bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Permanent Strain Behavior of Marginal Granular Material
Authors: Li Wentao , Wilson Douglas J. , Larkin Tam J. , Black Philippa M.
Published: June 2017

To better understand the marginality of marginal granular materials (i.e., an aggregate that does not fully meet a premium quality specification), this study investigated the permanent strain behavior of two granular materials with different geological and mineralogical characteristics under repeated loading and different moisture conditions. The secant permanent strain rate and shakedown approach were used to analyze the permanent strain behavior of the materials. A one-dimensional swelling test was used to explain the mechanism of the permanent strain behavior of the soaked materials under repeated loading. The results show that compared with a New Zealand premium quality aggregate, the marginal aggregate exhibits a more significant increase in the cumulative permanent strain and the secant permanent strain rate after the 4-day soaking process. The results of the shakedown approach illustrate that the marginal aggregate performs reasonably well to resist permanent deformation in a dry condition, but the performance will considerably deteriorate when in contact with water under high stress. This change is a result of the presence of swelling clay minerals (e.g., smectite) in the marginal aggregates. The result of the one-dimensional swelling test indicates the high swelling potential of marginal aggregate, which provides an explanation for its poorer resistance to permanent strain. The marginal aggregate gains undesirable internal lubrication when surrounded by (moist) swelling clay mineral particles; thus, its shear strength reduces and permanent strain rate increases under repeated loading.
Case Study on the Use of Mobile Lidar to Produce a Preliminary Drainage Design
Authors: Gurganus Charles F. , Gharaibeh Nasir G. , Scullion Tom
Published: June 2017

Inadequate and ineffective roadway and roadside drainage causes highway pavements to fail prematurely. For rehabilitation techniques to perform as desired, surface and subsurface drainage conditions must first be addressed. Mobile lidar is emerging as a safe and effective tool for collecting vast amounts of surface data that can assist in developing drainage designs. This paper presents a case study on the application of mobile lidar to develop a preliminary drainage design on US-75 in north Texas. A design is provided for an underdrain system that includes both longitudinal and lateral pipes. A roadside grading design is provided that works in concert with the underdrain design to move the water away from the pavement structure. Design constraints and challenges include a roadside ditch flow line higher than the pavement structure, slope stability concerns along the frontage road, front slope steepness along a high-speed corridor, and depth of cut within the pavement for installation of the underdrain. The preliminary design, developed from data collected with mobile lidar, was provided to the Texas Department of Transportation. This design has already been used to improve the drainage in the roadside ditch.
Customer acceptance of NFC technology: An exploratory study in the wine industry
Authors: Bandinelli Romeo , Fani Virginia , Rinaldi Rinaldo
Published: June 2017

Near Field Communication (NFC) is currently perceived as one of the most promising technologies for, and will most likely become a standard in, mobile devices in the years to come. Due to the novel nature of this technology, the assessment of its importance for one of the most relevant sectors in the Italian economy, the wine industry, is still relatively unclear. The present study investigates customer acceptance in using NFC technology as an anti-counterfeiting tool using the established traditional Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) together with other variables derived from other studies. To reach this result, a survey has been used, completed by 216 respondents. In order to analyze the data, a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and a Structural Equation Model (SEM) using the statistical software SPSS have been carried out. The findings of this study show that Perceived Security (PS) and Perceived Compatibility (PC) are determinants in the customer’s future intention to use NFC as an anti-counterfeiting tool, highlighting the necessity for the wine producers to invest in communication and marketing programs in order to spread the adoption of this technology in the market.
Monitoring on-shelf availability, out-of-stock and product freshness through RFID in the fresh food supply chain
Authors: Bottani Eleonora , Bertolini Massimo , Rizzi Antonio , Romagnoli Giovanni
Published: June 2017

This paper presents the result of the RFID logistics pilot III (RLP3) project, which has dealt with the deployment of the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and the development of an IT infrastructure for the management of the real-time data collected in a fresh food supply chain. More specifically, we report the benefits achievable in that supply chain, with a particular focus on the processes of inventory management at the retail store (both in the backroom and in the store area), shelf replenishment from the backroom and store area activities. The supply chain considered during the RLP3 consists of two distribution centres and three retail stores; the project targeted 145 fresh food items, belonging to the dairy and cold cuts categories.

The real-time management of data relating to product history, through a specific dashboard, emerged as a promising tool to improve significantly some specific inefficiencies of the retail store, such as product traceability, amount of sales and démarque, out-of-stock occurrence, on-shelf availability and product freshness.
Diagnostic value of single-source dual-energy spectral computed tomography for papillary thyroid microcarcinomas
Authors: Li Lin , Wang Yong , Luo De-Hong , Zhao Yan-Feng , Lin Meng , Guo Wei , Hu Lei , Zhou Chun-Wu , Zhao Xin-Ming
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND:

Ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) are common diagnostic imaging methods for detecting and diagnosing papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). However, single-source dual-energy spectral computed tomography (spectral CT) reduces beam hardening artefacts and optimizes contrast, which may add value in detecting PTMC.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate values of applying single-source dual-energy spectral CT for diagnosing PTMCs, in comparison with high frequency ultrasound and conventional polychromatic images.

METHODS:

Thirty-one patients with suspected PTMC underwent contrast-enhanced dual-energy spectral CT. The images were analyzed by two experienced radiologists. Noise and contrast-noise-ratio (CNR) were compared between conventional CT and spectral CT. Ultrasonography was also performed by an experienced radiologist with a 7 to 12-MHz linear array transducer. Detection and diagnostic sensitivity were determined and compared.

RESULTS:

Forty-six pathologically-confirmed PTMC lesions were detected in 31 patients. Spectral CT had lower noise and higher CNR than conventional CT ( P < 0.05). US detected more tumors (45/46 [97.8%] than conventional CT images (40/46 [87.0%]) or spectral CT images (44/46 [95.7%]). Among them, 30 (65.2%), 36 (78.3%), and 40 (87.0%) lesions were diagnosed correctly by conventional CT, spectral CT and US, respectively. Spectral CT had higher sensitivity than conventional CT ( P = 0.031). However, there was no significant difference between spectral CT and US diagnostic sensitivities ( P = 0.125).

CONCLUSION:

Single-source dual-energy spectral CT was superior to conventional polychromatic images and similar to high frequency ultrasound in detecting and diagnosing for PTMCs. CT had advantages in detecting level VI and VII lymph nodes. Spectral CT and US provided good results for PTMC, and aid preoperative diagnosis.
Nutrition of rice as influenced by reclamation techniques for acid sulfate soil in Coxs Bazar
Authors: Khan Md HR
Published: June 2017

A field experiment was conducted for the reclamation of a Cheringa hot spot of acid sulfate soil manipulated by flash leaching followed by basic slag (BS; BS10 and BS20: basic slag at 10 and 20 t ha-1), aggregate size (A; A20 and A30: aggregate sizes of soil less than 20 and 20-30 mm) treatments under two different techniques (Tech 1: pyrite layer at top, jarosite layer at middle and top soil at the bottom of ridge; Tech 2: top soil at top, pyrite layer at middle and jarosite layer at the bottom of ridge). Nutritional responses to two cultivars of rice with the treatments were evaluated. The initial soil had very low pH (H2O); 3.4, and high EC; 1.6 m S-1, and pyrite content, 76 g kg-1. Magnesium content (5.38 c mol kg-1) of the soil was about 3 fold than that of Ca (1.71 c mol kg-1), and Al content (9.22 c mol kg-1) was at a highly toxic level. The average soil data of all the treatments, except for the control plots after harvesting of rice were increased by 1.5 units for soil pH and 12 to 463% for the contents of N, P, Ca and Mg, while the concentrations of Fe, Al, Na, Cl- and SO4 2- decreased by 27 to 93% compared with the initial soil. The highest N, P, K, Ca, and Mg contents in both the BR 14 and Pizam rice shoots at maturity were obtained by the A20BS30 followed by A20BS20?A30BS30 treatments. The other treatments also resulted in a significant (p?0.05) improved performance on plant nutrition compared with the control. The local Pizam exhibited the best responses under the Tech 2 in order of these nutrient uptakes. Sulfur content in the rice plants on control plots was high (1.8-2.1 g kg-1) but it decreased significantly by the different treatments.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(2), 97-106, 2017
Determination of vitamin A content from selected Nigerian fruits using spectrophotometric method
Authors: Aremu SO , Nweze CC
Published: June 2017

The vitamin A content of the fresh fruits was determined by the extraction and quantitative determination of the pro-vitamin A carotenoid-?-carotene. The Retinol Equivalent (RE) was then obtained using standard conversion formula. The result indicated that the fruit with the minimum vitamin A content and percentage among the six samples was found in mango 301.61 ± 1.03 (7%), which was followed closely by watermelon 350.12 ± 19.01 (8%), guava 504.1 ± 0.75 (11%), tomato 542.86 ± 20.20 (12%), pawpaw 683.93 ± 5.15 (16%) and the highest content was found in carrot 2054.10 ± 1.28 (46%) in (RE/100 g). Statistical calculations and analysis showed that there was significant difference in vitamin A content among the fruits (p<0.05). Thus, besides major nutrients fruits and vegetables contribute very good amount of micro nutrient-vitamin A from ?-carotene.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(2), 153-158, 2017
Molecular identification of two gobi fishes of Bangladesh using cytochrome oxidase subunit I (CoI) gene sequences
Authors: Tabassum Mehnus , Jahan Hawa , Latifa Gulshan Ara
Published: June 2017

DNA barcoding has been proposed as a means of quick species identification using a short standardized segment of DNA. Two species (Eleotris fusca and Glossogobius giuris) from the family Gobiidae and Eleotridae were selected for DNA barcoding using samples collected from different regions of Bangladesh. Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene was sequenced from two different gobi fishes and compared with two previously published similar sequences from the genera Eleotris and Glossogobius. Multiple sequence alignment and the molecular systematic study were performed. The DNA barcode technique identified the two species. The study provides a good example of how DNA barcoding can build upon its primary mission of species identification and use available data to integrate genetic variation investigated at the local scale into a global framework.Bangladesh J. Zool. 44(2): 175-184, 2016
Amino acid profile of the gelatin extracted from the scales of catla, rohu, grass carp and their mixed type
Authors: Hossain Muhammad Arif , Ganguly Amlan , Rahman SM Abdur , Hossain Anwar , Hasan Mahmud , Rahman Mohammad Shamsur
Published: June 2017

Gelatin was extracted from the scales of catla (Catla catla), rohu (Labeo rohita), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), and their mixed type. However, amino acid of the gelatin extracted from the scales of catla and rohu was profiled. While grass carp (0.78 ± 0.03) and mixed scales (0.78 ± 0.02) yielded similar level of gelatin, rohu had the lowest recovery (0.61 ± 0.05). Scales of catla had 0.72 ± 0.06% gelatin. Of the total 14 amino acids, the highest level of glutamic acid (6.58%) was found in the gelatin extracted from the scales of catla with the lowest level of leucine (0.76%). Gelatin extracted from rohu had the highest percent of glutamic acid (6.14) with lowest percent of leucine (0.59). Of the 10 EAAs, 8 were found in the gelatin extracted from the scales of catla and rohu. While the highest per cent of lysine (4.15) was found in the gelatin extracted from the scales of rohu, the lowest per cent (0.59) was leucine. Quantification of fish scales from the fish markets of Bangladesh and extraction optimization may increase both yield and efficiency.Bangladesh J. Zool. 44(2): 185-195, 2016
Visual Outcome of Keratoplasty on Vascularised Cornea- A Prospective Study
Authors: Bhuiya Md Shariful Islam
Published: June 2017

One of the leading causes of blindness is corneal disorder. By keratoplasty we can restore vision of those patients to some extent and many surgeons are performing keratoplasty on vascularised cornea. Present study was done to evaluate its outcome. Patients (5-70 yrs) were recruited from eye ward of Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January, 2007 to December, 2007. Patients were selected on some criteria. Total 33 cases were evaluated before and after operation. This study was carried out to know pattern of blindness and to obtain the causes of corneal vascularisation and results of keratoplasty on these patients. Among 2 types of grafting all our patients were undergone penetrating keratoplasty. Male predominance (57.50) was marked as male are more prone to corneal diseases and trauma. Considering age group nobody is immune from corneal disease but children and young persons are more vulnerable. Socio-economic status of our maximum patients are middle-class or poor class. We got a rough idea about the causes leading to vascularisation of cornea. Amongst them; trauma, corneal ulcer, chemical injury and under nutrition are noted in our study. Out of 33 healthy grafts, visual improvement occurred in 24 cases. Visual results of grafting on vascularised corneas are variable. Our study concludes that trauma and corneal ulcer are the leading causes of corneal opacity which need penetrating keratoplasty. Whatever the cause of corneal vascularisation, prognosis of keratoplasty on such cases is not disappointing. Rather keratoplasty done on early notified corneal opacity with superficial vascularisation gives satisfactory results .Medicine Today 2016 Vol.28(2): 69-71
Traumatic Perforation of Tympanic Membrane: A Rural Profile of Bangladesh
Authors: Mazumder Jahangir Alam , Nasir Syed Mohiuddin , Rashid Shazibur , Khan Arif Morshed
Published: June 2017

To determine the various etiological factors, clinical presentation and outcome of traumatic perforation of tympanic membrane (TM) in a rural area of Bangladesh. A retrospective study of 210 cases of traumatic perforation of TM in upazilla health complex, Nangalkot and Muradnagar, Comilla, Bangladesh within the period of March 2013 to February 2014. The study showed middle age people of 20-39 years age group were mostly affected (61.89%), where males are more than females at the ratio of 1.18:1. Domestic violence was a major factor (50%) and husbands are only culprit for 35.13% of housewives and slap was the major mode of injury (52.86%) affecting the left ear mostly (70.95%). Spontaneous healing rate was very satisfactory and it was 88% within 03 months in our study. Traumatic perforation of TM is a common type of injury in rural areas. Unnecessary surgical intervention or unskilled handling should be discouraged. Early appearance and watchful treatment reduces the morbidity.Medicine Today 2016 Vol.28(2): 79-82
Islamic Values and Environmental Disquiet
Authors: Sarkar Ichhimuddin
Published: June 2017

Abstract not availablePhilosophy and Progress, Vol#57-58; No#1-2; Jan-Dec 2015
Urea–hydrogen peroxide prompted the selective and controlled oxidation of thioglycosides into sulfoxides and sulfones
Authors: Singh Adesh Kumar , Tiwari Varsha , Mishra Kunj Bihari , Gupta Surabhi , Kandasamy Jeyakumar
Published: June 2017

A practical method for the selective and controlled oxidation of thioglycosides to corresponding glycosyl sulfoxides and sulfones is reported using urea–hydrogen peroxide (UHP). A wide range of glycosyl sulfoxides are selectively achieved using 1.5 equiv of UHP at 60 °C while corresponding sulfones are achieved using 2.5 equiv of UHP at 80 °C in acetic acid. Remarkably, oxidation susceptible olefin functional groups were found to be stable during the oxidation of sulfide.
On the Measurements of Numerical Viscosity and Resistivity in Eulerian MHD Codes
Authors: Rembiasz Tomasz , Obergaulinger Martin , Cerdá-Durán Pablo , Aloy Miguel-Ángel , Müller Ewald
Published: June 2017

We propose a simple ansatz for estimating the value of the numerical resistivity and the numerical viscosity of any Eulerian MHD code. We test this ansatz with the help of simulations of the propagation of (magneto)sonic waves, Alfvén waves, and the tearing mode (TM) instability using the MHD code Aenus. By comparing the simulation results with analytical solutions of the resistive-viscous MHD equations and an empirical ansatz for the growth rate of TMs, we measure the numerical viscosity and resistivity of Aenus. The comparison shows that the fast magnetosonic speed and wavelength are the characteristic velocity and length, respectively, of the aforementioned (relatively simple) systems. We also determine the dependence of the numerical viscosity and resistivity on the time integration method, the spatial reconstruction scheme and (to a lesser extent) the Riemann solver employed in the simulations. From the measured results, we infer the numerical resolution (as a function of the spatial reconstruction method) required to properly resolve the growth and saturation level of the magnetic field amplified by the magnetorotational instability in the post-collapsed core of massive stars. Our results show that it is most advantageous to resort to ultra-high-order methods (e.g., the ninth-order monotonicity-preserving method) to tackle this problem properly, in particular, in three-dimensional simulations.
Classifying Radio Galaxies with the Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Aniyan A. K. , Thorat K.
Published: June 2017

We present the application of a deep machine learning technique to classify radio images of extended sources on a morphological basis using convolutional neural networks (CNN). In this study, we have taken the case of the Fanaroff–Riley (FR) class of radio galaxies as well as radio galaxies with bent-tailed morphology. We have used archival data from the Very Large Array (VLA)—Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty Centimeters survey and existing visually classified samples available in the literature to train a neural network for morphological classification of these categories of radio sources. Our training sample size for each of these categories is ∼200 sources, which has been augmented by rotated versions of the same. Our study shows that CNNs can classify images of the FRI and FRII and bent-tailed radio galaxies with high accuracy (maximum precision at 95%) using well-defined samples and a “fusion classifier,” which combines the results of binary classifications, while allowing for a mechanism to find sources with unusual morphologies. The individual precision is highest for bent-tailed radio galaxies at 95% and is 91% and 75% for the FRI and FRII classes, respectively, whereas the recall is highest for FRI and FRIIs at 91% each, while the bent-tailed class has a recall of 79%. These results show that our results are comparable to that of manual classification, while being much faster. Finally, we discuss the computational and data-related challenges associated with the morphological classification of radio galaxies with CNNs.
La criminologie biosociale à l’aune de la théorie du champ. Ressources et stratégies d’un courant dominé de la criminologie états-unienne
Authors: Larregue Julien
Published: June 2017

Cet article analyse la criminologie biosociale états-unienne, domaine de recherche cristallisé dans les années 2000, à l’aune de la théorie du champ de Bourdieu. Mêlant variables biologiques et sociologiques, le mouvement biosocial propose une science du crime étendue aux comportement antisociaux. Criminologie controversée, elle est l’œuvre principale de chercheurs qui se trouvent dominés au sein d’un champ criminologique fortement marqué par la sociologie. Bien qu’hétérogène, ce courant de recherche est généralement identifié à une minorité bruyante d’universitaires issus de facultés de criminologie et de justice criminelle peu prestigieuses. Une analyse des discours et pratiques de cette minorité bruyante permet de mettre à jour toute une panoplie de stratégies plus ou moins subversives vis-à-vis de la socio-criminologie dominante et destinées à augmenter leur volume de capital scientifique et académique.
Conflit politique, violence et dénonciation : les femmes comme « protagonistes du ressentiment » au nord-est du Brésil
Authors: Barreira Irlys Alencar Firmo
Published: June 2017

La situation de ce texte présente un bon exemple des formes de médiation qui se réalisent pendant un conflit politique au Nord-est du Brésil, en observant la manière dont elles sont intégrées à la sphère privée et à la sphère publique. La situation met en évidence l’efficacité symbolique de pratiques et de significations qui se sont construites lors d’une campagne pour la justice et qui se sont déplacées du « monde familial » et du « monde politique » vers la sphère publique locale, nationale et aussi internationale, surtout par la presse. Les mobilisations contre la violence montrent ainsi comment les sentiments s’insèrent dans la politique. Les femmes y apparaissent comme les gardiennes de biens symboliques. Elles permettent la transformation du ressentiment en indignation et en protestation, tout en empêchant que prédominent les rôles traditionnels dictés par l’honneur ou la vengeance. Les différentes formes d’actions familiales s’insèrent ainsi dans un champ symbolique qui traverse de multiples cheminements. Les sentiments, en s’inscrivant profondément dans la sphère publique, façonnent des rituels obligatoires de solidarité, ainsi que des impératifs de punitions et d’oppositions. Les visions du monde concurrentes dont les sentiments sont porteurs peuvent contribuer à expliquer les coulisses de la politique.
Ils crurent et suivirent Moïse. De l’Exode à Jean par la tradition juive
Authors: Remaud Michel
Published: June 2017

La comparaison du quatrième évangile avec des commentaires rabbiniques sur Moïse et la manne (comme le midrash Exode Rabba , la Mekhilta de-Rabbi Ishmael et celle de-Rabbi Shimon ben Yohaï ) montre un arrière-fond propre à faire ressortir une des pointes du texte johannique : Moïse lui-même rend témoignage à Jésus (Jn 5,46-47) et conduit à croire à l’œuvre de Dieu en celui que le Père a envoyé (Jn 6,29).
« Il les aima jusqu’à l’extrême. » Primauté et miséricorde : convertir la papauté
Authors: Nègre Pascal
Published: June 2017

À la lumière de l’Écriture et des derniers pontificats, l’A. envisage le renouveau du ministère primatial en étudiant la figure contrastée de saint Pierre. Au fondement de la primauté, il y a la grâce de la miséricorde : appelé, établi et envoyé par miséricorde, Pierre ne peut être protos qu’à la manière du Christ, en entrant dans le mystère du Serviteur. Le lavement des pieds constitue à cet égard le centre de gravité d’une réflexion sur la primauté, et Jn 21 son aboutissement. Une réforme de la papauté devra souligner que le ministère pétrinien est, dans la miséricorde, l’ agapè jusqu’à l’extrême.
La théologie dialogale et l’Institut d’études théologiques de Bruxelles
Authors: Hennaux Jean-Marie
Published: June 2017

La méthode d’enseignement de l’Institut d’études théologiques (IET) de Bruxelles est modelée sur la structure de la foi : celle-ci est dialogale. Elle respecte la demande de Vatican ii que « l’étude de l’Écriture sainte soit comme l’âme de la théologie ». Elle inspire l’acte théologique des enseignants comme des étudiants de l’IET, notamment lors des séminaires qui sont une des spécificités de l’Institut.
La femme dans la formation des prêtres : une révolution culturelle ?
Authors: Calmeyn Marie Laetitia
Published: June 2017

Cette intervention au symposium de la Congrégation pour la doctrine de la foi sur le rôle des femmes dans l’Église (Rome, 26-28 sep. 2016) examine la « grâce eucharistique de la femme » à travers la méditation de figures féminines bibliques : la femme au parfum, Marie la mère de Jésus, Marie-Madeleine, Ève. Les rencontres du Christ avec ces femmes l’ont conduit à sa perfection, dans l’accomplissement de son sacerdoce.
La Communauté de sécurité de l’ASEAN : progrès et obstacles
Authors: Boisseau du Rocher Sophie
Published: June 2017

L’ASEAN entend traiter ses problèmes de sécurité de manière inclusive et souple. Elle a mis en place en 2003 une Communauté de sécurité, depuis dotée de multiples institutions et coopérations. Les coopérations entre États membres se développent, mais les structures multilatérales restent pour l’essentiel un trompe-l’œil. Et il n’est pas sûr que les formules souples qui restent la règle puissent être efficaces en un temps de recomposition géopolitique et d’affirmation de la force de Pékin.
Les politiques européennes et le futur de l’euro
Authors: Guerrieri Paolo , David Dominique
Published: June 2017

Les causes de la crise économique et financière qui a touché la zone euro en 2008-2009 ont été mal analysées. En conséquence, les remèdes adoptés se sont révélés contre-productifs. Les déficits publics se sont creusés et les divergences entre pays du sud et du nord de l’Europe se sont accentuées. Pour relancer la croissance de manière durable dans l’Union européenne, une plus grande solidarité entre États membres s’impose et une stratégie d’investissements publics doit être élaborée.
Quelles perspectives pour la Crimée ?
Authors: Iffly Catherine
Published: June 2017

Depuis l’annexion de la Crimée par la Russie en 2014, le visage de la presqu’île a changé. Des milliers d’habitants ont fui, tandis que de nouveaux arrivants ont fait leur apparition, qu’il s’agisse d’Ukrainiens fuyant les combats dans l’est de leur pays ou de Russes. L’économie souffre de l’enclavement. Plusieurs sites militaires sont en construction, de même qu’un pont reliant la Crimée au Caucase. En Russie, l’opération militaire a renforcé la popularité de Vladimir Poutine.
Conflits locaux : le mal insidieux de l’Afrique
Authors: Gaulme François
Published: June 2017

Les conflits locaux, de plus en plus nombreux et dévastateurs en Afrique, ne sont le plus souvent analysés par les acteurs internationaux qu’à travers le prisme des conflits ou des déstabilisations d’États. Leur nature complexe, le mélange qu’ils opèrent entre traditions et modernité, leurs rapports aux niveaux national et international doivent faire l’objet d’approches nouvelles, à la fois stratégiques et ponctuelles. Des approches qui doivent intégrer les dimensions militaires et civiles.
Brexit : une certaine idée de l’Europe
Authors: Story Jonathan , Tarpinian Cécile
Published: June 2017

Le résultat du référendum de juin 2016 relève d’explications connues, touchant à l’évolution de la société britannique et à ses débats politiques particuliers. Il renvoie surtout à une divergence fondamentale sur la nature et l’objectif de la construction européenne. Le Royaume-Uni n’a pas été le mauvais élève de la classe européenne trop souvent décrit. Mais son héritage et sa culture lui font préférer l’idée d’une Europe où la souveraineté resterait le privilège des États.
L’Italie entre déclin industriel et impuissance politique
Authors: Avanti Martino
Published: June 2017

L’Italie fait face à une crise économique profonde. Malgré l’application de mesures d’austérité recommandées par les autorités européennes, la croissance est en berne et le chômage progresse. Les privatisations ont eu pour effet de faire passer des fleurons de l’industrie sous pavillon étranger. L’État ne joue plus son rôle de régulateur et ne parvient à endiguer ni la corruption ni la fraude fiscale. Cette situation est d’autant plus problématique qu’elle se double d’une crise politique.
Critique en acte de la vie quotidienne à la ZAD de Notre-Dame-des-Landes (2013-2014)
Authors: Pruvost Geneviève
Published: June 2017

La lutte d’occupation de la zone à défendre (ZAD) de Notre-Dame-des-Landes contre l’aéroport se déploie depuis 2008 sur une zone rurale dans laquelle le mode de vie adopté par les occupants du site entend faire la démonstration in situ qu’un autre monde est possible. En miroir de ce type de mouvement qui dénonce une conception pyramidale logocentrique du politique (fondée sur des discours en assemblée) ou spectaculaire (établissant un ordre d’importance entre événements dits de « haute » et de « basse » intensité, événements majeurs et mineurs), on s’est par conséquent intéressé à la vie ordinaire : alors que, dans le monde marchand, ses fondements ne sont pas interrogés, s’opère au contraire à la ZAD une politisation du moindre geste ici et maintenant. La critique de la vie quotidienne à la ZAD prend de fait la forme de l’action directe (la pratique l’emporte sur les discours théoriques), de la simplicité (dans les échanges informels, les techniques en usage), de l’autogouvernement dans la répartition des tâches et de l’accès libre et gratuit aux ressources de base. La ZAD présente cependant une diversité d’arrangements dont on explore ici les points de convergence et de divergence.
Une ZAD peut en cacher d’autres. De la fragilité du mode d’action occupationnel
Authors: Dechezelles Stéphanie
Published: June 2017

Outre les emblématiques occupations de Notre-Dame-des-Landes ou du Testet qui monopolisent l’attention militante, médiatique et scientifique, se déploient en France depuis la fin des années 2000 de petites ZAD (« Zones à défendre ») hostiles à divers équipements de nature industrielle. Ces occupations invitent à questionner les conditions de possibilité et de félicité de ce type de performance protestataire. À partir d’une enquête ethnographique sur l’une de ces ZAD et d’entretiens auprès de plusieurs de ses « habitants » ainsi que d’anciens zadistes vivant à proximité, l’article explore sur le plan individuel, les logiques sociales et biographiques qui prédisposent certains individus à entrer dans une carrière occupante et, sur le plan collectif, les dynamiques permettant la mise en œuvre d’occupations protestataires. En raison tout d’abord des nombreuses expériences déviantes dans les trajectoires de certains zadistes qui sont souvent liées à un turnover et une faible idéologisation de la lutte ; des multiples coûts liés aux tâches auxquelles certaines franges des publics occupants sont assignées et des chocs moraux qui leur sont associés ensuite ; et de l’importance d’acteurs intermédiaires locaux des causes pour lesquelles les ZAD sont constituées enfin, l’occupation constitue une modalité de contestation dont les probabilités d’occurrence, de politisation et de durabilité sont réduites.
Estudio y aplicación del sistema balloon frame a la industrialización de la vivienda: el caso de las American System-Built Houses de Frank Lloyd Wright
Authors: Serra Soriano B. , Díaz Segura A. , Merí de la Maza R.
Published: June 2017

Dentro de su extensa producción arquitectónica, Frank Lloyd Wright tuvo ocasión para experimentar con la industrialización de la madera, trabando un material tradicional con el sentido moderno de la arquitectura. La madera y Frank Lloyd Wright son inseparables del sistema balloon frame, sistema que utilizará en sus primeras viviendas y a través del cual materializará su concepto de descomposición espacial. La investigación del caso concreto de las American System-Built Houses servirá para mostrar las experiencias más tempranas de Wright con la industria, cuyas conclusiones utilizaría para sus posteriores investigaciones sobre prefabricación.
Relevâncias da Experiência e Critérios de Potabilidade: conflito de interpretações sobre a água “boa” em uma localidade do Cariri
Authors: Teixeira Carla C. , Moura Luís Cláudio , Davison Anna
Published: June 2017

Este artigo apresenta uma análise dos usos e das percepções da água em Granjeiro (CE), localidade que conta com uma interessante pluralidade de ofertas de águas. Tal pluralidade permitiu que os granjeirences formulassem estratégias diversificadas para a sua utilização, dependendo da fonte, da localidade no município e da estação do ano, ou ainda das experiências sensoriais advindas do manejo das águas e que levavam à atribuição de adjetivos para cada tipo de água e findaram por determinar seus usos. Estas variáveis sensoriais, no entanto, não são reconhecidas pelo serviço técnico de saneamento do estado, o que gerou desentendimentos. Para dar conta do descompasso entre moradores e responsáveis técnicos pelas águas, este artigo lança mão de uma perspectiva fenomenológica que permite perceber como a proximidade com o manejo cotidiano das águas ou o distanciamento dele define o tipo de verdade acionada pelos diferentes atores, já que torna possível compreender as práticas sociais em seu poder de constituição de sentidos, que se processa no ir e vir entre ações no mundo, percepções do mundo e verificação de conhecimentos sobre o mundo. Viver em Granjeiro e lidar com as diferentes águas produziram, esta é a nossa aposta interpretativa, antecipações próprias sobre suas qualidades e usos apropriados.
Banhos de princesas e de lázaros: termalismo e estratificação social
Authors: Bastos Cristiana
Published: June 2017

Este artigo analisa dois tipos de narrativa sobre o termalismo europeu – a do luxo, glamour e lazer, por um lado, e a do tratamento de doenças “asquerosas”, por outro – para argumentar que, embora negando-se mutuamente e definindo-se por oposição, estas vertentes são indissociáveis e coexistem formando estratos e camadas que acomodam diferenças de interesses, de propósitos e de classe. Fazendo uso de literatura recente sobre termalismo vinda da antropologia, da sociologia, da história, dos estudos de ciência e dos estudos literários, e de pesquisa empírica relativa a Monchique (Algarve, Portugal), estudaremos a coexistência de diferentes classes de utilizadores de águas termais e analisaremos enquanto fenómeno mediador entre as duas vertentes contrastantes aquilo que chamamos de “cura do lázaro”, ou do indigente paralítico – aquele que, dispensando as muletas “ao terceiro banho”, veicula e materializa a promessa terapêutica, o prestígio simbólico do lugar termal e, por conseguinte, amplia as suas clientelas e os lucros dos empreendedores.
Curar e recrear em águas termais: um diálogo etnográfico entre Portugal (Termas de São Pedro do Sul e Termas da Sulfúrea) e Brasil (Caldas da Imperatriz)
Authors: Quintela Maria Manuel
Published: June 2017

O termalismo em Portugal e no Brasil é uma actividade que se desenvolveu no século XX entre a medicina e o turismo, à semelhança do que ocorreu noutros países. Contudo, o processo histórico de institucionalização das “curas de águas” nos dois países assumiu diferentes orientações, em função dos sistemas médicos em que elas estão inseridas, de acordo com a importância dada aos fenómenos que as justificam: curar e recrear. Pretende-se neste artigo discutir a relação entre curar e recrear enquanto dimensões constituintes da formação das estâncias termais e do termalismo em torno da água como eixo estruturante das práticas termais, a partir de uma etnografia comparativa entre Portugal (São Pedro do Sul e Cabeço de Vide) e o Brasil (Caldas da Imperatriz). Através desta comparação são analisadas concepções de saúde, doença, sofrimento, lazer, bem-estar e “tratamento termal”, o que permite estabelecer o diálogo entre diferentes terapias e sistemas médicos. É ainda relevante considerar aqui as propriedades atribuídas à água termal por termalistas, médicos e populações locais, tentando compreender em que medida os sistemas médicos que enquadram as práticas termais interferem na experiência termal, fazendo dos “banhos” e da estadia uma oportunidade de curar e/ou, recrear e re-criar quotidianos.
Community water management. Is it still possible? Anthropological perspectives
Authors: Ftaïta Toufik
Published: June 2017

A gestão social da irrigação emergiu de experiências locais nas quais a história social, religiosa e política das comunidades envolvidas é um fator determinante para a compreensão dos vários métodos de manejo social e técnico da água e outros recursos naturais. Por esta razão, o conhecimento e a experiência oasianas constituem uma importante herança material e imaterial que tem contribuído para a criação de vários modelos para a gestão coletiva do acesso à água, sua apropriação e distribuição. No entanto, longe de viver em um eterno presente etnográfico, as comunidades locais de oásis estão passando por muitas transformações cujas consequências já são sentidas. Este artigo descreve, a partir de uma perspectiva antropológica, os modelos oasianos de manejo de irrigação, enfatizando suas vantagens no contexto das inovações institucionais vigentes no campo da gestão participativa de áreas de irrigação, das salvaguardas da biodiversidade, alterações climáticas e governança eficiente da água.
Liquor in Glass Vessels: A Note on Glassware in pre-Islamic Java and on its Socio-Religious Symbolism
Authors: Jákl Jiří
Published: June 2017

Textual evidence on glassware in Old Javanese kakavin poetry is discussed. Export of Middle Eastern and Chinese glass vessels to ancient Southeast Asia is documented in the archaeological and historical record, though – compared to the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra – reported finds of glass vessels and their fragments in Java are very limited. Old Javanese kakavins suggest that imported glass vessels, denoted by the term gәḍah, were associated in court circles with the socio-religious framework of Siddha alchemy, and viewed as ritually powerful containers, used to store and serve alcoholic beverages, in particular those with high alcohol content, such as the drinks based on fermented, and probably aged, sugarcane juice. The glass cup metonymically represented the liquid which it contained, and it shares a metaphoric association with sanctified copulation perceived as a ritual act that belongs to Siddha Tantrism. The ultimate origin of the Old Javanese gәḍah is most probably the Arabic term qadah, one of the very early Arabic loanwords in Javanese.
Une note au sujet de tissages à chaîne continue dans l’Est de l’Insulinde
Authors: Duggan Geneviève
Published: June 2017

Cette contribution apporte des informations complémentaires concernant l’article de Ruth Barnes (Archipel 90: 307-325) à propos de techniques de tissage établissant des relations anciennes entre l’île de Sulawesi et la province de Nusa Tenggara Timur. Certaines pièces produites sur des métiers à tension dorsale se distinguent par le fait que le travail est fini à l’aiguille alors que le tissage est toujours sur le métier, si bien qu’il ne subsiste aucun espace non tissé et qu’aucun fil de chaîne n’est coupé, élément essentiel dans les croyances traditionnelles sur l’harmonie cosmique. Alors que Barnes soutient qu’une telle technique a disparu, la présente note montre que cette connaissance n’est pas perdue sur l’île de Savou où l’on peut détecter son usage sur un sac de mariage appelé kenoto. Sur l’île, ce sac et d’autres textiles tenus en haute estime étaient à l’origine probablement tissés sur le métier le plus archaïque, celui qui est tendu au moyen des pieds. L’analyse des techniques traditionnelles de tissage constitue l’un des moyens qui permet de retracer d’anciennes routes migratoires dans l’est indonésien.
La poldérisation de la baie de Benoa à Bali : vers un nouveau puputan ?
Authors: Cabasset Christine , Couteau Jean , Picard Michel
Published: June 2017

Le projet touristico-immobilier « Nusa Benoa » lié à la poldérisation de la baie de Benoa rencontre, depuis sa révélation par la presse locale en 2013, une protestation sans précédent, certains Balinais menaçant d’aller jusqu’au puputan (combat à mort) si celui-ci devait se réaliser. Sociologiquement très diversifiée et regroupée dans l’association « ForBALI », l’opposition a mis à profit une expérience issue des précédentes contestations afférentes au développement touristique, et s’est appuyée sur une bonne connaissance du milieu local et sur les réseaux sociaux pour, non seulement Baliniser, mais aussi nationaliser et internationaliser, le conflit. Tandis que l’aménageur met en avant les vertus de revitalisation naturelle et économique du projet, les résistances se cristallisent sur les aspects environnementaux et religieux. La question du contrôle de l’économie est également centrale, une frange de plus en plus large de Balinais s’estimant expropriés de leurs propres terres par des investisseurs allogènes à l’île. Le fond du débat est de surcroît identitaire, tant les mutations structurelles de la société balinaise, notamment avec l’arrivée accrue de migrants, souvent musulmans, mais aussi les attentats islamistes de 2002 et 2005, ont exacerbé leur sentiment de vulnérabilité en tant que minorité ethnique et religieuse au sein de l’État-nation indonésien.
Cutting Edge: Active TGF-β1 Released from GARP/TGF-β1 Complexes on the Surface of Stimulated Human B Lymphocytes Increases Class-Switch Recombination and Production of IgA
Authors: Dedobbeleer Olivier , Stockis Julie , van der Woning Bas , Coulie Pierre G. , Lucas Sophie
Published: June 2017

Production of active TGF-β is regulated at a posttranslational level and implies release of the mature cytokine dimer from the inactive, latent TGF-β precursor. There are several cell-type specific mechanisms of TGF-β activation. We identified a new mechanism operating on the surface of human regulatory T cells and involving membrane protein GARP, which binds latent TGF-β1. The paracrine activity of regulatory T cell–derived TGF-β1 contributes to immunosuppression and can be inhibited with anti-GARP Abs. Whether other immune cell types use surface GARP to activate latent TGF-β1 was not known. We show in this study that stimulated, human B lymphocytes produce active TGF-β1 from surface GARP/latent TGF-β1 complexes with isotype switching to IgA production.
Cerebral and Coronary Vasculature in Disease Associations and Dissociations in the South Indian Population
Authors: Srinivasan Krishnan , Ravikumar Srinivasan , Chandra Sadanandavalli Retnaswami , Ganapathy Selva , Ravi G. S.
Published: June 2017

Introduction: Cerebrovascular accidents constitute the most common cause of disability all over the world. In India prevalence rate is 545 per 100000 and mortality rate is around 7.5 per thousand. Therefore the authors undertook a study on patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). They were investigated for clinical and/or radiological evidence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) with the aim to decide on early neurological intervention. Patients and Methods: 210 patients who had undergone CABG were evaluated with neck vessel Doppler using high resolution duplex scanner system and computed tomography (CT) scan as well as MR angiogram (MRA) in addition to assessment of co morbid risk factors. Results: 91% of patients who had undergone CABG had radiological evidence of CVD. The most common risk associated with CAD and CVD was Hypertension (HT), DM, dyslipidemia and combined HT and DM in that order. Neck vessels were normal in 59%. Significant disease was found in only 7.2%. Internal carotids were abnormal in 82%. Infarcts were seen in 82.1%. Discussion: This study reveals patients with CAD have a high degree of asymptomatic CVD. It is mostly due to small vessel disease including internal carotids but not so much with large vessels. Therefore, patients with CAD carry a high risk of vascular cognitive dysfunction. This can be reduced by effective management of the systemic risk factors. Screening for large vessel disease which is commonly done is likely to give a false sense of security. Conclusion: As against western population Indians seem to have small and medium sized vessels disease in the setting of CAD.
Adherence to Antiepileptic Therapy in Adults
Authors: Chinnaiyan Sowmya , Narayana Sarala , Nanjappa Venkatarathnamma Puttappa
Published: June 2017

Context: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder affecting 70 million worldwide. The high incidence of relapse can be attributed to nonadherence, thus increasing the incidence of refractory epilepsy to 10%–20%. Aims: This study was planned to determine rate of adherence and factors affecting adherence using Antiepileptic Adherence Questionnaire and Baseline Adherence Questionnaire. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was carried out at a rural hospital from May to September 2015. Patients of either gender aged 18–60 years, diagnosed with epilepsy were interviewed after they consented. Patient details, responses to questionnaires were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Among the participants, 67.8% were males and 32.2% were females with the mean age of 38.3 ± 13.9 years. The response rate was 75% (90/120). The majority were literate (64.4%) and employed (58.9%). The duration of disease was <5 years in most individuals; 50% were highly, 21.1% moderately, and 28.9% nonadherent to treatment. Among the highly adherent, 66.7% never skipped medications because they had knowledge of the disease and treatment. More than 97% were satisfied with the social support, and 89% expressed that their family and friends reminded them to take medications. Patients who were nonadherent to treatment attributed it to the lack of knowledge of the disease (57%) and treatment (96%). Reasons for nonadherence were patients assumed drug was harmful, felt cured of the disease, and wanted to avoid side effects. Conclusion: Nearly, 70% expressed the lack of satisfactory support from the social circle. We observed that nearly seventy percent epileptic patients were moderate-highly adherent. Nonadherence was attributed to patient feeling cured of disease and assuming medications to be harmful. Counseling of patients will help in adherence to treatment.
Facial Diplegia as Initial Manifestation of Acute, Myelomonocytic Leukemia with Isolated Trisomy 47, XY,+11[14]/46, XY[6]
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Panny Michael
Published: June 2017

Bilateral peripheral facial palsy (facial diplegia) has been repeatedly reported as a neurologic manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia but has not been reported as the initial clinical manifestation of myelomonocytic leukemia. A 71-year-old male developed left-sided peripheral facial palsy being interpreted and treated as Bell’s palsy. C-reactive protein (CRP) and leukocyte count 4 days later were 2.5 mg/l and 16 G/l, respectively. Steroids were ineffective. Seven days after onset, he developed right-sided peripheral facial palsy. Three days later, CRP and leukocyte count were 234.3 mg/l and 59.5 G/l, respectively. Cerebrospinal fluid investigations revealed pleocytosis (62/3) and elevated protein (54.9 mg/dl). Two days later, pleocytosis and leukocytosis were attributed to myelomonocytic leukemia. Leukemic meningeosis was treated with cytarabine and methotrexate intrathecally. In addition, cytarabine and idarubicin were applied intravenously. Under this regimen, facial diplegia gradually improved. Facial diplegia may be the initial clinical manifestation of myelomonocytic leukemia, facial diplegia obligatorily requires lumbar puncture, and unilateral peripheral facial palsy is not always Bell’s palsy. Patients with alleged unilateral Bell’s palsy and slightly elevated leukocytes require close follow-up and more extensive investigations than patients without abnormal blood tests.