bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEMAND ANALYSIS OF INDONESIAN PULPWOOD USING TRANSCENDENTAL LOGARITHMIC MODEL: A STUDY OF THE WORLD AND SELECTED ASIAN MARKETS
Authors: Simanjuntak Gunawan Ganda Tua Petrus , Lin Chingyang
Published: January 2025

Indonesia’s pulpwood export has shown an increasing trend since 1990s. Along with Brazil, Canada, USA and Chile, Indonesia became one of  the top five pulpwood exporter countries in the world. Indonesia’s pulpwood was traded mainly to some Asian countries. This paper examines Indonesian pulpwood export demand during the period  1994-2014 using a Transcendental Logarithmic (TL) model with Seemingly  Unrelated Regression (SUR) estimation. Export data from the five top exporter countries in four different markets (China, Korea, Japan and the world) were analysed. The important findings are as follow: firstly, logarithmic income and second order logarithmic income significantly influence the Chinese and Korean markets. Secondly, in general, Indonesia’s own-prices are elastic and have negative signs (-2.308, -1.06 and -2.04 in the Korean, Japanese and the world markets, respectively). Thirdly, due to its positive sign of  crossprice elasticity and also positive signs of  income elasticity (1.002, 1.722 and 0.625 in the Chinese, Korean and the world markets, respectively), Indonesian pulpwood could be categorized as a substitute and normal goods. Lastly, regarding to negative and elastic Indonesia’s pulpwood own-prices, one possible policy that could be applied by the Government of  Indonesia (GoI) is giving a subsidy to reduce pulpwood price by 10%. Subsidy could be implemented by reducing tax and retribution such as property tax (Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan) and local retribution (Retribusi Daerah).
IMPLEMENTATION OF MULTI-SYSTEM SILVICULTURE (MSS) TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE OF PRODUCTION FOREST MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF PT. SARPATIM, CENTRAL KALIMANTAN
Authors: Suryanto Suryanto , Susilo Adi , Onrizal Onrizal , Andriansyah M. , Muslim Teguh
Published: January 2025

To date, performance of  the management of  Indonesian production forests are discouraging. The concession areas, timber production and employment have been decreasing over time. concern on these matter and to improve management, a research was conducted for six years (2008-2013) and resulted in recommendations to implement the Multi-System of Silviculture (MSS) systems. Two products were generated in MSS; criteria and indicator to guide the selection of  appropriate silvicultural system and supersilvik, a model to develop the best business plans. This paper evaluates  and strengthens the recommendations through the simulation of  MSS products in PT. Sarmiento Parakantja Timber (Sarpatim), Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Various data variables were used, such as thematic maps of  forest areas, data of  stand, materials, equipments, labors, finances and incomes. Data were processed in a variety of  formulations which were connected to each other in model systems to produce a variety of  outcomes, such as production, finance, employment and tax contributions. Results offer four options to improve PT. Sarpatim performance, one of  which is the best choice. Compared to the former business model under limited silvicultural systems, MSS  projected an increase in the use of  land, timber production and employment by 151-753%. Implementing MSS will provide a better and healthier finance for company with an increase of  NPV up to 193%; as well as for government tax revenues with an increase up to 308%.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND TOXICITY EFFECT OF ELEVEN TYPES OF BARK EXTRACTS ACQUIRED FROM EUPHORBIACEAE
Authors: Saefudin Saefudin , Basri Efrida , Sukito Agus
Published: January 2025

The use of natural antioxidants for medicinal purposes deserves thorough attention for their efficacy and possibly adverse toxicity. This paper studies the antioxidant actions and toxicity effects of bark extracts. The study focuses on eleven tree species of Euphorbiaceae family. Initially, bark samples from those trees were extracted using ethanol. The acquired extracts were examined for peroxide values with iodometric method. The bark extracts were chemically screened for possible antioxidant-compound contents, i.e. polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins; and followed by oxidation-reduction test to assess the extract ability in vitro to scavenge free radicals in their standard sources, i.e. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; altogether to determine qualitatively which species origin from bark extracts afforded the most potential as antioxidants. Toxicity test was performed on those bark extracts to assess their safety on living creatures, particularly humans as tried on shrimp larvae by counting their death, using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test method. Results show that bark extracts of four plant species, i.e. Acalypha hispida Blume, Bischofia javanica Blume, Glochidion arboreum Blume and Sapium baccatum Roxb species afforded potentiality as antioxidants, because its peroxide value (POV) was lower than or somewhat above those of the positive control vitamin E (POV 89.45 μg/ml). However, bark extracts from Euphorbia antiquorum  L, Euphorbia hirta L, and Jatropha podagrica Hook (i.e. LC50 : 238.85; 228.11 & 194.51 μg/ml) were highly toxic, because their LC50’s value< 1000 μg/ml.
PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL EVALUATION OF 8-YEARS-OLD ACACIA HYBRID (Acacia mangium x A. auriculiformis) CLONES FOR VARIOUS END USES
Authors: Sharma S. K. , Shukla S. R. , Sujatha M.
Published: January 2025

Currently, clonal of forest tree is gaining importance due to the yield improvement and low variability in different wood characteristics. Hybrid trees from clonal forest are importantly characterized in term of wood quality for finding  suitable uses. Accordingly, three clones (HD3, K47, H4) of 8-year-old Acacia hybrid (Acacia mangium × A. auriculiformis) were evaluated for inter-clonal comparison of its wood quality by evaluating their physical and mechanical properties as per Indian Standards. All tree clones were studied at breast high including diameter, heartwood content, and physical and mechanic properties. The Dbh of all  three clones was around 30–35% and 60–70% greater than pure forms of A. auriculiformis and A. mangium of the same age, respectively. The volumetric shrinkage of all  three clones was found to vary from 7.8 to 8.6%. The low shrinkage values may be attributed to higher dimensional stability of the wood of these clones. The data obtained in green and air-dry conditions were used to calculate ‘suitability indices’ with respect to teak (Tectona grandis) which was taken as a reference wood for comparison in India. All the suitability indices that these clones were either comparable or slightly lower than those of pure forms of A. auriculiformis and A. mangium. Less inter-clonal variation was observed in most of the suitability indices.
THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND NUTRITIONAL CONTENT CHANGES OF JELUTUNG (Dyera polyphylla (Miq.) Steenis) SEED THROUGH DRYING AND STORAGE
Authors: Yuniarti Naning , Nurhasybi Nurhasybi
Published: January 2025

Seed deterioration is the process of deteriorated seed in view of viability that has changed its physiological and nutritional  content.  This paper studies the effect of seed drying and seed storage to the viability and biochemical content of jelutung (Dyera polyphylla (Miq.) Steenis) seeds. Completely Randomized Design was used for different level of seed drying time, i.e.  0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours, and Completely Randomized Factorial Design was used for the combination of  seed drying treatments of 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours in different rooms for seed storage (ambient room, air conditioned room, refrigerator) with variables of moisture content, germination percentage and nutritional content. Result shows that seed drying and seed storage treatments pursue  the change of seed viability and nutritional  content of jelutung seed. The period of time in seed drying and seed storage siginificantly influence the moisture content, germination percentage and nutritional composition (lipid, carbohydrate, protein). The longer time of seed drying will effect significantly to the moisture content and germination percentage, increasing the lipid and protein and decreasing carbohydrate. Jelutung seed that was stored in air conditioned room had  better viability compared to  ambient room and refrigerator.
ANATOMICAL PROPERTIES OF NINE INDIGENOUS RATTAN SPECIES OF JAMBI, INDONESIA
Authors: Krisdianto Krisdianto , Jasni Jasni , Tutiana Tutiana
Published: January 2025

Various rattan species grow naturally in Jambi, Indonesia, i.e. opon (Plectocomiopsis geminiflora (Griff.) Beccari), udang (Korthalsia flagelaris Miquel), getah (Daemonorops micracantha (Griff.) Beccari), duduk (D. didymophylla Beccari), tunggal (Calamus laevigatus Martius), sijau (C. tumidus Furtado), buruk ati (C. insignis Griff. var. longispinosus Dransfield), batu (C. zonatus Beccari), and paku (C. exillis Griff.). The rattan species are classified as lesser known species, which its properties are unknown to rattan supplier and consumers. This paper observes the anatomical properties of nine indigeneous rattan species of Jambi. Anatomical observations were conducted from solid, sectioned and macerated samples. Results show that anatomical properties become a diagnostic characteristic for rattan species identification and specific characteristic has been developed for key species determination. Vascular bundles in the outer part of the stem of opon and udang rattans are yellow-capped. Width and length ratio of vascular bundle in the outer part is more than 1, oval shape was found in sijau rattan, while elongated shape vascular bundle with the ratio less than 1 was found in buruk ati. Fiber bundles separated from vessels are found in central ground parencymatous tissue of rattan tunggal. In the peripheral area, fiber bundle forms one or two lines with no specific pattern found in rattan paku, while fiber bundles in one line with alternate pattern found in rattan duduk. Single resin canals are found both in center part and peripheral area is found in batu rattan and mostly single. Resin canals are found in pair at getah rattan stem.
FUNGI AND MACROFAUNA COMMUNITY IN POST-FIRE PEATLAND IN CENTRAL KALIMANTAN
Authors: Hakim Safinah Surya , Halwany Wawan , Rachmanadi Dony
Published: January 2025

Peat soil with its unique physical and chemical character is host to various microbe and fauna. In the peat, the existence of microbe and macrofauna influenced by several environmental parameters. Therefore, in this study we would like to obtain the information about fungi and macrofauna in the post fire degraded peat swamp soil with emphasize on two points which are (i) abundance of soil fungi and soil macrofauna (ii) to describe the environmental parameters (e.g. understory and chemical properties) on the existence of fungi and macrofauna community. Soil dilution and pitfall trap were used to collect microbes and macrofauna in the targeted post-fire peat soil: Post-fire peatland /bareland (A), post-fire peat-land revegetated in December 2016 (B), post-fire peat-land revegetated in April 2016 (C), post-fire peat-land revegetated in December 2015 (D). Result showed that abundance of soil fungi obtained during this study is 4×105 to 11×105 cfu/ml. While the macrofauna abundance is 353-1038 ind/m2. Fungi and macrofauna community in peatland affected by understory cover which related with revegetation activity. There is a trend of increasing the abundance of microbes and macrofauna on the land along with the increase of the percentage of understory cover.
IMPLEMENTING FOREST TENURE REFORMS: PERSPECTIVES FROM INDONESIA’S FORESTRY AGENCIES
Authors: Herawati Tuti , Mwangi Esther , Liswanti Nining
Published: January 2025

Forest Tenure Reform implementation involves diverse actors with multiple roles and interests, including government officials. Few studies have attempted to systematically document the conditions facing government agency implementers in their efforts to implement forest tenure reform. This study attempts to identifies factors that enhance or constrain reform implementation from the perspective of individual implementers at national and sub-national levels in Indonesia. The study was conducted through analysing data that resulted from bureaucrat’s interview who purposively selected at Central and Local Government. Most interviewees indicate that forest tenure reforms have three interrelated objectives: to conserve forests and restore degraded forests, to improve community livelihoods and ensure benefits are equitably distributed; and to secure the rights of local, forest-adjacent or forest-dwelling communities. Reform implementation has been effective or somewhat effective in protecting community rights to access, use, manage and benefit from forests. Close to half of the respondents indicated that their activities gave special consideration to low income groups but few paid special attentions to women and women’s rights.  Main constraints to implementation are inadequate budgets and insufficient manpower to execute tenure-related activities. Divergent priorities between national and sub-national/local levels and changes in government that redistribute personnel are additional factors that hinder reform implementation. Overall, respondents agree that reforms are only partially implemented due to technical and institutions constraints, which in turn influence the extent to which collaboration/coordination among actors can be achieved and the extent to which community tenure needs such as conflict management and resolution can be addressed.
THE UTILIZATION OF Merremia peltata FOR LIVESTOCK FEED TO CONTROL AN INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT SPECIES IN BUKIT BARISAN SELATAN NATIONAL PARK
Authors: Garsetiasih R. , Irianto Ragil , Sihombing Vivin Silvaliandra
Published: January 2025

Mantangan (Merremia peltata) is a plant species which invades the habitat of herbivorous animals such as elephants and rhinos in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP) Sumatera, Indonesia. One possible way to overcome the problem is by providing M. peltata as livestock feed. This paper observes potential use of mantangan for goat feed. The study was conducted at Tampang Tua Village, a buffer zone of BBSNP where most of communities are farmers. The study and treatment were given to 6-7 months old goat breeders with an initial weight of 7-8 kg. Additional forage feed data were collected during March to June 2014. The research was designed as Latin Square Design with four treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of four formulations namely: treatment A (field grass), B (field grass + 200 g mantangan), C (field grass + 400 g mantangan), and D (field grass + 600 g mantangan). Field grass is available continuously (ad-libitum). Results shows that the treatments significantly affect feed consumption level (P <0.05), but it did not have significant effect to body weight (P> 0.05). In other words, mantangan is potential for animal feed. This research was conducted as an effort to manage invasive alien plant species by utilizing mantangan as feed for livestock.
BIODEGRADATION OF PULP SLUDGE BY Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Penicillium oxalicum and Penicillium citrinum AFTER SIX MONTHS INCUBATION
Authors: Wahyuningsih Siti
Published: January 2025

The rise of pulp and paper production due to market’s demand will also increase both main and secondary products of pulp. Secondary products such as pulp sludge have low economic value, but high environmental cost. Therefore it needs improved technology input to raise its value. This study aims to evaluate the ability of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, a combination of Penicillium citrinum and P. oxalicum and a mixture of those three fungal species in decomposing pulp sludge after one and six months incubation. The pulp sludge was collected from pulp company in North Sumatera, Indonesia and it was pre-treated prior to composting. The composting was conducted by inoculating P. chrysosporium, a combination of P. oxalicum and P. citrinum or a mixture of those fungal species with a density of 107 spores/ml into 15 kg treated sludge. The inoculated sludge was then incubated for one and six months. Analysis was held for the non-inoculated and inoculated sludge regarding pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC) (me/100 g), macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) (%), micronutrients (S, Zn) (ppm) and heavy metals (Pb, Cd) (ppm). After one month incubation, P. chrysosporium was leading in enhancing sludge’s macro and micronutrients. After six months incubation, a combination of P. oxalicum and P. citrinum generated higher P, K, CEC and reduced lead content of the sludge. Meanwhile, a mixture of the three fungus species produced the highest N and Mg.
THE CULT OF SABAZIUS IN THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA LITTORAL: MONUMENTS AND THEIR INTERPRETATION
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Department of Archaeology and Special Historical Studies, Korčak Andrij
Published: January 2025

A number of finds from the northern Black Sea littoral, dating from the first three centuries of the common era, have been attributed to the cult of the Thracian-Phrygian deity Sabazius, but hardly ever with complete certainty. The hypotheses put forward regarding the identification of these artifacts are interesting and substantiated in original ways. The article examines this assemblage, which includes hands in bronze and bone, rods of bone, tomb paintings, clay stamps, terracotta statuettes of followers of the cult, a fragment of a figure of a naked bearded man in a Phrygian cap, and an image of dancing men on an ancient Greek pelike. The geographical distribution of these discoveries is also analyzed. Based on this research it can be concluded that there is direct evidence for the spread of the Sabazius cult in the region in question, while some pieces, like a bronze hand from the Ukrainian steppe, bone hands and rods from Chersonesos, and a fragment of a statuette of a man in a Phrygian cap from Phanagoria, can cautiously be interpreted as indirect evidence of minor manifestations of the Sabazius cult in the northern Black Sea region, brought there by Roman soldiers from the Danube.
Creation of Exotic Dramatic Fashion with the Source Idea of Barong Ider Bumi
Authors: Rahmawati Efi , Nahari Inty , Arifiana Deny , Mayasari Peppy
Published: January 2025

Barong Ider Bumi is a ritual tradition to ward off disaster for the Osing community located in Kemiren Village, Glagah District, Banyuwangi. The uniqueness of the Barong Osing form which contains philosophical meaning is the basis for the inspiration for the creation of exotic dramatic clothing. Forms based on oriental aesthetics and sensibilities inspire the combination of clothing into an exotic dramatic style to display traditional elements that are packaged in a modern way to have a different style that shows a comprehensive visual representation of strength and intensity. This study of creative practice aims to describe the process of creating exotic dramatic clothing with Barong Ider Bumi as its inspiration. The method used is Practice-Ied Research, namely research based on the practice of the creative process by Hendriyana (2021) which consists of four stages including: (1) the exploration stage related to the exploration of information on sources of ideas, (2) the design stage in the form of making sketch designs, (3) the embodiment as the process of realizing the selected design and evaluation, and (4) the presentation stage of the work. The result of this creation is three exotic dramatic outfits consisting of one men's outfit and two women's outfits that will be presented at the 35th annual fashion show "Jagad Osing".
The Hidden Reach of the EU AI Act
Authors: Fink Melanie
Published: January 2025

The EU AI Act not only regulates artificial intelligence but also triggers the application of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, embedding EU principles of procedural justice into national administrative law. This development advances the Europeanisation of domestic legal systems and reshapes the balance between EU and national public law in the digital age.
An Improved Artificial Diet for the Eggplant Fruit and Shoot Borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera:Pyrlidae)
Authors: de Guzman Joedel A. , Caoili Barbara L. , Taylo Lourdes D. , Taylo Desiree M. , Javier Pio A.
Published: January 2025

The growth and development of eggplant fruit and shoot borer (EFSB), Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee, on two basal artificial diets, namely, Multiple Insect Diet (Southland Products) and Patil Artificial Diet (Patil 1990), fortified with bee pollen and eggplant calyx powder were studied. Growth and development period of EFSB was slightly longer on Modified Multiple Insect Diet (MMID) compared to those reared on Modified Patil Artificial Diet (MPAD). The results suggest that MMID was more suitable as rearing diet since the success of pupation (82.2%), emergence (75.5%) and survival of adults (75.6%) was relatively high and comparable to those reared in eggplant fruit.
Hydroacoustic water tank of St. Petersburg Branch of Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Rodionov A. A. , Nikitin D. A. , Filin K. B. , Shpilev N. N. , Panicheva E. D.
Published: January 2025

St. Petersburg Branch of Shirshov Institute of Оceanology of Russian Academy of Sciences has constructed and commissioned an acoustically isolated water tank, equipped with an automated system for securing and moving measuring emitters, receivers (hydrophones), and the objects under study. The tank’s equipment includes emitters, hydrophones, multifunctional echosounders with side-scan sonar capabilities, amplifiers for both emitting and receiving channels, analog-to-digital converters, and portable computers with software for generating emitting and recording receiving signals. Functional models of both receiving and emitting channels have been created. A mathematical model of the water tank has been developed based on calculations of hydroacoustic fields using the method of imaginary sources. The quality of acoustic isolation in the water tank has been assessed, yielding satisfactory results. Standard models of objects have been manufactured for experiments investigating their reflective properties. The acoustically isolated water tank allows for research into the characteristics of hydroacoustic systems, methods for signal formation and processing in both active and passive modes, as well as processes occurring in aquatic environments.
Comparison of PERUN/Reanalysis with station data in the regular network
Authors:   Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR, v. v. i., Beranová Romana , Zacharov Petr ,   Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR, v. v. i., Štěpánek Petr ,   Centrum výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.,   Český hydrometeorologický ústav, Brožková Radmila ,   Český hydrometeorologický ústav
Published: January 2025

The regional PERUN/Reanalysis is based on the ALADIN forecast model. To validate this reanalysis on the territory of the Czech Republic, we used the GriSt technical series. We analysed the 30-year period 1990–2019, and we focused on air temperature, precipitation, wind speed, relative humidity and global radiation. The smallest mean error of daily temperatures (up to 0.5 °C) has been found for daily mean temperatures. In the reanalysis, daily minimum temperatures appear overestimated throughout the year, and daily maximum temperatures as underestimated. For winter season, the effect of altitude on the mean error of the maximum and minimum temperature is noticeable. Very good correlations have been found between average and maximum daily total precipitation in the reanalysis and GriSt. In both cases, the lowest correlations occur in summer period. Rainfall totals show an overestimation by an average of 33%, with higher values in spring and winter seasons. The errors increase significantly with altitude, but the relative errors do not change substantially with altitude. This reanalysis will serve as a reference set for regional climate model validation and for interpreting climate change scenario calculations.
Development and use of stochastic weather generators in Czechia
Authors:   Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR, v. v. i., Dubrovský Martin ,   Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i., Huth Radan ,   Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR, v. v. i.,   Univerzita Karlova, Přírodovědecká fakulta, Trnka Miroslav ,   Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.,   Mendelova univerzita, Ústav agrosystémů a bioklimatologie
Published: January 2025

The paper presents stochastic weather generators (WGs) being developed in Czechia since 1994. These generators have been designed especially for use in agroclimatic and hydrological modelling. They include parametric single-site daily Met&Roll and M&Rfi weather generators, non- -parametric daily GOMEZ generator, semi-parametric hourly HOWGH generator, and parametric spatial SPAGETTA generator. All these generators allow producing synthetic weather series of up to 8 meteorological variables. The paper provides an overview of the generators and shows selected results demonstrating possible applications of the generators – especially while analysing potential impacts of climate change on weather- -dependent processes. The particular attention is paid to coupling of the generators with Regional and Global Climate Models (RCMs and GCMs). Firstly, climate change scenarios derived from these models may be used to modify WG parameters so that the generators may produce weather series representing the future climate. Secondly, the WGs may be used in a sensitivity analysis, in which the separate effects of changes (projected by RCMs or GCMs) in various characteristics of individual meteorological variables are assessed.
Current challenges and issues of higher education in meteorology and climatology in the Czech Republic
Authors:   Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, Bednář Jan , Huszár Peter ,   Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, Pišoft Petr ,   Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta
Published: January 2025

The article presents actual position and structure of the meteorological and climatological education at universities in the Czech Republic. Special attention is paid to bachelor, master and doctoral studies at the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague. The needs of atmospheric research, as well as perspectives from practical meteorological and climatological endeavours, are considered in relation to the expected knowledge and skills of graduates. Special situation from the point of view of the Czech Republic is taken into account. Innovation of studies and new forms of bachelor and postgraduate studies are outlined.
The Principle of the Authority of the Will in Nationality Matters: A Comparative Study in Iraqi and U.S Legislations
Authors: Alakeili Tholfikar
Published: January 2025

The principle of the sovereignty of will is considered one of the most important legal concepts, as it fundamentally influences individual interactions. Issues of nationality are closely tied to these interactions, if not the most significant among them. Delving into the concept of will in nationality leads us to explore the legal nature of nationality, which has long been a subject of debate. Some legal scholars view it as a regulatory relationship, while others see it as a contractual one. It can also be described as a mixed relationship, combining both contractual and regulatory elements. The will manifests in specific forms in matters of nationality, particularly in cases of acquisition, loss, and recovery of nationality for individuals. However, this will cannot produce any effect unless it is paired with the will of the state, represented by the competent minister, as stipulated by relevant legislation (specifically, Iraqi and US laws). Moreover, nationality serves many functions, most notably the investment function, which has become a fundamental part of the economies of some countries and is closely tied to the concept of will. At the same time, judicial oversight remains essential in addressing issues of nationality, ensuring a balance between the interests of individuals and the state.
The victim's responsibility and its impact on mitigating the perpetrator's punishment
Authors: Alshoqiran Ibrahim
Published: January 2025

This research is founded on elucidating the victim’s responsibility for the crime committed against them. It explores the notion that, in certain offenses, the victim may be the primary cause of the crime or a significant contributor to it. The study examines specific cases where the victim is deemed responsible from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence. These include: first, repelling an unjust aggressor without rightful cause; second, the aggressor against personal honor; and third, instances where a person provokes another, leading to a crime being committed against them. The research concludes that thoroughly examining the facts and circumstances of a crime, consulting experts, and utilizing modern technology can significantly impact the adjudication of certain criminal cases. Furthermore, in specific instances of crimes, the victim’s actions may render them fully accountable, thereby absolving the perpetrator of responsibility or partially shifting the liability, resulting in a mitigated penalty for the offender.
AnaliYuridis terhadap Peran Masyarakat dalam Pemuktakhiran Data Pemilih untuk Pilkada di Kabupaten Sambas Tahun 2024
Authors: Guanti Wiwin
Published: January 2025

Permasalahan yang terjadi saat ini adalah masih minimnya peran dari masyarakat dalam mensukseskan Pemuktakhiran Data Pemilih untuk Pemilihan umum atau Pilkada. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis bagaimana peran masyarakat dalam pemuktahiran data pemilih, dan bagaimana faktor penghambat dalam melakukan pendataan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis empiris yaitu mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan serta melihat kondisi fakta-fakta yang ditemukan dilapangan tentang peran masyarakat mensukseskan pemutakhiran data pemilih terhadap pelaksanaan Pasal 2 ayat (8) PKPU Nomor 7 Tahun 2024 di Kapupaten Sambas. Untuk memperoleh data peneliti menggunakan pedoman wawancara dan observasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di kabupaten Sambas masyarakatnya masih banyak belum memiliki KTP. Selain itu, masyarakat banyak belum paham tentang pendataan yang dilakukan oleh petugas KPU saat mendata. Hal ini sejalan dengan Peraturan Komisi Pemilihan Umum Nomor 7 Tahun 2024 pasal 2 ayat (8) yang menyebutkan tentang prinsip partisipasi, yang membuka seluas-luasnya kepada semua warga negara Indonesia untuk mengusulkan data pemilih dalam penyusunan data terpilih, dan faktor penghambat yaitu minimnya kesadaran akan pentingnya pemutakhiran data dan kurangnya kepercayaan masyarakat kabupaten Sambas terhadap Pantarlih, kurangnya sosialisasi kepada masyarakat, serta permasalahan administrasi yang tidak lengkap. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka diperlukan sebuah program sosialisasi tentang pendataan pemilu dari desa, kecamatan maupun kabupaten.
Preparation of hydrophilic TiO2 films by chemical solution deposition
Authors: Garškaitė Edita
Published: January 2025

In this work homogeneous and crack-free titanium dioxide (TiO2) films were grown by chemical solution deposition on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrates. The influence of solution composition and deposition time on films morphology was in­ves­tigated. Morphological features of deposited TiO2 films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Raman spectroscopy studies and peak deconvolution analysis showed that annealed at 500 °C TiO2 films possess an anatase crystal structure. Measurements of a contact angle of water revealed that the surface of the FTO glass after the deposition of TiO2 films became more hydrophilic (contact angle decreased by 45° ± 5). Furthermore, after the irradiation with UV light the contact angle was further reduced from 26 to 7° and from 34 to 13° for films deposited in 2 and 4 h, respectively.
The Role of AI in Tackling Epidemics: Lessons from Recent Outbreaks
Authors: Rahman ASM Zahidur
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool in managing epidemics, offering innovative solutions to detect, predict, and mitigate the spread of infectious diseases. This paper explores the role of AI in tackling recent outbreaks, such as COVID-19, Ebola, and Zika, emphasizing its contributions to real-time data analysis, contact tracing, and outbreak prediction. Key AI applications, including machine learning models for disease forecasting, natural language processing for analyzing public health data, and AI-powered diagnostic tools, are examined. Additionally, the study discusses the challenges of implementing AI in epidemic management, such as data privacy concerns, technological infrastructure disparities, and the need for global collaboration. Lessons from these outbreaks underline the importance of integrating AI into global health systems to enhance preparedness, response, and resilience against future public health crises.
The Effect of Return On Asset, Current Ratio, and Debt to Equity Ratio on Profit Growth in Cosmetic and Household Goods Companies Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange in The Period 2019-2023
Authors: Desshyfa Rizana Tarissa , Saputra Fendi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the impact of Return on Assets (ROA), Current Ratio (CR), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) on profit growth in cosmetic and household goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019-2023 period. These companies play a pivotal role in the primary consumer goods sector, characterized by steady demand despite economic fluctuations. Utilizing a quantitative approach, this research analyzes secondary data from annual financial statements of selected companies. Data were processed using EViews 12 software and the Fixed Effects Model was employed for analysis. The findings reveal that ROA positively and significantly influences profit growth, while CR and DER show no significant effect. These results underscore the importance of asset utilization in driving profitability and provide strategic insights for corporate management and investors. By shedding light on key financial indicators, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of profit determinants in the consumer goods sector.
La transformación digital en la administración pública: evolución y tendencias de investigación
Authors: López Naranjo Alexandra Lorena , Uquillas Granizo Gilma Gabriela , Jácome Lara Ibett Mariela , Pérez Salas Francisco Paúl
Published: January 2025

La transformación digital en la administración pública ha adquirido un rol estratégico a nivel global, revolucionando la manera en que las instituciones gubernamentales operan e interactúan con los ciudadanos. Este proceso ha impulsado mejoras significativas en la eficiencia, efectividad y transparencia de los servicios públicos, promoviendo una mayor participación ciudadana y optimización de los recursos disponibles. La presente investigación analiza la evolución y las tendencias investigativas sobre la transformación digital en el sector público, utilizando un enfoque bibliométrico basado en datos de Scopus. Se identificaron 5077 publicaciones relacionadas, destacando un crecimiento significativo en la producción científica en los últimos años, impulsado por avances tecnológicos y eventos disruptivos como la pandemia de COVID-19. Los resultados muestran una transición temática desde enfoques iniciales centrados en el e-government y la digitalización de procesos básicos hacia áreas más avanzadas como inteligencia artificial, gobernanza digital y sostenibilidad. Mediante el análisis de redes de colaboración, se identificaron autores, instituciones y países clave en la investigación. Estados Unidos, Reino Unido e Italia lideran la colaboración global, mientras que países emergentes como Ecuador y Perú muestran un interés creciente. Además, se clasificaron las perspectivas investigativas en seis clústeres principales, abarcando temas como ontologías semánticas, datos abiertos y la creación de valor público a través de estrategias digitales innovadoras. Por lo tanto, este estudio proporciona un panorama integral y actualizado de la investigación sobre la transformación digital en la administración pública.
Ensemble RF-KNN Model for Accurate Prediction of Drought Levels
Authors: Abdullah Walid , Bacanin Nebojsa , Venkatachalam K
Published: January 2025

The increasing frequency and severity of droughts represent a critical threat to agricultural systems worldwide, disrupting food production, and supply chains. Accurate and timely prediction of drought conditions is essential for ensuring agricultural sustainability and enabling proactive mitigation strategies. This study proposes a novel ensemble model that combines Random Forest (RF) and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) using soft voting to predict drought conditions based on meteorological data. The dataset consists of drought classifications for six levels, ranging from no drought to five drought severity levels using meteorological indicators from various U.S. counties. The performance of the proposed model was evaluated against several state-of-the-art machine learning models, including Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and Artificial Neural Networks, using various evaluation metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed ensemble approach, achieving superior accuracy and reliability in predicting drought severity. This research highlights the transformative potential of machine learning in supporting agricultural systems and addressing climate change challenges through data-driven drought monitoring and mitigation strategies.
A Compact Exploration of Turiyam Neutrosophic Competition Graphs
Authors: Fujita Takaaki , Smarandache Florentin
Published: January 2025

Graph theory, a branch of mathematics, examines relationships between entities using vertices and edges. Within this field, Uncertain Graph Theory has emerged to model uncertainties in real world networks. A notable concept in this area is the competition graph, which captures interactions by connecting vertices that ”compete” for the same neighbor, represented by directed edges indicating common neighbors in a digraph. This brief paper introduces the concept of the Generalized Turiyam Neutrosophic Competition Graph and explores its relationships with other graph classes.
Reconsideration of Neutrosophic Social Science and Neutrosophic Phenomenology with Non-classical logic
Authors: Fujita Takaaki , Smarandache Florentin
Published: January 2025

Body-Mind-Soul-Spirit Fluidity is a concept rooted in psychology and phenomenology, offering significant insights into human decision making and well-being. Similarly, in social analysis and social sciences, frameworks such as PDCA, DMAIC, SWOT, and OODA have been established to enable structured evaluation and effective problem-solving. Furthermore, in phenomenology and social sciences, various logical systems have been developed to address specific objectives and practical applications. This paper extends these concepts using the Neutrosophic theory, revisiting their mathematical definitions and exploring their properties. The Neutrosophic Set, an extension of the Fuzzy Set, is a highly flexible framework that has been widely studied in fields such as social sciences. By incorporating Neutrosophic Sets, we aim to improve their suitability for programming and mathematical analysis, providing advanced methods to tackle complex, multi-dimensional problems. We hope that this research will inspire further studies and foster the development of practical applications across various related disciplines.
Diseño Conceptual de un Sistema de Administración de Residuos de Aparatos Eléctricos y Electrónicos mediante JAXP
Authors: Lundberg Jiménez Bryan Alexander , Cortés Robles Guillermo
Published: January 2025

En el desarrollo de software, la ausencia de referencias claras sobre las características clave del negocio dificulta la definición de criterios relevantes. Esta investigación presenta la metodología JAXP para digitalizar modelos de negocio orientados a la producción de servicios, prescindiendo de la intervención del autor principal. La propuesta incluye el uso del Proceso de Análisis Jerárquico (AHP) para priorizar los servicios del negocio, posteriormente se aplican de las etapas de la programación extrema: planificación, diseño, codificación y pruebas. Finalmente, se emplea la fórmula de Jaccard para evaluar el índice de similitud entre el modelo inicial y la conceptualización del nuevo. El caso de estudio, está enfocado en un sistema de gestión de residuos electrónicos, el cual permitió recuperar un modelo de negocio previamente no implementado, evidenciando el potencial de esta metodología para replicarse en otros contextos y generar valor en diversos escenarios.
Avaliação da Eficácia da Inativação Térmica de Veneno Botrópico em Resíduos de Ensaios de Potência de Soro Antibotrópico
Authors: DIAS MARTINS LIMA FABIO HENRIQUE , FATIMA DE SOUZA GABRIELE , AFFONSO BOLLER MARIA APARECIDA , PORTO REIS LUCAS ELIZABETH , WANDERLEY DA NOBREGA ARMI
Published: January 2025

O controle da qualidade de soros antibotrópicos produzidos para o Programa Nacional de Imunização exige a realização de ensaios de potência, gerando resíduos que demandam um descarte seguro e eficiente. Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia do processo de inativação desses resíduos, conduziu-se um estudo experimental. Amostras de resíduos provenientes da manipulação de veneno botrópico foram submetidas à autoclavação por 60 minutos a 121°C. Após o tratamento, a toxicidade residual foi avaliada. Os resultados demonstraram que a autoclavação nas condições estabelecidas promoveu a inativação completa do veneno botrópico em soluções aquosas, garantindo a segurança do descarte e o cumprimento das normas de biossegurança. Conclui-se que o protocolo de inativação adotado pela instituição é eficaz na eliminação do risco associado aos resíduos gerados nos ensaios de potência de soros antibotrópicos, contribuindo para a segurança dos profissionais envolvidos e a proteção do meio ambiente.
Tracing the Path from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0 through Topic
Modeling Analysis
Authors: Zeng Cheng , Cheng Ding Hong , Leong Wai Yie , Fei Li Ya
Published: January 2025

This study explores the evolution of research from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0 using Latent
Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to uncover key research topics and trends. This paper utilizes the Web of Science (WOS) database to collect literature on Industry 4.0 and 5.0 from 2015 to 2024. Through an LDA-based analysis, five key topics were identified, including IoT and automation, adoption frameworks, digital business transformation, smart manufacturing systems, and AIdriven models. The research highlights the growing importance of human-machine collaboration, blockchain security, and sustainable practices in the transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0. This study contributes to the understanding of evolving industrial research and offers insights into the future direction of industrial innovation.
Applying Machiavelli’s Idea of “Anti-church, Anti-clergy but not Anti-religion” to Tackling Corruption in Nigeria
Authors: AGUNYAI Samuel Chukwudi , ALIYU Musilimi Kolawole , OJAKOROTU Victor
Published: January 2025

In Nigeria, several well-known attempts to eradicate corruption and inform better policy-making have been made and implemented, such as the Treasury Single Account (TSA), -Integrated Payroll and Personnel Information System (IPPIS). Despite these attempts, the article perceives corruption to be lingering and new and innovative ways to fight corruption continue to be sought. Much time has been spent by government, among others, in establishing corruption as a symptom of systemic, institutional and governmental failure while religious aspects of corruption have been deliberately underplayed. Although a growing body of work is emerging that explores religious factors as one of the major causes of corruption. Of particular interest is the work of Machiavelli on religion. Machiavelli links corruption to the insolence of the clergy and the church, and that religion appealed to the selfishness of man through its doctrine of rewards and punishment, thereby inducing proper behaviour and good conduct that is necessary for the well-being of the society. Contrary to this, Nigerian society parades clergies and churches that serve as safe haven to looters of state’s treasury who lodge them in churches as tithes, mission-works, offerings, and donations. These, partly contribute to the spread of corruption in Nigeria. It is in the light of this that the paper seeks to examine the utility of Machiavelli’s idea of religion in curbing corruption in Nigeria.
EFFECT OF INTERACTIVE PREGNANCY EDUCATION (IPE) ON STRESS LEVELS AMONG PRIMIGRAVID TRIMESTER III PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Elli Hidayati  , Syahrul Rauf  , Mochammad Hatta  , Sonny T. Lisal  , Fatimah  , Hamidah
Published: January 2025

The Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is an indicator in determining the health level of a country. Infant mortality is caused by various health problems, especially since the gestation period, even starting before the gestation period. Stress during pregnancy affects the motor, cognitive and emotional development of the baby. This study aims to determine the effect of Interactive Pregnancy Education (IPE) on levels in third trimester primigravida pregnant women. This research is a quasi-experimental study using a nonequivalent control group design. This research was conducted in the Kemayoran and Cempaka Putih Community Health Centers in DKI Jakarta from December 2021 to completion. The samples were 30 third trimester primigravida pregnant women for the intervention and control groups. Data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon tests with SPSS 22 software. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the median stress scores in the control group before and after the median decreased after the intervention and the difference in the median stress scores before and after the intervention in the intervention group was greater than the control group, which decreased to 6.50. This shows that IPE is effective in reducing stress in pregnant women who have previously had stress with high stress scores.
Moderasi Beragama menurut Al-Qur’an dan Hadist
Authors: Adellia Hidayat  , M.Rifqi Al-Azizi  , Ayu Kirana  , Imam Tauhid
Published: January 2025

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Al-Quran dan Hadis tidak Mengajak umat Islam untuk melakukan kekerasan, ekstrem dan berlebih-lebihan dalam Beragama. Al-Quran dan Hadis menawarkan bahwa memahami dan mengamalkan agama Harus melalaui jalur keseimbangan dan berada di jalan tengah sehingga agama terkesan. Ramah, lembut dan kasih sayang. Bahkan keseimbangan merupakan suatu keniscayaan Termasuk pada hukum alam sebagai harmoninya kehidupan. Jika tidak demikian dunia ini Akan hancur dan binasa.