bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal and diurnal performance of daily forecasts with WRF-NOAHMP
V3.8.1 over the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Branch Oliver , Schwitalla Thomas , Temimi Marouane , Fonseca Ricardo , Nelli Narendra , Weston Michael , Milovac Josipa , Wulfmeyer Volker
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Effective numerical weather forecasting is vital in arid regions like the United Arab Emirates (UAE) where extreme events like heat waves, flash floods and dust storms are severe. Hence, accurate forecasting of quantities like surface temperatures and humidity is very important. To date, there have been few seasonal-to-annual scale verification studies with WRF at high spatial and temporal resolution. This study employs a convection-permitting scale (2.7 km grid scale) simulation with WRF-NOAHMP, in daily forecast mode, from January 01 to November 30 2015. WRF was verified using measurements of 2 m air temperature (T-2m), dew point (TD-2m), and 10 m windspeed (UV-10m) from 48 UAE surface stations. Analysis was made of seasonal and diurnal performance within the desert, marine and mountain regions of the UAE. Results show that WRF represents temperature (T-2m) quite adequately during the daytime with biases ≤ +1 ˚C. There is however a nocturnal cold bias (−1 to −4 ˚C), which increases during hotter months in the desert and mountain regions. The marine region has the lowest T-2m biases (≤−0.75 ˚C). WRF performs well regarding TD-2m, with mean biases mostly ≤ 1 ˚C. TD-2m over the marine region is overestimated though (0.75–1 ˚C), and nocturnal mountain TD-2m is underestimated (~ −2 ˚C). UV-10m performance on land still needs improvement, and biases can occasionally be large (1–2 m s−1). This performance tends to worsen during the hot months, particularly inland with peak biases reaching ~ 3 m s−1. UV-10m are better simulated in the marine region (bias ≤ 1 m s−1). There is an apparent relationship between T-2m bias and UV-10m bias, which may indicate issues in simulation of the daytime sea breeze. TD-2m biases tend to be more independent. Studies such as these are vital for accurate assessment of WRF nowcasting performance and to identify model deficiencies. By combining sensitivity tests, process and observational studies with seasonal verification, we can further improve forecasting systems for the UAE.
Transverse jointing in foreland fold-and-thrust belts: a remote sensing analysis in the eastern Pyrenees
Authors: Tavani Stefano , Granado Pablo , Corradetti Amerigo , Seers Thomas , Casas Josep Maria , Muñoz Josep Anton
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Joint systems in the eastern portion of the Ebro Basin of the eastern
Pyrenees enjoy near continuous exposure from the frontal portion of the belt
up to the external portion of its associated foredeep. Utilizing orthophoto
mosaics of these world-class exposures, we have manually digitized over
30 000 joints within a 16 km×50 km study area. The mapped traces exhibit
orientations that are dominantly perpendicular to the trend of the belt
(transverse) and, subordinately, parallel to the belt (longitudinal). In
particular, joints systematically orient perpendicular to the trend of the
belt both in the frontal folds and in the inner and central portion of the
foredeep basin. Longitudinal joints occur rarely with a disordered spatial
distribution, exhibiting null difference in abundance between the belt and
the foredeep. Joint orientations in the external portion of the foredeep
become less clustered, with adjacent areas dominated by either transverse or
oblique joints. Our data indicate that joints in the studied area formed in
the foredeep in response to a foredeep-parallel stretching, which becomes
progressively less intense within the external portion of the foredeep.
There, the minimum stress direction becomes more variable, providing evidence of the poor
contribution of the forebulge-perpendicular stretching on stress
organization.
Warm-air entrainment and advection during alpine blowing snow events
Authors: Aksamit Nikolas O. , Pomeroy John W.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Blowing snow transport has considerable impact on the hydrological
cycle in alpine regions both through the redistribution of the seasonal
snowpack and through sublimation back into the atmosphere. Alpine energy and
mass balances are typically modeled with time-averaged approximations of
sensible and latent heat fluxes. This oversimplifies nonstationary
turbulent mixing in complex terrain and may overlook important exchange
processes for hydrometeorological prediction. To determine if specific
turbulent motions are responsible for warm- and dry-air advection during
blowing snow events, quadrant analysis and variable interval time averaging
was used to investigate turbulent time series from the Fortress Mountain
Snow Laboratory alpine study site in the Canadian Rockies, Alberta, Canada,
during the winter of 2015–2016. By analyzing wind velocity and sonic
temperature time series with concurrent blowing snow, such turbulent motions
were found to supply substantial sensible heat to near-surface wind flows.
These motions were responsible for temperature fluctuations of up to
1 ∘C, a considerable change for energy balance estimation. A simple
scaling relationship was derived that related the frequency of dominant
downdraft and updraft events to their duration and local variance. This
allows for the first parameterization of entrained or advected energy for
time-averaged representations of blowing snow sublimation and suggests that
advection can strongly reduce thermodynamic feedbacks between blowing snow
sublimation and the near-surface atmosphere. The downdraft and updraft
scaling relationship described herein provides a significant step towards a
more physically based blowing snow sublimation model with more realistic
mixing of atmospheric heat. Additionally, calculations of return frequencies
and event durations provide a field-measurement context for recent findings
of nonstationarity impacts on sublimation rates.
Brief Communication: New evidence further constraining Tibetan ice core chronologies to the Holocene
Authors: Hou Shugui , Zhang Wangbin , Fang Ling , Jenk Theo M. , Wu Shuangye , Pang Hongxi , Schwikowski Margit
Published: September 2020

Abstract. There is considerable controversy regarding the age ranges of Tibetan ice cores. The Guliya ice core was reported to reach as far back as ~ 760 ka (thousand years), whereas chronologies of all other Tibetan cores cover at most the Holocene. Here we present ages for two new ice cores reaching bedrock, from the Zangser Kangri (ZK) glacier in the northwestern Tibetan Plateau and the Shulenanshan (SLNS) glacier in the western Qilian Mountains. We estimated bottom ages of 8.90 ± 0.57/0.56 ka BP and 7.46 ± 1.46/1.79 ka BP for the ZK and SLNS ice core respectively, constraining the time range accessible by Tibetan ice cores to the Holocene.
Linguistic Hijacking
Authors: Anderson Derek
Published: September 2020

This paper introduces the concept of linguistic hijacking, the phenomenon wherein politically significant terminology is co-opted by dominant groups in ways that further their dominance over marginalized groups. Here I focus on hijackings of the words “racist” and “racism.” The model of linguistic hijacking developed here, called the semantic corruption model, is inspired by Burge’s social externalism, in which deference plays a key role in determining the semantic properties of expressions. The model describes networks of deference relations, which support competing meanings of, for example, “racist,” and postulates the existence of deference magnets that influence those networks over time. Linguistic hijacking functions to shift the semantic properties of crucial political terminology by causing changes in deference networks, spreading semantics that serve the interests of dominant groups, and weakening the influence of resistant deference networks. I consider an objection alleging the semantic corruption model gets the semantic data wrong because it entails those who hijack terms like “racist” speak truly, whereas it’s natural to see such hijacking misuses as false speech about racism. I then respond to this objection by invoking the framework of metalinguistic negotiation proposed by Plunkett and Sundell.
Teaching Ancient Women Philosophers: A Case Study
Authors: Protasi Sara
Published: September 2020

In this paper I discuss in some detail my experience teaching women philosophers in the context of a survey course in ancient Greek philosophy at a small liberal arts college. My aim is to share the peculiar difficulties one may encounter when teaching this topic in a lower-level undergraduate course, difficulties stemming from a multiplicity of methodological hurdles that do not arise when teaching women philosophers in other periods, such as the modern era. In the first section, I briefly review some of what we know about ancient Greek women philosophers, which is not only very little but frustratingly uncertain and highly debated. I devote the second section to some of the scholarly debates surrounding these philosophers’ doctrines, the details of their biographies, and their very existence. The third section is about the corresponding pedagogical challenges, and the fourth and final section describes the strategies I implemented to face those challenges.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Liu Maggie
Published: September 2020

Aquatic Science and Technology (AST) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AST publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 8, Number 2Analía Ale, Instituto Nacional de Limnologia (CONICET, UNL), ArgentinaArgemiro Midonês Bastos, Federal Institute of Education, BrazilAyman El-Gamal, Coastal Research Institute, EgyptDeniz Anıl Odabaşı, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, TurkeyForat Yasir AlJaberi, Al-Muthanna University, IraqHannington Ochieng, Busitema University, UgandaLevent BAT, Sinop University Fisheries Faculty, TurkeyMajid Mohammad Nejad Shamoushaki, Islamic Azad University, IranTai-Sheng Cheng, National University of Taiwan, Taiwan Maggie LiuAquatic Science and TechnologyMacrothink Institute*************************************5348 Vegas Dr.#825Las Vegas, Nevada 89108United StatesTel: 1-702-953-1852 ext. 524Fax: 1-702-420-2900E-mail 1: ast@macrothink.orgE-mail 2: ast@macrothink.comWebsite: http://ast.macrothink.org
Bilingual Mistranslations: Plautus, Lorenzo da Ponte, and Guillermo Cabrera Infante
Authors: Bellei Francesca
Published: September 2020

In attending to the complex relation between bilingualism and translation, this article analyzes passages from three bilingual texts masquerading as translations: Plautus' Poenulus, Lorenzo Da Ponte's Lamento, and Guillermo Cabrera Infante's Tres Tristes Tigres. These texts must be read through the specific power dynamics at play in their authors' sociohistorical context, which informs each author's relationship with their status as migrant, multilingual subjects. In all three cases, their bilingualism is revealed to be a creative and purposeful choice, which creates a range of different audiences through interpellation. By commodifying themselves as failures, however, Platus, Da Ponte, and Cabrera Infante's texts simultaneously implicated in and profit off translation's push toward a single (literary) language, and the often brutal political processes it stems from and feeds into. Finally, this article argues that, by reading bilingual texts against the monolingual paradigm imposed by the nation-state (and retroactively imagined to exist in antiquity too), our ongoing resistance to multilingualism past and present can be positively challenged.
Prevalence of rotator cuff diseases in adults older than 40 years in or near Chuncheon city, Korea
Authors: Kim Do-Young , Hwang Jung-Taek , Lee Sang-Soo , Lee Jun-Hyuck , Cho Min-Soo
Published: September 2020

Background: To determine the prevalence of rotator cuff diseases in a population older than 40 years in or nearby Chuncheon city, Republic of Korea.Methods: Sixty shoulders of 30 people older than 40 years who participated in a health lecture were examined for free by an orthopedic surgeon. Visual analog scale of pain and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores were assigned, and routine physical examination was performed. Ultrasonography was performed on the shoulder. Results: On ultrasonographic examination, there were one shoulder with full thickness rotator cuff tear, 20 of 60 (33%) with partial thickness rotator cuff tear, five of 60 (8%) with calcific tendinitis, one of 60 (2%) with tear of the long head of the biceps, and five of 50 (8%) with tendinitis of the long head of the biceps. Participants older than 60 years showed significantly high proportions of lesion of the long head of the biceps and rotator cuff diseases (P=0.019 and P=0.015, respectively). Participants who performed physical labor had high proportions of rotator cuff tear and rotator cuff disease (P=0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Rotator cuff diseases showed a high prevalence in elderly persons and resulted in a decrease in shoulder function.
Comparison between minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis and the deltopectoral approach with allogenous fibular bone graft in proximal humeral fractures
Authors: Kim Joon Yub , Lee Jinho , Kim Seong-Hun
Published: September 2020

Background: Both allogenous fibular bone graft and minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis have been developed to reduce issues such as fixation failure, displacement, angulation, and nonunion after plate fixation of proximal humeral fractures. However, there have been no studies investigating the differences in clinical results between these methods. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical differences between open reduction and plate fixation via a deltopectoral approach with allogenous fibular bone graft and a minimally invasive approach, in Neer's classification two-, three-part proximal humeral fractures.Methods: In this retrospective study, 77 patients with Neer classification two-, three-part proximal humeral fractures were treated at two different institutions. Clinical and radiological evaluations were performed in 39 patients who underwent minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis at one institution (group A) and 38 patients who underwent the deltopectoral approach with allogenous fibular bone graft at another institution (group B). The results between the groups were compared.Results: The minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis procedure (group A) was significantly less time- consuming and caused less bleeding than allogenous fibular bone graft through a deltopectoral approach (group B) (P<0.05). The duration of the fracture union was significantly reduced in group A (14.5±3.4 weeks; range, 10–22 weeks) compared to group B (16.4±4.3 weeks; range, 12–28 weeks) (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups when evaluating the visual analog scale and Constant scores 1 year postoperatively. Radiological evaluation including neck-shaft angle and plate height were measured on the final follow-up X-ray image. There was no difference in radiological outcomes between the two groups. There were no statistically significant differences in malunion between the two groups; there were three malunion cases (7.7%) in group A and four (10.5%) in group B.Conclusions: The minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis procedure and deltopectoral approach with allogenous fibula bone graft for Neer's classification two-, three-part proximal humeral fractures demonstrated similar clinical and radiological results. However, allogenous fibula grafts require longer surgery, cause more bleeding, and result in longer fracture healing time than the minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis procedure.
Intramedullary fibula strut bone allograft in a periprosthetic humeral shaft fracture with implant loosening after total elbow arthroplasty
Authors: Jo Young-Hoon , Lee Seung Gun , Kook Incheol , Lee Bong Gun
Published: September 2020

Periprosthetic fracture after total elbow replacement surgery is a difficult complication to manage, especially when it comes together with implant loosening. If stem revision and internal fixation of the periprosthetic fracture are performed simultaneously, this would be a very challenging procedure. Most of total elbow replacement implants are cemented type. Cement usage at periprosthetic fracture site may interfere healing of fractured site. Authors underwent internal fixation with use of locking plate and cerclage wire for periprosthetic fracture, allogenous fibular strut bone inserted into the humerus intramedullary canal allowing the fractured site to be more stable without cement usage. At 10-month follow-up, the complete union and good clinical outcome was achieved. We present a novel technique for treating periprosthetic fracture with implant loosening after total elbow replacement surgery, using intramedullary allogenous fibula strut bone graft.
The Effect of Family Function on Social Adjustment and Self-Regulation of High School Students
Authors: Parsian Monireh , Igoli Somayeh Kamali , Alhossein Khadijehi Abolmaali
Published: September 2020

This paper examines the family function on social adjustment and self-regulation of high school students. The research method is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consists of all second-high school girl students in the city of Ghaemshahr. 110 female students were randomly selected as the research sample size. The results showed that there is a significant difference between family function and social adjustment and self-regulation of high school students at the error level of less than 0.01 and confidence level of 0.99. Based on regression analysis, family function variables (with a coefficient of 0.46) and social adjustment (with a coefficient of 0.44) had the highest coefficient of standardized regression, respectively, on the dependent variable of student self-regulation.
Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumour Masquerading as Loculated Pleural Effusion
Authors: Chawla Gopal , Ish Pranav , Garg Avneet , Deokar Kunal
Published: September 2020

We report a case of a large teratoma arising from the anterior mediastinum that presented as a confusing clinical picture of loculated pleural effusion which was successfully diagnosed and treated by surgical excision [...]
The Incidence of mTOR Marker in Tracheal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma by Immunohistochemical Staining
Authors: Pourabdollah Toutkaboni Mihan , Farahani Mehrdad , Sadegh Abdolreza , Kiani Arda , Sadr Makan , Taghavi Kimia , Abedini Atefeh
Published: September 2020

Introduction: There is an association between the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and aggressive tumor growth in multiple forms of cancer,including adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). ACCs are uncommon yet a malignant form of neoplasms that arises within the secretory glands. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the increase of mTOR in the ACC tumors in order to survey the possibility of treating these tumors with mTOR inhibitors. Material and methods: Samples from known cases of the lung and tracheal ACC were retrievedfrom the archives of the pa-thology department of Masih Daneshvari hospital, and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for mTOR was performed on them. After preparation of the blocks with specific antibodies, tumor cells with cytoplasmic and/or nuclear expression of mTOR were considered as positive cells by applying a specific scoring method introduced in this study. Results: The paraffin blocks of 26 patients were surveyed and the IHC marker of mTOR was positive in the tumors of 10 patients (38.5%). Out of 10 mTOR positive cases, 5 were females and 5 were males. The primary site of the surveyed tumors was the trachea and bronchus in 12 cases (46%), salivary glands in 7 individuals (27%), and lung tissue in 7 cases (27%), and there was no significant correlation between the primary site of the ACC tumors and the existence of the mTOR markers in them (P = 0.67). From all cases, 13 patients (50%) had cribriform and tubular cells without solid components, 9 cases (34.6%) had cribriform and tubular with less than 30% of solid components, and 4 cases (15.4%) had cribriform and tubular cells with more than 30% of solid com-ponents. There was no significant difference between the morphologies and the existence of mTOR markers in them (P = 0.741). Conclusions: As the incidence of mTOR markers is seen in patients with tracheal ACC, evaluation and scoring of mTOR in these persons can be helpful as further studies can distinguish the use of it in the treatment of the disease.
High-Intensity Exercise Improves Pulmonary Function and Exercise Tolerance in a Patient with TSC-LAM
Authors: Lowder Thomas
Published: September 2020

Introduction: While exercise has been shown to improve respiratory symptoms, exercise tolerance, and bone mineral density in many populations, no supervised exercise training interventions have been undertaken in patients with lymphangioleiomyo-matosis (LAM). Material and methods: One patient with TSC-LAM (tuberous sclerosis complex lymphangioleiomyomatosis) participated in two weekly sessions (50–60 min) of supervised aerobic exercise at 80–85% heart rate max for one year. Treadmill ergometry (VO2peak), spirometry (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, peak flow), and bone mineral density testing were performed prior to every 3 months. Results: After one year of supervised aerobic exercise training we saw dramatic increases in the patient’s VO2max (20%), FEV1 (9.5%), FEV1/FVC (9.1%) and peak flow (47%). Conclusions: The results from this study indicate that supervised exercise training can improve exercise tolerance and pulmonary function in a patient with lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Further research is needed, including longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes, to determine long-term effects and consistency of these findings. Aerobic exercise may offer a viable alternative or com-pliment to pharmacological interventions in the treatment of lymphangioleiomyomatosis. We show that high-intensity exercise training can markedly and safely improve pulmonary function in a patient with TSC-LAM. While we did not record quality of life or mood states, our patient did report improved self-confidence as well as enhanced mood.
Localization (and profiles) of tyrosinephosphorylated proteins in female reproductive organs of adult rats
Authors: Bunsueb Sudtida , Tangsrisakda Nareelak , Wu Alexander T.H. , Iamsaard Sitthichai
Published: September 2020

Objective: Tyrosine phosphorylation is an essential process in many biological systems, including the male reproductive system. The presence of tyrosine-phosphorylated (TyrPho) proteins has been well documented in male reproductive organs, but research in fertile females is still limited.Methods: The ovary, oviduct, and uterus of adult female Sprague-Dawley rats in the estrus phase were used to localize TyrPho proteins using an immunohistochemical technique. These proteins were separated and their expression patterns were examined by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis, respectively.Results: TyrPho proteins were localized in the cytoplasm of the oocyte except the antral fluid; in the granulosa cells, theca cells, and stromal cells of the ovary; at the apical surface of oviductal epithelial cells; and in the basal epithelium and submucosa of the uterine wall. Moreover, we found that 72-, 43-, and 28-kDa TyrPho proteins were localized in the ovary, while 170-, 55-, and 43-kDa proteins were localized in the oviduct. In the uterus, we detected four major bands, corresponding to 61-, 55-, 54-, and 43-kDa TyrPho proteins.Conclusion: Given that these TyrPho proteins were found in major reproductive organs in the estrus phase, these proteins may play important roles in female fertility.
The Effect of Aromatherapy by Rose Essence on Anxiety and Physiological Indices of Conscious Patients Admitted at Intensive Care Units
Authors: Zare Negar , Shahabinejad Maryam , Sadeghi Tabandeh
Published: September 2020

Background: Anxiety in patients admitted at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is common and usually moderate or severe. Anxiety affects endocrine and physiological responses. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of aromatherapy by rose essence on anxiety and physiological indices of conscious patients admitted at ICU. Methods: In this clinical trial, 60 conscious patients admitted at ICU wards in Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital of Rafsanjan were selected and randomly allocated into two groups of intervention and control. In the intervention group, three drops of 10% rose essence were poured on the gauze and placed 20 cm from the patients’ nose on their shirt, and the patients inhaled it for 20 minutes three times a day. In the control group, three drops of distilled water were used likewise. Data collection tools included Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.18. Results: According to the results, in the intervention group, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure significantly increased (paired t-test, P < 0.05) in the second time after the intervention and significantly decreased (paired t-test, P < 0.05) in the third time. The mean oxygen saturation of arterial blood also significantly increased in the second time in this group after the intervention (paired t-test, P = 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in anxiety score before and after the intervention in each group. Conclusions: Although aromatherapy using rose essence was statistically significant on some of the physiological indices of conscious patients in ICU, these differences were not clinically significant.
Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Problems We Faced and The Strategies We Adopted
Authors: Rostami Tahereh , Mousavi Seied Asadollah , Rad Soroush , Kiumarsi Azadeh , Hesabi Amir , Rostami Mohammadreza , Mirhoseini Seied Amirhosein , Hedayatiasl Amirabbas
Published: September 2020

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) clinicians to profoundly re-organize their medical care to reduce complications without compromising patients’ inquiries. Since this pandemic is a foggy novel disease, scientific approved data are not available, and so decisions should be made based on expert opinions. Methods: This is a pediatric HSCT center experience, including preventive and solving strategies specifically undertaken to address problems caused by the COVID-19 outbreak. Results: In this report, we have shared our experience to alert healthcare professionals worldwide to get prepared accordingly. Conclusion: We are not aware of the duration or outcome of the pandemic, but we are intended to learn from our experiences and figure out the best strategies to minimize the possible harms.
Challenges and Motivational Facilitators of Social Accountability in Medical Students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mohammadi Mahbobeh , Bagheri Mehdi , Jafari Parivash , Bazrafkan Leila
Published: September 2020

Background: Accountability in the community is one of the main missions of the medical school. Objectives: The current study aimed at explaining the motivational facilitators and challenges in medical students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, for social accountability based on their experiences. Methods: The current study using semi-structured interviews was conducted on 28 individuals, 16 of whom were students and 12 professors and managers of the medical school. Purposeful sampling was used up to saturation. Data were analyzed using the content analysis method. First, conceptual codes were extracted and then grouped into several main themes. Selected concepts or main themes included facilitators, inhibitors, or challengers. Results: Selected concepts or main themes included facilitating factors and educational challenges for the social accountability of the students. The facilitators included informed choice, personality and moral commitment, content and process of motivation, promotion of community-based learning in the university, and the role of professors in motivation. The inhibitors or challenges included traditional routines, ineffective evaluations, manners of meeting the students’ needs, the lack of educational facilities, and the impact of the increased number of students on the quality of education. Conclusions: According to the current study findings, the conditions and facilities should be shared among medical education programs to provide a supportive environment for the students, and take a positive and effective step toward motivating them to improve their accountability.
Calogênese em Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All.
Authors: Silva Tecla Dos Santos , Carvalho Filho Rosembrando Sosthenes Leite , Tanan Tamara Torres , Rocha Thaylane Carneiro , Santana José Raniere Ferreira de
Published: September 2020

Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. é uma árvore que pertence à família Anacardiaceae, conhecida popularmente como aroeira-do-sertão; possui potencial para utilização madeireira e medicinal, entretanto está ameaçada de extinção. Este trabalho objetivou estudar a calogênese da aroeira-do-sertão, bem como analisar bioquimicamente os calos produzidos, visando estudos posteriores em embriogênese somática. Explantes foliares foram inoculados em meio de cultura MS (MURASHIGE; SKOOG, 1962) suplementado com diferentes concentrações (0,0; 2,5; 5,0; 10,0 e 20,0 μM) de 2,4-D (2,4-diclorofenoxiacético), (0,0; 2,5 e 5,0 μM) CIN (cinetina) e (0,0; 0,34; 0,68 e 1,37 μM) glutamina. Para a curva de crescimento, pesou-se a massa fresca dos explantes com e sem calos até o 56º dia de cultivo, em intervalos de 7 dias. Foram determinados os açúcares redutores (AR), a sacarose e os açúcares solúveis totais (AST) em cada período da curva de crescimento. A utilização de 2,4-D é eficiente para a indução de calos em Myracrodruon urundeuva e a calogênese é potencializada com a combinação de 2,4-D, CIN e glutamina no meio nutritivo. A curva de crescimento dos calos de Myracrodruon urundeuva apresenta forma sigmoidal com cinco fases: lag, exponencial, linear, desaceleração e estacionária. O conteúdo de sacarose e AST apresentou comportamento distinto de acordo com as diferentes fases de crescimento dos calos, exibindo acúmulo de açúcares no período de preparação para o crescimento, degradação na fase exponencial e nova fase de acumulação nos estágios finais (desaceleração e estacionária). O conteúdo de AR, excetuando o dia “zero”, se manteve estável durante todos os períodos avaliados. Os calos de Myracrodruon urundeuva possuem potencial embriogênico, no entanto sugerem-se novos estudos para obtenção de embriões somáticos, bem como identificação do período em que os mesmos serão formados.
Efeitos do controle mecânico sobre Phyllostachys aurea Carr. ex A. & C. Rivi're no Parque Estadual de Vila Velha - PR
Authors: Carvalho Marilia Do Carmo Dolci de , Sanquetta Carlos Roberto , Dalla Corte Ana Paula
Published: September 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de diferentes tratamentos de controle para Phyllostachys aurea Carr. ex A. C. Rivi're. O delineamento utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições cada. Os tratamentos aplicados foram: corte dos colmos e abandono da área, corte dos colmos e uso de enxadão, corte dos colmos e sobreposição de lona plástica, passagem de grade niveladora sobre os indivíduos e testemunha. Após 120 dias foi realizada a avaliação dos tratamentos baseada no número de indivíduos, área basal, volume e biomassa dos colmos do bambu. Para tanto, foram coletados dados de diâmetro do colo, DAP (diâmetro à altura do peito) e altura dos indivíduos com altura acima de 1,30 m. Os resultados da análise de variância mostraram efeito significativo para todos os tratamentos ao nível de 95% de probabilidade. As variáveis utilizadas como base comparativa para avaliação dos tratamentos apresentaram redução média de 84% para o número de colmos, 92% em área basal, 91% em volume e 90% em biomassa após os tratamentos aplicados. Concluiu-se que a aplicação de técnicas que tenham como fundamento os princípios do controle mecânico apresentaram resultados positivos para redução de Phyllostachys aurea. No entanto, estas não foram suficientes para erradicar a espécie.
Decomposição da serapilheira foliar em plantios de bambu, nim indiano e eucalipto
Authors: Oliveira Ariane Miranda de , Barreto-Garcia Patrícia Anjos Bittencourt , Novaes Adalberto Brito de , Carvalho Flávia Ferreira de , Meireles Ivan Edson da Silva
Published: September 2020

O processo de decomposição da serapilheira regula o acúmulo de matéria orgânica no solo e a ciclagem de nutrientes, desempenhando importante papel na manutenção de ecossistemas florestais. Objetivou-se avaliar a decomposição da fração foliar da serapilheira de plantios homogêneos de Bambusa vulgaris, Azadirachta indica e de Eucalyptus urophylla, utilizando como referência uma área de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual. As áreas de estudo estão localizadas no município de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil. Para a avaliação da decomposição utilizou-se o método dos litterbags, sendo as coletas realizadas aos 30, 75, 120, 180, 240 e 350 dias. A partir dos resultados de massa remanescente, estimou-se a constante de decomposição (k) e o tempo de meia-vida. A serapilheira foliar foi submetida à análises químicas para determinação dos teores de carbono, nitrogênio, polifenóis, celulose e lignina. Ao final de um ano, bambu e nim indiano tiveram mais de 65% da sua serapilheira decomposta, com constantes k iguais a 0,0033 e 0,0069 g g-1 dia, respectivamente. O plantio de eucalipto e a floresta nativa apresentaram perdas de massa inferiores a 50% e valores de k menores que 0,0020 g g-1 dia. A serapilheira foliar do bambu e do nim indiano mostra-se mais propensa à decomposição, com taxas superiores ao eucalipto e à floresta nativa, o que proporciona a estas duas espécies uma maior capacidade de reciclar matéria orgânica e nutrientes.
Número 20 completo
Authors: Autores Varios
Published: September 2020

Número 20 completo en PDF.
Competencias y habilidades periodísticas en el siglo XXI. Percepción de los estudiantes de periodismo en España
Authors: Rodríguez-Pallares Miriam , Segado-Boj Francisco
Published: September 2020

A través de una encuesta (n=176), se busca comprobar la relación que existe entre la percepción de las competencias profesionales en estudiantes de periodismo y sus perfiles sociodemográficos y sus hábitos y modelos de consumo mediático. Los datos fueron analizados mediante pruebas ANOVA y modelos de regresión simple lineal. Los resultados revelan que, en todos los casos, los estudiantes perciben sus competencias por debajo de lo necesario para el desempeño del periodismo. El reconocimiento de las propias competencias informacionales es correlativa con la frecuencia global de consumo informativo. No se ha comprobado, en general, que los hábitos de consumo mediático predigan las expectativas de las competencias profesionales. La excepción en este sentido es la percepción Las Noticias Me Encontrarán (LNME), que se vincula con una menor concesión de importancia a competencias de tipo humanístico frente a las de tipo tecnológico. Respecto a los perfiles sociodemográficos, la autopercepción de las competencias aumenta según los alumnos avanzan de curso académico. Igualmente, los alumnos procedentes del bachillerato de artes conceden menos importancia a competencias informacionales y a la capacidad de oratoria. Por último, la realización de prácticas profesionales se vincula a una mejor percepción de las propias competencias tecnológicas y de conocimiento de la estructura de medios.
Multiplexed measurement of variant abundance and activity reveals VKOR topology, active site and human variant impact
Authors: Chiasson Melissa A , Rollins Nathan J , Stephany Jason J , Sitko Katherine A , Matreyek Kenneth A , Verby Marta , Sun Song , Roth Frederick P , DeSloover Daniel , Marks Debora S , Rettie Allan E , Fowler Douglas M
Published: September 2020

Vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) drives the vitamin K cycle, activating vitamin K-dependent blood clotting factors. VKOR is also the target of the widely used anticoagulant drug, warfarin. Despite VKOR’s pivotal role in coagulation, its structure and active site remain poorly understood. In addition, VKOR variants can cause vitamin K-dependent clotting factor deficiency or alter warfarin response. Here, we used multiplexed, sequencing-based assays to measure the effects of 2,695 VKOR missense variants on abundance and 697 variants on activity in cultured human cells. The large-scale functional data, along with an evolutionary coupling analysis, supports a four transmembrane domain topology, with variants in transmembrane domains exhibiting strongly deleterious effects on abundance and activity. Functionally constrained regions of the protein define the active site, and we find that, of four conserved cysteines putatively critical for function, only three are absolutely required. Finally, 25% of human VKOR missense variants show reduced abundance or activity, possibly conferring warfarin sensitivity or causing disease.
Metodologia para Mensuração das Atividades Características do Turismo
Authors: Gonçalves Caio César Soares , Faria Diomira Maria Cicci Pinto , Horta Tatiana de Almeida Pires
Published: September 2020

O objetivo desse artigo é propor uma metodologia para mensurar o tamanho das atividades características do turismo. A proposta parte do princípio da mensuração pelo lado da oferta utilizando as mesmas técnicas empregadas para mensuração das atividades no âmbito das Contas Nacionais e Regionais. Utilizando dados do Brasil e de suas Unidades da Federação, entre os anos de 2010 a 2015, os resultados encontrados apontaram que quanto a contribuição das atividades características do turismo no valor adicionado nacional, os estados litorâneos tendem a se destacar, as regiões Sul e Sudeste são hegemônicas em termos nominais e foi possível observar um decrescimento real no turismo em 2015.
Efficacy of Microwave Heating Parameters on Physical Properties of Extracted Oil from Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)
Authors: . Sachin , Singh Vijay Kumar , Garg M. K. , Kalra Amarjit , Bhardwaj Sushant , . Parveen , Kumar Rajender , . Yadvika , Kumar Sunil , Kumar Nitin , Attkan Arun Kumar , Panghal Anil , Kumar Deepak
Published: September 2020

In the study, essential oil extraction from turmeric was carried out using modified microwave distillation system and rotary evaporator unit. In present study, effect of input parameters i.e. microwave power (200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 W) and extraction time (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min.) on physical properties (oil yield, specific gravity, refractive index and colour) of essential oil were studied. Fixed ratio samples (1:1:1) i.e. turmeric powder, solvent and distilled water was used during the experiment conducted. Essential oil yield using hexane varied from 1.895% to 4.973% while from 0.180% to 1.226% using petroleum ether solvents. Quality parameters varied i.e. specific gravity from 0.910 to 0.923, refractive index from1.478 to 1.506, colour values for oil ranges L* from 70.60 to 98.60, a* from –25.60 to 15.1 and b* from 82.1 to 88.5. Optimum values of process parameters for maximum oil recovery (4.973%) and best quality of oil (specific gravity: 0.915; refractive index: 1.485) was found at microwave power 300 W and extraction time 20 min.
Performance of Compressed Stabilised Earth Blocks with Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Asha P. , Johnson K. , Sachin C. M. , Vetrivel V. , Prasanna E.
Published: September 2020

This study investigated the feasibility of using Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as a partial replacement of cement in the stabilization of clay soil for the production of compressed earth blocks. Varying levels of percentage replacement of cement with rice husk ash in range of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5% was used. From the compressive strength test results, compressive strengths of 2.07 MPa, 1.64 MPa, 1.74 MPa, 1.90 MPa and 1.50 MPa were obtained for blocks admixed with 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5% respectively. Water absorption was found to increase steadily with increase in percent of rice husk ash and value is 8.55% for the block with 12.5% RHA.  Unit weight of blocks decreased with increase in percent of rice husk ash.
Induce of Plant Growth Regulators with and without Bio-fertilizer for Enhances the Adverse Effect of Salinity on Germination, Growth and Photosynthetic Pigments
Authors: Basaba Reem Ahmad Ali , El Sayed Hameda El Sayed Ahmed
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to explain the induce of plant growth regulators (ascorbic acid - AsA & salicylic acid - SA) in the presence or absence of bio-fertilizer (Acadian extract –ACE) for alleviated the effect of salinity stress on two cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa, L. cv. Paris & cv. Royal). The lettuce seeds for four cultivars (cv. Paris Island Cos (cv. Paris) S1, cv. Royal S2, cv. Nader S3 & cv. Marvilli S4) soaked in PGRs (AsA, SA & GSH – 0.5 mM) and Acadian extract (ACE - 1%) for 12 hours in the dark at 4°C, for test of lettuce seeds viability (germination rate %). Germination both cultivars (cv. Paris S1 & cv. Royal S2) in trays of cork contains 218 eye for 14 days, transplanted the seedlings plant to plastic containers each pot containing one plant was irrigated with using NaCl salinity concentrations (0.00, 50; 100; 150 mM) 1st group alternative with distilled water and 2nd group alternating with ACE (1%), until harvest after 84 days. The results of germination indicated that the PGRs (AsA & SA) with both cultivars (cv. Paris S1 & cv. Royal S2) gives best results more the other PGRs (GSH) & bio-fertilizer (ACE) for the other cultivars. The data explained that the leaf number and leaf area, fresh and dry weights for shoot decreased significantly with increasing salinity concentrations compared with control, whereas the growth increased significantly more in cv. Royal S2 than in cv. Paris S1, particularly with AsA in the absence of bio-fertilizer (-ACE) more than SA compared with control. Whilst, the shoot succulence increased significantly with salinity concentrations more with AsA than SA especially in the absence of bio-fertilizer (-ACE) compared with control. However, the shoot dry matter content % decreased for both cultivars with increasing NaCl salinity concentrations especially with AsA more than SA in the absence (-ACE) compared with control. The evident recorded a significantly increased the photosynthetic pigments (Chl. a, Chl. b, carotenoids and total pigments) of leaves lettuce plant for both cultivars (cv. Paris & cv. Royal) with increasing NaCl salinity, also the photosynthetic pigments increasing more in cv. Royal S2 than in cv. Paris S1 especially with AsA more than SA in the absence (-ACE) under saline or non-saline conditions compared with the control. The data provide strong support to the hypothesis that exogenous application of AsA individually reduces the harmful effects of salinity and increases resistance to salinity in lettuce plant for both cultivars.
PGC‐1α is downregulated in a mouse model of obstructive cholestasis but not in a model of liver fibrosis
Authors: Park Jung Hyun , Kwak Bong Jun , Choi Ho Joong , Kim Ok‐Hee , Hong Ha‐Eun , Lee Sang Chul , Kim Kee‐Hwan , You Young Kyoung , Lee Tae Yun , Ahn Joseph , Kim Say‐June
Published: August 2020

Several studies have indicated that cholestatic liver damage involves mitochondria dysfunction. However, the precise mechanism by which hydrophobic bile salts cause mitochondrial dysfunction is not clear. In this study, we intended to determine the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver injury associated with peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ co‐activator 1α (PGC‐1α). A mouse model of cholestatic liver disease was generated by surgical ligation of the bile duct (BDL), and a mouse model of fibrosis was developed through serial administration of thioacetamide. After obtaining liver specimens on scheduled days, we compared the expression of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase 2 [SOD2], catalase, and glutathione peroxidase‐1[GPx‐1]) and PGC‐1α in livers from mice with fibrosis and cholestasis using western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. We found that cholestatic livers exhibit lower expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD2, catalase, and PGC‐1α. In contrast, fibrotic livers exhibit higher expression of antioxidant enzymes and PGC‐1α. In addition, cholestatic livers exhibited significantly lower expression of pro‐apoptotic markers (Bax) as compared to fibrotic livers. It is well known that overexpression of PGC‐1α increases mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme expression, and vice versa. Thus, we concluded that obstructive cholestasis decreases expression of PGC‐1α, which may lead to decreased expression of mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes, thereby rendering mice with cholestatic livers vulnerable to ROS‐induced cell death.
Biomimetics: teaching the tools of the trade
Authors: Wanieck Kristina , Ritzinger Daniel , Zollfrank Cordt , Jacobs Shoshanah
Published: August 2020

Biomimetics is a known innovation paradigm of the twenty‐first century with significant impact on science, society, economy, and challenges of sustainability. As such, it can be understood as a mindset for creative thinking and as a methodology or technique for effective knowledge transfer between disciplines, mainly biology and technology. As biomimetics is relevant to practitioners in various fields of application, understanding the teaching and training of biomimetics for different audiences is important. With this article, we aim to give a holistic view of teaching and training practices and opportunities. First, we offer a set of learning objectives based on an analysis of various courses worldwide and we give recommendations for the design of future curricula. Second, based on an audience analysis and interviews, we developed a set of personas of the users of biomimetics, and as such, we offer a deeper understanding of their needs for the design of the process, including tools and methods.