CYBERSECURITY RISK ASSESSMENT IN BANKING: METHODOLOGIES AND BEST PRACTICES
Authors: Samuel Onimisi Dawodu  , Adedolapo Omotosho  , Odunayo Josephine Akindote  , Abimbola Oluwatoyin Adegbite  , Sarah Kuzankah Ewuga  
Published: December 2023

Cybersecurity risk assessment in banking is the process of identifying, analyzing, and evaluating the cyber threats and vulnerabilities that may affect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the information systems and data of banks and their customers. Cybersecurity risk assessment in banking helps banks to prioritize and implement appropriate controls and measures to mitigate the cyber risks and to comply with the relevant regulations and standards. This study focusses on identifying effective risk assessment strategies, highlighting how they can be adapted and applied in various banking environments, especially in developing economies like Nigeria. As the banking industry continues to evolve in the digital era, the significance of robust cybersecurity measures cannot be overstated. This paper delves into the critical domain of Cybersecurity Risk Assessment in Banking, exploring various methodologies and best practices employed to safeguard financial institutions against evolving cyber threats. The dynamic landscape of cyber risks faced by banks, ranging from sophisticated malware and phishing attacks to insider threats and system vulnerabilities are examined. The paper provides an in-depth analysis of established and emerging methodologies for conducting effective cybersecurity risk assessments in the banking sector. It explores quantitative and qualitative risk assessment approaches, threat modeling, and scenario analysis, shedding light on their respective strengths and limitations. Moreover, the document highlights the importance of aligning risk assessment methodologies with industry regulations and compliance standards to ensure a comprehensive and regulatory-compliant cybersecurity framework. Best practices for cybersecurity risk management in banking are scrutinized, emphasizing the integration of proactive threat intelligence, continuous monitoring, and incident response planning. The role of advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence and machine learning, in enhancing the efficiency of risk assessment processes is also discussed. Furthermore, the paper addresses the human element in cybersecurity, emphasizing the significance of training and awareness programs to mitigate risks associated with human error and social engineering attacks. By synthesizing insights from industry practices, regulatory guidelines, and technological advancements, this paper offers a comprehensive guide for banking professionals, cybersecurity practitioners, and policymakers involved in fortifying the resilience of financial institutions against cyber threats. Ultimately, the research aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on cybersecurity risk assessment in banking, providing actionable insights to navigate the complex landscape of digital risks and ensuring the continued trust and security of the financial ecosystem.

Keywords: Cybersecurity; Risk Assessment; Banking; Methodologies; Cyber Threat; Artificial Intelligence; Best Practices