bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marginal Areas and Indigenous People Priorities for Research and Action
Authors: Azam-Ali Sayed , Ahmadzai Hayatullah , Choudhury Dhrupad , Goh Ee Von , Jahanshiri Ebrahim , Mabhaudhi Tafadzwanashe , Meschinelli Alessandro , Modi Albert Thembinkosi , Nhamo Nhamo , Olutayo Abidemi
Published: January 2023

Marginal environments are characterized by constrained agricultural potential and resource degradation attributable to biophysical and politico-socio-economic factors. These environments and the indigenous people who cultivate them rarely attract academic interest, policy studies or investment. The agricultural expertise of indigenous communities is often overlooked by decision-makers. Interventions based on mainstream crops and external technologies may fail indigenous communities where a vast range of crops are cultivated in diverse production systems and in marginal environments. Hunger, malnutrition, and poverty in indigenous communities are high. The challenges should be approached from the perspectives and resources of indigenous people. In this chapter, we discuss four biogeographical regions, arid, semi-arid, humid and mountainous, representing large parts of marginal lands and innovations, investment opportunities, and proposed action for the transformation of food systems in these areas. Marginal areas and indigenous people can benefit from improved linkages between formal and indigenous knowledge systems, participatory and demand-driven technologies, integration of indigenous knowledge in research, improvements in local crops, integrated management and access to markets. Our recommendations for the transformation of food systems in these areas include (1) Efforts to mainstream diverse value chains, (2) Development of evidence-based policies (3) Awareness of under-utilized and forgotten crops (4) Collective action and (5) Coordinated public and private investment in research and development for the empowerment of indigenous people and the development of their land.
A New Paradigm for Plant Nutrition
Authors: Dobermann Achim , Bruulsema Tom , Cakmak Ismail , Gerard Bruno , Majumdar Kaushik , McLaughlin Michael , Reidsma Pytrik , Vanlauwe Bernard , Wollenberg Eva , Zhang Fusuo , Zhang Xin
Published: January 2023

Nutrient inputs play a critical role in raising crops and livestock for food security, human nutrition and other uses in the bioeconomy. Their production and management must change so as to nourish crops, reduce harmful environmental impacts caused by nutrient losses and contribute to the restoration of soil health more effectively. A new paradigm for plant nutrition follows a food system approach in which multiple socioeconomic, environmental and health objectives must be achieved. The coming 10–20 years will be most critical for making the transition to a global food system in which all stakeholders look at food and nutrients in a holistic manner, including in regard to their hidden environmental, health and socioeconomic costs. Consumers, as well as governments and other stakeholders, need to support such a transformation, because farmers and the industry supporting them will not be able to implement all of the required actions alone. The outcome of this transformation will be a new societal plant nutrition optimum, rather than a purely economic optimum. The new nutrient economy will become an integral component of a low-carbon emission, environment-friendly and circular economy, supporting the food and nutrition requirements of a rising global population and improving the income and livelihood of farmers worldwide.
A Review of Evidence on Gender Equality, Women’s Empowerment, and Food Systems
Authors: Njuki Jemimah , Eissler Sarah , Malapit Hazel , Meinzen-Dick Ruth , Bryan Elizabeth , Quisumbing Agnes
Published: January 2023

Achieving gender equality and women’s empowerment in food systems can result in greater food security and better nutrition, as well as more just, resilient and sustainable food systems for all. This chapter uses a scoping review to assess the current evidence on pathways between gender equality, women’s empowerment and food systems. The chapter uses an adaptation of the food system framework to organize the evidence and identify where evidence is strong, and where gaps remain. Results show strong evidence on women’s differing access to resources, shaped and reinforced by contextual social gender norms, and on links between women’s empowerment and maternal education and important outcomes, such as nutrition and dietary diversity. However, evidence is limited on issues such as gender considerations in food systems for women in urban areas and in aquaculture value chains, best practices and effective pathways for engaging men in the process of women’s empowerment in food systems, and how to address issues related to migration, crises and indigenous food systems. While there are gender-informed evaluation studies examining the effectiveness of gender- and nutrition-sensitive agricultural programs, evidence indicating the long-term sustainability of such impacts remains limited. The chapter recommends key areas for investment: improving women’s leadership and decision-making in food systems, promoting equal and positive gender norms, improving access to resources, and building cross-contextual research evidence on gender and food systems.
Introduction
Authors: Bramwell Donna , Checkland Kath , Shields Jolanta , Allen Pauline
Published: January 2023

In this chapter we introduce the background and rationale for our historical review of community nursing services through the lens of health policy. We provide the research questions the review is based on and detail the topic themes used to structure our answers to these questions. We have considered policy relating to community nursing services over seven eras from 1948 to the present day and each subsequent chapter details this. A definition of community/district nursing used for the purposes of the review is provided, as well as an outline of the structure of the chapters and the book. Each chapter will follow a consistent format:

Historical context

The role and function of community/district nursing services

The management of community/district nursing services and the population covered

Financing community/district nursing services

Summary
2010–2015: The Health and Social Care Act, NHS Fragmentation
Authors: Bramwell Donna , Checkland Kath , Shields Jolanta , Allen Pauline
Published: January 2023

A change of government in 2010 brought fresh NHS reforms and a new Health and Social Care Act (HSCA, 2012). Both, along with the 2014, Five Year Forward View (NHSE) set the tone for this Chapter. We discuss how the continued emphasis on competition between providers, and the introduction of Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) which replaced Primary Care Trusts (PCTs) as commissioners of community services, impacted on community nursing service management and delivery. Policy shifted in favour of a more co-operative approach to service provision and familiar agendas were set out for keeping people out of hospital with reform based around integration between health care sectors and between health and social care services. There was little change on the ground for district nurses in this era despite increasing emphasis on integrated care, collaborative, cross-sector working (i.e. with LA social care) and multi-disciplinary team management of complex patients. The HSCA 2012 began to unravel almost as soon as it was enacted, with the emphasis on competition undermined by the Five Year Forward View shift towards integration between sectors as a dominant organising principle. Community Health Services (CHS) were, to some extent, protected from the fragmentation associated with the Act, and in terms of district nursing practice, this era generated little change with patterns of service provision remaining very much as they were following the upheaval generated by the Transforming Community Services agenda.
Political Conceptions of Human and Animal Rights: Principled and Prudential Reasons
Authors: Stucki Saskia
Published: January 2023

The preceding chapter has argued that animalscouldhave (some) human rights. Granted that the proposition of human rights for animals is conceptually plausible on naturalistic grounds, the question remains whether it is politically desirable on practical grounds. Would the inclusion of animals under the human rights framework be a good thing? Through the lens of political conceptions, this chapter explores a range of practical reasons why animalsshouldbe afforded human rights. I will argue that the extension of human rights to animals is warranted both forprincipledor ethical reasons (as a matter of justice for animals) and forprudentialor instrumental reasons (as a means of better safeguarding human rights). In short, human rights are good for animals and animal rights are good for humans.
Semantic Equivalence of Task-Oriented Programs in TopHat
Authors: Klijnsma Tosca , Steenvoorden Tim
Published: January 2023

Task-oriented programming (top) is a new programming paradigm for specifying multi-user workflows. To reason formally abouttopprograms, a formal language calledTopHathas been designed, together with its operational semantics. For proving properties about task-oriented programs, it is desirable to know when twoTopHat-programs are semantically equivalent. This paper aims to answer this question. We show that a task can be in either one of five conditions, and for every two tasks in the same condition, we define what it means for them to be semantically equivalent. Using this definition, we study a number of transformation laws forTopHat-programs, which can be used by developers and compilers to optimisetop-programs. We show that the "Image missing"operation on types inTopHatis a functor but cannot be a monad. We support our findings with proofs formalised in the dependently typed programming languageIdris.
Ist-Stand und Entwicklungspfade der Musikindustrie – Meinungsbilder aus drei Perspektiven
Authors: Klingner Stephan , Miller Mihail , Schumacher Frank , Thomas Patrick , Becker Michael
Published: January 2023

Die Problemfelder an der Schnittstelle zwischen IT und Musikindustrie sind bei der Wahrnehmung von Urheberrechten, ebenso wie mögliche Lösungsansätze, vielschichtig. Die Komplexität langfristig gewachsener Systeme in Kombination mit der Heterogenität der Akteure erschweren Innovationsschritte und die Entwicklung einfacher und kompromissfreier Lösungsansätze. Gleichzeitig sind in vielen Bereichen Verbesserungen möglich oder gar dringend notwendig, wie die Ausführungen der vorangegangenen Kapitel an verschiedenen Stellen angedeutet haben.
Assessing the Digital Transformation of Education Systems
Authors: Qayyum Adnan
Published: January 2023

The digital transformation of education has been underway for decades at differing paces across the world. In this chapter, an education digitization index is proposed in order to assess the extent of digital transformation in various countries. The education digitization index is composed for four variables: digital assets, digital use, digital labor, and digital outcomes. While a lot of research and practice in education has been on digital use – applying particular digital educational technologies – countries with substantial digital assets and a commitment to digital labor are able to transform education systems more readily. Digital assets and digital labor have become more important during the pandemic.
Culture, Ethics of Care, Community, and Language in Online Learning Environments: Supporting Adult Educators in a Digital Era
Authors: Hedayati-Mehdiabadi Amir , Gunawardena Charlotte N.
Published: January 2023

Considering the increase in the number of online courses and programs across the globe, preparing educators for creating inclusive online environments for learners to thrive is imperative. The worldwide pandemic of 2020, in a sense, only accelerated the already rising trends of online course offerings in higher education and further expanded it to other sections of education and geographical locations. Reviewing the existing literature and building on the authors’ experiences, this chapter uses a cultural and ethical lens to examine issues related to community and language to contribute to the design of equitable and inclusive online learning environments. Although these issues impact all segments of the educational enterprise, given the authors’ experiences with adult learning, the focus in this chapter will be on adults as learners.
Virtual Internationalization as a Concept for Campus-Based and Online and Distance Higher Education
Authors: Bruhn-Zass Elisa
Published: January 2023

The concept of Virtual Internationalization systematizes the many possible uses of digital technology in the internationalization of higher education. It is rooted in a comprehensive understanding of internationalization that encompasses the entire institution. Virtual Internationalization includes, but is not limited to, curricular concepts such as virtual mobility, virtual exchange, and virtual study abroad. Beyond the curriculum, it also involves the internationalization of management and administration, academic and teaching staff, and the role of digital technology in physical student mobility, international partnerships, collaboration, and transnational education. Moreover, Virtual Internationalization systematically integrates online and distance education. Study programs that are offered fully online or at a distance are thus brought out of the blind spot of internationalization.
Program and Course Evaluation in Open, Distance, and Digital Education
Authors: dela Peña Bandalaria Melinda
Published: January 2023

Open, Distance, and Digital Education (ODDE) has potential to help educational institutions address the various challenges which usually result in the disruptions of the learning process. This system of education is flexible, agile, and resilient enough to adjust to the different contexts and also enables the academic institution to respond to some expectations like making available lifelong learning opportunities to all types of learners. There is, however, a lingering perception that ODDE is of lower quality compared to the conventional mode of education despite results of research showing otherwise which can prevent the realization of the full potential of this system of instruction.

Through an intensive review of literature, this chapter looked at how quality in ODDE was and is being articulated with respect to curricular programs and courses and how they are evaluated for quality with the goal of determining if there are gaps which need to be addressed to help dispel that perception of lower quality. Eleven Quality Assurance (QA) Frameworks developed by various organizations from different parts of the world during the last 20 years (2000–2019) were evaluated for a more focused review process. Results showed that there is a general agreement as to what constitutes quality in this system of education. For the methodologies for program and course evaluation, some improvements and innovations can be done as informed by the QA Frameworks and tapping on what information can the technology provide as in the case of learning analytics which served as basis for the recommendations made.
Quality Assurance of Open Educational Resources
Authors: Zawacki-Richter Olaf , Müskens Wolfgang , Marín Victoria I.
Published: January 2023

The lack of transparency of the quality of Open Educational Resources (OER) is often seen as a barrier to the wider adoption, use, sharing, and further development of OER in the practice of teaching and learning in ODDE. Following the UNESCO Recommendation on OER, this chapter starts providing an overview of quality assurance systems from an international perspective, and the perceptions of faculty members on OER quality. Then, based on an empirical study, a quality framework and validated instrument for the evaluation and quality assessment of OER is presented – the Instrument for Quality Assurance of OER (IQOER). The second part of the chapter looks at how such an instrument can be integrated into a quality assurance process that takes into account the different goals, roles, and functions of the stakeholders involved. It becomes clear that a cultural change toward Open Educational Practice (OEP) is also needed to reach a wider acceptance of OER.
Accreditation and Recognition of Prior Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Conrad Dianne
Published: January 2023

The recognition of prior learning (RPL) can, and does, play an important role in the accreditation of higher institutional learning, thereby benefitting students, employers, and society. Using rigorous tools that permit learners to bring forward for assessment their experiential learning from various life experiences, RPL can contribute to a fuller and equally valid expression of learners’ knowledge than does traditional assessment. Additionally, RPL contributes to mitigating issues of equity, diversity, and inclusion in education by acknowledging and valuing a variety of learning opportunities. RPL also raises difficult epistemological issues and the question of knowledge ownership, thus making it a contentious and challenging academic concern This chapter reviews the process and pedagogy of RPL practice within the evolving context of accreditation, both at present and in the future, a future which includes innovations such as open educational practice, MOOCs, and micro-credentialling, all of which create opportunities for traditional modes of accreditation and assessment to re-examine their purpose and process.
Automated Essay Scoring Systems
Authors: Ifenthaler Dirk
Published: January 2023

Essays are scholarly compositions with a specific focus on a phenomenon in question. They provide learners the opportunity to demonstrate in-depth understanding of a subject matter; however, evaluating, grading, and providing feedback on written essays are time consuming and labor intensive. Advances in automated assessment systems may facilitate the feasibility, objectivity, reliability, and validity of the evaluation of written prose as well as providing instant feedback during learning processes. Measurements of written text include observable components such as content, style, organization, and mechanics. As a result, automated essay scoring systems generate a single score or detailed evaluation of predefined assessment features. This chapter describes the evolution and features of automated scoring systems, discusses their limitations, and concludes with future directions for research and practice.
Future Skills as New Currency for the World of Tomorrow
Authors: Ehlers Ulf-Daniel
Published: January 2023

In a rapidly changing world, the discussion on Future Skills is one of the most topical in educational research. The discussion on Future Skills has been going on for a long time (starting with studies on graduate attributes), is often intangible due to conceptual ambiguity about what skills actually are, and often only refers to digital Future Skills in a reduced way. The research presented here is based on a sound empirical approach, the multi-method, and multi-part NextSkills studies. The intention of the project is to explore the demand for specific Future Skills in more detail and then, in a second step, to substantiate them in terms of educational theory. These Future Skills are classified by the “Future Skills Triple Helix-Model of Capacity to Act in Emergent Practical Contexts.” More specifically, these are skills such as ambiguity competence, ethical competence, self-competence, and others.
Designing Online Learning for Children and Youth
Authors: Borup Jered , Archambault Leanna
Published: January 2023

Students at the primary and secondary levels are increasingly enrolling in online courses either to supplement or completely replace their in-person courses. While there are benefits to learning online, they come at a cost, and students are less likely to pass their online courses compared to their in-person courses. In this chapter, we share two frameworks. We share the 4Es framework that highlights how online courses should be designed to enable, extend, engage, and elevate student learning. However, a well-designed course is not enough, and most students will require support from others to be successful. For this reason, we also share the Academic Communities of Engagement (ACE) framework that highlights the supports that can increase a student’s affective, behavioral, and cognitive engagement. The ACE framework identifies actors within the student’s personal community and course community who can provide students with the support that they require.
Designing Online Learning Communities
Authors: Cleveland-Innes M. , Hawryluk J.
Published: January 2023

Higher education course design is moving increasingly toward constructivist, collaborative approaches for higher-order learning. A community-based approach to learning fits both this type of pedagogy and preferred learning outcomes related to critical thinking and metacognition. This is particularly necessary when moving such learning online, and the need for a community is even more important for engagement and motivation than in-person learning, where community and connection is often created organically. Online learning communities can be effectively created using the community of inquiry theoretical framework, as it intentionally makes space for learners to express their teaching, social, and cognitive presences. To support the design of effective online learning experiences, how each presence fits into the constructivist and inquiry-based approaches is explained in this chapter. As well, applications are suggested. Finally, assessment approaches are provided that are in line with the tenets of constructivism, inquiry-based learning, and hence the community of inquiry.
Pedagogical Paradigms in Open and Distance Education
Authors: Dron Jon , Anderson Terry
Published: January 2023

Building on earlier work that identified historical paradigm shifts in open and distance learning, this chapter is concerned with analyzing the three broad pedagogical paradigms – objectivist, subjectivist, and complexivist – that have characterized learning and teaching in the field over the past half century. It goes on to discuss new paradigms that are starting to emerge, most notably in “theory-free” models enabled by developments in artificial intelligence and analytics, hologogic methods that recognize the many cultures to which we belong, and a “bricolagogic,” theory-agnostic paradigm that reflects the field’s growing maturity and depth.
Conversations on Indigenous Centric ODDE Design
Authors: Restoule Jean-Paul , Snow Kathy
Published: January 2023

In reviewing Indigenous approaches to open, distance, and digital education, the authors found that Indigenous people have been keen to adopt and adapt technologies for their own uses and purposes but are less successful in controlling and creating technologies that dominate the learning landscape. Given the scant literature available on this topic, using the methodologies of kitchen table talks, the authors dialogue their experiences working with Indigenous people and designs in open, distance, and online teaching and education. Through their storytelling, the authors elicit examples of experience in postsecondary education contexts in Canada including the use of talking circles, blended and inclusive learning, development of safe spaces and hubs, and challenges balancing home life and online learning. The importance of relationships, community connection, and validating self and identity in the learning experience were strong themes that emerged from the dialogue. Indigenous pedagogies and knowledges online is a relatively unexplored phenomenon and this initial foray into characteristics, successes, and challenges may be a starting point for future scholars to follow. By sharing highly contextualized narratives from Canada, we aim to increase the global dialogue around decolonizing ODDE and therefore end the chapter by examining our experience against ongoing international discussions.
Bubble migration characteristics in power transformer oil under coupled stresses of forced vibration and electrical field
Authors: Ladislas Niyomugabo Emmanuel , Li Qingmin , Liu Qiushi , Jie Wu , Weimin Huang
Published: January 2023

The stresses existing in power transformers lead to the generation of bubbles. They are the primary source that worsens and leads to insulation failure. Due to the complexity of bubble dynamics, it is challenging to figure out bubble mechanisms. However, creation, migration, and accumulation mechanisms require further explanation. A set of experiments has been conducted to provide a scientific overview of bubbles. The results revealed that buoyancy is dominant in low electric fields, while high electric fields affect bubbles' rise. Bubbles stretch and oscillate while moving. When the electric field is not strong, the AC field reduces the duration and volume of bubble detachment. Vibration stress on the other side is leading the bubble motion including detachment frequency and migration speed. Under the combination of AC and vibration stresses, the bubble distortion degree aggravates and bubble gathering formation is easy. This research can provide a deeper acumen of the bubble's actions beneath a power transformer under a combination of vibration and electric fields. It provides essential technique parameters to deal with while investigating bubble's problems and related engineering research areas.
Interactions between the aging brain and motor task complexity across the lifespan: balancing brain activity resource demand and supply
Authors: Van Ruitenbeek P , Santos Monteiro T , Chalavi S , King B R , Cuypers K , Sunaert S , Peeters R , Swinnen S P
Published: January 2023

The Compensation Related Utilization of Neural Circuits Hypothesis (CRUNCH) proposes a framework for understanding task-related brain activity changes as a function of healthy aging and task complexity. Specifically, it affords the following predictions: (i) all adult age groups display more brain activation with increases in task complexity, (ii) older adults show more brain activation compared with younger adults at low task complexity levels, and (iii) disproportionately increase brain activation with increased task complexity, but (iv) show smaller (or no) increases in brain activation at the highest complexity levels. To test these hypotheses, performance on a bimanual tracking task at 4 complexity levels and associated brain activation were assessed in 3 age groups (20–40, 40–60, and 60–80 years, n = 99). All age groups showed decreased tracking accuracy and increased brain activation with increased task complexity, with larger performance decrements and activation increases in the older age groups. Older adults exhibited increased brain activation at a lower complexity level, but not the predicted failure to further increase brain activity at the highest complexity level. We conclude that older adults show more brain activation than younger adults and preserve the capacity to deploy increased neural resources as a function of task demand.
Plastic gear loss estimates from a major Australian pot fishery
Authors: Bornt Katrina , How Jason , de Lestang Simon , Linge Kathryn , Hovey Renae , Langlois Tim
Published: January 2023

The quantity of plastic fishing gear lost to the ocean remains largely undocumented despite its importance for understanding the magnitude of fishery contributions to plastic marine debris and mitigating contamination at the source. This study estimated plastic gear loss from a major Australian pot fishery by interviewing 50 commercial fishers from the West Coast Rock Lobster Managed Fishery in 2021 to document the plastic gear components used, the number of pots lost, and the causes for gear loss. The estimated annual percentage of gear lost (10.8%) and rate of “active” gear loss by fishing effort (0.2%) were lower than global estimates for other pot fisheries indicating that plastic gear loss from this commercial fishery is relatively low. Plastic gear loss was attributed to rope (47.0%), pot components (30.7%), and floats (22.3%), of which 78.0% were polypropylene and polyethylene. The composition of pots, measures used to prevent gear loss, and changes to management could influence plastic gear loss from this fishery. This is the first study to examine plastic gear loss from an Australian pot fishery with a dynamic approach that provides robust estimates for better understanding plastic gear loss from fisheries and informing plastic mitigation efforts.
Assessment of copper (Cu) nanoparticle for their biocontrol activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, growth promotion, and physiology of rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants
Authors: Chauhan Hetal , Patel Mohini , Patel Prittesh , Tiwari Sanjay , Jinal Hardik Naik , Amaresan Natarajan
Published: January 2023

Among the various biotic factors that disrupt crop yield, Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) is the most ruinous microbe of rice and causes bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease. The present study focused on the utilization of copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) to control BLB. The copper nanosuspension (259.7 nm) prepared using Na-CMC, CuSO4·7H2O, and NaOH showed effectively inhibited Xoo (65.0 μg/ml). The performance of Cu-NPs in vivo showed enhanced plant attributes (127.9% root length and 53.9% shoot length) compared to the control and CuSO4 treated seedling. Furthermore, Cu-NPs treated seedlings showed 23.01% disease incidence (DI) compared to CuSO4 (85.71%) treated and control plants (91.83%). In addition to enhancing the growth parameters and reducing DI, seed priming with Cu-NPs improved the total chlorophyll content to 36.0% compared to the control. The assessment of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (1.9 U), polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (two- to three-fold) in roots and shoots of rice plants revealed significant enhancement in Cu-NPs treated seedlings (P < 0.05). The present study suggests that Cu-NPs can be used to control Xoo and enhance rice growth.
Quercetin Inhibits Pyroptosis in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy through the Nrf2 Pathway
Authors: Wei Zhang , Jing Zhou , Pinfang Kang , Chao Shi , Shaohuan Qian
Published: January 2023

The present study investigated whether quercetin promotes the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to inhibit pyroptosis progression and ameliorate diabetic cardiomyopathy. We evaluated the protective effects of quercetin against diabetic cardiomyopathy by analyzing the expression of pyroptosis pathway proteins, myocardial cell apoptosis rate, degree of myocardial fibrosis, and serum inflammatory indices in the hearts of model rats with diabetes. We evaluated the expression of Nrf2 in the nucleus of cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cells to clarify the role of quercetin in promoting the nuclear translocation of Nrf2. In addition, we coincubated cardiomyocytes with the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 to confirm that quercetin inhibits the diabetes-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis via the Nrf2 pathway. We found that quercetin promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in cardiac cells of diabetic rats, increased the expression of the antioxidant proteins HO-1, GCLC, and SOD, reduced the accumulation of ROS and the degree of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and alleviated diabetes-induced cardiac fibrosis. The therapeutic effects of quercetin were further validated in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, ML385 prevented the beneficial effects of quercetin on diabetic cardiomyopathy, further indicating that the quercetin-mediated inhibition of pyroptosis requires the participation of the Nrf2 pathway. In conclusion, quercetin promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, increased the expression of antioxidant factors in cells, and inhibited the progression of cell pyroptosis, thereby alleviating diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Traditional Herbal Remedies for Periodontitis
Authors: Kakad Amit V. , D. Laddha Umesh , Kshirsagar Sanjay J. , Khairnar Shubham J.
Published: January 2023

Oral diseases developed because of poor oral hygiene are responsible for health burdens in many countries which may affect the person for a lifetime, lead to severe pain, and may cause death. Improper oral hygiene can also result in the development of oral cancer. As per the WHO facts sheet on ‘Oral health’, 3.5 billion population suffers from oral diseases globally. As per the Global Burden of disease, tooth decay is the most common condition. Poor oral hygiene and lack of awareness amongst the population of middle and low-income countries result in the formation of dental diseases. Additionally; diabetes and smoking increase the risk of dental diseases by many folds. Some phytoconstituent from plants we called as herbal remedies are found to be very effective and safe over conventional or synthetic medicines. Anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties of various herbal remedies are advantageous over the antibiotics used in periodontitis. Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent gum diseases in the world which affects the soft tissue and bone support to the tooth. Poor oral hygiene can lead to progressive loss of alveolar bone around the teeth. Various herbal remedies traditionally used for oral hygiene recently showed promising results against Periodontitis. This review provides detailed emphasis on the various herbal remedies and its components used for the treatment of diseases related to dental care, gum & teeth, and overall oral hygiene. Our goal is to discuss the overall views of researchers and the current useful strategy of herbal components for periodontitis.
Heritage Industry, or Lithuanian Notions of the Manor in the 21st Century
Authors: Kulevičius Salvijus
Published: January 2023

For decades, the notion of a manor was basically unequivocal in the Lithuanian society – it was related to Polish influence (which means it is not ours, Lithuanian). This was the result of political and cultural conflicts between the two nations, a struggle for the power of expression of great narratives and historical memory. The manor with its history and heritage was depicted in negative or at least gloomy colors. Such notions dominated in the consciousness of Lithuanians almost during the whole 20th century. In the second half of the 1980s, the first seeds of alternative or novel notions of the manor emerged in Lithuania. In about 2000, the business discourse appropriated manor culture to create their own notion as developers of products and services for consumers. This paper presents the genesis of this notion, its peculiarities, expressions, and interactions with Lithuanian identity and historical memory.One of the conclusions of the research is that around 2010, a fundamental turning point occurred in the concept and notion of Lithuanian manors, as they came to be associated with native Lithuanian culture and identity – associated, yet not unconditionally accepted. The new role of the manor presents an interesting phenomenon. Manor culture is perceived as attractive because of its different, exotic, and unknown culture.
Early-Onset Sepsis in Newborns
Authors: Briggs-Steinberg Courtney , Roth Philip
Published: January 2023

Early-onset sepsis can cause significant morbidity and mortality in newborn infants. Risk factors for sepsis include birth to mothers with inadequately treated maternal group B Streptococcus colonization, intra-amniotic infection, maternal temperature greater than 100.4°F (>38°C), rupture of membranes greater than 18 hours, and preterm labor. The organisms that most commonly cause early-onset sepsis include group B Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, and viridans streptococci. Infants often present within the first 24 hours after birth with clinical signs of sepsis, with respiratory distress as the most common presenting symptom. However, infants can also have respiratory distress from noninfectious etiologies. Therefore, when physicians are faced with asymptomatic infants with risk factors or infants with respiratory distress without risk factors, there is a delicate balance between empirically treating with antibiotics and observing these infants without treating.
Older Adults in Developing Countries Seem to be Neglected Contacts in Technological Products
Authors: Samei-Sis Siros , Nadrian Haidar , Azizi-Zeinalhajlou Akbar
Published: January 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Mapping Approaches to Decolonizing and Indigenizing the Curriculum at Canadian Universities
Authors: Brunette-Debassige Candace , Wakeham Pauline , Smithers-Graeme Cindy , Haque Aisha , Chitty Sara Mai
Published: January 2023

This article identifies five predominant approaches to Indigenizing the curriculum occurring within Canadian universities today. Examining these approaches in relation to theories of change articulated by Gaudry and Lorenz (2018) and Stein (2020), the article considers the possibilities and limits of each approach as well as the degree to which they challenge the colonial and Eurocentric edifices of Canadian universities. While many of the current approaches to curricular change involve minor reforms that focus on individual transformation rather than substantive structural shifts, the authors also identify promising initiatives that push toward greater Indigenous intellectual sovereignty and institutional autonomy. The article concludes by calling on academic institutions to better center Indigenous Peoples, lands and knowledges in curricular change, and more specifically, to embrace structural revision that ensures Indigenous leadership and autonomy.
Factors Affecting Purchasing Decisions for Leather Craft: Price, Quality, and Service
Authors: Yulian Muchammad Rifta Indra , Prapanca Detak
Published: January 2023

This causal quantitative research examines the impact of price, product quality, and service quality on purchasing decisions for leather craft products. The study utilizes accidental sampling with 98 respondents, and data collection is done through a questionnaire measured using a Likert scale. Multiple linear regression analysis is employed for data analysis. The findings demonstrate that there is a significant simultaneous and partial effect of price, product quality, and service quality on purchasing decisions. Service quality emerges as the most dominant factor influencing purchasing decisions, as evidenced by the beta coefficient. Moreover, the strong relationship between price, product quality, service quality, and purchasing decisions is substantiated by a high R value. These findings have implications for businesses in the leather craft industry, highlighting the importance of pricing strategies, product quality, and exceptional service to drive customer purchasing decisions.

Highlights:

This quantitative causal study explores the impact of price, product quality, and service quality on purchasing decisions for leather craft products.

Accidental sampling was used to select 98 respondents, and data were collected through a Likert scale questionnaire.

The findings indicate a significant influence, both individually and collectively, of price, product quality, and service quality on purchasing decisions. Service quality emerges as the most influential factor, emphasizing the importance of exceptional customer service in driving purchasing decisions for leather craft products.

Keywords: Price, Product quality, Service quality, Purchasing decisions, Leather craft products.
Geotecnologias aplicadas no Ensino Fundamental II: contribuições da formação de professores de geografia em serviço
Authors: Sousa Iomara
Published: January 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar ações didáticas realizadas com auxílio de materiais cartográficos, produzidos por meio das geotecnologias, pelos professores de geografia da rede pública municipal de São Gonçalo/RJ como materialidade da participação no curso de extensão “GEOPEES: geotecnologias como instrumentos para pensar o espaço geográfico”. Essa formação continuada proporcionou empoderamento e mudanças em suas atividades didáticas dos professores para elaborar atividades cartográficas por meio de imagens de satélites e mapas elaborados em um Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG), visando mobilizar a construção do conhecimento geográfico, cujos pontos inicial e final compreenderam o espaço de vivência dos estudantes. A metodologia dessa investigação baseou-se na PAPe (pesquisa-ação pedagógica), com o intuito de levar os educadores a se reconhecerem enquanto autores e protagonistas em suas práticas de ensino em sala de aula. Como forma de avaliação do curso, os professores desenvolveram uma atividade cartográfica com uso do anaglifo, a partir de imagens orbitais e mapa elaborado no QGIS em uma de suas respectivas turmas do 6º ao 9º ano na escola municipal em que lecionam em São Gonçalo. Isso evidenciou que os docentes se reconheceram como sujeitos produtores de seu próprio material didático e, portanto, protagonistas do ato de ensinar cartografia. Em suma, verificou-se que as tecnologias utilizadas para a elaboração de mapas são capazes de melhorar as práticas educativas dos educadores de geografia, especialmente, com recortes espaciais que contemplem o cotidiano dos estudantes.
SARS-CoV-2 severity prediction in young adults using artificial intelligence
Authors: Kas’janenko K. V. , Kozlov K. V. , Zhdanov K. V. , Lapikov I. I. , Belikov V. V.
Published: January 2023

Aim: to build a predictive model for severe COVID-19 prediction in young adults using deep learning methods.   Materials and methods: data from 906 medical records of patients aged 18 to 44 years with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during 2020–2021 period was analyzed. Evaluation of laboratory and instrumental data was carried out using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The level of statistical significance was p≤0,05. The neural network was trained using the Pytorch framework.   Results: in patients with mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection, peripheral oxygen saturation, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, total protein, albumin, hematocrit, serum iron, transferrin, and absolute peripheral blood eosinophil and lymphocyte counts were significantly higher than in patients with severe СOVID-19 (p< 0,001). The values of the absolute number of neutrophils, ESR, glucose, ALT, AST, CPK, urea, LDH, ferritin, CRP, fibrinogen, D-dimer, respiration rate, heart rate, blood pressure in the group of patients with mild and moderate severity were statistically significantly lower than in the group of severe patients (p < 0.001). Eleven indicators were identified as predictors of severe COVID-19 (peripheral oxygen level, peripheral blood erythrocyte count, hemoglobin level, absolute eosinophil count, absolute lymphocyte count, absolute neutrophil count, LDH, ferritin, C-reactive protein, D-dimer levels) and their threshold values. A model intended to predict COVID-19 severity in young adults was built.   Conclusion. The values of laboratory and instrumental indicators obtained in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection upon admission significantly differ. Among them eleven indicators were significantly associated with the development of a severe COVID-19. A predictive model based on artificial intelligence method with high accuracy predicts the likelihood of severe SARS-CoV-2 course development in young adults.
Evaluation of Resistance and Susceptibility to Prion Diseases in Pelibuey Sheep from Mexico
Authors: Rodríguez-Andrade Fabiola , Villanueva-Castillo Arnulfo , Pastelin-Rojas Cesar Feliciano , Avila-Benitez Raymundo , Moreno-Mejía Ruby Sandy , Galicia-Domínguez José Alfredo
Published: January 2023

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are a group of neurodegenerative diseases with a chronic and fatal course, which are caused by a misfolded form of the cellular prion protein that is encoded by the host. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the resistance and genetic susceptibility to prion diseases in Pelibuey sheep from Mexico. The sequences of 99 Pelibuey sheep from the central and southwestern regions of Mexico were analyzed to determine the polymorphisms related to resistance and genetic susceptibility to scrapie, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test and the D-Tajima test was used to identify the effect of evolutionary forces on the PRNP gene. Twelve non-synonymous polymorphisms Q101R, M112T, A116P, G127A, A136V, M137T, L141F, H143R, R154H, Q171R, Q171H, N176K were detected, in addition two synonymous substitutions 231R (agg/cgg) and 237L (ctc/ctg) were found. As a result of the sequence analysis, the ARR allele was not under the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, indicating that there is an evolutionary force at work, and the D-Tajima suggest the existence of purifying genetic selection. In conclusion, Pelibuey sheep exhibit genotypes for the PRNP gene that make them resistant to developing classic scrapie; at least 98% of the population is a carrier of an allele related to scrapie resistance; while for atypical scrapie there is a very high probability that an outbreak occurred in the herds, since the ARQ allele in combination with the L substitution at codon 141 confers susceptibility to carrier sheep.
Changing Lives Through Innovation, An Interview with Dean Moez Limayem
Authors: Bridges Paige , Hafeli Vince
Published: January 2023

This narrative profile of Moez Limayem, Dean of the Muma College of Business, was developed using the thematic narrative research method, which included three exploratory interviews. The initial interview on which this narrative is based focused on the formative experiences that shaped Dean Limayem's life and career up to the present day. The objective was to derive the meaning of Dean Limayem's lived experiences through his storytelling. Based on initial research, the interviews were framed under the central theme of innovation. However, early into the interviews, the theme of innovation proved too narrow and was expanded to include the themes of relationships and changing lives. These themes revealed that innovation is not Dean Limayem's end goal but rather a means to the end of his true mission of changing lives. Utilizing existing frameworks found in the literature, we identified the construct of servant leadership as a model to evaluate the interview. Two dimensions of servant leadership, relationships, and helping subordinates grow and succeed, contribute to this research by exploring the lived experience of Dean Limayem based on the antecedents and outcomes of his success.
Misconception Analysis of the Material Science Content of the Human Circulatory System Using Concept Map Assessment in Elementary School
Authors: Fajriyanti Aulia Itsna , Sayekti Ika Candra
Published: January 2023

Understanding of science concepts is important so that students are able to describe and relate a concept to other concepts. The reality is that students often do not understand science concepts in depth. This study aims to identify the misconceptions that occur in the content of IPA, the sub-concept of the human circulatory system with a concept map assessment. The method used is descriptive qualitative. This study uses tests and interviews as data collection techniques. This research was conducted at SD Negeri Manahan with the research subject being fifth grade students consisting of 25 students. The research guidelines were in the form of a concept map making test and interviews. The results showed that there were still students who had misconceptions about the human circulatory system, namely the value in the low category of 48% of students, medium category of 40% of students, and high category of 12% of students. The biggest misunderstanding occurs in the concept of the function and name of each organ in the human circulatory system.