bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parallel frequency-domain detection of molecular affinity kinetics by single nanoparticle plasmon sensors
Authors: Xie Hao , Yu Minghuai , Xing Ruiqing , Wang Cheng , Ye Weixiang
Published: December 2022

Based on frequency-domain optical measurement using single nanoparticle plasmon sensors (NanoSPR), a versatile multiplex molecular affinity kinetics detection method is proposed. To improve the detection precision and throughput, a single-color imaging NanoSPR method (SI-NanoSPR) is used to obtain the light scattering signals of thousands of gold nanorod sensors over time under the configuration of a total internal reflection dark-field microscope. The frequency-domain power spectral density analysis of the fluctuation signal extracts the characteristic frequency fc, by which the molecular affinity kinetics manifest the identifiable measurand. By measuring the kinetics of two different aptameric affinity systems in the same microscope field of view, the obtained equilibrium dissociation constants (KD values) are demonstrated to be in agreement with previous studies, which were measured by traditional techniques. We expect that our NanoSPR method may pave the way for a deeper understanding of the physiological essence of biological affinity systems by accurately quantifying multiple affinity constants. The high-throughput biosensing potential is of great significance in further biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.
Low-order models for a circular hydraulic jump on a spherical cap
Authors: Mogilevskiy E. , Smirnov K.
Published: December 2022

In this work, we analyze the flow of a thin layer of viscous liquid over the outer surface of a sphere due to inertia and gravity. We use the classical problem of a circular hydraulic jump as a starting point and observe the changes in the flow structure as the gravity component along the surface becomes significant. We assume that the flow is stationary and axisymmetric, the curvature of the spherical surface is small, and the capillary forces are negligible. The depth-averaged thin-layer equations describe the flow. We perform a qualitative analysis using a one-parametric representation of the longitudinal velocity distribution and find the necessary conditions for the hydraulic jump existence. The intensity of the jump monotonically decreases, and its radius grows to a certain finite value. The jump vanishes at a finite distance from the axis of symmetry. Using a two-parametric representation, we locate zones of recirculating flow and find the condition of their existence. We find the optimal strategy of averaging by comparing the results of our calculations with the data obtained experimentally and by using simulations in the framework of the full Navier–Stokes equations.
Proper normalization removes nonlocal behavior of canonical-based thermodynamic entropy expressions
Authors: Peters Michael H.
Published: December 2022

Equilibrium, canonical based expressions of entropy are known to exhibit non-local effects that can complicate statistical mechanical formulations and applications. Here, we demonstrate that proper normalization of the underlying probability density functions can remove non-local effects in entropy. Our analysis is carried out through third order in density function expansions and lead to results consistent with macroscopic thermodynamics, as required. In addition, we provide complete expressions for smaller dimensional systems that may not conform to the thermodynamic limit.
A Perspective on ferroelectricity in hafnium oxide: Mechanisms and considerations regarding its stability and performance
Authors: Ihlefeld Jon F. , Jaszewski Samantha T. , Fields Shelby S.
Published: December 2022

Ferroelectric hafnium oxides are poised to impact a wide range of microelectronic applications owing to their superior thickness scaling of ferroelectric stability and compatibility with mainstream semiconductors and fabrication processes. For broad-scale impact, long-term performance and reliability of devices using hafnia will require knowledge of the phases present and how they vary with time and use. In this Perspective article, the importance of phases present on device performance is discussed, including the extent to which specific classes of devices can tolerate phase impurities. Following, the factors and mechanisms that are known to influence phase stability, including substituents, crystallite size, oxygen point defects, electrode chemistry, biaxial stress, and electrode capping layers, are highlighted. Discussions will focus on the importance of considering both neutral and charged oxygen vacancies as stabilizing agents, the limited biaxial strain imparted to a hafnia layer by adjacent electrodes, and the strong correlation of biaxial stress with resulting polarization response. Areas needing additional research, such as the necessity for a more quantitative means to distinguish the metastable tetragonal and orthorhombic phases, quantification of oxygen vacancies, and calculation of band structures, including defect energy levels for pure hafnia and stabilized with substituents, are emphasized.
Active rejection-enhancement of spectrally tunable liquid crystal geometric phase vortex coronagraphs
Authors: Kravets Nina , Mur Urban , Ravnik Miha , Žumer Slobodan , Brasselet Etienne
Published: December 2022

Geometric phase optical elements made of space-variant anisotropic media customarily find their optimal operating conditions when a half-wave retardance condition is fulfilled, which allows imparting polarization-dependent changes to an incident wavefront. In practice, intrinsic limitations of a man-made manufacturing process or a finite spectrum of a light source lead to a deviation from the ideal behavior. This implies an implementation of strategies to compensate for the associated efficiency losses. Here, we report on how the intrinsic tunable features of self-engineered liquid crystal topological defects can be used to enhance rejection capabilities of spectrally tunable vector vortex coronagraphs. We also discuss the extent of which current models enable to design efficient devices. The simplicity and decent performance of our approach offer the possibility to an amateur astronomy community to consider the use of vortex coronography.
Grain boundary-driven magnetism in aluminum nitride
Authors: Shi Zhiming , Zang Hang , Ma Xiaobao , Yang Yuxin , Jiang Ke , Chen Yang , Jia Yuping , Sun Xiaojuan , Li Dabing
Published: December 2022

Introducing magnetism into III-nitrides to achieve diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) is promising to broaden the applications of III-nitrides. The most popular technique is doping transition metals; however, these structural imperfections are unstable due to significant lattice incompatibility with the host. As a result, the fabrication of high-quality samples is quite difficult through the current growth techniques. Therefore, realizing intrinsic and robust magnetism in III-nitrides is quite desirable. Here, we adapted aluminum nitride as the example to theoretically predict the stable magnetism driven by the ubiquitous grain boundaries (GBs). The magnetism strongly depends on GBs tilt angles. These GBs cores contain homo-elemental bonds antiferromagnetically coupled at high tilt angles (>16.7°) due to the short coupling distances. The Tc was as high as 293 K at the tilt angle of 32.2°. Importantly, the magnetism induced by GBs is robust regarding carrier doping and strain, implying stable magnetism under working conditions. Our results provided a feasible and flexible approach to convert III-nitride into a wide-gap DMS by engineering the topological GBs.
The identity of Hapalotis personata Krefft, 1867 (Muridae, Rattus) from Cape York, Queensland.
Authors: Mahoney J. A.
Published: December 2022

Syntypes of Hapalotis personata Krefft, 1867 are discussed and identified as belonging to Rattus leucopus (Gray), i.e. to the species named Acanthomys leucopus by Gray in 1867 and Mus terraereginae by Alston in 1879. A lectotype is designated for Hapalotis personata Krefft. Hapalotis personata Krefft and Acanthomys leucopus Gray were proposed simultaneously in part 2 of Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1867. Because the name leucopus Gray, 1867 is in current use it is designated to be senior in synonymy to personata Krefft, 1867. The first available name for leucopus Gray, 1867 is personata Krefft, 1867.
Maternal and juvenile behaviour in the marsupial jerboa, Antechinomys spenceri (Dasyuridae).
Authors: Happold M.
Published: December 2022

Observations were made on the development of a litter of Antechinomys spenceri, and on the behaviour of these young and their mother. lnfanthood can be divided into four natural periods which are distinguished on the basis of sensory and motor capacities, important mother-young interactions, and patterns of social behaviour. These are described and a comparison is made with other dasyurid marsupials.
Some aspects of the genetics of Australian marsupials, with an appendix on the genetics of monotremes.
Authors: Cooper D. W.
Published: December 2022

Except for their cytogenetics, marsupials have not been studied genetically until the last decade. This paper discusses various aspects of their genetics, excluding cytogenetics. (1) The choice of the best experimental animal is still uncertain. So far most work has been done on kangaroos of the genus Macropus, the brush-tailed possum Trichosurus vulpecula, and the potoroo, Potorus tridactylus. However, small dasyurids like Sminthopsis crassicaudata and Dasyuroides byrnei seem to have the most potential. (2) A brief summary is given of the genetic analysis of field data, particularly mother-pouch young combinations. (3) A comprehensive list of all the known biochemical polymorphisms is presented, together with some brief notes on their use to date in the analysis of speciation and population structure. ( 4) Sex chromosome behaviour in marsupials is discussed. Kangaroos appear to have paternal X-inactivation rather than the random X-inactivation characteristic of eutherians. The evidence for this hypothesis is summarized and possible exceptions to it noted. Mention is made of X and Y elimination in bandicoots. (5) The potential of marsupial cells for use in cell biology and somatic cell genetics is stressed, with a table giving characteristics of marsupial cell lines. (6) A summary of the little that is known of monotreme genetics is included in an appendix.
The occurrence of the native rodent, Pseudomys gracilicaudatus (Gould, 1845) [Rodentia: Muridae], in New South Wales.
Authors: Mahoney J. A. , Posamentier H.
Published: December 2022

Morphological and habitat data are given for four specimens of Pseudomys gracilicaudatus (Gould) caught at Bonny Hills and Brisbane Water National Park, New South Wales in 1971-1974. The generic identity, distribution and ecology of that species are discussed. The skulls of the holotype and an individual of P. gracilicaudatus from Brisbane Water National Park are illustrated.
The evolution and significance of mastication in the Macropodidae.
Authors: Sanson G. D.
Published: December 2022

NA
Nests of the feathertail glider, Acrobates pygmaeus (Burramyidae: Marsupialia), from Sydney, New South Wales
Authors: Fanning F. D.
Published: December 2022

NA
Vegetation and small mammals of a Victorian forest.
Authors: Gullan P. K. , Robinson A. C.
Published: December 2022

The floristic vegetation communities and small mammal populations have been surveyed for the 1600 ha of tall open forest in Sherbrooke Forest, Victoria. This was done by intensive live trapping of a 5 ha square of forest, followed by a floristic description and analysis of the vegetation, on the trapping grid and for the forest as a whole. Of the three small mammal species trapped, Rattus fuscipes was the most numerous on the trapping grid. Its numbers, although fluctuating greatly, were generally low in gully vegetation dominated by coarse pteridophytes, and high in vegetation comprising a variety of mesophytic herbs and an abundance of seed and fleshy-fruit producing angiosperms. Two Antechinus spp. were trapped and both consistently occurred in greatest abundance in vegetation dominated by pteridophytes, particularly tree-ferns. The use of this procedure in estimating small mammal densities over large areas is discussed.
Quantitative aspects of brain morphology in Macroderma gigas (Megadermatidae, Chiroptera).
Authors: Pirlot P. , Nelson J.
Published: December 2022

The volumes of eleven structures in the brain of Macroderma gigas were calculated and compared with the volumes of the same structures in some insectivorous and carnivorous microchiropterans. On the basis of this brain morphology, Macroderma gigas is intermediate between insectivorous microchiropterans and the carnivorous species from South America.
Petaurus abidi, a new species of glider (Marsupialia: Petauridae) from Papua New Guinea.
Authors: Ziegler A. C.
Published: December 2022

A new large marsupial glider, Petaurus abidi, from the Torricelli Mountains of northwestern coastal Papua New Guinea is described and figured, and morphologically compared with the three species of the genus previously known. The new form differs from both named races of the generally larger P. australis primarily in possession of a well developed dark mid-dorsal head-and-back stripe, an unelongated ear, noticeably smaller claws, a longer narrower palate, and greater maxillary dental measurements. It differs from P. breviceps and P. norfolcensis primarily by being larger in all cranial and dental measurements, as well as in essentially all external dimensions. However, similarities in colouration and pattern, in ear and claw proportions, and in various skull characters, as well as, to some extent, biogeographical considerations, suggest the new species' closest intrageneric relationship is with one of these two smaller species. The colloquial name recommended for this new species is Northern Glider.
Genetic differentiation between Pseudomys pilligaensis and related Pseudomys
Authors: Briscoe D. A. , Fox B. J. , lngleby S.
Published: December 2022

Electrophoretic evidence for the specific status, and relationship to other Pseudomys, of P. pilligaensis is presented. Two enzyme systems out of twenty-seven are diagnostic of the species. Estimates of genetic difference between species indicate that P. pilligaensis forms a triad with P. delicatulus and P. novaehollandiae, more distantly related to P. hermannsburgensis and P. australis.
A comparison of skull morphology in the marsupial bandicoot genus lsoodon: its taxonomic implications and notes on a new species, lsoodon arnhemensis.
Authors: Lyne A. G. , Mort P. A.
Published: December 2022

A series of 763 skulls of the genus Isoodon, comprising all known forms from Australia and Papua New Guinea, has been examined in order to review the taxonomy of the group. Original type descriptions of all forms (species and subspecies) have been compared with our findings and a new species, Isoodon arnhemensis, is described from Cape Arnhem, Northern Territory. Particular attention has been given to a large series of skulls of lsoodon macrourus which were collected at this laboratory in the course of other studies. This series includes many skulls of animals bred in captivity and of known or estimated age, which were used in growth studies, as well as skulls of wild animals. The skulls were assigned to dental age classes based on tooth eruption, replacement and wear. The captive diet caused considerable damage to the skulls and teeth of some animals caged indoors for more than two years. Anatomical features as well as measurements were used to compare the various forms which we consider belong to the following seven species: I. obesulus – New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania (including West Sister Island, Bass Strait), South Australia and Western Australia; I. macrourus – New South Wales, Queensland, Western Australia, Northern Territory and Papua New Guinea ; I. nauticus – Nuyts Archipelago (South Australia); I. peninsulae – Queensland; I. auratus – Western Australia, Northern Territory and South Australia; I. barrowensis – Barrow Island (Western Australia) ; I. arnhemensis n. sp. – Northern Territory.
Description of Pseudomys novaehollandiae burrows located with radioisotopes
Authors: Kemper C.
Published: December 2022

NA
Calling behaviour of the Yellow-bellied Glider, Petaurus australis Shaw (Marsupialia: Petauridae).
Authors: Kavanagh R. P. , Rohan-Jones W. G.
Published: December 2022

Vocalizations of the Yellow-bellied Glider, Petaurus australis, were studied at Nadgee State Forest, near Eden, New South Wales. Six basic call types were recognized aurally and shown to have characteristic sonographs. Several short primary call components of high energy and relatively pure frequencies were identified. These were combined with medium frequency bands of lower energy to form calls of longer duration. High calling rates occurred early in the night and were associated with time of emergence from hollows, periods of gliding and food searching. During the months August to May, the pattern was similar. Calls were heard throughout the night but calling frequency declined after midnight. In June and July, few or no calls were heard. Reasons for the differential calling rate and the functions of various call types are discussed.
A hair sampling tube for the detection of small and medium-sized mammals.
Authors: Winnett G. , Degabriele R.
Published: December 2022

NA
Food of the platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus (Monotremata: Ornithorhynchidae) from various water bodies in New South Wales.
Authors: Grant T. R.
Published: December 2022

NA
Size, seasonal weight change and growth in Platypuses, Ornithorhynchus anatinus (Monotremata: Ornithorhynchidae), from rivers and lakes of New South Wales.
Authors: Grant T. R. , Temple-Smith P. D.
Published: December 2022

Platypuses captured in various water bodies in New South Wales were weighed and measured. There was considerable variation in both weights and lengths of animals measured from the different localities, with those from the Murrumbidgee River being larger than those from any other area. Mean lengths of adult males ranged between 53.3 ± 4.0 cm for individuals from Childowla on the Murrumbidgee River to 46.4 ± 0.5 cm for individuals from the Barnard River, while adult female mean lengths ranged between 47.6 ± 0.4 cm to 40.1 ± 0.2 cm for animals from the same localities. In some areas there was significant variation in weights with seasons, with either males or females losing weight in winter and gaining it during the following summer and early autumn. The highest mean weights for both males and females were again those for animals from Childowla (in February), being 2115 ± 95.7 g and 1398 ± 34.8 g respectively. Juvenile Platypuses emerged from nesting burrows around February in the Shoalhaven River at 81-88% of adult length, and 56-67% of adult weight for that month. After an initial spurt between February and April, growth was retarded in these animals during winter. Juvenile females grew rapidly during their first spring and reached adult size by the following January. Juvenile males also grew during this period but did not reach full adult size by this month. They were still recognisable as subadults using spur morphology. Possible reasons for the observed differences in size between areas are discussed.
Observations on long-eared bats (Vespertilionidae: Nyctophilus) from Northern Australia.
Authors: Churchill S. K. , Hall L. S. , Helman P. M.
Published: December 2022

Information on identification and capture site is provided for long-eared bats (Nyctophilus) captured during a field trip across northern Australia from April to December, 1981. Distribution maps are provided for N. walkeri, N. arnhemensis and N. bifax based on previous records and specimens caught during this study. Nyctophilus walkeri, once thought to be taxonomically insecure, was found to be a distinctive species. Nyctophilus bifax was recorded from a large number of sites and its distribution was extended 650 km south in Western Australia and 550 km south in eastern Australia. Nyctophilus geoffroyi was found to be widespread and its distribution was extended 150 km north in the Northern Territory. No specimens referrable to N. timorensis were recorded. An unidentified species was recorded at Mt. Leyshon, Queensland. It most closely resembles N. gouldi but further studies are desirable. Tables on external and skull measurements for all species are given a long with diagrams of noseleaves and bacula. A key using external features is provided for northern Australian long-eared bats.
Response to variations in lighting schedules on the circadian activity rhythms in Sminthopsis macroura froggatti (Marsurpialia: Dasyuridae) .
Authors: O'Reilly H. M. , Armstrong S. M. , Coleman G. J .
Published: December 2022

The response of Sminthopsis macroura froggatti to alterations in the light-dark cycle was studied in residential mazes that continuously monitored activity. Under a 12: 12 LD cycle S. m. froggatti displayed a predominately nocturnal activity pattern. Most animals spent considerable periods of the light phase in the nest boxes, with only occasional visits to other areas of the mazes. At dark onset there commenced intense activity concentrated mainly in the food and running wheel arms. There was an activity peak early in the dark , with declining levels thereafter. All animals entrained to a phase delay of the LD cycle by delaying the onset of activity each clay until it coincided with lights-out. Rapid entrainment to a reversed photoperiod was achieved within 5 days by phase-delaying activity onset. This species (except for one animal) did not show any unusual variations in the circadian pattern of activity in various LD cycles although there was some evidence for lability in the entrained activity rhythms.
Urine urea concentrations in Rattus fuscipes.
Authors: Magnusson W. E.
Published: December 2022

NA
Echolocation calls of fourteen bats from eastern New South Wales.
Authors: Woodside D. P. , Taylor K. J.
Published: December 2022

The echolocation calls of fourteen species of insectivorous bats were recorded and analysed to obtain a suit of call descriptors for use in field identification of bats. Measurements relating to frequency and duration of the calls can be used to discriminate species only when a large number of calls are sampled and when mean values for each measurements and species are used. Some overlap between calls of certain species leads to considerable ambiguity in identification. Clarification is possible, however, when both the pattern of frequency change over time for each call and the pattern of pulses in each call sequence are also considered. All FM-bats are similar in that the bandwidth of their calls typically spans one octave. Similarities in a whole suite of call characteristics occur among bats of different taxonomic groups and are more likely to represent ecological relationships among species than phylogenetic ones.
Observations on the prevalence and possible infection source of Toxocara pteropodis (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea) in Queensland flying-foxes.
Authors: Prociv P.
Published: December 2022

The ascaridoid nematode, Toxocara pteropodis, was found in all four Australian Pteropus species. Its eggs were recovered in large numbers from foliage in a coastal flying fox camp, and presumably this is where adult bats acquire infection. In Pteropus poliocephalus, northern P. alecto and P. conspicillatus, the nematode is maintained by a seasonally recurring life cycle. Adult P. scapulatus are exposed to infection when they share camps with these coastal species in late summer, but this species is probably unable to maintain the parasite in its own populations. The prevalence in southern P. alecto may be lower than in other coastal groups.
Twin foetuses from an Australian sea lion, Neophoca cinerea (Carnivora: Otariidae).
Authors: King J. K.
Published: December 2022

NA
Distribution, habitat and status of the yellow-bellied glider, Petaurus australis Shaw (Marsupialia: Petauridae) in northeastern New South Wales.
Authors: Mackowski C. M.
Published: December 2022

NA
Faecal synthesis of vitamin 8 12 in Australian Pteropus species (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae).
Authors: Prociv P. , Tracey R. A.
Published: December 2022

In Australian Pteropus spp. coprophagy has not been observed but is likely because of its suspected key role in the life cycle of Toxocara pteropodis. To determine the potential nutritional benefits of faecal ingest ion, vitamin B12 was assayed in the faeces of captive Pteropus spp. at 0, 10 and 20 days after passage, as well as in samples collected under roost si tes and from the recta of animals collected in the field. Faecal specimens kept under warm, humid conditions for 10 days had significant levels of B12 but negligible quantities were recovered from similar samples kept under colder, dry conditions. It is concluded that intentional or accidental coprophagy in summer could contribute substanti ally to the maintenance vitamin B12 requirements of Australian Pteropus spp.
Pteropus poliocephalus (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) in New South Wales.
Authors: Parry-Jones K.
Published: December 2022

NA
Aspects of the ecology of spectacled flying-foxes, Pteropus conspicillatus, (chiroptera: pteropodidae) in tropical Queensland.
Authors: Richards G. C.
Published: December 2022

NA
Notes on the bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) of Australian Megachiroptera (Pteropodidae).
Authors: Allison F. R.
Published: December 2022

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Flying-fox (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) on the north coast of New South Wales: damage to stonefruit crops and control methods.
Authors: Fleming P. J. S. , Robinson D.
Published: December 2022

NA
Distribution, populations and status of the Orange Horseshoe Bat, Rhinonicteris aurantius (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae).
Authors: Churchill S. K. , Helman P. M. , Hall L. S.
Published: December 2022

Rhinonicteris aurantius represents a monotypic and endemic Australian genus. Records for this species and the results of field observations in 1981 and 1983 are used to describe many known colonies and several new ones. Roost requirements, colony numbers and observed behaviour are used to reassess the status of this species which was previously regarded as widespread and common (Parker 1973). It is now considered that this bat is both rare and vulnerable to further decline.
The distribution and status of macropods (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory.
Authors: Press A. J.
Published: December 2022

This study was undertaken to establish the status and distribution of macropods in Kakadu National Park. The study utilised the knowledge of the traditional Aboriginal owners of the park and collected information from field surveys, literature and personal communications. Distribution maps are given and species status is assessed . Macropus agilis, M. antilopinus and M. bernardus are common in Kakadu, although M. bernardus has a restricted distribution. M. robustus is not as common as the other species of Macropus and has a restricted distribution. Petrogale brachyotis is locally abundant while Peradorcas concinna is scarce; both species have restricted distributions. Onychogalea unguifera has been recorded infrequently, and there is only one record of Lagorchestes conspicillatus from Kakadu.
Food preference of the echidna, Tachyglossus aculeatus (Monotremata: Tachyglossidae), in the wheatbelt of Western Australia.
Authors: Abensperg-Traun M. A.
Published: December 2022

Forty faeces samples of Tachyglossus aculeatus were collected for analysis from 10 haphazardly selected hollow logs of Eucalyptus salmonophloia (Salmon Gum) and E. wandoo (Wandoo) in two reserves in the wheat belt of Western Australia. The frequency of occurrence of termite species of the study area was determined by sampling the soil, mounds and dead surface wood; soldier-to-worker ratios were visually estimated at sampling sites. The ant fauna was assessed by pitfall trapping. The ratio of Formicidae to Isoptera numbers was 30% to 70%. No faeces samples contained 100% of either Formicidae or Isoptera. Nasutitermitinae (Tumulitermes, Nasutitermes, Occasitermes) accounted for 80% of all the isopteran soldier material (total numbers) and were found in 97% of the samples. Drepanotermes, Schedorhinotermes, Amitermes, Coptotermes and Termes accounted for the remaining 20% of total numbers ingested (soldiers only). Soldier-to-worker ratios at artifical breaks ranged from means of 20:1 for nasute genera to 1:30 for Termes. Relative differences in that ratio between termite genera were apparently maintained by T. aculeatus, and all abundant termite species occurred in the diet. The predominant Formicidae size group preyed on was 2-10 mm long, with 85% of individuals in the lower range of that size category. Large Formicidae (> 10 mm) were absent from the faeces, while small Formicidae (< 2 mm) occurred in low numbers. Species of Iridomyrmex 2-4 mm long accounted for > 75% of Formicidae numbers in pitfall traps. The data suggest that T. aculeatus may forage opportunistically, ingesting prey in proportions as encountered.
Assortative mating on blood type: Evidence from one million Chinese pregnancies
Authors: Hou Yao , Tang Ke , Wang Jingyuan , Xie Danxia , Zhang Hanzhe
Published: December 2022

Blood type is one of the most fundamental phenotypes in biological, medical, and psychological studies. Using a unique dataset of one million Chinese pregnancies, we find strong evidence from a group of statistical tests for assortative mating on blood type. After controlling for anthropometric and socioeconomic confounders, assortative mating remains robust.
Multicomponent odd-parity superconductivity in UAu
2
at high pressure
Authors: O’Neill Christopher D. , Schmehr Julian L. , Huxley Andrew D.
Published: December 2022

We report that high-quality single crystals of the hexagonal heavy fermion material uranium diauride (UAu
2
) become superconducting at pressures above 3.2 GPa, the pressure at which an unusual antiferromagnetic state is suppressed. The antiferromagnetic state hosts a marginal fermi liquid and the pressure evolution of the resistivity within this state is found to be very different from that approaching a standard quantum phase transition. The superconductivity that appears above this transition survives in high magnetic fields with a large critical field for all field directions. The critical field also has an unusual angle dependence suggesting that the superconductivity may have an order parameter with multiple components. An order parameter consistent with these observations is predicted to host half-quantum vortices (HQVs). Such vortices can be topologically entangled and have potential applications in quantum computing.
Clipping EpCAM to release Claudin-7 for the greater good of the epithelial barrier
Authors: Varadarajan Saranyaraajan , Raya-Sandino Arturo , Nusrat Asma
Published: December 2022

Maintenance of epithelial barrier function requires dynamic repair and remodeling of tight junctions. In this issue, Higashi et al. (2022. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202204079) demonstrate that the proteolytic cleavage of EpCAM by membrane-anchored serine proteinases releases Claudin-7 to join tight junctions, suggesting a novel mechanism that couples sensing with repair of damaged tight junctions.
An α–π transition in S6 shapes the conformational cycle of the bacterial sodium channel NavAb
Authors: Choudhury Koushik , Howard Rebecca J. , Delemotte Lucie
Published: December 2022

Voltage-gated sodium channels play an important role in electrical signaling in excitable cells. In response to changes in membrane potential, they cycle between nonconducting and conducting conformations. With recent advances in structural biology, structures of sodium channels have been captured in several distinct conformations, which are thought to represent different functional states. However, it has been difficult to capture the intrinsically transient open state. We recently showed that a proposed open state of the bacterial sodium channel NavMs was not conductive and that a conformational change involving a transition to a π-helix in the pore-lining S6 helix converted this structure into a conducting state. However, the relevance of this structural feature in other sodium channels, and its implications for the broader gating cycle, remained unclear. Here, we propose a comparable open state of another class of bacterial channel from Aliarcobacter butzleri (NavAb) with characteristic pore hydration, ion permeation, and drug binding properties. Furthermore, we show that a π-helix transition can lead to pore opening and that such a conformational change blocks fenestrations in the inner helix bundle. We also discover that a region in the C-terminal domain can undergo a disordering transition proposed to be important for pore opening. These results support a role for a π-helix transition in the opening of NavAb, enabling new proposals for the structural annotation and drug modulation mechanisms in this important sodium channel model.
Patient-specific Cardio-respiratory Motion Prediction in X-ray Angiography using LSTM Networks
Authors: Azizmohammadi Fariba , Navarro Castellanos Iñaki , Miró Joaquim , Segars Paul , Samei Ehsan , Duong Luc
Published: December 2022

Objective. To develop a novel patient-specific cardio-respiratory motion prediction approach for X-ray angiography time series based on a simple long short-term memory (LSTM) model. Approach. The cardio-respiratory motion behavior in an X-ray image sequence was represented as a sequence of 2D affine transformation matrices, which provide the displacement information of contrasted moving objects (arteries and medical devices) in a sequence. The displacement information includes translation, rotation, shearing, and scaling in 2D. A many-to-many LSTM model was developed to predict 2D transformation parameters in matrix form for future frames based on previously generated images. The method was developed with 64 simulated phantom datasets (pediatric and adult patients) using a realistic cardio-respiratory motion simulator (XCAT) and was validated using 10 different patient X-ray angiography sequences. Main results. Using this method we achieved less than 1 mm prediction error for complex cardio-respiratory motion prediction. The following mean prediction error values were recorded over all the simulated sequences: 0.39 mm (for both motions), 0.33 mm (for only cardiac motion), and 0.47 mm (for only respiratory motion). The mean prediction error for the patient dataset was 0.58 mm. Significance. This study paves the road for a patient-specific cardio-respiratory motion prediction model, which might improve navigation guidance during cardiac interventions.
Large-scale anisotropies of extragalactic cosmic rays below the ankle
Authors: Mollerach S. , Roulet E. , Taborda O.
Published: December 2022

We study the anisotropies on large angular scales which can be present in the flux of cosmic rays reaching the Earth from a population of extragalactic sources, focusing on the energy range between the second knee and the ankle. In this energy range the particles are significantly affected by the Galactic magnetic field, which then plays a relevant role in shaping the expected anisotropies. The Galactic magnetic field deflects the cosmic-ray trajectories and thus modifies the anisotropies present outside the halo of the Galaxy, in particular the dipolar one associated with the translational motion of the observer (Compton-Getting effect). Also, due to the Galactic rotation, in the reference frame of an observer at Earth there is an electric component of the Galactic field that produces a small change in the particles' momentum. This acceleration depends on the cosmic-ray arrival direction and it hence induces anisotropies in the flux observed in a given energy range. We analyse the expected amplitude and phase of the resulting dipolar component of the flux and discuss the possibility to explain via these effects the change in the phase of the right-ascension distribution which is observed at energies around 1 EeV.
Utah array characterization and histological analysis of a multi-year implant in non-human primate motor and sensory cortices
Authors: Patel Paras R , Welle Elissa J , Letner Joseph G , Shen Hao , Bullard Autumn J , Caldwell Ciara M , Vega-Medina Alexis , Richie Julianna M , Thayer Hope E , Patil Parag G , Cai Dawen , Chestek Cynthia A
Published: December 2022

Objective. The Utah array is widely used in both clinical studies and neuroscience. It has a strong track record of safety. However, it is also known that implanted electrodes promote the formation of scar tissue in the immediate vicinity of the electrodes, which may negatively impact the ability to record neural waveforms. This scarring response has been primarily studied in rodents, which may have a very different response than primate brain. Approach. Here, we present a rare nonhuman primate histological dataset (n = 1 rhesus macaque) obtained 848 and 590 d after implantation in two brain hemispheres. For 2 of 4 arrays that remained within the cortex, NeuN was used to stain for neuron somata at three different depths along the shanks. Images were filtered and denoised, with neurons then counted in the vicinity of the arrays as well as a nearby section of control tissue. Additionally, 3 of 4 arrays were imaged with a scanning electrode microscope to evaluate any materials damage that might be present. Main results. Overall, we found a 63% percent reduction in the number of neurons surrounding the electrode shanks compared to control areas. In terms of materials, the arrays remained largely intact with metal and Parylene C present, though tip breakage and cracks were observed on many electrodes. Significance. Overall, these results suggest that the tissue response in the nonhuman primate brain shows similar neuron loss to previous studies using rodents. Electrode improvements, for example using smaller or softer probes, may therefore substantially improve the tissue response and potentially improve the neuronal recording yield in primate cortex.
Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Axial Fan for Dry-Wet Combined Cooling System
Authors: Pang Zhanzhou , Sun Taozhi , Cao Yue , Si Fengqi
Published: December 2022

The performance of the fan determines the thermal performance of the combined dry and wet cooling system, but its structure is complex and difficult to express with an accurate mathematical model. This paper takes the axial fan as the research object and combines its structural parameters and characteristic curves to establish an accurate single-channel numerical model of the fan. Based on this, the tangential and radial velocity changes of the airflow passing through the fan are studied, and analyze the influence of fan rotation on the direction of outlet airflow. A piecewise function fitting method with r (the distance between the calculation area and the fan axis) as the independent variable and the tangential and radial velocity at the outlet surface of the fan as dependent variables is proposed to simplify the model. The results show that in the outlet section of the fan, the tangential velocity of the fluid is 1/5 of the speed of the rotating section, and generally decreases with the increase of the distance from the outlet surface, while the tangential velocity of the fluid changes little. In addition, under the same tangent plane, the speed is distributed in a hierarchy with r, which is highly coincident with the fitted curve. The error of the calculation result is less than 2.7%. The model has high reliability. It provides a better idea for the calculation of the coupled fan of the air cooling system.
Modeling and analysis of thermodynamic performance of 6F unit based on Thermoflow
Authors: Pan Weicheng , Zhang Tao , Liu Yubin , Wang Hengtao , Liu Xiu
Published: December 2022

With the continuous development of combined cycle technology, mastering the thermal performance of combined cycle unit is beneficial to the system performance analysis, operation optimization and debugging. In this paper, the mathematical model of each component of the gas-steam combined cycle was established. Thermoflow software was used to calculate the thermodynamic performance of the system, and the influence of inlet temperature and gas turbine load on the thermodynamic performance of the system was analyzed. The results show that the model is reliable and the maximum error is 1.47%. When compressor inlet temperature increases by 10°C, gas turbine power decreases by about 5.8% and power generation thermal efficiency decreases by 0.15%. When the gas turbine load decreases by 10%, the thermal efficiency of combined cycle power generation decreases by 1.4%.
Application of Hilbert Spectrum based on SWT to Low-Frequency Oscillation Analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaoli , Zhou Qi
Published: December 2022

Low-frequency oscillation (LFO) appears in power systems with fast excitation of a unit or large-scale connections. An LFO signal exhibits typical nonstationary and time-varying characteristics. The paper proposed an LFO analyzing technique through the Hilbert spectrum of stationary wavelet transform (SWT). The SWT-based Hilbert spectrum contains time-varying and frequency information of LFO. The analytic framework is introduced, SWT is formulated to decompose an LFO signal into the sum of several coefficient components, the instantaneous parameters of each coefficient are then individually calculated, the complete time-frequency distribution is combined, and finally, the time-varying oscillations characteristics parameters are extracted. The simulation shows that the proposed method effectively reveals time-frequency features of the LFO signal.
An Optimized Variational Mode Decomposition based Denoising Method for Fibre-optical Current Transformer
Authors: Huai Qing , Ji Yirun , Li Yu , Song Peng , Hu Yinghong , Yuan Xi , Zhao Yuan , Gao Jing , Xie Lifang
Published: December 2022

The reliability and effectiveness of fibre-optical current transformer (FOCT) is significantly affected by the noise interference from internal system components and external environment. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimized variational mode decomposition (OVMD) based denoising algorithm to improve FOCT’s performance in the situation with high-level noise. The VMD parameter is adaptively optimized based on target signal and the effective decomposed sub-signals are further denoised with stationary wavelet transform functions. In order to investigate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm, both simulated current signal in PSCAD/EMTDC environment and recorded data of current in converter station of Zhangbei dc gird are considered in this paper. The test result indicates that the proposed denoising algorithm could filter out noise and retain sufficient feature information in FOCT’s output.
Simulation analysis of electromagnetic noise of shaftless rimless thruster
Authors: Ling Junyi
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the shaftless rimless propulsion motor is taken as the research object, and the modal analysis of the stator in free state and constrained state is carried out by using the finite element method. The electromagnetic force is solved by numerical method, and then it is loaded on the stator. The harmonic response analysis of the stator is carried out, and the acceleration and displacement frequency response diagrams of the stator surface are obtained, and the vibration nephogram of the stator is analyzed. The results show that the acceleration and displacement in the radial direction are greater than those in the axial direction, which indicates that the vibration frequency in the radial direction is greater than that in the axial direction under the excitation of the radial electromagnetic force. When the frequency of the radial electromagnetic force is close to the natural frequency of the motor, the motor resonates and the vibration frequency increases.
Research on junction temperature monitoring technology of IGBT modules
Authors: Shen Bing , Sheng Yifa
Published: December 2022

Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) is widely used in flexible HVDC transmission systems, IGBT module as its core power device, its failure process seriously affects the operation reliability of MMC. The high junction temperature is an important reason for the failure of the IGBT module, so monitoring the junction temperature of IGBT module is an important means to ensure the stable operation of the system. According to the topological structure of IGBT module, the current junction temperature monitoring methods of IGBT module are summarized and compared. According to the shortcomings of the current research and the current research status, the research direction of IGBT module junction temperature monitoring is prospected.
A 3-PRS parallel numerical control machine tool swing angle deviation detection and compensation method
Authors: Dai Liangqiang , Xu Qiang , Chen Xuezhen , Zeng Debiao , Guo Ruihua , Cai Chengdong
Published: December 2022

A method for detecting and compensating the swing angle deviation of a 3-PRS parallel structure CNC machine tool is proposed. The probes fixed on the machine tool worktable are used to pair two standard ball heads with different lengths and the same diameter installed on the spindle. The coordinates are collected, the machine tool swing angle deviation is calculated and obtained, and the calculation result is automatically written into the machine tool compensation file, which replaces the manual detection and compensation of the swing angle error of the parallel machine tool, improves the accuracy and reliability of the detection data, and improves the automation of flexible production. Degree.
Optimal configuration of wind storage capacity based on VMD and improved GWO
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Zhao Feng
Published: December 2022

In view of the fluctuation of the output power of wind power generation, a hybrid energy storage capacity optimization configuration strategy combining variational mode decomposition (VMD) and improved Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) is proposed, taking the wind storage joint system as the research object. The sliding average method is used to obtain the target power of the wind power grid connection and use the VMD decomposition processing to allocate the energy storage target power to the different energy storage devices in the hybrid energy storage system. The capacity optimization model of hybrid energy storage system with the minimum annual configuration cost of energy storage system as the target function is established, and the improved Grey Wolf Optimizer is used to solve the model, and the simulation and analysis are conducted on Matlab / Simulink, so as to verify the effectiveness and economy of the proposed capacity optimization configuration method.
A construction and inspection technology of power emergency communication system based on Beidou
Authors: Han Ke , Zhang Yifu , Wang Yong
Published: December 2022

In order to improve the real-time performance of information transmission of power emergency communication system, the construction and inspection technology of power emergency communication system based on Beidou is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the differences between heterogeneous networks are described based on Beidou short message. Then, the fusion probability of heterogeneous network is calculated, and the optimal communication channel is obtained. Next, communication channel link is established, and the maximum transmission range is described. In addition, the network capacity is calculated, the congestion avoidance model is established, the bandwidth is obtained by defining the interference index of the information transmission channel, the total load during the construction and inspection process is calculated, and the construction and inspection of the power emergency communication system are realized.. Experimental results show that the proposed technology has better performance in information utilization, network throughput and system response time.