bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POTENSI APLIKASI TIKTOK SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERINTEGRASI PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Julianto Indra Rasyid
Published: August 2023

Indonesian language learning is one of the lessons that is the root of understanding in learning all subjects. At present, the civilization of the world of education has collided with digital technology that is rapidly developing which certainly has an influence on the formation of human character. The Pancasila student profile is a challenge in realizing the character of students to become a figure who is not only focused on cognitive aspects, but makes students have an identity as Indonesian citizens who have high moral values. The use of the Tiktok application can maximize the integration of the Pancasila student profile in Indonesian language learning which is the implication brought from the teacher as the main skipper in channeling information in the classroom. Things that must also be considered by teachers are the way of learning and the relationship in the teaching process involved in the understanding of the Pancasila student profile. This research uses a descriptive method of analysis regarding the Tiktok application which is the subject of research while its relation to the object is its utilization in integrating the Pancasila student profile in Indonesian language learning.
ANALISIS EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SECARA DARING
Authors: Fatmawati Mila , Rif’at Mohammad , Sunarti Dona Fitriawan
Published: August 2023

The background of this research is the use of online evaluation of mathematics learning and cognitive level in end-of-semester assessment questions (PAS) based on the revised Bloom's Taxonomy. The purpose is to find out what types of evaluation tests are used during online learning and the cognitive level contained in the questions. The method used in this research is quantitative research with data collection tools including end-of-semester assessment questions (PAS) for class VIII mathematics, questionnaires, and interview guidelines. Mathematics teacher and 29 students of class VIII are the subjects of this research. From the analysis carried out, the cognitive levels contained in the mathematics PAS questions are; level 1 includes knowing & understanding (C1 & C2), level 2 applying (C3), and level 3 consisting of analyzing (C4), and the types of evaluation tests used are assignments, daily assessments, post-tests, midterm assessments, and end of semester assessment.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN IMPROVE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN REFLEKTIF MATEMATIS SISWA SMA
Authors: Junaidi  , Taufiq
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah kemampuan reflektif matematis siswa dapat ditingkatkan melalui penggunaan model pembelajaran IMPROVE. Sampel penelitian ini adalah kelas X MIA 1 dan X MIA 2 di SMA Negeri 1 Geumpang. Soal essay tentang materi sistem persamaan linear tiga variabel digunakan sebagai materi pendukung penelitian. Peneliti menggunakan penelitian eksperimen untuk merancang soal Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Uji normalitas dan homogenitas data dengan taraf signifikansi 5% secara statistik digunakan untuk memverifikasi data. Dari hasil analisis data diketahui rata-rata n-gain kelas eksperimen untuk meningkatkan kemampuan reflektif matematis siswa adalah 74,44 dan n-gain kelas kontrol adalah sebanyak 68,07, sehingga dapat disimpulkan kemampuan reflektif matematis siswa yang diajarkan melalui metode IMPROVE dapat meningkat dibandingkan dengan  pembelajaran konvensional. Penelitian ini dapat merekomendasikan penggunaan pembelajaran IMPROVE sebagai metode pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan di kelas.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Tipe Team Asisted Individualization (TAI) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran PPKn Di SMP Negeri 20 Pekanbaru
Authors: Sesie dartika Sesie , Supentri  , Hardian Mirza
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran team assisted

individualization terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran PPKn di SMP Negeri 20 Pekanbaru. Pada penelitian ini dalam proses pembelajaran peneliti sebagai pengajar. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Pretest- Posttest Control Group Design. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 20 Pekanbaru. Objek penelitian ini adalah pengaruh model pembelajaran team assisted individualization terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran PPKn dengan materi memahami   kedudukan   dan   fungsi   pancasila.   Populasi   dalam   penelitian   ini   adalah

seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 20 Pekanbaru. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 80 orang siswa dari kelas VIII-8 dan VIII-9. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah tes dan dokumentasi. Nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen adalah 80,75 dan kelas kontrol adalah 70,50. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah uji normalitas dan uji t. Dimana untuk melihat hasil belajar siswa dilakukan uji t yang menunjukkan nilai thitung ˃ ttabel (2,858 ˃ 1,990) maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ha diterima dan h0 ditolak yang    menjelaskan    bahwa    terdapat    pengaruh    model    pembelajaran    team    assisted ndividualization   terhadap    hasil    belajar    siswa.    Hal    ini    dikarenakan    siswa    belajar menggunakan model pembelajaran team assisted individualization.

Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran, Team Asisted Individualization, Hasil Belajar
PENGAWASAN KEKERASAN DALAM DUNIA PENDIDIKAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MUTU SEKOLAH DASAR ACEH BESAR
Authors: Akmaluddin  , Rahmattullah
Published: August 2023

Fenomena kekerasan di lingkungan sekolah baru-baru ini menjalani tinjauan intensif publisitas. berdasarkan data yang dirilis Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (KPAI) tahun 2017, menurut survei International Center for Research on Women (ICRW), sebanyak 84% anak di Indonesia mengalami kekerasan di sekolah. Angka kasus kekerasan di sekolah di Indonesia ini lebih tinggi dari Vietnam 79% , Nepal 79%, Kamboja 73%, dan Pakistan 43%. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian survey. Sampel penelitian ini dua sekolah dasar di kabupaten Aceh Besar yaitu SD Negeri 1 Lamcot dan SD Negeri 2 Lamcot. Mengumpulkan informasi factual menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Kuesioner berisikan 12 aspek, untuk mengukur pengawasan kekerasan diperoleh berdasarkan hasil kuesioner responden. Pada SD Negeri 1 Lamcot memperoleh rata-rata 4,35 sedangkan di SD Negeri 2 Lamcot meraih rata-rata  4,30. Hasil tersebut diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang berisikan 12 item indicator yang bagikan pada responden. Penelitian menggunakan teknik wawancara tentang pengawasan kekerasan dalam pendidikan meraih respon positif.
Mathematics Online Baseline Assessment: Senior Phase First-year Student Teachers’ Views
Authors: Adelabu Folake Modupe , Alex Jogmol Kalariparampil
Published: August 2023

Problem-solving and enquiry-based learning are integral in the Mathematics and Science curriculum in South Africa through online-based assessment. Online assessment has rapidly gained recognition because of technology. In this paper, the authors explored the views of online baseline assessment among Senior Phase First-year Mathematics Student Teachers. The researchers adopted a qualitative research method. Data was collected from the participants using an online Google form developed into a questionnaire. The participants in this study were first-year students enrolled for the Bachelor of Education in Mathematics at a university in a rural province of South Africa. The first-year student teachers were exposed to the senior phase baseline assessments through the licensed online Computer Aided Mathematics Instruction (CAMI) tool. One hundred and sixteen (116) senior-phase student teachers completed the online questionnaire. This study used convenience sampling since it was the most appropriate method  to conveniently invite the participant. The findings revealed that first-year student teachers were enthusiastic and motivated to write the baseline assessment on computers for the first time. The result also showed that several first-year student teachers experienced difficulties solving mathematics problems using computers. This study recommends more intensive research on student teachers' views on online assessment regarding gender and time.
The bird assemblage of an urban fragment of the Atlantic Forest in Northeastern Brazil, and the performance difference between two ornithological surveys methods
Authors: Oliveira-Silva Williams , Guedes Tainá Karoline , Oliveira Priscilla Monteiro de , Lyra-Neves Rachel Maria De , Telino-Junior Wallace Rodrigues , Gaban-Lima Renato
Published: August 2023

The Atlantic Forest biome encompasses a major portion of Brazilian biodiversity, with a high species richness. The Pernambuco Center of Endemism, which is part of this biome, has undergone extensive deforestation, and now survives in the form of small and isolated remnants of the original forest cover. These remnants include Maceió Municipal Park, an important urban forest in the capital of Alagoas. The present study inventoried the bird fauna of this conservation unit, providing data on species composition, richness, and abundance, with samples being collected monthly between August 2014 and January 2016. Quantitative data were collected using MacKinnon list and point counts. A total of 103 bird species were recorded. Five of these species are endemic to the Pernambuco Center and two to the Atlantic Forest, while four are listed under some threat of extinction. The results indicated that the MacKinnon lists present better efficiency to obtainspecies richness, while point counts present the best performance for abundance estimates. Our findings also indicate that Maceió Municipal Park is a potentially important refuge for the local bird fauna. The presence of threatened and endemic taxa highlights the relevance of the study area for the conservation of the region’s biodiversity.
Tintas, borrões e caricaturas nas letras de Aluísio Azevedo
Authors: dos Santos Oliveira Josélia
Published: August 2023

O texto é uma análise e interpretação dos romances Casa de Pensão (1884) e O Cortiço (1890), de Aluísio Azevedo, e explora como o autor manipula a arte da escrita para acentuar o caráter social de suas narrativas com tintas realistas-naturalistas. A realidade encenada em Casa de Pensão e O Cortiço, pelas lentes de seus narradores, reflete imagens caricatas que se propõe como uma forma de crítica social. A ironia é a mola propulsora das imagens distorcidas. Contrapondo-as à imagem da nação romântica, conformam, dessa maneira, caricaturas do espaço brasileiro no século XXI.
Mapping and Change Assessment of Captive Limestone Mining Areas Using Landsat-5/8 Images
Authors: Venkata Sudhakar Chowdam  , Umamaheswara Reddy Galiveeti
Published: August 2023

Limestone is a non-metallic mineral extensively used in cement manufacturing and construction sector. Extensive mineral mining processes impact the environment. The study aims to map and evaluate the limestone mining area change at the Yerraguntla industrial zone in the YSR district of Andhra Pradesh, India. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and modified soil-adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI) are computed from the Landsat-5/8 images using Quantum GIS (QGIS) software. Experimental results show that the limestone mining area increases from 307 ha to 469.92 ha during 2005-2019. NDVI method is more effective than MSAVI in change assessment of limestone mining areas with overall accuracy of 87.75 % and 79.49 % and kappa coefficient of 0.89 and 0.62 respectively in 2019. The finding is compared with industry field survey reports (487.10 ha). This study contributes to the limestone mining industry management in developing a land-environmental management plan for the long-term sustainability of limestone mining.
Paramètres psychopédagogiques à l’épreuve de l’enseignement des langues maternelles au Cameroun. Quels impacts et quels rendements?
Authors: MBA Gabriel , PIEBOP Céphanie Mirabelle Gisèle
Published: August 2023

Les résultats médiocres de l’enseignement du français en Afrique sub-saharienne ont convaincu les gouvernements des pays africains, appuyés par des organismes internationaux tels l’AUF, l’OIF, etc., d’expérimenter d’autres méthodes d’enseignement. Celles-ci sont en général réorientées vers des programmes de scolarisation dans les langues africaines utilisées comme des facilitateurs de l’apprentissage et de la maîtrise du français. Au Cameroun, cette insertion s’est faite dans les systèmes d’enseignement primaire et secondaire, avec chacun une formule différente. De même, l’insertion de quelques langues seulement, sur la multitude de langues que compte le Cameroun, n’est pas toujours accueillie à bras ouverts par les parents, et les apprenant-e-s non-natifs et non-natives de ces langues, qui nourrissent alors toutes sortes de stéréotypes et précisément des préjugés à l’endroit de ces langues d’ethnies autres que les leurs. Cette situation complexifie davantage l’activité d’enseignement-apprentissage, ainsi que les résultats escomptés. Et là encore, c’est sans compter que les enseignant-e-s chargé-e-s d’enseigner ces langues demeurent encore peu expérimenté-e-s. C’est sur ces aspects spécifiques que porte la présente étude issue des enquêtes menées dans le cadre du projet « Représentations sociales des langues enseignées (nationales et officielles) et incidences sur l’acquisition et le transfert de compétences interlangues : cas du Cameroun » initié par l’AUF et conduites dans les cinq zones linguistiques au Cameroun.
L’enseignement-apprentissage des langues nationales à l’épreuve de la diversité sociolinguistique : le poids des représentations sociales
Authors: ELOUNDOU ELOUNDOU Venant , MBA Gabriel , MAGUIABOU YAMDJEU Aline
Published: August 2023

L’enseignement des langues nationales à l’école camerounaise se heurte à la diversité sociolinguistique. Les langues nationales choisies par la politique éducative pour être enseignées dans les écoles sont celles pratiquées dans la localité qui abrite l’école. Ce qui signifie que les apprenant-e-s locuteurs de la langue ont un avantage sur les non-locuteurs. Cette situation expliquerait-elle l’adhésion quasi optimale de ces derniers à l’apprentissage des langues nationales et le développement des compétences dans cette discipline particulière, contrairement à ce qu’on observe chez les apprenant-e-s étranger-e-s à ces langues? C’est ce que l’étude a voulu vérifier en questionnant les représentations sociales des langues nationales et leur l’incidence sur les apprentissages et les compétences en langues nationales. Une enquête menée auprès de 1500 élèves du primaire et du secondaire a révélé que les apprenant-e-s locuteurs ont une meilleure relation avec la langue nationale enseignée à l’école, s’y investissent plus sérieusement et produisent de meilleures performances en expression orale, lecture/écriture. Tandis que certain-e-s apprenant-e-s non locuteurs ont des représentations négatives de la langue nationale enseignée à l’école, lesquelles représentations affectent leur adhésion au processus d’apprentissage et leurs performances dans cette langue.
Les « clubs culturels » au Burundi : mémoires et revendications culturelles dans le contexte de sortie de crises identitaires
Authors: NDAYISABA Éric
Published: August 2023

Du drame colonial aux crises sociopolitiques contemporaines, en passant par la chute brutale de la monarchie, le Burundi a connu des phénomènes de déchirure sociale, de régression des mœurs, ainsi que de déni d’histoire et de culture populaire. À travers une approche socio-anthropologique, combinant la recherche documentaire et les entretiens individuels et collectifs, cet article analyse comment, dans le contexte de sortie de crises identitaires, le club culturel se présente comme un cadre de socialisation et de revendication mémorielle culturelle au moyens des rencontres, des dialogues et des circulations intergénérationnelle et interculturelle des valeurs réputées ancestrales de paix, d’unité, de solidarité, de cohésion sociale et de patriotisme. Dans ce cas, les phénomènes contemporains liés à la mondialisation, ainsi que la volonté de renaître et de revivre ensemble, permettent des continuités culturelles et se structurent entre le rural, l’urbain et le diasporique.
Le roman de la diaspora africaine contemporaine : l’intergénéricité en question
Authors: MANIRAMBONA Fulgence
Published: August 2023

Cet article essaie de déceler, dans le roman africain de l’immigration contemporaine, la déconstruction de l’hégémonie occidentale sur les genres littéraires. Cette tendance est marquée par le contexte pluriculturel et plurilingue des auteurs-trices et se traduit par la figuration esthétique de l’« hétérogène », du « métissage », du « puzzle », du « patchwork », etc. revendiqués comme méthodes de construction du texte romanesque par les écrivain-e-s africain-e-s de la diaspora contemporaine. Dans cette perspective, le roman africain autorise l’inter-relation de plusieurs traits génériques y compris ceux issus de l’oralité et procède par des jeux incessants avec d’innombrables codes culturels servant à traduire le monde hétérogène de la postmodernité. Celui-ci est, par ailleurs, profondément marqué par le morcellement et la pluralité informationnelle qui exigent par conséquent une littérature pluridimensionnelle. À travers la théorie postcoloniale, nous tenterons d’analyser, dans un corpus qui n’a aucune prétention à l’exhaustivité, mais qui prend en compte la représentativité, cette structure littéraire protéiforme centrée sur l’altérité, la subversion et la transgression des codes génériques.
Interculturel et pédagogie des langues étrangères : cas du français et de l’anglais dans les écoles des camps de réfugié-e-s congolais-e-s de Musasa et Kinama au Burundi
Authors: NSAVYIMANA Rémy , NDAYIMIRIJE Marie-Immaculée
Published: August 2023

L’approche communicative a certainement révolutionné l’enseignement-apprentissage des langues étrangères en faisant de la communication un objectif majeur de la pratique langagière en classe. Cependant, si les concepteurs des programmes, les enseignants, ainsi que les apprenants se sont progressivement imprégnés de ses principes pour améliorer la compétence de communication, il s’avère que le volet « culture cible » est resté un aspect quasi absent dans la plupart des manuels de cours, et cela, malgré son importance. L’exploration faite de ce volet dans une enquête auprès des enseignant-e-s de français et d’anglais des camps de réfugié-e-s congolais-e-s de Musasa et Kinama, en province Muyinga du Burundi, ont montré une absence de l’approche interculturelle dans l’exploitation des programmes, certainement due à sa méconnaissance. Leurs propositions pour son intégration constituent, cependant, une base sur laquelle pourraient s’appuyer des initiatives innovantes sur le développement de la compétence de communication aux niveaux concernés.
TRAUMATISMO ANO RECTAL CONTUSO
Authors: Naranjo Cardenas Dayana
Published: August 2023

Introducción: El traumatismo ano rectal es una causa poco frecuente de consulta al servicio de emergencias; en la literatura reportan una incidencia del 1% al 3 %. A menudo están asociadas a lesiones potencialmente mortales; por esta razón es fundamental conocer los principios de diagnóstico y tratamiento, así como, los protocolos de atención inicial de pacientes politraumatizados.

Método: Reportamos un caso de un paciente masculino de 47 años con trauma anorectal contuso con compromiso de esfínter anal interno y externo.

Se realiza reparación primaria con técnica overlapping, proctorrafia de mucosa, submucosa y muscular de conducto anal.

Con seguimiento a los 12 meses, con buena evolución sin incontinencia anorrectal

Conclusión: El tratamiento del trauma rectal, con la experiencia en base al dogma de las 4 D (desbridamiento, derivación fecal, drenaje presacro, lavado distal), en lesiones de recto extraperitoneal se ha convertido en elección.

Palabras claves: Traumatismo anal, Traumatismo anorrectal, lesión traumática de esfínter anal.
Nuances do cangaço no Romance de Dom Pantero, de Ariano Suassuna
Authors: Malafaia Rosana
Published: August 2023

O presente estudo objetiva apresentar uma (re)leitura de Dom Pantero como um misto de cangaceiro e cavaleiro medieval pela perspectiva dos estudos intermidiáticos, tomando como texto base de análise as produções da Literatura de Cordel. Para percorrer essa aventura cangaceiresca, recorreu-se aos seguintes teóricos: Newton Jr. (2018) e Tavares (2007), contribuindo com referências a respeito da relação de Suassuna com a Literatura de Cordel; Curran (2009) e Vassalo (1993) na compreensão da relação entre o cangaceiro e o cavaleiro medieval; Rajewsky (2012) e Ribas (2017) esclarecendo sobre a análise intermidiática da obra, tangenciando o cavaleiro medieval ao cangaceiro e, por fim, a análise do personagem Dom Pantero como uma construção desse novo cangaceiro no âmbito literário. Assim, demonstrou-se que na contemporaneidade, ainda é possível vislumbrar a imagem do cangaceiro e de toda sua ambientação no cenário literário brasileiro.
Ovarian cancer, malignant ascites and microenvironment. Literature review
Authors: Aleshikova O. I. , Babaeva N. A. , Gerfanova E. V. , Antonova I. B. , Shender V. O. , Babaeva A.  E. , Ashrafyan L. A.
Published: August 2023

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a heterogenous disease in terms of genetic mutations and tumor phenotypes and can be divided into I and II types. Type II high grade tumors are more common, accompanied by ascites, and are the main cause of cancer-related death in women. OC associated ascites is considered as valuable source of tumor material containing a wide range of dissolved components and cell populations. Over the past decades, the cellular and acellular components of ascites have been studied, but its effect on chemoresistance and the development of metastasis continues to be studied. This review describes the pathogenesis of ascites in OC, it’s cellular and acellular components, many of which are prognostic factors as well as markers of the effectiveness of anticancer therapy. Further study of the ascitic fluid composition in OC will help to identify not only prognostic factors, but also the points of application of targeted drugs and will improve the results of OC treatment.
Hereditary predisposition to kidney cancer: cancer syndromes, multisystemic disorders, and nephropathies
Authors: Yanus G. A. , Iyevleva A. G. , Suspitsin E. N. , Tumakova A. V. , Belogubova E. V. , Aleksakhina S. N. , Togo A. V. , Imyanitov E. N.
Published: August 2023

Kidney cancer (KC) is a common disease characterized by extreme heterogeneity. There are nine known monogenic diseases associated with a significantly elevated KC risk: von Hippel-Lindau disease, MET-associated papillary renal cancer, familial multiple leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer, SDHx-associated familial pheochromocytoma/ paraganglioma, Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, Cowden syndrome, BAP1- and MITF-associated melanoma-KC predisposition. These syndromes differ in the degree of cancer risk, the quantity, growth and progression rates of associated precancerous lesions, the morphology, and clinical presentations of malignancy itself, and in the response to therapy. Identification of causative germline lesion allows planning the surveillance of a mutation carrier, choosing the right time and extent of surgery, and optimizing treatment regimen. Hereditary KC research often brings forward novel approaches to the management of sporadic “phenocopies” of hereditary syndromes, i.e. sporadic cancers with somatic mutations in similar genes. The main directions for further study of genetic factors of KC are to find novel KC genes, to study risk modifiers in carriers of highly penetrant mutations, to clarify the involvement of hereditary nephropathies in the occurrence of renal cancers.
Evaluation of Primary School Physical Education Facilities and Infrastructure in the Regional Office of Education in Patuk Sub-District, Gunungkidul District
Authors:   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia, Ismediyono Ismediyono , Guntur Guntur ,   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia, Susilowati Heni ,   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia, Arianto Afeb Chesa ,   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the facilities and infrastructure used in learning Physical Education Sports and Health in Elementary Schools in the Kapanewon Patuk Regional Office of Education, Gunung Kidul using the CIPP model which includes aspects of Context, Input, Process, and product. The research subjects consisted of principals and teachers. Data collection methods included documentation, observation, and interviews. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive techniques. The results showed that the condition and feasibility of facilities and infrastructure for game sports are still not good with an interval value of 49%, while the interval value for gymnastics and athletics are 31% and 26% respectively, with the overall interval value of the three types of sports is 35%. Fulfillment of standardization is also still not good with a value of 27%. However, the implementation of Physical Education, Sports, and Health learning is good with a score of 67% and the learning outcomes of Physical Education, Sports, and Health reached 75%. Therefore, although there are still shortcomings, the creativity and innovation of teachers in teaching have made the learning process of Physical Education, Sports, and Health run well and the fulfillment of the minimum completeness criteria for Physical Education, Sports, and Health subjects is fulfilled. The suggestion given is that there is a need for improvement and improvement in facilities and infrastructure, fulfillment of standards stipulated in regulations, use of appropriate learning methods and techniques, and increasing student involvement in sports activities to improve the quality of learning Physical Education, Sports, and Health in Elementary Schools in the Kapanewon Patuk Regional Office of Education, Gunungkidul Regency. In addition, special improvements need to be made to improve students' learning achievements in sports that are still poor through additional training or intensive activities.
The Determinants of Accounting Choices within the SMEs in Cameroon
Authors:   ESSEC (Higher School of Economic and Commercial Sciences) University of Douala, Liliane Michelle Amougou Medzo
Published: August 2023

Business management is a matter of business survival based on accounting choices. This paper examines the determinants of accounting choices above a mere financial policy view. A literature review on the factors influencing a company’s performance, helps highlighting stewardship and governance theory in order to explain the multidimensionality of accounting choices that can enlighten the understanding of the links between ... and the determinants within companies. By comparing samples of Small and Medium Enterprises in business with those that have ran out, we search the differences between both groups in terms of characteristics inherent to accounting choices. The empirical is based on two categories of the SMEs, on a sample of 189 from 2016 to 2018. The results highlight that accounting choices are correlated with the size of the SME as a factor encouraging the company’s financial policy.
Factors Influencing TVET Choices among Secondary School Students in Kuching
Authors: Omar Arenawati Sehat , Mohd. Desa Zalina -
Published: August 2023

TVET has not been well known among the Malaysian population. Participation in TVET has not yet been given a clear status. In Malaysia, TVET is currently not a popular option for higher education and is viewed negatively as it only serves dropouts. The majority of SPM graduates are still uncertain about which educational path they want to follow, and TVET is usually not their first choice. Given the recent surge in demand for skilled workers, this issue needs to be addressed. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate the perception of TVET among the genders and class streams of secondary school students. A quantitative descriptive study was conducted with 234 students from three different schools in the Kuching area who completed a questionnaire. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to analyze the data. This finding implies that there is no statistically significant difference between male and female participants' overall impressions. As a result, the study indicates that there is insufficient data to establish the existence of a significant variation in overall perceptions across genders. According to the findings of the data analysis utilizing One-way ANOVA and post-hoc testing, there is no significant difference in overall perceptions amongst students from different class streams. To deepen students' interest in TVET, the government should continuously provide comprehensive information on TVET to students on a regular basis, helping them to make educated decisions regarding their tertiary education.
Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacteria associated with Urinary Tract Infections among Pregnant Women attending Antenatal Clinic in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika-Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi, B.  , Shaibu M. A.  , Yakubu, H. O.
Published: August 2023

Bacterial urinary tract infection is one of the common health problems during pregnancy which can lead to complications. The misuse of antibiotics against the infection has led to emergence of antibiotic resistance bacteria. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria associated with urinary tract infections among pregnant women, attending antenatal clinic in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika-Zaria, Nigeria. A total of 110clean catch midstream urine (MSU) samples of pregnant women were collected and analyzed from August to November, 2019. The samples were subjected to bacteriological count using spread plate method. Isolation and identification of bacteria were carried out using cultural and biochemical tests. The isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test using Agar disc diffusion method. The results obtained showed that out of 110 samples collected, 70 (64%) were positive for UTI. Prevalence of UTI was higher among age group <18years (72.7%). Prevalence of UTI based on gestational age showed higher rate in second trimester (71.7%). Prevalence of UTI based on symptoms showed higher rate among women with pain during urination (75.0%) while those with lower back pain had the lowest rate of UTI (50.0%). Prevalence of UTI based on predisposing factors showed higher rate (73.3%) among those that used toilet roll to clean up after defecation than those that used water (62.1%).Those that practice the method of cleaning up from anus to vagina after defecation had higher rate of UTI (68.8%) than those that clean up from vagina to anus (59.7%). However, the rate was not statistically significant (p>0.05).­ Non-diabetic pregnant women had 63.7% prevalence of UTI while diabetic pregnant women had (62.5%). Staphylococcus aureus account for 16.4% of UTI cases in this study area. This was followed by Escherichia coli (10.9%), while the least implicated bacteria was Klebsiella spp (10%). Klebsiella species was 63.6% susceptible and resistant to gentamicin and amoxicillin respectively. Staphylococcus aureus was 94.4% susceptible and 44.4% resistance to streptomycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole respectively. Escherichia coli had the highest Multi-Drug Resistant in this study. Due to prevalence of UTI in this study area, it is essential to screen pregnant women for UTI in order to avoid complications during child delivery. Streptomycin was the drug of choice in treating the infection.
Antibacterial Activity of Imported Honey against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolated from Infected Wounds
Authors: Khadija Muhammad Lawan  , Binta Muhammad Aminu  , Abdulrazak Muhammad Hussain  , Abdulmumin Yunusa
Published: August 2023

The use of traditional and herbal medicine to treat infections has been in practice since the origin of mankind, and it was the only option for treatment before the era of antibiotics. This research work was aimed at evaluating the antibacterial activity of imported honey against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from different wound infections.152Samples from different wounds were obtained from patients with infected wounds attending Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital and Muhammadu Abdullahi Wase Specialist Hospital, Kano. The isolates were identified and confirmed using biochemical tests. The antibacterial activity of the honey and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against the isolates were determined using agar well diffusion and two-fold dilution method respectively. The results to detect MRSA revealed its incidence as 24.9%. The result of the antibacterial activity of honey revealed activity at all the concentrations with the diameter of zones of inhibition ranging from 8-34mm.The two imported honey used in the study showed varied bacteriostatic activities, and none of the isolates was resistant to the tested honeys. Therefore, the antibacterial activity of honey even at lower strength justify their efficacy in the treatment of wound infection.
Assessment of Aflatoxin Contamination in Maize and Groundnuts during Storage in Giwa Community, Kaduna State Nigeria
Authors: Abdurrazaq, M.  , Tijjani, M.B  , Atta, H.I.
Published: August 2023

Contamination of food and feed by aflatoxins has become a worldwide cause of public health concern due to its significant impact on human health and crop market value. The present study aimed to assess the aflatoxin contents of maize and groundnut from stores and warehouses in the Giwa community, Kaduna State, Nigeria. A total of ninety (90) grain samples of maize and groundnut were collected between October to December 2020 and analyzed for total aflatoxins using Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). Eighty-four 84(93.3%) of the samples had detectable aflatoxin levels (0.2-9.8ppb), while six 6(6.7%) had none. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the mean total aflatoxin content of the grains from stores, warehouses and household foodstuff samples. This could be attributed to agricultural practices and low temperature and humidity storage conditions, which were the same for all the stored grains. Overall, aflatoxin concentrations of the grain samples were within the acceptable limit (10ppb for maize and 15ppb for groundnut) for food safety set by NAFDAC. However, there could be further contamination during storage, particularly when temperature rises and humidity increases. Hence, improved storage conditions and monitoring of grain before sale are recommended to avoid contamination during storage and to ensure a healthy and safe food supply along the trade chain and to the consumers.
The Comparative Study of the Proximate and Mineral Composition of Bush Okro (Corchorus olitorious L.) under the Influence of Jatropha Seed Cake, Chicken droppings and NPK fertilizer
Authors: M. Idris  , M. Abdullahi  , H. Ahmad  , M. A. Garga  , N. Ibrahim  , R. Agyo-Likita  , A. Mohammad  , I. Bako  , I. M. Yusuf
Published: August 2023

This study compared the effects of chicken dropping, NPK fertilizer, and Jatropha seed cake on the growth of bush okro (Corchorus olitorious L.), as well as its proximate and mineral composition. In a completely randomized design with three fertilizer treatments at four levels, soil samples were homogenized with 1, 2, 4, and 8 g/bag each of Jatropha seed cake, chicken dropping, and NPK fertilizer for the growth of bush okra. Standard techniques were used to assess the compositions of the proximate and minerals. The highest percentages of ash, lipid, fiber, nitrogen, crude protein, and moisture observed in Jatropha seed cake were: 16.5% (4g/bag), 3.5% (8g/bag), 11.5% (4g/bag), 1.15% (1g/bag), 7.18% (1g/bag), and 7% (8g/bag), NPK fertilizer: 21.5% (1g/bag), 3.0% (2g/bag), 10.5% (1g/bag), 1.27% (1g/bag), 7.96% (1g/bag), and 7.5% (2g/bag), Chicken dropping: 20.5% (8g/bag), 3.5% (4g/bag), 10% (2g/bag), 1.12% (8g/bag), 7% (8g/bag), and 6.5% (2 and 8g/bag) respectively.. All of the minerals that were examined (Na, K, Ca, and Mg) were found to be present in modest amounts. The composition of Corchorus olitorious L. proximate and mineral components were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by fertilizer types. The study's findings indicate that the application of Jatropha seed cake, which is comparable to NPK fertilizer and chicken droppings at 8 g/bag, accelerates the growth of C. olitorious. The findings support the use of Jatropha seed cake as a source of organic fertilizer, which may aid in the present need for food that is produced.
Antibacterial Activity of some Antibiotics and Disinfectants against Airborne Bacteria Isolated from Restaurants in Yola
Authors: K. I. Chimbekujwo  , S. A. Ya’u  , R. D. Raskeb
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of some antibiotic and disinfectant against airborne bacteria from restaurants. Airborne bacteria were isolated from five different restaurants using open plate method and were characterized using standard microbiological techniques. The susceptibility of the isolates to some antibiotics and disinfectants was determined using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and well diffusion. The predominant bacteria identified in the air of the restaurants were S. aureus 9 (45%), Micrococcus spp. 5 (25%), Bacillus subtilis 4 (20 %) and P.  aeruginosa 2 (10 %). The results showed that the highest and lowest average densities of bacteria for both morning and afternoon release were for 71 and 86 CFU/ m3 and 37 and 46 CFU / m3 respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility test results revealed that S. aureus was susceptible to Ciprofloxaxin (88.9%), Ampiclox (66.7%), Amoxicillin (66.7%), Rocephin (55.6%) and Gentamycin (55.6%), but resistant to streptomycin and erythromycin. Micrococcus spp was susceptible to Pefloxacin (60%), Erythromycin (100%), Ciprofloxacin (100%), and Streptomycin (80%), but were resistance to Gentamycin, Zinnacet, and Co-trimoxazole. Bacillus subtillis were susceptible to Amoxicillin 4 (100 %), Pefloxacin, Gentamycin, Streptomycin and Ampiclox (50 %), and Zinnacet (75 %), but were resistance to Rocephin, Erythromycin and Co-trimoxazole. P. aeruginosa were susceptible to Ciprofloxacin (100%) and Augmentin (50%) but resistant to Gentamycin, Pefloxacin, ofloxacin, streptomycin, Chloramphenicol, Co-trimoxazole, Sparfloxacin, Amoxicilin and Rocephin. All the bacteria species showed multiple drug resistance. Disinfectants (Hypo and Dettol) showed antibacterial activity with varying magnitudes (50-100% concentrations but showed no efficacy at concentrations lower than 25%. The study identifies the presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria in the air of restaurants with varying degree of antimicrobial susceptibilities which may pose a serious health hazard to both students and workers.
Identification of Iron Reducing Bacteria from Kaolin of Different Mining Sites in Northern Nigeria for Potential Bioleaching Activity
Authors: Aisha, B.M.  , A.H. Kawo  , Yahaya, S.
Published: August 2023

Kaolin is a naturally occurring raw material for several industrial applications. Moreover, the economy of using Kaolin has some restrictions due to presence of iron-bearing impurities in form of oxides and hydroxides. This has a negative effect on the whiteness and refractoriness of some products and the production of high purity ceramics. The application of microbial leaching has been regarded as cheap and bio-friendly than conventional methods, hence this study investigates the isolation of potential iron reducing bacteria capable of providing efficient bioleaching. Bacteria isolation was carried out using serial dilution and plating techniquesResult of molecular, morphological and biochemical analyses reveal the presence of many bacterial isolates that includes Acinobacter spp., Aeromonas spp., Clostridium spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Sporanaerobacter spp. Aeromonas and Sporanaerobacter species were identified as more closely related to the Pseudomonas and Geobacter species that are reported to be good iron reducing bacteria. This may suggest a possible candidate strain that could provide efficient bioleaching activity. Result of X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry of Kaolin prior to isolation and identification of indigenous bacteria was found to contain the following oxides; Fe2O3, SiO2, A12O3, MgO, P2O5, SO3, TiO2, MnO and CaO which confirmed the identity of Kaolin samples collected. The highest oxide was found to be SiO2.
Evaluation of Aflatoxin-Producing Fungi in Indoor Air of Warehouses and Houses of Farmers in Giwa, Kaduna State Nigeria
Authors: Abdurrazaq, M.  , Tijjani, M.B  , Atta, H.I.
Published: August 2023

The health risks associated with ingesting food contaminated with mycotoxins, particularly aflatoxin-contaminated staple foods like maize and other cereals, have been widely studied. However, there is little knowledge about the role of inhalation of pathogenic fungi as bioaerosols in contaminated air from handling crops as an occupational health risk. This paper presents a study aimed at determining the level of airborne aflatoxin-producing fungi in the indoor air of grain stores in the Giwa community of Kaduna State. Indoor air was sampled using the settling plate technique from grain stores, warehouses and living rooms. Metrological data of the studied area were collected from the Institute of Agricultural Research, ABU, Zaria. Airborne mycofloral concentrations were determined, and colonies of Aspergillus flavus were identified. The isolates were screened for aflatoxin production on Neutral Red Desiccated Coconut Agar (NRDCA). Selected aflatoxin-producing fungal isolates were screened for the presence of aflD (nor-1), aflM (ver-1) and AflR genes by PCR. Sampling was done once every month from October to December 2020. Mycofloral concentrations were in the range of 2.77x103−4.05x103 and 1.55x103−2.17x103CFUm-3for grain stores and living rooms respectively. A total of twelve (12) strains of A. flavus were isolated from the indoor air of the grain stores and warehouses while none was obtained from the living room. Eleven (11) isolates were confirmed to be aflatoxigenic on NRDCA, presenting 30 CFUm-3 of the indoor air mycofloral composition. The aflD, aflM and aflR were amplified with aflD being the most detected gene from all the aflatoxin-producing mould isolates of Aspergillus species. The mycofloral concentrations in the grain stores were higher than those in the living room and, in all the sampling sites, exceeded the limit of the total mycofloral concentration of 500 CFUm-3 for agricultural and industrial environments. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in the indoor mycofloral concentrations between the grain stores/warehouses and the living room. The presence of aflatoxigenic strains of A. flavus in the stores indicates that grain handlers and traders are at risk of occupational exposure to aflatoxigenic fungi and aflatoxins. Hence, they should wear protective materials for their safety while working in such stores.
Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Ficus sycomorus and Hyphaene theibaica leaf Extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans
Authors: Bristone James Pola  , Emmanuel Ijabani  , Joyce Briska
Published: August 2023

The effective use of Ficus sycomorus and Hyphaene theibaica traditionally in treatment of variety of illnesses has been widely reported. The aim of the study was to determine the antimicrobial activities of the leaf extracts of Ficus sycomorus and Hyphaene theibaica on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Fresh leaves of Ficus sycomorus and Hyphaene theibaica were collected, dried and subjected to ethanolic extraction, and screened for phytochemicals. Five different concentrations of each extract was prepared viz: 200, 160, 120, 80 and 40 mg/mL using distilled water as solvent and tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans using agar well diffusion method.   Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed that F. sycomorus contained phenol saponins, tannins, flavonoids and steroids while H. theibaica contains Saponin, flavonoids, alkaloid, phenol and steroids. Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic leaf extracts of Ficus sycomorus was observed only against Escherichia coli at 200 mg/mL. While no zones of inhibition were observed against any of the test isolates for ethanolic leaf extracts of Hyphaene theibaica. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of F. sycomorus extracts on E. coli was 100 mg/mL and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 200 mg/mL. The activity of F. sycomorus leaf extract on E. coli being an enteric bacteria, could justify the traditional claims of its use in effective treatment of diarrhea and other stomach complications.
Prevalence and Antibiotics resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from post-operative wounds in secondary health facilities of Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Oba, A.N.  , Nuhu, A.
Published: August 2023

Healthcare-associated infections are of different forms, with Surgical Site Infections (SSI) being the second most common type, they continue to be a relatively common postoperative complications and the most frequent reason for re-admission following surgery. Several data from around the world revealed Staphylococcus aureus to be the leading cause of surgical site infection. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the occurrence and drug resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicilin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from post-operative wounds in secondary health facilities within the Ilorin metropolis. With the aid of sterile cotton swabs, a total of hundred and thirty-two (132) wound swab samples were obtained from patients who had been clinically diagnosed with surgical site infection. These samples were processed as per standard microbiological techniques. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated at an occurrence rate of 15.2%. Chi-square analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the number of isolates in relation to both hospitals (GHI and CHO) (p<0.05), the highest occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus (12.6%) was seen in GHI, while an occurrence rate of (24.1%) was recorded at CHO. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile revealed that 8(40%) of the S.aureus isolates were Methicilin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). S.aureus showed 100% susceptibility to Tigecycline and it was 100% resistant to Cefoxitin.  Therefore, these findings affirmed that there is significant resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from post-operative wounds in health facilities of the Ilorin metropolis.