bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etiology-associated heterogeneity in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Ruan Sheng-Yuan , Huang Chun-Ta , Chien Ying-Chun , Huang Chun-Kai , Chien Jung-Yien , Kuo Lu-Cheng , Kuo Ping-Hung , Ku Shih-Chi , Wu Huey-Dong
Published: November 2020

Background: Heterogeneity in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has led to many statistically negative clinical trials. Etiology is considered an important source of pathogenesis heterogeneity in ARDS but previous studies have usually adopted a dichotomous classification, such as pulmonary versus extrapulmonary ARDS, to evaluate it. Etiology-associated heterogeneity in ARDS remains poorly described.Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we described etiology-associated heterogeneity in gas exchange abnormality (PaO2/FiO2 [P/F] and ventilatory ratios), hemodynamic instability, non-pulmonary organ dysfunction as measured by the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, biomarkers of inflammation and coagulation, and 30-day mortality. Linear regression was used to model the trajectory of P/F ratios over time. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, Kruskal-Wallis rank tests and Chi-squared tests were used to compare between-etiology differences. Results: From 1725 mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU, we identified 258 (15%) with ARDS. Pneumonia (48.4%) and non-pulmonary sepsis (11.6%) were the two leading causes of ARDS. Compared with pneumonia associated ARDS, extra-pulmonary sepsis associated ARDS had a greater P/F ratio recovery rate (difference = 13 mmHg/day, p = 0.01), more shock (48% versus 73%, p = 0.01), higher non-pulmonary SOFA scores (6 versus 9 points, p < 0.001), higher d-dimer levels (4.2 versus 9.7 mg/L, p = 0.02) and higher mortality (43% versus 67%, p = 0.02). In pneumonia associated ARDS, there was significant difference in proportion of shock (p = 0.005) between bacterial and non-bacterial pneumonia.Conclusion: This study showed that there was remarkable etiology-associated heterogeneity in ARDS. Heterogeneity was also observed within pneumonia associated ARDS when bacterial pneumonia was compared with other non-bacterial pneumonia. Future studies on ARDS should consider reporting etiology-specific data and exploring possible effect modification associated with etiology.
Impact of Comorbidity on Severity of Covid-19 Patients: A Network of Target Coding Genes Perspective
Authors: Sharma Reetu
Published: November 2020

Millions of people have been forfeiting their lives due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most of them are patients suffering from comorbid complications. However, what makes these patients susceptible to mortality is unknown. For this, we employed a novel network-based approach to Covid-19 associated human target coding genes (TC-genes) overlapping with high relevant diseases to reveal the disease-disease relation. Classification of TC-genes in our study suggests that most of them participate in signal transduction, immune and neuronal systems. The network-based approach provides an insight into the mechanism involving the cascade of the TC-genes action that may drastically increase the reactive oxygen species (ROS). An increase in ROS triggers high oxidative stress and inflammation in the body through the cytokines storm. The cytokines storm set the burden on the comorbid patient by weakening the system that may lead to mortality. Our work highlights the TC-genes that may link Covid-19 to certain diseases. Collectively, the study indicates that selective TC-genes can carry out an overlapping role in seemingly distinct mechanisms. Besides, many mechanisms could independently affect selective targets. Oxidative stress and inflammation are the common processes present in severe Covid-19 patients. The approach demonstrates the potential to elucidate disease-disease relationship that can be applied to other diseases.
How Does Railway Respond to COVID-19 Spreading? -- Countermeasure Analysis and Evaluation around the World
Authors: Yin Yonghao , Li Dewei , Zhang Songliang , Wu Lifu
Published: November 2020

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has a significant impact on world development. As an important part of public services, the rail transit requires effective response countermeasures to control the spread of COVID-19. On the premise of considering the current development of the epidemic situation, this article discusses the characteristics of the COVID-19 transmission and finds out the vulnerable spot of preventing and controlling the spread of the epidemic in the rail transit system. The countermeasures that adopted to prevent COVID-19 spreading are analyzed from the external and internal categories, which were classified by 6 aspects: passenger service, cases care, information, staff, equipment and operation management specifically. Meanwhile, an evaluation architecture was constructed, which were established from the views of effectiveness, economic efficiency, acceptability, privacy and so on. The implementation effect of the measures was evaluated and the advantage and shortage of them were analyzed, which can be used to guide the epidemic prevention and control for the rail transit systems of the countries around the world in the future. It is meaningful to formulate a reasonable work schedule according to local conditions, providing a reference for rapid response to future public health emergency of international concern.
Evaluation of RNA isolation methods for microRNA quantification in a range of clinical biofluids.
Authors: Roest Henk , IJzermans Jan N.M. , Laan Luc. J.W. van der
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs), released from cells into biofluids, have emerged as promising biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. For the analysis of these cell-free miRNAs in various biofluids by RT-qPCR, several RNA isolation methods are available. However, not all methods are equally suitable for different biofluids. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of different RNA isolation methods in a range of clinical biofluid samples.METHODS Total RNA was isolated from serum, urine, bile, and graft preservation fluid (perfusate) using four different protocols: phenol-chloroform extraction in combination with a precipitation carrier, and three different column-based isolation methods. Co-purification of heparin, a known RT-qPCR inhibitor, was assessed using heparinase I during cDNA synthesis. Synthetic miRNAs, spiked-in during RNA workup (cel-miR-39) or during cDNA synthesis (cel-miR-54), and endogenous miRNAs were quantified using RT-qPCR.RESULTS Recovery of cel-miR-39 significantly differed between methods with miRNeasy columns providing the best overall recovery in the four biofluids tested, as was also observed for endogenous miRNAs. Contamination of RNA with heparin differed between sample type and isolation method, and could be counteracted using heparinase I. Other co-isolated RT-qPCR inhibitors were not identified, except for biliverdin which co-isolated from some bile samples with one of the methods.CONCLUSIONS For reliable measurements of miRNA-based biomarkers in biofluids, optimization of RNA isolation procedures is recommended as methods can differ in miRNA detection and co-purification of RT-qPCR inhibitory compounds. Heparinase I treatment confirmed that heparin appeared to be the major RT-qPCR-inhibiting compound but also biliverdin, co-isolated from bile, could interfere with detection.
Efficient whole-cell oxidation of α,β-unsaturated alcohols to α,β-unsaturated aldehydes through cascade biocatalysis of alcohol dehydrogenase, NADPH oxidase and hemoglobin 
Authors: Qiao Yan , Wang Can , Zeng Yin , Wang Tairan , Qiao Jingjing , Lu Chenze , Wang Zhao , Ying Xiangxian
Published: November 2020

Background: α,β-unsaturated aldehydes are widely used in as organic synthesis of fine chemicals such as flavor, fragrances and pharmaceuticals. The selective oxidation of α,β-unsaturated alcohols to the corresponding α,β-unsaturated aldehydes remains challenging to overcome poor selectivity, over-oxidation and low atom efficiency in chemical routes. Results: An E. coli strain co-expressing NADP+-specific alcohol dehydrogenase YsADH and oxygen-dependent NADPH oxidase TkNOX was constructed, which enabled the NADP+ regeneration and catalyzed the oxidation of 100 mM 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol to 3-methyl-2-butenal with the yield of 21.3%. The oxygen supply was strengthened by introducing the hemoglobin VsHGB into recombinant E. coli cells and replacing the atmosphere of the reactor with pure oxygen, which increased the yield up to 51.3%. To further improve catalytic performance, the E. coli cells expressing the multifunctional fusion enzyme YsADH-(GSG)-TkNOX-(GSG)-VsHGB were achieved, which totally converted 250 mM 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol to 3-methyl-2-butenal after 8 h of whole-cell oxidation. The reaction conditions of the cascade biocatalysis were optimized, in which the supplement of 0.2 mM FAD and 0.4 mM NADP+ was essential for maintaining high catalytic activity. Finally, the established whole-cell system could serve as a platform for the synthesis of valuable α,β-unsaturated aldehydes from selective oxidation of various α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. Conclusions: The construction of the strain expressing the fusion enzyme YsADH-(GSG)-TkNOX-(GSG)-VsHGB fulfilled efficient NADP+ regeneration and selective oxidation of various α,β-unsaturated alcohols to the corresponding α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. With the scope of redox enzymes, the fusion enzyme YsADH-(GSG)-TkNOX-(GSG)-VsHGB has become the latest successful example to improve catalytic performance in comparison with separated counterparts.
Spatio-temporal mapping of breast and prostate cancers in South Iran from 2014-2017
Authors: Montazeri Mahdieh , Hoseini Benyamin , Firouraghi Neda , Kiani Fatemeh , Raouf-Mobini Hosein , Biabangard Adele , Dadashi Ali , Zolfaghari Vahideh , Ahmadian Leila , Eslami Saeid , Bergquist Robert , Bagheri Nasser , Kiani Behzad
Published: November 2020

Background:The most common gender-specific malignancies are cancers of the breast and the prostate. In developing countries, cancer screening of all at risk is impractical because of healthcare resource limitations. Thus, determining high-risk areas might be an important first screening step. This study explores incidence patterns of potential high-risk clusters of breast and prostate cancers in southern Iran.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in the province of Kerman, South Iran. Patient data were aggregated at the county and district levels calculating the incidence rate per 100,000 people both for cancers of the breast and the prostate. We used the natural-break classification with five classes to produce descriptive maps. A spatial clustering analysis (Anselin Local Moran’s I) was used to identify potential clusters and outliers in the pattern of these cancers from 2014 to 2017.Results:There were 1,350 breast cancer patients (including, 42 male cases) and 478 prostate cancer patients in the province of Kerman, Iran during the study period. After 45 years of age, the number of men with diagnosed prostate cancer increased similarly to that of breast cancer for women after 25 years of age. The age-standardised incidence rate of breast cancer showed an increase from 29.93 to 32.27 cases per 100,000 people and that of prostate cancer from 13.93 to 15.47 cases per 100,000 during 2014-2017. Cluster analysis at the county level identified high-high clusters of breast cancer in the north-western part of the province for all years studied, but the analysis at the district level showed high-high clusters for only two of the years. With regard to prostate cancer, cluster analysis at the county and district levels identified high-high clusters in this area of the province for two of the study years.Conclusions:North-western Kerman had a significantly higher incidence rate of both breast and prostate cancer than the average, which should help in designing tailored screening and surveillance systems. Furthermore, this study generates new hypotheses regarding the potential relationship between increased incidence of cancers in certain geographical areas and environmental risk factors.
Bioequivalence of levamlodipine besylate tablets in healthy Chinese subjects: A single-dose and two-period crossover randomized study
Authors: Xin Li , Wang Chenjing , Li Ting , Liu Yanping , Liu Shuqin , Tao Ye , Ma Yaping , Gao Xiaomeng , Cao Yu
Published: November 2020

Background: Levamlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, has been show act as a cardiovascular drug. To compare the pharmacokinetic parameters between levamlodipine (test formulation) at a single dose of 5 mg and amlodipine (reference formulation) at a single dose of 10 mg, the bioequivalence study was carried out.Methods: A single-dose randomized, open-label, two-period crossover study was designed in healthy Chinese subjects. 48 subjects were divided into fasted and fed groups equally. The subjects randomly received the test or reference formulations at the rate of 1:1. Following a 21-day washout period, the alternative formulations were received. The blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168 hours later. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was applied to determine the plasma concentrations of levamlodipine. Adverse events were recorded.Results: The 90% confidence intervals (CIs) of the ratio of geometric means (GMRs) of Cmax, AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞ under both fasted and fed conditions were within the prespecified bioequivalence limits between 80~125%. Under fasted conditions, 24 subjects were enrolled and completed the study. The mean Cmax was (2.70±0.49) ng/mL, AUC0-t was (141.32±36.24) ng×h/mL and AUC0-∞ was (157.14±45.65) ng×h/mL after a single dose of 5 mg levamlodipine. The mean Cmax was (2.83±0.52) ng/mL, AUC0-t was (153.62±33.96) ng×h/mL and AUC0-∞ was (173.05±41.78) ng×h/mL after a single dose of 10 mg amlodipine. Under fed conditions, 24 subjects were enrolled and completed the study. The mean Cmax was (2.73±0.55) ng/mL, AUC0-t was (166.93±49.96) ng×h/mL and AUC0-∞ was (190.99±70.89) ng×h/mL after a single dose of 5 mg levamlodipine. The mean Cmax was (2.87±0.81) ng/mL AUC0-t was (165.46±43.58) ng×h/mL and AUC0-∞ was (189.51±64.70) ng×h/mL after a single dose of 10 mg amlodipine. Serious adverse event was not observed.Conclusion: The trial confirmed that levamlodipine at a single dose of 5 mg and amlodipine at a single dose of 10 mg were bioequivalent under both fasted condition and fed condition.Trial registration: Cinicaltrials, NCT04411875. Registered 3 June 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0009W1Q&selectaction=Edit&uid=U00050YQ&ts=3&cx=-6iqkm8
Development of Real World Learning Opportunities in Community Exercise Prescription for Healthcare Professional Programmes - ‘Physio Hub’ 
Authors: Cunningham Caitriona Gabrielle , Blake Catherine , Donoghue Grainne O , Purcell Ciaran , Persson Ulrik Mc Carthy , Craddock Karen , Mahon Sinead Mc
Published: November 2020

Background
Given the challenge of chronic lifestyle diseases, the shift in healthcare focus to primary care and recognised importance of a preventive approach to health, including exercise prescription, the embedding of related learning in healthcare professional programmes is critical.
Methods
In response to these contemporary demands, a complex curriculum development project was undertaken at University College Dublin, employing a four dimensional curriculum framework for the development of health professional curricula that focused on (1) future orientation of healthcare practices (the why?), (2) defining capabilities of graduates (the what?), (3) teaching, learning and assessment (the how?) and (4) organisation/institution delivery (the where)? The process was informed by exercise, health promotion, educational and health policy literature, alongside engagement with multiple internal university and external community stakeholders.
Results
Having sufficient clinical education opportunity for translating exercise theory into practice was identified as a key need (the Why?). Development of strategies for health promotion and design and delivery of evidence based exercise programmes with inter-professional and inter-sectoral network building were some of the graduate capabilities identified as being critically important. (the what?) The resultant UCD Physio Hub model of clinical education combines ‘on campus’ and ‘community outreach’ activity to facilitate inter-sectoral ‘real world’ experiential student learning in health promotion and exercise prescription for both healthy and clinical populations. Underpinned by social constructivist educational theory, students are encouraged to be creative and to collaborate in responding to identified health needs of specific community groups by designing and delivering community services. (the how?) In developing new student learning opportunities to enhance curriculum, a supportive organisational culture and context was critical with UCD having excellent exercise infrastructure and the Physio Hub project aligning with a community engagement ethos articulated in the university’s strategy. (the where?)

Conclusion
This paper provides an overview of Physio Hub, its services, educational practices and translational research ethos, all of which are combined to deliver a rich exercise and health promotion learning experience. Although developed for physiotherapy, the curriculum process and resultant education model could be integrated wholly or in part across medical and other healthcare professional programmes and to facilitate interdisciplinary learning.
Compositional analysis of the bacterial community in colostrum samples from women with gestational diabetes mellitus and obesity
Authors: Gámez-Valdez July Stephany , García-Mazcorro José Francisco , Rincón Alan Heriberto Montoya , Reyes Dalia Liliana Rodríguez , Blanco Gelacio Jiménez , Rodriguez Melissa Tatiana Alanís , Vaca Rebeca Pérez-Cabeza de , García Mario René Alcorta , Brunck Marion Emilie Genevieve , Díaz Víctor Javier Lara , licona-cassani cuauhtemoc
Published: November 2020

Background. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and obesity are threatening health conditions during pregnancy, as they affect the normal function of multiple systems, including neuro-hormonal networks, and adipose, liver, muscle and placenta. GDM and maternal obesity are main triggers to a vicious cycle of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases perpetuated trans-generationally. One of the first stages of this vicious cycle occurs during early lactation as the infant feeds of “disbalanced” breastmilk microbiota and macromolecule level. Despite the importance of breastmilk microbiota on newborn development, few studies have characterized breastmilk microbiota in association with obesity and GDM. Maternal obesity decreases the diversity of breastmilk microbiota, with increased proportions Staphylococcus compared to Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. However, the extent to which GDM together with maternal obesity affect breastmilk microbiota is unknown. Here, we applied 16S-rRNA high-throughput sequencing to characterize colostrum microbiota of 43 mothers with exclusive GDM and obesity in order to address the impact of GDM/obesity on breastmilk microbiota.Results. We identified a total of 1,496 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), being Proteobacteria and Firmicutes the dominant phyla. We found Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium-1, Anaerococcus and Prevotella overrepresented in samples of women with obesity and women with GDM. Population diversity indicators, such as Shannon/Faith phylogenetic index and UniFrac/robust Aitchison distances show distinct microbial composition for GDM (female-newborn subgroup) and obesity (male-newborn subgroup) compared to controls. Finally, Differential abundance analysis showed that Rhodobacteraceae was distinct for GDM and five families (Bdellovibrionaceae, Halomonadaceae, Shewanallaceae, Saccharimonadales and Vibrionaceae) were distinct for obesity groups.Conclusions. Our study indicates that GDM and obesity are related to a higher microbial diversity. Preliminary functional analysis suggests that this could be attributed to overrepresentation of amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism bacterial pathways. However, there is a strong influence of the infant´s gender and the utilization of antibiotics intrapartum. To our knowledge, this study represents the first characterization of the taxonomical changes of colostrum breastmilk in mothers with GDM. We think this study contributes to future design of functional metagenomic studies aiming to understand molecular mechanisms by which breastmilk from mothers with GDM/obesity affect the development and future adult physiology of their suckling infants.
“No thanks, I don’t want to see snakes again”: A qualitative study of pain management versus preservation of cognition in palliative care patients
Authors: Wegier Pete , Varenbut Jaymie , Bernstein Mark , Lawlor Peter G , Isenberg Sarina R
Published: November 2020

BackgroundTowards the end of life, use of opioid analgesics becomes more common in patients to control pain and improve quality of life. While pain medication may help manage pain, unwanted cognitive side effects are frequently noted. This balancing act presents a trade-off for patients between pain relief and adverse effects, where the desire to relieve pain must be evaluated against the desire to maintain cognitive clarity and may represent a difficult decision for patients receiving palliative care. Our goal was to understand how patients’ decision making about pain medications balances the pain relief from those medications against the cognitive decline often associated with them.MethodsWe conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews with patients receiving home-based palliative care from a program in Toronto, Canada. Interview recordings were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsThirty-one interviews were conducted. Some patients preferred cognitive preservation over pain management because of a sense that cognition is central to their identity, the desire to maintain lucidity, a desire to continue participating in work or hobbies, and fear of addiction. Conversely, some patients preferred pain management over cognitive preservation because of a desire to avoid suffering, an inability to sleep without medications, or an acceptance of some cognitive compromise. A few patients attempted to find balance through tapering drugs, limiting their use of breakthrough analgesic doses, or using alternative strategies. ConclusionsDecision making around pain and pain management is a highly preference-sensitive process—with no clear right or wrong decisions, only the preferences of each patient. The findings from this study may influence the design of future patient-facing decision aids around pain management. Future studies should pilot interventions to better assist patients with this decision.
Prevalence and correlates of fatigue and its association with quality of life among clinically stable older psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zou Siyun , Liu Zi-Han , Yan Xiaona , Wang Huan , Li Yulong , Xu Xiuying , Du Xiangdong , Zhang Lan , Zhang Qinge , Jackson Todd , Ungvari Gabor S. , Xiang Yu-Tao
Published: November 2020

Background: The pattern of fatigue in older psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 outbreak was unknown. This study examined the prevalence of fatigue and its association with overall quality of life (overall QOL) in clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This was a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Fatigue, depressive symptoms, pain, insomnia symptoms, and overall QOL were assessed with standardized instruments. Results: A total of 1,063 patients were recruited. The prevalence of fatigue was 47.1% (95%CI: 44.1% - 50.1%). An analysis of covariance revealed that overall QOL was significantly lower in patients with fatigue compared to those without (P=0.011). A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that more severe depressive symptoms (OR=1.15, P<0.001), insomnia symptoms (OR=1.08, P<0.001) and pain (OR=1.43, P<0.001) were significantly associated with fatigue.Conclusions: Fatigue is common among clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 outbreak. Considering its negative impact on overall QOL, regular assessment of fatigue and appropriate treatment warrant attention in this subpopulation.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Acelluar Products Attenuate Murine Induced Colitis
Authors: li yan , Altemus Jessica , Lightner Amy L.
Published: November 2020

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a well-established immunomodulatory agent which can also promote tissue repair and regeneration. Recent studies have demonstrated MSCs as a novel therapeutic for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic idiopathic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. However, the precise role of MSCs in regulating immune responses is controversial, and its significance in the pathogenesis remains IBD undefined. In addition, MSCs’ acellular product, extracellular vesicles (EVs), may also play an important role in the armamentarium of therapeutics, but how EVs compare to MSCs remains unknown due to the lack of side-by-side comparative investigation. We herein compared MSCs and MSC-derived EVs for the treatment of IBD using a DSS-induced colitis model. Methods: A DSS-induced colitis model was used. At Day 4, mice received adipose derived MSCs, MSC-derived EVs, or placebo. Weight loss, stool consistency and hematochezia was charted. At day 8, murine colons were harvested, histologic analysis performed, and serum/tissue cytokine analysis conducted. Results: MSCs and EVs demonstrated equivalent immunosuppressive function in DSS-treated mice through decreased colonic lymphocyte infiltration and attenuated disease severity after both MSC and EV treatment. Furthermore, both MSCs and EVs have an equivalent ability to inhibit inflammation in the DSS colitis model by inhibiting JAK, JNK1/2 and STAT3 signaling. Conclusions: These results suggest that (i) both MSCs and EVs are effective therapeutic candidates for a DSS-induced mouse colitis model, (ii) MSCs and EVs have similar immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory functions, and (iii) EVs may present a novel future therapeutic for the treatment of IBD.
From positive to negative: a time to event analysis in Regione Lombardia.
Authors: Castillo Gabriele Del , Castrofino Ambra , Grosso Francesca , Marano Giuseppe , Boracchi Patrizia , Castaldi Silvana , Biganzoli Elia , Cereda Danilo
Published: November 2020

Objectives. To assess the time span from positive to negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection by RT-PCR, and to evaluate the reliability of the test-based criteria as the required condition for the reintroduction of the asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 positive patient in the community. Methods. We used information concerning negativization and the respective times. Cumulative probabilities of negativization during the follow-up were evaluated by Crude Cumulative Incidences (CCIs). Non-parametric estimates of CCIs and respective 95% C.I.s were obtained.Results. We report only the results for 52,186 individuals. 33486 subjects resulted negative or potentially negative with a CCI of 75.2% at 70 days from the first swab (95% CI: 74.8% to 75.7%). 11,000 subjects deceased before 14/05/2020 without diagnosis of negative status (CCI 21.9%; 95% CI: 21.5% to 22.3%), at 56 days from the first swab (maximum observed time to death).Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2 positivity is a condition that frequently lasts more than 30 days. Since the determination of isolation based only on a status of positivity could be excessive, more solid studies are required to determinate the significance of a prolonged state of positivity and the consequences on the policies of dismission of quarantine and isolation.
FEATURES OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF WOMEN WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AND OVERWEIGHT AT BIRTH
Authors: Nestertsova Nataliia , Nazarenko Larysa
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study was to clarify obstetric and perinatal risk in women born with low or overweight. Materials and methods. 343 women with birth weight abnormalities were examined. From them 3 groups are made, according to criterion “weight of the woman at a birth”: I – 107 women with low weight at a birth, II – 126 with excess, III – 110 people with normal weight. The anamnesis, in particular, family and own perinatal, as well as nutritional support, anthropometric data, the structure of pregnancy complications, the rate of growth and development of the fetus, perinatal results were determined. Levels of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids were determined as markers of nutritional support of the organism, as indicators of angiogenesis were determined – concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor in blood, morpho-functional studies of placenta were performed. Results. Women born underweight are more likely to have menstrual disorders (every 4), infertility (every 10), miscarriage (every 5) and gynecological diseases. The pathology of gestation in such women and their mothers is similar in spectrum, which is an example of intrauterine programming. The implementation of this program is facilitated by negative factors of nutritional provision: inadequate breastfeeding, economical type of nutrition in favor of restricting protein foods and deviations in the process of angiogenesis. Conclusions. The importance of perinatal history as a factor that determines the increased risk of menstrual disorders, the frequency of infertility, the pathological course of gestation during pregnancy, the predisposition to placental insufficiency and the birth of a child with low weight. Women born with low birth weight and overweight are a contingent of increased perinatal risk, which is associated with a complicated own perinatal history on the background of obstetric pathology in their mothers. This fact complements the concept of intrauterine programming.
EVALUATION OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN NEURODEGENERATION
Authors: Chernenko Maxim
Published: November 2020

Cognitive functions and their disorders in patients with neurodegenerative diseases are an urgent problem of modern neurology. Such functions include memory, attention, praxis, gnosis, language, thinking, control functions. The study of the neuropsychological profile allows a more accurate picture of the involvement in the pathological process of various brain structures and thus facilitate the differential diagnosis. The aim of the research: on the basis of studying of cognitive features of patients with neurodegenerative (demyelinating) pathology to consider possibilities of their psychoneurological adaptation. Materials and methods. The survey data of 104 patients with remitting type of multiple sclerosis, who were treated at the state institution “Institute of Neurology, Psychiatry and Addiction of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” are presented. To study the disorders of verbal memory, the method of A. R. Luria “Memorization of 10 words” was used, which allows to estimate such parameters as the amount of direct memory and the strength of delayed memory (i.e. indicators of short-term and long-term memory). The Schulte Table method was used to study arbitrary attention disorders. This technique allows you to evaluate such characteristics of random attention as volume, functions of concentration distribution and switching of attention. Results. The data obtained indicate that, depending on the severity of relapses, there are significant differences in the course of mnestic processes. It was found that in severe variants of remissions in women with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) more pronounced than in men, there is a lack of ability to work and exhaustion. Conclusions. It is concluded that the assessment of cognitive deficit out of connection with personal characteristics and emotional and volitional disorders significantly reduces the informativeness and ability to correct cognitive dysfunction. Timely detection of cognitive and emotional-personal changes can not only improve the quality of life of patients with neurodegenerative diseases, but also act as an independent part of the psychoneurological model of adaptation of this category of patients.
Duality and mock modularity
Authors: Dabholkar Atish , Putrov Pavel , Witten Edward
Published: November 2020

We derive a holomorphic anomaly equation for the Vafa-Witten
partition function for twisted four-dimensional
\mathcal{N} =4𝒩=4
super Yang-Mills theory on \mathbb{CP}^{2}ℂℙ2
for the gauge group SO(3)SO(3)
from the path integral of the effective theory on the Coulomb branch.
The holomorphic kernel of this equation, which receives contributions
only from the instantons, is not modular but ‘mock modular’. The
partition function has correct modular properties expected from
SS-duality
only after including the anomalous nonholomorphic boundary contributions
from anti-instantons. Using M-theory duality, we relate this phenomenon
to the holomorphic anomaly of the elliptic genus of a two-dimensional
noncompact sigma model and compute it independently in two dimensions.
The anomaly both in four and in two dimensions can be traced to a
topological term in the effective action of six-dimensional
(2,0)(2,0)
theory on the tensor branch. We consider generalizations to other
manifolds and other gauge groups to show that mock modularity is generic
and essential for exhibiting duality when the relevant field space is
noncompact.
Formation of international employee competencies in the conditions of the global labor market transformation
Authors: Smaliychuk Ganna
Published: November 2020

Globalization of the labor market and development of international innovative cooperation, taking into account international production factors, intensify the process of forming a modern type of a migrant worker – an international worker. Today’s global market of labor resources places high requirements to the workforce. New criteria appear in relation to the quality of the individual’s labor potential implemented in global economic relations, and the quality of labor, determined by the worker’s qualification and skills, work attitude and sophistication of social and economic thinking, becomes the most important criterion. The quality of labor resources in the international labor market includes many characteristics, such as availability of international work experience, knowledge of the national specifics of various countries, the importance of international communication culture, etc., which are minimally present in the characteristics of labor resources at the national level. Given the above, the purpose of this article is to study the qualities, competencies and level of training of an innovative international worker. The study characterized key factors of the process of developing an international worker, some of which are worth noting: the appearance of unified international requirements to the worker’s education and qualification, formation of global information and communication networks, growth of transnational corporations. It was concluded that the success of a worker of an international enterprise depends on the worker’s professional, social, entrepreneurial and personal competencies, etc., while the key indicators of the worker’s different-culture competence profile are professional, social, entrepreneurial and personal competences, ability to learn foreign languages and current family situation.
Consumer’s Impulse Buying Behavior: Do Visual Merchandising, Store Atmosphere, Availability of Money, and Promotional Activity Affect it?
Authors: Wijaya Evelyn , Setyawan Onny
Published: November 2020

The research aimed to analyze the influence of visual merchandising, store atmosphere, availability of money, and promotional activity on impulse buying behavior in MINISO Pekanbaru. The research applied a quantitative method, and the population was consumers who purchased any product in MINISO Pekanbaru. The sample amounted to 150 respondents with an accidental sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire by asking questions to respondents. Analysis was conducted by using a multiple regression linear approach with IBM SPSS 23. The results show that the store atmosphere does not significantly influence impulse buying behavior. Meanwhile, visual merchandising, availability of money, and promotional activity significantly affect the impulse buying behavior. The results imply that MINISO Pekanbaru has implemented a proper marketing strategy to attract consumers to buy impulsively. However, MINISO Pekanbaru needs to re-consider the display and information placement about the products so that the consumers feel comfortable and content to spend a longer time there.
GERENCIAMENTO DOS RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS NO MEIO AMBIENTE URBANO: ESTRATÉGIA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL COM EXPANSÃO DAS LIBERDADES
Authors: Zambam Neuro José , Dos Santos Ana Paula Coelho Abreu
Published: November 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar estratégias de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos no meio urbano como uma referência para a expansão das liberdades conforme abordado por Amartya Sen. Negligenciar a problemática do inadequado descarte desses resíduos torna o ambiente e a vida humana insustentáveis. O ser humano tem responsabilidade de atuar visando a melhora do ambiente em que vive e de forma ativa constituir parâmetros democráticos visando cidades sustentáveis. A democracia é o pressuposto para atingir um modelo de desenvolvimento sustentável. Nesse sentido, Sen ressalta a importância de condições de participação, que ele refere como “capabilities”. Assim, a construção de soluções justas e sustentáveis, sendo a correta gestão dos resíduos sólidos, com uma ampla participação e responsabilidade social são decisivos para a legitimidade desse modelo de desenvolvimento. O presente artigo apresentará o desenvolvimento sustentável como um referencial, em que a democracia é o sistema viabilizador. A Lei n. 13.305/2010 (Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos) orienta para soluções equitativas ao reconhecer os resíduos sólidos como um bem econômico passível de valor social e provedor de cidadania, emprego e renda com reflexos relevantes para o exercício da liberdade. A presente análise, basear-se-á no método dedutivo, com o uso de referências bibliográficas.
AS SENTENÇAS INTERPRETATIVAS E O ATIVISMO JUDICIAL: OS LIMITES HERMENÊUTICOS NECESSÁRIOS À MANUTENÇÃO DA LEGITIMIDADE DO ESTADO DEMOCRÁTICO DE DIREITO
Authors: Copetti Neto Alfredo , Cirne Lucas Gabriel Ladeia
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo objetiva discutir a importância das sentenças interpretativas – interpretação conforme e nulidade sem redução do texto – na jurisdição constitucional, salientando, todavia, que a sua utilização deve necessariamente respeitar determinados limites hermenêuticos e o texto da Constituição. Nesse sentido, a ideia é destacar a linha tênue que separa a legitimidade da aplicação dos mecanismos interpretativos em questão do ativismo judicial, surgido a partir de equívocos em sua aplicação. Para tanto, busca-se, inicialmente, discorrer sobre os aludidos temas, reforçando o caráter hermenêutico dos instrumentos de interpretação citados, analisando as suas especificidades, hipóteses e limites para, em um segundo momento, avaliar as relações havidas entre essas ferramentas e o ativismo judicial. Por fim, com a apresentação de um julgado exemplificador da simbiose entre os dois temas, se pretende confirmar o valor dos modelos interpretativos em tela, bem como a obrigação deles serem aplicados dentro de um quadro rígido, vinculante e limitador, a fim de se manter o equilíbrio da democracia dentro do Estado de direito.
BNCC e ENEM: possíveis diálogos
Authors: Cordeiro Rogério Soares , Castro Morini Maria Santina
Published: November 2020

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivos identificar e discutir via pesquisa documental, possíveis diálogos entre o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Os resultados indicam que competência, habilidade, contextualização e interdisciplinaridade são pontos com similaridade nos discursos e aplicações. Chama-se atenção à importância do ENEM, por avaliar competências pautadas na BNCC, que propõe currículos contextualizados, sem abrir mão da incansável meta, o ensino de qualidade. Nesse sentido, o ENEM, enquanto política pública pode contribuir para promover desigualdades.
ESCOLA SOB O OLHAR DE ALUNOS DAS “CLASSES DE ACELERAÇÃO”: UM ESTUDO DE REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAS.
Authors: Campos Pedro Humberto Faria , Lopes Marianna Jannuzzi , Mendes dos Santos Sônia Regina
Published: November 2020

O artigo objetiva discutir as “Classes de Aceleração” como política pública, com base em representações sociais dos alunos do sexto ao nono ano do Ensino Fundamental das Classes de Aceleração de Aprendizagem de uma escola municipal de Juiz de Fora-MG.  Com o uso de materiais projetivos, entrevistas e metáforas, os sujeitos a consideram uma estratégia para colocá-los fora da escola de forma ligeira. Os resultados supõem a reativação de processos de exclusão, sob a falácia da escolarização completada.
Edgar Morin e a Educação Integral: subsídios para essa associação
Authors: Resende Ribeiro Diovane de César , Wey Moreira Wagner
Published: November 2020

O trabalho apresentado teve como subsídio a fundamentação teórica de uma investigação desenvolvida a nível de mestrado em Educação. Tivemos como objetivo, neste artigo, associar os pensamentos de Edgar Morin com a concepção de Educação Integral. A partir da revisão bibliográfica sobre os temas, entendemos a Educação Integral como aglutinadora dos pensamentos propostos pelo filósofo francês no que tange a reforma do pensamento por meio da educação.
O PERFIL EDUCACIONAL DOS ESTUDANTES DA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA DA UNIPAMPA
Authors: Vieira Mauricio Aires , Cortes Marilice , Abrao Ruhena Kelber
Published: November 2020

A efetivação da Educação a Distância (EaD), no Brasil, não é um fato novo. A educação nesta modalidade vem se solidificando ao longo dos anos, e, por meio da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDBEN), Lei 9.394/96 e do Decreto nº 5.622/2005 foi regulamentada. O ensino a distância somado ao advento das tecnologias e o interesse de oferta de cursos à distância por parte dos agentes governamentais, vem tomando novos rumos, e ocupando cada vez mais um lugar de destaque no cenário da educação nacional. Logo, esta pesquisa teve por finalidade conhecer e analisar o perfil dos alunos da modalidade da EaD da Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), bem como as suas habilidades enquanto seres autônomos nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem. A metodologia usada para conhecer este perfil foi à aplicação de questionário com perguntas estruturadas e semiestruturadas nos 21 polos comtemplados com cursos implantados à distância pela instituição. Foi realizada a análise dos dados coletados e fundamentados com revisão bibliográfica que tratam deste debate. Ao final foi constatado que grande parte dos estudantes ainda enfrentam problemas relacionados à sua autonomia, uma vez que não há na instituição um suporte voltado exclusivamente a esta modalidade. Tendo por base os resultados deste estudo se tem a expectativa de que a Universidade propicie condições para que o aluno tenha autonomia e seja um estudante crítico e habilidoso de suas práticas enquanto agente do saber.
Empowering Female Farmers Against Mining Capitalism
Authors: Huda Miftahul , Chusna Alfa
Published: November 2020

Women mostly depend on agriculture, which indicates that women have their economic resources to help the family economy. The presence of the Kulon Progo Coastal Farmers Association of Farmers is the beginning of a bright future for farmers, women. This article discusses the empowerment of women in the Kulon Progo Coast Farmers Association. The purpose of this study is to find out how far women can be empowered with the organization of the Kulon Progo Coastal Farmers Association. This research is a qualitative study with data collection techniques using a purposive sample. The data collection process is done by in-depth interviews and snowball after the key informant is found. The data obtained were analyzed using the Longwe analysis framework. The results of this study indicate that female farmers are equal in agricultural areas, but in the political domain (organization) female farmers are still below male farmers.
The H in WASH: a reflection on the contribution, style and legacy of Professor Val Curtis
Authors: Cumming O. , Howard G. , Kolsky P. , Luby S. P. , Chilengi R. , Colford J. M. , Iyer P. , Cairncross S. , Evans B. E.
Published: November 2020

In this paper we reflect on the contribution, style and legacy of Professor Val Curtis, an important, and sometimes controversial, figure in the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector who sadly passed away on October 19, 2020. Across numerous scientific articles, and several books, and operational programmes, she established herself as a world-renowned scientific expert in the field of hygiene and behaviour change, as well as a major thought-leader in the WASH sector. We identify four major scientific contributions which she made over three decades of research that spanned multiple fields, including engineering, epidemiology, and psychology. Beyond her research, she tirelessly championed hygiene as a public health priority, using her talents as a communicator to secure concrete changes in relevant policy and practice. We are confident that her example, as both a public health researcher, and as a hygiene champion, will inspire future generations of WASH researchers and practitioners to be bold and ambitious.
Comparative analysis of select techniques and metrics for data reconciliation in smart energy distribution network
Authors: Ramasamy Jeyanthi , Devanathan Sriram , Jayaraman Dhanalakshmi
Published: November 2020

Reliability of each state of process in many chemical process industries largely relies upon water and vitality supplies. In this way, there is great necessity to have an improved and controlled smart energy distribution network (SEDN) in industries. In SEDNs, sensor information related to flow control and optimization serves as a basis for modelling of energy management systems. Therefore, it is important to ensure that sensor data are accurate and precise. However, they are affected by random noise and measurement biases, which compromise the quality of measurements. Data Reconciliation (DR) is one such approach popularly used in industries to reduce the adverse impact of random errors present in pipe flow measurements. In this study, Python-based simulations of weighted least squares (WLS) and principal component analysis (PCA) based DR techniques are implemented on the selected flow streams of SEDN, and reconciled estimates are obtained. The results show that Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) is the best performance metric since it is more sensitive to small changes in the measurement values and the reconciled estimates. Further, it is observed that PCA-DR performs better than WLS-DR in reducing the random error (and thereby achieving greater precision of measured values).