bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relations between childhood emotional insecurity, self‐esteem, and adulthood marital conflict in South Korea
Authors: Lee Young‐Eun
Published: July 2022

Objective

This study examined the reciprocal relationship between childhood emotional insecurity, later adult self‐esteem, and marital conflict in South Korean couples.

Background

Current literature on intergenerational transmission of marital relationships lacks a dyadic perspective for understanding how spouses influence the relationship between childhood emotional insecurity and adulthood marital conflict.

Method

The actor–partner interdependence model was employed to test spillover and crossover effects using data from 210 South Korean couples with children age 3–5 years.

Results

Childhood emotional insecurity was associated with marital conflict in both women and men. Additionally, this relationship was mediated by lower levels of self‐esteem. However, the mediating effect was stronger for women than for men. Furthermore, women experiencing emotional insecurity during childhood positively affected their spouses' destructive marital conflict coping strategies through lower self‐esteem, whereas men's childhood emotional insecurity did not affect their spouses' destructive marital conflict through self‐esteem.

Conclusion

This study provides strong evidence to explain the mechanism of intergenerational transmission in marital conflicts.

Implications

Future research on intergenerational transmission of marital relationships should consider the influence of the family of origin and the interactions between couples by considering the family as an interdependent dynamic system.
Professionalism and clinical short answer question marking with machine learning
Authors: Lam Antoinette , Lam Lydia , Blacketer Charlotte , Parnis Roger , Franke Kyle , Wagner Morganne , Wang David , Tan Yiran , Oakden‐Rayner Lauren , Gallagher Steve , Perry Seth W. , Licinio Julio , Symonds Ian , Thomas Josephine , Duggan Paul , Bacchi Stephen
Published: July 2022

Machine learning may assist in medical student evaluation. This study involved scoring short answer questions administered at three centres. Bidirectional encoder representations from transformers were particularly effective for professionalism question scoring (accuracy ranging from 41.6% to 92.5%). In the scoring of 3‐mark professionalism questions, as compared with clinical questions, machine learning had a lower classification accuracy (P < 0.05). The role of machine learning in medical professionalism evaluation warrants further investigation.
Forming a therapeutic sphere to treat ailments using optimization techniques
Authors: Li Han‐Lin , Shih Chia‐Hui , Hu Chih‐Chien , Yang Chyan
Published: July 2022

Recently, National Geographic published a special bookazine titled Nature's Best Remedies. This bookazine reorganized nature's remedies as a therapeutic table for treating ailments. The table provides considerable knowledge but is inconvenient to use. This study converts the therapeutic table into a therapeutic sphere by using optimization techniques. In the therapeutic sphere, similar ailments are clustered together, and remedies related to specified ailments are allocated on the sphere. Two surveys demonstrated that, compared with the therapeutic table, the therapeutic sphere is more convenient to use, more efficient for making queries, and more useful for healthcare as well as more intuitive. The proposed therapeutic sphere system can be accessed at http://140.113.73.198/gbball/examples/medeng2.aspx.
Streptomyces sp. BV410: Interspecies cross-talk for staurosporine production
Authors: Stevanovic Milena , D'Agostino Paul M. , Mojicevic Marija , Gulder Tobias A. M. , Nikodinovic-Runic Jasmina , Vojnovic Sandra
Published: July 2022

Aims

Sequencing and genome analysis of two co-isolated streptomycetes, named BV410-1 and BV410-10, and the effect of their co-cultivation on the staurosporine production.

Methods and Results

Identification of two strains through genome sequencing and their separation using different growth media was conducted. Sequence analysis revealed that the genome of BV410-1 was 9.5 Mb, whilst that of BV410-10 was 7.1 Mb. AntiSMASH analysis identified 28 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) from BV410-1, including that responsible for staurosporine biosynthesis, whilst 20 BGCs were identified from BV410-10. The addition of cell-free supernatant from BV410-10 monoculture to BV410-1 fermentations improved the staurosporine yield from 8.35 mg L−1 up to 15.85 mg L−1, whilst BV410-10 monoculture ethyl acetate extract did not have the same effect. Also, there was no improvement in staurosporine production when artificial mixed cultures were created using three different BV410-1 and BV410-10 spore ratios.

Conclusions

The growth of BV410-10 was inhibited when the two strains were grown together on agar plates. Culture supernatants of BV410-10 showed potential to stimulate staurosporine production in BV410-1, but overall co-cultivation attempts did not restore the previously reported yield of staurosporine produced by the original mixed isolate.

Significance and Impact of Study

This work confirmed complex relations between streptomycetes in soil that are difficult to recreate under the laboratory conditions. Also, mining of streptomycetes genomes that mainly produce known bioactive compounds could still be the fruitful approach in search for novel bioactive molecules.
Whole genome sequencing reveals antimicrobial resistance determinants (AMR genes) of Salmonella enterica recovered from raw chicken and ready-to-eat leaves imported into England between 2014 and 2019
Authors: Davies Nicola , Jørgensen Frieda , Willis Caroline , McLauchlin Jim , Chattaway Marie Anne
Published: July 2022

Aims

To compare the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in a genetically diverse group of Salmonella enterica recovered from foods imported into England between 2014 and 2018.

Methods and Results

Whole genome sequence was used to detect AMR genes or chromosomal mutations associated with AMR in Salmonella recovered from edible leaves imported from Asia (n = 115) as compared to Salmonella (n = 231) isolated from raw chicken, 74% originated from South America. Among isolates from edible leaves, three (3%) showed resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent, two (2%) of which were multidrug resistant (MDR, resistance to three or more antimicrobial classes). Resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent was detected in 214 (93%) in the chicken isolates, with 164 (71%) showing MDR. Genetic diversity and AMR profiles were highly heterogeneous across the different serovars.

Conclusions

Resistance was rare among the Salmonella isolates from edible leaves but common (including MDR) among those from raw chicken.

Significance and Impact of the Study

Surveillance of AMR in imported foods is essential for monitoring the risk of transmission of resistance from the food chain to humans and provides added public health value to pre-existing controls of the food chain.
Potentiality of actinobacteria to combat against biotic and abiotic stresses in tea [Camellia sinensis (L) O. Kuntze]
Authors: Borah Atlanta , Hazarika Shabiha Nudrat , Thakur Debajit
Published: July 2022

Tea (Camellia sinensis (L) O. Kuntze) is a long-duration monoculture crop prone to several biotic (fungal diseases and insect pest) and abiotic (nutrient deficiency, drought and salinity) stress that eventually result in extensive annual crop loss. The specific climatic conditions and the perennial nature of the tea crop favour growth limiting abiotic factors, numerous plant pathogenic fungi (PPF) and insect pests. The review focuses on the susceptibility of tea crops to PPF/pests, drought, salinity and nutrient constraints and the potential role of beneficial actinobacteria in promoting tea crop health. The review also focuses on some of the major PPF associated with tea, such as Exobasidium vexans, Pestalotiopsis theae, Colletotrichum acutatum, and pests (Helopeltis theivora). The phylum actinobacteria own a remarkable place in agriculture due to the biosynthesis of bioactive metabolites that assist plant growth by direct nutrient assimilation, phytohormone production, and by indirect aid in plant defence against PPF and pests. The chemical diversity and bioactive significance of actinobacterial metabolites (antibiotics, siderophore, volatile organic compounds, phytohormones) are valuable in the agro-economy. This review explores the recent history of investigations in the role of actinobacteria and its secondary metabolites as a biocontrol agent and proposes a commercial application in tea cultivation.
A rare occurrence of reversal in the four‐spotted megrim Lepidorhombus boscii (Risso 1810) (Pleuronectiformes: Scophthalmidae) in the central Adriatic Sea
Authors: Ugrin Nika , Šifner Svjetlana Krstulović
Published: July 2022

One reversal dextral (right‐sided) specimen occurred in the sample of 1070 individuals of four‐spotted megrim Lepidorhombus boscii caught in the central Adriatic Sea from July 2020 to June 2021. This is the first documented occurrence of reversal in this species in the Adriatic Sea. Besides reverse symmetry, the individual showed similar morphological and morphometric characteristics as non‐reversed individuals.
Association of dipeptidyl peptidase IV polymorphism with clinicopathological characters of oral cancer
Authors: Chen Ping‐Ju , Lu Hsueh‐Ju , Nassef Yasser , Lin Chiao‐Wen , Chuang Chun‐Yi , Lee Chia‐Yi , Chiu Yu‐Wei , Yang Shun‐Fa , Yang Wei‐En
Published: July 2022

Objective

To evaluate the associations between dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and clinicopathological characteristics of oral cancer.

Methods

Four loci of DPP4 SNPs (rs7608798 A/G, rs3788979 C/T, rs2268889 T/C, and rs6741949 G/C) were genotyped by using the TaqMan allelic discrimination in 1238 oral cancers patients and 1197 non‐cancer individuals.

Results

The percentage of DPP4 SNP rs2268889 TC + CC was significantly higher in the oral cancer participants compared to the control group (odds ratio [OR]: 1.178, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.004–1.382, p = 0.045). Among 1676 smokers, DPP4 polymorphisms carriers with betel quid chewing were found to have an 8.785‐ to 10.903‐fold risk to have oral cancer compared to DPP4 wild‐type carriers without betel quid chewing. Similar trend was found in individuals with alcohol consumption. Moreover, the oral cancer individuals without cigarette smoking history with at least one varied C allele of DPP4 rs2268889 had a significantly higher percentage of large tumor size with the wild‐type TT homozygote (p = 0.011).

Conclusions

The DPP4 SNP may correlate to the development of oral cancer in those with cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. Besides, the DPP4 SNP rs2268889 could relate to worse clinical course of oral cancer in non‐smokers.
Quality of life in Malaysian children with inflammatory bowel disease: An understudied population
Authors: Lee Gin W , Chew Kee S , Wong Sean Y , Chong Sze Y , Ong Sik Y , Lee Way S
Published: July 2022

Aim

Quality of life (QoL) in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often impaired by underlying disease. We evaluated factors affecting health‐related QoL (HRQoL) in Malaysian children with IBD.

Methods

A cross‐sectional study using IMPACT‐III questionnaires evaluating HRQoL in children aged 8–17 years with duration of IBD of ≥6 months was conducted. IMPACT‐III, a validated instrument designed to measure HRQoL in children with IBD, was used. Higher IMPACT‐III (maximum = 100) score indicates better HRQoL. Impact of socio‐demographic and clinical factors of IBD on the HRQoL was evaluated. Paediatric Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) activity indices were used to classify disease severity.

Results

A total of 75 children (UC = 44, CD = 41; mean (SD) age at diagnosis 8.2 (3.5) years) were interviewed at mean age of 12.8 (2.7) years. Mean IMPACT‐III score was significantly lower in children with more severe disease (mild: 71.8 (13.6) vs. moderate: 65.5 (10.9) vs. severe: 46.3 (14.5); P < 0.001), history of hospitalisation (yes: 64.0 (14.0) vs. none: 74.1 (12.2), P = 0.034) and a higher number of admissions (r = −0.352, P = 0.041) in preceding 6 months. Diagnosis at a younger age (r = −0.31, P = 0.007) and a longer duration of disease (r = 0.286, P = 0.013) was associated with higher score. A higher weight‐for‐age (r = 0.261, P = 0.023) or body mass index‐for‐age z‐score (r = 0.235, P = 0.042) was correlated with a better body image domain score, respectively.

Conclusions

In Malaysian children with IBD, HRQoL was adversely affected by a more severe disease. Better control of disease activity and maintaining long‐term remission are important to improve the HRQoL in childhood IBD.
Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae): Toward a coherent generic circumscription informed by molecular, morphological, and distributional data
Authors: Martínez‐Azorín Mario , Crespo Manuel B. , Alonso‐Vargas María Ángeles , Pinter Michael , Crouch Neil R. , Dold Anthony P. , Mucina Ladislav , Pfosser Martin , Wetschnig Wolfgang
Published: July 2022

The taxonomy and systematics of Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae) have been controversial in recent decades, with contrasting taxonomic treatments proposed based on preliminary and partial studies that have focused on morphology and/or solely plastid DNA sequence data. Some authors have recognized only two genera, with a very broadly conceived Drimia, while others have accepted several genera that, although better defined morphologically, were doubtfully monophyletic. Here, we present phylogenetic analyses involving four plastid DNA regions (trnL intron, trnL‐F spacer, matK, and the trnCGCA‐ycf6 intergenic region), a nuclear region (Agt1), and a selection of 40 morphological characters. Our study covers 293 samples and ca. 160 species of Urgineoideae (ca. 80% of its global diversity). Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood, and maximum parsimony analyses were performed to derive the phylogenetic patterns. The combination of data yielded phylogenetic trees with 31 well‐defined clades or lineages, most corresponding to previously described genera, although some have required description or revised circumscription. As with other monocot families, a considerable degree of homoplasy was observed in morphological characters, especially in those groups with unspecialized flowers; nonetheless, consistent syndromes of traditional and novel characters are shown to support clade recognition at genus rank. The forthcoming revised classification of Urgineoideae is outlined here.
Association of sleep with mental health in Chinese high school students: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Xue Benli , Xue Yaqing , Zheng Xiao , Shi Lei , Liang Pengyan , Dong Fang , Xiao Shujuan , Zhang Jiachi , Qin Zuguo , Xu Ying , Ou Weiyan , Zhang Chichen
Published: July 2022

Adolescents’ sleep problems and their association with mental health is an important public health concern. This study aimed to investigate sleep and mental health status and the association of sleep with mental health in Chinese high school students. Data came from a cross‐sectional study in Guangdong province which included 42,077 high school students. Sleep quality and sleep duration were obtained through self‐report. The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS‐21) was used to measure mental health. The association between sleep quality, sleep duration, and mental health was analysed using logistic regression. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were 35.27%, 42.32%, and 21.87% in high school students, respectively. And only 17.71% and 34.41% of the high school students had very good sleep quality and ≥8 h sleep duration, respectively. Poorer sleep quality and shorter sleep duration were risk factors for mental health problems in high school students. Compared to high school students with very good sleep quality and ≥8 h sleep duration, the high school students with poor or very poor sleep quality and <6 h sleep duration had the highest risk of depression symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 5.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.40–5.72), anxiety symptoms (OR 6.02, 95% CI5.25–6.89), and stress symptoms (OR 6.12, 95% CI5.30–7.06). Considering the combined association of sleep quality and sleep duration on mental health, it is important not only to ensure that high school students have sufficient sleep duration, but also to improve their sleep quality.
ACVIMconsensus statement on diagnosis and management of acute canine thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion
Authors: Olby Natasha J. , Moore Sarah A. , Brisson Brigitte , Fenn Joe , Flegel Thomas , Kortz Gregg , Lewis Melissa , Tipold Andrea
Published: July 2022

Background

Thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (TL‐IVDE) is the most common cause of acute paraparesis and paraplegia in dogs; however, guidelines on management of the condition are lacking.

Objectives

To summarize the current literature as it relates to diagnosis and management of acute TL‐IVDE in dogs, and to formulate clinically relevant evidence‐based recommendations.

Animals

None.

Methods

A panel of 8 experts was convened to assess and summarize evidence from the peer‐reviewed literature in order to develop consensus clinical recommendations. Level of evidence available to support each recommendation was assessed and reported.

Results

The majority of available literature described observational studies. Most recommendations made by the panel were supported by a low or moderate level of evidence, and several areas of high need for further study were identified. These include better understanding of the ideal timing for surgical decompression, expected surgical vs medical outcomes for more mildly affected dogs, impact of durotomy on locomotor outcome and development of progressive myelomalacia, and refining of postoperative care, and genetic and preventative care studies.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Future efforts should build on current recommendations by conducting prospective studies and randomized controlled trials, where possible, to address identified gaps in knowledge and to develop cost effectiveness and number needed to treat studies supporting various aspects of diagnosis and treatment of TL‐IVDE.
Frozen in time: Rangewide genomic diversity, structure, and demographic history of relict American chestnut populations
Authors: Sandercock Alexander M. , Westbrook Jared W. , Zhang Qian , Johnson Hayley A. , Saielli Thomas M. , Scrivani John A. , Fitzsimmons Sara F. , Collins Kendra , Perkins Matthew Taylor , Craddock James Hill , Schmutz Jeremy , Grimwood Jane , Holliday Jason A.
Published: July 2022

American chestnut (Castanea dentata) was once the most economically and ecologically important hardwood species in the eastern United States. In the first half of the 20th century, an exotic fungal pathogen—Cryphonectria parasitica—decimated the species, killing billions of chestnut trees. Two approaches to developing blight‐resistant American chestnut populations show promise, but both will require introduction of adaptive genomic diversity from wild germplasm to produce diverse, locally adapted restoration populations. Here we characterize population structure, demographic history, and genomic diversity in a range‐wide sample of 384 wild American chestnuts to inform conservation and breeding with blight‐resistant varieties. Population structure analyses suggest that the chestnut range can be roughly divided into northeast, central, and southwest populations. Within‐population genomic diversity estimates revealed a clinal pattern with the highest diversity in the southwest, which likely reflects bottleneck events associated with Quaternary glaciation. Finally, we identified genomic regions under positive selection within each population, which suggests that defence against fungal pathogens is a common target of selection across all populations. Taken together, these results show that American chestnut underwent a postglacial expansion from the southern portion of its range leading to three extant genetic populations. These populations will serve as management units for breeding adaptive genetic variation into the blight‐resistant tree populations for targeted reintroduction efforts.
Isolation and short‐term culturing of primary lymphatic endothelial cells from collecting lymphatics: A techniques study
Authors: Jablon Kelli L. , Akerstrom Victoria L. , Li Min , Braun Stephen E. , Norton Charles E. , Castorena‐Gonzalez Jorge A.
Published: July 2022

Objective

To develop an experimental method for routine isolation and short‐term culture of primary lymphatic endothelial cells from specific collecting vessels.

Methods

Lymphatic endothelial cell tubes (LECTs) were isolated from micro‐dissected collecting vessels. LECTs were allowed to attach and grow for ~3 weeks before being passaged. Non‐purified cultures were partially characterized by immunofluorescence and RT‐PCR at passages 1–2.

Results

The method was validated in cultures of primary lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) from male and female mice. After 1 or 2 passages, >60% of the LECs maintained expression of Prox1. Expression of 22 different genes was assessed using RT‐PCR. Prox1, Vegfr3, eNos, Cdh5, Pecam1, Cx43, Cx37, and Cx47, among others, were expressed in these short‐term cultured LECs, while Myh11, Cnn1, Desmin, and Cd11b were not detected. Prox1 expression, as determined by western blotting, was similar in cultured LECs from age‐matched male and female mice. Confocal imaging of intracellular calcium in cultures of primary LECs from Cdh5‐GCaMP8 mice demonstrated that a functional phenotype was maintained, similar to lymphatic endothelial cells in freshly isolated vessels.

Conclusions

This method provides an innovative tool for routine isolation and study of primary LECs from specific collecting lymphatic vessels from any mouse, and in fact, from other species.
Architecture and Freedom in Cornelius Cardew's Octet ’61 for Jasper Johns
Authors: Cline David
Published: July 2022

Cornelius Cardew's Octet ’61 for Jasper Johns is ‘not necessarily for piano’, an epithet which gives advance warning of its eccentricity. With an adventurous presentation that encompasses radical forms of musical indeterminacy, it appears to exhibit all the hallmarks of the American Experimental tradition with which Cardew associated in the 1960s. Yet, layer upon layer of order exists below its seemingly unruly surface. Guided by a previously undocumented compositional plan, this article explores the carefully organised layout of Cardew's graphic imagery. A survey of the distribution of symbols reveals an elaborate infrastructure that exemplifies ideas inherited not from experimentalism, but rather the post‐war European avant‐garde, a discovery which problematises the distinction commonly drawn between the serial and experimental phases of Cardew's career. A concluding review of the more conventionally notated realisation embedded within his Three Winter Potatoes interrogates the unusual interplay between design in the parent work and the freedoms that it sanctions.
Extracellular malate induces stomatal closure via direct activation of guard‐cell anion channel SLAC1 and stimulation of Ca2+ signalling
Authors: Mimata Yoshiharu , Munemasa Shintaro , Nakamura Toshiyuki , Nakamura Yoshimasa , Murata Yoshiyuki
Published: July 2022

Plants secrete malate from guard cells to apoplast under stress conditions and exogenous malate induces stomatal closure. Malate is considered an extracellular chemical signal of stomatal closure. However, the molecular mechanism of malate‐induced stomatal closure is not fully elucidated.

We investigated responses of stomatal aperture, ion channels, and cytosolic Ca2+ to malate.

A treatment with malate induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana wild‐type plants, but not in the mutants deficient in the slow (S‐type) anion channel gene SLOW ANION CHANNEL‐ASSOCIATED 1 (SLAC1). The treatment with malate increased S‐type anion currents in guard‐cell protoplasts of wild‐type plants but not in the slac1 mutant. In addition, extracellular rather than intracellular application of malate increased the S‐type currents of constitutively active mutants of SLAC1, which have kinase‐independent activities, in a heterologous expression system using Xenopus oocytes. The treatment with malate transiently increased cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in the wild‐type Arabidopsis guard cells and the malate‐induced stomatal closure was inhibited by the Ca2+ channel blocker and the Ca2+ chelator.

These results indicate that extracellular malate directly activates SLAC1 and simultaneously stimulates Ca2+ signalling in guard cells, resulting in steady and solid activation of SLAC1 for stomatal closure.
Back off: Disapproval of romantic relationships predicts closeness to disapproving network members
Authors: Gillian Sarah R. , Holmberg Diane , Jenson Kay , Blair Karen L.
Published: July 2022

Is the perception that a social network member (SNM, i.e., friend or family member) disapproves of your romantic relationship associated with perceived changes in emotional closeness to that person? This question was investigated using an online survey (N = 703). Participants reported their current closeness to a disapproving SNM, and retrospectively rated closeness before the disapproval and at the height of disapproval. As predicted, perceiving disapproval was associated with a drop in recalled emotional closeness to the SNM, with stronger disapproval associated with a steeper drop. Closeness recovered somewhat after the point of strongest disapproval, but not nearly to its original level. Analyses on a smaller sample of matched dyads (N = 42) suggested this pattern was identical from the SNM's perspective. The recalled trajectory was moderated by SNM group (i.e., family/friend) and by relationship type (mixed‐sex/same‐sex, and age‐discrepant/similar‐age, but not mixed‐race/same‐race). We discuss implications for those in close relationships and their friends/family members.
The effectiveness of a diagnostic interview and modified one‐session treatment for dental anxiety in primary dental care—A pilot study
Authors: Kurki Pirjo , Korhonen Maija , Honkalampi Kirsi , Suominen Anna Liisa
Published: July 2022

Aims

To investigate the effectiveness of a cognitive–behavioral intervention that included either a diagnostic interview (DI) or a DI combined with modified one‐session treatment (M‐OST) for dental anxiety among adults in a primary care setting.

Methods and results

Nineteen participants were assigned to either a DI before conventional dental treatment (group T1) or DI and M‐OST (group T2). The severity of dental anxiety was measured with three self‐reported measures before and after the intervention: the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF‐4C), and the Visual Analogue Scale‐Anxiety (VAS‐A). Dental care attendance was enquired in a 1‐year follow‐up. The scores for all three scales decreased among both study groups, with the largest decrease recorded in treatment group T1 assessed with the VAS‐A. A higher dental anxiety score measured before the intervention associated most significantly with a higher dental anxiety score after the intervention. At the 1‐year follow‐up, 82% of participants in T1 and 67% in T2 had visited a dentist.

Conclusion

A DI alone and combined with M‐OST is potentially effective in reducing dental anxiety and in supporting the engagement of adult patients with dental treatment in primary dental care.
Projecting nostalgia: Portrayal of memoryscapes in local cinema as place attachment for community‐driven redevelopment of Singapore landscapes
Authors: Toh Zi Gui , Diehl Jessica A.
Published: July 2022

‘Memoryscapes,’ the intangible expression of memories perceived through physical landscapes, are designed by the state to reinforce national identity in Singapore. However, state‐curated memoryscapes become contested when diverging and diverse memories of the people, which manifests as place attachment, are overlooked. The easy accessibility of content creation and consumption empowers people to bypass the perceived rigidity and performativity of top‐down community engagement to express their nuanced opinions on contentious memoryscapes through various media and artform. For example, local cinema that expresses the richness and complexity of place attachment. This research employs a ‘grounded theory’ approach, using local cinema as data to inductively construct a localized conception of place attachment. Findings reveal place attachment as an incremental range of behaviours with varying degrees of activity. With the emergence of a consultative government and progressive society in Singapore, this paper recommends community‐driven engagement in urban redevelopment to create authentic, localized landscapes.
Patterns of psychological pain and self‐harm behaviors in adolescents
Authors: Sun Fang , Li Huanhuan , Song Wei , Bao Jiamin , Zhen Ziang
Published: July 2022

Background

The study examined the role of campus stressors and psychological pain on non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) and suicide attempt (SA).

Methods

Specific patterns of co‐occurring psychological pain, campus stressors, and self‐harm behaviors were identified by latent profile analysis, and their odds ratios (ORs) on NSSI and SA were analyzed in cross‐sectional study and 2‐year follow‐up study. Structural Equation Model was used to explore indirect effect of campus stressors on SA and NSSI via different components of psychological pain.

Results

Three classes were identified as low‐risk class (68.58%) with low endorsements on the three measures, moderate‐risk class (26.52%) with the elevated academic stressors, high levels of painful feelings, and high probabilities on NSSI; and high‐risk class (4.90%) with the elevated combined stressors, high levels of pain avoidance, and high probabilities on SA. Compared to the moderate‐risk class, adolescents in the high‐risk class had a 4.97 OR of reporting NSSI, 17.98 OR of reporting SA. Pain avoidance class at baseline reported a higher probability in SA class (OR = 224.00) in a 2‐year study.

Conclusions

Painful feelings might be shared psychosocial correlates for NSSI and SA. However, pain avoidance may play a role in distinguishing SA from NSSI, which shed light on the intervention of adolescents who engage in self‐harm behaviors.
Meeting the needs of clinician‐educators: An innovative faculty development community of practice
Authors: Bunin Jessica L. , Servey Jessica T.
Published: July 2022

Background

Requirements for faculty development for clinician‐educators continue to increase. The number of faculty with experience delivering faculty development, however, remains limited. To overcome our deficit of faculty developers, we created a train‐the‐trainer programme. We recognised, however, that our plan would not meet the ultimate goal for our programme: Creating faculty developers to meet the faculty development needs of a large, dispersed system. We report on the creation and nurturing of faculty development community of practice (CoP), which we believe could be a solution for many academic systems struggling to engage busy clinicians, mature the teaching abilities of clinician educators, and meet the needs of their accrediting institutions.

Approach

We developed a faculty development CoP with a mission of promoting educational expertise and excellence and ensuring continuous growth of the members of our COP and broader faculty.

Evaluation

A programme evaluation was performed consisting of two elements: The impact on the organisation (workshop and learner related metrics) and the impact on the CoP members (survey). We observed notable outcomes: Delivery of high quality workshops to faculty, attainment of leadership positions, and increases in motivation, networking, skills, confidence, and opportunities available to members.

Implications

Innovations to create and sustain structured faculty development programmes for clinician‐educators are needed. The development and nurturing of a CoP of faculty developers resulted in benefits both for the organisation and CoP members and may be a solution for large academic systems struggling to meet their faculty development demands.
Crustal block origins of the South Scotia Ridge
Authors: Riley Teal R. , Carter Andrew , Burton‐Johnson Alex , Leat Philip T. , Hogan Kelly A. , Bown Paul R.
Published: July 2022

The Cenozoic development of the Scotia Sea and opening of Drake Passage evolved in a complex tectonic setting with sea‐floor spreading accompanied by the dispersal of continental fragments and the creation of rifted oceanic basins. The post‐Eocene tectonic setting of the Scotia Sea is relatively well established, but Late Mesozoic palaeo‐locations of many continental fragments prior to dispersal are largely unknown, with almost no geological control on the submerged banks. Detrital zircon analysis of dredged metasedimentary rocks of Bruce Bank from the South Scotia Ridge demonstrates a geological continuity with the South Orkney microcontinent (SOM) and also a clear geological affinity with the Trinity Peninsula Group metasedimentary rocks of the Antarctic Peninsula and components of the Cordillera Darwin Metamorphic Complex of Tierra del Fuego. Kinematic modelling indicates an Antarctic Plate origin for Bruce Bank and the SOM is the most plausible setting, prior to translation to the Scotia Plate during Scotia Sea opening.
Civil Engineering Student Performance Observation During COVID-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Lee Yeong Huei , Bland Kerri , Low Wai Wah , Wong Shi Yee
Published: July 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic shifted the learning method from conventional face-to-face to online. Such abrupt changes provide insufficient time for students to adapt and hence affect their academic performance. Situation seems to be critical towards engineering education, as it at most applicable to blended learning mode, with limited application of fully online mode. The objectives of this study are to compare students’ academic performance with different delivery methods and identify potential learning-related issues in civil engineering material subject during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Three batches of students in the academic year of 2019, 2020 and 2021, are the targeted population, with the delivery modes of conventional face-to-face mode, mixed mode and fully online mode respectively. All three batches of students were undergoing similar assessments of a fundamental subject, Civil Engineering Materials, in Curtin University Malaysia. The findings revealed that students with fully online mode were not performing well in their assessments, notably final examination. There seems to have a lack of peer assistance and non-adaptability in the online mode. Recommendations such as effective online model and collaborative activities have been included to cope for studies during the pandemic. As it is unpredictable for the evolvement of COVID-19 pandemic, this study suggests future research to look into ways of strengthening online teaching tools in engineering degree programmes.
Making the First Semester Your Own: Personal Experience and Lessons from a Chemical Engineering Freshman
Authors: Ghoshal Sourashis
Published: July 2022

There lies a sea of reviews and experiences on the progression from engineering students to diverse careers and countless other pursuits. Yet, less is mentioned about the actual student First Year Experience (FYE), in particular: relating to the context of engineering, and towards becoming advanced learners. In order to stimulate awareness and strengthen confidence among future learners entering undergraduate engineering programs, especially chemical engineering, this paper integrates three key aspects: a genuine reflection from an undergraduate engineering student on the first semester; how to benefit as much as possible from the very beginning at University, and most importantly, making the learning process suited to one’s abilities. This is to explore more about how first year students can identify learning methods suited to their own strengths and a growing factor to their weaknesses. In addition, this paper intends to showcase a brief process in crafting and developing an initial engineering identity as a student, and advance to what is hoped to be a successful engineering education and career. I personally found my first semester at University of Technology Malaysia (UTM) to be inspirational and a boost to my love for all facets relating to elementary engineering know-how. Hence, through my writing, I share “true to life” experiences in my personal learning journey through the first semester at UTM. This will be entwined with lessons I learnt on how to gain the most from the start, shaping a mature mindset and much more. Ultimately, it aims to motivate fresh engineering students of the future, and display to them that in every step of the undergraduate journey, lies lessons, whether it be in their failures or successes.
Purification of Soybean Oligosaccharides of Tofu Whey Using a Hybrid Process Based on Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Nanofiltration
Authors: Sriniworn P. , Wichienchot S. , Youravong W.
Published: July 2022

Tofu whey, liquid waste of tofu processing, contains valuable components including protein, mono- and di-saccharide (glucose, fructose, sucrose, MDS) and soy oligosaccharide (stachyose, raffinose, SOS). Recovery of these components, therefore, is essential regarding sustainable food processing approach. Ultrafiltration (UF) has been successfully used for concentration of tofu whey protein. In this study, nanofiltration was employed to harvest and purify SOS from tofu whey UF-permeate.  NF-membrane selection, hydrolysis of tofu whey UF-permeate and NF of pre-hydrolysis of tofu whey UF- permeate were performed to achieve the best condition for purification. It was found that the membrane, NF-DK-2540 was superior than that of NF-DL-2540 with the retention rate of stachyose (94%), raffinose (87%), sucrose (65%), glucose (7.8%) and fructose (4.3%). These results indicated that NF could harvest SOS and remove monosaccharide with acceptable retention. However, its sucrose retention was considerably high. Therefore, an enzymatic hydrolysis of UF-permeate was employed to convert sucrose to glucose and fructose. The results indicated that the use of NF combined with enzymatic hydrolysis could significantly remove MDS from tofu whey UF-permeate and consequently increasing the purity of SOS.
Grand Challenges in Membrane Process for Gas Separation
Authors: Shei Ming Wong , Jawad Zeinab Abbas , Qasim Mohammad
Published: July 2022

Membrane technology is the most promising technology in the post-combustion capture technology compared to absorption, adsorption and cryogenic distillation methods. It is an advanced new technology for recovery of carbon dioxide. It has several advantages when compared to other methods due to its’ simple process, low cost, lower footprint, sustainable environment and energy saving method. The challenge is the fabrication method of the polymeric membrane, and it depends on the particular utilisation of the membrane. Different morphologies of the membrane structure can be produced using different methods.
Aproximación a la parroquia como sacramento de comunión a partir de una lectura eclesial del banquete eucarístico
Authors:   , Suárez Poveda Eduardo
Published: July 2022

La eucaristía "fuente y cumbre de la vida de nuestra iglesia y de cada una de sus comunidades" (L.G.11), es el gran don que Cristo nos ha dado en su pascua como sacramento de comunión. Para hacer una aproximación a la parroquia como sacramento de comunión se parte de una mirada una aproximación a la parroquia como sacramento de comunión se parte de una mirada de la realidad en las dimensiones socio-cultural, socio-político, y pastoral constatando un marcado individualismo. Se ilumina a partir de la constituciones conciliares L.G| D.V| S.C y en las fuentes de algunos teólogos y expertos del tema. Los enfoques cristológico, eclesiológico, y bíblico ayudan a caracterizar la parroquia como sacramento de comunión, Jesús verdadero cordero que se inmola, en el don que se entrega a la iglesia, sacramento de la unión intima con Dios y de la unidad de todo el género humano (L.G. 1). Todo el pueblo está unido por la Trinidad. El banquete eucarístico realiza la unidad de todos creyentes. Crea y educa en la comunicación por el Espiritu Santo. A la parroquia el obispo la constituye en la iglesia particular, su renovación necesaria desde la categoría de comunidad de fieles.
Tensiones y distensiones en la práctica evaluativa
Authors:   , Puentes Piñeros Luz Ángela
Published: July 2022

Este estudio persigue evaluar las prácticas
educativas del aprendizaje a la luz del programa
e bachillerato internacional. A partir de esta
exploración se pretenden descubrir aciertos y
desaciertos en la evaluación del aprendizaje en
la relación modelo de gestión del Colegio (The
English School) y lineamientos propuestos por el
programa. Esto se llevo a cabo haciendo estudio
de las concepciones docentes y las percepciones
de los estudiantes en cuanto su práctica
evaluativa. El propósito final es reflexionar
sobre dichas prácticas de manera tal que
permitan adoptar una mirada crítica en cuanto a
los modelos de aprendizaje y las maneras de hacer
al estudiante participe en toso su proceso de
evaluación.
La racionalidad campesina frente a la producción agropecuaria en el municipio de Garagoa
Authors:   , Parra Serrano William Genaro
Published: July 2022

El estudio muestra como la racionalidad de la población campesina influye en los procesos de desarrollo rural, se partió de identificar y analizar características sociales, económicas, ambientales, sus formas de pensar, actuar y el funcionamiento de algunas políticas agrarias en los sistemas de producción campesinos en el municipio de Garagora-Boyacá. La investigación evidencia que los sistemas agropecuarios son el medio de vida del campesino garagoense. Alrededor de estos se desarrollan las actividades familiares, económicas, sociales y culturales. La finca es vista como su mundo, su hogar y lugar de sustento. En las fincas estudiadas, encontramos una agricultura en transición de modelos tradicionales hacia una agricultura comercial, competitiva de crecimiento económico, combinando estrategias monetarias (transacciones de mercado) con estrategias no monetarias de ámbito domestico, mostrando la voluntad de los campesinos de lograr mayores niveles de bienestar. Las familias son más flexibles en la toma de decisiones y estas son resueltas en conjunto, influenciadas por factores económicos, ambientales y sociales. Los campesinos conocen algunas políticas del sector agropecuario y han sido beneficiados de ellas, las dificultades en su implementación, se deben a causas deferentes a su racionalidad económica, no se puede atribuir tampoco a la filosofía y/o objetivos de las políticas, si no a otros factores como el desconocimiento de las leyes, a su promoción por parte de las entidades responsables de sus implementación y muchas veces a la falta de recursos económicos y de tierras por parte de las familias para poder aplicar las políticas en sus fincas.
Propuesta de gestión educativa para el Colegio Distrital Ciudad de Villavicencio IED, desde la perspectiva de la ética del cuidado de sí
Authors:   , Bojacá Sánchez Hernán Darío , Robayo Acero Arsenio Enrique
Published: July 2022

En los últimos años en los colegios no solo
de la ciudad de Bogotá, sino en diferentes
contextos del mundo, se han incrementado los
índices de violencia, al igual que los
suicidios, asesinatos de estudiantes y
profesores, actos de vandalismo al interior y en
los alrededores de las instalaciones escolares.
Igualmente se observa la ausencia de un proyecto
de vida definido para los jóvenes que pasan por
las diferentes aulas. Afrontar el reto de formar
en una sociedad cada vez más compleja se
convierte en una tarea ardua y más cuando no
existen elementos de Gestión que orienten la
tarea educativa, es por ello que el presente
trabajo da respuesta a cuestionamientos sobre la
pertinencia de la Gestión Educativa y al sentido
que puede imprimir la ética del cuidado a la
gestión en la escuela. El diseño de la
propuesta de gestión se realiza teniendo como
punto de partida la realidad del Colegio
Distrital Ciudad de Villavicencio IED con una
visión amplia para los colegios que pretendan
avanzar hacia una gestión de excelencia.
Reconfiguración de las identidades, del sentido del territorio y de los intercambios sociales de los excombatientes de grupos armados ilegales guerrilla y paramilitares en el departamento del Meta
Authors:   , Tibaquira Vergaño Dora Isabel
Published: July 2022

El trabajo se presenta como una construcción analítica a partir del estudio de los procesos de desmovilización de excombatientes de grupos armados ilegales en Colombia, indagación por los procesos de reconstrucción de identidades y opciones de vida bajo el lente de la aprehensión del territorio y la reconstrucción de nuevas redes sociales. Trabajo que no tiene referencia en estudios de los procesos de desmovilización y reinserción en al país. Su énfasis está en el análisis de casos de excombatientes adultos, hombres y mujeres ex guerrilleros y ex paramilitares con experiencias de guerra de más de 2 años, con diferencias de condición de género y de grupo armado de pertenencia, que refieren diversidad en la toma de las decisiones, en las vivencias como combatiente y ahora como ciudadano en escenarios de la vida cotidiana en la legalidad. El estudio da cuenta de la complejidad de estos procesos con diversas rutas y contradicciones, inscritas en un contexto de conflicto armado vigente y con la solicitud permanente de hacer un borrón y cuenta nueva. Estas experiencias tienen soporte en un principio de oportunidad| desde donde se presentan diversas opciones, que en la mayoría.
Lo justo, entre lo bueno y lo legal. Un diálogo entre la intencionalidad ética de Paul Ricoeur y el constructivismo político de John Rawls
Authors:   , Montoya Londoño Mauricio
Published: July 2022

El propósito principal de esta tesis es argumentar que la filosofía práctica de John Rawls y Paul Ricoeur son complementarias, en el sentido en que la primera establece una concepción pública de la justicia para tomar decisiones morales políticas y jurídicas, mientras la segunda, proporciona la vía para obtener un contenido ético en un juicio en situación. La tesis parte de un conjunto de objeciones al concepto de persona moral en Rawls, seguido por una revisión de los estudios de la semántica y la pragmática filosófica realizados por Ricoeur con el objeto de explicar la noción identidad idem. Posteriormente, se realiza un análisis de la razón práctica kantiana y aristotélica con el objeto de comprender el sentido que Ricoeur le da a las nociones estima de sí y respeto de sí. Al final de la tesis se lleva a cabo un estudio comparativo del sentido de la justicia en Ricoeur, Aristóteles y Rawls| sin embargo, se profundiza en conceptos tales como: los poderes de los ciudadanos (lo razonable y lo racional), constructivismo político, consenso traslapado, bondad como racionalidad, razón pública, entre otros, con el objeto de demostrar que la filosofía moral de Rawls no es trascendental en el sentido planteado por las objeciones ontológicas. La tesis finaliza profundizando el argumento principal: la complementariedad de la razón práctica que poseen los desarrollos teóricos de Rawls y Ricoeur en términos morales, políticos y jurídicos.