bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEMS OF COMPENSATION OF NEAR-SURFACE HETEROGENEITY IN SEISMIC EXPLORATION USING SEISMIC REFLECTION METHOD
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Sysoev A. P.
Published: August 2023

The solution of the problem of compensation of the near-surface heterogeneity (NSH) is an obligatory component of the digital processing technology of CDP data. The main result in the theory of solving this problem was determined by the equation of the normal traveltime curve of the common mid point with an additive component describing static corrections at the points of shotpoint and geophone. The substantiation of methods for compensation of heterogeneity based on the structure of high-speed model of the NSH is carried out in the present paper. Three variants of the NSH model corresponding to the zone of low velocities, heterogeneity of underlying bedrock deposits and variable relief of daytime surface are considered. The research subject is analytical methods for solving the problem of field continuation aimed at eliminating the influence of NSH on the kinematic parameters of wave field: method of static corrections and parametric method. Applications of methods are determined by the ratio of near-surface section velocities and underlying deposits. The requirements to the methodology of field observations and digital data processing ensuring the uniqueness of problem solution are considered for the compensation problem of heterogeneity of low-velocity zone.
KARA GOLD ORE CLUSTER (EASTERN TRANSBAIKALIA): GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF ORES, THE RELATIONSHIP OF MAGMATISM WITH MINERALIZATION
Authors:   Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology SB RAS, Chita, Russia, Abramov B. N.
Published: August 2023

Dykes of the Amudzhikano-Sretenskiy complex (J3–K1) including hybrid porphyries are widely developed in the area of the Kara gold ore cluster. The parameters of the lanthanides distribution in them are close to those of ores of the quartz-tourmaline-pyrite association, indicating probable single sources of their formation. In hybrid porphyries, ΣTR is 52.24–123.35; in ores of the quartz-tourmaline-pyrite association ΣTR is 52.82–133.78. In hybrid porphyries, Eu/Sm is 0.18–0.65; in ores of the quartz-tourmaline-pyrite association Eu/Sm is 0.18–0.47. The degree of differentiation of magmatic chambers according to Eu/Eu* is 0.61-2.26 in dikes of hybrid porphyries; Eu/Eu* is 0.78–1.49 in ores of quartz-tourmaline-pyrite association. The represented data indicate that their magmatic chambers of dikes of hybrid porphyries and quartz-tourmaline-pyrite ores were not differentiated and, consequently, had a deep source. According to the geochemical composition, part of the Amudzhikano-Sretenskiy complex granite values corresponds to ore-bearing granites with goldmolybdenum mineralization. Ores of the actinolite-magnetite association are characterized by the highest gold contents among productive stages of gold mineralization. Close correlation relationships of Au with Zn, W, Mo were established in ores of the actinolite-magnetite association; in ores of the quartz-tourmaline-pyrite association – with Mo, Pb; in ores of the quartz-arsenopyrite association – with Pb, Mo, As, Ag.
The Influence of Maqasid Shariah Index and Shariah Business Good Governance on the Profit Growth of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Zainuri  , Umi Cholifah  , Erika Ayu Pandini
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
This research aims to investigate the impact of Maqasid Shariah Index and Shariah business good governance on the profit growth of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia during the period 2017 to 2021. The study employs a quantitative research method with the Panel Least Square (PLS) approach, and Lagrange Multiplier test is used to determine the appropriate regression model. The Common Effect Model (CEM) is found to be the best fit regression model. After conducting the Lagrange Multiplier test, the study proceeds to examine the classical assumptions. The research population consists of Islamic commercial banks registered with the Financial Services Authority during 2017-2021, and the sample includes those banks that have published financial reports and Shariah business good governance reports. The main finding of this research reveals a significant positive influence of Shariah business good governance on the profit growth of Islamic commercial banks. This indicates that the increased implementation of Shariah business good governance principles leads to a significant enhancement in profit growth. This study provides valuable insights for Islamic banks to reevaluate their business and financial governance systems to align with Islamic principles.
Keywords: Maqasid Shariah Index, Shariah Business Good Governance, Islamic Commercial Banks, Profit Growth, Indonesia.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi dampak Indeks Maqasid Syariah dan Good Governance Bisnis Syariah yang baik terhadap pertumbuhan laba bank umum syariah di Indonesia selama periode 2017 hingga 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Panel Least Square (PLS), dan uji Lagrange Multiplier digunakan untuk menentukan model regresi yang sesuai. Common Effect Model (CEM) terbukti menjadi model regresi yang terbaik. Setelah melakukan uji Lagrange Multiplier, penelitian ini melanjutkan dengan menguji asumsi-asumsi klasik. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari bank umum syariah yang terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan selama periode 2017-2021, dan sampel penelitian mencakup bank-bank tersebut yang telah menerbitkan laporan keuangan dan laporan Good Governance Bisnis Syariah. Hasil utama dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan adanya pengaruh positif dan signifikan dari Good Governance Bisnis Syariah yang baik terhadap pertumbuhan laba bank umum syariah. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin bank umum syariah menerapkan prinsip-prinsip Good Governance Bisnis Syariah yang baik, maka pertumbuhan labanya akan meningkat secara signifikan. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan yang berharga bagi bank-bank syariah untuk mengevaluasi kembali sistem Good Governance Bisnis Syariah dan keuangannya agar sejalan dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah.
Kata Kunci: Indeks Maqasid Syariah, Good Governance Bisnis Syariah, Bank Umum Syariah, Pertumbuhan Laba, Indonesia.
E-zakat fund accountability: Study on amil zakat institution Lazismu in Tokopedia
Authors: Ramadania Shabrina , Shauki Elvia Rosantina
Published: August 2023

Purpose – This study aims to explore and construct an accountability model for managing E-Zakat Funds in Lazismu for zakat funds collected online through Tokopedia. Methodology – This study applies a qualitative approach with a case study design. Interviews were used to collect the data with 7 (seven) informants, namely two from Lazismu, two from Tokopedia, and three informants from muzakki. Content, thematic, and constant comparative analyses were applied in this study.Findings – Exposed selves’ theory is very clear considering that no regulation applies this form of liability, thus creating limitations in claiming something beyond the supposed obligation. Opaque selves theory is also the reason that Tokopedia has not displayed the personal data of each muzaki for the e-zakat paid due to Tokopedia’s customer privacy. Decision Usefulness Theory, Tokopedia has fulfilled the needs according to the recipient criteria needed in this case, muzaki. Still, Tokopedia has not acted transparently regarding the distribution of funds in detail to the public and other stakeholders.Implications – This finding indicates the need for Amil Zakat Institutions (LAZ) management to pay special attention to e-zakat accountability. The results of this study offer an e-zakat accountability model that can be used by LAZ, which raises funds through the marketplace. Originality – There is still limited research that specifically examines the accountability of e-zakat funds.
The effect of a countercyclical Covid 19 policy on the main financial ratios in Islamic rural banks
Authors: Maulana Rizki , Sriyana Jaka
Published: August 2023

Purpose – This study aims to evaluate the impact of financial services authority's regulation (POJK) regarding the implementation of Covid-19 Countercyclical in Islamic rural banks.Methodology – This study uses time-series data taken from Financial Services Authority (OJK)'s database covering the period from March 2020 - March 2022. Cointegration test show that there is no cointeggration and the variable is not stationary at the same order/degree, therefore the VAR method is used.Findings – This study reveals that POJK have significant impact on CAR, EAQ, and REO ratios and integrated in the long term. Moreover, this study also find that POJK have a causal or reciprocal effect on CAR and REO which occur in one direction. Futhermore, this study portrays that POJK have a positive impact in returning CAR, EAQ and REO ratios to a positive condition at least 10 months since POJK published, except for CR that before pandemic was in a positive condition.Implications – It is necessary for the BPRS to conduct a stress test on the implementation of the said restructuring and its impact on the finances and ratios of the BPRS as the first step for the BPRS to carry out mitigation if things that are not desired by the BPRS occur. Originality – This paper examines the effect of the implementation of POJK Number 11/POJK.03/2020 which is further amended through POJK Number 48/POJK.03/2020 concerning national economic stimulus as a countercyclical policy impact of the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 on the Islamic rural bank soundness level during Covid 19 pandemic.
An Alternative Method for Estimating the Peak Flow for a Regional Catchment Considering the Uncertainty through Continuous Simulation
Authors: Brown Iain , McDougall Kevin , Chadalavada Sreeni , Alam Md Jahangir
Published: August 2023

Estimating peak flow for a catchment is commonly undertaken using the design event method, however this method does not allow for the understanding of uncertainty in the result. This research first presents a simplified method of fragments approach to rainfall disaggregation that ignores the need to consider seasonality, offering a greater diversity in storm patterns within the resulting sub-daily rainfall. By simulating 20 iterations of the disaggregated sub-daily rainfall within a calibrated continuous simulation hydrologic model, we were able to produce multiple long series of stream flow at the outlet of the catchment. With this data, we investigated the use of both the annual maximum and peaks over threshold approaches to flood frequency analysis and found that for a one in 100 year annual exceedance probability peak flow, the peaks over threshold method (333m3/s ±50m3/s) was significantly less uncertain than the annual maximum method (427m3/s ±100m3/s). For the one in 100 year annual exceedance probability, the median peak flow from the peaks over threshold method (333m3/s) produced an outcome comparable to the design event method peak flow (328m3/s), indicating that this research offers an alternative approach to estimating peak flow, with the additional benefit of understanding the uncertainty in the estimation. Finally, the paper highlighted the impact that length and period of streamflow has on peak flow estimation and noted that previous assumptions around the minimum length of gauged streamflow required for flood frequency analysis may not be appropriate in particular catchments.
Power Sources for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: State - of - the Art Review
Authors: Saravanakumar Yavinaash Naidu , Sultan Mohamed Thariq Hameed , Shahar Farah Syazwani , Giernacki Wojciech , Łukaszewicz Andrzej , Nowakowski Marek , Holovatyy Andriy , Stępień Sławomir
Published: August 2023

Over the past few years, there has been an increasing fascination with electric unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) because of their capacity to undertake demanding and perilous missions, while also delivering advantages in terms of flexibility, safety, and expenses. These UAVs are revolutionizing various public services, encompassing real-time surveillance, search and rescue operations, wildlife assessments, delivery services, wireless connectivity, and precise farming. To enhance their efficiency and duration, UAVs typically employ a hybrid power system. This system integrates diverse energy sources, such as fuel cells, batteries, solar cells, and supercapacitors. The selection of an appropriate hybrid power arrangement and the implementation of an effective energy management system are crucial for the successful functioning of advanced UAVs. This article specifically concentrates on UAV platforms powered by batteries, incorporating innovative technologies like in-flight recharging via laser beams and tethering. It provides an all-encompassing and evaluative examination of the current cutting-edge power supply configurations, with the objective of identifying deficiencies, presenting perspectives, and offering recommendations for future consideration in this domain.
Unraveling the role of molecular profiling in predicting treatment response in stage III colorectal cancer patients: Insights from the IDEA International Study
Authors: Messaritakis Ippokratis , Psaroudaki Eleni , Vogiatzoglou Konstantinos , Sfakianaki Maria , Topalis Pantelis , Iliopoulos Ioannis , Mavroudis Dimitrios , Tsiaoussis John , Gouvas Nikolaos , Tzardi Maria , Souglakos Ioannis
Published: August 2023

Background: This study aimed to investigate the molecular profiles of stage III CRC patients from the international IDEA study. It also sought to correlate these profiles with Toll-like and vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, clinicopathological and epidemiological characteristics, and patient outcomes.
Methods: Whole Exome Sequencing and PCR-RFLP on surgical specimens and blood samples, respectively, were performed to identify molecular profiling and the presence of Toll-like and vitamin D polymorphisms. Bioinformatic analysis revealed mutational status.
Results: Among the enrolled patients, 63.7% were male, 66.7% had left-sided tumors, and 55.7% received CAPOX as adjuvant chemotherapy. Whole exome sequencing identified 59 mutated genes in 11 different signaling pathways from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) CRC panel. On average, patients had 8 mutated genes (range, 2-21 genes). Mutations in ARAF and MAPK10 emerged as independent prognostic factors for reduced DFS (p=0.027 and p<0.001, respectively), while RAC3 and RHOA genes emerged as independent prognostic factors for reduced OS (p=0.029 and p=0.006, respectively). Right-sided tumors were also identified as independent prognostic factors for reduced DFS (p=0.019) and OS (p=0.043). Additionally, patients with tumors in the transverse colon had mutations in genes related to apoptosis, PIK3-Akt, Wnt, and MAPK signaling pathways.
Conclusions: Molecular characterization of tumor cells can enhance our understanding of the disease course. Mutations may serve as promising prognostic biomarkers, offering improved treatment options. Confirming these findings with require larger patient cohorts and international collaborations to establish correlations between molecular profiling, clinicopathological and epidemiological characteristics and clinical outcomes.
B-Cell Lymphoma of the Middle Ear in a Cat that Responded Well to Multidrug Chemotherapy
Authors: Takahashi Tomoko , Nagata Hiroyuki , Kondo Hirotaka
Published: August 2023

Primary lymphoma of the middle ear is rare in cats, and little information has been accumulated on the treatment and course. An 11-year-old spayed female mixed-breed cat was brought to our hospital with facial nerve paralysis, which had been stable using prednisolone for 3 months. She was diagnosed with B-cell lymphoma of the right middle ear after otoscopic sampling, which showed evidence of filling of bilateral tympanic bullae on computed tomography. Hepatic metastasis was suspected and she was treated with multidrug chemotherapy, resulting in clinical remission. On day 176, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography was performed as a checkup, revealing tumor invasion into the nasopharyngeal region and recurrence of hepatic lesions without any brain abnormality. Nasal congestion then worsened and the patient died on day 228 after presenting with generalized seizures. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of invasion to surrounding tissues and hepatic metastasis in cases of feline primary middle ear lymphoma.
TiO2-Based Photocatalytic Building Material for Air Purification in Sustainable and Low-Carbon Cities: A Review
Authors: Bai Xiao yu , Meng Hong , Wu Que , Wei Yuan chen , Zhang Yong qing
Published: August 2023

TiO2-based building materials have air purification, auto-cleaning and sterilization functions, and these innovative green building materials have great potential for energy-saving and emission reduction applications in the future. However, there are still great challenges in improving photocatalytic efficiency and stability from laboratory to practical applications. In recent years, researchers have done a lot of work to improve the efficiency and stability of TiO2-based building materials. This paper briefly discussed the air purification principle by photocatalytic building, and the preparation techniques of TiO2-based building materials and the strategies to improve the efficiency of TiO2. Moreover, this paper has outlined the key factors that affect the photocatalytic building performance in practical applications, and analyzed the limitations and future development trends. Finally, we proposed some suggestions for further research on photocatalytic buildings and its application in practice, aiming to provide an efficient reference for developing highly efficient and stable photocatalytic building materials. The aim of this paper is to provide effective guidance for the application of TiO2-based photo-catalysts in the field of green buildings, helping to develop more efficient and stable low-carbon buildings for the development of sustainable cities.
Exoplanet Atmosphere Characterization via Transit Spectra Classification
Authors: Fortela Dhan Lord , Travis Armani , Mikolajczyk Ashley , Sharp Wayne
Published: August 2023

This study focused on demonstrating the potential of classification algorithm in the chemical composition characterization of transiting exoplanets. The Python-based module PLATON 5.3 for forward modelling of transiting planet spectra was used to simulate a set of transmission spectra of an exoplanet with size Rp = 1.40*Rjupiter, and mass Mp = 0.73*Mjupiter orbiting around the host star of size Ms = 1.16*Msun and surface temperature of 1200 Kelvin. The gas composition of the exoplanet atmosphere was varied at low and high levels of 3-gas mix of CO2, O2, N2 and CH4 resulting to eight classes of spectra. The transit spectra were then used as input data to a forward neural network classifier with the eight gas composition classes as target outputs. The trained classifier achieved at most 97.9% overall accuracy.
Medya Endüstrisinde Sanal Etkileyicilerin Konumu: İnstagram Örneği Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: TARI İnci
Published: August 2023

Son on yılda hızla büyüyen sosyal medya endüstrisi, günümüzde medya endüstrisinin önemli bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Sosyal medyada 2015 yılından başlayarak öne çıkan sanal etkileyiciler medya gündeminde sıklıkla yer almakta, kimi zaman reklamcılığın geleceği olarak gösterilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı sanal etkileyici sektörünün güncel durumunu belirlemek, medya ve reklam endüstrisinde önemli bir yer tutup tutmadıklarını tespit etmektir. Bu amaçla sanal etkileyiciler üzerine uzmanlaşmış bir internet sitesi olan virtualhumans.org sitesi incelenmiş, sosyal medyanın en popüler platformlarından biri olan Instagram’da etkin olan 193 sanal etkileyici belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında ele alınan hesaplar 15.11.2022 itibarıyla takipçi sayıları, kimlik doğrulamaları olup olmadığı, son gönderi tarihleri, ortalama kaç günde bir gönderi yaptıkları, ülkeleri ve görüntüleri gibi ölçütlere göre genel tarama modellerinden anlık durum saptama ve içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmanın sonuçları bir milyonun üzerinden takipçisi olan sanal etkileyici sayısının henüz sadece sekiz olduğunu, incelenen 193 hesap içinde aktif gönderi yapanların oranının %54,4’de kaldığını ve bazı hesapların belli bir popülerlik yakaladıktan sonra pasifleştiğini göstermektedir. Sanal etkileyicilerin dörtte birden fazlasının ABD menşeili olduğu tespit edilebilmekte; ABD’yi G. Kore, Japonya, İngiltere takip etmekte, kimlik doğrulaması olan hesap sayısı ise %20,7 olarak belirlenmektedir. Sektörle ilgili en önemli problem ise yaratılan bu sanal kimliklerin sürdürülebilirliği noktasında yaşanmaktadır.
“Pure Rat Country” – Reflections on Case Decision 2022-001-FB-UA of Facebook Oversight Board (Knin Cartoon Case)
Authors: Lendvai G. F.
Published: August 2023

Objective: the present paper aims to analyse Case Decision 2022-001-FB-UA of Facebook Oversight Board, also known as the Knin cartoon case and attempts to put the case as well as its procedure in a historical and cultural context to set out a critical approach concerning Facebook’s content moderation.

Methods: the paper uses desk research as the primary source of method. The paper’s resource background builds upon comparative case studies and case analysis as well. The paper uses resources from various disciplines: legal philosophy, international law, media law, platform regulation, history.

Results: the paper presents the context of the Knin cartoon case as well as the key findings of the Oversight Board and the reasoning behind its decision. Furthermore, this paper aims to reflect on the idea of hate speech as interpreted by the Oversight Board and makes a tentative to contextualise and introduce the main problems and possible solutions regarding Meta’s content moderation in the scope of the present case.

Scientific novelty: the Knin case has not been analysed in such historical and contextual depth before as the case decision was issued in 2022. Only a few analyses from merely legal standpoints were published thus far.

Practical significance: the findings regarding the Knin case may be of importance of three main aspects: (1) it could be used for further critical analyses on Facebook’s content moderation, (2) it could serve as a recommendation regarding platform regulation and guideline development and (3) it presents the paramount relevance and significance of the holistic interpretational perspectives when determining hate speech. As for the latter the present paper argues that the historical, cultural, societal and symbolic interpretation and understanding of hate speech determination is not only instrumental, but the only viable method to understand, determine and judge upon alleged hate speech cases.
The seasons within: a theoretical perspective on photoperiodic entrainment and encoding
Authors: Schmal Christoph
Published: August 2023

Circadian clocks are internal timing devices that have evolved as an adaption to the omnipresent natural 24h rhythmicity of daylight intensity. Properties of the circadian system are photoperiod dependent. The phase of entrainment varies systematically with season. Plastic photoperiod dependent re-arrangements in the mammalian circadian core pacemaker yield an internal representation of season. Output pathways of the circadian clock regulate photoperiodic responses such as flowering time in plants or hibernation in mammals. Here, we review concepts of seasonal entrainment and photoperiodic encoding. We introduce conceptual phase oscillator models as their high level of abstraction but, yet, intuitive interpretation of underlying parameters allows for a straight-forward analysis of principles that determine entrainment characteristics. Results from this class of models are related and discussed in the context of more complex conceptual amplitude-phase oscillators as well as contextual molcecular models that take into account organism, tissue and cell-type specific details.
Fractional Nadeem trigonometric non-Newtonian (NTNN) fluid model based on Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative with heated boundaries
Authors: Nadeem Sohail , Ishtiaq Bushra , Alzabut Jehad , Hassan Ahmad M
Published: August 2023

The fractional model of Caputo-Fabrizio derivative in various physical flow problems has significant advantages with its implementations in manufacturing and engineering fields. This fractional derivative model provides realistic solutions to the flow system. Therefore, the current study has the main objective of implementation of Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative on the flow phenomenon of trigonometric non-Newtonian fluid. The time-dependent flow mechanism is assumed to be developed through a vertical infinite plate. The thermal radiation’s effects are incorporated into the analysis of heat transfer. With the help of mathematical formulations, the physical flow system is expressed. The governing equations of the flow system acquire the dimensionless form through the involvement of the dimensionless variables. The application of Caputo-Fabrizio derivative is implemented to achieve the fractional model of the dimensionless system. An exact solution of the fractional-based dimensionless system of the equations is acquired through the technique of the Laplace transform. Physical interpretation of temperature and velocity distributions relative to the pertinent parameters is visualized via graphs. The current study concludes that the higher values of fluid parameter improve the velocity field. Moreover, both distributions exhibit an accelerating nature corresponding to the order of the fractional operator.
Interaction-focused music therapy with cancer-affected children and their significant others: a randomized controlled feasibility study with subsequent intervention (INMUT)
Authors: Boyde Constance , Berger Bettina , Längler Alfred , Neugebauer Lutz , Jacobsen Stine , Swanick Rachel , Gäbel Christine , Schneider Dominik , Bernbeck Benedikt , Paulussen Michael , Ostermann Thomas , Hunger-Schoppe Christina
Published: August 2023

Background: Paediatric oncology/haematology patients and their families are in an existentially threatening situation for which music therapy has proven as a cross-linguistic field of action. The creative act of making music together offers the possibility to strengthen competences and makes conflicts tangible in a direct way. Besides its complementing of evidence-based biomedical care, there is little research on the feasibility and efficacy of interactive music therapy including the child and its significant other.
Methods:We conducted an assessor blind, prospective, multicentric feasibility randomized controlled trial (RCT) with subsequent intervention. Including 52 child-referent dyads, it investigates interaction-focused music therapy with cancer-affected children and their significant others (INMUT-KB; n = 21) compared to music therapy only with the child (MUT-K; n = 21),and a wait-list group (WLG; n = 10). The measurement points include the screening for a cancer diagnosis, psychometric baseline (pre-T1), initial assessment (T1/T2), music therapy sessions (T3-T9), final assessment (T10), final psychometric evaluation (post-T10), and 3-month follow-up(T11). Feasibility and acceptability of the (1) research methodology, (2) intervention, (3) estimation of effect sizes, and (4) service use for health economic evaluation will be assessed using qualitative and quantitative data. The proposed primary outcome includes the parent-child interaction (APCI), and the proposed secondary outcomes refer to the quality of life (KINDL), symptomatology (SCL-9k), social system functioning (EXIS), the psychosocial burden (BAS), resources (WIRF) and the child’s and significant other’s goal attainment (GAS). We plan to investigate the efficacy of INMUT-KB and MUT-K post-intervention (T10) within the RCT design, and at 3-month follow-up (T11).
Discussion: This study will provide insights into the feasibility of INMUT, and the final sample needed for a confirmatory RCT. We will reflect on successfully implemented study procedures, and provide recommendations for changes considering the design, procedures, measures, and statistical analyses, if necessary. The discussion will conclude with an evaluation whether a confirmatory RCT is worth the investment of future resources, including the calculated number of child-referent dyads needed based on the efficacy trends derived from this feasibility study.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05534282; date of registration: 06/23/2022.
Sustainable utilization of unsaleable walnut kernel in substitution for corn grain in the diet of fattening lambs improves growth performance and meat quality
Authors: Dayani Omid , Khatibi Ali , Tajaddini Mohammad Amin
Published: August 2023

As a cost-effective typical co-product of walnut processing; this study aimed to investigate the effects of feeding poor quality, unsaleable walnut kernel, also known as wasted walnut (WW) kernel, on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and fatty acid (FA) composition of fattening lambs. The experiment was conducted using 24 fattening lambs (27 ±1.07 kg initial BW) assigned to two total mixed concentrate-based diets, over a 80-day experimental period on a completely randomized design. Dietary treatments were: 1) WW (10% WW), and 2) CON (without WW). Average daily and total gain, and final weight increased with WW inclusion (P < 0.05). Also, a significant enhancement in feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05) and carcass cooler shrink loss (P = 0.03) were observed by feeding WW. Dry matter intake (DMI) was not influenced by feeding WW as did carcass prime cuts, meat, bone and fat-tail; however, the backfat thickness was increased (P = 0.01). WW inclusion reduced cholesterol and increased protein load in muscle tissue (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, this inclusion led to higher concentration of vaccenic acid (VA), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and C20 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFA), total n3 and n6 PUFA in muscle and fat-tail (P ≤ 0.05). Due to enhanced animal performance, also chemical and FA composition of muscle and adipose tissue, WW can be included in fattening lamb diets as a rich source of protein and PUFA.
Isolation and Identification of forced degradation products of Februxostat
Authors: Kanagaddi Rajesh , Chintala Vaishnavi , Katari Naresh Kumar , Murty JNSRC , Salakolusu Suresh , Ranga Mahesh , Muralidharan K , Nannapan Satya Sree
Published: August 2023

The current study explains the acid degradation behaviour of febuxostat API, a non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitor used to treat hyperuricemia. A degradation study was carried out as per ICH guidelines, while the study confirms that the febuxostat is largely stable in thermal, photolytic, oxidative, and basic hydrolytic conditions and labile in acid hydrolysis conditions. There were four different degradation products found during acid hydrolysis; of these, degradation products 2, 3, and 4 are new and have never been reported before, while degradation product 1 is well-known and has already been published. All these degradation products were identified using UPLC-MS analysis, purified by using preparative HPLC and characterized using HRMS and NMR techniques. The formed degradation products are by the hydrolysis of ester and cyano functional groups of the febuxostat molecule under acidic conditions. All degradation products structural characterization was carried out using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS).
A Novel Nomogram for prolonged length of stay in older patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Wang Jiurui , Xu Shengjia , Liu Jian , Liu Jing , Liang Qian , Yan Zeping , Wang Xiaoli , Liu Mengqi , Wang Zhiwei , Luan Xiaorong
Published: August 2023

Background
Older patients with Chronic heart failure (Chronic HF) are frequently in hospital due to recurrent episodes of disease. Prolonged length of stay (LOS) not only increase the risk of infection and reduce bed turnover for patients, but also increase the burden of healthcare costs and overall social costs. LOS for older patients with Chronic HF cannot be ignored.
Objective
This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for a prolonged LOS in hospitalized older patients with chronic heart failure (Chronic HF) in China.
Methods
We analyzed 264 Chinese older patients with Chronic HF. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and laboratory test results were collected upon admission. The outcome was defined as a LOS longer than the median. Independent risk factors for prolonged LOS were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. We validated and presented the model using bootstrap re-sampling in the form of a nomogram.
Results
The predictors included in the model were the New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA), type of admission, diuretic use during hospitalization, number of past hospitalizations in the last year, and cardiac troponin I (CTNI). The original model had a c statistic of 0.780 and a Brier score of 0.189. The DCA curve showed that it has achieved good clinical benefits within a certain range. After internal validation by bootstrap re-sampling, the model had a c statistic of 0.761 and a Brier score of 0.200.
Conclusion
The model presented in this study can better predict the risk of prolonged LOS in older patients with Chronic HF, providing healthcare professionals with a reference for treatment and intervention.
Bax Inhibitor 1 preserves pancreatic β-cell proteostasis by limiting proinsulin misfolding and programmed cell death
Authors: Bailly-Maitre Beatrice , Blanc Marina , Xiao Peng , Lebeaupin Cynthia , Janona Marion , Habbouche Lama , Vaillant Nathalie , irondelle marie , Gilleron Jerome , Murcy Florent , Rousseau Déborah , Luci Carmeo , Barouillet Thibault , Lacas-Gervais Sandra , Yvan-Charvet Laurent , Gual Philippe , Cardozo Alessandra
Published: August 2023

The prevalence of diabetes steadily increases worldwide mirroring the prevalence of obesity. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress is activated in diabetes and contributes to β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis through the activation of a terminal Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). Our results uncover a new role for Bax Inhibitor-One (BI-1), a negative regulator of Inositol-Requiring Enzyme 1 (IRE1α) in preserving β-cell health against terminal UPR-induced apoptosis and pyroptosis in the context of supraphysiological loads of insulin production. BI-1-deficient mice experience decline in endocrine pancreatic function in physiological and pathophysiological conditions, namely obesity induced by High-Fat Diet (HFD). We observed early-onset diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia, reduced serum insulin levels, β-cell loss, increased pancreatic lipases and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the progression of metabolic dysfunction. Pancreatic section analysis revealed that BI-1 deletion overburdens unfolded proinsulin in the ER of β-cells, confirmed by ultra-structural signs of ER stress with overwhelmed IRE1α endoribonuclease (RNase) activity in freshly isolated islets. ER stress led to β-cell dysfunction and islet loss, due to an increase in immature proinsulin granules and defects in insulin crystallization with the presence of Rod-like granules. These results correlated with the induction of autophagy, ER-phagy, and crinophagy quality controls mechanisms, likely to alleviate the atypical accumulation of misfolded proinsulin in the ER. In fine, BI-1 in β-cells limited IRE1α RNase activity from triggering programmed β-cell death through apoptosis and pyroptosis (caspase-1, IL-1β) via NLRP3 inflammasome activation and metabolic dysfunction. Pharmaceutical IRE1α inhibition with STF-083010 reversed β-cell failure and normalized the metabolic phenotype. These results uncover a new protective role for BI-1 in pancreatic β-cell physiology as a stress integrator to modulate the UPR triggered by accumulating unfolded proinsulin in the ER, as well as autophagy and programmed cell death, with consequences on β-cell function and insulin secretion.
Erythropoietin regulates developmental myelination in the brain stimulating postnatal oligodendrocyte maturation
Authors: Muttathukunnel Paola , Wälti Michael , Aboouf Mostafa A. , Koester-Hegmann Christina , Haenggi Tatjana , Gassmann Max , Pannzanelli Patrizia , Fritschy Jean-Marc , Gasser Edith M. Schneider
Published: August 2023

Myelination is a process that is tightly regulated by a variety of neurotrophic factors. Here, we show - by analyzing two transgenic mouse lines, one overexpressing EPO selectively in the brain Tg21(PDGFB-rhEPO), and another with targeted removal of EPO receptors (EPORs) from oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC)s (Sox10-cre;EPORfl/flmice) – a key function for EPO in regulating developmental brain myelination. Overexpression of EPO resulted in faster postnatal brain growth and myelination, an increased number of myelinating oligodendrocytes, faster axonal myelin ensheathment, and improved motor coordination. Inversely, targeted ablation of EPORs from OPCs reduced the number of mature oligodendrocytes and impaired motor coordination during the second postnatal week. Further, we found that EPORs are transiently expressed in the subventricular zone (SVZ) during the second postnatal week, and they stimulate the Erk1/2 pathway as well as the expression of essential oligodendrocyte pro-differentiation and pro-maturation transcripts (Nkx6.2 and Myrf), and the Nfatc2/calcineurin pathway. Our results reveal developmental time windows in which EPORs are expressed when therapies could be highly effective for stimulating oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination.
Zolpidem-triggered atrial fibrillation in a patient with cardiomyopathy: a case report
Authors: Li Xiaolin , Jin Yunpeng
Published: August 2023

Background: Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotics widely used to manage insomnia. Zolpidem-triggered atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with cardiomyopathy has never been reported before.
Case presentation: A 40-year-old man with Duchenne muscular dystrophy-related cardiomyopathy attempted suicide and developed new-onset AF after zolpidem overdose. One year before admission, the patient visited our clinic due to chest discomfort and fatigue after daily walks for 1 month; both electrocardiography (ECG) and 24-hour Holter ECG results did not detect AF. After administration of cardiac medication (digoxin 0.125 mg/day, spironolactone 40 mg/day, furosemide 20 mg/day, bisoprolol 5 mg/day, sacubitril valsartan sodium tablets 25 mg/day), he felt better. AF had never been observed before this admission via continuous monitoring during follow-up. Sixteen days before admission, the patient saw a sleep specialist and started on zolpidem tartrate tablets (10 mg/day) due to insomnia for 6 months; ECG results revealed no obvious change. The night before admission, the patient attempted suicide by overdose with 40 mg of zolpidem after an argument, which resulted in severe lethargy. At admission, his ECG revealed new-onset AF, so zolpidem was stopped immediately. 9 hours into admission, AFspontaneously terminated into normal sinus rhythm. Results from the ECG on the following days and the 24-hour Holter ECG at 1-month follow-up showed that no AF was detected.
Conclusions: Zolpidem is a frequent first choice of medication for insomnia. However, this case suggests zolpidem overdose could increase the risk of AF in patients with cardiomyopathy. Zolpidem could have caused AF via respiratory depression, which leads to acute atrial distension and hypercapnia. These acute transient arrhythmogenic changes during zolpidem overdose can increase vulnerability to AF in patient with pre-existing cardiomyopathy. Thus, the heart rhythm should be monitored when zolpidem is prescribed in patients with cardiomyopathy.
Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Keeratibharat Pattra , Sophonsritsuk Areepan , Saipanish Ratana , Wattanakrai Penpun , Anantaburana Makaramas , Tantanavipas Siriluk
Published: August 2023

Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common gynecological problem for women of reproductive age. Depression and anxiety are common conditions that occur in women with PCOS and have an impact on mental well-being. However, there is a lake of data on their prevalence and its associated factors in the Thai population. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among women with PCOS and identify the factors associated with depression and anxiety in women with PCOS, as well as their impact on mental well-being.
Methods
A total of 260 women aged 15 to 40 years diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam criteria were included in the study. Physical examinations were conducted, and participants completed Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Thai version WHO-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5 Thai) questionnaires to assess depression, anxiety, and mental well-being, respectively.
Results
The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and poor mental well-being among women with PCOS was found to be 3.8%, 11.9%, and 16.9%, respectively. Poor mental well-being (odds ratio [OR] 26.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.4–164.0; p = < 0.001), snoring (OR 18.16, 95% CI: 2.74-120.61; p = 0.003), moderate to severe hirsutism (OR 13.05, 95% CI: 1.66-102.64; p = 0.015), and anxiety (OR 7.02, 95% CI: 1.28–38.42; p = 0.025) were identified as factors associated with depression in women with PCOS. Having children (OR 17.84, 95% CI: 4.39–72.52; p = < 0.001) and hirsutism (OR 2.75, 95% CI: 1.18–6.37; p = 0.018) were found to be relative factors for anxiety in women with PCOS.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrated that PCOS is linked to depression and anxiety, leading to a significant impact on mental well-being. Hirsutism was identified as a key factor associated with depression and anxiety in women with PCOS. Based on these findings, the present study suggests that screening for depression and anxiety should be conducted in women with PCOS who present with hirsutism.
Disability-related inequalities in the prevalence of loneliness across the lifespan: trends from Australia, 2003 to 2020
Authors: Bishop Glenda M. , Llewellyn Gwynnyth , Kavanagh Anne M. , Badland Hannah , Bailie Jodie , Stancliffe Roger , Emerson Eric , Fortune Nicola , Aitken Zoe
Published: August 2023

Background
Experiencing loneliness can be distressing and increasing evidence indicates that being lonely is associated with poor physical and mental health outcomes. Cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that people with disability have increased risk of experiencing loneliness compared to people without disability. However, we do not know if these inequalities have changed over time. This study investigated the prevalence of loneliness for people with disability in Australia annually from 2003 to 2020 to examine whether disability-related inequalities in loneliness have changed over time, and disaggregated results for subgroups of people with disability by age group, sex, and disability group.
Methods
We used annual data (2003–2020) from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey. Loneliness was measured by a single question assessing the subjective experience of loneliness. For each wave, we calculated population-weighted age-standardised estimates of the proportion of people experiencing loneliness for people with and without disability. We then calculated the absolute and relative inequalities in loneliness between people with and without disability for each wave. Analyses were stratified by 10-year age groups, sex, and disability group (sensory or speech, physical, intellectual or learning, psychological, brain injury or stroke, other).
Results
From 2003 to 2020, the prevalence of loneliness was greater for people with disability, such that people with disability were 1.5 to 1.9 times more likely to experience loneliness than people without disability. While the prevalence of loneliness decreased for people without disability between 2003 to 2020, the prevalence of loneliness did not decrease for people with disability during this period. Inequalities in loneliness were more substantial for people with intellectual or learning disabilities, psychological disability, and brain injury or stroke.
Conclusion
This study confirms that people with disability have increased risk of loneliness compared to people without disability. We add to the existing evidence by demonstrating that disability-related inequalities in loneliness have persisted for two decades in Australia without improvement. Our findings indicate that addressing inequalities in loneliness for people with disability is a critical public health concern given that loneliness is associated with a wide range of poor health outcomes.
StableDNAm: Towards a Stable and Efficient Model for Predicting DNA Methylation Based on Adaptive Feature Correction Learning
Authors: Zhuo Linlin , Wang Rui , Fu Xiangzheng , Yao Xiaojun
Published: August 2023

Background: DNA methylation, instrumental in numerous life processes, underscores the paramount importance of its accurate prediction. Recent studies suggest that deep learning, due to its capacity to extract profound insights, provides a more precise DNA methylation prediction. However, issues related to the stability and generalization performance of these models persist.
Results: In this study, we introduce an efficient and stable DNA methylation prediction model. This model incorporates a feature fusion approach, adaptive feature correction technology, and a contrastive learning strategy. The proposed model presents several advantages. First, DNA sequences are encoded at four levels to comprehensively capture intricate information across multi-scale and low-span features. Second, we design a sequence-specific feature correction module that adaptively adjusts the weights of sequence features. This improvement enhances the model’s stability and scalability, or its generality. Third, our contrastive learning strategy mitigates the instability issues resulting from sparse data. To validate our model, we conducted multiple sets of experiments on commonly used datasets, demonstrating the model’s robustness and stability. Simultaneously, we amalgamate various datasets into a single, unified dataset.
The experimental outcomes from this combined dataset substantiate the model’s robust adaptability.
Conclusions: Our research findings affirm that the StableDNAm model is a general, stable, and effective instrument for DNA methylation prediction. It holds substantial promise for providing invaluable assistance in future methylationrelated research and analyses.