bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical application of SPECT/CT guided targeted bone marrow biopsy in bone metastasis involvement in lung cancer
Authors: Li Xiaomin , Zhang Wanchun , Li Sijin
Published: March 2024

Objective
To investigate the feasibility, safety, and clinical application value of single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT)-guided bone marrow biopsy (BMB) in lung cancer (LC) patients with suspected bone metastases (BM) and compare its diagnostic performance for detection of BM with SPECT/CT.
Methods
The records of lung cancer patients referred for bone scintigraphy (BS), SPECT/CT and SPECT/CT-guided BMB from July of 2020 to July of 2023 in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. 35 Patients were consecutively included in this study, all 34 specimens were analyzed by pathological and immunohistochemical studies.The biopsy success rate, total examination time, biopsy operation time, complications, CT radiation dose, and pathological and immunohistochemical results were recorded. The diagnostic performance based on SPECT/CT and SPECT/CT-guided BMB were compared with pathological, immunohistochemical examinations and the results of subsequent follow-up.
Results
Bone samples of the sites with high uptake were obtained in 34 patients under BMB, with a success rate of 97.1%(34/35). No severe postoperative complications occurred. Among all 34 cases, 29 specimens were positive for metastatic lung cancer (85%, 29/34), and positive for benign tissue in 5 cases (15%, 5/34). The average total examination time of 24 patients was (46.2 ± 7.3) minutes, and the biopsy operation time was (31.4 ± 8.2) minutes; The effective radiation dose generated during the entire inspection process is (2.2 ± 0.9) mSv. SPECT/CT-guided BMB demonstrated significantly higher negative predictive value (NPV) when compared to SPECT/CT (p = 0.021 < 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) of BMB guided by SPECT/CT were significantly higher than those of SPECT/CT (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
It is insufficient to evaluate BM in LC patients using 99mTC-MDP SPECT/CT imaging. SPECT/CT-guided BMB was safe, accurate, and feasible and provided significantly higher sensitivity and NPV when compared to SPECT/CT for detection of BM in LC patients. In addition, our study initially showed the integrated approach that includes SPECT /CT and SPECT/CT-guided BMB, which can obtain one-stop imaging, pathological and molecular typing diagnosis in nuclear medicine department and offer important opportunities for precision treatment to improve quality of life of LC patients with BM.
Single intravenous subanesthetic dose of esketamine failed to relieve postoperative pain in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Hu Tao , Zhang Yu , Yang Ting , Liao Hongbing , Zhou Ying , Fu Qiang
Published: March 2024

Background:Multimodal analgesia during bariatric surgery is beneficial to accelerate postoperative recovery. Esketamine has been used in anesthesia and analgesia. However, the analgesic effect of single infusion subanesthetic dose of esketamine in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery is unclear yet. The study aimed to illustrate whether intraoperative intravenous subanesthetic dose of esketamine could relieve pain in bariatric surgery patients.
Methods:Patients (n = 51) scheduled for laparoscopic bariatric surgery were randomly divided into two groups: the esketamine group (group E: 0.2 mg/Kg esketamine before surgical incision) or the saline group (group S: equivalent dose saline before surgical incision). The primary outcomes included pain in Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) and on the first postoperative day (POD1), and the intravenous morphine equivalent (IVME) on POD1. The second measures included adverse reactions, postoperative nausea and vomitting (PONV), duration of extubation, incidence of intraoperative hypotension and first time out of bed after surgery.
Results:Finally, 40 patients completed the study. PACU and POD1 numerical rating scale (NRS) scores revealed no significant difference, nor did IVME on POD1.
Conclusions: Single infusion subanesthetic doses of esketamine does not relieve acute pain or reduce morphine consumption postoperative in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. To realize meaningful postoperative analgesic benefit, increased dosages or prolonged infusions of esketamine might be required.
Trial registration: The study was registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry https://www.chictr.org.cn/, (Registration date: 7/12/2021; Identifier: ChiCTR2100054038).
Bridging the Buzz: In vivo EPR imaging unlocking the secrets of honey bee health
Authors: Mojović Miloš , Nakarada Đura , Glavinić Uroš , Ristanić Marko , Popović Milan , Stevanović Jevrosima , Stanimirović Zoran
Published: March 2024

Honey bees, crucial for ecosystems and human health, confront rising mortality from parasites, pesticides, habitat loss, nutrition issues, and climate change. This affects the environment, economy, and human well-being. Progress in EPR instrumentation offers promise for in vivo imaging of small samples, like bees. This paper introduces a pioneering in vivo EPR imaging methodology to explore redox processes in honey bee intestines, advancing our understanding of these vital insects' health.
Evaluating Multiple Metabolic Indicators to Predict Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia Risk
Authors: Lee Chieh , Lai Chia-Yu , Yeh Ta-Sen , Chang Ming-Ling , Chen Tsung-Hsing
Published: March 2024

Metabolic syndrome is highly associated with gastric cancer (GC) formation, although the reliability of individual indices for predicting IM (intestinal metaplasia) risk remains inconsistent. This retrospective cohort study applied univariate and multivariate analyses using Python and its statistical packages to analyze the relationships between multiple metabolic indicators and IM, including the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), the Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TyG), and levels of fasting (TC, AC: Fasting) blood glucose (AC), postprandial blood glucose (PC), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL).Our analysis of the metabolic indicators revealed that TyG and AIP were not predictors of IM. However, across all ages and genders, LDL was a significant predictor of IM. Moreover, we found that the accuracy associated with certain metabolic indicators of IM can vary according to age and gender. More specifically, HDL was a significant indicator of IM in young males, while TC was significant in young females. Additionally, for middle-aged individuals, PC was a significant indicator in males, while AC was significant in females. In elderly males, LDL, VLDL, and TyG were significant indicators, while TC and LDL were significant in elderly females. Furthermore, the AUC of elder individuals (> 60%) was significantly higher compared to young individuals (54.7%, males; 56.5%, females) and middle-aged individuals (53.6%, males; 52.5%, females). By conducting a comprehensive analysis of multiple metabolic indicators, our study reveals that significance varies according to gender and age, although LDL is a significant predictor of IM across all groups.
Using HPLC and LC-MS, a Bioanalytical method is developed and validated for the quantitative estimation of Rivaroxaban in biological matrices
Authors: Bhadru Banothu , Bogula Narender
Published: March 2024

Using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS, a validated protein precipitation was used to estimate the amount of rivaroxaban in human plasma, with rivaroxaban-D4 serving as an internal reference. Using an Infinity Poroshell 120 EC C18 (2.1×50mm, 1.9µm) column, 20mM ammonium acetate (pH 3.5) was combined with methanol and acetonitrile (20:20:60 v/v) to create the desired chromatographic conditions. The analysis lasted three minutes in total, with a 0.5 ml/min flow rate. The mass transitions of 440.1→144.9 and 436.1→144.9 for rivaroxaban and rivaroxaban-D4 were found, respectively. Using a quadratic regression model, the standard curve displays a correlation coefficient (r2) greater than 0.9998 and a linearity range of 1.00 to 14.00pm/ml.
Clinical characteristics and initial C-reactive protein (CRP) levels associated with COVID-19 pneumonia in hospitalized patients at Huataphan Hospital, a primary care setting in Thailand
Authors: Sr Wissanu , Reechaipichitkul Wipa , Chamnan Parinya , Soontrapa Wannaporn , Tumsatan Panya , Yuajit Chaowalit
Published: March 2024

Background
Rapid diagnosis of pneumonia in COVID-19 infection patients is crucial for early effective management to reduce mortality. A challenge exists for the few radiologists in community hospitals in primary care settings in Thailand, in that general practitioners usually read chest X-rays themselves and may misdiagnosed COVID-19 pneumonia.
Objective
To evaluate the initial clinical characteristics and initial CRP values associated with COVID-19 pneumonia, confirmed by two radiologists, in proven COVID-19 hospitalized patients.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted between 1 July 2021 and 31 October 2021 at Huataphan Hospital in a primary care setting in Thailand. 412 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 51% female with a median age of 34 (IQR 24, 46) years and 15.8% of them had at least one comorbidity were evaluated. The results showed that prevalence of chest X-rays (CXR) revealed COVID-19 pneumonias were diagnosed and confirmed by two radiologists was 63%. Female sex, older age patients, and pre-existing comorbidities were more common in COVID-19 pneumonia than those without COVID-19 pneumonia. C-reactive protein (CRP) values were statistically significantly higher in COVID-19 pneumonia compared to those without COVID-19 pneumonia (median CRP 10.8 vs. 2.3 mg/dL, p < 0.001). CRP cut-off value of 4 mg/dL was associated with radiographically confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia with the area under the curve (AUC) 66.8% (95% CI, 62.0%-71.5%), sensitivity 66.7% (95% CI, 60.6%-72.4%) and specificity 66.9% (95% CI, 58.8%-74.3%). Every 1 mg/dL increase in CRP was associated with a 4% increase in presentation of COVID-19 pneumonia (aOR 1.04, 95%CI 1.02–1.06, p = 0.001).
Conclusions
Initial CRP value in hospitalized COVID-19 infections can be used in the primary care hospital setting in combination with clinical assessment and chest X-ray for early diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.
A New Multi-Objective Approach For Allocating Heterogeneous IoT-Based Tasks in Mobile Crowd Sensing Using Deep Learning
Authors: Vahedi Zohreh , Chabak Seyyed Javad Seyed Mahdavi , Veisi Gelareh
Published: March 2024

Today, with the rapid growth of Internet-based service delivery services, the realization of numerous applications, including mobile mass surveillance, has become possible. In mobile mass monitoring, equipment located at the edges of the network can be used to provide computing services, storage and execution of tasks that have time priorities. Despite the many studies that have been done in the past on the application of the mobile collective monitoring approach, however, the management of heterogeneous requests considering the quality of service has not been comprehensively investigated yet. Therefore, the main goal of this thesis is to provide an approach to allocate heterogeneous tasks in the form of implementing mobile collective monitoring in such a way that both the time period for the completion of the activity is reduced and the quality of coverage and service level are observed at an optimal level. Since the participating groups in such an approach have conflict of interests, therefore, the Stackelberg inverse game theory has been used as a tool to manage the level of user participation and consider the benefit of all players. One of the features of this game model is the possibility of implementing it without having complete information of all players. In order to reach the equilibrium point of the game, the optimal strategy of the applicants is determined by using the deep reinforcement learning algorithm, because this method can be useful in finding the appropriate proposed strategy by using the history of interactions. One of the important challenges when applying learning algorithms is the lack of stability during the execution of the learning process. In this regard, an approximate policy has been used to approximate the values of the reward function, which prevents divergence during the implementation of the learning process. Another important challenge is knowing the density of user participation in mobile mass monitoring programs. In fact, the higher the number of monitoring nodes in an area, the better coverage quality can be created. For this purpose, the fuzzy system has been used, which can estimate the level of participation density by having the time range of users' presence in the study area and the level of geographic density. In this thesis, three characteristics of activity completion time frame, service quality and coverage level have been evaluated. According to the obtained results, the use of such an approach increases the coverage level by more than 17% compared to the average of common methods.
CTAB-assisted AgBr -bismuth oxybromide based novel SERS substrate for label-free, non-invasive quantitative detection of detrimental synthetic food colorants
Authors: Saroj Arti , Ramanathan Venkatnarayan
Published: March 2024

Synthetic food colorants like Rhodamin 6G, Allura red, Amaranth, Tartrazine, and Sunset yellow although banned by several governments continues to be used in food products. A method for detection in a non-invasive label free manner is reported in two parts. Herein, a novel CTAB assisted-BiOBr (BOB), Ag0.09 BOB and Ag0.15 BOB (CTAB-AgBr-Bi3O4Br/BiOBr) substrate was prepared by chemical precipitation method and their SERS (surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy) activity was assessed by detecting the aforementioned synthetic food colorants in a non-invasive label free manner. Excellent SERS activity was observed for all these dyes. Ag0.15 BOB substrate showed higher SERS activity than others. The lowest detection limit was determined to be 10 μM for Rhodamin 6G, 50 μM for Allura red, Amaranth and 40 μM for Tartrazine and Sunset yellow. Binary mixture analysis was also performed to analyse the closely related food colorants paving way for their quantitative detection in real food products.
RETRACTED: Experimental Study of Soybean Drying in a Fluidized Bed Dryer and Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer Processes using Luikov Model
Authors: Tellab Noureddine , Hemis Mohamed , Panigrahi Shubham Subrot , Singh Chandra B.
Published: March 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Comparisons of developmental processes of air- breathing organs among terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Oniscidea): implications for their evolutionary origins
Authors: Inui Naoto , Miura Toru
Published: March 2024

Background
The acquisition of air-breathing organs is one of the key innovations for terrestrialization in animals. Terrestrial isopods, a crustacean lineage, can be suitable models to study the evolution of respiratory organs, as they exhibit varieties of air-breathing structures according to their habitats. However, the evolutionary processes and origins of these structures are unclear, due to the lack of information about their developmental processes. To understand the developmental mechanisms, we compared the developmental processes forming different respiratory structures in three isopod species, i.e., 'uncovered lungs' in Nagurus okinawaensis (Trachelipodidae), 'dorsal respiratory fields' in Alloniscus balssi (Alloniscidae), and pleopods without respiratory structures in Armadilloniscus cf. ellipticus (Detonidae).
Results
In N. okinawaensis with uncovered lungs, epithelium and cuticle around the proximal hemolymph sinus developed into respiratory structures at post-manca juvenile stages. On the other hand, in Al. balssi with dorsal respiratory fields, the region for the future respiratory structure was already present at manca 1 stage, immediately after hatching, where the lateral protrusion of ventral epithelium occurred, forming the respiratory structure. Furthermore, on pleopods in Ar. cf. ellipticus, only thickened dorsal cuticle and the proximal hemolymph sinus developed during postembryonic development without special morphogenesis.
Conclusions
This study shows that the respiratory structures in terrestrial isopods develop primarily by postembryonic epithelial modifications, but the timing and mode of development vary among species with different respiratory structures. The positions developing into respiratory structures differ between uncovered lungs and dorsal respiratory fields, suggesting that these organs derive from different origins despite the similar location of their functional organs. Overall, this study provides fundamental information for evolutionary developmental studies of isopod respiratory organs.
Face Recognition Using Oriented Gradient Feature Method
Authors: Wadje Jayshree , Jondhale Kalpana
Published: March 2024

In this paper algorithm oriented gradient is implemented on human face recognition under different lighting conditions. Many researchers gave good results by compensating of low frequency illumination, or capturing of high frequency edges. A simple but effective method namely oriented gradient feature method is implemented. The feature image gradient gives magnitude and direction information in an image. Magnitude and direction information of an image is further used for histogram plot with orientation bins. The recognition rate accuracy has been improved when proposed algorithm for compensation of light is used.
Enhancing Vibration Analysis with Singular Spectrum Analysis in a System with Passive Damper Attached
Authors: Silva Magno de Oliveira , Cayres Bruno Cesar , Silva Felipe Leite Coelho da
Published: March 2024

Vibration analysis is a process of monitoring and searching for anomalies or changes in the vibrational behavior of a system. In this context, the Fourier Transform has been widely employed to study systems whose responses to external disturbances are analyzed through vibrations. However, considering that vibration signals are often represented as time series, the application of Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) has been a promising methodology in this type of analysis. In this work, the SSA technique was used to investigate the vibrational responses of a single degree of freedom system with an attached tuned liquid column damper (TLCD). The system responses were captured by an accelerometer and processed by a data acquisition module, followed by analysis using the R programming language. The experimental results demonstrated the efficiency of the damper in attenuating the system vibration; it was also possible to identify the dominant frequencies through the Fourier Transform, specifically its computational version, the Fast Fourier Transform. In this work, the SSA methodology was applied which allowed the identification of distinct signals, including possible signals from the vibrations of aluminum rods coupled to the system, not detected by frequency domain analysis. Thus, the application of the SSA technique enabled the identification and quantification of different signals in the system with an attached passive damper and proved to be an excellent methodology to be added to the classic techniques of vibration analysis.
Comparing patients with high blood pressure and patients without high blood pressure: types of myocardial infarction and its complications
Authors: Almobark Khaled , Nabulsi Ahmed
Published: March 2024

Background: High blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke, and approximately 9.4 million people worldwide die annually from its complications. The aim of this study was to compare patients with high blood pressure and patients without high blood pressure in terms of the type of myocardial infarction that occurred and its subsequent complications, if any.
Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in Damascus Hospital, on a sample of patients in the cardiac surgery department, and the records of a sample of patients in the cardiac internal medicine department, in the period between 12/22/2023 and 2/29/2024, where the sample amounted to 150 patients.
Results: Our study included 150 patients, males (68%) and females 48 (32%). The largest age group in our study was more than 60 (52%). The percentage of smokers was (53.3%) and alcoholics (24%). The percentage of those suffering from hypertension was (77.3%) and those who did not suffer from hypertension (22.7%). Those with a family history of high blood pressure (40%). The percentage of those suffering from diabetes (41%), hypertriglyceridemia and high cholesterol (32%) versus (68%) for each of them, and anemia (29.3%). Segment ST High in (57.3%) of patients. Only (32%) of patients underwent cardiac catheterization. The most common type of infarction is anterior (37.3%), followed by inferior infarction (16%), and the percentage of patients who did not have an infarction (36%) The largest percentage of infarction complications was arrhythmic (12%), followed by death (8%).
Conclusion: Our study found that patients with high blood pressure had a higher incidence of segment elevation (ST) after infarction than patients who did not suffer from high blood pressure.
Attitudes Related to Trauma-Informed Care by Healthcare Workers Handling Rape Victims at Orogbum Government Health Center Port Harcourt and Model Primary Health Care Center, Eliozu Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Authors: Okeke O. I. , Lawal A. M , Omole O. , Nnebuifechuku Neuropsychiatric Hospital Rumuigbo Port Harcourt Nigeria. C. , IN Ijere
Published: March 2024

Background: Previous studies have suggested that there are far-reaching potentials for utilizing trauma-informed care as an intervention strategy for victims of trauma such as rape and sexual abuse. This study, therefore, explored the attitude related to trauma-informed care (TIC) by healthcare workers handling rape victims at Orogbum Government Health Center Port Harcourt and Model Primary Health Care Center, Eliozu Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional design, purposive sampling was used to select the study participants, and independent t-test statistics were used to analyze the gathered data. A structured instrument- the Attitudes Related to Trauma-Informed Care (ARTIC) Scale by Baker et al., (2016), was used to elicit respondent’s data. Thirty-eight healthcare workers (23 females- 60.5%, and 15 males- 39.5%) were employed for this service evaluation survey. Three hypotheses were tested. Respondents age distribution were 18-40 years (50%, n=19) and 41-70 years (50%, n=19). Years of experience as healthcare workers - shorter years (11-40 years, n 23)- 60.5%, and longer years of experience (11-40 years, n 15)- 39.5%.
Results: Findings from the study revealed that gender and age, respectively (t=1.785, t= -0.014, p >.05), did not significantly affect the respondent’s attitude towards trauma-informed care. However, the healthcare workers who had spent shorter time (X =207.7) in healthcare service delivery had more positive attitudes to trauma-informed care than their counterparts who had spent longer years (X = 222.1) in healthcare service delivery.
Conclusion: Though underreported, Trauma-related events, especially rape, are widespread in Nigeria. The study suggested that trauma-informed care should be at the center of training for mental health professionals caring for trauma patients.
Routing and Security Based Ad-hoc Networks Configuration for Identification of Attack Using Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: Avinash J.
Published: March 2024

In many fields of Research, wireless sensor networks have grown in popularity. Depending on the dangerous situation the networks fields, there are more chances to attack wireless sensor network. This research explains how to locate rogue nodes in the networks based on investigation and responses from each node in the networks. In generally a malicious node blocks the transmission of signal to other nodes. So, in order to increase network performance, avoid much traffic for the server to buffer, causing them to slow down and eventually stop. Hence to identify the fake node in wireless sensor network is main aim of this research through Network Simulator with the help of Reinforcement Learning based routing algorithms. Further, attack vectors allow hackers to exploit system’s vulnerabilities including manual elements. It is suggested that a workable security framework for the WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) used to estimate traffic or packet loss and throughput ratio in order to detect fault identity. So enhancing the networks performance is based on request-response mechanism of the nodes, which engages with features at various levels of the protocol's system, monitors and analyzes typical patterns and alerts node to ensure their dangerous activities cannot transmit across the network. Some of monitoring basic functions through routing algorithm and NS2 include overseeing server CPUs, paying attention to network traffic, identifying patterns in error rates, alerting you about slow pages and combing through your access logs to find out how long requests usually take.
Posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression in mothers after preterm delivery and the associated psychological processes
Authors: NDJOMO Gilles , NJIENGWE Erero , MOUDZE Béatrice , GUIFO Odette , BLAIRY Sylvie
Published: March 2024

Background: Empirical studies have shown traumatic, anxious, and depressive symptoms in mothers after preterm births. Many studies have focused on biological, social, and life circumstance factors to explain the emergence of these symptoms; their results are inconsistent. The ability of psychological processes to predict the emergence of psychopathology is now well documented in many clinical populations. However, the psychological processes underlying the onset of traumatic, anxious, and depressive symptoms in postpartum mothers of preterm infants had not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to identify the most common symptoms experienced in the first few days after delivery and determine whether processes of anhedonia, brooding rumination, and worry are predictive of posttraumatic stress (PTS), anxiety, and depression symptoms.
Methods: A sample of 106 mothers was screened for PTS, anxiety, and depression symptoms within the first 10 days after their preterm delivery. Anhedonia, brooding rumination, and worry were also assessed. Student’s t-tests were performed to identify the most severe manifestation reported. To explore the predictive effect of the psychological processes of anhedonia, brooding rumination, and worry, multiple linear regressions were performed.
Results: Descriptive analysis shows that 75.5% of mothers reported a pathological symptom level for at least one of PTS, anxiety, or depression. Being alert and worrying are the predominant manifestations experienced in the first few days after preterm birth. Multiple linear regression showed that traumatic symptoms were predicted by worry and brooding rumination; anxiety symptoms were predicted by worry, reminiscence pleasure and a deficit in consummatory pleasure; and depressive symptoms were predicted by worry and a deficit in consummatory pleasure.
Conclusions: Our findings support the process model and suggest that anhedonia, brooding rumination, and worry may be relevant targets for psychological interventions to treat PTS, anxiety, and depression symptoms. Behavioral activation could be an effective intervention to target these dysfunctional processes and thus improve maternal symptoms.
Advanced Spatiotemporal Chaos-Based Hash Functions for Enhanced Security
Authors: Li Yuxuan
Published: March 2024

The domain of nonlinear science has witnessed a burgeoning interest in the study of spatiotemporal chaos, prompting a deeper investigation into its complex dynamics. This research introduces an innovative enhancement to the cross-coupled map lattice, presenting a novel spatiotemporal chaotic map that signifies a leap forward in chaotic systems' modeling. Our comprehensive experimental analysis demonstrates that this updated cross-coupled map lattice significantly surpasses its predecessor in terms of chaotic behavior and performance. Considering the escalating relevance of hash functions across various sectors—most notably in cryptography, data integrity verification, and data indexing—our work leverages this pioneering spatiotemporal chaos framework to forge new paths in hash function development. We have engineered a state-of-the-art hash function that harnesses the sophisticated dynamics of the enhanced cross-coupled map lattice. This function adeptly processes variable-length input data, producing fixed-size hash outputs of 128, 256, or 512 bits. Through a series of rigorous tests designed to simulate a range of potential cryptographic attacks, we have validated the exceptional security and resilience of our hash function. Our thorough experimental scrutiny reveals the hash function's robust security features, confirming its suitability for critical applications that demand high levels of data integrity and enhanced cryptographic protection. This exploration into spatiotemporal chaos not only sets a new benchmark for hash function design but also contributes significantly to the broader field of cryptography, offering robust solutions to the contemporary challenges faced in digital security.
Machine learning ARIMA for modelling and forecasting variations inearth’s surface phenomenon using sparse time series satellite data—acase study of sea surface salinity in the Nigerian coastal zone
Authors: Ajibola-James Opeyemi , Okeke Francis I.
Published: March 2024

The tropical coasts, particularly the Nigerian coastal zone, have been traditionally undersampled using appropriate in situ methods and understudied using appropriate remote sensing techniques despite the proliferation of satellite missions for earth observation. The contemporary all-weather satellite observations of phenomena of interest are characterized by relatively sparse time series data that discourage their utilization as input in building efficient machine learning (ML) models for both exploratory and predictive purposes. Additionally, data-poor areas usually have difficulties meeting the multiple predictor variable requirement of building appropriate multivariate ML regression models. We utilized a relatively sparse sea surface salinity (SSS) dataset from the Soil Moisture Active Passive Mission (SMAP) satellite products (Jan., 2016-Dec., 2021) for this study. We determined the accuracy and variability of the relatively sparse SSS data for the study area to be approximately 6.5° × 4.5°. We built ML autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models and determined and validated the best model for modelling (Jan., 2016-Dec., 2020) and forecasting (Jan.-Dec., 2021) Earth’s surface phenomenon (ESP) using relatively sparse SSS data as a case study. We show root mean squared differences (RMSDs) of 0.1279 psu and 0.1162 psu for modelling and forecasting data accuracy, respectively. We show a standard deviation (SD) of 0.2528 for the interannual SSS variability (iSSSv). We show the modelling accuracy with an R-squared (R2) of 0.8345281 and its validation with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.7779% and the forecasting accuracy with a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.9850 psu and its validation with a MAPE of 2.7670% for the best ML ARIMA model. The relatively low SD value suggests a relatively stable iSSSv along the Nigerian coastal zone. The R2 and MAPE results suggest relatively high modelling and prediction accuracy. The results imply that relatively sparse satellite time series data of at least 60 epochs (hourly, daily, weekly, monthly or yearly observations) can be utilized for building a relatively accurate ML ARIMA model for modelling and forecasting variations in any ESP in any geographical area.
Optimising Mach-Zehnder Interferometer with Quantum Error Correction Protocols
Authors: Sawarn Shivam , Dubey Akhilesh
Published: March 2024

The Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a simple device that demonstrates the clear path-choice problem in quantum mechanics through amplitude division. Experiments carried out in labs often encounter noise due to component inefficiencies and other environmental factors. The present study maps the interferometer and its inherent inefficiencies to a quantum circuit using Qiskit. This work highlights the crucial role of quantum error correction (QEC) protocols in managing the noise present in the quantum circuit. By employing the Shor code, an error-correcting code devised by Peter Shor, it becomes feasible to detect and rectify errors.
Advanced Key Expansion Algorithm Using a High-Performance Four-Dimensional Chaotic Map and a Strong S-Box for Enhanced Sensitivity and Independence
Authors: Li Yuxuan
Published: March 2024

The round key plays a critical role in the security of block encryption algorithms, being derived from the initial key through the key expansion process to bolster security. In this study, we introduce a novel key expansion algorithm powered by a high-performance four-dimensional chaotic map and a robust S-box, notable for its sensitivity and independence of keys, thereby strengthening defense against various cryptographic attacks. We present a four-dimensional chaotic map, celebrated for its outstanding dynamic properties as confirmed through detailed behavior analysis. Additionally, we propose an S-box generation technique based on operations in the finite field GF(28), resulting in an S-box with high nonlinearity and enhanced security. This S-box is carefully crafted to eliminate typical weaknesses such as fixed points, reverse fixed points, and short periods, making it suitable for key expansion applications. Utilizing the advantages of the chaotic map and S-box, we elaborate on our key expansion algorithm and demonstrate its security effectiveness through thorough evaluation, showcasing its promise as a potent instrument in cryptographic security.
Design and Performance Comparison of FuzzyPID and Non-linear Model Predictive Controller for 4-Wheel Omni-drive Robot
Authors: PANTA LOVE
Published: March 2024

Trajectory tracking for an Omni-drive robot presents a challenging task that demands an efficient controller design. To address the limitations of manual tuning, we introduce a self-optimizing controller named fuzzyPID, leveraging the analysis of responses from various dynamic and static systems. The rule-based controller design is implemented using Matlab/Simulink, and trajectory tracking simulations are conducted within the CoppeliaSim environment. Similarly, a non-linear model predictive controller(NMPC) is proposed to compare tracking performance with fuzzyPID. We also assess the impact of tunable parameters of NMPC on its tracking accuracy. Simulation results validate the precision and effectiveness of NMPC over fuzzyPID controller while trading computational complexity.
Approaches to the management of road transport enterprises
Authors: Smolennikov Denys , Lavryk Yevheniia
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the problems of management of road transport enterprises in the conditions of modern challenges in this field to make timely management decisions. The authors analyzed and adapted the leading scientific and methodological approaches to ensure the effective functioning of the management of motor transport enterprises, including optimizing routes, introducing the latest technologies, reducing the impact on the environment and increasing resource use efficiency. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach were also determined, considering the complexity and dynamics of transport systems, access to data, consideration of environmental factors, etc. Using scientific management methods can help optimize processes, reduce costs, and increase productivity. However, it is also essential to consider the limitations and shortcomings of these approaches, such as the complexity of implementation, the lack of universality and the impossibility of taking into account all aspects of the management of road transport enterprises. The research can serve as a basis for developing new approaches and strategies for managing road transport enterprises to increase their competitiveness and sustainability. The article also provides a classification of motor transport enterprises according to various criteria. This classification provides a general idea of the different road transport enterprises and their socio-economic role. Also, this classification can be helpful for further research and development of management strategies according to the specific characteristics of enterprises. In conclusion, the authors emphasize the importance of a balanced management approach that considers the needs of various stakeholders, including passengers, staff, shareholders and local communities. An important aspect is the consideration of innovative business models and management strategies aimed at increasing customer value and improving operational efficiency. The study can help develop adaptive management strategies that consider changing market conditions and technological progress, ensuring the sustainable and competitive development of motor vehicle enterprises.
The functional generalization of the Boltzmann-Vlasov equation and its gauge-like symmetry
Authors: Torrieri Giorgio
Published: March 2024

We argue that one can model deviations from the ensemble average in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics by promoting the Boltzmann equation to an equation in terms of functionals , representing possible candidates for phase space distributions inferred from a finite observed number of degrees of freedom. We find that, provided the collision term and the Vlasov drift term are both included, a gauge-like redundancy arises which does not go away even if the functional is narrow. We argue that this effect is linked to the gauge-like symmetry found in relativistic hydrodynamics [Ann. Phys. 442, 168902 (2022)] and that it could be part of the explanation for the apparent fluid-like behavior in small systems in hadronic collisions and other strongly-coupled small systems [Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 68, 211 (2018)]. When causality and Lorentz invariance are omitted this problem can be look at via random matrix theory show, and we show that in such a case thermalization happens much more quickly than the Boltzmann equation would infer. We also sketch an algorithm to study this problem numerically.
The impact of liquidity on common stocks returns: Empirical insights from commercial banks in Nepal
Authors: Bahadur Budhathoki Prem , Bhattarai Ganesh , Kumar Dahal Arjun
Published: March 2024

Most developed and emerging economies pay substantial attention to liquidity to understand stock return behavior. However, there is a need for more focus on understanding the impact of such factors on stock returns in developing countries such as Nepal. This study aims to examine the effect of liquidity, size, financial and asset risk, growth potential, and profitability on stock returns in Nepalese commercial banks. A pooled ordinary least squares regression model is utilized, employing data from the Central Bank of Nepal and the Nepal Stock Exchange. There are 249 observations in the data set, which covers the period from 2009/10 to 2019/20. The model considers the impact of trading volume, market capitalization, book-to-market ratio, asset growth, and return on asset on stock returns in Nepalese commercial banks. The results indicate that trading volume, a proxy of liquidity, positively affects stock returns in Nepalese commercial banks. The finding reveals that when other variables are held constant, a 0.288 percent increase in stock returns is expected for a one percent rise in trading volume. However, asset growth and return on assets show a weakly favorable link with stock returns in Nepal. Conversely, the research findings suggest an insignificant inverse correlation between book-to-market and stock returns. A decrease in stock returns of 0.307 percent is expected for a one percent increase in the book-to-market ratio. Similarly, market capitalization has a negligible effect on stock returns in Nepal.
Correlation between motor laterality, temperament and cortisol levels in dogs.
Authors: GARBIEC ALEKSANDRA , KARPIŃSKI MIROSŁAW , WOJTAŚ JUSTYNA , STRACHECKA ANETA , STANISZEWSKA PATRYCJA
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between motor lateralisation, temperament, and serum levels of cortisol. The study group consisted of 39 clinically healthy dogs: 21 females and 18 males. Lateralisation and temperament were assessed during periodic animal health checks using a standardised tape test and a proprietary assessment algorithm. The median cortisol level in the dogs was 4.6 ng/ml. The median cortisol level was 4.31 ng/ml in dogs under 3 years of age and 4.92 ng/ml in dogs over 3 years of age. The median cortisol level was 4.21 ng/ml in left-pawed dogs and 4.8 ng/ml in right-pawed dogs. Statistically significant differences were found between cortisol levels and temperament. The median cortisol level was 5.06 ng/ml in extrovert dogs and 4 ng/ml in introvert dogs.
Process tracing na Ciência Política e nas Relações Internacionais brasileiras:
Authors: Lenine Enzo , Grizenti Eduardo , Bia Agnes , Cardoso Beatriz
Published: March 2024

O uso de process tracing nas pesquisas em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais publicadas em periódicos brasileiros segue as diretrizes dessa abordagem metodológica? Process tracing tornou-se um dos principais métodos qualitativos para identificar relações causais no tempo, sendo cada vez mais utilizado no Brasil. Entretanto, persistem dificuldades em sua implementação, sobremaneira no que tange aos seus pressupostos epistemológicos e metodológicos. Neste artigo, realiza-se uma análise bibliométrica dos artigos publicados em periódicos de Ciência Política e RI nacionais na última década que mobilizaram process tracing, avaliando se sua implementação segue as diretrizes mínimas recomendadas pela literatura.
“POETRY CARVED IN STONE”: DOCUMENTARY, LITERARY AND CULTURAL CONNOTATION IN BAI JUYI’S POETRY INSCRIPTION
Authors:   Nanjing University, Liu Chongxi
Published: March 2024

The poetry inscription, with Bai Juyi in the Middle Tang Era as its representative, began to express purely personal emotions in terms of content, which reflects the poet’s creative individuality. Bai takes stone as his friend, loves it, chants it, and inscribes poems on it, endowing it natural and personal qualities. Bai was the first poet to consciously combine “poetry” and “stone” with nearly 20 kinds of poetry inscriptions. Compared with book documents, Bai’s poetry inscriptions not only have the philological value of text criticism, but also have multiple functions, i. e., reproducing the historical context of poetry creation and transmitting as a “linguistic landscape”. Such humanistic connotation determines the significance of Bai’s poetry inscription in the history of Chinese literature and culture.
A RESEARCH ON BAI JUYI’S POETRY CREATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
Authors:   Shihezi University, Zhang Mengyun
Published: March 2024

The works of the Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi have been selected for many times into Chinese general language textbooks because of their popular significance and aesthetic value. The overall length is as much as 15 articles, ranking second only to Li Bo, Du Fu and Wang Wei. His poetry not only has a profound theoretical level, but also is widely accepted by readers of different ages. The reason is that his poetry creation has the characteristics of combining simplicity and sublime, which can naturally integrate popularity and aesthetics, reflecting more real life in thought, and at the same time has a high level of poetry theory. From the perspective of children’s literature, taking the internal research of literature as the method, this paper attempts to conduct an in-depth discussion on the theoretical guiding ideology, creative characteristics, writing content and aesthetic dimensions of Bai’s poetry, and combined with specific works, it analyzes the unique classical aesthetic phenomenon of giving consideration to the popularity in the readers’ expectation vision and the literary nature of the rules of poetry creation.
CHINESE XIQU THEATER ON THE PAGES OF DREAM OF THE RED CHAMBER: THE PHENOMENON OF “HOME THEATER” IN THE QING PERIOD
Authors:   Inner Mongolia Normal University, Bryleva Natalia
Published: March 2024

The Dream of the Red Chamber by Cao Xueqin, being the pinnacle of Chinese classical literature, has been studied and commented on for several centuries. Being a recognized encyclopedia of old Chinese life, this novel provides the reader with numerous information about various aspects of the life of the aristocracy of Qing China. The theme of the theatre is one of the most interesting aspects of traditional culture, reflected in the pages of “Hongloumen”. The novel provides information about the peculiarities of the social status of actors, the composition of theatre troupes and their varieties, repertoire, the ways of organization of performances, the management system of troupes, etc. There are not so many “opera scenes” in the Dream of the Red Chamber, but they cover a wide range of the existence of musical drama. Based on this information, it is possible to identify the specifics of “house troupes” in the Qing period, to consider the role, functions and influence of opera productions on the characters of the novel, to trace the fate of the actors. The novel Dream of the Red Chamber is an inexhaustible source of knowledge about the traditions and cultural features of imperial China.
“FEMALE CONSCIOUSNESS” IN CHINESE WOMEN’S LITERATURE OF THE 1980s–1990s
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kulikova Anastasiia
Published: March 2024

In the 1980s appeared a new generation of female writers (Zhang Jie, Tie Ning, Wang Anyi, Can Xue), whose names are associated with the formation of contemporary Chinese women’s prose, which is characterized by deep psychologism and various female characters. The difficulty of studying Chinese women’s literature lies directly in the manifestation of gender traits. The purpose of the report is to analyze the representation of female consciousness in the fiction of Chinese female writers of the 1980s to the mid-1990s (Zhang Jie, Can Xue, Wang Anyi, etc).
ORTHODOX CHURCHES OF HARBIN IN THE BOOKS OF NATALIA ILYINA
Authors:   Sakhalin State University, Ikonnikova Elena
Published: March 2024

The images of Orthodox churches in the Natalia Ilyina’s books are fragmentary, but with careful reading they allow us to restore the cultural image of Harbin in the first half of the twentieth century. Natalia Ilyina never writes the full names of temples and, most often, uses the word “church” in books. The writer tells about a variety of Orthodox places in Harbin: St. Nicholas Cathedral (St. Nicholas Cathedral) Cathedral (not far from it the writer lived in the first years of her stay in Harbin), as well as a number of other Harbin churches: St. Sophia Cathedral (the Church of St. Sophia, St. Sophia Church), the temple of the Iver Icon of the Mother of God, the Alekseevskaya Church in Modyagou (the name of one of the districts of Harbin), the Kazan-Bogoroditsky Monastery and the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin. Natalia Ilyina associates the Orthodox Church not only with religion, but with the space in which the heroes of the books dream about their future, go through difficult times of personal and public life, and remember Russia.