bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Travail d'équipe, travail en équipe et intimité dans un sessad
Authors: Rossello Jean-Jacques
Published: June 2011

Résumé Cet article est le fruit d’une réflexion collective de l’équipe d’un sessad nouvellement créé, rapportée par son psychiatre psychanalyste. Le développement actuel de l’offre de soin proposée aux enfants dans le champ médico-social sous la forme de services d’éducation spécialisée et de soins à domicile conduit cette équipe pluridisciplinaire à réfléchir, avec l’agrément de « troubles du comportement et déficience mentale légère » qui est la sienne, à la façon dont peut être conçu le travail soignant. Cette réflexion s’oriente vers l’idée d’un « espace intime d’équipe » permettant l’accueil et la mise en sens des situations apportées par les enfants et leur famille.
Le narcissique et l'objectal en thérapie de couple
Authors: Dupré La Tour Monique
Published: June 2011

Résumé Comme l’identité sexuelle s’étaie sur l’identité narcissique, le sexuel et le narcissique s’étaient l’un sur l’autre dans l’organisation fantasmatique du couple. La crise de couple est un moment de désétayage , elle laisse apparaître les soubassements et les souffrances narcissiques du couple, les problématiques prégénitales mises en commun. L’article, s’appuyant sur de nombreux exemples tirés de l’expérience de l’auteur, montre que la thérapie de couple peut en permettre un réaménagement sous le primat du génital.
Le surcodage sexué en établissement pénitentiaire pour mineurs
Authors: Solini Laurent , Neyrand Gérard , Basson Jean-Charles
Published: June 2011

Les recherches en sciences sociales s’intéressant à l’univers pénitentiaire semblent, depuis peu, déplacer le regard vers l’expérience carcérale du jeune détenu afin d’analyser la socialisation engendrée par les dispositifs disciplinaires de la prison. Les investigations portent jusqu’alors sur les quartiers mineurs. Nous proposons, pour notre part, de mener une analyse des processus de socialisation des détenus incarcérés en établissement pénitentiaire pour mineurs (EPM). En positionnant les temps collectifs au cœur de son système de détention, cette « nouvelle » prison présente, en effet, un terrain favorable à l’étude d’une socialisation en train de se faire. En partie réappropriés par les adolescents incarcérés via des formes de pratique que nous nommons surcodage sexué, ces temps collectifs donnent prise à des mises en scène exacerbées de genre, souvent prohibées mais inhérentes aux configurations générées par le nouveau système de détention promu par les EPM.
Thematic networks and text types
Authors: Carter-Thomas Shirley
Published: June 2011

Dans cet article, la question de l’organisation textuelle est abordée par l’analyse de la progression thématique. Nous nous proposons d’étudier à quel degré les différents types de progression thématique établis dans un texte sont liés à la question de son genre textuel, s’agissant en l’occurrence d’un article de recherche scientifique et d’un article de vulgarisation. Nous considérons également certaines orientations didactiques issues de cette étude.
À propos de : « Les dynamiques actuelles du marché de la sécurité en France »
Authors: Ocqueteau Frédéric
Published: June 2011

Répondant point par point à l’article d’Olivier Hassid dans cette confrontation, l’auteur montre son accord avec le besoin de repenser l’expansion du secteur marchand de la sécurité. Il reproche néanmoins à son contradicteur ses stratégies d’argumentation. Il montre, d’une part, le caractère peu solide et peu étayé des arguments développés à partir d’une vision managériale a-critique. Il recadre surtout des propos sortis de leur contexte historique qui n’ont pourtant pas perdu toute leur valeur. Il montre enfin le caractère peu probant des arguments pour asseoir une vision alternative restant défaillante.
L’impossible crime
Authors: Giuliani Fabienne
Published: June 2011

Figure appréciée des romanciers du xixe siècle, l’incestueuse prend tour à tour le visage de Lucrèce, Salomé ou Phèdre. Toujours voluptueuse, cette dernière est une fille, une sœur, mais jamais, elle n’est présentée comme une mère. Est-ce à dire que les mères ne pratiquent pas l’inceste ? La lecture de la littérature médicale, qui ne dialogue pas sur le phénomène, ainsi que celle des procès de Cours d’assises, qui traduisent 92% d’hommes devant les jurés, entérine cette vision masculine du crime. Pourtant, plongé dans une lecture attentive des sources, l’historien croise des histoires de mères, souvent violentes, qui s’attaquent sexuellement à leurs enfants. Comment expliquer ce décalage ?
Qui sont les filles violentes dans le Paris des Trente Glorieuses ?
Authors: Blanchard Véronique
Published: June 2011

Cet article tente, à travers l’étude de dossiers individuels judiciaires, de comprendre comment était pensée la violence juvénile féminine dans le Paris des années 1950. La violence des adolescentes est insignifiante dans les statistiques de la justice des mineurs, est-ce à dire qu’il n’y aurait pas de jeunes filles violentes pendant les Trente Glorieuses ? L’auteure montre que la violence des filles existe (elle est décrite par les travailleurs sociaux et racontée par les mineures elles-mêmes) mais elle n’est que rarement retenue comme motif d’un traitement pénal. L’hypothèse étant que la jeune fille, sans cesse rapportée à son sexe, subit un traitement différencié par les juridictions et les institutions. Concernant les mineures ce sont leurs comportements sexuels qui sont pensés comme déviants, voire violents et donc condamnables.
Les femmes dans la lutte armée au Pays basque
Authors: Lacroix Isabelle
Published: June 2011

De récentes recherches anglo-saxonnes et espagnoles témoignent de l’augmentation du nombre des femmes dans l’organisation armée basque ETA. Articulant une sociologie des rapports sociaux de sexe à celle de la violence politique, cet article interroge la place des femmes dans la lutte armée basque. Bouleverse-t-elle ou au contraire, reproduit-elle un certain ordre sexué au sein de cette structure armée et dans les représentations de la société ? A l’appui de sources secondaires sur ETA, scientifiques, médiatiques, militantes et policières et d’une enquête empirique sur le nationalisme basque, nous montrons que la progression des femmes dans les commandos actifs et dans le leadership d’ETA transforme en partie le monopole masculin de la violence politique et la répartition sexuée des tâches. Toutefois, les inégalités de genre se reproduisent au sommet de l’organigramme ainsi que par le maintien d’un ethos du guerrier masculin. Les médias, la littérature et les institutions pénales participent de ces transformations et permanences des stéréotypes sexués.
Peut-on penser la violence des femmes sans ontologiser la différence des sexes ?
Authors: Bodic Cédric Le
Published: June 2011

La littérature traitant de la criminalité commise par les femmes part bien souvent d’un constat statistique : celui du peu de criminalité des femmes. Outre des tentatives d’explication portant directement sur la fiabilité des chiffres, c’est la démarche de lecture elle-même de ces données statistiques qui constitue le fondement des débats et polémiques en criminologie : l’idée de comparer la criminalité commise par les hommes et celle commise par les femmes est-elle pertinente ou non ? Partant de cette comparaison, le traitement théorique de la criminalité des femmes, particulièrement la criminalité sexuelle, tend à ontologiser la différence des sexes – processus d’ontologisation d’autant plus fort lorsque l’analyse porte sur les raisons du passage à l’acte ou du non passage à l’acte des femmes. Sans échapper totalement à ce processus d’ontologisation, les théories féministes apparues aux alentours des années 1970 enrichissent, par la prise en compte de la question de l’identité, les réflexions aussi bien théoriques, qu’épistémologiques et politiques, sur le sujet. Après avoir présenté et discuté ces travaux, l’article propose, en se référant aux théories queers et à la psychanalyse, d’envisager une criminalité sans sexe a priori, où femme et homme ne renvoient pas unilatéralement, pour l’un au féminin, pour l’autre au masculin.
Memoria linajística, legitimación dinástica y justificación personal en el Libro del linaje de los señores de Ayala y sus continuaciones
Authors: Dacosta Arsenio
Published: June 2011

En este trabajo se analiza el conjunto de textos genealógicos elaborados entre finales del siglo XIV y finales del XV por los señores de la Casa de Ayala desde la perspectiva de la construcción de la identidad colectiva del linaje nobiliario. El interés de estos textos va más allá de las figuras de Fernán Pérez de Ayala y su hijo el Canciller Pero López, por constituir una tarea común, intergeneracional, que sigue un plan coherente de exaltación del linaje.El conjunto de textos analizados es uno de los testimonios más elocuentes de la autoconciencia de la nobleza europea de su época. Además, estos textos ofrecen diversas justificaciones personales y dinásticas, muy especialmente de la mano de Fernán Pérez de Ayala y de su tataranieto el Mariscal Ayala. El principal aspecto estudiado es cómo se construye y actualiza el discurso legitimador, especialmente en cuestiones dinásticas, pero también en relación a ambiciones más concretas, en distintos momentos de la evolución de esta importante familiar nobiliar castellana.
Para além da linhagem
Authors: Gomes Maria Joana
Published: June 2011

A subida de Urraca I (1109-1126) ao trono do reino de Leão e Castela como sucessora de Afonso VI (1072-1109) representou, como atestam vários testemunhos escritos, um acontecimento problemático para os seus contemporâneos. Consoante a posição que assumem perante este facto, os textos historiográficos peninsulares não deixaram de fornecer argumentos e justificações que favoreciam ou que, pelo contrário, atacavam o papel da filha de Afonso VI. Partindo da análise do catálogo das mulheres de Afonso VI em dois desses textos -O Chronicon Regum Legionensium e o Liber Regum Villarensis-, este artigo procura problematizar não apenas o lugar de Urraca no quadro genealógico das mulheres e da descendência de Afonso VI, mas também avaliar de que modo estas relações genealógicas são apresentadas por cada um destes textos, para legitimar ou denegrir a rainha de Leão e Castela e, através dela, a dinastia a que esta pertence.
Los linajes paralelos: legitimación de la milicia funcionarial en las crónicas nobiliarias castellanas del siglo XV
Authors: GONZALEZ Sara
Published: June 2011

Ce travail présente une analyse de l’émergence en Castille au xve siècle de biographies particulières. La confrontation des chroniques biographiques de Pero Niño, don Álvaro de Luna, don Rodrigo Ponce de León et don Alonso de Monrroy permet de mettre en évidence les diverses stratégies de légitimation de la noblesse trastamariste. En cette période de redéfinition de la noblesse, ces textes doivent être lus comme de véritables traités nobiliaires dont les héros viennent illustrer les différentes thèses défendues: primauté ou non de la noblesse issue de lignages anciens, parfois opposés à la couronne, face à une milice fonctionnarisée entièrement dévouée au service du souverain et qui en retire des bénéfices.
La pluma al servicio del linaje
Authors: Heusch Carlos
Published: June 2011

Este trabajo explora las características de los primeros libros de linajes castellanos empezando por su razón de ser: la progresiva creación de una mentalidad linajística con ánimos de inscribir en la letra una nueva “voluntad de durar”. Analiza luego los principales motivos recurrentes del corpus de los primeros libros de linajes (Historia de la Casa de Zúñiga; Crónica de Alonso de Guzmán el Bueno; Hechos de don Alonso de Monroy): la ficción de los orígenes, la cultura caballeresca, y la ficción linajística como construcción literaria.
Linhagens arturianas na Península Ibérica: o tempo das origens
Authors: Laranjinha Ana Sofia
Published: June 2011

No ciclo arturiano em prosa, representado em Portugal por vestígios importantes, embora fragmentários, todos eles pertencentes ao ciclo do Pseudo-Boron, a linhagem assume uma importante função legitimadora. Entre os romances que constituem o ciclo, a Estória do Santo Graal e o Tristão em Prosa na sua parte inicial (a chamada pré-história tristaniana) remontam à origem, por um lado, das linhagens marcadas pelo carisma divino que desembocarão no herói do Graal, e por outro, da genealogia maldita de Tristão e do rei Marc, que anunciam o destino trágico dos amantes da Cornualha. Na Estória do Santo Graal, das três linhagens escolhidas, duas são herdadas de obras anteriores e passam para segundo plano face à que se inicia com o primeiro cavaleiro cristão, a linhagem cavaleiresca por excelência e a única rigorosamente agnática. Na pré-história tristaniana, pelo contrário, as aventuras dos antepassados de Tristão inauguram uma espécie de anti-linhagem que contraria os princípios da linearidade e da progressão temporal, fundando na desordem as origens do amante de Iseu.
Linaje y legitimidad en la historiografía regia hispana de los siglos IX al XIII
Authors: Martin Georges
Published: June 2011

Unos cuantos apuntes sacados de la historiografía medieval hispánica con la ambición de ubicar el linaje entre los principios de la legitimidad del príncipe y la de observar cómo evolucionó en el tiempo, relativamente a los demás principios, su situación.
O argumento da linhagem na literatura ibérica do séc. XIII
Authors: Miranda José Carlos Ribeiro
Published: June 2011

Partindo da identificação e localização dos primeiros usos do termo «linhagem» e dos seus equivalentes nas várias línguas de raiz latina da Península Ibérica ao longo do séc. XIII, o presente estudo identifica dois envolvimentos semânticos que caracterizam esse uso, tanto em textos literários como documentais da mais variada tipologia: por um lado, um sentido que se refere à ascendência-descendência de um dado indivíduo, numa tradição que parece próxima da que se detecta no Liber Regum; por outro, um sentido que identifica «linhagem» com um grupo de parentes de sangue coexistentes num dado espaço, não sendo fácil identificar contextos discursivos em que ambas as acepções se combinem.
Cultura visual y genealogía en la corte regia de Castilla durante la segunda mitad del siglo XV
Authors: Nogales Rincón David
Published: June 2011

Durante la segunda mitad del siglo XV la corte castellana asistió a una consolidación del gusto por la materia genealógica, paralela al despliegue de una intensa retórica que tenía por objeto la familia y los matrimonios regios. Estos procesos serían el resultado, en última instancia, de ciertos cambios culturales e históricos y de necesidades específicas de legitimación, en el contexto de una agitada vida política. El presente trabajo tiene por objeto estudiar los recursos visuales, de dimensión figurativa, verbal o emblemática, empleados en la exaltación genealógica de la realeza castellano-leonesa durante los reinados de Enrique IV (1454-1474) e Isabel I (1474-1504), en torno a obras y empresas artísticas significativas de la cultura cortesana de fines de la Edad Media, como la Genealogía de los Reyes de Alonso de Cartagena o la galería de la Sala de los Reyes del Alcázar de Segovia.
Conexiones e interferencias en la literatura valenciana del siglo XV
Authors: ESCARTÍ Vicent Josep
Published: June 2011

En la ciudad de Valencia, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XV, convivieron buena parte de los clásicos medievales en lengua catalana. A través de las relaciones personales y literarias conocidas se puede establecer una densa red de contactos. Por otro lado, los autores medievales también establecían otro tipo de relación con los autores del pasado: se inspiraban en ellos o plagiaban sus obras, como ocurre en el caso de Martorell, que es analizado sintéticamente en este trabajo. Ambos aspectos son contemplados aquí, con el objetivo de ayudar a conocer mejor el contexto en que se generaron las mejores obras de la literatura catalana medieval.
« De feminis decimus mentionem »
Authors: MAINTIER-VERMOREL Estelle
Published: June 2011

Au sein de la première partie du De rebus Hispaniae de Rodrigue de Tolède, où l’économie du récit laisse peu de place à de larges développements, un épisode frappe par son ampleur : celui des Amazones. Plusieurs passages rédigés en termes élogieux sont consacrés à celles qui sont présentées comme étant, à l’origine, les femmes des Goths. Cette longue digression frappe d’autant plus que les Amazones sont pour ainsi dire absentes des autres chroniques contemporaines. Bien entendu, Rodrigue n’invente pas leur histoire ; il trouve son inspiration, dans une large mesure, chez Pompeius Trogus, Orose ou Jordanes, mais il y apporte des modifications substantielles. De sorte que le lecteur est en droit de s’interroger sur la signification de cet épisode et les raisons de l’insistance de l’auteur sur cet exemple de gouvernement matriarcal. Le traitement de ce mythe et son adaptation à l’histoire gothique semblent, de fait, avoir pour but de légitimer le pouvoir des femmes et leur rôle politique de gouvernantes, et peut-être, par extension, plus particulièrement celui d’une femme, d’une reine chère à l’archevêque et partageant ses intérêts, Bérengère de Castille.
La imagen del monarca en el siglo XIV
Authors: ARIAS GUILLÉN Fernando
Published: June 2011

Este artículo pretende comparar la imagen que las crónicas castellanas e inglesas proyectaban, respectivamente, de Alfonso XI y Eduardo III. Aunque ambos monarcas fueron mostrados como modelos positivos por sus éxitos políticos y militares, había ciertas diferencias a la hora de representarlos. Debido a su diferente tradición cronística y contexto sociopolítico, la imagen del rey castellano estaba mucho más desarrollada que la de su homólogo inglés, quien no estaba por completo a salvo de la crítica.
Role for MyD88, TLR2 and TLR9 but Not TLR1, TLR4 or TLR6 in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Miranda-Hernandez Socorro , Gerlach Nicole , Fletcher Julie M. , Biros Erik , Mack Matthias , Körner Heinrich , Baxter Alan G.
Published: June 2011

The potential roles of TLRs in the cause and pathogenesis of autoimmune CNS inflammation remain contentious. In this study, we examined the effects of targeted deletions of TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR6, TLR9, and MyD88 on the induction of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35–55 (MOG35–55) peptide/CFA/pertussis toxin-induced autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Although C57BL/6.Tlr1−/−, C57BL/6.Tlr4−/− and C57BL/6.Tlr6−/− mice showed normal susceptibility to disease, signs were alleviated in female C57BL/6.Tlr2−/− and C57BL/6.Tlr9−/− mice and C57BL/6.Tlr2/9−/− mice of both sexes. C57BL/6.Myd88−/− mice were completely protected. Lower clinical scores were associated with reduced leukocyte infiltrates. These results were confirmed by passive adoptive transfer of disease into female C57BL/6.Tlr2−/− and C57BL/6.Tlr9−/− mice, where protection in the absence of TLR2 was associated with fewer infiltrating CD4+ cells in the CNS, reduced prevalence of detectable circulating IL-6, and increased proportions of central (CD62L+) CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. These results provide a potential molecular mechanism for the observed effects of TLR signaling on the severity of autoimmune CNS inflammation.
Ethyl Pyruvate Rescues Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons by Regulating Glial Activation in a Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Huh Sue H. , Chung Young C. , Piao Ying , Jin Min Y. , Son Hyo J. , Yoon Nam S. , Hong Joo Y. , Pak Youngmi K. , Kim Yoon S. , Hong Jong K. , Hwang Onyou , Jin Byung K.
Published: June 2011

This study examined whether ethyl pyruvate (EP) promotes the survival of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson’s disease. MPTP induced degeneration of nigrostriatal DA neurons and glial activation as visualized by tyrosine hydroxylase, macrophage Ag complex-1, and/or glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry showed activation of microglial NADPH oxidase and astroglial myeloperoxidase (MPO) and subsequent reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species production and oxidative DNA damage in the MPTP-treated substantia nigra. Treatment with EP prevented degeneration of nigrostriatal DA neurons, increased striatal dopamine levels, and improved motor function. This neuroprotection afforded by EP was associated with the suppression of astroglial MPO expression, NADPH oxidase-, and/or inducible NO synthase-derived reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species production by activated microglia. Interestingly, EP was found to protect DA neurons from 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium neurotoxicity in cocultures of mesencephalic neurons and microglia but not in neuron-enriched mesencephalic cultures devoid of microglia. The present findings show that EP may inhibit glial-mediated oxidative stress, suggesting that EP may have therapeutic value in the treatment of aspects of Parkinson’s disease related to glia-derived oxidative damage.
Optimization of ordered subset expectation maximization reconstruction for reducing urinary bladder artifacts in single-photon emission computed tomography imaging
Authors: Katua A. , Ankrah A. , Vorster M. , Gelder A. , Sathekge M.
Published: June 2011

Bladder artifact during bone single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a common source of error. The extent and severity of bladder artifacts have been described for filtered back projection (FBP) reconstruction. Ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) may help to address this problem of bladder artifacts, which render up to 20% of the SPECT images unreadable. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship of the bladder to acetabulum ratio in guiding the choice of the number of iterations and subsets used for OSEM reconstruction, for reducing bladder artifacts found on FBP reconstruction. One hundred five patients with various indications for bone scans were selected and planar and SPECT images were acquired. The SPECT images were reconstructed with both FBP and OSEM using four different combinations of iterations and subsets. The images were given to three experienced nuclear physicians who were blinded to the diagnosis and type of reconstruction used. They then labeled images from the best to the worst after which the data were analyzed. The bladder to acetabulum ratio for each image was determined which was then correlated with the different iterations and subsets used. The study demonstrated that reconstruction using OSEM led to better lesion detectability compared to FBP in 87.62% of cases. It further demonstrated that the iterations and subsets used for reconstruction of an image correlate with the bladder to acetabulum ratio. Four iterations and 8 subsets yielded the best results in 48.5% of the images, whilst 2 iterations and 8 subsets yielded the best results in 33.8%. The number of reconstructed images which yielded the best results with 2 iterations and 8 subsets was the same as or more than those with 4 iterations and 8 subsets when the bladder/acetabulum ratio (A/B) was between 0.2 and 0.39. A ratio below 0.2 or above 0.39 supports the usage of 4 iterations and 8 subsets over 2 iterations and 8 subsets. We conclude that bladder to acetabulum ratio can be used to select the optimum number of iterations and subsets for reconstruction of bone SPECT for accurate characterization of lesions. This study also confirms that reconstruction with OSEM (vs. FBP) leads to better lesion detectability and characterization.
The role of routine whole volume SPECT reconstruction in comparison to cine raw data in the detection of extracardiac uptake on myocardial perfusion scans
Authors: Maharaj M. , Korowlay N.
Published: June 2011

The objective of this study was to determine the role of routine whole volume reconstructed single-photon emission tomography (rSPECT) compared to cine raw data to detect extracardiac uptake of Sestamibi (MIBI). In a retrospective study, the myocardial perfusion studies of 426 patients were inspected separately for extracardiac uptake on cine raw data and rSPECT. The acquisition parameters for all the images were done according to departmental protocol. The whole volume SPECT data was selected and processed by HOSEM iterative reconstruction using the HERMES computer software system. The images were assessed by two observers, a student in training and a senior consultant nuclear medicine physician. The overall mean age and standard deviation of the 426 patients at the time of the study was 60 ΁ 12 years. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kappa and McNemars tests. The clinical significance of the extracardiac uptake was evaluated using hospital folders and /or laboratory results after viewing images. rSPECT detected 25 patients (5.9%) and cine raw data identified 18 patients (4.2%) with extracardiac uptake. All the areas of extracardiac uptake noted on cine raw data were seen on the rSPECT images. Only 21 of the 25 patients had complete 5-year clinical follow-up. The value of the clinical significance of the extracardiac uptake was limited due to the study being retrospective. The proportion of positives identified by rSPECT was significantly larger than those identified by cine raw data (P = 0.0082). Although our study demonstrates that rSPECT is more sensitive than cine raw data in detecting extracardiac uptake, it also shows that there is no benefit in routine whole volume rSPECT in daily clinical practice.
Strategy for bone metastases treatment in patients with impending cord compression or vertebral fractures: A pilot study
Authors: Rasulova N. , Lyubshin V. , Djalalov F. , Kim K. H. , Nazirova L. , Ormanov N. , Arybzhanov D.
Published: June 2011

Impending spinal cord compression and vertebral fractures are considered contraindications for radionuclide bone pain palliation therapy. However, most of the patients with widespread bone metastases already have weakened vertebral segments that may be broken. Therefore, local field external-beam radiotherapy or percutaneous vertebroplasty (VP) should be considered to improve the patient′s quality of life and to institute subsequent appropriate treatment, including radionuclide therapy for bone pain palliation. The objective of this study was to develop a strategy for an effective treatment of bone metastases in patients with widespread bone metastases and intolerable pain, associated with impending cord compression or vertebral fractures. Eleven patients (5 females and 6 males, aged 32-62 years; mean age 53.8 ± 2.7 years) with multiple skeletal metastases from carcinomas of prostate (n = 3), breast (n = 3) and lung (n = 5) were studied. Their mean pain score measured on a visual analogue scale of 10 was found to be 8.64 ± 0.15 (range 8-9) and the mean number of levels with impending cord compression or vertebral fracture was 2.64 ± 0.34 (range 1-4). All patients underwent vertebroplasty and after 3-7 days received Sm-153 ethylene diamine tetra methylene phosphonic acid (EDTMP) therapy. Sm-153 EDTMP was administered according to the recommended standard bone palliation dose of 37 MBq/kg body weight. Whole body (WB) bone scan, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed before and after treatment in all patients. Pain relief due to stabilization of vertebrae after VP occurred within the first 12 hours (mean 4.8 ± 1.2 hours; range 0.5-12 hours), and the mean pain score was reduced to 4.36 ± 0.39 (range 2-6). Subsequent to Sm-153 EDTMP treatment, further pain relief occurred after 3.91 ± 0.39 days (range 2-6 days) and the pain score decreased to 0.55 ± 0.21 (range 0-2). The responses to treatment were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.0001). Based on the results on this limited patient population, we conclude that spinal stabilization using VP in patients with widespread bone metastases and impending cord compression is an effective way to decrease disability with pain and to facilitate subsequent systemic palliation of painful skeletal metastases by Sm-153 EDTMP therapy.
Zinner′s Syndrome
Authors: Kuo J. , Foster C. , Shelton D.K.
Published: June 2011

A 52-year-old male was subjected to an F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) study for the evaluation of newly diagnosed non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma. An incidental non-FDG avid urinary bladder mass was detected, as well as an absent kidney. Ureterocele was suspected, but subsequently a seminal vesicle cyst was confirmed on a CT urogram.
Weighted Lp Boundedness of Pseudodifferential Operators and Applications
Authors: Michalowski Nicholas , Rule David J. , Staubach Wolfgang
Published: June 2011

In this paper we prove weighted norm inequalities with weights in the Ap classes, for pseudodifferential operators with symbols in the class that fall outside the scope of Calderón– Zygmund theory. This is accomplished by controlling the sharp function of the pseudodifferential operator by Hardy–Littlewood type maximal functions. Our weighted norm inequalities also yield Lp boundedness of commutators of functions of bounded mean oscillation with a wide class of operators in .
Student Perspectives on Enrolling in Undergraduate Forestry Degree Programs in the United States
Authors: Sharik Terry L. , Frisk Stacey L.
Published: June 2011

Undergraduate U.S. forestry degree programs experienced a steady decline in enrollments over a decade beginning in the mid‐1990s. This decline prompted a survey of students enrolled in these programs to determine what factors led to their decisions to matriculate there and conversely, what may have made them hesitant to do so. The sample population consisted largely of upper‐class forestry majors who attended the 2004 and 2007 Society of American Foresters’ (SAF) national conventions. An analysis of the content of survey responses indicated that students were attracted to majoring in forestry and subsequently pursuing a career in this field by a love of nature or the outdoors. Hesitation arose from concern over low wages, lack of jobs, and a negative public image of forestry. The latter factor may explain why natural resource degree programs perceived as more conservation/sustainability‐oriented constitute an increasingly higher proportion of total enrollments in colleges of natural resources compared with forestry. More comprehensive surveys of students from a wider array of professional degree programs are needed to test our findings, and should be coupled to studies of the demand for forestry graduates.
Engaging Students in Career Planning and Preparation through Ementoring
Authors: Kinkel Doreen H.
Published: June 2011

Following a developmental model of career planning and preparation, an ementoring program was devised for first semester freshmen to (1) heighten career awareness and stimulate career exploration in food and agricultural sciences; (2) expand interest and willingness to follow career opportunities beyond the regional geographic area; and (3) stimulate deeper career exploration and development through participation in job shadowing and professional organization conferences. The ementoring program was part of a career portfolio prepared in sections of AGRI 1201, Agriculture and Human Sciences as a Profession, that were major specific for animal science majors. Impact of the experience on students was evaluated with pre‐ and post‐mentoring questionnaires using Likert‐scale (1–5, 1 = disagree or low level), selection (check those that apply), and open‐ended questions. Pre‐mentoring questionnaires (n = 128, 2002‐2005) showed a willingness to participate in the ementoring program; however, students were reluctant to relocate for career reasons. Results revealed naivete about careers, limited career awareness and work experience. A total of 79 post‐mentoring questionnaires were submitted from 2002 to 2005. Post‐mentoring results indicated gains in career awareness (means of 3.84–4.23 across years) and that gains were related to the ementor (means of 3.33–4.00). Interest in career exploration also increased (means of 3.67–4.39) as did willingness to relocate for career purposes (mean of 3.64–4.15). The ementoring experience was perceived as a beneficial experience that included problem solving (38–64%), goal identification (33–67%), and career insight (44–72%). From 77 to 88% of students wanted to continue email communication with their ementor after the course‐related requirement was completed.
Introduction to Plant Breeding Learning Activity: Soybean
Authors: Lathrop Amy , Namuth‐Covert Deana , Lee Don
Published: June 2011

This activity discusses the basic process used in a traditional breeding program. Crossing, genetic variation, selection and elements of DNA technology are discussed within this activity. The material is aimed toward high school or introductory life science undergraduate students. There is a quiz based “breeder's notebook” feature, which gives students opportunities to apply their new knowledge in other scenarios. At the completion of this activity students should be able to:

State the expected number of years it takes to develop a cultivar in plant breeding programs and explain why it takes that long.

Define the words homozygous, heterozygous, genotype, and phenotype.

Identify flower structures and explain what role they play in plant reproduction.

Understand how genes from each parent are inherited.

Explain what molecular markers are and how they are used in a breeding program.

Identify at what point in the program the breeder works with the most genotypic variation.

Identify at what point in the program a breeder plants lines in the most locations.

Teachers can use the activity to supplement their teaching strategies. It is also useful for graduate students and extension audiences wanting a refresher on the basic steps of soybean breeding. It is available free of charge for educational use.
Estilos de reflexividade e autonarrativas no repertório de posições sociais
Authors: Gama Moraes Leandro , Marcarini Vieira Mariana , Raizem Martha Helena , Fernandes Souza Diego , Lima de souza Mariane
Published: June 2011

Self-rumination (maintenance of the circular thinking on unpleasant events) and self-reflection (attitude of creative self-reflection that promotes self-knowledge) are two distinct factors of reflexivity that may have and important role in the process of self-narratives’ creation. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the styles of reflexivity and the narratives that individuals produce about themselves. Initially, 32 young adults, university students of both sexes, were asked to answer the Questionnaire of Rumination and Reflection and to produce a narrative according to the semi-structured interview guide of the Repertory of Personal Positions. After the styles of reflexivity’s scores were defined, the sample was reduced to only the participants with high tendency to self-rumination or high tendency to self-reflection (n=14). The participants with tendency to self-rumination produced a detailed narrative, focused on situations of indecision. The participants with tendency to self-reflection revealed, in their narratives, a peculiarity: when the past was described in a precise way, the future is described in a vague way, without mention to life projects or aims to be accomplished. When the past is described in a vague way, there is a more precise description of expectations and projects for the future
O efeito de contingências de interação social
Authors: de Paula Corrêa Caroline , de Souza Santana Lidiane , Smith Menandro Luísa , Hermes Roberta , Ferreira Bezerra Rodrigo , Borloti Elizeu , Vasconcelos Filipe , de Souza Cunha Luciano
Published: June 2011

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the control of programmed contingencies on private events (feelings), using a procedure that elicited these events and evoked their tact, explaining how programmed reinforcement contingencies are linked with the private events. Eighteen students (both genders, aged between 18 and 22) conducted the assignments based on the software entitled PsychoTacto 3.0. The software simulated three competition situations with programmed results. Data indicates a correlation between the accounts of the subjects and contingencies they were exposed to. It may be concluded that exposure to contingencies can elicit private events (feelings) and produce their tact, in accordance with the theoretical analyses of Behavior Analysis studies
Psicoterapia Junguiana: a prática transdisciplinar no universo psicológico
Authors: Eleoterio Isabele , Damião Júnior Maddi
Published: June 2011

In Espírito Santo the Molluscum Perna perna’s extraction, known locally as mussels, is an important economic activity. A major problem today, on this activity, is the presence of a genus Bucephalus para-site, which leads in the castration of the animal P. perna. Through macroscopic analysis of soft tissues of P. perna from two state’s rocky shores, Vitória, and Anchieta, it was found a prevalence of 4,75% of the parasite. When comparing both collection areas, it is observed a larger prevalence in the destrict of Vitória and the adult male subjects are more affected
FAMOUS, faster: using parallel computing techniques to accelerate the FAMOUS/HadCM3 climate model with a focus on the radiative transfer algorithm
Authors: Hanappe P. , Beurivé A. , Laguzet F. , Steels L. , Bellouin N. , Boucher O. , Yamazaki Y. H. , Aina T. , Allen M.
Published: June 2011

Abstract. We have optimised the atmospheric radiation algorithm of the FAMOUS climate model on several hardware platforms. The optimisation involved translating the Fortran code to C and restructuring the algorithm around the computation of a single air column. A task queue and a thread pool are used to distribute the computation to several processors. Finally, four air columns are packed together in a single data structure and computed simultaneously using Single Instruction Multiple Data operations. The modified algorithm runs more than 50 times faster on the CELL's Synergistic Processing Elements than on its main PowerPC processing element. On Intel-compatible processors, the new radiation code runs 4 times faster and on graphics processors, using OpenCL, more than 2.5 times faster, as compared to the original code. Because the radiation code takes more than 60 % of the total CPU time, FAMOUS executes more than twice as fast. Our version of the algorithm returns bit-wise identical results, which demonstrates the robustness of our approach.
Reconstruction of Atlantic historical winter coastal storms in the Spanish coasts of the Gulf of Cadiz, 1929–2005
Authors: Ribera P. , Gallego D. , Pena-Ortiz C. , Del Rio L. , Plomaritis T. A. , Benavente J.
Published: June 2011

Abstract. This paper presents the reconstruction of a climatological series of winter coastal storms on the northern coasts of the Gulf of Cadiz. This series has been put together using information extracted from regional and local Spanish newspapers. It includes all the storms coming from the Atlantic sector that have been detected during the winter season, from October to March, between 1929 and 2005. In order to validate this historical storm series, it has been compared with storms series identified from quasi-observational data and using different wave heights as thresholds to decide what is to be considered as a coastal storm. Nearly 2.6 reports per year about coastal storms are published in the press which correspond to waves of 3.6 m high or more and to prevailing winds from a direction ranging between SSW and WNW. A long- term positive trend has been detected for the complete storm series. If only the instrumental period is analysed, no significant trend is detected. It is suggested that this difference might be associated with the impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation over the occurrence of storms in this area.
Mass Casualty Triage: An Evaluation of the Science and Refinement of a National Guideline
Authors: Lerner E. Brooke , Cone David C. , Weinstein Eric S. , Schwartz Richard B. , Coule Phillip L. , Cronin Michael , Wedmore Ian S. , Bulger Eileen M. , Mulligan Deborah Ann , Swienton Raymond E. , Sasser Scott M. , Shah Umair A. , Weireter Leonard J. , Sanddal Teri L. , Lairet Julio , Markenson David , Romig Lou , Lord Gregg , Salomone Jeffrey , O'Connor Robert , Hunt Richard C.
Published: June 2011

Mass casualty triage is the process of prioritizing multiple victims when resources are not sufficient to treat everyone immediately. No national guideline for mass casualty triage exists in the United States. The lack of a national guideline has resulted in variability in triage processes, tags, and nomenclature. This variability has the potential to inject confusion and miscommunication into the disaster incident, particularly when multiple jurisdictions are involved. The Model Uniform Core Criteria for Mass Casualty Triage were developed to be a national guideline for mass casualty triage to ensure interoperability and standardization when responding to a mass casualty incident. The Core Criteria consist of 4 categories: general considerations, global sorting, lifesaving interventions, and individual assessment of triage category. The criteria within each of these categories were developed by a workgroup of experts representing national stakeholder organizations who used the best available science and, when necessary, consensus opinion. This article describes how the Model Uniform Core Criteria for Mass Casualty Triage were developed.

(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011;5:129-137)
Evaluation of Antiseptic Antiviral Activity of Chemical Agents
Authors: Geller Chloé , Finance Chantal , Duval Raphaël Emmanuel
Published: June 2011

Antiviral antisepsis and disinfection are crucial for preventing the environmental spread of viral infections. Emerging viruses and associated diseases, as well as nosocomial viral infections, have become a real issue in medical fields, and there are very few efficient and specific treatments available to fight most of these infections. Another issue is the potential environmental resistance and spread of viral particles. Therefore, it is essential to properly evaluate the efficacy of antiseptics‐disinfectants (ATS‐D) on viruses. ATS‐D antiviral activity is evaluated by (1) combining viruses and test product for an appropriately defined and precise contact time, (2) neutralizing product activity, and (3) estimating the loss of viral infectivity. A germicide can be considered to have an efficient ATS‐D antiviral activity if it induces a >3 or >4 log10 reduction (American and European regulatory agency requirements, respectively) in viral titers in a defined contact time. This unit describes a global methodology for evaluating chemical ATS‐D antiviral activity. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 51:26.10.1‐26.10.22. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Do physical and relational aggression explain adolescents' friendship selection? The competing roles of network characteristics, gender, and social status
Authors: Dijkstra Jan Kornelis , Berger Christian , Lindenberg Siegwart
Published: June 2011

The role of physical and relational aggression in adolescents' friendship selection was examined in a longitudinal sample of 274 Chilean students from 5th and 6th grade followed over 1 year. Longitudinal social network modeling (SIENA) was used to study selection processes for aggression while influence processes were controlled for. Furthermore, the effects of network characteristics (i.e., reciprocity and transitivity), gender, and social status on friendship selection were examined. The starting assumption of this study was that selection effects based on aggression might have been overestimated in previous research as a result of failing to consider influence processes and alternative characteristics that steer friendship formation. The results show that selection effects of both physical and relational aggression disappeared when network effects, gender, and social status were taken into account. Particularly gender and perceived popularity appeared to be far more important determinants of friendship selection over time than aggression. Moreover, a peer influence effect was only found for relational aggression, and not for physical aggression. These findings suggest that similarity in aggression among befriended adolescents can be considered to be mainly a by‐product rather than a leading dimension in friendship selection. Aggr. Behav. 37:417–429, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spontaneous Charge Transfer and Dipole Formation at the Interface Between P3HT and PCBM
Authors: Aarnio Harri , Sehati Parisa , Braun Slawomir , Nyman Mathias , de Jong Michel P. , Fahlman Mats , Österbacka Ronald
Published: June 2011

In the pursuit of developing new materials for more efficient bulk‐heterojunction solar cells, the blend poly (3‐hexylthiophene):[6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) serves as an important model system. The success of the P3HT:PCBM blend comes from efficient charge generation and transport with low recombination. There is not, however, a good microscopic picture of what causes these, hindering the development of new material systems. In this report UV photoelectron spectroscopy measurements on both regiorandom‐ (rra) and regioregular‐ (rr) P3HT are presented, and the results are interpreted using the Integer Charge Transfer model. The results suggest that spontaneous charge transfer from P3HT to PCBM occurs after heat treatment of P3HT:PCBM blends. The resulting formation of an interfacial dipole creates an extra barrier at the interface explaining the reduced (non‐)geminate recombination with increased charge generation in heat treated rr‐P3HT:PCBM blends. Extensive photoinduced absorption measurements using both above‐ and below‐bandgap excitation light are presented, in good agreement with the suggested dipole formation.
Genome‐wide association analysis of age at onset in schizophrenia in a European‐American sample
Authors: Wang Ke‐Sheng , Liu Xuefeng , Zhang Qunyuan , Aragam Nagesh , Pan Yue
Published: June 2011

We performed a genome‐wide association analysis to identify genetic variants influencing age at onset (AAO) and examine gene × gender interactions for AAO in schizophrenia (SCZ) using a European‐American sample (1,162 cases). Linear regression model in PLINK was used to test for associations with AAO while the GxE option was chosen to test for the influence of gene × gender interactions. The most significant association with AAO was observed with SNP rs7819815 (P = 3.10 × 10−7) at 8q24.22. The next best signal was at 4q25 inCOL25A1gene (rs17039583,P = 4.30 × 10−6) and the third region was at 4p16.1 (rs17407555,P = 4.56 × 10−6,near RAF1P1, and rs4697924,P = 1.23 × 10−5withinWDR1gene). Conditional analysis on chromosome 4 indicated that 4p16.1 and 4q25 loci were independent. Furthermore, 2 SNPs (rs16834822 and rs16834824) at 1q43 inRYR2showed strong associations in the female sample (P = 2.10 × 10−6and 2.33 × 10−6, respectively) and strong gene × gender interactions in influencing AAO (P = 9.23 × 10−7and 1.15 × 10−6, respectively) while the second best region showing gene × gender interaction was at 7q22.3 (rs179863,P = 2.33 × 10−6). Using an independent sample of 1,068 cases, we could not replicate the associations for above top SNPs; however, we found nominal significance associations for their flanking SNPs (P < 0.05). These findings provide evidence of several genetic variants influencing AAO of SCZ. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.