bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urine-sample-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells as a model to study PCSK9-mediated autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Si-Tayeb Karim , Idriss Salam , Champon Benoite , Caillaud Amandine , Pichelin Matthieu , Arnaud Lucie , Lemarchand Patricia , Le May Cédric , Zibara Kazem , Cariou Bertrand
Published: December 2015

Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a critical modulator of cholesterol homeostasis. Whereas PCSK9 gain-of-function (GOF) mutations are associated with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH) and premature atherosclerosis, PCSK9 loss-of-function (LOF) mutations have a cardio-protective effect and in some cases can lead to familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL). However, limitations of the currently available cellular models preclude deciphering the consequences of PCSK9 mutation further. We aimed to validate urine-sample-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells (UhiPSCs) as an appropriate tool to model PCSK9-mediated ADH and FHBL. To achieve our goal, urine-sample-derived somatic cells were reprogrammed into hiPSCs by using episomal vectors. UhiPSC were efficiently differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs). Compared to control cells, cells originally derived from an individual with ADH (HLC-S127R) secreted less PCSK9 in the media (−38.5%; P=0.038) and had a 71% decrease (P<0.001) of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake, whereas cells originally derived from an individual with FHBL (HLC-R104C/V114A) displayed a strong decrease in PCSK9 secretion (−89.7%; P<0.001) and had a 106% increase (P=0.0104) of LDL uptake. Pravastatin treatment significantly enhanced LDL receptor (LDLR) and PCSK9 mRNA gene expression, as well as PCSK9 secretion and LDL uptake in both control and S127R HLCs. Pravastatin treatment of multiple clones led to an average increase of LDL uptake of 2.19±0.77-fold in HLC-S127R compared to 1.38±0.49 fold in control HLCs (P<0.01), in line with the good response to statin treatment of individuals carrying the S127R mutation (mean LDL cholesterol reduction=60.4%, n=5). In conclusion, urine samples provide an attractive and convenient source of somatic cells for reprogramming and hepatocyte differentiation, but also a powerful tool to further decipher PCSK9 mutations and function.
Natural Fractures and Their Effects on Reservoir Reconstruction in Lower Cambrian Shale, Southeast Chongqing, China
Authors: Li Dahua , Jiao Weiwei , Yue Feng , Xiang Xiaojun , Pan Linhua
Published: December 2015

Natural fractures in shale are important for the preservation and exploitation of shale gas. The classification of fracture types and characterization of system parameters would help to better evaluate reservoir properties. An evaluation of the relationship between natural fractures and hydraulic fractures may help to predict the effects of fracturing on reservoir properties and assist fracturing design. This study focuses on fractures in Lower Cambrian marine shale in southeast Chongqing, China. The fracture system is characterized in detail through observations and descriptions of several outcrops, cores, and thin sections. Hydraulic fracturing experiments were conducted using a large-size triaxial simulator, enabling us to discuss the effects of natural fractures on the creation of hydraulic fractures in a reservoir. The shale contains three primary fracture types: structural fractures, digenetic fractures, and abnormal pressure fractures. High-angle shear fractures (75°–90° from bedding) are the dominant type of seepage fractures observed in the study area. Three sets of tectonic fractures were formed during three tectonic movements. East–west fractures formed mainly in the Yanshanian. Hydraulic fracturing experiments indicated that the Lower Cambrian shale had a good level of reconstruction. The interference between natural fractures and hydraulic fractures has resulted in the segmentation. This study maybe have some reference for fracturing parameter design.
Quantitative Evaluation on the Elastic Property of Oil-Bearing Mudstone/Shale from a Chinese Continental Basin
Authors: Li Junqian , Lu Shuangfang , Xue Haitao , Xie Liujuan , Zhang Pengfei
Published: December 2015

This study aims at quantitatively evaluating the impact of material compositions on the elastic property (static Young's modulus) of oil-bearing mudstone and shale (MS). Six samples (two mudstone and four shale) from a Chinese continental basin (Bohai Bay basin) were investigated under different hydrostatic triaxial compression conditions. The primary findings of this study include the following: (a) the elastic property of MS rocks are sensitive to the hydrostatic confinement condition. In response, the MS Young's modulus gradually increases with increasing confining stress. (b) The mineralogical compositions impacting the MS Young's modulus primarily include quartz, plagioclase, calcite and clay. Overall, the total content of siliceous (calcareous) minerals has a positive (negative) effect on Young's modulus. Clay also contributes to the decrease of Young's modulus. (c) Due to its relatively low stiffness and strength, organic matter has a substantially negative impact on Young's modulus. (d) MS reservoirs that contain a high siliceous mineral content will be favorable to hydraulic fracturing. Finally, an empirical model evaluating MS Young's modulus was established by coupling Young's modulus with material compositions; the model shows a good fit with the experimental results. Thus, the MS Young's modulus is comprehensively affected by multiple constituents found in MS rocks and can be expressed as a function of material composition.
Developing a wintering waterfowl community baseline for environmental monitoring of Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island
Authors: Kreakie Betty J. , Winiarski Kristopher , McKinney Richard
Published: December 2015

In 2004, the Atlantic Ecology Division of the US Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Research and Development began an annual winter waterfowl survey of Rhode Island’s Narragansett Bay. Herein, we explore the survey data gathered from 2004 to 2011 in order to establish a benchmark understanding of our waterfowl communities and to establish a statistical framework for future environmental monitoring. The abundance and diversity of wintering waterfowl were relatively stable during the initial years of this survey, except in 2010 when there was a large spike in abundance and a reciprocal fall in diversity. There was no significant change in ranked abundance of most waterfowl species, with only Bufflehead (Bucephala albeola) and Hooded Merganser (Lophodytes cucllatus) showing a slight yet significant upward trend during the course of our survey period. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) was used to examine the community structure of wintering waterfowl. The results of the NMDS indicate that there is a spatial structure to the waterfowl communities of Narragansett Bay and this structure has remained relatively stable since the survey began. Our NMDS analysis helps to solidify what is known anecdotally about the bay’s waterfowl ecology, and provides a formalized benchmark for long-term monitoring of Narragansett Bay’s waterfowl communities. Birds, including waterfowl, are preferred bioindicators and we propose using our multivariate approach to monitor the future health of the bay. While this research focuses on a specific area of New England, these methods can be easily applied to novel areas of concern and provide a straightforward nonparametric approach to community-level monitoring. The methods provide a statistic test to examine potential drivers of community turnover and well-suited visualization tools.
Recent advances in treatment of heart failure
Authors: Kitai Takeshi , Tang WH Wilson
Published: December 2015

With the total cases and economic burden of heart failure continuing to rise, there is an overwhelming need for novel therapies. Several drugs for heart failure have succeeded in preclinical and early-phase clinical trials, but most of them failed to show the real benefit in pivotal clinical trials. Meanwhile, the US Food and Drug Administration recently approved two promising new drugs to treat heart failure: ivabradine and sacubitril/valsartan. Furthermore, some of the newer agents in testing offer the potential for significant progress in addition to these drugs. Patiromer and zirconium cyclosilicate are attractive agents that are expected to prevent hyperkalemia during renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition, and serelaxin and urodilatin are promising drugs in the treatment of acute heart failure. Future clinical trials with more appropriate study designs, optimal clinical endpoints, and proper patient selection are mandatory to assess the true efficacy of these attractive compounds in clinical practice.
FGF23 as a calciotropic hormone
Authors: Rodríguez-Ortiz María E. , Rodríguez Mariano
Published: December 2015

Maintaining mineral metabolism requires several organs and hormones. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a phosphatonin produced by bone cells that reduces renal production of calcitriol – 1,25(OH)2D3 – and induces phosphaturia. The consequences of a reduction in 1,25(OH)2D3 involve changes in calcium homeostasis. There are several factors that regulate FGF23: phosphorus, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH). More recently, several studies have demonstrated that calcium also modulates FGF23 production. In a situation of calcium deficiency, the presence of 1,25(OH)2D3 is necessary to optimize intestinal absorption of calcium, and FGF23 is decreased to avoid a reduction in 1,25(OH)2D3 levels.
Preface to the special issue on referential devices in Uralic languages
Authors: Klumpp Gerson , Laury Ritva , Pajusalu Renate
Published: December 2015

Preface to the special issue on referential devices in Uralic languages
Making referents accessible in multi-party interaction
Authors: Monzoni Chiara M. , Laury Ritva
Published: December 2015

The paper discusses cases in which referents that have not been mentioned previously are assessed without any overt mention of those referents but are rather made accessible through multimodal means, which are finely calibrated with what else is going on in the conversation. The authors suggest that the cases discussed raise important questions about reference and referentiality. The data are multiperson conversations in Italian and Finnish.
On the referential interpretation of computer-mediated narratives
Authors: Laczkó Krisztina , Tátrai Szilárd
Published: December 2015

The paper explores the referential interpretation of narratives through a case study of computer-mediated narrative discourse, a thread of Hungarian stories on an online discussion site. In particular, we are looking to find out what directs the addressee’s attention and how as she attempts to interpret such stories. Adopting the perspective of social cognitive linguistics, we interpret narrative discourses as joint attentional scenes whose interacting participants contribute to the intersubjective construal of referential scenes (including narrative ones) by directing and following each other’s attention. The main results of the investigation are as follows. 1) In the construal of the physical and social worlds of these stories, a key role is played by the deictic relation based on spatial and temporal contiguity which connects the world of the story to the world of the narrative discourse, interpreted as a joint attentional scene. 2) These narrative discourses frequently objectivize, in the form of metapragmatic reflections, both the situatedness of the referential centre (which lies with the storyteller), and the narrator’s subjective attitude to the narrated events.
Resolving ambiguity of demonstrative use in Kamas
Authors: Klumpp Gerson
Published: December 2015

The purpose of the present paper is to establish pragmatic criteria which help in parsing syntactically ambiguous instances of a sequence of demonstrative pronoun and noun (D_N) in the Kamas text corpus. The paper also gives an account of the Kamas demonstrative system as encountered in the grammatical, lexical and text records.
Observations on non-possessive usages of personal markers (possessive suffixes) in Nganasan
Authors: Zayzon Réka
Published: December 2015

This paper aims at a systematic overview of the non-possessive usages of possessive (relational) suffixes in Nganasan. In the analyzed corpus, the non-anchoring usage types of the 3rd person suffix (including the direct anaphoric and situational usages), are less frequent than relational usages. The distribution of the suffixes suggests that in traditional narratives, the primary topic of the discourse tends to be marked with a deictic (2nd person) and the secondary topic with an anaphoric (3rd person) suffix. The language data also show that in Nganasan, the concept of semantic uniqueness does not suffice to explain the occurrence of the 3rd person suffix as definiteness marker, the topical status of the referent being decisive. Furthermore, predicting the (possessive vs. non-possessive) reading of the relational suffix solely by the conceptual type of the host noun is in case of some lexemes impossible and therefore, contextual information gains crucial importance.
Foci of Algebraic Curves
Authors: Гирш  , Girsh A.
Published: December 2015

Curves have always been part geometry. Initially, there

were lines and circle, then it was added to a conic section and

later, with the advent of analytic geometry, they added more complex

curves. Particularly in a number of lines are algebraic curves

that are described by algebraic equations. Curves found application

mostly in mechanics. Today algebraic curves used in engineering

and in mathematics, in number theory, knot theory, computer science,

criminology, etc. With the bringing to account of complex

numbers became possible to consider curves in the complex plane.

It has expanded the horizons of geometry and enriched their knowledge

on curves, particularly on algebraic curves. Our goal is to give

a geometric picture of the foci of algebraic curves clearly show the

position of the foci in the plane, show how the number of foci associated

with a class curve. The solution of this problem we see in

the application we have developed ways to visualize imaginary

images to the study of foci and focal centers of algebraic curves.

This article explains the concept of the foci of algebraic curves

shows the basic principle of the curve-theory and offers a method

for the identification of the foci. The geometric picture of the foci

is shown in a diagram, which is putted together from two tables.

One table shows the real curve with her foci, the other table shows

an imaginary cut of the curve, on which the isotropic line contacts

the cut and under them intersects in a real point. The point is a

focal point of the real curve. This project shows 16 diagrams for

conic, cubes and quadrics.
Multidimensional Ellsberg
Authors: Eliaz Kfir , Ortoleva Pietro
Published: December 2015

The classical Ellsberg experiment presents individuals with a choice problem in which the probability of winning a prize is unknown (uncertain). In this paper, we study how individuals make choices between gambles in which the uncertainty is in different dimensions: the winning probability, the amount of the prize, the payment date, and the combinations thereof. Although the decision-theoretic models accommodate a rich variety of behaviors, we present experimental evidence that points at systematic behavioral patterns: (i) no uncertainty is preferred to uncertainty on any single dimension and to uncertainty on multiple dimensions, and (ii) “correlated” uncertainty on multiple dimensions is preferred to uncertainty on any single dimension.

Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2240 .

This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
Intrinsic Variability in Group and Individual Decision Making
Authors: Melkonyan Tigran , Safra Zvi
Published: December 2015

The paper examines the random preference model, which can explain inherent variability of preferences in managerial and individual decision making and provides axiomatizations for the utility components of two such models differentiated by the structure of core preferences: expected utility (EU) and betweenness-like preferences. We then examine the possibility of violations of weak stochastic transitivity for these models and for a model with core dual EU preferences. Such violations correspond to the existence of Condorcet cycles, and therefore, the analysis has implications for managerial decision making and for majority rule voting. The paper also investigates implications of its findings for two popular experimental settings.

This paper was accepted by James Smith, decision analysis.
Public Forecast Information Sharing in a Market with Competing Supply Chains
Authors: Shamir Noam , Shin Hyoduk
Published: December 2015

Studying the operational motivation of a retailer to publicly announce his forecast information, this paper shows that by making forecast information publicly available to both his manufacturer and to the competitor, a retailer is able to credibly share his forecast information—an outcome that cannot be achieved by merely exchanging information within the supply chain. We model a market comprised of an incumbent supply chain facing the possible entry of a competing supply chain. In each supply chain, a retailer sources the product from a manufacturer, and the manufacturers must secure capacity prior to the beginning of the selling season. Due to the superior knowledge of the incumbent retailer about the consumer market, he privately observes a signal about the consumer’s demand, which may be high or low. We first confirm that the retailer cannot credibly share this forecast information only with his manufacturer within the supply chain, since, regardless of the observed signal, the retailer has an incentive to inflate to induce the manufacturer to secure a high capacity level. However, when the information is also shared with the competitor, the incumbent retailer faces the trade-off between the desire to secure an ample capacity level and the fear of intense competition. By making information publicly available, it is possible to achieve truthful information sharing; an incumbent retailer observing a high forecast benefits from the increased capacity level to such an extent that he is willing to engage in intense competition to prove his accountability for the shared information. On the other hand, an incumbent retailer with a low forecast is not willing to engage in intense competition in exchange for the high level of capacity; thus, he truthfully reveals his low forecast to weaken competition. Moreover, we demonstrate that this public information sharing can benefit all the firms in the market as well as consumers. In addition, we show that compared to the advance purchase contract, all the firms except the incumbent manufacturer can be better off using public information sharing under a simple wholesale price contract.

This paper was accepted by Yossi Aviv, operations management.
Don't call me dear: age discrimination or just a tradition?
Authors: Elaswarapu Rekha
Published: December 2015

Terms of endearment, such as ‘dear’, ‘love’ or ‘sweatheart’, are common, especially in certain parts of the country. Rekha Elaswarapu examines new regulatory standards and judgements and asks whether these terms ultimately have an impact on individuals and their care
Holistic approaches to care: considering aromatherapy
Authors: Laming Eleanor
Published: December 2015

Holistic therapies can arguably have various benefits for older people. Eleanor Laming describes the results of a study conducted in a care home, which found that aromatherapy can have a cathartic effect in terms of calming residents and promoting social interaction
Criminal records checks: an employer's guide
Authors: Butler Frances , Lawrence Georgina
Published: December 2015

What should you do if you find out a job applicant, or even a current employee, has a criminal record? Francis Butler and Georgina Lawrence advise to avoid knee-jerk reactions and remember employers do not have an unlimited right to information
Dress code considerations: appropriate attire in the work place
Authors: English James
Published: December 2015

Dress codes in the workplace can often prove to be a contentious issue. James English, Senior Solicitor at Hempsons Law, discusses the legal implications in nursing and residential care homes and offers some advice on how to avoid discrimination cases
Corporate manslaughter: why care homes should take notice
Authors: Hill Tim
Published: December 2015

In 2015, Sherwood Rise Ltd became the first care home in England and Wales to be successfully prosecuted for corporate manslaughter. As the number of prosecutions rise, it's a timely warning, says Tim Hill
When hard work and hope are not enough
Authors: Windatt Peter
Published: December 2015

Setting up a business can be a precarious process and sometimes things might not go to plan. Peter Windatt offers some advice on what to do should a business hit tough times. If professional, impartial advice is sought, the results may not be as bad as first thought
Implementing the Care Certificate: good communication
Authors: Ashurst Adrian
Published: December 2015

In this article, Adrian Ashurst discusses the importance of communication in ensuring the best care for older people. He highlights that this may not always be verbal, and can include alternative methods such as sign language, braille and written communication
Nymph()maniac as retro Scandinavian blue
Authors: Badley Linda
Published: December 2015

Lars von Trier’s most ‘literary’ and broadly allusive film, Nymph()maniac (2013, 2014) is a throwback of sorts: its characters, formal elements and controversies resemble those of the successfully exported Scandinavian erotic cinema of the 1950s–1970s. I explore Nymph()maniac’s ‘blue’ heritage in terms of three subgenres: the female erotic coming-of-age narrative (as in Sommaren med Monika/Summer with Monika [Bergman, 1953] and Jeg – en kvinde/I, a Woman [Ahlberg, 1965]), the topical/socio-political erotic film (Jag är nyfiken – gul/blåt/I Am Curious (Yellow) and (Blue) [Sjöman, 1967/1968]) and the sex-ed/sexploitation film (the Ur kärlekens språk/Language of Love tetralogy [Wickman, 1969–1972] and Anita – ur en tonårsflickas dagbok/Anita: Swedish Nymphet [Wickman, 1973]). Like these films, Nymph()maniac is an outrageous, experimental and conflicted hybrid. Radically divided – as signalled by the shift from nostalgia and light comedy in Volume I to the dark cynicism of Volume II – it is ultimately propelled by Trier’s desire to restage controversies surrounding sex and female agency.
Diversity and Demographics of Zooarchaeologists: Results from a Digital Survey
Authors: Pilaar Birch Suzanne E.
Published: December 2015

Nearly 25 years ago, a “Zooarchaeology Practitioner Survey” was distributed via conventional mail to individuals in the USA and Canada and received 122 responses over a period of several months in 1991. Now, a revised “Demographics in Zooarchaeology Survey” provides an update to  those data and assesses the current state of the field. The 2014 survey remained open for 3 months and received 288 responses from practitioners worldwide. Global participation was made possible by hosting the survey online. Key findings of the 1991 survey included disparities in employment rank for women despite similar levels of degree level attainment as men, a point which the 2014 survey sought to investigate. This trend appears to persist for those without the PhD and at the highest levels of income for those holding a PhD. In addition, the recent survey asked participants about their racial or ethnic identity in order to evaluate the demographic diversity of the discipline beyond sex, age, and nationality. Data regarding topical and geographic research area were also collected and reflect a subtle bias towards working with mammals and a focus on research questions grounded in prehistory in Europe and North America, followed by Australia and Southwest Asia. Results are compared with those of the earlier survey and membership information from the International Council for Archaeozoology.
Small-Scale and Industrial Gold Mining Histories in Nangodi, Upper East Region, Ghana
Authors: Renne Elisha P.
Published: December 2015

This paper examines gold mining history in Nangodi, which has linked residents of this small, rural community in northeastern Ghana with successive political regimes, changing mining laws, and the vagaries of the global economy, reflected in fluctuating gold prices. Nangodi presents a distinctive gold mining history in Ghana as it had the only industrial mine open in the former Northern Territories. Gold mining there was influenced when men who had mining experience in southern Ghana came to Nangodi. This historical analysis clarifies the ways that past mining-related actions in Nangodi have had consequences for those presently living in this impoverished area of Ghana. While Nangodi residents have benefited economically from gold mining, they have also experienced detrimental health, environmental, and legal consequences from it, underscoring the political and economic vulnerability as well as the social and cultural resiliency of such gold mining communities.
Rebranding the Neoliberal City: Urban Nature as Spectacle, Medium, and Agency
Authors: Langhorst Joern
Published: December 2015

Post-industrial sites are frequently seen as aesthetically sublime, considered as iconic reminders of an ongoing de-industrialization, and interpreted as symbols of the failure of the industrial age. Simultaneously they are also locations to re-imagine, reinvent and recover landscapes as agents for essential, sustainable, and environmentally-just urban transformations. The most visible discourses on post-industrial urban sites emphasize issues of environmental justice, pollution mitigation, adaptive reuse, and, in the context of urban redevelopment and renewal, benefits and performances based on ecological functions and processes. On the one hand, current concepts such as “landscape urbanism”, “sustainable urbanism” and “ecological urbanism” (as conceptual and practical alternatives to the mainstream forces of urban development) suggest ecology as a redemptive agent. Conversely, established and new hegemonial agendas of global development and neoliberal capitalization focus on political and economic interests involved in the complex processes of urban renewal, gentrification, redevelopment.

These competing discourses construct post-industrial sites as highly contested terrains, and variously instrumentalize emergent ecologies and “urban nature”. Post-industrial sites themselves can be decoded as physical manifestations (material) – and representations (medium) – of such discourses. In this context, the present paper analyzes the High Line in New York City, one of the most recent iconic design projects on a post-industrial urban site. It draws on WJT Mitchell who frames city and urban space as “both represented and presented space, both a signifier and a signified and uses the idea that spaces operates simultaneously as real place and a way of seeing. It will argue that the agency of physical and material change in urban spaces extends beyond its economic, functional and ecological performances into the aesthetic-representational practices of “seeing” and “being seen”.
Film und Literatur der 1970er Jahre
Authors: Paefgen Elisabeth K.
Published: December 2015

Film und Literatur haben sich in den 1970er Jahren einander angenähert. Das hat den Film, vor allem aber die Literatur verändert. Leser_innen rezipieren Romane, lyrische und essayistische Texte anders, wenn sie die filmische Gestaltung in die Lektüre miteinbeziehen - eine Entwicklung, welche die Literaturwissenschaft bisher außer Acht gelassen hat. In ihrer Untersuchung geht Elisabeth K. Paefgen erstmals den filmischen Einflüssen in den Werken bekannter Autoren wie Ulrich Plenzdorf, Rolf Dieter Brinkmann und Wolf Biermann nach. Dabei bezieht sie auch die Filmkunst der 1970er Jahre mit ausgewählten Beispielen bekannter deutscher und europäischer Regisseure in die Diskussion mit ein und zeigt: Dieses Jahrzehnt ist nicht nur durch politisch-gesellschaftliche Umbrüche gekennzeichnet - auch die Künste haben einschneidende Wandlungen erfahren.
Prekäre koloniale Ordnung
Authors: Hamann Ulrike
Published: December 2015

Welche Krisen hat der Rassismus durch die Kämpfe Schwarzer Menschen im deutschen Kolonialreich erfahren? Während der langen 30 Jahre der Kolonialpolitik wurde Rassismus biopolitisch und gesellschaftsprägendes Paradigma. Ulrike Hamann zeigt, welche spezifischen Artikulationen des Rassismus wann aktuell waren und wie diese sich mit der kolonialen und nationalen Politik verbanden. Ausgangspunkt der Analyse sind dabei erstmals nicht die »Rasse«-Theorien, sondern die Widerstände dagegen in einer postkolonialen Lesart. Durch die Schriften von Mary Church Terrell, W.E.B. Du Bois und Rudolf Duala Manga Bell werden die Artikulationen des deutschen Rassismus benannt - aber auch gesellschaftliche Gegenbilder entworfen.
(Trans-)Formationen jüdischer Lebenswelten nach 1989
Authors: Vitti Vanda
Published: December 2015

Die Traumata des Holocaust prägen jüdische Generationen bis heute. Vanda Vittis historisch grundierte Ethnografie spürt der bewegten Geschichte und Gegenwart der jüdischen Minderheit in der Südslowakei am Beispiel der Städte Kosice und Lucenec nach. Biografische Interviews mit drei Generationen und stadtgeschichtliche Spurensuchen erhellen, wie sich jüdische Identitäten entwickelt haben - in Auseinandersetzung mit dem materiellen und immateriellen jüdischen Kulturerbe, mit Holocaust und Sozialismus, mit neuem Antisemitismus, alten Ängsten, aber auch mit neuen Fragen und Chancen im Rahmen der postsozialistischen Transformationen.
Mit Molekülen spielen
Authors: Kehrt Christian
Published: December 2015

Wie antwortet universitäre Grundlagenforschung auf die an sie herangetragenen gesellschaftlichen Anforderungen nach »Nützlichkeit« und »Transparenz«? Und wie können wissenschaftshistorische Ansätze zum Verständnis einer Zukunftstechnologie beitragen? Am Fallbeispiel Münchens untersucht Christian Kehrt die Entstehung nanotechnologischer Forschungsfelder und fragt unter Einbeziehung politischer, wirtschaftlicher, medialer und historischer Perspektiven danach, ob sich hier ein grundlegender Wandel der Wissenschaftskulturen abzeichnet. Kontinuitäten zeigen sich insbesondere im Bereich der experimentellen Halbleiter- und Biophysik, deren Akteure sich in den 1990er-Jahren am forschungspolitisch motivierten Diskurs der Nanotechnologie neu orientiert haben.
Postsozialistische Biografien und globalisierte Lebensentwürfe
Authors: Sommer Stephanie
Published: December 2015

Die Auflösung der Sowjetunion im Jahr 1991 hat nicht nur die politische Weltkarte verändert, sondern auch eine neue Generation mobiler Bildungseliten hervorgebracht. Im Rahmen einer multilokal angelegten Feldforschung in Russland und Deutschland zeigt Stephanie Sommer, inwiefern die Biografien und Selbstentwürfe von zwölf Vertretern junger, transnational gebildeter Eliten aus Sibirien nach wie vor im (Post-)Sozialismus verankert sind. Gleichzeitig wird der Prozess einer »inneren Globalisierung« der Lebensentwürfe nachgezeichnet. Beispiele zu Erinnerungen, Vorstellungswelten, Mobilitäten und Kulturtransfers lassen spezifisch russische Wege der Globalisierung und Modernisierung sichtbar werden.
Neuer Blick auf die Neue Typographie
Authors: Meer Julia
Published: December 2015

Julia Meer stellt die bisherige Rezeptionsgeschichte des »Mythos Neue Typographie« in Frage und arbeitet zugleich die frühe Professionalisierung des Grafik-Designs auf. Durch eine systematische Auswertung von Fachzeitschriften der Jahre 1900-1933 zeigt sie, dass die Neue Typographie weder neu war noch aufgrund ihrer Modernität abgelehnt wurde. Vielmehr wurde sie früh von den Fachleuten gefördert und zu einem werbewirksamen Stil weiterentwickelt. Damit ging ein Prozess einher, in dem sich einige Protagonisten der Avantgarde von Künstlern zu Designern professionalisierten. Die Studie eröffnet neue Perspektiven auf die Wirkungsweise und Verbreitungsprinzipien von Design und das Selbstverständnis von Designern.
Sentimentale Urbanität
Authors: Caplan Anne
Published: December 2015

Heimat als Allegorie von Identität versöhnt auf einzigartige Weise das Rationale mit dem Emotionalen. 1977 nahm sich der Künstler Daniel Spoerri dieses besondere Verhältnis zum Vorbild für die Entwicklung seines Musée Sentimental und eine damit verknüpfte städtische Identitätsarbeit. Die Gestalterin Anne Caplan überträgt die von Spoerri entwickelte Methode zur Sentimentalisierung auf den Designprozess, um so mittels Gestaltung ein individuelles Alltagsgedächtnis für städtische Identitäten im Ruhrgebiet fruchtbar zu machen.
A Fuller View of China: Chinese Art in the Seattle Art Museum (Yiu)
Authors: Worrall Mary
Published: December 2015

This work is a book review considering the title A Fuller View of China: Chinese Art in the Seattle Art Museum by Josh Yiu.
Fifth IPCC Assessment Report Now Out
Authors: Kundzewicz Zbigniew W.
Published: December 2015

The Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is now available. It provides policymakers with an assessment of information on climate change, its impacts and possible response options (adaptation and mitigation). Summaries for policymakers of three reports of IPCC working groups and of the Synthesis Report have now been approved by IPCC plenaries. This present paper reports on the most essential findings in AR5. It briefly informs on the contents of reports of all IPCC working groups. It discusses the physical science findings, therein observed changes (ubiquitous warming, shrinking cryosphere, sea level rise, changes in precipitation and extremes, and biogeochemical cycles). It deals with the drivers of climate change, progress in climate system understanding (evaluation of climate models, quantification of climate system responses), and projections for the future. It reviews impacts, adaptation and vulnerability, including observed changes, key risks, key reasons for concern, sectors and systems, and managing risks and building resilience. Finally, mitigation of climate change is discussed, including greenhouse gas emissions in the past, present and future, and mitigation in sectors. It is hoped that the present article will encourage the readership of this journal to dive into the AR5 report that provides a wealth of useful information.
Agroforestry Systems In Poland A Preliminary Identification
Authors: Borek Robert
Published: December 2015

This paper seeks to use state-of-the-art knowledge to depict the foundations and prospects for agroforestry systems in Poland to develop, in line with political, legal, historical and environmental conditions pertaining in the country. The main legal provisions concerning the presence of trees in agriculture are presented prior to a first-ever defining of key traditional agroforestry systems in Poland.
“A Person Not In The Story”: Clérambault’s And M. R. James’s Textile/Textual Folds
Authors: Turcu Luminița-Elena
Published: December 2015

Though unrelated when it comes to their scientific occupations, Clérambault and M. R. James give to the 21st-century observer the impression that they were strikingly similar in their compulsive preoccupation with draped bodies or with what Gilles Deleuze names “the Fold”. The article investigates the manner in which the French psychiatrist exploited his passion in the innumerable photographs he took in Morocco and in which the English philologist exorcised his fear in fiction, especially in one of his best-known short stories, “Oh, Whistle and I’ll Come to You, My Lad”.
Impact of processing parameters on the LTCC channels geometry
Authors: Macioszczyk Jan , Malecha Karol , Stafiniak Andrzej , Golonka Leszek J.
Published: December 2015

A great advantage of Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics (LTCC) yields the possibility of channel and air cavity fabrication. Such empty spaces have numerous applications, for example, in microfluidics, microwave techniques and integrated packaging. However, improper geometry of these structures can degrade the performance of the final device. The processing parameters recommended by the LTCC tape supplier are relevant for the production of multilayer circuits but not surface embedded channels and/or cavities. Thus, it is important to examine which factors of the fabrication process are the most significant. In our study, special attention has been paid to the geometric performance of the channel structure resulting from the applied processing parameters. Laser cutting parameters were checked to obtain the structures with great fidelity. The impact of an isostatic lamination on the quality of the final structure was analyzed. The influence of pressure and temperature of the lamination process on the channel geometry and tape shrinkage were examined. The performed experiments showed that some improvements in channel/cavity geometry may be achieved by optimizing the processing procedures. The microscopic observations combined with the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed which combinations of the processing parameters are the best for achieving a channel/cavity structure with the desired geometry.
A Giant Right Coronary Artery of Diffuse Ectasia Induced by a Right Ventricular Fistula
Authors: Li Renyuan , Ni Yiming , Teng Peng , Li Weidong
Published: December 2015

Coronary artery fistula (CAF) is a rare entity. Sometimes it may associate with mild diffuse or segmental coronary ectasia. CAF with giant coronary artery is exceptionally rare. We present a unique case of a 49-year-old female patient with a giant right coronary artery of diffuse ectasia coexisting with a fistula draining into the right ventricle. To our best knowledge, CAF with diffuse coronary ectasia of such giant size has never been reported. The patient was treated successfully by resection of the dilated right coronary artery, fistula closure, and coronary artery bypass grafting.
La idea de filosofía en el Tractatus de Wittgenstein
Authors: Garcés Héctor Fabio González
Published: December 2015

Este escrito pretende trazar algunas líneas de reflexión en torno a la concepción que sobre filosofía puede hallarse en el Tractatus Logicophilosophicus, luego de haber encontrado contradicciones en los comentaristas de la obra de Wittgenstein. Se podría asumir que esas lecturas son, medianamente, correctas. Sin embargo, la discusión actual debe volver a nociones como mundo, filosofía, cosa-combinada, espacio lógico, para evitar que se siga apoyando la discusión en lo que Wittgenstein, realmente, no dijo.
Panegírico Carolina Rodríguez y su paso por la filosofía analítica
Authors: Santamaría Freddy
Published: December 2015

Me han dado el honor de hablar de la obra filosófica de Carolina Rodríguez,
y como homenaje a ella hablaré en este panegírico de su paso por la tradición analítica. Dicho sea desde ya que fue la analítica su método filosófico, que le dio las herramientas necesarias para acercarse de manera rigurosa, seria, ordenada y poco “romántica” a la obra de Hobbes y de algunos empiristas.
Una consideración sobre el espacio en Leonardo da Vinci, desde la ciencia, el arte y la filosofía
Authors: Clavijo Ana Cecilia Vallejo
Published: December 2015

La necesidad de captar, transmitir y comunicar la realidad a través del sentido de la vista, la experiencia vivida y la habilidad manual constituye uno de los propósitos más importantes en las obras de Leonardo da Vinci. Se aclara, sin embargo, que al querer abordar el espacio en una pintura o en un dibujo, el proceso de elaboración de este debe inicialmente centrarse en operaciones mentales, dado que ellas mismas residen en el espíritu del pintor. Para Da Vinci, el espacio es concebido desde una peculiar visión de la matemática y la geometría, puesto que ellas mismas son concebidas desde una perspectiva dinámica y visual. De la misma manera, el criterio adoptado para analizar el desplazamiento del cuerpo en el espacio es lo visual, lo cualitativo, acorde con el realismo aristotélico. El tránsito de integración que presenta el artista entre la teoría y la práctica vendrá a constituirse en el eje fundamental de la ciencia moderna, en particular en la física newtoniana, dado su carácter operativo.
La concomitancia entre la formalidad y la informalidad a través del cine
Authors: Flórez Martha Lucía
Published: December 2015

Un aprendiz de una lengua extranjera debe estar expuesto al lenguaje que se requiere para un desenvolvimiento integral tanto en situaciones formales como informales. Los coloquialismos nos ofrecen una riqueza de vocabulario y expresiones, en tanto transmiten cultura y son fuente de conocimiento y distinción entre las variedades de un lenguaje. Así, la adquisición de un nuevo lenguaje no se centra únicamente en el aprendizaje de estructuras formales, sino también en la expansión del léxico a través de las expresiones coloquiales que cada variedad ofrece. Para ello se necesita un cambio de actitud tanto del que imparte como del que recibe. El reto no solamente consiste en la inclusión de las expresiones coloquiales en nuestras aulas, sino también en cómo lograr que el estudiante adquiera una fácil comprensión de ellas. Este artículo está enfocado a establecer qué tan signiicativo y valioso es el cine para alcanzar este cometido.
El multiculturalismo en un juego de contextos estatales, regionales y globales en África
Authors: Wabgou Maguemati
Published: December 2015

En este artículo se hacen algunas referencias a la riqueza y vitalidad de las culturas de África que sirvan para cimentar políticas multiculturales en el continente. Esto lleva a abordar la problemática sobre la nación incluyente y el Estado en África, y a examinar los alcances de la búsqueda de la unidad nacional a partir de la diversidad cultural de los pueblos africanos; es decir, este artículo se enfoca en el análisis de las relaciones entre los Estados africanos y las diversidades culturales.
La libertad de los esclavos frente a la legislación y las ideas antiesclavistas en el Nuevo Reino de Granada entre la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII y comienzos del XIX
Authors: Silva Fabián Leonardo Benavides
Published: December 2015

El presente artículo indaga sobre las vías jurídicas con los cuales contó el negro esclavo para mejorar su condición de vida o conseguir la libertad en el Nuevo Reino de Granada frente a la legislación española (metropolitana o virreinal), entre la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII y comienzos del XIX. Asimismo, se efectúa un “sondeo” respecto a las ideas antiesclavistas que pudieron enarbolar ciertos sectores de la población neogranadina en el periodo objeto de estudio.
La “República de Colombia” del Libertador Simón Bolívar
Authors: Celis Carlos Uribe
Published: December 2015

Este ensayo traza el recorrido histórico de la “República de Colombia” como la visualizó, la programó y le dio vida el Libertador Simón Bolívar. La “República de Colombia” de Bolívar era la unión de lo que después constituyeron tres repúblicas distintas, hoy conocidas como Venezuela. Colombia y Ecuador. Bolívar aprovecha parcialmente una idea original de Miranda (la “Colombeia” del sueño continental del Precursor), y este ensayo ilustra la configuración del proyecto bolivariano, desde sus comienzos ajenos hasta la disolución del mismo, lo que prácticamente coincide con la muerte del Libertador. La historia de “Colombia” se ubica aquí en el contexto de la lucha bolivariana por la Independencia del norte y centro de Suramérica.
Literatura e Independencia
Authors: De Díaz Marta González
Published: December 2015

Al abordar el tema “Literatura e independencia” como objeto de reflexión en este escrito, es pertinente dar una mirada y hacer un análisis, así sea somero, de la situación de los ‘ilustrados’ en la Nueva Granada, y del papel que desempeñaron en la conformación cultural de la sociedad neogranadina. Esto nos permitirá examinar la idea de una independencia cultural en lo que respecta a las creaciones literarias, y presentar las figuras de dos grandes escritores que encarnan dos maneras diferentes de asumir el reto de esa independencia: Andrés Bello y Domingo Faustino Sarmiento.
Transhumanismo: concepciones, alcances y tendencias
Authors: Cardozo John Jairo , Cabrera Tania Meneses
Published: December 2015

El presente artículo rastrea las principales fuentes contemporáneas e históricas del movimiento filosófico e intelectual denominado transhumanismo. Recurre a la propuesta elaborada por Nick Borstom, que permite exponer un panorama general de este movimiento, en principio acudiendo a relatos míticos para luego situar el discurso en una propuesta que desde los siglos XVIII y XIX se viene apoyando en discursos científicos y, más recientemente ‒desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX‒, hace alusión a la estrecha relación entre ciencia, técnica y tecnología, con el objetivo de hacer un uso ético y racional para el desarrollo mental y biológico del ser humano. Se presentan, además de los hitos en el transhumanismo, los diferentes momentos históricos que han forjado el concepto hasta nuestros días. Para concluir, se plantean como abrebocas algunos de los debates que, en términos éticos, políticos y sociales, han desatado propuestas concretas de transhumanismo.
Pensamiento prospectivo: visión sistémica de la construcción del futuro
Authors: Rodríguez Carlos Mera
Published: December 2015

En un mundo globalizado y complejo como el de hoy, se hace necesario que las personas, las organizaciones, las redes y los sistemas en general conozcan y utilicen una herramienta vital para la construcción del futuro: el pensamiento prospectivo y la prospectiva estratégica. En este documento, pretendemos conocer los antecedentes y las diferentes conceptualizaciones de la prospectiva, y sus aplicaciones en los diferentes ámbitos; por último, se presenta uno de losmodelos y las metodologías utilizados actualmente en el desarrollo de ejercicios prospectivos.
Universidad, ciudadanía y TIC
Authors: Chaves G. J. Ignacio Iñaki
Published: December 2015

¿Está el mundo del siglo XXI del revés? Si miramos las noticias que nos venden los medios masivos de difusión de noticias y si analizamos la realidad social que nos rodea, la respuesta es SÍ. Si el mundo está patas arriba significa que la escuela, que forma parte de ese mundo, también se encuentra así. Dice Eduardo Galeano que si “(…) el plomo aprende a flotar y el corcho, a hundirse. Las víboras aprenden volar y las nubes aprenden a arrastrarse por los caminos” es que el mundo definitivamente está al revés. ¿Por qué este planteamiento inicial para hablar de Universidad, de ciudadanía y de nuevas tecnologías? Porque considero que en la situación del mundo de hoy, digital y pro-tecnológico en lo comunicativo, depredador y ciego en lo medioambiental, neoliberal y dictatorial en lo político, y capitalista y explotador en lo económico, tienen un rol relevante los tres campos enunciados en el título del presente artículo.
Diálogo con Angélica Sátiro
Authors: Rojas Chávez Víctor Andrés
Published: December 2015

Esta entrevista fue realizada durante la visita de Angélica Sátiro a Colombia en el año 2013, en el marco del V Seminario Internacional de Filosofía para Niños: Pensar una ciudadanía creativa y V congreso internacional de creatividad e innovación social realizado en Uniminuto, Bogotá. Angélica Sátiro es Directora de la Casa Creativa, consultora para proyectos, actividades, materiales e investigaciones sobre la creatividad, Presidenta de la asociación Crearmundos BCN, Investigadora en el campo de la relación ética/creatividad con DEA en Filosofía Práctica por la Universidad de Barcelona (España). Es Doctora Cum Laude en Pedagogía por la Universidad de Barcelona, con tesis sobre pedagogía de la ciudadanía creativa, Magíster en Creatividad Aplicada por la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (España), Posgraduada en Temas Filosóficos por la Universidad Federal de Minas Gerais (Brasil) y en Pedagogía Empresarial por la Universidad Estatal de Minas Gerais (Brasil), especialista en Filosofía para Niños por el IAPC (Institut for the Advancement of Philosophy for Children) por Montclair State University (E.E.UU) y Licenciada en Pedagogía por la Universidad Estatal de Minas Gerais (Brasil).