bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emerging Legal Trends on Hyperlinks and Meta-Tags
Authors: Jauhar Ameen
Published: June 2013

Hyperlinks and meta-tags form two primary tools for Website designs. They are a convenient way to generate easy and faster connectivity on the World Wide Web. Hyperlinking techniques allow a quick retrieval of information, whereas meta-tags present a summarized understanding of the content and subject matter of the Website, thereby facilitating a more accurate list for search engines. That said, content is often hyperlinked or meta-tagged without permission or for abusive purpose. This has led to an increasing scale of litigation on grounds of unfair completion, anti-trade practices, and most recently, intellectual property infringement. Whether it is the dilution of a mark or a copyright violation through an unauthorized use of a meta-tag, the Internet, for its entire boon, has invoked an unprecedented era of technological misuse for commercial exploitation. The current chapter speaks on this facet from Indian and international perspectives.
Aspects of Client Vendor Relationship and the Risks Therein
Authors: Jain Daisy Mathur
Published: June 2013

Information Technology (IT) is an ever-growing industry. It, therefore, becomes imperative to understand what it entails, the key parties involved, and their relationship, along with the various risks involved. This chapter aims to delve into the underlying concept of service in the IT industry, the service receiver (client) and the service provider (vendor), which are the key parties, and the risks involved by taking a look at the main prevalent outsourcing models. Further, it nails out the major factors that can contribute in building a lasting relationship between the client and vendor. Through extensive literature review, it is observed that several studies have focused on the risks faced by service receivers, but there are very few that mention the risks that service providers also face. This chapter examines both aspects and aims to uncover the risks that service receivers and service providers face in outsourcing engagements. In addition, many articles talk about factors involved in building client-vendor relationship; however, they lack a comprehensive list of factors that, if taken care of, can lead to successful client vendor engagements. This chapter gives a comprehensive view of the main aspects of the IT industry covering the concept of service in IT Industry, the key parties, and the risks along with aspects that build into successful client vendor relationships.
Dispute Settlement for Cyber Crimes in India
Authors: Aggarwal Rashmi
Published: June 2013

Cyber law is law of the Internet; hence, any crime on the Internet is basically cyber crime. It is committed on cyber space, but all the pre mediation is an act of individual/s, who are the perpetrators of crime with malicious intentions and commission of these acts. Cyber crimes were initially perceived as a subset of Information Technology (IT) laws, which governed the digital dissemination of both digitalized information and software. Digital information includes information security and electronic commerce. However, as the world became subservient to digitalization, cyber/Internet laws became more pronounced in their origin and are now a special branch of Internet laws. These laws include study of Internet access and usage, privacy rights, freedom of expression, and extra territorial jurisdiction issues. This chapter analyzes the cyber laws in India and raises the issues of criticality of provisions relating to dispute resolution in India.
Comparative Analysis of Major Issues Involved in IPR and Competition Policy
Authors: Dhanraj Nisha , Sharma Mamta
Published: June 2013

As IPR and competition laws share the same economic rationale, they both are crucial for the establishment of competitive and innovative market conditions. On the other hand, these two regimes are conflicting to each other, IP grants monopoly, whereas competition laws seek to undo monopolistic and restrictive trade practices. Therefore, focus has been shifted towards how these two separate regimes are complementary and conflicting to each other through their goals, how competition policy is effective on IPRs, and IPRs on competition policy. IPRs granted by patents, copyrights, and trademarks, etc. play an important role in fostering innovation and sustaining economic growth.
Towards Public Services and Process Integration
Authors: Hernández Guillermo Infante , Fuente Aquilino A. Juan , Pérez Benjamín López , Núñez-Valdéz Edward Rolando
Published: June 2013

Software platforms for e-government transactions may differ in developed functionalities, languages and technologies, hardware platforms, and operating systems that support them. Those differences can be found among public organizations that share common processes, services, and regulations. This scenario hinders interoperability between these organizations. Hence, to find a technique for integrating these platforms becomes a necessity. In this chapter, a rule-based domain-specific modeling environment for public services and process integration is suggested, which consists of common identified public service elements and a set of process integration rules. This approach provides the needed integration or interoperability pursued in this domain. Furthermore a service and process model is proposed to formalize the information needed for integration of both. A set of integration rules is also presented as part of the modeling environment. This set of integration rules completes the proposed model to meet the business requirements of this domain.
Spectrum Sensing in Emergency Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: GVK Sasirekha , Bapat Jyotsna
Published: June 2013

Ad hoc networks are infrastructure less networks which are self organizing and adaptive. Such networks can be used in emergency situations like disaster management and military applications. Usage of cognitive radios as the wireless terminals in ad hoc networks in emergency situations has distinct advantages. Better bandwidth, interoperability, avoidance of interference, and ant-jamming capabilities are a few such advantages. Ad hoc networks with cognitive radios are wireless terminals used in emergency situations and can be referred to as Emergency Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks (Emergency CRAHNs). In this chapter, the authors discuss emergency CRAHNs and the specific requirements that must be met by the spectrum sensing mechanism used by them. In particular, the authors discuss collaborative spectrum sensing methodology; where in multiple cognitive radios operate together such that reliability of spectrum sensing in improved. This collaborative sensing in ad hoc networks can be either of centralized or distributed architectures, both of which are discussed in this chapter.
Cloud Computing Based Cognitive Radio Networking
Authors: Shetty Sachin , Rawat Danda B.
Published: June 2013

This chapter describes state-of-the art techniques to improve performance of spectrum sensing and spectrum management in Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN) by leveraging services available in cloud computing platforms. CRNs are capable of adaptive learning and reconfiguration to provide consistent communications in dynamic environments. However, ensuring adaptation and learning in CRN will require availability of large volume of data and fast processing. However, the performance and security of CRN is considerably constrained by its limited power, memory and computational capacity, it may not be able to achieve its full capability. Fortunately, the advent of cloud computing has the potential to mitigate these constraints due its vast storage and computational capacity.
Security and Privacy Challenges in Cognitive Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Sen Jaydip
Published: June 2013

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted a lot of interest in the research community due to their potential applicability in a wide range of real-world practical applications. However, due to the distributed nature and their deployments in critical applications without human interventions and sensitivity and criticality of data communicated, these networks are vulnerable to numerous security and privacy threats that can adversely affect their performance. These issues become even more critical in cognitive wireless sensor networks (CWSNs) in which the sensor nodes have the capabilities of changing their transmission and reception parameters according to the radio environment under which they operate in order to achieve reliable and efficient communication and optimum utilization of the network resources. This chapter presents a comprehensive discussion on the security and privacy issues in CWSNs by identifying various security threats in these networks and various defense mechanisms to counter these vulnerabilities. Various types of attacks on CWSNs are categorized under different classes based on their natures and targets, and corresponding to each attack class, appropriate security mechanisms are also discussed. Some critical research issues on security and privacy in CWSNs are also identified.
Leveraging Technology Options for Financial Inclusion in India
Authors: Chopra Shalu , Dwivedi Rajeev , Mohan Sherry Arun
Published: June 2013

Financial services have a ubiquitous need however the urban rich have easy and universal access with wider options, compared to the low-income group who are forced to accept informal, expensive and riskier means to fulfill their financial needs. The demand and supply of financial services for the poor is imbalanced, with supply being acutely constrained by lack of viability and sustainability of current business models. Technology and IT has a pivotal role in making financial inclusion a viable reality. Technology, including information technology can enable lowering costs by increasing automation, enhancing efficiency, enabling scaling up through uniformity, consistency and security. Multiple technology choices are available to financial service providers but few have been proven yet. This paper examines technology options at the front end and back-end in detail with a critique of alternatives available for financial inclusion in Indian context.
Testing-Effort Dependent Software Reliability Model for Distributed Systems
Authors: Shatnawi Omar
Published: June 2013

Distributed systems are being developed in the context of the client-server architecture. Client-server architectures dominate the landscape of computer-based systems. Client-server systems are developed using the classical software engineering activities. Developing distributed systems is an activity that consumes time and resources. Even if the degree of automation of software development activities increased, resources are an important limitation. Reusability is widely believed to be a key direction to improving software development productivity and quality. Software metrics are needed to identify the place where resources are needed; they are an extremely important source of information for decision making. In this paper, an attempt has been made to describe the relationship between the calendar time, the fault removal process and the testing-effort consumption in a distributed development environment. Software fault removal phenomena and testing-effort expenditures are described by a non-homogenous Poisson process (NHPP) and testing-effort curves respectively. Actual software reliability data cited in literature have been used to demonstrate the proposed model. The results are fairly encouraging.
The Effect of Natural Clays Catalysts on Thermal Degradation of a Plastic Waste Mixture
Authors: Filip Miuţa , Pop Aurelia , Perhaiţa Ioana , Trusca Roxana , Rusu Tiberiu
Published: June 2013

The thermal and catalytic degradation of a plastic wastes mixtures using two types of natural clays catalysts has been carried out in order to obtaining liquid oils with potential use in the chemical industry. Thus, the polymer waste mixture (PWM) of polystyrene (PS), poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) were thermally degraded at 420 °C in absence and presence of studied catalysts in mass ratio 1:10, catalyst/PWM. The catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) for determined the structural and textural properties. The degradation of plastic wastes produces gases, liquids and solid residue products. The effect of the catalyst types on the yields and distribution of end-products obtained by thermal and catalytic degradation of mixed plastic waste has been studied. The yields of liquid oils fractions were calculated between 54.98 wt.% and 62.18 wt.%. The liquids and solid products were analyzed by different analytical techniques: gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and/or FTIR, in order to establish the chemical compositions. The GC-MS results showed that the liquid products contain in principal monoaromatic compounds like styrene, toluene, ethylbenzene or α-methylstyrene. The FTIR and UV-Vis spectra of products indicated the specific vibration bands or transitions between electronic energy levels of the functional groups of the constituent compounds.
Voltage Dip Detection in Noisy Environments Using Tracking Filters
Authors: Molnar-Matei Florin
Published: June 2013

Due of its significant economical impact, voltage dip analysis is an important domain today. Monitoring these phenomena (also called sags) require powerful techniques. Digital Signal Processing (DSP) algorithms are currently employed to fulfill this task. One of the possible algorithms is the αβγ filter. Discovered and tested during the cold war, this algorithm can estimate a parameter of interest one-step-ahead based on the previously observed values. In previous work, this filter revealed very good performance in the absence of noise. However, noise is present in every technical environment. This paper examines the dip detection performance using the above mentioned tracking filter in a noisy environment.
The Impact of Site Characteristics on the Development of Wind Turbines, as Sources of Recoverable Energy
Authors: Pohrib Dana Madalina , Stanciu Anghel , Lungu Irina
Published: June 2013

For the design of wind turbines it is necessary to consider several conditions such as: wind, turbulence, temperature variations, geology and characteristics of foundation soils on site, earthquake and neighborhood restrictions. The selection of the types and dimensions of the wind turbines foundations are dependent on the geotechnical conditions, the maximum power of turbines and the type of tower. This paper presents various tower structures correlated with the corresponding types of foundations currently used for wind turbines. For this research, the authors performed a variety of analyses and studies involving different characteristics of the locations for the wind turbines. The research shows the solutions obtained for the pile foundations and their impact upon the environment. The paper points out the influence of the pile length on the slope stability as resulted for the soil stratification from the investigated locations.
Influence of Material Property Variability on the Thickness in Sheet Metal Subjected to the Hydraulic Bulging
Authors: Lazarescu Lucian , Banabic Dorel
Published: June 2013

In the sheet metal forming processes, the inherent unavoidable noise in material property, which can vary inside and between batches as well as between suppliers, constitutes an important source of uncertainty which could result in rejection of some formed parts. In the process design phase, a successful tool for the sensitivity analysis proved to be the finite element codes, in which case the material parameters are used as input into the yield criterion. This paper investigates the thickness sensitivity due to the noise in material property using the finite element simulation of hydraulic bulge test. The BBC 2005 yield criterion with eight constitutive parameters, which is implemented in the commercially finite element code AutoForm has been used in this study.
Electrochemical Degradation of Pharmaceutical Compounds as Tetracycline in Aqueous Solution with BDD Electrode
Authors: Brinzila Carmen , Ciríaco Lurdes , Pacheco Maria Jose , Lopes Ana , Ciobanu Romeo Cristian
Published: June 2013

Antibiotics named tetracycline (TC) are the most popular group of pharmaceutical compounds used in therapeutic purpose in human and veterinary medicine and in aquaculture, due to their characteristics as broad spectrum antibiotic. The tetracyclines are a group of natural and semisynthetic products that are bacteriostatic agents with activity against a wide variety of organisms, but of limited use today because of acquired resistance. Even at low concentrations, tetracycline and its metabolites may have a negative influence on the environment. Tetracycline is weakly metabolized or absorbed into the body, some of the ingested antibiotic being eliminated through urine and feces directly into the environment as most of the primarily unchanged form or secondary compounds. Nowadays tetracycline residues can be detected in surface water that was discharged from municipal wastewater treatment plants and agricultural drained. In this study, the degradation of tetracycline and the influence of experimental parameters (initial pH, initial concentration, different flow velocity (mL/s), solution temperature (°C), current intensity (mA)) on electrochemical degradation with BDD electrode were evaluated. The following parameters were analyzed for the samples collected during the electrochemical assays in electrochemical cell with stirrier and BDD/stainless steel electrodes: Chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon, nitrogen (total Kjeldhal, organic and inorganic), HPLC and UV-Visible absorption spectrophotometry.
Design and Performance Analysis of an Integrated Starter-Alternator for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Authors: Jurca Florin Nicolae , Hangiu Radu Petru , Martis Claudia
Published: June 2013

In automotive applications, the requirements for the electrical machines are about performance and reliability - the permanent magnet synchronous machines ensure these requirements are fulfilled. The approach of the present paper is to analyze the permanent synchronous machines suited for the integrated starter-alternator (ISA) applications. The study design requires some analytical, followed by a numerical analysis and also a finite element method in order to achieve the performances of the machine. The operation modes of an ISA system and the constraints for an electric machine acting as an ISA are detailed. Finally a model for a ISA hybrid vehicle, developed in AMESim is presented and the results of a simulated drive cycle are presented.
The Synchronization of Two Metriplectic Systems Arisen from the Lü System
Authors: Pop Camelia
Published: June 2013

The concept of the metriplectic system was introduced in 1980s by Kaufman (see [). These have important applications in a lot of different mathematical fields, in fluid mechanics or information security. Beginning with the Hamilton-Poisson realization of the Lü system (see [ for details) we construct the associated metriplectic system by adding a dissipation term of a special form. Then, using Pecora and Carroll method, we discuss the synchronization of the two coupled metriplectic systems. In the last part we present an example where the synchronization is used.
Research Concerning the Springback Prediction in the Bending Operations
Authors: Serban Florica Mioara , Bâlc Nicolae , Achimas Gheorghe , Ciprian Cristea
Published: June 2013

Nowadays firms are required to obtain high quality products in order to increase their competitiveness. The time required to obtain a new product is also essential to fight the concurrence. For manufacturers of bent parts, accurate prediction of the springback is very important. Therefore, this paper investigates the applicability of artificial neural networks (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to predict the springback in the free cylindrical bending process of metallic sheets. The finite element method (FEM) was used to simulate the springback in the free cylindrical bending process and the results were used as training data for ANN and ANFIS. The finite element results were validated by comparison with experimental data. Statistic criteria were used to evaluate the performance of the developed ANN and ANFIS models. It was found that the predictions are in good agreement with the FEM data.
A 3D Approach to Co-Occurrence Matrix Features Used in Dynamic Textures Indexing
Authors: Mocofan Muguras , Radu Vasiu
Published: June 2013

The area of applications of dynamic texture is increasingly wide: video surveillance, transaction systems, medical application and video synthesis. The paper presents an indexing model in large databases of dynamics texture using the co-occurrence matrix features. The data from the video sequence that represents the dynamic texture are loaded in a 3D matrix. The application of the co-occurrence matrix is performed for each frame of the data parallelepiped covered in 3 directions. This enables/facilitates the integration of the temporal features of the dynamic texture in the mathematical description of the behaviour. Additionally, we use more translations to compute the indexing vector from the 2D+T space of dynamic textures.
Optimization of a Multi-Touch Sensing Device for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Crisan Septimiu , Tarnovan Ioan Gavril
Published: June 2013

Multi-touch systems are redefining the natural user interface paradigm and their applications can be found ranging from mobile phones, tablets and screens to the control of industrial facilities. While the concepts of multiple touch sensing are not new, there are still large unexplored areas regarding optimization of the user experience for various industrial or medical applications. Along with the ability to detect and process simultaneous touches and gestures, large scale multi-touch devices offer collaborative work along with user-selective content management systems features rarely used in dedicated medical visualization or sensing multi-touch software applications. Based on previous research concerning multi-touch systems and their potential usefulness in the medical field, this paper describes the optimization process of a multi-touch sensing device for biomedical applications. Three important layers of a multi-touch device were chosen as candidates for optimization: sensing, data manipulation and visualization. The results were applied to a prototype optical touch system developed for multi-user/multi-touch environments and several hardware and software modifications were designed and implemented. Since the goal of this research was to explore ways to enhance the user experience in multi-touch applications the conclusions derived from this paper can be extended to other domains where concurrent visualization and processing of information are vital components.
Prefrontal Cortex Magnetic Stimulation, a Simulation Analysis
Authors: Curta Catalin , Crisan Septimiu , Ciupa Radu V.
Published: June 2013

The presented work aims to elucidate where stimulation occurs in the brain during transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), taking into account cortical geometry. A realistic computer model of TMS was developed comprising a stimulation coil and the human cortex. The coil was positioned over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (right DLPFC) and the distribution of the induced electric field was analyzed. A computer simulation was constructed, where the coil is positioned at an angle of 450relative to the sagittal plane. The results highlight the influence of cortical geometry on the distribution of the electric field in the brain and show that the highest values are not obtained directly under the center of the stimulator.
Fuzzy Control Approach to Reconfigurable Manufacturing System Involving Equipment Representation
Authors: Sun Heng , Cai Shu Bin , Massawe Richard Happson Joseph
Published: June 2013

The reconfigurable manufacturing system is a cost-effective system that can accommodate a variety of equipments required by customers. However, because of the surprisingly increasing volume and semantically fuzzy nature of the equipment information, one of the main difficulties to realize efficient equipment reconfiguration is the lack of effective equipment representation technologies and semantic description methods. In this paper, a fuzzy ontology model is proposed for storing semantic concepts in the reconfigurable manufacturing system. To discuss fuzzy inference mechanism has indicated that the fuzzy ontology-based method can promote productivity of the reconfigurable manufacturing system.
The CFD Simulation Analysis on Flow Field of Array Ultrasonic Atomizing Nozzle Coating System
Authors: Wu Yu Lieh , Li Szo Tso , Liu Wang Lin , Lin Pei Kun
Published: June 2013

This study aims at the array ultrasonic nozzle sprayed atomization flow field on flat plate, and uses different design and operating parameter combinations to analyze the distribution of spray flow field, the analytic results can be used to improve the flat plate coating performance of the array ultrasonic nozzle spraying equipment. The simulation analysis results will be compared and validated by practical spray coating experiment, so as to determine the reliability of simulation to implement the spray flow field simulation technique for large area uniform spray coating. The mean error value is less than 24%, proving that the simulation results have certain feasibility and accuracy.
Research on the Stratified Charge Control of the Nitrogen-Enriched Intake Air
Authors: Che Xian Da , Jin Ying Ai , Xing Yun Long , Gao Qing
Published: June 2013

Nitrogen-enriched intake air (NEA) can reduce the formation of NOx by inhibiting the combustion temperature in cylinder. This paper discusses the research progress on engines using NEA. The result indicates that nitrogen-enriched air can reduce engine NOx emissions remarkably. Besides, this paper analyzes the basic characteristics of the stratified charge control of the nitrogen-enriched intake air. In order to optimize the nitrogen stratification charge, a new nitrogen direct injection engine of stratified charge has been designed.
Vehicle Damper Production Process Analysis and Improvement
Authors: Dong Shi Cheng , Ma Lix Xn , Li Dan Ting
Published: June 2013

Through the process analysis of vehicle damper which involved methods of IE(Industrial Engineering), we can find work load imbalanced procedures. In that way, it changed process procedure, shorten the distance in logistics transportation, changed the chaotic production field. At the same time, we used process analysis and production analysis on the key operation, reallocated word and improved arrangement of work field [, laid off unnecessary works, shortened the working time and production cycle. As a result, the working intensity is reduced.
Swarm Robots Hunting Behavior Based on Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Yang Ping , Zhang Bin , Li Cui Ming , Xia Ping
Published: June 2013

According to unknown environment for swarm robots hunting problem to study, grid modeling method is to be used. And give 4 roles to the robots in the hunting process. Analysis swarm robots motion control strategy, to ensure hunting points. Formulate the move path with particle swarm optimization, and find out the optimal path to the hunting points. Simulation results show that the particle swarm algorithm combined with hunting process strategy feasibility and effectiveness.
Pistol Ring Gap Inspection under Free State Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Wang Gui Tang , Yu Mei Ling
Published: June 2013

The traditional way is to put the ring into the standard ring gauge to inspect, but the process of this kind of method is complex, high cost and slow. The study has put forward a detection method based on machine vision technology for pistol ring under free state as the existing defects in inspecting ring gap. Pistol ring is imaged under free conditions. Edge detection technologies, sub-pixel and Gaussian filter, have been effectively adopted to extract the contour of pistol ring. Then perform curve fitting in section to work out the gap length of each segment when pistol is circle. From the experiment, methods in this study are pertinent to the number of the segments. Proper segments can ensure gap length can be rightly calculated out when meeting the required accuracy. Sub-pixel edge detection is proposed in the application of piston ring detection in this study, and it improved the previous algorithm toimprove the efficiency ,reduced the process complexity, saved the cost.
Design of Technical Information Management System for Machine Tool Workbench
Authors: Xiu Peng Bo , Zhang Tian Le
Published: June 2013

Machine workbench is a key parts of CNC machine tool. Taking into account the demand of machine tool factory for machine workbench technical information management, the management database system of machine workbench technical information is developed by Microsoft Access software. This system can save the type and specification information of the machine workbenches and the technical drawings, record the experience of the workbenches, produce the summary table of the major technical parameters and form the application information automatically, and provide the information and data support for the design and manufacture of CNC machine tools. As a result, the information database is integrated efficiently for the CNC machine tool manufactory.
Analysis on GNSS Receiver with the Principles of Signal and Information
Authors: Guo Li Shu , Li Xu You , Kong Xiao Ying
Published: June 2013

In the paper, principles of signal and information were introduced to the design of GNSS receiver. Analyze Antenna and radio frequency (RF) front-end with the perspective of transmission link, Understand the baseband processing though signal modulate and demodulate, design the navigation calculation utilized the information pick-up and disposal, and research the receiver system by the inherent connection between signal and information. New ways and means would be developed though these researches.
Research on Design of Inner-Climbing Tower Crane Supporting System
Authors: Zhu Chun Xia , Gu Sheng Qing , Jin Jiu Fu
Published: June 2013

Safety is essential for tower cranes in construction engineering, as the inner-climbing tower crane is widely used in the construction of high-rise structures, design safety, reliability and support system which can be turnover is an important prerequisite for protecting the safety of construction. By understanding the interrelationships between construction environment of Henglong Plaza Twin Towers in Shenyang city and ZSL2700 tower, the article will analyse the support system for the project. It mainly uses finite element analysis software ANSYS which can create mechanical status of modeling to analyzing the supporting structure. It can guarantee the structures rationality and the security reliability.
Project Summary
Shenyang municipal government square tower engineering which building height is 350.6m has the underground layer 4 and the ground 70 layer. The office building has used the frame core tube structure system. The outside frame is composed by the square shape section coagulation earth pyramid and the peripheral steel girder. The rectangular core tube was the reinforced concrete, while in the core tube outer wall has established some steel pole. This project adopt two boom tower cranes from Zhongsheng construct machine company (Nanjing).The first number tower crane is ZSL750, which maximum torque is 750tm; the second number tower cranes is ZSL2700. This paper takes the ZSL2700 tower crane as an object, studying this machines stressful condition of attachment system. The ZSL2700 tower cranes most high-torque is 2600tm, pitching arm angle ranges 85-65 .The maximum lifting load is 100t. The biggest hoisting up scope is 55m, which lifting load is 37.6t.When the crane surpasses the permission lifting load or the hoisting up moment of force, PLC can break the power implementation protection automatically. The tower machine need carry on 19 climbs in the construction process.
Fig. 1 Two tower crane installation location diagram
How Atmospheric Large Eddies Transport Domestic Cook Stove Emissions over Slums: A Chennai City Case Study
Authors: Sathish Kumar C.R. , Chandramouli Pranav , Samaddar Arkayan , Sharma Anuj , Saini Ishan , Ghosh Satyajit
Published: June 2013

The remit of mechanical engineering extends well beyond machines. Mechanical engineering theories have diverse applications the transport and distribution of particulate matter into a turbulent boundary layer involves a systematic application of fluid mechanics. In this paper, we have used fluid mechanical models accompanied by experimental observations to study how turbulent eddies transport and distribute cook stove emissions over slums in the megacity Chennai - the Detroit of India. It is home to 8 million people and is a manufacturing hub with a propensity to release a variety of suspended particulate matter mixed with marine aerosols transported from the Bay of Bengal. Of these 8 million, about 2 million live in slums-these impoverished slum dwellers comprise of Chennais huge unskilled work force. Our study revealed that they primarily use cow dung cakes and unseasoned wood to cook, releasing a huge amount of particulate matter up to radii of 10 microns (PM10). A scanning electron micro-graphy ascertained the drop size distribution ensuring that the majority of these particles were small enough for them to be easily transported by boundary layer eddies the latter are simulated using the United Kingdom Met Office Large Eddy Simulation Model. It is observed that the large eddies are spread over alternating up and down draughts with maximum vertical velocity perturbations of the order of 1 ms-1, which is significantly higher than the Stokesian still air settling rates of suspended particles. Whilst remaining aloft, they act as cloud condensation nuclei and thence grow into cloud droplets. The large cloud covers over Chennai city can be linked to this latter effect. Chennais hot and humid atmosphere ensures that these droplets collide within the cloud topped turbulent boundary layer to trigger a process of stochastic coalescence and subsequent rain showers.
The Mode and Key Technology of Battery Quick Change Research for Electric Commercial Vehicle
Authors: Yang Qin , Zhao Hui Liang , Yan Ai Zheng , Zhao Guan Hao , Luo Sheng Zhao
Published: June 2013

Based on the current situation and development trend of domestic electric commercial vehicle, we research the mode and the key technology of battery quick change, analyze and compare the three common mode, then put forward a half automatic electric mode which is low cost and high flexibility, accordingly, it can adapt to the current electric car battery quick change development requirements, thus to provide a reference for battery quick change station infrastructure construction planning, and to provide the foundation to improve the battery quick change technology.
Effect of Load-Relieving Structure against Overload under High Overload
Authors: Ning Quan Li , Li Jun , Chen Dong , Wang Gao Peng
Published: June 2013

Three-dimensional visco-elastic lame deformation incremental constitutive equation is derived based on Total Lagrangian method, and structural dynamical response distribution in the grain during launching is simulated numerically by finite element method under high load condition for projectile-based equipment, the equivalent stress in the bottom of load-relieving structure and the Y-displacement in the top of load-relieving structure are calculated. The results show that the stress is ameliorated after the function of load-relieving subassembly, and it can decrease impact. Also Y-displacement is accord with limit request, and when reaching the maximum, the transmutation will be comeback.
Method Study to Determine Tighten Torque of Thread Fasteners
Authors: Chen Ting Zhi , Mo Yi Min
Published: June 2013

To meet the operating requirements and give full play to the efficiency of thread fasteners, a method to calculate tighten torque was developed on the basis of pre-tightening force-torque characteristic curve. Compared the traditional method depended on empirical values, the method proposed in the paper can not only consider the theoretical analysis, but also combine experiment results. Through calculating the tighten torque of a car engines bearing bolts by pre-tightening force-torque characteristic curve method, and comparing the results and the practical torque value, it demonstrates that the pre-tightening force-torque characteristic curve method can develop more efficiency of the bolt.
Simulation on Cutting Temperature during High-Speed Milling Aluminum Alloy 7055
Authors: Tan Liang , Yao Chang Feng , Zuo Wei , Wu Dao Xia
Published: June 2013

To optimize the parameters of high-speed milling of aluminum alloy 7055 and provide a theoretical basis for cutting temperature control, a finite element model of high-speed milling process of aluminum alloy 7055 was developed with AdvantEdge. Based on these models, the effect of milling parameters on cutting temperature is investigated by single factor experiments. And the temperature distribution of workpiece and cutting tool is predicted. The results show that the highest temperature occurs at close to the tool tip in the rack face, the temperature increases with an increase in cutting speed and feed per tooth, while other parameters have a less significant effect on cutting temperature.
Dynamic Responses for Rails and Panels of Electromagnetic Rail Launcher in the Electromagnetic Forces
Authors: He Wei , Bai Xiang Zhong
Published: June 2013

The mechanical model for rails and panels of rectangle electromagnetic rail launcher under working condition were simplified as dynamic responses of bi-layer elastic foundation beams. The electromagnetic forces make rails and panels vibrate, which directly affects the launching accuracy. The mechanical equilibrium equation of bi-layer elastic foundations beams was established in this article, and the distributed loads related to armature movement were expressed by Heaviside function. The modes of vibration were given by the boundary conditions. Based on the above results, the dynamic displacement and stress analytical solutions for rails and panels were given by solving homogeneous and nonhomogeneous equation. Dynamic responses of rails and panels were calculated and analyzed against the due kinetic and structure parameters, and the analytical solutions were verified by the comparison with ANSYS results. The research results can be some reference to strength and rigidity design for rails and panels of rectangle electromagnetic rail launcher.
Engineering Vehicle ABS Model Reference Self-Adaptive Control Strategy Analysis and Simulation
Authors: Zhang Zhen Sheng , Luo Yong Qian , Wei He
Published: June 2013

Taking the wheel slip-ratio as a control object, the basic theory of fuzzy control is analyzed, the fuzzy controller of ABS is constructed, and the model reference fuzzy adaptive control algorithm is also adopted, the simulation of ABS characteristic is performed under three different road surface conditions. Simulation results show that the simulations to model reference adaptive control are feasible and vehicle can brake at the optimal slip-ratio on different surfaces. The safety performance required by ABS is realized.
Analysis on Dynamic Contact Force in High Power Density Gear Transmission Based on Flexible Model
Authors: Feng Hai Sheng , Wang Li Qin , Zheng De Zhi , Gu Le
Published: June 2013

Recently, most of researchers pay more attention to the flexible model for solving dynamic contact force in high power density gear transmission. But, the detailed formula of the contact force parameters is not given. Therefore, in this paper the detailed calculation of coefficient of restitution (COR) is proposed, which can solve the elastoplastic contact deformation problems compared with other method. To improve the simulation efficiency, a flexible model based on ADAMS and Hertzian theory is presented. According to the simulation results, the normal contact force of the flexible model is much higher than that of the rigid model in plastic contact deformation. Meanwhile, the normal contact force delay exists in flexible model compared with rigid model. At last, the flexible model simulation results are close to the theoretical result in steady state. Consequently, the flexible model can be applied to analyze dynamic characteristic in reasonable time and many revolutions of the high power density gear transmission.
Mesh Partition Based Explicit Integration Method for Dynamic Structure FEA
Authors: Li Da Ping , Hu Yan Chao
Published: June 2013

A mesh partition based explicit integration method for dynamic structure FEA is proposed in this article. With this method, the whole finite element mesh is partitioned into several zones according to the elements increment feature size, and then variable time increments are applied to the mesh zones for explicit integration while the parameter transfer and interpolation is performed over the interfaces to ensure the continuity. This method has the capability of boost the analysis efficiency without much precision loss to the analysis results of interested zones, which is proven by some 2D analysis examples.
A Wall Climbing Robot Based on the Improved Electro Adhesion Technology
Authors: Guo Jin Chao , Dai Guang Hui , Cui Guang Chao
Published: June 2013

Electro adhesion is a novel adhesion technology, offering a new method for the designing of adhesion type of climbing robot. In this paper, an improved electro adhesion technology is put forward, using ERG (Electro Rheological Gel) as the insulating layer of electrode array. Experiments show that the adhesion force is enhanced by using ERG and the electrode array has self-cleaning function to some extent. Finally, a climbing robot was developed and it can climb kinds of walls (such as wood, glass and concrete), which proves the effectiveness of the improved electro adhesion technology.
Research on Running Stability of the Rail Vehicle Based on SIMPACK
Authors: Wang Li Hua , Huang An Ning , Liu Guang Wei
Published: June 2013

There are higher requirements on running stability of the rail vehicle with the incensement of the running speed. The running stability is one of the important indicators of evaluating the dynamic performance of the rail vehicle. In this paper, the whole multi-body dynamic model of the rail vehicle was proposed based on the theory of multi-body dynamics in the software of Simpack. And the lateral and vertical vibrate accelerations of the rail vehicle were simulated when it was inspired by the track irregularities. Then the running stabilities of the rail vehicle were estimated accurately. This will propose basis on the improving design and optimization design of the whole rail vehicle.
Reduce the Number of Anti-Hunting Dampers in High-Speed Train by Optimal Design of Wheel Profile
Authors: Man Li Wen , Zhang Ji Min
Published: June 2013

As the speed of high-speed train become more and more fast, anti-hunting damper become a must to high-speed train which can increase the critical speed of the train effectively. Now some kind of high-speed train operating at the speed of 300km/h has installed four anti-hunting dampers for every bogie. As the number of anti-hunting dampers increased, the probability of anti-hunting dampers failure is also increased. This paper will increase the critical speed of the high-speed train up to 300km/h by optimal design of wheel profile, which can drop the number of anti-hunting dampers per bogie from four to two meanwhile.
Research on the Vortex Structures of Flow around Surface-Mounted Obstcales
Authors: Chen Shan Qun , Liao Bin
Published: June 2013

The large eddy simulation (LES) method was employed to compute the flow past three types of obstacles on slope surface. The predictions give profile of mean velocity and flow reattachment length. The calculations in present paper are in good agreement with the experimental data. Wake characteristics are analyzed. The computational results show that the horseshoe vortex are formatted at upstream base of obstacles. The wake flow is controlled by the downwash flow on the free end, as well as, the upwash flow in the wake disappears completely. With the angle between the leeward side and the bottom becomes larger, the length of the vortex separation becomes larger, and the scope of vortices greater. The large eddy simulation can obtain almost all the flow pattern observed by the experiments.
Calculation Method of Lubricant Film Pressure Distribution of Axial Piston Pump Slippers
Authors: Wang Ya Jun
Published: June 2013

A method is implemented to get the pressure distribution of the axial piston pump slipper. Slipper was seen as translating thrust bearing, taking slipper tilt and spin in account, based on finite volume method, hydrodynamic and hydrostatic pressure has been calculated by using the mass conservation principle. For a representative element volume, the difference flow was averaged by the difference flow between the tilting planes, and the shearing flow by slipper translating was averaged by the shearing flow between the tilting planes. The numerical calculating result based two liquid resistance assume was compared, the results showed that two methods have got the same pressure distribution schematics, and the high pressure area locates at the slipper titling direction, but for the pressure values at high pressure area, the second method is slightly higher than the first method, and that the higher pump speed were, the higher the pressure values, and at the same pump speed, the slipper spin speed affects slightly the pressure, and at the lower pump speed, the lubricant pressure tends to the hydrostatic lubrication.
Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Model Study on Stability of a Crack Rotor System
Authors: Wang Feng Lan
Published: June 2013

In this paper, the single disk rotor system with a transverse open and close crack has been taken as an example; square wave function has been adopted to express opening and closing characteristics of a transverse crack. The stability on the system has been discussed by theoretical analysis and experimental model study. The conclusions have shown that the unstable vibrations are found in the regions near the rotational speed at 2/3, 2/5and 2/7 of the critical speed in the large crack and the small damping case. The influence of some factors such as the crack depth and the damping on stability of the system is qualitatively discussed.
Design of NDR-Based Oscillators Suitable for the Nano-Based BiCMOS Technique
Authors: Gan Kwang Jow , Jiang Zheng Jie , Tsai Cher Shiung , Chan Din Yuen , Huang Jian Syong , Kao Zhen Kai , Yeh Wen Kuan
Published: June 2013

We present three oscillator designs using the negative-differential-resistance (NDR) circuit which is composed of several Si-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOS) devices and one SiGe-based heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) devices. These oscillator circuits are composed of the NDR circuit, resistor, inductor, and capacitor. The oscillation frequencies are about several GHz based on the HSPICE simulation results. The circuits are designed using a standard 0.18 μm BiCMOS technique. Because our circuits are mainly made of a BiCMOS-NDR circuit that is different from a tradition NDR device made by a resonant tunneling diode with a quantum-well structure, we can utilize the nanobased BiCMOS process to implement these circuits by further improving the parameters.