bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Covid-19 e suas Implicações em Moçambique: uma Análise Antropo-sociológica
Authors: De Moçambique Universidade Católica
Published: November 2024

A pandemia de Covid-19 impôs, e ainda impõe, grandes e sentidas implicações na sociedade moçambicana. É justamente por isso que, com o presente artigo, pretendemos trazer um contributo reflexivo e pragmático, com desdobramentos teóricos, mas com recomendações para fazer face a este cenário calamitoso. Como metodologia, privilegiamos a pesquisa bibliográfica, com uma abordagem qualitativa baseada no paradigma compreensivo e interpretativo, suportada por alguns conhecimentos empíricos. A pesquisa evidencia que a pandemia de Covid-19 trouxe implicações para a população, decorrentes tanto da disseminação do vírus como de medidas que buscam minimizar seus danos: o medo de ser infectado ou não ter atendimento médico, caso necessário; o stress causado pela diminuição da renda; o stress do confinamento; a incerteza causada pela ausência de uma estratégia sólida de saída da crise. Para fazer face a este cenário, recomendamos o seguinte: que se mantenha parte da renda de trabalhadores formais e informais, combinando políticas de assistência e de preservação dos empregos e subsídios à população de risco; que se reduzam as taxas de fornecimento de electricidade e água; que se expandam actividades voltadas para a saúde mental da população ou assistência psicológica; que se dissemine informações sobre a pandemia e seu enfrentamento com clareza, coerência, agilidade e transparência.
Covid-19 and its Implications in Mozambique: An Anthropo-sociological Analysis
Authors: De Moçambique Universidade Católica
Published: November 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic has imposed and is still imposing major and felt implications on Mozambican society. It is precisely for this reason that, with this article we offer a reflective and pragmatic contribution, with theoretical developments, but with recommendations to face this calamitous scenario. As a methodology, we selected the literature review, with a qualitative approach, supported by some empirical knowledge. The research shows that the Covid-19 pandemic has implications for the population resulting both from the spread of the virus and from measures that seek to minimize its damage. These implications are:  the fear of being infected or not receiving medical attention if necessary; the stress caused by decreased income; the stress of shelter in place; and the uncertainty caused by the absence of a solid exit strategy.  In order to minimize the occurrence of riots caused by the dissatisfaction of Mozambican society, we recommend the following:  maintaining part of the income of formal and informal workers, combining assistance and job preservation policies and subsidies for the at-risk population; a guaranteed reduction of  the rates of electricity and water supply; expanding activities geared to the mental health of the population; disseminating clear, coherent, timely and transparent information about the pandemic and how to tackle it.
A Remuneração Estratégica Permanente e Sustentável, em Instituições Públicas e Privadas
Authors: De Moçambique Universidade Católica
Published: November 2024

A remuneração estratégica permanente e sustentável é um tema que surge pela impressão de que ela surta os efeitos desejados, na maior parte das Instituições. Neste artigo, questiona-se até que ponto esta forma de remuneração é do domínio dos gestores, assim como o seu impacto na vida dos colaboradores. O objectivo foi de analisar a forma de implementação deste tipo de remuneração nas instituições em estudo. Optou-se pela estratégia de estudo de caso, à luz da perspectiva de Yin (2003), fortemente considerada em ciências humanas. Os participantes do estudo foram 4 instituições entre públicas e privadas, envolvendo 8 gestores de recursos humanos. A entrevista semiestruturada foi a técnica de recolha de dados de eleição. A triangulação dos diferentes  métodos,  Instrumentos, técnicas e fontes  permitem a consistência e a fiabilidade das informações obtidas, o que propicia a  compreensão do   objecto de estudo  que se assenta especificamente  no domínio do conceito de remuneração estratégica; a criação de condições objectivas para operacionalização dessa estratégia; a valorização dos resultados da avaliação de desempenho como suporte de implementação; a redefinição de formas e critérios claros de remuneração alicerçados no desempenho e resultados individuais. Às instituições públicas e privadas recomenda-se a programação da remuneração estratégica e o asseguramento do respectivo cabimento orçamental.
Passivas no Português de Moçambique e Normas no Ensino
Authors: De Moçambique Universidade Católica
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo tem como objectivo geral compreender a coabitação do Português de Moçambique (PM) e do Português Europeu (PE) como normas usadas no ensino, que se manifesta através de variantes concorrentes à categoria de passivas com verbos ditransitivos (passiva dativa), em contextos formais de uso da língua. O mesmo será articulado pelos seguintes objectivos específicos: a) descrever a variação e mudança linguística à luz da Linguística Variacionista de Labov; b) discutir conceitos de norma normal e norma normativa; c) demonstrar a variação linguística ao nível sintáctico entre o PE e o PM; d) analisar seu impacto no ensino e aprendizagem da língua portuguesa nas escolas e; e) propor metodologias de ensino da língua em sala de aulas. O estudo orientou-se pela abordagem mista assente na descrição e interpretação de realizações linguísticas do PM (abordagem qualitativa) e na análise de frequências das variantes concorrentes para a categoria em apreço (abordagem quantitativa). Os dados para análise consistiram em extractos linguísticos colectados de forma aleatória a partir de jornais, com os quais avaliámos o nível de ocorrência das variantes da passiva com verbos ditransitivos no PM e no PE, em contextos formais de uso da língua em Moçambique.
A Participação da Comunidade na Gestão da Escola – Caso da escola Primária (Y) da Cidade da Beira
Authors: De Moçambique Universidade Católica
Published: November 2024

Em Moçambique, a participação dos pais e encarregados de educação na gestão da escola é uma prática que vem desde o período da independência quando as primeiras experiências de gestão escolar começam a sentir-se através das comissões de pais e de ligação entre escola e comunidade. No entanto, foi com a promulgação da lei 6/92, lei de bases do sistema educativo, que a participação dos pais e encarregados de educação foi legalmente prescrita nas escolas. Deste modo, a pergunta de partida procurou saber de que modo a comunidade participa na gestão da escola e, neste caso, numa escola primária da cidade da Beira. Em termos metodológicos, privilegiamos o paradigma interpretativo e uma abordagem de natureza qualitativa. Como técnicas e instrumento de recolha de dados, foram utilizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. O estudo contou com sete participantes, membros do conselho de escola. Os resultados demonstram que o conselho de escola usa diferentes estratégias de modo que haja uma participação activa dos membros do Conselho de escola nas actividades do Conselho de Escola. Os mesmos referem que a sua participação é satisfatória, pois participam na elaboração do plano anual do conselho a partir das comissões e subcomissões. Concluiu-se, ainda, que entendem o funcionamento do CE, em estudo, como um desafio que permite participar e compreender o contexto educativo e as suas diferentes lógicas.
Genleştirilmiş perlitin EPDM kompozitlerdeki davranışının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Öteleş Ali , Köprü İlker , Yetgin S. Hakan
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmada, genleşmiş perlit (GP) ilavesinin etilen-propilen-dien-kauçuk (EPDM) kompozitlerin reolojik, mekanik ve yanıcılık özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. 11.5, 24.5 ve 55 phr oranında inorganik dolgu içeren EPDM kompozitler üretilmiştir. Laboratuvar tipi banbury kullanılarak hamur haline getirilen EPDM kompozitler preste vulkanize edilmiş ve test plakaları üretilmiştir. EPDM/GP kompozitlerin reolojik özellikleri, pres öncesi reometre (MDR) testi kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Genleştirilmiş perlit eklenmiş EPDM kompozitlerin alev geciktirici özellikleri UL-94-HB testi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, genleşmiş perlitin artmasıyla minimum (ML) ve maksimum tork (MH) değerleri artmıştır. 55phr genleşmiş perlitin eklenmesiyle EPDM'nin sertlik değeri 58'den 67 Shore A'ya çıkmıştır. Çekme dayanımı ve kopma uzaması azalırken, kalıcı deformasyon ve aşınma artmıştır. EPDM kauçuğa eklenen farklı miktarlarda genleşmiş perlit yanma hızını azaltırken, en düşük yanma hızı EPDM//55GP kompozitinde elde edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, genleşmiş perlit dolgu maddesinin EPDM kauçuğun mekanik özellikleri üzerinde önemli bir etkisinin olmadığı ancak alev direncini artırdığı gözlenmiştir.
Digital Crimes and Digital Terrorism: The New Frontier of Threats in Cyberspace
Authors: Al Zaidy Ahmed
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the rise of digital crimes and digital terrorism as emerging threats that exploit cyberspace to conduct illegal activities, impact society, and compromise individuals’ privacy and security. With a growing dependency on digital platforms, these crimes have become more complex, highlighting the need for strengthened security measures, regulatory frameworks, and coordinated global efforts to address these issues.
Realidad Virtual Y Aumentada Como Herramienta Para La Formación En Enfermería Iberoamericana. Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Vega Milena , Solera Porras Irleanny
Published: November 2024

La realidad virtual y aumentada son herramientas de inteligencia artificial que permiten el aprendizaje autorregulado y en un ambiente controlado, garantizando la seguridad psicológica y física de los estudiantes durante su formación, logrando un aprendizaje significativo. Objetivo: determinar el uso de la realidad virtual y aumentada como herramienta para la formación en enfermería Iberoamericana. revisión sistemática. Métodos: Este estudio es un Scoping Review, con método PRISMA. Los estudios incluidos son casos y controles, estudios experimentales y revisiones sistemáticas, siendo un total de 5. Las bases de datos consultadas son Dialnet, PubMed, SciELO, ScienceDirect, RedALyC y Cochrane. Resultados: El aporte en la adquisición de conocimiento y desarrollo de competencias es similar entre los grupos intervenidos versus los controles en niveles principiantes de la carrera. Sin embargo, hay una mejoría significativa en estudiantes avanzados. El principal impacto en el aprendizaje se observa en los factores inherentes al estudiante como la motivación, el empoderamiento sobre las competencias cognitivas, psicomotoras y principalmente blandas; así como una autopercepción favorable del rendimiento. La realidad virtual utilizando imágenes reales, como por ejemplo la sala de maternidad de un hospital especifico, le permite al estudiante percibir una evolución Conclusiones: La realidad virtual y aumentada tienen un efecto positivo en el proceso de aprendizaje, específicamente en los factores intrínsecos de este y son valoradas por los estudiantes como útiles durante la formación. Se recomienda incrementar el uso de estas herramientas en la formación de estudiantes tanto en pregrado y posgrado.
Identificación de rasgos concomitantes con el Síndrome del Cuidador Quemado mediante la aplicación del cuestionario Zarit, en los adultos a cargo de personas entre los 0 y 14 años, en condición de discapacidad múltiple del Centro de Enseñanza Especial de
Authors: Murillo Zúñiga Yendri S.
Published: November 2024

El Síndrome del Cuidador Quemado se ha investigado ampliamente en diferentes contextos, pero existe una carencia de estudios enfocados específicamente en los cuidadores de personas en condición de discapacidad múltiple en el entorno educativo. Los resultados revelaron que un alto porcentaje de los cuidadores presentan síntomas de sobrecarga emocional, lo que resalta la necesidad urgente de implementar programas de apoyo desde el Centro de Enseñanza Especial de Heredia.
Strategies to Appy Short Stories to Improve Linguistic Skills in a Primary School from Costa Rica
Authors: Avalos Charpentier Karla , Bogantes Meza Nathalia
Published: November 2024

Due to noticeable deficiency in the use of the English language in some students of primary school, it was necessary to look a way in which student improve not only the language by also their reading habits, therefore this investigation is based on how the use of literature, specially short stories can benefit the English teaching process and what would be some effective techniques that can be apply by teacher in the class.
Holding Hands at the Heart of Empire
Authors: Eydnudóttir Vár
Published: November 2024

In 1905, people from the different corners of the Danish empire held hands at the colonial exhibition (Dansk Koloniudstilling (Grønland og Dansk Vestindien) samt udstilling fra Island og Færøerne) in Tivoli, Copenhagen. This article uncovers colonial relations of the past by analysing photographs from a scrapbook presumably created by the main organ- iser of the exhibition, Emma Gad. The photographs show participants interacting at the exhibition, and the article asks: What kind of conversations about this forgotten past are made possible by these photographs? How can these photographs be used to reflect upon the ways ideas of race, whiteness, civilization, nationality, and empire have operated in the colonial encounters facilitated at the Tivoli exhibition? The article seeks to answer these questions with a particular attention to the role of the Faroe Islands in order to counter the fact that the country is routinely relegated to the margins of discussions on colonialism. At first glance, the scrapbook photographs visualise unlikely community and friendships between participants. Yet placing the participants’ intimate contact within their geopoliti- cal context revealed these photographs’ imbrication within colonial divisions of space and the racialised hierarchies at the foundation of the colonial exhibition and indeed of the Dan- ish imperial project at large.
Missing Responses as an Interactional Warning Sign
Authors: Kamunen Antti , Rautiainen Iira
Published: November 2024

In this study, we aim to find out what happens in moments of collaborative situations when a response is treated as missing, irrelevant, or insufficient, how such moments are handled, and what underlying interactional trouble those instances can reveal. The data are video recordings from multinational military observer training. Using the method of ethnomethodological conversation analysis (EMCA), we examine a team of two people taking part in a simulated patrolling exercise. We focus on instances when one team member, the driver, attempts to get the other, the team leader, to verbalise or confirm some decision regarding a future (joint) action.
Counter-sanctions regulation: comparative legal analysis (Russia and China)
Authors: Butakova Yana Sergeevna
Published: November 2024

A new legal regulation is being formed in the Russian Federation related to unprecedented anti-Russian sanctions. International sanctions against Russia not only became an impetus for the development of legal institutions of Russian law, but also forced to turn to foreign anti-sanctions experience of such regulation. Under these conditions, a new legal institution of Russian law is being formed – the institute of counter-sanctions (sanctions) regulation. This process is taking place against the background of growing ties between Russia and China. At the same time, in both countries, counter-sanctions regulation is at the stage of formation. In this regard, it is relevant to conduct a comparative legal analysis, identify common and different characteristics of legislation, which will allow us to form proposals for improving Chinese and Russian counter-sanctions regulation. The author applies both philosophical and general scientific methods of cognition (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, critical and dialectical methods) and methods specific directly to legal science (structural-logical, formal-legal, comparative-legal). The key difference between the Chinese approach to the formation of a counter-sanctions system is its focus on prohibiting compliance with the sanctions of foreign states. There is no such prohibition in Russian regulation (but several similar bills have been submitted to the legislature for consideration) and the legislative emphasis is on protecting the country and individuals from unfriendly actions of foreign states. Although the Chinese counter-sanctions regulation differs from the Russian one, it has a number of common features with it. Also, Russian regulation is more advanced and transparent in terms of mechanisms for the introduction and control of counter-sanctions. The undeniable advantage of Russian counter-sanctions regulation is undoubtedly its official consolidation within the framework of the legal system, while in China a significant part of the sanctions are outside the official legal regulation and are located in the plane of political decisions on the country's trade policy.
A. O. Hume's artistic journalism as an intertext (on the example of pamphlets of 1886-1887)
Authors: Volkova Anna Andreevna
Published: November 2024

The subject of this article is the intertextuality in the pamphlets ("The Old Man's Hope", "The Tidal Wave, or the Progress of political activity in India", "The Star in the East, or the Bengali National League") of the British colonial figure, founder of the Indian National Congress Allan Octavian Hume, created at the initial stage of the existence of this organization – in 1886-1887. The place and significance of using someone else's text (letters and articles by the author's opponents, official documents, texts of works of fiction and precedent texts), quotations from modern and classical literature in the literary journalism of A. O. Hume, understood as part of the Anglo-Indian literature of the Victorian era, are considered. The article defines the ways of using quotations and reminiscences by the author to enhance the impact on the reader. The methods of intertext research in A. O. Hume's journalism are receptive, cultural-historical methods and a system-functional approach. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that for the first time it examines the political pamphlets of A. O. Hume from a literary standpoint. The author comes to the conclusion that intertextuality, widespread in the journalism of the Victorian era, is also manifested in the Anglo-Indian literature of the XIX century, which is exemplified by the pamphlets under study, but has its own peculiarities related to addressing colonial issues and the population of colonies. The appeal to the precedent text promotes Hume's dialogue with the reader – an educated Englishman or a representative of the Indian intelligentsia, and intertextual elements serve to create an emotionally expressed tone of pamphlets, become a means of manipulating readers' opinions, a means of irony and sarcasm, with which the publicist denounces his political opponents.
Deciphering and objectification of semantic boundaries in Venedikt Yerofeyev's short story "At My Window"
Authors: Bezrukov Andrey Nikolaevich
Published: November 2024

Venedikt Yerofeyev's small prose has not been practically studied. There are no serious, fundamental works on his essays, short stories, and small narrative constructs. The subject of the analysis of this article is a small text of V. Yerofeyeva "At my window". It is worth noting that in the collected works, and in other collections of the author, it is presented in a truncated form. It has not yet been possible to find a full-fledged version, although there are a number of prerequisites for the fundamentality and monumentality of this work. The purpose of the work is to identify the semantic boundaries of the story "At my window" with a possible objectification of the semantic paradigm. In the course of scientific narrative, the focus is on the plot of the story, the figurative system of the text, and the semantic artistic paradigm. The article also defines the functional load of intertextuality, since this principle defines a complex parametric variant of the addition of a semantic field. The result of the work is the concretization of the main features of the poetics of postmodernism using the example of Venedikt Yerofeyev's story "At my Window", as well as clarifying the basic highways of this work. During the analysis of the story, the main guideline was aimed at a comparative methodology, as well as a hermeneutical reading of this text. The set of terms and concepts used in the article correlates with the poetics of postmodernism, since the prose of Venedikt Yerofeyev is part of the texts of the first wave of Russian postmodernism. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that criticism does not yet have proper analytical observations regarding this story, and there are no certain value judgments. Therefore, the reception of the text is quite justified, and the accumulation of experience will allow us to complement the overall picture of the analysis of the style of Venedikt Yerofeyev. The practical nature of the work boils down to the fact that its results can be effectively applied during the decryption of the author's main work – the poem "Moscow – Petushki". The main method of correct assessment of the story should be the combination of philosophical-historical and literary-critical highways. The syncretic nature of perception generalizes the paradigm of semantic, connotative components. The text is revealed in the obvious potential of the formal and substantive levels of fusion. Venedikt Yerofeyev's story "At my Window" is not only an existing symbolic structure, not only an unfinished aesthetic object, but also an impulsive postmodern standard for the regeneration of a semantic paradigm.
Sociolinguistic analysis of examples of the use of anglicisms in Ecuadorian journalistic texts
Authors: Demianova Polina Ivanovna
Published: November 2024

The subject of this study is the functioning of English-language borrowings (Anglicisms) in the Ecuadorian national version of the Spanish language based on examples of their use in the texts of local mass media. The object of the study is the texts of the Ecuadorian media, in particular news articles published on the websites of the most widely read newspapers in Ecuador. The paper examines such issues as the sociolinguistic influence of English on Ecuadorian Spanish, the frequency and nature of the use of Anglicisms in it, as well as their dissemination through the media. Special attention is paid to the analysis of specific examples of the use of Anglicisms in journalistic texts, which allows us to identify key trends in their functioning. In this study, Anglicisms are considered as one of the factors influencing the development of the Spanish language in Ecuador. The study uses methods of content analysis and qualitative analysis of examples of the use of Anglicisms in Ecuadorian journalistic texts, which revealed the frequency of their use and their role in the formation of modern linguistic norms. The relevance of the chosen topic is dictated by the fact of the increasing influence of Anglicisms on Ecuadorian Spanish. The Spanish language variant, which is widespread in the territory of the Republic of Ecuador, currently seems to be less studied in comparison with the neighboring Latin American variants. Thus, there is a need to conduct a study of the main trends in its development. It follows from this that the novelty of the work lies in the implementation of a comprehensive sociolinguistic analysis of English-language borrowings used in the Ecuadorian media, which contributes to the formation of a deeper understanding of the processes underlying the formation and functioning of the Ecuadorian national version of the Spanish language. The results of the study showed that Anglicisms are actively penetrating into various spheres of Ecuadorian society, acting as a social marker and reflecting the influence of Western culture on the local population.
Intersection of artificial intelligence, legal frameworks and psychological dynamics in academic libraries
Authors: Sikhakhane Ntobeko , Mthombeni Nomathamsanqa
Published: November 2024

Industry-seasoned individuals and scholars have extensively deliberated on the significance of artificial intelligence (AI) in the information fraternity. While consensus underscores the symbiotic relationship between AI and human efforts, this concept's dynamic and evolving nature evokes apprehension among stakeholders. This literature study discusses the nuanced exploration of challenges and opportunities of AI in academic libraries, aiming to contribute insights for informed decision-making and ethical implementation. Following the qualitative approach, the review included 2125 hits, 45 of which were considered for study. Adopting a comprehensive approach, this paper scrutinises dimensions influencing AI's acceptance and ethical use, encompassing psychological impacts, AI legalities, skill set alignment and a futuristic perspective. The study uncovered critical information warranting dissemination, emphasising the need for a balanced discourse on AI’s implications. The researchers present challenges and strategic recommendations for addressing them. By expounding the preliminary findings, the study adds a practical dimension to the discourse on AI in academic libraries, guiding stakeholders in judicious decision-making and aspires to contribute to the ongoing dialogue surrounding AI in academic libraries, offering a holistic perspective extending beyond conventional discourse and equipping stakeholders with insights for navigating the landscape of AI integration
Distinct functions of three Wnt proteins control mirror-symmetric organogenesis in the C. elegans gonad
Authors: So Shuhei , Asakawa Masayo , Sawa Hitoshi
Published: November 2024

Organogenesis requires the proper production of diverse cell types and their positioning/migration. However, the coordination of these processes during development remains poorly understood. The gonad in C. elegans exhibits a mirror-symmetric structure guided by the migration of distal tip cells (DTCs), which result from asymmetric divisions of somatic gonadal precursors (SGPs; Z1 and Z4). We found that the polarity of Z1 and Z4, which possess mirror-symmetric orientation, is controlled by the redundant functions of the LIN-17/Frizzled receptor and three Wnt proteins (CWN-1, CWN-2, and EGL-20) with distinct functions. In lin-17 mutants, CWN-2 promotes normal polarity in both Z1 and Z4, while CWN-1 promotes reverse and normal polarity in Z1 and Z4, respectively. In contrast, EGL-20 inhibits the polarization of both Z1 and Z4. In lin-17 egl-20 cwn-2 triple mutants with a polarity reversal of Z1, DTCs from Z1 frequently miss-migrate to the posterior side. Our further analysis demonstrates that the mis-positioning of DTCs in the gonad due to the polarity reversal of Z1 leads to mis-migration. Similar mis-migration was also observed in cki-1(RNAi) animals producing ectopic DTCs. These results highlight the role of Wnt signaling in coordinating the production and migration of DTCs to establish a mirror-symmetric organ.
Human DCP1 is crucial for mRNA decapping and possesses paralog-specific gene regulating functions
Authors: Chen Ting-Wen , Liao Hsiao-Wei , Noble Michelle , Siao Jing-Yi , Cheng Yu-Hsuan , Chiang Wei-Chung , Lo Yi-Tzu , Chang Chung-Te
Published: November 2024

The mRNA 5'-cap structure removal by the decapping enzyme DCP2 is a critical step in gene regulation. While DCP2 is the catalytic subunit in the decapping complex, its activity is strongly enhanced by multiple factors, particularly DCP1, which is the major activator in yeast. However, the precise role of DCP1 in metazoans has yet to be fully elucidated. Moreover, in humans, the specific biological functions of the two DCP1 paralogs, DCP1a and DCP1b, remain largely unknown. To investigate the role of human DCP1, we generated cell lines that were deficient in DCP1a, DCP1b, or both to evaluate the importance of DCP1 in the decapping machinery. Our results highlight the importance of human DCP1 in decapping process and show that the EVH1 domain of DCP1 enhances the mRNA-binding affinity of DCP2. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses outline the distinct functions of DCP1a and DCP1b in human cells, regulating specific endogenous mRNA targets and biological processes. Overall, our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism of human DCP1 in mRNA decapping and shed light on the distinct functions of its paralogs.
On not starting with a blank page: Russian classics as a palimpsest for writers 1980-2020
Authors: Parthé Kathleen , Maslennikova Anna
Published: November 2024

Between 1980 and 2020 Russia’s writers experienced profound changes in their personal and professional lives, as history presented yet another tabula rasa, but when sitting down to write (and despite the advice of Alexander Genis), writers did not see a blank page, but one covered with existing titles, characters, plots, settings, fixed expressions (krylatye vyrazheniia) and the reflections and shadows, literal and figurative, of earlier works. Unlike what Vladimir Kantor describes as Soviet-era erzatsliteratura (15) the classics offered high drama and low farce, the deepest as well as the most charmingly superficial protagonists, unforgettable flights of language, and urgent topics of the day presented against a backdrop of eternal spiritual and moral questions. For those writers wishing to circumvent the klassiki, while still linking themselves to Russia’s past, there were pre-modern religious and folk narratives, lengthening the canon’s timeline while appearing to free it from western influences or imperial ambitions.
After tracing how the reputation of Russia’s klassiki and their desirability as a model changed over time, this paper will offer a descriptive survey of how specific characteristics of predecessors’ works reappeared during this four-decade stretch, with a special focus on the profound reaction to Nabokov. Our aim is to go beyond the concept of tvorcheskaia preemstvennost’ (creative continuity), which allows for broad observations, for example, about the “Gogolian” or “Chekhovian” atmosphere of a given work. Seeing how much material was creatively redeployed, we will consider what contemporary readers need to know about ur-texts (or pre-texts) – beyond what can be found on a quick internet search – in order to appreciate works bearing the influence of past writers. Finally, we ask whether the term “Great Russian Literature” still refers to an inherited literary culture appreciated far beyond Russia’s borders, or whether now, in the 2020s, it is more closely associated with the aggressive nationalism emanating from Moscow.
Fixation patterns in pairs of facial expressions—preferences of self-critical individuals
Authors: Šoková Bronislava , Baránková Martina , Halamová Júlia
Published: November 2024

So far, studies have revealed some differences in how long self-critical individuals fixate on specific facial expressions and difficulties in recognising these expressions. However, the research has also indicated a need to distinguish between the different forms of self-criticism (inadequate or hated self), the key underlying factor in psychopathology. Therefore, the aim of the current research was to explore fixation patterns for all seven primary emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, contempt, anger, and surprise) and the neutral face expression in relation to level of self-criticism by presenting random facial stimuli in the right or left visual field. Based on the previous studies, two groups were defined, and the pattern of fixations and eye movements were compared (high and low inadequate and hated self). The research sample consisted of 120 adult participants, 60 women and 60 men. We used the Forms of Self-Criticizing and Self-Reassuring Scale to measure self-criticism. As stimuli for the eye-tracking task, we used facial expressions from the Umeå University Database of Facial Expressions database. Eye movements were recorded using the Tobii X2 eye tracker. Results showed that in highly self-critical participants with inadequate self, time to first fixation and duration of first fixation was shorter. Respondents with higher inadequate self also exhibited a sustained pattern in fixations (total fixation duration; total fixation duration ratio and average fixation duration)—fixation time increased as self-criticism increased, indicating heightened attention to facial expressions. On the other hand, individuals with high hated self showed increased total fixation duration and fixation count for emotions presented in the right visual field but did not differ in initial fixation metrics in comparison with high inadequate self group. These results suggest that the two forms of self-criticism - inadequate self and hated self, may function as distinct mechanisms in relation to emotional processing, with implications for their role as potential transdiagnostic markers of psychopathology based on the fixation eye-tracking metrics.
Application of composite reference intervals in the diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism in the elderly: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Peijuan , Yang Wenming , Tang Guohua , Li Zhipeng
Published: November 2024

Background

Thyroid stimulating hormone releasing hormone (TSH) is a key indicator for diagnosing subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). We evaluated factors affecting TSH levels in elderly SCH, establishing a composite reference interval, and comparing it with traditional one in diagnosis.

Methods

We collected data on patients aged ≥60 undergoing physical examinations in Chengdu, screening the influencing factors associated with TSH. Then, a two-dimensional composite reference interval was established for TSH and FT4, and the differences between the new and traditional diagnosing methods were compared.

Results

The incidence of subclinical thyroid dysfunction was about 14%, with SCH accounting for 97%. Regression analysis found that TSH levels increase as FT4 and uric acid levels decrease. Compared with the two-dimensional composite reference interval, the traditional one has a higher incidence rate of SCH.

Conclusion

Compared with the two-dimensional composite reference interval, the traditional one is more likely to overestimate the incidence rate of SCH, leading to excessive diagnosis and treatment.
Quality improvement bundles to decrease hypothermia in very low/extremely low birth weight infants at birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhong Guichao , Qi Jie , Sheng Lijuan , Zhuang Jing , Yu Zhangbin , Wu Benqing
Published: November 2024

Background

Numerous studies have demonstrated that hypothermia in preterm infants correlates with increased morbidity and mortality, especially among those with very low or extremely low birth weights (VLBW/ELBW). An increasing number of healthcare facilities are implementing quality improvement (QI) bundles to lower the incidence of hypothermia at birth in this vulnerable population. However, the effectiveness and safety of these interventions have yet to be fully assessed. A meta-analysis is necessary to evaluate the efficacy and safety of QI bundles in reducing hypothermia at birth among VLBW/ELBW infants.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science through April 22nd, 2024. Study selection, data extraction, quality evaluation and risk bias assessment were performed independently by two investigators. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4.1.

Results

A total of 18 studies were included for qualitative analysis and 12 for meta-analysis. For VLBW infants, meta-analysis revealed a reduction in hypothermia and an increase in hyperthermia following the introduction of QI bundles (mild hypothermia, OR 0.22, 95% CI [0.13–0.37]; moderate hypothermia, OR 0.18, 95% CI [0.15–0.22]; hyperthermia, OR 2.79, 95% CI [1.53–5.09]). For ELBW infants, meta-analysis showed a decrease in hypothermia but no increase in hyperthermia after implementing QI bundles (mild hypothermia, OR 0.46, 95% CI [0.26–0.81]; moderate hypothermia, OR 0.21, 95% CI [0.08–0.58]; hyperthermia, OR 1.10, 95% CI [0.22–5.43]).

Conclusion

QI bundles effectively reduce hypothermia in VLBW/ELBW infants, but they may also increase hyperthermia, especially in VLBW infants.
Grau de sofisticação da adoção do Balanced Scorecard: evidências de um setor industrial do estado de Pernambuco
Authors: Alves Roberto de Carvalho Cavalcanti
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar o grau de sofisticação da adoção do BSC nas indústrias de bebidas instaladas no estado de Pernambuco e catalogadas pela Federação das Indústrias do Estado de Pernambuco. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram que a amostra investigada não faz uso do BSC, porém, em maioria, utiliza indicadores de desempenho, variando entre os mais simples voltados apenas para a área financeira e os mais complexos, que envolvem a parte de produção e a área comercial, os quais se assemelham à estrutura e formato do BSC. Foi perceptível, também, que os relatórios gerenciais são ferramentas cruciais para a condução das empresas, ajudando na gestão estratégica, e são bastante utilizados pelos gestores.
TRANSFORMASI PEMBELAJARAN CALISTUNG UNTUK MURID SD
Authors: Metanoia Cornelia Valencia , Blanca Alexandra Ivanna , Larosa Riani
Published: November 2024

Mencapai visi Indonesia emas pada tahun 2045 membutuhkan kualitas sumber daya manusia yang baik. Upaya yang bisa dilakukan sebagai mahasiswa ilmu pendidikan adalah membangun sumber daya manusia melalui lingkungan pendidikan. Tulisan penelitian ini dibuat bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi strategi yang dapat diadopsi dan dikembangkan oleh mahasiswa ilmu pendidikan guna meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan melalui calistung sebagai kompetensi dasar ilmu pengetahuan. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode studi pustaka yaitu dengan mengumpulkan data dan informasi dari banyak tulisan penelitian seputar pendidikan calistung usia sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa strategi yang dapat dilakukan oleh mahasiswa ilmu pendidikan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan calistung anak. Tiga hal utama yang harus ada dalam strategi ini adalah penyediaan fasilitas, media  pembelajaran, serta perubahan metode pembelajaran.
A Novel Calcium‐Ion Battery Based on Dual‐Carbon Configuration with High Working Voltage and Long Cycling Life
Authors: Wu Shi , Zhang Fan , Tang Yongbing
Published: April 2018

Rechargeable batteries based on multivalent cations (e.g., Mg2+ and Al3+) have attracted increased interest in recent years because of the merits of natural abundance, low cost, good chemical safety, and larger capacity. Among these batteries, the Ca‐ion battery (CIB) shows attractive priority because Ca2+ has the closest reduction potential (−2.87 V vs standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)), to that of Li (−3.04 V vs SHE), enabling a wide voltage window for the full battery. However, most Ca‐ion batteries have low working voltage (below 2 V), as well as poor cycling stability (less than 50 cycles). Here, a high‐performance Ca‐ion full battery with a novel dual‐carbon configuration design with low‐cost and environmentally friendly mesocarbon microbeads and expanded graphite as the anode and cathode, respectively, is reported. This Ca‐ion‐based dual‐carbon battery (Ca‐DCB) can work successfully in conventional carbonate electrolyte dissolving Ca(PF6)2, with a reversible discharge capacity of 66 mAh g−1 at a current rate of 2 C and a high working voltage of 4.6 V. Moreover, the Ca‐DCB exhibits good cycling stability with a discharge capacity of 62 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles with a high capacity retention of 94%, which is the best performance of the reported CIBs, suggesting it is a promising candidate for next‐generation energy storage devices.
An investigation on gas hydrate formation and slurry viscosity in the presence of wax crystals
Authors: Shi Bo‐Hui , Chai Shuai , Ding Lin , Chen Yu‐Chuan , Liu Yang , Song Shang‐Fei , Yao Hai‐Yuan , Wu Hai‐Hao , Wang Wei , Gong Jing
Published: April 2018

Clarifying the interaction effect between hydrate and wax is of great significance to guarantee operation safety in deep water petroleum fields. Experiments in a high‐pressure hydrate slurry rheological measurement system were carried out to investigate hydrate formation and slurry viscosity in the presence of wax crystals. Results indicate that the presence of wax crystals can prolong hydrate nucleation induction time, and its influence on hydrate growth depends on multiple factors. Higher stirring rate can obviously promote hydrate growth rate, while its influence on hydrate nucleation induction time is complicated. Higher initial pressure will promote hydrate formation. Gas hydrate slurry shows a shear‐thinning behavior, and slurry viscosity increases with the increase of wax content and initial pressure. A semiempirical viscosity model showing a well‐fitting is established for hydrate slurry with wax crystals by considering the aggregation and breakage of hydrate particles, wax crystals, and water droplets. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical EngineersAIChE J, 64: 3502–3518, 2018
Flow along and across glass‐fiber wicks: Testing of permeability models through experiments and simulations
Authors: Zarandi M. Amin F. , Pillai Krishna M , Barari Bamdad
Published: April 2018

A rigorous test of important theoretical models for permeability of glass‐fiber wicks, backed by numerical simulations, is conducted using a novel small‐scale experiment. The models include those for flow along and across aligned fibers and for flow through random fibers. The domains for numerical simulations were created by randomly distributed parallel fibers in a cube‐like unit‐cell using Geodict. Two separate simulations were considered: (1) Stokes‐flow solution using GeoDict, (2) Whitaker's closure‐formulation solution using COMSOL. The falling‐head parameter was adapted to measure the permeability along and across the fibers. Multiple measurements were conducted for each of the wicks to establish repeatability and estimate scatter. The permeabilities obtained through experiments matched with those from the theoretical and numerical methods. But numerical permeabilities for the longitudinal flow were exceptionally accurate. Also, the specialized models for longitudinal and transverse flows were more accurate than the random‐fiber models. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 3491–3501, 2018
Familial autosomal dominant severe ankyloglossia with tooth abnormalities
Authors: Lenormand Anaëlle , Khonsari Roman , Corre Pierre , Perrin Jean Philippe , Boscher Cécile , Nizon Mathilde , Pichon Olivier , David Albert , Le Caignec Cedric , Bertin Helios , Isidor Bertrand
Published: April 2018

Ankyloglossia is a congenital oral anomaly characterized by the presence of a hypertrophic and short lingual frenulum. Mutations in the gene encoding the transcription factor TBX22 have been involved in isolated ankyloglossia and X‐linked cleft palate. The knockout of Lgr5 in mice results in ankyloglossia. Here, we report a five‐generation family including patients with severe ankyloglossia and missing lower central incisors. Two members of this family also exhibited congenital anorectal malformations. In this report, male‐to‐male transmission was in favor of an autosomal dominant inheritance, which allowed us to exclude the X‐linked TBX22 gene. Linkage analysis using short tandem repeat markers located in the vicinity of LGR5 excluded this gene as a potential candidate. These results indicate genetic heterogeneity for ankyloglossia. Further investigations with additional families are required in order to identify novel candidate genes.
Recessive variants of MuSK are associated with late onset CMS and predominant limb girdle weakness
Authors: Owen David , Töpf Ana , Preethish‐Kumar Veeramani , Lorenzoni Paulo José , Vroling Bas , Scola Rosana Herminia , Dias‐Tosta Elza , Geraldo Argemiro , Polavarapu Kiran , Nashi Saraswati , Cox Daniel , Evangelista Teresinha , Dawson John , Thompson Rachel , Senderek Jan , Laurie Steven , Beltran Sergi , Gut Marta , Gut Ivo , Nalini Atchayaram , Lochmüller Hanns
Published: April 2018

Congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) is a heterogeneous disorder that causes fatigable muscle weakness. CMS has been associated with variants in the MuSK gene and, to date, 16 patients have been reported. MuSK‐CMS patients present a different phenotypic pattern of limb girdle weakness. Here, we describe four additional patients and discuss the phenotypic and clinical relationship with those previously reported. Two novel damaging missense variants are described: c.1742T > A; p.I581N found in homozygosis, and c.1634T > C; p.L545P found in compound heterozygosis with p.R166*. The reported patients had predominant limb girdle weakness with symptom onset at 12, 17, 18, and 30 years of age, and the majority exhibited a good clinical response to Salbutamol therapy, but not to esterase inhibitors. Meta‐analysis including previously reported variants revealed an increased likelihood of a severe, respiratory phenotype with null alleles. Missense variants exclusively affecting the kinase domain, but not the catalytic site, are associated with late onset. These data refine the phenotype associated with MuSK‐related CMS.
A sibling pair with cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC) secondary to BRAF mutation with unaffected parents—the first cases of gonadal mosaicism in CFC?
Authors: Geoghegan Sarah , King Graham , Henchliffe Jennifer , Ramsden Simon C. , Barry Raymond J. , Green Andrew J. , O'Connell Susan M.
Published: April 2018

Cardiofaciocutaneous (CFC) syndrome is a RASopathy characterized by intellectual disability, congenital heart defects, a characteristic facial appearance, gastro‐intestinal complications, ectodermal abnormalities and growth failure. The RASopathies result from germline mutations in the Ras/Mitogen‐activated‐protein‐kinase (MAPK) pathway. CFC is associated with mutations in BRAF, KRAS, MEK1 and MEK2. CFC has been considered a “sporadic” disorder, with minimal recurrence risk to siblings. In recent years, vertical transmission of CFC has been seen in mutations involving the MEK2 and KRAS genes, but has not previously been reported with BRAF mutations. Two brothers with clinical features of CFC and mutations in BRAF (c.770A > G, p.Gln257Arg) are described. Neither parent (both phenotypically normal) had the BRAF mutation in their leukocyte DNA. Although this mutation is one of the most common mutations in CFC, to our knowledge, this is the first molecularly confirmed BRAF mutation causing CFC in siblings. This observation also likely represents the first description of germ cell mosaicism in CFC and so it is important to provide optimal genetic counselling to families regarding the risk of reoccurrence.