bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of iterative learning based signal control strategies on macroscopic fundamental diagrams of urban road networks
Authors: Yan Fei , Tian Fuli , Shi Zhongke
Published: September 2015

Urban traffic flows are inherently repeated on a daily or weekly basis. This repeatability can help improve the traffic conditions if it is used properly by the control system. In this paper, we propose a novel iterative learning control (ILC) strategy for traffic signals of urban road networks using the repeatability feature of traffic flow. To improve the control robustness, the ILC strategy is further integrated with an error feedback control law in a complementary manner. Theoretical analysis indicates that the ILC-based traffic signal control methods can guarantee the asymptotic learning convergence, despite the presence of modeling uncertainties and exogenous disturbances. Finally, the impacts of the ILC-based signal control strategies on the network macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) are examined. The results show that the proposed ILC-based control strategies can homogenously distribute the network accumulation by controlling the vehicle numbers in each link to the desired levels under different traffic demands, which can result in the network with high capacity and mobility.
Bifurcation Analysis of a Diffusive Activator–Inhibitor Model in Vascular Mesenchymal Cells
Authors: Yang Rui , Song Yongli
Published: September 2015

In this paper, a diffusive activator–inhibitor model in vascular mesenchymal cells is considered. On one hand, we investigate the stability of the equilibria of the system without diffusion. On the other hand, for the unique positive equilibrium of the system with diffusion the conditions ensuring stability, existence of Hopf and steady state bifurcations are given. By applying the center manifold and normal form theory, the normal forms corresponding to Hopf bifurcation and steady state bifurcation are derived explicitly. Numerical simulations are employed to illustrate where the spatially homogeneous and nonhomogeneous periodic solutions and the steady states can emerge. The numerical results verify the obtained theoretical conclusions.
Family of Smale–Williams Solenoid Attractors as Solutions of Differential Equations: Exact Formula and Conjugacy
Authors: Chen Yi-Chiuan , Lin Wei-Ting
Published: September 2015

We show that the family of the Smale–Williams solenoid attractors parameterized by its contraction rate can be characterized as solutions of a set of differential equations. The exact formula describing the attractor can be obtained by solving the differential equations subject to explicitly given initial conditions. Using the formula, we present in this note a simple and explicit proof of the result that the dynamics on the solenoid is topologically conjugate to the shift on the inverse limit space of the expanding map t ↦ mt mod 1 for some integer m ≥ 2 and to a suspension over the adding machine.
Geometric and homological considerations of local crossings of n-foams
Authors: Carter J. Scott
Published: September 2015

Foams in all dimensions are defined by being modeled on a dual structure found in an [Formula: see text]-dimensional simplex. Their crossings are studied from geometric and homological points of view. A process of defining invariants thereof is outlined. Interesting research level problems are proposed. From considerations of foams, a partial order on certain families of forests is given via Hasse diagrams.
The temperature/entropy connection for horizons, massless particle scattering, and the origin of locality
Authors: Banks Tom
Published: September 2015

I explain, in nontechnical terms, the basic ideas of holographic spacetime (HST) models of quantum gravity (QG). The key feature is that the degrees of freedom (DOF) of QG, localized in a finite causal diamond are restrictions of an algebra of asymptotic currents, describing flows of quantum numbers out to null infinity in Minkowski space, with zero energy density on the sphere at infinity. Finite energy density states are constrained states of these DOF and the resulting relation between asymptotic energy and the number of constraints, explains the relation between black hole entropy and energy, as well as the critical energy/impact parameter regime in which particle scattering leads to black hole formation. The results of a general class of models, implementing these principles, are described, and applied to understand the firewall paradox, and to construct a finite model of the early universe, which implements inflation with only the minimal fine-tuning needed to obtain a universe containing localized excitations more complex than large black holes.
FRACTAL DIMENSION OF SPIN-GLASSES INTERFACES IN DIMENSION d = 2 AND d = 3 VIA STRONG DISORDER RENORMALIZATION AT ZERO TEMPERATURE
Authors: MONTHUS CÉCILE
Published: September 2015

For Gaussian Spin-Glasses in low dimensions, we introduce a simple Strong Disorder renormalization at zero temperature in order to construct ground states for Periodic and Anti-Periodic boundary conditions. The numerical study in dimensions [Formula: see text] (up to sizes [Formula: see text]) and [Formula: see text] (up to sizes [Formula: see text]) yields that Domain Walls are fractal of dimensions [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively.
Invariant types in NIP theories
Authors: Simon Pierre
Published: September 2015

We study invariant types in NIP theories. Amongst other things: we prove a definable version of the [Formula: see text]-theorem in theories of small or medium directionality; we construct a canonical retraction from the space of [Formula: see text]-invariant types to that of [Formula: see text]-finitely satisfiable types; we show some amalgamation results for invariant types and list a number of open questions.
Stochastic stability for fiber expanding maps via a perturbative spectral approach
Authors: Nakano Yushi
Published: September 2015

We consider small perturbations of expanding maps induced by skew-product mappings whose base dynamics need not be mixing or invertible. Adapting a previously developed perturbative spectral approach, we show stability of the densities of the unique absolutely continuous invariant probability measures for expanding maps under these perturbations, and upper bounds on the rate of exponential decay of fiber correlations associated to the measures as the noise level goes to zero.
Well-posedness and limit behaviors for a stochastic higher order modified Camassa–Holm equation
Authors: Lin Lin , Lv Guangying , Yan Wei
Published: September 2015

This paper is devoted to the Cauchy problem for a stochastic higher order modified-Camassa–Holm equation [Formula: see text] The local existence and uniqueness with initial data [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], is established. The limit behaviors of the solution are examined as [Formula: see text].
Rings whose cyclics are C3-modules
Authors: Ibrahim Yasser , Nguyen Xuan Hau , Yousif Mohamed F. , Zhou Yiqiang
Published: September 2015

It is well known that if every cyclic right module over a ring is injective, then the ring is semisimple artinian. This classical theorem of Osofsky promoted a considerable interest in the rings whose cyclics satisfy a certain generalized injectivity condition, such as being quasi-injective, continuous, quasi-continuous, or [Formula: see text]. Here we carry out a study of the rings whose cyclic modules are [Formula: see text]-modules. The motivation is the observation that a ring [Formula: see text] is semisimple artinian if and only if every [Formula: see text] -generated right [Formula: see text]-module is a [Formula: see text]-module. Many basic properties are obtained for the rings whose cyclics are [Formula: see text]-modules, and some structure theorems are proved. For instance, it is proved that a semiperfect ring has all cyclics [Formula: see text]-modules if and only if it is a direct product of a semisimple artinian ring and finitely many local rings, and that a right self-injective regular ring has all cyclics [Formula: see text]-modules if and only if it is a direct product of a semisimple artinian ring, a strongly regular ring and a [Formula: see text] matrix ring over a strongly regular ring. Applications to the rings whose [Formula: see text]-generated modules are [Formula: see text] -modules, and the rings whose cyclics are ADS or quasi-continuous are addressed.
3D automatic segmentation method for retinal optical coherence tomography volume data using boundary surface enhancement
Authors: Sun Yankui , Zhang Tian , Zhao Yue , He Yufan
Published: September 2015

With the introduction of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), much larger image datasets are routinely acquired compared to what was possible using the previous generation of time-domain OCT. Thus, there is a critical need for the development of three-dimensional (3D) segmentation methods for processing these data. We present here a novel 3D automatic segmentation method for retinal OCT volume data. Briefly, to segment a boundary surface, two OCT volume datasets are obtained by using a 3D smoothing filter and a 3D differential filter. Their linear combination is then calculated to generate new volume data with an enhanced boundary surface, where pixel intensity, boundary position information, and intensity changes on both sides of the boundary surface are used simultaneously. Next, preliminary discrete boundary points are detected from the A-Scans of the volume data. Finally, surface smoothness constraints and a dynamic threshold are applied to obtain a smoothed boundary surface by correcting a small number of error points. Our method can extract retinal layer boundary surfaces sequentially with a decreasing search region of volume data. We performed automatic segmentation on eight human OCT volume datasets acquired from a commercial Spectralis OCT system, where each volume of datasets contains 97 OCT B-Scan images with a resolution of [Formula: see text] (each B-Scan comprising 512 A-Scans containing 496 pixels); experimental results show that this method can accurately segment seven layer boundary surfaces in normal as well as some abnormal eyes.
The Dynamics of Microtubule/Motor-Protein Assemblies in Biology and Physics
Authors: Shelley Michael J.
Published: September 2015

Many important processes in the cell are mediated by stiff microtubule polymers and the active motor proteins moving on them. This includes the transport of subcellular structures (nuclei, chromosomes, organelles) and the self-assembly and positioning of the mitotic spindle. Little is understood of these processes, but they present fascinating problems in fluid-structure interactions. Microtubules and motor proteins are also the building blocks of new biosynthetic active suspensions driven by motor-protein activity. These reduced systems can be probed—and modeled—more easily than can the fully biological ones and demonstrate their own aspects of self-assembly and complex dynamics. I review recent work modeling such systems as fluid-structure interaction problems and as multiscale complex fluids.
The Genetics of Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Crop Plants
Authors: Han Mei , Okamoto Mamoru , Beatty Perrin H. , Rothstein Steven J. , Good Allen G.
Published: September 2015

In the past 50 years, the application of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer to farmland resulted in a dramatic increase in crop yields but with considerable negative impacts on the environment. New solutions are therefore needed to simultaneously increase yields while maintaining, or preferably decreasing, applied N to maximize the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of crops. In this review, we outline the definition of NUE, the selection and development of NUE crops, and the factors that interact with NUE. In particular, we emphasize the challenges of developing crop plants with enhanced NUE, using more classical genetic approaches based on utilizing existing allelic variation for NUE traits. The challenges of phenotyping, mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and selecting candidate genes for NUE improvement are described. In addition, we highlight the importance of different factors that lead to changes in the NUE components of nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE) and nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE).
Mitochondrial Genetics and Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Wiggs Janey L.
Published: September 2015

Mitochondrial dysfunction underlies many human disorders, including those that affect the visual system. The retinal ganglion cells, whose axons form the optic nerve, are often damaged by mitochondrial-related diseases which result in blindness. Both mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear gene mutations impacting many different mitochondrial processes can result in optic nerve disease. Of particular importance are mutations that impair mitochondrial network dynamics (fusion and fission), oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and formation of iron–sulfur complexes. Current genetic knowledge can inform genetic counseling and suggest strategies for novel gene-based therapies. Identifying new optic neuropathy–causing genes and defining the role of current and novel genes in disease will be important steps toward the development of effective and potentially neuroprotective therapies.
Intermanual transfer characteristics of dynamic learning: direction, coordinate frame, and consolidation of interlimb generalization
Authors: Stockinger Christian , Thürer Benjamin , Focke Anne , Stein Thorsten
Published: September 2015

Intermanual transfer, i.e., generalization of motor learning across hands, is a well-accepted phenomenon of motor learning. Yet, there are open questions regarding the characteristics of this transfer, particularly the intermanual transfer of dynamic learning. In this study, we investigated intermanual transfer in a force field adaptation task concerning the direction and the coordinate frame of transfer as well as the influence of a 24-h consolidation period on the transfer. We tested 48 healthy human subjects for transfer from dominant to nondominant hand, and vice versa. We considered two features of transfer. First, we examined transfer to the untrained hand using force channel trials that suppress error feedback and learning mechanisms to assess intermanual transfer in the form of a practice-dependent bias. Second, we considered transfer by exposing the subjects to the force field with the untrained hand to check for faster learning of the dynamics (interlimb savings). Half of the subjects were tested for transfer immediately after adaptation, whereas the other half were tested after a 24-h consolidation period. Our results showed intermanual transfer both from dominant to nondominant hand and vice versa in extrinsic coordinates. After the consolidation period, transfer effects were weakened. Moreover, the transfer effects were negligible compared with the subjects' ability to rapidly adapt to the force field condition. We conclude that intermanual transfer is a bidirectional phenomenon that vanishes with time. However, the ability to transfer motor learning seems to play a minor role compared with the rapid adaptation processes.
A leech model for homeostatic plasticity and motor network recovery after loss of descending inputs
Authors: Lane Brian J.
Published: September 2015

Motor networks below the site of spinal cord injury (SCI) and their reconfiguration after loss of central inputs are poorly understood but remain of great interest in SCI research. Harley et al. ( J Neurophysiol 113: 3610–3622, 2015) report a striking locomotor recovery paradigm in the leech Hirudo verbana with features that are functionally analogous to SCI. They propose that this well-established neurophysiological system could potentially be repurposed to provide a complementary model to investigate basic principles of homeostatic compensation relevant to SCI research.
Laser Phototherapy (660 nm) Can Be Beneficial for Reducing Gingival Inflammation in Prosthodontics
Authors: Cardoso Bezerra Sávio José , Fioranelli Vieira Glauco , Eduardo Carlos de Paula , de Freitas Patrícia Moreira , Aranha Ana Cecilia Corrêa
Published: September 2015

Among the new technologies developed, low power lasers have enabled new approaches to provide conservative treatment. Low power lasers act at cellular level, resulting in reduced pain, modulating inflammation, and improved tissue healing. Clinical application of the low power laser requires specific knowledge concerning laser interaction with biological tissue so that the correct irradiation protocol can be established. The present case report describes the clinical steps involved in an indirect composite resin restoration performed in a 31-year-old patient, in whom low power laser was used for soft tissue biomodulation. Laser therapy was applied with a semiconductor laser 660 nm, spot size of 0.028 cm2, energy density of 35.7 J/cm2, mean power of 100 mW, and energy per point as 1 J, in contact mode, on a total of 2 points (mesial and distal), totaling 2 J of energy. The therapy with low power laser can contribute positively to the success of an indirect restorative treatment.
Antioxidant Potential in Different Parts and Callus ofGynura procumbensand Different Parts ofGynura bicolor
Authors: Krishnan Vijendren , Ahmad Syahida , Mahmood Maziah
Published: September 2015

Plants from Gynura family was used in this study, namely,Gynura procumbensandGynura bicolor.Gynura procumbensis well known for its various medicinal properties such as antihyperglycaemic, antihyperlipidaemic, and antiulcerogenic; meanwhile,G. bicolorremains unexploited. Several nonenzymatic antioxidants methods were utilized to study the antioxidant capacity, which include ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, and ascorbic acid content determination. DPPH assay revealsG. procumbensshoot as the lowest (66.885%) andG. procumbensroot as the highest (93.499%) DPPH radical inhibitor. In FRAP assay, reducing power was not detected inG. procumbensleaf callus (0.000 TEAC mg/g FW) wherebyG. procumbensroot exhibits the highest (1.103 TEAC mg/g FW) ferric reducing power. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content exhibited similar trend for both the intact plants analysed. In all antioxidant assays,G. procumbenscallus culture exhibits very low antioxidant activity. However,G. procumbensroot exhibited highest phenolic content, flavonoid content, and ascorbic acid content with 4.957 TEAC mg/g FW, 543.529 QEµg/g FW, and 54.723 µg/g FW, respectively. This study reveals thatG. procumbensroot extract is a good source of natural antioxidant.
QPRD: QoS-Aware Peering Routing Protocol for Delay-Sensitive Data in Hospital Body Area Network
Authors: Khan Zahoor A. , Sivakumar Shyamala , Phillips William , Robertson Bill , Javaid Nadeem
Published: September 2015

Consistent performance, energy efficiency, and reliable transfer of data are critical factors for real-time monitoring of a patient’s data, especially in a hospital environment. In this paper, a routing protocol is proposed by considering the QoS requirements of the Body Area Network (BAN) data packets. A mechanism for handling delay-sensitive packets is provided by this protocol. Moreover, linear programming based modeling along with graphical analysis is also done. Extensive simulations using the OMNeT++ based simulator Castalia 3.2 illustrate that the proposed algorithm provides better performance than other QoS-aware routing protocols in terms of higher successful transmission rates (throughputs), lower overall network traffic, no packets dropped due to MAC buffer overflow, and fewer numbers of packet time outs in both the mobile and static patient scenarios. The scalability of the protocol is demonstrated by simulating a 24-bed real hospital environment with 49 nodes. It is shown that, even in the larger real hospital scenario requiring the transmission of delay-sensitive data packets with stringent delay requirements, QPRD outperforms comparable protocols.
Mycological Pattern of Dermatomycoses in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kaur Ravinder , Panda Pragyan Swagatika , Sardana Kabir , Khan Sahanawaj
Published: September 2015

Background. Dermatomycoses are not diseases requiring compulsory notifications; rather they cause cosmetic defacements. Indian subcontinent with a varied topography is favorable for various fungal infections.Objective. To look for the epidemiological and mycological profile of superficial mycoses in North India.Methods. Three hundred and fifty-one clinical samples of skin, hair, and nail were examined to find the fungal etiology of the dermatomycoses.Results. Dermatomycoses were seen in 215/351 (61.2%) of cases. Most common isolates obtained were nondermatophyte molds (NDMs) (36.1%), followed by dermatophytes (13.8%) and yeasts (8.6%).Aspergillus niger(9%) was the most common mold.Trichophyton rubrum(4.6%) was the most common dermatophyte isolated, while amongst the yeastsNon-albicans Candida(NAC) species were more common (6%). Many other NDMs likeSyncephalastrumspp.,Cunninghamellaspp.,Rhodotorulaspp.,A. terreus, Scytalidiumspp. andScopulariopsisspp. were also isolated.Conclusion. Our study reflects an increasing role of NDMs (thought to be normal laboratory or environmental contaminants) as a causative agent of dermatomycoses, replacing the dermatophytes. Clinician’s awareness of the demographic profile of the population involved along with more studies on dermatomycoses can help in understanding the etiological profile in area, leading to prevention of disease occurrence and cosmetic disfigurement.
A Case Report on the Progression of Myeloid Sarcoma to Form Multiple Metastatic Deposits without Developing Acute Myeloid Leukaemia
Authors: Kohli Sunita , Lee Mark , Marshall Scott
Published: September 2015

Introduction. Myeloid sarcomas (MS) are rare tumours occurring at extramedullary sites. They are usually associated with other haematology disorders such as acute myeloid leukaemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. They frequently occur with a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) or with relapse of preexisting disease. Patients with myeloid sarcomas without history or evidence of myeloid leukaemia typically progress to form AML. Case Presentation. A case report of a patient diagnosed with an isolated myeloid sarcoma that rarely did not transform to AML but instead spread to form multiple myeloid sarcomas throughout the body. Discussion. This case identifies the risk of metastatic spread of these tumours rather than the development of AML which is poorly documented in the literature, due to the rarity of cases, and may be significant in the investigation and management of isolated myeloid sarcomas. This case highlights the need for clinicians to consider repeat cross-sectional imaging to investigate unexplained clinical decline or symptoms, when there is no sign of AML progression and to consider radiotherapy treatment early.
Human Gene Expression in UncomplicatedPlasmodium falciparumMalaria
Authors: Colborn James M. , Ylöstalo Joni H. , Koita Ousmane A. , Cissé Ousmane H. , Krogstad Donald J.
Published: September 2015

To examine human gene expression during uncomplicatedP. falciparummalaria, we obtained three samples (acute illness, treatment, and recovery) from 10 subjects and utilized each subject’s recovery sample as their baseline. At the time of acute illness (day 1), subjects had upregulation of innate immune response, cytokine, and inflammation-related genes (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF, and IFN-γ), which was more frequent with parasitemias>100,000 perμL and body temperatures≥39∘C. Apoptosis-related genes (Fas, BAX, and TP53) were upregulated acutely and for several days thereafter (days 1–3). In contrast, the expression of immune-modulatory (transcription factor 7, HLV-DOA, and CD6) and apoptosis inhibitory (c-myc, caspase 8, and Fas Ligand G) genes was downregulated initially and returned to normal with clinical recovery (days 7–10). These results indicate that the innate immune response, cytokine, and apoptosis pathways are upregulated acutely in uncomplicated malaria with concomitant downregulation of immune-modulatory and apoptosis inhibitory genes.
Robust Visual Correlation Tracking
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Yanjie , Sun Honghai , Yao Zhijun , He Shuwen
Published: September 2015

Recent years have seen greater interests in the tracking-by-detection methods in the visual object tracking, because of their excellent tracking performance. But most existing methods fix the scale which makes the trackers unreliable to handle large scale variations in complex scenes. In this paper, we decompose the tracking into target translation and scale prediction. We adopt a scale estimation approach based on the tracking-by-detection framework, develop a new model update scheme, and present a robust correlation tracking algorithm with discriminative correlation filters. The approach works by learning the translation and scale correlation filters. We obtain the target translation and scale by finding the maximum output response of the learned correlation filters and then online update the target models. Extensive experiments results on 12 challenging benchmark sequences show that the proposed tracking approach reduces the average center location error (CLE) by 6.8 pixels, significantly improves the performance by 17.5% in the average success rate (SR) and by 5.4% in the average distance precision (DP) compared to the second best one of the other five excellent existing tracking algorithms, and is robust to appearance variations introduced by scale variations, pose variations, illumination changes, partial occlusion, fast motion, rotation, and background clutter.
Danhong Promotes Angiogenesis in Diabetic Mice after Critical Limb Ischemia by Activation of CSE-H2S-VEGF Axis
Authors: Wu Feng , He Zhiqing , Ding Ru , Huang Zhigang , Jiang Qixia , Cui Haiming , Lin Yi , Huang Shuaibo , Dai Xianliang , Zhang Jiayou , Wu Zonggui , Liang Chun
Published: September 2015

The aim of this paper is to investigate effect and mechanism of Danhong injection (DH) on angiogenesis in the diabetic hind limb ischemia mouse model. Thirty diabetic hind limb ischemic model mice and ten normal mice, established by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) or PBS and ligation/excision of femoral artery, and then twenty diabetic hind limb ischemic model mice of all were evenly randomized to saline (control,n=10) and DH i.p. injection (2 mL/kg weight for 7 days,n=10) groups. Limb perfusion recovery and femoral blood hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and vessel regeneration and lower limb vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/cystathionineγ-lyase (CSE) expression were evaluated during intervention and after euthanasia, respectively. DH i.p. increased ischemic limb perfusion and promoted collateral circulation generation without decreasing blood glucose level. Increased local CSE-H2S-VEGF expression contributed to beneficial effects of DH injection. In conclusion, activation of local CSE-H2S-VEGF axis might participate in proangiogenesis effects of DH injection in diabetic hind limb ischemia model mice, suggesting a potential therapy for diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia.
Existence and Stability of Solutions for Hadamard-Stieltjes Fractional Integral Equations
Authors: Abbas Saïd , Alaidarous Eman , Benchohra Mouffak , Nieto Juan J.
Published: September 2015

We give some existence results and Ulam stability results for a class of Hadamard-Stieltjes integral equations. We present two results: the first one is an existence result based on Schauder’s fixed point theorem and the second one is about the generalized Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability.
Double Ventricular Responses Leading to Reversible Cardiomyopathy as Late Complication after Slow-Pathway Ablation
Authors: Celikyurt Umut , Gawaz Meinrad , Schreieck Juergen , Seizer Peter
Published: September 2015

Double ventricular response is a rare arrhythmia that results from simultaneous antegrade conduction over the fast and slow pathways of AV node. Double ventricular responses may lead to arrhythmia-related cardiomyopathy. As far as we know, there is not any reported reversible cardiomyopathy development that resulted from double ventricular responses to one atrial impulse after slow pathway ablation. We report a unique case of double ventricular response cardiomyopathy that has been developed 5 years after slow pathway ablation.
Dispersion of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes in Organic Solvents through Hydrothermal Supercritical Condition
Authors: Jagadish Krishnegowda , Srikantaswamy Shivanna , Byrappa Kullaiah , Shruthi Lingaraju , Abhilash Mavinakere Ramesh
Published: September 2015

Multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite materials require careful formulation of processing methods to ultimately realize the desired properties. Until now, controlled dispersion of MWCNT remains a challenge, due to strong van der Waals binding energies associated with the MWCNT aggregates. In the present study, an effort has been made to disperse MWCNTs in organic solvents like dichloromethane, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, and hexane through hydrothermal reaction. Dichloromethane is considered the best solvent for the dispersion of MWCNTs. The characterizations were carried out to find the dispersion design, particle size, and stabilization, which clearly indicate that the desired properties of MWCNTs have been achieved.
On the Convergence of a Nonlinear Boundary-Value Problem in a Perforated Domain
Authors: Koroleva Yulia
Published: September 2015

We consider a family with respect to a small parameter of nonlinear boundary-value problems as well as the corresponding spectral problems in a domain perforated periodically along a part of the boundary. We prove the convergence of solution of the original problems to the solution of the respective homogenized problem in this domain.
Impact Parameter Analysis of Subspace Clustering
Authors: Lee Dongjin , Shim Junho
Published: September 2015

Subspace clustering, which detects all clusters in affine subspaces of a given high dimensional vector space, is used in various applications, including e-business. The performance and result of a subspace clustering algorithm highly depend on the parameter values the algorithm is tuned to execute. It may not be clear if the resultant clusters are indeed meaningful ones in a given dataset or if the result is just an artifact of the given parameter values. Although choosing the proper parameter values is crucial for both clustering quality and performance of the algorithm, there has been little research or discussion on this topic. In this paper, we propose a methodology for determining proper values of parameters in subspace clustering. Along with it, we validate our approach through experimental analysis, using various real-world datasets. The study can serve as a reference model for any subspace clustering experiment in which parameter setting is required to output clusters of quality.
QoE Guarantee Scheme Based on Cooperative Cognitive Cloud and Opportunistic Weight Particle Swarm
Authors: Shi Weihang
Published: September 2015

It is well known that the Internet application of cloud services may be affected by the inefficiency of cloud computing and inaccurate evaluation of quality of experience (QoE) seriously. In our paper, based on construction algorithms of cooperative cognitive cloud platform and optimization algorithm of opportunities weight particle swarm clustering, the QoE guarantee mechanism was proposed. The mechanism, through the sending users of requests and the cognitive neighbor users’ cooperation, combined the cooperation of subcloud platforms and constructed the optimal cloud platform with the different service. At the same time, the particle swarm optimization algorithm could be enhanced dynamically according to all kinds of opportunity request weight, which could optimize the cooperative cognitive cloud platform. Finally, the QoE guarantee scheme was proposed with the opportunity weight particle swarm optimization algorithm and collaborative cognitive cloud platform. The experimental results show that the proposed mechanism compared is superior to the QoE guarantee scheme based on cooperative cloud and QoE guarantee scheme based on particle swarm optimization, compared with optimization fitness and high cloud computing service execution efficiency and high throughput performance advantages.
The Discriminant Value of Phase-Dependent Local Dynamic Stability of Daily Life Walking in Older Adult Community-Dwelling Fallers and Nonfallers
Authors: Ihlen Espen A. F. , Weiss Aner , Helbostad Jorunn L. , Hausdorff Jeffrey M.
Published: September 2015

The present study compares phase-dependent measures of local dynamic stability of daily life walking with 35 conventional gait features in their ability to discriminate between community-dwelling older fallers and nonfallers. The study reanalyzes 3D-acceleration data of 3-day daily life activity from 39 older people who reported less than 2 falls during one year and 31 who reported two or more falls. Phase-dependent local dynamic stability was defined for initial perturbation at 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of the step cycle. A partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare the discriminant abilities of phase-dependent local dynamic stability with the discriminant abilities of 35 conventional gait features. The phase-dependent local dynamic stabilityλat 0% and 60% of the step cycle discriminated well between fallers and nonfallers (AUC = 0.83) and was significantly larger (p<0.01) for the nonfallers. Furthermore, phase-dependentλdiscriminated as well between fallers and nonfallers as all other gait features combined. The present result suggests that phase-dependent measures of local dynamic stability of daily life walking might be of importance for further development in early fall risk screening tools.
The Characterization and Stability of g-Riesz Frames for Super Hilbert Space
Authors: Hua Dingli , Huang Yongdong
Published: September 2015

G-frames and g-Riesz frames as generalized frames in Hilbert spaces have been studied by many authors in recent years. The super Hilbert space has a certain advantage compared with the Hilbert space in the field of studying quantum mechanics. In this paper, for super Hilbert spaceH⊕K, the definitions of a g-Riesz frame and minimal g-complete are put forward; also a characterization of g-Riesz frames is obtained. In particular, we generalize them to general super Hilbert spaceL1⊕L2⊕⋯⊕Ln. Finally, a conclusion of the stability of a g-Riesz frame for the super Hilbert space is given.
Assessment of Tachykinin Receptor 3′ Gene Polymorphism rs3733631 in Rosacea
Authors: Karpouzis Anthony , Avgeridis Paschalis , Tripsianis Gregory , Gatzidou Elisavet , Kourmouli Niki , Veletza Stavroula
Published: September 2015

Background. Rosacea is a chronic skin disease, possibly following the neurogenic skin inflammation model. Neurokinin B, involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease, frequently coexisting with subsequent onset of rosacea, is an endogenous ligand of the tachykinin receptor 3 (TACR3). Methods. 128 rosacea patients and 121 matched controls were genotyped for rs3733631 by PCR-RFLP and analyzed by chi-square test. Results. We observed statistically significant predominance of the C/G or G/G genotype (p=0.006) and of the G allele (p=0.004) in the papulopustular (PP) form of rosacea and statistically marginal significance of the C/G or G/G genotype in erythematotelangiectatic (ET) rosacea (p=0.052). Significantly higher frequency of the C/G or G/G genotype and G allele in PP rosacea (p=0.021 and p=0.008, resp.) was ascertained within male patients. Conclusion. TACR3 rs3733631 G allele possibly predisposes the evolution of the initial phase of rosacea to the PP and not the ET form in male patients.
Woven Coronary Artery Disease Successfully Managed with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A New Case Report
Authors: Alsancak Yakup , Sezenoz Burak , Turkoglu Sedat , Abacı Adnan
Published: September 2015

Woven coronary artery is relatively rare and can be complicated in both acute and chronic phases. A few case reports have been published until now. Herein we report a case with right woven coronary artery managed with drug-eluted stent implantation without complication.
A Glimpse to Background and Characteristics of Major Molecular Biological Networks
Authors: Altaf-Ul-Amin Md. , Katsuragi Tetsuo , Sato Tetsuo , Kanaya Shigehiko
Published: September 2015

Recently, biology has become a data intensive science because of huge data sets produced by high throughput molecular biological experiments in diverse areas including the fields of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. These huge datasets have paved the way for system-level analysis of the processes and subprocesses of the cell. For system-level understanding, initially the elements of a system are connected based on their mutual relations and a network is formed. Among omics researchers, construction and analysis of biological networks have become highly popular. In this review, we briefly discuss both the biological background and topological properties of major types of omics networks to facilitate a comprehensive understanding and to conceptualize the foundation of network biology.
Revenue-Sharing Contract Models for Logistics Service Supply Chains with Mass Customization Service
Authors: Liu Weihua , Zhao Xuan , Wu Runze
Published: September 2015

The revenue-sharing contract is one of the most important supply chain coordination contracts; it has been applied in various supply chains. However, studies related to service supply chains with mass customization (MC) are lacking. Considering the equity of benefit distribution between the members of service supply chains, in this paper, we designed two revenue-sharing contracts. The first contract for the maximum equity of a single logistics service integrator (LSI) and single functional logistics service provider (FLSP) in a two-echelon logistics service supply chain was designed by introducing the fair entropy function (“one to one” model). Furthermore, the method is extended to a more complex supply chain, which consists of a single LSI and multiple FLSPs. A new contract was designed not only for considering the equity of an LSI and each FLSP but also for the equity between each FLSP (“one toN” model). The “one to one” model in three-echelon LSSC is also provided. The result exemplifies that, whether in the “one to one” model or “one toN” model, there exists a best interval of customized level when the revenue-sharing coefficient reaches its maximum.
Optimized Data Transfers Based on the OpenCL Event Management Mechanism
Authors: Takizawa Hiroyuki , Hirasawa Shoichi , Sugawara Makoto , Gelado Isaac , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Hwu Wen-mei W.
Published: September 2015

In standard OpenCL programming, hosts are supposed to control their compute devices. Since compute devices are dedicated to kernel computation, only hosts can execute several kinds of data transfers such as internode communication and file access. These data transfers require one host to simultaneously play two or more roles due to the need for collaboration between the host and devices. The codes for such data transfers are likely to be system-specific, resulting in low portability. This paper proposes an OpenCL extension that incorporates such data transfers into the OpenCL event management mechanism. Unlike the current OpenCL standard, the main thread running on the host is not blocked to serialize dependent operations. Hence, an application can easily use the opportunities to overlap parallel activities of hosts and compute devices. In addition, the implementation details of data transfers are hidden behind the extension, and application programmers can use the optimized data transfers without any tricky programming techniques. The evaluation results show that the proposed extension can use the optimized data transfer implementation and thereby increase the sustained data transfer performance by about 18% for a real application accessing a big data file.
Adomian Decomposition Method Combined with Padé Approximation and Laplace Transform for Solving a Model of HIV Infection of CD4+T Cells
Authors: Chen Fang , Liu Qing-Quan
Published: September 2015

The classical Adomian decomposition method (ADM) is implemented to solve a model of HIV infection of CD4+T cells. The results indicate that the approximate solution by using the ADM is the same as that by using the Laplace ADM, but it can be obtained in a more efficient way. We also use Padé approximation and Laplace transform as a posttreatment technique to obtain the result of the ADM. The advantage of the posttreatment is illustrated by numerical experiments.
The Study on Cracking Strength of AIJs to Release the Early-Age Stress of Mass Concrete
Authors: Zhang Xiaogang , Wang Chengqiang , Wang Shuping , Xing Feng , Zhu Ronghua
Published: September 2015

This paper aims to theoretically and numerically assess the effect of setting artificial-induced joints (AIJs) during construction period of a mass concrete structure to release the early-stage thermal stress. With respect to the coupling influences of various factors such as size and boundary of AIJs, an analytical model for its cracking strength on the setting section of mass concrete is proposed based on double-parameter fracture theory. A kind of hyper-finite element analysis (FEA) for many array AIJs in simplified plane pate is also presented by using bilinear cohesive force distribution. The results from the present model and numerical simulation were compared to those of experimental data to prove the efficiency and accuracy of the analytical model and FEA. The model presented in this study for the cracking strength of AIJs provides a simple useful tool to accurately evaluate how many early stress AIJs reduced. The theoretical solution and FEA results could also be significantly contributed to find the “just” and “perfect” release of the temperature stress and to improve the design level of AIJs in mass concrete structure.
A Novel Computational Method to Reduce Leaky Reaction in DNA Strand Displacement
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Xun , Song Tao , Lu Wei , Chen Zhihua , Shi Xiaolong
Published: September 2015

DNA strand displacement technique is widely used in DNA programming, DNA biosensors, and gene analysis. In DNA strand displacement, leaky reactions can cause DNA signals decay and detecting DNA signals fails. The mostly used method to avoid leakage is cleaning up after upstream leaky reactions, and it remains a challenge to develop reliable DNA strand displacement technique with low leakage. In this work, we address the challenge by experimentally evaluating the basic factors, including reaction time, ratio of reactants, and ion concentration to the leakage in DNA strand displacement. Specifically, fluorescent probes and a hairpin structure reporting DNA strand are designed to detect the output of DNA strand displacement, and thus can evaluate the leakage of DNA strand displacement reactions with different reaction time, ratios of reactants, and ion concentrations. From the obtained data, mathematical models for evaluating leakage are achieved by curve derivation. As a result, it is obtained that long time incubation, high concentration of fuel strand, and inappropriate amount of ion concentration can weaken leaky reactions. This contributes to a method to set proper reaction conditions to reduce leakage in DNA strand displacement.
Monte Carlo-Based Dose Calculation in Postprostatectomy Image-Guided Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rankine Ashley , Turnbull Kirsty , Greenham Stuart , Shakespeare Thomas P. , Westhuyzen Justin , Kovendy Andrew , Chua Ben , McKay Michael J.
Published: September 2015

Step-and-shoot (S&S) intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using the XiO treatment planning system (TPS) has been routinely used for patients receiving postprostatectomy radiotherapy (PPRT). After installing the Monaco, a pilot study was undertaken with five patients to compare XiO with Monaco (V2.03) TPS for PPRT with respect to plan quality for S&S as well as volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Monaco S&S showed higher mean clinical target volume (CTV) coverage (99.85%) than both XiO S&S (97.98%, P = 0.04) and Monaco VMAT (99.44, P = 0.02). Rectal V60Gy volumes were lower for Monaco S&S compared to XiO (46.36% versus 58.06%, P = 0.001) and Monaco VMAT (46.36% versus 54.66%, P = 0.02). Rectal V60Gy volume was lowest for Monaco S&S and superior to XiO (mean 19.89% versus 31.25%, P = 0.02). Rectal V60Gy volumes were lower for Monaco VMAT compared to XiO (21.09% versus 31.25%, P = 0.02). Other organ-at-risk (OAR) parameters were comparable between TPSs. Compared to XiO S&S, Monaco S&S plans had fewer segments (78.6 versus 116.8 segments, P = 0.02), lower total monitor units (MU) (677.6 MU versus 770.7 MU, P = 0.01), and shorter beam-on times (5.7 min versus 7.6 min, P = 0.03). This pilot study suggests that Monaco S&S improves CTV coverage, OAR doses, and planning and treatment times for PPRT.
Retrieval of Atmospheric CO2and CH4Variations Using Ground-Based High Resolution Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra
Authors: Yuan Tian , Cheng Liu , You Wen Sun , Hua Xie Pin , Wei Wang , Qing Liu Wen , Guo Liu Jian , Ang Li , Zhi Hu Ren , Yi Zeng
Published: September 2015

High resolution Fourier transform near IR solar spectra are used to estimate the column-averaged dry-air mole fraction (DMF) of CO2andCH4variations in the atmosphere. The preliminary retrieval results for CO2andCH4variations in the area of Hefei, China, are presented, and the underlying error sources are also analyzed. Both a forward analysis and an inversion algorithm are included in the retrieval. The forward analysis uses the modeled atmospheric transmittance to line-by-line (LBL) convolute the instrument line shape function. The influences of the temperature, pressure, humidity, and a priori gases are considered in the atmospheric transmittance model. The inversion algorithm is based on the nonlinear iterative and nonlinear least squares spectral fitting, which is used to obtainVCDCO2andVCDCH4(which represent vertical column density of CO2andCH4, resp.). Furthermore, theVCDO2is also retrieved for converting the VCDs into DMFs. DMFs are final products of data analysis. The inversion results can clearly resolve the tiny variations of CO2andCH4under strong atmospheric background. Spectral fitting residuals for bothVCDCO2andVCDCH4are less than 0.5%. Finally, CO2andCH4diurnal variations are investigated based on a typical observation. About 2 ppm amplitude forDMFCO2diurnal variations and less than 15 ppb amplitude forDMFCH4are observed.
Leakage Immune Modified Pass Transistor Based 8T SRAM Cell in Subthreshold Region
Authors: Gupta Priya , Gupta Anu , Asati Abhijit
Published: September 2015

The paper presents a novel 8T SRAM cell with access pass gates replaced with modified PMOS pass transistor logic. In comparison to 6T SRAM cell, the proposed cell achieves 3.5x higher read SNM and 2.4x higher write SNM with 16.6% improved SINM (static current noise margin) distribution at the expense of 7x lower WTI (write trip current) at 0.4 V power supply voltage, while maintaining similar stability in hold mode. The proposed 8T SRAM cell shows improvements in terms of 7.735x narrower spread in average standby power, 2.61x less in averageTWA(write access time), and 1.07x less in averageTRA(read access time) at supply voltage varying from 0.3 V to 0.5 V as compared to 6T SRAM equivalent at 45 nm technology node. Thus, comparative analysis shows that the proposed design has a significant improvement, thereby achieving high cell stability at 45 nm technology node.