bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological Aspects of Operative Staff Cooperation With Confi dential Employees
Authors: Zlahoda Olha
Published: September 2019

The article presents solutions for the operative, search and psychological challenges, arising in the course of interaction between operative staff and confidential employees in the current law enforcement environment. The aim of the article is to study the influence of the operative and search activities on the psychological conditions of operative staff and confidential employees, which may lead either to positive or negative repercussions and phenomena. Currently, a set of reasons can be provided to justify the incompliance of operative staff with the established professional requirements and criteria:
— low quality of the psychological selection of officers for operative units;
— lack of understanding, regarding the importance of the functions specificity by staff, lack of will to improve their skills and
knowledge;
— poor legal regulation of the specific aspects of operative and search activity;
— incorrect organization of working process and operative staff working environment;
— low level of morale building activities.
It must be mentioned that successful operative staff performance depends highly on practical experience, as well as the
mentor’s qualification in the field of improving young police officers’ skills regarding communication with citizens and obtaining
relevant information. In order to establish fruitful communication with confidential employees and citizens, to obtain necessary
operative data, apart from legal education, the police officer must demonstrate high level of psychological training, based on the
general knowledge of communication process peculiarities and trust-based relations building, with the perspective of strengthening
the cooperation.
Border Surveillance Measures to Tackle and End the Migration Crisis in Hungary
Authors: Balla József , Kui László
Published: September 2019

The protection of Hungary’s external Schengen border is a priority which affects both the security of our country and the whole Schengen Area. Border surveillance is considered safe if it can prevent unlawful acts and proceed against offenders. The implementation of the tasks requires special staff and technical readiness. In the framework of the border protection of our country, it is the Police’s basic task, but in case a state of crisis resulting from mass migration is declared, the Hungarian Defence Forces take part in it. Border surveillance is a constant activity which aims to prevent illegal state border crossings; due to this, its efficiency cannot be measured exclusively based on numerical data. Border surveillance is also effective if it ensures the
apprehension of people illegally crossing state borders and if it prevents them from accomplishing that; thus, the ‘physical’ presence
itself contributes to the task execution in a manner meeting the requirements. Continuity plays a decisive role from the point of view of border surveillance. Border surveillance shall be considered a component. Thus, the border surveillance system consists of successive system elements which do not go without each other. The border surveillance system is built on border policing strategies, it can be operated based on leadership decisions which shall be in accordance with the border surveillance principles as well. Similarly to the border surveillance system elements, border surveillance principles are those rules which have constant influence/effect on border surveillance/in the field of border surveillance, the practical implementation of which ensures state border surveillance which meets the requirements/is reliable; moreover, it enables the targeted application of the forces and tools available. The operability of the system can only be granted if the principles apply jointly.
Environmental Protection Through the Instruments of Criminal Law
Authors: Čentéš Jozef
Published: September 2019

Environmental protection represents a complex and one of the most discussed issues, currently under consideration within the legal framework. The author in this article focuses on the environmental protection via the instruments of substantive criminal law in the Slovak Republic and thus represents a detailed analysis of the current legal regulation contained in the Criminal Code, which concentrates these instruments into 13 criminal merits analysed in part II of the presented article. These instruments can be considered effective with regard to preserving as well as improving the environmental quality — through the punishment of perpetrators of the most serious acts breaching the rules of environmental protection, by which the ideal of criminal justice is achieved (or can be achieved).
Identidade, universidade e integração na América Latina: um estudo de psicologia
Authors: Alves Cândida , Pedroza Regina
Published: September 2019

A América Latina surgiu como espaço simbólico muito tempo após a conquista territorial. O processo de colonização significou o encontro entre diferentes povos e culturas, com desigualdades de poder. A relação entre os países latino-americanos caracterizou-se historicamente por aproximações e tensões, haja vista semelhanças e diferenças histórico-culturais, mas também escolhas políticas e econômicas. Nosso objetivo foi investigar possível vinculação identitária à América Latina expressa por estudantes de diferentes países latino-americanos. Foram entrevistados 16 estudantes de graduação de sete nacionalidades. Utilizou-se o método de análise de conteúdo e chegou-se às seguintes unidades de significação: diferenças e semelhanças na América Latina; identidade e alteridade na relação entre América Latina, Estados Unidos e Europa; relação entre Brasil e países hispano-americanos; identidade latino-americana; integração e universidade na América Latina. Percebeu-se a necessidade de ressignificar a identidade latino-americana, valorizando sua diversidade e criando vínculos de solidariedade no continente.
Füreinander Sprechen. Zu einer feministischen Theorie der Repräsentation
Authors: Mateo Marina Martinez
Published: September 2019

Im Aufsatz werden Argumentationsstränge feministischer Repräsentationskritik herausgestellt und zwei zentrale Probleme diskutiert, die sich daraus ergeben. Um diesen Problemen zu entgehen, braucht es, so die These, eine selbst-kritische Theorie der Repräsentation, in der zwei Momente im Mittelpunkt stehen: Negativität und Differenz. Der Entwicklung dieser Momente und ihrer Übertragung in die feministische Politik widmet sich der Aufsatz.
Der Diskurs des Englischen Bürgerkriegs als Konflikt um Deutungsmacht Die Rolle des politischen Mythos in den Schriften der Levellers und Robert Filmers
Authors: Folkerts Joshua
Published: September 2019

Der Diskurs des Englischen Bürgerkriegs wird als Deutungsmachtkonflikt verstanden, in dem politische Mythen zusammen mit anderen Argumentationslinien von politischen Denkern verwendet werden, um Deutungsmacht zu erlangen. Die untersuchten sich gegenüberstehenden Diskurspositionen des Royalisten Robert Filmer und der liberalen Levellers zeigen, dass auf beiden Seiten politische Mythen als Ankerpunkte fungieren, welche als Basis für eine „mehrgleisige“ Argumentation dienen. In dieser fließen mythische, religiöse, naturrechtliche und historische Begründungen der jeweiligen Position zusammen.
Schumpeter im sozialwissenschaftlichen Pantheon
Authors: Kurz Heinz D.
Published: September 2019

Der Aufsatz vergleicht die Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftstheorie Joseph Alois Schumpeters mit den Theorien anderer großer Sozialwissenschaftler, insbesondere denjenigen von Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Karl Marx, Léon Walras und John Maynard Keynes. Das Hauptaugenmerk gilt Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden. Die in der Sekundärliteratur absolut und relativ wachsende Bedeutung des „Propheten der Innovation“ wird unterstrichen.
Die Wahlen zum Europäischen Parlament 2019: drei Ursachen für die Transformation im europäischen Parteiensystem
Authors: Kohls Johannes , Müller Manuel
Published: September 2019

The results of the European Parliament elections 2019 are a reflection of a longer-term transformation in the European party system, whereby (left-)liberal and right-wing forces are gaining votes at the expense of traditional centre-left and centre-right catch-all parties. This contribution highlights three societal reasons for this transformation: a new cleavage between inclusion and exclusion which gains importance with respect to the left-right cleavage, changes in the structure of public communication, and the catalytic effect of the European crises of the last years.
Polizei- und Ordnungsrecht Rheinland-Pfalz
Authors: Rühle Dietrich G.
Published: September 2019

Das Kompendium befasst sich mit den Regelungen des POG ebenso wie mit seinen Neuerungen. Ein besonderes Gewicht wird auf die Probleme gelegt, die im Konfliktbereich liegen zwischen effektiver Gefahrenabwehr und dem Schutz persönlicher Daten. Die einschlägigen Neuerungen des POG wurden allesamt berücksichtigt. Der Autor kann auf eine langjährige Erfahrung in Praxis und Ausbildung sowohl im Bereich der Ordnungsbehörden als auch der Polizei zurückgreifen.
Gesetzliche und kollektivvertragliche Regulierung der Arbeitnehmerüberlassung durch Höchstüberlassungszeiten
Authors: Pant Benjamin
Published: September 2019

In the reform of AÜG (Temporary Agency Work Act) that became effective on the 1st of April, 2017, one of the key elements was the limitation of the period of assignment to a maximum of, in general, 18 months. This, with regard to labor market policy, controversial provision contains far more than a formal limitation of temporary agency work. It decides on the permissibility and expedience of temporary agency work in Germany. At the same time, the provision reshapes the complex system of collective agreements in the temporary work industry while strikingly raising the question of a higher-ranking content of temporary agency work.
Taking European and national law into consideration, the author creates an overall concept for the limitation of the period of assignment in the field of temporary agency work. Additionally, he addresses fundamental questions regarding the right of association as well as the right of collective agreements that arise from the dispositive character of the provision.
In June of 2019, this dissertation received the Dissertation Award for Labor Law of the Faculty of Law of the University of Cologne.
Unternehmerische Haftung in transnationalen Menschenrechtsfällen
Authors: Görgen Theresa
Published: September 2019

Civil proceedings in Germany against the companies KiK and RWE underline the increasing importance of human rights litigation in German law. This thesis examines the liability of transnational corporations in German civil law in human rights violations caused by their subsidiaries and by entities in their supply chain. Firstly, the applicable law in such cases has to be determined. Furthermore, the thesis illustrates the relevant rules in German civil law (especially in tort and company law) that may form a basis for compensation claims by alien victims. One of the study’s main topics is determining the relevant duties of care, especially the impact of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights on fulfilling this task. Furthermore, the thesis highlights corporations’ liability concerning public statements which relate to their compliance with human rights.
Distribution statistique de la taille imaginale de Pterostichus madidus (Fabricius, 1775) dans les plaines de l’est de la France : de la nécessité de rechercher ses composantes géographiques et historiques
Authors: LOUBÈRE Michel , VALLET Anne , PROST Monique , TRÉCA Marlène , FRANÇOIS Nicolas
Published: September 2019

Pterostichus madidus (Fabricius, 1775) imaginal body size is defined as the distance between elytron and mandible tips, when mandibles lay in their resting position. Its statistical distribution was estimated from 658 specimens, that had been pitfall-trapped in the 2007-2016 year span along a northward transect across the French lowlands of Côte-d’Or, Meurthe-et-Moselle and Moselle. The sampling targeted exploited, protected and unmanaged woodlands. It involved one national and two regional nature reserves. No response to the deliberately restricted elevational range was detected. Females displayed the more obvious response to the latitudinal shift, which took the form of a steep inversed Bergmann’s cline. The ones, that originated from the transect southernmost end were found to be 0.7 millimeters longer on average. Though males variance turned out to be heterogeneous and their latitudinal cline to be made looser by some important local variation, no significant southward increase of sexual dimorphism could be demonstrated. Specimens pooled from our 2012-2016 collections in Côte-d’Or were compared to an additional museum sample, that gathered beetles obtained from the same or neighboring locations in 1978-1998. It was observed, that the 2012-2016 females had lengthened by an average amount of 0.7 mm, thus yielding a first coleopteran case of a generational shift for a terrestrial species observed within its natural range and under natural conditions. Given the phenomenon spatial scale, the likelihood of it being a response to climate change is discussed considering knowledge gaps about larval trophic network and theoretical models of ectotherm organisms reaction to temperature increase.
Schopenhauer no Brasil: análise da presença schopenhaueriana em teses de doutorado e dissertações de mestrado de 1987 a 2018
Authors: Sá Moreira Fernando
Published: September 2019

O objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar a presença de Arthur Schopenhauer como tema de dissertações de mestrado e teses de doutorado no Brasil. Essa avaliação é realizada a partir das respostas a quatro perguntas fundamentais: (1) Em que localidades a Pesquisa Schopenhauer se concentra? (2) Em quais níveis da pós-graduação stricto sensu ela ocorre? (3) Quais áreas do conhecimento a produziram e a produzem? (4) Quais são seus temas predominantes? A metodologia empregada é predominantemente quantitativa e consiste na análise dos dados de trabalhos registrados no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes).
A LÓGICA DE LEWIS CARROLL NO ENSINO MÉDIO: UNIDADE DIDÁTICA E RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Lindemann John Lennon
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho consiste na apresentação de uma unidade didática para o ensino médio sobre a lógica silogística carrolliana, acompanhada do relato de sua aplicação e da avaliação de seus resultados. A unidade didática foi aplicada em uma turma do segundo ano do ensino médio. A motivação de sua realização foi a limitação dos métodos de ensino de lógica disponíveis no mercado editorial brasileiro. Os passos didáticos foram baseados em Gallo (2012). A avaliação dos resultados foi positiva, demonstrando que a lógica silogística de Carroll (1886) pode ser usada como um valioso instrumento para o ensino de lógica no ensino médio.
MICHEL DE MONTAIGNE E AS DIRETRIZES DE UMA EDUCAÇÃO PARA A AUTONOMIA
Authors: Andrade Filho Joao Batista
Published: September 2019

Michel de Montaigne (1533 – 1592) foi um ilustre filósofo francês do período da Renascença. Portanto, viveu em um mundo em transição, rumando na direção do que convencionalmente passou a ser chamado de Modernidade. O momento histórico no qual está inserida sua biografia caracteriza-se por conflitos e perturbações sociais e políticas, bem como por descoberta de um novo mundo e avanços no conhecimento, reflexo de uma busca por desenraizamento de uma tradição medieval e pela construção de uma nova mentalidade pautada pela autonomia em relação aos ditames escolásticos. Montaigne herdou esse ímpeto e propôs uma filosofia humanista da qual deriva uma proposta educativa. Fizemos o presente artigo com o intuito de colher diretrizes para o ensino de filosofia no Ensino Médio. Inicialmente partimos do estudo do texto Montaigne: filosofia e educação para a vida, do professor Márcio Silveira Lemgruber. Posteriomente, aprofundamos a interpretação com o texto contido nos Ensaios, A educação da criança, reforçado com textos de outros autores como Cambi (1999) e Morandi (2002).
Decreasing Use of Chemotherapy in Older Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer Irrespective of Comorbidities
Authors: Walter Viola , Boakye Daniel , Weberpals Janick , Jansen Lina , Haefeli Walter E. , Martens Uwe M. , Knebel Phillip , Chang-Claude Jenny , Hoffmeister Michael , Brenner Hermann
Published: September 2019

Background: Chemotherapy underuse in elderly patients (aged ≥75 years) with colon cancer has been reported in previous studies. However, these studies were mostly registry-based and limited in their potential to consider underlying reasons of such undertreatment. This study aimed to evaluate patient and hospital determinants of chemotherapeutic treatment in patients with stage III colon cancer, with a particular focus on age and underlying reasons for nontreatment of elderly patients. Methods: A total of 629 patients with stage III colon cancer who were diagnosed in 2003 through 2012 and recruited into a population-based study in the Rhine-Neckar region of Germany were included. Information on sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, comorbidities, and treatment was collected from patient interviews and physicians. Patient (with an emphasis on age) and hospital factors were evaluated for their associations with administration of adjuvant chemotherapy overall and of oxaliplatin specifically using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Administration of chemotherapy decreased from 94% in patients aged 30 to 64 years to 51% in those aged ≥75 years. A very strong decline in chemotherapy use with age persisted even after comprehensive adjustment for multiple patient factors—including comorbidities—and hospital factors and was also seen among patients without any major comorbidities. Between 2005 and 2008, and 2009 and 2012, chemotherapy administration in patients aged ≥75 years decreased from 60% to 41%. Among chemotherapy recipients, old age was also strongly associated with higher odds of nonadministration of oxaliplatin. The 2 most commonly reported reasons for chemotherapy nonreceipt among the study population were patient refusal (30%) and old age (24%). Conclusions: Age was the strongest predictor of chemotherapy underuse, irrespective of comorbidities and even in patients without comorbidities. Such underuse due just to older age in otherwise healthy patients deserves increased attention in clinical practice to ensure that elderly patients also get the best possible care. Patients’ refusal as the most frequent reason for chemotherapy nonreceipt also warrants further investigation to exclude misinformation as underlying cause.
Comparing the Association Between Insurance and Mortality in Ovarian, Pancreatic, Lung, Colorectal, Prostate, and Breast Cancers
Authors: Cole Alexander P. , Lu Chang , Krimphove Marieke J. , Szymaniak Julie , Sun Maxine , Fletcher Sean A. , Lipsitz Stuart R. , Mahal Brandon A. , Nguyen Paul L. , Choueiri Toni K. , Kibel Adam S. , Haider Adil H. , Trinh Quoc-Dien
Published: September 2019

Background: Insurance coverage is associated with better cancer outcomes; however, the relative importance of insurance coverage may differ between cancers. This study compared the association between insurance coverage at diagnosis and cancer-specific mortality (CSM; insurance sensitivity) in 6 cancers. Patients and Methods: Using the SEER cancer registry, data were abstracted for individuals diagnosed with ovarian, pancreatic, lung, colorectal, prostate, or breast cancer in 2007 through 2010. The association between insurance coverage at diagnosis and CSM was modeled using a Fine and Gray competing-risks regression adjusted for demographics. An interaction term combining insurance status and cancer type was used to test whether insurance sensitivity differed between cancers. Separate models were fit for each cancer. To control for lead-time bias and to assess whether insurance sensitivity may be mediated by earlier diagnosis and treatment, additional models were fit adjusting for disease stage and treatment. Results: Lack of insurance was associated with an increased hazard of CSM in all cancers (P<.01). The magnitude of the effect differed significantly between cancers (Pinteraction=.04), ranging from an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.13 (95% CI, 1.01–1.28) in ovarian and 1.19 (95% CI, 1.11–1.29) in pancreatic cancer to 2.19 (95% CI, 2.02–2.37) in breast and 2.98 (95% CI, 2.54–3.49) in prostate cancer. The benefit of insurance was attenuated after adjusting for stage and treatment (eg, screening/early treatment effect), with the largest reductions in prostate, breast, and colorectal cancers. Conclusions: Greater insurance sensitivity was seen in screening-detected malignancies with effective treatments for early-stage disease (eg, prostate, breast, and colorectal cancers). Given that this differential is significantly reduced after adjusting for stage and treatment, our results suggest that a significant portion (but not all) of the benefit of insurance coverage is due to detection and treatment of certain curable early-stage cancers.
Uso de jardins flutuantes na remediação de águas superficiais urbanas poluídas
Authors: Rocha Elis Gean , Feitosa Patrícia Herminio Cunha , Coura Monica de Amorim , Lima Samara Rhúbia de Andrade Araújo , Rodrigues Andrea Carla Lima , Paiva William
Published: September 2019

O enriquecimento por nutrientes em corpos hídricos que causam a eutrofização é um dos grandes problemas das águas superficiais das bacias urbanas, onde este processo é consequência principalmente da poluição por despejos de efluentes sem tratamento. Tendo em vista a necessidade do desenvolvimento sustentável das cidades, surge a procura por alternativas para o tratamento dessas águas poluídas que possam atuar de forma harmônica com a paisagem urbana. Desta forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo a construção de um sistema de jardins flutuantes capaz de remediar as águas eutrofizadas de um pequeno açude localizado no Campus Sede da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande - PB (35°54’30’’ O, 7°12’58’’ S). O experimento foi realizado numa área de 400m² de espelho d’água e a montagem do sistema de jardins foi dividida em três etapas, atingindo no final da terceira etapa, uma cobertura de área superficial de aproximadamente 10%. As estruturas modulares foram construídas de bambu e paletes, sendo utilizadas diferentes espécies de plantas aquáticas e ornamentais e substrato orgânico de fibra de coco. O monitoramento foi feito por coletas semanas, em 13 pontos distribuídos na área experimental. Os parâmetros analisados foram: temperatura, pH, turbidez, OD, DBO e DQO, cujos dados foram submetidos a estatística descritiva, análise de variância, teste de Tukey e espacialização por Geoestatística. Em relação às estruturas dos jardins, tanto as de bambu como as de palete que se mantiveram estáveis e flutuando, proporcionaram bom suporte para o desenvolvimento das plantas, tendo se destacado a Canna x generalis (Cana-da-índia) e o Cyperus papyrus (Papiro). Quanto aos parâmetros foram observadas reduções significativas de matéria orgânica nas três etapas. Considerando as limitações do projeto e as diversas interferências externas que o sistema esteve sujeito num ambiente não controlado, o mesmo se mostrou eficaz na remediação da poluição das águas do açude.
Distribuição da precipitação e da erosividade mensal e anual na Flona Tapajós e seu entorno
Authors: Santos Letícia Souza dos , Barbosa Aline Michelle da Silva , Martorano Lucieta Guerreiro , Moraes José Reinaldo da Silva Cabral de , Aparecido Lucas Eduardo de oliveira
Published: September 2019

A perda de solo por erosão hídrica é uma das principais causas do declínio da produtividade de sistemas agrícolas. Seus mecanismos envolvem os processos de desprendimento, arraste e deposição do material erodido por ação do impacto das gotas de chuva em uma superfície, principalmente com solo sem cobertura vegetal. O objetivo neste trabalho foi estimar o potencial erosivo das chuvas na Flona Tapajós e seu entorno para subsidiar a adoção de práticas conservacionistas de manejo do solo e da água nessa unidade de conservação de uso sustentável. Foram utilizados dados diários de precipitação pluvial referentes aos municípios de Belterra, Santarém e Rurópolis, obtidos nas bases do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET) e Agencia Nacional de Águas (ANA). Fez-se a estimativa do potencial erosivo das chuvas para toda série de dados em cada localidade. Também, para efeito comparativo foram analisados os períodos contendo a mesma série histórica e realizadas análises exploratórias para extrair medidas de dispersão capazes de expressar efeitos decorrentes de processos erosivos, em anos com alta pluviosidade. O índice de anomalias da chuva também foi aplicado aos dados de totais anuais para identificar a ocorrência de anos extremamente chuvosos ou secos. Observa-se que os resultados de erosividade das chuvas apresentam oscilações semelhantes nos três municípios. Destaca-se o ano de 2008 foi o que apresentou o maior valor de erosividade nas três localidades, com 17.761, 20.785 e 17.567 MJ mm h1 ha-1 para os municípios de Belterra, Santarém e Rurópolis, respectivamente. Enquanto que os anos de 1992, 1988 e 2010 apresentaram as menores estimativas. Anos com maior potencial erosivo na área de estudo foram classificados como extremamente chuvosos, indicando a influência de eventos de La Niña no fator erosividade das chuvas. Por outro lado, anos classificados como de redução extrema de chuva os valores de erosividade estimados foram os menores das séries históricas analisadas, apontando a influência de mecanismo como o El Niño, na redução da precipitação e, consequentemente refletindo na redução do potencial erosivo das chuvas na Flona Tapajós e seu entorno.
FMEA como subsídio para a implementação do sistema de gestão ambiental em laboratório da UFRA
Authors: Bezerra Kelly Christina Alves , Dias Yan Nunes , Alves Raynon Joel Monteiro , Filho Hélio Raymundo Ferreira , Pontes Altem Nascimento
Published: September 2019

O Sistema de Gestão Ambiental (SGA), cada vez mais aplicado pelas instituições, tem por finalidade proporcionar qualidade ambiental ao processo produtivo. Nesse contexto, a metodologia FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis – Análise dos Modos de Falha e seus Efeitos) é uma importante ferramenta para subsidiar a implementação do SGA nas instituições de pesquisa, como os dos laboratórios de análises químicas, que são potenciais para a instalação de impactos ambientais. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a aplicação de FMEA no Laboratório de Química do Solo da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), em Belém-PA. Os resultados demonstraram a existência de oito problemas, sendo que os principais são: o despejo inadequado de efluentes, a má gestão de água e o descarte inadequado de resíduos, que devem ter ações corretivas prioritárias; assim como, de imediato, mudanças na postura dos profissionais quanto ao uso e gestão dos recursos laboratoriais, a fim de melhorar o processo de análises químicas. Os demais resultados também devem ser corrigidos, porém não de imediato, e sim, a médio e/ou a longo prazo. O método FMEA demostrou ser eficiente na identificação e avaliação dos riscos ambientais, nas causas e nos efeitos in loco, propondo-se ações preventivas e/ou corretivas e gerando subsídios para a implementação do SGA.
Avaliação da eficiência do método SODIS na desinfecção da água para consumo humano em Pelotas/RS
Authors: Vieira Bruno MÃ¼ller , Golin Natália , Valentini Marlon Heitor kunst , Corrêa Marília Guidotti , Viana Francine Vicentini , Nadaleti Willian Cézar
Published: September 2019

A água contaminada por microrganismos patogênicos é a causadora de diversas doenças de veiculação hídrica, portanto a sua desinfeção se faz necessária. O SODIS é um método barato e simples de desinfecção da água por meio da radiação solar, podendo ser aplicado em comunidades menos favorecidas em infraestrutura e recursos financeiros. O presente trabalho buscou aplicar no município de Pelotas o método SODIS com diferentes tempos de exposição para dias nublados e ensolarados, a fim de determinar o tempo ótimo de exposição para as respectivas condições climáticas. As amostras de água bruta com turbidez menor que 30 NTU, foram expostas à radiação solar em garrafas PET transparentes por um período 6, 7 e 8 horas em dias ensolarados, e por 8, 29 e 32 horas em dias nublados. Após os respectivos tempos de exposição, as amostras de água tiveram suas cargas microbiológicas analisadas pelos parâmetros de Coliformes Totais, Escherichia coli e Coliformes Termotolerates. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios, o método apresentou 100% de eficiência de inativação dos microrganismos analisados, em dias ensolarados a carga microbiológica se mostrou ausente em 8 horas de exposição à energia solar, já em dias nublados o tempo foi de 32 horas, sendo estes os tempos ótimos de exposição à radiação solar para cada condição climática.
A utilização da medicina tradicional chinesa na redução do estresse
Authors: Coelho Náyra Lima , Sousa Jeane Tavares de , Watanabe Luiz Aurelio Rodrigues
Published: September 2019

A Medicina Chinesa apresenta um vasto campo de conhecimento, de origem e de concepção filosófica, abrangendo vários setores ligados à saúde e à doença. A acupuntura é uma delas. Essa técnica consiste em introduzir agulhas metálicas em pontos precisos do corpo do paciente, para o tratamento de diferentes doenças. A ventosaterapia é uma técnica terapêutica que constitui um campo vasto de saberes, que por meio de ventosas, é possível curar várias doenças, incluindo o estresse, uma doença que a cada dia está atingindo o homem, por causa de suas várias funções do dia a dia. Desta forma, o artigo tem como objetivo levantar a discussão sobre o tratamento do estresse por meio da ventosaterapia. O artigo é fundamentado em uma pesquisa bibliográfica, por meio de bases de dados, que foram fundamentais para o fechamento das ideias e leituras diárias. Não foram encontrados muitos estudos em relação a temática, por isso acredita-se que outros estudos devam ser realizados para que sejam identificados a comprovação da cura da ventosaterapia no estresse.
O uso do laser não ablativo no rejuvenescimento facial
Authors: Santos Ana Ruth Brito dos
Published: September 2019

No mundo moderno, a aparência física das pessoas tem uma importância significativa, com relação a diversos pontos do contexto social e profissional. Isso leva a grande maioria a se preocupar com a estética de seu corpo. Dentre os vários tratamentos estéticos e dermatológicos existem a utilização do laser, que é uma fonte de calor aplicada sobre a pele. Tem-se como objetivo conhecer as diferenças dos tipos de tratamentos para o rejuvenescimento facial com a aplicação do laser. Os métodos utilizados foram descritivo e exploratório, com o objetivo quantitativo. O levantamento foi realizado através de pesquisas eletrônicas em periódicos nacionais e internacionais. Foram encontrados 8 artigos, sendo que 4 artigos de revisão bibliográfica (50%), 3 artigos experimentais (37%) e 1 estudo comparativo (13%). Dentre os 8 títulos (100%), 12% refere-se ao uso do Led, 12% utilização de Laser e Led, 63% uso de lasers e 13%, utilização de Luz intensa pulsada. Considerações finais: A tentativa de rejuvenescimento, especialmente no aspecto facial, é possível com a utilização de tratamentos menos agressivos à pele e podem ser realizados com tranquilidade, pois possuem baixo risco de efeitos colaterais.
A preliminary bird list from Río Luis, Veraguas provides further insight into an avian suture zone in Caribbean Panama
Authors: McLaughlin Jessica F , Garzon Jorge Luis , Lopez Ch. Oscar G , Miller Matthew J
Published: September 2019

We present a preliminary list of birds collected on the Caribbean coast of the province of Veraguas, Panama. Here, we found birds not known from the area, instead they were believed to range limits ending either east or west of our collection site. These include: Cnipodectes subbrunneus, Juliamyia julie, Gymnopithys bicolor bicolor, Mionectes (oleagineus) affinis, and western phylospecies of Malacoptila panamensis and Xenops minutus. Our results reaffirm that the coast of Veraguas is an important suture zone between Mesoamerica and South America avifaunas along the Caribbean coast of Panama.
Increasing Cigarette Excise Tax Prevents Smoking Initiation in Children and Finances National Health Insurance in Indonesia
Authors: Purnamasari Ayu Tyas , Pujiyanto Pujiyanto , Thabrany Hasbullah , Nurhasana Renny , Satrya Aryana , Dartanto Teguh
Published: September 2019

AbstractIndonesia has ranked third among countries with the highest number of smokers in Asia because the price of cigarettes in those countries is still affordable. The strategy to make the price of cigarettes is not affordable is increasing cigarette excise tax. This instrument is considered the most effective way to control cigarette consumption. The purpose of this study was to find out how the public perceive the increase of the cigarette excise tax to cover the National Health Insurance (NHI) deficit and to identify the factors which affect such perception. This study used mobile phone survey and the sample were 1000 respondents. The list of potential respondent’s mobile phone numbers was selected using the systematic random sampling method with an interval of 100,000 to 200,000. The result showed that 87.9% respondents agree to increase cigarette price so that the children do not start to smoke. The majority of respondents (86.2%) also agree to increase the price of cigarettes to finance the JKN deficit. Perceptions of respondents who agreed to increase the price of cigarettes to prevent smoking initiation in children also tended to accede the increase in cigarette prices for financing the JKN deficit.  Abstrak Indonesia menempati peringkat ketika jumlah perokok tertinggi di Asia karena harga rokok masih terjangkau. Strategi agar harga rokok tidak terjangkau adalah menaikkan cukai rokok. Instrumen tersebut dinilai paling efektif untuk mengendalikan konsumsi rokok. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi masyarakat terhadap kenaikan cukai rokok untuk pembiayaan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) dan mengidentifikasi faktor yang memengaruhi persepsi tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan survei melalui telepon dengan sampel 1000 responden. Daftar nomor telepon seluler calon responden dipilih dengan cara systematic random sampling interval 100.000 sampai 200.000. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 87,9% setuju harga rokok dinaikkan agar anak-anak tidak mulai merokok. Mayoritas responden (86,2%) juga setuju mengenai kenaikan harga rokok untuk pembiayaan defisit JKN. Persepsi responden yang setuju terhadap kenaikan harga rokok agar mencegah inisisasi merokok pada anak-anak juga cenderung setuju terhadap kenaikan harga rokok untuk pembiayaan defisit JKN.
Positive solutions for the one-dimensional p-Laplacian with nonlinear boundary conditions
Authors: Hai D. D. , Wang X.
Published: September 2019

We prove the existence of positive solutions for the \(p\)-Laplacian problem \[\begin{cases}-(r(t)\phi (u^{\prime }))^{\prime }=\lambda g(t)f(u),& t\in (0,1),\\au(0)-H_{1}(u^{\prime }(0))=0,\\cu(1)+H_{2}(u^{\prime}(1))=0,\end{cases}\] where \(\phi (s)=|s|^{p-2}s\), \(p\gt 1\), \(H_{i}:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}\) can be nonlinear, \(i=1,2\), \(f:(0,\infty )\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) is \(p\)-superlinear or \(p\)-sublinear at \(\infty\) and is allowed be singular \((\pm\infty)\) at \(0\), and \(\lambda\) is a positive parameter.
On the Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces on a time-scale
Authors: Skrzypek Ewa , Szymańska-Dębowska Katarzyna
Published: September 2019

We consider the generalized Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces on a bounded time-scale. We study the standard properties of these spaces and compare them to the classical known results for the Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces on a bounded interval. These results provide the necessary framework for the study of boundary value problems on bounded time-scales.
TRPC3 is a major contributor to functional heterogeneity of cerebellar Purkinje cells
Authors: Wu Bin , Blot François GC , Wong Aaron Benson , Osório Catarina , Adolfs Youri , Pasterkamp R Jeroen , Hartmann Jana , Becker Esther BE , Boele Henk-Jan , De Zeeuw Chris I , Schonewille Martijn
Published: September 2019

Despite the canonical homogeneous character of its organization, the cerebellum plays differential computational roles in distinct sensorimotor behaviors. Previously, we showed that Purkinje cell (PC) activity differs between zebrin-negative (Z–) and zebrin-positive (Z+) modules (Zhou et al., 2014). Here, using gain-of-function and loss-of-function mouse models, we show that transient receptor potential cation channel C3 (TRPC3) controls the simple spike activity of Z–, but not Z+ PCs. In addition, TRPC3 regulates complex spike rate and their interaction with simple spikes, exclusively in Z– PCs. At the behavioral level, TRPC3 loss-of-function mice show impaired eyeblink conditioning, which is related to Z– modules, whereas compensatory eye movement adaptation, linked to Z+ modules, is intact. Together, our results indicate that TRPC3 is a major contributor to the cellular heterogeneity that introduces distinct physiological properties in PCs, conjuring functional heterogeneity in cerebellar sensorimotor integration.
Decoding WW domain tandem-mediated target recognitions in tissue growth and cell polarity
Authors: Lin Zhijie , Yang Zhou , Xie Ruiling , Ji Zeyang , Guan Kunliang , Zhang Mingjie
Published: September 2019

WW domain tandem-containing proteins such as KIBRA, YAP, and MAGI play critical roles in cell growth and polarity via binding to and positioning target proteins in specific subcellular regions. An immense disparity exists between promiscuity of WW domain-mediated target bindings and specific roles of WW domain proteins in cell growth regulation. Here, we discovered that WW domain tandems of KIBRA and MAGI, but not YAP, bind to specific target proteins with extremely high affinity and exquisite sequence specificity. Via systematic structural biology and biochemistry approaches, we decoded the target binding rules of WW domain tandems from cell growth regulatory proteins and uncovered a list of previously unknown WW tandem binding proteins including β-Dystroglycan, JCAD, and PTPN21. The WW tandem-mediated target recognition mechanisms elucidated here can guide functional studies of WW domain proteins in cell growth and polarity as well as in other cellular processes including neuronal synaptic signaling.
An Economic Study on Shrimp Production and Value Chain System in Khulna District of Bangladesh
Authors: Toma N. I. , Islam M. S. , Islam M. A. , Sultana R. , Islam S. , Alam M. N.
Published: September 2019

Shrimp farming and related activities contribute significantly to the national economy of Bangladesh. Per hectare half yearly average yield of shrimp was 350 kg and its money value was Tk. 1, 07,900. Variable cost is 61.29% and fixed cost is 38.71% of the total cost (Tk. 92,190). Among the various variable cost items of shrimp production, maximum cost Tk. 20,000 was found on human labor which was about 35.40% and Tk. 14,770 was found on feed which was about 26.14% of the total variable cost. Again among the various fixed cost items of shrimp production, maximum cost (Tk. 24,375) was found on human labor which was about 68.30% of the total fixed cost. Net returns were estimated at Tk. 1, 49,710 and benefit-cost ratio of shrimp farming was 2.62 which indicates that shrimp production is profitable business for the shrimp farmers. The value chain system continues by the active involvement of farmer, faria, aratdar, bepari, retailer, consumers.
Effect of Annona muricata Leaves Extract on Colon Antioxidant Status and Ketone Bodies in Blood and Urine of Cycas-treated Rats
Authors: Ikenna-Ossai C. N. , Ejiofor C. C. , Avan E. D. , Obi F. O. , Okolie N. P.
Published: September 2019

The effect of Annona muricata methanol leaf extract (AMELE) on colon antioxidant status and ketone bodies in blood and urine of cycas treated rats was investigated. Seventy male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned into seven groups of ten experimental animals in a study that lasted for twenty-eight days. After 28 days, using standard methods, serum and urinary ketone bodies were assayed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidants enzymes in the colon and histopathological analysis were assayed. The results showed ketogenic diet had significant (p<0.05) increase in serum and urinary ketone body levels compared to other groups on normal feed. Annona muricata extract enhanced cellular consumption and uptake of ketone bodies whereas cycas reduced cellular consumption of ketone bodies. Annona muricata given either with ketogenic diet or cycas or with both ketogenic diet and cycas led to higher tissue levels of antioxidant enzymes. Tissue MDA levels were significantly (p<0.05) increased in all cycas treated groups compared to the control group with the highest levels seen in the two groups placed on normal feed and cycas. Lactate dehydrogenase activities were significantly (p<0.05) increases in all the groups placed on ketogenic diet compared to the groups placed on normal feed. Histopathological analysis revealed normal rat colon tissues in all the groups except 43% of the group 2 animals. This therefore indicates that cycas- induced oxidative stress and tissue injury may be mitigated by the combined administration of Annona muricata extract and ketogenic diet.
Impact of Local Global Warming on Rainfall and Annual Cocoa Water Requirements in the Regions of Lôh-Djiboua and Gôh in West-central Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Ehounou Jean-Noël , Kouamé Brou , Tahi Mathias G. , Kassin Emmanuel K. , Dékoula Charles S. , Yao Guy F. , Kouadio Hypolith K. , N’guessan Angelo E. B. , Soro Nagnin
Published: September 2019

Aims: To understand the role of the interannual variability of cumulative rainfall and maximum dry sequences in cocoa production in the Centre-Ouest, one of the cocoa basins in Côte d'Ivoire, in order to propose technical routes more adapted to current rainfall conditions.

Study Design: Collection, analysis and processing of daily rainfall data collected by the rain gauges at Divo and Gagnoa stations.

Location and Duration of Studies: Divo Cocoa Research Station of the National Center for Agricultural Research, between January 2017 and June 2019.

Methodology: The rainfall regime of each locality was determined to assess the impact of rainfall changes on the seasonality of rainfall. The interannual variability of rainfall was studied from the reduced centred rainfall indices. The break years in the time series were detected at both stations from the Khrono Stat software. The interannual cumulative rainfall were analysed for each station and compared to the minimum threshold allowed for cocoa trees. The means of the maximum interannual dry sequences and their probabilities of occurrence were determined using the agrometeorological software called Instat + Version 3.37.

Results: The rainfall regime in the area studied (west-central Côte d'Ivoire) has not been modified by the post-rupture rainfall recession as is the case in other parts of the country; it remains a bimodal system characterized by two rainy seasons and two dries during the year. The Divo and Gagnoa regions have been facing a general recession in rainfall since 1966 in Gagnoa and 1972 in Divo. However, the locality of Gagnoa has experienced an increase in rainfall since 2000. Most of the rupture detection tests identified rainfall rupture dates identical to those indicated by the interannual variability highlighted by the rainfall indices. In Gagnoa and Divo, the interannual cumulative rainfalls after the years of rainfall break are reduced compared to those before these rainfall accidents. This situation has led to an increase in the maximum interannual dry sequences in the departments studied.

Conclusion: Local climate change has created difficult rainfall conditions after years of rainfall break for cocoa trees as their water needs are increasingly reduced, especially in Divo in Lôh-Djiboua where the downward trend in rainfall has been continuous since 1972. In Gagnoa since the beginning of this century, there has been a new wet period that allows rainfall to adequately meet the cocoa tree's water requirements.
Study of Functional Properties for Different Blends of Flours
Authors: Kalu C. E. , Alaka I. C. , Ekwu F. C.
Published: September 2019

Functional properties of flour blends from water yam, yellow maize and African yam bean were investigated in this study. Standard method for dry- milling operation was used in the flour processing. Four flour samples were compounded in the ratios of (AFK) 40%WY: 30%YM: 30%AYB; (BGL) 50%WY: 20%YM: 30%AYB; (CHM) 60% WY: 10%YM: 30%AYB (DIN) and 100%WY (EJO) was used as control. Standard methods were used to determine the functional properties. The result showed that bulk density which influences packaging arrangement ranged from 0.58 to 0.76 g/ml; water solubility index ranged from 5.80 to 9.20 g/g and water absorption capacity ranged from 1.00 to 1.46 g/g, the oil absorption capacity ranged from 1.44 to 2.02 g/g. Addition of yellow maize and African yam bean improved significantly (p<0.05) the functional properties of the flour blend generally and particularly flour sample (DIN) 60%WY: 10%YM: 30%AYB. The improvement in the functional properties would enhance both the nutritional and sensory properties of the flour mixtures.
Anti-arthritic Activity of a Herbal Formulation (Jointeez) in Albino Wistar Rats
Authors: Elechi-Amadi Kemzi N. , Nwachuku Edna O. , Tamuno-Emine Davies G. , Nduka Nsirim , Briggs Ojoye N. , Teme Raphael
Published: September 2019

Aim: This study evaluated the anti-arthritic activity of a herbal formulation used in the management of rheumatoid arthritis in Nigeria.

Design: Thirty-five (35) albino wistar rats were used. They were divided into seven groups of seven rats each, with Group A serving as negative control while Group B was the positive control. Groups B, C, D and E were induced with rheumatoid arthritis by injecting 0.1 ml of Complete Freund’s Adjuvant into the right hind paw of each rat. The rats were treated with the standard drug and herbal formulation respectively for 28 days as follows: Group C (treated with a standard drug, Celebrex), Group D (treated with the herbal drug, Jointeez), Group E (treated with a combination therapy of Jointeez and Celebrex). At the end of the 28-day treatment period, the rats were anaesthesized with chloroform and sacrificed through puncture of the jugular vein. Five millilitres (5 ml) of blood samples were put into plain bottles for the analysis of biochemical parameters.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, from September to December, 2018.

Methodology:  The inflammatory markers, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein, were analysed using ELISA technique.

Results: The levels of TNF-α (p<0.001), IL-6 (p =0.01) and C-reactive protein (p <0.001) were significantly reduced in the treated rats compared to the positive control group. There were significant reduction in the paw diameters of the treated rats (p <0.001). The combination therapy used in this study did not offer significantly different therapeutic advantage over the monotherapies used in this study. The herbal formulation used in this study offered similar therapeutic activities as the orthodox drug used in this study.

Conclusion: The herbal formulations can be used as safe therapies for the management of rheumatoid arthritis in our population. It is recommended that herbal formulations be integrated into our healthcare system in the management of rheumatoid arthritis.