bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D bioprinting of dense cellular structures within hydrogels with spatially controlled heterogeneity
Authors: Abaci Alperen , Guvendiren Murat
Published: May 2024

Embedded bioprinting is an emerging technology for precise deposition of cell-laden or cell-only bioinks to construct tissue like structures. Bioink is extruded or transferred into a yield stress hydrogel or a microgel support bath allowing print needle motion during printing and providing temporal support for the printed construct. Although this technology has enabled creation of complex tissue structures, it remains a challenge to develop a support bath with user-defined extracellular mimetic cues and their spatial and temporal control. This is crucial to mimic the dynamic nature of the native tissue to better regenerate tissues and organs. To address this, we present a bioprinting approach involving printing of a photocurable viscous support layer and bioprinting of a cell-only or cell-laden bioink within this viscous layer followed by brief exposure to light to partially crosslink the support layer. This approach does not require shear thinning behavior and is suitable for a wide range of photocurable hydrogels to be used as a support. It enables multi-material printing to spatially control support hydrogel heterogeneity including temporal delivery of bioactive cues (e.g. growth factors), and precise patterning of dense multi-cellular structures within these hydrogel supports. Here, dense stem cell aggregates are printed within methacrylated hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels with patterned heterogeneity to spatially modulate human mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis. This study has significant impactions on creating tissue interfaces (e.g. osteochondral tissue) in which spatial control of extracellular matrix properties for patterned stem cell differentiation is crucial.
A review on potential use of cerium oxide and doped cerium oxide as high dielectric constant seed layers for overgrowth of cerium oxide nanostructures
Authors: Nsar Saad Milad Ali , Hassan Zainuriah , Cheong Kuan Yew , Foong Lim Way
Published: May 2024

In this review, an introduction to nanostructured films focusing on cerium oxide (CeO2) as high dielectric constant (k) material for silicon-based metal-oxide-semiconductor devices, and subsequently background of using low k silicon dioxide as well as the transition to high k materials was presented. Moreover, the properties of CeO2 in general and the applications of CeO2 and doped CeO2 films as high k passivation layers were reviewed. The beneficial effect of using CeO2 seed layers on the characteristics of CeO2 nanostructures was discussed. Moreover, challenges faced by CeO2 and the potential of doping trivalent cations into the CeO2 lattice for enhancement of passivation properties were thoroughly discussed.
PSF and MTF from a bar pattern in digital mammography
Authors: Lozano F R , Rojo Daniel , Martínez L C , Ramon Carlos
Published: May 2024

Background. The MTF has difficulties being determined (according to the provisions of the IEC standards) in the hospital setting due to the lack of resources. Purpose. The objective of this work is to propose a quantitative method for obtaining the point spread function (PSF) and the modulation transfer function (MTF) of a digital mammography system from an image of a bar pattern. Methods. The method is based on the measurement of the contrast transfer function (CTF) of the system over the image of the bar pattern. In addition, a theoretical model for the PSF is proposed, from which the theoretical CTF of the system is obtained by means of convolution with a square wave (mathematical simulation of the bar pattern). Through an iterative process, the free parameters of the PSF model are varied until the experimental CTF coincides with the one calculated by convolution. Once the PSF of the system is obtained, we calculate the MTF by means of its Fourier transform. The MTF calculated from the model PSF have been compared with those calculated from an image of a 65 μm diameter gold wire using an oversampling process. Results. The CTF has been calculated for three digital mammographic systems (DMS 1, DMS 2 and DMS 3), no differences of more than 5 % were found with the CTF obtained with the PSF model. The comparison of the MTF shows us the goodness of the PSF model. Conclusions. The proposed method for obtaining PSF and MTF is a simple and accessible method, which does not require a complex configuration or the use of phantoms that are difficult to access in the hospital world. In addition, it can be used to calculate other magnitudes of interest such as the normalized noise power spectrum (NNPS) and the detection quantum efficiency (DQE).
Investigation on FDM process parameters for the dimensional accuracy with ABS polymer part
Authors: Singh Aarti , Bhardwaj Tarun , Saini Puneet , Gangil Namrata , Singh Dinesh Kumar
Published: May 2024

The accuracy of manufactured parts holds paramount importance in product assembly. Among various additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, fused deposition modeling (FDM) stands out for its emphasis on accuracy, surface quality, and precision. Hitherto, some investigations have been conducted on dimensional accuracy which are limited to few geometrical shapes and remains inadequately explored. This study adopts an experimental approach to investigate the influence of FDM printing parameters including build orientation (BO), layer thickness (LT), and infill density (ID) on the dimensional accuracy of ABS polymer printed benchmark. Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array is utilized to assess the correlation between the chosen FDM process parameters and the obtained responses. Measurements of deviations of the printed parts are conducted using a vision measuring machine (VMM) and analyzed employing the ‘nominal-is-the-best’ method. In this study, the most influencing parameter is changing as the geometrical shapes vary. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is performed to examine the adequacy of the model, considering p-values less than 0.05 at 95% confidence level. The model is found adequate for all the dimensions of the benchmark. The study concludes that the parameter setting will vary with the changes in features. This study will pave the way in selecting the process parameters to get the desired dimensional accuracy for improving the quality of critical applications like prototyping and functional end-use manufacturing.
Self-consistent autocorrelation for finite-area bias correction in roughness measurement
Authors: Nečas D
Published: May 2024

Scan line levelling, a ubiquitous and often necessary step in AFM data processing, can cause a severe bias on measured roughness parameters such as mean square roughness or correlation length. Although bias estimates have been formulated, they aimed mainly at assessing the severity of the problem for individual measurements. Practical bias correction methods are still missing. This work exploits the observation that the bias of autocorrelation function (ACF) can be expressed in terms of the function itself, permitting a self-consistent formulation. From this two correction approaches are developed, both with the aim to obtain convenient formulae which can be easily applied in practice. The first modifies standard analytical models of ACF to incorporate, in expectation, the bias and thus actually match the data the models are used to fit. The second inverts the relation between true and estimated ACF to realise a model-free correction. Both are tested using simulated and experimental data and found effective, reducing the total error of roughness parameters several times in the typical cases.
‘Holy, safe, and sweet, and durable’
Authors: Harris Johanna
Published: May 2024

It has been suggested that Richard Baxter had a jaundiced conception of human friendship, an idea largely drawing on Baxter’s reflections on intimate and ‘bosom’ friendship in his pastoral aid, A Christian Directory (1673). Building on N. H. Keeble’s assertions to the contrary, that Baxter had ‘a genius for friendship’, this chapter extends a positive account of Baxter’s friendships to develop a multifaceted conception of friendship in his writings that was both classical and reformed, and which built upon and helped to shape a Puritan literary tradition of friendship. The chapter explores Baxter’s accounts of his real experiences of friendship through his correspondence, autobiography, and dedicatory epistles to friends.
Encapsulation of silver nanoplates into poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles and the antibacterial activity against intracellular bacteria
Authors: Nawata Ryoko , Maruyama Sayo , Xu Wei , Niidome Takuro
Published: May 2024

We encapsulated silver nanoplates (AgNPLs) into poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles. The encapsulation stabilized the AgNPLs in a physiological environment and the antibacterial activity of the AgNPLs against planktonic bacteria was reduced. However, the PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating the AgNPLs were internalized into macrophages and showed antibacterial activity against intracellular bacteria. AgNPL-loaded PLGA nanoparticles are promising for treating intractable infectious diseases caused by bacteria-infecting macrophages.
A genetic screen of transcription factors in the Drosophila melanogaster abdomen identifies novel pigmentation genes
Authors: Petrosky Sarah J , Williams Thomas M , Rebeiz Mark
Published: May 2024

Gene regulatory networks specify the gene expression patterns needed for traits to develop. Differences in these networks can result in phenotypic differences between organisms. Although loss-of-function genetic screens can identify genes necessary for trait formation, gain-of-function screens can overcome genetic redundancy and identify loci whose expression is sufficient to alter trait formation. Here, we leveraged transgenic lines from the Transgenic RNAi Project at Harvard Medical School to perform both gain- and loss-of-function CRISPR/Cas9 screens for abdominal pigmentation phenotypes. We identified measurable effects on pigmentation patterns in the Drosophila melanogaster abdomen for 21 of 55 transcription factors in gain-of-function experiments and 7 of 16 tested by loss-of-function experiments. These included well-characterized pigmentation genes, such as bab1 and dsx, and transcription factors that had no known role in pigmentation, such as slp2. Finally, this screen was partially conducted by undergraduate students in a Genetics Laboratory course during the spring semesters of 2021 and 2022. We found this screen to be a successful model for student engagement in research in an undergraduate laboratory course that can be readily adapted to evaluate the effect of hundreds of genes on many different Drosophila traits, with minimal resources.
The genetic architecture of dog ownership: large-scale genome-wide association study in 97,552 European-ancestry individuals
Authors: Gong Tong , Karlsson Robert , Yao Shuyang , Magnusson Patrik K E , Ajnakina Olesya , Steptoe Andrew , Bhatta Laxmi , Brumpton Ben , Kumar Ashish , Mélen Erik ,   23andMe research team, Aslibekyan Stella , Auton Adam , Babalola Elizabeth , Bell Robert K , Bielenberg Jessica , Bryc Katarzyna , Bullis Emily , Coker Daniella , Partida Gabriel Cuellar , Dhamija Devika , Das Sayantan , Elson Sarah L , Eriksson Nicholas , Filshtein Teresa , Fitch Alison , Fletez-Brant Kipper , Fontanillas Pierre , Freyman Will , Granka Julie M , Heilbron Karl , Hernandez Alejandro , Hicks Barry , Hinds David A , Jewett Ethan M , Jiang Yunxuan , Kukar Katelyn , Kwong Alan , Lin Keng-Han , Llamas Bianca A , Lowe Maya , McCreight Jey C , McIntyre Matthew H , Micheletti Steven J , Moreno Meghan E , Nandakumar Priyanka , Nguyen Dominique T , Noblin Elizabeth S , O'Connell Jared , Petrakovitz Aaron A , Poznik G David , Reynoso Alexandra , Schumacher Morgan , Shastri Anjali J , Shelton Janie F , Shi Jingchunzi , Shringarpure Suyash , Su Qiaojuan Jane , Tat Susana A , Tchakouté Christophe Toukam , Tran Vinh , Tung Joyce Y , Wang Xin , Wang Wei , Weldon Catherine H , Wilton Peter , Wong Corinna D , Lin Keng-Han , Tian Chao , Fall Tove , Almqvist Catarina
Published: May 2024

Dog ownership has been associated with several complex traits, and there is evidence of genetic influence. We performed a genome-wide association study of dog ownership through a meta-analysis of 31,566 Swedish twins in 5 discovery cohorts and an additional 65,986 European-ancestry individuals in 3 replication cohorts from Sweden, Norway, and the United Kingdom. Association tests with >7.4 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms were meta-analyzed using a fixed effect model after controlling for population structure and relatedness. We identified 2 suggestive loci using discovery cohorts, which did not reach genome-wide significance after meta-analysis with replication cohorts. Single-nucleotide polymorphism-based heritability of dog ownership using linkage disequilibrium score regression was estimated at 0.123 (CI 0.038–0.207) using the discovery cohorts and 0.018 (CI −0.002 to 0.039) when adding in replication cohorts. Negative genetic correlation with complex traits including type 2 diabetes, depression, neuroticism, and asthma was only found using discovery summary data. Furthermore, we did not identify any genes/gene-sets reaching even a suggestive level of significance. This genome-wide association study does not, by itself, provide clear evidence on common genetic variants that influence dog ownership among European-ancestry individuals.
Integrated analysis of colorectal cancer metastasis identifies characteristics of tumor cell during metastasis
Authors: Fu Haoyu , Lu Xiaohuan , Ji Tiantian , Wang Liping , Wang Guobin , Wang Lin , Wang Zheng
Published: May 2024

Background

Metastasis is the main cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Metastasis is a sequential and dynamic process, but the development of tumor cells during this process is unclear. In this study, we aimed to reveal characteristics of tumor cell subset during CRC metastasis.

Methods

Single-cell RNA sequence CRC data of normal epithelium, non-metastatic primary tumor, metastatic primary tumor, and liver metastases from gene expression omnibus (GEO) dataset were analyzed to reveal characteristics of CRC metastasis. Primary tumor tissues of three non-metastatic CRC and three metastatic CRC patients from Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College (Wuhan, China) were used to verify the characteristics of CRC metastasis.

Results

We identified a metastasis-related cancer cell subset EP1, which was characterized with a high expression of KRT17, LAMC2, EMP1, and PLAC8. EP1 had an enhanced cell–cell interaction, which interacted with SPP+ macrophages and drove them toward anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive phenotype. Dynamic changes in genes and TF regulons during the metastasis were also revealed.

Conclusions

This study advanced our understanding of the development of tumor cells during CRC metastasis and further identified metastasis-related subset and potential therapeutic targets for the treatment and prevention of CRC metastasis.
State Creation Out of Bounds? Pro-Russian Separatists,Da’esh, and (Liberal) International Order-ing
Authors: Grzybowski Janis
Published: May 2024

Debates about the politics of state creation and recognition and about the supposed crisis of the “liberal international order” intersect where new state creations are regarded as challenges to the (liberal) international order. Cases in point are the secessionist bids of pro-Russian separatists in Ukraine and their recognition, support, and incorporation by Russia, as well as the even more widely rejected claim of the self-declared Islamic State, or Da’esh, to establish a transnational caliphate across Iraq and Syria. Yet this contribution argues that the claims and contestations articulated in these extreme cases point to ongoing (liberal) international order-ing, rather than its demise. For one, the broadly liberal international law of state creation based on rights and rules has always been inherently contradictory, drawing boundaries to state-making “out of bounds” contingently. For another, the challengers themselves take an ambiguous position vis-à-vis the liberal and international orders that they defy. Russia has justified its recognition of Ukrainian separatists in terms of self-determination under international law, and Da’esh has emulated the modern territorial state that it set out to abolish. The contribution thus shows how contested state creations “out of bounds” also invoke, mimic, and animate the (liberal) international order that they challenge.
Rethinking the legal test for excessive pricing: insights from the landmark UK CMA v Pfizer/Flynn Case and its legal implications
Authors: Marinova Miroslava
Published: May 2024

The legal treatment of excessive pricing in the pharmaceutical sector has been a topic of intense debate. This article examines the UK Competition and Market Authority (CMA) approach in the Pfizer/Flynn case and the subsequent appeal. It explores the implications of the Courts’ findings on the CMA’s latest investigations. The article criticizes the UK Courts for imposing unnecessarily high burden on the CMA, which will likely impose additional burdens on future investigators. The analysis also suggests that the cost-plus test conducted by the CMA is a very advanced methodology that can provide different benchmarks not only for assessing the excessiveness but also for assessing the unfairness under the 2-fold United Brands test.
Rare adrenal incidentaloma: ganglioneuroma
Authors: Daghdagh Yassine , Safwate Reda , Doumer Abderrahmane , Moataz Amine , Dakir Mohamed , Debbagh Adil , Aboutaieb Rachid , Mellouki Abd , Benayad Samira , Karkouri Mehdi
Published: May 2024

Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a rare, benign neurogenic tumor that develops from sympathetic ganglion cells. It occurs mainly in the retroperitoneal region. Adrenal localization is rare. We report a case of adrenal ganglioneuroma in a 22-year-old woman with no previous history of the disease. The tumor was discovered incidentally on an entero scan ordered as part of the etiological assessment for chronic diarrhea. The diagnosis was confirmed by pathological examination.
Cecal bascule presenting as internal hernia
Authors: Tian Jane , English Hannah , Bhatia Shubham , Mourad Youssef , Louis Martine A , Khan Norman
Published: May 2024

Cecal bascule, a rare subtype of cecal volvulus, presents diagnostic and management challenges. We report a case of cecal bascule presenting as an internal hernia in a 68-year-old male with no surgical history. Computed tomography revealed two areas of mesenteric swirling and a displaced cecum. Prompt surgical intervention included laparoscopic exploration, resection of a necrotic adhesive band, and cecopexy. This case is noteworthy because of the absence of predisposing factors like prior surgeries or inflammatory conditions. Management options for cecal bascule include resection and cecopexy, tailored to individual patient factors. Awareness among healthcare providers is crucial for the timely recognition and appropriate management of such cases. Further research is needed to refine management strategies and improve outcomes for these rare but potentially life-threatening conditions.
Successful liver transplantation as rescue therapy in a patient with metastases from a vasoactive intestinal peptide producing neuroendocrine tumor
Authors: Andreassen Mikkel , Garbyal Rajendra Singh , Larsen Peter Nørgaard , Hansen Carsten Palnæs , Hannibal Jens , Oturai Peter , Knigge Ulrich , Schultz Nicolai
Published: May 2024

This case report presents a 40-year-old patient with a vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) secreting high grade (Ki-67 39%) neuroendocrine tumor (NET) from the pancreas, for whom successful liver transplantation (LT) was carried out 8 years after resection of the primary tumor due to massive liver metastases. The transplantation was done as rescue therapy due to rapid progression and a devastating clinical condition requiring intravenous supplementation for 20 hours daily. The latest imaging carried out 18 months after transplantation is without signs of recurrence, and the patient is in good health with undetectable levels of VIP. According to the guidelines, LT is only recommended if Ki-67 is <20% and if there has been tumor control for more than 6 months prior to transplantation. Our case illustrates that LT is an option that should be considered for selected NET patients without extrahepatic involvement regardless of tumor grade and clinical condition.
Heterotopic pancreas in Meckel’s diverticulum causing perforation in an infant: a case report
Authors: Zhou Junjie , Zhang Hongbin , Xiang Qianming , Dong Fabiao , Sun Luyun
Published: May 2024

Perforation of Meckel’s diverticulum caused by heterotopic pancreas is a rare condition. Despite recent improvements in imaging studies, Meckel”'s diverticulitis and heterotopic pancreas are difficult to diagnose preoperatively and are often diagnosed during autopsy or laparotomy. Symptomatic patients are typically >1 year, and cases of infants displaying symptoms are rarely reported. We report a rare case of heterotopic pancreas in Meckel’s diverticulum causing perforation in an infant. In cases of infants presenting with unexplained acute abdominal pain, there should be a high index of suspicion for congenital gastrointestinal malformations. Prompt action in the form of exploratory laparotomy or laparoscopy is crucial to prevent the escalation of complications and to definitively confirm the diagnosis.
Brachydactyly type B: a rare case report and literature review
Authors: AbuHaweeleh Mohannad Natheef , Ahmed Mohamed Badie , Al-Mohannadi Fatima Saoud , Mohamed Massoud Daw , AlSherawi Abeer
Published: May 2024

Brachydactyly is a genetic condition leading to shortened or absent digits in hands or feet. It can occur independently or as part of syndromes. This case focuses on Brachydactyly type B, the rarest form. An 8-month-old from the Philippines was referred due to a missing third toe. Examination revealed a hypoplastic left third toe. X-rays confirmed the finding. Treatment options were discussed, including conservative therapy and follow up. Diagnosis involved history, examination, and imaging. Prenatal diagnosis is limited for isolated cases but useful for syndromic forms if a family mutation is known. Prognosis varies depending on the severity and associated syndromes. Currently there is no definitive treatment; management involves genetic counseling and therapy. Due to limited cases, Type B is underreported, highlighting the need for more research into its genetics.
Immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing mastitis: an unexpected diagnosis for a breast mass
Authors: Koutsogeorgopoulou Loukia , Damaskos Christos , Garmpis Nikolaos , Effraimidou Eleni I , Psilopatis Iason , Garmpi Anna , Vrettou Kleio , Nikolettos Konstantinos , Nonni Afroditi
Published: May 2024

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease is an immune-mediated condition comprised of a number of various disorders sharing unique pathologic, serologic, and clinical features. Diagnosis of immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing mastitis is challenging as the clinical and imaging findings mimic breast malignancies or other types of inflammatory mastitis. Herein, we describe a case of a female patient with a painless palpable mass in her right breast. An excisional core biopsy led to the rare diagnosis of immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing mastitis, and the patient received steroid treatment for a month. To date, the patient has remained disease-free without any recurrence. As immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing mastitis is a very rare disease, further studies are needed to reach conclusions about the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this entity.
The Effect of Retained Hardware on Failure Among Prosthetic Joint Infections of the Knee in the Presence and Absence of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Kim Justin J , Kang HeeEun , Stewart Kathleen O
Published: May 2024

Background

The risk of failure associated with different surgical strategies for prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) among patients with and without Staphylococcus aureus is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to assess whether S. aureus modifies the association between retained hardware and failure following revision surgery for PJI of the knee.

Methods

This was a single-center retrospective cohort study of 106 first PJIs of the knee between 2016 and 2020 at a rural academic medical center. The exposure was retained hardware following revision surgery for PJI, and the outcomes were recurrent infection, any infection, and a composite outcome including any infection, unplanned revision, failure to undergo reimplantation, amputation, or death within 2 years of revision. We used negative binomial regression to quantify the association between the exposure and outcome and to assess the presence of S. aureus as an effect modifier.

Results

Retained hardware was significantly associated with failure when defined as recurrent infection among S. aureus PJI (adjusted risk difference [aRD], 0.38; 95% CI, 0.12–0.64) but not in the absence of S. aureus (aRD, −0.02; 95% CI, −0.17 to 0.13), and S. aureus was an effect modifier (Pinteraction = .01).

Conclusions

We report a significant association between the presence of retained hardware and recurrent infection among S. aureus PJI of the knee, but not for non–S. aureus PJI. This could help inform the surgical management of PJI of the knee in cases where the microbiology is known before surgery.
The Case for Banning Cousin Marriage
Authors: Nash Patrick S
Published: May 2024

This article presents the universal case for banning cousin marriage regardless of jurisdiction or culture. It is intended both as a resource—the relevant facts and opposing arguments will be set out plainly for reference purposes—and a legal argument which seeks to demonstrate that the weight of evidence concerning this poorly understood practice supports outright prohibition. Accordingly, the article is divided into five parts. The introduction briefly outlines the key controversies within the field of comparative consanguinity law and signposts the way forward. There follows an examination of the modern definition and distribution of cousin marriage to establish its current prevalence and key trends, before an explanation of the consequences resulting from its practice and factors contributing to consanguineous preferences. The article then takes an analytical turn to assess five common arguments against banning cousin marriage proceeding from, respectively, (i) human rights, (ii) prejudice, (iii) custom, (iv) choice, and (v) proportionality. Having factored in the relevant medical, social, historical, and geopolitical evidence throughout, it concludes by arguing the case in favour of a ban with specific proposals as to its justification and recommended scope, substance, and implementation.
Care for children and youth with cerebral palsy (GMFCS levels III to V)
Authors: McLeod Scott , Makino Amber , Kawamura Anne
Published: May 2024

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common physical disability in Canadian children. The comprehensive care of ambulatory children with CP functioning at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I and II was covered in a previous practice point. This companion document focuses on the care of children with CP functioning at GMFCS levels III to V. Children functioning at GMFCS level III and IV mobilize using devices such as a walker, canes, or powered mobility, while those functioning at GMFCS level V require assisted mobility, such as a manual wheelchair. An overview of key concepts in early detection, rehabilitation services, and therapeutic options for children with CP at these levels is provided, along with practical resources to assist health surveillance for paediatricians caring for this population.
Health consequences of disasters: Advancing disaster data science
Authors: Colf Leremy A , McAleavy Tony
Published: May 2024

Understanding the health effects of disasters is critical for effective preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. However, research is negatively impacted by both the limited availability of disaster data and the difficulty of identifying and utilizing disaster-specific and health data sources relevant to disaster research and management. In response to numerous requests from disaster researchers, emergency managers, and operational response organizations, 73 distinct data sources at the intersection of disasters and health were compiled and categorized. These data sources generally cover the entire United States, address both disasters and health, and are available to researchers at little or no cost. Data sources are described and characterized to support improved research and guide evidence-based decision making. Current gaps and potential solutions are presented to improve disaster data collection, utilization, and dissemination.
Comparative genome analysis reveals driving forces behind Monkeypox virus evolution and sheds light on the role of ATC trinucleotide motif
Authors: Agarwal Preeti , Shukla Nityendra , Bhatia Ajay , Mahfooz Sahil , Narayan Jitendra
Published: May 2024

Monkeypox (MPOX), a zoonotic disease originating in Western and Central Africa in 1970, has seen a recent surge in outbreaks across 100+ countries. A comparative analysis of 404 Monkeypox virus (MPXV) genomes revealed notable changes in microsatellite abundance and density, especially within Clades I, IIa, and IIb. Each clade exhibited unique microsatellite motifs, with twenty-six conserved loci specific to MPXV, suggesting their potential as molecular markers in diagnostics. Additionally, nine genes in the MPXV genome featured ten variable hotspot microsatellite regions associated with surface protein synthesis and host control. Notably, gene OPG153, especially at the SSR locus ‘(ATC)n’, exhibited the most pronounced variations among lineages over time and plays a role in virus pathogenesis within the host cell. These findings not only enhance our understanding of MPXV unique molecular profile but also offer valuable insights into potential pathogenic and evolutionary implications.
Holistic Wellness Support Systems for Nursing Faculty: A Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Black Ipuna Estavillo , Perry LaTricia , Lee Hyunhwa
Published: May 2024

AIM

This scoping literature review was conducted to determine what is currently known about holistic wellness support systems (HWSSs) for nursing faculty.

BACKGROUND

The nurse faculty shortage has contributed to the national nursing shortage. Providing nurse faculty an HWSS may help grow the faculty pipeline.

METHOD

Five electronic databases and Google Scholar were searched using key words related to the research question. Literature published from 2003 to 2023 was included. Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews were used to conduct this review.

RESULTS

The search strategy found 1,525 potential publications; five articles were included in the review. The five wellness support systems strived to create a more cohesive, positive, and healthy work environment for nurse faculty.

CONCLUSION

This review provides a solid inventory of nursing faculty wellness support systems and identifies gaps in areas of wellness and research that could be supported.
Surgical Arthroscopy With Intra-articular Hyaluronic Acid/Alginate Adjunct in the Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis
Authors: Bridges Tiffany N. , McCahon Joseph A. , Parekh Selene G.
Published: May 2024

Ankle osteoarthritis is a debilitating condition, resulting in severe pain and limited function. Patients who fail conservative management may pursue arthroscopic debridement or advanced reconstructive procedures. Biological adjuncts such as hyaluronic acid can be used alone or in conjunction with surgical intervention. Their use alone has been shown to improve pain and function. We present a surgical technique using a hyaluronic acid-alginate adjunct, VersaWrap, during arthroscopic treatment of ankle osteoarthritis.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV.
Treatment of oligo-metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma to the liver: is there a role for surgery? A narrative review
Authors: Giuliante Felice , Panettieri Elena , Campisi Andrea , Coppola Alessandro , Vellone Maria , De Rose Agostino M. , Ardito Francesco
Published: May 2024

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a prognostically unfavorable malignancy that presents with distant metastases at the time of diagnosis in half of patients. Even if patients with metastatic PDAC have not been traditionally considered candidates for surgery, an increasing number of researchers have been investigating the efficacy of surgical treatment for patients with liver-only oligometastases from PDAC, showing promising results in extremely selected patients, mainly with metachronous metastases after perioperative chemotherapy. Nevertheless, a standardized definition of oligometastatic disease should be adopted and additional investigations focusing on the role of perioperative chemotherapy and tumor biology are warranted to reliably assess the role of resection for PDAC metastatic to the liver.
Systemic immune-inflammatory index and its association with female sexual dysfunction, specifically low sexual frequency, in depressive patients: Results from NHANES 2005 to 2016
Authors: Qing Guangwei , He Hao , Lai Minghao , Li Xue , Chen Yan , Wei Bo
Published: May 2024

Sexual dysfunction, particularly in females, is a complex issue influenced by various factors, including depression and inflammation. The Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), an inflammatory biomarker, has shown associations with different health conditions, but its relationship with female sexual dysfunction (FSD) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between SII and FSD in the context of depression, utilizing low sexual frequency as an assessment indicator. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005 to 2016, involving 1042 depressed female participants, were analyzed. FSD, indicated by low sexual frequency, and SII, derived from complete blood count results, were assessed. Logistic regression and subgroup analyses were conducted, considering demographic and health-related factors. A total of 1042 individuals were included in our analysis; 11.5163% of participants were categorized as having FSD, which decreased with the higher SII tertiles (tertile 1, 13.8329%; tertile 2, 13.5447%; tertile 3, 7.1839%; p for trend < 0.0001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed a significant negative association between SII and FSD [0.9993 (0.9987, 0.9999)]. This negative association in a subgroup analysis is distinctly and significantly present in the Mexican American subgroup [0.9959 (0.9923, 0.9996)], while it does not reach statistical significance in other racial categories. Furthermore, the association between SII and FSD was nonlinear; using a 2-segment linear regression model, we found a U-shaped relationship between SII and FSD with an inflection point of 2100 (1000 cells/µL). In summary, in depressed individuals, a higher SII is independently associated with a decreased likelihood of FSD, emphasizing the potential role of inflammation in female sexual health.
Effectiveness of homogenized nursing care intervention in postoperative bladder irrigation of urological system in primary hospitals—Taking the incidence of postoperative complications as an example: A retrospective study
Authors: Wang Lingying , Wang Hong , Fang Shayu , Yao Minye
Published: May 2024

To explore the effect of homogenized nursing interventions for bladder irrigation after urological surgery in primary hospitals, and to further analyze the incidence of postoperative complications according to the different nursing methods. The experiment selected 110 patients with urological disorders who underwent bladder irrigation, and the subjects were admitted to the hospital from January 2020 to October 2023. The subjects were chronologically divided into a control group and an experimental group, with the admission time of the control group being between between January 2020 and October 2022. The experimental group was admitted between October 2022 and October 2023. Conventional nursing care and homogenized nursing care were used respectively, and the intervention effect of homogenized nursing care was assessed by comparing the patients’ psychological state indexes, vital characteristic indexes, and the incidence of various postoperative complications under the 2 interventions. None of the indicators were statistically significant before the nursing intervention. In the comparison of nursing satisfaction and clinical comfort, the experimental group’s nursing satisfaction was 94.5% and clinical comfort was 90.9%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group. In the comparison of the incidence of postoperative complications, the incidence of urinary retention in the experimental group was 1.82%, which was significantly lower than that of the control group. In addition, the total incidence of complications in the experimental group was 1.82%, which proved that the homogenized nursing intervention was effective in reducing the complications after urinary bladder irrigation. In multifactorial logistic regression analysis, after homogenized nursing intervention. The relative risks of the 4 complications were 1.836, 1.445, 1.993, and 2.138, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of conventional nursing intervention. In the ROC analysis, the AUC values of the 4 complications were 0.832, 0.731, 0.746, and 0.723, respectively. proving the superiority of homogenized care in preventing postoperative complications. Homogenized nursing intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative complications in patients with urological postoperative bladder irrigation, improve patients’ symptoms and prognosis, and improve the quality of care and patients’ quality of life.
Relationship between postpartum psychological disorders and emotion regulation strategies: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Rui , Liang Meng-Yao , Wu Yue , Zheng Xiao-feng , Ma Lu , Song Hong
Published: May 2024

To explore the relationship between postpartum psychological disorders and emotion regulation strategies and analyze the influencing factors of postpartum psychological disorders. This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design. A total of 230 postpartum women hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from October 2022 to March 2023 were selected as the investigation objects. A general data questionnaire, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were administered to the enrolled women. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the association between the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Furthermore, logistic regression was employed to assess the influencing factors of postpartum psychological disorders. Pearson correlation analysis showed that cognitive reappraisal was negatively correlated and expression inhibition was positively associated with anxiety, depression, and sleep quality symptoms (all P < .05). Logistic regression results demonstrated that the mode of delivery, number of births, feeding method, and pressure to breastfeed were risk factors affecting postpartum psychological disorders (P < .05). Cognitive reappraisal is an effective emotion regulation strategy that can relieve postpartum psycho-neurological symptoms by reducing the symptoms of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders. Along with encouraging pregnant women to adopt positive emotional regulation strategies, medical personnel should focus on the stress associated with cesarean section, artificial feeding, and pressure to breastfeed and adopt required intervention measures to decrease the occurrence of postpartum psychological and neurological symptoms.
Systematic overview of intraosseous access versus intravenous delivery for emergency resuscitation: Efficacy and quality of existing evidence
Authors: Zhang Jiange , Ren Ying , Han Xu , Zou Qi , Liu Weihua , Guo Yunfei , Han Shuyu , Cheng Yanwei , Zang Shuting
Published: May 2024

Background:

The impact of intraosseous (IO) access on resuscitation outcomes, as compared to intravenous (IV) administration, is subject to ongoing debate. This review aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the methodological, reporting, and evidence quality of existing Systematic Reviews/Meta-Analyses (SRs/MAs) on IO use during resuscitation.

Methods:

Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a strategic literature search to identify pertinent SRs/MAs published up until May 6th, 2023. After an extensive screening process, 4 SRs/MAs were included for review. We used the A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews-2 tool for assessing methodological quality, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist for evaluating reporting quality, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework for examining the quality of evidence.

Results:

The assessment revealed high methodological quality across all the included SRs/MAs but showed significant variability in the quality of evidence. The studies offered conflicting findings on the impact of IO access on resuscitation outcomes such as return of spontaneous circulation, survival rates at hospital discharge, and favorable neurological outcomes. Some studies suggested an association of IO access with poorer outcomes, while others indicated no significant difference between IO and IV routes.

Conclusions:

Despite the perceived utility of IO access when IV access is unachievable, the impact of IO on survival, return of spontaneous circulation, and neurological outcomes remains ambiguous due to the inconsistency in the existing evidence. This review underscores the critical need for more rigorous and consistent primary research in this area to strengthen clinical guidelines and improve patient outcomes.
The value of abPG-SGA in the nutritional risk screening of patients with malignant tumors
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Zhang Ying , Du Yunyi , Wu Qian , Wu Xiaoyu , Hu Wenqing , Zong Liang , Li Xurong , Zhao Jun
Published: May 2024

Nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS2002) is a commonly used tool for screening the risk of malnutrition in hospitalized patients, while patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) is a nutritional assessment tool for malignant tumor patients. However, there are still gaps in the rapid nutritional risk screening methods for cancer patients. We aimed to evaluate the value of abridged scored patient-generated subjective global assessment (abPG-SGA) for nutritional risk screening and prognosis in cancer patients. The NRS 2002 and abPG-SGA scores of 100 malignant tumor patients hospitalized in our department in December 2020 were collected. Take NRS2002 ≥ 3 as the positive standard (risk of malnutrition). Data were analyzed using Kappa test, ROC curves, cut-off values and Kaplan–Meier. In the screening of 100 patients, 25.0% of patients were at risk of malnutrition (NRS2002), abPG-SGA yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 92.0% and 72.0%, respectively (area under curve [AUC] = 0.884, cut-off value ≥ 4.5); In the screening of patients with digestive system malignancies, 22.6% of patients were at risk of malnutrition (NRS2002), and the sensitivity and specificity of abPG-SGA were 91.67% and 87.80%, respectively (AUC = 0.945, cut-off value ≥ 5.5). The results of survival analysis showed that the overall survival (OS) of patients with abPG-SGA ≥ 5 and < 5, NRS2002 ≥ 3 and abPG-SGA < 5, NRS2002 < 3 and abPG-SGA ≥ 5 were significantly different (P < .0001), the OS of patients with NRS2002 ≥ 3 and abPG-SGA ≥ 5, NRS2002 < 3 and abPG-SGA < 5 were not significantly different (P > .05). Like NRS2002, abPG-SGA can also be used for malnutrition screening and prognosis judgment in cancer patients. It can quickly screen out cancer patients who may be at risk of malnutrition and facilitate the development of nutritional assessments.
Efficacy and safety of Huangkui capsule for diabetic nephropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yuandong , Wu Cui , Song Chaoqun , Liu Shilin , Nan Zheng
Published: May 2024

Background:

To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Huangkui capsule (HKC) in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Methods:

A computerized search of 8 online databases, CNKI, VIP, WANGFANG, CBM, ChiCTR, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library, was conducted from the time of database construction to June 23, 2023, and randomized controlled trials of HKC for the treatment of DN were included according to the predefined screening criteria. Literature quality was evaluated with the help of Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, and data were analyzed by STATA/MP17 and RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:

A total of 1543 articles were retrieved, and 45 studies were finally included, all in Chinese, with a total sample size of 4297 cases, including 2168 cases in the experimental group and 2129 cases in the control group, and the quality of all the included studies was generally low. Meta-analysis showed that (1) efficacy: effective rate: [relative risk = 1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.20, 1.29), P < .001], SCR: [standard mean difference (SMD) = −1.19, 95% CI (−1.47, −0.91), P < .001], 24 h-UTP: [SMD = −1.27, 95% CI (−1.66, −0.88), P < .001]. Other renal function, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory factors related indicators improved compared with the control group. But in the outcome index of estimated glomerular filtration rate, the addition of HKC did not have an advantage over conventional treatment alone. Estimated glomerular filtration rate: [SMD = −0.21, 95% CI (−0.80, 0.39), P = .50]. (2) Safety: There was no statistical significance in the incidence of adverse reactions between the study group with the addition of HKC and the control group.

Conclusion:

The clinical efficacy and safety of DN treated with the combination of HKC is better than that of conventional western medicine alone, but to better evaluate the efficacy and safety of HKC as an adjunctive intervention for DN, more rigorously designed large-sample, multicenter randomized controlled trials are needed to provide evidence support in the future.