bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Classifier-free Graph Few-shot Learning via Label-aware Clustering
Authors: Yang Haoran , Wang Junli , Hu Liang , Duan Rui , Yan Chungang
Published: January 2025

Graph few-shot learning implies achieving node classification with extremely limited label information. To mitigate theperformance degradation of the graph neural network model under label scarcity, some previous work has attempted to facilitate the subsequent classification task with the aid of deep clustering. However, these methods merely treat this process as an intermediate step in providing prior knowledge, and do not fully exploit the potential of the clustering technique, which prevents the model from being trained in a more intuitive end-to-end manner. Therefore, we propose a novel graph few-shot learning framework via label-aware clustering (GFL-LC), benefiting from a tailored clustering process, our framework can obtain the final classification result without the classifier. Specifically, for the purpose of encouraging labeled nodes with the same class to learn similar feature representations that contribute to clustering them into the same cluster, we first engage label information in the graph representation learning process by defining an objective function. Next, on the basis of obtaining the preliminary label-aware clustering result, we draw on the idea of reinforcement learning to further improve its quality, which is capable of introducing optimization guidance by providing feedback from both the accuracy of labeled node division and structural rationality. Finally, considering that the ultimate task is a classification task, we design an alignment mechanism to process the clustering result, and transform it into the classification result. Comprehensive experiments on several benchmark datasets show that GFL-LC outperforms its peers, and confirms the superiority of our framework under the few-shot setting.
Risk factors of postoperative pulmonary complications after mandibular fracture
Authors: Liao Shuwei , Zhu Guanxiong , Zeng Liting , Yu Yang , Zhang Zeyu , Zhang Hongru , Wang Jingyuan , Yu Lina
Published: January 2025

Background
Mandibular fractures are common in human activities, and the treatment and recovery process are complicated, which can easily lead to postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients. This study investigated the risk factors for PPCs after mandibular fracture surgery using the National Inpatient Sample database.
Method
Data were analyzed from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database, which covered patients who underwent mandibular surgery from 2010 to 2019. The database included patient demographics, hospital characteristics, patients’ comorbidities, and complications. Regarding the analysis methods, univariate and multivariate analyses were employed.
Result
A total of 41,984 patient samples were collected, comprising 3,514 patients with PPCs, 1,347 with pneumonia, 2,452 with ARF, and 212 with PE. For patients with PPCs, there was a significant increase in the length of stay (LOS) by 12 days, the total charge (TOTCHG) by $163,579, and the mortality rate by 8.9%. Following the analysis, the following risk factors were identified: advanced age, excessive comorbidities (n ≥ 3), fluid and electrolyte disorders, obesity, congestive heart failure, coagulopathy, peripheral vascular disorders, pulmonary circulation disorders, respiratory diseases, other neurological disorders, and paralysis.
Conclusion
In this study, statistical methods were employed to identify the risk factors for pulmonary complications following mandibular fractures, which can aid in the establishment of a sound surgical procedure.
Feasibility of The Enrichment Module of Biodiversity Utilization Based on Medicinal Plants Sub-Material
Authors: Musriati Ayu , Syamswisna Syamswisna , Titin Titin
Published: January 2025

Students' abilities in the learning process are, of course, different, so the grades obtained are also different. Enrichment modules are used as alternative teaching materials for students with more abilities and have achieved minimum completeness criteria to increase and deepen knowledge about local potential. The enrichment module created presents the use of biodiversity, especially medicinal plants in Tirta Kencana Village, Bengkayang Regency, so that students can get to know the types of medicinal plants and their benefits and how to process them. This research aims to test the feasibility of the submaterial enrichment module for utilizing biodiversity. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the Borg and Gall model. The enrichment module was validated by 5 validators at SMA, namely 2 lecturers and 3 biology teachers. Data analysis using the Lawshe formula obtained a CVI value of 0.99 so that the enrichment module was declared valid or suitable for use as teaching material in the learning process on the sub-material of using biodiversity
Enhancing urban resilience through integrated flood policy and planning: a mixed-methods evaluation of retention ponds for flood mitigation in South Bandung
Authors: Permanasari Eka , Wijaya Marco , Feliren Vicky , Khikmah Fithrotul , Lechner Alex , Virani Altaf , Saputra Risqi
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on South Bandung, an area where flooding is a recurring problem, causing significant damage to infrastructure and displacing local residents. The region's vulnerability stems from its geographical location, surrounded by rivers and low-lying areas, coupled with challenges such as the heavily polluted and sedimented Citarum River. This research examines the role of retention ponds in Andir and Cieunteung as a strategic response to these flood management challenges. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis with deep learning-based semantic segmentation techniques to evaluate the hydraulic performance of the retention ponds. Normalized difference water index and semantic segmentation approaches using multispectral images (red, green, and blue and near-infrared) from the PlanetScope constellation satellite are utilized to assess water bodies and flooding patterns, while field observations and stakeholder interviews provide qualitative insights into the operational effectiveness of these infrastructures. While this study highlights that the construction of retention ponds can help mitigate flood events, it also emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach combining urban planning, community engagement, and multi-scale infrastructure development in addressing the complex challenges of flood resilience and urban sustainability.
Stormwater hydrographs from the highly urbanized catchment for synthetic rainfalls with linear patterns
Authors: Vovk Lesya , Zhuk Volodymyr
Published: January 2025

Rainfall intensity is a critical input factor in rainfall–runoff modelling. This study examines the impact of intensity irregularities on runoff hydrographs, focusing on synthetic rainfall events with linear variations in intensity at different rates. The effects of rainfall intensity parameters on stormwater hydrographs in a highly urbanized, fully impervious small square catchment for the climatic conditions of Lviv (Ukraine) are studied numerically using the stormwater management model program. Initial depression depths in the range of 0–5 mm, with corresponding Manning's roughness coefficients from 0.01 to 0.018, are considered. The peak flow rates of resulting hydrographs consistently align with a dimensionless coefficient of linear intensity variability k′ = +1, while the minimum values correspond to k′ = −0.67. The maximum peak flow rates for the intensity coefficient of k′ = +1 can be expressed as the product of the peak flow rate for a design rainfall event of constant intensity and the generalized adjustment factor Ktot, which shows a clear linear correlation with depression depth. The findings of this study offer new insights into stormwater runoff behaviour under varying rainfall intensities, providing valuable information for urban water management and flood risk assessment in highly impervious urban catchments.
Decision-Making in Severe Acute Pancreatitis: The role of Artificial Intelligence and Severity Scales
Authors: Araujo-Filho Irami , Menseses Rêgo Amália Cinthia
Published: January 2025

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) presents a complex clinical scenario that demands prompt and accurate decision-making regarding the appropriate course of treatment. The management of SAP involves a delicate balance between surgical intervention and conservative therapy, aiming to optimize patient outcomes while minimizing morbidity and mortality. Traditional methods of assessing disease severity, such as the Balthazar scale, Ranson criteria, Glasgow-Imrie score, and APACHE II score, provide valuable clinical insight but may lack the precision necessary for individualized patient care. In recent years, integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into healthcare has shown promise in augmenting clinical decision-making processes. By leveraging machine learning algorithms and predictive analytics, AI has the potential to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of severity assessment in SAP. This article explores the role of AI in conjunction with existing severity scales in aiding surgeons' decision-making regarding the timing and modality of intervention in patients with SAP. Through a comprehensive review of current literature and case studies, we will examine the advantages and limitations of AI-based approaches and propose strategies for integrating these technologies into clinical practice. By harnessing the power of AI, surgeons can potentially optimize patient outcomes, improve resource utilization, and reduce the burden of SAP on healthcare systems worldwide.
Long COVID and lung thromboembolism in young adults
Authors: Araujo-Filho Irami , Meneses do Rêgo Amália Cinthia
Published: January 2025

Long-term COVID-19 (Long COVID) and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) significantly challenge healthcare, especially in young adults who are typically at lower risk for such severe outcomes. This review explores the complex relationship between long-term COVID and PTE, focusing on the pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic approaches. Persistent inflammation and immune dysregulation associated with long-term COVID-19 contribute to this demographic's increased thrombotic risk. The symptom overlaps between long-term COVID and PTE complicate the accuracy and timeliness of diagnoses, highlighting the necessity for improved diagnostic strategies. Findings emphasize the need for anticoagulation protocols tailored to the specific clinical presentations of Long COVID patients and suggest that extended treatment durations may be beneficial. The potential of genetic and biomarker research to identify individuals at heightened risk of thrombotic complications is discussed. The review calls for a multidisciplinary approach that integrates medical and psychosocial interventions to manage the long-term effects of COVID-19 effectively. As the pandemic evolves, advancing our understanding and adapting healthcare strategies to these insights are crucial for developing effective clinical practices. This is essential for addressing the immediate health impacts and reducing the broader socioeconomic burdens associated with long-term COVID and PTE in young adults.
Desempenho produtivo e qualidade de ovos de poedeiras alimentadas com diferentes fontes de cálcio
Authors:   , Lima Hiagos Felipe Firmino de
Published: January 2025

Na produção animal, onde a alimentação representa cerca de 70% do custo de produção, o suprimento de cálcio por participar em grande quantidade nas formulações de rações, torna a utilização de minerais de origem orgânica importante para se maximizar o desempenho animal e minimizar os custos. Levando-se a importância da integridade e resistência da casca do ovo na conservação de sua propriedade nutricional e microbiológica que significam a qualidade do produto e segurança alimentar, estas características tornam-se essenciais para a aprovação do ovo por parte do mercado consumidor. Diante disso, objetivou-se avaliar diferentes fontes de cálcio em rações, no desempenho produtivo e qualidade de ovos de poedeiras de linhagem leves. As aves foram alojadas em galpão telado, em alvenaria, com cobertura de telha de barro equipado com 120 gaiolas metálicas (0,20m x 0,40m x 0,40m) de arame galvanizado providas de aparador de ovos, dispostas em quatro fileiras com corredor central. As gaiolas são equipadas com comedouro linear em chapa galvanizada e bebedouro do tipo nipple. Foram utilizadas 120 aves da linhagem Bankiva em fase inicial de postura, iniciando o experimento quando os animais estavam com produção de ovos e peso corporal uniforme, o período experimental compreendeu de 22 a 34 semanas de idade sendo as aves distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com quatro tratamentos. Cada tratamento composto por 10 repetições com 3 aves por unidade experimental e sendo constituídos por quatro rações experimentais, com diferentes fontes de cálcio: calcário calcítico, farinha de concha búzio (Anomalocardia brasiliana), farinha de concha de ostra (Crassostrea brasiliana) e farinha de casca de ovo. Foram avaliados: taxa de postura, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, peso absoluto e relativo de gema, albúmen e casca, peso, altura e largura do ovo, gravidade específica, espessura de casca, unidade Haugh, índice de albúmen e de gema. Não foram significativas (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos estudados, as variáveis de desempenho, exceto taxa de postura, a qual obteve efeito significativo (P<0,05), tendo resultado inferior para o tratamento com a farinha de casca de ovo. A farinha de casca de ovo foi o único tratamento que apresentou efeito significativo (P<0,05), para as variáveis de peso, altura e largura do ovo, gravidade específica, altura da gema e largura do albúmen, peso absoluto de gema, albúmen e casca, peso relativo do albúmen e espessura de casca, apresentando resultados inferiores em comparação aos demais tratamentos. Portanto, o calcário calcítico, farinha de concha de búzio e farinha de concha de ostra, por apresentarem uma maior granulometria demonstrou melhores resultados, podendo ser utilizadas como fonte de cálcio em rações de poedeiras de linhagem leves.
The Palestinians’ Quest for Justice at the ICJ: The UNSC as a Stumbling Block?
Authors: Hassan Fareed Mohd , Sabaruddin Nurul Azyani Zafirah , Yuliantiningsih Aryuni , Arafat Muhammad Rusli , Jaya Belardo Prasetya Mega
Published: January 2025

Human rights abuses occurring in Gaza, including civilian casualties, have been countlessly reported. Despite numerous resolutions presented, particularly to the United Nations (UN) Security Council (UNSC), data from the UN reveals that they have unfortunately been vetoed. South Africa initiated a legal action before the International Court of Justice (ICJ) accusing Israel of breaching the 1948 Genocide Convention—a treaty to which both nations are Parties to. Based on doctrinal analysis, this paper raises one big question; whether the UNSC, that is supposed to uphold international peace and security, will become a stumbling block in the quest for justice for the Palestinian and fails to serve its purpose? This paper argues that judging from Netanyahu’s statement that Israel will not follow and perform any ICJ’s decisions and the United States, being one of the UNSC permanent members will use any necessary measures within the UNSC to prevent such decision from being enforced. This paper concludes that the veto power within the UNSC hinders the pursuit of justice for the Palestinians and the ability of certain member states to veto resolutions creates challenges in the Council’s effectiveness and compromises its capacity to address the conflict for the pursuit of justice.
Models For Implementing Punishment Against Jarimah Khalwat Perpetrators In Aceh Province
Authors: Nur Muhammad , Harun Harun , Nasir Muhammad , SKD Khairil Dona
Published: January 2025

Jarimah khalwat is an act prohibited by Aceh Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law. According to Jinayat Law, jarimah khalwat is resolved through criminal punishment, one of which is carried out by caning. The offense is resolved through the special criminal justice system in Aceh Province and the customs that apply in Aceh. The research aims to explore punishment models for perpetrators of Jarimah Khalwat in Aceh Province. The location was conducted in Aceh Province, specifically in Aceh Tamiang Regency, Lhokseumawe City, Pidie Regency, and Banda Aceh City. Primary data were collected through observations and interviews. Interviews were conducted with respondents using prepared interview guidelines. Secondary data were collected by studying the literature, laws and regulations, theories, and opinions of scholars. Data analysis employed qualitative methods. The study shows that the punishment for perpetrators of jarimah khalwat in Aceh Province are carried out using two models. Firstly, punishment are imposed based on customary law, namely by warning or advice. A marriage punishment and fine for violating the customs are imposed if the offense is repeated. The second punishment model is based on the Jinayat Law.
Violence in Abyei: Legal Implications of the Sudan-South Sudan Dispute
Authors: Gunawan Yordan , Lalu Ahmad Zulfiqri A.
Published: January 2025

Peace and security in the Abyei region are still a tough challenge marked by a historic conflict involving a series of attacks that have caused many casualties. This research focuses on the analysis of dispute cases in South Sudan and also the legal implications of Sudan's dispute with South Sudan in the Abyei region. The materials used in this study include books, journals, and international conventions. This study used the normative legal research method and conducted a literature review approach by studying various reading sources through the internet in accordance with the problem being studied. The research found the legal implications of the conflict in Abyei with human rights violations with implications for the displacement and forced displacement of people in conflict areas. Although to achieve peace in the Abyei region, many countries have been involved as external facilitators, as well as international organizations such as the United Nations, through the establishment of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS).
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of New Amide Compounds Containing Azo Group Using Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as Coupling Agent
Authors: Saleh Dania Mohammed , Al-Salami Bushra Kamel
Published: January 2025

A series of amide compounds (A2D1-A2D6) were synthesized based on sulfathiazole by converting it to diazonium salt using NaNO2 and concentrated HCl via diazotization reaction. This reaction was followed by coupling reaction with vanillic acid in alkaline medium to generated azo compound 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-((4-(N-(thiazol-2-yl)sulfamoyl)phenyl)diazenyl)-benzoic acid (A2). Compound A2 was reacted with substituted aromatic amines such as 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyridine, sulfamerazine, sulfadiazine, sulfanilamide, sulfathiazole, and sulfanilic acid to form corresponding amides using DCC as coupling reagent to be promoted condensation reaction. The structures of synthesized compounds have been diagnosed with elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectrometry. The antibacterial activities for all new synthetic compounds was estimated accurately depending on selected bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) using different concentrations to calculate minimum inhibition concentration. The effectiveness of inhibiting fungi was also studied against Candida albicans by agar diffusion method. Finally, the antioxidant capacities of the prepared compounds were determined by using DPPH radical scavenging method. The results of potential radical scavenging activity were given as IC50. The compounds showed strong biological activity and good antioxidant activity compared with the standard substance Vitamin C.
Effect of Temperature on Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composite Using the In-Situ Method as a Heavy Metal Adsorbent
Authors: Jamarun Novesar , Amirullah Tri Yupi , Syukri Syukri , Prasejati Arika , Wulandari Wulandari , Caniago Sintia , Tricahyani Nabiila Ayyu
Published: January 2025

Removing hazardous non-organic waste containing heavy metals like copper and lead is crucial for environmental protection. Adsorption offers a promising solution, with hydroxyapatite (HAp) serving as a biocompatible adsorbent due to its active surface area. However, its mechanical limitations necessitate enhancement through compositing with chitosan (CTS), a natural biopolymer. This study synthesized hydroxyapatite from cuttlefish bone as a calcium source, while chitosan was extracted from shrimp shells. The hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HAp/CTS) composites were prepared in situ at varying temperatures (55, 60, 65, 70, and 75 °C). The composites were characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and SAA. The result indicated successful integration of HAp and CTS, with a crystallite size of 13.82 nm in the 65 °C composite. Based on SEM-EDS analysis, the HAp/CTS 65 °C morphology was agglomerated chunk particles with a Ca/P ratio of 1.61. The highest adsorption capacity value is found in the HAp/CTS 65 °C composite for both ions, 1.9979 mg/g for Cu2+ ions and 0.9965 for Pb2+ ions. The reusability test results of the HAp/CTS 65 °C composite succeeded up to two cycles. This research proves that the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions by HAp/CTS composite adsorbent has been successfully carried out.
The Utilization of Gracilaria sp. as Raw Material for Cellulose in Cellulose Acetate-Nickel Oxide (CA-NiO) as Electrode for Energy Storage Technology
Authors: Karim Abdul , Ahmad Ahyar , Arfah Rugaiyah Andi , Ermawar Riksfardini Annisa , Karim Harningsih , Putra Andi Erwin Eka , Putri Suriati Eka , Negara Satria Putra Jaya , Larekeng Siti Halimah
Published: January 2025

In the modern era, electrical energy has become a significant need that drives the large consumption of fossil fuels and their environmental impacts. Supercapacitors can reduce this large consumption of natural polymers such as cellulose acetate (CA), which can be synthesized from Gracilaria sp. Composites with CA can be an environmentally friendly alternative electrode with low toxicity. The results show that the cellulose has been successfully synthesized from the algae Gracilaria sp., which was proven by FTIR spectra analysis. The results also show that supercapacitor electrodes have been successfully made where the manufactured electrodes form a composite between CA and nickel oxide (NiO), with the highest specific capacitance and specific energy values of 15.5 × 102 F/g and 13.3 × 102 Wh/kg, respectively, on the CA-NiO2 electrode, but when the NiO concentration is higher than the CA concentration the specific capacitance and specific energy decrease as shown on the CA-NiO electrode with NiO mass of 0.6 g. Thus, the materials results of this study can be applied to electric vehicles and technology that requires electricity storage in the future.
High Potential of Herbal Plant Extracts for Skin Protection from Ultraviolet Radiation
Authors: Le Tien Xuan , Dang Phuong Yen , Tran Uyen Khanh Nguyen , Nguyen Nhu Quynh Trung , Tran Thanh Truc
Published: January 2025

This research is dedicated to exploring the photoprotective qualities of extracts from 10 different herbal plants to identify natural ultraviolet (UV) filtering agents suitable for use in cosmetics. The study pinpointed specific plant parts that showed promising photoprotective capabilities, including the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides L., the flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat., as well as the leaves of Camellia sinensis L. and Moringa oleifera L. Among these, G. jasminoides extracts stood out for their superior photoprotection. Specifically, G. jasminoides led with an impressive in vitro SPF of 40.8 ± 0.2, with C. morifolium, C. sinensis, and M. oleifera trailing closely. Hence, the extracts were added to the base of the lotion cream to evaluate the stability and photoprotective activity. Additionally, even though natural extracts cannot completely replace conventional UV filters, they have substantially decreased the reliance on physical or chemical UV filters. Thus, this study provides a strong foundation for natural antioxidants' status and potential use for UV filtration.
In Silico Investigation of γ-Sitosterol Isolated from the Ethanol Extract of Artocarpus camansi Leaves as a Sunscreen Agent
Authors: Nasution Rosnani , Azura Rafna , Bahi Muhammad , Maulydia Nur Balqis , Bastian Reza Akbar , Hilda Michelia Mutiara , Marianne Marianne
Published: January 2025

The activity test of sunscreen lotion from the ethanolic extract of Artocarpus camansi leaves was carried out. The activity of sunscreen lotion as sun protecting factor (SPF) is ranging from 28.716 ± 0.1557 to 29.740 ± 0.1360, while the SPF of pure compound is 28.483 ± 0.1422. The type of lotion is water in oil (w/o) with viscosity and pH values in the range of 3057.1–5001.1 cP and 6.86–7.89, respectively. The viscosity and pH values obtained were following the standard SNI 16-4399-1996. The value of dispersion is in the range of 4.60–6.90 cm, while the value of adhesion is in the range of 14.55–25.03 s. The pure compound is thought to be γ-sitosterol by analysis of its molecular weight similarity and positive ion fragment m/z with a melting point of 147 °C. From the molecular docking, it is known that γ-sitosterol has the highest binding affinity value of −7.4 and −8.2 kcal/mol to human neutrophile collagenase (PDB ID: 1BZS) and fibroblast collagenase-1 (PDB ID: 966C), respectively. The presence of active compounds in the ethanolic extract of A. camansi lotion can support the activity of the SPF so that it can be used as a sunscreen formula.
Entrepreneurship Education and Other Exogenous Variables in the Theory of Planned Behavior Model: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Rustiana
Published: January 2025

Introduction/Main Objectives: The aim of the study is to: 1) identify the role entrepreneurship education (EE) in the theory of planned behavior (TPB) model, and how it enhances students’ entrepreneurship intention (EI), 2) identify various other exogenous variables commonly paired with EE that increase EI, 3) map the various roles of EE and the exogenous variables in improving students’ EI into a single model. Background Problems: What is the role of entrepreneurship education and the exogenous variables in the TPB model, and how do they increase students’ entrepreneurship intention? Novelty: This paper’s novel contributions include 1) filling the knowledge gap in the field of entrepreneurship related to the TPB model, 2) proposing a map to depict the integration of EE and other exogenous variables into the TPB model, to make one comprehensive model. Research Methods: The data sets were drawn from the Scopus database with a systematic literature review approach, with a protocol that used the keywords "entrepreneurship education," "entrepreneurial education," and "TPB." The protocol found 108 articles in the Scopus database, published between 2006 and 2023, which were extracted. Then, the articles underwent further analysis using exclusion and inclusion criteria, resulting in 24 articles that met our requirements. Quantitative and qualitative analysis were then carried out, using statistical descriptive and bibliometric analysis. Finding/Results: This study shows that entrepreneurship education and the exogenous variables that influence entrepreneurship intention in the TPB model have various roles. Conclusion: The results expose critical research gaps and the need to develop new theoretical frameworks that combine and extend the TPB model with other relevant variables in higher education.
Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Saga untuk Mengatasi Batuk pada Balita
Authors: Kusumastuti Nurry Ayuningtyas , Haeriyah Siti , Sartika Rini , Winarni Lastri Mei
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang: Batuk merupakan infeksi saluran pernafasan akut yang paling banyak ditemukan, terutama pada anak-anak di bawah usia 5 tahun. Kejadian batuk  ini terjadi 3 sampai 6 kali dalam setahun. Batuk ini akan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup seseorang karena menjadi penghambat dalam proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita. Penanganan batuk yang telah diterapkan oleh penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya menggunakan jeruk nipis, suplementasi madu, minuman jahe dan madu, kunyit, dan kencur.Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun saga dalam mengatasi batuk pada balita.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode true eksperimental dengan two group pretest posttest control group design. Jumlah sampel 32 balita yang mengalami batuk akut dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok masing-masing 16 responden, yaitu kelompok intervensi yang diberikan ekstrak daun saga dan kelompok kontrol yang tidak diberikan. Teknik sampling random control trial (RCT). Instrumen menggunakan visual analog scale (VAS) untuk batuk dan SOP untuk pembuatan ekstrak daun saga. Analisis data menggunakan Mann Whitney.Hasil: Hasil penelitian pemberian ekstrak daun saga berpengaruh secara signifikan dalam menurunkan intensitas batuk dengan hasil p-value sebesar 0,009.Kesimpulan: Pemberian ekstrak daun saga dapat mengatasi batuk pada balita di wilayah Kecamatan Margasari.
Study on the Influence Mechanism of Government Innovation Preference on the Development of Digital Economy
Authors: Xu Liwen , Guo Kaiwen , Yan Mingyue
Published: January 2025

In recent years, against the escalating global competition and the swift advancement of the digital economy, governments have increased their investment in innovation and adopted a series of policy measures to encourage and support the growth of the digital economy. As one of the key factors driving the development of the digital economy, government innovation preference has received widespread attention for its mechanism and impact effects. Based on the panel data of 270 cities in China from 2012 to 2022, the direct relationship between government innovation preference and the development of digital economy is firstly explored through the fixed effect model, and secondly, The study explores the indirect impact mechanism of government's innovation preference on the digital economy by employing a mediated effect model, with industrial structure upgrading and urban economic density serving as constraint variables. The research reveals that government's innovation preferences play a notable direct role in advancing the digital economy and can also indirectly foster its development through upgrading the industrial structure and enhancing urban economic density.
Tsoros, Choros, Baɣatud: Discussing Origins of the Tsoros (With Evidence from C2-F1067 Y-STR Haplotypes of Kalmyks). Part 2: The Torghut, Dzungar, Buzav
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Dzhagrunov Sanal V. , Buluktaev Aleksey A. ,   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The paper continues the study of origins of the Tsoros (Choros) — a prominent aristocratic clan of the Oirat. Goals. The work shall examine a number of identified Y-STR haplotypes of С2-F1067 among Kalmyks and propose some conclusions about the subclade’s ethnohistorical roots among the Oirat (and related groups) for its ‘Tsoros’ (DYS385=11-11) and ‘non-Tsoros’ patterns (DYS385=11-18 and others) across the tested Torghut, Dzungar and Buzav samples — with due regard of related historical, ethnographic and linguistic data. Materials. The article analyzes a total of 19 Y-STR haplotypes of the ‘Tsoros’ pattern in the mentioned sub-ethnic groups and 42 ‘non-Tsoros’ ones identified with the aid of Yfiler® Plus PCR Amplification Kit, Yfiler® PCR Amplification Kit, and COrDIS Ystr. Results. Our investigations essentially attest to somewhat authentic Dzungar backgrounds of Zyungarsky aimag of Iki-Tsokhurovsky Ulus. ‘Tsoros’ samples of Kalmyk Buzavs reveal substantial ties with Buurul Dorbets. The few identified ‘Tsoros’ Y-STR haplotypes among Torghuts — with prevailing ‘non-Tsoros’ С2-F1067 ones — results in that the group at large rather clusters with Barghuts. In general, the ‘non-Tsoros’ (‘Barghut-Buryat’) pattern of С2-F1067 has been primarily discovered among Tsaatan and Erketen Torghuts. Meanwhile, the bulk of available historical, ethnographic and linguistic data makes it possible to establish ties between the Tsaatan (including some part of the Erketen) — and the Barghut-Buryat community. All the aforementioned is confirmed and actualized by the obtained Y-STR haplotypes and present-day phylogenetic structure of С2-F1067: the ‘Tsoros’ pattern proves a branch of C2-F10378 and forms a parallel subdivision to the Barghut-Buryat C2-Z4328.
Cognición Social y Artefactualidad en el Razonamiento
Authors: Carrillo Martínez de la Escalera Natalia , Robles Jiménez Eduardo Yair , Ramírez Castro Edgar Orlando , Villagómez Reséndiz Radamés , Sarabia López Saúl , García Campos Jonatan , Hernández Chávez Paola , Hernández Cervantes Josafat Iván , González Grandón Ximena , Barrera García Kirareset , Gastélum Vargas Melina , Martínez Muñoz Sergio Fernando
Published: January 2025

Este libro es el resultado del proyecto PAPIIT IN402018 “Cognición Artefactualidad y
Representación en la Ciencia”, una de las principales hipótesis fue que la cultura material tiene un
papel importante en la estructuración de disciplinas, modelos y procesos de cambio conceptual. La
cultura material de la ciencia incluye la tecnología, así como los patrones de conducta y
razonamiento organizados en hábitos y prácticas que podemos considerar estructurados en
artefactos; los hábitos así como un microscopio o un computador son artefactos.
Los artefactos son abstracciones producto de una intencionalidad colectiva y a la vez una
expresión de esa intencionalidad colectiva articulados en expectativas y valores que hacen del
artefacto algo concreto desde la perspectiva de un agente o perspectiva. Una pintura de Klee es
algo concreto, por ejemplo, para un enmarcador de pinturas, pero no necesariamente para un
crítico de arte o (por lo general) para el visitante en un museo. Una narrativa puede ser algo
concreto para un editor de textos, pero es un objeto abstracto susceptible de complejas
interpretaciones para el lector de una novela. Los patrones de razonamiento que nos permiten
establecer argumentos y por lo tanto, desarrollar la ciencia y la tecnología son artefactos que
requieren de una cultura material que los estabilice y facilite las condiciones para su reproducción.
Esos patrones de razonamiento pueden concretizarse en narrativas, modelos o argumentos o
metáforas y en la medida que se les confiere valor epistémico podemos hablar de artefactos
epistémicos. En este libro se podrán leer en mayor detalle varias explicaciones y ejemplos de estos
resultados del proyecto.
Formación Inicial Docente en educadores diferenciales: percepción de docentes que ejercen en la región de Magallanes y Antártica chilena
Authors: Chaparro-López Magnolia , Garay-Aguilar Mario , Vargas-Fernández Luis , Díaz-Hernández Paula , Salinas-Soto Constanza
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación indaga sobre la formación inicial de los pedagogos diferenciales que ejercen actualmente en la región más austral del país. Específicamente, identificar cómo fue la formación inicial de los educadores diferenciales que ejercen actualmente en Magallanes y Antártica chilena. Este insumo permitirá fortalecer la formación de los educadores di- ferenciales, que tiene su primera generación de egresados de la Universidad de Magallanes, principal casa de estudios de educación superior, encargada de la formación de los futuros profesionales del área. Para ello, se elaboró un cuestionario basado en aspectos relacionados con el Marco para la Buena Enseñanza y los estándares para la Formación Inicial Docente, siendo estos contenidos validados por un grupo de expertos. El presente artículo busca a su vez, evaluar la fiabilidad del mismo. Los resultados dan cuenta de un alto nivel de satisfacción sobre contenidos teóricos, disciplinares y en formación práctica. Como complemento se aplicó el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach, el que corrobora la consistencia interna del cuestionario.
Perception of Agents Assisting Women Experiencing Violence in Couple Relations
Authors: Hrozenska M. , Pavelova L. , Gabrielova J.
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVES: To provide the perspective on perception of
women’s NGOs, advocacy and health professionals as formal
actors assisting women experiencing violence.
METHODS: Data were collected through a questionnaire
and semi-structured interview and processed using the method
of qualitative thematic analysis based on a phenomenological
approach.
RESULTS: They point to women’s experiences with aid actors located in the so-called formal environment and to a fundamental need in educational practice on this topic.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The approach of the Police, the Courts and also the Office of Labour, Social Affairs and Family appears to be insufficiently supportive and
helpful. Women’s experiences with helping organizations that
provide specialized assistance to women are positive.
The Path to eliminating the marginalization of the Roma Community
Authors: Leskova L. , Bachyncova Giertliova D.
Published: January 2025

Objective: The paper examines selected indicators declaring
the validity of the implementation of field social work in marginalized communities.
Methods: Selection of conceptual documents related to field
social work with marginalized groups, analysis of secondary
quantitative data using descriptive statistics and systematization of qualitative data.
Results: The results show that the Roma community is ex
periencing marginalization as a result of which countries, not
excluding Slovakia, are adopting strategies to reduce the gap
between the minority and the majority. One of the implemented strategies is the National Project focused on field social
work, which contributes to the elimination of social exclusion
through competently equipped workers. Conclusion: The article concludes that field social work is
one of the possibilities of working with marginalized communities, which is of fundamental importance for alleviating
their marginalization.
Association between Concurrent Substance Use and Genetic Variation in Individuals with Heroin Dependence
Authors: Uludag K. , Su H. , Zhao M.
Published: January 2025

Background: Heroin dependence is a condition where an individual develops a compulsive reliance on heroin. It is characterized by various symptoms, including intense drug cravings, inability to control heroin use, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms
when drug use is discontinued. Earlier research has examined the
relations between genetics and the subject at hand, but it remains
uncertain whether the simultaneous use of drugs is connected to
certain genetic factors. To comprehend the potential genetic elements linked to the concurrent use of multiple drugs, further investigation is required. This is crucial because such co-occurrence
has the potential to elevate the risk of overdose.
Goal of Study: Our goal of the study was to find an association between polydrug use and genetic factors among individuals with heroin dependence.Methods: Female individuals with heroin dependence
were recruited (n=263). Genetic factors related to Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), and stress were included
in the study (rs174696, rs174699, rs4680, rs4818, rs737866,
rs933271, rs12953076, and rs44458044).
Results: According to the main results, we found that certain
genetic factors are related to amphetamine use (rs174696,
rs174699, rs1544325, rs4680, rs4818, rs737866, and
rs933271). Furthermore, marijuana use was only associated
with CRHBP polymorphism (rs1875999).
Conclusion: In conclusion, amphetamine and heroin comorbidity may be associated with certain genetic factors related
to COMT.
HRM in VHE: Leadership, Employee Engagement and Work Environment
Authors: Nazarwin Nazarwin , Wardi Yunia , Rino Rino
Published: January 2025

Human Resource Management (HRM) is the key to the failure or success of educational institutions. The three main factors that influence HRM at Poltekpel Sumbar are leadership, employee engagement and work environment. The purpose of this study is to see the relationship between these four factors including leadership, work environment, employee engagement and HRM at Poltekpel Sumbar. This study was conducted at Merchant Marine Polytechnic of West Sumatera. The research participants were all employees with a total of 154 people. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Data collection was carried out by giving questionnaires directly to the participants. The questionnaire data analysis technique was carried out using linear regression. The conclusion of this study indicated that there is a significant influence of leadership on HRM, employee engagement on HRM, employee engagement on the work environment, and leadership on the work environment. Meanwhile, there is no significant influence of the work environment on HRM and leadership on employee engagement. Further research can also examine in more depth other research variables related to HRM in all vocational higher education institution under the Ministry of Transportation, namely in the maritime, land and railway and aviation institution.
Contrast-enhanced mammography in breast cancer screening: Our experiences
Authors: Niciforovic Dijana , Basta-Nikolic Marijana , Drvendzija Zorka , Nikolic Olivera , Mijatovic Aleksandra , Lukac Sonja , Stojanovic Sanja
Published: January 2025

Background/Aim. Breast cancer is a leading global health concern.
Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) presents a promising advancement in
early breast cancer detection, excelling in sensitivity, specificity, and
cost-effectiveness. The aim of the study was to assess the overall
diagnostic efficacy of CEM in breast cancer screening, particularly in
distinguishing benign from malignant lesions in dense breasts. Methods. A
two-year retrospective study was conducted at the Center for Radiology,
including a total of 279 women undergoing CEM following standard
mammography. Results. CEM demonstrated high sensitivity (92.4%),
specificity (75.1%), and a noteworthy negative predictive value of 97.0%,
significantly reducing unnecessary biopsies. Conclusion. CEM is a valuable
screening tool, offering enhanced diagnostic capabilities and the potential
to reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies. It is particularly beneficial
for patients with dense breasts or inconclusive traditional mammography
results.
From Living in the Dark Ages to the Artificial Pancreas
Authors: Edelman Steven
Published: January 2025

Preview
Energy Efficiency Improvements in Wind Energy Systems via Sensorless Soft-Switching Control
Authors: Küçük Tufan Volkan , Öncü Selim
Published: January 2025

This study implements a series resonant converter (SRC) and pulse density modulation (PDM) power control strategies to minimize switching losses and improve the efficiency of an off-grid, small-scale wind energy conversion system (WECS). Additionally, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method was employed to further reduce costs and increase system reliability. The "perturb and observe" (P&O) MPPT technique was utilized, enabling operation at the maximum power point (MPP) without the need for wind speed data or an aerodynamic model of the turbine. The speed and power data required for the P&O algorithm were derived from the three-phase generator variables using the double second-order generalized integrator frequency-locked loop (DSOGI-FLL) algorithm. The performance of a 1.5 kW WECS was analyzed through simulations conducted in Powersim (PSIM), and the results are presented. The analysis revealed that the designed system achieved an average MPPT efficiency of 97%. Furthermore, the efficiency of the resonant converter was measured to be 90% for the lowest wind speed and 93% for other wind speeds. These findings demonstrate that the proposed system offers a significant improvement in overall energy conversion efficiency, ensuring reliable and cost-effective operation of small-scale WECS, with an average system efficiency of approximately 90-93% across varying wind conditions.
Socioeconomic characteristics and relapse-free and overall survival from childhood cancer – a nationwide study based on data from the Danish Childhood Cancer Registry
Authors: Stegenborg Fie , Bek Mathilde , Nilsson Charlotte , Pedersen Line H. , Scheike Thomas , Hjalgrim Lisa , Erdmann Friederike , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Bidstrup Pernille , Kenborg Line , Winther Jeanette , Larsen Hanne , Dalton Susanne
Published: January 2025

Background and purpose: Over the past decades, childhood cancer survival has increased substantially in Europe, including Denmark. However, families with fewer social resources may have benefitted less from these improvements. In this nationwide register-based study, we assessed associations between parental socioeconomic position (SEP) and 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in childhood cancer patients.
Material and methods: All children aged <16 years diagnosed with cancer in Denmark between 1998 and 2017 were identified in the Danish Childhood Cancer Registry (N = 3245). Parents, with whom the children resided, were identified, and data on the parents’ education, cohabitation status, affiliation to work market, country of origin, and vital status of the children were obtained through individual-level linkage across Danish nationwide registries. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association between SEP indicators and 5-year RFS and OS.
Results and interpretation: Tendencies towards lower 5-year RFS and OS were observed among children whose parents were unemployed/not in workforce (RFS: HR [hazard ratio] = 1.14, 95% CI [confidence interval]: 0.90–1.45, OS: HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 0.95–1.71) or from non-Western countries (RFS: HR = 1.21 95% CI: 0.96–1.52, OS: HR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.09–1.90). Results by diagnostic groups revealed particularly low OS for children with non-central nervous system tumors whose parents were from non-Western countries (HR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.24–2.97). Targeted strategies are needed to promote social equity and ensure optimal diagnosis, care, and management of childhood cancer across social groups.
A Forensic Appraisal of Neoteric Hyphenated Techniques for Separation and Detection of Narcotic Drugs
Authors: S Thangadurai , Asma B Sithi , Palanimurugan A , Cyril A
Published: January 2025

Narcotic drugs are traditionally been identified on basis of chromatographic-hyphenated techniques in instrumental analysis.
Nowadays, contemporary neoteric chromatographic hyphenated techniques have received ever-increasing attention because
the principal means to unravel complex analytical problems. A legal examination is a term articulated for examination of all
sorts of violations that leads to the prove for any sort of wrong doing as a conclusion of the suspect. Forensic laboratories
drugs are identified and separated by TLC, HPLC, HPTLC, GC, LC and known hyphenated techniques which are like HPLC-MS,
HPTLC-MS, GC-MS, and LC-MS-MS etc. give reliable and confirmatory leads to drugs identification. HPLC-MS is more preferred
method for separation and detection of narcotic drugs. The drawback of HPLC which it requires more solvent as compared to
HPTLC. These techniques provide efficient, quick and straightforward method for detection and separation of narcotic drugs
and psychotropic substances (NDPS). Analytical chemists face a challenging task in separating, identifying, and determining
illicit drugs in pills and biological fluids. There is an increasing need to create advanced methodologies to reduce analysis time,
improve sensitivity, and progress towards green chemistry. The hyphenated techniques help in low level detection, highly
specific detection, and precise and accurate results for the forensic investigations.