bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid laser diode with ultrawide wavelength-tunable range using curved directional couplers
Authors: Iwanaga Kissho , Tomimura Yuga , Kita Tomohiro
Published: September 2023

Wavelength-tunable laser diode with a wide tuning range is required for optical communication systems and optical sensing. External cavity laser diodes with silicon-photonic wire waveguides and ring resonators have small footprint because of high refractive index contrast between Si. However, power coupling efficiency κ of conventional straight directional coupler between ring and bus waveguides have large wavelength dependence, which lowers tunable range. In this study, we demonstrate a hybrid wavelength-tunable laser diode using curved directional couplers, whose wavelength dependence on κ is low. The wavelength-tunable range record of 120.9 nm has been achieved. In addition, curved directional couplers are tolerant of waveguide width fabrication error.
Numerical implementation of three-dimensional vectorial complex ray model and application to rainbow scattering of spheroidal drops
Authors: Duan Qingwei , Onofri Fabrice R. A. , Han Xiang’e , Ren Kuan Fang
Published: September 2023

The rainbow patterns of oblate spheroidal drops have been observed in experiments nearly forty years ago [Nature 312, 529 (1984)10.1038/312529a0]. However, the prediction for those complex patterns has been a challenge for conventional light scattering models. The vectorial complex ray model (VCRM) allows to account for the direction, the polarization, the phase, the amplitude and the wavefront curvature of waves and provides a powerful tool for the study of the light/electromagnetic wave interaction with a homogeneous object of any shape with smooth surface. In [Opt. Lett. 46, 4585 (2021)10.1364/OL.434149], the authors have reported an important breakthrough of VCRM for the three-dimensional scattering (VCRM3D) and the simulated rainbow patterns of oblate drops. The present paper is devoted to the detailed description of the numerical implementation allowing the simulation of the 3D scattering field by a nonspherical particle. Its ability to predict both the fine and coarse intensity structures of the rainbows and the near-backward scattering patterns of spheroids is demonstrated. This work opens perspectives for exploring the 3D scattering characteristics of large objects with any smooth shape and developing relevant optical techniques for particle characterization.
Modified Kramers-Kronig receiver based on memory polynomial compensation for photonics-assisted millimeter-wave communications
Authors: Wen Zhuo-Yue , Yang Fan , Jiang Hao , Liu Yang , Chen Feiliang , Li Mo , Zhang Jian
Published: September 2023

Photonics-assisted millimeter-wave (MMW) wireless communications are advancing rapidly driven by the escalating congestion in the lower-band spectrum and the growing demand for higher data rates. Concurrently, Kramers-Kronig (KK) receivers provide an economical solution ideally suited for cost-sensitive deployment and application. However, the conventional KK receiver is subject to performance degradation due to the nonlinearity and memory effects introduced by practical electronic devices. In this work, the performance degradation of the conventional KK receiver is investigated and quantitatively simulated, showing that the KK receiver exhibits greater sensitivity to nonlinearity and memory effects compared to the conventional coherent receiver. To enhance the performance of KK receivers deployed in MMW communication systems, we propose a modified KK receiver employing memory polynomial compensation, namely MP-KK receiver, capable of effectively compensating memory effects whilst simultaneously addressing nonlinearity. Crucially, the memory polynomial model is employed prior to the KK algorithm to prevent further signal degradation caused by the nonlinear operator in the KK algorithm in the scenario of photonics-assisted MMW wireless communication based on the KK receiver. For verification, we present a 95 GHz W-band MMW wireless transmission demonstration with 20 Gb/s QPSK and 40 Gb/s 16-QAM signals. The experimental results indicate that the MP-KK receiver can achieve more than 3.5 dB improvement in EVM and 71.25% reduction in BER compared to the conventional approaches.
Polarization-resolved broadband dielectric properties of an undoped β-Ga2O3 (100) crystal in the visible to terahertz regions
Authors: Unuma Takeya , Maruyama Oudai , Yubuta Kunio , Sugawara Takamasa , Toyota Hideyuki , Kato Ariyuki
Published: September 2023

We investigate broadband dielectric properties of an undoped β-Ga2O3 (100) crystal by polarization-resolved transmission spectroscopy in the visible to terahertz regions. We observe average transmittances higher than 0.80 together with a slight birefringence for wavelengths below 6.0 μm (wavenumbers above 1660 cm−1), polarization-dependent stopbands for 12.5–65.0 μm (800–154 cm−1) indicative of reststrahlen bands, and a substantial birefringence for frequencies of 2.0–0.29 THz (66–9.8 cm−1). We find that the high transparency is a useful property for optical windows, while infrared vibrations responsible for the stopbands are significantly anisotropic and induce the terahertz birefringence.
Control of dual-wavelength laser emission via optical feedback phase tuning
Authors: Pawlus Robert , Breuer Stefan , Virte Martin
Published: September 2023

We propose and demonstrate a technique to control the balance between the two amplitudes of a dual-wavelength laser based on a phase-controlled optical feedback. The feedback cavity length is adjusted to achieve a relative phase shift between the desired emission wavelengths, introducing a boost in gain for one wavelength while the other wavelength experiences additional losses. Tuning the optical feedback phase proves to be an effective way to control the gain and losses, and, thus, to select one or balance the amplitude of the two emission wavelengths. This concept can be easily adapted to any platform, wavelength range and wavelength separations providing that a sufficient carrier coupling and gain can be obtained for each mode. To demonstrate the feasibility and to evaluate the performance of this approach, we have implemented two dual-wavelength lasers with different spectral separations together with individual optical feedback loops onto a InP generic foundry platform emitting around 1550 nm. An electro-optical-phase-modulator is used to tune the feedback phase. With this single control parameter, we successfully achieved extinction ratios of up to 38.6 dB for a 10 nm wavelength separation and up to 49 dB for a 1 nm wavelength separation.
Physiological potential and evolutionary trajectories of syntrophic sulfate-reducing bacterial partners of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea
Authors: Murali Ranjani , Yu Hang , Speth Daan R. , Wu Fabai , Metcalfe Kyle S. , Crémière Antoine , Laso-Pèrez Rafael , Malmstrom Rex R. , Goudeau Danielle , Woyke Tanja , Hatzenpichler Roland , Chadwick Grayson L. , Connon Stephanie A. , Orphan Victoria J.
Published: September 2023

Sulfate-coupled anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is performed by multicellular consortia of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) in obligate syntrophic partnership with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Diverse ANME and SRB clades co-associate but the physiological basis for their adaptation and diversification is not well understood. In this work, we used comparative metagenomics and phylogenetics to investigate the metabolic adaptation among the 4 main syntrophic SRB clades (HotSeep-1, Seep-SRB2, Seep-SRB1a, and Seep-SRB1g) and identified features associated with their syntrophic lifestyle that distinguish them from their non-syntrophic evolutionary neighbors in the phylum Desulfobacterota. We show that the protein complexes involved in direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) from ANME to the SRB outer membrane are conserved between the syntrophic lineages. In contrast, the proteins involved in electron transfer within the SRB inner membrane differ between clades, indicative of convergent evolution in the adaptation to a syntrophic lifestyle. Our analysis suggests that in most cases, this adaptation likely occurred after the acquisition of the DIET complexes in an ancestral clade and involve horizontal gene transfers within pathways for electron transfer (CbcBA) and biofilm formation (Pel). We also provide evidence for unique adaptations within syntrophic SRB clades, which vary depending on the archaeal partner. Among the most widespread syntrophic SRB, Seep-SRB1a, subclades that specifically partner ANME-2a are missing the cobalamin synthesis pathway, suggestive of nutritional dependency on its partner, while closely related Seep-SRB1a partners of ANME-2c lack nutritional auxotrophies. Our work provides insight into the features associated with DIET-based syntrophy and the adaptation of SRB towards it.
Pilot randomized clinical trial of virtual reality pain management during adult burn dressing changes: Lessons learned
Authors: Armstrong Megan , Coffey Rebecca , Luna John , Xiang Henry
Published: September 2023

Opioids are the most frequently used pain medications by US burn centers to control severe procedural pain during wound care. Concerns for long-term opioid use have prompted the exploration of non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as virtual reality (VR), for procedural pain management. The primary objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of VR pain alleviation treatment in reducing adult burn patients’ perceived pain during burn dressing changes. Adult patients aged 18–70 years were recruited from the inpatient unit of a single American Burn Association–verified burn center between May 2019 and February 2020 and randomly assigned to one of three arms. Active VR participants played four VR games; passive VR participants were immersed in the same VR environment without the interaction elements; and a standard of care control group. 71 patients were screened for eligibility and 33 were deemed eligible to approach for informed consent, with 14 agreeing to participate in this study. Of these 14 patients, 4 were randomly assigned to the active VR, 4 to the passive VR, and 6 to the control group. Self-reported overall pain was lowest among participants in the active VR (dressing 1 = 41.3, dressing 2 = 61.0, and dressing 3 = 72.7) and highest among participants in the passive VR (dressing 1 = 58.3, dressing 2 = 74.5, and dressing 3 = 89.0) across all three dressing changes. Self-reported worst pain was lowest among the active VR at the first and last dressing (64.3 and 92.2, respectively), but the control group has the lowest self-reported worst pain at the second dressing (71.3). VR is a useful non-pharmacological tool for pain distraction but designing and implementing clinical research studies face many challenges in real-world medical settings. Lessons from this study have important implications for future VR studies by other researchers.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04545229.
Spatial regulation of Drosophila ovarian Follicle Stem Cell division rates and cell cycle transitions
Authors: Melamed David , Choi Aaron , Reilein Amy , Tavaré Simon , Kalderon Daniel
Published: September 2023

Drosophila ovarian Follicle Stem Cells (FSCs) present a favorable paradigm for understanding how stem cell division and differentiation are balanced in communities where those activities are independent. FSCs also allow exploration of how this balance is integrated with spatial stem cell heterogeneity. Posterior FSCs become proliferative Follicle Cells (FCs), while anterior FSCs become quiescent Escort Cells (ECs) at about one fourth the frequency. A single stem cell can nevertheless produce both FCs and ECs because it can move between anterior and posterior locations. Studies based on EdU incorporation to approximate division rates suggested that posterior FSCs divide faster than anterior FSCs. However, direct measures of cell cycle times are required to ascertain whether FC output requires a net flow of FSCs from anterior to posterior. Here, by using live imaging and FUCCI cell-cycle reporters, we measured absolute division rates. We found that posterior FSCs cycle more than three times faster than anterior FSCs and produced sufficient new cells to match FC production. H2B-RFP dilution studies supported different cycling rates according to A/P location and facilitated live imaging, showing A/P exchange of FSCs in both directions, consistent with the dynamic equilibrium inferred from division rate measurements. Inversely graded Wnt and JAK-STAT pathway signals regulate FSC differentiation to ECs and FCs. JAK-STAT promotes both differentiation to FCs and FSC cycling, affording some coordination of these activities. When JAK-STAT signaling was manipulated to be spatially uniform, the ratio of posterior to anterior division rates was reduced but remained substantial, showing that graded JAK-STAT signaling only partly explains the graded cycling of FSCs. By using FUCCI markers, we found a prominent G2/M cycling restriction of posterior FSCs together with an A/P graded G1/S restriction, that JAK-STAT signaling promotes both G1/S and G2/M transitions, and that PI3 kinase signaling principally stimulates the G2/M transition.
Posting patterns in peer online support forums and their associations with emotions and mood in bipolar disorder: Exploratory analysis
Authors: Jagfeld Glorianna , Lobban Fiona , Davies Robert , Boyd Ryan L. , Rayson Paul , Jones Steven
Published: September 2023

Background

Mental health (MH) peer online forums offer robust support where internet access is common, but healthcare is not, e.g., in countries with under-resourced MH support, rural areas, and during pandemics. Despite their widespread use, little is known about who posts in such forums, and in what mood states. The discussion platform Reddit is ideally suited to study this as it hosts forums (subreddits) for MH and non-MH topics. In bipolar disorder (BD), where extreme mood states are core defining features, mood influences are particularly relevant.

Objectives

This exploratory study investigated posting patterns of Reddit users with a self-reported BD diagnosis and the associations between posting and emotions, specifically: 1) What proportion of the identified users posts in MH versus non-MH subreddits? 2) What differences exist in the emotions that they express in MH or non-MH subreddit posts? 3) How does mood differ between those users who post in MH subreddits compared to those who only post in non-MH subreddits?

Methods

Reddit users were automatically identified via self-reported BD diagnosis statements and all their 2005–2019 posts were downloaded. First, the percentages of users who posted only in MH (non-MH) subreddits were calculated. Second, affective vocabulary use was compared in MH versus non-MH subreddits by measuring the frequency of words associated with positive emotions, anxiety, sadness, anger, and first-person singular pronouns via the LIWC text analysis tool. Third, a logistic regression distinguished users who did versus did not post in MH subreddits, using the same LIWC variables (measured from users’ non-MH subreddit posts) as predictors, controlling for age, gender, active days, and mean posts/day.

Results

1) Two thirds of the identified 19,685 users with a self-reported BD diagnosis posted in both MH and non-MH subreddits. 2) Users who posted in both MH and non-MH subreddits exhibited less positive emotion but more anxiety and sadness and used more first-person singular pronouns in their MH subreddit posts. 3) Feminine gender, higher positive emotion, anxiety, and sadness were significantly associated with posting in MH subreddits.

Conclusions

Many Reddit users who disclose a BD diagnosis use a single account to discuss MH and other concerns. Future work should determine whether users exhibit more anxiety and sadness in their MH subreddit posts because they more readily post in MH subreddits when experiencing lower mood or because they feel more able to express negative emotions in these spaces. MH forums may reflect the views of people who experience more extreme mood (outside of MH subreddits) compared to people who do not post in MH subreddits. These findings can be useful for MH professionals to discuss online forums with their clients. For example, they may caution them that forums may underrepresent people living well with BD.
Preliminary efficacy of aerobic training among university students with migraine symptoms: Study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Selvakumar Kiruthika , Lee Fan Tan , Chai Nien Foo , Hou Kit Mun
Published: September 2023

Background

Migraine is a primary neurological headache. Treatment of this condition includes medications; however, these medications, when given for a longer duration, can have side effects. If migraine is left untreated or undiagnosed, it is reported that around 2.5% of individuals with migraine may develop to have a chronic condition. This study aims to analyse the preliminary effectiveness of aerobic training on migraine pain level, sleep quality, quality of life, and resting-state brain waves among university students with migraine symptoms.

Methodology

88 university students with migraine symptoms are the target participants. 4 of 5 on the Migraine Screen Questionnaire, 5 of 7 on the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (ICHD-3), and both genders aged 18–40 years will be included. The participants with a score of more than or equal to 5 on the visual aura rating scale, diagnosed with a secondary headache, pregnancy, medication for neurological and cardiorespiratory conditions, and unwilling to participate will be excluded. Based on the disability questionnaire, the participants will be randomly assigned to either of the three groups. The primary outcome is resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) brain, and the secondary outcomes are sleep quality, quality of life, and migraine pain level. The post-test assessments will be performed at week 6.

Result

After the primary EEG analysis using MATLAB, the amplitude, frequency, frequency band ratio, and power spectrum density will be analysed. Mixed design analysis and intention-to-treat analysis will be used to assess the efficacy of aerobic training.

Discussion

Migraines can be unpredictable, sometimes occurring without symptoms. If underdiagnosed or over-looked, it encompasses a serious of long-term effects. Hence with appropriate intervention, the symptoms can be prevented from worsening. But there is an unmet need for evidence-based non-pharmacological approaches to complement pharmacotherapy in migraine prevention. Moreover, an exercise intervention may be more suitable for people with migraine considering their tendency toward inactivity. Although some studies developed exercise programs for untrained patients with migraine, the outcome was primarily in terms of exercise capacity rather than the primary characteristics and secondary brain wave/ sleep quality changes, indicating the need for this study.
CD44-SNA1 integrated cytopathology for delineation of high grade dysplastic and neoplastic oral lesions
Authors: Sunny Sumsum P. , D. R. Ravindra , Hariharan Aditi , Mukhia Nirza , Gurudath Shubha , G. Keerthi , Raghavan Subhashini , Kolur Trupti , Shetty Vivek , R. Vidya Bushan , Surolia Avadhesha , T. Satyajit , Chandrashekhar Pavithra , R. Nisheena , Pandya Hardik J. , Pillai Vijay , N. Praveen Birur , Kuriakose Moni A. , Suresh Amritha
Published: September 2023

The high prevalence of oral potentially-malignant disorders exhibits diverse severity and risk of malignant transformation, which mandates a Point-of-Care diagnostic tool. Low patient compliance for biopsies underscores the need for minimally-invasive diagnosis. Oral cytology, an apt method, is not clinically applicable due to a lack of definitive diagnostic criteria and subjective interpretation. The primary objective of this study was to identify and evaluate the efficacy of biomarkers for cytology-based delineation of high-risk oral lesions. A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of biomarkers recognized a panel of markers (n: 10) delineating dysplastic oral lesions. In this observational cross sectional study, immunohistochemical validation (n: 131) identified a four-marker panel, CD44, Cyclin D1, SNA-1, and MAA, with the best sensitivity (>75%; AUC>0.75) in delineating benign, hyperplasia, and mild-dysplasia (Low Risk Lesions; LRL) from moderate-severe dysplasia (High Grade Dysplasia: HGD) along with cancer. Independent validation by cytology (n: 133) showed that expression of SNA-1 and CD44 significantly delineate HGD and cancer with high sensitivity (>83%). Multiplex validation in another cohort (n: 138), integrated with a machine learning model incorporating clinical parameters, further improved the sensitivity and specificity (>88%). Additionally, image automation with SNA-1 profiled data set also provided a high sensitivity (sensitivity: 86%). In the present study, cytology with a two-marker panel, detecting aberrant glycosylation and a glycoprotein, provided efficient risk stratification of oral lesions. Our study indicated that use of a two-biomarker panel (CD44/SNA-1) integrated with clinical parameters or SNA-1 with automated image analysis (Sensitivity >85%) or multiplexed two-marker panel analysis (Sensitivity: >90%) provided efficient risk stratification of oral lesions, indicating the significance of biomarker-integrated cytopathology in the development of a Point-of-care assay.
CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV replication in M3+ Mauritian cynomolgus macaques initiated on ART two weeks post-infection
Authors: Harwood Olivia E. , Matschke Lea M. , Moriarty Ryan V. , Balgeman Alexis J. , Weaver Abigail J. , Ellis-Connell Amy L. , Weiler Andrea M. , Winchester Lee C. , Fletcher Courtney V. , Friedrich Thomas C. , Keele Brandon F. , O’Connor David H. , Lang Jessica D. , Reynolds Matthew R. , O’Connor Shelby L.
Published: September 2023

Sustainable HIV remission after antiretroviral therapy (ART) withdrawal, or post-treatment control (PTC), remains a top priority for HIV treatment. We observed surprising PTC in an MHC-haplomatched cohort of MHC-M3+ SIVmac239+ Mauritian cynomolgus macaques (MCMs) initiated on ART at two weeks post-infection (wpi). None of the MCMs possessed MHC haplotypes previously associated with SIV control. For six months after ART withdrawal, we observed undetectable or transient viremia in seven of the eight MCMs, despite detecting replication competent SIV using quantitative viral outgrowth assays. In vivo depletion of CD8α+ cells induced rebound in all animals, indicating the observed PTC was mediated, at least in part, by CD8α+ cells. With intact proviral DNA assays, we found that MCMs had significantly smaller viral reservoirs two wpi than a cohort of identically infected rhesus macaques, a population that rarely develops PTC. We found a similarly small viral reservoir among six additional SIV+ MCMs in which ART was initiated at eight wpi, some of whom exhibited viral rebound. These results suggest that an unusually small viral reservoir is a hallmark among SIV+ MCMs. By evaluating immunological differences between MCMs that did and did not rebound, we identified that PTC was associated with a reduced frequency of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subsets expressing exhaustion markers. Together, these results suggest a combination of small reservoirs and immune-mediated virus suppression contribute to PTC in MCMs. Further, defining the immunologic mechanisms that engender PTC in this model may identify therapeutic targets for inducing durable HIV remission in humans.
¿Memoria o historia? Sobre cómo abordar la historia del terrorismo en España a través de la música contestataria
Authors: Mota Zurdo David , Illescas Díaz Laura
Published: September 2023

Este artículo es una propuesta analítica y didáctica sobre cómo afrontar el estudio de la memoria y la historia del terrorismo en las aulas de Historia. Para ello, se parte de una propuesta didáctica basada en los estudios culturales con una finalidad: que el alumnado disponga de instrumentos de aprendizaje próximos a la cultura juvenil. El objetivo de este acercamiento es conocer la memoria del terrorismo de ETA y grupos afines a través de las letras de los grupos de la escena rock alternativa y/o contestataria, próxima a las tesis de la extrema izquierda y/o del nacionalismo vasco radical, y, por consiguiente, enseñar al alumnado a utilizar las herramientas del historiador para combatir mitos y complejizar su conocimiento sobre la materia.
Jatkuvan kasvatuksen ja tasaikäismetsätalouden vaikutus metsäisten valuma-alueiden vesistökuormitukseen Suomessa
Authors: Nieminen Mika , Pukkala Timo , Stenberg Leena , Sarkkola Sakari , Vihonen Aleksi , Valkeapää Annukka
Published: September 2023

Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin prosessimallinnukseen ja kokeellisiin tutkimuksiin perustuen jatkuvan kasvatuksen ja tasaikäismetsätalouden vaikutusta metsäisiltä valuma-alueilta tapahtuvaan typpi- ja fosforikuormitukseen. Laskennan perustana oli, että metsätalouden vaikutus vesistökuormitukseen koostuu soiden ensiojituksen pitkäaikaiskuormituksesta eli ojituslisästä ja kivennäismaiden ja ojitettujen soiden hakkuiden ja lannoitusten sekä soiden kunnostusojitusten aiheuttamasta lyhytaikaisesta kuormituksesta. Laskennan lähtöaineistona käytettiin Metsään.fi-tietokannan metsävaratietoja. Tulosten perusteella siirtyminen tasaikäismetsätaloudesta jatkuvaan kasvatukseen vähentäisi metsätalouden vesistökuormitusta selvästi sekä noudatettaessa metsänhoidon suositusten mukaisia hakkuuohjeita että silloin, kun hakkuumäärät ovat nykyisellä tasolla. Eri maakunnista kuormitus vähenisi eniten Kanta-Hämeessä ja vähiten Lapissa. Kuormitus ojitetuilta soilta on huomattavasti suurempaa kuin kivennäismailta, mutta siirtyminen jatkuvaan kasvatukseen vähentäisi hehtaarikohtaista kuormitusta kuitenkin suunnilleen saman verran kivennäismailla ja soilla seuraavan viiden vuosikymmenen aikana. Jatkuvan kasvatuksen ja tasaikäismetsätalouden kuormituseroja ojitetuilla soilla pienentää se, että nuorissa tasaikäismetsätalouden metsissä vedenpinta on korkealla, mikä pienentää ojituslisää. Jatkuvan kasvatuksen ja tasaikäismetsätalouden vesistövaikutusten arvioinnin kehittämiseksi tarvitaan edelleen kokeellisia tutkimuksia erityisesti erilaisista hakkuu- ja maanmuokkausmenetelmistä sekä ojitettujen soiden huuhtoumiin vaikuttavista prosesseista.
Recent Advances in Childhood Asthma
Authors: Sastroasmoro Sudigdo
Published: September 2023

Research in bronchial asthma shows striking advances in the last fifteen years.

In recent years, advances in immunology and the introduction of beta adrenergic theory (neuro-humoral theory) lead to a new and comprehensive understanding on the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of asthma.

Physiological changes in asthma are particularly concerning the affection of smaller air ways, the goal of the newer methods is to find the most sensitive and reliable method to detect small airway alteration.

The current advances in the treatment of asthma are the sympathomimetic amines and the related compounds. The use of steroid, sodium cromoglycate and immunotherapy will be reviewed in this paper.
Önvezető járművek hatása a turizmusra hazai szakértők szemével
Authors: Ásványi Katalin , Miskolczi Márk , Kökény László , Jászberényi Melinda
Published: September 2023

Az önvezető járművek közeljövőben várható elterjedése alapjaiban változtathatja meg a turizmussal kapcsolatos  mobilitási  lehetőségeket.  A  kutatás  célja,  hogy  rendszerezze  az  automatizálás  várható turisztikai hatásait, és feltárja, hogy a turizmus különböző területein dolgozó szakértők hogyan látják az előttünk álló technológiai fejlődést. A szakértők (n=21) véleményét a Q-módszertannal elemeztük, mely alapján négy véleménycsoportot különböztettünk meg. A szakértők egy optimista, technológiaorientált csoportja úgy látja, hogy az önvezető járművekkel történő városnézés már a közeljövőben megjelenhet niche szolgáltatásként. A szakértők lassú fejlődést jósló, akadálymentesítésre összpontosító csoportja hangsúlyozta,  hogy  az  önvezető  járművek  terjedése  javíthatja  az  infrastrukturálisan  fejlett  úti  célok elérhetőségét.  A  mobilitás-szolgáltatás-orientált  csoport  szerint  az  önvezető  járművek  használata a  mobilitás  tekintetében  megszokottá  válhat,  de  a  más  turisztikai  szolgáltatásokra  gyakorolt  hatása marginális lesz. A lehetséges negatív hatások miatt a szakértők szkeptikus csoportja úgy véli, hogy az önvezető járművek nem válnak széleskörben elterjedtté a turizmusban. A turisztikai szakértők attitűdjei alapján kialakított csoportok segíthetik a jövőbeni turizmusfejlesztési stratégiák előkészítését.
Digitális nomádok – napjaink divatos kifejezése vagy a holnap utazói?
Authors: Pfening Ágota
Published: September 2023

A Covid19-világjárvány felgyorsította az újszerű munkarendek, többek között a távmunka elterjedését, ami a digitális technológiák által támogatott nomád életmód egyik legfontosabb ösztönzőjévé vált. A digitális nomádok megkérdőjelezik a munka és a szabadidő hagyományos dichotóm nézetét, helyette az álomélet eszményét hirdetik. Utazás közben dolgoznak, és munka közben utaznak, így ötvözve a jövedelemszerzést a szórakozással. Jogosan merül fel tehát a kérdés, vajon tekinthető-e ez a csoport turisztikai szegmensnek, vagy csak napjaink egy felkapott kifejezéséről van szó. Az alábbi tanulmány célja, hogy a digitális nomadizmust elhelyezze a turizmus rendszerében, és ezzel átfogó perspektívát adjon a téma kutatási kategóriaként való megalapozásához a hazai szakirodalomban, illetve felhívja a gyakorlati szakemberek figyelmét a digitális nomádok, mint posztmodern turisztikai szegmensben rejlő lehetőségekre.
SUSTAINABILITY OF THE SOCIETY THROUGH GREEN HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Authors: DANLADI NSON YILKES
Published: September 2023

Purpose This study attempts to evaluate and fill the knowledge gap by providing empirical evidence of the relationship between green HRM practices (Green recruitment and selection; green training and development; green performance management and appraisal; green pay and reward, and green involvement) and environmental performance based on the theory of Resources based view, Dynamic capabilities theory and Triple bottom line theory.

Design/methodology/approach A detailed review of empirical and conceptual articles related to the topic was the adopted methodology. An eclectic analysis and synthesis of the evidence guided the development and presentation of the framework as proposed.

Findings Empirical review of the related studies reveals that green HRM practices positively determine sustainability of the society through corporate organization adoption of environmental practices. Based on the theoretical foundation of the study, Green human resources management practices is proposed to have a direct link on sustainability of the society and an indirect link mediated by environmental practices. Controllable variables proposed include age, sex, size, level of education, work experience and feedback.

Research limitations/implications Green human resources management practices is conceived as an experienced construct conceptualized as the used of the basic well-known concepts of HRM, its policies, practices, systems, objectives, functions, processes, activities, and strategies in an environmentally friendly manner that is mutually beneficial to both the individual, the society, the natural environment, and the business organization.

Practical Implications The study provides a framework of green human resources management practices, sustainability of the society and adoption of environmental practices as mediating variable.

Originality/value The framework extends the ontological field of green human resources management practices (green recruitment and selection; training and development; performance management and appraisal; pay and reward, and involvement) which can be validated by empirical research.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH THE FRUIT ROT OF PINEAPPLE (
Ananascomosus) IN WUKARI, AND CONTROL USING PLANT EXTRACT
(Moringa Oleifera).
Authors: Tyohemba Stephen
Published: September 2023

Pineapple is a wonderful tropical fruit having exceptional juiciness, vibrant tropical flavor and immense health benefits. Pineapple contains considerable amount of calcium, potassium, vitamin C, carbohydrates, crude fibre, water and different minerals that is good for the digestive system and helps in maintaining ideal weight and balanced nutrition. However, postharvest fungal diseases reduce fruit quality and cause severe losses of pineapple. This study was carried out in Wukari to isolate and identify the fungi associated with the fruit rot of pineapple and control using plant extract (Moringa Oleifera). A total of three (3) fruits were randomly collected and sampled from three markets in Wukari. Fungi associated with the infected fruits were isolated using potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) culture medium. Aspergillus sp and Penicilliim sp were the fungi found to be responsible for the fruit rot of pineapple in Wukari. The results from the pathogenicity tests of Aspergillus sp and Penicillium sp, on healthy fruits of pineapple have established that the fungal isolates were pathogenic on the pineapple used in this study, with varying degrees of pathogenicity. Aqueous extract of Moringa (Moringa Oleifera) was used to control the mycelial growth of the pathogens in the PDA medium at different concentrations (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%). All the concentrations of the extract were effective against the mycelial growth of the test pathogens. The effects were proportional to the concentrations and vary among the fungi. 20% concentration was observed to have the highest percentage inhibition for Aspergillus sp followed by 40%,60% and 80% respectively. For Penicillium sp, 20% have the highest growth inhibition (93.3%), followed by 60%,40% and 80% respectively. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in the inhibition of mycelial growth among the different concentrations.
Sesiones de interioridad en el aula
Authors: Santana Gallo Begoña
Published: September 2023

En este artículo queremos destacar la importancia del descubrimiento y conocimiento de las emociones y sentimientos de cada uno de nuestros alumnos. Para ello, y partiendo de la concienciación y formación del personal docente, proponemos una serie de dinámicas y sesiones estructuradas encaminadas a dotar a los chicos y chicas de herramientas de autoconocimiento y autogestión que les permitan manejar sus emociones y aumentar la confianza en ellos mismos. Un trabajo de acompañamiento y de trabajo del “SER” desde los 3 años hasta los 18.
Neighborhood selection using the analytical network process method for the capacitated vehicle routing problems
Authors: Takan Melis Alpaslan , Öztürk Zehra Kamışlı
Published: September 2023

Highlights:

Analytical Network Process (ANP) is, for the first time, applied to select the best neighborhood structure of CVRP.
ANP considers tangible and intangible criteria and relationships between criteria.
Computational results indicate the importance of applying ANP.
ANP examines the behaviors of the test problems by considering different criteria.

Goal: This scientific research article focuses on developing a performance measurement framework for selecting the neighborhood structure of the capacitated vehicle routing problem using the ANP.  The study aims to analyze the studied VRP as a multi criteria decision making process to determine the most efficient neighborhood structure.
Design / Methodology / Approach:  The first step was using the different neighborhood operators of the vehicle routing problem which were 2-opt, swap, and insert to analyze the problem as a multi criteria decision making process to determine the most efficient neighborhood structure for the problem under study. Secondly, ANP model was developed for the regarding problem to compare these structures to find the best one for the problem.
Results:  The results demonstrate that 2-opt is the best alternative for the studied CVRP. The studied approach can be used for any other type of the vehicle routing problems.
Limitation of the investigation:  Thirty-three test problems were determined for three different neighborhood structures. All calculation results were given in detail for comparison on different test problems taken from the literature.
Practical implications: The significant contribution of this study is to help logistics companies select the most appropriate neighborhood structure to be used in solving the problem to get quality results in a very short time
Originality / Value:  To the best of our knowledge, in the literature, there has not been any research comparing the effects of neighborhood structures on the vehicle routing problem by analyzing ANP methodology.
Turkey Between the East and the West: Political Preference or Pragmatism?
Authors: Atlı Altay , Özbelli Batuhan
Published: September 2023

Turkey’s relations with the countries of the Asia-Pacific are on the rise with a strong focus on the economic dimension, as Ankara increases its efforts to upgrade its trade and investment links with the economic powerhouses of Asia. This rapprochement with Asian countries takes place at a time when Turkey’s relations with the West are going through difficult times, which leads to popular propositions based on the false dichotomy of Turkey ideologically choosing the East over the West. This article proposes that rather than a binary choice of improving relations with a group of countries at the expense of others, Turkey’s efforts can be more accurately interpreted as pragmatic foreign policy activism aimed at diversifying the country’s relations with a focus on gaining a certain degree of strategic autonomy and avoiding excessive dependence on any party at a time when the world is going through an era of significant uncertainty. It is also noted that while Turkey’s economic relations with Asia are yet to take off in a significant way, Ankara's foreign policy pragmatism and its quest for strategic autonomy require not only strengthening relations with the Asia-Pacific, but also re-calibrating ties with traditional partners and allies in the West such as the United States and the European Union.
Stratejik İstihbarat Kapsamında Suudi Arabistan’ın ve İran’ın Batı Balkanlar’daki Faaliyetleri
Authors: Dinçel Yusuf
Published: September 2023

Devletler, istihbarî bir faaliyete girişmeden önce, kendilerine yol göstermesi açısından stratejik
istihbarat kavramının ortaya koymuş olduğu enstrümanlardan faydalanırlar. Stratejik istihbarat,
istihbarat kavramını dar bir perspektiften ele almaktan ziyade, geniş bir çerçevede değerlendirmeye
çalışır. Stratejik istihbarat, planlı bir faaliyetin sonucu olup, derinlemesine analiz yapıldıktan sonra
ortaya konur. Uzun dönemleri kapsayan planlamalar, stratejik istihbaratın başat özelliklerinden biridir.
Bu çalışmada, Suudi Arabistan’ın ve İran’ın Batı Balkanlar’daki faaliyetleri, stratejik istihbaratın uzun
vadeli yaklaşımı çerçevesinde değerlendirilmektedir. Bu iki ülke, Batı Balkanlar’a nüfuz edebilmenin
öncelikli koşulunu din faktörü olarak belirlemiştir. Hem Suudi Arabistan hem de İran, bölge ülkelerinde
politik faaliyetlerini yürütebilmek için ideolojik motif unsurunu ağırlıklı olarak kullanmaktadır.
Suudi Arabistan, Selefiliği benimseyerek İran ise Şiilik üzerinden bölgede faal olmaya çalışmaktadır.
Bölgede kurdukları vakıflar ve dernekler aracılığıyla Batı Balkanlar’daki Müslüman topluluk üzerinde
ağırlıklarını artırmak istemektedirler. Suudi Arabistan ve İran, yumuşak güç unsurlarından istifade
ederek, halk nezdinde dikkat çekmeyi, istihbarî bir yöntem olarak benimsemektedirler. İran, bölgeye
gönderdiği din adamları sayesinde Şii ideolojiyi yaymak istemektedir. Bu çalışmada, özellikle İran’ın
yumuşak güç ve sert güç unsurlarını (istihbarat faaliyetleri kapsamında) kullanmasıyla, bölgede politik
bir ağırlık tesis etmeyi amaç edindiği ortaya konmuştur. Suudi Arabistan’ın ve İran’ın bölge üzerindeki
güç mücadelesi, farklı yönleriyle ele alınmıştır.
J. T. Smith ve Prens Sabahaddin'de Adem-i Merkeziyet Düşüncesi
Authors: Korkmaz Ömer , Erencin Arif
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışma, birbirinden farklı zaman ve toplumlarda yaşamış olan iki siyasi düşünürün, Sabahaddin
Bey ve Joshua Toulmin Smith’in merkezi yönetime, yerel yönetimlere ve adem-i merkeziyet fikrine
yaklaşımlarını ele almaktadır. Çalışmada Sabahaddin Bey’in J. T. Smith’in fikirleri ile doğrudan bir
temasına rastlanmamıştır; ancak her iki düşünürün de merkezi yönetime karşı menfi tutumu ve yerel
yönetimlerin merkezden bağımsız olmasına yönelik tezleri hayli benzerdir. Her ikisinin fikirlerinin
tarihsel dönem olarak merkezileşmenin hızlandığı bir dönemde rağbet görmemiş olması da bir başka
ortak yönleridir. Bununla birlikte J. T. Smith kendi ülkesindeki Anglo-Sakson yerel yönetim geleneğini
sanayileşmenin ve kapitalizmin getirilerinden birisi olan merkezileşmeye karşı çeşitli argümanlarla
savunurken, Sabahaddin Bey aynı Anglo-Sakson geleneği, benzer argümanlarla, merkeziyetçi ve
cemaatçi olarak gördüğü kendi toplumunu ve Osmanlı idari yapısını dönüştürmeye çalışırken
savunmuştur. Çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de hakkında çalışma yapılmamış J. T. Smith ile Sabahaddin
Bey’in fikirlerinin bir kısmını karşılaştırarak, benzerlikler ve farklılıkları ortaya koyarken, bu alanda
yapılabilecek sonraki çalışmalar için bir basamak, bir ilk adımı oluşturmaktır. Makalede her iki siyasi
düşünürün ulaşılabilen eserleri taranmış ve karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Makale bu alanda
yapılmış ilk çalışmadır
The Impact of Covid-19 on the Move towards Authoritarianism: The Case of Hungary
Authors: Aknur Muge
Published: September 2023

As the Freedom House Report 2023 shows, there has been a global trend from democracy to
authoritarianism over the past 17 years. This gained further momentum in late 2019 with the outbreak
of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in Wuhan, China. In the fight against this virus, which has
resulted in the deaths of millions of people, governments implemented several significant measures,
including closures, curfews, and mandatory vaccinations. Under the pretense of combatting the virus,
populist politicians, who already had authoritarian inclinations before the pandemic, disregarded
important democratic principles, such as free and fair elections, separation of powers, political liberties,
and civil rights. The violations of these principles by populist leaders accelerated global democratic
backsliding. In this context, in March 2020, in response to the coronavirus pandemic, Hungary’s Prime
Minister Viktor Orban, who has used every political crisis to find excuses to pursue undemocratic
policies and strengthen his hold on power, pushed the Hungarian parliament to grant him extraordinary
emergency powers. He used coronavirus precautions to establish one-man rule in Hungary by
bypassing parliament. His government devised a legislative framework to suppress critics of its policies
in the media, civil society, and the opposition. Orban also implemented restrictions violating judicial
independence, minority rights, freedom of expression, and freedom of assembly through constitutional
amendments. In other words, Orban utilized the coronavirus outbreak to further weaken Hungary’s
democratic structures and principles. Human rights organizations and the European Union have
criticized Hungary’s slow erosion of democracy under Orban’s administration. This article analyzes
the impact of COVID-19 on the acceleration of democratic backsliding in Hungary, under the rule of
Prime Minister Viktor Orban, in terms of Wolfgang Merkel’s (2004) four conditions for democratic
consolidation: electoral regimes, civil rights, political freedoms, and separation of powers.
Holocaust Legacies and Oral History in the Classroom
Authors: Gibbs Chad S. A.
Published: September 2023

Survivor oral histories have helped determine research questions in Holocaust studies and propelled the field’s largest archival efforts. With those storytellers now passing at an ever-quickening pace, however, some oral historians are turning to descendants as the faces of memory. These researchers work with descendants to individualize the enormity of Holocaust history in classrooms and for wider audiences. Historians recognize that succeeding generations are not eyewitnesses to the Holocaust, though they can give voice to the lived legacies of genocide. I seek to bring these experiences into my teaching in a way that also produces indelible sources for future research. To this end, I recently began teaching a course called “Holocaust Legacies and Oral History.” Students in this class each conduct a recorded interview with a descendant of survivors. Students and professor work as a team to define the historical purposes of our interviews, draft questions, and prepare. This article the results of this class in terms of pedagogies, successes, areas for improvement, and connections created between classroom and community. The methods employed in this class are affordable and usable at virtually any interested institution.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of electricity generation through footstep tiles
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Iqbal Faisal , Esbhani Hamas , Ahmed Mirza Taha , Saqib Muhammad Uneeb
Published: September 2023

The current study aims to utilize population expansion by introducing a specially designed footsteps tiles mechanism capable of converting kinetic energy from footsteps into electricity. A rack and pinion mechanism was implemented due to its straightforward installation process and relatively high-power generation. However, addressing user comfort was crucial, as the mechanism caused significant deflections. As a result, a footstep tile mechanism was devised, manufactured, and thoroughly examined through both experimental and simulation methods. The CAD design of the mechanism was developed in SOLIDWORKS, dynamic models were created, and the system characteristics were analyzed using the simulation tool SIMULINK MATLAB®. Based on the optimal design obtained through dynamic simulations, the mechanism was fabricated, tested, and analyzed. The testing phase demonstrated an average of 9 V generated per footstep, yielding an estimated mechanical output power of 8.5 W per footstep, with a mechanical-to-electrical conversion efficiency of 15.6 %. The proposed setup presents a promising roadmap for large-scale electricity generation in densely populated areas such as institutes, hospitals, railway stations, and similar locations.
Examining the evacuation routes of the sister village program by using the ant colony optimization algorithm
Authors: Muhammad Aziz , Wu Taixia
Published: September 2023

Evacuation routes are necessary to guide people to avoid hazardous and dangerous zones and to prevent the loss of human lives, especially in the event of volcanic eruptions. This article attempts to examine the evacuation routes of the sister village program by using the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm. Model simulations and calculations of the ACO algorithm were done by aggregation of the five determined parameters including distance, speed, hurdle, density, and secure point. The validation of the model was carried out by the examination of the five most prone disaster villages located in Mount Merapi that are interconnected as sister villages in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Province, and Indonesia. This research is important to ensure that the sister village evacuation system is effective in reducing the impact of the risks posed by the eruption of Mount Merapi. Based on the results, sister village evacuation systems are proven to be the fastest and safest routes by the ACO examination