bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proposta de educação alimentar e nutricional integrada ao currículo de Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Maldonado Luciana , Farias Silvia Cristina , Damião Jorginete de Jesus , Castro Luciana Maria Cerqueira , Silva Ana Carolina Feldenheimer da , Castro Inês Rugani Ribeiro de
Published: March 2022

Buscando apoiar iniciativas de educação alimentar e nutricional na escola contínuas e integradas ao currículo, foi elaborada uma série de materiais de apoio para profissionais de educação e de saúde. O artigo apresenta a matriz de temáticas de alimentação e nutrição que serviu de base para a construção destes materiais (Matriz) e apresenta a convergência entre a abordagem adotada nas atividades dos Cadernos de Atividades que compõem a série de materiais e as dimensões da alimentação, os princípios do Marco de Referência de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional para Políticas Públicas (Marco de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional) e as diretrizes curriculares nacionais para a educação básica. A Matriz permitiu a concepção de atividades educativas que oportunizam uma abordagem ampliada sobre alimentação e nutrição e, ao mesmo tempo, transversal e articulada ao currículo. As atividades possibilitaram o diálogo com diferentes componentes curriculares e a articulação entre eles. A convergência das atividades com o Marco de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional se expressou na contextualização das práticas alimentares nos territórios e realidades dos escolares; na abordagem problematizadora, que estimula o pensamento crítico e a promoção de autonomia tanto de educadores como de escolares; e no planejamento intersetorial por meio de temas e estratégias de ação, que encorajam a pactuação entre profissionais de saúde e de educação. Sendo assim, a iniciativa apresentada neste artigo fortalece as ações de educação alimentar e nutricional no âmbito da escola e pode colaborar para a ampliação do repertório dos educadores sobre a temática de alimentação e nutrição e para sua inclusão no currículo de forma cotidiana e transversal.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DO CONHECIMENTO PEDAGÓGICO DO CONTEÚDO (PCK) DE UMA LICENCIANDA EM QUÍMICA NO ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO
Authors: ARRIGO VIVIANE , LORENCINI JÚNIOR ÁLVARO , BROIETTI FABIELE CRISTIANE DIAS , FREIRE LEILA INÊS FOLLMANN
Published: March 2022

RESUMO: O presente estudo tem como foco de investigação o desenvolvimento do conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo (PCK) de uma licencianda em Química, no contexto do Estágio Supervisionado. Nosso objetivo residiu em identificar e caracterizar os conhecimentos desenvolvidos pela licencianda sob a perspectiva do PCK ao planejar e implementar atividades de ensino no Estágio de Regência. Durante esse processo, as discussões com a licencianda foram gravadas em áudio, transcritas e analisadas com base na análise textual discursiva. Em seguida, interpretamos as categorias emergentes com base no modelo de Shulman sobre o PCK e em outros modelos que dele se desdobraram. Os resultados encontrados revelam que, durante o planejamento, o PCK foi mobilizado tendo como ponto de partida o conhecimento do conteúdo, que sustentou a mobilização de outros conhecimentos da base, como o pedagógico geral e o de contexto, de acordo com os seus propósitos de ensino, as características das estratégias de ensino adotadas e as situações de ensino já vivenciadas com os alunos. Após as aulas serem ministradas, percebemos que ocorreu a ampliação do PCK da licencianda por meio de um processo reflexivo que deu origem a cinco categorias: Aprendizagem, Participação, Planejamento, Interação professor-aluno e Mediação Pedagógica do Conteúdo, que, entendemos, representam aspectos que já faziam parte do seu PCK e que se ampliaram por meio da validação da própria prática. Defendemos, portanto, que o desenvolvimento do PCK, neste caso, ocorreu de forma intermediária entre o modelo integrativo e o transformativo proposto por Gess-Newsome (1999).
HEALTH CARE EFFECT OF SPORTS ON IMPROVING PHYSICAL FUNCTION
Authors: Yang Yi , He Huiquan
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: One of the basic tasks of physical education in colleges and universities is to guide students to exercise and strengthen their physical fitness. Therefore, we need to study the physical function status of college students and the law of change in the learning process. Objective: To conduct physical training for college students and study the impact of exercise on physical function. Methods: Female college students are randomly divided into three groups with different training programs. The training cycle lasts 12 weeks. Results: There were statistical differences in the physical functions and qualities of the three groups of students after different training programs. Aerobic and strength training has obvious effects on improving students’ skills. Conclusion: The combination of aerobic exercise and strength training enhances the physical function of female students. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
Synthesis, characterization and protection effect of black rice anthocyanins nano-composite against hepatotoxicity induced by methotrexate in rats
Authors: Sheikha M. A. , Soheir N. A. , SyragEldin F. M.
Published: March 2022

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the beneficial of prepared black rice anthocyanins nano-composite (An-AgNps) against hepatotoxicity induced by methotrexate (MTX) in rats. Anthocyanins nano-composite was prepared by silver as the metallic ion reduction and were characterized by IR and SEM. The rats in our experiment were divided into five groups. Serum lipid profile, serum transaminases (ALT and AST), ALP, LDH, TBA, GSH and SOD were examined. The results show that SEM of An-AgNps has average particle size from 70 to 130nm. In the group treated with MTX; TC, TG, LDL-c, ALT, AST, ALP, LDH and TBA levels were significantly (P≤0.05) increased than NC, while, HDL-c, SOD and GSH levels were significantly (P≤0.05) decreased. On the other hand, An-AgNps + MTX treated groups were reversed the levels of all biomarkers similar to NC. In conclusion, the results show that An-AgNps has a protective effect on MTX-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress.
Phytochemical profile and biological activities of Bromelia antiacantha extracts
Authors: Rodrigues K. F. , Bitencourt T. C. , Núñez J. G. , Garcia H. O. , Buhl B. , Padilha G. L. , Ethur E. M. , Hoehne L. , Bruno A. N. , Freitas E. M.
Published: March 2022

Abstract Reports from popular medicine usually act as a basis for the development of new drugs from natural compounds with therapeutic actions for serious diseases and prevalence such as cancer. Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. is a species of the Bromeliaceae family, considered an unconventional food plant, found in the south and midwest regions of Brazil. Despite the high nutritional content and pharmacological potential of its fruits, few scientific studies report its biological actions. Thus, this study evaluates the phytochemical profile of aqueous and ethanol extracts obtained from B. antiacantha fruits, as well as their possible antioxidant, antitumor, and cytotoxic activities. The aqueous extract exhibited phenolic compounds and flavonoids, while ethanol extracts indicated the presence of flavonoids and coumarin in their composition, regardless of the region of collection. The ethanolic extract demonstrated a more promising antioxidant effect than the aqueous extract and also induced a significant inhibition in the viability of human cervical cancer cells of the SiHa strain. In addition, treatment with both extracts did not alter the viability of non-tumor cells of the immortalized human keratinocyte lineage (HaCaT). These results bring new data about extracts obtained from a native plant, edible and traditionally used in popular medicine, opening new perspectives for its possible therapeutic application.
The antagonistic activity of the synbiotic containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and pineapple residue FOS against pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Ibrahem A. A. , Al-Shawi S. G. , Al-Temimi W. K. A.
Published: March 2022

Abstract Fructooligosaccharide is used widely in many foods and pharmaceutical industries and produced by using different ways such as extracting it from plants or producing it by using plants and microorganisms’ enzymes. In a previous study, we extracted Fructosyltransferase (Ftase) enzyme from pineapple residue and produced FOS. In this study, we measured the antagonistic activity of two synbiotics, the first synbiotic containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and the produced FOS, the second synbiotic containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and standard FOS, against pathogenic bacteria (P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus and B cereus). The results showed that the antagonistic activity of both synbiotic types was very close, as there were no significant differences between them except in the antagonistic activity against S. aureus, there was a significant difference between the synbiotic containing the standard FOS, which was the highest in its antagonistic activity compared to the synbiotic containing the produced FOS in this study. The activity of the fructooligosaccharide (FOS) extracted from pineapple residue was evident in enhancing the activity of the probiotic bacteria (L. acidophilus), which had a major role in the production of acids and compounds that inhibited the pathogenic bacteria. The diameters of inhibition areas in the current study ranged between 19.33-28 mm, and E. coli was more susceptible to inhibition, followed by S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and B. cereus, respectively.
Marcos e narrativas correntes de uma Lisboa Pombalina
Authors: Pereira Gustavo
Published: March 2022

RESUMO O artigo apresenta um breve percurso crítico-reflexivo pela região central de Lisboa, cidade que constrói, preserva e cultiva uma herança percebida como pombalina. O autor se atenta à conformação de marcos, narrativas e usos de aspectos de um passado ligado ao marquês de Pombal. Tomam-se como foco o Lisboa Story Centre, as tentativas de fazer da Lisboa Pombalina Patrimônio Mundial da UNESCO e a praça do Comércio; espaço vinculado ao discurso mais difundido sobre a reconstrução da capital após o terremoto de 1755 - discurso duradouro que se remete, no fundo, às ideias e justificativas elaboradas e divulgadas pelo marquês e por seus colaboradores.
A ilha da utopia na Baía de Guanabara: de Vespúcio a Pigafetta
Authors: Pereira Paulo Roberto
Published: March 2022

RESUMO A Terra do Brasil e a literatura de viagens: Vespúcio e as Quatro Navegações ou Lettera a Soderini. Falsa atribuição da descoberta do Rio de Janeiro a Gaspar de Lemos e a André Gonçalves. Fundação da “Feitoria do Rio de Janeiro”, chamada “Feitoria de Cabo Frio”. A estadia da frota de Magalhães na Guanabara e a prioridade do topônimo “Rio de Janeiro”. João Lopes de Carvalho e seu filho Joãozinho “Niñito” na feitoria da Baía de Guanabara. More e a utopia política numa ilha do Rio de Janeiro.
Comparatism, translation and languages: Commonalities in literary circulation in the Southern Cone
Authors: Jobim José Luís
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT This article aims to provide a concise examination of the commonalities between literary systems in the Southern Cone and other systems, as regards inherent characteristics and intersections/appropriations/transformations related to cultural encounters mediated by intercultural and interlinguistic translations. It will begin by outlining the historical relationship between Comparative Literature and translation, and will then consider the shared aspects of the systems of the Southern Cone and other places, paying particular attention to the issue of languages as a factor of relevance for literary and cultural circulation.
Lugar de fala em romances brasileiros
Authors: Silva Juremir Machado da
Published: March 2022

RESUMO Este texto aborda o conceito de “lugar de fala” como possível marca de aproximação de alguns livros brasileiros de ficção publicados no século XXI. Passagem do ponto de vista ao “lugar de fala”?
Alasdair MacIntyre e a Filosofia do Esporte: uma discussão comparativa sobre o conceito de prática
Authors: Boccati Paulo Augusto , Santos Neto Samuel Ribeiro dos
Published: March 2022

RESUMO O artigo teve por objetivo apresentar o conceito de práticas sociais do filósofo Alasdair MacIntyre, a partir de seus usos na Filosofia do Esporte, e compará-lo com o conceito de práticas corporais mobilizado na literatura brasileira do campo da Educação Física. A discussão foi realizada a partir de uma revisão narrativa de ambos os conceitos, buscando contextualizar seus percursos epistemológicos, apropriações e possíveis fragilidades e potencialidades. Foi possível constatar que o conceito de práticas de MacIntyre é dotado de estabilidade e possibilita a investigação estruturada de questões específicas dos esportes, mas possui menor amplitude de significantes comparado ao conceito de práticas corporais.
Combining ability for resistance to Fusarium wilt and yield in black bean
Authors: Torres Mário Henrique Rodrigues Mendes , Souza Thiago Lívio Pessoa Oliveira de , Melo Leonardo Cunha , Pereira Helton Santos
Published: March 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to investigate the genetic control of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and to select parents and segregating populations with high resistance to Fusarium wilt, high yield, and greater 100-seed weight (100SW), using a partial diallel cross. Twenty-five populations were obtained from two groups of parents – the first with five parents resistant to and the second with five parents susceptible to Fusarium wilt. The segregating populations were evaluated in experiments in three years/generations for reaction to Fusarium wilt, yield, and 100SW in an area naturally infested with the pathogen. The diallel analysis showed additive and nonadditive effects in control of the three studied traits, with predominance of additive effects. CNFP 15194, CNFP 15207, and 'BRS Esplendor' are the genotypes with high and negative general combining ability estimates (gi = -0.59, -0.76, and -0.13, respectively), being recommended for use as parents for resistance to Fusarium wilt. Among them, CNFP 15194 also forms populations with a greater 100SW (gi = 0.69). The BRS FP403 cultivar is recommended as a parent to increase yield (gi = 218) and 100SW (gi = 1.46). Six populations were selected to obtain black bean lines that combine resistance to Fusarium wilt, high yield, and high 100SW.
Forget-me-not: Giving Voice to Memory in Mark Z. Danielewski's "The Familiar" and Elsa Morante's "La Storia"
Authors: Flack Corey
Published: March 2022

Among the many, intertwining motifs spanning the volumes of Mark Z. Danielewski’s The Familiar, the repeated reference to forget-me-nots is not one that leaps off the page to the reader. Its presence in Xanther’s seizure in Volume 4: Hades speaks to larger notions of memory of tragedies such as the Armenian Genocide, or even the chronomosaic timelines present in Danielewski’s earlier novel, Only Revolutions. This paper, while exploring notions notions of memory through Adriana Cavarero’s theory of the narratable self, will argue that their root is in Elsa Morante’s 1974 novel La Storia, which centers on a Jewish mother and her son, both epileptic, in Rome during World War II. Yet, while both works utilize their characters’ epilepsy as a way to better acknowledge the suffering and tragedies occurring around them, Morante’s articulation of the crushing wheel of history differs from the more hopeful presentation Danielewski provides. Through her epilepsy, Xanther instead emerges as a character who highlights the importance of giving voice to others, especially those unable to speak for themselves.
Climatic suitability for Coffea arabica L. front to climate events extreme: Tree cover importance
Authors: Parada-Molina Paulo César , Barradas-Miranda Víctor Luis , Ortiz Ceballos Gustavo , Cervantes-Pérez Juan , Cerdán Cabrera Carlos Roberto
Published: March 2022

Negative impacts of climate change are expected in the production of Coffea arabica L. one of the most commercialized tropical agroproducts in the world. However, most studies work with global circulation models, being of little use in making decisions on the scale of farm management. Given this, the objective of this study was to identify the suitability for the cultivation of C. arabica in the face of climate change and how tree cover mitigates the impacts of climate change in an agroforestry plot. The indices of climatic extremes were calculated (1961 to 2016 for Coatepec; 1985 to 2016 for Briones) and a trend analysis was carried out (Mann-Kendall). The temperature inside a plot, and on an open site, was monitored for two years (2017-2019). This was related to the climatic requirements of C. Arabica. Trends of increase (p < 0.05) of the minimum and minimum extreme annual temperatures were identified in the two stations near the plot (0.24 and 0.69 °C·decade-1 in Coatepec and 0.46 and 0.79 °C·decade-1 in Briones). The maximum temperature did not present significant increases, reducing the thermal amplitude. Both annual and seasonal precipitation shows trends of increase in intensity. All these conditions are still suitable for the cultivation of C. arabica. At the plot scale, the importance of tree cover is demonstrated, which in this agroforestry system allows to reduce the maximum temperature by 1.9 °C compared to an open site. Tree cover has also made it possible to mitigate extreme events.
POSTLINGUAL SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS DUE TO KNOWN TBC1D24 GENE ALTERATION
Authors: Oziębło Dominika , Leja Marcin , Bałdyga Natalia , Sarosiak Anna , Skarżyński Henryk , Ołdak Monika
Published: March 2022

Background

Genetically determined hearing loss (HL) can be inherited in two major ways - autosomal recessive or dominant. Autosomal dominant hearing loss (ADHL) is usually postlingual and progressive. To date, 50 different genes have been demonstrated to be causally involved in its development. In Polish ADHL patients, TBC1D24 pathogenic variants are a frequent cause of the disease.

Case report

A three-generation Polish family with ADHL was recruited for the study. An audiological assessment was conducted and next- generation sequencing of a custom HL multigene panel (n = 237 genes) was performed in the index patient. The presence and segregation of the detected variant with HL was verified by Sanger sequencing. All affected individuals had postlingual progressive HL, mainly affecting high frequencies. In this study, a very rare previously reported p.Ser178Leu variant in TBC1D24 was identified in all family members with HL.

Conclusions

Our study provides an independent confirmation of the pathogenic role of TBC1D24 p.Ser178Leu in HL. In individuals with ADHL-related TBC1D24 pathogenic variants, the cochlear component of the auditory system is affected. Patients may also report tinnitus but usually do not complain of vertigo
Plain packaging and Pictorial Warning in Asia Countries: Where are we?
Authors: Jetly Kavita , Mohammed Nawi Azmawati , Mohd Ghazali Qistina , Abd Manaf Mohd Rizal
Published: March 2022

Worldwide, around 8 million people die yearly due to tobacco usage. Cigarette smoking is the most popular form of tobacco usage. Smoking has linked to many detrimental health effects among adults and adolescents. Recognising the burden of smoking, World Health Organization have implemented various tobacco control strategies under the Framework Convention of Tobacco Control and mPOWER. This includes implementation of plain packaging and pictorial warning. In Asia, only Thailand, Singapore, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Israel have implemented plain cigarette pack. However, some countries have made progress to implement plain cigarette pack. Although some countries have not implemented plain pack, implementation of larger pictorial warning serve as a pathway for implementation of plain packaging. Countries with pictorial warning on cigarette pack should ensure it covers at least 50% of pack. Timor Leste has the largest pictorial warning on cigarette pack in the world. In conclusion, only 5 countries in Asia have implemented plain pack and some countries in this region are yet to implement size of pictorial warning according to requirement of World Health Organization. All countries should target to implement standardized pack to denormalise tobacco usage.
Mathematical simulation of heat transfer in nonaccessible channels of heat supply system network
Authors: Bannikova S.A.
Published: March 2022

High values of standard heat losses in the heating networks of central heat supply systems indicate an opportunity to increase their energy efficiency. Сurrently available mathematical models of heat networks are described in the scientific studies of Polovnikov V.Yu., Kuznetsov G.V., Tarasevich E.I. But they do not solve the problem of assessing changes of the thermal networks state when energy-saving measures are used. The purpose of the study is to determine the permissible heat perception of the device collector for utilization of heat losses in the heating main channel. The study is based on the development and research of mathematical models of heat exchange processes in the heat supply network. A mathematical modeling method is chosen to search for acceptable operating modes of this device. The method can help to determine properly changes in the operation of the heat network. A descriptive mathematical model with distributed parameters based on differential equations with partial derivatives is used in modeling heat transfer processes in the heat network. The model is implemented using the finite element method. The authors propose a device for the utilization of heat losses in the heating channel. The authors have developed mathematical models of heat transfer processes in heat networks of underground trench laying in nonaccessible channels in a traditional design with the use of a heat-reflecting screen and combined action of the network and the device for the utilization of heat losses in the heat channel. Based on the comparison of the calculation results, the permissible heat perception value of the device collector for the utilization of heat losses has been determined. It equals to 90 % of the initial thermal losses. Mathematical models have been verified by comparing the results obtained and the experimental data with an error of less than 6 %. The developed mathematical models allow us to study the influence of heat perception of the device collector and the heat-reflecting screen on the operating mode of the heat network. It can be used to determine the geometric parameters of the collector of the device.
Analysis of influence of controlled high voltage line and automatic excitation control generators on oscillatory steady-state stability of electric-power system
Authors: Golov V.P. , Kormilitsyn D.N. , Sukhanova O.S.
Published: March 2022

According to the rules of installation of electricity-generating equipment, synchronous machines (generators, compensators, electric motors) must be equipped with automatic excitation control devices. Their application has a positive effect on the stability indicators and electrical power-engineering system modes. Currently, the development of industry and an increase in the number of consumers require transmission capacity growth of existing 220 kV power transmission lines. The use of controlled series compensation devices can significantly increase the transmission capacity of a power transmission line, however, there is a problem of stable operation of the electric power-engineering system. To choose the methods for control parameters of automatic excitation control and controlled series compensation device, it is advisable to analyze the oscillatory steady-state stability of the electric power-engineering system that contain a controlled 220 kV power transmission line when regulating the excitation of its generators. Methods of mathematical modeling of the electric power system, the theory of long-distance power lines and electromechanical transients, methods of analyzing the stability of electric power systems are used. The original software in the C++ programming language has been used as a modeling tool. The authors have analyzed the influence of controlled series compensation of high voltage transmission line and generators of automatic excitation control on oscillatory steady-state stability of electric power system. The parameters value of regulation of the controlled series compensation device and the automatic excitation control are determined, considering restrictions while maintaining the positive influence of these devices. Zones of stability of the examined electric power-engineering system are formed depending on setup variable of the devices under consideration. The obtained results can be used to enhance oscillatory steady-state stability of electric power system with controlled series compensation device and automatic excitation control systems.
On the issue of interoreception in diseases of the digestive organs
Authors: Teregulov A. G.
Published: March 2022

The problem of interoreception, in spite of the huge experimental material and facts established on patients by K.M. Bykov's laboratory (Bykov-Davydov, Trofimov, Kurtsin-Monakhov-Prokopenko) did not find proper coverage in the clinic of digestive organs diseases.The topic of the report is the issues of interoreception, namely, the role of interreflex disorders in the formation of complex forms of diseases of the digestive organs.
Surgeon's tactics for patients with acute cholecystitis
Authors: Sokolov N. V.
Published: March 2022

The question about the surgeon's tactics in patients with acute cholecystitis is not new. Okinshevich mentioned at the XV Congress of Russian surgeons in 1922, that from 134 patients 65 were operated in cold stage, and 67 patients - in acute stage due to "all kinds of complications". The question about surgery in acute stage of cholecystitis was also raised by I.I. Grekov. However, until recent years, there was great controversy on the issue of indications for surgery in the acute stage of cholecystitis.
Regarding thrombotic spleen
Authors: Vyaselev R. A. , Smirnov V. N.
Published: March 2022

The present report is an attempt of clinical analysis of our observations in order to emphasize the significance of individual symptoms of thrombophlebitic spleen and to clarify the indications for surgical intervention.In recent years we have followed up 13 patients with thrombophlebitic spleen. Of them: men-6, women-7; the patients' age varied from 17 to 46 years old.
Republican Meeting of Surgeons of TASSR
Authors: Sokolov N. V.
Published: March 2022

The TASSR Ministry of Health held the Republican meeting of surgeons of Tatarstan from May 25 to 28 this year in Kazan, which was attended by about 100 surgeons of regional and district hospitals. After the opening speech of the Minister of Public Health of the TASSR, Mr. M.I. Grachev, the chief surgeon of the TASSR Ministry of Public Health, docent Y.M. Krinitski, presented his report "On the state and measures to improve the surgical service in the TASSR".
Modern blood substitutes
Authors: Ganeeva R. R.
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, it is difficult to find a branch of practical medicine that would not use the healing properties of blood transfusion as a highly effective therapeutic method. The use of blood and its preparations for the treatment of patients has firmly entered the arsenal of medical means and led to the creation of the blood transfusion service.However, the organization of blood transfusion is associated with certain difficulties. Procurement of donor blood requires qualified personnel and material costs. At the same time the resources of donor blood are rather limited.
Scientific activity of the Kazan Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians to the 40th Anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution
Authors: Danilov I. V. , Vylegzhanin N. I.
Published: March 2022

The Institute was founded on April 23, 1920. Its emergence in 1920 in Kazan was not a coincidence.After the victorious end of the war with the interventionists, the Soviet state was faced with the task of peaceful economic construction. The transition from war to peaceful construction was associated with enormous difficulties in all spheres of the economy, and, of course, in the field of health care.A responsible task arose: to create an orderly system of health care which would meet the requirements of the workers' and peasants' state.
Major milestones in the development of the Kazan Research Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology over 40 years
Authors: Nemshilova N. A.
Published: March 2022

Professor N. F. Vysotsky played an outstanding role in the organization of the Institute. Initially the bacteriological institute consisted of 3 departments: serum, Pasteur and scientific. At the same time the Institute was a training base of the Medical Institute of Kazan University.From the first years of its existence, the most prominent figure of the Kazan Bacteriological Institute was I.I. Mechnikov's pupil, Professor I.G. Savchenko, who made a valuable contribution to the phagocytic theory of his teacher.
Recent achievements of Soviet scientists in the field of physiology and pathology of digestion
Authors: Kurtsin I. T.
Published: March 2022

Among Soviet scientists working in the field of digestive physiology and pathology, a good tradition has been firmly established: periodically gathering for scientific conferences to discuss the latest achievements in digestive physiology and pathology. The first such conference was held in Kharkov in 1938, the second - in 1940 in Leningrad, the third - in 1943 in Gorki, the fourth - in 1947 in Odessa, the fifth - in 1951 in Leningrad, the sixth - in 1954 in Kiev and the last, seventh - in 1957 in Tartu.A characteristic feature of all these conferences is that they gather not only specialists in physiology and pathology, biochemistry and morphology of the digestive apparatus, but also clinicians, mostly therapists and surgeons. Such communication is beneficial for the further development of theoretical and practical medicine. It reflects that union of physiology and clinic, which was created by works of coryphaei of a national science: physiologist I.P. Pavlov and physician S.P. Botkin.
On diagnosis of mitral stenosis, indications for its surgical dilation and some issues of surgical tactics in this operation
Authors: Shestakov S. V. , Libov S. L.
Published: March 2022

Currently, commissurotomy for left ventricular orifice narrowing is increasingly used with significant success. There is considerable literature on indications and contraindications for surgical treatment of mitral stenosis, but there is still no unity of opinion, especially in patients with severe circulatory insufficiency.This article presents our observations and considerations on the diagnosis of left ventricular stenosis, indications for its surgical treatment, as well as on some issues of surgical tactics in this operation.
A case of Markiafava-Mikeli disease
Authors: Korolev A. M.
Published: March 2022

Chronic hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis, Markiafau-Mikeli disease, first described in 1911, is an extremely rare disease. According to Grosby, only 162 cases have been described in the world literature. But, as G.V. Osechenskaya rightly points out, despite the rarity of the disease, the severity of the course of the disease, difficulty of diagnosis, lack of reliable means of treatment make every case to be carefully studied. This prompts us to publish our observation.
Screening for obliterative endarteritis
Authors: Shubin V. N.
Published: March 2022

In 1953, we suggested the necessity to dispensary patients with obliterating endarteritis. Somewhat earlier and later, similar proposals were made by Lidsky, I. Ioffe, Shabanov, Zakharova and others. Then, practical steps were taken to implement these suggestions. Thus, in Sverdlovsk, Saratov, Kazan, Leningrad, and other cities, dispensary activities were carried out which more or less fully resolved the objectives. The time has come to summarize some results of these activities and outline a further plan to combat obliterative endarteritis.
Problem of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis at the IX All-Union Conference of Physicians
Authors: Yaroshevsky A. Ya.
Published: March 2022

The IX All-Union Conference of Physicians was held in Leningrad on October 23-25, to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution. The conference heard a number of reports on the successes of certain sections of therapy during the 40 years of socialist construction.
Method for storage and shipment of sera for virological analysis
Authors: Stepanov K. D. , Suerbaeva G. G.
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, doctors are increasingly diagnosing tick-borne encephalitis. To confirm this diagnosis, a complex virological study of the patient's serum is required, which is usually performed in large medical centers. Tick-borne encephalitis occurs mainly in rural areas. The existing ways of storage and transfer of sera are either very complicated or do not guarantee sterility and cannot be recommended for wide use in rural areas.We offer our way of storing and shipping sera for virological analysis.
On the problem of breathing regulation and functional diagnostics of the lungs
Authors: Teregulov A. G.
Published: March 2022

Another 40-60 years of the last century were years of great searches for the location of the respiratory center. Flourens, Longet, on the basis of studies carried out at different levels of the central nervous system, put forward a hypothesis that in the medulla oblongata, corresponding to the X level of the pair of cranial nerves, there is a point - "noeud vital" - vital node 1 mm in size, damage to which is instantly accompanied by respiratory arrest. But searches for the anatomical localization of this node were in vain, and the question of the source of stimulation of respiratory movements was not resolved either.
Experience of the prophylactic use of penicillin in surgical practice
Authors: Akhtyamova Z. S.
Published: March 2022

Antibiotics have proven to be one of the most effective therapeutic and prophylactic agents in the last decade, of which penicillin has found the widest use in surgery to prevent infection after wounds and surgical interventions. Under our supervision there were 120 patients to whom penicillin was used for prophylactic purposes, in the absolute majority of cases in the postoperative period. Penicillin was injected into the abdominal cavity during the operation, 200,000-300,000 units, after the operation for 4 days, 200,000 units through a drainage tube, intramuscularly, 300,000 units. per day; sometimes penicillin was used in combination, that is, it was injected into the abdominal or pleural cavity, the edges of the wound were infiltrated and at the same time penicillin was injected intramuscularly.
Hemodynamic changes in patients during operations on the organs of the chest cavity with potentiated anesthesia
Authors: Sadykov N. M.
Published: March 2022

Surgical intervention on the organs of the chest cavity is unthinkable without the choice of a rational method of anesthesia, which significantly determines the radical nature of the operation and - very often - its immediate outcome. Anesthesia with the help of small doses of ordinary narcotic substances with their intensification with lytic mixtures is called potentiated anesthesia.
Experience of using chlorophos to control houseflies in rural conditions
Authors: Stepanov K. D.
Published: March 2022

As you know, the fight against houseflies plays an important role in the prevention of many infections. To kill houseflies, we used chlorophos, known abroad as dipterix and Bayer-13/59, which was provided to us by the Chemical Institute of the Kazan branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
On the question of changes in the excitability of the interoceptors of the small intestine in experimental peritonitis
Authors: Salikhov I. A.
Published: March 2022

The literature on interoceptive reactions of various organs and systems is quite large, but the question of the reflex activity of the abdominal organs under conditions of peritonitis has not been studied enough; meanwhile, it is important both in theoretical and practical terms. We made an attempt to investigate some aspects of reflex activity of the intestine in the dynamics of experimental peritonitis in dogs with unchanged and altered body reactivity caused by sensitization with a foreign protein. Experiments and control observations were performed on 128 dogs.
A case of a strangulated sciatic hernia in a newborn
Authors: Safina L. G.
Published: March 2022

Sciatic hernia is extremely rare. AP Krymov in his monograph "The Teaching of Hernias" provides data on 30 cases of sciatic hernia. After A.P. Krymov, Russian literature describes 4 cases of sciatic hernia in adults. Our observation concerns a newborn boy who was born on 31 / X-58 with a weight of 3250 g from healthy parents, and on 31 / XI-58 to the children's surgical department. As it turned out, immediately after the birth, no visible deformities were found, and only a certain general lethargy of the child paid attention. On the second day, the child's condition worsened, the temperature rose to 38 , bloating, abdominal muscle tension, and vomiting appeared. Stool and urination were normal. On close examination, the pediatrician discovered a swelling in the area of ​​the right buttock, mistook it for an inflammatory infiltrate, and prescribed an ointment compress and intramuscular penicillin.
Second Inter-Institutional Conference on Bacteriophagy
Authors: Perelstein S. B.
Published: March 2022

The conference heard 69 reports from the Soviet Union, as well as China, Poland and Bulgaria. It should be noted that the question of the nature of the bacteriophage has been controversial until recently. A big brake on the recognition of its living nature was the avisuality of the bacteriophage, which did not make it possible to confirm its corpuscularity. Only with the introduction of electron microscopy, electrophoresis, chromatography, the use of radioactive isotopes, data were obtained that not only prove the corpuscular nature of the phage, but also many details of its structure, metabolism, chemical composition, etc. have been discovered. Most modern researchers recognize the living nature of the bacteriophage, considering it a virus , a parasite of bacteria that infects microbial cells.
Prof. I. Ya. Sosnovik. Clinic and prevention of poisoning with pesticides. Medgiz, 1959. 150 pages. Price 5 rubles 20 kopecks. Circulation 5000
Authors: Okulov A. M.
Published: March 2022

The successful development of modern agriculture requires the widespread use of a number of chemicals used for fertilization, weeding crops (weed control), for processing seeds and crops, destroying pests and pathogens of crops, finished products. Many of these substances, called pesticides, are highly toxic to humans and animals. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective measures to prevent the adverse effects of pesticides on human health. So far, clearly not enough is being done in this regard. It is necessary to study the methods of using chemicals, taking into account local crops and climatic conditions, the safety of chemical products after their intended use in cereals, fruits, vegetables. Sanitary-biological laboratories in rural areas should possess methods for the chemical determination of the content of pesticides in food.
About chlorome (chlorleukemia)
Authors: Yasinovsky M. A. , Lepyavko A. G. , Sotnichenko L. A.
Published: March 2022

Chloroma, or, according to the modern classification, chlorleukemia, belongs to the group of acute leukemias - sarcoleukemias. The disease is characterized by the development of local tumor-like growths of a greenish color, emanating most often from the periosteum and having aggressive growth. Unlike malignant neoplasms, chloroma does not metastasize, but differs in its tendency to generalization, which is expressed in the occurrence of heterotropic foci of hematopoiesis in many organs. With infiltrating growth, chloroma grows into surrounding tissues and puts pressure on neighboring organs. The preferred localization of chloroma is the bones of the skull, especially the orbital area, as well as the lymph nodes. However, chloromatous growths, diffuse or nodular, can affect all other organs.
Complex treatment of closed fractures of the femur
Authors: Murugov V. S.
Published: March 2022

При лечении переломов бедренной кости мы пользуемся методом, который, одновременно с репозицией отломков, обеспечивает и их надежную фиксацию. Эти два условия сочетаются при применении постоянного вытяжения. Нужное положение конечности для лечения скелетным вытяжением мы осуществляем почти исключительно шиной-аппаратом проф. Л. И. Шулутко, так как она обеспечивает создание любого угла сгибания в коленном и тазобедренном суставах, а также дает возможность изменить длину наклонной плоскости для бедра, в зависимости от роста больного. Кроме того, при применении этой шины не требуется дополнительной стойки с блоками, так как последние смонтированы на самом аппарате. Перемещение блоков обеспечивает тягу при любом осевом положении центрального отломка бедра. Лишь в двух случаях мы пользовались шинами Белера.
The effect of chlorpromazine on labor in late pregnancy toxicosis
Authors: Orlovsky V. M.
Published: March 2022

Aminazine in recent years has become quite widely and with a significant therapeutic effect in the treatment of late toxicosis of pregnancy. In normal childbirth, chlorpromazine does not have a significant effect on labor, as evidenced by numerous data from foreign authors [2, 6, 7, etc.], who used it for pain relief during labor. There are conflicting observations about the effect of chlorpromazine on labor in late pregnancy toxicosis. Most authors [1, 3, 6, etc.] indicate that chlorpromazine does not significantly affect the course of labor, however, opposite opinions have also been published.
The use of lidase for saccular tumors of the uterine appendages and parametritis
Authors: Rembez I. N.
Published: March 2022

The purulent process in the tubes and ovaries is limited by the formation of dense capsules from their walls and extensive adhesions with the walls of the pelvis and neighboring organs (uterus, intestines, omentum). The formation of capsules impermeable to microbes and extensive adhesions in the acute stage plays a protective role, preventing the spread of infection. This is the manifestation of the barrier function of the connective tissue. Later, after the death of the causative agents of the inflammatory process in the appendages, these impermeable capsules delay the resorption of the accumulated serous or purulent exudate.
Axillary Artery Embolism Successfully Treated with Pelentan
Authors: Tikunova E. I.
Published: March 2022

Currently, the great importance of anticoagulants in the treatment of thrombosis and embolism has been established. We consider it necessary to report on the case of successful treatment of axillary embolism with pelentan. B-naya P., 71 years old, was admitted on 10/5/58 with complaints of aching pains in the left arm, aggravated by movement, a feeling of numbness in the fingers and a cold snap of the left hand, general weakness, noise in the head, periodic aching pains in the area heart and feeling of interruption, shortness of breath when walking.
To the clinic of multiple myelomatosis (Rustitsky-Kalera disease)
Authors: Vorobieva E. S. , Khasanova N. A.
Published: March 2022

Although multiple myelomatosis was described by O. A. Rustitsky back in 1873, and the clinical picture was supplemented by Kaler in 1887, there is still no single idea of ​​its nature. A. I. Abrikosov, A. F. Korovnikov, A. N. Kryukov, M. I. Arinkin, G. A. Alekseev, I. A. Kassirsky believe that myelomatosis is a systemic disease of hematopoietic tissue, such as leukemia, in which hyperplasia of myelomatous elements is accompanied by the appearance of heterotopic foci in the bones and internal organs. SA Reinberg, AA Opokin and others attribute myelomatosis to malignant neoplasms with a tendency to hematogenous metastases. A. I. Strukov included him in the group of "tumor-like reticulosis".
To the casuistry of heart wounds
Authors: Kuznetsov I. M.
Published: March 2022

In this post, we would like to share one of our observations. At three o'clock in the morning on 22 / VII-58, a carpenter A., ​​31 years old, picked up on the street, was delivered to the surgical department. He had 4 stab wounds, one of them located in the 5th intercostal space along the anterior axillary line. The wound is linear, 2 cm long, bleeds, penetrating. B-noy unconscious, pale face, rapid breathing, shallow, threadlike pulse, at times on the radial artery is not palpable, blood pressure is not determined. The patient was taken to the operating table with a diagnosis of heart injury. After a transfusion of 450 ml of blood, I regained consciousness, and my pulse could be felt better. The cervical vago-sympathetic blockade on the left was performed. Introduced 20 ml of 0.25% solution of novocaine in 5-6 intercostal spaces on the left of the spine.
Dynamics of blood prothrombin during operations on the thyroid gland
Authors: Morozov V. G.
Published: March 2022

Scientific advances in the physiology and pathology of the endocrine glands made it possible to establish their participation in many pathological processes and to successfully apply hormones in the treatment of many diseases. In the literature, there are indications of changes in the level of prothrombin in the blood in diseases of the thyroid gland, in particular, thyrotoxicosis. At the same time, most authors point to hypoprothrombinemia (A. V. Palladin, A. A. Polyantsev, E. Ginsburg, etc.). However, the question of the participation of the thyroid gland in prothrombin formation has been little studied.
On the study of working conditions and morbidity when working with methanol in the "dark shops" of the chemical plant named after V. V. Kuibyshev
Authors: Kamchatnov V. P. , Valiullina F. G. , Samoylova A. I.
Published: March 2022

We are not aware of the literature on the hygienic assessment of working conditions in "dark workshops", on the morbidity of workers, as well as on the earliest changes that occur in the eye during chronic intoxication with methyl alcohol. The main hazards of the workshop are: 1) the effect of mainly methyl alcohol vapors, as well as phenol, silver nitrate, urea, ammonium chloride, chlorides, iodides and other chemicals; 2) the action of darkness, in which all production processes are carried out. The state of the air environment was studied in dynamics, depending on the technological process, as well as during the working hours of the shifts.
On the question of necrophilia
Authors: Tambovtsev N. M.
Published: March 2022

The question of sexual perversions, and in particular of necrophilia, is very little developed. In textbooks and manuals on psychiatry, it is given only 2-3 lines in passing, and in many manuals this issue is passed over in silence.
Avitaminosis due to unilateral malnutrition in chronic colitis
Authors: Petrovykh A. I.
Published: March 2022

We know that food that contains a sufficient amount of proteins, fats, carbohydrates and mineral salts, but does not contain vitamins, cannot meet the needs of the body and, with prolonged use of such food, painful disorders develop. We observe such changes in animals fed with "artificial food", when eating natural but denatured foods, as well as with one-sided feeding with natural foods. ad libitum "with millet or oats, after a long time, degenerative changes were found in the intestines and organs of internal secretion; the chickens that ate this way died (cited by Prof. BA Lavrov).
Recent reports on the physiology and pathology of higher nervous activity. I.P. Pavlov Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Leningrad. 1933.
Authors: Galant Yves.
Published: March 2022

The book contains 3 reports of Pavlov, read by him in August-September 1932 at the congresses 1) XIV International Physiological; 2) XI Scandinavian neurological and 3) X international psychological.