bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect Of Fermented Cassava Peel (Manihot utilisima) On Performances Of Male Sheep
Authors: M Pulungan  , I Sembiring  , M Tafsin  , Hamdan  , N D Hanafi
Published: October 2021

The experiment aimed to find effect of cassava peel (manihot utilisima) which fermented on performance of local sheep male. The research was conducted at Jl. Bunga Rinte, Simpang Selayang, Medan, in October - December 2017 using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The experiment used 20 of local sheep male weaning with initial body weight of 10.18 ± 1kg. The treatment provided is P0 (Fermented Cassava peel 0%), P1 (Fermented Cassava peel 20%), P2 (Fermented Cassava peel 40%), and P3 (Fermented Cassava peel 60%). The observed of parameters are feed comsumption, average daily gain, feed vonversion (FCR) and income over feed cost (IOFC). The result of this research indicated that utilization of cassava peel (Manihot utiliima)fermented on performance of local sheep with the average consumption of sheep feed (g/head/day) are: 330.01; 364.99; 391.76; and 402.92, average daily gain (g/head/day): 52.86; 71.88; 84.36; and 101.80 and ration conversion: 6.42; 5.17; 4.78; dan 4.04. The conclusion of this research is the higher use of fermented cassava peel the better also the effect on improve of body weight, feed consumption and conversion of local males feed. The highest IOFC value is found in P3 with an average of Rp.276.656,01 during the research.
Analysis of Broiler Chicken Demand Influencing Factors in Pematangsiantar City
Authors: R Hajiis  , A H Daulay  , E Mirwandhono  , T H Wahyuni  , Hamdan
Published: October 2021

Broiler chickens is a type of chicken that are able to grow and develop quickly. In addition, broiler chicken is one of favourite source of meat. The purpose of this research was to determined the affecting factors of demand of the broiler chicken meat demand in the Pematangsiantar city. The study was conducted in AprilJune 2018 using primary data. The method used in accidental sampling is respondent interview with purposive technique that analyzed by Multiple Linear Regression using SPSS 22 application tool. The results showed that broiler chicken demand in Pematangsiantar city was influenced simultaneously by broiler price, age, family member, family income, egg price, appetite level, and education level with R² = 0,51. The price of broiler chicken meat, age and the number of family members had a significant effected on the 95% confidence level
The Effect of Soaking Time of Liquid Smoke on the Quality and Storability of Cow Meat
Authors: U Purba  , I Sembiring  , E Mirwandhono  , N Ginting  , I Sembiring
Published: October 2021

Post harvest quality of cow meat and in storage may changes as consequence of biochemistry and microbiology process. This changes make meat durability and processed products will be limited. So that necessary processing to improve meat durability is needed. This study aimed to test the effect of soaking time of liquid smoke against meat durability meet by tenderness and organoleptic test(texture, aroma, flavor and tenderness). This research was conducted at Laboratory of Food Technology Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra from Mei to June 2016.The design used in this study was completely randomized factorial design (factorial CRD) using two factors:the soaking time of liquid smoke(A): (5 minutes, 10 minutes and15minutes) and storability(P): (1 week, 2weeks, 3 weeks and4 weeks). The parameters analyzed were cooking shrinkage, tenderness and organoleptic test(texture, aroma, and flavor). The results showed that soaking time of liquid smoke gave highly significant effect (P<0,01) to the organoleptic test (aroma), while storability give highly significant effect (P<0,01) to the cooking shrinkage(%), tenderness, andorganoleptic test(texture, aroma, and flavor).The best results were obtained ats oaking time of liquid smoke 15 minutes.
+6282294617836
Authors: Dora Villa Manik  , Ma'ruf Tafsin  , Armyn Hakim Daulay  , Nurzainah Ginting  , Hasnudi
Published: October 2021

DORA VILLA MANIK, 2018. "Effectiveness of Gambir Solution (UncariagambirRoxb) on the Performances of Broiler Chickens Infected by Escherichia coli".Supervised by MA'RUF TAFSIN and ARMYN HAKIM DAULAY. Gambir has the potential as an antibacterial which is traditionally used as a drug for diarrhea. This study examines the effectiveness of gambir solution on performance which includes feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion and income over feed cost (IOFC) in broiler chickens infected with E. coli. It was held in November - December 2017 at the Laboratory of Biology, Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture University of Sumatera Utara, using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment consisted of P0A = without infection and without treatment, P0B = infection with E. coli and P1, P2, P3, respectively E. coli infection + Gambir solution 2%, 4%, 6% and P4 = E. coli + infection Tetracycline antibiotics. The results showed that the administration of gambir solution at a dose of 2% - 6% was significantly (P<0.05) effective in improving the performances of broiler chickens infected with E.coli and able to compensate for the use of commercial antibiotics in the form of tetracycline. The highest IOFC is in the 4% gambir solution.
Effect of duration of time and dosage on fermentation of cacao pod by using Indigenous Microorganism YL (MOIYL)
Authors: E Wulandari  , T H Wahyuni  , Hasnudi  , N Ginting  , M Tafsin
Published: October 2021

The main problem with cocoa pod is the high crude fiber content and lowcrude protein. A treatment needed to change the nutritional content, one of which isfermentation. In this study, fermentation used Indigenous microorganisms which wereYL (MOIYL). This research lasted for 3 months which was carried out from July toSeptember 2018 at the Laboratory of Animal Production and the Laboratory of AnimalNutrition Sciences at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra. Theresearch design used was Factorial 4 x 4 Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 3replications where factor 1 was the various levels of inoculum of Indigenous YL(MOIYL) and factor 2 was the length of fermentation (incubation) with measuredparameters of crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, and ash content using proximateanalysis.The results showed that cocoa pod fermentation using Indigenous YL (MOIYL)microorganisms could improve the quality of nutrient content including the highestwater content with a dose of 3% with a 7 day fermentation of 11.75% and the lowestwithout Moiyl with 21 days fermentation time of 10.02%. highest crude protein with 5%dose with 7 days fermentation of 11.89% and the lowest without Moiyl with 28 daysfermentation of 7.18%, highest crude fat at 5% with 7 days fermentation at 1.33% andthe lowest without Moiyl with 28 days fermentation time is 1.22%, while the highestcrude fiber is 5% with 7 days fermentation of 21.3% and the lowest is 5% with 28 daysfermentation of 23.93%, the highest dry matter is 3% with 7 days fermentation timeequal to 88.24% and the lowest without Moiyl with 7 days long 89.95%, highest ashcontent with d osis 1% with a 7 day fermentation time of 9.52% and the lowest ashcontent without Moiyl with a 7 day fermentation time of 11.17%. The results of thisstudy concluded that cocoa pod fermentation using 5% Indigenous YL (MOIYL)microorganisms and 7 days fermentation time could increase water content, crudeprotein, and crude fat, while crude fiber, dry matter, and ash content decreased.
The Activity Of Cellulose Enzyme From Indigenous Bacteria "Bacillus Sp YLB1" As Bioactivator
Authors: Yunilas  , Lili Warly  , Yetti Marli  , Irsan Riyanto
Published: October 2021

This study aims to test the activity of cellulase enzyme (CMCase) fromindigenous bacteria "Bacillus Sp YLB1" as bioactivator of palm oil based feed. Thetreatment consists of various combinations of substart, namely: P1 = 80% palm leaves +10% palm kernel cake + 10% sludge; P2 = 60% palm leaves + 20% palm kernel cake +20% sludge and P3 = 60% palm leaves + 30% palm kernel cake+ 30% sludge. The parameters observed were cellulase enzyme activity (CMCase) onvarious combinations of palm oil waste and fermentation time. The results showed thatcellulase enzyme (CMCase) production of Bacillus sp YLB1 bacteria during fermentationfluctuated ie 0.143 Units / ml; 0.372 Units / ml; 0.588 Units / ml; 1.013 Units / ml; 0.906Units / ml; 1,065 Units / ml and 1,198 Units / ml.The activity of cellulase enzyme(CMCase) on substrate P1 is lower than P2 and P3. As conclutions that cellulase enzymeactivity of Bacillus sp YLB1 influenced by the combination of substrate and fermentationtime. The P3 fermented with Bacillus sp YLB1 for 7 days gave a more optimal result thanthe other treatments
The Use of Fermented Cocoa Pod in Feed on Performance and Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC) of Male Local Sheep
Authors: Ardina Kharisma  , Hasnudi  , Tri Hesty Wahyuni  , Armyn Hakim Daulay  , Nurzainah Ginting
Published: October 2021

Cocoa pod is one of the cocoa processing wastes which can be used as animal feed.The study aims to find the use of cocoa pod which fermented by bioactivator (MOIYL) in feedon performance and IOFC of male local sheep. The research was conducted at Pak Didit's farmJl. Bunga Rinte, Simpang Selayang, Medan, in October - December 2018 using completelyrandomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The experiment used 20 ofmale local sheep weaning with initial body weight of 12.65 ± 1 kg. The treatment such as P0(80% field grass + 20% concentrate), P1 (60% field grass + 20% fermented cocoa pod + 20%concentrate), P2 (40% field grass + 40% fermented cocoa pod + 20% concentrate), P3 (20%field grass + 60% fermented cocoa pod + 20% concentrate), P4 (80% fermented cocoa pod +concentrate 20%). The observed of are feeds consumption, average daily gain, feed conversionratio (FCR), and income over feed cost (IOFC).The results of this research indicated that utilization of fermented cocoa pod in feed improvedthe performance of male local sheep with the average consumption of sheep feed (g/head/day):421.62; 422.60; 524.43; 452.83 and 368.56, average daily gain (g/head/day): 59.95; 60.75;84.19; 67.76 and 40.57, and ration conversion: 7.06; 7.17; 6.43; 6.68 and 9.11 and averageIncome Over Feed Cost (IOFC):141.123,8; 142.837,9; 201.301,0; 159.568,4 and 89.273,7. Theconclusion of this study is that the use of cacao pods fermented with 5% MOIYL in ration ofmale local weaning can be given to the level of 40%.
Analysis of Influenced Factors the Reduction of Pig Population in Simanindo District, Samosir Regency
Authors: Sinurat M
Published: October 2021

The people in Samosir believe that pigs are livestock that bring many benefits. That is why many people raise pigs. At this time there is a downward trend in pig population.This research was conducted at the people's farm in Simanindo District, Samosir Regency.   This study was conducted from May until July 2019 and aimed to investigate the factors that affect the rate of decline in the pig population. The result of research will show dominant factors that causes the rate of decline in the pig population and improvement could be conducted to prevent pig population decline trend. The method used is multiple linear regression analysis with the variable of animal feed limitations, farmer experience, long time raising, local environmental customs, religious holiday production. This research was conducted by asking the farmer directly and giving a randomly selected questionnaire. In total there were 84 pig farmers in 4 villages in each district. The results of this study indicated that the limitations of feed, long time raising, environmental customs around and religious day have a very significant influence on the decline in pig population in Simanindo District Samosir Regency.
Quality of Local Rams Meat Given Fermented Cassava Peel-Based Feed Using Local Microorganisms
Authors: Dirja
Published: October 2021

This research aims to examine the provision of fermented cassava peel using local microorganisms on the quality of local male lamb meat. This research was conducted at Mr. Praditya Rahardja farm, Jalan Bunga Rinte, Kecamatan Medan Tuntungan, Kota Medan, the Food Technology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture and the Laboratory of Biochemistry/Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of North Sumatra, using 12 local male sheep from December 2019 to march 2020. This research designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment is various levels of fermented cassava peel using local microorganisms consisted of P0: ration without the addition of fermented cassava peel using local microorganisms; P1: ration with the addition of 25% fermented cassava peel using local microorganisms; P2: ration with the addition of 50% fermented cassava peel using local microorganisms and P3: ration with the addition of 75% fermented cassava peel using local microorganism. This research parameters are meat water content, meat protein content, meat fat content and meat shrinkage.The results showed that the level of concentrate gave a very significant difference (P <0,01) of protein content and meat fat content, but did not provide a significant difference (P> 0,05) of water content and cooking meat shrinkage. The conclusion of this research is the provision of fermented cassava peel using local microorganisms has a very significant influence on the lamb meat quality of male local sheep
The Effect of Lemon (Citrus limon) as a Coagulant on Fresh Cheese Chemical Composition And Storage
Authors: Wibowo Muhammad Dila , Hamdan  , T.H. Wahyuni  , N. Ginting  , S.Sepriadi
Published: October 2021

Demand for fresh cheese increases along with welfare. As Indonesia has a muslim population around 200 millions therefore there is a demand for halal cheese starter. The purpose of this research was to prove that the use of lemom juice as a replacement rennet is able to coagulate milk while produce fresh cheese which is also a halal because it comes from plants.This study aims to determine the lemon juice (citrus limon) in the process of milk coagulation. This research method used a 4 x 4 Factorial Completely Randomized Design with 2 replications of factor A, levels of lemon juice, namely A0 = 0.01% rennet, A1 = 5% lemon juice, A2 = 10% lemon juice, A3 = 15% lemon juice, and factor B storage time B0 = 0 days, B1 = 5 days, B2 = 10 days and B3 = 15 days. The variables measured were chemical compositions including moisture content, dry matter content, fat content, protein content. Based on the research results, it was found that from the addition of four levels of lemon juice used and four variations of storage time, giving 10% lemon juice (A2) and storage time of 15 days (B3) was the optimal treatment to increase moisture content, dry matter content, fat content, protein content in cheese and can be used as an alternative of halal cheese starter.
Financial Analysis of Beef Cattle Business in People's Farms of Pulau Rakyat District Asahan Regency
Authors: Krisni handayani  , I. Sembiring  , GA Wirawan Siregar
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the income of beef cattle breeders, to determine the analysis of beef cattle business in terms of financial and non-financial aspects, and to determine whether the beef cattle business can help breeders' lives in fulfilling  their  needs. The research was conducted  in Pulau Rakyat Subdistrict, Asahan Regency in July-August 2020. The types of data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. Determination  of  the sample by stratified sampling, namely by dividing three groups based on livestock population, namely the low population group (1-10 cow), the medium population group (11-20 cow)  and the high population group (21-41 cow) then by purposive sampling, namely by taking 9 farmers from each population group.

          The results showed that beef cattle  acceptance could meet production costs so that the income was positive. The financial analysis of beef cattle business on smallholder farms  obtained  the value of  R/C >1, the value of  BEP >0, value Net B/C and Gross B/C >1, the NPV value >0 or positive, the IRR value with an interest rate of 16.75%, respectively is 25.85%, 25.80% and 26% greater than the rate interest and PP 7,7,5 months respectively before the project age (5 years). Based on the results of the non-financial analysis, it shows that the beef cattle business in Pulau Rakyat District in the legal aspect shows that the beef cattle business does not require a business license from the government because the ownership scale has not reached the applicable rules, namely >50 heads. The organizational aspect is that breeders are not tied to farmer/livestock groups, this is because the system in farmer groups is considered too complicated for breeders. The technical aspect explains that the location of the beef cattle business is strategic and the workforce used is that of family members. The management aspect explains that the farmer has managed the beef cattle business as much as possible to produce good productivity. The marketing aspect explains that the products produced have been accepted by the market and are profitable for breeders, breeders sell cattle directly to agents and the price of cows varies depending on gender, age of cattle and body weight of cattle.
Evaluation of Artificial Insemination (AI) on Beef Cattle Breeding in Southeast Padangsidimpuan Subdistrict
Authors: Septi Nurhayati  , R. Edhy Mirwandhono  , Sembiring Iskandar , Harahap F. C.
Published: October 2021

Artificial Insemination (AI) in beef cattle breeding is one of the efforts to accelerate genetic quality, production, the productivity of livestock, and increasing the supply of quality livestock seeds. This study aims to evaluate the success rate of AI based on Service for Conception (S/C), Conception Rate (CR), Calving Rate (C/R), knowing what the factors that affect AI and knowing the role of inseminators and breeders in the success of AI in Southeast Padangsidimpuan subdistrict are. This research was conducted in Padangsidimpuan subdistrict from June to October 2020. The population of this study consisted of 28 acceptor breeders of AI and one inseminator. Sources of data used were primary and secondary data and data collection techniques by observation and interviews and analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the success rate of AI was based on Service For Conception 2,09, Conception Rate 39%, and Calving Rate 57%.
Digestibility Of Maggot Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Ilucens) Flour in Ration Of Kampong Chicken
Authors: Naibaho Geofani , Yunilas  , Hasnudi  , Ginting Nurzainah , Simanullang Basta
Published: October 2021

Good quality animal feed was a determining factor for the success of livestock industry. Maggot BSF had the potential as a promising protein source feed. The aimed of this researceh was to investigate digestibility of crude protein, dry matter, organic matter of BSF maggot flour. The maggot was kept in media of fermented palm oil coir (FPOC) with dose of fermenter 1, 3, 5%. The maggot processed into flour and fed to kampong chickens. The reseach was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments were: M0 (fish meal), M1 (Maggot FPOC 1%), M2 (maggot FPOC 3%) and M3 (maggot FPOC 5%). Based on the results of the study, it was found that BSF had a significant effect (P <0.05) on protein digestibility (M0 = 75.70, M1 = 63.03, M2 = 73.32, and M3 = 56.24), a very significant effect (P <0.01) on the digestibility of dry matter (M0 = 64.72, M1 = 44.08, M2 = 44.26, and M3 = 37.43), and the digestibility of organic matter (M0 = 68.59, M1 = 45, 32, M2 = 48.08, and M3 = 47.47). Maggot flour from FPOC 3% produced good crude protein digestibility in kampong chicken compared to FPOC 1% and 3% .
Essay über die Theorie, wer Gott ist, das Matrixteilchen und die Quantenstaubgefäße: bei der Bildung von allem und dem Universum
Authors: Santos Irineu de Oliveira
Published: October 2021

In Anbetracht dessen, dass Gott nichts Absolutes ist, das einzige ewig gegenwärtige, unveränderliche und neutrale Element jeder Gleichung, das alles enthalten kann, was wir verstehen können, wie Dimensionen, Teilchen, Wellen, Materie, Energie, Leben; wo ohne diese Kraft das Universum und das Umgekehrte niemals passieren könnten, da es sich um einen einseitigen, unbestreitbaren Weg handelt, zielt dieser Aufsatz darauf ab, die Überlegungen in Bezug auf das Teilchen Gottes anzusprechen und dieses Teilchen zu beschreiben, das hier als Matrixteilchen bezeichnet wird und Quantenstaubblätter (PM und EQ), die ihr Verhalten im Raum diskutieren, das für das Verständnis ihrer Existenz wesentlich ist. Es ist eine Theorie, die auf eigenen Beobachtungen und bereits veröffentlichten Bibliographien basiert, die auf Studien zum Verständnis dessen basieren, was der größere Gott und die Halbgötter oder galaktischen Götter sind, einschließlich einer Analogie, wie die Universen den unterstützten Gott und andere mit energetischer Natur enthalten von geringerer Leistung, neben anderen Studien zum Thema, die sich mit dem grundlegendsten Teilchen des Universums befassen, sowohl in seiner Materie als auch in Form von Energie und sogar der Vorhersage der Existenz von Antimaterie. Zur besseren Komprimierung beschreibe ich diese größere Struktur namens “Gott”, in der die fundamentalen Teilchen existieren, bestehend aus sechs Grundelementen, die wir in dieser Funktion als “Quantenstaubblätter” bezeichnen, und einem energetischen Teilchen mit eigenem Licht die wir “Teilchenmatrix” nennen, weil sie hauptsächlich das Licht des Universums ist, wo es ohne diese strahlende Energie kein motorisches Leben gibt, was uns interessiert. Kurz gesagt, die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass, wenn die Konzepte von Form und Leistung des PMeEQ umfassend untersucht und verstanden werden, diese Daten einen Fortschritt in Bezug auf den Energieverbrauch, die Kraftstoffproduktion und sogar den Stofftransport ermöglichen werden.
INDICATORS OF ECONOMIC CULTURE
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Lepak Pavlo
Published: October 2021

The article considers the informal institute of economic culture of society and the author offers indicators for measuring its manifestation. It is substantiated that within the framework of digital globalization the paradigm of searching for the foundations for economic growth is changing, where informal institutions, one of which is the economic culture of society, are taking over. The process of transformation of economic culture of Ukraine has signs of ambivalence, and requires the dialectical participation of both society and the state, through the implementation of appropriate public policy in the field of education, competitive entrepreneurship, and public administration reform. The state, as an institution, which is basically also in a state of constant movement, as external factors such as globalization, informatization, digitalization, must build its activities to not just catch up with these changes, but to anticipate and direct the movement in the right direction. The formation of a competitive culture in the economic environment of the country allows for various reforms in the system approach and to learn the vector of economic development of the country, which significantly increases the investment attractiveness of the country and determines economic partnership in the international arena. Attention is focused on the essence of the changes taking place, the directions of the vectors of transformation of the economic culture of society. Particular attention is paid to the presentation of indicators of economic culture on economic processes and identification of possible problem areas, with the ability to track their change over time, set the necessary influence from the state for the necessary direction of its transformation and the impact of current processes on European integration. Some approaches to raising the level of economic culture are proposed. It is concluded that increasing the level of economic freedoms in the country, the formation of competitive entrepreneurship, and the transformation into adaptive state regulation is the embodiment of the state of economic culture in society, which determines the state policy of its formation.
«CUSTOMER JOURNEY» AS A COMPONENT OF STRATEGIC MARKETING
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Fayvishenko Diana , Romanchenko Tetiana ,   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Karmazinova Viktoriia ,   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics
Published: October 2021

The main factors influencing the formation of the main component of strategic marketing of the full cycle "customer journey" in terms of omnichannel strategy of retail networks were analyzed. The main aspects of obtaining customer experience and changes were discovered by identifying customers points of contact with the retail network on the possibility of appropriate changes in the marketing strategy of retail networks and their further adaptation to customer needs. Approaches to the study of customer experience and the application of the results of analysis in the communication strategy of trade enterprises in close connection with marketing channels were systematized. The "customer journey" schemes are constructed, which reflects the possible direction of movement from occurence of the need to the purchase using digital marketing channels. The results of estimating frequency of respondents' use of different variants of the "customer journey" with the confirmation of the hypothesis regarding the choice of optical strategy were presented.
ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE ASSESSMENT OF THE URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE SUSTAINABILITY
Authors:   Sumy State University, Niesheva Anastasiia
Published: October 2021

Urban infrastructure sustainability assessment currently is being viewed as an important step towards the reduction of urbanization consequences, at the same time improving sustainability of communities within economic, social and ecological changes. To make such informed decisions, scientists have already developed several tools for comprehensive assessment of cities’ sustainability, which unfortunately do not fully reflect the sustainability of their infrastructures. Most modern assessment methods have been developed based on the needs of developed countries, which differ from the needs of developing countries. Increasingly, cities in developed countries obtain the top positions in various international rankings for urban sustainability. At the same time, cities in developing countries are rarely included in the rankings. Despite the presence of a significant number of scientific papers on the topic of urban sustainability assessment, the methodology for assessing the sustainability of its infrastructure remains unestablished. Most scholars consider urban infrastructure to be an integral part of sustainability assessment. According to the author, this approach is ineffective in terms of the results obtained, as it does not provide an opportunity to objectively analyze the state of municipal infrastructure due to the small number of criteria used for direct evaluation. This approach also limits the possibility of comparison between the infrastructures of different cities. Therefore, there is a need for further research and development of a specialized methodology for urban infrastructure sustainability assessment. Within the scope of this work, author analyzed various methods used for urban infrastructure sustainability assessment, presenting their advantages and disadvantages as well as analyzed the wholeness of the main urban sustainability indicators used for urban infrastructure assessment. It was revealed that out of 9 indicators analyzed only 3 proved to be adequate based on the number of infrastructure components included into assessment methodologies and availability of assessment results for several consequent years.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES OF MARKETING FOR THE ANALYSIS OF THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENTERPRISE MARKET
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Pysar N.B. , Korzhenivska V.H. ,   State University of Telecommunications, Drokina N.I. ,   State University of Telecommunications
Published: October 2021

The study of consumer needs to improve and expand telecommunications competitive services in a strategic perspective has necessitated this study. The authors propose and substantiate the organizational and economic mechanism for ensuring stable competitive positions of the telecommunications company in the field of communications and developed recommendations for maintaining these positions in the future, in the dynamic development of competition in the telecommunications market. The aim of the study was to determine the role of marketing in ensuring the innovative development of telecommunications enterprises and to develop business strategies for their long-term development and competitiveness in the telecommunications market. To achieve this goal, a number of tasks of theoretical, analytical, recommendatory significance have been formed and fulfilled: to study the problems of regulation of the telecommunication technologies market in Ukraine; to study the methodology of analysis of the telecommunications market in the conditions of competition development; develop recommendations for JSC Ukrtelecom on the application of business strategies for long-term development and competitiveness in the telecommunications market. The object of the study was the telecommunications market in the face of competition. The subject of the research is the peculiarities of Ukrtelecom JSC's activity in the services market. Methods of analysis and synthesis were used to determine the features of the methodology of telecommunications market analysis, methods of statistical analysis - to assess the overall position of the company in the services market and identify opportunities for its further development and sustainable competitive positions in the domestic telecommunications market, evaluation method to analyze the competitiveness in the telecommunications market, deduction and induction and the method of comparison were used in the study of the competitive environment of the enterprise and indicators of financial and economic activity. To conduct a strategic analysis of the company's competitiveness, SWOT methods were used - analysis and the matrix "industry attractiveness - competitiveness", or the General Electric (GE) / McKinsey matrix - which was used to develop a strategy for the development of companies.
PRINCIPLED APPROACH TO THE FORMATION OF ANTI-CRISIS PROGRAM OF ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES
Authors:   Higher Educational Institution of Ukoopspilkа «Poltava University of Economics and Trade», Vlasenko Valentyn
Published: October 2021

The methodological and practical recommendations for the formation and implementations of an effective anti-crisis development program at the enterprise in the market conditions are substantiated. For this purpose the author's version of the structure of the anti-crisis development program at the enterprise in separate sections is recommended. The stages of the formation mechanism of crisis management at the enterprise in the conditions of economic crisis that allowed systematizing actions of separate subjects of anti-crisis process are considered. The content of the principal version of the anti-crisis development program at the enterprise for the perspective period is disclosed. As a result of the research, the separate tasks facing the employees are proposed, the actions and measures necessary for their implementation are singled out, the responsible persons, the terms of the program implementation and the necessary amount of financial resources are determined.
STRATEGIC BENEFITS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF LOYALTY PROGRAMS TO INCREASE THE PROFITABILITY OF MARKETING INVESTMENTS OF DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES
Authors:   SHEI «Donbas State Pedagogical University», Pylypenko Olena
Published: October 2021

The article examines the terminological aspects of the concept of “consumer loyalty”, indicates the directions of further research on the application of a systematic approach to managingcustomer loyalty, in particular the formation of enterprise management systems focused on retaining consumers and increasing their loyalty. Loyalty reflects the whole system of relations at the level of the consumer, the group, and society and is the result of the interaction of the buyer with the environment and the social processes that occur in society as a whole. Loyalty is determined by a complex, indirect dependence on a number of factors. As part of relationship marketing, loyalty programs are used to retain customers through their complete satisfaction. By a loyalty program, we mean a set of actions organized in such a way as to stimulate consumers and meet their requirements, as well as to minimize losses, namely losses in the number of consumers, and increase sales. The main motive of loyalty programs is to provide customers with the benefits: material, emotional, psychological. Depending on the pricing system for rewarding customers, there are two main types of consumer loyalty programs: discount and bonus programs. Discount programs provide their members with a purely material benefit in the form of a return of part of the paid price of the goods immediately at the time of purchase. Discount programs are replaced by bonus programs to encourage consumers. Their essence is that the consumer, making purchases, receives prize bonuses. The content of the loyalty program as a marketing tool that helps to create and maintain long-term relationships with consumers is determined. Competitive advantages that create consumer loyalty for the company have been studied. The types of programs to increase loyalty and the benefits that the consumer receives in the process of their implementation are considered. Attention is focused on the need to direct the activities of domestic enterprises to maintain loyalty to their brands, increase rational components, emphasize the unique properties of the Ukrainian products.
TAX INCENTIVE SYSTEM FOR INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY: STATE AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Pervomaisk Filyal National University of Shipbuilding, Havrilenko Nataliia , Hryshchenko Olena ,   Pervomaisk Filyal National University of Shipbuilding
Published: October 2021

The article examines the mechanisms of tax incentives for innovation of economic entities, which should focus on the development of national production and ensure sustainable macroeconomic growth. It was found that the main problems of the domestic economy, which create barriers to its innovative renewal, are the weak links between science and industry, lack of demand from industry and research and development, very low level of technical equipment of the economy, lack of market motivation for the development of knowledge-intensive production, worn-out equipment and, as a result, low efficiency of the economy as a whole. It is proved that among the main reasons for the reduction of budget revenues in the economy of Ukraine, in addition to the crisis, there are also tax benefits. For certain areas of business, this is one of the most attractive types of government support, as it means that some businesses are starting to pay less taxes. The rest, respectively, must be paid by other business structures or the state receives less money to finance its expenditures. As a result, inequality between taxpayers and a simultaneous reduction in the amount of funds that can be collected by the Ministry of Finance. Thus, in 2019 alone, due to the provision of tax benefits, the state budget did not receive budget revenues equivalent to 1.3 billion US dollars. Total budget losses from this source during 2015-2019 amounted to 6.4 billion dollars. It was found that in Ukraine there is almost no system for monitoring the impact of tax benefits, and this does not allow to assess the future effect of the introduction of such measures. Of course, this has important negative consequences for both public finances and the economy as a whole. The influence of granting tax benefits on the loss of state budget revenues is analyzed. Specific measures aimed at tax incentives for the development of innovation in Ukraine, the introduction of innovations by economic entities of all sizes are proposed. The need to rethink the criteria for granting tax benefits is noted. Foreign practice of tax incentives for innovation and investment activities, the cost of innovation is time-tested and quite diverse. Undoubtedly, it can be useful in the development of this area of tax incentives in Ukraine.
IMPROVEMENT OF METHODOLOGY OF AUDIT OF INCOME
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Nykyforak Iryna , Tanasiieva Maryna ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University
Published: October 2021

In the article the necessity of receiving of high-quality information about the income of a subject who manages different groups of users for the acceptance of administrative decisions is considered. It is set that the audit of reflection of income indexes in accounting will allow information users to get a confidence in her authenticity. The improvement of audit income methodology will contribute in the efficiency rise during the verification with the aim of offering an independent opinion of an accountant. A conceptual model is worked out with the purpose, which represents key moments of audit of income authenticity in the different forms of accounting: the retained earnings in Balance, forming of net income in Report on financial results, rightness’s of his taxation in the Tax return and legality of the use in Report on a property asset. The indicated model serves as basis for development of the detailed program of audit of income. In the program concrete tasks are determined on all stages of verification, for which the list of methods and accountant’s procedures are selected. Moreover, information sources are selected for research of a problem and working documents. Such program must become the detailed organizationally-methodical instruction for every performer with definitions of tasks implementation. Greater part of enterprise’s income is formed from the main activity, as a difference between a net profit from realization and realized unit cost. Therefore, it is possible to set authenticity of forming of result of accountant’s basic activity after confirmation of terms of confession of profits and charges, rightness of their forming, reflection in the system of account and reports. During the test of correctness of income tax calculation, an accountant studies the object and rate of taxation, especially paying attention to enterprise’s activity terms that allow applying favorable tax treatments. The size of income depends on optimization of the tax loading that is the subject of the business entity’s personal interest. During the verification of profit-using operations constituent documents and annual protocols of founders’ gatherings are investigated in detail that allows learning the sanctioned directions of the enterprise’s income using, check exactness of the realizable withholdings and rightness of the done book-keeping records. At the same time, it is important to pay attention not only to quantitative indexes, but also to analyze quality of income, since this information will be useful for decision making of all groups of the interested users.
MODELING THE FINANCIAL PROVISION’S ADEQUACY OF ONGOING OPERATIONAL PERIODS FOR RESORT BUSINESSES
Authors:   Dniprovskii University of the Humanities, Lysenko Olena
Published: October 2021

The article dwells upon investigation into the issue of providing the adequate financing level of firms’ operational period attained by creation and employment of the suggested economic mathematical toolkit. Its nucleus is the firm’s special stabilizing surplus fund operated with the set of the following models: model for the fund’s elaboration, its adaptive mathematical model and algorithmic model for the fund’s management (implemented via designed computer program). The mathematical model of special stabilizing surplus fund, as well as calculation of its amount for every next industrial period is being set forward in the paper. Both indispensable and sufficient condition of special stabilizing surplus fund’s organization is being enunciated. In order to estimate the volume of special stabilizing surplus fund, an analytical approach of «temporary money cost» is applied to expenditure function analysis. Thereby, we suggest the following approach to handling the issue of cash flow leveling within each step of calculation. Furthermore, the author suggests an approach brought forward in order to estimate the effect of resorting to special stabilizing surplus fund in the course of either one or several industrial periods. Purpose of the article is implementation of such a short-term prognostication technique as proportional predictive method. The methods applied include: proportional predictive method, dialectical method, observation method, critical and contrastive analysis and synthesis method. The decision was made to repudiate the approach implying creation of econometric models of time series dynamics for the present research due to the lack of statistical data. This article also aims at improving evaluation methods of financial state of a certain company at a definite period of time. The research held is based on the statistical data on business activities over the year of 2020 provided by the hotel «Dnister» (Ukraine).
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТЕОРІЇ ЗОБРАЖЕНЬ: МНОЖИНИ ТОЧОК І ОПЕРАЦІЙ НАД НИМИ
Authors: ГРИЦИК В.В.
Published: October 2021

Впродовж десятиліть розпізнавання образів і опрацювання зображень, зокрема, залишається актуальною задачею. На сьогодні ми маємо добре пророблений теоретичний фундамент базових понять, операцій і потребу формалізації вхідної (початкової) інформації, що допускає ефективне застосування теорії розпізнавання. Для розв’язку задачі, першим кроком, проведемо огляд понять та операцій алгебри зображень. Формалізм пов'язаний з побудовою архітектури системи обробки зображення полягає в тому, що атрибути пікселя можуть бути описані на межі арифметики і математичної морфології. У роботі лаконічно розглянуто алгебраїчне представлення множин точок і операцій над ними для уніфікованого застосування при подальшій роботі із зображеннями, включаючи а) синхронізацію українсько-англійських відповідників; б) забезпечення представлення неперервності відображення простору точок за допомогою математичного апарату для подальших досліджень. Алгебраїчна теорія представляє мову зображень як належним чином реалізований стандарт обробки зображень, що може значно зменшити зусилля для вивчення та розвитку проблем, пов'язаних з комп'ютерним зором. Оскільки, основа цієї мови суто математична і не залежить від майбутньої архітектури комп’ютера чи мови програмування, то ефективність цього підходу у розробці та навчанні студентів адаптувати алгебраїчну теорію зображень як стандартне середовище для обробки зображень є незаперечною. Додатковими перевагами алгебричної теорії зображень є: операції з елементарною алгеброю – невеликі за кількістю, прості і дають можливість представити метод перетворення зображень у легкозасвоюваній формі; алгебраїчні операції та операнди забезпечують можливість виразити всі перетворення зображення в зображення; теореми, що регулюють алгебру та комп’ютерні програми, засновані на позначеннях, підпорядковуються як машинно-залежним, так і машинно-незалежним методам оптимізації; алгебраїчне подання забезпечує більш глибоке розуміння маніпуляцій з операціями над зображенням через стислість опису (метод написання / сприйняття), що робить видимими оптимальні рішення; адаптованість до мов програмування дозволяє замінити надзвичайно короткі та стислі алгебраїчні вирази еквівалентними блоками коду, а отже, збільшує продуктивність програміста; алгебра забезпечує містку математичну структуру, яку можна використовувати, пов’язуючи проблеми обробки зображень з іншими математичними областями; без алгебраїчного подання рішення програміст ніколи не виграє від містка, що існує між мовою програмування та різноманітністю математичних структур, теорем та тотожностей, пов’язаних з математичною теорією; немає конкуруючих позначень, які б адекватно забезпечували всі ці переваги.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ДИСКРЕТНОГО АЛГОРИТМУ КЕРУВАННЯ ТРАНСПОРТНИМ ЗАСОБОМ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ТЕОРІЇ СКІНЧЕННИХ АВТОМАТІВ ТА МЕТОДІВ МАТЕМАТИЧНОЇ СТАТИСТИКИ
Authors: МЕЛЬНИК І.В. , ТУГАЙ С.Б.
Published: October 2021

У статті розглянуто модель керування транспортним засобом для лінійного закону зміни його швидкості у часі. Відмінною рисою сформованої математичної моделі є те, що вона створена з використанням аналітичних методів дискретної математики, теорії множин, теорії скінченних автоматів та математичної статистики. На основі аналізу простого закону руху транспортного засобу між двома заданими точками по прямій лінії з постійним зменшенням швидкості, теоретично обґрунтовано, що математичну модель такого закону руху можна реалізувати у просторі скінченних станів за часом, і, таким чином, звести її до відповідної моделі скінченного автомату. Безсумнівною перевагою запропонованої математичної моделі системи керування рухом транспортного засобу є її простота, а також відсутність коректувальної дії у ті моменти часу, коли рух транспортного засобу відповідає заданому закону із незначною похибкою. Це дозволяє уникнути зайвих викидів швидкості транспортного засобу та коливальних процесів, які можуть виникати у разі неперервної у часі керувальної дії за умови неправильного вибору параметрів системи керування. Окремо розглянуті математичні моделі для випадків квазістаціонарної та випадкової збурювальної дії. Для моделювання випадкової збурювальної дії використаний закон розподілу Стьюдента. Слід відзначити, що отримана у роботі схема скінченного автомату є універсальною та відповідає як квазістаціонарній, так і випадковій збурювальній дії. Змінюються лише аналітичні співвідношення дискретної математики та математичної статистики, за якими формується закон керування через аналіз станів скінченного автомату. Результати моделювання показали, що за умови квазістаціонарної збурювальної дії похибка керування складає приблизно 2–5%, а у разі випадкової збурювальної дії ця похибка становить приблизно 5–8%. Запропонований підхід до створення систем керування є досить універсальним та може бути успішно використаним для синтезу систем керування іншого призначення, зокрема технологічних.
Los colectivos de las víctimas en aspectos sociodemográficos, formación, trayectorias laborales y expectativas de inserción laboral : revisión bibliográfica.
Authors: Cárdenas Martínez Stefany , Anacona Ortiz Jhonier David , Millán Rojas Edwin Eduardo
Published: October 2021

El punto de inicio de esta revisión de literatura está establecido bajo las categorías de colectivos de víctimas e inserción laboral enfocada a las problemáticas del conflicto armado en Colombia. Para la búsqueda de referencias se utilizó las bases de datos Scielo, Web of Science, Scopus, entre otras, debido que las premisas de colectivos de víctimas e inserción laboral están enfocadas al objetivo principal el cual se basa en describir los colectivos de las víctimas en aspectos sociodemográficos, formación, trayectorias laborales y expectativas de inserción laboral; fue necesario ampliar las opciones de búsqueda hacia medios nacionales enfatizando en medios locales como periódicos, revistas, informes nacionales y páginas web del Estado colombiano, los cuales tenían temáticas relevantes para la recolección información, así obteniendo un consolidado de 61 referencias para la elaboración de este documento.