bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unleashing the power of cloud adoption and artificial intelligence in optimizing resilience and sustainable manufacturing supply chain in the USA
Authors: Rashid Aamir , Rasheed Rizwana , Ngah Abdul Hafaz , Amirah Noor Aina
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Recent disruptions have sparked concern about building a resilient and sustainable manufacturing supply chain. While artificial intelligence (AI) strengthens resilience, research is needed to understand how cloud adoption can foster integration, collaboration, adaptation and sustainable manufacturing. Therefore, this study aimed to unleash the power of cloud adoption and AI in optimizing resilience and sustainable performance through collaboration and adaptive capabilities at manufacturing firms.

Design/methodology/approach

This research followed a deductive approach and employed a quantitative method with a survey technique to collect data from its target population. The study used stratified random sampling with a sample size of 1,279 participants working in diverse manufacturing industries across California, Texas and New York.

Findings

This research investigated how companies can make their manufacturing supply chains more resilient and sustainable. The findings revealed that integrating the manufacturing supply chains can foster collaboration and enhance adaptability, leading to better performance (hypotheses H1-H7, except H5). Additionally, utilizing artificial intelligence helps improve adaptability, further strengthening resilience and sustainability (H8-H11). Interestingly, the study found that internal integration alone does not significantly impact collaboration (H5). This suggests that external factors are more critical in fostering collaboration within the manufacturing supply chain during disruptions.

Originality/value

This study dives into the complex world of interconnected factors (formative constructs in higher order) influencing manufacturing supply chains. Using advanced modeling techniques, it highlights the powerful impact of cloud-based integration. Cloud-based integration and artificial intelligence unlock significant improvements for manufacturers and decision-makers by enabling information processes and dynamic capability theory.
The political economy of earnings management in municipally owned enterprises
Authors: Müller Harry , Sidki Marcus
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Despite the growing body of empirical literature on earnings management in municipal bodies and enterprises on the municipal level, the theoretical foundations often remain limited. This article contributes to filling this research gap by discussing the agency relationships between entities, managers, politicians and the electorate based on the framework of political economy or, more specifically, economic theory of political action. It derives theoretical explanations for earnings management in municipally owned enterprises based on political-economic approaches and provides conceptual guidelines for further theoretical and empirical research in this field.

Design/methodology/approach

The article discusses three specific theoretical approaches of political economy (political budget cycles/election cycles, interest fragmentation and partisan ideology) and applies them to the governance structures of municipally owned enterprises. For each of the perspectives, predictions about the use of earnings management and its possible motivations are derived.

Findings

The study shows that political budget cycles/election cycles, interest fragmentation and partisan ideology in municipal decision-making bodies can serve as possible explanations as to which extent managers of municipally owned enterprises present manipulated financial statements. All three approaches can help to explain the prevalence of earnings management but lead to different results regarding the methods and aims of earnings management.

Originality/value

As a significant portion of the current literature on earnings management in municipally owned enterprises lacks a theoretical foundation, our article aims to fill this caveat. To do so, we introduce three new conceptual perspectives that explain the prevalence of earnings management in such enterprises and the political-economic environments that are more likely to produce manipulated financial statements.
Personal values and entrepreneurship: does the unemployment rate matter?
Authors: Lukes Martin , Feldmann Manuel
Published: June 2024

Purpose

The study responds to the calls for multilevel approaches in entrepreneurship research and seeks to answer whether the relationships between personal values and entrepreneurship remain stable across different economic conditions, using the unemployment rate as a moderator. It pays attention to the solo self-employed and women, as these groups are particularly vulnerable when crises occur.

Design/methodology/approach

We use Schwartz's theory of human values, which has been understudied in entrepreneurship and follow a correlational research design with micro and macro variables. Multilevel logistic regression is applied to the data from the large sample of 151,032 individuals participating in six waves of the European Social Survey. Solo self-employed are distinguished from those employing others, and analyses are run separately for men and women to understand gender differences.

Findings

The findings show that self-direction and achievement are positively, and benevolence and security negatively related to entrepreneurship. The high unemployment rate lowers the positive relationships with self-direction and achievement and mitigates the negative relationship with security, but only for the solo self-employed and not for employers. Results mostly hold for both genders.

Research limitations/implications

The study suggests that security-related values should not be omitted from entrepreneurship research focused on entrepreneurs' values. It also emphasizes the need to distinguish between various subgroups of entrepreneurs and their motivation, which is important for efficient active labor market policies.

Originality/value

The study utilizes multilevel analyses that account for individual- and country-level influences on entrepreneurial activity. It contributes to understanding how economic context influences value salience and supports the applicability of Schwartz's theory of human values in entrepreneurship.
Rebate incentive strategy for online reviews
Authors: Zhao Huan-huan , Liu Yong , Ren Wen-wen
Published: June 2024

Purpose

We attempt to analyze the impact of retailer’s rebate strategy on consumer reviews and retailer’s profits.

Design/methodology/approach

Retailers' rebates have a chance to affect sales and their profits by encouraging customers to submit product reviews. To investigate the impact of retailer’s rebate strategy on consumer reviews and retailer’s profits, we describe the consumer’s utility function and the number of consumer-written reviews by introducing the concepts of product demand mismatch and consumer review effort, then develop a two-stage model of the retailer’s rebate strategy and examine how the retailer’s rebate affects online reviews, the consumer’s perceived utility and the retailer’s profit. Finally, a number case verifies the validity and rationality of the proposed model.

Findings

The results show that the rebate strategy can effectively reduce consumer dissatisfaction caused by excessive product demand mismatch, improve the consumer utility, prompt more positive comments, and thus increase product sales.

Originality/value

In this paper, we focus on the impact of retailers' rebate strategy on consumer purchase decisions. The research can accurately reflect the influence of online reviews on consumers and retailers, assisting merchants in making the best selections. The analysis indicates that the retailer’s rebate strategy can have a direct impact on consumers' evaluation choices and product sales.
How and when does gamification level up mobile app effectiveness? Meta-analytics review
Authors: Barari Mojtaba
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Gamification in mobile apps has emerged as a compelling strategy to foster firm’s relationships with their customers through mobile applications. This study utilizes a meta-analytic review to demonstrate how gamification shapes consumer responses and how moderator variables play a role in this process.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employed a meta-analytic review to combine and synthesize data from 62 studies, including 71 independent samples and a sample size of 20,510 to test the research model and examine the role of moderators in this model.

Findings

Findings reveal that gamification, through the customer experience components (cognitive, hedonic, pragmatic and social elements), leads to customer engagement, resulting in word-of-mouth and loyalty. However, privacy concerns play a destructive role in this process, deteriorating customer–firm relationships. Moderator analysis indicates that gamification design elements, such as rewards, progression and customization systems, along with product and service benefit, involvement, familiarity and firm type moderate the relationship between gamification and customer response.

Research limitations/implications

The meta-analysis main and moderator analysis results provide several insights for marketing managers that assist them in developing an effective gamification in mobile app strategy.

Originality/value

The findings reveal novel insights, encompassing both the bright and dark sides of the influence of gamification on customer response, while also examining the moderating roles of gamification, product and service and firm characteristics.
Evaluation history of dietary food groups and nutritional habits of individuals diagnosed with a memory disorder: a case–control study
Authors: Marashi Seyedeh Narjes , Amini Shirin , Ebrahimian Setayesh
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Cognitive decline and dementia are major causes of disability. Research has suggested a relationship between dietary intake and memory problems in individuals. This study aims to examine the dietary histories of participants with newly diagnosed memory problems.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 285 subjects (129 cases and 156 controls) were included in this retrospective case−control study. This paper used a food frequency questionnaire to determine the intake of dietary food groups in the previous year and a general questionnaire to assess food habits. The strength of the association between dietary history and memory problems was assessed using logistic regression and Pearson’s tests.

Findings

In this study, 73% of participants had a lower middle income and consumed less than the recommended number of meats, fruits and vegetables (1.2, 1.8 and 0.99 units/day, respectively). Participants with memory problems were more likely to take supplements than those without (P = 0.01). There was no significant difference in energy intake between the case and control groups (1634 Kcal vs 1656 Kcal). The results of the logistic regression showed that consuming any of the food groups in the previous nine months was not associated with memory problems. However, the Pearson test showed that an increase in the consumption of high-quality protein and vegetables had a slightly nonsignificant relationship with a decrease in the severity of memory disorder.

Originality/value

It is safe to suggest consuming adequate amounts of high-quality protein and affordable protein from sources such as dairy products, meats and vegetables. Research is insufficient to recommend the use of dietary supplements as a means of preventing memory disorders.
The effect of terror attacks on crime
Authors: Itskovich Eran , Baron Or Tal , Factor Roni , Perry Simon
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Previous research has shown that terror attacks affect a variety of outcomes. However, one outcome that has remained relatively neglected is crime. In the current study we examine the immediate effect of terrorism on crime, and discuss several behavioral mechanisms that might explain this effect.

Design/methodology/approach

We use data from 190 Israeli localities over 12 years (1999–2011). Applying a fixed-effects Poisson regression model, we assess the effect of terror attacks on recorded crimes of three types – property, domestic violence, and fraud – on the days following the attack. We also examine whether the effect is conditioned on geographical proximity to the attack.

Findings

We find the occurrence of terror attacks has a significant and negative effect on recorded cases of the three crime types. This effect grows stronger as geographical proximity to the attack increases.

Originality/value

Our results suggest that terrorism has an immediate negative effect on crime. This effect might be explained by changes in the behavior of police officers, offenders, and citizens.
The impact of intellectual capital on local authorities performance in property tax reassessment: the mediating role of process innovation
Authors: Senawi Asma , Osmadi Atasya , Che Pin Siti Fairuz
Published: June 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the factors influencing property tax reassessment performance in West Malaysia. It specifically examines intangible aspects, such as intellectual capital and process innovation among valuation officers. The primary concern in this study is the variability in how effectively local authorities carry out property tax reassessment, with a significant number of them not conducting revaluations regularly.

Design/methodology/approach

The data was collected using self-administered and electronic questionnaires using a purposive sampling method. The 154 useable responses were further analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling in SmartPLS 4.

Findings

The result shows that process innovation mediates the relationship between structural capital and property tax reassessment performance as well as the relationship between relational capital and property tax reassessment performance. This suggests that local authority systems and policies are indirectly related to reassessment practises by introducing new methods of reassessment in the form of administration and technology. The result shows that building good relationships with stakeholders and other institutions encourages staff to develop innovative ideas for their reassessment activities, thus enhance the performance of property tax reassessment.

Practical implications

The study provides insightful information for local authorities managers and stakeholders in crafting a better policy for periodic property tax reassessment. The study suggests the need for new administration and technological innovation in developing effective property tax reassessment strategies through the integration of organisational structure and relationship building.

Originality/value

The study developed a new model for property tax reassessment performance that incorporates intangible assets with the introduction of process innovation as a mediator.
Understanding youth empowerment: a youth participatory action research approach
Authors: Williams Kristin Samantha
Published: June 2024

Purpose

The aim of this study is two-fold: (1) to promote a model of youth participatory research and offer a window of understanding into how it can be enacted and (2) to understand youth perspectives on youth empowerment. This study asks: “how can youth help us understand youth empowerment?”

Design/methodology/approach

The study applies youth participatory action research (YPAR) and interpretative phenomenological analysis. The study illustrates how to enact a model of YPAR by engaging youth in the process of research in a youth-serving community non-profit organization.

Findings

This study sets out to make two important contributions, one methodological and one theoretical: First, the study contributes to our understanding of the opportunities and benefits of youth-engaged, peer-to-peer research. Specifically, this study promotes a model of youth participatory action research and knowledge making processes, and the associated social and formal benefits for youth. By extension, this study illustrates an approach to engage youth in formal contexts which has implications for both management and organizational studies and education. Finally, the study extends our understanding and conceptualization of the phenomenon of youth empowerment (as informed by youth perspectives).

Originality/value

The study offers insight into how to conduct youth participatory action research and specifically how to address two limitations cited in the literature: (1) how to authentically engage youth including how to share power, and (2) how to perform youth participatory action research, often critiqued as a black box methodology.
Circular economy in construction and demolition waste management: an in-depth review and future perspectives in the construction sector
Authors: Swarnakar Vikas , Khalfan Malik
Published: June 2024

Purpose

This study aims to present state-of-the-art research on circular economy (CE) implementation in construction and demolition waste management (CDWM) within the construction sector.

Design/methodology/approach

A mixed-method (scientometric and critical analysis) review strategy was adopted, involving scientometric and critical analysis to uncover the evolutionary progress within the research area, investigate key research themes in the field, and explore ten issues of CE in CDWM. Moreover, avenues for future research are provided for researchers, practitioners, decision-makers, and planners to bring innovative and new knowledge to this field.

Findings

A total of 212 articles were analyzed, and scientometric analysis was performed. The critical analysis findings reveal extensive use of surveys, interviews, case studies, or mixed-method approaches as study methodologies. Furthermore, there is limited focus on the application of modern technologies, modeling approaches, decision support systems, and monitoring and traceability tools of CE in the CDWM field. Additionally, no structured framework to implement CE in CDWM areas has been found, as existing frameworks are based on traditional linear models. Moreover, none of the studies discuss readiness factors, knowledge management systems, performance measurement systems, and life cycle assessment indicators.

Practical implications

The outcomes of this study can be utilized by construction and demolition sector managers, researchers, practitioners, decision-makers, and policymakers to comprehend the state-of-the-art, explore current research topics, and gain detailed insights into future research areas. Additionally, the study offers suggestions on addressing these areas effectively.

Originality/value

This study employs a universal approach to provide the current research progress and holistic knowledge about various important issues of CE in CDWM, offering opportunities for future research directions in the area.
Building supply chain resilience to cyber risks: a dynamic capabilities perspective
Authors: Herburger Michael , Wieland Andreas , Hochstrasser Carina
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Disruptive events caused by cyber incidents, such as supply chain (SC) cyber incidents, can affect firms’ SC operations on a large scale, causing disruptions in material, information and financial flows and impacting the availability, integrity and confidentiality of SC assets. While SC resilience (SCRES) research has received much attention in recent years, the purpose of this study is to investigate specific capabilities for building SCRES to cyber risks. Based on a nuanced understanding of SC cyber risk characteristics, this study explores how to build SC cyber resilience (SCCR) using the perspective of dynamic capability (DC) theory.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on 79 in-depth interviews, this qualitative study examines 28 firms representing 4 SCs in Central Europe. The researchers interpret data from semistructured interviews and secondary data using the DC perspective, which covers sensing, seizing and transforming.

Findings

The authors identify SCRES capabilities, in general, and SCCR-specific capabilities that form the basis for the realignment of DCs for addressing cyber risks in SCs. The authors argue that SCRES capabilities should, in general, be combined with specific capabilities for SCCR to deal with SC cyber risks. Based on these findings, 10 propositions for future research are provided.

Practical implications

Practitioners should collaborate specifically to address cyber threats and risks in SCs, integrate new SC partners and use new approaches. Furthermore, this study shows that cyber risks need to be treated differently from traditional SC risks.

Originality/value

This empirical study enriches the SC management literature by examining SCRES to cyber risks through the insightful lens of DCs. It identifies DCs for building SCCR, makes several managerial contributions and is among the few that apply the DC approach to address specific SC risks.
Individual energetics scale up to community coexistence: Movement, metabolism and biodiversity dynamics in fragmented landscapes
Authors: Szangolies Leonna , Gallagher Cara A. , Jeltsch Florian
Published: June 2024

Unravelling the intricate mechanisms that govern community coexistence remains a daunting challenge, particularly amidst ongoing environmental change. Individual physiology and metabolism are often studied to understand the response of individual animals to environmental change. However, this perspective is currently largely lacking in community ecology. We argue that the integration of individual metabolism into community theory can offer new insights into coexistence.

We present the first individual‐based metabolic community model for a terrestrial mammal community to simulate energy dynamics and home range behaviour in different environments. Using this model, we investigate how ecologically similar species coexist and maintain their energy balance under food competition. Only if individuals of different species are able to balance their incoming and outgoing energy over the long‐term will they be able to coexist. After thoroughly testing and validating the model against real‐world patterns such as of home range dynamics and field metabolic rates, we applied it as a case study to scenarios of habitat fragmentation ‐ a widely discussed topic in biodiversity research.

First, comparing single‐species simulations with community simulations, we find that the effect of habitat fragmentation on populations is strongly context‐dependent. While populations of species living alone in the landscape were mostly positively affected by fragmentation, the diversity of a community of species was highest under medium fragmentation scenarios. Under medium fragmentation, energy balance and reproductive investment were also most similar among species. We therefore suggest that similarity in energy balance among species promotes coexistence.

We argue that energetics should be part of community ecology theory, as the relative energetic status and reproductive investment can reveal why and under what environmental conditions coexistence is likely to occur. As a result, landscapes can potentially be protected and designed to maximize coexistence. The metabolic community model presented here can be a promising tool to investigate other scenarios of environmental change or other species communities to further disentangle global change effects and preserve biodiversity.
Scatterhoarder abundance and advantages of seed burial drive dynamics of a tree–rodent interaction
Authors: Zwolak Rafał , Celebias Paulina , Zduniak Milena , Bogdziewicz Michał , Wróbel Aleksandra
Published: June 2024

Theoretical models suggest that species abundance plays a crucial role in mutualism; high densities can lead to overexploitation. Additionally, mutualistic benefits are expected to increase under abiotic stress.

We investigated the interplay between density dependence and abiotic factors in conditional mutualism, focussing on the interactions between yellow‐necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis) and common oaks (Quercus robur) across 3 years. We controlled for seed abundance, while mouse densities varied. Our approach included monitoring mouse abundance, measuring seed removal, determining the fate of harvested seeds and conducting seedling emergence trials to assess the advantages of seeds caching.

We found that mouse abundance exerted a strong influence on all studied aspects of seed dispersal. Higher densities led to increased seed removal and greater dispersal distances. However, they also decreased the probability of seed caching and increased seed consumption, degrading dispersal quality and shifting the interaction towards antagonism. Furthermore, the reliance of seedling recruitment on burial varied over time, likely becoming more critical during dry conditions. This indicates that plants face the worst conditions when high abundance of mice coincides with abiotic stress.

Synthesis: Our results supports the notion that increased rodent abundance reduces plant recruitment, revealing the conflicting interests of the interacting species. However, the dynamics of rodent–oak interactions are shaped not only by the density‐dependent foraging decisions of rodents, but also by the benefits of seed burial under stress. These findings illustrate how the interplay between population density and abiotic factors jointly dictate the costs and benefits of mutualistic interactions.
Metal hyperaccumulation in the Indonesian flora
Authors: Brearley Francis Q.
Published: June 2024

In this review, I examined the number, distribution, and metal concentrations of all known metal hyperaccumulator plants from Indonesia. In total, 72 hyperaccumulator taxa were found: 19 accumulated Ni, 42 accumulated Al, 7 accumulated Cu, 2 accumulated Zn, and 2 accumulated Co in addition to Ni. There were six hypernickelophores with greater than 1% foliar nickel and with potential for agromining. Less than 10% of the hyperaccumulator species were single island endemics, and only one had an endangered status. Given that many species were only recorded from locations with mining activity, conservation assessments and actions should urgently be undertaken. There are undoubtedly many more hyperaccumulators to be found across Indonesia that will be discovered with further inter‐disciplinary surveys.
Looking for the Secular in Religious Archives — a Cross‐Channel Perspective
Authors: Vaughan Geraldine
Published: June 2024

Written from the perspective of a social historian trained in the French tradition, this article investigates how the study of nineteenth‐century Irish migrations to Britain contributes to the study of the nature of “religious archives.” In France, the writing of social history during the twentieth century was heavily influenced by sociologists and their view that religious facts were cultural and social phenomena. This outtake was also encouraged by the classification of ecclesiastical archives which were transferred to State repositories and organised according to lay and secular categories after the French Revolution. This article explores nineteenth‐century Roman Catholic schooling in Scotland as a case study. Since 1918, Scottish Catholic school records have been transferred to public repositories and categorised in “secular” fashion. Investigating the case of religious schools means looking for secular matters in ecclesiastical school records and clerical notes (the diaries of Father Michael Condon, d. 1902, are an exceptional source on that matter). In the end, this article argues that there can be no strict separation in the historical exploration of the past between the use of “religious” and “secular” archives. Ecclesiastical preoccupations never excluded worldly concerns, and down‐to‐earth considerations were an integral part of parish and school lives.
Preparedness and emergency response strategies for chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear emergencies in disaster management: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Farhat Hassan , Alinier Guillaume , Chaabna Karima , El Aifa Kawther , Abougalala Walid , Laughton James , Ben Dhiab Mohamed
Published: June 2024

Disaster management, mainly related to chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) incidents, is a critical field that requires constant evaluation to improve preparedness and response strategies. This review synthesises evidence on global health sector strategies for CBRN preparedness, gathering lessons to enhance policymaking for future response and readiness. This review included original English and French research addressing healthcare preparedness for CBRN threats. Database searches, such as EBSCO, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Ovid, Lissa, and Santécom, were conducted until November 2022. The Joanna Briggs Institute's tools were utilised to assess the risk of bias. Al‐Raayan® and Nvivo® version 12 software were employed for the review and analysis. 57 articles in English and 6 in French met the inclusion criteria. The analysis identified numerous strategies, concentrating on chemical and biological incidents (Chemical and biological bioterrorism: n = 27; Epidemics and Outbreak: n = 15). “Hospitals”, “responsibility”, and “health” emerged as prominent keywords, emphasising institutional roles and health outcomes in CBRN incidents preparedness. Key findings highlighted the need for a unified global definition of bioterrorism to align international efforts. Hospital‐level initiatives were emphasised as the foundation for national preparedness, emphasising specialised training, community engagement, and robust coordination mechanisms. Geographical variability in response strategies was noted, necessitating a harmonised global approach. Continuous research, epidemic management, and addressing radiological/nuclear threats emerged as crucial elements. Among others, strategies defined under “Emergency Response Preparedness” and “Intersectoral Policy Development” outlined comprehensive preparedness contexts for CBRN incidents. The review suggests an imperative shift towards building collaborative networks and enhancing health sector operational readiness to mitigate the impacts of CBRN incidents.
Comparing the psychological outcomes of donor and non‐donor conceived people: A systematic review
Authors: Talbot Charlotte , Hodson Nathan , Rose Joanne , Bewley Susan
Published: June 2024

Background

Over 70 000 donor‐conceived (DC) people have been born in the UK since 1991. Little is known about their long‐term psychological outcomes and no systematic review has assessed these.

Objectives

To conduct a systematic review of the psychological experiences of DC people through childhood and adulthood (Prospero: CRD42021257863).

Search strategy

Searches of Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINHAL), the Excerpta Medica database (Embase), MEDLINE® and PsycINFO, conducted on 4 January 2024.

Selection criteria

Quantitative and qualitative studies were included if: there were five or more participants; they were peer reviewed; and any DC psychological outcomes were assessed. No limits on date, language or country were applied.

Data collection and analysis

Double screening, selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed, using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoring.

Main results

Fifty studies (with 4666 DC participants), mostly from high‐income anglophone countries, with heterogeneity of design, populations and outcome measures, were included. Of 19 comparative studies, 14 found no difference in outcomes between DC and non‐DC people, ten found better outcomes (in health, well‐being, self‐esteem and emotional warmth) and six found worse outcomes (increased autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, addiction issues, mental illness, disruptive behaviour and identity problems). Qualitative data revealed common themes relating to identity formation, mistrust and concerns regarding genetic heritage. The evidence regarding adulthood outcomes was very limited.

Conclusions

The research on DC individuals presents a nuanced picture, with most studies suggesting comparable or improved outcomes in terms of well‐being and relationships, but with a notable minority indicating higher rates of mental health and identity struggles. Qualitative findings underscore common negative experiences, whereas the early disclosure of DC status appears beneficial for psychological well‐being.
Managing falls onsite in residential aged care homes reduced hospitalisation: Mixed methods results from the Falls Outreach and Residential Mobile Assessment Team (FORMAT) pilot study
Authors: Miller Joseph , Bee Andrea , Pattison Donna , Walker Megan , Aldridge Emogene , Hackett Liam , Owen Patrick J. , Marangon‐Elliott Renee , Buntine Paul
Published: June 2024

Objective

Falls are the leading cause of hospital transfer from residential aged care homes (RACHs). However, many falls do not result in significant injury, and ageing patients are exposed to complications while hospitalised. Inreach services are designed to reduce hospital transfer by providing care, support and assessment to residents at the RACH. This study evaluated a pilot inreach program targeting ageing patients following a fall.

Methods

We conducted a prospective, mixed methods evaluation of a 5‐month (May–September 2022) pilot implementation across 108 government‐funded RACHs within a single health‐care network in Melbourne, Australia.

Results

A total of 123 residents (median [interquartile range] age: 88 [82, 94] years, female: 49%) were included in the intervention. The majority (n = 116, 94%) of residents were managed onsite and required no further investigation (n = 80, 69%) or treatment (n = 63, 54%). Among the seven residents referred to the emergency department (ED), two received hospital admission and five were transferred back to residential care. In the 7 days following referral to the intervention, four additional residents were referred to the ED and one received hospital admission. Qualitative feedback (n = 40) included specific comments relating to themes of general satisfaction (n = 20, 50%), compliments for staff (n = 16, 40%) and acknowledgement of comprehensiveness (n = 9, 23%).

Conclusions

Implementation of a specialised fall assessment team to complement an existing geriatric‐led RACH assessment service meant that a high rate of eligible residents were managed onsite, with very low need for subsequent hospitalisation. Residents, family members and caregivers expressed high rates of satisfaction with the service.
Configurational paths of entrepreneurial activity: An analysis based on the technology–organization–environment framework
Authors: Gong Xiuyuan , Li Lu , Yao Nengzhi , Guo Qiaozhe
Published: June 2024

Entrepreneurial activity is crucial for economic progress and resolving societal issues. Utilizing the technology–organization–environment (TOE) theoretical framework, this study builds a systematic model to investigate the trajectories of entrepreneurial activities across 31 provinces in China from 2019 to 2021. We employ the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method. Our analyses indicate that (1) multiple factors impact both high entrepreneurial activity and non‐high entrepreneurial activity; entrepreneurial activity is significantly different between advanced and catching‐up regions; (2) there are two types of paths that lead to high entrepreneurial activity, namely technology driven and technology–institution driven. These paths are dynamic, gradually transitioning from technology driven and technology–institution driven to industry–resource driven; and (3) non‐high entrepreneurial activity may result from poor technological infrastructure and lack of human capital. These findings elucidate the different routes through which entrepreneurial activity is generated in China and offer valuable theoretical and practical insights.
Australasian Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Clinical Management Guideline 2024 Part I
Authors: Suker Adriana , Li Ying , Robson Danielle , Marren Anthony ,   the Australasian CREI (Certificate of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility) Consensus Expert Panel on Trial Evidence (ACCEPT) group
Published: June 2024

Guidelines for the investigation and management of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) have been developed in Europe, USA and UK, but there is currently no Australasian guideline. The Australasian Certificate of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Consensus Expert Panel on Trial Evidence group has prepared a two‐part guideline to provide guidance on the management of RPL. In Part I chromosomal, anatomical, and endocrine factors are outlined along with relevant recommendations for clinical management, levels of evidence and grades of consensus. In Part II thrombophilia, autoimmune factors, infective, inflammatory, and endometrial causes, environmental and lifestyle factors, male factor and unexplained causes will be outlined.
The efficacy of online physical activity interventions with added mobile elements within adults aged 50 years and over: Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Collombon Eline H. G. M. , Bolman Catherine A. W. , de Bruijn Gert‐Jan , Peels Denise A. , Verboon Peter , Lechner Lilian
Published: June 2024

Electronic health (eHealth) and mobile health (mHealth) could stimulate physical activity (PA) in a time‐efficient and cost‐effective way. This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate effects on moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA) of different combined computer‐ and mobile‐based PA interventions targeted at adults aged 50 years and over. Participants (N = 954) were randomly allocated to a basic existing computer‐based intervention (Active Plus [AP] or I Move [IM]) supplemented with one of three mobile elements being (1) activity tracker (AT), (2) ecological momentary intervention (EMI), or (3) chatbot (CB) or a control group (CG). MVPA was assessed via the SQUASH at baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 6 months (T2) and via accelerometers at T0 and T2. No intervention effects were found on objective (p = .502) and subjective (p = .368) MVPA for main research groups (AP/IM + AT, AP/IM + EMI, AP/IM + CB). Preliminary MVPA findings for subgroups (AP + AT, AP + EMI, AP + CB, IM + AT, IM + EMI, IM + CB) combined with drop‐out data showed potential for the computer‐based intervention AP with an integrated AT. Based on these preliminary findings, eHealth developers can be recommended to integrate ATs with existing computer‐based PA interventions. However, further research is recommended to confirm the findings as a result of the exploratory nature of the subgroup analyses.
Shape variation in the snapping claw of Alpheus Fabricius, 1898 (Decapoda: Alpheidae): A geometric morphometrics approach
Authors: Nascimento Whandenson M. , Almeida Alexandre O. , Pinheiro Allysson P.
Published: June 2024

The evolutionary success of the Alpheus snapping shrimps is linked to their snapping claws, which were considered the key innovation in the evolution of these shrimps. However, many aspects of the evolution of snapping claws remain unknown. We evaluate the degree of intra‐ and interspecific variation in the shape of the snapping claw in different snapping shrimp Alpheus species. For this, we used a geometric morphometric tool. We investigated the variation in snapping claw shape from two perspectives — interspecific variation and sexual shape dimorphism — in three species: Alpheus angulosus, A. carlae, and A. estuariensis, from three locations along the southern coast of Bahia state in northeastern Brazil. Our results revealed interspecific variation in the shape of the snapping claw among A. angulosus, A. carlae, and A. estuariensis. In addition, sexual shape dimorphism was confirmed in A. angulosus and A. carlae. However, in A. estuariensis, our results reveal sexual monomorphism in the snapping claw. Our findings highlight the importance of considering both ecological context and phylogenetic relationships when analysing the morphology of the snapping claw in Alpheus snapping shrimps. We suggest further investigations to better understand the interspecific variation and sexual dimorphism in snapping claws and their implications for the evolutionary history of these shrimps.
Intrusive thoughts and memories in adolescents with major depressive disorder or post‐traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Kralj Aleksandra , Payne Alexandra , Holzhauer‐Conti Olivia , Young Judith , Meiser‐Stedman Richard
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Research in adults suggests that intrusive memories and intrusive thoughts (often referred to as intrusive cognitions) are common in members of the general population and are often seen in clinical disorders. However, little is known about the experience of intrusive cognitions in adolescents, particularly in adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present study sought to gather fundamental data on these phenomena (i.e., frequency, characteristics and appraisals of intrusive cognitions) in adolescents with MDD and PTSD.

Methods

Adolescents aged 11–18 with MDD (n = 11), PTSD (n = 13) and a non‐clinical control group (n = 25) completed structured interviews concerning their intrusive memories and thoughts.

Results

Intrusive thoughts were common in all three groups but were particularly frequently experienced in the MDD group. Intrusive memories were expectedly very common in the PTSD group but also experienced by over half of the adolescents with MDD. Both clinical groups reported more negative emotions in response to their intrusive thoughts or memories and appraised these cognitions more negatively than the non‐clinical group.

Conclusion

Intrusive memories and thoughts are common experiences in adolescents with MDD and PTSD. Emotions and appraisals relating to these cognitions may be targets for psychological intervention in this age group. However, small sample sizes limit the conclusions that can be drawn. Replication is needed with larger numbers of clinical participants.
Relevance of repeated analyses of albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate in African children with sickle cell anaemia
Authors: Nkoy Agathe B. , Mumaka Floreen M. , Ngonde Ange , Mafumba Samuel K. , Matoka Therance T. , Kitenge Robert , Talu Flore M. , Nkolomoni Blaise , Tshilolo Léon , van den Heuvel Lambertus P. , Ekulu Pépé M. , Levtchenko Elena N. , Labarque Veerle
Published: June 2024

Glomerular hyperfiltration and albuminuria are frequent kidney abnormalities in children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA). However, little is known about their persistence in African SCA children. This prospective study included 600 steady‐state SCA children aged 2–18 years from the Democratic Republic of Congo. Participants were genotyped for apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) risk variants (RVs) and haem oxygenase‐1 (HMOX1) GT‐dinucleotide repeats. Kidney abnormalities were defined as albuminuria, hyperfiltration or decreased estimated creatinine‐based glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcr). At baseline, 247/600 (41.2%) participants presented with kidney abnormalities: 82/592 (13.8%) with albuminuria, 184/587 (31.3%) with hyperfiltration and 15/587 (2.6%) with decreased eGFRcr. After a median follow‐up of 5 months, repeated testing was performed in 180/247 (72.9%) available participants. Persistent hyperfiltration and persistent albuminuria (PA) were present in 29.2% (38/130) and 39.7% (23/58) respectively. eGFR normalized in all participants with a baseline decreased eGFRcr. Haemoglobinuria (p = 0.017) and male gender (p = 0.047) were significantly associated with PA and persistent hyperfiltration respectively. APOL1 RVs (G1G1/G2G2/G1G2) were borderline associated with PA (p = 0.075), while HMOX1 long repeat was not associated with any persistent kidney abnormality. This study reveals that a single screening can overestimate the rate of kidney abnormalities in children with SCA and could lead to overtreatment.
Histone deacetylase inhibition mitigates cognitive deficits and astrocyte dysfunction induced by amyloid‐β (Aβ) oligomers
Authors: Diniz Luan Pereira , Morgado Juliana , Bergamo Araujo Ana Paula , da Silva Antônio Leticia Maria , Mota‐Araujo Hannah Paola , de Sena Murteira Pinheiro Pedro , Sagrillo Fernanda Savacini , Cesar Gabriele Vargas , Ferreira Sérgio T. , Figueiredo Cláudia Pinto , Manssour Fraga Carlos Alberto , Gomes Flávia Carvalho Alcantara
Published: June 2024

Background and Purpose

Inhibitors of histone deacetylases (iHDACs) are promising drugs for neurodegenerative diseases. We have evaluated the therapeutic potential of the new iHDAC LASSBio‐1911 in Aβ oligomer (AβO) toxicity models and astrocytes, key players in neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Experimental Approach

Astrocyte phenotype and synapse density were evaluated by flow cytometry, Western blotting, immunofluorescence and qPCR, in vitro and in mice. Cognitive function was evaluated by behavioural assays using a mouse model of intracerebroventricular infusion of AβO.

Key Results

LASSBio‐1911 modulates reactivity and synaptogenic potential of cultured astrocytes and improves synaptic markers in cultured neurons and in mice. It prevents AβO‐triggered astrocytic reactivity in mice and enhances the neuroprotective potential of astrocytes. LASSBio‐1911 improves behavioural performance and rescues synaptic and memory function in AβO‐infused mice.

Conclusion and Implications

These results contribute to unveiling the mechanisms underlying astrocyte role in AD and provide the rationale for using astrocytes as targets to new drugs for AD.
Using ChatGPT for Kidney Transplantation: Perceived Information Quality by Race and Education Levels
Authors: Lee Jihye , Park Jeeyun , Han Hwarang Stephen
Published: June 2024

Background

Kidney transplantation is a complex process requiring extensive preparation and ongoing monitoring. Artificial intelligence (AI)‐powered chatbots hold potential for providing accessible health information, but our understanding of their role in offering health advice for kidney transplantation and how individuals assess such advice remains limited. This study investigates how individuals evaluate ChatGPT's responses to kidney transplantation questions in terms of information quality and empathy, focusing on potential differences across race/ethnicity and educational backgrounds.

Methods

We collected Reddit posts (N = 4624) regarding kidney transplantation and selected 86 questions to represent typical clinician inquiries. These questions were used as input prompts for ChatGPT. A total of 565 participants assessed ChatGPT's responses through online surveys, rating information quality and empathy using Likert scales.

Results

Multilevel analyses (N = 2825) show that there is a significant interaction between race/ethnicity and education levels in various measures related to perceived information quality, but not perceived empathy of ChatGPT's responses: accuracy (p < 0.05); authenticity (p < 0.01); believability (p < 0.05); informativeness (p = 0.053); usefulness (p < 0.05); recognizing users’ feelings (p = 0.70) and understanding feelings and situations (p = 0.65). Among non‐White individuals, higher education levels predicted higher perceived quality of ChatGPT's responses across all information quality measures. Notably, this trend was reversed for White individuals, where higher education levels led to lower perceived information quality.

Conclusions

Our results highlight the importance of developing AI tools sensitive to diverse communication styles and information needs.