bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KROUNOVKA 1 – THE SITE OF THE FIRST FARMERS IN PRIMORYE: WHAT DID ANCIENT STARCH TELL US ABOUT
Authors: Пантюхина И.Е. , Вострецов Ю.Е.
Published: July 2023

Самые ранние свидетельства пребывания первых земледельцев на территории Приморья обнаружены на поселении Кроуновка 1 и датированы интервалом 5300–4600 л. н. Анализ каменных артефактов на содержание крахмала и флотация установили, что обитатели памятника использовали культурные злаки и дикорастущие растения. Чтобы дополнить список источников, мы исследовали керамическую посуду первых земледельцев методом анализа крахмала. Результаты подтвердили предыдущие данные и дополнили списочный состав растений папоротниками. Первые земледельцы практиковали культивацию как минимум трех видов растений (просо итальянское, просо обыкновенное, перилла) в сочетании с собирательством широкого спектра дикорастущих видов (луковицы лилии, растения с подземными запасающими органами, желуди, орехи, виноград). Применение комплексного анализа данных (эко логии, агротехники и этноботаники) позволило представить частичную реконструкцию сезонных операций, связанных с собирательством и земледелием.

The earliest evidence of the first farmers’ presence in Primorye was found at the Krounovka 1 site and was dated to 5300–4600 years ago. The analysis of stone artifacts to check content of starch and flotation found that the occupants of this site consumed domesticated gramineous plants and wild plants. To enlarge the list of sources, we examined ceramic vessels of the first farmers using an ancient starch analysis. The esults confirmed the earlier data and the list of plants was enlarged to include ferns. The first farmers practiced cultivation of at least three plant species (foxtail millet, broomcorn millet, and perilla) and also gathered a wide range of wild species (bulbs of lilies, plants with underground storage organs, acorns, nuts and grapes). By applying a comprehensive analysis of data on ecology, agricultural methods and ethnobotany, the authors offer a par tial reconstruction of seasonal operations related to gathering and agriculture.
BONE AS A TEMPER IN POTTERY PASTE OF CERAMICS FROM THE SITES OF THE VOLGA REGION AND THE SOUTHERN URALS: ON THE INTERPRETATION PROBLEM
Authors: Салугина Н.П.
Published: July 2023

Технологический анализ керамики, относящейся к разным хронологическим периодам и происходящей из разных районов Волго-Уралья и сопредельных территорий показал, что в составе ее формовочных масс встречается примесь кальцинированной кости. Данная добавка, как правило, вводилась в  формовочные массы наряду с  привычными для изучаемых групп населения примесями: шамотом, раковиной, органикой, образуя, таким образом, смешанные рецепты. Исходя из выявленных А. А. Бобринским закономерностей развития гончарства, возникновение смешанных составов формовочных масс объясняется процессами смешения разных групп населения, обладавших разными навыками их составления. Примесь же кальцинированной кости возникает как бы неожиданно, она сразу фиксируется в смешанных рецептах. Поэтому назрела необходимость объяснения механизма формирования данной традиции. Автором выдвигаются и анализируются возможные гипотезы ее возникновения, отмечается, что пока ни одна гипотеза достоверно не доказана, и намечаются направления исследований для решения поставленной проблемы.

Technological analysis of ceramics belonging to different chronological periods and coming from dfferent regions of the Volga-Ural region and adjacent territories has shown that its pottery pastes include calcined bone temper. As a rule, this temper was added to the pottery pastes along with other tempers, usual for the population groups under study: grog, shell, organics, thus forming mixed recipes. Based on the patterns of pottery development, identified by A.A. Bobrinsky, the emerging mixed compositions of pottery pastes are accounted for the processes of mixing of different groups of the population who had dfferent skills in preparing them. The calcined bone temper appears sort of unexpectedly, it is immediately identified in mixed recipes. Therefore, there is a need to explain the mechanism for the genesis of this tradition. The author suggests and analyzes possible hypotheses of its origin, notes that not a single hypothesis has been reliably proven so far and proposes lines of research to solve the problem.
VESSEL SHAPES OF THE SALTOVO-MAYAKI CULTURE FROM THE MIDDLE DON RIVER (PROBLEMS OF CHRONOLOGY)
Authors: Суханов Е.В.
Published: July 2023

Вопросы внутренней хронологии салтово-маяцкой культуры  – одна из наиболее актуальных тем для специалистов по хазарской археологии. Надежные хронологические индикаторы разных этапов известны  – это элементы поясных наборов, однако они не относятся к  числу массового материала в могильниках салтово-маяцкой культуры. Цель этой статьи заключается в  обосновании возможности использовать формы глиняных сосудов для хронологизации погребальных комплексов салтово-маяцкой культуры. Исследование проводится с позиций историко-культурного подхода к изучению древней керамики и основано на анализе несмешанных и смешанных традиций создания форм сосудов на памятниках разных хронологических этапов. В статье показано, что на памятниках раннесалтовского этапа смешанные традиции создания форм сосудов представлены единично. В памятниках более позднего этапа такие традиции создания форм сосудов представлены в трети – половине комплексов. Данный вывод подтвердился и  на материалах Дмитриевского могильника, где оба хронологических этапа представлены довольно равномерно. Оказалось, что почти все хронологические индикаторы из могил, где зафиксированы только несмешанные традиции создания форм, относятся к раннесалтовскому времени.

Problems of the internal chronology of the Saltovo-Mayaki culture are one of the most relevant topics for specialists in Khazar archaeology. Reliable 206 chronological indicators of dfferent periods are well known – these are elements of belt sets, but they are not among the wide-spread material in the burial grounds of the Saltovo-Mayaki culture. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the possibility of using the shapes of clay vessels to chronologize the burial complexes of the Saltovo-Mayaki culture. The research is conducted from the standpoint of a historical and cultural approach to the study of ancient ceramics and is based on the analysis of unmixed and mixed traditions of forming vessels from the sites of dfferent chronological periods. e article shows that mixed traditions of forming vessels are represented sporadically in the sites of the early Saltovo period. In the sites of a later period, such traditions of forming vessels are represented in a third to half of the complexes.This conclusion was conrmed by the materials of the Dmitrievka burial ground, where both chronological periods were represented fairly evenly. It turned out that almost all chronological indicators from the graves, where only unmixed traditions of forming vessels were detected, belong to the early Saltovo period.
TO WHAT EXTENT DOES THE COOKING OF WARM FOOD IN CLAY VESSELS INTERFERE WITH THE STUDY OF THEIR INITIAL FIRING PROCESSING?
Authors: Волкова Е.В.
Published: July 2023

Данная статья посвящена изучению того, как и насколько следы первоначального обжига сосудов искажаются или уничтожаются в результате длительного приготовления в них горячей пищи на открытом огне костра. С этой целью в течение нескольких лет была проведена серия специальных экспериментов, предполагающих приготовление в  течение длительного времени разных видов мясной, рыбной или растительной пищи в сосудах с различным составом формовочных масс, обжигавшихся в разных специализированных устройствах (в  углубленном земляном и  наземном очагах и в гончарном горне). В ходе последующего лабораторного анализа сосуды, в которых готовилась пища, сравнивались как между собой, так и с сосудами, обожженными в тех же условиях, но не использовавшихся для варки пищи. В результате оказалось возможным сделать вывод о том, что длительное приготовление в  глиняных сосудах горячей пищи на открытом огне, во-первых, приводит к образованию на поверхности и в изломах сосудов особых легко различимых следов, во-вторых, не ведет к устранению следов первоначального обжига сосудов. Поэтому такие сосуды вполне пригодны для изучения по ним режимов и условий их целенаправленного обжига.

This article is devoted to the analysis of how and to what extent the traces of the initial firing of vessels are distorted or destroyed as a result of their use for prolonged cooking of warm food over an open fire. For this purpose, a series of special experiments have been carried out for several years, involving the preparation of dfferent types of meat, sh or vegetable food for a long time in vessels with dfferent composition of pottery pastes, fired in various 202 specialized devices (ovens made in a depression and at the ground level and in a potter’s kiln). During further laboratory analysis the vessels in which food was prepared were compared both with each other and with vessels fired under the same conditions, but not used for cooking food. As a result, it has been possible to conclude that, firstly, prolonged cooking of warm food in clay vessels over an open fire leads to the appearance of special easily distinguishable traces on the surface and in the fractures of the vessels, and secondly, does not lead to the elimination of traces of the initial firing of the vessels. Therefore, such vessels are quite suitable for studying the methods and conditions of their deliberate firing.
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАЗМЕРА ЗЕРЕН, ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ НА СКАЛЯРНУЮ ПЛОТНОСТЬ ДИСЛОКАЦИЙ И КРИВИЗНУ-КРУЧЕНИЕ КРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКОЙ РЕШЕТКИ В МЕДНО-МАРГАНЦЕВЫХ СПЛАВАХ ПРИ ПЛАСТИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕФОРМАЦИИ
Authors: Тришкина Л.И. , Клопотов А.А. , Черкасова Т.В. , Бородин В.И. , Потекаев А.И. , Старостенков М.Д.
Published: July 2023

Получены зависимости напряжения течения от деформации при разных температурах однородных твердых растворов на основе сплавов Cu–Mn с ГЦК кристаллической решеткой в зависимости от состава. Установлено, что различие между кривыми напряжения течения при разных температурах, растет с увеличением содержания Mn в сплаве. Представлены результаты исследования эволюции дислокационной структуры в сплавах Cu–Mn с содержанием марганца 1, 2, 4 и 6 ат. % в интервале размеров зерен 20…240 мкм при температурах деформации от 293 до 673 К методами дифракционной электронной микроскопии. Установлены зависимости скалярной плотности дислокаций от размера зерен и температуры испытания в сплавах Cu–Mn. Установлено, что с увеличением степени деформации происходит значительный рост средней скалярной плотности дислокаций. При фиксированной степени деформации во всех исследованных сплавах увеличение температуры деформации приводит к уменьшению плотности дислокации. В интервале размеров зерен от 10 до 100 мкм при всех температурах испытания наблюдается интенсивное уменьшение средней скалярной плотности дислокаций. Для размеров зерен свыше 100 мкм данная величина плотности дислокаций не изменяется. По микроснимкам, полученных в электронном микроскопе по ширине изгибных экстинкционных деформационных контуров измерялись численные значения кривизны-кручения кристаллической решетки. Установлено, что величина кривизны-кручения кристаллической решетке возрастает с деформацией нелинейным образом во всех исследованных сплавах. Величина кривизны-кручения кристаллической решетке при фиксированной степени деформации сплавах с размером зерна ~ 10 мкм больше, чем в сплавах с более высокими размерами зерен ~200 мкм.
L’homicide volontaire dans les Outre-mer français : une analyse descriptive contrastée
Authors: Langlade Aurélien , Larchet Keltoume
Published: July 2023

La situation sécuritaire des territoires d’Outre-mer est souvent méconnue à cause du peu de données disponibles, et détaillées sur la criminalité commise dans ces territoires et au manque d’analyses explicatives. À travers l’étude des homicides et d’analyses statistiques descriptives et bivariées, nous avons pu objectiver des différences entre le volume et les circonstances des homicides commis dans les territoires ultra-marins et la France métropolitaine, mais également entre les territoires d’Outre-mer entre eux. Les homicides commis dans les territoires situés dans la mer des Caraïbes et en Guyane présentent notamment des différences significatives avec ceux commis dans les autres territoires d’Outre-mer et en métropole. Enfin, cet article fournit également des éléments d’explication, issus des sphères sociale, démographique, criminogène ou encore géographique, pour mieux contextualiser ces différences et/ou similitudes.
On Rational Design of Stereodivergent Organocatalysis Controlled by Selective Hydration
Authors: Gu Liuqun
Published: July 2023

Stereodivergent asymmetric synthesis via slightly tuning the catalytic conditions is very attractive for early-stage drug discovery, because it is a very time efficient and economical method for obtaining all potential biologically active diastereomers/enantiomers. However, the exploration is largely serendipity and no general strategy is available. A predictive hydrogen bonding rearrangement via selective hydration by water is proposed as a potential general strategy for rational design of stereodivergent organocatalysis. With the new concept and the proposed hydrated enamine/imine model, the origin of the divergent mechanism for the two recent successful water-modulated transformations could be very well elucidated.
The multivalency game ruling the biology of immunity
Authors: Aiassa Lara Victoria , Battaglia Giuseppe , Rizzello Loris
Published: July 2023

Macrophages are important cells in our immune system that help maintain our tissues' health and protect us from harmful pathogens. This article explores the complexity of macrophage function, including their developmental origin and dependence on different tissues, both in normal and disease conditions. Understanding the differences between macrophages in various tissues and their unique activation states is crucial for developing effective targeted therapies, especially in diseases like tuberculosis. One approach is to use nanoparticles with ligands that can specifically target certain macrophage populations based on their receptor profiles. However, designing these nanoparticles requires overcoming challenges such as the polymer coating on the nanoparticle and the cell glycocalyx, which can impede their association.
Automatic Feature Engineering for Catalyst Design Using Small Data without Prior Knowledge of the Target Catalysis
Authors: Taniike Toshiaki , Fujiwara Aya , Nakanowatari Sunao , Escobar Fernando , Takahashi Keisuke
Published: July 2023

The empirical aspect of descriptor design with limited data in catalyst informatics entails a logical contradiction as it relies on sufficient prior knowledge for exploring the unknown. In this study, we developed a technique for automatic feature engineering (AFE) that works on small catalyst data without requiring any prior knowledge of the target catalysis. This technique generates a large number of features through mathematical operations on general physicochemical fea-tures of catalytic components, and extracts the relevant features for the desired catalysis, essentially screening a large number of hypotheses on a machine. AFE yielded reasonable regression results for three types of heterogeneous cataly-sis: oxidative coupling of methane (OCM), conversion of ethanol to butadiene, and three-way catalysis, where only the training set was swapped. Moreover, through the application of active learning that combines AFE and high-throughput experimentation for OCM, we successfully visualized the machine’s process of acquiring precise recognition of catalyst design. AFE is a versatile technique for data-driven catalysis research and a key step towards fully automated catalyst discoveries.
El control parlamentario a los presidentes en minoría: un balance
Authors: Campos Milagros
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo realiza un balance del control parlamentario en el Perú en los últimos años, en mérito del régimen de presidencialismo parlamentarizado y bajo el contexto de constantes enfrentamientos entre el Ejecutivo y Legislativo. Asimismo, la autora explora los mecanismos de control contemplados en la Constitución peruana; la cuestión de confianza obligatoria, los pedidos de información, la invitación a informar, la interpelación, la censura ministerial y las comisiones investigadoras. También, aborda algunos de estos mecanismos de control dando cuenta de su uso en gobiernos sin mayoría y congresos fragmentados.
Designing for empowering curriculum implementation
Authors: Hipkins Rosemary , Cowie Bronwen , Tolbert Sara , Waiti Pauline
Published: July 2023

International advocacy for future-focused curriculum design often centres on the idea of “competencies” or “capabilities” as potentially transformative constructs for high-level curriculum frameworks. This trend is exemplified by the addition of “key competencies” to the 2007 New Zealand Curriculum. Despite good intentions, this structural change appears to have made minimal difference to the learning that many students experience, or to the assessment practices used to evaluate that learning. With a Curriculum Refresh currently underway, now is an opportune moment to revisit the use of competencies as a lever for curriculum change and ask how the type of transformative change they are intended to stimulate might be conveyed and implemented in more empowering ways.

This paper introduces the idea of “enduring competencies” as an umbrella construct for more effective curriculum design conversations. Learning from what has proved problematic in the past, we show how this construct might refocus thinking about purposes for learning, while at the same time being more specific about how and why traditional curriculum “content” might need to change. We illustrate this potential by drawing on our recent collective endeavour to build a small set of enduring competencies for school science education. The paper briefly outlines these four enduring competencies and demonstrates how they build bridges between past (more traditional) and future-focused (more transformative) curriculum and assessment design for the science learning area.
HUBUNGAN FUNGSI PERAWATAN KESEHATAN KELUARGA DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP LANSIA
Authors: Saraswati Rina , Ferianti Nurul Ariza , Ernawati Ernawati
Published: July 2023

Lansia merupakan salah satu populasi rentan terhadap munculnya masalah penyakit fisik maupun psikologis yang disebabkan karena adanya penurunan imunitas tubuh. Fungsi perawatan Kesehatan keluarga sangat diperlukan bagi lansia agar kualitas hidup dan kesehatan lansia terjaga secara optimal.Tujuan dari studi ini yaitu mengetahui hubungan fungsi perawatan Kesehatan keluarga terhadap kualitas hidup lansia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif korelasi dan pendekatan cross-sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan sampel sejumlah 66 responden. Analisa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji spearman rank. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara fungsi perawatan kesehatan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup lansia dengan nilai p-value 0.000 dimana 0.000 < 0.05 maka Ha diterima yang artinya terdapat hubungan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara fungsi perawatan kesehatan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup lansia
PERANCANGAN STRATEGI PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN PANGKAS RAMBUT (STUDI KASUS PANGKAS RAMBUT SEDERHANA)
Authors: Prayitno Iwan Adi , Astuti Widy
Published: July 2023

Pangkas rambut sederhana merupakan salah satu tempat potong rambut di Kebumen. Dengan bayaknya persaingan pangkas rambut yang ada di Kebumen membuat pangkas rambut sederhana harus meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan agar pendapatan tetap stabil dan meningkat. Oleh karena itu pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan service quality dengan tahapan yaitu mengidentifikasi service quality, merancang strategi peningkatan pelayanan dan menvalidasi hasil rancangan. Hasil identifikasi terhadap 60 responden menunjukan adanya permasalahan yaitu ruang cukur tidak rapi, ruangan cukur panas, kursi cukur tidak nyaman dan parkir sempit. Untuk menyelesaikan hal tersebut dilakukan rancang ulang tata letak fasilitas ruangan pangkas rambut dengan metode 5S. Prinsip seiri diterapkan dengan memilih dan memilah peralatan yang digunakan. Pada tahap seiton dilakukan penataan peralatan dan dilajutkan dengan tahap seiso (pembersihan) pada ruang cukur. Tahap seiketsu dan shitsuke  berturut – turut dilakukan pemantapan serta pembiasaan terhadap penerapan 3 prinsip sebelumnya. Hasil validasi dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif menunjukan bahwa hasil desain ruangan memberikan kesan rapi, sejuk, nyaman dan parkir luas.
Teacher Recruitment and the Right Career Choice: Parents’ Perceptions of the Teaching Profession in Oman
Authors: Al’Abri Khalaf M , Ismail Omer H , Al-Omari Aieman A
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to identify why students are reluctant to choose teaching as a career in the Sultanate of Oman from parents’ perceptions. It also aimed to verify whether there were statistically significant gender differences in parents’ perceptions of the teaching profession. Using a quantitative research design, the study applied a questionnaire to a sample of 2,519 parents, of whom 66.7% were males and 33.3% were females. The questionnaire results indicated that the reasons for reluctance in choosing to teach from parents’ perceptions centred on the difficulty of the career, the lack of financial incentives compared to the workload, and teachers’ low social status compared to other professions. The results also revealed gender differences in choosing teaching as a career in favour of females from the perspective of students’ parents. It is recommended that parents should respect their children’s choice of future professions and their desire to be teachers. In addition, the Ministry of Education in Oman must make significant efforts to make teaching an attractive career again.
The activity of business environment institutions in terms of supporting the innovativeness
Authors:   Warsaw Management University, Kamińska Alfreda
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to characterize the activity and establish the potential of business environment institutions (BEIs) in terms of supporting the innovativeness of enterprises in Poland. The business environment institutions are a group of entities offering consultancy, training, information and financial aid to businesses, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This aid is necessary for the implementation of innovative processes and the development of enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: This paper utilizes subject literature studies, statistical data analysis, results of own research and observation of the economic practice. Findings: Based on the results of primary and secondary research, one can claim that cooperation between enterprises and business environment institutions leads to increased innovativeness of the former. The shrinking number of business environment institutions, reduction of their activity and clustering in more developed regions and cities, all of which have been happening in recent years, pose a great threat to the support small and medium-sized enterprises are able to receive for the implementation of innovative processes. Research limitations/implications: It would be worthwhile to learn the up-to-date opinions of entrepreneurs concerning pro-innovation support provided by business environment institutions. Practical implications: There is a need for wider cooperation between entrepreneurs, local authorities and business environment institutions for sake of building appropriate ecosystems to support the innovativeness of enterprises. The business environment institutions are a key part of such ecosystems, yet their presence in the implementation of innovative processes within small and medium-sized enterprises is insufficient. Originality/value: Study expands the knowledge about activities supporting the innovativeness of enterprises being carried out in Poland by business environment institutions. Keywords: business environment institutions, innovativeness, small and medium-sized enterprises Category of the paper: Research paper.
Logistics coordination in building the resilience of the distribution network
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Kramarz Marzena
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The research article is an extension of the concept related to logistics coordination in distribution networks. The concept of logistics coordination extends the flow mechanisms of network governance presented in the literature so far. The aim of the article is to conceptualize logistics coordination as a set of network coordination flow mechanisms that are to strengthen the resilience of the distribution network. Disruptions analysis was used to assess the resilience of the distribution network. Design/methodology/approach: The first stage of the research was to identify the gap in the research on network governance. The assumptions of logistic coordination indicated in the literature research were the basis for the methodology of empirical research. The research was carried out in the distribution network of household appliances/electronics. The resilience of the distribution network to disruptions was assessed. Disruptions and deviations in the implemented processes were identified on the measurement cards. In assessing the resilience of the network, indicators of timeliness, completeness and orders without damage were used. Subsequently, a cause and effect analysis and FMEA were carried out. The conducted research was completed with recommendations for the coordinator of flows in the distribution network. Findings: Recommendations for the coordinator of the household appliances/electronics distribution network include mechanisms for logistics coordination that strengthen the resilience of the network. Other mechanisms that the coordinator is already using have also been identified. Among the identified mechanisms are both proactive and reactive actions. The set of mechanisms, in accordance with the proposed concept of logistics coordination, includes mechanisms focused on flexible resources, redundancy of partners in the network, redundancy of stocks at the material distribution point, extraordinary transport and forecasting for the entire network. Originality/value: The indicated mechanisms, both those used by the coordinator and those proposed to be used to increase the resilience of the distribution network, go beyond the flow mechanisms proposed in network coordination. Thus, it makes sense to extend the flow mechanisms to include logistics coordination in the broadest sense, which aims to synchronise flows, ensure the continuity of the processes carried out and the coherence of the activities of the network nodes. Keywords: distribution network; network governance; logistic coordination; resilience, disruptions. Category of the paper: research paper.
Escaping brain waste. Work experience and qualifications of highly skilled Ukrainians in Poland
Authors:   Opole University of Technology, Kubiciel-Lodzińska Sabina , Maj Jolanta ,   Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Widera Katarzyna ,   Opole University of Technology Opole, Bębenek Piotr ,   Opole University of Technology Opole, Ruszczak Bogdan ,   Opole University of Technology, Sokołowska Marta ,   Opole University of Technology
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The research aimed to identify what causes some highly skilled migrants from Ukraine to work according to their qualifications and others work below their qualifications. Design/methodology/approach: This article discusses the results of a survey conducted among 248 highly skilled economic migrants from Ukraine working in Poland. Two groups were analysed: working according to their qualifications and working below their qualifications. The study was carried out between December 2021 and March 2022. The CATI method has been used. Findings: There is a statistically significant relationship between the length of work experience of respondents in Ukraine and whether or not they are working according to their qualifications or below their qualifications. There is a statistically significant relationship between working in accordance with or not in accordance with qualifications and the assessment of whether it is difficult for a Ukrainian to get a job in Poland in accordance with his/her qualification. Research limitations/implications: The limitation of the conducted research is that it is conducted exclusively from the perspective of the migrant and does not take into account external factors such as the situation in the labour market of the host country, legal conditions, employers' attitudes towards employing foreigners in positions requiring higher education. This should be taken into account in future research. Practical implications: The research also has implications for the management of organisations. They show that there are people among the Ukrainian workforce whose potential is not being used. Their talents could be utilised within the organisation. Further research should look at companies and examine how the process of hiring foreign workers works and determine when a company decides to hire a highly qualified Ukrainian according to his/her background. Social implications: Poland has become a country of immigration. Economic migrants from Ukraine were joined by refugees from that country after 24.02.2022. The proper use of migrants' qualifications is therefore important from the point of view of the economy, but also of the host society. Originality/value: It shows the possibility of using highly qualified migrants from Ukraine in the organisation. In the Polish labour market migrants from Ukraine are mainly employed as manual workers. Keywords: qualification, migration, brain waste, career management, organization. Category of the paper: Research paper.
The impact of the organization of the working day on production efficiency in the laboratory of plant tissue cultures
Authors:   Warsaw University of Life Science, Institute of Horticulture Sciences, Section of Horticultural Economics, Pożoga Mariusz , Olewnicki Dawid ,   Warsaw University of Life Science, Institute of Horticulture Sciences, Section of Horticultural Economics
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study was to rate the employee’s productivity on different work day organization and to indicate the most optimal work schedule. Design/methodology/approach: For the research presented in this paper, strong literature review was done. We showed why human workforce is so important in tissue culture laboratory and why proper work organization is essential for increasing competitiveness of companies. Literature in the field of overtime work and short, elastic hours of work was also presented. Our research design checked effectiveness of work of ten employees of tissue culture laboratory in five different workday schedules. First combination was control and four other investigated influence of six hour work on main task in different arrangements on productivity. Data was statistically analysed with Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. Productivity Index and Labour Productivity Index were also used for better results processing. Findings: The highest employees productivity is concentrated in the middle of work day. In conventional eight hour workday, the highest productivity is just after fifteen minute break. Six hour workday has big potential in increasing work, especially when main task is not interrupted by other activities and when work starts at the beginning of workday. Research limitations/implications: In future, research should be expanded on employees efficiency in work with bioreactor and costs analysis of plant production in such system. Practical implications: Our results are directed to plant tissue culture companies and others where employees are essential and their work requires concentration during repetitive activities. We suggest solutions increasing work efficiency. Originality/value: Our work presents hour after hour analysis of work efficiency in different workday organization in plant tissue culture company. Keywords: day schedule, productivity, work organization, work effectiveness. Category of the paper: Research paper.
The business dimension of Metaverse
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Digital Economy, Warsaw School of Economics, Surma Jerzy
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This paper aims is to identify the key business opportunities and potential threats to companies that arise as Metaverse-like platforms development. The focus is on companies which can use the functionalities Metaverse offers and on the fact that their customers may soon be spending their time there in great numbers. Design/methodology/approach: From company perspective, the purposes set out in this paper are pursued under strategic analysis. In this context, SWOT analysis comes as an appropriate method. This paper does not pertain to a specific company or industry; therefore, the analysis will be confined to Opportunities and Threats that are, in essence, independent of the business sector and concern Metaverse’s impact on the business world. The source materials for the said analysis derive from the latest research literature and reports of consulting companies. Findings: This paper identifies the fundamental business opportunities in the context of the envisaged Metaverse development. They were confronted with issues and risks associated with the practical development and use of such platforms. Research limitations/implications: Metaverse is in its initial development phase; therefore, the identification of opportunities and threats is tentative and it should be revised as the technology progresses and the practical solutions become established. Moreover, the analysis in question is based on the projected development of Metaverse, hence the ensuing conclusions should be approached with caution. Practical implications: This paper provides a list of the fundamental business opportunities and threats which should be taken into account by companies devising their strategy concerning the use of Metaverse platforms. Social implications: The pertinent threats fundamentally affect the situation of the society in the digital world. Hence, it is too important to be aware of the threats, pursue appropriate polices of privacy, ethical business, social responsibility, and finally to adopt relevant legal regulations on the state level. Originality/value: One of the first research papers discussing the business potential and threats surrounding the development of Metaverse. Keywords: Metaverse, E-commerce, Digital Transformation, Virtual World. Category of the paper: General review.
Design thinking and its use to boast innovativeness
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Organization and Management Department, Economics and Informatics Institute, Wolniak Radoslaw
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to analyze the innovations in design thinking. Design/methodology/approach: Critical literature analysis. Analysis of international literature from main databases and polish literature and legal acts connecting with researched topic. Findings: It could be pointed out that exist the relationship between design thinking and the organizational innovativeness. Design Thinking began it’s important role especially when start- ups were start to increase in the global market. Nowadays this method plays important role as a part of dynamic, agile action on the world stage and in various sectors of business from teaching to building IT systems. Because of that method can be used as a boast in innovative activities in many sectors. The publication describes main relations between design thinking and innovations and give an overview of the tools used in design thinking to boast innovativeness. Originality/value: Detailed analysis of all subjects related to the problems connected with the innovations and design thinking. Keywords: Industry 4.0; innovation, industrial enterprise, design thinking, innovativeness. Category of the paper: literature review.
Equity crowdfunding in 2020-2022: development opportunities and barriers in Poland
Authors:   Wroclaw University, Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics, Institute of Economic Sciences, Ziobrowska-Sztuczka Justyna
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present equity crowdfunding, to explain its purpose and principles as well as to identify economic and social factors in the development of this form of fundraising in Poland in 2020-2022. Design/methodology/approach: The study used reports from crowdfunding platforms and own re-search. The study is based mainly on descriptive, analytical and com-parative research methods. Findings: After analyzing the data from crowdfunding platforms and the provisions of the new regulations, it can be concluded that equity crowdfunding is a dynamically developing method of financing economic projects in Poland. Originality/value: The publication presents the results of research conducted on the basis of crowdfunding reports. Keywords: equity crowdfunding, community, funding source. Category of the paper: Research paper.
Zaman Gecikmeli Sıvı Seviye Sistemi için Kaskad Oransal-İntegral Denetleyicilerin Deneysel Uygulaması
Authors: TUŞİK Emre , DUMLU Ahmet , GÖLCÜGEZLİ Sadrettin
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışmada kaskad kontrolün performansını artırmak için standart formlara dayalı yeni bir kaskad kontrol yapısı ve kontrolör tasarımı önerilmektedir. Kaskad kontrolör yapısına ayrıca zaman gecikmesi eklenerek kaskad oransal integral gecikmeli kontrolör şeklinde adlandırılabilecek yeni bir kontrol tasarımı yapılmıştır. İlk olarak gecikme tabanlı sistemlerin genel özellikleri hakkında bilgi verilmiş ve üzerinde deneysel çalışmaların yapıldığı zaman gecikmeli sıvı seviye sisteminin dinamik davranışı detaylı bir şekilde sunulmuştur. Daha sonra kaskad oransal integral gecikmeli kontrolörün matematiksel modeli ve analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kaskad oransal integral gecikmeli kontrolörün gerçek zamanlı sıvı seviye tankı üzerine yapılan deneylerle de kontrolcü tasarımın doğruluğu pekiştirilmiştir. Böylelikle önerilen kontrol tasarımı yönteminin kullanımını ve bazı mevcut tasarım yöntemlerine göre üstünlüğü ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Ayrıca bu çalışma ile kaskad oransal integral gecikmeli kontrolcü tasarımı performansı diğer klasik yöntemlere göre avantajlı olduğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Post-İnsan, Ergonomi ve Tasarım: Yok-Yerde Tasarımın İmkânı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ALTUNCU Damla
Published: July 2023

‘Merkezsizleşme’ düşüncesi, modernitenin insanı merkeze alan antroposantrizm anlayışına karşın, 20. yy’da ortaya çıkan post- modernizmin bir ürünüdür. Ergonomik tasarım ölçütleri, post-modern tasarımlarda ‘kullanılamaz’ hale gelmişlerdir. Çalışmada insandan bağımsız olan ‘üst-modernite’ ürünü yok-yer (non-lieu) tasarımları, kamusal alanda post-insan ve yeni mekân konusu özelinde tartışılmıştır. Bu ilişki, örnek bir mekân üzerinden araştırılmıştır. ‘Yok-yerlerde, post-insan anlayışının gelişmesiyle kamusal alanda ergonomik ilkeler işlevsiz hale gelir’ araştırmanın hipotezidir. Çalışmada, merkez-merkezsizleşme kavramları, post-insan, tasarım ve ergonomi konuları diyalektik bir yaklaşımla tartışılmıştır. Araştırma, bir mekânın ergonomik özelliklerini sosyolojik yapıyla ilişkilendirip tartışması nedeniyle açıklayıcıdır. Araştırmanın kapsamı, yok-yerleri temsilen ‘The Terminal’ (Terminal) filmindeki mekân ve mobilya görselleriyle sınırlandırılmıştır. Araştırmanın yöntemi, nitel araştırma için uygun olan dokümana dayalı içerik analizidir. Çalışmanın metodolojisi iki aşamalıdır. Birinci aşamada mevcut kavramlar incelenerek konuyla ilgili tanımlamalar karşılaştırılmıştır. İkinci aşamada ise filmde yer alan mekân ve mobilyalara ait görseller incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak yok-yerde ergonomik ilkeler dahilinde insan ölçeğini merkeze alan mimari uygulamaların sınırlı olduğu ancak ‘yer kurmak’ amacındaki kullanıcıların, halen mevcut mekânı dönüştürme potansiyeline sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir.
TBDY 2018 ile Tasarlanan Kompozit Binaların Ana ve Artçı Depremlerde Davranışı
Authors: ETLİ Serkan , AKGÜL Melek
Published: July 2023

Çalışma kapsamında 5, 10, 15 ve 20 katlı moment aktaran kompozit çerçevelerden oluşan yapıların TBDY 2018 tasarım koşulları ile ZA grubu zeminler için tasarımları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tasarlanan yapıların zaman tanım alanında dinamik analiz kullanılarak davranışları değerlendirilmiştir. Kullanılan depremler ana deprem ve artçı depremlerden oluşan seriler halinde seçilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar çatı katı yer değiştirmeleri, taban kesme oranları, katlar arası ötelenme ve taban ivmeleri açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında incelenen yapıların söz konusu ana ve artçı depremler etkisi altında incelenen parametreler açısından yeterli bir davranış sergilediği ortaya koyulmuştur.
Ferrorezonans Modellemesi ile Kaotik Durum Davranışının Analizi ve Gerilim İyileştirme
Authors: AKÇAY Mehmet Taciddin , ERSOY Aysel
Published: July 2023

Transformatör sistemlerinde kısa devreler, yanmalar, patlamalar, çeşitli arızalar, tehlikeli olaylar ve ekipman kayıpları gibi bir çok istenmeyen riskli durumlar meydana gelebilmektedir. Bu tip arızalar dış kaynaklı hususlardan dolayı oluşabilirken bazı durumlarda ise devreye bağlı elektriksel yükün karakteristiğinden kaynaklanabilmektedir. Yük karakteristiğinden kaynaklı arızaların en önemli nedenlerinden biri de transformatör sistemlerinde gerçekleşen Ferrorezonans olayıdır. Ferrorezonans lineer olmayan rezonans olarak tanımlanmakta olup sistem için kritik seviyede tehlike oluşturabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada elektrik güç sistemlerinde kaos teorisi anlatılarak ferrorezonans devresi üzerinden uygulama yapılmıştır. Ferrorezonans devresinin analizi yapılarak matematiksel modeli verilmiştir. Nonlineer devre elmanları kullanılırken ilgili eşdeğer devre üzerinden sistem incelenmiştir. Nonlineer dinamik sisteme ait verilen matematiksel model ile ferrorezonans durumundaki koşulların ve gerilim kaynağının etkisi gösterilmiştir. Transformatör kayıplarının neden olduğu ferrorezonans durum davranışları incelenerek farklı durumlara ait benzetimler yapılmıştır. Bu durumlar normal durum, temel frekans ferrorezonans durumu, altharmonik ferrorezonans durumu ve kaotik durum ferrorezonans durumlarını içermektedir. Çalışmanın sonunda kaotik duruma ait yük tarafında meydana gelen gerilim osilasyonun düzeltilmesi için gerilim iyileştirici uygulaması yapılmıştır.
Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Cementitious Concrete Composites That Incorporates Silica Fume And Fly Ash
Authors: BAYER İsmail Raci
Published: July 2023

In recent years, nano-sized graphene oxide (GO) has come to the fore as a promising material for enhancing the mechanical and durability performance of cementitious composites. On the other hand, partial substitution of industrial wastes and by-products into cementitious composites attracts the attention of researchers in order to ensure long-term sustainability. In order to combine these two aspects, the main focus of this study is to examine the effect of 0.05% and 0.1% GO-reinforcement on the slump, 7 and 28-day compressive and flexural strength and 28-day rapid chloride permeability test (RCPT) properties of cementitious composites. In this context, mixtures with three different binder combinations, a control, a silica fume (SF) substitution, and a fly ash (FA) substitution, were designed. The results showed that GO-reinforcement reduced the slump values of the mixtures between 5-15 mm, while the 28-day compressive strengths increased in the range of 9.82%-13.61% with 0.05% GO-reinforcement, and in the range of 17.02%-20.68% with 0.1% GO-reinforcement. The 28-day flexural strength of the mixtures increased by about 10% on average as a result of 0.1% GO-reinforcement. According to the RCPT anaylses, it was observed that the chloride permeability of the mixtures decreased up to 18.85% with 0.1% GO-reinforcement.
Correlation of fluid pressure and microdroplet size in a 3D-printed microfluidic chip
Authors: GULER Mustafa Tahsin
Published: July 2023

This paper reports the droplet formation performance of a 3D-printed microfluidic chip according to fluid pressure. SLA (stereolithography) 3D printer was employed for manufacturing the transparent microfluidic chip from resin. Water in oil microdroplets was produced on a flow-focusing design. Oil and water inlets were driven by a constant pressure source. The droplet production performance of the microfluidic chip was monitored through a microscope. The size of water droplets was determined according to pressure values.
Al6061 Matrisli SiC Al2O3 ve Kömür Cürufu Tozu Takviyeli Hibrit Kompozitlerin Sertlik ve Aşınma Davranışlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: KOCAMAN Rahmi , ATEŞ Serkan
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışmada Metal Matrisli Kompozitlerde (MMK), termik santralde yakıt olarak kullanılan kömürün yanması sonucunda kazan altında oluşan atık kömür cürufunun takviye olarak kullanılabilirliğine ve SiC, Al2O3 ile uyumuna odaklanılmıştır. Matris olarak otomobil ve havacılık endüstrisinde sıklıkla kullanılan Al6061 alaşımı seçilmiştir. Kompozitler ağırlıkça %1, 3, 5, ikili hibrit kompozitler ağırlıkça %4, 6, 8 ve üçlü hibrit kompozitler ise ağırlıkça %7, 9, 11 takviye-hacim oranlarında 22-59µm toz boyutuna sahip takviyeler kullanılarak üretilmiştir. Kompozitlerin üretiminde sıvı hal üretim yöntemlerinden olan iki kademeli karıştırmalı döküm yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Üretilen kompozitlerin mikro yapıları taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile görüntülenerek takviyelerin varlığı ve takviyenin içyapıda homojen dağılımı tespit edilmiştir. Kompozitlerin sertlikleri Brinell sertlik ölçüm yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında üretilen kompozitlerin aşınma davranışını ölçmek ve kuru sürtünmeli aşınma testlerini yapmak için kullanılan standart testlerden Pin on Disk yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen deney sonuçlarından malzeme çiftlerinin aşınma karakteristikleri oluşturulmuştur. Kömür cürufu tozu takviyeli kompozitler başarı ile üretilmiştir. Sertlik ölçümlerinde kömür cürufu tozunun da kompozitin sertliğini arttırmada neredeyse SiC ve Al2O3 kadar etkili olabildiği belirlenmiştir. Kömür cürufu tozu takviyesi de diğer takviye elemanları gibi kompozitlerin aşınma dayanımını artırmıştır.