bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Padi Organik (Studi Kasus : Gapoktan Sumber Makmur, Kabupaten Oku Timur Sumatera Selatan)
Authors: Tyas Wening , Baga Lukman M. , Kilat Adhi Andriyono
Published: December 2022

Organic rice has a good opportunity to be developed because consumers will get health benefits, while producers get better profits because of the higher selling price. The purpose of this research was to develop a development strategy in the organic rice business at Sumber Makmur Gapoktan which is the center for organic rice production in South Sumatra. This study identified internal and external factors, formulated alternative strategies using SWOT, then continued with hierarchical arrangement using AHP. The results of the internal and external analysis showed that gapoktan has nine strengths, five weaknesses, five opportunities and five threats. Products that have been organic certified become the most important subfactor of strength; land area is decreasing as the most important subfactor of weakness; wide open market as the most important subfactor of opportunity; while the presence of pest attacks (wereng) as the most important subfactor of threat. The priority strategy that can be implemented in the development of an organic rice business is based on the results of AHP analysis, namely collaborating with other institutions to expand marketing network.
RISCOS DAS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors:   , Oliveira Júnior José de
Published: December 2022

O objetivo do trabalho é examinar os riscos das tecnologias digitais aplicadas à prática educacional. Propõe categorias de riscos que podem auxiliar na compreensão de problemas como possíveis ameaças ou incertezas, e que podem ser objeto de metodologias adequadas de análise como fundamento para estabelecer mecanismos de avaliação, controle e mitigação. Discute se cabe a educação - enquanto corpo de conhecimentos científicos –compreender e atuar sobre possíveis ameaças que as novas tecnologias agregam ao seu objeto. Parte de um método comparativo, multidisciplinar e fundamentado em levantamento bibliográfico, remetendo o conceito de risco aplicado na gestão de organizações para sugerir como categorias de apreciação para os educadores: os riscos globais da pós modernidade; as ameaças ao trabalho e emprego, o novo universo multicultural; a inteligência artificial e inovações recentes; a concentração do mercado de tecnologia; a concentração do mercado educacional; o ensino digital; a segurança tecnológica e os riscos à saúde e individualidade. Conclui pela importância do tema e da urgência de estudos aprofundados sobre os riscos das tecnologias digitais na prática educacional.
Applying In-Situ Radiography to Study Porosity Formation in Aluminum Welds
Authors:   American Welding Society, BARRAZA ALEXYIA M. , CROSS CARL EDWARD , STULL CHRISTOPHER JASON , MARTINEZ JESSE N. , FINK CAROLIN
Published: December 2022

In-situ radiographic aluminum welding experiments were set up to observe the porosity formation and movement in aluminum weld pools. Aluminum Alloys 1100, 4047, and 6061 were autogenously gas tungsten arc welded while digitally recording radiograph images of macropores. Hydrogen was added in controlled parts per million through an argon-hydrogen shielding gas. The shielding gas hydrogen varied between 0 and 1000 parts per million of hydrogen, and three travel speeds were tested: 1.69, 2.54, and 3.39 mm/s. The transfer of hydrogen from the arc plasma to the weld pool was characterized using postweld gravimetric measurements to get the total pore volume and calculate weld metal hydrogen content. The amount of hydrogen added through the shielding gas played an important role in macropore volume and growth rate. Welding travel speed likewise played a critical role in hydrogen pickup. Alloy 1100 macropores originated at the bottom of the weld pool and then migrated upward toward the rear of the pool. Macropores in Alloys 4047 and 6061 originated at the leading edge of the weld pool and then moved downward and toward the rear of the pool. It is hypothesized that this difference in behavior is related to Marangoni-controlled fluid flow in Alloys 4047 and 6061.
The effectiveness of biofilm formation of daily cultures of clinically significant strains of opportunistic bacteria
Authors: Sitnikova K. O. , Nemchenko U. M. , Voropaeva N. M. , Grigorova E. V. , Savilov E. D. , Markova Yu. A. , Belkova N. L.
Published: December 2022

Background. The formation of biofilm structures by microorganisms living in the hospital environment is a serious medical problem. To conduct correct experimental studies, it is necessary to know the speed and efficiency of biofilm formation by clinically significant species of opportunistic bacteria.   Aim: to study the kinetics of plankton culture growth and the rate of biofilm formation by clinically significant pathogens of infections associated with medical care to substantiate the methodology of further research.   Materials and methods. The strains from the working collection of the Laboratory for Microbiome and Microecology of the Scientific Сentre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems were used. Experiments were carried out with conditionally pathogenic microorganisms of the Enterobacteriaceae family and non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria. The optical density was measured, the total microbial number of the cell suspension was determined, and the morphological structure of the biofilm was evaluated using a light microscope on sterile cover glasses for thespecies Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens.   Results. The duration of the lag phase of the kinetic curve of cell growth varied in isolates of S. marcescens, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae from 1 to 4 and 6 hours of cultivation, respectively. Despite this, the exponential growth phase was the same for all tested isolates and amounted to 4 hours. Thus, isolates of clinically significant species entered the stationary growth phase after 5–10 hours of cultivation and were characterized as fast-growing. On abiotic surfaces, after 8 hours of incubation of the tested cultures, the initial stages of the formation of biofilm structures were observed, after 20 hours the formed multilayer biofilm was visualized, after 24 hours succession occurred, new single cells were attached to the place of the detached structures.   Conclusion. The data obtained on the duration of the main stages of growth kinetics compared with the visualization of the formation of biofilm structures on abiotic surfaces should be taken into account when studying the effects of disinfectants, antiseptics and antibacterial drugs on planktonic cells and biofilm associations of clinically significant opportunistic microorganisms.
Seroplrevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia sp. among people affected by tick bites
Authors: Liapunova N. A. , Khasnatinov M. A. , Danchinova G. A.
Published: December 2022

Background. In spring and summer, the population of the Baikal region regularly comes into contact with the pathogens transmitted through the bites of ixodid ticks. In the Center for Diagnosis and Prevention of Tick-Borne Infections (Irkutsk, Russian Federation), we annually detect anaplasmas of the Anaplasma phagocytophilum species, as well as Ehrlichia chaffeensis/E. muris in both ixodid ticks and blood samples from people who have been bitten by ticks. At the same time, there are no data in open sources on the incidence of human granulocytic anaplasmosis and human monocytic ehrlichiosis in the Baikal region. Currently, there is very little information on the studies of intensity of the immune response to anaplasmas and ehrlichia in people living in the surveyed area, although this information is critical for assessing the frequency of contacts and the risk of infection of people in a territory endemic for tick-borne infections.   The aim. To update information on the presence and prevalence of specific immunoglobulins M and G to A. phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia sp. among the population of the Irkutsk Region affected by tick bites.   Materials and methods. In total, 204 samples of blood serum from the residents of the Irkutsk Region who were registered to be bitten by ticks were analyzed for the presence of IgM and IgG to human monocytic ehrlichiosis and human granulocytic anaplasmosis agents.   Results. IgG to A. phagocytophilum were found in 9 samples, IgG to E. chaffeensis/E. muris – in 1 sample; no IgM to both pathogens were found in any sample.   Conclusions. The results obtained indicate regular infection of the population with anaplasmas and ehrlichia which is a testifies to the existence of active natural foci of human monocytic ehrlichiosis and human granulocytic anaplasmosis in the Baikal region. To clarify the real epidemic role of these infections, a detailed study of the immune status is required both among healthy individuals and among patients with symptoms of an infectious disease.
Interrelation of individual-personal qualities and dynamics of functional states participants of the sea Arctic expedition
Authors: Tunkina M. A. , Korneeva Ya. A. , Simonova N. N. , Trofimova A. A.
Published: December 2022

The issues of psychological adaptation of a person to the extreme conditions of the Arctic continue to be relevant at the present time. Dynamic monitoring of human functional states is an effective technology that allows timely identification of the level of human adaptation to the conditions of the North and implementation of preventive measures to maintain health in extreme working conditions.   The aim of the study is to identify and describe the relationship of individual-personal qualities and the dynamics of the functional states of the participants of the marine Arctic expedition.   Methods. Psychophysiological testing using the device UPFT-1/30-«Psychophysiolog» (variational cardiointervalometry, complex visual-motor reaction); color preference test (M. Luscher, adapted by L. N. Sobchik) with calculation of interpretation coefficients by G. A. Aminev; Five-factor personality questionnaire (R. McCrae and P. Costa, adapted by A. B. Khromov); statistical methods: descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, correlation analysis using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The study was conducted daily in the morning and evening for 20 days on the research vessel Mikhail Somov in June 2021. The study involved 39 people, including participants in the scientific and educational expeditionary project “Arctic Floating University–2021”.   Results. The dynamics of psychophysiological and projective psychological parameters of the functional states of the expedition members as a whole is characterized by favorable levels, which indicates their adaptation to the conditions of high latitudes. According to the results of the correlation analysis, statistically significant relationships were revealed between the dynamics of functional states and such individual-personal qualities as: extraversion − introversion and attachment − separation.   Conclusion. The results of the study are consistent with the data of previous expeditions of the “Arctic floating university” and other polar expeditions. The revealed interrelations of functional states with different personality characteristics of the participants testify in favor of the complex nature of the study using different groups of diagnostic methods.
The effect of endomorphins-1, -2 on the production of reactive oxygen species and the absorption activity of innate immunity cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Kadochnikova Ya. A. , Gein S. V.
Published: December 2022

Background. A high percentage of people in the world suffer from acute or chronic pain, the treatment of which is based on the introduction of morphine and its derivatives, agonists of the µ-opioid receptors, leading to the development of addiction in patients. An urgent task is to study the properties of endogenous opioid peptides, which are capable of showing not only pronounced analgesic activity, but also have a number of other effects on the periphery, while having a much smaller spectrum of side effects. Of particular interest are the immunomodulatory effects of peptide agonists of µ-receptors – endomorphins, tetrapeptides, the effects of which are not described in detail in the literature. Due to their structure and properties, endorphins can be considered as potential substitutes for low-molecular-weight opiates.   The aim. To investigate the effect of endorphins-1,2 on the synthesis of oxygen radicals and the absorption activity of innate immunity cells in vitro, in vivo.   Materials and methods. The object of the in vitro study is peripheral venous blood leukocytes from donors aged 22–40 years; the object of the in vivo study is peritoneal flush cells of Swiss white male mice. Oxygen-dependent microbicidal activity was evaluated using a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence reaction. Phagocytic activity was evaluated by flow cytometry.   Results. It has been found that endomorphins inhibited spontaneous production of reactive oxygen species in vitro, in vivo. Endomorphin-2 reduced the intensity of respiratory explosion in stimulated cultures of peritoneal macrophages. Blockade of opiate receptors with naloxone in vitro, in vivo did not cancel the effects of endomorphins. Both peptides and naloxone had no effect on the phagocytic activity of macrophages of the peritoneal cavity of mice in vivo, but in vitro endomorphins led to an increase in the percentage of phagocytosis of peripheral blood leukocytes.   Conclusions. The effects of endomorphins in vitro, in vivo are predominantly depressive.
The role of SH groups in the regulation of Gardos channels in glucose deficiency
Authors: Birulina Ju. G. , Petrova I. V. , Trubacheva O. A. , Gusakova S. V.
Published: December 2022

Background. Disruption of the energy balance of erythrocytes under conditions of a decrease in the glycolysis level can cause a change in the ion permeability of their membrane.   The aim. To study Ca2+-dependent potassium permeability of the erythrocytes membrane in the presence of SH group modifiers under conditions of glucose deficiency.   Materials and methods. The study used precipitated erythrocytes obtained from the blood of 20 male Wistar rats. The change in the Ca2+-dependent potassium conductivity of the erythrocyte membrane was determined using the potentiometric method. The A23187-and redox-induced hyperpolarization responses of erythrocytes were evaluated.   Results. Glucose deficiency in the medium, as well as the use of the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose, led to an increase in the amplitude of A23187-stimulated membrane hyperpolarization by the opening of the Gardos channels. At the same time, the redox-dependent hyperpolarization of the erythrocyte membrane turned out to be insensitive to a decrease in the glucose content in the medium and to the glycolysis inhibition. The effects of SH group modifiers in the normal incubation medium and under glucose deficiency turned out to be multidirectional and depended on the method of stimulation of Gardos channels.   Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that metabolic disorders in erythrocytes under conditions of glucose deficiency lead to a change in the mechanisms of control of Gardos channels with the participation of SH groups of the proteins of these channels or their regulatory proteins.
Mechanisms of autoimmune pathology in post-COVID syndrome
Authors: Orlova E. A. , Kondratov I. G. , Ogarkov O. B. , Kolesnikova L. I.
Published: December 2022

One of the delayed consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection is post-acute COVID-19 – polymorphic disorders of various organ systems that affect COVID-19 convalescents and persist for more than four weeks after an acute infection. Due to the infectious nature of the COVID-19, we would like to pay special attention to complications from the immune system, especially concomitant and new-onset autoimmune pathology. This review analyzes the current state of the issue of post-acute COVID-19 complications, discusses the molecular features of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the mechanisms underlying the impaired immune response during acute COVID-19 infection and the occurrence of autoimmune and autoinflammatory conditions during convalescence. Particular attention is paid to the molecular mimicry of antigenic determinants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which are structurally similar to the epitopes of human autoantigens. The current data on post-acute COVID-19 autoimmune complications from humoral immunity and the endocrine system, as well as reproductive disorders faced by male patients are presented. For the first time, we hypothesize a role of the structural homology of the human SOX13 autoantigen (HMG box factor SOX13) associated with diabetes mellitus and SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) protein in the development of the post-acute COVID-19 autoimmune pathologies. Due to the structural similarity of the two proteins and the overlap of their immunogenic regions, we suggest that the increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus and reproductive disorders in men after suffering from COVID-19 may be associated with immunological cross-reactivity.
Assessment of the general condition and quality of life of women of post-reproductive age after asymptomatic COVID-19 and 12 months after moderate COVID-19
Authors: Vyrupaeva E. V. , Semenova N. V. , Rychkova L. V. , Petrova A. G. , Darenskaya M. A. , Kolesnikov S. I. , Sambyalova A. Yu. , Kolesnikova L. I.
Published: December 2022

The aim. To assess the general condition, laboratory parameters, quality of life of women of post-reproductive age after asymptomatic COVID-19 and 12 months after moderate COVID-19.   Material and methods. We examined 47 women (45–69 years old), divided into 3 groups: those who did not have COVID-19, not vaccinated (group 1 – control; n = 15); women 12 months after moderate COVID-19, accompanied by pneumonia (group 2; n = 19); women with IgG in their blood who deny any symptoms of COVID-19 (group 3; n = 13).   Results and discussion. An assessment of the general condition of women in post-reproductive age was carried out. In women 12 months after COVID-19 we found a lower level of total bilirubin compared to the group with asymptomatic COVID-19 (p = 0.004). An increase in thrombin time was determined in the groups of patients with symptomatic (p = 0.014) and asymptomatic (p = 0.025) COVID-19 course compared with the control group. Patients with asymptomatic COVID-19 course had a higher level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with the control group (p = 0.016) and the group 2 (p = 0.006). Compared with the control group, the group 2 had lower scores for general health (p = 0.006), vital activity (p = 0.013), general physical well-being (p = 0.039), physical functioning (p = 0.046); and the group 3 had higher scores in role functioning due to physical condition (p = 0.049). When comparing groups 2 and 3, lower scores in the group of women who recovered from the moderate COVID-19 were found in physical functioning (p = 0.002), pain intensity (p = 0.034), role functioning due to physical condition (p = 0.049), general health (p = 0.003), vital activity (p = 0.018), general physical well-being (p = 0.001).   Conclusion. 12 months after moderate COVID-19, there is a pronounced deterioration in physical and emotional health; and in asymptomatic patients, better protective functions of an organism can be assumed.
Correction of morphofunctional changes in mice thymus and spleen by Rhaponticum uniflorum (L.) DC. extract at cyclophosphamide immunosupression
Authors: Razuvaeva Ya. G. , Khobrakova V. B. , Tugarina Yu. A. , Olennikov D. N.
Published: December 2022

The aim of the studyis to evaluate the effect of R. uniflorum dry extract on morphofunctional state of mice thymus and spleen at cyclophosphamide immunosuppression.Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on F1 (CBAxC57Bl/6) mice 18–20 g of weight. Immune deficiency was simulated by a single intraperitoneal introduction of cyclophosphamide in the dose 250 mg/kg. R. uniflorum dry extract in the dose 100 mg/kg was administered per os for 14 days. The thymus and spleen were fixed for histological studies on day 16. The thymus total area, the cortex and medulla area, the connective tissue capsule thickness, the spleen white and red pulp area were used to measure on micropreparations stained with hematoxylineosin and azure-eosin. The cell density and the cellular composition were calculated in the thymus cortical substance.Results. The R. uniflorum extract increased the thymus total area and the corticomedullary index by 37 and 26 % (p ≤ 0.05), respectively. The cells density increased in the cortical substance, it decreased in the medulla, as a result “layer inversion” is not observed in any animal of the experimental group. The number of proliferating lymphocytes, blasts and large lymphocytes increased; the number of destructive cells and macrophages decreased in the cortical substance. The spleen white pulp relative volume was 39 % higher than in the control.Conclusions. The R. uniflorum dry extract had an immunocorrective effect on the thymus and spleen morphofunctional state at cyclophosphamid immunosuppression.
Assessment of morphological criteria for the efficiency of radiofrequency circumferential denervation of the pulmonary artery in the experiment (animals, pigs)
Authors: Trofimov N. A. , Nikolskiy A. V. , Rodionov A. L. , Egorov D. V. , Surkova T. V.
Published: December 2022

The aim of the study. To assess the influence of radiofrequency circumferential exposure modes on the morphological parameters of the pulmonary artery tissues in animal experiment (pigs).Material and methods. In the experiments, we used outbred pigs divided into 3 groups (4 animals in each). The first experimental group included 188 histological samples of the pulmonary arteries (PA) after radiofrequency circumferential exposure on the PA using an ablator clamp. Two lines of exposure on the PA and two lines of exposure on each PA mouth were performed. Ablation was performed until the target level of tissue impedance between the ablator branches corresponding to the values at transmural damage was reached. The second experimental group included 162 histological samples of the PA after circumferential denervation of pulmonary trunk and both PA mouths. Ablation was completed upon reaching 50 % impedance level relative to the impedance values at transmural damage. The third group (control) included 55 histological samples of PA without radiofrequency exposure. The material obtained was studied using light microscopy, hematoxylin and eosin and van Gieson’s staining, and also by impregnation with silver salts according to S. Ramón y Cajal.Conclusions. Morphological criteria for irreversible destruction of nerve fibers and ganglia of the pulmonary trunk adventitial layer and for PA bifurcation were obtained when using two studied ablation modes. Circumferential PA denervation using subthreshold power of radiofrequency exposure made it possible to avoid irreversible damage to the nerve endings and ganglia of the PA intimal layer and thus to preserve physiological neuroreflectory regulation of the PA and the entire pulmonary circulation. Turning off the cascade of pathological reflexes eliminates the factor of the progression of pulmonary hypertension associated with an increase in peripheral resistance of the pulmonary arterioles precapillary link.
Modifiable risk factors for the development and progression of periodontal tissue diseases
Authors: Sabirova A. I.
Published: December 2022

In this review, an analysis of modifiable risk factors for the development and progression of periodontal tissue diseases was carried out. The review highlights the data on the relationship of periodontal infection, tobacco smoking, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, drug-induced periodontal tissue damage, stress, and obesity with the risk of developing and progression of periodontal tissue diseases. A rather detailed analysis of the mechanisms of pathogenic influence of the microflora of the oral cavity, including in the subgingival plaque, was carried out. The mechanisms of the pathological effect of smoking on the state of periodontal tissues are described. Data on the effect of periodontal treatment on glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus are presented. The article emphasizes the importance of the presence of periodontal diseases as a risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, describes the mechanisms of the mutual influence of cardiovascular pathology and the inflammatory process in the periodontium. In addition, the article presents the possibilities of the iatrogenic effect of systemic drugs on the state of periodontal tissues. The data on the influence of stress loads on the development of dental diseases are presented. The review article describes in detail the mechanisms of influence of overweight and obesity on the risks of development and progression of periodontal tissue diseases. Based on the results of the scientific research publications presented in the article, it can be stated that not only the dentist, but also doctors of other specialties need to work to change the modifiable risk factors for the development and progression of periodontal diseases.
Sirtuins and chemokines as markers of replicative and induced senescence of human endotheliocytes
Authors: Savitskiy D. V. , Linkova N. S. , Kozhevnikova E. O. , Kozlov K. L. , Paltseva E. M. , Kvetnaia T. V.
Published: December 2022

Background. One of the factors of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases is induced endothelial senescence. In this regard, the urgent task of molecular biology and medicine is the search for molecules that affect the process of vascular endotheliocytes senescence.The aim. To assess the expression of Sirt-1,3,6 and chemokines IL-4, CXCL11 in the replicative and induced senescence of human endotheliocytes.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the primary culture of isolated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were cultured under conditions of replicative (natural) and lipopolysaccharide induced senescence.Results. The synthesis of Sirt-1,3,6, IL-4 and CXCL11 was evaluated using western blot analysis. We revealed a decrease in Sirt-1,3,6 synthesis by 1.6–1.8 times (р < 0.05) in the conditions of HUVEC replicative senescence. Induced senescence of endotheliocytes is characterized by a more pronounced decrease (1.7–3.4 times; р < 0.05) in the Sirt-1,3,6 synthesis. CXCL11 synthesis increases by 1.4 times (р < 0.05) in replicative and by 3.4 times (р < 0.05) in induced HUVEC senescence. IL-4 synthesis increases by 4.7 times in conditions of induced HUVEC senescence and doesn’t have changes in replicative senescence of endotheliocytes.Conclusion. These data obtained indicate that sirtuins and chemokines play an important role in the development of endothelial dysfunction observed in natural and induced senescence.
Experimental model of normotrophic pseudarthrosis of a rabbit’s tibia
Authors: Smirnov S. S. , Shchepkina E. A. , Shilenko L. A. , Samsonenko E. K. , Anikin N. A. , Mametov M. V. , Chepurnoy Z. I. , Voronin S. E. , Gerko M. D. , Ivkin D. Yu. , Karpov A. A.
Published: December 2022

Background. The formation of a pseudarthrosis is one of the most severe complications of bone fractures. Pseudarthrosis occurs as a result of a disorder in the fracture union, has a poor prognosis and requires long-term treatment and repeated surgeries. A small number of representative pseudarthrosis models makes it difficult to conduct preclinical studies of promising pharmacological substances, bone replacement materials and surgical methods of treatment.The aim. To develop and to validate an experimental model of normotrophic pseudarthrosis of a rabbit’s tibia by creating diastasis between bone fragments, forming local vascularization disturbance and using unstable fixation.Materials and methods. The study was carried out on Soviet Chinchilla rabbits. The animals were divided into 2 groups: in experimental group, we formed tibial pseudarthrosis; in control group, we made a simple transverse tibial fracture. The pseudarthrosis was formed by segmental resection (5 mm) of the middle third of the tibia, bone fragments dilatation for 5 mm, removal of periosteum and bone marrow within 5 mm followed by daily destabilization of a fracture in an external fixation device. The duration of the experiment was 6 weeks. X-ray examination of the fracture area was carried out weekly, multi-layer spiral computed tomography (MSCT) and histological examinations were carried out at the end of the experiment.Results. The survival value in the experiment was 100 %. According to weekly X-ray examination, fracture union was registered only in the control group and occurred on average on the 22,8 ± 5,1 day, while the formation of pseudarthrosis was observed only in the experimental group, and radiographic signs of a pseudarthrosis were noted on average on the 33,6 ± 3,5 day. The formation of a pseudarthrosis by the end of the experiment was confirmed by MSCT and histological studies.Conclusions. The developed model of the normotrophic pseudarthrosis of a rabbit’s tibia can be used for experimental tests of various factors for stimulating reparative regeneration and methods for treatment of the pseudarthrosis.
Cytokines and HIF-1α as dysregulation factors of migration and differentiation of monocyte progenitor cells of endotheliocytes in the pathogenesis of ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Denisenko O. A. , Chumakova S. P. , Urazova O. I. , Shipulin V. M. , Pryakhin A. S.
Published: December 2022

Background. Angiogenic endothelial dysfunction and progenitor endothelial cells (EPCs) in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP) have not been studied enough.The aim. To establish the nature of changes in the cytokine profile and HIF-1α in blood and bone marrow associated with impaired differentiation of monocytic progenitor cells of endotheliocytes (CD14+VEGFR2+) in the bone marrow and their migration into the blood in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), suffering and not suffering from ICMP.Materials and methods. A single-stage, single-centre, observational case-control study was conducted involving 74 patients with CHD, suffering and not suffering from ICMP (30 and 44 people, respectively), and 25 healthy donors. In patients with CHD, bone marrow was obtained during coronary bypass surgery, peripheral blood – before surgery. Healthy donors were taken peripheral blood. The number of CD14+VEGFR2+ in bone marrow and blood was determined by flow cytometry; the concentration of IL-6, TNF-α, M-CSF, GM-CSF, MCP-1 and HIF-1α – by the method of enzyme immunoassay.Results. A high content of CD14+VEGFR2+ cells in the blood of patients with CHD without cardiomyopathy was established relative to patients with ICMP against the background of a comparable number of these cells in myeloid tissue. Regardless of the presence of ICMP in the blood, patients with CHD showed an excess of TNF-α, a normal concentration of IL-6, GM-CSF, HIF-1α and a deficiency of M-CSF, and in the bone marrow supernatant, the concentration of IL-6 and TNF-α exceeded that in the blood plasma (the level of GM-CSF – only in patients without cardiomyopathy). With ICMP, the normal concentration of MCP-1 was determined in the blood plasma, and with CHD without cardiomyopathy, its elevated content was determined.Conclusion. The formation of ICMP is accompanied by insufficient activation of EPCs migration with the CD14+VEGFR2+ phenotype in blood without disruption of their differentiation in the bone marrow, which associated with the absence of an increase in the concentration of MCP-1 in blood plasma and not associated with the plasma content of M-CSF, GM-CSF, HIF-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α.
Using induced sputum method in clinical practice in patients with bronchial asthma
Authors: Chulkov V. S. , Minina E. E. , Medvedeva L V.
Published: December 2022

This article presents an overview of modern statements of the induced sputum method; detailed description of the methods and protocols for taking sputum in adults and children, methods for processing the obtained substance. The paper describes in detail the features of the cellular composition of induced sputum in healthy individuals and in patients with bronchial asthma, emphasizes the importance of the eosinophilia level as a prognostic and diagnostic criterion of asthma and also determines the functions of other induced sputum cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, basophils. The article is illustrated with photographs of sputum microscopy. In addition to sputum cytology, we give accent to the possibility of using other research methods such as an identification of viral and bacterial pathogens, genomics, proteomics, lipidomics, metabolomics, determination of the concentration of various mediators in the sputum supernatant. The paper presents the ideas on biochemical inflammatory markers and remodelling of the respiratory tract in asthma, which can be determined in sputum (C3a anaphylatoxin, clusterin, periostin, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, folliculin). In addition, we summarize the information on inflammatory phenotypes of bronchial asthma, emphasize their variability and modification depending on the period of the disease, prescribed treatment, intercurrent respiratory infections, and smoking. The article also presents detailed characteristics of eosinophilic, neutrophilic, mixed and small granulocyte phenotypes of bronchial asthma, and describes the most frequent correlations of phenotypes with the severity and course of the disease, with lung function parameters and other indicators. The paper gives an account of the possibilities of using the induced sputum method for a comprehensive assessment of the course, asthma controllability and the effectiveness of drug therapy, as well as for a personalized selection of an antiinflammatory drug considering the inflammatory phenotype.
Comorbidity of functional bowel disorders and obesity in terms of microbiome
Authors: Klimenko E. S. , Belkova N. L. , Pogodina A. V. , Rychkova L. V. , Darenskaya M. A.
Published: December 2022

Bacterial ecosystem of the gut plays a fundamental role in the normal functioning of the metabolic and immune systems. Functional bowel disease and obesity are highly prevalent in the population and place a heavy burden on healthcare system. Both comorbidity and multimorbidity are considered to be common for obesity and intestinal functional disorders. Changes in the microbiota can be both the cause and consequence of each disease: intestinal functional disorder changes the composition of the microbiota, resulting in obesity, and vice versa. Intestinal functional disorders and obesity are characterized by a similar type of dysbiosis.The aim of the review is to analyze the research findings available to date in order to establish the relationship between the gut microbiome, functional bowel disease and obesity. The researches have shown that patients with intestinal functional disorders have a different gut microbiome than healthy individuals. For intestinal functional disorders, the general patterns of the intestinal microbiota composition were described, and the characteristic taxonomic groups of bacteria were identified. On the other side, it must be noted that there is no clear correlation between intestinal functional disorders and obesity in terms of the microbiota. This can be explained by the high heterogeneity of intestinal functional disorders, as well as by the lack of a unified approach to creating a study design, by different sizes of population samples and also by different diagnostic criteria. The necessity to determine the criteria in the development of the design of future studies is discussed.
Clinical realization of anatomical and physiological properties of the sinoatrial node
Authors: Milyukov V. E. , Bryukhanov V. A. , Nguyen С. С.
Published: December 2022

Diseases of the sinoatrial node (SАN) are characterized by its inability to perform the function of the dominant pacemaker. This review presents data from recent studies of the anatomy and physiology of the SАN, which demonstrate the presence of structural and functional heterogeneity of the SAN and its components, describes the structure and function of the conducting intra-nodal pathways, the “novel paranodal area”, and also discusses the phenomenon of a shift in the site of excitation generation and the presence of a “non-firing mode” of cardiomyocytes. The authors critically discussed the genetic mechanisms of the development of sick sinus node syndrome (SSS), justified a multidisciplinary approach and further anatomical, morphological and physiological studies that play a fundamental role in the development of therapy and diagnosis of related diseases.
Il pianto di Achille e il digiuno di Penelope Impieghi ‘formulari’ da Omero ai tragici
Authors: Rodighiero Andrea
Published: December 2022

This paper focuses on two different epic themes, often intertwined: weeping and abstinence from food. Starting from the question τέκνον τί κλαίεις; (Thetis to Achilles), the first section explores the use of a specific ‘tragic formularity’ in scenes with veiled figures. Inspired to some extent by Parry’sanalogie, in the second part of the essay we aim at highlighting the presence of epic hints in Ajax and Medea, where the prostrated characters are mad with grief and refrain from eating (and drinking). The models of these minute ‘type-scenes’ are epic – Homer andHomeric Hymns– yet relocated to a dramatic and performative context.
Life Writing as Plant-Writing: Arboreal Encounters in Kallen Pokkudan’s Kandalkaadukalkkidayil Ente Jeevitham
Authors: Venugopal Varna , Rangarajan Swarnalatha
Published: December 2022

Kallen Pokkudan, known as the ‘mangrove man’ of Kerala, devoted his life to the restoration of mangrove forests across the state. Pokkudan’s autobiography, Kandalkaadukalkidayil Ente Jeevitham (2002), is as much a life narrative of the mangrove habitats in the Kannur district of Kerala as it is of the Dalit Pulaya community to which he belongs. Reading Pokkudan’s arboreal activism in the light of recent critical approaches to vegetality, we argue that his autobiography can be read as an instance of ‘Phytography’ (Ryan 2020) or plant-writing, where the very act of writing the self evolves into writing with and listening to vegetal subjects.
Trees in Taiwanese Folklore
Authors: Yang Yujun
Published: December 2022

In Taiwanese folklore, the worship of immortal trees has taken various forms. Often such practices are closely related to the worship of the earth god. In other cases, what is called Dashugong, literally ‘great tree god’, acts as a child’s guardian figure: the health and reproduction of a living tree in an otherworldly setting parallel the health and posterity of a human being. Religious rituals associated with ancient tree worship continue today. Trees symbolise fertility in folk beliefs and in folk art, and the impact of ancient beliefs may be traced in horticultural practices, and in the retail sale of trees. The idea that gods reside in large trees persists, as does the belief that a tree spirit appears only when it – or the living tree – is confronted, wounded, or killed. Reacting to such violence, a tree spirit becomes vengeful and dangerous. Government agencies and environmentalists have alluded to this concept to promote conservation. When an old tree dies, people nowadays plant a sapling to replace it. The tree of life continues to be celebrated, no longer for its gigantic profile but as a symbol of renewal.
ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG PONDASI STROUS PILE PADA PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG MINI HOSPITAL UNIVERSITAS KADIRI
Authors: Candra Agata Iwan
Published: December 2022

The foundation is an important building structure in the field of construction because it functions as the support of a building. The foundation must be planned appropriately to maintain the stability of the building. Strauss foundation is one type of foundation that is used to carry the burden if hard soil that has a strong carrying capacity is very deep from the ground surface. This study aims to calculate the carrying capacity of the Strauss foundation using the Meyerhof method. To estimate the carrying capacity of the soil, field testing is carried out using a CPT (Cone Penetration Test). The results of the analysis show that the carrying capacity of the deepest shallow foundation is 2 meters with an ultimate carrying capacity of 188 kg. While the carrying capacity of foundations in the depth of 3 to 5 meters. The most efficient result by Meyerhof's calculation was the number of poles as much as 2 at a depth of 4 meters with a pile group capacity of 74.13 tons, greater than the maximum load (69.42 tons)Keywords: Carrying capacity, CPT (Cone Penetration Test), Strauss Foundation, Meyerhof.Pondasi merupakan struktur bangunan yang penting dalam bidang konstruksi karena berfungsi sebagai penompang sebuah bangunan. Pondasi harus direncanakan dengan tepat untuk menajaga kestabilan bangunan. Pondasi strauss merupakan salah satu jenis pondasi yang digunakan untuk memikul beban apabila tanah keras yang mempunyai daya dukung yang kuat letaknya sangat dalam dari permukaan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung daya dukung tanah pondasi strauss menggunakan metode Meyerhof. Untuk memperkirakan daya dukung tanah dilakukan pengujian lapangan dengan menggunakan CPT (Cone Penetration Test). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa daya dukung pondasi dangkal terdalam pada  2 meter dengan daya dukung ultimit 188 kg. Sedangkan daya dukung pondasi dalam terdapat pada kedalaman 3 hingga 5 meter. Hasil paling efisien dengan perhitungan Meyerhof didapat jumlah tiang sebanyak 2 pada kedalaman 4 meter dengan kapasitas kelompok tiang yaitu 74.13 ton, lebih besar dibandingkan dengan beban maksimum (69.42 ton) Kata kunci : Daya dukung, CPT (Cone Penetration Test ), Pondasi Strauss, Meyerhof.
Correlation of Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity with Porosity and Compressive Strength of Mortar with Limestone for Building Quality Assessment
Authors: Widodo Slamet , Ma'arif Faqih , Nugroho Maris Setyo , Mahardika Hidayat
Published: December 2022

Mortar is used for bonding bricks, filling gaps in masonry, and as a plaster for strengthening and smoothing wall surfaces in finishing works. Poor quality of mortar can cause cracks in the walls which are identified after the building is completed. Assessment of a building is essential to determine its quality. Non-destructive testing is widely chosen because it will not directly affect the physical building condition. However, there still needs to achieve a good fit equation that can be used to estimate mortar quality using non-destructive testing. This research aimed to propose a formula to predict the mortar quality using an ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test with porosity and compressive strength in the mortar with limestone. Variations in adding the lime powder to the mortar mix are 20%, 30%, 40%, and 55%. It was divided into M, S, N, and O types. The mortar cubes were prepared based on ASTM C-1329 and ASTM C-270. The specimens were then evaluated with UPV, porosity, and compressive strength test using three samples for each test. Equations for the relationship between UPV and porosity and compressive strength can be derived from these tests. The results showed that the value of the ultrasonic pulse speed is directly proportional to the compressive strength of the mortar, which fits the equation y = 0.0542e0.0015x, and is inversely proportional to the porosity, showing the equation y = 108.57e-6E-04x. The results of this study can be used to assess the quality of new construction works and existing buildings.
Prediction of Soil Bearing Capacity in the Masterplan Area of the Kalimantan Institute of Technology based on GIS
Authors: Apriani Dyah Wahyu , Safitri Dhea , Mustofa Umar , Khala Christianto Credidi Septino
Published: December 2022

Prediction of bearing capacity and soil type is a requirement for the safety of construction before planning a building construction. Therefore, it is necessary to research the distribution of bearing capacity and conical resistance to determine soil conditions in an area. Based on CPT data, this study mapped cone resistance distribution and soil-bearing capacity distribution in the ITK masterplan area. The analysis was carried out by reviewing the 40 cm pile foundation at 11 m. The analysis was carried out using the Kriging, IDW, and Spline with Barriers methods. The bearing capacity was analyzed using the Trofimankove method. The mapping of the carrying capacity using the three interpolation methods results in a Qall value of around 26,024 – 87,835 tons. The cone resistance mapping results using the three interpolation methods show that the soil consistent in the ITK masterplan area is stiff, very stiff and Hard with a qc value of around 16,0804 – 259,54 kg/cm2. The ITK masterplan area has a type of foundation soil, which is hard. The comparison results obtained from mapping the cone resistance and the carrying capacity of the three interpolation methods used, the value of the range of qc and Qall closest to the sample data used is the IDW method
FACTORS AFFECTING COURSE ATTENDANCE IN DISTANCE EDUCATION
Authors: GÜVEN Ufuk , KARAÇAM Sedat , SEZER Behlül Bilal
Published: December 2022

From pre-school to university, the most important factor affecting students' learning and academic success is attendance. It is even more important in emergency remote teaching conditions that we are facing due to COVİD-19 pandemics. Many studies have been conducted on student attendance. These studies have revealed that student attendance is related to many variables. With the development of technology, the transition to distance education has started, and the unique features of this system also affect student attendance. This study aims to find the factors affecting student attendance in distance education. Fifteen prospective science teachers from different universities participated in this study, which was carried out with structured interview technique, one of the qualitative research methods. The student interview forms, which were examined with the content analysis method, revealed that the factors that affect attendance are categorized as internal and external factors. While internal factors are affective factors such as beliefs, interest/curiosity, and anxiety, cognitive factors such as personal gains, and physical factors such as personal health problems; external factors are instructors, course program, home environment, peer relations, and educational technology. Students with low SES are having difficulties to attend courses, especially ones that have school-aged siblings. These factors affect student attendance in distance education positively or negatively. There are suggestions for instructors, students, and parents in the study.
Influencia de la familiness en la relación de la heterogeneidad familiar y la postura innovadora de la empresa familiar
Authors: Arista Zavala Ricardo , De la Garza Ramos María Isabel
Published: December 2022

Se explora el efecto de la familiness en la relación de la heterogeneidad familiar y la postura innovadora de la empresa familiar en cinco negocios de la capital de San Luis Potosí, México, mediante el método de caso. Usando la tipología de Rondi y colaboradores, se encuentra que la familiness llega a aumentar la proclividad de operar bajo un comportamiento estratégico determinado. En específico, se halla un perfil re-enactor en las cinco entidades, esto es, una baja inclinación al riesgo y un alto apego a la tradición con enfoque al logro de la continuidad en el largo plazo. La familiness se define como aquellos recursos y capacidades resultantes de la interacción familiar y empresarial.