bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Confronting the Marginalization of Culturally Responsive Pedagogy
Authors: Sleeter Christine E.
Published: March 2012

Globally, over the last two decades, attention to culturally responsive, multicultural approaches to teaching have largely been supplanted by standardized curricula and pedagogy that derive from neoliberal business models of school reform. In this essay, I discuss three factors that contribute to the marginalization of culturally responsive pedagogy: (a) a persistence of faulty and simplistic conceptions of what culturally responsive pedagogy is, (b) too little research connecting its use with student achievement, and (c) elite and white fear of losing national and global hegemony. After discussing these factors, recommendations are offered.
Examining Culturally Responsive Teaching Self-Efficacy in a Preservice Social Studies Education Course
Authors: Fitchett Paul G. , Starker Tehia V. , Salyers Beth
Published: March 2012

In a preexperimental study of preservice practitioners’ professional dispositions, we examined the relationship between an innovative culturally responsive teaching model in a social studies methods course and teacher candidates’ culturally responsive teaching self-efficacy. Findings indicate preservice teachers exposed to an in-depth culturally responsive teaching epistemology were more confident in their abilities to employ culturally relevant teaching practices. Participants noted increased willingness to work in diverse communities. Preservice teachers were more efficacious in their abilities to teach multicultural social studies content. Our study suggests that a comprehensive culturally responsive, social studies methods course inspired efficacious attitudes toward teaching diverse learners and content.
Active Handrest: A large workspace tool for precision manipulation
Authors: Fehlberg Mark A , Gleeson Brian T , Provancher William R
Published: March 2012

To address the limited dexterous workspace of the human hand, we have developed the Active Handrest. This device assists in precision manipulation tasks by extending a user’s dexterous workspace while providing ergonomic support for reduced fatigue. People use handrests to complete dexterous activities as routine as providing a signature. However, the dexterous workspace of the statically supported hand is somewhat limited. By providing consistent support over large workspaces the Active Handrest could be useful for performing precision tasks, such as surgery, upper limb rehabilitation, and machining. Our prototype Active Handrest is a planar, human–machine interface that provides support for the user’s wrist and arm while allowing the user to retain complete control over a grasped tool or manipulated device. The Active Handrest uses force input from the user’s hand, position input from a grasped tool, or a combination of these inputs. The device’s controller then converts the input(s) into handrest motions. In this paper we describe our novel device prototype and establish a baseline for its performance. Preliminary experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of control input, velocity limits, and user experience. Subsequent experiments compared the Active Handrest to various other support conditions. Use of the Active Handrest was found to significantly reduce task error and provided better speed-accuracy performance than the other tested support methods.
Association Between Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factor 7 and Autism Spectrum Disorders in a Korean Population
Authors: Ro MyungJa , Park JungWon , Nam Min , Bang Hee Jung , Yang JaeWon , Choi Kyung-Sik , Kim Su Kang , Chung Joo-Ho , Kwack KyuBum
Published: March 2012

Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication, impaired reciprocal social interaction, and repetitive patterns of behaviors or interests. Although the cause of autism spectrum disorder remains elusive, the present study identified peroxisomal biogenesis factor 7 (PEX7) as a gene associated with autism spectrum disorder, and this association was examined in a Korean population. PEX7 encodes a cytosolic receptor for peroxisome targeting signal 2 of peroxisomal matrix enzymes that are targeted to and translocated into the peroxisome. PEX7 defects are associated with rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 1 and Refsum disease. Mutations in PEX7 are related to a variety of mild to severe clinical symptoms, including mental retardation. The analysis of 9 intronic single nucleotide polymorphisms in 214 patients with autism spectrum disorder and 258 controls revealed the association of 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 1 haplotype with autism spectrum disorder ( P < .05).
Effect of Melatonin on Seizure Frequency in Intractable Epilepsy
Authors: Goldberg-Stern Hadassa , Oren Heftsiba , Peled Nir , Garty Ben-Zion
Published: March 2012

Melatonin is effective for treating sleep–wake cycle disturbances and has been reported occasionally to decrease epileptic seizure frequency, with no long-term side effects. In this pilot study, the investigators examined the effect of melatonin on seizures, sleep quality, and behavior in 10 patients aged 9 to 32 years with intractable epilepsy. Patients were randomized to receive melatonin (10 mg daily at bedtime) followed by placebo or placebo followed by melatonin for 3 weeks each, with a 1-week washout period in between. Seizure frequency was monitored by daily diaries and actigraphy recordings; behavioral and sleep parameters were rated by caregivers. Diurnal seizures decreased significantly with melatonin compared with placebo ( P = .034, Wilcoxon test). Maximal number of seizures, seizure duration, sleep efficiency or latency, and behavioral parameters remained unchanged. No major side effects or seizure aggravation were documented. It is concluded that melatonin could be effective and safe for decreasing daytime seizure frequency in patients with intractable epilepsy.
Rapidly Progressive Primary Leptomeningeal Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor
Authors: Gauvain Karen M. , Durham Benjamin H. , McHugh Michele , Geller Thomas J.
Published: March 2012

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor is a rare, highly malignant central nervous system tumor most commonly occurring in very young children. Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor most often presents as an expanding mass with symptoms consistent with the location of the tumor and may present with metastatic leptomeningeal disease. The authors describe 2 cases of rapidly progressive, diffuse leptomeningeal atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor without a solid primary mass. These cases demonstrate a clinical picture that can easily be confused with a basilar meningitis, encephalomyelitis, or vasculitis.
Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome in a Boy With Charcot Marie Tooth Disease Type 1A: A Rare Co-occurrence of 2 Genetic Disorders
Authors: Ghosh Partha S. , Friedman Neil R. , Ghosh Debabrata
Published: March 2012

Pitt-Hopkins syndrome is characterized by marked intellectual impairment, hyperventilation episodes, and dysmorphic facial features. This article reports a boy who presented with developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, microcephaly, hypotonia, and areflexia. He was initially diagnosed with Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 1A based on family history and genetic testing. However, severe mental impairment was atypical of Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 1A. Over the next few years he developed characteristic breathing abnormality, hand stereotypies, seizures, and marked constipation. The evolution of these manifestations coupled with the characteristic facial appearance suggested the additional diagnosis of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome, which was confirmed by the genetic defect of the transcription factor 4 on chromosome 18. This case demonstrates the rare co-occurrence of 2 genetic disorders in the same individual.
Spray characteristics of four-hole injectors used for a hydrocarbon lean nitrogen oxide catalyst system in a diesel engine
Authors: Oh Jungmo , Kim Kibum , Lee Kihyung
Published: March 2012

Among emission reduction technologies, a hydrocarbon lean nitrogen oxide trap is a cost-effective solution for nitrogen oxide emission control in light-duty vehicles. However, the hydrocarbon lean nitrogen oxide trap leads to high fuel consumption because diesel fuel is normally used as a reducing agent (i.e. a reductant). It is necessary to establish injection conditions corresponding to the maximum nitrogen oxide conversion in the hydrocarbon lean nitrogen oxide trap system. A uniform distribution of the reducing agent is desirable, and the spray characteristics of the reductant, such as atomization and penetration, must be well understood in order to establish a good performance of the hydrocarbon lean nitrogen oxide trap. With this goal in mind, the spray characteristics and behaviour of a port fuel injector with four holes were analysed using visualization and r.m.s. image-processing techniques. The Sauter mean diameter distribution of the injector was measured using a Malvern system. The liquid agents employed in this study were ISO 4113 and n-heptane, which have properties similar to those of diesel and gasoline fuels respectively. These results elucidated the feasibility of a secondary injection system for the hydrocarbon lean nitrogen oxide trap.
Transfer path analysis and control of vehicle structure-borne noise induced by the powertrain
Authors: Guo Rong , Qiu Shan , Yu Qin-lin , Zhou Hong , Zhang Li-jun
Published: March 2012

Because of the higher requirements for vehicle comfort and people’s increasing ecological consciousness, research on the interior noise in a vehicle has received wide concern, among which structure-borne noise is hard to diagnose and control. To solve the problem, the transfer path analysis method of powertrain structure-borne noise has been systematically analysed. By introduction of the powertrain source–path–receiver model, this method enables us to estimate and study the vibro-acoustic transfer functions and their operational forces. Since structure-borne noise is composed of multiple paths, the aim of this paper is to discuss different synthesis methods for this noise. On the basis of previous discussion, the transfer path analysis test of a certain vehicle is carried out, and the transfer function and operational data at idle and second-gear wide-open throttle are obtained. The test data are processed and an acoustic contribution analysis of the target is performed using LMS software. The results of analysis show that the right-hand side mount represents the main contribution path. Then the match principle of the bracket dynamic stiffness of the powertrain isolation system is proposed. On the basis of the transfer path analysis results and the above principle, the bracket on the body side of the right-hand side mount is improved by combination of the experimental transfer path analysis and the finite element method. The test results show that the A-weighted sound pressure level of the interior noise at idle and second-gear wide-open throttle are reduced by 2.9 dB(A) and 4 dB(A) respectively after improvement. Also there is no obvious booming noise at second-gear wide-open throttle. It is expected that this paper can help automotive noise, vibration and harshness engineers to perform trouble shooting and sound design.
Validation and application of multi-residue analysis of eight anticoagulant rodenticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection
Authors: Armentano Antonio , Iammarino Marco , Magro Sonia Lo , Muscarella Marilena
Published: March 2012

Poisoning of domestic animals is frequently caused by anticoagulant rodenticides. Validation and applications of a rapid and reliable method for the simultaneous determination of 8 anticoagulant rodenticides (bromadiolone, brodifacoum, coumachlor, coumafuryl, coumatetralyl, difenacoum, flocoumafen, and warfarin) in baits and animal livers using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection are reported herein. The methodology was validated by an in-house validation model at 2.5 mg/kg, which is the level commonly found in the tissues of poisoned domestic animals. The 8 anticoagulants can be determined at the concentration range of 1.25–100 mg/kg with determination coefficients higher than 0.992. A recovery value from 70% to 109% was observed for all the studied molecules. The results of the validation process demonstrate suitability for application in official analysis and for monitoring purposes of animal poisoning by anticoagulant rodenticides.
Enzootic calcinosis caused by Nierembergia rivularis in sheep
Authors: Santos Carmen García y , Pereira Rodrigo , Etcheberry Gabriel , Goyen Juan M. , Pérez William , Capelli Alejandra , Alonso Eduardo , Ruiz-Díaz Alejandro , Riet-Correa Franklin
Published: March 2012

Enzootic calcinosis was diagnosed in sheep in Uruguay in pastures containing the plant Nierembergia rivularis. In a flock of 200 sheep, 20 were affected and 12 died. Clinical signs were anorexia, weight loss followed by cachexia, stiffness, and kyphosis. At necropsy and histologic examination, mineral deposits were observed on the medial layer of the arteries, heart, lungs, and kidneys. Similar lesions were also observed in 3 sheep forced to graze in an area containing the plant, while no lesions were observed in a control sheep that grazed in an area free of N. rivularis. It is concluded that N. rivularis is a calcinogenic plant for sheep.
Validation of an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay for total anti–Vaccinia virus antibody titration
Authors: Gerber Priscilla F. , Matos Ana Carolina D. , Guedes Maria Isabel M. C. , Madureira Marieta C. , Silva Marcos X. , Lobato Zélia I. P.
Published: March 2012

Vaccinia virus (VACV) has been associated with zoonotic exanthemic outbreaks affecting bovids and human beings, with significant public health and economic impacts. Rapid and reliable diagnostic methods are needed to detect and epidemiologically monitor antibodies to VACV. The current study describes the development of an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) for detection of total VACV antibodies in bovine serum. The assay was validated by comparison with a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Kappa index of agreement, diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the IPMA were −1.008, 100%, 96%, and 98%, respectively, when compared with PRNT on 148 field bovine sera. Repeatability tests on 32 field-positive serum samples revealed that intraclass coefficient correlation was 0.86. In experimentally infected cattle, VACV antibodies were detectable by IPMA 4 days postinfection, which was more than 2 weeks earlier than with the PRNT, indicating that IPMA could be a more sensitive test than the latter. In 4 naturally VACV-diseased cows monitored for 13 months, IPMA could detect VACV antibodies up to 13 months, a longer time than PRNT. The IPMA is simpler to produce and perform when compared with PRNT and is time saving and suitable for large-scale surveys of VACV infection in bovine.
Novel brain lesions caused by Edwardsiella tarda in a red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.)
Authors: Iregui Carlos A. , Guarín Marlly , Tibatá Victor M. , Ferguson Hugh W.
Published: March 2012

The histological lesions caused by Edwardsiella tarda in a variety of fish species, including tilapia, have been well characterized. There are apparent differences in the type of inflammatory response manifested by these different species, which may be due to the fish species itself, the phase of infection, or the virulence factors produced by different strains of E. tarda. In catfish, systemic abscesses involving muscles of the flank or caudal peduncle are the most common lesions. By contrast, infection in tilapia and red sea bream is more likely to be associated with granulomatous inflammation. Necrotic meningitis, encephalitis, and vasculitis with fibrinoid necrosis of the blood vessels walls, as well as the formation of a plaque-like structure in the brain, are described in the current study. The presence of E. tarda was confirmed by microbiological isolation and a positive nested polymerase chain reaction in paraffin wax–embedded tilapia tissues.
Application of the Ceditest® FMDV type O and FMDV-NS enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of antibodies against Foot-and-mouth disease virus in selected livestock and wildlife species in Uganda
Authors: Ayebazibwe Chrisostom , Mwiine Frank Norbert , Balinda Sheila Nina , Tjørnehøj Kirsten , Alexandersen Soren
Published: March 2012

Diagnosis and control of Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) requires rapid and sensitive diagnostic tests. Two antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, Ceditest® FMDV-NS for the detection of antibodies against the nonstructural proteins of all FMDV serotypes and Ceditest® FMDV type O for the detection of antibodies against serotype O, were evaluated under African endemic conditions where the presence of multiple serotypes and the use of nonpurified vaccines complicate serological diagnosis. Serum samples from 218 African buffalo, 758 cattle, 304 goats, and 88 sheep were tested using both kits, and selected samples were tested not only in serotype-specific ELISAs for antibodies against primarily FMDV serotype O, but also against other serotypes. The FMDV-NS assay detected far more positive samples (93%) than the FMDV type O assay (30%) in buffalo ( P < 0.05), with predominant antibodies against the South African Territories (SAT) serotypes, while the seroprevalence was generally comparable in cattle with antibodies against serotype O elicited by infection and/or vaccination. However, some districts had higher seroprevalence using the FMDV type O assay indicating vaccination without infection, while 1 cattle herd with antibodies against the SAT serotypes had far more positive samples (85%) using the FMDV-NS versus the FMDV type O (10%), consistent with the latter test’s lower sensitivity for antibodies against SAT serotypes. Based on the current investigation, the FMDV type O ELISA may be limited by the presence of SAT serotypes. The FMD NS assay worked well as a screening test for antibodies against all FMDV serotypes present in Uganda; however, as long as nonpurified vaccines are applied in the region, this test cannot be used to differentiate between vaccinated and infected animals.
The Sex Offender Treatment Intervention and Progress Scale (SOTIPS)
Authors: McGrath Robert J. , Lasher Michael P. , Cumming Georgia F.
Published: February 2012

The Sex Offender Treatment Intervention and Progress Scale (SOTIPS) is a 16-item rating scale designed to assess dynamic risk among adult male sex offenders and degree of change at 6-month intervals during treatment. The purpose of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the SOTIPS in a construction sample of 759 adult male sex offenders who were under correctional supervision and enrolled in cognitive-behavioral community treatment in Vermont between 2001 and 2007. The scale showed acceptable interrater reliability. SOTIPS scores at 1, 7, and 13 months after participants began treatment predicted sexual, violent, and any recidivism, and return to prison at fixed 1- and 3-year follow-up periods (AUCs = .60 to .85). Combined SOTIPS and Static-99R scores predicted all recidivism types (AUCs = .67 to .89) and outperformed either instrument alone when both instruments had similar predictive power. Participants who demonstrated treatment progress, as reflected by reductions in SOTIPS scores, showed lower rates of recidivism than those who did not.
Indentation of a nonlinear viscoelastic membrane
Authors: Nguyen Nhung , Wineman Alan , Waas Anthony
Published: March 2012

Measurements related to the indentation of a circular membrane can be used to characterize the material response of a wide variety of materials, including biological tissue. In this paper, the axisymmetric deformation of an initially planar, homogeneous and uniformly thin membrane that is supported along a circular boundary and indented by a spherical indenter is considered.
Introduction
Authors: Street Alice , Coleman Simon
Published: March 2012

The hospital’s ambiguous relationship to everyday social space has long been a central theme of hospital ethnography. Often, hospitals are presented either as isolated “islands” defined by biomedical regulation of space (and time) or as continuations and reflections of everyday social space that are very much a part of the “mainland.” This polarization of the debate overlooks hospitals’ paradoxical capacity to be simultaneously bounded and permeable, both sites of social control and spaces where alternative and transgressive social orders emerge and are contested. We suggest that Foucault’s concept of heterotopia usefully captures the complex relationships between order and disorder, stability and instability that define the hospital as a modernist institution of knowledge, governance, and improvement. We expand Foucault’s focus on the disciplinary, heterotopic qualities of the hospital to explore the heterotopia as a space of multiple orderings. These orderings are not only biomedical. Rather, hospitals are notable for the intensity and heterogeneity of the ongoing spatial ordering processes, both biomedical and other, that produce them. We outline an approach to heterotopias that traces the contingent configuration of hospital space through relationships between the physical environment, technologies, and persons, while simultaneously considering the kinds of spatial imaginings, hopes for the future, and emotional responses that are rendered possible by those configurations. We provide three thematic frameworks through which the heterotopic and contingent qualities of hospital spaces might be explored: boundary work, generating scale, and layered space.
Application of a ship-routing fatigue model to case studies of 2800 TEU and 4400 TEU container vessels
Authors: Mao Wengang , Li Zhiyuan , Ringsberg Jonas W , Rychlik Igor
Published: March 2012

Ship structures will always be subjected to and suffer from fatigue damage and fracture. However, we can become better at utilizing the materials and the structures and operating them more wisely, leading to less maintenance, extended service life and enhanced safety if we can improve the fatigue damage prediction. In this study, a fatigue model useful for ship routing is presented. Similar to the ship-routing design for the expected time of arrival and fuel reduction, the objective here is to demonstrate the possibility and benefits of ship route planning which lead to a reduction in fatigue damage accumulation. In the context of ship fatigue route planning, uncertainty analysis of the fatigue assessments of container ships is discussed. The proposed ship-routing fatigue model is employed in case studies on two container vessels to illustrate the possible benefits to the fatigue safety of ship structures. Sea environments in the application are obtained from hindcast wave data and a spatiotemporal wave model. The results show that the fatigue damage of the studied container ship structures could be decreased by more than 50% if awareness and knowledge of fatigue in ship route planning are employed.
Integrating Social Media and Social Marketing
Authors: Thackeray Rosemary , Neiger Brad L. , Keller Heidi
Published: March 2012

Social media is a group of Internet-based applications that allows individuals to create, collaborate, and share content with one another. Practitioners can realize social media’s untapped potential by incorporating it as part of the larger social marketing strategy, beyond promotion. Social media, if used correctly, may help organizations increase their capacity for putting the consumer at the center of the social marketing process. The purpose of this article is to provide a template for strategic thinking to successfully include social media as part of the social marketing strategy by using a four-step process.
Grandfather Involvement and Aging Men’s Mental Health
Authors: Bates James S. , Taylor Alan C.
Published: March 2012

The mental health of aging men is an understudied social issue. Although it is widely accepted that meaningful family relationships are associated with fewer depressive symptoms and greater positive affect, scholars have largely overlooked relationships between grandfathers and grandchildren as being beneficial to men’s mental health. This study investigates the differences in the depressive symptoms and positive affect of 351 grandfathers. Using a cluster analytic technique, participants were categorized as involved, passive, and disengaged based on their frequency of contact, level of commitment, and participation in activities with grandchildren. Comparative analyses indicate that involved grandfathers had fewer depressive symptoms than disengaged grandfathers. Involved grandfathers had significantly higher scores on positive affect than disengaged grandfathers, and passive grandfathers had significantly higher scores on positive affect than disengaged grandfathers. This study provides evidence that grandfather–grandchild relationships influence aging men’s mental health. Implications for practitioners working with aging men are discussed.
Psychiatrists' experiences of stalking in Ireland: prevalence and characteristics
Authors: Nwachukwu Izu , Agyapong Vincent , Quinlivan Leah , Tobin John , Malone Kevin
Published: March 2012

Aims and method

Accumulating evidence suggest that psychiatrists may be at greater risk of being stalked compared with the general population. We used a self-administered questionnaire to survey psychiatrists in Ireland about their experiences, practices and attitudes regarding work-related stalking.

Results

We found that 25.1% of psychiatrists in Ireland had been the subject of stalking behaviour at some point in their career. At the time of the survey, 5.5% of respondents were actively being stalked. The majority of the stalking occurred in the workplace and most of the perpetrators were patients. Most of the victims were unaware of guidelines or other supportive mechanisms in their workplace. Of those who reported their experiences to authorities, almost half were not satisfied with the support they received.

Clinical implications

Stalking of psychiatrists is not uncommon. Employers should put in place supportive structures backed up by education and training to reduce the incidence, associated morbidity and other wider consequences of stalking.
Avoiding deaths in hospital from anorexia nervosa: the MARSIPAN project
Authors: Robinson Paul
Published: March 2012

The MARSIPAN (MAnagement of Really SIck Patients with Anorexia Nervosa) project was established in response to reports of patients admitted to medical wards and proving refractory to treatment, sometimes dying on the ward. Psychiatrists, physicians and other clinicians in nutrition and eating disorders were brought together to discuss key issues in the assessment and management of such patients. The resulting guidance report, which applies to adult patients over 18, addresses: assessment of risk, where to treat the patient, specialist support for medical teams, key elements of treatment, namely (a) safe refeeding to avoid refeeding syndrome and underfeeding syndrome, (b) management of problematic behaviours, (c) support for the family, and (d) transfer to a specialist eating disorder unit when appropriate and possible.
Moving prediction of exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for patients in telecare
Authors: Jensen Morten H , Cichosz Simon L , Dinesen Birthe , Hejlesen Ole K
Published: March 2012

We investigated whether physiological data can be used for predicting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. Home measurements from 57 patients were analysed, during which 10 exacerbations occurred in nine patients. A total of 273 different features were evaluated for their discrimination abilities between periods with and without exacerbations. The analysis showed that if a sensitivity level of 70% is considered to be acceptable, then the specificity was 95% and the AUC was 0.73, i.e. it is possible to discriminate between periods of exacerbation and periods without. A system capable of predicting risk could provide support to COPD patients in their tele-rehabilitation.
A comparison of tele-education versus conventional lectures in wound care knowledge and skill acquisition
Authors: Haney Marisa , Silvestri Salvatore , Van Dillen Christine , Ralls George , Cohen Ethan , Papa Linda
Published: March 2012

We conducted a randomized controlled study to compare conventional lectures with tele-education for delivering wound care education. Education was delivered by the two methods simultaneously to two classes. Forty-eight paramedics received a live didactic presentation and 41 paramedics received the same lecture via videoconferencing. The participants were evaluated by a multiple-choice examination and a practical test of their wound closure skills. There were no significant differences in any category of the practical skills test, and no difference in the results of the written examination: the mean total score was was 109.0 (95% CI 105.7–112.4) in the conventional lecture group and 110.3 (95% CI 106.2–114.3) in the video group ( P = 0.63). In a survey at the end of the study the live lecture group rated the overall effectiveness of teaching significantly higher than the video-based group: the median scores for effectiveness of teaching were 6.0 (IQR 5.5–6.0) in the live lecture group and 4.0 (IQR 3.0–5.0) in the video group ( P < 0.001). Videoconferencing was at least as effective as live didactic presentation.
Telemedicine can help to ensure that patients receive timely medical care
Authors: Blozik Eva , Wildeisen Irène E , Fueglistaler Philipp , von Overbeck Jan
Published: March 2012

We describe a case illustrating that telephone consultations can help to lower the psychological threshold for accessing medical care in people who are not aware of the seriousness of their symptoms, or who might otherwise be reluctant to access face-to-face care. A 69-year-old male patient called a teleconsultation service at the weekend because of acute fever. The patient was scheduled to have a hip replacement and the usual pre-operative check-up done the day before had been normal. However, a careful medical history taken during the teleconsultation revealed potentially serious symptoms. We therefore referred the patient to the emergency room immediately with the suspicion of severe infection, possibly due to colon cancer. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with septicaemia and adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid. This demonstrates that teleconsultation is not only a powerful tool for triage and diagnosis, but can also help to reduce delay in diagnosing severe diseases in primary health care.
Docetaxel, Carboplatin, and Trastuzumab (TCH) for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Yates Danielle M. , Waddell J. Aubrey , Solimando Dominic A.
Published: March 2012

The complexity of cancer chemotherapy requires pharmacists be familiar with the complicated regimens and highly toxic agents used. This column reviews various issues related to preparation, dispensing, and administration of antineoplastic therapy, and the agents, both commercially available and investigational, used to treat malignant diseases.
Azithromycin (Oral): Rosacea
Authors: Generali Joyce A. , Cada Dennis J.
Published: March 2012

This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label Drug Facts, a quarterly publication available from Wolters Kluwer Health. Off-Label Drug Facts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific drug uses that are unapproved by the US Food and Drug Administration. This new guide to the literature enables the health care professional or clinician to quickly identify published studies on off-label uses and determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. References direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information before patient care decisions are made. Direct questions or comments regarding Off-Label Drug Uses to jgeneral@kumc.edu .
Differences in Complexity of Discharge Medication Regimens between Men and Women Discharged from Acute Care to Home following Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Weeks Douglas L. , Willson Megan N. , Greer Christopher L.
Published: March 2012

Purpose

This study determined whether discharge medication regimens that patients managed at home following hip or knee total joint arthroplasty differed between men and women. Comparisons were made among overall complexity of the regimen and the separate components contributing to complexity: number of medications, dosage forms, dosing frequencies, and additional administration directions.

Methods

Patient demographics and discharge medication regimens for serially discharged patients were retrospectively collected for a 3-month period from medical records at a large urban acute care hospital. Complexity of discharge medication regimens was quantified with the Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI), which accounts for each separate component of complexity.

Results

The serial sample comprised 105 men and 93 women discharged to home following total joint arthroplasty. Men and women did not differ by hospital length of stay or by proportions with the most common secondary diagnoses (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes). Women were discharged with significantly more complex medication regimens to manage at home than men ( P = .047). Among the individual components contributing to complexity, women were discharged with significantly more medications on their lists than men ( P = .006) and had significantly larger dosing frequency scores than men ( P = .01).

Conclusions

Women discharged to home following lower extremity total joint arthroplasty may be at greater risk for an adverse drug event than men due to increased medication regimen complexity. These findings suggest that attempts should be made to mitigate this risk through reduced regimen complexity, specifically targeting dosing frequency, increased education for patients with complex regimens, or increased monitoring.
Indacaterol
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri L. , Baker Danial E.
Published: March 2012

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive 5 to 6 well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late phase 3 trials. The monographs are targeted to Pharmacy & Therapeutics Committees. Subscribers also receive monthly 1-page summary monographs on agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation/medication use evaluation (DUE/MUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are sent in print and are also available on-line. Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of a facility. Subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X.). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X.

Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. For more information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The March 2012 monograph topics are on fentanyl sublingual spray, axitinib, crofelemer, ferric carboxymaltose, and tofacitinib. The DUE/MUE is on fentanyl prompt-release oral formulations.
Chinese Deaf and Hard of Hearing Adolescents’ Awareness of Thematic and Taxonomic Relations Among Ordinary Concepts Represented by Pictures and Written Words
Authors: Li Degao , Gao Kejuan , Zhang Yue , Wu Xueyun
Published: February 2012

Inspired by a previous study of Korean deaf and hard of hearing adolescents, the researchers conducted a priming task of living-nonliving categorization with a sample of Chinese deaf and hard of hearing adolescents. The sample in this study had significantly lower accuracy levels for the thematically related items than for the taxonomically related items and significantly larger differences in reaction times than a group of hearing adolescents when stimuli were changed from pictures to written words. However, they were not significantly different from the hearing adolescents in their performance with the taxonomically related written words. Furthermore, unlike the hearing adolescents, they did not have significantly different reaction times as the result of changes in positions of stimulus presentations.
The Reconstitution of Property Relations in New Zealand Fisheries
Authors: McCormack Fiona
Published: February 2012

This article discusses structural transformations in small-scale fisheries in a New Zealand community. Expressions of fishing practice and the people who pursue these practices are subject to three different management regimes—Commercial, Recreational and Customary Regulations—each of which is rooted in a particular model of ownership. The community is simultaneously subject to globalization as represented by the local fish processing plant, a burgeoning tourist market, and the Quota Management Regime. These factors intertwine in complex ways to threaten community cohesion; yet, fishers, irrespective of category, express sentiments indicating an emergent level of solidarity based on a shared productive activity and a common distaste for various elements of globalization.
The Return to the Family: Welfare, State, and Politics of the Family in Turkey
Authors: Yazıcı Berna
Published: February 2012

This article examines the transformation of the Turkish state’s social work policy to engage recent debates in anthropology about welfare restructuring and neoliberalism. Building on ethnographic research from top to bottom, I trace welfare policy through the discourse of politicians and bureaucrats into everyday bureaucratic practice. Drawing attention to the stark contrast between the discursive image of the nurturing three generational extended family put at the center of the AKP (Justice and Development Party) government’s political rhetoric and policy-making and the experience of urban poor women who pass through the welfare orbit, I argue that for poor women and children, the globally influenced transformation in welfare corresponds to the reinforcement of socioeconomic vulnerabilities, all of which constrain their already precarious lives.
Kidnapping Women: Discourses of Emotion and Social Change in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Borbieva Noor O’Neill
Published: February 2012

In 1974, Anthropological Quarterly published a special issue on bride theft. Since then, considerable work has been published on the practice. Drawing on my fieldwork in the Kyrgyz Republic, I assess current understandings of the practice. I argue that although functionalist and symbolic approaches to kidnapping are still relevant, it is necessary to consider kidnapping in the context of intensifying discursive competition over marriage, gender roles, and authority. In my account, kidnapping is a practice that both supports and undermines existing systems of oppression. As such, it has become a powerful engine of social change.
Validity Now and Then
Authors: Normore C. G.
Published: February 2012

It is often said that an argument is valid if and only if it is impossible for its premises to be jointly true and its conclusion false. Usually there is little harm in saying this but it places the concept of truth at the very heart of logic and, given how complex and obscure that concept is, one might wonder if trouble arises from this.

It does - in at least two contexts. One of these was explored in the first half of the fourteenth century by Jean Buridan and by the mysterious figure known as the Pseudo-Scotus of the Questions on the Prior Analytics printed in the edition of Scotus's works edited by Luke Wadding. Buridan thought that the bearers of truth were particular sentence-tokens; he thought of ttuth as a property of those tokens and he thought that nothing had properties unless it existed.
A Primer on Ernst Abbe for Frege Readers
Authors: Tappenden Jamie
Published: February 2012

Setting out to understand Frege, the scholar confronts a roadblock at the outset: We just have little to go on. Much of the unpublished work and correspondence is lost, probably forever. Even the most basic task of imagining Frege's intellectual life is a challenge. The people he studied with and those he spent daily time with are little known to historians of philosophy and logic. To be sure, this makes it hard to answer broad questions like: ‘Who influenced Frege?’ But the information vacuum also creates local problems of textual interpretation. Say we encounter a sentence that may be read as alluding to a scientific dispute. Should it be read that way? To answer, we'd need to address prior questions. Is it reasonable to think Frege would be familiar with the issue? Deep or superficial familiarity? Would he expect his readers to catch the allusion? Can he be expected to anticipate certain objections? Can people he knows be expected to press those objections? A battery of such questions arise, demanding a richer understanding of Frege's environment.
The Unnameable
Authors: Urquhart Alasdair
Published: February 2012

Hans Herzberger as a philosopher and logician has shown deep interest both in the philosophy of Gottlob Frege, and in the topic of the inexpressible and the ineffable. In the fall of 1982, he taught at the University of Toronto, together with André Gombay, a course on Frege's metaphysics, philosophy of language, and foundations of arithmetic. Again, in the fall of 1986, he taught a seminar on the philosophy of language that dealt with ‘the limits of discursive symbolism in several domains of human experience.’ The course description continues by saying: ‘Special attention will be given to the paradoxes underlying various doctrines of the inexpressible and the tensions inherent in those paradoxes. Some doctrines of semantic, ethical and religious mysticism will be critically examined.'
The Plan of a Square
Authors: Varzi Achille C.
Published: February 2012

Amidst many discussions on super-valuational algebras and their philosophical applications - on which I was writing my dissertation - Hans and I once paused to ponder the mystical experience of the square. I mean A Square, the hero of Flatland. I mean that perfectly two-dimensional being, with no depth whatsoever, citizen of an equally two-dimensional depthless world, who one day had the good fortune of receiving a visit from a Sphere. What's more, he had the fortune of being able to visit, albeit briefly, the undreamt-of three-dimensional world his guest came from - which is to say, our threedimensional world. He visited and experienced our world before falling back for all eternity into the total flatness of his: Flatland, the plane world, the world with no aboves and no belows, the world in which cars and airplanes alike, so to speak, belong to the same category, and everything, literally everything, is reduced to fragile shadows on an enormous and eternally illuminated floor.
Sympathy for the Sovereign: Sovereignty, Sympathy, and the Colonial Relation in Edward Gibbon's The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
Authors: DeGabriele Peter
Published: February 2012

This article argues that Edward Gibbon's The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire makes a timely and decisive intervention in eighteenth-century political philosophy. Rejecting attempts to reduce the social bond to its horizontal through the force of sympathy or through the emergent ideology of cosmopolitanism, Gibbon insists on the continuing importance of the vertical, and radically unequal, bond between sovereign and subject to the constitution of the social field. Moving from an analysis of Gibbon's portrayal of an absolute disjunction between the interests and happiness of sovereign and subject within the Roman Empire, the essay then argues that Gibbon illustrates the persistence of this disjunction in the eighteenth-century in the relation between Europe and its colonial territories. Finally, the essay claims that Gibbon's intervention is relevant to current debates about sovereignty and globalization within the fields of eighteenth-century studies and contemporary political philosophy.
Promoting Brain Health for African Americans: Evaluating the Healthy Brain Initiative, a Community-Level Demonstration Project
Authors: Fuller Felicia T. , Johnson-Turbes Ashani , Hall Mary Ann K. , Osuji Thearis A.
Published: February 2012

Introduction. African Americans are at significantly greater risk than non-Hispanic Whites or Hispanics for cognitive impairment. This study presents an evaluation of the Alzheimer’s Association’s Healthy Brain Initiative, a culturally tailored community-level intervention to increase knowledge and awareness of brain health among African American baby boomers. Methods. The evaluation used a mixed-method design with data collection before, during, and after intervention implementation. Results. The intervention was implemented with fidelity to model design by Alzheimer’s Association chapters. Partnerships between chapters and community organizations to increase awareness of brain health among African American baby boomers were facilitated. Community members who participated in intervention workshops demonstrated increased knowledge, awareness, and intentions to engage in recommended health-protective behaviors. Conclusion. A community-level intervention can increase knowledge and awareness of brain health among African American baby boomers. In addition, such interventions can motivate participants’ intentions to engage in health-protective behaviors to maintain overall health and brain health.
State Policies and Language Access in California’s HMOs: Public Reporting and Regulation of HMOs’ Language Services
Authors: Moreland Christopher J. , Ritley Dominique , Rainwater Julie A. , Romano Patrick S.
Published: February 2012

Objective. Describe the status of language access services for California’s limited English proficient (LEP) health maintenance organization (HMO) members within the context of voluntary public reporting and anticipated state regulation. Study design. Descriptive analysis of longitudinal data provided by health plans. Methods. Retrospective, descriptive analysis of responses to voluntary annual/biennial surveys of commercial, Medicare, Medicaid, and Healthy Families HMOs, 2003–2008. Results. From 2003 to 2008, during California’s public reporting of HMO language services, the percentage of HMOs providing in-person interpretation free of charge to consumers increased to over 80% across all product lines. By 2008, the percentage of commercial HMO plans matching new LEP members to providers by language increased to 70%, while 79% provided telephone interpretation services in at least seven languages. Conclusions. Increasingly HMOs provide language access services for LEP Californians, perhaps resulting from public reporting and anticipated state regulation, although similar trends in other states cannot be ruled out.
Health Reform and Primary Care Capacity: Evidence from Houston/Harris County, Texas
Authors: Begley Charles , Le Phuc , Lairson David , Hanks Jeanne , Omojasola Anthony
Published: February 2012

This study estimated the possible surge in demand for primary care among the low-income population in Houston/Harris County under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and related it to existing supply by safety-net providers. A model of the demand for primary care visits was developed based on California Health Interview Survey data and applied to the Houston/Harris County population. The current supply of primary care visits by safety-net providers was determined by a local survey. Comparisons indicate that safety-net providers in Houston/Harris County are currently meeting about 30% of the demand for primary care visits by the low-income population, and the rest are either met by private practice physicians or are unmet. Demand for primary care by this population is projected to increase by 30% under health reform leading to a drop in demand met by safety-net providers to less than 25%.