bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Research of Cystoprostatectomy on Patients with Prostate Cancer Extending to Bladder
Authors: Sun Xiaoliang , Liu Min , Zhao Yong , Leng Kang , Zhang Haiyang
Published: April 2022

Background
This is an exploratory research of cystoprostatectomy (CP) in treating prostate cancer (PCa) extending to bladder, which aimed to evaluate the effects of CP on long-term survival outcomes and improving quality of life (QoL) on these patients.
Methods
A total of 27 PCa patients extending to bladder were subjected to CP and followed-up at regular intervals in our center. Prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) recurrence-free survival (PFS) were assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Multivariate Cox regression was performed to evaluate clinical characteristics predicting survivals. QoL and pelvic symptoms were also evaluated.
Results
Median follow-up was 42.0 months. Five patients (18.5%) died as a direct result of tumor progression. Median PCSS was not reached over the period of follow-up. 5-year PCSS rate was 82.1%. PSA recurrence after surgery was observed in 11 patients (40.7%). Median PFS was 66.0 months. 5-year PFS rate was 58.5%. Multivariate analysis showed Gleason score (≥ 8) (hazard ratio (HR) 2.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–4.04, p = 0.033), positive local lymph node status (HR 3.52, 95% CI 1.57–7.38, p = 0.006) and bladder muscle-invasion (HR 4.75, 95% CI 1.37–7.53, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of worse PCSS. The number of patients suffering pelvic symptoms was significantly decreased, and QoL scores were significantly down-regulated after surgeries.
Conclusion
CP offered effective and durable palliation in patients of locally advanced prostate cancer with invasion of bladder, providing better QoL and relieving local symptoms.
Role discovery in node-attributed public transportation networks: The study of St Petersburg city open data
Authors: Lytkin Yuri , Chunaev Petr , Gradov Timofey , Boytsov Anton , Saitov Irek
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we propose a framework for solving the novel problem of role discovery in a public transportation network (PTN). We model a PTN as a weighted node-attributed network whose nodes are public transport stations (stops) grouped with respect to their geospatial position, node attributes store information about social infrastructure around the stations (stops), and weighted links integrate information about the travelling distance and the number of hops in the transportation routs between the stations (stops). Our framework discovers meaningful node roles in terms of both topological and infrastructural features of a PTN and is capable of extracting useful insights about the overall PTN’s efficiency. We apply the framework to the newly collected open data of St Petersburg, Russia, and point out some transportation and infrastructural weaknesses that should be taken into consideration by the city administration to improve the PTN in the future.
Co-existence of astrocytoma and hurtle cell carcinoma with rare metastasis pattern
Authors: Baratpour Iraj , Fakhrolmobasheri Mohammad , Boroujeni Golshan Golshan Taghipour , Vanani Vahid Reisi , Ghahfarrokhi Azar Baradaran
Published: April 2022

Hurtle cell thyroid carcinoma is a rare types of thyroid cancer that include 3% of all thyroid malignancies. It is generally more aggressive than other thyroid cancers and can metastasis to various body organs. Metastasis of thyroid cancers to the paranasal sinuses is very rare. Thyroid cancer metastasis to the brain is also very rare. In this report, we described the rare case of hurtle cell thyroid carcinoma metastasized to the frontal sinus with coexistence of fibrillary astrocytoma in the adjacent frontal lobe of brain.
Foreign Aids and Economic Growth in Africa: Does Third-Country Effect Matter?
Authors: Bila Santos Necas , Khumalo Zitsile , Arogundade Sodiq
Published: April 2022

Different regions are linked through different factors such as climate, and border sharing. Apart from this, African countries have developed significant links as a result of globalization, economic integration, and trade liberalization. Since any country's economic growth is influenced by the performance of its neighbours, these ties have resulted in spatial dependence among these countries. On this basis, the significance of spatial interactions between countries cannot be overemphasised. It is for this reason that the study investigated spatial dependence between African countries. The study employed non-spatial (FE, GMM) and spatial (SDM, SAM, and SEM) econometrics techniques and data ranging from 1996 to 2019 to examine the impact of ODA on Economic growth in Africa and its spillover effects. Based on the graphs and the Moran I test, the findings reveal that i) there is spatial dependence among African countries ii) The GMM results indicate that the ODA impact was positive and statistically significant but smaller in magnitude compared to the magnitude of the spatial models’ coefficients. This suggests that not controlling for space heterogeneity will possibly underestimate the real impact of ODA on GDP. Secondly, the study found that the weighted GDP was positive and statistically significant, which indicates that an increase in the GDP of a certain country has a positive and statistically significant impact on their neighbour’s economic growth. Based on the findings of the study, it is suggested that countries should improve their relationships and partnerships if they want ODA to provide the desired benefits across Africa.
Design review of a Locally Innovated Single Piston Diesel engine in Uganda
Authors: Wafula Simon Peter , Kirabira John Baptist , Norbert Mukasa
Published: April 2022

Engineering designs are important in engine production. This research aimed at incorporating engineering principles and practices into the developed single piston diesel engine at Kevoton. Tests on the already innovated engine were carried out to evaluate the performance of the existing engines in terms of power, torque, rpm and exhaust temperature. Designs of the major components were generated together with material selection, which helped in determining whether the used material was appropriate for engine production. Results showed that the engine runs at a speed of 1800 rpm, a torque of 5 Nm, and a power of 10 HP with 2.4 liters per hour of fuel. The major components of the engine include the engine piston, the crankshaft, connecting rod, cylinder head and the camshaft. The power obtained after carrying out the new design was 13 HP, with a 5 Nm torque as well as 1 liter of fuel consumed per hour. It was realized that some components were not meeting the design specifications and the design was below the minimum required power of 13 HP. Power produced was less than 13 HP that was required to handle the purpose of engine manufacture, the engine was designed to be a prime mover to do most of the local. It was identified that the need of the engine should be considered as a primary requirement when coming up with the designs, the choice of injectors affect the amount of exhaust and engine testing requires consideration while designing an engine.
Triglyceride glucose index for the detection of the severity of coronary artery disease in different glucose metabolic states in patients with coronary heart disease: a RCSCD-TCM study in China
Authors: Su Jinyu , Li Zhu , Huang Mengnan , Wang Yang , Yang Tong , Ma Mei , Ni Tongyao , Pan Guangwei , Lai Ziqin , Li Chunjie , Li Lin , Yu Chunquan
Published: April 2022

Background: The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a new marker associated with atherosclerosis. This study aimed to assess the association between the TyG index and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and further explore the association between the TyG index and CAD severity in different glucose metabolic states.Methods: This multi-centre retrospective study included 731 CHD patients between September 1, 2014 to September 30, 2020 in China. All patients were stratified into groups based on the tertiles of the TyG index (T1:5.48 ≤ TyG index ≤ 7.17; T2: 7.18 ≤ TyG ≤ 7.76; T3: 7.77 ≤ TyG ≤ 10.82) and the number of diseased vessels [1-vessel disease (VD), 2-VD and 3-VD] represented the severity of CAD. The relationship between the TyG index and CAD severity was analysed using logistic regression. The associations between the TyG index and CAD severity based on different glucose metabolic status were also assessed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to evaluate the accuracy of the TyG index for detecting the CAD severity.Results: The baseline analysis results showed significant differences in clinical and biological characteristics of CHD patients according to the TyG index tertiles (P < 0.05 to < 0.001). The TyG index was significantly related to the risk of multiple diseased coronary arteries and more severe coronary stenoses (CS) (P < 0.001). The TyG index was significantly associated with the risk of 3-VD in patients with CHD. The odds ratio (OR) of 3-VD for the TyG index T3 compared to T1 was 2.27 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.497-3.452; P for trend <0.001). Among different states of glucose metabolism, the association between the TyG index and 3-VD observed was significant in diabetes (OR: 1.662; 95% CI 1.166–2.369). A TyG index threshold for predicting 3-VD (95% [CI] 0.554-0.664; P < 0.001 ) was 7.0 and was 8.1 in diabetes state (95% [CI] 0.523-0.646; P < 0.001 ).Conclusion: The TyG index is associated with CAD severity in CHD patients and an increased TyG index could identify CHD patients with a high risk of 3-VD. The association between the TyG index and CAD severity in the condition of diabetes is higher than in non-diabetes.
Detection Of Areas in Satellite Imagery Using Point Feature Matching
Authors: Radak Mahyar
Published: April 2022

Recognizing items in cluttered scenes is a fundamental test that has recently been generally accepted by computer vision frameworks. In this paper, we use the intelligent pattern recognition algorithm in a jumbled image in MATLAB for computer vision of area detection in satellite imagery. In the examples used, we used two completely different regional images, both in terms of resolution and pixels, with two different climates with a larger overall image, to show the detection power of this algorithm, which in this case can also view the region in the picture. Distinguish well from a larger satellite image that shows more areas and recognizes us. The algorithm is also able to detect the regional image with high accuracy if the angle of the satellite image changes. This algorithm for detecting a specific object is based on finding point correspondences between the reference and the target image. It can detect objects despite a scale change or in-plane rotation. It is also robust to a small amount of out-of-plane rotation and occlusion.
Robust multi-label feature selection with shared label enhancement
Authors: Hu Juncheng , Li Yonghao , Gao Wanfu
Published: April 2022

In real-world applications, multi-label feature selection has been widely attract considerable attention due to the importance of multi-label data. However, previous methods do not fully consider the relationship between the feature set and the multi-label set but devote attention to either of them. In addition, the existence of irrelevant and redundant information in the feature set and the multi-label set makes previous methods obtain inaccurate results. Moreover, traditional multi-label learning utilizes logical labels to estimate the relevance between the feature set and the label set so that the importance of labels can not be well-reflected. To deal with these issues, we propose a novel robust multi-label feature selection method named RLEFS in this paper. RLEFS utilizes a shared space by mapping patterns to excavate semantic similarity structure in features and labels. Besides, we reconstruct the label space to obtain numerical labels by a label enhancement regularization term during mining semantic similarity structure process. Furthermore, the local and global structures are considered to ensure effective information can be captured as fully as possible during feature selection process. Finally, we integrate the above terms into one joint learning framework, and then a simple yet effective optimization method with provable convergence is proposed to solve the above problems. Experimental results on multiple data sets show that the superiority of the proposed method.
Morphology for Hexagonal Image Processing
Authors: CEVIK Taner , NEMATZADEH Sajjad , CEVIK Nazife , AFSHAR Mahsa Torkamanian
Published: April 2022

Morphological operators for binary and grayscale images are commonly used to eliminate noise, recognize contours or specific structures, and arrange shapes in image processing. Even though morphology has been substantially developed in square-pixel-based-image-processing (SIP), no effort has been made to construct morphological operators in hexagonal-pixel-based-image-processing (HIP) yet. In this paper, we transform basic SIP-domain-morphological operators such as dilation, erosion, closing, and opening into HIP-domain and compare their performance with their SIP counterparts, taking into account 65 similarity- dissimilarity metrics for binary and four metrics for grey-scale proposed so far in the literature. It is the first time to give the fundamental morphological operators in the HIP domain. The operators developed in this paper initiate the research about morphology in the HIP domain by successfully filling a significant gap by eliminating HIP's lack of basic operators.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AFFECTING STRATEGIC STABILITY
Authors: Prasad Singh Hanuman
Published: April 2022

Introduction of artificial intelligence(AI) in the nuclear weapons system exerts the stabilizing as well as destabilizing effect on strategic stability. AI enables informed decision making, development of more survivable delivery vehicle, physical and cyber security of nuclear assets, reduction in possibility of human error, surveillance of compliance of non-proliferation and disarmament treaties, integration of heterogeneous weapons for better performance, and underwater de-mining, etc. Simultaneously, by contrast, the threat to nuclear deterrence and nuclear assets from hypersonic glide vehicle leading to capability race, remote sensing over autonomous surface and underwater vehicles threatening invulnerable second strike capability, Patrov incident like situations possibility and requirement of human interference, instability inherent in threat detection with the deployment of AI driven more survivable and less controllable platforms including UCAVs, UAVs, UUVs, SLBMs, etc. are threatening the strategic stability. Which must be mitigated for long-lasting global peace through the development of universally accepted code of conduct in line with 1949 Geneva convention and Universal declaration of human rights 1948, etc, deliberation for risk reduction in regional as well as global stages, track two and 1.5 diplomacy, enabling human intervention in nuclear weapon launch system, commitment for No first use policy, complex interdependence etc.
CORRELATION BETWEEN MAXILLARY SINUS VOLUME ANDFACIAL PATTERN OF ADULTS USING CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY VIA PLANMECCAROMAXIS SOFTWARE PROGRAM
Authors:   Demonstrator of Orthodontics, Orthodontics Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Health, Misr International University., Ahmed Hussein Abdelhamid Nada , Adel Nadim Mohamed ,   Professor of Orthodontics, Orthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University., Adel Elkadi Abbadi ,   Professor of Orthodontics, Orthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University.,   Professor of Orthodontics, Orthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International University.
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Knowledge about the maxillary sinus is of great importance for orthodontists as it both affects and is affected by orthodontic treatment. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) madeevaluating the maxillary sinus become more accurate. Aim: to investigate if there is a relation between the maxillary sinus volume and facial pattern in adults using cone beam computed tomography. Methods: CBCT scans of 36 adults were obtained. They were divided equally into three groups: Normal facialpattern, Long face and Short face. The volume of the maxillary sinus on both the right and left sides were measured in each group using PlanmeccaRomaxis software program. Results: The results of this study were that there is no significance difference between the maxillary sinus volume in the different groups of facial pattern. There is no significance between the volume of the maxillary sinus on the right and left side. Conclusions: There is no correlation between the maxillary sinus volume and the vertical growth pattern. The right and left maxillary sinus are corresponding to each other in volume.
Do microfinance banks’ activities affect Nigeria’s economic development?
Authors: Olubukola Otekunrin Adegbola , Paul Kenechukwu Onyegiri , Felix Eluyela Damilola , Nonso John Okoye , Ibrahim Ayomide
Published: April 2022

Microfinance banks were set up to provide financial services to poor people to reduce the rate of poverty and improve the quality of living in the country. As such, this study ascertained the effect of microfinance banks on the economic development of Nigeria. Secondary data were obtained from the CBN Bulletin and records of the National Population Commission from 1996 to 2019. The study used Vector Autoregressive (VAR) estimates to test the effect of the independent variables (microfinance banks’ total loans and advances, total investments, and total deposits) on the dependent variable (per capita income). Johansen Co-integration results showed a relationship between microfinance banks and Nigeria’s economic development in the long run. The VAR results show that the activities of microfinance banks have a positive but insignificant effect on Nigeria’s economic development in the short term. Microfinance banks have not done well in their intermediation function to positively and significantly affect economic development, especially reducing the poverty rate, unemployment rate, and improving living standards, among other macroeconomic development indices in the short run. The study recommends that microfinance banks will help to improve the standard of living in the country by granting more credits to rural dwellers through the creation of corporative societies, age grades, and unions that are predominant in rural areas.
AcknowledgmentWe are grateful to all researchers who contributed to this paper.
Strategic Opportunities of the Russian Far East Gas Industry Development: Gasification, Gas Processing and Gas-Chemistry
Authors: Sasaev Nikita
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The socio-economic development of the Far East is a complex and long-term issue. It requires new priorities and prospective areas. The local gas industry can become such a development driver. It can trigger a breakthrough in the socio-economic development of the macroregion, but it needs large-scale strategic priorities and projects. The export of pipeline and compressed natural gas is one of such strategic directions. However, the region has to look for other prospective directions. The research objective was to define and substantiate such strategic opportunities for the development of the Far Eastern gas industry. Study objects and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study relied on certain methodological provisions of industrial strategizing, e.g. OTSW analysis, which proved to be an effective tool for monitoring and justifying strategic opportunities. Results and discussion. The author identified strategic opportunities for the development of the Far East gas industry and came up with two strategic directions: 1) gasification of the Far East regions and 2) development of gas processing and gas chemistry production in the Far East. Conclusion. Further formation and implementation of strategic priorities in these areas will improve the gas industry in the Far East in the long run, while providing a multiplicative impulse of socio-economic development of the entire macroregion.
Mezhdurechensk as a Tourism and Recreation Cluster of Prospective Development
Authors: Yumatov Konstantin , Momot Vyacheslav , Dorovskih Inga , Gacuk Natal'ya
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The Tourism and Recreation Cluster of Promising Development – Mezhdurechensk is a relevant project for the Mezhdurechensk urban district. The Cluster needs a good organizational and functional structure, as well as a clear division of operational functions and management tasks. The project aims at diversifying the economy of Kuzbass and overcoming the region’s dependence on the industrial sector, as well as the problem of single-industry towns. Study objects and methods. The article focuses on the following local points of attraction: the city of Mezhdurechensk, the Yugus and Syrkashi mountain complex, Podnebesnye Zubya mountain range, the Black Salan mountains, the Megaliths of Izygash and Kuylyum near Orton village, and the ethnovillage of Studeniy Plyos. The research involved the complex, system, comparative, cartographic, and ecological analyses, as well as the method of OTSW analysis. The latter revealed the opportunities, threats, strengths, and weaknesses of the project. Results and discussion. The authors followed the strategizing methodology of the scientific school developed by V.L. Kvint, Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. They proposed strategizing measures for the Mezhdurechensk Cluster based on a detailed analysis of municipal, regional, and federal programs and strategies of tourism development. If managed properly, the Cluster will bring in various economic benefits, thus increasing the competitive advantage of the area and improving the positive image of the Mezhdurechensk urban district. Conclusion. The new strategy will improve the local supporting and servicing infrastructure, as well as diversify the local mining-based economy and human capital, which are important for the strategic development of tourism and recreation. The article is addressed to experts in the fields of tourism, hospitality, branding, and territorial marketing.
Energy Projects in the Arctic: Strategic Priorities of Technological Independence
Authors: Fadeev Aleksey
Published: April 2022

In the recent past, the open market policy of Russian economy encouraged a close cooperation between domestic and foreign companies. As a result, some Russian companies became technologically dependant on foreign technologies. As the foreign policy situation grew more and more complicated, the Russian oil and gas complex had to face the problem of import substitution. The technological support of the Russian Arctic energy complex has become one of the most relevant state issues as Russia strives to overcome the economic and technological sanctions imposed by the US and the European Union.
Performance evaluations of CMIP6 and CMIP5 models for precipitation simulation over the Hanjiang River Basin, China
Authors: Wang Dong , Liu Jiahong , Wang Hao , Shao Weiwei , Mei Chao , Ding Xiangyi
Published: April 2022

Projecting the climate change impacts on hydrology and water resources relies on the climate scenarios simulated by general circulation models (GCMs), which requires a systematic and comprehensive assessment of the GCMs’ simulation performances at a regional scale. This study evaluates the performances of precipitation simulation over the Hanjiang River Basin (HRB) by six climate models from Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), the corresponding six previous models from the CMIP5, and their multi-model ensemble (MME) based on the observational data in the CN05.1. To our knowledge, this is the first preliminary study in the HRB. The Taylor diagram (including standard deviation, root-mean-square difference, and correlation coefficient) and Taylor skill score are used for the evaluation of GCMs’ precipitation simulation performances. The spatial pattern and temporal pattern over the HRB simulated by CMIP6 and CMIP5 models are compared by relative biases. The results of the Taylor diagram and skill score show that CMIP6 models don't necessarily perform better than the corresponding previous CMIP5 models in simulating precipitation over the HRB. The MME exhibits superior performance compared to that of any individual model, and the CMIP6-MME is more skillful than the CMIP5-MME. As to the spatial and temporal variation characteristics, the precipitation biases are both present in CMIP6 and CMIP5 models, and the bias of the CMIP6-MME is lower than that of the CMIP5-MME. The CMIP6 and CMIP5 models overestimate the precipitation from January to June, and simulate larger precipitation biases in the areas and seasons with less precipitation, while they are lower with more precipitation over the HRB. The findings obtained in this study could provide a scientific reference for the research of future hydrological cycle predictions over the HRB.
Preparation of a novel composite geopolymer based on calcium carbide slag-fly ash and its characterization, mechanism and adsorption properties
Authors: Ma Xiaoqing , Zhao Mengqi , Chen Dejun , Liao Yinnian , Chao Yuxi
Published: April 2022

In this study, a mixed precursor system of fly ash (50 wt%) and calcium carbide slag (50 wt%) was used to prepare a geopolymer, and the hydration and hardening mechanism of the whole system and the microscopic characterization of the calcium carbide-fly ash based polymer were investigated after the addition of calcium carbide slag. Ca(OH)2 in calcium carbide slag can effectively excite the volcanic ash activity of fly ash, which leads to a more adequate geopolymerization reaction and produces more hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H) gels. These gels have very high specific surface area and surface adsorption energy. The results showed that the specific surface area of geopolymer was as high as 79.76 m2/g, and through the study of its adsorption capacity of Cu(II) in aqueous solution, the results showed that its removal efficiency of Cu(II) was 97.63% and its adsorption capacity was 58.58 mg/g. By using fly ash and calcium carbide slag as the auxiliary raw materials for the preparation of geopolymer, it not only can promote the reaction of proceeding, but can also act as an excellent adsorption material, and also as an effective way to utilize industrial waste resources.
Exploring the Recent Trends in Management of Dementia and Frailty:
Focus on Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Rahman Md. Mominur , Mim Sadia Afsana , Islam Md. Rezaul , Parvez Anwar , Islam Fahadul , Uddin Mohammad Borhan , Rahaman Md. Saidur , Shuvo Pollob Ahmed , Ahmed Muniruddin , Greig Nigel H. , Kamal Mohammad Amjad
Published: April 2022

Dementia and frailty increase health adversities in older adults, which are topics of growing research interest. Frailty is considered to correspond to a biological syndrome associated with age. Frail patients may ultimately develop multiple dysfunctions across several systems, including stroke, transient ischemic attack, vascular dementia, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, cortico-basal degeneration, multiple system atrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Patients with dementia and frailty often develop malnutrition and weight loss. Rigorous nutritional, pharmacological, and non-pharmacological interventions generally are required for these patients, which is a challenging issue for healthcare providers. A healthy diet and lifestyle instigated at an early age can reduce the risk of frailty and dementia. For optimal treatment, accurate diagnosis involving clinical evaluation, cognitive screening, essential laboratory evaluation, structural imaging, functional neuroimaging, neuropsychological testing is necessary. Diagnosis procedures best apply the clinical diagnosis, identifying the cause(s) and the condition(s) appropriate for treatment. The patient's history, caregiver's interview, physical examination, cognitive evaluation, laboratory tests, structural imaging should best be involved in the diagnostic process. Varying types of physical exercise can aid the treatment of these disorders. Nutrition maintenance is a particularly significant factor, such as exceptionally high-calorie dietary supplements and a Mediterranean diet to support weight gain. The core purpose of this article is to investigate trends in the management of dementia and frailty, focusing on improving diagnosis and treatment. Substantial evidence builds the consensus that a combination of balanced nutrition and good physical activity is an integral part of treatment. Notably, more evidence-based medicine knowledge is required.
Preclinical and Clinical Aspects of using Tazemetostate in Human Cancers
Authors: Mousazadeh Leila , Mousazadeh Behzad , Motaei Jamshid , Abbasi Faezeh , Esfehani Reza Jafarzadeh
Published: April 2022

Epigenetic drugs are novel drug categories with promising effects in different cancers. Tazemetostate
is among the drugs that were recently used in clinical settings, especially in the treatment of specific tumors and
lymphomas. There are a growing number of ongoing clinical trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of tazemetostate
in different cancers. The present review addressed the available preclinical studies evaluating the
combination of tazemetostate and other chemotherapy agents in treating different cancers and summarized the
limited clinical evidence available regarding the efficacy of this novel Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2)
inhibitor in cancer. Based on the available clinical studies, tazemetostate could be considered a safe epigenetic
agent with limited adverse events for treating specific types of lymphomas and solid tumors. However, the superiority
of using tazemetostate over other chemotherapy agents in patients with cancer as well as using the
drug for other clinical conditions, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, needs further investigation. Moreover,
the effect of tazemetostate on human germline cells is clearly evaluated as some animal studies demonstrated
that the drug can affect germline epigenome suggesting further studies on this issue.
Synthesis of Benzalacetophenone-based Isoxazoline and Isoxazole Derivatives
Authors: Farooq Saba , Ngaini Zainab
Published: April 2022

The demand for natural product-based drugs with less cost and efficient procedures has become
a challenge for researchers. Benzalacetophenone is a natural product-based species that is modified
into numerous heterocyclic compounds, including isoxazoline and isoxazole derivatives. The utility
of isoxazoline and oxazole derivatives has been increased for the synthesis of new and effective
chemical entities to serve medicinal chemistry in the past few years. Isoxazoline and isoxazole are fascinating
classes of heterocyclic compounds, which belong to N- and O-heterocycles, and are widely
used as precursors for the development of drugs. This review highlights the recent work on the synthesis
of mono and bis isoxazoline and isoxazole derivatives using stable benzalacetophenone and functionalization
of isoxazoline and isoxazole, along with the prevailing biological properties.
Identification of Alternative Splicing and LncRNA Genes in Brain Tissues
of Fetal Mice at Different Developmental Stages
Authors: Fu Fang , Du Kun , Li Ying-Si , Li Lu-Shan , Xin Yang , Wang Dan , Lei Ting-Ying , Deng Qiong , Yu Qiu-Xia , Liao Can
Published: April 2022

Background:

Brain development is an extremely complex and precisely regulated process,
with about one-third of genes expressed and precisely regulated during brain development.

Objective::

This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in brain development.

Methods:

We first established the expression profile of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and
mRNAs in brain tissues of fetal mice at 12.5d, 14.5d and 16.5d through high-throughput sequencing.
Second, the associated functions, pathways, and networks of the co-differentially expressed
lncRNAs and mRNAs were identified via Gene Ontology (GO), pathway analysis, and PPI network.
After bioinformatic analysis and screening, 8 differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs
with the same genetic origin were verified by RT-qPCR analysis in brain tissues of fetal mice at
different developmental stages.

Results:

The data revealed that there were 972 co-differentially expressed lncRNAs and 992 codifferentially
expressed mRNAs in brain tissues of fetal mice at 12.5d, 14.5d and 16.5d. And we
discovered 125 differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs, which have the same genetic origin,
in brain tissues of fetal mice at 12.5d, 14.5d and 16.5d through sequencing results and bioinformatics
analysis. Besides, we proved that 8 lncRNAs, which have had the same genetic origin as differentially
expressed mRNAs, were prominently downregulated, while their maternal genes were upregulated
during brain development in fetal mice.

Conclusion:

Our results preliminarily illustrated the differentially expressed lncRNAs and
mRNAs, both of which were derived from the same parent genes, during brain development in fetal
mice, which suggests that alternative splicing of lncRNA exists during brain development. Besides,
our study provides a perspective on critical genes for brain development, which might be the
underlying therapeutic targets for developmental brain diseases in children.
Herd Immunity Against Coronavirus: A Review
Authors: Datta Shreeja , Roy Arpita
Published: April 2022

The severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has
spread exponentially, leading to an alarming number of deaths worldwide. A devastating effect
has been observed in susceptible populations. Our body’s immune system plays a very
important role in fighting against diseases. The principle of herd immunity (also known as
population immunity), which has found its way into science and has been in the limelight, is
the most widely recognised among all. It is an indirect defence against infectious diseases
when a community gained immunity, either through vaccines or through prior infection.
Herd immunity against COVID-19 must be achieved to reduce the transmission of disease
and save lives. Therefore, this review provides a comprehension of the role of immunity,
with a special emphasis on herd immunity against COVID-19, and the ways to attain herd
immunity in India have also been discussed.
Targeting Signaling Pathway by Curcumin in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Asemi Zatollah , Yousefi Bahman , Farnood Parnia Rahnamay , Pazhooh Romina Danesh
Published: April 2022

The most prevalent primary bone malignancy among children and adolescents is osteosarcoma.
The high mortality rate of osteosarcoma is due to lung metastasis. Despite the development
of multi-agent chemotherapy and surgical resection, patients with osteosarcoma have
a high metastasis rate and poor prognosis. Thus, it is necessary to identify novel therapeutic
agents to improve the 5-year survival rate of these patients. Curcumin, a phytochemical compound
derived from Curcuma longa, has been employed in treating several types of cancers
through various mechanisms. Also, in vitro studies have demonstrated that curcumin could inhibit
cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Development in identifying
signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma has provided insight into finding
new therapeutic targets for the treatment of this cancer. Targeting MAPK/ERK, PI3k/AKT,
Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, and MircoRNA by curcumin has been evaluated to improve outcomes in
patients with osteosarcoma. Although curcumin is a potent anti-cancer compound, it has rarely
been studied in clinical settings due to its congenital properties such as hydrophobicity and poor
bioavailability. In this review, we recapitulate and describe the effect of curcumin in regulating
signaling pathways involved in osteosarcoma.
Formulation and Evaluation of Tramadol HCL Pectin Coated Chitosan
LDH Bionanocomposite Beads for Colon Drug Delivery System
Authors: Pawar Ashish Yashwantrao , Ahire Komal Dilip , Naikwade Komal Namdeo , Talele Swati Gokul , Gaikwad Pritesh
Published: April 2022

Background:

Tramadol HCl (TH) is a centrally acting analgesic that is used to treat mod-erate to severe pain intestinal disorders. Its use is limited orally due to instability.

Objective:

The study aims to develop TH Pectin-coated chitosan LDH bionanocomposite beads for colon targeting.

Methods:

LDH-TH intercalation was done by precipitation reaction and it was used to prepare bi-onanocomposite beads of TH. The developed beads were characterized for bulk density, tap density, angle of repose, HR, CI, particle size, SEM, swelling study, drug loading, and EE. In vitro release study in pH 1.2 HCl buffer, pH 6.8 buffer, and pH 7.4 buffer was performed. The compatibility study was performed using FTIR and DSC studies.

Results:

The optimised formulation (F8) was found to be spherical and smooth. All other micromerit-ics properties were found within the acceptable range with the particle size of 543μm to 888 μm. The amount of swelling is greatly influenced by the pectin concentration employed in the coating process. Drug loading of batches F1 to F8 ranged from 52.37% to 90.25%. % EE of batches F1 to F8 ranged from 71.92% to 88.78. FTIR and DSC studies showed no physical incompatibility between the drug and used excipients. Batch (F8) showed a more controlled release pattern at the highest coating con-centration of pectin (1.5%). The stability study also revealed that there was no change in the drug release profile.

Conclusion:

The developed beads can be used to target the colon to prolonged-release characteristics.
On the question of the identity of a minor convicted
Authors:   N.G. Abramova Pskov branch of the Academy of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Abramova N.G.
Published: April 2022

The author of the article states distinct trends in the development of juvenile delinquency in Russia over the past five years. It is noted that the characteristic features of crimes committed by minors are associated with certain patterns of criminological characteristics of the individual, including convicts who are in an educational colony. The article presents an average portrait of the modern personality of a juvenile convict. It is said that knowledge of the criminological characteristics of the personality of a convicted teenager who is in isolation or at large is necessary for effective prevention of his illegal behavior.
The place and role of legal socialization in the formation of a stable personality orientation towards lawful behavior
Authors:   O.M. Huseynov Dagestan State University, Huseynov O.M. , Gadzhiev A.Sh. ,   A.Sh. Gadzhiev Dagestan State University, Guseynov G.O. ,   G.O. Guseynov Dagestan State Medical University
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the theoretical understanding of the problem of the study of the essence, place and role of legal socialization in the formation of a stable orientation of a person to lawful behavior as a socially useful activity in the sphere of law, aimed at the normal functioning and development of society, the realization by citizens of their basic rights and duties, the protection of law and order. At the same time, the article examines the concepts, structure and signs of lawful behavior of an individual, notes the need to form a powerful system of incentives for lawful behavior of citizens in society, and above all, to increase the level of their legal culture and legal awareness on the one hand, and the possibility of resolutely overcoming any manifestations of illegal acts and actions of an individual on the other.
Administrative prejudice: foreign experience of legislative regulation
Authors:   R. S. Danelyan , Irina Ig. Zimenkova2 1, 2 Moscow City Pedagogical University, Danelyan R. S. , Zimenkova I. I. ,   I. I. Zimenkova Moscow City Pedagogical University
Published: April 2022

The scientific article is devoted to the study of administrative prejudice in the criminal legislation of foreign countries. Special attention was paid by the author to the problems of legislative regulation and enforcement of norms containing administrative prejudice, both in the countries of the Anglo-Saxon legal family (USA) and the Romano-Germanic (Germany), and in the CIS countries, the "post-Soviet" legal family (Republic of Belarus, Georgia, Republic of Kazakhstan). Some features of the legislative consolidation of administrative prejudice are analyzed in accordance with the specific applicable norms of national criminal law, court decisions, and the official point of view of the legislature.
Significance of electronic services of the Federal penitentiary service of Russia in maintaining socially-useful contacts of convicts with relatives during the spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)
Authors:   A.O. Kashtanova Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Kashtanova A.O.
Published: April 2022

The article outlines specific measures taken by the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia to prevent the spread of a new coronavirus infection in places of detention, identifies electronic services of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia that are actively used in the activities of the department. The author of the article focuses special attention on the need for widespread use of electronic services of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in conditions of a global pandemic in places of detention and considers the issues of maintaining socially useful ties at the junction of penitentiary and family contexts. Conclusions are drawn about the importance of IT technologies in the activities of the UIS; the need to combine all electronic services provided by the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia on the web page of the official website of the department, as well as the introduction of video communication practices in all territorial bodies of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia.
Prevention of committing suicide among persons serving sentences in correctional institutions as a way to ensure the personal safety of convicts
Authors:   O.V. Pronina Academy of Law and Management Federal Service for the Execution of Punishments, Pronina O.V.
Published: April 2022

The article discusses the practical aspects of the prevention of suicide among convicts. The analysis of possible actions of the administration of the institution to prevent the commission of suicides is carried out. The official statistical data on the facts of intentional infliction of harm to their health by convicts in correctional institutions are analyzed. The motives of the convicts committing these actions have been revealed. Based on the findings, the author has made proposals to improve preventive work in this direction, including in order to ensure the personal safety of convicts.
Legal systems of our time in the context of a civilizational approach to the typology of state and law
Authors:   I.N. Senin  Omsk State Transport University, Senin I.N. , Goltyapina I.Y. ,   I.Y. Goltyapina Omsk State Transport University
Published: April 2022

The article deals with issues related to the problems of legal regulation in relation to various legal systems of our time. In particular, the elements of the legal system are investigated and analyzed in the context of the civilizational approach to the typology of the state and law, their purpose is indicated. The issues of lawmaking, legal relations, the implementation of law, legal awareness and legal culture are highlighted. It is noted that each previously existing and currently existing civilization corresponds to a certain legal system reflecting the unique features and properties of this civilization. In this regard, not so much in form as in content, the types of legal systems corresponding to a particular civilization can be distinguished. It is noted that a serious problem in Russian law is a reasonable combination of individual and collective principles. The necessity of some adjustment of the existing classifications of legal systems is argued.
Local Self-Government Bodies as a Subject of Municipal Power: Actual Problems of Functioning in the Light of Constitutional Changes
Authors:   A.L. Borenstein Southwestern State University, Kursk, Russian Federation, Borenstein A.L. , Kurasova O.V. ,   O.V. Kurasova Central Chernozem Interregional Department of the Federal Service for Supervision of Natural Resources
Published: April 2022

The constitutional changes that have taken place in our country have not bypassed the level of power that is closest to the population - local self-government bodies. A new look at the legal status of municipalities requires a critical assessment of the current state of their functioning with the further formation of prospects for improving their activities. The methodological basis of the research is represented by a number of traditional, general scientific (analysis, synthesis, comparison, forecasting) and specific scientific methods of cognition. Among them, the most common were the statistical method, which made it possible to determine the difficulties of the legal regulation of the status of municipalities, and the comparative legal method, with the help of which it became possible to identify the problems of financial support of local budgets. As a result of the study, it has been proved that the constitutional renewal of the status of local selfgovernment bodies requires the consolidation of the formed system of relations between state and municipal authorities. The revealed contradictions in the regulation of the competence of municipalities can be eliminated only after an inventory and unification of the powers of local self-government bodies at the federal level. In order to ensure the financial independence of local budgets, it is necessary to reorient the formation of their revenues from their own resources.
Сontent, forms and methods of tax administration
Authors:   A.Z. Arslanbekova Dagestan State University, Arslanbekova A.Z. , Mustafaev R.Е. ,   R.Е. Mustafaev Dagestan State University
Published: April 2022

The article considers modern trends in tax administration. Reforms in the tax sphere have created the necessary basis for the modernization of the Russian fiscal institution, but at the same time, a number of organizational, legal, financial and economic problems remain that do not allow to significantly optimize tax administration. When writing the article, the following research methods were used: logical, formal-legal, method of legal modeling and analysis. In conclusion, it is concluded that further optimization of tax administration should be carried out systematically and involve the elimination of gaps in legal regulation and the widespread integration of digital technologies into communication processes between tax authorities and taxpayers
The structure of the budgetary and legal status of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation
Authors:   E.V. Pokachalova Saratov State Law Academy, Pokachalova E.V. , Ataeva N.M. ,   N.M. Ataeva  Dagestan State University
Published: April 2022

In the article, the author analyzed the structure of the budgetary and legal status of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, highlighting such elements as goals, objectives, forms, methods of budgetary activities of the constituent entities of the Federation, budgetary competence and guarantees for its implementation. When writing the article, the following research methods were used: logical, formal-legal, method of legal modeling and analysis. In conclusion, it is concluded that the budgetary and legal status of the subjects of the Federation is due to their legal personality in the public sector. The budgetary competence of the subjects of the Federation is a set of budgetary powers of a sovereign nature of the subjects of the Federation, carried out in the public sector, defined by the subjects of jurisdiction, enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the Russian Federation.