamed Abdoul Wahab A , MH Dalatou , IDE Garba , ISB Seyni
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Aseptic osteonecrosis of the femoral head is one of the frequent bone sequelae of sickle cell disease. It is difficult and costly to treat. The aim of this study was to determine the complications and evaluate the functional results. Material and methods: This was a retrospective monocentric study including total hip replacements in sickle cell subjects (March 2015 to May 2019), excluding patients with severe comorbidity. The mean follow-up was 12 months. Results: During the study period, 17 patients with sickle cell disease underwent total hip arthroplasty for aseptic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. There were 10 women (58.82%) and 07 men (41.18%). The mean age of the patients, all sexes combined, at the time of surgery was 31 years. The distribution of the hemoglobinopathy phenotype was dominated by the SS homozygous form, accounting for 52.94% of patients. The mean preoperative PMA score was 8.41/18. Radiological classification by Ficat and Arlet showed that 82.35% of hips were stage 4 and 17.65% stage 3. Arthroplasty was performed via a posterolateral Moore approach under spinal anesthesia. Postoperative clinical re-evaluation showed marked improvement, with a mean postoperative PMA score of 17.17/18. Conclusion: The functional and radiological results obtained over time make total hip arthroplasty the treatment of choice for osteonecrosis of the femoral head in sickle cell disease.
Biomechanics in Pathological Fractures
Authors: TN Santhosh Kumar , HY Shivanna , NN Kumar
Published: May 2024

In the setting of a benign or malignant lesion the altered physiology and mechanics may lead to pathological fractures. Patient outcome depends on proper diagnosis, staging and treatment of pathological fractures. On conventional X rays or computed tomography scan (CT) images it becomes extremely difficult to assess the clinical fracture risks. Accurate predication can’t be made by experienced clinicians
Review of Metabolic Syndrome (Santarpana Janya Vyadhi) and its Management by Virechana Karma and Vyoshadi Saktu
Authors: A Subhi
Published: May 2024

Ayurveda, considered the oldest form of healthcare globally, aligns individuals with the inherent principles of nature to maintain overall well-being by harmonizing body, mind, and spirit. In the contemporary age of rapid modernization and hectic lifestyles, people lead busy and stressful lives, marked by a growing consumption of high-calorie fast food. The prevalence of sedentary habits contributes to an increase in total body fat and cholesterol. It leads to health issues such as hypertension, heart diseases, hyperlipidemia, and truncal obesity. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a disorder of energy and storage containing of risk factor for various complications such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardio vascular disease. Being an alarming disease, it requires effective management. In recent years several synthetic drugs have been introduced for the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Clinical trials have shown that antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antilipidemic drugs alone have limited long term efficacy and one cannot avoid major side effects such as drug dependence, drug resistance, sedation etc. Ayurvedic medicine provides a range of measures. In Ayurvedic literature, Acharya Charaka has mentioned group of diseases which arises due to over intake of heavy meals and sedentary life style collectively called as Santarpana Janya Vyadhi which can be symptomatically co-related with metabolic syndrome. Acharya Charaka has specified treatment methods involving substances (Dravyabhuta Chikitsa) and non-substances (Adravyabhuta Chikitsa) for conditions caused by over-nourishment, such as Vaman, Virechana, Raktmokshana, Vyayama (exercise), Dhooma(fumigation), Swedana(sudation), and Rooksha Anna Sewana (intake of dry substances). This paper aims to review metabolic syndrome in Ayurveda and its corresponding management strategies.
Review of Vishwachi (Cervical Radiculopathy) and its Management by Sahachara Taila Matra Basti
Authors: A Rawat
Published: May 2024

Cervical radiculopathy, a prevalent condition in today's world, arises from degenerative changes in the cervical spine. It commonly emerges during the fourth and fifth decades of life. Lifestyle factors, such as prolonged screen use, sedentary habits, and occupational strain, significantly contribute to its widespread occurrence. This ailment disrupts daily life, causing neck pain, radiating discomfort, and sensory disturbances. The contemporary surge in cervical radiculopathy highlights the impact of evolving lifestyles on musculoskeletal health, underscoring the need for proactive preventive measures. The Sushruta Samhita Nidana Sthana classifies Vishwachi under Vata Vikara, affecting the neck and upper extremities with symptoms akin to cervical radiculopathy. Both conditions share manifestations of Ruka, Stambha, Toda, Karmakshaya, and Chestapaharan of Bahu with Vata being the predominant Dosha responsible for Shoola. This article explores the impact of Matra Basti in managing Vishwachi, recognizing Basti as the premier therapeutic approach for Vata Vikara. There are many Siddha Taila used for Matra Basti in Vishwachi. Sahachara Taila (Cha.Chi.28/145) is one of them. The focus is on assessing the efficacy of Sahachara Taila Matra Basti in addressing the manifestations of Vishwachi, aligning with the acknowledged effectiveness of Basti in treating disorders associated with the Vata Dosha.
A Review on Cost and Return of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Cultivation in India
Authors: Rathore Rakesh
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this paper is to review the cost and return of medicinal and aromatic plants cultivation. Relevant and scholarly articles of various researchers were reviewed. The articles were searched using the keywords "medicinal and aromatic plants" along with cost and return, cultivation. Scientific platforms such as Google Scholar and Scopus were searched, along with, annual reports, magazines, newspapers, medicinal plants board websites etc. The reviews compiled collective information on cost and return, benefit cost ratio.   Medicinal and aromatic plants provide a higher return compared to traditional crops. However, marketing is an important constraint in cultivation. Understanding the economics of cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants is an important step in designing future policies. This paper tries to fill the gap and contributes literature on cost and return of cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants, which may be helpful in improving the linkage of value chain of the sector.
Digital Divide’s Impact on Accounting Information Systems Risks Faced by Financial Auditors: A Jordanian Case Study
Authors: Kalbouneh Ahmad Yousef , Aldabbas Qasem , Shaheen Loona , Aburisheh Khaled
Published: May 2024

The study emphasizes the importance of organizational structure, human capital, and legal controls in reducing accounting system risks. Three research questions explore the impact of the organizational structure, the role of human capital, and the significance of legal controls in risk reduction. Using statistical analysis, 104 questionnaires were distributed, and 76 were collected for the statistical analysis, including simple linear regression. The study reveals significant findings. The organizational structure plays a positive and influential role in establishing sound internal control systems that reduce accounting system risks. Qualified human capital contributes to technical progress, enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of financial audit activities. Robust legal controls effectively identify deviations, ensuring data integrity and compliance with international standards. Recommendations for the JDRC include establishing a clear organizational structure, investing in qualified human capital, and implementing comprehensive legal controls to mitigate accounting system risks. This study contributes to the literature by addressing unique variables and highlighting the risks and limitations of accounting systems within the JDRC. The findings inform organizations in similar contexts, guiding effective risk mitigation strategies and enhancing accounting system performance.
¿Cuánto cuesta una diputación?: gastos de campaña y elecciones en México
Authors: Atilano Robles Edwin , Bárcena Juárez Sergio Arturo , Téllez del Río Julio
Published: May 2024

En este artículo se analiza cómo distribuyen su presupuesto los partidos políticos entre sus candidaturas cuando hay diversas elecciones en juego y escasez de recursos. Y, una vez ejercidos los gastos de campaña, el efecto que tienen en el triunfo o fracaso de una elección. Se utiliza una base de datos original de las elecciones de diputados federales en México de 2021 y se aplican diferentes modelos de regresión logística. Los resultados sugieren que hay un efecto positivo del gasto en la probabilidad de ganar una elección. Esto resulta relevante para el entendimiento de estrategias electorales y posibles condiciones que afectan la equidad democrática.
Loss and gain of marine biodiversity in Mediterranean seawaters
Authors: Cantasano Nicola
Published: May 2024

The Mediterranean Sea is one of the most important biodiversity hotspots worldwide. The high biodiversity level of the basin is confirmed by the presence of about 17,000 marine species of which 20.2% are endemics. Amongst them, Posidonia oceanica (Linnaeus) Delile can form, in pristine coastal waters, large and extensive meadows, performing a pivotal role in endemic processes. However, the richness of marine biota is, actually, affected by some threats such as habitat loss, marine pollution, climate changes, eutrophication and the establishment of invasive alien species coming from the Indo-Pacific region through the pathway of Suez Canal. This trend could lead to a new kind of marine biodiversity influenced by the introduction of termophilic species altering the pattern of Mediterranean biota. Anyway, it is necessary a global approach, ensuring the better ecological conditions so to protect marine biodiversity in meditrranean seawaters.
Holocene environmental history of the Bottomless Lake (Tăul fără fund) sphagnum peat bog in Bǎgǎu, Romania
Authors: Vári Tamás Zsolt , Molnár Dávid , Sümegi Pál , Sümegi Balázs Pál , Törőcsik Tünde , Szakál Edit , Benyó-Korcsmáros Réka
Published: May 2024

This work focuses on the paleoenvironmental and palaeoclimatological history of the undisturbed core sequence of 8.6 m extracted from the Bottomless Lake (Tăul fără fund) sphagnum peat bog located in Bǎgǎu, Romania, which covers the last 8,600 years based on radiocarbon dating. By comparing results of archaeological and palaeoenvironmental investigations carried out so far in the area, results of the loss on ignition analyses and the data of the chronological analyses, it was possible to reconstruct climatic factors and anthropogenic impacts on the local environment. The undisturbed core sequence has above 86% organic matter content all along excluding the erosion horizons. Anthropogenic effects (building, woodcutting, pasturage, husbandry, farming) and changes in the local climate, vegetation, and environment increased the rate of the erosion and decreased the rate of the accumulation.
Exploring Themes and Patterns in American Literature Using Text Analysis Techniques
Authors: Cao Yu
Published: May 2024

This study leverages web crawling techniques within the realm of text mining to collect text data from American literary sources. Given the presence of substantial extraneous information in the data, preprocessing is essential to refine the content. Once processed, the data is fed into a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network to generate text vectors that encapsulate characteristics of American literature. Building on this, the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic model extracts salient features from these vectors. An illustrative analysis of American literature is conducted using these methods. Our findings indicate that a significant portion of novels, which mirror the societal life themes prevalent in the United States, aligned with the ideological currents of their time. Notably, these constituted a substantial majority—62.18%—of all American literary works during the period under review. This research not only facilitates the wider dissemination and exchange of American literary works but also contributes to elevating American literature to a new echelon of global recognition.
Development of E-Student Worksheet Based on Learning Cycle (7e) on Temperature and Heat Material to Improve Understanding of Physics Concepts in High School
Authors: Nurfitriani Ressti , Putri Desy Hanisa , Medriati Rosane
Published: May 2024

The facts in the field indicate that students' understanding of physics concepts is still very low. This study aims to describe the feasibility of E-student worksheets based on the Learning Cycle (7e) to improve students' conceptual understanding, describe the level of achievement of students' conceptual understanding, and describe students' responses using Learning E-Student Worksheets based Cycle (7e). This research is a Research and Development (RD) type with the ADDIE method. The research subjects are media experts, material experts, physics learning practitioners, and students of 11th grade Science 3 at Public High School 04 in Bengkulu City. Research instruments consist of interview sheets, observation sheets, needs analysis questionnaires, response questionnaires, expert validation questionnaires, and pretest-posttest questions. Data collection is carried out through interviews, observations, and questionnaires. Data were analyzed using needs analysis, expert validation data, effectiveness of conceptual understanding, and student responses. The research results show that the feasibility of e-Student Worksheets based on the seven e Learning Cycle to improve students' conceptual understanding obtained a score of ninety-seven percent, an increase in conceptual understanding from zero point seven to four, and student responses averaged eighty-seven percent. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the E-Student Worksheet based on the Learning Cycle (7e) is suitable for use and can improve conceptual understanding, as well as receiving very good responses from students
Development of Interactive Learning Media Assisted by Articulate Storyline 3 to Train High School Students' Problem-Solving Skills
Authors: Wahyuni Messy , Medriati Rosane , Setiawan Iwan
Published: May 2024

As a result of the PISA test, the science category indicates that students' problem-solving abilities in Indonesia fall within the low category. This study aims to describe (1) the feasibility of interactive learning media assisted by the Articulate Storyline 3 application, (2) the improvement of students' problem-solving abilities after using learning media assisted by Articulate Storyline 3, and (3) student responses to Articulate Storyline 3-assisted learning media. This research uses the Research and Development (RD) method with the ADDIE model. The research subjects are students of the 10th grade at Public High School 8 in Bengkulu City. The research instruments used are interview sheets, observations, needs analysis, expert validation, pretest-posttest, and student response questionnaires. Data collection is done through observations, interviews, and questionnaires. Data were analyzed using quantitative analysis techniques and summarized qualitatively. The product generated is interactive learning media assisted by Articulate Storyline 3, with expert validation results showing a 90% percentage in the highly feasible category. Students' problem-solving abilities, tested with the N-gain test, obtained a score of 0.65, indicating moderate improvement, and student responses received an 83% percentage in the very good category. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the development of interactive learning media assisted by Articulate Storyline 3 to train students' problem-solving abilities is highly feasible
The Effect of the Rumah Belajar Portal on Critical Thinking Skills of High School Students
Authors: Mahzum Elmi , Rezeki Silvia , Kasli Elisa , Saputri Mawarni , Nasrudin Mohammad Faidzul
Published: May 2024

In physics education, teachers and students have not fully utilized instructional media that can support critical thinking skills. This research aims to investigate the influence of the Home Learning Portal on the critical thinking abilities of high school students. The population of this study consists of eleventh-grade students at State Senior High School 3 Banda Aceh.  The sample includes two classes, namely the experimental class and the control class, with 37 students in each class. The sample selection was conducted through simple random sampling. The research adopts a quantitative approach with an experimental research design. Data collection involves the use of test questions (pretest and posttest). Data analysis includes normality and homogeneity tests as prerequisites, and a t-test for statistical analysis. The critical thinking ability data are obtained from the percentage of indicator achievement. The results of the data analysis indicate that the obtained data are normally distributed and homogeneous. Furthermore, the t-test results show a higher score in the experimental class compared to the control class, with a calculated t-value of 4.191 the tabulated t-value of 1.666. This means that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, concluding that there is an influence of the Home Learning Portal on the critical thinking abilities of high school students. The improvement in students' critical thinking skills is evident, with the highest average score observed in the experimental class, particularly in the conclusion indicator, at 89.19% categorized as very good.
Optimizing Urban Mobility: Assessing the Impact of Selangor's Intelligent Transport System (SITs)
Authors: Binti Abd Nasir Siti Muyassarah , Binti Mohamood Siti Khairul Bariah
Published: May 2024

This paper addresses Malaysia's public transport system, primarily managed by small operators in its developing state. Efficient transportation management relies on collaborative information sharing. Systems must provide an easy and effective way to manage staff and registered users, including students and community members. Working passengers require efficient route information to minimize delays. Therefore, systems should cater to all users' needs. Registered users, such as students, also require real-time bus updates to avoid long waits and inform the organization of delays via SMS. Implementing and managing these services collectively presents challenges. Mobile technology, including smartphones and laptops, offers a solution through location-based applications for managing transportation with map navigation. The recent mobile technology revolution has intensified competition among developers, resulting in similar yet distinct applications. Modern transit services now offer virtual access to schedules and advanced features like integration with Google Maps and real-time tracking. De-spite benefits, implementing a Smart Transportation Application (STA) with GPS and digital route maps can be daunting and costly for smaller operators.
Lexical and semantic features of the verbalization of the Russian concept of «Fate–Promysel» in diachrony
Authors: Dmitrieva Natalya Mikhailovna , Korobeynikova Anna Aleksandrovna , Malahova Olga Mikhailovna
Published: May 2024

The subject of the study – the concept «Fate–Promysel» and its lexical-semantic field in diachrony. The relevance is due to the key position of the idea of fate in Russian culture, the frequency of use of verbalizers of the concept. The concept is analyzed from the point of view of its lexical and semantic representation in different eras: the period of the spread of Old Church Slavonic writing – modern times. The purpose of the article is to determine the original semantic parts of the main verbalizers of the concept, study their constancy and changeability in diachrony. The methods of semantic analysis and of semantic experiment were used. Conclusions: 1) the main semantic parts of the concept in the Old Church Slavonic / Church Slavonic languages are designated as primordial, 2) changes in verbalizers and their meanings are traced: the predominance of verbalizers with the semes «random», «share», «fate» in the 19th century, the disappearance of the verbalizer «providence» and the rarity of fixation in the semantic field of dictionary definitions of the meaning «care of God about man» in the 20th century, 3) the semantic experiment made it possible to determine that the verbalizer «fate» is fixed by the participants mainly in the meaning of «destiny», while the idea of the randomness of events, their independence from the will of a person is inferior among modern native speakers to the understanding of fate as a set of cause-and-effect relationships, personal choices and influence of external circumstances that can be predicted and influenced by humans. There is a significant semantic shift in the lexical-semantic field of the concept «Fate–Promysel» from the main seme «Divine care for man» to the seme «coincidence of circumstances» (controlled or not by a person).
The Compromise of Online Assessment Integrity among Technical Vocational Education and Training College Students: An Instructor’s Perspective
Authors: Mbambo Goodwill Phezulu , du Plessis Elize
Published: May 2024

Conferring qualifications on individuals who have cheated in their assessments compromises the quality of education. Since academic cheating is prevalent in various colleges and universities, the aim of this study was to propose mitigation strategies to optimise summative assessments in Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) colleges and circumvent academic cheating. A qualitative approach was adopted, and data were collected by means of face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 10 lecturers who regularly invigilate examinations and mark examination scripts. The findings show that numerous students cheat in the examination, which undermines the education system as qualifications can be conferred on non-deserving individuals. New technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence and a variety of social media platforms, are said to motivate cheating behaviour. This study proposes the use of technology to combat such unbecoming behaviour.
A precarização do trabalho e a desigualdade social como fatores deletérios à qualidade de vida
Authors: Simão Victor Tadeu da Cunha , Garcia Isadora Soares Bicalho , Chávare Jéssica , Guerreiro Aline Angélica Peres , Augusto Lucas Barros Xavier , Gomes Luiz Henrique Nacife , Castilho César Teixeira
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos da precarização do trabalho e a desigualdade social ao acesso do tempo livre e na prática de atividades físicas na qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores. Revisão bibliográfica: A precarização do trabalho é um conjunto de condições e práticas que geram um impacto negativo na qualidade de vida e que é influenciado pela desigualdade social no mercado trabalhista. Isso dificulta o acesso equitativo a empregos e educação de qualidade e adequada, além da limitação ao acesso ao tempo livre que permite condições maléficas de saúde como fadiga, síndrome de burnout, dor crônica e depressão. Portanto, a satisfação dos trabalhadores demonstra a necessidade, por exemplo, da implementação de senso de comunidade, apoio de seus superiores a suas necessidades, a pausa ativa durante o trabalho e outros que são fundamentais para a melhor promoção da saúde física e mental. Considerações finais: É fundamental o estabelecimento de políticas públicas e práticas empresariais para promoção de condições saudáveis de trabalho, da prática de atividade física para melhora da qualidade de vida.
Isolated thoracic intradural extramedullary epidermoid cyst: A technical note
Authors: El Marrakchi Malak , Haddi Mostafa , Zian Nahla , Bellihi Younes , Ghannane Houssine , Benali Said Ait
Published: May 2024

Background:

Congenital, acquired, and iatrogenic spinal epidermoid cysts (EC) are very rare.

Methods:

A 62-year-old female patient presented with a 5-month history of progressive paraparesis leading to paraplegia secondary to a posterior compressive intradural extramedullary lesion at the T7 level. The patient underwent a laminectomy/durotomy for gross total tumor excision.

Results:

Histopathology confirmed the lesion was an epidermoid cyst. Although her spasticity improved within 5 weeks, she only regained partial lower extremity motion (i.e., 3/5 motor function).

Conclusion:

Patients presenting with the acute/subacute onset of paraparesis secondary to spinal EC should undergo timely gross total cyst resections to optimize neurological outcomes.
Continuous N2O capture and reduction to N2 using Ca-zeolite adsorbent and Pd/La/Al2O3 reduction catalyst
Authors: Jing Yuan , He Chenxi , Wan Li , Tong Jiahuan , Zhang Jialei , Mine Shinya , Zhang Ningqiang , Kageyama Yuuta , Inomata Hironori , Shimizu Ken-ichi , Toyao Takashi
Published: May 2024

There is an urgent need to develop effective methods for converting nitrous oxide (N2O) into non-harmful N2 because N2O is a potent greenhouse gas, and its increasing concentration in the atmosphere is a major concern for global warming. In this study, we developed a two-step N2O capture and reduction system, employing CaO-incorporated zeolites (Ca-zeolites) as N2O adsorbents and Pd nanoparticles on La-containing Al2O3 (Pd/La/Al2O3) as catalysts for N2O reduction. This process is suitable for continuous operation over a temperature swing of 50–150 °C. The N2O capture capacity and subsequent reduction ability were preserved for at least 15 h (10 cycles). Notably, this system can operate at low temperatures (below 150 °C) using a simple temperature-swing process in the presence of O2.
Hydrazine-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Cyclobutenes
Authors: Kellner-Rogers Julian , Hsu Jesse , Keresztes Ivan , Fors Brett , Lambert Tristan
Published: May 2024

Materials formed by the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of cyclic olefins are highly valued for industrial and academic applications but are difficult to prepare free of metal contaminants. Here we describe a highly efficient metal-free ROMP of cyclobutenes using hydrazine catalysis. Reactions can be initiated via in situ condensation of a [2.2.2]-bicyclic hydrazine catalyst with an aliphatic or aromatic aldehyde initiator. The polymerizations show living characteristics, achieving excellent control over molecular weight, low dispersity values, and high chain-end fidelity. Additionally, the hydrazine can be used in substoichiometric amounts relative to the aldehyde chain-end while maintaining good control over molecular weight and low dispersity values, indicating that a highly efficient chain transfer mechanism is occurring.
Performance prediction of high-entropy perovskites La0.8Sr0.2MnxCoyFezO3 with automated highthroughput characterization of combinatorial libraries and machine learning
Authors: Bozal-Ginesta Carlota , Sirvent Juande , Cordaro Giulio , Fearn Sarah , Pablo-García Sergio , Chiabrera Francesco , Choi Changhyeok , Laa Lisa , Núñez Marc , Cavallaro Andrea , Buzi Fjorelo , Aguadero Ainara , Dezanneau Guilhem , Kilner John , Morata Alex , Baiutti Federico , Aspuru-Guzik Alán , Tarancón Albert
Published: May 2024

Perovskite oxides (ABO3) represent a large family of materials with wide application in many fields due to their celebrated structural and chemical flexibility. Such a vast space of compositions requires efficient exploration strategies now possible with automated high-throughput experiments combined with machine learning prediction algorithms. In this study, we investigate the compositionperformance relationships of high-entropy La0.8Sr0.2MnxCoyFezO3±𝞭 perovskite oxides (0 < x, y, z <1; x+y+z≈1) for application as oxygen electrodes in Solid Oxide Cells. After deposition of a continuous compositional map using thin film combinatorial pulsed laser deposition, we obtain experimental data of structural, composition and functional propertiesfor the whole material family under study through a combination of six advanced characterization methodologies with mapping capabilities. We prove that supervised machine learning methods, particularly random forests, effectively capture the complex relationships between composition, structural features, and electrochemical performance including oxygen transport properties. Using these predictive methods, we create an accurate continuous map of performance for the whole compositional space under study and we open it to the community. Moreover, our model yields an unambiguousstatistical correlation between the distortion of the oxygen sublattice (obtained from spectral analysis of their Raman-active modes) and the highest performances. Finally, the study consistently identifies Fe-rich high-entropy oxides as the optimal compounds with the lowest area-specific resistance values for oxygen electrodes at 700°C. Overall, the work proves the potential of a detailed exploration of relevant chemical spaces by coupling highthroughput experiments and machine learning models to gain new insights and optimize relevant families of materials.
Performance prediction of high-entropy perovskites La0.8Sr0.2MnxCoyFezO3 with automated high-throughput characterization of combinatorial libraries and machine learning
Authors: Bozal-Ginesta Carlota , Sirvent Juande , Cordaro Giulio , Fearn Sarah , Pablo-García Sergio , Chiabrera Francesco , Choi Changhyeok , Laa Lisa , Núñez Marc , Cavallaro Andrea , Buzi Fjorelo , Aguadero Ainara , Dezanneau Guilhem , Kilner John , Morata Alex , Baiutti Federico , Aspuru-Guzik Alán , Tarancón Albert
Published: May 2024

Perovskite oxides (ABO3) represent a large family of materials with wide application in many fields due to their celebrated structural and chemical flexibility. Such a vast space of compositions requires efficient exploration strategies now possible with automated high-throughput experiments combined with machine learning prediction algorithms. In this study, we investigate the compositionperformance relationships of high-entropy La0.8Sr0.2MnxCoyFezO3±𝞭 perovskite oxides (0 < x, y, z <1; x+y+z≈1) for application as oxygen electrodes in Solid Oxide Cells. After deposition of a continuous compositional map using thin film combinatorial pulsed laser deposition, we obtain experimental data of structural, composition and functional propertiesfor the whole material family under study through a combination of six advanced characterization methodologies with mapping capabilities. We prove that supervised machine learning methods, particularly random forests, effectively capture the complex relationships between composition, structural features, and electrochemical performance including oxygen transport properties. Using these predictive methods, we create an accurate continuous map of performance for the whole compositional space under study and we open it to the community. Moreover, our model yields an unambiguousstatistical correlation between the distortion of the oxygen sublattice (obtained from spectral analysis of their Raman-active modes) and the highest performances. Finally, the study consistently identifies Fe-rich high-entropy oxides as the optimal compounds with the lowest area-specific resistance values for oxygen electrodes at 700°C. Overall, the work proves the potential of a detailed exploration of relevant chemical spaces by coupling highthroughput experiments and machine learning models to gain new insights and optimize relevant families of materials.
Enhancing Charge Transport in Supramolecular Semiconductors by Strategic Hydrogen-Bonding Positioning
Authors: Martinez Gabriel , Hong Kyeong-Im , Matsuda Wakana , Munuera Carmen , Seki Shu , Ruiz Carretero Amparo
Published: May 2024

Hydrogen-bonded semiconductors stand among the next generation of electronic materials thanks to their promising and versatile properties. Hydrogen-bonding has been proven to effectively compete with traditional p-p stacking, yielding well-connected structures that enhance device morphology and electrical performance. Nevertheless, the precise positioning of hydrogen-bonding units within the molecular structure of p-conjugated segments, can significantly shape the supramolecular architectures that dictate the pathways for charge carriers and ultimately, device efficiency. We elucidate this scenario by exploring diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) molecules featuring amide units strategically positioned at varying distances from the DPP core. Using a comprehensive combination of spectroscopy, structural and microscopy tools, we rationalize the charge transport properties through a contactless technique. Our results reveal that the proximity of the amide units to the DPP core governs the suppression or promotion of intermolecular hydrogen-bonding, resulting in materials exhibiting distinct crystalline or amorphous structures, along with divergent values of photoconductivity and charge carrier lifetimes. More importantly, the strategic positioning of hydrogen-bonding units represents the next step towards integrating hydrogen-bonded small molecules into practical optoelectronic devices
The Positive Impact of Smart Watches on Human Health
Authors: Rajkiran Tiku  , Arpita Rathod  , Bhumika Tiku
Published: May 2024

In the fast-paced, digital world we live in, smart watches have emerged as stylish accessories with the potential to significantly impact human health. These wearable devices offer a wide range of benefits, including internet access, calling, GPS navigation, and health monitoring capabilities. They are in high demand globally and find applications in various sectors, including healthcare, transportation, and electronics. Smart watches have the ability to track medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease and seizures, enabling self-monitoring of activity, providing feedback on activity levels, and facilitating communication with healthcare providers. Integration with the Geographic Information System (GIS) aids in disaster management, while applications can enhance bystander CPR by monitoring CPR frequency and depth. Despite their numerous benefits, smart watches also present challenges and potential negative impacts. They can promote sedentary behaviour, distract users, disrupt sleep patterns, expose users to electromagnetic radiation, raise privacy concerns, and contribute to technology dependency and addiction.  This short communication will mainly focus on key benefits & negative impacts of smart watch on human health.
Análise Acústica como uma contribuição para o estudo do grito cênico
Authors: Guberfain Jane Celeste , Baltar Mariana , Becker Lidia
Published: May 2024

Os atores precisam de domínio corporal para que realizem composições vocais e produzam emissões de forte intensidade sem prejuízo à saúde. Esse trabalho refere-se a uma experiência realizada com três alunas de teatro em que elas emitem gritos orientadas pelas autoras. Os gritos foram analisados acusticamente em função da relação da diferença de amplitude entre o primeiro e o segundo harmônico (H1-H2) com o grau de adução das pregas vocais. Os resultados apontam que valores maiores de intensidade do primeiro harmônico envolvem menos riscos à saúde vocal. As autoras complementam com orientações específicas para a emissão do grito na prática cênica a partir de cuidados e exercícios corporais-vocais.
Corpolítico
Authors: Lucena Luciana Leandro de
Published: May 2024

O presente relato aborda uma experiência de performance laboratorial com foto-projeção em plataforma digital como alternativa de continuidade para processos criativos em tempos de isolamento. O processo convocou saberes ancestrais dos povos guarani através da escuta ativa e da afinação do corpo-vocal numa prática que fricciona afeto e política como aposta de subjetivação ativa contra o processo de hegemonização sobre os corpos num sistema cafetinado (Rolnik, 2018). A opção pela ontologia ameríndia aqui suscitada faz parte de uma escolha epistemológica numa direção decolonial que aposta nos saberes de uma oralidade ancestral referenciada a partir de seleção bibliográfica, reforçando meu intuito como pesquisadora e artista, que é perceber e atuar nas artes da cena a partir do descolamento dos saberes e do fazer de referência exclusivamente ocidental.
Formas de presencia del cuerpo físico y virtual en el teatro a partir del análisis de la obra Futureland de Lola Arias
Authors: Cobello Denise
Published: May 2024

Este artículo propone un estudio sobre las formas de presencia que emergen de Futureland, una de las últimas creaciones de la artista argentina Lola Arias. Aborda la corporalidad del testimonio performativo, el riesgo a la automatización del cuerpo físico frente a la repetición y la relación con la estética del videojuego. El trabajo sobre el control del cuerpo y la voz que se proyecta en escena problematiza la relación entre arte, ciencia y vida. En este sentido, nos preguntamos: ¿qué lecturas habilita la forma de exposición de estos jóvenes? ¿Qué posibilidades de futuro emergen desde el presente de la obra?
Miau, de Victor Flusser
Authors: Fonterrada Marisa Trench de Oliveira , Pontes Samuel Campos de , Molinari Paula Maria Aristides de Oliveira , Pereira Maria Cristina Martins , Martins Lívia Pereira , Moreira Ana Lúcia Iara Gaborim , Millan Bruno Teixeira de Mello , Vieira Márlon Souza
Published: May 2024

Este artigo traz reflexões, questões e soluções relacionadas à montagem de Miau, de Victor Flusser, e mostra sua adaptação ao ambiente virtual. É uma experiência em processo, desenvolvida pelo G-pem - Grupo de Pesquisa em Educação Musical da Unesp. O texto inspirou-se na ideia de rizoma (Deleuze; Guattari, 2017) e com ele buscou-se um caminho do “eu” ao “nós”.  Ele contém: Introdução, descrição da estrutura da obra; ponderações acerca da base-guia que orienta as gravações; questões relacionadas ao Cânone Gestual; especificidade das vozes infanto-juvenis; descrição de técnicas utilizadas na produção do áudio. Em todos os segmentos apontam-se questões surgidas e soluções encontradas.
Voz do Ator
Authors: Temer Branca
Published: May 2024

A proposta de estudar o lugar e o valor da palavra na Arte do Ator é o ponto de partida deste artigo. A hipótese inicial desta investigação é o entendimento da voz como alicerce para a constituição da presença do Ator na cena. A Voz do Ator: elemento fundador da cena pretende examinar a criação poético-sonora específica da Arte do Ator através do texto O Ator deve saber falar: capítulo encontrado no livro Minha vida na Arte de Constantin Stanislavski. No texto, encontramos evidências de que a voz é o elemento chave da atuação e que o Ator, de fato, deve saber falar em consonância com elementos da musicalidade que enriquecem a percepção da Arte da fala.
Vozes em escuta, criando novos mundos
Authors: Ducroquet Elaine Barbosa dos Santos
Published: May 2024

Este artigo se debruça sobre duas entrevistas concedidas por Stenio Mendes, músico, compositor e arte-pedagogo, a fim de delinear caminhos para a voz em processos de criação artística.  Suas reflexões partem de uma escuta profunda do ser humano e da voz como lugar de subjetividade poética. Conceitos como empatia, relação entre o “eu” e o “nós” na constituição artística de um indivíduo encontram ressonância no conceito da Musicalidade Comunicativa de Stephen Malloch, onde a relação entre mãe e bebê são baseadas em parâmetros musicais. A voz nesta primeira relação é rememorada quando em estado de improvisação e experimentação e é alicerce para o desenvolvimento de um indivíduo. O desenvolvimento estético e reflexivo neste contexto assume para a voz a possibilidade de uma criação relacional e encontra paralelos nos conceitos da Estética Relacional de Nicolas Borriaud.
Análise Semiótica das Músicas de Sala e de Cena no Auto da Compadecida de Ariano Suassuna no Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Junior José Manoel de Souza
Published: May 2024

Este estudo tem ênfase na análise da produção de sentido da cena teatral mediante signos sonoros, explorando reflexões semióticas em nosso pensamento. Na análise da montagem do Auto da Compadecida de Ariano Suassuna, encenado pela Sétima Turma de Artes Cênicas da UFGD/MS em 2017, busca-se entender se a música de sala e cena como Dramaturgia Sonora, estabelece relações com estudos culturais. Pela efemeridade teatral, a pesquisa é conduzida a partir do vídeo da peça e análise que examinou, por meio da semiótica, a contribuição das sonoridades para outras formas de dramaturgia. O estudo utilizou teorias de Peirce (2015), Santaella (2013), Maletta (2016), Lignelli (2020) e Tragtenberg (2008).
Fecal Calprotectin as a Biomarker of Depression Severity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chohan Kuljeet K. , Duggal Bharat
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Depression is a debilitating mental health condition. Although the underlying pathophysiology of depression is poorly understood, emerging evidence suggests that the gut-brain-immune axis may contribute to depressive symptoms. Recent literature has established that depression is associated with systemic low-grade inflammation. According to the leaky-gut hypothesis, this systemic inflammation is thought to be caused by increased permeability—a by-product of mucosal inflammation. Accordingly, some research has demonstrated that fecal calprotectin (FC)—a marker of mucosal inflammation—is positively associated with depressive symptoms. However, with some research showing no correlation between the two, the literature has a lack of consensus on the topic. The aim of the current systematic review was to clarify the association between FC and depression. Methods: A search was conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and APA PsycInfo using MeSH terms related to fecal calprotectin and depression. All English studies with human participants were screened for eligibility by two individual raters, excluding case studies and review papers. Selected articles were subsequently used in the data extraction to look for relevant study characteristics and their findings regarding the correlation between fecal calprotectin and depression. Additionally, the JBI tool was used to assess risk of bias. Results: A total of 7 articles were included in the study, comprising 1184 patients. The review found that there is no consensus on whether calprotectin and depression are correlated; therefore, no evidence suggesting utility of calprotectin as a biomarker of depression was found. Discussion: Despite the conflicting findings of the study, there is still some evidence to suggest that calprotectin could be useful as a biomarker. Some of the included studies found that the time of sample collection in relation to the ranking of depression symptoms has an effect on the degree of correlation. Conclusion: This study found that fecal calprotectin is a weak biomarker of depression and is impractical in the general population due to the collection method. Alternatives include serum calprotectin and markers of neuroinflammation. Other studies looking at the role of salivary biomarkers in depression may prove to be promising.