bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Reproducibility and Candidate Selection in Transcriptomics Using Meta-analysis
Authors: Brown Laurence A , Peirson Stuart N
Published: February 2018

Transcriptomic experiments are often used in neuroscience to identify candidate genes of interest for further study. However, the lists of genes identified from comparable transcriptomic studies often show limited overlap. One approach to addressing this issue of reproducibility is to combine data from multiple studies in the form of a meta-analysis. Here, we discuss recent work in the field of circadian biology, where transcriptomic meta-analyses have been used to improve candidate gene selection. With the increasing availability of microarray and RNA-Seq data due to deposition in public databases, combined with freely available tools and code, transcriptomic meta-analysis provides an ideal example of how open data can benefit neuroscience research.
Online meditation training for people with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cavalera Cesare , Rovaris Marco , Mendozzi Laura , Pugnetti Luigi , Garegnani Massimo , Castelnuovo Gianluca , Molinari Enrico , Pagnini Francesco
Published: February 2018

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has a relevant impact on quality of life (QOL) and is associated with increased risks of psychological morbidity. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are among the most studied interventions, although few well-conducted studies have tested them in this field. Furthermore, the participation in typical MBIs may be impaired by time and logistics.

Objective:

We aimed to test the efficacy of an online MBI to improve QOL, psychological well-being, sleep, and fatigue.

Methods:

We conducted a randomized controlled trial, in which 139 participants were randomly assigned to an MS-specific online mindfulness meditation intervention or to a psychoeducational (active control) group. Participants were assessed for QOL, depression, anxiety, sleep problems, and fatigue, at three different times: at recruitment, after 2 months, and after 6 months.

Results:

In comparison to the control group, the experimental subjects reported higher QOL and lower depression, anxiety, and sleep problems at the end of intervention. However, after 6 months these group differences were no longer significant.

Conclusion:

An online MBI could be an effective psychological treatment for the promotion of well-being in MS in short-term. However, the lack of lasting effects requires the development of new strategies to support long-term changes.
Understanding experiences of the self-harm of others: A qualitative exploration of the views of young people with complex mental health needs
Authors: Smith-Gowling Claire , Knowles Susan F , Hodge Suzanne
Published: February 2018

As adolescent self-harm is a growing public health concern, more research is needed to identify potential risk factors. Studies have highlighted that exposure to the self-harm of others may be a risk factor associated with engagement in self-harm. However, research investigating young people’s experiences of the self-harm of others has been limited. This qualitative study aimed to explore young people’s experiences of the self-harm of others and interviewed a total of eight young people (five females and three males; aged between 13 and 18 years) resident at one of two adolescent mental health inpatient units in the North of England. The interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and four themes were identified: ‘Pre-admission exposure to self-harm’, ‘Exposure on the inside: An unpleasant environment’, ‘Helper vs helped’ and ‘Separation from the attention seekers: competing for authenticity’. Prevention efforts to reduce the social transmission and stigma surrounding self-harm among young people are discussed.
Physicians’ experiences with sickness absence certification in Finland
Authors: Hinkka Katariina , Niemelä Mikko , Autti-Rämö Ilona , Palomäki Heikki
Published: February 2018

Aims: The aim of this study was to explore Finnish physicians’ perceptions of sickness absence (SA) certification. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to 50% of the physicians in Finland who provide care to working-age patients in a clinical practice setting. Of the 8867 physicians, 3089 responded. Physicians handling SA certification patients at least a few times per month were included ( n = 2472). Results: At least a few times per month, 61% of all physicians perceived SA issues as problematic, 60% had experienced a lack of time in dealing with SA matters, 36% had disagreed with a patient on SA certification, and 36% had met a patient who wanted a SA certificate for reasons other than a disease or injury. Physicians were least worried about patients filing complaints (4%), exhibiting threatening behaviour (2%), or switching physicians for SA certification reasons (1%). A total of 60% of physicians had prescribed SA for a longer period than necessary because of long waiting times for further care/measures. Non-specialized physicians, general practitioners, and psychiatrists experienced problems more frequently than surgeons and occupational health physicians. Over 50% of the respondents had a fairly large or very large need to deepen their knowledge of social insurance matters. The need for national guidelines for all or some diseases was reported by 80% of the respondents. Conclusions: Many physicians perceive SA tasks as problematic and are unable to dedicate enough time to them. Shortcomings in physicians’ sickness certification know-how, as well as obstacles in the healthcare and rehabilitation system, prolong the SA process. Attitudes towards the adoption of national guidelines on the duration of SA were positive.
Quadrupole mass filter acceptance in stability island created by double-frequency quadrupole excitation
Authors: Konenkov NV , Korzhavchikov MA , Stepanov VA , Trunina OE
Published: February 2018

Increase in quadrupole mass filter resolution at separation in narrow band stability island (X-band) formed by biharmonic resonance excitation of ion oscillation is discussed. X-band and the normal working quadrupole mass filter modes are compared at theoretical resolution of 10,000 and different separation times. Transmission curves, acceptance ellipses parameters, and acceptance characteristics are obtained by numerical simulation. Transmission coefficients are approximately the same in both modes. Dependence of acceptance ellipses parameters on ion inlet phases has a complicated oscillating form in the X-band mode. Acceptance contours calculated for given transition levels have been compared. At low acceptance level, the combined acceptance in the X-band mode was found to be one order of magnitude higher than in the normal mode.
Dialogue and deliberation: New approaches to including patients in setting health and healthcare research agendas
Authors: Abma Tineke A
Published: February 2018

Collective participation of patients in health and medical research is an emerging trend. The literature falls, however, short on process descriptions focusing on the power dynamics when sharing power with patients in the research process. This article therefore aims to generate knowledge on how to involve patients and redress power imbalances in health research agenda setting. The context for the study was health research agenda setting on Parkinson’s Disease in The Netherlands. The dialogue model was used: a multistakeholder and multiphased process for the coproduction of research agenda. Patients with Parkinson were involved in all stages of the agenda setting. It appeared to be crucial for people with Parkinson to create a free, protective, and communicative space of mutual encouragement to develop power from within and to articulate their voice. This prepared them for meaningful deliberations with health-care professionals, researchers, and funding agencies. Ultimately, these deliberations resulted in a relevant and useful research agenda that better enable health-care services to meet the needs and expectations of patients.
C

hronic

T

otal

O

cclusion Crossing Approach Based on

P

laque Cap Morphology: The CTOP Classification
Authors: Saab Fadi , Jaff Michael R. , Diaz-Sandoval Larry J. , Engen Gwennan D. , McGoff Theresa N. , Adams George , Al-Dadah Ashraf , Goodney Philip P. , Khawaja Farhan , Mustapha Jihad A.
Published: February 2018

Purpose: To present the chronic total occlusion (CTO) crossing approach based on plaque cap morphology (CTOP) classification system and assess its ability to predict successful lesion crossing. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of imaging and procedure data from 114 consecutive symptomatic patients (mean age 69±11 years; 84 men) with claudication (Rutherford category 3) or critical limb ischemia (Rutherford category 4–6) who underwent endovascular interventions for 142 CTOs. CTO cap morphology was determined from a review of angiography and duplex ultrasonography and classified into 4 types (I, II, III, or IV) based on the concave or convex shape of the proximal and distal caps. Results: Statistically significant differences among groups were found in patients with rest pain, lesion length, and severe calcification. CTOP type II CTOs were most common and type III lesions the least common. Type I CTOs were most likely to be crossed antegrade and had a lower incidence of severe calcification. Type IV lesions were more likely to be crossed retrograde from a tibiopedal approach. CTOP type IV was least likely to be crossed in an antegrade fashion. Access conversion, or need for an alternate access, was commonly seen in types II, III, and IV lesions. Distinctive predictors of access conversion were CTO types II and III, lesion length, and severe calcification. Conclusion: CTOP type I lesions were easiest to cross in antegrade fashion and type IV the most difficult. Lesion length >10 cm, severe calcification, and CTO types II, III, and IV benefited from the addition of retrograde tibiopedal access.
Chaga (Inonotus obliquus), a Future Potential Medicinal Fungus in Oncology? A Chemical Study and a Comparison of the Cytotoxicity Against Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells (A549) and Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells (BEAS-2B)
Authors: Géry Antoine , Dubreule Christelle , André Véronique , Rioult Jean-Philippe , Bouchart Valérie , Heutte Natacha , Eldin de Pécoulas Philippe , Krivomaz Tetyana , Garon David
Published: February 2018

Background: Inonotus obliquus, also known as Chaga, is a parasitic fungus growing on birches and used in traditional medicine (especially by Khanty people) to treat various health problems. In this study, we aimed to quantify the 3 metabolites frequently cited in literature, that is, betulin, betulinic acid, and inotodiol in the Chaga recently discovered in forests located in Normandy (France), and to compare their concentrations with Ukrainian and Canadian Chaga. This study also explores the cytotoxicity of the French Chaga against cancer-derived cells and transformed cells. Methods: A quantification method by HPLC-MS-MS (high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry) of betulin, betulinic acid, and inotodiol was developed to study the French Chaga and compare the concentration of these metabolites with extracts provided from Chaga growing in Canada and Ukraine. This method was also used to identify and quantify those 3 compounds in other traditional preparations of Chaga (aqueous extract, infusion, and decoction). Among these preparations, the aqueous extract that contains betulin, betulinic acid, and inotodiol was chosen to evaluate and compare its cytotoxic activity toward human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549 line) and human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B line). Results: French Chaga contains betulin and betulinic acid at higher levels than in other Chaga, whereas the concentration of inotodiol is greater in the Canadian Chaga. Moreover, the results highlighted a cytotoxic activity of the Chaga’s aqueous extract after 48 and 72 hours of exposure with a higher effect on cancer-derived cells A549 than on normal transformed cells BEAS-2B ( P = 0.025 after 48 hours of exposure and P = 0.004 after 72 hours of exposure).
Strong barrier coverage of directional sensor networks with mobile sensors
Authors: Zhao Lu , Bai Guangwei , Shen Hang , Tang Zhenmin
Published: February 2018

Barrier coverage is attractive for many practical applications of directional sensor networks. Power conservation is one of the important issues in directional sensor networks. In this article, we address energy-efficient barrier coverage for directional sensor networks with mobile sensors. First, we derive the critical condition for mobile deployment. We assume that a number of stationary directional sensors are placed independently and randomly following a Poisson point process in a two-dimensional rectangular area. Our analysis shows that the critical condition only depends on the deployment density ([Formula: see text]) and the sensing radius ( r). When the initial deployment satisfies [Formula: see text], barrier gaps may exist, so we need to redeploy mobile sensors to improve the barrier coverage. Then, we propose an energy-efficient barrier repair algorithm to construct an energy-efficient barrier to detect intruders moving along restricted crossing paths in the target area. Through extensive simulations, the results show that the energy-efficient barrier repair algorithm improves the barrier coverage and prolongs the network lifetime by minimizing the maximum sensor moving distance. And in comparison with the energy-efficient barrier coverage algorithm (previous works), the energy-efficient barrier repair algorithm increases by 18% of network lifetime on average.
Applying improved particle swarm optimization for dynamic service composition focusing on quality of service evaluations under hybrid networks
Authors: Gao Honghao , Zhang Kang , Yang Jianhua , Wu Fangguo , Liu Hongsheng
Published: February 2018

Hybrid services use different protocols on various networks, such as WIFI networks, Bluetooth networks, 5G communications systems, and wireless sensor networks. Hybrid service compositions can be varied, representing an effective method of integrating into wireless scenarios context-aware applications that can sense mobility via changes in user location and combining services to support target functions. In this article, improved particle swarm optimization is introduced into the quality service evaluation of dynamic service composition to meet the mobility requirements of hybrid networks. First, this work classifies hybrid services into different task groups to generate candidate sets and then interface matching is used to compare the operations of candidate services with user requirements to select the appropriate services. Second, the service composition is determined by the particle swarm optimization simulation process, which aims to identify an optimal plan based on the calculated value from quality of service. Third, considering a change of service repository, when the quality of a composite service is lower than a predefined threshold, the local greedy algorithm and global reconfiguration method are adopted to dynamically restructure composite services. Finally, a set of experiments is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for determining the dynamic service composition, particularly when the scale of hybrid services is large. The method provides a technical reference for engineering practice that will fulfill mobile computing needs.
Eulerian–Lagrangian method for liquid jet atomization in supersonic crossflow using statistical injection model
Authors: Fan Xiaofeng , Wang Jiangfeng , Zhao Faming , Li Jiawei , Yang Tianpeng
Published: February 2018

An integrated Eulerian–Lagrangian method has been proposed to simulate liquid jet in supersonic flow. The carrier fluid surrounding the liquid droplets is described by multicomponent Navier–Stokes equations based on stationary (Eulerian) Cartesian grid, and the Lagrangian-discrete droplet method is employed to represent the behavior of atomized droplets in this work. A total of three classic breakup models, Taylor analogy breakup model, Reitz wave model, and Kelvin–Helmholtz/Rayleigh–Taylor hybrid model, are discussed under supersonic conditions, and model predictions are compared to experimental data through multiple perspectives quantitatively. More accurate predictions of liquid penetration, as well as droplet size distribution, can be achieved for specific conditions with Kelvin–Helmholtz/Rayleigh–Taylor hybrid model comparing to other breakup models. Additionally, a statistical injection model has been introduced to depict droplet dispersion in the near-nozzle region. The probability density function is utilized to predict the size and position of the injected droplet, and the four commonly used probability density functions, uniform, chi-squared, Nukiyama–Tanasawa, and Rosin–Rammler, are analyzed. The influence of statistical representation of injection condition is discussed. The simulation results indicate that the random components in the velocity and droplet size of the injected droplets have a significant impact on the structure of the liquid jet in high-speed flow.
An enhanced anti-disturbance guidance scheme for powered descent phase of Mars landing under actuator fault
Authors: Xu Jianwei , Qiao Jianzhong , Guo Lei
Published: February 2018

As a class of autonomous deep-space exploration robots, Mars lander is simultaneously affected by wind disturbance and actuator fault, which hinders precise landing on Mars. In this article, we propose a composite guidance approach by combining disturbance observer and iterative learning observer together. The Mars wind disturbance is dealt by the disturbance observer providing wind estimation which is rejected through feed-forward channel. Meanwhile, the iterative learning observer is used to estimate the deficiency of actuators. The proposed guidance scheme ensures not only the precision but also the reliability of the Mars guidance system. The stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed. Simulations made in different situations demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach.
The massacre-centred memory of Sant’Anna di Stazzema, Italy
Authors: Di Pasquale Caterina
Published: February 2018

This article is based on an anthropological study on memory carried out between 2002 and 2010 in Sant’Anna di Stazzema, a village located in the mountains of Tuscany, where the Nazis exterminated almost all of the civilian inhabitants on 12 August 1944. Nearly 400 people died, mainly women, children and the elderly. Despite what occurred, neither historical nor legal acknowledgements were forthcoming until as late as 2007.

Through the study of ethnographical documents, the author analyses the cultural value of memory of the massacre narrated by survivors and the relatives of victims from 1944 to the present day. To examine how this memory has been passed down through time both inside and outside the martyred village, the author reflects on the complex intertwining of the individual and collective remembrances during the long and drawn-out elaboration of the trauma.
Spatial and temporal scale in comparative approaches to rural gentrification
Authors: Nelson Peter B
Published: February 2018

Phillips and Smith extend debates about comparative epistemologies onto both the process and concept of rural gentrification. In doing so, they illustrate the forms of comparative research, their various critiques and limitations, and the different ways comparative strategies can illuminate new understandings of rural gentrification. Their opening dialogue connects the field of rural geography more directly with theoretical conversations taking place largely in the realm of urban geography, and I find their explication of the various comparative strategies useful in thinking about the ways in which one might approach comparative research. I, however, also find their discussion of comparison somewhat “flat” in the sense that they emphasize comparison between places (north vs. south, urban vs. rural, etc.). Comparison between places is certainly one approach that can generate new understandings of a spatial phenomenon, but comparison across scales—both spatial and temporal—also has the potential to reveal new ways in which the movement of people, capital, and ideas produce and reproduce contemporary landscapes.
Comparative ruralism and ‘opening new windows’ on gentrification
Authors: Phillips Martin , Smith Darren P
Published: February 2018

In response to the five commentaries on our paper ‘Comparative approaches to gentrification: lessons from the rural’, we open up more ‘windows’ on rural gentrification and its urban counterpart. First, we highlight the issues of metrocentricity and urbanormativity within gentrification studies, highlighting their employment by our commentators. Second, we consider the issue of displacement and its operation within rural space, as well as gentrification as a coping strategy for neoliberal existence and connections to more-than-human natures. Finally, we consider questions of scale, highlighting the need to avoid naturalistic conceptions of scale and arguing that attention could be paid to the role of material practices, symbolizations and lived experiences in producing scaled geographies of rural and urban gentrification.
CHA2DS2-VASc score and risk of thromboembolism and bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation and recent cancer
Authors: D’Souza Maria , Carlson Nicholas , Fosbøl Emil , Lamberts Morten , Smedegaard Lærke , Nielsen Dorte , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Gislason Gunnar , Schou Morten
Published: February 2018

Background

Cancer may influence the risk of thromboembolism and bleeding associated with the CHA2DS2-VASc score. We examined the risk of thromboembolism and bleeding associated with the CHA2DS2-VASc score in atrial fibrillation patients with and without recent cancer.

Methods and results

Using nationwide registers all patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation from 2000 to 2015 and not on oral anticoagulation or heparin therapy were included and followed for 2 years. Recent cancer was defined by a cancer diagnosis 5 years or fewer earlier. Risks of thromboembolism and bleeding were estimated in cumulative incidence curves and Cox regression models. We included 122,053 patients with incident atrial fibrillation, 12,014 (10%) had recent cancer. The 2-year cumulative incidence of thromboembolism and bleeding in patients with versus without recent cancer was 1.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.5–2.8) and 4.3% (95% CI 2.4–6.2) versus 1.2% (95% CI 0.9–1.5) and 1.7% (95% CI 1.4–2.0) for CHA2DS2-VASc score 0; 3.2% (95%CI 2.2-4.3) and 4.4% (95%CI 3.2-5.6) versus 1.8% (95%CI 1.6-2.1) and 3.0% (95% CI 2.7–3.3) for CHA2DS2-VASc score 1; and 7.1% (95% CI 6.6–7.7) and 6.8% (95% CI 6.3–7.2) versus 10.9% (95% CI 10.7–11.1) and 6.2% (95% CI 6.1–6.4) for CHA2DS2-VASc score 2 or greater. Although the CHA2DS2-VASc score was associated with thromboembolism and bleeding in both patients with and without cancer, the association differed between the groups for thromboembolism (test for interaction, p < 0.001) and bleeding (test for interaction, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The association of the CHA2DS2-VASc score and risk of thromboembolism and bleeding differed between atrial fibrillation patients with and without recent cancer. Therefore, the CHA2DS2-VASc score should be used with caution in patients with recent cancer.
Chronic exposure to traffic-related air pollution and cancer incidence among 10,000 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions: A historical prospective study
Authors: Cohen Gali , Levy Ilan , Yuval  , Kark Jeremy D , Levin Noam , Witberg Guy , Iakobishvili Zaza , Bental Tamir , Broday David M , Steinberg David M , Kornowski Ran , Gerber Yariv
Published: February 2018

Background

Exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is considered to have a carcinogenic effect. The authors previously reported a nonsignificant association between TRAP and cancer risk in a relatively small cohort of myocardial infarction survivors. This study assessed whether TRAP exposure is associated with subsequent cancer in a large cohort of coronary patients.

Methods & results

Consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions in a major medical centre in central Israel from 2004 to 2014 were followed for cancer through 2015. Residential levels of nitrogen oxides (NOx) – a proxy for TRAP – were estimated based on a high-resolution national land use regression model. Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to study relationships with cancer. Among 12,784 candidate patients, 9816 had available exposure data and no history of cancer (mean age, 68 years; 77% men). During a median (25th–75th percentiles) follow-up of 7.0 (3.9–9.3) years, 773 incident cases of cancer (8%) were diagnosed. In a multivariable-adjusted model, a 10-ppb increase in mean NOx exposure was associated with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–1.15) for all-site cancer and 1.16 (95% CI 1.05–1.28) for cancers previously linked to TRAP (lung, breast, prostate, kidney and bladder). A stronger association was observed for breast cancer (HR = 1.43; 95% CI 1.12–1.83). Associations were slightly strengthened after limiting the cohort to patients with more precise exposure assessment.

Conclusion

Coronary patients exposed to TRAP are at increased risk of several types of cancer, particularly lung, prostate and breast. As these cancers are amenable to prevention strategies, identifying highly exposed patients may provide an opportunity to improve clinical care.
Total retroperitoneal approach to aortic reconstruction: A novel technique for aorto-enteric fistulae and graft infections
Authors: Alfawaz Abdullah , Tashiro Jun , Sleeman Danny , Jones Keith , Rey Jorge
Published: February 2018

Aorto-enteric fistulae pose a challenging negative outcome of aortic intervention. Treatment involves graft excision, and recently, more enthusiasm has met in situ revascularization over extra-anatomic bypass. This has been traditionally performed through the transperitoneal approach via a midline abdominal incision. We propose an exclusively total retroperitoneal technique in managing this complication with regard to both the vascular and alimentary tract technical aspects of the procedure. This involves exclusion and bypass of the affected segment followed by en-mass resection of the affected segment with the duodenum, and finally, bowel anastomosis. We present a case of an aorto-enteric fistulae illustrating classical radiological findings treated via a flank incision and retroperitoneal technique after a temporizing endovascular stent placement at an outside institution. Peri-operative course was uneventful. The retroperitoneal approach has been shown to be equivalent to its transperitoneal counterpart in many aspects of treating aortic disease. It has also been shown to be superior in others, including but not limited to, faster return of bowel function, decreased respiratory complications, less blood loss and shorter length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital. We recommend adding this approach to every vascular surgeons operative armamentarium when it comes to managing aorto-enteric fistulae. This might be especially helpful in avoiding re-operative planes, thus minimizing blood loss and iatrogenic bowel injury, better aortic exposure, and adequate access to the duodenum.
Ligation of the aorta for a mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm in an infant
Authors: Zouizra Zahira , Benbakh Soukaina , Biaou Gaël , Boumzebra Drissi
Published: February 2018

Mycotic aortic aneurysms are exceedingly uncommon in infants and they have a high risk of rupture. Their surgical management is extremely challenging. We report a case of a 22-month-old girl who presented with abdominal pain and fever revealing a ruptured mycotic aneurysm of the infrarenal aorta. The surgical treatment consisted of a ligature of the proximal and distal ends of the aneurysm. Postoperative course was significant for hypertension. A year and a half follow-up showed no other complications. Limited data are available concerning our chosen technique, but the reported cases showed a good short-term outcome.
Comparative authoritarian institutionalism, regime evolution, and stability in North Korea
Authors: McEachern Patrick
Published: February 2018

The cross-national comparative politics literature on authoritarian regimes has advanced rapidly in recent years, providing fresh insights into regime longevity, potential for successful democratization, and derivative policy choices. The study of North Korea’s politics has likewise advanced, albeit largely without reference to this budding literature. Given the paucity of data on North Korea, this article reviews and leverages the budding comparative literature to bring new perspectives on perennial debates on North Korean regime stability. The article argues the comparative literature fails to capture evolution in authoritarian regimes, including North Korea, suggesting areas for theoretical improvement. It documents political evolution in Kim Jong Un’s North Korea and draws upon cross-national findings to show how and why the one-party political structure, personalist elements, and hereditary succession identified in this analysis are stabilizing elements for the regime.
Parent-Reported Mild Head Injury History in Children: Long-Term Effects on Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Li Linda , Li Yuli , McDonald Catherine , Liu Jianghong
Published: February 2018

Objective. Consequences of mild head injury for behavioral adjustment have not been well researched, and little is known about the long-term effects of mild head injury for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods. In this longitudinal study of 418 children in Jintan City, China, parents reported children’s history of head injury at age 6 years, and the Child Behavior Checklist was used to measure child iDSM-IV-oriented ADHD at ages 6 (Wave I) and 12 years (Wave II). Regression models were used to calculate the long-term (Wave II) effect of mild head injury on diagnosed ADHD, while controlling for diagnosed ADHD in Wave I. Results. Fifty-seven children (13.6%) had a single injury and 42 (10.0%) had multiple injuries before the age of 6 years. The long-term effect of multiple mild injury on ADHD at age 12 years was significant ( R2 = 0.103, P < .05), even after controlling for ADHD at age 6 years. Conclusions. Multiple, but not single, mild head injuries before the age of 6 years had a significant long-term effect on ADHD. Thus, injuries traditionally overlooked and underreported still pose significant risks to children’s long-term behavioral development.
TESTATEAMOEBAE AS BIO-INDICATORS OF CONTAMINATION BY TRACE ELEMENTS IN THE RESERVOIR OF SALTO GRANDE AMERICANA-SP, BRAZIL
Authors: Misailidis Maria Laura , Strikis Nicolás Misailidis , Figueira Rubens Cesar , Cordeiro Renato Campello , Strikis Pedro Carlos , Pregnolato Leonardo Antonio , Duleba Wânia
Published: February 2018

This work aims to evaluate the degree of sediment contamination and the response of Testate amoebae populations through a sediment core taken from the Salto Grande Reservoir (RSG), situated in Americana, in São Paulo State (SP), Brazil. It is based on the analysis of the trace elements geochemistry (by ICP-OES) and Testate amoebae data (by stereomicroscopic morphometric analysis). The indices of homogeneity and richness (Simpson 1-D and Margalef) were calculated. Sediment contamination was evaluated according to VGQS (TEL and PEL). The results evidenced that the sediments of Facies 3 are highly contaminated since the beginning of RSG filling. Contamination caused significant decline of Testate amoebae populations dimension and diversity. In sedimentary facies with lower concentrations of trace elements diversity and size of Testate amoebae populations are higher and are composed of different species. The results of this work indicate that Testate amoebae populations showed differentiated responses to different environmental conditions. So, these amoeboid protists can be considered good indicators of pollution caused by trace elements in fresh water aquatic environments.
SHRIMP U-PB DATA OF THE PALEOPROTEROZOIC, REGIÃO DOS LAGOS COMPLEX, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL: IMPLICATIONS TO RIBEIRA BELT EVOLUTION
Authors: Machado Marcos Da Silva , Potratz Guilherme Loriato , Alves Marcio Ignacio , Almeida Bruna Saar , Geraldes Mauro Cesar , Tavares Jr Armando Dias , Nummer Alexis Rosa , Nogueira Camila Cardoso , Santos Anderson Da Costa
Published: February 2018

The studied region is located in the Rio de Janeiro State (SE, Brazil) and is part of the Ribeira Belt, in the central portion of the Mantiqueira Province. The rocks of this region were included in the Brasiliano/Pan-African orogeny, from Neoproterozoic to the early Paleozoic. The basement is comprised of Paleoproterozoic rocks, sedimentary and volcano-sedimentary rocks from Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic and intrusive granitic rocks from the Neoproterozoic. These rocks are interpreted as associations of magmatic arcs, sedimentary sequences of passive margins and tardi-kinematic granites, respectively. The study area is located in Cabo Frio Terrane, where the basement is represented by the Região dos Lagos Complex.The Região dos Lagos Complex can be divided into: granitic rocks (biotite-orthoclase-plagioclase gneiss), tonalitic rocks (biotite-microcline-plagioclase gneiss). The main aims of the SHRIMP U-Pb zircon studies of the Região dos Lagos Complex is to identify the crystallization ages of this complex and to define the magmatic events in the Ribeira Belt. The obtained U-Pb ages are: sample CRL-04, 1960 ± 19 Ma; sample CRL-05, 1986 ± 24 Ma; sample CRL-06, 1985 ± 34 Ma; sample CRL-07, 1942 ± 16 Ma; sample CRL-08, 1970 ± 17 Ma and; sample CRL-09, 1989 ± 22 Ma.These results suggest that the Região dos Lagos complex has crystallization from 1989 Ma to 1942 Ma, and was formed during an important magmatic event related to the Ribeira Belt formed previously to the Gondwana amalgamation probably related to Congo craton basement.
Interlocuções do Projeto ético-político do Serviço Social brasileiro com o mundo: entrevista com Esther Luíza de Souza Lemos
Authors: Matos Maurílio De Castro
Published: February 2018

Entrevista com Esther Luíza de Souza Lemos, assistente social graduada pela UNIOESTE (Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná), mestra e doutora em Serviço Social, respectivamente pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo e Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, e pós-doutora em Política Social pela Universidade de Brasília. Desde 1994 leciona no Curso de Serviço Social da UNIOESTE, com inserção na graduação e pós-graduação stricto senso. Tem tido uma intensa participação nos debates da profissão e na sua organização política, com destaque para sua participação no Conjunto CFESS-CRESS. Foi conselheira do CFESS nas gestões “Tempo de luta e resistência” (2011-2014) e “Tecendo na luta a manhã desejada” (2014-2017), tendo coordenado a comissão de relações internacionais nas duas gestões e sendo vice-presidente da entidade na segunda gestão. Participou do Comitê Mercosul de Serviço Social e da sua transformação em Coordenação do Comitê Latinoamericano e Caribenho de Organizações Profissionais de Trabalho Social/Serviço Social (COLACATS), sendo sua primeira coordenadora até 2017, quando se encerrou a gestão.
Perspectives from CQC ‘outstanding’ practices: How to have good uptake of vaccination services
Authors: McGeown Helen , Heffernan Catherine , Gibson Kenny
Published: February 2018

This qualitative study looked at general practices that had been rated as ‘outstanding’ by the Care Quality Commission in order to help other practices improve their vaccination services

London's vaccination rates are consistently lower than England's averages. General practices are inspected by England's Care Quality Commission, but to date no best practice guidance for vaccination services has been published. This study explores what learning could be extrapolated from general practices that are rated as ‘outstanding’ by England's Care Quality Commission in relation to their vaccination services. The intention is to share this learning to help other practices improve their vaccination services. A qualitative methodology was utilised, consisting of 12 unstructured interviews with staff at seven of London's nice ‘outstanding’ practices in February 2016. Thematic analysis revealed that good immunisation practice was influenced by having patient- and family-centred care, trained ‘up-to-date’ staff, planning ahead, an ethos of working together, and allowing time for discussion about vaccinations with patients/parents. Further research is needed to test if the implementation of learning from ‘outstanding’ practices will increase immunisation rates.
The spectrum and outcome of blunt trauma related enteric hollow visceral injury
Authors: Bekker W , Kong VY , Laing GL , Bruce JL , Manchev V , Clarke DL
Published: February 2018

Introduction

This audit focused on patients who sustained enteric injury following blunt abdominal trauma.

Methods

Our prospectively maintained electronic registry was interrogated retrospectively, and all patients who had sustained blunt abdominal trauma between December 2011 and January 2016 were identified.

Results

Overall, 2,045 patients had sustained blunt abdominal trauma during the period under review. Seventy per cent were male. The median age was 28 years. Sixty patients (2.9%) sustained a small bowel injury (SBI). Thirty-five of these were peritonitic on presentation. All patients with a SBI had a chest x-ray and free air was present in seven. In 18 patients with a SBI, computed tomography (CT) was performed, which revealed isolated free fluid in 12 and free intraperitoneal air in 5. In five cases, the CT was normal. A total of 32 patients (1.5%) sustained blunt duodenal trauma (BDT). All patients with BDT had a chest x-ray on presentation. Free intraperitoneal air was not present in any. CT was performed on 17 patients with BDT. This revealed isolated free fluid or retroperitoneal air in 12. The median delay between injury and presentation for these enteric injures was 15.5 hours (interquartile range [IQR]: 8–25 hours) while between presentation at hospital and operation, the median delay was 6 hours (IQR: 3–13 hours).

Conclusions

Blunt trauma related enteric hollow visceral injury remains associated with delayed diagnosis and significant morbidity. It can be caused by a disparate array of mechanisms and is difficult to diagnose even with modern imaging strategies.
Ductal carcinoma in-situ arising within benign phyllodes tumours
Authors: Lui S-A , Oh HB , Wang S , Chan CW
Published: February 2018

Ductal carcinoma in situ arising within a benign phyllodes tumour is a rare neoplasm of the breast. We present a case of a 19-year-old woman who had a right breast lump for six months with the above diagnosis together with a mini-review of the literature. Ultrasound revealed a 5-cm breast lump and core biopsy revealed ductal carcinoma in situ. She underwent wide local excision of the breast lump with clear margins. Final histology confirmed ductal carcinoma in situ within a fibroepithelial lesion consistent with a benign phyllodes tumour. To our knowledge, this is the youngest case of ductal carcinoma in situ arising in a phyllodes tumour to have been reported so far.
A Global Poincaré inequality on Graphs via a Conical Curvature-Dimension Condition
Authors: Lakzian Sajjad , Mcguirk Zachary
Published: February 2018

We introduce and study the conical curvature-dimension condition, CCD(K, N), for finite graphs.We show that CCD(K, N) provides necessary and sufficient conditions for the underlying graph to satisfy a sharp global Poincaré inequality which in turn translates to a sharp lower bound for the first eigenvalues of these graphs. Another application of the conical curvature-dimension analysis is finding a sharp estimate on the curvature of complete graphs
Response Surface Modeling of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cotton Slub Yarns
Authors: Qadir Muhammad Bilal , Malik Zulfiqar Ali , Ali Usman , Shahzad Amir , Hussain Tanveer , Abbas Amir , Asad Muhammad , Khaliq Zubair
Published: February 2018

The objective of this study was to model the physical and mechanical properties of 100% cotton slub yarns commonly used in denim and other casual wear. Statistical models were developed using central composite experimental design of the response surface methodology. Yarn’s linear density, slub thickness, slub length and pause length were used as the key input variables while yarn strength, elongation, coefficient of mass variation, imperfections and hairiness were used as response/output variables. It was concluded that yarn strength and elongation increased with increase in linear density and pause length, and decreased with increase in slub thickness and slub length. Yarn mass variation and total imperfections increased with increase in slub thickness and pause length, whereas yarn imperfections and hairiness decreased with increase in slub length. It was further concluded that due to statistically significant square and interaction effects of some of the input variables, only the quadratic model instead of the linear models can adequately represent the relationship between the input and the output variables. These statistical models will be of great importance for the industrial personnel to improve their productivity and reduce sampling.
The efficiency of tactical and technical actions of the national teams of Japan and Russia at the World Championships in Judo (2013, 2014 and 2015)
Authors: Adam Marek , Sterkowicz-Przybycień Katarzyna
Published: February 2018

Study aim: The aim of the study was to determine the value of indices characterizing the efficiency in attack and in defence in Judo influencing the course and the outcome of Japanese and Russian representatives’ fights. Material and methods: Research material comprised the results of observations and an analysis of bouts of Japanese (n = 15, 124 bouts) and Russian (n = 16, 103 bouts) athletes during the World Championships in 2013, 2014 and 2015. The observed athletes’ bouts were with different opponents. The collected material allowed determination of the value of the efficiency in at­tack indices (Sa) of groups of judo techniques and the indices in defence (So) characterising Japanese and Russian representa­tives’ opponents. The techniques dominant among the observed athletes were identified. Results: The Japanese were characterised by significantly higher values of the efficiency in attack indices resulting from throws, in particular, foot throws. The efficiency in defence in both teams was significantly lower when applying holds rather than throws. Representatives of Russia also had high efficiency in applying joint locks and low efficiency in defensive actions. Conclusion: Sports results obtained by representatives of both teams were connected not only with the efficiency of their defensive actions, but also with the type and efficiency of the techniques dominant in attack
Marshall’s Voice
Authors: Halper Thomas
Published: February 2018

Most judicial opinions, for a variety of reasons, do not speak with the voice of identifiable judges, but an analysis of several of John Marshall’s best known opinions reveals a distinctive voice, with its characteristic language and style of argumentation. The power of this voice helps to account for the influence of his views.
MicroRNAs as predictive biomarkers of response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Kovacova Julia , Poprach Alexandr , Buchler Tomas , Cho William C. , Slaby Ondrej
Published: February 2018

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 2%–3% of all malignant tumours. The first-choice treatment in metastatic RCC (mRCC) patients is tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Although TKIs may prolong survival of the treated patients who are not primary resistant, almost all of them will eventually develop secondary resistance to the treatment after a progression-free period. To predict treatment response, thus, we need efficient biomarkers for rational indication of TKIs in mRCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) not only play important roles in the pathogenesis of many cancers, including RCC but also have been shown to serve as promising diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers in various cancers. However, the potential of miRNAs to predict response to therapy with TKIs in mRCC has not yet gained sufficient attention. Because personalisation of the TKIs indication in mRCC presents an important unmet medical need, we summarise research on this topic and give an overall insight on the current knowledge in this field.
Electrochemical and surface analytical techniques applied to microbiologically influenced corrosion investigation
Authors: Trif László , Shaban Abdul , Telegdi Judit
Published: February 2018

Suitable application of techniques for detection and monitoring of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of the interactions and for selecting inhibition and control approaches. This paper presents a review of the application of electrochemical and surface analytical techniques in studying the MIC process of metals and their alloys. Conventional electrochemical techniques, such as corrosion potential (Ecorr), redox potential, dual-cell technique, polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), electrochemical noise (EN) analysis, and microelectrode techniques, are discussed, with examples of their use in various MIC studies. Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance, which is newly used in MIC study, is also discussed. Microscopic techniques [scanning electron microscopy (SEM), environmental SEM (ESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), confocal laser microscopy (CLM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), confocal Raman microscopy] and spectroscopic analytical methods [Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)] are also highlighted. This review highlights the heterogeneous characteristics of microbial consortia and use of special techniques to study their probable effects on the metal substrata. The aim of this review is to motivate using a combination of new procedures for research and practical measurement and calculation of the impact of MIC and biofilms on metals and their alloys.
Reduced multitype critical branching processes in random environment
Authors: Dyakonova Elena E.
Published: February 2018

We consider a multitype critical branching process Z

n
, n = 0, 1,…, in an i.i.d. random environment. Let Z

m,n
be the number of particles in this process at time m having descendants at time n. A limit theorem is proved for the logarithm of Z

nt,n
at moments nt,0 ≤ t ≤ 1, conditioned on the survival of the process Z

n
up to moment n when n → ∞.
On the best choice of a branching variable in the subset sum problem
Authors: Kolpakov Roman M. , Posypkin Mikhail A.
Published: February 2018

The paper is concerned with estimating the computational complexity of the branch-and-bound method for the subset sum problem. We study the relationship between the way of decomposition of subproblems and the number of the method steps. The standard variant of the branch-and-bound method for the subset sum problem with binary branching is considered: any subproblem is decomposed into two more simple subproblems by assigning values 0 and 1 to a selected branching variable. It is shown that for any set of parameters of the problem the procedure of branching variables selection in the descending order of their weights is optimal.
On periodic properties of polylinear shift registers
Authors: Kozlitin Oleg A.
Published: February 2018

This paper continues the author’s studies in [4], [5], [6] on synthesis of generators of pseudorandom sequences on the basis of polylinear shift registers. The paper [9] puts forward a method of the study of periodic properties of such automata. In the present paper, this method is used for the study of the cyclic type of a polylinear shift register with irreducible characteristic polynomials.