bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The investigation of dysregulated visual perceptual organization in adults with autism spectrum disorders with phase-amplitude coupling and directed connectivity
Authors: Sun Limin
Published: June 2024

Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) has been used as a powerful tool to understand the mechanism underlying neural binding by investigating neural synchrony across different frequency bands. This study examined the possibility that dysregulated alpha-gamma modulation may be crucially involved in aberrant brain functioning in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Magnetoencephalographic data were recorded from 13 adult participants with ASD and 16 controls. The time-coursed sources averaged over a primary visual area 1 and fusiform gyrus area were reconstructed with the minimum-norm estimate method. The alpha-gamma PAC was further calculated based on these sources. The statistical analysis was implemented based on the PAC and directed asymmetry index. The results showed the hyper-activity coupling for ASD at the no-face condition and revealed the importance of alpha-gamma phase modulation in detecting a face. Our data provides novel evidence for the role of the alpha-gamma PAC and suggests that the globe connectivity may be more critical during visual perception.
The effects of a prehabilitation programme based on therapeutic exercise, back care education, and pain neuroscience education in patients scheduled for lumbar radiculopathy surgery: A study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Arguisuelas María Dolores , Garrigós-Pedrón Miriam , Martínez-Hurtado Isabel , Lisón Juan Francisco , Biviá-Roig Gemma , Álvarez-Llanas Alejandro , Tortosa-Sipán Esteban , Llombart-Blanco Rafael , Rodrigo-Paradells Víctor , Olmos-García Matías Alfonso , Tomé-Bermejo Félix , Blanco-Blanco Juan Francisco , Doménech-Fernández Julio
Published: June 2024

The aim of this present clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent prehabilitation programme administered through educational videos versus another programme based on written exercise recommendations, in patients scheduled for lumbar radiculopathy surgery. This study will be a multicentre, controlled, randomised, parallel clinical trial. One hundred participants undergoing lumbar radiculopathy surgery who meet the established inclusion criteria will be recruited at different Spanish hospitals. The experimental group will follow a 4-week prehabilitation programme combining therapeutic exercise, back care education, and pain neuroscience education delivered through videos designed for consumption at home. The control group will be provided with written instructions to perform therapeutic exercises during the same prehabilitation time period. The primary outcome of the study will be disability, assessed using the Spanish version of the Oswestry Disability Index. The secondary outcomes will be pain perception, health-related quality of life, fear avoidance, kinesiophobia, catastrophising, anxiety, depression, physical activity, and the treatment satisfaction of the patients. This study will provide evidence for the effectiveness of a home-based multicomponent prehabilitation programme that addresses some already identified barriers to patient attendance in face-to-face programmes. Understanding the medium and long-term effects of pre-surgery lumbar muscle training and pain neuroscience education administered via instructional videos watched by patients at home, will help improve the design of prehabilitation programmes in this population while also improving the cost-effectiveness of such interventions.
One-year continuation of postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device: Findings from a prospective cohort study in India
Authors: Srivastava Ashish , Sharma Surendra , Lalchandani Kamlesh , Mohanty Nochiketa , Bhatt Deepak Chandra , Usmanova Gulnoza , Sood Bulbul , Kumar Somesh
Published: June 2024

Objective(s)

To estimate continuation rates for postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUD) at 6 weeks, 6 months and 1-year within existing programs in an under-resourced setting, and to identify determinants of discontinuation, removal and expulsion.

Study design

We used a prospective cohort design and enrolled recent PPIUD adopter women across 100 public healthcare facilities in Odisha and Chhattisgarh, India. We collected their socio-demographic information and followed them up telephonically at 6 weeks, 6 months and 1 year for complications and continuation status. We assessed PPIUD continuation rates and factors associated with PPIUD discontinuation, removal, and expulsion using Cox proportional hazards modelling.

Results

We enrolled 916 participants (579 (63.2%) from Odisha and 337 (36.8%) from Chhattisgarh). The continuation rate of PPIUD was 88.7% at 6 weeks, 74.8% at 6 months 60.1% at one year. Once discontinued, chances of not opting for any family planning method was high (up to 81.2%). Participants with education of 6th to 12th class and those experiencing complications (pain abdomen, bleeding and discharge per vaginum) were more likely to remove the IUD with adjusted hazard ratio of 1.82 (95% CI: 1.18–2.79) and 4.39 (95% CI: 3.25–5.93) respectively. For expulsion, we did not find any factor that was statistically significant.

Conclusion(s)

PPIUD continuation rates declined considerably after the initial 6 weeks. Counselling and follow-up services for managing complications must be strengthened, especially in the first 6 weeks of PPIUD insertion, to enhance and sustain programmatic impact.

Implications

Our findings emphasize on the need to strengthen client counseling and follow-up for management of complications, especially in the first 6 weeks of insertion of PPIUDs. Ongoing programs need to address comprehensive capacity building efforts in this regard.
Automated free speech analysis reveals distinct markers of Alzheimer’s and frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Lopes da Cunha Pamela , Ruiz Fabián , Ferrante Franco , Sterpin Lucas Federico , Ibáñez Agustín , Slachevsky Andrea , Matallana Diana , Martínez Ángela , Hesse Eugenia , García Adolfo M.
Published: June 2024

Dementia can disrupt how people experience and describe events as well as their own role in them. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) compromises the processing of entities expressed by nouns, while behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) entails a depersonalized perspective with increased third-person references. Yet, no study has examined whether these patterns can be captured in connected speech via natural language processing tools. To tackle such gaps, we asked 96 participants (32 AD patients, 32 bvFTD patients, 32 healthy controls) to narrate a typical day of their lives and calculated the proportion of nouns, verbs, and first- or third-person markers (via part-of-speech and morphological tagging). We also extracted objective properties (frequency, phonological neighborhood, length, semantic variability) from each content word. In our main study (with 21 AD patients, 21 bvFTD patients, and 21 healthy controls), we used inferential statistics and machine learning for group-level and subject-level discrimination. The above linguistic features were correlated with patients’ scores in tests of general cognitive status and executive functions. We found that, compared with HCs, (i) AD (but not bvFTD) patients produced significantly fewer nouns, (ii) bvFTD (but not AD) patients used significantly more third-person markers, and (iii) both patient groups produced more frequent words. Machine learning analyses showed that these features identified individuals with AD and bvFTD (AUC = 0.71). A generalizability test, with a model trained on the entire main study sample and tested on hold-out samples (11 AD patients, 11 bvFTD patients, 11 healthy controls), showed even better performance, with AUCs of 0.76 and 0.83 for AD and bvFTD, respectively. No linguistic feature was significantly correlated with cognitive test scores in either patient group. These results suggest that specific cognitive traits of each disorder can be captured automatically in connected speech, favoring interpretability for enhanced syndrome characterization, diagnosis, and monitoring.
Does type 2 diabetes duration influence the effectiveness of an aerobic exercise intervention: Results from the INTENSITY study
Authors: Thomson Amy M. , Rioux Brittany V. , Hrubeniuk Travis J. , Bouchard Danielle R. , Sénéchal Martin
Published: June 2024

Background

Studies suggest that longer durations of T2DM increase the risk of T2DM complications and premature mortality. However, whether T2DM duration impacts the efficacy of an aerobic exercise intervention is unclear.

Objective

The purpose of this study was: 1) to compare changes in body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and glycemia between individuals with short- and long-duration T2DM after aerobic exercise and 2) to determine whether these changes were associated with changes in glycemia by T2DM duration.

Methods

A secondary analysis of the INTENSITY study (NCT03787836), including thirty-four adults (≥19 years) with T2DM who participated in 28 weeks of aerobic exercise training for 150 minutes per week at a moderate-to-vigorous intensity (4.5 to 6.0 metabolic equivalents (METs)). Using pre-established cut-points, participants were categorized into two groups 1) short-duration T2DM (<5 years) or 2) long-duration T2DM (≥5 years). Glycemia was measured by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body composition by BodPod, and cardiorespiratory fitness by a measure of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). All measurements were performed at baseline, 16 weeks, and 28 weeks.

Results

Participants in the short-duration T2DM group experienced decreases in fat mass (kg) (p = 0.03), HbA1c (p = 0.05), and an increased relative VO2peak (p = 0.01). Those with long-duration T2DM experienced decreases in fat mass (kg) (p = 0.02) and HbA1c (p <0.001) and increased fat-free mass (p = 0.02). No significant differences were observed between groups in any outcomes. Changes in fat mass (r = 0.54, p = 0.02), and body fat percentage (r = 0.50, p = 0.02) were significantly associated with the change in HbA1c in those with a long-duration T2DM only.

Conclusion

Our results suggest T2DM duration did not differently impact the efficacy of a 28-week aerobic exercise intervention. However, changes in body composition were associated with better glycemia in individuals with longer T2DM duration only.
Blockade of SIRPα-CD47 axis by anti-SIRPα antibody enhances anti-tumor activity of DXd antibody-drug conjugates
Authors: Sue Mayumi , Tsubaki Takuya , Ishimoto Yoko , Hayashi Shinko , Ishida Saori , Otsuka Takafumi , Isumi Yoshitaka , Kawase Yumi , Yamaguchi Junko , Nakada Takashi , Ishiguro Jun , Nakamura Kensuke , Kawaida Reimi , Ohtsuka Toshiaki , Wada Teiji , Agatsuma Toshinori , Kawasaki Norihito
Published: June 2024

Signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) is an immune inhibitory receptor on myeloid cells including macrophages and dendritic cells, which binds to CD47, a ubiquitous self-associated molecule. SIRPα-CD47 interaction is exploited by cancer cells to suppress anti-tumor activity of myeloid cells, therefore emerging as a novel immune checkpoint for cancer immunotherapy. In blood cancer, several SIRPα-CD47 blockers have shown encouraging monotherapy activity. However, the anti-tumor activity of SIRPα-CD47 blockers in solid tumors seems limited, suggesting the need for combination therapies to fully exploit the myeloid immune checkpoint in solid tumors. Here we tested whether combination of SIRPα-CD47 blocker with antibody-drug conjugate bearing a topoisomerase I inhibitor DXd (DXd-ADC) would enhance anti-tumor activity in solid tumors. To this end, DS-1103a, a newly developed anti-human SIRPα antibody (Ab), was assessed for the potential combination benefit with datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) and trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), DXd-ADCs targeting human trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, respectively. DS-1103a inhibited SIRPα-CD47 interaction and enhanced antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of Dato-DXd and T-DXd against human cancer cells. In a whole cancer cell vaccination model, vaccination with DXd-treated cancer cells led to activation of tumor-specific T cells when combined with an anti-mouse SIRPα (anti-mSIRPα) Ab, implying the benefit of combining DXd-ADCs with anti-SIRPα Ab on anti-tumor immunity. Furthermore, in syngeneic mouse models, both Dato-DXd and T-DXd combination with anti-mSIRPα Ab showed stronger anti-tumor activity over the monotherapies. Taken together, this study provides a preclinical rationale of novel therapies for solid tumors combining SIRPα-CD47 blockers with DXd-ADCs.
Enhancing drug therapy in ostomy patients: Best practice recommendations for medication management
Authors: Berger Vivien , Reeh Matthias , Scherer Martin , Härterich Steffen , Möller Sven , Wansing Eva-Maria Anette , van der Linde Annika , Langebrake Claudia
Published: June 2024

Background

Ostomy surgery is a common procedure that poses various challenges for patients and healthcare professionals. There are numerous guidelines addressing different ostomy-related problems (ORPs) and supporting an interdisciplinary approach for ostomy care, but evidence-based literature for optimizing drug therapy after ostomy surgery is lacking.

Aim

To investigate and characterize typical ORPs in relation to drug therapy and provide best practice recommendations from a pharmaceutical point of view.

Methods

Patients with an ileo- or colostomy were consecutively enrolled in a prospective, interventional monocentric cohort study during hospitalization, with particular attention to medication. A clinical pharmacist assessed DRPs by performing level 3 medication reviews and patient interviews. Pharmacists’ interventions (PIs) were evaluated by two senior clinical pharmacists and documented in DokuPIK (Documentation of Pharmacists’ Interventions in the Hospital). Following interdisciplinary discussions, physicians either accepted or rejected the proposed changes in drug therapy. Comparisons were made between ileostomy and colostomy patients regarding type and extent of PIs.

Results

Out of the 80 patients included in the cohort, 54 (67.5%) had an ileostomy and 26 (32.5%) a colostomy. In this study, 288 PIs were documented (234 ileostomy vs. 54 colostomy), of wich 94.0% were accepted and implemented by the physicians. The most common reason for PIs in both subgroups (29.6% ileostomy vs. 26.1% colostomy) was a missing drug although indicated (e.g. no loperamide, but high stoma output). The proportion of PIs associated with the ostomy was higher in ileostomy patients (48.3% ileostomy vs. 31.5% colostomy; p = 0.025). Typical ORPs were extracted and analyzed as case studies including recommendations for their respective management and prevention.

Conclusion

This study highlights the importance of clinical pharmacists being a part of interdisciplinary teams to collaboratively improve ostomy care and patient safety. Especially ileostomy patients are more vulnerable for ORPs in the context of drug therapy and need to be monitored carefully.
Temporal regulation of MDA5 inactivation by Caspase-3 dependent cleavage of 14-3-3η
Authors: Chan Yun-Jui , Liu Nien-Tzu , Hsin Fu , Lu Jia-Ying , Lin Jing-Yi , Liu Helene Minyi
Published: June 2024

The kinetics of type I interferon (IFN) induction versus the virus replication compete, and the result of the competition determines the outcome of the infection. Chaperone proteins that involved in promoting the activation kinetics of PRRs rapidly trigger antiviral innate immunity. We have previously shown that prior to the interaction with MAVS to induce type I IFN, 14-3-3η facilitates the oligomerization and intracellular redistribution of activated MDA5. Here we report that the cleavage of 14-3-3η upon MDA5 activation, and we identified Caspase-3 activated by MDA5-dependent signaling was essential to produce sub-14-3-3η lacking the C-terminal helix (αI) and tail. The cleaved form of 14-3-3η (sub-14-3-3η) could strongly interact with MDA5 but could not support MDA5-dependent type I IFN induction, indicating the opposite functions between the full-length 14-3-3η and sub-14-3-3η. During human coronavirus or enterovirus infections, the accumulation of sub-14-3-3η was observed along with the activation of Caspase-3, suggesting that RNA viruses may antagonize 14-3-3η by promoting the formation of sub-14-3-3η to impair antiviral innate immunity. In conclusion, sub-14-3-3η, which could not promote MDA5 activation, may serve as a negative feedback to return to homeostasis to prevent excessive type I IFN production and unnecessary inflammation.
Household water insecurity experience in the Upper West Region of Ghana: Insights for effective water resource management
Authors: Pienaah Cornelius K. A. , Saaka Sulemana Ansumah , Batung Evans , Mohammed Kamaldeen , Luginaah Isaac
Published: June 2024

The global community is not on track to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6) by 2030. Many low- and middle-income countries like Ghana still struggle with water insecurity. In semi-arid regions like Ghana’s Upper West, climate change has worsened water insecurity, leading to health and livelihood consequences. In UWR, limited studies have explored water insecurity in rural areas. This study fills a knowledge gap by investigating the determinants of water insecurity in Ghana’s Upper West Region (UWR) from a political ecology of health (PEH) perspective. It comprehensively explores the interplay of social, economic, political, environmental, and health-related factors contributing to water insecurity in the UWR. The results from binary logistic regression show that households in the wealthier category (OR = 0.475, p<0.05) and those that spent less than thirty minutes on a roundtrip to fetch water (OR = 0.474, p<0.01) were less likely to experience water insecurity. On the other hand, households that did not use rainwater harvesting methods (OR = 2.117, p<0.01), had to travel over a kilometer to access water (OR = 3.249, p<0.01), had inadequate water storage systems (OR = 2.290, p<0.001), did not treat their water (OR = 2.601, p<0.001), were exposed to water-induced infections (OR = 3.473, p<0.001), did not receive any water, hygiene, and sanitation education (OR = 2.575, p<0.01), and faced water scarcity during the dry season (OR = 2.340, p<0.001) were at a higher risk of experiencing water insecurity. To mitigate the risks of water insecurity and adverse health impacts, policymakers and practitioners must work together to educate households on effective water conservation, storage, and treatment techniques. It is recommended that households harvest rainwater as a coping strategy, construct appropriate storage systems, and treat their water. Communal self-help water investments should be encouraged and supported. Given the significant aquifers and semi-arid landscape of the UWR, investing in groundwater development should be a top priority.
Taming the Forest: Embracing the complexity of art-sci research through microhistory, bioeconomics and intermedia art
Authors: Meden Nikita Peresin , Pranjić Kristina , Purg Peter
Published: June 2024

An ongoing collaborative project between art and science, Taming the Forest (2022) was implemented by a team of students, artists and researchers charting an interdisciplinary project among bioeconomics, environmental history, policy and artistic practice. In this article, the project acts as a case study for researching the conflicting narratives of history and economics about biodiversity in general, and specifically about forests. It shows how different blends of methodologies in artistic-cum-scientific research can become relevant for both realms, opening new creative pathways and pedagogical registers while repeatedly returning to a specific forest’s microhistory. Moreover, the article stresses the need for a new sensibility and complex knowledge, moving beyond an objective study and becoming attentive to different dimensions of research and its outputs that emerge through the introduction of artistic thinking and methodologies. This kind of transdisciplinary approach becomes necessary in order to tackle the manifold large-scale problems such as the climate and biodiversity crises, which call for both acting decisively and transforming radically, above all with regard to how humans perceive, relate to and manage nature.
Dilemmák az evangélikus iskolavárosok rangsorolása körül
Authors: Durovics Alex
Published: June 2024

A magyarországi oktatástörténetnek a 19. század első felében különleges intézményei voltak az úgynevezett líceumok. Írásomban az egyes iskolák evangélikus oktatási hierarchiában betöltött szerepét azok diákságának iskolaváltása nyomán kívánom meghatározni. Adatbázisomban 1550 olyan diákra van adat, akik tanulmányaik során több líceum felsőbb képzésére is beiratkoztak. A legtöbb átiratkozás természetesen a legjelentősebb, legnépszerűbb iskolákba történt. A különféle szempontú elemzések megerősítik, hogy Pozsony, Késmárk és Eperjes mellett Lőcse, Sopron, Selmecbánya és Szarvas iskolái csupán másodlagos szereppel bírtak. Az átiratkozó diákok az ország evangélikus nemesi, polgári, jórészt értelmiségi pályákhoz kötődő családjaiból származtak. Voltak, akik nem egyszer képzésük során akár kettőnél több iskolát is felkerestek. A bölcsészeti, teológiai és néha még jogi tanfolyamot is biztosító intézmények között éppen azok képzésének különbözősége volt a fő oka a diákok iskolaváltásának. Így a hallgatói létszámukra is kisebb iskolák diákjai közül többen is elindultak, hogy nagyobb, jobb képzést biztosító intézményekben tanulhassanak. Nem csupán a kisebb intézményekből a nagyobbak irányába volt mozgás. A jelentősebb iskolák diákjai körében is gyakori volt, hogy azok a megfelelő anyagi háttér birtokában képzésüket egy másik nagy evangélikus iskolában folytatták. A három legjelentősebb evangélikus iskola, Pozsony, Eperjes és Késmárk esetében a diákok képzésüket ezek között váltogatták. A többi esetében pedig szintén ez említett három volt a fő cél.
A tehetséges tanulók iskolai teljesítményét korlátozó belső gátak
Authors: Noémi Ilona Oláh , Olajos Tímea
Published: June 2024

Az imposztor jelenség a kifejezetten magasan teljesítő egyénekben megjelenő folyamatos belső feszültséget jelenti, melynek oka nem más, mint a kompetenciaélmény, illetve az elért sikerek internalizálásának hiánya. Az érintett egyének annak ellenére, hogy számos objektív bizonyítékot kapnak kiváló képességeikre vonatkozóan, mégis a potenciális kudarctól, a „lelepleződéstől” való félelemben élnek. Elért sikereiket külső kontrollos beállítódással a saját érdemük helyett a szerencsének vagy akár a túlzott felkészülésnek tulajdonítják. Jelen tanulmány kifejezetten az iskolai tehetséggondozásban részt vevők érintettségére kívánja felhívni a figyelmet. Az imposztorizmus ugyanis a tehetséges diákoknál megjelenő alulteljesítés egyik vezető individuális indokának minősül. Hosszú távon számos mentálhigiénét, testi-lelki jóllétet veszélyeztető hatással is bír – ugyanakkor e jelenség iskolai közegben való előfordulása hazánkban kevéssé ismert. Mindemellett az imposztorizmus következményei nem csak a jelenben hatnak, de kihatnak a jövővel kapcsolatos aspirációkra is. Az egyénben megjelenő imposztor gondolatok ugyanis egy olyan kialakult belső képet adhatnak, mely korlátozni képes az érintett tehetséges fiatal pályaválasztási elképzeléseit és szakmai potenciáljának kiteljesedését is. A tanulmány szándéka az imposztor jelenség általános karakterisztikumainak bemutatásán túl az iskolai közegben megjelenő sajátságos jellemzők leírása, specifikációja. A vonások és viselkedéses jellemzők ismertetésével lehetőség nyílhat az érintett diákok felismerésére. Emellett a bemutatott intervenciós lehetőségek módot adhatnak az említett diákok támogatására, melynek célja a tehetséges diákok teljesítményszintjének emelése, illetve a bennük lévő belső feszültség enyhítése.
Analisis Senyawa Organik Volatil di Perairan Sedati, Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur
Authors: Yamindago Ade , Yona Defri , Farhaninur Amalia Izzy
Published: June 2024

Senyawa organik volatil atau volatile organic compounds (VOC) adalah kelompok senyawa yang sering ditemukan di lingkungan perairan yang memiliki dampak negatif pada ekosistem dan kesehatan manusia. Keberadaan VOC di perairan dapat disebabkan oleh produksi dan penggunaan senyawa ini secara berkepanjangan. Sungai Sedati terletak di daerah perkotaan telah menerima masukan senyawa ini dari kegiatan rumah tangga, bahan baku industri, pertanian dan budidaya perikanan. Pendeteksian VOC di badan dan muara Sungai Sedati dilakukan menggunakan Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) dan Gas Cromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengevaluasi kualitas perairan berupa pH, DO, salinitas, suhu, dan arus. Total 39 senyawa diperoleh dari Perairan Sedati, dimana senyawa-senyawa tersebut digunakan sebagai bahan kimia industri, bahan kimia farmasi, produk pembersih, produk perawatan pribadi, plasticizer, dan pestisida. Penggunaan tertinggi sebanyak 17 senyawa digunakan sebagai bahan kimia industri dan tujuh senyawa sebagai pestisida. Cemaran VOC didominasi oleh fenol (2,4-di-tert-butilfenol; 3,5-di-tert-butilfenol). Analisis kualitas air menunjukkan bahwa kualitas Perairan Sedati masih dalam ambang batas baku mutu air sungai kelas III dan baku mutu air laut. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi mengenai potensi dampak VOC, dan pentingnya pengelolaan limbah perkotaan yang lebih berkualitas untuk ekosistem perairan dan kesehatan manusia.  Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a group of chemicals that are frequently detected in aquatic environments, and show negative impacts on ecosystem and human health. The existence of VOCs in the waters may be obtained from their massive production and application. The Sedati River is located in an urban area that has received impacts from household activities, industrial raw materials, agriculture, and aquaculture. The detection of VOCs in the body and the river mouth of Sedati River was determined by Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). Water quality of the Sedati River was evaluated, namely pH, DO, salinity, temperature, and water current. A total of 39 compounds were detected in the Sedati River. Most of them were used in industrial chemicals, pharmaceutical chemicals, cleaning products, personal care products, plasticizers, and pesticides. 17 compounds were highly used as industrial chemicals, whereas seven compounds were lowly used as pesticides. The phenol (2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol; 3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol) was a dominant compound in the Sedati River. The water quality was in agreement with the water quality standards. This study provides information about the impacts of VOC in the water and the importance of water quality treatments for healthy ecosystems and humans.
Pendugaan Kerentanan Airtanah Dangkal Terhadap Intrusi Airlaut Menggunakan Metode GALDIT di Kecamatan Sukolilo Kota Surabaya
Authors: Masitoh Ferryati , Saifanto Basofi Andri
Published: June 2024

Airtanah dangkal memiliki kerentanan yang tinggi terhadap intrusi air laut. Kecamatan Sukolilo Kota Surabaya berada di pesisir Selat Madura, sehingga menjadikan pentingnya pendugaan kerentaan airtanah terhadap intrusi air laut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode GALDIT dengan variabel: Keterdapatan airtanah (G), Konduktivitas hidrolik akuifer (A), Tinggi muka airtanah terhadap air laut (L), Jarak tegak lurus muka air tanah dari garis pantai (D), Intrusi air laut (I) dan Ketebalan Akuifer (T). Pada variabel G, daerah penelitian didominasi akuifer dangkal. Variabel A menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar daerah penelitian memiliki konduktivitas hidrolik sebesar 22 m/hari yang cukup rentan terhadap intrusi air laut. Variabel L menunjukkan bahwa elevasi muka airtanah cukup kecil sebesar 1,5 m. Variabel D menunjukkan kerentanan airtanah cukup tinggi di sepanjang garis pantai. Variabel I merupakan variabel yang berkaitan dengan kualitas airtanah. Daerah yang dekat dengan pantai memiliki Daya Hantar Listrik dan Cl- yang lebih tinggi. Variabel T merupakan ketebalan akufer dangkal kurang dari 10 m. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan metode GALDIT menunjukkan bahwa 30,30% daerah penelitian berkategori Kerentanan Airtanah yang tinggi terhadap Intrusi Air laut. Kerentanan Airtanah tinggi tersebar di sepanjang garis pantai, atau sebagian besar kelurahan Keputih.  Shallow groundwater is highly vulnerable to seawater intrusion. Sukolilo District, Surabaya City, is on the coast of the Madura Strait, making it important to estimate groundwater vulnerability to seawater intrusion. The method used in this research is the GALDIT method with variables: Groundwater availability (G), Hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer (A), Groundwater level relative to seawater (L), Perpendicular distance of the groundwater level from the coastline (D), Water intrusion sea (I) and Aquifer Thickness (T). In variable of G, the research area is dominated by shallow aquifers. The variable of A shows that most of the study area has a hydraulic conductivity of 22 m/day, which is quite vulnerable to seawater intrusion. The variable of L shows that the groundwater level is relatively small at 1.5 m. The variable of D shows that groundwater vulnerability is relatively high along the coastline. Variable I is a variable related to groundwater quality. Areas close to the coast have higher electrical conductivity and Cl-. The variable of T is the thickness of a shallow aquifer of less than 10 m. The research results based on the GALDIT method show that 30.30% of the research areas are in the category of high groundwater vulnerability to seawater intrusion, while the others are in the medium to low category. There is high groundwater vulnerability along the coastline and most of the Keputih sub-district.
Analisis Pengelolaan Kawasan Konservasi Penyu Berbasis Co–Management Di Pesisir Pangandaran, Jawa Barat
Authors: Nurfitriani Anggia , MS Yuniarti , Sunarto Sunarto , Ihsan Yudi Nurul
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengelolaan kawasan konservasi penyu berbasis co – management. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengelolaan kawasan konservasi penyu berbasis co–management di pesisir Pangandaran agar pengelolaannya dapat ideal. Riset ini menggunakan metode riset campuran atau mixed methods, dengan jenis riset exploratory sequential. Pada pengambilan data dengan pendekatan kualitatif, riset ini menggunakan teknik pengambilan responden dengan teknik purposive sampling, sedangkan pada pengambilan data dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, riset ini menggunakan skala likert dan teknik dokumentasi. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam pendekatan kualitatif riset ini adalah analisis data kualitatif dengan model Miles dan Huberman, sedangkan metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam pendekatan kuantitatif riset ini adalah analisis data deskriptif komparatif. Penelitian menemukan ketidakidealan pada kondisi kunci pengelolaan co–management dan kondisi produktivitas penyu, kemudian penelitian juga menemukan bahwa jenis pengelolaan yang dilaksanakan merupakan pengelolaan consultative co – management.Hasil temuan pada penelitian ini memberikan informasi yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan dalam penentuan pengelolaan selanjutnya.  This research was conducted to analyze the management of turtle conservation areas based on co-management. The research aims to evaluate co-management-based management of turtle conservation areas on the Pangandaran coast so that management can be ideal. This research uses mixed research methods, with a sequential exploratory research type. In collecting data using a qualitative approach, this research uses a purposive sampling technique for collecting respondents, while in collecting data using a quantitative approach, this research uses a Likert scale and documentation techniques. The data analysis method used in the qualitative approach to this research is qualitative data analysis using the Miles and Huberman model, while the data analysis method used in the quantitative approach to this research is comparative descriptive data analysis. The research found non-idealities in key co-management conditions and turtle productivity conditions, then the research also found that the type of management implemented was consultative co-management. The findings in this research provide information that can be used as material in determining further management.
Sebaran Bahan Organik dan Total Padatan Suspensi di Muara Sungai Loji, Kota Pekalongan
Authors: Hanjaya Rayen , Wulandari Sri Yulina , Yusuf Muh , Zainuri Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Kota Pekalongan merupakan salah satu kota yang identik dengan wilayah pesisirnya karena terletak di bagian utara Pulau Jawa. Penduduk dan aktivitas yang padat membuat saluran irigasi dan sungai menjadi tempat pembuangan limbah, seperti limbah domestik, industri, dan limbah berbahaya (B3). Salah satu tempat yang terdampak adalah Sungai Loji, Kota Pekalongan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran konsentrasi bahan organik dan padatan tersuspensi total (TSS) serta mengkaji keterkaitan bahan organik dengan TSS pada saat pasang menuju surut. Pengambilan sampel dilapangan dilaksanakan pada 19 Juni 2022 di 11 satsiun. Sampel TSS  dianalisis menggunakan metode gravimetri dan bahan organik melalui metode titrasi. Pola sebaran TSS dan bahan organik divisualisasikan menggunakan software ArGIS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi bahan organik bervariasi, mulai dari 5,40 – 9,60 mg/L dan konsentrasi TSS berkisar antara 57,73 – 70,26 mg/L. Sebaran konsentrasi bahan organik dan TSS tersebut dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas antropogenik, pasang surut, arus, dan musim muson timur. Analisis koefisien korelasi (r) terkait bahan organik dengan TSS pada saat menuju surut menunjukkan nilai sebesar r = -0.223. TSS tidak secara signifikan berkontribusi terhadap keberadaan bahan organik.  Pekalongan city is known for its coastal area as it is located in the northern part of Java Island. The dense population and various activities have led to the disposal of waste, including domestic and hazardous waste, into irrigation channels and rivers. One of the affected areas is the Loji River in Pekalongan. This study aims to identify the distribution of organic matter and total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations and assess their relationship at low tide. Field sampling was carried out on 19 June 2022 at 11 stations. TSS samples were analysed using the gravimetric method and organic matter by titration method. TSS and organic matter values were visualised using ArGIS software. The results showed that the concentration of organic matter varied, ranging from 5.40 - 9.60 mg/L and the TSS concentration ranged from 57.73 - 70.26 mg/L. The distribution of organic matter and TSS concentrations was influenced by anthropogenic activities, tides, currents, and the east monsoon season. Analysis of the correlation coefficient (r) of organic matter to TSS at low tide showed a negative relationship with a value of 0.223. This illustrates that TSS does not significantly contribute to the presence of organic matter. TSS in this study is dominated by inorganic material carried by river flow from the inland areas.
Analisa Mikroalga di Perairan Pelabuhan Provinsi Aceh untuk Deteksi Awal Adanya Invasif Spesies
Authors: Syahrial Syahrial , Hatta Muhammad , Ruzanna Arina , Jamil Fajrul , Munira Nanda , Laksono Arief Budi , Al Azmy Muhammad Ridho Al , Fauzi Sabri , Sartika Ayu , Handayani Meutia , Nasution Riski Dahrian
Published: June 2024

Informasi ilmiah berkaitan dengan spesies invasif di Indonesia masih sangat minim terutama mengenai mikroalga. Kajian ini dilakukan pada bulan September – November 2023 di tiga pelabuhan Provinsi Aceh dengan tujuan untuk menganalisa faktor kualitas air, mengidentifikasi jenis mikroalga dan menduga ada tidaknya mikroalga invasif. Data mikroalga dikumpulkan dengan menyaring sampel air permukaan. Parameter suhu, pH, salinitas, kecepatan arus, kecerahan dan oksigen terlarut diukur secara in situ, sedangkan fosfat, nitrat dan ammonia diukur secara ex situ; serta karakteristik kualitas perairannya dianalisis dengan PCA. Sementara untuk menduga ada atau tidak adanya mikroalga invasif dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil penelitian mikroalga para ahli lain di sekitar lokasi penelitian. Nilai fosfat, nitrat dan ammonia sudah melebihi baku mutu (1.07 ± 1.00 mg/L, 1.63 ± 0.95 mg/L, 0.47 ± 0.74 mg/L) yang mengindikasikan adanya peningkatan produksi mikroalga, kemudian komposisi mikroalganya ditemukan sebanyak 407 ind/ml, 21 spesies dan 5 kelas. Selanjutnya karakteristik kualitas perairannya menunjukkan adanya tiga pengelompokkan hasil dari analisis PCA dengan hasil identifikasi tidak menemukan spesies mikroalga invasif.  Scientific information relating to invasive species in Indonesia is still very minimal, especially regarding microalgae. This study was carried out in September – November 2023 at three ports in Aceh Province with the aim of analyzing water quality factors, identifying types of microalgae, and suspecting the presence or absence of invasive microalgae. Microalgae data was collected by filtering surface water samples. The parameters temperature, pH, salinity, current speed, transparency, and dissolved oxygen were measured in situ, while phosphate, nitrate, and ammonia were measured ex situ, and the water quality characteristics were analyzed using PCA. Meanwhile, to suspect the presence or absence of invasive microalgae, this is done by comparing the results of microalgae research from other experts around the research location. The values of phosphate, nitrate, and ammonia have exceeded the quality standards (1.07 ± 1.00 mg/L, 1.63 ± 0.95 mg/L, and 0.47 ± 0.74 mg/L), which indicates an increase in microalgae production. The microalgae composition was found to be 407 ind/ml, 21 species, and 5 classes. Furthermore, the water quality characteristics show that there are three groupings resulting from PCA analysis, with the identification results not finding invasive microalgae species.
Typologia rolnictwa: przegląd zagadnień teoretycznych i ujęć empirycznych
Authors: Kossowski Tomasz M.
Published: June 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie problematyki typologii rolnictwa w ujęciu przeglądowo-systematyzującym. Praca zawiera charakterystykę podejść teoretycznych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem koncepcji J. Kostrowickiego. Artykuł określa cele, dla jakich przeprowadza się typologię rolnictwa oraz definiuje jej podstawowe pojęcia, wprowadza ponadto rozróżnienie pomiędzy podejściami przestrzennym i aprzestrzennym. Wykorzystując metodę analizy porównawczej, dokonano podziału 34 wybranych badań empirycznych zrealizowanych przez autorów polskich i zagranicznych, zarówno dla rolnictwa Polski, jak i innych krajów, w tym pozaeuropejskich, na dwie grupy. Pierwszy zbiór (25 opracowań) stanowiły te, które opierały się na koncepcji J. Kostrowickiego, a pozostałe (9 artykułów) do niej luźno nawiązywały lub z niej nie korzystały. Chronologiczny przegląd badań wykazał, że operacjonalizacja podejścia J. Kostrowickiego charakteryzowała się ewolucją w zakresie liczby wykorzystywanych cech diagnostycznych i metod delimitacji typów rolnictwa. Z kolei w drugiej grupie analizowanych prac zwrócono szczególną uwagę na występujące prawidłowości zastosowanych metod typologii rolnictwa. W podsumowaniu zidentyfikowano najważniejsze problemy, które pojawiają się podczas stosowania metod typologii rolnictwa. Podkreślono większe niż kiedyś możliwości badania typologii w związku z rozwojem metod obliczeniowych i wzrostem dostępności danych. W ogólnej ocenie metod typologii wskazano na większą użyteczność współczesnych podejść, wynikającą z przeprowadzonej wcześniej analizy. Zaakcentowano również fakt przydatności badań typologicznych z poznawczego i aplikacyjnego punktu widzenia.
Depopulacja obszarów wiejskich w skali lokalnej. Przypadek województwa lubelskiego
Authors: Wójcik Marcin , Wesołowska Monika
Published: June 2024

W artykule skoncentrowano się na zagadnieniu struktury i organizacji wiejskiej sieci osadniczej. Opracowano oryginalne postępowanie badawcze w zakresie analizy lokalnej osadnictwa, tj. skupiono się na zmianach zachodzących w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego najniższego szczebla. Kwestię depopulacji podjęto w skali wewnątrzgminnej. Sformułowano następujące pytania badawcze: czy depopulacja dotyczy wszystkich jednostek osadniczych w gminach wiejskich? jakie typy gmin pod względem różnic demograficznych pomiędzy miejscowościami możemy wyróżnić? jakie są przyczyny występujących różnic pomiędzy jednostkami osadniczymi? Rozważania odnoszą się do istotnej dla planowania przestrzennego koncepcji osiedli kluczowych (key settlements). Sformułowano zatem hipotezę, w której założono, że liczba gmin, w których pomimo ogólnej depopulacji mamy do czynienia ze wzrostem niektórych osiedli, jest odpowiednio duża do określenia podstawowych prawidłowości przekształceń osadniczych. Temat poruszony w artykule jest ważny dla bieżącej i przyszłej organizacji lokalnych struktur osadniczych. Stwierdzono, że w większości gmin województwa lubelskiego wszystkie osiedla wiejskie traciły mieszkańców w pierwszych dwóch dekadach XXI w. Zauważono, że wzrost demograficzny w niektórych miejscowościach na obszarach gmin generalnie wyludniających się ma miejsce w strefach podmiejskich mniejszych ośrodków, choć trudno, ze względu na niepowszechny charakter zjawiska, stwierdzić w tym zakresie prawidłowości. Naszym zdaniem warto również zwrócić uwagę na wsie, które oficjalnie nie mają statusu miejskiego, choć wykazują wiele takich cech. Część z nich w ostatnich latach otrzymała prawa miejskie. Rozwój tych osiedli na terenach wiejskich w kontekście koncepcji kluczowych osiedli powinien być wnikliwie zbadany w kolejnych studiach z tego zakresu.
The Lyric Poetry of the Authoritarian Personality: Reading “America First!”
Authors: Boucher Geoff
Published: June 2024

Right-wing authoritarians in America today know that they need poetry for cultural legitimation but cannot seem to produce anything contemporary that would perform that function in intellectual life. Into this breach step Milo Yiannopoulos and Michele Malkin, with their “America First!” reading list, which includes, among other things, a fair bit of poetry. This article reads the poetry selection of the list in the context of its other recommendations, before turning to the sentimental nativist and neomedievalist Romanticism that emerges from this logic. A glance at the poetry of neo-Nazi hate website Stormfront indicates that the demotic and insular tenor demanded by the authoritarian personality today is difficult to reconcile with any plausible concept of intellectual life. The poetic efforts of less explicitly fascist poetry magazines, such as Atop the Cliffs and Rifts in Stone, confirm this by struggling to break free from the anti-intellectual Romanticism demanded by the cultural logic of right-wing authoritarianism today. Rather than recalling the line from Schlageter about culture, though, the essay concludes by remembering that authoritarianism’s relationship to high-powered assault weapons is anything but metaphorical, and that neo-Nazi verse is the lyric poetry of mass murder.
Decomposing Structural Change
Authors: Alonso-Carrera Jaime , Freire-Serén María Jesús , Raurich Xavier
Published: June 2024

We identify the mechanisms governing the propagation of technological shocks to the sectoral allocation of labor in a non-parameterized growth model. These propagation mechanisms are: (i) the change in aggregate income; whose effect on sectoral composition depends on the income elasticities of consumption demand; (ii) the change in the relative prices of consumption goods, which alters the sectoral composition depending on the Allen-Uzawa elasticities of substitution between goods; (iii) the change in the rental rates, whose effect on sectoral composition is determined by the sectoral elasticities of substitution between capital and labor; and, (iv) the direct effect of the sector and factor bias of the technological change. From this analysis, we derive an accounting method to measure the contribution of these propagation mechanisms to structural change in parameterized growth models. By using some well-known parameterizations, we account for the contribution of each mechanism to the U.S. structural change in the period 1948–2010.
A comparative study of the antifungal efficacy and phytochemical composition of date palm leaflet extracts
Authors: Hamzah Karrar A. , Al-Askar Abdulaziz , Kowalczewski Przemysław , Abdelkhalek Ahmed , Emaish Haitham H. , Behiry Said
Published: June 2024

This study rigorously evaluated the inhibitory effects of chloroform (PDCL) and methanol (PDML) extracts from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) leaflets, in comparison to fosetyl-aluminum, against molecularly identified fungal strains Fusarium oxysporum (OR116511), Botrytis cinerea (OR116493), and Rhizoctonia solani (OR116530) isolated from date palm tree roots and fruits. We found that coumaric acid (1663.91 µg g−1) is one of the top four high-performance liquid chromatography-major phenols in the PDML extract, while the PDCL extract includes rosmarinic acid (291.08 µg g−1). The major flavonoids in the PDML extract are naringenin and kaempferol, whereas PDCL extract includes naringenin and quercetin. In the PDML extract, methyl 9-cis-11-trans-octadecadienoate (9.96%) is one of the top five gas chromatography–mass spectrometry major compounds; likewise, cis-13-octadecenoic acid (26.16%) is in the PDCL extract. The highest growth inhibition percentages of PDCL and PDML extracts were initiated against F. oxysporum (60.53 and 50.00%) at 150 µg mL−1, respectively, whereas inhibition against B. cinerea was realized at the highest concentration with 50.82%. Fosetyl-Al potently inhibited the growth of fungal isolates to varying degrees. Therefore, we could successfully employ PDCL extract to control the growth of F. oxysporum and B. cinerea and also use both extracts against R. solani.
Geistreiche Indirektheit in höfischer Kommunikation: Hartmann von Aue und Engelbert von Admont
Authors: Reuvekamp Silvia
Published: June 2024

To criticize someone in a way that does not publicly expose the addressee is still one of the elementary rules of politeness. This article traces the history of a particularly sophisticated form of polite criticism that refers to the facts worthy of criticism only indirectly, in a generalizing gesture, and often metaphorically. Primarily an element of learned conversation, this kind of communication occurs also in courtly contexts in the High and Late Middle Ages – e. g. in the courtly novel (Hartmann von Aue’s Iwein et al.) and in Engelbert of Admont’s instructions for cultivated behavior in the manner of a lord. Contrary to assumptions in current research literature, however, in neither case does this mode of communication reflect a new linguistic ideal to be learned by the readers for appropriate courtly behavior. Instead, it remains closely tied to the authors’ learned habitus.