bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facteurs explicatifs des intentions d’usage des données issues des questionnaires de satisfaction client
Authors: Lux Gulliver
Published: November 2019

Notre étude s’inscrit dans la lignée des travaux sur la compréhension de l’usage des données issues des questionnaires de satisfaction et plus généralement dans les travaux traitant de la qualité de service. Nous nous intéressons ici à la pratique des directeurs opérationnels (directeur de site). Nous mettons en exergue trois facteurs explicatifs principaux aux intentions d’usage des données des questionnaires de satisfaction : l’attitude des managers, les effets facilitateurs perçus et les normes sociales perçues. De tels résultats nous amènent à préconiser un développement de la culture de gestion et des approches de « pédagogie de l’outil » ainsi qu’une plus grande disponibilité des fonctions supports.
L’approche de Palo Alto : une alternative pour gérer le mal-être dans les organisations ?
Authors: Chabanet Didier , Chakor Tarik , Goujon Nathalie , Richard Damien
Published: November 2019

Cet article s’interroge sur les approches traditionnelles en santé au travail, en soulignant à la fois leurs caractéristiques, leurs apports et leurs limites, pour montrer en quoi l’école de Palo Alto peut constituer une approche pertinente en la matière. L’originalité de cette dernière consiste à privilégier une démarche systémique, qui porte sur les interactions qui se jouent entre un individu souffrant et son environnement professionnel. A travers deux études de cas, l’un à l’hôpital, l’autre dans une entreprise agro-alimentaire de grande consommation, nous présentons le mode opératoire de cette approche. La discussion qui suit permet une montée en généralité et précise dans quelles conditions l’approche de Palo Alto peut être mise en œuvre pour lutter contre les risques psychosociaux en entreprise.
Les fonctions régulatrices d’un concept flou. Étude du comportement inapproprié au travail
Authors: Brasseur Martine
Published: November 2019

Comment expliquer le recours à la notion de « comportement inapproprié au travail » ? Le flou du concept est-il nécessaire ou bien compromet-il la régulation des comportements qu’il est censé soutenir ? Après une revue de la littérature, cet article présente une étude longitudinale de trois cas recourant à l’interdiction du comportement inapproprié : une maraude bénévole pour SDF, un groupe-projet d’étudiants, un cabinet de consultants. Le contenu des données collectées par observation participante et entretiens non directifs a été analysé manuellement et avec le logiciel NVivo11. Selon nos résultats, l’usage du concept flou a deux fonctions, performative et subjectivante, et correspond à un processus heuristique de régulation des comportements.
Modèles de genre différenciés et positions éditoriales dans la presse sportive spécialisée
Authors: Fraysse Mélie
Published: November 2019

Cet article s’appuie sur une enquête de 6 années dans le milieu du vélo tout terrain et de sa presse sportive. Il s’intéresse aux modèles de genre présents dans trois magazines spécialisés et aux conditions de leur publication. À partir d’une articulation du concept de masculinité hégémonique de Raewyn Connell (1987) et des positions socio-historiques et stratégiques des maisons d’édition, il s’agit d’analyser comment la publication de modèles de genre différenciés se situe au cœur des enjeux de la discipline et de sa médiatisation. Les résultats de l’analyse de corpus montrent à la fois une forte conformité sexuée des images du masculin et du féminin mais aussi des formes beaucoup plus novatrices et relativement distantes des représentations médiatiques traditionnelles. Cette juxtaposition résulte en partie de la position socio-historique des titres au sein du sous-champ. Les revues les plus anciennes et en position dominante économiquement tentent de conserver leur lectorat « historique » avec un contenu médiatique fondé sur des modèles de genre historiquement fortement stéréotypés. À l’inverse, les revues plus « jeunes » et moins diffusées optent pour un contenu beaucoup plus novateur du point de vue sexué.
Portrait du sportif en prévenu
Authors: Bonnet Valérie
Published: November 2019

Cette contribution analyse la couverture médiatique du procès de Marc Cécillon, ancien capitaine du XV de France qui a abattu sa femme sous l’emprise de l’alcool. L’objectif est de montrer comment la chronique judiciaire de l’affaire est l’occasion de brosser un portrait du prévenu, celui-ci étant dépeint tant comme un individu que comme un sportif au passé glorieux, et par-delà, comment ces deux dimensions viennent s’expliquer mutuellement. La célébrité sportive perdure dans le traitement que la presse fait de l’affaire Cécillon. Dans ce traitement entrent en conflit deux mondes sociaux, le sportif et le judiciaire.
Quand diagnostiquer fait parler
Authors: Arborio Sophie
Published: November 2019

Entre 2016 et 2018, une recherche pluridisciplinaire – « Fam-West » – a porté sur la compréhension de la construction des savoirs, à travers la singularité des expériences des familles dans le syndrome de West, forme d’épilepsie sévère du nourrisson. Les enquêtes ethnographiques ont associé 30 familles ayant des enfants âgés de 11 mois à 15 ans. Via l’étude du processus d’identification des troubles, les analyses ont notamment démontré l’importance du processus de communication inhérent au diagnostic, au-delà de la question de l’annonce en elle-même. En particulier, les résultats montrent que les conséquences d’un déficit de savoir médical en la matière ne portent pas uniquement sur la maladie, mais également sur le patient et son entourage, dont les premières alertes ne sont pas suffisamment considérées. L’étude souligne que, face à ce déficit, les mères interrogées construisent un rapport à l’identification essentiellement ancré dans l’expérience et relayé par le récit, dans le cadre d’une « relation diagnostique » spécifique, progressivement élaborée, ce qui n’est pas sans effet sur les modalités de la prise en charge.
Pour une approche critique de la diversité des langues chantées dans les musiques populaires à l’ère de la mondialisation numérique
Authors: Spanu Michael
Published: November 2019

Tout en étant centrales de par leur fonction d’incarnation, les langues chantées dans les musiques populaires prennent place lors de rituels d’écoute où l’intelligibilité de la langue joue un rôle fondamentalement ambivalent. Cela induit un rapport complexe entre pratique de la langue chantée et identification que nous abordons au prisme d’un questionnement de la diversité culturelle à l’heure de la mondialisation numérique. Pour cela, nous dressons un état de l’art sur la question des langues chantées dans les musiques populaires, avec la notion de « transfert culturel » comme fil conducteur. Puis, en articulant cette dernière à celles de « sphère publique » et de « justice sociale » de Nancy Fraser, nous proposons un cadre d’analyse critique de la diversité des pratiques de la langue chantée que nous appliquons au domaine des musiques populaires françaises.
Representations of Gendered Violence in Mainstream Media
Authors: Cuklanz Lisa
Published: November 2019

This paper revisits three decades of research by Lisa Cuklanz on representations of gendered violence in mainstream media. In addition to documenting shifts in dominant ideology surrounding rape and sexual assault, Lisa Cuklanz’s work has provided evidence of the limitations of discursive and ideological shifts across genres and forms, both in the United States and beyond. This work is ever more relevant as the society gains an increasing awareness of the reality of such abuses of power and the ways in which how we talk about and represent these abuses can further enable or work to eliminate them.
A Short Review on Gynocardia odorata R. Br
Authors: Kalita Dipjyoti , Devi Nilakshee
Published: November 2019

Gynocardia odorata R. Br (Achariaceae) is an important medicinal plant. It is indigenous to Indian subcontinent and grows extensively in the tropical forests of Western Ghats and Hilly regions of North Eastern India. The plant has long been used in the traditional system of medicine to treat various cutaneous and subcutaneous diseases. The chapter deals with the different scientific studies and reports available in different aspects of this plant in the areas like morpho-taxonomy, ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacognosy.
An Experimental Analysis of Modified EEECARP
Authors: Sarella Venkata Ramana , Nakka Deshai , B. V. D. S. Sekhar , Sala Krishna Rao , V. V. S. S. Sameer Chakravarthy
Published: November 2019

Designing various energy-saving routing protocols for real-time internet of things (IoT) applications in modern secure wireless sensor networks (MS-WSN) is a tough task. Many hierarchical protocols for WSNs were not well scalable to large-scale IoT applications. Low energy adaptive two-level-CH clustering hierarchy (LEATCH) is an optimized technique reduces the energy-utilization of few cluster heads, but the LEATCH is not suitable for scalable and dynamic routing. For dynamic routing in MS-WSN, energy efficiency and event clustering adaptive routing protocol (EEECARP) with event-based dynamic clustering and relay communication by selecting intermediates nodes as relay-nodes is necessary. However, EEECARP cannot consider the hop-count, different magnitude ecological conditions, and energy wastage in cluster formation while collisions occur. So, the authors propose the modified EEECARP to address these issues for better dynamic event clustering adaptive routing to improve the lifetime of MS-WSNs. The experimental outcomes show that proposed protocol achieves better results than EEECARP and LEATCH.
Special subgroups of Bianchi groups
Authors: Chu Michelle
Published: November 2019

We determine C-special subgroups of the Bianchi groups with index bounded above by 120 by effectivising the arguments of Agol-Long-Reid. These subgroups are congruence of level 2 or 4 and retract to the free group on two generators. As a consequence, we find a C-special 20-sheeted cover of the figure-eight knot complement. We also determine C-special congruence subgroups for a family of cocompact arithmetic Kleinian groups.
A case of a 22-month-old boy with necrotizing pneumonia presenting with leukaemoid reaction misdiagnosed as leukaemia: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Jumanne Shakilu
Published: November 2019

BackgroundNecrotizing pneumonia and hyperleukocytosis, to the extent of that seen in leukaemia, is a rarely reported presentation. The commonest trigger of such a presentation is an inflammatory process caused by an overwhelming infection which leads to bone marrow irritation. However, the misdiagnosis of this clinical entity as leukaemia should be avoided at all costs so as to avoid the anxiety associated with a diagnosis of cancer, both to the patients and their families.Case presentationHere, we report the case of a 22-month-old boy who was referred to our Pediatric Oncology Unit (POU). Owing to a high total leukocyte count (TLC) of 98,000 cells/µl, there was a strong suspicion of leukaemia. The boy had been reviewed at another hospital where he presented with fever and cough refractory to the commencement of tuberculosis medications as a result of chest radiography findings. Laboratory investigations performed on admission in the POU were negative for leukaemia and other myeloproliferative disorders. A chest computer tomography (CT) scan was performed to delineate opacification in the right middle lobe. This revealed multiple necrotic and emphysematous foci in line with a diagnosis of necrotizing pneumonia. Subsequently, the patient responded well to a course of piperacillin- tazobactam. The TLC normalized and the cough and fever resolved over a period of 2 weeks. ConclusionHere, we describe a particularly rare case of leukaemoid reaction with a massive leukocyte count. Such patients can be easily misdiagnosed as having leukaemia or other myeloproliferative disorders, especially in settings with limited diagnostic availability. Such misdiagnosis can cause undue stress on the patient and their families. Thus, it is important that patients presenting with these symptoms should undergo a thorough review of history, physical examination and a structured workup.
Heiner Syndrome: An uncommon cause of failure to thrive
Authors: Ojuawo Ayotade B
Published: November 2019

Heiner syndrome (HS) is a rare hypersensitivity reaction of an infant or young child to cow milk proteins. It is a disease characterised by failure to thrive, respiratory symptoms like cough, dyspnoea, wheeze and rhinitis with accompanying chest infiltrates on chest radiograph; gastrointestinal symptoms like vomiting, diarrhoea; and anaemia. The non-specific nature of the disease can result in delayed diagnosis and treatment and central to the condition is hypersensitivity to cow milk proteins.Several cases have been reported worldwide but there has been no report of this condition in Africa.We highlight the case of a sixteen week old child seen in our facility with features typical of Heiner syndrome. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for this condition especially in children predominantly on infant formula
Ozone Pollution over China and India: Seasonality and Sources
Authors: Gao Meng , Gao Jinhui , Zhu Bin , Kumar Rajesh , Lu Xiao , Song Shaojie , Zhang Yuzhong , Wang Peng , Beig Gufran , Hu Jianlin , Ying Qi , Zhang Hongliang , Sherman Peter , McElroy Michael B.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. A regional fully coupled meteorology-chemistry Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) was employed to study the seasonality of ozone (O3) pollution and its sources in both China and India. Observations and model results suggest that O3 in the North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), Pearl River Delta (PRD) and India exhibit distinctive seasonal features, which are linked to the influence of summer monsoons. Through a factor separation approach, we examined the sensitivity of O3 to individual anthropogenic, biogenic, and biomass burning emissions. We found that summer O3 formation is more sensitive to industrial sources than to other source sectors for China, while the transport vehicle sector is more important in all seasons for India. For India, in addition to transport, the residential sector also plays an important role in winter when O3 concentrations peak. Tagged simulations suggest that sources in east China play an important role in the formation of the summer O3 peak in the NCP, but sources from Northwest China should not be neglected to control summer O3 in the NCP. For the YRD region, prevailing winds and cleaner air from the ocean in summer lead to reduced transport from polluted regions, and the major source region in addition to local sources is Southeast China. For the PRD region, the upwind region is replaced by contributions from polluted east China as autumn approaches, leading to an autumn peak. The major upwind regions in autumn for the PRD are YRD (11 %) and Southeast China (10 %). For India, sources in North India are more important than sources in the south. These analyses emphasize the relative importance of source sectors and regions as they change with seasons, providing important implications for O3 control strategies.
Technical note: Fundamental aspects of ice nucleation via pore condensation and freezing including Laplace pressure and growth into macroscopic ice
Authors: Marcolli Claudia
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Pore condensation and freezing (PCF) is an ice nucleation mechanism that explains ice formation at low ice supersaturation. It assumes that liquid water condenses in pores of solid aerosol particles below water saturation, as described by the Kelvin equation, followed by homogeneous ice nucleation when temperatures are below about 235 K or immersion freezing at higher temperatures, in case the pores contain active sites that induce ice nucleation. Pore water is under tension (negative pressure) below water saturation as described by the Young-Laplace equation. This negative pressure affects the ice nucleation rates and the stability of the pore ice. Here, pressure dependent parameterizations of classical nucleation theory are developed to quantify the increase of homogeneous ice nucleation rates as a function of tension and to assess the critical diameter of pores that is required to accommodate ice at negative pressures. For growth out of the pore into a macroscopic ice crystal, ice supersaturation is required. The required supersaturation as a function of the pore opening width is derived, assuming that the ice phase first grows as a spherical cap on top of the pore opening before it starts to expand laterally on the particle surface into a macroscopic ice crystal.
Evidence of Changes in Sedimentation Rate and Sediment Fabric in a Low Oxygen Setting: Santa Monica Basin, CA
Authors: Kemnitz Nathaniel , Berelson William , Hammond Douglas , Morine Laura , Figueroa Maria , Lyons Timothy W. , Scharf Simon , Rollins Nick , Petsios Elizabeth , Lemieux Sydnie , Treude Tina
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The Southern California Bight is adjacent to one of the world's largest urban areas, Los Angeles. As a consequence, anthropogenic impacts could disrupt local marine ecosystems due to municipal and industrial waste, pollution, and flood control measures. Superimposed on the growth of an urban metropolis, the impact of climate change has been felt most strongly over the past 50 years in terms of rising pCO2 and warming. Santa Monica Basin (SMB), due to its unique setting in low oxygen and high sedimentation environment, has provided an excellent sedimentary paleorecord of these anthropogenic changes. This study examined ten sediment cores, collected from different parts of the SMB between spring and summer 2016, and compared them to existing cores in order to document changes in sedimentary dynamics during the last 250 years, with an emphasis on the last 40 years. Mass accumulation rates (MAR) for the deepest and lowest oxygen-containing parts of the SMB basin (900–910 m) established using 210Pb have been remarkably consistent during the past century, averaging 17.5 ± 2.1 mg/cm2-yr. At slightly shallower sites (870–900 m), accumulation rates showed more variation, butyield the same accumulation rate, 17.5 ± 5.5 mg/cm2-yr. Excess 210Pb sedimentation rates were consistent with rates established using bomb-test 137Cs profiles. However, 14C profiles from cores collected in the deepest part of the SMB, where fine laminations are present up to 250 years B.P., indicate that MAR was slower prior to ~ 1900 CE (rates obtained = 9 and 12 mg/cm2-yr). δ13Corg profiles show a relatively constant value down core suggesting that the change in sediment accumulation rate is not accompanied by a change in organic carbon sources to the basin. The increase in sedimentation rate towards the recent occurs at about the time previous studiespredicted an increase in siltation and the demise of a shelly shelf benthic fauna on the SMB shelf. X-radiographs show finely laminated sediments in the deepest part of the basin only, with cm-scale layering of sediments or no layering whatsoever in shallower parts of the SMB basin. The absence of finely laminated sediments in MUC 10 (893 m) and MUC 3 (777 m) suggest that the rate at which anoxia is spreading, has not increased appreciably since cores were last analyzed in the 1980s. Based on core top data collected during the past half century, sedimentary dynamics within SMB has changed minimally during last 40 years. Specifically, mass accumulation rates, laminated sediment fabric, extent of bioturbation, and % Corg have not changed. The only parameter that appeared to have changed in the last 250 years was the MAR with an apparent step-wise increase occurring between ~ 1850–1900 CE, yet the post-1900 CE constancy of sedimentation through a period of massive urbanization is surprising.
Climatic subdivision of Heinrich Stadial 1 based on centennial-scale paleoenvironmental changes observed in the western Mediterranean area
Authors: Camuera Jon , Jiménez-Moreno Gonzalo , Ramos-Román María J. , García-Alix Antonio , Jiménez-Espejo Francisco , Toney Jaime L. , Anderson R. Scott , Webster Cole
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1) is one of the most extreme climate periods of the last glacial cycle, generating extremely low sea surface temperatures (SST) and significant changes in terrestrial landscape (e.g., vegetation). Previous studies show that overall cold/dry conditions occurred during HS1, but the lack of high-resolution records precludes whether climate was stable or instead characterized by instability. A high-resolution paleoclimatic record from Padul (southern Iberian Peninsula), supported by a robust chronology, shows that climate during HS1 was non-stationary and centennial-scale variability in moisture is superimposed on this overall cold climatic period. In this study we improve the resolution and suggest a novel subdivision of HS1 in 7 sub-phases, including: i) 3 sub-phases (a.1–a.3) during an arid early phase (HS1a; ∼18.4–17.2 kyr BP), ii) a humid middle phase (HS1b; ∼17.2–16.7 kyr BP), and iii) 3 sub-phases (c.1–c.3) during an arid late phase (HS1c; ∼16.7–15.6 kyr BP). This climatic subdivision is regionally supported by SST oscillations from the Mediterranean Sea, suggesting a strong land-ocean relationship. A cyclostratigraphic analysis of our pollen data indicates that HS1 climate variability, and thus this subdivision, is characterized by &sim:2000 and ∼800-yr periodicities, suggesting solar forcing controlling climate in this area.
Update and evaluation of the ozone dry deposition in Oslo CTM3 v1.0
Authors: Falk Stefanie , Søvde Haslerud Amund
Published: November 2019

Abstract. High concentrations of ozone in ambient air are hazardous not only to humans but to the ecosystem in general. The impact of ozone damage on vegetation and agricultural plants in combination with advancing climate change may affect food security in the future. While the future scenarios in themselves are uncertain, there are limiting factors constraining the accuracy of surface ozone modeling also at present: the distribution and amount of ozone precursors and ozone-depleting substances, the stratosphere–troposphere exchange, as well as scavenging processes. Removal of any substance through gravitational settling or by uptake by plants and soil is referred to as dry deposition. The process of dry deposition is important for predicting surface ozone concentrations and understanding the observed amount and increase of tropospheric background ozone. The conceptual dry deposition velocities are calculated following a resistance-analogous approach, wherein aerodynamic, quasi-laminar, and canopy resistance are key components, but these are hard to measure explicitly. We present an update of the dry deposition scheme implemented in Oslo CTM3. We change from a purely empirical dry deposition parameterization to a more process-based one which takes the state of the atmosphere and vegetation into account. We examine the sensitivity of the scheme to various parameters, e.g., the stomatal conductance-based description of the canopy resistance and the choice of ozone surface resistance, and evaluate the resulting modeled ozone dry deposition with respect to observations and multi-model studies. Individual dry deposition velocities are now available for each land surface type and agree generally well with observations. We also estimate the impact on the modeled ozone concentrations at the surface. We show that the global annual total ozone dry deposition decreases with respect to the previous model version (−37 %), leading to an increase in surface ozone of more than 100 % in some regions. While high sensitivity to changes in dry deposition to vegetation is found in the tropics and the Northern Hemisphere, the largest impact on global scales is associated with the choice of prescribed ozone surface resistance over the ocean and deserts.
Soil moisture: variable in space but redundant in time
Authors: Mälicke Mirko , Hassler Sibylle K. , Blume Theresa , Weiler Markus , Zehe Erwin
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Soil moisture at the headwater scale exhibits a huge spatial variability and single or even distributed TDR measurements yield non-representative data (Zehe et al., 2010, p. 874 l. 11–14). This suggests that even a huge amount of observation points would not be able to capture soil moisture variability. Here we ask whether spatial variability is the dead-end to spatially distributed point sampling – or whether point networks yield representative data on dynamic changes nevertheless? We present a measure to capture the spatial dissimilarity, or dispersion, and its change over time. Statistical dispersion among observation points is related to their distance to describe spatial patterns. We analyzed the temporal evolution and emergence of these patterns and use Mean shift clustering algorithm to identify and analyze clusters. We found that soil moisture observations from the Colpach catchment in Luxembourg to cluster in two fundamentally different states. On the one hand, we found rainfall-driven data clusters, usually characterized by strong relationships between dispersion and distance. Their spatial extent roughly matches the hillslope scale. On the other hand, we found clusters covering the vegetation period. In drying and then dry soil conditions there is no particular spatial dependence in soil moisture patterns, but the values are highly similar beyond hillslope scale. By combining uncertainty propagation with information theory, we were able to calculate the information content of spatial similarity with respect to measurement uncertainty (when are patterns different outside of uncertainty margins?). We were able to prove that the spatial information contained in soil moisture observations is highly redundant and can be compressed to only a fragment of the original data volume without significant information loss. Our most interesting finding is that even a few soil moisture time series bear a considerable amount of information about dynamic changes of soil moisture. We argue that distributed soil moisture sampling reflects an organized catchment state, where soil moisture variability is not random. Thus, only a small amount of observation points is necessary to capture soil moisture dynamics.
The nonlinear vibrations of a vertical hard gyroscopic rotor with nonlinear characteristics
Authors: Iskakov Zharilkassin , Bissembayev Kuatbay
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The paper considers an impact of viscous linear and cubic
nonlinear damping of the elastic support on nonlinear vibrations of a
vertical hard gyroscopic unbalanced rotor, taking into account nonlinear
stiffness of the support material. Analyzing the research results shows that
linear and cubic nonlinear damping can significantly suppress the resonance
peak of the fundamental harmonic, eliminate the jumping phenomena of the
nonlinear system. In non-resonance areas where the velocity is higher than
the critical one, cubic nonlinear damping, unlike linear one, can slightly
suppress amplitude of the rotor vibration. Therefore, in the high-velocity
area, only nonlinear damping can maintain performance of a vibration
isolator. In resonance area, an increase in linear or cubic nonlinear
damping significantly suppresses the ability to absolute displacement. In
non-resonance area, where the rotational velocity is lower than the critical
one, they have almost no impact on ability to absolute displacement. In high
velocity area, an increase in nonlinear damping may slightly increase the
moment of force transmissibility, but linear damping has almost no impact on
it. The obtained results can be successfully used to produce passive
vibration isolators used for damping the vibrations of rotary machines,
including gyroscopic ones.
Testing the validity of regional detail in global analyses of sea surface temperature – the case of Chinese coastal waters
Authors: Li Yan , von Storch Hans , Wang Qingyuan , Zhou Qingliang , Tang Shengquan
Published: November 2019

Abstract. We have designed a method for testing the quality of
multidecadal analyses of sea surface temperature (SST) in regional seas by using a set of high-quality
local SST observations. In recognizing that local data may reflect local
effects, we focus on the dominant empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of the local data and of the localized
data of the gridded SST analyses. We examine the patterns, variability, and
trends of the principal components. This method is applied to
examine three different SST analyses, i.e., HadISST1, ERSST, and COBE SST.
They have been assessed using a newly constructed high-quality dataset of
SST at 26 coastal stations along the Chinese coast in 1960–2015, which
underwent careful examination with respect to quality and a number of
corrections for inhomogeneities. The three gridded analyses perform generally well from 1960 to 2015, in particular since 1980. However, for the
pre-satellite period prior to the 1980s, the analyses differ among each other
and show some inconsistencies with the local data, such as artificial break
points, periods of bias, and differences in trends. We conclude that gridded
SST analyses need improvement in the pre-satellite period (prior to the 1980s)
by reexamining in detail archives of local quality-controlled SST data in
many data-sparse regions of the world.
'Innstrumenta publica' vinculados a la adquisición de la propiedad. Cartas de trueque, venta y posesión en la corona de castilla durante el siglo XVI: el caso de Málaga
Authors: Marchant Rivera Alicia
Published: November 2019

El presente trabajo pretende someter al análisis diplomático y a la transcripción paleográfica ciertos modelos documentales vinculados a la adquisición de la propiedad, como son las cartas de trueque, venta y posesión, en el marco cronológico de la primera mitad del siglo XVI y en el contexto geográfico de una plaza meridional de la Corona de Castilla, la ciudad de Málaga. Todo ello, al amparo de los formularios y tratados de literatura notarial que se publicaron y consolidaron su uso y difusión en la etapa y con el objetivo de visibilizar la labor de la ciencia diplomática, que, con su aporte de conocimiento de los documentos, parte de la técnica, del análisis de la fórmula, para lograr dotarlos de contenido histórico.
Edaphoclimatic Conditions of the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region Affect the Productivity and Composition of Sunflower Oil
Authors: Sousa Valéria Fernandes de Oliveira , Santos Gisele Lopes dos , Maia Josemir Moura , Meneses Carlos Henrique Salvino Gadelha , Rodrigues Marília Hortência Batista Silva , Dias Thiago Jardelino
Published: November 2019

It has been suggested that fatty acid balance in standard sunflower oil may be influenced by the genotype of the plant or by variation in environmental growth conditions. Therefore, this study analysed aspects of sunflower productivity and oil quality obtained from achenes of plants cultivated in a semi-arid environment, resulting from seed obtained from other regions with different edaphoclimatic characteristics. The experiment was conducted between February and May, in a Brazilian semi-arid area. At 90 days after sowing (DAS), the physiological maturation period, tissue was harvested, and the yield of plant green matter, oil and oil per hectare was evaluated. A comparative analysis of the oil content of achenes before and after planting (parental v progeny) was performed. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design of 4 treatments (genotypes), Embrapa122, BRSG01, Helio253 and Helio250, and 4 replications, for a total of 16 experimental plots, with each plot constituting 8 plants. In this study, sunflowers were produced in the climatic conditions of the Brazilian semi-arid region with biomasses, achenes and oil contents that were different from other crop productions in the country, providing the possibility of obtaining oil with a distinct chemical composition.
Analysis of Village Fund Policy Implementation in Improving Village Independence in Lombok Tengah Districtnusa Tenggara Barat Province
Authors: Utama Lalu Satria , Effendy Khasan , - Ngadisah , Wildan Lalu
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of village fund policies in Central Lombok seen in its performance of increasing village independence. The research method used is qualitative research design (case study). Determination of informants, researchers used purposive and snowball techniques. Data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation techniques. The Village Fund's policy is not optimal in increasing the independence of the village in terms of content and policy context. a) interests that are affected: the freedom of the village in managing the budget requires the need to measure the efficiency of the program / activity; b) type of benefit, more activities lead to infrastructure and not optimal participation of citizens, this happens because of some difficulties; c) desired target changes, different targets lead to lengthy policy controls, the oversight system is not optimal; d) the location of decision making, is still limited to the perception of the village elite; e) implementing the program, there TPK actually shows the inability of the village to build collective awareness of the community; f) resources allocated, the use of technology in the operation of the Village Fund has not been optimal, the education level of the village apparatus is an average high school equivalent and a hamlet head of junior high school is equivalent; g) the power, interests and strategies of the actors involved, this difference causes a mixture of values in the implementation of policies that give birth to manipulative legalistic; h) characteristics of regimes and institutions, there are feudalistic, capitalistic practices in political affiliation and village government management; i) compliance and responsiveness, there is a relationship between compliance with transparency of activities, compliance with the consistency of policy implementers, and the relationship between compliance and commitment.
Økologisk demokrati og naturens iboende verdi
Authors: Lysaker Odin
Published: November 2019

Vi står overfor en planetær miljø- og klimakrise, med alvorlige, gjennomgripende, langvarige og irreversible konsekvenser for både menneske og natur. Det skyldes særlig at politiske, rettslige og økonomiske systemer som har vokst frem i løpet av de siste 250 år – slik som det liberale demokratiet og den globale kapitalismen – behandler naturen antroposentrisk, materialistisk og instrumentelt. For bedre å håndtere dagens miljø- og klimakrise, bør disse utdaterte systemene reformeres ut fra tanken om et økologisk demokrati, herunder en grønn konstitusjonalisme og naturens moralske trumf. Norges første klimasøksmål illustrerer viktigheten av en slik systemisk grønning. Rettsaken fant sted i 2017 og kom opp igjen for rettsapparatet i 2019, hvor staten hevdes å bryte miljøparagrafen (§ 112) i sin egen grunnlov. Søksmålets grønning innebærer en positiv rettsliggjøring, hvis natursynet i Grunnlovens miljøparagraf forstås økosentrisk (klodesentrert) fremfor antroposentrisk (menneskesentrert). Da styrker klimasøksmålet økologiske medborgeres konstitusjonelle rettssikkerhet og demokratiske deltagelseslikhet. Viktigst er imidlertid at planetens eksistensielle tålegrense og naturens moralske trumf anerkjennes.  

Nøkkelord: Miljøkrise, klimasøksmål, økologisk demokrati, økologisk medborgerskap, grønn konstitusjonalisme, naturens moralske trumf, positiv rettsliggjøring

 

English Summary: Ecological democracy and the inherent value of nature: Climate litigation in the age of the environmental crisis

We are facing a planetary environmental and climate crisis, with severe, pervasive, long-lasting, and irreversible impacts for both humans and nature. This is due to political, legal, and economic systems having emerged during the last 250 years – especially liberal democracy and global capitalism – treat nature anthropocentrically, materialistically, and instrumentally. To better handle today’s environmental and climate crisis, these outdated systems should be reformed in light of the idea of ecological democracy, hereunder green constitutionalism and nature’s moral trump. Norway’s first climate lawsuit illustrates the importance of such a systemic greening. This trial took place in 2017 and reappeared for the court in 2019, in which the state is accused for having broken the environmental paragraph (§ 112) in its own constitution. This lawsuit’s greening implies a positive juridification, if the perception of nature in the Constitution’s environmental paragraph is ecocentric (earth-centered) rather than anthropocentric (human-centered). Then, the climate lawsuit strengthens ecological co-citizens’ constitutionally rule of law and democratic participation equality. Most importantly, it recognizes the planet’s existential limits and nature’s moral trump.

Keywords: Environmental crisis, climate lawsuit, ecological democracy, ecological citizenship, green constitutionalism, nature’s moral trump, positive legalization
Micro injertación de cacao (Theobroma cacao) autóctono de El Salvador
Authors: Calderón Acuña Henry Omar , Zetino Martínez Jacquelinne Griselda
Published: November 2019

El cultivo del cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), actualmente, es una alternativa sustentable en El Salvador que pretende competir en los mercados internacionales, gracias a su calidad genética y chocolatera; fino y de aroma. Sin embargo, para lograr ese objetivo, es necesario seguir investigando el comportamiento del cultivo. Para obtener una producción chocolatera deseada es necesario partir de la variedad o accesión de cacao que se está cultivando. Tradicionalmente, la reproducción de este cultivo se realiza de forma sexual (por semilla); no obstante, esto genera un comportamiento genético no definido que produce una alteración en la calidad chocolatera. Las técnicas de reproducción asexual como la microinjertación, son una solución para garantizar calidad genética y establecimiento de viveros en poco tiempo. Para realizar la microinjertación se probaron dos métodos, in vitro y en campo; en la microinjertación in vitro, se introdujeron yemas apicales y axilares de cacao en un medio de cultivo Murashige y Skoog, 1962 (MS) con macrosales a la mitad, 30 g/L de sacarosa, 0.3mg/L de kinetina. En la microinjertación en campo se germinaron semillas de cacao amazónico forastero, para obtener plantas patrón o portainjerto, y se recolectaron brotes o chupones ortotrópicos de diferentes accesiones de cacao de alto rendimiento, para injertarlos en las plántulas germinadas. El método más efectivo para realizar la microinjertación fue en campo, debido a que el método in vitro fracasó en la fase de desinfección e introducción de los explantes en el medio de cultivo.
Rendimiento y valor nutricional de avena asociada con vicia en condiciones altoandinas de Junín, Perú
Authors: Altamirano Marcial Enciso , Bravo Carlos Gómez , Rojas Mariano Echevarría , Zavala César Osorio , Quispe Orlando Chipana , Camacho Wilfredo Ruiz
Published: November 2019

En el presente estudio se plantea como objetivo determinar el rendimiento en materia seca y el valor nutricional de la asociación de avena-vicia, empleando diferentes variedades y proporciones en la siembra en condiciones altoandinas de la región Junín, Perú. Se sembró la avena (Avena sativa), variedad Mantaro 15 y Centenario, asociada con vicia (Vicia sativa) en dos proporciones de siembra: de 80-20 y 70-30 Kg/ha en un diseño experimental de bloques completamente al azar; con arreglo factorial 2x2. Resultado: el rendimiento de la variedad Centenario de 15,833a Kg/ha de materia seca y variedad Mantaro 15 de 12,765b Kg/ha de materia seca; y en porcentaje de proteína de 6.5b y 7.9a, respectivamente. Se concluyó en rendimiento de materia seca (Kg/ha) y energía metabolizable (MJ/ha), la variedad Centenariovicia fue superior a Mantaro 15-vicia; y en contenido de porcentaje de proteína, la variedad Mantaro 15-vicia fue mejor a la variedad Centenario-vicia.
Auriferous Archean Greenstone-Sedimentary Belts
Authors: Boyle R. W.
Published: November 2019

Auriferous deposits in greenstone-sedimentary belts are quartz veins, irregular complex siliceous zones, and stockworks in shear zones, faults, fractures, sheeted zones, and minor folds. Mineralization includes essentially quartz, carbonates, pyrite, arsenopyrite, and various minor sulfides. Alteration includes mainly chloritization, development of talc, carbonatization, sericitization, biotitization, silicification, tourmalinization, pyritization, and development of arsenopyrite. Native gold is the principal economic mineral, but aurostibite and tellurides are common in certain deposits.

Several theories have been proposed to explain the genesis of these deposits, including the abyssal, ore magma, magmatic hydrothermal, granitization, exhalative, and lateral and meta-morphic secretion theories. Positive and negative geologic and geochemical evidence is discussed for each of these theories.
The Economics of Gold—November 1988
Authors: Milling-Stanley G.
Published: November 2019

This paper concludes that an analysis of current and expected trends in the fundamentals of supply and demand does not support the view that there is a gold glut. Total supply is rising as mine production increases, but this is being matched by growing fabrication demand, primarily for carat jewelry. The key to future prices rests with the level of investment demand, which is currently strong in Asia but virtually nonexistent in Europe and North America.
Anatomy of a Discovery
Authors: Gustafson Donald L.
Published: November 2019

The discovery of gold mineralization at the Manhattan mercury mine, Napa and Yolo counties, California, in 1978 was the result of applying a new exploration ore deposit model in a region previously unprospected for gold. This discovery, the McLaughlin gold mine, owned and operated by the Homestake Mining Company, is a classic mercury-bearing, epithermal hot springs gold deposit currently producing approximately 7,776,000 g (250,000 troy oz) of gold annually.

The exploration program that led to this discovery was based on a genetic model for such deposits. The model was developed using basic knowledge of ore-forming processes combined with careful field observations made during examination of many known precious metal districts in the western United States. Theoretically, hot spring systems could host gold deposits, and indeed, gold in these environments had been recognized for years. However, at the time of the McLaughlin discovery, it was not known to occur in sufficient quantities to inspire geologists to explore hot spring systems specifically for gold. Field observations recognized the presence of hot spring deposits and mercury mineralization associated with precious metal districts, as at Bodie, California, and this association prompted the development of a hypothetical model. Subsequent exploration activities were directed toward the examination of mercury mines and prospects as potential targets for gold deposits. The model envisioned hot spring deposits (sinter) containing mercury mineralization at the surface, with anomalous gold values grading downward into significant ore-grade gold values.

The initial examination of the Manhattan mercury mine recognized the features represented in the hypothetical model, and sampling detected anomalous to ore-grade gold mineralization at the surface. An aggressive exploration program resulted, with advancement of the project through Homestake’s staged exploration program to full production. This program consisted of surface mapping and sampling followed by three-dimensional testing in the target exploration and deposit development stages of exploration. Exploration activities during the four and one-half year period prior to transfer of the deposit to Homestake’s operations group included drilling of 409 holes, underground drilling and crosscutting, engineering studies, metallurgical test work, environmental base line studies, governmental and public relations programs, and economic analyses to produce a conceptual feasibility study justifying the project for transfer in June 1982 to the operations group for design, construction, and ultimately, production.

The steps that led to the McLaughlin discovery are outlined below, as are the results of the various phases of exploration.
Copper-Zeolite Ore Formation
Authors: Duzhikov O.A.
Published: November 2019

The first evidence of native copper in the volcanic rocks in the northern part of the Siberian platform was published in the classic work of V.I. Vernadsky “An Opus on Descriptive Mineralogy”. In 1945, G.G. Moor, while analyzing scarce data on native copper in the lava fields of the area of the Siberian traps concluded that there was a genetic correlation between this mineralization and deposits located in the area of the Upper Great Lakes Michigan of the United States of America.

Many showings of native copper have been recorded since _ the start of the 1950’s, due to the development of systematic geological mapping and prospecting in the Noril’sk region, and in the northwestern part of the Siberian platform in general. Most of these occur in the upper part of the sequence of tuffs and lavas. Copper is concentrated essentially in the amygdular basalts and lava breccias, rarely in massive portions of the basalt sequence. Disseminated copper has been found in tuffs and limestones which occur in tuffaceous horizons of the Triassic basalts, and sometimes in carbonate veins.

Important new data on the distribution of the copper mineralization were obtained as a result of prospecting along the northern slopes of the Kharayelakh mountains [36, 43]. Several copper-bearing horizons were recognized in the volcanics, including the elongate, stratiform, Arylakhsky deposit, which contains copper mineralization throughout. The distribution of the copper is governed by lithology and stratigraphy, and most of the showings are associated with carbonate horizons which occupy several
Financial Advice and Portfolio Diversification
Authors: C. Arize Augustine , Guo Tao , Malindretos John , Verzani Lawrence
Published: November 2019

This paper examines whether households diversify their investment portfolios and whether portfolio diversification could be affected by where investors seek advice. We found that respondents find advice from banks, insurance companies, and brokerage houses less helpful compared to reading investment research and financial periodicals when making their portfolio decisions. Comparing among the advice from all type of financial institution or financial professionals, it is found that advice from brokerage houses is still the most helpful. But when looking at their actual portfolio diversification, those who rely on brokers’ advice ended up with a less diversified portfolio. These findings support our hypothesis that investors’ portfolio could be negatively influenced because of the services they received from brokerage houses.
The Implementation of Station Rotation and Flipped Classroom Models of Blended Learning in EFL Learning
Authors: Mahalli . , Nurkamto Joko , Mujiyanto Januarius , Yuliasri Issy
Published: November 2019

This research was conducted to analyze the implementation of blended learning. This study focused on the implementation Station Rotation and Flipped Classroom models of blended learning in academic writing course in English Education Study Program of UNISNU Jepara. Observation and interview were done to collect the data of the implementation of Station Rotation and Flipped Classroom model. The study found that station rotation was implemented in 3 cycles/rotations; 1) teacher led instruction, 2) independent work or ollaborative activities , and 3) online learning. Whereas flipped classroom was implemented in 2 steps; 1) lecturer share online assignment about the topic through SIAkad Unisnu Jepara, and 2) face-to-face meeting in the classroom. It also found that blended learning can facilitate the flexibiliy and make students learn more active and urge their curiousity.