bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PSICOMOTRICIDADE E DEFICIÊNCIA AUDITIVA: UMA PERSPECTIVA INTEGRADORA NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Teixeira Lucélia Lira Moura , Almeida Vilma Ribeiro de , Costa Renata Gaspar da , Ribeiro Junior Osvaldo Antonio , Ribeiro Fábia Maceno
Published: September 2024

A educação de crianças com perda auditiva é um desafio que ainda afeta diretamente a sociedade, especialmente quando se trata dos direitos dos portadores de necessidades especiais, como os surdos. Essas crianças precisam ter acesso a recursos essenciais como educação, saúde, trabalho, lazer e demais aspectos que garantam seu pleno desenvolvimento e convívio em sociedade. Um diagnóstico tardio dessa deficiência pode prejudicar severamente o desenvolvimento infantil, especialmente no âmbito educacional, onde ao longo da história, muitos surdos foram julgados como incapazes de realizar atividades consideradas comuns para pessoas sem deficiência. Diante dessa realidade, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento do aprendizado de estudantes surdos, explorando a psicomotricidade como uma alternativa para nortear esse processo. A psicomotricidade é apresentada como uma ferramenta que facilita o ensino-aprendizagem ao integrar o movimento e o brincar, ajudando a criança a conhecer melhor seu corpo, suas limitações e potencialidades. Para alcançar esse objetivo, será realizada uma análise bibliográfica com base em estudos existentes sobre a aplicação da psicomotricidade na educação de crianças com deficiência auditiva. A psicomotricidade, ao focar no movimento, possibilita uma abordagem pedagógica inclusiva e diferenciada, promovendo o desenvolvimento cognitivo e social desses alunos.
The impact of coupled 3D shortwave radiative transfer on surface radiation and cumulus clouds over land
Authors: Tijhuis Mirjam , van Stratum Bart J. H. , van Heerwaarden Chiel C.
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Radiative transfer is a 3D process, but most atmospheric models consider radiation only in the vertical direction for computational efficiency. This results in inaccurate surface radiation fields, as the horizontal transport of radiation is neglected. Previous work on 3D radiative effects mainly used 3D radiative transfer uncoupled from the flow solver. In contrast, our current work uses 3D radiative transfer coupled to the flow solver to study its impact on the development of clouds and the resulting impact on the domain-averaged surface solar irradiance. To this end, we performed a series of realistic large-eddy simulations with MicroHH. To improve the level of realism of our radiation, we first included the direct effect of aerosols using aerosol data from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) global reanalysis. Next, we performed simulations with 1D radiative transfer and with a coupled ray tracer for 12 d on which shallow cumulus clouds formed over Cabauw, the Netherlands. In general, simulations with the coupled ray tracer have a higher domain-averaged liquid water path, larger clouds, and similar cloud cover compared to simulations with 1D radiative transfer. Furthermore, the domain-averaged direct radiation is decreased with 3D radiative transfer, and the diffuse radiation is increased. However, the average difference in global radiation is less than 1 W m−2, as the increase in global radiation from uncoupled 3D radiative transfer is counterbalanced by a decrease in global radiation caused by changes in cloud properties.
Ammonia emission estimates using CrIS satellite observations over Europe
Authors: Ding Jieying , van der A Ronald , Eskes Henk , Dammers Enrico , Shephard Mark , Wichink Kruit Roy , Guevara Marc , Tarrason Leonor
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Over the past century, ammonia (NH3) emissions have increased with the growth of livestock and fertilizer usage. The abundant NH3 emissions lead to secondary fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution, climate change, and a reduction in biodiversity, and they affect human health. Up-to-date and spatially and temporally resolved information on NH3 emissions is essential to better quantify their impact. In this study we applied the existing Daily Emissions Constrained by Satellite Observations (DECSO) algorithm to NH3 observations from the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) to estimate NH3 emissions. Because NH3 in the atmosphere is influenced by nitrogen oxides (NOx), we implemented DECSO to estimate NOx and NH3 emissions simultaneously. The emissions are derived over Europe for 2020 on a spatial resolution of 0.2°×0.2° using daily observations from both CrIS and the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI; on the Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) satellite). Due to the limited number of daily satellite observations of NH3, monthly emissions of NH3 are reported. The total NH3 emissions derived from observations are about 8 Tg yr−1, with a precision of about 5 %–17 % per grid cell per year over the European domain (35–55° N, 10° W–30° E). The comparison of the satellite-derived NH3 emissions from DECSO with independent bottom-up inventories and in situ observations indicates a consistency in terms of magnitude on the country totals, with the results also being comparable regarding the temporal and spatial distributions. The validation of DECSO over Europe implies that we can use DECSO to quickly derive fairly accurate monthly emissions of NH3 over regions with limited local information on NH3 emissions.
Brief Communication: Sensitivity of Antarctic ice-shelf melting to ocean warming across basal melt models
Authors: Lambert Erwin , Burgard Clara
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The uncertain sensitivity of Antarctic ice-shelf basal melt to ocean warming strongly contributes to uncertainties in sea-level projections. Here, we explore the response of five dedicated basal melt models to an idealised sub-thermocline 1 °C warming and find a large intermodel spread with total melt increases between 67 % and 240 %. For deep regions of presentlyfast-melting ice shelves, this spread can reach two orders of magnitude. We conclude that a consistent calibration on present-conditions does not guarantee consistent melt sensitivities and that diversity in basal melt forcing is presently unavoidable to prevent underestimating uncertainties in future projections.
Depth Effects of Long-term Organic Residue Application on Soil Organic Carbon Stocks in Central Kenya
Authors: Müller Claude Raoul , Six Johan , Njiru Daniel Mugendi , Vanlauwe Bernard , Van de Broek Marijn
Published: September 2024

Abstract. In arable soils, a substantial portion of soil organic carbon (SOC) is stored below the plough layer. To develop sustainable soil management strategies, it is important to assess how they affect the quantity of SOC stored in the subsoil. Therefore, we investigated the impact of organic and inorganic nutrient inputs on SOC stocks down to 70 cm depth in a long-term field trial in Embu, Kenya. There were 3 organic input treatments (manure, Tithonia diversifolia residues, and maize stover) and a control treatment, each with and without the application of mineral nitrogen. These different treatments were applied to a maize monoculture over 38 growing seasons (19 years). Our results show that manure application had the largest positive impact on SOC stocks compared to the control, which was observed down to 60 cm depth. In contrast, Tithonia diversifoliaand maize stover significantly increased SOC compared to the control only within the top 20 cm and 40 cm, respectively. Among the three organic residue treatments, only the application of manure had a significant effect on the SOC stock of the subsoil (i.e., the 30–70 cm depth layer). However, when considering the whole measured profile (i.e., 0–70 cm), all treatments led to significantly higher SOC stocks compared to the 91 ± 12 t C ha-1 of the control: manure had the highest stocks (120 ± 24 t C ha-1), followed by maize stover (112 ± 17 t C ha-1) and tithonia diversifolia (105 ± 11 C t ha-1). Mineral nitrogen application did not have a significant impact on SOC stocks down to 70 cm depth. Overall, our findings indicate that the subsoil in the studied agroecosystems is affected by the type of added organic amendments. Our results imply that gathering knowledge on the soil below the typically studied 0–30 cm depth layer will improve the overall assessment of agroecosystem properties, which is necessary to optimize soil system resilience, limit organic matter losses and improve crop productivity.
Predicting Avalanche Danger in Northern Norway Using Statistical Models
Authors: Eiselt Kai-Uwe , Graversen Rune Grand
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Snow avalanches are one of the most impactful natural hazards in mountainous areas. Thus, the assessment and forecasting of avalanche danger is of great importance for the protection of life and property. A changing climate may lead to changes in avalanche danger although the manifestation is unclear. Since climate change is regionally different, an assessment of potential avalanche danger changes should be conducted on a regional basis. Here the focus is on avalanche danger in northern Norway, i.e., a region in the Arctic. We utilise regional expert avalanche-danger level (ADL) assessments together with the 3-km Norwegian reanalysis (NORA3) to estimate the linkage between avalanche danger in the Troms region of Norway and the prevailing weather conditions represented by NORA3 as well as snow-cover information from the snow model seNorge. Both a binary and 4-level case are considered. Two random forest (RF) models are optimised and trained, one for the binary case and one for the 4-level case. The binary-case RF model exhibits a much higher overall accuracy (76 %) than the 4-level case RF model (57 %), which is due to the latter often confusing ADLs 1 and 2 and ADLs 3 and 4. Still, the missclassification difference is almost never larger 1 ADL and the distribution of the frequencies of the different ADLs is reproduced. The most important predictive features of avalanche danger found here are broadly consistent with earlier studies and are mostly related to new snow and wind accumulated and averaged over several days. The binary-case RF model is used to hindcast binary-case avalanche activity (BCA) from 1970 to 2023. In this period, the spring season (Mar–May) shows a small but in most regions significant increase in BCA, whereas the winter season (Dec–Feb) exhibits mostly non-significant negative trends. Moreover, BCA is found to be correlated with the Arctic Oscillation (AO) index especially in winter, although this correlation may have deteriorated in recent years. Given recent advances in skill of representing the AO in decadal prediction systems this is an encouraging result for the predictability of future avalanche danger tendencies in northern Norway. The methodology presented here may be generally applied to link climate indicators to numerical climate model output, enabling their prediction for future climate change scenarios.
Technical Note: A note on stabilization mechanisms of, e.g., Atlantic Ocean meridional overturning circulation
Authors: van Haren Hans
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The extent of anthropogenic influence on the Earth’s climate warrants studies of the ocean as a major player. The ocean circulation is important for transporting properties like heat, carbon and nutrients. A supposed major conduit is the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). As the AMOC is a complex nonlinear dynamical system, it is challenging to predict its potential to collapse and/or reversal of direction from a statistical viewpoint using a single parameter like sea-surface temperature or freshwater influx in numerical models. However, as is argued in this note supported by spectra from ocean observations, physical processes such as transport by sub-mesoscale eddies and turbulence-generating breaking of internal waves that are not incorporated in these models will alter such parameters, and thereby statistical analyses. This may lead to feed-back mechanisms on property gradients such as density stratification so that the AMOC may not collapse.
The visible and hidden climatic effects on Earth's denudation
Authors: Vergara Ivan , Santibañez Fernanda , Garreaud René , Aguilar Germán
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Denudation is the opposite process of mountain uplift and plays a major role in the Earth system. Despite the research to constrain its environmental control, uncertainties remain about which are the dominant physicochemical processes at play. Here, the 10Be-derived denudation rate, encompassing time windows from 102 to 105 yr, was modelled in over a thousand basins across the Earth. The results suggest that water and associated life have a positive effect across their whole range, which is regulated by topography due to processes such as the energy expended by rivers on their beds, the feedback between erosion and weathering, and the transport and production rate of soils. Consequently, bioclimatic influence is weak in flat landscapes, but it could vary denudation forty times in mountain settings. It was also observed that other things being equal, water availability steepens basins, so climate also has an indirect effect acting on geological timeframes. The results can be useful for the landscape's numerical modelling and highlight the importance of climate on denudation.
Level-2/-3 Status CSR
Authors: Pie Nadege , Nagel Peter , Save Himanshu , Kang Zhigui , Tamisiea Mark , Poole Steve , Zhang Chaoyang , Childress Nick , Krichman Ben , Jacob Geethu , Tapley Byron , Bettadpur Srinivas
Published: September 2024

We will present the GRACE-FO Level-2 and Level-3 products currently produced at the CSR as part of the SDS effort, in particular the changes related to the latest releases RL06.2 and RL06.3. We will provide a quality assesment of the gravity products through the usual metrics. Finally, we will offer a status report on the efforts conducted towards the RL07 reprocessing of the GRACE/GRACE-FO data and mean fields.
Fotografía amateur en España: conceptos, historiografía y métodos
Authors: Iniesta-Sepúlveda Víctor
Published: September 2024

En este artículo se aborda una revisión historiográfica de la fotografía amateur en España, una práctica tradicionalmente desatendida por la academia que, no obstante, elevó este medio a un verdadero fenómeno cultural y social. Para ello, se repasan las definiciones y acepciones del término, cotejado con conceptos afines, como vernáculo, familiar, aficionado o no profesional, además de revisar sus connotaciones en otros ámbitos similares. Asimismo, se presenta un estado de la cuestión sobre la historia de la fotografía en España, con el fin de explicar las causas de ese vacío historiográfico y recuperar las últimas contribuciones en el ámbito, con especial atención a las propuestas realizadas desde la disciplina de la historia del arte. Por último, se apuntan algunas claves metodológicas, procedentes de otras especialidades científicas, que resultan necesarias para construir un aparato crítico, flexible e integrador que permita analizar la trayectoria de estos creadores y su producción visual de manera certera.
ANALYSIS OF MODERN POPULATION ALERT TECHNOLOGIES IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
Authors: Peancovschii Serghei
Published: September 2024

This article explores the factors influencing the selection and development of an emergency population alert system in the Republic of Moldova. An analysis of modern systems in Eurozone countries is conducted, along with a brief overview of their functioning. Here there are identified main factors influencing the choice of modern alert systems. The article also presents an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of various alert technologies, at the same time it identifies the key requirements for the user interface, including the need for cross-platform software technology.
APPLICATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES TO ENHANCE THE STABILITY OF HIGH EMBANKMENT SLOPES
Authors: Polcanov Vladimir , Polcanova Alina , Cirlan Alexandru , Rascovoi Alexandru
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate the stability problems of high road embankment slopes in the Republic of Moldova, revealing shortcomings of classical methods. The authors propose a solution by using the RG system, equipped with specialized vibration drilling equipment from "RTG RAMMTECHNIC Gmbh". The method provides for the creation of piles in deep boreholes using the vibrating d, filling the cavities with soil, with subsequent compaction of soil in stages. Experimental field and laboratory research has demonstrated the effectiveness of this method. The results showed significant improvements in soil properties: increased density, strength, and deformation characteristics. The proposed technology offers advantages such as: increased load-bearing capacity of the soil-pile massif, practically complete elimination of dynamic effects on the ground and structures located in close proximity to the construction site, reduced manual labor costs, and a decrease in the overall cost of the construction work. The study aimed the application of this method in Moldova's road construction, highlighting its potential to counteract slope deformations caused by the action of various factors of any nature. The authors suggest the need for further research for refine the methodology, assess economic feasibility, and perform stress-strain analysis using the Finite Element Method. The study was concluded by outlining plans for future research on embankment slopes stabilized by soil piles using the RG installation.
PECULIARITIES OF PROTEINS FRACTIONATION AT ELECTROACTIVATION OF WHEY
Authors: Vrabie Elvira , Paladii Irina , Bologa Mircea , Vrabie Valeria , Stepurina Tatiana , Policarpov Albert , Sprincean Catalina
Published: September 2024

Food processing, which generates both by-products and waste, requires a revision of modern processes in the framework of the development of non-residual, environmentally friendly processes. Dairy by-products require the development of complex zero-waste technologies. Electroactivation is an emerging process to overcome those challenges, which allows for non-residual processing of milk by-products. Electroactivation, managing both the technological regimes and the geometric/technical parameters of the electrolyzers used to process different types of whey, allows both the electrofractionation of the whey proteins recovered in protein mineral concentrates enriched, under certain process conditions, with a certain protein content, but also the simultaneous isomerization of lactose into lactulose following two mechanisms, and creating a closed process cycle. The geometry of the electrolyzers and the content of the secondary liquid (anodic liquid) influence both the extraction and the formation of protein compounds enriched with alpha-lactalbumin, as well as the formation of a complex between calcium and isomerized lactulose.
Sobrecarga del cuidador en el programa de atención domiciliaria para personas con dependencia severa: estudio de familia con enfoque en atención primaria
Authors: Elgueta videla Catalina
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Se realiza un estudio de familia centrado en la atención domiciliaria a personas con dependencia, destacando la contextualización de cómo funciona este programa en Chile. Se presenta el caso de R.S.M., paciente masculino de 73 años con dependencia total desde abril de 2024, cuya historia clínica revela múltiples patologías y problemas de adherencia al tratamiento. Desarrollo: Su situación impacta significativamente a su familia, especialmente a su hija quien asume el rol de cuidadora principal. Desde el punto de vista de la estructura familiar de Mc-Goldrick, R.S.M. vive en una familia extensa, en la cual las relaciones interpersonales del núcleo no son estresantes ni tensas. Posee importantes redes de apoyo y colaboración. Destacan dentro de los factores protectores la buena relación familiar, sin embargo, dentro de los factores de riesgo se observan las múltiples condiciones médicas de algunos miembros de la familia, además de la dependencia severa de R.S.M. que puede causar estrés en los cuidadores. También se evaluó el ambiente físico, donde se destaca la calidad de la vivienda y del entorno barrial. Discusión: Se identificaron los problemas principales como el deterioro de la movilidad del paciente, la sobrecarga de su cuidador y la sintomatología depresiva de la cónyuge, por lo que desde el punto de vista de las intervenciones de enfermería se destaca la importancia de las intervenciones psicosociales en usuarios con dependencia severa.
Decreased Autophagic Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells upon Hydroxychloroquine and Thymoquinone Combination Treatment
Authors: Korak Tuğcan , Bal Albayrak Merve Gulsen , Yanar Sevinc , Akpınar Gürler , Kasap Murat
Published: September 2024

Objective: Autophagy plays a significant role in breast cancer tumorigenesis, including triple-negative breast cancer. Research indicates that hydroxychloroquine and thymoquinone modulate autophagy, potentially suppressing its activity. However, their combined effects on autophagy in triple-negative breast cancer remain unexplored. In this study, we investigated the potential anti-cancer and autophagy-modulating effects of hydroxychloroquine-thymoquinone combination on triple-negative breast cancer cells in vitro.
Material and Method: The viability of MDA-MB-231 cells was evaluated after treatment with hydroxychloroquine (10-210 µM) and thymoquinone (5-45 µM) for 24 and 48 hours using the WST-1 assay. Combination effects were analyzed using the Chou-Talalay method with CompuSyn (v.10). Autophagic vesicles were visualized using an Autophagy Detection Kit and fluorescence microscopy to investigate their role in the decrease in cell viability. Statistical analysis was performed with GraphPad Prism (v.8.3.0).
Results: At both 24- and 48-hour intervals post-treatment, a significant decrease in viability was observed for both hydroxychloroquine and thymoquinone treatments individually (p1). At 24 hours, favorable dose reduction effects were evident (dose reduction index >1), while the 48-hour results showed an unfavorable reduction (dose reduction index
Challenges in Promoting Learner Autonomy in Blended Learning: Perspectives from English as a Foreign Language Teachers in China
Authors: Cao Yongmei , Jeyaraj Joanna Joseph , Bakar Razali Abu
Published: September 2024

Blended learning is gaining popularity as a prevailing practice in higher education worldwide. This study explores the challenges faced by experienced English as a Foreign Language teachers in promoting learner autonomy within blended learning environments. Drawing from interviews and classroom observations conducted with five EFL teachers at a private university in China, the study identifies four key challenges: technological, pedagogical, cultural, and institutional. Technological challenges revolve around concerns regarding technical support, internet reliability, and hardware availability, highlighting the need for sturdy technical infrastructure and supportive mechanisms. Pedagogical challenges include designing effective blended learning activities that balance teacher-led instruction with opportunities for student autonomy, emphasizing the importance of scaffolding learning tasks, and providing adequate support for independent learning. Cultural challenges underscore the influence of cultural factors on student attitudes towards autonomy and authority in the classroom, emphasizing the necessity for culturally responsive teaching practices. Institutional challenges highlight barriers stemming from rigid curriculum requirements, limited professional development opportunities, and a lack of administrative support, underscoring the importance of systemic support and organizational change. The findings offer valuable guidance for institutions, administrators, and EFL teachers on how to design more effective blended EFL courses. Limitations and suggestions for future studies such as larger sample size, rigorous data collection method, and longitudinal studies are provided to enhance our understanding of promoting learner autonomy in blended learning environments.
Performance Evaluation of Lambs Fed Tifton 85 Grass Hay and Concentrate Through LIPE® Marker
Authors: Hupp Adriano Conti , Cóser Antônio Carlos , Almeida Júnior Gercílio Alves de , Machado Thiago Jaccoud , Hupp Bárbara Do Nascimento Lemos , Stradiotti Júnior Deolindo , Wendling Ivan Jannotti , Almeida Marco Túlio Costa , Morenz Mirton José Frota
Published: September 2024

The research was carried out with the aim of evaluate increasing levels of concentrate supplementation on intake and performance of lambs fed Tifton 85 grass hay adopting LIPE® marker technique. Twenty-four weaned and castrated Santa Inês crossbreed lambs with initial body weight (BW) of 20.99 ± 3.62 kg were distributed in four treatments with Tifton 85 hay exclusive or associated with concentrate levels (0.0, 6.6, 13.3 and 20.0 g kg-1 BW d-1), in a completely randomized design with six animals per treatment. The experimental period lasted 98 days, with the first 14 days for animal adaptation to the new environmental conditions, handling and feeding. The diets were fed ad libitum twice a day. Lambs were weighted at each 14 days. Dry matter intake (DMI) was estimated by the technique of Isolated, Purified and Enriched Lignin (LIPE®) while neutral detergent fiber intake (NDFI) and crude protein intake (CPI) were obtained from the content of their fractions present in the diets. There was an increase in DMI and CPI and a similar response in NDFI with the increasing levels of concentrate. The daily liveweight gain per animal showed a linear response when the levels of concentrate were increased and the highest values wereobserved when 20.0 g kg-1 BW d-1 of concentrate was fed. The increasing levels of concentrate supplementation allowed greater daily and total body weight gains per lamb and there is a consistent relationship between nutrient intakes and performance in the treatments and the LIPE® marker proved to be an efficient technique to evaluate the DMI by lambs.
Suçlu mu Değil mi? Birleşik Krallık’ın Kingsnorth kararı ışığında çevre hakkına ilişkin Türk mevzuatının incelenmesi
Authors: Türker Yavuz Özhan
Published: September 2024

Giriş ve Hedefler Günümüzde ormanların ve verimli toprakların hızla tükenmesi ve içme suyu kaynaklarının kirlenmesi hem çevre hareketlerinin başlamasına hem de etkilerinin giderek artmasına neden olmuştur. Bu arada İngiltere mahkemelerindeki Kingsnorth kararı, önemli bir bakış açısını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Çalışmada bu mahkeme kararının çevresel eylemlere etkisi incelenmiştir.
Yöntemler Çalışmada literature taramasının yanında yargı kararı analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular Mahkeme, Kingsnorth elektrik santralinin bacasına tırmanarak ve üzerine yazı yazarak mülke suç teşkil eden zarar vermekle suçlanan aktivistleri, sanıkların protestolarının hukuken haklı nedenleri olduğu gerekçesiyle beraat ettirmiştir.
Sonuçlar Çalışma sonunda çevresel protestoların çevre hakkı kapsamında hukuka uygun kabul edilebilecekleri sonucuna varılmıştır.
Rare diseases, trends and challenges for scientific advances: a snapshot of a decade of research in Brazil
Authors: Aquino Fábio de Oliveira , Silva Ricardo Eccard da , Novaes Maria Rita Carvalho Garbi
Published: September 2024

Brazil is home to around 13 million rare disease patients, which represents a significant challenge for biomedical research and public health. This descriptive and exploratory study analyzed research protocols on rare diseases submitted to Plataforma Brasil between 2013 and 2023, with the aim of identifying trends, challenges and opportunities for scientific progress in this area. The research evaluated variables such as the number of studies submitted and approved, sample characteristics, type of study, experimental design, research phase, participation in international networks, and epidemiological data (ICD). The results indicate a substantial increase in the number of protocols submitted over the period analyzed, with an average approval rate of 87.26%. Most of the studies were conducted in public institutions, highlighting the fundamental role of the public sector in rare disease research in Brazil. These findings suggest a growing investment and interest in research in this area, which could boost the development of new therapies and interventions, as well as supporting the formulation of more effective public policies to meet the needs of patients with rare diseases.
DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MUCUS-PRODUCING BACTERIA:PRODUCERS OF BIOPOLYMERS
Authors: А.Zh. ZHUNISZHAN , R.Zh. BERZHANOVA , G.K. ABAY , V.V. KHUTORYANSKY , Т.Т. RAKHMETOVA , А.А. MUKASH , А.А. KUMARGAZHINOVA , A. SEKSENBAYEV , T.D. MUKASHEVA
Published: September 2024

The paper reports on the detection and isolation of mucus-forming microorganisms from soil samples, rhizosphere and plant tissue growing in the foothill and foothill plains of the Zailiyskiy Alatau, belonging to the families Lamiaceae, Didymochlaenaceae and Compositae. 232 isolates were used in this work: 216 of them were mucus-forming isolates and 16 were isolated from oil-contaminated soil samples. A high percentage of mucus-forming bacteria has been isolated from the soil, rhizosphere and roots of peppermint plants (Mentha piperita). Screening methods for assessing the ability of microorganisms to produce mucus on various media, by visual observation of the phenotypic characteristics of colonies (mucous or mucoid), relative viscosity and density of the culture fluid. It was found that the highest percentage of colonies with a viscous phenotype among mucus-forming bacteria was observed on dishes with YPG and YM media. From 232, 9 viscous/mucoid isolates were selected: MRK, FRK, TRK8, TRK27, PRK4, MEK33, PRK13, MEK9 and PEK1, characterized by the highest mucus yield, with higher relative viscosity values from 38.8±7.1% to 40.1 ±6.4% and the density of the culture fluid in various media is 4.9001 - 5.0001 g/cm3.

В работе сообщается о поиске и выделении слизеобразующих микроорганизмов из образцов почв, ризосферы и ткани растений, произрастающих в предгорных и подгорных равнинах Заилийского Алатау, относящиеся к семейству Lamiaceae, Didymochlaenaceae и Compositae. В работе использовано 232 изолята: из них 216 слизеобразующих и 16 выделенных из нефтезагрязненных почвенных образцов. Высокий процент слизеобразующих бактерий изолирован из почвы, ризосферы и корней растений мяты перечной (Méntha piperíta). Скрининговые методы по оценке способности микроорганизмов продуцировать слизь на различных средах проводили по визуальному наблюдению фенотипических характеристик колоний (слизистый или мукоидный), относительной вязкости и плотности культуральной жидкости. Установлено, что наибольший процент колоний с вязким фенотипом среди слизеобразующих бактерии наблюдали на чашках со средами YPG и YМ. Из 232 выбрано 9 вязких/мукоидных изолятов MRK, FRK, TRK8, TRK27, PRK4, МЕК33, PRK13, MEK9 и PEK1, характеризующийся наибольшим выходом слизи, с более высокими значениями относительной вязкости от 38,8±7,1 (мп/сек) до 40,1±6,4 (мп/сек) и плотности культуральной жидкости на различных средах в пределах 4,9001 - 5,0001 г/см3.
SELECTION OF A NUTRIENT MEDIUM FOR OBTAINING LYOPHILIZATE ASSOCIATION OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA
Authors: A.D. MASSIRBAEVA , A.K. SADANOV , B.B. BAIMAKHANOVA , I.A. RATNIKOVA , S.E. ORAZIMBET , O.N. LAHHK , V.G. MELNIKOV
Published: September 2024

The article describesthe preparation of lactic acid bacteria association lyophilizate based on Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 30/1 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 36/1, which are part ofa probiotic drug against intestinal and extra-intestinal infections of humans. Accordingto the results of the study, the best medium for growing this probiotic association is a nutrient medium of the following composition (g/l): glucose - 15.0; yeast extract - 5.0; meat extract - 5.0; peptone - 10.0; ammonium citric acid - 2.0; sodium acetic acid - 2.0; potassium phosphoric acid 1-substituted - 2.0; sodium phosphoric acid 2-substituted - 2.0; magnesium sulfate - 0.2; manganese sulfate - 0.05. Water –based on the calculation of bringing the volume of the medium to 1 liter, pH - 6.5-7.0.. A lyophilizateof an association of lactic acid bacteria grown ona nutrient medium of this composition with high antagonistic activity againstthe test cultures taken into the study after the lyophilic drying process was obtained.

В статье описывается получение лиофилизата ассоциации молочнокислых бактерий на основе Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 30/1 и Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 36/1, входящих в состав пробиотического препарата против кишечных и внекишечных инфекций человека. По результатам исследования лучшим вариантомдля выращивания данной пробиотической ассоциации является питательная среда следующего состава (г/л): глюкоза - 15,0; дрожжевой экстракт - 5,0; мясной экстракт - 5,0; пептон - 10,0; аммоний лимоннокислый - 2,0; натрий уксуснокислый - 2,0; калий фосфорнокислый 1-замещенный - 2,0; натрий фосфорнокислый 2-замещенный - 2,0; магний сернокислый - 0,2; марганец сернокислый - 0,05, pH - 6,5-7,0. Получен лиофилизат ассоциации молочнокислых бактерий, выращенной на питательной среде данного состава с высокой антагонистической активностью в отношении взятых в исследование тест-культур, после проведения процесса лиофильного высушивания.
CLINICAL TRIALS OF THE ANTIFUNGAL DRUG «ROSEOFUNGIN-AS, OINTMENT 2%,» - PHASE II
Authors: A.Y. YELUBAYEVA , B.B. BAIMAKHANOVA , A.K. SADANOV , A.S. BALGIMBAYEVA , V.E. BEREZIN , L.P. TRENOZHNIKOVA , O.N. LAHHK , T.D. DOOLOTKELDIEVA
Published: September 2024

The article presents the results of an open prospective controlled randomized trial of the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the drug «Roseofungin - AS, ointment 2% »for external use of phase II.

В статье представлены результаты открытого проспективного контролируемого рандомизированного исследования терапевтической эффективности и безопасности лекарственного средства «Розеофунгин-АС, мазь 2%» для наружного применения II фазы.
Multidisciplinary approaches to managing cardiogenic shock
Authors: AL Khathami Mohammed Mesfer Musaed , Alenazi Ahmed Mufleh , Ababtain Hind Amer , Alanazi Mohammed Mahal , Daghas Ibrahim Ahmad , Alrashidi Abdulaziz Ahmad , Alghamdi Najlaa Saeed
Published: September 2024

Background: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a life-threatening condition that arises from the heart's inability to pump sufficient blood, leading to inadequate perfusion of vital organs. It frequently results from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and is associated with a high mortality rate despite advances in treatment. Managing CS requires a multidisciplinary approach involving emergency medical services (EMS), paramedics, pharmacists, and health information systems. Aim: This article explores the pathophysiology, etiology, and treatment of CS, emphasizing the role of multidisciplinary care teams in improving patient outcomes. Methods: The review synthesizes current literature on CS management, focusing on the contributions of EMS, paramedics, pharmacists, and health information systems in stabilizing hemodynamics, administering pharmacotherapy, and optimizing long-term care. The analysis also examines clinical trial data, risk scoring models, and the effectiveness of early revascularization therapies. Results: Effective CS management hinges on early diagnosis, immediate revascularization, and hemodynamic stabilization through pharmacological agents and mechanical circulatory support (MCS). EMS and paramedics are pivotal in the early detection and transport of CS patients, while pharmacists play a key role in optimizing pharmacotherapy. Health information systems contribute by streamlining communication, data sharing, and decision-making processes.
Managing acute coronary syndrome: Protocols and best practices
Authors: AL Khathami Mohammed Mesfer Musaed , Ababtain Hind Amer , Alareefi Hind Saad , Alshehri Danah Ahmed , Alharbi Sanad Samah , Al Jasser Saleh Abdullatif , Alharbi Talal Muteb Hussain , Alsulami Abdulkarim Hamed , Daghas Ibrahim Ahmad , Almutairi Saif Helal , Alghamdi Najlaa Saeed
Published: September 2024

Background: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) management in elderly patients poses unique challenges due to age-related physiological changes and comorbidities. Prompt and accurate assessment and management are crucial to prevent adverse outcomes. Aim: This review aims to evaluate current protocols and best practices for managing ACS in elderly patients, focusing on diagnostic strategies, treatment options, and considerations for invasive and antithrombotic therapies. Review also aimed to improve the future responses via pharmacists, emergency services, and health information systems. Methods: The review synthesizes guidelines and recent research on the management of ACS in elderly populations. It highlights the importance of early ECG interpretation, risk assessment, and tailored therapeutic interventions, including antithrombotic therapies and invasive procedures. Results: Key findings include the necessity for early and precise diagnostic evaluation, including ECG and troponin tests. Invasive management strategies, such as early coronary angiography, have shown benefits but must be carefully weighed against risks in very elderly patients. Antithrombotic therapy requires dose adjustments based on renal function and bleeding risks. Radial access is preferred during PCI to minimize bleeding complications. The review also discusses ongoing research in optimizing antithrombotic therapies for the elderly.
INSTITUIÇÕES ORÇAMENTÁRIAS E CAPACIDADE DE RESPOSTA A CRISES
Authors: Alexandre Magrini Pigatto José , Azevedo Ricardo Rocha de , Lopes Cardoso Ricardo , De Abreu Guelber Fajardo Bernardo , Santos Moreira da Cunha Armando
Published: September 2024

Este ensaio tem por objetivo discutir o arranjo de algumas as instituições orçamentárias do Brasil e como elas afetam as respostas aos efeitos da pandemia de COVID-19. Essas instituições compreendem o ambiente externo ao orçamento, as regras estáveis, as regras de metas numéricas e regras de procedimentos. Por um lado, diferentes configurações em diferentes regras criaram ao longo do tempo limitações significativas de resposta às crises, sobretudo aquelas imprevisíveis. Por outro, as respostas orçamentárias dos governos, como o do Brasil à emergência da Pandemia de COVID-19, concentraram-se nos auxílios direto às pessoas; assistência a empresas; assistência a governos subnacionais e medidas para manutenção dos empregos. Tradicionalmente, a atuação da Administração Pública brasileira frente às crises é de respostas de curto prazo em detrimento de ajustes estruturais. A discussão se apropria de exemplos de conflitos e contradições entre princípios clássicos e demais regras orçamentárias no Brasil e no exterior, bem como da literatura sobre resiliência, para refletir sobre a necessidade de mudanças e de construção de capacidades de respostas mais duradouras às crises futuras bem como sobre o seu alcance. Nesse sentido, o quadro de enfrentamento à pandemia no Brasil valeu-se de um orçamento especial, sem qualquer ferramenta de enfrentamento antecipatória. A maior capacidade antecipatória extinta em 2018 no Brasil, o Fundo Soberano, daria conta de apenas 5% do suporte orçamentário à pandemia pago em 2020. Diante dessa magnitude, a resposta por meio de déficits torna-se inevitável. O ensaio conclui também que além do ambiente orçamentário pré-pandêmico desfavorável no contexto nacional, quatro outros fatores contribuem para a fragilidade da resposta governamental no Brasil frente à crises, ou seja, a relativização de regras orçamentárias frente aos princípios tradicionais com prejuízos à criação de capacidades de enfrentamento, os frágeis mecanismos anticíclicos, os débeis instrumentos de carregamento de recursos intertemporais e o alto grau de especificação das despesas orçamentárias.
ANÁLISE DAS PUBLICAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS SOBRE AGRESSIVIDADE FISCAL E ESTRATÉGIAS ALTERNATIVAS DE GESTÃO TRIBUTÁRIA
Authors: Guerra Fellipe
Published: September 2024

A gestão tributária adequada, busca diminuir a carga tributária das empresas e mitigar riscos fiscais. Por outro lado, uma conduta mais agressiva representa um caminho arriscado que aumenta as chances da criação de passivos tributários e pode prejudicar tanto as finanças como a reputação da empresa. Considerando este cenário, o presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar as publicações internacionais sobre agressividade fiscal e as estratégias legais alternativas de gestão tributária. De modo complementar, busca-se oferecer uma discussão teórico empírica a respeito das características e consequências da adoção de ambas as práticas. Para tal, o estudo utiliza uma revisão sistemática da literatura no período de 2013 a 2022 dos artigos disponíveis na base de dados Scopus®. A partir da estatística descritiva é possível construir evidências. Estas por sua vez mostram um crescente interesse científico pela gestão tributária ao longo do tempo, refletindo sua importância no campo da contabilidade. Tanto as estratégias fiscais legais quanto as práticas questionáveis despertaram um interesse crescente entre os profissionais, pesquisadores, países e universidades ao redor do mundo, indicando sua relevância global e uma diversidade de contribuições. Em termos de reflexão teórica empírica denota-se que a gestão tributária, baseada em compliance tributário, representa uma opção legal e segura para minimizar os custos fiscais das empresas. Por outro lado, a agressividade fiscal apresenta riscos significativos para a reputação dos negócios, criando passivos tributários e expondo-os a multas e processos. A pesquisa contribui para orientar os profissionais de contabilidade e gestores empresariais na tomada de decisões.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF GASTRO-RETENTIVE FLOATING TABLET CASE USING FDM 3D PRINTING TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota – 325 003, Rajasthan, India, Vaishnav Parul , Vinchurkar Kuldeep ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Krishna School of Pharmacy and Research, (BITS Edu Campus), Drs. Kiran and Pallavi Patel Global University (KPGU), Varnama, Vadodara – 391 240, Gujarat, India, Mishra Dinesh K. ,   Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Koni, Bilaspur – 495 009, Chhattisgarh, India
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research was to examine a novel Fused Deposition Model (FDM) 3D Printing Method for creating a gastro-retentive floating tablet case containing metronidazole compressed tablet. Metronidazole was employed as a model drug and successfully integrated into floating tablet case composed of polyvinyl alcohol filament. The tablet design was made by AutoCAD software and the slicing of tablet design was carried out. To evaluate the formulation parameters for 3D printed tablet case, various orifice sizes were optimized. These 3D printed tablet cases were assessed for weight variation, friability, hardness, in vitro floating test and in vitro dissolution studies. All results met acceptable criteria. Notably, the 0.5 mm orifice case floated on 0.1 N HCI media surface for over 345 min, displaying zero - order drug release. Thus, this work demonstrates the potential of 3D Printing technology as an innovative platform for gastroretentive floating tablets to promote a modern era of personalized medicine.
NEW APPROACH FOR ASSURING HIGHER QUALITY OF CALCIUM OROTATE BY ESTIMATING OROTIC ACID CONTENT USING STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS University, Mumbai – 400 056, Maharashtra, India, Jalundhwala Forum J. ,   Department of Quality Assurance, Shreenath Chemicals, Boisar - 401 506, Maharashtra, India, Londhe Vaishali Y. ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS University, Mumbai – 400 056, Maharashtra, India, Shah Bharat S. ,   Department of Quality Assurance, Shreenath Chemicals, Boisar - 401 506, Maharashtra, India
Published: September 2024

Calcium orotate is one of the highly prescribed calcium salts. The orotic acid content is crucial for exhibiting its high bioavailability. There are no methods available to estimate orotic acid content in calcium orotate. The primary objective of this study was to develop and validate a robust method for the estimation of orotic acid from the bulk calcium orotate. A stability indicating RP-HPLC method was developed using an isocratic condition of mobile phase comprising 20 mM of monobasic potassium phosphate in water (pH 2.5) with phosphoric acid at a flow rate of 1 mL min-1 over C-18 (ODS, 250 × 4.6 mm) column at ambient temperature with UV detection at 214 nm. It was validated with respect to accuracy, specificity, precision, linearity, range, robustness and system suitability. Real sample analysis was also performed to test the applicability for regular analysis of calcium orotate bulk samples to assure its quality.
AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE AND BETAINE HYDROCHLORIDE COMBINATION: A PROMISING STRATEGY FOR MITIGATING ARTHRITIS IN RAT MODELS
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V. M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai- 400 056, Maharashtra, India, Mohite Rupali D. , Doshi Gaurav M. ,   Department of Pharmacology, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V. M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai- 400 056, Maharashtra, India
Published: September 2024

In an arthritic model produced by Complete Freund’s adjuvant, the purpose was to investigate the therapeutic benefits of amiodarone hydrochloride and betaine hydrochloride alone and in combination. Amiodarone hydrochloride and betaine hydrochloride groups displayed significant improvements in body weight, paw volume, motility test and stair climbing ability. Blood analysis indicated that amiodarone hydrochloride and betaine hydrochloride could modulate RBC, WBC, platelet levels and hemoglobin levels. X-ray radiography demonstrated reduced joint space and increased radiodensity in the disease control, which improved with amiodarone hydrochloride and betaine hydrochloride groups. Histopathological analysis revealed reduced tissue damage in the treated groups in comparsion to disease control. Moreover, amiodarone hydrochloride and betaine hydrochloride treatment significantly reduced TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17 levels, with betaine hydrochloride having the most pronounced effect. Intriguingly, betaine hydrochloride effectively suppressed NF-kB activity in the tissue homogenate. Amiodarone hydrochloride and betaine hydrochloride, whether administered alone or in combination, exhibited substantial anti-inflammatory and protective effects.
SPHERICAL AGGLOMERATION OF TELMISARTAN - AN APPROACH TO IMPROVE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Bachupally - 500 090, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Nijhawan Monika , Aleti Rajeswari ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Bachupally - 500 090, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Gunnam Sailaja ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Bachupally - 500 090, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Nawale Sneha ,   Department of Pharmacognosy, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Bachupally - 500 090, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Published: September 2024

The study explains the preparation of spherical agglomerates (SA) of telmisartan (TLS), a BCS class II drug used to improve it’s physicochemical and bulk properties. Drugs of this class could potentially exhibit dissolution rate limited absorption. TLS spherical agglomerates were designed using hydrophilic polymer (PVP K-30), dimethyl formamide (DMF), water and ethyl acetate (bridging liquid) by solvent change method and evaluated for micromeritic properties. The SA were characterized by particle size determination, FTIR, PXRD and SEM. The results of micromeritic studies indicated that SA showed improved flow properties due to their spherical shape and bigger size. Absence of strong interaction at molecular level and alteration in the crystal structure of TLS with modification in crystallinity was confirmed by FTIR and PXRD respectively. TLS solubility characteristics were improved by this approach.