bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ACADEMIC PROGRAMM ON NATIONAL ECONOMY (PROJECT)
Authors: Альпидовская М.Л. , Шманев С.В. , Щербаков В.Н. , Донцова О.И. , Соколов Д.П.
Published: September 2023

Вниманию читателя представлен проект рабочей программы дисциплины «Национальная экономика», разработанной преподавателями Департамента экономической теории Финансового университета. Её целью является: формирование целостного представления о функционировании национального хозяйства, его структуры, основных экономических субъектах и экономических отношениях, возникающих между ними в рамках воспроизводственного процесса; освоение комплекса знаний о многогранном опыте хозяйственной деятельности в России на разных этапах социально-экономического развития; изучение исторического опыта важнейших экономических реформ, обусловленных национальными особенностями.

The research presents a draft work program on “National Economy”, developed by teachers of the Department of Economic Theory of the Financial University, the purpose of which is to form a holistic view of the functioning of the national economy, its structure, the main economic entities, and economic relations arising between them in the framework of the reproductive process, the development of a complex of knowledge about the multifaceted experience of economic activity in Russia at different stages of socio-economic development, the study of the historical experience of the most important economic reforms caused by national characteristics.
Osseointegration effects of whey protein (histological and histomorphological observations): An experimental study on rabbits
Authors: Kamil Nawar B , AL-Ghaban Nada M H , Aamery Amaar
Published: September 2023

Background: Whey protein is the green-yellow colored, liquid portion of the milk, and it is also called the cheese serum, it is obtained after the separation of curd, during the coagulation of the milk. It contains a considerable amount of α-helix pattern with an evenly distributed hydrophobic and hydrophilic as well as basic and acidic amino acids along with their polypeptide chain. The major whey protein constituents include β-lactoglobulin (β-LG),α-lactalbumin (α-LA), immunoglobulins (IG), bovine serum albumin (BSA), bovine lactoperoxidase (LP), bovine lactoferrin (BLF) and minor amounts of a glycol macro peptide (GMP). Osseointegration can be defined as a process that is immune driven which leads to the formation of the new bone surrounding the surface of the implant rather than a pure response of the bone. Titanium can activate a balance recognized to be tolerogenic with a peri-implant tissue leading to a "foreign body equilibrium (FBE)" response. Materials and methods: Twelve adult male white New Zealand healthy rabbits were used in this study, the animals were divided into two groups according to the time of scarification as follows; 2 and 6 weeks after the implantation (6 rabbits will be sacrificed for each group). Results: Statistical analysis showed that there is a highly significant difference in all parameters between the experimental group and control group at 2 weeks and 6 weeks periods. Histological results at 2 weeks period showed thread formation in whey protein and control group, distribution of osteocyte cells and osteoblast was higher in whey protein, and the bone trabecular area was also larger in whey protein groups but at 6 weeks showed mature bone in whey protein groups while in control group still woven bone. Conclusions:  Whey protein is an effective in osseointegration because it enhances bone formation.
Doświadczanie i przewidywanie kryzysu przez polskie gospodarstwa domowe w pierwszych miesiącach pandemii COVID-19
Authors: Olcoń-Kubicka Marta , Kubicki Paweł , Posłuszny Łukasz , Felczak Joanna
Published: September 2023

Celem tekstu jest prezentacja podejść gospodarstw domowych do przeżywanego lub przewidywanego kryzysu związanego z wybuchem pandemii COVID-19. Nasze analizy opierają się na dziennikach i pamiętnikach uzyskanych w I edycji konkursu pamiętnikarskiego „Życie codzienne w czasach koronawirusa” zorganizowanego w pierwszych miesiącach pandemii (marzec- -lipiec 2020). Analiza materiałów, pisanych przez osoby w bardzo odmiennych sytuacjach życiowych i ekonomicznych, ujawniła, że zasoby gospodarstwa domowego wpływały na dotkliwość i postrzeganie kosztów pandemii. W artykule tym pokazujemy, jak nierównomierny wpływ pandemii przejawia się w procesach trajektoryjnych, oczekiwaniach i wyobrażeniach przyszłości oraz postawach wobec „zbierających się czarnych chmur” zwiastujących kryzys. Argumentujemy, że efekty niepewności wywołanej pandemią będą miały wpływ na przyszłe działania niektórych gospodarstw domowych, a sam uświadomiony potencjał trajektoryjny, nawet bez przekształcenia się w trajektorię porażki czy rzeczywistą walkę o utrzymanie sytuacji finansowej gospodarstwa na dotychczasowym poziomie, może powodować utratę poczucia bezpieczeństwa.
Esperientzia gogor goiztiarrak bizi izan dituzten haurren eskolaratze-prozesuak. Ikastetxe baten kasu-azterketa
Authors: Leiva Arroniz Enola , Lasarte Leonet Gema , Fernandez Lasarte Oihane , Galarraga Arrizabalaga Haizea
Published: September 2023

Ikasle bakoitzak bere ikaskuntza-prozesuan eragina izan duten bizipen eta egoerak bizi izan ditu eta horietako batzuek haurtzaroko adbertsitatean edo ezbeharrean dute jatorria. Egoera horiek definitzen dituen adiera zientifikoa ACE kontzeptua dugu, euskaraz «haurtzaroko esperientzia gogor goiztiarrak» izenez ezagutzen dena. Esperientzia goiztiar horiek familia barruko arazoei, abusuei eta zabarkeriei egiten diete erreferentzia eta eragin zuzena dute ikasleen garapen integralean. Lan honetan, aipatutako ACE kontzeptua eta errealitatea erdigunera ekarri eta kasuazterketa bat garatu da eskola bat lagintzat harturik, eta bertako irakasle, ikasle, aholkulari eta gaian aditua den profesional bat ikertu ditugu. Ikerketa kuantitatiboa eta kualitatiboa konbinatu dira; batetik, irakasleei galdetegi bat pasa zaie; bestetik, ikasleak behatu dira eta, amaitzeko, ikastetxeko aholkularia nahiz aditua elkarrizketatu dira aztertutakoaren inguruan. Ondorio nagusia da irakasleek, oro har, ACE kontzeptua ez dutela ezagutzen eta ez dakitela halakoetan nola esku-hartu, nahiz eta, maiz, haurtzaroan zoritxarra bizi izan duten haurrekin gelan topo egin.
Kazanç Yönetimi İle Entelektüel Sermaye Arasındaki İlişki / The Relationship Between Intellectual Capital and Earnings Management
Authors: KURT Yusuf
Published: September 2023

Çalışmada Borsa İstanbul (BIST)’te işlem gören sigorta işletmelerinin kazanç yönetimi ile entelektüel sermaye arasındaki ilişki ele alınmıştır. Araştırmada 2014Q2 ve 2022Q2 yıllarına ilişkin veriler kullanılmıştır. Entelektüel sermayenin ölçümünde “entelektüel katma değer katsayısı” formülasyonu kullanılmıştır. Kazanç yönetiminin ölçümünde ise “Healy Modeli” tercih edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre analize dahil edilen sigorta şirketlerinin kazanç yönetimleri ile entelektüel sermaye bileşenlerinden olan kullanılan sermaye etkinliği katsayısı ile insan sermayesi etkinliği katsayısı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Fakat kazanç yönetimi ile yapısal sermaye etkinliği katsayısı arasında negatif ve %1 düzeyinde anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ulaşılan bu sonuç sistem gelişimini tamamlayan işletme yöneticilerinin finansal tablolar üzerinde makyajlama yapma ihtiyacını azaltacağını göstermektedir.
Immunostimulatory activity of avocado oil in mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Jusuf Elena Adjani , Mustika Aulia Andi , Andriyanto Andriyanto
Published: September 2023

Avocado fruit contains bioactive compounds that have the potential to act as an immunomodulator. This study aims to identify the ability of avocado oil as an immunomodulator based on the macrophage phagocytic activity and index of mice injected with nonpathogenic Staphylococcus aureus and to determine the most effective dose as an immunomodulator. This study used 30 male Deutschland Denken Yoken (DDY) mice, which were divided into five groups: placebo as negative control (mineral water), positive control (commercial immunomodulator containing Echinacea purpurea extract), and avocado oil 1 g/kg BW, 3 g/kg BW, and 5 g/kg BW. The treatment was carried out orally once a day for 14 days. Mice were induced by nonpathogenic Staphylococcus aureus on day 15 intraperitoneally, and after one hour, mice were euthanized to collect the peritoneal fluid. Peritoneal fluid smear preparations were made before active macrophages and phagocytosed Staphylococcus aureus were observed under a microscope. Phagocytic activity and phagocytic index were calculated.  Avocado oil 5 g/kg BW showed the highest phagocytic activity and phagocytic index results with values of 71.00% ± 5.40% and 2.79 ± 0.14, respectively. Avocado oil enhances non-specific immune responses through macrophagephagocytic activity and index, demonstrating its immunostimulatory potential.
Revitalisasi Kota Tua Cimanuk Lama dengan Historic Urban Landscape
Authors:   Universitas Islam Bandung, Pradifta Fachmy Sugih , Darwin Ira Safitri , Djoeffan Sri Hidayati , Widagdo Rama Arianto
Published: September 2023

Buku yang berjudul “Revitalisasi Kota Tua Cimanuk Lama dengan Historic Urban Landscape” ini merupakan hasil penelitian dari Kelompok Keahlian Perencanaan dan Perancangan Kota, Program Studi Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota (PWK), Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Islam Bandung (UNISBA) di Kota Tua Cimanuk Lama, Kab. Indramayu, Jawa Barat yang disajikan dalam bentuk buku referensi. Substansi buku ini mencakup identifikasi lanskap budaya di Kota Tua Cimanuk Lama dan usulan-usulan upaya pelestariannya dengan menggunakan pendekatan Historic Urban Landscape (HUL). Penelitian yang menjadi dasar bagi penyusunan buku ini dilakukan sebagai perwujudan dari kekhasan nuansa akademik PWK Unisba yaitu Smart-Local-Islam.
A PERSPECTIVA BIOLÓGICA DAS EMOÇÕES E SENTIMENTOS NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO E DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors:   , TANAKA BRUNA KAORI FEITOSA
Published: September 2023

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa exploratória bibliográfica sobre a importância das emoções e sentimentos no ensino, considerando-os como estudos pertinentes à formação dos professores. O estudo tem como objetivo analisar e refletir sobre as contribuições da Biologia na construção das emoções e dos sentimentos em relação ao processo de ensino e de aprendizagem. A metodologia consiste em uma pesquisa exploratória bibliográfica em estudos de teóricos, como Humberto Maturana, Robert Sapolsky, entre outros pensadores que elaboraram trabalhos pertinentes ao assunto. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam a necessidade de uma formação docente voltada para a compreensão das emoções dos sentimentos dos alunos e dos próprios docentes como elementos que fazem parte do ensino e da aprendizagem, onde as emoções são expressões afetivas acompanhadas de reações intensas e breves do organismo, e dos sentimentos que são mais duradouros, menos “explosivos”. Com isso esté estudo tende a concluir que as reflexões apresentadas são sempre um convite para que possamos nos questionar sobre o processo de formação do professor visando os sentimentos e emoções, ou seja, é uma forma de nos inquietar sobre a forma como estamos sendo preparados para lidar com os sentimentos e emoções tanto dos alunos quanto dos próprios docentes e também como estamos ensinando como parte de um processo de formação do humano.
O desenvolvimento da cadeia industrial aeronáutica sob o enfoque da competitividade
Authors:   , Santos Ricardo Henrique Correia dos
Published: September 2023

O crescimento da participação nacional no mercado aeronáutico mundial é uma
possibilidade que anuncia potenciais e significativos retornos para a sociedade,
como a negociação de vultosos contratos, empregos de melhor remuneração
financeira e desenvolvimento de produtos nacionais de alto valor agregado. Assim, o
objetivo deste trabalho é identificar a participação do Estado Brasileiro na promoção
da competitividade da indústria aeronáutica nacional em relação aos seus
concorrentes no mercado global. Para isso, foram verificadas as condições de
origem e desenvolvimento dessa indústria, bem como sua importância como
desenvolvedora de tecnologias da fronteira do conhecimento. Em complemento, foi
caracterizado o ambiente de negócios nacional e como esse tem contribuído para a
competitividade do setor, utilizando-se como referência o Global Competitiveness
Report, do World Economic Forum (SCHWAB; SALA-I-MARTIN, 2016), e o ranking
de competitividade para a indústria aeroespacial, da PricewaterhouseCoopers
(2017b). Para ilustrar esses resultados, foram comparadas 21 variáveis
macroeconômicas dos EUA, Canadá e Brasil, obtidas pelos indicadores de
desenvolvimento do World Bank (2018). Em seguida, foi medida a competitividade
da indústria aeronáutica brasileira em comparação com os demais países,
utilizando-se a pauta de exportação do produto aeronáutico mundial (ITC, 2018),
bem como os resultados da empresa Embraer (2018). Em adição foi investigado
como a Embraer tem se preparado para enfrentar essa competição com o
lançamento de seu novo cargueiro, o KC-390, utilizando-se para isso o modelo
proposto por Michael Porter (1989a), conhecido por Diamante de Porter. Por último,
foi apresentada a importância que esse setor passou a representar para a economia
brasileira, por meio da comparação de seus valores com os demais produtos da
pauta de exportações do País, conforme dados colhidos no MDIC em 2016, e como
esse tem se organizado para apoiá-lo (GOMES; BARCELOS; FONSECA, 2017). O
resultado de todas essas análises permitiu identificar a posição do Brasil na cadeia
produtiva global como produtor de aviões e exportador de produtos aeoroespaciais,
bem como os condicionantes estatais para a competitividade dessa indústria frente
aos seus concorrentes globais, ao mesmo tempo que traz provocações sobre as
possíveis consequências relativas ao interesse americano em adquirir a maior
fabricante nacional do setor, a empresa Embraer.
Tradição e Modernidade: transições democráticas, metamorfoses da cidadania
Authors: Valente Isabel Maria Freitas , Furlin Marcelo , Nascimento Eliane Cristina da Silva , Dugnani Patricio , Santos Rafael Fonseca , Macedo Roberto Gondo , Alexim Alexândria dos Santos , Lopes Leonardo da Silva , Torres Sandra Aparecida Silvestre de Frias , Silva George Barbosa da , Dah-sekou Virgine Gautier N , Grillo Sabrina , Garcia Paola , Prado Maria Emilia , Szilágyi István , Macías Ernesto M. Díaz , Hollard Anais , Perdomo Andrea Otero , Antequera Alejandro Román , Alloza Mario Rosano , Torres Alberto Martín
Published: September 2023

"Tradição e Modernidade: transições democráticas, metamorfoses da cidadania" é o tema que dá o mote ao número 18 da coleção Euro-Atlântico: Espaço de Diálogos. Trata-se de uma obra que reúne uma série de textos de investigadores de formação diversa e de várias instituições nacionais e estrangeiras. Estas reflexões inserem-se no tema nodal do Projeto sobre Intelectuais e Poder no Mundo Ibero-Americano, que, desde 2004, tem reunido, com regularidade, investigadores em colóquios realizados em Portugal, Brasil, Espanha e França.
Nesta obra procura-se abordar a interseção entre a evolução política, social e cultural em sociedades que passaram por processos de transição democrática e de que forma a educação pode promover essa transição e democratização.
A presente publicação tenta identificar na análise, na linguagem, nos conceitos, nas relações culturais, nos projetos, nas personagens, traços constantes que vinculam ideias, práticas, representações, expressões individuais e coletivas, atuantes de modos de pensar, de ser, de dizer, de analisar a contemporaneidade. O tema da transição democrática é, neste livro, uma constante.
De crisis en crisis: Podemos, desde la articulación populista del discurso hasta la cruzada contra la posverdad (2014-2020)
Authors: Hollard Anais
Published: September 2023

Este artículo presenta una breve retrospectiva de los primeros meses en los que Podemos irrumpió como fuerza esencial del panorama político español, en 2014, cuando se desplegaba un método discursivo que debía llevar al partido a ganar las elecciones generales en 2015. Se propone también una comparación con la campaña para las elecciones en 2019, centrada en la denuncia del poder mediático, hasta la consecución del primer gobierno de coalición desde la Transición, en un contexto mucho menos favorable. Cuestionamos, para terminar, el alcance de la última estrategia discursiva de Podemos, que cabe considerar como una “cruzada contra la posverdad”.
Universidad y Dictadura. Una puesta en perspectiva de los casos de España, Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Uruguay
Authors: Perdomo Andrea Otero
Published: September 2023

Este artículo propone una puesta en perspectiva de la intervención de las universidades durante las últimas dictaduras del Cono Sur latinoamericano -Argentina, Chile, Uruguay-, de Brasil, y de España. En él se identifican y analizan un conjunto de elementos comunes de estas trayectorias universitarias en lo respectivo a los objetivos iniciales de cada intervención, sus modos de implementación y sus efectos a corto, mediano y largo plazo. A través del estudio de historiografía reciente sobre la experiencia universitaria de los regímenes dictatoriales, la intervención se plantea como una táctica de control político y cultural inherente a este tipo de gobiernos.
De la divergencia a la convergencia: el Movimiento Ecologista Andaluz desde el Franquismo a la Democracia
Authors: Antequera Alejandro Román
Published: September 2023

Los orígenes de la inquietud ambiental que desembocó en el movimiento ecologista en Andalucía se encuentran durante los años cincuenta en los intentos por conservar Doñana, al mismo tiempo que se introducía la cuestión nuclear en España, a raíz de los acuerdos con Estados Unidos. Este trabajo plantea cómo en los años setenta y, especialmente, en la década de los ochenta, estos dos aspectos jugaron un rol clave en la creación de redes y, posteriormente, de una convergencia entre diferentes asociaciones, conservacionistas o con una mayor preocupación social, así como con otros movimientos, como el pacifismo y el jornalerismo.
Biopirataria – Diálogos Diplomáticos entre os países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento no tocante a Convenção sobre Biodiversidade e o Acordo TRIPS
Authors: Alexim Alexândria dos Santos , Lopes Leonardo da Silva
Published: September 2023

O artigo irá analisar o desenvolvimento do conceito da biopirataria, demonstrando como a prática de tal atividade ilegal, gera problemas com relação à exploração dos recursos da biodiversidade dos países detentores dos recursos genéticos, onde os mesmos são pesquisados e patenteados pelas empresas produtoras de farmácos, alimentos, cosméticos dos países do eixo Norte. Cabe destacar, que tais empresas, em casos de biopirataira, não são obrigadas a pagar royalties aos países ou comunidades tradicionais detentoras da biodiversidade e dos conhecimentos tradicionais. Além disso, também faremos uma análise dos casos mais emblemáticos de biopirataria e quais os conflitos entre os países dos Norte e Sul com relação aos acordos sobre o uso da biodiversidade e as patentes dos recursos genéticos.
Mar de Timor: Processo histórico que resultou na mediação de Timor Leste com a Austrália
Authors: Torres Sandra Aparecida Silvestre de Frias , Silva George Barbosa da
Published: September 2023

Este artigo analisa a mediação conduzida pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) na negociação do Acordo de Timor-Leste (TL) com a Austrália relativamente à exploração dos recursos marítimos no Mar de Timor. A pesquisa feita centra no pressuposto de que, em que pese o princípio da igualdade soberana dos Estados ser um dos pilares do sistema internacional, a pequena nação timorense enfrentou desvantagens significativas frente à Austrália devido às assimetrias de poder econômico e militar entre aqueles dois países. Neste contexto, o artigo explora como a mediação internacional pode ajudar a mitigar essas assimetrias, ainda que nem sempre este processo resulte em um acordo justo.
Healthcare Bioethics: A Vital Branch of Bioethics and a New Possible Pillar for Modern Healthcare Systems Strengthening Worldwide
Authors: Janvier Nzayikorera
Published: September 2023

Globally, all people deserve the highest level of respect for their dignity, rights, and health. Bioethics has been recognized as a powerful discipline that aims to ensure such respect. Fritz Jar (1895–1953) and Van Rensselar Potter (1911–2001) will remain heroic men who ushered in the existence of the discipline of bioethics. Bioethics has been recognized as the science of survival and a bridge to the future. Thus, bioethics aims to enrich people’s wisdom. Wisdom is the knowledge of how to use knowledge for human survival and improvement in the quality of life. Worldwide, all people must widely possess such knowledge. Unfortunately, after many years of existence, implementing the principles and goals of bioethics remains centralized and confined to academic fields. Due to its centralized status, few branches of bioethics have been recognized. Besides, both pre-standard and standard practices still exist in the field of bioethics. Healthcare bioethical principles have been mentioned in numerous publications. However, healthcare bioethics has not been recognized as a vital branch of bioethics. The lack of well-established healthcare bioethics hinders strategies for eradicating many of the ephemeral and heuristic approaches that are still obstructing the achievement of optimum health status for numerous people worldwide. Integrating bioethical principles in all healthcare sectors in decentralized manners would lead to the existence of healthcare bioethics. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe healthcare bioethics as a vital branch of bioethics with respect to its description, branches, core principles, functions, system components, and pre-standard and standard practices of healthcare bioethics.
Hitler, Antisemitism, and the Final Solution
Authors: Browning Christopher R.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This article argues that antisemitism and an understanding of history as race struggle were central to Hitler’s ideological outlook and had crystalized into a relatively stable Weltanschauung by the late 1920s. However, the transformation of Hitler’s ideas into regime policies was not a simple process, and the Final Solution—while consistent with Hitler’s ideology—was not a pre-ordained outcome. The Final Solution emerged out of a complex and incremental decision-making process shaped by the failure of earlier policies of expulsion and decimation, the changing military context, and a polycratic political system centered on “working toward the Führer.”
A Case Study of University Students’ Performance in Arabic and Islamic Culture Courses Before and During the Pandemic (Face-to-Face and Online Instruction)
Authors: Pilotti Maura A. E. , Mulhem Huda Al , Kuhayli Halah Al , Alaoui Khadija El
Published: September 2023

Abstract: In the present study, we examined whether students’ academic success in courses devoted to Arabic and Islamic culture changed when the familiar face-to-face delivery format (before the Covid-19 pandemic) was discarded in favor of an online synchronous delivery format (during the pandemic). The final class grades of students enrolled in one of four courses in a sequence devoted to Arabic culture and religion were compared while holding constant the variable instructor. The ability of early performance indicators to predict final class grades was also examined to assess whether there were differences between instructional deliveries. Superior performance and lower failure rates were observed online for courses at the beginning of the sequence, but not at the end of the sequence. These findings suggest that the impact of instructional delivery might vary depending on the students’ accumulated academic experience.
Spreading Through the Streets: The COVID-19 Street Art Database
Authors: Lawrence David Todd , Shirey Heather
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The COVID-19 Street Art Database is a crowdsourced collection of more than five hundred individual records containing images of street art, including stickers, tags, light projections, murals—all manner of artistic expression in the streets, in public space, written on or affixed to the built environment. This is more than an archive of visual expression; it is an archive of vernacular communicative acts, communication in process, expressing the concerns and emotions of cultural groups—especially as expressed by those who do not see themselves as part of the power structure. An exploration of this collection of images reveals that street art can address the fears and confusion surrounding all that accompanies a pandemic like COVID-19. Like verbal vernacular narrative forms, we argue that street art can make external our cultural responses to the experience of crisis. It can connect people to each other during extended periods of isolation such as quarantine, offer alternative narratives regarding relations of power and previously existing conditions of oppression and exploitation, comment on the nature of public space, and indeed multiply the impact of all these messages as well as pertinent advice and direction about safety and health—especially in a moment when in-person contact around the world has been curtailed.
"THE IMPORTANCE OF MANDE TEXTILES IN THE AFRICAN SIDE OF THE ATLANTIC TRADE, CA. 1680-1710"
Authors: Kriger Colleen
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Production and trade of cotton textiles in West Africa go back at least a millennium, creating a 'cotton culture' that spawned centers producing cottons for export. This article focuses on a number of such centers that were located in the hinterlands of Senegambia and the Southern Rivers regions of the Upper Guinea Coast in the seventeenth century. Speakers of Mande languages were among the producers and traders of these textiles, which Europeans recognized as items that were essential in the coastal and trans-Atlantic trade. Archival sources documenting this trade reveal some of the names of the trade cloths, their prices, and their vital role as commodity currencies that paid for goods and services. Locally made cotton textiles were for the most part relatively lower in price than overseas imports and thus were able to successfully compete with them in the marketplace. En Afrique de l'Ouest, la production et le commerce des tissus de cotton remonteaumoins à un millénaire. En résultent une Œculture du coton qui voit le développement de centres de production pour l'exportation. Cet article traite de certains de ces centres situés dans l'arrière-pays de la Sénégambie et desRivières du Sud au XVIIème siècle. Des locuteurs de langue mande font partie desproducteurs et commerçants de ces textiles, considérés par les Européens commedes produits importants du commerce côtier et atlantique. Des sources d'archives mentionnent certaines informations: les noms de certaines pièces, leurs prix, et le rôle fondamental joué comme moyen de paiment pour les biens et les services. Produits localement, les textiles de coton étaient moins chers que les importations et pouvaient doncles concurrencer avec succès.
The Relationship between Water Resources Use Efficiency and Scientific and Technological Innovation Level: Case Study of Yangtze River Basin in China
Authors: Yang Guangming , Gui Qingqing , Liu Junyue , Zhang Fengtai , Cheng Siyi
Published: September 2023

The Yangtze River Basin's water resource utilization efficiency (WUE) and scientific and technological innovation level (STI) are closely connected, and the comprehension of these relationships will help to improve WUE and promote local economic growth and conservation of water. This study uses 19 provinces and regions along the Yangtze River's mainstream from 2009 to 2019 as its research objects and uses a Vector Auto Regression (VAR) model to quantitatively evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution of the coupling coordination degree (CCD) between the two subsystems of WUE and STI. The findings show that: (1) Both the WUE and STI in the Yangtze River Basin showed an upward trend during the study period, but the STI effectively lagged behind the WUE; (2) The CCD of the two subsystems generally showed an upward trend, and the CCD of each province was improved to varying degrees, but the majority of regions did not develop a high-quality coordination stage; (3) The CCD of the two systems displayed apparent positive spatial autocorrelation in the spatial correlation pattern, and there were only two types: high-high (H-H) urbanization areas and low-low (L-L) urbanization areas; (4) The STI showed no obvious response to the impact of the WUE, while the WUE responded greatly to the STI, and both of them were highly dependent on themselves. Optimizing their interaction mechanisms should be the primary focus of high-quality development in the basin of the Yangtze River in the future. These results give the government an empirical basis to enhance the WUE and promote regional sustainable development.
Impact of climate change on insect biology, ecology, population dynamics, and pest management: A critical review
Authors: Lakhnarayan Kumar Bhagarathi  , Gyanpriya Maharaj
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this paper is to review and assess published literature on impact of climate change on insects. A systematic approach was used to accumulate research works of literature on “Impact of climate change on insects.” A total of forty-three (43) research papers published between the years 1908 to 2023 were accumulated and used for this review. Tables were used to present all results. A subjective approach was used to select the topics: impact of climate change and insects. In this paper, twenty-three (23) possible impacts of climate change on insects were evaluated and presented. Impact of extreme weather conditions on insects, challenges faced with pest management and strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change were also discussed. The published papers established that temperature, increasing level of carbon dioxide gas (CO2) in the atmosphere and precipitation all contribute to the changing climate that are affecting insect biodiversity, geographical distribution, behavioural preferences and pests’ outbreaks that are negatively impacting the agriculture sectors in many countries. This review highlights that more studies should be done in neotropical countries since there is a dearth and demand for research and published data in these biodiversity rich regions.
Fabrikasi dan Analisis Struktur Sel Surya Amorf Menggunakan Sistem PECVD
Authors: Prayogi Soni , Ayunis Ayunis , Cahyono Yoyok , Darminto Darminto
Published: September 2023

Pada studi ini, telah dilakukkan pembuatan lapisan sel surya silikon amorf terhidrogenasi (a-Si:H) tipe p dengan menggunakan sistem PECVD pada subtrat kaca ITO. Deposisi yang dilakukan selama 30 menit dengan daya RF 3-Watt dan temperatur 2700C. Fabrikasi sel surya amorf menggunakanmetode ekperimen dengan mengalirkan gas silan (SiH4) 20 sccm dengan variasi laju gas Hidrogen (H2) dari 30 sccm sampai 70 sccm dan laju gas Boron (B2H6) 2 sccm dan 4 sccm. Hasil fabrikasi sel surya amorf mendapatkan ketebalan lapisan yang diukur dengan spektrometer (NanoCalc-2000) sebesar 302,8-324,0 nm. Dengan menggunakan pengukuran four-point probe didapatkan konduktivitas gelap 3,34 x 10-3 S/cm dan konduktivitas terang didapatkan 3,91 x 10-3 S/cm. Serta, hasil pengukuran menggunakan UV-VIS mendapatkan energi gap sebesar 1,7-1,8 eV. Fabrikasi lapisan sel surya amorf ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi sel surya berbasis a-Si: H.
Üçgenler ünitesine ait etkileşimli matematik ders kitabında yer alan dinamik geometri yazılımı görevlerinin bir analizi
Authors: GÜLKILIK Hilal
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, üçgenler ünitesine ait etkileşimli matematik ders kitabında yer alan dinamik geometri yazılımı görevlerinin matematik ve teknoloji perspektifinden öğrencilere sunduğu potansiyel öğrenme fırsatlarını incelemektir. Etkileşimli kitaplar, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Ortaöğretim Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından dijital öğrenme materyallerinin paylaşıldığı web sitesinde yer almaktadır. Araştırmanın teorik alt yapısını, Trocki ve Hollebrands’ın (2018) bir dinamik geometri yazılımı görevinin kalitesini belirlemek amacıyla oluşturduğu Dinamik Geometri Görev Analizi Çerçevesi oluşturmaktadır. Etkileşimli kitapta ele alınan dinamik geometri yazılımı görevlerindeki potansiyel öğrenme fırsatları incelenirken, görevlerde yer alan istemler matematiksel derinlik ve teknolojik eylemler bakımından analiz edilmiştir. İstemlere ek olarak, görevlerde ulaşılması beklenen sonuçlara yönelik ekranda sağlanan dönütler ve görevlerin kitap içeriğindeki yeri de analize dahil edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, söz konusu görevlerin, öğrencilerin dikkatini matematiksel kavramlara ve ilişkilere çekmek için bir potansiyele sahip olduğunu, ama istemlerde kullanılan ifadelerin bu potansiyeli harekete geçirebilmek için yeterli olmadığını göstermektedir. Görevlerin, öğrencilere sunduğu öğrenme fırsatları açısından, hazır olarak verilen geometrik inşalarda ilgili matematiksel fikrin doğruluğunu gözlemlemeyle sınırlı kaldığı belirlenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, ilgili matematiksel kavramlar ve ilişkileri öğrenciler için anlamlı kılmak adına, görevlerin geliştirilmesine yönelik bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Multi-sensori dalam konsepsi tempat pada lingkungan cagar budaya perkotaan
Authors: Septianto Eggi , Djimantoro Michael Isnaeni , Noviandri Patricia Pahlevi , Firmansyah  , Poerbo Heru Wibowo , Martokusumo Widjaja
Published: September 2023

Multi-sensori berpengaruh dalam mengenali sebuah tempat lebih baik. Proses mengenali tersebut perlu didukung oleh konsepsi tempat yang tidak dibatasi oleh aspek fisik saja. Pemahaman ini berlawanan dengan paradigma yang umum terjadi dalam pemahaman dan model  pelestarian kawasan cagar budaya yang masih terbatas pada peningkatan kualitas fisik berdasarkan indra visual. Artikel ini mendiskusikan peran dan potensi multi-sensori dalam memahami konsepsi tempat yang bermanfaat pada pelestarian kawasan cagar budaya perkotaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pengumpulan data dari studi kepustakaan dan pengamatan lapangan kawasan cagar budaya sekitar Gedung Sate  kota Bandung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi multi-sensori berperan serta berpotensi untuk mempermudah proses pembacaan dan merasakan tempat oleh individu. Diskusi ini membuka wacana baru untuk mengintegrasikan aspek non fisik berbasis persepsi subjek dalam diskusi  kawasan cagar budaya perkotaan.
Integrated learning as a promising form of organising literary education at a university
Authors: Biryukova Olga Ivanovna
Published: September 2023

The aim of the research is to characterise the main factors in the design of the educational process at the faculty of philology of a pedagogical university taking into account the dominant aspects of future teachers’ professional training. The paper considers interdisciplinary integration as an important trajectory for the effective acquisition of professional competencies and personal self-realisation by philology students in the process of studying literary disciplines. Special attention is paid to the conditions for the formation of literary competence in the aspect of integrating subject, technological and information-resource training, which meets the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education for the competencies of future teachers. The scientific novelty of the work lies in determining the pedagogical conditions for the successful implementation of interdisciplinary integration as a meaningful complementarity of different academic disciplines in the training of future teachers and philologists at a university. As a result, it has been proved that interdisciplinary integration implemented in the teaching of literary disciplines at a university can become a fundamental methodological principle that resolves the contradiction between the separate subject training of a particular discipline and the formation of a holistic view of the profession without losing the quality of education.
Optimalisasi Aktivitas Pengembangan Motorik Halus Anak Usia Dini Usia 3-4 Tahun
Authors: Noor Triana Rosalina
Published: September 2023

Lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini berperan sebagai wadah optimalisasi perkembangan anak, salah satunya adalah pengembangan keterampilan motorik halus yang penting dalam mendukung peningkatan life skills anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aktivitas pengembangan motorik halus di KBIT Al-Aqsha melalui pendekatan penelitian kualitatif-studi kasus. Pengambilan data melalui teknik observasi, studi dokumen dan wawancara kepada tiga orang informan yang dipilih secara purposive sampling dengan teknik analisis data melalui proses kondensasi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pengembangan motorik halus anak di KBIT Al-Aqsha sudah mulai berkembang sejak satu bulan proses pembelajaran yang distimulasi melalui aktivitas menggambar bebas, kegiatan meniru obyek, kegiatan kombinasi, mengajarkan cara memegang alat makan dan alat tulis dengan benar, menggunting pola, melipat dan menempel gambar, mewarnai dan eksplorasi kegiatan dan penggunaan media yang unik. Evaluasi ketercapaian dilakukan melalui penilaian unjuk kerja, observasi dan pemberian tugas yang dilakukan sebagaimana indikator yang telah ditetapkan.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek untuk Meningkatkan Kemandirian Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Suci Ratu Ayuning , Fathiyah Kartika Nur
Published: September 2023

Berbagai sikap yang harus dimiliki anak yaitu salah satunya kemandirian. Anak usia dini memerlukan  sikap mandiri sebagai dasar bagi anak untuk dapat mengendalikan dirinya. Kemandirian pada anak usia dini dapat distimulus dengan berbagai metode pembelajaran. Metode pembelajaran berbasis proyek mampu menyampaikan pengetahuan yang menggembirakan bagi anak, metode proyek menciptakan anak untuk menjadi pribadi yang ingin tahu dan dapat bekerja sendiri maupun berkelompok. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi dari pembelajaran berbasis metode proyek untuk meningkatkan kemandirian pada anak usia dini. Memakai pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif sebagai metode penelitian. Observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi sebagai teknik pengumpulan data dengan melibatkan guru orang dan kepala sekolah TK Great Rastera School Kecamatan Sunggal Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan data direduksi, disajikan, dan diambil kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian menjunjukkan bahwa penggunaan metode berbasis proyek dapat meningkatkan kemandirian anak usia dini secara signifikan, dan memberikan manfaat untuk anak agar dapat bekerja secara mandiri maupun berkelompok.
Pentingnya Nilai-Nilai Kearifan Lokal Suku Ngalum Ok dalam Kurikulum PAUD guna Menghasilkan Siswa Berkepribadian Unggul
Authors: Mimin Elka
Published: September 2023

Pentingnya fungsi, peran dan manfaat unsur budaya dan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal di dalamnya pada keberadaan dan keberlangsungan masyarakat dan kebudayaan suatu bangsa (suku), dengan demikian, upaya sosialisasi dan pelestarian perlu dilakukan seperti dengan memasukkan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal ke dalam kurikulum PAUD. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menunjukkan pentingnya memasukkan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal suku Ngalum Ok dalam kurikulum PAUD. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif dan pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, studi dokumentasi dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa unsur budaya dan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal suku Ngalum Ok masih memiliki fungsi, peran dan manfaat positif bagi kehidupan masyarakat pendukung. Maka penting untuk melestarikan unsur budaya dan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal suku Ngalum Ok yang meliputi: kejujuran, kesopanan, peduli, toleransi, keadilan, gotong-royong, saling menghormati dan sebagainya dalam kurikulum PAUD sebagai solusi cerdas untuk menghasilkan siswa PAUD yang unggul.
Analisis Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan di Taman Kanak-Kanak
Authors: Kartika Wilda Isna , Putri Ayu Aprilia Pangestu
Published: September 2023

Permasalahan mengenai kemampuan membaca anak Indonesia tampaknya masih harus menjadi perhatian. Urgensi kemampuan membaca seharusnya sudah dikenalkan  sejak usia dini yang merupakan masa keemasaan seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kegiatan kemampuan membaca permulaan anak di Taman kanak-kanak (TK) melalui metode dan  bahan bacaan yang digunakan. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan kualitatif jenis studi kasus. Data hasil yang diperoleh dari instrumen berupa pedoman wawancara dan instrumen kemampuan membaca permulaan dan dokumentasi dianalisis secara deskriptif  model Miles Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa anak memiliki kemampuan membaca permulaan yang baik berdasarkan indikator anak mampu membaca abjad, kata, kalimat, paragraf dan membaca buku dalam bahasa Inggris yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Berbagai penemuan baru seperti metode, bahan bacaan menjadi informasi yang dapat TK terapkan untuk menstimulasi kemampuan membaca permulaan. Penelitian  selanjutnya diharapkan dapat menguji hasil temuan diberbagai TK di Indonesia sehingga mendapatkan informasi mengenai efektivitas hasil temuan tersebut.
Buku Digital Berbasis Fonetik Melalui Aplikasi Book Creator untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Atikah Cucu , Asmawati Luluk , Ekawati Ratna
Published: September 2023

Pada era teknologi dan globalisasi, kemampuan berbahasa Inggris menjadi penting sejak usia dini. Tujuan dari penelitian pengembangan ini adalah untuk membuat buku cerita digital berbasis fonetik yang bermanfaat dan berguna untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca bahasa Inggris anak-anak berusia lima hingga enam tahun. Studi ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE, yang mencakup tahapan Analitik, Desain, Pengembangan, Implementasi, dan Evaluasi. Teknik purposive sampling digunakan untuk memilih 67 anak usia 5-6 tahun dari 3 preschool berbeda sebagai subjek penelitian. Penilaian kelayakan buku digital dilakukan melalui angket penilaian yang divalidasi oleh ahli media dan ahli materi, dan hasilnya dianalisis menggunakan persentase. Efektivitas buku digital diukur melalui angket observasi pada pretest dan posttest terhadap kemampuan membaca bahasa Inggris. Uji sample paired t-test digunakan untuk menganalisis hasil pretest dan posttest kemampuan membaca anak. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa buku digital berbasis fonetik ini sangat layak digunakan dan efektif untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan membaca bahasa Inggris anak.
Implementasi Metode Project Based Learning untuk Kreativitas pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Nikmah Awaliyatun , Shofwan Imam , Loretha All Fine
Published: September 2023

Pembelajaran dengan metode konvensional masih menjadi masalah yang sering terjadi di lembaga pendidikan, pembelajaran dengan metode tersebut terkesan membosankan sehingga mengurangi minat belajar siswa. Kondisi tersebut akan sulit meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik dan tidak mampu mencapai tujuan atau hasil belajar yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan metode project based learning dan kreativitas siswa setelah mengikuti pembelajaran berbasis proyek. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KBIT Al Amin, subjek penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah dan 2 orang pendidik. Teknik validitas data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi partisipatif, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, serta dianalisis dengan model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu guru merancang kegiatan pembelajaran dengan metode project based learning melalui kegiatan bermain, bercerita, dan berdiskusi sesuai tema yang sudah ditentukan, serta media penunjang pembelajarannya menggunakan loose parts sehingga siswa bersemangat dalam mengikuti pembelajaran. Pengaruh dari pembelajaran project based learning terhadap kreativitas siswa diantaranya siswa menjadi tidak mudah bosan, tertarik pada kegiatan kreatif, memiliki keingintahuan yang tinggi, percaya diri, berani mengambil resiko, terbuka terhadap hal-hal baru, imajinatif, toleransi, dan memiliki tanggung jawab.
Cartoon Film As A Medium of Moral Education for Early Children
Authors: Hamdanah Hamdanah , Surawan Surawan , Fahmi Noor
Published: September 2023

Films always have a special message, both in characterization and portrayal in acting, of course, have their own value in making conclusions from the point of view of each audience. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out moral education, especially the material contained in Alif and Alya cartoons. This research uses the library research method which aims to explore information through previous research and utilize literature both manually and online with primary data sources, namely video recordings of Alif and Alya cartoons and various other sources as secondary data. The data collection techniques used are indirect observation methods and documentary methods, while the data analysis techniques used are semiotic approaches by playing Alif and Alya cartoon videos. The results showed that in the cartoons of Alif and Alya in episode 2 "Ayo Berpuasa" and episode 3 "Sharing Victory" there are moral education materials in the form of following the teachings of the Prophet of Allah, patience, repentance, honesty, respect for parents, gratitude, sincerity, and mutual forgiveness and in the cartoons Alif and Alya there are also despicable morals in the form of showing off (riya) and discrimination
“Identity crisis is our identity”: Cultural Cringe and the Search for a Singaporean Identity through Nationalism
Authors: Ng Wi En , Yeong Eldrida
Published: September 2023

This paper is a preliminary inquiry into the unique interplay between nationalism and cultural perception in Singapore, borrowing from Phillip's (1950) notion of cultural cringe — the idea that local culture is deemed inferior to that of foreign entities. Despite being a hub for global cultural exchanges, Singapore’s local arts and cultural practices are often devalued by its locals. This is evident in local sentiments that suggest Singapore lacks a distinctive culture or produces inferior cultural products. This study focuses on Singaporean youth, who stand to be future producers and consumers of culture. By tracing Singapore's national history, we aim to elucidate the intertwined relationship between this sense of cultural inferiority and the nation's identity and nationalism. We argue that those who align more strongly with Singapore's nationalistic attitudes are less inclined to develop attitudes of cultural cringe, viewing local cultural expressions not as subpar Western replicas but as emblems of Singapore's national prowess.
Exploring students’ perceptions of self-assessment in the context of problem solving in STEM
Authors: Lämsä Joni , Virtanen Anne , Tynjälä Päivi , Maunuksela Jussi , Koskinen Pekka
Published: September 2023

Central goals of higher education in STEM domains include learning of problem solving and self-assessment skills. To achieve these goals, we propose a novel self-assessment method called the Solve-Correct-Assess-Negotiate (SCAN) method of assessing problem solving that includes both formative and summative elements. We study students’ learning experiences in courses involving different methods of assessing problem solving (Course 1 including teacher-led assessment, Ntrad = 53; Course 2 including SCAN method, NSCAN = 56) and specifically associations between these learning experiences and students' perceptions of the SCAN method. We found that the students relied on teacher-led assessment more than the self-assessment. The perceived utility of the self-assessment was positively associated with a deeper approach to learning in Course 2 than in Course 1. Students who found the self-assessment less beneficial also perceived less support from the learning environment. Our findings suggest that the successful implementation of novel self-assessment-based practices for problem-solving requires personalized support for self-assessment, teachers’ awareness of the different perceptions that students have towards these practices, and discussion among teachers and students on the rationale, utility, and reliability of the different practices.