bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Image Classification for Quantifying Mitochondrial Morphology
Using Deep Learning
Authors: Sugimori Hiroyuki , Tsutsumi Kaori , Tokunaga Keima , Saito Shun , Sasase Tatsuya
Published: July 2022

Background:

Mitochondrial morphology reversibly changes between fission and fusion.
As these changes (mitochondrial dynamics) reflect the cellular condition, they are one of the simplest
indicators of cell state and predictors of cell fate. However, it is currently difficult to classify
them using a simple and objective method.

Objective:

The present study aimed to evaluate mitochondrial morphology using Deep Learning
(DL) technique.

Methods:

Mitochondrial images stained by MitoTracker were acquired from HeLa and MC3T3-E1
cells using fluorescent microscopy and visually classified into four groups based on fission or fusion.
The intra- and inter-rater reliabilities for visual classification were excellent [(ICC(1,3), 0.961
for rater 1; and 0.981 for rater 2) and ICC(1,3), respectively]. The images were divided into test and
train images, and a 50-layer ResNet CNN architecture (ResNet-50) using MATLAB software was
used to train the images. The datasets were trained five times based on five-fold cross-validation.

Result:

The mean of the overall accuracy for classifying mitochondrial morphology was 0.73±0.10
in HeLa. For the classification of mixed images containing two types of cell lines, the overall accuracy
using mixed images of both cell lines for training was higher (0.74±0.01) than that using different
cell lines for training.

Conclusion:

We developed a classifier to categorize mitochondrial morphology using DL.
Identification of Candidate Immune System MicroRNAs Differentially
Found in Colostrum and Milk Exosomes
Authors: Verma Poonam , Mohanty Niharika , Pruseth Babita , Sahoo Sonali , Katiyar Amit , Singh Harpreet , Jena Saubhagya Kumar , Das Rashmi Ranjan , Som Tapas Kumar , Sahoo Sanjeeb Kumar , Nanda Pranati , Ghosh Amit
Published: July 2022

Background:

The fetus grows in a sterile womb environment. After birth, the newborn
immune system has two immediate hurdles to clear. First immediate suppression of the womb compatible
immune system and turn on the immune system of the newborn that can counter the antigenic
world. The underlying mechanism of immune fluctuation by milk microRNAs (miRNAs) can be
crucial for the treatment of critical or premature newborn.

Methods:

We collected fourteen samples of each colostrum and mature milk from lactating mothers,
four samples of each were used for microarray analysis, and the other ten were used for miRNA
expression profiling by real-time PCR.

Results:

From the microarray, 154 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, whereas 49
miRNAs were revealed as immune-related miRNAs based on a literature study. Among the 49
miRNAs, 33 were already shown as strongly validated immune-related miRNAs (validated by
qPCR, Western Blot, and Luciferase assay) and were considered for further analysis. Twenty-two
miRNA expressions were analysed by real-time PCR as their Ct values were within considerable
limits. Twelve numbers of miRNAs were significantly downregulated in mature milk compared to
colostrum, which were again subjected to bioinformatics analysis to predict the biological mechanisms
behind the differentially expressed miRNAs.

Conclusion:

This study shed light on the human milk exosome miRNA expression dynamics during
lactation and their possible role in the gradual skewing of the newborns' immune system. The information
is crucial for the development and onset of sepsis in premature newborns in the NICU.
Musculoskeletal Disorders, Pain and Fatigue among String and Wind Music Students
Authors: Che Daud Ahmad Zamir Che Che Daud , Fauzi Nadiah , Mohamad Sabri Mohamad Qayum , Tomori Kounosuke
Published: July 2022

Music students are more likely to get Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs), fatigue, and pain. However, limited studies compared MSDs, pain and fatigue between different types of musical instrument players. This study compared MSDs, pain, and fatigue among music students who play wind and string instruments. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a group of music students in one of the universities in Malaysia. No statistical differences in pain and fatigue were found, but more wind players experience MSD at the wrist and hand than string players. Therefore, students who play string instruments should be more watchful with MSD symptoms.
Keywords: Musical instruments, pain, fatigue, musculoskeletal disorder
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i20.3457
High SLC20A1 Expression Is Associated With Poor Prognosis for Radiotherapy of Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer
Authors: ONAGA CHOTARO , TAMORI SHOMA , MATSUOKA IZUMI , OZAKI AYAKA , MOTOMURA HITOMI , NAGASHIMA YUKA , SATO TSUGUMICHI , SATO KEIKO , TAHATA KOUJI , XIONG YUYUN , NAKANO YOSHIO , MANO YASUNARI , MIYAZAKI SATORU , SASAKI KAZUNORI , OHNO SHIGEO , AKIMOTO KAZUNORI
Published: July 2022

Background/Aim: Radiotherapy is one of the main treatments for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. However, in some ER+ breast cancer cases, radiotherapy is insufficient to inhibit progression and there is a lack of markers to predict radiotherapy insensitivity. Solute carrier family 20 member 1 (SLC20A1) is a sodium/inorganic phosphate symporter, which has been proposed to be a viable prognostic marker for luminal A and B types of ER+ breast cancer. The present study examined the possibility of SLC20A1 as a novel biomarker for the prediction of radiotherapy efficiency. Patients and Methods: The Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium dataset was downloaded from cBioportal and the prognosis of patients with high SLC20A1 expression (SLC20A1high) was compared with that of patients with low SLC20A1 expression, without or with radiotherapy and tumor stages I, II, and III, using the Kaplan–Meier method and multivariate Cox regression analyses of disease-specific and relapse-free survival. Results: Patients in the SLC20A1high group with radiotherapy showed poor clinical outcomes in both luminal A and luminal B breast cancers. Furthermore, in luminal A breast cancer at tumor stage I, patients in the SLC20A1high group with radiotherapy also showed poor clinical outcomes. Therefore, these results suggest that radiotherapy is insufficient for patients in the SLC20A1high group for both luminal A and B types, and especially for the luminal A type at tumor stage I. Conclusion: SLC20A1 can be used as a prognostic marker for the prediction of the efficacy of radiotherapy for luminal A and luminal B breast cancers.
Early Predictive Factors for Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula After Distal Pancreatectomy for Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: FUKADA MASAHIRO , MURASE KATSUTOSHI , HIGASHI TOSHIYA , YOKOI RYOMA , TANAKA YOSHIHIRO , OKUMURA NAOKI , MATSUHASHI NOBUHISA , TAKAHASHI TAKAO , YOSHIDA KAZUHIRO
Published: July 2022

Background/Aim: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most serious complication of distal pancreatectomy (DP). When POPF occurs and becomes severe, it causes secondary complications and leads to a longer treatment period. This study aimed to identify early predictive factors of POPF after DP for pancreatic cancer (PC). Patients and Methods: This retrospective, single-institution study comprised of 55 patients with PC who underwent DP between 2010 and 2021 at the Gifu University Hospital. We statistically analyzed pre-, intra-, and post-operative factors to identify early predictive factors for POPF. Results: According to the definition and grading of the International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula (ISGPF), 12 (21.8%) of 55 patients had POPF grades B and C. In the univariate analysis, POPF was significantly associated with the pancreas-to-muscle signal intensity ratio on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (SIR on T1-w MRI), the drainage fluid amylase (D-Amy) levels on postoperative day 3 (POD3), C-reactive protein (CRP) on POD3, and heart rate on POD3. In multivariate analysis, pancreas-to-muscle SIR on T1-w MRI [>1.37; odds ratio (OR)=17.08; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.64-598.16; p=0.02], D-Amy levels on POD3 (>1,200 U/l; OR=20.00; 95% CI=1.73-563.83; p=0.02) and heart rate on POD3 (>100 bpm; OR=15.33; 95% CI=1.53-258.45; p=0.02) were identified as independent early predictive factors. Conclusion: Preoperative pancreas-to-muscle SIR on T1-w MRI and postoperative D-Amy levels and heart rate significantly correlated with POPF after DP for PC. Postoperative management based on these predictive factors may improve the postoperative course.
Psychometric Properties of the COVID-19 Pandemic Fatigue Scale: Cross-sectional Online Survey Study
Authors: Rodriguez-Blazquez Carmen , Romay-Barja Maria , Falcon Maria , Ayala Alba , Forjaz Maria João
Published: July 2022

Background

Pandemic fatigue is defined as feelings of demotivation to follow preventive measures against COVID-19, together with decreased trust in government and frequency of information-seeking behaviors.

Objective

This study aims to analyze the psychometric properties of the COVID-19–specific pandemic fatigue scale according to classical test theory (CTT) and Rasch model approaches in the general Spanish population.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study in a representative sample of 1018 adults who completed an online survey in November 2020 in the framework of the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO)-Spain project. The assessments included the 6-item COVID-19 Pandemic Fatigue Scale (CPFS) and other COVID-19–related variables: COVID-19 infection, adherence to preventive behaviors, information-seeking behavior, self-efficacy, worry, and cognitive and affective risk perception. Data quality, acceptability, reliability, and validity were analyzed according to CTT, and the fit to the Rasch model, unidimensionality, appropriateness of the response scale, item local independency, reliability (person-separation index [PSI]), and item-person distribution were also calculated.

Results

The mean CPFS score was 17.06 (SD 5.04, range 6-30), with higher scores for women, younger participants, participants who never seek information on COVID-19, those who think they would contract a mild disease in case of infection, those with higher level of worry about coronavirus/COVID-19, and those who felt depressed or felt the coronavirus/COVID-19 is spreading slowly (all P<.01). The Cronbach alpha for the CPFS was 0.74. In the confirmatory factor analysis, one factor was identified (root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA]=.02; comparative fit index [CFI]=.99; χ25=8.06, P=.15). The CPFS showed good fit to the Rasch model (χ 224=42.025, P=.01, PSI=.642), unidimensionality (binomial 95% CI –.005 to .045), and item local independency.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the CPFS has moderate reliability and internal consistency and it is composed of a single dimension. It is a useful tool to ascertain the level of pandemic fatigue in the general population, which may help to guide the communication and information strategies to face the COVID-19 pandemic.
Pandemic-Triggered Adoption of Telehealth in Underserved Communities: Descriptive Study of Pre- and Postshutdown Trends
Authors: Xu Pei , Hudnall Matthew , Zhao Sidi , Raja Uzma , Parton Jason , Lewis Dwight
Published: July 2022

Background

The adoption of telehealth services has been a challenge in rural communities. The reasons for the slow adoption of such technology-driven services have been attributed to social norms, health care policies, and a lack of infrastructure to support the delivery of services. However, the COVID-19 pandemic–related shutdown of in-person health care services resulted in the usage of telehealth services as a necessity rather than a choice. The pandemic also fast-tracked some needed legislation to allow medical cost reimbursement for remote examination and health care services. As services return to normalcy, it is important to examine whether the usage of telehealth services during the period of a shutdown has changed any of the trends in the acceptance of telehealth as a reliable alternative to traditional in-person health care services.

Objective

Our aim was to explore whether the temporary shift to telehealth services has changed the attitudes toward the usage of technology-enabled health services in rural communities.

Methods

We examined the Medicaid reimbursement data for the state of Alabama from March 2019 through June 2021. Selecting the telehealth service codes, we explored the adoption rates in 3 phases of the COVID-19 shutdown: prepandemic, pandemic before the rollout of mass vaccination, and pandemic after the rollout of mass vaccination.

Results

The trend in telemedicine claims had an opposite pattern to that in nontelemedicine claims across the 3 periods. The distribution of various characteristics of patients who used telemedicine (age group, gender, race, level of rurality, and service provider type) was different across the 3 periods. Claims related to behavior and mental health had the highest rates of telemedicine usage after the onset of the pandemic. The rate of telemedicine usage remained at a high level after the rollout of mass vaccination.

Conclusions

The current trends indicate that adoption of telehealth services is likely to increase postpandemic and that the consumers (patients), service providers, health care establishments, insurance companies, and state and local policies have changed their attitudes toward telehealth. An increase in the use of telehealth could help local and federal governments address the shortage of health care facilities and service providers in underserved communities, and patients can get the much-needed care in a timely and effective manner.
Using voice biometrics to classify emotional distress in helpline callers (Preprint)
Authors: Iyer Ravi , Nedeljkovic Maja , Meyer Denny
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Elevated psychological distress has demonstrated impacts on individuals’ health. Reliable and efficient ways to detect distress are key to early intervention. Artificial Intelligence has the potential to detect states of emotional distress in an accurate, efficient and timely manner.

OBJECTIVE

To automatically classify short segments of speech obtained from callers to national suicide prevention helpline services, according to low versus high psychological distress, using a range of voice biomarkers in combination with machine learning approaches.

METHODS

One hundred and sixteen telephone call recordings were initially converted to 16-bit PCM format. Short variable length segments of each call were rated on psychological distress using the Distress Thermometer by the responding counsellor and a second team of psychologists blinded to the initial ratings (n=6). Nineteen voice biomarkers were derived from 40ms speech frames within each segment. Candidate biomarkers were reduced using Lasso regression, validated by generalised additive mixed effects regression, accounting for non-linearity and autocorrelation. Speech frames were then grouped using k-means clustering based on the selected biomarkers. Finally, component-wise gradient boosting was used to classify each speech frame according to low versus high psychological distress.

RESULTS

Ten voice biomarkers were used to classify 40ms speech frames to a level of validation accuracy of 94.5% (Area under the receiver operating curve). Male speakers spoke with increasing loudness, roughness, breathiness and with lower dominant and third formant frequencies, when experiencing elevations in distress. Female callers experienced an upward shift in tonal pitch, and breathier speaking style with increasing distress.

CONCLUSIONS

The high level of accuracy achieved suggests real-time detection of psychological distress in helpline settings and has potential uses in pre-emptive triage.

CLINICALTRIAL

None
Farmers’ Perception Of The Implementation Of Farmer Cards Policy In Klaten Regency
Authors: Patria Aziz Mansya , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo
Published: July 2022

The Indonesian Farmer Cards is a government policy that aims to improve the distribution pattern of subsidized fertilizers. This study aims to determine the factors that influence farmers' perceptions of implementing the farmer card policy in the Klaten Regency. Klaten Regency was selected purposively as the research site because since the inception of Farmer Card policy, Klaten Regency has been designated as a pilot location for implementing the program. The data was collected by conducting surveys and interviews by using questionnaires. Moreover, ninety-two respondents were chosen by using a simple random sampling method. Data analysis employed the Likert scale to measure farmers' perceptions of the Farmer Card Policy. Farmers’ perceptions constituted two categories based on the weighting from the Likert scale. The first category refers to farmers that have a positive perception of the application of the Farmer Card and the second category represents farmers who have negative perceptions of the program implementation. The Likert scale in this study used to determine farmers' perceptions of the application of subsidized urea fertilizer distribution policies using farmer cards in Klaten Regency. Furthermore, logistic regression determined the factors influencing farmers' perceptions. The results showed that most farmers had positive perceptions. Four variables (experience, land area, time & convenience risk, and psychological risk) positively impact the farmers' perceptions of the Farmer Card. The other variables (urea allocation) negatively affect the farmers' perception of the Farmer Card Policy.
The Management of Solid Waste in the Rodolfo Aurelian forum - Case Study
Authors: Carvalho Amara Rosa Amaral de , Lins Eduardo Antonio Maia , Farias Talden Queiroz , Paz Diogo Henrique Fernandes da , Melo Daniele de Castro Pessoa de , Sousa Wanderson dos Santos
Published: July 2022

The relevance of the work of cooperatives and associations of recyclable material collectors was recognized by Law 12,305/10, which also encouraged solid waste collectors to meet in cooperatives and associations. In this scenario, the National Council of Justice (CNJ) determined that it was mandatory for all Brazilian courts to adopt measures of public sustainability policies, as well as the implementation of the Sustainable Logistics Plan of the Judiciary (PLS-PJ). The research carried out a qualitative approach, conducting interviews with the cooperative members of the Work Cooperative of Recyclable Solid Waste Collectors (COOPAGRES) that has a partnership with the Forum Judge Rodolfo Aureliano, located in the city of Recife-PE. The research results identified that it is necessary to remedy the communication deficiency between the Forum and the Cooperative, as well as to include the participation of the association and its associates in the construction of the plan (PGRS) of the Forum and in its execution, so that the practices are adopted in an ecologically correct manner. This is the search for social and economic inclusion and recognition of solid waste collectors.
Vehicle Accident Prevention System by Detecting Drowsy Driver Using Matlab
Authors: Rojamani K.
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Life is a previous gift. Every year thousands of people lose their lives in accidents. Human factors such as drowsiness play a key role. A survey detail shows that 43.9% people lost their lives in accidents and out of it 35.7% accidents are due to drowsiness or fatigue of the driver. Up to 70% of such accidents result in death or serious injury. The main cause of fatigue is sleeplessness or insomnia. The major reason for fatigue is due to long journey for many hours, sleeplessness, restlessness, stress and many other factors. Hence the main goal of this project is to detect the drowsiness of the driver and alert if he/she is drowsy. The image of the driver is acquired and then face is detected from image and then eyeball movement of the driver is observed using Viola Jones algorithm.
Development of Pipe Inspection Robot
Authors: Sree Marala Bhavvyya
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Pipelines have been a major source to transfer oil and gas from one destination to another as they are economical when compared to other transportation means. Usually metal pipes are used which can undergo corrosion, develop cavities and holes leading to leakage of fluid and develop irregularities on the inner surface. And therefore require proper periodic maintenance. The inspection of pipes is difficult as they carry toxic chemicals, fluids and most of the time have small internal diameter or bends and also usually underground which become inaccessible to humans. This brings the need to develop an inspection device.
A Development of Fingerprint Based Biometric Cryptosystem
Authors: Chauhan Alka
Published: July 2022

Abstract: This alludes to measurements identified or verified with human qualities. Biometrics techniques are validating is useful and utilized in the software testing or engineering as the any type of IDs and also access control. This is likewise used distinguish persons in collect or gatherings that are under re-co naissance. Biometric technique identifiers or validates are the particular, correct qualities used to identify name and depute individuals. The biometric validates or identifiers are frequently sorted as physiological vs behavioral (use as social) characteristics. The physiological or behavioral attributes are the identified or verified with the any part of the full body and we can see as well. Precedents incorporate, these are not any restricted to fingerprint impression, face, veins, DNA, hand geometry ,palm print bio, iris , eye retina and smell/odor/fragrance. The behavioral (like as Social) characteristics and attributes are verified or identified within this instance of conduct to a human like a man or women, including yet not also restricted to composing, walk, and human voice
NORTH AMERICAN COLONYS OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE AND THE PROBLEM OF ENSURING THEIR SECURITY IN THE 1960S 19TH CENTURY
Authors:   Primorskaya State Agricultural Academy (Russia), Simonenko E.S.
Published: July 2022

The paper examines the process of transformation of the principles of Imperial defense in the North American colonies of the British Empire. It limits the chronological scope of the work to the 60s. XIX century, when the colonial possessions of Britain in North America received the status of a dominion, which assumed self-government, including in the field of defense. It traces the genesis of the idea of mutual obligations in the field of defense between the mother country and the North American colonies in the first half of the 19th century. It studies the strategic plans for the defense of Canadian territory, developed by British government and military experts at various levels. It formulates the views of W. Gladstone, which determined the policy of Imperial defense throughout the whole decade. It pays particular attention to the transformation of the maritime aspect of Imperial defense and its consequences for the North American colonies. It characterizes 60s 19th century by a weakening of the Anglocentric model of building relations with the North American colonies, where all the full obligations to ensure their security were assigned to the mother country. Henceforth, the colonies were to be responsible for the land defense of their territories. Thus, by the end of the 60s. 19th century finally took shape the trend of transition to the principle of mutual control and collective responsibility in the field of Imperial defense.
«THE WILD MAN» ARCHETYPE AS PERCEIVED BY NATIVE AMERICANS BY EUROPEANS: FROM THE MIDDLE AGES TO THE EARLY MODERN AGE
Authors:   Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University (Russia), Fedin A.V. , Yanenko E.M. ,   Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University (Russia)
Published: July 2022

The discovery and exploration of the Americas in the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries "archaised" the consciousness of Europeans, awakening ancient myths and archetypes associated with them, which in turn influenced their perception and understanding of the indigenous inhabitants of the New World. The image of the "savage" was based on the ancient archetype of the " wild man", which became the "alter ego" of civilized and cultured Europeans. The image of the "savage" was based on the ancient archetype of the "savage man", which became the "alter ego" of the civilised and cultural European. The activation of this archetype as a result of the exploration of America finally constructed a coordinate system whose dichotomies still largely determine the Western worldview: civilization and barbarism, progress and regress, true faith/ideology/science and paganism/ignorance. From this point of view, it is interesting to examine the forms that the "savage" archetype took at different times of contact between Europeans and American Indians, in this case comparing the perception of the natives of North East North America (Woodland) by Vikings in the 10th to 11th centuries and by French colonists and missionaries in the 16th to 18th centuries. Stereotypes of "barbarism", "rudeness", "lust" and other anti-social qualities were the basis on which Europeans began to have direct contact with the Native Americans. At the same time, as relations developed and native cultures and ways of life were understood, a new perception of the "savage" was born, combining both the initial negativism and the positive traits that emerged. The result was the emergence of peculiar "hybrid" images.
THE CASE OF MENDEL BEILIS AND THE POSITION OF VASILY SHULGIN
Authors:   Sevastopol State University (Russia), Babkov D.I.
Published: July 2022

The subject of the presented work is the paradoxical position of V.V. Shulgin (1878-1976), a Russian politician of the first third of the XX century, in the odious "Beilis case". In this story, Mendel Beilis himself became a bargaining chip in the political struggle of defenders of the foundations of traditionalism and monarchy with supporters of liberal and revolutionary views. Having a reputation as a staunch monarchist and anti-Semite, Shulgin unexpectedly stood up for the accused - a Jew by nationality, which caused a storm in the then Russian society. He also did not support the myth of the "bloody covenant" – the accusation of Jews in the murder of gentiles (usually children) in order to obtain their blood for ritual purposes. Colleagues in the right camp turned away from him, and ideological opponents, on the contrary, enthusiastically supported him. Not only contemporaries, but also subsequent researchers turned to Shulgin's act, suggesting the motives of his demarche. But for various reasons, in our opinion, they did not give the right explanation. As a result of the study of sources on this issue, the author's interpretation of Shulgin's motivation is proposed. It is concluded that by becoming an unwitting "advocate" of the Jew Beilis and protecting the whole people from the "blood libel", Vasily Vitalievich thereby saved the honor of the Russian government, the Russian people and Russia. In Shulgin's eyes, involving Jews in politics was more dangerous than foolishly accusing them of ritual murders. He opposed the politicization of Jewry sharply and categorically. Some of the arguments he used will now obviously cause condemnation, but in the conditions of the political and legal system of the Russian Empire, Shulgin's statements were quite acceptable.
MARCH OF THE PARISIANS ON VERSAILLES IN THE AUTUMN OF 1789: FOOD RIOT OR POLITICAL ACTION?
Authors:   Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University (Russia), Blumenau S.F.
Published: July 2022

The events on October 5-6, 1789 were not a trivial food riot caused by a lack of bread in the capital. Political activists in Paris sought to wrest the king from the grasp of the Versailles environment that was hostile to the revolution. At the same time, they remained imbued with "tsarist" sentiments. However, love for the monarch was combined with hatred for his wife - an "Austrian" and a squanderer, who was in their eyes, at the suggestion of embittered pamphleteers, a monster of debauchery. Notably, Louis did not show the lack of will attributed to him by historians. For some time he resolutely defended his positions in the face of the onslaught of the Constituent Assembly. However, the march of the lower classes on Versailles made the monarch more compliant, forced him to go to Paris, where he became a hostage to the revolutionary crowds. For a short period of time the food problem became less acute. The capital remained relatively calm. This facilitated the reformist activities of the deputy corps and resulted in the fundamental social and political reforms of 1790-1791. But in some regions of France tension on church and religious grounds gave rise to bloody clashes. Moreover, the economic situation that worsened later and the war with the neighboring states that began in 1792 led to a further radicalization of the revolution.
ACTIVITIES OF AN UNREGISTERED RELIGIOUS GROUP OF CHRISTIANS IN THE SMOLENSK REGION IN THE 1960S AND 1980S.
Authors:   Military Academy of military air defense of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Smolensk, Smolensk (Russia), Gavrilenkov A.F.
Published: July 2022

The article examines the history of the activities of the founder of an unregistered religious group, which initially operated in the Latvian SSR, and then in the Lithuanian SSR. A special role in the group was played by its leader, who, not yet being a believer, had served a sentence for a criminal offense. Then, probably, there was a reassessment of moral values and he became a believer. The activities of the head contradicted the norms of the Soviet criminal legislation. Thus, it was found that the head of a religious group forced believers to perform a whole system of actions and rituals, urged believers to abandon active social life. The head was forced to leave the Baltic States and moved to the Smolensk region. In the new conditions, a religious group was created, which, by the nature of its activities, continued the activities of a religious group in the Baltic States. The religious group operated in the regional center and in one of the district centers. Based on archival material, an idea of the activities of a religious group and its leader is given. Archival materials allow us to draw conclusions about the quantitative composition of a religious group, its religious practices and creed, about the specifics of this group, which defined itself as different from the practices of Baptist and Pentecostal organizations. The leader of a religious group was convicted of violating Soviet legislation in the field of freedom of conscience. After serving his sentence, the head of the group returned to preaching activities, which representatives of a special Soviet body defined as fanatical. The Soviet executive authorities sought to influence the activities of the religious group and its leader. It is concluded that the Soviet state created conditions for the introduction of such groups into the legal field.
POLICE SURVEILLANCE OR METHODS OF WORKING WITH «POLITICALLY UNRELIABLE PERSONS» IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX- EARLY XX CENTURIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF KURSK PROVINCE)
Authors:   South-West State University, Kursk (Russia), Zarubina K.A.
Published: July 2022

Using the example of the Kursk province, the article examines the main methods of government work with persons with dubious «political reliability», «potential» and «real» political criminals in the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries. This paper examines the types (investigative, judicial and administrative) of police supervision. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the public and secret (secret) modes of police surveillance. During the period under review, persons who, by their behavior, gave any reason for distrust (in political terms) were subject to secret (secret) supervision. Persons whose «political unreliability» was established «officially» were subordinated to public police supervision, but the decision of the authorities recognized that stricter measures of state coercion could not be applied to these persons to correct them. The study also provides grounds for establishing supervision over persons with questionable «political reliability», describes the mechanisms of interaction between different departments of the Kursk province that monitor the political situation in the region, the activities of «potential», «real» political criminals. At the end of the study, conclusions were drawn about the role of police surveillance (both public and secret) in the system of punitive and protective measures.
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Quantum State Preparation with Weak Nonlinear Measurements
Authors: Porotti Riccardo , Essig Antoine , Huard Benjamin , Marquardt Florian
Published: July 2022

Quantum control has been of increasing interest in recent years, e.g. for tasks like state initialization and stabilization. Feedback-based strategies are particularly powerful, but also hard to find, due to the exponentially increased search space. Deep reinforcement learning holds great promise in this regard. It may provide new answers to difficult questions, such as whether nonlinear measurements can compensate for linear, constrained control. Here we show that reinforcement learning can successfully discover such feedback strategies, without prior knowledge. We illustrate this for state preparation in a cavity subject to quantum-non-demolition detection of photon number, with a simple linear drive as control. Fock states can be produced and stabilized at very high fidelity. It is even possible to reach superposition states, provided the measurement rates for different Fock states can be controlled as well.
A Systematic Review of Kaizen Approach in Industries
Authors: Sutrisno Barata , Rimawan Erry , Sitorus Tosty Maylangi
Published: July 2022

Today industries are currently entering the best possibility to action on rapidly changing customer needs, desires and experiences. In the environment of industries, as well as cultural competitiveness and improving market share in the global narrowing market saturation is a big concern, the concept of continuous improvement of manufacturing processes strive to the best experiences to customers has become necessary. Market competition and continuously increasing levels of service and needs for customer satisfaction have proven to be the ultimate driver of an organization's key performance continuous improvement. Adaptable Kaizen refers to sustainable continuous improvement in performance delivery, cost, and quality to a satisfied customer. This paper contribution to define research variable domination in various tools used in Kaizen concept and research variable of Kaizen dominated by VSM and Continuous Improvement with the same percentage number 21%, then Lean 18%, TPM 10%, 5S 8%, PDCA 4%, in this calculation one research paper can use more than one tools of Kaizen.
STRATEGI PROMOSI WISATA PURBALINGGA MELALUI FESTIVAL FILM
Authors: Tanti Dewi
Published: July 2022

This study aims to find out the efforts to promotion strategy Purbalingga cultural tourism by the Purbalingga CLC community through the Purbalingga Film Festival (FFP). This study used descriptive qualitative method. The research data source is the Purbalingga CLC community. Data was collected using observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and literature studies. The results showed that FFP activities carried out by the CLC community could help Purbalingga tourism promotion efforts. Local tourism development can be developed with the concept of Community Based Tourism (CBT) is Promotion strategy. In the CBT concept, the presence of the community becomes important as a secondary stakeholder. Together with the government and private parties, community participation can provide valuable input for the advancement of regional tourism that is prospering for the entire community. The Purbalingga CLC through its flagship program, the Purbalingga Film Festival, has shown that the existence of film festivals has a relationship, both directly and indirectly, with the opportunity to promote local culture.
Profesionalisme Jurnalis Dalam Film The Bang-Bang Club Berdasar Analisis Semiotika Roland Barthez
Authors: Lutfi Muhammad , Warto Warto
Published: July 2022

The Bang Bang Club is a 2011 film with a drama genre adapted from real events experienced by 4 war photographers. This film by director Steven Silver does not only cover drama but also shows how the 4 photographers actually experienced what happened. The subjects of this research were the four war photographers who were told in the film The Bang-Bang Club. Primary data is obtained from scenes related to the professionalism of a journalist in covering and reporting an event as the initial process of analysis. The scenes were analyzed using Roland Barthes' semiotics which is associated with professionalism according to Islam, in this case, namely holding the four characteristics of Raulullah, namely Sidiq, Amanah, Fathonah and Tabligh. Several scenes show the journalist in a dangerous situation, close to fire, sharp weapons, fighting, firearms, and others. The meaning of connotation means that in any situation and condition, a journalist must be able to describe, report, and collect data in any way in accordance with the journalistic code of ethics, because this has become a demand for a journalist.
Strategi Publikasi PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Daerah Operasional 1 Jakarta Dalam Menjaga Stabillitas Reputasi Perusahaan
Authors: Hayati Suryaning , Rahmat Abdul , Aidin Nurul
Published: July 2022

business competition is not only measured by the level of sales and product image. However, there is another thing that is more principle, inherent, and fundamental, namely reputation. This study aims to determine the Publication Strategy of PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Operational Region 1 Jakarta in Maintaining the company's reputation stability. The focus in research is the publication strategy in terms of the aspects of publication goals, publication objectives, message content and strategic message content, impact of publication exposure, media strategy, and evaluation methods. Research with constructivism paradigm with descriptive method. Primary data were obtained from in-depth interviews with key informants, Senior Manager of Public Relations and Public Relations staff informants.The purpose of publication is education to gain public understanding of company programs and policies. The message content and strategic message content to construct messages are to convey the main basis for why the policy should be carried out, why the program must be carried out, and convey about its goals and benefits for the community; The expected impact of publication exposure is a positive image according to the community. The media strategy taken is to build personal relationships, ensure information disclosure, commitment to response speed, accommodate media data needs, and facilitate the media in publishing news;
Non-Tariff Measures in the Food Processing Sector in Malaysia: An Assessment of Welfare Impacts
Authors: Siew Hoon Vickie Yew , Al-Amin Abul Quasem , S. Devadason Evelyn
Published: July 2022

Given the ambiguity of the overall welfare effects of non-tariff measures (NTMs), this paper furthers our understanding of the well-being of consumers by focusing on a single sector analysis. It examines the welfare effects associated with the highly regulated food processing sector in Malaysia. A comparative static computable general equilibrium model is employed to quantify the welfare impacts of a partial removal of NTMs, or a reduction in trade restrictiveness of NTMs. The simulation results indicate welfare gains, albeit minimal (not more than 2%), from a partial reduction in NTMs, both in the short run and long run. A plausible reason for the somewhat small gains in welfare in the food sector is the dominance of standard-like measures relative to price or quantity-based regulations. The positive and small welfare effects from a partial removal of NTMs suggest that some regulations in the food processing sector may be pervasive in that they may embed some protectionist elements and/or they do not address genuine market failures. Therefore, this paper concludes that there is still scope for regulatory reform in the food processing sector in Malaysia.
The Impact of Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCC) Towards Maintenance Performance for High-Rise Residential Lift System
Authors: A.S Ali , Chua Chua , S.J.L S.J.L , Riley M. , S.W Gan.
Published: July 2022

Building maintenance has become an invaluable process in the field of the built environment with the purpose of retaining building value and quality. Life Cycle Cost (LCC) is important in the maintenance field as it can reduce maintenance costs without affecting the performance of services. However, the application of LCC in this country is limited due to a lack of awareness and knowledge about LCC. This research intends to identify the components of LCC and its impact on the maintenance performance of lift systems in high-rise residential buildings. Lift systems are important for high-rise buildings to transport occupants from the ground floor to upper floors but most lift systems have not been effectively managed and maintained in Malaysia, which has resulted in severe injuries to users and even death. Yet, there is a lack of data regarding high-end high-rise residential buildings. Hence, this research will focus on lift systems in high-end high-rise residential buildings. A mixed-method approach has been adopted whereby questionnaires were distributed to building managers of high rise residential buildings in Klang Valley and interviews were conducted with building managers from the selected case studies. With the application of LCC, the maintenance team can consider all the LCC components of the lift system during the decision-making process and improve the maintenance performance of the lift system by having lower breakdown rates, fewer complaints received and quicker response times.
The Assessment of Waste Segregation Exercise Among Malaysian Contractors: A Descriptive Analysis
Authors: N. Zainon , Myeda Myeda , N.E N.E , A.B Aniza , L.S Chuing , Mohd-Rahim F.A. , Z.A. Zyed , Y.A.S Harumain , M.Z Lim.
Published: July 2022

Construction waste that emerges from construction sites has become a major global concern due to its negative carbon footprint on the environment. Due to underrepresented construction waste specific data in Malaysia, this paper aims to identify sources, causes, types of construction waste and decision-making factors of construction waste management in Malaysia's construction sites. A questionnaire survey was administered to 60 construction practitioners representing different construction sites in Peninsular Malaysia. A descriptive analysis using the Relative Importance Index (RII) was used to rank the items asked in the survey and categorised them into high (RII>70%), medium (50%<RII<70%) or low (RII<50%) importance levels. The findings show that the top-ranked sources of construction waste categorised as high importance level are demolition, site clearance, and refurbishment. The causes, insufficient construction waste management plan, incorrect materials, design changes, over-ordering, errors in the contract document, and on-site technical errors are ranked as highly important. The top common waste materials include concrete, brick, metal, wood, glass and paper. The importance of all decision-making factors is high-rated; unexpectedly, environmental impact is the least important reason for construction waste management contractors. The results provide a perspective of the current practices of construction waste in Malaysia. The outcome is useful for waste managers and policymakers in developing potential waste management strategies for a more sustainable construction industry.
On the History of Ancient Philology: “Homeric Questions” by Porphyry of Tyre
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shchegoleva Ludmila I.
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the treatise “Homeric questions” (Ὁμηρικὰ ζητήματα) by the outstanding Greek Neoplatonic philosopher Porphyry of Tyre (about 232 – about 305). The treatise, compiled by the author presumably in the initial period of his work, during philology classes under the guidance of Cassius Longinus (before 263), was an important stage both in the study and commenting on the texts of Homer, as well as in the development of ancient humanitarian knowledge in general. The first book of the treatise was rewritten separately in full, the material of the other books was included as an integral part in the scholia to the “Iliad” and the “Odyssey”, indicating the authorship of Porphyry. The article discusses the main philological problems that the first book of Porfiry’s treatise is devoted to (etymology and internal form of words, features of language and style, tropes and figures of speech, explanation of plot contradictions and incomprehensible places, textual difficulties, etc.), and methods of their solution. It is concluded that the first book of “Homeric Questions” is an exemplary scientific work of its time, based on the works of its predecessors (Aristotle, philologists of the Alexandrian school, Cassius Longinus) with the involvement of a large amount of the most diverse material from the Greek language, literature, history and mythology. This is a valuable source for studying the history of European philological thought and for observing the scientific methods of working with the text of a philologist of the second half of the third century.
Literary-Historical Information in the Works of John Tzetzes
Authors:   А.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Aleksandrova Tatiana L.
Published: July 2022

Neither classical antiquity, nor Byzantium knew any history of literature in the modern sense, following other principles of division in the field of philology. The literary-historical data were transmitted either in colophons of published works, or in the literary pieces of different genres: biographies of the authors, “scientific mixture”, literary letters, sometimes in didactic epics. Byzantine literature of the 12th century, and in particular the making of famous erudite Joannes Tzetzes continue this tradition. His literary output is vast and includes letters, didactic poems, scholia in verse and prose. In his works one can come across discourses in the literary history. The characteristic feature of Tzetzesʼ style consists in mixing of different genres and themes within the same literary work. His considerations about authors of the past both famous and obscure, are being interrupted by his autobiographical notes, instructions to his addressees, retelling of myths, historical legends and anecdotes. Sometimes Tzetzes makes attempts at critical analysis but he does not suggest any classification of the available information and in any case confines himself to the methods of ancient philology, without offering new ones. His literary-historical discourses for him are an occasion to show off his rich erudition and not as an object of knowledge. Nevertheless, he, like other Byzantine philologists, has the indisputable merit of preserving ancient heritage and the historical and literary information that later formed the history of Greek literature.