bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan limbah organik sebagai media tanam dan aplikasi urin ternak pada pembibitan kopi (Coffea arabica L.)
Authors: Rosniawaty Santi , Sudirja Rija , Hidayat Hendi
Published: May 2018

Produksi kopi ditentukan mulai dari awal pembudidayaannya. Pembibitan merupakan salah satu tahapan budidaya untuk menghasilkan bibit yang baik dan  akan menghasilkan tanaman yang berproduksi tinggi. Media tanam dan pemupukan merupakan salah satu hal penting dalam menghasilkan bibit yang baik.  Pemanfaatan limbah kulit buah kopi  dan serasah daun sebagai campuran media tanam serta penambahan urin kelinci dan urin sapi diharapkan dapat menghasilkan bibit kopi yang baik.  Percobaan telah di laksanakan pada bulan Februari-Mei 2014 Percobaan dilaksanakan di Balai Pengembangan Benih Tanaman Perkebunan (BPBTP) Sindanglaya Bandung  Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah kombinasi antara media menggunakan kompos daun atau  kompos kulit kopi  dengan konsentrasi urin kelinci, atau konsentrasi urin sapi.  Urin kelinci dan urin sapi difermentasikan terlebih dahulu sebelum digunakan.  Konsentrasi urin kelinci dan urin sapi sebesar 25 %.  Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok, terdapat 10 perlakuan yang di ulang 3 kali.  Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa Media tanah dan kompos kulit kopi (2:1 ataupun 3:1) dan urin kelinci berpengaruh baik pada tinggi tanaman, diameter batang dan jumlah daun.  Media tanah dan kompos daun  (3:1) dan urin kelinci  berpengaruh baik pada volume akar dan luas daun. Media tanah : kompos kulit buah kopi (2:1) dan Urin sapi hanya berpengaruh baik pada variabel tinggi tanamanKata kunci: kopi, urine sapi, urine kelinci
Pengaruh jarak tanam berbeda dan berbagai dosis pupuk kandang ayam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman hanjeli pulut (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) di dataran tinggi Punclut
Authors: Irwan Aep Wawan , Nurmala Tati , Nira Tia Dian
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana pengaruh jarak tanam yang berbeda dan berbagai dosis pupuk kandang ayam serta memperoleh salah satu kombinasi jarak tanam dengan dosis pupuk kandang ayam yang memberikan pengaruh terbaik pada pertumbuhan dan hasil hanjeli pulut. Percobaan dilaksanakan dari bulan Desember 2015 sampai bulan Mei 2016 di Punclut, Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung dengan ketinggian tempat mencapai  1095 m di atas permukaan laut, dengan tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim C2 menurut klasifikasi Oldeman. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 9 perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali, dengan perlakuan kombinasi jarak tanam 50 x 50 cm + 0 ton/ha pupuk kandang ayam,  50 x 50 cm + 1 ton/ha, 50 x 50 cm + 2 ton/ha, 75 x 50 cm + 0 ton/ha, 75 x 50 cm + 1 ton/ha, 75 x 50 cm + 2 ton/ha, 100 x 50 cm + 0 ton/ha, 100 x 50 cm + 1 ton/ha, dan 100 x 50 cm + 2 ton/ha. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jarak tanam berbeda dan pemberian berbagai dosis pupuk kandang ayam dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman hanjeli pulut. Perlakuan jarak tanam 75 x 50 cm dan 2 ton/ha pupuk kandang ayam dapat meningkatkan bobot biji per rumpun tanaman hanjeli pulut.Kata kunci:Jarak tanam, pupuk kandang ayam, hanjeli
Respons pertumbuhan dan hasil benih kentang G0 di dataran medium terhadap waktu dan cara aplikasi paklobutrazol
Authors: Azima Nuzula Suci , Nuraini Anne , Sumadi Sumadi , Hamdani Jajang Sauman
Published: May 2018

Aplikasi paklobutrazol pada penanaman kentang di dataran medium dapat mengurangi sintesis giberelin yang menyebabkan penurunan hasil kentang. Efektifitas paklobutrazol tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh konsentrasi, tetapi juga waktu dan cara aplikasinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh waktu dan cara aplikasi paklobutrazol yang memberikan pengaruh paling baik dalam meningkatkan hasil benih kentang G0 di dataran medium. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuannya terdiri dari waktu aplikasi paklobutrazol yaitu 28, 35 dan 42 HST (Hari Setelah Tanam) dan cara aplikasi paklobutrazol yaitu disemprot ke daun, disiram ke media tanam dan kombinasi antara penyemprotan ke daun dan penyiraman ke media tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh interaksi waktu dan cara aplikasi paklobutrazol terhadap bobot segar ubi per hektar. Aplikasi paklobutrazol pada 42 HST dengan kombinasi cara penyemprotan ke daun dan penyiraman ke media tanam menghasilkan bobot segar ubi 8,23 ton per hektar. Aplikasi paklobutrazol pada28 HST meningkatkan persentase stolon membentuk ubi dan aplikasi pada 42 HST meningkatkan jumlah ubi kelas S. Aplikasi paklobutrazol dengan cara penyiraman ke media tanam meningkatkan persentase stolon membentuk ubi dan jumlah ubi kelas S dan M.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Alami dan Sintetik terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Teh (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) Klon GMB 7 setelah Centering
Authors: Saefas Silfiya Amaliyana , Rosniawaty Santi , Maxiselly Yudithia
Published: May 2018

Tanaman teh merupakan tanaman tahunan yang memiliki organ target pucuk. Tanaman teh dapat ditingkatkan pertumbuhannya dengan  pemeliharaan berupa centering dan pemberian zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) sitokinin pada fase TBM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh alami atau sintetik yang berpengaruh paling baik terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman teh klon GMB 7 setelah centering. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan November 2016 sampai Maret 2017 di kebun percobaan Ciparanje, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menguji beberapa konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) sitokinin, yaitu air kelapa sebagai ZPT alami pada konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75% dan Benzil Amino Purin (BAP) sebagai ZPT sintetik pada konsentrasi 60 ppm, 90 ppm dan 120 ppm yang diaplikasikan pada tanaman teh klon GMB 7. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari 7 perlakuan yang diulang 4 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan zat pengatur tumbuh berupa BAP dengan dengan konsentrasi 60 ppm, 90 ppm dan 120 ppm memberikan hasil terbaik dalam pertambahan jumlah daun (4 MSP), sementara BAP kosentrasi 60 ppm dan 120 ppm memberikan hasil positif terhadap pertambahan jumlah tunas (4, 6, 10 dan 12 MSP).
Respons tanaman gandum akibat pemberian sitokinin berbagai konsentrasi dan waktu aplikasi di dataran medium Jatinangor
Authors: Wicaksono Fiky Yulianto , Putri Asyifa Fiani , Yuwariah Yuyun , Maxiselly Yudithia , Nurmala Tati
Published: May 2018

SariPertumbuhan dan hasil gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) diketahui dapat ditingkatkan dengan pemberian sitokinin. Sitokinin berperan juga dalam menunda penuaan daun gandum dan mengurangi cekaman panas di dataran medium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi berbagai konsentrasi sitokinin dengan berbagai waktu aplikasinya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman gandum. Penelitian menggunakan metode percobaan yang dilakukan di kebun percobaan Ciparanje Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang mulai bulan November 2016 sampai dengan Februari 2017. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok, sementara rancangan perlakuan adalah faktorial. Perlakuan terdiri dari dua faktor, yaitu konsentrasi sitokinin (3 taraf) dan waktu aplikasi (5 taraf). Semua perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh interaksi pada komponen panjang malai. Faktor konsentrasi sitokinin memberikan pengaruh mandiri pada jumlah gabah hampa, sementara waktu aplikasi memberikan pengaruh mandiri pada tinggi tanaman 6 minggu setelah tanam (MST), kandungan klorofil, dan jumlah gabah hampa. Panjang penyinaran yang pendek selama penelitian menyebabkan hasil tanaman tidak optimal. Penelitian lanjutan dapat dilakukan di panjang penyinaran ideal untuk memvalidasi penelitian ini. Kata kunci: gandum, sitokinin, konsentrasi, waktu aplikasi
Respons pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman hanjeli batu (Coix lacryma-jobi l.) akibat pupuk silika cair dan paclobutrazol
Authors: Nurmala Tati , Wahyudin Agus , Ruminta Ruminta
Published: May 2018

Abstrak. Hanjeli batu (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) merupakan salahsatu tanaman pangan alternatif yang memiliki banyak manfaat. Permasalahan utama tanaman ini adalah rendahnya produksi yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya ketersediaan unsur hara dan tinggi tanaman yang terlalu tinggi. Oleh karena itu dilakukan suatu upaya untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil hanjeli batu dengan pupuk silika cair dan paclobutrazol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi konsentrasi pupuk silika cair dan konsentrasi paclobutrazol yang memberikan pengaruh terbaik untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman hanjeli batu (Coix lacryma-jobi L.).Percobaan dilaksanakan di Desa Pasigaran, Kecamatan Tanjungsari, Kabupaten Sumedang, pada November 2016 sampai Mei 2017. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan sebelum aplikasi PBZ, serta9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan setelah aplikasi PBZ. Diberikan konsentrasi pupuksilika cair sebesar 20 ml/L, 30 ml/L, dan 40 ml/L, sementara konsentrasi paklobutrazol sebesar 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, dan 2000 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, Tidak terdapat interaksi pemberian konsentrasi perlakuan pupuk silika cair dan paclobutrazol terhadap komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil hanjeli batu. perlakuan paclobutrazol konsentrasi 1500 ppm dan 2000 ppm memberikan pengaruh mandiri terhadap jumlah srisip per rumpun, jumlah malai per rumpun, jumlah biji per rumpun dan nisbah pupus akar pada hanjeli batu.Kata kunci: Hanjeli (Coix lacryma-Jobi.L), paclobutrazol, pupuk silika cair.
Faktor yang mempengaruhi pembungaan pada mangga (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Fauzi Ardika Albi , Sutari Wawan , Nursuhud Nursuhud , Mubarok Syariful
Published: May 2018

Pada kegiatan produksi mangga, tahap pembungaan pada mangga menjadi salah satu penentu dalam produksi buah mangga. Sehingga tahap pembungaan merupakan bagian penting dalam kegiatan produksi. Pembungaan merupakan tahapan pertama dalam kegiatan produksi buah mangga (Mangifera indica L.) di setiap tahun. Perkembangan tanaman khususnya pembungaan bergantung pada beberapa faktor lingkungan dan internal dari tanaman mangga yang diusahakan. Pada daerah subtropis, faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi pembungaan ada faktor suhu. Suhu 18°C di siang hari dan 10°C di malam hari memicu perkembangan bunga di daerah tropis. Untuk daerah tropis, faktor suhu tidak sangat mempengaruhi terhadap pembungaan karena perubahan suhu tiap musimnya tidak terlalu tegas. Cekaman kekeringan umumnya dapat memicu pembungaan di daerah tropis. Dalam pembungaan mangga, terdapat adanya rangsangan yang disebut florigenic promoter (FP). Adapun pertumbuhan vegetatif dikendalikan oleh rangsangan induksi berupa vegetative promoter (VP). Fitohormon pun memiliki peran dalam pembungaan mangga. Fitohormon yang berperan dalam pembungaan antara lain auksin, sitokinin, etilen, dan giberelin. Adapun C/N rasio yang meningkat menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan karbohidrat yang tinggi dan mendukung inisiasi bunga. Adanya akumulasi karbohidrat pada bagian tajuk pada masa vegetatif akhir dapat memicu pembungaan.
Aplikasi chitosan untuk meningkatkan hasil benih kentang G0 (Solanum tuberosum l.) kultivar granola pada berbagai jenis media tanam
Authors: Nuraini Anne , Hamdani Jajang Sauman , Suminar Erni , Ardiansyah Dian
Published: May 2018

Salah satu kendala dalam produksi kentang di Indonesia adalah rendahnya mutu benih yang digunakan. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut penyediaan benih kentang dilakukan dengan kultur jaringan, dengan menghasilkan benih Go. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek aplikasi chitosan  terhadap hasil benih kentang G0 kultivar Granola pada berbagain jenis media tanam. Percobaan dilaksanakan dari  Februari 2012 sampai Mei 2012 di screen house Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje  Faperta UNPAD, Jatinangor, dengan ketinggian tempat ±750 m dpl. Percobaan memakai  Rancangan Petak Terbagi  dengan tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah komposisi  media tanam terdiri dari empat  taraf, yaitu tanah + sekam, tanah + sekam + pupuk kotoran hewan (kohe) ayam , tanah + sekam + pupuk kohe sapi , tanah + sekam + kascing dengan perbandingan 2:1:1. Anak petak adalah konsentrasi chitosan  terdiri dari empat taraf, yaitu 0%, 0,2 % , 0.4% , dan 0.6%. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh chitosan tidak bergantung pada jenis media terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil benih G0. Secara mandiri perlakuan pupuk kohe sapi dan kascing menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan hasil benih terbaik,Kata kunci :  chitosan, kotoran hewan sapi, kotoran hewan ayam, kascing, hasil benih
Peran konservasi tanah terhadap cadangan karbon tanah, bahan organik, dan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis jacq.)
Authors: Asbur Yenni , Ariyanti Mira
Published: May 2018

Penerapan konservasi tanah di perkebunan kelapa sawit dapat dilakukan secara vegetatif dan mekanik. Secara vegetatif dengan memanfaatkan tanaman yang banyak tumbuh di bawah tegakan kelapa sawit seperti Asystasia gangetica dan Nephrolepis biserrata sebagai tanaman penutup tanah, sedangkan secara mekanik dengan memotong panjang lereng melalui pembuatan teras gulud. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peran konservasi tanah terhadap cadangan karbon tanah, bahan organik, dan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari Agustus 2014-April 2015 di perkebunan kelapa sawit (tahun tanam 2005) PTPN VII, Lampung Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan tersarang faktorial dengan enam ulangan tersarang di dalam perlakuan. Perlakuan terdiri dari teras gulud (tanpa teras gulud; dengan teras gulud), dan tanaman penutup tanah (tanpa tanaman penutup tanah; N.biserrata; A.gangetica). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan konservasi tanah menggunakan tanaman penutup tanah dan teras gulud di perkebunan kelapa sawit meningkatkan cadangan karbon dan bahan organik tanah dibandingkan tanpa konservasi tanah, berturut-turut sebesar 4.44 t/ha dan 0.69% (N. biserrata tanpa teras gulud); 5.28 t/ha dan 0.83% (A. gangetica tanpa teras gulud); 7.04 t/ha dan 1.10% (teras gulud tanpa tanaman penutup tanah); 10.45 t/ha dan 1.64% (N. biserrata dengan teras gulud); 11.33 t/ha dan 1.78% (A. gangetica tanpa teras gulud). Penerapan konservasi tanah juga berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan kelapa sawit, terutama rataan panjang rachis dan jumlah pelepah sengkleh. Kata kunci : Nephrolepis biserrata, Asystasia gangetica, tanaman penutup tanah, teras gulud
Justiça e paz à luz do compêndio da Doutrina Social da Igreja
Authors: Santos Dom Airton José dos
Published: May 2018

Este artigo alinha-se com as contribuições, intervenções e reflexões motivadas pelo Colóquio “A Doutrina Social da Igreja: Ciência e Sociedade”, realizado pelo Núcleo de Fé e Cultura da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas. Considerando a temática expressa na designação do Colóquio, o artigo sintetiza a apresentação e incorpora algumas interpretações pontuais de elementos fundamentais do Compêndio da Doutrina Social da Igreja, em especial aqueles observados no Capítulo Quarto, item sétimo, que trata dos Valores Fundamentais da Vida Social.
A exposição dos animais na obra de Plínio o velho: exotismo e monstruosidade na Naturalis Historia
Authors: Vieira Ana Thereza Basilio
Published: May 2018

A catalogação e exaltação das conquistas romanas ao longo dos tempos é um dos pontos centrais na obra pliniana, que se apoia sobre um caráter primordial do autor: a curiosidade. Animais domésticos ou selvagens são constantemente citados por Plínio em sua Naturalis Historia, seja na parte reservada à zoologia, seja na farmacopeia ou mesmo na antropologia, haja vista que o homem também se insere na categoria animal. A descrição leva em conta critérios nítidos: contato, local, aspecto, tamanho, hábitos e utilidade para os romanos. Além disso, o exotismo e a monstruosidade – ou o estranhamento frente a uma espécie desconhecida – garantem ao autor um possível leitor desejoso de novos conhecimentos. Espetáculos, em âmbito público ou privado, são os melhores locais para a exibição das espécies, trazidas das zonas periféricas, que compõem o Império romano.
Notas a Arquíloco, Fr. 118 & 119 IEG2
Authors: Corrêa Paula Cunha
Published: May 2018

Nestes comentários aos fragmentos 118 e 119 IEG de Arquíloco, são examinados os textos, as traduções e fortunas críticas, com destaque para a imagem bélica em 119 IEG que é transposta de um contexto marcial para um amatório.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Methadone Syrup
Authors: Aghabiklooei Abbas , Shadnia Shahin , Hassanian-Moghaddam Hossein , Zamani Nasim
Published: May 2018

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to methadone (MTD) toxicity is a known but rather uncommon phenomenon. In most of the previously reported cases of MTD-related ARDS, MTD was ingested orally in the form of tablets in high or unknown amounts. Despite the findings from the available literature, this case report is aimed at demonstrating that even small amounts of MTD syrup can cause ARDS earlier than it is usually expected. We present a non-addicted MTD-overdosed patient who developed ARDS after ingesting a very small amount of MTD syrup. We suggest close monitoring of MTD-overdosed patients from at least 48 h to 72 h for possible respiratory complications such as pulmonary oedema.
PRILOG POVIJESTI SUDSKE MEDICINE I MRTVOZORSTVA U GRADU BJELOVARU
Authors: Habek Dubravko
Published: May 2018

Sažetak

U radu je kroz primjere iz povijesnih izvora dan povijesni pregled razvoja sudske medicine i mrtvozorstva u gradu Bjelovaru u protekla dva stoljeća. Razvoj sudske medicine i mrtvozorstva u kontekstu javnoga zdravstva bio je ozakonjen brojnim pravilnicima, među kojima i javnozdravstvenom uredbom Normativum Sanitatum, koja se primjenjivala u svim dijelovima tadašnje carevine Habsburške Monarhije, pa tako i u gradu Bjelovaru od njegova osnutka. Mrtvozorstva su obavljali liječnici, kirurzi i laici za koje su postojale posebne upute, od kojih je u bjelovarskom kraju poznata javnozdravstvena knjižica Vilima pl. Peičića, županijskoga fizika iz Bjelovara iz 1914. godine. Sudskomedicinske obdukcije obavljali su kirurzi, primarni ili sekundarni bolnički liječnici u slučaju iznenadnih ili sumnjivih smrti u bolnici, a izvanbolničke sudske obdukcije obavljali su županijski ili gradski fizici te kotarski liječnici na zahtjev istražnih ustanova (policije, suda, državnoga odvjetništva).

Ovaj je povijesni pregled osnova za nastavak daljnjih medikohistoriografskih istraživanja u Hrvatskoj, kojima bi se trebao dobiti cjeloviti uvid razvoja sudske medicine i mrtvozorstva kao dviju struka koje su važan segment u djelovanju javnoga zdravstva.
The Topos of the Mound in Samuel Beckett’s Writing
Authors: Habibi Reza
Published: May 2018

This essay aims to bring to the fore the varied and broad valences of the ‘mound’ in Beckett’s oeuvre. In my reading, the mound functions as a profuse, multi-purpose symbol, that coalesces into a variety of topoi indicative of Mother Earth, that figure in the thighs, the nipples, the pubis/pubic area and bones, ruins, ants, birth, fetus, and elemental maternal death. I embarked upon the present study before the commencement of the Beckett Digital Manuscript Project, a collaborative project between the Centre for Manuscript Genetics at the University of Antwerp, the Beckett International Foundation, the University of Reading and Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, the University of Texas at Austin. Valorising the author’s editing, additions, notes and comments provided by the upcoming digitalized manuscripts of Beckett in 2014 and 2015, I expect to contribute to the work in progress, and to the corpus of Beckett studies in general, especially those approaching his bilingual works. It is my contention that the frequency of certain terms, the diagrams that Beckett included in some of his letters (as is the case of the mound in Happy Days), shed significant light on the nature of his symbolism.
Thrombelastography and Thrombelastometry
Authors: Duraj Lukas , Stasko J. , Hasko M. , Fedor M. , Chudy P. , Sokol J. , Limonova R. , Skornova I. , Danko J. , Kubisz P.
Published: May 2018

The term thrombelastography / thrombelastometry was used to describe the trace produced from measurement of the viscoelastic changes associated with fibrin polymerization. The result of measurement is a compact mapping of the various stages of haemostasis. One of the first real clinical applications of this method was the haemostatic monitoring of liver transplantation and cardiac surgery using extracorporeal circulation. In trauma patients the thrombelastography /thrombelastometry was proved to predict early transfusion requirements. Another authors suggest thrombelastography /thrombelastometry as a possible tool for early identification of pregnant women at increased risk of fetal loss. This article provides overview on the development of thrombelastography / trombelastometry and its possible use in laboratory of haemostasis.
Role of VASP Phosphorylation Assay in Monitoring the Antiplatelet Therapy
Authors: Fedor Marian , Simonova R. , Fedorova J. , Skornova I. , Duraj L. , Samos M. , Stasko J. , Kovar F. , Mokan M. , Kubisz P.
Published: May 2018

Dual antiplatelet treatment with clopidogrel and aspirin represents standard regimen in prevention of thromboembolic events in patients with ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). One of the greatest pitfalls of clopidogrel treatment is large inter-individual variability in response. Large amount of patients does not respond adequately and therefore are not „protected“ even in spite of receiving the therapy. Poor responders are exposed to three-fold increased risk of myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and cardiac death.

Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet prodrug, whose active metabolite inhibits platelet function by irreversible binding to the (adenosine diphosphate) platelet receptor P2Y12. Receptor P2Y12 plays primal role in ADP-mediated platelet activation, and also in mechanism of action of ADP inhibitors such as clopidogrel, prasugrel etc. Reasons stated above, raised the necessity for implementing reliable laboratory test in order to identify the unprotected patients. In an ideal scenario, such test would serve to adjust the dose and guide the individual tailored treatment.

Vasodilator Stimulated Phosphoprotein (VASP) is an intracellular platelet protein which is non phosphorylated at basal state. Since its relation in cascade with P2Y12 receptor, VASP phosphorylation corerlates with inhibition of P2Y12 which is the receptor of prime importance in ADP mediated activation of platelets and as is primary target of ADP inhibitors action. Outcome of the assay is represented as the value of platelet reactivity index (PRI), where PRI values above 50% are considered inadequate response to treatment and signal exposure to increased risk of myocardial infarction, post-PCI stent thrombosis and cardiac death. VASP-P flow cytometric assay is emerging into the spotlight as the promising method, mostly for its specificity for ADP inhibitors, better outlook for standardising results and lesser sample manipulation compared to multiple electrode aggregometry.
Expression of E2 (Gp 55) Glycoprotein of Classical Swine Fever Virus in Lymphoid Tissue and Brain of Experimentally Infected Piglets with Different Immunological Status
Authors: Polaček Vladimir , Prodanov-Radulović Jasna , Došen Radoslav , Petrović Tamaš , Becskei Zsolt , Aleksić-Kovačević Sanja
Published: May 2018

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious viral disease of domestic swine and wild boars. The aim of the study was to examine samples of lymphoid tissues and brain for the presence of Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV) antigen in piglets that originate from vaccinated and unvaccinated sows, in order to compare the intensity of pathological lesions in conditions of different immunological status. A total of 20 crossbreed piglets of both sexes, aged 45 days were divided in three groups (G1, G2 and G3). Piglets of G1 originated from sows vaccinated with a live vaccine containing attenuated C strain CSFV. Piglets of G2 originated from unvaccinated sows. Two piglets of G3 originated from vaccinated and two piglets from unvaccinated sows and they served as the control group. All the piglets from G1 and G2 were intramuscularly inoculated with 2×105 TCDI/50 of CSFV, Baker strain and they died by the 22nd day post inoculation. Immunohistochemistry was applied for immunolabeling E2 (gp55) glycoprotein of CSFV in the tonsils, mandibular lymph nodes, ileocecal valve and brain of all tested piglets. Differences were observed in the severity of lesions in the lymphoid tissue and the brain between G1 and G2 piglets. The present level of colostral antibodies was not able to protect piglets in G1 from the fatal outcome of the disease. Among others, this finding may also have an impact on vaccination policy in the future. Having in mind that vaccination of all domestic pigs with attenuated C-strain vaccine is still a mandatory control measure for CSF in Serbia, soon a non-vaccination policy should be harmonized with EU directives.
Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Studies on Salmonella Enterica Subspecies Enterica Serovar Infantis Isolated in Human Cases and Broiler Carcasses
Authors: Rašeta Mladen , Teodorović Vlado , Bunčić Olivera , Katić Vera , Branković Lazić Ivana , Polaček Vladimir , Vidanović Dejan
Published: May 2018

During the year 2012 a study was conducted on the hygiene of the production of broiler carcasses at three abattoirs in the Republic of Serbia. A total of 150 samples of broiler neck skin were examined and 17 salmonella isolates were recorded. Isolates were, by using the corresponding monovalent and polyvalent sera, determined according to type as Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Infantis (S. Infantis 6, 7, r, 1, 5). In the case of the disease in humans, 5 Salmonella samples of identical serovars were isolated. After that, 22 samples were tested for antibiotic resistance by the disk diffusion test. Isolates showed resistance to ampicillin and nalidixic acid (95.5%), tetracycline (91%), cefotaxime/clavulanic acid (68.2%), but not to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The degree of genetic similarity of isolates from diseased humans and broiler carcasses was determined at a molecular level. Cluster analysis revealed the presence of 7 profiles, while all isolates have 92% genetic similarity. Although there are differences in the antimicrobial resistance of isolates originating from diseased humans and neck skin of tested broilers, can not be excluded an epidemiological link, because in the dominant genotype SINFXB0001, established in 8 isolates from diseased humans (3 isolates), and the neck skin of broilers (5 isolates), a genetic similarity of 100% was recorded. Based on these results, the presence of S. Infantis on broiler carcasses can be considered a hazard to human health.
Clinical Observations and Safety Profile of Oral Herbal Products, Souroubea and Platanus Spp; a Pilot-Toxicology Study in Dogs
Authors: Villalobos Pedro , Baker John , Sanchez Vindas Pablo , Durst Tony , Masic Aleksandar , Arnason John T.
Published: May 2018

This pilot-study evaluated the toxicity and safety profile of two herbal products Souroubea spp Botanical Blend (SSBB) and Platanus Tree Bark (PTB) after oral administration to dogs at elevated doses for 28 days. SSBB and PTB botanicals are the major active ingredients of Sin Susto™, a novel natural product for the treatment of anxiety in dogs. Three healthy female dogs were administered elevated doses of either SSBB, PTB or a placebo and then monitored for the occurrence of any systemic and local adverse events. Data from this pilot-study revealed that SSBB and PTB had no untoward effects on the health of dogs and were deemed safe which enabled the design and execution of a larger controlled target safety and toxicology study for Sin Susto™.
Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy in Detection of Myocardial Ischemia and Therapy Planning in Early Stages of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Stević Miloš , Vlajković Marina , Koraćević Goran , Kocić Radivoj , Rajić Milena , Ilić Slobodan
Published: May 2018

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) develop complications including coronary artery disease (CAD), which is the leading cause of mortality in this group of patients. One of the diagnostic modalities for early detection of myocardial ischemia in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with DM is myocardial perfusion tomography (MPI).

The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of MPI in detection of myocardial ischemia in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in early stages of DM.

Thirty-four patients with DM, aged from 24 to 65 years, nine women and fifteen men were examined. Thirteen patients were CAD symptomatic, and 21 were asymptomatic. MPI was performed through a standard two-day protocol, and findings were categorized as normal perfusion, reversible perfusion defect (ischemia), and fixed perfusion defect (scar). Patients with ischemia were elected for coronary angiography (CAG). MPI and CAG findings were statistically analyzed.

Fifteen (44,12%) patients had normal left ventricle perfusion, while 19 (55,88%) patients had perfusion defects. Scar was found in one patient, and ischemia in 18 patients. CAG showed stenosis of coronary artery in 7 (36,84%) of 19 patients with perfusion defects on MPI. Statistical analysis showed no correlation between MPI ischemia and stenosis on CAG.

Discrepancy between ischemia on MPI and CAG presentations of epicardial coronary arteries is related to endothelial dysfunction rather than atherosclerosis. These patients benefit more from pharmacological therapy than from revascularization. MPI and CAG should be reserved for individuals with high risk of CAD.
The sensibility of resistance sensor structures with graphene to the action of selected gaseous media
Authors: Pustelny T. , Setkiewicz M. , Drewniak S. , Maciak E. , Stolarczyk A. , Urbańczyk M. , Procek M. , Gut K. , Opilski Z. , Pasternak I. , Strupinski W.
Published: May 2018

The paper presents resistance sensor structures with a graphene sensing layer. The structures were tested concerning their sensitivity to the affects of hydrogen, nitrogen dioxide and steam in an atmosphere of a synthetic air. Investigations have proved that resistance structures with a graphene layer are sensitive to the presence of the tested gases. The resistance of the structures amounted to about 10, whereas changes in the resistances affected by the external gaseous medium were contained within the range of a several m. The investigations confirmed that the resistance structures with graphene exposed to the affect of hydrogen in atmosphere of synthetic air change their resistances practically at once (within the order of only a few seconds). This indicates that such structures might be practically applied in sensors of hydrogen ensuring a short time of response.
Hybridization of the lithium energy storage for an urban electric vehicle
Authors: Michalczuk M. , Grzesiak L.M. , Ufnalski B.
Published: May 2018

This paper discusses benefits of introducing an ultracapacitor (UC) bank into a battery electric vehicle (BEV) powertrain. The case of 12kWh LiFePO4 battery pack is studied quantitatively. Simulation results refer, inter alia, to three main scenarios: fresh cells, half-used battery cells, and half-used ultracapacitors and batteries. Thermal modeling is incorporated into the simulation. Data from real world are considered: various driving cycles recorded using GPS receiver (incl. elevation), discharge curves from battery manufacturer, and UC equivalent series resistance (ESR) variations due to cycling according to real data reported in papers. Cost, as well as gravimetric and volumetric issues are presented. The key decisions referring to an energy storage for BEV being currently designed within the frame of ECO-Mobility Project are highlighted.
Stability analysis for discrete-time fractional-order LTI state-space systems. Part II: New stability criterion for FD-based systems
Authors: Stanisławski R. , Latawiec K.J.
Published: May 2018

This paper presents a series of new results on the asymptotic stability of discrete-time fractional difference (FD) state space systems and their finite-memory approximations called finite FD (FFD) and normalized FFD (NFFD) systems. In Part I of the paper, new necessary and sufficient stability conditions have been given in a unified form for FD, FFD and NFFD-based systems. Part II offers a new, simple, ultimate stability criterion for FD-based systems. This gives rise to the introduction of new definitions of the so-called f-poles and f-zeros for FD-based systems, which are used in the closed-loop stability analysis for FD-based systems and, approximately, for FFD/NFFD-based ones
Realization of controlled NOT quantum gate via control of a two spin system
Authors: Twardy M. , Olszewski D.
Published: May 2018

Physical realization of controlled NOT quantum gate is addressed as a control problem for the system of two interacting spins. The control is carried out by magnetic pulses acting on the spins. The shapes of the appropriate magnetic pulses are computed
Method for stabilogram characterization using angular-segment function
Authors: Fiołka J. , Kidoń Z.
Published: May 2018

This paper presents a new approach to descriptions of stabilograms. In the proposed method, a one-dimensional angular-segment function is generated from the stabilographic trajectory data. This allows to reduce the data dimensionality and makes the analysis easier. Moreover, three methods of angular-segment function parameterization are also presented in this study. The obtained results confirm the usefulness of the proposed parameters for medical diagnoses.
Material symmetry: a key to specification of interatomic potentials
Authors: Nalepka K.
Published: May 2018

The paper shows that symmetry forms a basis for relations between different properties of material. In this way, the key quantities for specification of an atomistic model are identified. Material symmetry distinguishes representative processes of small strains. It is proved that the errors in the densities of the energies stored in these processes determine the range of inaccuracies with which an atomistic model recreates processes of small deformations. The errors are equal to the inaccuracies in the eigenvalues of the elasticity tensor, that is in the Kelvin moduli. For cubic crystals, the elementary processes indicated by the symmetry initiate the key paths of large deformations: Bain and trigonal ones. Therefore, the substantial errors in the Kelvin moduli lead to incorrect reconstructing the metastable phases: bcc, sc and bct. The elastic constants commonly used in the literature do not provide such information as the Kelvin moduli. Using the eigenvalues of the elasticity tensor as well as other key properties indicated by the symmetry, the EAM model proposed by A.F. Voter for copper is specified. The obtained potential more accurately reproduces small and large deformations and additionally, correctly describes defect formation as well as Cu dimer properties
Performance analysis of regularization algorithms used for image reconstruction in computed tomography
Authors: Wysoczański D. , Mroczka J. , Polak A.G.
Published: May 2018

Computed tomography is one of the most significant diagnostic techniques in medicine. This work is focused on hard-field imaging, where signals take a form of straight rays and the reconstructed image can be presented as a matrix with unknown pixels. Algebraic methods for direct computation of the image have not been used in practice because of the scale of the problem and numerical errors appearing in the solution. The aim of this work was to analyse the performance of direct algebraic algorithms for tomographic image reconstruction including regularisation mechanism such as: generalised regularisation, Tikhonov regularisation, Twomey regularisation and ridge regression (RR), as well as comparing the results with the filtered backprojection (FBP) as the reference method. The performed analyses demonstrated that the regularised algebraic methods are more accurate than the commonly used FBP, and RR appeared the most precise among them. Additionally it was shown that the invariant system matrix (inverted during calculations) can be easily determined by solving the forward problem. Finally, potential directions of further research have been pointed out.
Study on coal microstructure for porosity levels assessment
Authors: Miedzińska D. , Niezgoda T. , Małek E. , Zasada D.
Published: May 2018

The problem of methane existence in coal beds has been known for many years. It was and still it is a danger to coalminers. The aim of the research, presented in the paper, is to show and assess the porosity structure (especially micro and nanoporosity) in accordance to the dimensions of carbon dioxide particle. The characteristic surface morphology of the sample and the disclosure of the carbon porous structure have been obtained using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The presented study of the coal microstructure is a part of the coal demethanation method with the use of liquid CO2, that has been proposed by the Military University of Technology.
gC-Studio – the environment for automated filter design
Authors: Katarzynski P. , Melosik M. , Handkiewicz A.
Published: May 2018

The paper presents the idea of software suite integrating the tools supporting the analog filter design. It uses the prototype circuits that are composed of gyrators and capacitors. The essential, behavioral parameters are characterised for the filtering structures. The basic assumptions formulated before the implementation are also mentioned. The structure of the software suite is discussed, its functional properties and the implementation issues are mentioned. The resulting software brings the automation of designing SISO filters as well as the filter pairs. In the proposed solution the VHDL-AMS language is assumed as the formal method of hardware description.
Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Game Animals from Poland
Authors: Niewiadowska Alicja , Kiljanek Tomasz , Semeniuk Stanisław , Żmudzki Jan
Published: May 2018

The occurrence and concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in 141 adipose tissue samples of wild boars, roe deer, and red deer from different regions of the country, collected in 2010/2011. The determinations of HCH isomers (α-, β-, and γ-HCH), HCB, DDTs (p,p’-DDT, o,p’-DDT, p,p’-DDE, and p,p’-DDD), and PCBs (six indicator PCB congeners 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, and 180) were carried out using the capillary gas chromatography. The mean concentrations of DDTs expressed on the fat basis ranged from 0.241 mg/kg (wild boar) to 0.032 mg/kg (red deer), and for PCBs from 0.015 mg/kg (wild boar) to 0.010 mg/kg (roe deer). The mean contribution of p,p’-DDE to DDTs and PCB 153, PCB 138, and PCB 180 to PCBs exceeded 80% and 90% respectively, in all game animal samples studied. Higher contents of chlorinated hydrocarbons were detected in game animals originating from industrial regions.
High-Energy Diet at Antepartum Decreases Insulin Receptor Gene Expression in Adipose Tissue of Postpartum Dairy Cows
Authors: Zhang Zhigang , Wang Jianguo , Gao Ruifeng , Zhang Weiqian , Li Xinwei , Liu Guowen , Li Xiaobing , Wang Zhe , Zhu Xinglin
Published: May 2018

The objective of the study was to determine expression of gene of insulin receptor (INSR) in adipose tissue of postpartum dairy cows fed diets containing different amounts of energy at the antepartum period. Healthy pregnant dairy cows (n=45) on 21st d of the antepartum were divided into three groups differing in diet composition, namely: control group fed a normal diet, high energy group fed a high energy diet, and low energy group fed a low energy diet. Twenty-one days after parturition, INSR gene expression in adipose tissue was determined by internally controlled reverse transcriptase PCR. The level of INSR mRNA in adipose tissues of cows fed the high energy diet was substantially lower than that in cows fed normal or low energy diets. A relatively higher level of INSR mRNA in the adipose tissue of cows fed low energy diet may be beneficial for gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis, which can relieve an energy negative balance. Reduced level of INSR mRNA in adipose tissue of cows fed high energy diet indicates that the response to insulin has significantly decreased.
Application of Hyaluronic Acid Sodium Salt and Vitamin C in the Therapy of Dogs with Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy
Authors: Aleksiewicz Roman , Lutnicki Krzysztof , Komsta Renata , Kostro Krzysztof
Published: May 2018

Radiographic examination of the distal radius and ulna of dogs showed changes in metaphyseal areas of both bones characteristic of hypertrophic osteodystrophy (HOD). The serum of the patients showed increased activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) and elevated concentrations of Ca and P. Oral application of vitamin C and injection of sodium salt of hyaluronic acid in the bolus caused a reduction in swelling, disappearance of pain symptoms around the joints, and increased appetite. Radiographic examinations performed on the 60th d of treatment revealed the withdrawal of the changes characteristic for HOD. The chosen biochemical parameters tested during the treatment showed a decrease in comparison to the values before treatment, namely: ALKP by 27.7%, Ca by 22.2%, P by 12.3%, and Mg by 2.4%. Clinical condition of the animals was defined as good or very good. The use of hyaluronic acid and vitamin C in the treatment of HOD in the first stage of the disease proved to be highly successful, resulting in the inhibition of the disease course.
Effect of Exogenous Proteases on the Spermiogram and Microscopic and Macroscopic Characteristics of Boar Ejaculate
Authors: Zielonka Łukasz , Przewoski Włodzimierz , Gajęcka Magdalena , Jakimiuk Ewa , Gajęcki Maciej
Published: May 2018

A growing interest in enzymatic growth promoters prompted the authors of the study to investigate the effects of a stimulating enzymatic complex on ejaculate characteristics of boars. The enzymatic complex comprising five proteases (proteinases - endopeptidases) and two peptidases (exopeptidases) was obtained by fermentation from Streptomyces fradiae. This complex was added to boar diets for 3 months at the initial doses of 90 (group E1) and 120 (group E2) g/ton of feed in the first week, followed by 40 and 60 g/ton, respectively, in the following weeks. Evaluation was based on the assessment of key ejaculate characteristics (volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, primary and secondary sperm defects). The enzymatic complex improved the microscopic and macroscopic characteristics of boar ejaculate by increasing sperm concentrations and total sperm counts, and decreasing the volume of the analysed ejaculates without significant changes in the spermiograms of primary and secondary defects.
Spectrophotometric Analysis of the Resazurin Reduction Test as a Tool for Assessing Canine Semen Quality
Authors: Strzeżek Rafał , Filipowicz Krystyna , Stańczak Marta , Kordan Władysław
Published: May 2018

The resazurin reduction test (RRT) was subjected to spectrophotometric analysis to evaluate the quality of canine semen. Twenty four samples of canine semen were analysed. The absorption peaks for resazurin and resorufin were determined at 615 and 580 nm, respectively. The RRT ratio (RRTsperm-the ratio for samples containing spermatozoa, RRTplasma-the ratio for samples containing seminal plasma) was calculated by dividing the absorbance at 580 nm by the absorbance at 615 nm. Spearman’s correlation test was used to determine the significance of correlations between the analysed sperm parameters and the results of the resazurin reduction assay. The RRT ratio was highly correlated with sperm motility (r=0.68, P<0.01), progressive sperm motility (r=0.61, P<0.01), the subpopulation of cells with rapid velocity (r=0.72, P<0.01), and the subpopulation of cells with medium velocity (r= -0.54, P<0.05). A negative correlation was observed between the reducing capacity of seminal plasma vs. sperm with plasma membrane integrity (r= -0.60, P<0.01) and sperm with normal morphology (r= -0.58, P<0.01). The RRT test can be used as an additional tool for evaluation of the quality of canine semen.
Conditions And Prospects For Development Of Innovation In EU Economies In Light Of The Europe 2020 Strategy
Authors: Dworak Edyta , Kasperkiewicz Witold
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this paper is to explain the essence of the Europe 2020 Strategy, with particular emphasis on development projects in the field of innovation;to assess the level of innovation in the EU economies in comparison to the U.S., Japan and South Korea, and to describe the conditions for the development of the EU economic area in light of the Strategy program objectives. The paper consists of three parts. The first part outlines the essence and objectives of the Europe 2020 Strategy. The second part contains an analysis of the level of innovativeness of the EU economies compared with U.S., Japan and South Korea. The third part focuses on the conditions and prospects for the development of innovative economies in the European Union.
Changes In The Rules For Granting State Aid To Enterprises In The European Union
Authors: Stąpniak-Kucharska Anna
Published: May 2018

The point of departure of EU State aid policy is laid down in the Treaty establishing the European Community (hereinafter the “Treaty”). This Treaty provides that State aid is, in principle, incompatible with the common market. However, the principle of incompatibility does not amount to a full-scale prohibition. In the EU countries state aid is permissible to promote the economic development (of areas where the standard of living is abnormally low or where there is serious underemployment) and to facilitate the development of certain economic activities or certain economic areas (where such aid does not adversely affect trading conditions contrary to the common interest). The provisions of the 2000 Lisbon Strategy and the “Europe 2020” Strategy are also important in determining the directions of state aid in the European Union. According to their assumptions the member countries have been required to: reduce the level of aid relative to GDP; reduce state aid which decreases competition; reorient sectoral aid to horizontal and regional aid; and change the forms of state aid-from passive to active instruments. The purpose of this paper is to present the directions of allocation of state aid in the EU countries during 2000-2011, and answer the question whether the resolutions contained in the Lisbon Strategy have been implemented. The research hypothesis is: have the changes in the size, direction and allocation of state aid taken place in accordance with the resolutions of the Lisbon Strategy.
The determination of Schumann resonance mode frequencies using iterative procedure of complex demodulation
Authors: Ondrášková Adriena , Ševčík Sebastian
Published: May 2018

The more precise determination of instantaneous peak frequency of Schumann resonance (SR) modes, especially based on relatively short signal sequences, seems to be important for detailed analysis of SR modal frequencies variations. Contrary to commonly used method of obtaining modal frequencies by Lorentzian fitting of DFT spectra, the attempt was made to employ the complex demodulation method in iterated form. The results for SR signals contaminated with low-frequency noise and hum in various degree as well as the comparison with standard method are presented. Real signals of vertical electric field component picked up at the Astronomical and Geophysical Observatory of Comenius University at Modra, Slovakia, were the primary sources.