bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poor Outcomes After Anterior Impaction Pilon Fractures
Authors: Jo Sally , Tilan Justin , McAndrew Christopher , Miller Anna N.
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Pilon fractures occur through high-energy axial-loading trauma and are frequently associated with complications. The goal of this study was to assess whether anterior impaction (AI) tibial pilon fractures are associated with increased rates of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), secondary surgeries, and lower patient-reported outcomes compared with patients with non-AI pilon fractures.

Methods:

In this retrospective cohort study, 52 pilon fractures in 50 patients were included. The average follow-up was 25 months (range, 12 to 62 in non-AI and 12 to 66 in AI). The Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) score for PTOA, tibiotalar ratio for anterior-posterior talar subluxation, coronal tibiotalar angle, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System score, and rates of secondary surgeries and infection were assessed.

Results:

The AI group showed radiographic evidence of more advanced PTOA at the final follow-up (KL score 3.1 vs. 2.5, P = 0.021) and a higher rate of implant removal for pain (39% vs. 13%, P = 0.030). AI also had greater anterior talar subluxation on preoperative (P < 0.001) and final follow-up radiographs (P = 0.026). A higher KL score was associated with greater anterior talar displacement on preoperative (r = −0.421, P = 0.003) and final follow-up radiographs (r = −0.359, P < 0.009). No differences were seen in 1-year Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scores.

Discussion:

AI pilon fractures are associated with recurrent anterior talar subluxation, more severe PTOA, and a higher rate of implant removal for pain compared with non-AI fractures.
Postoperative Complications in Patients With Hereditary Hemochromatosis Undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Matched Cohort Analysis
Authors: Agarwal Amil R. , Wang Kevin Y. , Xu Amy L. , Best Matthew J. , Puvanesarajah Varun , Srikumaran Umasuthan , Golladay Gregory J. , Thakkar Savya C.
Published: December 2021

Aims:

The purpose of this study is to determine differences in the rates of 90-day postoperative complications and 2- and 5-year surgical outcomes between patients with and without hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) after total joint arthroplasty (TJA).

Methods:

Patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) from 2010 to 2018 were identified in a national database (PearlDiver Technologies) using Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases-9/10 codes. Patients with a history of HH were identified within the THA and TKA cohorts and matched with non-HH patients based on age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, smoking status, and obesity (body mass index > 30). Ninety-day medical complications assessed included renal failure, arrhythmia, bleeding complications, blood transfusion, pneumonia, stroke, deep vein thrombosis, liver failure, heart failure, pulmonary embolism, sepsis, surgical site infection, wound dehiscence, readmission rate, and death. Two- and 5-year surgical complications assessed included all-cause revision, prosthetic joint infection, implant loosening, joint stiffness, and manipulation under anesthesia. All complications were analyzed using bivariate analysis and logistic regression, with significance set at P < 0.05.

Results:

Compared with non-HH patients, patients with HH had higher rates of stiffness at 2 and 5 years after THA (all, P < 0.001), as well as higher rates of aseptic loosening at 5 years after TKA (P = 0.036). However, patients with HH undergoing THA and TKA had no notable difference in 90-day postoperative complications when compared with non-HH patients.

Discussion:

Compared with non-HH patients, patients with HH undergoing TJA were shown to have worse 2- and 5-year surgical outcomes, without any increased risk of 90-day medical complications. These findings may be useful for surgical decision making for patients with HH undergoing TJA.

Clinical Relevance:

This study addresses a paucity in the current literature concerning the complication profile in HH patients with destructive joint arthropathy undergoing joint arthroplasty surgery.
Fifth Metatarsal Jones Fractures: Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Metzl Joshua A. , Bowers Mark W. , Anderson Robert B.
Published: December 2021

A Jones fracture, located at the metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction of the fifth metatarsal, is at an increased risk for nonunion and continued pain. Even with excellent surgical technique and postoperative management, a delayed union and refracture can occur. These complications in athletes can have deleterious effects on performance and delay return to sport. This article reviews the classification, diagnosis, and treatment considerations for Jones fractures. Treatment options including nonsurgical management, intramedullary screw, and plate fixation will be covered. The authors preferred technique using intramedullary screw fixation will be discussed in depth. Emerging considerations including biologic augmentation, primary bone grafting, and refracture will be examined as well. Ideal rehabilitation protocols, orthoses, and shoe wear suggestions will be given to optimize patient outcomes.
Importancia del cuidado:
Authors: Ayala del Pino Cristina
Published: December 2021

La aprobación de la Ley 39/2006, de 14 de diciembre supuso una transformación en profundidad del modelo que existía tradicionalmente de cuidados de las personas mayores, enfermos o discapacitados, que hasta ese momento prioritariamente era realizado por el núcleo familiar para dar lugar a un modelo público llevado a cabo por cuidadores profesionales, cuya cualificación se entiende que proporcionará calidad al servicio prestado a los dependientes. Asimismo, con la aprobación de la norma también se inició un proceso de reconocimiento jurídico de la figura del cuidador informal o familiar, dejando atrás su absoluta invisibilidad en la legislación social existente hasta ese momento. En consecuencia, la Ley de Dependencia es la primera norma de nuestro Derecho que a nivel nacional ha dado cobertura jurídica a la figura del cuidador informal, ofreciendo un concepto y una inicial tutela jurídica. Este trabajo se dedica al estudio de esta figura, partiendo de la realidad social y de su trascendencia en el modelo futuro, en el que a pesar de los esfuerzos del legislador, van a convivir los dos modelos de cuidados dado el conjunto de intereses implicados, con el objetivo de garantizar una adecuada asistencia a la persona dependiente.
TREINAMENTO BASEADO EM SIMULAÇÃO REALÍSTICA PARA USO DO CAPACETE ELMO
Authors: Pinheiro Dantas Francisco Rafael , José Batista Cisne Tomaz  , Cleoneide Paulo Oliveira Pinheiro  , Cleyton Carvalho Cândido  , Gomes Freitas Julyana
Published: December 2021

Relatar a experiência da realização do treinamento profissional baseado em simulação realística para uso do capacete Elmo no manejo clínico de pacientes com Covid-19. Relato da experiência que contemplou as seguintes etapas: na primeira etapa foi realizada a apresentação das habilidades cognitivas. Durante a segunda etapa ocorreu a demonstração das habilidades psicomotoras com estações práticas do manuseio do sistema Elmo. Na terceira etapa, cada participante teve a oportunidade de treinar individualmente o manejo do Elmo. Já na quarta etapa aconteceu a estação prática simulada com o cenário clínico construído pelos facilitadores e o debriefing. Os treinamentos já beneficiaram mais de mil profissionais da saúde, entre médicos, enfermeiros e fisioterapeutas do Ceará e de outros estados brasileiros. A inovação com o ensino em simulação para os profissionais da saúde é de grande valia no desenvolvimento de habilidades para o manejo do capacete Elmo.
Ensino remoto e formação continuada em serviço na pós-graduação stricto sensu
Authors: De Andrade Fabricio , Frank Kersch Dorotea
Published: December 2021

No ensino de todos os níveis, a pandemia de COVID-19 se tornou um divisor de águas entre o que se pensava e como se atuava antes dela, e o que se seguiu ao seu surgimento. Acompanhamos, desde 2018, uma formação continuada em serviço para professores da pós-graduação stricto sensu. Essa formação objetiva habilitar os professores à concepção de desenhos de cursos híbridos e multimodais que levem em consideração a presença das tecnologias digitais. Neste artigo, acompanhamos a trajetória de Marina, uma engenheira que integra esse grupo de formação. Nosso objetivo é discutir as aprendizagens que a participante revela ter construído desde o início de sua participação na proposta formativa e refletir sobre a necessidade da concepção de cursos de formação continuada que proponham possibilidades de apropriação das tecnologias digitais também para professores da stricto sensu. O isolamento a que fomos submetidos devido à pandemia nos revela a necessidade da existência e criação de espaços de aprendizagem e colaboração no local de trabalho do professor, a exemplo das comunidades de prática, que permitam a troca de aprendizagens entre os pares a partir da experienciação e apropriação das tecnologias digitais no e para o local de trabalho. É nesses espaços que eles se ressignificam e desenvolvem agência.
PRODUÇÃO DE TRABALHOS DE CONCLUSÃO NA RESIDÊNCIA INTEGRADA EM SAÚDE: ATENÇÃO BÁSICA EM SAÚDE, 2002 A 2015
Authors: Rossoni Eloá , Martinez Juliane Cristina Silva de Azevedo
Published: December 2021

As residências em saúde são uma modalidade de ensino lato sensu desenvolvido predominantemente por meio de atividades práticas dentro de serviços de saúde acompanhada de atividades de reflexão teórica e teórico-prática durante no mínimo dois anos com carga horária de 5760 horas. A legislação nacional das residências em saúde orienta que, no primeiro ano do programa, o residente deve desenvolver um projeto de pesquisa que será executado no segundo ano a fim de possibilitar a apresentação escrita e oral de Trabalhos de Conclusão da Residência (TCRs). O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os TCRs da Residência Integrada em Saúde: Atenção Básica da Escola de Saúde Pública do Rio Grande do Sul (ESP/RS), no período de 2002 a 2015, a fim de categorizá-los quanto às subáreas da Saúde Coletiva, temáticas e aos eixos do quadrilátero da formação em saúde.  A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa documental nos registros institucionais. A partir dos títulos dos trabalhos e nomes dos autores sucedeu-se a consulta em base de dados do Centro de Informações e Documentação em Saúde (CEIDS) da ESP/RS, da BIREME e do currículo pela Plataforma Lattes dos egressos, para a localização do trabalho na íntegra, seu resumo ou sua publicação. Foram encontrados 262 TCRs. Observou-se uma maior produção científica na subárea da Epidemiologia (42%), seguida de Ciências Sociais e Humanas (30%) e Gestão, Planejamento e Políticas de Saúde (28%). Houve aumento de TCRs dos residentes de Odontologia na subárea Ciências Sociais e Humanas, nos últimos dez anos, quando comparado aos quatro anos iniciais. Apenas um quarto dos TCRs deste período encontravam-se publicizados, o que aponta para uma necessidade de estratégias que ampliem a divulgação.Palavras-chave: Internato e Residência. Avaliação da Pesquisa em Saúde. Formação Profissional em Saúde.  Atenção Primária à Saúde.
RANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI HIGH AVAILABLE WEB APPLICATION
Authors: Hidayah Taufiqul , Saptono Henry
Published: December 2021

Web Application , Firewall, High Available, Cluster
Implementasi dan Analisis Kinerja HDFS sebagai Infrastruktur Pembangunan Big Data
Authors: Surahman Yunita , Saptono Henry
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini diajukan untuk implementasi dan analisis HDFS sebagai infrastruktur pembangunan big data. Pada penelitian ini terdapat langkah-langkah yang dilakukan dalam implementasi HDFS dan pengujian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang digunakan untuk menentukan kinerja HDFS dan mengetahui kinerja HDFS sebagai infrastruktur pembangunan big data. Terdapat 5 pengujian yaitu, pengujian waktu eksekusi read dan write menggunakan aplikasi benchmarks TestDFSIO, NNBench, pengubahan blocksize, penghapusan file, dan pengujian availability. Hasil yang didapat dari pengujian pada HDFS sebagai infrastruktur pembangunan big data ini yaitu Faktor-faktor yang menentukan kinerja dari rancangan sistem HDFS adalah ukuran file dan ukuran blocksize. Dan juga menyatakan bahwa semakin besar ukuran dari blocksize membuat waktu eksekusinya menjadi lebih cepat
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM INFORMASI SDM MENGGUNAKAN ORANGEHRM DI SDIT AL-QUDWAH
Authors: Sausan Afifah , Rusmanto Rusmanto
Published: December 2021

Human Resource Information System (HRIS) adalah sistem informasi untuk mendukung kegiatan-kegiatan manajer di fungsi sumber daya manusia. Fungsi ini dulunya bernama fungsi departemen personalia, yang sekarang diubah namanya menjadi fungsi SDM untuk menunjukkan bahwa manusia di dalam organisasi adalah sumber daya ekonomis yang penting (Jogiyanto HM, 2005:249). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan Sistem Informasi SDM menggunakan OrangeHRM untuk mendokumentasikan data khususnya pada penilaian kinerja karyawan di SDIT AlQudwah, mengetahui hasil dari implementasi Sistem Informasi SDM menggunakan OrangeHRM dalam hal penilaian kinerja karyawan di SDIT Al-Qudwah untuk mengurangi penggunaan kertas dan pertemuan langsung dengan guru yang dinilai, dan mengetahui nilai manfaat dari OrangeHRM untuk penilaian kinerja karyawan di SDIT Al-Qudwah. Tahapan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi pendahuluan, analisis dan perancangan, implementasi, uji coba, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Implementasi OrangeHRM di bagian SDM SDIT Al-Qudwah dapat mendokumentasikan data khususnya data penilaian kinerja guru di dalam modul Performance dan PIM, OrangeHRM dapat mengurangi proses pertemuan langsung dengan guru yang bersangkutan pada proses penilaian kinerja dengan jumlah jawaban setuju 64%, mengurangi penggunaan kertas, mengurangi waktu proses penilaian kinerja guru dan OrangeHRM sangat bermanfaat pada proses penilaian kinerja guru di SDIT Al-Qudwah.
Analisis dan Implementasi Sistem Pengelolaan SDM menggunakan Aplikasi Odoo pada Medinat Art
Authors: Rejeki Sri , Suhendi Suhendi
Published: December 2021

Medinat Art merupakan suatu lembaga usaha berbasis online yang sudah berdiri sejak tahun 2015. Pelan-pelan mulai membenahi manajemen pengelolaan SDM agar lebih terstruktur. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan seperti penggunaan Sistem Informasi SDM yaitu aplikasi Odoo untuk pengelolaan cuti karyawannya. Aplikasi Odoo merupakan aplikasi Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) yang dibuat dalam bentuk Open Source. Sebelumnya ada banyak hal yang masih perlu dibenahi oleh Medinat Art mengenai pengelolaan cuti yang telah dilakukan. Salah satunya proses pengajuan cuti yang masih manual dan tidak terstruktur karena tidak ada SOP resmi. Sehingga masalah yang terjadi adalah tidak ada adanya wadah untuk mengetahui riwayat cuti karyawan, baik yang sudah diajukan maupun sisa hak cuti, serta terkesan mendadak yang mengakibatkan tidak ada pendelegasian tugas yang terencana sebelum karyawan cuti. Modul yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah modul Leaves. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah penggunaan beberapa fitur dalam software Odoo, diantaranya: pembuatan jenis cuti, pemberian hak cuti, pengajuan cuti, pemberian hasil pengajuan cuti, melihat hasil pengajuan cuti. Pada penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memfasilitasi pengelolaan cuti, khususnya pengajuan dan pencatatan riwayat cuti agar tersistem sehingga kualitas manajemen SDM lebih baik.
Pembangunan e-Business Berbasis Website Berdasarkan Kerangka PIECES (Studi Kasus: Aspin Photography & Video Pro)
Authors: Tjiptabudi Fransiskus
Published: December 2021

Aspin Photography & Video Pro adalah sebuah perusahaan di Kupang-NTT yang proses bisnis utamanya bergerak pada bidang jasa fotografi dan video shooting. Saat ini Aspin Photography & Video Pro mengalami kemajuan bisnis yang cukup pesat dan telah memiliki banyak pelanggan sejalan dengan semakin boomingnya fotografi saat ini. Seiring dengan perkembangan perusahaan ini, proses bisnis yang dilakukan mulai dari promosi hingga transaksi menimbulkan masalah, karena segala sesuatunya masih dilakukan secara konvensional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang dan membangun sebuah e–Business berbasis website yang bertujuan untuk mempermudah proses promosi dan transaksi bisnis pada Aspin Photography & Video Pro secara daring. Website eBusiness ini dibangun berdasarkan hasil analisis permasalahan dengan berpedoman pada kerangka PIECES dan menerapkan model pengembangan waterfall, dengan harapan jika website e-Business nantinya diterapkan maka dapat memenuhi kualifikasi pada kerangka PIECES . Kata kunci : fotografi, e-Business, website, PIECES, waterfall
Perbandingan Algoritma DES, AES, IDEA Dan Blowfish dalam Enkripsi dan Dekripsi Data
Authors: Meko Donzilio Antonio
Published: December 2021

Kemajuan teknologi informasi telah memberikan dampak yang sangat luas, salah satunya sebagai media penyampaian informasi dari suatu tempat ke tempat lainnya, sehingga memudahkan orang dalam mengakses suatu informasi. Kemudahan pengaksesan media komunikasi oleh semua orang, tentunya akan memberikan dampak bagi keamanan informasi atau pesan yang menggunakan media komunikasi tersebut. Informasi menjadi sangat rentan untuk diketahui, diambil dan dimanipulasi oleh pihak-pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan suatu metode atau cara yang dapat menjaga kerahasiaan informasi ini, yang salah satunya dikenal dengan sebutan kriptografi. Dalam kriptografi terdapat banyak algoritma, diantaranya algoritma DES, AES, IDEA dan Blowfish. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kinerja beberapa algoritma kriptografi dalam proses enkripsi dan dekripsi data berdasarkan segi kecepatan atau lama waktu serta ukuran file hasil enkripsi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan waktu proses serta ukuran file dari hasil enkripsi dan dekripsi data dari masing-masing algoritma.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KEMATANGAN TATA KELOLA TI PADA SISTEM INFORMASI AKADEMIK MENGGUNAKAN COBIT 5
Authors: Asqia Misna , Prihandoko Prihandoko
Published: December 2021

STT Terpadu Nurul Fikri merupakan salah satu institusi yang menerapkan tata kelola TI pada Sistem Informasi Akademik (SIAK). SIAK merupakan bagian penting yang menghubungan Manajemen dengan seluruh stakeholder. Sehingga diperlukan pengukuran tingkat kematangan dengan menggunakan COBIT 5. Rumusan masalah bagaimana mengklasifikasikan masalah menjadi pernyataan sesuai COBIT 5 dan bagaimana menentukan serta mengukur tingkat kematangan tata kelola TI. Batasan penelitian hanyadilakukan pada SIAK STT Terpadu Nurul Fikri, hanya menggunakan COBIT 5 domain MEA dan objek penelitian hanya pada mahasiswa dan pihak yang memiliki keterkaitan. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui nilai tingkat kematangan tata kelola TI SIAK domain MEA dan mengetahui rekomendasi perbaikan di STT Terpadu Nurul Fikri. Domain MEA yang terdiri dari 3 sub domain. Peneliti menggunakan instrumen kuesioner. Sampel yang digunakan ada 11 orang. Nilai tingkat kematangan MEA01 sebesar 3,2, MEA02 sebesar 3,3 dan MEA03 sebesar 3,3. Sehingga rata-rata nilai tingkat kematangan MEA sebesar 3,3 yaituEstablished Process. Hasil Rekomendasikan MEA01 menetapkan pedoman dan SOP pelaksanaan monitoring dan evaluasi terhadap SIAK, perlu adanya monitoring dari pimpinan terhadap tugas dari masing-masing Stakeholder. MEA02 menyusun mekanisme proses pengontrolan dan standar penjaminan mutu SIAK. MEA03 melakukan peninjauan ulang dan membuat pedoman serta SOP terkait perubahan SIAK berdasarkan perubahan eksternal.
Influence of media and cellular origin on growth factors secreted by mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Do Thi Xuan Phuong , Nguyen Thi Ngoc Ha , Mai Thi Hien , Hoang Huong Diem , Hoang Thi My Nhung , Nguyen Thanh Liem , Than Thi Trang Uyen
Published: December 2021

Objective: Investigating influences of the culture media and cellular origin on the expression of several growth factors carried by exosomes secreted from umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSC) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC).

Methods: 03 UCMSC samples was cultured in StemMACs and PowerStem, 03 BMMSC samples was cultured in StemMAC sand ACF Plus. At the passage 2, conditioned media were collected for exosome isolation. Exosomes were then investigated for the expression of growth factors, including: vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF-2), hepatocellular growth factor (HGF) and platelet-derived growth factor BB(PDGF-BB).

Results: Both UCMSC and BMMSC at secreted exosomes carrying growth factors with different amount. UCMSC cultured in PowerStem could secret exosomes with the largest amount of growth factors. Besides, UCMSC and BMMSC cultured in StemMACs secreted exosomes carrying fewer amounts of growth factors. Secretion of growth factors through exosomes depends on the cell origin where both cell types were cultured in StemMACs, only UCMSC secretedFGF-2 and PDGF-BB but BMMSC did not.

Conclusion: Both UCMSC and BMMSC cultured in commercial serum- and xeno-free media could secret exosomes into cell culture media. These exosomes carried growth factors, including VEGF-A, FGF-2, HGF and PDGF-BB, with different expression levels.
Impacto de la ergonomía en la productividad, una revisión sistemática entre los años 2016 – 2021
Authors: Mamani Hualpa Robert Santiago
Published: December 2021

La presente investigación es un estudio multidisciplinario que implica adecuar el trabajo a las necesidades de las personas, donde para ello se debe tener en cuenta el diseño, ya que cuenta con el riesgo asociado a la toma de posturas, la supervisión de que todo personal lleve puesto sus Equipos de Protección personal (EPP), para que así se reduzca la probabilidad de que el trabajador sufra una lesión, si es que pasa algo en el entorno laboral. El objetivo de la actual investigación es evaluar el impacto de la ergonomía para la mejora de la Productividad, una revisión sistemática entre los años 2016 – 2021., para lo cual se hizo uso de una metodología PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses), en cuanto a la población se tuvo en cuenta la cantidad de 66 artículos provenientes de las principales revistas científicas digitales Proquest, Science direct, Scopus entre otros, de los cuales solo se admitió a trabajar con 40 artículos como muestra debido a los requisitos establecidos en los criterios de inclusión, así como de exclusión. En conclusión, en base a los resultados hallados en esta investigación se evidencia que la ergonomía si influye en la mejora de la productividad.
Review of Peridynamics: Theory, Applications, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Ladányi Gábor , Gonda Viktor
Published: December 2021

The modelling and simulation of material degradations, particularly fractures in solids of different lengths and time scales, remains challenging despite the numerous approaches that have been developed. In this review, the focus is set on research work concerned with a very promising non-local method: peridynamic modelling. With this approach, continuous phenomena may be described, and the complete evolution (i.e., initiation, propagation, branching, or coalescence) of cracks and other discontinuities can be followed in solids in an integrated framework. Evaluating the large number of publications on this topic, the authors chose to present concisely the key concepts, applications, and results in identifying possible future paths: the incorporation of mechanics of large deformations and material nonlinearities, and the development of high-efficiency peridynamic solvers. This review does not intersect with recent relevant reviews, which reflects its significance to readers.
Promoting CCS in Europe: A Case for Green Strategic Trade Policy?
Authors: Aune Finn Roar , Gaure Simen , Golombek Rolf , Greaker Mads , Kittelsen Sverre A.C. , Ma Lin
Published: December 2021

According to IEA (2018), there is a huge gap between the first-best social optimal utilization of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies to lower global CO2 emissions and the current, negligible diffusion of this technology. This calls for a financial support mechanism for CCS. We study to what extent promotion of CCS in Europe should be through subsidizing development and production of CCS technologies—an upstream subsidy—or by subsidising the purchasers of CCS technologies—a downstream subsidy. This question is examined theoretically in a stylized model and numerically by using a new approach that integrates strategic trade policy with an economic model of the European energy markets. The theory model suggests that upstream subsidies should clearly be preferred, and this is confirmed by the numerical simulations. For the European power market, the numerical simulations suggest that subsidies to CCS coal power should exceed subsidies to CCS gas power.
Monitoring of Afforestation Activities Using Landsat-8 Temporal Images, Billion Trees Afforestation Project, Pakistan
Authors: Daud Khan Muhammad , Ali Arooj Saba , Ahmed Waqar , Rehman Zia-ur , Iqbal Arif , Ali Anwar
Published: December 2021

In context of Bonn Challenge commitment, Pakistan (Khyber Pukhtunkhwa) has implemented forest restoration and afforestation on 0.35 million hectares between 2015–2017. Billion Tree Afforestation Project (BTAP) is an initiative of mass afforestation and forest restoration to meet the Bonn Challenge commitment. The current study is a pilot study to evaluate the success of plantation activities by assessment of regeneration, growth performance and survival rate of plantations raised under BTAP in Malakand Forest Division. Further, four vegetation indices were computed from Landsat-8 image, which include Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI) and Difference Vegetation Index (DVI). A total of 72 sample plots of 0.1 ha were laid out in 11 plantation sites extended over an area of 647 ha in Timargara, Chakdara and Jandool. According to the results, all the selected plantation sites showed good performance in terms of survival rate, mostly above 90%. In terms of species composition, Eucalyptus camaldulensis has the highest share (81%) followed by Robinia pseduacacia with 17% and Pinus roxburghii with 2% share in the plantation. Growth performance was good in all species; Pinus roxburghii attained an average girth of 14.3 cm and height of 3.21 feet, whereas Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Robinia pseudoacacia attained a mean girth of 10.3 and 12.1 cm with the height of 8.6 and 8.2 feet in 27 months, respectively. Further, a good correlation was observed between the volume (m3) and Landsat-8 spectral values. The highest performance (R2=0.63) was recorded by NDVI and SAVI. The temporal changes in spectral values of Landsat-8 images from 2013 to 2018 showed that the plantation was successful at these sites. The study concluded that FLR activities across the Khyber Pukhtunkwa province will rehabilitate and improve the existing forest ecosystems and support local livelihood for climate change mitigation.
De SVI-verzekering, de zekerheid en de onzekerheid die deze verzekering biedt in letselschadekwesties
Authors: van Benthem F.J.
Published: December 2021

De SVI-verzekering, de zekerheid en de onzekerheid die deze verzekering biedt in letselschadekwesties

Welke verzekeraar spreek je aan, de WAM-verzekeraar of de SVI-verzekeraar van de auto waarin je zat tijdens het ongeluk.
Modelbepaling Wet aanpak schijnconstructies: OK zo?
Authors: Uijen M.
Published: December 2021

Modelbepaling Wet aanpak schijnconstructies: OK zo?

In deze bijdrage wordt ingegaan op de extra risico’s waarmee opdrachtgevers worden geconfronteerd door de Wet aanpak schijnconstructies. Na een korte inleiding over de eisen van de wet wordt een tekstsuggestie aangereikt voor een regeling waarmee in ieder geval gedeeltelijk aan die eisen kan worden voldaan.
Non-conformiteit en klagen verder ingekaderd: over gecedeerde vorderingen en beroepsfouten
Authors: Spanjaard J.H.M.
Published: December 2021

Non-conformiteit en klagen verder ingekaderd: over gecedeerde vorderingen en beroepsfouten

De Hoge Raad heeft in 2021 het recht over conformiteit en de klachtplicht van verdere kaders voorzien. Non-conformiteit van gecedeerde vorderingen lijkt erg contractueel te worden ingekleurd en klagen hoeft niet als in het geheel niet is gepresteerd. Daarmee lijken contractuele bepalingen over klachtplicht en non-conformiteit nog belangrijker.
Een staatsrechtelijke verbouwing van de Eerste Kamer: het terugzendrecht in perspectief
Authors: Dragstra L. , Boogaard G.
Published: December 2021

Een staatsrechtelijke verbouwing van de Eerste Kamer: het terugzendrecht in perspectief

De staatscommissie parlementair stelsel heeft eind 2018 voorgesteld de Eerste Kamer naast haar bestaande vetorecht een voorwaardelijk terugzendrecht toe te kennen. Als het aan de staatscommissie ligt, mag de Eerste Kamer voortaan wetsvoorstellen amenderen en vervolgens terugzenden naar de Tweede Kamer. De regering heeft het terugzendrecht inmiddels omarmd, maar het is nog altijd wachten op de indiening van een voorstel tot grondwetswijziging. In dit artikel wordt geanalyseerd hoe het terugzendrecht kan worden vormgegeven, welke keuzes hierbij moeten worden gemaakt, en hoe die zich verhouden tot de taak en verkiezingswijze van de Eerste Kamer.
Het toetsingskader ‘Digitalisering en wetgeving’
Authors: Evers G.H. , van Midden G.J. , Weesing-Loeber L.H.M.
Published: December 2021

Het toetsingskader ‘Digitalisering en wetgeving’. Een nieuwe impuls voor wetgevingstoetsing

Digitaliseringsvraagstukken zijn voor de wetgever een zekere worsteling, omdat het vaak lastig is vooraf te overzien op welke wijze digitaliseringsaspecten moeten worden geadresseerd in wet- en regelgeving. De Afdeling advisering van de Raad van State heeft daarom, in aanvulling op haar algemene toetsingskader, een specifiek op digitalisering gericht toetsingskader gepresenteerd. Binnen de drie onderdelen van het kader – de beleidsanalytische, de juridische en de wetstechnische toets – wordt een aantal vraagpunten benoemd dat vanwege de digitaliseringsdimensie aandacht behoeft. Door aan te geven hoe zij zelf digitaliseringsaspecten weegt en toetst in haar advisering heeft de Afdeling een nieuwe impuls willen geven aan de discussie over wetgevingstoetsing in het digitale tijdperk. In dit artikel wordt het kader toegelicht en in de context van de bredere discussie rondom digitalisering en wetgeving geplaatst.
De stand van de stelselherziening: de AMvB’s afgerond
Authors: de Vos H.W. (Wilco)
Published: December 2021

De stand van de stelselherziening: de AMvB’s afgerond

In deze bijdrage wordt de stand van de stelselherziening omgevingsrecht besproken in de periode eind 2020-begin 2021.
De Omgevingswet: een juridisch discutabele exercitie
Authors: Kistenkas F.H. (Fred)
Published: December 2021

De Omgevingswet: een juridisch discutabele exercitie

In dit artikel wordt de evaluatie van de Resource Management Act besproken. Deze wet is een integrale omgevingswet zoals die ook in Nederland wordt ingevoerd. Auteur gaat in op de kritische evaluatie en de lessen die hieruit kunnen worden geleerd voor de Nederlandse situatie.
Godsdienst en gelijke behandeling
Authors: van Bijsterveld Sophie
Published: December 2021

Religion and equal treatment – The ruling of the EU Court of Justice in the cases WABE and Müller

In its ruling in these prejudicial procedures, the EU Court of Justice clarifies the extent to which private employers are allowed to prohibit visual expressions of inter alia religious beliefs in the workplace. This contribution critically discusses the Court’s interpretation of the concepts of direct and indirect discrimination as well as its definition of the criteria that the employer must meet to objectively justify a difference of treatment of employees indirectly based on inter alia religion. Furthermore, it discusses the room that the Court allows in this respect for national provisions that protect freedom of religion.
Long-term relationship estimation and coupling/decoupling analysis between motorway traffic and Gross Value Added. Specification of an ARDL cointegration approach and application to the Italian case study
Authors: Pompigna Andrea , Mauro Raffaele
Published: December 2021

As transportation is an activity derived from spatial complementarities between a certain supply at an origin and a certain demand at a destination, according to a general axiom it seems that economic activities entail transport de-mand. In this perspective, an essential analysis deals with the quantification of the relationships between transport demand and certain socioeconomic variables. Elasticity is a concept widely used in transport economics as a measure of the responsiveness of transport demand concerning different factors represented as independent variables in an econometric model and coupling/decoupling concepts have been proposed in literature. This paper deals with the estimation of elasticities of motorway traffic demand based on Gross Value Added (GVA), and the consequent investiga-tion of coupling/decoupling situation. The analysis is based on the application of an Autoregressive-Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration model with the F-bound test and of the related Error Correction model. Starting from the general ARDL model and the methodology for the verification of its robustness, the same model is applied to the Italian toll road network. The time series of GVA for goods and services and the overall length of the toll network from 1995 to 2019 are considered as explanatory variables of the total annual distance traveled by light and heavy vehicles. The various tests in the ARDL framework show a cointegration between the variables, under the fulfillment of all the diag-nostic requirements. In this way, the long-term elasticities and the short-term adjustment dynamics are estimated sepa-rately for the goods and services components of GVA, and light and heavy vehicles. Starting from stable estimates of elasticities, the long-term coupling and decoupling effects between motorway traffic of light and heavy vehicles and the national production of goods and services can be shown. The paper, as well as providing an updated picture of the Italian situation, identifies a methodological framework that can be transferred to other contexts for a sector of great interest to investors, such as the motorway sector. All this can be useful to meet the needs of numerous stakeholders, who want to deepen the links between the economic cycle and traffic demand on toll motorways.
LEGAL STATUS OF WORKERS UNDER DECREE OF THE PRESIDENT OF REPUBLIC OF POLAND ON THE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT 1928
Authors: Bosak-Sojka Maria
Published: December 2021

The study was devoted to the regulations contained in one of the first Polish regulations aimed at standardizing the employment of a specific group of employees. On the basis of the conducted analysis, it was possible to indicate the specificity related to the legal status of workers employed on the basis of an employment contract.
TRADE UNION REPRESENTATION OF EMPLOYEE INTERESTS AT THE WORKPLACE LEVEL
Authors: Pisarczyk Łukasz
Published: December 2021

The article discusses trade union representation of employee interests at the workplace level. The author analyzes the structure of the company trade union organization, the facilitations in its functioning and the most important rights, including the right to collective bargaining. The analysis is the basis for assessing the current regulation and formulating conclusions for the future.
Risk Mapping Based on Risk Assessment Semi-Quantitative Method as a means for Resilience Strengthening Support in Tr anscarpathia
Authors: Wróbel Rafał , Kozioł Joanna , Tyrańska-Wizner Karolina
Published: December 2021

The occurrence of natural and man-made hazards usually leads to the emergence
of consequences that affect the living environment. Risk assessment as a process
helps to comprehend risk. A risk assessment based on complex semi-qualitative
approach to probability of hazard with specified consequences occurrence makes
it possible to designate risk levels. In the Transcarpathian region the assessed risk levels distribution has been visualized on risk maps. Such risk maps as a form of risk
communication may be used to support resilience strengthening regarding identified
hazards and its impact on the society, infrastructure and environment. Based
on conducted research, a risk assessment methodology and risk mapping methodology
were proposed. Moreover, the usage of proposed methods was referenced
to the resilience strengthening and its influence on the sustainable development
of the Transcarpathian region. The proposed tool is a solution that is correlated
to 30 innovations linking dedicated Disaster Risk Reduction with Sustainable
Development Goals.
Wybrane aspekty edukacji formalnej i pozaformalnej w zakresie ograniczania ryzyka klęsk żywiołowych i przeciwdziałania zagrożeniom
Authors: Grabowska-Lepczak Izabella
Published: December 2021

Edukacja w zakresie ograniczania ryzyka klęsk żywiołowych i przeciwdziałania zagrożeniom jest procesem trudnym i złożonym. Polega na rozwijaniu świadomości całego społeczeństwa w zakresie bezpieczeństwa oraz wykształceniu nawyków je wzmacniających. Od poziomu edukacji zależą postawy, wartości, wiadomości, czyli świadomość ludzi oraz umiejętności niezbędne w zapobieganiu i radzeniu sobie w sytuacji zagrożeń. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie istoty, roli i zależności między edukacją formalną i nieformalną w procesie kształtowania bezpieczeństwa człowieka. W artykule przedstawiono koncepcję edukacji formalnej i nieformalnej jako wzajemnie uzupełniającego się nowoczesnego i kompleksowego modelu budowania odporności społecznej na zagrożenia. Wskazano, iż tylko systematyczne i systemowe podejście w kształceniu w bezpieczeństwie pozwoli na osiągnięcie wysokich kompetencji, umiejętności i wiedzy.
Relacje pomiędzy katastrofami naturalnymi a zagrożeniami terrorystycznymi w kontekście Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030)
– prespektywa polska
Authors: Wróblewski Wojciech
Published: December 2021

Współczesne zagrożenia terrorystyczne są obszarem wieloaspektowym zarówno
pod względem celów, jak i form przeprowadzania zdarzeń terrorystycznych.
Wdrażane przez większość państw systemy bezpieczeństwa antyterrorystycznego
wprawdzie redukują możliwe scenariusze ataków, jednak grupy terrorystyczne
w celu osiągnięcia jak najszerszego spektrum skutków ataków poszukują rozwiązań,
na które społeczeństwa nie są przygotowane. Coraz częściej w przeprowadzaniu
ataków terrorystycznych następuje sprzężenie zwrotne warunkowane takimi
czynnikami, jak zmiany klimatyczne, katastrofy naturalne lub klęski żywiołowe.
Celem tego opracowania jest próba wskazania zależności, jakie zachodzą pomiędzy
zmianami klimatycznymi, katastrofami naturalnymi lub klęskami żywiołowymi
a terroryzmem.
DFT Based Material Computations of Metal-doped and Pure Carbon Nanodots for Examining their Enhancement of Sulfur Dioxide Adsorption
Authors: ASLAN Mikail
Published: December 2021

Carbon nanodots, one of the last members of the nanocarbon family, show superior properties, such as low-cost production, good conductivity, and optical properties, nontoxic behavior, high biocompatibility, and eco-friendly nature. Understanding the effect of metal doping on the modification of the electronic structure of carbon nanodots is critical for enlarging its potential applications. In the present study, in terms of structural, energetic, and electronic analyses, X-doped carbon nanodot structures (X = B, N, Si, Al, Co, Au, Pd, and Pt) and their SO2 adsorption abilities were examined comprehensively by employing DFT. Results depict that embedding the heavy impurity metals (Pd, Pt) to the nanodot structures does not improve the SO2 sensing ability of carbon nanodot materials relatively. However, the doping of the low concentrated metals to the carbon nanodots may be one of the best ways for enhancing the SO2 trapping ability of the carbon nanodot materials since the calculated results having high adsorption energy values indicate SO2 gas molecule is easily adsorbed on the surface of doped carbon nanodots. This means higher adsorption capability compared to pure ones. Thus, it is suggested that the doped carbon nanodots consisting of B, Si, and N impurity atoms may be good candidates for effective SO2 sensing (adsorptions).
Sisal Fibre Based Polymeric Composites
Authors: Nigrawal Archana , Kumar Sharma Arun , Zia Haque Fozia
Published: December 2021

Nature origin fibres have drawn in extraordinary consideration from commercial and specialists for the use of polymer composites as a result of their ‘greener’ nature and commitment to maintainable practice. Different enterprises have moved towards reasonable innovation to work on the harmony between the climate and social and financial concerns. Innovative work has demonstrated that normal fibres have been effectively applied as fortifications in the composites business, for example, for transportation, inside segments, building, airplane.
Dietary Iron
Authors: Firdose Kouser , Firdose Noor
Published: December 2021

Iron metabolism differs from the metabolism of other metals in that there is no physiologic mechanism for iron excretion, it is unusual; approximately 90% of daily iron needs are obtained from an endogenous source, the breakdown of circulating RBCs. Additionally humans derive iron from their everyday diet, predominantly from plant foods and the rest from foods of animal origin. Iron is found in food as either haem or non-haem iron. Iron bioavailability has been estimated to be in the range of 14–18% for mixed diets and 5–12% for vegetarian diets in subjects with no iron stores. Iron absorption in humans is dependent on physiological requirements, but may be restricted by the quantity and availability of iron in the diet. Bioavailability of food iron is strongly influenced by enhancers and inhibitors in the diet. Iron absorption can vary from 1 to 40%. A range of iron bioavailability factors that depend on the consumption of meat, fruit, vegetables, processed foods, iron-fortified foods, and the prevalence of obesity. The methods of food preparation and processing influence the bioavailability of iron. Cooking, fermentation, or germination can, by thermal or enzymatic action, reduce the phytic acid and the hexa- and penta-inositol phosphate content. Thus improving bioavailability of non-haem iron. This chapter will elaborate the dietary iron sources and means of enhancing bioavailability.
The Transient Reactor Test Facility (TREAT)
Authors: Woolstenhulme Nicolas
Published: December 2021

Constructed in the late 1950s, the Transient Reactor Test facility (TREAT) provided numerous transient irradiations until operation was suspended in 1994. It was later refurbished, and resumed operations in 2017 to meet the data needs of a new era of nuclear fuel safety research. TREAT uses uranium oxide dispersed in graphite blocks to yield a core that affords strong negative temperature feedback. Automatically controlled, fast-acting transient control rods enable TREAT to safely perform extreme power maneuvers—ranging from prompt bursts to longer power ramps—to broadly support research on postulated accidents for many reactor types. TREAT’s experiment devices work in concert with the reactor to contain specimens, support in situ diagnostics, and provide desired test environments, thus yielding a uniquely versatile facility. This chapter summarizes TREAT’s design, history, current efforts, and future endeavors in the field of nuclear-heated fuel safety research.
The Impact of Quality Standards on the Business Performance of Small, Medium and Micro-Sized Enterprises in Kwazulu-Natal: Selected Cases in the Durban Metropolitan Area
Authors: B. Chili Phindile , S. Matsiliza Noluthando
Published: December 2021

In the last decade, scholars showed an interest in alluding to compliance as a necessity to support small business performance in the last decades. Over the years, organisations have been frequently criticised for failing to comply with the quality standards such as the South African National Standards (SANS) 9001/ISO 9001 require effective implementation of Quality Management Systems and SANS 342, which provides specifications for diesel fuel products. Quality standards matrix adopted by the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS) is frequently used as a set of detailed specifications, requirements, various guidelines and characteristics to assure that the product, service or process is fit for purpose. Even though public and semi-autonomous institutions understand the value of subscribing and complying with quality standards, there is still a gap in the literature regarding the enforcement and compliance of quality standards in small business practices. There is a relationship between the adoption of quality standards and business excellence. Government can tap on the competitiveness of small, medium and micro-sized enterprises (SMMEs) and address their challenges and barriers that limit SMMEs to acquisition and compliance of statutory quality management systems.
Study on the Perspective of Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behaviour of Stainless Steel, Plain and TMT Rebars
Authors: Dey Indrajit , Manna Pallabi , Yadav Muralidhar , Kumar Tewary Nisith , Kumar Saha Jayanta , Kumar Ghosh Swarup
Published: December 2021

In the present research, the effects of various alloying elements and microstructural constituents on the mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour have been studied for four different rebars. The microstructures of stainless steel and plain rebar primarily reveal equiaxed ferrite grains and ferrite-pearlite microstructures, respectively, with no evidence of transition zone, whereas tempered martensite at the outer rim, followed by a narrow bainitic transition zone with an internal core of ferrite-pearlite, has been observed for the thermomechanically treated (TMT) rebars. The hardness profiles obtained from this study display maximum hardness at the periphery, which decreases gradually towards the centre, thereby providing the classical U-shaped hardness profile for TMT rebars. The tensile test results confirm that stainless steel rebar exhibits the highest combination of strength (≈755 MPa) and ductility (≈27%). It has been witnessed that in Tafel plots, the corrosion rate increases for all the experimental rebars in 1% HCl solution, which is well expected because the acid solutions generally possess a higher corrosive environment than seawater (3.5% NaCl) due to their acidic nature and lower pH values. However, all the experimental results obtained from Tafel and Nyquist plots correlate well for both 1% HCl and 3.5% NaCl solutions.
Optimization of Model Predictive Control Weights for Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor by Using the Multi Objective Bees Algorithm
Authors: Sahin Murat
Published: December 2021

In this study, the model predictive control (MPC) method was used within the scope of the control of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The strongest aspect of the MPC, the ability to control multiple components with a single function, is also one of the most difficult parts of its design. The fact that each component of the function has different effects requires assigning different weight coefficients to these components. In this study, the Bees Algorithm (BA) is used to determine the weights. Using the multi-objective function in BA, it has been tried to determine the weights that reduce the current values together with the speed error. Three different PI controllers have been designed to compare the MPC method. The coefficients of one of these are tuned with BA. Good Gain Method and Tyreus-Luyben Method were used in the other two. As a result of experimental studies, it has been observed that MPC can control PMSM more smoothly and accurately than PI controllers, with weights optimized with BA. With MPC, PMSM has been controlled with 15% settling time than other controllers and also with no overshoot.