bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metaphor and Meaning in the Teleological Language of Biology
Authors: Crawford Annie L.
Published: August 2020

In the early twentieth century, neo-Darwinian evolutionary theory replaced traditional teleological causality as the accepted explanatory basis for biology. Yet, despite this rejection of teleology, biologists continue to resort to the language of purpose and design in order to define function, explain physiological processes, and describe behavior. The legitimacy of such teleological language is currently debated among biologists and philosophers of science. Many biologists and educators argue that teleological language can function as a type of convenient short-hand for describing function while some argue that such language contradicts the fundamentally ateleological nature of evolutionary theory. Others, such as Ernst Mayr, have attempted to redefine teleologyin such a way as to evade any metaphysical implications. However, most discussions regarding the legitimacy of teleological language in biology fail to consider the nature of language itself. Since conceptual language is intrinsically metaphorical, teleological language can be dismissed as decorative if and only if it can be replaced with alternative metaphors without loss of essential meaning. I conclude that, since teleological concepts cannot be abstracted away from biological explanations without loss of meaning and explanatory power, life is inherently teleological. It is the teleological character of life which makes it a unique phenomenon requiring a unique discipline of study distinct from physics or chemistry.
Tutorial: Bioinformatics Basics
Authors: Holloway Eric
Published: August 2020

Bioinformatics can appear to be a daunting field, since it combines the complex science of biology with the complex theory of computer science. However, the basics are surprisingly simple.  This tutorial gives a glimpse of the tools and techniques needed to get started in the field.
Empirical Active Information
Authors: Holloway Eric
Published: August 2020

This letter establishes probability bounds for Active Information from observed events.
DO DIREITO PARA A CIÊNCIA POLÍTICA SOB OS DESCAMINHOS DA POLÍTICA: ENTREVISTA SOBRE O PROF. OSWALDO GUSMÃO
Authors: Rêgo Carlos Eduardo Oliva de C.
Published: August 2020

Entrevista sobre a trajetória do professor Oswaldo Herbster de Gusmão (1922-2015) – concedida por seu filho, Prof. Paulo Gusmão, no âmbito da pesquisa realizada pelo autor para elaboração de sua tese de doutorado em Ciência Política – defendida junto ao PPGCP/UFF com o título de Sob os (des)caminhos da Política: a Ciência Política na FNFi/UB e no IFCS/UFRJ e as trajetórias de seus professores –, tendo sido o único professor de Ciência Política da Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia (FNFi) da Universidade do Brasil que, impedido de lecionar pelo regime militar (1964-1985), retornaria ao quadro de docentes do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Sociais (IFCS) da UFRJ ainda no início da década de 1980, após a chamada Lei da Anistia, a Lei nº 6.683/79, como professor titular de Ciência Política deste instituto. Nos marcos do interesse da Associação Brasileira de Ciência Política (ABCP) de estabelecer uma memória da Ciência Política no Brasil e após 55 anos do Golpe Militar de 1964 e 50 anos das cassações de tantos professores do IFCS ocorridas em 1969, além de estarem se completando os 80 anos da criação do curso de Ciências Sociais do atual IFCS/UFRJ, recuperarmos a memória da trajetória do Prof. Oswaldo Gusmão é não só contarmos uma parte importante da história das Ciências Sociais no Brasil, mas também nos relembrarmos do quanto os (des)caminhos da política já atingiram este campo, deixando profundas marcas nas trajetórias individuais e institucionais.
A Sociologia no Ensino Médio: uma relação necessária
Authors: Fontes Barbara de Souza
Published: August 2020

A presente edição da Perspectiva Sociológica – A Revista de Professores de Sociologia (ISSN 1983-0076), através de múltiplos olhares, reflexões e experiências, apresenta as potencialidades da bem sucedida relação entre as ciências sociais e o ensino secundário.
Estranhando o cotiano com a ajuda da Sociologia: práticas de ensino em uma oficina de direitos humanos
Authors: Gomes Ramón Chaves , Gardel Sofia Velloso Rocha
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo discutir a dimensão pedagógica e sociológica do estranhamento no ambiente escolar. Através da descrição de três situações vividas em uma escola, pretendemos reconstituir a repercussão que a dissonância entre visões de mundo teve em três grupos diferentes: os alunos, o professor e os coordenadores da escola. Por meio de uma abordagem centrada nos conflitos, de inspiração simmeliana, buscamos evitar tratamentos generalistas ao tópico do estranhamento, e demarcar um ponto de vista teórico-metodológico em relação à forma de pensar a experiência da sociologia em sala de aula. Parece-nos que, em função de uma tendência histórica e social, “os grandes conflitos”, muitas vezes entendidos como os verdadeiros conflitos sociais, constituem a matriz básica do ensino de sociologia na educação básica. Com este relato, buscamos argumentar que, por serem também objetos sociológicos, os estranhamentos cotidianos são fontes igualmente legítimas do conhecimento ensinado e, nesse caso também produzido, em sala de aula.
ENSINO DE SOCIOLOGIA E O CONTEXTO DA REFORMA DA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Peçanha Valéria Lopes
Published: August 2020

Decretada a Lei da Reforma do Ensino Médio (13.415/2017), que modificou a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB) de 1996, o Ensino de Sociologia perdeu o caráter de disciplina obrigatória, tal como diversas disciplinas fundamentais para a formação cidadã e crítica da juventude brasileira, gerando impasses para a consolidação da BNCC. Esta conjuntura ameaçadora, que inclui ainda um novo regime fiscal austero, prevendo o congelamento dos gastos públicos por 20 anos, ao mesmo tempo em que privilegia a formação para o mercado de trabalho, utilizando mecanismos obscuros como o notório saber, se instaura de modo autoritário a despeito da resistência de profissionais da Educação e estudantes. Diante da urgência de debater tais questões, a Perspectiva Sociológica – A Revista de Professores de Sociologia (ISSN 1983-0076) traz em sua 21ª edição, que corresponde ao primeiro semestre de 2018, o tema Ensino de Sociologia e o contexto da Reforma da Educação.
A BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR ATROPELADA PELA REFORMA DO ENSINO MÉDIO: UMA ENTREVISTA COM MARCELO BURGOS
Authors: Azevedo Gustavo Cravo de
Published: August 2020

RESUMO: Entrevista com o professor Marcelo Burgos, doutor em Sociologia pelo IUPERJ (1997), e professor do departamento de Ciências Sociais da PUC-Rio, onde atua na graduação e na pós-graduação. Marcelo fez parte da equipe que representou a Sociologia na elaboração da segunda versão da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). A entrevista visa contribuir e qualificar o debate sobre as recentes mudanças no ensino médio, em particular aquelas relativas à Sociologia enquanto disciplina escolar. A entrevista buscou explorar também temas como a previsão legal, a importância e a elaboração da segunda versão da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), o papel da Sociologia na Base, a formação de nossa juventude e a reforma do ensino médio.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Ensino de Sociologia. Reforma do Ensino Médio.
Factores de riesgo asociados a la diabetes mellitus tipo II en indígenas de Latinoamérica, revisión de literatura 2000-2016
Authors: Nivia Diaz Gleidis , Romero Ortiz Ubith , Dimate García Eduardo , Rodríguez Romero Diana Carolina
Published: August 2020

La diabetes Mellitus (DM), es una enfermedad que se presenta cuando el páncreas no puede fabricar insulina suficiente y genera un factor de riesgo en la salud cardiovascular de quien la padece. Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a la diabetes Mellitus tipo II (DMII), en Indígenas de Latinoamérica a la luz de la literatura, con el fin de aportar información que contribuya a mejorar las estrategias de vigilancia en esta población. Materiales y Métodos: revisión de literatura en países latinoamericanos y publicados entre los años 2000 y 2016, en bases de datos como Scielo, Science Direct, Pubmed y Lilacs; 32 artículos cumplieron con los criterios de selección, en tres idiomas inglés, español y portugués. La búsqueda se realizó con los términos de lenguaje libre, Decs y Mesh. Resultados: se puede asociar los riesgos metabólicos de las razas no indígenas frente a las indígenas, como factores pre disponentes para el padecimiento de la DM II. Conclusiones: los diferentes autores coinciden en afirmar, los cambios y culturización de las comunidades indígenas de Latinoamérica hacen que se aumente el riesgo en el padecimiento de la DM II.
Transformaciones necesarias y cómo construirlas para contribuir a elevar el nivel de desarrollo humano en la región desde la gerencia de sistemas de salud
Authors: Ospina Ramírez Juan José , Mejía Marín Ximena
Published: August 2020

La OMS define la calidad como “el grado en el que los servicios de salud prestados a personas y poblaciones aumentan la probabilidad de lograr los resultados sanitarios deseados y son coherentes con los conocimientos profesionales del momento” (1). Así, se entiende la calidad desde las normas ISO 9000 como el grado en el que un conjunto de características inherentes cumple con la necesidad o expectativa establecida, generalmente implícita y obligatoria (2, 3). El concepto de calidad en la atención médica más utilizado es el que definió Avedis Donabedian: “el tipo de atención que maximiza el bienestar del paciente, después de tener en cuenta el balance de pérdidas y ganancias esperadas, contemplando el proceso de atención en todas sus partes” (4). Se pretende, entonces, relacionar de manera reflexiva, cuáles han sido los avances de la normativa colombiana a lo largo de los últimos 25 años, para incentivar las trasformaciones necesarias y cómo debemos, en conjunto, el colectivo de trabajadores del área de la salud, construir para contribuir a elevar el nivel de desarrollo humano en la región desde la gerencia de sistemas de salud. El texto quiere invitar al lector a hacer una aproximación de manera general al SOCG (Sistema Obligatorio de Garantía de la Calidad) desde la gerencia de sistemas de salud y evidenciar cómo ha sido su evolución a lo largo de los últimos 25 años, así como plantear estrategias administrativas y gerenciales de marketing, las cuales se evidencian como fallos del mercado con desarrollos inapropiados y cómo el gobierno colombiano, a través de la Resolución 429 de 2016 (5), plantea hasta ahora un paradigma con necesidades prontas de implementación.
Prevalencia de parasitismo intestinal y sus factores asociados en publicaciones indexadas de Colombia: revisión sistemática 2000-2017
Authors: Baena Herrera Diana Marcela , Fajardo Trochez Ana Marcela , Flórez Amaya Jorge William , Cardona-Arias Jaiberth Antonio
Published: August 2020

Introducción. En Colombia, las parasitosis intestinales constituyen un problema de salud pública poco investigado (o invisibilizado), a pesar de su relevancia como trazador de pobreza. Objetivo. Analizar la prevalencia de parasitismo intestinal y sus factores asociados en publicaciones indexadas de Colombia 1990-2017. Métodos. Revisión sistemática de la literatura científica a partir de la aplicación de un protocolo ex ante de selección de artículos con 40 estrategias, según las fases de identificación, tamización, elección e inclusión de Prisma. Se garantizó la reproducibilidad de la selección de los artículos y la extracción de la información. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica con la guía Strobe. Se estimaron prevalencias generales y específicas según agentes parasitarios, etnia y edad. Resultados. Se incluyeron 20 estudios con 4.226 sujetos, principalmente de Antioquia, niños y población mestiza. La prevalencia general fue 65,9 % (IC de 95 % = 64,5 - 67,4), con un 38,2 % (IC de 95 % = 36,3 - 40,0) de poliparasitismo y 19,1 % (IC de 95 % = 16,2 - 21,9) por especies patógenas. Las infecciones más prevalentes corresponden a Blastocystis hominis con 34,0 % (IC de 95 % = 32,5 - 35,6), E. coli 27,4 % (IC de 95 % = 25,8 - 29,0), E. nana 26,2 % (IC de 95 % = 24,6 - 27,7) y E. histolytica/ dispar/moshkovski 15,1 % (IC de 95 % = 13,9 - 16,3); mientras que las especies de menor magnitud fueron E. hominis, C. cayatenensis, E. vermicularis y T. hominis. La infección fue 23,6 % mayor en niños indígenas en comparación con niños mestizos; en adultos no se registraron diferencias estadísticas según la etnia. Conclusión. Las investigaciones publicadas en revistas indexadas refieren una elevada prevalencia de parasitismo intestinal global, así como la alta frecuencia de algunas especies. Para el caso colombiano, las publicaciones refieren a múltiples factores asociados con la pobreza, las condiciones materiales de vida y los aspectos sociodemográficos; aunque solo se pudo metaanalizar el mayor riesgo de la población de niños e indígenas.
Motivación autodeterminada para la actividad física y su correlación con la composición corporal en una cohorte de sujetos adultos con sobrepeso
Authors: Romero-Díaz Solangie , Zona Diana Carolina , García-Muñoz Ana Isabel , Buitrago Romero Jairo , Amador Martínez William , Bonilla María Fernanda , Villa Javier
Published: August 2020

Introducción. La motivación conduce a las personas a ejecutar acciones en pro de alcanzar una meta u objetivo. Este estudio buscó examinar la correlación entre la motivación autodeterminada para la actividad física y la composición corporal, en una cohorte de sujetos adultos con sobrepeso. Métodos. Se utilizó la herramienta BREQ 2 de autoinforme y para la antropometría fue medida por un técnico ISAK 1 y la composición corporal con báscula Tanita BC 420. Resultados. 46 % (n = 18) de los participantes eran mujeres y 54 % (n = 21) hombres. Edad promedio 31 ± 11 años, IMC: 25 ± 3 kg/m2, masa muscular 49 ± 9 %, masa grasa 27 ± 16%, circunferencia de cintura (CC) 80 ± 7cm, cadera 98 ± 6cm, ICC 0,8 ± 0,05 cm. Conclusión. Se observó una correlación negativa entre variables antropométricas como IMC e ICC con el índice de autodeterminación en mujeres (r = -1 p < 0,05). La evaluación de la motivación autodeterminada debe ser la base para la programación de actividad física en población con sobrepeso.
Prevalencia de Anaplasma Spp. en humanos: revisión sistemática de la literatura entre 2000 y 2017
Authors: Vidal Alzate Juliana , Acevedo Castro Tatiana , Osorno Palacio Dayhanna , Urán Velázquez Johanna , Cardona-Arias Jaiberth Antonio
Published: August 2020

Introducción: La anaplasmosis es una enfermedad febril aguda transmitida por garrapatas. En humanos la especie más importante es Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Objetivo: Metanalizar la prevalencia de anaplasma en humanos reportada en la literatura científica mundial. Métodos: Revisión sistemática de la literatura según las fases Prisma con 14 estrategias de búsqueda en tres bases de datos multidisciplinarias. Se garantizó la reproducibilidad y la evaluación de la calidad metodológica. Los análisis se basaron en proporciones con sus intervalos de confianza del 95 %. Resultados: Se sistematizaron 15 estudios publicados entre 2004 y 2017, la mayoría en Polonia (20 %) y China (20 %). El 73 % utilizó IFI y en los demás se empleó PCR anidada o Elisa. La mayoría de grupos de estudio correspondió a sujetos con exposición ocupacional o contacto con animales infectados. La prevalencia con PCR fue de 15,6 % (IC de 95 % = 13,1 - 18,0), con IFI de 9,3 % (IC de 95 % = 8,5 - 10,0) y con Elisa de 2,8 % (IC de 95 % = 2,5 - 3,1). Conclusión: Se reportó una elevada frecuencia de infección y exposición a Anaplasma spp. en humanos, al tiempo que se identificaron puntos importantes para orientar estudios posteriores relacionados con las infecciones cruzadas, las coinfecciones y la circulación del vector.
Incertidumbre frente a la enfermedad en mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer de seno
Authors: Muñoz Monterroza Dennys Isabel , Cogollo Jiménez Regina , Arteaga Noriega Aníbal , Hernández Pérez Sandra
Published: August 2020

El cáncer de seno (o cáncer de mama) es una enfermedad crónica que puede generar incertidumbre, afectar la salud integral y comprometer la calidad de vida de la paciente. Estudio correlacional, cuantitativo y transversal que se hizo con el objetivo de relacionar el grado de incertidumbre de las mujeres con cáncer de seno, según variables sociodemográficas y de diagnóstico.

La muestra se realizó con 61 participantes, mediante muestreo por conveniencia. Se utilizó un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos y la escala de incertidumbre de Mishel. El procesamiento y análisis de datos se realizó a través de SPSS 19 y la relación entre las variables mediante Chi-cuadrado.

La mayoría de la población en estudio tiene una edad entre 50 y 69 años. El 62% presenta regular grado de incertidumbre.

El grado de incertidumbre en la población estudiada está relacionado con las variables: nivel educativo y tiempo de diagnóstico.
Adopción del rol del cuidador familiar del paciente crónico: Una herramienta para valorar la transición
Authors: Carreño Moreno Sonia , Chaparro Diaz Lorena
Published: August 2020

La progresión de la enfermedad crónica en las personas que la padecen ha permitido el surgimiento de los cuidadores familiares como una forma de cuidado natural de los seres humanos. Sin embargo, esta labor es invisible, difícil y en algunos casos gratificante para un sujeto que adopta un rol. Objetivo: Desarrollar un instrumento que permita medir el constructo de adopción del rol de cuidador familiar de una persona con enfermedad crónica. Materiales y método: Se desarrolló en fases de revisión de literatura, establecimiento de bases conceptuales y desarrollo de ítems. Resultados: Se integraron dos investigaciones realizadas entre 2007 y 2012, se contrastaron los hallazgos con la teoría de transiciones de Meleis A y se construyeron 22 ítems del instrumento ROL (Labores, Organización y Respuestas ante el Rol). Conclusiones: Se debe continuar las fases de validez y confiabilidad del instrumento para mostrar solidez teórica.
La queratometría como variable predictora de la ametropía: un estudio diagnóstico en la población escolarizada de 5 a 19 años de la ciudad de Pereira
Authors: Sánchez Montaña Héctor Aníbal , Zapata Giraldo Paulo Cesar , Delgado Solarte Yuli Carolina , Potes Flórez Maryury
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: La finalidad de esta investigación fue determinar la relación entre la curvatura corneal y los defectos de refracción en la población estudiantil de 5 a 19 años de la ciudad de Pereira en el año 2014.Materiales y Métodos: El tipo de estudio es observacional correlacional descriptivo, en el cual se indica el modelo de regresión lineal simple entre la queratometría y la retinoscopía. A través de retinoscopía estática y queratometría se evaluó el error refractivo en 915 estudiantes de Pereira.Resultados: El valor cilíndrico obtenido para el OD (ojo derecho) oscila entre -0,12 y -5,50dpt y para el OI (ojo izquierdo) -0,12 y -6,12dpt, en donde el 86,6% del Meridiano Eje (ME) OD está entre 38,00 y 43,88dpt, en tanto que el 87,2% del ME OI se encuentra entre 32,00 y 43,88dpt. La ametropía positiva para el OD está entre 0,25 y 8,00dpt, para el OI 0,25 y 7,50dpt, la negativa en OD 6,00 y OI 6,50dpt como valores máximos. En relación a la curvatura corneal y a las ametropías el OD muestra una correlación de Pearson negativa, de -0,21 (p=0.0001). En el OI la correlación de Pearson también es negativa, de -0,20 (p=0.0001). Por lo tanto, la relación encontrada entre estas dos variables es tan solo del 5,1% y un 4,7% para OD y OI respectivamente.Conclusiones: La relación entre la curvatura corneal y los errores de refracción de acuerdo a este modelo solo explica un porcentaje insignificante que no tiene importancia clínica, es del 4,9% en promedio del valor obtenido en el error refractivo en ambos ojos, por lo cual, no permite hacer una predicción de los errores refractivos en base al radio de curvatura corneal.
Evaluación de la eficacia de la combinación de dos terapias estrogénicas locales más un lubricante vaginal, para el control de los síntomas del síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia
Authors: Espitia De La Hoz Franklin J. , Orozco Gallego Hoover
Published: August 2020

Objetivo:Evaluar la eficacia de la combinación de dos terapias estrogénicas locales con un lubricante vaginal (K-Y gel), para el control de los síntomas de la vulvovaginitis atrófica severa.Materiales y métodos:Estudio prospectivo, controlado y aleatorizado. Se incluyeron 57 mujeres posmenopáusicas atendidas en la consulta de climaterio del autor, entre julio de 2014 y julio de 2016. Se establecieron dos grupos, 30 mujeres recibieron 0.625 mg intravaginales de estrógenos equinos conjugados dos veces a la semana (grupo A), y 27 mujeres recibieron estriol a dosis de 0,5 mg intravaginales dos veces a la semana durante seis meses (grupo B). Ambos grupos recibieron, adicional a la terapia hormonal, 5 gramos intravaginales del lubricante cada 6 horas. A todas las mujeres, para evaluar el estatus hormonal, antes del inicio y a los seis meses, se les determinó el índice de maduración vaginal, en simultánea, se le calculaba el índice de salud vaginal, el que se continuó realizando mensualmente en cada control.Resultados:Las mujeres del grupo A mostraron una reducción en la sintomatología, al final del estudio, del 72% frente al 87% del grupo B. Ninguna de las mujeres presentó complicaciones relacionadas con la terapia.Conclusiones:El uso de la terapia estrogénica local, en la vulvovaginitis atrófica severa, es una medida bien tolerada; a los seis meses de seguimiento se pone de manifiesto una mejoría significativa de los síntomas y el índice de salud vaginal. El uso de estriol con lubricante, se asoció con mejores resultados y menores efectos adversos, en comparación con los estrógenos equinos conjugados y el lubricante; no obstante, las tasas de satisfacción sexual fueron similares
循环牵引索道运输在输电线路工程中的应用研究
Authors: 詹 亭
Published: August 2020

文章首先对循环牵引索道运输方式相关技术参数的选取确认过程进行了介绍；其次，围绕循环牵引索道的组成及施工现场布置、不同受力部位的参数计算、架设过程、运输施工等循环牵引索道运输在输电线路工程中的具体应用展开分析；最后，阐述了在输电线路工程中应用循环牵引索道运输方式需要注意的重点问题，希望为从业人员提供一定的参考。
对水利水电信息化技术应用与管理的思考
Authors: 张 著豆
Published: August 2020

信息技术在水利水电工程当中的广泛应用，说明当前水利水电技术已经受到了信息技术的影响，只有将两者进行充分的结合，才可以最大化的发挥信息技术在水利水电发展过程当中的作用，也只有使得相关的技术人员不断地进行创新和探索，结合当前水利水电工程发展建设的主要特点以及工程的实际需求，才可以更好的利用信息技术和电子基础以及网络技术等等，确保水利水电信息化具有一定的先进性，也可以推动水利水电技术的发展和进步。
电力工程造价管理存在的问题及改进措施
Authors: 斯 学仁
Published: August 2020

当前我国在全面建成小康社会，我国社会正处于一个关键的时期，对电力资源的需求在不断地加大，电力建设的规模在不断的扩大。在电力行业电力中工程造价是决定投资金额的一个关键的指标，也是确保电力行业快速发展的一个重要保证，因此，想要进一步的加快小康社会的建设，就一定要保证电力行业的发展和进步，文章主要对电力工程造价进行详细的分析，针对其中出现的问题进行了深入的探讨。
基于PLC技术在电气工程自动化控制中的应用研究
Authors: 唐 秀波
Published: August 2020

近年来，我国加大了改革开放的力度，从而使得各个领域得到了良好的发展。在多方面利好的影响下，使得我国电气工程自动化技术水平得到了显著的提升。现如今PLC技术已经成为了电气工程自动化控制中的核心技术，充分的将PLC应用技术与电气控制技术融合在一起，不但可以推动电气工程行业整体综合实力的提升，并且还可以协助电气企业获得更加丰厚的经济和社会收益，鉴于此，这篇文章主要针对PLC技术在电气工程自动化控制中的实践运用展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国电气工程行业的持续稳定发展有所帮助。
水库工程中的防渗漏处理技术
Authors: 赵 凯
Published: August 2020

社会的飞速发展过程中，使得大量的水资源被利用，从而使得水资源匮乏的问题越发的凸现出来，为了提升水资源的利用效率，大量的水利工程项目应时而生。在实际开展水利工程建造、管理以及维保工作的时候，务必要对水库的防渗漏问题加以侧重关注。如果水库发生渗漏的问题那么必然会对水利工程质量产生一定的损害，并且也会导致水库工程使用寿命的降低。再有，如果水库出现渗漏的问题而没有第一时间加以解决，也会威胁到周边民众的人身安全，鉴于此，这篇文章主要围绕水库工程防渗漏处理技术展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对水利工程行业的良好发展有所帮助。
探研水利水电工程中水闸施工技术与管理的分析
Authors: 董 建
Published: August 2020

水利水电工程是国民建设项目中的重要内容，水利水电工程施工技术的提升是促进我国水利水电工程行业稳步健康发展的主要基础。水闸工程作为水利水电工程中的一把"利刃剑"，是利用闸门控制流量和调节水位的低水头水工建筑物，具有挡水和泄水双重功能，应用广泛。本文综合以往所参与建设的多个水闸施工经验，就水闸施工技术和相应的管理措施展开针对性的分析研究，阐述个人的一些观点和经验，与广大读者共享。
水利水电工程施工成本管理及其控制措施
Authors: 黄 文超
Published: August 2020

在最近的几年时间里，我国加大了改革开放的力度，从而推动了社会经济水平的提升，为各个领域的发展壮大带来了良好的机遇，尤其是水利水电工程行业的发展更加的迅速。为了保证能够为社会的发展和民众的生活提供充足的水电资源，我国各个地区出现了大量的水利水电工程，这样也加剧了水利水电工程行业内的竞争形势。水利水电施工单位要想保证自身的良好发展，那么最为重要的就是需要从各个层面入手来提升自身的综合实力，加大力度对工程施工成本进行全面的管控，保证企业能够获得更加丰厚的经济和社会收益。水利水电工程整体规模较大，所以工程整体成本十分巨大，这样就对施工成本控制和管理工作的开展带来了诸多的困难。要想保证水利工程施工成本控制和管理工作的效率和效果，那么施工单位需要充分结合各方面实际情况来制定完善的施工成本管理机制，并且在实践中加以切实的落实，这样才能实现既定的施工成本控制目的。
水利水电工程规划设计对生态环境的影响
Authors: 黄 文超
Published: August 2020

在多方面有利因素的影响下，我国社会经济水平得到了显著的提升，从而为我国水利工程行业的发展壮大带来了良好基础。水利工程行业不仅与社会发展存在直接的关联，并且也与民众的生活密切相关，尽管我国水利水电工程项目在科技快速发展的带动下整体规模得到了良好的扩展，为我国综合国力的提升起到了积极的影响作用，但是在这个过程中也使得生态破坏问题越发的严重。生态环境逐渐恶化最终导致生态环境出现不平衡的问题，从而会对人类社会稳定发展产生一定的阻碍。所以我们需要加大力度对水利水电工程规划工作给予重点关注，充分结合各方面实际情况，在保证不损害生态环境的基础上，促进水利水电工程行业的稳步健康发展。
临江二站防雷保护浅析
Authors: 张 勇
Published: August 2020

无为市临江二站在2009年汛期遭受雷击，导致变压器设备绝缘损坏，文章针对临江二站遭受雷击原因进行了分析，并提出了泵站避免雷击的措施，希望对今后泵站建设防雷保护有所帮助。
基层泵站管理体制改革后现状存在的问题分析及对策
Authors: 张 勇
Published: August 2020

我市水管单位体制改革已有14年，现有的职工技术、业务能力不能满足现阶段标准化建设的泵站管理要求，文章分析了泵站管理人员存在问题的现状，提出了探索泵站管理采取市场化服务，以期为今后水利工程管理提供帮助。
水利水电工程管理及施工质量控制的相关问题探究
Authors: 张 磊
Published: August 2020

在当前时期，国内经济呈现出良好的发展趋势，水利水电工程的受关注程度也提高了很多，项目建设的过程中投入的资金有大幅增加，质量方面的要求也提高了很多。若想保证水利水电施工质量达到标准要求，必须要针对工程展开针对性管理，尤其是要保证施工质量得到有效管控。对国内水利水电工程的现状予以分析可知，工程规模逐渐扩大，复杂程度也提高很多，这就使得管理工作的难度明显增加。切实做好工程管理、施工质量控制等工作，可以使得资源利用率大幅提高，进而带来理想的经济效益。从事管理工作的相关人员必须要从水利水电施工的实际情况出发，寻找到行之有效的管理模式，管理过程中依据实际需要对管理方法予以适当调整，以期使得工程建设的整体质量有大幅提高。文章主要从国内水利水电工程的现状出发，对工程管理、施工质量控制等展开深入探析，针对存在的问题提出切实可行的应对之策，以期使得工程项目能够有序展开。
农村供水工程建设的现状及发展趋势
Authors: 边 锋 , 石 玲玲
Published: August 2020

近年来，我国综合国力得到了全面的发展，从而推动了民众生活水平的不断提升。就当下农村地区的民众来说，饮水的质量与民众的生活息息相关，并且如果饮水质量无法得到保证，那么必然会对民众的身体健康造成严重的损害。农村地区饮水工程质量不仅与农村地区民众生活质量密切相关，并且良好的饮水工程在推动农村地区经济发展方面具有积极的影响作用。所以相关行政机构务必要对农村饮水工程加以重点关注，充分结合地区各方面实际情况，利用有效的方式方法提升农村供水工程整体水平，促进农村经济稳步发展。
水利工程中水土保持生态修复技术的应用研究
Authors: 金 艳丽
Published: August 2020

我国地域辽阔，各个地区的地质结构存在明显的差异性，再加上外界多方面因素的影响，所以我国水土流失的问题非常的严重，尤其是在甘肃省地区，水土流失问题已经造成了整个地区的生态失衡，极易发生泥石流、山体滑坡等灾害，这样对于人类社会的稳定发展是非常不利的，甚至会引发严重的人员伤亡，所以我们就需要在开展水利工程水土保护工作的过程中，切实的运用生态修复技术，从而有效的规避水土流失的情况发生。
提高农田水利灌溉质量的有效措施探讨
Authors: 孟 凡江
Published: August 2020

我国科技在不断进步，农业也在随着科技的步伐逐渐改革。国家也在不断完善农村建设政策，传统的农田水利建设已经无法满足当今社会发展的需求，在农田水利建设中应该选择更高的标准。高标准的水利农田建设，可以有效的提高农田耕种效率，节约能源的同时还可以提高农业经济。阜南县作为农业大县，近年来农田水利建设取得了长足的进步，但仍然存在一些问题有待改善。提高农田水利灌溉质量的主要目的是为了节约水资源，提高水资源的利用率，方便群众农业用水，最终提升整体农业的灌溉质量。就我县目前农田水利灌溉的现状来说，农业用水还存在很大的缺陷。在未来科技广泛应用的时代，电子智能监测系统会得到广泛的普及和应用，它为人们带来的不仅仅是种植条件的改善。
浅析影响SF6断路器正常运行的因素及改进措施
Authors: 李 荣山
Published: August 2020

以SF6气体作为绝缘介质的SF6断路器，有开断能力强、允许连续开断的次数较多且噪声小和无火花危险、尺寸小体积小、灭弧能力强、寿命长、便于维护等优良性能，其绝缘性能和灭弧特性都要比油断路器好很多，是目前电网普遍采用的产品。但是在认识SF6断路器本身优点的同时，还应注意到影响SF6断路器安全运行的因素，SF6断路器在实际应用中会出现SF6气体压力值降低等相关的一些安全问题。文章就SF6断路器运行中存在的问题及改进措施进行简单的探讨，希望能给相关人员在解决类似问题时提供参考，以提高SF6断路器的运维水平。
论节约型社会建设中水资源管理问题探究
Authors: 李 彬
Published: August 2020

近年来，我国综合国力整体水平得到了显著的提升，从而推动了各个领域的快速发展壮大，在这个过程中，使得水资源匮乏的问题越发的凸现出来。在当前的新的历史时期中，社会的快速发展以及人类社会的发展都是无法离开水资源的辅助的，所以要将水资源管理工作当作是一项重点工作加以全面的推广。在发展社会主义市场经济的过程中将政府的宏观管理与市场的基本作用切实的综合在一起。这篇文章主要针对节约型社会建设中水资源管理工作开展全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国社会稳步健康发展能够起到积极的影响。
水利工程中水库堤坝防渗施工技术和防治
Authors: 周 明其
Published: August 2020

水利工程项目是我国的重要的基础设施。但是，由于水利工程项目的建设施工往往是在环境恶劣的地区，总体的建设施工的环境非常差，而且需要高水平的建造施工的技术，工程量也非常大，对于施工技术、施工设备的要求和标准也都非常的高。这些问题都会影响到水利工程项目的建造施工的总体质量，特别是在大坝的施工建设过程中有可能会发现各种程度的泄漏问题，这不仅会严重影响到水利工程项目的主体结构的安全性和稳定性，甚至会造成严重的生命财产的损失。
水利工程管理及养护问题探讨
Authors: 王 多辉
Published: August 2020

在社会快速发展的过程中，各类基础资源匮乏的问题越发的凸现出来，为了能够有效的缓解上述问题，我国相关行政机构针对性的制定了专门的解决方案。水利工程能够有效的提升水资源的利用效率，是当前我国最为重要的一项基础性工程能。在针对水利工程实施管理工作的过程中，因为水利工程自身具有一定的特殊性，所以管理工作的开展往往会遇到诸多的困难。针对上述问题，为了最大限度的将水利工程的价值施展出来，我们需要对当下水利工程管理和养护工作中存在的问题进行深入的分析研究，并利用有效的方式方法来加以解决，从整体上提升水利工程管理和养护工作的整体效率效果。鉴于此，这篇文章针对水利工程管理和养护工作展开深入的研究，希望能够对我国水利工程事业的良好持续发展有所帮助。
浅谈GIS设备故障分析及故障处理
Authors: 马 永军
Published: August 2020

近年来，我国经济水平的快速发展，同时也推动了人们对电能的需求在不断增大。电能对我国经济发展有着重要的作用。文章在研究各类发变电站建设的过程中发现GIS的应用较为广泛，其对电网的安全运行以及可靠性的影响力比较大，为此引起了人们的广泛关注。在当前这个背景下文章对GIS设备进行简单的故障分析及故障处理探讨。
INDONESIA AND SOUTH KOREA DEFENSE DIPLOMACY: CASE STUDY OF PROCUREMENT OF CHANG BOGO CLASS VESSELS IN 2010-2018
Authors: Manafe Cheryl , Swastanto Yoedhi , Pedrason Rodon
Published: August 2020

Indonesia has chosen South Korea as a cooperation partner because South Korea is agreed to Indonesia's procurement policy. The research objective was to analyze the stages of procurement of Chang Bogo class submarines and the role of defense diplomacy during the process. This study uses qualitative methodology with its analysis techniques. The study concluded that the procurement of submarines succeeded in terms of the number of submarines, but the percentage of transfer technology provided had not yet reached the minimum percentage of Indonesia’s need and Indonesia must build adequate infrastructure to achieve the independence goals of the defense industry but Indonesia was still experiencing fluctuate economic condition. Therefore, the procurement of defense and security equipment tools (alpalhankam) must adjust to that condition.
THE RAPID CHANGES OF THE U.S. FOREIGN MILITARY ASSISTANCE TO UKRAINE IN 2019: A NEOCLASSICAL REALISM PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Akhli Rangga Amalul
Published: August 2020

In the US fiscal year 2019, Trump and the US Congress agreed to provide foreign military assistance funds approximately $400 million to Ukraine. In its distribution process, Trump procrastinated the release as he decided to halt that in July. Two months later, he changed it and released the assistance. This study seeks to analyze the dynamics of that rapid change policy. In doing so, it employs qualitative research, particularly the process-tracing method as its function to trace the causal mechanism of the research puzzle. By applying Neoclassical Realism provided by Ripsman, Taliaferro, and Lobell, this paper demonstrates some findings:  The halt policy is regarding Trump's political endeavor to weaken and outperform his domestic political rival, the Democratic Party. Trump asked the Ukrainian counterpart to investigate Joe Biden's corruption and reverted Russia hack scandal in the last US presidential election in exchange for the release of military assistance. However, the policy was hampered by some domestic elements, (1) some of the Foreign Policy Executive thought the halt policy was not following the US national security, hence they acted as whistleblowers issuing Trump personal interest in the issue to gain wider public awareness; (2) US Strategic Culture, a perception that shapes Russia as among US enemy. Thus, that halt policy is perceived against US collective value; (3) US check and balance system; (4) Trump consideration that the halt policy can jeopardize his position as president in the next election. These factors contribute to the release of assistance.
THE INDONESIAN NAVY’S ACTIVITIES TO SECURE THE NORTH NATUNA SEA FROM THE PESPECTIVE OF THE NAVY’S TRINITY ROLES (2014 - 2019)
Authors: Lalita Vania , Perwita Anak Agung Banyu
Published: August 2020

This article aims to explicate the role and activities of the Indonesian Navy to protect Indonesia's sovereignty in the North Natuna Sea based on the perspective of the Naval Trinity Theory. To do so, this paper combines the application of some pertinent concepts and theories, such as maritime security theory, maritime diplomacy, and the Navy trinity roles of Ken Booth. It shows that those pertinent concepts and theories are very essential to further understand the roles and activities of the Indonesian Navy to protect our sovereignty in the North Natuna Sea. This paper utilizes the method of descriptive qualitative research by looking at the activities of the Indonesian Navy's to Secure North Natuna Sea from the perspective of the Navy’s Trinity Roles (2014 - 2019).
MANAGEMENT OF DEFENSE HERITAGE BASED TOURISM TO ENHANCE YOUTH NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM
Authors: Saragih Herlina JR , Suhirwan Suhirwan , Sarjito Aris , Damanik Yenglis Dongche , Avalokitesvari Ni Nyoman Ayu Nikki
Published: August 2020

Some countries have proven to be advanced by managing their historical and cultural heritage and promoting it internationally. Japan and South Korea are living examples, who transform the war site not only into national defense heritage but also bring it to the international level.  The management of historical heritage is crucial to enhance people's awareness of the importance of national defense. However, many of Indonesia's historical relics are still neglected or poorly managed, even though many historical and cultural heritages have the potential to become tourist attractions. This article aims to discuss how to manage Indonesian historical and cultural heritage to enhance nationalism and patriotism. Proper management of historical and cultural heritage will increase the love of the motherland. The research method is done by a qualitative research method as well as literature studies. This study proves that the management of culture and historical heritage of Indonesia, especially those related to the national struggle, is still largely ignored. Moreover, Indonesia even lacks in managing its historical and cultural heritage. Therefore, Indonesia has to improve the management of its cultural and historical heritage so that it can be promoted to the global world as an object of tourism to increase the nationalism of the younger generation.
PENGOLAHAN DATA PEGAWAI PADA SDN 16 BUMI AYU MENGGUNAKAN BAHASA PEMROGRAMAN VISUAL BASIC 6.0
Authors: Siska Jumiati , Jauhariansyah Septian
Published: August 2020

State Elementary School 16 Bumi Ayu, is one of the primary schools in the city of Bengkulu is located at the highway Bumi Ayu Bengkulu city, the number of students reached 800 people. And teachers and employees 31 people. To improve human resources especially in the field of education, SD Negeri 16 Bumi Ayu has some routines one of which is the processing of employee data is done every semesterThe purpose of this research is to create a Data Processing Information Systems Officer On 16 SDN Bumi Ayu Using Visual Basic 6.0 programming language, so as to assist in data processing at SDN 16 Bumi Ayu. Where the research was conducted at the State Elementary School 16 Bumi Ayu is located at Jalan Raya Bumi Ayu. The timing of this research was conducted on 26 February to dengn March 26, 2016. In this study, data were collected by using observation, interviews, and literature. From the results of this study show that the presence of Employee Data Processing Information Systems using the programming language Visual Basic 6.0, can, provide significant benefits for the school
MENINGKATKAN PERKEMBANGAN SENI ANAK MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA SMART HAFIZ DI PAUD AIZA KABUPATEN KEPAHIANG
Authors: Nurwita Sysva
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the development of children's art using Smart Hafiz media. Early childhood has unique characteristics, each of which is different from one another. Education plays an important role at this time. This is because early childhood is a golden age that cannot be repeated a second time. Early childhood education is children aged 0-6 years, early childhood education has a very important role in developing children's personalities and preparing children to enter further education levels. The method used was PTK with data sources, namely 15 students of Paud AIZA Kepahiang Regency. The results obtained were the development of children's art developed very well with a score of 84.3%. The development of children's art is supported by the media used, namely Smart Hafiz media which has a lot of interesting content so that children's learning activities are not monotonous and the development of children's art is increased.
UPAYA MENINGKATAN PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF DENGAN MEMBILANG MELALUI MEDIA PERMAINAN CONGKLAK PADA ANAK KELOMPOK B DI PAUD PUTRA PERTIWI KECAMATAN LUBUK SANDI KABUPATEN SELUMA
Authors: Sari Deni Yopita , Partikasari Rika , Haryono Mimpira
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine children's cognitive development through the congklak game method in PAUD Pitra Pertiwi, Lubuk Sandi District, Seluma Regency. This classroom action research uses the Jhon Elliot model, where each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The results of the research obtained show that the application of playing congklak can improve the cognitive development of children aged 5-6 years in PAUD Putra Pertiwi, Lubuk Sandi District, Seluma Regency. This increase occurs because, at each stage of the meeting, improvements are made, so that children get used to learning activities using congklak media. The cognitive development of children by counting through congklak media in PAUD Putra Pertiwi Seluma Regency reaches 96% with the criteria developing according to expectations (BSH).
HUBUNGAN KESEGARAN JASMANI DENGAN KEMAMPUAN SHOOTING DALAM PERMAINAN SEPAK BOLA PADA PEMAIN PS. ANDESKAL MUDA KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Syaputra Roni
Published: August 2020

This study aims to determine the relationship of Physical Freshness and Shooting Ability in Football Games on PS Players. Andeskal Muda City of Bengkulu. This type of research is correlational with quantitative methods. The population in this study were PS players. Andeskal Muda Bengkulu City, amounting to 30 people. While the sampling technique was done by using the total sampling technique. Thus, the sample size is 30 people. Data was collected using the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (TKJI) and the shooting ability test was carried out by the shooting at the ball test. The level of physical fitness of PS players. Andeskal city of Bengkulu had the lowest score of 11 categories with less and the highest score of 22 which was very good category, and the shooting ability had the lowest score of 24 poor categories and the highest score was 47 which was very good category. The results showed that the level of physical fitness of the players had a relationship with the results of the shooting ability of the PS players. Andeskal Muda city of Bengkulu, based on the value of rtable in the product moment obtained 0.361 then rejected Ho in the t analysis test obtained, tcount was 6.1978 greater than ttable is 2.048, the decision rejected the alternative hypothesis (Ho) and accepted the alternative hypothesis (Ha). So the conclusion is that there is a correlation between the TKJI test (variable x) and the shooting ability test (variable y) on PS players. Andeskal Muda city of Bengkulu, this is shown by the correlation coefficient of 0.76 which is in the strong category.
Relationship Between Serum Total Testosterone and Coronary Artery Disease in Men
Authors: Bashyal Ritu , Koirala Bhagawan , Jha Bharat , Gautam Bijaya , Khadka Mira
Published: August 2020

Background: Male sex has always been considered as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. But recent studies have shown controversial results. This study aimed to investigate the relation of serum testosterone withrisk factors of coronary artery diseasesand with degree of severity of coronary artery stenosisin men with coronary artery diseases.Methods: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria 102 men (aged 60.42 += 11.11), were included. Fasting blood sample were obtained and blood sugar, total testosterone and lipid profile were measured. Severity of coronary stenosis was estimated by Gensini score. The relationships were assessed using chi-square test, one way analysis of variance and Pearson’s Correlation. Results: Of the total 102 patients, majority of them 42 (41.2%) had triple vessel disease. Testosterone (nmol/L) was found to be 12.01 ± 6.1. Cardiovascular diseaserisk factors like age, body mass index etc. were found to be negatively correlated with testosterone but not statistically significant. Likewise, Gensini score also correlated negatively with testosteronebut not up to the threshold of statistical significance (r=-0.069, p-value = 0.496). Similar results were obtained when number of vessels involved and testosterone were compared. However, the number of diabetic patients gradually decreased with the increasing value of testosterone in the three tertile group (p-value = 0.040). Conclusions: This study could not find significant association between testosterone and coronary artery diseases, however low testosterone was associated with diabetes mellitus.Keywords: Coronary artery diseases; diabetes mellitus; gensini score; testosterone.
Correlation of Duplex Ultrasonographic Parameters with Glomerular Filtration Rate in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Devkota Karun , Gupta Mukesh Kumar , Pant Ashok Raj , Karki Prahlad
Published: August 2020

Background: Chronic kidney disease encompasses a spectrum of different pathophysiological processes associated with abnormal renal function and a progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate. Duplex ultrasonography is widely available and important imaging investigation required in the work?up of chronic kidney disease. The objective of the study was to assess correlation of renal duplex ultrasonographic parameters with decreased glomerular filtration rate in patients with chronic kidney disease.Methods: This was a crosssectional hospital-based study. A total of sixty-two patients with chronic kidney disease referred for ultrasonography were included in the study. Patients were evaluated by duplex ultrasonography. Correlation of renal length, parenchymal thickness, cortical thickness, cortical echogenicity, peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity pulsatility index and resistive index with glomerular filtration rate was evaluated by using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.Results: Chronic kidney disease was seen more prevalent in 41-50 years of age group. The major risk factors associated with Chronic kidney disease was Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus. A significant positive correlation of renal length, parenchymal thickness, cortical thickness (p value < 0.01) and end diastolic velocity (p value < 0.05) with eGFR and significant negative correlation of cortical echogenicity, resistive index and pulsatility index (p value < 0.01) with eGFR was derived.Conclusions: Duplex sonographic findings of renal length, parenchymal thickness, cortical thickness, cortical echogenicity, end diastolic velocity, pulsatility index and resistive index are found to be useful parameters in evaluation of chronic kidney disease.Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; duplex ultrasonography; glomerular filtration rate.
Prediction of Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index with Size of Esophageal Varices in Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Mandal Amrendra K , Subedi Prashant , Paudel Mukesh Sharma , Thapa Suman , Kafle Paritosh , Gayam Vijay , Khalid Mazin , Kanth Rajan , Ray Neetu M , Ray Sunil , Gautam Shristy
Published: August 2020

Background: Liver cirrhosis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. The threatening complication of Liver cirrhosis is variceal bleeding. Early diagnosis and initiation of therapy can reduce mortality associated with variceal bleeding. This study is designed to predict the esophageal varices by non-invasive method using aspartate aminotransferase to platelet count ratio index (APRI).Methods: A total of 100 patients were studied between March 2016 and February 2017 with the diagnosis of Liver cirrhosis admitted at Bir Hospital fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ethical approval was obtained from Institutional review board of National Academy of Medical Sciences.Results: Out of one hundred patients, 80 were males and 20 females. On endoscopy, small varices were present in 28 (28%) patients and large varices in 51(51%) patients. APRI with a cutoff value of 0.908 has sensitivity of 87.3% and specificity of 71.4%, positive predictive value of 92% and negative predictive value of 60% (p=0.001) for the detection of varices.Conclusions: Aspartate aminotransferase to platelet count ratio index can be a useful tool to indirectly predict esophageal varices in a patient with Liver Cirrhosis.Keywords: Aminotransferase; aminotransferase to platelet ratio index APRI; esophageal varices; liver cirrhosis; platelet count.
Efeitos da adição de agentes carreadores sobre o pó da polpa de pitaia vermelha (H. polyrhizus) liofilizada
Authors: Alves Thallyne de Brito , Afonso Marcos Rodrigues Amorim , Costa José Maria Correia da
Published: August 2020

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a influência da maltodextrina, goma arábica e dextrina sobre o pó da polpa de pitaia vermelha liofilizada. A polpa foi caracterizada através das análises de umidade, atividade de água, pH, acidez total titulável, sólidos solúveis totais, ácido ascórbico, cor, betalaínas e compostos fenólicos. A influência dos agentes carreadores sobre o pó foi avaliada através de um delineamento de misturas do tipo simplex centroide e a higroscopicidade, umidade, índice de Carr (IC) e a relação de Hausner (RH) dos pós foram determinados. A polpa de pitaia mostrou um grande teor de umidade e boas quantidades de ácido ascórbico e compostos fenólicos totais, baixos teores de acidez e sólidos solúveis. A higroscopicidade dos pós variou de 10,37 a 6,55% e o teor de umidade dos pós variaram de 3,17 a 4,78%. O índice de Carr das amostras variaram de 22,61 a 43,00% e da relação de Housner de 1,29 a 1,75. O aumento da concentração de maltodextrina e diminuição da dextrina e goma arábica na mistura, reduziu os valores de IC e RH. O aumento da concentração de dextrina na mistura contribuiu para redução da umidade dos pós, e o aumento da goma arábica contribuiu para o aumento da higroscopicidade dos pós. Dentre as agentes carreadores utilizados, a maltodextrina foi a que mais contribuiu para a melhor fluidez do pó da polpa de pitaia.
Assessment of genotoxic effect of Ocimum basilicum L. and Linalool
Authors: Silva Viviane Araújo da , Sousa Janiere Pereira de , Paula Andrea Fernanda Ramos de , Pessôa Hilzeth de Luna Freire , Tavares Nathalia de Alencar Cunha , Cunha Saraghina Maria Donato da , Lima Edeltrudes de Oliveira
Published: August 2020

Ocimum basilicum belongs to the Lamiaceae family, is popularly known as basil and can be found in several regions of the world, being the monoterpene Linalol or the main component of the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. Medicinally it is considered powerful antiseptic, carminative, digestive, insecticide and analgesic, besides having proven antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities. Knowing that evaluating the genotoxic activity of medicinal plants is extremely important as one of the stages of the toxicity study, this study aimed to analyze the genotoxic effect of basil essential oil and its active ingredient linalool. The micronucleus test on peripheral blood cells was used in the study for activities. Groups of three mices males and three females received, by gavage, the compounds in dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg of animal weight. The negative control group received only the dispersant of the sample (distilled water) and positive control received Cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg of animal weight. Twenty-four hours after treatment, the animals were sacrificed, blood was collected from the caudal vein and made a smear on the slide. The obtained results showed the absence of genotoxic effect of tested compounds. Further studies of toxicity need to be made to the use of this plant in the treatment of diseases to be stimulated.