bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le style de gestion des conflits dans le couple conjugal et ses éventuelles bifurcations
Authors: Ayatallah Fatima , Naamane Guessous Soumaya
Published: August 2023

Le style de gestion des conflits dans le couple conjugal s’avère fortement lié à la qualité de la relation conjugale. Celui-ci est un processus qui diffère d’un couple à autre. Au sein du même couple, ce processus est susceptible de connaitre des bifurcations. Dans cette étude nous examinons le comment et le pourquoi de l’avènement de ces bifurcations. Cette étude vise donc à comprendre comment survient la bifurcation des styles de gestion des conflits dans le couple conjugal. Ce travail s’inscrit dans une approche inductive. L’orientation est essentiellement qualitative, en utilisant l’option des entretiens semi-directifs. Pour faire l’analyse de cette étude nous avons utilisé l’instrument de thomas et kilmann (TKI) Qui évalue les comportements des conjoints en tant que groupe social en situation de conflit, selon deux dimensions fondamentales : A- l’affirmation de soi, où l’individu cherche à satisfaire ses propres préoccupations. B- la coopération, Où l’individu tente de satisfaire les préoccupations de l’autre (empathie/ altruisme). Les résultats ont montré que le style de gestion des conflits dans le couple conjugal est le produit d’un processus historique susceptible de connaitre des bifurcations. Celles – ci, engendrées par les comportements des conjoints tels que : la violence conjugale, l’infidélité, la déception, l’avarice, l’élargissement du cercle des relations sociales ainsi que les actes d’altruisme et de bienveillance, sont capables de faire pencher la balance de leur style de résolution des conflits s’étendant entre l’affirmation de soi et l’empathie envers son partenaire. Cette étude souligne l’influence des comportements des conjoints le long de leur vie conjugale sur leur choix du style de gestion des conflits et donc sur la qualité de la relation conjugale.
Le rôle des TIC dans une économie fondée sur la connaissance : cas des organisations marocaines du secteur de l’énergie
Authors: Boualou Widad , Mokhlis Chams Eddoha
Published: August 2023

Au cours des deux dernières décennies, les économies du monde entier se sont efforcées de se transformer en économies fondées sur la connaissance[1]. En effet, l’avantage compétitif durable est désormais lié à la capacité d’innovation fondée sur la production des connaissances, l’enrichissement des savoirs et la valorisation des savoir-faire. Celle-ci est repérée à travers trois principaux indicateurs que sont les dépenses de recherche et développement, la formation et l’intensité de l’utilisation des nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication. Conscientes de cet enjeu de conservation et de valorisation des connaissances et soucieuses de leur compétitivité dans un contexte en perpétuelle mutation, les entreprises font de plus en plus le choix d’adopter des démarches pour gérer leur capital immatériel et d’investir dans les TIC. L’usage que ces entreprises font de ces technologies facilite l’acquisition, la conservation et le partage des connaissances de nature aussi bien explicites que tacites. En effet, les résultats de l’étude conduite dans le cadre de cet article par le biais d’une double approche qualitative/quantitative, nous mènent à la conclusion suivante : du fait de la quasi-immédiateté de leurs effets, les organisations ont un intérêt certain d’adopter les TIC pour bénéficier de leurs usages dans une dynamique de management des connaissances.
Le rôle de l’affichage électorale dans la sensibilisation des électeurs analphabètes
Authors: Dounia Monsif , Jamal Hattabi
Published: August 2023

La participation électorale revêt un grand intérêt pour les acteurs politiques dans tout pays démocratique. Bien que des partis politiques tels que le RNI, le PAM, et le PPS aient utilisé les réseaux sociaux pour se rapprocher des citoyens, faciliter la diffusion d’informations et suivre leurs activités, il convient de se demander si ce modèle de marketing politique, adopté par les partis politiques marocains, est réellement adapté à notre société. Ces pratiques sont-elles le fruit d’experts et le résultat d’une adaptation spécifique à notre contexte marocain ? Les candidats des partis politiques peuvent utiliser divers outils de communication pour transmettre leurs messages aux électeurs, ainsi cette tendance s’accompagne également de la diffusion d’affiches et de documents imprimés à travers tout le pays, comme nous avons pu le constater lors des dernières élections de 2021 au Maroc. Cependant, certains électeurs analphabètes rencontrent des difficultés pour comprendre ces messages, bien qu’ils participent activement aux élections avec un pourcentage significatif. Le problème réside dans le fait qu’il n’existe pas d’indicateurs permettant d’identifier ces électeurs analphabètes. C’est pourquoi il est important de se pencher sur cette dimension de la communication politique qui réussit à convaincre ces électeurs. Une meilleure compréhension de la manière dont les électeurs analphabètes perçoivent la publicité électorale pourrait contribuer à combler les lacunes de la communication politique et à proposer des stratégies plus efficaces pour atteindre ce segment spécifique de l’électorat.
Le théâtre au service de la prise de parole en classe de langue
Authors: Oubaha Imane , Mderssi Hafida
Published: August 2023

L’oral occupe une place primordiale dans l’enseignement du français au Maroc et constitue une composante fondamentale de la séquence didactique. La présente étude s’inscrit dans le domaine de la didactique de l’oral et met l’accent sur le développement de la compétence de production verbale à travers le recours au jeu théâtral. Elle traite de la question de la prise de parole en classe de français langue d’enseignement, en séance de l’oral. La problématique majeure afférente à cette recherche est la suivante : quel est l’apport du théâtre pour la prise de parole en séance de l’oral au cycle secondaire qualifiant ? Pour apporter des éléments de réponse à la problématique soulevée, nous avons opté pour une démarche d’analyse quantitative basée sur le traitement du questionnaire. Les résultats auxquels nous avons aboutis affirment que le théâtre représente un moyen qui favorise la prise de parole en classe pendant l’activité orale.
Les ressources numériques pour développer les compétences du 21ème siècle dans l’enseignement apprentissage des Sciences de la vie et de la terre au Maroc
Authors: Ait El Mokhtar Khadija , Zerhane Rajae , El Hammoumi Sara , Amiri El Mostafa , Drissi Moulay M’hammed , Kaddam Mohamed , Janati-Idrissi Rachid
Published: August 2023

Enseigner à l’ère du 21ème siècle qui est l’ère du numérique place l’école en tant qu’institution de socialisation devant le défi d’intégrer les compétences du 21ème siècle dans les pratiques d’enseignement-apprentissage en utilisant toutes les potentialités des technologies d’information et de communication (TIC) et développer ainsi des ressources numériques pédagogiques adaptées et rénovantes, en effet plusieurs recherches ont montrés que cette intégration dans les actes d’apprentissage ou d’évaluation en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (SVT) restent très faibles voire absente dans l’enseignement secondaire qualifiant et collégial au Maroc. Et pour innover pédagogiquement la pratique enseignante en SVT, notre recherche vient pour apporter de l’aide aux enseignant(e)s et les concepteurs innovateurs à concevoir des ressources numériques pour développer les compétences du 21éme siècle selon un schéma directeur. Pour répondre à l’objectif de notre recherche, un questionnaire a été élaboré et adressé à 200 enseignants(e)s des différents académies régionales de l’éducation et de la formation du royaume au Maroc. L’analyse des résultats obtenus a montré que le degré de conscience des enseignants à propos de ces compétences en général et celles spécifiques des SVT était moyen. Et que la formation continue et initiale des enseignants, la conception des ressources numériques à multi niveau et multi type, la réforme du curriculum sont quelques éléments très importants pour développer ce type de compétences dans l’enseignementapprentissage des SVT en exploitant tout le potentiel des TICE.
Le marketing digital pratiqué par le secteur touristique marocain : actions de communication à l’échelle nationale et management environnemental
Authors: Zarrouk Imane , El Aidouni Abdelwafi
Published: August 2023

Le tourisme joue un rôle crucial dans la croissance économique du Maroc. Pour promouvoir le pays, le secteur touristique a adopté des stratégies de marketing digital innovantes mettant en avant sa diversité culturelle, ses paysages époustouflants et son hospitalité légendaire. Les réseaux sociaux, les blogs de voyage et les plateformes de réservation en ligne ont été utilisés pour atteindre un public plus large et renforcer la visibilité du Maroc en tant que destination touristique attrayante. Cette étude se concentre sur l’impact des actions de communication et les actions de management environnemental sur l’expérience touristique marocaine. Son objectif est d’évaluer l’efficacité des pratiques de marketing digital à l’échelle nationale et d’examiner l’impact environnemental de ces activités sur l’expérience touristique. Un échantillon de 100 participants a été utilisé pour cette étude quantitative. Les résultats de l’analyse statistique ont révélé une corrélation positive entre les actions de communication et la gestion environnementale avec l’expérience touristique au Maroc. Des perspectives de recherche futures incluent l’exploration des opportunités offertes par le Metaverse par secteur touristique marocain. Ces résultats soulignent l’importance de continuer à promouvoir des pratiques durables et à améliorer l’expérience des touristes au Maroc.
Autour des polynômes d’Al-Qatrawānī
Authors: Ahmed Moslih
Published: August 2023

Cet article fait partie d’un travail qui met l’accent sur le problème des polynômes chez les mathématiciens arabes pendant le Moyen Âge. Nous nous y intéressons à un des meilleurs mathématiciens de l’occident musulman pendant le 15e siècle. Il s’agit d’Al-Qatrawani. Nous y parlrons principalement de son livre intitulé Rashfat ar-ruḍāb min thughūr acmāl al-ḥisāb “dans lequel l’auteur présente un chapitre distingué et original traitant le problème des polynômes. Nous y montrons que la manière avec laquelle ce dernier aborde la question évoquée est différente de l’école orientale, représentée par le livre al-Badiⅽ fī l-ḥisāb d’al-Karajī et al-bāhir fī ljabr wa l-muqābala d’as-Samaw’al, essentiellement lorsqu’on utilise son approche et son texte sur l’extraction de la racine cubique d’un polynôme. Dans ce contexte, nous signalons que l’originalité et la richesse du livre d’al- Qatrawānī Rashfat ar-ruāb s’appuie, à notre avis, sur l’absence des idées mathématiques (polynômes) chez les mathématiciens maghrébins. Cette référence paraît également très développée par rapport aux innovations de l’école de l’Orient.
Behandlung eines postspinalen Harnverhalts mit Akupunktur
Authors: Usichenko Taras
Published: August 2023

In diesem Fallbeispiel wird die effektive Anwendung der Akupunktur (Dry Needling) für die Behandlung einer Patientin mit postspinalem Harnverhalt geschildert und diskutiert.
A Proposal for a Robust Validated Weighted General Data Protection Regulation-Based Scale to Assess the Quality of Privacy Policies of Mobile Health Applications: An eDelphi Study
Authors: Benjumea Jaime , Ropero Jorge , Dorronzoro-Zubiete Enrique , Rivera-Romero Octavio , Carrasco Alejandro
Published: August 2023

Background Health care services are undergoing a digital transformation in which the Participatory Health Informatics field has a key role. Within this field, studies aimed to assess the quality of digital tools, including mHealth apps, are conducted. Privacy is one dimension of the quality of an mHealth app. Privacy consists of several components, including organizational, technical, and legal safeguards. Within legal safeguards, giving transparent information to the users on how their data are handled is crucial. This information is usually disclosed to users through the privacy policy document. Assessing the quality of a privacy policy is a complex task and several scales supporting this process have been proposed in the literature. However, these scales are heterogeneous and even not very objective. In our previous study, we proposed a checklist of items guiding the assessment of the quality of an mHealth app privacy policy, based on the General Data Protection Regulation.

Objective To refine the robustness of our General Data Protection Regulation-based privacy scale to assess the quality of an mHealth app privacy policy, to identify new items, and to assign weights for every item in the scale.

Methods A two-round modified eDelphi study was conducted involving a privacy expert panel.

Results After the Delphi process, all the items in the scale were considered “important” or “very important” (4 and 5 in a 5-point Likert scale, respectively) by most of the experts. One of the original items was suggested to be reworded, while eight tentative items were suggested. Only two of them were finally added after Round 2. Eleven of the 16 items in the scale were considered “very important” (weight of 1), while the other 5 were considered “important” (weight of 0.5).

Conclusion The Benjumea privacy scale is a new robust tool to assess the quality of an mHealth app privacy policy, providing a deeper and complementary analysis to other scales. Also, this robust scale provides a guideline for the development of high-quality privacy policies of mHealth apps.
Adolescent Distal Ulna Physeal Fracture with Extensor Retinaculum Interposition
Authors: Krishna Sathya Vamsi , Bain Greg
Published: August 2023

Background Isolated distal ulna fractures are rare injuries and are commonly associated with distal radius fractures. Though most of them can be managed conservatively, few of them require open reduction due to the interposition of various structures.

Case Description In this case report, we report two cases of irreducible isolated distal ulna fractures in adolescents due to the interposition of the extensor retinaculum with its underlying tendons requiring open reduction to achieve bony union and distal radioulnar joint stability. These distal ulna fractures can be best reduced by open reduction with hypersupination and maintaining the distal ulna shaft gothic arch with pins.

Literature Review There are very few case reports reported on isolated distal ulna fractures commonly seen in paediatric and adolescent patients leading to growth arrest. The interposition of various structures is a cause of irreducibility requiring open reduction. These fractures are equivalent to TFCC injuries in adults.

Clinical Relevance  Whenever there is a gross displacement or difficult reduction interposition is to be considered. Open reduction of the fracture and maintenance of DRUJ congruity is sufficient without being critical on articular reduction.
Arrighi’s pendulum: (Re)reading The Evolution of International Society in the twenty-first century
Authors: Lubbock Rowan
Published: August 2023

In re-reading Watson’s The Evolution of International Society through the work of Giovanni Arrighi, this article makes two contributions to the English School (ES). Firstly, I offer a more grounded analysis of Watson’s ‘succession of hegemonies’ from the seventeenth century onwards. Secondly, and relatedly, through closer attention to the dynamics of capitalist international society, we are better able to apprehend the current contradictions and challenges facing contemporary international society. Rather than replace Watson with Arrighi, I argue that Arrighi’s framework of ‘systemic cycles of accumulation’ complements and extends the insights offered in Watson’s magnum opus. It is hoped that this dialogue between the ES and critical political economy may open the way for further ES research on the (dis)orderly dynamics of capitalist international society.
Transonic shocks for 2D steady exothermically reacting Euler flows in a finite nozzle
Authors: Fang Beixiang , Sun Piye , Zhao Qin
Published: August 2023

This paper concerns the existence of transonic shocks for steady exothermically reacting Euler flows in an almost flat nozzle with the small rate of the exothermic reaction. One of the key points is to quantitatively determine the position of the shock front in the nozzle. We focus on contributions of the perturbation of the flat nozzle and the exothermic reaction in determining the position of the shock front by comparing the orders of σ and κ, where σ represents the scale of the perturbation of the flat nozzle and κ represents the rate of the exothermic reaction. To this end, a free boundary problem for the linearized reacting Euler system is proposed to catch an approximating position of the shock front and the associated approximating shock solution, with which the existence of a shock solution close to it can be established via a nonlinear iteration scheme. One of the key steps is to solve the nonlinear equation derived from the solvability condition for the elliptic sub-problem in the domain of the subsonic flow behind the shock front, which determines the free boundary of the proposed problem. Four typical cases are analyzed, which describe possible interactions between the geometry of the nozzle boundary and the exothermic reaction. The results also manifest that the exothermic reaction has a stabilization effect on transonic shocks in the nozzles.
Partially hyperbolic random dynamics on Grassmannians
Authors: De Moor Joris , Dorsch Florian , Schulz-Baldes Hermann
Published: August 2023

A sequence of invertible matrices given by a small random perturbation around a fixed diagonal partially hyperbolic matrix induces a random dynamics on the Grassmann manifolds. Under suitable weak conditions, it is known to have a unique invariant (Furstenberg) measure. The main result gives concentration bounds on this measure, showing that with high probability, the random dynamics stays in the vicinity of stable fixed points of the unperturbed matrix, in a regime where the strength of the random perturbation dominates the local hyperbolicity of the diagonal matrix. As an application, bounds on sums of Lyapunov exponents are obtained.
Flow and mixing dynamics in face-to-face and rear-end collisions of pairs of equal-sized droplets
Authors: Yoshino Masato , Nagase Kotaro , Momose Yuya , Suzuki Kosuke
Published: August 2023

In this work, the behaviors of pairs of equal-sized droplets in rear-end and face-to-face collisions were simulated using the improved lattice Boltzmann method for incompressible two-phase flows. First, the time evolution of the droplet shape was investigated by tracing colored particles, and this was compared between the rear-end and face-to-face collisions. For collinear collisions, the droplet shapes in the rear-end collisions were found to be similar to those in the face-to-face collisions. However, the behaviors of the tracer particles were different: the droplets in the rear-end collisions mixed more easily than those in the face-to-face collisions. For offset collisions, it was found that the rolling motion of the coalesced droplet accelerates the mixing inside it in both face-to-face and rear-end collisions. A new index—the total mixing intensity—was introduced, and the droplet mixing can be quantitatively evaluated by calculating its value. The results indicate that the droplet mixing process of a collinear collision can be characterized by the velocity ratio, which is defined as the ratio of the center-of-mass velocity to the relative impact velocity.
A novel experimental approach to measure nebulized droplet deposition pattern and deposition fraction in an idealized mouth-to-throat model
Authors: Jin Yi , Chen Xiaole , Feng Yu , Jia Zhenning , Zhang Jinan , Xie Xiaojian , Zhang Ya
Published: August 2023

Accurate measurement of droplet/particle deposition fraction and spatial distribution is vital for understanding various inhalation processes, including nebulized therapy, inhalation of atmospheric pollutants, and exposure risk assessment to aerosols such as airborne SARS-COV-2-laden droplets. This paper presents a novel method to measure the deposition fraction and spatial distribution of the deposited particulate phase (i.e., deposition pattern) of droplets through a single experiment. The experiment employs an idealized mouth-to-throat model as a test platform for two vibrating mesh nebulizers to deposit droplets. By utilizing a nebulized solution of normal saline containing the fluorescein, the qualitative observation of droplet deposition pattern on the internal surfaces is achieved under ultraviolet excitation. Furthermore, through rinsing the experimental components and quantitatively determining the deposition fraction based on rinsate absorbance, experimental results indicate that the deposition fraction of nebulized droplets decreases initially and then increases with increasing inspiratory flow rate from 15 to 60 l/min. Additionally, the deposition hotspots gradually shift from the bottom of the oral cavity to the throat as the inhalation flow rate increases. In addition to providing validation data for the transport and deposition of high-concentration droplets, this experimental method has the potential for extension to research on aerosol transmission and exposure risk assessment. It offers valuable insight into the behavior of nebulized droplets, aiding in developing effective strategies for aerosolized therapies and mitigating transmission risks in various applications.
Quantum entropic effects in the liquid viscosities of hydrogen, deuterium, and neon
Authors: Bell Ian H. , Leachman Jacob W. , Rigosi Albert F. , Hill Heather M.
Published: August 2023

Extremely low temperatures have limited the availability and accuracy of experimental thermophysical property measurements for cryogens, particularly transport properties. Traditional scaling techniques, such as the theory of corresponding states, have long been known to be inaccurate for fluids with strong quantum effects. To address this need, this paper investigates how quantum effects impact thermodynamics and momentum transfer (shear viscosity) in the fluid phases of hydrogen, deuterium, and neon. We utilize experimental viscosity measurements and reference empirical equations of state to show that conventional entropy scaling is inadequate for quantum-dominated systems. We then provide a simple empirical correction to entropy scaling based on the ratio of quantum to packing length scale that accounts for the deviations.
Spin transport properties of spinel vanadate-based heterostructures
Authors: Peña Corredor Antonio , Anadón Alberto , Schlur Laurent , Robert Jérôme , Damas Héloïse , Rojas-Sánchez Juan-Carlos , Petit-Watelot Sébastien , Viart Nathalie , Preziosi Daniele , Lefevre Christophe
Published: August 2023

Spin–orbit coupling and breaking of inversion symmetry are necessary ingredients to enable a pure spin current-based manipulation of the magnetization via the spin–orbit torque effect. Currently, magnetic insulator oxides with non-dissipative characteristics are being explored. When combined with non-magnetic heavy metals, known for their large spin–orbit coupling, they offer promising potential for energy-efficient spin-orbitronics applications. The intrinsic electronic correlations characterizing those strongly correlated oxides hold the promises to add extra control-knobs to the desired efficient spin-wave propagation and abrupt magnetization switching phenomena. Spinel vanadate FeV2O4 (FVO) exhibits several structural phase transitions, which are accompanied by an intricate interplay of magnetic, charge, and orbital orderings. When grown as a thin film onto SrTiO3, the compressive strain state induces a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, making FVO-based heterostructures desirable for spin-orbitronics applications. In this study, we have optimized the deposition of stoichiometric and epitaxial Pt/FVO heterostructures by pulsed laser deposition and examined their spin-related phenomena. From angle-dependent magnetotransport measurements, we observed both anisotropic magnetoresistance and spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) effects. Our findings show the SMR component as the primary contributor to the overall magnetoresistance, whose high value of 0.12% is only comparable to properly optimized oxide-based systems.
Salt tolerance in Brassicaceae crops: physiological responses and molecular mechanisms
Authors: Wang Tenghui , Yang Xuyan , Fan Zhenyu , Wang Yushu
Published: August 2023

Soil salinisation is a growing threat to global agriculture, reducing crop yields. Brassicaceae crops are vital vegetables and cash crops. Salt stress significantly affects the growth and development of Brassicaceae crops. A better understanding of the molecular and physiological mechanisms of salt tolerance is of theoretical and practical importance to improve Brassicaceae crop’s salt tolerance and crop quality. Combined with previous research results, we discuss recent advances in research on salt stress response and salt tolerance in Brassicaceae crops. We summarised recent research progress on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of ionic homeostasis, antioxidant regulation, hormonal regulation and accumulation of osmotic-adjustment substances. We also discussed the molecular mechanism of Brassicaceae crop salt tolerant varieties from the perspective of differentially expressed genes, differentially expressed proteins and metabolites through transcriptome, proteome and metabonomic analysis methods. This paper summarises the molecular mechanisms in the perspective of differentially expressed genes, differentially expressed proteins, and metabolites through transcriptomic, proteome and metabolomics analysis. The review provides abundant data for accelerating the breeding of salt-tolerant Brassicaceae and laid a foundation for understanding the mechanism of salt tolerance of Brassicaceae crops and breeding salt-tolerance varieties.
Making sense of spoken plurals
Authors: Shafaei-Bajestan Elnaz , Uhrig Peter , Baayen R. Harald
Published: August 2023

Distributional semantics offers new ways to study the semantics of morphology. This study focuses on the semantics
of noun singulars and their plural inflectional variants in English. Our goal is to compare two models for the conceptualization
of plurality. One model (FRACSS) proposes that all singular-plural pairs should be taken into account when predicting plural
semantics from singular semantics. The other model (CCA) argues that conceptualization for plurality depends primarily on the
semantic class of the base word. We compare the two models on the basis of how well the speech signal of plural tokens in a large
corpus of spoken American English aligns with the semantic vectors predicted by the two models. Two measures are employed: the
performance of a form-to-meaning mapping and the correlations between form distances and meaning distances. Results converge on a
superior alignment for CCA. Our results suggest that usage-based approaches to pluralization in which a given word’s own semantic
neighborhood is given priority outperform theories according to which pluralization is conceptualized as a process building on
high-level abstraction. We see that what has often been conceived of as a highly abstract concept, [+plural], is better
captured via a family of mid-level partial generalizations.
Can larvae of the pod-borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), select between wild and cultivated pigeonpea Cajanus sp. (Fabaceae)?
Authors: Green P.W.C. , Stevenson P.C. , Simmonds M.S.J. , Sharma H.C.
Published: August 2023

Experiments were conducted to observe the feeding and food selection-behaviour of different instars of the pod-borer Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in response to choices between the cultivated and a wild species of Cajanus. First and second instars fed upon a cultivated variety of Cajanus cajan in preference to a wild species, C. scarabaeoides and on flowers of C. cajan, rather than pods or leaves of C. cajan. First and second instars preferred pods of C. scarabaeoides with trichomes removed to pods with trichomes present. All instars fed upon pods of C. cajan rather than those of C. scarabaeoides. Solvent extraction of the pod surfaces affected the feeding of larvae, in some instances. They preferred the unextracted pods of C. cajan; the extracted pod of C. scarabaeoides (first and second instars) or the unextracted pod of C. scarabaeoides (fourth and fifth instars). Glass-fibre disc bioassays showed that the methanol, hexane and water extracts from the pod-surface of C. cajan stimulated the feeding of fifth instars. The experiments have shown that characteristics of C. cajan, such as either the compounds present or the type and distribution of trichomes on the plant surfaces, can determine the susceptibility of C. cajan to pod-borer larvae.
Effect of altitude on seasonal flight activity of Rhagoletis cerasi flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Kovanci O.B. , Kovanci B.
Published: August 2023

The effect of altitudinal variation on the seasonal flight activity of Rhagoletis cerasi (Linnaeus) flies was evaluated along an altitudinal gradient from 150 to 1170 m in Mount Uludag, northwestern Turkey. The predicted dates of fly emergence, flight duration and dates of 5%, 50% and 95% cumulative fly catches at various altitudes were estimated from a degree-day model. Degree-day predictions were compared with those obtained from observations made with yellow sticky traps. The observed and predicted dates of appearance of adults were delayed by 1.4 and 2.0 days for every 100 m increase in altitude, respectively. The delay in phenology events was less at high altitudes than postulated by Hopkins’ bioclimatic law, whether observed or predicted. The average absolute difference in predicted and observed dates of cumulative percentage catch of adults was 4.9 and 3.0 days in 1997 and 1998, respectively, but these differences were not significant. Prolonged flight activity was predicted and observed at higher altitudes, but the flight period lasted significantly longer than predicted. The observed flight period varied from 29 to 43 days in 1997 and from 36 to 52 days in 1998 between the lowest and highest altitude on the transect. Altitudinal variation between geographically close locations should be taken into account to properly time monitoring activities and hence to manage R. cerasi populations more effectively.
From stoichiometric to non-stoichiometric high-entropy carbide: A case study of hafnium addition
Authors: Qin Yuan , Wei Xiao-Feng , Liu Ji-Xuan , Liang Yongcheng , Zhang Guo-Jun
Published: August 2023

High-entropy carbide (Ti0.2 xZr0.2 xHf0.2 x  + (1 -x)Nb0.2 xTa0.2 x)C x (HEC- (1-x)Hf, x = 0.6-1) ceramics with 0-40 at.% nominal carbon vacancy were prepared by adding metal Hf into (Ti0.2Zr0.2Hf0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2)C (HEC) as a case study. The samples prepared by spark plasma sintering at 2000oC exhibit relative densities higher than 99%, single-phase rock salt structure, and homogeneous metal elements distribution. Their lattice parameters increase gradually with the added Hf content. The lattice parameter of HEC-0.4Hf is 0.86% higher than HEC's. The average grain size of the samples decreased initially, followed by an increase as Hf content increased, which is controlled by the comprehensive effect of Hf addition and carbon vacancy. The thermal conductivities of the samples decrease with the increase of Hf addition. HEC-0.4Hf has a very low thermal conductivity of 5.6 W/m·K at room temperature, which decreases 67.8% compared to HEC. The increased phonon scattering by the carbon vacancies can be the main reason for the reduced thermal conductivity.
Splashing of droplet under the vibration effect of flexible membrane
Authors: Lee Sanghyun , Lee Sangmin
Published: August 2023

The impact dynamics of a droplet falling onto a substrate is significant in various applications such as inkjet printing, spray coating, and bioprinting. Generally, several factors, such as the fluid properties (e.g. viscosity or surface tension) and substrate characteristics (e.g. surface roughness or flexibility) govern whether falling droplets spread or splash. In this study, we experimentally investigate droplet impact dynamics on a thin, flexible membrane for various Weber numbers (230 < We < 600) and membrane stiffnesses, which can be controlled by the applied tensile force. In addition, the effect of membrane vibration on impact behavior is considered. In the high Weber number regime, splashing is dominant, regardless of the membrane stiffness. In contrast, in the low Weber number regime, a transition between splashing and deposition is observed, depending on the membrane stiffness. In short, flexible membrane vibration induces droplet splashing despite the insufficient kinetic energy of the droplet. Increasing the stiffness of the membrane contributes to the suppression of droplet splashing by minimizing membrane vibration.
Low-density HiPIMS favored ultrathick and compact chromium coatings on Zircaloy-4 alloys
Authors: Zhou Guangxue , Zuo Xiao , Chen Rende , Wang Zhenyu , Ke Peiling , Wang Aiying
Published: August 2023

Protective metallic coatings are receiving increasing attention to modify the anti-corrosion and oxidation resistance of zirconium-based fuel cladding tubes under harsh high-temperature steam/air oxidation conditions. In this work, ultrathick (∼20 μm) and compact Cr coatings with (001) preferential orientation were deposited on Zircaloy-4 (Zry-4) alloy by high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) technique. The growth characteristics of the Cr coatings were investigated as a function of the discharge plasma species, including Cr+, Cr*, Ar+, and Ar*, which were controlled by the different discharge modes during HiPIMS process. The results showed that, when the discharge feature was changed from the ‘low voltage direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS)-like’ mode into a ‘low density HiPIMS’ mode, a rapid increase of Cr+ content in the substrate vicinity was obtained by time-integral optical emission spectra (OES), indicating a remarkably enhanced incident energy flux to the deposited Cr coating. The generalized temperature increment of the Cr coating growing surface calculated from the OES, was ∼100 K and was mainly affected by the incidence of Cr* atoms. A simplified collision model based on the non-penetrating ions/atoms assumption was also proposed to calculate the transferred energy from the incident energetic species and thus understand the predominant effect of HiPIMS Cr plasma on the achieved nanocrystalline Cr coating with ultra-thick and dense structure, which is still quite challenging for the DCMS deposition process.
Multichannel filtering properties of one-dimensional graphene photonic crystals with high refractive index media layer
Authors: Wu Jijiang
Published: August 2023

Graphene photonic crystals have been attracting increasing attention due to their distinctive properties. In this work, the multichannel filtering performance of a one-dimensional graphene photonic crystal structure is theoretically investigated in the optical communication band. The graphene photonic crystal composed of a stack of alternating layers of dielectric material with high refractive index and graphene sheet. The influence of several structural parameters on the filtering performance of this structure was analyzed using the transfer matrix method. It is shown that the channel number and channel spacing of the multichannel filter can be adjusted by changing the period number and the dielectric constant and thickness of the high refractive index material. The multichannel filtering properties of this graphene structure have potential applications in wavelength division multiplexing systems.
Stability analysis and optimal control strategies of a fractional-order monkeypox virus infection model
Authors: El-Mesady A , Adel Waleed , Elsadany A A , Elsonbaty Amr
Published: August 2023

In this study, the spread of the monkeypox virus is investigated through the dynamical study of a novel Caputo fractional order monkeypox epidemic model. The interaction between human and rodent populations along with the effects of control signals are considered in the model. These control signals are established through the optimal control strategy. Furthermore, the effect of memory is examined via varying fractional order parameters in the model. The influences of other parameters are also examined. The positivity and boundness of the solution are verified through theoretical analysis. In addition, the equilibrium points for the system are obtained for both the free and endemic cases, and the local stability has been studied. To verify the theoretical findings, numerical experiments are conducted. The optimal control signals are obtained and verified through numerical simulations of different configurations of control parameters. From these simulations, it is found that the optimal control scheme can help in reducing the size of the infected, quarantined, and exposed categories while increasing the susceptible and recovered categories. These acquired results can provide some assistance to governments in providing some preventive control to suppress the spread of the virus.
Diverse soliton solutions and dynamical analysis of the discrete coupled mKdV equation with 4×4 Lax pair
Authors: Liu 刘 Xue-Ke 雪珂 , Wen 闻 Xiao-Yong 小永
Published: August 2023

Under consideration in this study is the discrete coupled modified Korteweg–de Vries (mKdV) equation with 4 × 4 Lax pair. Firstly, through using continuous limit technique, this discrete equation can be mapped to the coupled KdV and mKdV equations, which may depict the development of shallow water waves, the optical soliton propagation in cubic nonlinear media and the Alfven wave in a cold collision-free plasma. Secondly, the discrete generalized (r, N–r)-fold Darboux transformation is constructed and extended to solve this discrete coupled equation with the fourth-order linear spectral problem, from which diverse exact solutions including usual multi-soliton and semi-rational soliton solutions on the vanishing background, higher-order rational soliton and mixed hyperbolic-rational soliton solutions on the non-vanishing background are derived, and the limit states of some soliton and rational soliton solutions are analyzed by the asymptotic analysis technique. Finally, the numerical simulations are used to explore the dynamical behaviors of some exact soliton solutions. These results may be helpful for understanding some physical phenomena in fields of shallow water wave, optics, and plasma physics.
Evaluation of Fastener Flexibility in Hybrid CFRP and Metal Joints Using the Finite Element Method
Authors: Huang Fu , Wang Tong , Lin Yuxiang
Published: August 2023

The fastener flexibility is one of the most important factors affecting the fatigue life of the joints. A three-dimensional model was established by ABAQUS software to simulate the load-displacement curve of a single shear fastener under tensile load. The fastener flexibility was calculated from the simulated curve and compared with the experimental results. The effects of the element type, hole gap, clamping clearance and clamping length on the prediction accuracy and fidelity of the finite element method (FEM) model were also investigated. It was shown that the simulation results agreed well with the experimental results. The modelling method was demonstrated to be usable for subsequent structural analysis and design.
Experimental study on the pull-off load-bearing capacity of composite sandwich T-joints by tenon-and-mortise
Authors: Guo Xiaoning , Zhang Kuan , Zhang Xiaojing
Published: August 2023

In this paper, an experimental study of pull-off load-bearing capacity and damage mode was conducted for tenon-and-mortise glued T-joints of composite honeycomb sandwich structures. Five test pieces of T-joints with different tenon widths and different numbers of tenons with the same total tenon width were investigated. The results of the pull-off tests showed that the tensile failure of the gluing surface occurs first in the tenon shoulder region during loading of the T-joint, after which the tenon region takes most of the load until the shear failure of the gluing surface of the bottom plate and the web in the tenon region or the panel pulls off. For the composite honeycomb sandwich structure tenon-and-mortise glued T-joints, increasing the width of the tenon makes an important contribution to improving the pull-off load capacity of the T-joints; when the total width of the tenon is the same, the pull-off load capacity of the T-joints decreases when the number of tenons increases.
Analysis of the Boronizing Process of High-vanadium Alloy Steel
Authors: Fu Yuzhu , Tong Weiping
Published: August 2023

The high-vanadium alloy steel substrate surface was carried out by solid powder boronizing. The results showed that a certain thickness and compact structure of the boronizing layers could be obtained after boronizing. The thickness of the boronizing layer was about –53 μm; the thickness of the transition zone was about –36 μm, and the boronizing layer was combined with the substrate firmly. The boronizing layers consist of FeB and embed into the substrate like a spider. The alloying elements have little effect on the formation of sawtooth morphology in the boride layers. The thickness of the boronizing layers increased with the boronizing time and temperature increase, and the thickness of the boronizing layer has a parabola relationship with the processing time.
Load transfer analysis of aircraft composite-metal hybrid joint fasteners under combined external loads and temperature
Authors: Huang Fu , Gu Liangfan , Wang Tong , Zhang Xiaojing
Published: August 2023

Due to the different thermal expansion coefficients of composite materials and metal materials, the variation of ambient temperature changes the load transfer ratio of composite-metal hybrid joint structures. In this paper, the Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to study the combined effects of external load and temperature field on the load distribution of CFRP-aluminium alloy single-lap hybrid joints. The effects of the temperature rise and fall on load transfer are considered. The simulation results show that the most dangerous position and the load transfer ratio of the hybrid show significant joint changes after the combination of the temperature effect under the external load.
Experimental Study on Dynamic and Static Tensile Properties of a New Environmental Protection Material
Authors: Wang Feng , Ma Yurong , Li Haixia , Shen Man , Jiang Yaqiong , Han Qianwen
Published: August 2023

Carbon fiber concrete (CFRC), a late-model environmentally protection material, is formed by mixing chopped carbon fibers into concrete. It can raise static tensile strength and deformation resistance with effect. To further explore the safety of CFRC under dynamic load, this paper studies the factors affecting dynamic and static tensile properties of CFRC by using the SHPB device as an experimental means. The stress rate and chopped carbon fiber content are taken as variables to discuss the difference in tensile strength in the two types of load states. Experiment results show more fiber content in the initial stage can raise the static tensile strength of concrete significantly. However, its increase range has a decreasing trend, while the mixing of excessive carbon fiber reduces its dynamic tensile strength. The dynamic mechanical properties rise by adding stress rate, showing an obvious rate effect. There are significant differences in the influence of carbon fiber on the strength of concrete under two load states. Therefore, the carbon fiber content should be properly selected when designing the concrete mix proportion to satisfy different load states under specific working conditions. This paper provides a reference for the design of new environmental protection materials.
Analysis of interfacial de-bonding failure on stiffened composite panel
Authors: Cheng Linan , Chen Xiangming
Published: August 2023

Abstractor

This article aimed at the interfacial de-bonding between the stringer and skin when the structure is under post-buckling loads. A four-point bending test was set up, and the cohesive zone model (CZM) was employed considering the effects of through-thickness compression on the inter-laminar shear failure of composite laminates. The numerical result is in good agreement with the experimental one. The results indicate that: embedded defect at the flange/skin interface has a slight influence on the load capacity of the structure, but embedded defect at the flange/radius-filler interface has a significant influence on the load capacity of the structure, and delamination always initiated at the flange/radius-filler interface. The presence of inner corner defects in the filled area has a greater impact on the load capacity of the structure, the load capacity is in direct proportion to the width of corner defects.
The Effect of Prefabricated Damage on Compression Behaviour of Stiffened Composite Panels
Authors: Cao Su , Chen Xiang Ming , Peng Lei , Wei Jing Chao , Cheng Li Nan , Jiao Qu Tian
Published: August 2023

Experimental investigations were conducted on the post-buckling behaviour and the failure behaviour of hat-stiffened composite panels. Two types of panels were tested, including undamaged and pre-damaged configurations. All panels were loaded under unidirectional compressive loading until collapse. The presence of a disbond between skin and stringer weakened the ultimate failure strength evidently but did not affect the overall structural stiffness significantly. The debonding defect affected the buckling response and changed the post-buckling deformation and failure behaviour of stiffened panels. For the pre-damaged type, massive debonding in the interface between skin and stiffener was detected, which led to the reduction of the load capacity of the structure, and a small margin between buckling load and failure load was observed.
Design of a Highly Sensitive Ionic Conductive Hydrogel Sensor based on the Kirigami Structure
Authors: Guo Yuhan , Yang Qingsheng
Published: August 2023

Conductive hydrogels are polymers that respond to mechanical stimuli and have been widely used in wearable sensors and soft machines. Myriads applications posed high-performance requirements for hydrogels: compliance, stretchability, and high sensitivity. However, sensors based on flexible polymers often struggle to achieve a highly sensitive response. We propose a highly sensitive hydrogel strain sensor based on the Kirigami structure. The structure solves the problem of low stretchability caused by the high stiffness of double-network hydrogel. It greatly improves the stretchability of the strain sensor by customizing the cutting of a high-toughness PAAM-PAA double-network hydrogel. We further analyze the deformation and sensing characteristics through simulation and experiments and successfully apply them to monitor human motion.
Pavement performance of previous pavement materials based on CAVF design
Authors: Wang Weiming , Yu Shuhui
Published: August 2023

Based on the coarse aggregate void filling method (CAVF), four kinds of permeable asphalt mixtures (PAC) with target voids of 18%, 20%, 22%, and 25% respectively were designed, and their road performance was comprehensively evaluated by a series of laboratory tests, such as permeability tests, immersion Marshalls, freeze-thaw splitting, rutting, low-temperature bending, four-point fatigue bending, and so on. The experimental results show that the CAVF method is more accurate and PAC designed by the CAVF method has more connected voids and better pavement performance. The optimal design void ratio of the PAC is 22%.