bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS INFECTION IN CHILDREN THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE
Authors: Babachenko I. V. , Samodova O. V. , Anokhin V. A. , Mikhaylova E. V. , Bogdanova A. V. , Evdokimov K. V. , Sharipova E. V. , Rogushina N. L. , Khaliullina S. V. , Chudakova T. K. , Yarushkina M. S. , Grigor’ev S. G.
Published: October 2018

The purpose was to study the clinical and epidemiological features of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized children the first year of life with lower respiratory tract diseases in different regions of the Russian Federation (Russia) during the 2015–2016 epidemic season.

Materials and methods: in the original study data of a multicentre observational study conducted on the basis of children’s hospitals in St. Petersburg, Arkhangelsk, Kazan, and Saratov are presented. Etiology of acute respiratory viral infections were confirmed by examination of smears from the posterior pharyngeal wall by polymerase chain reaction. The study sample included 991 child’s first year of life with lesions of the lower respiratory tract.

Results. In the etiological structure of the surveyed children in the season of 2015-2016, RSVI ranged from 14% to 46,2%, an average of 33%. RSVI dominated in the Centers of St. Petersburg (38,3%), Arkhangelsk (36.2%) and Kazan (42.5 per cent).RSVI significantly more often (p<0.01) leads to the development of bronchiolitis (29.4% against 16.3% and 10.0%, with rhinovirus infection and parainfluenza, respectively. Patients with RSUI often develop pneumonia (23,5%) vs 20.6% and 20,0% with rhinovirus infection, and parainfluenza. Patients with RSVI often suffer severe forms of the disease require oxygen support (13,8%) and treatment in the departmentof intensive care (15,9%).Seasonal peaks of hospitalization due to RSVI in all Centres were recorded in December-April 2015 and 2016. Regional differences in monthly intensity of hospitalization of children with RSVI were established.

Thus, the high prevalence of RSVI among children in the first year of life, especially with heavy and complicated forms of lower respiratory tract disorders requiring intensive care benefits, represents a socially important issue, which requires monitoring for effective prevention in children at risk.
RESULTS OF THE USE OF SOFOSBUVIR IN COMBINATION WITH LEDIPASVIR OR DACLATASVIR FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS C TREATMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors: Zhavoronok S. V. , Gutmane V. R. , Baryash T. M. , Soldatenko O. V. , Znovets T. V. , Mitsura V. M. , Voropaev E. V. , Gasich E. L. , Yagovdik-Telezhnaja E. N. , Sivachenko L. V. , Anisko L. A. , Zhmurovskaja L. S. , Krapivina S. V. , Yurovskij N. N. , Yurkevich I. V. , Karpov I. A.
Published: October 2018

To evaluate the efficacy of therapy with sofosbuvir in combination with ledipasvir or daclatasvir, the results of treatment of 299 patients with chronic hepatitis C, including 128 non-responders to combined interferon plus ribavirin therapy, who have prognostically unfavorable single nucleotide polymorphisms 39743165T> G (rs8099917) and 39738787C> T (rs12979860) of interleukin-28B gene, were analyzed. 57 people had liver cirrhosis. 80,9% (242) had genotype 1 of hepatitis C virus, 5% (15) – genotype 2, 13,7% (41) – genotype 3, and 0,4% (1) – genotype 4.

All 299 patients, who adhered to the recommendations of the European Association for the Study of the Liver 2016 and the American Association for the Study of the Liver Disease 2017, achieved a sustained virologic response 12 weeks after the end of therapy. The clinical case of treatment failure, associated with the lack of confirmation of the elimination of hepatitis C virus by means of highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction methods and with the later identified amino acid substitution in position Y93H of NS5A (resistance to NS5A inhibitors), is shown.

It is necessary to carry out monitoring of effectiveness of therapy only by means of highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction (from 10 ME/ml). If the virus elimination delays in patients with advanced stages of liver fibrosis it is needed to use the prolonged schemes of treatment. Repeated treatment of patients with existence of a mutation of Y93H requires the use of new NS5A inhibitors or combined drugs.
REAL-TIME ELASTOGRAPHY AND ITS CLINICAL APPLICATION COMPARED WITH OTHER METHODS FOR EVALUATION OF THE LIVER FIBROSIS DEGREE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: Belopolskaya M. A. , Avrutin V. Yu. , Denisova O. D. , Lichnaya E. V. , Yushina E. Yu. , Gurina S. I. , Dmitriev A. V. , Yakovlev A. A.
Published: October 2018

In this work we investigated to which extent the evaluation results of the degree of hepatic fibrosis obtained by realtime elastography (RTE) method are compatible with the results of the transient elastography (TE) and with the APRI indexes. We also analyzed the factors which can influence the reliability of the fibrosis degree evaluation obtained by different methods.

Materials and methods. The study included 99 patients (60 women and 39 men) with HCV, examined in the polyclinic department of the Saint-Petersburg Botkin clinical infectious hospital in 2017. In 83 patients, the fibrosis degree in the liver tissue has been evaluated by the RTE method using HI VISION Preirus (Hitachi, Japan) with a linear sensor. In 67 patients, the evaluation has been performed by the TE method using Fibroscan (Echosens, France). Both methods have been applied to 51 patients.

Conclusions. The aplication results of the RTE and TE methods do not differ significantly for patients with a severe fibrosis. Usually, the degree of fibrosis in patients with CHC obtained by the RTE is higher than the one obtained by the TE in the same patient. Due to the possibility to visualize a larger area under study, the RTE method has clear advantages in evaluating the degree of fibrosis in liver tissue in patients with focal changes in the liver. If the results obtained by the RTE and TE methods differ significantly, alternative methods must be used, such as a liver biopsy and biochemical methods.
ACTUAL ISSUES IN HIV INFECTION AND PREVENTION OF PERINATAL HIV TRANSMISSION IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA
Authors: Matuzkova A. N. , Suladze A. G. , Ryndich A. A. , Tverdokhlebova T. I.
Published: October 2018

One of the serious negative consequences of the HIV infection epidemic is the involvement of women of reproductive age and children into the epidemic process. The problem of vertical HIV infection transmission does not lose its relevance and causes the need for continuous monitoring of measures to prevent the transmission of HIV from mother to child. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a set of measures to prevent the transmission of HIV infection from mother to child in the South of Russia.

Materials and methods. The common methods of variation statistics were used in the work to analyze the data from the reporting forms of monitoring by Rospotrebnadzor «Imformation on measures for the prevention of HIV infection, hepatitis B and C, detection and treatment of HIV patients» and federal reporting forms N 61 «Information on contingents of patients with a disease caused by a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)» for 2016 and 2017, presented by the territorial Centers for Prevention and Control of AIDS of 15 RF subjects of the Southern Federal District and the North Caucasus Federal District.

Results. In 2017, compared to 2016, the decrease in the number of births in HIV-positive women was traced on the territory of the South of Russia. In 2017, target levels of mother-child coverage with chemoprevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV during pregnancy (over 92%) and during childbirth (more than 93,5%) were achieved in the Southern Federal District and the North Caucasus Federal District. A high proportion of women with a detectable level of HIV replication before birth was revealed.

Conclusion. The implementation of the recommended by standards preventive measures and the provision of antiretroviral drugs allowed to significantly increase the coverage of HIV infected pregnant women and their newborns with antiretroviral prophylactic treatment by 2018 which prevented HIV infection transmission from mothers to 8840 children. The problems that prevent the implementation of the full range of measures for the prevention of the vertical transmission of HIV in the South of Russia are identified and approaches for their solution are suggested.
The Joint Effects of Internal Auditors' Approach and Persuasion Tactics on Managers' Responses to Internal Audit Advice
Authors: Brown Timothy , Fanning Kirsten
Published: October 2018

Internal auditors frequently provide advice to managers as important input for accounting decisions. Recent practitioner guides have touted the merits of a participative or “coach” approach relative to a traditional “police officer” approach to the internal audit role. We conduct two experiments that test how managers respond to advice from an internal auditor using these different approaches. Results across both experiments suggest that when an internal auditor provides a professional favor (e.g., waives a standard investigation of an immaterial error), managers agree more with the internal auditor's advice only when he or she takes a participative approach. In contrast, a favor reduces managers' agreement with a more traditional internal auditor's advice. Our study contributes to practice by examining how an internal auditor's approach can change how favors influence corporate governance outcomes and contributes to the advice literature in accounting by highlighting the importance of expectancy confirmation.
Ragam Metode Ekstraksi Karotenoid dari Sumber Tumbuhan dalam Dekade Terakhir (Telaah Literatur)
Authors: Maleta Hana Susanti , Indrawati Renny , Limantara Leenawaty , Brotosudarmo Tatas Hardo Panintingjati
Published: October 2018

Karotenoid adalah pigmen yang memberikan warna kuning, jingga hingga merah. Karotenoid merupakan pigmen pendamping klorofil atau zat hijau daun yang menjalankan fungsi penyerapan energi cahaya untuk fotosintesis. Sumber karotenoid utama adalah tumbuhan, yang selanjutnya dikonsumsi dan dimetabolisme atau terakumulasi dalam tubuh hewan.  Terdapat lebih dari 3000 jenis karotenoid, dan beberapa jenis telah diketahui memiliki manfaat bagi kesehatan. Beberapa studi menyebutkan karotenoid berfungsi sebagai antioksidan, antikanker, dan membantu memelihara kesehatan mata. Ekstrak karotenoid telah diaplikasikan dalam berbagai produk pangan dan nutrasetikal. Dengan demikian, perkembangan teknologi metode ekstraksi karotenoid menjadi penting untuk diikuti. Ekstraksi karotenoid dilakukan dengan metode konvensional seperti maserasi ataupun modern seperti cairan superkritis, ultrasound asssisted extraction, enzimatik, pulsed electric field, dan pressurized liquid extraction. Sejumlah studi metode ekstraksi karotenoid dalam dekade terakhir disajikan dan dibahas dalam review berikut.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Serat Sagu (Metroxylon sago) Sebagai Adsorben Iodin
Authors: Rahmi Rahmi , Fachruddin Suaedi , Nurmalasari Nurmalasari
Published: October 2018

Adsorpsi terhadap zat iodin menggunakan karbon aktif dari limbah serat sagu (Metroxylon sago), dilakukan untuk mengetahui massa dan waktu kontak optimum yang dibutuhkan oleh karbon aktif untuk menyerap zat iodin. Karbon aktif yang digunakan adalah karbon yang telah diaktivasi dengan H3PO4 3% pada suhu 300 ºC, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Surface Area Analyzer (SAA) dan diperoleh luas permukaan 101,296 m2/g. Penelitian ini menggunakan variasi massa adsorben 0,05 gram; 0,1 gram; 0,3 gram; 0,5 gram; dan 0,8 gram dengan waktu adsorpsi selama 15 menit dan variasi waktu kontak 0 menit, 5 menit, 10 menit, 20 menit, 30 menit, 50 menit, dan 60 menit. Hasil penelitian diperoleh massa optimum dicapai pada berat adsorben 0,1 gram dengan daya serap terhadap iodin sebesar 301,459 mg/g dan waktu optimum diperoleh pada waktu kontak 30 menit dengan daya serap terhadap iodin 333,192 mg/g. Disimpulkan bahwa karbon aktif dari limbah serat sagu mampu menyerap zat iodin secara signifikan dan mekanisme proses adsorpsi karbon aktif limbah serat sagu terhadap zat iodin cenderung mengikuti kedua persamaan linier Langmuir dan Freundlich.
Pengolahan Limbah Logam Berat Kromium Hexavalen Menggunakan Reagen Fenton dan Adsorben Keramik Zeolit
Authors: Agustina Tuty Emilia , Faizal Muhammad , Aprianti Tine , Teguh Dedi , Rif'at Aditya M , Putra Imam Gunawan , Prayesi Mutiara Rizki , Fitrializa Ulfa
Published: October 2018

Kromium diketahui sebagai salah satu polutan beracun yang menyebabkan masalah lingkungan dan kesehatan masyarakat. Kromium Heksavalen Cr(VI) merupakan logam berat, dimana dalam konsentrasi yang kecil dapat menghasilkan tingkat keracunan yang tinggi pada makhluk hidup. Jika senyawa kromium (VI) terbuang ke lingkungan dan masuk ke dalam tubuh makhluk hidup maka akan sangat berbahaya, sehingga penting untuk mengolah limbah tersebut. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada proses pengolahan Cr(VI) dengan metode kombinasi yaitu secara kimia dan secara fisika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengolah air limbah yang mengandung Cr(VI) menggunakan reagen Fenton yang dilanjutkan adsorpsi menggunakan adsorben berbahan dasar zeolit dan tanah liat yang dibentuk menjadi keramik. Air limbah yang mengandung Cr(VI) dikontakkan dalam reaktor berpengaduk sehingga terjadi reaksi reduksi oksidasi, selanjutnya air limbah ini dilewatkan ke dalam kolom adsorpsi yang berisi adsorben keramik zeolit. Kondisi terbaik dari pengolahan air limbah yang mengandung Cr(VI) dengan metode kombinasi ini dicapai pada konsentrasi limbah krom 200 ppm, rasio molar reagen Fenton 1:30, dan pH 6. Dimana persentase maksimum penurunan Cr(VI) dengan proses Fenton sebesar 30,15% dan dilanjutkan dengan adsorpsi sehingga penurunan Cr(VI) total mencapai 99,99%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengolahan limbah logam berat kromium dengan menggunakan reagen Fenton dilanjutkan adsorpsi menggunakan adsorben keramik zeolit mampu menurunkan kadar Cr(VI) pada limbah cair mencapai 0,0033 ppm dari baku mutu yaitu 0,1 ppm, sehingga hasil penelitian ini telah memenuhi baku mutu lingkungan
Perilaku Reduksi Briket Bijih Besi dan Batubara Peringkat Rendah Aceh
Authors: Ali Nurdin , Khairil Khairil , Saputra Mahendra
Published: October 2018

Peneltian ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang pengolahan bijih besi menggunakan metode reduksi langsung berbasis pada batubara peringkat rendah dari Nagan Raya, Aceh. Proses reduksi langsung menggunakan reaktor pemanas listrik untuk mengsimulasikan temperatur reduksi. Temperatur reduksi yang digunakan adalah 550o, 650o, dan 750oC, kemudian dinjeksikan gas CO2 dan N2  sebanyak 10 dan 1 liter/menit sebagai media pereduksi. Rasio persen komposisi batubara, bijih besi dan ter yang digunakan adalah 80:10:10, 70:20:10, dan 60:30:10. Model shrinking core diaplikasikan untuk mempelajari prilaku reduksi briket bijih besi dan batubara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa laju reduksi meningkat dengan meningkatnya persen batubara briket, temperatur dan interval waktu reduksi. Laju penurunan massa dan reduksi briket maksimum terjadi pada temperatur 750oC dengan variasi campuran 60:30:10 adalah 0,237 dan 23,66%. Energi aktivasi untuk variasi batubara 10, 20 dan 30% berturut-turut adalah 10,14, 3,73 dan 2,82 kJ/mol.
Characterization of Polyether Sulfone (PES) Membranes Filled with Activated Carbon from Jatropha Seed Shell as Aditif for Elimination Peroxide Number and Free Fatty Acid in Used Cooking Oil
Authors: Aprilia Sri , Rosnelly Cut Meurah , Ramadhani Sri , Novarina Lia , Fathanah Umi , Djuned Fauzi Muhammad , Amin Amri
Published: October 2018

Minyak goreng adalah bahan konsumsi yang penting dalam rumah tangga dan industri makanan. Sayangnya, sering digunakan berulang kali karena mahal. Tindakan ini mungkin tidak hanya berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia, tetapi juga mempengaruhi nilai gizi dan mengurangi kualitas makanan. Kualitas reduksi ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya jumlah peroksida dan jumlah asam lemak. Penelitian ini menggunakan membran PES yang dimodifikasi dengan penambahan karbon aktif dari kulit biji jarak sebagai aditif untuk mengurangi fouling dalam minyak goreng olahan. Membran diproduksi dengan metode presipitasi perendaman. Sementara, karbon diaktivasi dengan larutan KOH 0,1% dan dipanaskan dalam furnace pada temperatur 600oC.Membran dan karbon aktif dianalisis menggunakan metode FTIR. Analisis SEM menghasilkan membran asimetris dengan lapisan atas berpori dan lapisan bawah padat.  Tiga campuran dalam penelitian ini dibuat dengan melarutkan PES yang dimodifikasi dengan karbon aktif pada 0%,3%, dan 5% (b/b) dalam N-methylpirrolidone. Pada penambahan karbon aktif 5% (b/b) dalam campuran membran menghasilkan koefisien permeabilitas tertinggi (L/P) sebesar 9,682 L m2bar-1h-1, pengurangan bilangan peroksida adalah 45% dan pengurangan asam lemak bebas adalah 72% dapat tercapai.
Penurunan Kadar Metilen Biru Dalam Limbah Batik Sokaraja Menggunakan Sistem Fe2O3-H2O2-UV
Authors: Dwiasi Dian Windy , Setyaningtyas Tien , Riyani Kapti
Published: October 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai penurunan kadar zat warna metilen biru pada limbah cair batik Sokaraja dalam sistem Fe2O3-H2O2-UV. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan beberapa perlakuan antara lain penentuan berat Fe2O3 optimum, konsentrasi H2O2 optimum, pH optimum, waktu optimum, dan efektivitas sistem AOP optimum. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kondisi optimum reaksi antara lain yaitu berat Fe2O3 sebanyak 0,5 gram, konsentrasi H2O2 sebesar 50 ppm, pH optimum pada pH 2, waktu kontak 10 jam, dan sistem AOP optimum pada sistem Fe2O3-H2O2-UV dengan persentase penurunan metilen biru sebesar 63 %.
Studi Pengaruh Suhu Terhadap Properties Gas-Cair pada Proses Absorpsi CO2 Menggunakan a-MDEA
Authors: Achir Zulfakhri , M. Yusuf Darmadi , Salamun Adi
Published: October 2018

Kecepatan transfer massa dan panas antara gas dan cairan sepanjang kolom absorpsi merupakan dasar dari proses perhitungan absorpsi CO2 dari gas sintesa menggunakan solven MDEA dengan aktivator Piperazine. Model transfer massa dan reaksi kimia yang terjadi disusun secara matematis dari neraca massa dan neraca panas gas cairsepanjang kolom berdasarkan teori dua lapisan film (two-film theory) dengan pendekatan overall rate transfer. Properties campuran gas dan cairan yang diperlukan dalam perhitungan, diestimasi dari properties individual gas cair dengan menggunakan konsep mixing rules. Estimasi properties campuran gas cair dilakukan dalam modul sub-function yang dibangun dengan code programming. Verifikasi modul sub-function dilakukan dengan membuat perbandingan antara properties gas cair dari literature dengan properties hasil estimasi yang merupakan output dari sub-function yang sudah disusun.Variabel yang berpengaruh langsung terhadap perubahan properties campuran gas cair adalah suhu.
Fotokatalisis Nanopartikel Magnetis Zinc Ferrite dengan Penyinaran Cahaya UV dan Cahaya Tampak
Authors: Nurhasanah Iis , Priyono Priyono , Karnaji Karnaji , Richardina Very
Published: October 2018

Nanopartikel magnetis ZnFe2O4 telah disintesis menggunakan metode presipitasi untuk degradasi rhodamine B dengan penyinaran cahaya UV dan cahaya tampak.  Analisis pola difraksi sinar-X dan spektrum Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) menunjukkan pembentukan kubik spinel ZnFe2O4 dengan ukuran kristalit sekitar 13 nm. Spektrum absorpsi dalam rentang cahaya UV (200 nm) sampai cahaya tampak (~ 600 nm) dan celah energi 2,04 eV teramati dari pengukuran spektrofotometer UV-Vis.  Sifat magnetik nanopartikel diukur menggunakan vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) menunjukkan sifat magnet lemah yang sesuai untuk aplikasi magnetis fotokatalis.  Nanopartikel ZnFe2O4 menunjukkan aktivitas fotokatalisis dengan cahaya UV maupun cahaya tampak untuk degradasi rhodamine B  dengan konstanta laju reaksi 8,2 x 10-3 /menit dan 4,5 x 10-3/menit.
Rights, Power and Agency in Early Childhood Research Design: Developing a Rights-Based Research Ethics and Participation Planning Framework
Authors: Mayne Fiona , Howitt Christine , Rennie Léonie
Published: October 2018

YOUNG CHILDREN'S RIGHTS, power and agency in research are dependent on adult agendas that are enmeshed throughout every research project. This paper presents a Rights-Based Research Ethics and Participation Planning Framework that defines and unpacks the components of a rights-based approach to early childhood research. This new framework supports researchers to plan projects that uphold children's rights, shift the balance of power towards the child, and provide opportunities for children to exercise voice and agency. The Planning Framework provides guidance from project conceptualisation to implementation through a three-stage process focusing on ethical foundations, practical design considerations and implementation of rights-based research. The first stage of this Planning Framework relates to the overall research design, the researcher's perspective of children's capacities and the child's perspective of the research culture. The second stage highlights key considerations for designing research that supports children's rights and agency. The third stage discusses implementation and the range of participation levels accessible to young children in research. The paper concludes with insight into how the Planning Framework can be used as a step-by-step process, and insight into the link between appropriately communicated information and young children's rights, power and agency within research participation.
Early Childhood Teachers’ Perspectives of Growth Mindset: Developing Agency in Children
Authors: Boylan Fiona , Barblett Lennie , Knaus Marianne
Published: October 2018

THE INTEGRATION OF MINDSET THEORY into classrooms can assist children in optimising academic achievement, increasing their agency for learning. The development of a growth mindset allows children to exercise autonomy over their learning, helping them to develop positive lifelong learning habits for the twenty-first century. This paper explores early childhood teachers’ perspectives of mindset and the role of a growth mindset in developing children's agency for learning. Despite increasing research in this field, little is known about the perspectives that early childhood teachers have of mindset. This paper reports on the data from a study that describes teachers’ perspectives towards fostering a growth mindset in children in the early years of school. Ninety-five Western Australian early childhood teachers from Kindergarten to Year 2 completed a survey that examined their perspectives of growth mindset. The analysis revealed competing knowledge about what teachers believe about mindset, and their ability to implement it. The information shared by teachers has implications for quality learning and teaching in the early years.
Collaborative Forum: An Affective Space for Infant–toddler Educators’ Collective Reflections
Authors: Quiñones Gloria , Li Liang , Ridgway Avis
Published: October 2018

A GROWING INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT to improve the quality of education and care for infants and toddlers is prevalent in the current research agenda. However, recent research on infant–toddler education is yet to provide a holistic view of the specialised practices for this age group. Drawing upon Vygotsky's cultural-historical theory, a holistic view is used to investigate collective reflection in order to transform educators’ professional practices. Data consisted of video observations of educators’ practices and three collaborative forums. Participants included six educators who worked in three long day care centres. The collaborative forums aimed for collective reflections, and educators were positioned as agents of change. Findings revealed challenges in practice and educators’ motivational systems—their aspirations for their work were important for improving practice. Collaborative forums offered an affective space for educators’ collective reflections. Implications show that when thinking occurs collectively, educators are able to reflect on their emotions and aspirations for the education of infants and toddlers.
Photographic Agency and Agency of Photographs: Three-year-olds and Digital Cameras
Authors: Magnusson Lena O
Published: October 2018

THIS ARTICLE CONTAINS SOME of the results from a recently completed small–scale qualitative research study with a focus on three-year-olds and digital cameras in preschool. The aim of the study was to give children access to the agency of being camera users. The study is based on two assumptions: that photographic documentation of young children's learning and their development is an essential feature in Swedish preschools, and that it's almost always the teachers who use the camera devices. The results show—with the help of a new materialistic theoretical framework (Barad, 2003, 2007, 2014; Lenz Taguchi, 2010)—that children, together with the cameras, illustrate changed power relations when it comes to who is looking at whom, and that they make visible new and changed photographic aspects of daily activities in preschool.
National Quality Standard in Schools: Leadership Enabling Power and Agency
Authors: Barblett Lennie , Kirk Gillian
Published: October 2018

THE POLITICAL IMPERATIVE that underscores the quest for continuous improvement and quality provision of early childhood education and care in Australia has seen the unparalleled development of a federal policy framework for children's services. The Council of Australian Governments (COAG) agreed to a National Quality Framework (NQF) and, as part of this, the National Quality Standard (NQS) was developed to drive continuous improvement and set a national benchmark for the provision of children's services outside the schooling sector. The Western Australian Minister for Education required not only prior-to-school children's services to meet the NQS, but also the early years of school that cater for children aged four years to eight years (Kindergarten to Year 2). This research project followed the journey of four schools that implemented the NQS in 2016, in the first year of mandatory use. A case study approach using qualitative methods of individual and focus group interviews of principals, teachers, teaching assistants and Department of Education consultants was undertaken. The data was analysed by the coding of common themes and by completing a cross-case synthesis. Leadership was the most common theme for successful implementation of the NQS. This paper reports on the aspects of leadership across multiple layers that represented the involvement of Department of Education consultants, principals and staff at four public schools. Essentially, the NQS increased staff power and agency, and united their vision for continuous quality improvement that contributes to the national quality agenda for children.
Helping Communities Improve Child Development Outcomes: The Importance of Governance in the Kids in Communities Study (KiCS)
Authors: Robinson Rachel , Woolcock Geoffrey , Findlay Tammy
Published: October 2018

THIS CASE STUDY CONSIDERS the multi-level governance environment of child development policy in two suburbs in Victoria, Australia. The mixed methodology draws on material from the governance domain of the Kids in Communities Study (KiCS). KiCS investigates the relationship between neighbourhood factors and Early Childhood Development (ECD) in communities of advantage and disadvantage across Australia. KiCS has enabled researchers to consider the ECD governance environment in multiple sites, reflect on the potential to develop community-level indicators for child outcomes, and leverage policy opportunities to improve child development.
Sharing Power with Children: Repositioning Children as Agentic Learners
Authors: Ruscoe Amelia , Barblett Lennie , Barratt-Pugh Caroline
Published: October 2018

CHILDREN ARE FIRST-HAND WITNESSES of their childhood and experiences of learning. However, their perspectives are seldom sought by educators, who traditionally hold views of children as being innocent and dependent upon adults to ‘ know what's best’ for nurturing children's wellbeing and future trajectories. This research seeks to raise the credibility of young children's unique perspectives, by viewing them as active agents and insightful contributors to our understanding of the phenomenon of learning. Through an interpretivist paradigm, 17 public school children, aged five to six years, from a pre-primary class in Perth, Western Australia, were interviewed to gain insight into their perceptions, perspectives and understanding of learning. The children were invited to draw representations of themselves while learning, and to explain what they were drawing as they drew. The children's responses provide insight into their experiences of school and learning, what they perceive learning is like for them, and what they believe is required for learning in their first year of compulsory school. The diversity of the children's responses reflects the socio-cultural impact of their ecological systems in shaping their beliefs about how learning takes place. The findings also reveal children's existing agency in the learning process, regardless of what an educator may afford, and illuminates that children are discerning about what is important for them to learn and what may be the best context for learning. This study assists in bridging the gap between child- and adult-held beliefs, and moves toward the co-construction of a new understanding of learning in early childhood. This shared understanding can be used as a platform for reconsidering what is valued in early childhood pedagogy and for promoting attitudes toward a child's capacity as a learner that foster early years practices, which are truly responsive to the contemporary child.
Non-invasive evaluation of fluid dynamic of aortoiliac atherosclerotic disease: Impact of bifurcation angle and different stent configurations
Authors: Rigatelli Gianluca , Zuin Marco , Dell’Avvocata Fabio , Nanjundappa Aravinda , Daggubati Ramesh , Nguyen Thach
Published: October 2018

Objectives

To non-invasively evaluate by computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis the physiology and rheology of aortoiliac bifurcation disease at different angles and different stent configurations.

Material and methods

For the analysis, we considered a physiologic model of abdominal aorta with an iliac bifurcation set at 30°, 45° and 70° without stenosis. Subsequently, a bilateral ostial common iliac stenosis of 80% was considered for each type of bifurcation. For the stent simulation, we reconstructed Zilver vascular self-expanding (Zilver; Cook, Bloomington, MN) and Palmaz Genesis Peripheral (Cordis, Miami, FL) stents.

Results

The physiologic model, across the different angles, static pressure, Reynolds number and stream function, were lower for the 30° bifurcation angle with a gradient from 70° to 30° angles, whereas all the other parameters were inversely higher. After stenting, all the fluid parameters decreased homogenously independent of the stent type, maintaining a gradient in favour of 30° compared to 45° and 70° angles. The absolute greater deviation from physiology was observed for low kissing when self-expandable stents were used across all angles; in particular, the wall shear stress was high at at 45° angle.

Conclusion

Bifurcation angle deeply impacts the physiology of aortoiliac bifurcations, which are used to predict the fluid dynamic profile after stenting. CFD, having the potential to be derived both from computed tomography scan or invasive angiography, appears to be an ideal tool to predict fluid dynamic profile before and after stenting in aortoiliac bifurcation.
Pemulsaan dan Ameliorasi Tanah Salin untuk Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai
Authors: Purwaningrahayu Runik Dyah , Taufiq Dan Abdullah
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Most salt-affected agricultural land has low productivity such that suitable management is required to improve the productivity. Negative effect of salinity stress can be reduced by growing salt-tolerant cultivars and soil amelioration. The objective of the research was to identify effective ameliorant and effect of mulching in improving soybean growth and yield on saline soil. The research was conducted on saline soil in Lamongan District that has electrical conductivity (EC) of  11.39 dS m-1 during dry season 2016. Treatments consists of two factors that were arranged in split plot design, and replicated three times. The main plot was mulching, i.e. without mulching and mulching with 3.5 ton ha-1 rice straw. The subplots were six amelioration traits, namely without amelioration (control), 120 kg ha-1 K2O, 750 kg ha-1 S, 5 ton ha-1 gypsum, 5 ton ha-1 manure and combination of 5 ton ha-1 manure+1.5 ton ha-1 gypsum. The soybean seed used was K-13, a saline tolerant genotipe. The results showed that mulching reduced soil EC, increased K and Ca absorption, leaf chlorophyll index, improved growth and yield. Soil amelioration with K2O, sulphur, gypsum, or combination of manure+gypsum decreased soil EC and soil pH.  Amelioration with gypsum increased the grain yield of 36.3%.

Keywords: EC, leaf chlorophyl index, salinity stress, soil management
Evaluasi Genotipe Tomat Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma di Dataran Rendah
Authors: Romadhon Muhammad Roiyan , Sutjahjo Surjono Hadi , Marwiyah Dan Siti
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Bacterial wilt and fruit cracking are serious problems in tomatoes cultivation in the lowland area. This research aimed to evaluate the yield of M4 generation of tomatoes in the field and the incidence of bacterial wilt disease and fruit cracking in low altitude. The research was conducted at the IPB Experimental Field in Leuwikopo, Dramaga, Bogor, from December 2015 to April 2016. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with three replications. The material consisted of 15 M4 genotypes and two controls (Berlian and Kefaminano 6). The results showed that genotype of M4/495 Lombok 1-9-2 (U2) has high  productivity. Genotype M4/990 Lombok 1-5-1 (U1) has  high weight  per fruit and resistant to fruit cracking. Genotype M4/495 GL2-8-10 (U2), M4/495 Kemir 1- 4-7 (U3), M4/495 STBGL 1-2-3 (U1) M4/990 Lombok 1-5-1 (U1), and  M4/495 STBGL 1-2-9 (U1) have the lowest incidence of bacterial wilt (0.00%). Two genotypes which have high productivity and resistant to fruit cracking are M4/495 Lombok 1-9-2 (U2) and M4/990 Lombok 1-5-1 (U1), and to be evaluated in a preliminary yield trial.

Keywords: bacterial wilt, fruit cracking, genotype, yield
Pertumbuhan, Produktivitas dan Hasil Hablur Klon Tebu Masak Awal-Tengah di Tanah Inceptisol
Authors: , Supriyadi , Khuluq Ahmad Dhiaul , Djumali Dan
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
    
Sugar cane is a strategic commodity for the Indonesian government as raw material for the national sugar industry. Cultivation of sugar cane has been shifted to dry areas dominated by Inceptisol, Vertisol, and Ultisol soil. These conditions require certain clones to obtain high sugar yield. New improved varieties have been developed and 8 early-mid maturiting clones have been obtained. The study was aimed to evaluate and obtain earty-mid maturing clones with higher sugar yield than the existing varieties in dry land of Inceptisol soil. The study was conducted at the Karangploso Experimental Station, Malang from July 2015 to September 2016. The study was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The treatment consistsed of eight clones of early to mid maturing sugarcane clones and one control variety (Kenthung). The eight clones were (1) PS 04 117, (2) PS 04 259, (3) PS 04 129, (4) PS 05 258, (5) PS 06 391, (6) PS 06 370, (7) PS 06 188, and (8) JR 01. The results showed that three clones (PS 06 188, PS 05 258 and JR 01) produced higher sugar yield (10.45-11.88 ton ha-1), and the other clones showewd lower sugar yield (6.55-9.37 ton ha-1) than that of Kenthung variety (9.16 ton ha-1).PS 06 188 and PS 05 258 clones obtained the highest sugar yield of 11.88 and 11.49 ton ha-1, respectively.

Keywords: dry land, performance, Saccharum officinarum,  sugar content, variety
Penentuan Indeks Seleksi Toleransi Kekeringan Galur Dihaploid Padi Sawah Tadah Hujan pada Fase Perkecambahan
Authors: Akbar Miftahur Rizqi , Purwoko Bambang Sapta , Dewi Iswari Saraswati , Suwarno Dan Willy Bayuardi
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Rainfed rice tolerant to drought and high yielding would be an alternative to rainfed lowland areas prone to drought stress. Selection in the early phase of plant growth will accelerate the effort to obtain rainfed varieties. The objective of this experiment was to identify characters that significantly affect the selection of drought tolerance using PEG 6000 concentration of 25% in the germination phase. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse of ICABIOGRAD, Bogor, using a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was 32 rice genotypes while the second factor was 2 levels of PEG 6000, i.e., concentrations of 0 and 25%. The results showed that the correlation analysis and principal component analysis obtain the important characters namely the germination percentage, seminal root length, and the dry weight of seminal roots. Based on discriminant analysis, the index matching value of 96.77% was suitable to distinguish tolerant and sensitive genotypes using PEG 6000 concentration of 25% in the germination phase.

Keywords: germination percentage, seminal root length, root dry weight
Pemberian Pupuk Silika Cair untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan, Hasil, dan Toleransi Kekeringan Padi Sawah
Authors: , Sugiyanta , Dharmika I Made , Siti Mulyani Dan Dedeh
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
    
As one of the silica (Si) accumulator, rice (Oryza sativa L.) requires large amounts of silica for growth. This study aimed to determine the effect of liquid silica fertilizer application on lowland rice growth and yield, and its roles in drought stress responses. The experiments were conducted at Sawah Baru rice field and Cikabayan Greenhouse Experiment Station, IPB, Bogor during the period of January to May 2016. The field experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with 7 treatments and three replications. The greenhouses experiment was arranged in a split-plot randomized block design with 3 replications. The main plots were 5 levels of liquid silica fertilizer application, while the subplot was 5 level of various soil water contents. The results of the field experiment showed that the application of liquid silica fertilizer increased rice shoot dry weight, total and productive tiller numbers, and yield per plant, but did not increase yield per hectare. Meanwhile at greenhouse experiment, it showed that the use of liquid silica fertilizer reduced the number of rice stomata, but did not increase cuticle thickness and grain yield per plant. Silica application was not effective to alter drought in rice.

Keywords: IPB 3S, silica fertilizer, soil water content, water use efficiency   
Advances in echocardiography: global longitudinal strain, intra-cardiac multidirectional flow imaging and automated 3d volume analysis
Authors: Baysan Oben , Ocaklı Ezgi , Saglam Yasemin , Altuner Tugba
Published: October 2018

Echocardiography has the long development history beginning with amplitude imaging. Nowadays, two- and three- dimensional imaging are standard tools available in almost every echocardiography machine. Myocardial deformation imaging is gaining popularity out of research projects. The future will bring new and sophisticated tools for echocardiographic analysis such intracardiac flow imaging and an automated 3D volume calculation.
Exploring the Role of Artefacts to Coordinate Design Meetings
Authors: Gutierrez Lopez Marisela , Luyten Kris , Vanacken Davy , Coninx Karin
Published: October 2018

Design artefacts are vital to communicate design outcomes, both in remote and co-located settings. However, it is unclear how artefacts are used to mediate interactions between designers and stakeholders of the design process. The purpose of this paper is exploring how professional design teams use artefacts to guide and capture discussions involving multidisciplinary stakeholders while they work in a co-located setting. An earlier draft of this paper was paper published in the Proceedings of the European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics (ECCE 2017). This work adds substantial clarification of the methodology followed, further details and photographs of the case studies, and an extended discussion about our findings and their relevance for designing interactive systems. We report the observations of six design meetings in three different projects, involving professional design teams that follow a user-centered design approach. Meetings with stakeholders are instrumental for design projects. However, design teams face the challenge of synthesizing large amounts of information, often in a limited time, and with minimal common ground between meeting attendees. We found that all the observed design meetings had a similar structure consisting of a series of particular phases, in which design activities were organized around artefacts. These artefacts were used as input to disseminate and gather feedback of previous design outcomes, or as output to collect and process a variety of perspectives. We discuss the challenges faced by design teams during design meetings, and propose three design directions for interactive systems to coordinate design meetings revolving around artefacts.
Motivación educativa del profesorado de educación secundaria durante su periodo de formación inicial docente
Authors: Burgueno Rafael , Cicilia Álvaro , Medina-Casaubon Jesús
Published: October 2018

A partir de la Teoría de la Auto-Determinación, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las posibles diferencias motivacionales que el profesorado en formación inicial informara al inicio y final de su periodo de formación inicial docente. Participaron 429 profesores españoles en formación inicial. Los análisis de la prueba       t-Student de muestras apareadas revelaron que el profesorado informó una mayor puntuación en la regulación integrada y regulación identificada al final del periodo formativo. De igual modo, los resultados indicaron que el profesorado mostró al final del máster puntuaciones más bajas tanto en desmotivación como en cada sub-tipo de motivación intrínseca respecto a las puntuaciones informadas al inicio de este proceso formativo. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia del proceso de internalización de la conducta docente cuando el profesorado cursa con éxito su programa de formación inicial.
Grupos de trabajo, un medio para mejorar los rendimientos en el área de CCSS en secundaria a través de las TIC
Authors: López Mauricio Rodríguez
Published: October 2018

En este artículo describo mi experiencia como coordinador al frente de un grupo de trabajo formado por docentes que, durante los cursos 2013-2016, hemos aplicado herramientas TIC en el área de ciencias sociales, en secundaria, para intentar mejorar la motivación del alumnado y su rendimiento global, a la vez que se desarrolla un plan de autoformación para los docentes participantes. Describiré los procedimientos, las herramientas y los resultados obtenidos partiendo de un análisis sobre la situación actual del área en las aulas de ESO de un centro concertado del barrio de “La Chanca”.
Importancia de la motivación en un aula de un centro de educación compensatoria
Authors: Leis Germán Goday
Published: October 2018

Este trabajo es parte de un proyecto de investigación llevado a cabo durante el período de Prácticas Externas en el Máster en Profesorado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato en la Universidad de Almería. En este tiempo se intenta ver si, a partir de una modificación radical en la metodología llevada a cabo por el profesor, la motivación del alumnado de una clase de segundo de Bachillerato en un centro de educación compensatoria cambia, partiendo de unos resultados bastante pobres. Además, también estudia cómo se refleja este cambio en la metodología de enseñanza en los resultados obtenidos por los alumnos. El objetivo del proyecto es ofrecer, en un tema tan estudiado como la motivación, un estudio en un contexto muy diferente y tan poco tratado como lo es la educación compensatoria. De esta manera, los profesores podrían encontrar nuevas formas de acercamiento a sus estudiantes, que podrían resultar reforzados positivamente.
Ação tutorial no ensino superior: experiência com alunos maiores de 23 em uma instituição pública de Portugal
Authors: Alves Francione Charapa , Simão Ana Margarida Veiga , Leitinho Meirecele Calíope
Published: October 2018

Objetiva-se refletir sobre o Programa de Tutoria Maiores de 23 (PTM23) a partir das percepções de alunos M23, tutores, coordenadores e professores de uma Instituição de Educação Superior em Portugal. Para atender a este objetivo realizamos uma investigação qualitativa com o uso de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 13 sujeitos envolvidos no Programa. A análise dos dados foi feita como uso da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de avaliação constante da tutoria para que ela seja cada vez mais sistematizada de forma a atender às reais necessidades dos alunos. Também apontam que a tutoria é percebida como importante para todos os envolvidos e que ela está conseguindo encontrar a sua razão de existir como atividade que contribui para o desenvolvimento e o crescimento de tutores, tutorandos e consequentemente, influencia a instituição como um todo.
O contexto local como elo entre ciências da natureza e educação do campo
Authors: Fonseca Eril Medeiros da , Bierhalz Crisna Daniela Krause
Published: October 2018

Apresenta-se um recorte da pesquisa desenvolvida na Universidade Federal do Pampa – Campus Dom Pedrito, no curso de Licenciatura em Ciências da Natureza. Objetivou-se sugerir articulações entre Ciências e o contexto sócio-político-econômico e cultural do campo. Analisaram-se os cadernos de Ciências dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola do campo do Rio Grande do Sul. É uma pesquisa qualitativa, explicativa e documental, aliando três concepções teóricas: Educação do Campo, Ensino de Ciências e formas de articulação com o meio. Constatou-se que os conteúdos de Ciências são trabalhados de forma mecânica, seguindo a sequência do livro didático. Não se evidenciou imbricamento entre conteúdos de Ciências e contexto local. Estima-se que as propostas temáticas: terrário e alimentação são potencializadoras da construção do conhecimento, integrando os conteúdos de Ciências e contexto cultural dos sujeitos do campo.
A poesia como cuidado de si: formação e educação
Authors: Rodrigues Elisandro , Marangon Márcio Luís , Damico José Geraldo Soares
Published: October 2018

Articula-se neste artigo uma reflexão sobre a potência do pensamento e do cuidado de si, tendo por objetivo apresentar a poesia como instrumento de articulação, agenciada com experiências de trabalho no fazer educação em sala de aula. Escolhe-se, para ajudar neste processo, um suporte metodológico histórico-hermenêutico, com o qual se almeja dialogar e triangular autores e experiências pedagógicas. Para problematizar tal temática, divide-se o texto em três partes, sendo que na primeira se utilizará uma análise do papel da estética na Grécia antiga. Em um segundo momento, abordar-se-á o cuidado de si como alternativa para enfrentar as consequências dos modos de vida na sociedade contemporânea, e pressupostos de Foucault serão bases fundamentais para tais apontamentos. Por fim, há uma tentativa de montagem entre expressão poética e cuidado de si mediante experiências práticas desenvolvidas em zonas de aproximação entre a educação básica e a educação superior.