bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A arte contemporânea e o museu: desafios da preservação para além do objeto
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Silva Mariana Estellita Lins
Published: May 2023

Até a Arte Moderna as obras de arte eram concebidas como objetos únicos, produtos da expressão do artista, como a concretização de um momento singular de criação. A materialidade da obra é o elemento que une o ato criativo do artista ao momento de contemplação do espectador. Esta relação é trabalhada por Walter Benjamin a partir do conceito de aura, onde a obra é um signo que remete ao tempo histórico no qual foi concebida, como testemunho de uma tradição. Em seu suporte acumulam-se vestígios da passagem do tempo, que, agregados a elementos simbólicos, lhe conferem valor de culto.
Paulo Harro-Harring e a revolução: correlações possíveis
Authors:   Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Macedo Rafael Gonzaga de
Published: May 2023

Paul Harro-Harring foi um artista de múltiplas habilidades. Formado nas conceituadas academias de arte de Dresden e Copenhague por volta de 1820. Obteve, como muitos pintores alemães contemporâneos, uma formação intelectual e artística bastante ampla. Não restringindo sua produção somente à pintura, mas também produzindo como romancista, dramaturgo e poeta. Atividades compartilhadas com uma atuação no campo político daquele momento histórico, marcado por revoltas populares e sociais, que agregam à sua apresentação também o termo “revolucionário”.
Anos 60: transformações no campo artístico e na arte na Argentina
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Abreu Simone Rocha de
Published: May 2023

A presente comunicação pretende apresentar um olhar sobre um período da arte Argentina, compreendido pela década de sessenta do século vinte, muito embora saibamos que o limite temporal nunca foi o critério ideal para o estudo de fenômenos culturais, fizemos este recorte por perceber questões na produção e no campo artístico que tornaram este período rico, plural e talvez, um momento de exercício da liberdade para os intelectuais, apesar dos limites do regime político vigente na época. No tocante ao campo artístico partimos das novas possibilidades surgidas com o início de atividades no InstitutoTorcuato Di Tella até o esgotamento deste modelo de instituição, portanto, enfoca-se Buenos Aires, mas também foi necessário abordar acontecimentos em Rosário e na cidade de La Plata. No tocante à produção artística enfocamos questões como: fusão arte e vida, vanguardismo estético, experimentalismo, o entendimento da obra como crítica à sociedade do espetáculo e/ou crítica à sociedade midiática, o aumento dos coletivos de artistas, a fusão da vanguarda estética e política e o questionamento dos artistas sobre o valor das instituições no acolhimento da arte.
História da arte e museologia: a experiência com o acervo BANERJ
Authors:   Universidade Federal Fluminense, Matesco Viviane
Published: May 2023

A comunicação visa refletir sobre a especificidade da pesquisa em História da Arte em um museu público tendo como universo uma coleção proveniente de um banco estatal liquidado: o acervo Banerj. A coleção é constituída por 880 obras de arte entre gravuras, desenhos, pinturas e esculturas do século XIX e XX; desatacam-se litografias de Adolphe D’ Hastrel, Emil Bauch, pinturas de Anita Malfatti, Cícero Dias, Di Cavalcanti, Bonadei, Portinari, Guignard, Volpi e um número expressivo de gravuras de Goeldi. Formada no início da década de 60 pelo Banco do Estado da Guanabara, a coleção “Banerj” carrega desde o início a marca da duplicidade que acompanhará sua trajetória: estar ligada a um banco e ao mesmo tempo ser via de política pública cultural.
EVLERE ŞENLİK KAYNANAM NASIL KUDURDU? ROMANINDA KADIN VE TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET ELEŞTİRİSİ
Authors: TATLİ Meliha
Published: May 2023

Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar, Türk edebiyatında roman ve hikâyeciliğin en üretken ve önemli yazarlarından birisidir. Çeşitli konuları eserlerine taşımakla birlikte toplumun psikolojik, toplumsal ve kültürel portresini geniş ölçüde yansıtmıştır. Roman ve hikâyelerinin geneli sosyolojik anlamda okumalar yapmaya müsait olduğu için bu çalışmada da “kadın” odaklı bir araştırma yapmak konuya dair oldukça malzeme sunmuştur. Kadının eğitimi, çalışma hayatı, sosyal hayattaki konumu, toplum içinde maruz kaldığı baskılar, aşk ve tutkuları her dönem için tartışmaya açık meselelerdir. Kadın vasıtasıyla toplum hayatının yozlaşmış meselelerini, ahlak ve namus sorunlarını işleyen Gürpınar, bunu yaparken Ataerkinin kadınların ezilmesi üzerine kurulu bir ideoloji olduğunu yansıtmadan geçemez. Toplumsal düzen içerisindeki cinsiyet rollerinin kadın ve erkek arasında ayrım yaratacak kadar ortaya çıkması Hüseyin Rahmi’nin Evlere Şenlik Kaynanam Nasıl Kudurdu? romanında ayrıntılı bir biçimde incelenmiştir.

Bu çalışmada merkezde Makbule Hanım olmak üzere onun etrafındaki damat Osman Zihni ve oğul Ali Harun’un ataerki adına nasıl söz sahibi oldukları ve cinsiyetin sadece kadına ait bir sorun ve eksiklik olduğu üzerinde durularak bir toplumsal cinsiyet eleştirine gidilmiştir. Kadının konumunu ataerkil anlayış çerçevesinde değerlendirmek romanın eril bir dil olan Osman Zihni tarafından yazılmasıyla doğrudan açıklanabilir. Kadına yönelik genel-geçer yargılar ve edilgen konuma itilmesi romandaki olaylar ve kişiler aracılığıyla verilmeye çalışılmıştır.
ESKİ ANADOLU TÜRKÇESİNDE SES SEMBOLİK UNSURLAR
Authors: AKTEKER Osman
Published: May 2023

Ses sembolizmi hipotezi, ses ve anlam arasında sistematik bir ilişki olduğu varsayımına dayanmaktadır. Ses sembolizmi, Platon’un ses sembolizminin ilk eleştirel çalışması sayılan Kratylos eserinden bu yana felsefe, dil bilimi ve psikoloji başta olmak üzere birçok disipline konu olmuştur. Ses sembolizmi hipotezi, konvansiyonalizm ve natüralizm akımlarının başlıca uğraşı olmuştur. Sözcüğün biçimiyle anlamı arasında bir bağlantı olduğunu iddia eden görüşe natüralizm; sözcükleri uzlaşımsal kabul edip ses anlam korelasyonunu reddeden görüşe ise konvansiyonalizm denir. Ses sembolizminin tarihi, bu iki karşıt görüşün çetin mücadelesine sahne olmuştur.

Bu çalışma, artsüremli bir bakış açısıyla Eski Anadolu Türkçesindeki ses sembolik unsurları saptamıştır. Artsüremli çalışmalar, biçim anlam korelasyonunun tarihi süreçteki evrimine ışık tutması bakımından ses sembolizmi için önemlidir. Çalışma, ses sembolizminin tarihi ve tipolojisini ele aldıktan sonra ses sembolizmini bir sözcük türetme yöntemi olarak gören yeni bir yaklaşım önermektedir. Bu yeni yaklaşım; ses sembolizminin tipolojisini kavram sesleri, ses kümeleri, yansımalar ve ünlemler ile sınırlandırmaktadır. Çalışmanın bulgular bölümünde ise Eski Anadolu Türkçesindeki ses sembolik unsurlar taranan eserlerden elde edilen verilerle örneklendirilmiştir.
AKADEMİK TÜRKÇE SÖZCÜK LİSTESİ OLUŞTURMA ÜZERİNE DERLEMDEN ÖĞRETİME KURAMSAL TARTIŞMALAR
Authors: SAYAR Elif , GENÇ Ayten
Published: May 2023

1980’lerin sonlarından günümüze kadar geçen süreçte ikinci/yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi alanında birçok önemli çalışma yapılmış olmasına rağmen uluslararası öğrencilere akademik Türkçe öğretimine yönelik çok sınırlı sayıda çalışma yapıldığı alanyazına yansıyan bir durumdur. Yayımlanan tez, makale ve kitaplar uluslararası öğrencilere yönelik akademik Türkçe alanyazınının gelişmesine önemli katkılarda bulunmuş, bu süreçte düzenlenen çalıştaylar ve konferanslar, sunulan bildirilerde bu öğrenci grubunun ihtiyaçlarına, hazırlanan ders kitaplarına, ders malzemeleri ile ölçme-değerlendirme yöntemlerine yönelik birçok sorun tartışılmıştır. Ancak akademik Türkçe alanı¬nın giderilmesi gereken önemli ihtiyaçlarından bazıları hâlâ çalışılmayı beklemektedir. Bu ihtiyaçlardan biri de akademik Türkçe için geniş kapsamlı, dengeli ve temsil gücü yüksek bir derlem ile bu derlemden hareketle uluslararası öğrencilere yönelik genel amaçlı akademik Türkçe için oluşturulmuş bir sözcük listesidir. Bahsedilen ihtiyaçtan hareketle bu çalışmanın amacı, derlem dilbilimin dil öğretimi/öğrenimde özellikle söz varlığı çalışmalarında kullanımını incelemek, derlemden hareketle sözcük listesi oluşturmanın önemini tartışmak ve Türkçe için oluşturulmuş mevcut akademik sözcük listelerinin özelliklerini ortaya koyarak yeni bir sözcük listesi oluşturmaya duyulan ihtiyaca yönelik kuramsal bir çerçeve sunmaktır. Bu kuramsal çalışmayla derlem dilbilim alanındaki araştırmaları daha işlevsel kılacak ve ikinci/yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi alanının uygulama tabanına katkı sağlayacak bir model sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Doç. Dr. Serhat Küçük (29 Ekim 1977 - 31 Ocak 2023)
Authors: YEŞİL Fatih
Published: May 2023

Bu yazı Doç. Dr. Serhat Küçük'ün hayatını incelemektedir.
Condrossarcoma mixóide extraesquelético: fratura patológica secundária à neoplasia?
Authors: Carnio Noé , Medrado Ribeiro Hewerthon , Marques Guimarães Wilks , Medeiros Filho Plínio
Published: May 2023

Condrossarcoma mixóide extraesquelético é uma neoplasia maligna rara que acomete principalmente extremidades, com predileção para membros inferiores, possui curso clínico variável com prognóstico reservado apesar de sua classificação de tumor de baixo grau. Atualmente o tratamento com melhor prognóstico se dá por amputação do membro afetado e quimioterapia em casos de metástase. Esse relato demonstra um caso clínico de localização usual mas de volume e rapidez de evolução especiais, com a suspeita de uma fratura patológica catalisada por um acidente de baixa energia.
Penyuluhan Mengenai Stunting Untuk Menekan Angka Kejadian Stunting Pada Orang Tua dan Kader Posyandu di Desa Sembungan, Boyolali
Authors: Sari Yulia , Ramli Muhammad Rizaldi , Baskoro Reza Setyo , Meifina Dinda Rachma , Widjaya Kristina Cecilia , Changifer Stephen , Hani Yulistya , Egasmara Kirana Raissa , Devaranty Lafriba , Supriyadi Winona Dara , Pratama Sandy Adi Nugraha
Published: May 2023

Pendahuluan: Stunting sendiri masih menjadi persoalan di Indonesia. Kabupaten boyolali merupakan salah satu target dalam percepatan penurunan stunting dengan jumlah balita stunting sebanyak sebanyak 5.665 balita dari total 63.576 balita. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan dinas kesehatan Boyolali untuk menurunkan angka kasus stunting, namun untuk program penyuluhan yang telah dijalankan masih belum maksimal. Menurut data dari dinas kesehatan, pengetahuan ibu mengenai stunting masih kurang. Pengabdian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran orang tua dan kader posyandu tentang stunting.

Metode: Pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei lapangan, persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi program. Pengabdi melakukan intervensi kepada orang tua dan kader posyandu di wilayah desa Sembungan.

Hasil dan pembahasan: Hasil posttest menunjukkan peningkatan tingkat pengetahuan dan pemahaman orang tua anak stunting dan kader posyandu menjadi 88,5 dari nilai pretest sebelumnya 82,15.

Kesimpulan: Terdapat peningkatan tingkat pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang stunting pada orang tua anak stunting dan kader posyandu dalam rangka peningkatan angka kejadian stunting.

 
Edukasi Pencegahan dan Deteksi Dini Penyakit Kardiovaskular di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Kusumawati Ratna , Sulastomo Heru , Indarto Dono , Jusup Sinu Andhi , Rahardjo Setyo Sri , Purwaningtyas Niniek , Susilawati Tri Nugraha , Suselo Yuliana Heri , Wulandari Sri
Published: May 2023

Pendahuluan: Jumlah kasus penyakit kardiovaskular (PKV) di dunia menunjukkan kecenderungan meningkat termasuk di Indonesia. Kabupaten Sukoharjo di Jawa Tengah melaporkan adanya peningkatan penyakit hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus (DM) yang menjadi faktor risiko penting PKV. Penyakit hipertensi dan DM merupakan penyakit penyerta utama pada kasus coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) sehingga dapat memperburuk gejala dan menyebabkan kematian. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan edukasi tentang pencegahan dan deteksi dini PKV di wilayah Kecamatan Kartasura, Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah di masa pandemi COVID-19.

Metode: Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan di RT 03 RW 02 desa Gowongan, Pucangan, Kartasura, Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah. Metode pengabdian yang dilakukan berupa pelatihan pengukuran denyut nadi latihan, talk show  mengenai pencegahan dan deteksi dini PKV serta pemeriksaan kesehatan berupa pemeriksaan tekanan darah dan kadar gula darah.

Hasil dan pembahasan: Hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini peserta mendapatkan informasi yang valid mengenai pencegahan dan deteksi dini PKV. Selain itu, kegiatan ini menstimulasi keperdulian peserta untuk melakukan upaya pencegahan dan deteksi dini melalui pemeriksaan tekanan darah dan kadar gula darah. Hasil lain yang didapatkan adalah peserta dapat melakukan pengukuran denyut nadi latihan secara mandiri untuk mengoptimalkan olahraga yang dilakukan.

Kesimpulan: Edukasi pencegahan dan deteksi dini PKV kepada masyarakat talkshow, pelatihan dan layanan kesehatan telah terlaksana dengan baik. Kegiatan ini dapat memberikan informasi valid kepada masyarakat dan memacu keperdulian masyarakat untuk melakukan upaya pencegahan dan deteksi dini PKV.
The use of mesenchymal stromal cell secretome to enhance guided bone regeneration in comparison with leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin
Authors: Shanbhag Siddharth , Al-Sharabi Niyaz , Kampleitner Carina , Mohamed-Ahmed Samih , Kristoffersen Einar K , Tangl Stefan , Mustafa Kamal , Gruber Reinhard , Sanz Mariano
Published: May 2023

Background Secretomes of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are emerging as a novel strategy for growth factor delivery and a promising alternative to cell therapies for tissue regeneration. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of adjunctive use of conditioned media of human MSC (MSC-CM) with collagen barrier membranes (MEM) for guided bone regeneration (GBR) vs. adjunctive use of conditioned media of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF-CM).Methods MSC-CM and PRF-CM were prepared from three human donors each and subjected to quantitative proteomic analysis using mass spectrometry and multiplex immunoassay. Early responses (48 h) of MSC to MSC-CM and PRF-CM were studied via gene expression analysis. Next, MEM functionalized with pooled MSC-CM or PRF-CM were applied on critical-size rat calvaria defects and new bone formation was analyzed via micro-computed tomography (µCT, 2 and 4 weeks) and histology (4 weeks).Results Proteomic analysis revealed several proteins representing biological processes related to bone formation in both MSC-CM and PRF-CM, although more differentially expressed proteins (p < 0.05) were observed in MSC-CM. Similar trends for differential expression of a subset of proteins related to bone remodeling were observed in the multiplex assay. More bone-related genes were upregulated (p < 0.05) in MSC exposed to MSC-CM vs. PRF-CM. In calvaria defects, µCT revealed greater bone coverage in the MSC-CM group after 2 and 4 weeks (p < 0.05). Histologically, both groups showed a combination of regular new bone and ‘hybrid’ new bone, which was formed within the membrane compartment and characterized by incorporation of mineralized collagen fibers. Greater hybrid bone formation occurred in the MSC-CM group (p < 0.05), while total new bone area was similar between groups.Conclusion Based on the proteomic analysis and in vivo investigation, MSC-CM functionalized on MEM represents a promising strategy to enhance GBR.
Assessment of photo-protection, photosynthetic efficiency and growth responses of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) subjected to fluctuating actinic light condition
Authors: Nair Raji Sadasivan , Saravanan Raju , More Sanket Jijabrao , Puthur Jos Thomas , Makasana Jayanti , Ravi Velumani
Published: May 2023

Light intensity is a critical environmental factor that influences plant growth and development. Plants have evolved various protective mechanisms to survive high light conditions, including non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), which dissipates excess energy as heat to prevent photodamage. However, NPQ can limit effective photosynthetic yield when plants changeover to low light conditions. This phenomenon is scarcely studied in cassava, a starchy storage root crop of the tropics known for high biological efficiency and climate resilience. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a study to assess the photo-protection ability and growth response of six cassava varieties exposed to natural environmental light conditions (control), as well as intermittent high light (IHL) conditions at 900 µmol m− 2 s− 1. Our results showed a significant effect of light treatment on above ground biomass, crop biomass, chlorophyll a and b, photosynthetic rate, and NPQ values when plants were subjected to low to high light and high to low light transition. Variety Sree Suvarna had the highest yield under both control and IHL conditions, with crop biomass of 4.31 kg plant− 1 and 4.11 kg plant− 1, respectively. Our findings suggest that screening the plants with the capacity to postpone photoinhibition and those with the potential for quick recovery from photoinhibition can improve the photosynthetic performance, which has implications for increasing the efficiency and resilience of cassava crops and increasing agricultural productivity sustainably.
Satellite Imagery reveals an accelerating rate of increase in land evapotranspiration
Authors: Jaafar Hadi , Sujud Lara
Published: May 2023

Quantifying Evapotranspiration (ET), a major component of the hydrologic cycle, is critical for monitoring agricultural water use at the field scale and enabling better water management. Despite the importance of a global field-scale ET product, there is limited information available on the inter- and intra-annual variability in recent years. Here, we generate a monthly 100-m resolution ET dataset from 1990 to 2021, using a validated single-source energy balance algorithm and more than four million thermal Landsat satellite imagery scenes. We find that global ET has significantly accelerated over the last two decades at an annual rate of 1.33 mm yr− 1 (0.2%), despite regional disparities. This rate has intensified to 0.47% and 1.97–2.15% in the most recent twelve and seven years of the study, respectively, primarily due to increases in summer ET over North America, African tropics, and Indochina. Our machine learning analysis indicates that air temperature, rainfall, and atmospheric moisture are the primary drivers of these ET trends. This publicly available ET datasets has the potential to advance our understanding of global and local water use dynamics and can inform water policy and management decisions in a warming climate.
Rice straw to biofertilizer formulations: Fostering waste management for circular economy
Authors: Sharma Apurav , Soni Raman , Soni Sanjeev Kumar
Published: May 2023

The increasing recognition of issues related to the production of rice straw has spurred global interest, particularly in India, to reclaim rice straw generated during cultivation to mitigate the pollution. The present study focuses on the zero waste principle, which promotes long-term sustainable socio-economic and environmental benefits through the conversion of rice straw into biofertilizers. The 8-day process involves hydrolyzing delignified rice straw using Aspergillus niger P-19 capable of producing multiple hydrolytic enzymes while Klebsiella pneumoniae AP-407 grows in the nutrients present in the hydrolysate, providing plant growth-promoting traits. This method produces liquid and carrier biofertilizer formulations from a single process with a high microbial population and is economically attractive as it can be achieved in a single fermenter vessel without requiring external enzyme loading or carrier substances. This sustainable and economically feasible solution for rice straw management follows the basic principles of the circular economy.
Relationship Between Medical Personnels' Technical Behavior Attributes and Evaluation of Information Integration of Public Health Service Platform
Authors: Wu Zijian , Trigo Virginia , Zhang Manli
Published: May 2023

Background
The medical service cooperation model based on the regional public health information platform constructed with intelligent computing technology, thanks to the realization of information integration, promotes the sharing of cross-regional medical resources and business cooperation. In addition, through the intelligent calculation and analysis technology of integrated data, more accurate, specific, scientific and timely medical services can be offered to regional residents. Relevant studies have shown that differences in user personality attributes will affect user technology adoption and application behavior. Purpose: To explore whether Personal Innovativeness In Technology (PIIT) and Technology Characteristics Perception (TCP) affect individual cognition and evaluation of innovative technology. Method: This study selected doctors from hospitals in Guangdong Province that have established regional medical data platforms as the survey respondents. A total of 220 questionnaires were distributed to evaluate their PIIT and TCP levels and understand their cognition and evaluation of information integration. Results: Both PIIT and TCP play a positive affection on public health information integration.
Undercarboxylated OCN promotes chondrogenesis of brown adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells through Gprc6a
Authors: Du zhangzhen , Zhang Ke , Wang Yan , Fan Shuli
Published: May 2023

Background: The incidence of articular cartilage defects has significantly increased over the past few decades. Stem cell therapy treatment shows promise as an adjuvant to existing cartilage restoration techniques with improved short-term clinical outcomes and radiographic health of cartilage. Improving the ability of chondrogenesis of seed cells is an important link in the treatment of cartilage defects by tissue engineering. This study examined osteocalcin (OCN) changes during brown adipose stem cells (B-ADSCs) chondrogenesis.
Methods: Brown adipose tissue was harvested from the middle of two scapulae of three days old neonatal C57B6NL mice. qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunochemistry were used to assess differences in chondrogenesis markers. siRNA Gprc6a knockdown was used to assess whether undercarboxylated OCN (ucOCN) promotes chondrogenesis of B-ADSCs through Gprc6a.
Results: Our study verified that B-ADSCs could secrete ucOCN during chondrogenesis. Also, ucOCN, but not carboxylated OCN (cOCN), could prominently promote the expression levels of chondrogenesis markers (SOX9, COL2a1, and ACAN). Mechanistically, ucOCN promoted chondrogenesis of B-ADSCs through Gprc6a.
Conclusions: To sum up, ucOCN could promote chondrogenic differentiation of brown ADSCs through Gprc6a, which may provide a new strategy for applying stem cells in cartilage defect repair.
A New Residual Subsidence Prediction Method of Short Working Face Goaf for Safety Construction of Urban Viaduct
Authors: Li Huaizhan , Zhou Huaan , Guo Guangli , Dai Guangli , Liu Chao , Huang Cheng , Du Qiu , Yuan Yafei
Published: May 2023

The planned viaduct in Jining, Shandong is a priority project in the city, but the 63 working face of a mine in Jining is only 3m away from the planned viaduct, which poses the serios threat to safety construction of the viaduct. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the stability of the planned viaduct goaf area under the influence of 63 working face. However, the 63 working face is a short face, and the corresponding prediction of surface residual subsidence is lacking. For this purpose, the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were employed in this paper to reveal the foundation deformation mechanism and characteristics of fractured rock and soil mass of short goaf. It was concluded that the main source of residual subsidence was the stripping and yield softening of the coal wall on both sides of short goaf. Then, the residual subsidence prediction method of short goaf was proposed for viaduct mined-out area. The new method was applied to the planned viaduct of Jining, and the effectiveness of the method was proved by InSAR and leveling monitoring results. The research results provided the technical support for viaduct construction under the influence of underground mining.
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies contribute to airway inflammation via induction of neutrophil extracellular traps in children with bronchiolitis obliterans
Authors: Chen Xiaowen , Wu Shangzhi , Liu Zhenwei , Huang Zhanhang , Xu Jiaxing , Wu Zhongji , Li Hui , Li Hongwei , Chen Dehui
Published: May 2023

Objective: It was found that the level of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in children with bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) was increased and was related to the severity of the disease previously. This study aims to explore the mechanism of ANCA in the process of BO.
Methods: ANCA and components of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were detected in plasma from patients with BO (n=40) and age- and sex-matched healthy children (n=11). Plasma IgG was extracted from ANCA-positive BO children and normal controls to stimulate neutrophils, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NETs were detected. Small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) were treated directly with NETs of various concentrations. Cell viability was determined by CCK8, and secreted inflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA. The IgG treated neutrophils were co-cultured with SAECs and the levels of cytokines in the culture supernatants were detected by ELISA.
Results: The levels of ANCA and NETs components including dsDNA, neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the plasma of BO children were significantly higher than those of healthy controls. ANCA-positive IgG induced neutrophils produce ROS and NETs. The cell viability of SAECs was significantly reduced upon treatment with NETs in a concentration-dependent manner. The levels of IL-8, IL-17, TNF-α and TGF-β secreted by SAECs treated with NETs were increased significantly, and the degree of increase was positively correlated with the concentration of NETs. The co-culture of neutrophils stimulated by ANCA IgG with SAECs significantly increased the expression of cytokines including IL-8, IL-17, TNF-α and TGF-β.
Conclusions: NETs induced by ANCA may exacerbate airway inflammation in children with BO.
Experiences of Boosting Inpatient Exercise After Hip Fracture Surgery Using an Alternative Workforce - A Qualitative Study
Authors: Lau Benny Ka Fai , March Marie K. , Harmer Alison R. , Caruana Sarah , Mahony Christopher , Dennis Sarah
Published: May 2023

Background
Thrice-daily physiotherapy immediately following surgical repair of hip fracture has been shown to be safe and to reduce total hospital length of stay. However, implementing this is challenging with respect to health service funding and staffing. A novel approach may be to utilize an alternative workforce (allied health staff and student physiotherapists) to deliver two of the three daily treatments. However, how patients and staff may view such an approach is unknown. Thus, the aim of this qualitative study was to explore the views of inpatients with surgical repair of a hip fracture, their carers, health care professionals, and physiotherapy students about the implementation and acceptability of thrice-daily physiotherapy, with two sessions delivered by the alternative workforce (the BOOST study).
Methods
Semi-structured interviews and focus groups with patients, carers, health professionals and physiotherapy students. All interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were coded, and the data analysed via inductive thematic analysis.
Results
A total of 32 interviews were analysed. Five main themes were identified: (1) individual perceptions of the intervention: inpatients/carer/staff/student, (2) implementation within the service and organisational context, (3) implementation strategies that were effective, (4) improvements to implementation strategies/barriers to implementation/unsuccessful strategies and (5) future directions of BOOST.
Conclusions
The qualitative data revealed that higher frequency physiotherapy was well-received by inpatients and that staff/students involved in providing care perceived it as a safe, acceptable and valuable practice. Implementation of higher daily frequency of physiotherapy using an alternative workforce may feasibly be adopted for inpatients following hip fracture surgery.
Trial registration:
This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) of the Western Sydney Local Health District (2020/ETH02718). Mutual recognition of approval was subsequently obtained from Northern Sydney Local Health District HREC.
Time, momentum, and energy resolved pump-probe tunneling spectroscopy of two-dimensional electron systems
Authors: Ashoori Raymond , Yoo Heun Mo , Korkusinski Marek , Miravet Daniel , Baldwin Kirk , West Kenneth , Pfeiffer Loren , Hawrylak Pawel
Published: May 2023

Real-time probing of electrons can uncover intricate relaxation mechanisms and many-body interactions hidden in strongly correlated materials. While experimenters have used ultrafast optical pump-probe methods in bulk materials, laser heating and insensitivity below the surface prevent their application to encapsulated low-dimensional electron systems at millikelvin temperatures, home to numerous intriguing electronic phases. Here, we introduce time, momentum, and energy resolved pump-probe tunneling spectroscopy (Tr-MERTS). The method allows the injection of electrons at particular energies and observation of their subsequent decay in energy-momentum space. Using Tr-MERTS, we visualize electronic decay processes in Landau levels with lifetimes up to tens of microseconds. Although most observed features agree with simple energy-relaxation, we discover an unexpected splitting in the nonequilibrium energy spectrum in the vicinity of a ferromagnetic state. An exact diagonalization study of the system suggests that the splitting arises from a maximally spin-polarized higher energy state, distinct from a conventional equilibrium skyrmion. Furthermore, we observe time-dependent relaxation of the splitting, which we attribute to single-flipped spins forming topological spin textures. These results establish Tr-MERTS as a powerful tool for studying the dynamics and properties of a two-dimensional electronic system beyond equilibrium.
Unveiling the Potential of BaCe 0.55 Zr 0.3 Y 0.15 O 3-δ - Nd 1.5 Ba 1.5 CoFeMnO 9−δ (BCZY-NBCFM) Composite Cathodes for Improved IT-SOFC Efficiency
Authors: Ullah Abid , Hussain Basharat
Published: May 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Prevention of ventilation-associated pneumonia applying a functionalized endotracheal tube and photodynamic therapy: a proof of principle with an artificial intubation model
Authors: Zangirolami Amanda Cristina , Pingueiro Leandro Serillo , Rodrigues Fábio M. S. , Arnaut Luis G. , Pereira Mariette M. , Bagnato Vanderlei Salvador , Blanco Kate Cristina
Published: May 2023

Background
Biofilm in medical devices occurs with bacterial adherence through virulence factors by a favorable environment for their proliferation. The transfer of microbial cells from biofilm in endotracheal tube to lungs increases the chances of developing severe infections. This study aimed to optimize antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) by applying a curcumin-functionalized endotracheal tube in an artificial respiratory system avoiding bacterial and their dispersion in the respiratory system, adding a mechanical ventilator.
Methods
This model was built containing three components representing oropharynx, trachea, and lungs. ET-curc was inserted into the system's trachea followed by biofilm formation.
Results
Microbial migration from Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) biofilms to the left and right lungs were evaluated with and without mechanical ventilation. PDT was applied to ET-curc using a laser (450nm) and resulted in a total bacterial inactivation, avoiding microbial flow relationships from the upper to the lower air system. The effects indicated high effectiveness in bacterial biofilm inactivation and, consequently, in the prevention of their colonization in lungs.
Conclusion
The results indicated that PDT can be an excellent alternative to prevent the spread of infectious lung diseases by multidrug-resistant microorganisms in patients under mechanical ventilation and provide conditions for starting animal model experiments.
The Effect of Funneliformis mosseae and Biochar Against Verticillium dahliae in Pepper Plants under Salt Stress
Authors: GÜNEŞ Hasret , Demir Semra , DURAK Emre DEMİRER , Boyno Gökhan
Published: May 2023

Stress factors, both biotic and abiotic, serve a significant role in impairing the growth and productivity of many crops. This study investigated the effects of some enzyme activities, salt scale, disease severity, plant growth, and physiological characteristics of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi biochar (Bc) against Verticillium dahliae (Vd) in pepper plants grown under salt stress. In this study, 2% biochar, Funneliformis mosseae (Fm), Vd and different concentrations (0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM, 150 mM) of salt were applied to pepper. It was determined that the interaction of Fm and 2% Bc significantly increased the morphological parameters of the plant, and the plant tolerated salt and Vd under biotic (Vd) and abiotic (salt) combined high stress conditions. It was also shown that Fm had a different effect on membrane injury index (MII) (%) values than Bc, which had a significant effect on leaf relative water content (LRWC) (%) values. In addition, Vd increased mycorrhizal dependence, and the highest AMF spore density under Vd and salt stress conditions was recorded in Fm and Fm+Bc+150 mM applications, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest root colonization rates were obtained in Fm and Fm + 100 mM applications at 92% and 64%, respectively. On the other hand, the lowest disease severity index values were found in Fm + Vd treatments with 11.06% and 9.68% rates, respectively. In addition, phenol and antioxidant values varied in applications with Vd, while Fm decreased CAT enzyme activation. This study, thus, supports the positive effect of AMF + biochar interaction used in sustainable agriculture on protection against soil pathogen (V. dahliae) and salt stress.
Silica nanoparticles induce apoptosis via the unfolded protein response in NRK-52E cells and rat kidney
Authors: Liu Naimeng , Li Meng , Pang Huan , Tiantian Tian , Li Xinyue , Jin Minghua , Wu Hao , Qian Chuyue , Sun Mindan
Published: May 2023

Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have multiple applications, particularly in the field of biomedical science. However, SiNPs can cause a multitude of diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). The molecular mechanism of renal toxicity caused by SiNPs is complex and remains to be clarified. Therefore, we examined the role and mechanism of apoptosis via the unfolded protein response (UPR) induced by SiNPs. We utilized an in vitro model of NRK-52E cells and an in vivo rat model with SiNPs administered via tracheal drip. After the NRK-52E cells were exposed to SiNPs, cell viability decreased; the mitochondrial membrane potential, calcium content, reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis rate increased; and light microscopy revealed cell damage. Meanwhile, apoptosis, the UPR, and oxidative stress-related proteins were all increased in NRK-52E cells. Moreover, an increase in the concentration of SiNPs was positively correlated with renal damage, as detected by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. As the SiNP concentration increased, apoptosis, the UPR, and oxidative stress-related proteins increased and the activity of antioxidant enzymes decreased in rat kidney. We conclude that the UPR plays a key role in apoptosis induced by SiNPs in the kidney.
Tissue-specific transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal candidate genes for lignan biosynthesis in the medicinal plant Schisandra sphenanthera
Authors: Sun Boshi , Wang Peng , Guan Meng , Jia Entong , Li Qian , Li Jun , Zhou Ziyun , Ma Pengda
Published: May 2023

Schisandra sphenanthera is an very important medicinal plant, and its main medicinal component is bioactive lignans, which has been developed over the years as an important cash crop in the central mountainous. The S. sphenanthera fruit has the characteristics of food and medicine homology, which is favored by the majority consumers, but the root, stem, and leaf are not fully used. Furthermore, the genetic characteristics of S. sphenanthera are rarely understood, thus hindering the study of functional genome and lignan biosynthesis. To better understand the lignan metabolic pathway, transcriptome and metabolome analysises were performed on four major tissues in S. sphenanthera. As a consequence, 167,972,229 transcripts and 91,215,760 unigenes with an average length of 752 bp were identified. Tissue-specific gene analysis revealed that the abundance of unique unigenes was highest in roots (9, 703), and lowest in leaves (189). Transcription factor analysis showed that MYB-, bHLH- and ERF-transcription factors, which played important roles in the regulation of secondary metabolism, showed rich expression patterns and may be involved in the regulation of the lignan metabolic processes. In the different tissues, lignans were preferentially enriched in fruits and roots by the genes expression profiles related to lignan metabolism and lignan compounds relative content. Furthermore, schisandrin B was found to be an important compound in S. sphenanthera. According to WGCNA analysis, PAL1, C4H-2, CAD1, CYB8, OMT27, OMT57, MYB8, bHLH3, and bHLH5 could be related to the accumulation of lignans in S. sphenanthera fruits, CCR5, SDH4, CYP8, CYP20 and ERF7 could be related to the accumulation of lignans in S. sphenanthera roots. In this study, the transcriptome sequencing and targeted metabolic analysis of lignins that will lay a foundation for further study of biosynthetic genes of lignin and other natural products in S. sphenanthera, and also provided a new idea for the rational utilization of different tissues of S. sphenanthera.
Investigating the Health Status of Transgender Individuals Referred to Forensic Medicine Center in 2021: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Iran
Authors: Heshmatnia Fatemeh , Jafari Maryam , Sayadi Mehrab , Yadollahi Parvin , Azizi Marzieh , Karimi Mahdieh , Ghaemi Seyede Zahra , Rahmanian Fatemeh
Published: May 2023

Background & Aim
This study aimed to determine health status of Iranian transgender people who referred to Forensic Medicine Center in order to provide equal and accessible health services to transgender people.
Materials and methods
As part of this cross-sectional study, 200 transsexuals (106 transgender men/TM, 94 transgender women/TW) from Fars Province, Iran, completed a questionnaire including 24 items on socio-demography and health status in 2021. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16, and also Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used for the data analysis. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
The gender identity age distribution was significantly different between TW and TM (P = 0.004). Women were significantly more likely to engage in unprotected intercourse than men (p = 0.001), but perceived financial, medical, and social barriers were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, women reported more family obstacles than men (P = 0.006).
Conclusion
Both women and men have experienced equal financial, medical, and social challenges in the health system, but women face more constraints in their family lives.
Mechanistic inhibition of human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer and DNA polymerase theta receptor by natural Apigenin derivatives: An extensive drug design and computational approach
Authors: Akash Shopnil , Bayıl Imren , Hossain Md. Saddam , Islam Md. Rezaul , Hosen Md. Eram , Mekonnen Amare Bitew , Nafidi Hiba-Allah , Jardan Yousef A. Bin , Bourhia Mohammed
Published: May 2023

The present study deals with the advancedin-silicoanalyses of several Apigenin derivatives to explorehuman papillomavirus-associated cervicalcancerand DNA polymerase theta inhibitor propertiesby molecular docking, molecular dynamics, QSAR, drug-likeness, PCA, a dynamic cross-correlation matrix and quantum calculation properties. Initially, the literature study revealed that Apigenin has potent antimicrobial and anticancer properties. So, their potential derivatives are picked up to determinehuman papillomavirus-associated cervicalcancerand DNA polymerase theta inhibitor properties. The findings were streamlined by exposing the in silico molecular docking, highlighting that all the Apigenin derivatives exhibit prospective interactions of energy binding with targeted proteins. The Apigenin 4'-O-Rhamnoside and Apigenin-4'-Alpha-L-Rhamnoside were more potent against HPV45 oncoprotein E7 (PDB ID 2EWL), where the Apigenin and Apigenin 5-O-Beta-D-Glucopyranoside showed significant binding energy against L1 protein of human. Similarly, the binding affinity range is achieved from -7.5 kcal/mol to -8.8 kcal/mol against DNA polymerase theta, representing that Apigenin derivatives should inhibit the DNA polymerase theta (PDB ID 8E23). Then, this finding was confirmed by molecular dynamic simulation at 100ns and analysis of different parameters such as RMSD, RMSF, SASA, H-bond, and RoG profiles and it is found that our selected compounds were found to be potentially stable. When stability testing is passed, the ADMET, pharmacokinetics, and drug-likeness properties are screened and fulfilled by all the criteria. Moreover, QSAR, PCA, Dynamic cross-correlation matrix, and quantum calculation were also conducted and the outcome was satisfied. As this study was carried out usingin silicocomputational approaches and obtained outstanding results. So, to validate these results, further wet-lab experiments might be carried out underin vivoandin vitroconditions.
A nomogram to predict intracranial hypertension in moderate traumatic brain injury patients
Authors: Li Zhihong , Xu Feifei , Zhang Taihui , Zhao Baocheng , Cai Yaning , Yang Haigui , Li Dongbo , Chen Mingsheng , Zhao Tianzhi , Zhang Xingye , Ge Shunnan , Zhao Lanfu , Qu Yan
Published: May 2023

Objective: patients with moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) are under the threat of intracranial hypertension(IHT), which is an important cause of death and unfavorable outcome of TBI patients. However, it is unclear which moderate TBI patients will develop IHT and when to receive ICP-lowering treatment or even invasive ICP monitoring after admission. The purpose of the present study was to develop and validate a prediction model that estimates the risk of IHT in moderate TBI patients with lower GCS (9-11) by admission data.
Methods: baseline data collected on admission of 296 moderate TBI patients with GCS score of 9-11 were collected and analyzed. Multi-variable logistic regression modeling with backward stepwise elimination was used to develop a prediction model for IHT. The discrimination efficacy, calibration efficacy, and clinical utility of the prediction model were evaluated. Finally, the prediction model was validated in a separate cohort of 74 patients from 3 hospitals.
Results: four independent prognostic factors for IHT were identified: GCS score of 9, Marshall diffuse injury type IV and nonevacuated mass lesion, ISS≥18and location of contusion (frontal and temporal contusion). A prediction model was established and shown as a nomogram. The C-statistic of the prediction model in internal validation was 84.30% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.794–0.892). External validation was performed in a separate cohort of 85 patients. The area under the curve for the prediction model was 82.70% (95% CI: 0.726~0.928).
Conclusions: A prediction model based on patient parameters collected on admission was found to be highly sensitive in distinguishing moderate TBI patients with lower GCS score of 9-11 who would suffer IHT. The high discriminative ability of the prediction model supports its use in identifying moderate TBI patients with lower GCS score of 9-11 who need ICP-lowering therapy or invasive ICP monitoring.
Predictors for Health-seeking Behavior in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study from Pakistan
Authors: Jafree Sara Rizvi , Naveed Ammara , Ahsan Humna , Burhan Syeda Khadija , Khawar Amna , Khan Masha Asad , Fischer Florian
Published: May 2023

Background
Pakistan has one of the highest rates of chronic liver disease (CLD) burden in the world. Poor and underserved patients of CLD in the country may suffer from limited health-seeking behaviors, but there is not much research in this area. The aim of this study is to identify the factors influencing health-seeking behaviors in CLD patients to better plan support for these patients.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study. Data was collected over a four-month period from May 2022 to August 2022. A total of 850 patients visiting the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre were part of the study. We used correlation tests and multivariate logistic regression to investigate the relationship between the health-seeking behavior and the independent study domains (economic stability, health literacy, social support, experiencing grief, mental health, healthcare service quality, and coping strategies).
Results
Main results suggest that patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, non-viral liver disease, and cirrhosis have less health-seeking behavior, compared to patient with chronic viral hepatitis. Multivariate logistic regression results reveal that the following groups have lower odds for health-seeking behavior: (i) illiterate people; (ii) those living in rented homes; (iii) those belonging to nuclear families; and (iv) those with low monthly household income. The following study domains also show lower odds for health-seeking behavior: (i) health illiteracy; (ii) low health service quality; (iii) low ability to use coping strategies; (iv) grief; (v) lack of social support; (vi) mental health challenges; and (vii) economic instability.
Conclusions
Our study highlights that the majority of CLD patients are poor, illiterate, or semi-literate and in urgent need of holistic care with respect to health literacy, mental health counseling, financial help, and improved support from provider and families. This is only possible through the integration of social policy officers and social workers in the tertiary health sector of the country.