bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Approach for Researching Forest Ecosystem
Authors: Huo Zai Qiang , Zhu Xue Qun
Published: February 2012

It is valuable to be researched in the application of science of complexity to the forest ecosystem. Forest ecosystem is an adaptive complex system which is suggested to be at the edge of chaos or at the criticality. The inner interaction of a forest ecosystem is the main driving force for the self-organization, complexity and order in the forest ecosystem. Forest ecosystem complexity is one of the research frontiers of ecological and evolutionary problems presently. The application of science of complexity to the forest ecosystem complexity studies, its concept, background, methodology and theory are briefly introduced. The forest ecosystem complexity is defined as the structure and function diversity, self-organization and the order of an ecosystem. Its main methods include the cellular automaton, genetic algorithm, game theory, complex network, etc. This paper has discussed mechanism and development of forest ecosystem complexity, by applying the principle and methods of science of complexity, which is a new approach for understanding ecological and evolutionary problems.
Control, Effection and Analysis of Voltage during Dielectric Barrier Discharges Plasma Surface Treated Carbon Fibers
Authors: Zhang Huan Xia , Wei Li
Published: February 2012

The deposition of coatings on the surface of carbon fiber will be helpful to their applications. However, they are unsuitable to be deposited due to their low surface free energies, poor wettability and poor adhesions. The objective of this work is to modify carbon fibers by Dielectric barrier discharges(DBD)in ambient argon . The chemical and physical changes induced by the treatments on carbon fibers surface are examined using contact angle measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The interfacial adhesion of CF/EP composites are analyzed by a single ﬁber composite (SFC) for ﬁlament fragmentation test. The contact angles of the plasma-treated samples are visibly reduced than the untreated samples. XPS results reveal that the carbon fibers modified with the DBD at an atmospheric pressure show a significant increase in oxygen-containing groups, such as C–O,C=O and O–C=O. The results of SFC tests show that the treated carbon fibers composites could possess excellent interfacial properties with mixed resins. These results demonstrate that the surfaces of the carbon fibers samples are more active, hydrophilic and rough after plasma treatments using a DBD operating in ambient argon.
Research and Development of High Reflection Infrared Radiating Coating Adopted on Ceramic Kilns
Authors: Liu Jun , Fu Gui Wu , Xi Zhi Gang
Published: February 2012

Make nano-scale Al doped with SiC by combustion synthesis with Si, C and Al powder as the raw materials. This kind of nano-scale Al doped with SiC boasts high infrared radiance, and thus can be used for energy conservation of thermal equipments at 800~1500°C. Details include: adopt the synthetize nano ceramic powder of high emissivity at low expense to compound coatings, and deposit the coating at the inwall of thermal kilns to make perfect combination so as to keep high emission rate for the purpose of saving energy in the subsequent process of actual use.
Design of FANUC System Human-Machine Interface and Machine Realization Based on C Language
Authors: Ping Liu , Huang Shu Jun , Fan Jin Zhen , Lin Guo Yong
Published: February 2012

The user interface of FANUC CNC system provides only the basic functions, leading to the state and performance of the real-time data can’t be shown to the users, and affect the machining accuracy, efficiency and machine maintenance. A method is proposed that the independent user interface of FANUC CNC system developed in C language for secondary, designed the friendly Human-Machine interface. The function of the interface have real-time processing to extract the status screen、classification detection devices screen、self-diagnosis display screen、help information display screen etc. After the application of CNC machine, the machine failure rate has dropped, the maintenance time has be reduced, and it can reflect the designer's intent and style of the machine manufacturer.
On Enterprise Operation Efficiency and Strategic Research Based on Super-efficient DEA
Authors: Tang Hong , Yu Shun Kun
Published: February 2012

With the rapid development of China's electric power market today, the national provincial electric power companies, which are under the background of the principal-agent framework management, have become the main development pillars of the national electric power companies. These companies are responsible for many important businesses such as electric power market exploitation, power grid construction, electric power operation mode transformation, etc., and they are relatively independent management subject. How to evaluate the performance of provincial companies is always a focus point of the management of the national electric power company. The author tries to improve the C2R evaluation model of the DEA method and construct the super-efficient DEA evaluation model, in order to solve the problem that the sorting and selecting decision cannot be made when there are more than one effective decision unit, furthermore, to apply it to evaluate the operation efficiency of provincial companies and propose measures to improve business performance. The author hopes this can provide good ways of improving the reformation of electric power companies marketization in their reformation process.
Evaluation of Volatile Organic Compounds from Asphalt Using UV-Visible Spectrometer
Authors: Yu Man , Wu Shao Peng , Chen Mei Zhu , Zhang Hong Hua
Published: February 2012

In order to evaluate volatile organic compounds (VOC) from asphalt, this paper explored to use ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS) as the detection method of VOC. 288nm wavelength was selected as the characteristic absorption wavelength of VOC, finding that VOC quality and its absorbance value showed a good linear relationship which could be the basis for evaluation in this research. Experiments were carried out under different conditions, results of which showed that VOC emission was related to temperatures and asphalt specimens. Moreover, VOC emission increased with increasing temperatures. Results under non-high temperatures conditions showed that VOC emission during its service process should not be ignored.
Brief Analysis of Uyghur Folk Carpet
Authors: Saitaer Xiakeer , Yang Xiao Ming
Published: February 2012

Uyghur carpet is spun by folk artists with exquisite workmanship and enjoys high appreciation from both domestic and foreign consumers with its particularly chosen fabric and exquisite weaving technique. Uyghur carpet has distinct national characteristics and intense local color, so it is renowned as “Oriental” carpet with unique style. This article focuses on the account of the history, craftsmanship and pattern of Uyghur carpet.
Application in Avionics Anomaly Detection Using Multi-Variant Hotelling T2 Statistics
Authors: Wang Yi , Xiao Ming Qing , Sheng Sheng , Zhao Liang Liang
Published: February 2012

This article proposes a framework of in-situ monitoring for anomaly detection of avionics, Uses the multi-variant Hotelling T2 statistics to form a quickly reference to the anomaly behavior. The proposed method can be used to solve the data driven Prognostics and Health Management problem to detect the anomaly behavior of equipment as well as the potential isolation and diagnosis of the symptoms of incoming faults. The article also gives a structure of an on-line test and monitoring system prototype, based on the legacy on-line test system, as well as developed a basic information gathering route and a multi-variant test based anomaly detection method. A fault injection based simulation experiment was formed to validate the performance of the system and method under consideration. The results shows that the proposed method has a solid mathematics fundamental and the advantages as well as good performance, worth to be spread.
Johnson Cook Material Model and Simulation Experiment of Aluminum Alloy 6005A
Authors: Wang Chun , Cheng Hao , Su Bin
Published: February 2012

The true stress-strain curve of aluminum alloy 6005A is attained by quasi-static compression experiments, and Johnson Cook material model parameters of aluminum alloy 6005A is determined by using least-squares fitting. The aluminum alloy 6005A finite element model of the oblique cutting process is established in ABAQUS software, and verified by the oblique cutting simulation and experiments. The finite element model of high-speed side milling process is also established and the influence of milling cutter spiral angle on cutting force is analyzed.
Characters of Lorenz Force Generated by a Single Linear Electromagnetic Stirrer
Authors: Li Yan Hua , Ji Ling Kang , Chi Qiang , Xiong Qing Ren , Chen Hong Yuan
Published: February 2012

The internal flow and level fluctuation of liquid metal exposed to linear electromagnetic stirring are mainly induced by the electromagnetic force. As a result, it is necessary to estimate the electromagnetic force amplitude generated by electromagnetic stirrers. The Maxwell's equations were simplified on some reasonable assumption so as to estimate the electromagnetic force amplitude in this study. During the electromagnetic force analysis, the characters of the electromagnetic force in liquid metal exposed to a linear electromagnetic stirrer were determined at the same time.
Calculation of the Mixing Entropy of Sn in a Tin-Iron Bilayer
Authors: Li Hai Bin , Huang Qing Xue , Wang Jian Mei , Gui Hai Lian , Ma Qin
Published: February 2012

Based on experimental results and theoretical analysis at different temperatures and time of unit diffusion quantity，the mixing entropy in the reaction process between iron and molten tin, is investigated within the range of 260～350°C. The mixing entropy is plotted versus the dimensional time, which showed that the difference value of it at different time was an upward trend. At different temperatures, the mixing entropy of the system increased with the temperature, tin atoms diffusing into the matrix gradually becaming greater, so as to there has been a appreciable increase in the values of mixing entropy. In addition, the mixing entropy’s increase trend becomes smoothly with the temperature increasing, and the entropy change of the system is decreasing more obvious with the temperature increasing.
Experiment and Meso-Damage Finite Element Analysis of Uniaxial Tension of Galvanized Steel Sheets
Authors: Chen Zhi Ying , Dong Xiang Huai
Published: February 2012

Uniaxial tension tests for galvanized steel sheets are performed. Fractured surfaces of the specimens are observed by means of the scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is confirmed that the specimens experience ductile fracture. Based on the Gurson meso-damage theory, Hill’48-GTN anisotropic damage model is presented, and used to analyze the uniaxial tension test. The true stress-strain curves are fitted by three kinds of main flow stress models. After comparing the fitting precisions, the Voce model is selected as the flow stress model for the simulation analysis. The simulation results show that the Hill’48-GTN model can be used to accurately predict the whole process of damage occurrence, evolution and fracture in tension, and void volume fraction can be taken as a forming limit parameter of sheet metal forming.
Effect of Shrinkage Reducing Admixture on Properties of Pumping Concrete
Authors: Zhou Jian Mei , Hao Run Xia
Published: February 2012

In order to improve the crack resistance of pumping concrete, effect of shrinkage reducing admixture on the performance of pumping concrete was stuied, the results showed that dry shrinkage decreased obviously when shrinkage reducing admixture was added into pump concrete , and 28d shrinkage can be reduced by over 40% when the dosage of shrinkage reducing admixture was 1.5% , while the shrinkage reducing admixture can significantly improve the fresh pumping concrete workability, improve compressive strength of 28d, but the flexura strength decreases slightly.
Compressive Strength and SEM Observations of Geopolymers Reinforced by Carbon Fibers, Polyacrylonitrile Fibers and Cellulose Fibers
Authors: Jin Man Tong , Chen Liang , Chen Lin Wei , Jin Zan Fang
Published: February 2012

Based on an optimal formula in previous study, the geopolymer composites reinforced by ﬁbers, including carbon fibers, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers and cellulose fibers were prepared to investigate the effects of fiber content on their compressive strength. Results show that fibers can improve the compressive strength of fiber-geopolymers in general and the optimal addition proportion of each fiber is 0.2 % - 0.3 %. Microstructures on the polished surfaces of fiber-geopolymers were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the reinforcement of fiber-geopolymer is contributed to the moisture content and surface characteristics of fibers.
Effect of Low Content Ca on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of AZ63 Alloys
Authors: Zhang Dai Dong , Zhang Xiao Ru , Ge Xiu Qin , Fang Da Qing , Yu Xue Hua
Published: February 2012

The effect of low content of Ca （0.9 or less）on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ63 alloys were studied in this paper. The results show that, adding a small amount of Ca , the alloy does not generate Al2Ca phase. The calcium dissolved into the matrix or compound phase and have an uneven distribution, but it can improve the distribution of β-Mg17Al12 phase ,refine the grain and improve the mechanical properties. Adding 0.3%Ca to AZ63 (WT%), the microstructure and mechanical properties of alloy are more ideal.
Distribution of Carbon in Large Diameter Semi-Insulating Gallium Arsenide Grown by Liquid Encapsulated Czochralski Technique
Authors: Wang Li Hua , Hao Qiu Yan , Wang Bing Zhang , Sun Wei Zhong , Liu Cai Chi
Published: February 2012

Carbon impurity concentration and dislocation density were investigated with optical microscopy and Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrometer in radial direction of large diameter (6-inch) undoped semi-insulating Gallium Arsenide (SI-GaAs) grown by liquid encapsulated Czochralski (LEC). The experimental results showed that their distributions are both “W”-shaped along wafer diameter, which is relatively higher on the center and lower near the center, but highest on the edge of the wafer. The nonuniformity distribution of thermal stress from growth process leads to the “W”-shaped distribution of dislocations in radial direction. The adsorption of matrix elastic strain field around dislocations induces the “W”-shaped distribution of carbon impurity. Dislocations adsorb carbon impurity and carbon impurity decorates dislocations. Dislocation density distribution affects carbon behavior.
Anti-Blocking Technology for Urban Sewage Source Heat Pump System
Authors: Zhang Cheng Hu , Meng Na , Sun De Xing
Published: February 2012

The extremely poor sewage quality could make the sewage heat utilization difficult. The paper introduces the content and distribution property of the sewage dirt. For the dirt properties and project experience, it proposes the two basic points of the anti-blocking technique in sewage source heat pump system: filtering surface continuous regeneration and dirt continuous reduction and the request for filtering pore size parameters. It also describes the principle of filtering surface hydraulic continuous regenerative technique and establishes its mathematical model and design method of the device. The calculation and application result indicates that filtering surface hydraulic continuous regenerative technique can guarantee the filtering effect and operation flow stable.
Calculation of Chip Removal Air Volume of Blasthole Drill
Authors: Lin Gui Yu , Zeng Xing , Liu Han Yu
Published: February 2012

Whether selection of chip removal air volume is reasonable or not, do affect the performance of blasthole drill and bit’s life. How to calculate air volume always make the designers confused. In this paper, writer use theory of gas-solid two-phase flow and energy principle combined with characteristic of rock ballasts from the mine site to determine particle rising speed, free floating speed and air flow rate of the rock ballasts. And according to the relation between particle and particle group’s floating speed calculate floating speed and the corresponding chip removal air volume among different diameter of particle of the same minerals. It can provide a method of calculation to designer, which is very reference value to for the practical application.
Design and Dynamics Simulation of a Micromachined Inertial Switch with Polymer-Metal Composite Fixed Electrode for Flexible Contact
Authors: Zhu Bin , Yang Zhuo Qing , Chen Wen Guo , Liu Qi Fa , Ding Gui Fu , Zhao Xiao Lin
Published: February 2012

A novel inertial micro-switch with polymer-metal composite fixed electrode has been designed based on non-silicon surface micromachining technology. The micro-switch can sense the applied accelerations from positive z-axis. It can realize a flexible contact between the electrodes, eliminate the bouncing phenomenon and prolong the contact time. The dynamic contact simulation of the micro-switch has been implemented under the half-sine wave shock with 80g peak value, and its vertical response time is about ~80μs.
Analysis on the Individual Stiffness of the Aerostatic Guide Way and Error Sources of its Vibration
Authors: Lin Jie Jun , Li Dong Sheng , Zhang Wen
Published: February 2012

At present, the aerostatic guide way is more and more important in the ulta-precision engineering areas, and it is analyzed in this paper. The individual stiffness of the guide, the air film stiffness and the micro-error aroused by the random air vibration of four different bearings, whose cross sections are square, triangular, trapezoid and ∏-shaped, are got one by one. A series of analysis and deductions could draw a conclusion that the aerostatic guide way with ∏-shaped cross section is recommended for obtaining the high machining and measuring accuracy, especially for the horizontal-type use and under low load. In addition, the research in this paper is valuable for the engineers.
An Online Surface Defects Detection System for Step-Axis
Authors: Lu Ji Li , Lin Ming Xing
Published: February 2012

Surface defects detection is an important application of machine vision. In this paper, an online surface defects detection system of step-axis is studied based on image recognition. To ensure the real-time property, a fast axial surface defects inspection method is put forward, including improved median filtering to reduce noise, gray variation for fast judgment, the maximum variance method (OTSU) to select threshold automatically, contour features for feature extraction, mathematical morphology to detect defect targets, and finally, support vector machine (SVM) to classify and recognize the surface defects of ladder shaft. Experimental results show that the system can detect surface defects of the step-axis in 0.5s, which can meet the real-time requirements.
Influence of Original Structure on Microstructure and Properties of 35CrMo Steel after Zero Time Holding Quenching
Authors: Li An Ming , Hu Meng Juan
Published: February 2012

The pretreatment process is quenching and normalizing, respectively. Influence of different original structures on tensile strength and hardness is investigated. The experimental results show that the as quenched 35CrMo steel by zero time holding quenching obtains fine lath martensite structure and has higher tensile strength and hardness. The mechanical properties of the as quenched 35CrMo steel is better than that of the as normalized 35CrMo steel. The effect of original structure on the mechanical properties of 35CrMo steel is prominent when the zero time holding quenching temperature is lower, but it decreases with the quenching temperature increasing. The austenite inverse transformation zero time holding quenched at low temperature can improve the mechanical properties of 35CrMo steel.
Intracellular Distribution of Iron in the Cell of Magnetotactic Bacteria Inhibited the Biosynthesis of Magnetic Nano-Particles by Limiting the Iron Source
Authors: Watanabe Shingo , Iwasa Tatsuo
Published: February 2012

Magnetotactic bacteria are the bacteria which synthesize nano-sized magnetic particles within their cell body. In the present study, the cells of a magnetotactic bacteria M. magnetotacticum MS-1 was fractionated and the iron amount of the cell fractions were measured. In order to study the relationship between the process of the biosynthesis of magnetosome and the intracellular transport of iron, MS-1 cells were cultured under iron limited culture conditions and the amount of iron in the cell fractions were compared with those under optimal culture conditions. The whole amount of iron was measured colorimetrically. To estimate the number of ferric ion, the number of spin was determined from the ESR spectrum. The cell fractions obtained after removing magnetosome (non-magnetic fractions) contained 30-40 % of the total iron in the intact cells. There was a good correlation between the number of spin and the iron amount of non-magnetic fractions under optimal culture conditions. Under iron limited conditions, the iron amount decreased not only in the fraction containing magnetosome but also in the non-magnetic fractions. The number of spin in the soluble fraction decreased remarkably. So, the correlation between the number of spin and the amount of iron was not observed under iron limited conditions. These results imply that the ratio of ferrous ion to whole amount of iron increased in the non-magnetic fractions under iron limited conditions as compared with that under optimal conditions.
Thermal Shock of Semi-Infinite Cellular Ceramics
Authors: Zhang Y.X. , Wang B.L.
Published: February 2012

Considered in this paper is a semi-infinite cellular ceramic solid containing an edge crack. The solid is subjected to a sudden cooling on its surface. The temperature field and associated thermal stress field for the uncracked solid are calculated. The stress for uncracked medium is used as the crack surface stress with opposite sign to formulate the mixed boundary value problem. The stress intensity factors as the function of crack length, time and relative density are calculated. It is found that the presence of porosity in the ceramic is generally beneficial to increasing the thermal shock strength of the ceramics if the failure is dominated by a pre-existing crack. The paper may be helpful for the design and manufacturing of advanced thermal shock resistive cellular ceramics.
Effect of Nd on Structure and Properties of Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloys
Authors: Gao Bo , Jiang Fei , Hao Yi , Tu Gan Feng , Chen Lei , Shi Weixi
Published: February 2012

The influence of Nd on structure and properties of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys (Al-17.5%Si, Al-25%Si) was investigated in this paper. For Al-17.5%Si alloy, there is no obvious variation in morphology of primary Si before and after Nd modification, but the average size of primary Si is decreased from 34.73µm to 23.39µm after 0.3%Nd modification. Compared with initial sample, the tensile strength and yield strength of 0.3%Nd-modified sample are increased by 11.6% and 1.5%, and wear resistance of Al-17.5%Si alloy is enhanced to a factor of 2.1 after 0.3%Nd modification. However, for Al-25%Si alloy, the tensile strength and yield strength of 0.3%Nd-modified sample are respectively improved by 22.1% and 9.5% as compared to initial sample. Meanwhile, wear resistance of modified sample is improved to a factor of 3 relative to initial sample. The property improvement of two alloys can be attributed to the change in morphology and size of primary Si after Nd modification.
Effects of Trammonium Citrate on Slurry of PMN-PZT in Gelcasting Process
Authors: Du Jing Hong , Gan Guo You , Yan Ji Kang , Yi Jian Hong , Zhang Jia Min
Published: February 2012

Preparation of aqueous ceramics slurry with high solid volume and low viscosity is premise and key step of gelcasting, and dispersant play important role in slurry preparation. In this paper, triammonium citrate (TAC) was used as dispersant of PMN-PZT piezoelectric ceramics slurry, the effects of TAC on slurry stability and rheological properties and dispersion mechanism of TAC were investigated by sedimentation test, viscosity, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FTIR analysis. The SEM results indicated that TAC could reduce the agglomeration of powder particles and make ceramic particles well-dispersed. FTIR indicated that strong chemical absorption occurred between TAC and PMN-PZT powder, and slurry stability and rheological properties of PMN-PZT slurry were improved through electrostatic interaction of TAC. The effects of TAC on sedimentation volume and viscosity have similar tendency. When TAC content was 7.5vol% and pH of slurry was about10, PMN-PZT slurry suitable for gel-casting could be acquired.
Mechanical Design and Dynamics Analysis on a Jumping Robot
Authors: Zheng Yi Li , Liu Jin Hao , Kan Jiang Ming
Published: February 2012

Aiming at the forest and wetland environment exploration mission, the mechanical structure and motion characteristic of a four-legs jumping robot are given particularly. Using the principle of virtual work states, the simplified dynamic model of one jumping leg is derived under some assumptions, and the relationship between the jumping height and thrust force of the leg is given and simulated. The simulation result have demonstrated the feasibility and validity of the theoretical analysis for the jumping robot.
The Research on ODS Iron Powder by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Yu Xiao , Guo Zhi Meng , Hao Jun Jie , Yang Wei Wei
Published: February 2012

Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steel which contains Y2O3 dispersion is one of the most promising candidates for fast neutron reactor cladding materials due to its excellent swelling resistance to neutron and superior creep resistance in high temperature. There are many ways to prepare ODS ferritic steel and the most commonly used method is mechanical alloying. However, ODS ferritic steel produced by the method of mechanical alloying is poor in the plasticity and impact property. Moreover, the anisotropies of structure and properties are obvious in the follow-up processing. In this paper, in order to reduce the cost, iron powder is used as raw material instead of ferritic steel powder. The complexing sol-gel method is adopted to prepare ODS iron-powder. There are many advantages of the sol-gel method such as the small size of disperse phase and the high uniformity. Besides, it is easy to control the conditions of reaction such as the water content, the bath temperature and the PH value. The gel-coated iron powder can be prepared under the appropriate environmental conditions. Then, we can obtain iron powder with Y2O3 dispersion after heating and reducing the gel-coated iron powder. By the spark plasma sintering(SPS), the ODS iron powder can be densified and we can observe the microstructure and test the performance. The results reveal the Y2O3 dispersion of ODS iron-powder by sol-gel method is uniform and the mechanical property is excellent.
Influence of Pre-Sintering Temperature and Time on the Properties of YIG Target
Authors: Zheng Hui , Deng Jiang Xia , Zheng Liang , Qin Hui Bin , Wu Jun , Zhou Ji Jun
Published: February 2012

The influence of pre-sintering temperature and time, which ranged from 700 to 900°C and from 0.5 to 12h respectively, on the size and shape of the grains composed of YIG target were studied. The YIG precursors, of which the crystallization temperature was obtained by the DSC tests, were synthesized through the chemical co-precipitation method. According to the XRD, SEM and VSM measurement results, YIG powders pre-sintered at 750°C for 7hours, which temperature is lower than the crystallization temperature, can make the target with the highest density, good magnetic property, fine-grained and narrow grain size distribution.
Preparation of Fe Nanoparticles by Confined Arc Plasma Method
Authors: Yao Xiao Ju , Wei Zhi Qiang , Yang Hua , Liu Li Gang
Published: February 2012

In the protecting inert gas, Fe nanoparticles were successfully prepared by confined arc plasma method. The particle size, microstructure and morphology of the particles by this process were characterized via X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) adsorption equation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The experiment results indicate that the samples by this process distributed uniform with spherical chain shapes, the crystal structure is body centered cubic (BCC) structure as same as the bulk materials, the particle size distribution ranging from 20 to 70 nm, with an average particle size about 39 nm obtained by TEM and confirmed by XRD and BET results. The specific surface area is 17.5 m2/g.
Design and Research on New Type Office Desk
Authors: Jiang Xiao Wei , Du Qiu Lei
Published: February 2012

In view of well- designed office desk is advantageous to alleviating fatigue, the author analyzes the category of office desk, and combining the design problem of existing office desk which exists in using function, art function and material technique function and others, discusses the shape design, the color design and the man-machine factors of office desk. Among them the man-machine factors mainly elaborate the height design of desktop, the depth design of desktop and other designs. Then the possibility is analyzed. On this foundation, the design practice of new type office desk is done.
In Situ Fabrication and Microstucture of ZrB2 Particles Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites
Authors: Rui Zhu , Zhao Yu Tao , Zhang Song Li , Jia Zhi Hong
Published: February 2012

Abstract：Aluminum matrx composites reinforced by in situ ZrB2 particles are fabricated from A356-AlB-K2ZrF6 system via in-situ melt reaction method, and the morphologies, sizes and distributions of the in situ particles as well as the microstructures, mechanical mechanisms of the composites are investigated by XRD,SEM,TEM and tensile tests. The results indicate that the morphologies of the in situ particles are mainly with ball-shape, the sizes are in nanometer scale and the distributions in the matrix are uniform. The interfaces between the in situ particles and the aluminum matrix are net and no interfacial outgrowth is observed.
Dynamics Simulation of Rover Locomotion over Lunar Craters
Authors: Huang Wei Dong , Bao Jin Song , Xu You Sheng
Published: February 2012

Rover dynamics simulation is an essential component of its 3-D visualization platform. Here we present a Bekker theory-based rover soft-soil dynamics model to accurately reflect the wheel-ground interaction as the rover navigates on the lunar surface. A rover dynamics model was then established using the multi-body dynamics simulation system, Vortex, with an integrated soft-soil dynamics computing module, to carry out whole vehicle simulation, which revealed the kinetics features of rover locomotion in the complex lunar terrain.
A Kinetic Model of Alumina Inclusion Nucleation in Molten Steel
Authors: Zheng Shao Bo , Yang Cun Bo , Zhao Dan , Li Hui Gai
Published: February 2012

A computational model which is based on the classical homogenous nucleation theory was developed to analyse the alumina inclusion-nucleation process in molten steel in this paper. The idea, 'pseudomolecules', proposed by Lifeng Zhang[1,2], was cited as the basic unit of the physical process of nucleation. However, the nucleation stage was evolved to be controlled by the diffusion of pseudomolecules groups than single pseudomolecule, which is much closer to the actual situation. The differential equations of different pseudomolecules size distribution were given and calculated by computer programs using Runge-Kutta method. Some key parameters, such as supersaturation, nucleation rate, and inclusion population were calculated and compared with some others' conclusion.
Physical Properties of Silk Fabric Containing Chitosan and Silver
Authors: Peng Xiao , Chen Jun Li , Zhou Qiu Bao , Wang Xue Qin , Zhu Lei
Published: February 2012

As “Queen of Fibers”, silk is very popular due to its favorable properties. However, unfavorable antibacterial ability has limited the application of silk. In this paper, therefore, the antibacterial treatments containing both silver and chitosan for silk fabric were conducted. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), tensile properties and antibacterial ability tests were carried out to characterize the silk fabric containing chitosan and silver. The results showed that chitosan and silver treatment did not destroy the crystalline structure and molecule structure of silk fabric, however, greatly changed the tensile properties and antibacterial ability, i.e. after treatment, the breaking force decreased while elongation at break increased. Especially, the antibacterial ability of silk was greatly improved due to dual effect of chitosan and silver.
CFD Simulation of Hydraulics of Dividing Wall Sieve Trays
Authors: Wang Yan , Du Song , Zhu Huai Gong , Ma He Xu , Zuo Shao Qing
Published: February 2012

A 3D two-phase flow computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model containing gas mal-distribution is developed in the Eulerian framework to predict the hydraulics of a dividing wall sieve tray. Variable and position dependent gas superficial velocity is used in the calculation. Using water-air system, simulations of flow patterns and hydraulics of a commercial- scale 1.2m diameter sieve tray are carried out using this model to testify its precision. Then, the same simulations of a dividing wall sieve tray with equal diameter are carried out. The results show that there are two backflow regions on a dividing wall tray, one is in the segmental area, and the other is in the region nearby junction of dividing wall and outlet weir. In the segmental area of trays with equal diameter, the area of backflow region of dividing wall trays is basically equal to that of conventional trays.
The Electrochemical Behavior of the Rehealing Oxide Scales After Pitting Corrosion
Authors: Bai Hui Ping , Wang Fu Hui , Tu Yuan Qiang
Published: February 2012

The electrochemical behaviour of the rehealing oxide scales on the K52 nanocrystalline coatings had been studied by polarization curves. The results indicated that the oxide scales formed on the nano-coating exhibited rehealing ability after pitting corrosion, and the coating still had excellent corrosion resistance. The rehealing ability was enhanced with prolonged re-oxidation time. EDX analyses revealed that the oxide scales within the pits were composed of mixed-oxides (Cr2O3, Al2O3 and TiO2). The mixed-oxides were made up of two layers: the external oxide layer was composed of Cr2O3 and TiO2 and the internal oxide layer was Al2O3.
Monochromatic Red Electroluminescence Based on Copolymer of N-Vinylcarbazole and Eu-Complexed Acrylic Acid
Authors: Zhang Wen Guan , Pang Hui , Zhao Sheng Min
Published: February 2012

Europium complexes exhibited intense red fluorescence with a narrow spectral bandwidth (5-10 nm). But non-uniform blending or dispersion of complex resulted in phase separation, decomposition and inefficient energy transfer to reduce emission efficiency. The complexes were covalently attached to the main chain of polymers, which improved film quality and solubility. Eu(TTA)2(AA)phen as europium complex monomer (ECM) was prepared by Eu3+ coordinating with 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), acrylic acid (AA) and 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA). Fluorescent polymer marked as p1-30 (molar ratio for ECM/N-vinylcarbazole (NVK), 1/30) was synthesized. The emissions of ECM and p1-30 in the films peaked at ca. 610 nm. The fluorescence lifetime of p1-30 in solid was measured to be 384.58 (τ1) and 802.44 μs (τ2). The highest occupied molecular orbit (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbit (LUMO) energy levels were -5.36 and -1.99 eV. The red organic light-emitting devices (OLED) A ITO/PEDOT: PSS/PBD: p1-30/AlQ3/LiF/Al and B ITO/PEDOT: PSS/PBD: p1-30/BCP/AlQ3/LiF/Al were fabricated. Devices A and B mainly emitted at 614 nm with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 12.6 nm and exhibited luminance of 375 and 136 cd/m2 with Commission International de L’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.50, 0.42) and (0.63, 0.35). The copolymer p1-30 had good film quality to avoid phase separation. The emission from the carbazole moieties was suppressed, electroluminescent (EL) spectra revealed that efficient intramolecular energy transfer from carbazole unit to europium complex occurred and that emission efficiency was greatly improved. Device B showed monochromatic red emission.
Study on Synthesis, Characterization and Ultrasonic Degradation the Dyeing Wastewater of 11- MnZrMo Heteropoly Salt with Keggin Structure
Authors: Zhang Zhi Hong , Xue Feng
Published: February 2012

The heteropoly salt, Na6[Mn(Mo11ZrO39)] •19H2O（MnZrMo）with Keggin structure of the 1:1:11series, was synthesized by the aqueous solution method, and characterized and analyzed. The element analysis showed that the molar ratio of Mn, Zr and Mo was accord with 1:1:11;the thermogravimetric analysis/ differential thermal analysis(TG/DTA) indicated that the MnZrMo had good thermal stability and it contained nineteen molecules of crystallization water; the characterization of the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray powder diffraction analysis(XRD) and the ultraviolet spectrum(UV) showed that the anionic of the MnZrMo heteropoly salt possessed Keggin structure; the analysis of the scanning electron microscopy(SEM) showed that it had the basic feature of the macromolecular compound and a regular crystal. The MnZrMo heteropoly salt was used as the catalyst to degrade the acidic-green B(AGB) dyeing wastewater enhanced by the ultrasonic, the degradation rate could reach 95.90%.
Numerical Techniques for Nonlinear Lagrangian Dynamical Systems and Their Application
Authors: Li Jin
Published: February 2012

We provide a general framework for solving constrained optimization problems, this framework relies on dynamical systems using a class of nonlinear Lagrangian function, we construct a first order derivatives based and a second order derivatives based differential systems. Under this framework, We show that the exponential Lagrangian system as the special case is discussed.
Experimental Study for Cement Microscopic Property by Backscatter Scanning Technique
Authors: Ye Tao , Jiang Bin , Ye Xian Xian
Published: February 2012

As the technology develops, digital image processing technology has become a necessarily new method for studying particle property and particle analysis. This method helps researchers to gain deeper understanding of microstructure and powder particle property. In the paper work, the characteristics of different ingredients of cement microscopic property are analyzed with the technology of SEM backscattered electron image. Based on experimental analysis, microstructure and all kinds of cement characteristic parameters are analyzed quantificationally. It is seen that this method in the paper effectively and comprehensively computers the microscopic characteristics parameter of powder.
Dynamic Viscosity Analysis of Base Bitumen with the Addition of Rediset
Authors: Zhang Ji Zhe , Wu Shao Peng , Van de Ven Martin , Chen Feng
Published: February 2012

This paper investigated the influence of Rediset on the properties of base bitumen. The warm mix bitumen binder were produced by mixing a standard 40/60 pen bitumen with Rediset at fixed two proportions. The dynamic viscosity behaviour of the samples have been determined using dynamic shear rheometer with a cone and a fixed plate with a diameter of 25mm. The thermal stability of the Rediset was characterized and the result indicate that the physicochemical properties of Rediest are stable bellow 150°C. The dynamic viscosity result shows that the addition of Rediset can affect the flow behavior of the bitumen. Rediset decreases the viscosity of the binders, especially at the range of 100°C~150°C. The contribution of Rediset to the change of viscosity became less with the temperature increasing from 100°C to 150°C.
Research on Smelting Vanadium Steel by Silicothermic Reduction Direct Alloying with V2O5
Authors: Wang Wei Xiang , Xue Zheng Liang , Song Sheng Qiang , Li Ping , Chen Zhi Chao
Published: February 2012

The basic thermodynamic analysis of silicothermic reduction during direct alloying to smelting vanadium steel with V2O5 was discussed in this paper. The high-temperature carbon tube furnace and medium frequency vacuum induction furnace were used to study the phase compositions of the reduction products and the change law of the yield of vanadium when V2O5 was reduced by ferrosilicon. The research shows that the main phases of the silicothermic reduction products were VSi2、FeVO4 and Ca2SiO4 under the condition of using CaO to restrain the volatile of V2O5. Yield of vanadium was gradually improved with the increase of ferrosilicon during the direct alloying. The yield of vanadium in the steel is as high as 95.25% when the addition of ferrosilicon is 35%.
Experimental Study of External Thermal Insulation Mortar Based on Fly Ash Floating Bead
Authors: Chen Jin Ping
Published: February 2012

In this paper, the development and properties of floating bead insulation mortar were introduced. Based on the experimental study, a new kind of exterior wall external thermal insulating mortar had been successfully produced. For this material, fly ash floating bead and expanded pearlite which was modified by hydrophobe were taken as the lightweight aggregate, meanwhile, Portland cement was used as the inorganic binder, also the fiber and polymer were taken as the additive. The results of experiments indicated that properties of fly ash floating bead insulating mortar, such as thermal insulation, strength, crack resistant and climate resistant, were superior to those of expanded pearlite insulating mortar. On the other hand, other properties, such as bulk stability, aging resistant, climate resistant, crack resistant and fireproofing, construction workability were much better than those of expanded polystyrene sheet ( EPS) insulating mortar.
Sustainable Performance of Limestone Cement
Authors: Chen Chun Tao , Chang Jiang Jhy , Yeih Wei Chung , Chang Shun Ting
Published: February 2012

This study explores the effects of the limestone addition on the mechanical properties and durability of the cement. Portions of the Portland cements were replaced by the limestone powders. Results showed that the compressive strengths of the mortar were reduced by the limestone addition. In general, the addition of limestone helps to reduce the shrinkage and improve the sulfate attack resistance. The lowest sulfate-expansion occurred at the specimens with a limestone addition of 10%. Moreover, with additions of 10% or less, the reductions in strength were likely recovered by the addition of fly ash.
Application of Self-Compacting Concrete in Strengthening of Existing Reinforced Concrete Column
Authors: Yin Xiao San , Zhai Shi Feng , Gong Tian Niu
Published: February 2012

The use of self-compacting concrete (SCC) is spreading worldwide due to its attractive properties in the fresh state as well as after hardening. Two application examples were introduced, one was reinforced concrete (RC) column strengthening with reinforced self-compacting concrete, and the other was with steel jacket and SCC. Economical and social benefits of the two application examples were analyzed. Project examples and applicable analysis show that RC column strengthening with SCC has attractive advantage, such as economy of technique, convenient construction, good construction quality, as well as bearing capacity improved significantly. The second strengthening method can make the best of advantage of SCC and steel material, and has strong global performance, high utilization ratio of the additional new materials, seismic behavior improved obviously, and so on.
Electrorheological Properties of Ni-Group Nano Particles and Multilayer Compound Polar Molecule Modify
Authors: Tan Suo Kui , Song Xiao Ping , Ji Song , Zhao Hong , Wu Min , Guo Hong Yan
Published: February 2012

This paper emphasis has researched the ER properties of Ni group core-shell nano particles modifier with Urea，SDBS and other polar molecule，analysis the relationship among ER properties and polar molecule type ，compound modifier under different electric field or magnetic field. It is found that the shear stress increasing with adding polar molecule, compound polar molecule modify can marked advance the properties of Ni group core-shell particles ER fluid.
Study on the New Wall Insulation Materials of Vitrified Micro Bubbles
Authors: Zhu Jiang , Li Guo Zhong
Published: February 2012

The new wall insulation materials of vitrified micro bubbles were made of vitrified micro bubbles, expanded perlite and decent additives by adding sodium silicate and cement as the bonders, and were manufactured through mould pressing process. In this paper, the process parameters of the production were made sure through orthogonal experiments, such as the ratio of raw materials and forming process, the performance of product was studied, and the mechanism of product was discussed.
Applicability of Gd0.9Ca0.1AlO3-δ Ceramic Electrolyte for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Liu Gui Hua , Wang Fang , Yan Rui Qiang
Published: February 2012

In this paper, the applicability of Gd0.9Ca0.1AlO3-δ (GCAO) oxygen-ion conductor as ceramic electrolyte for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) was systematically investigated. XRD and TGA results demonstrate that GCAO material is in possession of sufficient structural stability from low to high temperature, desirable chemical stability against humidified reducing atmosphere and fine high-temperature thermal stability in air. Thermal shrinkage research during high temperature sintering shows that complete sintering of pressed green GCAO disk is around 1500 oC and the corresponding thermal expansion coefficient of sintered GCAO is 9.2×10-6 K-1 from room temperature to 1000 oC. In addition, total conductivity of GCAO ranges from 0.00073 to 0.0081 S•cm-1 in air as function of temperature increasing from 600 to 800 oC where the corresponding activation energy is determined as 96.19 KJ•mol-1. A 2-mm-thick electrolyte-supported single fuel cell was prepared with La0.8Sr0.2TiO3-δ/Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-δ and La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ/Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-δ as anode and cathode, and tested at 800 oC with humidified hydrogen and static air as fuel and oxidizer, respectively. The OCV reaches as high as 1.1 V which prove the pure oxygen-ion conduction of GCAO; and the corresponding maximum output and electrode polarization resistance reach 42 mW/cm2 and 0.15 Ώcm2, respectively. In summary, GCAO could be a possible electrolyte candidate for intermediate temperature SOFCs.
A Study on Anti-Collision RFID Algorithm Based on Interval Estimate Method
Authors: Cheng Zhi Guo , Chen Su Xian , Chen Guan Nan
Published: February 2012

It is a key problem that readers collide with each other which infuences the identification effciency of RFID system. This paper, which is based on the character that the frame-lengh restricts by EPC C1G2 RFID system, analyses the mechanism of anti-collision in Framed slotted ALOHA and the characteristic of classical responder estimate method. And it also gets a EPC C1G2 RFID algorithm which is based on IEM among readers. The result of simulation is given too.