bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radical Scavenging Activities and Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition of Okara Protein Hydrolysates Prepared with Proteases and Sequential UF
Authors: Tseng Yu Chang , Tseng Hou Chia , Weng Yih Ming
Published: September 2013

Okara protein isolate was hydrolyzed by two stages enzyme hydrolysis (Protamex+Flavourzyme, Pro+Fla ) and further separated by sequential ultrafiltration (UF) to four fractions (P1~P4). The 2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging activity of the P3 fraction (1kDa < MW < 3kDa) is 24.6 mmol trolox equivalent (TE)/g peptide and the inhibitory activity is 84.2% at 10 mg/mL. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity is 85.4% at the same concentration. Pro+Fla-P3 was incorporated into ground beef to determine their effect on lipid oxidation during a 15-day storage period. Pro+Fla-P3 fraction at 500 μg/g significantly inhibited lipid oxidation by 20.8% and 18.2% at day 8 and 15 of storage. The concentration at 250 μg/g could not significantly inhibit lipid oxidation at 15 day. It suggests that okara protein hydrolysates could be developed and used to improve shelf-life of meat products.
Relationship between the Differences of Odor Detection Threshold Values Measured by Different Methods and some of the Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Fang Di , Liu Jie Min , Yi Qin
Published: September 2013

The amount of sample can enter the nasal cavity depends on the physiochemical characteristics such as distribution, volatility and solubility. It can be suspected that the difference of odor detection threshold (ODT) measured by different methods is related to the physicochemical properties of compounds. To investigate the relationship between ODT differences and the physicochemical properties of compounds, ODT values of four series of organic compounds were measured by triangle odor bag method and gas chromatography and olfactometry method; the results were compared and the absolute differences were calculated. Relationship between ODT differences and the type of functional group and some of the physicochemical properties of compounds was analyzed. The results showed the type of functional group had significant effect on the differences. Certain linear relationships between the logarithmic value of differences and the logarithmic values of saturated vapor pressure and molecular weight were observed.
Effect of pH on the Accumulation of Volatile Fatty Acids from Proteinaceous Excess Sludge
Authors: Liu Xiao Ling , Wang Jian , Song Yong Hiu , Zeng Ping
Published: September 2013

Proteins were the primary organics of excess sludge. Their properties were related to pH, which in turn affected the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Excess sludge was firstly pretreated using the thermo-alkaline method, and the centrifuged supernatant was then taken as the substrate to investigate the effect of pH on the accumulation of VFAs from proteinaceous waste. The heating method was used to treat the inoculums in order to inhibit the generation of bio-methane during the whole anaerobic fermentation. The results showed that pH had an obvious influence on the bioconversion of proteins. Although the conversion ratios were higher than 50% when pH was controlled at 7.0-11.0, the protein biodegradation was sensitive to too low or too high pH values. Soluble proteins were precipitated to become insoluble proteins with the adjustment of pH from alkaline to acid except at pH 3.0. Acetic acid was the main accumulated end-product at most of pH settings, and at pH 10.0, its concentration reached the maximum of 5.7 g·L-1 which was around 57.8% of total VFAs. At various pHs, it was soluble proteins that were responsible for VFAs production, while the precipitated proteins displayed a poor bio-degradability and disfavored the accumulation of VFAs during a 240 h of anaerobic fermentation.
Effect of Operating Conditions on the Chemical Phosphate Removal Using during Ferrous Iron Oxidation
Authors: Li Ting , Dong Wen Yi , Wang Hong Jie , Lin Jin Nan , Ouyang Feng , Zhang Qian
Published: September 2013

In this study, the effect of operating parameters and the co-existing ions on the phosphate removal during the ferrous iron oxidation was investigated. Results showed that with the increase of DO and [Fe (II)]0, the final phosphate removal rate both increased. But with increasing of pH, the final phosphate removal rate firstly increased and then decreased when the pH was higher than 8.0. The co-existing ions affected the final removal rate significantly, and the kinetics of phosphate removal followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The corresponding kobs trends for the cation followed the order of Cu2+>Mn2+>Zn2+>NH4+-N. The presence of Cu2+ promoted the phosphate removal significantly. Compared with the control, , the time required to achieve 40 % phosphate removal rate, at the condition of 0.5 mg/L Cu2+, reduced from 60 min to 10 s. However, the selective anions inhibited the phosphate removal, due to the formation of Fe-anions complexes. The effect of selective anions on the phosphate removal rate constant decreased in the order of SO42->Cl-> NO3-.
Community Structure and Environmental Adaptation of Phytoplankton in Yangmeikeng Artificial Reef Area in Daya Bay, South China Sea
Authors: Liao Xiu Li , Chen Pi Mao , Ma Sheng Wei , Chen Hai Gang
Published: September 2013

Seasonal species composition, abundance variations of phytoplankton were investigated during six cruises conducted in Yangmeikeng artificial reef area in Daya Bay, between April 1997 and May 1999. The results showed that there were 181 species of phytoplankton were identified and most belong to diatom species. The seasonal change of species and dominant species were obvious. Phytoplankton abundance was on the trend of rising with diatom dominated which showed that the artificial reef putted in this area played a role in promoting the primary productivity. TheK-dominance curve suggested that the community diversity of the phytoplankton decreased from May 2008, August 2008, April 2007, May 2009, March 2008 to November 2008, and the range of seasonal variations were obvious, which showed that the phytoplankton community structure was unstable. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that the abundance and spatial distribution of phytoplankton were affected greatly by the water temperature, salinity, transparency, suspended matter and dissolved oxygen.
Experimental Study on Adsorption of Gasoline Vapor on Activated Carbon at High Concentration
Authors: Zhao Chen Lu , Huang Wei Qiu , Wang Ying Xia , Shi Li
Published: September 2013

Dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of gasoline vapor adsorption at 0.3 mol/mol on different activated carbons (ACs) were investigated. The adsorption capacities of AC1 and AC3 were 0.295 g/g and 0.189 g/g at 20 oC, and 0.284 g/g and 0.165 g/g at 30 °C, respectively. Bed temperature rise was up to 50°C to 60°C in the adsorption of gasoline vapor at 0.3 mol/mol.The heat effect formula for high concentration vapor adsorption was deduced to evaluate the relationship of the adsorption capacity of the activated carbons, the mole fraction of the inlet gasoline vapor, the recovery efficiency of the gasoline vapor with the temperature rise.
Synthesis of Cerium-Doped Todorokite by Refluxing Process at Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: Ren Qing Tong , Ma Jing Huan , Li Wei Xing , Ma Zhan Sheng , Liu Ying
Published: September 2013

Cerium-doped todorokite was synthesized by refluxing process at atmospheric pressure, and the reaction conditions were investigated. The yielded products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). By according to the results, the stirring operation cannot be stopped during the preparation of birnessite, and the potential destruction to channel structure occurrs at high temperature. The form of todorokite is favorable under alkaline condition, but not affected by recycling time. The crystalline purity decreases with the rising doped cerium in the todorokite.
Co Sensor with High Concentrations of H2O at Elevated Temperature by TDLAS
Authors: Shao Jie , Han Ying , Zhou Zhen , Kan Rui Feng
Published: September 2013

A method of tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) is presented to improve the detectability of CO under high temperatures with a mass of interference referred as Dynamic subtract from background technique. By simultaneously fitting both the water background and the 2f-wm-CO curve to the measured (combined) spectrum, the limitation of CO detection is improved at high temperatures using the telecommunication distributed feedback (DFB) lasers. The R14 in the υ=0υ=3 overtone band (1653.6 nm) has been investigated with the dependence of temperatures and water concentrations. Hundreds ppmm of limitation of CO detection can be achieved in media with tens of percent water at 850 °C with an accuracy of a few percent.
Research Environmental Pollution and Management of Coal Gangue in Pingdingshan
Authors: Wang Jiu Ling , Hu She Rong , Peng Ji Chao , Zhang Yun Xun , Tong Wen Bin , Chen Min , Ji Chao
Published: September 2013

The paper aims to study the typical environmental impact of coal gangue around Pingdingshan area and proposes some measure to protect environmental. The paper collects mass data and field surveys in order to analysis the impact on the environment. The paper analyzed its environmental impact respectively from four stages: from production to transport to a gangue dump, gangue piled up, coal gangue sold and transport, coal gangue comprehensive utilization. And it proposed relevant suggestions to reduce pollution specific to each stages. Finally, considering the environmental protection and commercial value, proposed a method, called Assignment Coefficient method, to find a best way to utilize the coal gangue. The best way is to produce cement, bricks. Finally it put forward seven words to protect and manage the environment: "reduction", "airtight", "selection", "prevention", "excellent", "new", "legislation".
The Carbon Footprint Analysis of Thermal Power Plants
Authors: Lou Lan Lan , Mu Hai Lin , Chen Xin , Li Hua Nan
Published: September 2013

Thermal power plant is the main CO2 emission source in China. This paper discusses the carbon footprint of a thermal power plant in Liaoning province of China based on LCA (Life Cycle Assessment. The reviewed thermal power plants total carbon footprint is about 6.52 million tons, of which 90.23% are from fuel combustion. The onsite emission is 5.91 million tons which depends on the power plants technology level and energy efficiency. In order to alleviate carbon emissions at the power enterprise level, an integrated effort should be taken, including the optimization of energy structures, improvement of energy efficiency and technology level. Recommendations for thermal power plant management are that companies should make full use of geographical advantages and adopt high-quality fuels actively.
Study on Fuzzy Recognition Model of Carbon Emission Rights Pricing
Authors: Wang Ji Gan , Chen Yong , Li Ting , Huang Shu Shu
Published: September 2013

Complying with the situation of ecological civilization construction in our country, carbon trade is the inevitable trend of world economic development. The core of the carbon trade is the pricing of the carbon emission rights. The pricing process of carbon emission rights is ambiguity, uncertainty and complexity, so it is more reasonable and scientific to put forward the carbon emission rights pricing model by combining the fuzzy recognition model with the highest price and the lowest price of carbon emission rights price. Then, the model is applied to predict the price of China's carbon emission in 2014 year. The result shows that the price is consistent with the forecasting prices of the international carbon trade market in the same point, which can provide some reference to the setting of the pricing of domestic carbon emission quotas in secondary market in the future.
The Innovation of a New Fund-Raising Channel for Ecological Environment Construction - The Ecological Lottery
Authors: Sun Ya Nan , Chen Ke , Wang Yang
Published: September 2013

In recent years,the contradiction between social development and ecological environmental protection has increased sharply, especially as demands for ecological forestry construction have become ever greater. As one of the important ways to promote ecological environment construction, ecological forestry encourages soil and water conservation, biodiversity conservation and ecological environmental protection. Adequate funding in the construction of ecological forests and stable financing channels are the main factors that ensure the smooth development of ecological environmental construction. This paper describes the present situation for ecological environmental construction and ecological forestry. It analyzes the existing ecological forestry financing sources and channels and summarizes the successful experience of domestic and international lotteries. The ecological forestry financing channel is singular and inadequate funding is restricting the development of ecological environment construction. Active identification of new, stable financing channels is conducive to resolving the funding gap problem. An ecological lottery is suggested as a new type of ecological public welfare fund that has practical necessity and theoretical feasibility.
Determinants of Consumer Environment Boycott Behavior: Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Li Jian Xin , Gong Xiang
Published: September 2013

This paper aims to study on the basis of previous literature, using the theory of planned behavior to understand and predict consumers environment boycott behavior from green consumption perspective. This paper adopts empirical research method and finds that consumers sense of environment protection, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control have significantly positive effects on making green purchase decisions and taking boycott behavior intention into action, while consumers perceived cost have a significantly negative effect on the intention of boycott behavior. This research is also a creative application of the theory of planned behavior.
Exploring Trade-Offs between Business Performance and Proactive Environmental Technology Innovation Strategy
Authors: Zhang Hai Yan , Shao Yun Fei , Wang Bing Jie
Published: September 2013

This paper discusses a firms performance of proactive environmental technology innovation strategy and reactive strategy based on the model. It is proved that a firm can get better payoff if the manager interpret environmental issues as opportunities, comparing the performance of achieving these two strategies. A firm can profit under better communications with the public by managerial interpretations of environmental issues as opportunities trading off the increasing costs. In conclusion, the shareholder should motivate the manager to interpret environmental issues as opportunities for better payoff.
Compressive Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Built by Electron Beam Melting
Authors: Mohammadhosseini Afshin , Fraser Darren , Masood S.H. , Jahedi Mahnaz
Published: September 2013

Electron beam melting (EBM) is a direct metal additive manufacturing technique in which a 4 kW electron beam is utilized to manufacture the parts in a layer by layer fashion. This paper represents an investigation into the quasi-static compressive deformation behavior of EBM made specimens. The mechanical testing was carried out at strain rate of 10-3 s-1 by a numerically controlled hydraulic MTS machine on both as-built and machined samples manufactured by this high-tech process. The Vickers micro-hardness of the samples has been measured before and after the compression test. The microstructure of the compressed sample was characterized. The particle size distribution, morphology, and chemical composition of the Ti6Al4V, which is one of the most common materials for biomedical implants because of its high strength to weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and its biocompatibility features, have been investigated. The fracture surface has been characterized by scanning electron microscope.
Experimental Research on Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container Base Materials
Authors: Chen Chen Wei , Yang Fu Xin , Lu Li Xin , Xie Jin , Li Li
Published: September 2013

The Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container (FIBC) is a flexible transportation packaging container that is weaved by polyolefin plastic ribbon-like filament, which is widely used in the storage and transportation of granular and powder materials. When the FIBC was affected by environment factors synthetically under using, such as light, heat and air etc, it would come into degradation and its mechanical properties reduced. In this study, the basic mechanical properties of polypropylene FIBC base material were tested by tensile experiment and the reason of main base material mechanical properties difference between theoretical value and experimental value was analyzed. Based on the FIBC different using environments, the natural exposure experiment and high/low temperature experiments were carried out, we took tensile strength holding ratio and elongation holding ratio as evaluating indicator and analyzed law of influence of the different experiment condition on base material mechanical properties, which provided valuable reference for FIBC designing and manufacturing. Along with the experiment time increased, the color of base material changed from milk white to yellow slowly, the tensile strength and elongation reduced, the influencing grade was as follow: natural exposure>high temperature>low temperature. The results of natural exposure experiment showed that there was difference of anti-aging performance among the FIBC base material, the mechanical properties of woof fabric and belt reduced evidently, while others reduced slowly. For high (45°C)/low (-25°C) temperature experiments, the reduction of FIBC base materials mechanical properties were not obvious and woof fabric reduced a little faster comparatively.
Study of Plasmon Fields Propagation on Roughness Metal Surfaces
Authors: Juarez-Morales J.C. , Granados-Marin Ma. Lourdes
Published: September 2013

Associating a perturbation term for the effective refractive index which may depend ontime or position we describe the extremal features for the surface plasmon fields propagating on aroughness metal surface. This representation allows us to interpret the surface optical field as ageodesic flow which in principle enables us to associate coherence features to plasmon modes andto analyze the stability of the surface fields under small perturbations of the refractive index.
Analysis of Heavy Metals in the Ash from One Shanghai Plant
Authors: Ma Guo Xian , Zhang Hai Ying
Published: September 2013

APC fly ash requires safe handling due to existence of heavy metals which pose potential threat to peoples health and the environment. In this work, heavy metal characterization was performed by means of ICP analysis and leaching toxicity analysis. It is found that 14 minor elements are detected and content of them follows sequence of Zn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cr > Hg > Cd > As. In addition, leaching toxicity of Hg, Cd, Zn and Pb exceeds the limit in accordance with the HVEP and ALT standards.
Preparation of Hierarchical Porous Methylsilicone Monoliths with Monodisperse Polystyrene Microspheres as Template
Authors: Xu Hui Fang , Zhang Hai Jiao , Chen Qiu Yang , Yuan Cheng Ce , Zhang Qun , Huang Yu Dong
Published: September 2013

Hierarchical porous methylsilicone monoliths were prepared by filling monodisperse polystyrene microsphere (PS) as template and subsequently removing PS in selective solvent. The hierarchical porous structure can be tailored by adjusting the reactant ratio. The textural structure were investigated by the measurement of density, SEM observation, and N2 desorption and adsorption isotherm and pore size distribution. The results showed the hierarchical porous methylsilicone materials with interconnected macropores and mesopores were lightweight and hydrophobic.
Construction of Hammer for Sugarcane Shredder
Authors: Podany Pavel , Džugan Jan , Vacik Josef
Published: September 2013

Article deals with construction of hammer for cane shredder. Function of hammer in shredder consists in crushing sugarcane stalks for further processing in sugar production. Hammer loading and other calculations were made. Four weld deposit materials were suggested for protection of hammer against wear and dynamic loading. All samples with weld deposit were subjected to microstructure evaluation, chemical analysis, high speed impact testing and tribological PIN-on-DISC test for estimation of wear resistance. One weld deposit material was recommended as a result of these tests.
Time Series Analysis and Data Prediction of Large Databases: An Application to Electricity Demand Prediction
Authors: Marcek Dusan
Published: September 2013

We evaluate statistical and machine learning methods for half-hourly 1-step-ahead electricity demand prediction using Australian electricity data. We show that the machine learning methods that use autocorrelation feature selection and BackPropagation Neural Networks, Linear Regression as prediction algorithms outperform the statistical methods Exponential Smoothing and also a number of baselines. We analyze the effect of day time on the prediction error and show that there are time-intervals associated with higher and lower errors and that the prediction methods also differ in their accuracy during the different time intervals. This analysis provides the foundation for construction a hybrid prediction model that achieved lower prediction error. We also show that an RBF neural network trained by genetic algorithm can achieved better prediction results than classic one. The aspect of increased transparency of networks through genetic evolution development features and granular computation is another essential topic promoted by knowledge discovery in large databases.
Deburr Algorithm of Binary Image Based on Outline Trace
Authors: Lei Shi
Published: September 2013

The paper introduces deburr algorithm before line trace in the course of vector quantization of binary map image, and it can receive better effect through applying for the algorithm.
A Gabor Wavelet Transformation-Based Texture Images Classification Algorithm
Authors: Wang Hai Feng , Zhang Kun , Ren Hong E
Published: September 2013

In this paper, we introduce a texture image classification algorithm based on Gabor wavelet transform. Using Gabor wavelet transform, image is decomposed into sub-bands images in multiresolution and multi-direction, and we extract texture feature from all sub-bands images. Then the algorithm groups feature image into clusters by the k near neighbor algorithm. The experimental results on dataset Brodatz showed that the proposed algorithm can achieve an ideal accuracy rate and excellent classification effect.
Research for an Actuator Outputting Push and Pull Force
Authors: An Zeng Yong , Xu Ming Long , Shao Shu Bao , Feng Bo
Published: September 2013

Piezoelectric actuator is compared. The tension and compression symmetrical dual piezoelectric-stack actuator, studied in this paper, is presented finally. The structural principle of this actuator is introduced. The finite element model of this actuator is built up also. Dynamic performance of this actuator is simulated by the MATLAB Simulink, and the results of simulation are in agreement with that of the experiment.
Node Storage Optimization in Cloud
Authors: Chen Zhu Min
Published: September 2013

With the growing demand for mass data storage, cloud storage has become an inevitable trend of the development of the storage. In order to improve the efficiency and stability of cloud storage system, this paper presents an optimization algorithm based on cloud storage. Node idle zone and node resource usage view is divided, while integrating node and global scheduling method, which can improve the cost-effective and stability of cloud storage system.
Research on Visualization Modeling of Plant for IC Packaging
Authors: Peng Li
Published: September 2013

Plant model is critical data in enterprise information system, which is the basis of ERP and MES system. Combined with processing flow and physical layout of equipment in semiconductor industry, key technologies of visual plant model are introduced based on SP95 standard. Design ideas are described from perspectives of basic architecture, model building. The system is integrated, reconfigurable and can be implemented rapidly in front and back end of semiconductor Industry through secondary development and customization. Based on the system, a case of plant model was constructed to prove the validity of this theory in semiconductor industry.
Using the Nearest Neighbor Algorithm to Build a Web-Based Recommender System for House Trading and Matching
Authors: Chang Chung C.
Published: September 2013

This paper is to present one of the techniques of data mining called the nearest neighbor algorithm to build a web-based recommender system for house trading and matching. The nearest neighbor algorithm is a pragmatic and highly accurate algorithm and can be used in the recommender system. Its use could enhance the systems matching ability so that users can easily obtain the information they need. This system offers a better way to get beyond the disadvantages of the traditional conditional or Boolean method that real estate agencies use to search for appropriate houses. Through improving the traditional but inefficient approach to searching, users will not waste much time without getting useful information or good offers of real estate.
Dual Coordinator Structure for Zigbee Network
Authors: Zhao Dong
Published: September 2013

t proposed to set up dual network coordinator to improve the network reliability through the analysis for the Zigbee network topology structure, and then gave the flowchart of the network topology initialization in this paper. The primary and the secondary coordinator mutual backup when initialized.
Review of Electric Load Modeling Research
Authors: Zhou Xue Song , Liang Huan , Ma You Jie
Published: September 2013

The effect of load model on the analyses of load flow, transient stability, small disturbance stability and voltage stability is analyzed. The importance of the load modeling research is emphasized. The development of component-based method and measurement-based method is reviewed. The advances on the load model research including the select ion of load model structure, model parameters identification, load model with the voltage stability analysis and the sensitivity of load model to the transient stability is summarized.
Review of STATCOM Effects on Relay Protection of Power System
Authors: Zhou Xue Song , Ji Chun , Ma You Jie
Published: September 2013

Flexible AC transmission technology (FACTS) is a new technology developed in recent years. It use power electronic technology and modern control technology to achieve fast control for AC transmission system parameter and structure [, to achieve the rational allocation of transmission power, reduce the power loss and the cost of power generation, greatly improve the stability and reliability of the system. STATCOM is based on the principle of reactive power compensation, using full-controlled switching devices to compose self-commutated inventer, complemented by small-capacity storage elements constitute reactive power compensation device. Its role in the power system is the compensation of reactive power, maintain the voltage of the connection point, improve system voltage stability, and improve the steady performance and dynamic performance of the system.
System Dynamics Model Simulation of Sea Battlefield Situation Assessment
Authors: Yu Yong Tao , Ding Ying , Yu Yong Xin
Published: September 2013

The fundamental basis of Navy operational command decision support system is efficient to make an objective assessment of the complex dynamic sea battlefield situation. According to the study proposes the sea battlefield situation based on a system dynamics model evaluate simulation. First sea battlefield situation system analysis; second system causality analysis, to establish a causal loop diagram; again is based on the sea battlefield situation to assess the relationship between flow diagram, build SD simulation model; enter the initial parameter; finally, based on the events of the battlefield to enter the initial parameter, assessment simulation sea battlefield situation, analysis simulation conclusion, put forward suggestions.
Introduction of Topological Horseshoe Theory in Chaotic Research
Authors: Ma You Jie , Song Shuang , Zhou Xue Song
Published: September 2013

Over the past 10 years, nonlinear dynamics and chaotic theory attracted scholars and people got a deeper understanding of chaos. There are many methods for chaos research, and the method of using topological horseshoe is an important branch of those methods. So far, this is one of the core methods with mathematical rigor for chaos research. Based on simple thinking of geometric space, topological horseshoe build a bridge for numerical and theoretical studies of complex behavior of nonlinear systems so that people can carry out a series of studies for chaotic behavior. This paper introduces the basic content of topological horseshoe theory and the application to a simple power system.
Reverse Hardy-Type Integral Inequalities with Two Independent Parameters
Authors: Yang Bei , Chen Guang Sheng
Published: September 2013

By introducing two independent parameters , using weight function and the method of real analisis,some extended reverse Hardy-type integral inequalities were established, and their constant factors were proved to be the optimum value. we have also considered the equivalent forms and some particular results.
Effects of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTS) on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Plasticized Polylactic Acid Nanocomposites
Authors: Othman Maizatulnisa , Tan Kok Hui , Mohd Yusof Hashim , Halisanni Khalid , Ruzaidi Ghazali , Mohd Nazarudin Zakaria , Paridah Tahir , Hassan Noor Azlina
Published: September 2013

A multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/plasticized polylactic acid (PLA) composite was prepared using a two-roll mill set at 170°C and 50 rev/min. The material was characterized using dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). Characterization works include obtaining mechanical properties, such as tensile and flexural properties of the nanocomposites. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) at 6 wt% was used as the plasticizer for blending with the PLA. It was found that the tensile and flexural strengths of the nanocomposites increased up to 43.8 MPa and 81.4 MPa respectively with the addition of 0.15 wt% MWCNTs. The DMA results revealed that the storage modulus and the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the nanocomposites improved with the addition of 0.15 wt% CNTs, which was previously reduced by the incorporation of PEG.
Influence of Processing on the Properties of Carbon Nanotubes/Alumina Hybrid Compound Filled PDMS Composites
Authors: Norlin Nosbi , Hazizan Md Akil
Published: September 2013

The aim of this study is to investigate the properties of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/MWCNT-Al2O3 nanocomposites. The multiwall carbon nanotubes MWCNT-Al2O3 hybrid compound was synthesized using chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method. The nanocomposites were produced by using Sonicator (ultrasonic processor) instrument and followed by casting in the vacuum oven. The content of MWCNT-Al2O3 was varied between 0.5 and 1.5% by weight. The results showed that the MWCNT-Al2O3 was well dispersed in PDMS. The interaction between PDMS and MWCNT-Al2O3 was investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). The mechanical properties of the composite were examined by tensile test. The results showed that the greater of MWCNT-Al2O3 hybrid compound in PDMS composites resulted in lower tensile properties.
Synthesis and Characterization of Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane from Epoxidized Linoleic Acid – A Preliminary Study
Authors: Raden Siti Amirah Hambali , Ahmad Faiza Mohd , Samsuri Azemi
Published: September 2013

Non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) was synthesized from epoxidized linoleic acid (ELA) from rubber seed oil. In this study, carboxylation method was used to synthesize a new monomer, carboxylated linoleic acid (CLA) to produce urethane inter-linkage polymer. ELA with tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr) as catalyst was purged with carbon dioxide as gas reactant. Pressure and temperature reactions were controlled at 10 psi and 150 °C. CLA was mixed with ethylenediamine (EDA) and the viscous mixture was cured in a covered mold in an oven at 100 °C and curing was performed after 12 hours. Tacky test was done to evaluate the curing. The initial epoxy value of ELA was 7.36 % and it was observed during synthesis to reduce via Oxygen Oxirane Content test, which illustrated the conversion of ELA to CLA. The formation of epoxy group in ELA to carboxylate functional group in CLA was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) at absorption peak of 1803.69 cm-1that represent cyclic carbonate group. H-NMR was used to support the characterization of ELA and CLA.
The Effects of Chromium-Free Insulating Coating on the Magnetic Properties in Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel
Authors: Liu Ting , Luo Zhong Han , Mao Jiong Hui , Yang Hao , Hu Shou Tian
Published: September 2013

A kind of environment-friendly Cr-free insulating coating for grain-oriented electrical steel is exhibited in this paper. The tensile stress and the magnetic properties for both Cr-free and Cr-containing insulating coating were measured. The results showed that the more the coating on the metal, the bigger the tensile stress produced. The contribution of the Cr-free insulating coating to the reduction in P1.7/50 varies from 0.092 to 0.192 W/kg, while the reduction in P1.7/50 by the Cr-containing insulating coating is from 0.066 to 0.177 W/kg, with the weight of the coating varies from 4 to 6.5 g/m2. In comparison with the traditional Cr-containing insulating coating, the Cr-free coating produces larger tensile stresses in the metal, thus leads to better magnetic properties, especially in the magnetic losses. Keywords: grain-oriented electrical steel, insulating coating, Chromium-free, magnetic property, tensile stress
The Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Dynamic Hysteresis Phase Diagram: Application on Mean-Field Ising Hysteresis
Authors: Laosiritaworn Wimalin , Kanchiang Kanokwan , Laosiritaworn Yongyut
Published: September 2013

This work used Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to investigate the hysteresis behavior of the Ising spins in structures ranging from one-to two-and three-dimensions. The equation of magnetization motion under the mean-field picture was solved using the Runge-Kutta method to extract the Ising hysteresis loops with varying the temperature, the external magnetic field parameters and the system structure (via the variation of number of nearest neighboring spins). The ANN was then used to establish relationship among parameters via Back Propagation technique in ANN training. With the trained networks, the ANN was used to predict hysteresis data, with an emphasis on the dynamic critical point, and compared with the actual target data. The predicted and the target data were found to agree well which indicates that the ANN functions well in modeling hysteresis behavior and its critical phase diagram across systems with different structures.
In Situ Synthesis of TiB2-TiC0.8-40vol%SiC by Hot Pressing
Authors: Sun Pei Qiu , Zhu De Gui , Jiang Xiao Song , Sun Hong Liang , Chen Song
Published: September 2013

TiB2-TiC0.8-40vol%SiC multiphase ceramics were prepared by in-situ hotpressing sintering. The phase composition and microstructures of the materials were characterized by optical mic- oscope, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of sintering temperature on the phases, microstructures and mechanical properties of the ceramics were investigated. The results show that density, bending strength and fracture toughness of the ceramics are increased with the elevation of sintering temperature (1800-1950°C). High densified TiB2-TiC0.8-40vol%SiC multipha- se ceramics and optimized microstructure is obtained by sintering at 1900°C, in which the uniform distribution of lath-shape TiB2 and bulk TiC0.8 grains can be observed obviously. Nano-SiC particles distributed dispersively in the TiB2 and TiC0.8 grains and at boundaries. The Vickers hardness, fract- ure toughness, flexural strength and electrical conductivity of the TiB2-TiC0.8-40vol%SiC multipha- se ceramics sintered at 1900°C are 24.055GPa, 8.27±1.0MPa∙m1/2, 516.69MPa and 2.2×106S∙m-1, respectively. However, up to 1950°C, TiB2 and TiC0.8 grains gradually grew up, the bending stren- gth of multiphase ceramics was decreased greatly. In addition, TiB2, TiC0.8 and SiC particles were incorporated together to improve the particulate strength and toughness of composite material by the synergistic mechanism effects among the crystal phases in the multiphase ceramics, such as crack deflection, grain’s pull-out and fine-grain toughening.
Multi-Purpose Hydrocyclone Research and Application
Authors: Cui Feng Lu , Shi Wen Xin , Li Xiao Bing , Hao Chun Quan
Published: September 2013

Hydrocyclone is widely used in grading size in 3 ~ 250 μ m classification or separation assignments and grading size less than 15 μ m enrichment or clarification assignments. Now almost having no concentrator don't use hydraulic cyclone. Small diameter hydrocyclone of diameterΦ10 mm can classify ultrafine pulverized coal . So the application of two phase fluid theory and cyclone technology base on the principles of design,Design and manufacture a variety of small diameter hydrocyclone. After practice has proved. Sorting coal superfine particle effect is good. and can be used for sorting other mineral.
Estimation of Effect of Hypergene Processes Proceeding in the Mining-Industrial Technogene System on the Hydrosphere of Dal'negorsk District Using Physicochemical Modeling Method (Primorsky Region)
Authors: Zvereva Valentina Pavlovna , Lysenko Anastasia Igorevna , Kostina Alyona Mikhailovna
Published: September 2013

Estimation of the effect of hypergene and technogene processes proceeding in the ore bodies of the mining excavations and the tailings of the old tailing dump of the Krasnorechenskaya concentrating mills of Dalnegorsk district showed that mineralization of solutions in all modeling systems is high. This allows the hypergene minerals to be crystallized from the solutions. The solutions form the mine and drainage waters, in which the content of sulfide elements is tens, hundreds, thousands, and even tens of thousands times higher than the background characteristics.
Magnesium Recovery from Desiliconization Slag of Nickel Laterite Ores by Carbonization
Authors: Mu Wen Ning , Shi Shuang Zhi , Zhai Yu Chun
Published: September 2013

This work examines the recovery of magnesium from desiliconization slag of nickel laterite ores by carbonation process. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, liquid/solid ratio and CO2 flow rate on magnesium dissolution are investigated. The optimized experimental conditions of recovering magnesium were gained by the analysis of orthogonal experiments.
Optimizing Operational Performance of Diesel Mining Truck Using Thermal Management
Authors: Nessim Waleed , Zhang Fu Jun , Zhao Chang Lu , Zhu Zhen Xia
Published: September 2013

During recent years, various researches have been done to improve combustion process and through that, increasing the fuel economy of diesel engines of heavy truck. However, the controlled thermal management system has not been significantly employed for further reduction of specific diesel oil consumption and increase of truck mileage. Approximately 30% of fuel supplied energy is rejected to the ambient via cooling system which place massive demands for advanced design cooling systems to realize greater engine thermal efficiency. Advanced thermal management system can reduce the fuel consumption, pollutant emissions, warm up time, and enhance overall engine performance. This paper presents a control strategy which enhances the operational performance of the diesel truck using thermal management on two different real driving cycles. Firstly, the cooling system model was validated with experimental data, and then replaced with an advanced controlled thermal management system using a 1-D simulation model. A parametric study is performed using the developed model to examine the effects of advanced control thermal management system on the truck performance. The criteria for selecting the optimum pump speed, fan speed and the valve lift depend on the real truck thermal state to minimize parasitic and pumping losses and the total amount of heat rejected to the ambient. The analysis of the preliminary results indicates that the controlled strategy can reduce the parasitic losses, enhance fuel economy and reducing packing requirements.
The Study of Fluid Inclusions in Haoyaoerhudong Gold Deposit
Authors: Wang De Quan , Liu Jian Chao , Zhang Hai Dong , Zheng Li Hong , Men Wen Hui
Published: September 2013

Haoyaoerhudong gold deposit is located in Inner Mongolia Wulate county. We analysis the characteristics of fluid composition. Salinity values range is from 3.40% to 20.40%; The density of the fluid is from 0.68 to 0.97 g/cm3;Ore-forming pressure is from 11.44 to 58.42MPa;According them, We can separate the fluid into Quartz-pyrite stage, Ore-forming fluid is divided into four stages in Haoyaoerhudong gold deposit. It is quartz calcite phase, the late stage of quartz vein, quartz polymetallic sulfide phase and quartz Pyrite phase. Quartz polymetallic sulfide phase and quartz Pyrite phase is the main metallogenic period in Haoyaoerhudong gold deposit.
High Pressure Properties of Superconducting Material Palladium
Authors: Peng Wei Min , Liu Zhong Li , Fu Hong Zhi
Published: September 2013

The electronic and the superconducting properties of Pd were studied in the framework of density functional perturbation theory. We explored the superconducting transition temperature for bulk Pd and predicted possible superconductivity at ambient and high pressures. It is found that of Pd is 0.0356 K at ambient pressure and it decreases with pressure.
Mechanical Property of (Al, Mg)B2 Phase Reinforced Al-Mg-B Alloys
Authors: Cho Jae Ik , Kim Cheol Woo
Published: September 2013

The microstructure and mechanical behaviors of the Al-Mg-B ternary alloy have been investigated in order to fabricate a composite system composed of (Al,Mg)B2 in a Al-Mg matrix. Several Al-Mg-B ternary alloy compositions were selected for identification of borides and matrix formation during solidification. The in-situ (Al,Mg)B2 phase was developed in an eutectic matrix of Al8Mg5 and Al, and formed in the location of inter and intra the Al dendritic region, indicating that the formation of (Al,Mg)B2 was developed at the initial solidification process. Dominating factors for controlling the (Al,Mg)B2 phase and mechanical behaviors are discussed in terms of structural identifications.
Prediction of Properties of Cu-15Ni-8Sn Alloys Based on Least Square Support Vector Machines
Authors: Fang Shan Feng , Wang Ming Pu
Published: September 2013

A new model based on least square support vector machines (LSSVM) and capable of forecasting mechanical and electrical properties of Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloys has been proposed. Data mining and artificial intelligence techniques of copper alloys are used to examine the forecasting capability of the model. In order to improve predictive accuracy and generalization ability of LSSVM model, leave-one-out-cross-validation (LOOCV) technique is adopted to determine the optimal hyper-parameters of LSSVM automatically. The forecasting performance of the LSSVM model and the artificial neural network (ANN) has been compared with the experimental values. The result shows that the LSSVM model provides slightly better capability of generalized prediction compared to ANN. The present calculated results are consistent with the experimental values, which suggest that the proposed LSSVM model is feasible and efficient and is therefore considerd to be a promising alternative method to forecast the variation of the hardness and electrical conductivity with aging temperature and aging time.
Precipitation Phase and Impurities Distribution of Metallurgical Grade Silicon by Vacuum Refining Followed Slag Treatment
Authors: Lai Hui Xian , Huang Liu Qing , Fang Ming , Lu Cheng Hao , Chen Juan , Yu De Qin , Li Jin Tang , Ma Wen Hui , Shen Jian Ning , Luo Xue Tao
Published: September 2013

Precipitation phase and impurities distribution of MG-silicon were investigated by vacuum refining followed by slag treatment, and the CaO-SiO2-CaF2 system was adopted for slag treatment. Contrasting the microstructure of precipitated phase in slag treatment with and without vacuum refining pretreated, it could be concluded that the composition of precipitated phases, obtained in MG-Si after vacuum refining followed slag treatment, only consisted of Ca-rich intermetallic silicide phases such as Si-Ca-Ni, Si-Ca-Fe and main impurity phase Si-Ca. And the vacuum refining could make an increase in concentration of the impurity Ti due to its low saturated vapor pressure and silicon loss, which was in favor of the interaction with the impurity B, resulting in the formation of TiB2 that could stay at the slag. Consequently, the vacuum refining could be regarded as an effective method for facilitating the removal of B from MG-Si with slag treatment.
Boron Removal from Metallurgical-Grade Silicon by Slag Refining with Yttria-Silica System
Authors: Lu C.H. , Fang M. , Huang L.Q. , Lai H.X. , Chen J. , Chen Y.Q. , Li J.T. , Ma W.H. , Sheng Z.L. , Luo X.T.
Published: September 2013

A new slag system, Y2O3-SiO2-CaF2 system, was adopted in purification of Si for photovoltaic application. The partition ratio of boron (LB) between slag and silicon was studied under different mass ratio of slag to silicon and varying basicity at 1873K. Scanning electron scope and electron probe micro analysis were used to detect the distribution of impurity elements in silicon after slag refining. The experimental results show that the mass ratio of slag to silicon did not affect the trend of slag basicity with LB, and high mass ratio of slag to silicon would decrease LB. Silicon was surrounded by amorphous slag. Impurity elements are concentrated in slag. Yttrium oxide’s role in slag and kinetic analysis of boron removal are also discussed.
Reaction Kinetics of Mg2Si in the Laser Welding Pool of Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Yang Lu , Wang Qing Hua , Li Jie , Liu Yuan , Huang An Guo
Published: September 2013

The metallurgy reactions in the weld pool were analyzed with the application of reaction kinetics. Furthermore a formula to quantificationally calculate the amount of Mg2Si was generated. By means of calculating the thermodynamic condition of the reaction and combined with the verification testing, this article indicates that the metallurgical product Mg2Si was created in the liquid weld pool but not separated out from the arborescent crystal during its solid state. This thesis summarizes the precipitation mechanism of Mg2Si and explains the configuration, amount and location where Mg2Si was separated out by analyzing the phase diagrams and constitution diagrams. Relevant data suggests that: the content of Mg2Si is slightly less than Mg.