bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Limites e possibilidades da teoria bourdieusiana
Authors: Santana Izabel Jensen
Published: December 2023

Há uma série de fatores internos e externos à escola que podem ser associados à desigualdade de rendimento escolar. A teoria de Pierre Bourdieu e Jean-Claude Passeron revela-se como um importante recurso para denunciar e combater tais desigualdades. Diante disso, a fim de verificar a desigualdade relacionada ao desempenho escrito, foram selecionados os dados disponibilizados pelo Inep, no que diz respeito ao perfil dos participantes do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio, bem como seus resultados na redação. O corpus deste estudo é de 1.154.800, composto por indivíduos que realizaram a redação do Enem, no período entre 2009 e 2018, que obtiveram nota zero ou nota mil em seu texto. O recorte dos resultados foi realizado devido à grande disparidade de redações com nota máxima e mínima. Por meio da análise da variável: sexo/ gênero, objetivou-se identificar os limites e as possibilidades da teoria bourdieusiana para compreender esse fenômeno. Verificou-se que a teoria apresenta certa fragilidade no que diz respeito ao uso dessa variável, tendo isso em vista, foram apontados outros caminhos para realizar tal análise quanto aos resultados obtidos na redação do Enem.
Triangle and quadrilateral learning design through geogebra assisted discovery learning
Authors: Dinda Nur Salsabila  , Dedi Muhtadi  , Eko Yulianto
Published: December 2023

[English]: This research aims to design and implement a triangle and quadrilateral learning design using the Discovery Learning model supported by Geogebra, as well as evaluating students' learning outcomes. The research method employed is design research consisting of three stages: preliminary design, design experiment, and retrospective analysis. Data collection in this study involves the use of observation techniques to observe relevant aspects during the learning process. Additionally, the learning process is recorded to gather data on student activities during the design experiment phase. Interviews are used to delve deeper into information regarding potential issues that may arise. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 2 Cisaga, involving two classes, namely the pilot experiment class and the teaching experiment class. The research results indicate that the use of tile and gypsum profile contexts in teaching the concepts of perimeter and area of triangles and quadrilaterals significantly contributes to helping students build a fundamental understanding of the related concepts and formulas. Furthermore, the utilization of learning pathways within the context of tiles and gypsum profiles through the Discovery Learning model with the assistance of Geogebra also has a positive impact on students' understanding of the perimeter and area of triangles and quadrilaterals.
[Bahasa]: Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan menerapkan desain pembelajaran segitiga dan segiempat dengan menggunakan model Discovery Learning berbantuan Geogebra, serta evaluasi capaian hasil belajar siswa. Metode penelitian menggunakan design research yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan, yaitu: preliminary design, design experiment, dan retrospective analysis. Proses pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan teknik observasi untuk mengamati aspek-aspek terkait selama proses pembelajaran. Selain itu, proses pembelajaran direkam untuk mendapatkan data mengenai aktivitas siswa selama tahap percobaan desain. Wawancara digunakan untuk mendalami informasi terkait potensi permasalahan yang muncul. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 2 Cisaga, melibatkan dua kelas, yakni kelas pilot experiment dan kelas teaching experiment. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa penggunaan konteks ubin dan profil gypsum dalam pembelajaran konsep keliling dan luas segitiga serta segiempat memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam membantu siswa membangun pemahaman konsep dasar dan rumus terkait materi tersebut. Selain itu, penggunaan lintasan belajar dengan konteks ubin dan profil gypsum melalui model pembelajaran Discovery Learning berbantuan Geogebra juga berdampak positif terhadap pemahaman siswa terhadap materi keliling dan luas segitiga serta segiempat.
Negative Responses toward Москва - Moskva Song by Timati in 2019
Authors: Elfira Mina , Prinandatama Dzulfiqar Patriot
Published: December 2023

This study discusses the negative response of the people of Russia and Moscow to the song Moskva by Timati, the song with the most dislikes in Russia on the video provider site, Youtube. The writer analyzes the data by using Reception theory by Stuart Hall in analyzing people's response, and propaganda theory by Jowett and O'Donnell in finding the causes of protests over this song. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis, literature study, and interview techniques to obtain the required response data. The results of this study are that the many protests over this song are caused by propaganda elements contained in the song lyrics. The lyrics contains lines and verses, viewed from the lens of propaganda, that are heavily political and leans towards a biased belief of one political spectrum. Other than lyrical aspects, the visualization of the song through its music video also contains propagandistic trait. This is manifested through the abundance of skyscrapers in Moscow shown in the music video which signify the urbanized part of the city, leaving the undesired part enclosed. The combination of the song’s internality and responses results in a comprehensive outlook for the song.
The effect of library exterior design building on increasing student’s personal branding through selfie
Authors: Wicaksono Moch Fikriansyah , Al As’hal Ajrun ‘Azhim , Attri Rajeev Kumar
Published: December 2023

Background of the study: The exterior design of the library building is an alternative in attracting visitors to come and visit. However, in reality this is not only limited as a means of promotion, it can even be a means of enhancing personal branding. This situation is currently happening to student of IPII UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung who like to take selfies with the exterior view of the library building
Purpose: This research aims to explain the effect of the exterior design of the UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah library building on increasing student personal branding through selfies
Method: This research uses quantitative methods with explanative approach. Data collection techniques through questionnaires, literature study, and observation. The population and sample were 50 students of IPII at UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung who took selfies with the exterior background of the library building and used quota sampling for sampling.
Findings: The results explain that there is an influence between the exterior design of the library building on student personal branding through selfies with a significance value of 0.000<0.005 and an influence value of 35.3%.
Conclusion: The exterior design of the UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung library building had a significant impact on the personal branding of IPII students in the form of an increase in the number of likes, followers, comments, viewers. Some even got Paid Promote offers and endorsements
The role of @literarybase X account in fulfilling information literation needs
Authors: Amani Nisrina , Hadiapurwa Angga , Khaerunnisa Syafitri Nanda , Nugraha Hafsah
Published: December 2023

Background of the study: X is a social media used mainly by the public as a source of information and can fulfill its users' information needs, including the @literarybase account, which discusses literature and books. Through this, it is expected to increase information literacy skills through information search activities to meet the information needs of its users.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the role of auto-base @literarybase in meeting the information literacy needs of its followers.
Method: The method used is quantitative with survey techniques. Data was collected online through the distribution of Google form questionnaires to followers of the @literarybase account with a Likert scale as a measurement, and analysis was carried out descriptively.
Findings: The @literarybase account has played a role in meeting the information needs and training the information literacy skills of its followers. In content gratification, the @literarybase account fulfills the needs of information sharing and information seeking. In the gratification process, the @literarybase account fulfills entertainment, pass time, escape, habit, and self-expression needs. In social gratification, the @literarybase account fulfills the information needs through social interaction. Finally, regarding technology gratification, the @literarybase account fulfills information needs in the form of relative advantage.
Conclusion: The @literarybase account has played a role in meeting information needs and training information literacy skills for its account followers. However, several aspects still need to be fully met, such as the need for self-document in content gratification, the need for campaigns in process gratification, the need for status seeking in social gratification, and the need for social compliance in technology gratification.
The Contribution of the Surabaya State University Library in Promoting Open Access Information Sources
Authors: Hariyati Mutty , Awaliatul Ma’rifah  , Ramadhani Humayyun Nabila , Hudiana Aden Aris
Published: December 2023

Background of the problem: Library, as a part of universities that create institutional scientific works bears responsibility for serving as both the central database for the scientific publications the library subscribes to and a platform for the management of institutional scientific works. Open access facilitates simpler access to and use of information while hastening the process of information distribution.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine how university libraries support open access information sources.
Method: In this study, interviews were employed to collect data using a qualitative research methodology.
Findings: The data indicated that libraries and librarians promoted the availability of OA information sources through the library page, which can be viewed at https://library.unesa.ac.id.
Conclusion: To ensure that lecturers and students have access to a variety of scientific information sources, it is crucial for university libraries to develop and promote open access information sources.
Implementation of the library automation system in high schools in Surabaya City
Authors: Kristyanto Dian , Shintawati Yanuastrid
Published: December 2023

Background of the study: High school-level school libraries in the city of Surabaya have begun to develop services and facilities, one of which is by building a library automation system. Problems arise about the orientation of the development carried out whether it aims to build benefits or only to meet the needs of the library.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of the library automation system development that has been carried out by senior high schools in the city of Surabaya
Method: The method used in this research is a quantitative approach focusing on the type of descriptive quantitative. The study used a sample of 60 respondents taken from a specified population of 266 high school library managers. The sampling technique used snowball sampling, then data collection using a questionnaire distributed via google form over three weeks.
Findings: all variables used gave positive results because the value of the mode generated from each variable showed an answer which could mean that the respondents agreed with the variables that supported the implementation of the high school library automation system in Surabaya.
Conclusion: This study resulted in the finding that the library manager has carried out the implementation because of the benefits generated by the library automation system.
New species and combinations in Machilus and Phoebe (Lauraceae) in Thailand and Cambodia
Authors:   Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Scotland, Middleton David J.
Published: December 2023

Three new species of Machilus and one new species of Phoebe in Thailand are described and illustrated. Three new combinations for species of Machilus in Thailand and Cambodia are made.
Investigation of the stability of samples in the form of a sphere with a hole from a semi-finished product obtained by injection molding of plastic ceramic material based on powders SiC, WC, AlN
Authors: Psiarnetska Tetiana , Tsysar Maksym , Leshchuk Oleksandr , Babak Anton
Published: December 2023

Experimental work was carried out according to the concept of shape stability. Developed at the Institute of Superhard Materials. VM Bakul NASU injection molding plant made a semi-finished product in the form of a ball with a hole of thermoplastic mass based on powders SiC, WC, AlN according to the established technological parameters, optimized by the results of computer modeling. Based on the developed scheme of conducting mechanical tests on the installation of FP-10 samples from the injected semi-finished product and analyzed the nature of the destruction. An increase in the compaction of the thermoplastic mass around the injection point has been experimentally proven. Based on experimental data, a scheme of the actual destruction of the crack distribution at intermediate stages of testing to complete destruction of the samples was created. It is shown that the failure occurs in the area of the calculated junction lines, which have become stress concentrators.
Additive technologies in aircraft manufacturing
Authors: Kliuchnikov Yuriy , Dubniuk Viktor , Serditov Oleksandr , Poleshko Alexander
Published: December 2023

During the preparation of educational material for the distance training course for higher education applicants in the specialty 134 Aviation and rocket-space engineering, a study of the specifics of the application of various technological processes in the manufacture of parts was conducted. In particular, it was determined how widely additive technologies are used at the enterprises of the world's leading companies, how effectively justified their use in such a special direction of mechanical engineering. The analysis demonstrated the extraordinary efficiency of the 3D printing process for the manufacture of a wide range of parts for various purposes – from exposed to high temperatures to that must withstand significant sign-changing loads. The activities of the employees of the department of laser technology and physical and technical technologies for the implementation of 3D modeling and 3D printing technologies in the educational process to demonstrate the capabilities of advanced technological processes were also considered.
Bifurcation of technical systems – prototypes of new instrumental materials
Authors: Posviatenko Eduard , Posviatenko Nataliia , Mozgoviy Oleksandr
Published: December 2023

Activities in the field of technology take place according to the laws of synergy. Invention is a component of technical systems. The key issue when creating an invention is the search for a prototype. The effectiveness of the invention depends on the correct definition of the prototype. If a known system has exhausted its useful properties, it becomes necessary to improve it. The occurrence of such a limit should be considered the bifurcation point of the system. It is appropriate to take the system itself as a prototype of the invention. The purpose of the study is the influence of the laws of synergy on the creation of a new technical solution. The main idea is to search for permissible values of material properties as bifurcation points and to determine them on the basis of this prototype of the invention. The prototype for the invention of hard alloys is high-speed steel, for diamond tools - hard alloys, for combined diamond-hard alloy material (Slavutich) - large single crystals of natural diamonds, for material with protective coatings - traditional tool material. Thus, searching for a prototype of a known technical solution for an invention from the point of view of the laws of synergy is the determination of the bifurcation point of the system.
Increasing the mechanical properties of cast aluminum alloy
Authors: Zlochevska Nataliya , Titov Viacheslav , Ivanytsia V.
Published: December 2023

The paper considers the issues of increasing the mechanical properties of the secondary aluminum alloy AK7. To improve the properties used the scheme of screw expanding pressing (SUE). The results of experimental studies have shown that the strength characteristics increase, and their values increase in relation to the source metal by 15%, after the second treatment by 20%, after the third by 25%. The relative elongation of the samples in the experiments on uniaxial stretching, practically unchanged. The value of microhardness increases with increasing degree of accumulated deformation. It is shown that after the third transition in the central zone the value of the accumulated deformation is approximately equal to the amount of deformation after the first pass in the edge zone.
Master's educational program "Smart industry" of the Kherson National Technical University as a perspective of the post-war recovery of the industrial complex of the southern region of Ukraine
Authors: Dmytriyev Dmitriy , Polyvoda Oksana , Seliverstov Igor
Published: December 2023

The promising educational program "Smart Industry" for the preparation of masters in specialty 131-Applied Mechanics, which will be introduced in 2023 at the Kherson National Technical University, is presented. Justification is provided from the side of production needs, accumulated experience of leading institutions of higher education, research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and government strategic documents. The main aspects of the profile of this education program are presented for discussion and improvement.
The drilling process impact on the parameters of the polymer composite materials processing quality
Authors: Lupkin Borys , Andreev Oleksiy , Maiorova Kateryna , Antonyuk Viktor
Published: December 2023

The paper examines the influence of the drilling process on the strength characteristics of fibrous polymer composite materials. Experimental studies of the polymer composite materials processing with spiral drills and cutting edges of P18 and VK8 with a diameter of 5 mm were conducted in cutting modes in accordance with the technological recommendations of TI 36-39-89 (SE "Antonov").
To analyze the temperature factor influence on the strength indicators of carbon fiber ELUR-P-01 and fiberglass T-10-14 in the drilling process, experiments were conducted in accordance with the ASTM-D5766 standard (USA). Temperature measurements during drilling were carried out with a non-contact infrared pyrometer DT-8865. Research on the ultimate strength of samples with holes was performed on the INSTROM - 5582 installation.
It was established that the polymer composite materials strength of bolted joints working under compression is higher when processed with carbide drills with cutting edges with VK8, which can be explained by the fact that the tool made of carbide material promotes more intensive heat removal from the cutting zone and reduces the force load due to cutting edges of the drill.
Strength and deformity of the osteosynthesis system of a damaged upper jaw with orthodontic apparatus
Authors: Kryshchuk Mukola , Filonenko Valeriy , Kopchak Andriy , Tymoshenko Oleksandr
Published: December 2023

Mathematical modeling was used to determine the stress-strain state of the developed simulation model of the biomechanical system "Orthodontic appliance – maxilla". The patterns of changes in the stress state were determined and the values of deformation displacements in the structural elements of the biomechanical system were determined under a force stress of the orthodontic device with an amplitude of 50 N. The strength and strain changes of the mutual location of unfused maxillary fragments and the orthodontic appliance of a given type were evaluated using the data of a numerical experiment. Simulation computer modeling of the stress-strain state of the system showed that activation of the kinematic mechanism of the appliance with a force of 50 N causes the emergence of a complex stress-strain state of midface bones, which contain tensile, compressive, shear and torsion deformations. Equivalent von Mises stresses in the maxillary bone tissue are distributed unevenly. When the orthodontic appliance is activated, there is an asymmetry in the distribution of stresses between the right and left sides both for the appliance itself and for the maxillary bone tissue. When the appliance is activated with a force of 50 N, the stresses in the base of the appliance and bone tissue do not exceed the maximum permissible values.
Thermoelectromechanical behavior of three-dimensional layered piezoelectric viscoelastic cylindrical panel under forced vibrations
Authors: Kozlov Volodymyr , Zinchuk Liubov , Lelyukh Yuriy
Published: December 2023

The paper presents a numerical technique for solving problems of forced vibrations and dissipative heating of viscoelastic three-dimensional piezoelectric bodies of revolution. Finding a solution to such problems is reduced to solving a sequence of linear problems of electroviscoelasticity with complex electromechanical characteristics and problems of non-stationary thermal conductivity with a known heat source. The developed technique for solving the specified linear problems of electromechanics and heat conduction is based on the method of finite elements in the variational formulation. The results of numerical modeling of the thermoelectromechanical behavior of a three-layer viscoelastic piezoelectric cylindrical panel in the case of rigid fixation of its ends under mechanical harmonic loading are presented. The influence of the magnitude of the mechanical load on the amplitude-frequency and temperature-frequency characteristics in the vicinity of the first resonance was investigated.
Regarding the possibility of using the SEVNB method to determine the fracture resistance of glass
Authors: Khvorostianyi Vadym , Bodunov Volodymyr , Kachynska Iryna , Khvorostiana N.
Published: December 2023

Background. Today, methods have been developed that take into account the of the feature initiation and development of cracks in the material during fracture, and the corresponding calculation equations have been proposed. However, the problem of reliably determining the fracture resistance of glass is relevant and requires attention when creating responsible elements of constructions.
Objective. Solving the problem of the possibility of determining the fracture resistance of glass of different chemical composition by the SEVNB method, checking the reliability of the obtained results by comparing them with data from literary sources.
Methods. The SEVNB method consisted in testing of the standard sample with an applied stress concentrator in the form of a V-notch under three or four-point bending.
Results. The values of the critical stress intensity factor of the studied glasses were determined within 0.5...1.0 MPa·m1/2. The subject of research was silicate float glass for technical purposes (soda-lime glass), quartz (fused silica glass) and optical (heavy flint SF5) glass.
Conclusions. The obtained values of the fracture resistance of the glasses were conformed with the known literary data of its determination according to the IF method common in practice. It has been shown that the SEVNB method can be used to determine the fracture resistance of glasses provided that all the testing requirements specified in BS EN ISO 23146:2016 are met. The research method allows obtaining results with tolerable accuracy and can be considered open and relatively simple for its using in scientific research and production spheres.
‘Words Escape Me’: How working women experience cognitive menopause symptoms
Authors: Root Helen
Published: December 2023

More women than ever before are working during the menopause transition, yet studying menopause from a career perspective is in its infancy. This study explored how women reporting cognitive menopause symptoms make sense of their experiences in the workplace by linking participants narratives, to the social construction of menopause. Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to reveal how self-concept can be called into question thus impacting professional identity and career decisions.
Emerging insights from a peer-to-peer social justice careers education programme
Authors: Pittea Maithili , Saqib Asra , Oxley Laura , Coulshed Helen
Published: December 2023

The Inclusive Careers Education Ambassador (ICEA) programme at King’s College London was designed to focus on the careers education experience of historically underrepresented groups in UK higher education. The project has been co-created and delivered by staff and students within the Faculty of Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences (NMES). Student researchers took an active participant observation approach when reviewing the ICEA programme, drawing on social justice principles. This article explores the rationale for the programme and evaluates key outcomes from the first two years. It finds that by combining extensive training, flexibility in co-creating peer activities, and a department-focused approach, the programme has enthused and engaged stakeholders, and has enabled transformative learning experiences across the Faculty’s staff and student body.
Economy of Scale of Energy Intensity in Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR)
Authors: Rapp Alyson H. , Sowby Robert B. , Williams Gustavious
Published: December 2023

More water utilities are adopting Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) to balance long-term water supply and demand. Due to large implementation and operation costs, ASR projects need to be optimized, particularly for energy use, which is a major operating expense. This study examines the relationships among energy use, recharge, and recovery at two ASR projects in the western United States. The major finding is an economy of scale for recovery processes, but not for gravity-fed recharge processes. The economy of scale found is as follows: the energy intensity recovered decreases with volume. This suggests it is more energy-efficient to recover large volumes of water in one interval instead of recovering smaller volumes at more frequent intervals. The H2Oaks recovery process experienced a 78% decrease in energy intensity from 0 to 50,000 m3 recovered, while the Sand Hollow site experienced a 43% decrease in energy intensity from 0 to 50,000 m3 recovered. Statistical analyses of the recovery process showed p values lower than 0.0001, R2 values between 0.43 and 0.57, and a RMSE value between 0.55 and 2.1, indicating the presence of a moderate correlation between energy and volume. This economy of scale has been observed in multiple instances in water and wastewater treatment. This finding not only has applications to ASR but also all recovery or recharge wells, whether or not they are paired with each other. Furthermore, this study confirms the need for more reliable and accessible energy data to fully understand the implications of the energy–water nexus.
A new Proposal for the Interpretation of the Diagonal Compression Test on Masonry Wallettes: the Identification of Young’s Modulus, Poisson’s Ratio, and Modulus of Rigidity
Authors: Ferretti Elena
Published: December 2023

This paper is the continuation of a previous study, which highlighted some inconsistencies in the RILEM guidelines for the interpretation of the diagonal compression test. Despite being improvements compared to the ASTM guidelines, in fact, the RILEM guidelines underestimate the state of hydrostatic stress induced by the diagonal compression test at the center of the wallette. The new interpretation of the diagonal compression test proposed in this article shows that the RILEM guidelines actually underestimate both the hydrostatic and the deviatoric stress states at the center of the wallette. The new formulation complies with the linear elastic theory and allows us to use the the diagonal compression test to identify the three elastic coefficients of masonry. In particular, it allows the identification of the Poisson ratio, which instead takes on a conventional value in the RILEM and ASTM guidelines. The one order of magnitude difference between the conventional and proposed Poisson’s ratio is in accordance with experimental results on brittle materials, in general, and concrete solids, in particular. Finally, the new proposal fills the gap between the results provided by the two tests usually performed to identify the shear behavior of masonry: the diagonal compression test and the shear-compression test.
Navigating Uncertainty: Teachers’ Insights on Their Preservice Training and Its Influence on Self-Efficacy during the COVID-19 Pandemic”
Authors: Nissim Yonit , Simon Eitan
Published: December 2023

his quantitative study investigates teachers' perceptions of self-efficacy during the COVID-19 pandemic and explores the correlation between these perceptions and the preservice training they received. The research addresses the cognitive connection between teachers' current self-efficacy, particularly their satisfaction with and appreciation of preservice lecturers. Utilizing a retrospective lens, the study reveals a significant correlation between teachers' evaluation of their preservice training, especially their appreciation of lecturers, and their present self-efficacy. The findings highlight that teachers, amidst the challenges of the pandemic, evaluated their self-efficacy at a remarkably high level. This underscores their resilience during a period of unprecedented uncertainty, demanding substantial personal and professional adaptability. The nuanced interplay observed suggests that teachers' sense of self-efficacy serves as a predictive variable of their mental and professional resilience when confronting uncertainty and navigating rapid and profound changes, as exemplified by the exigencies of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Strength and Deformation Characteristics of Waste Mud–Solidified Soil
Authors: Tang Yan , Jiang Han , Yang Zide , Xiong Shiyao , Xu Gaofeng , Shu Shi
Published: December 2023

The treatment, disposal, and resource utilization of waste mud are challenges for engineering construction. This study investigates the road performance of waste mud–solidified soil and reveals the mechanism of how solidifying materials influence the strength and deformation characteristics of waste mud. Waste mud, collected from a highway reconstruction project, was mixed with ordinary Portland cement as a solidifying material. Unconfined compressive strength tests, consolidated undrained triaxial shear tests, resonant column tests, and consolidation compression tests were conducted to evaluate the solidification effect. The test results show that with an increase in cement content from 5% to 9%, the unconfined compressive strength of the waste mud–solidified soil increased by over 100%, the curing time was extended from 3 days to 28 days, and the unconfined compressive strength increased by approximately 70%. However, an increase in initial water content from 40% to 60% reduced the unconfined compressive strength by 50%. With the increase of cement content from 5% to 9%, the cohesion and friction angles increased by approximately 78% and 24%, respectively. The initial shear modulus under dynamic shear increased by approximately 38% and the shear strain corresponding to a damping ratio decay to 70% of the initial shear modulus decreased by nearly 11%. The compression coefficient decreased by approximately 55%. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction tests showed that a higher cement content led to the formation of more hydration reaction products, especially an increase in the content of AlPO4. The bonding material between soil particles significantly increased, exerting a bonding and filling effect on soil particles and firmly adhering them together. Consequently, the strength of the waste mud–solidified soil increased significantly while its compressibility decreased.
Driving Strategies for Omnidirectional Mobile Robots with Offset Differential Wheels
Authors: Badia Torres Joan , Perez Gracia Alba , Domenech Carles
Published: December 2023

In this work we present some driving strategies for a type of omnidirectional mobile robot, the offset-differential robot. This system presents omnidirectionality while using any type of standard wheels, allowing for applications in all terrain. The work is based on the full kinematic and dynamic analysis of the robot, including the passive elements, to explain some unexpected behaviors that appear during its motion. The stable and unstable behaviors are characterized and some driving strategies are stated in order to achieve the desired performance regarding precise positioning and speed.
Polymer Waveguide Sensor Based on Evanescent Bragg Grating for Lab-on-a-Chip Applications
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Abdalwareth Ahmad , Flachenecker Günter , Angelmahr Martin , Schade Wolfgang
Published: December 2023

In this work, an evanescent Bragg grating sensor inscribed in a few-mode planar polymer waveguide was integrated in microchannel structures and characterized with various chemical applications. The planar waveguide and the microchannels consisted of epoxide-based polymers. The Bragg grating structure was post-processed using point-by-point direct inscription technology. By monitoring the central wavelength shift of the reflected Bragg signal, the sensor showed a temperature sensitivity of -47.75 pm/K. Moreover, the functionality of the evanescent field-based measurements is demonstrated with two application examples: refractive index sensing of different aqueous solutions and gas-phase hydrogen concentration detection. For the latter application, the sensor was additionally coated with a functional layer based on palladium nanoparticles. During the refractive index sensing measurement, the sensor achieved a sensitivity of 6.5 nm/RIU from air to 99.9% pure isopropyl alcohol. For the gas-phase hydrogen detection, the coated sensor achieved a reproducible concentration detection up to 4 vol% hydrogen. According to the reported experimental results, the integrated Bragg grating-based waveguide sensor demonstrates high potential for applications based on lab-on-a-chip concept.
Cellular automata with locators
Authors: Gasanov Elyar Eldarovich
Published: December 2023

The article introduces a new mathematical object - a cellular automaton with locators. It is obtained by adding a new feature to the cellular automaton - send signals to the «ether» and receive from the «ether» the total signal of all elementary automata. The work is of an overview nature. It gives the history of the emergence of the concept of a cellular automaton with locators and describes the results obtained in this area.
Data Augmentation for Semantic Segmentation Using a Real Image Dataset Captured Around the Tsukuba City Hall
Authors: Ueda Yuriko , Adachi Miho , Morioka Junya , Wada Marin , Miyamoto Ryusuke
Published: December 2023

We are exploring the use of semantic scene understanding in autonomous navigation for the Tsukuba Challenge. However, manually creating a comprehensive dataset that covers various outdoor scenes with time and weather variations to ensure high accuracy in semantic segmentation is onerous. Therefore, we propose modifications to the model and backbone of semantic segmentation, along with data augmentation techniques. The data augmentation techniques, including the addition of virtual shadows, histogram matching, and style transformations, aim to improve the representation of variations in shadow presence and color tones. In our evaluation using images from the Tsukuba Challenge course, we achieved the highest accuracy by switching the model to PSPNet and changing the backbone to ResNeXt. Furthermore, the adaptation of shadow and histogram proved effective for critical classes in robot navigation, such as road, sidewalk, and terrain. In particular, the combination of histogram matching and shadow application demonstrated effectiveness for data not included in the base training dataset.
Trial of Utilization of an Environmental Map Generated by a High-Precision 3D Scanner for a Mobile Robot
Authors: Sekine Rikuto , Tomizawa Tetsuo , Tarao Susumu
Published: December 2023

In recent years, high-precision 3D environmental maps have attracted the attention of researchers in various fields and have been put to practical use. For the autonomous movement of mobile robots, it is common to create an environmental map in advance and use it for localization. In this study, to investigate the usefulness of 3D environmental maps, we scanned physical environments using two different simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) approaches, specifically a wearable 3D scanner and a 3D LiDAR mounted on a robot. We used the scan data to create 3D environmental maps consisting of 3D point clouds. Wearable 3D scanners can be used to generate high-density and high-precision 3D point-cloud maps. The application of high-precision maps to the field of autonomous navigation is expected to improve the accuracy of self-localization. Navigation experiments were conducted using a robot, which was equipped with the maps obtained from the two approaches described. Autonomous navigation was achieved in this manner, and the performance of the robot using each type of map was assessed by requiring it to halt at specific landmarks set along the route. The high-density colored environmental map generated from the wearable 3D scanner’s data enabled the robot to perform autonomous navigation easily with a high degree of accuracy, showing potential for usage in digital twin applications.
Navigation System for Personal Mobility Vehicles Following a Cluster of Pedestrians in a Corridor Using Median of Candidate Vectors Observer
Authors: Matsunaga Nobutomo , Yamamoto Ikuo , Okajima Hiroshi
Published: December 2023

In recent years, personal mobility vehicles have been required to operate autonomously in places with numerous pedestrians. A navigation method using a single human-following scheme is used to avoid collision with pedestrians. However, in many cases, a single human-following method cannot be successfully used for guidance. In crowded places, pedestrians do not always keep walking in the desired direction a user wants to go, and the vehicle must change the target pedestrian frequently. Instead of following a single pedestrian, we propose a method for the vehicle to follow a cluster of pedestrians for stable and robust following. First, the pedestrians around the vehicle are detected by multiple RGB-D cameras, and the pedestrians are tracked using YOLO and Deep Sort. Pedestrians are classified according to their walking direction, and the cluster of pedestrians walking toward the goal is selected and followed. However, the position of pedestrian is sometimes lost in occlusions and the accuracy of the walking direction depends on the distance and pose detected by the sensors. A notable problem is that the cluster of pedestrians is unstable in the cluster following; therefore, a median of candidate vectors (MCV) observer is used to remove outliers caused by observation errors. The proposed method is applied to a scenario involving pedestrians walking toward an elevator hall in a building, and its effectiveness is verified through experiments.
High-Resolution Point Cloud Registration Method for Three-Dimensional Piping Measurements
Authors: Akiyama Jin , Zong Yuan , Shinada Naoki , Suzuki Taro , Amano Yoshiharu
Published: December 2023

In this study, we propose a method for generating highly accurate high-density point clouds of piping facilities using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) laser scanner and a handheld laser scanner. The point cloud for each scanline measured by the UAV scanner is repositioned on the piping axis, and the handheld scanner’s 3D point cloud is subsequently registered so that the center axis of the piping coincides with the UAV point cloud as a reference. The method proposed in this study was used to accurately reconstruct linear piping measured in high winds, which can easily deteriorate measurement accuracy. Whereas the conventional method incurred a deviation of 44.3 mm between the predicted and true values at altitudes of 15 m, the proposed method reduced this deviation to 19.4 mm. An application of the registration method demonstrated that the combined use of the two laser scanners enabled the creation of a high-density point cloud.
Development of Human-Size Swallowing Robot
Authors: Sato Hisaki , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Matsumoto Kenta , Hashimoto Takuya , Michiwaki Yukihiro
Published: December 2023

The number of patients with swallowing disorders is increasing according to the aging of society, although swallowing plays a significant role in the dietary process. The process of swallowing includes a very fast reflexive motion; there are difficulties in analyzing its mechanism even with the latest medical imaging technologies. In recent years, a simulator, named “Swallow Vision®,” has been developed from medical images such as MRI and CT to clearly visualize swallowing motion. It enables us to understand the kinesiology and analyze the motion of organs in swallowing. By using kinematic data obtained from this simulator and referring to medical knowledge, we develop a robotic simulator that has the potential to mimic human swallowing motion. The robot is able to perform tongue depressor and pharynx contraction to swallow food bolus. A performance evaluation is conducted to determine whether it is possible to swallow food bolus properly or where the bolus remains when failing.
FORMATION AND DECOMPOSITION OF ANOMALOUS SUPERSATURATED MOLYBDENUM SOLUTIONS IN COPPER-BASED CONDENSATES
Authors: Riaboshtan Valetyn , Zubkov Anatoly
Published: December 2023

Cu-Mo condensates in the concentration range of the latter from 0.3 to 1.5 at.%, obtained by simultaneous evaporation in vacuum with subsequent condensation of the resulting vapor mixture on a non-orienting substrate (PVD method), were studied. The components of this system do not form chemical compounds under equilibrium conditions and are mutually insoluble in liquid and solid states. The structure of Cu-Mo condensates was studied by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry both in the derivative state and after a series of isothermal anneals in the temperature range from 300 to 900°C. It was found that small concentrations of molybdenum lead to significant dispersion of the matrix metal. Molybdenum tends to form segregations at the boundaries of copper grains and form a strong coherent bond with the matrix metal, which persists even after isothermal annealing. The conditions for the formation of an anomalous supersaturated solid solution of molybdenum in the copper matrix, as well as the conditions for its decomposition, have been revealed. An assumption is made about the mechanism of formation of such a solution during condensation from the vapor phase, which consists in the kinetic capture of molybdenum atoms by the crystallization front during condensation from the vapor phase. It was found that the decomposition of the supersaturated solid solution begins when heated to 0.5 of the melting point of copper and is accompanied by a dispersion solidification process. During the experiment, it was first recorded that the dispersion solidification process can have a two-stage character. The first peak is observed in the region of 30 minutes of annealing, and the second peak is observed after about 2 hours of isothermal annealing. The height of the dispersion hardening peaks increases with increasing molybdenum concentration. It is suggested that the appearance of the second peak of dispersion hardening is associated with the peculiarities of the interaction between copper grains and molybdenum segregations at the grain boundaries. It is shown that the structure after solution decomposition is typically composite. The advantage of this material over conventional dispersively hardening alloys is the fact that in these pseudo-alloys there is no reverse solution of hardening particles at an increase in temperature.
Prohibition of cross-border water transport in the conditions of the Slovak Republic and its legal consequences
Authors: Jakab Radomír
Published: December 2023

The Slovak Republic decided to protect its water resources by prohibiting cross-border water transport. The ban was incorporated into the Constitution of the Slovak Republic. As an administrative regulation, this constitutional norm was subsequently detailed in ordinary legislation, namely the Water Act. The adoption of this ban has raised doubts about its compatibility with the European Union (EU) law, in particular, regarding the quantitative restrictions on exports and imports of goods between the member states. This constitutional prohibition and the subsequent administrative regulation have caused interpretative and applicative confusion. Therefore, in this paper, the author assesses the limits of possible restrictions on water transport across the Slovak Republic borders, taking into account the limits resulting from the EU law. This study aims to analyze and assess the manner and consequences of the constitutional ban on water transport across the Slovak Republic’s national borders.
Scaled-up synthesis of water-retaining alginate-based hydrogel
Authors: Fernando P. U. Ashvin Iresh , Crouch Rebecca , Stromer Bobbi , Thornell Travis , Jernberg Johanna , Alberts Erik
Published: December 2023

Synthesis of a scaled-up version of a lithium-ion-based alginate/poly(acrylamide-co-stearyl methacrylate) [Li-alginate/P(AAm-co-SMA)] hydrogel with several optimizations for thermal signature investigations on various environmental substrates.
Application of magnetic‑pulse treatment in electrode arc welding of AD1N alloy
Authors: Nikitin K. V. , Zhatkin S. S. , Chernikov D. G. , Skoroumov A. K. , Dunaev D. A. , Novikov V. A.
Published: December 2023

The paper proposes and experimentally tests a new method of welding aluminum alloys with simultaneous magnetic‑pulse treatment (MPT) of the liquid and solidifying metal of the welding pool. The results of investigations on semi‑automatic welding of AD1N aluminum alloy with MPT of the molten pool are presented. The influence of welding and magnetic‑pulse treatment modes on the structure and physico‑mechanical properties of the weld zones is investigated. The research data is presented in the range of discharge energy variation from 250 to 500 J and pulse numbers from 23–24. The results show that the influence of the pulsed magnetic field with discharge energy of 350 and 500 J leads to an increase in material hardness. It is shown that welding with simultaneous MPT in these modes results in structure refinement and the formation of a textured zone with elongated grains at the border with the heat‑affected zone.
Employees’ working conditions on molding areas of foundry shops
Authors: Lazarenkov A. M. , Sadokha M. A.
Published: December 2023

The results of a comprehensive assessment of working conditions on molding areas are presented, and the production factors that determine these conditions are identified. The working conditions of key professions in foundry casting are examined in comparison with regulatory values. It has been established that a comprehensive assessment of working conditions for employees on molding areas of foundry shops should take into account the equipment and manual tools used, the duration of exposure to the working equipment, the type of alloy being melted, and the nature of the production.
Working conditions of an operator‑caster on automatic machines and lines
Authors: Lazarenkov A. M. , Sadokha M. A.
Published: December 2023

The results of a comprehensive assessment of working conditions for operator‑casters on automatic lines are presented, including the factors of the production environment that determine these conditions. It has been established that a comprehensive assessment of the working conditions of operator‑casters should take into account the factors of the production environment and their absolute values when performing individual technological operations in obtaining castings.