bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Growth Rate and Yield Performance of Five Cultivars of Gorgak Melons (Cucumis melo L.) using Morphological Traits in Sar-e-Pol Province, Afghanistan
Authors: Adel Mohammad Arif , Emran Sayed Esmail , Esari Mohammad Belal
Published: October 2024

‌Background: Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is the genetically most diverse and the economically most important species of the genus Cucumis grown around the globe. The species occupies the third world rank of production quantity. Melons demonstrate high morphological and phonological polymorphisms in a flower type and leaf shape, plant growth habits, and fruits morphology traits i.e., fruit size, fruit shape, fruit texture, fruit color, and fruit flavor. The Afghani melon has a great reputation in local and regional markets and meets the majority of consumers desires. In Sar-e Pol province of Afghanistan, a particular of melon, the Gorgak melons, are widely grown for commercial purposes. The cultivation of the Gorgaks in dry and semi-dry regions has a better production by high quality and quantity. Materials and Methods: The experiment was carried out in Gangalbagh Research Station of Sar-e Pol province employing a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications. Findings: Gorgak cultivars demonstrated the highest morphological, growth and yield diversity, mainly for fruit traits. The diversity may be attributing mostly to positive or negative selection. Based on observation it is known that the stem color (RHS 143B), number of mean stem, number of lateral stems, stem length, bio products, germination percentage and 50 % germination there were no significant differences between cultivars. Gorgak safeed derived stem color characters from Gorgak seya and Gorgak sabz derived from Gorgak ablaq. Adjacent ranges can undergo shifts, in color due to factors, such as fluctuations, in light intensity or the absence of specific nutrients. Conclusion: Gorgaks have different phenotypic characters from each other on different morphological characters.  Gorgak seya, Gorgak sabz and Gorgak ablaq exhibits diversity with its characters displaying a remarkable level of stability.
Effects of Babesiosis on Blood Hematological and Biochemical Parameters of Cows
Authors: Kadwal Mohammad Hamid , Faizee Najeebullah , Memlawal Redwanullah , Rahmani Mohammad Malyar
Published: October 2024

‌Background: Babesiosis is a life-threatening disease caused by a parasite of the Babesia spp., This infects and destroys the Red blood cells. The disease is transmitted mainly by ticks which become infected by feeding on infected cows. The animals will face certain death if the disease is not properly treated on time. Due to this disease the livestock industry suffers many problems and has faced many challenges and losses. The objective of the current study is to find out the effect of hematological and biochemical parameters of babesiosis on cow blood. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out in the summer season of Nangarhar province. A total of 30 cows of Watani and 30 cows of Crossbred were selected. The cows were then divided into 15 babesia- infected and 15 healthy cows as controlled groups for both breeds. The sample for blood was collected from the jugular vein of animals using an EDTA tube which contains 2ml of blood for biochemical test. Findings: The obtained results showed that hematological parameters such as Red blood cells and Hemoglobin in Watani and Crossbred cows were significantly decreased (P≤0.05) in babesia-infected cows than healthy controlled group. While the number of White blood cells was significantly higher (P≤0.05) in babesia- infected cows. In the case of biochemical parameters, the amounts of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) both in Watani and Crossbred cows were significantly higher (P≤0.05) in babesia- infected cows. Conclusion: This study concluded that the amount of total protein was significantly decreased (p≤0.05). The amount of cholesterol remained significantly higher. Both hematological and biochemical parameters were significantly different in babesia-infected cows than in controlled healthy cows in the present study.
Small Intestinal Toxicity Induced by Imidacloprid in Rats and The Protective Role of Berberine and Resveratrol
Authors: Jado Mohammed Adnan , Kalender Yusuf
Published: October 2024

Imidacloprid is one of the insecticides in the neonicotinoid group. Resveratrol and berberine are powerful antioxidants known to alleviate the adverse effects of toxicity caused by oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential toxic effects of imidacloprid in the small intestinal tissues of rats and the protective effects of berberine and resveratrol against these effects. In the study, rats were divided into 7 groups. The groups were as follows: control group, resveratrol (20 mg/kg), berberine (100 mg/kg), imidacloprid (9 mg/kg.), imidacloprid plus resveratrol, imidacloprid plus berberine, imidacloprid plus resveratrol plus berberine. Test compounds were administered to rats by gavage for 28 days. At the end of the experimental period, antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GST, and GPx) and MDA levels were evaluated in small intestinal tissues obtained from rats. At the end of the 28-day treatment period, it was determined that MDA level increased and antioxidant enzyme activities decreased in the intestinal tissue of rats treated with imidacloprid. However, when imidacloprid plus resveratrol plus berberberine treated group, imidacloprid plus resveratrol treated group and imidacloprid plus berberine treated group were compared with imidocloprid group, a significant decrease in MDA level and a significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activities were observed. Histological findings support the protective properties of resveratrol and berberine. The results of this study showed that berberine and resveratrol, which were administered to prevent damage caused by imidacloprid in the small intestine tissue of rats, showed a positive effect and improved the studied parameters.
Cytogenetic analysis of 2554 samples of the products of conception from early reproductive losses
Authors: Tkach I. R. , Huleyuk N. L. , Zastavna D. V. , Bezkorovaina G. M. , Helner N. V. , Benko O. V.
Published: October 2024

Aim. Early pregnancy losses (EPL), to some extent, can be considered a mechanism of natural selection that prevents the development of defective fetuses, since it is believed that even up to 80 % of the causes have genetic disorders. Among the genetic factors of EPL karyotype disorders should be included first of all. Overall, up to 50 % of early miscarriages are caused by karyotype abnormalities. The purpose of this study was studied the contribution of chromosomal abnormalities to the genesis of EPL. Methods. Banding cytogenetic and interphase mFISH with the centromeric probe panel for chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, X and Y were used. Results. Were examined 2554 cases of material of early reproductive loss. A normal karyotype was established in 1638 cases (64.1 %), and a pathological karyotype in 916 (35.9 %). Karyotype abnormalities are as follows: autosomal aneuploidy – 478 (52.2 %), polyploidy – 256 (27.9 %), gonosomal aneuploidy – 182 (19.9 %). Conclusions. Among autosomal aneuploidies prevailed trisomy 16 (26.9 %), among polyploidy – triploidy (24.6 %) and among gonosomal aneuploidy – monosomy X (18.4 %).
Catherine Pozzi et Mireille Havet, prosatrices de l’intime dans la France de l’entre-deux-guerres
Authors: Simonet-Tenant Françoise
Published: October 2024

Si l’on examine la réception faite des romans et récits des écrivaines françaises de l’entre-deux-guerres (1919-1939) dans les années mêmes de leur publication, une réaction est récurrente : les lecteurs et critiques contemporains (hommes et femmes confondus) trouvent que les femmes publient beaucoup de récits autobiographiques. Cette production est-elle un creuset de l’expression de l’intime ? Si le substrat existentiel est très présent dans les écritures de femmes, l’écriture de soi se pratique-t-elle à visage découvert ? Nous nous interrogeons sur les diverses configurations de l’intime que dessinent les textes de Mireille Havet et de Catherine Pozzi, récits autobiographiques et journaux personnels. Les récits Carnaval (Havet) et Agnès (Pozzi) s’inscrivent dans un horizon d’attente qui correspond à l’air du temps et mettent en place des stratégies de filtrage de l’intime. Dans leurs journaux, les auteures tentent de construire, plus que des images de soi, une relation à soi. La différence du traitement de l’intime dans les récits et les journaux influence la réception qu’en fait le lecteur et joue un rôle dans le degré d’obsolescence du texte.
L’intime dans les interstices de la confrontation et du silence. Réflexions sur l’éthos amical dans la correspondance de Jeanne Lapointe1
Authors: Bédard Mylène
Published: October 2024

Si, étymologiquement, le mot « intime » signifie « ce qu’il y a de plus intérieur », son évolution sémantique le conduit progressivement à caractériser des relations de grande proximité et des écrits personnels rédigés pour soi ou pour un cercle très restreint, ce qui fait de l’intime une réalité fuyante, parfois insaisissable, en raison des enjeux relatifs à la confidentialité et à la complicité des individus. Les lettres intimes peuvent en effet être allusives au point de paraître cryptées pour un tiers, puisqu’elles reposent sur la connaissance préalable du destinataire, capable de percer les silences. Comment rendre compte de l’intime lorsque celui-ci se dérobe, ne se manifeste ni par la confession ni par la confidence, ni même par un discours sur soi ? Pour penser l’éthos intime de l’écrivain, le cas de Jeanne Lapointe (1915-2006) s’impose en raison de l’éthique singulière de l’amitié qui caractérise sa correspondance avec des écrivaines et journalistes telles que Gabrielle Roy, Marie-Claire Blais, Béatrix Beck, Judith Jasmin, et qui se fonde sur une résistance à la confidence intime et sur une propension au débat d’idées, voire au dissensus.
Du poème au journal. Espoir et « tragique quotidien » chez Marie Uguay
Authors: Chevalier Élisabeth
Published: October 2024

Cet article étudie l’éthos poétique et l’éthos diaristique chez Marie Uguay, dont l’oeuvre poétique est marquée par l’engagement du sujet dans le monde et dans l’instant, ainsi que par une approche intime de l’écriture. Vouée à l’évanescence, ou à une solitude essentielle, la parole dans les poèmes de Marie Uguay cherche l’expression juste et forge un éthos avide du monde, fondé sur l’espoir. Moins astreint à un impératif d’exactitude qu’à celui de la lucidité, son journal (2005, posthume) rend compte de l’impossibilité d’écrire de la poésie dans les circonstances de la maladie et la proximité de la mort. Il dit la traversée du temps dans la solitude, les jours sereins, portés par la vie, comme les jours plus sombres. C’est donc un éthos tragique qui se dégage de ce journal tenu pendant quatre années et dont la rédaction, moyen de résistance qui ne cesse d’affirmer la vie dans le langage, est interrompue par la mort.
Modeling the thermo-mechanical response and phase changes in metallic additive manufacturing (MAM) processes using a dissipative phase-field model
Authors: Darabi Roya , Azinpour Erfan , Reis Ana , Cesar de Sa Jose
Published: October 2024

Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a highly promising manufacturing technique, offering unprecedented possibilities for creating complex geometries and functional structures. However, harnessing the full potential of AM requires the development of a robust computational framework capable of capturing the intricate multi-scale and multi-physics nature of the process. The constitutive and structural responses encountered in AM are particularly challenging to reproduce due to the complex behavior of the material involved. This research aims to address these challenges by presenting a comprehensive computational approach that incorporates a material model capable of accurately representing the behavior of different phases occurring during AM. To achieve this, the finite element method, using the Lagrangian framework in the implicit time scheme, is employed through the widely adopted ABAQUS software. Computational implementation is facilitated using the FORTRAN programming language. By employing weakly coupled thermal and mechanical constitutive equations, the framework enables the analysis of thermal stresses, strains, and displacements during realistic solidification processes, which inherently involve highly nonlinear constitutive relations. Through a series of numerical examples, the capabilities of the proposed model are demonstrated across various computational scales, particularly during the rapid melting and solidification phases. These simulations reveal the formation of residual stresses, which can lead to part distortion and have detrimental effects on the mechanical properties of the manufactured components. This research contributes to the advancement of additive manufacturing by providing a reliable computational tool that integrates the complex interplay between thermal and mechanical phenomena. The developed framework enhances our understanding of the AM process, offering valuable insights into the factors influencing the structural integrity and performance of additively manufactured parts.
A universal convolutional neural network for the pixel-level detection and monitoring of weld beads
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Kayitmazbatir Metin , Banu Mihaela
Published: October 2024

In weld-based manufacturing processes such as welding and metal deposition additive manufacturing (AM), the weld bead is a direct indicator of manufacturing quality. For example, the geometry of the weld bead was optimized to a net shape which outperformed conventional geometries. Automatic monitoring of weld bead is thus of prime importance for welding process control and quality assurance. This paper develops a general-purpose convolutional neural network (CNN) for pixel-level detection and monitoring of beads, regardless of welding materials, machine, manufacturing conditions, etc. To achieve the generality, we collected a great variety of welding images containing 2677 single-line beads from 231 research articles, followed by pixel-wise hand-annotation. Consequently, the trained CNN can recognize different beads from various backgrounds at a pixel level. Case studies show that compared to the image-level classification in prior research, its pixel-level labeling permits real-time, complete characterization of weld beads (e.g., detailed morphology, discontinuity, spatter, and uniformity) for more informed process control. This research represents a significant step towards developing a truly human-like monitoring system with low-level scene understanding ability and general applicability.
Human Brain Ancestral Barcodes
Authors: Shibata Darryl
Published: October 2024

Dynamic CpG methylation “barcodes” were read from 15,000 to 21,000 single cells from three human male brains. To overcome sparse sequencing coverage, the barcode had ∼31,000 rapidly fluctuating X-chromosome CpG sites (fCpGs), with at least 500 covered sites per cell and at least 30 common sites between cell pairs (average of ∼48). Barcodes appear to start methylated and record mitotic ages because excitatory neurons and glial cells that emerge later in development were less methylated. Barcodes are different between most cells, with average pairwise differences (PWDs) of ∼0.5 between cells. About 10 cell pairs per million were more closely related with PWDs < 0.05. Barcodes appear to record ancestry and reconstruct trees where more related cells had similar phenotypes, albeit some pairs had phenotypic differences. Inhibitory neurons showed more evidence of tangential migration than excitatory neurons, with related cells in different cortical regions. fCpG barcodes become polymorphic during development and can distinguish between thousands of human cells.
Pharyngeal neuronal mechanisms governing sour taste perception in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Shrestha Bhanu , Sang Jiun , Rimal Suman , Lee Youngseok
Published: October 2024

Sour taste, which is elicited by low pH, may serve to help animals distinguish appetitive from potentially harmful food sources. In all species studied to date, the attractiveness of oral acids is contingent on concentration. Many carboxylic acids are attractive at ecologically relevant concentrations but become aversive beyond some maximal concentration. Recent work found that Drosophila ionotropic receptors IR25a and IR76b expressed by sweet-responsive gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) in the labellum, a peripheral gustatory organ, mediate appetitive feeding behaviors toward dilute carboxylic acids. Here, we disclose the existence of pharyngeal sensors in Drosophila melanogaster that detect ingested carboxylic acids and are also involved in the appetitive responses to carboxylic acids. These pharyngeal sensors rely on IR51b, IR94a, and IR94h, together with IR25a and IR76b, to drive responses to carboxylic acids. We then demonstrate that optogenetic activation of either Ir94a+ or Ir94h+ GRNs promotes an appetitive feeding response, confirming their contributions to appetitive feeding behavior. Our discovery of internal pharyngeal sour taste receptors opens up new avenues for investigating the internal sensation of tastants in insects.
Pharyngeal neuronal mechanisms governing sour taste perception in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Shrestha Bhanu , Sang Jiun , Rimal Suman , Lee Youngseok
Published: October 2024

Sour taste, which is elicited by low pH, may serve to help animals distinguish appetitive from potentially harmful food sources. In all species studied to date, the attractiveness of oral acids is contingent on concentration. Many carboxylic acids are attractive at ecologically relevant concentrations but become aversive beyond some maximal concentration. Recent work found that
Drosophila
ionotropic receptors IR25a and IR76b expressed by sweet-responsive gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) in the labellum, a peripheral gustatory organ, mediate appetitive feeding behaviors toward dilute carboxylic acids. Here, we disclose the existence of pharyngeal sensors in
D. melanogaster
that detect ingested carboxylic acids and are also involved in the appetitive responses to carboxylic acids. These pharyngeal sensors rely on IR51b, IR94a, and IR94h, together with IR25a and IR76b, to drive responses to carboxylic acids. We then demonstrate that optogenetic activation of either
Ir94a
+
or
Ir94h
+
GRNs promotes an appetitive feeding response, confirming their contributions to appetitive feeding behavior. Our discovery of internal pharyngeal sour taste receptors opens up new avenues for investigating the internal sensation of tastants in insects.
Conservation of the cooling agent binding pocket within the TRPM subfamily
Authors: Huffer Kate , Denley Matthew CS , Oskoui Elisabeth V , Swartz Kenton J
Published: October 2024

Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are a large and diverse family of tetrameric cation selective channels that are activated by many different types of stimuli, including noxious heat or cold, organic ligands such as vanilloids or cooling agents, or intracellular Ca
2+
. Structures available for all subtypes of TRP channels reveal that the transmembrane domains are closely related despite their unique sensitivity to activating stimuli. Here we use computational and electrophysiological approaches to explore the conservation of the cooling agent binding pocket identified within the S1-S4 domain of the Melastatin subfamily member TRPM8, the mammalian sensor of noxious cold, with other TRPM channel subtypes. We find that a subset of TRPM channels, including TRPM2, TRPM4 and TRPM5, contain pockets very similar to the cooling agent binding pocket in TRPM8. We then show how the cooling agent icilin modulates activation of TRPM4 to intracellular Ca
2+
, enhancing the sensitivity of the channel to Ca
2+
and diminishing outward-rectification to promote opening at negative voltages. Mutations known to promote or diminish activation of TRPM8 by cooling agents similarly alter activation of TRPM4 by icilin, suggesting that icilin binds to the cooling agent binding pocket to promote opening of the channel. These findings demonstrate that TRPM4 and TRPM8 channels share related ligand binding pockets that are allosterically coupled to opening of the pore.
Understanding hate speech: the HateInsights dataset and model interpretability
Authors: Arshad Muhammad Umair , Shahzad Waseem
Published: October 2024

The persistence of hate speech continues to pose an obstacle in the realm of online social media. Despite the continuous evolution of advanced models for identifying hate speech, the critical dimensions of interpretability and explainability have not received proportional scholarly attention. In this article, we introduce the HateInsights dataset, a groundbreaking benchmark in the field of hate speech datasets, encompassing diverse aspects of this widespread issue. Within our dataset, each individual post undergoes thorough annotation from dual perspectives: firstly, conforming to the established 3-class classification paradigm that includes hate speech, offensive language, and normal discourse; secondly, incorporating rationales that outline specific segments of a post supporting the assigned label (categorized as hate speech, offensive language, or normal discourse). Our exploration yields a significant finding by harnessing cutting-edge state-of-the-art models: even models demonstrating exceptional proficiency in classification tasks yield suboptimal outcomes in crucial explainability metrics, such as model plausibility and faithfulness. Furthermore, our analysis underscores a promising revelation concerning models trained using human-annotated rationales. To facilitate scholarly progress in this realm, we have made both our dataset and codebase accessible to fellow researchers. This initiative aims to encourage collaborative involvement and inspire the advancement of the hate speech detection approach characterized by increased transparency, clarity, and fairness.
Canine companionship as a resilience factor: a quantitative inquiry into the impact of pet ownership on burnout mitigation among radiologists and radiographers
Authors: Sipos Dávid , Jenei Timea , Pandur Attila , Ferkai Luca Anna , Deutsch Krisztina , Kovács Arpad , Csima Melinda
Published: October 2024

Background

The demanding nature of diagnostic imaging, coupled with the increasing workload and exposure to high-stress scenarios, underscores the pressing concern of burnout among radiologists and radiographers in modern healthcare settings. The objective was to investigate the interplay between family characteristics, workplace characteristics, pet ownership, and the occurrence of burnout.

Methods

An online, quantitative, cross-sectional study with a non-random, purposive sampling method was carried out among Hungarian radiologists and radiographers from 1st of September to 1st of November 2022.

Results

We examined the results of 406 responses predominantly from females (79.8%, n = 324), including 70.7% radiographers (n = 287). Cronbach’s alpha values for depersonalization (DP), emotional exhaustion (EE), and personal accomplishment (PA) were 0.74, 0.88, and 0.85, respectively. Average burnout scores were 8.35 (SD = 6.62) for DP, 26.26 (SD = 12.74) for EE, and 32.86 (SD = 9.52) for PA. DP demonstrated a balanced distribution (low: 35.7%, moderate: 27.3%, high: 36.9%). Conversely, EE and PA skewed towards high levels, with 52.5% (n = 213) and 49.5% (n = 201). Significant associations were found between gender and DP (p = 0.006), age (31–40 years) and DP/PA (p < 0.001; p = 0.004), absence of children and all burnout dimensions (p < 0.05), and pet ownership (p = 0.004) with lower EE, particularly for dog owners (p = 0.009). Occupation lacked a significant effect on burnout dimensions (p > 0.05). Employees without a second job had higher EE (p = 0.002) and lower PA (p = 0.008). Increasing healthcare experience correlated with decreased DP values (p = 0.001), while working over 40 h weekly negatively impacted all burnout dimensions (p ≤ 0.05). 15.5% (n = 63) exhibited signs of high burnout, with the age group 31–40 demonstrating the highest proportion (25.4%, n = 27) and significant associations with marital status, absence of children, pet ownership, private healthcare, 10–19 years in healthcare, and working over 40 h weekly.

Conclusions

There is a pressing need for evidence-based strategies to alleviate burnout among radiologists and radiographers. There is a growing importance of recognizing the role of pets, especially dogs, as valuable companions for emotional support and stress relief. Implementing pet-friendly policies or therapy programs can contribute to a positive and supportive workplace, potentially mitigating burnout among essential frontline healthcare professionals.
Identification of 10 differentially expressed genes involved in the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer via next-generation sequencing
Authors: Xu Jia , Yang Wen , Xie Xiufeng , Gu Chenglei , Zhao Luyang , Liu Feng , Zhang Nina , Bai Yuge , Liu Dan , Liu Hainan , Jin Xiangshu , Meng Yuanguang
Published: October 2024

Background

The incidence and mortality of cervical cancer remain high in female malignant tumors worldwide. There is still a lack of diagnostic and prognostic markers for cervical carcinoma. This study aimed to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and cervical cancer tissues to identify candidate genes for further research.

Methods

Uterine cervical specimens were resected from our clinical patients after radical hysterectomy. Three patients’ transcriptomic datasets were built by the next generation sequencing (NGS) results. DEGs were selected through the edgeR and DESeq2 packages in the R environment. Functional enrichment analysis, including GO/DisGeNET/KEGG/Reactome enrichment analysis, was performed. Normal and cervical cancer tissue data from the public databases TCGA and GTEx were collected to compare the expression levels of 10 selected DEGs in tumor and normal tissues. ROC curve and survival analysis were performed to compare the diagnostic and prognostic values of each gene. The expression levels of candidate genes were verified in 15 paired clinical specimens via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results

There were 875 up-regulated and 1,482 down-regulated genes in cervical cancer samples compared with the paired adjacent normal cervical tissues according to the NGS analysis. The top 10 DEGs included APOD, MASP1, ACKR1, C1QTNF7, SFRP4, HSPB6, GSTM5, IGFBP6, F10 and DCN. GO, DisGeNET and Reactome analyses revealed that the DEGs were related to extracellular matrix and angiogenesis which might influence tumorigenesis. KEGG enrichment showed that PI3K-Akt signaling pathway might be involved in cervical cancer tumorigenesis and progression. The expression levels of selected genes were decreased in tumors in both the public database and our experimental clinical specimens. All the candidate genes showed excellent diagnostic value, and the AUC values exceeded 0.90. Additionally, APOD, ACKR1 and SFRP4 expression levels could help predict the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer.

Conclusions

In this study, we selected the top 10 DEGs which were down-regulated in cervical cancer tissues. All of them had dramatically diagnostic value. APOD, ACKR1 and SFRP4 were associated with the survivals of cervical cancer. C1QTNF7, HSPB6, GSTM5, IGFBP6 and F10 were first reported to be candidate genes of cervical carcinoma.
100 ANOS DE BAMBI:
Authors: BARROS Lúcia
Published: October 2024

A comemoração de centenários de autores ou obras consagradas constitui uma oportunidade para desenvolver percursos de leitura literária junto dos principais mediadores de leitura. Neste artigo, tendo por base o clássico de Félix Salten, Bambi uma vida nos bosques, refletiremos sobre o lugar da educação literária na formação inicial e contínua de professores, e na prossecução de diretrizes governamentais. Partindo da experiência, apresentaremos potencialidades da obra no desenvolvimento de projetos de leitura transversais ao currículo e algumas estratégias experimentadas, o que nos permitirá compreender o impacto deste trabalho ao nível do conhecimento de clássicos da literatura, do desenvolvimento da consciência ambiental e da alteridade, da intertextualidade, da transversalidade curricular da literatura, ou do desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico e criativo.
FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DO PROFESSOR MEDIADOR DE LEITURA LITERÁRIA
Authors: Tarachuk Daiana Lima , Azevedo Fernando , Dalla-Bona Elisa Maria
Published: October 2024

Para potencializar a formação do leitor em início de escolarização, exige-se do professor-mediador de leitura literária o domínio de um conjunto complexo de saberes que contemplam conhecimentos teóricos, didáticos e metodológicos, bem como ser um leitor com repertório variado. Com isso, a partir de uma revisão de literatura, para este artigo definiu-se como objetivo traçar um paralelo entre duas pesquisas, Saldanha (Brasil, 2018) e Pinto (Portugal, 2020), que apresentam um panorama geral sobre a formação inicial de professores que atuarão como mediadores de leitura literária nos anos iniciais da educação básica. Essas pesquisas constataram a necessidade de oferta de disciplinas obrigatórias nos cursos de licenciatura que fomentem o hábito leitor do professor e alicercem a sua formação teórica e didático-metodológica.
ADOECIMENTO E MORTE EM LIVROS INFANTIS SOBRE A COVID-19
Authors: Silveira Rosa Maria Hessel , Melo Camila Alves de
Published: October 2024

A pandemia de covid-19 foi bastante tematizada em livros para crianças, alguns utilizando elementos ficcionais ou literários. Inspiradas em estudos sobre doença e morte na literatura infantojuvenil (LIJ), reunimos 50 obras infantis sobre a pandemia para analisar a forma verbal e imagética como emergem os temas fraturantes do adoecimento e da morte. Revelou-se a escassez de referências ao tema ou a presença de menções generalizantes. Em poucas obras, um personagem adoece e, somente em uma, há uma exploração mais detida da morte de um familiar. Em apenas 9 obras há imagens que remetem ao adoecimento, com a representação do doente na ‘cama hospitalar’. Observou-se a tendência de ‘esconder’ aspectos espinhosos do adoecimento, como já apontado em outros estudos sobre doença na LIJ, assim como se verificou a ausência de recursos metafóricos ou alegóricos para sua abordagem.
BIBLIOTECA ESCOLAR E AMBULANTE
Authors: Eridan da Silva Santos Maria , Lúcia Pessoa Sampaio Maria , Gláudia da Conceição Soares Bezerra Keutre , Gláudia da Conceição Soares Bezerra Keutre
Published: October 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre a mediação de leitura enquanto instrumento profícuo na formação de leitores nos anos iniciais da Educação Básica. Tem como objetivo analisar as atividades de formação leitora realizadas por meio da parceria entre o Programa de extensão universitária Biblioteca Ambulante e Literatura nas Escolas (BALE) e a biblioteca de uma escola pública da cidade de Pau dos Ferros/RN, na perspectiva de formar e autoformar leitores. A metodologia está pautada na abordagem qualitativia, usando o questionário e a entrevista coletiva como técnicas para gerar o corpus de análise, a partir do qual foi possível a construção do conhecimento. A análise dos dados revelou que a parceria entre o BALE e a biblioteca da escola trouxe mudanças significativas na relação das crianças com a leitura, que foram percebidas na familia, na escola e no contexto social.
O PAPEL DA PROFESSORA NA MEDIAÇÃO LITERÁRIA COM OS BEBÊS
Authors: Heinig Otilia Lizete de Oliveira Martins , Rosa Luciane Oliveira da , Rodrigues Eloisa Muriely de Sousa Rodrigues
Published: October 2024

O desenvolvimento de projeto de literatura com os bebês é o foco deste artigo cujo objetivo é discutir o papel da professora na mediação literária. São discutidos aspectos como: mediação literária; relações entre bebês e livros; a experiência. É uma pesquisa-ação com a metodologia dos projetos de letramento. A análise das práticas parte do relato de experiências com utilização de imagens dos ambientes e materiais literários. Conclui-se que há conhecimentos e habilidades que a professora precisa desenvolver para que ocorra a mediação literária como nutrição nos primeiros anos de vida da criança: conhecer a literatura infantil e práticas de mediação literária; reconhecer a importância da preparação de ambientes estéticos; disponibilizar tempo, espaço, materiais e livros; observar os interesses dos bebês, registrar e avaliar as ações.
LEITURA LITERÁRIA NA CONSTITUIÇÃO DO SUJEITO E NA FORMAÇÃO
Authors: Soares de Brito Rodrigo , Moretto Milena
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo, resultado de uma pesquisa de mestrado, discute a leitura no processo de constituição e formação docente. Fundamentando-se na perspectiva enunciativo-discursiva e tomando a leitura como prática social dialógica, tem como objetivo compreender quais discursos sobre leitura emergem das vozes dos professores e como essas leituras vão constituindo e auxiliando no seu processo formativo. A investigação teve como instrumento de produção de dados as entrevistas narrativas de quatro professoras da educação básica da Rede Municipal de Itatiba, São Paulo. Os resultados indicam que as professoras apontam leituras de diversos gêneros​,​ que contribuíram para a constituição e formação docente, mas, curiosamente, não fazem referência à leitura literária como possibilidade formativa e/ou como recurso para o trabalho na formação de leitores.
CONSTITUIÇÃO DO PROFESSOR-LEITOR-MEDIADOR DAS ESCOLAS DA REDE MUNICIPAL DE FELIZ/RS
Authors: Feltes Alves Karina , Alves Izandra
Published: October 2024

Este estudo é resultado de uma pesquisa demandada pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Feliz/RS, tendo em vista a desmotivação crescente dos estudantes pela leitura, especialmente literária. Objetivou-se mapear o perfil do professor-leitor-mediador da rede e verificar em que medida sua constituição interfere em sua prática pedagógica. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa que não exclui dados quantitativos surgidos durante o processo, realizada no ano pandêmico de 2021, obtidos a partir de dois questionários aplicados a docentes da Educação Infantil e do Ensino Fundamental da referida rede de ensino. Foi possível estabelecer relações entre a formação leitora e a mediação de leitura, reverberando um processo reflexivo sobre práticas de mediação de leitura de maneira a contribuir com a formação de alunos leitores, críticos e humanizados.
QUANDO OS PROFESSORES FALAM…:
Authors: Costa Paulo , Moreira Ana
Published: October 2024

Considerando a relevância do domínio Educação Literária (EL) no atual contexto educativo em Portugal, esta investigação, estudo de caso inscrito no paradigma interpretativo, tem como objetivo geral refletir sobre possíveis configurações do domínio da Educação Literária no 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB). Com foco no discurso oficial, procedemos à análise documental de textos normativos e orientadores (Plano Nacional de Leitura/Rede de Bibliotecas Escolares). Com foco no discurso dos professores de 1º CEB, recorremos a entrevistas semiestruturadas e focus group. Apesar do reconhecimento da importância de apostar em práticas promotoras de EL, o discurso dos professores aponta para um longo caminho a trilhar, com uma aposta consistente em formação docente promotora da capacidade para potenciar recursos e fundamentar práticas inovadoras.
ALHEIAS E NOSSAS, AS PALAVRAS VOAM…
Authors: Brocchetto Ramos Flávia , Cristina Tasca Marangoni Marli
Published: October 2024

Somos seres terrestres, mas, por desejarmos o ar, criamos o avião, a asa delta, o balão… Outra forma de voo são os passeios guiados pelas palavras alheias, rastros de pensamentos que geram vivências singulares em quem as lê, sobretudo quando se trata da poesia. Assim, este artigo seleciona poemas que discorrem sobre o voo, predominantemente, dirigidos às crianças, com base em Barthes (1974), Neitzel e Ramos (2022) e Bachelard (1998) e com orientação metodológica que intenciona seguir pistas acerca de lições de voo poético e de seus aprendizes, em um movimento livre que busca escrever nossa leitura. Com isso, almejamos contribuir para uma proposta de educação literária que, pela ação docente, impulsione estudantes, aprendizes do ar, a exercícios de voo poético.
Memória e desenvolvimento: transformações da paisagem urbana em Vera Cruz/RS
Authors: Silva Josiane da , Brandt Grazielle Betina
Published: October 2024

Neste artigo analisam-se as principais transformações da paisagem urbana na área central do município de Vera Cruz/RS, em especial, do patrimônio histórico e cultural, a partir do relato e da memória de diferentes agentes. Consideramos neste estudo como patrimônio histórico e cultural não somente o tempo de existência das edificações como fator principal, mas o contexto no qual elas estão/estavam inseridas, bem como a relação dessas edificações com a memória de seus habitantes A partir de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, constatamos que as percepções dos distintos residentes e agentes acerca da preservação e/ou restauração do patrimônio histórico construído, bem como a respeito das transformações da paisagem urbana na área central do município, são tensionadas pelas antinomias espaço-temporais da força do capital, que também contribui para a alteração do curso da história local.
Agricultura familiar e alimentos orgânicos em Cachoeira do Sul-RS: produção e inserção nos mercados
Authors: Agne Chaiane Leal , Dorneles Vanessa Baumhardt
Published: October 2024

A agricultura familiar brasileira é caracterizada pela heterogeneidade social, econômica e produtiva. Com o mercado mais exigente e a preocupação com a saúde, a adoção de práticas saudáveis e sustentáveis passou a ser uma exigência, motivando a produção e o consumo de alimentos orgânicos. Este artigo teve como objetivo descrever as características da agricultura familiar que produz orgânicos no município de Cachoeira do Sul. A pesquisa é qualitativa e quantitativa, tendo a coleta de dados primários sido realizada por meio de formulário semiestruturado. Foram realizadas entrevistas com seis famílias, cujas motivações para produzir estão relacionadas à preocupação com meio ambiente, saúde, agregação de valor e diferenciação. A maioria dos produtores tem mais de 40 anos, com ensino médio completo. As propriedades não ultrapassam 24 hectares, sendo as principais atividades geradoras de renda as hortaliças e as frutas. Os canais de comercialização mais usados são as feiras e a venda direta para o consumidor, esta reforçada por interações e contatos de proximidade. Evidenciou-se ser limitada a inserção dos alimentos em redes de supermercados locais, o que indica oportunidades para futuras pesquisas envolvendo o mapeamento da oferta e demanda.
Principais elementos da migração ambiental contemporânea
Authors: Souza Filipe Bellincanta de , Rocha Isa de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Este artigo tem como objeto de estudo a migração ambiental, os seus vetores, as suas tipologias e os seus principais elementos contemporâneos. Foram utilizados os métodos explicativo, descritivo e exploratório, combinados com metodologia de análise documental e bibliográfica. Objetiva-se mostrar que a migração ambiental está delineada territorialmente e por jurisdições, quanto a pessoas ou grupos, que se deslocam em razão da origem da migração, do tempo de permanência e do destino do migrante. Foi realizado um levantamento normativo de resoluções do Conselho de Segurança da ONU, abarcando o período de 2011 a 2019. A dimensão da segurança ambiental e da paz sustentável, somada à dimensão dos migrantes ambientais, revela a complexidade das violações dos direitos humanos em matéria de migração ambiental, sugerindo a necessidade de participação pública nos processos decisórios na esfera estatal. O nível de afetações no ambiente e os vetores da migração ambiental oferecem uma via multidimensional de impactos, indicando sua intrínseca conexão. Isso evidencia que o Estado nem sempre mitiga desastres que afetam a vida de migrantes ambientais.
Aggregation of Mod5 is affected by tRNA binding with implications for tRNA gene‐mediated silencing
Authors: Read David F. , Waller Thomas J. , Tse Eric , Southworth Daniel R. , Engelke David R. , Smaldino Philip J.
Published: March 2017

Mod5 is a multifunctional protein that modifies a subset of tRNAs in the cytoplasm and is also required for an RNA‐mediated form of transcriptional silencing. Previous in vivo studies have shown that the nuclear silencing function of Mod5 does not require that the causative tRNA gene encode a Mod5 substrate, although Mod5 is still required. However, previous data have not directly tested whether Mod5 can directly bind substrate and nonsubstrate RNAs. We herein demonstrate that Mod5 directly binds to both substrate and nonsubstrate RNAs, including a highly structured, non‐tRNA sequence (5S‐rRNA), consistent with previous in vivo data. Furthermore, we show that some RNAs drastically change the aggregation behavior of Mod5 with implications for tRNA gene‐mediated silencing.
A comparison of two global datasets of extreme sea levels and resulting flood exposure
Authors: Muis Sanne , Verlaan Martin , Nicholls Robert J. , Brown Sally , Hinkel Jochen , Lincke Daniel , Vafeidis Athanasios T. , Scussolini Paolo , Winsemius Hessel C. , Ward Philip J.
Published: March 2017

Estimating the current risk of coastal flooding requires adequate information on extreme sea levels. For over a decade, the only global data available was the DINAS‐COAST Extreme Sea Levels (DCESL) dataset, which applies a static approximation to estimate extreme sea levels. Recently, a dynamically derived dataset was developed: the Global Tide and Surge Reanalysis (GTSR) dataset. Here, we compare the two datasets. The differences between DCESL and GTSR are generally larger than the confidence intervals of GTSR. Compared to observed extremes, DCESL generally overestimates extremes with a mean bias of 0.6 m. With a mean bias of −0.2 m GTSR generally underestimates extremes, particularly in the tropics. The Dynamic Interactive Vulnerability Assessment model is applied to calculate the present‐day flood exposure in terms of the land area and the population below the 1 in 100‐year sea levels. Global exposed population is 28% lower when based on GTSR instead of DCESL. Considering the limited data available at the time, DCESL provides a good estimate of the spatial variation in extremes around the world. However, GTSR allows for an improved assessment of the impacts of coastal floods, including confidence bounds. We further improve the assessment of coastal impacts by correcting for the conflicting vertical datum of sea‐level extremes and land elevation, which has not been accounted for in previous global assessments. Converting the extreme sea levels to the same vertical reference used for the elevation data is shown to be a critical step resulting in 39–59% higher estimate of population exposure.
Remanence acquisition efficiency in biogenic and detrital magnetite and recording of geomagnetic paleointensity
Authors: Chen Liang , Heslop David , Roberts Andrew P. , Chang Liao , Zhao Xiang , McGregor Helen V. , Marino Gianluca , Rodriguez‐Sanz Laura , Rohling Eelco J. , Pälike Heiko
Published: March 2017

Relative paleointensity (RPI) variations of Earth's magnetic field are widely used to understand geomagnetic field behavior and to develop age models for sedimentary sequences. RPI estimation is based on a series of assumptions. One key assumption that is rarely considered is that all magnetic particles in the sediment acquired a magnetization in an identical manner. In this paper, we test this assumption for sediments from the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean that record well‐documented global RPI variations over the last ∼780 kyr. The magnetization is carried by two stable single domain magnetic components, which we identify as magnetite magnetofossils and titanomagnetite nanoparticle inclusions within larger silicate particles. By analyzing signals carried by the two components separately, we determine for the first time that magnetic nanoparticle inclusions can cause their host particles to record reliable but inefficient sedimentary paleomagnetic signals. The magnetization carried by biogenic magnetite is acquired more efficiently than that carried by the nanoparticle inclusions. Variations in the concentration of both components are modulated climatically so that they record nearly identical RPI signals. In many sediment types, there is no correlation between the concentrations of different magnetic components so that variable remanence acquisition efficiency will complicate RPI recording. Our work demonstrates that detailed assessment of paleomagnetic recording by each constituent magnetic component needs to become a routine part of sedimentary RPI analysis.
Seismogenic width controls aspect ratios of earthquake ruptures
Authors: Weng Huihui , Yang Hongfeng
Published: March 2017

We investigate the effect of seismogenic width on aspect ratios of earthquake ruptures by using numerical simulations of strike‐slip faulting and an energy balance criterion near rupture tips. If the seismogenic width is smaller than a critical value, then ruptures cannot break the entire fault, regardless of the size of the nucleation zone. The seismic moments of these self‐arresting ruptures increase with the nucleation size, forming nucleation‐related events. The aspect ratios increase with the seismogenic width but are smaller than 8. In contrast, ruptures become breakaway and tend to have high aspect ratios (>8) if the seismogenic width is sufficiently large. But the critical nucleation size is larger than the theoretical estimate for an unbounded fault. The eventual seismic moments of breakaway ruptures do not depend on the nucleation size. Our results suggest that estimating final earthquake magnitude from the nucleation phase may only be plausible on faults with small seismogenic width.
Hydrothermodynamic mixing of fluids across phases in porous media
Authors: Amooie Mohammad Amin , Soltanian Mohamad Reza , Moortgat Joachim
Published: March 2017

We investigate the coupled dynamics of fluid mixing and viscously unstable flow under both miscible (single‐phase) and partially miscible (two‐phase) conditions, and in both homogeneous and heterogeneous porous media. Higher‐order finite element methods and fine grids are used to resolve the small‐scale onset of fingering and tip splitting. An equation of state determines the thermodynamic phase behavior and Fickian diffusion. We compute global quantitative measures of the spreading and mixing of a diluting slug to elucidate key differences between miscible and partially miscible systems. Hydrodynamic instabilities are the main driver for mixing in miscible flow. In partially miscible flow, however, we find that relative permeabilities spread the two‐phase zone. Within this mixing zone dissolution and evaporation drive mixing thermodynamically while reducing mobility contrasts and thus fingering instabilities. The different mixing dynamics in systems involving multiple phases with mutual solubilities have important implications in hydrogeology and energy applications, such as geological carbon sequestration and gas transport in hydrocarbon reservoirs.