bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technopreneurship in SMEs in Indonesia
Authors: Majid M. Shabri Abd. , Agustina Maulidar , Hafasnuddin Hafasnuddin , Yahya Yahya
Published: August 2024

This research explores the evolving landscape of technopreneurship within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. Addressing pertinent issues, analyzing current trends, and outlining future directions, the study delves into the challenges and opportunities arising from the increasing intersection of technology and entrepreneurship for SMEs. Through a comprehensive examination, it identifies key impediments to the seamless integration of technopreneurial practices in Indonesian SMEs and dissects emerging trends. The research employs a bibliometric analysis, drawing insights from 511 scholarly articles in the Google Scholar database, to examine recent trends and potential research trajectories in technopreneurship within Indonesian SMEs. Utilizing VOSviewer, Harzing's Publish or Perish, and Microsoft Excel, the investigation identifies seven major thematic clusters, including technopreneurship, innovation, small and medium enterprises, and innovative capability. Additionally, the study provides a roadmap for future research, guiding scholars, practitioners, and policymakers toward unexplored realms and innovative strategies to foster technologically-driven entrepreneurship in the SME sector. By delving into the intricacies of technopreneurship, the research aims to contribute valuable insights that enrich academic discourse and offer practical guidance for stakeholders aiming to harness technology's full potential in SMEs for sustained growth and innovation.
Techno-Sociopreneurship in Practice by Strengthening Mosque-Based Islamic Philanthropy Management
Authors: Analiansyah Analiansyah , Furqani Hafas , Mulia Rika , Yulindawati Yulindawati , Afriani Susi , Juliansyah Rayhan
Published: August 2024

This chapter examines how techno-sociopreneurship can improve the management of Islamic philanthropy. Focusing on a community service initiative by the faculty of Islamic economics and business at UIN Ar-Raniry, Indonesia, the study explores integrating technology and socio-entrepreneurial principles to enhance mosque-based philanthropy. The initiative provides education on managing Islamic philanthropic funds, improving financial reporting, and empowering economic and business activities from mosque funds in a village in Hatyai, Thailand. Using a case study approach, the findings highlight the importance of techno-sociopreneurship in empowering communities and promoting sustainable socio-economic development through philanthropy. Additionally, the study emphasizes the benefits of sharing knowledge to achieve economic independence in managing mosques and Islamic educational institutions.
The Influence of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy on Entrepreneurship Intention in Malaysian Higher Learning Institutions
Authors: Vivekananth Sarasaran , Indiran Logaiswari , Kohar Umar Haiyat Abdul
Published: August 2024

Research indicates that entrepreneurial self-efficacy, gained through entrepreneurship education in higher learning institutions (HLIs), is crucial for fostering long-term job creators by developing students' entrepreneurial knowledge, ability, and attitude. Besides, entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) also serves as a critical antecedent and the strongest predictor of entrepreneurial intention (EI) among HLI students. Therefore, this study focuses on investigating the impact of ESE on EI among Universiti Teknologi Malaysia's undergraduates. Utilizing a quantitative approach with a questionnaire, data from 212 respondents were analyzed using SPSS for descriptive and regression analysis. Findings reveal that students perceive their ESE and EI at a medium level. Additionally, the study emphasizes the significant role of ESE in influencing students' EI. The results hold relevance for HLIs, policymakers, and academicians, stressing the importance of nurturing ESE to cultivate future entrepreneurs.
Foundations of AI Ethics
Authors: Walawalkar Ankita Manohar , Moslehpour Massoud , Phattanaviroj Thanaporn , Kumar Suman
Published: August 2024

The rapid growth in artificial intelligence (AI) has created many opportunities, this further leads to ethical concerns. Everyone claims to be ethical however, there is a notable gap between stating ethical behavior and maintaining high ethical standards. AI ethics is an arena that has arisen as a response to rising concern. AI ethics is a subclass of digital ethics, reporting concerns about the influence of AI related to their growth and deployment. This chapter undertakes a comprehensive exploration of AI ethics, discussing its basic concepts, and historical prescriptive, along with key ethical theories and their roles, while focusing on the responsibilities of stakeholders in AI ethics. It is important to challenge the AI ethics for AI experts and decision-makers. To accomplish this, the chapter analyses AI ethics' previous, existing, and upcoming statuses.
Quantum-Inspired Deep Learning for Networked Data Analysis With Quantum Networked Discord and Allies
Authors: Labhane Suchitra , Radha J. , Pokkuluri Kiran Sree , Somasundaram R. , Shankar R. Shiva , Srivastava Prateek
Published: August 2024

This research talks about Quantum Networked Discord and Allies (QNDA), a new way to get insights from linked datasets. It combines methods inspired by quantum mechanics with network analysis and deep learning. Our method improves the processing of huge amounts of networked data by using the inherent parallelism and superposition properties. It is based on ideas from quantum computing. We also came up with the idea of Quantum Networked Allies (QNA), which uses quantum annealing and coupling to find ways that different parts of networked data can work together in a way that is beneficial. In the end, this leads to better classification and prediction skills. We also provide theoretical analyses to help you understand how the speed improvements seen in QNDA work. In conclusion, our research opens up new ways to deal with the problems that come up with data ecosystems that are very closely linked to each other. It also marks a big step forward in using quantum-inspired methods for analysing data in networks.
Fortifying Multi-User Cloud Security in Quantum Networking Using Cryptographic Algorithms
Authors: Shaheen Muhammad Shaqil , Deeptha R. , Ajit S. Moni , Gulbake Swapnil
Published: August 2024

This chapter elucidates the pivotal role of cryptography in bolstering cloud security in quantum networking. Beginning with an overview of cloud computing's inherent risks, the authors delve into cryptographic solutions to mitigate these challenges. Encryption techniques, encompassing symmetric and asymmetric algorithms, are examined for safeguarding data both at rest and in transit within cloud environments. Additionally, cryptographic hash functions and digital signatures are explored for ensuring the integrity and authenticity of cloud-stored data. Key management emerges as a critical aspect, and various strategies are discussed for the secure generation, distribution, storage, and revocation of cryptographic keys. In conclusion, comprehending and implementing cryptographic techniques effectively in quantum networking is essential for fortifying cloud environments against evolving security threats. By integrating robust cryptographic mechanisms, organizations can ensure the confidentiality, security, and authenticity of their data in the cloud, thereby fostering trust and resilience in the digital era.
Research on the Clustering of Emotional Elements in Art and Design Based on Visual Language Communication
Authors: Du Xia , Ahmad Shahbaz
Published: August 2024

Since many different emotional expressions can be found in artistic and design compositions, it can be challenging to effectively extract and analyze emotional information from such a wide range of artworks. This study uses deep learning approaches to extract and cluster emotional aspects from art and design works to address this problem. The suggested method uses DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) for clustering and combines the VGG-16 and Bi-LSTM models for feature extraction from images. The suggested approach works better than existing models in extracting emotional information pieces, according to experimental results. With a Macro-F1 assessment score of 0.9241, the suggested technique can efficiently examine emotional inclinations in artistic and design works in practical applications. In conclusion, this study discusses the potential applications of the suggested emotion element extraction and clustering method in the field of emotional analysis in art and design, offering fresh approaches to issues in this area.
Attitude, Facilitators, and Barriers Regarding Physical Activity in Pregnant Women: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mitra Suroshree , Jadhav Padmaja
Published: August 2024

Context:

The benefits of physical activity extend to the mother and the developing child. Pregnant women who are physically active had lower incidence of problems throughout pregnancy and postpartum than pregnant women who are not physically active. It is crucial to have a thorough understanding of women’s attitudes toward childbirth and the factors that affect their involvement in physical activity (influencing factors) since childbirth poses numerous physical, emotional, and practical problems to women and is known to interfere with regular physical exercise.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to study attitude and influencing factors (facilitators and barriers) regarding physical activity in pregnant women.

Setting and Design:

The study design was a cross-sectional observational study.

Methods:

Approval for the current cross-sectional study was taken by the institutional ethical committee. This study was planned for primi gravida from all three trimesters, and high-risk pregnancy was excluded from the study. Participants had filled the self-designed validated questionnaire which consists of six questions regarding attitude and factors which affected the participation in physical activity.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Descriptive analysis.

Results:

Out of 100 participants, 89% had a positive outlook toward physical activity during pregnancy and 91% thought that it is beneficial, 60% of them engage in physical activity on a regular basis. Factors that influenced their participation were mainly social (88%), environmental (45%), and intrapersonal factors (90%).

Conclusion:

Attitude toward physical activity during pregnancy is positive.in-spite of participation in physical activity on a regular basis, however it is limited due to the various influencing factors which act as barriers.
The Effect of Task-oriented Training Combined with Scapular Stabilization Exercises on Paretic Upper Extremity Function in Patient with Stroke: A Case Study
Authors: Priya S. , Haripriya S. , Thaha Amina
Published: August 2024

A stroke (cerebrovascular accident) is the rapid loss of neurological function brought on by an interruption in blood flow to the brain. Over 85% of stroke patients undergo hemiplegia, and more than 69% of them experience an upper limb motor function deficit. In this case report, a 68-year-old male was assessed for stroke; his upper extremity (UE) function was assessed using the manual function test, Fugl-Meyer Assessment UE, and Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) time. The patient underwent a 4-week treatment protocol that included task-oriented training (TOT) and scapular stabilization exercises. Post 4th week there was significant improvemnet observed in the paretic upper extremity (UE) function, that was assessed using manual functional test, Fugl-Meyer Assessment UE, WMFT time scores.
Effect of Bates Method versus Tibetan Eye Chart Exercise on Digital Eye Strain among Students: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Chitra Jeba , Aghav Vaishnavi , Gaonkar Aishwarya , Rajapkar Ajay
Published: August 2024

Context:

Digital eye strain (DES) is a visible growing condition that has increased dramatically during the lockdown period, resulting in early visual impairments.

Aims:

The purpose of this study was to use a standardized computer vision syndrome questionnaire (CVS-Q) to assess the effect of the Bates method and Tibetan Eye Chart Exercise on DES among students.

Settings and Design:

A randomized clinical trial study was conducted at the health-care institution in Belagavi which included students aged between 19 and 25 years.

Subjects and Methods:

A total of 44 students with DES aged between 19 and 25 years were randomly allocated into Groups A and B. Group A was intervened with Bates method, whereas Group B was intervened with Tibetan Eye Chart Exercises for the duration of 3 weeks, 5 days per week followed by postevaluation using Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The statistical analysis for within-group pre- and posttest for Bates method and Tibetan eye chart exercise was done using the Wilcoxon test.

Results:

In Group A, a statistical significant change was observed in components such as burning (P = 0.011), itching (P = 0.002), excessive blinking (P = 0.002), eye pain (P = 0.001), heavy eyelids (P = 0.011), increased sensitivity to light (P = 0.030), and headache (P = 0.001), whereas in Group B, only headache component has shown statistically significant improvement (P = 0.002). In between-group analysis for CVS-Q, both the groups showed statistically significant change with P = 0.001 for Group A and 0.003 for Group B.

Conclusion:

According to the results of this study, the Bates method is more beneficial in reducing DES as compared to Tibetan Eye Chart Exercise.
Relationship of Isokinetic Strength of Ankle Evertors and Invertors with Dynamic Postural Stability in Team Sport Players
Authors: Chaudhary Sarika , Kundu Kajal
Published: August 2024

Background:

Foot stability is essential for performing various dynamic movements in sports. The contribution of ankle dorsiflexors and planter flexors co-contraction in maintenance of postural balance is mainly the focus of previous studies. However, whether there is any role of ankle evertors and invertors in maintaining foot stability while doing dynamic postural tasks is not well studied so far.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to find out if there is a correlation of isokinetic strength of ankle evertors and invertors with dynamic postural stability.

Setting and Design:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Strength Analysis Lab of the university.

Subjects and Methods:

Thirty-five male team sport players (9 – football, 9 – hockey, 9 – basketball, and 8 – volleyball) with mean age: 20.6 ± 1.83 years, body weight: 62.2 ± 8.36 kg, and height: 172.3 ± 8.07 cm were included. Balance was measured with lower quarter-Y-balance test whereas isokinetic strength of ankle evertors and invertors was measured with Biodex dynamometer.

Statistical Analysis:

In the statistical software SPSS, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was applied to check the normality of data. As the data were normally distributed, the relationship between variables was found by Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results:

Isokinetic strength of right ankle invertors was moderately correlated with composite reach of the left limb at 30°/s angular velocity (P= 0.027). Composite reach right limb was moderately correlated with isokinetic strength of the right ankle evertors at 30° and 60°/s angular velocities (P= 0.043 and 0.022). Composite reach of the right limb was moderately correlated with isokinetic strength of right ankle invertors at 60° and 90°/s angular velocities (P= 0.046 and 0.046).

Conclusion:

Isokinetic strength of ankle evertors and invertor is significantly related to dynamic postural stability and should be included in fitness programs, especially for injury prevention and to improve dynamic postural stability.
Challenges, Perceptions, and Experiences of Recently Graduated Physiotherapists as Novice Clinicians in Mumbai and Navi Mumbai: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Ramkrishna Kini Raveena , Prabhakaran Nair Shruti , Prashant Panhale Vrushali
Published: August 2024

Context:

There is a need for exploration of the varied experiences which the newly graduated physiotherapists have after starting to work as clinicians, to get an insight if any alternations during the academic process.

Aims:

The study aims to explore the challenges, perceptions, and experiences of recently graduated Indian physiotherapy students as novice clinicians when they step out in the real world.

Settings and Design:

It was an exploratory study where 42 recently graduated physiotherapists from colleges affiliated to state health sciences university of Mumbai and Navi-Mumbai practicing for minimum 4 h a day, at least 2 months were included.

Subjects and Methods:

An indigenous questionnaire consisting of five domains, namely cognitive and psychomotor, preparedness, work and time management, communication, and placement experiences were developed. Following validation and pilot testing, the final questionnaire was sent to participants through Google form links.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data were analyzed descriptively.

Results:

Majority of participants felt the need to do post-graduation to treat the patients more effectively (90.47%, n = 38), felt the need to practice manual therapy (73.81%, n = 31), referred to literature for patient management (66.67%, n = 28), had poor placement experiences (68.1%, n = 22), and perceived difficulty in communication with the multidisciplinary team members (50%, n = 21). However, they felt confident in interpreting the investigations of the patients (76.1%, n = 32), correlating it with the patient’s condition (78.5%, n = 33) and also to manage the workload and documentation in time (66.3%, n = 27).

Conclusions:

This study gave an insight into the varied experiences of the new graduates as novice practitioners, thereby setting benchmark for academicians to plan a robust graduation and internship training program.
Artificial Intelligence Application on Aircraft Maintenance: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Agustian Erna Shevilia , Pratama Zastra Alfarezi
Published: August 2024

Maintenance is an essential aspect of supporting aircraft operations. However, there are still several obstacles and challenges in the process, such as incomplete technical record data, irregular maintenance schedules, unscheduled component replacement, unavailability of tools or components, recurring problems, and a long time for troubleshooting. Digitalization and the massive use of artificial intelligence (AI) in various sectors have been widely carried out in the industry 5.0 era today, especially in the aviation industry. It offers several advantages to optimize aircraft maintenance and operations, such as predictive maintenance, fault detection, failure diagnosis, and intelligent monitoring systems. The utilization of AI has the potential to solve obstacles and challenges in aircraft maintenance activities, such as improving aircraft reliability, reducing aircraft downtime, improving safety, and reducing maintenance costs. This research uses the Systematic Literature Review method, which aims to review and provide an understanding of objectives, strategies, methods, and equipment objects involved in the application of AI in aircraft maintenance and repair scope. The findings and understanding from this research can be used as a basis for utilizing or adopting AI in aircraft maintenance to be more targeted and efficient in the future. This study reviews and presents research trends from reputable journals and proceedings screened using a unique protocol.
Differential proteomic expression in non-functional pituitary neuroendocrine tumours and pituitary glands
Authors: Candy N G , Ramezanpour M , Bouras G , Chegeni N , Chataway T , Ormsby R J , Jukes A K , Vreugde S , Wormald P-J , Psaltis A J
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs) are common accounting for 10 to 25 % of all intracranial tumours. This project describes the feasibility of developing a novel membrane-based biomarker that could be used for fluorescent guided surgery. The aim was to catalogue the differential expression of membrane proteins between non-functional PitNETs and pituitary glands. Methodology: Ten pituitary gland tissue specimens were obtained from the National Institute of Health (NIH) NeuroBio- Bank and twenty non-functional PitNETs were obtained from the Northwestern University Nervous System Tumour Bank. Mass spectrometry analysis using an Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid Mass Spectrometer linked to a Dionex Ultimate 3000 UPLC system was undertaken. Data Dependent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry and Data Independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry was then completed. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed using clusterProfiler v4.6.0. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted using Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways. Results: Differential expression analysis between the two groups revealed a total of 2110 significant differently expressed proteins (DEPs), with 1387 of these also having a Log2 fold change either greater than 1, or less than -1. Of the 2110 DEPs, 925 were upregulated in tumours compared to control, while 1185 were downregulated. Conclusion: We have demonstrated a proteomic comparison between non-functional PitNETs and normal pituitary glands. These results demonstrate differences consistent with contemporary literature but shows that NOTCH3 and PTPRJ are up-regulated in non-functional PitNETs compared to pituitary glands
An iterative method for solving one class of non-linear integral equations
with Nemytskii operator on the positive semi-axis
Authors: Khachatryan Khachatur Aghavardovich , Petrosyan Haykanush Samvelovna
Published: August 2024

A class of non-linear integral equations with monotone Nemytskii operator on
the positive semi-axis is considered. This class of integral equations appears in many areas of
modern natural science. In particular, such equations, with various restrictions on non-linearity
and the kernel, arise in the dynamic theory of $p$-adic strings for the scalar field of
tachyons, in the kinetic theory of gases and plasma within the framework of the usual and
modified non-linear Bhatnagar-Gross-Crook models for the Boltzmann kinetic equation.
Equations of similar nature appear also in the non-linear radiative transfer theory in
inhomogeneous media and in the mathematical theory of the spread of epidemic diseases
within the framework of the modified Diekmann-Kaper model. A constructive theorem for
the existence of a bounded positive and continuous solution is proved. As a result, we get
a uniform estimate of the difference between the previous and subsequent iterations,
the corresponding successive approximations converge uniformly to a bounded continuous solution to
the equation. The asymptotic behaviour of the constructed solution at
infinity is studied. In particular, it is proved that the limit of this solution at infinity exists and is positive,
and is uniquely determined from a certain characteristic equation. It is also proved that
the difference between the limit and the solution is a summable function on the positive
semi-axis. Using some geometric estimates for convex and concave functions, and employing
the theorem on integral asymptotics obtained here, we prove the
uniqueness of the solution in a certain subclass of non-negative non-trivial continuous and
bounded functions. The results obtained are also applied to the study of a special class of
non-linear Urysohn type integral equations on the positive semi-axis. In particular, the
existence of a positive bounded solution to this class of equations is verified, and some
qualitative properties of the constructed solution are studied. We also give
specific applied examples of the corresponding kernels and non-linearities
to illustrate the importance of the results obtained.
Investigating the effects of social media on mental health and well-being amongst undergraduate students of University of Ilorin
Authors: Oloyede Muhtahir , Oloyede Waliyat , Awwal Arimiyahu Muhammad , Balogun Naeem , Olabemiwo Daniel , Owolabi Bilkis
Published: August 2024

Social media is a versatile platform that facilitates connection, communication, knowledge sharing, and business activities among people. Despite its benefits, it has notable downsides, especially prevalent among the youth. Hence, this study focuses on investigating the effects of social media on undergraduate students at the University of Ilorin. Furthermore, the research investigated the relationship between social media use and mental health well-being, examining diverse digital behaviours across students within the different faculties. It highlights the mental health challenges linked to social media, such as stress, anxiety, and depression, while identifying specific platforms with significant impacts on mental well-being. The study also acknowledged the positive aspects of online interactions, emphasizing the support and sense of belonging they offer. This study advocates for improved focus on student mental health while evaluating mental health resources provided by the University of Ilorin, aiming to enhance support for digital natives and recommend strategies for a comprehensive understanding of this intricate relationship.
Production, proximate, antioxidants and sensory properties of bread incorporated with Green Coffee (Arabica spp) Beans powder
Authors: Dawi A.W. , Tahir Z.H. , Adebiyi O.A. , Alalade O. M. , Adejumo B.M. , Abubakar N.A. , Abubakar U , Abdulrasheed A.A , Gambo M.A. , Balumi Z.M.
Published: August 2024

Coffee and coffee based products have received tremendous attention in formulation of food products due to its significant polyphenols and antioxidants content. Coffee and coffee based products provide dietary sources such as; phenolic acid and polyphenols due to the presence of antioxidant compounds which contributes towards mood enhancing, increase alertness, weight loss, antihypertensive and anti-cancer precursors / properties. This paper aims at the production of coffee based bread that can be used as functional food. The results of the findings show that coffee based bread has a high ash content (2.64 %), fibre (1.15 %) and carbohydrates (65.06 %) content when compared with the control sample which has 1.18 % ash, 0.15 % crude fibre and 49.96% carbohydrates. While, a significant decrease was noticeable in moisture content (27.75 to 19.40 %), protein (11.95 to 6.24 %) and fat (8.98 to 5.51 %) with an increase in coffee bean. The result of antioxidants value showed a slight decrease in ferric reducing power (FRP) (μg/100mL), and Di-Phenyl-Picryl-Hydrazyl (DPPH) while total phenolic content (TPC) indicates a significant increase. The results of the sensory attributes of the coffee base bread showed that at high proportion of coffee inclusion, the bread was must preferred by the panelist in sample WFG20 (7.93) and WFG16 (7.00) for appearance, taste WFG20 (8.27), texture WFG20 (7.67) mouth feel (8.07) and the overall acceptability (8.13) whereas, sample WFG4 was least preferred by the panelists in all the parameters evaluated. This implies that inclusion of coffee does not only improves the nutritional quality but also gives high appeal to consumers. It can be concluded that fortification of bread (food) using Green Coffee Bean powder (GCB) would help improve health and wellness as well as the consumers appeal.
Effects of the urban runoff on fish in the Ikpoba River: heavy metal contamination and brain pathology
Authors: Ozekeke Ogbeide , Chidera Kanu-Orji
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the ecological impact of urban runoff on fish fauna in Ikpoba River, Benin City, Nigeria. In particular, we focused on heavy-metal contamination and its effects on brain tissue pathology. During a three-month period (June–August 2023), water, sediment, and fish samples were collected from two locations with varying effluent attributes. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry was employed to determine the heavy metal concentrations (Cr, Co, Cd, Ni, and Pb) in the samples. Our findings revealed fluctuating heavy metal levels in the water and sediment samples. Notably, Ni exhibited the highest concentration in the sediment during July. The brain tissues of Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia 279illi demonstrated metal accumulation, with Nickel, Chromium, and Cobalt being prevalent. Histopathological analysis indicated progressive changes, including mononuclear exudates in the granular layer of the brain tissues of C. gariepinus by August, suggesting an inflammatory response. Urban runoff has emerged as a significant source of heavy metal pollution in the Ikpoba River, leading to bioaccumulation in fish and alterations in the brain tissue. Comprehensive monitoring and management strategies are crucial for mitigating the impact of runoff on aquatic ecosystems and safeguarding fish and human health. These results provide valuable insights into effective water resource management policies and enhance our understanding of the effects of urban pollution on freshwater environments.
A survey of major constraints associated with sugarcane production in Northern Guinea Savannah Region of Nigeria
Authors: Yahaya A. , Zongoma A. M. , Yahaya F. , Mijinyawa A. , Ismail F. , Dangora D. B.
Published: August 2024

Sugarcane, Saccharum officinarum family Poaceae, is a perennial grass grown for its stem (cane) which is primarily used to produce sucrose. Three landraces: purple, white and green cane are mainly cultivated by commercial farmers in Northern Guinea Savannah region (NGS) of Nigeria. Survey was conducted to determine the cropping system, viruses as well as other abnormalities associated with sugarcane fields in Kaduna, Kano and Katsina states across the northern guinea savannah region of Nigeria. Eighty three percent (83%) of growers interviewed practice monocropping while the remaining intercropped sugarcane with maize, sorghum, pepper and tomato for economic reasons. Sugarcane is grown via seed cane rather than ratoon by 80 % of growers because ratoon harbors more diseases and requires more fertilizer. Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV); Potyvirus, Sugarcane chlorotic streak virus (SCSV), Maize streak virus (MSV); mastrevirus and Maize yellow mosaic virus (MaYMV); polerovirus are the viruses diagnosed infecting and causing yield losses in sugarcane in the surveyed regions. Potyvirus (SCMV) recorded the highest disease prevalence of 64% followed by mastrevirus (MSV and SCSV). Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) was not detected in the areas surveyed. Another important disease naturally infecting sugarcane in the surveyed region is smut disease caused by a fungal pathogen, Sporisorium scitamineum. Insect pests associated with sugarcane fields include aphids, leafhoppers, grasshoppers and termites. Rats and millipede infestation were also recorded, inadequate irrigation facilities, poor extension services to farmers and theft were reported as additional problems to sugarcane cultivation in the regions.
Exploring the Potential of Natural Materials in Water Treatment
Authors: Akinmusere Oluwaseun , Fakorede Ebenezer
Published: August 2024

The impending water scarcity crisis due to the growing population, industrialization, and climate change has prompted the need for sustainable and cost-effective water purification methods. Traditional coagulants such as aluminium sulphate and ferric chloride involve unsustainable mining practices and costly sludge disposal. This has led to the exploration of natural coagulants as a more environmentally friendly alternative. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, compiling information from 57 articles on the use of natural coagulants in water treatment. Natural coagulants are seen as advantageous due to their ready availability, affordability, and minimal pollution risks. These materials, which include plant-based materials, minerals, and microorganisms, have shown promising results in water purification processes. Natural coagulants function through an adsorption process involving polymeric bridging or charge neutralization. They have been found to be highly effective in removing pollutants from water. For example, certain fungi species like Aspergillus and Trametes have demonstrated removal efficiencies exceeding 80%, while zeolites have shown impressive removal capacities within a range of 10 to 5000 mg/L concentration. Overall, natural coagulants offer a sustainable and efficient solution for water treatment processes. They are biodegradable, non-toxic, eco-friendly, and generate lower sludge volumes compared to chemical coagulants. By utilizing natural materials for water purification, we can mitigate the environmental impact of conventional coagulants and ensure the availability of clean water for future generations.
Numerical Simulation of the Harmonic Oscillator Differential Equation Using Finite Difference Schemes
Authors: Obayomi Adesoji , Salaudeen Lukman , Aderinto Yidiat
Published: August 2024

In this study, we have developed a new type of finite difference scheme using dynamically renormalized denominator functions and trigonometric and exponential interpolating functions. These schemes show local stability, convergence, and consistency. The model provides an improved numerical scheme for the Harmonic Oscillator Differential Equation. Additionally, we compared the new model with a previous discrete model for the Harmonic equation and also confirmed the suitability of the new schemes for the numerical simulation of the tested problems.
A Framework for a Game Theoretic Model for Cyber Treats Prevention
Authors: Adisa Solagbade P. , Akanbi Caleb O. , Ogundoyin Ibrahim K.
Published: August 2024

The dynamic nature of cyber treats presents formidable challenges in thwarting and managing cyberspace. Conventional security measures often lag-behind swiftly evolving tactics employed by cybercriminals, necessitating a more proactive approach. This paper introduces a framework that advocates for the integration of game theory models to introduce strategies for preventing cyber threats. The framework explores how attackers and defenders interact in cyber fields using ideas from noncooperative non-zero-sum game theory and linear algebra. By comprehensively analyzing and modeling the decision-making processes of both parties, it becomes possible to implement proactive measures that fortify cybersecurity defense. Two distinct performance metrics—residual energy and success rate—were used to assess the model's effectiveness. The results show that, under realistic assumptions, the developed model achieved an excellent success rate of 99.65% and better residual energy compared to three other fixed-strategy defense systems. This implies that a noncooperative non-zero-sum approach can used to improve the system's defense against cyber threats.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses in the prevention of nosocomial infection among in-patients in UNIOSUN teaching hospital, Osogbo
Authors: Adeniyi V.A. , Akinwale O.D. , Akinbowale B.T. , Folami R.O. , Ajao J.S.
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Nosocomial infection is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among inpatients in the hospital and  constitutes a serious public health risk that impacts millions of people worldwide. Adopting infection prevention techniques has the  greatest potential to significantly lower the population's risk and incidence of Nosocomial Infection, especially in healthcare systems with  limited resources. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses toward the prevention of  Nosocomial Infection.
Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional research design. Reliability was done through pilot testing,  face and content validity of the instrument were done. The study was carried out among one hundred and ninety-five (195) Nurses  working in UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osun State, Nigeria between July and October 2023. An adapted questionnaire was used for data  collection and data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequencies and percentages while inferential statistics of chi- square was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance.
Results: The result showed that 86% of the respondents had good  knowledge, 53.1% had negative attitudes and 84% had poor practices of prevention of nosocomial infection. The study also revealed no  significant relationship between demographic characteristics of age, gender, marital status, religion, ethnicity, years of experience, ward/ unit, professional rank, and knowledge of nosocomial infection. Also, no statistically significant relationship between knowledge and  practice of prevention of 2 nosocomial infection (x =0.231, df = 1, and p=value > 0.05).
Conclusion: This study therefore concluded that  there existed adequate level of knowledge but negative attitude and poor practice in the prevention of nosocomial infection among  nurses. Also, there is a need for proper in-service training for nurses and midwives, as well as provision of adequate resources for  effective practices of nosocomial infection prevention within the hospital.
Platelet count can be used to determine the severity of oesophageal varices
Authors: Okonkwo K.C. , Olokoba A.B. , Bojuwoye O.M. , Aliyu A.M.
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Variceal haemorrhage is one of the most devastating consequences of portal hypertension. The risk of bleeding increases  with severity of varices. It is important to see if there are parameters that can noninvasively predict severity of varices as endoscopy has  some limitations.
Aims and Objectives: This study sought to determine if platelet count can be used to determine the severity of oesophageal varices in a  low resource setting.
Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, in which 79 patients with chronic liver disease and upper  gastrointestinal endoscopy diagnosed varices were recruited consecutively to participate in the study. Blood sample for platelet  count was taken from each patient. A proforma was used to document the demographic parameters as well as grade of varices and  platelet count. The ability of platelet count to determine severity of oesophageal varices was assessed. Test of association between  platelet count groups and grades of varices was carried out using the Chi-Square Test. Test of correlation between platelet count and  grades of varices was carried out using the Spearman's coefficient.
Result: A total of 79 subjects were recruited into the study. Test of  correlation between platelet count and grades of varices was statistically significant (ñ value: -0.783; p value: 0.001. There was a  statistically significant difference in the median platelet count and grade of varices (p=<0.0001).
Conclusion: Platelet count, a simple,  cheap and available investigation, can be used as a non-invasive predictor of severity of varices in resource poor settings with limited  endoscopy services.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BERBAHASA ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN MELALUI METODE CERITA BERGAMBAR DI TK KRISTEN EMAUS BATU BUIL
Authors: Erni Afrista Efata , Kartini Kartini , Mukhlisin Mukhlisin
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi dengan ditemukan bahwa kesulitan anak menyampaikan pikiran dalam bentuk bahasa lisan. Hal tersebut dapat diketahui dengan adanya anak kurang fokus dan banyak diam pada saat pembelajaran dimulai. Dalam metode cerita bergambar pada anak usia 5-6 tahun sangat penting di terapkan agar anak dapat melaksanakan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berbahasa anak usia 5-6 tahun melalui metode cerita bergambar di TK Kristen Emaus Batu Buil.Jenis Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu anak yang berusia 5-6 tahun di TK Kristen Emaus Batu Buil. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data dengan triagulasi teknik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pembelajaran melalui metode cerita bergambar di TK Kristen Emaus Batu Buil diperoleh bahwa hasil analisis kemampuan berbahasa anak usia 5-6 tahun menunjukkan tingkat pencapaian anak berkembang sesuai harapan. Kata kunci: kemampuan berbahasa, cerita bergambar
Quality Assessment of Creating Interlingual Pre-Recorded Subtitles for the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (SDH): The LOT Model
Authors: Abu-Rayyash Hussein , Al-Ramadan Raeda
Published: August 2024

There is a lack of quality assessment models designed specifically for interlingual pre-recorded subtitles for the deaf and hard-of-hearing (SDH), as existing models focus primarily on live subtitling and intralingual respeaking, highlighting the need to address the diverse linguistic, visual, and technical quality expectations of SDH viewers. This study aims to develop and validate a quality assessment model explicitly tailored for interlingual pre-recorded SDH by proposing the Linguistic, Orthotypographic, and Technical (LOT) model and empirically testing it against established assessment frameworks using a sample of 900 Arabic-English subtitles across diverse genres through quantitative comparative analysis examining intercoder reliability, average quality scores, and correlations between models. The findings demonstrate that the specialized LOT model designed for pre-recorded SDH yields markedly higher intercoder reliability and average quality scores compared to general subtitle assessment models, suggesting strong alignment with the multidimensional quality needs of the target SDH audience; the development and validation of this model represents a pivotal advancement toward comprehensive quality evaluation tailored to interlingual pre-recorded SDH, where adoption in professional subtitling and training practices may enhance accessibility, inclusion, and overall viewing experience for deaf and hard-of-hearing media consumers.
The Impact Of Media On Youth In Shillong: A Socio-Cultural And Linguistic Perspective
Authors: Dkhar Gordon D.
Published: August 2024

The rapid development of communication and mass media has broadened the scope of interconnectedness and globalization among the world's nations and cultures. These interconnections have ushered a network of intercultural and linguistic contact among users of different lifestyles, as featured in the media. As media is often cited in the literature as a powerful tool that shapes and influences public opinion and behavior, the cultures of advanced and developed nations tend to be the model that influences underdeveloped and developing nations to converge into a mass culture. However, this is not without its consequences. This study explores the consequences of media influence on the youth in the local setting of Shillong, the state capital of Meghalaya, India. In particular, as a preliminary investigation, it attempts to survey the impact of popular culture on the Khasi youths in Shillong and to evaluate the influence of media broadcasts on the socio-psychological aspect of language choice appropriated by the Khasi youths. A total of 100 Khasi youth participants aged 16-30 years, both male and female, were included in the study. Our findings demonstrate that Khasi youths in Shillong tend to associate themselves with trending forms and ideologies indoctrinated through media stereotypes. This has resulted in a departure from traditional conservatism as they integrate into an identity of ‘sub-cultural’ construction. Furthermore, English among the many alternative languages in media broadcast was found to be positively favoured by the Khasis youths in Shillong due to its relative scope, extensive communicative value, and utility compared to other languages.
A contrastive analysis of frequently used idioms in English and Albanian
Authors: Çanta Agnesa , Husaj Leonora
Published: August 2024

Idioms constitute one of the most fascinating elements of a language, therefore, there is an extensive body of research concerning their use and function, particularly from a cross-linguistic perspective. The present study aims at providing a picture of frequently used idioms in English and Albanian, thus helping non-native speakers of the respective languages to understand them better and use them accurately in any communicative situation. It presents a contrastive analysis based on three types of equivalence, namely full equivalence, partial equivalence, and non-equivalence. The corpus of idioms used for analysis derives from the main dictionaries of idioms in both English and Albanian. Common European heritage, as well as the impact of English as the lingua franca of our days, accounts for a considerable number of idioms in both languages that display full (semantic and lexical) equivalence. There are also many frequently used idioms that display partial equivalence, most likely because of specific features of each of the languages with regard to their grammatical and lexical systems as well as the different cultural and social backgrounds. Consequently, both English and Albanian also make use of idioms that are not lexicalized in the respective languages precisely because of the different mindsets resulting from the impact of the said cultural, social, and linguistic factors.
Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Program Bantuan Operasional Sekolah (BOS) Di MTS Al–Badriyah Cisaat
Authors: Aam Ammar Halim  , Moh. Fikri Dulyani  , Robi Mahludin
Published: August 2024

This research was conducted because several problems were found in the implementation of the Bantuan Operasional Sekolah (BOS) at MTs Al-Badriyah Cisaat Sukabumi which was not optimal. The purpose of this study was to identify outputs, policies, and procedures in the implementation of the programme. This research used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods, collecting data through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data validation was conducted through triangulation (techniques, sources, and time) and analysed using reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. The informants consisted of 4 people who were selected by purposive sampling and snowball sampling. The results showed that the implementation of the BOS Programme at MTs Al-Badriyah Cisaat was still hampered by human resources and management that was not optimal.
Safety Assessment on the Safety and Efficacy of a Feed Additive Consisting of Sodium Bisulphate for All Animal Species Except Aquatic Animals (RP1612)
Authors: Food Standards Agency  , Food Standards Scotland
Published: August 2024

An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency in July 2022 from Grillo-Werke AG and Jones-Hamilton Co. (‘the applicant’) for a renewal authorisation of the additive containing sodium bisulphate, under the category ‘technological additive’, functional group ‘preservative’ for all terrestrial animal species, and ‘technological additive’, functional group ‘acidity regulator’ for all terrestrial animal species other than cats, mink, pets and other non-food-producing animals. In addition, the applicant requested an authorisation of new use of the additive under the category ‘technological additive’, functional group ‘acidity regulator’ and ‘sensory additive’, functional group ‘flavouring compound’ for all pets and other non-food-producing animals except aquatic animals.

The EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP Panel) concluded that sodium bisulphate remains safe for all terrestrial animal species, consumers of products from animals fed the additive and the environment, under the conditions of authorisation.

The additive is a skin, eye and respiratory tract irritant and should be considered as a respiratory and skin sensitiser.

The FEEDAP Panel concluded that using the additive as an acidity regulator and sensory additive for pets and other non-food-producing animals, excluding aquatic species, would not introduce any new risks and has the potential to be efficacious.

FSA/FSS has reviewed the applicant’s renewal and extension of use application, supporting documentation, and other regulators risk assessments, most notably the EFSA risk assessment opinion and consider sufficient evidence has been demonstrated to conclude without further questions or risk assessment. This document represents the opinion of the FSA and FSS.