bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of punching shear strength of flat slabs supported on rectangular columns
Authors: Filatov Valery
Published: March 2018

The article presents the methodology and results of an analytical study of structural parameters influence on the value of punching force for the joint of columns and flat reinforced concrete slab. This design solution is typical for monolithic reinforced concrete girderless frames, which have a wide application in the construction of high-rise buildings. As the results of earlier studies show the punching shear strength of slabs at rectangular columns can be lower than at square columns with a similar length of the control perimeter. The influence of two structural parameters on the punching strength of the plate is investigated - the ratio of the side of the column cross-section to the effective depth of slab C/d and the ratio of the sides of the rectangular column Cmax/Cmin. According to the results of the study, graphs of reduction the control perimeter depending on the structural parameters are presented for columns square and rectangular cross-sections. Comparison of results obtained by proposed approach and MC2010 simplified method are shown, that proposed approach gives a more conservative estimate of the influence of the structural parameters. A significant influence of the considered structural parameters on punching shear strength of reinforced concrete slabs is confirmed by the results of experimental studies. The results of the study confirm the necessity of taking into account the considered structural parameters when calculating the punching shear strength of flat reinforced concrete slabs and further development of code design methods.
Determination of the neutralization depth of concrete under the aggressive environment influence
Authors: Morzhukhina Anastasia , Nikitin Stanislav , Akimova Elena
Published: March 2018

Aggressive environments have a significant impact on destruction of many reinforced concrete structures, such as high-rise constructions or chemical plants. For example, some high-rise constructions are equipped with a swimming pool, so they are exposed to chloride ions in the air. Penetration of aggressive chemical substances into the body of concrete contributes to acceleration of reinforced concrete structure corrosion that in turn leads to load bearing capacity loss and destruction of the building. The article considers and analyzes the main technologies for calculating penetration depth of various aggressive substances into the body of concrete. The calculation of corrosion depth was made for 50-year service life.
Design automation of load-bearing arched structures of roofs of tall buildings
Authors: Kulikov Vladimir
Published: March 2018

The article considers aspects of the possible use of arched roofs in the construction of skyscrapers. Tall buildings experience large load from various environmental factors. Skyscrapers are subject to various and complex types of deformation of its structural elements. The paper discusses issues related to the aerodynamics of various structural elements of tall buildings. The technique of solving systems of equations state method of Simpson. The article describes the optimization of geometric parameters of bearing elements of the arched roofs of skyscrapers.
Approximate method for calculating a thickwalled cylinder with rigidly clamped ends
Authors: Andreev Vladimir
Published: March 2018

Numerous papers dealing with the calculations of cylindrical bodies [1 -8 and others] have shown that analytic and numerical-analytical solutions in both homogeneous and inhomogeneous thick-walled shells can be obtained quite simply, using expansions in Fourier series on trigonometric functions, if the ends are hinged movable (sliding support). It is much more difficult to solve the problem of calculating shells with builtin ends.
Curvilinear steel elements in load-bearing structures of high-rise building spatial frames
Authors: Ibragimov Alexander , Danilov Alexander
Published: March 2018

The application of curvilinear elements in load-bearing metal structures of high-rise buildings supposes ensuring of their bearing capacity and serviceability. There may exist a great variety of shapes and orientations of such structural elements. In particular, it may be various flat curves of an open or closed oval profile such as circular or parabolic arch or ellipse. The considered approach implies creating vast internal volumes without loss in the load-bearing capacity of the frame. The basic concept makes possible a wide variety of layout and design solutions. The presence of free internal spaces of large volume in "skyscraper" type buildings contributes to resolving a great number of problems, including those of communicative nature. The calculation results confirm the basic assumptions.
Experimental Research and Method for Calculation of 'Upsetting-with-Buckling' Load at the Impression-Free (Dieless) Preforming of Workpiece
Authors: Kukhar Volodymir , Artiukh Victor , Prysiazhnyi Andrii , Pustovgar Andrey
Published: March 2018

This paper presents the results of experimental studies of load characteristic changes during the upsetting of high billets with the upsetting ratio (height to diameter ratio) from 3.0 to 6.0, which is followed by buckling. Such pass is an effective way of preforming the workpiece for production of forgings with a bended axis or dual forming, and belongs to impression-free (dieless) operation of bulk forming. Based on the experimental data analysis, an engineering method for calculation of workpiece pre-forming load as a maximum buckling force has been developed. The analysis of the obtained data confirmed the possibility of performing of this pre-forming operation on the main forging equipment, since the load of shaping by buckling does not exceed the load of the dieforging.
Temperature and velocity conditions of air flow in vertical channel of hinged ventilated facade of a multistory building.
Authors: Statsenko Elena , Ostrovaia Anastasia , Pigurin Andrey
Published: March 2018

This article considers the influence of the building's tallness and the presence of mounting grooved lines on the parameters of heat transfer in the gap of a hinged ventilated facade. A numerical description of the processes occurring in a heat-gravitational flow is given. The average velocity and temperature of the heat-gravitational flow of a structure with open and sealed rusts are determined with unchanged geometric parameters of the gap. The dependence of the parameters influencing the thermomechanical characteristics of the enclosing structure is derived depending on the internal parameters of the system. Physical modeling of real multistory structures is performed by projecting actual parameters onto a reduced laboratory model (scaling).
Humidity Distributions in Multilayered Walls of High-rise Buildings
Authors: Gamayunova Olga , Musorina Tatiana , Ishkov Alexander
Published: March 2018

The limitation of free territories in large cities is the main reason for the active development of high-rise construction. Given the large-scale projects of high-rise buildings in recent years in Russia and abroad and their huge energy consumption, one of the fundamental principles in the design and reconstruction is the use of energy-efficient technologies. The main heat loss in buildings occurs through enclosing structures. However, not always the heat-resistant wall will be energy-efficient and dry at the same time (perhaps waterlogging). Temperature and humidity distributions in multilayer walls were studied in the paper, and the interrelation of other thermophysical characteristics was analyzed.
Strength resistance of reinforced concrete elements of high-rise buildings under dynamic loads
Authors: Berlinov Mikhail
Published: March 2018

A new method for calculating reinforced concrete constructions of high-rise buildings under dynamic loads from wind, seismic, transport and equipment based on the initial assumptions of the modern phenomenological theory of a nonlinearly deformable elastic-creeping body is proposed. In the article examined the influence of reinforcement on the work of concrete in the conditions of triaxial stress-strain state, based on the compatibility of the deformation of concrete and reinforcement. Mathematical phenomenological equations have been obtained that make it possible to calculate the reinforced concrete elements working without and with cracks. A method for linearizing of these equations based on integral estimates is proposed, which provides the fixation of the vibro-creep processes in the considered period of time. Application of such a technique using the finite-difference method, step method and successive approximations will allow to find a numerical solution of the problem. Such an approach in the design of reinforced concrete constructions will allow not only more fully to take into account the real conditions of their work, revealing additional reserves of load capacity, but also to open additional opportunities for analysis and forecasting their functioning at various stages of operation.
The assessment of waters ecological state of the Crimea coastal near high-rise construction zones
Authors: Vetrova Natalya , Ivanenko Tatyana , Mannanov Emran
Published: March 2018

The relevance of our study is determined by the significant level of coastal sea waters pollution by sewage near high-rise construction zones, which determines the violation of the sanitary and hygienic of sea waters ‘characteristics and limits the possibilities for organizing recreational activities. The purpose of this study is to identify the ecological state of the marine aquatic area by the example of the Western Crimea near high-rise construction zones. The studies confirmed that the recreational and coastal area wastewater is intensely mixed with seawater, as a result, the pollution in the coastal strip of the sea in the area of deep water discharges sharply decrease. This happens because of water rapid rise to the surface and under the influence of the continuous movement of sea water huge masses with deep-water discharge, fresh wastewater is actively mixed with sea water. However, with no doubt, it is inadmissible to discharge sewage into the sea directly from the shore, but only at the estimated distance from the coast. The materials of the article can be useful for the management bodies and organizations involved in monitoring the quality of the coastal zone of the sea, teachers and students of higher educational institutions when assessing the ecological situation of the territories.
Construction of high-rise building with underground parking in Moscow
Authors: Ilyichev Vyacheslav , Nikiforova Nadezhda , Konnov Artem
Published: March 2018

Paper presents results of scientific support to construction of unique residential building 108 m high with one storey underground part under high-rise section and 3-storey underground parking connected by underground passage. On-site soils included anthropogenic soil, clayey soils soft-stiff, saturated sands of varied grain coarseness. Design of retaining structure and support system for high-rise part excavation was developed. It suggested installation of steel pipes and struts. Construction of adjacent 3-storey underground parking by “Moscow method” is described in the paper. This method involves implementation of retaining wall consisted of prefabricated panels, truss structures (used as struts) and reinforced concrete slabs. Also design and construction technology is provided for foundations consisted of bored piles 800 MM in diameter joined by slab with base widening diameter of 1500 MM. Experiment results of static and dynamic load testing (ELDY method) are considered. Geotechnical monitoring data of adjacent building and utility systems settlement caused by construction of presented high-rise building were compared to numerical modelling results, predicted and permissible values.
The strength of compressed structures with CFRP materials reinforcement when exceeding the cross-section size
Authors: Polskoy Petr , Mailyan Dmitry , Georgiev Sergey , Muradyan Viktor
Published: March 2018

The increase of high-rise construction volume or «High-Rise Construction» requires the use of high-strength concrete and that leads to the reduction in section size of structures and to the decrease in material consumption. First of all, it refers to the compressed elements for which, when the transverse dimensions are reduced, their flexibility and deformation increase but the load bearing capacity decreases. Growth in construction also leads to the increase of repair and restoration works or to the strengthening of structures. The most effective method of their strengthening in buildings of «High-Rise Construction» is the use of composite materials which reduces the weight of reinforcement elements and labour costs on execution of works. In this article the results of experimental research on strength and deformation of short compressed reinforced concrete structures, reinforced with external carbon fiber reinforcement, are presented. Their flexibility is λh=10, and the cross-section dimensions ratio b/h is 2, that is 1,5 times more, than recommended by standards in Russia. The following research was being done for three kinds of strained and deformed conditions with different variants of composite reinforcement. The results of the experiment proved the real efficiency of composite reinforcement of the compressed elements with sides ratio equal to 2, increasing the bearing capacity of pillars till 1,5 times. These results can be used for designing the buildings of different number of storeys.
On the design of high-rise buildings with a specified level of reliability
Authors: Dolganov Andrey , Kagan Pavel
Published: March 2018

High-rise buildings have a specificity, which significantly distinguishes them from traditional buildings of high-rise and multi-storey buildings. Steel structures in high-rise buildings are advisable to be used in earthquake-proof regions, since steel, due to its plasticity, provides damping of the kinetic energy of seismic impacts. These aspects should be taken into account when choosing a structural scheme of a high-rise building and designing load-bearing structures. Currently, modern regulatory documents do not quantify the reliability of structures. Although the problem of assigning an optimal level of reliability has existed for a long time. The article shows the possibility of designing metal structures of high-rise buildings with specified reliability. Currently, modern regulatory documents do not quantify the reliability of high-rise buildings. Although the problem of assigning an optimal level of reliability has existed for a long time. It is proposed to establish the value of reliability 0.99865 (3σ) for constructions of buildings and structures of a normal level of responsibility in calculations for the first group of limiting states. For increased (construction of high-rise buildings) and reduced levels of responsibility for the provision of load-bearing capacity, it is proposed to assign respectively 0.99997 (4σ) and 0.97725 (2σ). The coefficients of the use of the cross section of a metal beam for different levels of security are given.
Use sulfoferritic cements in construction
Authors: Samchenko Svetlana V. , Zorin Dmitriy A.
Published: March 2018

Currently, high-rise construction has received increasing attention around the world. In the big cities under construction is less space and one solution is the high-rise construction. However, high-rise buildings use special requirements, such as strength, thermal insulation, wind load and others. When concrete is exposed to continuous loads by wind or to mechanical loads, it undergoes abrasion. Resistance to this process depends on the characteristics of materials that the concrete and finishing seams are made of. Research on increasing impact and abrasion resistance of calcium sulfoferrite-based cement stone from the perspective of formation of cement stone structure will be instrumental in developing durable materials for application in high-rise construction.
On the of neural modeling of some dynamic parameters of earthquakes and fire safety in high-rise construction
Authors: Haritonova Larisa
Published: March 2018

The recent change in the correlation of the number of man-made and natural catastrophes is presented in the paper. Some recommendations are proposed to increase the firefighting efficiency in the high-rise buildings. The article analyzes the methodology of modeling seismic effects. The prospectivity of applying the neural modeling and artificial neural networks to analyze a such dynamic parameters of the earthquake foci as the value of dislocation (or the average rupture slip) is shown. The following two input signals were used: the power class and the number of earthquakes. The regression analysis has been carried out for the predicted results and the target outputs. The equations of the regression for the outputs and target are presented in the work as well as the correlation coefficients in training, validation, testing, and the total (All) for the network structure 2-5-5-1for the average rupture slip. The application of the results obtained in the article for the seismic design for the newly constructed buildings and structures and the given recommendations will provide the additional protection from fire and earthquake risks, reduction of their negative economic and environmental consequences.
The improvement of thermal characteristics of autoclave aerated concrete for energy efficient high-rise buildings application
Authors: Khavanov Pavel , Fomina Ekaterina , Kozhukhova Natalia
Published: March 2018

Nowadays, the problem of energy saving is very relevant. One of the ways to reduction energy consumption in construction materials production and construction of civil and industrial high-rise buildings is the application of claddings with heat-insulating performance. The concept of energy efficiency of high-rise buildings is closely related to environmental aspect and sustainability of applied construction materials; reducing service costs; energy saving and microclimate comfortability. A complexity of architectural and structural design as well as aesthetic characteristics of construction materials are also should be considered. The high interest focused on materials with combined properties. This work is oriented on the study of energy efficiency of buildings by improving heat-insulation and strength performance of autoclave aerated concrete. The applied method of sulfate activation of lime allows monitoring phase and structure formation in aerated concrete. The optimal mix design of aerated concrete with the compressive strength up to 8.5 MPa and decreased density up to 760 kg/m3 was proposed. Analysis of structure at macro-and microscale was performed as well as the criteria of an optimal porosity formation was considered a number, size, shape of pore and density of interior partition. SEM analysis and BET method were performed in this research work. The research results demonstrated the correlation between structure and vapor permeability resistance, also it was found that the increase of strength can lead to reduction of thermal conductivity.
Modelling of energy consumption at construction of high-rise buildings
Authors: Korol Elena , Korol Oleg
Published: March 2018

High-rise building structures in the course of its erection suppose primary use of methods provided for erection, concrete and external finishing works. Erection works do not differ significantly from usual ones: traditional equipment, accessories and techniques are used which are based on erection of structures in project position using a crane. Structures to be assembled in building frame include steel columns and beams, wall panels, form elements of columns, walls and floor structures. We can note heightened attention to operational control for quality of erection, but it is attributable to all works in the course of high-rise construction. During high-rise erection by means of cast in-situ reinforced concrete all formworks to be used do not have any special differences except systems specially designed for high-rise erection using sliding formwork or vertical traveling forms. In these systems special attention is paid to safety of elevated works. Working methods of placement and curing of concrete and structures as a whole remain traditional – the requirements for controlling such operations become toughened. The most evident differences in high-rise erection with regard to equipment, machinery and accessories used are in means provided for load transportation and safety of works at heights. Particularity of internal finishing works which are also obligatory during construction of skyscrapers allows not considering them in as technological differences from usual construction as far as the «height» of its execution is limited by height of particular floor and determined by price and building class.
Ensuring living condition for ageing population by public–private partnership (PPP)
Authors: Konjar Miha , Nikšič Matej , Peter Grom Janez , Mujkić Sabina , Fikfak Alenka
Published: March 2018

Lack of financial resources has become one of the main issues in fulfilling social and physical needs in urban development. The declining levels of public resources make the collaboration between public and private investors necessary. When facing the challenges of ageing population, shared investment may contribute to the appropriate development of sheltered housing to meet the goals of spatial planning as well as certain standards at the level of urban design. By ensuring appropriate living conditions for all generations such urban PPP projects may contribute to the fulfilment of the public interest. The paper presents practice of PPP implementation in Ljubljana, Slovenia, where local authority with the collaboration of private partners ensured more than 400 sheltered apartments in the last years. Examples show the extension of the idea from the 70s onwards in finding new models of housing for the aging population. The development of new models can be a good example of strengthening the cooperation between public and private partners in the field of urban development practice.
Specificity of high-rise construction and real estate markets in the regional economy: an analysis of Russian practice (example of St. Petersburg)
Authors: Vilken Viktoriya , Kalinina Olga , Dubgorn Alissa
Published: March 2018

In paper features of the regional markets of construction the commercial and residential real estate on the example of St. Petersburg are defined. The current situation is analysed, the specific features of branch are revealed. The major factors influencing investors making decisions on construction of various types of objects are defined. The main methods of advance of real estate objects are considered.
Methodical bases of selection and evaluation of the effectiveness of the projects of the urban territory renovation
Authors: Sizova Evgeniya , Zhutaeva Evgeniya , Chugunov Andrei
Published: March 2018

The article highlights features of processes of urban territory renovation from the perspective of a commercial entity participating in the implementation of a project. The requirements of high-rise construction projects to the entities, that carry out them, are considered. The advantages of large enterprises as participants in renovation projects are systematized, contributing to their most efficient implementation. The factors, which influence the success of the renovation projects, are presented. A method for selecting projects for implementation based on criteria grouped by qualitative characteristics and contributing to the most complete and comprehensive evaluation of the project is suggested. Patterns to prioritize and harmonize renovation projects in terms of multi-project activity of the enterprise are considered.
Methodical foundations of the preparation of highly valued personnel for high-rise construction
Authors: Belyaeva Svetlana , Belyantseva Oksana , Safonova Nataliya , Vasilyeva Olga
Published: March 2018

When carrying out design and survey and construction and installation works for such an innovative type of activity as high-rise construction, the problem of personnel qualification becomes urgent. The article poses a research problem, identifies the main reasons for the need for training highly qualified specialists in construction, and suggests areas for improving training. The expediency of development of mentoring system was proved, the corresponding model of interaction between educational institutions and construction enterprises was offered, key interaction effects were evaluated.
Formation of the perspective innovation policy of the enterprise in the conditions of organizational-economic changes
Authors: Uvarova Svetlana , Vlasenko Vyacheslav , Bukreev Anatoly , Myshovskaya Ludmila , Kuzina Olga
Published: March 2018

This article is based on the analysis of modern condition and dynamics of innovational development of high-rise buildings construction. A number of cardinal organizational and economic changes in management at the macro and meso-levels is taken into the account. Principal scheme of development of the methodology of formation of perspective innovation politics in high-ruse buildings construction based on inculcation of modern methods of strategic control of innovational activity is suggested in this article.
Risk management at the stage of design of high-rise construction facilities
Authors: Politi Violetta
Published: March 2018

This paper describes the assessment of the probabilistic risk of an accident formed in the process of designing a technically complex facility. It considers values of conditional probabilities of the compliance of load-bearing structures with safety requirements, provides an approximate list of significant errors of the designer and analyzes the relationship between the degree of compliance and the level of danger of errors. It describes and proposes for implementation the regulated procedures related to the assessment of the safety level of constructive solutions and the reliability of the construction process participants.
Elaboration of technology organizational models of constructing high-rise buildings in plans of construction organization
Authors: Osipenkova Irina , Simankina Tatyana , Syrygina Taisiia , Lukinov Vitaliy
Published: March 2018

This article represents features of the elaboration of technology organizational models of high-rise building construction in technology organizational documentation on the example of the plan of construction organization. Some examples of enhancing the effectiveness of high-rise building construction based on developments of several options of the organizational and technological plan are examined. Qualitative technology organizational documentation allows to increase the competitiveness of construction companies and provides prime cost of construction and assembly works reductions. Emphasis is placed on the necessity to comply with the principle of comprehensiveness of engineering, scientific and research works, development activities and scientific and technical support.
High-rise construction in the Russian economy: modeling of management decisions
Authors: Miroshnikova Tatyana , Taskaeva Natalia
Published: March 2018

The growth in the building industry, particularly in residential high-rise construction, is having considerable influence on the country’s economic development. The scientific hypothesis of the research is that the execution of town-planning programs of high-rise construction depends to a large extent on the management of the provision of material resources for the construction of a millionth city, while the balance model is the most important tool for establishing and determining the ratio between supply and demand for material resources. In order to improve the efficiency of high-rise building management, it is proposed to develop a methodology for managing the provision of construction of large cities with material resources.
Insurance of risks as the instrument of protection of investments into high-rise construction
Authors: Vasilyeva Elena , Okrepilov Vladimir
Published: March 2018

Insurance now is one of the important sectors for both world, and national financial systems. The mechanism of insurance of risks plays an essential role in the process of construction of high-rise buildings and as well as other unique objects. The author argues that insurance is categorically necessary because of the following reasons: huge scale and complexity of high-rise projects and great expenses, the use of unsafe sites for construction, great possible losses in case of the project, important role for the city infrastructure, numerous organizations, involved into the process of construction and maintenance, multypurpose use of the building. The features of insurance in the field of high-rise construction is also considered in the article. The prerequisites, confirming the loss occurrence are named.
Conversion of wastelands into state ownership for the needs of high-rise construction
Authors: Ganebnykh Elena
Published: March 2018

High-rise construction in big cities faces the problem of land shortage in downtown areas. Audit of economic complexes showed a large volume of wastelands. The conversion of wastelands into state and municipal ownership helps in part to solve the problem of the lack of space for high-rise construction in the urban area in the format of infill construction. The article investigates the problem of the conversion of wastelands into state and municipal ownership. The research revealed no clear algorithm for converting wastelands into state and municipal ownership. To form a unified system for identifying such plots, a universal algorithm was developed to identify and convert ownerless immovable property into state or municipal ownership.
Simulation-based modeling of building complexes construction management
Authors: Shepelev Aleksandr , Severova Galina , Potashova Irina
Published: March 2018

The study reported here examines the experience in the development and implementation of business simulation games based on network planning and management of high-rise construction. Appropriate network models of different types and levels of detail have been developed; a simulation model including 51 blocks (11 stages combined in 4 units) is proposed.
Normative regulation of material incentives for workers in the sphere of high-rise construction
Authors: Kopytova Anna , Matys Elena , Zotkina Natalia , Reshetnikova Irina , Meller Natalia , Nekrasova Inna
Published: March 2018

The article is devoted to the problem of normative and legal regulation of incentives for workers of the building companies. The company considered is engaged in high-rise construction. The part of the document “Regulations for the incentives of employees of the enterprise” is presented. This document is introduced into the practical activities of the Tyumen enterprise. The presented part of the document regulates the issues of material incentives for employees of the enterprise. The document “Regulations for the incentives of employees of the enterprise” is developed in accordance with the approach proposed by author. The document was developed, after the authors had carried out an analysis of the scheme of incentives at the enterprise.
Procedure of the preparatory works execution during the remediation of high-rise buildings debris due to the disaster
Authors: Sinitsyn Denis
Published: March 2018

The article covers one of the preparatory works types, in particular – the debris clearance. The types of machines and machinery, the purposes of the debris clearance, as well as the tasks for decrease of debris mass and scope are specified herein. The purpose of the article is to show the current level of the domestic machinery, as well as to share the experience of preparatory works. The article describes one of the preparatory works types, in particular – the debris clearance during the high-rise buildings demolition. Given are the equipment and machinery types, covered are the purposes and procedure of debris clearance defined are the tasks on reduction of debris mass and sizes. Specified are the types and methods of the preparatory works execution. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the domestic equipment current state, and to share the experience in preparatory works execution.
Formation of production structural units within a construction company using the systemic integrated method when implementing high-rise development projects
Authors: Lapidus Azary , Abramov Ivan
Published: March 2018

Development of efficient algorithms for designing future operations is a vital element in construction business. This paper studies various aspects of a methodology required to determine the integration index for construction crews performing various process-related jobs. The main objective of the study outlined in this paper is to define the notion of integration in respect to a construction crew that performs complete cycles of construction and assembly works in order to find the optimal organizational solutions, using the integrated crew algorithm built specifically for that purpose. As seen in the sequence of algorithm elements, it was designed to focus on the key factors affecting the level of integration of a construction crew depending on the value of each of those elements. The multifactor modelling approach is used to assess the KPI of integrated construction crews involved in large-sale high-rise construction projects. The purpose of this study is to develop a theoretical recommendation and a scientific methodological provision of organizational and technological nature to ensure qualitative formation of integrated construction crews to increase their productivity during integrated implementation of multi-task construction phases. The key difference of the proposed solution from the already existing ones is that it requires identification of the degree of impact of each factor, including the change in the qualification level, on the integration index of each separate element in the organizational and technological system in construction (integrated construction crew).
High-Rise Construction in Densely Dwelled Cities: Requirements for Premises Insolation and Consequences of their Violation in Russian Law and Jurisprudence
Authors: Gongalo Boris , Gudovicheva Lubov , Gubareva Anna , Dobrynina Larisa
Published: March 2018

The issues of constructing high-rise, primarily residential, buildings have a great social significance. Not every plot of land, acquired in the Russian Federation is suitable for high-rise construction. Therefore, every construction company that plans to erect a multi-apartment building, a high-rise office building, or a skyscraper must take into account not only technical norms but as well sanitary legislation regulations that set obligatory requirements about insolation of apartments. The article includes a short study of several norms in the Russian legislation regarding insolation of dwellings; analises the problems of judicial interpretation of the statutory limitations. In this aspect it researches the debatable questions arising in practice of state arbitration courts dealing with the lawsuits on allocation of land-plots by the local administration. The analysis of the judicial practice is followed by description of the difficulties facing the developers of land-plots, concerning the project and territorial planning documentation.
Principles and methods for ensuring safe operation of high-rise buildings
Authors: Korol Oleg , Kustikova Yuliya
Published: March 2018

The purpose of monitoring the technical condition of high-rise buildings is to prevent possible negative situations leading to significant socio-economic losses by timely warning of the emergence of such situations. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following main tasks, such as: identifying the time and place of origin and development of negative processes that lead to the emergence of an emergency situation; analysis of the possible development of the situation in time; development of management decisions; formation and submission of warning signals; obtaining new knowledge about the operation of the object, the factors of influence on this object, the speed of development of destructive processes. When solving the above problems, an important role is played by constructing an adequate mathematical model of the object, the parameters of which should be calibrated according to the current monitoring results.
Improvement of the cost-benefit analysis algorithm for high-rise construction projects
Authors: Gafurov Andrey , Skotarenko Oksana , Plotnikov Vladimir
Published: March 2018

The specific nature of high-rise investment projects entailing long-term construction, high risks, etc. implies a need to improve the standard algorithm of cost-benefit analysis. An improved algorithm is described in the article. For development of the improved algorithm of cost-benefit analysis for high-rise construction projects, the following methods were used: weighted average cost of capital, dynamic cost-benefit analysis of investment projects, risk mapping, scenario analysis, sensitivity analysis of critical ratios, etc. This comprehensive approach helped to adapt the original algorithm to feasibility objectives in high-rise construction. The authors put together the algorithm of cost-benefit analysis for high-rise construction projects on the basis of risk mapping and sensitivity analysis of critical ratios. The suggested project risk management algorithms greatly expand the standard algorithm of cost-benefit analysis in investment projects, namely: the “Project analysis scenario” flowchart, improving quality and reliability of forecasting reports in investment projects; the main stages of cash flow adjustment based on risk mapping for better cost-benefit project analysis provided the broad range of risks in high-rise construction; analysis of dynamic cost-benefit values considering project sensitivity to crucial variables, improving flexibility in implementation of high-rise projects.
Applications of AMC-based impedance surfaces
Authors: Balanis Constantine A. , Amiri Mikal Askarian , Modi Anuj Y. , Pandi Sivaseetharaman , Birtcher Craig R.
Published: March 2018

The recent and major enhancements of artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) and their applications namely RCS reduction, low-profile antennas and holographic leaky wave antennas are reviewed. Full-wave simulations are compared to measurements of fabricated models, and a good agreement is attained. All of the measurement were conducted in the Arizona State University electromagnetic anechoic chamber (EMAC).
Study of fission using multi-nucleon transfer reactions
Authors: Nishio Katsuhisa , Hirose Kentaro , Vermeulen Mark , Makii Hiroyuki , Orlandi Riccardo , Tsukada Kazuaki , Asai Masato , Toyoshima Atsushi , Sato Tetsuya K. , Nagame Yuichiro , Chiba Satoshi , Aritomo Yoshihiro , Tanaka Shouya , Ohtsuki Tsutomu , Tsekhanovich Igor , Petrache Costel M. , Andreyev Andrei
Published: March 2018

Multi-nucleon transfer channels of the reactions of 18O+232Th, 18O+238U, 18O+248Cm were used to measure fission-fragment mass distribution for various nuclides and their excitation energy dependence. Predominantly asymmetric fission is observed at low excitation energies for all the studied cases, with an increase of the symmetric fission towards high excitation energies. Experimental data are compared with predictions of the fluctuation-dissipation model, where effects of multi-chance fission (neutron evaporation prior to fission) was introduced. It was shown that a reliable understanding of the observed fission fragment mass distributions can be obtained only invoking multi-chance fissions.
Prompt fission gamma-ray emission spectral data for 239Pu(n,f) using fast directional neutrons from the LICORNE neutron source
Authors: Qi L. , Wilson J.N. , Lebois M. , Al-Adili A. , Chatillon A. , Choudhury D. , Gatera A. , Georgiev G. , Göök A. , Laurent B. , Maj A. , Matea I. , Oberstedt A. , Oberstedt S. , Rose S.J. , Schmitt C. , Wasilewska B. , Zeiser F.
Published: March 2018

Prompt fission gamma-ray spectra (PFGS) have been measured for the 239Pu(n,f) reaction using fast neutrons at Ēn=1.81 MeV produced by the LICORNE directional neutron source. The setup makes use of LaBr3 scintillation detectors and PARIS phoswich detectors to measure the emitted prompt fission gamma rays (PFG). The mean multiplicity, average total energy release per fission and average energy of photons are extracted from the unfolded PFGS. These new measurements provide complementary information to other recent work on thermal neutron induced fission of 239Pu and spontaneous fission of 252Cf.
Fission dynamics with microscopic level densities
Authors: Randrup Jørgen , Ward Daniel , Carlsson Gillis , Døssing Thomas , Möller Peter , Åberg Sven
Published: March 2018

Working within the Langevin framework of nuclear shape dynamics, we study the dependence of the evolution on the degree of excitation. As the excitation energy of the fissioning system is increased, the pairing correlations and the shell effects diminish and the effective potential-energy surface becomes ever more liquid-drop like. This feature can be included in the treatment in a formally well-founded manner by using the local level densities as a basis for the shape evolution. This is particularly easy to understand and implement in the Metropolis treatment where the evolution is simulated by means of a random walk on the five-dimensional lattice of shapes for which the potential energy has been tabulated. Because the individual steps between two neighboring lattice sites are decided on the basis of the ratio of the statistical weights, what is needed is the ratio of the local level densities for those shapes, evaluated at the associated local excitation energies. For this purpose, we adapt a recently developed combinatorial method for calculating level densities which employs the same single-particle levels as those that were used for the calculation of the pairing and shell contributions to the macroscopic-microscopic deformation-energy surface. For each nucleus under consideration, the level density (for a fixed total angular momentum) is calculated microscopically for each of the over five million shapes given in the three-quadratic-surface parametrization. This novel treatment, which introduces no new parameters, is illustrated for the fission fragment mass distributions for selected uranium and plutonium cases.
Neutron induced fission of 237Np – status, challenges and opportunities
Authors: Ruskov Ivan , Goverdovski Andrei , Furman Walter , Kopatch Yury , Shcherbakov Oleg , Hambsch Franz-Josef , Oberstedt Stephan , Oberstedt Andreas
Published: March 2018

Nowadays, there is an increased interest in a complete study of the neutron-induced fission of 237Np. This is due to the need of accurate and reliable nuclear data for nuclear science and technology. 237Np is generated (and accumulated) in the nuclear reactor core during reactor operation. As one of the most abundant long-lived isotopes in spent fuel (“waste”), the incineration of 237Np becomes an important issue. One scenario for burning of 237Np and other radio-toxic minor actinides suggests they are to be mixed into the fuel of future fast-neutron reactors, employing the so-called transmutation and partitioning technology. For testing present fission models, which are at the basis of new generation nuclear reactor developments, highly accurate and detailed neutron-induced nuclear reaction data is needed. However, the EXFOR nuclear database for 237Np on neutron-induced capture cross-section, σγ, and fission cross-section, σf, as well as on the characteristics of capture and fission resonance parameters (Γγ, Γf, σoΓf, fragments mass-energy yield distributions, multiplicities of neutrons vn and γ-rays vγ), has not been updated for decades.
The GEF model: Assessment of fission-fragment properties over an extended region
Authors: Schmitt Christelle , Schmidt Karl-Heinz , Jurado Beatriz
Published: March 2018

Calculations with the fission model GEF are performed over an extended region in fissioning-system mass A, charge Z, excitation energy E∗ and angular momentum L. The present contribution focuses on fission-fragment mass and isotopic distributions, benefiting from recent innovative measurements. The influence of the system (A, Z, E∗, L) properties and of multi-chance fission is studied. The impact of accurate experimental knowledge about these properties and instrumental resolution is discussed. The need of as selective and accurate as possible experimental data to improve the model is demonstrated.
A Highly Active Cobalt Catalyst System for Kumada Biaryl Cross-Coupling
Authors: Wu Wenqin , Duong Hung
Published: March 2018

A highly active cobalt catalyst system has been developed for the cross-coupling reactions of arylmagnesium reagents and aryl bromides. In the presence of 1 mol% CoCl2, 2 mol% IPr·HCl and 2 mol% NaO
t
Bu, a wide range of (hetero)biaryls are prepared in 51–99% yields at room temperature within a short reaction time.
Late-Stage Diagnosis of Breast Cancer in Brazil: Analysis of Data from Hospital-Based Cancer Registries (2000–2012)
Authors: Renna Junior Nelson Luiz , Silva Gulnar de Azevedo e
Published: March 2018

Objective To analyze the time trend and the factors regarding the diagnosis of late-stage breast cancer in Brazil from 2000 to 2012.

Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from hospital-based cancer registries. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the time trends of stage at diagnosis. The risk of late-stage presentation was estimated using multinomial logistic regression.

Results A total of 170,757 cases were analyzed. The median time from diagnosis to treatment was of 43 days (range: 0–182 days). The percentage of cases with late-stage diagnosis decreased from 2000 to 2002, with an annual percent change (APC) of -6.6% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: -7.6–-5.5%); it increased from 2002 until 2009, with an APC of 1.1% (95% CI: 0.9–1.3%), and remained stable up to 2012. Women with college education (compared with illiterate women) had less chance of having a late-stage diagnosis (odds ratio [OR]: 0.32; 95%CI: 0.29–0.35). The odds were greater among brown women (OR: 1.30; 95%CI: 1.21–1.41) and black women (OR: 1.63; 95%CI: 1.47–1.82), compared with white women. The odds were also higher for women treated in facilities located and in the Northern region of Brazil (OR: 1.23; 95%CI: 1.04–1.45) and in the Midwest (OR: 1.61; 95%CI: 1.34–1.94), compared with those treated in the southern region of the country. Age, histological type, and marital status were some of the other factors that were positively related to staging at the diagnosis.

Conclusion Access to diagnosis of breast cancer is uneven in Brazil, and women with lower socioeconomic status present a greater probability of having an advanced stage at diagnosis.