bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A review on the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine with anti-cancer effect targeting ferroptosis
Authors: Wang Longyan , Huang Huiming , Li Xingxing , Ouyang Lishan , Wei Xuejiao , Xie Jinxin , Liu Dongxiao , Tan Peng , Hu Zhongdong
Published: October 2023

Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. It can be triggered by various mechanisms, including the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4)-glutathione (GSH) axis, iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, the GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1)-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) pathway, and the ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1)-coenzyme Q10 axis. The redox balance is disrupted when ferroptosis occurs in cells, which is fatal to cancer cells. Additionally, some tumor-associated genes are involved in ferroptosis. Hence, targeting ferroptosis might be an effective strategy for treating cancer. Several small-molecule compounds exhibit anti-tumor effects through ferroptosis, including sorafenib and altretamine, which induce ferroptosis by inhibiting System-Xc and GPX4 respectively, but many problems, such as poor druggability, still exist. Some studies have shown that many traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) induce ferroptosis by inhibiting GPX4, solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), or by increasing the expression of Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4), transferrin (TF), and transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1). These changes can lead to the lysosomal degradation of ferritin, accumulation of iron, lipid peroxidation and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn can promote anti-tumor activities or synergistic effects with chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study, we elucidated the underlying mechanisms of ferroptosis, and the anti-tumor pharmacology of TCM targeting ferroptosis including prescriptions, Chinese herbs, extracts, and natural compounds. Our findings might act as valuable reference for research on anti-tumor drugs targeting ferroptosis, especially those drugs developed from TCM.
The effectiveness of blood glucose and blood ketone measurement in identifying significant acidosis in diabetic ketoacidosis patients
Authors: Kilpatrick Eric S. , Butler Alexandra E. , Saeed Sawsan , Alamuddin Naji , Atkin Stephen L. , Sacks David B.
Published: October 2023

Background

Patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a potentially fatal complication of type 1 diabetes, have hyperglycemia, ketonemia and metabolic acidosis. Blood glucose and blood ketone results are often used to triage patients with suspected DKA. This study aimed to establish how effective blood glucose and blood ketone (beta-hydroxybutyrate, BOHB) measurements are in identifying patients with significant acidosis and sought to validate existing diagnostic BOHB thresholds.

Methods

Initial Emergency Department results on 161 presumptive DKA episodes in 95 patients (42 F, 53 M, age range 14–89 years) containing a complete dataset of D (glucose), K (BOHB) and A (Bicarbonate [HCO3] and pH) results.

Results

Blood glucose correlated poorly with BOHB (r = 0.28 p = 0.0003), pH (r= -0.25, p = 0.002) and HCO3 (r= -0.17, p = 0.04). BOHB, though better, was still limited in predicting pH (r = -0.44, p < 0.0001) and HCO3 (r = -0.49, p < 0.0001). A HCO3 of 18mmol/L equated to a BOHB concentration of 4.3mmol/L, whilst a HCO3 of 15mmol/L equated to a BOHB of 4.7mmol/L. Of the 133 of 161 events with HCO3 < 18mmol/L, 22 were not hyperglycemic (> 13.9mmol/L, n = 8), ketonemic (≤ 3mmol/L, n = 9) or either (n = 5).

Conclusions

The commonly employed BOHB diagnostic cutoff of 3mmol/L could not be verified. Since acid-base status was poorly predicted by both glucose and BOHB, this highlights that, regardless of their results, pH and/or HCO3 should also be tested in any patient suspected of DKA.
“Publish or Perish”: barriers to research publication in an undergraduate medical research program
Authors: Alsulami Abdulrahman F , Khaimi Zeyad O , Hadi Mohammed A , Aljabri Yazeed H , Mayet Talha S , Althubaiti Alaa
Published: October 2023

Objectives

Publication is one of the crucial parameters in research, and the inability to publish has been noted in many medical students’ projects due to different reasons. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the obstacles that prevented medical students in a health science university from publishing their research from 2018 to 2021. First, an online survey was distributed to assess the obstacles to publication perceived by the medical students. Second, a total of 81 research projects were evaluated by scientific reviewers and their final decision about the publication was recorded.

Results

In total, 162 students filled out the survey. The barriers faced by the students were various. They included an unsupportive research supervisor, a lack of time, an insufficient sample size, and many others. In the reviewer’s evaluation, out of 81 projects, 70 projects (86.4%) were recommended to be published after minor or major modifications, while 11 projects (13.6%) were rejected due to poor writing style, poor results interpretation, and incorrect methodology.

Conclusion

Articulating the barriers to undergraduate medical research publication is important in boosting publication rates and research experience of graduating medical students. Medical research educators and research supervisors should strongly consider creating a framework that tackles existing obstacles and any future matters.
Hippocampal injections of soluble amyloid-beta oligomers alter electroencephalographic activity during wake and slow-wave sleep in rats
Authors: Hector Audrey , Provost Chloé , Delignat-Lavaud Benoît , Bouamira Khadija , Menaouar Chahinez-Anissa , Mongrain Valérie , Brouillette Jonathan
Published: October 2023

Background

Soluble amyloid-beta oligomers (Aβo) begin to accumulate in the human brain one to two decades before a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The literature supports that soluble Aβo are implicated in synapse and neuronal losses in the brain regions such as the hippocampus. This region importantly contributes to explicit memory, the first type of memory affected in AD. During AD preclinical and prodromal stages, people are also experiencing wake/sleep alterations such as insomnia (e.g., difficulty initiating sleep, decreased sleep duration), excessive daytime sleepiness, and sleep schedule modifications. In addition, changes in electroencephalographic (EEG) activity during wake and sleep have been reported in AD patients and animal models. However, the specific contribution of Aβo to wake/sleep alterations is poorly understood and was investigated in the present study.

Methods

Chronic hippocampal injections of soluble Aβo were conducted in male rats and combined with EEG recording to determine the progressive impact of Aβ pathology specifically on wake/sleep architecture and EEG activity. Bilateral injections were conducted for 6 consecutive days, and EEG acquisition was done before, during, and after Aβo injections. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess neuron numbers in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG).

Results

Aβo injections did not affect the time spent in wakefulness, slow wave sleep (SWS), and paradoxical sleep but altered EEG activity during wake and SWS. More precisely, Aβo increased slow-wave activity (SWA; 0.5–5 Hz) and low-beta activity (16–20 Hz) during wake and decreased theta (5–9 Hz) and alpha (9–12 Hz) activities during SWS. Moreover, the theta activity/SWA ratio during wake and SWS was decreased by Aβo. These effects were significant only after 6 days of Aβo injections and were found with alterations in neuron counts in the DG.

Conclusions

We found multiple modifications of the wake and SWS EEG following Aβo delivery to the hippocampus. These findings expose a specific EEG signature of Aβ pathology and can serve the development of non-invasive and cost-effective markers for the early diagnosis of AD or other amyloid-related diseases.
Glycolysis-cholesterol metabolic axis in immuno-oncology microenvironment: emerging role in immune cells and immunosuppressive signaling
Authors: Jin Jing , Zhao Qijie , Wei Zhigong , Chen Keliang , Su Yonglin , Hu Xiaolin , Peng Xingchen
Published: October 2023

Cell proliferation and function require nutrients, energy, and biosynthesis activity to duplicate repertoires for each daughter. It is therefore not surprising that tumor microenvironment (TME) metabolic reprogramming primarily orchestrates the interaction between tumor and immune cells. Tumor metabolic reprogramming affords bioenergetic, signaling intermediates, and biosynthesis requirements for both malignant and immune cells. Different immune cell subsets are recruited into the TME, and these manifestations have distinct effects on tumor progression and therapeutic outcomes, especially the mutual contribution of glycolysis and cholesterol metabolism. In particularly, glycolysis-cholesterol metabolic axis interconnection plays a critical role in the TME modulation, and their changes in tumor metabolism appear to be a double-edged sword in regulating various immune cell responses and immunotherapy efficacy. Hence, we discussed the signature manifestation of the glycolysis-cholesterol metabolic axis and its pivotal role in tumor immune regulation. We also highlight how hypothetical combinations of immunotherapy and glycolysis/cholesterol-related metabolic interventions unleash the potential of anti-tumor immunotherapies, as well as developing more effective personalized treatment strategies.
Epigenetic mechanism of Gtl2-miRNAs causes the primitive sheep characteristics found in purebred Merino sheep
Authors: Wang Jiankui , Hua Guoying , Chen Jianfei , Cui Kai , Yang Zu , Han Deping , Yang Xue , Dong Xianggui , Ma Yuhao , Cai Ganxian , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Jinnan , Tai Yurong , Da Lai , Li Xinhai , Ma Lina , Ma Qing , Li Rui , Liu Jianbin , Darwish Hesham Y. A. , Wu Keliang , Rong Weiheng , Liu Wansheng , Zhao Yaofeng , Deng Xuemei
Published: October 2023

Background

It is not uncommon for some individuals to retain certain primitive characteristics even after domestication or long-term intensive selection. Wild ancestors or original varieties of animals typically possess strong adaptability to environmental preservation, a trait that is often lacking in highly artificially selected populations. In the case of the Merino population, a world-renowned fine wool sheep breed, a phenotype with primitive coarse wool characteristic has re-emerged. It is currently unclear whether this characteristic is detrimental to the production of fine wool or whether it is linked to the adaptability of sheep. The underlying genetic/epigenetic mechanisms behind this trait are also poorly understood.

Results

This study identified lambs with an ancestral-like coarse (ALC) wool type that emerged during the purebred breeding of Merino fine wool sheep. The presence of this primitive sheep characteristic resulted in better environmental adaptability in lambs, as well as improved fine wool yield in adulthood. Reciprocal cross experiments revealed that the ALC phenotype exhibited maternal genetic characteristics. Transcriptomic SNP analysis indicated that the ALC phenotype was localized to the imprinted Gtl2-miRNAs locus, and a significant correlation was found between the ALC wool type and a newly identified short Interstitial Telomeric Sequences (s-ITSs) at this locus. We further confirmed that a novel 38-nt small RNA transcribed from these s-ITSs, in combination with the previously reported 22-nt small RNAs cluster from the Gtl2-miRNAs locus, synergistically inhibited PI3K/AKT/Metabolic/Oxidative stress and subsequent apoptotic pathways in wool follicle stem cells, resulting in the ALC wool type. The necessity of Gtl2-miRNAs in controlling primary hair follicle morphogenesis, as well as the wool follicle type for ALC wool lambs, was verified using intergenic differentially methylated region-knockout mice.

Conclusion

The ALC wool type of Merino sheep, which does not reduce wool quality but increases yield and adaptability, is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms in the imprinted Gtl2-miRNAs region on sheep chromosome 18, with the maternally expressed imprinted gene responsible for the ALC phenotype. This study highlights the significance of epigenetic regulation during embryonic and juvenile stages and emphasizes the advantages of early adaptation breeding for maternal parents in enhancing the overall performance of their offspring.
Prognosis of critically ill immunocompromised patients with virus-detected acute respiratory failure
Authors: Dumas Guillaume , Bertrand Maxime , Lemiale Virginie , Canet Emmanuel , Barbier François , Kouatchet Achille , Demoule Alexandre , Klouche Kada , Moreau Anne-Sophie , Argaud Laurent , Wallet Florent , Raphalen Jean-Herlé , Mokart Djamel , Bruneel Fabrice , Pène Frédéric , Azoulay Elie
Published: October 2023

Background

Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is the leading cause of ICU admission. Viruses are increasingly recognized as a cause of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, but epidemiologic data are scarce. We used the Groupe de Recherche en Réanimation Respiratoire en Onco-Hématologie’s database (2003–2017, 72 intensive care units) to describe the spectrum of critically ill immunocompromised patients with virus-detected ARF and to report their outcomes. Then, patients with virus-detected ARF were matched based on clinical characteristics and severity (1:3 ratio) with patients with ARF from other origins.

Results

Of the 4038 immunocompromised patients in the whole cohort, 370 (9.2%) had a diagnosis of virus-detected ARF and were included in the study. Influenza was the most common virus (59%), followed by respiratory syncytial virus (14%), with significant seasonal variation. An associated bacterial infection was identified in 79 patients (21%) and an invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in 23 patients (6%). The crude in-hospital mortality rate was 37.8%. Factors associated with mortality were: neutropenia (OR = 1.74, 95% confidence interval, CI [1.05–2.89]), poor performance status (OR = 1.84, CI [1.12–3.03]), and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation on the day of admission (OR = 1.97, CI [1.14–3.40]). The type of virus was not associated with mortality. After matching, patients with virus-detected ARF had lower mortality (OR = 0.77, CI [0.60–0.98]) than patients with ARF from other causes. This result was mostly driven by influenza-like viruses, namely, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, and human metapneumovirus (OR = 0.54, CI [0.33–0.88]).

Conclusions

In immunocompromised patients with virus-detected ARF, mortality is high, whatever the species, mainly influenced by clinical severity and poor general status. However, compared to non-viral ARF, in-hospital mortality was lower, especially for patients with detected viruses other than influenza.
MGS2AMR: a gene-centric mining of metagenomic sequencing data for pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance profile
Authors: Van Camp Pieter-Jan , Prasath V. B. Surya , Haslam David B. , Porollo Aleksey
Published: October 2023

Background

Identification of pathogenic bacteria from clinical specimens and evaluating their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are laborious tasks that involve in vitro cultivation, isolation, and susceptibility testing. Recently, a number of methods have been developed that use machine learning algorithms applied to the whole-genome sequencing data of isolates to approach this problem. However, making AMR assessments from more easily available metagenomic sequencing data remains a big challenge.

Results

We present the Metagenomic Sequencing to Antimicrobial Resistance (MGS2AMR) pipeline, which detects antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) and their possible organism of origin within a sequenced metagenomics sample. This in silico method allows for the evaluation of bacterial AMR directly from clinical specimens, such as stool samples. We have developed two new algorithms to optimize and annotate the genomic assembly paths within the raw Graphical Fragment Assembly (GFA): the GFA Linear Optimal Path through seed segments (GLOPS) algorithm and the Adapted Dijkstra Algorithm for GFA (ADAG). These novel algorithms improve the sensitivity of ARG detection and aid in species annotation. Tests based on 1200 microbiome samples show a high ARG recall rate and correct assignment of the ARG origin. The MGS2AMR output can further be used in many downstream applications, such as evaluating AMR to specific antibiotics in samples from emerging intestinal infections. We demonstrate that the MGS2AMR-derived data is as informative for the entailing prediction models as the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data. The performance of these models is on par with our previously published method (WGS2AMR), which is based on the sequencing data of bacterial isolates.

Conclusions

MGS2AMR can provide researchers with valuable insights into the AMR content of microbiome environments and may potentially improve patient care by providing faster quantification of resistance against specific antibiotics, thereby reducing the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. The presented pipeline also has potential applications in other metagenome analyses focused on the defined sets of genes.
Epilepsy in Asian countries
Authors: Adamu Alhamdu , Chen Rui , Li An , Xue Guofang
Published: October 2023

Epilepsy affects 50 million people worldwide. Nearly 80% of people with epilepsy live in resource-constrained low-income and middle-income countries. In Asia, which has a population of over 4 billion or has 50% of the world's population, about 23 million people have epilepsy. In this review, we discuss the difficulties in managing epilepsy in Asia due to the limited resources. The medical expense, limited access to treatment, premature mortality, health transitions from pediatric care to adult care, and the huge population size make it challenging for epilepsy management. Even though certain countries have access to highly innovative treatments, up to 90% of patients with epilepsy do not receive proper care due to limited resources. The insufficiency of research on epilepsy in most countries makes it difficult to obtain accurate data to analyze the progress of epilepsy management. However, the current influx of research studies, acceptance of the latest international practices, and funding will contribute a long way to closing treatment gaps in communities.
Validation of EuroSCORE II Scoring System on Isolated CABG Patient in Indonesia
Authors: Zahara Rita , Soeharto Daondy Friarsa , Widyantoro Bambang , Sugisman  , Herlambang Bagus
Published: October 2023

Background

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) is one solution to overcome cardiovascular problems. EuroSCORE II is a scoring system to predict mortality risk in patients undergoing cardiac surgery including CABG. Unfortunately, there’s still much debate about the benefits of EuroSCORE II in Asia, including Indonesia. This study aims to validates EuroSCORE II in predicting the outcomes in patients underwent CABG without any other procedure.

Results

A total of 2628 patients were included. The mean age was 59 years, mostly male (84.97%; n = 2233). Most patients underwent elective surgery (93.07%; n = 2446) and only 1.67% (n = 44) of the patients has high EuroSCORE category. Death was found in 4.22% (n-111) patients. EuroSCORE II had fair discriminant power (AUC 0.72), but a lower mortality predicted value for each group.

Conclusion

The parameters in EuroSCORE II are related with mortality in isolated CABG patients, but they cannot be used as mortality predictors in Indonesia.
The replicase protein nsp2 of Chinese highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory virus is involved in protective immunity by promoting viral clearance
Authors: Kong Can , Li Dan , Hu Yanxin , Gao Peng , Zhang Yongning , Zhou Lei , Ge Xinna , Guo Xin , Han Jun , Yang Hanchun
Published: October 2023

The genome segment for replicase protein nsp2 represents the fastest evolving region of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and our previous studies have shown that the PRRSV nsp2 genetic variation contributes to poor cross-neutralization. By using in vitro antibody absorption assay, here we show that the papain-like protease 2 (PLP2) domain of nsp2 is a target of neutralizing antibodies. This was further verified by cross-neutralization assay with a series of inter-lineage chimeric mutants between the Chinese highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) strain JXwn06 and the low virulent NADC30-like strain CHsx1401 (lineage 1). The role of nsp2 in protective immunity was subsequently tested in a one-month SPF piglet model by immunizing the piglets with CHsx1401 or its derivatives carrying JXwn06 structural protein region (SP) alone (CHsx1401-SPJX) or in combination with PLP2 region (CHsx1401-SPplp2JX), or the whole nsp2 region (CHsx1401-SPnsp2JX), followed by challenge with JXwn06 at 42 days post immunization, a time point when the viremia was undetectable. All chimera groups were protected from the challenge by JXwn06, whereas the group CHsx1401 failed to provide beneficial protection. Interestingly, the group CHsx1401-SPnsp2JX, but not CHsx1401-SPplp2JX, showed the lowest lung microscopic lesions and viral tissue load. Significantly, the vaccine virus CHsx1401-SPnsp2JX was undetectable in the examined tissues, and so was for the challenge virus except for one piglet, highlighting an important role of HP-PRRSV nsp2 in promoting viral clearance. The findings provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the protective immunity against PRRSV and have important implications in PRRSV vaccine development.
Maternal-fetal cross-talk via the placenta: influence on offspring development and metabolism
Authors: Kramer Avery C. , Jansson Thomas , Bale Tracy L. , Powell Theresa L.
Published: October 2023

Compelling epidemiological and animal experimental data demonstrate that cardiometabolic and neuropsychiatric diseases originate in a suboptimal intrauterine environment. Here, we review evidence suggesting that altered placental function may, at least in part, mediate the link between the maternal environment and changes in fetal growth and development. Emerging evidence indicates that the placenta controls the development and function of several fetal tissues through nutrient sensing, modulation of trophoblast nutrient transporters and by altering the number and cargo of released extracellular vesicles. In this Review, we discuss the development and functions of the maternal-placental-fetal interface (in humans and mice) and how cross-talk between these compartments may be a mechanism for in utero programming, focusing on mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), adiponectin and O-GlcNac transferase (OGT) signaling. We also discuss how maternal diet and stress influences fetal development and metabolism and how fetal growth restriction can result in susceptibility to developing chronic disease later in life. Finally, we speculate how interventions targeting placental function may offer unprecedented opportunities to prevent cardiometabolic disease in future generations.
Subject playing with flat images: Transmedia spreadability of anime and manga character images
Authors: Watabe Kohki
Published: October 2023

Anime and manga characters are so ubiquitous in Japan that people see them anywhere, regardless of public or private. The two-dimensional flatness of line drawing allows the character images to straddle the boundaries of the worlds of works and media. The analysis of individual artworks needs to be revised to understand the transmedia spreadability of characters and our living conditions. This paper, thus, overviews the preceding discussions of anime and manga scholars on human-character relations and compares them with the theory of subject formation in film studies, whose realist tendency once emphasized the three-dimensional space and time. While psychoanalysis-influenced theories such as suture and male gaze model after one-point perspective and subordinate two-dimensionality, Thomas Lamarre formulates a de-unified perspective in relation to the multilayered image field of Japanese anime. In conjunction with the orientation of cultural and fan studies to emphasize audience agency, this article discusses the de-unified perspective on flat images which has the potential for understanding the complexity of subject formation through the interplay with two-dimensional images.
Assessment of Knowledge and attitude towards Stroke among the UAE population during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ramadan Azza , Kharaba Zelal , Ghemrawi Rose , Elnour Asim Ahmed , Hussain Nadia , Kouhgard Parisa , Al-Damook Nosayba , Abou Hait Shymaa , Al Ghanem Lena , Atassi Rawan , Chkh Sobeh Ranem , Z. Al Meslamani Ahmad
Published: October 2023

Background: Despite significant advancements in healthcare, the burden of stroke continues to rise in the developed world, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Association between COVID-19 infection and stroke is well established. Factors identified for the delay in presentation and management include a lack of awareness regarding stroke. We aimed to assess the general public knowledge and attitudes on stroke and stroke risk factors in the United Arab Emirates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2021 and January 2022 among adults≥ 18 years old. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and stroke knowledge and attitudes. Knowledge and attitude scores were calculated based on the number of correct responses. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine the factors related to knowledge and attitude towards stroke. Results: Of the 500 respondents, 69.4% were females, 53.4% were aged between 18 and 25, and nearly half were students (48.4%). The mean knowledge score was 13.66 (range 2-24). Hypertension (69%), smoking (63.2%), stress (56.4%) obesity/overweight (54.4%), and heart disease (53.6%) were identified as risk factors. Overall, the knowledge of signs/symptoms was suboptimal. The mean attitude score was 4.41 (range, 1-6); 70.2% would call an ambulance if someone were having a stroke. A monthly income of 11,000-50,000 AED and being a student were associated with positive knowledge. Being a non-health worker and lacking access to electronic media sources were associated with worse attitudes. Conclusion: Overall, we identified poor knowledge and suboptimal attitudes toward stroke. These findings reflect the need for effective public health approaches to improve stroke awareness, knowledge, and attitudes for effective prevention in the community. Presently, this is of utmost necessity, given the increased occurrence of stroke and its severity among COVID-19 patients.
Morphological study of the popliteus muscle-tendon complex in formalin embalmed adult cadavers
Authors: Vadgaonkar Rajanigandha , Tonse Mamatha , Blossom Vandana , Kalluraya P. Gopal Govind , Murlimanju B.V.
Published: October 2023

Background: The dimensions of popliteus muscle and its tendon are subjected to variability in the origin, mode of insertion, innervation patterns and vascular supply. The aim of this study was to measure the length, thickness and width of the popliteus muscle and its tendon at its different parts. The objectives were to study the topographic anatomy of the neurovascular structures of the popliteus and also to determine the dimensions of the popliteo-fibular ligament.

Methods: This descriptive cross sectional institutional based study included 50 formalin embalmed adult lower limb specimens. The measurements were performed by using the digital Vernier caliper.

Results: The length of the popliteus muscle belly along the upper and lower border were 44.2±6.63 mm and 89.26±14.41 mm, width of the muscle belly at midpoint, musculotendinous junction and insertion were 28.45±6.85 mm, 11.7±3.5 mm and 75.95±10.7 mm. The thickness of muscle belly at the midpoint was 2.55±0.55 mm. The length of popliteal tendon, width at origin and at musculotendinous junction were 24.85±2.15 mm, 7.55±1.55 mm and 8.5±1.15 mm. The thickness of tendon of popliteus was 2.6±0.75 mm. The length of nerve to popliteus was 50.44±8.66 mm and its origin was located 27.54±6.18 mm from the intercondylar line. The distance of origin of medial and lateral geniculate arteries from the intercondylar line were 26.26±10.47 mm and 20.76±5.19 mm. The distance of division of popliteal artery was 49.44±16.26 mm from the intercondylar line. The length and width of the popliteo-fibular ligament was 17.84±3.43 mm and 7.36±1.9 mm individually.

Conclusions: This study offered detailed morphometric data of the popliteus and it is believed that the data of this anatomical research is enlightening to orthopedic surgeons particularly in the field of arthroscopic and plastic surgery. The data can be considered as the database from our population.
The genome sequence of the Scarce Umber, Agriopis aurantiaria (Hübner, 1799)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Mulhair Peter O. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: October 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Agriopis aurantiaria (the Scarce Umber; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The genome sequence is 485.4 megabases in span. The whole assembly is scaffolded into 30 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.44 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 16,963 protein coding genes.
The genome sequence of a tachinid fly, Cistogaster globosa (Fabricius, 1775)
Authors: Falk Steven , Lennon Rachel ,   University of Oxford Genome and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: October 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Cistogaster globosa (a tachinid fly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Tachinidae). The genome sequence is 837.8 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 7 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X and Y sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.97 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 29,591 protein coding genes.
Effetto umoristico del romanzo Il fu Mattia Pascal di Luigi Pirandello in Roque Six di José López Rubio
Authors: Bronowski Cezary
Published: October 2023

The influences of Luigi Pirandelllo's novel Il fu Mattia Pascal open up to various scenarios offered by his theory of humor (1908), where life imitates art, as it happens in José López Rubio's novel Roque Six (1928), in which Roque scrutinizes his image in the mirror, alter- nating between laughing and crying. These acts of self-reflection, of mixing laughter and weeping, sorrowful and self-mocking pity towards himself, lead him to a typically humorous attitude. Roque Fernández, another Mattia Pascal, travels and experiences the oppression of all forms of identity and tries to shed his social mask, living in the expectation of ultimate death. He evolves in a divided being, actually composed of many humorous characters who live by compromising with different personalities. In this perspective, the main theme of this avant-garde Spanish novel is articulated, taking us back to Pirandello's definition of humor as feeling the opposite, but above all, leading us back to a bitter reflection on the appearance of a reality other than the one we live in. Both authors relate this theme to a specific European historical-literary situation, due to the human condition, or rather the crisis of ideology at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.
On the containment I(3) ⊂ I2 and configurationsof triple points in Böröczky line arrangements
Authors:   Pedagogical University of Krakow, Kabat Jakub
Published: October 2023

We study sets of triple points of Böröczky’s arrangements of lines in the context of the containment problem proposed by Harbourne and Huneke. We show that in the class of those arrangements, the smallest counterexample to the containment I(3) ⊂ I2 is obtained when the number of lines is equal to 12.
Success in treating wounds with local boric acid: a case study
Authors: Coskun Meric
Published: October 2023

Wounds are difficult to treat in patients with diabetes, affecting their quality of life (QoL) and requiring a multidisciplinary approach to their treatment. In addition to systemic treatments such as intravenous antibiotics and debridement, local therapies used in appropriate cases help prevent situations that may result in the need for amputation. Boric acid, an easily accessible agent in local wound care, was considered for use in wounds because of its bactericidal and fungicidal properties, as well as its positive effects on angiogenesis, collagen synthesis and re-epithelialisation. While there are data on the use of boric acid solution in the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds in the literature, its use in wounds is limited. Moreover, although 2–3% boric acid solutions have been used in previous studies, boric acid powder (BAP) was used in this present case study. In this article, BAP was used in the treatment of two patients with diabetic wounds. The application of BAP effectively cleared the necrosis and accelerated wound healing. Boric acid is easily accessible, easy to use and an effective agent that should be considered because of its beneficial effects on wounds patients when used in addition to systemic therapy.
Axenfeld-Reiger syndrome: A search for the missing links
Authors: Morya Arvind Kumar , Ramesh Prasanna Venkatesh , Sinha Sony , Nishant Prateek , Nain Nazia , Ramavath Ravi Naik , Gone Chetana , Prasad Ripunjay
Published: October 2023

Time series analysis is a valuable tool in epidemiology that complements the classical epidemiological models in two different ways: Prediction and forecast. Prediction is related to explaining past and current data based on various internal and external influences that may or may not have a causative role. Forecasting is an exploration of the possible future values based on the predictive ability of the model and hypothesized future values of the external and/or internal influences. The time series analysis approach has the advantage of being easier to use (in the cases of more straightforward and linear models such as Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average). Still, it is limited in forecasting time, unlike the classical models such as Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed. Its applicability in forecasting comes from its better accuracy for short-term prediction. In its basic form, it does not assume much theoretical knowledge of the mechanisms of spreading and mutating pathogens or the reaction of people and regulatory structures (governments, companies, etc. ). Instead, it estimates from the data directly. Its predictive ability allows testing hypotheses for different factors that positively or negatively contribute to the pandemic spread; be it school closures, emerging variants, etc. It can be used in mortality or hospital risk estimation from new cases, seroprevalence studies, assessing properties of emerging variants, and estimating excess mortality and its relationship with a pandemic.
Self-management of osteoarthritis while waiting for total knee arthroplasty during the COVID-19 pandemic among older Malaysians
Authors: Mahdzir Ahmad Nabil Khairi , Mat Sumaiyah , Seow Shi Rui , Abdul Rani Rizal , Che Hasan Muhammad Kamil , Mohamad Yahaya Nor Hamdan
Published: October 2023

Time series analysis is a valuable tool in epidemiology that complements the classical epidemiological models in two different ways: Prediction and forecast. Prediction is related to explaining past and current data based on various internal and external influences that may or may not have a causative role. Forecasting is an exploration of the possible future values based on the predictive ability of the model and hypothesized future values of the external and/or internal influences. The time series analysis approach has the advantage of being easier to use (in the cases of more straightforward and linear models such as Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average). Still, it is limited in forecasting time, unlike the classical models such as Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed. Its applicability in forecasting comes from its better accuracy for short-term prediction. In its basic form, it does not assume much theoretical knowledge of the mechanisms of spreading and mutating pathogens or the reaction of people and regulatory structures (governments, companies, etc. ). Instead, it estimates from the data directly. Its predictive ability allows testing hypotheses for different factors that positively or negatively contribute to the pandemic spread; be it school closures, emerging variants, etc. It can be used in mortality or hospital risk estimation from new cases, seroprevalence studies, assessing properties of emerging variants, and estimating excess mortality and its relationship with a pandemic.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung with hemoptysis as initial symptom: A case report
Authors: Xie Wen-Xing , Liu Rong , Li Zheng , Zhou Pei-Ling , Duan Li-Na , Fu Dan-Dan
Published: October 2023

Time series analysis is a valuable tool in epidemiology that complements the classical epidemiological models in two different ways: Prediction and forecast. Prediction is related to explaining past and current data based on various internal and external influences that may or may not have a causative role. Forecasting is an exploration of the possible future values based on the predictive ability of the model and hypothesized future values of the external and/or internal influences. The time series analysis approach has the advantage of being easier to use (in the cases of more straightforward and linear models such as Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average). Still, it is limited in forecasting time, unlike the classical models such as Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed. Its applicability in forecasting comes from its better accuracy for short-term prediction. In its basic form, it does not assume much theoretical knowledge of the mechanisms of spreading and mutating pathogens or the reaction of people and regulatory structures (governments, companies, etc. ). Instead, it estimates from the data directly. Its predictive ability allows testing hypotheses for different factors that positively or negatively contribute to the pandemic spread; be it school closures, emerging variants, etc. It can be used in mortality or hospital risk estimation from new cases, seroprevalence studies, assessing properties of emerging variants, and estimating excess mortality and its relationship with a pandemic.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation of aplastic anemia by relative with mutations and normal telomere length: A case report
Authors: Yan Jin , Jin Ting , Wang Li
Published: October 2023

Time series analysis is a valuable tool in epidemiology that complements the classical epidemiological models in two different ways: Prediction and forecast. Prediction is related to explaining past and current data based on various internal and external influences that may or may not have a causative role. Forecasting is an exploration of the possible future values based on the predictive ability of the model and hypothesized future values of the external and/or internal influences. The time series analysis approach has the advantage of being easier to use (in the cases of more straightforward and linear models such as Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average). Still, it is limited in forecasting time, unlike the classical models such as Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed. Its applicability in forecasting comes from its better accuracy for short-term prediction. In its basic form, it does not assume much theoretical knowledge of the mechanisms of spreading and mutating pathogens or the reaction of people and regulatory structures (governments, companies, etc. ). Instead, it estimates from the data directly. Its predictive ability allows testing hypotheses for different factors that positively or negatively contribute to the pandemic spread; be it school closures, emerging variants, etc. It can be used in mortality or hospital risk estimation from new cases, seroprevalence studies, assessing properties of emerging variants, and estimating excess mortality and its relationship with a pandemic.
Simultaneous thyroglossal duct cyst with parathyroid cyst: A case report
Authors: Chen Geng-Yu , Li Tong
Published: October 2023

Time series analysis is a valuable tool in epidemiology that complements the classical epidemiological models in two different ways: Prediction and forecast. Prediction is related to explaining past and current data based on various internal and external influences that may or may not have a causative role. Forecasting is an exploration of the possible future values based on the predictive ability of the model and hypothesized future values of the external and/or internal influences. The time series analysis approach has the advantage of being easier to use (in the cases of more straightforward and linear models such as Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average). Still, it is limited in forecasting time, unlike the classical models such as Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed. Its applicability in forecasting comes from its better accuracy for short-term prediction. In its basic form, it does not assume much theoretical knowledge of the mechanisms of spreading and mutating pathogens or the reaction of people and regulatory structures (governments, companies, etc. ). Instead, it estimates from the data directly. Its predictive ability allows testing hypotheses for different factors that positively or negatively contribute to the pandemic spread; be it school closures, emerging variants, etc. It can be used in mortality or hospital risk estimation from new cases, seroprevalence studies, assessing properties of emerging variants, and estimating excess mortality and its relationship with a pandemic.
Submandibular solid-cystic mass as the first and sole manifestation of occult thyroid papillary carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Chen Geng-Yu , Li Tong
Published: October 2023

Time series analysis is a valuable tool in epidemiology that complements the classical epidemiological models in two different ways: Prediction and forecast. Prediction is related to explaining past and current data based on various internal and external influences that may or may not have a causative role. Forecasting is an exploration of the possible future values based on the predictive ability of the model and hypothesized future values of the external and/or internal influences. The time series analysis approach has the advantage of being easier to use (in the cases of more straightforward and linear models such as Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average). Still, it is limited in forecasting time, unlike the classical models such as Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed. Its applicability in forecasting comes from its better accuracy for short-term prediction. In its basic form, it does not assume much theoretical knowledge of the mechanisms of spreading and mutating pathogens or the reaction of people and regulatory structures (governments, companies, etc. ). Instead, it estimates from the data directly. Its predictive ability allows testing hypotheses for different factors that positively or negatively contribute to the pandemic spread; be it school closures, emerging variants, etc. It can be used in mortality or hospital risk estimation from new cases, seroprevalence studies, assessing properties of emerging variants, and estimating excess mortality and its relationship with a pandemic.
The Bigger Picture
Authors: Booker Adriel
Published: October 2023

This essay considers rap music and hip-hop music as an artistic medium for managing and expressing conflict. Booker specifically looks at the work of artist Lil Baby and their work entitled “The Bigger Picture”.
Celebrating Successes and Ignoring Systemic Barriers: How Magazines Falsely Identify the Progress of Women’s Status in American Politics
Authors: Weems-West Payton
Published: October 2023

In this essay, Weems-West critically considers the ways in which the progress of women's statuses in American politics has been falsely represented through magazines.
Identity Politics as a Political Tool
Authors: Carlson Emily
Published: October 2023

Carlson considers their mixed media project that reflects identity politics and the ways in which identity is used as a political tool.
Negative Perceptions of Peer Relationships as Mechanisms in the Association Between Maltreatment Timing and the Development of Psychopathology
Authors: Ross Andrew J. , Handley Elizabeth D. , Toth Sheree L. , Cicchetti Dante
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Despite findings that developmental timing of maltreatment is a critical factor in predicting subsequent outcomes, children's developmental stage is understudied in maltreatment research. Moreover, childhood maltreatment is associated with the development of maladaptive peer relationships and psychopathology, with social cognition identified as a process underlying this risk. The current study uses structural equation modeling to examine the impact of developmental timing of maltreatment (i.e., infancy through preschool versus elementary and middle-school years) on psychopathology via negative perceptions of peer relationships. Multi-informant methods were used to assess 680 socioeconomically disadvantaged children. Results did not support differential effects of early versus later maltreatment on children's internalizing symptomatology or disruptive behavior, but indicated that chronic maltreatment, relative to episodic maltreatment, has more severe consequences for children's internalizing symptomatology. Results further support the mediating role of children's perceptions of relationships in the effect of maltreatment on negative developmental outcomes.
Newman's Illative Aesthetics; or, How to Philosophize with the Grammar
Authors: Tardif Stephen
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: This essay offers an approach to Newman's Grammar of Assent through a twofold reading: of the language it deploys and the aesthetic standard which it raises. By inducing the very affects on which its epistemological claims depend, the Grammar 's language enables its reader to vivify concepts that would otherwise remain notional, cerebral, and inert. But in addition to justifying inferential (or illative) actions, Newman also aims to showcase exemplars of inference. Thus does the Grammar close with a consideration of the early Christian martyrs because these figures push the illative sense to its limit and, in so doing, illustrate this faculty's highest achievements.