bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study to the Sternal Region in Scorpions and Spiders
Authors: Al-azawi Zeina N.
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the coxosternal or ventral sternal region, in scorpions and spiders. We col-lected 10 specimens of Scorpions from provinces Baghdad in region Abo Kreab and Salahuddin provinces in Tikrit then 7 specimens of Spiders were collected from variant regions in provinces Baghdad and various genera and families were collected and processed for examination. The aim was to compare the morphology of the coxosternal between these two arachnid groups and analyze the underlying functional and evolutionary implications of any structural variations. So the result of this study on coxosternal region of scorpions in the Family: Buthidae like Androctonus crassicau-da, is not wide the majority of members of this family have a triangular cut and the female genital cover is divided, coxosternal region in Orthochirus scrobiculosus do not extend forward and do not form lobes, edges of the scales grainy and it is finely grained the majority of individuals have a tri-angular cut, Mesobuthus eupeus the ventral side is shiny and wide with strong hairs and the ster-num is triangular, coxosternal region in Family: Scorpionidae like Scorpio Maurus in the ventral side do not have lobes extending forward, the sternum is pentagonal. But in Family: Salticidae of spiders the coxosternal region in Hasarius adansoni, are oval shape sternum or variable in Thyene imperialis, and Evarcha seyun, are circle shape sternum or variable, coxosternal region in Ne-oscona subfusca, family Araniedae are heart-shaped or triangular. The expected results include identifying distinct coxosternal shapes in scorpions compared to spiders. These variations might be linked to specific Roles like locomotion and internal organ protection. The determined geomor-phology gets to render Understandings into the evolutionary relationships betwixt scorpions and spiders. This comparative analysis is expected to Add to a better understanding of how the cox-osternal plays a role in the biology of scorpions and spiders. The known variations get bid im-portant information along the development and practical adjustations inside these arachnids
Spatial Variation of Salmonella Bacteria for Plants in the Environment of Mishkab District Center
Authors: M. Almudhafar Safaa , H. Jawad Hanan , A. Almayahi Basim
Published: December 2024

This research included the detection of knowledge of the numbers of salmonella bacteria species in the plants of the Mishkab district environment for four seasons and the knowledge of the variation in their numbers for each season and the salmonella of the genus Bacillus negative color in the Gram dye belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. They are strong bacteria that are found everywhere and can survive for several weeks in a dry environment and several months in water and moist soil and then move to the plant from the soil and water polluted by many sources. The main reason for the growth and spread of these bacteria is the feces of humans and animals. When the appropriate conditions for these bacteria are available, they help them spread and move to other places in the environment. Four maps were drawn for spatial modeling of salmonella bacteria in plants. Samples were taken for 30 important sites where most of the plants on which the population depends depend on food in the first place, such as vegetables, fruits and grain crops, in addition to natural plants that are spread in most parts and conduct analysis in various scientific laboratories.
Effect of Spraying with Boric Acid and Potassium Fertilizer on Three Eggplant Hybrids Solanum Melongena L. Under Unheated Plastic House Conditions
Authors: Muhalhal Matham A , Salman Jamal A
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to determine the response of three hybrids of eggplant, THURAYYA, JAWAHER, and BARCELONA to spraying with boric acid (BO3 H3) (17% B) at a concentration of 25 mg L-1 or high potassium fertilizer 3 g.L-1 as NPK (50) or a combination of both fertilizers under unheated greenhouse conditions. The experiment was carried out using Randomized Complete Block Design with three rep-licates. The results showed that the Barcelona hybrid was significantly superior in leaf area, dry weight of the vegetative group, fruit set percentage, leaf chlorophyll content, number of fruits, plant yield and fruit solanine content compared to the two hybrids Thurayya and Jawaher. Spraying with the fertilizer combination of potassium at a concentration of 3 g.L-1 and boron 25 mg.L-1 was significantly superior in increasing the studied indicators compared to plants treated with one of the factors or not treated. The results showed that the highest measures for all study indicators recorded a significant increase in the treatment of the Barcelona hybrid interaction and spraying with the fertilizer combination of 3 g.L-1 potassium and 25 mg.L-1 boron compared to all other interaction treatments between the study factors.
Sustainable Soil and Crop Management Practices to Boost the Crop Productivity and Soil Properties
Authors: Mishra Nidhi , Haval Abhijeet Madhukar
Published: December 2024

Reducing poverty and attaining zero hunger and adequate nourishment are critical concerns con-fronting agronomic planners globally. Enhancing various agronomic methods, which significantly impact crop growth and output, is urgently required to achieve this objective. Soil deterioration has transpired globally due to soil pollution, eroding, salinity, and acidity. The intense farming practices devoid of sustainable practices have resulted in deteriorating soil quality, destruction of land, and significant environmental issues. Future initiatives to feed the expanding population should focus on enhancing agricultural output within sustainable ecosystems. Creative measures are essential in this context since conventional policies are insufficient to address these difficulties. The work pro-posed Sustainable Soil and Crop Management Practices (SS-CMP) to boost Crop Productivity (CP) and Soil Properties (SP). This includes Nutritional Management (NM), Location-Specific Nutrient Management (LSNM), Comprehensive Nutrition Management (CNM), Comprehensive Fertility Management (CFM) for soil, Comprehensive Soil-Crop Governance (CSCG), Sustainable Water Use (SWU), Agricultural Conservation (AC), Sustainable Soil Management (SSM), vertical cultivation, combined CMP, breeding methods, and additional methodologies amalgamated with scientific and behavioral modifications. Minimizing the use of substances, including herbicides and pesticides, and enhancing the effectiveness of agricultural supply use might reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GGE) and safeguard biodiversity. SS-CMP offers potential benefits for humanity and the World, and its success relies on the collaboration of both rich and developing countries to pursue a shared vision of producing more food with less ecological impact.
Employing Riverbanks to Humanize Cities
Authors: Abed Raghda Najim , Akram Laila
Published: December 2024

Riverbanks in cities are considered important urban spaces in their planning, but we see at the present time the neglect of the human factor and a significant decline in human levels in them, as city planning focuses on creating spaces to accommodate vehicles instead of providing citizens with spaces that encourage social participation and social interaction. This has led to the lack of public spaces that enable citizens to enjoy the city, in addition to high pollution rates and the emergence of cities that are unfriendly to people and unsustainable. From Here the research problem arose: Is the Baghdad Historical Center properly employed? to Humanization of the city of Baghdad? Therefore, the research aims to try to reach Indicators to employ the riverbank in the historical center of Baghdad to make it more humane and the hypothesis of the research is to employ the riverbank Humanization Baghdad Historical Center by following planning indicators and procedures. The research followed the descriptive analytical approach and presented a theoretical framework. Containing examples of humanizing the banks in global cities. To test the research hypothesis The practical part of the research take Analysis of the study area supported by maps and images, and application Human planning indicators on it and Conducting a field survey by the researcher and studying land uses, the research reached a number of conclusions, namely: The bank of the historic center of Baghdad, towards Rusafa Missing The human dimension in most of its parts is due to the poor quality of urban planning, neglect of the environment of the river section and the adjacent bank, and neglect of the historical, commercial and human aspects in it.
A Deep Learning-based Intelligent Automatic Detection and Classification of Fish Species in Marine Environment
Authors: Nayak Ashu , F Rahman
Published: December 2024

As marine environments encounter escalating threats and obstacles, accurate and effective Fish Species Classification (FSC) has become crucial for managing fisheries, preserving biodiversity, and ecological surveillance. Considering the substantial volume of georeferenced fish photographs gathered daily by fishermen, artificial intelligence (AI) and computer vision (CV) technologies provide significant potential to automate their analysis via species recognition and classification. This study investigates utilizing Deep Learning (DL) techniques alongside appearance-based feature selection to automatically and precisely determine fish species from images. The research utilizes many aquatic fish images, including diverse species, sizes, and ecological settings. Conventional DL models struggle to capture long-term dependencies and necessitate fixed input sizes, rendering them less adaptable when processing images of varying dimensions. The Vision Transformer (VT) mitigates these limitations using the transformer model's Self-Attention Mechanisms (SAM). This paper employs a VT to address the FSC problem and provides Intelligent Automatic Detection and FSC in Marine Environment (IAD-FSC-ME). VT's efficacy is evaluated compared to pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models: VGG19, DenseNet121, ResNet50v2, InceptionV3, and Xception. The investigations utilize an open data set (Fish4Knowledge), wherein both the object detection and classification systems are enhanced with subtropical fish species of interest. It has been observed that VT surpassed the prevailing literature by attaining 99.14% accuracy in efficient FSC.
The Dynamic Capability, Innovation, Competitive Advantage, and Survival of Tech Startups
Authors: Rinthaisong Idsaratt , Duangtong Prempa
Published: December 2024

This study aims to bridge the research gap by exploring the impact of dynamic capability and innovation on startup survival. It tests the mediating roles of competitive advantage and scrutinizes the moderating role of dynamic capabilities in the relationship between innovation and startup survival. The sample group consisted of 170 tech-startups in Thailand. We calculated the sample size based on the estimated parameter ratio for each sample, which was determined using stratified random sampling. We conducted online (Google Forms) and paper (post office) surveys after systematic sampling. The analysis included confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). The causal relationship model and the empirical data agreed well without adjusting the model, and it was found that dynamic capability did not have a direct effect on the survival of startups. However, the influence of dynamic capability and innovation on the survival of startups through competitive advantage was found to have statistical significance. Furthermore, startups can amplify the impact of innovation on competitive advantage by enhancing their dynamic capabilities. Startups can achieve this by identifying and recognizing opportunities that arise from environmental changes, absorption, and reconfiguration. The implication identified in this research is that startups have a better chance of survival when they have a competitive advantage, employ and encourage innovation, and implement dynamic capability. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-04-08 Full Text: PDF
PAPER ON NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
Authors: Rathod Chetan
Published: December 2024

Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) are fundamental in modeling a wide range of phenomena in science, engineering, economics, and various other fields. However, finding exact analytical solutions to ODEs is not always possible, especially for complex, non-linear, or high-dimensional systems. In such cases, numerical methods offer a practical approach to approximating solutions. This paper explores various numerical techniques for solving ODEs, including the Euler method, Runge-Kutta methods, and multistep methods. It highlights the advantages and limitations of each approach in terms of accuracy, stability, and computational efficiency. The paper also discusses the concept of step size selection, error analysis, and the impact of discretization on the convergence of solutions. Additionally, we investigate specialized methods for stiff ODEs, which pose unique challenges due to the presence of rapidly changing variables alongside slow dynamics. Methods like the backward Euler and implicit Runge-Kutta schemes are reviewed for their effectiveness in handling stiffness. Finally, the paper presents several examples and applications to demonstrate the practical implementation of these methods and their ability to approximate solutions for real-world problems. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of choosing appropriate numerical techniques based on the nature of the problem at hand and the desired accuracy of the solution.
NOISE POLLUTION AND HEALTH IN NORTHERN GREATER MUMBAI: CASE OF RN WARD
Authors: Datta Prof. Dr. Moushumi
Published: December 2024

Greater Mumbai is urbanizing at a rapid pace, leading to extensive construction activities, widespread use of machinery, and heavy traffic, which contribute significantly to noise pollution in the city. This study aims to measure noise levels in the study area, analyze their impact on residents' health, and recommend practical solutions to mitigate the adverse effects. The research methodology includes secondary data sourced from news articles to compile a literature review. Primary data is collected through a structured questionnaire administered via Google Forms to facilitate efficient data collection. A sample size of 80 respondents, randomly selected from locations with high noise levels, was chosen for the study. The key findings reveal elevated noise levels across most locations, with significant health impacts reported by respondents. These impacts include stress, sleep disturbances, and hearing impairment. The recommendations emphasize the importance of educating the public about the harmful effects of noise pollution and the need to plant large canopy trees, particularly in noisy areas, to absorb sound effectively. Additionally, hearing impairment is commonly identified as an occupational hazard, particularly among individuals working in industries associated with high noise levels.
FOSTERING DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION: HR’S ROLE IN BUILDING INCLUSIVE ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURES
Authors: Kulkarni Mihika
Published: December 2024

The emphasis on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) has significantly increased in recent years, as organizations understand the importance of establishing inclusive cultures. This paper investigates the vital role that Human Resources (HR) plays in promoting DEI within companies. Through a review of existing literature and primary research, this study looks at how HR policies and practices affect inclusivity, employee engagement, and overall organizational performance. The results indicate that a proactive HR strategy greatly enhances DEI initiatives, resulting in better employee well-being and greater innovation. The paper concludes with practical strategies for HR professionals to foster and maintain inclusive organizational cultures.
MICROBIAL ANALYSIS OF NUNDKOL LAKE WATER
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Mishra Manjul
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the water quality of Nundkol Lake, also known as Nandi Kund or Kalodaka Lake, located in the Ganderbal district of the Kashmir Valley, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Conducted over a year (January to December 2023), the research aimed to assess the lake's physicochemical properties and their ecological implications. Surface water samples were collected using clean glass stoppered bottles, adhering to the guidelines established by the American Public Health Association (APHA, 2005). Various limnological parameters were analyzed, including temperature, pH, specific conductivity, Secchi transparency, dissolved oxygen, free CO2, alkalinity, phosphate (PO4-P), and nitrate (NO3-N). Measurements were taken on-site, with select samples transported under ideal conditions to a laboratory for detailed analysis. The findings highlighted a significant correlation between physicochemical parameters and the lake's ecological health. Nundkol Lake, situated at an elevation of 5,142 meters (16,870 feet) above sea level, is fed by glacial runoff from Gangabal Lake and Mount Haramukh and features a diverse array of alpine flora and brown trout. Access to the lake is limited to summer months due to heavy snowfall in winter. This research emphasizes the importance of ongoing water quality monitoring in Nundkol Lake to ensure its ecological sustainability and to better understand its response to environmental stressors. The study contributes valuable data for the conservation and management of high-altitude freshwater ecosystems in the region.
ENCOUNTERING STRANGE LAND: LIFE OF MIGRANTS IN ABDULRAZAK GURNAH’S THE LAST GIFT
Authors: Ashney A Harrin , Sathiadevi S Felicia Gladys
Published: December 2024

Migrants have cross-cultural living experiences of their homeland and the host country. These migrants have a sense of belonging to countries and communities beyond their national borders. These migrants who cross national boundaries often find themselves in a state of great desperation and fear. Therefore, these displaced refugees experience fear of strangers, social isolation, and racial trauma. These asylum seekers overcome challenging and harmful situations and try to construct their own identities. Abdulrazak Gurnah is an East African of Tanzanian origin and works as a professor at Kent University in the UK. As a migrant, he deals with issues of belongingness, colonialism, displacement, memory, and migration in his writings. The Last Gift, Gurnah’s eighth novel sheds light on the traumatic experiences of displacement and struggles through his character Abbas, the protagonist, who has migrated from the East Coast of Africa to England. In his search for social space in a host land, his psychological depression, and his ethnic distress as a migrant writer, Gurnah graphically explores the complexities of his life in a strange land. This article focuses on encounters faced by the migrants as they try to relocate and construct an identity of their own in the strange land. It also focuses on the refugees’ ability to address the troubles they experienced and discovers the difficulties faced by first and second generation immigrants.
Osmanlı Pamuk Sanayisinin Modernleşmesi Örneği: Mersin’de Thomas Athanassiadi ve Oğulları Çırçır Fabrikası
Authors: Çiftyürek Müge
Published: December 2024

18. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından sonra Avrupa merkezli gelişen Endüstri Devrimi’nin etkileri, Osmanlı Devleti’nde modern sanayileşme hamlelerini başlatmıştır. 19. yüzyıldan itibaren Osmanlı coğrafyasında çeşitli sektörlere ait olmak üzere Batı modelinde seri üretim yapan fabrikaların inşa edilmesine hız verilmiştir. Bu sektörler içinde yer alan dokumacılık, hammadde bolluğu sebebiyle Osmanlı Devleti’nin en yaygın sanayi kolu olmuştur. Hammadde olarak pamuk, yün, keten, ipek gibi ürünler kullanılan söz konusu sektörde, özellikle pamuk öncü bir rol oynamıştır. Endüstri Devrimi ile birlikte İngiltere, pamuklu dokuma sektöründeki hammadde ihtiyacını, 19. yüzyılda pamuk üretiminde hızlı bir yükselişe geçen Amerika’dan karşılamıştır. Ancak 1861’deki Amerikan İç Savaşı pamuk tedarikinde aksaklıklara yol açınca İngilizler, pamuk kaynağı arayışında Osmanlı topraklarına yönelmiştir. Bu bağlamda, Batı Anadolu ve Çukurova bölgesinde pamuk üretiminin niteliğini ve yaygınlığını artırma hedefiyle çalışmalar yürütülmüştür. Doğal olarak, söz konusu bölgelerde pamuk üzerine kurulu bir sanayinin de gelişmesine zemin hazırlanmıştır. Konu gereği, Adana, Tarsus ve Mersin gibi kentlerin bulunduğu Çukurova ele alındığında, 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından sonra pamuğun temizlenmesi ve işlenmesine yönelik çırçır, iplik ve dokuma fabrikaları inşa edilmiştir. Bu fabrikaların gayrimüslim girişimciler tarafından kurulduğu görülmektedir. Bunlardan biri de Thomas Athanassiadi ve Oğulları Çırçır Fabrikası’dır. Thomas Athanassiadi diğer adıyla Hacı Toma, Niğde’nin Bor kazasından gelip Mersin’e yerleşen ve Rum asıllı bir tüccardır. Çalışmada, öncelikle, Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivlerinden hareketle fabrikanın inşa süreci ve mimarisi aydınlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, çeşitli yıllarda basılmış olan Annuaire Oriental yani Şark Ticaret Yıllıkları da fabrikanın tarihine ışık tutmuştur. Daha sonra Mersin’i konu alan kaynaklardaki bilgilerle ve bu kaynaklarda tespit edilen bir fotoğraf vasıtasıyla fabrikanın mimarisi detaylandırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Mersin kentinin ticari ve sınai hayatına kuşkusuz katkı sağlayan fabrika, Osmanlı pamuk sanayisinin modernleştirilmesine yönelik hamlelerinin somut bir örneği olması açısından da önemli veriler sunmaktadır.
The Study of the Second Harmonic Generation of the Hybrid CdS nanobelts
Authors: Kareem Nada Abdul Hadi
Published: December 2024

In this work, first we studied the second-harmonic generation, preparation of high-quality CdS including CdS (cadmium powder, powder, 99.995% basis for trace minerals) on the silicon substrate in nanobelts (CdS) manufactured by Chemical Evaporation Deposition (CVD), (XRD), TEM, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nonlinear optical properties using optical microscopy, microscopic optical measurements, and second- harmonic generation  measurements using Ti: Sappire laser femto second (800 nm). The results showed that the prepared CdS nanobelts, had a blue emission and the wavelength is 400 nm, which is due to deep emissions resulting from imperfections or impurities.
Sistem Informasi Pendeteksi Penyakit Pada Kucing Dengan Metode Backward Chaining
Authors: Karnila Sri , Darmawan Algifari
Published: December 2024

Cats are a popular pet in Indonesia, with a significant increase in the number of owners. However, difficulties in recognizing early symptoms of diseases often lead to delayed treatment and worsen the health condition of the cats. The purpose of this study is to design a web-based information system that can help detect diseases in cats earlier. The research methodology employs Backward Chaining to detect cat diseases at an early stage. The process begins with collecting symptoms from users, matching these symptoms against a database, and backtracking to determine the likely diseases. Black box testing shows that the system functions well, while validation with entered case data indicates that the Backward Chaining method is successful in providing relevant initial action recommendations. Unlike previous studies, which generally only developed systems based on symptom lists without deep inferential capabilities, this research fills a gap by integrating a more systematic backtracking mechanism through the Backward Chaining method. This approach allows the system to deliver more accurate and specific diagnoses based on a combination of symptoms.
Penerapan Predictive Analytics untuk Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Performa Akademik Siswa
Authors: Yanuarini Nur Sukmaningtyas  , Makhfuddin Akbar Ronny , Rohma Utami Asyafiiyah Gita
Published: December 2024

Education in Indonesia currently faces several challenges, particularly the inequality of educational facilities in rural areas, leading to lower academic achievement compared to urban students. This study differs from previous research that focused solely on machine learning with academic data. Using a data-driven predictive analytics approach, the research aims to analyze factors influencing student academic performance, such as study hours, sleep hours, previous scores, and extracurricular involvement. Several machine learning algorithms including Linear Regression, Support Vector Regression (SVR), Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and XGBoost were employed to build the prediction model. The results indicated a significant correlation of 0.92 between previous scores and academic performance. Among the five algorithms, the XGBoost model demonstrated superior performance compared to the others. This highlights the effectiveness of the XGBoost model in predicting factors that affect students' academic performance and its potential as a tool for educators to develop more effective learning strategies, ultimately aiming to enhance students' academic achievements significantly.
Molecular aspects of pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Garifullina A.G. , Gilyazova I.R. , Abdeeva G.R. , Kudlay D.A. , Nizamova A.R. , Minyazova A.A. , Bakirov B.A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia type in adults. CLL is characterized by significant changes in the patient's genome, including both various mutations and epigenetic changes. These changes currently play an important role in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of the disease. The aim of the work is to review the scientific literature on genetic mutations that occur in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Material and methods. The following databases were used to search for published studies: PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost and Scopus. The search was performed in the time period from the date of creation of the corresponding databases to October 2024. A study was considered suitable if it was original, included the clinical and pathogenetic features of CLL. Results. From the presented analysis of sources, it could be concluded that the main genetic changes in CLL are chromosomal mutations. Moreover, the most common anomalies are del(13q14) and del(17p). The microenvironment in CLL is also very important. The behavior of CLL cells depends on signals originating from non-tumor cells in the microenvironment. The tumor genome of many patients with CLL is characterized by the presence of mutations in the genes of the variable region of the heavy chain of immunoglobulins, while in other patients the above-mentioned genes do not contain mutations, which is associated with an unfavorable prognosis of the disease. Conclusions. The review analyzes various types of anomalies in CLL. The main stages of the pathogenetic mechanism in the evolution of the disease and possible methods of treatment depending on the genetic mutation are also examined.
Use of nanotechnology in the creation of targeted drugs for the treatment of oncological diseases
Authors: Seliverstov P.V. , Baksheeva A.D. , Koretskaya P.S. , Abdusattarov I.Z.
Published: December 2024

Objective. To analyze current advances in nanotechnology applications for the development of targeted drugs in oncology, including their mechanisms of action and clinical application prospects. Material and methods. A comprehensive analysis of scientific literature on nanotechnology applications in anti-cancer drug development was conducted. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were used for the period 2000–2024. Results. The main types of nanoparticles used in oncology, their physicochemical properties, and tumor delivery mechanisms were systematized. The principles of the EPR effect and strategies for improving targeted drug delivery were described. Modern approaches to nanoparticle modification for enhancing their therapeutic efficacy were analyzed. Conclusion. Nanotechnology represents a promising direction in the development of anti-cancer drugs, enabling improved therapy efficacy and safety. The use of drug delivery nanosystems helps overcome biological barriers and enhance pharmacokinetic parameters of drugs.
Molecular mechanisms of the geroprotective action of magnesium hyaluronan in inflamaging human skin fibroblasts
Authors: Belova Yu.I. , Mironova E.S. , Zubareva T.S. , Drobintseva A.O. , Znatdinov D.I.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The study of the molecular mechanisms of skin aging is one of the key problems of dermatocosmetology. Inflamaging is a chronic low–level inflammation that occurs with age. This condition is characterized by a change in the expression of proteins involved in the processes of aging and skin regeneration. Hyaluronic acid preparations containing metals have shown their geroprotective effect in the conditions of inflamaging. The aim of the studyto identify key biomarkers of cell aging (the development of inflamaging), as well as to study the effect of a hyaluronic acid-based drug with the presence of magnesium in chelated form (Magniderm-09) on human skin fibroblasts in an inflamaging model to assess its possible geroprotective effect. Material and methods. The study was performed on a culture of skin fibroblasts in a model of inflamaging induced by genotoxic stress. To assess the expression of molecular markers, immunohistochemical analysis of levels of Ki-67, collagen I, III and IV, LOX, ubiquitin, CCN1, IL-8, MMP-3, NF-kB, SIRT1, CD44 was performed. Results. The modeling of inflamaging revealed a decrease in the expression of Ki-67, all types of collagen, LOX, CCN1, SIRT1, CD44, as well as an increase in proinflammatory cytokines – IL-8, NF-kB, MMP-3 and ubiquitin. Administration of the drug "Magniderm-09" returned expression levels to normal values, which indicates its geroprotective effect. Conclusion. A correlation has been revealed between the chemical composition of a hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel preparation with the presence of magnesium in chelated form and the molecular biological changes accompanying the process of cellular aging.
The effect of mexidol on the pro- and antioxidant status of blood cells at the stages of anesthesia and in the postoperative period during cystectomy and nephrectomy
Authors: Mikashinovich Z.I. , Telesmanich N.R. , Smirnova O.B.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In clinical experiments with various pathologies leading to the activation of POL, it was found that one of the most important areas of correction of oxidative stress is the use of drugs with the properties of antioxidants and antihypoxants [6, 7]. Among these drugs, succinic acid and its derivatives deserve special attention, one of which is the synthetic antioxidant mexidol. Objectives. To study the effect of antioxidant drug Mexidol on the dynamics of indicators of lipid peroxidation in pre and postoperative phase in patients, which was shown cystectomy and nephrectomy. Methods. For the study we have chosen two groups of patients, which included patients with pathology of bladder, mostly with tainted tumors. The second group of patients included patients with cancer of the kidney, which was shown nephrectomy. In both groups used different types of anesthesia and premedication with Mexidol. Mexidol was used in the postoperative phase of treatment. To assess the state of the antioxidant system of the organism of patients was determined the activity of antioxidant enzymes – superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as the intensity of free radical oxidation at the level of accumulation of malondialdehyde. All of these parameters were determined in plasma and in red blood cells at the following stages: 1 – before surgery, prior to sedation; 2 – traumatic phase on the background of anesthesia, 3 in the postoperative period for 7–10 days. Results. When comparing the results of the study between groups of patients with malignant tumors of the bladder and oncological diseases of the kidneys, a unidirectional change in the balance of POL /AOS was found: against the background of intensification of free radical oxidation processes, inhibition of the activity of erythrocyte SOD and catalase and an increase in the activity of the same enzymes in blood plasma were recorded. The development of oxidative stress caused by changes in the activity of AOS enzymes was more pronounced in group 2 patients. Conclusion. Patients with malignant tumors of the bladder and kidneys discovered inhibition of the activity of erythrocyte enzymes of the first line of antioxidant defense against increase the intensity of the FLOOR. The use of Mexidol as a protective means during operative intervention, the effects of epidural and endotracheal anesthesia, as well as during postoperative treatment caused stabilization of antioxidant enzymes in blood cells and in plasma, exerting a positive effect on the status of cellular membranes.
Genotoxic effect of SARS-CoV-2 on immunocompetent cells
Authors: Plekhova N.G. , Mikhailov A.O. , Sokotun S.A. , Simakova A.I. , Zmitrovich N.A. , Dmitrenko K.A. , Gudzenko E.V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In present, the medical community continues to study the impact of coronavirus infection on various organs and systems of the body. Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus causes multifaceted pathological processes and, among other things, affects the cells of the circulatory system. Objective: To assess the degree of DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Material and methods. 200 patients took part in the study. The control group consisted of conditionally healthy individuals matched by gender and age (n=50). The degree of DNA damage was assessed using the DNA comet assay in an alkaline medium. The assessment parameters included: tail length (TL) (pc), percentage of damaged DNA in the tail (Tail DNA, %), tail moment (conventional units) and Olive moment (conventional units). Results. The average values of the parameters of comet DNA of patients in the acute period of coronavirus infection were: TL 95.18±5.7 pc, percentage of damaged DNA in the tail (Tail DNA%) 70.82±7.12%, tail moment 68.52±8.58 conventional units, Olive moment 41.11±4.46 conventional units. When comparing the parameters of comet DNA of lymphocytes of conditionally healthy individuals and patients in the acute period of coronavirus infection associated with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, a significant increase (p < 0.001) in these parameters is noted, which indicates an increase in the content of fragmented and damaged DNA in peripheral blood lymphocytes in sick individuals. Conclusion. The obtained results prove the powerful genotoxic effect of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on human cells
Possibilities of non-drug correction of climacteric syndrome: a review
Authors: Moldovanova M. , Marchenkova L. , Borisevich O. , Kotenko N.
Published: December 2024

This publication presents an overview of physical medicine methods and approaches used in the treatment of women with neurovegetative, metabolic, urogenital and psychoemotional disorders that negatively affect the quality of life of patients, family relationships, social functioning, and their ability to work. The principles of therapy for climacteric syndrome are complexity, safety and accessibility, so it seems effective to implement complex treatment programs based on natural and preformed physical factors, as well as therapeutic exercise.
Cramping state of a muscular tissue at passive muscle contraction
Authors: Volobuev A. , Romanchuk P. , Romanchuk N.
Published: December 2024

On the basis of the muscle contraction theory analyses the problem of the "benign cramp» skeletal muscles occurrence is investigated. It is shown, that existing theory of the muscles contraction (the theory of sliding filaments) allows explain occurrence of cramps if to use the standard positions: contraction of a muscle occurs passively, without expenses of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) energy; disconnection of actin-myosin complex in the cellular power mechanism is carried out with use of energy of ATP hydrolysis. The cramp arises with circulatory insufficiency, usually in the lower extremities, which leads to a delay of ATP arrival in area of the actin-myosin complex. This slows down the undocking of myosin bridges from actin filaments. It is noted that the use of magnesium preparations, whose ions partially replace calcium ions with similar chemical properties, reduces the possibility of cramp occurrence.
DERMATOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Nekrasova E. , Dubensky V. , Aleksandrova O. , Muravеva E. , Kurkova V. , Shneyder V.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of skin diseases in patients with carbohydrate metabolism disorders, describes their clinical manifestations and treatment methods. Dermatoses in patients with diabetes mellitus are based on metabolic disorders and its complications in the form of neuropathies and angiopathy, consequences of the introduction of medical drugs into the skin, disruption of microbiota against the background of reduced bactericidal function of the skin. The prevalence of skin lesions directly depends on the duration and severity of diabetes mellitus and existing complications.
Prospects for the use of a combined agent with prebiotic action to improve the effectiveness of type 2 diabetes therapy
Authors: Seliverstov P. , Efimov I. , Kutsenko V. , Klimenko P.
Published: December 2024

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by impaired insulin secretion in the body and loss of tissue sensitivity to it. Treatment of the disease is still not effective enough, which is due to the multifactorial nature of the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, the mechanisms of which have not yet been fully elucidated. Also, the complexity of its treatment is associated with the occurrence of side effects when taking first-line drugs. Among the most important complications is a decrease in the concentration of several groups of vitamins that play a key role in maintaining the health of the body and metabolic processes, including participation in the regulation of blood glucose levels. Studies show that a deficiency of vitamins D, B12, C and some others can increase the risk of developing diabetes progression. Therefore, it is important to maintain a balance of vitamins in the body through proper nutrition or taking vitamin complexes, such as Mezi-Vit Plus.
CURRENT surgical tactics for pulmonary mycobacteriosis and combined mycobacterial infection (mycobacteriosis/pulmonary tuberculosis)
Authors: Chashchina M. , Sadovnikova S. , Karpina N. , Shabalina I. , Zaitseva A. , Bagirov M.
Published: December 2024

Purpose. Determination of surgical tactics for non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) of the lungs and combined mycobacterial infection (NTM/pulmonary tuberculosis [TB]) depending on the clinical manifestations of the disease and data from X-ray and endoscopic examinations. Material and methods. Clinical, radiological and endoscopic data of 145 patients with NTM and concomitant mycobacterial infection (NTM/TB), as well as 150 therapeutic and diagnostic operations performed on patients, were analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups: 1st (n=44) – patients with an initial diagnosis of A16.0 and a diagnosis of NTM established during the study of surgical material; 2nd (n=64) – patients with NTM diagnosed before surgery who received surgical treatment for NTM; 3rd (n=37) – patients with combined NTM/TB pathology. Results. In group 1, there was a low frequency of complaints about bronchopulmonary symptoms and intoxication syndrome, the pathological process in the lungs was characterized as limited, and there was no endobronchial pathology, which made it possible to perform an atypical lung resection in this cohort of patients. In groups 2 and 3, the frequency of complaints about respiratory symptoms was higher, intoxication syndrome and pathological endobronchial picture were more often observed; pathological changes in the tracheobronchial tree were combined with X-ray patterns: a predominance of cavities (in 46.9 and 59.5% of cases, respectively) and bronchiectasis (in 14.9 and 15.5%, respectively) with pulmonary cirrhotic changes. The high prevalence of pathological processes in the tracheobronchial tree and lesions of the pulmonary parenchyma in groups 2 and 3 determines the choice of a radical surgical approach - anatomical resections of various volumes of the lung. In groups 2 and 3, large-volume resections predominated (38.5 and 68.3%, respectively) and complications in the early postoperative period were statistically significantly more common (15.4 and 14.6%, respectively). Conclusion. The obtained data allow us to conclude that surgical methods have a high therapeutic and diagnostic efficiency with a satisfactory safety profile both for mycobacteriosis and for the combination of NTM + TB.
Installation option for the Guedel duct
Authors: Steiner M. , Biktagirov Yu. , Zhestkov A. , Korymasov E. , Krivoshchekov E. , Makova E. , Khoroshilov M.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses preliminary results of using a modified version of the Guedel airway in-stallation (18 installation episodes), which provides greater protection of the airway lumen from de-formation during a strong bite, facilitates temporary removal of the airway and its re-installation if it is necessary to perform bronchoscopy using oral access. The new option involves a permanent posi-tion of the patient's jaws apart due to the preliminary installation of an endoscopic mouthpiece. A preliminary assessment of the results allows us to talk about achieving the set goals.
Correlation analysis of functional examination methods in the dynamics of relief of hypertonicity of the masticatory muscles in the experiment
Authors: Shkarin V. , Yarygina E.
Published: December 2024

Orofacial pain syndrome is an urgent problem in dentistry, due to the multifactorial and polyetiological nature of the disease. One of the causes of myofascial pain syndrome is hypertonicity of the masticatory muscles, which determines the direction diagnostics and treatment. Objective. Correlation analysis of functional diagnostic methods in the dynamics of relief of hypertonicity of the masticatory muscles in an experiment. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, an experimental study was conducted on 30 laboratory male Wistar rats. To simulate muscle hypertonicity, a 10% calcium chloride solution was injected into the area of the masticatory muscle on the right and left. In order to influence the area of hypertonicity, ozonation was carried out using the Ozotron apparatus. To assess the effectiveness of the impact, electromyographic and laser doppler flowmetry (LDF) studies were carried out before the introduction of a 10% calcium chloride solution, immediately after ozonation, after 3, 7 and 14 days. Results. Experimentally, based on the analysis of data from electromyographic and LDF-metric studies, a direct relationship between the state of local blood flow and the functional activity of the masticatory muscles has been proven. With an increase in the average amplitude of the masticatory and temporal muscles, spastic disturbances of the bloodstream are observed, thus, microcirculatory disorders play a key role in the regulation of muscle tone and the distribution of blood flow. Conclusion. The experiment proved the indirect effect of ozone therapy on the functional state of the masticatory muscles in laboratory animals, which justifies the feasibility of conducting a clinical study in the treatment of patients with muscle hypertonicity.
Malnutrition is an important factor in the development of protein-energy malnutrition in patients on program hemodialysis: yes or no?
Authors: Yakovenko A. , Lavrishcheva Yu. , Ivanova N. , Belskikh A.
Published: December 2024

The development of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) in patients on program hemodialysis is one of the pressing health problems. However, today there is no single point of view on the mechanisms of development of PEM in this cohort of patients. Purpose. To evaluate the impact of malnutrition in the pathogenesis of PEM in patients receiving treatment with program hemodialysis. Material and methods. The study involved 645 patients receiving treatment with program hemodialysis (300 men and 345 women). Results. Signs of malnutrition were observed in 61 (9.5%) patients, including inadequate protein intake in 27 (4.19%), inadequate energy intake in the diet in 21 (3.26%), inadequate protein intake and inadequate energy intake in the diet – in 13 (2.02%). In patients with inadequate protein intake and inadequate energy supply in the diet, according to the food diary, statistically significantly lower values of the main indicators of nutritional status were revealed compared to the group of patients with adequate protein intake and energy supply in the diet. Conclusion. Malnutrition remains one of the significant factors in the development of PEM in patients on hemodialysis.
NUMBER OF CASES OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISEASES AMONG THE ADULT POPULATION
Authors: Sagitova E. , Kravcova O.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the accounting form No. 12 “Information on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the service area of a medical organization” of one adult clinic in Orenburg according to the number of cases of respiratory system diseases among the adult population for 2018–2022
PENGEMBANGAN USAHA DIVERSIFIKASI PRODUK PERIKANAN (NUGGET IKAN DAN TAHU BAKSO) DI KELOMPOK UMKM BUBULA KELURAHAN JAMBULA
Authors: Andriani Rovina , Abdullah Nursanti , Muchdar Fatma , Juharni Juharni , Suryani Suryani , Yuliana Yuliana , M. Irfan M. Irfan , Leha Alicia W , Ishak Safira , Yusuf Masri , Titaheluw Syahnul Sardi
Published: December 2024

Deversifikasi olahan ikan menjadi produk olahan nugget dan tahu bakso merupakan salah satu motifasi baru untuk memperkenalkan produk perikanan kepada kelompok Usaha Bubula bahwa ikan yang biasanya digoreng, dibakar, diasap, dikeringkan atau dimasak dalam bentuk utuh dapat dioleh menjadi makanan atau cemilan yang bergizi yang dapat dikonsumsi oleh anak-anak, orang dewasa, dan usia lanjut serta diversifikasi produk olahan hasil perikanan seperti nugget ikan dan tahu-bakso dapat dijadikan tambahan usaha untuk meningkatkan ekonomi kelompok usaha. Tujuan dari kegiatan PKM ini yaitu; 1). Mengenalkan ikan sebagai bahan pangan yang mengandung aspek gizi tinggi, 2). Memberikan pemahaman tentang manfaat ikan untuk kesehatan keluarga dan kecerdasan anak, 3). Menanamkan minat untuk menyukai ikan sebagai makanan sehari-hari, 4). Meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan dalam pembuatan diversifikasi produk hasil perikanan sehingga meningkatkan konsumsi dan ekonomi masyarakat. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada Bulan Juli 2024 yang bertempat di Kelompok UMKM Bubula Kelurahan Jambula dengan melibatkan anggota kelompok UMKM Bubula berjumlah 8 orang serta mahasiswa KKN Kubermas sebanyak 6 orang. Metode yang digunakan yaitu penyampaian teori tentang produk nugget ikan dan tahu bakso dengan membagikan modul pelatihan kepada peserta untuk memudahkan pemahaman materi pelatihan serta langsung mempraktikkan membuat produk tahu bakso dan nugget ikan. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menghasilkan dua produk olahan baru yaitu nugget ikan dan tahu bakso yang dapat memberikan banyak manfaat untuk kelompok UMKM Bubula, salah satunya yaitu dapat meningkatkan pendapatan ekonomi kelompok dan peningkatan konsumsi ikan di kalangan keluarga maupun masyarakat luas. Dengan adanya pelatihan diversifikasi kedua olahan ini kepada kelompok usaha UMKM Bubula di harapkan dapat menjadi usaha baru untuk peningkatan ekonomi keluarga dan peningkatan konsumsi ikan untuk semua kalangan.