bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neighborhood disadvantage and biological aging biomarkers among breast cancer patients
Authors: Shen Jie , Fuemmeler Bernard F. , Sheppard Vanessa B. , Bear Harry D. , Song Renduo , Chow Wong-Ho , Zhao Hua
Published: June 2022

Living in a disadvantaged neighborhood is associated with adverse clinical outcomes among breast cancer patients, but the underlying pathway is still unclear. Limited evidence has suggested that accelerated biological aging may play an important role. In this study, using a sub-sample of 906 women with newly diagnosed breast cancer at M.D. Anderson, we examined whether levels of selected markers of biological aging (e.g., allostatic load, telomere length, and global DNA methylation) were affected by neighborhood disadvantage. The Area Deprivation Index was used to determine the neighborhood disadvantage. Based on the median ADI at the national level, the study population was divided into low and high ADI groups. Overall, breast cancer patients from the high ADI group were more likely to be younger and non-Hispanic Black than those from the low ADI group (P < 0.001, respectively). They were also more likely to have higher grade and poorly differentiated breast tumors (P = 0.029 and 0.019, respectively). For the relationship with markers, compared to the low ADI group, high ADI group had higher median levels of allostatic load (P = 0.046) and lower median levels of global DNA methylation (P < 0.001). Compared to their counterparts, those from the high ADI group were 20% more likely to have increased allostatic load and 51% less likely to have increased levels of global DNA methylation. In summary, we observed that levels of allostatic load and global DNA methylation are influenced by neighborhood disadvantage among breast cancer patients.
Interannual variability of internal tides in the Andaman Sea: an effect of Indian Ocean Dipole
Authors: Yadidya B. , Rao A. D.
Published: June 2022

A marginal sea in the north eastern Indian Ocean, the Andaman Sea, has been known for the presence of high-amplitude internal waves since the nineteenth century. In this study, we explored the interannual variations of the internal wave activity in this complex region. We found that the Dipole Mode Index, which represents the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), influences the circulation in the Andaman Sea, which in turn impacts its density stratification on interannual scales. Ocean Reanalysis System 5 data (1993–2018) is used to see an increasing trend in the sub-surface stratification, whereas it showed a decreasing trend in the near-surface waters. Numerical model simulations carried out from 2009 to 2018 have shown that the interannual variability in the generation of semidiurnal internal tides is governed by distinct parameters (tidal forcing and stratification) at different sites in different months. Enhanced upwelling (downwelling) is observed during positive (negative) IOD events. Sensitivity experiments conducted between extreme IOD events (2006 and 2016) revealed an increase in internal tide generation from positive IOD to negative IOD. Furthermore, a sharp decrease in local baroclinic dissipation is seen during negative IOD, increasing baroclinic flux into the Andaman Sea. An increase in the strength of positive IOD could lead to enhanced diapycnal mixing due to strong local dissipation, whereas an increase in the intensity of negative IOD could result in amplified propagation of internal waves.
Sensitivity enhancement in magnetic sensor using CoFeB/Y3Fe5O12 resonator
Authors: Sarker Md Shamim , Yamahara Hiroyasu , Yao Lihao , Tang Siyi , Liao Zhiqiang , Seki Munetoshi , Tabata Hitoshi
Published: June 2022

Magnonics, an emerging research field that uses the quanta of spin waves as data carriers, has a potential to dominate the post-CMOS era owing to its intrinsic property of ultra-low power operation. Spin waves can be manipulated by a wide range of parameters; thus, they are suitable for sensing applications in a wide range of physical fields. In this study, we designed a highly sensitive, simple structure, and ultra-low power magnetic sensor using a simple CoFeB/Y3Fe5O12 bilayer structure. We demonstrated that the CoFeB/Y3Fe5O12 bilayer structure can create a sharp rejection band in its spin-wave transmission spectra. The lowest point of this strong rejection band allows the detection of a small frequency shift owing to the external magnetic field variation. Experimental observations revealed that such a bilayer magnetic sensor exhibits 20 MHz frequency shifts upon the application of an external magnetic field of 0.5 mT. Considering the lowest full width half maximum, which is about 2 MHz, a sensitivity of 10–2 mT order can be experimentally achieved. Furthermore, the higher sensitivity in the order of 10–6 T (µT) has been demonstrated using the sharp edge of the rejection band of the CoFeB/Y3Fe5O12 bilayer device. A Y-shaped spin waves interference device with two input arms consisting of CoFeB/Y3Fe5O12 and Y3Fe5O12 has been theoretically investigated. We proposed that such a structure can demonstrate a magnetic sensitivity in the range of $${10}^{-9}$$

10

-
9

T (nT) at room temperature. The sensitivity of the sensor can be further enhanced by tuning the width of the CoFeB metal stripe.
Retinal ganglion cell analysis in patients with sellar and suprasellar tumors with sagittal bending of the optic nerve
Authors: Shinohara Yoichiro , Todokoro Daisuke , Yamaguchi Rei , Tosaka Masahiko , Yoshimoto Yuhei , Akiyama Hideo
Published: June 2022

The study investigated clinical features of sellar and suprasellar tumors with optic nerve bending. Twenty-five patients (13 men/12 women; age, 59.0 ± 12.9 years) with optic nerve bending in one eye who underwent tumor resection for sellar and suprasellar tumors were included. The other eye, without optic nerve bending, was the control. The pre- and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) + inner plexiform layer (IPL) thickness were studied retrospectively using optical coherence tomography. Preoperative BCVA in the eye with optic nerve bending was significantly poor and improved significantly after tumor resection. Eyes with optic nerve bending had significantly less GCL + IPL thickness on the temporal side than eyes without optic nerve bending. Preoperative GCL + IPL thickness of the entire macula was reduced in eyes with optic nerve bending and poor postoperative BCVA compared to those with good postoperative BCVA. There was no significant difference in GCL + IPL thickness of eyes with optic nerve bending before and after tumor resection. Optic nerve bending caused by sellar and suprasellar tumors resulted in visual impairment and decreased retinal ganglion cells. Eyes with optic nerve bending and severely reduced GCL + IPL thickness may have less BCVA improvement after tumor resection.
Characterization of nanofluids using multifractal analysis of a liquid droplet trace
Authors: Augustyniak J. , Zgłobicka I. , Kurzydłowski K. , Misiak P. , Wilczewska A. Z. , Gluch Jürgen , Liao Zhongquan , Perkowski D. M.
Published: June 2022

The article presents an innovative approach to the analysis of nanofluids using a nonlinear multifractal algorithm. The conducted research concerned nanofluids prepared from SiO2 nanoparticles (~ 0.01 g) suspended in 100 ml of demineralized water and in 100 ml of 99.5% isopropanol. Subsequently, the nanofluids were subjected to conventional characterization methods such as: determination of the contact angle, determination of zeta potential, pH, and particle size analysis. The obtained results show that the prepared nanofluid is stable in terms of agglomeration over time (nanofluid suspension) and properly prepared in terms of dissolving and dispersing powder particles. The authors, analyzing the results of the presented methods for characterizing nanofluids, proposed a multifractal analysis, which allows detailed local descriptions of complex scaling behaviour, using a spectrum of singularity exponents. Nonlinear analyzes show that the use of multifractal algorithm for nanofluids can improve the process of fluid quality analysis and its preparation based on the multifractal spectrum.
Comparative analysis of OCT-defined parapapillary beta and gamma zones between primary open angle glaucoma and primary angle closure glaucoma
Authors: Shang Kunte , Zhuang Dongli , Dai Yi
Published: June 2022

The ophthalmoscopic beta zone of parapapillary atrophy has recently been proposed to divide into a gamma zone and a (new) beta zone based on OCT imaging. The present study was undertaken to compare the microstructural characteristics of parapapillary gamma and beta zones and their influencing factors between primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG). Seventy-three PACG patients that had no evidence of an acute attack and 78 POAG patients were enrolled. Patients were matched by propensity scores for age and visual field mean defect (MD) value. The area and angular extent of both zones were measured. In multivariate analysis, a larger beta zone was correlated with older age, severe MD value and longer axial length. A larger gamma zone was correlated with longer axial length. Older age and severe MD value were correlated with the concentric shape of beta zone. Comparing the PACG and POAG groups that adjusted for age and MD value, gamma zone was larger and more prevalent in the POAG group, while beta zone showed no significant difference. Taken separately, MD value was associated with the area and shape of beta zone in the PACG group. Axial length was associated with the temporal shape of beta zone in the POAG group. These data indicated that OCT-defined parapapillary beta and gamma zones exhibited different characteristics in two types of glaucoma. Clinically, the size of parapapillary beta zone may serve as a better indicator of glaucoma severity in eyes with PACG than that in POAG.
eDNA metabarcoding as a promising conservation tool to monitor fish diversity in Beijing water systems compared with ground cages
Authors: Shen Mei , Xiao Nengwen , Zhao Ziyi , Guo Ningning , Luo Zunlan , Sun Guang , Li Junsheng
Published: June 2022

Fish diversity, an important indicator of the health of aquatic ecosystems, is declining sharply due to water pollution, overfishing, climate change, and species invasion. For protecting fish diversity, effective surveying and monitoring are prerequisites. In this study, eDNA (environmental DNA) metabarcoding and ground cages were used to survey the fish diversity of the Chaobai and Beiyun Rivers in Beijing. Based on the two methods, we identified 40 species, belonging to 35 genera, 18 families, and six orders. The richness of fish identified by eDNA metabarcoding was significantly higher than that captured by ground cages in both rivers. The fish captured by the ground cage method were all recognized by eDNA metabarcoding, except Squalidus wolterstorffi and Saurogobio dabryi, which were captured only in ground cages. The correlation of relative abundance between the two methods was affected by the properties of the rivers, such as the flow rate. Fish caught by ground cage in the Beiyun River were identified by eDNA, but not in the Chaobai River. Our results also suggest that the Chaobai River has higher fish diversity than the Beiyun River and different community assemblage. In addition to differences in the natural properties of the focal rivers, the development of urbanization is also an important contributor to different community structures overserved. eDNA metabarcoding as a new survey tool has great application prospects, it provides certain theoretical data and methodological references for the protection and management of river fish diversity.
Disentangling drivers of air pollutant and health risk changes during the COVID-19 lockdown in China
Authors: Shen Fuzhen , Hegglin Michaela I. , Luo Yuanfei , Yuan Yue , Wang Bing , Flemming Johannes , Wang Junfeng , Zhang Yunjiang , Chen Mindong , Yang Qiang , Ge Xinlei
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 restrictions in 2020 have led to distinct variations in NO2and O3concentrations in China. Here, the different drivers of anthropogenic emission changes, including the effects of the Chinese New Year (CNY), China’s 2018–2020 Clean Air Plan (CAP), and the COVID-19 lockdown and their impact on NO2and O3are isolated by using a combined model-measurement approach. In addition, the contribution of prevailing meteorological conditions to the concentration changes was evaluated by applying a machine-learning method. The resulting impact on the multi-pollutant Health-based Air Quality Index (HAQI) is quantified. The results show that the CNY reduces NO2concentrations on average by 26.7% each year, while the COVID-lockdown measures have led to an additional 11.6% reduction in 2020, and the CAP over 2018–2020 to a reduction in NO2by 15.7%. On the other hand, meteorological conditions from 23 January to March 7, 2020 led to increase in NO2of 7.8%. Neglecting the CAP and meteorological drivers thus leads to an overestimate and underestimate of the effect of the COVID-lockdown on NO2reductions, respectively. For O3the opposite behavior is found, with changes of +23.3%, +21.0%, +4.9%, and −0.9% for CNY, COVID-lockdown, CAP, and meteorology effects, respectively. The total effects of these drivers show a drastic reduction in multi-air pollutant-related health risk across China, with meteorology affecting particularly the Northeast of China adversely. Importantly, the CAP’s contribution highlights the effectiveness of the Chinese government’s air-quality regulations on NO2reduction.
Deciphering associations between three RNA splicing-related genetic variants and lung cancer risk
Authors: Yang Wenjun , Liu Hongliang , Zhang Ruoxin , Freedman Jennifer A. , Han Younghun , Hung Rayjean J. , Brhane Yonathan , McLaughlin John , Brennan Paul , Bickeboeller Heike , Rosenberger Albert , Houlston Richard S. , Caporaso Neil E. , Landi Maria Teresa , Brueske Irene , Risch Angela , Christiani David C. , Amos Christopher I. , Chen Xiaoxin , Patierno Steven R. , Wei Qingyi
Published: June 2022

Limited efforts have been made in assessing the effect of genome-wide profiling of RNA splicing-related variation on lung cancer risk. In the present study, we first identified RNA splicing-related genetic variants linked to lung cancer in a genome-wide profiling analysis and then conducted a two-stage (discovery and replication) association study in populations of European ancestry. Discovery and validation were conducted sequentially with a total of 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls from both the Transdisciplinary Research in Cancer of the Lung and the International Lung Cancer Consortium as well as the OncoArray database. For those variants identified as significant in the two datasets, we further performed stratified analyses by smoking status and histological type and investigated their effects on gene expression and potential regulatory mechanisms. We identified three genetic variants significantly associated with lung cancer risk: rs329118 inJADE2(P = 8.80E−09), rs2285521 inGGA2(P = 4.43E−08), and rs198459 inMYRF(P = 1.60E−06). The combined effects of all three SNPs were more evident in lung squamous cell carcinomas (P = 1.81E−08,P = 6.21E−08, andP = 7.93E−04, respectively) than in lung adenocarcinomas and in ever smokers (P = 9.80E−05,P = 2.70E−04, andP = 2.90E−05, respectively) than in never smokers. Gene expression quantitative trait analysis suggested a role for the SNPs in regulating transcriptional expression of the corresponding target genes. In conclusion, we report that three RNA splicing-related genetic variants contribute to lung cancer susceptibility in European populations. However, additional validation is needed, and specific splicing mechanisms of the target genes underlying the observed associations also warrants further exploration.
The structural and electronic richness of buckled honeycomb AsP bilayers
Authors: Arcudia Jessica , Emrem Birkan , Heine Thomas , Merino Gabriel
Published: June 2022

Herein we explore the structural and electronic properties of the sixteen different high-symmetry stacking configurations of beta-AsP bilayers.
Single atoms (Pt, Ir and Rh) anchored on activated NiCo LDH for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Fan‡ Binbin , Wang‡ Haozhi , Han Xiaopeng , Deng Yida , Hu Wenbin
Published: June 2022

Pt/A-NiCo LDH catalysts can not only accelerate the Volmer steps in alkaline media, but also optimize the adsorption–desorption energetics towards H intermediates, thus enhancing the HER catalytic activity.
Recent advances in stable main group element radicals: preparation and characterization
Authors: Feng Zhongtao , Tang Shuxuan , Su Yuanting , Wang Xinping
Published: June 2022

This review presents the recent advances in the synthesis, characterization, reactivity and physical properties of isolable main group elements radicals.
Eldfellite-structured NaCr(SO4)2: a potential anode for rechargeable Na-ion and Li-ion batteries
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Mondal Rakesh , Prakash Rajiv , Singh Preetam
Published: June 2022

The shift in redox energy of the Cr3+/2+ couple due to bonding with (SO4)2− polyanions in the eldfellite structure makes Cr3+/2+ accessible, resulting in superior intercalative/deintercalative energy storage for NaCr(SO4)2vs. Na/Li cell.
Benchmark uranium extraction from seawater using an ionic macroporous metal–organic framework
Authors: Mollick Samraj , Saurabh Satyam , More Yogeshwar D. , Fajal Sahel , Shirolkar Mandar M. , Mandal Writakshi , Ghosh Sujit K.
Published: June 2022

Multiple functional groups decorated ionic macroporous metal–organic framework (MOF) for large-scale, selective uranium recovery from unspiked natural seawater.
Ion mobility and solvation complexes at liquid–solid interfaces in dilute, high concentration, and localized high concentration electrolytes
Authors: Angarita-Gomez Stefany , Balbuena Perla B.
Published: June 2022

Evolution of a lithium cation solvation complex in low concentration electrolytes (LCEs), high concentration electrolytes (HCEs), and localized high concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) reveals competition of transport, desolvation, and deposition events.
Two-dimensional Si2S with a negative Poisson's ratio and promising optoelectronic properties
Authors: Qu Ziyang , Xu Meiling , Lin Shuyi , Liang Yiwei , Yuan Xuanhao , Wang Feilong , Hao Jian , Li Yinwei
Published: June 2022

A Si2S monolayer possesses a negative Poisson's ratio, direct band-gap and large visible light absorption coefficient, holding potential for application in nanoelectronics.
Anharmonic phonon interactions and the Kondo effect in a FeSe/Sb2Te3/FeSe heterostructure: a proximity effect between ferromagnetic chalcogenide and di-chalcogenide
Authors: Ghosh Labanya , Alam Mohd , Singh Mahima , Dixit Srishti , Kumar Satya Vijay , Verma Abhineet , Shahi Prashant , Uwatoko Yoshiya , Saha Satyen , Tiwari Archana , Tripathi Ajay , Chatterjee Sandip
Published: June 2022

A FeSe/Sb2Te3/FeSe heterostructure establishes the signature of the Kondo effect and a spin–phonon coupling initiated by local charge ordering at the interfaces.
Practical chemoselective aromatic substitution: the synthesis of N-(4-halo-2-nitrophenyl)benzenesulfonamide through the efficient nitration and halogenation of N-phenylbenzenesulfonamide
Authors: Yu Xiao , Zhu Wenjing , Liu Hongyan , Liu Yi , Li Hongshuang , Han Junfen , Duan Guiyun , Bai Zhushuang , Zhang Pengfei , Xia Chengcai
Published: June 2022

A novel route involving the metal-promoted tandem nitration and halogenation of N-phenylbenzenesulfonamide to synthesize N-(4-halo-2-nitrophenyl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives has been developed.
Photo-crosslinking and surface-attachment of polyvinyl alcohol nanocoatings by C,H insertion to customize their swelling behavior and stability in polar media
Authors: Michele Andre , Luft Daniel , Tovar Günter E. M. , Southan Alexander
Published: June 2022

Benzophenone-modified polyvinyl alcohol is synthesized, processed to nanocoatings and converted to UV-crosslinked surface-bound polymer networks.
Effects of Cu2+/Zn2+ on the electrochemical performance of polyacrylamide hydrogels as advanced flexible electrode materials
Authors: Faizan Syed , Shah Luqman Ali , Bakhtawara  , Ye Daixin , Ahmad Fawad , Khan Musammir , Ismail Muhammad
Published: June 2022

A novel approach has been applied for the preparation of electrode materials based on polyacrylamide hydrogels embedded with reduced graphene oxide and transition metals, Cu2+ and Zn2+. The fabricated hydrogel exhibits high electrical properties and flexibility.
A short review on the synthesis and advance applications of polyaniline hydrogels
Authors: Mir Aleena , Kumar Amit , Riaz Ufana
Published: June 2022

Conductive polymeric hydrogels (CPHs) exhibit remarkable properties for advance technological applications.
Siloxane resins as hydrophobic self-cleaning layers for silicon and dye-sensitized solar cells: material and application aspects
Authors: Bogdanowicz Krzysztof A. , Dutkiewicz Michał , Maciejewski Hieronim , Nowicki Marek , Przybył Wojciech , Plebankiewicz Ireneusz , Iwan Agnieszka
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study has been to examine in depth three siloxane resins (R1–R3) and two silanes (S1–S2) as hydrophobic self-cleaning layers for silicon and dye-sensitized solar cells.
Durable Zn-ion hybrid capacitors using 3D printed carbon composites
Authors: Nagaraju Goli , Tagliaferri Stefano , Panagiotopoulos Apostolos , Och Mauro , Quintin-Baxendale Rachael , Mattevi Cecilia
Published: June 2022

High-mass loading three-dimensionally (3D) printed graphene–carbon nanotube (Gr–C) cathode is utilized for high performance Zn-ion hybrid capacitors.
Reliable and flexible supercapacitors toward wide-temperature operation based on self-supporting SiC/CNT composite films
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Chen Jianjun , Chen Shanliang , Li Weijun , Yang Jiahao , Hu Feng , Wei Qiliang , Zhao Xinsheng , Zhang Xinfeng , Yang Weiyou
Published: June 2022

We reported the exploration of reliable and flexible supercapacitors toward wide-temperature operation based on SiC/CNT composite films, which have long-term cycle stability up to 14 000 cycles under variated temperatures between −30 and 50 °C.
Best practices in the measurement of circularly polarised photodetectors
Authors: Ward Matthew D. , Shi Wenda , Gasparini Nicola , Nelson Jenny , Wade Jessica , Fuchter Matthew J.
Published: June 2022

Here we provide a framework of standardised apparatus and tests which enable rigorous characterisation of the performance of photodetectors sensitive to circular polarisation, enabling meaningful comparisons between devices reported in literature.
Effectiveness of the SCERTS Model–Based Interventions for Autistic Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yi Juhee , Kim Whasoo , Lee Jiwoo
Published: June 2022

Purpose:

This systematic review aimed to examine the effectiveness of the Social Communication, Emotional Regulation, and Transactional Support (SCERTS) Model–based interventions in supporting developmental skills of children who were diagnosed with or at increased likelihood of autism.

Method:

We searched six electronic databases, in addition to Google Scholar and the reference lists, using terms related to SCERTS, the Early Social Interaction project, and autism spectrum disorder. Of the 70 articles, six published between 2014 and 2021 (a total of 455 children) were eligible for inclusion and were analyzed in terms of study design, type of publication, participant characteristics, intervention procedures, and major findings.

Results:

Most reviewed studies that were relatively less vulnerable to the given risk of bias suggested that SCERTS may be an effective approach for promoting children's social communication skills, and implementers were able to achieve an adequate level of intervention fidelity through training. Further implications could not be drawn concerning children's language, reduction in restricted repetitive behaviors, emotional regulation, adaptive behavior, play, cognitive skills, academic competence, and motor skills due to contradicting findings within limited evidence.

Conclusions:

Although SCERTS is a promising intervention with emerging evidence, more methodologically rigorous studies are needed to progress the research base of SCERTS and draw firm conclusions about its effectiveness in improving a wide range of skills for children and implementers. Several areas for future research are discussed.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20151842
Constraints to neutron-star kicks in high-mass X-ray binaries withGaiaEDR3
Authors: Fortin Francis , García Federico , Chaty Sylvain , Chassande-Mottin Eric , Simaz Bunzel Adolfo
Published: June 2022

Context.All neutron star progenitors in neutron-star high-mass X-ray binaries (NS HMXBs) undergo a supernova event that may lead to a significant natal kick impacting the motion of the whole binary system. The space observatoryGaiaperforms a deep optical survey with exquisite astrometric accuracy, for both position and proper motions, that can be used to study natal kicks in NS HMXBs.

Aims.Our aim is to survey the observed Galactic NS HMXB population and to quantify the magnitude of the kick imparted onto their NSs, and to highlight any possible differences arising between the various HMXB types.

Methods.We performed a census of Galactic NS HMXBs and cross-matched existing detections in X-rays, optical, and infrared with theGaiaEarly Data Release 3 database. We retrieved their parallaxes, proper motions, and radial velocities (when available), and performed a selection based on the quality of the parallax measurement. We then computed their peculiar velocities with respect to the rotating reference frame of the Milky Way, and including their respective masses and periods, we estimated their kick velocities through Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations of the orbit undergoing a supernova event.

Results.We infer the posterior kick distributions of 35 NS HMXBs. After an inconclusive attempt at characterising the kick distributions with Maxwellian statistics, we find that the observed NS kicks are best reproduced by a gamma distribution of mean 116−15+18km s−1. We note that supergiant systems tend to have higher kick velocities than Be HMXBs. The peculiar velocity versus non-degenerate companion mass plane hints at a similar trend, supergiant systems having a higher peculiar velocity independently of their companion mass.
TUVO-21acq: A new cataclysmic variable discovered through a UV outburst
Authors: Modiano David , Wijnands Rudy , Buckley David A. H. , Gromadzki Mariusz , Verberne Sill , van Etten Marieke
Published: June 2022

Outbursts from cataclysmic variables, such as dwarf novae (DNe), are prevalent throughout the galaxy and are known to emit strongly in the ultraviolet (UV). However, the UV emission of DN outbursts has not been studied extensively compared with the optical. Detailed characterisation of the physical processes responsible for outburst behaviour requires further UV data, because the UV probes the inner regions of the accretion disc. Here we report, as part of our recently launched Transient UV Objects (TUVO) project, the discovery of TUVO-21acq, a new transient which we detected in the UV using data from the Ultraviolet Optical Telescope (UVOT) aboard Swift. We detected two separate outbursts and used the UVOT data to constrain source properties, focusing on the amplitudes and timescales of the outbursts. We found that during the first outburst the source increased in brightness by at least 4.1, 2.4, and 3.5 mag and during the second outburst by 4.4, 3.4, and 3.6 mag in the UVW1, UVM2, and UVW2 bands, respectively. The outburst durations were in the range of 6–21 days and 11–46 days, and we determined an upper limit for the recurrence time of 316 days. To further characterise the source, we obtained an optical spectrum during quiescence with the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT). The spectrum exhibited hydrogen Balmer series and helium emission lines, and a flat overall spectral shape. We confirm the nature of the source as an accreting white dwarf which underwent DN outburst based on photometric and spectroscopic properties. This study serves as a proof of concept for the TUVO project strategy, demonstrating that it has the capability of discovering and classifying new, interesting UV transients. We also discuss the implications of our findings for our understanding of the physics underlying DN outbursts, in particular with respect to the UV emission. We examine the need for simultaneous UV and optical observations during the onset of DN outbursts in order to help answer remaining questions as to the characteristics and implications of the UV delay, for example.
Cathodic protection of precast, prestressed multistory car park slabs, using a surface applied galvanic zinc layer anode
Authors: Giorgini Roberto , Souchal Frédéric , Grill Michel , Michaux Christophe , Thyes Leon
Published: June 2022

A surface applied galvanic Zinc Layer Anode (ZLA) system was installed on a multistory carpark structure to provide cathodic protection to the soffits of the prestressed hollow concrete slabs, which were suffering from chloride induced corrosion deterioration. This paper evaluates the cathodic protection system performance against the international standard for Cathodic Protection of Steel in Concrete, ISO 12696 [13], 17 months after commissioning.

A surface applied galvanic Zinc Layer Anode was selected to provide cathodic protection, as this offered a low risk of exceeding the hydrogen embrittlement potential and provided a unique application approach, which was compatible with the hollow slab construction.

During the pilot phase, a total of 40 m2 of ZLA was applied into two anode zones and monitored for a month, to prove concept and system performance. Following the pilot phase the remainder of the cathodic protection works were completed, extending to a total concrete area of 320 m2. The installed system was provided with embedded reference electrodes and wired to enable full performance evaluation as per the requirements of ISO 12696. Three battery powered web-based monitoring devices were used for remote system monitoring and performance assessment.

The initial performance data following 17 months of operation, identified that all 12 reference electrodes installed across the 6 anode zones all met the 100mV depolarization criteria within a 24-hour period, as per the requirements of clause 8.6b of ISO 12696. The anode to cathode current was also recorded continuously over this operational period and used to evaluate environmental effects and predicted actual anode service life.
Performance evaluation of patch repairs on historic concrete structures (PEPS): the evolution of conservation repairs on the Historic England Phase II test sites and PEPS Phase II results
Authors: Lauder Nicola , Farrell David
Published: June 2022

Historically, little effort had been made to match patch repairs to culturally significant reinforced concrete structures so that they are effective and sustain the aesthetic values of the structure. The collaborative research project, Performance Evaluation of Patch Repairs on Historic Concrete Structures (PEPS), being undertaken by Getty Conservation Institute (GCI), Historic England (HE) and the Laboratoire de Recherche des Monuments Historiques (LRMH), seeks to address this problem. Through its advice on grant-aided projects, Historic England has tried to achieve effective like-for-like repairs over the last 20 years. The ten English sites selected for the PEPs Phase II non-destructive testing (NDT) includes some of the buildings and structures where this repair work was carried out. Data on site location, specification of repair, environmental conditions, test results and tentative conclusions from this phase of the research is presented in this paper. Five of the sites will be subject to further NDT and destructive testing and sampling as part of Phase III.
Performance evaluation of patch repairs on historic concrete structures (PEPS): preliminary results from an American case study
Authors: Wilkie Simeon , Arato Gonçalves Ana Paula , Gaudette Paul , Harrer Ann
Published: June 2022

While there have been many studies on the performance criteria of concrete patch repairs, there are few specific studies on the long-term performance of patch repairs designed to preserve the aesthetic significance of the original fabric of culturally significant concrete structures. In order to address this issue, the Getty Conservation Institute (GCI), Historic England (HE) and the Laboratoire de Recherche des Monuments Historiques (LRMH) commenced work on an international collaborative research project, ‘Performance Evaluation of Patch Repairs on Historic Concrete Structures’ (PEPS). Begun in 2018, the PEPS project aims to produce practical guidance that will help those repairing historic concrete through the assessment of case studies in the USA, England, and France within a variety of climatic and environmental conditions, typologies, and repair materials. The operational phases of the research project consist of in situ tests and laboratory analyses performed on both the original substrate and previous patch repairs. In this paper, preliminary results from the Phase II & III in-situ assessments of a single case study in the United States of America are presented, and the differences in aesthetic and technical performance between repairs from three different intervention campaigns are discussed.
Effect of healing agents on the rheological properties of cement paste and compatibility with superplasticizer
Authors: Hermawan Harry , Beltran Guadalupe Sierra , Wiktor Virginie , Serna Pedro , Gruyaert Elke
Published: June 2022

Self-healing concrete is considered as a new generation of concrete with the ability to heal cracks without human intervention. The healing agents are incorporated into the concrete to activate the healing mechanism and to improve the healing efficiency. While both lab- and large-scale projects have shown that the addition of healing agents can have a possible positive effect on the hardened concrete properties (e.g. compressive strength), unfortunately, the evaluation of fresh properties of self-healing concrete mixes is often neglected. In the current study, the effect of healing agents is clearly identified starting from the paste level. Different techniques were used to study the effect of healing agents on the consistency, viscosity and adsorption behaviour of PCE-based superplasticizer in cement paste. A crystalline admixture and bacteria were used as healing agents, and CEM III/A was used as the binder component of the paste. The results showed that the inclusion of bacteria did not influence the rheological properties of the cement paste and no incompatibility issues were found with the superplasticizer. On the other hand, the presence of the crystalline admixture in the paste interfered with the rheological properties of the cement paste as a reduction of workability, an increase of paste viscosity, and an increased adsorption of superplasticizer.
Alkali-silica reaction resistance versus susceptibility of geopolymer binders
Authors: Ekolu Stephen , Tchadjié Léonel , Naghizadeh Abdolhossein
Published: June 2022

Alkali–silica reaction (ASR) is a deterioration chemical process that causes expansion along with cracking of cement paste and aggregate particles, resulting in concrete degradation. Numerous factors influence ASR including aggregate reactivity, cement alkali content and moisture availability. Due to the high alkali content of the activator, the risk of ASR could be anticipated to be greater in geopolymer concrete than in Portland cement concrete. This article reviewed the susceptibility or resistance of geopolymer binders to ASR deterioration, based on published data in the literature. Generally, the vulnerability of geopolymer binders to ASR expansion is influenced by two factors comprising, the chemical composition of the aluminosilicate precursor and the alkaline activator solution characteristics. It is evident that low-calcium geopolymer binder systems exhibit very much lower ASR expansion than high-calcium geopolymer binders. Moreover, ASR expansion increases with increase in the alkali (M2O with M = Na, K) concentration of the geopolymer binder mixture and declines as the silicate modulus rises SiO2/M2O. Calcium-rich geopolymer binders have a higher risk that may exhibit ASR attack, owing to the formation of the more expansive sodium-calcium-ASR gel.
Durability variations in reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete (RAAC) – extended abstract
Authors: Goodier Chris , Cavalaro Sergio , Lee Kelvin , Casselden Rebe
Published: June 2022

Reinforced Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (RAAC) was a very common form of construction in the UK and elsewhere in the 1970s, and many of the buildings are now coming to the end of their design life. Although much is known regarding new RAAC (and AAC), many concerns exist regarding their durability, hence the current structural integrity of 40-50 year old RAAC panels, many of which are in use in critical infrastructure such as hospitals, schools and government buildings. Anecdotal evidence and preliminary site observations suggests that there is considerable variation in material properties between different RAAC panels, within the same structure, and across different structures, locations and ages. The aim of this research therefore was to investigate and understand the variability in surface resistivity, sorptivity, permeability, compressive strength, and density of RAAC across a single 2400mm panel, amongst panels from the same structure, and amongst different structures, locations and ages. The research is expected to demonstrate considerable variability in properties and performance, which will have significant implications for the repair, monitoring and management of these critical infrastructure.
Gas chromatography to detect bacteria-based self-healing agents in concrete
Authors: Rossi Emanuele , Vermeer Chris , Tamis Jelmer , Copuroglu Oguzhan , Jonkers Henk
Published: June 2022

In the concrete industry, legal disputes might occur when a built structure performs worse than it was supposed to during the design phase. When dealing with underperformance of self-healing concrete (e.g., no regain of water tightness after cracking), these disputes might likely be related to questioning if healing agents were actually included in the material or not. In this study, a methodology based on Gas chromatography is proposed to detect and quantify poly-lactic acid based-healing agents in cementitious materials. The applicability of this technique for this purpose has been demonstrated on mortar and concrete powders with and without healing agents. The amount of material needed to conduct the experiment is less than 200 mg, making the technique suitable for on-site application to limit any destructive action as much as possible. The application of gas chromatography to detect and quantify healing agent inclusions in concrete has the potential to be extended to other additives, depending on their composition.
Application of vibration singularity analysis, stochastic tool wear, and GPR-MOPSO hybrid algorithm to monitor and optimise power consumption in high-speed milling
Authors: Hoang Tien Dung , Duc Quy Tran , Pham Thi Thieu Thoa , Trinh Nguyen Duy
Published: June 2022

Power consumption in manufacturing direct affects production costs and the environment. Therefore, the process of evaluating and researching power consumption in the machining process is very important. During high-speed milling, the power consumption varie`s due to tool wear and radial deviation. Therefore, a new model power consumption optimization is proposed based on cutting mode factors taking into account tool wear and radial deviation. In the existing power consumption models, studies on the effects of radial deviation and tool wear have not been thoroughly investigated. Stochastic tool wears established during high-speed milling is established in combination with the cutting force analysis model and wavelet singularity vibration point analysis. The nonlinear processes due to stochastic tool wear and cutting edge geometry were considered in the model. To optimize power consumption and establish a model for the real-time prediction of power consumption, a new GPR–MOPSO hybrid algorithm was developed based on Gaussian process regression (GPR) and multi-objective particle swarm optimizations (MOPSO). In order to verify the feasibility proposed monitoring and optimization model, experimental processes high-speed milling have been established. Results showed that the presented improvement model will reduce power consumption by 20.38% compared with manufacturer manuals chosen process parameters.
„Spinal Walker“ nach Bandscheibenvorfall –
ein Fallbericht
Authors: Sehrt Anja
Published: June 2022

Der folgende Fallbericht schildert die konservative, physiotherapeutische
Behandlung eines Hundes, der über ein Jahr an einer Lähmung
beider Hintergliedmaßen litt und durch kontinuierliche Arbeit zu einem
sogenannten „Spinal Walker“ wurde.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Exhibits Antioxidant
Mechanism for Abrogation of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiac Damage and
Oxidative Hepatorenal Toxicity in Rats
Authors: Famurewa Ademola C. , Aja Patrick M. , Medewase John O. , Abi Innocent , Ogbonna Okoro C. , Ofor Casimir C. , Nwonuma Charles O. , Asogwa Nnaemeka T , Erejuwa Omotayo O.
Published: June 2022

Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is a potent DNA-interactive anticancer drug; however, its
clinical drawbacks are chiefly associated with induction of oxidative
multi-organ toxicity. Sitagliptin (STG) is an antidiabetic dipeptidyl
peptidase-4 inhibitor drug with antioxidant efficacy. Herein, we have explored
whether STG could abrogate the CYP-induced oxidative stress-mediated cardiac and
hepatorenal toxicities in male rats. Sitagliptin (20 mg/kg, o.p)
was administered to rats for 5 consecutive days against organ toxicities induced
by CYP (200 mg/kg, i.p) on day 5 only. CYP induced marked
injuries in the liver, kidney and heart underscored by prominent increases in
serum activities of ALT, AST, LDH, creatine kinase and levels of urea, uric acid
and creatinine, while albumin level significantly decreased compared to normal
control rats. Further, CYP considerably reduced the activities of SOD, CAT, GPx,
and levels of GSH, whereas MDA level increased significantly in comparison to
control rats. These biochemical alterations were confirmed by multiple
histopathological lesions in the tissues. Interestingly, the STG pretreatment
abrogated the biochemical and histopathological changes induced by CYP. These
results provide first evidence that repurposing STG may protect the liver,
kidney and heart from the oxidative deterioration associated with CYP
chemotherapy.
Coexistence of Histologically Proven Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis with Other Thyroid Disorders: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Gejoe G. , Yadev I.P. , Kumaran Amrutha , Swasthik K.S. , Chisthi Meer M.
Published: June 2022

Background Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the commonest autoimmune thyroid pathology. It has been reported in increased numbers recently, probably due to the increase in autoimmune diseases across many parts of the world. It is sometimes found associated with other diseases as well as other diseases of the thyroid. There is an unproven association of this condition with thyroid cancer, particularly papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Methods This was a retrospective study performed over a period of 5 years. The objectives of this study were to find out the prevalence of histopathologically proven HT in surgically resected thyroid glands for various indications and its association with other thyroid disorders, especially thyroid malignancies. Total 4,630 patients who underwent thyroidectomy during the study period and met the criteria for inclusion were considered for analysis.

Results Histopathologically proven features of HT were present in 1,295 (28%) of the cases. Among these, 445 (34.36%) had only HT while 850 (65.66%) had HT along with other thyroid diseases. The most common disease associated with HT was multinodular goiter (44.2%), followed by PTC (15.2%). Patients with HT exhibited a higher rate of papillary cancer (16.7%) compared with patients without this pathology (13.8%). Statistically significant association between papillary cancer and HT was found among the female patients.

Conclusion The prevalence of HT in patients undergoing thyroidectomy is high in the studied population. A statistically significant association exists between papillary thyroid cancer and thyroiditis among female patients. This could form the basis for further research along these lines.
Arteriovenous Malformation of Conus Medullaris Fed by the Artery of Desproges-Gotteron
Authors: Bishwas Shahnawas , Islam Md Shafiqul , Shiplu Motasimul Hasan , Rana Md Sumon , Ashfaq Musannah , Rashid Mamunur , Alam Farzana
Published: June 2022

Presence of the artery of Desproges-Gotteron is extremely rare. It has seldom been mentioned in the literature as well. The authors have dealt with a case of a dural arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of conus medullaris fed by the artery of Desproges-Gotteron in a young female of 19 years. The patient presented with a tingling sensation of lower limbs, progressive difficulty walking, and incontinence of the bladder. There was weakness in all groups of muscle of both lower limbs and definite sensory level on examination. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple flow voids at the level of conus medullaris. Spinal digital subtraction angiography (DSA) revealed dural AVM at the level of conus. The patient underwent transarterial embolization with 30% Endocryl(n-butyl cyanoacrylate) in two stages, and repeated spinal DSA revealed no evidence of residual AVM. Patient's neurology gradually improved. Almost 2 years down the line, the follow-up revealed gradual but complete motor and sensory deficits recovery except for occasional burning pain in lower limbs. Spinal AVM supplied by the artery of Desproges-Gotteron is a unique variation. Moreover, the authors believe that it is the first reported case in Bangladesh.
Discovery of Indole-Containing Benzamide Derivatives as HDAC1 Inhibitors with In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Activities
Authors: Gu Xiu , Peng Xin-Yan , Zhang Hao , Han Bo , Jiao Min-Ru , Chen Qiu-Shi , Zhang Qing-Wei
Published: June 2022

Targeting histone deacetylases (HDACs) has become an important focus in cancer inhibition. The pharmacophore of HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) reported so far is composed of three parts: a zinc-binding group (ZBG), a hydrophobic cavity-binding linker, and a surface-recognition cap interacting with HDAC surface located at the rim of active site cavity. This study aims to discover novel HDAC1 inhibitors with potent antitumor activities through modifying the cap and ZBG based on the structures of two marketed oral HDACis: chidamide and entinostat (MS-275). In this work, a series of benzamide derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antitumor activity. The structures of novel compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and ESI-MS (electrospray ionization mass spectrometry), and all target compounds were tested in both HDAC1 enzymatic inhibitory activity and cellular antiproliferative activity. Our data showed that the potent compound 3j exhibited good HDAC1 enzyme inhibitory activity and high antitumor cell proliferation activity against a selected set of cancer cells (PC-3, HCT-116, HUT-78, Jurkat E6–1, A549, Colo205, and MCF-7 cells) with no observed effects on human normal cells. In particular, compound 3j inhibited HDAC1 over the other tested HDAC isoforms (HDAC2, HDAC6, and HDAC8). Encouraged by this, the safety characteristics, molecular docking, preliminary pharmacokinetic characteristics, and antitumor effect in vivo of compound 3j were further investigated. Our data showed that compound 3j demonstrated acceptable safety profiles and favorable oral pharmacokinetic properties. Moreover, compound 3j could bind well with HDAC1 and showed significant antitumor activity in a PC-3 tumor xenograft model in vivo, though not as potent as positive control entinostat (MS-275). In summary, 3j might have therapeutic potential for the treatment of human cancers.