bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impactos da educação continuada na constituição identitária de professores de inglês: mo(vi)mentos no tempo
Authors: Sól Vanderlice Dos Santos Andrade
Published: November 2020

Este estudo investiga os efeitos da (des)construção identitária de professores de inglês egressos de um projeto de educação continuada. A trajetória teórico-metodológica deste estudo está ancorada nas pesquisas em Linguística Aplicada. Este trabalho possui cunho qualitativo e privilegia diferentes possibilidades de análise do corpus, o qual foi formado por meio de questionários abertos, entrevistas semiestruturadas, narrativas escritas, filmagens e notas de campo. Os participantes foram nove professoras da rede pública de ensino de Minas Gerais. A investigação revela que o processo de (des)construção das trajetórias das professoras se deu pela via dos rastros e dos “indecidíveis” derridianos e do tempo kairológico (tempo do sujeito).
The Concept of "Greeting" in the Russian and English Blogosphere
Authors: Gromova E.D.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the concept of "greeting" in the context of the development and popularization of Internet communication. In network communication, greeting was determined as one of the most important universals of netiquette, being an invitational structure to a conversation, which is used to establish contact with the interlocutor, defining the relationships and roles of the interlocutors. The importance of greeting formulas as a mandatory component of successful web communication is shown. It is determined that the choice and use of certain greeting structures varies not only due to the communication situation, but also due to the involvement of web interlocutors in a particular culture. As an example, the analysis of Internet publications in the blogosphere was carried out in order to highlight the frequently used greeting formulas in English and Russian web-language. The most used neutral and positive greeting constructions of Russian and English Internet communication were identified.
I. S. Turgenev about the Language of the Russian People, about Its Historical and Genetic Memory
Authors: Antipenko L.G.
Published: November 2020

In the context of the art΄s works of I. S. Turgenev and his epistolary heritage, the issue of preserving the historical memory of the Russian people, its connection with the national language and what is now called ethnic gene pool is a common thread. This is directly convincing to us by the specially allocated series of poems in prose, especially such ones as «Prayer», «Russian Language», «Sphinx». The writer΄s ability to complete historical time, the ability to dive into depths of the life of national element allows him to relate the beginning of Russian civilization to that era from us, which belonged to building the first, most impressive pyramids in Egypt, the Sphinx statue.
Research of The Content and Structure of Foreign Language Communicative Competence
Authors: Shishigina Y.A.
Published: November 2020

At the present stage of teaching a foreign language, one of the most significant goals is the improvement of foreign language communicative competence, which ensures successful communication between speakers of different languages and cultures. The relevance of this article is the fact that the interpretation of the concept of “foreign language communicative competence” in the scientific literature is characterized by ambiguity, which greatly complicates theoretical generalizations in this field. In addition, questions related to the peculiarities of the content and structure of foreign language communicative competence are of great interest. During the writing of this article, the works of domestic and foreign authors were used, affecting the content and structure of foreign language communicative competence (M.N. Vyatyutnev, I.L. Bim, V.V.Safonova, A.N. Schukin, D. Khimes , M. Canal, M. Swain).
Designing a Yoga Intervention Program to Improve Well-Being for Physician Trainees: Challenges and Lessons Learned
Authors: Hoffert Mara , Kerr Holly , Hegab Sara , Whitehouse Sarah , Kokas Maria , MacLean Lisa , Van Harn Meredith G. , Baker-Genaw Kimberly
Published: November 2020

Well-being activities may help to counteract physician burnout. Yoga is known to enhance well-being, but there are few studies of yoga as an intervention for physicians in training. This prospective methodology-development study aimed to explore how to establish a yoga-based well-being intervention for physician trainees in a large urban training hospital. We aimed to identify factors that contribute to trainee participation and explore an instrument to measure changes in self-reported well-being after yoga. Cohorts included a required-attendance group, a voluntary-attendance group, and an unassigned walk-in yoga group. Weekly 1-hour yoga sessions were led by a qualified yoga instructor for 4 weeks. The seven-question Resident Physician Well-Being Index (RPWBI) was used to measure resident well-being before yoga, after 4 weeks of yoga, and 6 months post-yoga. Trainees attending each session ranged from 17 for required yoga to 0–2 for voluntary yoga, 2–9 for lunchtime walk-in yoga, and 1–7 for evening walk-in yoga. In the required-yoga group (n = 17), overall RPWBI mean scores did not change significantly across the three query times, and participation in the survey declined over time. The mean baseline RPWBI score for the required group before yoga was in the non-distressed range and answers to the seven individual questions varied. Requiring a yoga activity for medical trainees may be a good strategy for promoting participation in yoga. The RPWBI may have limited utility for measuring changes in overall group well-being after a yoga intervention.
Avaliação das Condições Higiênico-sanitárias de Serviços de Alimentação do Município de Unaí-MG: Antes e Depois
Authors: Veloso de Almeida Borges Emiliane , Alves Luciene , Santesso Bonnas Deborah , Ferreira Santos Elisa Norberto , Barbosa Borges Jardim Fernanda
Published: November 2020

Segurança do Alimento é um requisito obrigatório no segmento de serviço de alimentação, de forma a garantir a oferta de alimentos de qualidade e sem riscos à saúde dos consumidores. O objetivo do trabalho foi realizar o diagnóstico de estabelecimentos de serviços de alimentação em relação às Boas Práticas de Fabricação na cidade de Unaí, MG e avaliar se as intervenções realizadas foram efetivas. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo de amostragem por conveniência. A metodologia consistiu nas seguintes etapas: a) palestra de sensibilização; b) aplicação de checklist inicial e relatório de diagnóstico inicial; c) plano de ação; d) treinamento sobre Boas Práticas; e) consultorias in loco; f) aplicação de checklist final e relatório de diagnóstico final; g) supervisão final e relatório de auditoria. Houve adesão de 13 empresas ao programa. Pôde-se observar que a média geral de conformidades no diagnóstico inicial foi de 57% e, após as intervenções e treinamento foi de 79%. Houve uma diminuição de 23% das não conformidades nos estabelecimentos. Comprovou-se que as ações de intervenção foram significativas em dez empresas pelo teste exato de Fisher (p < 0,05). As maiores dificuldades encontradas, na maioria dos estabelecimentos, foram insuficientes controles essenciais durante a preparação e manutenção dos alimentos preparados e ausência de capacitações para os manipuladores de alimentos. Conclui-se que houve melhorias higiênico-sanitárias para todos os estabelecimentos e que as intervenções realizadas foram, em geral, efetivas para adequações às Boas Práticas.
Perspectiva sobre el pensamiento sistémico
Authors: Vásquez Sarmiento Alexandra Camila
Published: November 2020

Peter Senge en su libro titulado “La quinta disciplina. El arte y la práctica de la organización abierta al aprendizaje” publicado en 1994 expresa que el pensamiento sistémico es una sensibilidad hacia los entrelazamientos sutiles que confieren a los sistemas vivos su carácter singular, es decir, que el pensamiento sistémico surge de la necesidad de solventar problemas de toda índole, pero, ¿cuáles son los rasgos más importantes del pensamiento sistémico dentro de las organizaciones?, el presente ensayo pretende dar respuesta a esta incógnita. La revisión documental sustentó mediante un estado del arte el método, permitiendo concluir que el pensamiento y comportamiento sistémico en conjunto con la conducta humana son claves para lograr que la planeación estratégica sea alcanzada con éxito.
ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF Lippia multiflora MOLD. AND Melaleuca leucadendron L. ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST SOME ROOT BORNE FUNGI OF IPOMEA BATATAS (L) LAM. IN CÔTE D’IVOIRE
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Péléforo Gon Coulibaly University (UPGC) Côte d'Ivoire, Etienne Tia Vama , Mohamed Cissé ,   Department of Biochemistry, Péléforo Gon Coulibaly University (UPGC) Côte d'Ivoire, Christiane Allani Sophie Aka ,   Péléforo Gon Coulibaly University (UPGC) Côte d'Ivoire
Published: November 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of Lippia multiflor and Melaleuca leucadendron essential oils against three phytopathogenic fungi (Rhizopus sp., Fusarim sp., and Aspergillus sp.) associated with Ipomea batatas tuberous. Essential oils had been extracted by steam distillation method from leaves of selected plants and their chemical composition was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Essential oil composition characterization was followed by the estimation of percentage mycelial growth inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum fungicidal concentration of the isolated essential oils against the tested pathogens by the Sabouraud dilution medium method. Antifungal activity of different concentrations of isolated essential oils was evaluated by using the microdilution method. The most abundant compounds identified in the M. leucadendron essential oil are 1,8-cineole (38.2%), viridiflorol (13.4%), α-Pinene (12.5%), α-terpineol(9.2%), and geranial (22.8%) while L. multiflora essential oil have neral (18.7%), 1,8-Cineole (11.4%), α-Phellandrene (6.8%), sabinene (3.5%) as active ingredients. The concentration of essential oils which completely inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of all the tested pathogen varies and it was reported 0.33µL/mL and 0.66µL/mL for L. multiflora respectively while it was reported 24 µL/mL for M. leucadendron, for both effect, seven days of incubation. The minimum concentration of fungicidal essential oil against Aspergillus sp. was 0.33µL/mL for L. multiflora. The findings of the current study confirm the fungicidal properties of the tested essential oils and their potential use in the management of economically important fungal pathogens of Ipomea batatas. Further, these essential oils can be used as possible alternatives to synthetic fungicides.
Smoke and Mirrors: How Much Do We Know? An Assessment of Graduate Nursing Students' Knowledge of Tobacco and E-Cigarette Use
Authors: Pittala Danielle , Bartos Susan
Published: November 2020

Background: Research suggests that there is a gap in knowledge of healthcare workers and graduate healthcare students on tobacco and e-cigarette use (Franks, Hawes, McCain, & Payakachat, 2017).  These products are proving to be more addictive and contain more nicotine than traditional cigarette products.  Furthermore, there is a difference in the way providers must assess patients for tobacco versus electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, as language plays an important role in how individuals identify as e-cigarette or traditional cigarette users (Young-Wolff et al., 2017). Although these products are new and long-term effects remain unknown, evidence suggests these products do affect overall health.Aim: The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge of graduate nursing students at Fairfield University on tobacco and e-cigarette use.Methods: Sixty-five participants were recruited from the Fairfield University graduate nursing program. Students completed a consent form followed by a pretest that contained 10 survey questions in a true or false format. An educational session was then conducted and followed by the same survey as a posttest. Data was analyzed with SPSS.Results: The mean pretest score was 61.8% and the mean posttest score was 78.8%. A paired sample t-test revealed a p-value of <0.00.Conclusion: This project was statistically significant in educating graduate nursing students on tobacco and e-cigarette use. More education is needed at the graduate level on this topic.
Editorial: A Year like No Other
Authors: Kazer Meredith Wallace
Published: November 2020

No abstract available.
The prognostic value of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein blood level after coronary stenting for the development of stent restenosis
Authors: Filatova A. Yu. , Shlevkova G. V. , Potekhina A. V. , Osokina A. K. , Noeva E. A. , Shchinova A. M. , Masenko V. P. , Arefieva T. I. , Merkulov E. V. , Samko A. N. , Provatorov S. I. , Kuznetsova T. V.
Published: November 2020

Aim      To analyze the relationship between serum concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in dynamics and development of restenosis at 12 months following elective coronary stent placement (CSP).

Material and methods  The key role in atherogenesis, neointimal proliferation and restenosis belongs to inflammation. This study included 91 patients (median age, 60 [56; 66] years) with stable exertional angina after an elective CSP using second-generation stents. Follow-up coronarography was performed for 60 patients at 12 months. Concentration of hsCRP was measured immediately prior to CSP and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after CSP. Restenosis of the stented segment (50% or more narrowing of the stented segment or a 5-mm vessel segment proximally or distally adjacent to the stented segment) was observed in 8 patients.

Results According to results of the ROC analysis, the increase in hsCRP concentration >0.9 mg/l (>25%) at one month after CSP had the highest predictive significance with respect of restenosis (area under the ROC curve, 0.89 at 95 % confidence interval (CI) from 0.79 to 0.99; sensitivity, 87.5 %; specificity, 82.8 %; р=0.0005), which was superior to the absolute value of hsCRP concentration >3.0 mg/l (area under the ROC curve, 0.82 at 95 % CI from 0.68 to 0.96; р=0.0007).

Conclusion      Increased concentration of hsCRP ≥0.9 mg /l (≥25 %) at a month after CSP was associated with restenosis of the coronary artery stented segment.
The balance of benefit and risk in prescribing antithrombotic therapy for patients with coronary artery disease. How to deal with the gastrointestinal bleeding problem?
Authors: Komarov A. L. , Shakhmatova O. O. , Korobkova V. V.
Published: November 2020

The review focuses on upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) receiving an antithrombotic therapy. Approaches to risk stratification for GI bleeding and correction of modifiable factors that determine the probability of such events are addressed in detail. Recommendations are provided for administration of stomach-protecting drugs. The interrelation of risk factors for thromboses and bleedings is stressed, and possible indications for a multicomponent antithrombotic therapy in patients with stable IHD are discussed.
Miocarditis in Patients with COVID-19 Confirmed by Immunohistochemical
Authors: Kogan E. A. , Berezovskiy Yu. S. , Blagova O. V. , Kukleva A. D. , Bogacheva G. A. , Kurilina E. V. , Kalinin D. V. , Bagdasaryan T. R. , Semeyonova L. A. , Gretsov E. M. , Ergeshov A. E. , Fomin V. V.
Published: November 2020

Aim      Despite the regular heart damage in patients with coronavirus pneumonia caused by SARS-Cov-2, a possibility of developing lymphocytic myocarditis as a part of COVID-19 remains unsubstantiated. The aim of this study was to demonstrate a possibility of lymphocytic myocarditis and to study its morphological features in patients with the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) with a severe course.

Material and methods   Postmortem data were studied for 5 elderly patients (74.8±4.4 years; 3 men and 2 women) with the novel coronavirus infection and bilateral, severe polysegmental pneumonia (stage 3–4 by computed tomography). COVID-19 was diagnosed based on the typical clinical presentation and positive polymerase chain reaction test in nasopharyngeal swabs. All patients were treated in different hospitals repurposed for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. A standard histological study was performed with hematoxylin and eosin, toluidine blue, and van Gieson staining. Serial paraffin slices were studied immunohistochemically with antibodies to CD3, СD68, CD20, perforin, and toll-like receptors (TLR) 4 and 9.

Results In none of the cases, myocarditis was suspected clinically, added to the diagnosis or indicated as a possible cause of death. IHD and acute myocardial infarction were mentioned as error diagnoses not confirmed by the postmortem examination. The morphological examination of the heart identified signs of lymphocytic myocarditis consistent with Dallas criteria for this diagnosis. Myocardial infiltrate was characterized in detail, and a combined inflammatory damage of endocardium and pericardium was described. The immunohistochemical study with cell infiltrate typing confirmed the presence of CD3-positive Т lymphocytes and the increased expression of TLR-4. A picture of coronaritis, including that with microvascular thrombosis, was found in all cases.

Conclusion      A possibility for development of lymphocytic viral myocarditis in COVID-19 was confirmed morphologically and immunohistochemically. Specific features of myocarditis in COVID-19 include the presence of coronaritis and a possible combination of myocarditis with lymphocytic endo- and pericarditis.
Features of the clinical picture and outcomes in patients from a heart transplantation waiting list with different causes of heart failure
Authors: Kostomarov A. N. , Simonenko M. A. , Fedorova M. A. , Fedotov P. A.
Published: November 2020

Aim To identify clinical differences between patients on the heart transplant waiting list (HTWL) in the origin of chronic heart failure (CHF).Materials and methods From January 2010 through September 2019, 235 patients (age, 47+13 years (from 10 to 67 years); men, 79% (n=186)) were included in the HTWL. The patients were divided into two groups; group 1 (n=104, 44 %) consisted of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD); group 2 (n=131, 56 %) included patients with noncoronarogenic CHF. Clinical and instrumental data and frequency of the mechanical circulatory support (MCS) as a “bridge” to heart transplantation (HT) were retrospectively evaluated.Results Group 1 included more male patients than group 2 [97 % (n=101) and 82 % (n=85), р<0.0001]; patients were older (54±8 and 42±14 years, р=0.0001). On inclusion into the HTWL, the CHF functional class was comparable in the groups, III [III;IV]; there were more patients of the UNOS 2 class in group 1 than in group 2 [75 % (n=78) and 57 % (n=75), р=0.005]. Patient distribution in UNOS 1B and 1A classes was comparable in the groups: 21% (n=22) and 3% (n=4) in group 1 and 33 % (n=43) and 10 % (n=13) in group 2. According to echocardiography patients of group 1 compared to group 2 showed a tendency towards higher values of left ventricular ejection fraction (Simpson method) [22 [18;26] % and 19 [15;24] %, р=0.37] and stroke volume [59 [44;72] % and 50 [36;67] %, р=0.07]. Numbers of patients with a cardioverter defibrillator or a cardiac resynchronization device with a defibrillator function were comparable in the groups [35 % (n=36) and 34 % (n=45)]. Comparison of comorbidities in groups 1 and 2 showed higher incidences of pulmonary hypertension [55 % (n=57) and 36 % (n=47), р=0.005], obesity [20 % (n=21) and 10 % (n=13), р=0.03], and type 2 diabetes mellitus [29 % (n=30) and 10 % (n=13), р=0.0004]. Rates of chronic obstructive lung disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease and other diseases were comparable. Duration of staying on the HTWL was comparable (104 [34; 179] and 108 [37; 229] days). During staying on the HTWL, patients of group 1 less frequently required MCS implantation [3 % (n=3) and 28 % (n=21), р=0.0009]. HT was performed for 59 % patients (n=61) in group 2 and 52 % (n=69) patients in group 2. Death rate in the HTWL was lower in group 1 [13 % (n=14) and 27 % (n=35), р<0.01].Conclusion On inclusion into the HTWL, patients with noncoronarogenic CHF had more pronounced CHF manifestations and a more severe UNOS class but fewer comorbidities than patients with CHF of ischemic origin. With a comparable duration of waiting for HT, patients with noncoronarogenic CHD more frequently required MCS implantation and had a higher death rate.
The changes of left ventricular longitudinal systolic function depending on hypertension and its control: analysis in a population
Authors: Guseva V. P. , Ryabikov A. N. , Voronina E. V. , Malyutina S. K.
Published: November 2020

Aim To evaluate changes in left ventricular (LV) systolic function by LV myocardial global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global strain rate (GSR) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and based on the effectiveness of blood pressure (BP) control in a Russian population sample of individuals older than 55 years.Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was a population-based cohort study (HAPIEE, Novosibirsk). LV myocardial GLS and GSR were studied by echocardiography in a random sample (n=1004, 55–84 years). Statistical analysis was performed with multivariate models of logistic regression.Results AH prevalence in the study sample was 78.4 %. Mean GLS was 19.1 % (SD, 4.07), which was less for men than for women (p=0.001). Mean GSR was 0.86 s-1 (SD, 0.19) and was not different between men and women. In individuals with AH, the GLS absolute value was lower than in normotensive people (18.8 %; SD, 4.04 vs. 20.2 %; SD, 4.03, p˂0.001); these differences remained irrespective of the age, gender, body weight index (BWI) (p=0.027), and LV mass index (p=0.05). When people with AH were divided into groups, the lowest GLS absolute values were observed among “ineffectively treated” or not receiving any therapy individuals (p<0.001 vs. normotensive group). AH 1.6 times increased the risk of LV GLS decrease. In individuals with AH, the GSR absolute value was lower than in normotensive people (– 0.85 s-1 (SD, 0.19) vs.– 0.92 s-1 (SD, 0.18), p<0.001); this difference remained in multivariate models. The lowest GSR absolute values were observed in the “ineffectively treated“ group irrespective of the gender, age, and BWI (p=0.036 vs. normotensive group). AH doubled the risk of LV GSR decrease, which could be partially explained by the contribution of BWI and myocardial mass index.Conclusion In this population sample, LV GLS and GSR were independently associated with AH. The lowest GLS and GSR values were observed for ineffectively treated” individuals with AH, which may reflect an early decline of LV systolic function with inadequate control of AH.
Evidence-Based Information Which Could Influence Arterial Hypertension Treatment Approach after Publication of SPRINT Trial Results
Authors: Gilyarevsky S. R. , Bendeliani N. G. , Golshmid M. V. , Zaharova G. Yu. , Kuzmina I. M. , Sinitcina Irina Ivanovna
Published: November 2020

The article discusses results of secondary analysis of the data obtained in the SPRINT study and published in recent years. Unresolved issues in the tactics of managing patients with arterial hypertension are discussed. One of such issues is choosing an optimum level of blood pressure (BP) for a subgroup of patients with certain characteristics, including elderly and senile patients, patients with chronic kidney disease, and patients with arterial hypertension who continue smoking. The article discusses calculation of a threshold of risk for complications of cardiovascular diseases, at which a maximum advantage of intensified regimens of antihypertensive therapy could be achieved. In addition, the article addresses approaches to selection of antihypertensive drugs in the current conditions. The authors discussed the role of candesartan in the treatment of arterial hypertension, a sartan most studied in a broad range of patients. The issue of a rapid increase in BP without a damage to target organs is addressed; evidence for the role of captopril in such clinical situation is provided.
Cardiovascular Pathology in Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Serezhina E. K. , Obrezan A. G.
Published: November 2020

In the recent months of the COVID-19 pandemics, the cardiological society has faced a new challenge, myocardial injury by the coronavirus infection. According to statistics, 20-40% of hospitalized patients have chest pain, heart rhythm disorders, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death syndrome. This review focuses on recent studies and clinical cases related with this issue.
Modern approaches to the organization of care for patients with heart failure
Authors: Glezer M. G. , Chernyavskaya T. K.
Published: November 2020

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a wide-spread disease (from 7 to 10% in the Russian Federation) and tends to grow. Frequent, repeated hospitalizations of CHF patients are due to insufficient compliance of patients with the treatment and the absence of continuity in management of patients between the hospital and out-patient clinic. Developing a structure of specialized care could provide improvement of treatment quality, a decrease in the number of hospitalizations, and better prognosis. International experience shows that creation of specialized clinics for heart failure improves quality of medical care in CHF and decreases the frequency of re-hospitalizations and mortality. In the Russian Federation, such clinics were created in Nizhniy Novgorod, Ufa, Saint Petersburg, and several other cities. The article presents an expert consensus on the structure, functions, and equipment of departments and offices for patients with heart failure.
Polymorphic locus rs1061624 of the ТNFR2 gene is associated with the development of arterial hypertension in males
Authors: Moskalenko M. I. , Ponomarenko I. V. , Milanova S. N. , Verzilina I. N. , Efremova O. A. , Polonikov A. V.
Published: November 2020

Aim To study the involvement of cytokine polymorphous loci in development of arterial hypertension (AH) in men from the Central Black Earth region of Russia.Materials and methods 821 men were evaluated, including 564 patients with AH and 257 individuals of the control group. Analysis of 8 cytokine mononucleotide polymorphisms (MNP) was performed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction with TagMan probes. Statistical analysis was performed with the STATISTICA (v.10.0) and PLINK (v.1.06) software. The regulatory potential of MNP was analyzed with the HaploReg (v.4.1) service (http://archive.broadinstitute.org).Results The rs1061624 ТNFR2 polymorphous locus was associated with development of AH in men in recessive (odd ratio (OR), 0.33; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.18–0.61, рperm=0.0004) and additive (OR, 0.50, 95 % CI: 0.34–0.74, рperm=0.0006) genetic models and exerted a protective effect in development of AH. The rs1061624 MNP of the ТNFR2 gene has a regulatory significance; it is located in the DNA sites hypersensitive to the action of DNAase 1 and in binding sites for transcriptional factors and histones that mark enhancers and promoters in different organs and tissues.Conclusion The rs1061624 ТNFR2 gene polymorphism is involved in the development of AH in men of the Central Black Earth region of Russia.
La reparación a las víctimas en Colombia
Authors: Caicedo Fraide Eder Maylor , Enciso Suárez María Alejandra , Solano Reyes Cristian Fabián
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo analiza los pronunciamientos y la jurisprudencia emanada en el marco del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos y en el derecho penal internacional en materia de reparación integral a las víctimas y compara las dinámicas de reparación que se han esbozado en los acuerdos de paz y en las instituciones creadas por el Estado colombiano. En este sentido, la metodología utilizada se basa fundamentalmente en el método analítico mediante la lectura de jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, de la Corte Penal Internacional y de la legislación colombiana sobre la reparación a las víctimas. El artículo está dividido en tres acápites que dan cuenta de la forma en que el sistema jurídico internacional ha analizado el fenómeno de las víctimas y de la forma en que Colombia ha asumido esta problemática en su legislación y jurisprudencia.
El pago y la exigibilidad de las obligaciones de los consumidores dentro de la emergencia sanitaria decretada con ocasión de la pandemia del COVID- 19
Authors: Alarcón Peña Andrea , Villalba Cuellar Juan Carlos
Published: November 2020

El presente escrito tiene como finalidad analizar las implicaciones que la emergencia económica, social y ambiental, decretada en marzo del año 2019 genera en relación con el pago, la exigibilidad y extinción de las obligaciones de los consumidores en las relaciones contractuales vigentes a la fecha de su declaratoria. El análisis busca enfocarse en el campo de las relaciones de consumo para interpretar algunas especificidades relativas a los contratos de consumo, más allá de lo que se predicaría en el ámbito del derecho civil y comercial.
FINANCIAL SECURITY DIAGNOSTICS TOOLS FOR CORPORATE ENTERPRISES
Authors: Dokiienko L.M. , Hrynyuk N.A. , Lapko O.O. , Kramarev H.V.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. In order to diagnose internal financial threats to the financial security of domestic corporate enterprises, a three-pronged system of assessment of their financial security has been proposed, in which it is proposed to include a classic financial analysis tool, financial stability assessment toolkit and value management toolkit.
Coefficient and discriminant statistical models are used within the classical tools of financial analysis. In order to increase the informativeness of the coefficient model and ensure its comprehensiveness, a matrix for diagnosing internal financial threats to the financial security of a corporate enterprise has been developed, in which the level of financial security is determined by assessing the state of financial performance, grouped into regulatory conformity classes. On the basis of discriminatory statistical models, a model is proposed for assessing the level of financial security of corporate enterprises, depending on the peculiarities of the scale of indicative values of the most popular models of bankruptcy risk diagnosis.
To diagnose financial security, a model for assessing the financial stability of operational activities has been proposed as part of the financial stability assessment tool, that measures the level of financial security of corporate enterprises by classifying financial situations according to their degree of stability, depending on the composition and structure of sources of supply requirements for reserve formation. A matrix for diagnosing the internal financial threats to the financial security of a corporate enterprise based on the modified financial reporting model has been developed as a generic tool for measuring financial stability, which allows the determination of the level of financial security by linking indicators of financial stability, solvency and financial risk. Based on the modification of the financial equilibrium matrix, a model has been developed for diagnosing the internal financial threats to the financial security of the enterprise, according to which the level of financial security is determined by the financial soundness zone, depending on the forecasts of the special aggregates.
Value-based management (VBM) and balanced scorecard (BSC) are justified to provide an effective strategic management tool with enhanced forecasting capabilities to assess the financial security of corporate enterprises and to propose appropriate tools based on the cascading of financial indicators.
Keywords: corporate enterprise, financial security, level of financial security, financial security diagnostic system, financial stability, toolbox, evaluation model, diagnostic matrix.
JEL Classіfіcatіon G32, M2
Formulas: 7; fig.: 1; tabl.: 6; bibl.: 21.
THE IMPACT OF EXTERNAL PUBLIC DEBT ON THE NATIONAL ECONOMY’S KEY MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS (CASE OF UKRAINE)
Authors: Giedratis V.R. , Sofiienko A.P. , Zatonatska T. , Bazhenova O.V. , Dluhopolskyi O.V.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The paper empirically explores the impact of external public debt in Ukraine on key macroeconomic indicators such as real GDP growth, real effective exchange rate, and current account balance. The problem of increasing external debt affects not only the problems of balance of payments fluctuations but also economic security and economic growth. We have tested the hypotheses regarding the impact of Ukraine’s external public debt on these indicators in the short and long run. As an empirical tool for hypotheses testing vector autoregression models (VaR models) have been chosen. The results of constructed models show the acceleration of the external public debt growth provokes the GDP growth rate to fall with subsequent macrostabilization. The reaction of the GDP growth rate to the shock of the real effective exchange rate is more noticeable. The shock of real effective exchange rate has led to increase in external public debt with a further dampening to zero.Empirical data from the VaR model confirm that external debt has a negative impact on GDP and essentially behaves similarly to the shock of REER strengthening. Research results confirm the relationship between external public debt, real effective exchange rate, and GDP growth in Ukraine. Based on the models it was analyzed the external public debt and real effective exchange rate shocks influence the real gross domestic product growth rate. The growth of external public debt leads to the GDP growth rate fall by 1% during a year and a half with subsequent stabilization in the future. GDP growth fluctuations are explained mainly by their own fluctuations while external public debt is accounting for 2,5—8% of its fluctuations. Fluctuations in external public debt of 7—10% are explained by current account fluctuations in Ukraine. The described results of the model correspond to the concept of dependent economy.
Keywords: public debt, GDP, balance of payment, fluctuation, exchange rate.
JEL Classification E31, E47, E52, F43, F62
Formulas: 7; fig.: 3; tabl.: 4; bibl.: 46.
АНАЛІЗ І ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ РЕСУРСНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ АГРАРНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Костирко Л.А. , Соломатіна Т.В. , Чернодубова Е.В. , Хромяк В.М.
Published: November 2020

Анотація. На основі дослідження стану розвитку аграрних підприємств та їхнього ресурсного потенціалу розкрито проблеми і фактори, що впливають на ефективність використання ресурсного потенціалу: неефективне використання земель сільськогосподарського призначення, диспропорції у структурі активів, дефіцит власних обігових коштів, незбалансованість чистого обігового капіталу і фінансових потреб, особливо в малому і середньому бізнесі; незначна частка коштів державної підтримки для потужного інноваційного розвитку, порушення структури капіталу, високі ризики аграрного виробництва, у тому числі з природно-кліматичних причин. Запропоновано методичний підхід до аналізу й оцінки ефективності ресурсного потенціалу аграрних підприємств, заснований на методі математичного моделювання DEA, який передбачає індексну оцінку ефективності використання фінансових ресурсів за факторами і критеріями відстані точки від еталонної межі виробничого потенціалу. Обґрунтовано доцільність здійснення технічної оцінки ефективності використання ресурсного потенціалу аграрних підприємств у поєднанні з іншими підходами (порівняльним, комбінованим), що надає можливість здійснити вибір рішень щодо нарощування обсягу виробництва або зменшення витрат ресурсів. На основі результатів апробації методичного підходу ресурсного потенціалу визначено основні детермінанти, що обмежують ефективність ресурсного потенціалу та пріоритети щодо ресурсозабезпечення і підвищення результативності діяльності аграрних підприємств: упровадження програм державної підтримки інноваційних ресурсозберігальних технологій аграрного виробництва; нарощування технічного і технологічного потенціалу шляхом залучення інвестиційних кредитів, лізингових та партнерських програмам; упровадження ефективних фінансових інструментів; відкриття прозорого та чіткого ринку землі.
Ключові слова: ресурси, ефективність, ресурсний потенціал, метод моделювання DEA, технічна ефективність, аналіз, фактори, аграрні підприємства.
Формул: 0; рис.: 2; табл.: 5; бібл.: 14.
THE JUSTIFICATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Vorontsova A. , Vasylieva T. A. , Mayboroda T.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. In the conditions of formation of post-industrial social relations, there is a qualitative transformation of basic principles of functioning of both leading national economies and the world economy as a whole. In particular, under intensive scientific and technical progress, as well as the growth of labor productivity, knowledge, technologies and innovations became the basis for building a competitive national economy. Education, as one of the leading industries that produce these factors, becomes one of the highest priorities of state regulation.
In this regard, this article is devoted to the justification of effectiveness of financial support of education in the context of development and transformation of the national economy. To fulfil this task, at the first stage the authors formed a set of statistical data covering 14 countries of Central and Eastern Europe for the period 2006—2016, calculations were performed using the STATA 11 complex, a regression analysis with fixed effects and a distribution-lag modeling were selected as the study methods. Government expenditures on education were dependent variables and the leading indicators of the national economy (e.g., GDP, GNI, industry, production, services and agriculture as value added, imports and exports of goods and services, FDI, etc.) were as independent variables. In the second stage, a correlation analysis was performed to justify the need for the use of lag and determine its value. As a result of the study, the authors of the work revealed the current and long-term relationship between macroeconomic parameters that characterize sectoral and technological changes in the structure of the national economy and state financing of education. At the same time, a direct relationship was found for the main macroeconomic indicators (GDP, GNI, the participation of industry, production, services and agriculture in value added, exports and imports of goods and services), and long-term relationship (with a lag of 3—7 years) was found for FDI, current and financial balance of payments (direct dependence), exports of high-tech ICT goods and services, as well as tax revenues (inverse dependence).
Keywords: financial support of education, national economy, state financing of education, regression analysis, distribution-lag modeling, Central and Eastern Europe countries.
JEL Classіfіcatіon I22, I28, H52, E20
Formulas: 1; fig.: 1; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 44.
PRIORITY FORMATS OF TRADE INTEGRATION OF COUNTRIES
Authors: Tsygankova T.M. , Obolenska T. Y. , Yatsenko О.М. , Lyskova L. M. , Sovenko O. I.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The study is devoted to the problem of trade integration of countries, in the context of globalization, the development of foreign trade is one of the main factors in the competitiveness of the national economy. Partnership with the EU is strategic for Ukraine. The aim of the study is to reveal the key characteristics and manifestations of the asymmetric development of trade integration of Ukraine and the EU and to identify priority areas of trade and economic cooperation. The object of the study is the process of trade integration of countries on the example of Ukraine with the EU. Methods, measures and tools of trade and economic cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the context of integration are the subject of the study. The study is devoted to the characteristics of the partnership between Ukraine and the European Union in the context of the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA), which came into force on September 1, 2017 and is part of the Association Agreement. The dynamics of indicators of Ukraine’s economy development and foreign trade sphere is quantitatively estimated. An analysis of relations between Ukraine and the EU was conducted and it was concluded that the EU is a priority partner of Ukraine, as on average 42% of Ukraine’s goods and services are exported to Europe in recent years. The existing asymmetries of trade and economic integration of Ukraine and the EU, which are manifested in technological disproportion, raw material exports from Ukraine and high-tech imports, a negative balance and the constant growth of the negative trade balance of Ukraine are pointed out. To assess the effectiveness of Ukraine’s trade policy measures in terms of the DCFTA, a gravity model was built, which allowed to state that bilateral trade between the EU and Ukraine is more elastic than the dynamics of economic growth of EU GDP and less elastic than the dynamics of Ukraine’s GDP. The study confirmed that the DCFTA between Ukraine and the EU has already significantly affected the growth of trade turnover between these countries. The main integration opportunities and threats of cooperation between Ukraine and the EU have been identified. The main tools of trade integration are highlighted and the priority goals of trade integration of countries are identified in our study of Ukraine and the EU.
Keywords: trade integration, trade policy, DCFTA, FTA, globalization, international trade.
Formulas: 2; fig.: 1; tabl.: 4; bibl.: 19.
Passive Smoking is Associated with Risk of Early Onset of Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: Abul-Fadl AM Azza M. , Darweesh Mohamed , Bishr Nehad Taha , Amer Eman Gamal , Al-Jawaldeh Ayoub
Published: November 2020

Background: Second hand smoke (SHS) exposes infants and young children to many short and long term hazards. In adults PS was found to result in left sided diastolic dysfunction.

Aim: To identify changes in the structure and function of the right side of the heart that can be influenced by exposure of infants to SHS.

Methods: Echocardiographic evaluation of the right side of the heart was carried out for 75 infants aged 3 to 12 months of age; 39 were formula milk fed (FF) from birth and an age matched control of 36 breastfed  (BF) infants. A sub-analysis was done for each group in relation to exposure to PS. Measurements included Tricuspid annular plane excursion (TAPSE) and S’ wave for peak systolic annular velocity for right systolic function, E wave (early passive ventricular filling) and E/A ratio, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) for E’ and A’ and E/E’ prime ratio for assessing ventricular filling pressure for diastolic dysfunction.

Findings:  TDI in FF showed significantly higher values for E prime and E/E’ ratio in infants not exposed to SHS vs. those exposed to SHS (12.5±0.96 cm vs. 11.1±1.1 cm at P=0.000) and E/E’ (6.65±0.9 vs. 7.7±0.9 at P=0.003) respectively. There were no significant differences in systolic function (TAPSE) and S’ wave. However RV diameter was significantly higher in those exposed to SHS (1.3±0.09 cm) vs. no exposure (1.2±0.07 cm) at P<0.05. In the BF there were no significant differences in all dimensions examined for SHS exposures and no exposures.

Conclusions: SHS in FF infants are at risk of right sided diastolic dysfunction while early breastfeeding seems to protect the heart from the hazards of SHS.
Studying Optical Characteristics of Diffused Light Reflecting from Naturally Senescing Leaves of Deciduous Trees
Authors: Mamelin Yu.V. , Kopytov G.F. , Buzko V.Yu.
Published: November 2020

Study object included leaves of deciduous trees in the Krasnodar Territory at different stages of senescing visually manifested in their color alteration. Study subject was the optical characteristics of light diffused reflection from green, yellow-green and yellow leaves of deciduous trees in the Krasnodar Territory during the autumn season. Work objective lies in identifying the possibility to establish differences between green leaves of deciduous trees, and yellow-green and yellow leaves of deciduous trees using the terrain multispectral and hyperspectral sounding methods, as well as collecting information on spectral characteristics of the diffused light being reflected from various biological objects. Results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of data obtained through the diffused light reflectance spectroscopy from leaves of deciduous trees are presented. Narrow-band vegetation indices mNDVI705, mSR705, CRI1, SIPI and PSRI were used in quantitative analysis of data on the diffused light reflection spectra obtained from green, yellow-green and yellow leaves of deciduous trees. It was revealed that the use of narrow-band vegetation indices in the remote sensing algorithms using multi- and hyperspectral cameras makes it possible to rather accurately distinguish leaves at different stages of senescing. Optical characteristics of diffused light reflection from green, yellow-green and yellow leaves of deciduous trees, which are typical species of trees in urban and rural plantings in the Krasnodar Territory, are described for the first time
Nowe kierunki w nauczaniu i wychowaniu prezentowane w „Ruchu Pedagogicznym” w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym
Authors: Ślęczka Ryszard
Published: November 2020

W artykule przedstawiono odniesienia do europejskich, czy światowych doświadczeń w obrębie pedagogiki nowego wychowania. Czyniono to najczęściej za pośrednictwem czasopism naukowych lub popularnonaukowych. Do jednego z nich należał „Ruch Pedagogiczny” redagowany przez Henryka Rowida, autora koncepcji szkoły pracy. Na jego łamach prezentowano aktualne poglądy takich pedagogów, jak: J. Deweya, G. Kerschensteinera, H. Parkhurst, Owidiusza J. Decroly᾽ego, Rudolfa Steinera i innych. Poprzez „Ruch Pedagogiczny” starano się zachęcać całe środowisko nauczycielskie do odejścia od tradycyjnych metod nauczania i wychowania (mających swoje oparcie w dziewiętnastowiecznym herbartyzmie) na rzecz nowatorstwa pedagogicznego.
The Extent of Conformity of Academic Programs Outcomes at the College of Engineering, The University of Jordan to ABET Standards from the Viewpoint of Faculty Members and Quality Assurance Representatives
Authors: عبدالله هواش د. دلال مصطفى
Published: November 2020

The current study aimed to identify the extent to which the academic outcomes of the programs of the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Jordan conform to the American accreditation standards "ABET". To achieve the study objective, the qualitative method was followed and three tools were used: standardized open-ended interviews, participant observation, and analysis of documents collected from the field. Major findings revealed that engineering departments which were granted accreditation seek to achieve the academic outcomes of the programs that emanate from the international accreditation standards of ABET by a periodic continuous comprehensive evaluation system of all activities of the teaching process. Internal accreditation committees are formed in the engineering departments consisting of academic staff, administrative professionals and specialists with experience in monitoring and evaluation. The Faculty of Engineering has benefited from achieving the minimum standards of accreditation in improving the quality of learning outcomes and obtaining accredited university degrees similar to any degree in an accredited American university.  The engineering departments also seek to improve the infrastructure and provision of equipment appropriate to the standards through obtaining institutional support. Despite the existence of some obstacles and challenges facing the engineering departments, they have benefited from accreditation. It was recommended to apply accreditation standards for all academic majors in universities for their importance for students, faculty members and the profession.

Keywords: academic outcomes, faculty of engineering, University of Jordan, abet accreditation standards, faculty, quality representatives.