bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PLATFORM MAKECODE IN STEM EDUCATION
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, MUSTAN SEVINCH
Published: December 2024

Modern education increasingly requires the use of modern educational resources in the learning process. This article examines one of the educational platforms that finds application in modern STEM education. This is the Makecode for Micro:bit platform. The possibilities, advantages and disadvantages, the purpose and implementation of the platform in the educational process are considered. Attention is paid to the possibilities of the platform for working with a Micro:bit board, as well as to the connection between block programming and the subjects studied at school. Some methods and means by which the platform can be integrated into the learning process are presented, and some example projects are also considered for this purpose.
Fetal Death Due to Medical Malpractice and Criminal Liability : In Relation to the Fetus's Constitutional Right to Life
Authors:   National Public Law Review, Kim Jong Goo
Published: December 2024

A fetus is a living being in the process of developing into a person. Like a person, a fetus is also understood as a subject of the constitutional right to life. However, in civil law, the concept of a legal subject generally presupposes a person, and in criminal law, the objects of offenses such as homicide or involuntary manslaughter are limited to persons. Therefore, according to the precedents of the Korean Supreme Court, if a fetus dies due to medical malpractice, the fetus itself is denied the right to claim civil damages, and the establishment of criminal charges such as involuntary manslaughter or injury due to professional negligence concerning the fetus is also denied. The Constitutional Court of Korea holds a similar stance.
However, this conclusion leads to the result that a fetus, if injured by negligence and born as a person, is granted legal protection, but if it dies due to negligence, it is not granted such protection. This result is not only unreasonable but also insufficient in safeguarding the constitutional right to life of the fetus. Various theories of legal interpretation have been proposed to address this issue, though practical application remains challenging from a theoretical perspective. Consequently, legislative solutions are also deemed necessary.
In modern times, with advances in medical technology, a fetus that has reached a certain stage of development has a very high likelihood of being born as a person. Therefore, a fetus that has reached a certain gestational stage and possesses independent viability may warrant legal protection akin to that of a person. This paper examines the Supreme Court's precedent, which denies the establishment of charges of involuntary manslaughter or injury due to professional negligence in cases of fetal death due to medical malpractice, in comparison with relevant Constitutional Court decisions, U.S. court precedents, and legislative examples. In conclusion, the paper proposes separate criminal legislation to punish violations against fetuses that are capable of independent survival.
Measures to improve the efficiency of the sexual grievance deliberation system
Authors:   National Public Law Review, Cheong Saeon
Published: December 2024

Working in a safe work environment is an essential right to live as a human being. Here, a safe working environment includes not only the natural environment but also the artificial working environment, and the artificial environment refers to the working environment that may be caused by workplace members. Preventing mental damage due to sexual harassment is also included in a safe working environment. becomes an important factor. Accordingly, Korea is enacting laws related to sexual harassment to provide relief from sexual harassment that occurs in the workplace and is preparing countermeasures such as conducting preventive education to create a healthy culture in the organization.
However, when a sexual harassment incident occurs, the effectiveness of the countermeasures stipulated in the relevant laws and regulations decreases as various practical problems arise during the implementation process, or even in some cases, the sexual harassment act is not reported as an incident, thereby violating the legislative purpose of the relevant laws and regulations. In some cases, it overshadows the existence of laws and the meaning of their existence. Accordingly, in order to improve the effectiveness of the sexual grievance deliberation system and realize the legislative purpose, the limitations (problems) occurring in reality are pointed out and solutions and improvements are presented. However, in order to actually improve the effectiveness of these solutions or improvement measures, it is necessary to raise the awareness of members, so there is a need for sexual harassment prevention education and appropriate compulsory regulation. Therefore, a direct way to improve efficiency would be for the relevant department to actively review these improvement measures and revise related laws or reflect them in the internal regulations of the workplace in the future.
The Use of Price Signals to Accelerate the Energy Transition
Authors:   Elektrodistribucija Srbije, Republika Srbija, Grujić Dunja , Kuzman Miloš ,   Udruženje za pravo energetike Srbije, Republika Srbija, Đurišić Željko ,   Elektrotehnički fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Republika Srbija
Published: December 2024

Energy transition from fossil to renewable energy sources has accelerated significantly in the past few years due to the dramatic consequences of environmental pollution, climate change and the decreasing level of fossil fuel reserves. This paper presents certain energy transition challenges faced by the distribution system operator, some of which are: difficult management of the distribution power system, increase in energy losses, as well as the need for additional investments in the distribution network in order to enable the connection of new system users. One of the possibilities for facilitating the operation of the distribution system operator in the conditions of energy transition is management of electricity consumption and production. The possibility of using dynamic electricity prices and changing the way of determining prices of access to the distribution power system with the aim of managing consumption and production with price signals was analysed in this paper. The current price models of suppliers and operators of the distribution system in Montenegro and the Republic of Serbia are shown here. In addition to this, the paper also presents proposals of new price models and their impact on operators of the distribution system, suppliers, and system users.
Seguridad en uso de toxina botulínica tipo A en reparación de labio leporino y paladar hendido en niños menores de 2 años
Authors: Reyes Lorena Juárez , Amaro Leslie Alessandra Colunga , López Miriam Janet Cervantes
Published: December 2024

La toxina botulínica tipo A (BoNT-A) es una neurotoxina producida por la bacteria Clostridium botulinum, la cual se ha convertido en una herramienta terapeutica ampliamente utilizada y aceptada debido a su gran eficacia y seguridad en diferentes patologías, entre las que destacan la espasticidad y distonía. Actualmente se ha utilizado como una terapia adyuvante en la terapia fisica produciendo resultados favorables, baja tasa de complicaciones y disminuye significativamente la aparicion de hipertrofia cicatricial al ser aplicada antes de realizar una cirugía plastica en pacientes pediatricos con labio leporino.  El objetivo fue determinar la seguridad de aplicación de BoNT-A  (Dysport) en niños menores de 2 años en la reconstrucción de labio leporino y paladar hendido.  El presente estudio se realizó con la inyección de toxina botulínica tipo A, a pacientes en el preoperatorio de reconstrucción de labio paladar hendido, se realizó la valoración por un médico en cirugía plástica y un médico en rehabilitación y se determinó la dosis de BoNT-A en dosis Dysport de 6-10u x kg de peso y Botox de 3 a 14ux kg de peso. Se observó la evolución positivo de 11 pacientes pediatricos con labio leporino en los que se aplico una dosis BoNT-A 1 mes antes realizar queiloplastia, de los cuales únicamente se incluyeron 8 debido a que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión (menores de 2 años), en los que se inyecto BoNT-A en los labios de manera dosificada individualmente, en los que en el 100% de los casos no se presento efectos adversos ni reacciones de hipersensibilidad y hubo un nivel alto de satisfacción tras realizar queiloplastia con grados nulos de hipertrofia cicatricial. La BoTN-A tiene buena seguridad al ser aplicada de manera prequirgica en niños menores de 2 años con labio leporino demostrando baja aparición de efectos adversos.
Associated power converters to the drive of a three-phase induction motor in a personal mobility electric vehicle
Authors: Fernández José González , Lara Gabriel Calzada
Published: December 2024

In this work it defines the analysis, design and construction of the associated power converters to the drive of a squirrel cage type three-phase induction motor. The final goal is to mount the mentioned motor with the control scheme in a personal mobility electric vehicle (PMEV); therefore, it will be necessary to power it with a battery pack, this creates the need for a current inversion stage, going from direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). In order to solve this problem as from the power electronics point of view, to connect a high gain boost converter to the DC power supply (batteries) it is proposed, and then, can rise the output voltage of this stage, in order to supply the DC input voltage for a full-bridge type three-phase inverter. The necessary control scheme will be applied to the inverter to achieve that the motor speed follows a speed reference.
Analysis of radial stresses in direct simple shear tests using three-dimensional finite element elastoplastic analysis
Authors: Azeddine Chehat , Khebizi Wiam
Published: December 2024

This study presents a three-dimensional finite element elastoplastic analysis to investigate the distribution of radial stresses in direct simple shear tests. The analysis was conducted to address the limitation of most DSS devices, which only measure the average vertical and shear stresses, and do not provide complete stress states of tested specimens. Through the analysis, the distribution of radial stresses acting on the perimeter of the cylindrical wall of the specimen and at any point of the sample was quantified. The results demonstrate that the radial stresses exhibit significant variation in the specimen, which has implications for soil constitutive models. Overall, this study provides new insights into the behavior of soils under simple shear loading and highlights the importance of considering the complete stress state of specimens in DSS tests.
An investigation of investors' exposure towards stock market and preferred investment avenues: A study in Krishna District
Authors: Madanu Bala Swamy , Nagaraj K V
Published: December 2024

Money is an important component of living in the current era. People must invest their money to solve future difficulties. Investment is a commitment of funds set aside from current expenses in anticipation of future gains. Savings are invested in assets based on an individual's knowledge of numerous investment options, risk tolerance, and expected return. Every human being must take the vital step of investing hard-earned money. Investors can put their money into a variety of investment vehicles. Each of these investment ideas carries a distinct level of risk and potential return. Investors anticipate bigger returns with less risks. Financial consultants and advisors give a wide range of suggestions to investors in this field. However, every investor faces a difficult task when putting together an appropriate portfolio. The investing possibilities cover both financial instruments and other assets. Investor attitudes may vary throughout time and from person to person. Additionally, investors' investment objectives will vary.
Addressing Non-Revenue Water Challenges: a Pathway Towards Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)
Authors: Ahmad Raja Adzrin Raja , Samsudin Syamsyul , Azmi Nurul Azlin , Yatim Nurul Huda Md
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aims to investigate the level of non-revenue water (NRW) in Malaysia, explore the factors and outline the strategies for mitigating water losses to achieve sustainable water management goals.
 
Theoretical Framework: In this topic, the main concepts and theories that underpin the research are presented. The theory of common-pool resources provides a solid basis for understanding the context of the investigation.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises employing secondary data from SPAN (National Water Services Commission) to investigate the level of NRW in Malaysia. Data collection was carried out by interviewing personnel from SPAN.
 
Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that the level of NRW in Malaysia is high. The amount increased from 4,912 MLD in 2018 to 5,389 MLD in 2022, translating to a 10% increase over five years. Based on the interview, the factors contributing to the high level of NRW are leaks, theft, inaccurate metering, and old infrastructure.
 
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of NRW. These implications could encompass water scarcity and Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6).
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the causes and factors that lead to the NRW. The relevance and value of this research significantly influence water scarcity, people's lifestyles, and SDGs.
Developing an Islamic Human Resource Development Mode (IHRD) to Strengthen the Organization's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: Zarkasyi Hamid Fahmy , Mas’ud Fuad , Umam Khoirul , Hidayatullah Rakhmad Agung , Khakim Usmanul
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study proposed and developed an Islamic Human Resources Development (IHRD) model for Organizational Sustainability.
 
Theoretical Framework:  The worldview theory conducted as the framework of this study. Worldview defined as a set of fundamental beliefs of human being. This study specifically elaborated the fundamental concepts of Swanson’s theory of HRD and integrated them into the Islamic fundamental concepts. This integration then became the foundation for the development of IHRD conceptual model.
 
Method: This literature study was performed using philosphical approach. The primary sources for this study are Richard Swanson's works on HRD. Content analysis and comparative analysis are the techniques of data analysis used.
 
Results and Discussion: Firstly, HRD in Swanson's view is not based on the concept of God. In contrast, the Islamic worldview makes God the central concept. Secondly, the incorporation of the concept of God in HRD theory broadens its scope includes material and spiritual well-being, eradicating exploitation and sustainability values
 
Research Implications: This study will be useful in developing academic discussions on Islam and HRD. Empirical testing of this study is the practical implication in strengthen the organization's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). 
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by introducing worldview theory as a framework for HRD studies. This study is expected to provide a conceptual guide for Muslim HRD practitioners, particularly those living in Muslim-populated countries. Further research on the discussion of Islam and HRD development is necessary to conduct.
Optimization of Elaeis Guineensis Shell Ash Nanoparticles for Gas Turbine Blade Coating
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Dept., Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA), Kaduna., Abhulimen Edeowede Abel , Guma Thomas Ndyar ,   Mechanical Engineering Dept., Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA), Kaduna., Achara Nnorom ,   Mechanical Engineering Dept., Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA), Kaduna.
Published: December 2024

The nanoparticles of elaeis guineensis (oil palm) kernel shell ash was developed into recipe for the fabrication of composite coatings on gas turbine blades, with electrodeposition technique employed. To prepare the electrodeposition bath; 100g/l ZnCl2, 5g/l Thiourea, 15g/l Boric acid, and 100g/l KCl were utilized and the recipe for the fabrication of the composite coatings were 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25g/l of the nanoparticles. This paper tends to analyse the various percentage weight of the recipe making up the electrolyte, with a view to investigating and ascertaining the effectiveness of the coatings derived from each composition through; coating thickness, hardness value, surface roughness, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), electrical conductivity, tribology and microstructure analysis. Whereas the results of the investigation reveal that the performance of gas turbine blade was enhanced with the composite coatings, the 20g/l composition was found to be most effective. The decrease in the performance beyond this composition is attributable to the fact that the electrolyte became too viscous to promote easy flow of electrons during electrodeposition, as was similarly observed in previous work.
A Shift in Timing: The Role of Early Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Patients with Complicated Acute Cholecystitis – A Case Series
Authors:   Consultant Surgeon, No. (1) Military Hospital (700-Bedded), Pyin Oo Lwin, Myanmar., Wyke Min Nay Zar , Maung Zaw Linn ,   Consultant Surgeon, No. (1) Military Hospital (700-Bedded), Pyin Oo Lwin, Myanmar., Ko Lin Aung Ko ,   Consultant Surgeon, No. (1) Military Hospital (700-Bedded), Pyin Oo Lwin, Myanmar., Aung Moe Myat ,   Head of Department of Surgery (Retired), No. (1) Military Hospital (700-Bedded), Pyin Oo Lwin, Myanmar.
Published: December 2024

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the gold standard for the treatment of acute cholecystitis due to its minimally invasive nature, which significantly reduces patient recovery times and postoperative complications. This case series presents four cases of acute cholecystitis, each managed successfully via laparoscopic cholecystectomy, without conversion to open surgery. The clinical outcomes and intraoperative findings underscore the effectiveness of laparoscopic techniques, even in complex cases such as empyema, gangrenous cholecystitis, and perforation with abscess formation. The discussion includes a review of the relevant literature, highlighting the advantages of early laparoscopic intervention in acute cholecystitis and addressing the challenges posed by severe inflammation. This case series emphasizes the importance of laparoscopic surgery as the preferred treatment modality for acute cholecystitis.
AI Governance and Compliance in Regulated Industries
Authors:   Senior Solutions Architect, Data Science Dojo, Bellevue, WA, USA, Akheel Syed Arham
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a transformative technology across many industries, offering promising solutions for automation, customer engagement, and decision making.
The Use of Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal H. illucens for the Pre Growth of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fingerlings Reared in Floating Cages in Benin
Authors:   Laboratory of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, School of Aquaculture, National University of Agriculture (UNA), BP 43 Kétou, Benin, Gangbazo DNS Kpogue ,   Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Research on Wetlands, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey - Calavi, B.P. 526 Cotonou, Benin.
Published: December 2024

To increase the value of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae in the diet of Tilapia reared on aquaculture farms in Benin, three diets RR, RT and R55
were tested in triplicate in floating cages for 35 days on Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings with a mean initial weight Pmi = 7±0.220 g. The stocking density
was 70 fingerlings/m3. RR is an imported commercial feed while RT is a fishmeal diet. R55 is a diet based on Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) meal with an
incorporation rate of 55%. Control fishing was carried out every 7 days and hematological constants were determined. The results show that the feed tested
significantly affect zootechnical parameters (p ˂ 0.05). The Final Mean weight (FMW) of fingerlings fed the experimental diets ranged from 16.37±1.18
(RT) to 21.53±1.42 (R55).
The best specific growth and economic conversion rates were obtained with R55 (3.21±0.064 %day-1 and 0.95±0.18%), which also had better Hb levels. An
incorporation rate of 55% of BSFL meal in the feed of O. niloticus fingerlings therefore induced good zootechnical performance and better economic profitability.
Assessing Bias in Risk Operations: Mitigation Strategies through Micro Reviews
Authors:   USA, Yaragani Vinay Kumar
Published: December 2024

Risk management in organizations often relies on both machine learning models and human-in-the-loop operations to detect fraudsters and identify
risky users. While machine learning models excel at handling extreme cases on both ends of the risk spectrum, increasing model recall often leads
to higher false positive rates. In these scenarios, automated actions are insufficient, and human reviewers play a crucial role in assessing flagged
cases. However, human decisions are inherently subjective and susceptible to bias, which can impact the accuracy and fairness of risk mitigation
strategies. This paper explores methods to measure the effectiveness of these human reviews, examines the types of biases that can arise during the
decision-making process, and discusses strategies to mitigate these biases using MicroReviews. By integrating high-recall models with human-inthe-loop processes, we aim to develop a more balanced and unbiased approach to risk operations that enhances decision-making accuracy while
minimizing potential biases.
Aplicação da metodologia PDCA para a automatização do processo de impressão de crachás por meio das ferramentas de Low Code
Authors: Sardinha Leonardo Lopes , Fonseca Júnior Lázaro Antônio da , Santos Aline Gonçalves dos
Published: December 2024

Este artigo aborda a automatização do processo de impressão de crachás dos funcionários de uma empresa utilizando ferramentas de programação low code. O problema foi estruturado segundo a metodologia Lean, especificadamente o ciclo PDCA. O Gemba Walk e o 5W2H foram utilizados para elencar os problemas identificados, que vão desde a demora para a entrega dos crachás, a falta de controle sobre a quantidade de crachás impressos, a perda de tempo devido a fotos duplicadas e informações descentralizadas, além da confecção manual dos crachás. Com a implementação da solução low code, esses problemas foram resolvidos de forma eficaz. O sistema automatizado não só otimizou o fluxo de trabalho e minimizou erros manuais, mas também possibilitou a verificação de treinamentos e exames vencidos. Além disso, a solução resultou em uma redução de aproximadamente 84% no tempo de solicitação e impressão dos crachás.
Otimização do transporte de pacientes em hospitais de grande porte
Authors: Oliveira Ruan Myller Magalhães de , Queiroz Layane Rodrigues de Souza , Queiroz Thiago Alves de
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho lida com o problema de coleta e entrega de pacientes entre unidades distintas de um mesmo hospital, que particularmente surge em hospitais que ocupam uma grande área geográfica e, por isso, possuem diversos pavilhões com serviços distintos entre si. O problema considera uma frota de veículos, cada qual com capacidade de transporte limitada. As solicitações para o transporte de pacientes são recebidas ao longo do dia e são completamente desconhecidas até a sua emissão. O objetivo do problema é determinar rotas, atualizadas de forma dinâmica, para cada veículo de modo que o atraso total ponderado associado ao atendimento das solicitações seja mínimo. A proposta deste trabalho envolve uma heurística de reotimização baseada em políticas que observam características dos pacientes e do hospital, além de uma metaheurística de busca tabu. A heurística fornece soluções satisfatórias para o problema sobre instâncias de diferentes tamanhos.
Analysis of the Ratio Between Gross Tonnage (GT) and Engine Power (HP) on Mini Purse Seine Vessels at the Coastal Fishing Port (PPP) Larangan, Tegal Regency, Central Java
Authors: Suharyanto Suharyanto , Pramono Catur Adi , Hermawan Fajar , Akbar Mohamad Adha
Published: December 2024

This research was conducted at the Larangan Coastal Fishing Port (PPP) on 15-17 November 2022 and 13-14 October 2023. The research focused on mini purse seine used to catch anchovy. The research method used was survey method and data tracking of vessels and fishing gear. Samples were selected from 50 mini purse seine vessels with brand engines: Mitsubishi, Dongfeng, Tianli, Jiandong, Yanmar, Changfa, Hiundai, JF, DH, and Inda. The engines were dominated by Mitsubishi and Dangfeng, at 36% each.  Then the two groups of ships with different engine brands were determined the Gross Tonage and Hourse Power (GT/HP) ratio value of each ship. The ratio value of Mitsubishi engine brand is 0.03-0.11 while that of Dongfeng brand is 0.07-0.30.  The mode of GT/HP ratio value of Mitsubishi brand is 0.10 at 33.3% and Dongfeng brand is 0.15 and 0.20 at 16.7% respectively. The average GT/HP ratio value of the Mitsubishi brand is 0.0733 and the Dongfeng brand is 0.1539. The results of previous studies range the value of the GT / HP ratio from 0.11 to 0.28. Both in terms of the mode and the average value of the two engine brands, it is found that the Mitsubishi brand GT / HP ratio value with a mode of 0.10 and an average of 0.0733 < 0.11-0.28. While the Dongfeng brand mode 0.15 and 0.20 and an average of 0.1539 are in the range of 0.11-0.28. Because the GT / HP ratio value is directly proportional to GT and inversely proportional to HP engine power, the Mitsubishi brand tends to use a larger HP engine power. So that the operational cost is higher and vice versa for the Dongfeng brand the operational cost is lower or more economical. In choosing the engine brand, it was found that mini purse seine fishermen in Prohibition used Mitsubishi brand engines for the reasons of ‘strong power’ and ‘rarely broken’ at 35% each. While the Dongfeng brand chose the reason ‘The price is cheap’, ‘easy spare parts’ and ‘rarely broken’ each by 26%.
The Evolution of Toponyms in a Bilingual Context. Original and Current Forms of Oikonyms in Covasna County, Romania
Authors:   Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Salamon Boróka-Emese
Published: December 2024

One of the major encounters of identity and otherness one could witness is coming across names of places in a country, which appear in two languages. This situation can be witnessed in bilingual territories or in circumstances where there is a different official language than the one of the indigenous people. The aim of this paper is to gather the first official appearance of the names of human establishments in Covasna County, to establish their source language and examine their current forms, their translations into target language and to summarize the applied translation techniques in order to find the most common one among those appliable to the translation of toponyms.
Poverty Eradication through Maize Production Initiative and Household Income: A Case of Kamwenge Sub County in Kamwenge District Uganda.
Authors: Ket Bingana , Olubukola Olorunnisola Abiola , Nchaga Asuma Mariita
Published: December 2024

The study Investigate the relationship between poverty eradication through maize production and household income in Kamwenge Sub County, Uganda. Its objectives were to examine the influence of maize products, maize markets, and improved maize seed varieties on household income. Using a quantitative approach and correlation design, the research surveyed 195 participants from a population of 378, with data collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between maize products, maize markets, improved maize seed varieties, and household income (p = 0.000 < 0.05; p = 0.000 < 0.05; p = 0.019 < 0.05, respectively). The study concludes that maize production initiatives can significantly increase household income and improve the livelihoods of maize farmers, thus contributing to poverty reduction. It recommends that policymakers invest in targeted poverty eradication initiatives that support maize production, aiming to enhance income and promote sustainable agricultural development.
Fiduciary Guarantee Phenomenon Regarding Intellectual Property Rights in Indonesia
Authors: Badriyah Siti Malikhatun , Suharto Marjo, R.
Published: December 2024

Collateral is one of the special guarantees. Collateral gives rise to material rights. One of the material guarantees that is widely used is fiduciary guarantees. Intellectual Property Rights can be the object of fiduciary guarantees, but in their implementation there are still various obstacles. This research aims to determine and analyze the phenomenon of fiduciary guarantees on Intellectual Property Rights. This research uses a socio-legal approach, integrating normative and sociological research. The research results show that Intellectual Property Rights can be qualified as intangible objects. Thus, in principle, intellectual property rights can be the object of collateral. One of the most possible material guarantees is fiduciary guarantees. Although Intellectual Property Rights as an object of fiduciary security have been mentioned in statutory regulations, further regulations are not yet clear. In the implementation of Fiduciary Guarantees with Intellectual Property Rights objects, there are still various obstacles, including Appraisal which estimates the value of the guarantee, the economic value is easy to change, Execution in the event of a debtor defaulting. This has the implication that not many financial institutions are willing to accept guarantees for Intellectual Property Rights.
Postgraduate Supervision: Comparing Student Expectations from United Kingdom University and Malaysia University
Authors: Shaari Roziana , Rees Christopher J.
Published: December 2024

This study presents empirical findings on postgraduate students’ expectations of supervision in Master’s programmes, comparing perspectives from the UK and Malaysia in particular. A cross-sectional design was conducted at two universities: one in the United Kingdom (hereafter University A) and one in Malaysia (hereafter University B). A t-test was conducted to examine the differences in expectations between these universities. Descriptive statistics, including measures of central tendency (mean) and frequency, were used to summarise respondents’ expectations for each university and boxplots provided a visual representation of the data. This study suggests that an effective Master’s supervisor should demonstrate qualities of affirmation and encouragement while clearly defining his or her role in the dissertation supervision process.
X-Linked Bulbospinal Muscular Atrophy (Kennedy's Disease). A Case Diagnosed After 16 Years
Authors: Tosunoğlu Bünyamin
Published: December 2024

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, also known as Kennedy's disease, is a rare late-onset X linked recessive hereditary lower motor neuron disease. Kennedy's disease is caused by increased trinucleotide (CAG) repeats on the androgen receptor gene, which encodes polyglutamine on the X chromosome. The number of CAG repeats was associated with disease severity and the likelihood of early onset. Males are always affected, while female carriers
may experience low-intensity symptoms. Muscle weakness and muscle atrophies, bulbar weakness, tremor, cramps, fasciculations, sensory neuropathy, gynecomastia, and sexual dysfunction are the most common clinical manifestations of Kennedy's disease. Kennedy's disease is extremely rare in most societies. We wanted to present our 66-year-old patient with
progressive muscle weakness, gait disturbance, recurrent falling attacks and muscle twitches, diagnosed with Kennedy's disease as a result of genetic screening, and to draw attention to Kennedy's disease with the case we presented.
Laryngotracheal dyspnea, a new classification
Authors: Amourache Yacine
Published: December 2024

Aim. Laryngeal and/or laryngotracheal dyspnea represents, especially by its severity, a real emergency that is sometimes life-threatening. The degree of severity of this dyspnea is of paramount importance. The classic classification ranks the stages of dyspnea as mild, moderate or severe. The aim of our work is to propose a clinical and decisional classification. Patients and methods. This is a prospective study on patients with laryngeal or laryngotracheal dyspnea of any age, affecting both sexes.
After a precise clinical evaluation of the dyspnea and the presence or absence of signs of severity or respiratory distress and depending on a possible etiological orientation, the dyspnea is staged and a therapeutic decision is made, according to the proposed classification ( pre-established patient file). The objective of this work is to improve the management of laryngotracheal dyspnea. Results. According to the classification of laryngotracheal dyspnea proposed, there were 9 cases for STAGE I, 83 cases for STAGE II and 12 cases for STAGE III. For 9 cases (STAGE I), 6 emergency tracheotomies, 1 bilateral cordopexy and 2 unilateral cordopexy were performed. All other cases subsequently benefited from appropriate remote etiological treatment. Our
results as well as our classification are discussed through a review of the international literature. Conclusion. This new proposed classification of laryngotracheal dyspnea has improved our diagnostic strategy as well as our therapeutic decision, notably in relation to the time of intervention.
Prognostic factors of survival without progression metastatic in women with breast cancer
Authors: Messid Houria
Published: December 2024

Objective. To determine the main prognostic factors that condition the survival without progression to a metastatic disease at 10 years of female breast cancer in the wilaya of Oran - Algeria. Methods. we carried out a retrospective study on 247 incident cases of non-metastatic female breast cancer diagnosed between January 1st 2007 and December 31st 2009. The patients included in the study were residents of the province of Oran and had a clinical record at the University Hospital Center of Oran. The survival
analysis was carried out according to the Kaplan Meier Method. To study the
characteristics of the prognostic factors, the survival of patients was calculated in univariate analysis by the Log-rank test and in multivariate analysis by the Cox model. Results. On December 31st 2018, we noted rates of survival without progression to metastatic disease at 10 years of 70.5%. In the univariate analysis, survival without progression was affected (p<0.05) by tumor size, lymph node involvement and the peritumoral vascular and lymphatic emboli. In the multivariate analysis, HER2 overexpression (RH: 2.97; 95% CI [1.26-6.99]; p=0.01) and the presence of vascular emboli had an adverse effect on survival without progression metastatic at 10 years.
Conclusion: her2-positive molecular classes, tumor size, vascular emboli and lymph node involvement were associated with significantly higher risk remote relapse of breast cancer.
Pedicled myocutaneous trapezius flap for chronic osteomyelitis of the spinous processes – a case report
Authors: Vodička Petr , Mařík Vladimír
Published: December 2024

Complex injuries to the posterior trunk can still pose a significant challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. Due to the lack of skin laxity, dependent anatomical location and the importance of the deeper structures, a systematic approach tailored to the individual defect should be considered for these types of reconstructions. In our case report, we present a reconstructive solution of a chronic defect of the back caused by resection of an ulceration. What was previously considered to be a relapse of a malignant melanoma turned out to be a chronic osteomyelitis of the spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae. The defect after the resection of the ulceration and infected spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae with exposed dorsal lamina was covered with pedicled myocutaneous flap. Reconstruction yielded well-vascularized tissue that provided sufficient volume and tissue quality. Even in the light of modern perforator flaps, local or locoregional muscle and myocutaneous flaps remain the first choice for the treatment of deep back defects. Considering all the factors in the given case, plastic surgeons are able to tailor the reconstructive technique to every individual case to match the desired reconstruction goal.
Systemic allopurinol administration reduces malondialdehyde, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, and increases vascular endothelial growth factor in random flap Wistar rats exposed to nicotine
Authors: Gitaswari Indah , Hamid Agus Roy Rusly Hariantana , Sanjaya I Gusti Putu Hendra , Samsarga Gede Wara , Lestari Anak Agung Wiradewi , Niryana I Wayan , Darmajaya I Made
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Smoking poses a risk to flap viability, with nicotine being a major contributor to the formation of free radicals. Allopurinol, known for its antioxidant properties, has been shown to enhance tissue survival in ischemic conditions by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study aims to assess the impact of allopurinol on the viability and success of skin flaps in Wistar rats exposed to nicotine. Methods: This study examined skin flap survival in nicotine-exposed rats treated with allopurinol. Twenty-eight rats were separated into two groups. During 1 month of nicotine exposure, the treatment group received systemic allopurinol 7 days before and 2 days after the flap procedure, while the control group received no allopurinol. Pro-angiogenic factors, proinflammatory factors, anti-inflammatory factors, and oxidative markers were assessed on the 7th day after the flap procedure using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Macroscopic flap viability was evaluated on the 7th day using Image J photos. Results: As an oxidative marker, malondialdehyde levels were significantly lower in rats given allopurinol than in controls (P < 0.001). The levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α, as markers of inflammatory factors, were significantly lower in the group of rats given allopurinol compared to controls (P < 0.001). The level of angiogenesis in rats given allopurinol, measured by vascular endothelial growth factor levels, was also higher in the treatment group compared to controls (P < 0.001). Macroscopically, the percentage of distal flap necrosis in Wistar rats given allopurinol was lower and statistically significant compared to controls (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Xanthine oxidoreductase is part of a group of enzymes involved in reactions that produce ROS. Allopurinol, as an effective inhibitor of the xanthine oxidase enzyme, can reduce oxidative stress by decreasing the formation of ROS. This reduction in oxidative stress mitigates the risk of ischemic-reperfusion injury effects and significantly increases the viability of Wistar rat flaps exposed to nicotine.
Looking out for the little guy: species distribution modeling and conservation implications of the elfin skimmer Nannothemis bella (Odonata: Libellulidae)
Authors: Chandler Maia , Davis Daniel , Newton Lacie , Goodman Aaron , Ware Jessica
Published: December 2024

Nannothemis bella Uhler, 1857 (Odonata: Libellulidae), the smallest dragonfly
in North America, inhabit bogs and sedge fens across their distribution, spanning from
Quebec (Canada) south to Florida and west to Minnesota and Louisiana (USA). While common
in the northern part of their range, N. bella is of conservation concern in the southern
populations where they are disjunct and rare. Little work has been done on the ecology
and geographic conservation of this species. To fill this knowledge gap, we constructed
species distribution models (SDMs) to analyze the spatial distribution and climatic niche
of N. bella, define factors in habitat suitability and estimate potential niche shifts under
climate change and inform conservation efforts. Our present-day SDMs indicate the dominant
environmental elements determining habitat suitability include the proportion of silt
in soil, temperature seasonality, percentage of clay and coarse components in soil, and soil
class. Our paleodistribution models show a southern distribution within the last glacial
maximum, with a shift northward 8,326 to 4,200 years ago. Our projected SDMs for 2050
under RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 predict a significant decrease in habitat suitability throughout
the entire range of N. bella. As such, N. bella is a species of conservation concern and
conservation measures are imperative for its continued existence as a much-needed bioindicator
for these freshwater ecosystems. Additionally, this ecological knowledge provides
the foundation for identifying population sites from which to collect N. bella for future
population genetic studies.
Effect Of Yoga Intervention on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Body Mass Index in Indo-Tibetan Border Police Personnel for High-Altitude Missions in India
Authors: Arya Jaideep , Kumar Saket , Sharma Sunil , Duhan Ishwar , Chander Harish , Priyanka  , Jaspreet
Published: December 2024

Background: The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) personnel face unique health challenges due to high-altitude deployments above 3,000 meters. Prolonged exposure to such extreme conditions often leads to hypertension, altered heart rates, and fluctuations in body mass index (BMI). These health issues can adversely affect operational readiness. Yoga, a time-tested practice known to promote physical and mental well-being, has potential therapeutic effects for managing these challenges. This study investigates the impact of a structured yogic regimen on blood pressure, heart rate, and BMI among ITBP personnel.Materials & Methods: This longitudinal intervention study included 100 ITBP personnel, aged 25–45 years, with no history of cardiovascular or metabolic diseases. Participants were selected purposively, ensuring they were stationed at altitudes above 3,000 meters. Pre- and post-intervention measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and BMI were recorded. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess the significance of changes in these parameters.Results:Statistical analysis revealed significant improvements in all measured parameters. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure reduced from mean pre-test values of 121.17 mmHg and 82.67 mmHg to post- test values of 117.53 mmHg and 77.12 mmHg, respectively. Heart rate showed a mean reduction from78.47 to 73.12 beats per minute. BMI decreased from a mean of 22.41 to 21.93 kg/m², demonstrating weight stabilization and improved physical well-being.Conclusion: The study demonstrates that structured Yogic practices significantly enhance cardiovascular health and physical well-being among ITBP personnel in high-altitude regions. The observed reductions in blood pressure, heart rate, and BMI underscore Yoga’s potential as an effective preventive health measure for individuals in high-stress environments. Integrating Yoga into regular health management strategies can enhance operational readiness and overall well-being. Further studies are recommended to explore the long-term benefits and broader occupational applications of Yoga.
Personalized Ahara and Vihara: Aligning Diet and Lifestyle with Prakriti in Ayurveda for Optimal Health.
Authors: Thakur Ritu , Jagota Ankush , Thakur Shalini
Published: December 2024

Background: In Ayurveda, Diet (Ahara) and Lifestyle (Vihara) play a crucial role  in maintaining overall health and wellbeing, and it is tailored to an individual’s  unique constitution or “Prakriti,” which is determined by the unique balance  of the three doshas: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. Each dosha represents distinct  physical and psychological characteristics that influence health and wellness. Material and Methods: The diet and lifestyle according to various Samhitas  such as Charak and Sushruta Samhita were studied, and a plan was made  according to Prakriti. Result: This study suggests that aligning diet and  lifestyle with one’s prakriti may help in preventing lifestyle-related diseases  but also enhance mental clarity, emotional stability, and energy levels. Discussion & Conclusion A balanced diet and lifestyle tailored to one’s dosha and  prakriti enhance digestion and vitality, and a moderated lifestyle fosters overall well being. By integrating these principles, individuals can achieve holistic health tailored  to their unique constitution or prakriti.
Plant Disease Classification
Authors: Shravani Upganlawar  , Ghanshyam Wadaskar  , Piyush Raipure  , Hitakshani Thombre  , Hitakshani Thombre  , Prof. Sachin Dhawas
Published: December 2024

Plant diseases significantly impact agricultural productivity, leading to economic losses and food insecurity worldwide. Timely and accurate detection of plant diseases is critical to mitigate these effects and ensure sustainable farming practices. This project explores the use of deep learning techniques for detecting plant diseases based on leaf images.
The system leverages convolutional neural networks (CNNs), specifically pre-trained models like ResNet and MobileNet, fine-tuned on the publicly available PlantVillage dataset. The dataset consists of thousands of labeled images of healthy and diseased leaves from various crops. To enhance model performance and generalization, data augmentation techniques such as rotation, flipping, and brightness adjustments were applied during preprocessing.
The proposed system achieves high classification accuracy, validated using metrics such as precision, recall, and F1-score. Additionally, visualization tools like Grad-CAM are used to interpret model predictions, highlighting regions of the leaf that influence the decision-making process. The model is further optimized for deployment on mobile and web platforms, enabling real-time disease diagnosis.
This approach offers an efficient, scalable, and user-friendly solution for farmers and agricultural experts, aiding in early disease detection and contributing to improved crop management and yield. Future work involves expanding the dataset, incorporating more plant species, and integrating the model with IoT devices for field application
Emergency Operations Center structures in public offices of emergency management
Authors: Loebach Peter , Chavez Jacki , De Souza Andrew
Published: December 2024

Emergency Operations Centers (EOCs) are locations from where activities are conducted in support of emergency incident response, including management of information flows/communications and coordination of strategic decision-making and activities across diverse communities and organizations. To date, knowledge is limited about practices involved in structuring and operating EOCs at public offices of emergency management (OEMs) and influencing factors. Through surveys and analysis of organizational documents, this study examines the models used by OEMs and the factors that influence the choice of models and organizational perception of the effectiveness of the employed models. Our results indicate that the emergency support function (ESF) model is the most commonly used, followed by a hybrid model, the incident command system model, and finally, the departmental structure and incident support model. We found no single model to be decisively superior; rather, different models are appropriate depending on personnel, resource availability, and the context of the jurisdiction. The ESF model, which is the most commonly utilized, appears to be difficult to employ effectively when organizations have limited access to trained personnel necessary for carrying out the range of functions specified in the model. In comparison, other models appear better suited to handle personnel constraints.