bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Autophagy by 3-Methyladenine restricts Murine Cytomegalo virus Replication
Authors: Zhang Xinyan , Zhang Linlin , Bi Yidan , Xi Ting , Zhang Zhan , Huang Yuan , Lu Yuanyuan , Liu Xinglou , Fang Feng
Published: July 2020

Background:Cytomegalovirus (CMV) could induce autophagy early upon infection, which might have an impact on virus replication and the survival of host cells. The purpose ofthe present study was to determine how autophagy effects virus replication and whether it is associated with caspase-3 dependent apoptosis duringmurine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection. Methods:The eyecup isolated from adultC57BL/6J mice (6-8 weeks old) and mouse embryo fibroblast cells (MEFs) were cultured and infected with MCMV K181 strain, following by treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA)or rapamycin to block or activate autophagy.Immunofluorescence staining and western blot were used to detect the expression of early antigen (EA) of MCMV, autophagy and cell death related factors. Plaque assay was performed to detect the virus titer in different groups. TUNEL assay was used to measure the percentage of cell death.Results: Results showed that autophagy was induced at 24,72 and 96hours post infection (hpi)with MCMV in MEFs. In the eyecup culture, it also showed that autophagy was induced at 4 and 7days post infection (dpi).In addition, caspase-3 dependent apoptosis and receptor-interacting kinase 1/ receptor-interacting kinase 3/mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL) dependent necroptosis were induced by MCMV infection in eyecup.In MEFs, caspase-3 dependent apoptosis was inhibited, whileRIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL dependent necroptosis was activated with MCMV infection. Once treatment with 3-MA, there were significantly less active virus particles released in MEFs and eyecup, also EA expression was significantly inhibited in the eyecup. However, treatment with rapamycin have no such significant influence on either virus titer or EA expression in MEFs and eyecup. Furthermore, cleaved caspase-3 was elevated, while RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway was inhibited with treatment of 3-MA both in MEFs and eyecup. Conclusion:Inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA could both restrict virus replication and promote caspase-3 dependent apoptosis in the eyecup and MEFs with MCMV infection.It can be explained that on the early periodof MCMV infection, suppressed autophagy process directly reduced virus release.Thereafter, caspase-3 dependent apoptosis was activated and resulted in decreased virus replication.
Bi-parametric MRI/TRUS fusion targeted repeat biopsy after systematic 10-12 core TRUS-guided biopsy reveals more significant prostate cancer especially in anteriorly located tumours
Authors: Häggman Michael , Ahlberg Mats , Dahlman Pär , Liss Per , Ahlman Rafaele Cantera , Röbeck Pontus , Dragomir Anca , Jorulf Håkan , Ladjevardi Sam
Published: July 2020

Background

To demonstrate possible advantages with Bi-parametric MRI fusion-guided repeat biopsy over systematic 10-12-core biopsy for diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Methods

All patients who underwent fusion guided biopsy between February 2015 to February 2017 were included. Four hundred twenty-three consecutive men, with previous systematic10-12-core TRUS-guided biopsy, with suspicion of or low-risk prostate cancer underwent fusion-guided prostate biopsy. The material was retrospectively assessed. In 220 cases no previous cancer was diagnosed and in 203 cases confirmatory fusion guided biopsy was performed prior to active monitoring. MRI was done and classified according to PI-RADS. Region of Interest (ROI) was marked. Systematic biopsy was compared to fusion guided biopsy for detection of cancer, as well as PI-RADS was compared to Gleason score.
Results

Fusion guided biopsy detected significantly more cancers than systematic (p < 0.001). Gleason scores were higher in the fusion biopsy group (p < 0,001). PI-RADS score correlated with the presence of cancer in fusion biopsies. PI-RADS 2 yielded 19% cancer and PI-RADS 3 56%, PI-RADS 4–5 were cancerous in 83%. Only 3 out of 53 biopsies from PI-RADS 2 lesions showed high grade cancer (Gleason score 4 + 3 and higher) compared to 10/133 (7,5%) from PI-RADS 3 lesions and 54/239 (23%) from PI-RADS 4–5.
Conclusion

These results show superior detection rate and grading of bi-parametric MRI/TRUS fusion targeted repeat biopsy over systematic 10–12 core biopsies. Fusion guided biopsy detects more significant cancers despite using fewer cores. There is significant impact on known cases of low-risk PCa with change of risk group for many patients initially selected for active surveillance.
Performance of RIPASA and AIR scores in an Egyptian subset of patients with suspected diagnosis of acute Appendicitis
Authors: Faisal Mohamed , Bayoumi Ahmed A , Bakr Ahmed Abo , Edlehamre Marcus , Khaled Islam
Published: July 2020

Background

Early and definitive acute appendicitis (AA) diagnosis remains a great challenge in clinical practice worldwide. Currently, several risk scores are available for the clinical assessment of AA, although there are differences in their accuracy rates.

Aim

To assess and analyze the accuracy of the acute inflammatory response (AIR) and Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis (RIPASA) scores in an Egyptian population.

Methods

A series of 310 patients, 61% male with a median age of 18 years, with Rt. Iliac fossa pain were clinically evaluated for suspicion of AA. All patients were assessed using both the AIR and RIPASA scores. Following evaluation, all patients underwent appendectomy. A final diagnosis of AA was based on histopathology. Two predetermined cutoff values for the AIR score and one cutoff value for the RIPASA score was evaluated for sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.

Results

The sensitivities of the RIPASA score cutoff value of ≥7.5 and AIR score cutoff values of >4 and >8 were 83.8%, 92.2%, and 33.1%, accordingly, while the specificities were 69.2%, 76.7%, and 84.6%, respectively. AIR score of >4 (91%) was more accurate compared to AIR score of >8 (37.4%) and RIPASA score of ≥7.5 (82.5%).

Conclusion

An AIR score of >4 had better sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy compared to a RIPASA score of ≥7.5 for the Egyptian population. However, an AIR score of >8 was more specific.
Erythropoietin Promotes the Differentiation of Fetal Neural Stem Cells into Glial Cells Partly via EPOR-βCR/Syne-1/H3K9me3 Pathway
Authors: Zhang Sijia , Wang Rongliang , Li Fangfang , Tao Zhen , Yang Zhenhong , Zhao Haiping , Luo Yumin
Published: July 2020

Erythropoietin (EPO) treatment has achieved a remarkable improvement of cognition in neonatal hypoxic-ischae mic encephalopathy (HIE) in clinical settings, however, it did not lower the severe neurodevelopmental impairment to extremely preterm infants, however, the primary cause of this discrepant phenomenon is still puzzling. Here, we explore the effect of EPO on post-hypoxic neurogenesis using fetal neural stem cells (NSCs)/neural progenitors (NPs) and whether the effect is mediated by EPOR/βCR heteromimer. Fetal NSCs/NPs was treated with EPO at different time point after oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation of NSCs/NPs were detected by CellTiter-Glo, Edu assay, flow cytometry and RT-PCR. We found that EPO treatment at different time point increased the cell viability without affecting the proliferation. EPO treatment immediately after OGD/R promoted the oligodendrocyte and astrocyte differentiation, while decreased neuronal differentiation of NSCs/NPs. Furthermore, immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation proved the existence of EPOR/βCR heterodimer on NSCs/NPs, and EPO treatment significantly increase the mRNA expression of βCR and elevated the correlation between levels of EPOR and βCR. Moreover, EPOR and βCR receptors were both correlated with markers of oligodendrocytes. In addition, mass spectrometer analysis identified Syne-1 as one downstream signaling of EPOR/βCR heterodimer. Immunofluorescence and western blot indicated that βCR/Syne-1/H3K9me3 pathway was possibly involved in the function of EPO. Collectively, our data revealed that EPO treatment immediately after OGD/R was not a good time point for neurogenesis, and EPO could promote the formation of EPOR/βCR on fetal NSCs/NPs which mediates its function on glia differentiation.
A Pilot Study of the Ultrathin Cryoprobe in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Pulmonary Ground-Glass Opacity Lesions
Authors: Liu Xiaojun , Jiang Simin , Chen Junxiang , Ma Haifeng , Xie Fangfang , Sun Jiayuan
Published: July 2020

Background: It is very difficult to obtain samples of peripheral pulmonary ground-glass opacity lesions (GGOs) by traditional transbronchial biopsy. This study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and safety of transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBCB) for GGOs by a newly developed ultrathin cryoprobe whose outer diameter was 1.1 mm.Methods: Twenty patients with 23 GGOs received TBCB using the ultrathin cryoprobe were retrospectively analyzed from October 2018 to November 2019 in Shanghai Chest Hospital. TBCB was performed under the guidance of virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN), electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB), endobronchial ultrasound and fluoroscopy. We collected baseline information of subjects, reported diagnostic yield and complications, analyzed factors may affect the diagnostic yield.Results: Twenty-three GGOs (12 pure GGOs, 11 mixed GGOs), with an average diameter of 21.58 ± 11.88mm, received TBCB and the diagnostic yield was 82.61% (19/23). Of the 19 GGOs diagnosed by TBCB, 12 were adenocarcinoma, 5 were inflammation, one was occupational interstitial lung disease, one was pulmonary meningothelial-like nodule. The undiagnosed 4 lesions confirmed to be adenocarcinomas by further analysis. None of the factors, including size (GGOs ≥ 20mm, GGOs < 20mm), navigation (VBN, ENB), fluoroscopic visibility (visible, invisible), GGO-component (pure GGOs, mixed GGOs) and guide sheath (K-201, K203), changed the diagnostic yield. No pneumothorax or severe hemorrhage presented.Conclusions: The ultrathin cryoprobe is feasible and safe for the diagnosis of pulmonary GGOs with high diagnostic yield, which provided a huge potential tool for the diagnosis of GGOs, especially for those suspicious of early-stage lung cancer.Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov. No: NCT03716284. Registered: 20 October, 2018. URL: Clinical Trials.gov.
Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Dynamic [18F]FAZA PET Imaging in Pancreatic Cancer Patient
Authors: Li Fiona , Taylor Edward , Yeung Ivan , Jaffray David , Metser Ur , Dhani Neesha , Hedley David W , Lee Ting-Yim
Published: July 2020

Purpose

This study assessed the pharmacokinetics of the hypoxia PET tracer, [18F]fluoroazomycin arabinoside ([18F]FAZA), in pancreatic cancer (PCa) patients and determined the optimal kinetic parameters to distinguish cancerous from normal pancreatic tissue.

Method

Twenty patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma underwent dynamic [ 18 F]FAZA scans. The tissue time activity curve (TAC) was analyzed using graphical methods to determine reversibility of tracer binding and with standard compartment (S2TC) model and flow modified two tissue compartment (F2TC) model, developed to incorporate transit time of tracer through the blood vessel, to estimate the kinetic parameters. The optimal parameter set to distinguish hypoxic tumors from normal tissues was determined using logistic regression.

Results

Both graphical and kinetic model analysis indicated that tracer was reversibly bound. According to the Akaike Information Criteria, the F2TC model fitted the tumor TAC better than the S2TC model. Total distribution volume, V T , estimated by the F2TC model for both tumor and normal pancreatic tissue was not significant but that estimated by the S2TC model was significantly different from Logan graphical analysis. The extravascular distribution volume ( DV ) and tracer dissociation rate constant ( k 4 ) can classify hypoxic PCa from normal tissue with sensitivity of 95% and negative predictive value of 89% (P<0.01).

Conclusions

Kinetic analysis of dynamic [ 18 F]FAZA PET can distinguish PCa from normal tissue with high sensitivity. The reversibility of [ 18 F]FAZA binding in hypoxic cells could be due to glutathionylation of the nitroreductase reduced products and their subsequent efflux from same cells via the ATP mediated multidrug resistant protein (MRP-1) efflux pump.
Identification of an appropriate cell line for the renal cell carcinoma model
Authors: Chang In Youb , Ohn Takbum , Moon Daeun , Maeng Young Hee , Jang Bo Gun , Yoon Sang-Pil
Published: July 2020

Background

Although renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is known to be susceptible to ferroptosis, we found primary RCC cells showed resistance to ferroptosis and aimed to investigate a feasible candidate for an appropriate cell line for the RCC model.

Methods

Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) immunostaining was adopted in the RCC tissue microarrays. Normal human proximal tubule cells (HK-2) and RCC cell lines were used for the MTT assay, Western blotting, sphere-forming assay, and orthotopic injection of athymic Balb/c-nude mice.

Results

GPX4 immunostaining showed low intensity compared to the normal kidney, which coincided with the ferroptosis-susceptibility of RCC. Primary RCC cell lines (Caki-2, SNU-333, SNU-349, and SNU-1272) showed resistance to 5-fluorouracil and a GPX4 inhibitor compared to the HK-2 cells and to metastatic RCC cells (Caki-1). The Caki-2 cells showed increased GPX4 and xCT, and the SNU-333 cells showed increased ferritin heavy chain (FTH1) compared to the other RCC cells. The Caki-2 cells showed increased aSMA, fibronectin, vimentin, and SNAIL, and the SNU-333 cells showed increased aSMA, E-cadherin, and EpCAM. The Caki-2 cells showed increased Sox-2 and CD105, and the SNU-333 cells showed increased c-Myc and Lgr5. The Caki-1 and SNU-333 cells formed spheres in vitro and orthotopic RCC masses in vivo. The injected SNU-333 tumor only showed high intensities of CD10 and PAX8, consistent with the diagnostic criteria for RCC.

Conclusions

The primary RCC cell lines used in this study were more resistant to ferroptosis and 5-fluorouracil, and the SNU-333 cells showed tumor-initiating capacities in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that SNU-333 might be suitable as a orthotopic RCC model for future research.
Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of Gastric Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors: Wang Yajie , Wen Bei , Tian Shubo , Dong Kangdi , Liu Yuan , Zhang Hui , Li Leping
Published: July 2020

Purpose: We performed a retrospective study to investigate the relationship between clinicopathological features and prognosis of G-NEN.Methods: Clinicopathological features and follow-up data of 67 patients with G-NEN treated at Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated of Shandong University were analyzed retrospectively. Results: This whole cohort included 53 males and 14 females, with a mean age of 59.37±9.80 years. The clinical symptoms and the primary tumor site were not specific. Neuroendocrine tumor, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and mixed neuroendocrine–non‐neuroendocrine neoplasm accounted for 14.93%, 59.70%, and 25.37%, respectively. TNM stages Ⅰ-Ⅳ: 6, 6, 49, 4, respectively. All patients underwent surgically treated. Forty-five patients underwent laparoscopic surgery, and twenty-two patients received an open approach. The median survival time was 36 months in all patients. The overall survival rate for the entire cohort was 68.1 %, 44.7 %, and 34.5% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the invasive depth of tumors was predictors for metastasis. The univariate analysis confirmed that smoking, T stage, distant metastasis, and surgical method were related to survival. COX regression analysis showed that the T stage (HR=4.817, 95%CI: 1.021-22.729, P=0.047) was an independent risk factor for evaluating the prognosis of patients with G-NEN.Conclusions: G-NEN is a kind of rare tumors that can occur at any part of the stomach. The clinical features are not specific. The tumor invasive depth related to tumor metastasis. The prognosis is associated with smoking, T stage, distant metastasis, and surgical method. Of them, T stage is an independent prognostic factor for G-NEN patients. But larger studies are needed in the future.
Infant’s safety in cesarean section surgery: a meta-synthesis
Authors: Ghafouri Raziyeh , Yaghmaei Minoo , Khodadadi Sepideh
Published: July 2020

Background Patient safety is the most important clinical priority, especially in high-risk groups such as infants. Neonatal safety after a C-section is more challenging because despite all efforts and guidelines, patient safety is still a major challenge in the operating room. This meta-synthesis study aimed to investigate the factors affecting neonatal safety during a C-section and to provide improved strategies. Methods This systematic review was carried out through meta-synthesis. A total of 112 articles were found and finally, 37 articles were selected for research after review. The articles were first reviewed by title and abstract and those which met the inclusion criteria were entered into the study. The inclusion criteria were papers in English and Persian, relevance to neonatal safety and being published before 2019. Exclusion criteria were papers that were not relevant to safety or neonate. In the next step, the quality of the articles was reviewed simultaneously by two separate researchers using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology" STROBE" and consolidated standards of reporting t rials "CONSORT" Review Guidelines. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Results The most important risk factors of neonatal safety during a C-section included anemia due to early cord clamping, jaundice due to delayed cord clamping, nosocomial infection, hypothermia and hyperthermia, inappropriate positioning of the infant, fall, medication error, operative damage and error in registering infants identity. Conclusion For improvement of neonatal safety during C-section, it is important to consider teamwork, team and interdisciplinary continuous training through simulation, accurate identification of mothers and accurate registration of mothers and infants' identity on the identification band, accurate medication and right dosage, safely carrying and sleeping, observing infection control tips, maintaining operating room temperature and humidity, cord clamping after 30 seconds before birth and 2 minutes after birth.
Successful treatment of a critically ill patient with COVID-19 using tocilizumab and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: a case report
Authors: Ye Lei , Wen Ji-Qiu , He Song-Qing , Xu Yong-Chun , Hong Yuan-Cheng , Wang Fang-Yu , Liu Jiong
Published: July 2020

Background

A worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has drawn global attention. However, up to now, no standard and effective therapy are available.

Case presentation

A 62-year-old man with a history of hypertension and diabetes was diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia. He suffered from obvious shortness of breath and severe hyoxemia. Normal treatments like supportive therapy and antiviral drugs didn’t seem to improve his conditions. Then, he was given tocilizumab and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. After that, his respiratory symptoms and lung infectious lesions gradually subsided, and he was successfully discharged eventually.

Conclusions

For critically ill COVID-19 patients, immunological treatment like tocilizumab human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells should be considered.
A Survey of Rose rosette virus and Eriophyid Mites Associated with Roses in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Solo Katherine M. , Collins Sara B. , Shires Madalyn K. , Ochoa Ron , Bauchan Gary R. , Schneider Liesel G. , Henn Alan , Jacobi James C. , Williams-Woodward Jean L. , Hajimorad M.R. , Hale Frank A. , Wilkerson John B. , Windham Alan S. , Ong Kevin L. , Paret Mathews L. , Martini Xavier , Byrne David H. , Windham Mark T.
Published: July 2020

The eriophyid mite, Phyllocoptes fructiphilus, vectors the causal agent, Rose rosette virus (RRV), that results in rose rosette disease. Parts of the southeastern United States have remained free of the disease, except for infected plant material introductions that were eradicated. A survey of sampling points through Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi (n = 204) revealed the southeastern border of RRV. The presence of RRV in symptomatic plant tissue samples (n = 39) was confirmed by TaqMan-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Samples were also collected at every plot for detection of eriophyid mites, specifically for P. fructiphilus. Three different species of eriophyid mites were found to be generally distributed throughout Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi. Most of these sites (n = 60) contained P. fructiphilus, found further south than previously thought, but in low populations (<10 mites/gram of tissue) south of the RRV line of incidence. Latitude was found to be significantly correlated with the probability of detecting RRV-positive plants, but plant hardiness zones were not. Plot factors such as plant size, wind barriers, and sun exposure were found to have no effect on P. fructiphilus or the presence of RRV. The reason for the absence of RRV and low populations of P. fructiphilus in this southeast region of the United States are unclear.
EFFECT OF CISPLATIN ON HEMOSTASIS IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
Authors: Filonova M. V. , Fedorova E. P. , Dubskaya T. Yu. , Neupokoeva O. V. , Churin A. A.
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Thrombotic complications caused by the tumor and consequences of its treatment are the leading causes of death in cancer patients. The development of a model for the pathology of hemostasis, in particular the excessive pathological clot formation, in the laboratory animals receiving antitumor agents, could help find new pharmacological methods for correcting hemostatic disorders.

The purpose of the study was to study the effect of cisplatin on the blood coagulation system in mice and rats.

Results. An experiment using outbred mice showed that the levels of PT-INR and aPTT were decreased and the level of fibrinogen was increased on day 10 after administration of cisplatin in the maximum tolerated dose of 10 mg/kg. A significant decrease in the PT-INR and aPTT levels was observed on day 15 after cisplatin injection only in female mice. The cisplatin injection at a dose of 4 mg/kg resulted in a decrease in the PT-INR, and aPTT levels and an increase in fibrinogen concentration on day 10. In rats, a significant decrease in the PT and aPTT levels was observed in both females and males on day 15 after cisplatin injection.

Conclusion. A change in the PT and NIR, aPTT levels towards decrease and fibrinogen concentration towards increase indicates the initiation of thrombus formation.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE DETERMINATION OF CHEMORESISTANCE OF HUMAN CANCER CELLS TO ANTI-CANCER DRUGS
Authors: Kirsanov K. I. , Kuzin K. A. , Fetisov T. I. , Lesovaya E. A. , Belitskiy G. A. , Yakubovskaya M. G.
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the study was to analyze the existing methodological approaches to the experimental testing of resistance to chemotherapy and assess the prospects for their further application.

Material and Methods. We analyzed publications regarding the experimental testing of tumor resistance to chemotherapy available in the databases, such as SciVerse Scopus (748), PubMed (1727), Web of Science (1025), RSCI (125). To obtain fulltext publications, the electronic resources of Research Gate, RSCI, CyberLenink were used. Forty-two modern publications (2012–19) including 18 articles of the founders of the methods analyzed in the review were cited.

Results. The review discusses the characteristics of the main methods for assessing the resistance / sensitivity of tumor cells obtained from biopsy / surgical specimens to various chemotherapy drugs in vitro in monolayer and suspension cultures, in the form of spheroids, histo and organocultures, as well as in vivo xenografts of tumors in immunodeficient mice. During testing, the proliferative and metabolic activities as well as the level of cell death were considered as the main evaluated characteristics of tumor cells. The main indicators were the intensity of DNA synthesis, the level of protein or ATP in the cell, the activity of NADH-dehydrogenases, the level of apoptosis, and the integrity of cell structures. The advantages and disadvantages of the described methods, as well as the prospects for their further application were discussed.

Conclusion. Over the past half century of using the experimental testing of tumor cell resistance in order to personalize chemotherapeutic treatment, the evolution of methodological approaches was based on the increase in their safety and sensitivity through the use of fluorescent compounds. The general vector for improving experiments on the personalization of tumor chemotherapy is aimed at approximating the experimental conditions to the processes occurring in the human body. Each of these methods has its own range of predictive power and, if used properly, can provide a useful guide for treatment.
A PARADIGM SHIFT IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH RESECTABLE PANCREATIC CANCER
Authors: Antonova E. Yu. , Bazin I. S. , Garin A. M. , Pokataev I. A. , Sagaidak I. B. , Polyakov A. N. , Chihareva Y. E. , Volkov A. Yu. , Bazina I. V.
Published: July 2020

Purpose of the study was to provide medical oncologists and surgeons specializing in the treatment of pancreatic cancer patients with the most recent information on the importance and role of chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.

Material and Methods. Pubmed and COSMIC databases were used for literature search. Reports of the executive authorities in the field of Health Care of the Russian Federation, as well as worldwide data regarding morbidity and mortality of patients with pancreatic cancer were analyzed. The data of retrospective and prospective clinical trials were studied.

Results. Based on the analysis of the most recent publications, the authors provided data on modern approaches to the treatment of operable pancreatic cancer.

Conclusion. The data presented in the article summarize results of recent clinical trials. This will allow oncologists to choose the most correct and personalized tactics for the management of patients with resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.
MICRORNA IN MONITORING OF THE EVOLUTION OF GLIAL CEREBRAL TUMORS
Authors: Seliverstov R. Yu. , Zaraiskiy M. I. , Tyurin R. V. , Naryshkin A. G. , Valerko V. G. , Semiglazov V. V. , Takahachi Ch.
Published: July 2020

Glial cerebral tumors (GCT) are primary tumors of the central nervous system that develop from glial tissue. Despite the use of combination treatment, the overall median survival rate in patients with glioblastoma, the most malignant form of HCC, is low. MicroRNA is a large class of endogenous small RNA molecules that inhibit mRNA translation of target genes involved in the evolution of GCT. It was shown that miRNA-21 has antiapoptotic and invasive functions by means of silencing of the PTEN tumor suppressor. MicroRNA-128 can activate a number of genes that are responsible for the mechanisms of suppression of tumor growth. MicroRNA-342, modulating PAK4 gene expression, is involved in the control of tumor cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis.

The aim of the work was to study the feasibility of using the assessment of miRNA-21, -128 and -342 expressions in the blood plasma and saliva of patients to monitor GCT progression or stabilization during combined modality treatment.

Material and Methods. The main group consisted of 56 patients with GCTs. (34 men and 22 women), aged 25 to 72 years (average age 48.5 years) GCTs. The control group consisted of 50 people (45 volunteers and 5 neurosurgical patients with extracerebral meningiomas). The study of miRNA-21, -128, and -342 expressions was carried out according to the semiquantitative StemLoopRealTime protocol, using small U6 RNA as a reference gene. Data was processed using the STATISTICA for Windows computer system.

Results. In 70 % of patients with disease progression assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, without progression in cerebral and focal neurological signs, the expression level of miRNA21 exceeded the control values both in blood plasma and saliva, and the expression levels of miRNA-128 and -342 were significantly reduced. In patients with GCT stabilization, the expression levels of miRNA-21, -128, and -342 did not go beyond the reference values. The diagnostic significance of miRNA-128, -342 for GCT was 69 %; therefore these miRNAs can be used in a clinical setting. Thus, the increased expression of miRNA-21 and decreased expressions of miRNA-128 and -342 in both blood plasma and saliva indicate cerebral glioma progression.
Prirodnofilozofska gledišta Josipa Franje Domina u tezariju De corpore universim (1785., 1786.) ; Josip Franjo Domin
Authors: Martinović Ivica
Published: July 2020

Posljednji đerski i prvi pečuški tezarij Josipa Franje Domina, sastavljeni od 25 teza »iz eksperimentalne fizike«, a naslovljeni De corpore generatim, bili su prvi tezariji što ih je Zagrepčanin tiskao nakon što je objavio raspravu Dissertatio physica de aeris factitii genesi, natura, et utilitatibus (1784.), a izlažu jezgru prirodne filozofije u obliku nauka o ustroju tvari, temeljnim silama u prirodi i općim svojstvima tijelā, zatim mehaniku i nauk o gravitaciji te osnove kemije i astronomije. Tiskani u travnju 1785. i 1786. godine, oni označuju prijelomnicu u Dominovim prirodnofilozofskim gledištima. U đerskom tezariju 1785. Domin prvi put poimence spominje Boškovića i prvi put zadaje tezu o kemiji kao znanosti. Prvi spomen Boškovićeva prezimena podudara se s Dominovom transformacijom iz strogoga boškovićevca, kakav je bio u tezarijima od 1778. do 1784. godine, u prirodnoga fillozofa koji se nastoji izboriti za vlastite uvide. Teza o kemiji kao »znanosti podređenoj eksperimentalnoj fizici« svjedoči pak o utjecaju Dominova kompendija o kemiji plinova, ali je i programatski korak naprijed: »najjednostavnija počela« tijela Zagrepčanin naziva molekulama. U pečuškom tezariju 1786. Domin prvi put dodaje tezu o sili inercije, kamenu kušcu tadašnjih prirodnofilozofskih rasprava. Stoga oznaka »iz eksperimentalne fizike« s naslovnice tezarija ne znači da Domin isključuje prirodnu filozofiju iz svojih razmatranja, štoviše, ne znači da Domin prestaje biti filozofom prirode. Upravo obratno, kao »profesor teorijske i eksperimentalne fizike te mehanike kao i poljoprivrede« Domin se suočava s cijelim prirodnofilozofskim nasljeđem epohe, a glavni su mu sugovornici Newton, Bošković i dva boškovićevca: Leopold Biwald u Grazu i Ivan Krstitelj Horvath u Trnavi, Budimu i Pešti. Svoje stavove Domin ponekad oblikuje prema Boškovićevu tumačenju, ponekad s izričitim odmakom od Boškovića, a ponekad se vraća izvornom Newtonu.
Znanstveno-tehnički dosezi Boškovićeva metafizičkog prirodoslovlja
Authors: Letica Marito Mihovil
Published: July 2020

U ovom se radu ističe i argumentira da je Boškovićeva prirodoznanstvena teorija toliko ukorijenjena u metafizici i njome prožeta da se može ustanoviti kako je posrijedi osobiti primjer oštroumnog, domišljenog i dalekosežnog metafizičkog prirodoslovlja. Kritički se osvrćući na neutemeljena osporavanja metafizike i višestoljetne pokušaje njezina nadvladavanja, autor pokazuje da je Bošković metafizičkim mišljenjem u 18. stoljeću dospio do svog pojma jedinstvene privlačno­odbojne sile te proniknuo u strukturu tvari, čime je anticipirao, uz ostalo, teoriju relativnosti i kvantnu fiziku. Premda se Bošković izdašno i uspješno služio kvantitativnim metodama pri rješavanju problemâ iz geodezije, astronomije, optike, građevinske statike, hidrotehnike itd. – najznačajniji dijelovi njegove prirodoznanstvene ostavštine, kojima se transponirao stoljeće ili dva ispred svojega vremena, podržani su geometrijskom intuicijom i provedeni poglavito kvalitativnom metodom, odnosno metafizičkom spekulacijom. Autor k tome objašnjava da se za nastanak i razvoj elektromagnetizma odlučujućim pokazalo opisivanje elektromagnetskih pojava s pomoću Boškovićeve jedinstvene sile i njegove teorije o građi tvari, što je u posve određenom smislu istaknuo ‘otac elektromagnetizma’ James Clerk Maxwell; a do tih prirodoznanstvenih ideja Bošković nije dospio utječući se egzaktnom znanstvenom pristupu, nego metafizički zasnovanom i vođenom ‘ispravnom razmišljanju’.
Osvrt na Boškovićevo razumijevanje prostora i vremena
Authors: Pešić Roko
Published: July 2020

U radu je dan kratak osvrt na Boškovićevu misao o dvoslojnosti prostora i vremena, (i) stvarnom (aktualnom) prostoru i vremenu te (ii) matematičkom (potencijalnom) prostoru i vremenu, iz pretežito fizikalnog aspekta. U radu su navedeni primjeri moguće korespondencije spomenute Boškovićeve misli s konceptima suvremene fizike.
Je li moguća revolucija bez religijske reformacije?
Authors: Alić Sead
Published: July 2020

U središte svog propitivanja tekst stavlja Hegelovu Filozofiju povijesti, posebno završne dijelove u kojima se, među ostalim, tvrdi da se ne može očekivati mijenjanje pravnih sloboda bez oslobođenja savjesti te da je pogrešno očekivati uspješnost revolucije ne prethodi li joj religijska reformacija. Hegelove se stavove o reformaciji, revoluciji te povijesti želi kritički promisliti u svjetlu suvremenih religijskih, teoloških, filozofijskih, politologijskih, znanstvenih, ali i kulturoloških teza i istraživanja. Filozofija povijesti se ovdje promatra kao svojevrstan ključ za razumijevanje Hegelove (nerijetko hermetične) filozofijske misli. Istovremeno, želi se njegove sjajne uvide staviti u kontekst suvremenog oživljavanja fenomena religijskog/vjerskog.
Exact out-of-equilibrium steady states in the semiclassical limit of the interacting Bose gas
Authors: del Vecchio del Vecchio Giuseppe , Bastianello Alvise , De Luca Andrea , Mussardo Giuseppe
Published: July 2020

We study the out-of-equilibrium properties of a classical integrable
non-relativistic theory, with a time evolution initially prepared with a
finite energy density in the thermodynamic limit. The theory considered
here is the Non-Linear Schrödinger equation which describes the dynamics
of the one-dimensional interacting Bose gas in the regime of high
occupation numbers. The main emphasis is on the determination of the
late-time Generalised Gibbs Ensemble (GGE), which can be efficiently
semi-numerically computed on arbitrary initial states, completely
solving the famous quench problem in the classical regime. We take
advantage of known results in the quantum model and the semiclassical
limit to achieve new exact results for the momenta of the density
operator on arbitrary GGEs, which we successfully compare with ab-initio
numerical simulations. Furthermore, we determine the whole probability
distribution of the density operator (full counting statistics), whose
exact expression is still out of reach in the quantum model.
Gender specifics of emotional intelligence as a resource for successful HR- management
Authors: Lysytsia Nadiia , Byelikova Yuliya , Martynenko Maryna
Published: July 2020

Competitive advantage of any successful company is qualified personnel and intellectual capital. Thus, the work of HR-management specialists significantly affects the formation of human resources potential and hence the competitiveness of modern enterprises. In conditions of information economics, information about HR managers is in demand. Together with professional competences HR managers should use emotional intelligence which can help them to achieve success. Gender specifics of economic specialty students emotional intelligence is not studied enough that substantiates the topicality of the article. In connection with the above mentioned, research related to the study of key professional competencies and emotional intelligence of HR- managers is of particular importance. New technologies for managing behavior of employees appear every decade. As a result, new models of managerial behavior are becoming necessary, which would contribute to the development of new mechanisms for managing people. The aim of the article is to identify gender specifics of the emotional intelligence of economic specialty students as potential workers in the field of HR- management. The object of the research is phenomenon of emotional intelligence in the process of HR management. Hall’s methodology was used to assess students’ emotional intelligence. Results of emotional intelligence research conducted by Hall’s methodology allowed the authors to determine practical value of gender specifics of emotional intelligence in HR management. Gender specifics of such components of emotional intelligence (EI) as emotional awareness, management of own emotions, self-motivation, empathy, management of others’ emotions, general emotional intelligence have been analyzed. Cluster analysis has been made and allowed the authors to reveal groups of clusters among students with gender specifics of EI which may be regarded as resource for successful HR- management.
Gözebaşı Köyü (Elazığ Güneyi) Çevresindeki Yüksekova Karmaşığı’na Ait Volkanik Kayaçların Jeokimyasal Özellikleri
Authors: URAL Melek
Published: July 2020

Çalışma alanı Güneydoğu Anadolu Orojenik Kuşağı içerisinde, Elazığ İli’nin yaklaşık 30 km güneyinde yer almaktadır. Bu alandaki Üst Kretase yaşlı Yüksekova Karmaşığı volkanik kayaçları, plajiyoklas, klinopiroksen, alkali feldispat, olivin ve manyetit, ilmenit gibi opak oksit mineralleri içermektedir. Kayaçlarda, intergranüler, glomeroporfirik, hyalomikroporfirik ve amigdaloidal dokular yaygındır. Kayaçların petrografik ve jeokimyasal karakteristikleri bazaltik bileşim ve toleyitik karakteri yansıtmaktadır. Kayaç örneklerinin N-MORB’a normalize edilmiş iz element dağılımları baz alındığında; LIL elementler değişkenlik göstermekle birlikte, genel olarak HFS elementlere göre zenginleşmişlerdir. Örneklerin nadir toprak element dağılımları yatay bir desen sergilemektedir. Sonuç olarak; jeokimyasal veriler, Gözebaşı Köyü (Elazığ Güneyi) çevresindeki volkanik kayaçları veren magmanın gelişiminde dalan okyanus kabuğu katkısına ve bu kayaçların bir okyanus içi yitimle ilişkili olarak geliştiklerine işaret etmektedir.
Doğal Bir Madde Olan Nişastadan Aktif Karbon Hazırlanması, Karakterizasyonu ve Adsorbent Olarak Kullanımı
Authors: KAZAK Ömer
Published: July 2020

Bu çalışmada, doğal bir madde olan nişastadan kimyasal aktivasyon yöntemi ile aktif karbon hazırlanmıştır. Nişastanın hidrotermal karbonizasyonu sonucu karbon kürecikler elde edilmiştir. Kimyasal aktivasyon işlemi 800 oC’de NaOH ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kimyasal aktivasyonun karbon küreciklerin yapısı ve morfolojisi üzerine etkileri FT-IR, SEM ve BET ve zeta potansiyeli teknikleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Aktivasyon işlemi sonucunda, yüksek spesifik yüzey alanına (968 m2/g) sahip mikro gözenekli (0,592 cm3/g) aktif karbon elde edilmiştir. Aktif karbonun sudaki kongo kırmızısının giderimin de adsorbent olarak kullanılma potansiyeli farklı deneysel şartlar altında araştırılmıştır. Aktif karbonun kongo kırmızısı için Langmuir adsorpsiyon kapasitesi 117,65 mg/g’dir. Rejenarasyon çalışmaları aktif karbonun adsorpsiyon kapasitesinde bir değişiklik olmadan kongo kırmızısı giderimi için en az altı kez kullanılabilir olduğunu göstermiştir.
LiBr-Su Çözeltili Absorpsiyonlu Soğutma Çevriminin Soğutma Etkinliğinin Çeşitli Şartlarda Simülasyonu
Authors: ERDİNÇ Mehmet Tahir , AKTAŞ Arif Emre , YILMAZ Alper
Published: July 2020

İhmal edilebilir çevresel etkisi, oluşturduğu düşük gürültü ve titreşimi nedeniyle en çok tercih edilen sistemlerden biri absorpsiyonlu soğutma sistemleridir. Mekanik kompresörün bulunmadığı bu sistemlerde hareketli parça olarak sadece pompa bulunur. Günümüzde özellikle düşük dereceli atık ısılarından yararlanılarak soğutma elde edilmesinde tercih edilir. Yüksek kapasiteli iklimlendirme sistemlerinde yaygın olarak kullanılırlar. Ayrıca gaz türbini atık ısısından yararlanmada bu tür soğutma sistemleri kullanılmaktadır. Düşük sıcaklıktaki uygun soğutma etkinliği katsayıları nedeniyle LiBr - Su sistemleri tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, LiBr-Su çözeltili absorpsiyonlu soğutma çevriminin bütün noktaları belirlenmiş ve çeşitli durumlara bağlı olarak soğutma etkinliğinin hesaplanması yapılmıştır. 50 kW’lık bir sistem için, soğutma etkinliğinin soğutma suyu sıcaklığı, ısıtma suyu sıcaklığı ve soğutulacak suyun sıcaklığının fonksiyonu olarak hesaplanması yapılmıştır. Sistem etkinlik katsayısının ısıtma suyu ve soğutulacak suyun sıcaklığı ile arttığı buna karşın soğutma suyu sıcaklığıyla azaldığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca sistemdeki cihazların her birinin eşanjör analizi de yapılmıştır.
Effect of Boundary Conditions on Natural Frequencies of Orthotropic- Cored Composite Sandwich Beams
Authors: YILDIRIM Sefa
Published: July 2020

The influences of different boundary conditions on the free vibration behavior of sandwich beams having an orthotropic core have been investigated. The finite element codes used in the analysis are written via MATLAB and infused into ANSYS software package. The two-dimensional beam is considered to be made of an orthotropic core and two isotropic face sheets which may be homogeneous or heterogenous. The longitudinal dominated natural frequencies are considered and effects of core and face-sheet materials on the natural frequency are also studied. The results show that the order of the natural frequencies from highest to lowest, respectively, is clamped-clamped, clamped-simply supported, simply supported-simply supported and clamped-free for the orthotropic core composite beam. Also, using Al-TiB2 instead of pure Al layer as well as the increasing the inhomogeneity index decreases the natural frequency.
Pressure Influence on the Thermophysical Properties of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steels Manufactured By Powder Metallurgy Method
Authors: ACAR Ayşe Nur , EKŞİ Abdul Kadir , EKİCİBİL Ahmet
Published: July 2020

Austenitic stainless steel that is used in the industrial areas such as automotive has high physical and mechanical properties. In this study; thermophysical properties of 316L austenitic stainless steel prepared by powder metallurgy method that is attracted for researchers due to obtain net or near shaped product and complex shaped materials, have been investigated. Austenitic stainless steels pressed on the 400 and 600MPa pressures and pressed austenitic stainless steel samples sintered at 1200 °C temperature for an hour under inert gas atmosphere. The thermophysical features o these sintered austenitic stainless steel were performed at temperature ranging from RT to 600 °C via heat flux type Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). These properties supported by SEM images, EDS spectrums and OM (Optic microscope) images.
Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution using Mg-Fe, Zn-Fe, Mn-Fe layered double hydroxide
Authors: Shi Zhongliang , Wang Yanmei , Sun Shuyu , Zhang Cheng , Wang Haibo
Published: July 2020

Layered double hydroxides (LDH) with highly flexible and adjustable chemical composition and physical properties have attracted tremendous attention in recent years. A series of LDH with different M (Mg, Zn, Mn)-Fe molar ratios were synthesized by the double titration co-precipitation method. The effect of the factors, including M (Mg, Zn, Mn) : Fe molar ratio, pH, and M-Fe LDH dosage, on the ability of the prepared M-Fe LDH to remove cationic methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution were investigated. Results indicated that the removal efficiency of MB (10 mg/L) was the best at the M (Mg, Zn, Mn): Fe molar ratio of 3:1 by using 2.0 g/L of M-Fe LDH at pH 6.0 under 298.15 K. Mg-Fe LDH had the highest removal performance (71.94 mg/g at 298.15 K) for MB compared to those of the Zn-Fe and Mn-Fe LDH. Zn-Fe LDH with the smallest activation energy resulted in the fastest adsorption rate of MB. The pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm were also successfully applied to fit the theory of M-Fe LDH for removal of MB.
Use of totally implantable venous port systems in children hematology clinic
Authors: Lyanguzov A. V. , Kalinina S. L. , Sergunina O. Yu. , Ignatyev S. V. , Tselousova O. M. , Vaskina E. A. , Tataurova I. P.
Published: July 2020

Relevance.Reliable and long-term venous access is one of the most important condition for a successful leukemia therapy in children. Safe and convenient access to a central vein allows to provide chemotherapy, adjuvant treatment, parenteral nutrition and blood transfusion. It decreases the likelihood of phlebitis development and reduction of the peripheral venous network in comparison with peripheral venous access. The use of totally implantable venous port systems reduces risks of severe complications associated with re-catheterization of the central vein thus it improves patient’s quality of life.

The purpose of the studyis a retrospective assessment of the experience of use and analysis of the complications of totally implantable venous port systems in children with diseases of the blood system.

Materials and methods.The data of 61 patients of the pediatric hematology clinic with venous port systems have been analyzed.

Results.Perioperative complications developed in 3 (4.9 %) patients Median time of using of port systems was 679 catheter-days. Delayed complications requiring removal of the device developed in 8 (13.1 %) patients. Infectious complications were the reason for device removal in 3 (2.9 %) patients, mechanical complications in 5 (8.2 %) patients. No thrombotic complications were found.

Conclusions.The use of venous port systems in children with hematologic diseases for a long period of time is an effective and safe way for central venous access providing.