bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modular Course for Occupational Therapy Educators in New Zealand
Authors: Boyd Mary-Anne
Published: April 2015

A modular course towards the Diploma for Teachers of Occupational Therapy is operating satisfactorily in New Zealand. The context and organization of this course are described. The course organizer is responsible to the College of Occupational Therapists (London) and to the Central Institute of Technology.
Clinical Placements and First Appointments
Authors: Cracknell Elizabeth
Published: April 2015

A study from the Derby School indicating the influence of clinical placements on the Students' choice of application for a first appointment. The trend has changed in the last few years but the type of work opportunities, the chance to gain good experience are the most important factors. It is those departments which provide these things which attract the most, and probably the best newly qualified occupational therapists. The contrary is equally true.
Goal Planning with the Severely Mentally Handicapped
Authors: Illott I.
Published: April 2015

Goal planning is a method which has been used successfully at the Gloucester Centre with profoundly mentally handicapped adults from May, 1978 to April, 1979.

In this article I will briefly describe the Gloucester Centre including the philosophy of the Centre, organisation of the Activities Centre and the residents' day, the residents involved in the programme; Goal planning based on Houts with an example, the present situation and goal planning with an example, based at Kushlick. I am sure that as you read the article you will see the relevance of goal planning to other areas of Occupational Therapy.
The Importance of Rehabilitation to Disabled People
Authors: Fanshawe Elizabeth
Published: April 2015

To be asked to present the Casson Memorial Lecture is a great honour, and the title I have been given — “The Importance of Rehabilitation to Disabled People” — is an extremely interesting one, because it gives an opportunity to look at disability from a consumer's point of view rather than a professional one. E.F.
Social Skills Training with Chronic Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Hewitt Kevin , Wishart Clare , Lambert Rod
Published: April 2015

The article presents a social skills package for use by occupational therapy staff working with chronic psychiatric patients, The training package is evaluated and results indicate its effectiveness. Difficulties encountered in running social skills training groups in a hospital setting are discussed. The importance of generalization training for social skills is stressed.
The Hospice Movement
Authors: Holland Ann , Tigges Kent Nelson
Published: April 2015

This paper presents an initial argument for occupational therapists, as individuals, and the Association collectively, to examine the background, rationale and urgency in making an immediate and firm commitment to America's and Britain's newest and perhaps most innovative “health” delivery system. Sociological “standards” that will impinge on the hospice movement will be examined. An examination of standard practice concepts between acute general rehabilitation hospitals, and continuing care facilities (nursing homes) will be measured and compared with hospice philosophy. An example of occupational therapy in a hospice setting will be presented.
Assessment and Management of Psychogeriatric Patients (Acute Admission) at High Royds Hospital
Authors: Perkins Linda M.
Published: April 2015

The aim of this project was to improve the occupational therapy psvchogeriatric assessment service at High Rovds Hospital.

It is hoped that the service will be reviewed in the future at regular intervals to keep up with the changes continuously being made within the hospital, to meet with the patients' needs.
Nursing and Occupational Therapy: Focus for the Future
Authors: Dunkin E. N. , Goble R. A.
Published: April 2015

The professions allied to medicine demonstrate considerable overlap when it comes to defining the unique aims, responsiblities and treatment methods of each. Research is needed in order to discriminate the particular quality and/or quantity of each professional contribution. This paper examines the areas of possible collaboration between nurses and occupational therapists by asking and debating several pertinent questions.

What evidence suggests that there might be differences between nurses and occupational therapists? Pre-training During training Post-training What is expected of the newly qualified nurse and Occupational Therapist? (in terms of competence to practice) Who makes these demands on the qualified nurse and occupational therapist?

Nursing is frequently seen as offering a service to patients with acute problems (prevention or delay of death) whereas Occupational Therapy is traditionally viewed as being involved in long term rehabilitation (acquisition of independence skills, enhancement of social skills, etc.). However, no one can say precisely where the need for nursing plus the patient's efforts, as a complementary pairing, declines and the need for occupational therapy plus the patient's efforts should take over in the recovery process. Measures in this field are notoriously difficult since both nursing and occupational therapy may be added to a series of prior and/or concurrent treatments which may produce additive or cumulative effects in terms of the eventual outcome. Such problems highlight the importance to each profession of identifying and measuring all achievements that are legitimately deemed to be promoted by nurses and occupational therapists.

Areas of debateable responsibility are amendable to plotting on a series of dimensions, each having a continuum of dependence/independence of the patient under treatment. These dimensions, in turn, can be classified in many ways. For instance, the type of disorder yields possibilities of looking at physical, psychological or social aspects of illness and recovery. Attempts are urgently needed to identify the points of key ‘efficiency’ for the two professions on these continuums in order to ensure that we will work closely together in the most effective delivery of our professional skills.
Research and Occupational Therapy
Authors: Ellis R. , Mendez A.
Published: April 2015

Report of a Conference Held at the King's Fund Centre, London on Monday 15th February and Organised by the Research & Degree Committee of the College of Occupational Therapists
Housing for Wheelchair Users in Dundee
Authors: Mattison Irene L.
Published: April 2015

In Dundee the Housing Department has accepted full responsibility for meeting the major housing requirements of wheelchair users. This article describes the way this came about, and the Community Occupational Therapists role in the process.
An Introduction to Sensory Integration
Authors: Fraser Carole
Published: April 2015

This paper briefly covers the neurophysiological basis for a theory of sensory integration. The role of sensory integration in normal human development is considered and the relationship between sensory experience and motor development emphasised. The work of Dr. Jean Ayres, the development of her theory of sensory integration and its application to the evaluation and treatment of developmentally delayed children is discussed.
The Role of Clinical Psychologists in Psychogeriatrics
Authors: Leng Nicholas
Published: April 2015

There has been a steady increase in the proportion of elderly people in the population, especially those over the age of 75, and the main reasons are increased life expectancy and a reduced birth rate. Consequently health and social services will be under continuing pressure from the problems which these people present. Estimates of the incidence of dementia, for example, range from 6 to 10%. In addition elderly people are more likely to suffer from disability resulting from physical conditions such as stroke, and psychological problems such as depression are also common, resulting from environmental changes such as physical infirmity, pain, bereavement, hospitalisation, retirement and disengagement, and relocation. Clinical Psychologists are now beginning to make a contribution to the provision of psychogeriatric services, as this article outlines.
Housing and Related Services for the Diabetic Patient
Authors: Rostron Jack
Published: April 2015

This article describes the housing and related needs of a patient suffering from diabetes mellitus. The findings present useful quantitative and qualitative data which may assist clinicians and paramedical staff in making decisions with regard to the needs of such patients. Important points are highlighted concerning the psychological and sociological aspects of decisions concerning the provision of adequate housing and related services.
Funding of Research
Authors: Lincoln Nadina
Published: April 2015

Like everything else research can cost money. The author indicates some of the major sources of research funds and outlines the correct procedure for applying for a research grant.
D.H.S.S. Wheelchair Selection Training Package
Authors: Atkinson Leigh
Published: April 2015

Available from N.H.S. Regional Education and Training Officers, or it can be purchased for £36 per kit, from N.H.S. Training Aids Centre, Hydestile Hospital, Godalming, Surrey, GU8 4DQ. The video tapes do not form part of the basic package, but the Centre will be happy to quote for supply of copies in any of the usual formats (VHS, PHILLIPS, V-Matic).
Survey Related to the Role of the Occupational Therapy Technician in Social Services
Authors: Underhill Jan
Published: April 2015

For many years OT departments in general hospitals have employed OT technicians. Their main responsibility has been to contribute towards patients' rehabilitation programmes, particularly in providing heavy workshop activities and assistance in the manufacture of splints. This survey examines the role of OT technicians in Social Services Departments.
A Study of Adult Hand Strength
Authors: Fraser Carole , Benten Jane
Published: April 2015

The need to obtain an objective measurement of grip strength is discussed in the light of a review of the literature on grip strength. A study undertaken to obtain norms which could be used in the department at Addenbrooke's Hospital is described. This study found significant differences in grip strength between the sexes, between age groups, and between bulb sizes. A slight difference between right and left hands was detectable in women but not in men. A second study was then conducted to explore further the absence of a significant statistical difference between left and right hands in grip strength of men. It was concluded that patients' occupations must be considered when determining whether they have achieved full recovery of power grip following injury.
A Guide to Relevant Sections of the Mental Health Act 1983
Authors: Martin D L , Giles Gordon Muir
Published: April 2015

This article provides a guide to those sections of the Mental Health Act 1983 which are relevant to occupational therapists. Amendments to the previous Acts are specified under the headings of applications of the Act, admission procedures, powers of the courts and Home Secretary, and consent to treatment. The duties of the Mental Health Act Commission and the Mental Health Review Tribunal are also outlined. The authors conclude that the Act embodies more stringent criteria to safeguard patients' rights.
A Method of Recording Finger Joint Motion
Authors: Rickards Julie C
Published: April 2015

At the Kilton Rehabilitation Unit a need was felt for an accurate and reliable means of recording finger joint motion. The author describes a method using a finger goniometer which was found to be the most appropriate, including a chart for instant visual feedback. The results of this procedure, compared with those of more traditional methods, were so encouraging that it now takes precedence in the unit.
Measuring Dependency in the Elderly: The Feasibility of Incorporating Formal Assessments into Occupational Therapy Workload
Authors: Dawson J A , Reason J F , Chick J R
Published: April 2015

In Canada, 11 schools of occupational therapy and physiotherapy have adopted the baccalaureate degree as their basic level of student education. The Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists has required such a degree for eligibility for membership since May 1978. Does the lack of a degree hamper the careers of diploma therapists in the work force? What are the outcomes of obtaining a degree as anticipated by the universities and as reported by 55 graduates of the University of British Columbia degree-completion programme, introduced in 1975? The author is a graduate of the 1981–82 University of British Columbia degree-completion programme.
Brief Assessments for the Elderly Mentally Infirm
Authors: Brewer Paul
Published: April 2015

There has been a confusing variety of brief assessments for the elderly published over the last 15 years. This article attempts to identify some applications of this type of procedure in occupational therapy. The relative merits of a representative sample of assessments are then discussed. For reasons of space no procedures are reproduced here in full, although the content of 10 of those mentioned is summarized in a table.
The Use of Memory ‘Recall’ on a Psychogeriatric Ward
Authors: Jones Glenys M , Clark Pamela
Published: April 2015

This article shows how a social worker and an occupational therapy helper together used the ‘Recall’ pack in a weekly group for elderly confused people. The article goes on to discuss other ways in which memories and reminiscence have been used in working with elderly people.
Transcultural Aspects of Psychiatric Rehabilitation
Authors: Hume Clephane A
Published: April 2015

This article is intended to serve as an introduction to the treatment of patients from different cultures. Particular attention is given to practical and psychological problems and to the need to develop awareness of transcultural factors relevant to occupational therapy practice.
A Difficult Age? Occupational Therapy with Mentally Handicapped Adolescents
Authors: Cater Julie
Published: April 2015

This article discusses the general and specific aims of the occupational therapy programme provided for ten mentally handicapped adolescents. It describes the group activities used, as well as outlining two individual programmes. The occupational therapist works with the other members of the team in both programme planning and implementation, particularly the nursing staff. The article concludes that it is important for all involved in the care and teaching of these residents to understand the aims of the occupational therapy programmes.
Rehabilitation Survey of Long-Stay Patients at Park Prewett Hospital, Basingstoke, 1984: First Report
Authors: Earl Gwen , Holmes Mabel
Published: April 2015

This article describes how an assessment was designed for a survey of the long-stay patients at Park Prewett Hospital. It is used to identify the rehabilitation and long-term accommodation needs of each patient and the levels of staff and resources required to meet these needs. The assessments were done by two assessors who wrote this article and three others who took over and completed the final report (to be published in a future issue).
Occupation or Therapy in Psychiatric Day Care?
Authors: Vaughan Phillip J , Prechner Mary
Published: April 2015

A study was undertaken involving 35 ex-day-unit patients to determine which of their treatments had been most beneficial to them. The results of individual structured interviews with each patient revealed that the more traditional occupational therapy activities, such as creative arts and crafts, were viewed as being as beneficial as the more specific therapeutic approaches, such as group psychotherapy. An important factor in making the best use of all activities appeared to be careful selection, group compatibility and good preparation. Personal qualities of the staff were also significant. It is suggested that particular attention be paid to these factors in treatments where patients are likely to feel emotionally vulnerable. Failure to do so is liable to lead to a poor response to therapy.
How Occupational Therapy Students Choose Their First Posts
Authors: Bentley Roger
Published: April 2015

This paper reports the results of two surveys conducted among final year students at St Loye's School of Occupational Therapy, Exeter, to examine the process through which they obtain their first professional employment. As well as identifying students' job preferences, the surveys evaluate their success rate in terms of interviews and job offers, and examine their destination on completion of training.
The Sequence and Structure of Handwriting Competence: Where are the Breakdown Points in the Mastery of Handwriting?
Authors: Taylor Jane
Published: April 2015

Handwriting is a complex symbol system. Pupils with specific learning difficulties referred to the occupational therapist may have handwriting difficulties. A comprehensive assessment is necessary to diagnose where the breakdown is occurring in order to offer a meaningful treatment plan.
Developing Appropriate Software
Authors: Newell A F
Published: April 2015

A report of a lecture given at the Seminar on ‘Microcomputers in Occupational Therapy Departments Scheme’, held at The London Hospital on 19 April 1985.
Writing Styles of Abstracts in Occupational Therapy Journals
Authors: Chandani Ashok
Published: April 2015

The readability grades of abstracts randomly selected from the American Journal of Occupational Therapy, the Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, the British Journal of Occupational Therapy, and the Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy were studied through the program Style of the Unix operating system (computer). The formulae for readability grades used were the Kincaid formula, the automated readability index, the Coleman-Liau formula, and the Flesch formula. One-way analysis of variance was found to be significant (p<0.05) between the British and Australian journals in all four formulae. Based on samples of abstracts, the results indicated that the British journal is the easiest and the Australian journal is the most difficult to read of all four journals. A Pearson correlation matrix revealed a significant positive and negative relationship between some of the 12 variables in each journal.
How to Interview: The Selection Interview
Authors: Pinder T H
Published: April 2015

This is the second of three articles on interviewing with the general title of ‘Both Sides of the Table’. (The first, entitled ‘How to be Interviewed: The Selection Interview’, was published in the March 1985 issue.) Interviewing is described as both an art and a skill, which can be learned and which improves with knowledge and practice.
The Kirkdale Resource Centre: A New Model of Community Adult Mental Health Care
Authors: Bumstead Christopher
Published: April 2015

This paper describes the development of a new community day centre in suburban London for adults with psychosocial problems. The centre is joint-funded by the health authority and the social services department and is operated according to a nonmedical model.
An Introduction to Social Education Centres with Reference to Warwickshire Provision
Authors: Cedar Geraldine A
Published: April 2015

This article aims to outline the main functions of social education centres (formerly called adult training centres), and includes observations made during visits to three centres in Warwickshire. Two contrasting philosophies emerged concerning contract work procurement. Whilst one centre made extensive use of such schemes, the other centres felt that contract work had a lower priority in the running of student training programmes.
An Active Occupational Therapy Programme for the Severely Demented Patient in a Psychogeriatric Day Hospital
Authors: Hanley Odette , Peele Kate
Published: April 2015

This article describes how an alternative occupational therapy programme has been devised for a group of severely demented patients attending Roborough Day Hospital, Eastbourne. The introduction of the programme has resulted in more care and attention being given to this group of patients and also in an improved level of job satisfaction for the occupational therapy staff concerned. The initiative for the innovation came from the occupational therapy helpers, who are responsible for its planning and implementation. The occupational therapist's role has been to monitor the work and give advice and support when necessary.
Using the Manpower Services Commission in an Understaffed Occupational Therapy Department: A Personal Account
Authors: Batey Hazel E.
Published: April 2015

This article is a personal account of the way the author used the Manpower Services Commission schemes to help initiate activity groups for elderly patients. It describes the introduction and extension of the scheme, which has provided mental and physical stimulation for long-term patients, shown the need for occupational therapy helper posts, and enabled some of the people on the scheme to find employment.
Assessment of Hand Function: A Review of Some Tests in Common Use
Authors: Dent J A , Smith Margaret , Caspers Jeannette
Published: April 2015

In studies of hand function recently carried out in Edinburgh, one of the problems was to find valid comprehensive measures of outcome following trauma or elective surgery. A small supplementary study was therefore undertaken to examine some commonly used tests of strength and dexterity, and to compare the results with the use of the hand in activities of daily living (ADL). The results indicated that ADL function was more closely correlated with strength than with dexterity. However, no test used in isolation gave a realistic description of hand function for either rheumatoid or trauma patients. It is therefore suggested that a battery of tests, including ADL assessment related to individual need, is necessary.
Perception and Driving: Theory and Practice
Authors: Simms Barbara
Published: April 2015

This paper investigates the contribution of efficient perceptual skills to safe driving behaviour. A perceptual battery is used as part of a comprehensive driving ability assessment at Banstead Place Mobility Centre. The test results of stroke victims are considered in relation to later driving performance.
The Roles of Occupational Therapists in Social Services Area Teams
Authors: Crosbie David
Published: April 2015

This article describes the work of two occupational therapists in a local authority setting and outlines the rationing dilemmas posed by the shortage of resources. It suggests that the service is limited to the provision of aids and that social services may not be making full use of the expertise that occupational therapists have to offer.
An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the General Health Questionnaire in an Occupational Therapy Setting
Authors: Creeser Rosemary A , Gooch Hilary , Wiggins R D
Published: April 2015

This article is based on results obtained during a pilot study carried out at the Psychiatric Unit, Queen Mary's Hospital, Roehampton (South London) as part of a student project evaluating the effectiveness of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ30) to monitor the psychiatric status of 30 patients attending the occupational therapy department of a day hospital. The sample was selected by the head occupational therapist and contained both day patients and inpatients. The results of the GHQ assessment were compared with an independent assessment carried out by the head occupational therapist. Using the occupational therapist's assessment as a validating criterion the GHQ30 appears to be a qualified success in this setting, performing well in terms of ‘misclassification’ and ‘sensitivity’ but poorly in terms of ‘specificity’. The authors would not advise that the GHQ act as an independent arbiter of psychiatric status but it may well be a useful aid to decision making in patient review.
Exercise Improves Behaviour: A Rationale for Occupational Therapy
Authors: Chamove Arnold S
Published: April 2015

A theoretical position accounting for the short-term effectiveness of occupational therapy is proposed, based on the sociobiological position that humans need exercise/activity. Predictions were evaluated using several forms of occupational therapy with long-term schizophrenic patients. Most areas of behaviour measured were improved on those days on which occupational therapy was included.
Day Care of Mentally Handicapped People: Why is it an Issue?
Authors: Pandit Ashutosh
Published: April 2015

Day care of mentally handicapped people fulfils the need of both the person and the community. The transmission of culture which occurs through nurturing, education and social integration in the case of ordinary people is also necessary in the case of a mentally handicapped person. This alone can eventually lead the mentally handicapped person to prepare himself for the role of an adult in the community. Day care plays an important part in facilitating this transmission because, contrary to common belief, mentally handicapped people can learn better during their early adult life. Yet factors within the community itself make this provision less effective. The aim of this article is to review day care in the context of its need and place in social organization and the problems in the community at present.
Activities of Daily Living in Psychiatry (Developing an Approach to Drug Dependence)
Authors: Lowe Liz , Brodrick Anne
Published: April 2015

Many different treatment approaches have been tried with drug dependent patients, ranging from psychotherapy to behaviour therapy. This article examines a set of new groups run in an in-patient drug dependence unit, as established by two occupational therapists and a social worker. The approach particularly incorporates cognitive therapy as described by Aaron Beck. These sessions have further prompted and supported the work being developed by other disciplines, based on gaining and improving the survival skills for addicts. The article outlines methods used to orientate the individual towards community-based living with emphasis on practical skills. A broad description of these groups is given with the initial findings.
The Use of Computers in Occupational Therapy at the Rehabilitation Unit, Odstock Hospital: A Review
Authors: Roberts Carole
Published: April 2015

This article describes the use of computers as a treatment tool in occupational therapy. The computers are based in light and heavy occupational therapy workshops in a regional rehabilitation unit. The advantages and disadvantages of the computers, used with patients between 16 and 65 years of age with a wide variety of conditions, are discussed.
The Shower Room: Variations on a Theme Part I
Authors: Stevens Brenda M , Farmer Beatrice A
Published: April 2015

This article focuses on the essential requirements of individuals in need of showering facilities. Adaptation of existing buildings and new constructions are discussed. A handout produced for occupational therapists to pass on to builders is included in Part 2.
The Shower Room: Variations on a Theme Part 2
Authors: Stevens Brenda M , Farmer Beatrice A
Published: April 2015

This article focuses on the essential requirements of individuals in need of showering facilities. Adaptation of existing buildings and new constructions are discussed. A handout produced for occupational therapists to pass on to builders is included.
A Treatment for the Hemiplegic Arm
Authors: Davies Bryony , Knapp Margaret
Published: April 2015

This article describes an arm support for hemiplegic patients, developed by the rehabilitation team at the Querns Hospital. The device consists of an overhead gantry which can be fitted to a standard DHSS wheelchair; the arm is suspended at the elbow and wrist by springs and slings. So far 33 patients have used the gantry, which the authors believe prevents subluxation, increases awareness of the affected limb and helps reduce spasticity.
Individual Behavioural Programme Planning with Long-Stay Schizophrenic Patients Part 1: Programmes Planned and Followed in an Occupational Therapy Department
Authors: Drouet Vera M
Published: April 2015

In a previous article the author described occupational therapy participation in a 3-year behaviour therapy research project.1 This three-part paper deals in more detail with two interventions employed with project patients in occupational therapy — programmes designed specifically to be followed in the occupational therapy department and social skills groups — and also with occupational therapy staff as part of the multidisciplinary team.
A Controlled Trial of Goal Setting for Long-Term Community Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Howell Christine
Published: April 2015

Clinical goal setting is a widely advocated, yet poorly documented technique. This paper describes a controlled trial which was carried out with long-term community psychiatric patients. The experimental group received goal setting in the form of goal attainment scaling (GAS), whilst the control group received social reinforcement. The experimental group had a higher goal score and a significantly higher sessional involvement (p<0.05). The goal categories decided by the clinicians as relevant, differed from those wished by the subjects; the latter subsequently attained only low goal scores. There were no significant differences between the two groups on the work performance or social interaction outcome measures. These differences between the two groups were obtained despite the fact that the subjects of the research were the most intransigent to treatment. It is suggested that goal setting is an independent treatment technique which requires further substantiation, particularly amongst occupational therapists who are covertly or overtly employing the technique. Further research must address the question of identifying the characteristics of patients most likely to benefit from goal setting.
An Approach to the Assessment of Sitting Ability for the Prescription of Seating
Authors: Mulcahy Catharine M
Published: April 2015

This article describes the positive assessment of a child's ability in order to determine his or her therapeutic seating needs.
Video and Occupational Therapy: The Use of Video Recording with a Camera in Therapeutic Settings
Authors: McGeorge David W F
Published: April 2015

Based on personal experience, a review of the literature and the results of a questionnaire, this article aims to present an introduction to video production in occupational therapy, to look at how and where video is used and to establish a framework of research which may indicate areas for future study. Little research exists looking at video and occupational therapy. The survey shows enthusiastic involvement with video. Few, if any, training opportunities exist. The need for sharing of experience is established and the contents of a training course are suggested.
Using Activities of Daily Living Assessments to Measure the Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplements in Elderly Long-Stay Patients
Authors: Corless D , Ellis M , Dawson E , Fraser F , Evans S , Perry J D , Silver C P , Reisner C , Beer M , Boucher B J , Cohen R D
Published: April 2015

Selected activities of daily living were used to measure improvement in independence of long-stay elderly patients known to have low concentrations of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D. This was a double-blind random controlled trial lasting between 8 and 40 weeks. No significant changes were found in either group.
Why Do We Need Staff Performance Review?
Authors: Alsop Auldeen E
Published: April 2015

This article looks at the reasons for introducing a staff performance review system and accepting it as an essential element in the monitoring and evaluation of an occupational therapy service. It considers ways of helping staff to see it as a positive method of promoting job satisfaction for themselves, increased efficiency for the department and a high quality service for patients within the district. The article also includes a report on how a staff performance review system was implemented in East Dorset, with special reference to the practicalities of planning and carrying out the project. The ultimate value of the scheme in establishing individual training needs and providing a comprehensive district staff development programme is acknowledged.
Drama Therapy in a Child and Family Psychiatry Unit
Authors: Trafford Gill , Perks Alison
Published: April 2015

Drama therapy is a valuable form of group treatment when working with children. This article is a brief introduction to the aims and application of drama therapy, followed by a discussion of the practicalities of using this therapy with children. The article includes a vignette of a session to provide an understanding of the children's situations and their interactions within the therapy group.
AIDS, ARC and the Occupational Therapist
Authors: Giles Gordon Muir , Allen Mary Elisabeth
Published: April 2015

This paper suggests precautions to be taken around individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Infection control and health risks are discussed, which are of relevance to the occupational therapist in the hospital and in a domiciliary setting. The importance of safe sex for the total population is emphasized. Counselling issues are discussed briefly.
Alternatives to Open Employment in the Community
Authors: Gilman Sue
Published: April 2015

This article describes how the staff of a rehabilitation unit have tackled the problem of work opportunities for patients as part of the rehabilitation process in a time of wide-scale unemployment.
To Recommend or Not to Recommend: Articulating the Reasons
Authors: Abraham Brian , Boyle Geraldine , Clamp Shan , Robson Carolyn
Published: April 2015

This article has been written by a team of community occupational therapists who shared a common concern about the pervading doubt which accompanied their recommendations, especially when those recommendations were challenged. Time was set aside and, by disciplined reflection and discussion, the factors surrounding the doubt were made sense of in a systematic way. This systematic understanding was refined into a simple and easily applicable framework. The framework was successfully used to analyse decisions and to articulate those recommendations to others.
Legal Aspects of Occupational Therapy: Part 2
Authors: Dimond Bridgit
Published: April 2015

The second article looks at occupational therapists' duty under their contract of employment with their employers, the duties which flow from that contract and their rights to apply to an industrial tribunal if they are unfairly dismissed. The rights of a pregnant employee are also considered. The occupational therapist's liability as a registered professional is examined, together with the powers and regulations relating to the Council for Professions Supplementary to Medicine and the Disciplinary Committee.

This article also considers specific areas of particular concern to occupational therapists: Their liability for their work in the community, the anxieties they have over assault and trespass, and the extent to which they can compel a patient to undergo treatment or be admitted to an institution. The remedies available to them if they should be injured in a client's home and their position in law if they go outside their job description are also included.
Remedial Therapy Referral Times for Stroke Patients
Authors: Simpson Roger J
Published: April 2015

A point-prevalence survey in Salisbury Hospitals identified 62 inpatients with a primary diagnosis of stroke, 56 of whom had been conscious on admission. Overall, 96% of patients had been referred for physiotherapy and 72% for occupational therapy. However, analysis by admitting specialty showed large differences between geriatric and general medicine in both percentage of patients referred and average referral times. The Salisbury results were compared with the Edinburgh stroke unit randomized controlled trial which had shown differences in referral patterns and early functional outcome. Geriatric medicine admissions followed the Edinburgh stroke unit pattern for remedial therapy referral, but general medicine admissions were similar to the Edinburgh study's control units. The implications of these results for functional outcome and resource use led to recommendations for referral policies for stroke patients in Salisbury.
Patients' Views of Occupational Therapy in a Therapeutic Milieu
Authors: Stockwell Rose , Powell Andrew , Bhat Ashok , Evans Chris
Published: April 2015

This paper looks at patients' views of a range of occupational therapy activities offered on a psychiatric unit. It presents demographic, diagnostic and outcome information related to these views and outlines some of the research difficulties of using a questionnaire.
Setting up a Ward-Based Group Therapy Programme for Psychiatric Inpatients
Authors: Miller Keith , Matthews Debby
Published: April 2015

This article describes the steps involved in planning and running a group therapy intervention on an acute psychiatric admission ward. A model of group therapy based on the work of Yalom was adopted as the basis for a series of planning meetings, during which the viability of the intervention in the authors' particular setting was assessed. Following the planning phase, the group ran successfully and an example of a typical session's structure is discussed in some detail in the second part of this article. Some comments about the role of occupational therapists within psychiatry are made in the light of the authors' experience.
Stress in Occupational Therapy: How to Cope
Authors: Craik Christine
Published: April 2015

This article reviews the literature on stress at work in order to highlight the themes which predominate, the alternative ways of examining and exploring the problem, and the strategies and programmes which have been proposed to contend with the phenomenon. Most importantly, it aims to alert occupational therapists to the problem and to enhance their sense of purpose in combating it.
A Rating Scale for Assessing Elderly Patients
Authors: Leng Nicholas R C , Taylor Sandie R , Hanley Odette
Published: April 2015

A brief scale suitable for the assessment of elderly patients attending a day hospital is described. Reliability and validity data are reported and it is concluded that the rating scale may be found useful by occupational therapists in establishing level of cognitive functioning. It is suggested that future work might examine the usefulness of the scale in detecting change in level of functioning.
A Vocational Rehabilitation Programme in Forensic Psychiatry
Authors: Lloyd Chris , Guerra Fidel
Published: April 2015

A key objective for occupational therapists in forensic psychiatry is to integrate those patients who are employable back into the community as productive citizens. There is a need for expertise in evaluating the employability of the individual and the development of work-related skills in order to assist the individual to obtain a job in a competitive market.
Writers' Workshops, the Word Processor and the Psychiatric Patient
Authors: Foster Liz
Published: April 2015

This article outlines the range of activities of a literacy project in a psychiatric hospital, focusing on the use of the word processor as a means of enabling the patients to communicate effectively in a variety of situations, with particular emphasis on creative writing.
Therapy following Replantation of a Hand
Authors: Vennelle Ann
Published: April 2015

The number of upper limb replantations is increasing, therefore a knowledge of the post-operative management is of importance for all hand therapists. The hand therapist is in an excellent position to deal with such cases, providing a comprehensive treatment programme to deal with physical, psychological, social and work problems. This paper illustrates, by the use of a single case study, the role of the hand therapist in the post-operative management of a replanted hand. Although it is acknowledged that each patient will present with differing problems related to the cause and level of amputation, the outline and stages of treatment will be similar in each case.
The Use of Silicone Gel Sheets in the Control of Hypertrophic Scar Tissue
Authors: Gollop Rosemary
Published: April 2015

For the past 3 years, Nottingham City Hospital Burns and Plastic Surgery Unit have been using silicone gel in addition to, or as an alternative to, accepted methods of treating hypertrophic scarring. This paper outlines the history, properties and indications for use of silicone gel. Its findings result from a retrospective study based largely on clinical observations.
Future Possibilities for a Continuum of Professional Development
Authors: Stewart Averil M
Published: April 2015

This paper examines some of the political and socioeconomic aspects impinging upon the development of occupational therapy in the UK and compares the current situation with strategies relating to manpower in the USA. (A second paper will present suggestions for possible action in the UK.)
Selection of Students for Occupational Therapy
Authors: King Anna
Published: April 2015

With the integration of St Joseph's College of Occupational Therapy into the Faculty of Health Sciences at Trinity College, Dublin, the selection procedures were reviewed to consider using academic criteria alone. The relevant literature is reviewed and the decision to select students using academic criteria alone in the majority of cases is discussed briefly.
Modes of Operation in Clinical Supervision: How Clinical Supervisors Perceive Themselves
Authors: Munroe Heli
Published: April 2015

Supervisors' mental models for the supervision of students in clinical practice were explored by means of data elicited through concept mapping and associated cognitive tasks. On the basis of the findings from a small sample of 20 clinical supervisors, a tentative typology of four modes of operation was postulated. In addition, the clinical supervisors involved in this study identified four key functions of the clinical supervisor.
Adaptive Seating for Motor Handicap: Problems, a Solution, Assessment and Prescription
Authors: Mulcahy C M , Pountney T E , Nelham R L , Green E M , Billington G D
Published: April 2015

An analysis of the problems of available adaptive seating has led to the development of a modular seating system capable of assembly and adjustment without workshop facilities. Seven levels of sitting ability are defined and a methodical assessment procedure and prescription criteria for the provision of adaptive seating are described.
A New Information Service for Occupational Therapists
Authors: Roberts David
Published: April 2015

The inadequacy of bibliographic information services covering the occupational therapy literature seems beyond dispute. Beginning in late 1986, the publication Occupational Therapy Index is an attempt to cover comprehensively the professional journal literature. This article describes the origins and development of this publication. Discussion of the organization, the coverage, some of the problems encountered and the related information services is also included.
Management Budgeting for Occupational Therapists?
Authors: Buchanan Nina
Published: April 2015

This article describes a preliminary study into the implications of management budgeting for occupational therapy services. † In the Derby Unit of Psychiatry, occupational therapists used a database provided by the hospital to determine measurable clinical treatment time, to examine patient contact hours for differing grades of occupational therapy staff, and to determine possible links between time spent in clinical contacts and staff job satisfaction. Although the sample size is small (N= 43 investigated working days), results and discussion give rise to important budgeting implications and suggestions for further study.
Assessment of Domestic Function within a Day Hospital for Elderly Mentally III People
Authors: Sword Jane , Lambert Rod
Published: April 2015

With the opening of the Eden Centre Day Hospital, Garlands Hospital, Carlisle, it was felt that a detailed domestic assessment form was required. It needed to provide basic information about the client and a comprehensive assessment of function, leading to a consistent format for reporting and recommendations.
An Introduction to Self-Assessment
Authors: Garbutt Judith S
Published: April 2015

This article is an introductory exploration of the value of self-assessment with particular reference to the Disabled Persons (Services, Consultation and Representation) Act 1986, taking into account the present shortage of occupational therapists and the possible sharp rise in the requirement for formal assessments.
How Occupational Therapy Staff Spend Their Work Time
Authors: Smith Sue
Published: April 2015

This article summarises the main findings from a survey of the treatment and treatment-related activities used during one working week by 157 occupational therapy staff working in Southampton and South West Hants Health Authority. Forty eight per cent of overall work time was spent in direct treatment, while 32% was spent in treatment-related work and 20% in other work activities. Treatment was carried out predominantly by technical and helper staff, while occupational therapists spent more time in treatment-related activities. The most extensively used treatment category was Personal Activities of Daily Living which took up 6.80% of work time, while the most extensively recorded treatment-related category was Verbal Communication which took up 7.88% of work time. Very little home visiting was carried out, except by occupational therapists working in physical medicine.
Adaptive Positioning Intervention for Premature Infants: Issues for Paediatric Occupational Therapy Practice
Authors: Bellefeuille-Reid Denise , Jakubek Suzanne
Published: April 2015

Adaptive positioning is one aspect of occupational therapy intervention with premature infants. This article reviews briefly the literature on the benefits of positioning strategies with premature infants, as well as the literature pertaining to infant alert states and the development of early parent-child interactions, in an attempt to present important roles for the occupational therapist working with this population: It is suggested that for successful implementation of positioning intervention, occupational therapists need to be able to recognise infant states and educate caregivers of their implications. In addition, occupational therapists should encourage caregivers to assume a greater responsibility for the positioning aspect of their infants care.
Promotion of Occupational Therapy Week in North Wales
Authors: Pool Jackie
Published: April 2015

A local promotion of occupational therapy was staged at the end of 1988. An outdoor display on a Saturday was followed by information displays in local hospital and social services department public areas. The media covered the event and public awareness was raised. A short questionnaire highlighted the need to promote the definition of occupational therapy by the principle rather than the activity. It is hoped that this article will prompt similar promotion events and that it will prove useful as a guideline of ideas and pitfalls.
Using Creative Writing
Authors: Dynes Robin
Published: April 2015

This article describes how creative writing has been used in a psychiatric day hospital to provide support for other therapeutic activities and improve the life skills of patients.
Magpie: A Foot-Operated Feeding Device
Authors: Oliver Jennie
Published: April 2015

The Magpie is a foot-operated feeding device, designed to be used by people who have insufficient arm function to feed themselves but retain sufficient leg movement which can be harnessed to operate this device. A trial of 16 people was carried out to evaluate its design and assess its effectiveness. With positive results from this trial, the Magpie is to be put into production and made available to suitable people.