bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dietary Acid Load and Human Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Abbastabar Maryam , Mohammadi-Pirouz Zahra , Omidvar Shabnam , Bakhtiari Afsaneh , Crowe Francesca L , Sepidarkish Mahdi
Published: February 2025

Context

Dietary acid load (DAL) plays an important role in different aspects of human health.

Objective

The aim of this meta-analysis was to systematically synthesize the observational evidence reporting on the associations between the DAL (represented by a potential renal acid load [PRAL] and net endogenous acid production [NEAP]) and a range of health outcomes.

Data Sources

A systematic search of Medline (via PubMed), EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed to identify eligible studies.

Data Extraction

Study screening and risk-of-bias assessment were conducted by 2 independent reviewers.

Data Analysis

The credibility of each outcome was graded based on predefined criteria: pooled effect size with corresponding 95% CI, 95% prediction interval, heterogeneity, small-study effect, and excess significance bias. In total, 118 observational studies (case-control [n = 22], cross-sectional [n = 65], and cohort [n = 31]) on 38 outcomes were included, incorporating a total population of 1 014 081 participants. Overall, 21/37 and 20/38 of the outcomes reported statistically significant effect sizes for PRAL and NEAP, respectively. The credibility of the evidence for PRAL was rated convincing (class I) for type 2 diabetes (T2D), and as highly suggestive evidence (class II) for overall cancer and systolic blood pressure. By assessing the credibility of the evidence for NEAP, T2D and overall cancer presented convincing evidence (class I) and breast cancer presented highly suggestive evidence (class II). The remaining outcomes presented class III (suggestive) or lower evidence (weak or no association).

Conclusion

The higher acid-forming potential of diet was associated with a higher risk of T2D and overall cancer. Since this meta-analysis included observational studies and some of the associations were graded as weak, caution should be exercised in interpreting these associations. Further cohort studies are required with consideration of other factors that can cause biases.

Systematic Review Registration

PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022336050.
Enhancing lipid production in plant cells through automated high-throughput genome engineering and phenotyping
Authors: Dong Jia , Croslow Seth W , Lane Stephan T , Castro Daniel C , Blanford Jantana , Zhou Shuaizhen , Park Kiyoul , Burgess Steven , Root Mike , Cahoon Edgar B , Shanklin John , Sweedler Jonathan V , Zhao Huimin , Hudson Matthew E
Published: February 2025

Plant bioengineering is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process with no guarantee of achieving desired traits. Here, we present a fast, automated, scalable, high-throughput pipeline for plant bioengineering (FAST-PB) in maize (Zea mays) and Nicotiana benthamiana. FAST-PB enables genome editing and product characterization by integrating automated biofoundry engineering of callus and protoplast cells with single-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). We first demonstrated that FAST-PB could streamline Golden Gate cloning, with the capacity to construct 96 vectors in parallel. Using FAST-PB in protoplasts, we found that PEG2050 increased transfection efficiency by over 45%. For proof-of-concept, we established a reporter-gene-free method for CRISPR editing and phenotyping via mutation of high chlorophyll fluorescence 136. We show that diverse lipids were enhanced up to 6-fold using CRISPR activation of lipid controlling genes. In callus cells, an automated transformation platform was employed to regenerate plants with enhanced lipid traits through introducing multigene cassettes. Lastly, FAST-PB enabled high-throughput single-cell lipid profiling by integrating MALDI-MS with the biofoundry, protoplast, and callus cells, differentiating engineered and unengineered cells using single-cell lipidomics. These innovations massively increase the throughput of synthetic biology, genome editing, and metabolic engineering and change what is possible using single-cell metabolomics in plants.
Oxidative adaptations in prokaryotes imply the oxygenic photosynthesis before crown-group Cyanobacteria
Authors: Zeng Zichao , Li Liuyang , Wang Heng , Tao Yuxin , Lv Zhenbo , Wang Fengping , Wang Yinzhao
Published: February 2025

The metabolic transition from anaerobic to aerobic in prokaryotes reflects adaptations to oxidative stress. Methanogen, one of the earliest life forms on Earth, has evolved into three major groups within the Euryarchaeota, exhibiting different phylogenetic affiliations and metabolic characters. In comparison with other strictly anaerobic methanogenic groups, the Class II methanogens possess a better capability to adapt to limited oxygen pressure. Cyanobacteria is considered the first and only prokaryote evolving oxygenic photosynthesis and is responsible for the Great Oxidation Event on Earth. However, the connection between oxygenic Cyanobacteria and evolutionary adaptations to oxidative stress in prokaryotes remains elusive. Here, through the gene encoding structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein, which was horizontally transferred from ancient Class II methanogens to the last common ancestor of the crown-group Cyanobacteria, we demonstrate that the origin of extant Cyanobacteria was undoubtedly posterior to the occurrence of oxygen-tolerant Class II methanogens. In addition, we found that certain prokaryotic lineages had evolved the tolerance mechanisms against oxidative stress before the origin of extant Cyanobacteria. The contradiction that oxidative adaptations in Class II methanogens and other prokaryotes predating the crown-group oxygenic Cyanobacteria implies the existence of more ancient biological oxygenesis. We propose that these potential oxygenic organisms might represent the extinct phototrophs and first emerge during the Paleoarchean, contributing to the oxidative adaptations in the prokaryotic tree of life and facilitating the dispersal of reaction centers across the bacterial domain.
Diagnosis of Alcohol Use Disorder and Deaths Related to Alcohol, Drug Overdose, or Suicide among Post-9/11 Active Duty Service Members and Veterans Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Song Kangwon , Amuan Megan E. , Adams Rachel Sayko , Kennedy Eamonn , Gordon Adam J. , Carlson Kathleen F. , Pogoda Terri K. , Meyer Eric G. , Cochran Jerry , Spevak Christopher , Pugh Mary Jo
Published: February 2025

Objectives

The association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) is known, but the extent of TBI’s role in developing AUD remains unclear. This study examines the association between TBI severity with subsequent AUD diagnosis, and hazard for death due to alcohol, drug overdose, or suicide.

Methods

Data from a national US military/veteran cohort (October 1999–September 2016, followed until September 2020) were analyzed using Fine-Gray competing risk models to investigate the relationships between TBI exposure, subsequent AUD, and hazards of death due to specific causes (alcohol, drug overdose, or suicide).

Results

TBI severity correlated with an increased likelihood of an incident AUD diagnosis: mild TBI (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22–1.27), moderate-severe TBI (HR: 1.34, 95% CI 1.32–1.37), and penetrating TBI (HR: 1.90, 95% CI 1.86–1.94). For those who developed AUD, TBI was associated with a higher hazard of death from specific causes such as alcohol, drug overdose, or suicide (HR: 2.47 (95% CI 2.03–3.02) for mild TBI, 4.25 (95% CI 3.49–5.17) for moderate-severe TBI, and 3.39 (95% CI 2.80–4.13) for penetrating TBI.

Conclusions

Veterans with TBI were more likely to develop AUD and experience increased mortality, even after adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. Care strategies that are sensitive to the cognitive and/or emotional impairments associated with varying levels of TBI may lead to better outcomes, reducing both AUD and mortality rates. Further research is needed to develop evidence-based methods for integrating TBI and AUD care.
Midterm Outcomes of Shoulder Dislocations in Brachial Plexus Birth Injuries Treated With Injection Botulinum Toxin A
Authors: Shah Maulin M. , Mammen Joyance J. , Jain Meet , Ponugoti Godhasiri , Naik Nischal , Patel Tejas , Rubaiath Tashfin , Vijay Preksha
Published: February 2025

Background:

Shoulder dislocation can be seen early in infancy and can be diagnosed by shoulder ultrasound. Botulinum toxin injection in the internal rotators of the shoulder can be used to as an adjunct to relieve the internal rotation contracture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intermediate-term outcomes of shoulder dislocations treated with injection botulinum toxin and to identify the factors determining the outcomes of the procedure.

Methods:

Eighty-six children with ultrasound diagnosed shoulder dislocation underwent injection BTX-A between 2011 and 2022. Children who underwent nerve surgeries and the ones with inadequate follow-up were excluded. Sixty-two children were followed up for a mean duration of 36 months. Injection botulinum toxin A 2 U/kg body weight was injected each into the subscapularis and the pectoralis major. After manual stretching of contracted anterior soft tissue and shoulder capsule, a shoulder spica was applied for 3 weeks. Hospital for Sick Children Active Movement Scale (HSC-AMS) score and active and passive shoulder was recorded before and after the procedure and the requirement for further interventions was noted.

Results:

Outcomes were divided into 3 categories: group A—27 (44%) children who did not require any further surgery in our follow-up period; group B—27 (44%) needed further procedure for recurrence of IR contracture; and group C—8 (12%) developed external rotation contracture later. Children in group A had statistically significant higher preinjection HSC-AMS score for elbow flexion and shoulder abduction than the other groups. Children in group C had greater passive external rotation and weak elbow extension and wrist dorsiflexion as compared with the other 2 groups.

Conclusions:

Injection botulinum toxin A is effective in treating shoulder dislocations in children with early recruitment of C5 to 6 muscles, while children with involvement of C7 muscles may develop an external rotation contracture subsequently, hence this procedure should be avoided.

Level of evidence:

Level IV—therapeutic.
Cardiovascular Consequences Unveiled: A Comprehensive Review of Hypopituitarism’s Impact on the Heart
Authors: Li Mengmei , Zhen Xiaowen , Sun Hongqiao , Wang Jing
Published: February 2025

Hypopituitarism is a rare condition that presents significant diagnostic challenges, particularly in elderly patients (over 65 years of age). It often manifests with a range of symptoms affecting multiple organ systems, with cardiovascular involvement being uncommon. As a result, the underlying diagnosis may be easily overlooked. Physicians must maintain a high level of awareness about hypopituitarism to establish an accurate diagnosis and initiate appropriate treatment. This study reviews recent advances in understanding the cardiovascular manifestations of hypopituitarism.
Clinical Utility of CRISPR-Based RID-MyC Assay in Smear and Culture-Negative Fungal Keratitis: A Case Series
Authors: Deivarajan Hanith Raj , Chelliah Dharani , Sethupathy Ramkumar Prabhakara , Nandhakumar Dharsini , Chacko Bennet Mathew , Raghavan Anita , Pandian Jaishree , Prajna Lalitha , Prajna Venkatesh N. , Narendran Siddharth
Published: February 2025

Purpose:

To assess the clinical utility of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas12a-based RID-MyC assay in diagnosing Fungal Keratitis (FK) in cases where conventional smear and culture methods fail to identify the causative pathogen.

Methods:

This retrospective case series included 5 patients with clinically suspected FK and negative smear and culture results who were evaluated in the Cornea Department at Aravind Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, India, between January 1, 2024, and March 31, 2024. The primary outcome was the diagnostic performance of the RID-MyC assay in detecting fungal nucleic acids in cases of suspected FK with negative smear and culture results. In vivo confocal microscopy served as a reference standard to validate the RID-MyC assay findings.

Results:

The RID-MyC assay successfully detected fungal nucleic acids in 3 cases, corroborated by in vivo confocal microscopy findings suggestive of fungal filaments, leading to targeted antifungal therapy and resolution of the infections. In addition, 2 cases tested negative for fungal nucleic acids, aligning with clinical and confocal evidence of nonfungal etiology, thus guiding appropriate alternative treatments that led to clinical improvement.

Conclusions:

The RID-MyC assay demonstrates clinical utility in diagnosing FK in scenarios where conventional smear and culture methods prove inadequate, such as in cases with prior antifungal therapy or polymicrobial infections. This assay facilitates accurate diagnosis and timely initiation of appropriate antifungal treatment without the need for sophisticated equipment or expertise, making it particularly valuable in resource-limited settings.
Differential Pattern of Symptom Correlation With Acute Respiratory Infections in Korea
Authors: Kim Jinsoo , Jung Gyoohwan , Kim Soyeoun
Published: February 2025

Background:

Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) pose global health challenges, with major outbreaks affecting healthcare systems and resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to identify distinctive signs or symptoms correlated with ARIs for utilizing syndromic surveillance.

Methods:

We used data from national Korean databases to examine correlations between various symptoms and the reported ARI viruses in children aged under and over 5 years.

Results:

In children under 5 years old, respiratory symptoms were strongly correlated with human adenovirus, human respiratory syncytial virus, and human rhinovirus. Patients aged over 5 years displayed more diverse patterns, with varied correlations. The cases of fever were a strong indicator of respiratory viruses (human adenovirus, human parainfluenza viruses, and human rhinovirus) in children under 5 years old, while those over 5 years showed symptoms such as smell and taste disturbances.

Conclusions:

These findings emphasize the correlation between various symptoms and ARIs across different age groups and may help to improve syndromic surveillance systems.
The Impact of Piano Game-Based Learning on the Mental Health of Elderly Individuals
Authors: Song Jie , Guan Kean
Published: February 2025

The main research purpose was to investigate the impact of piano courses on the mental health of the elderly. The sample consisted of 30 individuals. The age range of the participants was from 60 to 70 years. For 6 months, the respondents had piano lessons two times a week. One lesson lasted 2 hours and included the development of playing skills and improvisation techniques. The results confirmed the validity of the proposed learning strategy. The Taylor anxiety scale decreased by 19 points. These results showed a decrease of more than half of its original value. The Beck test for depression decreased by 21.5 points. The result shows a decrease two times. The test on the emotional background (the WAM questionnaire) shows an improvement in Well-Being by 3.3 points. In the group of respondents, Activity increased by 3.3 points, and the Mood factor increased by 3.5 points. The direction of further research should be related to the study of the impact of musical practices on various components of the clinical picture of depression and negative emotional states. The results can find practical implementation in the practice of psychotherapeutic work in reducing anxiety and eliminating depression in the elderly in clinics, hospitals, and other medical institutions.
Pain Management for Patients With Opioid Use Disorders
Authors: Lyden Abbie , Neu Rachel
Published: February 2025

As the prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) continues to rise, it is crucial clinicians are prepared to deliver safe and effective therapy to individuals affected by this disorder. The occurrence of pain among patients with OUD is not uncommon; effective management is complex and requires a comprehensive approach developed in collaboration with patients, their families and specialists in substance use disorders. Most patients with OUD require long-term treatment. For many, this involves chronic medications including buprenorphine, methadone or naltrexone. First-line pain management therapy with nonpharmacologic or non-opioid pharmacotherapy, including multimodal strategies should be maximized first and tailored to underlying pain etiology. In some settings, patients may require additional opioid medications for pain control. In this review, we describe an approach to pain management in patients receiving medications for OUD as well as those with untreated OUD.
Diagnosis and Classification of Follicular Lymphoma and Related Entities
Authors: Laurent Camille , Cook James R.
Published: February 2025

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a mature B cell neoplasm classically characterized by B cells harboring the t(14;18) IGH::BCL2 leading to the overexpression of BCL2 in most cases. Conventional FL occurs in lymph nodes and typically shows a follicular B-cell proliferation expressing at least one germinal center marker. Two early lesions closely related to conventional FL are recognized as variants, namely in situ follicular neoplasia (ISFN), and duodenal-type follicular lymphoma (DTFL). FL lacking BCL2 rearrangement (BCL2-R negative) accounts for around 10% to 15% of FLs and constitutes a heterogeneous group of FLs. Most of these alternative forms of FL are considered as distinct entities separate from conventional FL in the 2022 International Consensus Classification. This review aims to summarize the key pathologic and diagnostic features of FL conventional and its alternative forms as well as further emphasize the increasing role of molecular studies in the diagnostic work-up.
Tersicoccus mangrovi sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium from mangrove sediment in Semarang city, Indonesia
Authors: Sibero Mada Triandala , Zheng Zhou-Qing , Li Fei-Na , Liu Shao-Wei , Xiang Xin , Tuo Li , Sun Cheng-Hang
Published: February 2025

A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic and non-motile actinobacterium, designated strain MR15.9T, was isolated from sediment collected from a mangrove ecosystem in Semarang city, Indonesia. Strain MR15.9T grew at 4–37 °C (optimum 30 °C), pH 6.0–11.0 (optimum 7.0–8.0), with 0–10% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0–3%). The genome of strain MR15.9T was 3.67 Mbp with 71.7 mol% G+C content. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and genome sequence directed that strain MR15.9T formed a well-supported clade with Tersicoccus solisilvae CGMCC 1.15480T and Tersicoccus phoenicis 1P05MAT and shared the highest similarity to T. solisilvae CGMCC 1.15480T (98.9% sequence similarity) and T. phoenicis 1P05MAT (98.6% sequence similarity). However, the comparative genome analysis between strain MR15.9T and T. solisilvae CGMCC 1.15480T gave average nt identity value of 85.2% and digital DNA–DNA hybridization value of 29.0%, which were below the statistical threshold for the delineation of the species. Chemotaxonomic data showed that the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, anteiso-C17:0 and iso-C16:0. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, two unidentified glycolipids and two unidentified phospholipids. MK-8(H2) and MK-9(H2) were noted as the predominant respiratory quinones in this strain. The results of polyphasic characterization indicated that strain MR15.9T represents a novel species of the genus Tersicoccus. The name Tersicoccus mangrovi sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain MR15.9T (=MCCC 1K08875T=KCTC 59105T).
Candidate transmission survival genome ofMycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Mishra Saurabh , Singh Prabhat Ranjan , Hu Xiaoyi , Lopez-Quezada Landys , Jinich Adrian , Jahn Robin , Geurts Luc , Shen Naijian , DeJesus Michael A. , Hartman Travis , Rhee Kyu , Zimmerman Matthew , Dartois Veronique , Jones Richard M. , Jiang Xiuju , Almada-Monter Ricardo , Bourouiba Lydia , Nathan Carl
Published: February 2025

Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb), a leading cause of death from infection, completes its life cycle entirely in humans except for transmission through the air. To begin to understand how Mtb survives aerosolization, we mimicked liquid and atmospheric conditions experienced by Mtb before and after exhalation using a model aerosol fluid (MAF) based on the water-soluble, lipidic and cellular constituents of necrotic tuberculosis lesions. MAF induced drug tolerance in Mtb, remodeled its transcriptome and protected Mtb from dying in microdroplets desiccating in air. Yet survival was not passive: Mtb appeared to rely on hundreds of genes to survive conditions associated with transmission. Essential genes subserving proteostasis offered most protection. A large number of conventionally nonessential genes appeared to contribute as well, including genes encoding proteins that resemble anti-desiccants. The candidate transmission survival genome of Mtb may offer opportunities to reduce transmission of tuberculosis.

Significance Statement

Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) travels from the lungs of one person through the air to the lungs of another and survives multiple stresses en route, including changes in temperature and in concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen ions, salts and organic solutes. Here we present a genetically tractable model of transmission to begin the identification of the transmission survival genome of Mtb. We devised a fluid that mimics TB lesions, found that it protects Mtb from transmission-related stresses, associated this with the structure of the droplets as they dry and their ability to retain water, and used it to query the potential contribution of each of Mtb’s genes to Mtb’s survival in models of three sequential stages of transmission.
Identification and Characterization of Interacting Proteins of TARANI/Ubiquitin Specific Protease-14 inArabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Hegde Anjana S , Nath Utpal
Published: February 2025

Ubiquitin proteases play a crucial role in protein degradation and turnover by regulating the cleavage of polyubiquitin chains. TARANI/UBIQUITIN SPECIFIC PROTEASE-14 (TNI/UBP14) specifically cleaves Lys-48-linked and linear polyubiquitin chains into mono-ubiquitins. Thetnimutant exhibits pleiotropic phenotypes, including cup-shaped leaves, tri-cotyledons, reduced lateral roots, and increased petal number, though the underlying mechanisms driving these phenotypes remain unclear. In this study, we generated TNI transgenic lines and employed immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry, proximity labelling, and yeast two-hybrid screening to identify TNI’s interacting proteins. These analyses revealed 92 interactors involved in diverse biological processes, including protein and carbohydrate metabolism, light signalling, and intracellular transport. Subcellular localization analysis showed that many of the interacting proteins are located in the nucleus and cytoplasm, suggesting that TNI’s nuclear localization may regulate gene function. We further validated thein plantabiological significance of ULTRAPETALA 2 and HASPIN KINASE as key interacting partners of TNI. These findings uncover previously uncharacterized functions of TNI/UBP14, shedding light on its central role in cellular processes and providing insights into its regulatory mechanisms—an area that has remained largely unexplored until now.

Summary statement

The proteins that interact with the TARANI/ Ubiquitin protease 14 in vivo have been identified using immunoprecipitation mass-spectrometry methods. Identification of non-overlapping targets highlight the importance of using diverse protein identification methods.
Annealing dynamics of regular rotor networks: Universality and its breakdown
Authors: Grabarits András , Sammartino Gaetano , del Campo Adolfo
Published: February 2025

The spin-vector Monte Carlo model is widely used as a benchmark for the classicality of quantum annealers but severely restricts the time evolution. The spin-vector Langevin (SVL) model has been proposed and tested as an alternative, closely reproducing the real-time dynamics of physical quantum annealers such as D-Wave machines in the dissipative regime. We investigate the SVL annealing dynamics of classical O(2) rotors on regular graphs, identifying universal features in the nonequilibrium dynamics when changing the range of interactions and the topology of the graph. Regular graphs with low connectance or edge density exhibit universal scaling dynamics consistent with the Kibble-Zurek mechanism, which leads to a power-law dependence of the density of defects and the residual energy as a function of the annealing time. As the interaction range is increased, the power-law scaling is suppressed, and an exponential scaling with the annealing time sets in. Our results establish a universal breakdown of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism in classical systems characterized by long-range interactions, in sharp contrast with previous findings in the quantum domain.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Model for the curvature response of the CDF II drift chamber
Authors: Kotwal Ashutosh Vijay
Published: February 2025

The CDF II experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron used a drift chamber to measure the momenta of charged particles. We present a model for the response of the drift chamber to the curvature of a charged particle's trajectory. Constraints on the model parameters are obtained from cosmic-ray data and from information published by CDF in the context of the W boson mass measurement. Implications for the calibration of the drift chamber measurement of momentum are discussed. The robustness of the CDF calibration procedure is demonstrated. The model provides a framework for the analysis of precision magnetic trackers of high-momentum particles.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Long-term timing stabilization for pump–probe experiments at SACLA
Authors: Togashi Tadashi , Owada Shigeki , Yabuuchi Toshinori , Yabashi Makina
Published: February 2025

We have developed a timing control system to stabilize the long-term timing drift between X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) and optical laser pulses using an out-of-loop balanced optical-microwave phase detector and an arrival-timing monitor for pump–probe experiments at the SPring-8 Ångstrom Compact free-electron LAser (SACLA). The timing jitter and drift between the XFEL and the optical laser pulses have been reduced to less than 50 fs (RMS) over ∼49 h. The performance of the timing stabilization system was investigated by measuring the correlation of the long-term simultaneous timing monitoring on two branches of BL3 over 8 h. A linear correlation was observed with an RMS error of 8.6 fs.
Probing soft X-ray induced photoreduction of a model Mn-complex at cryogenic conditions
Authors: Chatterjee Kuntal , Lee Sang-Jun , Kao Li-Cheng , Doyle Margaret D. , Titus Charles J. , Leone Stephen R. , Yano Junko , Yachandra Vittal K. , Wernet Philippe , Kern Jan F.
Published: February 2025

Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy of first row transition elements at their respective L-edges provides important information about the oxidation and spin states of the metal centers. However, the associated sample damage in radiation-sensitive samples substantially alters the electronic and chemical structures of redox-active metal centers. Here, we measure the soft X-ray spectrum of the model MnIII(acac)3 complex containing a redox-active MnIII metal center in an octahedral environment with a superconducting transition-edge sensor detector. To reduce the secondary damage resulting primarily from the diffusion of radicals and electrons, the spectra are collected at 30 K and 80 K on solid samples. Starting from the first scan, we detect the contribution of X-ray induced sample damage leading to a change in the MnII intensity. However, at low temperatures, particularly at 30 K, we do not observe a gradual increase in the radiation damage with successive scans with the X-ray beam at the same spot. At our estimated dose of 90 kGy, we find 62% of MnIII(acac)3 is still intact at 30 K. However, at room temperature, we see a gradual increase in radiation damage with increasing numbers of scans at the same spot, which is consistent with the possibility of increased diffusion rates of secondary radicals and electrons as noted in other studies.
Enhancing loyalty in luxury fashion with AI: the mediation role of customer relationships
Authors: Khamoushi Sahne Seyed Sina , Kalantari Daronkola Hassan
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on customer loyalty in the luxury fashion market. It explores how AI-driven tools influence customer trust, satisfaction, commitment and engagement, which in turn affect loyalty. By examining these relationships, the study provides insights into the acceptance and effectiveness of AI technologies in enhancing customer loyalty within the luxury fashion sector.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employs structural equation modelling (SEM) to analyse data collected from 406 luxury consumers in Iran. The data was gathered using a targeted sampling procedure, leveraging DigiKala’s e-commerce platform. A comprehensive literature review informed the measurement items, and a seven-point Likert scale was used. The methodology includes confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess the reliability and validity of the constructs, followed by hypothesis testing through SEM.

Findings

The study reveals that AI significantly enhances customer loyalty in the luxury fashion market by positively influencing trust, satisfaction, commitment and engagement. Satisfaction and engagement were found to be key mediators between AI and loyalty, while trust had no direct impact on loyalty. The results underscore the importance of AI-driven personalized experiences in fostering stronger customer relationships and loyalty.

Originality/value

This study is one of the first to explore the impact of AI on customer loyalty in the luxury fashion market, using a comprehensive model that includes trust, satisfaction, commitment and engagement as mediators. It extends the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) and technology acceptance model (TAM) frameworks, offering valuable insights for luxury brands on how AI can be leveraged to enhance customer relationships and loyalty.
Resilience capabilities and performance dimensions of manufacturing supply chains in a developing economy
Authors: Opoku Richard Kofi
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This paper investigates whether resilience capabilities influence manufacturing performance dimensions. Specifically, it empirically analyses how supply chain agility, alertness, adaptability and preparedness affect manufacturing firms’ operational and sustainable (economic, social and environmental) performance aspects.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper employed a deductive approach and an explanatory design. It gathered survey data from 285 managers in 5,329 Ghanaian manufacturing firms and analysed it using structural equation modelling.

Findings

The study found resilience capabilities comprising agility, alertness and adaptability to significantly and positively predict changes in manufacturing firms’ sustainable (environmental, economic and social) and operational performance. However, the preparedness capability positively impacts the firms’ operational and environmental performance, not economic and social.

Research limitations/implications

This paper is restricted to Ghana’s manufacturing industry. Underpinned by the dynamic capabilities theory and extensive empirical reviews, the model was developed with four resilient capabilities and four manufacturing performance dimensions.

Practical implications

The study highlights the relevance of resilience in today’s highly disruptive manufacturing environment for achieving sustainable and operational performance. It encourages manufacturing firms to prioritise heavy investments in alertness, adaptability and agile capabilities to overcome supply chain disruptions and enhance sustainable and operational excellence. It also offers significant insights for policymakers, managers and industry players to advance resilience capabilities and swiftly detect and recover from emerging disturbances in manufacturing supply chains, leading to higher performance.

Social implications

The study contributes to resource conservation and a more sustainable future by projecting resilient capabilities in today’s disruptive environments. The shift towards SCR can influence public attitudes and opinions toward manufacturing and contribute to firms’ sustainability goals.

Originality/value

This study is the first to investigate the linkages between resilient capabilities and performance aspects simultaneously in less developed economies like Ghana. In these economies, manufacturing supply chains often face varying risks that continue to disrupt their operations and sustainability goals.
Revolutionizing HRM: a review of human-robot collaboration in HRM functions and the imperative of change readiness
Authors: Shahid Sehrish , Kaur Kuldeep , Mohyuddin Syed Mofazzal , Prikshat Verma , Patel Parth
Published: February 2025

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to conduct a review of the literature on human-robot collaboration across different functions and activities of human resource management (HRM) and discuss its importance for change readiness in organizations.

Design/methodology/approach

A bibliometric analysis was conducted to identify emerging research themes in the fields of human resources (HR) and robotics, including change readiness. Based on the initial results of the bibliometric analysis, a systematic literature review was subsequently performed to gain a more specific understanding of research across various HRM functions and change readiness.

Findings

The results from bibliometric analysis and systematic review highlight that technological progression in HRM, such as AI-driven staffing and training techniques, improves effectiveness and personalization but raises concerns about privacy and job scrutiny. AI and robotics in performance evaluation enhance objectivity and reduce subjectivity, which can lead to disengagement. Generational differences, cultural factors and emotional quotient complicate readiness to adopt new technologies. The research emphasizes balancing technological effectiveness with employee involvement and meaningfulness to ensure successful implementation and engagement.

Originality/value

This paper synthesizes existing research, including literature, theoretical concepts and models, to identify best practices and successful strategies for implementing human-robot collaboration in HRM functions. It highlights gaps in the current literature and suggests areas for future research to advance the field of human-robot collaboration in HRM. By doing so, this paper enhances theoretical understanding while offering practical insights essential for effective change management.
On the numerical treatments of classes of third-kind auto-convolution VIEs via moving least squares collocation scheme
Authors: Aourir Essaid , Laeli Dastjerdi Hojatollah
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This contribution investigates the numerical solution of Volterra integral equations with auto-convolution of the third kind (AVIE). The numerical method applied in this investigation employs a collocation method based on the moving least squares (MLS) approximation. The MLS approximation is an effective way of approximating an unknown function by taking a disordered dataset. This method is a mesh-free approach since it does not require background interpolation or approximation cells, and is independent of domain geometry. The proposed method reduces the solution of third-kind AVIEs to the solution of systems of algebraic equations. By employing the Gauss–Legendre integration formula, we can estimate all the integrals of these equations. The applicability and validity of this method are demonstrated by numerical experiments, and its efficiency and robustness are proven by comparison with existing methods.

Design/methodology/approach

The numerical method applied in this study uses a collocation method based on moving least squares (MLS) approximation. This method is a mesh-free approach since it requires no background interpolation or approximation cells and is independent of domain geometry. Using the Gauss–Legendre integration formula, we can estimate all the integrals of these equations.

Findings

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests.

Originality/value

The manuscript has not been copyrighted or published previously and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
Navigating health-care excellence: unravelling the nexus of corporate social responsibility, service quality, corporate reputation and brand preference
Authors: Ghaffar Abdul , Islam Fazila , Zaheer Zaidi Syed Shahid , Islam Tahir
Published: February 2025

Purpose

The purpose of this study is that researchers have widely explored and associated corporate social responsibility (CSR) with firm success. Measuring the relationship between CSR, service quality, corporate reputation and brand preference by drawing on the stakeholder theory in developing countries remains a substantial research gap.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected using a survey method. The study was performed on 387 respondents who have undergone treatments in hospitals. The authors analysed the data using the Smart PLS 3.0 structural equation modelling technique.

Findings

The survey revealed that service quality and CSR are positively linked with corporate reputation, leading to brand preference in the health-care sector.

Research limitations/implications

The survey was performed in the context of the health-care industry; however, additional studies are necessary to extrapolate the findings to other fields, such as education and food. This research helps guide policymakers, administrators, health-care managers and researchers by highlighting the contribution and role of service quality, CSR and corporate reputation in achieving a hospital’s performance.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the CSR literature by introducing the concept of CSR. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study also extends research in the diverse literature by examining the relationship between CSR, service quality, corporate reputation and brand preference by illustrating the stakeholder theory in the context of the health-care sector.
Valorization of whey for green synthesis of carbon dots and their potential applications
Authors: Poonia Amrita , Aguirre-Güitrón Lizet , Iñiguez-Moreno Maricarmen , Santa Dushica
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This paper aims to develop carbon dots using whey as a valuable resource and to create a sustainable and biocompatible nanomaterial with potential applications in a variety of fields owing to its unique optical properties and antimicrobial capabilities, which are frequently used as sensing agents for detecting specific molecules in food, environmental and biomedical applications. Versatility of carbon dots (CDs) allows the utilization of these dots for a wide range of applications in areas such as food safety, antibacterial properties, production of composite polymers for food packaging, treatment of different diseases and detection of food-borne pathogens. Owing to their high brightness, low toxicity and excellent biocompatibility, CDs have attracted significant interest in food safety. This is also a cutting-edge technology that bids new ideas for treating various diseases.

Design/methodology/approach

Literature review related to using whey as the carbon source for synthesis of CDs was collected and studied from different sources like Google Scholar, Research Gate, online journals available at library of Banaras Hindu University, Web of Science and Scopus. A database of more than 100 scientific sources from different sources was made as per the headings and sub headings of the paper.

Findings

Whey generated as a by-product from the cheese industry contained a good amount of carbon and nitrogen that can be used for the fabrication of CDs. CDs produced using whey exhibited great photostability, high sensitivity and outstanding biocompatibility and also showed that Fe3+ ions could be quickly, sensitively and extremely selectively detected in an aqueous solution of CDs, with a revealing limit of 0.409 µM in the linear range of 0–180 µM. CDs are a promising area of study to a key component of next-generation multifunctional nanomaterials, promoting creativity, sustainability and useful solutions across a variety of industries, including health care and energy. The susceptibility of S. typhimurium (Gram-negative) was found to be higher than that of L. monocytogenes (Gram-positive) bacteria with MIC and MBC of 500  and 1000 µL/mL, respectively.

Originality/value

Whey-derived CDs are an environmentally beneficial substitute for conventional additives and their biocompatibility guarantees that they adhere to food safety regulations. In light of the future, the green volarization of dairy waste for the synthesis of CDs is consistent with the increasing worldwide focus on environmental responsibility and sustainability.
LinkedIn as a research participant recruitment tool: reflections from the football industry
Authors: Griffiths Jacob , Bloyce Daniel , Law Graeme
Published: February 2025

Purpose

The article explores the process of using LinkedIn to recruit hard-to-reach groups, reflecting on our experience of the football industry. We propose LinkedIn as a viable option to mitigate recruitment challenges, particularly in employment-focussed research.

Design/methodology/approach

We examine how LinkedIn was used to recruit 43 football backroom staff for a sociological research study. It outlines the process of using LinkedIn to contact participants, the ethical considerations made throughout the research process and reflects on why LinkedIn was effective for a primarily employment-focussed study.

Findings

We discuss the importance of insider knowledge for identifying LinkedIn as a potentially fruitful recruitment tool and how the functionality of the platform can be beneficial for a targeted recruitment method. We also explore the ethical and practical considerations of using social media for recruitment.

Originality/value

Previous research discusses social media as if they are indistinguishable and interchangeable with one another and we argue that this neglects the importance of a platform’s functionality. We discuss how the decision to use a particular social media platform to recruit should be grounded in the researcher’s familiarity with the site, the functionality the platform offers and the sample recruited. This article explicitly explores the considerations taken when using LinkedIn to help overcome recruitment challenges.
Does board diversity affect firm performance in Kuwait?
Authors: Alqatan Ahmad , Hussainey Khaled , Hichri Abir
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This paper examines the consequences of board diversity in Kuwait. The purpose of this study is to measure the impact of gender, age and national diversity on firm performance (FP).

Design/methodology/approach

This work uses data from 103 non-financial Kuwaiti listed companies in the period from 2010 to 2017. The data was collected from secondary sources such as annual reports and S&P Capital IQ. FP is measured by return on assets, return on equity and Tobin’s Q. The independent variables are gender diversity, age diversity and nationality diversity.

Findings

The findings show mixed results regarding gender, age, national diversity and FP.

Originality/value

Board diversity is a relatively underexplored area in the context of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, including Kuwait. The originality and value of examining the impact of gender, age and nationality diversity on FP in Kuwait are multifaceted, highlighting unique cultural, economic and regulatory aspects.
Building security and resilience: a guide to implementing effective cybersecurity and data protection measures in smart cities
Authors: Lnenicka Martin , Kysela Tomas , Horák Oldřich
Published: February 2025

Purpose

As cities increasingly embrace smart technologies to enhance efficiency, sustainability and quality of life, integrating cybersecurity and data protection measures becomes paramount. This paper analyzes cybersecurity and data protection practices based on the existing strategies and projects in smart cities.

Design/methodology/approach

A research methodology involving searching for resources, content analysis and the Delphi method was developed to select the sample of smart cities, identify relevant resources, analyze and categorize their content, validate their relevance and transform them into a list of recommendations.

Findings

The findings include a validated list of 39 recommendations categorized into 6 categories for implementing robust cybersecurity and data protection measures in smart cities. We found that smart cities employ various measures to address cybersecurity and data protection, including technical solutions, organizational practices, policies and human resources initiatives. The smart economy and smart governance components are prioritized regarding data protection and cybersecurity measures, while smart living and smart environments receive less attention than others. There are regional differences in the implementation of cybersecurity measures, with Asia and Europe demonstrating higher levels of engagement.

Originality/value

The paper provides an approach to select sample smart cities and analyze their strategies and projects in different contexts to gather and validate best practices. The measures identified contribute to building sustainable and resilient cities regarding urban governance.
Building Trust and Inclusivity: Navigating Layered Stigma and Risk Communication for LGBTQ+ Individuals During COVID‐19 Outbreaks
Authors: Lim JungKyu Rhys , Jun Hyoyeun , Ledford Victoria
Published: February 2025

Stigmatised groups, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or queer‐identifying (LGBTQ+) individuals, face increased vulnerability to infectious diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, coronavirus disease (COVID‐19), and mpox (monkeypox). Layered and intersectional stigma limits healthcare access and public health participation, making trust and inclusivity essential in crisis management and risk communication. This study examines the impact of risk communication on LGBTQ+ communities during the COVID‐19 outbreak in South Korea, where detailed personal information shared for contact tracing led to further stigmatisation. Through in‐depth interviews (N = 21), the research investigates (1) the intersectional and layered stigma and discrimination LGBTQ+ individuals faced; (2) factors that increased stigmatisation, eroded trust, and discouraged public health engagement, such as COVID‐19 testing; and (3) strategies that reduced stigma, fostered inclusivity, and encouraged protective health behaviours. Findings reveal that health authorities' insensitivity, the disclosure of identifiable contact tracing data, and the negative portrayals of LGBTQ+ community spaces collectively exacerbated stigma and public health barriers, particularly in culturally homogeneous and structurally inequitable contexts. Conversely, confidentiality, inclusive messaging, and community‐driven support were key to fostering trust and participation. The study underscores the urgent need for crisis management strategies that safeguard marginalised groups' rights, dismantle stigma, and prioritise equitable public health outcomes. These insights offer actionable lessons for policymakers and crisis managers navigating public health emergencies in high‐stigma contexts.