bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applying a Systems Thinking Approach to the Experience of Self-Study for Institutional Accreditation
Authors:   , Walton Alaina Vasta , Chavez Jose
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this research was to explore the experiences of self-study steering committee members and workgroups as they navigated the process for institutional accreditation. Viewed through the theoretical framework of sense of community theory, this qualitative phenomenological research study sought to examine the ways in which the self-study process can be viewed as an instrument for promoting development and growth within the institution. In particular, this research sought to answer the following questions: (1) How do university faculty, staff, and administrators describe their experience with participating in self-study for accreditation? (2) What benefits do participants describe, both for themselves and for the institution, regarding their experience with the self-study process? (3) How do the criteria described in sense of community theory contribute to the experienced benefits of self-study? Semi-structured interviews and focus groups recorded the experiences of 11 university administrators, faculty, and staff who participated in the university's most recent self-study for accreditation. The findings of this study may be used to explore the ways in which the self-study process can benefit an institution both during accreditation and once accreditation has been completed.
İki Farklı Lisede Öğrenim Gören Öğrencilerin Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi: Bir Karşılaştırma Çalışması
Authors: ALTUNBAŞ Nermin , ALTUNBAŞ Çetin
Published: November 2022

Amaç: İki farklı lisede öğrenim gören öğrencilerin sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeylerini karşılaştırmaktır.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı araştırma türünde olan araştırmanın örneklemini iki farklı lisede öğrenim gören 220 öğrenci oluşturdu. Veriler, “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Türkiye Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği-32” ile çevrimiçi olarak toplandı. Veriler SPSS 21 ile değerlendirildi, yanılma düzeyi 0,05 alındı.

Bulgular: Düz lise öğrencilerinin Türkiye Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği puan ortalaması 29,64; sağlık ağırlıklı lise öğrencilerinin ölçek puan ortalaması 34,84’dü. Öğrencilerin ölçek puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p=0,000). Düz lise öğrencilerinin %54,9’u “sorunlu-sınırlı sağlık okuryazarlığı”; sağlık ağırlıklı lise öğrencilerinin %30,8’i “yeterli sağlık okuryazarlığı” indeksindeydi. Öğrencilerin okullarına göre sağlık okuryazarlığı indeksleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p=0,000). Öğrencilerin sağlık okuryazarlığı ile tedavi ve hizmet, hastalıklardan korunma/sağlığın geliştirilmesi boyutları arasında pozitif yönlü, yüksek düzeyde anlamlı ilişki vardı (p
ÜÇLÜ SORUMLULUK AÇIKLAMALARININ KAZANÇ YÖNETİMİ UYGULAMALARI ÜZERİNDE KISITLAYICI ROLÜ VAR MIDIR?
Authors: ENSARİ ALPAY Elif , VARICI İdris
Published: November 2022

Her geçen gün özellikle borsada işlem gören işletmeler açısından raporlama içeriklerinin zenginleştiği böylece gönüllü açıklamaların genişletildiği görülmektedir. Kamuya açıklanan bu tür bilgiler sorumluluk bağlamında değerlendirilerek işletmelerin şeffaf ve hesap verebilir olduğunu gösterirken zorunlu olarak hazırlayıp sundukları finansal tablo bilgilerinin de manipüle edilmeden güvenilir ve şeffaf bir şekilde sunmaları beklenmektedir. Nitekim bu araştırmada işletmelerin üçlü sorumluluk açıklamaları seviyelerinin finansal tablo bilgilerinin manipüle edilmesini belirli bir düzeyde sınırlandırabileceği varsayımı altında analizler yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, işletmelerin çevre konulu açıklamalarının seviyesi arttıkça kazanç yönetimi uygulama ihtimalinin azalacağı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca işletmenin sermayesinin az sayıda ortak elinde bulundurmasının ve BİST Kurumsal Yönetim Endeksi’nde (XKURY) olmasının kazanç yönetimi uygulama ihtimali üzerindeki etkisinin negatif ve anlamlı olduğu; öte yandan aktif karlılık oranının kazanç yönetimi uygulama ihtimalini pozitif ve anlamlı düzeyde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
The Role of Material Technologies Targeting P. Aeruginosa and S. Aureus Quorum Sensing in Biofilm Formation
Authors: Bevers Raymond , Voort Max , Loo Inge , Geurts Jan , Arts Jacobus
Published: November 2022

Periprosthetic joint infections are a major complication after total joint arthroplasty. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are of great clinical concern, due to high antibiotic resistance, which is even increased when they form a biofilm on the implant surface. In this qualitative systematic review based on the PRISMA statement, biofilm formation of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was studied, with a particular emphasis on the role of quorum sensing (QS). Treatment of infection by these bacteria by regulation or inhibition of the QS system via material technology was also reviewed. Pubmed, Google Scholar and Embase were searched. Articles were selected on their titles and use of the English language. All abstracts of the remaining articles were judged on the quality of the article, and fit with the scope of the review. This led to a selection of 62 articles, which consisted of 29 research articles and 33 reviews. In P. aeruginosa different QS systems are present in a hierarchal structure. These QS systems play an important role for formation of virulence factors and polymeric substances used in biofilm formation. In S. aureus, QS regulates biofilm dispersal, but not biofilm formation. Different treatments, either preventative by inhibiting biofilm formation or curative by biofilm dispersal are described in the literature. Combinations of QS inhibitors (QSI) and either antibiotics or metallic (nano)particles showed most promise in biofilm inhibition. QSI’s and other biofilm inhibitors are only under preclinical investigation. Furthermore, QS has different functions in different bacteria, and treatment using QSI’s are not suitable for every infection. While this makes QSI therapy unfit as an alternative to antibiotics, QSI’s in combination with antibiotics can be a potent strategy to prevent biofilm formation.
Development of a Low Cost, Renewable Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Skills Trainer (ESSST)
Authors: Leary Ryan , Feintuch Joshua , Feintuch Jeremy , Akbar Nadeem , Abuzeid Waleed , Levy I. , Gibber Marc
Published: November 2022

While otolaryngology (ORL) bootcamps are being increasingly utilized for resident education, many simulators are prohibitively expensive or complicated to construct. We constructed and validated a novel low cost and low fidelity endoscopic sinus surgery skills trainer (ESSST). After construction, participants were divided into 3 groups based on endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) experience. The study participants were asked to perform 3 tasks. Their performance was videotaped and subsequently blindly evaluated by two rhinologists. Each task was scored based on performance and economy of motion using a standard scoring sheet. A one-way ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey Tests were used to determine if there was a significant difference in performance of the 3 groups. The data suggests that skill and experience with ESS directly translates to the simulator, supporting that the ESSST is low cost, validated, renewable and a useful adjunct to higher fidelity simulators.
Characterizing the Pattern of Metastasis Based on Molecular Subtype in Breast Cancer Among Nigerian Women (Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes and Metastasis in Nigerian Women)
Authors: Ayandipo Omobolaji , Ajao Anuoluwapo , Olagunju Naomi , Ajagbe Oluwasanmi , Fakoya Adegbolahan , Obajimi Gbolahan
Published: November 2022

Background: Breast cancer subtypes are often used as therapeutic and prognostic measures; however, it is unclear whether there is an association between molecular subtypes and site-specific metastasis. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between molecular subtypes and developing metastasis in specific sites. Methods: We selected 118 breast cancer patients with immunohistochemistry confirmed molecular subtype diagnosed in 2020 and 2021 at the Department of Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan. We classified the molecular subtypes into four categories, HR+/HER2-, HR-/HER2+, HR+/HER2+, and triple negative (HR-/HER2-). The different sites of metastasis of interest were lungs, liver, brain, and bone. We used the chi-square test to determine the proportions and significance of the subtypes based on the different sites assessed. Results: According to our study, 45.50%, 18.20%, and 36.40% of patients presented with lungs, liver, and other (multiple organs and contralateral breast) metastasis respectively. Additionally, HR+/HER2- and TNBC patients developed metastasis at a higher rate and account for a combined 90.10% of all metastases (the site-specific distribution was even between both subtypes). Conclusion: Overall, while there are limitations in our study based on sample size, our data shows that some molecular subtypes are associated with a higher risk of metastasis. Additionally, while not significant in our study, breast cancer subtypes are associated with different metastatic sites.
Evaluation of Outcomes in Patients Receiving Modafinil to Improve Alertness after Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Borghol Amne , Jamero Dana , Ahmed Fahamina , Hadgu Rim , Wilson Candice , Fabre’-LaCoste Nicole , Dinh Ann , Thompson Jayla , Castro Mikee , Paudyal Amid , Corvers Emily , Iwuchukwu Ifeanyi , Onor IfeanyiChukwu
Published: November 2022

Background: Modafinil is used for improving wakefulness associated with narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea, and shift work sleep disorder. The goal of this study is to evaluate alertness and participation in physical therapy and occupational therapy in patients with a first-time diagnosis of traumatic brain injury using modafinil. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, chart review, cohort study of Ochsner Medical Center patients from January 2016 to December 2018. Patients included in the study were 18 years of age or older who were hospitalized due to a traumatic brain injury and received modafinil either by mouth, nasogastric, or enteral feeding tube to help improve alertness. The primary outcome is the change in Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score from baseline to 72 hours after initiating modafinil. Results: One-hundred and Forty patients were included with a mean age of 67.8 years and 59.3% were male. The majority of the patients (52.9 %) were predominantly patients who suffered ischemic stroke. The mean change in GCS score in 72 hours was +0.35 (95% CI [-0.16, 0.88], p=0.177). One of the secondary endpoints was the mean change in course of therapy GCS score which showed significant improvement in neurological function after initiation of modafinil: +1.22 (95% CI [0.64, 1.80], p=0.0001). The percent physical therapy/occupational therapy (PT/OT) session participation at 72-hour post-modafinil initiation was 96.7% compared to 95.7% during the course of therapy. The correlation between increase in GCS score and percent PT/OT therapy session participation was analyzed at 72 hours and throughout the course of therapy, which revealed no significant association (r=0.14 [p=0.0911] and -0.06 [p=0.4881], respectively). Conclusion: Our study did not find a significant increase in the mean change of GCS score at 72 hours of modafinil use. Although, there were high percentage of patients participated in PT/OT in 72 hours and course of therapy (96.7% and 95.7%), there was no significant statistical correlation between increase in GCS score and PT/OT participation. Randomized studies are needed to further assess the impact of modafinil for treating traumatic brain injury associated sleep-wake disturbances while considering factors such as medication initiation time, appropriate dosage, GCS score, and long-term outcomes.
Rationale for Expanding the Use of Low-Dose Aspirin for Primary Cardiovascular Prevention during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Siegel Arthur
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has decreased life-expectancy in the United States in 2021, causing over one million deaths especially in elderly persons with medical co-morbidities. While now waning, this epidemic continues to cause more than 500 fatalities per week mostly in individuals over70 years of age who are unvaccinated. Since viral epidemics have been shown to increase mortality due to atherosclerotic coronary heart disease and low-dose aspirin has been shown to reduce first myocardial infarctions by 44%, we recommend consideration of expanding the use of aspirin for primary cardiovascular prevention to reduce the cardiac morbidity and excess mortality associated with COVID-19 infections. Such aspirin use may be seen as especially appropriate for vulnerable elderly persons who qualify for treatment with Paxlovid (ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir) but are currently excluded for such in primary prevention guidelines of subspecialty societies. The rationale for this approach is further supported by recent proof of concept that vaccination, an alternative intervention for primary cardiovascular prevention, reduces the excess mortality associated with COVID-19 infection. Can greater use of aspirin for primary cardiovascular prevention mitigate the excess cardiac mortality associated with COVID-19 as shown with prior viral epidemics 1-3? Recommendations from the 2019 ACC/AHA and 2021 ESC guidelines currently advise limited aspirin use for primary prevention except in persons aged 40 to 59 years with elevated ASCVD risk scores (10-year risk ≥10%) and for those aged 60 to 69 years only with risk ≥20% in the context of no excess risk of bleeding (Figure 1) 4,5. These guidelines have been endorsed by the United States Preventive Services Task Force, which acknowledge that low-dose aspirin in the primary prevention setting reduces the risk of major atherosclerotic cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke offset by an increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding 7,8. Currently endorsed guidelines specifically recommend against aspirin use in individuals at age 70 and beyond.
A Cancer Proliferation Gene Signature Supervised by Ki-67 Strata Specific to Luminal A, Estrogen Receptor-Positive, and HER2-Negative Ductal Carcinomas
Authors: Chen Youdinghuan
Published: November 2022

Clinically determined Ki-67 is a well-established marker for assessing proliferation potential in breast and other cancers. However, Ki-67 and the recommended thresholds for clinical decision-making vary systematically across breast cancer subtypes. In this study, an analysis of published gene expression data against Ki-67 in ER+/HER2- and Luminal A ductal carcinomas identified 127 of 14,997 protein-coding genes (elastic-net coefficient ≠ 0). The most upregulated genes associated with high Ki-67 are involved in cancer proliferation and were known in breast cancer studies, while the downregulated genes are involved in diverse signaling transduction processes. Application of the identified gene signature to ER+/HER2- and Luminal A ductal carcinomas consistently stratified two independent, population-based breast cancer cohorts. Although the ER+/HER2- clinical and the Luminal A intrinsic subtypes typically show good prognosis, one subpopulation identified by the signature showed an elevated risk of disease recurrence (hazards ratios 1.59 [95% CI 1.02, 2.47] and 3.80 [95% CI 0.83, 17.27] in two independent application cohorts). The present study identifies a proliferation gene signature specific to ER+/HER2- and Luminal A ductal carcinomas, provides biological insight into the more proliferative cancers, and could be a basis for future therapeutic development.
Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and Neuronal Plasticity: Implications in Down Syndrome
Authors: Garcia Octavio , Villegas-Piña Jesús
Published: November 2022

Down syndrome is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. Nevertheless, under certain stimulation processes, Down syndrome people can develop certain intellectual skills, suggesting an active mechanism of neuronal plasticity. Defects in both dendritic arborization and dendritic spines could affect neuronal plasticity and contribute to the degree of intellectual disability in people with Down syndrome. However, the cellular mechanisms involved in this process are unknown. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is an astrocyte-secreted protein involved in the development and maintenance of dendritic spines and synapses, which is altered in Down syndrome. Nonetheless, the role of TSP-1 in neuronal plasticity is not well characterized. In this study, we analyze whether TSP-1 is involved in neuronal microstructure changes induced by environmental enrichment, a model of experience-dependent neuronal plasticity. We found that the increase in dendritic spine density induced by environmental enrichment is associated with an increase in TSP-1 levels in the hippocampus of wild-type mice. The lack of TSP-1 in TSP-1-/- mice produce changes in the number and length of dendritic branches and a decrease in both, the number of intersections and density of dendritic spines. Exposure of TSP-1-/- mice to environmental enrichment did not affect the dendritic length and branching and number of intersections, but increased the density of dendritic spines significantly. These results suggest a role of TSP-1 as an important factor regulating brain microstructural plasticity, whose activity is reduced in Down syndrome.
Burgeoning Data on BTK Inactivating Mutations in Lymphomagenesis and Therapeutic Resistance
Authors: Risso Carla , Tsai Daniel , Montoya Skye , Jahn Jacob , Taylor Justin
Published: November 2022

The B-cell antigen receptor signaling pathway has been a primary focus in the targeted treatment of B-cell malignancies for the past decade. When aberrantly activated, this pathway initiates a cascade of phosphorylation mediated by several tyrosine kinases, with Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) being essential among them. Multiple generations of covalent and non-covalent BTK inhibitors have revolutionized therapeutic options for several B-cell lymphomas. However, the use of continuous BTK inhibition is limited by development of resistance resulting from acquired point mutations that allow persistent B-cell receptor signaling. Genomic sequencing of patient samples at disease progression has recently led to the discovery of novel resistance mutations in BTK that result in diminished or absent BTK kinase activity (termed kinase-deficient). However, the mechanisms underlying the potential advantage of kinase-deficient BTK mutations are incompletely understood and still under investigation. In this review, we provide a background of the pathway leading to the development of current therapies that target BTK and review the literature describing kinase-deficient BTK mutations. We propose that BTK inactivating mutations provide an advantage to neoplastic B-lymphocytes in patients with BTK inhibitor resistant B-cell malignancies and highlight potential mechanisms through which BTK kinase-deficient mutations could be acting, either due to differential protein conformation or by behaving as a scaffold for other signaling molecules. Due to the novelty of these mutations and their increasing rate of incidence over the last decade, it is imperative to continue studying BTK kinase deficient mutations across B-cell malignancies and to propose alternate therapies that could target them.
Respiratory and Neuromuscular Impairment Resulting from Onco-Hematological Diseases and Treatment in Children and Adolescents: A Physiotherapeutic Approach
Authors: Gomes Evelim , Camargo Carolina , Anjos Debora , Carvalho Etiene
Published: November 2022

Onco-hematological diseases are serious conditions and often require aggressive treatment that can lead to systemic complications, consequently affecting musculoskeletal functions as well as physical and functional capacity. Respiratory complications can lead to a greater frequency of hospitalizations and immobility, creating a cycle of sedentarism as well as an increase in morbidity and mortality. The goal of physical therapy in such cases is to restore compromised functions in affected children and adolescents and ensure the performance of activities of daily living and better development.The aim of this review was to bring to light the dysfunctions promoted by onco-hematological diseases of childhood in order to understand the best way to approach the treatment for this population.In this review, the functional alterations of sickle cell anemia, leukemia and bone marrow transplantation were addressed, as well as the interventions used by physiotherapy for the treatment.
A Mini Review of Dental Care for Kindergarten Children from Pediatric Dentists
Authors: Sun Jin , Wang Qing , He Jiuhui , Liu Yun
Published: November 2022

The prevalence of caries among kindergarten children in Shenzhen of China is very high, which could cause them various harm. Dental care for kindergarten children from pediatric dentists is a project that has the advantages of being widespread and low-spending in Shenzhen. In order to promote the project with the cooperation of kindergarten doctors and teachers, this mini review aims at the summary of the experiences of dental care from us.
Machine Preservation and Ex Situ Assessment of the Donor Heart: A New Paradigm in Heart Transplantation
Authors: Kodama Chiori , Kuniyoshi Gary , Obaid Basel , Martinez Eudaldo , Heinzelmann Annette , Moneim Adham , Baraiah Saeed , Makki Ahmed , Hashish Alaa , Alawi Kamila , Khawam Nathalie , Jabbour Jean , Abubakar Abdinasir , Brennan Richard
Published: November 2022

Heart transplantation is the gold standard treatment for advanced heart failure in selected patients. Organ shortage is however a major concern, leading transplant teams to expand the criteria for donor selection. Organ retrieval is routinely performed nowadays in donors older than 55 years, with impaired left ventricular function and/or hypertrophy, or after prolonged cardiac arrest such as after circulatory-determined death. All these conditions are associated with an increased high of primary graft failure, the main cause of early death after heart transplantation. Machine preservation technology has been recently applied to allow for extended preservation of the donor heart. Compared to conventional static cold storage, this approach can also provide viability assessment of the donor heart before transplant, especially in case of ex situ normothermic blood perfusion. After a brief review of currently available preservation machines, we sought to describe different approaches for assessment of the donor heart using ex situ organ perfusion, from metabolic monitoring to cardiac imaging and hemodynamic investigations.
Neuroscience as the New Approach to Treating Obesity
Authors: Hamilton Franchell
Published: November 2022

Obesity continues to be on the rise despite all of its advances in medications and surgeries, not to mention the invasiveness of the diet and fitness industry in this area. More than 72% of the U.S population is overweight or obese, and obesity is now rising in the pediatric population affecting our next generation. (1) Obesity on its own occupies a large part of health expenditures in the globe and has been the catalyst for over 200 other diseases identified. This chronic relapsing disease over time has been one of the most invasive to our nation and the most difficult to treat. We have seen relapse rates from diet and medication over 90% and post bariatric surgery recurrence rates long term have been more than 70%. (3) The World Health Organization states that 2.8 million people die of obesity each year, a preventable disease. (4) Even when the name was changed several years ago by the American College of Endocrinology the epidemic continued to rise. At what point will the overseeing bodies decide that this is no longer good enough? As a bariatric surgeon, also board certified in obesity medicine, I am familiar with all the treatment algorithms for obesity and have practiced those for years. After seeing surgeries require 2 and 3 revisions due to weight recurrence I had to ask what was missing in the algorithm? After years of watching my patients struggle they answered that question for me. The addition of neurobehavioral science is what was missing.
The Erosion of Causal Inference in Systematic Reviews in Epidemiology
Authors: Weed Douglas , Alexander Dominik
Published: November 2022

The assessment of disease causation is a complex process with a decades-long history of development and discussion. The family of methods involved had been in place for at least 30 years when meta-analysis and the systematic narrative review emerged to be added to study designs and statistical methods. More recently, methods to evaluate bias and quality have been added. Traditionally, near the end of a causal assessment, that is, after all the studies have been collected and described and sometimes meta-analyzed, investigators apply a set of conditions (or criteria or considerations) to evaluate whether an association observed in epidemiological studies supports a causal association. The criteria proposed by A.B. Hill—Hill’s criteria—are arguably the best-known example. In this paper we describe and critically examine a trend in the epidemiological literature wherein some practitioners have been chipping away at this final step. In some instances, the use of these criteria-based methods has been totally rejected; in other situations, some of the traditional criteria (or considerations) have been eliminated while others remain. It is important to point out that these eliminations and exclusions are not replaced with some presumably better approach. Rather, there is a sense that these so-called “criteria” are no longer relevant. We see this process as eroding the reliability and validity of causal claims.
Fenologia vegetativa e reprodutiva da espécie nativa Vasconcellea quercifolia A. St.-hil. em um fragmento de floresta
Authors: Bispo Geane Lourenço , Rodrigues João Domingos , Bonfim Filipe Pereira Giardini , Coutinho Emily Toledo , Ono Elizabeth Orika , Marco Cláudia Araújo
Published: November 2022

A espécie vegetal Vasconcellea quercifolia A. St.-Hil. é nativa do Brasil, promissora para a agricultura, com grande importância ecológica e grande consumo em algumas regiões. Neste estudo objetivou-se analisar a fenologia reprodutiva e fenologia vegetativa em uma população natural da espécie. Foram realizados os levantamentos durante 25 meses, observando aleatoriamente doze indivíduos da espécie na Fazenda Lageado da Faculdade de Agricultura Ciências na cidade de Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Os métodos de observação foram: índice de atividade fenológica (sincronia) e o índice de Fournier (presença da fenofase). Os resultados foram submetidos à correlação de Spearman. Os eventos fenológicos da espécie apresentaram alta sincronia. Frutificação e temperatura média apresentaram forte correlação positiva; repouso vegetativo e temperatura apresentaram forte correlação negativa. Quanto as fenofases, a brotação começou em agosto e terminou em novembro. Queda de folhas iniciou em dezembro a planta vai gradativamente perdendo as folhas até estar 100% desfolhadas no mês de junho. Os meses de novembro e dezembro apresentaram as maiores taxas de floração. Os primeiros frutos apareceram em outubro e os últimos frutos maduros foram vistos em maio; sendo que o pico da frutificação ocorreu em janeiro e fevereiro. Esta é uma espécie sincrônica que precisa do frio do inverno para quebrar a dormência das gemas para que a brotação ocorra. Estudos agronômicos, ecológicos, químicos e nutricionais são necessários para fortalecer o uso de espécies nativas com potencial econômico, e que também podem contribuir para a preservação de seus habitats.
Contrasting Lymphatic Filariasis with Kaposi Sarcoma in a Known HIV Disease Patient: A Clinical and Histopathological Presentation and Implication to Care
Authors: Nyirenda Christopher , Gondwe Kennedy , Maksoud Gamal , Chimese Mwinsa , Maliko Catherine
Published: November 2022

Lymphatic filariasis is a systemic disease arising from infestation with filarial worms. The species that commonly infest the lymphatic vessels include Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi. The larval stages of the worms are transmitted by biting mosquitoes or flies. Wuchereria bancrofti is transmitted by night biting anopheline mosquitoes. The infection is common in tropical Africa. The adult worms infiltrate the lymphatics and produce large numbers of microfilaria into the circulation. The species B. malayi is inoculated by Mansonia or Anopheles mosquitoes and is known to cause less severe disease. Infection with W. bancrofti may present diversely from subclinical infection to overt manifestation such as elephantiasis. Acute infection may present with febrile illness, pain or tenderness in the area of the inflammed lymphatics. The chronic phase is usually characterized by presence of lymphadenopathy in lower limbs, retroperitoneal tissues, lymphedema, hydrocele and elephantiasis. The clinical presentation of lymphatic filariasis can mimic that of Kaposi Sarcoma, a malignancy common in advanced HIV disease and may present a diagnostic dilemma especially in the absence of histopathologic findings. We report a case of a 73 year old known HIV disease patient presenting with chronic indurating leg swelling. Histopathology report revealed papillomatus and hyperkeratotic skin lesions with no evidence of malignancy and no presence of microfilaria on a blood smear.
Enfrentamento do sofrimento psíquico de estudantes no contexto universitário: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Rodrigues Tatiane Carolina Martins Machado , Barbosa Guilherme Correa , Tonete Vera Lúcia Pamplona
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: analisar estratégias propostas para o enfrentamento do sofrimento psíquico em estudantes universitários no contexto educacional. Método: revisão integrativa a partir de artigos originais publicados entre 2015 a 2020, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol ou português, nas bases de dados: Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online, Bases de Dados da Enfermagem, Index de Psicologia, SCOPUS-Elsevier, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Resultados: foram considerados 26 artigos, com publicação maior em 2020 (50%) e 2019 (23,1%); do continente asiático (46,1%) seguido do continente americano (26,9%); referindo-se a estudantes de diferentes áreas de formação, com abordagem quantitativa e transversal. A sistematização de estratégias mostrou: Estratégia de Detecção do Sofrimento Psíquico; Estratégia de Monitoramento e Avaliação do Sofrimento Psíquico; e Estratégia de Prevenção do Sofrimento Psíquico. Houve destaque na apresentação de vários instrumentos com boa qualidade psicométrica e níveis de confiabilidade, tanto para atendimento quanto para investigações. Conclusão: verificou-se na produção levantada estratégias exitosas de detecção, monitoramento e avaliação do sofrimento psíquico em estudantes, aplicáveis em unidades de saúde em instituições escolares, apontando diretrizes para possíveis intervenções de cuidado, promoção da saúde mental e qualidade de vida.
Construção de histórias em quadrinhos baseado em narrativas de adolescentes de comunidade quilombola sobre gravidez
Authors: Moraes-Partelli Adriana Nunes , Pazini José Marcos Amabiles , Santos Aline Pestana , Santos Isabela Lorencini , Coelho Marta Pereira
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: descrever a metodologia da produção de histórias em quadrinhos sobre gravidez não planejada, tendo como base as vivências e experiências de adolescentes residentes em comunidade quilombola. Método: estudo qualitativo, participante, realizado em 2018 e desenvolvido em duas etapas: revisão para reunir e sistematizar o conhecimento científico, contribuindo para o aprofundamento do conhecimento do tema investigado no material educativo, e a produção das histórias em quadrinhos e das demais estruturas do almanaque tendo como base imagens e narrativas de um banco de dados. Resultados: foram produzidas duas histórias em quadrinhos que compõe o almanaque: “Lendas e histórias de gravidez na adolescência em uma comunidade quilombola”, que também abordou demandas científicas com curiosidades, passatempo e o item - Você Sabia. Os materiais empíricos, fornecidos pelos participantes do estudo, foram fonte de inspiração para a construção de um material educativo dialógico, interativo e culturalmente centrado na vida. Conclusão: a utilização das múltiplas estratégias focadas na produção científica e no público alvo permitiu maior rigor e ampliação do escopo. As estratégias de aproximação com o saber da população, a busca da produção atualizada na organização de materiais educativos e informativos adequados, como táticas de igual magnitude e importância na elaboração do material educativo, se mostrou importante.
Vigilância alimentar e nutricional: estudo com pré-escolares e escolares participantes do Programa Bolsa Família
Authors: Santos Rayane Oliveira , Bernardes Milena Serenini , Alvarenga Ana Pereira , Bernardes Renan Serenini , Toloni Maysa Helena de Aguiar
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: descrever a situação de [in]segurança alimentar e nutricional dos pré-escolares e escolares participantes do Programa Bolsa Família. Método: estudo transversal com famílias de crianças em idade pré-escolar e escolar. Aplicou-se os questionários de caracterização socioeconômica, de consumo alimentar e a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar. A avaliação antropométrica e alimentar foi realizada seguindo os protocolos do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional. Para a análise estatística foi realizado teste qui-quadrado com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: foram consideradas 144 famílias e 163 crianças. A prevalência de insegurança alimentar foi de 74,3%, e 29,4% das crianças estavam com excesso de peso. Observou-se alto consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados, principalmente de bebidas açucaradas (80,4%). Foi identificada associação estatisticamente significativa entre o uso de dispositivos eletrônicos e o consumo de guloseimas. Conclusão: para ampliar os efeitos positivos do Programa Bolsa Família é importante a atuação intersetorial com vistas ao fortalecimento dos programas de segurança alimentar e de ações regulatórias em alimentação.
Heteroleptic Transition Metal Complexes of Eflornithine Hydrochloride Monohydrate: Synthesis, Characterization, in silico and in vitro Biological Studies
Authors: AYİPO Yusuf
Published: November 2022

Incessant development of resistance to drugs by microorganisms remains a major setback associated with the currently available antibiotics, thereby making imperative a continuous search for alternative candidates with improved efficacy. Previous studies have shown enhanced antimicrobial activity of some bioactive molecules upon coordination with metal ions. Thus, in this study, Cu(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) complexes of eflornithine hydrochloride monohydrate (EHM) were synthesized and probed for bactericidal activity via in vitro and in silico. The characterization results such as CHN analysis, FTIR, UV-visible magnetic susceptibility and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) reveal that EHM coordinates as a bidentate ligand to each central metal ion in the molar ratio 1:2 through O and N in the COO- and NH2 group respectively, and also suggest octahedral geometry in each complex. The physicochemical and pharmacokinetics parameters predicted in silico support the bio-applicability and safety of the complexes. From the in vitro antibacterial study, the complexes demonstrate improved activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with an average minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.01 mg/L similar to ciprofloxacin, compared to EHM whose MIC >1.00 mg/L. Although, not all the complexes satisfy Lipinski’s drugability rule of 5 due to their molecular weight, however, coordination with metal ions improves the biological activities of EHM and the complexes demonstrate potential for further transformation into antibiotic therapeutics.
A Heideggerian Reading of Knut Hamsun’s “Growth of the Soil”
Authors: Kruszelnicki Michał
Published: November 2022

The article proposes a reading of Knut Hamsun’s Nobel Prize winning novel Growth of the Soil that will simultaneously follow the interpretive inspirations provided for it by the philosophical thought of Martin Heidegger. The “eco-critical” reading of Hamsun with Heidegger is encouraged by some intriguing similarities to be found between Heidegger’s and Hamsun’s perspectives of seeing the world and the relations human beings enter with it. It is argued that both Heidegger and Hamsun hoped for an existence that would be sensitive to the significance of the everydayness (both to the things created by man, and those brought forth by nature), but also open to receiving the world as a mysterious and extraordinary gift which exceeds human  comprehension. I believe Hamsun’s famous novel provides the reader with a fine model of a “poetic dwelling” – the paramount idea late Heidegger was trying to illuminate.
Total Phenolic, Flavonoid Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extracts (Leaves and Fruit) of Cucurbita maxima Duch. ex Lam
Authors: Wafa Nouioua
Published: November 2022

Background: Cucurbita maxima known as pumpkin belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae, widely used in traditional medicine. Methods: The present work evaluates the antioxidant activity of the different parts (leaves and fruit) of Cucurbita maxima. Antioxidant activity was assessed through the DPPH test and the β-carotene bleaching test. Result: The results showed that the ethanolic extract of fruit and leaves are rich in polyphenols, flavonoids and tannin with values, respectively (50.13±4.49 mg EAG/g dry extract), (0.75±3.64 mg EQ/g dry extract) and (477.05±6.67 mg EAT/g dry extract) for the fruit, (27.37±0.95 mg EAG/g dry extract), (1.83±0.28 mg EQ/g dry extract) and (481.69±5.77 mg EAT/g dry extract) for leaves. The ethanolic extract showed scavenger activity IC50 is 0.41±1.20 μg/ml fruit and 0.18±0.06 μg/ml leaf compared with 0.01±0.01 μg/ml BHT (Butylated hydroxytoluene). The results obtained in the β-carotene bleaching test of the ethanolic extracts of the leaves and fruit of Cucurbita maxima is of the order (70.13±13.84%) and (67.69±13.82%) respectively.
E-Marketing of Small Cardamom in Kerala: Constraint-Benefit Analysis
Authors: Paul Jeena , Somanath Gopika
Published: November 2022

Background: Cardamom is often valued as the third most expensive spice in the world after saffron and vanilla. The prominent area where e-marketing is adopted in spice trade in Kerala is in the e-auctioning of cardamom. The Spices Board had introduced e-auction of cardamom in Vandanmedu, Idukki, Kerala in December 2007. The other e-marketing platforms of cardamom includes marketing through websites and social media. The current study aimed to delineate the benefits and constraints perceived by farmers in e-marketing of cardamom.
Methods: The study was conducted in the Idukki district of Kerala. Sixty farmers undertaking e-marketing of cardamom were selected and interviewed, six each from the ten panchayats with maximum area under cardamom cultivation. The benefits and constraints identified based on open-ended questions during survey were listed and ranked according to their frequency and percentage.
Result: The major benefits of e-marketing identified were the availability of proper transaction records and bills, assurance of timely delivery and prompt payment and absence of information asymmetry between buyers and sellers. The major constraints of e-marketing identified were the delay in payments, exploitation of farmers by auctioning agencies and effect of lot number in the e-auction on the prices offered.
Former cites and regional centers in the Russian settlement system
Authors: Obedkov A.
Published: November 2022

Factors of transformation of network of citiec and settlement systems in Russia are revealed. The reasons for the loss of urban status are named. The full list of former Russian cities transformed into urban-type settlements and rural settlements is given. All absorbed, abolished and disappeared cities on the territory of the Russian Federation are listed. A complete list of former regional and sub-regional centers of the Russian Empire, the RSFSR and the Russian Federation is presented and characterized. The ways of using the historical and cultural potential of former cities and regional centers for the development of cultural and educational tourism are considered.
Activities of the volost executive committees of the Komi autonomous region in the 1920s
Authors:   Komi Science Centre UB RAS, Karakchiev V. N.
Published: November 2022

The monograph is devoted to the study of the activities of grassroots authorities of the Komi Autonomous Region in 1921‒1929. For the first time, data concerning the main directions of the functioning of the volost executive committees, the characteristics of the apparatus and personnel, interaction with authorities, party structures, and the local population are presented. The study has rich actual material based on a wide range of archival documents.
시적 영감과 철학적 절제:키츠의 하이페리온 시편에 나타난 메타시적 암시
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, Jon Bumsoo
Published: November 2022

If Hyperion centers on the contrasting fates of Hyperion and Apollo—gods associated with music, poetic inspiration, truth and prophecy—the primary themes of power, loss, struggle, and suffering can be read metaphorically as metapoetic allusions to the succession of literary generations, articulating the nature of poetry and writing. When rewriting his unfinished Greek fragments into a first-person narrative in 1819, John Keats conducts a major reassessment of Moneta’s role in the project, the Roman equivalent of Mnemosyne, the goddess of memory and the mother of the Muses. He redefines Moneta’s relation to the poet-narrator, the poem’s main protagonist who is engaged in an increasingly self-conscious quest for knowledge of his true self and merits and who eventually undergoes a radical transformation into a superior Olympian god of music and poetry, replacing his Titanic predecessor. The goddess of memory and oral culture embodies an alternative discourse surprisingly decentered and polyvocal in nature. The conventional assumption that writing is a product of the solitary genius is obscured now by an interwoven fabric of discussion, feedback, narrative interventions, negotiations, and textual instability. In so doing, the second-generation English Romantic refutes the assumption that poetic power is a product of a heroic mind and philosophical solipsism rather than a result of a dialogic quest for knowledge.
노예제에 대한 침묵: 패트리샤 로제마의 『맨스필드 파크』
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, HWANG JUNG SUK
Published: November 2022

Adapting Jane Austen’s 1814 novel to film, Mansfield Park (1999), Patricia Rozema transforms Austen’s Fanny Price into an active, witty, and rebellious heroine and centralizes the theme of slavery. The film’s fidelity has been earnestly debated, but Rozema claims that her film is faithful to the original source. As she points out, the seemingly incongruent link—between Austen and slavery—is not new. Austen’s Mansfield Park has been widely examined regarding the issue of slavery and Fanny has been commonly read as a character who represents the Other, women and slaves. These readings, however, reveal an uneasy relationship between feminism and post- colonialism by conceptualizing white women as a homogenous group of the powerless and oppressed. The relationship becomes more problematic when they readily equate Fanny with the non-white exploited racial Other, the slaves in Antigua. Analyzing the limitations of Austen’s representation of slavery, I examine how Rozema not only faithfully reproduces the limitations but also silences the Black Other—the slaves in Antigua—who only appear in Tom’s sketches of Antiguan slaves and sculptures of Black servants at Mansfield Park.
Is Mythos Myth, and Logos Reason? : The Rise and Fall of Mytho-Logos in the 20th Century
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, Kwon Seokwoo
Published: November 2022

In my previous article, “Is Mythos Myth, and Logos Reason: Etymological and Philological Reflections”(2020), I observed the foundation of ancient Greek philosophy in its relationship with the notions of mythos and logos. I argued that the history of Western philosophy in its initiatory phase took the format of progress “from mythos to logos,” and that this framework holds Homeros and Hesiodos totally different from Socrates and Plato, giving rise to the bifurcation of mythos and logos, and further accounting for the concomitant conceptual differentiation between myth and reason/rationality which has gone around until recently without enough critical assessment. In this article, I seek to argue continuously that misunderstandings come to light when one reaches the conclusion that in the ancient Greek society the words mythos and logos referred respectively to established authoritative speech and emergent reasonable discourse or theory — that neither of them really had anything to do with the fictional properties, or the degree of fictionality, of the messages under consideration. The English translation of mythos into myth — or for that matter, into its later 19th-century Japanese rendering, “神話,” — may well be held responsible for the prevalent false notion of mythos. In our age when Reason no more seems to be reason, and Enlightenment no more enlightenment, everything strikes us as a myth, posing questions as to the real nature, or even the adequacy, of the mythos-logos dichotomy. Horkheimer and Adorno did this kind of job while questioning and emphasizing the need of both in the fascist Germany where logos-reason proved to be nothing but a madness.
The Place Called Refugee: Alfonso Cuarón’s Neighbor-Love Project
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, Kang Hee-Won
Published: November 2022

This essay attempts to read Alfonso Cuarón’s Children of Men, using as a guiding thread of analysis what Kenneth Reinhard and Eric Santner elaborate with regard to the concept of the neighbor. Reinhard argues that the politics of Carl Schmitt, which brings to the foreground the sovereign exception and the friend-enemy opposition, should be supplemented by the ethical import of the neighbor. To shed a light on the ethical dimension implied in the neighbor, Reinhard redirects our attention to what Jacques Lacan calls the logic of the not-all. Reinhard’s attempt to consider the commandment of neighbor-love in relation to the logic of the not-all takes us a step further in the direction of rethinking the concept of miracle articulated by Santner. Santner insists that a miracle happens when we are addressed by the lack within the socio-symbolic edifice and we, in some fashion, respond to this calling. For both Reinhard and Santner, the concept of the neighbor actually amounts to the interruption or suspension of the state of exception as defined by Schmitt. The topos of the neighbor, as the interruption of the state of exception, is exemplified in the character of Kee in Children of Men. Kee, as a miraculously pregnant refugee, serves as the interstitial space that remains irreducible to the very opposition of British citizen and refugee. This enables us to interpret the encounter between Kee and Theo as the situation where Theo responds to Kee’s uncanny calling. In this connection, the Human Project can be said to have already been put into practice by a series of refugees who, within the Bexhill refugee camp, are answerable to Kee.