bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propafenone versus Amiodarone for Supraventricular Arrhythmias in Septic Shock: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Balik Martin , Maly Michal , Brozek Tomas , Rulisek Jan , Porizka Michal , Sachl Robert , Otahal Michal , Brestovansky Petr , Flaksa Marek , Horejsek Jan , Svobodova Eva , Stach Zdenek , Volny Lukas , Jurisinova Ivana , Novotny Adam , Trachta Pavel , Kunstyr Jan , Kopecky Petr , Tencer Tomas , Pazout Jaroslav , Belohlavek Jan , Duska Frantisek , Krajcova Adela , Waldauf Petr
Published: May 2023

Purpose
Acute onset supraventricular arrhythmias contribute to haemodynamic compromise in septic shock. Both amiodarone and propafenone are drugs of choice, but their clinical effects have not yet been directly compared.
Methods
Two-centre, randomised prospective controlled parallel group double blind trial recruited 209 septic shock patients with new-onset arrhythmia and a left ventricular ejection fraction above 35%. The patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either intravenous propafenone (70mg bolus followed by 400-840mg/24h) or amiodarone (300mg bolus followed by 600-1800mg/24h). The primary outcomes were the proportion of patients who had sinus rhythm 24 hours after the start of the infusion, time to restoration of the first sinus rhythm and the proportion of patients with arrhythmia recurrence.
Results
Out of 209 randomized patients, 200(96%) received the study drug. After 24 hours, 77(72.8%) and 71(67.3%) were in sinus rhythm (p = 0.40), restored after a median of 4.3h (95%CI 2.8;7.3) and 7.8h (95%CI 5.9;11), p = 0.03, with propafenone and amiodarone, respectively. The arrhythmia recurred at least once in 54(52%) patients treated with propafenone and in 80(76%) with amiodarone, p˂0.001. Patients with a dilated left atrium had better rhythm control with amiodarone (6.4h (95%CI 3.5;14.1) until cardioversion vs 14.1h (95%CI 2.8;24.7) in propafenone, p = 0.05).
Conclusion
Propafenone administration in patients with septic shock does not provide better rhythm control at 24 hours yet offers faster cardioversion with fewer arrhythmia recurrences than with amiodarone, especially in patients with a non-dilated left atrium. Both drugs did not differ in their impacts on short- and long-term outcomes.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03029169, registered on 24th of January 2017
ACE2, ACE, DPPIV, PREP and CAT L enzymatic activities in COVID-19: imbalance of ACE2/ACE ratio and potential RAS dysregulation in severe cases
Authors: Neves Raquel Leão , Branquinho Jéssica , Arata Júlia Galanakis , Bittencourt Clarissa Azevedo , Perez Caio Gomes , Riguetti Michelle , Mata Gustavo Ferreira , Fernandes Danilo Euclides , Icimoto Marcelo Yudi , Kirsztajn Gianna Mastroianni , Pesquero João Bosco
Published: May 2023

Objective and design: Several proteases have drawn attention as potential targets to control the SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19), thus circulating enzymatic activity and RAS regulation in severe hospitalized patients still remain to be determined.
Material or subjects: 164 patients with COVID-19-like symptoms were grouped according to the severity of symptoms (COVID-19 negative, mild, moderate and severe).
Methods: Patients were subjected to biochemical analyzes and to enzymatic activities of ACE2, ACE, DPPIV, PREP and CAT L, evaluated in serum samples. One-way ANOVA and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used. Statistical significance was accepted at p<0.05.
Results: We show a correlation among comorbidities, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and disease severity. Additionally, concomitant high levels of D-dimer and CRP could be as prognostic for severe conditions. Assays of enzymatic activities revealed that, according to disease severity, both ACE2 and CAT L were statistically increased, while ACE, DPPIV and PREP activities were significantly reduced. Notably, analysis of ACE2/ACE ratio suggest a possible imbalance of Ang II/Ang1-7 ratio in severe patients.
Conclusion: Our findings reveal the correlation between protease activity and the severity of COVID-19, in addition to highlighting the imbalance of ACE2/ACE ratio, predicting RAS dysregulation, closely related with a poor outcome of disease.
The dynamic functional connectivity of the left rostral hippocampus involved in mediating the association between hippocampal volume and antidepressant efficacy in major depressive disorder
Authors: Kuai Changxiao , Pu Jiayong , Wang Donglin , Tan Zhonglin , Wang Yan , Xue Shao-Wei
Published: May 2023

The hippocampus is highly involved in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), indicating some changes in hippocampal structure and function during MDD condition and also due to antidepressant treatment. However, it is unclear whether structure factors of the hippocampus can effectively impact antidepressant responses by hippocampal functional activity in MDD patients. The longitudinal data were collected from 36 MDD patients before and after 3 months of antidepressant pharmacotherapy. Baseline data from 43 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were also acquired. The dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of the hippocampal subregions was estimated via a sliding-window method based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). The voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to calculate the gray matter volume. The results indicated that patients with MDD exhibited significantly lower dFC of the left rostral hippocampus (rHipp.L) with the right precentral gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus and left postcentral gyrus when compared to healthy controls at baseline. In MDD patients, the dFC of the rHipp.L with right precentral gyrus at baseline was correlated with both the rHipp.L volume and HAMD remission rate (RR%), and also mediated the effects of the rHipp.L volume on antidepressant performance. Our findings suggested that hippocampal functional activity in MDD might continue to act on its structure and further affect antidepressant performance, which provided a novel insight into the neurobiological mechanism of the development route of the therapeutic process for MDD.
Intrusion Detection System for Detection of DDoS Attacks in Cloud Environment
Authors: V Jyothsna , C Manisha , BS NanduSri , K Poorna Chandhu , A Leela Rama Seshu , G Mahalakshmi Manasvi
Published: May 2023

A modern technology which enables users to construct services on demand is cloud computing. Due to its self-service functionality and on demand offerings, cloud computing has seen success. Some security-related risks are brought on by remote cloud-based data evaluation and maintenance, particularly with DDoS Attacks. These assaults are the result of intrusion efforts or hacker attempts to access data stored on the main server or moving between the client and server. Without the data owner's knowledge, the attacker acquires the data and alters it as needed. For the widespread adoption of cloud computing, it is crucial to develop defences against this assault. Over the past few years, intrusion detection (ID) in a cloud setting has drawn a lot of attention. Machine learning-based ID methods are among the most recent techniques that enable us to find unidentified assaults. However, building a cloud based ID system (IDS) that is resistant to a broad variety of unknown attacks remains difficult due to the scarcity of malicious samples and the quick evolution of diverse attacks. This study creates a deep feedforward neural network algorithm-based intruder detection system using Bat optimization. The CICDDOS2019 dataset is used by the suggested technique to analyze performance.
2D Image to 3D Box with Deep Learning Method
Authors: WU DONGJUN
Published: May 2023

This article will show you a method for converting 2d images into 3d bounding boxes. The idea is to split the task into two steps. Firstly, we use neural network to output 3D object features displayed in 2D images. Then, we combine the boundary information of 2D objects in the images to generate geometric constraints on 3D objects, so as to get a complete 3D boundary box. In the first step, we defined an innovative loss function called combined_orientation_loss. This loss function took into account both the cosine distance and Euclidean distance, so that the length of the direction vector could also be reflected in the loss, which could enhance the sensitivity of the model to the prediction accuracy. In the second step, we return to the dimensions of 3D objects, which are relatively stable and therefore suitable for predicting a wide range of object types. Combining these two steps and the translation constraints of the object in the 2D image, we can accurately and stably restore its 3D border shape. We evaluated our approach on the KITTI target detection benchmark, including the official measure of 3D direction estimates and the accuracy of the resulting 3D bounding box. In the case of low calculation requirements achieved good results.
Overexpression of glycosyltransferase genes enhance the production of extracellular polysaccharides in Cordyceps militaris
Authors: Xu De , Yan Bai , Yang Shengli , Zhang Hui
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to increase the production of extracellular polysaccharides in Cordyceps militaris by overexpressing polysaccharide transferase genes, including alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Kre5), alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase (CMT1), alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase subunit (A16), and alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase (A12) genes. The research data showed that, except for the CM-CMT1 strain, the extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) content of the other seven recombinant strains was higher than that of the wild-type strain, indicating that overexpression of key enzyme genes increased polysaccharide production. Among the single-gene recombinant strains, the CM-Kre5 strain had the highest EPS production, reaching 3.27 ± 0.18 g/L, which was 23.3% higher than that of the CM-WT strain, indicating that the Kre5 gene had the greatest impact on Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide biosynthesis. Among the combination gene recombinant strains, the CM-Kre5-CMT1-A16 strain had the highest EPS production, reaching 4.22 ± 0.35 g/L, which was 59.2% higher than that of the CM-WT strain, indicating that gene combination expression can further increase Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide production. Therefore, this study provides a new way for the development of EPSs and their downstream products in Cordyceps militaris.
Fabrication of Highly Porous MOF/Cellulose Beads for Sustained Degradation of Dye
Authors: Wu Yuhang , Li Yuwen , Zheng Yanchun , Yao Juming , Gao Junkuo
Published: May 2023

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have received widespread attention in recent years. However, the powder form of MOFs limits their large-scale applications. To facilitate the application of MOFs, mass production and shaped manufacturing of MOFs is significantly effective. Herein, a generic method based on a simple polymerization technique is proposed to prepare highly porous MOF-cellulose composite beads and the application of these composite beads in dye removal and recovery is displayed. Non-toxic solvent water and biodegradable sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) were used as raw materials in the synthesis method. In addition to maintaining the crystallinity and porosity of the MOFs embedded in the cellulose matrix, the unique three-dimensional (3D) lamellar interconnected structure provides good mechanical properties for the composite beads. To demonstrate the practicality of these composite beads, a recycling processing system was built as a proof-of-concept device. MIL-100/CMC-HD can effectively degrade more than 95% of the dye and can be recycled multiple times. The superiority of the MOF-cellulose composite beads is highlighted by their ease of recycling and storage compared to MOF powder.
Peripheral CD8 + PD-1 + T cells as novel biomarker for neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in humanized mice of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Guo Wenwen , Qiao Tianyun , Li Hui , Zhao Yong , Qin Jing , Zhang Caiqin , Shi Changhong
Published: May 2023

Background
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has shown promising clinical activity in the treatment of early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, further clarification of the specific mechanism and identification of biomarkers are imperative prior to implementing it as a daily practice.
Methods
We investigated the impact of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (combining cisplatin with pembrolizumab) on an established preclinical NSCLC mouse model engrafted with human immune system, and explored its potential mechanism. We further explored potential biomarkers for neoadjuvant therapy and conducted in vivo validation using the model. In addition, both peripheral blood and tumor specimens from 14 patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy were analyzed to validate our findings.
Results
Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy could prevent postoperative recurrence and metastasis by increasing the frequency and activation of CD8+ T cells in both peripheral blood and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). The kinetics of peripheral CD8+PD-1+ T cells reflected the changes in the TIME and pathological responses, ultimately predicting survival outcome of mice. Further analysis of clinical specimens not only confirmed the reprogramming of TIME, but also validated CD8+PD-1+ T cells as rational biomarker.
Conclusions
The kinetics of peripheral CD8+ T cells can serve as a predictor for changes in TIME and overall antitumor immune responses, ultimately reflecting the outcomes of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in both preclinical and clinical setting. Our findings establish a theoretical foundation for the clinical translation of this promising biomarker.
AI-based FPGA Accelerator for EVs Battery Management System
Authors: Nagarale Satyashil D. , Patil B. P.
Published: May 2023

The swift progress of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Hybrid-Electric Vehicles (HEVs) has driven advancements in Battery Management Systems (BMS). However, optimizing the algorithms that drive these systems remains a challenge. Recent breakthroughs in data science, particularly in deep learning networks, have introduced the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network as a solution for sequence problems. While GPUs and ASICs have been used to improve performance in AI-based applications, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have gained popularity due to their low power consumption and high-speed acceleration, making them ideal for AI implementation. One of the critical components of EVs and HEVs is the BMS, which performs operations to optimize the use of energy stored in lithium-ion (LiB) batteries. Due to the nonlinear electrochemical nature of these batteries, estimating States of Charge, States of Health (SOH), and Remaining Useful Life (RUL) is challenging. This paper proposes an advanced AI-based BMS that uses LSTM to accurately estimate Lithium-ion Battery states, providing crucial information for battery performance optimization. The proposed design is implemented in Python for training and validation. The hardware prototype is synthesized using Xilinx Vitis High-Level Synthesis (HLS) and implemented on Xilinx Zynq System-on-Chip (SoC) PYNQ Z2 board, achieving low RMSE values of 0.3438 and 0.3681 in training and validation, respectively.
Research on Thermal Aging Properties of Modified E-51 Epoxy Resin for Power-on Warning Helmet
Authors: Shu Shi , Zhang Xudong , Yang Jiaquan , Yang Yang , Li Mengyang , Hu Nannan
Published: May 2023

The power-on warning helmet was used to detect the three- dimensional electrical field near electrical equipment with high voltage. However, the power-on warning helmet will be used in low temperature (-40℃) and high temperature (50℃) environment, E-51 epoxy resin with medium viscosity will be chosen to insulate the joint of conducting wire and fill the seam between two neighboring insulating plates of housing shell. Due to brittleness, the unmodified E-51 epoxy resin system can’t absorb huge internal stress at cryogenic temperature, so the modified E-51 epoxy resin system was developed to investigate the thermal aging properties, which aims at revealing the influence of heating temperature and heating time on the evolution of micro structure, thermo stability of micro structure and mechanical properties. The testing results indicate the micro structure of modified E-51 epoxy resin system is stable after 50 thermal cycling, and the micro structure of modified E-51 epoxy resin system is stable after 50 thermal cycling & heating 105 ℃ & 120 h too. Compared with the mechanical tensile strength of modified E-51 epoxy resin system after 50 thermal cycling & heating 105 ℃ & 120 h, the mechanical tensile strength of modified E-51 epoxy resin system after 50 thermal cycling & heating 105 ℃ & 240 h declines about 13.63%. However, the modified E-51 epoxy resin system after heating for 480 h can lead to significant change of micro structure. The mechanical tensile tests indicate the defects in cured system can lead to dramatically decrease of tensile strength. Consequently, in order to obtain high performance, modification and micro homogeneity of E-51 epoxy resin system are necessary.
Association between exposure to Occupational hazard factors and multimorbidity in steelworkers: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lu Haipeng , Xu Xianghui , Hu Jiaqi , Zhao Zekun , Si Zhikang , Wang Xuelin , Wang Hui , Meng Rui , Wang Huan , Zheng Yizhan , Chen Jiaqi , Wu Jianhui , Xue Ling , Jing Liwei , Li Xiaoming
Published: May 2023

Multimorbidity is a huge public health issue that affects people's health significantly on a global scale. Many chronic diseases have been linked to exposure to workplace dangers. The goal of this study was to comprehend the existing degree of multimorbidity among steel workers, the connection between cumulative occupational hazard exposure and multimorbidity, and to build the groundwork for the creation of preventative and control strategies for multimorbidity among steelworkers. This cross-sectional study included 3577 steel workers who had occupational health examinations in 2017. The relationship between occupational risks and the prevalence of multimorbidity in steel workers was examined using multiple logistic regression. We discovered that the rate of multimorbidity was 61.3%. The risk of multimorbidity among employees exposed to high levels of shift work, heat, noise, and dust was 1.520 (95% CI: 1.147 to 2.014), 3.376 (95% CI: 2.583 to 4.413), 2.069 (95% CI: 1.653 to 2.590), and 1.509 (95% CI: 1.1262.023) respectively in a multifactorial logistic regression analysis. Steelworkers need stronger protection against each occupational hazard since multimorbidity is highly common within the steel sector as a whole and is made more likely by occupational hazard exposure.
Cuproptosis-related lncRNAs as a novel biomarker to predict prognosis and explore biological function in cervical cancer
Authors: Fu Liye , Wang Yang , Jiang Tao , Guan Chao , Li Yan
Published: May 2023

We aim to investigate a prognostic signature of cuproptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and to search for effective individualized clinical treatment strategies. Transcription profiles and clinical follow-up data of CC were retrieved from TCGA database. Three cuproptosis-related lncRNAs closely related to the prognosis of patients with CC were identified and used to construct a prognostic signature via LASSO Cox regression. The predictive performance of the signature was evaluated by K-M analysis and ROC analysis. The expression and biological function of the three lncRNAs in CC were verified by CCK-8, wound healing assay, transwell assay, qRT-PCR and WB blot. The ROC curves confirmed the superior predictive performance of the signature compared with conventional clinicopathological characteristics in CC. Furthermore, HIF-1 signaling pathway and TGF-β signaling pathway differed significantly between the two risk groups according to functional enrichment analysis. Finally, the results showed that CDKN2B-AS1 interference, SGMS1-AS1 and LINC02356 overexpression inhibited the proliferation activity of Hela cells. The invasion of Hela cells was remarkably inhibited, significantly attenuated migration functions and also the expressions of TGF-β, Smad2, Smad3 and Smad4 were decreased. The three cuproptosis-related lncRNAs may help predict CC patients' OS and thus could assist clinicians in making personalized treatment plans for CC patients.
DDETR-SLAM: A Transformer-Based Approach to Pose Optimization in Dynamic Environments
Authors: Li Feng , Liu Yuanyuan , Wang Guodong , Li Chunguang
Published: May 2023

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is a critical technology for accurate robot localization and path planning. It has been an important area of research to improve localization accuracy. In this paper, we propose a Transformer-based visual semantic SLAM algorithm (DDETR-SLAM) to address the shortcomings of traditional visual SLAM frameworks, such as large localization errors in dynamic scenes and “ghosting” in 3D mapping. First, by incorporating the Deformable DETR (DEtection TRansformer) network as an object detection thread, the pose estimation accuracy of the system is improved compared to ORB-SLAM2. Furthermore, a dynamic feature point culling algorithm that combines the semantic information is designed to eliminate outlier points generated by dynamic objects, thereby improving the accuracy and robustness of SLAM localization and mapping. Experiments are conducted on the public TUM datasets to verify the localization accuracy, computational efficiency, and readability of the point cloud map of DDETR-SLAM. The results show that in highly dynamic environments, the ATE (Absolute Trajectory Error), translation error, and rotation error are reduced by 98.45%, 95.34%, and 92.67%, respectively, when compared to ORB-SLAM2. In most cases, our proposed system outperforms DS-SLAM, DynaSLAM, Detect-SLAM, RGB-D SLAM, and YOLOv5 + ORB-SLAM2, and our methodology improves location accuracy. The dense mapping also has better readability. The RPE (Relative Trajectory Error) is only 0.0076 m, and the ATE is only 0.0063 m.
Integrating nitrogen fertilization with crop residue management to improve nitrogen-use efficiency of crops
Authors: Jahangir M.M.R. , Kamruzzaman M. , Ferdous J. , Rahman M. S. , Islam K. R.
Published: May 2023

Nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) of crops is critical for addressing global food security in response to climate change effects. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effects of N fertilization integrated with crop residue management to optimize NUE of crops. A replicated 2 x 4 split-plot experiment in randomized complete block design was conducted during the 2020–2022 on farmers’ fields at Bogura, Cumilla, and Mymensingh sites of Bangladesh. The main plots were two levels of crop residues (no residue, NR vs. 30% residue, CR) combined with sub-plots of four levels of N fertilizers (control, CL; farmers’ practice, FP; national recommended dose, RD, and 125% of RD, 125RD) on potato (Solanum tuberosum, L.), maize (Zea mays, L.), and rice (Oryza sativa, L.) systems. N fertilization when interacted with residue retention progressively increased crop yield. Residue alone contributed significantly to increase NUE of potato and maize by 9 and 6%, respectively. The NUE of rice increased significantly, while the NUE of maize decreased with N fertilization. The comparison of NUE models suggested that the nationally recommended N fertilization should be adjusted to 169, 152, 187, 92, and 112 kg/ha for potato, maize, Boro, Aus, and Aman rice, respectively. For potato and Aman rice, the SNMI showed better results, whereas for Boro, Aus, and maize, utilizing both NUE and SNMI provided maximum benefit from N management.
Rivaroxaban: A New Hope for Anticoagulation in LDLT Recipients
Authors: Khan Bilal Ahmed , Khalid Abdullah , Saeed Zubair , Haq Ihsan , Khan Muhammad Yasir , Rashid Sohail , Naveed Ammara , Dar Faisal Saud
Published: May 2023

Purpose:
Thromboembolic complications remain a significant concern in postoperative patients, particularly those who have undergone liver transplantation. Warfarin has been the standard oral anticoagulant. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have several advantages over warfarin, including rapid onset of action and standardized dose guidelines. However, their use in the liver transplant population remains poorly studied. We aimed to assess the safety of rivaroxaban in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) recipients.
Methods:
This study was a single-center, retrospective descriptive analysis of LDLT recipients who received rivaroxaban between December 2020 and April 2022. A total of 27 recipients received rivaroxaban postoperatively. Liver function tests and immunosuppression levels were recorded before the initiation of rivaroxaban & then on post-therapy days 1, 7, 14, 28, 90, and 180.
Results:
Among the 27 recipients receiving rivaroxaban postoperatively, portal venous thrombosis was the most prevalent indication for anticoagulation (44.4%), followed by Budd-Chiari Syndrome (29.6%). Nine patients had a twofold increase in either ALT or AST values, two of whom were treated for biliary strictures and the others for rejection. Eighteen patients were given tacrolimus, and eight were on cyclosporine, with one patient switched from tacrolimus to cyclosporine due to insufficient therapeutic levels. There were no incidents of bleeding or re-thrombosis during the 180-day follow-up period.
Conclusion:
Rivaroxaban may be a safe and effective alternative in LDLT recipients with no significant adverse incidents. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings and determine this population's optimal dose and duration of rivaroxaban therapy.
Optimal Temporal Decay Rates of the Solution for Combustion of Compressible Fluids
Authors: Fu Shengbin , Huang Wenting , Wang Weiwei
Published: May 2023

This paper explores the Cauchy problem and temporal decay rates associated with the Navier-Stokes equations featuring reaction diffusion. Suppose that the initial data is a small perturbation near the equilibrium state ρ∞, 0, θ∞,ζ), where ρ∞> 0, θ∞ < θI(the ignition temperature), and 0 < ζ≤ 1, we first establish the global-in-time existence of the strong solutions via a standard continued argument. With the additional L1-integrability of the initial perturbation, we then employ the Fourier theory and the cancellation mechanism of low-medium frequent part to derive the optimal temporal decay rates of the all-order derivatives of the strong solution. The work of this paper can be considered as the further investigation to [Wang-Wen, Sci. China Math. 65, 2022, 1199-1228].
Affordable Combustion Synthesis of V2AlC Precursor for V2CTx MXene
Authors: Vorotilo Stepan , Shuck Christopher E. , Anayee Mark , Shekhirev Mikhail , Matthews Kyle , Lord Robert W. , Roslyk Iryna , Balitskiy Vitalii , Zahorodna Veronika , Gogotsi Oleksiy , Gogotsi Yury , Wang Ruocun (John)
Published: May 2023

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) possess a unique combination of properties, such as metallic conductivity combined with hydrophilicity and surface redox activity, that are important for energy storage, printed electronics, biomedical, catalytic and other applications. However, the use of many MXene chemistries beyond titanium carbides is limited by the cost of MAX phase precursors, which are usually produced from pure elements, involving expensive transition metals. Herein, we demonstrate a low-cost rapid aluminothermic combustion synthesis of MAX phases from an inexpensive oxide precursor, producing V2AlC in seconds, with low energy input. A reactor for self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) was designed and manufactured for this study. The V2CTx MXene produced from the SHS MAX is similar to MXene from conventional pressureless sintered MAX in terms of oxidation resistance, environmental stability, conductivity, and electrochemical performance, but has a larger flake size. This work demonstrates an alternative, low-cost and scalable approach to the synthesis of MAX phases and, subsequently, MXenes without sacrificing their properties.
Emergent orbital magnetization in Kitaev quantum magnets
Authors: Banerjee Saikat , Lin Shi-Zeng
Published: May 2023

Unambiguous identification of the Kitaev quantum spin liquid (QSL) in materials remains a huge challenge despite many encouraging signs from various measurements. To facilitate the experimental detection of the Kiteav QSL, here we propose to use remnant charge response in Mott insulators hosting QSL to identify the key signatures of QSL. We predict an emergent orbital magnetization in a Kitaev system in an external magnetic field. The direction of the orbital magnetization can be flipped by rotating the external magnetic field in the honeycomb plane. The orbital magnetization is demonstrated explicitly through a detailed microscopic analysis of the multiorbital Hubbard-Kanamori Hamiltonian and also supported by a phenomenological picture. We first derive the localized electrical loop current operator in terms of the spin degrees of freedom. Thereafter, utilizing the Majorana representation, we estimate the loop currents in the ground state of the chiral Kitaev QSL state, and obtain the consequent current textures, which are responsible for the emergent orbital magnetization. Finally, we discuss the possible experimental techniques to visualize the orbital magnetization which can be considered as the signatures of the underlying excitations.
Clinical and pharmacological approaches to personalization of the prescription of oral anticoagulants: clinical cases
Authors: Fedina L. V. , Sychev I. N. , Rastvorova T. D. , Mirzaev K. B. , Sychev D. A.
Published: May 2023

Anticoagulants play an important role in reducing complications and mortality associated with thromboembolic disease. For some time, vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) have been the main drugs used for long-term oral anticoagulant therapy, but because of the significant limitations of VKAs over the past decade, pharmacological research has led to the development of new direct actingoral anticoagulants (DOACs). Direct-acting oral anticoagulants have a rapid onset of action with peak levels within 2–4 hours and a half-life of about 12 hours, which is much shorter than that of vitamin K antagonists, a more predictable anticoagulant effect, no need for dose selection, routine laboratory monitoring of pharmacodynamic effects, and a lower frequency of clinically significant drug-drug interactions compared with warfarin. But anticoagulants can still cause serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the form of hemorrhagic complications in hospitalized patients, as confirmed in studies. Currently, clinical-pharmacological technologies of personalized medicine such as pharmacogenetic and pharmacokinetic studies are considered as promising approaches to improve the safety of modern pharmacotherapy, allowing the prediction and prevention of various ADRs. In addition, there are emerging studies showing the importance of genetic features of patients in relation to the metabolism of oral anticoagulants, as well as described clinical situations where different gene polymorphisms, could be responsible for changes in the pharmacokinetics of DOACs. This article reviews clinical cases in which pharmacogenetic testing and therapeutic drug monitoring are used to optimize the clinical efficacy and maximum safety of anticoagulant therapy with apixaban and rivaroxaban.
GERAKAN KESALEHAN KELOMPOK SUFI SAR JUBA RESCUE TAREKAT SYADZILIYYAH DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Warsito Warsito , Zainuddin Muhammad
Published: May 2023

This reseach studies the conversion of the identity of a group of ex hoodlums into the SAR group of Juba Rescue of the Syadziliyyah Tarekat. The group of ex hoodlums of Juba Rescue of Syadziliyyah tarekat is a new phenomenon that finds ascetic Sufi teachings with a hoodlums past experiments that is far from worship values and hunts the world at all costs. They try to get closer to Allah with various Islamic practices such as dhikr, visiting graves, and reading the Qur'an, at the same time they also entertain themselves by playing music, singing, playing chess, smoking and staying up late. This group was fostered by K.H. Muhammad Ali, one of the sons of K.H. Naharsurur, founder of the Ta'mirul Islam boarding school. This new phenomenon is studied using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Meanwhile, the theory used in this study is the theory of social identity and social movement. These two theories explain the social conditions that enabled the emergence of this group, explain the framing process or the process of coaching ex-hoodlums and explain the process of mass mobilization. In the study, it was found that the past street life of ex hoodlums had an effect on the process of learning religion and the spirit of carrying out their religious life. Religious activities that combine Sufi piety and worldly pleasures become a religious pattern that can bridge the da'wah of Islam to street people.
PENDIDIKAN TAUHID DALAM NASKAH HET BOEK VAN BONANG PENDEKTAN FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Waluyo Waluyo
Published: May 2023

Het Boek van Bonang is one of several texts which have been used as historical sources for the truth of Walisongo's existence. This research is motivated by the author's interest and the uniqueness of the Het Boek van Bonang manuscript which is a source of Islamic teachings attributed to Sunan Bonang. Efforts to uncover the essence of monotheism education in texts use an educational philosophy approach. The educational philosophy method is the formal object of this study, in the analysis using the ontology, epistemology and axiology approaches. The results to be achieved in this study are what and how is the essence of auhid education in the texts of Sunan Bonang. This study found that Sunan Bonang's educational teachings were about the importance of believing in God with the teachings of monotheism (oneness of God). The teaching of Oneness through understanding the meaning of the shahada in each of its da'wah education.
Application of a hybrid ANFIS with metaheuristic algorithms to estimate the aeration design parameters
Authors: Hekmat Mohsen , Sarkardeh Hamed , Jabbari Ebrahim , Samadi Mehrshad
Published: May 2023

Cavitation is a common and complex hydraulic phenomenon on the chute spillways and may cause damage to the structure. Aeration in the water flow is one of the best ways to prevent cavitation. To design an aerator, estimation of aeration coefficient (β), jet length (L/h0), and jet impact angle on chute (tanγ) are important in this study. The potential of a hybrid adaptive neuro-fuzzy interface system (ANFIS) with metaheuristic algorithms was investigated to estimate the required parameters to design an aerator. The ANFIS was combined with four metaheuristic algorithms, including differential evolution (DE), ant colony optimization (ACO), genetic algorithm (GA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO). Experimental data and dimensionless parameters were used to develop the proposed hybrid ANFIS models. Three statistical indicators, including root mean square error (RMSE), mean average error (MAE), and coefficient of determination (R2), were employed to compare the proposed methods with empirical relations. According to the statistical indicators, among the data-driven methods, the ANFIS–DE method had the best prediction in estimating β (RMSE = 0.018, R2 = 0.984, MAE = 0.013), L/h0 (RMSE = 1.293, R2 = 0.963, MAE = 1.082), and tanγ (RMSE = 0.009, R2 = 0.939, MAE = 0.007).
Optimization of water reuse and modelling by saline composition with nanoparticles based on machine learning architectures
Authors: Rao Koppula Srinivas , Tirth Vineet , Almujibah Hamad , Alshahri Abdullah H. , Hariprasad V. , Senthilkumar N.
Published: May 2023

Water is a necessary resource that enables the existence of all life forms, including humans. Freshwater usage has become increasingly necessary in recent years. Facilities for treating seawater are less dependable and effective. Deep learning methods have the ability to improve salt particle analysis in saltwater's accuracy and efficiency, which will enhance the performance of water treatment plants. This research proposes a novel technique in optimization of water reuse with nanoparticle analysis based on machine learning architecture. Here, the optimization of water reuse is carried out based on nanoparticle solar cell for saline water treatment and the saline composition has been analyzed using a gradient discriminant random field. Experimental analysis is carried out in terms of specificity, computational cost, kappa coefficient, training accuracy, and mean average precision for various tunnelling electron microscope (TEM) image datasets. The bright-field TEM (BF-TEM) dataset attained a specificity of 75%, kappa coefficient of 44%, training accuracy of 81%, and mean average precision of 61%, whereas the annular dark-field scanning TEM (ADF-STEM) dataset produced specificity of 79%, kappa coefficient of 49%, training accuracy of 85%, and mean average precision of 66% as compared with the existing artificial neural network (ANN) approach.
Intertextuality and Its Different Facets in the Narrative Analysis of the Book of Esther and 3 Maccabees
Authors: Trojanowska Mariola
Published: May 2023

While the interpretation of the book of Esther has posed many challenges in the past, a key and well-recognized aspect of this text is that it presents a narrative behind one of the most important Jewish holidays, namely, Purim. As such, it also strongly influenced Jewish culture, including similar texts written to cultivate Jewish traditions in the diaspora. In this article, an analysis of possible intertextual connections between Esther and the apocryphal book of 3 Maccabees is presented. The latter was likely written for Jews living in Alexandria. While this topic has been studied in the past by several authors, in this article emphasis is laid on narrative similarity between both books. In particular, five key elements of this similarity have been identified, and additional parallel fragments have been presented. Their distribution and their likely origin from different versions of the book of Esther support claims about the possible origin of 3 Maccabees from a mature version of Esther.
The Lion Against the Eagle: A Critical Appraisal of the Anti-Imperial Reading of Paul
Authors: Kowalski Marcin
Published: May 2023

The article presents a synthetic analysis of empire criticism in Pauline letters, beginning with the omnipresence and character of imperial cult in Paul’s time. Subsequently, the author highlights the places in Pauline letters that are usually associated with anti-imperial rhetoric. The following part of the article critically appraises the arguments for the presence of an anti-imperial script in Paul’s letters. The conclusions critically assess the methodology and premises of empire criticism, which essentially ignores Paul’s argumentative context, refers to the problematic “hidden transcript,” and can be strongly informed by contemporary ideologies. According to the author, Paul does not fight with the Empire, accepting its institutions and social order and trying to change them from within. Although the apostle does not consciously use the anti-imperial script, the Good News he preached and the communities he founded possess an anti-imperial potential. In light of this, the article ultimately advocates a careful application of empire criticism to Paul, which can serve a better understanding of the New Testament background and the message of Paul.
Network Analysis and Basic Experiments on the Inhibition of Renal
Cancer Proliferation and Migration by Alpinetin through PI3K/AKT/
mTOR Pathway
Authors: Guo Yu , Jiang Li , Luo Shengjun , Hu Daixing , Zhao Xin , Zhao Guozhi , Tang Wei
Published: May 2023

Background:

Alpinetin, a natural flavonoid, has been shown to have
anticancer effects on many tumors. This study investigated the antitumor effect of
alpinetin on renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods:

Network Pharmacology analysis was carried out on the targets and molecular
mechanisms of alpinetin treating ccRCC. The Annexin V PE/7-AAD kit was used to
detect apoptosis. Flow cytometry and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) were used to detect
cell proliferation and cycle. A 24-well transwell chamber and the ibidi scratch insertion
performed cell migration analysis. The protein expression of the target molecule was
detected by Western blotting. Nude mouse tumorigenesis assays were used to
determine the in vivo antitumor effects of alpinetin.

Results:

The network pharmacology revealed that GAPDH, HRAS, SRC, EGFR, and
AKT1 are the main targets of alpinetin in treating ccRCC, with the PI3K/AKT signaling
pathway being the main pathway of action. We found that alpinetin could significantly
inhibit the proliferation and migration of ccRCC cells by inducing apoptosis. In addition,
alpinetin also inhibited the cycle progression of ccRCC cells by blocking them in the G1
phase. Furthermore, in vivo and in vitro, alpinetin could inhibit the activation of an
important pathway involved in the proliferation and migration of ccRCC cells, namely the
PI3K/Akt pathway.

Conclusion:

Alpinetin can inhibit the growth of ccRCC cells by inhibiting the activation
of the PI3K/Akt pathway and can be a potential anti-cancer drug for ccRCC.
DDX3X Deficiency Attenuates Pyroptosis Induced by Oxygen-glucose
Deprivation/Reoxygenation in N2a Cells
Authors: Liu Yong , Gui Yanlin , Tang Hao , Yu Jianping , Yuan Zhengzhou , Liu Lei , Ma Xuntai , Li Changqing
Published: May 2023

Background:

NOD‑like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis
is strongly related to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. DDX3X, the DEAD-box family's
ATPase/RNA helicase, promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation. However, whether
DDX3X deficiency attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis induced by cerebral I/R
injury.

Objectives:

This study investigated whether DDX3X deficiency attenuates NLRP3 inflammasomemediated
pyroptosis in N2a cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reoxygenation (OGD/R) treatment.

Methods:

In vitro model of cerebral I/R injury, mouse neuro2a (N2a) cells subjected to OGD/R
were treated with the knockdown of DDX3X. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and Lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH) cytotoxicity assay were conducted to measure cell viability and membrane
permeability. Double immunofluorescence was performed to determine the pyroptotic cells.
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe morphological changes of pyroptosis.
Pyroptosis-associated proteins were analyzed by Western blotting.

Results:

The OGD/R treatment reduced cell viability, increased pyroptotic cells and released LDH
compared to the control group. TEM showed membrane pore formation of pyroptosis. Immunofluorescence
showed that GSDMD was translocated from the cytoplasm to the membrane after
OGD/R treatment. Western blotting showed that the expression of DDX3X, and pyroptosis-related
proteins (NLRP3, cleaved-Caspase1, and GSDMD-N) were increased after OGD/R treatment.
Nevertheless, DDX3X knockdown markedly improved cell viability and reduced LDH release,
expression of pyroptosis-related proteins, and N2a cells pyroptosis. DDX3X knockdown significantly
inhibited membrane pore formation and GSDMD translocation from cytoplasm to membrane.

Conclusion:

This research demonstrates for the first time that DDX3X knockdown attenuates
OGD/R‑induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis, which implies that DDX3X
may become a potential therapeutic target for cerebral I/R injury.
2D-QSAR Modeling, Docking, Synthesis and In-Vitro Evaluation of Novel
Flavone Derivatives as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Surajambika Remya Ramachandran , Palanikarasu Pavithra
Published: May 2023

Background:

Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and is responsible for
10 million deaths in 2020 (2.26 million breast cancer deaths). Due to the problems like drug resistance,
toxicities and economic burden, there is a need for the development of novel anticancer
agents.

Objectives:

To design novel flavone derivatives by 2D QSAR studies and docking studies and to
evaluate the compounds as potential anticancer agents against MCF7 cell line by MTT assay.

Methods:

We designed a series of novel flavone derivatives by 2D QSAR modelling using the
software QSARINS.The molecular docking studies were carried out to study the molecular interaction
and binding affinitiesof the designed compounds against tyrosine protein kinase (PDB ID:
2SRC) by Auto DockVina software. ADMET profiles were calculated for all the designed compounds
and five compounds were chosen for synthesis.The synthesized compounds were characterized
and evaluated in vitro for anticancer activity against MCF7 cell line by MTT assay. Based on
2D QSAR and molecular docking studies, compounds 3c, 3f, 3i and 3m were synthesized and evaluated
for anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell lines.

Results:

Molecular docking studies of the compounds showed good binding affinity against tyrosine-
protein kinase (2SRC). The synthesized flavone derivatives were evaluated for anti-cancer activity
against human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by MTT assay using cisplatin as a positive control.
The novel flavone derivative (3c) exhibits more cytotoxicity effect, and the IC50 value of the
compound was found to be 52.03 μg/ml. Optimization of these novel scaffolds requires extensive
studies on more derivatives.

Conclusion:

The novel flavone derivatives will be good lead compounds targeting breast cancer.
Characterization and Extraction of Bioactive Compounds in Ethanolic
Extract of Moringa concanensis, Nimmo Leaf, Using Microwave-assisted
and Soxhlet Techniques
Authors: Singh Amerendra , Singh Santosh Kumar , Upadhyay Prabhat Kumar , Mishra Jai Narayan , Vishwakarma Vishal Kumar
Published: May 2023

Background:

The extraction of Moringa concanensis (Nimmo leaf) was done in ethanol
using Soxhlet and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) techniques to obtain bioactive compounds.

Methods:

The standard techniques were used to carry out phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract.
The analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, steroids, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides,
tannins, and saponins, and also the absence of anthraquinones. Moreover, the extract was evaluated for
antioxidant activities using DPPH and ABTS assays. The IC50 value of the extract was also determined.

Results:

A clear correlation between the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant
activity of the leaf extracts was obtained.

Conclusion:

This study suggests that a high amount of phenolic compounds could be obtained from
Moringa concanensis (Nimmo leaf) by using the microwave-assisted extraction technique, which may
be responsible for its antioxidant activity.
A Comparative Study of Various Digital Image Watermarking
Techniques: Specific to Hybrid Watermarking
Authors: Jaiswal Sushma , Pandey Manoj Kumar
Published: May 2023

Digital security is one of the important aspects of today’s era. Digital content is being
grown every day on the internet; therefore, it is essential to guard the copyright of digital content
using various techniques. Watermarking has emerged as an important field of study aiming at
securing digital content and copyright protection. None of the watermarking techniques can provide
well robustness against all the attacks, and algorithms are designed based on required specifications,
which means there is a lot of opportunity in this field. Image watermarking is a vast area of
research, starting from spatial-based methods to deep learning-based methods, and it has recently
gained a lot of popularity due to the involvement of deep learning technology for ensuring the security
of digital content. This study aims at exploring important highlights from spatial to deep learning
methods of watermarking, which will be helpful for the researchers. In order to accomplish this
study, the standard research papers of the last ten years have been obtained from various databases
and reviewed to answer the five research questions. Open issues and challenges are identified and
listed after reviewing various kinds of literature. Our study reveals that hybrid watermarking performs
better in terms of balancing the trade-off between imperceptibility and robustness. Current
research trends and future direction is also discussed.