bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Abuznaid Samir Ahmad
Published: February 2016

“…Science will continue to surprise us with what it discovers and creates; then it will astound us by devising new methods to surprise us. At the core of science's self-modification is technology. New tools enable new structures of knowledge and new ways of discovery” (Kelly, 2014). How important is it for organizations to be socially responsible and ethical? This chapter will define ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR), explain the competitive advantage of creating and maintaining an ethical organization, and discuss the role played by organizations and managers in enhancing ethics and corporate social responsibility. The main focus will be on Palestine Telecommunication Company's (PalTel Group) CSR program and its impact on Palestinian people and organizations. The chapter will conclude by shedding light on major opportunities and challenges facing PalTel Group and its CSR program. Background information is provided, as well as a literature review regarding ethics and corporate social responsibility within Palestine and Palestine Telecommunication Group. A brief discussion of a rival of CSRat PalTel's, Wataniya, has been made in order to ensure that the scope of the chapter's content is complete. The chapter, however, does not examine (employee treatment) nor PalTel Group's ethics policies and their impact on employees and their particular work attitudes. Further, the chapter does not explore how PalTel determines where to invest the resources in social and environmental programs to benefit the community and enhance business performance profitability and reputation. Nor does it measure the impact of CSR practices on competitive advantages, reputation and customer satisfaction. Green washing is common phenomenon in Palestine where almost all businesses claim to be scoring high in the social responsibility parameter. Apart from its academic contribution this chapter may also assist managers and senior officers in strategizing for their organizations in this age of social responsibility.
Toward Responsive Corporate Governance
Authors: van Seters Paul , Maessen Rob
Published: February 2016

Since the early 1980s, globalisation has deeply affected the way in which corporations typically conduct their affairs. This is true not only for business organisations that are active in the OECD countries but also for those operating in the emerging markets of the less affluent parts of the world. New social and ethical perspectives have become relevant for management strategy and have highlighted the need to acknowledge the existence of stakeholders—old and new—in a way that may benefit the interests of firms as well as those of local communities and society at large. In this chapter we argue that of all possible stakeholders the ones beyond the present periphery of the firm have the most potential for its long-term survival. Responsive corporate governance, therefore, will seek to engage with stakeholders from beyond.
An Integrated Model of Perceived Risk and Risk-Reducing Strategies in the Tunisian Stock Market
Authors: Béjaoui Azza , Karaa Adel
Published: February 2016

This chapter examines the antecedents and consequences of the perceived risk of investors towards the Tunisian stock market. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to 411 individual investors chosen by 24 brokerage firms. Using the structural equation model, we operationalize the risk following the psychometric paradigm according to subjective variables (i.e. familiarity and controllability). Results prove that controllability is a significant factor in the formation of perceived risk. We also show that several factors related to the investor, the listed companies and to the stock market can influence the perceived risk by the investor towards the Tunisian stock market. Similarly, we find that perceived risk leads to intensive information search, good performance and a strong reinvestment intention. These results attest the importance of the risk perception in the decision-making process.
A Transaction Cost Economics Perspective for Pervasive Technology
Authors: Wickramasinghe Nilmini , Troshani Indrit , Goldberg Steve
Published: February 2016

Numerous mobile technology solutions are being developed and implemented today to address a myriad of healthcare problems. However, it remains unclear what the true cost/benefit of these solutions is and who benefits from them. To investigate this we apply a transaction cost economics framework to a pervasive mobile solution that has been designed and developed to enhance diabetes self-care. Diabetes is one of the leading chronic diseases and its prevalence continues to rise. The solution examined in this paper relies on pervasive wireless technology and is designed to facilitate the effective management of diabetes in the context of gestational diabetes, a conditions that affects up to 8% of pregnant women. A transactions cost assessment of this solution is provided.
Constructive eHealth Evaluation
Authors: Høstgaard Anna Marie Balling
Published: February 2016

Despite the existence of an extensive body of knowledge about best practices and factors that contribute to the successful development and adoption of eHealth, many eHealth development-projects still face a number of problems - many of them of an organizational nature. This chapter presents a new method: “The Constructive eHealth evaluation method” aimed at supporting real end-user participation - a well-known success factor in eHealth development. It provides an analytical framework for achieving real end-user participation during the different phases in the eHealth lifecycle. The method was developed and used for the first time during the evaluation of an EHR planning process in a Danish region. It has proven effective for providing management at more levels on-going information and feedback from end-users, allowing management to change direction during eHealth development in order to achieve the most successful adoption and implementation of eHealth in healthcare environments.
SOA Governance in Healthcare
Authors: Koumaditis Konstantinos , Themistocleous Marinos
Published: February 2016

This chapter depicts the gradual development of a conceptual SOA Governance Framework tailored for healthcare organisations. The proposed framework presented herein is based on the authors' previous research and includes nine SOA Governance elements that need to be considered during the SOA process. The identification and conceptualisation of the elements were grounded in the normative literature and further developed to include healthcare specific aspects. This comes as a method to overcome the limitations identified in normative literature and enhance the elements' conceptualisation. Besides, the authors propose a unique design combining nine elements of SOA Governance with SOA Critical Success Factors (CSFs) and Healthcare Information Systems (HIS) challenges. This proposal aims to pinpoint attributes and guidelines for each element, required to successfully govern SOA and tackle longstanding HIS challenges. The framework is intended to be used as a decision supporting tool for SOA Governance in a healthcare setting.
Healthy 3.0
Authors: Tiago Maria Teresa Borges , Tiago Flávio , Amaral Francisco Emanuel Batista , Silva Sandra
Published: February 2016

Over the past few years, healthcare practice has evolved to include new forms of information and communication technologies, and healthcare providers have begun to leverage IT solutions and the internet to reach consumers in transformative ways. There is a common thought both in business and academia that the technology adoption process is a key component of success and allows firms to achieve and sustain competitive advantages. Therefore, this research attempts to reinforce the assessment of ICT impacts on healthcare, analyzing it from two different perspectives: 1) firm performance, which is measured as a combination of induced and intangible benefits beyond the traditional financial benefits; and 2) healthcare providers' acceptance and adoption of ICT tools. To assess the first perspective, a structural equation model was applied to a large database sample covering firms from 17 European countries. The results reinforce the importance of induced and structural benefits in firms' overall performance. The second perspective was analyzed only for the Portuguese healthcare providers sample. These results can be a starting point for rethinking the healthcare models emphasizing the perspectives of Healthy 2.0 and considering that patients' technological pattern evolution will lead to Healthy 3.0 in the short term. Nevertheless, some questions remain unanswered regarding the impacts of the ICT acceptance process on overall benefits; therefore, future research will focus on this domain.
Social Media Activism
Authors: Vatikiotis Pantelis
Published: February 2016

This chapter critically evaluates the role of social networking platforms (Facebook, Twitter and Tumblr) in contemporary protest movements (Arab Spring, European Movements and Occupy Movement), pointing out continuities and discontinuities of the new wave of contention. From this perspective, it evaluates the societal conditions of different contexts, the interplay between different media formats during the relevant episodes of contention, and the diversity of social actors engaged in these practices that have accordingly influenced the emergence and the prospects of the protests.
Radical Political Communication and Social Media
Authors: Bacallao-Pino Lázaro M.
Published: February 2016

This chapter aims to analyze the practices of radical political communication within the context of social mobilizations whose emergence and initial spreading are inherently associated to social media. On the basis of a case study -the #YoSoy132, a university student mobilization during the 2012 electoral campaign in Mexico- the text analyzes the main uses of social media as part of the mobilizations and the interrelationships between online (communication) and offline collective action. The author concludes that, despite the importance of social media and the collective actions based on their use, even the participants recognize the necessity of going beyond the online space. Although social media pluralize the actors of political communication and even force its traditional actors to participate in alternative communication spaces, collective communicative action cannot be confined to the digital space, but it must be understood within the processes of social mobilization, in all its articulations and mediations.
Political Communication and Twitter in Greece
Authors: Poulakidakos Stamatis , Veneti Anastasia
Published: February 2016

Social media already serve as a new place for the development of a “public sphere”, hence the exchange of argumentation on issues of public interest. More specifically, Twitter has been rather frequently used by politicians and parties in their attempt to establish a new way of communicating with the electorate. Drawing on the concepts of public sphere and propaganda and by conducting content and thematic analysis on the tweets of the two biggest Greek political parties, New Democracy (ND) and the Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA), this chapter examines Twitter as a platform of information dissemination and dialogue. The aspiration of this study is to contribute to a growing volume of research that seeks to examine the potential of microblogging to animate political communication and to increase political participation.
Facebook Photographic Images
Authors: Cmeciu Camelia
Published: February 2016

“Act, react, impact” was the slogan of the 2014 European Parliament elections. A social media campaign focused on a solid informing practice may constitute the first step in attaining European citizens' actions and reactions. This chapter explores the visual Facebook presence of winning and losing Romanian candidates who stood for the 2014 EP elections. The visual framing analysis shows that the Romanian winning politicians preferred to visually promote themselves as statesmanlike candidates being surrounded by national influentials or by campaign entourage whereas the losing candidate framed themselves either as populist campaigners in the middle of larger audiences or as compassionate candidates interacting with individuals. The analysis of the visual categories highlights that both winning and losing EP candidates in Romania used a hybrid message. Despite the attempt to provide a visual presentation of European campaign paraphernalia, national identity features rendered through religious symbols and traditional elements prevailed.
Optimizing the Use and Adoption of Healthcare Information Systems
Authors: Bonney Wilfred
Published: February 2016

Advancements in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have led to the development of various forms of electronic records to support general practitioners and healthcare providers in capturing, storing, and retrieving routinely collected medical records and/or clinical information for optimal primary care and translational research. These advancements have resulted in the emergence of interoperable Healthcare Information Systems (HIS) such as Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) and Personal Health Records (PHRs). However, even as these systems continue to evolve, the research community is interested in understanding how the use and adoption of HIS can be optimized to support effective and efficient healthcare delivery and translational research. In this chapter, a systematic literature review methodology was used not only to explore the key benefits and technical challenges of HIS, but also to discuss the optimization approaches to maximizing the use and adoption of HIS in healthcare delivery.
An Approach for the Semantic Interoperability of SNOMED
Authors: Duarte Júlio , Amorim Magda , Miranda Filipe
Published: February 2016

The semantic and syntactic interoperability introduces the capability of two machines to communicate and understand each other improving then the quality of Electronic Health Records. In this work, is presented an independent application of the medical record, using a web service (with protocol TCP/IP) capable of provide human interaction with interfaces in different devices (web, android app., browser). SNOMED CT is a comprehensive and scientifically validated health care terminology resulting in an organized computer processable collection of medical terms. This can be mapped into other systems of codes like ICD also used in our application. A data base (SNOMED codes and relations) was created capable of answer to all sort of queries from the users using the browser or the mobile application. The first hospital unit to enjoy this system was the pathological anatomy unit of the CHAA hospital. Here after receiving a “piece” and a task, the responsible performs all kind of procedures with the purpose of performing a report (diagnosis for example). With the implementation of SNOMED CT, to produce reports a physician could search for the name of the “piece” or the code and immediately upload in that patient HER the diagnosis. The usage of this codes leads to report uniformed that could be read and understood around the world. Another important feature of the application is the incorporation within the AIDA, AIDA-PCE and AIDA-BI. Experiments with real user show a successful software implementation judging by the utilization rate and medical personal acceptance. The mobile application should suffer an upgrade allowing the patient usage for example.
Nosocomial Infection Prediction Using Data Mining Technologies
Authors: Silva Eva , Cardoso Luciana , Faria Ricardo , Santos Manuel Filipe
Published: February 2016

The existence of nosocomial infection prediction systems in healthcare environments can contribute to improve the quality of the healthcare institution. Also, can reduce the costs with the treatment of those patients. The analysis of the information available allows to efficiently prevent these infections and to build knowledge that can help to identify the eventual occurrence of nosocomial infections. Good models induced by the DM classification techniques SVM, DT and NB, were achieved (sensitivities higher than 91.90%). Therefore, this system is able to predict these infections consequently, reduce the nosocomial infection incidence. The platform developed presents important information, as well as supports healthcare professionals in their decisions, namely in planning infection prevention measures. So, the system acts as a CDSS capable of reducing nosocomial infections and the associated costs, improving the healthcare and, increasing patient's safety and well-being.
Retail Supply Chain Management Trends
Authors: Smriti Kumari
Published: February 2016

Improving the organization's performance and securing competitive advantage over others greatly depends on the supply chain management as it is seen that the competition is no longer between the organizations, rather they are amongst supply chains. This study is based on collecting the information and data about the supply chain management from 60 retail organizations. This study will show the aspects of supply chain management in the retail domain highlighting the challenges, capabilities and the priorities for the next 2-3 years. As retailers choose to concentrate either on product leadership private-label or high touch customer intimacy or on cost leadership strategies, their supply chain priorities and investment decisions are tailored to the specific requirements. While retail is extremely diverse, but retailers across the globe share many priorities — balance the availability of the inventory; control the costs and customer service in order to maintain the retail strategy. Our effort has been to explore how retailers are managing these priorities and getting ready for future.
The Economic and Environmental Benefits of VMI Adoption in Multi-Retailer Systems
Authors: Mateen Arqum , Chatterjee Ashis K.
Published: February 2016

There is an increasing push towards integrating environmental considerations in decision making in organizations. Rethinking and realigning existing business processes has been touted to offer significant potential in reducing the ecological footprint. Specifically, the role of logistics and supply chain has come into prominence in this regard. In this chapter, a supply chain with a single vendor and multiple retailers has been considered. Initially, we assume that the retailers take care of their respective replenishment decisions. Then, it is shown that by adopting vendor managed inventory, the organizations involved can benefit through cost reduction, and at the same time reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, thereby highlighting the role of supply chain coordination in meeting the twin objectives. Managerial and policy insights based on our numerical analysis have also been provided.
Supply Chain Hub and Spoke Model for Convenience Stores
Authors: Pratapwar Sandeep Subhashrao
Published: February 2016

As grocery retailers have limited profit margin, the players in the industry are constantly looking for cost effective supply chain model for increasing profit margins. Any convenience store should have assortment which is more suitable for the local target customers but the company might receive the inventory from multiple sources. In this chapter we have proposed a new way to handle the supply chain for the convenience store, that is, Hub and Spoke model between Hypermarket/Supermarket/Supercenter and Convenience store. In this model Spoke (Convenience Store) receives all inventory from single source, that is, Hub (Hypermarket/Supermarket/Supercenter), hence there is a significant reduction in the logistics cost. This will allow the retailer to be more focused on customer service which in turn will make more loyalists for the store.
Encouraging Supply Chain Networks and Customer Loyalty in Global Supply Chain
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: February 2016

This chapter aims to encourage supply chain networks and customer loyalty in global supply chain, thus distinguishing the theoretical and practical concepts of supply chain management (SCM) and supply chain networks; the multifaceted applications of supply chain network design (SCND); the overview of customer loyalty in global supply chain concerning customer value, customer satisfaction, switching barriers, customer loyalty programs, and customer-company identification (CCID); and the linkage between customer loyalty and supply chain networks in the retail setting. Encouraging supply chain networks and customer loyalty is critical for modern organizations that seek to serve suppliers and customers, increase business performance, strengthen competitiveness, and achieve continuous success in global supply chain. The chapter argues that encouraging supply chain networks and customer loyalty has the potential to improve organizational performance and gain sustainable competitive advantage in global supply chain scenarios.
Big Data Analytics in Retail Supply Chain
Authors: Brajesh Saurabh
Published: February 2016

Retail sector is in the state of flux. On one hand they face hurdles such as new technologies, tumultuous economy, new sales & distribution channels, and on the other hand they have rapidly increasing population of demanding consumers. To overcome these challenges, and to remain relevant and competitive in the market, the retail sector needs to have paradigm shift in their approach. If we track and analyze the pattern of purchasing decisions of consumers, we would find that it involves various stages of decision lifecycle. Data generated at many of these stages can be recorded, digitized, and transformed into matrices and strategic information. These matrices & information would prove to be the vital element for retail industries in their strategic decisions. We need to focus on mechanism to extract valuable insights from retail supply chain. These insights could be further leveraged to provide competitive advantage to the retailers and at the same time a better retail experience to the customers.
Green Retailing
Authors: Adhikari Arnab , Biswas Indranil , Avittathur Balram
Published: February 2016

Sustainable development with ecological protection has gained global significance across society because of continuing environmental degradation. It causes green supply-chain management to be an area of interest among researchers and practitioners. Existing literature related to green supply chain indicates that most of the scholarly works have been limited to the manufacturing context and retailing has not been paid enough attention. It signifies that integrating green policies into retail sector is a new potential area of research from academicians' and practitioners' point of view. This chapter discusses about the drivers, barriers, different dimensions, issues, existing environmental practices and policies adopted by leading retailers, future research avenues, different green polices adopted by various organizations and government bodies in the area of retailing. Thus it facilitates researchers, industry practitioners, policy makers to find the existing works, new research opportunities as well as to improve practices and policies.
Intelligent Slotting for the Warehouse
Authors: Iyer Narayanan Padmanabahan , Jayal Ramesh
Published: February 2016

In the current and future Supply Chain landscape, we need to ensure that we keep the warehouse ship sailing amidst the turbulent waters of dynamic business growth and rapid changes in technology. There are several challenges to be overcome, and many opportunities to be embraced on the path to achieving this. In this chapter, the authors detail one of the key problems facing the warehouse and that is Slotting. They look at the various business drivers, and technological drivers impacting Slotting. They propose a solution to tackle this problem by using Market Basket Analysis and Machine Learning.
How to Thrive in the Changing Landscape of Teacher Education
Authors: Pinter Holly Henderson , Winter Kim K. , Watson Myra K.
Published: February 2016

This chapter explores a number of issues for consideration when adopting and implementing edTPA as a summative performance-based assessment of preservice teacher candidate tasks. This chapter aims to offer guidance and support for programs in the beginning stages of implementation of edTPA. Each of the considerations includes a vignette from personal experiences at a regional comprehensive university in the southeast. Issues discussed include timeline for implementation, buy-in, decision-making processes, professional development and training, mapping, and next steps. The vignettes detail particular issues or concerns and include faculty, staff, and/or teacher candidates. Data used to develop the vignettes was collected via interviews, surveys, and reflections.
edTPA Local Evaluation
Authors: Seelke John Louis , Mills Kelly
Published: February 2016

Numerous teacher preparation programs now require teacher candidates to complete teacher performance assessments (TPA) to determine their readiness for the classroom. One of the newest assessments, edTPA, has been used by over 500 teacher preparation programs, with nine states setting policy tying the successful completion of edTPA to teacher licensure. While edTPA is considered an educative tool for teacher candidates, it has also become a tool for teacher preparation programs to improve and change, as well as engage with their district partners on teacher practice. This chapter will describe one university's story of edTPA local evaluation, including its decisions to use local mentor teachers and local National Board Certified (NBC) teachers to assess the edTPA. It will reveal how bringing partners together through local evaluation can create a common language for teacher preparation, empower actors (mentors, supervisors) to share their voices with university faculty, and help bridge the gap between a pre-service candidate's student teaching year and the first year of induction.
Preparing Elementary Education Teacher Candidates to Design Learning Segments
Authors: Polly Drew
Published: February 2016

By program completion teacher candidates should be able to proficiently demonstrate the skills associated with the teaching profession. This includes their ability to design instructional units on a set of standards. This chapter describes the process of preparing teacher candidates to design instructional units as part of the edTPA performance-based assessment. Two specific course assignments that are completed during candidates' junior and senior years are described. Implications for teacher education programs include the significance of providing candidates with multiple experiences to develop the skills associated with the performance-based assessment and providing adequate feedback to candidates throughout the entire process.
Early and Often Creating and Implementing Performance-Based Field Instruments
Authors: Rademaker Scot M.
Published: February 2016

This chapter will examine the process of creating a series of performance-based assessments for an entry level course with a field component. The discussion will include an examination of the purpose of the performance-based assessments for the course, the development of the assessment to address the inherent issues related to course design, the ways in which the faculty members collaborated to create the instruments, the issues related to creating a partnership between the university and the local schools, and an examination of how this process could be better implemented in the future. Additionally, the formative activities and the summative instrument will be presented, deconstructed, and analyzed with the hope that other university programs with early field-based experiences could benefit from its explication and adapt it for use in the field.
Lesson Study as an Effective Performance-Based Measure of Teacher Effectiveness
Authors: Ryan Mark Patrick
Published: February 2016

The Japanese Lesson Study Model (JLSM) became a focus of much research after the publication of the Third International Math and Science Study (TIMSS). The JLSM has various possible manifestations, but most forms of the model include three key elements – collaborative planning of one or more lessons that will be taught by all participants, delivery of the lesson with fellow teacher observers in the room or with videotaping, and collaborative analysis by participants of students work and the lesson delivery. This study presents quantitative and qualitative data from approximately 400 teachers who participated in a form of lesson study. The history and research basis of lesson study is presented, followed by the researcher's adaptation of the model for use in the university classroom and professional development courses, followed by an analysis of the impacts of the model on teacher participants.
Computed Torque Control of a Caterpillar Robot Manipulator Using Neural Network
Authors: Rahmani Mehran , Ghanbari Ahmad
Published: February 2016

This paper presents a neural computed torque controller, which employs to a Caterpillar robot manipulator. A description to exert a control method application neural network for nonlinear PD computed torque controller to a two sub-mechanisms Caterpillar robot manipulator. A nonlinear PD computed torque controller is obtained via utilizing a popular computed torque controller and using neural networks. The proposed controller has some advantages such as low control effort, high trajectory tracking and learning ability. The joint angles of two sub-mechanisms have been obtained by using the numerical simulations. The discovered figures show that the performance of the neural computed torque controller is better than a conventional computed torque controller in trajectory tracking and reduction of setting time. Finally, snapshots of gain sequences are demonstrated.
Corrosion Resistance of the ZnAl40Cu(1-2)Ti(1-2) Alloys in an "Acid Rain" Environment
Authors: Tomaszewska Agnieszka , Michalik Rafał , Jabłońska Magdalena
Published: February 2016

The purpose of the examination was to determine the corrosion resistance of ZnAl40Cu(1-2)Ti(1-2) alloys in an "acid rain". Subject of test were ZnAl40Cu2Ti, ZnAl40Ti2Cu1.5Ti1.5 and ZnAl40Ti2Cu alloys. The scope of the test included galvanostatic, potentiodynamic tests and examination of the surface of the samples after corrosion. It was found, that the ZnAl40Cu2Ti alloy is characterized by the highest corrosion resistance among the tested alloys. Tests have shown that with a decrease in copper content in the tested alloys decreases corrosion resistance. It was also found that the corrosion of alloys tested in an "acid rain" is local.
Mechanical Properties of Parts with Tin Coating Obtained by Hot-Dip Method
Authors: Mendala Jacek
Published: February 2016

Hot-dip process leading to creation of protective coating is one of the effective ways to protect metals from corrosion. It provides the way to obtain the coating with required physical, mechanical and chemical properties. However, contact of solid metal part with the liquid metal bath during this process may lead to changes in mechanical properties or, in extreme cases, to premature failure of the part. This is mainly due to the effect called LME. The author has researched the likelihood of occurrence of this phenomenon in parts subjected to metallization in zinc bath or in zinc bath with additions of tin or bismuth. The presented results are a continuation of these research and include an assessment of the possibility of LME occurrence in parts metallized in tin bath and subjected to external stress.
Microstructure and Selected Properties of WC-Co-Cr Coatings Deposited by High Velocity Thermal Spray Processes
Authors: Myalska Hanna , Szymański Krzysztof , Moskal Grzegorz
Published: February 2016

Selected information about high velocity thermal spraying method were presented in this article. Three generations of thermal spraying processes based on oxygen with propane mixture, liquid fuel with oxygen and propane with air were characterized. A powder of WC-Co-Cr 86-10-4 was used for coatings deposition on a steel substrate. Four coatings were deposited by different thermal spraying systems such as Diamond Jet, JP 5000, Micro HVOF and HVAF.
The Impact of Al Addition to a Zn-Al Bath upon Growth Kinetics and Structure of Coatings Obtained in the Batch Double Hot Dip Process
Authors: Kania Henryk
Published: February 2016

In the paper the results of tests on obtaining coatings by use of double hot dip in Zn-Al baths with various Al contents are presented. The coatings were produced in ZnAl baths with the following Al contents: 7, 15, 23, 31 % wt. Al. Based on Zn-Al alloy solidification curves the optimum temperature of the metallization process has been determined. The growth kinetics has been defined and the structure of coatings has been developed. It has been established that an increase in Al contents to 23 and 31% in the bath leads to excessive growth of the coating thickness and its porosity. Smaller contents of Al (7 and 15 % wt.) in the bath allow to obtain coatings of a favourable structure and correct thickness.
The Influence of the Chemical Composition of a Zinc Bath on the Growth Kinetics and Structure of Coatings Obtained on B500SP Steel
Authors: Liberski Piotr , Skupińska Anna , Nowicka-Nowak Marzena
Published: February 2016

In the paper the results of tests conducted to determine the synergistic influence of alloy additions to a zinc bath upon the structure and growth kinetics of coatings obtained on reinforcing steel are presented. The structure and the chemical composition of coatings obtained on B500SP steel have been developed. The tests were carried out in Zn-AlNi, Zn-AlNiBi and Zn-AlNiBiSn baths. It has been determined that the additions of Bi and Sn reduce the coating thickness on B500SP reinforcing steel. The growth kinetics of coatings on the tested reinforcing steel - even though the concentration of Si was within the Sebisty range - did not show reversed temperature dependence, which is characteristic of this type of steel.
The Influence of Mass Fraction and Size of Glassy Carbon Particles on the Tribological Properties of Metal – Ceramic Composites
Authors: Hekner Bartosz , Myalski Jerzy , Krzywda Paweł , Miczek Aleksandra
Published: February 2016

This paper presents the manufacturing process and the results of measurements for aluminum – aluminum oxide materials with addition of glassy carbon particles (GC). The composites were manufactured via high energy milling process with hot pressing subsequently. The influence of mass fraction (5, 10 and 15 wt.%) and a size of GC particles (<40, 40-80, 80-120, 120-160, 160-200µm) on the microstructure and properties were analysed. The complex meaning of GC particles for all, milling process, microstructure and final properties were discovered. After based description of materials, the tribological measurement were performed under two loads – 35 and 50N. It was noted, that mass fraction of GC particles have influence on tribological properties of materials. The composite with 5 wt.% revealed the best friction properties without any significant differences between analysed loads. The influence of particles size proved that the most effective fraction for tribological application is 120 – 160µm.
Characteristics of Fusion-Welded Joints Made Using Martensitic Steel after 100,000 Hours in Service
Authors: Hernas Adam , Mościcki Adrian , Krupa Roman
Published: February 2016

The paper presents the results of tests of mixed fusion-welded joints consisting of superheater pipes of grades T91 and HCM12A(T122) after 100,000 hours in service in a BB-1150 boiler welded to new pipes (in “as-delivered” condition) of grades T91 and VM12-SHC. The state of the microstructure and properties of the used tube material after long term service are characterized. The paper describes fusion welding conditions and parameters, and evaluates the quality of the created butt joints. The results of tests of the macro-and microstructure of the joints and their mechanical properties are presented. It was determined that the welding process intensifies further degradation of the tested materials to a small extent only. This work was performed under the Strategic Research Project No SP/E/1/67484/10 supported by the National Centre for Research and Development.
Influence of Single and Summary Deformation for the Change of Limit Stress in the Drawing Process Based on the Pelczynski Diagram
Authors: Halaczek Dariusz
Published: February 2016

Limit stress diagram by Pelczyński was constructed in the coordinates σm - σH (σm - average stress for the process, σH - stress according to the Huber hypothesis) based on the hypothesis Huber - de Saint Venant and is consistent connection between the two hypotheses. This diagram allows for presentation the dangerous states of stresses for arbitrary stress state so plane and space (biaxial and triaxial). It also allows for the analysis of stress states occurring in various processes of plastic forming. To determine the state stresses occurring in the technological process starts from the components of the plastic deformation. In the case of a wire drawing process with a circular section in the inlet area of the die there is equality of deformation φ2 = φ3 and the equality of stress σ2 = σ3 (which is uniform biaxial compression), while in a outlet of the die there is a uniaxial tensile σ1, which cannot achieve a value equal to σp (yield strength), since in this case the wire could be deformed outside the die.The aim of this study was to construct the Pelczynski diagram in such a way to show on the example of brass wire M63, the course of the stresses in the drawing process.The research program included:- Realization of the drawing processes in order to obtain samples of varying degrees strengthening,- Determination on the basis of tensile strength the properties Rm, Rp0,2 and cohesive strength of R0 for varying degrees of strengthening,- Determine the influence of cold deformation for the course of curve of the yield strength,- Constructing a diagram of drawing process on a background of the diagram of yield strength in this process.
Investment Casting Design and Processing for Drone’s Micro-Engine Turbine Rotor Manufacturing
Authors: Roskosz Stanisław , Szeliga Dariusz , Cygan Rafał , Rokicki Paweł
Published: February 2016

The research presents methods for modern design and processing tools to be used in manufacturing process of castings in the aviation industry. In the study it is described how to use a computer simulation software and rapid prototyping / rapid tooling methods for manufacturing of drone’s micro-engine turbine rotor. The computer simulation of flow and solidification process and the investment casting technology were applied for manufactured elements.
Mechanical Performance of Polymer-Matrix Laminate Reinforced with 3D Fabric during Three-Point Impact Bending
Authors: Koziol Mateusz
Published: February 2016

The paper presents the analysis of course and the results of impact 3-point bending tests conducted with use of instrumented Charpy hammer (CEAST RESIL 50 hammer + MC101 registrator + CALKA J computer program) on GFRP laminate specimens cut of the panels manufactured by RTM method on base of classic plain-woven fabric preform and 3D fabric. The specimens of the 3D laminate were cut alternatively along (W direction) and transverse (P direction) to the translaminar interweave strands. It was found that maximum force obtained in the tests is comparable for both the classic and the 3D laminates. Deformability of the 3D (W) specimen is by about 20% higher than those of the classic laminate, whereas it is higher by even 75% for 3D (P). The trend of deformability observed for the tested laminates differs from known trends characteristic for static conditions what confirms different material response mechanisms at low and higher load rate. Failure energy in the classic and in the 3D (W) specimen is on comparable level. However, 3D (P) specimen showed slightly lower summary failure energy than the classic one and almost twice a high failure initiation energy (first effects of failure occur before maksimum load is gained).
Welding of Gas-Tight Pipe Walls Made of Composite Pipes of 3R12/4L7 Steel
Authors: Lalik Stanisław , Adamski Jarosław , Balcerzyk Andrzej
Published: February 2016

The paper presents the results of macro and microstructure testing, hardness measurements and tensile test of submerged arc welded joints of composite pipes made of two grades of steel with X6CrNi18-10 steel flat bars intended for operation in elevated temperature. The outer part of the composite pipe is made of Sandvik 3R12 steel (grade ASME 304L/SA) and has austenitic microstructure, whereas the inner pipe – of Sandvik 4L7 steel (grade ASME SA-210A1) and has ferritic pearlitic microstructure. The results of the tests were used as a base to elaborate the Welding Procedure Specification allowing to obtain high quality joints with correct structure and high mechanical properties.
The Influence of Molding Parameters on the Structure of the ZnAl40Cu2Ti Alloy
Authors: Mikuszewski Tomasz , Michalik Rafał
Published: February 2016

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of casting technology on the structure of the ZnAl40Cu2Ti alloy. The scope of the examination included Brinell hardness tests and tests on optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscope test and X-ray microanalysis. The tests showed that, depending on the casting technology can be obtained different ZnAl40Cu2Ti alloy structure, characterized by different chemical composition in microareas. It has been pointed out that in order to get ZnAl40Cu2Ti alloy modification of Zn-Al-Cu alloy used technology casting is necessary.
Forming Construction Elements for Aviation from Light Alloys with the Use of Cold Extrusion in Complex State of Strain
Authors: Mrugała Agata , Kuc Dariusz
Published: February 2016

The article presents the results of tests which are connected with possibilities of forming the magnesium alloys. Research was conducted on the basis of the plastic forming test with the use of KOBO method – cold forming. Materials for tests were ingots from magnesium alloys and the results of tests were the achieved flat bars. Microstructure tests were conducted with the use of optical and electron microscopes. The mechanical properties of the tested materials are presented in the paper together with the advantages of the achieved alloys. It was possible to determine the possible further research directions connected with this material.
Application of Modern Technology to Improve Safety in the Automotive Industry
Authors: Lisok Joanna
Published: February 2016

The paper presents a quick survey of current informatics technologies in automotive industry. To reach a high level of safety requirement and minimize the occurrence and consequences of automobile accidents number of studies have been investigated on the prediction the crash event. These investigations are performed by both techniques: numerical and experimental and they can significantly improve crashworthiness of selected auto-parts such a bumper-beam or crash-box under impact loadings. Describe several different methods and materials to optimize the shape of these parts for maximum energy absorption. Since the crash-box is one of the most important automotive parts for crash energy absorption a fully dialed process technology of those parts was simulated using FEM and presented in this study.
Environmental Criteria for Shielding Gas Selection during Arc Welding of Stainless Steels
Authors: Matusiak Jolanta , Wyciślik Joanna , Wyciślik Andrzej
Published: February 2016

Gas-shielded arc welding of stainless steels belongs to processes which are characterized by the highest concentration of chromium (VI) and nickel in welding fume. These substances are carcinogenic to humans. Material and technological conditions of gas-shielded arc welding of stainless steels influence fume emission rates and chemical composition of welding fume. This fact creates the possibility of process optimization in aspect of emission rates and chemical composition of welding fume including carcinogenic compounds. This paper presents the correlation between shielding gas compositions and fume emission rates and carcinogenic substances contents during gas-shielded arc welding of stainless steels using MIG/MAG, Cold Arc and CMT methods.
Modelling of Nitric Oxide Formation During Liquid Fuel Combustion
Authors: Gil Stanisław , Bialik Wojciech
Published: February 2016

A liquid fuel combustion process, being a source of many environmentally hazardous pollutants (e.g. nitric oxides, carbon monoxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, soot and sulphur oxides), is a subject of extensive research aimed at reduction of their emissions. A high temperature of the combustion air tends to increase the content of NOX in exhaust gases. Based on the experimental data and literature as well as using the CFD tools, a model of light fuel oil combustion has been developed with an emphasis on nitric oxide formation. The model adequately reflects the impact of geometry changes in the flow of combustion substrates on concentrations of carbon monoxide and nitric oxides in the chamber. The quantitative results obtained are comparable to the experimental data.
Application of Micro Wear Testing in Investigations of Super Coarse WC-Co Type Sintered Carbides
Authors: Harabas Katarzyna , Richter Janusz
Published: February 2016

The mico-wear abrasion test has recently become a popular method for the measurements of wear resistance of both coated and solid materials. It provides insight into abrasion micromechanisms and quantitative information (wear coefficient) of the tested samples. The investigated super coarse WC-Co composite (WC particles average size of 6-10 μm) reveals the biggest fracture resistance within the whole size range of sintered carbides, at the certain expense of hardness. Super coarse grades are used, among other, as coal mining tools and rock cutting/driling bits. In this work, ball-cratering wear tests were performed using 1 μm diamond particles as the abrasion medium; the abrasives used produced well-defined craters. The worn areas were observed and measured using optical and electronic microscopy, the wear coefficient was calculated based on the increasing sliding distance method. It was found that super coarse sinters abraded with 1 μm diamond grains were more wear resistant than the more fine grained counterparts. This result is attributed to the influence of the large size ratio of WC particles and diamond grains and consequent stronger WC embeding in the metal matrix.
Structural Characterization of FeAl28Cr5 Alloy Deformed in the Hot Torsion Process
Authors: Bednarczyk Iwona , Jabłońska Magdalena
Published: February 2016

Current research in the field of iron aluminides are directed towards to understand the structural phenomena occurring during plastic deformation of these alloys. The obtained results of the study and collected informations will be used to determine the description of the structural changes taking place during hot deformation of Fe ̶Al alloys. The article presents the results of the study of the alloy FeAl28Cr5 deformed by hot torsion in temperature range of 800÷1100°C and a strain rate of 0.1 s-1. The analysis of the structure of the alloy FeAl28Cr5 allowed to reveal changes caused by dynamic processes of deformation. The results of torsion tests show the possibility to obtain a fine-grained structure with of parameters of the processes (T=1000°C, 1100°C) and strain of ε=40. After deformation at strain of (ε=40) the structure consists of fine grains with a misorientation angle higher than 15°, and the average grain size diameter D=28.5 micrometers. Deformation at a temperature of T=1000°C and 1100°C is accompanied by superplastic flow effect.