bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Màng phân hủy sinh học kháng khuẩn bảo quản thực phẩm sống
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Huỳnh Như , Nguyễn Quỳnh Như , Nguyễn Thị Yến Nhi , Nguyễn Hoàng Ngọc Phương ,   Trường Đại học Khoa học Tự nhiên, ĐHQG-HCM,   Trường Đại học Khoa học Tự nhiên, ĐHQG-HCM,   Trường Đại học Khoa học Tự nhiên, ĐHQG-HCM,   Trường Đại học Khoa học Tự nhiên, ĐHQG-HCM
Published: January 2021

Nguồn thịt cá tươi sống bày bán ngoài chợ thường phơi nhiễm với các tác nhân gây bệnh trong thời gian dài do các hộ tiểu thương không đầu tư thiết bị bảo quản thực phẩm chuyên dụng. Bên cạnh đó, bao nhựa dùng một lần đựng thực phẩm tươi sống trở thành gánh nặng đối với công tác xử lý rác thải và góp phần làm tình hình ô nhiễm trắng ngày càng trầm trọng. Bacteriocin là một chất kháng khuẩn tự nhiên, do vi khuẩn sinh lactic acid tổng hợp, từ lâu đã được ứng dụng trong bảo quản thực phẩm. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi thử nghiệm tạo màng cellulose vi sinh (bacterial cellulose, BC) hấp phụ với bacteriocin để tạo màng bọc thực phẩm có khả năng phân hủy sinh học và hạn chế nhiễm khuẩn thực phẩm. Màng bacterial cellulose được thu nhận từ quá trình lên men bề mặt của Acetobacterxylinum nuôi trong môi trường chứa 50% nước dừa và 15% sucrose sau 3 ngày đạt độ dày 2 mm và độ ẩm 94%. LAB phân lập từ bắp cải chua, kim chi và sữa chua được kiểm tra bằng kính hiển vi, các phản ứng sinh hóa và định danh bằng khối phổ. Lactobacillus plantarum, dòng phân lập cho hoạt tính kháng khuẩn mạnh nhất trong 9 dòng đã phân lập, được nuôi cấy để thu bacteriocin thô đạt 100 AU/ml theo phương pháp khuếch tán trên giếng thạch tạo vòng kháng khuẩn to rõ so với đối chứng trên 3 chủng chỉ thị Escherichia coli, Staphylococusaureus và Bacillus subtilis. Màng BC hấp phụ bacteriocin nồng độ 100 AU/mL trong 45 phút có thể bảo quản thực phẩm tươi sống như cá trong 24 giờ (TCVN 8338:2010) và thịt trong 18 giờ (TCVN 7046:2009) ở nhiệt độ thường.
Thực trạng ô nhiễm vi sinh trong nước uống đóng chai tại khu vực 5 tỉnh Tây Nguyên
Authors: Nguyễn Vũ Thuận , Phạm Văn Doanh , Nguyễn Thị Thu Hiền ,   Viện Vệ sinh dịch tễ Tây Nguyên,   Viện Vệ sinh dịch tễ Tây Nguyên,   Viện Vệ sinh dịch tễ Tây Nguyên
Published: January 2021

Khảo sát thực trạng ô nhiễm vi sinh 390 mẫu nước uống đóng chai về các chỉ tiêu Escherichia coli, Clostridia, Coliform tổng số, Streptococci feacal, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Kết quả tỷ lệ nhiễm vi sinh t trong nước uống đóng chai năm 2017 là 56,7% năm 2018 là 50,7%. Các chỉ tiêu vi sinh không đạt gồm có: Pseudomonas aeruginosa 41,5%, Coliform tổng số 11,8%, Clostridia 4,6%; Escherichia coli 4,9%; Streptococci feacal 1,3%. Cần tăng cường công tác kiểm tra, giám sát, tuyên truyền, giáo dục đưa ra những cảnh báo nguy cơ, đảm bảo chất lượng nước và nâng cao nhận thức của người sản xuất, kinh doanh, tiêu dùng.
Assessing the origin food raw materials at cafeteria kitchens of foreign invested enterprises, hung yen province-2018 and implementing intervention solutions
Authors: Do Manh Hung , Nguyen Thanh Long ,   Hung Yen Provincial Department of Food Safety and Hygiene,   Hung Yen Provincial Department of Food Safety and Hygiene
Published: January 2021

A cross sectional study was conducted to assess the current status of food raw materialsat cafeteria kitchens of foreign invested enterprises in Hung Yen Province, 2018. The results showed that the rates of leaf vegetables, root vegetables, fruits, and seafood purchased from approvedsuppliers with certificates of food safety eligibility were of 2.3%, 2.9%, 2.4%, and 3.6%, respectively. There were 11.1% of vegetable and fruit supplier shaving certificates of satisfaction of food safety conditions or other equivalent certificates. Only one seafood supplier has been granted a certificate of food safety eligibility. Most of the remaining seafood was purchased from small farms that have not been approved. It is necessary to develop the models of producing, preliminary processing, processing, and trading of food and food materials in the province in a safe direction such as Vietnamese Good Agricultural Practices (VietGAP) in order to satisfy the local food demand.
Đánh giá một số chỉ tiêu vi sinh vật trong thức ăn đường phố ở phường An Cựu, thành phố Huế
Authors: Phạm Thị Ngọc Lan , Ngô Thị Bảo Châu , Trần Thị Hoàng Anh ,   Trường Đại học Khoa học, Đại học Huế,   Trường Đại học Khoa học, Đại học Huế,   Trung tâm công nghệ Sinh học Đà Nẵng
Published: January 2021

Đã khảo sát tình hình vệ sinh an toàn thực phẩm của 116 mẫu cơm hến và bún hến ở phường An Cựu, thành phố Huế. Tỷ lệ mẫu đạt về các chỉ tiêu tổng số vi sinh vật hiếu khí, tổng nấm men, nấm mốc của cơm hến khô lần lượt là 0,9% và 5,1%, đối với cơm hến nước, lần lượt là 1,7% và 4,3%; ở bún hến, lần lượt là 2,6% và 3,4%. Trong 116 mẫu khảo sát đều không có mẫu đạt yêu cầu của Bộ Y tế về chỉ tiêu Coliforms. Đồng thời không phát hiện có sự lây nhiễm vi khuẩn Clostridium ở tất cả 116 mẫu được khảo sát. Bên cạnh đó, số lượng vi sinh vật có sự biến động theo mùa, nhiều nhất là mùa hè (tháng 4 và 5), tiếp theo là mùa xuân (tháng 2 và 3).
Food-safety knowledge, attitudes and practices of street-vended food sellers in the city of Kontum, 2018
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thu Giang , Le Tri Khai , Hoang Chi Trung , Luu Quoc Toan , Hoang Minh Tri ,   Food Administration of KonTum Province,   Health Department of KonTum Province,   Food Administration of KonTum Province,   Ha Noi University of Public Health,   Food Administration of KonTum Province
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices on food-safety of street-vended food sellers in the city of Kon Tum (2018) in order to provide scientific evidence as a basis for deverloping plan to ensure food safety of street food and to protect consumers’ health. Subjects of the study were 160 sellers in 160 street-food vendors. The cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2017 to June 2018. Information was collected through direct interviews and observations. The results showed that: The rate of street-vended food sellers who have (1) good knowledge on food-safety was of 64.4 %, (2) positive attitude was of 45.6 %, and (3) right practices was of 33.1 %. The factors affecting food-safety knowledge were the supervision and inspection of local authorities, and the reaction of sellers (P < 0.05). The factors related to food-safety attitudes were food-safety inspection activities, and food-safety knowledge of the sellers (P < 0.05). The factors affecting food-safety practices were the supervision and inspection of local authorities, and food-safety knowledge of the sellers (P < 0.05).
Acesulfame K in alcohol-free beverages in Binh Duong in 2018 and the declaration of Acesulfame K content on labels
Authors: Nguyen Van Dat , Tran Minh Hoang , Nguyen Thi Thanh Tuyen , Nguyen Thanh Truc ,   Binh Duong Provincial Department of Food Safety and Hygiene,   Binh Duong Provincial Department of Food Safety and Hygiene,   Binh Duong Provincial Department of Food Safety and Hygiene,   Binh Duong Provincial Department of Food Safety and Hygiene
Published: January 2021

Background: Acesulfame-K (ACK) is one of the artificial sweeters in modern diet with low calories content. However, toxicity data of ACK has not yet been studied adequately. The overuse of ACK in food manufacturing is considered a long-term issue for comsumers’ health. Objectives: The aim is to determine ACK contents in alcohol-free beverages and the percentage of enterprises that comply with the ACK declaration on labels of the products sold in Binh Duong province in 2018. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 58 alcohol-free beverage samples with different brands sold in Binh Duong Province from July to October of 2018. Results: The prevalence of alcohol-free beverages containing ACK, which were for sale in Binh Duong Province, was 50 %. The ACK contents varied from 11.85 to 481.7 mg/L with the average of 175.23 ± 113.35 mg/L. The highest average ACK content was found in aroma beverages (208.24 ± 127.89 mg/L) and the lowest one was detected in fruit juices (99.03 ± 92.78 mg/L). There were 65.5% of products containing ACK, nonetheless, ACK was not declared onthe label to consumers and regulatory agencies.
Application of ultra performance liquid chromatography- triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) for the determination of antibiotic residues in meat and fish
Authors: Nguyen Van Chinh , Dang Mai Tuyet Trang , Doan Thi Truc Kha , Cao Thi Quynh Mai , Le Van Thien , Bui Huy Hoang , Lam Van Tu ,   Regional Animal Health Office No.6,   Regional Animal Health Office No.6,   Regional Animal Health Office No.6,   Regional Animal Health Office No.6,   Regional Animal Health Office No.6,   Regional Animal Health Office No.6,   Regional Animal Health Office No.6
Published: January 2021

The residue of antibiotics in meat and meat products is one of the social problems for its effects and risks to human health, especially in the antibiotic resistance crisis. Nowadays, there are hundreds of drugs commercially available, with difference biochemical characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to determine and monitor these residues in meat and meat products. The methods using liquid chromatography (LC) and ELISA are widely applied in numbers of laboratories to determine specified substances. In several laboratories, the state-of-the-art highresolution analytical technique, using Ultra Performance Liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS), is applied to analyse the knowns and unknowns residues in food. In this study, we used this technique for screening the residue of antibiotics, banned substances (Sulfonamids, Quinolones, Tetracyclines, β-Agonists…) and other toxins in pork, chicken, beef and fish samples. Ninety-three randomly collected samples have been screened and residues of Amoxicillin, Cefalexin and Ampicillin have been detected in three of them.
A MODIFIED C-DUMP CONVERTER FOR PMSM MACHINE USED IN A FLYWHEEL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
Authors: GOPI K. , RAMAKRISHNA E. , ACHARI K. NARASIMHAIAH , KISHORE G.
Published: January 2021

This paper presents a modified C-dump converter for permanent magnetic synchronous (PMSM) machine used in the flywheel energy storage system. The converter can realize the energy bidirectional flowing and has the capability to recover the energy extracted from the turnoff phase of the PMSM machine. The principle of operation, modeling, and control strategy of the system has been investigated in the paper. Simulation and experimental results of the proposed system are also presented and discussed.
DESIGN OF AN ERROR DETECTION AND DATA RECOVERY ARCHITECTURE FOR MOTION ESTIMATION TESTING APPLICATIONS
Authors: SWARNALATHA V. , RAO K. SRINIVASA
Published: January 2021

Motion estimation (ME) in a video coding system is the critical role, so testing such a module is of priority concern. While focusing on the testing of ME in a video coding system, this work presents an error detection and data recovery (EDDR) design based on residue -and- quotient (RQ) code. An error in processing elements (PEs) can be detected and recovered effectively by using the proposed EDDR design. Importantly, the proposed EDDR design performs satisfactorily in terms of throughput and reliability for motion estimation (ME) testing applications.
SINGLE STAGE LOW FREQUENCY ELECTRONIC BALLAST FOR HID LAMPS
Authors: TOLANUR SUMAN , MURTHY S.N KESHAVA
Published: January 2021

The paper presents a single-stage high-power-factor electronic ballast for metal halide lamps. The proposed ballast integrates a buck-boost converter, a buck converter and a full-bridge inverter into a single power conversion circuit. The buck-boost converter served as a power factor corrector (PFC) is designed to operate at discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) to achieve nearly a unity power factor at the input line. By adjusting the duty-ratio of the active switches of the PFC, the lamp power is remained at rated value for universal input voltage ranged from 90 Vrms to 264 Vrms. The four active switches of the full-bridge inverter, an inductor and a capacitor form a bidirectional buck converter which supplies a low frequency square-wave currentfor the lamp at to avoid the lamp from happing acoustic resonance. The circuit operation is analyzed in detail to derive the design equations. A prototype electronic ballast for a 70 W metal halide lamp is built and tested.
POOL BOILING OF WATER OVER A STAINLESS STEEL FLAT PLATE HEATER
Authors: MANIKANDAPRABU B. , MOHANKUMAR S. , KATHIRAVAN R.
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this experiment is to study heat transfer characteristics of water through pool boiling over a flat stainless steel plate heater. The present experimental data of water is in good agreement with Stephen and Abdelsalam correlation (1980) with the given heat flux range 30-750 kW/m2. Without any modification in the Stephen and Abdelsalam correlation (1980), it is observed that the experimental data of water are within an error band of ± 20 percent, this is because of the Stephen and Abdelsalam correlation (1980) predicts their own data in an error band of 11.3 percent. In order to minimize the error band, the pool boiling experimental data of water have been analyzed by regression analysis using Stephen and Abdelsalam correlation (1980) and the powers and coefficient of the terms in the correlation are modified and the optimum values of the power index and coefficient which gives the minimum error band of ± 10 is obtained.
A COMPARISON OF MULTI-LOOP PI/PID CONTROLLER DESIGN WITH REDUCTION AND WITHOUT REDUCTION TECHNIQUE
Authors: JAYACHANDRA P. , MAGHADE DILIP. K.
Published: January 2021

Proportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) controller are most widely used controller in chemical process industries because of their simplicity, robustness and successful practical application. Many methods have been proposed for design of Multi-loop PI/PID controller for Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) process. In this paper we have compared two methods for two by two processes with time delays. One is model order reduction and other is without reduction. Performance index and robustness has been used as the criterion for comparison. Several commonly used simulation examples are included for demonstrating effectiveness of the proposed methods and the results obtained are comparatively same.
3D MODELLING AND DESIGNING OF DEXTO:EKA:
Authors: KUMRA SULABH , MEHTA SHILPA , RAHEJA SHALIJA
Published: January 2021

The presented paper is concerned with designing of a low-cost, easy to use, intuitive interface for the control of a slave anthropomorphic teleo- operated robot. Tele-operator “masters”, that operate in real-time with the robot, have ranged from simple motion capture devices, to more complex force reflective exoskeletal masters. Our general design approach has been to begin with the definition of desired objective behaviours, rather than the use of available components with their predefined technical specifications. With the technical specifications of the components necessary to achieve the desired behaviours defined, the components are either acquired, or in most cases, developed and built. The control system, which includes the operation of feedback approaches, acting in collaboration with physical machinery, is then defined and implemented.
HI-TECH ENERGY METER WITH AUTOMATIC LOAD CONTROL
Authors: GANGULY ARNAB , SATHEYAMOORTHY DR. K.P
Published: January 2021

Now a day’s automation is in every field, although there are many places automation has been emerged and successfully implemented but still the service provider for energy still uses conventional methods for getting the energy consumed by individual customer. This method is very time consuming and un- economical and may lead to human error. Our proposed system (AMR) will automatically send the data of the digital energy meter to the service provider with the help the help of the GSM modem once in a day and hence the system will report the service provider once in a through SMS. The same system can be used to check the last reading consumed by the consumer, when demanded by user through the same GSM modem .The device can also be used to control the load from both the ends that is (user –service provider) with the help of relay circuit and system will also be provided with an LCD display which will update the consumers with different information’s regarding tariff change or sudden power cut .
CBIR SYSTEM USING COLOR HISTOGRAM AND WAVELET TRANSFORM FOR BLOOD CELLS IMAGES
Authors: Rubina C. , Dasu S.
Published: January 2021

The research in Content-based image retrieval is developing rapidly. It benefits many other fields, in particular the medical field as the need of having a better way of managing andretrieving digital images has increased.The aim of the thesis is to investigate performance of descriptors of blood cell image retrieval. In this process traditional wavelet based and global color histogram is investigated. The prototype system allows user to search by providing a query image and selecting one of four implemented methods. Research goal is enhancing current content-based image retrieval techniques. Results were obtained by experimenting to this proposed method is able to perform clinically relevant queries on image databases without user supervision.
QualityAdaptive sharpness enhancement and noise removal of a colour images based on the bilateral filtering
Authors: Durgarchana V. , Praveen B. , Sridhar B.
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we present the Adaptive Bilateral Filter (ABF) for sharpness enhancement and noise removal of a colour images. The ABF sharpens an image by increasing the slope of the edges without producing overshoot or undershoot. It is an approach to sharpness enhancement that is fundamentally different from the unsharp mask (USM). This new approach to slope restoration also differs significantly from previous slope restoration algorithms. Compared with an USM based sharpening method, the optimal unsharp mask (OUM), In terms of noise removal, ABF will outperform the bilateral filter and the OUM. ABF works well for both gray images and color images. Due to operation of sharpening of colour images along the edge slope tend to poseterize the image using ABF by pulling up or pulling down the colour images. The proposed method is effective at removing signal noise while enhancing the experimental results in perceptual quality both quantatively and qualitatively.
CONSTANT TIME SCANNING AND BETTER EDGE PRESERVATION FOR BETTER PERFORMING AND QUALITY OF MEDIAN FILTER
Authors: SHARMA RITWIK , HARNAL SHUBHAM
Published: January 2021

The median filter is an important filter in many image processing algorithms and especially in removal of salt and pepper noise. Traditional median filters either focus on improving the performance or the quality of the median filtering. Generally, the methods which optimize performance do so at the cost of quality and vice-versa. In this paper a novel approach to median filtering is presented providing both better performance and quality without sacrificing either. The analysis is presented with respect to image processing and the results obtained are presented in tabular form.
Teoria Constitucional das Empresas Estatais – 1ª. Parte
Authors: Martins Ricardo Marcondes
Published: January 2021

Neste estudo examinou-se a controvérsia sobre a constitucionalidade da Lei 13.303/16, denominada “Estatuto das Empresas Estatais”. Concluiu-se, de início, que o ponto de partida dessa controvérsia está na própria compreensão do estudo do Direito como um estudo técnico ou científico. Após, conclui-se que a correta compreensão das empresas estatais prepõe a ênfase sobre o aspecto estatal e não sobre o aspecto empresarial. A compreensão do regime jurídico das empresas estatais passou por três fases: submissão ao direito privado; submissão ao direito público e ao direito privado com dicotomia de regimes; unificação de regimes. Propôs-se o ingresso numa quarta fase: a forma de empresa estatal só é válida para as exploradoras de atividade econômica. As demais são contrafações de autarquia.
Rehabilitador de tobillo mediante identificación de señales electromiográficas clasificadas con Redes Neuronales
Authors: Vera Narvaez Elias Ivan , Marin Quevedo Luis Fernando , Duran Olivares Xiomara Marina
Published: January 2021

La investigación tuvo como propósito el diseño de un prototipo para recuperar la movilidad de los músculos alrededor del área que involucra el tobillo, metodológicamente fue de tipo cuantitativa con un diseño cuasi-experimental. El objetivo fue implementar el soporte mecánico y crear patrones de reconocimiento que puedan identificar la actividad muscular en los movimientos fundamentales de recuperación haciendo uso de redes neuronales artificiales (RNA), se dirigió a personas con lesión en el tobillo, las mismas que fueron parte de una rehabilitación activa en edades de entre 15 y 30 años, con un IMC máximo de 26. Se desarrolló un entrenamiento progresivo de una RNA, a partir de impulsos eléctricos generados por actividad muscular, utilizando un equipo de sensores electromiográficos. Para respaldar la información de las señales presentes en el proceso de recuperación se usó patrones de movimiento en una arquitectura de identificación basado en RNA (red Madeline multicapa de tres salidas con realimentación), dentro de un interfaz de control gráfica que facilitó la visualización de los movimientos y el resultado del control neuronal, con una banda de histéresis de 0.15 - 5 % de error de identificación de los movimientos: eversión, dorsiflexión e inversión.
Georgia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Published: January 2021

Georgia’s performance under the Extended Arrangement has been positive, but the country is now facing a pronounced economic slowdown. Domestic and external demand remain weak, and service sector activity remains sluggish. Staff projects the economy to shrink by 5.1 percent this year followed by a gradual recovery.
Ecuador
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Published: January 2021

On September 30, 2020, the IMF Executive Board approved a 27-month arrangement under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) with exceptional access (SDR 4,615 million, 661 percent of quota, about $6.5 billion) to help Ecuador restore macroeconomic stability and pursue the unfinished structural agenda from the previous program. High frequency indicators point to improvements in economic activity after bottoming out in Q2, while oil prices have been declining relative to earlier assumptions, leaving the macroeconomic outlook broadly unchanged over the medium term.
Quantitative Determination of Aloin in Aloe vera and Its Antioxidant Activity
Authors:   The Himalaya Drug Company, Sahranpur Road Dehradun, UK, India, Lata Chhimwal Suman
Published: January 2021

Aloe vera is a popular medicinal plant used widely by the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food industries. The Aloe vera gel, which is used mostly for its positive effects on human health,contains over 75 different bioactive compounds, including aloin. A sensitive and reliable densitometric High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography method has been developed for the quantification of aloin, an anthraquinone present in Aloe vera leaves. Chromatographic analysis was performed using methanol extract of leaves of Aloe vera using solvent system ethyl acetate: Methanol: water (100:13.5:10). Detection and quantification of aloin was done by densitometric scanning at 350nm. The results of linearity range and correlation coefficient show that there was a good correlation between peak area and corresponding concentration of aloin. The method developed here in can be implemented in the analysis and routine quality control of herbal materials. Antioxidant activity of Aloe vera was also done by using DPPH method and found that Aloe vera is also a natural antioxidant.
Maskenball auf der Skipiste
Authors: Reckter Bettina
Published: January 2021

Wintersport: Abstandsregeln und Maskenpflicht beeinflussen natürlich auch die diesjährige Wintersaison. Dennoch hofft die Branche, dass Skisport auf und abseits der Piste irgendwie möglich sein wird. Wir stellen einige Neuheiten vor, die den ISPO-Award 2020 gewonnen haben. Von Bettina Reckter
Assessment of Therapeutic Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Doxorubicin- Induced Skeletal Myopathy: A histological and Immunological Experimental Study
Authors: H. Bayoumi Ahmed , El Zainy Ahmed , M. Badr Amul , Fawzy Dina , A. Elshimy Amal
Published: January 2021

Background: Doxorubicin is an effective chemotherapeutic drug that commonly induce pathological alteration in skeletal muscles. Bone- marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) offer a therapeutic potential for tissue repair and regeneration. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) display worthy biomarkers for tissue damage and repair. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of BMMSCs on doxorubicin - induced skeletal myopathy in experimental animals, through histological studies, antioxidant activity and investigation of TNF-α, IL-1β as diagnostic parameters for muscle damage and regeneration. Methodology: 40 adult albino-rats were divided into 4 equal groups; Group-I (control group) injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), Group-II: doxorubicin- induced myopathy model group; received no treatment, Group-III: doxorubicin- induced myopathy model left for spontaneous muscle recovery, and Group-IV: doxorubicin- induced myopathy treated with systemic BMMSCs. The skeletal muscle regeneration evaluated through histological and antioxidant activity studies and investigation of TNF-α, IL-1β and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. Results: Photomicrographic studies of the muscle fibers showed a more evident regeneration in MSCs treated groups (IV) when compared with the other groups received no treatment. A significant reduced levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and increased both VEGF and antioxidant activity were demonstrated in group IV when compared with the other groups received no treatment. Conclusion: MSCs is a promising therapy for doxorubicin-induced skeletal myopathy. TNF-α, and IL-1β are helpful biomarkers for evaluation of SCs therapeutic efficacy.
Prevalence of HPV 16 and HPV 18 in cervical cancer in Minia Governorate
Authors: S. Mohammed Mohammed , S. Sand Ahmed , A. Hassuna Noha
Published: January 2021

Background: Human Papilloma virus (HPV) have a critical role in cervical cancer especially type 16 and 18 and great efforts were done to determine the role of HPV in cervical cancer. Objective: The objective of this work is evaluation of the prevalence of cervical cancer and determination of the role of HPV in cervical cancer, in Minia Governorate. Methodology: Colposcopic-directed biopsy was done for one hundred females by colposcopist. One hundred women were included in this study for detection of HPV infection by histopathology, real time PCR and sequencing. One hundred biopsies were subjected to analysis for detection of HPV types 16 and 18 by histopathology, real time PCR and sequencing. Results and conclusion: Our histopathological results revealed that 15% of samples were positive for HPV and by HPV DNA real time PCR, 14% were positive. Our study reported that the infection was single in 9% and mixed in 5% and HPV type 16 was higher than type 18. The age range across the sample was 18–55 years with a median age of 35 years. The women patients with subtype 18 had the highest median age. Contraceptive usage had a statistically significant difference especially using OC.
Diagnosis and Management of Dysentery in Children Attending
National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute
Authors: H. Abbas Azza , A. El Shahat El Shahat , S. Hassanin Fetouh , M. Abdelglil Heba
Published: January 2021

Background: Dysentery is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among children especially in developing countries, several enteric pathogens are responsible. Diagnosis is made by taking personal history, clinical and laboratory examinations. Management is maintained by using rehydration therapy, ant parasitic, antiviral and antimicrobial therapy. Objective: The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of enteric pathogens causing dysentery in children and risk factors. Methodology: Stool samples were collected from children with dysentery, samples were examined by direct smear, formalin ether, modified ZN, copro antigens, culture /sensitivity and Rota virus antigen tests. Results: Pathogens were isolated from 77.8% samples with higher rate of parasites 35.6% than bacteria 21.7% or Rota virus 3.9%. Most common parasite was G. lamblia (22.2%). E.coli was the most frequent bacterial pathogens (42.0%). watery diarrhea was higher in children > 5 years old (20.7%) than children <5 years old (17.4%) specially in parasitic cases (25.7%), hepatomegaly was (7.2% ) in > 5 years old , parasites and Rota virus were higher in boys (40.9%, 5.7%) than in girls (30.4%, 2.2%) while bacterial was higher in girls (28.3%) than in boys (14.9%) respectively. All sociodemographic data was insignificantly different except for insanitary water supply. Conclusion: This study provides update information about the prevalence of the enteric causative agents in children dysentery. We recommended awareness about prevention, improvement hygiene status and proper medications to reduce the disease. More strategies about risk factors are needed to develop recent controlling methods.
Study of Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance of the Most Common Bacterial Species Causing Aerobic Vaginitis
Authors: G. Mostafa Rasha , Μ. Elkholy Reem , T. Elfakhrany Amany , H. Elkhalsh Safa , H. Elkhyat Amira
Published: January 2021

Background: Vaginitis is one of the most common causes of women's visits to a family physician and gynecologist. If untreated it may lead to serious complications. Objectives: To detect the prevalence of aerobic vaginitis among women of reproductive age attending at Family Medicine and Gynecology Clinics in Menoufia University Hospital, Egypt and determine the most common bacterial isolate and its virulence profile in both pregnant and non- pregnant women. Methodology: High vaginal swabs were obtained from 350 women (200 pregnant and 150 non pregnant) who visited Family Medicine and Gynecology Clinics in Menoufia University Hospital during the study period and suspected of having vaginitis. Identification of isolated micro-organisms was done by standard microbiological methods. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the most common aerobic bacterial species isolated from vaginal samples were performed. Also, 15 fecal E. coli strains were isolated from healthy women. The prevalence of Virulence genes fim H, iucC, hly F, papC, afa, ibe A and cnf among Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates was examined by multiplex PCR. Results: The prevalence of aerobic vaginitis was 43% in pregnant women and 26% in non-pregnant women. E. coli was the most common isolated aerobic bacterial spp. Antibiotic resistance of E. coli isolated from non-pregnant women was higher than those isolated from pregnant women with a highly statistically significant difference. Higher rate of virulence genes was detected among E.coli isolated from pregnant women when compared with those isolated from non-pregnant women with a highly statistically significant difference (P<0.001). Comparing virulence factors of total vaginal E. coli isolates (50) with fecal E. coli isolates (15), the vaginal E. coli strains harbored higher percentage of virulence genes than did fecal E. coli strains with a highly statistically significant difference (P<0.001). Conclusions: Escherichia coli from pregnant women with aerobic vaginitis is more virulent than those from non-pregnant women, thereby increasing possible maternal and neonatal complications.
Effect of MCP-1 and CCR2 Genes Polymorphism on Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in HCV- Infected Patients in Sohag Governorate, Egypt
Authors: Nasr El-Din Asmaa , M. Galal Ghada , Abudeif Ahmed , S. Hashem Marwa , Sheneef Abeer
Published: January 2021

Background: HCC is the most common primary tumor of the liver .It is the fifth common cancer in men and the eighth common in women and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. The MCP-1 is a chemokine and a potent chemotactic factor for monocytes. MCP-1 expression in tumor cells is significantly linked to the extent of tumor-associated macrophage infiltration. Objectives: to detect the effect of MCP-1 and CCR2 Genes Polymorphism in development of HCC in HCV- related liver cirrhosis patients. Methodology: MCP-1-2518 A/G and CCR2 (V64Ile) genes polymorphism was assessed by real time PCR in 35 HCC patients and 30 HCV related LC. Serum MCP-1 was measured by ELISA. Results: For MCP-1 -2518 A G gene, HCC patients had a higher frequency of AG and GG genotypes than of AA genotype compared to other groups. For CCR2 (V64Ile), HCC patients had a higher frequency of GA and AA genotypes than GG genotype compared to other groups. Conclusion: There is a significant association between CCR2 (V64Ile) polymorphism, high serum MCP-1 level and HCC development in HCV- related liver cirrhosis patients.
Molecular Identification of Species-Specific Adenovirus Causing Respiratory Tract Infections in Pediatric Patients at Benha University Hospital
Authors: M. Matta Amal , M. Desouky Somaya , R. Abdel-Glil Reem , S. Azab Marwa
Published: January 2021

Background: Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) are a major threat in children all around the world. Adenovirus is one of the most important pathogens causing respiratory tract infections in children. Adenovirus (AdV) respiratory tract infections is caused mainly by species B, C and E. Accurate and rapid identification of AdV respiratory tract infection is important to avoid unnecessary antibiotic prescription and prevents AdV-related outbreaks. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the most prevalent species of adenovirus causing ARTI in pediatric patients hospitalized at Benha University Hospital which were diagnosed by tissue culture and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test and compare them with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a gold standard method. Methodology: This study was conducted on 60 pediatric patients suffering from ARTI admitted to Benha University Hospitals. Adenovirus was detected by DIF test and isolated by tissue culture. Molecular identification of species- specific adenovirus was done by PCR. Results: Out of 60 cases, 35% were Adenovirus positive by PCR. AdV-B was the most prevalent identified species (76.2%) followed by AdV-C (19.0%) and AdV-E (4.8%). The sensitivity and the specificity of tissue culture and DIF test were 90.5%, 100%, 61.9%, 97.4%, respectively. Conclusion: AdV was encountered in one-third of admitted pediatric Egyptian patients with ARTI in Benha University Hospital. PCR was useful for rapid diagnosis of adenovirus infections with higher sensitivity than other methods.
Vanguardismo a 3800 metros: el caso del Boletín Titikaka (Puna 1926-1930)
Authors: Wise David
Published: January 2021

Revisa la publicación Boletín Titikaka que constituye un testimonio del impacto del "arte nuevo" y del de las corrientes "renovadoras", socializantes, indígenistas de la época en un nivel provinciano. Esta publicación da fe no sólo de la existencia de un núcleo provinciano de jóvenes escritores (el llamado "Grupo Orkopata") partidarios tanto del vanguardisino como del indigenismo literarios,  sino también de la existencia de una "red de intercambios" a nivel continental, una red que funcionaba principalmente a base del canje de pubIicaciones periódicas en regiones apartada como Puno.
El procesamiento técnico en las colecciones de música
Authors: Banzhaf de Rieth Dora
Published: January 2021

La creación del Centro de Documentación de la Historia  Peruana, en Abril de 1981, dentro de la Biblioteca Nacional, declarado en septiembre de 1982 Sede Regional para América Latina para los Estudios de Musicología de los siglos XVII y XVIII, ha actualizado la necesidad de publicar, renovado y ampliado, el trabajo que se elaboró en la década del 60 para la Sección de Música del Departamento de Investigaciones bibliográficas de la Biblioteca Nacional.

El gran número de obras de música popular y folklórica que constituyen nuestro acervo musical, aspecto contemplado muy brevemente en las tablas de clasificación ya existentes, nos llevó a efectuar la reforma de la clase 780 de la Clasificación Decimal Dewey, sistema empleado en la Biblioteca Nacional. Este trabajo no se puede dar por concluido, ya que una tabla de clasificaciones no permanece estática sino en permanente evolución.

Considero antecedente del trabajo que presento, el interesante artículo de la Bibliotecaria Sra. Carmen Rosa Tola Schwalbm poyubkluicado en el no 9 de ésta revista bajo el título “Catalogación y clasificación de la música”
Estimating 2010–2015 Anthropogenic and Natural Methane Emissions in Canada using ECCC Surface and GOSAT Satellite Observations
Authors: Baray Sabour , Jacob Daniel J. , Massakkers Joannes D. , Sheng Jian-Xiong , Sulprizio Melissa P. , Jones Dylan B. A. , Bloom A. Anthony , McLaren Robert
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Methane emissions in Canada have both anthropogenic and natural sources. Anthropogenic emissions are estimated to be 4.1 Tg a−1 from 2010–2015 in the Canadian Greenhouse Gas Inventory. Natural emissions, which are mostly due to Boreal wetlands, are the largest methane source in Canada and highly uncertain, on the order of ~20 Tg a−1 in biosphere process models. Top-down constraints on Canadian methane emissions using atmospheric observations have been limited by the sparse coverage of both surface and satellite observations. Aircraft studies over the last several years have provided snapshot emissions that have been conflicting with inventory estimates. Here we use surface data from the Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) in situ network and space borne data from the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) to determine 2010–2015 anthropogenic and natural methane emissions in Canada in a Bayesian inverse modelling framework. We use GEOS-Chem to simulate anthropogenic emissions comparable to the Canadian inventory and wetlands emissions using an ensemble of WetCHARTS v1.0 scenarios in addition to other minor natural sources. We conduct a comparative analysis of the monthly natural emissions and yearly anthropogenic emissions optimized by surface and satellite data independently. Mean 2010–2015 posterior emissions using ECCC surface data are 6.0 ± 0.4 Tg a−1 for total anthropogenic and 10.5 ± 1.9 Tg a−1 for total natural emissions, where the error intervals represent the 1-σ spread in yearly posterior results. These results agree with our posterior using GOSAT data of 6.5 ± 0.7 Tg a−1 for total anthropogenic and 11.7 ± 1.2 Tg a−1 for total natural emissions. The seasonal pattern of posterior natural emissions using either dataset shows slower to start emissions in the spring and a less intense peak in the summer compared to the mean of WetCHARTS scenarios. We combine ECCC and GOSAT data to evaluate capabilities for sectoral and provincial level inversions and identify limitations. We estimate Energy + Agriculture emissions to be 5.1 ± 1.0 Tg a−1 which is 59 % higher than the National GHG Inventory. We attribute 39 % higher anthropogenic emissions to Western Canada than the prior. Natural emissions are lower across Canada with large downscaling in the Hudson Bay Lowlands. Inversion results are verified against independent aircraft data in Saskatchewan and surface data in Quebec which show better agreement with posterior emissions. This study shows a readjustment of the Canadian methane budget is necessary to better match atmospheric observations with higher anthropogenic emissions partially offset by lower natural emissions.
XCO2 estimates from the OCO-2 measurements using a neural network approach
Authors: David Leslie , Bréon François-Marie , Chevallier Frédéric
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO-2) instrument measures high-resolution spectra of
the sun's radiance reflected at the earth's surface or scattered in the
atmosphere. These spectra are used to estimate the column-averaged dry air mole fraction of CO2 (XCO2) and the surface pressure. The official retrieval
algorithm (NASA's Atmospheric CO2 Observations from Space retrievals, ACOS)
is a full-physics algorithm and has been extensively evaluated. Here we propose an alternative
approach based on an artificial neural network (NN) technique. For
training and evaluation, we use as reference estimates (i) the surface
pressures from a numerical weather model and (ii) the XCO2 derived from an
atmospheric transport simulation constrained by surface air-sample
measurements of CO2. The NN is trained here using real measurements acquired
in nadir mode on cloud-free scenes during even-numbered months and is then evaluated against similar observations during odd-numbered months. The evaluation indicates that
the NN retrieves the surface pressure with a root-mean-square error better
than 3 hPa and XCO2 with a 1σ precision of 0.8 ppm. The statistics
indicate that the NN trained with a representative set of
data allows excellent accuracy that is slightly better than that of the full-physics algorithm. An evaluation against reference spectrophotometer XCO2
retrievals indicates similar accuracy for the NN and ACOS estimates, with a
skill that varies among the various stations. The NN–model differences show
spatiotemporal structures that indicate a potential for improving our
knowledge of CO2 fluxes. We finally discuss the pros and cons of using this
NN approach for the processing of the data from OCO-2 or other space
missions.
An in situ gas chromatograph with automatic detector switching between PTR- and EI-TOF-MS: isomer-resolved measurements of indoor air
Authors: Claflin Megan S. , Pagonis Demetrios , Finewax Zachary , Handschy Anne V. , Day Douglas A. , Brown Wyatt L. , Jayne John T. , Worsnop Douglas R. , Jimenez Jose L. , Ziemann Paul J. , de Gouw Joost , Lerner Brian M.
Published: January 2021

Abstract. We have developed a field-deployable gas chromatograph (GC) with
thermal desorption preconcentration (TDPC), which is demonstrated here with
automatic detector switching between two high-resolution time-of-flight mass
spectrometers (TOF-MSs) for in situ measurements of volatile organic
compounds (VOCs). This system provides many analytical advances, including
acquisition of fast time–response data in tandem with molecular speciation
and two types of mass spectral information for each resolved GC peak:
molecular ion identification from Vocus proton transfer reaction (PTR)
TOF-MS and fragmentation pattern from electron ionization (EI) TOF-MS
detection. This system was deployed during the 2018 ATHLETIC campaign at the
University of Colorado Dal Ward Athletic Center in Boulder, Colorado, where
it was used to characterize VOC emissions in the indoor environment. The
addition of the TDPC-GC increased the Vocus sensitivity by a factor of 50
due to preconcentration over a 6 min GC sample time versus direct air
sampling with the Vocus, which was operated with a time resolution of 1 Hz.
The GC-TOF methods demonstrated average limits of detection of 1.6 ppt
across a range of monoterpenes and aromatics. Here, we describe the method
to use the two-detector system to conclusively identify a range of VOCs
including hydrocarbons, oxygenates, and halocarbons, along with detailed
results including the quantification of anthropogenic monoterpenes, where
limonene accounted for 47 %–80 % of the indoor monoterpene composition.
We also report the detection of dimethylsilanediol (DMSD), an organosiloxane
degradation product, which was observed with dynamic temporal behavior
distinct from volatile organosiloxanes (e.g., decamethylcyclopentasiloxane,
D5 siloxane). Our results suggest DMSD is produced from humidity-dependent
heterogeneous reactions occurring on surfaces in the indoor environment,
rather than formed through gas-phase oxidation of volatile siloxanes.
Improving the representation of high-latitude vegetation distribution in dynamic global vegetation models
Authors: Horvath Peter , Tang Hui , Halvorsen Rune , Stordal Frode , Tallaksen Lena Merete , Berntsen Terje Koren , Bryn Anders
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Vegetation is an important component in global ecosystems, affecting the
physical, hydrological and biogeochemical properties of the land
surface. Accordingly, the way vegetation is parameterized strongly influences
predictions of future climate by Earth system models. To capture future
spatial and temporal changes in vegetation cover and its feedbacks to the
climate system, dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) are included as
important components of land surface models. Variation in the predicted
vegetation cover from DGVMs therefore has large impacts on modelled radiative
and non-radiative properties, especially over high-latitude regions. DGVMs are
mostly evaluated by remotely sensed products and less often by other vegetation
products or by in situ field observations. In this study, we evaluate the
performance of three methods for spatial representation of present-day
vegetation cover with respect to prediction of plant functional type (PFT)
profiles – one based upon distribution models (DMs), one that uses a remote
sensing (RS) dataset and a DGVM (CLM4.5BGCDV; Community Land Model 4.5 Bio-Geo-Chemical cycles and Dynamical Vegetation). While DGVMs predict PFT
profiles based on physiological and ecological processes, a DM relies on
statistical correlations between a set of predictors and the modelled target,
and the RS dataset is based on classification of spectral reflectance patterns
of satellite images. PFT profiles obtained from an independently collected
field-based vegetation dataset from Norway were used for the evaluation. We
found that RS-based PFT profiles matched the reference dataset best, closely
followed by DM, whereas predictions from DGVMs often deviated strongly from the
reference. DGVM predictions overestimated the area covered by boreal
needleleaf evergreen trees and bare ground at the expense of boreal broadleaf
deciduous trees and shrubs. Based on environmental predictors identified by DM
as important, three new environmental variables (e.g. minimum temperature in
May, snow water equivalent in October and precipitation seasonality) were
selected as the threshold for the establishment of these high-latitude
PFTs. We performed a series of sensitivity experiments to investigate if these
thresholds improve the performance of the DGVM method. Based on our results, we
suggest implementation of one of these novel PFT-specific thresholds (i.e.
precipitation seasonality) in the DGVM method. The results highlight the potential of
using PFT-specific thresholds obtained by DM in development of DGVMs in
broader regions. Also, we emphasize the potential of establishing DMs as a
reliable method for providing PFT distributions for evaluation of DGVMs
alongside RS.