bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toxoplasma gondii IgG serointensity and cognitive function in bipolar disorder
Authors: Rensch Paul , Postolache Teodor T. , Dalkner Nina , Stross Tatjana , Constantine Niel , Dagdag Aline , Wadhawan Abhishek , Mohyuddin Farooq , Lowry Christopher A. , Joseph Joshua , Birner Armin , Fellendorf Frederike T. , Finner Alexander , Lenger Melanie , Maget Alexander , Painold Annamaria , Queissner Robert , Schmiedhofer Franziska , Smolle Stefan , Tmava-Berisha Adelina , Reininghaus Eva Z.
Published: August 2024

Background

Alongside affective episodes, cognitive dysfunction is a core symptom of bipolar disorder. The intracellular parasite T. gondii has been positively associated with both, the diagnosis of bipolar disorder and poorer cognitive performance, across diagnostic boundaries. This study aims to investigate the association between T. gondii seropositivity, serointensity, and cognitive function in an euthymic sample of bipolar disorder.

Methods

A total of 76 participants with bipolar disorder in remission were tested for T. gondii-specific IgG and IgM antibodies and for cognitive performance using neuropsychological test battery. Cognitive parameters were categorized into three cognitive domains (attention and processing speed, verbal memory, and executive function). Statistical analysis of associations between continuous indicators of cognitive function as dependent variables in relationship to T. gondii, included multivariate analyses of co-variance for seropositivity, and partial correlations with IgG serointensity in IgG seropositives. All analyses were controlled for age and premorbid IQ.

Results

In seropositives (n = 27), verbal memory showed significant inverse partial correlations with IgG antibody levels (short delay free recall (r=–0.539, p = 0.005), long delay free recall (r=–0.423, p = 0.035), and immediate recall sum trial 1–5 (r=–0.399, p = 0.048)). Cognitive function did not differ between IgG seropositive and seronegative individuals in any of the cognitive domains (F (3,70) = 0.327, p = 0.806, n = 76). IgM positives (n = 7) were too few to be analyzed.

Conclusions

This investigation is the first to show an association between T. gondii IgG serointensity and memory function in a well-diagnosed bipolar disorder sample. It adds to the existing literature on associations between latent T. gondii infection and cognition in bipolar disorder, while further research is needed to confirm and expand our findings, eliminate potential sources of bias, and establish cause-effect relationships.
Model for dimensioning borehole heat exchanger applied to mixed-integer-linear-problem (MILP) energy system optimization
Authors: Blanke Tobias , Born Holger , Döring Bernd , Göttsche Joachim , Herrmann Ulf , Frisch Jérôme , van Treeck Christoph
Published: August 2024

This paper introduces three novel approaches to size geothermal energy piles in a MILP, offering fresh perspectives and potential solutions. The research overlooks MILP models that incorporate the sizing of a geothermal borefield. Therefore, this paper presents a new model utilizing a g-function model to regulate the power limits. Geothermal energy is an essential renewable source, particularly for heating and cooling. Complex energy systems, with their diverse sources of heating and cooling and intricate interactions, are crucial for a climate-neutral energy system. This work significantly contributes to the integration of geothermal energy as a vital energy source into the modelling of such complex systems. Borehole heat exchangers help generate heat in low-temperature energy systems. However, optimizing these exchangers using mixed-integer-linear programming (MILP), which only allows for linear equations, is complex. The current research only uses R-C, reservoir, or g-function models for pre-sized borefields. As a result, borehole heat exchangers are often represented by linear factors such as 50 W/m for extraction or injection limits. A breakthrough in the accuracy of borehole heat exchanger sizing has been achieved with the development of a new model, which has been rigorously compared to two simpler models. The geothermal system was configured for three energy systems with varying ground and bore field parameters. The results were then compared with existing geothermal system tools. The new model provides more accurate depth sizing with an error of less than 5 % compared to simpler models with an error higher than 50 %, although it requires more calculation time. The new model can lead to more accurate borefield sizing in MILP applications to optimize energy systems. This new model is especially beneficial for large-scale projects that are highly dependent on borefield size.
Evaluation of anti-aging and antioxidant properties of a new rose variety, Ever-rose
Authors: Han Se Jik , Belousova Polina , Kwon Sangwoo , Jang Jihui , Lee Jun Bae , Kim Hyunjae , You Gayeon , Song Jihyeon , Mok Hyejung , Ha Ho Su , Bae So Jeong , Ha In Jin , Lee Min Young , Kim Kyung Sook
Published: August 2024

Background

Rose flowers contain active ingredients such as flavonoids and volatile oils and are acknowledged to be good natural resources owing to their anti-aging and antioxidant properties. In this study, we develop four new rose varieties (named Ever-rose) that are fragrant, pest resistant, and easy to grow. Subsequently, we evaluate the properties of Ever-rose and its potential for use in anti-aging products.

Methods

The chemical composition of Ever-rose was determined using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography triple time-of-flight mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activity of the Ever-rose extract was evaluated using various assays, including superoxide dismutase activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging capacity, and xanthine oxidase activity. The variations in proteolytic matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression, collagen content after ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, and reactive-oxygen-species (ROS) levels after infrared A (IRA) treatment were evaluated. The variations in cell elasticity were assessed via atomic force microscopy.

Results

The petal extracts of Ever-rose (named ER004(P), ER011(P), ER012(P), and ER015(P)) showed good antioxidant activity. They effectively inhibited UV irradiation-induced MMP-1 expression and IRA irradiation-induced increase in mitochondrial ROS levels. Additionally, they inhibited variations in cell shape and elasticity as aging progressed. In particular, ER011(P) demonstrated the best anti-aging and antioxidant effects.

Conclusion

The newly developed Ever-rose showed excellent antioxidant and anti-aging effects. In particular, ER011(P) demonstrated the best properties owing to its high antioxidant content. Hence, it exhibits significant potential as a functional cosmetic ingredient.

Graphical Abstract
Distribution and trend of explosive cyclones over the Southern Ocean and associated atmospheric and oceanic changes during 1980–2020
Authors: Xu Xiaoqi , Liu Jiping , Huang Gang , Ding Yifan
Published: August 2024

In this study, we investigate the climatology and trend of explosive cyclones (ECs) over the Southern Ocean (50oS–70oS) during 1980–2020 by combining a method that is most suited for identifying and tracking cyclones in the Southern Ocean and a latest climate reanalysis. On average, approximately 50 ECs are generated annually over the Southern Ocean, with a significant increasing trend of 2.3 per decade during the studying period. This increasing trend is dominated by the trend of strong ECs, particularly in autumn. We analyze the dynamical and thermodynamical effects associated with multiple deepened strong ECs in autumn over an identified key region in the southern Pacific Ocean sector (155oW–170oW, 50oS–65oS), where the density of the initiation of ECs shows the largest increasing trend in autumn. The composite analysis reveals the general patterns and duration of the effects on the atmosphere, ocean, and sea ice associated with multiple ECs in the southern Pacific Ocean. The results indicate that the deepened strong ECs are associated with significant changes in meridional winds, downward longwave radiation, and sensible and latent heat fluxes. These changes lead to cold sea surface temperature anomalies in the northeast of the key region, reaching a maximum 5–7 days after the EC deepening, and the increased sea ice cover south of the key region, peaking 4–5 days after the EC deepening.
Investigation on environmental factors contributing to bispecific antibody stability and the reversal of self-associated aggregates
Authors: Ingavat Nattha , Dzulkiflie Nuruljannah , Liew Jia Min , Wang Xinhui , Leong Eunice , Loh Han Ping , Ng Say Kong , Yang Yuansheng , Zhang Wei
Published: August 2024

Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) hold promises for enhanced therapeutic potential surpassing that of their parental monoclonal antibodies. However, bsAbs pose great challenges in their manufacturing, and one of the common reasons is their susceptibility to aggregation. Building on previous studies demonstrating the functionality and potential manufacturability of Fab-scFv format bsAb, this investigation delved into the impact of environmental factors—such as pH, buffer types, ionic strength, protein concentrations, and temperatures—on its stability and the reversal of its self-associated aggregates. Mildly acidic, low-salt conditions were found optimal, ensuring bsAb stability for 30 days even at elevated temperature of 40 °C. Furthermore, these conditions facilitated the reversal of its self-associated aggregates to monomers during the initial 7-day incubation period. Our findings underscore the robustness and resilience of Fab-scFv format bsAb, further confirming its potential manufacturability despite its current absence as commercial products.

Graphical Abstract
Ictal-onset localization through effective connectivity analysis based on RNN-GC with intracranial EEG signals in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Wang Xiaojia , Liu Yanchao , Yang Chunfeng
Published: August 2024

Epilepsy is one of the most common clinical diseases of the nervous system. The occurrence of epilepsy will bring many serious consequences, and some patients with epilepsy will develop drug-resistant epilepsy. Surgery is an effective means to treat this kind of patients, and lesion localization can provide a basis for surgery. The purpose of this study was to explore the functional types and connectivity evolution patterns of relevant regions of the brain during seizures. We used intracranial EEG signals from patients with epilepsy as the research object, and the method used was GRU-GC. The role of the corresponding area of each channel in the seizure process was determined by the introduction of group analysis. The importance of each area was analysed by introducing the betweenness centrality and PageRank centrality. The experimental results show that the classification method based on effective connectivity has high accuracy, and the role of the different regions of the brain could also change during the seizures. The relevant methods in this study have played an important role in preoperative assessment and revealing the functional evolution patterns of various relevant regions of the brain during seizures.
Low-velocity impact response of hybrid core sandwich panels with spring and strut cores filled with resin, silicone, and foam
Authors: Charkaoui Assil , Hassan Noha M. , Bahroun Zied , Ibrahim Mahmoud
Published: August 2024

Advancements in the load-bearing capacity of composite panels open doors to high-performance applications. The integration of additive manufacturing allows for the creation of intricate core designs effortlessly. Hybrid cores, combining structural elements with infill materials, play a crucial role in enhancing panel impact resistance while maintaining its low weight. This study compares sandwich panels incorporating spring and octet strut structural elements infused with different materials—silicon, foam, and epoxy resin—evaluating their energy absorption capabilities. Additive manufacturing is employed to produce these panels with structural elements then subsequently filled with infills. The drop tower test is utilized to experimentally assess panel behavior under low-velocity impact. Design of experiments and statistical analysis are used to examine the influence of core height, impact height, core geometry, and filling type on the damaged area and impactor penetration. Results showed that the strut-based structure performed better than other structures in preventing penetration, with a damaged area reduction from 501.45 to 301.58 m2 compared to the spring core. The addition of foam or silicon reduced the impact damage to the front and the back sheets, with silicon infills proving to be the most effective, reducing penetration by reducing penetration by about 60%. The depth of impact was measured, with results indicating that the truss core displayed the smallest specific depth of penetration. A decision tree model predicted that a sandwich panel with a spring core would have a 100% chance of perforation while a filled core showed a significantly reduced penetration risk.
Surgical and irradiated case of early breast cancer in a patient with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome
Authors: Yamazaki Asumi , Tada Hiroshi , Muroyama Yuki , Yamazaki Yuto , Miyashita Minoru , Harada-Shoji Narumi , Hamanaka Yohei , Ebata Akiko , Sato Miku , Motonari Tokiwa , Yanagaki Mika , Kon Tomomi , Sakamoto Aru , Suzuki Takashi , Ishida Takanori
Published: August 2024

Background

Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a rare inherited connective tissue disease characterized by hyperextensibility of the skin and joints and tissue fragility of the skin and blood vessels, Vascular EDS is the most severe form of EDS, with abnormal arterial fragility. There have been no reports of breast cancer occurring in patients with vascular EDS. Here, we report here a very rare case of breast cancer in a patient with vascular EDS.

Case presentation

A 46-year-old woman with vascular EDS underwent partial left mastectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy for left breast cancer (cStage 0) detected by medical examination. The final pathological diagnosis was invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast (pStage IA) [hormone receptor-positive, HER2 score 2 equivocal (FISH-positive), Ki-67LI 18%, luminal-HER2 type]. BluePrint was submitted as an aid in determining the postoperative treatment strategy, BluePrint Molecular Subtype HER2-type. However, the 10-year breast cancer mortality risk using Predict was low (5%). After consultation with the patient, the decision was made to administer postoperative radiation to the preserved breast along with hormone therapy only. There was no delay in postoperative wound healing, and the patient was free of metastatic recurrence for 9 months after surgery.

Conclusion

We performed surgery, postoperative radiotherapy, and hormonal therapy in a breast cancer patient with vascular EDS without major complications.
‘Firm but fair’? Migrant children’s rights through dramaturgy and nation branding in Norway and the UK
Authors: Prabhat Devyani , Seeberg Marie Louise
Published: August 2024

Applying nation branding literature and the work of Erving Goffman on dramaturgy to the situation of asylum-seeking children in Norway and in the UK, this paper develops a comparative framework for understanding why child rights appear to be de-prioritised in the current climate of ‘migration control’. The paper identifies historically grounded differential approaches towards child rights and children in the two countries, which currently appear to merge into a common trajectory of migration control, framed in terms of national security and economic productivity. It explores similar tensions in both countries between the discourses of national migration management on the one hand and children's welfare and rights on the other. It finds that universal rights which should protect the welfare of all children are limited and fragmented by ideas of nationalism and foreignness. Despite a more robust legal framework for child rights, Norway is on a similar pathway as the UK; a worrying indictment of how nations fulfil their obligations towards children.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-related quality of life of cancer patients in British Columbia
Authors: Izadi-Najafabadi Sara , McTaggart-Cowan Helen , Halperin Ross , Lambert Leah , Mitton Craig , Peacock Stuart
Published: August 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented changes to cancer care in many countries, impacting cancer patients’ lives in numerous ways. This study examines the impact of changes in cancer care on patient’s health-related quality of life (HRQL), which is a key outcome in cancer care. The study aims to estimate patients’ self-reported HRQL before and during the pandemic and identify predictive factors for their physical and mental wellbeing.

Method

The study employed the large-scale Outpatient Cancer Care (OCC) Patient Experience Survey, including the Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey, to evaluate cancer patients’ experiences and HRQL before (January to May 2020) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (May to July 2021). Paired t-tests were conducted to compare differences in Physical Component Scores (PCS) and Mental Component Scores (MCS) before and during the pandemic. Multivariable linear regressions were employed to investigate the factors (sociodemographic, clinical, and patient-reported experience) influencing PCS and MCS during the pandemic.

Results

PCS decreased significantly during the pandemic, while MCS remained stable. Lower PCS contributors included older age, more telehealth visits, self-reported hospitalization, and a longer time since the last cancer diagnosis. Higher PCS was associated with urban residence, higher MCS during the pandemic, and perceived active Healthcare Provider (HCP) involvement. For MCS, lower scores related to female gender and more telehealth visits, while higher scores were associated with being white, higher education, high MCS before the pandemic, and perceived active HCP involvement.

Conclusion

The OCC Patient Experience Survey provides a unique patient level data set measuring HRQL pre- and post- the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study highlights challenges faced by cancer patients during the pandemic, with a significant reduction in PCS. However, the stability in MCS suggests effective coping mechanisms. Sociodemographic, clinical, and telehealth-related variables play a complex role in shaping both PCS and MCS. Perceived HCP involvement emerges as a crucial factor correlating with higher PCS and MCS. Navigating the post-pandemic era necessitates interventions fortifying patient-provider relationships, optimizing healthcare support systems, such as telehealth services, and prioritizing mental-well-being given its impact on both PCS and MCS.
Cystic endometrial stromal sarcoma mimicking a cystic ovarian tumor : an unusual presentation
Authors: Singh Divya , Khan Shazia , Varma Kachnar , Singh Anshul , Misra Vatsala
Published: August 2024

Low grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS) typically presents as a solid intracavitary or intramural uterine mass. On imaging, LGESS is usually seen as an endometrial or myometrial solid mass. Cystic change is unusal and may lead to a differential diagnosis of an ovarian mass as was seen in the present case. Here we present a case of a 38 year old woman who presented with a cystic ovarian mass clinically and radiologically. Per-operatively, it was found to be a multiloculated cystic mass, filled with serosanguinous fluid, in the uterine fundus. Histopathological examination showed a tumor mass composed of mainly spindle cells arranged in fascicular pattern showing marked myxoid degeneration and cystic areas. On immunohistochemistry(IHC), tumor cells showed positivity for CD 10, ER, PR, SMA and desmin while HMB45 was negative. Based on histopathological and IHC, a diagnosis of LGESS was made. Most cases of cystic uterine masses have a benign course but, LGESS exhibits a relatively poorer outcome and a risk of metastasis. Hence, we present this case for its unusual presentation which mimics an ovarian mass but has worse prognosis.
The effects of intraoperative use of blue dyes in pediatric pilonidal sinus disease—a retrospective exploratory cohort study
Authors: Engels Marie N. , Lüken-Darius Britta , Oetzmann von Sochaczewski Christina , Heydweiller Andreas C.
Published: August 2024

Background

Intraoperative use of methylene blue has been shown to reduce postoperative complications and recurrence rates in adults. It has however not been assessed if these beneficial effects would also apply to pediatric pilonidal sinus disease with its high recurrence rates. We, therefore, aimed to assess its effects on complications and recurrences in our retrospective exploratory cohort study.

Methods

Of 55 consecutive children treated in our centre between January 2009 and December 2020, 48 were retrospectively included. We used logistic regression with a priori chosen predictors of intraoperative use of blue dyes, previous surgery for pilonidal sinus disease, and the presence of comorbidities on the composite outcome of complications and recurrence. Cramér’s V was used to explore associations between the use of blue dyes and the extent of resection.

Results

The median age in our cohort was 15.3 years. Five patients were below 2 years of age, and 24 (50%) of them were males. Chronic diseases were present in 13 (27%) patients, eight had previously been operated on for pilonidal sinus disease, and blue dyes were used in 34 patients (71%). Their intraoperative use was linked to the composite outcome with an odds ratio of 5.41 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.52–25.34, P = 0.017) as were comorbidities with an odds ratio of 1.86 (95% CI 1.18–3.25, P = 0.014), but not re-do surgery (odds ratio 2.94 (95% CI 0.37 23.42, P = 0.3)). The use of blue dyes was associated with larger resections (Cramér’s V 0.556 (95% CI 0.329–0.74)).

Conclusion

The intraoperative use of blue dyes was negatively associated with complications and recurrences in pediatric pilonidal sinus disease. However, if blue dyes were used, the extent of resection was also larger. Larger resections had been shown before to be associated with complications and recurrences, too. This potential interaction requires further elucidation in future studies.
Making history, making place—contextualising the built heritage of world expos 2010 and 2015
Authors: Honisch Pascal
Published: August 2024

Be it the 1873 World’s Fair in Vienna, which established the city's status as a link between the Occident and Orient, or the very first Great Exhibition in 1851 in London, which showcased the then British empire to a global public and the world to its domestic visitors. World’s fairs have been and are still an indispensable part of a shared human history as well as an indicator of a country's economic and cultural relevance on a global scale. They are undoubtedly politically motivated drivers of collective memories and, in turn, nation-building processes. This is why they are not only publicly discussed and thoroughly documented in archives but also often manifested in buildings that long outlast these events and themes but continue to tell their tales. This article elaborates on the ways in which world’s fairs (or expos) have been used as catalysts to develop cities and how they themselves – though ephemeral phenomena – ultimately found their way into urban landscapes and historiography. Moreover, based on his own empirical studies on the last two expos of Shanghai (2010) and Milan (2015), the author elaborates on the placemaking procedures that precede and follow these mega-events, reflecting on the ensuing public discourse to (de)legitimate them, its limitations, and effects on the urban legacy of the aforementioned expos. He then presents an overarching discussion on their built heritage.
Spectral-element method based on domain decomposition for 3D DC resistivity modeling
Authors: Yan Shuai , Zhu Jiao , Yin Changchun , Hui Zhejian , Su Yang , Xue Shuyang , Li Jun
Published: August 2024

We develop a new spectral-element method by incorporating a domain-decomposition technique, referred to as the dual-primal spectral-element tearing and interconnecting method (SETI-DP), for high-precision forward simulation of the 3D direct current (DC) resistivity method. To handle the terrain and complex underground structures, we use unstructured tetrahedral meshes to divide the computational domain. These meshes are then partitioned into nonoverlapping subdomains. By applying a continuity condition of the current density to be solved, all subdomains become coupled to each other. Using a Lagrange multiplier, the global equation system for our forward modeling can be simplified into that for the subdomain interfaces, and the continuity conditions on the subdomain interfaces are obtained by solving these subdomain interface equations. Finally, the forward problem for each subdomain is solved independently using these boundary conditions. Numerical experiments indicate that our algorithm can greatly improve computational efficiency and reduce memory consumption without losing accuracy when choosing the appropriate number of subdomains. We further apply our method to the forward simulation of a tunnel detection problem. The numerical results demonstrate that our new SETI-DP method can effectively simulate the tunnel’s complex structures, and the DC resistivity method can detect the adverse geologic bodies in front of the tunnel face.
Non-magnetic layers with a single symmetry-protected Dirac cone: Which additional dispersions must appear?
Authors: Damljanović V.
Published: August 2024

In two-dimensional (2D), non-magnetic materials, a single Dirac cone at high-symmetry point (HSP) of the Brillouin zone (BZ), akin to the one in graphenes’ band structure, cannot appear as the only quasiparticle at the Fermi level. Here we found two layer groups with time-reversal symmetry, among all possible both without and with spin-orbit coupling, that host one Dirac cone at HSP and we show which additional dispersions appear: a pair of Dirac lines on opposite BZ edges and a pair of Dirac cones that can be moved but not removed by symmetry preserving perturbations, on the other two BZ edges. We illustrate our theory by a tight-binding band structure and discuss real 2D materials that belong to one of the two symmetry groups. Finally, we single out smaller or bigger discrepancies among the published papers on the same or related topic.
The Cortisol Awakening Response: Regulation and Functional Significance
Authors: Stalder Tobias , Oster Henrik , Abelson James L , Huthsteiner Katharina , Klucken Tim , Clow Angela
Published: August 2024

In healthy individuals, the majority of cortisol secretion occurs within several hours surrounding morning awakening. A highly studied component of this secretory period is the cortisol awakening response (CAR), the rapid increase in cortisol levels across the first 30 to 45 minutes after morning awakening. This strong cortisol burst at the start of the active phase has been proposed to be functional in preparing the organism for the challenges of the upcoming day. Here, we review evidence on key regulatory and functional processes of the CAR and develop an integrative model of its functional role. Specifically, we propose that, in healthy individuals, the CAR is closely regulated by an intricate dual-control system, which draws upon key circadian, environmental, and neurocognitive processes to best predict the daily need for cortisol-related action. Fine-tuned CAR expression, in turn, is then assumed to induce potent glucocorticoid action via rapid nongenomic and slower genomic pathways (eg, affecting circadian clock gene expression) to support and modulate daily activity through relevant metabolic, immunological, and neurocognitive systems. We propose that this concerted action is adaptive in mediating two main functions: a primary process to mobilize resources to meet activity-related demands and a secondary process to help the organism counterregulate adverse prior-day emotional experiences.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Well-Differentiated Papillary Peritoneal Mesothelial Tumors
Authors: Offin Michael , Aguirre Nicole , Yang Soo Ryum , Sauter Jennifer L. , Karagkounis Georgios , Mohamed Mostafa , Cercek Andrea , Kundra Ritika , Zhang Yanming , Wang Hui Mei , Morris Marty P. , Ladanyi Marc , Nash Garrett M. , Zauderer Marjorie G.
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Well-differentiated papillary peritoneal mesothelial tumors (WDPMTs) are understudied and discrete from peritoneal mesotheliomas (PMs). We report clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes of a large prospective WDPMT cohort.

Methods

Patients with WDPMT identified between August 2007 and December 2020 were followed through January 2023. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were annotated. Overall survival (OS) was assessed from pathologic diagnosis. Germline variants were analyzed, and targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS; MSK-IMPACT) data were compared to PMs and diffuse pleural mesotheliomas (DPMs).

Results

Among 54 patients, median age at diagnosis was 55 (range 20–76), 50% were female (n = 27), and 46% were smokers (n = 25; median 8 pack/years). Most (94%, n = 51) WDPMTs were found during surgical explorations for other indications, primarily other malignancies. Two patients underwent surgical resection for WDPMT; none received systemic therapy for WDPMT. Median OS was not reached (19/54; median follow up 4.5 years). Somatic NGS was available for 35% (19/54) of patients. TRAF7 alterations were enriched in WDPMT (89%; 17/19) compared with PM (0%; 0/50; p < 0.0001) and DPM (0%; 0/74; p < 0.0001). In WDPMT compared with PM and DPM, there were less BAP1 (0% [0/0] vs. 4% [8/50] vs. 46% [34/74]; p = 0.001 and p < 0.0001, respectively) and NF2 (0% [0/0] vs. 24% [12/50] vs. 31% [23/74]; p = 0.03 and p = 0.001 respectively) alterations. Pathogenic germline variants were present in 23% (4/17) of WDPMTs.

Conclusions

Well-differentiated papillary peritoneal mesothelial tumors were primarily incidental findings. There was no WDPMT-related mortality, so there was no distinct role for routine cytoreductive surgery or systemic therapy. Genomic profiles can help to differentiate WDPMT from DPM and PM.
Mass mortality of the invasive echinoid Diadema setosum (Leske, 1778) in Crete, East Mediterranean Sea
Authors: SKOURADAKIS GRIGORIOS , VERNADOU EMMANOUELA , KOULOURI PANAYOTA , DAILIANIS THANOS
Published: August 2024

Diadema setosum is an echinoid of Indo-Pacific origin that invaded the Mediterranean Sea in 2006. It is an ecosystem engineer with an important ecological function in its native range, but it can have a detrimental effect on Mediterranean reefs. Recently in 2022 a mass mortality event (MME) affecting this species was recorded in the east Aegean Sea in the eastern part of the Mediterranean basin. We are reporting herein a westward progression of the MME in 2023 affecting established populations in various locations around the island of Crete.
Bridging the gaps: New records of Hazeus ingressus Engin, Larson & Irmak, 2018 from the Eastern Mediterranean with the first morphological description of larvae
Authors: MAVRUK SINAN , AKBULUT GÜRKAN , CHARGUI TAHANI , YALIM FATMA BANU , KALECIK EBRUCAN , YILMAZ ŞAKIRE SERAP , AKTAŞ ÖZGÜR
Published: August 2024

Hazeus ingressus Engin, Larson & Irmak, 2018, a new Indo-Pacific goby, was first discovered and described on Türkiye’s Mediterranean coasts before being detected in its native location. It may have entered the Mediterranean through the Suez Canal, as a native population was later found in the northern Red Sea. This study provides further reports of H. ingressus from İskenderun and Antalya Bay, indicating that the species is also found in the eastern and central parts of the Levant Basin. Samples were obtained from Antalya Bay on July 26, September 27, and İskenderun Bay on August 26, 2021. These reports are based on larval specimens identified through DNA barcoding, highlighting the efficacy of ichthyoplankton samplings as a valuable tool for monitoring non-indigenous fish species in the Eastern Mediterranean —an area prone to biological invasions. Observing larval stages also suggests local spawning, indicating the presence of reproducing populations. Our study provides the first morphological description of H. ingressus larvae, which may serve as a valuable reference for future studies.
The potential of Sonneratia caseolaris mangrove leaves extract as a bioactive food ingredient using various water extract
Authors: Kartikaningsih Hartati , Fitriana Nur , Anggraeni Ike Listya , Semedi Bambang , Pertiwi Koentjoro Maharani
Published: August 2024

Background Sonneratia caseolaris, known as the red pidada, has been widely utilized by the Indonesian. S. caseolaris leaves contain various active compounds, contributing to their popularity in the treatment of various diseases. Mangrove leaves are also known to exhibit very high antioxidant activity. This study aims to assess the antioxidant activity of S . caseolaris leaves extracted using different solvents. The resulting extract was evaluated for antioxidant activity by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH) techniques. Methods Analysis of total flavonoids, total phenols, identification of active compounds with Liquid Chromatography High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS), and bioinformatics were also carried out to obtain temporary conclusions about the antioxidant activity of S. caseolaris leaf extract. Results The results indicated that S. caseolaris leaves extracted with methanol and distilled water exhibited the highest antioxidant activity compared to other extracts. The analysis of total flavonoids and total phenols yielded results consistent with the antioxidant activity tests. LC-HRMS results identified three compounds in all S. caseolaris leaf extracts with antioxidant activity, namely Tempo, Choline, and Betaine. Tempo demonstrated a higher antioxidant activity than Choline and Betaine, as indicated by the binding affinity values in the bioinformatics analysis. Conclusions It is evident that S. caseolaris leaf extract has the potential to serve as an effective an antioxidant agent. Further research is needed to elucidate confirm the potential compounds in Sonneratia caseolaris leaves water extract interact with the target protein Keap1. S. caseolaris, in order to utilize them as active components in food and enhance antioxidant consumption among consumers.
Systematic review of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy: global perspectives and implications.
Authors: khan Muhammad Mohsin , Shah Noman , Daie Mhran
Published: August 2024

The acceptance rate towards COVID-19 vaccination among the global population could be higher due to the need for more education or awareness of prevention strategies to control the COVID-19 outbreak. Thus, there is a dire need to reduce the population’s reluctance towards COVID-19 vaccination across the globe, which will ultimately lead to the implementation of prevention and control strategies against the COVID-19 virus and improving health outcomes across the globe. The following study intends to conduct a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and the current trends related to COVID-19 vaccination faced by the global population. The methodology employed in this study primarily focused on assessing secondary data by conducting a systematic literature review. Internet and electronic databases were used to select research articles to obtain secondary sources. Six articles were selected from ScienceDirect and Google Scholar for a systematic literature review. The keywords used for the selection of articles were “COVID-19,” “Global trends,” Reluctance, “and “vaccination.” The selected articles that were most suitable for the topic consisted of global trends related to COVID-19 vaccination. Six articles relevant to the topic were selected and reviewed. The selected articles showed data collection results from different research journals. The findings of the six research articles depicted common themes, such as each vaccine having a different level of access attitude towards the regional existence, which primarily depends on the variability to determine the vaccine’s effectiveness. Further studies are required to evaluate the factors and strategies that help healthcare organizations and governments reduce the reluctance to use the COVID-19 vaccine among populations worldwide.
Identifying factors influencing faculty attitude towards digital technology in higher education and its impact on faculty engagement and work performance: a mediating analysis
Authors: Chhibber Sanyukta , Rawat Babita , Chaubey Dhani Shanker , Khugshal Richa
Published: August 2024

Background This study investigated the influence of various factors on Faculty Attitude, Faculty Engagement, and Work Performance in higher education. The study specifically examined the impact of faculty attitudes towards digital technology on their level of involvement and effectiveness in the classroom. Furthermore, it investigated how the utilization of digital technology by faculty members influences the connection between their attitudes and job performance. Methods The study utilized a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methodologies to collect thorough data to explore the factors influencing faculty attitude. A survey was performed among 438 faculty members from higher educational institutions in the Delhi and NCR region. Results The results indicated a strong positive relationship of perceived usefulness, mutual learning, institutional support, collaborativeness, creativity, critical thinking, and faculty attitude towards digital technology adoption in academic setting. Nevertheless, External Pressure did not exhibit a significant relationship. The study revealed that the attitude of faculty members has a significant impact on both their work performance and engagement. Additionally, faculty engagement was found to have a positive impact on work performance. The mediation Analysis revealed that Faculty Engagement served as a partial mediator in the association between Faculty Attitude and Work Performance. Conclusions The study’s implications underscore the urgent need of fostering positive attitudes and engagement among faculty members for enhancing their performance in academic settings. Some of the limitations and implication of the study and future direction of the research directions are suggested.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and derivatives in the treatment of obesity - review
Authors: Rabenda Michal , Słomczyński Adam , Zatyka Piotr , Pawłowska Agata , Opala Dominika , Osuch Dobromiła , Janik Piotr
Published: August 2024

Abstract:
Obesity is a chronic and insidious disease that represents a significant global. The World Health Organization has announced that almost 60% of European adults are overweight or obese. Complex hormonal and metabolic adaptations in obesity can prevent weight loss, despite changes in dietary and activity habits. Over the years, the number of anti-obesity drugs has been small and their efficacy has been inadequate, but powerful new drugs from the GLP-1 receptor agonists group have emerged. Studies indicate that drugs in the GLP-1 RA group can be effective in reducing weight in obese people both with and without diabetes. Several preparations are available on the market with varying efficacy and risk of side effects and new drugs are still being registered.
Materials and Methods:
Analysis of information on the treatment of obesity with GLP-1 receptor agonists using PubMed sources, including the epidemiology of obesity, types of GLP-1 RA drugs, their efficacy and safety.
Aim:
The aim of this publication was to gather the latest information on the treatment of obesity with GLP-1 receptor agonists. We wanted to present the epidemiology of obesity, the types of drugs, their efficacy and safety.
Conclusions:
Obesity is a significant problem in today's world and affects more than half of European adults. Drugs that are GLP-1 receptor agonists can effectively bridge the gap between behavioural strategies and bariatric surgery. Studies indicate that treatment with GLP-1 RAs can lead to significant weight loss in overweight and obese individuals compared to placebo, and tirzepatide appears to have the greatest efficacy.
Keywords: obesity, weight loss, GLP-1 receptor agonist, dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist, semaglutide, tirzepatide.
Current status of HPV vaccination - recommendation and introduction in European countries
Authors: Śliwińska Martyna , Wiklińska Agata , Szydlik Julia , Wójtowicz Katarzyna
Published: August 2024

Introduction and aim of study: HPV infection is estimated to underlie 5.2% of all cancers. These can affect the cervix, vagina, vulva, anus, penis and head and neck. The main aim of this systematic review was to assess the current knowledge about primary prevention of HPV infection and compare the vaccination data between European countries.
Materials and methods: The authors based this review paper on an extensive analysis of scientific articles published in PubMed, Science Direct, UpToDate, Springer, Cochrane and Google Scholar, vaccine reports from 2021 and later years, healthcare-oriented media reports and government information pages.
Results: Currently, one of the most effective methods of dealing with HPV-dependent cancers is primary prevention. It is estimated that vaccination can prevent up to 70% of cases of cervical cancer, and with the 9-valent vaccine, this rate can increase to 90%. There are currently 3 types of vaccines available on the market: 2-, 4- and 9-valent. A 2- or 3-dose vaccination schedule can be followed depending on the age of the patient. The main target group of vaccination are children between the ages of 9 and 14. However, adults up to the age of 45 may still gain some benefits from the injection. A 1-dose regimen is under examination in order to increase vaccination rates in regions with the highest incidence of HPV-associated cancers. Due to major differences in vaccination programs and monitoring, it is difficult to compare vaccination coverage in European countries.
Conclusion: The HPV vaccine is a very effective method of primary prevention. It is crucial to improve the vaccination rates in European countries, including Poland, in order to lower the incidence of HPV-dependent cancers.
Site Reassignment for Mobile Outreach Teams: Investigating the Effectiveness of Decentralized Decision Making
Authors: van Rijn Lisanne , de Vries Harwin , Van Wassenhove Luk N.
Published: August 2024

Problem definition: United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.8 states that health coverage should be universal by 2030. This is challenging in rural and poor areas. To address this challenge, mobile outreach teams of healthcare workers visit a fixed set of remote sites to provide healthcare services. Because of dynamics in demand and supply, once-rational site-to-team assignment decisions can become far from optimal over time. This paper considers the problem of reassigning sites to teams to maximize effectiveness. Solving this problem through a central planner does not fit the context: outreach teams commonly have a high degree of decision-making autonomy. We study a decentralized approach where subsets of teams collaborate in a series of team meetings to reassign sites. The key question for decision makers is whether and when such an approach is effective. Methodology/results: We propose a mixed-integer programming model for centralized site reassignment. We extend this model to represent the decentralized approach and develop a set of simple decision rules for this approach. We use empirical data from six country outreach programs of the nongovernmental organization MSI Reproductive Choices. Our results suggest that, when properly designed, decentralized decision making performs close to centralized decision making, and even outperforms it in the case of inaccurate information at the central level. The finding remains valid when demand and supply fluctuate, and is insensitive to the chosen objective. Managerial implications: Humanitarian organizations currently deploy mobile outreach teams to provide a wide variety of health services. We present several useful insights for decision makers in humanitarian organizations when making design choices, taking account of context. In particular, we show that decentralized site reassignment provides a feasible and effective alternative to centralized approaches in many contexts.

Supplemental Material: The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2021.0437 .
Reduction in rate of implant waste associated with robotic-assisted total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Shen Tony S. , Cheng Ryan , Chiu Yu-Fen , McLawhorn Alexander S. , Figgie Mark P. , Westrich Geoffrey H.
Published: August 2024

Aims

Implant waste during total hip arthroplasty (THA) represents a significant cost to the USA healthcare system. While studies have explored methods to improve THA cost-effectiveness, the literature comparing the proportions of implant waste by intraoperative technology used during THA is limited. The aims of this study were to: 1) examine whether the use of enabling technologies during THA results in a smaller proportion of wasted implants compared to navigation-guided and conventional manual THA; 2) determine the proportion of wasted implants by implant type; and 3) examine the effects of surgeon experience on rates of implant waste by technology used.

Methods

We identified 104,420 implants either implanted or wasted during 18,329 primary THAs performed on 16,724 patients between January 2018 and June 2022 at our institution. THAs were separated by technology used: robotic-assisted (n = 4,171), imageless navigation (n = 6,887), and manual (n = 7,721). The primary outcome of interest was the rate of implant waste during primary THA.

Results

Robotic-assisted THA resulted in a lower proportion (1.5%) of implant waste compared to navigation-guided THA (2.0%) and manual THA (1.9%) (all p < 0.001). Both navigated and manual THA were more likely to waste acetabular shells (odds ratio (OR) 4.5 vs 3.1) and polyethylene liners (OR 2.2 vs 2.0) compared to robotic-assisted THA after adjusting for demographic and perioperative factors, such as surgeon experience (p < 0.001). While implant waste decreased with increasing experience for procedures performed manually (p < 0.001) or with navigation (p < 0.001), waste rates for robotic-assisted THA did not differ based on surgical experience.

Conclusion

Robotic-assisted THAs wasted a smaller proportion of acetabular shells and polyethylene liners than navigation-guided and manual THAs. Individual implant waste rates vary depending on the type of technology used intraoperatively. Future studies on implant waste during THA should examine reasons for non-implantation in order to better understand and develop methods for cost-saving.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(8):715–720.
Chemical attributes of corn under the path analysis in an Amazon ecosystemic domain
Authors: Pinheiro Luana da Silva , Vieira Mateus Monteles , Nunes Gabriel Gustavo Tavares , Silva Claudete Rosa da , Oliveira Job Teixeira , Castro Tulio Russino , Roque Cassiano Garcia , Silva Priscilla Andrade
Published: August 2024

The present study aims to expose information about the dynamics between the chemical attributes of corn and the direct and indirect influence of these attributes on the proteins of the grain. The attributes analyzed were grain mass, total soluble solids, pH, total titratable acidity, ashes, moisture content, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. A network of correlations was obtained and descriptive statistical results of the attributes were generated. Through a path analysis, in which protein content was the main variable, the direct and indirect correlation between the attributes was determined. The moisture level and ash content obtained for the corn were similar to those found in literature. The levels of protein, lipids, and carbohydrates were lower than those established in the Brazilian Table of Food Composition. It was concluded that lipids were the attributes that best determine corn proteins.