bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling of the Oil Spill in M/V LADY TUNA Accident and the Evaluation of the Response Operation in Simulated Condition with PISCES II.
Authors: Aydın Deniz , Solmaz Murat Selçuk
Published: July 2019

Oil
pollution from ships is an important source of marine pollution and becomes an
important problem all over the world. For this reason, every effort should be
made to prevent oil spills and to remove them effectively as soon as pollution
has emerged. In this respect, various computer simulations are used to get well
informed about the fate of spilled oil on the seawater. In this study, the
grounding accident of ship M/V Lady Tuna causing 75 tons of fuel spills into
the sea on December 18, 2016, close to the coast of Çesme in Turkey, was
investigated.  The aim of the study is to
investigate the oil spill accident and evaluate the response operation of M/V
Lady Tuna. To achieve this aim, firstly the reports related to the accident were
examined and the response operation was evaluated by modelling of the M/V Lady
Tuna accident with PISCES II (Potential Incident Simulation, Control and
Evaluation System) simulator. Within this scope, two scenarios were prepared by
using PISCES II. The first scenario was
created without any response resources to observe the movement direction of the
oil slick after the accident. The second scenario was reconstructed with the
possible response resources after the oil spill. Through simulation, it was
possible to obtain the oil spill/pollution statistics; such as the recovered
oil rate, the amount of stranded oil to the coast, the amount of floating oil
rate, and other oil spill parameters. As a
result, it was evaluated that the oil pollution in the M/V Lady Tuna accident
could be responded more effectively and the pollution could be much less. It is
assessed that the study will contribute to organizations involved in oil spill
response operations.
ASAS CONTRARIUS ACTUS SEBAGAI KONTROL PEMERINTAH TERHADAP KEBEBASAN BERSERIKAT DAN BERKUMPUL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sukadi Imam
Published: July 2019

Beberapa problematika penerapan Asas contrarius actus sebagai kontrol pemerintah terhadap kebebasan berserikat dan berkumpul di Negara Indonesia ialah mengenai parameter keadaan bahaya dalam menerbitkan perpu oleh pemerintah, pembatasan terhadap kebebasan berserikat dan berkumpul. dan mengeliminasi peran pengadilan terhadap proses pembubaran Ormas. Pendirian Ormas dilihat dari sudut pandang konstitusi, ia adalah sebagai penjabaran dari kebebasan berserikat dan berkumpul. Hak konstitusional tidaklah bersumber dari negara sebagai pemberi mandat melainkan berasal dari rakyat sebagai pemegang kedaulatan tertinggi.
The Challenges of Pastoralism in Ethiopia vis The Marginalization Thesis: The Quest for The Right Policy.
Authors: Kemal Miftah Mohammed
Published: July 2019

The article analyzes governments policy trends of pastoralism in Ethiopia.
Holographic focusing and surface integral
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: July 2019

Holographic integral the surface
teori pengambilan keputusan
Authors: mutiararahmadila  , Afriansyah Hade , Rusdinal
Published: July 2019

— decisions are the result of resolving the problems they face firmly. Questions about questions about questions what to do and planning about nothing. Can also answer that decision is the result of a thought process that represents elections that can be used to solve the problem at hant.The decison itself is a vital element of activity. The soul of one’s leadeship can be seen from the ability to overcome problems and make the right decisions. The right decision is a decision that is weighty and acceptable to subordinates. This is udually a balance between the discpline that must be upheld and the human attitude towards subordinates. This decision is also called a decision based on human relations.
Strategi Peningkatan Mutu di Era Otonomi Pendidikan
Authors: Afiola Nadya , Rusdinal  , Afriansyah Hade
Published: July 2019

Abstrak—The purpose of this article is to provide readers with insights or views to understand how to find the best solution in developing the quality of education in the era of educational autonomy through the application of management principles : (1) The education sector can be implemented, (2) the development of the quality of education through input, process and output based on regional autonomy, (3) the benefits and impacts of the results of the development of basic education towards regional autonomy.
Pengenalan Software R
Authors: Budiaji Weksi
Published: July 2019

Materi pengenalan software R yang dipaparkan pada Pelatihan Software R. Pelatihan ini diselenggarakan oleh PPI Austria 2019 di Vienna.
PERAN AUDIT INTERNAL DALAM MENUNJANG EFEKTIFITAS PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL PERSEDIAAN BARANG DAGANG (Studi Kasus pada PT Astra International, Tbk-Isuzu Sales Operation Bogor)
Authors: Kholilah Nur , Nurjanah Yayuk
Published: July 2019

Inventory is one of the important assets of the company. Because inventory is an asset then it should be a good internal control for maintaining the inventory of the things that might happen. To address internal control merchandise inventoryat the company, which needs experts competent and able to implement it. In this case the internal audit is part of the company to fulfill these activities.The purpose of the research is to analyze the role of internal audit on internal controls carried out in order to get a clear picture of how big the role of internal audit to support the effectiveness of internal control merchandise inventory.The final of the research is that the role of internal audit in an effectiveness internal control merchandise inventory in PT. Astra International, Tbk-Isuzu Sales Operation Bogor, where the separation between the functions related to the receipt and expenditure. Supervision of merchandise inventory was also conducted periodically by the warehouse through inventory taking. For the internal control of merchandise inventory there is less difference than between the card and the physical inventory when the stock opnmaeKeyword: internal audit, internal control , merchandise inventory
Standar Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan
Authors: nasdi Rezi yuhanda , Afriansyah Hade
Published: July 2019

Educators are individuals who are able to carry out educational actions in one educational situation to achieve educational goals. The teaching staff is such as teachers, lecturers, counselors, tutors, widyaiswara, tutors, instructors and facilitators. Every educator has their respective positions, having a role in accordance with their position and function. Each other complements, no one occupies a dominant position in contributing to efforts to achieve educational goals. The role or task of the teacher is as an educator, teacher, mentor, director, coach, appraiser and evaluator of the students. The role is carried out in order to achieve educational goals. As educators, they must have a strategy or way for their students to succeed in education.
ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR DAN DAYA TAMPUNG BEBAN PENCEMAR
Authors: Suryani Herlina Asi
Published: July 2019

Sungai Citarum merupakan sungai terpanjang dan terbesar di propinsi Jawa Barat. Sungai Citarum mengalir dari hulu di Gunung wayang selatan kota Bandung dan mengalir ke utara yang bermuara di laut jawa. Dengan panjang sekitar 269 km mengaliri areal irigasi untuk pertanian seluas 420.000 hektar. Sungai Citarum merupakan sumber dari denyut nadi perekonomian Indonesia sebesar 20% GDP (Gross Domestic Product) dengan berbagai industri yang berada di sepanjang sungai Citarum. Tujuan penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas air dan daya tampung beban pencemar di Sungai Citarum. Berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Gubernur Propinsi Jawa Barat No.39 Tahun 2001, Peruntukan Sungai Citarum dan anak-anak sungainya digolongkan dalam Golongan B, yaitu peruntukan sebagai sumber air baku minum. Golongan C, yaitu peruntukan sebagai sumber air yang dapat digunakan untuk keperluan perikanan dan peternakan. Golongan D, yaitu peruntukan sebagai sumber air untuk pertanian, usaha perkotaan, industri dan pembangkit listrik tenaga air.
Mindplexes, Non-Ordinary Consciousness, and Artificial General Intelligence
Authors: Montes Gabriel Axel , Goertzel Ben
Published: July 2019

The accelerating pace of development in artificial intelligence invokes fundamental questions regarding what constitutes a mind. Considering that AI has sprung from the cognitive enterprise of humanity and that there is the likely prospect of constructing some form of 'global brain', examining such questions may help to refine the conversation around AI and understand what might constitute a global brain. We draw on recent work in philosophy of mind and cognition—viewing mind as being representational and/or enactive in nature and function—, and hone in on insights that practices and accounts of non-ordinary consciousness (NOC) lend to this discussion. We discuss the concept of a "mindplex", which is comprised of individual constituents (humans and/or AI's) and an encompassing collective global brain that both concurrently possess cohesive 'theatres of consciousness'. We posit that these theatres of an AGI global brain have correspondences with key aspects of the inherent nature of consciousness and reality (as understood outside the AI context) as gleaned through NOC. We propose that these considerations are poised to strongly contribute to the construction of mindplexes by reflecting in their functional architecture the nature of mind and engineering mindplexes in tandem with ethical and value-alignment considerations. Furthermore, we propose the adoption and implementation of AI on distributed ledger technology (DLT), such as blockchain, which would provide support for the evolution of a global brain mindplex.
Controlling the Narrative: Euphemistic Language Affects Judgments of Actions while Avoiding Perceptions of Dishonesty
Authors: Walker Alexander C. , Turpin Martin Harry , Meyers Ethan Andrew , Stolz Jennifer A. , Fugelsang Jonathan Albert , Koehler Derek J.
Published: July 2019

The present work (N = 1,906 U.S. residents) investigates the extent to which peoples’evaluations of actions can be biased by the strategic use of euphemistic (agreeable) and dysphemistic (disagreeable) terms. We find that participants’ evaluations of actions are made more favorable by replacing a disagreeable term (e.g., torture) with a semantically related agreeable term (e.g., enhanced interrogation) in an act’s description. Notably, the influence of agreeable and disagreeable terms was reduced (but not eliminated) when making actions less ambiguous by providing participants with a detailed description of each action. Despite their influence, participants judged both agreeable and disagreeable action descriptions as largely truthful and distinct from lies, and judged agents using such descriptions as more trustworthy and moral than liars. Overall, the results of the current study suggest that a strategic speaker can, through the careful use of language, sway the opinions of others in a preferred direction while avoiding many of the reputational costs associated with less subtle forms of linguistic manipulation (e.g., lying). Like the much-studied phenomenon of “fake news,” manipulative language can serve as a tool for misleading the public, doing so not with falsehoods but rather the strategic use of language.
Twenty-First Birthday Drinking: Extreme Drinking Episodes and White Matter Microstructural Changes in the Fornix and Corpus Callosum
Authors: Boness Cassandra L. , Korucuoglu Ozlem , Ellingson Jarrod M , Merrill Anne M. , McDowell Yoanna E. , Trela Constantine J. , Sher Kenneth J. , Piasecki Thomas M. , Kerns John G.
Published: July 2019

Twenty-first birthday drinking is characterized by extreme alcohol consumption. Accumulating evidence suggests that high-dose bingeing is related to structural brain changes and cognitive deficits. This is particularly problematic in the transition from adolescence to adulthood when the brain is still maturing, elevating the brain’s sensitivity to the acute effects of alcohol intoxication. Heavy drinking is associated with reduced structural integrity in the hippocampus and corpus callosum and is accompanied by cognitive deficits. However, there is little research examining changes in the human brain related to discrete heavy drinking episodes. The present study investigated whether alcohol exposure during a 21st birthday celebration would result in changes to white matter microstructure by utilizing Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) measures and a quasi-experimental design. By examining structural changes in the brain from pre- to post-celebration within subjects (N = 49) prospectively, we were able to more directly observe brain changes following an extreme drinking episode. Region of interest analyses demonstrated increased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the posterior fornix (p < 0.0001) and in the body of the corpus callosum (p = 0.0029) from pre- to post-birthday celebration. These results suggest acute white matter damage to the fornix and corpus callosum following an extreme drinking episode, which is especially problematic during continued neurodevelopment. Twenty-first birthday drinking may, therefore, be considered an important target event for preventing acute brain injury in young adults.
Biased Benevolence: The Perceived Morality of Effective Altruism Across Social Distance
Authors: Law Kyle Fiore , Campbell Dylan , Gaesser Brendan
Published: July 2019

Is altruism always morally good, or is the morality of altruism fundamentally shaped by the social opportunity costs that often accompany helping decisions? Across five studies, we reveal that, although helping both socially closer and socially distant others is generally perceived favorably (Study 1), in cases of realistic tradeoffs in social distance for gains in welfare where helping socially distant others necessitates not helping socially closer others with the same resources, helping is deemed as less morally acceptable (Studies 2-5). Making helping decisions at a cost to socially closer others also negatively affects judgments of relationship quality (Study 3) and in turn, decreases cooperative behavior with the helper (Study 4). Ruling out an alternative explanation of physical distance accounting for the effects in Studies 1-4, social distance continued to impact moral acceptability when physical distance across social targets was matched (Study 5). These findings reveal that attempts to decrease biases in helping may have previously unconsidered consequences for moral judgments, relationships, and cooperation.
Changes in the addiction prevalence in Polish population between 1990-2019: Review of available data
Authors: Nowakowska Iwona , Lewczuk Karol , Gola Mateusz
Published: July 2019

The 1989 collapse of the socialist political system in Poland initiated an avalanche of modifications regarding healthcare policy resulting with new institutions and programs dedicated to monitoring and preventing addiction. In the current article, we look at the available data allowing to track changes in (1) the prevalence of exposure to addictive substances and behaviors, and (2) changes of addictions prevalence in Poland between 1990 and 2019. Analysis of all available studies on representative samples of Polish population conducted between 1990 and 2019 by sociological and epidemiological research companies and governmental organizations dedicated to the monitoring and treatment of addiction. Our analysis shows decrease of exposed and addicted to tobacco respectively by 13% and 15%. Conversely, we noted an opposite, increasing tendency both in alcohol consumed per capita (a rise by 2.37 litres of pure alcohol per year) and a minor rise in the prevalence of alcohol use disorder within the general population (an increase by 0.2%). The available data connected to other addictions (drugs and behavioral addictions) are more sparse; and therefore has to be interpreted with caution. The present analysis confirms the relative success of nationwide smoking-prevention initiatives introduced in Poland in the post-socialist period, as well as the lower efficiency of corresponding initiatives aimed at alcohol addiction. We identified flaws in the available data, which must be supplemented to carry out an efficient anti-addiction policy. Based on this analysis, future research directions have been formulated and critical research areas identified. The present work is also an opportunity to advocate for creating a more comprehensive and reliable addiction monitoring programs in Poland.
‘No-one knows where you are’: Veterinary perceptions regarding safety and risk when alone and on-call
Authors: Irwin Amy , Vikman Janika , Ellis Hannah
Published: July 2019

Background: Veterinary work is considered high risk and involves working with a range of hazards including large animals, high workload and long hours. A key potential hazard is making home visits and providing out of hours emergency care where vets often work alone, without support, and must travel long distances. The current study aimed to examine UK veterinary perceptions of safety climate, lone working and on-call tasks to gain a deeper understanding of the risk and hazards involved. Method: An online mixed-methods survey was used to gather quantitative data relevant to practice safety climate, and qualitative data regarding veterinary perception of lone working and on-call work. A sample of 76 UK veterinarians were recruited.Results: The quantitative results suggest that there may be practice safety climate issues around a lack of communication and discussion pertaining to safety, particularly in terms of maintaining personal safety. Key themes within the qualitative data included feeling pressure to treat patients, dealing with difficult clients, travel concerns and feeling unsafe when meeting clients alone and in remote locations. Conclusion: These findings indicate that personal safety requires more attention and discussion within veterinary practices, and that safety protocols and requirements should be shared with clients.
The Causal Effect of Testosterone on Men’s Competitive Behavior is Moderated by Basal Cortisol and Cues to an Opponent’s Status: Evidence for a Context-Dependent Dual Hormone Hypothesis
Authors: Knight Erik L , Morales Pablo , Christian Colton , Prasad Smrithi , Harbaugh William , Mehta Pranjal , Mayr Ulrich
Published: July 2019

Testosterone has been theorized to direct status-seeking behaviors, including competitive behavior. However, most human studies to date have adopted correlational designs, and findings across studies are inconsistent. This experiment (n = 115) pharmacologically manipulated men’s testosterone levels prior to a mixed-gender math competition and examined basal cortisol (a hormone implicated in stress and social avoidance) and context cues related to an opponent’s perceived status (an opponent’s gender or a win/loss in a prior competition) as factors that may moderate testosterone’s impact on competitive behavior. We test and find support for the hypothesis that testosterone given to low-cortisol men evokes status-seeking behavior, whereas testosterone given to high-cortisol men evokes status-loss avoidance. In the initial rounds of competition, testosterone’s influence on competitive decisions depended on basal cortisol and opponent gender. After providing opponent-specific win-lose feedback, testosterone’s influence on decisions to re-enter competitions depended on basal cortisol and this objective cue to status, not gender. Compared to placebo, men given exogenous testosterone who were low in basal cortisol showed an increased tendency to compete against male and high-status opponents relative to female and low-status opponents (status-seeking). Men given exogenous testosterone who were high in basal cortisol showed the opposite pattern - an increased tendency to compete against female and low-status opponents relative to male and high-status opponents (status-loss avoidance). These results provide support for a context-dependent dual hormone hypothesis: Testosterone flexibly directs men’s competitive behavior contingent on basal cortisol levels and cues that signal an opponent’s status.
A Weakly Supervised and Deep Learning Method for an Additive Topic Analysis of Large Corpora
Authors: Fogel-Dror Yair , Shenhav Shaul R. , Sheafer Tamir
Published: July 2019

The collaborative effort of theory-driven content analysis can benefit significantly from the use of topic analysis methods, which allow researchers to add more categories while developing or testing a theory. This additive approach enables the reuse of previous efforts of analysis or even the merging of separate research projects, thereby making these methods more accessible and increasing the discipline’s ability to create and share content analysis capabilities. This paper proposes a weakly supervised topic analysis method that uses both a low-cost unsupervised method to compile a training set and supervised deep learning as an additive and accurate text classification method. We test the validity of the method, specifically its additivity, by comparing the results of the method after adding 200 categories to an initial number of 450. We show that the suggested method provides a foundation for a low-cost solution for large-scale topic analysis.
Theorizing Social Media with Elias: Status Displays, Mutual Monitoring, and the Genesis of New Sensibilities
Authors: Boy John D. , Uitermark Justus
Published: July 2019

Making sense of interaction in digital spaces is one of the key challenges for contemporary sociology. Our paper makes a contribution to the sociological theorization of social media. It suggests that the dominant framing of social media in terms derived from communications scholarship, particularly the concept of the public sphere, proves unhelpful when trying to make sense of what people overwhelmingly use social media for in their everyday lives. The networked public sphere prism suggests that unbridled opinion exchange and political debate are what characterize social media and thus define our age. This has been part of the utopian investment in networked forms of communications, and has proven an important aspect in the context of recent protest mobilizations and movements for accountability in which social media played a highly publicized role. However, outside of such normative ideals and exceptional contexts, social media are rarely vehicles for opinion exchange or disruptive movements. Rather, from the perspective of everyday life, social media are more often aligned with order than with disruption, and with the display of status rather than reasoned debate. We propose drawing on the work of Norbert Elias to develop an alternate theorization of social media. Elias' early work on the court society, his analysis of the civilizing process, as well as the larger "figurational" approach to the study of human society he founded, are helpful not just in making sense of the status-seeking behavior of social media users, but also the new needs, desires, sensibilities and practices that emerge at the interface of social media and the spaces of everyday life. From Elias' work, we derive structural pressures as well as new sensibilities that emerge in social spaces ordered by an overarching system of rank. While the court-like sociality of social media tends to reinforce rather than challenge social order, this does not rule out that social media can become aligned with movements for social change. In these cases, however, activists have to actively work against pressures toward conformity, so their successes should be seen as exceptions, not as paradigmatic.
Evaluasi Kenyamanan Termal dan Kualitas Estetika pada Beberapa Taman Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Azwinur
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini berfokus pada tiga taman kota di Kota Banda Aceh, yakni Taman Putroe Phang, Lapangan Blang Padang, dan Hutan Kota BNI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik kondisi taman kota eksisting, menganalisis tingkat kenyamanan termal dan kualitas estetika, serta menyusun rekomendasi terhadap perbaikan taman kota pada waktu yang akan datang. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif melalui perhitungan Thermal Humidity Index (THI), Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE), serta kuesioner terhadap persepsi dan preferensi pengunjung. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan THI, tingkat kenyamanan termal pada lokasi penelitian termasuk dalam kategori cukup nyaman. Bagian taman yang menghasilkan tingkat kenyamanan termal paling baik adalah area taman yang mempunyai vegetasi dominan berupa pohon. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi kualitas estetika, terdapat faktor yang memengaruhi kualitas estetika pada ketiga lokasi penelitian, yaitu kerapihan; kombinasi elemen lanskap yang terdiri atas vegetasi, air, dan perkerasan; serta penataan lanskap yang melibatkan prinsipprinsip desain. Berdasarkan kuesioner terhadap pengunjung, diketahui bahwa pengunjung menginginkan adanya penambahan fasilitas untuk menunjang aktivitas, serta penambahan penggunaan tanaman berbunga dan tanaman peneduh untuk meningkatkan keindahan dan kenyamanan taman kota.
Care Navigators and Peers for Mental Health: What is the State of Practice?
Authors: GRISWOLD KIM
Published: July 2019

Many people with serious mental illnesses continue to experience premature mortality and complex physical health problems.  Navigation and guided care methods have been expanded to reach many different populations – all of whom face varying barriers to health care and social services.  A navigator guides consumer/patients around health system obstacles with ultimate goals of achieving access to care. Navigator and peer programs have had the most positive effect in helping mental health consumer/patients link to primary care.  The voices of consumer/patients, peers, and other navigators are integral to the science and art of navigation for mental health.  Effective navigation models, trained navigator and peer professionals have enormous potential to help consumer/patients achieve optimal physical and mental health outcomes.
Approche ethnobotanique descriptive de la flore médicinale en milieu désertique « Cas des oasis du Gourara, de Tidikelt et de Touat » région d’Adrar, Algérie
Authors: Amrouche A. , Bessenouci C. , Gherib M. , Fellah K. , Malainine H. , Benmehdi H.
Published: July 2019

La présente étude est une contribution à la connaissance des espèces végétales médicinales utilisées par la population locale de la région d’Adrar (Algérie). Pour ce faire, une approche ethnobotanique descriptive a été privilégiée ; et à l’aide d’une fiche questionnaire, 122 enquêtés ont révélé leurs connaissances et savoir-faire ancestraux sur l’usage de ces espèces en pharmacopée traditionnelle. Les données recueillies ont été analysées statistiquement et traitées par le logiciel SPSS 22. Les résultats obtenus ont permis d’identifier 84 espèces médicinales appartenant à 78 genres et à 38 familles botaniques. Les familles les plus importantes sont celles des Asteraceae, Fabaceae et Poaceae. Les feuilles et les graines sont les parties les plus utilisées dans les préparations médicinales. De plus, la poudre, l’infusion et la décoction sont les modes de préparation les plus sollicités. Avec cela, les résultats de l’étude ont révélé une diversité d’indications thérapeutiques des espèces et une dominance pour les maladies internes et les affections digestives ; ce qui peut justifier l’utilisation très intense de certaines plantes tellesArtemisia herba albaetAdiantum capillus venerisqui sont connues par leurs effets spasmolytique, hypotensif, hypoglycémiant, hépatoprotecteur, antioxydant et antiinflammatoire. Cette étude nous a permis, aussi, par analyse multifactorielle, de révéler une bonne correspondance entre l’aspect ethnobotanique des espèces végétales et de leurs utilisations en thérapeutique. Les résultats obtenus indiquent l’apparition de quatre profils types d’usage spécifiques de la flore médicinale de la région d’étude.
Assessing the failure probability of gearhead of drilling rig top drive system taking into account the mode of its operation
Authors: Syzrantseva Ksenia V. , Il’inykh Vitaly N. , Kolbasin Denis S.
Published: July 2019

Elements of drilling equipment are subjected to random loads with very high amplitudes during operation. Classical methods of probabilistic calculation of gearings don’t allow us to estimate the probability of their failure taking into account the real operational data obtained by telemetry when these data cannot be described by standard distribution laws. The offered technique is based on application of methods of non-parametric statistics therefore it is free from these restrictions. All its stages are realized in the Mathcad mathematical processor. The article describes the technique of failure probability of gearing of drilling rig top drive system in accordance with criterion of bending endurance of teeth. Results of its realization for failure probability assessment of gearing at its operation in the heavy loading mode agree well with failure statistics. Also, the technique allows us to determine the probability of gearing failure for any load distribution laws during operation, including, when the loading mode is defined by sample.
Detailed geological models of V. N. Vinogradov oil field productive reservoirs
Authors: Panina Elena V. , Lagutina Svetlana V. , Grishkevich Vladimir F. , Arzhilovskaya Evgenia A.
Published: July 2019

The article is devoted to the issue of geological modelling. The sedimentational environment of Tyumenand Frolov suites productive deposits is reconstructed using complex regional analysis of seismic and well data. Detailed facial models are built for UKand AS3 reservoir group. Concordant structural model, reservoir properties mapping, saturation recognition, oil-water contacts estimation, and pool contouring are made for oil initial resources evaluation.
Studying of speed on the process drill string flattening vertical wells
Authors: Aliyev Rasul M. , Kurbanov Shamil M. , Umariev Temirlan M.
Published: July 2019

The issue of vertical wells curvature is important, especially when conducting wells in complex geological conditions of drilling, due to the increasing depth of the wells and the corresponding rise in the cost of drilling. The cause of this circumstance lies in the large time and financial costs while flattening of the bent wells. Moreover, it should be noted that during the subsequent drilling of a curved well the risk of key-seating and the corresponding complications increases. That is why large oil field service companies and drilling enterprises are paying more and more attention to solving the problem of vertical wells curvature. This article is devoted to investigation the effect of rotation of the drill string on the deflecting force on the bit while drilling a vertical well in a rotary way. We suggest using of eccentric drill collars for drilling vertical wells in difficult geological conditions. Also, we create an expression for the dynamic milling force on the bit, taking into account the usage of an eccentric drill collar in the composition of bottom-hole assembly.
Harvey’s 1593 ‘To Be and Not To Be’
Authors: McCarthy Dennis
Published: July 2019

Ever since the discovery of the first quarto of Hamlet (Q1) in 1823, it has generated
fierce debate among scholars about its origin. Recently, Terri Bourus has written
a powerful book-length argument that Q1 was indeed by Shakespeare, as its title
page states, and that he wrote it by 1589. The present article bolsters Bourus’s
conclusion with a careful look at its title page claims as well as the literary satires
of Thomas Nashe, Gabriel Harvey and Ben Jonson. Specifically, Q1’s title page
and apparent allusions to Hamlet in the early 1590s pamphlet war of Nashe and
Harvey independently confirm an earlier chronology for the tragedy. Jonson also
attributes a line exclusive to Q1 to his caricature of Shakespeare in Every Man Out
of His Humor (1600). The evidence suggests Shakespeare had written Q1 much
earlier than conventionally assumed and that there was no ‘lost Hamlet’.
Unique Lines and the Ambient Heart of Q1 Hamlet
Authors: Johnson Laurie
Published: July 2019

Study of the Q1 Hamlet (1603) has been characterised by analysis of its degree
of similarity to the Q2 and Folio versions. Detailed consideration of the unique
lines in Q1 – that is, lines for which there is no analogue in Q2 or F – has been
ignored, with discussion of Q1 focusing instead on whether it ‘cuts’ or ‘remembers’ any lines from Q2 or F. This article demonstrates the consistent presence of a key image – the heart – in association with the character of Corambis in unique Q1 lines. This consistency means that whichever model of transmission one accepts, some account is needed of the prospect that unique lines were either cut or added systematically in conjunction with the change of name of the King’s counsellor.
WHEN PARIS WAS “À L’HEURE CHINOISE” OR GEORGES POMPIDOU IN CHINA AND JEAN YANNE’S (1974) LES CHINOIS À PARIS
Authors: Clark Catherine E.
Published: July 2019

This article looks at two seemingly disparate events: Georges Pompidou’s 1973 presidential visit to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the filming and release of Jean Yanne’s blockbuster comedy Les Chinois à Paris (1974). Both produced flawed visions of Franco-Chinese relations.
During Pompidou’s visit, officials and the press attempted to demonstrate that France enjoyed warmer relations with the PRC than any other Western nation. Yanne’s film parodied the French fad for Maoism by imagining the People’s Liberation Army invading and occupying Paris. His film caused an uproar in the press and sparked official Chinese protest. The article ultimately argues that the two events were deeply related, part of a wave of popular and official interest in China in the early 1970s that extended well
beyond the well-known stories of student and intellectual Maoists. This interest paved the way for Franco-Chinese relations as we know them today.
Molecular tagging of photoperiod responsive flowering in Indian bean
[Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet]
Vinita Ramtekey*, Arpit Bhuriya, Dipendra Ayer, Vipulkumar Parekh, Kaushal Modha, Bhushan Kale,
Gopal Vadodariya and Ritesh Patel
(
Authors: Ramtekey Vinita , Bhuriya Arpit , Ayer Dipendra , Parekh Vipulkumar , Modha Kaushal , Kale Bhushan , Vadodariya Gopal , Patel Ritesh , Parekh Vipulkumar , Kaushal Modha, Bhushan Kale
Published: July 2019

Photoperiod responsive flowering and growth habit might
have played a key role in domestication of lablab bean
(Lablab purpureus) and currently shifting its cultivation
from intercropping to monoculture. Most of the landraces
of lablab bean exhibit photoperiod sensitivity in flowering
and indeterminate growth habit. A cross was made between
GNIB21 and GP189 which are phenotypic extremes for
photoperiod responsive flowering. The F1 hybrid exhibited
dominant traits like indeterminate growth habit and photosensitive
flowering endowed from male parent. Segregation
pattern of 3:1 in F2 generation indicated monogenic
recessive nature of photoperiod insensitive flowering. Bulk
segregant analysis in F2 population revealed association
of PvTFLy1, a locus governing determinate growth habit in
lablab bean, with photoperiod responsive flowering where
an amplicon of 300 bp was observed in photo sensitive
GP189 while it was absent in photo insensitive variety
GNIB21. Significant ÷2 test indicated coupling phase of
linkage between PvTFLY1 and photoperiod responsive
flowering. Linkage analysis placed PvTFLY1 at the distance
of 19.23 cM from the locus governing photoperiod
responsive flowering. The linkage between growth habit
and photoperiod responsive flowering in common bean,
soybean and Indian bean suggest that these traits may be
governed by mutation or deletion of E3 (or GmPhyA3) and
Dt1 homologs in Indian bean. Information available on
characterized genes for photoperiod responsive flowering
and determinate growth habit from common bean, soybean
and other related legumes may be utilized for isolation,
characterization, mapping and molecular dissection of
genes involved in regulation of photoperiod responsive
flowering in Indian bean.
Genetics of semi-determinacy and identification of molecular marker
linked to Dt1 locus in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Harshavardhana Y. S. , Hegde Venkatraman , Tripathi Shailesh , Raje R. S. , Jain P. K. , Gaikwad Kishor , Bharadwaj C. , Kumar Rajendra , Singh Rajesh Kumar , Sharma Mukesh Kumar , Chauhan S. K.
Published: July 2019

Chickpea is predominantly an indeterminate (IDT) plant
due to which high fertility and irrigation have adverse effect
on seed yield. The semi-determinate (SDT) types are
relatively early, lodging resistant and found to be similar in
their yield potential to that of IDT genotypes. However, the
inheritance of SDT stem type is not well understood in
chickpea. The present investigation was aimed at studying
the genetics of SDT stem type and identifying molecular
marker linked to Dt1 locus through Bulked Segregant
Analysis (BSA). The genetics of semi-determinacy was
studied in BGD 72 (IDT) x BG 3078-1(SDT) cross in which
the genetic constitution of BGD 72 was already known as
Dt1Dt1Dt2Dt2 based on the previous study. The F1 was IDT
indicating the dominance of indeterminacy over semideterminacy.
The segregation in F2 and F3 revealed that
SDT stem growth in the new-found genotype BG3078-1
was governed by a single dominant gene Dt2 and its
genotype designated as dt1dt1Dt2Dt2. The study of
polymorphic survey between BGD-72(IDT) and BG 3078-
1(SDT) using 581 SSR markers found 50 markers
polymorphic. The BSA using 50 polymorphic markers has
identified TA42 and TR29 as polymorphic between IDT and
SDT parents as well as IDT and SDT bulks and hence
considered putatively linked to Dt1 locus governing IDT
stem growth in chickpea. The two linked markers were
validated in 15 IDT and 15 SDT F2 plants individually. These
two markers were also validated in 3 IDT, 8SDT and 3 DT
genotypes. This is the first report on the identification of a
molecular marker associated with stem growth habit in
chickpea.
Statistical challenges in genetic association analyses: Populationbased
versus family-based studies
Authors: Ghosh Saurabh , Haldar Tanushree
Published: July 2019

Genetic association tests provide clues on chromosomal
locations of putative genes underlying complex traits, both
qualitative (such as disease status) and quantitative (such
as measurable precursors of clinical outcomes). One can
adopt either a population-based or a family-based study
design to generate genotype and phenotype data necessary
to carry out the tests of association. In this article, we
provide an overview of the two contrasting study designs,
the statistical issues pertaining to each of these study
designs as well as their relative advantages and
disadvantages. We also outline the current statistical
challenges in interpreting association findings in the
presence of population stratification and in carrying out
appropriate comparisons of the powers of the association
tests based on the two study designs.
Phylogeny of actin and tubulin gene homologs in diverse eukaryotic species
Authors: Jayaswal Pawan Kumar , Shanker Asheesh , Singh Nagendra   Kumar
Published: July 2019

Actin and tubulin are cytoskeleton proteins, which are
important components of the celland are conserved across
species. Despite their crucial significance in cell motility
and cell division the distribution and phylogeny of actin
and tubulin genes across taxa is poorly understood. Here
we used publicly available genomic data of 49 model species
of plants, animals, fungi and Protista for further
understanding the distribution of these genes among
diverse eukaryotic species using rice as reference. The
highest numbers of rice actin and tubulin gene homologs
were present in plants followed by animals, fungi and
Protista species, whereas ten actin and nine tubulin genes
were conserved in all 49 species. Phylogenetic analysis of
19 actin and 18 tubulin genes clustered them into four
major groups each. One each of the actin and tubulin gene
clusters was conserved across eukaryotic species. Species
trees based on the conserved actin and tubulin genes
showed evolutionary relationship of 49 different taxa
clustered into plants, animals, fungi and Protista. This study
provides a phylogenetic insight into the evolution of actin
and tubulin genes in diverse eukaryotic species.
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) issues related to access and use of genetic resources
Authors: Brahmi Pratibha , Tyagi Vandana
Published: July 2019

Genetic Resources (GR) refer to genetic material of actual
or potential value. Use of GR refers to the process of
researching their beneficial properties and using them to
increase scientific knowledge and understanding, or to
develop commercial products. There is continuous search
for newer resources to meet the future demands that arise
with the emergence of new diseases, abiotic stresses,
climate change, and enhanced demand for food and
nutritional security. GR are exchanged and searched
continuously for specific traits to improve yields and
nutritional value in crops and animal genetic resources.
Every nation is concerned with acquisition of diverse and
superior germplasm for conservation and utilization. The
rapid advancements in the fields of molecular biology,
biotechnology and bioinformatics, led to the emergence of
new legal, political and technological regimes regulating
access to GR. Three international negotiations impacted
the access to GR, these are the Convention on Biological
Diversity (CBD), the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects
of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) as part of the
Agreement establishing the World Trade Organization
(WTO) and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic
Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA). The
regulation regarding access to GR, increasing application
of IPRs and the vast potential of biological wealth yet to be
tapped through bio-prospecting and genetic engineering,
has placed greater demands on nations to adjust to the
changing scenario of GR management. Currently access
to GR is under the provisions of CBD and access to GR is
based on mutually agreed terms (MAT), subject to prior
informed consent (PIC). In response to CBD, India enacted
the Biological Diversity Act (BDA), 2002 and established
the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) in 2003. Access
to PGR from India is therefore regulated by BDA, 2002. The
Nagoya Protocol which entered into force from October
2014 defines the international regime within the framework
of CBD to promote and safeguard the fair and equitable
sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic
resources. The paper discusses these agreements in detail
with reference to access and use of GR.
DUS testing for plant variety protection: Some researchable issues
Authors: Chakrabarty S. K. , Choudhury Dipal Roy
Published: July 2019

In order to implement effectively Protection of Plant Varieties
and Farmers’ Rights Act, 2001 testing of new varieties for
Distinctiveness (D), Uniformity (U) and Stability (S) is
essential. Based on field and laboratory trials along with
the most similar variety a new variety is compared for the
characteristics which describe the variety. Distinctiveness
assessment of a new variety apparently looks easy but
actually it is not so particularly in case of crop species
maintained /reproduced through often cross pollination
and cross pollination owing to presence of plants with
varied expression in some characteristics. Similarly,
uniformity assessment of a variety ensures its genetic purity.
The crop specific DUS test guideline has been developed
and followed for plant variety assessment to register a new
variety. Further there is enough scope to comprehend the
guidelines for the benefit of plant variety examiners. To
make the comparison scientific and valid some statistical
procedures are used. Plant varieties differ genetically and
the differences are expressed in the form of phenotypes
(characteristics). The level of difference depends not only
on the genetic constitution of the characteristics but also
on the sample size, level of confidence, reject numbers etc.
These are required to be studied in each plant species
keeping in mind the overall variation available among the
varieties in a plant species and easiness in the registration
process. In view of influence of growing environment on
the quantitative characteristics there is need to identify a
separate set of example varieties for proper description
and assess distinctiveness of new varieties for its
protection.
Teaching genetics in India: Problems and possible solutions
Authors: Gupta P. K.
Published: July 2019

Genetics is a difficult subject for majority of biology teachers
and students world-wide. It is recognized that majority of
students and even teachers of biology do not fully
understand the basic concepts of genetics. They also
experience difficulty in solving numerical problems of
genetics. During the last few decades, this problem has
become more acute due to the impact of molecular biology
on genetics. In this article, this problem has been illustrated
with the help of some examples of basic concepts, which
the author thinks are difficult and are not fully understood
by majority of teachers and students. The general problems
in teaching of genetics described in this article include
inherent variation in ability to understand among students,
and resistance to follow scientific teaching among teachers,
as demonstrated through well-designed logical
experimentation. The solutions suggested for improvement
of teaching include interactive teaching and preparations
of inventory of difficult concepts, and clickers questions.
The resources for improvement of teaching genetics that
are being developed by Genetics Society of America (GSA)
have been described in some detail. These resources also
include some ‘online web resources for teaching genetics’,
which include ‘MendelWeb’ and ‘GeneEd’ that are
periodically revised. A set of questions in the form Genetics
Concept Assessment (GCA) and a repository of clicker
questions have been recommended as a regular activity of
teachers for their own assessment followed by the
assessment of the students in the class room. Arrangement
of regular short training courses has also been
recommended for the unpgradation of the prescribed
contents of genetics courses, for developing newer teaching
methods and also for the preparation of teaching material
to improve the knowledge-base of teachers.
Genetics on a maize cob: A teaching tool for schools
Authors: Hossain Firoz , Bhat Shripad Ramachandra , Mohapatra Trilochan , Singh Ashok Kumar
Published: July 2019

Genetics occupies central position in biology and directly
connects with all its branches. In fact, ‘life’ and ‘non-life’
meet each other in viruses and genes. Technologies
emanating from genetics have had immense impact in
various areas such as healthcare, agriculture, environment
etc. Recent developments in stem cell biology and gene
editing technologies not only promise cures for several
ailments which were hitherto unthinkable but also raise
concerns of irreparable harm that can result from unbridled
use of these technologies. Therefore, basic understanding
of genetics is necessary for all sections of society. Hence,
genetics is now introduced at the school level. However, at
least in the Indian context, genetics teaching in classrooms
relies largely on blackboard or chart-based explanations.
Unlike physics, chemistry and to some extent basic botany
and zoology where models or live/preserved specimens
are available to demonstrate fundamental concepts under
classroom conditions, there is a dearth of material resources
for teaching genetics. Maize has a long history of basic and
applied genetics where a large number of well-characterized
mutant stocks are available. To make learning experience
interesting and engaging, we have developed maize genetic
resources for use under classroom conditions. In particular,
maize cob with seeds segregating for various clearly
identifiable phenotypes presents unique opportunity to
demonstrate basic genetic principles including statistical
and population genetic concepts. In this article we describe
these resources and explain how they can be used to
demonstrate different concepts.