bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AUTOLOGOUS FULL THICKNESS SKIN GRAFT WOUND HEALING ON SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS Reviewed From TGF-? Expression And Neutrophil Number
Authors: Kusuma Nauval Marta , Hardian Hardian , Najatullah Najatullah , Yuniati Renni , Susilaningsih Neni
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Introduction : Skin grafts are now one of treatment option in wound healing process that is always developing. TGF-bexpression and the number of neutrophils have an important role in healing skin graft wounds. Ozone (O3) has disinfecting properties that are effective in wound healing.

Objective : Proving the effectiveness of Ozonated VCO for Full Thickness Skin Graft wound healing using parameter of TGF-b expression and neutrophil number.

Method : This study is an experimental study with a post-test only design group of 40 Sprague Dawley rats performed autologous skin graft at the same time. Samples were divided randomly into 8 groups (K1 = without Ozonated VCO), (A1 = Ozonated VCO 50 mg / ml), (B1 = Ozonated VCO 100 mg / ml), (C1 = Ozonated VCO 200 mg / ml), ( K2 = without Ozonated VCO) (A2 = Ozonated VCO 50 mg / ml), (B2 = Ozonated VCO 100 mg / ml), (C2 = Ozonated VCO 200 mg / ml). Assessment of TGF-b expression and neutrophil number of tissue was performed by staining hematoxylin & eosin and immunohistochemistry on days 6 and 12 after skin graft.

Results : There were significant differences (p <0.05) TGF-b expression and neutrophils number of tissue between the control group and the administration of Ozonated VCO doses of 50 mg / ml, 100 mg / ml and 200 mg / ml on days 6 and 12 post skin graft.

Conclusion : The administration of Ozonated VCO effectively improve Full Thickness Skin Graft wound healing seen from macroscopic wounds, increase TGF-b expression and decrease the number of neutrophils.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HYDROLYZED VCO CREAM ON VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (VEGF) EXPRESSION AND COLLAGEN THICKNESS FOR HEALING 2ND DEGREE BURNS INJURY IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: Syarif Fahmi , Susilaningsih Neni , Bakhtiar Yuriz
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

   Burn wounds remain a serious problem in several countries. The presence of burn wounds might trigger local or in severe cases also triggers systemic response. Immediate treatment is required to prevent further tissue damage. Silver sulfadiazine cream is commonly used as a burn therapy. However, long-time usage might cause negative side effects. Several effective alternatives with better safety are opted, including virgin coconut oil (VCO). Originating from Cocos nucifera, commonly known as the coconut plant, VCO is a product that contains a lot of beneficial substances, such as lauric acid, polyphenol, and alpha-tocopherol. Hydrolyzed VCO can be an alternative to topical drugs in second-degree burns as it increases Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) expression and collagen thickness in the burn wound healing phase.

   This randomized post-test only with parallel-group experiment was done using Wistar rats induced to a second-degree burn. The effect of 70% and 100% on second-degree burn healing, measured by hydrolyzed VCO on VEGF expression and collagen thickness was observed between 6 and 12 days of therapy. VEGF expression and collagen expression increased higher in groups treated with 70% and 100% hydrolyzed VCO compared with the control group treated with base cream.
Aspirasi Trombus Selektif Memperbaiki Aliran Koroner dan Mengurangi Tingkat Badai Trombus pada Pasien Sindroma Koroner Akut Dengan Elevasi Segmen ST yang dilakukan Intervensi Koroner Perkutan Primer
Authors: Bramantyo Liborius , Udin Bahrudin , Ardhianto Pipin , Uddin Ilham , Rifqi Sodiqur
Published: November 2021

Latar belakang: Embolisasi distal koroner berkontribusi terhadap tingginya kejadian kardiovaskular mayor (KKVM) pasca intervensi koroner perkutan primer (IKPP). Aspirasi trombus (AT) manual berpotensi mengurangi embolisasi distal dan memperbaiki perfusi mikrovaskular pada pasien sindroma koroner akut dengan elevasi segmen ST (SKA-EST), terutama pasien dengan badai trombus tinggi.

Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh aspirasi trombus selektif terhadap skor TIMI trombus dan luaran klinis pasca IKPP.

Metode: Penelitian retrospektif pada pasien SKA-EST dengan onset ?12 jam dan skor trombus TIMI awal ?3 yang menjalani IKPP dengan aspirasi trombus selektif di RSUP Dr. Kariadi periode Januari 2018 sampai Desember 2019. Luaran klinis yang diobservasi adalah KKVM selama rawat inap yang terdiri dari mortalitas, syok kardiogenik, edema paru akut, aritmia, revaskularisasi ulang, dan stroke.

Hasil: Sejumlah 100 pasien memenuhi kriteria, terdiri dari 50 pasien kelompok AT dan 50 pasien kelompok non-AT. Rerata skor trombus TIMI awal kelompok AT dan non-AT, masing-masing 4,76 dan 3,8 (p<0,001). Kelompok AT mengalami penurunan skor trombus TIMI lebih baik dibanding non-AT (4,72 vs. 3,8, p<0,001). Terdapat 8 (16%) pasien kelompok AT dan 11 (22%) pasien non-AT yang mengalami KKVM pasca IKPP (RR 1,08, IK 95% 0,89-1.30, p=0,44).

Kesimpulan: Aspirasi trombus selektif mungkin mengurangi tingkat badai thrombus. Aspirasi trombus mungkin menurunkan kejadian kardiovaskular mayor selama rawat inap pasca IKPP pada pasien dengan skor trombus TIMI di atas 4 setara dengan yang memiliki skor trombus TIMI kurang dari 4 tanpa aspirasi trombus.
Faktor Komorbid Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Luaran Penyakit Covid 19 Di Intensive Care Unit RSUP Dr Kariadi Semarang
Authors: Harahap Sofyan , Mulyono Harry , Soesilowati Danu
Published: November 2021

LATAR BELAKANG : Sars-Cov2 telah menjadi pandemi dan mengakibatkan masalah kesehatan dunia. Beberapa faktor yang memperburuk kondisi penderita Covid-19 antara lain usia, penyakit komorbid sebelumnya, infeksi sekunder, serta peningkatan indicator inflamasi. Banyak penelitian tentang faktor yang mempengaruhi luaran penyakit covid-19, namun hasilnya tidak konsisten. Dengan demikian, diperlukan penelitian yang spesifik pada daerah tertentu sehingga dapat digunakan dalam pengelolaan kasus setempat.

TUJUAN : mengetahui faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap luaran penyakit covid-19 di intensive care unit RSUP Dr Kariadi.

METODE : Penelitian ini menganalisa pasien covid 19 di ICU RSUP Dr Kariadi periode Maret-September 2020 dengan metode retrospektif dan purposive sampling. Uji hipotesis yang digunakan disesuaikan dengan skala pengukuran tiap variabel. Analisa awal secara univariat menggunakan chisquare, fisher, T-test, dan mann-whitney.

HASIL : Dari penelitian ini didapatkan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap luaran covid-19 secara bivariat antara lain riwayat penyakit jantung (p=0,037), temperatur (p=0,012), respiratory rate (p=0,030), saturasi oksigen (p=0,021), trombosit (p=0,015), ureum (p=0,034), PO2 (p=0,002), fraksi oksigen (FiO2) (p=0,034), AaDO2 (p=0,004), dan PFR (p=0,001). Adanya variabel yang berasal dari pemeriksaan analisis gas darah, menjadi penghambat jika tempat pemeriksaan (rumah sakit) tidak mempunyai fasilitas analisis gas darah.

KESIMPULAN : Dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa riwayat penyakit jantung, temperatur, respiratory rate, saturasi oksigen, trombosit, ureum, PO2, fraksi oksigen (FiO2) yang diperlukan, AaDO2, dan PFR merupakan prediktor mortalitas Covid- 19 yang bermakna secara teoritis maupun statistika, secara sendiri-sendiri maupun bersamaan.
Peran Perceived Organizational Support dan Psychological Capital Sebagai Moderator pada Hubungan Antara Job Insecurity dan Turnover Intention
Authors: Harahap Muhammad Armedi Eka Purdini , Salendu Alice
Published: November 2021

Penelitian yang melihat hubungan job insecurity dengan turnover intention hingga saat ini masih menunjukkan hasil yang tidak konsisten sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan kontribusi teoritis dengan melihat peran moderasi faktor eksternal individu yakni perceived organizational support dan faktor internal individu psychological capital pada hubungan job insecurity dan turnover intention dalam satu model moderasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan teori conservation of resource yang merepresentasikan job insecurity sebagai stresor kerja sehingga berdampak pada turnover intention, serta perceived organizational support dan psychological capital sebagai sumber daya yang dibutuhkan dalam menghadapi kondisi tersebut. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 170 orang dari pegawai Bank X yang merupakan perusahaan berbasis agama dengan masa kerja satu tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis moderasi model 2 pada SPSS Hayes PROCESS Macro. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perceived organizational support dan psychological capital secara bersamaan tidak berperan memoderasi hubungan job insecurity dan turnover intention. Hal ini terjadi karena indikasi dari tingkat job insecurity dan turnover intention karyawan Bank X yang rendah, dan secara bersamaan partisipan merasakan perceived organizational support yang baik dan memiliki psychological capital yang tinggi, sehingga tidak memberikan efek moderasi pada kedua hubungan tersebut.
Peran Budaya Organisasi terhadap Hubungan antara Empowering Leadership dengan Komitmen Organisasi
Authors: Fauzan Muhammad Labib , Etikariena Arum
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh variabel empowering leadership terhadap komitmen organisasi pada karyawan dengan menggunakan clan culture sebagai moderator. Hal ini dikarenakan Komitmen dapat menunjukkan niat untuk bertahan dalam suatu tindakan sehingga organisasi sering mencoba untuk menumbuhkan komitmen pada karyawan mereka untuk mencapai stabilitas dan mengurangi biaya yang mahal. Penelitian ini ingin melihat peran gaya kepemimpinan untuk meningkatkan komitmen organisasi karyawan. Secara khusus, variabel yang diukur untuk melihat gaya kepemimpinan adalah empowering leadership. Responden penelitian ini adalah karyawan yang sedang bekerja di perusahaan dan didapatkan 82 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis regresi Hayes model 1. Dan didapatkan hasil p = 0.013 < 0.05. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya korelasi yang signifikan dari empowering leadership terhadap komitmen organisasi. Ditemukan pula bahwa clan culture dapat berperan sebagai moderator yang efektif. Pengaruh yang diberikan dari dua variabel secara bersama-sama memiliki peran sebesar 32%
First-year Academic Performance of Pharmacy Students Based on High School Status and Major
Authors: Soegiantoro Didiek Hardiyanto , Soegiantoro Holy Rhema , Soegiantoro Gregory Hope
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the research is provides a descriptive first-year academic performance of pharmacy students based on high school status and major. This research is a descriptive research with cross-sectional method using all pharmacy students as sample. The results of this research are percentage of pharmacy students from public high schools is 33% and 67% from private high schools. The percentage of specialization majors in high school is 6% pharmacy, 85% science and 9% non-science. The academic performance of students from private high schools is better than that of public high schools. Pharmacy majors in high school produce the highest academic performance, meanwhile, non-science majors show the lowest academic performance, the principal results. Conclusions in this research is first-year academic performance for pharmacy students from private high schools is better than public high schools, as well as pharmacy major in high school showing the highest GPA and non-science major showing the lowest GPA
Efektifitas Teknik Rebozo dalam Lama Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif pada Ibu Bersalin Primigravida di Wilayah Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Bulan Januari s/d Oktober 2020
Authors: Simbolon Ganda Agustina Hartati , Siburian Urhuhe Dena
Published: November 2021

Nyeri saat persalinan merupakan kondisi fisiologis yang secara umum dialami oleh hampir semua ibu bersalin, apabila nyeri persalinan tidak diatasi akan menyebabkan terjadinya partus lama. Teknik rebozo adalah cara nonfarmakologi untuk membantu mengelola rasa sakit selama persalinan. Rebozo adalah kain panjang yg biasa dipakai wanita meksiko untuk berkegiatan sehari-hari (memanggul, menggendong bayi, selimut dll). melilitkan rebozo ke sekeliling panggul dan bokong ibu hamil lalu menggoyangkannya selama kala I berlangsung. Ayunan dari rebozo dianggap mampu membuat sang ibu rileks serta membantu memposisikan bayi ke jalan lahir sehingga dapat mempercepat proses persalinan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian comparative dengan desain eksperimen semu. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas Teknik Rebozo dalam ama persalinan Kala I fase aktif pada ibu primigravida yang berjumlah 14 orang untuk kelompok intervensi dan 14 orang kelompok kontrol. Penelitian dilakukan pada 6 Puskesmas di wilayah Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara dengan teknik pengambilan sampel consecutive sampling dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian diperoleh seluruh responden dalam usia reproduksi (20 – 35 tahun) umumnya pendidikan SMA, Jenis pekerjaan umumnya PNS 57,4% dan Petani (71,4%), semua persalinan didampingi oleh suami. Hasil uji menggunakan uji independent t test nilai α = 0,00 (< 0,05), nilai mean rank kelompok intervensi (7,43) > kelompok kontrol (4.,00) yang menunjukkan ada perbedaan rata-rata lama persalinan kala I fase aktif sehingga teknik rebozo sangat efektif untuk mempercepat lama persalinan kala I fase aktif. Teknik rebozo sangat efektif untuk mengurangi nyeri persalinan dan mempercepat proses persalinan. Bidan diharapkan dapat menerapkan Teknik Rebozo menjadi salah salah bentuk asuhan persalinan kala I untuk mempercepat persalinan
Covid-19 e os desafios para o ensino superior: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Lehmkuhl Karyn , Aparecida Rauen De Luca Canto Cleunisse , Pauletto Patrícia , Curi Hallal Ana Luiza , Cid Bastos Rogerio , Cisneros Odile , Massignan Carla , De Luca Canto Graziela
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Identificar as estratégias e medidas adotadas pelas instituições de ensino superior (IES) a fim de manter as atividades deensino e aprendizagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão de escopo, onde 5 bases de dadosforam consultadas. Foram incluídos estudos que apresentassem medidas preventivas e estratégias para manter as atividadeseducacionais em instituições de ensino superior durante a pandemia do COVID-19. Resultado: Foram incluídos 16 estudos. Asmedidas descritas pela maioria dos estudos foram relacionadas a mudanças no calendário acadêmico, uso de tecnologia, aulasonline e plataformas de telemedicina. Conclusão: O ensino superior, foi profundamente afetado pelo cenário da COVID-19, mastambém contou com alta tecnologia para manter as atividades educacionais e, ao mesmo tempo, equilibrar sua missão de protegeros estudantes e professores.
Reação de Metilação da Lisina Metiltransferase e Silenciamento de Genes no Rastreio do Desenvolvimento do Câncer
Authors: Tavares Amorim Murilo , Ribeiro Cruz Ana Cecília , Fábio Lopes Ferreira Jardel , De Jesus Sizo Oliveira Deborah , Amoêdo de Melo Célio , Carvalho Pinto Caroline , Félix Franco Neto Walter , Moraes Holanda Gustavo
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Investigar os diferentes papeis da metilação da proteína lisina metiltransferase H3K9 no silenciamento de genes, associadosao rastreio do desenvolvimento do câncer. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, a partir da apresentação eda síntese dos estudos selecionados acerca do papel da metilação da proteína lisina metiltransferase H3K9 e silenciamento degenes. As bases de dados utilizadas na triagem de material, foram as plataformas de busca: Nature, Medical Literature Analysisand Retrieval System Online (Medline), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Science Direct. Resultados: Foram identificados32 estudos relacionados ao tema proposto. Após triagem dos registros obtidos pela busca nos bancos de dados, obteve-secomo produto final dos artigos incluídos na revisão, 6 trabalhos que retratavam a proposta do estudo. Conclusão: Apresentou-seuma visão geral atualizada e específica dos efeitos celulares e moleculares subjacentes à atividade de H3K9 no desenvolvimentoe progressão do câncer
Características clínicas e epidemiológicos dos casos de covid-19 em Florianópolis, Brasil
Authors: Andrade Machado Caroline , Pereira Garcia Leandro , Pauletto Patrícia , Rosana Honnef Lia , Barbie do Espírito Santo Taina , De Luca Canto Graziela , Garcia-Larsen Vanessa
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Descrever as características clínicas e epidemiológicas dos casos com confirmação laboratorial de COVID-19 em Florianópolis.Método: Estudo de base populacional com adultos confirmados laboratorialmente com COVID-19 entre a primeira e a20ª semana epidemiológica de 2020. As variáveis estudadas foram: demográficas, sinais e sintomas, exames laboratoriais, comorbidades, hospitalização e mortalidade. Resultado: No período estudado, 567 adultos formam diagnosticados com COVID-19.Destes, 37 (6,5%) foram hospitalizados e sete faleceram (1,2%). A maioria era do sexo masculino (51,5%) com média de idade de45,2 anos. Os sintomas mais comuns foram febre (62,8%) e tosse (62,6%). As comorbidades mais frequentes foram doença cardiovascular crônica (12,9%) e diabetes mellitus (7,1%). Conclusão: No início da pandemia, em Florianópolis, os casos de COVID-19diagnosticados laboratorialmente ocorreram mais frequentemente em homens, idosos, brancos e que apresentavam comorbidadescomo doença cardiovascular crônica e diabetes mellitus.
Debt to Society: The Role of Fines & Fees Reform in Dismantling the Carceral State
Authors: Dozier Wesley , Kiel Daniel
Published: November 2021

Fines and fees that result from contact with the criminal legal system serve as a suffocating debt for those against whom they are assessed. Many states have countless laws that require taxes, fines, and fees to be assessed against individuals involved in the criminal legal system at various stages of the criminal legal process, and they have the effect of permanently trapping individuals within the system. In Tennessee, for example, these debts, which can accumulate to over $10,000 in a single criminal case, stand in the way of individuals getting their criminal records expunged, keeping valid driver’s licenses, and restoring their voting rights, among other things. However, as in many other states, Tennessee’s legislature is decidedly hostile to the poor (particularly when poor people’s issues compete with the perceived financial health of government entities), and the urgency of the problem cannot wait for unwilling lawmakers to realize the change that thousands of people need. Using Tennessee as a case study and drawing on the author’s experiences working within the State’s system, this Article considers ways to effectively advocate for the elimination of court debt as a punishment for poverty. First, it provides an abbreviated history of court debt and explains how that history still impacts individuals today. This Article also draws upon the author’s experiences representing individuals in court, appearing before judges, and collaborating with other stakeholders to show the difficulty of achieving a state-wide movement for reform in Tennessee’s current political climate, a problem not unique to this state. Finally, the Article concludes by discussing how local actors can work within current legal frameworks to protect people from extortionist fine and fee policies and limit the harmful growth of the criminal legal system.
Effect of hot forming on anisotropy of mechanical properties of high-temperature 901 alloy
Authors: Pchel'nikov A.V. , Filyakova V.A. , Sidorov A.A.
Published: November 2021

The effect of the macrostructure drawing after forming of blank made of high-temperature 901 alloy on the anisotropy of mechanical properties is studied. The effect of drawing on anisotropy is considered taking into account the unevenness of plastic deformation during upsetting and taking into account the deformation accumulated during the forging of the rod for the initial blank. The results of upsetting simulation and the test results of the samples mechanical properties cut in different directions of the blank fiber are presented.
Perancangan Alat Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) Monitoring pada Air Boiler berbasis Mikrokontroler di Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Naga Sakti
Authors: Laila Lia
Published: November 2021

Steam is a utility that have an essential function in palm oil production.

Steam is mainly used in steam turbine to move the generator to produce

electricity. Steam also has a lot of other functions such as heating cold

oil in storage tank, heating coil in kernel drying, etc. Steam is produced

in a machine called boiler. Boiler require a treated feed water as an

input. To maintain boiler performance and lifetime, one need to control

the TDS (Total Dissolved Solid) in boiler feed water in a range of 2100 2500 ppm. TDS is a parameter that shows the solid concentration which dissolved in the water. TDS has to be checked every hour to maintain its concentration controlled. In a practical use, TDS monitoring is a simple process but take a lot of time to proceed. Water from the sampling pipe collected in a bottle then cooled until room temperature. TDS from cooled boiler water then measured with a device called TDS meter. To control TDS value in the standard condition, the measurement time need to be reduced. Therefore, a faster method to measure TDS in boiler water is needed. An easier and faster measurement using a system which consisted of sensor, microcontroller, LCD display is one of the idea to reduce unneccessary measuring time. The development and experiment of this TDS monitoring device is situated in Nagasakti Palm Oil Mill, Riau Province, Indonesia.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Penyuluhan Terhadap Peternak Sapi Perah Anggota KUD Puspa Mekar Bandung Barat
Authors: Suseno Gijanto Purbo , Risnawati Nanik , Anita Rossy , Nataliningsih Nataliningsih
Published: November 2021

Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD)  Puspa Mekar menaungi anggota yang terdiri dari para peterrnak sapi perah yang berlokasi di kabupaten Bandung Barat, permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah kualitas susu yang dihasilkan belum memenuhi standar yang diharapakan oleh KPBSU, oleh karena itu perlu diteliti bagaimana pelaksanaan penyuluhan yang dilakukan dalam rangka pembinaan para peternak anggota koperasi tersebut. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif , dengan responden sebanyak 32 responden  diambil secara random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan KUD Puspa Mekar merupakan KUD yang bekerja sama dengan KPSBU sebagai Koperasi Susu terbesar , layanan yang dilakukan KUD Puspa Mekar adalah layanan kepada peternak  sapi perah, layanan Waserda dan layanan Simpan pinjam .Hasil evaluasi pelaksanaan penyuluhan ditinjau dari tanggapan responden terhadap pelaksanaan penyuluhan adalah baik, harapan responden terhadap unsur penyuluhan adalah penting, sehingga proses penyuluhan ini dapat terus dilakukan sebagai wahana pembinaan terhadap para peternak sapi perah yang menjadi anggota KUD Puspa Mekar.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH INTENSITY OF OSCILLATIONS AGRICULTURAL MACHINE-TRACTOR UNITS
Authors: Bulgakov Volodymyr , Kuvachov Volodymyr , Solona Olena , Boris Mykola
Published: November 2021

Smoothness of movement of agricultural units is one of the important operational indicators of their work which is estimated on influence of fluctuations (translational vertical, cross, angular longitudinal, etc.) The article presents the method and results of experimental assessment of the smoothness of the movement of the bridge agricultural unit, which moves in the footsteps of a constant technological track. Studies of the smoothness of the bridge unit showed that the graphs of normalized correlation functions of vertical oscillations of the bridge agricultural tool developed by us in its motion in the wake of a constant technological track is characterized by a function containing along with random components harmonic, which are expressed by attenuating periodic oscillations. The frequency spectrum of oscillations of the agricultural tool core is concentrated in the range from 0 to 20 s–1, which agrees with the frequency range 0…0.3 cm−1 in which the variances of oscillations of the irregularities of the profile of the traces of the technological track are concentrated. The length of the correlation connection is approximately 0.25 s, which is equal to 0.25 m at the speed of the agricultural tool within 1.0 m / s.The obtained result is explained by the fact that the main spectrum of oscillations of the profile irregularities has a periodicity that corresponds to the step of ground engagement of the tires of the wheels of the agricultural tool.

The research confirmed the effectiveness of the method of estimating the intensity of vertical oscillations of an agricultural unit by a measuring and registration complex based on a tablet computer with Android operating system with built-in accelerometer sensors and Accelerometer Meter application.
ABOUT THE ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF THE EQUATION OF IMPACT FORCE OF TWO ELASTIC BODIES
Authors: Olshanskiy Vasyl , Slipchenko Maksym , Solona Olena , Kupchuk Ihor
Published: November 2021

A nonlinear differential equation of the force of direct central impact of elastic bodies of revolution, which have a singular point on the boundary contact surface, where its curvature is infinite, is compiled. To determine the coefficients of the equation and the order of its power nonlinearity, the well-known solution of the axisymmetric contact problem of the theory of elasticity, constructed by I. Ya. Shtaermann, is used. In the formulation of the dynamic problem, the classical assumptions of the theory of quasi-static impact proposed by H. Hertz were also used. The constituted equation of impact force is reduced to the Bernoulli equation and its closed analytical solution is constructed, which is expressed in terms of the Ateb-sine. Analytical time dependences of the impact force and the convergence of the centers of mass of elastic bodies are obtained. Compact formulas have been derived for calculating the maxima of these quantities, as well as the durations of the process of compression and impact of bodies. Compact approximations of Ateb-sine by elementary functions are proposed. Thanks to these approximations, it was possible to obtain a fairly simple analytical sweep in time of a fast-flowing mechanical process. Traditionally, in other works such a scan was obtained by numerical solution of the corresponding integral equations that determine the force of an impact. Examples of calculations are given in which the influence of various factors on the main characteristics of a body impact with a small initial velocity is investigated. The limitation on the collision rate is due to the elastic formulation of the problem, where the possibility of plastic deformations is excluded. As a result of this formulation, the need to determine the rate of recovery rate has disappeared, for it is equal to one. Comparison of numerical results is carried out, to which the obtained analytical solutions and the numerical integration of the impact force equation on a computer lead. Small divergences of the results confirmed the accuracy of the derived calculation formulas. Numerical results relate to the impact of a steel body on a fixed rubber half-space, the analogue of which is observed in practice when falling pieces of mineral raw materials on the rolls of a vibration classifier lined with rubber.
PROMISING PULSE AND VIBRATION SHOCK DEVICE FOR UNLOADING OF TRAILERVEHICLES
Authors: Iskovich-Lototskyy Rostyslav , Veselovska Nataliia , Hnatyuk Olena
Published: November 2021

Due to the growth of bulk cargo transportation by road, it is necessary to increase the level of mechanization and automation of loading and unloading operations. In recent years, various powerful high-performance unloading machines of original designs (car tippers, vibrating platforms, elevators, etc.) have been created to mechanize unloading processes. This makes it possible to speed up unloading, reduce costs and reduce excessive downtime of dump trucks under unloading. However, the use of such machines is cost-effective at unloading points with a turnover of more than 30 dump trucks per day.

Therefore, the problem of creating simple and cheap equipment that ensures efficient unloading of dump trucks with bulk cargo, as well as cleaning of rolling stock from cargo residues, as regardless of the type and composition of cargo, some of them are delayed on the floor, in stamped ribs. pockets of all-metal body walls. The largest amount of cargo remains on the hatch covers, the angle of which is on average 300, while the angle of the actual slope of the cargo reaches 450 and more.

Due to this ratio of angles, even dry material cannot fall out completely through the hatch opening, let alone moistened or viscous bulk cargoes. The amount of bulk cargo residues depends on many factors (type of cargo, its humidity, size of pieces, air temperature, distance of transportation, method of unloading) and can be from 2 to 30% of the total weight of the cargo [1]. The use of useful vibrations allows to solve this problem the most expediently. Therefore, the development of a vibratory shock device for unloading vehicles is a promising and urgent task.
RESEARCH OF TRANSIENT PROCESSES OF PRESSURE CHANGE WHEN OPERATING A HYDRAULIC SYSTEM WITH FOUR CONNECTED HYDRAULIC MOTORS
Authors: Нunko Iryna
Published: November 2021

The publication is devoted to the study of the quality of the hydraulic system with four series-connected hydraulic motors. These hydraulic systems can be used to drive the working bodies of agricultural machines, have significant advantages in their layout, but at the same time and disadvantages, the elimination of which requires a detailed study of the processes occurring during the operation of this type of system. The analysis of the previous works of scientists in this area allows us to conclude that it is possible to conduct theoretical research in this direction. A mathematical model of the proposed hydraulic system has been developed, which takes into account the effect of external load on the shafts of hydraulic motors, the inertia of the system, the effect of leaks from the connections of the elements of the hydraulic system and possible overflows of the working fluid from the high-pressure zone to the low-pressure zone. At this stage, wave processes occurring in the cavities of the hydraulic system were not taken into account. The solution of the resulting system of differential equations was carried out using the Runge-Kutta-Feldberg method with automatic change of the integration step in the mathematical package MathCad. The resulting transient processes were analyzed for the amplitude of pressure surges and the frequency of its change. Carrying out this analysis allows you to obtain comprehensive information about the nature of transient processes in the hydraulic system in order to find such a ratio of design and technological parameters, in which the system under study met the requirements regarding the quality of work as part of a technological machine. During the research, special attention was paid to the processes occurring at the moment of starting the hydraulic system, and the moment of application of the technological load.
Analisa Konten Novel 'Si Anak Spesial' untuk Tahapan Awal Perancangan Ilustrasi
Authors: Marcella Jessica , Laurencia Jessica , Zulkarnain Alfiansyah
Published: November 2021

Makalah ini membahas analisia konten untuk perancangan ilustrasi ‘Si Anak Spesial’ agar dapat menjadi buku novel berilustrasi. Novel ini merupakan sebuah novel yang mampu memberikan pembelajaran baik dengan moral yang telah sesuai dengan perumusan materi pendidikan karakter oleh Kementrian Pendidikan. Latar belakang dan tujuan adanya perancangan ini adalah untuk memudahkan anak-anak dalam memahami pesan serta makna yang ingin disampaikan, juga memaksimalkan manfaat bacaan anak melalui media desain komunikasi visual khususnya ilustrasi karena masih banyak anak yang mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami teks. Melalui perancangan ini akan dibuat ilustrasi yang mampu merepresentasikan alur dan isi cerita secara jelas sebagai satu kesatuan anak-anak akan merasa terbantu dalam pemahaman teks. Untuk mendapatkan ilustrasi yang bisa merepresentasikan isi, maka makalah ini akan membahas proses analisis data terhadap novel ‘Si Anak Spesial’ yang menjadi entitas utama dalam proyek ini. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa dibuatnya perancangan desain ilustrasi untuk novel anak adalah upaya untuk menciptakan buku ilustrasi yang komunikatif dan mampu untuk dipahami oleh anak-anak.
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES OF THE REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF LAND MARKET FORMATION
Authors: Nemish Dmytro , Humeniuk Mariana , Balaniuk Ivan , Shelenko Diana
Published: November 2021

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to reveal the prospects for the development of small agricultural enterprises in view of the transformation processes taking place in the context of land market formation.

Methodology of research. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study were legislative and other regulations, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on issues related to the functioning of the land market and the development of small enterprises in the agricultural sector.

The following general scientific and special methods were used to achieve this goal: abstract and logical method in the formation of theoretical generalizations, assumptions, conclusions; analysis and synthesis in assessing the development of small agricultural entrepreneurship and the functioning of the land market; comparative analysis to compare economic indicators in time and space; graphic method with a visual reflection of the dynamics and structural changes in the distribution of land by ownership.

Findings. The research is devoted to a topical issue concerning the prospects for the development of small agricultural enterprises in the context of land market formation. The article pays special attention to aspects of land reform implementation

The social and economic preconditions of transformation of the structure of the land fund by forms of ownership are considered. The main restraining factors of agricultural land market development are highlighted.

Measures of state support of small agricultural enterprises in the process of land purchase are revealed. The level of efficiency of the land market since its launch is shown. The main positive aspects and problems related to the formation of the land market are presented. The foreign experience of the influence of the land market functioning on the development of small agricultural enterprises is studied.

Originality. The substantiation of the dependence of the development of small agrarian entrepreneurship on the level of development of the land market is deepened.

Practical value. The implementation of the developed proposals will allow to intensify the development of small agricultural enterprises in the conditions of the land market functioning. It is established that with the support of the state, small agricultural enterprises will receive obvious advantages of development.

Key words: small agrarian enterprise, land market, land, land relations, region, land reform.
THEORETICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE DEFINITION OF CRYPTOCURRENCY AS MONEY
Authors: Honak Ihor
Published: November 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is elaboration of theoretical and practical aspects of definition and functioning of cryptocurrencies as money.

Methodology of research. The following methods were used in the study: statistical analysis and comparison – in the study of problematic aspects of the definition of cryptocurrency as a kind of money; logical assessment – in substantiating the principles of determining cryptocurrency as a kind of money; generalization – in the process of formulating conclusions based on the results of the analysis.

Findings. It is established that money is a financial asset with high liquidity, which can be quickly converted into paper money or coins, serve as an intermediary in money circulation (i.e. play the role of equivalent in exchange) and can be used for savings and therefore anything that can function as money, are money (including cryptocurrency coins).

It is substantiated that cryptocurrency coins, as a type of money, perform the following functions: there is a potential to perform the function of a measure of value after reducing the significant volatility of the value of cryptocurrencies; partly as a medium of exchange due to high volatility, regulatory resistance and low prevalence, but prevalence will increase as traditional payment systems begin to integrate cryptocurrencies, cryptocurrencies have high convenience and inclusiveness, have the potential to reduce transaction costs, increase settlement speeds, develop cryptocurrency markets and increasing their prevalence; due to opposition from ESG investors and regulators, low confidence from a significant number of citizens (especially over the age of forty) and a significant speculative component of cryptocurrency coins, only partially serve as a means of accumulation, however, the demand for cryptocurrencies from investors is constantly growing.

Originality. The definition of cryptocurrency (cryptocurrency coin, cryptocoin) as a new digital type of money, which can measure the value of goods, services and other currencies, used for circulation, savings and investment, protected by cryptographic code with the inability to counterfeit or copy, and issue which everyone has the opportunity with the Internet and the necessary equipment with complete anonymity of the issuer (miner).

Practical value. The main results of the conducted study will create favourable conditions for a better understanding of cryptocurrency as a new type of money, which will allow them to be more widely used in the economic activities of businesses and countries.

Key words: money, cryptocurrency, cryptocoin, cryptocurrency coin, mining, cryptocurrency functions, Ethereum, Monero, monetary aggregate.
SHADOW ECONOMY AS A THREAT TO UKRAINIAN ECONOMY'S SECURITY: METHODS OF MEASUREMENT AND SCALE ASSESSMENT
Authors: Shepel Tetiana , Kostovyat Hanna
Published: November 2021

Purpose. The aim of the article is research of the essence of the shadow economy and assessment of the scale of the threat of shadowing the economy to the state's economic security.

Methodology of research. The study uses methods of scientific generalization to clarify the content of the shadow economy, its features; logical methods made it possible in the conditions of incomplete initial information to determine the current state of national economic security and the dynamics of the shadow economy; the method of comparative analysis allowed us to assess the dynamics of the shadow economy.

Findings. Five methods have been used to measure the impact of the shadow economy on economic security, based on a comparison of financial performance, service delivery, energy consumption, and economic financing.

Based on four methods, the integrated indicator of the shadow economy was determined, which in 2020 amounted to 30%, which confirms the threatening impact of the shadow economy on the state's economic security. The direct relationship between the shadow economy and the integrated indicator of economic security is considered. The negative impact of the shadow economy on the state's economic security has been confirmed through the use of statistical methods. It is established that with the increase of the shadow economy, financial security weakens. It is concluded that at the state level, it is necessary to solve the most serious problems affecting the level of economic security of the state and not to formally fight against small entrepreneurs who provide self-employment and support the economy during the crisis.

Originality. The study provides an economic and mathematical justification for the possibility of positioning the shadow economy as an integral indicator of the economic security of the state. It was proved for the first time that there is a close interrelation between the integrated indicator of the shadow economy and the integrated indicator of economic security of the state, which allows determining the formula for the level of economic security depending on the level of shadow economy with high probability (91%).

Practical value. The study results allow statistical and analytical institutions to assess the state's economic security in accordance with the level of the shadow economy, reflecting the results of the analysis in the reports on the results of public authorities and the economy.

Key words: shadow economy; economic security; economic freedom; level of the shadow economy; estimation methods.
Tamarillo Juice (Solanum betaceum Cav) as An Alternative to Increase Hemoglobin Levels for Pregnant Women with Anemia
Authors: Simbolon Juana Linda , Sitompul Emilia Silvana
Published: November 2021

Introduction: World Health Organizations recommends pregnant women to consume 120-240 mg of iron (in the form of Ferrum) per day and increase the dose by 400 mg 3 times a day if the Anemia is severe. One of the herbal therapies that can increase hemoglobin levels is Tamarillo (Solanum Betacum Cav) with a vitamin C level of 25 mg, Fe 2,765 ppm. The research objective was to analyze the effect of Tamarillo juice consumption in increasing hemoglobin (HB) levels of pregnant women with Anemia.

Methods: Quasi-experimental research with pre and post-test along with control group design was used to compare the HB levels of ≥ 32 weeks pregnant women who were given Tamarillo fruit juice. Subjects in this study were 34 pregnant women as the treatment group who received Tamarillo juice and blood supplement and the control group of pregnant women who only receive blood supplements.

Results: The results of the T-test analysis showed that in the treatment group there was an increase in the average hemoglobin level of 0.91 g/dL in the first week and 1.75 g/dL in the second week, while in the control group there was an increase in the average hemoglobin level of 0.43 g/dL in the first week and an increase of 0.89 g/dL in the second week.

Conclusion: The administration of Tamarillo juice as an alternative companion to blood supplement in the prevention and management of care for pregnant women with Anemia.
Penguatan Kesadaran Bela Negara Pada Remaja Milenial Menuju Indonesia Emas
Authors: Rahayu Siti Khairina
Published: November 2021

Defending the state is not only the obligation of the TNI and Polri but the responsibility of all people, especially the millennial generation. As the nation's next generation, millennial youth have a great responsibility to determine the nation's future. State defense is an attitude and behavior that must be possessed by millennial youth to ensure the survival of the nation and state. Awareness and inculcation of the values ​​of defending the country are considered the best preventive concepts to fortify millennial youth to always have a sense of love, pride and loyalty to NKRI in the midst of today's developments. The purpose of this study includes how to strengthen awareness of defending the country in the millennial generation. This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The results of this study are that it is necessary to inculcate the values ​​of defending the state for millennial youth through formal and informal school facilities, lectures or examples by involving religious leaders or fighters, state defense training, seminars and FGDs, communication and information media/social media/internet media. by using struggle films, short videos, national songs, educational programs. In addition, awareness of defending the country can be raised by building national insight.
signo transformador de Michele Taruffo en la cultura (también procesal)
Authors: Dondi Angelo
Published: November 2021

El ensayo trata de la influencia de Michele Taruffo en la cultura jurídica, esto en relación con las características de su formación erudita y sobre todo de su personalidad humana. Gran intelectual polifacético, Taruffo sentía sobre todo curiosidad por todas las elaboraciones culturales avanzadas que tenían un carácter un tanto filosófico. De ahí una complejidad de intereses que se refleja bellamente en muchas de sus obras eruditas.
proporcionalidad procesal como instrumento relevante de la justicia civil
Authors: Pereira Campos Santiago
Published: November 2021

El principio de proporcionalidad procesal ha tenido desarrollo en países como Canadá, Reino Unido, Australia y Nueva Zelanda. Sin embargo, no ha sido objeto de mayores estudios o regulaciones en América Latina. Su consagración, adaptación y aplicación en los sistemas latinoamericanos, será de gran utilidad para fortalecer la Justicia Civil. Analizamos la idea de proporcionalidad, el marco conceptual del principio, sus fortalezas y debilidades y las aplicaciones prácticas, especialmente en Canadá, generando insumos para el análisis de su aplicación en Latinoamérica.
análisis de las garantías procesales en el arbitraje desde una perspectiva nacional y europea a raíz de la STC, 17/2021 de 15 de febrero
Authors: Schumann Barragán Guillermo
Published: November 2021

El trabajo analiza la naturaleza de los derechos y garantías procesales en el arbitraje desde una dimensión nacional y europea a raíz del comentario a la STC 17/2021, de 15 de febrero. En concreto, examina desde la perspectiva del art. 24 CE, del art. 47 CDFUE y del art. 6 CEDH la relación que existe entre el anclaje institucional del arbitraje y los derechos y garantías procesales que en él operan.
Application of law vs «improvement of legislation» (some considerations on current legal practice)
Authors: Drishliuk Andriy , Orzikh Yurii
Published: November 2021

Relevant problems of the practice of application of law and permanent process of improvement of the Ukrainian legislation are examined in this article.

In particular authors stress on contradiction between process of the permanent improvement of the legislation and sustainability, predictability and legal certainty as principles of legal system. On the one hand, constant reforming of the legislation of Ukraine does not give possibility for subjects of law to create stable legal relations, which are regulated in a predictable way.

On the other hand, legislation of Ukraine must be actual and even few “step ahead” the actual situation in Ukraine. It must give necessary methods, tools and legal instruments, which regulate relations between subjects of law.

Described judicial and notarial practical cases show in what way flexibility of the legislation could be provided in conditions of the ongoing changes.

Authors consider that qualified and high-quality application of the current legislation by the subjects of application of law gives possibility to provide flexibility of the legislation.

Such application of law is done by subjects applying the law, although their actions are not directly provided for by the legislation, but they are not prohibited either.

Essential principle of such application of law must be the whole tendency to create those legal consequences of the application of law which will not lead to the direct infringement of somebodies rights and interests within the process of application of law.

Illustrated lawsuit and case of notarial practice show how exactly interpretative mechanism and analogy as a tool of the subject applying the law help to avoid infringements of rights and interests of heirs of the deceased person.

Keywords: application of law, improvement of the legislation, notary, judge, court and notarial practice.
Design and Synthesis of Planar Chiral Bisphosphine Ligands Based on Diphenyl [2.2]-Paracyclophane
Authors: Huang Shaoying , Jin Jiaping , Lin Xufeng
Published: November 2021

Planar chiral bisphosphine ligands based on diphenyl [2.2]paracyclophane (PhPhanePHOS)  were successfully synthesized in a practical manner in four steps from commercially available 4,12-bisbromo-[2.2]paracyclophane as a new family of bisphosphine ligands. The novel PhPhanePHOS ligands provide high catalytic activity in Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylalkylation reactions in preliminary experiments.