bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financial Issues of Third Party Litigation Funding in Anglo‑Saxon Law and in the Russian Federation
Authors: Bortnikov S. P.
Published: April 2024

The paper is devoted to the issues of legal regulation of litigation funding by persons not directly involved in the case. The study is based on the case law of the British Commonwealth and the Russian Federation. The historical aspects of the formation of the institute and the champerty doctrine are considered, in which such financing is disclosed in two aspects: a)  support and encouragement of the process itself, when in its negative connotation control or support of the dispute or the parties leads to a violation of common law; b)  a percentage of the price of the claim without material interest in the dispute.

The paper examines the issues of reimbursement of court costs in Russia, England and Ireland, and, considering the case of the United States, starts a discussion about the possibility and necessity of disclosing information about the sources of litigation funding. The question is raised about the need to extend the financial confidentiality regime to relations on litigation funding without any exceptions. Following the cases of court practice in England and Ireland, the author raises questions about the legal status and interest of the procedural sponsor. It is argued that the rhetoric about the role of the court may be lofty, but the reasoning does not reach such heights if access to justice is blocked due to lack of funds. Litigation funding and the assignment of rights allow low-income parties to achieve a certain degree of justice; it can be recognized that justice is imperfect, but better than none at all.
Relationship between meteorological factors and the pituitary-thyroid axis in healthy men living in the Subarctic
Authors: Molodovskaya Irina N. , Tipisova Elena V. , Elfimova Aleksandra E. , Alikina Viktorija A. , Zyabisheva Valentina N. , Tipisov Ivan N.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: The changing seasons in the subarctic region causes an adaptive restructuring of the inhabitants’ organisms. The most healthy individuals can adjust to the Northern climate without developing health disorders. However, a decrease in adaptive reserves may result in various pathological conditions. Extensive studies across different populations in various climatic zones have reported significant associations between meteorological factors and the fluctuations in thyroid hormones.
AIM: To assess the influence of circannual dynamics of meteorological factors on the serum levels of thyroid hormones and thyroxin-binding globulin (TBG) in men living in subarctic environmental conditions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: An prospective analytical study was conducted in the city of Arkhangelsk (64°32´24.4˝ N). Twenty clinically healthy men comprised the sample. Blood samples were collected every 3 months over a 12-months period. Subjects with any factors affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis were excluded. Circannual variation in the studied characteristics were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests with Bonferroni correction. Associations between hormonal data and climatic data were assessed using Spearman’s correlation coefficients.
RESULTS: The thyroid-stimulating hormone reached its peak, while T4 and TBG were at their lowest during the period of minimal daylight hours in December. This coincided with the highest values of relative humidity and atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, T4 and TBG positively correlated with the duration of daylight and outdoor temperature at the day of samples collection, while showing an inverse correlation with atmospheric pressure and average monthly relative humidity. Т3 and T4 inversely correlated with average monthly atmospheric pressure. T3 was positively associated with the duration of daylight.
CONCLUSION: The key environmental factors affecting the health people living in Northern regions include are the duration of daylight, outdoor temperature, monthly atmospheric pressure, and relative humidity. It is important to note that the impact of these climatic conditions on human health varies across the regions. Thus, our findings cannot be generalized to other areas..
Study Of Particles Flow Over Industrial Wobbler Type Feeder Using Discrete Element Method
Authors: Alekperov Vilaiat , Benlice Esra , Dağtarla Zeynep , Savaş Ekrem
Published: April 2024

Wobbler feeders are generally used to feed coarse material to the primary crusher in the mine and aggregate applications. In the operation, finer particles are also screened through the spaces among rollers and wobbling of the rocks through the roller cause impact and rubbing effect that helps to move undesired particle over batches. Motion of the materials on the feeder depends on design parameters such as roller size, rotation speed, spacing etc. and also gradation of the bulk material that fed into the feeder. The performance investigation of the feeder heavily relies on experimental studies due to complex motion of the material on the feeder as well as particle interaction in the batch. Discrete Element Method is a method that used to compute motion of large number of particles in a granular flow and it is widely accepted as an effective method in the rock mechanics. In this study, DEM is used to investigate the performance of a wobbler feeder. The feeder is designed and simulated for different parameters such as spacing, roller speed, particle shape and gradation in The Rocky DEM software. The particle velocities and trajectories were determined, and particle resident times were calculated to investigate the efficiency of the feeder for different disc configurations.
Mineralogical, Petrographical and Geochemical Properties of the Late Oligocene Coal Seam (Seam-VI): Insights into Elemental Enrichments and Palaeodepositional Environment (İbrice field, Thrace Basin)
Authors: Karayiğit Ali İhsan , Oskay Rıza Görkem , Bircan Cüneyt
Published: April 2024

The Thrace Basin hosts several mineable coal seams (upwards numbered I to VII) within the coal-bearing Late Oligocene-age Danişmen Formation. For the first time, the properties of the Seam-VI in the İbrice (Malkara) area have been investigated in order to evaluate elemental enrichments and palaeoenvironmental conditions. The xylite-rich and mineral-rich lithotypes were identified from the studied coal samples representing the whole-coal thickness. The coal samples, on a dry basis, display variable ash yields (13.2–63.0%), total C (21.2–57.8%), and total S (0.9–4.1%) contents. The minerals identified using XRD-whole rock analysis include clay minerals, quartz, pyrite, calcite, dolomite, and feldspars. Siderite is only identified in a single sample. Aragonite is detected in two samples, which contain fossil shell remains. The SEM observations agree with XRD data, and apatite, barite, biotite, pentlandite, sphalerite, Ti-oxide, and zircon were also identified as accessory phases. Huminite is the predominant maceral group in the studied samples, while liptinite and inertinite group macerals display variable proportions. The mean %Rr values of ulminite macerals are around 0.40-0.41±0.01-0.02%, indicating relatively low-rank coal. This study implies that the precursor peat-mires of the Seam-VI were mainly developed under forested mire conditions, where woody peat-forming plants were abundant, and occasionally the contributions of herbaceous plants were important. The coexistence of syngenetic pyrite and carbonate minerals (e.g., siderite and carbonate mineral bands) could be related to the development of weakly acidic to neutral conditions within palaeomires. Furthermore, the predominance of clay minerals and the presence of detrital accessory minerals (e.g., apatite, pentlandite, and Ti-oxides) can also be indicators of clastic influx into palaeomires. Although aluminosilicate minerals (e.g., clay minerals) are abundant in dominant phases, SEM-EDX data shows that accessory minerals mainly control the elemental enrichments in the Seam-VI. The Mn enrichments in the samples seem to be controlled by Mn-bearing siderite micronodules. Considering the presence of sulphide mineralization and metallic ore deposits in the Strandja and Rhodope massifs, enrichments of Cr, Co, Ni, Ge, and Mo are related to As-bearing pyrite grains and accessory sphalerite and pentlandite grains within clay mineral aggregates in the samples. In addition, the Sr-bearing barite overgrowths around feldspar grains and syngenetic carbonate mineral bands could also cause Sr enrichments. Overall, clastic influx ratios into palaeomires and pH conditions during peat accumulation controlled the elemental enrichments in the Seam-VI.
Investigation of Travel Interference Problems in Taxi-Type AGV Transport Systems and Its Estimation under SLAM Operations
Authors: Matsui Tomoya A. , Omi Yasuaki B. , Hirogaki Toshiki C. , Aoyama Eiichi D.
Published: April 2024

Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are becoming increasingly important in flexible manufacturing systems because they can adapt to changes in facilities and factory layouts. However, AGV transport systems suffer from system shutdowns when the AGVs collide. In this study, our objective was to investigate how the interference time of taxitype AGV transport systems is altered when a passing place is installed at the pick-up and drop-off points (P/Ds) to reduce the interference between AGVs. Consequently, it was inferred that the main cause of interference during taxi-type autonomous driving was when the AGV, a type of autonomous mobile robot, waited at the P/D, and installing the passing place was effective. In recent years, there has also been a growing trend toward autonomous AGVs that use simultaneous localization and mapping for self-position estimation and environmental mapping. In autonomous driving, a high level of self-position estimation is important because it is related to interference between AGVs. However, the accuracy of AGV self-position estimation depends on the environment in which the AGV is used and its traveling speed. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the accuracy of selfposition estimation when the environment was used and the AGV speed was varied. The results demonstrated that the speed and standard deviation were positively correlated. The standard deviation was smaller for the rectangle (b) than the wall (a) on both sides. Therefore, the possibility of interference between AGVs increases when the speed is high or when there are few features, such as walls, because the accuracy of self-position estimation decreases.
Evaluation of nephrotoxicity effects of the methanol leaf extract of A. angustifolia in Wistar rats
Authors: Akpan Joseph L. , Wokota Paschal N. , Ohadoma Sylvester C. , Onwudiwe Tharcitus C. , Okoroama Casimir E. , Iganga Ogbonnaya N. , Nwokike Matthew O. , Akuodor Godwin C.
Published: April 2024

Background: Agave angustifolia is a common traditional remedy in localities for disease treatment. This study focussed on evaluating the nephrotoxicity activity of the methanol extract of A. angustifolia leaf.
Methods: Twenty-five Wistar rats of both sex were randomly shared into five groups. Group 1 received 10 mL/kg distilled water, group 2 gentamicin 80mg/kg, extract groups (3, 4 and 5) were placed on 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of A. angustifolia leaf extract  administered orally through an orogastric tube for 14 days. The rats were sacrificed using chloroform, and their kidneys were harvested, weighed and immediately fixed in 10% buffered formalin for histological analysis and blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for biochemical and haematological analysis.
Results: Results showed there was no marked difference in the levels of the packed cell volume (PCV) in all the concentrations of the extract as well as the controls. The gentamicin group showed a remarkable rise in the serum urea and creatinine level when compared to both the control and extract groups. Similar effects were observed in the 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg of the extract. However, severe kidney injury was observed in the group treated with 400 mg/kg of the extract.
Conclusions: Despite the beneficial potential of A. angustifolia, it also exhibited toxic effects on the kidney thereby causing significant damage to the kidney morphology at higher doses. The damages inflicted in these tissues are dose-dependent. Therefore A. angustifolia should be taken in low doses within shortest period of time.
Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding antimicrobial use and resistance among community members of Mtendere Township in Lusaka, Zambia: findings and implications on antimicrobial stewardship
Authors: Mudenda Steward , Simukoko Namonje , Mohamed Shafiq
Published: April 2024

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a public health problem affecting all countries and leads to an increase in morbidity and mortality rates. In Zambia, there is little information on the knowledge, attitude, and practices of community members about antibiotic use and resistance. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) regarding antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among community members in Mtendere township of Lusaka Zambia.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that was conducted from May 2020 to August 2020 using a structured questionnaire among 369 Mtendere residents. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0.
Results: Of the 369 participants, 50.9% were male and 62.1% were aged between 18 and 29 years. Overall, this study found a poor KAP (38% good knowledge, 58% positive attitudes, and 52% good practices) regarding AMU and AMR. More than half of the participants 66.7% (246/369) had heard of antibiotics, 33.6% heard of AMR, and 23% heard of antimicrobial-resistant infections. Most of the participants 48.2% were not aware that AMR is a public health issue. A total of 52.8% (195/369) of the participants said they did not take antibiotics without consulting a doctor or pharmacist, translating into a prevalence of self-medication of 47.2%.
Conclusions: This study showed that Mtendere residents had poor KAP towards antibiotic use and resistance. There is a need to implement community-based interventional campaigns including antimicrobial stewardship programmes address the gaps in KAP identified in this study.
Analysing adverse drug reaction patterns observed during district residency program: a prospective observational study
Authors: Devi Nandhini , Hogade Anil P.
Published: April 2024

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) pose a substantial cost to global healthcare systems. The heterogeneous patient demographics and healthcare environments of district residency programmes (DRPs) provide special possibilities for detecting trends of ADRs. In order recognize recurring trends and related variables, this study will examine ADR incidents that occur during DRPs.
Methods: A prospective observational research with forty-three patients was carried out. Standardized reporting forms were used to gather data on ADRs, and descriptive statistical techniques were used to analyse the results. We evaluated medication information, patient demographics, and ADR features to seek for patterns and potential causes.
Results: Preliminary analysis revealed a diverse range of ADRs observed during DRPs, spanning various severity levels and therapeutic classes. Common ADRs included gastrointestinal disturbances, allergic reactions, and central nervous system effects. Factors such as patient age, polypharmacy, and comorbidities emerged as potential predictors of ADR occurrence.
Conclusions: The panorama of ADRs seen during DRPs is clarified by this study, underscoring the significance of careful monitoring, and reporting mechanisms in these initiatives. Gaining insight into ADR trends and related variables can help in improving patient safety, simplifying drug management plans, and directing future educational initiatives for medical professionals.
Effect of add on therapy of SGLT 2 inhibitors on glycaemic parameters
Authors: Shanmuganandam Subashini , M. J. Manjula
Published: April 2024

Background: Glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus can be difficult to attain, even with a combination of multiple oral agents as well as Insulin. SGLT2 inhibitors are potential novel agents inhibits the sodium glucose co transporters operated in the kidney tubules independent of the action on insulin resistance or secretion. This study aimed to evaluate the effect on the mean reduction of HbA1c levels. Also, to evaluate the effect of gliflozins on the mean reduction of FBS and PPBS values at the end of 3rd and 6th months and to find out the ADR profile over 6 months.
Methods: Prospective observational study conducted on the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with HbA1c >7% not controlled on metformin in the outpatient over a period of 15 months. An initial visit and thereafter follow up visits at 3rd and 6th month. HbA1c, FBS and PPBS was noted. ADR profile was also noted.
Results: Significant mean reduction in the glycemic parameters among 90% study population with 0.5% reduction in mean HbA1c from the baseline. Also, the reduction in FBS and PPBS were statistically significant by 3rd month of the treatment. Incidence of genital itching was more compared with conventional drugs. Hypotension and polydipsia were rare.
Conclusions: SGLT 2 inhibitors are found to be a promising new category of antidiabetic medications with better control of FBS, PPBS and HbA1c.
Knowledge attitude and practice of materiovigilance among healthcare professionals in tertiary care hospitals
Authors: Selvam Sindhu , Prassath Rahul , Jothi Babu Ishwaryaa , Raja Sneha , Rajarathinam Narmatha
Published: April 2024

Background: Materiovigilance (Mv) refers to the systematic monitoring and evaluation of medical devices in order to assess their performance and safety during all stages of their life. The purpose of Mv is to identify and avoid any potential hazards or issues linked with medical equipment. In brief, Mv plays an important role in ensuring the performance and safety of medical equipment. It consists of the systematic observation, the collection, and analysis of data on occurrences and adverse events related to medical equipment. The study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding Mv among healthcare professionals in tertiary care hospitals.
Methods: Self-prepared and validated questionnaires were distributed among healthcare Professionals in India through online forms from December 2022 to July 2023, a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was used, with convenience sampling utilized. Responses from 220 subjects were analyzed.
Results: The primary objective of this study was to assess the demographic details of the Healthcare Professionals as well as the distribution of knowledge, Attitude, Practice on Mv, in a list of 220 responses, 40% of them know about the Mv. Remaining 60% of them they don’t know about the Mv. Total 220 responses, 76.8% of the Healthcare professionals suggested to thought about the Mv, remaining 23.1% were disagreed. 75 out of 220 healthcare professionals acknowledged to seeing the reporting form and experiencing AE in their patients, while the remaining 145 denied it.
Conclusions: This study determined the knowledge, attitude and practice of Mv among healthcare professionals in tertiary care hospitals. According to the current study, the majority of healthcare professionals were knowledgeable and supportive of Mv, however they are not as effective in practice.
Clozapine induced pneumonitis: a case report
Authors: Sasi Sandeep M. , Nama Piyush , Sontakke Smita , Pande Sanjivani
Published: April 2024

Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic used for the treatment of schizophrenia. Clozapine acts by blocking serotonin receptors in the brain, thereby reducing the symptoms of schizophrenia. Clozapine is usually restricted to the treatment of resistant cases of schizophrenia. Clozapine induced pneumonitis is a very rare adverse reaction and, one such incident in a 16-year-old Indian boy is intricated in this case report.
Positive association of serum IgG4 levels with modified marsh classification system in children with gluten enteropathy: a single centre experience
Authors: Grotra Rohan , Vijay Priti , Gupta Raj Kumar , Malhotra Bharti
Published: April 2024

Background: Celiac disease or gluten enteropathy is an immune-mediated systemic disorder elicited by gluten and related prolamines in genetically susceptible individuals and is characterized by the presence of gluten enteropathy, celiac disease-specific antibodies, HLA-DQ2/DQ8 haplotypes. IgG4-related diseases is an increasingly recognized immune-mediated condition in autoimmune disorders such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, and autoimmune thyroiditis, characterized by tissue fibrosclerosis and infiltration by IgG4-positive plasma cells and increased serum IgG4 concentrations.
Methods: A total of 33 children with newly diagnosed celiac disease and 31 control subjects were included in this study. All suspected celiac disease children underwent duodenal biopsy and were diagnosed based on Marsh grading. Serum IgG4 level estimations were performed using an enzyme-linked immune sorbet assay method with a cut-off of 135 mg/dl for diagnosis.
Results: A significant positive association between serum IgG4 levels and Marsh classification was found, the higher the levels of IgG4 in serum, the higher the grade on Marsh staging. Mean serum IgG4 levels in Marsh 3a was 126.32 mg/dl, in 3b was 171.35 mg/dl and in 3c was 209.24 mg/dl (p value=0.004)
Conclusions: With increasing serum IgG4 levels, increased severity of damage was seen on biopsy specimens based on higher Marsh grade. To the best of found knowledge, this is the first study to establish the relation between IgG4 and mucosal damage in children with celiac disease.
Impact of structured awareness programme on behavioural outcomes regarding ICDS services and its utilization satisfaction among mother with children in selected rural and urban area of Bellary district, Karnataka
Authors: P. Rajeswari
Published: April 2024

Background: Health, nutrition, yet education are the three basic elements of human resource development, and they are all combined in a unique program known as the integrated development of children service Scheme.
Methods: A quasi experimental design where Pre and post-test with equivalent control group design was used to carry out the study. Mothers with children from selected rural and urban area who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected by using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Total 40 samples were included in the study.  
Results: The study findings revealed the utilization scores of mothers on ICDS service majority mother 335 (83.8%) were not satisfied followed by 65 (16.3%) were moderately satisfied, the pretest and post knowledge scores of subjects in experimental group mean percent of mother on utilization of ICDS service was 37.63% with mean score 14.3 was in pretest, where as in posttest 57.23% with mean score 21.75, the overall pretest and post attitude scores of subjects in experimental group mean percent of mother on utilization of ICDS service was 28.75% with mean score 28.75 and standard deviation 4.610 was in pretest, where as in posttest 46.35% was mean percent, with mean score 46.35 and standard deviation 4.487.  
Conclusions: The structured awareness programme on ICDS services and its utilization among mothers proved its beneficial effects in terms of satisfaction, awareness and attitude level.
Comparative analysis of neonatal weight and length pattern in cross-cradle and other breastfeeding positions
Authors: Solanki Vishnu H. , Shah Maitri C. , Parmar Sanjay P. , Memakiya Krishna K.
Published: April 2024

Background: Breastfeeding is an art and a skill which needs to be learnt and mastered. There is no one right position for breastfeeding. Any breastfeeding position that is comfortable for the mother and infant for effective breast milk transfer is an acceptable position. Cross cradle hold works well for Mothers who are breastfeeding for the first time, with latching difficulties, having flat and inverted nipples. Also, it helps in deep latching which helps to improve the level of attachment among new born. Objective of the study was to compare cross-cradle hold and other breastfeeding positions in terms of their effects on weight and length pattern in neonates among primiparous breastfeeding mothers after full-term vaginal delivery.
Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the obstetrics and gynaecology department among 240 primipara mothers who delivered vaginally at the same tertiary care institute.
Results: Total 50.42% mothers preferred cross-cradle hold breastfeeding position. Neonates of mothers who had adopted cross-cradle hold, had better gain in weight and length after one month.
Conclusions: Significantly more gain in weight and length of neonates were observed in those mothers who have adopted cross-cradle breastfeeding position.
Physical examination a boon-racoon eyes in a child with neuroblastoma
Authors: Bhurat Rishab , Siri Machina , Kandasamy Karpagavalli , Jayaraman Dhaarani , Scott Julius Xavier
Published: April 2024

Metastatic neuroblastoma often presents with prolonged fever, cytopenias and significant constitutional symptoms, before the abdominal mass is evident clinically. Clues like subcutaneous nodules and racoon eyes can help a clinician to suspect and evaluate appropriately to arrive at a timely diagnosis. We report a 3-year-old girl who had prolonged fever and constitutional symptoms for more than 2 weeks. On evaluation in outpatient visits, child was found to have cytopenia, hence was referred to our center for further management. Clinical examination revealed raccoon eyes with scalp nodules, hepatomegaly and abdominal mass predominantly over left lumbar area crossing over midline. On further investigations including radiological imaging and bone marrow biopsy child was diagnosed with metastatic neuroblastoma. Metastatic neuroblastoma often presents with prolonged fever, cytopenias and significant constitutional symptoms, before the abdominal mass is evident clinically. Clues like subcutaneous nodules and racoon eyes can help a clinician to suspect and evaluate appropriately to arrive at a timely diagnosis.
A large inflammatory fibroid polyp of jejunum with unusual presentation: very difficult to diagnosis in paediatric patient
Authors: Chopda Ashok Kumar , Chaturvedi Vinita , Tuteja Neeraj , Khare Atul Kumar
Published: April 2024

Inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFP), also known as Vanek tumours, are one of the rarest groups of gastrointestinal tract polyps. They represent 0.1-3.0% of all polyps in this organ system. Most common location is the stomach, mainly the antrum (70%), ileum (19%), and colon (6%). Large polyps of the stomach can cause intermittent obstruction, described as “ball valve syndrome”. This case report, reported in SMS medical college Jaipur in one year six months old child.  We report a case of a 1 year 6 months female child with complaint of abdominal lump noted since 7 days, due to this reduced oral intake. On examination single, around 5×5 cm size non-tender lump is situated in left hypogastric region. On CECT abdomen shows mesenteric origin, may be desmoid tumour, Castleman disease, mesenteric haemangioma or inflammatory myo-fibroblastic tumour. Further MRI abdomen suggestive of inflammatory myo-fibroblastic tumour or NHL. Tumour marker study shows serum ferritin and LDH level raised. On exploration revealed a single, 6×5×4 cm lobulated jejunal mass encircle the jejunum, for this resection and anastomosis done. On histopathological report, suggestive of inflammatory fibroid polyp. Patient discharged successfully on 6th pod without any complication. Exploration done and a mass, which encircle the jejunum found. Resection and anastomosis done and patient discharged on 6th pod without any complications. Such an occurrence was incidental in the reported case, which can confuse our diagnosis, so knowledge about this type of disease is very important, especially in paediatrics population.
Brucella anthropi infection in a 5-week-old infant
Authors: Gupta Prafful , Rai Ruchi , Singh D. K.
Published: April 2024

Congenital brucellosis in infants is well described but occurs rarely and very few cases have been reported till now. Acquired brucellosis in young infants has rarely been reported. A 5-week-old infant weighing 3340 gm, presented to the emergency with complaints of fever, abdominal distension, lethargy, and decreased feeding for five days. A clinical diagnosis of septicemia was made. Laboratory parameters were suggestive of septicemia. There was a history of ingestion of unpasteurized buffalo’s milk. Empirical antibiotics started after withdrawing the blood culture. Blood culture came positive for Brucella anthropi. Ultrasonography of the abdomen showed a small abscess in the left iliac fossa measuring 44×38 mm. The antibiotics were changed to piperacillin-tazobactam and amikacin as per the blood culture and sensitivity report. Supportive care was given, and the baby gradually improved. The child was discharged on oral rifampicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 4 weeks and is being followed up and is doing well. Young infants may acquire Brucella infection from breastmilk or ingesting unpasteurized animal milk. Prompt diagnosis and treatment is the key to management. Exclusive breastfeeding is the best way to prevent not only animal milk-acquired Brucella but most other types of infection.
Cornelia de Lange syndrome type 4 with a novel heterozygous missense variant in RAD 21 gene
Authors: M. R. Savitha , M. B. Shervani
Published: April 2024

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a congenital multisystemic disorder characterized by genetic heterogeneity. It presents with features such as growth and cognitive retardation, upper limb deformities, cardiac, ophthalmologic, and genitourinary anomalies, alongside distinctive facial characteristics. The CdLS phenotype represents a spectrum that includes both classic and non-classic phenotypes resulting from pathogenic variants in genes associated with cohesin functioning, including NIBPL, SMC1A, SMC3, RAD21, BRD4, HDAC8, and ANKRD11. Mutations in these genes manifest diverse clinical features, with RAD21 variants accounting for a small percentage of cohesinopathies in humans. RAD21-related cohesinopathy typically exhibits growth retardation, minor skeletal anomalies, and facial features overlapping with CdLS. However, cognitive involvement tends to be milder. Despite this, due to the limited number of reported cases with RAD21 mutations, establishing genotype-phenotype correlations remain challenging. We present the case of an 18-month-old boy exhibiting developmental delay and distinct morphological features including micro-brachycephaly, depressed nasal bridge, upturned nose, long philtrum, low-set ears, mesomelic limb dwarfism, and a complete endocardial cushion defect. Exome sequencing revealed a novel RAD21 variant in this individual.
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of hard palate: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Guruprasad Atreya , Visagan Rachana Insol , M. S. Latha , P. Anantanarayanan , Bottu Kavitha
Published: April 2024

Rhabdomyosarcomas are the most common malignant soft tissue tumors in children and adolescents. Around 40% of cases are diagnosed in head and neck region with orbit and face being the commonly involved areas. Oral lesions account for less than 10%. We report a case of embryonal RMS in a 4-year-old boy who presented with a polypoid mass in the hard palate. Though majority of the oral lesions encountered in children are benign, a small but significant percentage may be representative of an aggressive malignant tumor. Differentiating benign and malignant oral lesions is mandatory for optimal diagnostic strategies.
Case report on failed Kasai-portoenterostomy for extrahepatic biliary atresia with neonatal cholestasis in one-month-old infant
Authors: Radhakrishnan Sriram , Velmani Vaishnavi , Mavis M. Sneha , S. N. John Felix , G. Mohamed Sulaiman
Published: April 2024

Biliary atresia is a neonatal onset, obstructive cholangiopathy of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic biliary system, leading to the build-up of bile in the liver. This case discusses a one-month-old infant who was previously diagnosed with jaundice, presenting the symptoms of yellowish eyes and skin, pale stools, and palpable liver. The infant and her mother’s liver enzyme levels were found to be higher and her histopathology studies evidenced atretic gall bladder. The liver biopsy revealed mild periportal ductular reaction and diffuse hepatocanalicular cholestasis. She was diagnosed with neonatal cholestasis- extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) and underwent Kasai-portoenterostomy. She was stable and discharged with gallstone dissolution agents, antibiotics, vitamin supplements, and a barbiturates-liver enzyme inducer. After six months, she presented hepatosplenomegaly with ascites and was found to have transaminitis. She was then diagnosed with EHBA- failed Kasai, probable cholangitis, and planned for living donor liver transplantation. Antibiotics, antiviral, antifungal, anticoagulants, and immunosuppressants were prescribed on discharge. The Doppler study of allograft was performed to check the blood flow after transplantation. Acute graft rejection was monitored on day 5 with liver transplant pack reports. One year later, the infant's condition had shown improvement, evidenced by enhanced food intake, absence of symptoms, and the return of liver function tests to normal levels.
Impact of prominence type on the coarticulation of vowels following palatalized consonants
Authors: Batalin S. V.
Published: April 2024

The quantitative impact of prominence (neutral vs emphatic stress) on the coarticulation of the Russian low [æ], mid [e] and high [i] front vowels is evaluated in CV sequences with palatalized consonants of various places of obstruction. The research is conditioned by the aims of speech synthesis and recognition of the Russian language, the current data in the field being insufficient. First order linear equations (locus equations) are used to evaluate the degree of CV coarticulation. The experiment is performed on CjVCjV nonsense words imbedded in the middle position of a carrier phrase «Vyros CVCV sjyljnym» («CjVCjV has grown up strong»). The first syllable of the target words was uttered both with neutral and emphatic stress. The Praat software was used to measure F2 formant values at vowel onsets and central parts. It was established that linear regression slopes are similar both in the Y-intercepts and slope coefficients for the palatalized consonants of various places of obstruction uttered with the same prominence. The degree of coarticulation was different depending upon the type of prominence (neutral or emphatic): the coefficients were lower in case of the emphatic stress compared to those of the neutral one. ANOVA analysis and Student’s t-test were performed to reveal the difference in F2 values of vowel onsets and middle parts as a function of the vowel openness and type of prominence. The results obtained were interpreted based on the degree of the openness of the vowels under study: an open vowel under emphatic stress tends to expand its vowel space by a backward displacement while close vowels tend to move forward in the mouth cavity when pronounced with emphatic stress.
Composition of the Russian armonymic field and its dynamics
Authors: Romanova T. P.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the history of the formation of Russian proper names of aviation and armored military equipment. Our research has shown that the main function of Russian armonyms – the proper names of Russian weapons – is the representative identification of types and brands of weapons produced at state-owned enterprises or unique mechanisms. Armonyms as verbal identifiers of complex military-technical mechanisms function in professional or publicistic discourse. The structure of the armonymic field includes verbal index signs marking types and series of weapons that correspond to the term pragmatonyms (T-90M «Breakthrough»), and proper names of unique weapons objects - chrematonyms (Tu–160 «Ilya Muromets»). The nominations of individual combat units can form armonymic complexes, for example, one of the Tu-160 strategic bombers of the White Swan series has an individual name «Nikolai Kuznetsov». In the process of the official naming of Russian high-tech combat units, the conventionally symbolic and commemorative principles of nomination traditionally occupy a central place. The composition of the armonym is dominated by the conditionally symbolic type of names, as a rule, not motivated by the properties of the named object (UAV «Geranium»), although some names retain an associative connection with the objects of the nomination (UAV «Lancet» – a high-precision kamikaze drone); the memorative type of names is characteristic of individual names of military vehicles (Tu-160 «Igor Sikorsky»). Official nominations occupy the main place in the Russian field of armonymy; however, some of the names may have an unofficial status, for example, the nicknames of the T-80BV tank Alyosha – «Ded Moroz», or «Ded». Armonyms are not a tool for the advertising promotion of weapons, they do not have an attractive and pragmatic function, however, the choice of words is far from accidental – in general, it reflects the symbolic value orientations of the nominating team.
Foreigners and representatives of the old aristocracy in the Russian ruling elite during the reign of Anna Ioannovna: the problem of the dynamics of the quantitative ratio
Authors: Stolyarov O. D. , Zavodyuk S. Yu.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the internal structure of the Russian ruling elite during the reign of Anna Ioannovna. Criteria are proposed according to which certain statesmen of a given era should be classified in this group. Two key parts of it are identified – foreigners and representatives of the old nobility. It is shown that in the 1730-ies, the increase in the number of the former occurred mainly at the expense of the latter. Based on quantitative data, the dynamics of this process were determined. In addition, a numerical relationship was revealed between foreigners and people from the old aristocracy within a number of groups adjacent to the ruling elite – the military generals, holders of the orders of St. Andrew the Apostle the First-Called and Alexander Nevsky, as well as the chamberlain corps. It is shown that the number of foreigners increased to the greatest extent among, firstly, representatives of the upper layer of the ruling elite, and secondly, holders of the highest orders, moreover, in the latter group the number of foreigners increased while maintaining the positions of the old nobility. At the same time, within the ruling elite as a whole, as well as the generals, the process of growing influence of foreigners was more moderate. Thus, two sides of the development of the trend under study have been identified, one of which was an increase in the number of foreigners in the highest echelons of the state apparatus, the army, and also at court, while the other was the growth of the influence of foreigners within the narrow upper layer of the political elite and associated with this prestige enjoyed by foreigners, who received corresponding awards as a result.
Pioneer organization in Samara: from incident to sign
Authors: Titova O. A.
Published: April 2024

The article, based on previously unpublished archival sources, examines the process of organizing the first pioneer detachments in Samara, as well as their activities in 1922–1923 using the comparative historical method and microhistorical approach, methods of social constructivism, political-legal and systemic approaches. The study is based on the study of individual incidents. Firstly, the authors prove that in the early 1920-ies there were many «disorganized» children on the streets of Samara, who made up the bulk of the first pioneer detachments of the city. The pioneer movement was formed by order of the Central Committee of the RKSM, had an ideological content and was introduced «from above». In Samara, children from the streets were attracted by playing on sports grounds, singing songs, and then by the external attributes of the children’s pioneer – a flag, a red banner, badges, and drumming. Secondly, behind the apparent simplicity of the children’s attitude towards the pioneers, a significant result was hidden: along with the red tie, over time, the names of leaders and politicians, revolutionary attributes, conversations about communism, a clear organization of collective detachment activities, wall newspapers, and socialist competitions became a habit, becoming part of life. The pioneer provided children with a space of expression and independent existence – within certain boundaries, strictly prescribed in the Charter and the oath that the children took when tying a red tie. The value system of the «new man», designed by the government, has acquired a dualistic character. It combined the values of sociocentric and anthropocentric nature. Also, thirdly, due to the lack of methodological support from the party, the guidance for the instructors-counselors was provided by random books and pamphlets about Boy scouts released in pre-revolutionary times. Many of these books were taken to the pioneer organization, both on methodological and practical issues. The conclusion is drawn about the importance of these three aspects in the formation of a pioneer organization in Samara.
Conceptual frameworks of integration processes in education
Authors: Protsenko E. G.
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the topic is connected with the urgent need in modern socio-political realities to use integrative technological tools in solving educational problems. According to the message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly on February 21, 2023, “a synthesis of all the best that was in the Soviet education system and the experience of recent decades is necessary”. Higher education teachers have been given serious goals to develop effective practices for integrating new regions of the Russian Federation into the cultural and educational space of Russia. Integration is the process and result of the formation of integrity, which plays a priority role in relation to its parts. The emergence of integration is closely related to the need to satisfy the fundamental human need to inherit the experience of previous generations, and subsequently transfer it, which is the mechanism of pedagogical activity: the integration of the experience of generations and the integration of pedagogical and production activities. In the article, the author examines the definition of the main research term; relies on the classification of sources for studying integration processes in pedagogy proposed by Professor N.K. Chapaev; the analysis of modern integrative pedagogical concepts is carried out. In these rapidly developing times, we need specialists who are open to interaction and ready to integrate professionals from seemingly completely different areas into their specific activities: integration becomes the basis for the development of the educational sphere.
Blended learning with digital didactics in higher education
Authors: Shirokolobova A. G.
Published: April 2024

The article presents blended learning organization at the university during digital transformation of education, which poses new educational challenges. The purpose of the study is to describe implementation of blended learning «Flipped classroom» with digital didactics principles at the university. The research gives the analysis of foreign and Russian researchers on the issues of blended learning. The relevance of the research is in using of blended learning technology in higher education with digital didactics, which is due to the weak organizational and didactics support of the educational process. The article presents the author’s definition of «Blended learning» concept. The scientific novelty of the research is due to the author’s definition of «Blended learning» technology and in the implementation of blended learning into the educational process with digital didactics for a teacher and for administration of an educational organization. The principles of digital didactics are analysed from the point of view of their expediency. The choice of blended learning technology «Flipped classroom» for the educational process at the university is justified. The algorithm of integration of blended learning with digital didactics at the university for a teacher and for the university administration is described.
Student`s innovative professional competence in the context of the implementation of an individual educational trajectory
Authors: Kalmykova D. A.
Published: April 2024

The problem of student`s innovative professional formation in the context of the implementation of an individual educational trajectory in a higher educational organization is considered in the paper. The relevance of the study is determined by the transformation of the conditions of functioning of higher education in the knowledge society; an increase in need of employers for graduates with a set of necessary beliefs, knowledge, skills and abilities for the development and implementation of innovations, taking into account existing features and changing trends of the professional environment. The main research methods are the analysis and synthesis of scientific data, research results in the fields of transformation of higher educational institutions and individualization of the learning process; generalization and systematization of scientific facts and statements. As a result of the research, the authors have revealed the concept of student`s innovative professional competence and proposed the structure in the context of the implementation of an individual educational trajectory, integrating value-motivational, instrumental-technological, research, creative-reflective, interactive-communication and academic-entrepreneurial components. The indicators highlighted by the authors in the competence structure will allow assessing the formation of each of the components for their further development.
Опыт подготовки лиц, желающих принять на воспитание в свою семью ребенка, оставшегося без попечения родителей в г. Москве
Authors: Рудычева Кристина Николаевна
Published: April 2024

В статье рассмотрены особенности подготовки лиц, желающих принять ребенка, оставшегося без попечения родителей, на воспитание в семью. Автор раскрывает этапы становления практики подготовки кандидатов в приемные родители. Подробно рассматривается процедура жизнеустройства ребенка, оставшегося без попечения родителей в г. Москве. Автор уделяет особое внимание подготовке лиц, желающих взять на воспитание ребенка и необходимости их социально-психологического обследования (с 2023 года) как направлениям, способствующим смягчению рисков при помещении ребенка, оставшегося без попечения родителей, на воспитание в семью.