bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative Effects of Preoperative Biliary Metallic and Plastic Stents in Malignant Pancreatic Head Tumors: Surgeon Perspective
Authors: Durmuş Ali , Karatepe Oguzhan , Kesici Ugur
Published: November 2024

Introduction

In practice, the aim of this study was to compare intraoperative effects of preoperative metallic and plastic stents that were inserted via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, pancreatic cancer surgery.

Material and Methods

Between December 2016 and January 2018, 130 patients who were preoperatively inserted a metallic or plastic stent and operated consecutively were prospectively included in this study. All patients underwent the Whipple’s operation. Stents were extracted and sent for microbiological evaluation intraoperatively. Surgical difficulty was evaluated by an independent surgeon according to visual analog scale from 1 to 10. Age, gender, stent cultures, postoperative infection rates, operation time, estimated blood loss, and hospitalization time were compared between the 2 groups.

Results

Metallic stent was used for 29 patients and plastic stent was used for 101 patients. In the metallic stent group, 13 of 29 patients were stent-positive culture, whereas in the plastic stent group, 80 of 101 patients were stent-positive culture. When culture positivity was statistically compared, there was a significant difference. However, there was no statistically significant difference about operational difficulty scores between the 2 groups.

Conclusion

Preoperative fully covered metallic stent is an effective way to decrease high bilirubin levels without an increase in operational difficulty with the advantage of low positive stent culture and surgical site infection rates.
A Review On Plasticizers In Water And Food And Their Impact On Human Health
Authors: Bansal O.P.
Published: November 2024

The production of plastic, which became indispensable for modern society in the last 70 years, has increased
more than 300-fold; the global market will be 627 billion US dollars in 2023. To modify the flexibility and
rigidity of the plastic, chemicals called plasticizers are added. Therefore, it is not surprising that plastic (micro,
nanoparticles) and the plasticizers phthalates, bisphenols, and their substitutes are widely present in all
segments of the environment (water, air, soil, food, animals). Plasticizers are also present in remote areas.
Humans interact with plasticizers via food containers, medicines, toys, electronic devices, building materials,
cosmetics, perfumes, and personal care products, in addition to water and food. Plasticizer exposure has
negative health effects on humans and animals. Plasticizers in humans cause insulin resistance, dyslipidemia,
increased visceral adiposity, obesity-associated CVD, cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, prostate,
testicular and breast cancer, and reproductive toxicity. Allergy, asthma, delayed neurodevelopment, social
impairment, improper thyroid function, and increased risk of thyroid cancer are also caused by phthalates. In
females, phthalate exposure is responsible for miscarriage, disrupted secretion of estrogen and progesterone,
endometriosis, eclampsia, impaired oocyte competence, ovarian dysfunction, and premature breast
development. In fish and other aquatic organisms, plasticizers cause immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity,
genotoxicity, and endocrine, metabolic, and developmental toxicities. This work reports the amount of plasticizers in water, food, and air and their impact on human and aquatic organisms’ health.
A Integração De Business Intelligence(BI) Na Gestão Empresarial: Ferramentas, Vantagens E Desafios
Authors: Pedroso Bryan Ayres , Filho Wlademir Leite Correia , Lima Orlem Pinheiro De , Maduro Márcia Ribeiro , Araújo Paulo César Diniz De
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho analisa a adaptação do Business Intelligence (BI) na gestão empresarial, enfatizando as principais
ferramentas, as vantagens estratégicas e os desafios associados à sua implementação. Com o objetivo de
compreender como o BI pode otimizar a tomada de decisão e aprimorar a eficiência organizacional, foi realizada
uma pesquisa bibliográfica qualitativa, fundamentada em autores de referência na área, como Sharda et al.
(2022), Turban et al. (2009) e Laudon e Laudon (2020). O estudo revela que o BI contribui para a melhoria da
eficiência operacional, integração de informações e antecipação de tendências, aspectos que reforçam a
competitividade organizacional. No entanto, destaca também desafios críticos, como o elevado custo de
implementação e a resistência cultural à adoção de uma gestão orientada por dados. Conclui-se que, para que
o BI seja assentado, as disposições devem perfilar tecnologia e capacitação humana, promovendo uma cultura que valorize a análise de dados. Este trabalho fornece uma base teórica sólida para gestores que buscam adotar o BI como um diferencial estratégico na gestão contemporânea
Ultrasonication‐Induced Self‐Assembled Fixed Nanogap Arrays of Monomeric Plasmonic Nanoparticles inside Nanopores
Authors: Nam Nguyen Nhat , Bui Thanh Lam , Son Sang Jun , Joo Sang‐Woo
Published: February 2019

Monomeric gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticle (NP) arrays are self‐assembled uniformly into anodized aluminium oxide (AAO) nanopores with a high homogeneity of greater than 95%, using ultrasonication. The monomeric metal NP array exhibits asymmetric plasmonic absorption due to Fano‐like resonance as interpreted by finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) simulation for the numbers up to 127 AuNPs. To examine gap distance‐dependent collective‐plasmonic resonance, the different dimensions of S, M, and L arrays of the AuNP diameters/the gap distances of ≈36 nm/≈66 nm, ≈45 nm/≈56 nm, and ≈77 nm/≈12 nm, respectively, are prepared. Metal NP arrays with an invariable nanogap of ≈50 nm can provide consistent surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) intensities for Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 3.8–5.4%. Monomeric arrays can provide an effective platform for 2D hot‐electron excitation, as evidenced by the SERS peak‐changes of 4‐nitrobenzenethiol (4‐NBT) adsorbed on AgNP arrays with a power density of ≈0.25 mW µm‐2 at 514 and 633 nm. For practical purposes, the bacteria captured by 4‐mercaptophenylboronic acid are found to be easily destroyed under visible laser excitation at 514 nm with a power density of ≈14 mW µm‐2 for 60 min using Ag due to efficient plasmonic‐electron transfer.
Putting Final Offer/Baseball Arbitration to Use
Authors: Sussman Edna , Gleason Erin
Published: February 2019

In Part 1 of this article, we discussed the historical development of final offer arbitration—also called baseball arbitration and referred to as FOA—and the psychological underpinnings that explain its success.
Improved shale hydration inhibition with combination of gelatin and KCl or EPTAC, an environmentally friendly inhibitor for water‐based drilling fluids
Authors: Jiang Guancheng , Li Xinliang , Zhu Honghao , Yang Lili , Li Yiying , Wang Tengda , Wu Xiongjun
Published: February 2019

An effective and environmentally friendly shale hydration inhibitor is essential to develop high‐performance water‐based drilling fluid with good environmental properties. For this purpose, and to minimize shale hydration under satisfactory environmental profit, composites of gelatin and inorganic salt (KCl) or organic salt (2, 3‐epoxypropyl‐trimethylammonium chloride, EPTAC) were prepared as environmentally friendly shale inhibitors to perfect the inhibitive effect. The inhibitive properties of the composites were evaluated by comparison with pure gelatin and common inhibitors. Results suggested that when 2.0 wt % gelatin and 1.0 wt % salt were combined, the composites reduced the swelling height of montmorillonite (Mt) to <1.70 mm, improved shale recovery to 80% at 150 °C and inhibited 16.0 wt % Mt mud‐making, thereby displaying excellent inhibition performance. Moreover, the gelatin composite with EPTAC seemed to perform better synergistic inhibition than that with KCl. The underlying inhibitive mechanisms were also investigated by measuring interlayer space through X‐ray diffraction, observing aggregation through electron microscopy, comparing hydrophobic modification degree by water contact angle measurement, and determining the zeta potential and water activity. The gelatin composites presented lower water activity and effectively prevented water from invading Mt. In these composites, gelatin mainly adsorbed on the surface of Mt particles, encapsulated Mt particles, and improved their hydrophobic property to a certain degree, whereas the salts entered the interlayer, expelled water, and decreased the interlayer space. Consequently, the combinations of gelatin and KCl or EPTAC had an excellent effect on inhibiting shale hydration. This study can also provide new insights into the design of totally environmentally friendly additives for water‐based drilling fluid. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47585.
Trends in survival of patients with stage I/II Burkitt lymphoma in the United States: A SEER database analysis
Authors: Liu Ze‐Long , Liu Pan‐Pan , Bi Xi‐Wen , Lei De‐Xin , Wang Yu , Li Zhi‐Ming , Jiang Wen‐Qi , Xia Yi
Published: February 2019

The treatment strategy for management of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) has evolved during the past decades and the clinical outcome for this disease as a whole has also improved. Due to limited information reported on survival trends of patients with stage I/II (limited‐stage) BL, here we used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to conduct our study. The time period was divided into two eras (1983‐2001 and 2002‐2014) as the recent era reflected more intensive chemotherapy regimens, the availability of rituximab, the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and improvements in supportive care. Patients with limited‐stage BL had a significantly better 5‐year overall survival (OS) in the 2002‐2014 era in both univariate analysis and multivariate analysis, compared with those in the 1983‐2001 era (64.1% vs 57.4%). However, clinical outcomes of elderly patients (≥60 years) and children patients (0‐19 years) did not significantly improve. Older age and race of black were correlated with poorer OS in multivariate analysis, whereas sex, primary sites, and application of radiotherapy did not significantly influence OS. In conclusion, the prognosis of patients with limited‐stage BL has improved in the 2002‐2014 era, but the outcome was still much poorer in elderly patients, which needs to be improved by identifying newly molecular‐targeted drugs and developing novel personalized therapeutic approaches.
Previtellogenic oocytes of South African largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides Lacépède 1802 (Actinopterygii, Perciformes) ‐ the Balbiani body, cortical alveoli and developing eggshell
Authors: Żelazowska Monika , Halajian Ali
Published: February 2019

The ovaries of the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, an alien and invasive species in South Africa, contain a germinal epithelium which consists of germline and somatic cells, as well as previtellogenic and late vitellogenic ovarian follicles. The ovarian follicle consists of an oocyte surrounded by follicular cells and a basal lamina; thecal cells adjacent to this lamina are covered by an extracellular matrix. In this article, we describe the Balbiani body and the polarization and ultrastructure of the cytoplasm (ooplasm) in previtellogenic oocytes. The nucleoplasm in all examined oocytes contains lampbrush chromosomes, nuclear bodies and several nucleoli near the nuclear envelope. The ultrastructure of the nucleoli is described. Numerous nuage aggregations are present in the perinuclear cytoplasm in germline cells as well as in the ooplasm. Possible roles of these aggregations are discussed. The ooplasm contains the Balbiani body, which defines the future vegetal region in early previtellogenic oocytes. It is comprised of nuage aggregations, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, complexes of mitochondria with nuage‐like material, and lysosome‐like organelles. In mid‐previtellogenic oocytes, the Balbiani body surrounds the nucleus and later disperses in the ooplasm. The lysosome‐like organelles fuse and transform into vesicles containing material which is highly electron dense. As a result of the fusion of the vesicles of Golgi and rough endoplasmic reticulum, the cortical alveoli arise and distribute uniformly throughout the ooplasm of late previtellogenic oocytes. During this stage, the deposition of the eggshell (zona radiata) begins. The eggshell is penetrated by canals containing microvilli and consists of the following: the internal and the external egg envelope. In the external envelope three sublayers can be distinguished.
What's cached is prologue: Reviewing recent web archives research towards supporting scholarly use
Authors: Maemura Emily
Published: February 2019

Web archives are essential to support historical scholarship in the online age. Research on web archives spans many disciplines, often requiring domain‐specific expertise. The wide‐ranging nature of the literature makes it difficult to obtain a current overview of the field, but this view is needed to identify which core challenges define the field, and assess the different approaches taken to address them. This paper provides such a review of the current landscape of web archives research, focusing on addressing the common challenges faced to support scholarly use of archived web materials. The analysis describes three challenges and identifies key concepts and current approaches for each: (1) how to organize and select from web archives collections; (2) how to critically examine these sources; and (3) how to approach ethics and consent for using archived web materials. The discussion addresses open questions and tensions, highlighting the sociotechnical nature of these challenges and revealing opportunities to apply existing work from the body of knowledge of information studies. It concludes with several recommendations for future research directions to support scholarly use of web archives.
A comparative examination of factors that affect the credibility of health information on social media
Authors: Kim Heejun , Choi Bogeum
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this research is to investigate factors affecting the perceived credibility of health information on social media and their varying effects on different platforms. We incorporated Elaboration Likelihood Model as a theoretical framework for our inductive content analysis. Then we conducted a correlation analysis and regression analyses to examine the relationship between the perceived credibility and identified factors. Our study discovered an extensive set of credibility factors and statistically significant effects made by platform‐specific factors.
Has local informational advantage disappeared?
Authors: Bernile Gennaro , Kumar Alok , Sulaeman Johan , Wang Qin
Published: February 2019

This study examines how changes in the information environment affect the informational advantage of geographically proximate agents. The long‐term advantage of local agents disappeared at the turn of the millennium. This is accompanied by the reduction in local bias of institutional investors and equity analysts. However, institutional investors continue to trade local stocks disproportionately more often than non‐local stocks; moreover, their local trades outperform non‐local trades in the short term—even for large and liquid stocks. Our results are consistent with improvements in the information environment shortening the horizon of proximity‐based informational advantage.
On powers of likelihood functions of random walks on ℤͩ
Authors: Athreya Krishna B.
Published: February 2019

Let {Xi}i≥1 be independent, identically distributed random vectors in ℤd,d≥1. Let LLn(x)≡ℙ(Sn=x),n≥1,x∈ℤd, be the likelihood function for Sn=∑i=1nXi. For integers j≥2 and n≥1, let an(j)≡∑x∈ℤd(Ln(x))j. We show that if X1-X2 has a nondegenerate aperiodic distribution in ℤd and 𝔼(∥X1∥2)>∞, then limn→∞n(j-1)d∕2an(j)≡a(j,d) exists and 0<a(j,d)<∞. Some extensions and open problems are also outlined.
Forced synchronization and asynchronous quenching of periodic oscillations in a thermoacoustic system
Authors: Mondal Sirshendu , Pawar Samadhan A. , Sujith R. I.
Published: February 2019

We perform an experimental and theoretical study to investigate the interaction between an external harmonic excitation and a self-excited oscillatory mode ($f_{n0}$) of a prototypical thermoacoustic system, a horizontal Rijke tube. Such an interaction can lead to forced synchronization through the routes of phase locking or suppression. We characterize the transition in the synchronization behaviour of the forcing and the response signals of the acoustic pressure while the forcing parameters, i.e. amplitude ($A_{f}$) and frequency ($f_{f}$) of forcing are independently varied. Further, suppression is categorized into synchronous quenching and asynchronous quenching depending upon the value of frequency detuning ($|\,f_{n0}-f_{f}|$). When the applied forcing frequency is close to the natural frequency of the system, the suppression in the amplitude of the self-excited oscillation is known as synchronous quenching. However, this suppression is associated with resonant amplification of the forcing signal, leading to an overall increase in the response amplitude of oscillations. On the other hand, an almost 80 % reduction in the root mean square value of the response oscillation is observed when the system is forced for a sufficiently large value of the frequency detuning (only for$f_{f}<f_{n0}$). Such a reduction in amplitude occurs due to asynchronous quenching where resonant amplification of the forcing signal does not occur, as the frequency detuning is significantly high. Further, the results from a reduced-order model developed for a horizontal Rijke tube show a qualitative agreement with the dynamics observed in experiments. The relative phase between the acoustic pressure ($p^{\prime }$) and the heat release rate ($\dot{q}^{\prime }$) oscillations in the model explains the occurrence of maximum reduction in the pressure amplitude due to asynchronous quenching. Such a reduction occurs when the positive coupling between$p^{\prime }$and$\dot{q}^{\prime }$is disrupted and their interaction results in overall acoustic damping, although both of them oscillate at the forcing frequency. Our study on the phenomenon of asynchronous quenching thus presents new possibilities to suppress self-sustained oscillations in fluid systems in general.
Camera-trapping successfully and non-invasively reveals the presence, activity and habitat choice of the Critically Endangered White-winged Flufftail Sarothrura ayresi in a South African high-altitude wetland
Authors: COLYN ROBIN B. , CAMPBELL ALASTAIR , SMIT-ROBINSON HANNELINE A.
Published: February 2019

The ‘Critically Endangered’ White-winged FlufftailSarothrura ayresiis regarded as one of the rarest and most threatened rallids in Africa. Due to the species’ low density, habitat preference, cryptic colouration, elusive behaviour and lack of auditory cues has resulted in it being one of the most challenging species to survey using traditional methods such as auditory surveys and rope dragging. Numerous data deficiencies exist regarding facets of the species’ ecology, distribution, habitat-use and population status. A stratified array of nine camera localities was used within high-altitude palustrine wetland habitat to ascertain if this non-invasive technique could successfully document the first estimate of site occupancy, fine scale habitat use and activity patterns of this very rare species. Our study accumulated a total of 626 camera days and eight independent sightings of White-winged Flufftail across the respective austral summer season. Furthermore, our study confirms the applicability of camera trapping to other rare and elusive rallid species. Our results confirm that White-winged Flufftail is a low-density habitat specialist species, with site occupancy influenced positively by basal and canopy vegetation cover and detection probability influenced negatively by water depth within associated wetland habitats. Activity pattern analyses displayed that peak activity occurred at dawn and dusk, which yielded the highest degree of activity overlap with the only other migratory rallid recorded, Spotted CrakePorzana prozana. Our study also recorded the first apparent territorial display behaviour noted for the species. Our study supports the need for conservation initiatives focused on securing contiguous sections of suitable wetland habitat in order to accommodate the persistence of this globally threatened species.
Predicting Homogeneous Bubble Nucleation in Rhyolite
Authors: Hajimirza Sahand , Gonnermann Helge M. , Gardner James E. , Giachetti Thomas
Published: February 2019

Bubble nucleation is the critical first step during magma degassing. The resultant number density of bubbles provides a record of nucleation kinetics and underlying eruptive conditions. The rate of bubble nucleation is strongly dependent on the surface free energy associated with nucleus formation, making the use of bubble number density for the interpretation of eruptive conditions contingent upon a sound understanding of surface tension. Based on a suite of nucleation experiments with up to >1016 bubbles per unit volume of melt, and using numerical simulations of bubble nucleation and growth during each experiment, we provide a new formulation for surface tension during homogeneous nucleation of H2O bubbles in rhyolitic melt. It is based on the Tolman correction with a Tolman length of δ = 0.32 nm, which implies an increase in surface tension of bubbles with decreasing nucleus size. Our model results indicate that experiments encompass two distinct nucleation regimes, distinguishable by the ratio of the characteristic diffusion time of water, τdiff, to the decompression time, td. Experiments with >1013 m−3 bubbles are characterized by τdiff/td≪ 1, wherein the nucleation rate predominantly depends on the interplay between decompression and diffusion rates. Nucleation occurs over a short time interval with nucleation rate peaks at high values. For experiments with comparatively low bubble number density the average distance between adjacent bubbles and the diffusion timescale is large. Consequently, τdiff/td≫ 1 and nucleation is nearly unaffected by diffusion and independent of decompression rate, with bubbles nucleating at an approximately constant rate until the sample is quenched.
An Advanced Model of Lightning M‐Component
Authors: Tran M. D. , Rakov V. A.
Published: February 2019

An advanced nonlinear and nonuniform distributed circuit (RLCG) model of lightning M‐component has been developed. The model accounts for the variation of the series resistance R of M‐component channel due to its heating by the transient current and its subsequent cooling, longitudinal voltage drop along the channel due to the background continuing current, ohmic losses in the channel corona sheath (represented by shunt conductance G), and variation of series inductance L and shunt capacitance C of the channel with height above ground. The model was tested against the channel‐base current and corresponding close electric fields measured for seven M‐components in negative lightning triggered using the rocket‐and‐wire technique. Detailed sensitivity analysis was performed for one M‐component. The influences of height‐varying series inductance and shunt capacitance and the length of in‐cloud channel (representing the excitation source) on the computed current and field waveforms were found to be relatively insignificant, while the influences of ohmic losses in the channel corona sheath and voltage drop along the grounded channel were significant. The effects of background continuing current level and grounding resistance were significant for M‐field, but not for M‐current. Model‐predicted overall power and current profiles below the cloud base are consistent with the observed M‐component luminosity profiles and are drastically different from the observed downward leader/upward return stroke profiles. The characteristic feature of M‐components, the time shift between the current onset and close electric field peak (essentially absent for leader/return stroke sequences), was well reproduced by our model.
Patterns in Soil Chemical Weathering Related to Topographic Gradients and Vegetation Structure in a High Andean Tropical Ecosystem
Authors: Molina Armando , Vanacker Veerle , Corre Marife D. , Veldkamp Edzo
Published: February 2019

Although climate exerts a major control on mineral weathering and soil formation processes, the combined effect of vegetation and topography can influence the rate and extent of chemical weathering at the hillslope scale. In this paper, we examined spatial patterns in volumetric strain and soil weathering extent associated with topographic gradients and vegetation patterns. In a high Andean catchment, we selected 10 soil toposequences on andesitic flows: 5 under tussock grasses, 3 under cushion forming plants, and 2 under native forest. Along each toposequence, one pit was excavated at the shoulder, backslope, and toeslope resulting in 30 soil profiles. Depth‐weighted total soil porosity of the 30 soil profiles averaged 64 ± 6%. The association between volumetric strain and soil organic C indicates that biotic agents can be effective in dilating the regolith during weathering. The young, postglacial volcanic soils were depleted in mono‐divalent and divalent cations, with total mass losses ranging between 793 and 1610 kg/m2. The accumulation of Al‐humus complexes in the soil matrix plays an essential role in chemical transformation of the nonallophanic soils. Beyond the marginally significant topographic control on chemical weathering extent, our data show highly significant differences in chemical weathering extent between vegetation communities with total mass losses in forest soils being, respectively, 19% and 22% higher than in grasslands and cushion‐forming plants. The vegetation mosaic in alpine ecosystems might therefore provide essential clues to understand soil chemical weathering patterns caused by spatially varying soil particle and water residence times.
Increasing topological diversity during computational “synthesis” of porous crystals: how and why
Authors: Anderson Ryther , Gómez-Gualdrón Diego A.
Published: February 2019

Effectively tuning the properties of porous crystals could lead to breakthroughs in areas such as molecular separation, chemical sensing, and catalysis.
Spontaneous single-crystal to single-crystal transition with self-healing cracks involving solvent exchange
Authors: Shen Jie , Bai Hongzhen , Zhou Xinbo , Liu Jiyong , Hu Xiurong , Chu Paul K. , Tang Guping
Published: February 2019

A single crystal of darunavir dihydrate was obtained by SCSCT, accompanied by crystal breaking to self-healing.
Fundamental limitations of the time-dependent Stokes shift for investigating protein hydration dynamics
Authors: Heid Esther , Braun Daniel
Published: February 2019

In the TDSS measured in protein systems, large protein contributions fully obscure hydration dynamics.
The role of the dihedral angle and excited cation states in ionization and dissociation of mono-halogenated biphenyls; a combined experimental and theoretical coupled cluster study
Authors: Barclay Michael , Bjornsson Ragnar , Cipriani Maicol , Terfort Andreas , Fairbrother D. Howard , Ingólfsson Oddur
Published: February 2019

State-selective fragmentation of halogenated biphenyls through electron impact ionization revealed through a joint experimental and theoretical investigation.
Ligand-free palladium catalyzed Ullmann biaryl synthesis: ‘household’ reagents and mild reaction conditions
Authors: Gong Xinchi , Wu Jie , Meng Yunge , Zhang Yulan , Ye Long-Wu , Zhu Chunyin
Published: February 2019

A palladium catalysed Ullmann biaryl synthesis has been developed using hydrazine hydrate as the reducing reagent at room temperature.
Tripeptide based super-organogelators: structure and function
Authors: Podder Debasish , Chowdhury Srayoshi Roy , Nandi Sujay Kumar , Haldar Debasish
Published: February 2019

The peptide based super-gelators are highly soluble in non-toxic organic solvent ethanol, the solution is easy to handle and just by spraying the ethanol solution over an oil–water mixture it is able to form an organogel at room temperature.
A concise synthesis and biological study of evodiamine and its analogues
Authors: Deng Jie-Dan , Lei Shuai , Jiang Yi , Zhang Hong-Hua , Hu Xiao-Ling , Wen Huai-Xiu , Tan Wen , Wang Zhen
Published: February 2019

Efficient access to evodiamine and its analogues is presented via Lewis acid catalysis. In this reaction, three chemical bonds and two heterocyclic-fused rings are constructed in one step.
Multi‐time hierarchical stochastic predictive control for energy management of an island microgrid with plug‐in electric vehicles
Authors: Zou Yuanyuan , Dong Yi , Li Shaoyuan , Niu Yugang
Published: February 2019

This paper presents a multi‐time hierarchical stochastic predictive control (MHSPC) scheme for an island microgrid, in which electric vehicles (EVs) can be used as mobile energy storages to improve power balance and realise load‐frequency control (LFC) with micro‐turbines (MTs). At the upper layer, a stochastic model predictive control is proposed to handle the EVs uncertainties on a long time scale, while optimising controllable power adjustment of MTs, the charge/discharge energy of the battery electric storage (BES) unit and guaranteeing EVs to be fully charged at the expected plug‐out time. At the lower layer, the coordination between EVs and MTs for LFC is achieved by a standard MPC framework on a short time scale. In this way, the power balance is met, and the frequency fluctuation is inhibited. Finally, simulation results are presented to illustrate the satisfactory operation of the island microgrid.
Estimation of the coal fired heat plant energy efficiency increase after heat recovery from flue gas cooling down below the dew point
Authors: Ostrowski Piotr , Szelejewski Filip
Published: February 2019

The paper shows a method of the assessment of the energy efficiency of a modernised steam boiler house in which the thermal energy is recovered due to cooling of the flue gas below dew point. In addition to the energy recovery the modernisation also consists of a wet flue gas treatment that ensures a reduction in emissions of particulates and acidic gas. The publication presents the correct and simple indicator for the assessment of improvement of energy efficiency. Additionally some recommendations based on the example of settlement of savings made in hard coal heating plant, equipped with three steam boilers, fire-tube type, with a capacity of 3x3.0 t/h, operating with quasi-constant output during the year are shown.
Hadronic transitions in bottomonia at Belle
Authors: Eidelman Simon
Published: February 2019

Recent Belle results on various hadronic transitions among bottomonia are presented. We observe transitions with the η and η′ meson at the ϒ(4S). Bottomonium production together with the η meson is also reported at the ϒ(10860). We study π+π−π0 transitions at the ϒ(10860) and ϒ(11020).
Partial wave analysis of HADES data for two-pion production in pion-nucleon reactions
Authors: Ciepał I. , Przygoda W. , Sarantsev A. V.
Published: February 2019

Pion beams are perfect tools to probe resonance excitations at a fixed energy, thus properties of baryonic resonances and their coupling channels can be studied. The HADES Collaboration performed a systematic scan around the second resonance region at four different pion beam momenta 0.656, 0.69, 0.748 and 0.8 GeV/c in π− p reaction. The role of the N(1520) resonance in conjunction with the intermediate ρ-meson production has been studied in the framework of a partial wave analysis. Preliminary results on exclusive channels with one pion (π− p) and two pions (nπ+π− and pπ−π0) in the final state are presented.
Search for η-mesic 3He in non-mesonic final state
Authors: Rundel Oleksandr , Skurzok Magdalena , Khreptak Aleksander
Published: February 2019

The experiment on searching for η-mesic 3He nucleus was performed in May 2014 at COSY accelerator in Juelich by WASA-at-COSY Collaboration. The measurements were carried out using ramped beam technique which allows for the slow and continuous beam momentum change near the threshold of η meson creation. The luminosity was obtained based on pd → 3Heη reaction and quasielastic proton-proton scattering. The bound state of η-meson and 3He nucleus is searched for in pd → 3He2γ and pd → 3He6γ channels. The analysis is still in progress and the estimated upper limit value is on the level of few nanobarns.
The role of isospin filtering reactions in the S = −1 sector
Authors: Feijoo A. , Magas V.K. , Ramos A.
Published: February 2019

The present study reveals interesting constraining effects of isospin filtering reactions on the low energy constants present in meson-baryon chiral effective Lagrangian, particularly, on the next-to-leading order constants. Our model has been developed within the framework of Unitarized Chiral Perturbation Theory and has been fitted to two-body scattering data in the sector of S = −1. In addition, the model was further elaborated by means of the inclusion of high-spin hyperonic resonances.
Measurement of azimuthal correlations of D mesons with charged particles in pp collisions at √s=13$\sqrt s = 13$ TeV with ALICE at the LHC
Authors: Naik Bharati
Published: February 2019

The ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) detector at the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) is dedicated to the study of the properties of the hot and dense QCD matter (Quark–Gluon Plasma) produced in the nucleus-nucleus collisions at high energy. Heavy quarks (charm and beauty), having large masses, are produced in the hard-parton scattering in the early stages of the collision. Therefore, they experience the whole evolution of the hot and dense medium, representing an important tool for its characterization. The study of angular correlations between D mesons and charged particles in Pb–Pb collisions gives insight about the energy loss of charm quarks and the medium-induced modification of its fragmentation into jets. Moreover, pp collisions help to understand the production mechanisms, fragmentation and hadronization of charm quarks and acts as a reference for p–Pb and Pb–Pb measurements. In this article, the measurement of azimuthal correlations between D0 meson and charged particles in pp collisions at $\sqrt s = 13$ TeV is presented. The collisional energy dependence of the correlations is extracted from the comparison with the results at $\sqrt s = 7$ TeV. The data are also compared with simulations performed with different event generators.
The α+d→Unknown node mmultiscripts found in MathML fragment.i+γ$\alpha + d \to {}^{6}{\rm{Li}} + \gamma $ reaction and the second Lithium puzzle
Authors: Grassi Alessandro , Elisa Marcucci Laura
Published: February 2019

A brief review on the second Lithium problem is presented. In particular the focus is on the $\alpha + d \to {}^{6}{\rm{Li}} + \gamma $ reaction and on the details of the different $\alpha - d$ potential models and the theoretical approximations done during the evaluation of the astrophysical S-factor.
Space videos on YouTube - what makes the audience tick
Authors: Roos Maarten , Van Den Bulck Jan
Published: February 2019

Nowadays it is easier than ever before to produce films and videos and make them available to a worldwide audience via platforms such as YouTube, Twitter and Facebook, among others. The European Space Agency (ESA), the European Southern Observatory (ESO), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and other similar organisations constantly produce videos aimed at the general interested audience, and distribute them on through their social media channels. Different formats are offered such as educational, informative, news style, science stories, scientist profiles, behind-the-scenes, animations and data based animations. But which of these formats do really stick and why? A simple statistical analysis of 106 videos found on the ESA, ESO and NASA YouTube channels shows that videos based on animations and the representation of data, with little to no explanation and accompanied by music are the more popular in terms of views per month by about a factor of two compared to other types of videos. This can likely be explained by the higher entertainment value of such videos.
What does the general public expect from a night-sky observation?
Authors: Figueiró Spinelli Patrícia , Bassallo da Silva Taysa , Mano Sonia , Ribeiro Alice
Published: February 2019

The Night-Sky Observation Program (POC, acronym in Portuguese for Programa de Observação do Céu) is the most traditional education activity run by the Museum of Astronomy and Related Sciences (MAST). It takes place twice a week and has an annual participation of 2,400 people. It starts with a brief talk and is followed by the observation with MAST's telescopes (one of them being over a century old and other modern amateur models). The present work is the first research conducted aimed at POC's evaluation according to the participants’ perspectives in its 33 years of existence. The data were collected using two instruments: a questionnaire, distributed to the participants prior to the activity, and an interview, conducted after the observations. We analysed the data using the Discourse of Collective Subject methodology, which allowed us to understand thoughts and values of the participants on a given topic. We find that the participants have the habit of gazing at the sky, even if for contemplation purposes only, and that the talk makes the public feel more prepared to observe the sky. It was frequently mentioned, though, that the language of the talk should be more oriented to children. We also find that the public expects to observe planets, stars, and constellations, and very few of them are disappointed with the whole experience. The participants also perceive the historical value of the old refractor and declare that the activity brought them feelings of wonderment. We concluded that our instruments and methodology are suitable to evaluate similar sky-observation activities. As a next step, we will conduct a survey to identify worldwide institutions that also use historically valuable telescopes in their public observations with the goal of exchanging experiences and discussing the use of such instruments with education purposes.
Spectral Determination of Nonlinear System Parameters
Authors: Brouri Adil , Benyassi Mohamed
Published: February 2019

In this paper we propose an identification method of nonlinear system. This later can be structured by Wiener models. The determination of nonlinear system parameters can be done using spectral analysis. The system nonlinearity is allowed to be noninvertible general shape nonlinearity but it must be approximated by a polynomial function. The polynomial degree n can vary from one interval to another. The linear dynamic element is not-necessarily parametric but BIBO stable. In this work, a spectral method is developed allowing the estimates of the complex frequency gain as well as the estimates of nonlinear block parameters the identification method is built using one stage.
Initial database creation for scientific and technical solutions efficiency assessment based on artificial intelligence approach
Authors: Khalyasmaa Alexandra , Zinovieva Elena , Eroshenko Stanislav , Shatunova Daria
Published: February 2019

This paper is devoted to the problems and features of database creation in intelligent systems for assessing the efficiency of scientific and technical solutions. The system data model developed by the authors and the principles of its operation are described. This paper also considers the process of training sampling and the analysis of various teaching methods for solving the presented problem. The implementation of the developed model is made using mathematical modeling. The initial data was the data of applications for grants in the field of technical sciences related to the fuel and energy complex.
Feedback Numbers of Möbius Ladders
Authors: Wang Yijin , Zhang Xinyue , Zhang Sijia
Published: February 2019

A subset F ⊂ V(G) is called a feedback vertex set if the subgraph G−F is acyclic. The minimum cardinality of a feedback vertex set is called the feedback number of G, which is proposed by Beineke and Vandell [1]. In this paper, we consider a particular topology graph called Möbius ladders M2n. We use f(M2n) to denote the feedback number of M2n. This paper proves that f (M2n) = [n+1/2], n≥3.
Design and Implementation of 3D Effect Web Page Based on JavaScript Technology
Authors: Sun Huiyou , Li Shuangyuan , Jia Mingqian
Published: February 2019

With the development of Internet technology, people's production and life are greatly influenced. Web design is widely used in Internet world. Web design and user experience are inseparable. In the pursuit of webpage layout and aesthetics, but also to add user interaction functions, Dynamic effects technology based on JavaScript can achieve user interaction requirements. The perfect combination of JavaScript dynamic effects and interactive features is the best way to achieve webpage effects. This paper expounds the application method of JavaScript, and studies the special effect application of JavaScript technology in webpages through examples.
Preorthodontic enhancement of fragile phenotype periodontium
Authors: Goubron C. , Le Gall M. , Philip-Alliez C. , Monnet-Corti V.
Published: February 2019

Periodontology and orthodontics are two closely related odonatological disciplines, both of which affect the periodontium of our patients. If in most cases orthodontics have no adverse effect on the periodontium, in case of fragile (weak?) phenotype periodontium (low height or lake of keratinized tissue, thin bone tables, fenestrations or bone dehiscence) orthodontic treatment can, depending on the movements performed, cause or aggravate periodontal recessions that are unsightly and painful for the patient and compromise the results. Through a clinical case we will see how to prevent and treat these cases to make orthodontic treatment possible and maintain its results over time.
Der Zauberer sind Sie! – Teamgestaltung
Authors: Freitag-Herse Barbara
Published: February 2019

Schon Aristoteles wusste: Das Ganze ist mehr als die Summe seiner Teile. Das gilt auch für Ihr Praxisteam. Etwas Unterstützung von Ihnen braucht es allerdings, um aus den Individuen, die in Ihrer Praxis arbeiten, ein WIR zu formen. Also schnappen Sie sich Ihren persönlichen „Zauberstab“ und legen Sie los!
Driving after Upper or Lower Extremity Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: MacKenzie James S. , Bitzer Alexander M. , Familiari Filippo , Papalia Rocco , McFarland Edward G.
Published: February 2019

Orthopaedic procedures can affect patients' ability to perform activities of daily living, such as driving automobiles or other vehicles that require coordinated use of the upper and lower extremities. Many variables affect the time needed before a patient can drive competently after undergoing orthopaedic surgery to the extremities. These variables include whether the patient underwent upper or lower extremity surgery, the country in which the patient resides, whether the right or left lower extremity is involved, whether the dominant arm is involved, whether the extremity is in a cast or brace, whether the patient has adequate strength to control the steering wheel, and whether the patient is taking pain medication. The type and complexity of the procedure also influence the speed of return of driving ability. Few studies provide definitive data on driving ability after upper or lower extremity surgery. Patients should be counseled not to drive until they can control the steering wheel and the pedals competently and can drive well enough to prevent further harm to themselves or to others. This review discusses the limited recommendations in the literature regarding driving motorized vehicles after upper or lower extremity orthopaedic surgery.
3 Separation and Purification in the Continuous Synthesis of Fine Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals
Authors: O’Mahony M. , Ferguson S. , Stelzer T. , Myerson A.
Published: February 2019

Of use to both chemists and chemical engineers working in flow synthesis, this chapter provides a summary of separation and purification operations that can be applied to flow synthesis reaction streams. Both single and biphasic separations for the liquid phase are detailed. Separation and purification by continuous crystallization of a solid phase is covered. Continuous solid–liquid separation and drying technologies for the isolation of a fine-chemical or pharmaceutical product are also reviewed.
7 Very Fast Reactions and Extreme Conditions
Authors: Kim H. , Yoshida J.
Published: February 2019

Microreaction technology represents a powerful and unique tool for the control of extremely fast reactions and reactions under extreme conditions. In this chapter, fast flow reactions such as Swern–Moffatt oxidations, diisobutylaluminum hydride reductions, reactions involving organolithiums and organomagnesiums, and Friedel–Crafts alkylations are presented. Moreover, this chapter also covers examples of reactions performed under extreme reaction conditions of high temperature and high pressure, which cannot be easily conducted in flasks.
14 Continuous-Flow Syntheses of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
Authors: Beingessner R. L. , Longstreet A. R. , McTeague T. A. , Kelly L. P. , Seo H. , Tran T. H. , Wicker A. C. , Jamison T. F.
Published: February 2019

This chapter describes synthetic strategies and technologies used to perform multistep flow syntheses of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The APIs or potential drug candidates highlighted are efavirenz, imatinib, (–)-oseltamivir, ibuprofen, rolipram, methylphenidate hydrochloride, and rufinamide.
13 The Controlled Synthesis of Carbohydrates
Authors: Moon S. , Gilmore K. , Seeberger P. H.
Published: February 2019

While the formation of the glycosidic bond is the key transformation in the synthesis of polysaccharides, a dominant class of biopolymer, the reaction is poorly understood and remains highly challenging to perform reliably and selectively in a laboratory setting. This is due to the numerous intermediates and competing mechanistic pathways present, all of which are extremely sensitive to the environmental conditions of the reaction. This sensitivity and irreproducibility is an excellent opportunity to take advantage of the inherent control over reaction conditions achievable in micro- and meso-flow reactors. In this chapter, the range of transformations performed under continuous-flow conditions related to the synthesis of carbohydrates, including glycosidic bond formation, functional-group manipulations, and multistep synthesis, are presented and discussed. The advantages gained in flow are highlighted and, where available, directly compared to the respective batch process.