bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ACÚMULO DE FITOMASSA DO MILHO APÓS O ESPIGAMENTO EM FUNÇÃO DO PARCELAMENTO DA COBERTURA NITROGENADA
Authors: SANGOI LUIS , PANISON FERNANDO , DURLI MURILO MIGUEL , LEOLATO LUCIELI SANTINI , COELHO ANTONIO EDUARDO , KUNESKI HUGO FRANÇOIS , OLIVEIRA VANDER DE LIZ
Published: December 2019

RESUMO – O fracionamento da adubação nitrogenada é uma estratégia que pode aumentar o acúmulo de massa nosgrãos do milho. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos do parcelamento da cobertura nitrogenada sobre o acúmulode fitomassa nas folhas, colmos e grãos após o espigamento do milho. O experimento foi implantado em Lages-SC.Foram testados dois híbridos (P30F53YH e P1680YH) e seis sistemas de aplicação do nitrogênio: testemunha semN, todo N aplicado em V5, V10 ou VT (pendoamento), ½ N em V5 + ½ N em V10, 1/3 N em V5 + 1/3 N em V10 +1/3 N em VT. A dose de N foi de 300 kg ha-1. Avaliou-se o acúmulo de fitomassa aos 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 e 70 dias apóso espigamento. A massa seca dos grãos dos dois híbridos aumentou linearmente em todos os sistemas testados. Asmaiores taxas de incremento (2,4 a 2,7 g dia-1) foram obtidas com a aplicação integral de N em V5 e as menores (1,5a 1,6 g dia-1) na testemunha. O fracionamento da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura em três estádios fenológicos nãoaumentou a massa dos grãos, em relação à fertilização feita integralmente em V5 ou V10.Palavras-chave: Zea mays, enchimento de grãos, cultivares, fenologia, nitrogênio. MAIZE DRY MASS ACCUMULATION AFTER SILKING AS AFFECTEDBY THE SPLITTING OF NITROGEN SIDE-DRESS FERTILIZATIONABSTRAT- The splitting of nitrogen fertilization is a strategy that can increase kernel dry mass accumulation of maize.This work was carried out aiming to evaluate the effects of splitting nitrogen side-dress fertilization on leaf, stem andgrain dry mass accumulation after maize silking. The experiment was set in Lages, SC, South of Brazil. Two hybrids(P30F53YH and P1680YH) and six nitrogen fertilization systems were tested: control without N, all N side-dressed atV5, V10 or VT (tasseling), ½ N at V5 + ½ N at V10, 1/3 N at V5 + 1/3 N at V10 + 1/3 N at VT. Nitrogen rate was 300kg ha-1. Dry mass accumulation was determined at 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70 days after silking. The kernel dry mass ofboth hybrids increased linearly at all six N fertilization systems. The highest increment rates (2.4 to 2.7 g day-1) wereachieved when all N was side-dressed at V5. The lowest rates (1.5 to 1.6 g day-1) were registered in the control. Thesplitting of nitrogen side-dress fertilization in three growth stages did not increase kernel dry mass, when compared tothe fertilization carried out entirely at V5 or V10.Keywords: Zea mays, grain filling, hybrids, phenology, nitrogen.
DESEMPENHO DE HÍBRIDOS DE MILHO TIPO AMILÁCEO EM RELAÇÃO A CARACTERÍSTICAS DO RENDIMENTO DE GRÃOS
Authors: MENDOZA GONZÁLEZ AMALIO RAMÓN , CRUZ COSME DAMIÃO , MACHADO VERONICA
Published: December 2019

RESUMO - O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a existência de interação entre genótipos e ambientes e estimar osparâmetros de adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de milho amiláceo. Para isto, 44 genótipos de milho amiláceode três ambientes das localidades da Região Oriental do Paraguai foram utilizados para estimar os parâmetros deadaptabilidade e estabilidade para quatro características. As características usadas foram floração masculina, altura deplanta até o ápice da panícula, aspecto da planta e rendimento. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocosao acaso, com três repetições e parcelas contendo 25 plantas. O teste F demonstrou diferenças significativas para todasas características avaliadas na localidade de Choré com nível de 1%. Para a localidade de Capitán Miranda, no entanto,produtividade de grãos (PG) e aspecto da planta (AP) não foram significativos. Na localidade Yjhovy, o (PG) foisignificativo aos 5%. A análise de variância conjunta mostrou uma interação significativa para genótipos por ambientesao nível de 5% de significância pelo teste F, para todas as características, com exceção de floração masculina. A maioriadas características apresentou interação do tipo complexa. Os materiais 41 e 24 foram os genótipos que contiveram osmenores valores de índice de superioridade do cultivar (Pi) geral.Palavras chave: Adaptabilidade e estabilidade, interação genótipo ambiente, Avati Morotî, raças.PERFORMANCE OF AMYLACE TYPE CORN HYBRIDSIN RELATION TO GRAIN YIELD CHARACTERISTICSABSTRACT - In this study, the aim was to evaluate the interactions between genotypes and environments, and estimatethe parameters of adaptability and stability of genotypes of maize starch. Forty four genotypes of maize starch from threeenvironments of the locations of the Eastern Region of Paraguay were used to estimate the parameters of adaptabilityand stability for four features. The features used were the male flowering, height to the panicle apex, plant aspect andyield. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications, each containing 25 plants. The Ftest showed significant differences for all traits in the locality of Choré with level of 1%, while the location of CaptainMiranda grain yield (GY) and plant aspect (AP) were not significant. In the locality Yjhovy, the (PG) was significantat 5 %. The analysis of variance showed a significant interaction for genotype by environment at the 5 % significancelevel for the F test, for all traits except male flowering. Most features of the showed interaction of complex type. Thematerials were 41e 24 genotypes that contained the lowest values of index of superiority do cultivar (Pi) general.Keywords: Adaptability and stability, Avati Morotî, breeds, genotype environment interaction.
The Role and Reason Why Armenians Were Selected as Iranian Businessmen During the Shah Abbas's Era
Authors: Karimi Zainullah
Published: December 2019

The main purpose of this paper is to examine the function of the Armenians merchant during the Safavid period. Shah Abbas turned to Armenian merchants to implement a silk monopoly policy. This approach also turned to Armenian personal and social experiences and characteristics. The abundance of silk production and its importance as export and strategic commodity, it has led to the adoption of its monopoly policy by Shah Abbas I. (1588-1629).  (Falsafi, 77) Followed by the use of qualified Armenian merchants were implement this policy. Hence, it is a question of how the Armenian merchants played a role in the economy and politics of the Safavid. For a closer look at this role, after looking at the little silk collection bag, it has been tried to explain the reasons for the silk monopoly policy as well as the reasons for the use of Armenian businessmen as executors of this policy. Armenian merchants with their individual and group capabilities have been able to find new markets for Iranian silk in global markets. Accordingly, the study of the Armenian merchants shows that they not only affected Iran's foreign relations and foreign policy but also expanded foreign trade, increased imports of money and goods, the establishment of a balance in foreign trade and the economic situation the social business of the merchants also promoted silk work.
Free Vibration and Buckling Analysis of Parabolic Frame Structures
Authors: Das Oguzhan , Öztürk Hasan , Gönenli Can
Published: December 2019

Numerous engineering structures take place in many fields such as construction, automotive, naval industry, aerospace, etc. Parabolic frame structures have a significant role in those industries. There are many gaps in terms of the literature studies about these structures. In this paper, free vibration and buckling behavior of parabolic frame structures by using the finite element method are investigated. The structure is modeled by considering a frame element that has three degrees of freedom and neglects the displacement in y-axis. In addition, two-bay parabolic frame structure with different radius of curvature is investigated. The numerical results are compared with the CAD model of the structure by using SolidWorks for various cases. It is concluded that the results are in very good agreement with those results that are obtained from SolidWorks. It is also understood that for the different radius of curvatures the approach that is used for finite element buckling analysis in perpendicular distributed loading case does not change.
Framework of 5S Quality Management for University Ecosystem to Achieve Green Campus
Authors: Abu Bakar Nashirah , Rosbi Sofian , Abu Bakar Azizi , Che Arshad Noraziah , Abd Aziz Noriza , Uzaki Kiyotaka
Published: December 2019

The objective of this paper is to evaluate framework of 5S quality management for university ecosystem to achieve green campus. The main elements in 5S quality management are sort (seiri), set in order (seiton), shine (seiso), standardize (seiketsu), and sustain (shitsuke). The 5S quality improvement method is defined as a methodology that results in a workplace that is clean, uncluttered, safe, and well organized to help reduce waste and optimize productivity. It's designed to help build a quality work environment, both physically and mentally. The function of 5S method is to improve process efficiency and safety, reduces waste, prevents errors and defects. This paper focuses on implementation of 5S in university environment that mainly on areas of education system, finance management, man power arrangement, energy saving operation and building maintenance. In the same time, this paper propose evaluation of green 5S quality management in considering effect to environmental issues. The novelty of this framework is it provides academic institutional about standard operational for implementing quality management that considering environmental issues and efficient procedure for proses in management of university.
Adolescencia como factor de riesgo para complicaciones maternas y perinatales en Cali, Colombia, 2002-2007. Estudio de corte transversal
Authors: Congote-Arango Lina María , Vélez-García María Adelaida , Restrepo-Orrego Lisandro , Cubides-Munevar Ángela , Cifuentes-Borrero Rodrigo
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: evaluar la adolescencia como factor de riesgo para complicaciones maternas y perinatales en Cali, Colombia, 2002-2007.Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal, realizado en 29.158 mujeres gestantes de 34 años o menores atendidas en los años 2002-2007 en la red pública del municipio de Santiago de Cali en los tres niveles de atención. Incluyó la base de datos del tercer nivel y una muestra representativa del primer y segundo nivel. Se evaluaron como desenlaces maternos: los trastornos hipertensivos, las alteraciones metabólicas, las hemorragias, las infecciones y las condiciones del parto; como resultados perinatales: la infección, la enfermedad de membrana hialina, el bajo peso al nacer, la restricción del crecimiento intrauterino, la muerte intrauterina y las alteraciones nutricionales. El análisis incluyó la exploración de las variables y el cálculo de la razón de oportunidad e intervalos de confianza del 95%, al comparar madres adolescentes y adultas con resultados materno y perinatales.Resultados: la adolescencia es un factor de riesgo para desarrollar eclampsia (OR = 2,09; IC 95%: 1,48-2,94) con respecto a madres mayores de 20 años y es factor de riesgo para restricción del crecimiento intrauterino (OR = 1,23; IC 95%: 1,08-1,41) En contraste, ser adolescente es un factor protector para el desarrollo de preeclampsia (OR = 0,88; IC 95%: 0,08-0,95) y para muerte intrauterina (OR = 0,84; IC 95%: 0,72-0,99).Conclusiones: el embarazo en la adolescencia incrementa el riesgo para eclampsia y restricción de crecimiento intrauterino, no así para otras morbilidades maternas o perinatales.
Diagnóstico prenatal de la colelitiasis fetal. Reporte de casos y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Molina-Giraldo Saulo , Bermúdes-Roa Jesús , Pinzón Walter Enrique , Torres Luis Clovis , Alfonso Diana Alejandra
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: realizar el reporte de una serie de casos evaluados a través de ecografía convencional y Examen Tridimensional Extendido (3DXI), y realizar una revisión de la literatura respecto a las imágenes más frecuentes de la ecografía de 2 y 3D, y métodos diagnósticos complementarios.Materiales y métodos: se presenta el reporte de tres casos evaluados en la Unidad de Medicina Materno-Fetal de la Clínica Colsubsidio Orquídeas, centro de referencia de nivel III que atiende población embarazada de alto riesgo obstétrico perteneciente al régimen contributivo. Ninguno de los casos se asoció con hallazgo de malformaciones y su evolución fue favorable. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura con base en las palabras clave: colelitiasis fetal, vesícula biliar fetal, barro biliar fetal y diagnóstico prenatal, en las bases de datos Pubmed, Ebsco, Ovid, Proquest desde el año 1980 al 2011. Se incluyeron artículos de revisión, reporte de casos, estudios de validez diagnóstica o estudios de corte transversal publicados durante el mismo periodo.Resultados: se encontraron 41 artículos de los cuales se incluyeron 25 correspondientes a: series de casos (9), revisiones (9), estudios de exactitud diagnóstica (7). El diagnóstico de colelitiasis se hace durante el final del segundo o inicio del tercer trimestre de gestación en el examen de vigilancia y crecimiento fetal, y requiere que sea corroborado posnatalmente. No se han documentado complicaciones asociadas a este diagnóstico en vida posnatal. Generalmente tiene buena evolución prenatal y posnatal, sin secuelas en el futuro y con resolución espontánea. Solo un estudio refiere la resonancia nuclear magnética como una opción posnatal. Los métodos tipo resonancia magnética dinámica (DMR) y 3DXI no fueron referidos en la literatura.Conclusión: la colelitiasis fetal es un hallazgo incidental aunque el diagnóstico generalmente se realiza con ecografía 2D; el examen tridimensional extendido podría ser una nueva herramienta diagnóstica para tener en cuenta como alternativa complementaria en el diagnóstico prenatal.
ON THE ISSUE OF HYGIENIC REQUIREMENTS FOR AIR QUALITY OF ENCLOSED SPACES AT HOUSING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS AT THE STAGE OF COMMISSIONING
Authors: Kriyt Vladimir E. , Sladkova Yu. N. , Badaeva E. A. , Smirnov V. V. , Zaritskaya E. V.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. In accordance with Presidential Decree No. 204 of May 7, 2018, one of the national development goals of the Russian Federation is to improve the living conditions of citizens. The increase in the volume of standard housing construction and the introduction of advanced technologies in the design and construction will lead to the need to develop clear rules for conducting laboratory and instrumental studies of human-environment parameters when commissioning construction or renovation facilities. The emission of harmful substances in the air of closed premises, which should not have a harmful effect on humans in accordance with art. 20 of the Federal Law of 30.03.1999, No. 52-FZ proved to be one of the most significant environmental factors due to the increase in the number of new buildings and finishing materials used in construction and, as a result. Material and methods. In this paper, we analyzed the results of laboratory and instrumental studies of indoor air (enclosed) premises, selected at commissioned facilities, performed using both classical methods for the determination of pollutants, and express methods using universal gas analyzers. Results. The obtained main problems arising during the sanitary-epidemiological examination of the results are considered. Conclusion. The need to develop regulations for the amount of air research conducted in closed premises to evaluate the object as a whole, taking into account the limiting hazard indicator of the substances must be determined.
HYGIENIC EVALUATION OF THE DISLOCATION AND STATE OF RECREATIONS FOR CHILDREN IN THE CITY OF SAINT-PETERSBURG
Authors: Baltrukova Tatyana B. , Janushanets O. I. , Ivanova O. I. , Frolova N. M. , Noskov S. N. , Levanchuk A. V.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. Children’s playgrounds are an integral part of the infrastructure of urban and rural settlements, a place of active recreation and development of children. Analysis of the regulatory framework governing the location and environmental condition of the territory of children’s playgrounds, the order of their operation allowed establishing the absence of a single document that permits to control their content. Material and methods. Sanitary-and-epidemiologic condition of playgrounds were assessed according to their location relative to residential development and roads, the extent of landscaping, the levels of pollution of atmospheric air and soil, the level of gamma radiation, the effective specific activity of natural radionuclides in the sand of the sandbox. Microbiological contamination of soil and sand of sandboxes was estimated by the content of pathogenic microorganisms and worm eggs in them. A total of 82 sites were surveyed: 38 in the historical part of the city and 44 in the areas of the modern development of St. Petersburg. Statistical analysis of the research results was carried out using the program Statistica 8. Results. The emissions of vehicles polluted the air of playgrounds with nitrogen dioxide It was found to be by 3 times higher than the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) in the Central part of the city and 2 times - in the areas of modern development. The concentrations of lead in the soil exceeded MPC by 5-10 times in the historical part of the city and by 1.1 - 3 MPC in the modern districts, the complex index of soil pollution with Zc accounted for 64-128 and 16-32, respectively. According to sanitary and bacteriological indices, the studied soil samples were classified as “clean”. The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in samples of sand sandboxes ranged from 46 ± 12 - 320 ± 35 Bq/kg There was common a violation of the integrity of the sites and acts of vandalism. Conclusion. The results of the study convincingly prove the need to create a single regulatory document defining the structure responsible for the choice of the territory for children’s playground, its maintenance, operation of equipment, as well as the rules of control and supervision.
PROBLEMS OF OUTDOOR AIR QUALITY HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT IN THE CITIES OF THE LENINGRAD REGION
Authors: Fedorov Vladimir N. , Tikhonova N. A. , Novikova Yu. A. , Kovshov A. A. , Istorik O. A. , Myasnikov I. O.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. The evaluation of the contribution of enterprises to the formation of levels of air pollution and the directly associated public health risk is of particular relevance during the hygienic assessment of outdoor air quality in populated areas. In this case, the results of computer simulation of concentrations in atmospheric air in many cases differ significantly from the results of field studies (monitoring), which can lead to a significant distortion of the expected risk levels. In this regard, the stage of exposure (impact) assessment as one of the problematic stages of the risk assessment for public health can be considered. Material and methods. The object of the study was the level of air pollution in industrialized cities of the Leningrad Region - Vyborg, Kirishi, Tikhvin, Gatchina. There was delivered a list of priority enterprises-sources of air pollution in the studied cities, from the emissions of which the average annual air concentrations in populated areas were modeled. To assess the actual air pollution, the results of field studies (monitoring) for the period 2015-2017 were analyzed. Based on the results of the calculation of air pollution and field data, the calculation of chronic non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to public health was performed. Results. In all the cities studied, no exceeding the permissible values of risk was found on the basis of calculated average annual values of pollutants generated from the emissions of enterprises. At the same time, similar calculations of risk, made on the basis of actual concentrations of pollutants in the atmospheric air, according to long-term monitoring data, showed significantly higher values. The highest risk values, taking into account field data on the background level of atmospheric pollution, are typical for the cities of Kirishi and Vyborg, where the list of controlled pollutants is wider, due to including iron, cadmium, manganese and copper. These air pollutants can be considered a priority for the cities studied because of the unacceptably high level of non-carcinogenic risk caused by them. Conclusion. Unacceptably high levels of non-carcinogenic risk from background air pollution in the cities of Kirishi and Vyborg are due to iron, cadmium, and copper, which are practically absent in the emission structure of enterprises in these cities. It may be due, on the one hand, to insufficient consideration of the contribution of all potential sources (including motor transport), and on the other hand, to be a consequence of the inaccuracy of laboratory research techniques. It is advisable to pay attention to the problem of organizing the monitoring of air quality in populated areas, including with the above pollutants.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF TRAINING SPECIALISTS IN PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY
Authors: Onishchenko G. G. , Nikolayeva Natalia I. , Khamidulina Kh. Kh. , Filin A. S. , Korolev A. A. , Nikitenko E. I.
Published: December 2019

The new chemical threats, existing and constantly emerging to public health require the improvement of the system of training specialists in the field of preventive toxicology. Preventive toxicology is an independent discipline. However, medical and preventive doctors carrying out hygienic regulation, assessment of toxicity and hazard of chemicals and dealing with prevention and risk assessment of the effects of xenobiotics on human health, have only basic toxicology training. Currently, in the nomenclature of the professional standard in the specialty “Medical and Preventive Business”, the specialty “Preventive Toxicology” is absent, and the number of hours allocated for studying this section is very limited.Diploma education in the field of preventive toxicology is carried out on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education in the specialty “Medical and Preventive care”, within the framework of which specialized hygienic disciplines with components of preventive toxicology are taught. At the postgraduate education stage, issues of chemical safety and preventive toxicology are addressed only in selected educational institutions, for example, on certification cycles in hygienic specialties, as well as on short-term specialized advanced training cycles.At the Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, a separate training module on preventive toxicology was developed and introduced into the educational process. One of the main objectives of the development of this curriculum was the formation of the students’ algorithms for conducting toxicological research and approaches to the evaluation of the results. At this stage of the training, students study in-depth laboratory toxicological methods, the adaptation mechanisms of the organism, and questions of extrapolation of human data obtained in animal experiments, the pathogenesis of intoxication and long-term effects of exposure to harmful substances. The analysis of the system of training specialists in the field of preventive toxicology suggests the need to improve the forms and methods of teaching students, primarily through the development of skills to work with data registries and toxicological laboratories, using the capabilities of research institutes and institutions of the of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare
THE SELECTION OF THE RESPIRATORS AS A RESULT OF STUDIES OF THEIR WORKPLACE PROTECTION FACTORS (REVIEW)
Authors: Kaptsov Valery A. , Chirkin A. V.
Published: December 2019

Currently, respiratory protective devices (RPD) play an important role in the system of the workers’ protection from the polluted atmosphere in the Russian Federation. The article describes the history of evaluation of workplace protection factors (WPFs) in USA and UK, and their impact on the law requirements for the employers (in developed countries), that determine the selection of RPD for known workplaces’ conditions. WPFs measurements revealed a low efficiency of the four types of RPD compared to measurements in laboratories. This difference prompted a change in the requirements for employers. The Assigned Protection Factors of three types of Powered Air Purifying Respirators (PAPRs) were reduced: for PAPRs with a full facepiece - from 2000 to 40; for PAPRs with hood or helmet - from 1000 to 25; for PAPRs with half mask - from 500 to 50. The Assigned Protection Factor of gas masks was reduced from 900 to 40. Western requirements for selecting RPD are compared with the practice and recommendations for choosing RPD in the RF. There were revealed significant differences increasing the risk of acute poisoning and the development of chronic diseases among workers. Specific recommendations are given to reduce these risks: reduction of air pollution in the workplaces; development of requirements for the selection of RPD in the RF, based on the best Western requirements; participation of the industrial hygienists in the development of requirements for RPD and training materials for the specialists and workers; development and implementation of the Biological Exposure Indices.
ESTIMATION OF EFFICIENCY OF OSTEOPATHIC CORRECTION OF FUNCTIONAL STATE OF STUDENT ORGANISM UNDER INCREASED PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL LOADS
Authors: Egorova I. A. , Buchnov A. D. , Buynov Leonid G. , Plakhov N. N. , Usachev V. I. , Mikhailova E. S. , Sorokina L. A.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. The social changes happening in the country for the last 25 years negatively affected the state of health of citizens, mainly younger generation. It is expressed in the gain in the morphological and functional of deviations, the general incidence of teenagers, deterioration in psychosomatic health of youth as a result of high compensatory and adaptive exertion up to nervous breakdowns. Purpose. To estimate efficiency of correction of a functional condition of an organism of students by means of osteopathic influence at the raised psychological and emotional loads during exams. Material and methods. 15 almost healthy students of pedagogical higher education institution, at the age of 22.4±0.7 under increased psychological and emotional exertion during exams acted as examinees. Changes of indices of the osteopathic status and a functional condition of the central nervous system of students directly before osteopathic correction, right after influence and also in 3 weeks were estimated. Results. The osteopathic correction was established to promote a significant improvement in students according to values of indices of functional mobility of nervous processes in the cerebral cortex; a mental state on nosological and syndromologic scales; - indices of the osteopathic status Conclusion. Single osteopathic correction leads to optimization of the mental status, mobility, and steadiness of nervous processes, and also to reduction of processes of excitement in a cerebral cortex both right after influence and in 3 weeks after its carrying out. Also improvement of attention and memory in students in 3 weeks after an influence, and right after carrying out correction - decrease in an uneasiness index in them and the general functional status is noted. Results of research revealed need of carrying out further research on the development of the modes of correction for the purpose of the introduction it in educational process.
HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF THE THERMOS CAR FOR TRANSPORTING FOOD PRODUCTS
Authors: Tikhova T. S. , Kaptsov Valery A. , Korotich L. P. , Leksin A. G. , Morgunov A. V.
Published: December 2019

Recently, due to the increasing volume of traffic and the lack of specialized transport, new engineering solutions are being sought, one of which is the modernization of the existing fleet of thermos cars to extend their service life. The aim of this study was the hygienic assessment of the modernized thermos car model 16-6894 for its compliance with the current Rules for the carriage of perishable goods by rail. Perishable goods include food products requiring compliance with certain temperature and humidity conditions during storage and transportation. To confirm the compliance of the temperature in the thermos car with the requirements of sanitary and hygienic rules and regulations, a corresponding study was conducted. According to a special program, tests were carried out to determine the time of heating the air in a thermos car using a simulator of deep-frozen products (frozen water) in order to further establish the deadlines for transportation in the summer and transitional periods of the year. The result of the research was the development of computer software that allows predicting the timing of transportation of any frozen food for certain specified conditions.
The Quantum Black Hole as a Gravitational Hydrogen Atom
Authors: Corda Christian , Feleppa Fabiano
Published: December 2019

In this paper only one basic assumption has been made: if we try to describe black holes, their behavior should be understood in the same language as the one we use for particles; black holes should be treated just like atoms. They must be quantum forms of matter, moving in accordance with Schrödinger equations just like everything else. In particular, Rosen’s quantization approach to the gravitational collapse is applied in the simple case of a pressureless “star of dust” by finding the gravitational potential, the Schrödinger equation and the solution for the collapse’s energy levels. By applying the constraints for a Schwarzschild black hole (BH) and by using the concept of BH effective state, previously introduced by one of the authors (CC), the BH quantum gravitational potential, Schrödinger equation and the BH energy spectrum are found. Remarkably, such an energy spectrum is in agreement (in its absolute value) with the one which was conjectured by Bekenstein in 1974 and consistent with other ones in the literature. This approach also permits to find an interesting quantum representation of the Schwarzschild BH ground state at the Planck scale. Moreover, two fundamental issues about black hole quantum physics are addressed by this model: the area quantization and the singularity resolution. As regards the former, a result similar to the one obtained by Bekenstein, but with a different coefficient, has been found. About the latter, it is shown that the traditional classical singularity in the core of the Schwarzschild BH is replaced, in a full quantum treatment, by a two-particle system where the two components strongly interact with each other via a quantum gravitational potential. The two-particle system seems to be non-singular from the quantum point of view and is analogous to the hydrogen atom because it consists of a “nucleus” and an “electron”.
A Review Paper on Simulation Based Six Sigma Approach in Quality Assurance
Authors: Sirshar Mehreen , Hanif Iqra , Shahzad Sidra , Khalid Muneeza
Published: December 2019

The main purpose of this research is to use “DMAIC” and “DMADV” framework of six sigma to reduce cost of projects, increase yields, improve performance and reduce defects. This study conclude that the sigma level of cement bag production in four production lines is “4.7 DPMO” values of 710 and the possibility of defects per unit of 11 possibilities this situation was handled by using six sigma. Any business or industry run only to satisfy customer and increase their profits, this can be attained as development of quality product..For the ranking of newly established universities the certification of those institutes is very important and also a critical process. For this process we used Lean six sigma approach that can identify the wastes that affect this process.Six sigma can be applied to any work field such as education, power optimization and other types of industries Six sigma “DMAIC” approach is also used for the testing of EDA tools that occurs due to the complex coding or configurations, flows and platforms they support. To improve the process quality of SDLC it’s necessary to remove the defects of system in advance along with thorough valuation of size and it also makes project accordant with real time environment
PEMBUATAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BACA TULIS HITUNG (CALISTUNG) BAGI MASYARAKAT DI DISTRIK ULILIN
Authors: Andi Andi Saparuddin Nur , Nggaruaka Tobias , Kichi Hermansyah Agus
Published: December 2019

Abstract

The ability of Calistung is a basic knowledge that must be possessed by someone to be able to learn various things. Merauke Regency still has lliteracy problems related to the low ability of Calistung, especially in Baidub Village, Ulilin District. The purpose of this service is to provide training and assistance to the community in Kampung Baidub to be able to improve the ability of Calistung. Service methods used are through the stages of observation, socialization, mentoring training, monitoring and evaluation. The activity will take place in May-August 2019 with the target of the illiterate community and students of Bupul XII Elementary Inpres in Baidub Village, Ulilin District. The results of this dedication were obtained by Calistung learning media in the form of simple counting tools (abacus), picture cards, word boards, and Calistung books. The level of community participation and students participating in the activities is very high as indicated by the ability of the community Calistung and elementary students in Baidub Village to increase after the implementation of the service.

Abstrak

Kemampuan Calistung merupakan pengetahuan dasar yang harus dimiliki oleh seseorang untuk dapat mempelajari berbagai hal. Kabupaten Merauke masih memiliki permasalahan penuntasan buta aksara terkait rendahnya kemampuan Calistung khususnya di Kampung Baidub, Distrik Ulilin. Tujuan dilaksanakannya pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada masyarakat di Kampung Baidub agar mampu meningkatkan kemampuan Calistung. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan melalui tahapan observasi, sosialisasi, pelatihan pendampingan, monitoring dan evaluasi. Pelaksanaan kegiatan berlangsung pada Bulan Mei-Agustus 2019 dengan sasaran masyarakat buta aksara dan siswa SD Inpres Bupul XII di Kampung Baidub, Distrik Ulilin. Hasil pengabdian ini diperoleh media pembelajaran calistung berupa alat hitung sederhana (sempoa), kartu bergambar, papan kata, dan buku Calistung. Tingkat partsisipasi masyarakat dan siswa mengikuti kegiatan tergolong sangat tinggi yang ditunjukkan dengan kemampuan Calistung masyarakat dan siswa SD di Kampung Baidub mengalami peningkatan setelah pelaksanaan pengabdian.
Skills and Training Requirements for the Future Transportation Sector of Europe
Authors: Bekiaris E. , Loukea M.
Published: December 2019

More than 10 million people are directly employed by the transport industry in Europe, accounting for 4.5 % of total employment and representing 4.6 % of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This fact, combined with the rapid developments and changes of the sector, makes imperative the need to create, attract and retain appropriate staff. As the overall trend is to increase automation, the sector will depend more and more on specialised equipment and products. Future jobs will therefore require new and advanced skills in engineering as well as in back office operations, but at the same time, the growing interdisciplinary elements of transport activities will also require transport professionals with developed skills in safety, security, logistics, IT, behavioural sciences, marketing and economics. The European Research project SKILLFUL has developed a structured foresight into the vocational and academic qualifications in the Transportation sector of the future and has proposed training schemes and their supportive business models that could ideally be adopted European-wide, to enhance employability and sustainable industrial development in the transportation sector in Europe. The identification of future requirements constituted the basis of the project. The impact of new technologies and game changers, as well as emphasis on intermodality and interdisciplinarity on employability and future worker skills, have led to the development of relevant scenarios on future jobs knowledge and skills requirements, regarding the road transport in Europe. This has led to the identification and design of proper and specific curricula for training (with emphasis on middle-skilled professionals and lifelong learning), while also to the introduction of six novel concepts of business actors, expected to facilitate the training process and enhance the transport-education chain. The project goes a step beyond by addressing also critical issues towards a PanEuropean master curriculum on transport.
Analysis of Trams’ Consumption Depending on the Type of Traffic Light Used
Authors: Czerepicki A. , Górka A. , Szustek J.
Published: December 2019

In the XXI century, when environmental awareness is growing and the impact of human activity on the planet is more and more noticeable, striving to minimize energy consumption seems to be a necessary direction in the development of technology. This development cannot take place without an initial understanding and describing the relationships influencing specific technologies. It also needs empirical verification of assumed theories. Modern trams play an important role in the functioning of urban transport. Being one of the oldest modes of environmentally friendly transport, in European capitals they are currently perceived as one of the most convenient means of transport. This is due, among other things, to the high velocity of transport along the route. The energy consumed by trams indirectly depends on the driving characteristics, i. e. speed, acceleration and stops on the route, which are also caused by stopping at traffic light controlled junctions. This paper presents the results of an experiment showing the change in the level of electric energy consumption depending on the applied method of traffic light control. This article presents the conditions influencing the power consumption in trams, describes the possible strategies of traffic lights control and their consequences for other traffic participants. The research was carried out in real conditions in everyday traffic, measuring the level of electricity consumption in case of both fixed-time and actuated signaling with full priority for trams. On the examined section there were both modern asynchronous-drive as well as traditional resistor-drive vehicles. The conclusions drawn from the survey confirm the validity of introducing modern solutions and may be useful for estimating investment costs.
Anemia, deficiencias de zinc y hierro, consumo de suplementos y morbilidad en niños mexicanos de 1 a 4 años: resultados de la Ensanut 100k
Authors: De la Cruz-Góngora Vanessa , Martínez-Tapia Brenda , Cuevas-Nasu Lucía , Rangel-Baltazar Eduardo , Medina-Zacarías María Concepción , García-Guerra Armando , Villalpando Salvador , Rebollar Rosario , Shamah-Levy Teresa
Published: December 2019

Objetivo. Analizar la asociación entre el consumo de suple­mentos o leche Liconsa y anemia, deficiencias de zinc (DZ) y hierro (DH) y morbilidad en niños mexicanos residentes de localidades menores a 100 000 habitantes. Material y métodos. Se analizó información de 1 516 niños de 1 a 4 años de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición en locali­dades con menos de 100 000 habitantes realizada en el año 2018. Se definió Anemia si [Hb]<11 g/dL, DZ: [Zn]<65 μg/dL y DH: [ferritina]<12 μg/L. El consumo de suplementos y de leche Liconsa se obtuvo del cuestionario de Frecuencia de Consumo de Alimentos y morbilidad por autorreporte de la madre. Se emplearon modelos de regresión logística múltiple para el análisis de las asociaciones, ajustados por confusores. Resultados. El consumo medio y alto de leche Liconsa se asoció con menor momio de DH (RM=0.02 [IC95% 0.002,0.24] y RM=0.07 [IC95% 0.01,0.52]) y anemia (RM=0.13 [IC95% 0.04,0.37] y RM=0.17 [IC95% 0.03,0.87]). Un alto consumo de leche Liconsa (RM=0.09, [IC95% 0.01,0.44]) y de Vitaniño (RM=0.05 [IC95% 0.005, 0.46]) se asoció con menor momio de diarrea. Conclusiones. Es necesario considerar la continui­dad del consumo de suplementos nutricionales para mejorar la salud y el estado de micronutrimentos en población infantil mexicana vulnerable.
Tendencias en las coberturas de vacunación en niños de 12 a 23 y 24 a 35 meses en México
Authors: Mongua-Rodríguez Norma , Hubert Celia , Ferreira-Guerrero Elizabeth , De Castro Filipa , Ferreyra-Reyes Leticia , Villalobos-Hernández Aremis , Cruz-Hervert Pablo , Delgado-Sánchez Guadalupe , Díaz-Ortega José Luis , Romero-Martínez Martín , García-García Lourdes
Published: December 2019

Objetivo. Comparar coberturas de vacunación en niños de 12-23 y 24-35 meses de edad de localidades menores de 100 000 habitantes en México, entre 2012 (Encuesta Nacio­nal de Salud y Nutrición [Ensanut] 2012) y 2018 (Ensanut 100k). Material y métodos. Estimación de coberturas con ambas encuestas. Resultados. Entre 2012 y 2018, se mantuvo la cobertura del Esquema básico, con comprobante y autorreporte, en niños de 12-23 (51.6 vs. 60.2%) y 24-35 meses (51.4 vs. 50.0%), y sólo con comprobante (53.9 vs. 51.3% y 52.8 vs. 44.2%). Se mantuvo la cobertura del Esquema básico más refuerzos en niños de 24-35 meses, comprobante y autorreporte (30.9 vs. 34.0%) y sólo con comprobante (30.2 vs. 27.8%). Disminuyeron las coberturas con segunda y tercera dosis de hepatitis B en niños de 12-23 y 24-35 meses, y con primera dosis de triple viral (SRP) y tercera de pentavalente en niños de 24-35 meses. Conclusiones. Se mantuvieron las coberturas del Esquema básico y Esquema básico más refuerzos aunque disminuyeron las coberturas con hepatitis B, pentavalente y SRP.
La condición indígena en los servicios de salud: comparación de la calidad en la atención 2012-2018 para la población en pobreza
Authors: Flores-Hernández Sergio , Mendoza-Alvarado Laura Rosario , Vieyra-Romero Waldo Iván , Moreno-Zegbe Estephanía , Bautista-Morales Arturo Cuauhtémoc , Reyes-Morales Hortensia
Published: December 2019

Objetivo. Comparar la percepción de la calidad de aten­ción ambulatoria de servicios de salud en 2012 y 2018, por condición indígena y no indígena. Material y métodos. Con información de dos encuestas poblacionales (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición [Ensanut] 2012 y Ensanut 100k) se analizó la calidad de atención con indicadores de estructura, proceso, resultado en salud y satisfacción. Resultados. En­tre 2012 y 2018 aumentó la utilización de servicios privados, disminuyó la buena opinión sobre las condiciones del lugar y la percepción de tiempo de espera corto para utilizadores no indígenas. Para servicios públicos se mantuvo alto el surtimiento de medicamentos, disminuyó la realización de estudios de laboratorio y gabinete en la unidad de atención y la explicación del tratamiento farmacológico principalmente en no indígenas. La percepción de mejoría y la satisfacción fue buena. Conclusión. Es prioritario un modelo de atención ambulatoria acorde con las necesidades y expectativas de la población más vulnerable y, principalmente, indígena.
Prevalencia, diagnóstico y control de hipertensión arterial en adultos mexicanos en condición de vulnerabilidad. Resultados de la Ensanut 100k
Authors: Campos-Nonato Ismael , Hernández-Barrera Lucía , Flores-Coria Alejandra , Gómez-Álvarez Enrique , Barquera Simón
Published: December 2019

Objetivo. Describir la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial (HTA) en ad cia, diagnóstico y control de hipertensión arterial en adultos mexicanos en condición de vulnerabilidad. Resultados de la Ensanut 100k ultos en condición de vulnerabilidad, el porcentaje de ellos con diagnóstico previo y la proporción con control adecuado. Material y métodos. Se midió la tensión arterial a 7 838 adultos participantes en la Ensanut 100k. Se clasificó como hipertensos a quienes autorreportaron el diag­nóstico de HTA o presentaban tensión arterial sistólica (TAS) ≥130mmHg o tensión arterial diastólica (TAD) ≥80mmHg. Se consideró tensión arterial controlada cuando la TAS fue <130mmHg y la TAD <80mmHg. Resultados. La preva­lencia de HTA en adultos en condición de vulnerabilidad fue de 49.2%, de los cuales 54.7% desconocía tener HTA. De los hipertensos que recibían tratamiento farmacológico (69.0%), el 66.8% tuvo tensión arterial controlada. Conclusiones. Casi la mitad de los adultos mexicanos en condición de vul­nerabilidad tiene HTA y de ellos, más de la mitad desconoce que tiene esta enfermedad. Asimismo, un tercio de los adultos hipertensos tiene un inadecuado control de su enfermedad.
Desnutrición crónica en población infantil de localidades con menos de 100 000 habitantes en México
Authors: Cuevas-Nasu Lucía , Gaona-Pineda Elsa Berenice , Rodríguez-Ramírez Sonia , Morales-Ruán María Del Carmen , González-Castell Luz Dinorah , García-Feregrino Raquel , Gómez-Acosta Luz María , Ávila-Arcos Marco Antonio , Shamah-Levy Teresa , Rivera-Dommarco Juan
Published: December 2019

Objetivo. Describir la prevalencia de desnutrición infantil y algunas características sociodemográficas asociadas con la desnutrición crónica en menores de cinco años, de localidades de menos de 100 000 habitantes en 2012 y 2018 en Méxi­co. Material y métodos. Se calcularon prevalencias de bajo peso, desnutrición crónica y emaciación. Se presenta la comparación de la desnutrición crónica por variables socio­demográficas y de diversidad dietética. Se probaron modelos logísticos multivariados entre desnutrición crónica y variables sociodemográficas. Resultados. En 2018, 4.4% presentó bajo peso, 14.9% desnutrición crónica y 1.5% emaciación. La desnutrición crónica fue mayor en hogares indígenas (24.5%), hogares de mayores carencias socioeconómicas (17.5%) y hogares con inseguridad alimentaria moderada/severa (15.3%). La desnutrición crónica se asoció positivamente con habitar hogar indígena y la alta diversidad dietética resultó factor protector de desnutrición crónica. Conclusiones. Se documenta una alta prevalencia de desnutrición crónica asociada con condiciones de alta marginalidad. Es importante fortalecer estrategias diseñadas para contener la desnutrición, sobre todo en las poblaciones de mayores carencias sociales.
La salud de los mexicanos que habitan en localidades de menos de 100 000 habitantes
Authors: Rivera-Dommarco Juan , Shamah-Levy Teresa , Barrientos-Gutiérrez Tonatiuh , Bautista-Arredondo Sergio , Romero-Martínez Martín , Pelcastre-Villafuerte Blanca , Torres-Pereda Pilar
Published: December 2019

Objetivo. Describir la situación de salud y nutrición de la población mexicana que habita en localidades de menos de 100 000 habitantes (100k) para el año 2018 y compararla con una muestra con características similares en 2012. Material y métodos. Se presentan los resultados sobre la salud y nutrición de la población más relevantes analizados en 19 artículos sobre el acceso y utilización de los servicios de salud, la situación de salud y nutrición por grupos de edad y sobre los hogares afectados por inseguridad alimentaria. Resultados. Se obtuvo información de salud y nutrición a nivel nacional en población de localidades <100k, caracterizada por tener mayo­res condiciones de pobreza. Conclusiones. En México pre­valecen desigualdades en las condiciones de salud y nutrición de la población. Los hallazgos son de utilidad para desarrollar políticas públicas capaces de reducir las desigualdades en salud, con el objeto de lograr la equidad social.