bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards Stigma on Depression among Young And Middle-Aged Adults in Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Azman Nur Atiqah , Md Razlani Nur Efadini , Bennet Suvitha Marvala , Dahlan Akehsan
Published: May 2023

Due to the critical frequency, one in five Malaysian young adults experienced depression in 2020, the needs to identify the level of knowledge, attitude and practice among community, as aimed in this study, are highly demanded to strategize awareness raising, reducing stigma and hence tailoring efficient intervention. This cross-sectional study enrolled 172 young and middle-aged adults in Selangor, Malaysia via purposive sampling. The Depression Stigma Scale and Depression Literacy assessed stigma, attitude and practice towards depressive disorder. This study found that knowledge and some demographic factors (economic status, age, education) can influence the attitude and practice towards stigma on depression.
Balancing Public Health and Personal Information Protection: Challenges and Crossroads of Health Code Apps in China (Preprint)
Authors: Jiang Jiayi , Zheng Zexing
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Digital technologies, especially contact tracing apps, have been crucial in monitoring and tracing the transmission of COVID-19 worldwide, which presented challenges to personal information protection. In China, health code apps were implemented as an emergency response to the pandemic and planned for broader public health services. However, potential problems within privacy policies may compromise personal information protection under the Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL).

OBJECTIVE

Our objective is to evaluate the legal protection of personal information in the privacy policies of health code apps.

METHODS

This paper presents the first content analysis and quantitative research on privacy policies for health code apps in China, emphasizing the information processing justification and the informed consent. Using a mixed-methods approach, we reviewed regulatory documents and 28 available privacy policies.

RESULTS

Our findings reveal unsatisfactory compliance with PIPL, including the lack of specific purpose and sufficient necessity for processing personal information, inadequate notification and the absence of separate consent.

CONCLUSIONS

China should develop a balanced policy addressing both public health and personal information protection while facing the crossroads regarding the future of health code apps. The specific purpose of applying health code apps in public health services and the sufficient necessity for processing personal information should be reconsidered and articulated explicitly. Meanwhile, users’ informed consent must be obtained, including comprehensive notification and separate consent.
Community Perceptions on Urban Forests Development in Riparian Areas of Cisadane River, South Tangerang City
Authors: Izzati Urfi , Hasibuan Hayati Sari
Published: May 2023

The continuous decrease in green open spaces due to urban development leads to harmful environmental problems for communities. Land scarcity is one of the significant reasons for the difficulty in urban forest development in riparian areas. The development of riparian urban forests serves a dual purpose, namely preserving the natural riparian function for vegetation and increasing the green open space area size. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the riverside community's understanding and views on urban forests and their perceptions of riparian urban forest development. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Approximately 63.64% and 96.97% of the respondents understood and viewed the urban forests well. Furthermore, 90.91% of the respondents agreed with the riparian urban forest development. Generally, 66.67% agreed to create greener, tidier, cleaner, and more beautiful riparian areas to attract tourists. The positive perception of the community regarding the urban forest development in riparian areas became a rational basis to sustain its function and increase the size of urban forests and green open space areas.
The Tianxia System: A Transcendence to the Liberal International Order
Authors: Zhonghe Yu
Published: May 2023

The post-World War II Liberal International Order (LIO) promoted democracy, human rights, free trade, and a rules-based system. Yet it has been dominated by powerful countries, leading to limited representation and economic inequality in developing countries. In contrast, the Tianxia system is more inclusive. This study aims to make broader recommendations for addressing the confusion of the international system and the absence of global governance in the context of Sino-US competition. Using the method of comparative analysis, the Tianxia system and LIO are evaluated. The research shows that the Tianxia system surpasses the LIO to varying degrees in theory and practical experience, but it faces implementation challenges. This highlights the difficulty of a single country promoting the establishment of a world system. Therefore, the establishment of the Tianxia system is still incomplete, and more global forces are needed to jointly overcome the crisis of global governance.
Contrasting Univariate and Multivariate Time Series Forecasting Methods for Sales: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Wang Feng , Aviles Joey
Published: May 2023

In commodity-based industries, accurate sales forecast is very important for effective inventory management and decision-making. Univariate and multivariate time series forecasting methods have been widely used to predict commodity sales. The purpose of this study is to make a comprehensive comparative analysis of these two methods under the background of commodity sales forecast. Firstly, the concept of time series prediction and its significance in the field of commodity sales are introduced. It emphasizes the challenges related to sales forecast, including demand fluctuation, seasonality and external factors affecting sales model. The forecasting methods of univariate time series, such as ARIMA, are discussed in detail, focusing on their ability to capture the time correlation in a single sales variable. In contrast, the multivariate time series prediction method considers the relationship between multiple variables. Vector autoregressive and multivariate extension of ARIMA. These techniques combine the interaction of various factors, including external influences, to improve the accuracy of prediction. In order to make a comprehensive comparative analysis, a data set including historical sales data of specific commodities is used. Both univariate and multivariate models are suitable for forecasting future sales, and their performance indicators are evaluated by MASE. The results show that although univariate models are easier to implement and explain, they often fail to capture the complex interdependence between different factors that affect sales. On the other hand, the multivariate model shows excellent prediction accuracy by integrating related variables and their dynamic relationships. However, they need more additional data and more complex modeling techniques. Finally, the research gives the practical significance and suggestions of choosing an appropriate forecasting method based on the characteristics of commodity sales data and the specific business environment. It emphasizes the importance of considering the accuracy and interpretability of the prediction model in practical application.
Study of Blockchain for Supply Chain Management
Authors: Sangeeta Dr. , Shaikh Shaikh Saltanat
Published: May 2023

Abstract: The market has seen significant change in recent years and has become more demanding and dynamic, creating a competitive atmosphere. The supply chain, which is heavily dependent on cooperation, integration, and flexibility, plays a significant part in helping the organization adapt to the changing environment. several business owners are interested in supply chain applications, and several specialized applications are used to better control the flow of the supply chain. Block chain technology has become one of the most significant new applications in the supply chain and has attracted the attention of many business owners due to its ability to be quickly adjusted to changing business environments and market conditions.One upon reading this will get to know about the effect of block chain technology utilization on this field.According to the study's findings, businesses should invest in block chain technology to make their supply chains more open, adaptable, and safe. There is no denying that block chain technology has a significant impact on building trust with supply chain stakeholders. The research paper also discussed several potential uses for the blockchain in the fields of collaboration and integration, as well as some positive implications.
College Placement Portal System
Authors: Tyagi Animesh
Published: May 2023

Abstract: In this paper College Placement Program. A program that aims to improve an online application for training and the student placement department of our college. The program is an application that can be found throughout the college with correct access provided. This application can be used as an application of Training and Placement (TPO) officers of the college to manage student information about placement. Student sign-in should be able to upload their information to CV form. The application provides storage space for student details. It also provides the requested list of selected recruited students based on a given query. Administrator login can also search for any information stored by students.
O uso do SIG Histórico na análise da gênese e da forma de cidades do nordeste de São Paulo
Authors: Ferreira Rafael Augusto Silva , Pereira Renata Baesso
Published: May 2023

Na rede urbana polarizada pela vila de Casa Branca, na província de São Paulo, durante o século XIX, municípios nasceram a partir dos chamados patrimônios religiosos e compõem a porção nordeste do atual estado de São Paulo. Este trabalho propõe demonstrar a formação desse território e de alguns de seus espaços urbanos, por meio da análise da morfogênese e do traçado desses assentamentos, relacionados com a rede de caminhos e as rotas estruturantes. A investigação insere-se no âmbito de estudos da história urbana que utilizam ferramentas do SIG Histórico e trabalha com fontes textuais e cartográficas produzidas no decorrer do século XIX. O artigo busca contribuir com estudos sobre a gênese de pequenos municípios, criando cartografias temáticas que tratam de questões acerca da formação dos espaços urbanos e de suas modificações ao longo do tempo.
Nonlinear models in ocean engineering: Exact solutions and 3D simulations of the general Drinfiel’d-Sokolov-Wilson system with Jacobi elliptic functions
Authors: ÇELIK NISA
Published: May 2023

This interdisciplinary study highlights the crucial role of mathematics
and physics in ocean engineering. In this study, the traveling wave
solutions of the general Drinfiel’d-Sokolov-Wilson (DSW)-system, which
was introduced as a model of water waves, were investigated. Converting
the DSW-system to a more straightforward system of ordinary differential
equation system with wave transform is the first step in the process.
The solutions of the system were obtained using five different methods.
These methods are effective methods for generating periodic solutions.
It has also been seen that the periodic solutions we got using the
Jacobi elliptic function expansions containing different Jacobi elliptic
functions might be different, and that we can get some new periodic
solutions. Given 3-dimensional simulations using Maple
were made to see the behaviour of the solutions
obtained for the appropriate different values of the parameters. This
study is very important as it is the unique study in the literature in
which five different Jacobi elliptic function expansion methods are
discussed together. Jacobi elliptic functions are valuable mathematical
tools that can be applied to various aspects of ocean engineering. Their
use helps engineers better understand and predict the behaviour of
waves, tidal forces, and other phenomena, ultimately leading to safer
and more efficient structures and systems. The stability property of the
obtained solutions was tested to demonstrate the ability of the obtained
solutions.
A Review of MOFs and Its Derivatives for Lithium Ion Battery: Structural Design, Synthesis Strategy and Mechanism
Authors: Peng Hongjian , Dai Lianghong , Xie Mingfa , Liu Jinyuan
Published: May 2023

MOFs are an emerging class of porous materials with potential
applications in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Despite the numerous
advantages of MOFs, challenges are still pervasive in its application in
LIBs. Herein, we review recent advances in the field of MOFs applied in
electrodes and electrolytes of LIBs based on the structural design of
MOFs. First, low dimensions, inter spaces and composites are introduced
and its application research progress is summarized. Then, the synthesis
strategies of MOFs and its derivatives are briefly reviewed, including
template synthesis and post-synthetic modifications. On this basis, the
effective application mechanism of MOFs in LIBs is summarized. Overall,
these design rationales and synthesis strategies represent general
models of MOFs applied in LIBs, and which are also beneficial for
boosting material innovations in other filed of energy storage.
Application of concept Drift Detection and Adaptive Framework for Non Linear Time Series Data from Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Auluck Nitin , Ganesan Rajarajan , Kaur Tarunpreet , Mittal Alisha , Sahi Mansi , Konar Sushant , Samra Tanvir , Puri Goverdhan Dutt , Thingnum Shayam Kumar Singh
Published: May 2023

The quality of machine learning (ML) models deployed in dynamic
environments tends to decline over time due to disparities between the
data used for training and the upcoming data available for prediction,
which is commonly known as drift. Therefore, it is important for ML
models to be capable of detecting any changes or drift in the data
distribution and updating the ML model accordingly. This study presents
various drift detection techniques to identify drift in the survival
outcomes of patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Additionally, this
study proposes several drift adaptation strategies, such as adaptive
learning, incremental learning, and ensemble learning. Through a
detailed analysis of the results, the study confirms the superior
performance of ensemble model, achieving a minimum mean absolute error
(MAE) of 2.65 and 3.4 for predicting hospital stay and ICU stay,
respectively.
Flocking control for Cucker-Smale model subject to denial-of-service attacks and communication delays
Authors: Qiu Gen , Shi Xiaoyu , Ma Zhuangzhuang , Xie Weicheng , Yang Yong , Chen Kai
Published: May 2023

This paper examines the flocking control issue of Cucker-Smale model in
presence of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and communication delays. In
the setting of DoS attacks, the attacker only obstructs the information
communication among agents during the activation phases, while
concentrates on supplying its own energy during the dormancy phases.
Furthermore, the communication delays are assumed to be time-varying and
heterogeneous. Firstly, a general control input scheme defending against
DoS network attacks and communication delays is constructed. Secondly,
on the basis of the presented control input and the properties of graph
theory, the flocking control issue is equivalently transformed into a
products convergence issue of infinite sub-stochastic matrices. Finally,
an algebraic condition is obtained to formulate all agents
asymptotically achieving the flocking behavior. Moreover, the obtained
theoretical results are verified by a numerical example.
DNA Storage Based on the Marker-LDPC Code
Authors: Xiahou Wenqian , Liu Yuan , Ma Xuan , Li Leran , Yuan Ye
Published: May 2023

The DNA data storage based on the marker-LDPC code is designed, which
can correct insertions/deletions/ substitutions and recover the stored
information accurately. In this system, the data was mapped to the LDPC
codeword, and then the known marker was inserted into it to construct
the concatenated code, which was subsequently converted to the DNA
sequence by employing the quadratic encoding method. Next, the DNA
sequence was synthesized and stored. Finally, we extracted the DNA for
sequencing, and then the stored information was recovered through the
decoding based on the weighted Levenshtein distance. Experiment results
show that the reliable DNA storage can be achieved with the marker-LDPC
code.
Intrauterine staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in a preterm infant
Authors: Lee Ting-Yu , Liu Tzu-Yu
Published: May 2023

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) in premature infants is a
rare condition. We present SSSS in a preterm infant, who developed all
signs and symptoms of SSSS at birth, with a fatal outcome due to
fungemia caused by Candida parapsilosis. The clinical presentation was
challenging to differential diagnosis. SSSS diagnosis was
Hurricane regimes for forests of North and Central America
Authors: Cannon Jeffery , Peterson Chris , Godfrey Christopher , Whelan Andy
Published: May 2023

Tropical cyclones are globally common, and impact forests worldwide.
Despite the ubiquity of hurricane disturbances, little is known about
how hurricane regimes shape the ecology and evolution of tree species.
Consideration of forest fire regimes has advanced the ecological
understanding of fire-prone forests, but no similar framework is
available for hurricanes. Using a simple meteorological model, we test
the hypothesis that the intensity and frequency of hurricanes differs
among geographically distinct hurricane regimes, and we define four
hurricane regimes for North and Central America (Continental, Inland,
Coastal, and Lowland). We quantify major differences in hurricane
regimes and discuss how species traits related to windfirmness may vary
along hurricane regime gradients. Quantitative characterization of
forest hurricane regimes provides a critical first step for
understanding the evolutionary and ecological role of hurricane regimes
in wind-prone forests.
Development of an Adverse Outcome Pathway for Deposition of Energy Leading to Learning and Memory Impairment
Authors: Sleiman Ahmad , Miller Kathleen , Flores Danicia , Kuan Jaqueline , Altwasser Kaitlyn , Smith Benjamin , Kozbenko Tatiana , Hocking Robyn , Wood Scott , Huff Janice , Adam-Guillermin Christelle , Hamada Nobuyuki , Yauk Carole , Wilkins Ruth , Chauhan Vinita
Published: May 2023

The understanding of radiation-induced non-cancer effects on the central
nervous system (CNS) is essential for the medical setting (e.g.,
radiotherapy), and occupational exposures, such as nuclear workers or
astronauts. Herein, the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) approach was used
to consolidate relevant studies in the area of cognitive decline for
identification of research gaps, countermeasure development, and for
eventual use in risk assessments. AOPs are an analytical construct
describing critical events to an adverse outcome (AO) in a simplified
form beginning with a molecular initiating event (MIE). An AOP was
constructed utilizing mechanistic information to build empirical support
for the key event relationships (KERs) between the MIE of deposition of
energy to the AO of learning and memory impairment through multiple key
events (KEs). The evidence for the AOP was developed through a scoping
review of the literature. In this AOP, the MIE is connected to the AO
via six KEs of increased oxidative stress, increased deoxyribonucleic
acid (DNA) strand breaks, altered signaling pathways, tissue resident
cell activation, increased pro-inflammatory mediators and neural
remodeling. Deposition of energy directly leads to oxidative stress,
increased DNA strand breaks, an increase of pro-inflammatory mediators
and tissue resident cell activation. These KEs, which are themselves
interconnected, converge through increased DNA strand breaks, altered
signaling pathways and pro-inflammatory routes and directly lead to
neural remodeling. Broadly, it is envisioned that the outcome of these
efforts could be applied to other cognitive disorders and support
ongoing work by international authorities to review the system of
radiological protection.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SKIN AFTER LOCAL ELECTRON IRRADIATION
Authors: Demyashkin Grigory , Shapovalova Yelena , Marukyan Anna , Vadyukhin Matvey , Guseynova Nargiz , Koryakin Sergey , Shegay Peter , Kaprin Andrey
Published: May 2023

Skin cancer is the most frequently diagnosed type of cancer among all
malignant neoplasms. The decrease in mitotic activity and the death of
intact keratinocytes arise due to the constantly renewing epithelium is
highly sensitive to ionising radiation. Objective: immunohistochemical
evaluation of the proliferative-apoptotic balance of keratinocytes, the
fibrous component of the skin and the expression of pro-inflammatory and
anti-inflammatory cytokines after single or fractional local electron
irradiation. Methods. Wistar rats (n=50) were taken and divided into
groups: I – control (n=20), which were injected with saline; and
experimental groups, local electron irradiation at doses: II – 8 Gy
(n=10; single), III – 40 Gy (n=10, single), IV – summary dose 78 Gy
(n=10; fractional; 13 Gy per day for 6 days). Results and Conclusions. 8
Gy and 40 Gy single local electron irradiation leads to a shift in the
proliferative-apoptotic balance of keratinocytes towards their
apoptosis, the activity of which is directly correlate with the dose of
ionizing radiation, and 78 Gy summary dose in fractions leads to partial
desquamation of the epithelium and inflammatory infiltration. In
addition, a significant increase in the expression of type I and type
III collagen fibers and the development of signs of radiation-induced
skin fibrosis takes place against the background of 78 Gy fractional
local electron irradiation. At the same time, after single 8 Gy and 40
Gy electron irradiation the described immunohistochemical changes were
insignificant and directly correlated with the dose of ionizing
radiation.
Improving screening in a Paediatric cohort for cystic fibrosis related diabetes: a quality improvement project
Authors: M Rachael Marpole , Schultz André , Wilson Andrew
Published: May 2023

Background: There is considerable variation in recommendations
from clinical practice guidelines on when and how to screen for glucose
intolerance in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). In terms of glucose
tolerance, the Australian Standards of Care state that blood glucose
monitoring should be performed to exclude hyperglycaemia on a regular
basis. Annual oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in patients 10 years or
older should be considered and performed in patients with symptoms
suggestive of glucose impairment or unexplained weight loss, growth
failure or worsening respiratory disease.   In 2018, 13 (14%) of the
eligible 99 patients with CF ≥10 years old had an OGTT.  Aims:
To evaluate the added benefit of enhanced screening to children and
adolescents with CF by improving screening to 50% by the end of 2020. 
Methods:  A prospective cross-sectional quality
improvement cycles was performed on patients in the CF clinic, ≥11 years
for OGTT. Patients were excluded from OGTTs if they were prescribed
insulin or prolonged oral/parenteral steroids.  Multiple quality
improvement initiatives were tried. Each intervention was done as a
plan-do-study-act cycles with refinement between each. 
Results:  Screening for CF related diabetes (CFRD)
increased in 2020 to 60% of >10 year olds. Four patients
had new results suggestive of CFRD and ten had new impaired glucose
tolerance.  The most successful strategy was sending letters to
families.  Conclusion:  The Australian Standards of
Care may require revision, as there may be a benefit of routine
screening of all children at certain ages as opposed to waiting for
symptoms.
A study on twitching motility dynamics in Ralstonia solanacearum microcolonies by live imaging
Authors: Bhuyan Shuvam , Dutta Lukapriya , Begum Shuhada , Giri Shubhra , Jain Monika , Mandal Manabendra , Ray Suvendra
Published: May 2023

Ralstonia solanacearum is a rod-shaped phytopathogenic bacterium that
causes lethal wilt disease in many plants. On solid agar growth medium,
in the early hour of the growth of the bacterial colony, the type IV
pili-mediated twitching motility, which is important for its virulence
and biofilm formation, is prominently observed under the microscope. In
this study, we have done a detailed observation of twitching motility in
R. solanacearum colony. In the beginning, twitching motility in
microcolonies was observed as a density-dependent phenomenon that
influences the shape and sizes of the microcolonies. No such phenomenon
was observed in Escherichia coli, where twitching motility is absent. In
the early phase of colony growth, twitching motility exhibited by the
cells at the peripheral region of the colony was more prominent than the
cells towards the centre of the colony. Using a time scale photography
and merging those into a video, twitching motility was observed as an
intermittent phenomenon that progresses in layers in all directions as
finger-like projections at the peripheral region of a bacterial colony.
Each layer of bacteria twitches on top of the other and produces a
multi-layered film-like appearance. We found that the duration between
the emergence of each layer diminishes progressively as the colony
becomes older. This study on twitching motility demonstrates distinctly
heterogeneity among the cells within a colony regarding their dynamics
and the influence of microcolonies on each other regarding colony shape
and size.
Dendritic growth patterns in rocks: Inverting the driving and triggering mechanisms
Authors: Liu Chong , Calo Victor , Regenauer-Lieb Klaus , Hu Manman
Published: May 2023

Mineral precipitation can form complex patterns under non-equilibrium
conditions, in which two representative patterns are rhythmic Liesegang
stripes and fractal dendrites. Interestingly, both patterns occur in the
same rock formations, including various dendritic morphologies found in
different rocks, such as limestone and sandstone. However, the
underlying mechanism for selecting the vastly different mineral
precipitation patterns remains unclear. We use a phase-field model to
reveal the mechanisms driving pattern selection in mineral
precipitation. Simulations allow us to explore the effects of diffusion
parameters on determining the dendritic morphologies. We also propose a
general criterion to distinguish the resulting dendrites in simulations
and field observations based on a qualitative visual distinction into
three categories and a quantitative fractal dimension phase diagram.
Using this model, we reproduce the classified dendrites in the field and
invert for the key parameters that reflect the intrinsic material
properties and geological environments. This study provides a
quantitative tool for identifying the morphology selection mechanism
with potential applications to geological field studies, exploration for
resource evaluation, and other potential industrial applications.
Pore-scale fluid dynamics resolved in pressure fluctuations at the Darcy scale
Authors: Spurin Catherine , Krevor Samuel , Kurotori Takeshi , Blunt Martin Julian , Tchelepi Hamdi A. , Roberts Gareth G , O'Malley Conor Patrick
Published: May 2023

Complex flow dynamics have been observed, at the pore-scale, during
multiphase through porous rocks. These dynamics are not captured in
large scale models exploring the migration and trapping of subsurface
fluids e.g., CO2 or hydrogen. Due to limitations in imaging
capabilities, these dynamics cannot be observed directly at the larger,
Darcy scale. Instead, by using pressure data from pore-scale (mm-scale)
and core-scale (cm-scale) experiments, we show that fluctuations in
pressure measured at the core-scale reflect specific fluid displacement
events taking place at the pore-scale. The spectral characteristics of
the pressure data depends on the flow dynamics, size of the rock sample,
and heterogeneity of pore space. While high resolution imaging of large
samples would be useful in assessing flow dynamics across many of the
scales of interest, such an approach is currently infeasible. We suggest
an alternative, pragmatic, approach examining pressure data in the
time-frequency domain using wavelet transformation.
The expression of mantle seismic anisotropy in the global seismic wavefield
Authors: Wolf Jonathan , Long Maureen D , Frost Daniel A , Nissen-Meyer Tarje
Published: May 2023

The dependence of seismic wavespeeds on propagation or polarization
direction, called seismic anisotropy, is a relatively direct indicator
of mantle deformation and flow. Mantle seismic anisotropy is often
inferred from measurements of shear-wave splitting. A number of standard
techniques to measure shear-wave splitting have been applied globally;
for example, *KS splitting is often used to measure upper mantle
anisotropy. In order to obtain robust constraints on anisotropic
geometry, it is necessary to sample seismic anisotropy from different
directions, ideally using different seismic phases with different
incidence angles. However, many standard analysis techniques can only be
applied for certain epicentral distances and source-receiver
ge-ometries. In this work, we apply a “wavefield differencing”
approach to (systematically) understand what parts of the seismic
wavefield are most affected by seismic anisotropy in the mantle. We
systematically analyze differences between synthetic global wavefields
calculated for isotropic and anisotropic input models, incorporating
seismic anisotropy at different depths. Our results confirm that the
seismic phases that are commonly used in splitting techniques are indeed
strongly influenced by mantle anisotropy. However, we also identify less
commonly used phases whose waveforms reflect the effects of anisotropy.
For example, PS is strongly affected by upper mantle seismic anisotropy.
We show that PS can be used to fill in gaps in global coverage in shear
wave splitting datasets (for example, beneath ocean basins). We find
that PcS is also a promising phase, and present a proof-of-concept
example of PcS splitting analysis across the contiguous United States
using an array processing approach. Because PcS is recorded at at much
shorter distances than *KS phases, PcS splitting can therefore fill in
gaps in backazimuthal coverage. The insights provided by a wavefield
differencing approach provide promising new strategies for improving our
ability to detect and characterize seismic anisotropy in the mantle.
Novel inflammatory markers and prognostic importance of platinum-sensitive ovarian carcinoma relapse
Authors: Tay Fatih , Büyükkör Mustafa , Ateş Öztürk
Published: May 2023

Introduction/Objective. Ovarian carcinomas are the deadliest gynecological tumors. Despite advances in treatment options, survival rates are still not at the desired level. Since clinical signs are not typical in early-stage disease, two-thirds of patients are diagnosed late. Carbohydrate Antigen 125 (CA125) does not have sufficient sensitivity and specificity in early-stage disease and early post-relapse progression. There is a need for a simple and cost-effective marker that correlates with CA125. For this purpose, we aimed to evaluate the potential of systemic inflammatory markers? as diagnostic aids. Methods. Patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian carcinomas were preferred because the treatment options were more diverse than the resistant group. Using retrospective data collection, 105 patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian carcinoma, admitted in the last four years were included in the study. Complete blood count data was recorded based on recurrence and progression periods. Results. When the systemic immune inflammatory index (SII) values were evaluated in combination with CA125 in terms of progression during the control visits after platinum-sensitive disease recurrence treatment, progression detection proportions increased to 97.5%, which was 82.9% when only CA125 was used. On the other hand, false positivity, which was 18.5% for CA125 alone, decreased to 2.5% when combined with SII. Furthermore, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, white blood cells, and neutrophil values showed correlations with high CA125 values. Conclusion. The SII value could be used together with CA125 because it is easy to use, accessible, and has low cost in clinical practice, as well as to increase the accuracy rate and make precise corrections in the false positivity rate.
Crime Scene Examination of Murder and Suicide Case
Authors: Chandra Subhash
Published: May 2023

Information was received in the control room of Forensic Science Laboratory, Delhi, for crime scene examinations of two dead bodies found in the room. A team of Forensic Experts visited the scene of crime and found various clue materials to establish the nature of the case. The crime was took place in the room of ahouse situated at the ground floor of the building. There was one female dead body found lying on the floor in front of the entry door and one male body was found hanging on the ceiling fan. There are many methods for committing suicide like poisoning, hanging, drowning etc. Hanging is a frequent suicide method because it anticipated a certain, rapid and painless death. Cut throats can be homicidal, suicidal or accidental. Homicidal cut-throats are a well-recognized method of killing while suicidal cut throats are less commonly reported and accidental cut throats are rare. The present study was carried out to ascertain whether it was a case of suicide or a murder by examining the scene of crime. Various evidences of forensic interested were collected and were thoroughly examined information from the investigation officer was also gathered. From the study it was concluded that female was murdered by a sharp edge weapon by her husband and then he has attempted suicide by hanging himself.
Hand Anthropometry; Sex Determination from Hand Dimensions in Adult Tanzanians
Authors: Zahor Swafaa
Published: May 2023

Background: Personal identification through sex determination is an essential element of medico-legal examinations done by forensic scientists, clinical anatomists, clinical radiologists, anthropologists and orthopedic surgeons. The hand dimensions are sexually dimorphic and exhibit potential for sex discrimination. Aim: To determine the cut-off values of hand dimensions that could discriminate between sexes in Adult Tanzanians. Materials and Method: 384 students (192 males and 192 females) aged 18-59 years were studied. Hand length and breadth measurements were taken to estimate Hand Index, then statistically analyzed by the use of SPSS version 24 and Microsoft Excel. Results: The average hand length and breadth were found to be about 1.6 cm and 0.7 cm greater in males than in females respectively. Cut off points to differentiate between male and female for hand length, breadth and index were 18.92 cm, 9.21 cm and 48.86 respectively. Conclusion: Hand length showed the highest accuracy in the determination of sex followed by hand breadth and lastly hand index. The study clearly demonstrates that the predictive accuracy of sex estimation varies within each population, hence emphasizes the significance of generating population-specific standards to accurately estimate sex.
Homicide Victims and Alcohol Related Consumption in Brazil
Authors: Miziara Ivan Dieb
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Deaths due to external causes, mainly homicides, are a serious public health problem in Brazil. There is evidence that the tendency to impulsive and / or violent behavior is exacerbated after alcohol consumption. Otherwise, the relationship between alcohol and violent deaths is described in the medical literature without much precision. Objective: Analyze the relationship between victims' blood alcohol levels and homicides, in the micro-region formed by some municipalities in Greater São Paulo. Methods: Retrospectively, we reviewed the data from the medical records of 805 necropsies performed at the Medical Legal Institute of Sao Paulo (IML-SP) in Franco da Rocha, Brazil, from 2001 to 2017. Descriptive statistics were calculated to assess BAC testing status among decedents overall. The variables studied were sex, age, manner of death and blood alcohol level (BAC). Results: Of the 230 individuals analyzed, 200 (86.9%) were male and 30 (13.04%) female. The most prevalent age range for males was between 18 and 23 years (19.5%). For the women group it was between 12 and 23 years (33.2%). The vast majority of homicides (n = 162, 70.4%) was due to firearms, followed by sharp force and blunt force trauma (13% each one). Of the 230 cases of homicide victims analyzed, 205 (89,1%) presented a positive blood alcohol level (BAC), e.g, over 0,3 mg/dl. In the group of homicide victims by firearm, 57 (24,7%) of them presented a median value of BAC of 1.3 mg/ml. Discussion and Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that alcohol intoxication was common in homicide victims in Franco da Rocha from 2001-2017. It also confirms some findings from other researchers linking blood alcohol and deaths from unnatural causes. Our study showed that majority of victims are young adults, and most of them were under alcohol effect when they were murdered. So, the fact that the victims were drunk can contribute to the fatal outcome, in cases of homicide. This approach alone cannot establish that alcohol consumption is a risk factor for become a victim of homicide and further studies are necessary to a better comprehension of the effect of alcohol in homicide victims.
Professional Liability in Anaphylactic Shock Cases: Case Report
Authors: Elshama Said Said
Published: May 2023

Drug-induced fatal anaphylaxis is a common challenge in the last period because of the claim of medical malpractice in these cases. Medical malpractice emerges usually during drug administration by the healthcare provider because of the failure to recognize the allergic condition or failure to apply precautions regarding preventive measures or failure to apply appropriate resuscitation measures at a suitable time for saving the patient’s life. So, the current presentation of case reports aims to show the professional liability of healthcare providers during dealing with anaphylactic shock in two different situations. Therefore, the job description of every involved healthcare provider should be outlined based on the determination of the legal and professional rules to identify any healthcare provider who breached the duty. In addition, the pillars of professional liability should be recognized while dealing with these medical malpractice issues and different medical errors in cases of anaphylactic shock. Thus, the role of the forensic expert is an application of the mentioned rules to identify shortcomings aspects that lead to medical malpractice wherein medical errors may be caused by a shortage of medical knowledge, lack of care, workplace disorganization, or miscommunication among healthcare providers or with the patient besides an unsuitable workplace environment.
Data Sovereignty & Forensic Investigative Genetic Genealogy (FIGG): A Path Forward For Humanitarian & Mass Graves Investigations
Authors: Dowdeswell Tracey Leigh
Published: May 2023

This paper addresses several issues concerning the ethical governance of forensic investigative genetic genealogy (FIGG) in humanitarian investigations that seek to identify decedents in mass graves, disaster victims, and to reconstruct past atrocities. FIGG is better suited to human remains investigations than existing forensic DNA methods, such as partial matching in CODIS databases, and for this reason its use has increased. However, survivor communities may not benefit from the use of FIGG to reconstruct past events and promote the goals of healing and reconciliation unless we first address several pressing issues with the ethical governance of FIGG in humanitarian investigations. These include a lack of trust on the part of survivor communities, concerns over privacy, autonomy, informed consent, and the future uses of genetic data that generate an unwillingness to provide DNA for forensic investigations. This paper looks at the movement of Indigenous data sovereignty, which posits that control over data should be put in the hands of those who are most affected by its use, and its potential to be used as a blueprint for the ethical governance of FIGG in all humanitarian investigations. This is illustrated through recent examples of data sovereignty being applied by FIGG investigators: the private, non-profit DNA Justice database, and the mass graves investigations at the Mother and Baby Home in Tuam, Ireland.
Forex, Cfds and Other Derivatives: Investments or Gambling?
Authors: Barnes Paul
Published: May 2023

The attractions to investors of forex and other derivatives derives from their simplicity: to bet on the direction of a price change. Unfortunately, many ‘investors’ do not realise that short term price changes are not predictable and, inevitably, they will lose their money. This paper explains why this is inevitable. It also argues that the regulation of forex should be handled by a gambling regulator (in the UK, the Gambling Commission) rather than a financial regulator (in the UK, the Financial Conduct Authority) as forex trading is a bet and not an investment.
Forensic Genetics as a Tool for Forensic Investigation at the Crime Scene
Authors: Jorge Rodríguez
Published: May 2023

The 21st century will bring us, as the 20th century brought us the specialization of forensic medicine, an increasing integration of subspecialties. The importance of DNA testing in the forensic field as a method of identification lies in its potential applicability to solve many cases that would be difficult to clarify by conventional investigative procedures and in the very high reliability of its results, only comparable with dactyloscopic expertise. The application of this profile allows the use of any fluid from the same person since it presents the same genetic code regardless of where the print comes from such as blood, saliva, semen, hair, sweat. The present research consists of a descriptive investigation that started with a transversal observational study of the application of DNA expertise for identification purposes. A bibliographic review of specialized sources on the subject was carried out, and an assessment was made of the importance of the application of DNA expertise as evidence in criminal proceedings and its impact on due process. It was analyzed the vulnerabilities that threaten the quality of the expertise and how the evaluation of the evidence can be thundered doubtful or inconclusive if the established protocols are not fulfilled, in addition the importance and perspectives of the genetic bank for forensic purposes were widely discussed, as well as the care to be taken by the risks that this has if the security measures provided for this purpose are not met.
Retrospective Molecular Analysis in Five Cases Probably Associated with Sudden Death the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Colombia
Authors: Ariza Joseph Alape
Published: May 2023

In recent years, significant advances have been made in understanding the genetic factors that predispose to sudden cardiac death, finding multiple affected genes that cause arrhythmic disorders, which could trigger sudden death in structurally normal hearts, to determine these genetic variants. It has an important role as a complement in autopsies of deaths to be determined. Cases and controls were analyzed through the study of the exome by next-generation sequencing. The variants were filtered following international recommendations, different software was used to determine the possible variants associated with cardiomyopathies and cardiac channelopathies. Twelve structural variants were found in six genes associated with different types of cardiomyopathies. Seven variants were found in six genes associated with cardiac channelopathies, and additionally, twenty-one variants were found in twelve genes of uncertain significance, four variants may be of clinical relevance. In deaths whose causes remain to be determined after performing the autopsy and considering negative toxicological, virologic, and microscopy results, it is extremely important to carry out a molecular analysis because the cause of death is possibly due to a channelopathy or an arrhythmia that is difficult to detect during the autopsy.
Forensic Importance of Poroscopy in Age Estimation of the Fingerprint Donor and in Criminal Profiling
Authors: U Kiruthiga
Published: May 2023

Fingerprints are unique patterns of ridges and valleys on the tips of fingers. The study of these unique patterns for the purpose of personal identification is called dermatoglyphics. These patterns are formed during fetal development and remain constant throughout a person's life, except in cases of permanent injuries and/or certain medical conditions. Fingerprint analysis, which involves the examination of the ridges on the fingertips, is a common method used in criminal investigations to identify suspects. Recently, pores present in the fictional ridges are also found to be having equal importance as the ridge minutiae characteristics in personal identification. Poroscopy as a ‘third level’ of fingerprint analysis can help the experts to identify criminals with their unique characteristic features such as the type of sweat gland openings, pore density, and shapes. This research focuses on studying the forensic importance of the pores present in the frictional ridges in estimating the age of the fingerprint donor, and in criminal profiling. 500 samples were collected to analyze the difference in the pore conditions between the genders and people of different age categories. The study showed significant results and the potential ability of the Poroscopy in personal identification and in criminal profiling.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN LITERACY HUMANISTIC DAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA KELAS V SD
Authors: I.M.A. Suradipa  , I.B. Putrayasa  , I.M. Gunamantha
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik, validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen litarcy humanistic dan kemampuan berpikir kritis pada pembelajaran IPA kelas V SD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan pendidikan dengan desain penelitian 4D yang sudah dimodifikasi yang terdiri dari 4 tahap yaitu define, design, develop dan desimination. Subyek penelitian pengembangan ini meliputi instrumen literacy humanistic dan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah rubrik penilaian judges, lembar observasi, dan soal essay. Berdasarkan analisis data menggunakan rumus Lawshe untuk mengukur validitas isi instrument, dilanjutkan diuji  product moment untuk mengukur validitas empirik instrumen dan alpha cronbach untuk mengukur reliabilitas instrument, diperoleh hasil penelitian bahwa: (1) Karakteristik pengeebangan instrumen dikembangkan dengan baik. (2) Instrumen litarcy humanistic yang dikembangkan memenuhi syarat validitas isi dengan nilai 1,00 dengan kategori sangat baik dan validitas empirik menyatakan semua instrumen valid dan sangat layak digunakan, (3) Instrumen kemampuan berpikir kritis yang dikembangkan memenuhi syarat validitas konten dengan nilai  1,00 dengan kategori sangat baik dan validitas empirik menyatakan semua instrumen valid dan sangat layak digunakan, (4) Instrumen litarcy humanistic yang dikembangkan memenuhi syarat reliabilitas dengan nilai 0,99 dengan kategori sangat tinggi, (5) Instrumen berpikir kritis yang dikembangkan memenuhi syarat reliabilitas dengan nilai 0,96 dengan kategori sangat tinggi sehingga layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran