bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Free-range laying hens: using technology to show the dynamics and impact of hen movement
Authors: Ruhnke I. , Boshoff J. , Cristiani I. V. , Schneider D. , Welch M. , Sibanda T. Z. , Kolakshyapati M.
Published: September 2019

Free-range laying hens are provided with the opportunity to access various structural areas, including open floor space, feed areas, water lines, next boxes, perches, aviary tiers, winter gardens and ranges. Different individual location preferences can lead to the development of hen subpopulations that are characterised by various health, welfare and performance parameters. Understanding the complexity of hen movement and hen interactions within their environment provides an opportunity to limit the disadvantages that are associated with housing in loose husbandry systems and aids in decision-making. Monitoring hen movement using modern technologies such as radio-frequency identification (RFID), optical flow patterns, image analysis and three-dimensional (3D) cameras allows the accumulation of big data for data mining, clustering and machine learning. Integrating individual-based management systems into modern flock management will not only help improve the care of under-performing hens, but also ensure that elite hens are able to use their full genetic potential, allowing an ethical, sustainable and welfare friendly egg production. This review highlights the dynamics and impact of hen movement in free-range systems, reviews existing knowledge relevant for feeding hens in non-cage systems, and outlines recent technological advances and strategies to improve the management of free-range laying hens.
Recent advances to improve nitrogen efficiency of grain-finishing cattle in North American and Australian feedlots
Authors: Cowley Frances , Jennings Jenny , Cole Andy , Beauchemin Karen
Published: September 2019

Formulating diets conservatively for minimum crude-protein (CP) requirements and overfeeding nitrogen (N) is commonplace in grain finishing rations in USA, Canada and Australia. Overfeeding N is considered to be a low-cost and low-risk (to cattle production and health) strategy and is becoming more commonplace in the US with the use of high-N ethanol by-products in finishing diets. However, loss of N from feedlot manure in the form of volatilised ammonia and nitrous oxide, and nitrate contamination of water are of significant environmental concern. Thus, there is a need to improve N-use efficiency of beef cattle production and reduce losses of N to the environment. The most effective approach is to lower N intake of animals through precision feeding, and the application of the metabolisable protein system, including its recent updates to estimation of N supply and recycling. Precision feeding of protein needs to account for variations in the production system, e.g. grain type, liveweight, maturity, use of hormonal growth promotants and β agonists. Opportunities to reduce total N fed to finishing cattle include oscillating supply of dietary CP and reducing supply of CP to better meet cattle requirements (phase feeding).
Associations between gastrointestinal-tract function and the stress response after weaning in pigs
Authors: Pluske J. R. , Miller D. W. , Sterndale S. O. , Turpin D. L.
Published: September 2019

Psychosocial stress is a major factor driving gastrointestinal-tract (GIT) pathophysiology and disease susceptibility in both humans and animals. Young weaned pigs typically undergo psychosocial and environmental stressors associated with production practices, including separation from their dam, mixing and crowding stress, transport and changed temperature and air-quality parameters, all of which can have significant deleterious impacts not only on performance but also on GIT structure and function, and, therefore, pig health and welfare. Strategies addressing some of these issues are explored in the current review, as well as discussion pertaining to sexual dimorphism in young pigs linked to stressful experiences, with young female pigs seemingly adversely affected more than their male counterparts. However, mechanisms governing susceptibility to stress-induced GIT functionality and disease remain inadequately understood.
Overcoming nature’s paradox in skeletal muscle to optimise animal production
Authors: Lynch Gordon S. , Koopman René
Published: September 2019

Nature’s paradox in skeletal muscle describes the seemingly mutually exclusive relationship between muscle fibre size and oxidative capacity. In mammals, there is a constraint on the size at which mitochondria-rich, high O2-dependent oxidative fibres can attain before they become anoxic or adapt to a glycolytic phenotype, being less reliant on O2. This implies that a muscle fibre can hypertrophy at the expense of its endurance capacity. Adaptations to activity (exercise) generally obey this relationship, with optimal muscle endurance generally being linked to an enhanced proportion of small, slow oxidative fibres and muscle strength (force and/or power) being linked to an enhanced proportion of large, fast glycolytic fibres. This relationship generally constrains not only the physiological limits of performance (e.g. speed and endurance), but also the capacity to manipulate muscle attributes such as fibre size and composition, with important relevance to the livestock and aquaculture industries for producing specific muscle traits such as (flesh) quality, texture and taste. Highly glycolytic (white) muscles have different traits than do highly oxidative (red) muscles and so the ability to manipulate muscle attributes to produce flesh with specific traits has important implications for optimising meat production and quality. Understanding the biological regulation of muscle size, and phenotype and the capacity to manipulate signalling pathways to produce specific attributes, has important implications for promoting ethically sustainable and profitable commercial livestock and aquaculture practices and for developing alternative food sources, including ‘laboratory meat’ or ‘clean meat’. This review describes the exciting potential of manipulating muscle attributes relevant to animal production, through traditional nutritional and pharmacological approaches and through viral-mediated strategies that could theoretically push the limits of muscle fibre growth, adaptation and plasticity.
DSMZ: the European Union’s first Registered Collection under the Nagoya Protocol
Authors: Yurkov Andrey , Püschner Hilke Marie , Hartman Scholz Amber
Published: September 2019

The Convention on Biological Diversity and the Nagoya Protocol have created new challenges for international microbiological research. With the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol in 2014, the European Union created a new voluntary legal mechanism, the Register of Collections, to help users of collections, including culture collections, have an easier path to Nagoya Protocol compliance by using a so-called ‘registered collection'. The Leibniz Institute DSMZ is the first, and so far only, collection to successfully be entered into the Register. The challenges and lessons learned during this process can be informative for culture collections and users of microbial resources beyond the EU and indeed around the world.
Biobanks – serum and cells – human and animals
Authors: Wright Lynda
Published: September 2019

The Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL), CSIRO is a high-containment facility and a vital part of Australia's national biosecurity infrastructure. AAHL closely collaborates with veterinary and human health agencies globally, as approximately 70 per cent of emerging infectious diseases in people originate in animals. The facility is designed to allow scientific research into the most dangerous infectious agents in the world and contains a large collection of serum and cell lines.
Net precipitation in burned and unburned subalpine forest stands after wildfire in the northern Rocky Mountains
Authors: Williams Chris H. S. , Silins Uldis , Spencer Sheena A. , Wagner Michael J. , Stone Micheal , Emelko Monica B.
Published: September 2019

Wildfire can exert considerable influence on many watershed processes, including the partitioning of precipitation by forest canopies. Despite general acknowledgement that canopy interception is reduced following wildfire, effects on net rainfall and snow accumulation have not been quantified. The objectives of this study were to document net rainfall and snow water equivalent (SWE) in burned and unburned (reference) forest stands over a 10-year period to characterise the effects of severe wildfire on net precipitation in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Differences in summer (June–September) rainfall between burned and reference stands suggest that wildfire reduced rainfall interception by 65%, resulting in a 48% increase in net rainfall from 2006 to 2008. This represented an average annual increase in net rainfall of 122mm (36%) for 10 years after the fire. Similarly, a burned stand had 152mm (78%) higher mean annual peak SWE than a paired reference stand. Collectively, burned stands had 274mm (191–344mm; 51%) more mean annual net precipitation for the first decade after fire. These results suggest that increases in net precipitation are likely following wildfire in subalpine forests and that, owing to the slow growth of these forests, post-fire changes may alter precipitation–runoff relationships for many years.
Aurora B kinase activity is regulated by SET/TAF1 on Sgo2 at the inner centromere
Authors: Asai Yuichiro , Fukuchi Koh , Tanno Yuji , Koitabashi-Kiyozuka Saki , Kiyozuka Tatsuyuki , Noda Yuko , Matsumura Rieko , Koizumi Tetsuo , Watanabe Atsushi , Nagata Kyosuke , Watanabe Yoshinori , Terada Yasuhiko
Published: September 2019

The accurate regulation of phosphorylation at the kinetochore is essential for establishing chromosome bi-orientation. Phosphorylation of kinetochore proteins by the Aurora B kinase destabilizes improper kinetochore–microtubule attachments, whereas the phosphatase PP2A has a counteracting role. Imbalanced phosphoregulation leads to error-prone chromosome segregation and aneuploidy, a hallmark of cancer cells. However, little is known about the molecular events that control the balance of phosphorylation at the kinetochore. Here, we show that localization of SET/TAF1, an oncogene product, to centromeres maintains Aurora B kinase activity by inhibiting PP2A, thereby correcting erroneous kinetochore–microtubule attachment. SET localizes at the inner centromere by interacting directly with shugoshin 2, with SET levels declining at increased distances between kinetochore pairs, leading to establishment of chromosome bi-orientation. Moreover, SET overexpression induces chromosomal instability by disrupting kinetochore–microtubule attachment. Thus, our findings reveal the novel role of SET in fine-tuning the phosphorylation level at the kinetochore by balancing the activities of Aurora B and PP2A.
Enrichment of Aurora B kinase at the inner kinetochore controls outer kinetochore assembly
Authors: Bonner Mary Kate , Haase Julian , Swinderman Jason , Halas Hyunmi , Miller Jenkins Lisa M. , Kelly Alexander E.
Published: September 2019

Outer kinetochore assembly enables chromosome attachment to microtubules and spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) signaling in mitosis. Aurora B kinase controls kinetochore assembly by phosphorylating the Mis12 complex (Mis12C) subunit Dsn1. Current models propose Dsn1 phosphorylation relieves autoinhibition, allowing Mis12C binding to inner kinetochore component CENP-C. Using Xenopus laevis egg extracts and biochemical reconstitution, we found that autoinhibition of the Mis12C by Dsn1 impedes its phosphorylation by Aurora B. Our data indicate that the INCENP central region increases Dsn1 phosphorylation by enriching Aurora B at inner kinetochores, close to CENP-C. Furthermore, centromere-bound CENP-C does not exchange in mitosis, and CENP-C binding to the Mis12C dramatically increases Dsn1 phosphorylation by Aurora B. We propose that the coincidence of Aurora B and CENP-C at inner kinetochores ensures the fidelity of kinetochore assembly. We also found that the central region is required for the SAC beyond its role in kinetochore assembly, suggesting that kinetochore enrichment of Aurora B promotes the phosphorylation of other kinetochore substrates.
GULFMET M.M-S2: Bilateral Comparison of Mass Standards Between TÜBİTAK UME and SASO NMCC
Authors: Kaçmaz Sevda , Kangı Lenara , AlQarni Saud M , AlJuwyr Ahmed A
Published: September 2019

Bilateral comparison of mass standards of 5 mg, 2 g, 50 g, 1 kg and 2 kg was carried out in 2017 between TÜBİTAK UME and SASO NMCC. TÜBİTAK UME was the pilot laboratory and the transfer standards were provided by TÜBİTAK UME. For all mass standards, the results show adequate agreement between the laboratories except 1 kg and 2 g.

KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH

bilateral comparison, mass value, mass standard and mass stability

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
New Optical Soliton Solutions of Nolinear Evolution Equation Describing Nonlinear Dispersion
Authors: Owyed Saud , Abdou M. A. , Abdel-Aty Abdel-Haleem , Saha Ray S.
Published: September 2019

In this work, we examine two algorithm schemes, namely, Kudryashov expansion and Auxiliary equation method for obtaining new optical soliton solutions of the discrete electrical lattice models in nonlinear scheme (Salerno equation). Our solutions obtained here are include the hyperbolic, rational, and trigonometric functions. Our two used methods are proved to be effective and powerful methods in obtaining the exact solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs).
Study of the FCNH Coupling with Boosted Higgs at LHC*
Authors: Bao Shou-Shan
Published: September 2019

We present a study about the flavor changing coupling of the top quark with the Higgs boson through the channel

pp
→
Ht

/

t

¯

with

H
→
b

b

¯

at LHC. The final states considered for the such process are

l

±

+

E

T

+
3
b

. We focus on the boosted region in the phase space of the Higgs boson. The backgrounds and events are simulated and analyzed. The sensitivities for the FCNH couplings are estimated. It is found that it is more sensitive for

y

tu

than

y

tq

at LHC. The upper limits of the FCNH couplings can be set at LHC with 3000

fb

−
1

integrated luminosity as

|

y

tu

|

2

=
1.1
×

10

−
3

and

|

y

tc

|

2

=
7.2
×

10

−
3

at 95% C.L.
Inflationary Cosmology with Quantum Gravitational Effects and Swampland Conjectures*
Authors: Wu Qiang , Zhu Tao
Published: September 2019

Recently proposed two swampland criteria that arising from string theory landscape leads to the important challenge of the realization of single-field inflationary models. Especially one of swampland criteria which implies a large tensor-to-scalar ratio is strongly in tension with recent observational results. In this paper, we explore the possibility the swampland conjectures could be compatible with single-field inflationary scenarios if the effects due to the quantum theory of gravity are considered. We show that the quantum gravitational effects due to the nonlinear dispersion relation provides significant modifications on the amplitude of both the scalar and tensor perturbation spectra. Such modifications could be either raise or reduce the perturbation spectra depending on the values of the parameters in the nonlinear terms of the dispersion relations. Therefore, these effects can reduce the tensor-to-scalar ratio to a smaller value, which helps to relax the tension between the swampland conjecture and observational data.
Study on the Amyloid Aβ42 with Accelerated Molecular Dynamics Simulations*
Authors: Huang Kai-Fang , Dong Shu-Heng , Zhong Su-Su , Li Hao , Duan Li-Li
Published: September 2019

One major cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is evidently due to the aggregation and deposition of amyloid β peptides (Aβ) in the brain tissue of the patient. Preventing misfolding and self-aggregation of Aβ protein can reduce the formation of highly toxic polymer, which is important for the treatment of AD. Among them, the α-helix consisting of 42 residues (Aβ42) is the main component of senile plaques in AD. In this paper, 500 ns accelerated molecular dynamics are performed at different temperatures (300 K, 350 K, 400 K, 450 K) to study of the effect of temperature-induced conformation changes of Aβ42 protein during the unfolding process respectively.
Pati Janeng Adhesive Durian Shellbiobriquette (Durio dibethinus Murr)
Authors: Saudah  , Irhamni  , Diana  , Ernilasari  , Suzanni M. A
Published: September 2019

Biobriket is an alternative energy substitute for fuel produced from organic materials or agricultural waste (biomass) that is underutilized, especially durian skin waste. This study aims to see the effect of differences in ash content, calorific value and biorquette flame test. The making of this biobriquette uses 1: 2 starch from the biobriket weight, the biobriquette particle size is 80 mesh, the cylindrical biobriket form. The results showed that the biobriquette produced had met the fuel standards for households. Durian skin biobriket produces 1.8% water content with a burning rate of 1.3150 kg/minute. Based on the test of water content and combustion rate, the biobriquette obtained can be used as an environmentally friendly fuel.
Analysis of Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) Content in Sediments and Faunus ater at Bale Lhoknga Aceh Besar District
Authors: Agustina Rahmi , Sarong M. Ali , Yulianda Fredinan , Suhendrayatna  , Rahmadi  , Lelifajri
Published: September 2019

Faunus ater is a favoritemollusca that is often found on the Bale River. Local people use these snails as food for consumption along with their main food. Bale River itself is located adjacent to the cement factory, used water washing machines distributed to the river is feared to support the presence of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) metals in the river. This study aims to analyze the relationship of Pb and Zn content in sediments to the content of Pb and Zn in Faunus ater. Data collection was carried out in Februari until April 2018. The relationship between Pb and Zn content in sediments with Pb and Zn content in the body of Faunus ater was analyzed by correlation analysis. The results of the data analysis showed that the metal content of Pb and Zn in sediment and Faunus aterwere found to vary. The highest Pb content in sediment was found at station 2 in March, amounting to 32.87 mg / kg. while the highest Zn content was found at station 1 in March amounting to 84 mg / kg. The relationship of heavy metals Pb and Zn in sediments to the content of Pb and Zn in the body of Faunus ater showed a negative correlation. The conclusion of this study is that there is no correlation between the content of Pb and Zn heavy metals in sediments on the content of lead Pb and Zn in the body of Faunus ater at the Bale Lhoknga River in Aceh Besar District.
Fortification of Yellow Potatoes Sweet Flour and Jamblang Fruit Paste (Syzygiumcumini) in the Making of Biscuits on it’s Sensoric Characteristics and Mineral Content
Authors: Irmayanti  , Fitriyana Liya
Published: September 2019

Biscuits are consumed by all age groups, both babies and adults with different types. However, commercial biscuits on the market have a less balanced nutritional content (Setyowati and Nisa, 2014). Most biscuits have high carbohydrate and fat content, while mineral content is relatively low and does not contain antioxidants. For this reason, researchers make mineral-rich biscuits and finding out the level of acceptance of panelists through a hedonic test of the biscuits produced. This research will use factorial completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 2 (two) factors. The first factor is the concentration of yellow sweet potatoes flour consisting of 3 (three) levels : K1 (20%), K2 (40%), K3 (60%). The second factor was the concentration of jamblang fruit paste that consists of 3 (three) levels: J1 (15%), J2 (30%) and J3 (45%) of 200 grams in total flour. The treatment combination in this study was 3x3 (nine) treatments. Furthermore, this study used 3 (three) replications, resulting in 27 (twenty seven) unit of experiments. The analysis carried out in the study were ash content and organoleptic test consisting of color, taste, odor and texture. The addition of yellow sweet potatoes flour has a very significant effect (P≥0.01) on ash content, and organoleptic value of taste, color, odor and texture. The addition of jamblang fruit paste had a very significant effect (P≥0.01) on the organoleptic value of taste, odor and texture, and had a significant effect (P≥0.05) on the organoleptic value of the biscuit color and had no significant effect (P 5 0.05) on biscuit ash content. The interaction of the addition of yellow sweet potatoes flour with the addition of jamblang fruit paste had a very significant effect (P≥0.01) on the organoleptic value of smell and texture, and had a significant effect (P≥0.05) on the organoleptic value of the biscuit color and had an unreal effect (P ≤ 0.05) to the ash content of the organoleptic value of the biscuit flavor.
Phytochemical Screening and Chemical Analysis of Ethanol Extract of Kari Leaves (Murayya koeginii) Using GC-MS Method
Authors: Jelita  , Wirjosentono Basuki , Tamrin  , Marpaung Lamek
Published: September 2019

Kari leaves (Murraya koeginii) uses as seasoning material for many kinds of food in Aceh and it can be used for health treatment because of it consists of flavonoid, steroid and phenolic that has activity as antioxidant and antibacterial. The aim of this research is to determine the phytochemistry component of ethanol extract of Kari leaves. The extraction process was conducted using maceration technique in ethanol 96% (1:3 w/v). The determination of extract content of Kari leaves was performed using GC-MS. The yield of extract was about 17,68% and the phytochemical screening showed the presence of phenolic, terpenoid/steroid, flavonoid, tannin and saponin. The GC-MS analysis revealed that the ethanol extract of Kari leaves has 47 compounds, which the major content is vitamin E (12,18%), beta-caryophyllene (7,67%), pyrazine, tetrakis(1-methylethyl) (10,58%), N, N-Dimethyl-Tridecylamine (6,81%) andd-Nerolidol (7,32%). This result indicated the ethanol extract of Kari leaves has activity as antioxidant and antibacterial.
Analysis of Metamfetamine Coumpounds in the Shabu-Shabuhair using Sonication and Gcms Methods
Authors: Dalimunthe Nur Asyiah , Alfian Zul , BasukiWirjosentono  , Marpaung Harlem , Bakhroni  , Siswa Indra , Yogi Pra , Rifki Aulia
Published: September 2019

Hair can be used as an option in analyzing the levels of methamphetamine in the hair of shabu-shabu users. The research aimed to find out the optimum solvent was used in the extraction of sonication method in qualitative analysis of methamphetamine in the hair of shabu-shabu users, and to determine the levels of methamphetamine in the hair of shabu-shabu users from sonication-based analytes using GCMS. Hair samples of drug users of methamphetamine were collected from the Rehabilitation Center of Datuk Etam - Tj. Morawa. The hair collected is the user’s hair after 0-14 days, 30 days, 150 days, 210 days after narcotics use. The results showed that methamphetamine could be detected in hair specimens with a marquis test which gave a brownish yellow discoloration. The optimum solvent was used in the extraction of sonication method in the qualitative analysis of methamphetamine in hair using methamphetamine: acetone: ammonia.Levels of methamphetamine in the hair of shabu-shabu users from sonication-based analytes by means of injecting 1μL into GCMS in the hair sample of user 1 on day 0-14 = 1.10; day 60 = 1.03; day 150 = 0.93; Day 210 = 0.71. 2nd user on day 0-14 = 1.04; day 60 = 1.00; day 150 = 0.88; Day 210 = 0.71. 3rd user on day 0-14 = 1.09; day 60 = 1.01; day 150 = 0.81; day 210 = 0.73. 4th user on day 0-14 = 1.00; day 60 = 0.92; day 150 = 0.86; day 210 = 0.69. 5th user on day 0-14 = 1.02; day 60 = 0.89; day 150 = 0.77; day 210 = 0.64.
Duku’s Mistletoe Leaves (Dendrohtoe pentandra (L.) Miq) Collected from North Sumatera as Botanical Insecticides
Authors: Hardiyanti Rini , Marpaung Lamek , Adnyana I Ketut , Simanjuntak Partomuan
Published: September 2019

Duku’s mistletoe leaves (Dendrophtoe pentandra (L.) Miq) is a parasitic plant part with botanical insecticides quality. Preliminary test was done using phenolic extract test with FeCl3 to know the content of the leaves’s phenolic compound and its toxicity effect. The effects of the toxicity were observed with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. D. pentandra are extracted until the total flavonoids are obtained. Test results on its methanolic extract, n-hexane extract, and total flavonoid showed that the extract had cytotoxic potency to shrimp larvae LC50 value of 13.95 μg/ml, 41.59 μg/ml and 7.59 μg/ml respectively. The results showed that the extract of duku’s mistletoe leaves was toxic. These results can be used as a basis to use duku’s mistletoe leaves as an alternative to organo-synthethic insecticides in agricultural product pests control.
Extraction and characterization of cellulose fiber of durian rinds from north sumatera as the raw material for textile fiber
Authors: Lubis Rosliana , Riyanto  , Wirjosentono Basuki , Eddyanto  , Septevani Amanda
Published: September 2019

Cellulose is a kind of biopolymer that abundance in nature. Cellulose has been utilized in the wide area, i.e. textile fibre. Cellulose fibre for this kind of application was obtained from the fibre of pineapple, bamboo, hemp, jute, flax, kenaf and banana. Textile fibre based on cellulose is known as rayon, a derivate of cellulose. The aim of this research is to extract and characterize the cellulose fibre that obtained from durian rinds as the alternative of textile fibre. The characterization for the cellulose fibre including FT-IR, SEM, DSC, and XRD. The FT-IR spectra showed the heating treatment around 70-80°C can separate the lignin and hemicellulose from the durian rinds. SEM analysis showed the similar result, the heating process during the alkalization treatment able to separate lignin from the cellulose matrix, that was shown with the smoothest surface of cellulose fibre. DSC thermogram for the cellulose without heating process showed two peaks at 406 and 443°C. The lower value was obtained for the cellulose with heating process that showed at 362 and 386°C. Crystallinity degree of the obtained cellulose was 68 and 47% for without and with heating process, respectively.
Estimating Fish Length Based on Web Service Application
Authors: Islamadina Raihan , Pramita Nuriza
Published: September 2019

One parameter for identifying a fish is its body length. To identify the length of fish, it is still done manually using a meter. Manual measurement results in difficulties that are considered inappropriate, less effective and require a long time, especially in large quantities. For this reason, a fish length measuring system is implemented using a web service application that can facilitate measurement to be more effective and efficient. The stage starts from the fish shooting process using an Android camera. Furthermore, in the web application, the image is pre-processing, which is to change the color image into a grayscale image and do the color equation in the background. The grayscale image is segmented object in the form of separation of objects that are not needed in an image of the fish and remove the non-important part of the object to be addressed. Then proceed with the feature extraction process to get the estimated length of the fish. The simulation results show that the web service application system is able to produce an accuracy rate of estimated fish length from 90% to 98%.
The Correlation between Professional Development Training and English Teachers’ Competence
Authors: Putri Zaiyana , Yoestara Marisa , Aziz Zulfadli A. , Yusuf Yunisrina Q.
Published: September 2019

This study focuses on finding the correlation between professional development training and English teachers’ competence in Pidie regency. This study belongs to a correlational study with the total sample of 30 English teachers of senior high school both state and private schools in Pidie regency. In collecting the data, the writers administered two set of questionnaires that asks about teachers’ opinion about the training given and perception about their competence.Then in analyzing the obtained data, the writers used Pearson Product moment correlation formula. All obtained data were calculated by using SPSS software. The findings of the study revealed that there is a strong correlation between professional development training and English teachers competence with the coefficient correlation value or r value of 0.75.
Interactive Control using Bluetooth for Dual Axis Sun Tracker with Three Light Sensors
Authors: Away Yuwaldi , Yanti Yeni , Rizal M.Syamsu , Novandri Andri
Published: September 2019

The use of renewable energy from solar panel systems is increasingly being applied, but until now the utilization has not been maximized. The movement of the sun caused by the rotation of the earth should be taken into account to maximize electrical energy in the solar panel (PV). In this study, a concept was proposed to control the movement of the two-axis sun tracker with smartphones using bluetooth communication. Controlled by rotating two DC motors, two axes are joined together into linear actuators that can extend and shorten, so that the solar panel can move towards the sun. This system uses a light sensor (Light Dependent Resistor) and a gyroscope sensor as input and two DC motors that are placed on each axis as output. The motor driver used is the Monster Moto Shield. Sun tracker that is used based on tetrahedron geometry and uses three light sensors. The light sensor functions to determine the position of the sun while the gyroscope sensor is used to determine the tilt angle of the solar panel. The gyroscope module used is MPU-6050. This system also uses the GY-273 compass sensor which functions to determine the direction of the wind direction. Components of input and output are connected to the ATmega328P microcontroller and wireless communication using bluetooth. The Bluetooth module used is the HC-05 module. The solar panel movement and the power obtained are then monitored and recorded for analysis
Enhancement of Quality of Nutmeg Oil Using Rotary Vaccumm Evaporator
Authors: Hasmita Ida , Redha Fauzi , Junaidy Rio
Published: September 2019

One business opportunity in terms of increasing the economic value of nutmeg is the content of essential oils in nutmeg. The nutmeg oil producing area in Aceh province is centralized in South Aceh Region. Nutmeg oil has a distinctive aroma and high oil yield. The quality of nutmeg oil is determined by the content of myristicin which gives a distinctive aroma to nutmeg oil [1]. In terms of improving the quality of nutmeg oil, purification process are carried out with a rotary vacumm evaporator in order to isolate myristicin which is an active compound of nutmeg oil. The isolation process to purify nutmeg oil was carried out at an operating pressure of 300 mbar and temperature of 450 °C was increase myristicin content up to 53.41%. Test results of characteristics such as specific gravity, refractive index have meet the requirement of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 06-2388-2006.
Quality of Rice Bran Submitted to Different Stabilization Procedures during Storage Periods
Authors: Saidi Ida Agustini , Efendi Nur , Sulistiyowati Wiwik , Cahyana Atikha Sidhi
Published: September 2019

Rice bran is rarely used as food substance as fresh rice bran immediately decreasing in quality after milling process. This quality degradation may be solved by various methods of stabilization to extend rice bran shelf life. This research aimed to study quality degradation of rice bran submitted to different stabilization procedures during storage periods. Randomized Complete Block Design arranged as factorial was used in this experiment and was replicated three times. The first factor was stabilization methods, comprises of five treatments, those were control (without stabilization); stabilization with oven on temperature 105 °C for one hour; stabilization by roasting on pan with temperature 105 °C for 12 minutes; stabilization with microwave oven with power of 800 watts for two minutes; and stabilization with autoclave temperature 121 °C for three minutes, followed by heating in oven temperature 121 °C for 15 minutes. The second factor was storage periods, those were 5 days; 50 days; and 100 days variables observed in this experiment were comprises of moisture; lipid; free fatty acid; and peroxide. Result of the research showed that stabilization affects moisture and lipid content of rice bran flour, the higher the moisture, the lower the lipid content. Stabilization decreased rice bran flour moisture and those resulted in lower degradation of lipid content during storage periods. Roasting on a pan and heating in microwave oven gave the lowest moisture. Moisture increased on 50 days storage and decreased on 100 days and those tent to affect FFA and peroxide in line with moisture.
Creating Synergy between Village Midwives and Traditional Midwives: To Reduce the Mortality Rate of Mothers and Babies: In the Central Kluet Sub-District Health Centre in South Aceh
Authors: Masyudi  , Usman Said
Published: September 2019

Traditional midwives have been helping assist with birthing from ages past. Traditional midwives are still trusted by villagers to assist with birthing even though official village midwives have now been appointed to every village. The reason that some mothers choose traditional midwives is that they provide assistance with birthing that is more in accordance with the traditional social customs of the people and they are already well known because they come from the village area. The purpose of this study was to get information about the reasons why the traditional midwives are stll providing birthing services and to see if there are opportunities for transfer of knowledge from the village midwives who works for the health service to the traditional midwives so that they can all work together. This study was done with the Central Kluet Sub-District Health Centre or Puskesmas in South Aceh District using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The results of this study showed the women who gave birth in 2016 still used the services of a traditional midwife because the belief in them had been handed down and because the administration or rather lack of it was easy. The techniques for handling the data used reduction and triangulation of the data from the start so that as the data was gathered it was processed continuously to get early results which could be verified with the later data.
Electrical and sensitivity properties of ZnO/TiO2 heterojunction nanocomposites for ammonia gas sensor
Authors: Chaiyo P. , Makhachan C. , Nutariya J. , Thiabgoh O. , Sumran S. , Pukird S.
Published: September 2019

The ZnO/TiO2 heterojunction nanocomposites were synthesized via a thermal process. The morphology of the samples showed TiO2 nanoparticles with rang of 50 – 100 nm in diameter and ZnO nanoparticles with size of upper than 100 nm. The XRD patterns of ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposites indicate ZnO, anatase, and rutile phases. The current - voltage characteristics of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles, and ZnO/TiO2 heterojunction nanocomposites show behaviour of ohmic contact materials. The material sensitivity was measured under an ammonia atmosphere for 200 seconds at room temperature. The results showed maximum response of ZnO/TiO2 nanoparticles with 27.30 for 200 seconds.
The Physical and Optical Properties of Glasses from Local Sand in Nakhon Pathom Province
Authors: Rachniyom W , Sakunsuk T , Ruengsri S , Kaewkhao J
Published: September 2019

In this work, local sand in Mueang and Kamphaeng Saen district of Nakhon Pathom Province were used as raw material in glasses. The glass samples were prepared in formula 45SiO2 : 20B2O3 : 10BaO : 25Na2O by melt and quenching technique. Four difference raw SiO2 of glass samples were prepared by local general (GM) and fine sand of Mueang size 150 μm (GM150) and local general (GK) and fine sand of Kamphaeng Saen size 150 μm (GK150). These samples were investigated physical and optical properties to compare with glass from high silica commercial grade (GS). The density and refractive index values of glass from local sand have close to reference glass around 2.6700-2.6896 g/cm3 and 1.5376-1.5391, respectively. The Vicker’s hardness of glasses were in good acceptable values around 393.2-465 HV. While, the optical properties of glasses from local sand were differed to reference glass. The absorption spectra of glasses from local sand were occurred the contamination of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions in wavelength of 440 nm and 1,050 nm. This contamination of iron oxide was obtained from local sand. However, this experiment demonstrates that possibility of utilizing local sand in glass production.
Effect of substrate feature on surface morphologies and properties of ITO films deposited by RF magnetron sputtering
Authors: Tongdee Prasit , Boonyopakorn Narongchai
Published: September 2019

ITO films were deposited on c-Si wafer, and two glass substrates by RF magnetron sputtering at constant RF power, and substrate temperature of 60 W, and 450°C respectively. The surface morphologies of the substrates were analyzed before and after film depositions by AFM measurements. The crystalline structural, electrical, and optical properties were analyzed after film depositions by XRD, Hall measurement, and UV-Vis spectrophotometer respectively. It was found that, with lower surface roughness, the deposited ITO films showed significant larger domain-grain structure, lower surface roughness, and higher (400) preferred orientation than that deposited on the substrate with higher surface roughness, with the transmittances of higher than 80% for both substrates. From the structural, and electrical properties, it implied that, with higher surface roughness, the carrier concentrations was contributed mainly from the Sn substitution, whereas it was dominant from the oxygen deficiency for the lower surface roughness substrate. The deposited ITO film with lower resistivity and high transmittance can be achieved for the films deposited on lower substrate surface roughness.
Magnetic Behaviors of Ca2FeMoO6 without Double Mixture Gas Protection under Heat Treatment
Authors: Sareein T , Albutt N
Published: September 2019

The Ca2FeMoO6 ceramics powder were prepared by solid state reaction involving compression and high temperature calcine. The magnetic properties arise from the environments of the Fe 3+ and Mo 5+ oxidation states which can be modified, with heat treatment at 800 °C and different dwell times exhibited the largest hysteresis loop at 50 K. In addition, the CFMO powder at the high temperature of 800 °C for 10 hours exhibited a high Ms~1.494 emu/g at 50 K and ~0.601emu/g at room temperature. Using the Curie-Weiss law fitting to determine μeff~28.121μB high spin of Fe and Mo, and a negative θ indicates antiferromagnetic characteristics of the CFMO sample.
Modelling of titanium oxynitride films for decorative coating by using response surface methodology
Authors: Sattha Chanawee , Sakdanuphab Rachsak , Kedkaew Cittra , Sakulkalavek Aparporn
Published: September 2019

In this work, titanium oxynitride films were deposited on SS316L and Si-wafer substrates using reactive DC magnetron sputtering. An experimental design and statistical analysis were applied for the thin film coating. The experiment software (Design-Expert Software) was used to design the deposition parameters, including the plasma current density (10-25 mA/cm2) and N2 gas flow rate (20–60 sccm) by maintaining O2 gas flow rate. Response surface methodology based on a central composite design was used to empirically model the influence of the plasma current density (I) and N2 (N) flow rate on the CIE colour system of titanium oxynitride thin films. The model fitting equations for two colour channels (a* and b*) were obtained and represented by a* = –26.65 + 0.67N + 2.92I + 0.02NI – 0.01N
2 – 0.12I
2 and b* = 4.83 – 1.05N + 1.72I – 0.02NI + 0.02N
2 – 0.03I
2. In addition, the effects of current density and N2 flow rate on the chemical composition of TiON films were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The titanium 2p (Ti2p) spectra indicated that the TiON and TiO2 structures depended on the deposition parameters. Additionally, the increase in N2 flow rate and current density affected the increase of the TiN structure. Cytotoxicity was performed on the Ti sheet and the TiON film on SS316L by assessing the cellular response to L929 fibroblast cells. The result shows that the TiON film on SS316L exhibits good biocompatibility with the L929 fibroblast cells.
Effect of milling techniques on the particle characteristics of conductive Pr-substituted YBa2Cu3O7-y compound
Authors: Prayoonphokkharat P. , Wannasut P. , Sriprachuabwong C. , Tuantranont A. , Watcharapasorn A.
Published: September 2019

In this work, the effects of milling techniques on Pr-substituted YBa2Cu3O7-y (YPrBCO) particles were investigated. The Pr-substituted YBa2Cu3O7-y powders were prepared by solid-state reaction method. The stoichiometric mixtures of Y2O3, BaCO3, CuO and Pr6O11 starting powders were calcined at 880 °C for 12 h in air to form respective compounds. The resulting products were milled for 4 – 12 h using the conventional ball milling technique and for 4 h using the high-energy planetary ball milling method. The phase and structure identification of powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The microstructure and chemical composition were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS). The XRD patterns indicated that the pure phase of YPrBCO powders was obtained. For this material system, the conventional ball mill technique gave particles having a relatively wide particle size distribution with a maximum size of ~2 μm regardless of milling time. In contrast, the narrower particle size distribution was observed for the YPrBCO powder obtained from the high-speed ball milling method and the largest particle size did not exceed 100 nm. These results showed that the powder produced by the high-speed ball milling technique could have a potential use in colloidal solution for printed thermoelectric film.
Structural and Optical Properties of Si Nanostructures
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Sharma Ashok , Agarwal Ajay
Published: September 2019

Silicon nanostructures were realized using metal assisted chemical etching of silicon wafer (100) for two different etching times: 5 minute and 10 minute. Structural and optical properties of silicon nanostructures were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and photoluminescence (PL). XRD analysis probes the changes in crystallinity during etching and reveals reflection plane (220) of obtained silicon nanostructures. UV and visible spectra of photoluminescence from Si nanostructures suggest the optically active nature of Si at nanoscale and confinement of carrier. These results show that the structural and optical properties of Si nanostructures strongly depend on etching time of silicon wafer.
Structural and Optical Characteristics of Nanoscale Semiconductor Lasers for Telecommunication and Biomedical Applications: A Review
Authors: Vijay Jayprakash , Singh Kulwant , Soni Dimple , Rathi Amit
Published: September 2019

This paper presents the structural and optical characteristics of nanoscale semiconductor lasers for telecommunication and biomedical applications. Improved fabrication techniques, new materials and nano-scale heterostructures have led to improvement in the device performance. The material selection and their bandgap have an important role in the heterostructure to generate a lasing wavelength for particular applications. The bandgap modification can be done by the use of alloy semiconductor, quantum well structure, and strain layer epitaxy without changing the material itself. Semiconductor multilayers on the substrate are generally grown by using the metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) process. Many researchers have provided different designs of heterostructures for the lasers. Generally, lasers are manufactured by using different semiconductor layers grown on GaAs, InP or GaSb substrate at the nanoscale. But controlling the thickness of the layer grown on the substrate at the nanoscale is the major problem in the fabrication. In a study, it has been found that for the proper functioning of semiconductor lasers it is beneficial to have light conduction and valence band masses. By using band structure engineering theory of quantum confinement and incorporation of strain on the active layer, this problem can be resolved. Red lasers are currently used in biomedical applications for treatment of superficial skin diseases like psoriasis, vitiligo etc. The manufacturing of red laser was earlier done by using nitrides material but they are harmful to skin and are expensive as well. An alternative for designing of red laser is manufacturing red lasers by using phosphides. The red laser is manufactured by using GaInP and AlGaInP ternary and quaternary compounds are widely used in the biomedical industry currently. This paper is the outcomes of the papers presented by many researchers in the field of optoelectronics.
Simulating 1.55 µm Optical Gain in Type-II InAlAs/InGaAs/GaAsSb Nanoscale Heterostructure
Authors: Khan A. M. , Bhardwaj Garima , Abu-Samak M. , Saeed S. H. , Alvi P. A.
Published: September 2019

This particular work has been designed to give an idea regarding W shaped nano based type II heterostructure and for the above particular design simulation concept have also been carried out in a theoretical way to obtain optical gain for the given material system InAlAs/InGaAs/GaAsSb, which is used to be operated at 1.55 µm near IR. The designed heterostructure contains two quantum wells (width ∼ 2 nm) of InGaAs material. To solve the carrier’s localities within the heterostructure, k.p method has been adopted. As far as calculations are concerned we have opted a defined phenomena to measure the significant characteristics with respective to optical nature like dispersion, gain and many other properties have also been found in order to get good results that would be helpful to emit radiations of the order of the working wavelength and to employ great communication systems applications that can be optical fiber based
Effect of Fe Doping on Magnetic Behavior of SnO2 Nanoparticles for Spintronics Applications
Authors: Sharma Mayuri , Doila S. N. , Kumar Shalendra , Alvi P. A.
Published: September 2019

Doping of magnetic ion (Transition metal) in oxide based semiconducting material at nanoscale level serves a variety of spintronics based applications. In order to understand the influence of doping concentration of Fe ions on the magnetic behavior of semiconducting oxides, we have synthesized Fe doped tin oxide nanoparticles with 1 and 2% doping concentration via chemical co-precipitation method and then magnetic measurements have been taken through Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) at 5K and 300K temperatures for both the samples. Various magnetic quantities such as coercivity (Hc), saturation magnetization (Ms), remanent magnetization (Mr) have been extracted from the obtained hysteresis loops and found reduction in their values with increasing doping concentration which might corresponds to the tuning of oxygen defects created due to the substitution of dopant ions in the host lattice. In this way, our study can contribute to fulfill the necessity of ferromagnetism based applications such as data storage devices, gas sensors, communication, quantum computation etc.