bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties of AISI4130/Austenitic Steels Dissimilar Welded Joints
Authors: Allou Djilali , Miroud Djamel , Cheniti Billel , Belkessa Brahim , Ouadah Mhamed
Published: September 2018

The microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 4130 and austenitic stainless-steel overlay dissimilar weld joint using Shield Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process were investigated. Two different filler alloys have been employed (ENiCrFe-3 and E309 MoL-17). A type II boundary was formed close to the fusion boundary at the AISI 4130 side, due to the diffusion of carbon from the carbon steel (CS) base metal towards the weld metal. On the other side, the joints strength and hardness profiles were almost independent of filler alloy, where the highest hardness value was recorded in the area between the line fusion and the type II boundary. The polarization tests performed in different regions of the welded joints in H2SO4 solution (PH 4.7) revealed a high corrosion resistance of both filler alloys.
Effect of Ethane-1,2-Diamine on Growth of ZnO Nanorods and Cyclohexane Sensing by Current-Voltage Characteristics Investigations
Authors: Shahzad Shazrah , Ali Dawar , Asif Jawad , Khan Muhammad Zafar , Akram Muhammad Aftab , Javed Sofia , Manzoor Umair , Mujahid Mohammad
Published: September 2018

The growth of vertically aligned ZnO Nanorods arrays using Zinc Nitrate hexahydrate and Hexamethylene Tetramine (HMTA), by Chemical Bath Deposition on Silicon Wafer was investigated. The growth is conducted under influence of Ethane-1,2-diamine, the amine based enhancer was evaluated based on three different ratios (1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5) of enhancer to the precursor (Zinc Nitrate and HMTA). The effect different ratios of enhancers on morphology aspect ratio and crystallinity of the as grown Nanorods were studied under Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Electrical Properties such as current–voltage characteristics were investigated, its correlation to the morphology and aspect ratio of the Nanorods in the presence of 100μL-500μL of Aromatic Compound Cyclohexane and at different applied voltages.
Removal of Heavy Metals (Lead, Cadmium and Iron) from Low-Grade Nanoscale Zinc Oxide Using Ammonium Carbonate Solution as a Leaching Agent
Authors: Khan Muhammad Yasir , Chandio Ali Dad , Sohail Muhammad , Abbas Syed Zeeshan , Ahmed Rao Shakeel , Bhutto Shahid , Mehmood Syed Junaid
Published: September 2018

This study investigated the purification and refining method for producing a nanometer size zinc oxide (ZnO) from the low-grade ZnO commercial powder using low cost ammonium carbonate solution as a leaching agent. The atomic absorption spectroscopy results show that the concentration of iron, lead and cadmium can be dramatically reduced by ammonium carbonate leaching and washing. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) results show that structural properties can improve the degree of the preferential c-axis orientation, grain size, and surface morphology of ZnO by solvent evaporation. All physical and chemical results are of particular significance for the preparation of purified ZnO for device fabrication in photovoltaic industry, functional ZnO coatings, and polymer nanocomposite applications.
Synthesis and Characterization of MoS2/TiO2 Nanocomposites for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue under Sunlight Irradiation
Authors: Khan Ramsha , Riaz Adeel , Javed Sofia , Jan Rahim , Akram Muhammad Aftab , Mujahid Mohammad
Published: September 2018

2D nanosheets/ nanoparticles based MoS2/TiO2 nanocomposites were prepared in different weight compositions which were further employed to investigate photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. Anatase TiO2 powder was prepared via sol-gel reflux method using titanium tetraisopropoxide as Ti precursor. MoS2/TiO2 nanocomposites were prepared by in situ addition of exfoliated MoS2 (2D-nanosheets) in different weight ratios of 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 5% in TiO2 sol. Surface morphology, phase analysis, optical properties were studied using SEM, XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy respectively. SEM results showed that TiO2 nanoparticles were completely adsorbed over the surface of MoS2 sheets as reflux synthesis was employed. Efficient charge carrier separation was achieved which reduced recombination, and hence, enhanced photo-degradation of methylene blue was observed. The hetero-structures showed less operation time in sunlight for photodegradation of methylene blue and a highest rate constant was observed by 2 wt.% loading of MoS2 on TiO2. These composites can also be used commercially as they show promising results.
Structural and Electrical Properties of Barium Strontium Cobaltite Nanoparticles Synthesized by Wet Chemical Methods
Authors: Akhtar Tanveer , Farooq Omer , Anis-ur-Rehman Muhammad
Published: September 2018

Barium strontium cobaltite (Ba0.5Sr0.5CoO3−δ) nanoparticles were synthesized by using without water and surfactant (WOWS) sol-gel method, co-precipitation method and composite mediated hydrothermal method (CMHM). Co-precipitation synthesis was carried out for 0.4 M precursors solutions of strontium nitrate Sr (NO3)2, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate Co (NO3)2·6H2O and barium nitrate Ba (NO3)2 and with the sodium hydroxide NaOH as precipitating agent, sol-gel synthesis was done using ethylene glycol as precipitating agent and the CMHM synthesis was done using sodium hydroxide and Potassium hydroxide (NaOH-KOH) as reactants and precipitating agents at 180 °C for 65 min. Calcination of the synthesized samples was done at 830 °C for 02 hours. Pellets of calcined powder was sintered at 850 °C for 20 minutes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study was used to find the structural parameters (crystal structure, crystallite size and phase purity). The observed phase transformation of pure barium strontium cobaltite monoclinic to orthorhombic structure was found after heat treatment. Crystallite sizes were calculated by using Scherrer’s formula. Temperature dependent (100 to 600 °C) dc conductivities of the sintered pellets were measured and found to be increased with the successive increase in measuring temperature. Temperature dependent (100 to 600 °C) impedances of all samples synthesized through wet chemical methods at fixed frequency of (10kHz) was also measured and compared. The structural and AC/DC electrical properties were correlated to different synthesis methods. The synthesized samples can be thought as an electrode material for intermediate temperature range solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs).
Investigations of Non-Linear Viscoelastic Properties for Polypropylene/Clay-Nanocomposites through Melt Flow Birefringence and Damping Function
Authors: Mudasir Maryam , Ahmed Riaz
Published: September 2018

Rheological investigations are reported for pure polypropylene and its clay-nanocomposites to establish viscoelastic properties and filler concentration relationship. Flow birefringence is performed through a slit-die to obtain centerline principal stress difference during extensional flow. The centerline stress profile of clay-nanocomposite revealed additional viscoelastic nature even at low silicate concentrations whereas no exceptional strain hardening was reported. Effects of higher filler concentrations are further examined during the simple shearing flow to consider non-linear viscoelasticity in terms of damping function. The increase in damping coefficient with increasing clay concentration shows polymer-nanocomposites are more strain sensitive. The Wagner's exponential damping function could adequately describe the time-strain separability at all clay concentrations studied. The results of both investigations reveal that the polymers are time-strain separable at all clay concentrations studied during elongational and simple shearing flows, whereas filler orientations are found to be different for different melt flow behavior.
Polyaniline Enhanced Supercapacitance of Cobalt Hydroxide Nanowires/Carbon Nanotube Containing Polymer Sponge Layered Composite
Authors: Shah Syed Hashim , Khan Muhammad Imran , Sarfraz Rida , Nazir Rozeen , Ali Ashraf
Published: September 2018

Transition metal oxide nanostructures and conducting polymers like polyaniline have specific capacitance orders of magnitude higher than those of carbon based nanomaterials. In the present study nanoflowers of Cobalt Hydroxide, Polyaniline and Carbon Nanotubes were combined on a conventional Polymeric sponge to develop by using facile wet chemical techniques. High surface area of Cobalt Hydroxide nanoflowers when combined with Polyaniline showed enhanced capacitance values and stability. The carbon nanotubes enhanced the conductivity of the composite while the double porous structure of polyurethane sponge enhances the electrolyte flow, surface area, and reduces current density which leads to good reversibility and greater capacitance. Samples were characterized by cyclic voltammetry technique against Ag/AgCl reference electrode in three electrode setup.
Structural and Thermoelectric Properties of Gd Doped Bi2Te3
Authors: Arif Faiza , Farooq Omer , Tuz Zahra Fatima , Anis-ur-Rehman Muhammad
Published: September 2018

The world is currently facing numerous challenges related to energy supply and consumption. Renewable energy sources are very important in view to enhance the worldwide energy needs and environmental effects. One of the important, cost effective and pollution free techniques for renewable energy source is the thermoelectric technology. Thermoelectric materials are of great importance as they convert the heat energy into electrical energy. Thermoelectric materials include tellurides, cobaltites and oxides. In present work, bismuth telluride doped with rare earth metal Gadolinium of different compositions i.e. 0.0 and 0.1 was synthesized by using the simplified sol-gel technique. For structural analysis including crystal structure, phase purity, crystallite size of samples and the lattice parameters, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used. The structural analysis showed the rhombohedral structure of Bi2Te3. AC electrical properties i.e. ac conductivity, loss factor, dielectric constant and impedance studied as a function of frequency (20Hz-3MHz). AC conductivity increased with the increase in frequency while the loss factor, dielectric constant and impedance decreased with the increase in frequency. DC resistivity was analyzed using two probe method at room temperature. Thermal transport properties i.e. thermal conductivity (λ), thermal diffusivity (κ) and volumetric heat capacity(ρCp) are also measured along with the Seebeck coefficient at room temperature.
Improvement in Absorption of Microwaves by Incorporating Additives in Silica Phenolic Composite
Authors: Salman Muhammad , Ellahi Anwaar , Hussain Wilayat
Published: September 2018

A method of adding RAM directly in silica phenolic composite was tested. Due to direct incorporation of RAM, the resultant composite not only can show microwave absorption at normal conditions but can sustain this capability at high heat fluxes. Such RAM added composite becomes more applicable for materials which are exposed to high temperatures. Two different RAM added silica fibre phenolic composites were developed and their RF-absorptions were compared with pure silica fibre phenolic sample. It was found that depending on the type of RAM their RF-absorption can be enhanced. Strength and ablation properties of the resultant composites were also found to alter with the addition of RAM in the composite.
Dependence of Lattice Distortion and Dielectric Response of Zinc Aluminate on Milling Frequency
Authors: Noor Hadia Noor , Riaz Saira , Iram Malik Maryyam , Siddiqi Amna , Naseem Shahzad
Published: September 2018

Zinc aluminate (ZnAl2O4) samples were prepared using nanomilling based solid state reaction method for several potential applications. Effect of milling frequency on structural and dielectric behavior of ZnAl2O4 has been explored systemically. Investigation of crystal structure reveals that change in lattice parameter by milling does not alter the cubic lattice of ZnAl2O4. This milling frequency at the nanosize resulted in a gradual decrease in the particle size, which can be attributed to the inhomogeneous defects. Grain size in nanometers has been calculated by XRD using Debye-Scherrer formula. Dielectric measurements performed in the range of 20Hz-20MHz confirms the Maxwell –Wagner two layer model which is consistent with the Koop’s theory. High value of ac conductivity indicates that milling blocked the ionic transport. As a result of Nyquist plots, a single semicircle was obtained which indicated the leading role of grain (bulk). The variation in the semicircle radii for different samples is due to the influence of milling frequency.
Development of Lightweight Aluminum-Titanium Alloys for Aerospace Applications
Authors: Batool Syeda Ammara , Ahmad Akhlaq , Wadood Abdul , Mateen Abdul , Hussain Wilayat
Published: September 2018

Aluminum (Al) and Titanium (Ti) based lightweight alloys have been a topic of discussion and research for a few decades now. Resulting alloys with hard intermetallic phases in Al-Ti binary system have good microstructural and mechanical properties including low densities, high specific strength, better resistance against oxidation and corrosion which are highly desirable in aerospace industry. Such an alloy system was studied in our research. Powder metallurgy (PM) was used as processing route because of its economical and easy operation. Samples were prepared using metallic powders of Aluminum (Al) and Titanium (Ti) with varying compositions of 95 at.% Al-Ti, 90 at.% Al-Ti and 88 at.% Al-10 at.% Ti-2 at.% SiC. After compaction, pressureless sintering was carried out at 620°C for several hours in Argon atmosphere followed by annealing resulting in a reasonably dense Al-Ti alloy. Microstructure and phase composition of alloy was analyzed by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Hardness was evaluated by Vickers micro indentation test. An increase in hardness was observed. Sample containing reinforcement particles (SiC) demonstrated highest value of hardness.
Effect of Thermal Treatments on the Schottky Contact between Polycrystalline PbS Thin Film and Gold
Authors: Bakar Abu , Mansoor Muhammad , Asim Muhammad Muneeb , Khan Shaheed
Published: September 2018

Electrical characteristics of semiconductor to metal (S-M) contacts i.e. Schottky contacts, play a vital role towards the performance of the device. The formation of a Schottky contact requires precise thermal treatment, which also affects the electrical characteristic of the junction. In present study, a thin layer of polycrystalline lead sulfide (PbS) was deposited on quartz substrate using chemical bath technique. Metallic electrodes of aluminum and gold were deposited on the each side of the semiconductor film by thermal evaporation method. The aluminum and gold films were 10 nm and 200 nm thick, respectively. Latter, the substrates were thermally treated in air for various durations and the effect of the thermal treatments was evaluated by I-V measurements. It was found that anomalies in the electrical behavior of the S-M contacts were mitigated with the treatments. A change from 0.1 x 10-6A to 0.4 x 10-6A in saturation current was observed. Similarly, the ideality factor (at Vth<<Vd) of the S-M contact was 12 on pristine PbS, while it reduced to 2.7 after the thermal treatment, which indicates an improved Schottky contact.
Preparation of Neodymium Metal by Pyro-Metallurgical Process Using Fluoride Salt
Authors: Murad Ali , Iqbal Azmat , Ahmad Waqar
Published: September 2018

The neodymium fluoride was reduced to metal by thermal reduction or pyro-metallurgical process using calcium as reducing agent. Thermal reduction was carried out in a sealed reactions chamber in inert atmosphere with a nickel crucible having dry calcium fluoride lining. The stoichiometric mixture of neodymium fluoride and calcium metal chips were used in the form of pallets for pyro-metallurgical reactions. Small iodine was also added to increase heat available during ignition and to yield a lower melting and more fluid slag. The contents were heated electrically at a predetermined rate until ignition took place. The reaction was self-supporting and neodymium metal was obtained with fairly good efficiency.
Failure Study of Two Dissimilar Steels Joined by Spot Welding Technique
Authors: Chandio Ali Dad , Khan Nabeel Ahmed , Jawaid Rameez , Mohsin Syed Naqi
Published: September 2018

Resistance spot welding (RSW) process is of paramount importance in automotive industry for the fabrication of metallic components. Several dissimilar alloys could easily be joined by resistance spot welding. However, the joining of the stainless steel and galvanized carbon steel is challenging task since weld fusion zone properties are affected significantly. Indeed, the reliability of the component lies in the sound quality of spot weld. The overload failure mode of the weld zone was determined by preparing lap-shear specimens and then carrying out tensile-shear test. Microstructures and hardness of the weld nuggets were also brought under considerations. It was found that weld nugget size and strength of that sheet material which has lower electrical resistance are the controlling factors of the failure mode. The aim of this study was to find out the causes of spot welds failure in terms of parameters favoring the pull-out failure mode, role of fusion zone size (FZS), nugget and base metal by controlling the process parameters.
Fabrication of Cellulose Acetate/Cellulose-HA Composite Films for Bone Fixation
Authors: Nisar Fatima , bin Khalid Usama , Akram Muhammad Aftab , Javed Sofia , Mujahid Mohammad
Published: September 2018

Bone is a rigid and constantly remodeling organ, a type of tissue which provides support and protects organs in the body, and together they form the skeleton [1]. Materials generally used for implants bear tissue rejection and produce toxins on degradation [2]. Our objective is to synthesize a biocompatible composite of Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Cellulose using Cellulose Acetate as a matrix which mimics the properties of natural bone that can be used for bone replacements. Bone is composed of calcium phosphate (HA) and collagen, which gives bone desired properties [3]. Hydroxyapatite is the inorganic mineral found in the bone and is preferred due to its mechanical properties, biocompatibility, slow degradation in physiological environment and bioactivity [4]. Cellulose, structural component in plants is similar in properties to collagen therefore the properties of cellulose [4], HA and cellulose acetate are exploited to achieve our results. The experimental procedure is divided into two major steps; extraction of cellulose microfibers (CMF) from cotton followed by dispersion of cellulose and HA in cellulose acetate then casting membranes of the composite.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Tribological Characteristics of CuAl10Ni5Fe4 Nickel Aluminum Bronze
Authors: Yaseen Muhammad Kamran , Mansoor Muhammad , Ansari Haider Ali , Hussain Sajawal , Khan Shaheed
Published: September 2018

Al bronze are the choice of material for relatively high wear applications besides appreciable mechanical and corrosion properties. In present work, the effect of different heat treatment processes on tribological characteristics of Ni-Al bronze (CuAl10Ni5Fe4, UNS C63000) has been studied. The hot rolled bar of 30 mm diameter was subjected to annealing, quenching and aging processes separately, consequently their effect on microstructure was studied and co-related with tribological characteristics. The formation and nucleation of various phases due to the thermal treatments were observed using optical microscopy. The wear behavior was studied using ball on disk arrangement with 100Cr6 ball and Ni-Al Bronze samples as disk. The characteristics and mechanism of wear track was studied using scanning electron microscope. It was observed that the water quenched sample followed by aging at 300°C exhibited best tribological characteristics.
Optimization of Spot Welding Parameters in Similar and Dissimilar Alloys AISI-321 and Inconel-X750 Alloys
Authors: Rauf Mudassir , Khan Aamir Nusair , Salam Iftichar Us , Qayyume Rehan , Khan Shaheed
Published: September 2018

A series of experiments were conducted to optimize the welding of similar and dissimilar alloys i.e AISI-321 with AISI-321, Inconel-X750 with AISI-321 and Inconel-X750 with Inconel-X750. Single phase rectification type resistance spot welding machine was utilized for this purpose. Breaking load against different welding parameters was observed. Further, the defects of the welded zone were also studied by optical and stereo microscopes. It was noted that the welding current, welding time and the welding force play an effective role in the strength of the welding joint and the spot welding of Inconel-X750 with AISI-321 can be possible if the welding parameters are carefully selected.
Pharmacokinetics and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Adults: A Literature Review
Authors: Tukacs Monika
Published: September 2018

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a rapidly emerging treatment for respiratory or cardiac failure and is used as a bridge to recovery, transplant, or destination therapy. Adult patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation also receive significant amounts of pharmacotherapy. Although the body of literature on extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation in general is extensive, only a few publications focus on pharmacokinetic changes related to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in adults. Understanding pharmacokinetics in adult patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is important to correctly select and dose medications in this patient population. This article reviews published studies of the effects of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on pharmacokinetics in adults.
TLR9 and IL-1R1 Promote Mobilization of Pulmonary Dendritic Cells during Beryllium Sensitization
Authors: Wade Morgan F. , Collins Morgan K. , Richards Denay , Mack Douglas G. , Martin Allison K. , Dinarello Charles A. , Fontenot Andrew P. , McKee Amy S.
Published: September 2018

Metal-induced hypersensitivity is driven by dendritic cells (DCs) that migrate from the site of exposure to the lymph nodes, upregulate costimulatory molecules, and initiate metal-specific CD4+ T cell responses. Chronic beryllium disease (CBD), a life-threatening metal-induced hypersensitivity, is driven by beryllium-specific CD4+ Th1 cells that expand in the lung-draining lymph nodes (LDLNs) after beryllium exposure (sensitization phase) and are recruited back to the lung, where they orchestrate granulomatous lung disease (elicitation phase). To understand more about how beryllium exposures impact DC function during sensitization, we examined the early events in the lung and LDLNs after pulmonary exposure to different physiochemical forms of beryllium. Exposure to soluble or crystalline forms of beryllium induced alveolar macrophage death/release of IL-1α and DNA, enhanced migration of CD80hi DCs to the LDLNs, and sensitized HLA-DP2 transgenic mice after single low-dose exposures, whereas exposures to insoluble particulate forms beryllium did not. IL-1α and DNA released by alveolar macrophages upregulated CD80 on immature BMDC via IL-1R1 and TLR9, respectively. Intrapulmonary exposure of mice to IL-1R and TLR9 agonists without beryllium was sufficient to drive accumulation of CD80hi DCs in the LDLNs, whereas blocking both pathways prevented accumulation of CD80hi DCs in the LDLNs of beryllium-exposed mice. Thus, in contrast to particulate forms of beryllium, which are poor sensitizers, soluble or crystalline forms of beryllium promote death of alveolar macrophages and their release of IL-1α and DNA, which act as damage-associated molecular pattern molecules to enhance DC function during beryllium sensitization.
Sound games for dyslalias: The practical application of Van Riper's theoretical chart
Authors: Streit Joan
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
Isaiah 5: A prophetic critique of economic proportion
Authors: Grey Jacqueline N.
Published: September 2018

The text of Isaiah 5 describes a rapidly changing society in 8th-century BCE Judah. This shift is driven by forces such as increased international trade, the clash of urbanisation and agrarianism, and the rise of the urban elites. These changes have direct correlation with the transforming economic environment of that period. Yet scholars have paid little attention to the economic realities reflected in the message of the prophet Isaiah. This article explores the context of Isaiah 5 through an engagement with economic theory. While recognising the dilemmas in the adoption of tools from contemporary economic theory to analyse an ancient society, this article utilises game theory to shed light on the historical and cultural background to the text. By applying the ‘prisoner’s dilemma’ it explores the ‘deal’ being offered by the prophet to the Judahite leaders in Isaiah 5: 8–24. In particular, the article looks at rational choice and the self-interested basis of decision-making to draw insights from the text by highlighting the conflicts of interest for the wealthy elite of Isaiah 5.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This research relates to the disciplines of Old Testament Studies and Economic Theory. The focus is applying economic theory to the biblical text of Isaiah 5.
Bobos in paradise: urban politics and the new economy
Authors: Saint-Paul Gilles
Published: September 2018

This paper provides some elements to explain the observed takeover in some urban areas of a new kind of elite associated with new economy jobs, also known as “bourgeois bohème” (bobos). This takeover has been associated with greater investment in urban amenities and “clean” means of transport, with adverse effects on commuting time. The model allows us to explain those developments by productivity growth in the new economy, and by the differences in production processes between the new and old economies. The consequences of bobo takeover for house prices and employment of unskilled service workers are also discussed. A bunkerized equilibrium in which skilled workers in the old economy no longer reside in the city and have been replaced by service workers is studied. In such an equilibrium urban amenities are at their maximum and commuting flows have been eliminated. For some parameter values, bobos are better-off under bunkerization, in which case they may gain by favoring it with a “diversity” subsidy for unskilled workers to reside in the city.
Forcing mechanisms of the 6 h tide in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere
Authors: Jacobi Christoph , Geißler Christoph , Lilienthal Friederike , Krug Amelie
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Solar tides such as the diurnal and semidiurnal tide, are
forced in the lower and middle atmosphere through the diurnal cycle of solar
radiation absorption. This is also the case with higher harmonics like the
quarterdiurnal tide (QDT), but for these also non-linear interaction of
tides such as the self-interaction of the semidiurnal tide, or the
interaction of terdiurnal and diurnal tides, are discussed as possible
forcing mechanism. To shed more light on the sources of the QDT, 12 years of
meteor radar data at Collm (51.3∘ N, 13∘ E) have been
analyzed with respect to the seasonal variability of the QDT at 82–97 km
altitude, and bispectral analysis has been applied. The results indicate
that non-linear interaction, in particular self-interaction of the
semidiurnal tide probably plays an important role in winter, but to a lesser
degree in summer. Numerical modelling of 6 h amplitudes qualitatively
reproduces the gross seasonal structure of the observed 6 h wave at Collm.
Model experiments with removed tidal forcing mechanisms lead to the
conclusion that, although non-linear tidal interaction is one source of the
QDT, the major forcing mechanism is direct solar forcing of the 6 h tidal
components.
Propagation of current waves along a transmission line with randomly located non-uniformities inside a rectangular resonator
Authors: Tkachenko Sergey V. , Nitsch Jürgen B. , Raya Moustafa , Rambousky Ronald , Vick Ralf
Published: September 2018

Abstract. In this paper, we investigate the propagation of high-frequency current waves along a stochastic transmission line inside a rectangular cavity using as basis the model of a transmission line with the symmetry of the resonator. The stochastization of the line is created by a stochastically arranged chain of loads. Using similar models one also can take into account stochastic geometry of the line. Research has shown a significant difference between the propagation of the current wave along the transmission line with stochastic loads in free space and in the resonator. In the first case, the average square of the absolute value of the transmission coefficient exponentially tends to zero with increasing length of the line due to interference phenomena for current waves. In the second case, in the average, the current can penetrate through the stochastic chain of the loads due to the re-reflection of the signal from the walls of the resonator.
Skrjabin's Magical Music: Just a Fantasy?
Authors: Molina Moreno Francisco
Published: September 2018

This article discusses the magical power attributed to music in the text of the Preparatory Act, by the Russian composer and pianist Aleksandr Skrjabin (1872-1915), and whether the contents of that text can be considered mythical or fantastic.
Daniel Buren, the ample field of painting, the place where genders are dissolved. An intervention projet in Puente de Rande (Vigo)
Authors: Castro-Fernández Xosé Antón , Herranz-Pascual Yolanda , Pastor-Bravo Jesús
Published: September 2018

Beginning with a project to intervene in Puente de Rande in Vigo (Project pour la Galice, 2005) that would never come to fruition, its authors, who accompanied the artist for several days, researched and studied his approach while taking into account his methodical conception. In this methodology are the keys to his work: from a consensual point of view and a projectual discussion to his reconsideration of the use of public spaces and/or museums, making use of his well-known visual resource —the bands of color— and the affirmation of a piece as a "transformation of a place of welcome", while also taking into account the architecture, design and drawing, light and color, the context as nature of the place, and a feeling of endurance that exalts the essential image of the ephemeral, transcribed, as usual, in its photo-souvenirs and in the possibility of expanded painting.ResumenA partir de un proyecto para intervenir el Puente de Rande, en Vigo (Project pour la Galice, 2005), que nunca llegaría a realizarse, los autores, que acompañaron durante varios días al artista, investigan y estudian sus planteamientos, teniendo en cuenta su concepción metodológica. En ella están las claves de su trabajo, desde el consenso y la discusión proyectual, a su reconsideración del in situ en los espacios públicos o en el museo, haciendo uso de su reconocido útil visual más identitario –las bandas de color– y la afirmación de una obra como “transformación de lugar de acogida”, teniendo en cuenta la arquitectura, el diseño y el dibujo, la luz y el color, el contexto como naturaleza del lugar y un sentimiento de perdurabilidad que exalta la imagen esencial de lo efímero, transcrita, de manera habitual, en sus photos-souvenirs y en la posibilidad de una pintura de campo amplio.
La intermedialidad: un enfoque básico para abordar fenómenos comunicativos complejos en las aulas
Authors: Masgrau-Juanola Marina , Kunde Karo
Published: September 2018

Este estudio propone la traslación de la teoría estética de la intermedialidad en el campo de la educación como marco teórico que sugiera nuevas concreciones de la competencia artística en las aulas; nos proponemos evidenciar la necesidad social actual de potenciar la capacidad de recepción y expresión artística híbridas, sirviéndose de todos los lenguajes, medios, técnicas y recursos que tienen los alumnos a su alcance, de modo que puedan ser no solo consumidores de contenidos intermediales, sino también creadores. Esta constatación, fundamentada en el análisis del currículo y de sus concreciones en las aulas de distintos centros educativos de Educación Primaria, es el punto de partida de nuestra investigación. Para ello proponemos hacer un paso atrás y un paso adelante en la mayoría de propuestas didácticoartísticas más comunes de nuestras escuelas y empoderar a los alumnos o estudiantes del proceso creativo: por un lado, proponer retos a los alumnos y permitir que sean ellos quienes elijan el género con que van a vehicular su discurso; y por el otro propiciar, a través de los medios de comunicación, que sus producciones lleguen a un público interesado y crítico, y no únicamente al docente. Este enfoque exige también una concepción más fluida de los géneros artísticos.
Editor's notes: Social policies and welfare in the multicultural society
Authors: Lalak Danuta
Published: September 2018

The presented articles are just an introduction to the vast and important issues located at the interface between social pedagogy and public policy. In this area the real impact of social pedagogy on the social reality is expressed.
Medellín - Centralidade dos pobres na Igreja: clamores e resistências atuais
Authors: Aquino Júnior Francisco de
Published: September 2018

O artigo trata da característica mais importante da Conferência de Medellín (centralidade dos pobres na Igreja) e de sua atualidade (clamores e resistências atuais). Começa mostrando como o processo de recepção do Concilio Vaticano II na América Latina se dá a partir da Constituição Pastoral Gaudium et Spes e sua incipiente teologia dos “sinais dos tempos” mediante processo de inserção da Igreja na realidade latino-americana e de compromisso com os pobres e marginalizados e suas lutas por libertação. Em seguida, trata da atualidade desse dinamismo eclesial, indicando alguns ecos e/ou expressões atuais (antigos e novos) dos clamores e das resistências dos pobres e marginalizados em nosso continente – “sinal dos tempos” por excelência ao qual a Igreja deve estar sempre atenta, com o qual deve se envolver visceralmente e a serviço do qual deve se entregar com todas as suas forças.
ACRL Board of Directors’ actions, June 2018: Highlights of the Board’s Annual Conference meetings
Authors: College & Research Libraries Association of
Published: September 2018

During the 2018 ALA Annual Conference Meeting in New Orleans, Louisiana, the ACRL Board of Directors met on June 23 and June 25. The Board met with the leaders of its four goal-area committees: Value of Academic Libraries, Student Learning and Information Literacy, Research and Scholarly Environment, and New Roles and Changing Landscapes to assess progress on the Plan for Excellence.
Internet Reviews
Authors: Roberts Joni R. , Drost Carol A.
Published: September 2018

Oregon Multicultural ArchivesThe World Economic ForumYale Program on Climate Change Communication
Fast Facts
Authors: Pattillo Gary
Published: September 2018

Citation ratesAge and musical preferencesVirtual assistants on campusSchool segregationCharacteristics of postsecondary faculty
Las nuevas relaciones institucionales de las Diputaciones en Andalucía: Los Días de la Provincia
Authors: Parrilla Amador Margarita
Published: September 2018

Las nuevas formas de relación que se están surgiendo entre la administración y los ciudadanos están presentes también en el ámbito del protocolo. La celebración de los “Día de la Provincia”, que surgen como conmemoración de un acontecimiento histórico,  está dando lugar a una política de relaciones institucionales. La solemnidad de la efeméride busca afianzar su existencia mediante la participación de la sociedad a través de actos colectivos como son, por ejemplo, la entrega de honores y distinciones. Un ejemplo de ello son  las diputaciones provinciales de Andalucía y como han organizado, en cada caso, sus correspondientes días de la provincia.--------------------------------------The new forms of relationship that are emerging between the administration and the citizens are also present in the scope of the protocol. The celebration of the "Day of the Province", which arise as a commemoration of a historical event, is giving rise to a policy of institutional relations. The solemnity of the event seeks to strengthen its existence through the participation of society through collective acts such as, for example, the delivery of honors and distinctions. Examples of this are the provincial councils of Andalusia and how they have organized, in each case, their corresponding days of the province.
Seasonal changes in the abundance and biomass of copepod in the south-eastern Baltic Sea in 2010 and 2011
Authors: Dzierzbicka-Glowacka Lidia , Lemieszek Anna , Griniene Evelina , Kalarus Marcin
Published: September 2018

Background. Copepods are the major secondary producers in the World Ocean. They represent an important link between phytoplankton, microzooplankton and higher trophic levels such as fish. They are an important source of food for many fish species, but also a significant producer of detritus. In terms of their role in the marine food web, it is important to know how the environmental variability affects the population of Copepoda.

Methods. The study of the zooplankton community in the south-eastern Baltic Sea conducted during a 24-month survey (January 2010 to November 2011) resulted in 24 invertebrate species identified (10copepods, 7cladocerans, 4rotifers, 1ctenophore, Fritillaria borealis and Hyperia galba). Data were collected at two stations located on the open-sea deep-water station – the Gdańsk Deep (54o50’φN, 19o19’λE) and in the western, inner part of the Gulf of Gdańsk (54o32’ φN, 18o48.2 ’λE). Vertical hauls were carried out using two nets: a Copenhagen net with an inlet diameter of 50 cm and a mesh diameter of 100 µm (in 2010) and WP-2 net from KC Denmark with an inlet diameter of 57 cm and a mesh diameter of 100 µm (in 2011).

Results. The paper describes seasonal changes in the abundance and biomass of Copepoda, taking into account the main Baltic calanoid copepod taxa (Acartia spp., Temora longicornis and Pseudocalanus sp.). They usually represented the main component of zooplankton. The average number of Copepoda at station P1 during the study period of 2010 was 3913 ind.m-3 (SD 2572) and their number ranged from 1184 ind. m-3 (in winter) to 6293 ind.m-3 (in spring). One year later, the average count of copepods was higher, i.e. 11 723 ind. m-3 (SD 6980) and ranged from 2351 ind. m-3 (in winter) to 18 307 ind.m-3 (in summer). Their average count at station P2 in 2010 was 29 141 ind. m-3 ranging from 3330 ind.m-3 (in March) to 67 789 ind. m-3 (in May). The average count of copepods in 2011 was much lower – 17 883 ind./m3 and ranged from 1360 ind./m3 (in April) to 39 559 ind./m3 (in May).

Discussion. The environment of pelagic animals changes with the distance from the shore and with the sea depth. Although the qualitative structure of zooplankton is almost identical with that of the coastal waters, the quantitative structure changes quite significantly. The maximum values of zooplankton abundance and biomass were observed in the summer season, both in the Gdańsk Deep and the inner part of the Gulf of Gdańsk. Copepoda dominated in the composition of zooplankton for almost the entire duration of the research.. Quantitative taxonomic composition of Copepoda at station P1 (the Gdańsk Deep) was different compared to station P2 (the western, inner part of the Gulf of Gdańsk) due to a high percentage of a crustacean preferring waters with lower temperature and higher salinity – Pseudocalanus sp.
Differential requirement of kindlin-3 for T cell progenitor homing to the non-vascularized and vascularized thymus
Authors: Moretti Federico Andrea , Klapproth Sarah , Ruppert Raphael , Margraf Andreas , Weber Jasmin , Pick Robert , Scheiermann Christoph , Sperandio Markus , Fässler Reinhard , Moser Markus
Published: September 2018

The role of integrin-mediated adhesion during T cell progenitor homing to and differentiation within the thymus is ill-defined, mainly due to functional overlap. To circumvent compensation, we disrupted the hematopoietic integrin regulator kindlin-3 in mice and found a progressive thymus atrophy that is primarily caused by an impaired homing capacity of T cell progenitors to the vascularized thymus. Notably, the low shear flow conditions in the vascular system at midgestation allow kindlin-3-deficient fetal liver-derived T cell progenitors to extravasate via pharyngeal vessels and colonize the avascular thymus primordium. Once in the thymus, kindlin-3 promotes intrathymic T cell proliferation by facilitating the integrin-dependent crosstalk with thymic antigen presenting cells, while intrathymic T cell migration, maturation into single positive CD4 and CD8 T cells and release into the circulation proceed without kindlin-3. Thus, kindlin-3 is dispensable for integrin-mediated T cell progenitor adhesion and signalling at low and indispensable at high shear forces.
Single mutations in the ε subunit from thermophilic Bacillus PS3 generate a high binding affinity site for ATP
Authors: Krah Alexander , Bond Peter J.
Published: September 2018

The ε subunit from ATP synthases acts as an ATP sensor in the bacterial cell to prevent ATP hydrolysis and thus the waste of ATP under conditions of low ATP concentration. However, the ATP binding affinities from various bacterial organisms differ markedly, over several orders of magnitude. For example, the ATP synthases from thermophilic Bacillus PS3 and Escherichia coli exhibit affinities of 4 µM and 22 mM, respectively. The recently reported R103A/R115A double mutant of Bacillus PS3 ATP synthase demonstrated an increased binding affinity by two orders of magnitude with respect to the wild type. Here, we used atomic-resolution molecular dynamics simulations to determine the role of the R103A and R115A single mutations. These lead us to predict that both single mutations also cause an increased ATP binding affinity. Evolutionary analysis reveals R103 and R115 substitutions in the ε subunit from other bacillic organisms, leading us to predict they likely have a higher ATP binding affinity than previously expected.
Early Holocene morphological variation in hunter-gatherer hands and feet
Authors: Hoover Kara C. , Berbesque J. Colette
Published: September 2018

Background

The Windover mortuary pond dates to the Early Archaic period (6,800–5,200 years ago) and constitutes one of the earliest archaeological sites with intact and well-preserved human remains in North America. Unlike many prehistoric egalitarian hunter-gatherers, the Windover people may not have practiced a sex-based division of labor; rather, they may have shared the load. We explore how mobility and subsistence, as reconstructed from archaeological data, influenced hand and foot bone morphology at Windover.

Methods

We took length and width measurements on four carpal bones, four tarsal bones, and load-bearing tarsal areas (calcaneus load arm, trochlea of the talus). We analyzed lateralization using side differences in raw length and width measurements. For other hypothesis testing, we used log transformed length-width ratios to mitigate the confounding effects of sexual dimorphism and trait size variation; we tested between-sex differences in weight-bearing (rear foot) and shock-absorbing (mid foot) tarsal bones and between-sex differences in carpal bones.

Results

We identified no significant between-sex differences in rear and midfoot areas, suggesting similar biomechanical stresses. We identified no significant between-sex differences in carpal bones but the test was under-powered due to small sample sizes. Finally, despite widespread behavioral evidence on contemporary populations for human hand and foot lateralization, we found no evidence of either handedness or footedness.

Discussion

The lack evidence for footedness was expected due its minimal impact on walking gait but the lack of evidence for handedness was surprising given that ethnographic studies have shown strong handedness in hunter-gatherers during tool and goods manufacture. The reconstructed activity patterns suggested both sexes engaged in heavy load carrying and a shared division of labor. Our results support previous findings—both sexes had stronger weight-bearing bones. Male shock-absorbing bones exhibited a trend towards greater relative width (suggesting greater comparative biomechanical stress) than females which may reflect the typical pattern of male hunter-gatherers engaging in walking greater distances at higher speeds than females. While there were no significant between-sex differences in carpal bones (supporting a shared work load model), females exhibited greater variation in index values, which may reflect a greater variety of and specialization in tasks compared to males. Because carpals and tarsals are so well-preserved at archaeological sites, we had surmised they might be useful proxies for activity in the absence of well-preserved long bones. Tarsals provide a stronger signal of past activity and may be useful in the absence of, or in addition to, preferred bones. Carpals, however, may not be useful as the effect size of biomechanical stress (in this study at least) is low and would require larger samples than may be possible at archaeological sites.
Characterization analysis and heavy metal‐binding properties of CsMTL3 in Escherichia coli
Authors: Xu Xing , Duan Ling , Yu Jingwen , Su Chenggang , Li Jinhua , Chen Dan , Zhang Xingguo , Song Hongyuan , Pan Yu
Published: September 2018

Members of the metallothionein (MT) superfamily are involved in coordinating transition metal ions. In plants, MT family members are characterized by their arrangement of Cys residues. In this study, one member of the MT superfamily, CsMTL3, was characterized from a complementary DNA (cDNA) library from young cucumber fruit; CsMTL3 is predicted to encode a 64 amino acid protein with a predicted molecular mass of 6.751 kDa. Phylogenetic analysis identified it as a type 3 family member as the arrangement of N‐terminal Cys residues was different from that of MT‐like 2. Heterologous expression of CsMTL3 in Escherichia coli improved their heavy metal tolerance, particularly to Cd2+ and Cu2+, and led to increased uptake of Cd2+ and Cu2+; increased uptake was also observed for cells expressing Arabidopsis thaliana metallothionein 3 (AtMT3) and phytochelatin‐like (PCL), with greatest uptake in PCL‐expressing cells. These findings demonstrate that CsMTL3 can improve metal tolerance, especially for Cd2+ ions, when heterologously expressed in E. coli, and suggest that the composition and arrangement of N‐terminal Cys residues are associated with binding capacity and preference for different metal ions.
HumanRights andHealth
Authors: Willen Sarah S. , Kohler Anne
Published: September 2018

Health‐related inequity is a long‐standing concern in anthropology, yet anthropologists have only recently, and tentatively, begun approaching the issue through a human rights lens. Medical anthropologists, in particular, have found in human rights a provocative way of responding to health inequities, violations, and injustices. As interdisciplinary conversations about health and human rights have begun to flourish in recent decades, anthropological engagement has begun to yield important new insights, questions, and areas of inquiry.