bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marginalisation and Portrayal of Women Characters in Indian Diasporic Writings: A Study of Jhumpa Lahiri and Bharati Mukherjee
Authors: Simran Punia
Published: September 2024

Most authors of post-colonial diasporic origin tend to write in a formulaic fashion. Inviting readers from all over the world, they use methods as varied as stream of consciousness, immigration, magic realism, alienation, and the capacity to adjust to a new area and culture. The literary world has taken notice of Indian literature in English because of the depth and relevance of its subject matter. The contemporary trend in Indian writing in English is unparalleled, despite the fact that outstanding literary works written in English were discovered a century ago. Numerous authors have gained widespread recognition on both a national and international scale. Some of the most well-known Indian authors of the modern era did not even grow up in India. Modern Indian English literature found a strong ally in India's female authors. They have shed light on many of the ongoing problems that women have had to deal with for centuries. Women who have stepped out to demonstrate their efficacy in numerous fields have been met with resistance from patriarchal culture. An identity crisis does not arise from one specific event or cause. A person's identity crisis may have been brought on by a number of different things.
A Study of the World Wide Consequences of Populism on Democracy
Authors: Dr. Hari Narayan Sahoo
Published: September 2024

This article explores the profound and far-reaching consequences of populism on democracy across the globe. Populism, characterized by its appeal to the masses and vilification of established elites, has become a potent force in shaping political landscapes worldwide. Through an interdisciplinary lens drawing on political science, sociology, and economics, we analyze how the rise of populism challenges the fundamental pillars of democracy. We investigate its impact on democratic institutions, governance structures, and political culture, highlighting its tendencies to exacerbate polarization, erode trust in democratic processes, and undermine the rule of law. Moreover, we examine the economic ramifications of populist policies, often marked by protectionism and short-termism, which can destabilize economies and exacerbate social inequalities. Additionally, we explore the implications of populism for international relations, including its potential to disrupt diplomatic norms and alliances. By synthesizing empirical research and theoretical insights, this article provides a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted consequences of populism on democracy, offering insights for policymakers, scholars, and concerned citizens seeking to safeguard democratic principles in an era of populist resurgence.
A Roadmap to Industry Based Curriculum in Higher Education Through Public-Private Partnership Model
Authors: Mr. Vibhanshu  , Dr. Ruchi Rayat
Published: September 2024

Higher education in any country plays an important role in nation building. Education system has a social agenda to develop its human resource in a better way to meet the requirements of society. Several reforms were introduced to promote quality in higher education and make education accessible to every society. The continuous amendments in education policies are required to meet the present expectations of industry. The traditional approach of rote learning and memory level teaching shall not work out in the modern times where the requirements of industry are changing frequently. There is a need of an hour for the higher institutions to shift their approach from academic based curriculum to industry-based curriculum. Many higher education institutions are struggling to provide quality, affordable education and research to its end users. Thus, a collaborative approach needs to be followed in the form of public-private partnership model for facilitating practical learning in higher institutions and preparing the future budding managers to bridge the gap between skills required to meet industry expectations and the skills they possess. The aim of this paper is to explore about the PPP model for promoting industry-based curriculum in academics. The study is purely secondary in nature followed with exploratory research-design for giving a broader view on implementation of PPP model in higher institutions. The present study provides an integrated process through which the effectiveness and working of PPP model is well-explained.
The Verdant Canvas: An Investigation into the Significance of Nature in Romantic Poetry
Authors: Rakhsheena Baig
Published: September 2024

This paper delves into the profound significance of nature in the works of prominent Romantic poets, including William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and John Keats. It argues that nature transcends mere backdrop to become a primary character, shaping poetic themes, influencing language, and offering a canvas for exploring philosophical inquiries, spiritual connections, and emotional expression. Analysing key poems through the lens of pantheism, the role of imagination, and the symbolic potential of landscape, the paper illuminates how Romantic poets utilize nature to challenge societal norms, express personal anxieties and aspirations, and ultimately, reveal a nuanced understanding of the human condition in relation to the natural world.
An Analysis of Routing Protocol in Mobile Adhoc Networks and its Applications
Authors: Davinder Singh  , Dr. Mohit Gupta
Published: September 2024

Each hub in a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) sends parcels bound for different hubs in the network by means of remote (radio transmission) transmission on a wilful premise, making it a self-beginning, powerful network made up of mobile hubs. Multi-bounce transferring is the essential inspiration for the advancement of ad hoc networking. Remote Ad hoc networks, otherwise called foundation less networks, can be set up rapidly and effectively using radio waves as the network's transmission channel. There is no principal server or referee in an ad hoc network. Every hub in a MANET is fit for playing out its own networking errands, for example, routing and bundle sending, in a decentralized and independent style. Uses of routing protocols like Ad hoc On-request Distance Routing Protocol (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Transiently Requested Routing Calculation (TORA), and Enhanced Connection State Routing (OLSR) are fascinating in light of the fact that routing is the focal issue in MANETs. These routing protocols are simulated using OPNET, and their effectiveness is investigated using various metrics. With the use of metrics, the most efficient channel for data transfer can be determined. The results demonstrate the viability of AODV and TORA for topology-changing in large-scale networks using a variety of criteria.
A Comparison of the impact of advertising on Customer Buying Behavior Through Different Media
Authors: Amit Kumar Singh Amit Kumar Singh , Dr. Indal Kumar Dr. Indal Kumar
Published: September 2024

Advertising is the main channel of communication between the producer and the consumer.One of the four pillars of the marketing mix, advertising is a component of the promotion mix (product,price, location, and promotion). Advertising is a marketing strategy used to pique customers' interest ina product so they can decide whether or not to purchase it. Marketers use mass marketing strategiesincluding public relations, brand promotion, and advertising. The aim of this study is to compare theimpact of advertising on customer buying action through different media.
Impact of Russia- Ukraine War on Indian Economy
Authors: Tanya jolly
Published: September 2024

In this day and age, few individuals have considered making war predictions. Still, it is taking place. Both the global economy and the people of Ukraine are suffering as a result of something they have never done in their lives.
Ukraine was attacked by Russia on February 24, 2022. Since then, Russia has been the target of criticism from other nations as a whole, and now, other nations have united against Russia, greatly impacting the global economy.
My research attempts to determine how the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has influenced India's international commerce, what effects it has had on the country's future, and what other patterns the Indian economy will likely follow as a result of this conflict. I'll examine India's international commerce with Russia and Ukraine during the last five years and attempt to research how a conflict would affect trade in the future. We believe that this study article will aid in the understanding of the global impact of this conflict by the scholarly community.
Enforcement Challenges and Legal Implications of Environmental Regulations
Authors: Sushma Desai  , Dr. Balasaheb Garje
Published: September 2024

India is now struggling with a number of severe environmental concerns that put the country's development as well as its future possibilities in jeopardy. The natural environment of India has been severely damaged as a result of unchecked human activity, and the resulting ecological problems are stifling the country's capacity for social progress. The study demonstrates how a backdrop of extreme poverty, decreasing land area, increasing air pollution, decreasing water resources, the extinction of native species of flora and fauna, and the disappearance of native species of flora and fauna all work against the good development of Indians and the nation as a whole. It places a primary emphasis on preserving the natural equilibrium that exists between human existence and the surrounding environment as its primary goal. This is an absolute requirement for the growth of all life, including human life. The primary contribution that this article will make is to offer assistance to the government agencies that are responsible for fostering environmental awareness among Indian residents.
Evaluating the Impact of Sustainable Finance on CSR and Public Awareness: A Study Across India, the UAE, and Oman
Authors: Mr. Sameer Ahmed Alvi  , Dr. Nishtha Pareek
Published: September 2024

This research employs a quantitative method to examine the influence of sustainable financing on corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives and public awareness in India, the UAE, and Oman. A set of standardized questionnaires including Likert scale questions was issued to a total of 280 participants working in the financial sector. The purpose of these questionnaires was to assess their level of involvement in sustainable financing, corporate social responsibility (CSR) efforts, economic development, and their understanding of sustainability in the public domain. Statistical techniques, such as regression as well as moderation analysis, are used. The research seeks to evaluate the effects of sustainable financing on corporate social responsibility (CSR), its impact on public awareness, the function of public awareness as a mediator, and the influence of economic development as a moderator. The results of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis indicate that there is a strong fit between the model and the data for the relationship between sustainable finance and corporate social responsibility (CSR). The fit indices, including χ2=50.400, df=26, CMIN/DF=1.938, GFI=0.966, RFI=0.948, NFI=0.970, IFI=0.985, CFI=0.985, RMR=0.030, and RMSEA=0.058, all suggest a good fit. Similarly, the analysis also reveals a strong fit between sustainable finance and public awareness, with χ2=42.290, df=25, CMIN/DF=1.692, GFI=0.971, RFI=0.953, NFI=0.974, IFI=0.989, CFI=0.989, RMR=0.029, and RMSEA=0.050. The mediation analysis provides evidence that public knowledge plays a vital role in connecting sustainable finance and corporate social responsibility (p=.000). Nevertheless, the moderation study indicates that there is no substantial moderating of this association by economic growth (interaction path estimate 0.038, p=0.241). The results emphasize the need of implementing policies that support sustainable financing and increase public knowledge to improve corporate social responsibility (CSR) outcomes in the examined areas.
Comparative analysis: Surrogacy regulation in India and global perspectives
Authors: Arshia Malhotra
Published: September 2024

This research paper examines the complex regulatory environment surrounding surrogacy in India, investigating its historical development and the intricate interplay of legal, ethical, and cultural factors. The paper examines the regulatory reforms that ensued after India became a prominent international hub for commercial surrogacy, with a specific emphasis on the intricate provisions of the Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021. It emphasizes the impact of the act and addresses any limitations that were previously present. This study investigates the constitutional and legal ramifications that arise from the criteria for eligibility, with a particular focus on the effects on the infant, surrogate mothers, and intended parents. With the assistance of a global comparative analysis, this paper provides a nuanced perspective on surrogacy laws in Ukraine, the United States, and the United Kingdom, among others. These three jurisdictions were selected due to the fact that their surrogacy legislations regulate the industry to varying degrees: Ukraine regulates commercial surrogacy, the United States has state-made legislation, and the United Kingdom's legislation is very similar to that of India. The core of the manuscript consists of ten recommendations that are specifically designed for the Indian context. These recommendations promote the following: comprehensive legislation, parental rights recognition, autonomy for surrogate mothers, and ethical guidelines. The aforementioned suggestions encompass public education initiatives, anti-discrimination protocols, and international surrogacy regulations. In conclusion, the paper proposes a legal structure that is congruent with the cultural heterogeneity of India, thereby cultivating an atmosphere for surrogacy arrangements that is ethical, inclusive, and transparent.
राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति, 2020 में शिक्षा डिजिटलाइजेशन ऑनलाइन शिक्षा और प्रौधोगिकी एक अध्ययन
Authors: राजेन्द्र कुमार पिवहरे
Published: September 2024

राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति भारत के वर्तमान परिदृश्य में एक सकारात्मक बदलाव की परिचायक है, यह नीति उस परंपरागत ढांचे को प्रतिस्थापित करती है जो प्राचीन दशको से चली आ रही है, इसका लक्ष्य एक आधुनिक शिक्षा प्राणाली विकसित करना है जो पारंपरिक शिक्षा की कसौटी के परे हो, केन्द्रीय मंत्रिमण्डल से मजूरी के बाद 29 जुलाई 2020 को नई राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति 2020 मंजूर किया गया, यह नीति भारत में शिक्षा जगत में एक मील का पत्थर है यह नीति स्कूल के घंटो केा बढाकर ऑनलाईन सीखने को अपनाने और याद करने से दूर जाकर एक सुलभ स्थापित करने पर केंद्रित है, यह नीति शिक्षा को सुदृढ बनाने की सिफारिश करती है।
हरियाणा में स्कूल शिक्षा के परिवर्तनात्मक आयामः समस्याएं, संवेदनशीलताएं और समाधान
Authors: रितु  , डॉ. विनोद तिवारी
Published: September 2024

इस शोध पत्र में हरियाणा राज्य के स्कूलों में परिवर्तनात्मक शिक्षा की महत्वपूर्णता और उसे समृद्ध करने की रणनीतियों पर प्रकाश डाला गया है। परिवर्तनात्मक शिक्षा विद्यार्थियों को समाज में सकारात्मक परिवर्तन में योगदान करने की क्षमता विकसित करने का कार्य करती है। स्कूल शिक्षा एक विद्यार्थी के व्यक्तिगत और सामाजिक विकास में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाती है। इस अध्ययन में हरियाणा राज्य के स्कूलों में परिवर्तनात्मक शिक्षा की वर्तमान स्थिति, उसकी महत्वपूर्णता और इसे समृद्ध करने की संभावना और रणनीतियाँ पर प्रकाश डाला गया है।
परिवर्तनात्मक शिक्षा (Transformational Education) का उद्देश्य केवल ज्ञान का प्रसार नहीं है, बल्कि विद्यार्थियों के जीवन में सकारात्मक परिवर्तन लाना भी है। यह शिक्षा प्रणाली विद्यार्थियों को जीवन की जटिलताओं को समझने और उनसे निपटने के लिए तैयार करती है। हरियाणा जैसे तेजी से विकसित होते राज्य में, जहाँ शिक्षा के क्षेत्र में निरंतर प्रगति हो रही है, परिवर्तनात्मक शिक्षा का महत्व और भी बढ़ जाता है। यह शिक्षा विद्यार्थियों को न केवल अकादमिक रूप से बल्कि व्यक्तिगत और सामाजिक स्तर पर भी विकसित करने में मदद करती है।
Impact of Goods and Service Tax on Common Man
Authors: S. Pavithra S. Pavithra , Dr. B. Kannan Dr. B. Kannan
Published: September 2024

A system of indirect taxes called the Goods and Services Tax is imposed on the consumptionof products and services. It has established a dual system that the central and the states wouldimplement simultaneously. This study's main goal is to bring India's tax structure closer to uniformity byimplementing the GST. GST stands for One Nation, One Tax, One Market. It tries to examine how theGoods and Services Tax affects the average person. This research discovered that additional awarenesscampaigns and commercials may be supported to help the average person understand the GSTproposal.
Honour Killing in India and role of Khap Panchayats
Authors: Deepak Malik  , Prof. Harsh Purohit
Published: September 2024

A horrific example of cultural customs and society standards that put family honour ahead of personal freedom and rights are honour murders. throughout spite of societal disapproval and legal restrictions, these heinous crimes—which are mostly committed against women—recur throughout India. Examining the issue of honour murders in India, this study focuses especially on the important role that traditional caste-based councils known as Khap Panchayats play in rural areas.
Honour murders are first contextualised in the study within the larger framework of patriarchal systems and deeply ingrained gender norms that characterise Indian culture.  It also emphasises how political and law enforcement officials in the area have allowed honour killing offenders to operate with impunity, therefore highlighting the systemic character of the issue. The report also looks at community-based awareness programmes, grassroots activity, and legislative actions meant to stop honour murders and question Khap Panchayat power. It underlines the need of confronting underlying sociocultural beliefs and enabling underprivileged people—women in particular—to stand up for their rights and oppose repressive policies.
This study emphasises how urgently multidimensional approaches—including legislative changes, societal mobilisation, and educational programmes meant to question regressive norms and undermine caste-based oppressive systems—are needed to end honour murders in India. It urges coordinated measures to hold offenders and their supporters responsible and to promote gender equality and human dignity.
Exploring the use of recycled materials in interior design and their environmental benefits
Authors: Prof. Ar. Amol Madhav Bapat
Published: September 2024

Sustainable and environmentally friendly interior design practices have grown in popularity in recent years. The field of interior architecture has adopted a fresh perspective in its design process. Consideration of both the user's and the environment's well-being are central to sustainable interior design. Sustainable interior design is discussed in the article, along with the significance and use of certain materials. In addition, examples of completed projects that prioritize environmental friendliness are shown, along with the fundamental principles of sustainable design. As a result of the economy's meteoric rise, "green ecology" has quickly gained widespread acceptance. Investigating and studying the potential uses of biodegradable materials in this setting is worthwhile. The use of biodegradable materials in home decor is the topic of this article. Avoidance, reduction, and reuse are the three main tenets of waste minimization initiatives.
Portrayal of Woman in Mulk Raj Anand’s the old woman and the cow and Arundhati Roy’s "the Ministry of Utmost Happiness
Authors: Poonam Pandey  , Dr. Ankita Soni
Published: September 2024

The arrival of a woman is like the first light of dawn, dispelling the shadows. She has the power to dispel any anxiety that arises from mental shadows, like the sun that illuminates the world. Essentially, life begins with women. The fact that women are the ones who brought this universe into being is an undeniable fact. A strong belief in women's inherent worth as human beings is fundamental to feminism. It identifies shifts in cultural norms that repress women and works to alter those norms. Feminism examines and analyses the repressed position of women in a socio-political setting by pursuing such an effort. Equal rights and status for women are the goals of this movement. The Indian author Mulk Raj Anand also wrote short stories. The Indian social fabric is something that Arundhati Rao has a keen eye for. As a revolutionary spark for the litterateurs of the twenty-first century, he fights for the rights of the marginalised and oppressed. In his books, Anand depicts the impoverished people of India in a realistic light. This article uses Arundhati Rao's The Ministry of Utmost Happiness (2017) as a lens through which to examine Mulk Raj Anand's 1960 novel The Old Woman and the Cow via the feminist topic of gender inequalities. There is a noticeable trend in modern English-language literature towards works written by Indian women. From a societal and personal perspective, this study examines the achievements of Indian women.
Adapting to Diversity: Leveraging AI for ESL Learning Enhancement
Authors: Anjum Khan  , Dr. Veerendra Mishra
Published: September 2024

Recent years have seen tremendous advancements in artificial intelligence, which is now pervasive in many aspects of society. Its ability to emulate human intelligence sets it apart. Artificial Intelligence is being explored more and more in the field of education as a possible aid to enhance language acquisition, particularly in the development of students' communication skills. Artificial Intelligence possesses the capability to deliver dynamic, adaptable, and personalized learning experiences that are suited to individual student needs and interests. The purpose of this research is to identify each student's preferred method of learning and adapt the language-learning process to meet their needs. This suggests that each student can focus on the areas in which they require the most assistance and work at their own pace while studying. The important part that social interactions, group projects, and cognitive development play. According to this viewpoint, less skilled students participate in cooperative learning activities with more skilled people, such as teachers or, in modern environments, computer programs. In addition, the enormous volumes of data that AI can analyse and draw conclusions from can be utilized to address the varied language and cultural backgrounds of students. It also shows how important it is to adapt lessons to meet the different needs of English language learners. Overall, these results show how important it is to change the way we teach to fit the needs of different groups of people and to use new technologies like AI to make learning more specific and help students do better in ESL classes.
A Study the concept and legal principles of Water Management
Authors: Ashit Kumar Singh  , Dr. Shammi Kesh Roy
Published: September 2024

Water management is a multifaceted concept that encompasses the planning, development, distribution, and optimal use of water resources. It is crucial for ensuring the sustainable supply of water for various human needs, including drinking, agriculture, industry, and recreation, while also maintaining the health of aquatic ecosystems. Effective water management involves the integration of scientific, technical, economic, and social considerations to balance competing demands and protect water quality. Legal principles play a pivotal role in guiding water management practices. These principles provide a framework for regulating water use, resolving conflicts, and promoting sustainable practices. Key legal principles in water management include the doctrine of equitable and reasonable use, which ensures fair allocation of water resources among users; the precautionary principle, which mandates proactive measures to prevent water pollution and degradation; and the principle of public participation, which emphasizes the importance of involving stakeholders in decision-making processes. International agreements and national laws often incorporate these principles to address transboundary water issues and domestic water governance. Effective implementation of these legal frameworks requires robust institutional arrangements, transparent governance, and enforcement mechanisms.
Innovations in Pharmacovigilance: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Enhanced Drug Safety Monitoring
Authors: Abdulaziz Ali Al Amri  , Ahmed Ebrahem Al Thobaiti  , Fahad Sultan Al Zahrani  , Fahad Abdulali Alkharmani  , Abdulmuhsen Ghazy Alqethami
Published: September 2024

The technique of pharmacovigilance, which involves keeping an eye on how medical pharmaceuticals are working after they've been approved for use, is vital in making sure that drugs are safe to use. Novel approaches brought about by the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) have the potential to greatly improve pharmacovigilance by making ADR identification, evaluation, and prevention much more effective. This study delves into the most recent advancements in AI-driven pharmacovigilance, shedding light on how drug safety monitoring is being revolutionised by machine learning algorithms, natural language processing, and big data analytics. In this article, we will go over the pros, cons, and possible next steps for pharmacovigilance frameworks that use AI.
Study of Patients’ Satisfaction with different types of Telemedicine Services provided by the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Waleed Salem Alghamdi  , Abdulrahman Owaynan Alshaibani  , Turki Ghazi Alotaibi
Published: September 2024

One way to gauge the quality of healthcare is to look at how satisfied patients are with the system overall. Finding out how happy patients are with various telemedicine services offered by Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Health is the main goal of this research. The satisfaction of Saudi Arabian customers using telemedicine services was assessed in a cross-sectional survey. Customers of the 940 medical contact centre and the Sehha app, two telemedicine services, were surveyed using a rigorous random selection technique. Two hundred and fifty users of the 940 medical contact centre and the Sehha app were selected at random to fill out a pre-designed survey about their level of satisfaction with various aspects of the two health services. Out of 250 people who used telemedicine services, 83.14 percent were happy with the care they received overall, while 8.03 percent were unhappy.  These days, telemedicine apps are employed by a lot of wealthy nations and even some underdeveloped ones to help provide healthcare to people faster for all sorts of medical issues. In Saudi Arabia, telemedicine services generally had good satisfaction ratings, with no discernible variation in ratings between the 940 medical contact centre and the Sehha app. Customers who used telemedicine services were generally pleased and were even willing to recommend them to others.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Principles, Applications, and Clinical Utility
Authors: Ahmed Abdullah Abdulaziz AL Rabah  , Meshari Ali Binmhusien  , Meshari Hamad Alotaibi  , Basil Ali Almalki
Published: September 2024

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has become a cornerstone in diagnostic medicine, offering high-resolution images of soft tissues without the use of ionizing radiation. This paper reviews the principles of MRI, its applications across various medical fields, and discusses its clinical utility. We present data comparing MRI with other imaging modalities, analyze patient outcomes, and consider recent advancements in MRI technology.
Exploring Identity and Social Dynamics in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Americanah
Authors: Prof. Ajay Kumar Shukla  , Priyanka Mishra
Published: September 2024

Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's novel Americanah intricately weaves a narrative tapestry exploring themes of identity, race, and belonging. Through the protagonist, Ifemelu's journey from Nigeria to the United States and back, the novel provides profound insights into the complexities of identity formation in a globalized world. This research paper delves into Adichie's exploration of identity construction, particularly focusing on how societal structures, cultural contexts, and personal experiences shape individuals' understanding of themselves and their place in the world. By analyzing key characters, narrative techniques, and socio-political contexts, this paper aims to unravel the multifaceted layers of identity portrayed in the novel and its implications for contemporary discussions on race, immigration, and social dynamics.
Reimagining Healthcare Service Quality, Safety, and Equity: A Comparative Study of Public Health Centers and Military Hospitals
Authors: Abdullah Nemr Abdullah Alkhaldi  , Turki Saud Alzahrani  , Meshari Khalefah Alonazi  , Muhaned Al Mohaidly
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the dimensions of healthcare service quality, safety, and equity across different healthcare settings, specifically comparing public health centers and military hospitals. By employing a mixed-methods approach that includes qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys, the study aims to identify the unique challenges and strengths of each type of institution. The findings underscore the importance of tailored strategies to improve healthcare delivery in diverse settings, highlighting best practices that can be universally applied to enhance patient outcomes.
Impact of Environmental Laws Pertaining to Pollution Problems in Pharma and Chemical Sectors in India
Authors: Renuka  , Dr. Balasaheb Garje
Published: September 2024

Medical waste is regarded as a hazardous waste of a specific kind because of its high toxicity, presence of radioactive and toxic compounds, and propensity to cause sickness. The degree to which bacteria and viruses are present in medical waste, the dosage and type of exposure, and the degree to which the body is resistant to these pathogens Trash from isolation rooms for patients with infectious disorders, bacterial, infectious, and biological agent residues, waste from sterilization and disinfection, blood, serums, and plasma, and pharmaceutical residues are all considered to be medical waste. This manual offers suggestions for reducing trash creation through source reduction and recycling as well as an explanation of the processes that produce waste in hospitals. Hospitals will benefit by restricting the age of these materials at the source or reusing the wastes on or off site in light of the fact that doing so will limit removal expenses and liabilities connected with discarding hazardous waste. Compared to industrial facilities, general medical and surgical hospitals produce less hazardous wastes overall, although they do so in a number of different forms. Pharmaceuticals were formerly believed to enter the environment largely through usage or improper disposal. It was discovered that some production facilities were the sources of substantially higher ambient concentrations than those brought on by drug use. For both authorities and the pharmaceutical industry, the widespread discovery of waste medicines in environmental samples and the dangers posed by their introduction into wildlife habitats are key issues. Pharmaceutical firms should understand that reducing drug use and environmental damage is in their own best interests because doing so will prevent the emergence of drug resistance, which will prolong the shelf life of their medications. Changes in public and worldwide regulations, the reception of reasonable environmental principles inside current business standards, and requests from medical care suppliers and patients are likely impetuses for activity. Yet, clients can't pursue taught decisions because of the shortage of data about the wellspring of drugs and the impacts of creation on the climate. We suggest that one of several crucial strategies for lowering pollution from medicine manufacture would be improved transparency throughout the entire production chain.
Analysis of Multiple Marketing Strategies and their management in food and beverages brands in India
Authors: Lucky Mehta  , Dr. Reenu Shukla
Published: September 2024

Over the years, the changing purchasing habits of Indian consumers have seen a tremendous transition. A better state of the economy, exposure to international media, travel abroad, the degree of urbanisation, educational attainment, and the introduction of new employment prospects in the service sector, such as in information technology. Some of the drivers include call centres and shopping that affects consumer habits. Due to economic changes implemented two decades ago, the middle class has grown significantly. In India, altering spending habits are occurring as disposable income rises. For international beverage manufacturers, India's beverage industry is a significant market. The food sector in India is extremely profitable thanks to rising standards of living and population expansion. Indian society's traditional economic environment was different from its current environment. The majority of Indian consumers gave home-cooked cuisine a strong preference. Contrarily, the current practise of eating out is quickly altering Indian society's perspective. Due to the fast-paced modern lifestyle, hectic schedules, competition, rise in the number of working women, nuclear family concept, etc., many fast-food franchises have now established themselves in India.
Feature Selection and Dimensionality Reduction for Large Data set Clustering using Self-Organizing Maps
Authors: Sharma Gyan Chand , Dr. Mohit Gupta
Published: September 2024

Data mining is a form of analyzing the data which relates the newline techniques from fields like statistics machine learning databases artificial newline intelligence etc Clustering is one of the most important data mining newline techniques in which cluster of objects are grouped based on their similarity newline "Clustering is the process of accumulating the data records into considerable newline subclasses clusters in a way which enhances the relationship within clusters newline and reduces the similarity among two different clusters. The activity occurs every new academic year and schools with plenty of new students registered may feel a bit overwhelmed with this grouping assignment. A decision support system which can automatically perform grouping on a list of students may be able to help the school’s staffs with this repetitive task. A self-organizing map (SOM) is an example of unsupervised learning algorithm using an artificial neural network structure to produce a low dimensional representation from a given input.
A Study of the Saudi Arabian Emergency Medical Services' performance in both rural and urban locations is influenced by organisational factors
Authors: Rakan Hassan Alenazi  , Maha Abdulmohsen Alanazi  , Saeed Mohammed Alnasim  , Abdulelah Hulail Almalki  , Fahad Mohammed Almudara
Published: September 2024

Background: This study explores into the investigation of the impact of organisational elements on the performance of Saudi Arabian EMS in various contexts, including rural & urban areas. The current research aims to learn more about the organisational variables that may explain why EMS performance differs in urban or rural areas from the perspectives of frontline personnel. Method: Researchers in Saudi Arabia's Riyadh region carried out the study. Participants were required to have worked for the Saudi Red Crescent EMS for at least 5 years and be currently engaged in one of the following roles: technician, paramedic, or EMS station manager. The first participants who responded to the call for participation were interviewed using semi-structured interviews from October 2021 to July 2022. The process proceeded until all data is acquire. We will analyse the data using analysis methodology. Results: Forty people from the Saudi Red Crescent EMS are a part of the final sample (20 from rural areas and 20 from urban centres). The data analysis is reveal important organisational characteristics that caused EMS staff to face obstacles & hurdles.  There were also some similarities. Conclusion: Results showed that EMS performance is negatively affected in both urban & rural locations.
A Study on the Influence of Business Environment on Small Industries in Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Santosh Kr. Pandey  , Shiv Sagar Vishwakarma
Published: September 2024

Particularly in regions with diverse economic landscapes such as Uttar Pradesh, the business environment stands as a crucial determinant for the sustainability and success of small enterprises. The objective of this research is to investigate the impact of the legal framework, economic conditions, and socio-cultural factors on shaping the business environment in Uttar Pradesh, with a specific focus on small businesses. A comprehensive understanding of the intricate dynamics within Uttar Pradesh's small industry sector and the broader business climate is essential for policymakers, business owners, and stakeholders. This knowledge can empower them to implement targeted interventions and initiatives, fostering a conducive environment for small businesses in the area. The study delves into the role of the business environment in contributing to Uttar Pradesh's $5 trillion share in India's GDP. Various aspects, including political stability, market dynamics, global integration, human capital, infrastructure development, regulatory adjustments, and environmental sustainability, are examined to elucidate their significance in cultivating a favourable business climate.
उच्च शिक्षा के छात्रों में डिजिटल मीडिया के उपयोग का मूल्यांकन: टेलीविजन एवं वेब मीडिया के बीच एक तुलनात्मक अध्ययन
Authors: अभिषेक यादव  , डॉ. आशुतोष वर्मा
Published: September 2024

- व्यक्तियों में डिजिटल मीडिया के प्रति आकर्षण अत्यंत गहरा है विद्यार्थियों को विभिन्न स्थानों पर आते-जाते हुए डिजिटल मीडिया के विभिन्न माध्यमों को प्रयोग में लाया जा रहा विशेष तौर पर वीडियो गेम खेलने अथवा शो स्ट्रीम करते हुए देखा गया है। देश विदेश कि खबर पढ़ रहे है |  डिजिटल मीडिया को सरल शब्दों में परिभाषित करना अत्यंत ही कठिन है क्योंकि यह प्रौद्योगिकी में नवाचारों के साथ-साथ तेजी से विकसित हो रहा है। जैसे-जैसे हम भविष्य में आगे बढ़ेंगे, डिजिटल मीडिया का हमारा दैनिक उपयोग बढ़ेगा, विशेष रूप से होलोग्राफिक और कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता (एआई) प्रौद्योगिकियों के विकसित होने और हमारे दैनिक जीवन में शामिल होने के कारण। प्रस्तुत शोध कार्य हायर सेकेंडरी में अध्ययनरत विद्यार्थियों द्वारा डिजिटल मीडिया के बढ़ते उपयोग का उनके विभिन्न जनसांख्यिकीय के अनुसार मूल्यांकन करने के उद्देश्य से किया जा रहा है। जिसमे भोपाल शहर में शासकीय एवं गैर शासकीय विद्यालयों में अध्ययनरत विद्यार्थियों को सम्मिलित किया गया है।
Women Empowerment in India
Authors: Geeta
Published: September 2024

Women's empowerment is a contentious issue. Women enjoyed equal status and power to men throughout the earlier Stone Age period. However, during the post-Vedic and epic times, they began to have certain challenges. History demonstrates that women were frequently treated like slaves. The standing of women has been progressively shifting from the early 20th century (national movement), and the British people are to thank for this. It is only after the Independence of India, under the able leadership of Dr. Ambedkhar , the constitutional makers and national leaders started strongly demanding and also reiterating the equal social position of women with men.  it is good to learn that a few number of women have been able to establish their potentialities. Therefore, this paper suggests that each and every human being should be careful in taking steps to promote the statuses of women and respect their dignity
The New Education Policy 2020 has had a significant effect on higher education
Authors: Dr. Kamaljit Kaur
Published: September 2024

The Government of India proposed the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which was a surprising and timely step among the global difficulties caused by the COVID-19 epidemic. Educationists were taken aback by the unexpected scope and magnitude of the planned reforms in the NEP 2020. This research study examines the notable consequences of NEP 2020 on higher education, providing a comprehensive examination of its prominent characteristics and their influence on the current education system. This research primarily examines the impact of the policy on higher education, but it has also brought significant changes to school and college education. The NEP 2020 includes innovative modifications, including the reorganisation of the undergraduate programme, the encouragement of interdisciplinary education, and the incorporation of vocational training into higher education. Furthermore, the strategy places strong emphasis on the integration of technology into education, a change that has been expedited by the epidemic. This study intends to evaluate the possible impact of NEP 2020 on higher education in India by examining the proposed reforms. It will analyse how these reforms may bring about significant changes in the present system and identify any obstacles that may arise during their implementation. This research provides insights into the future of higher education in India by examining policy papers, current literature, and empirical data related to NEP 2020.
Perbedaan Teknik Relaksasi Pernafasan Dalam dengan Aromaterapi Lavender terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Tusukan Jarum Anestesi Spinal
Authors: Yustika Fatikhah Frida , Mardalena Ida , Endarwati Titik
Published: September 2024

Spinal anaesthetic needle prick pain is an unpleasant experience that results in losses from spinal anaesthesia, so it needs to be treated. Deep breathing relaxation techniques and lavender aromatherapy are effective non-pharmacological pain management methods. In addition to increasing comfort, reducing pain can also provide convenience and speed in the process of injecting spinal anesthetic needles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of deep breathing relaxation techniques and lavender aromatherapy on the pain intensity of spinal anaesthetic needle pricks at Kardinah Hospital, Tegal. This study employed a quasi-experiment research method, utilizing a two-group post-test design. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total of 72 respondents who were divided into groups of deep breathing relaxation techniques and lavender aromatherapy. Data analysis used the Mann-Whitney The results of the non-parametric statistical test with the Man Whitney test obtained p = 0.000 (p <0.05), so Ha was accepted, meaning that there was a difference in the pain intensity of spinal needle stick anesthesia given deep breathing relaxation techniques and lavender aromatherapy. rapy. The study concluded that there were differences in the pain intensity of spinal anaesthetic needle pricks at Kardinah Hospital, Tegal, between deep breathing relaxation techniques and lavender aromatherapy.
Environmental Dynamics in The Sumatran Coffee Landscapes: Opportunities and Challenges Through Spatial Perspectives
Authors: Fardinatri Intan Diani , Condro Aryo , Hayati Durrah , Anhar Ashabul
Published: September 2024

The coffee industry in Indonesia, particularly in the Sumatran landscape, emerges as a vital contributor to the nation's economy, impacting regional growth. Nevertheless, this landscape faces ecological threats from rapid deforestation, resulting in a substantial loss of primary forest cover. This historical deforestation along with climate crisis presents challenges for coffee plantations. The study employs geospatial analysis to comprehensively outline challenges and opportunities for smallholder coffee farmers in Sumatra, particularly in the Arabica (Central Aceh) and Robusta (Tanggamus) landscapes. The study shows non-shade coffee plantations covered approximately 23,453 ha in Central Aceh and 43,991 ha in Tanggamus. Additionally, mixed agroforestry areas were prevalent, comprising about 132,569 ha in Tanggamus and 19,450 ha in Central Aceh. Tanggamus and Central Aceh have become favorable areas for Robusta coffee and Arabica coffee, respectively. One significant opportunity identified for coffee development in Central Aceh is that 86% of existing coffee farms already adhere to EUDR. Furthermore, 94% of existing coffee farms in Tanggamus meet EUDR standards, opening doors for more farmers to access the European market.
The Effect of C-Organic Sediment and Litter Carbon Estimation on Fertility and Site Health in Lampung Mangrove Center
Authors: Syahiib A. Nizam , Safe'i Rahmat
Published: September 2024

Subsurface carbon storage reflects the fertility of mangrove sites. Site fertility has implications for site health. The aims of this study, among others, are to determine the content of C-organic sediments, determine the litter carbon content, and understand the effect of C-organic and litter carbon on on-site health (soil pH and CEC). The stages of research, among others, are sediment and litter sampling on the observation plot, analysis of sediment and litter samples in the laboratory, calculation of litter carbon by dry weight, and fertility analysis of site health using multiple linear regression analysis with a significant threshold of 95%. Based on the results of the study, the highest C-organic content was observed in cluster plot 3 (CL3); the highest increase in litter carbon was at CL2, and there was a significant effect between site fertility (C-organic) and site health (pH). The pH and carbon play a role in the mobility of compounds that form organic materials. Factors influencing on-site carbon health conditions include waste production, organic material, temperature, tree species, pollution, and climate. Sediment conditions affect sigh in organic matter and the health of the site. The results of this research can illustrate the fertility and health conditions of sites inmangrove forests, so regulations can be formulated to prevent damage to mangroves.
The Effectiveness of English as a Science Medium Instruction in Higher Education
Authors: Prayuda Meikardo Samuel , Purba Natalina , Gultom Candra Ronitua
Published: September 2024

This research presents a comprehensive analysis of English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) in higher education, drawing insights from seven studies involving 150 students. The investigation delves into various factors such as academic proficiency, TOEFL scores, and gender distribution. Findings reveal a clustering of TOEFL scores around the midpoint of the range, suggesting a normal distribution. However, gender distribution exhibits significant deviations from normalcy. Despite these variations, detailed statistical analyses offer valuable insights into student performance within EMI programs. Moving beyond data analysis, a systematic review explores the impact and effective practices of EMI in higher education. It acknowledges the ongoing debate regarding EMI's influence on language proficiency and academic achievement. While some studies suggest positive outcomes, others highlight challenges and discrepancies, emphasizing the complexity of evaluating EMI's success. The review underscores the importance of examining diverse linguistic and non-linguistic factors and calls for further research to inform instructional strategies. Furthermore, the study identifies effective practices in EMI implementation, emphasizing instructional techniques, curriculum design, language support services, assessment procedures, faculty development, and reflective practice. These approaches aim to create inclusive learning environments conducive to language acquisition, subject matter learning, and student success. Additionally, the review proposes solutions to address challenges and promote inclusivity in EMI contexts, including cultural orientation programs, academic assistance, institutional regulations, social justice initiatives, intercultural competencies, and student-centered teaching approaches. This holistic approach seeks to enhance the long-term success and well-being of students within the EMI framework in higher education.
UM ESTUDO HISTÓRICO DO SABER ÁREA À LUZ DA TAD
Authors: Moura Almir Pereira de , Santos Marilene Rosa dos
Published: September 2024

O texto apresenta, sob a ótica da Teoria Antropológica do Didático, a estrutura do saber área de superfícies planas presentes nas práticas matemáticas executadas pelo homem em diferentes períodos e co