bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The policy of the Austrian Republic concerning the constant neutrality (1945-1955)
Authors: Papenko Natalia , Papenko Yevgen
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the exploration of the constant neutrality status of the Second Austrian republic, to its political and legal research, its effectiveness as an instrument of the foreign policy of the state.

The problem of the Austrian constant neutrality status is the post-war system of international relations was and is one of the main issues of Austrian internal and foreign policy, as long as it was directly connected with the discontinuance of occupation by the states of anti-Hitler coalition. Status of constant neutrality had to become a pledge of the existence of Austria as an independent and flourishing state, one of the elements of the peace, security and stability in Europe.
INTERNATIONAL TOURISTS’ CONSUMPTION PATTERN AND LEVEL OF OBJECTIVE KNOWLEDGE ON MALAYSIAN HERITAGE FOOD (MHF) WHILE ON VACATION
Authors: OMAR SITI RADHIAH , OMAR SITI NAZIRAH
Published: April 2019

Food consumption in tourism destination is vital in ensuring the national economic growth. With regards to this issue, this study aimed to describe the international tourists’ consumption pattern while on vacation in Malaysia. Secondly, to examine the level of international tourists’ objective knowledge (OK) between gender. Findings revealed that Malay food had been highly purchased and consumed followed by Indian and Chinese Food. Besides, local restaurant was reported to be the most demanded place for purchasing MHF. When comparing the level of OK, there was no significant different between male and female international tourists. This study carries a strong aspire to enrich the food tourism body of knowledge by outlining substantive recommendations on marketing strategies specifically for food providers towards Malaysian Heritage Food consumption in tourism.
Yapraktan Farklı Gübre Uygulamalarının Karnabahar (Brassica Oleracea L.) Gelişimi Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: KAPTAN Mustafa Ali , SARI Huriye
Published: April 2019

Mikro
besin elementlerinin uygulanmasında, ihtiyacın belirlenmesi ve uygulama
zamanının yanı sıra uygulanacak gübrelerin formu da önem taşımaktadır. Bu
çalışma ile benzer konsantrasyonlarda şelatlı ve şelatsız Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn içeren
ticari yaprak gübrelerinin karnabahar bitkisinin bazı verimlilik unsurları
üzerine olası etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Deneme konusu olarak iki
inorganik (şelatsız) ve iki organik (şelatlı) olmak üzere dört farklı yaprak
gübresi seçilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, tüm yapraktan gübre
uygulamaları kontrole göre incelenen özellikleri olumlu anlamda etkilediği
belirlenmiştir. Değişik şelatlayıcı maddelerin etkisinin farklı olduğu
gözlenmiştir. Bitkisel kökenli “Fenolik asit/Lignin Polikarboksilat” ile
şelatlanmış “Fert-iz Combi” ticari isimli gübre uygulaması tüm bitkiler
içerisinde iz elementlerin miktarları açısından en iyi sonuçları verdiği tespit
edilmiştir. Kuru ağırlık bakımından ise en iyi sonuç “Macro Combi” ticari
isimli şelatsız gübre uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler
sonucunda, yapraktan mikro besin elementlerinin uygulanmasında verilen gübrenin
şelatlı olup olmaması, karnabahar bitkisinin ihtiyaç duyduğu mikro besin
elementlerinin noksanlık şiddetine bağlı olduğu söylenebilir.
Artan Dozdaki Biyokömür ve Solucan Gübresi Uygulamalarının Buğdayda ve Toprakta Besin Elementi İçeriği Üzerine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: SÖNMEZ Ferit , ÇIĞ Fatih
Published: April 2019

Yapılan analizler sonucunda kök üstü organ, kök ve toprak örneklerinin
besin elementi içeriği üzerine biyokömür ve solucan gübresi uygulamaları
kontrole göre belirgin değişimlere neden olmuşlardır. Kontrol grubu bitkilerine
göre bitki organlarında ve toprak besin elementi içeriklerinde en belirgin
değişimler daha çok solucan gübresinin %5 (K ve Ca elementlerinde) ve %20 (Mg,
Na, Fe, Mn, Zn ve Cu elementlerinde) uygulama dozlarında belirlenmiştir.
Biyokömürün %20 uygulama dozunda solucan gübresi kadar artış sağladığı
görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak biyokömür iyi bir toprak düzenleyici ve organik gübre
kaynağı olarak kullanılabilir. Deneme Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal
Üniversitesi, Ziraat ve Doğa Bilimleri Fakültesine ait iklim odasında
yapılmıştır. Çalışmada artan dozlarda biyokömür ve solucan gübresi (%0, %5, %10
ve %20) kullanılmıştır. Deneme dört tekerrürlü ve tesadüf parselleri deneme
desenine göre kurulmuştur. Deneme sonunda kök üstü organ, kök ve toprak
örneklerinde potasyum, kalsiyum, magnezyum, sodyum, demir, mangan, çinko ve
bakır element analizleri yapılmıştır.
Kentsel Mekânlarda Kullanılan “Elaeagnus angustifolia L.” nin Yaprak Örneklerinde Ağır Metal Birikimi: Erzurum Örneği
Authors: ZENGİN Murat , YILDIZ Nesrin
Published: April 2019

Bu çalışmada, Erzurum
kentinde yayılış gösteren Elaeagnus
angustifolia L. bitkisinin yaprak örnekleri kullanılarak kent mekânında
ağır metallerin (Pb, Cd, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn ) yoğunlukları tespit edilmiştir.
Bu elementlerin kent dokusundaki mekânsal dağılımlarına yönelik sayısal
haritalar üretilerek değerlendirmeler yapılmış, elde edilen bilgilerin ışığında
Elaeagnus angustifolia L. bitkisinin
elementler bazında biyomonitör olarak kullanılıp kullanılamayacağı
değerlendirilerek bazı öneriler geliştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda kent genelinde
özellikle trafik yoğunluğunun fazla olduğu ana ulaşım yolları, orta refüjler ve
yola yakın olan (0-20 m.) alanlarda, kent dokusunu temsil eden 4 istasyonda
yaprak örnekleri toplanmıştır. Ölçüm değerlerinin istatistiksel farklılıkları ANOVA
testi ile belirlenmiştir. Sonuçta, Elaeagnus
angustifolia L.’nin yapraklarında biriken ağır metal elementlerinin mekânsal
dağılımında Fe (100-275 ppm) ve Zn (37.5-82.5 ppm) Şehir merkezinde, Pb
(0.16-12.66 ppm), Ni (4.29-13.21 ppm) ve Mn (244.5-278.7 ppm) Yenişehir/Yıldızkent’de,
Cd (0.05-0.62 ppm) ve Cu (9.9-47,6 ppm) Dadaşkent’de en yoğun dağılıma sahip
olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu ve Zn elementleri için Elaeagnus angustifolia L. bitkisinin iyi
bir biyomonitör olabileceği tespit edilmiştir.
Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease and the Associated Risk Factors in the Adult Population of Borujerd City, Iran
Authors: Maleki Ali , Ghanavati Reza , Montazeri Mahdi , Forughi Saeid , Nabatchi Behjat
Published: April 2019

Background: Cardiovascular events are the leading cause of mortality and are highly associated with lifestyle. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its major risk factors in the western Iranian city of Borujerd.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 801 subjects older than 35 years of age, recruited via cluster sampling in Borujerd. The diagnosis of CAD was based on the positive results of Rose Angina Questionnaire, Minnesota coding, or prior history of CAD. Then, the risk factors were measured by biochemistry and relevant laboratory examinations, or data extraction from the subjects’ history.
Results: The study sample consisted of 412 men and 389 women at a mean age of 54.82±12.11 years. The prevalence of risk factors including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, and obesity was 38.2%, 17.4%, 64%, 23.2%, and 22.8%, respectively. Based on the criteria, 19.1% and 31.7% of the CAD cases were definite and probable, respectively. Furthermore, 12.5% had definite signs and symptoms of CAD, and 5.4% had positive Rose Angina Questionnaire outcomes.
Conclusion: The current study demonstrated the distribution of CAD in the Iranian city of Borujerd and it was demonstrated that obesity and smoking are the most common risk factors, respectively.
Bundle Branch Blocks and Fragmented QRS Complex in Iranian Patients with Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Javinani Ali , Javady Nejad Zahra , Gharibdoost Farhad , Reza Jamshidi Ahmad , Yekta Reza Atef , Alvand Saba , Imeni Vahide , Hashemi Seyed Naser , Kavosi Hoda
Published: April 2019

Background: Cardiac involvement, as one of the life-threatening manifestations of systemic sclerosis (SSc), is chiefly caused by collagen fiber deposition in the myocardium, which subsequently leads to conduction abnormalities. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of bundle branch blocks (BBBs) and the fragmented QRS complex (fQRS) in Iranian patients with SSc.
Methods: Forty-one patients with SSc were enrolled from the outpatient SSc clinic of Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, between October 2016 and February 2017. Twelve-lead ECG was obtained and interpreted for BBBs and the fQRS. To adjust for the confounding effects of non–SSc-related cardiovascular risk factors, we calculated the Framingham risk score to estimate the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The associations between the studied conduction abnormalities and SSc cutaneous subtypes; disease duration; and the Medsger SSc severity scale of cutaneous, pulmonary, and vascular involvements were also analyzed.
Results: The study population consisted of 41 Iranian patients with SSc at a mean age of 47.48±11.57 years (82.9% female). The prevalence of BBBs and the fQRS was 26.8% and 36.6%, respectively. The fQRS was associated with the limited cutaneous SSc subtype (OR: 0.100, 95%CI: 0.018–0.553, and P=0.028). BBBs and the fQRS were not associated with either the Framingham risk score or the rest of the clinicodemographic variables.
Conclusion:  BBBs and the fQRS were more prevalent in our patients with SSc, without any association with the involvement of the other organs. These findings may suggest the independent pathophysiology of cardiac involvement in SSc.
Percutaneous Transluminal Mitral Commissurotomy in Pregnant Women with Severe Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Firouzi Ata , Samiei Niloufar , Ahmadi Somayyeh , Naderi Nasim , Sadeghipour Parham , Sanati Hamid Reza , Kashfi Fahimeh , Sattarzadeh Roya , Hantoushzadeh Sedigheh , Bayat Maryam , Pourtaghi Sanaz , Nasiri Mohsen
Published: April 2019

Background: Mitral stenosis tends to worsen during pregnancy because of the increase in the cardiac output and the heart rate. In nonresponders to medical therapy, percutaneous transluminal mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) may be performed when there is a suitable valvular anatomy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with mitral stenosis who underwent PTMC.
Methods: Thirty-one patients undergoing PTMC during pregnancy were enrolled in this study. The mitral valve area (MVA), the transmitral valve mean gradient (MVMG), and the severity of mitral regurgitation were assessed pre- and postprocedurally by transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography. The radiation time was measured during the procedure. The patients were followed up during pregnancy, and the neonates were monitored for weight, height, the head circumference, the birth Apgar score, and the adverse effects of radiation for at least 12 months.
Results: PTMC was successfully performed on 29 (93.5%) patients. No maternal death or pulmonary edema was reported. The mean MVA significantly increased (from 0.73±0.17 cm2 to 1.28±0.24 cm2; P<0.001), and the mean MVMG significantly decreased (from 19.62±5.91 mmHg to 8.90±4.73 mmHg; P<0.001) after the procedure. A significant decrease in the systolic pulmonary artery pressure was also detected. Mitral regurgitation did not increase in severity in 16 (51.6%) patients. There was no significant relationship between the Apgar score, weight, height, and the head circumference at birth and at the radiation time.
Conclusion:  In our series, PTMC during pregnancy was a safe and effective procedure. Lowering the radiation time with low frame-count techniques confers a significant decrease in radiation-related complications.
A Rare Case of Cardiogenic Shock following Severe Multivessel Coronary Vasospasm
Authors: Rahmani Reza , Zand Parsa Amirfarhangh , Sherafati Alborz , Kosari Rouzbeh , Mohhamadi Vahid , Mohhamadi Rizan
Published: April 2019

Prinzmetal’s angina occurs following spasms in a single or multiple vascular beds, resulting in a typical chest pain and an ST-segment elevation in electrocardiography (ECG). It can lead to life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. We describe a 37-year-old woman who was admitted with a typical chest pain and hypotension. Her initial ECG showed an ST-segment elevation in the inferior and precordial leads. She was transferred to the catheterization unit, where coronary angiography illustrated multivessel spasms. The spasms were relieved with a nitroglycerin injection. She was discharged with stable hemodynamics 7 days later, and at 1 month’s follow-up, no recurrent attack was detected.
Resistant Ventricular Tachycardia due to Idiopathic Left Ventricular Aneurysm: Successful Treatment with Surgery
Authors: Keskin Muhammed , Çınar Tufan , Hayıroğlu Mert İlker , Kozan Ömer
Published: April 2019

Left ventricular aneurysms (LVAs) are characterized by a wide connection to the left ventricle and paradoxical systolic motions. Although patients with LVAs are usually asymptomatic, some may present with arrhythmias, heart failure, and even cardiac arrest. In this case report, we describe a 62-year-old male patient who presented to our emergency service with complaints of palpitation and shortness of breath of 2 hours’ duration. His blood pressure was 84/56 mm Hg, and he was in a confused state. An electrocardiogram revealed ventricular tachycardia (VT) with right bundle branch block and a ventricular rate of 188 bpm. The patient’s hemodynamic instability necessitated a direct current cardioversion, which restored the sinus rhythm. During the in-hospital course, he had numerous recurrent VT episodes despite treatment with intravenous amiodarone and magnesium sulfate as well as radiofrequency ablation. Upon consensus with a cardiovascular surgeon’s team, urgent surgery was performed due to the resistant VT episodes. The patient’s clinical course was uneventful, and he was discharged on the 11th postoperative day. We have been following up the patient for almost 1 year, during which he has not experienced palpitations or associated symptoms. Our case indicates that surgery may be a preferable treatment option for patients with heart failure and resistant VT related to LVAs.
Coil Embolization of an Iatrogenic Arteriovenous Fistula between the Superior Mesenteric Artery and Vein: A Case Report
Authors: Farshidmehr Pezhman , Zafarghandi Mohammad Reza , Sadat Alimohammad , Sayarifard Azadeh
Published: April 2019

Superior mesenteric arteriovenous fistulae are rare. A 32-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain. The angiography showed that the superior mesenteric vein was aneurysmal. The patient underwent coil embolization, during which a balloon catheter was inflated before the fistula for the protection of coil migration with a high blood flow. After the balloon inflation, one 8-mm and two 7-mm coils were deployed at the fistula site. The final angiography showed successful embolization with no visualization of the fistula and the aneurysmal vein
Unusual Compression of the Left Internal Mammary Artery Associated with Left Arm Hyperabduction
Authors: Akcay Murat
Published: April 2019

The abstract not available.
Three-Dimensional Echocardiography for the Evaluation of the Left Ventricular Outflow Tract in a Patient with a History of Mitral Valve Replacement
Authors: Khoshnevis Maryam , Hosseinsabet Ali
Published: April 2019

The abstract not available.
A comparison of arrived dose to the heart in the treatment of breast cancer in different modes of proton radiation by proton therapy using Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Javidi Hassan , Ahmadi Ganjeh Zahra
Published: April 2019

Introdution: Today, the Advantages of radiation therapy by charged particles is indicated for the treatment of cancerous. During the passing of proton beam in the body tissues, secondary particles produce, which penetrate to the body healthy tissues and cause damage. The aim of this research was calculating the Spread out Bragg Peak for covering the breast cancer and investigating arrived dose to the different parts of the heart during the treatment process.
Methods: In this simulation study, a spherical tumor with a diameter of 1 cm considered in right breast tissue in MIRD phantom and then irradiated by proton of right and front sides of the body. Simulations are performed using the MCNPX code.
Results: The Spread out Brag Peak calculated to cover the breast cancer in two cases of radiation. In the radiation of front and right, the deposited Dose due to The Proton Particle in tumor are 4.25 nGy and 4.12 nGy, respectively. The dose due to the protons and secondary particles in different parts of the heart calculated and compared for two modes of radiation. Energy Ranges of neutrons was about 55 MeV and for electrons and photons was less than 20 MeV. Although, the dose due to the secondary particles was very low in comparison of protons dose.
Conclusion: In proton therapy, a large portion of the dose is evacuated in the tumor. Proton radiation of the front in comparison of the right leads to the more dose deposit in the tumor and heart.
Formulation of a therapeutic cationic liposome-siRNA complex for development to fight osteosarcoma
Authors: Haghiralsadat Bibi Fatemeh , Amoabediny Ghasem , Naderinezhad Samira , Morteza-Ratki Farzane , Zandieh Doulabi Behrouz
Published: April 2019

Introdution: Cationic liposomes have been presented for gene delivery as an alternative vector instead of viral vectors. A major challenge associated with siRNA delivery is the instability of liposomes, which is still a serious problem. The aim of this study was to provide an appropriate formulation to overcome this instability.
Methods: In the present study (Scientific-Fundamental, Experimental-Laboratory Study), liposomal formulation containing soy phosphatidylcholine, cationic DOTAP, cholesterol and polyethylene glycole was synthesized by thin-film hydration method and the siRNA were loaded on liposomes through incubation. In the following; the optimization of siRNA loading was on the agenda. Then the parameters related to size, zeta potential, polydispersity index and lon-term stability of siRNA-liposomes complex were reported. The Data were analyzed by GraphPad Prism version 7 Software. All data were repeated three times and reported as mean±standard deviation.
Results: In this study we were able to produce siRNA lipoplex with high loading efficiency of siRNA. The produced nanoparticles did not agglomerate and were stable at 4 oC for 3 months. This nanosystem could successfully deliver siRNA to normal bone cells. Studies have shown that the blank system (no gene) had no toxicity.
Conclusion: The prepared PEGylated liposomes have a great potential for delivery of siRNA to bone cells.
Antibacterial and anticancer activities of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using Artemisia khorassanica extract: Bax and Bcl2 apoptosis gene expression analysis
Authors: Rashidian Shila , Bagheri Keshtali Aliasghar , Mirzaie Amir
Published: April 2019

Introdution: Recently, the biosynthesis of nanoparticles and the use of medicinal plants for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has attracted researchers due to its low cost and eco-friendly characteristics. The aim of this study was to synthesis of AgNPs using Artemisia khorassanica and analysis of its antibacterial and anti-cancer activities.
Methods: In this experimental study, ethanolic extract of A. khorassanica was prepared and AgNPs was synthesized. Subsequently, Antibacterial and anti-cancer activities of AgNPs on lung cancer cell line were assessed using microdilution and MTT methods, respectively. Finally, the Bax and Bcl2 apoptotic gene expression was analyzed via Real Time PCR.
Results: The result of antibacterial activity showed that the AgNPs had a significant effect on gram negative bacteria. In addition to, AgNPs in 100 µg/mL had significant cytotoxic effect to lung cancer cell line. The statistical analysis of Real Time PCR results by one-way ANOVA test indicated that the Bax and Bcl2 gene expression were 3.03±0.67 (P<0.001) up-regulated and 0.38±0.15 (P<0.001) down-regulated, respectively.
Conclusion: The results show that the biosynthesis of AgNPs using A. khorassanica extract is low-cost and simple and due to its antibacterial and anticancer activities can be used as drug candidate.
Effects of L-Carnitine on follicular reserve and Caspase-3 in transplanted mouse ovarian tissue
Authors: Shahi Sadrabadi Fatemeh , Parivar Kazem , Imani Hussein , Shahverdi Abdolhussein
Published: April 2019

Introdution: One of the major challengs in ovarian tissue transplantation is overcomeing ischemia/ reperfusion injuries. During ischemia–reperfusion processes, oxygen free radicals constitute the most important component that induces damage of the grafted tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of L-Carnitine (LC) as an antioxidant on heterotopic transplantation of mouse ovarian tissue.
Methods: In this laboratory experimental study, 5- week old female NMRI mice were divided into four groups: control, transplanted without administration (autograft), sham group (autograft+ saline) and LC group (autograft+ L- carnitine). Left ovarian tissues were transplanted into the Gluteal muscle for 3 weeks. After this time, ovarian tissues from all groups were removed and fixed in formalin for histological studies. Furthermore, rate of Caspase- 3 was assessed by immunohistochemistry test. Lipid peroxidation was assessed by measuring  malondialdehyde (MDA). One-way ANOVA and Tudey test was used to analyze the data using the spss 16 software. Significance was defined as P≤0.0.
Results: The study results indicated that total follicular count in transplantedwithout administration and sham groups was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the control and LC groups. In addition, the rate of caspase-3 was decreased in the LC group, but no significant difference existed between all groups (p<0.05). A significant reduction in the concentration of MDA was observed in the LC group than that in the other transplanted groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: In this study, LC could improve the ovarian reserve to some extent, but its effect was not significant.
Comparing the effect of high intensity interval training and continuous training on BDNF, GDNF and NGF in hippocampus of C57BL/6 male mice
Authors: Naghibzadeh Maryam , Ranjbar Rouhollah , Tabandeh Mohammad , Habibi Abdolhamid
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Identifying the factors that influence on the uptake of Neurotrophins is an important goal for brain's health and function. There is some evidence that long-term exercise improves brain function. However, the effects of exercise intensities on the brain remain is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high intensity interval (HIIT) and continuous training (CT) on neurotrophic factors gene expression in hippocampus of C57BL/6 mice.
Methods: 30 C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the following three groups: control (Con), interval training (IT), and continuous training (CT). The mice in the exercise group Were trained to run on the treadmill 5 sessions for 8 weeks. HIIT group performed protocol at 85-90% of maximal work rate for periods of 2 min alternating with 1 min intervals at 50-60% of maximal work rate. CT group performed a continuous exercise protocol at 70-75% of maximal work rate. The expression of BDNF, GDNF, and NGF genes was measured using the Real Time-PCR method in the hippocampus. For statistical analysis of the data was used from SPSS version 16 and the one-way ANOVA method.
Results: The result showed that HIIT program significantly increased the mRNA levels of BDNF and GDNF in comparison with CT (p<0.05), and mRNA level of NGF significantly increased in both groups while no significant differences were observed in NGF concentrations among the HIIT and CT groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Our results showed that HIIT had a more neuroprotective effect by improving the expression of the neurotrophin genes compared to the LICT in the hippocampus.
Evaluation of preserving the viability of sheep's teeth PDL cells according to the different times and storage medias
Authors: Navabazam Alireza , Ghanean Sina , Amirzade Iranaq Mohammad Hosein , Ghasempoor Hosein
Published: April 2019

Introdution: Vitality of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells is very critical for replantation of complete avulsion teeth due to traumatic injuries. This is important for transferring an avulsed tooth to clinic for replantation that which Medias used for storage.This study aimed to compare the vitality of PDL cells of sheep teeth cultured in different storage medias including α-Minimum Essential Medium (αMEM), Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), and mint extract
Methods: In this lab trial study, PDL cells were obtained from 124 healthy anterior and posterior sheep teeth and cultured in αMEM, DMEM, HBSS, and mint extract for periods of  2, 6, 24, 48, 72, or 96 hours (24 groups). For each solution, positive control group were PDL cells without incubation in any storage media. For each group, there was a negative control considered cells growing in dry plate with no medium. After exposure of PDL cells to scheduled solution for scheduled incubation time, centrifuge was performed for 10 minutes at rate of 2000G. Then cell percipitates were added into the solution of collagenase (3mgr/ml) and Dispase (4mgr/ml to cell precipitates, which were incubated at 37° C for 60 minutes. After washing cellular suspension in PBS, vitality of the cells was assessed by Trypan blue exclusion, on a neobar slide by magnification of 200X. The data were analyzed statistically using 2-way ANOVA test by SPSS version 15.
Results: Statistically significant differences in efficacy of different medias were obtained at least between two media (P=0.0001). PDL cells cultured in αMEM and mint extract showed 90% and 52.22% vitality representing, respectively, the best and the weakest storage media.
Conclusion: αMEM can be a suitable transport medium up to 96 hours to preserve the vitality of the PDL cells of avulsed teeth. There is a reverse correlation between the viability of PDL cells and incubation time, increasing the time decreases the viability.
Future Study of Iran's Elderly Sports Using Cross-Impact Matrix
Authors: Jorkesh Sara , Nazari Rasool
Published: April 2019

Introdution An increase in the population of elderly people in Iran in the future is an inevitable and significant process that should be examined from a variety of dimensions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the future study of Iran's elderly sports using cross-impact matrix.
Methods: In this research cross impact analysis approach has been used as one of the future study methods. Initial variables of research was gathered using half-interviews with participants scholars and specialists in sport sciences, psychologists, social workers, sociologists, nurses, the managers of sanity offices, the Welfare Organization and the social council of municipality. Data validation criteria recommended by Lincoln & Guba was confirmed and then analyzed using Micmac software.
Results: Results from using cross impact analysis approach suggested that the six key factors, namely, attention to the elderly, the creation of special organs for the elderly, the allocation of funds, the modeling of other countries, the design of long-term programs and the establishment of process-oriented strategies werethe most important factors for the future of elderly sports in Iran that should be considered in planning.
Conclusion: The researcher has tried to analyze Iran's futur study of elderly sports. The results and findings of the research process and the proposed strategic recommendations can provide an appropriate setting for policymaking and designing strategies and policies for strategic managers in the elderly sports sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY BASED ON ROLE PLAY METHOD TO IMPROVE SOCIAL SKILLS FOR PRE-SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN OF STREET
Authors: Tarnoto Nissa , Tentama Fatwa , Pranungsari Dessy
Published: April 2019

Purpose: This research aims at identifying the influence of Role Play method in increasing the social skill of pre-school aged street children. The experimental design used is one group pre-test post-test design.

Methodology: The method of collecting the data uses observation using check list as the primary data and uses an interview to get secondary data. The subject of the research involves five children with the characteristics of living in Yogyakarta, pre-school aged street children of 3.5-6 years old, and children of the young street mother.

Result: The research result shows there is a significant difference in their social skill between before the training (pretest) and after the training (post-test). The means of social skill score is higher after the training than before the training using Role Play method.

Implications: Wilcoxon non-parametric statistical analysis is used to analyze the data. Each subject is analyzed qualitatively to know their social skill difference between before and after the training using a Role Play method.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION TO IMPROVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP INTENTION
Authors: Tentama Fatwa , Asti Mulasari Surahma , . Subardjo , Widiasari Santi
Published: April 2019

Purpose: This research aims at finding out the effect of entrepreneurship education on people’s entrepreneurship intention.

Methodology: The subject of the research includes 18 persons of Wedomartani village, Sleman regency, Yogyakarta with the characteristics of having no jobs, having been married, and male or female incapable of handling waste for entrepreneurship. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The data analysis technique uses a Wilcoxon test.

Results: The result of the analysis is Z = -2.102 and p = 0.018 (1-tailed), with p<0.05, which means there is a significant difference between the people's entrepreneurship intention before and after entrepreneurship education. So entrepreneurship education is effective in improving the people's entrepreneurship intention.

Implications: People’s intention to convert waste into marketable goods is still low so that the waste spoils the environment. Therefore, entrepreneurship education is needed to rouse their intention in doing it.
THE PATH OF PSYCHOSPIRITUAL INTERVENTION FOR SELF HEALING: THE MULTI RELIGION PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Nur Anganthi Nisa Rachmah , Uyun Zahrotul
Published: April 2019

Purpose: The research of spiritual-religion diversity based on culture shows that psychological health gets through worship, faith, and knowledge. The letter aims to find of self-healing method based on psycho-spiritual doctrine in the Indonesian culture.

Methodology: The method of descriptive-qualitative is used to explore five informants who participate in every religion including Islam, Christian, Catholic, Hindu, and Buddha. The selection of informants based on certain criteria that they must have functional and structural of comprehensive spiritual-religious doctrine on the private higher education institution based on religion in Yogyakarta and Center Java. Besides, the informants are lecturer, man, and at least thirty years of age. Information gathering makes use of documentation, deep interview, and questionnaire method. Data analysis uses content analysis that has abstracted from finding of verbatim themes.

Results: The result describes that each adherence of religion is convinced about all of the doctrine from their holy book. They convince that the doctrine has a solution for the psychological problem of human being, but the procedure and method are unique and specific, that is to become the identity of each religion. Healing level of the psychological problem depends on their worship, faith, and knowledge.

Implications: The conclusion is that psycho-spiritual method based on religion can be able to increase the psychological health of adherence through self-healing. The research implication shows that they need to sustainable examination for the implementation of each method for adherence.
ENTREPRENEURIAL INATTENTIVENESS, RELATIONAL CAPABILITIES AND VALUE CO-CREATION TO ENHANCE MARKETING PERFORMANCE
Authors: Indriastuti Herning
Published: April 2019

Purpose of Study: This paper aims to assess three selected marketing parameters that can influence marketing performance.

Methodology: An empirical study analysis was conducted to see the effect of Entrepreneurial Innovativeness Oriented, Relational Capabilities and Value co-creation to enhance the marketing performance of SME (Small and Medium Enterprise) apparel fashion industries in Central Java, Indonesia. Data sampling was obtained using purposive sampling technique involving 150 respondents. The data was collected by using a questionnaire given directly to the respondents. The data analysis employed Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with AMOS program assistance.

Result: The result showed that relational capabilities have a significant effect on value co-creation.

Implications/Applications: The value co-creation can be the mediator for improving relational capabilities which have a significant contribution to marketing performance.
LINGUISTIC SITUATION AROUND EAST FLORES AND ALOR-PANTAR ISLANDS IN EAST INDONESIA
Authors: Sulistyono Yunus , Fernandez Inyo Yos
Published: April 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to discuss the linguistic situation around East Flores and Alor-Pantar islands in terms of language change and contact within the area, including Austronesian languages and Papuan languages.

Methodology: The linguistic features discussed in this research were based on data collected directly by paying a visit to the village of Baranusa in West Pantar; Tanjung Bunga, in East Flores; and Lewoleba in Lembata. The instruments include 200 Swadesh word list and 646 words referring to cultural vocabulary.

Results: Results shows that it is based on research that has been conducted since 2014 which covers identification on the genetic identity and historical relations of Alorese, Kedang, and Lamaholot. These three languages are spoken in many different locations in East Flores-Pantar-Alor. We compare their phonological and lexical evidence to reveal their historical relations which leads to the historical changes from the protoforms as reflected in the present languages. We also consider the fact that there are also some contacts with Papuan speakers and the role of Indonesian as the national language and as the new lingua franca.

Implications: Thus, East Indonesia has been known for its unique linguistic situation. Its geographical condition enables every language and its varieties to develop their own DNA. Linguists from all over the world see this area as a major contact area that is defined by a single wave diffusion heading in various directions. It shaped the linguistic area in East Indonesia as it is now. This situation reflects some patterns that can be seen from certain changes in terms of phonological and lexical aspects through some languages that exist in the present. This situation covers languages spoken in certain areas, such as languages spoken in the area of Lesser Sunda islands.
PEMODELAN RESPON OPTIMAL KEBIJAKAN MONETER TERHADAP STABILITAS SEKTOR PERUMAHAN DAN INFLASI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Anward Ryan Juminta , Imansyah Handry , Siregar Syahrituah , Syafruddin Ruddy
Published: April 2019

Pengalaman krisis keuangan global yang telah terjadi menunjukkan kebijakan moneter perlu untuk memperluas tujuannya, yakni tidak hanya terpaku terhadap tujuan tradisional kebijakan moneter (inflasi) namun juga memperhatikan harga asset. Struktural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) dengan restriksi jangka pendek digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi respon dan dampak kebijakan moneter terhadap harga perumahan dan inflasi termasuk juga variabel makro ekonomi lainnya (output dan nilai tukar) di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data triwulan selama periode 2001Q1-2005Q4. Hasil simulasi dari model SVAR menunjukkan suku bunga kebijakan (BI Rate) berdampak signifikan terhadap harga perumahan dan tingkat inflasi. Kebijakan moneter yang dilakukan melalui perubahan BI Rate merespon secara cepat terhadap shock inflasi, output dan nilai tukar namun tidak memberikan respon terhadap fluktuasi harga perumahan. Model yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini juga mengindikasikan kurang efektifnya transmisi kebijakan moneter di Indonesia.Kata kunci: kebijakan moneter, harga perumahan, structural VAR
RESEARCH OF THE CHANGE OF THE PRODUCT CONSISTENCE DURING HIS ULTRASOUND PROCESS
Authors: Fedosenko T. V. , Patsyuk L. K. , Zhuravskaya-Skalova D. V. , Medvedeva E. A. , Filippovich V. P. , Kuhto V. A. , Nariniants T. V.
Published: April 2019

This article presents the results of studying the effect of ultrasound on the consistency of products. The task of the study was to identify the possibility of using ultrasound to change the consistency of the product from puree to homogenized. For this purpose, laboratory samples of apple puree were periodically processed on an ultrasonic generator at a frequency of 21.7 kHz, for different duration of exposure to ultrasound from 1 minute to 20 minutes. After processing, measurements of physicochemical parameters were carried out the mass fraction of soluble solids, temperature and viscosity. When analyzing the obtained results, it was found that, depending on the exposure time, the indicators of the mass fraction of dry substances in samples No.1, No.2, No.3 slightly increased relative to the control sample from a value of 11.9 to 12.4 V of sample No.4, in which the duration of exposure to ultrasound was 20 minutes, the indicator of the mass fraction of dry substances increased more significantly up to 13.8%. The same dynamics is observed in the obtained values of the viscosity of the product, which gradually increases in proportion to the exposure time from sample No.1 to sample No.4 (4600-6500 Centipoise (CP)). In addition, a comparative assessment of the organoleptic characteristics of experimental samples (taste, color, aroma and texture) was carried out after their ultrasonic treatment, depending on the duration of exposure. It was found that all the organoleptic characteristics of apple puree with an increase in the duration of ultrasonic treatment with a given parameter at a frequency of 21.7 kHz, changed depending on the time of exposure. Thus, the consistency changed from a “granular” structure (in the control sample) to a homogeneous homogenized (in sample No.3). In sample No.4 (with an exposure time of 20 minutes), mashed potatoes were obtained with a fine, finely divided creamy mass. Consequently, the effect of ultrasound with a given frequency of 21.7 kHz for at least 10 minutes allows a pureed product with a puree-like structure to obtain a homogenized puree.
A Rigid Dichotomy Between Dcotors’ Cenrted Branding and Patients’ Centered Branding Efforts of Phramaceutical Products: An Evaluation of Proudct Education and Branding in the Context of Indian Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Siddiqui Tahzeebul Hasan , Sharma S. D.
Published: April 2019

Pharmaceutical companies in India are growing day by day. Indian medicine market is considered as the cheapest in world. Indian health care services are famous in world. Due to industrial reforms the internal and international market is growing rapidly. In such market the need of branding and branding efforts are more challenging. It is always a subject of debate whether the branding of medicines should be doctors centered or patients centered. Present research paper evaluates these aspects of pharmaceutical products branding in India context.
Lityuma Bağlı Yan Etkiler ve Nörotoksisite: Lityum Nörotoksisitesi Demir Birikimiyle İlgili Olabilir mi?
Authors: Keleş Altun İlkay , Kılıç Neslihan , Yıldızoğlu Emrah , Atagün Murat İlhan
Published: April 2019

Lityum Avustralyalı psikiyatri hekimi John Cade ve İsviçreli Baastrup ve Schou’nun öncü çalışmalarla bipolar bozukluk tedavisine kazandırdığı bir duygudurum dengeleyicidir. Güncel tedavi kılavuzlarında akut mani, depresyon ve remisyon dönemlerinde idame tedaviler için hala altın standart tedavi olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Birçok sitoprotektif ve nörotrofik etkisinin yanı sıra lityum nadiren nörotoksisiteye de neden olabilmektedir. Nörotoksisite doz bağımlı ve dozdan bağımsız biçimde görülebilmektedir. Mekanizması tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır. Olası mekanizmalardan biri lityumun tau kaskadını inhibe etmesiyle beyinde bulunan demirin beyin hücrelerinden çıkışının zorlaşmasına neden olarak demir birikimine neden olmasıdır. Demir birikimi hidroksil radikali üretiminin artmasına neden olur ve sonuçta oksidatif nörotoksisite ortaya çıkarabilir. Ancak demir birikimine karşı düzeneklerinde dikkate alınması gerekir.  Bu gözden geçirme yazısında lityuma bağlı kardiyak ve metabolik yan etkiler ile birlikte lityum nörotoksisitesinin klinik özellikleri, biyokimyasal düzenekleri ve demir birikimi ile ilişkisi incelenmiştir.
Doğum Sonrası Depresyonda Bağlanma Örüntüleri ve Partner Desteğinin Rolü
Authors: BİNTAŞ ZÖRER Pelin , TULUM AKBULUT Sedef , DİRİK Gülay
Published: April 2019

Kadınların yaşamında önemli bir geçişi temsil eden bebek doğurma olayı, bireyin yaşamında birçok değişikliğe neden olmakta ve psikolojik sıkıntıları da beraberinde getirebilmektedir. Doğum sonrası depresyonun oldukça yaygın bir sorun olduğu görülmekte ve yapılan çalışmalar bu bozukluğun çeşitli faktörlerle ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu faktörler arasında partner ilişkisinin önemi özellikle vurgulanmakta olup bu ilişkiyi olumsuz yönde etkileyebilecek değişkenler doğum sonrası depresyonda risk faktörleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bu nedenle, bu derleme yazısında doğum sonrası depresyonda yetişkin romantik bağlanma örüntüleri ve partner desteğinin rolü ilgili alan yazındaki bulgular temel alınarak incelenmiştir.
Psikiyatride Vaka Yönetimi
Authors: ÇAM Mahire Olcay , KÜLİĞ Derya , KAÇMAZ Elif Deniz
Published: April 2019

Vaka yönetimi; bireylerin çeşitli ihtiyaçlarını (tedavi, sosyal, konaklama, finansal, istihdam, dinlenme, kültürel ihtiyaçlar) karşılamak amacıyla tüm hizmetlerin bir arada ve eşgüdümlü olarak verildiği bir süreçtir. Hasta ve hizmet verenlerin memnuniyetini ve maliyeti dikkate alan, bireylerin bütüncül sağlık endişelerinin yönetimini sağlayan bir bakım verme modelidir. Vaka yönetimiyle bireyin, problem çözme, iş ve sosyal becerilerinin gelişmesi, boş zaman aktivitelerinin artması ve bireyin bağımsızlaşmasıyla işlevselliğinin gelişmesi amaçlanır ve bu yönüyle vaka yönetiminin kronik ruhsal hastalığı olan bireyler için etkili bir yöntem olduğu belirtilmektedir. Ülkemizde ise psikiyatrik tedavi, rehabilitasyon ve kurum-lar arası koordinasyonun yürütüldüğü bütüncül hizmet modelinin uygulandığı toplum ruh sağlığı merkezlerinde bakım kalitesinin artırılması ve maliyetin azaltılması için vaka yönetimi konusu büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle bu derlemede vaka yönetimi tanımı, amaçları, özellikleri, çeşitleri ve uygulama alanındaki yararlarına ilişkin bilgiler sunulması amaçlanmıştır.
Meme Kanserinin Psikososyal Bakımında Gözden Kaçırılan Kısım: Eşler
Authors: YILDIZ Gülşah , HİÇDURMAZ Duygu
Published: April 2019

Meme
kanseri; tanı, tedavi ve sonrasındaki süreçte kadını fiziksel, psikolojik ve
sosyal açıdan doğrudan tehdit ederek psikososyal uyumunun bozulmasına, aile ve
sosyal ilişkilerinin olumsuz yönde etkilenmesine neden olabilmektedir. Meme
kanseri sürecinde önemli bir destek kaynağı olan aile, kadın ile birlikte aynı
psikososyal sıkıntılar ile yüzleşebilmektedir. Araştırma sonuçları, aile
içerisinde en çok tercih edilen destek kaynağının eşler olduğunu ve diğer aile
üyelerine göre yaşam kalitelerinin daha düşük olduğunu göstermektedir. Sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından önyargılı bir
şekilde sadece kadına yöneltilmekte olan psikososyal bakım, eşleri sıklıkla göz
ardı etmekte ve yeterli desteği alamamaları sonucunu doğurmaktadır. Bu bağlamda sağlık
profesyonellerinin, eşlerin
yaşamakta olduğu psikososyal sorunların farkında olarak meme kanseri olan
kadınlara sağladıkları psikososyal bakıma onları da dahil etmeleri önemli
olacaktır. Bu makalede,
çoğunlukla ihmal edilen bir grup olan meme kanserli hastaların eşlerinin
yaşadığı psikososyal sorunlar ve yapılabilecek müdahaleler konusunda
farkındalık geliştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
Espacio Iberoamericano del Conocimiento en la perspectiva de transformación de la Universidad en una Microversidad
Authors: Cuño Bonito Justo
Published: April 2019

Ante el desmedido ataque de las políticas neoliberales a las estructuras que fundamentan la existencia de los servicios públicos en los Estados nacionales, se impone la generación de pensamiento fundamentados en lo propio, en la diversidad, en la heterogeneidad cultural propias de las sociedades iberoamericanas: la presente investigación analiza las causas del fenómeno globalizador y propone como solución la consolidación del Espacio Iberoamericano del Conocimiento como herramienta de construcción de un conocimiento alternativo y transformador de nuestras sociedades. Recuperar el sentido universalista de una Universidad pública, a la que se pretende convertir en una simple microversidad orientada, adscrita, impelida y justificada en el proceso empobrecedor de relegar el conocimiento y entronizar la información.
política educativa en torno a la masificación de la educación superior y su relación con el abandono universitario en Colombia
Authors: Guerrero Sara Cristina , Soto Arango Diana Elvira
Published: April 2019

Este artículo contextualiza las políticas alrededor de la deserción, a partir de los procesos de masificación de la educación superior, reformas universitarias, lineamientos a escala mundial establecidos por los organismos internacionales, políticas neoliberales y las directrices dadas por la Organización Mundial del Comercio. Lineamientos que impusieron el modelo universitario del siglo XXI; donde la educación al ser un servicio, centra su interés en el costo-beneficio y las pérdidas generadas.

El propósito de este trabajo es comprender el interés por el surgimiento de las políticas nacionales alrededor del abandono universitario. Por medio de una revisión documental, centrada en los aspectos de calidad, cobertura, eficacia e inclusión, tomando los lineamientos dados por los organismos internacionales, en función de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio, Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenibles, principales conferencias de Educación Superior, Declaración Mundial Educación para Todos Jomtien; Marco de Acción de Dakar y la Declaración de Incheon. Posteriormente, se muestran su influencia sobre los planes de desarrollo (1998-2018), planes decenales de educación. Finalmente, se concluye que se contrarresta y contradice entre lo que se indica en la política, de ampliación de cobertura e inversión en la educación superior, con una realidad de recortes presupuestales y con una prospectiva de estar lejos de alcanzar la política de bienestar social, como estrategia para finalizar la deserción que solucione la desigualdad académica al ingreso y los problemas socio-económicos de la población estudiantil universitaria colombiana.
KURBAN KOLEKTIF DALAM PERSPEKTIF HADITS
Authors: Arifudin Mohammad
Published: April 2019

Ibadah kurban yang biasa dilakukan umat Islam sebagai ritual tahunan sepintas tidak ada yang perlu dipermasalahkan namun, ibadah ini secara umum didominasi oleh orang yang mam-pu saja, bagaimana dengan orang yang tidak mampu tapi punya ke-inginan untuk berkurban. Tulisan ini memuat hadits yang me-landasi pelaksanaan ibadah kurban secara kolektif bagi orang-orang yang memiliki keterbatasan finansial untuk mengurangi keraguan dalam melakukan ritual ini sebagai sarana memperkuat kadar spiritual mereka.