bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Limitaciones y beneficios de la educación médica a través del cine: una revisión sistemática exploratoria
Authors: Juliana Jiménez Silgado Aliz , Hernández Rincón Erwin Hernando , Romero Tapia Álvaro , Jaimes Peñuela Claudia Liliana
Published: October 2024

Introducción:
la educación médica requiere una evolución constante y ha generado nuevas metodologías de enseñanza. Dentro de estas, el cine destaca por su utilidad para enseñar habilidades del humanismo médico.

Objetivo:
sintetizar la evidencia disponible sobre los beneficios y limitaciones del cine como herramienta en la educación médica.

Metodología:
se realizó una revisión sistemática exploratoria de la literatura disponible en las bases de datos indexadas con descriptores MeSH, acerca de los efectos del uso del cine en la educación médica en los últimos 23 años. Se seleccionaron 26 documentos.

Resultados:
Se hallaron estudios de 15 países, donde se describen los beneficios del cine para el desarrollo de pensamiento crítico, habilidades de humanismo médico e integración teórico- clínica; para lograr esto se requiere preparación de los docentes en el uso de esta metodología. Sin embargo, aún existen limitaciones en la aceptación e implementación de la “cinemeducación” por parte de las facultades de medicina.

Conclusiones:
El cine como herramienta educativa presenta beneficios para la generación de habilidades necesarias para el médico y solo presenta escasas dificultades para su implementación, fácilmente superables con entrenamiento docente en el uso de esta metodología.
Reflexiones sobre El Nombre de la Rosa y la medicina
Authors: Piedrafita Vico Lucas A.
Published: October 2024

El propósito de este texto es reflexionar sobre el libro El Nombre de la Rosa. Esta poesía intelectual nos permite analizar la evolución de la percepción de los Universales a lo largo de la historia. Desde el título hasta su final, el autor nos lleva en un camino lleno de cambios históricos y autopercibidos. Es interesante cómo el contexto determinante siempre juega un papel relevante y el poder de las ideas trasciende muchas veces la realidad que uno experimenta. En este sentido, Umberto Eco, nos muestra como diferentes aspectos filosóficos pueden implementarse sin tener que elegir uno por sobre otro, lo que nos lleva a meditar sobre la utopía en la simbiosis filosófica. Este enfoque permite ver la relación entre los aspectos ontológicos, gnoseológico, lingüísticos y otros campos, como la medicina. En los siguientes párrafos, exploraré algunos de estos aspectos y cómo se entrelazan con nuestra disciplina. La filosofía nos permite analizar y comprender los conceptos abstractos que subyacen a la práctica médica; y puede ayudarnos a mejorar la calidad de atención que brindamos a nuestros pacientes, como a nuestra relación con colegas.
Las discapacidades que no son tales. El estrabismo de Giovanni Barbieri
Authors: Bottasso Oscar
Published: October 2024

El manuscrito hace una revisión a grandes rasgos de la obra de Giovanni Barbieri, apodado Il Guercino a raíz de su estrabismo, quien llegó a constituir uno de los pintores más destacados del barroco italiano, en gran medida ligado a la escuela Boloñesa de los Carracci. El escrito también rescata la sencillez y modestia del maestro, que a pesar de tantos ofrecimientos de la realeza europea decidió vivir en su terruño como una muestra inequívoca de humildad, la cual enalteció aún más su calidad de persona.
La serpiente y el arco iris (1988): un modelo fisiopatológico por sobredosis de tetrodotoxina
Authors: Fernández-Martos Carmen , Suleiman-Martos Nora , Gómez-Urquiza José Luis , Prieto-Gómez Isabel , Ramírez-Sánchez Manuel , Segarra-Robles Ana Belén , García-Cózar Francisco , Domínguez-Vías Germán
Published: October 2024

La Serpiente y el Arco Iris (1988) de Wes Craven supone un modelo docente atractivo que combina la farmacología y las alteraciones fisiológicas en muchos sistemas funcionales. Basada en un hecho real, este clásico del terror convertido en una película de culto analiza como el método científico es capaz de dar respuestas al mito del muerto viviente, a través del vudú en la población de Haití, por la inhalación de una potente droga en polvo que contiene altas dosis de tetrodotoxina. Este filme simula el estado agudo de catalepsia de los pacientes y las pruebas sometidas para certificar la aparente defunción tras la confirmación del cese irreversible de las funciones cardiorrespiratorias o encefálica, debido a la ausencia de reflejos troncoencefálicos a causa de los efectos a largo plazo que presenta la droga. Además, a pesar de que el paciente no fallece y es enterrado siendo consciente de todo el proceso, el filme permite reflexionar en los estudiantes la alta carga psicológica, tanto del propio paciente como de la población, que profundiza en los estados de terror al suponer que es un esclavo retornado de la muerte sin alma y sin voluntad.
Somerset Maugham, another physician-writer, between literature and the screen
Authors: D’Ottavio‐Callegari María Silvia , D’Ottavio‐Cattani Alberto Enrique , D’Ottavio‐Callegari María Eugenia
Published: October 2024

Following the approach already employed in an earlier article on Archibald Joseph Cronin1, physician, and writer, this paper focuses on William Somerset Maugham, another physician who successfully ventured into literature, producing many plays, novels, and short stories adapted to the screen (cinema and TV), herein chronologically listed and described.
Comparative Analysis of Milling Technologies in Dark and Milk Cocoa Topping Production for Ice Cream
Authors: Popović Tijana , Stožinić Milica , Lončarević Ivana , Pajin Biljana , Zarić Danica , Nikolić Ivana , Petrović Jovana
Published: October 2024

Chocolate and cocoa toppings are widely used for confectionery products. Toppings used for ice creams contain higher fat content (about 40-60%) to ensure a greater flow to cover the whole product. The dark cocoa topping consists of cocoa and sugar powder distributed in vegetable fat, while cocoa topping with the added 7% non-fat milk fraction is regarded as a milk cocoa topping. This research aimed to determine and compare the impact of the ball mill, and five-roll mill and conching used for the production of dark and milk cocoa toppings regarding the particle size distribution, rheology properties and content of moisture, sucrose, fat and lactose. The obtained results showed that the volume-weighted mean parameter D (4,3) was lower in the samples produced in a ball mill. Additionally, the viscosity, linear and Casson, slightly increased in samples produced in a ball mill except for the milk cocoa topping which had 0.55 fold higher value of linear viscosity compared to the sample produced using a five-roll mill and conching. Regarding the results of NIR spectroscopy, it was found that the samples produced in a ball mill showed higher values of moisture, but lower values of sucrose, lactose and fat.
Risk-taking Factors in a Dynamic Approach
Authors: Csorba László
Published: October 2024

The most common definition of risk is quantified by the probability of an adverse event occurring and the value of the adverse consequence. Theoretically, the decision to take a risk can also be based essentially on these two pieces of information. In addition, according to traditional risk-taking models, the perception of risk, the psychological characteristics of the decision-makers and their relevant experience are also important. In the case of mathematical-statistical-psychological models, little emphasis is placed on the fact that risk is in fact the inability to completely control the activity in question. The causes of this incompleteness are based on the shortcomings in the relevant capabilities of the economic agent. Economic agents have different capabilities, so they rarely face the same risks, even for almost identical activities. Just as the requirements and circumstances of the activity are constantly changing, so are the capabilities of the economic agent. Consequently, the size of the capability gap of an economic agent is also constantly changing. This should be taken into account in risk-taking decisions and their revision. The paper attempts to model this dynamic risk-taking mechanism and to show how different risk-taking strategies may be pursued by economic agents in certain baseline situations.
Mechanical Properties and Microstructural Characteristics of Steel Pipes after Long-Time Hydrogen Exposure
Authors: Nagy Nóra , Lukács János
Published: October 2024

There are three possibilities to transport hydrogen by high pressure pipeline (i) blending hydrogen into the existing natural gas pipeline system, (ii) after checking the integrity, using the natural gas transporting pipeline system to transport hydrogen, (iii) building a new pipeline system to transport pure hydrogen. In all three cases should be known the behaviour of the pipe material and its welded joints influenced under high pressure hydrogen. For this aim pipeline sections made of P355NH base material were investigated without and with hydrogen exposure, where the exposure time was 41 days. Gas metal arc welding and hybrid tungsten arc welding / gas metal arc welding were applied for preparation of the girth weld joints. Tensile, three point bending and hardness tests, furthermore microstructural investigations were performed both on base materials and girth welds of the pipeline sections. The testing results were analysed and compared with each other (base material vs. welded joints, without exposure vs. with exposure) and with limit values can be found in the literature. Conclusions were drawn on the behaviour of the investigated pipe material and its welded joints.
Analysis of the Spanwise Effect behind a Cylindrical Body
Authors: Molnár Bence , Bencs Péter
Published: October 2024

The study of the flow around the cylinder is still a focus of research in various aspects. In this case, the flow around an electrically heated cylinder with a diameter Ød=10 mm is investigated at low velocities (mainly in the laminar range). In the literature, the wall temperature Tw is used in many places to characterize such flows. This is usually considered constant, because experimental tests are mainly performed with electrically heated rods of small diameter (max ~2 mm). Since in our case the rod diameter is a multiple of this, the question arises whether the two-dimensional nature of the flow behind the cylinder is preserved. The spanwise effect behind a transversely placed heated cylinder was investigated. The results obtained provide a good basis for designing further measurement options.
Nilai Diagnostik Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Urin, Kelainan Urinalisis, dan Kombinasi Keduanya pada Infeksi Saluran Kemih Anak Usia 2–5 Tahun
Authors: Estetika Citra , Pardede Sudung O. , Munasir Zakiudin , Supriyatno Bambang , Prawitasari Titis , Yanuarso Piprim Basarah
Published: October 2024

Latar belakang. Infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) pada anak memiliki manifestasi klinis yang tidak khas sehingga sulit untuk diagnosis dini. Biakan urin memerlukan waktu hingga lima hari sehingga dapat menyebabkan keterlambatan terapi serta tingginya komplikasi ISK. Kelainan urinalisis yang saat ini digunakan masih memiliki spesifisitas yang rendah. Tujuan. Mengetahui nilai diagnostik Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) urin, kelainan urinalisis, dan kombinasi keduanya untuk mendiagnosis dini ISK pada anak usia 2-5 tahun.Metode. Uji diagnostik menggunakan biakan urin sebagai baku emas dengan desain potong lintang pada anak berusia 2-5 tahun dengan tersangka ISK dan dirawat di Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo.Hasil. Pemeriksaan NGAL urin diketahui memiliki sensitivitas 85,7% (IK95%: 63,6-96,9%), spesifisitas 74,3% (IK95%: 57,8-86,9%), positive predictive value 64,3% (IK95%: 50,6–75,9%), dan negative predictive value 90,6% (IK95%: 76,9-96,5%) pada anak dengan minimal satu kelainan urinalisis. Pemeriksaan NGAL urin hanya meningkatkan spesifisitas kelainan urinalisis berupa leukosituria saja dan tidak meningkatkan spesifisitas pada yang telah memiliki tiga kelainan urinalisis. Kesimpulan. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin urin tidak dianjurkan untuk meningkatkan spesifisitas urinalisis dalam diagnosis ISK pada anak usia 2–5 tahun. Gabungan tiga kelainan urinalisis tanpa NGAL urin sudah memiliki spesifisitas yang baik. Perlu dilakukan penelitian biomarker lain untuk mendiagnosis dini ISK dengan lebih baik.
Hubungan Pemakaian Steroid Inhalasi dengan Osteoporosis pada Pasien Asma Anak
Authors: Tjahjono Harjoedi Adji , Sayyaf Haydar Farel Muhammad , Yuliarto Saptadi , Olivianto Ery
Published: October 2024

Latar belakang. Asma merupakan penyakit saluran napas akibat adanya peradangan kronis pada saluran napas yang sering terjadi pada anak-anak dengan prevalensi mencapai 20%. Steroid merupakan anti-inflamasi yang dinilai paling efektif dalam terapi penyakit peradangan kronis seperti asma. Akan tetapi, penelitian sebelumnya mengungkapkan bahwa steroid memiliki potensi menyebabkan penurunan kepadatan massa tulang atau osteoporosis. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan pemakaian steroid inhalasi dengan osteoporosis pada pasien asma anak. Metode. Studi observasional analitik ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional terhadap 13 pasien asma anak yang berobat di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Saiful Anwar, Malang, yang didapat melalui purposive sampling. Pasien asma anak yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dalam rentang usia 5-18 tahun serta telah menjalani pengobatan steroid inhalasi minimal 3 bulan dilakukan pemeriksaan bone mass density (BMD) melalui alat dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) kemudian dicatat hasil z-score. Analisis data menggunakan metode korelasi Rank Spearman untuk variabel bebas, yaitu dosis steroid inhalasi dan durasi pemakaian steroid inhalasi dengan variabel terikat yaitu nilai z-score BMD. Hasil. penelitian ini didapatkan hubungan signifikan berkorelasi negatif kuat antara dosis steroid inhalasi kumulatif dengan nilai z-score BMD (p=0.000, r=-0.827) dan hubungan signifikan berkorelasi negatif sedang antara durasi pemakaian steroid inhalasi dengan nilai z-score BMD (p=0.043, r=-0.568). Kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemakaian steroid inhalasi menyebabkan penurunan kepadatan massa tulang dan berisiko menyebabkan osteoporosis.
Tingkat Kesesuaian antara Rontgen Toraks dengan Genexpert MTB/RIF pada Kasus Dugaan Tuberkulosis Paru pada Anak
Authors: Anggraini Diah , Sofiah Fifi , Faisal RM , Bakri Achirul
Published: October 2024

Latar belakang. Diagnosis tuberkulosis (TB) paru pada anak sering kali sulit dilakukan. Sifat pausibasiler dari TB pada anak kerap seringkali menyulitkan konfirmasi bakteriologis. Oleh karena itu, rontgen toraks menjadi modalitas penting ketika didapatkan hasil negatif pada pulasan bakteri. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat tingkat kesesuaian antara hasil rontgen toraks dan GeneXpert MTB/RIF pada kasus TB paru pada anak.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang yang dilakukan dengan menelusuri rekam medis pasien anak dengan dugaan TB paru di Rumah Sakit dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang pada tahun 2018-2020. Subjek penelitian dikelompokkan sebagai terdeteksi atau tidak terdeteksi TB berdasarkan hasil GeneXpert MTB/RIF dan sugestif atau non-sugestif TB berdasarkan rontgen toraks. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Cohen’s Kappa (k).Hasil. Terdapat 207 kasus dugaan TB paru pada anak dengan sebagian besar subjek berusia 0- <5 tahun (56,0%), dengan usia median 48 bulan (rentang usia 4-209 bulan). Berdasarkan hasil rontgen toraks, 68,5% pasien dinyatakan sugestif TB, sedangkan 31,4% dinyatakan non-sugestif TB. Berdasarkan GeneXpert MTB/RIF, 16,9% pasien terdeteksi TB dan 83,0% tidak terdeteksi TB. Tingkat kesesuaian antara rontgen toraks dan GeneXpert MTB/RIF adalah k= 0,108 (p=0,005).Kesimpulan. Tingkat kesesuaian antara rontgen toraks dan GeneXpert MTB/RIF tergolong rendah.
Ulcerative Jejunitis in Celiac Disease: A 30-Year US Experience
Authors: Chornenkyy Yevgen , Peric Masa , Flores David Marin , Ono Yuho , Shinagare Shweta A. , Dannheim Katelyn , Shannahan Sarah , Rakowsky Shana , Asakrah Saja , Vyas Monika , Arnason Jon , Leffler Daniel , Kelly Ciaran , Mukherjee Rupa , Therrien Amelie
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Ulcerative jejunitis (UJ) or ulcerative enteritis (UE) is a rare complication of celiac disease (CeD). Guidelines regarding diagnosis and management are missing, and these cases have seldom been reported in the United States.

DESIGN:

Case series of CeD in which UE developed at a large academic center in the United States. Clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and evolution of disease were collected.

RESULTS:

Eight cases were identified (6 male/2 female, mean age 59.5 [38–77] years). Presentations included intestinal obstruction (n = 3), GI hemorrhage (n = 3), and malabsorption (n = 2). Ulcers were present in the duodenum in 4 patients and exclusively past the angle of Treitz in only 4 cases, which makes the term UE more appropriate than UJ. Six of 8 had T-cell receptor clonal gene rearrangements, and 2 had definite aberrant T cells. Corticosteroids were tried in all patients without improvement, and 5 underwent surgical resection. Three patients received cladribine. One patient received an autologous stem cell transplant, followed by ruxolitinib. Two were subsequently diagnosed with enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, including 1 with cerebral enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, and 1 died from hemophagocytic syndrome. Two are still alive, including only 1 on GFD and 2 were lost to follow-up after surviving at least 30-month posttreatment.

DISCUSSION:

UE seems a more appropriate term to describe an ulcerative complication of CeD at high risk of obstruction or bleeding. Steroids were not effective. Treatment outcomes were variable, but with a 50% death rate.
Environmental Knowledge, Awareness, Attitude Toward Purchase Intention, Mediated by Infrastructure Readiness & Price Affordability of Electric Vehicle (EV): Case in Indonesia
Authors: Ramadhan Naufalian , Nurdayadi Nurdayadi , Alfiandri Alfiandri
Published: October 2024

The study investigates the impact of electric vehicle (EV) technology on Indonesia's automotive industry and economy, emphasizing EVs' role in emission reduction. Factors affecting EV uptake, including purchasing behavior and environmental awareness, are analyzed, contributing to the theory of planned behavior. Data from 136 respondents were collected through surveys, revealing positive correlations between environmental awareness, knowledge, attitude, and purchase intent. Price affordability emerges as an intervening variable. The study offers insights for the gradual integration of EVs into Indonesia's automotive sector, highlighting initiatives by both manufacturers and the government, such as introducing EV options and implementing regulations related to energy, charging infrastructure, and taxation. This research underscores the importance of addressing consumer perceptions and market dynamics to facilitate the transition toward electric mobility in Indonesia.
Upaya Penegakan Integritas dan Profesionalisme Pada Konsultan Pajak dalam Pemeriksaan Pajak
Authors: Zalsabilla Vanyda , Tjaraka Heru , Rahmiati Alfa
Published: October 2024

This research aims to describe and analyse efforts to uphold the integrity and professionalism of tax consultants in tax audits. The research method used by researchers is descriptive qualitative to obtain valid results. Interviews and documentation are data collection techniques in this research. So that researchers can process, conclude and analyse all research results. The data source in the research is primary data. The results of this study indicate that in conducting a tax audit which is usually carried out by a tax consultant when accompanying his client with the tax authorities, the first thing to do is of course to provide direction, readiness of important documents to be examined and supervision that still refers to the tax consultant's code of ethics and applicable tax laws. The role of tax consultants in assisting the process of tax audit activities is very important. Integrity in tax consultants in carrying out their duties is not only honest but all aspects, such as avoiding deviations from the code of ethics by accepting gratuities and conducting negotiations that are not commendable for personal or group interests. The regarding professionalism a professional tax consultant will always upgrade himself, be able to classify when performing tasks which are good and bad things and prioritizing straight and aligned actions with tax law in Indonesia.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis upaya penegakan integritas dan profesionalisme konsultan pajak dalam pemeriksaan pajak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan peneliti yaitu kualitatif deskriptif untuk mendapatkan hasil yang valid. Wawancara dan dokumentasi merupakan teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini. Sehingga peneliti dapat mengolah, menyimpulkan dan menganalisis seluruh hasil penelitian. Sumber data dalam penelitian adalah data primer. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam melakukan pemeriksaan pajak yang biasanya dilakukan oleh seorang konsultan pajak ketika mendampingi kliennya dengan pihak fiskus hal pertama yang dilakukan tentu saja memberikan pengarahan, kesiapan dokumen penting yang akan diperiksa dan pengawasan yang tetap mengacu pada kode etik konsultan pajak dan undang-undang perpajakan yang berlaku. Peran konsultan pajak dalam membantu proses kegiatan pemeriksaan pajak sangatlah penting. Integritas pada konsultan pajak dalam menjalankan tugasnya tidak hanya jujur saja tetapi segala aspek, seperti menghindari penyimpangan terhadap kode etik dengan menerima gratifikasi dan melakukan negosiasi yang tidak terpuji untuk kepentingan pribadi maupun golongan. Kemudian mengenai profesionalisme, seorang konsultan pajak yang profesional akan selalu meng-upgrade dirinya, dapat mengklasifikasikan saat melakukan tugas mana hal baik  buruk serta mengedepankan tindakan yang lurus dan selaras dengan hukum perpajakan di Indonesia.
Strategi Brand Portfolio Untuk Perusahaan Menengah: Studi Kasus Pada Lifestyle Brand
Authors: Saputri Marheni Eka , Swasty Wirania , Nastiti Nisa Eka , Utami Fitriani Nur , Sabrina Keysia Shafa
Published: October 2024

The lifestyle brand industry is highly competitive, with many brands competing for consumer attention and loyalty. This study aims to: 1) understand the adoption of the company's existing brand management, and 2) determine the optimal number of brands a company should own. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, such as the co-founder, to understand the company's brand management practices. Secondary data in document reviews were used to assess the optimal number of brands. Based on the interviews, the company adopted the House of Brands and Sub-Branding strategies. From the document review, it was revealed that companies in the lifestyle brand industry in Indonesia tend to diversify their portfolios and expand product categories to reach various market segments and respond to trends. Having multiple brands provides flexibility in marketing strategies, positioning, and growth potential, which supports the overall development of the company.Industri lifestyle brand sangat kompetitif, dengan banyak merek bersaing untuk mendapatkan perhatian dan loyalitas konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui adopsi manajemen merek eksisting perusahaan saat ini, dan 2) menentukan jumlah merek optimal yang sebaiknya dimiliki perusahaan. Data kualitatif dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pemangku kepentingan utama, seperti co-founder, untuk memahami praktik manajemen merek perusahaan. Data sekunder berupa review dokumen digunakan untuk meninjau jumlah merek optimal. Berdasarkan wawancara, perusahaan mengadopsi strategi House of Brands dan Sub-Branding. Dari document review, terungkap perusahaan-perusahaan dalam industri lifestyle brand di Indonesia cenderung melakukan diversifikasi portofolio dan ekspansi kategori produk untuk menjangkau berbagai segmen pasar serta merespons tren. Memiliki banyak merek memberikan fleksibilitas dalam strategi pemasaran, positioning, dan potensi pertumbuhan yang mendukung keseluruhan perkembangan perusahaan.
Toward a Vision of Sustainable University: Linkages between Commitment and Practices
Authors: Hutami Anisa Dwi , Qayim Ibnul , Putra Heriansyah , Slamet Alim S , Mardiana Rina , Dwiyanti Fifi Gus
Published: October 2024

Sustainability management plays a significant role in higher education. Development of a sustainable university involves integrating environmental, social, and economic considerations into various aspects of its operations, including campus infrastructure, curriculum, research, and community engagement. This urgently requires a strong commitment as a driving force behind sustainable initiatives, guiding actions, decisions, and investments toward achieving sustainability goals. IPB University as one of the most prominent universities in Indonesia is not only committed to becoming a sustainable university but also consistent in developing strategic plans to pursue its vision. Guided by this vision, IPB University has specifically established the Sustainable Campus Development Office (SCDO) to devise comprehensive sustainability plans outlining its goals, targets, and strategies for reducing environmental impact, promoting social equity, and ensuring economic viability. While it is still on progress, this commitment has played a significant role in encouraging sustainability practices at the university. It provides a foundation for leadership, governance, resources allocation, curriculum integration, student engagement, community partnerships, monitoring, reporting, and continuous improvement toward achieving sustainability goals. In addition, the university has established several sustainability values as guidance and indicators for maintaining sustainable practices. Integrating values and commitment is thus critical to realizing sustainable practices from generation to generation.
Analysis of Steel Material Characteristics using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Method
Authors: Suswanto Budi , Iranata Data , Septiarsilia Yanisfa
Published: October 2024

The use of steel materials in building construction opens new opportunities for sustainable development, as steel exhibits corrosion resistance, durability, and reliability in terms of strength and ductility. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is non-contact technique in which digital images of the surface of a test object are captured using high-resolution cameras.  This study conducted measurements of strain distribution on the specimen's surface using the DIC method throughout the entire tensile testing process. The study particularly focuses on examining changes in strain distribution during the melting phase and the local deformation phase leading to fracture. In this research, a comparison will be made between the load-displacement curves obtained from experimental laboratory testing and the results analyzed using the DIC method for SS400-grade steel material. Based on the results of the tensile test and DIC analysis that have been conducted, conclusions have been drawn in the research. The tensile test results of SS400 steel material with a thickness of 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, and 12 mm meet the quality requirements in the tested specification standards, and the results of the force-displacement curve between the experimental test results and the DIC method obtained a minimum deviation with a value below 10%,. Therefore, it can be concluded that the DIC method exhibits a reasonably good level of accuracy, making it suitable for validating the results of experimental tests.
Morphodynamics of Recherchefjorden accumulative coasts since the end of the Little Ice Age
Authors: Frydrych Kamila , Zagórski Piotr
Published: October 2024

The shores of Recherchefjorden in western Spitsbergen have undergone significant changes during the 20th and early 21st centuries, resulting from the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA) and climate warming. In areas exposed by retreating glaciers, paraglacial processes have had an impact, leading to the development of forms such as spits, lagoons and beaches. The main factors that determine the direction of landform development include wave patterns, the role of longshore currents in material transport, and the state of the fjord’s sea/coast ice. Archival materials such as aerial and satellite photos and geomorphological mapping were used to analyse changes in the length of accumula- tion forms in Recherchefjorden. Nine accumulation areas were identified along the fjord’s shores. Longshore currents’ primary directions were determined by the arrangement of accumulation forms, flowing southward along the western coast from the Chamberlinelva estuary to Rubypynten, and westward on the eastern outwash plain of Recherchebreen. Material transport along the fjord’s eastern coast is mainly towards the south. Following the LIA, the accumulation rate increased, with the highest values recorded in the second and early third decades of the 21st century. Longshore currents shape accumulation forms such as spits and beaches, but they appear intermittently depending on favourable wave and tidal conditions, transforming coasts and accumulating material through longshore drift. These conditions occur periodically and independently of water circulation or tidal currents, allowing accumulation forms to develop in leaps under intensive material supply, ensuring their stability.
Analysis of MDA, SOD, TAOC, MNCV, SNCV, and TSS scores in patients with diabetes peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Jia Yukun , Li Yan
Published: October 2024

To explore the impact of score in patients with diabetes peripheral neuropathy (DPN) treated with traditional Chinese medicine package (TCMP) plus red light therapy and lipoic acid on malondialdehyde (MDA), erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV), sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV), and Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TSS). A total of 108 patients with DPN hospitalized in the hospital were chosen and divided into groups with the random number table. In the control group (CG) 54 patients were treated with conventional lipoic acid, and 54 patients in the experimental group (EG) accepted TCMP plus red light on the basis of the CG. The MDA, SOD, TAOC, MNCV, SNCV, and TSS scores before treatment and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of oxidation indicators, nerve conduction velocity, and symptom scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, the MDA in the EG was lower than that in the CG, with a statistical significance difference (P < 0.05). The SOD and TAOC in the EG were higher than those in the CG, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The MNCV and SNCV of median nerve, common peroneal nerve, and tibial nerve in the EG were significantly higher than those in the CG (P < 0.05). The TSS score of the EG was lower than that of the CG, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The treatment of patients with DPN with lipoic acid plus TCMP and red light therapy can improve the symptoms and signs of disease, promote the recovery of motor and sensory conduction velocity, and optimize the body oxidation indicators.
Symmetries of Fano varieties
Authors: Esser Louis , Ji Lena , Moraga Joaquín
Published: October 2024

Prokhorov and Shramov proved that the BAB conjecture, which Birkar later proved, implies the uniform Jordan property for automorphism groups of complex Fano varieties of fixed dimension.
This property in particular gives an upper bound on the size of finite semi-simple groups (i.e., those with no nontrivial normal abelian subgroups) acting faithfully on 𝑛-dimensional complex Fano varieties, and this bound only depends on 𝑛.
We investigate the geometric consequences of an action by a certain semi-simple group: the symmetric group.
We give an effective upper bound for the maximal symmetric group action on an 𝑛-dimensional Fano variety.
For certain classes of varieties – toric varieties and Fano weighted complete intersections – we obtain optimal upper bounds.
Finally, we draw a connection between large symmetric actions and boundedness of varieties, by showing that the maximally symmetric Fano fourfolds form a bounded family.
Along the way, we also show analogues of some of our results for Calabi–Yau varieties and log terminal singularities.
Effect of drain pipes on seepage and slope stability through a zoned earth dam
Authors: Hassan Waqed H. , Atshan Thaer T. , Thiab Rifqa F.
Published: October 2024

Earth dams must be supplied with seepage control devices to prevent piping and sloughing. One such device used for this purpose is the so-called drain pipe. This study focuses on the influence of drain pipes on seepage and slope stability analysis in a zoned earth dam; here, for the specific case study of the Al-Adhaim dam, Iraq. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the beneficial effects of drain pipes in the control of seepage and improving slope stability in zoned earth dams, thus allowing for specific recommendations for the optimal location(s) of any drain pipes. SEEP/W software was used to evaluate the steady-state seepage that occurs through and beneath the dam, and SLOPE/W software was used to analyze slope stability. In this study, two drain pipes, each with diameters of 15 cm, were used in the earth dam, with a vertical distance of 1 m between them. The effects of the drain pipes through the earth dam were investigated by varying their relative locations, specifically at X/B = 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7. The results of the study showed that the presence of the drain pipes was effective in reducing the elevation of the phreatic surface line. Additionally, the drain pipes significantly reduced the seepage flow and hydraulic exit gradient while increasing the factor of safety (FOS). Based on the findings, it was concluded that the most effective position for the drain pipes was when they were located at X/B = 0.7; in this configuration, they allowed for minimum seepage flow (70%) and hydraulic exit gradient (72%), while providing the highest FOS (17.2).
Biblical Drama and Politically Incorrect Ideas in the Dutch Reformation Era
Authors: François Wim
Published: October 2024

Chambers of Rhetoric in Flanders, Brabant, Holland and Zeeland opened themselves up to the new religious ideas, especially in the 1530s. These were discussed among their members and the Scriptures were read and conversed upon. The results of their reflections were written down and performed in allegorical plays (spelen van sinne), biblical plays, refrains and songs. In this essay particular attention will be paid to how the staging of biblical figures and stories was not only a means to propagate the new “evangelical” ideas among the audience, but also a way to criticize the persecution of the same by the imperial and ecclesiastical authorities. To that purpose a closer analysis is offered of a play entitled De Bekeeringe Pauli (The Conversion of Paul), which was based upon Acts 9:1–19. Most probably the play was created by the Chamber of Rhetoric De Goudbloem (Marigold), which was active in Vilvoorde near Brussels. The essay will further illustrate how these “religiously-politically incorrect” plays induced the authorities to take increasingly stringent measures against the performance of rhetoricians’ plays in the Low Countries.
The first 2-year prospective audit of prenatal cell-free deoxyribonucleic screening using single nucleotide polymorphisms approach in a single academic laboratory
Authors: Panchalee Tachjaree , Poungvarin Naravat , Amornrit Warisa , Yaiyiam Chutima , Wataganara Tuangsit
Published: October 2024

Objectives

We reported a performance during an implementation of prenatal cell-free (cf) DNA screening using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) approach in our accredited laboratory.

Methods

Prospective audit with prompt intervention was set for the processing of 2,502 samples from singleton pregnancy from August 2017 to July 2019. Risks of trisomy 21 (T21), T18, T13, monosomy X (XO), and other sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs) were clarified by a proprietary bioinformatics algorithm.

Results

Laboratory failure occurred in 192 samples (7.7 %) as a result of inadequate sequencing (n=144), fundamental limitation of the testing (n=19), and obvious human error (n=29). Faulty setting of the calibration curve was the most common human error (n=22/29). After a redraw (n=110), 79 (71.8 %) were settled. Overall, 2,389/2,502 samples (95.5 %) were reportable. Thirty-five samples were high-risk for T21 (n=19), T18 (n=5), T13 (n=1), XO (n=3), and other SCAs (n=7), respectively. Positive predictive values calculated from either prenatal confirmatory tests or postnatal findings were 93.8 % (n=16), 100 % (n=4), 50 % (n=2), and 83.3 % (n=6) for T21, T18, XO, and other SCAs, respectively, with high sensitivity and specificity (>99.9 %). Vanishing twin was detected from 1 out of 4 samples with detected additional haplotypes.

Conclusions

An overall performance of SNP-based prenatal cf-DNA screening during our initial implementation can be optimized with proactive approach. The technical know-how was a significant limiting factor for adopting the technology. The lessons learnt may be of interest to the academic laboratory considering adopting their own test instead of sending blood to a testing service of a supplier.
Enhancing patient understanding in obstetrics: The role of generative AI in simplifying informed consent for labor induction with oxytocin
Authors: Grünebaum Amos , Dudenhausen Joachim , Chervenak Frank A.
Published: October 2024

Informed consent is a cornerstone of ethical medical practice, particularly in obstetrics where procedures like labor induction carry significant risks and require clear patient understanding. Despite legal mandates for patient materials to be accessible, many consent forms remain too complex, resulting in patient confusion and dissatisfaction. This study explores the use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) to simplify informed consent for labor induction with oxytocin, ensuring content is both medically accurate and comprehensible at an 8th-grade readability level. GAI-generated consent forms streamline the process, automatically tailoring content to meet readability standards while retaining essential details such as the procedure’s nature, risks, benefits, and alternatives. Through iterative prompts and expert refinement, the AI produces clear, patient-friendly language that bridges the gap between medical jargon and patient comprehension. Flesch Reading Ease scores show improved readability, meeting recommended levels for health literacy. GAI has the potential to revolutionize healthcare communication by enhancing patient understanding, promoting shared decision-making, and improving satisfaction with the consent process. However, human oversight remains critical to ensure that AI-generated content adheres to legal and ethical standards. This case study demonstrates that GAI can be an effective tool in creating accessible, standardized, yet personalized consent documents, contributing to better-informed patients and potentially reducing malpractice claims.
The Duty of the Highest Good and the Ethical Community in Kant
Authors: Aksoy Neşe
Published: October 2024

In this paper I focus on how the meritorious dimension (or latitude, Spielraum) involved in the promotion of the highest good is closely related to the constitution of an ethical community as a free, open and progressive moral society. I argue that since moral perfection and moral belief/faith as the grounding elements for the promotion of the highest good (synthesis of virtue and happiness) are not objective duties that must be promoted to a definite extent but involve a certain latitude in their employment, the ethical community that emerges out of the pursuit of the highest good does not prove to be a uniform society in terms of the degrees of the pursuit of moral perfection and moral commitment of its citizens. Rather, I point out that the latitude involved in the pursuit of moral perfection and the adoption of moral belief leads to the establishment of an ethical community that emerges as an open and free society entered by its citizens freely and willfully as part of their inner self-constraint. I thus hold that in such an ethical society agents can pursue and promote the highest good not in a strictly prescribed and uniform manner but in various forms and degrees as long as they constantly progress towards a higher form of moral perfection and purer form of religious (or rational) belief/faith.
“Saying ‘thank you’ or something more than lip service”: a variational analysis of the influence of gender and social status on responses to congratulations on Chinese WeChat
Authors: Zhao Xin
Published: October 2024

Existing studies on responses to congratulations to date have displayed a general culturally-bound finding that Chinese speakers prefer to take a detour approach. However, the effect of social constraints on response strategies have not received the attention it deserves. Drawing on a variational pragmatic approach, this study explores the constraints of gender and social status on the pragmatic variation of Chinese WeChat users’ responses to congratulations. Building upon an integrative data set of congratulatory interactions in actual online messages, the findings suggest that gender and social status overlap in complex ways, but with a clear tendency: both men and women significantly tend towards an acceptance strategy when responding to congratulations on WeChat, while social status influences the sub-strategies used in accepting congratulations across both male and female groups. The findings challenge previous stereotypes about Chinese language variation in responses to congratulations. The current results suggest that Chinese speakers have already made a transition from following the Modesty Maxim to using the Agreement Maxim, and have also incorporated the Obligation Maxim. Chinese speakers also consider rapport and reciprocity when responding to kind congratulatory remarks.
Influence of pH on the synthesis of carbon spheres and the application of carbon sphere-based solid catalysts in esterification
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Wang Jing , Wang Qingyi
Published: October 2024

Size uniformity is a key challenge in the preparation of hydrothermal carbon spheres and a prerequisite for size effect research and many applications of carbon spheres. To solve the scientific problem of low uniformity due to the slow carbonization in traditional preparation of glucose carbon spheres, we propose to add acid/base catalysts to accelerate nucleation, shorten the nucleation time, and improve the size uniformity of carbon spheres. The carbon spheres prepared under base conditions versus acid conditions have higher uniformity and smaller particle size (particle size = 503 nm). This result is due to the faster accumulation of aromatic clusters, shorter nucleation time, and larger number of carbon spheres in alkaline systems. The NaOH-HCSs-based solid acid catalyst as-prepared exhibits excellent catalytic activity, and the esterification rates of levulinic acid and n-butanol maximize to 96.36%.
Ancient inequality and economic growth
Authors: Dow Gregory K.
Published: October 2024

The authors of this book are archaeologists who want to create a field they describe as ‘critical paleoeconomics’. Their quest is promising in several ways. For example, they are not averse to grand narratives and believe modern economic theory can offer insights into various features of ancient economies, including markets, trade, money and debt.
Decentralizing the School: The Necessity of Teacher Involvement in School Management
Authors: Yang Yaodong
Published: October 2024

The role of school management is to ensure that the school is run in efficient and orderly ways, providing an ideal education environment for teachers and students. Effective school management can substantially promote teacher professional development whereas flawed school management undermines the teacher’s job satisfaction and identification with the teaching career, leading to increased turnover rates (Stockard & Lehman, 2004; Tang, 2024). Also, the leadership style of the school is closely related to the students’ quality of learning, making a significant difference to their interest, motivation, and outcomes (Robinson & Gray, 2019; Yu et al., 2021). Therefore, developing legitimate school management patterns is of vital significance for educational quality enhancement.
Problem-Based Learning in Science Education: A Mixed Meta Method Study
Authors: Yaşar Mehmet Diyaddin , Batdi Veli , Kiliç Ayşe Nur , Yilmaz Zeynel Abidin
Published: October 2024

A mixed-meta analysis of research on problem-based learning in science education was the goal of this study. In this instance, document analysis utilizing the mixed-meta method—which combines meta-analysis and meta-thematic analysis procedures-was used to investigate both quantitative and qualitative data. Using CMA and MetaWin programs, studies from certain databases that fit predetermined criteria were analyzed for a meta-analysis. Of the 78 studies that were included in the study, the effect size was found to be large, with g = 0.909. It has been suggested that science education benefits from the problem-based learning approach. Within the framework of the established criteria, 15 researches based on document analysis were subjected to a meta-thematic analysis using the Maxqda program in accordance with content analysis. Codes were acquired based on specific topics. By calculating the compliance values of the relevant codes under the relevant themes, a good degree of agreement was found regarding the effects of problem-based learning in science education on academic achievement, the affective-social dimension, 21st century skills, and the negative aspects of problem-based learning in science education. The research results indicate that there is a consensus among the researchers regarding the benefits of using problem-based learning techniques in science education.
Challenges of Teacher Involvement in School Management in China
Authors: Zhou Ming
Published: October 2024

The philosophy of “participatory management” has garnered attention in a wide range of sectors. In China, research on teacher involvement in school management began in the late 20th century. The purpose of this article is to discuss the significance of teacher involvement in school management and summarize its challenges and causes in China on the basis of the existing literature, with the view to providing valuable insights for the advancement of school governance and the improvement of the quality of education in this country.
Imágenes, textos y personajes en torno a la propuesta de una ciudad ideal presentada a España en el siglo XVI
Authors: López Torrijos Rosa
Published: October 2024

En 1544 Claudio Tolomei propone a Siena la edificación de una ciudad en el Monte Argentario. En 1547 la propuesta es revisada por Pietro Cataneo y presentada a Diego Hurtado de Mendoza. Se revisa la propuesta y las relaciones de Tolomei en Roma con españoles y con el genovés Giovanni Battista Grimaldi. En 1588, cuando el territorio es español, se repite la propuesta a Felipe II desde Génova, ésta se ha conservado manuscrita y anónima en el Archivo de Estado de Génova. Se examina el texto, tres ilustraciones y la posible vinculación con Grimaldi.
Muerte de Villandrando, ¿fortuna de Velázquez?
Authors: Varela Merino Lucia
Published: October 2024

Hasta ahora, el pintor Rodrigo de Villandrando (c. 1588-1622) ha sido conocido principalmente por dos retratos de su mano conservados en el Museo del Prado y por haber sido el predecesor de Velázquez en la plaza de Pintor del Rey. A partir de un análisis en profundidad de la documentación cortesana y de la aportación de nuevos datos sobre su vida y su obra, se pretende aquí reconstruir la biografía de este artista y determinar su vinculación a la Corte, así como la relevancia que tuvo su muerte en el nombramiento de Velázquez como Pintor del Rey.