bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Ultimate Cure For The Covid Syndemic
Authors: Biro Jan
Published: December 2024

Background: Four research article had been published recently in peer-reviewed scientific journals reviewing and reevaluating the key statistical data of the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA. The first article [1] introduced the “political score” for quantitative characterization of the political orientation of the 50 states and concluded that the most alarming signals regarding the dangerousness of COVID infection had been originating in a few states with predominantly left oriented citizens.The second article [2] critically reviewed the diagnostic and statistical support for COVID epidemic in USA and concluded, that many states largely ignored the importance of a) specific viral tests and b) considerations of the “natural”, age-related deaths when determining and reporting the correct number of COVID mortality and lethality. The third article [3] focused on the effects of restrictions on the COVID lethality and concluded that restrictions had no health benefits at all. The fourth article [4] focused on the “human” contributions to the demages caused by the virus and concluded, that much of the negative effects of the pandemic was actually self-made. Objective: The resent article is aiming to go one step further and concludes that much of the mistakes during the COVID pandemic were a) the result of well-meaning but poorly executed actions by unprofessional actors; b) the excessive involvement of left oriented states in the overestimation of the virus related harm and enforcement of harsh restrictions were the signs of political bias; c) there were strong political and monetary motives behind the interpretation of the COVID events. We can understand and even forgive the ignorance and political blindness behind most of the mistakes, however the economic incentive is not excusable. Profiting on other people’s fear and despair is - in our opinion - a criminal act even if it is not by any means a new phenomenon in the history of mankind. Conclusion: It is suggested that the “new” political and scientific leaders (following the latest presidential election in 2024) seriously consider invoking the Federal False Claim Act for definitively ending the COVID syndemic in the USA and effectively preventing ‘relapse’ in the near future.
Harm Perception and Result Awareness Study for Tertiary Prevention in Patients with Comorbidity of Substance Use Disorder and Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Tarhan Nevzat , Demirsoy Çiğdem , Tutgun Ünal Aylin
Published: December 2024

The long-term protective effect of self-awareness in substance use disorders, described as a type of brain disease, is currently being discussed and is called tertiary prevention. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the contribution of a positive psychotherapy program implemented in tertiary prevention by repeatedly measuring patients’ levels of harm perception and result awareness. One-group pre-test post-test experimental model was used according to the quantitative method. The sample of the study consisted of 44 patients who applied to AMATEM and were diagnosed with substance use disorder and/or alcohol use disorder and comorbid bipolar disorder. Two groups were formed by taking into account comorbidities: The first group consisted of 30 individuals with substance use disorder and/or alcohol use disorder. The second group consisted of 14 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder together with substance use disorder. The data were collected with the Uskudar Harm Perception Scale (USHPS) and the Uskudar Result Awareness Scale (USRAS), developed by Tarhan, Demirsoy and Tutgun-Ünal. As a result of the study, the pre-test and post-test scores of the patients differed, and their awareness levels increased after the psychotherapy program. It was understood that the program and measurement tools contributed to the tertiary prevention studies.
Development and Validation of a Quantitative Score for the Criteria Clinical Control in Stable COPD
Authors: Calle Rubio Myriam , Soler-Cataluña Juan José , Miravitlles Marc , Alcázar-Navarrete Bernardino , Lopez-Campos José Luis , Fuentes-Ferrer Manuel E , Rodríguez Hermosa Juan Luis
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The control of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) introduces a novel evaluative element in the management of COPD. There is a need for promoting its evaluation through a quantitative assessment to facilitate the interpretation of longitudinal changes. Objective: To develop a scoring system that quantitatively assesses the validated criteria defining the degree of COPD control. Methods: This study utilized data from the EPOCONSUL audit. Included were patients with documented COPD clinical control grades estimated and reported by physicians, and the necessary criteria to define clinical control degrees. Patients were randomly assigned to either the development or validation cohorts. Score modeling was conducted using a multivariate logistic regression model, and calibration of the model and score was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test and GiViTi Calibration belts. The model and generated score's discrimination capacity were analyzed by calculating the Area Under Curve (AUC). Results: The development cohort included 485 patients and the validation cohort included 341 patients. The scoring system was developed using four criteria as predictors of poor clinical control of COPD reported by the treating physician: adjusted dyspnea severity, use of rescue inhaler more than three times per week, walking less than 30 minutes per day, and COPD exacerbations in the last three months. The scoring system attributed scores from 0 to 8. Calibration was satisfactory in both development and validation cohorts, and the score’s discrimination power, as indicated by the AUC, was 0.892. Conclusions: This scoring system provides a quantitative assessment of clinical control in COPD.
Repurposing FDA-Approved Agents to Develop a Prototype Helicobacter Pylori Shikimate Kinase (HPSK) inhibitor: A Computational Approach Using Virtual Screening, MM-GBSA Calculation, MD Simulations, and DFT Analysis
Authors: Al Khzem Abdulaziz H. , Shoaib Tagyedeen H. , Mukhtar Rua M. , Alturki Mansour S. , Gomaa Mohamed S. , Hussein Dania , Tawfeeq Nada , Bano Mohsina , Sarafroz Mohammad , Alzahrani Raghad , Alghamdi Hanin , Rants’o Thankhoe A.
Published: December 2024

Background/ Objectives: Helicobacter pylori infects approximately half of the global popu-lation, causing chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer, a leading cause of can-cer mortality. While current therapies face challenges from rising antibiotic resistance, particularly to clarithromycin, alongside treatment complexity and costs, the World Health Organization has prioritized the development of new antibiotics to combat this high-risk pathogen. In this study, we employed computer-aided drug design (CADD) methodologies, including molecular docking, Molecular Mechanics-Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA) analysis, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, to explore the potential repurposing of FDA-approved agents as inhibitors of Helicobacter pylori shikimate kinase (HpSK). Meth-ods: Using the Glide module, the HTVS method was initially applied to screen 1,615 FDA-followed by extra-precision (XP) docking for the obtained 111 hits. The obtained XP scores were used to confine the results to those hits with a score above the reference ligand, Shikimate, score. This yielded 31 final hits with an XP score above -5.867. MM-GBSA cal-culations were performed on these top candidates and the reference ligand to refine the analysis and compounds’ prioritization. Results: The 31 compounds displayed binding free energy (ΔGbind) values ranging from 3.61 to -55.92 kcal/mol, with shikimate exhibiting a ΔGbind of -34.24 kcal/mol and ten hits having lower ΔGbind value. Out of these ten, three drugs—Dolutegravir, Cangrelor, and Isavuconazonium—were selected for further analy-sis based on their drug-like properties. Robust and stable binding profiles for both Isavuconazonium and Cangrelor were verified via molecular dynamics simulation. Addi-tionally, Density Functional Theory (DFT) analysis was conducted, and the Highest Oc-cupied Molecular Orbitals (HOMO), Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbitals (LUMO), and the energy gap (HLG) between them were calculated. All three drug candidates displayed lower (HLG) values than shikimate, suggesting higher reactivity and more efficient elec-tronic transitions than the reference ligand. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the identified drugs, although not optimal for direct repurposing, would serve as promising leads against Helicobacter pylori shikimate kinase. These drugs could be valuable leads for experimental assessment and further optimization, particularly with no prototype yet has been identified. In terms of potential of clinical repurposing, the results pointed to diflunisal as a promising candidate for further testing.
Possibilities for Controlling the Most Important Diseases and Pests of Sour Cherries and Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Fruits
Authors: Tamaš Nenad , Trifunović Bojana Špirović , Brkić Dragica , Miletić Novica , Sretenović Marko
Published: December 2024

The effects of the various protection programs to control the European cherry fruit fly, cherry brown rot and cherry leaf spot on sour cherry were investigated. The effects of acetamiprid, spinetoram, dodine, boscalid and pyraclostrobin, applied alone and in combination with sucrose, were determined using standard EPPO methods. The residues of the applied pesticides were determined in the cherry fruit using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The highest efficiency in controlling the European cherry fruit fly was achieved by applying acetamiprid twice and spinetoram three times during fruit ripening. Successful protection of cherries against brown rot was achieved with a single application of boscalid and pyraclostrobin with the addition of sucrose. Dodine in combination with boscalid and pyraclostrobin had good efficacy in controlling cherry leaf spot, which increased with the addition of sucrose. The residues of spinetoram, boscalid and pyraclostrobin were below the limit of quantification, while only acetamiprid and dodine residues were detected in the fruit samples, but these were well below the maximum residue levels. This study has shown that there are several alternative protection programs that can be used to successfully protect cherries against the European cherry fruit fly and diseases during the critical stage of fruit ripening, with residue levels below the prescribed maximum levels.
The Applications of s-Triazine Based Compounds as Potential Antifungal Agents: A Mini-Review
Authors: Hao Yu Meng , Wang Meng Yuan , Liao Hao Yan , Liu Meng Lu , Zhang Da Zhi , Xie Fei
Published: December 2024

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) pose a serious threat to human health and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. In addition, the emergence of drug-resistant fungi has created an unmet medical need for the development of new classes of antifungal agents. The s-triazines are six-membered, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffolds with a broad range of biological properties and have received considerable attention in medical chemistry. This review highlights recent literature reports of s-triazines derivatives as potential antifungal agents with a focus on their structure-activity relationships (SAR) which paves the way for the design and synthesis of more active s-triazine antifungal candidates.
The Milk Fat Globule Membrane: from Neurocognitive Development to Infant Formula Supplementation
Authors: Givonetti Annalisa , Pennazio Rossana , Cavaletto Maria
Published: December 2024

The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) surrounds and protects the fat globules present in milk. The addition of MFGM to infant formula has gained recognition as a means to enhance its nutritional profile. MFGM is rich in bioactive components such as phospholipids, glycoproteins, and enzymes, which are believed to support various aspects of infant development. Studies suggest that MFGM supplementation in formula may contribute to improved neurocognitive development. The incorporation of MFGM in infant formulas is an area of ongoing research and development to provide optimal nutrition for infants who are not exclusively breastfed. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) provide guidelines for the essential composition of infant formula and the food-safety of milk and milk products. To elucidate the mechanisms by which MFGM contributes to neurocognitive development, the review highlights the metabolic pathways in the brain and brain gut-axis of the newborn and their correlation with MFGM.
Blockchain and the Unexpected in Hybrid Reality: Taming Complexity of Sustainable Supply Chains
Authors: Pirani Massimiliano , Cucchiarelli Alessandro , Naeem Tariq , Spalazzi Luca
Published: December 2024

Hybrid Reality (HR) is the place where human beings and artificial entities interact. The HR modelling relies on the cognitive power of humans and AI simultaneously, and can be applied in complex processes subject to the influence of unforeseen events. The Blockchain framework, seen under a new cyber-systemic perspective, provides new opportunities and tools for the purposeful organisation and control of the HR. In the HR model, the Blockchain is challenged against the Law of Requisite Variety and used to ground purposeful interactions of the actors involved. A Cybersystemic Security Kit is here defined as main ground for the methodology that is a candidate to offer a viable breakthroughs in the field with respect to the best practices of Industry 5.0. It integrates, in a transdisciplinary fashion, issues at least from the fields of management cybernetics, systems engineering, and computer science.
Ongoing research and experimentation in the real field of sustainable supply chains is used to confirm this perspective, which is likely to be replicated and scaled up. The industrial target is the primary one in its multi-dimensional and multi-faced sustainability impacts, but this study will also reveal a potential to other societal areas of intervention.
Synthesis of Granular Free- Binder ZSM-5 Zeolites with a Hierarchical Porous Structure Using Different Amorphous Aluminosilicates
Authors: Ishkildina Alina Kh. , Travkina Olga S. , Serebrennikov Dmitry V. , Zilberg Rufina A. , Malunov Artur I. , Filippova Nadezhda A. , Kutepov Boris I. , Agliullin Marat R.
Published: December 2024

In this paper we discuss options for the synthesis of granular free- binder ZSM-5 zeolites using synthetic aluminosilicates prepared by sol-gel technology with organic and inorganic silicon sources. It has been shown that the properties of the amorphous aluminosilicate used to prepare the initial granules influence the crystallization conditions as well as the morphology and size of the crystals formed from granular ZSM-5 zeolite. We propose promising catalytic systems for the hydrocracking of n-paraffins based on granular zeolite ZSM-5 with a hierarchical porous structure.
Precision Medicine and Diagnosis of Neonatal Illness
Authors: ELMeneza Safaa , Agebaa Naglaa , Fawaz Rasha , Samir Salwa
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives Precision medicine is a state-of-the-art medicine tactic that tailors information about people's genes, environment, and lifestyle to aid the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various diseases.to provide an overview of the currently available knowledge and applicability of precision medicine in the diagnosis of different cases admitted to the NICU, such as encephalopathies, respiratory distress syndrome of prematurity, hemodynamic instability, acute kidney injury, sepsis, and hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: The authors searched the databases such as PubMed and PubMed Central, for the terms, neonatal “precision medicine”, “personalized medicine”, “genomics”, “and metabolomics”, precision medicine in the diagnosis of neonatal illness. The related researches were collected.Results: The review highlights the diagnostic approach that serves to implement precision medicine in the NICU and provide precision diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment.Conclusion: In this review, we projected several diagnostic approaches that provide precision identification of health problems among sick neonates with complex illnesses in the NICU, some are noninvasive and available in ordinary healthcare settings, while others are invasive or not feasible or still in ongoing research as machine learning algorithms. Future researches are needed for the wide implementation of artificial intelligence tools in the diagnosis of neonatal illnesses.
Experimental Evaluation of Temperature and Strain-Rate-Dependent Mechanical Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel SS316LN and a New Methodology to Evaluate Parameters of Johnson-Cook and Ramberg-Osgood Material Models
Authors: Pandey S.K. , Samal M.K.
Published: December 2024

Austenitic stainless steel SS316LN is used as the material of construction of vessel and core components of fast breeder reactors, which operate at an elevated temperature of 550 deg. C. For design and integrity analysis using finite element method, material models, such as Johnson-Cook and Ramberg-Osgood, are widely used. However, the temperature-, strain-rate dependent plasticity and damage parameters of these models for this material are not available in literature. Moreover, the method of evaluation of temperature and strain-rate dependent plasticity parameter in literature has some major shortcomings, which have been addressed in this work. In addition, a new optimization based procedure has been developed to evaluate all the nine plasticity and damage parameters, which uses results of combined finite element analysis and experimental data. The procedure has been validated extensively by testing tensile specimens at different temperatures, by testing notched tensile specimens of different notch radii and by carrying out high strain-rate tests using split Hopkinson pressure bar test setup. The parameters of Johnson-Cook material model, evaluated in this work, have been used in finite element analysis to simulate load-displacement behavior and fracture strains of all types of specimens and the results have been compared with experimental data in order to check the accuracy of the parameters. This procedure developed in this work shall help the researchers to adopt such technique for accurate estimation of both plasticity and damage parameters of different types of material models.
Evaluating the Acoustic Absorption of Modular Green Walls: Laboratory and Field Assessments Using An Impedance Gun
Authors: Cosola Valentina Oquendo-Di , Navacerrada María Ángeles , Ruiz-García Luis , Olivieri Francesca
Published: December 2024

Introducing vegetation is an effective strategy for improving air quality and mitigating the heat island effect. Green façades, which consist of modules that support substrates and various plant species, integrate these elements. This study analyzes the acoustic absorption properties of a specific green wall module using an impedance gun and the Scan and Paint method for laboratory and on-site measurements. The impedance gun method is effective for in-situ analysis, offering advantages over standardized techniques for inhomogeneous samples. We measured the sound absorption coefficient of the substrate and the effects of different plant species. Key findings reveal that the substrate primarily influences sound absorption, with its coefficient increasing with frequency, similar to porous materials Vegetation enhances acoustic absorption of the substrate, depending on coverage and thickness, with 80-90% of absorption attributed to the substrate and 4-20% to vegetation. However, not all dense plant species improve absorption; some configurations may decrease it. Improvement correlates with substrate coverage and vegetation layer thickness, while the impact of plant morphology remains unclear. These findings confirm vegetation's potential as an acoustic absorption tool in urban settings. Additionally, green walls can enhance acoustic comfort in indoor environments such as offices and schools by reducing reverberation. They also improve air quality and provide aesthetic appeal, making them a multifunctional solution for modern architecture.
A Hybrid Neural Architecture Search Algorithm Optimized via Lifespan-PSO for Coal Mine Image Recognition
Authors: Cheng Jian , Jiang Jinbo , Kang Haidong , Ma Lianbo
Published: December 2024

Coal mine scene image recognition is vital for safety monitoring and equipment detection, but traditional methods often rely on manually designed neural network architectures. These models face difficulties in handling the complex backgrounds, low illumination, and diverse objects typical in coal mine environments. Manual designs are not only inefficient but also limit the exploration of optimal architectures, leading to subpar performance. To address these challenges, we propose using Neural Architecture Search (NAS) to automate the design of neural networks. While traditional NAS methods are computationally intensive, we enhance the process by incorporating Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), a scalable algorithm known for its ability to balance global and local search. To further improve PSO’s efficiency, we integrate the Lifespan mechanism, which prevents premature convergence and ensures more thorough exploration of the search space. Our proposed method defines a flexible search space that includes various types of convolutional layers, activation functions, pooling operations, and network depths, allowing for a comprehensive optimization process. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the Lifespan-PSO NAS method outperforms traditional manually designed networks and standard PSO-based NAS approaches, offering significant improvements in both recognition accuracy and computational efficiency. This makes it a highly effective solution for real-world coal mine image recognition tasks via a PSO-optimized approach in terms of performance and efficiency.
Acoustic Emission during Rubber-Like Deformation in Ni51Fe18Ga27Co4 Single Crystalline Shape Memory Alloy
Authors: Daróczi Lajos , Kamel Sarah M , Tóth László Z. , Panchenko Elena Yu , Chumljakov Yuri I , Beke Dezső L.
Published: December 2024

Acoustic emission, AE, belonging to rubber-like deformation in martensitic state after stress induced martensite stabilization (SIM) of Ni51Fe18Ga27Co4 single crystals, in compression were investigated. AE activity in the plateau regions of the stress-strain loop is due to massive reorientation from variant, produced by SIM aging, to the variants preferred by the compressive stress (perpendicular to the stress used in SIM aging) and vice versa. For unloading the large AE activity just at the knee point of the stress-stain curve is attributed to the difficulty of the re-nucleation of the SIM aging stabilized martensite variant. The amplitude, peak energy and area of signals can be described by power-like distributions and the characteristic exponents, are in good agreement with data obtained in other alloys. Power law cross-correlations between the energy, E, and amplitude, A, as well as between the area, S, and the amplitude, A, were also analyzed. It was found that the exponents are given by 3-φ as well as 2-φ, respectively with φ≅0.7. Normalized universal temporal shapes of avalanches (i.e. the UA versus tA1-φ plots, where U is the detected voltage) for fixed area, scale very well together. The tail of the normalized temporal shape decays more slowly than the theoretical prediction, which can be attributed to intrinsic absorption of AE signals and/or to overlap of sub-avalanches.
An Investigation into Challenges of a 1-MHz, 1-kW Buck Converter
Authors: Hussain Aqarib , Andrew Boland , Varner Regan , Matolak David , Booth Kristen
Published: December 2024

High switching frequencies in converters significantly reduce the size of passive components, namely inductors and transformers, thus enabling high power density. However, these frequencies also introduce challenges such as semiconductor device reliability, thermal management, magnetic design, and electromagnetic interference. This paper discusses a dc-dc converter operating at 1 MHz and its associated design challenges. The relationship between GaN device on-resistance, junction temperature and losses in scenarios where the converter operates beyond its nominal design specifications is analyzed. Additionally, a PCB-based inductor is fully characterized and the parasitic effects of PCB traces are examined for a 1-MHz, 1-kW application. Finally, conducted and radiated emissions of the converter are addressed supported by simulation and hardware experimental measurements.
Inorganic Arsenite (i-As3+) Represses Human Renal Progenitor Cell Characteristics and Induces Neoplastic-like Transformation
Authors: Haque Md Ehsanul , Shrestha Swojani , Sens Donald A. , Garrett Scott
Published: December 2024

Arsenic, in the form of inorganic arsenite (i-As3+), is toxic to the kidney and can cause acute kidney injury, manifesting as destruction of proximal tubule cells. Nephron repair is possible through the proliferation of resident tubular progenitor cells expressing CD133 and CD24 surface markers. We simulated regenerative repair in the continued presence of i-As3+ using a cell culture model of a renal progenitor cell line expressing CD133 (PROM1) and CD24. Continued exposure and subculturing of progenitor cells to i-As3+ led to a reduction in the expression of PROM1 and CD24 as well as a decrease in the ability to differentiate into tubule-like structures. Cessation of i-As3 and recovery up to 3 passages resulted in continued repression of PROM1 and reduced ability to differentiate. Chronically exposed cells exhibited an ability to form colonies in soft agar suggesting neoplastic transformation. Chronically exposed cells also exhibited an induction of CD44, a cell surface marker commonly found in renal cell carcinoma as well as in tubular repair in chronic renal injury such as in chronic kidney disease. These results demonstrate potential adverse outcomes of renal progenitor cells chronically exposed to a nephrotoxicant as well as in environmental exposure to arsenic.
Association Between Active DNA Demethylation and Liver Fibrosis in Individuals with Metabolic‐ Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)
Authors: Barchetta Ilaria , Zampieri Michele , Cimini Flavia Agata , Dule Sara , Sentinelli Federica , Passarella Giulia , Oldani Alessandro , Karpach Katsiaryna , Bacalini Maria Giulia , Baroni Marco Giorgio , Reale Anna , Cavallo Maria Gisella
Published: December 2024

Background: Metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents the most common chronic hepatopathy worldwide and an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality, particularly when liver fibrosis occurs. Epigenetic alterations, as DNA methylation, may influence MASLD susceptibility and progression; yet mechanisms underlying this process are limited. This study aimed to investigate active DNA demethylation in MASLD, alongside the methylation and mRNA levels of inflammation- and fibrosis-related candidate genes. Methods: Global demethylation intermediates (5-hydroxymethylcytosine[5hmC], 5-formylcytosine[5fC]) were quantified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 89 individuals with/without MASLD using ELISA. Site-specific DNA methylation of SOCS3, SREBF1 and TXNIP was analyzed by mass spectrometry-based bisulfite sequencing; mRNA expression was assessed via rt-PCR. Results: Individuals with MASLD and moderate-to-high fibrosis risk (estimated by Fibrosis NASH Index, FNI) progressively exhibited greater global 5hmC and 5fC levels. FNI inversely correlated with methylation levels of SOCS3 gene promoter, and linearly with SOCS3, TXNIP, IL-6 and MCP-1 mRNA expression. Conclusions: Elevated fibrosis risk in MASLD is associated with active global DNA demethylation, as well as differential methylation and expression patterns of genes which are key regulators of inflammation and fibrosis. These epigenetic alterations may potentially contribute to fibrogenesis and represent novel biomarkers for MASLD progression toward fibrosis.
Exploring the Roles of EBV and HIV in the Development of Head and Neck Lymphomas
Authors: Ramirez-Gil L Stefano , Ley-Tomas JJ , Espinosa-Arce Cecilia Belen
Published: December 2024

Epstein-Barr virus is a key oncogenic virus in both HIV-positive patients and those with other immune deficiencies. The progression from EBV infection to lymphoma remains poorly understood. Advances in molecular and immunohistochemical diagnostics have improved the detection of EBV-associated lymphomas, but challenges remain, particularly in older patients and immunocompromised populations, where the risk of lymphoma is elevated. Although therapeutic progress has been made, particularly with antiretroviral therapy for HIV, the management of relapsed and refractory lymphomas continues to be difficult. Targeted therapies addressing EBV-related pathways are a promising area of research, yet gaps in understanding the virus's role in lymphoma pathogenesis persist. Continued investigation into novel treatments and the development of effective screening protocols is essential for improving the diagnosis, management, and outcomes of EBV-associated lymphomas.
Convolution identities of p-numbers
Authors: Prabha Sivaraman Nair
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we derive some convolution identities for p-numbers: Fibonacci p-numbers Fp (n), Lucas p-numbers Lp (n), Jacobsthal p-numbers Jp (n), Jacobsthal-Lucas p-numbers jp (n) and Leonardo p-numbers ℒp (n), which are generalizations of the “usual” Fibonacci, Lucas, Jacobsthal, Jacobsthal-Lucas and Leonardo numbers. For p > 0, the nth Fibonacci p-number Fp (n) is defined by the linear recurrence Fp (n) = Fp (n – 1) + Fp (n – p – 1) for n > p with initial values Fp (0) = 0 and Fp (1) = Fp (2)= ⋅⋅⋅ = Fp (p) = 1, and the nth Lucas p-number Lp (n) is defined by the linear recurrence Lp (n) = Lp (n – 1) + Lp (n – p – 1) for n > p with initial values Lp (0) = p + 1 and Lp (1) = Lp (2) = ⋅⋅⋅ = Lp (p) = 1. Likewise, we define the nth Jacobsthal p-number Jp (n) by the linear recurrence Jp (n) = Jp (n – 1) + 2 Jp (n – p – 1) for n > p with initial values Jp (0) = 0 and Jp (1) = Jp (2) = ⋅⋅⋅ = Jp (p) = 1, and the nth Jacobsthal-Lucas p-number jp (n) by the linear recurrence jp (n) = jp (n – 1) + 2 jp (n – p – 1) for n > p with initial values jp (0) = p + 1 and jp (1) = jp (2) = ⋅⋅⋅ = jp (p) = 1. The nth Leonardo p-number ℒp (n) is determined by the non-homogeneous linear recurrence ℒp (n) = ℒp (n – 1) + ℒp (n – p – 1) + p for n > p with initial values ℒp (0) = ℒp (1) = ⋅⋅⋅ = ℒp (p) = 1.
Analysis of Soil Base Cations Content after Application of Organic Fertilizer on Inceptisols at Lemon-Tree Orchard
Authors: Nurdianto Roby , Hanuf Atiqah Aulia , Lutfi M. Wasilul , Suntari Retno , Soemarno Soemarno
Published: December 2024

The lack of effectiveness of fertilization and the continuous use of inorganic fertilizers result in soil quality degradation. This research was conducted to analyses the effect of compost and manure on soil base saturation. This study used a simple Completely Randomized Design with 8 (eight) treatments and 4 (four) replications. The treatment consisted of P1 (topsoil); P2 (Subsoil); P3 (topsoil + compost); P4 (subsoil + compost); P5 (topsoil + cow manure); P6 (subsoil + cow manure); P7 (topsoil + goat manure); P8 (subsoil + goat manure). The results showed that the application of topsoil + compost significantly increased the exchangeable Ca content of the soil at 8 and 12 WAA (weeks after application). Application of goat manure on topsoil influenced increasing soil exchangeable Mg and exchangeable Na. The application of various organic materials has the effect of increasing the value of soil pH, CEC, and organic C content. The deep-placement fertilization technique is deemed effective in enhancing soil quality through chemical means, particularly by augmenting base cations and the soil's cation exchange capacity. This technology is pivotal in delivering nutrients directly to plant roots, thereby mitigating fertilizer losses caused by surface runoff and volatilization.
Tissue Culture and Light Elicitor Enhancing Secondary Metabolite on Jasmine
Authors: Suryaningsih Dwie Retna , Indarwati Indarwati , Herawati Jajuk
Published: December 2024

Jasmine is a commercially ornamental flower crop cultivated plant that is highly valued for producing jasmine essential oil as a secondary metabolite. Essential oil is extracted from jasmine, which is in great demand in the perfumery, flavor, and food additives industry. Plant tissue culture technologies could be authorized by regular sterile conditions from explants for the way for secondary metabolite multiplication. This study aims to investigate the effects of callus formation and photoperiod on the quality, quantity, and secondary metabolites of jasmine through tissue culture. The method used in this study was a completely randomized factorial design with callus formation and photoperiod. The result showed that the callus formation and photoperiod did not influence the callus quality obtained from profiling. Callus quality observation revealed the best result on a three-month-old callus and 12 hours of the light period (1.86). Furthermore, the secondary metabolite of the callus highlighted that a one-month-old callus and 6 hours of the light period produce the highest Jasmone level of 0.17%.
Experimental study of energy efficiency of kitchen electrical appliances for boiling water
Authors: Grechko Oleksandr , Zakharov Illia
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Steady growth in the number of powerful electrical appliances and devices in households leads to an increase in electricity consumption. It significantly affects the economic costs of consumers and the deterioration of the ecological situation in the environment. Problem. The cost of electricity tariffs for the population tends to be relatively steadily increasing, which makes the issue of energy efficiency particularly relevant for consumers. The use of energy-efficient technologies in everyday life allows reducing electricity costs and increasing the economic efficiency of households. Energy efficiency of household electrical appliances is a pressing issue for ensuring a stable energy supply in the context of growing electricity consumption. Goal. An analytical study of the operating features of kitchen electrical appliances for boiling water and an experimental study of their energy efficiency. Methodology. The energy efficiency of the most common kitchen electrical appliances for boiling water was analyzed through experimental studies. Results. In terms of energy efficiency, the flow-through thermopot turned out to be the best among the studied electrical appliances, followed by an electric kettle and a traditional thermopot. Practical value. The use of energy-efficient technologies in modern household appliances is an important task, especially in winter and in conditions of shortage of electric power during military aggression from Russia and large-scale destruction of critical infrastructure and power facilities in our country. Further research will help reduce energy consumption and increase the energy efficiency of household appliances.
Statement of the problem of multipole modelling of wear processes of cellulose insulation of a power transformer
Authors: Baraban Oleh , Poliakov Mykhailo , Vasylevskyi Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

An important area of theoretical research is the mathematical modelling of the state of cellulose insulation, which determines the life of a power transformer Predicting the state of cellulose insulation requires computer modelling. The known mathematical models for predicting the aging of cellulose insulation have drawbacks. Therefore, it is necessary to formalise the task of multipole modelling, select a multipole modelling tool and review the literature on models (concentrated, layered, etc.) and select a multipole modelling tool (FEMM, etc.). At the same time, there are issues that need to be addressed/clarified, such as such as the factor of the applied force to the cellulose insulation at the moment in time. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new mathematical model and move to the use of field models.
Features of thermistor protection of three-phase asynchronous motors with short-circuit rotor with voltage up to 0.66 kV
Authors: Chepeliuk Oleksandr , Mylashych Andrii
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the features of thermistor protection against overheating of three-phase asynchronous motors with a squirrel-cage rotor with a voltage of up to 0.66 kV. A comparative analysis of different types and types of thermistors is carried out, in particular their design features, operating principles and characteristics, which provides effective protection of motor windings from critical overheating. The advantages and disadvantages of different types of thermistor protection of asynchronous motors are determined, which allows you to reasonably choose the optimal protection option depending on the operating conditions and requirements for the reliability of electric motors in accordance with modern standards.
Liderazgo y clima organizacional según colaboradores de una empresa de empaques flexibles (Lima-Perú), 2022
Authors:   , Moreno Reyes Yessenia Milagros
Published: December 2024

La presente exploración se elaboró con las variables liderazgo y clima organizacional de una empresa de empaques flexibles. Por lo tanto, el objetivo general ha sido determinar la relación entre el liderazgo y el clima organizacional según participantes de una empresa de empaques flexibles (Lima-Perú), 2022. La muestra para el estudio estuvo compuesta por 46 colaboradores de la compañía. Metodológicamente se realizó mediante un enfoque cuantitativo, el cual es un estudio no experimental, transversal y descriptivo correlacional. El método de recopilación de datos fue utilizar una encuesta como herramienta de investigación porque puede medir dimensiones mediante una escala Likert. Por lo expuesto, el progreso de la estadística se elaboró con SPSS ver. 27 y Microsoft Excel. Asimismo, para la elaboración de las conclusiones de la presente investigación se comprobó los resultados de “Rho de Spearman” con un coeficiente de correlación “0,609” existiendo correlación positiva moderada, obteniendo como significancia (p=0,000< α=0,05) en tal sentido, se acepta la hipótesis aceptando la relación entre ambas variables.
Factores contextuales e individuales asociados con síntomas depresivos en residentes de once ciudades latinoamericanas: un análisis multinivel
Authors:   , Cruz Barreda Ximena Gabriela
Published: December 2024

La depresión es una de las enfermedades mentales más prevalentes en el mundo. Sus factores asociados han sido poco estudiados en la población latinoamericana. Objetivo: Nuestro objetivo fue determinar los factores contextuales e individuales asociados con síntomas depresivos (SD) en residentes de once ciudades latinoamericanas según la Encuesta CAF (ECAF) 2019. Métodos: Se realizó un análisis multinivel para identificar los factores individuales y contextuales asociados con SD. Los síntomas depresivos fueron medidos por la versión corta de la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES-D-10, por sus siglas en inglés). Resultados: De los 10 206 participantes, 42% tuvo síntomas depresivos en la semana previa a la encuesta. Con respecto a los factores individuales estudiados, las mujeres (OR 1.81, IC 95%:1.65-1.99), fumadores (OR 1.30, IC 95%:1.16-1.45), obesos, consumidores de comida chatarra más de dos veces por semana, personas sin pareja, y un mayor número de personas en el hogar se asociaron con mayores probabilidades de tener SD. En cambio, los niveles educativos secundario (OR 0.77, IC 95%:0.67-0.88) o superior (OR 0.58, IC 95%:0.50-1.68) fueron asociados como factores protectores. Sobre los factores contextuales, el incremento en los niveles de contaminación (OR 1.07, IC 95%:1.01-1.13) estuvo asociado con sintomatología depresiva. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio reporta asociaciones entre factores individuales y del entorno, y la sintomatología depresiva en residentes de América Latina. Estos hallazgos permitirán adoptar las medidas necesarias para la toma de decisiones y la investigación para enfrentar este problema creciente en países en desarrollo.
Fuerza muscular y su asociación con velocidad de marcha lenta en adultos mayores atendidos en el servicio de geriatría del Hospital Centro Médico Naval
Authors:   , Espejo Meneses Ericka , Osorio Galarza Rosa Isabel
Published: December 2024

Introducción: El envejecimiento global de la población, especialmente aquellos mayores de 60 años, ha generado un aumento significativo en los síndromes geriátricos destacando la fragilidad y la sarcopenia. Ambas condiciones dependen de la fuerza muscular y de la velocidad de marcha. La asociación entre estas ha sido evidenciada, sugiriendo la utilidad de medir la fuerza mediante la dinamometría de prensión manual cuando evaluar la velocidad de marcha resulta impracticable. Este estudio buscó facilitar la evaluación clínica de la salud muscular. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico y retrospectivo de la base de datos del estudio CEMENA Frailty Study. Resultados: La velocidad de marcha promedio de los participantes del estudio fue de 0.86 metros por segundo y la fuerza de prensión manual en promedio fue de 26.20 kilogramos. En el modelo ajustado y en el modelo de estrato de sexo masculino la velocidad de marcha lenta se asocia con mayores probabilidades de tener fuerza muscular débil. En el modelo estratificado de sexo femenino, esta asociación se pierde. Conclusiones: Participantes que contaban con una velocidad de marcha lenta se les asoció a presentar una fuerza muscular débil de 1.4 veces mayor. En la población general como en los participantes de sexo masculino existió una fuerte probabilidad de relación entre velocidad de marcha lenta y fuerza de prensión manual débil, sin embargo, esta asociación se disipó en las participantes de sexo femenino.
Monitoring and assessment of heavy metal transfer from soil to Beta vulgaris L. (sugar beet) in Kayseri, Turkey
Authors: BÜLBÜL Hayrun Nisa , LEBLEBİCİ Zeliha
Published: December 2024

In our study, sugar beet plants grown in Yeşilhisar district of Kayseri were used. 6 different locations were selected: Kesik, Dağılgan, Hacılımezarlığı, Kıraç Tepe, Hacıbektaş and the control area (Kilcan). Leaf, beet, root and soil samples were taken from Beta vulgaris plant. Heavy metal (As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Cr) contents were analyzed using ICP-MS device. In terms of sugar beet consumption in Kayseri province, Turkey, determining heavy metal accumulation and health risks will be very important in terms of these metals. Heavy metal concentration levels in sugar beet samples collected from the region are as follows; nickel (Ni) > copper (Cu) > chromium (Cr) > arsenic (As) > lead (Pb) > cadmium (Cd). When As, Cd and Cr elements are compared with the limit values, it is observed that they are within the allowed limits. Cu, Ni and Pb indicate the potential for negative contributions to health through sugar beet consumption. The study reveals health concerns regarding the heavy metal content of sugar beet samples grown in Yeşilhisar, Kayseri province and recommends that necessary measures be taken to reduce the occurrence of Cu, Ni and Pb observed in sugar beet samples from this region.
Intrasexual competition and rival derogation in women are associated with visual processing of emotional facial expressions
Authors: Garza Ray , Arsuaga Jenna , Pazhoohi Farid `
Published: December 2024

Intrasexual competition is when members of the same sex compete for access to desirbale mates. In women, the use of non-physical strategies, such as verbal and indirect aggression are often preferred as a means to mititgate potential risks of being targetted or to prevent partner desertion. To act out accordingly, women have to attend to cues, such as facial expressions, to be able to discern if an indiviaul is a potential threat. The current study (N = 136) aimed at investigating the role of women’s intrasexul competition and rival derogation strategies in women’s visual attention and vigilance to angry, happy, and neutral facial expressions. Using an eye-tracking paradigm, women viewed images of women’s emotional facial expressions in pairs (e.g., angry-neutral, angry-happy, happy-neutral) followed by rating faces for their perceived levels of threat. Women who reported higher levels of intrasexual competition demonstrated attentional biases to angry and neutral facial expressions, while rival derogation strategies also moderated the relationship between facial expressions and visual attention. These findings demonstrate the proximate mechanisms involved in women’s intrasexual competition when scanning images of potential intrasexual rivals.
Neurostructural and cognitive signatures of novel polygenic risk scores for molecular brain aging
Authors: Nikolova Yuliya , Clifford Kevan , Santos Fernanda Dos , Prevot Thomas , Abdelhack Mohamed , Felsky Daniel , Sibille Etienne
Published: December 2024

The world population is shifting sharply toward an older-age demographic. To navigate the escalating burden of physical and cognitive decline common to aging, and heightened risk of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disease, we require advances in treatment and prevention interventions. These advances are predicated on attaining a deeper understanding of the molecular processes underlying brain aging. Here, we employed novel cis-eQTL and GWAS-based polygenic risk scores (cis-eQTLAGE-PRS and GWASAGE-PRS) indexing genetic risk for accelerated molecular brain aging, and examined their associations with cortical thickness and performance in age-sensitive cognitive domains in 31 384 participants (16 392 women, ages 46-82) from the UK Biobank. While GWASAGE-PRS was nominally associated with lower cortical thickness in frontotemporal regions, cis-eQTLAGE-PRS displayed robust associations with greater cortical thickness in age-sensitive frontal, temporal, and parietal regions, including the left and right precentral (pFDR<0.0001, pFDR=0.05), left insula (pFDR=0.05), as well as the right supramarginal (pFDR=0.05) and precuneus (pFDR=0.05) regions. Similar pFDR trending associations occurred bilaterally in the caudal middle frontal (pFDR=0.052, pFDR=0.078) and right insula (pFDR=0.071). These structural findings co-occurred alongside increased executive function performance on the Trail Making Test B (pFDR=0.035), suggesting a potential neurostructural and cognitive reserve phenotype. This resilience profile may reflect previously uncharacterized pathways of brain reserve in age-related pathology, informing future translational research identifying novel treatment and prevention targets.