bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synaptotagmin-7 Counteracts Short-Term Depression during Phasic Dopamine Release
Authors: Lebowitz Joseph J. , Kissiwaa Sarah A. , Engeln Kim A. , Bowman Anna M. , Williams John T. , Jackman Skyler L.
Published: February 2024

Dopamine neurons switch from tonic pacemaker activity to high-frequency bursts in response to salient stimuli. These bursts lead to superlinear increases in dopamine release, and the degree of this increase is highly dependent on firing frequency. The superlinearity and frequency dependence of dopamine release implicate short-term plasticity processes. The presynaptic Ca2+-sensor synaptotagmin-7 (SYT7) has suitable properties to mediate such short-term plasticity and has been implicated in regulating dopamine release from somatodendritic compartments. Here, we use a genetically encoded dopamine sensor and whole-cell electrophysiology inSyt7KO mice to determine how SYT7 contributes to both axonal and somatodendritic dopamine release. We find that SYT7 mediates a hidden component of facilitation of release from dopamine terminals that can be unmasked by lowering initial release probability or by predepressing synapses with low-frequency stimulation. Depletion of SYT7 increased short-term depression and reduced release during stimulations that mimic in vivo firing. Recordings of D2-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic currents in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) confirmed a similar role for SYT7 in somatodendritic release. Our results indicate that SYT7 drives short-term facilitation of dopamine release, which may explain the frequency dependence of dopamine signaling seen in vivo.
The Importance of Conceptual Clarity and Methodological Diversity for Studying Confidential Gossip – a Response and Addition to Fan et al. (2021)
Authors: Beersma Bianca , Martinescu Elena , Testori Martina , Dores Cruz Terence , Nieper Annika
Published: February 2024

In their essay ‘Confidential gossip and organization studies’, Fan, Grey, and Kärreman (2021) argue that confidential gossip is a distinctive sub-category of gossip that has particular implications for the communicative constitution of organizations and that they provide a methodological platform for studying confidential gossip. We view these claims, written from a phenomenological/constructivist perspective, from a postpositivist perspective, and propose some amendments and nuance, with the goal of furthering understanding of confidential gossip. Fan et al’s adoption of context-specific and mutable meanings for participants may be adequate for the purposes of their broadly phenomenological analysis, but needs amending if it is to enable the formulation of clear theoretical propositions and testable predictions regarding the effects of confidential gossip in organizations, which from our perspective is essential. We make three suggestions. First, a clear definition of gossip is needed. Second, we emphasize the importance of clear predictions on how confidentiality shapes gossip processes and outcomes by distinguishing (1) sender motives for confidentiality, (2) receiver perceptions of confidentiality, and (3) whether gossip is kept confidential from just the gossip target or also from other parties. Systematically testing such predictions could then lend support for the conclusion that confidential gossip is a distinctive sub-category of gossip that impacts organizations in different ways than non-confidential gossip does. Third, we argue that Fan et al.’s methodological perspective overlooks recent developments in the gossip literature, and that rather than focusing on participant observation as Fan et al. advocate, employing a broader range of research methods is needed to understand confidential gossip and its impact on organizations.
Public Policy Studies and Research in the Arab World
Authors: El-Mikawy Noha , El Baradei Laila
Published: February 2024

Public policy studies in the Middle East and North Africa region are usually conducted either inside academic setups or within specialized and/or interdisciplinary research centers and think tanks. The field is considered relatively new, and up to this day the term may not be totally clear to the layperson. The context in which policymaking occurs in many parts of the region is not only complicated, taking into consideration the many near-failed states, but also characterized mostly by ambiguity and lack of transparency. The aim of this article is to look at some indicative trends and explore the what, where, and how of policy studies in the region, highlighting key challenges faced and achievements realized.
Risk of cardiovascular disease after hospital-diagnosed overweight or obesity
Authors: Gribsholt Sigrid Bjerge , Schmidt Morten , Kristiansen Eskild Bendix , Richelsen Bjørn , Sørensen Henrik Toft
Published: February 2024

Objective

The aim was to examine the association between hospital-diagnosed overweight/obesity and incident CVD according to the time period of the overweight/obesity diagnosis.

Design

This is a cohort study.

Methods

From Danish national health registries, we identified all residents with a first-time hospital-based overweight/obesity diagnosis code, 1977–2018 (n = 195,221), and an age and sex-matched general population comparison cohort (n = 1,952,210). We computed adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Cox regression. We adjusted for comorbidities and educational level and applied 10 years of follow-up.

Results

The overall incidence rate was 10.1 (95% CI 10.0–10.1) per 1000 person-years for the comparison cohort and 25.1 (95% CI 24.8–25.4) per 1000 person-years for the overweight/obesity cohort, corresponding to an aHR of 2.5 (95% CI 2.4–2.5). The aHR was elevated for all subtypes of CVD: heart failure: 3.9 (95% CI 3.7–4.1), bradyarrhythmia: 2.9 (95% CI 2.7–3.1), angina pectoris: 2.7 (95% CI 2.7–2.8), atrial fibrillation or flutter: 2.6 (95% CI 2.5–2.6), acute myocardial infarction: 2.4 (95% CI 2.3–2.4), revascularization procedure: 2.4 (95% CI 2.2–2.5), valvular heart disease: 1.7 (95% CI 1.6–1.8), ischemic stroke: 1.6 (95% CI 1.4–1.7), transient ischemic attack: 1.6 (95% CI 1.5–1.7), and cardiovascular death: 1.6 (95% CI 1.5–1.6). The 1–10-year aHR of any CVD associated with an overweight/obesity diagnosis decreased from 2.8 (95% CI 2.7–2.9) in 1977–1987 to 1.8 (95% CI 1.8–1.9) in 2008–2018.

Conclusion

Patients with hospital-diagnosed overweight/obesity had high rates of ischemic heart disease, heart failure, structural heart disease, arrhythmia, stroke, and death, although the strength of the association decreased in recent years.

Significance statement

Obesity is linked to metabolic abnormalities that predispose individuals to an increased risk of subtypes of CVD. In this population-based nationwide 40-year cohort study, we found that of 195,221 patients with an overweight/obesity diagnosis, more than 31,000 (15.9%) were admitted to hospital within 10 years because of CVD; corresponding to a 2.5-fold greater relative risk of any CVD associated with overweight/obesity than in the general population. We observed an increased risk for most CVD subtypes, including ischemic heart disease, heart failure, structural heart disease, arrhythmia, stroke, and cardiovascular death, although the strength of the association decreased in recent years. Our study emphasizes the importance of improved clinical handling of obesity and underscores the need to prevent associated complications to alleviate the burden of obesity.
Efectividad de estrategias didácticas utilizadas para propiciar el logro de un mismo objetivo curricular en la Escuela de Secretariado Profesional de la UNA: percepción estudiantil
Authors: Cordero Norieth Guillén
Published: February 2024

The Office Procedures course of the Escuela de Secretariado Profesional from Universidad Nacional covers topics related to the appropriate management of administrative activities in the modern office. It has a methodology focused on the theoretical analysis of the contents and the constant practice through dramas, simulations, demonstrations, visits to institutions, among others, in order to promote the familiarization of students with the secretarial and administrative techniques of public and private organizations. This article allows knowing the students’ perception about the effectiveness of the different didactic strategies used to propitiate the achievement of the samecurricular objective throughout three years, 2017, 2018 and 2019, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each one of the strategies.
APLICACIONES TECNOLÓGICAS EN LOS PROCESOS DE ENSEÑANZA Y APRENDIZAJE DE LA EDUCACIÓN COMERCIAL EN SECUNDARIA
Authors: Flores Alejandra Aguero , Prado Chinchilla Damaris
Published: February 2024

This article aims to guide and encourage teachers to use technological applications, for the development of content adapted to the educational context in which they work, although there are resource limitations in the different educational centers, it should not be left aside, since, These tools promote student skills, competencies, interest, criticality, and motivation through the integration of gamification, collaborative activities, infographics, presentations, quizzes, exams, videos, and comics that recreate a class that breaks with the traditional model.
The Commercial Education teacher, who works in the different modalities offered by the secondary education system at the national level, agrees with the need for technological updating, referring to the teaching and learning process that has evolved the way in which classes were taught.
LA LA METODOLOGÍA B-LEARNING APLICADA EN EL CURSO COMUNICACIÓN Y REDACCIÓN DE LAS CARRERAS DE ADMINISTRACIÓN DE OFICINAS Y EDUCACIÓN COMERCIAL DE LA ESCUELA DE SECRETARIADO PROFESIONAL DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COSTA RICA
Authors: FONSECA ARGUELLO MATILDE , UGALDE VILLALOBOS MARÍA EUGENIA
Published: February 2024

This research seeks to make an analysis of the theoretical elements andmethodological procedures used during the “Communication and Writing” courseof the Secretarial Business School majors from a b-learning methodology topromote a good writing process. The results of the investigation determine thatthe methodology of virtual classrooms favors the development of meaningfullearning for students with activities such as forums, wikis, and tasks.
Educación para el Desarrollo Sostenible: eje de la Política Educativa Costarricense
Authors: Chen Quesada Evelyn , Hernández Chaves Carolina , Muñoz Valenciano Edgardo , Segura Bonilla Olman
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this proposal is to verify the incorporation of key competenciesof the Education for Sustainable Development in the Educational Policy “Theperson: center of the educational process and transforming subject of thesociety” (EP) and to analyze the axis Education for Sustainable Development ofthe Educational Policy and its relationship with the 17 Sustainable DevelopmentGoals (SDG). These goals were approved in September 2015 by the UnitedNations and make up the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with theaim of ending poverty, fighting inequality and injustice and being prepared forclimate change.To carry out this analysis, the comparative method is used to verify the inclusionof key competencies and the relationship of the Education for SustainableDevelopment axis with the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, which describethe main economic, social and environmental challenges for the development of humanity to achieve a sustainable world in the year 2030. This study determines that Costa Rica considers the Education for Sustainable Development as the axis of the Costa Rican Educational Policy, being education  the means that allow the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.In addition, public policies based on ESD are formulated and strengthened through regulatory frameworks that consolidate initiatives in organizations and citizens.
Estado de la internacionalización en la Escuela de Secretariado Profesional, 2018-2019
Authors: España Chavarría Carolina , Corrales Escalante Xinia , Calvo Margarita Vargas , Arce Soto Fabián
Published: February 2024

Case study developed at the “Escuela de Secretariado Profesional” (ESP) of the Social Science Faculty at Universidad Nacional of Costa Rica. Its overall objective was to diagnose the state of internationalization in the ESP, 2018-2019.  Its specific objectives were, a) to compare curricula and the output profile of the Office Administration major offered in the ESP and the other bachelor degrees taught in three Latin-American countries, b) to identify strategic actionsof internationalization available in the ESP in terms of scholarships, programs, projects and activities of international research, networks, among others and (c) designing a strategic action route that guaranties the sustainability of internationalization in the target text.  Among the most significant findings are the urgent need for training in the field of cooperation and international exchange, the creation of working teams that can ensure the availability,accessibility and transfer of study programs in the overseas and which also consider the recognition and omparability of credits and degrees outside and within the country, among others.
Habilidades blandas como requisito solicitado por los empleadores de la zona de Pérez Zeledón, para puestos relacionados con la carrera de Administración de Oficinas, en el II ciclo de 2019
Authors: Ureña Hernández Mariam
Published: February 2024

The following work shows the soft skills required by employers in the Pérez Zeledón area, as a requirement for hiring staff in administrative positions. Identifying these skills through the application of semi-structured instruments,obtaining that empathy, interpersonal relationships and self-awareness are identified as the main strengths of the students, in contrast, among those that present lower percentages are, assertive communication, decision-makingand stress management, which reflects the difficulty in dealing with and solving intrinsic and extrinsic problems that are generated daily. This information is given from the development of the students, in the professional practice within each organization. Likewise, through the interview, employers indicate that those interested in working in commercial or service companies must possess skills such as teamwork, people skills, proactivity, self-confidence and creativity. These characteristic necessary for fulfillment of objectives and goals proposed by these employers. Therefore, it is necessary to provide spaces within the university, where students can apply and practice the skills that later they need in the workplace.
Actas de órganos colegiados: relevancia, pertinencia y reflejo de la acción sustantiva de las organizaciones
Authors: Ugalde Villalobos María Eugenia , Masaya Ballestero Dalys Marcela
Published: February 2024

The objective of this article is to provide information about the process of taking minutes not only in person but also virtually. The writing of minutes of collegiate or deliberative bodies is a subject that requires analysis from different aspects: technical, administrative, legal, structural, and drafting procedures. Everything is evidenced from the national regulations for public bodies as specialized criteria and theorical basis. The methodology used was based on a relevant bibliographic inquiry and the opinion of people in charge of participating in the taking of minutes, both in governmental and private organizations.
The results show the importance of the minutes of collegiate bodies as a historical and current documentary type that reflects the substantive actionof the instances, either by a guideline that establishes it, or by the pertinent recognition of its use and application.
Experiencia de la Escuela de Secretariado Profesional de la Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica en el Proceso de Certificación como Eco Oficinas. Periodo 2016-2017
Authors: Ugalde Villalobos María Eugenia , Mora Villalobos Sandra
Published: February 2024

The experience of Escuela de Secretariado of Universidad Nacional in the Process of Certifying as an Eco-Office deals with fostering awareness among the students, the administrative workers, and the teachers in the responsible use and consumption of resources such as energy, paper, and waste to generate a more efficient environmental management in the work and study spaces.  The methodology used was to follow the steps suggested by the UNA-Sustainable Campus Program through which the School of Professional Secretariat obtained the Eco-Office certification.  In addition, a survey was conducted among students, academics and administrative staff to measure, evaluate, and collect data for this research.As a result, it was found that in Escuela de Secretariado there is more awareness in the present in comparison with the past, about the environmental problem, and for this reason materials are rejected, reduced, reused and recycled when necessary, which brings positive implications not only for the Escuela but also for the University and the country.
ANÁLISIS DEL DISEÑO Y FORMULACIÓN DE LOS PROGRAMAS DE CURSOS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL SEDE REGIONAL BRUNCA
Authors: Gamboa Martínez Alexander , Madrigal Villanueva Erick
Published: February 2024

This article aims to reinterpret the most recurrent and signicant postulates in the course programs of the Universidad Nacional Sede Región Brunca. The methodology does not respond to the structure o a degree thesis or nal work o graduation o a degree, rather this article points to dierentiated characteristics, such as: its interpretive character, its didactic and persuasive desire, its ideological foundation, and its literary claims. Starting from an opinion article, a critical rereading o university programs is intended where teachers are urged not to work to ulll programs mechanically and instead propose generative topics focused on prioritizing understanding, independence ofjudgment, criticality, and originality in learners. As it is not a degree thesis, no static results or conclusions are presented, but a plural interpretation of the readers is expected because no one reads the same article, but each reading o it is transormed into a new one depending on the level o readings, vision o the world and culture o each reader
Evolución Histórica de los Estudios del Paisaje Cultural en Cuba: Tendencias y Perspectivas Clasificatorias
Authors: Alvarez Cruz Pedro
Published: February 2024

This article aims to assess the historical evolution of cultural landscape studies in Cuba and their trends and classificatory perspectives. This study used a documentary research methodology supported by diverse procedures, such as compilation and active reading of documentary sources on the subject in question, internal and external analysis of the information obtained and its synthesis, textual processing, and generalization. This revision facilitated the determination of the main tendencies in the geographical study of Cuba's cultural landscape: 1) cultural landscape as anthropogenic landscape and 2) cultural landscape as heritage. It also presents classificatory perspectives for studying cultural landscape in Cuba based on the analysis of the predominant proposals in the national and international scope.
Rodovia BR-319, Brasil: Geopolítica, Transportes e Frentes Pioneiras
Authors: Oliveira-Neto Thiago , Batista Nogueira Ricardo José
Published: February 2024

This paper aims to provide an overview of the BR-319 highway (connecting Manaus and Porto Velho, Brazil) through a geopolitical analysis of transportation and pioneer fronts. The objective is to highlight the State’s role in the Amazon and the process of Brazilian territorial integration. It also points out considerations on cargo and passenger transport activities organized along this corridor and highlights the existence of pioneer fronts with various temporalities. Bibliographic and historical surveys were conducted, involving the examination of newspapers from the decades 1960 to 2000. Additionally, fieldwork was undertaken between 2014 and 2022. Following the completion of the fieldwork, the study identified the organization of transport activities and the development of pioneer fronts in the southern segment of the highway in the district of Realidade, within the municipality of Humaitá-AM.
O Plano Nacional de Fronteiras no Brasil: Um novo processo de militarização?
Authors: Santos Gislene
Published: February 2024

By the end of 20th century, border-related discourses of the space emerged in the international scene. On the one hand, globalization apologists proclaimed a new era characterized by the end of the national states and the porosity of international borders. On the other hand, during the 1980s, surveillance techniques started to be used all along the borders. In Brazil, the geopolitics of borders is also present. Actually, its borders are shared with ten countries and were considered as an area of national strategy, economic interest and public security during the 1990s. In this article, we analyze the “Plano Nacional de Fronteira” (PNF) [National Plan of Borders] implemented by the Bazilian government in 2011 with the installation of a set of technical and surveillance systems all along the border between Brazil and Paraguay. To approach the plan, we will examine the set of devices (rules, discourses, procedures, laws, resources, information systems, and technical objects) installed in this border area.
Development of Cellulose Nanofibre Quality with Mechanical Energy: Effect of Starting Material
Authors:   BioResource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Gunawardhana Thilina , Raj Praveena ,   BioResource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Varanasi Swambabu ,   BioResource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Garnier Gil ,   BioResource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Patti Antonio ,   School of Chemistry, Monash University, Batchelor Warren ,   BioResource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University
Published: February 2024

Energy efficient production of nanocellulose fibres is key to establishing this highly-promoted materials in an industrial scale. In this work, we attempt to explain how the mechanical energy input and the chemical composition of the raw materials affect the quality of nanofibres. Bleached eucalyptus Kraft (BEK) pulp, a commercially availble microfibrillated nanocellulose from cotton, and whitewater fines collected from a radiata pine thermomechanical pulping (TMP) mill were used to produce cellulose nanofibres. BEK was the most responsive to mechanical fibrillation due to low crystallinity and it produced high aspect ratio nanofibres, while TMP whitewater fines were the most difficult to process and resulted in low aspect ratio nanofibres. Nanofibres were then added to TMP newsprint to evaluate the effect on tnesile strength. Nanofibres produced from BEK were able to increase the tensile strength the most, while nanofibres from TMP whitewater fines had the least effect. The results showed that a high aspect ratio and a surface chemical composition favouring more hydrogen bonds i.e. pure cellulose, are the key criteria when selecting nanofibre for strength improvement in paper.
The Effect of Fibrous Materials on the Rheology of Aqueous Foams
Authors:   VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Jäsberg Ari , Selenius Pasi ,   VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Koponen Antti ,   VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd.
Published: February 2024

We studied fully developed pipe flow of fibre-laden aqueous foams and decoupled their bulk rheological properties boundary effects like slippage at the pipe wall. The air volume fraction of the foams varied between 70% and 75%. The addition of hardwood fibres at the consistency 20 g/kg to plain aqueous foam increased viscosity more than 100%, while with microfibrillated cellulose at a consistency of 25 g/kg the increase was about 30%. The effect of synthetic (cellulosic)rayon fibres was negligible at the consistency of 20 g/kg. All the studied foams could be described as shear-thinning power-law fluids with significant slippage at the pipe wall by particles size and interactions between particles and bubbles.
Refining Impulse Controls the Morphological Modifications of Fibers
Authors:   G-INP/Universite de Grenoble Alpes, Roux J.-C. , Bloch J.-F. ,   G-INP/Universite de Grenoble Alpes, Olejnik K. ,   Institute of Papermaking and Printing, Lodz University of Technology
Published: February 2024

Considering the analogy between the pressing of a paper sheet and the refining of a pulp suspension, the refining impulse is introduced. For beaters, disc or conical refiners, whatever the running mode (continuous or batch), the refining impulse is found to be a controlling variable for the pulp properties, and consequently for the paper properties. In a Valley beater, different normal forces were applied. The SR evolution versus the refining impulse exhibits a unique curve whatever the experimental conditions. For disc and conical refiners, the refining impulse depends on the net power, the rotation speed, the bar width, or the average bar angle. A unique parameter is used to fit each set of trials to obtain a single curve of the SR evolution. This parameter corresponds to the global friction coefficient f. he fiber length and the swelling (WRV) depend also on the refining impulse. However, as in pressing theories, the applied pressure has also to be introduced as a complementary parameter. Consequently, the paper properties are shown to depend also on both the refining impulse and the applied pressure.
The Effect of Microfibrillated Cellulose on the Strength and Light Scattering of Highly Filled Papers
Authors:   FiberLean Technologies Ltd., Par Moor Centre, Cornwall, PL 24 2SQ, UK, Phipps J. , Larson T. ,   FiberLean Technologies Ltd., Par Moor Centre, Cornwall, PL 24 2SQ, UK, Ingle D. ,   FiberLean Technologies Ltd., Par Moor Centre, Cornwall, PL 24 2SQ, UK, Eaton H. ,   FiberLean Technologies Ltd., Par Moor Centre, Cornwall, PL 24 2SQ, UK
Published: February 2024

There has been much recent interest in the use of microfibrillated and nanofibrillated cellulose as additives to improve the mechanical properties of paper. Most of the original methods used to make these materials are to costly for this purpose, but now purely mechanical processed are becoming available which have been made it a more practical possibility. The tensile strength of unfilled paper and its relation to light scattering have been the subject of extensive theoretical and experimental research a, and the effect of addition of fibrillated cellulose have been considered by several authors in the light of this work. However, much less theoretical work have been dedicated to the properties of papers with high filler contents. In the FiberLean process, fibres are mixed with filler and found together until fibres are converted into microfibrillated cellulose, a few percent of which can be added to paper to increase its strength and allow a substantially higher filler content. We build on the work of Bown to develop a model for the effect of filler on paper tensile strength and light scattering, and use this to investigate mechanism by which mfc improves these in highly filled paper. We further demonstrate some of the advantages of its use over the conventional refining approach. There include process flexibility and some specific paper properties such as increased elasticity and higher resistance to tearing.
Experimental Study of Filtration of Fiber Suspensions: Part I: Time-resolved Measurements of the Formation of a Fiber Network
Authors:   Linne Flow Centre, KTH Mechanics, Stockholm, Sweden, Bellani G. , Lundell Fredrik ,   Linne Flow Centre, KTH Mechanics, Stockholm, Sweden, Söderberg L. Daniel ,   Innventia AB, Stockholm, Sweden
Published: February 2024

We present a new laboratory apparatus designed to study the filtration of a fiber suspension in a parameter range close to that of the real papermaking process. An experimental procedure that combines index-of-refraction matching, high-speed imaging, and article Image Velocimetry (PIV) is used to measure glow and particles dynamics. In particular we presents results for: flow above a mesh similar to that used for paper forming; flow above and in the forming fiber network; evolution of the structure of the fiber network itself. Experiments are performed varying filtration velocity and fiber length. The results show that flow perturbations in the proximity of the mesh and the forming network are confined in a thin region and the height of this region are likely to scale with the pore size. Snapshot reveal qualitative difference between the networks formed by fibers of different lengths.
Chemical Modification of Pulp Fibres for the Production of Thermoformable Paper
Authors:   Papiertechnische Stiftung, Zahel Martin , Möckel Stefan ,   Papiertechnische Stiftung, Arndt Tiemo ,   Papiertechnische Stiftung
Published: February 2024

Enhancing the usability of paper based materials in forming processes is one major objective to pave the way for a sustainable and bio-based economy. Therefore, modifications of either the forming process or the paper material will provide future opportunities. The present study focuses on the concept of chemical pulp fibre modification as a factor influencing the formability of paper materials made thereof.Specifically, covalent attachment of ester moieties with different chain lengths onto cellulose onto fibres, a surface polymer grafting and a two-step glycol cleavage-reduction approach were characterised regarding their chemical composition and thermomechanical properties. To evaluate their formability, a temperature controlled tensile test was used.
The Acceptance of The Orang Asli Community's Movement Preachers Towards the Construct of Self-Preparation in Dakwah
Authors: Don Abdul Ghafar , Puteh Anuar , Ghani Mohamad Zulkifli Abdul , Kawangit Razaleigh Muhamat@ , Aini Zulkefli
Published: February 2024

The community mobilizers for the Orang Asli community are preachers who carry out the missionary work of the Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM) in Orang Asli villages. However, do they have sufficient preparation in carrying out the missionary task towards the Indigenous People in the hinterland? This article attempts to analyse the acceptance of Indigenous Community Mobilizers towards items within the construct of self-preparation in preaching. This study is a quantitative research using a survey research design. A total of 140 respondents were selected as the study sample involving all Indigenous Community Mobilizers in Malaysia who have served for more than 5 years. A total of 10 items within the construct of self-preparation were asked to the Indigenous Community Mobilizers. The research data were analysed using SPSS software based on frequency, percentage, and mean. The study results indicate that all 10 items within the construct of self-preparation received approval from the Indigenous Community Mobilizers with a minimum average score of 4.51, indicating a very good level. The implication of the study is that preachers require sufficient self-preparation to carry out preaching duties in the field.
Cryogenic treatment of bladder tumors in canines: Transitional cell carcinoma and fibrosarcoma
Authors: Raul Lagarde Roque
Published: February 2024

Bladder tumors in dogs are rare, accounting for 1-2% of all cases. Most of these tumors are malignant and of epithelial origin. This study examines various surgical approaches for the complete resection of transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder, showing a recurrence rate of 60%. Surgery may be used as an emergency therapy to relieve partial or complete ureteral obstruction, but owners should be informed that it is only palliative and associated with a high likelihood of early metastasis. Cryosurgery is a local method that relies on the tissue-destructive effects of extremely low temperatures. While intrabdominal cryosurgery is common in human medicine, it is not widespread in veterinary practice. This study presents three canine oncology cases treated through conventional laparotomy and cystotomy, employing similar cryosurgical techniques. Treatments included: i) primary transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) with previous tumor freezing, cytoreduction by debulking, and base cryoablation; ii) primary TCC with cryoablation only; and iii) poorly differentiated fibrosarcoma (STBs) with tumor excision and base cryoablation. Cold diffusion was controlled through visual observation of the 0°C isotherm and simultaneous tactile palpation. Cryoablation was performed using liquid nitrogen with a portable CRY-AC 700 Brymill device, while radiofrequency ablation was carried out with an Ellman Surgitron device. Treatment was ambulatory, well-tolerated, and resulted in rapid resolution of clinical signs.
Impact of a dedicated malignant pleural effusion clinic on the management of malignant pleural effusion
Authors: El-Safty Rasha , Deb Saswata , Uddin Sameena , Jones Donald , Mohamed Adam , Behzadi Abdollah
Published: February 2024

Background: Malignant pleural effusions (MPE) are common complications of advanced malignancy. The treatment of MPE is generally focused on palliation of respiratory symptoms. The main drawback of the traditional method of pleurodesis is the requirement for hospitalization. Objectives: To examine the safety, efficacy and economy of management of a dedicated MPE clinic. Methods and analysis: A retrospective cohort study was designed to compare complication rates, pleural effusion control, length of hospital stay, type of interventions, estimated hospital days saved between two three-year non-contemporary periods – before the implementation of MPE clinic and after. Results: Pre MPE clinic and MPE clinic group comprised of 115 and 161 patients respectively. The number of hospital admissions was lower in the MPE clinic period (42.4% vs 73.9%; p<0.0001) and the pleural effusion control was higher in the same group (65.2% versus 51.3%; p=0.02). The estimated hospital days saved was 1001 days over 3 years. Conclusion: A dedicated malignant pleural effusion (MPE) clinic is a strategy of malignant effusion management that reduces hospital admission days and, will allow patients to spend more time outside hospital, reduce costs and save healthcare resources. Outpatient MPE clinic is of particular importance in the setting of the health care system and the overcrowded hospitals. The ability to avoid a one week hospitalization for a palliative intervention and replace it with a simple and effective outpatient procedure should appeal to patients and administrators alike.
lado obscuro da internet
Authors: Silva Santos Isabella , Pimentel Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura acerca do comportamento antissocial online e, também, categorizar esses comportamentos e observar aspectos psicossociais relacionados. Para tanto, foi utilizada uma síntese qualitativa, incluindo estudos quantitativos publicados entre 2016-2020 nas bases de dados Scopus, PsycInfo, Pepsic e Scielo. Vinte e cinco estudos se adequaram às análises. Os resultados demonstraram a existência de quatro categorias de comportamento antissocial online: cyberbullying, trollagem, comportamento antissocial sexual, e cyberstalking. A tétrade sombria (narcisismo, psicopatia, Maquiavelismo e sadismo) mostrou-se o preditor mais consistente dessas categorias nos estudos. O estudo alcançou os objetivos propostos, preenchendo duas lacunas: a inexistência de categorização do comportamento antissocial online e a escassez de estudos brasileiros sobre o tema.
Electronic media use during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sant'Anna da Silva Natália , Branco Campos Lívia , Monzani da Rocha Marina , Triguero Veloz Teixeira Maria Cristina , Rodrigues Carreiro Luiz Renato
Published: February 2024

During COVID-19 pandemic an increase electronic media (e-media) usage time was reported correlated to behavioral problems. This study verified the associations between e-media and behavioral/emotional problems in children in the context of the pandemic. Sample: Parents of 277 children aged 7-11 years old. Instruments: socioeconomic questionnaire; MAF-P and CBCL/6-18. Spearman's correlation analyses showed positive associations between the MAF-P and CBCL/6-18 scales. Adult games were correlated with 12 scales; websites for information/entertainment were associated with 6 scales, gambling online with one scale; electronic games and watching YouTube videos were associated with all 17 scales. In conclusion, overall, the results indicate the need of supervising children’s e-media access considering the number and frequency of use and the elevated number of emotional and behavioral problems found among the evaluated group.
Concordancia de los contrarios re-visitados: Salvaguarda en diatopías-ecosofías
Authors: Rodriguez Milagros Elena
Published: February 2024

En las líneas de investigación: Transmetodologías complejas y los transmétodos decoloniales planetarios-complejos, educación decolonial planetaria - transepistemologías complejas, y decolonialidad planetaria-complejidad en re-ligaje, como objetivo complejo de investigación se re-visitan las concepciones de los contrarios, su concordancia y su salvaguarda en diatopías-ecosofías en la decolonialidad planetaria- complejidad; hacemos énfasis en las bonanzas de la ecosofía y diatopia en dicho estudio, pues el transmétodo es la hermenéutica comprensiva, ecosófica y diatópica, recorriendo los momentos analíticos, empíricos y propositivos. En el momento propositivo re-visitamos la concordancia de los contrarios para respetar la naturaleza de la vida; pero con ello evidenciamos como se ha venido construyendo las diatopías en la teoría de la complejidad. Evidenciamos bajo que hallazgos Edgar Morín sintetiza su teoría; y los autores como Raimón Panikkar, Blaise Pascal; entre otros como El Oscuro Heráclito quien tiene contribuciones excepcionales en la obra Moríniana. Los contrarios re-visitados redefinen los topoi.
A hazai genetikai talajosztályozás megújításának szükségessége - 1.
Authors: Novák Tibor József , Tóth Tibor , Makó András , Kocsis Mihály , Bakacsi Zsófia , Bidló András , Bartha Károly , Czigány Szabolcs , Tóth Gergely , Horváth Adrienn , Hernádi Hilda
Published: February 2024

A tanulmány a magyar genetikai osztályozás sok szempontból kritizált rendszerének következetlenségeit, illetve ellentmondásait elemzi azzal a szándékkal, hogy a rendszer fő jellemzőinek: a talajtaxonok elnevezésének és tartalmának megőrzése mellett szakmai párbeszédet indítson a hibák kijavításának lehetőségéről és a rendszer megújításáról.

Rámutattunk a nevében és koncepciójában genetikus, szerkezetében hierarchikus osztályozási rendszer hibrid jellegére: arra, hogy a fő genetikus szempont csak a főtípusok aggregációs szintjén érvényesül maradéktalanul, míg a típusoknál már mintegy egyharmad arányban diagnosztikus szempontok jelentik az elkülönítés alapját. Alsóbb hierarchiaszinteken (altípus, változat) pedig csaknem tisztán diagnosztikus az osztályozás. Listába rendeztük azokat a problémás típus, altípus és változati elnevezéseket, amelyek több hierarchiaszinten azonos névvel, és esetleg eltérő tartalommal fordulnak elő, illetve azonos hierarchiaszinten, de eltérő definíciókkal szerepelnek, vagy éppen szinonímnak tekinthetők, az eltérő elnevezés mögött rejlő azonos tartalom miatt. A vitacikk szándéka, hogy a kiszűrt hibák, következetlenségek széleskörű szakmai egyeztetést követően javításra kerüljenek.
Hate speech and environmental activist discourse
Authors: Niceforo Marina
Published: February 2024

On 14 October 2022, two activists from the environmental group Just Stop Oil threw a can of tomato soup at Van Gogh's famous Sunflowers at the National Gallery in London, gluing themselves to the wall beneath the painting. The action, covered in a tweet by the organisation, received a backlash of negative comments by social media users. The present paper focuses on hate speech in response to the controversial tweet by Just Stop Oil in a dataset of about 2700 user comments. Moving from critical discourse studies of hate speech in digital contexts, the manual and software-assisted qualitative analysis employs the appraisal framework and discourse-historical strategies to observe the discursive construction of hate themes against environmental activism. In line with ecolinguistics, findings suggest that, when something valued as extremely positive and important such as art is under attack, people may fail to recognise the motivations behind activist action, appraising it negatively through hate speech, and even distancing themselves from environmental values.
Study of the blood flow structure in personalized models of graft branch from the femoral artery
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Yukhnev Andrey , Marinova Alexander , Smirnov Evgueni , Gataulin Yakov , Tikhomolova Ludmila , Vrabiy Andrey ,   Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Suprunovich Andrey
Published: February 2024

The paper presents the methodology and results of calculating the pulsating flow of blood-mimicking fluid in three personalized models of proximal anastomosis of the femo-ral artery after femoral popliteal bypass surgery performed using synthetic grafts. Per-sonalized models were built based on computed tomography data and ultrasound meas-urements of blood flow velocity in the common femoral artery and in the graft. The char-acteristics of the pulsating flow of blood-mimicking fluid were calculated by numerically solving the three-dimensional unsteady Navier-Stokes equations. Comparison of the calculated velocity field obtained for one of the personalized models with clinical meas-urement data using ultrasonic high-speed vector imaging (applying the V Flow technol-ogy implemented in the Mindray scanner) showed satisfactory agreement of the results. A comparative analysis of the flow structure in two personalized models built for the sec-ond patient one and seven months after surgery is given. It was established that the nar-rowing of the flow sections of the vascular bed, detected after seven months, due to the growth of neointima in the common femoral artery (immediately before the anastomosis) and in the initial section of the graft, led to a significant increase in gradients of the ve-locity field and the time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) in the area of the anastomo-sis; at the same time, the value of the oscillatory shear index (OSI) on the wall throughout the entire anastomosis area decreased. It was also revealed that at a distance of several calibers from the anastomosis, a single-vortex, weakly swirling flow is formed in the graft, the direction of swirl in which is determined by the individual geometry of the anastomo-sis area.
Investigation of the relationship between plantar pressure and calf muscle tone. development and testing of the new test bench
Authors:   Saratov State University, Gulyaeva Alyona , Falkovich Alexandr , Kireev Sergey , Terin Denis , Magomedov Ilya
Published: February 2024

Plantar pressure is the most important biomechanical parameter for evaluating and modeling postoperative treatment conditions for patients with deformity of the first ray of the foot. Modern foot surgery involves early activation of the patient after surgery. The universality and reliability of this approach after surgical correction of valgus deformity of the first toe is questionable. In this regard, studies are being conducted to determine the quantitative parameters of plantar pressure under normal conditions and with the use of postoperative footwear used to reduce it in the forefoot. The relationship between calf muscle tone and plantar pressure in the forefoot has been established. There have been no studies determining the influence of calf muscle tone on the effectiveness of unloading the forefoot using postoperative footwear. The plantar pressure has been studied experimentally, including the influence of the calf muscle tone. An experimental stand was developed and tested: it was used to study the distribution of pressure under the foot in 26 healthy individuals in the standing position on a platform and in postoperative shoes. Quantitative assessment of the tone of the calf muscle in the same subjects was carried out. The plantar pressure in subjects wearing postoperative shoes and the amplitude of dorsal flexion of the ankle joint with the knee joint straightened and flexed at 90 degrees were compared. The mean load reduction in postoperative shoes was 57 %, median 60 %. Measurement of calf muscle tone (extensibility) can be used to predict whether forefoot loading will be reduced with the use of special shoes. The dorsiflexion angle of the foot should be used as a criterion: if it is greater than 10 degrees, there is a high probability that forefoot loading will be reduced. For dorsiflexion measured at the straightened knee joint, the probability of predicting the effectiveness of postoperative footwear is 79 %. A similar probability when using the amplitude of dorsiflexion of the foot measured with the knee joint flexed at 90 degrees as a prediction criterion was 66 %.
Micro forming studies of SS316L as biomedical application material
Authors:   Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Bogar Mohit , Kulkarni Omkar , Kakandikar Ganesh
Published: February 2024

The process of shaping flat sheets of metal into necessary shapes without any flaws is known as sheet metal making. Nowadays, there is a growing demand for micro goods and microdevices due to the popularity of miniaturization across many industries. The manufacturing method known as micro forming creates tiny components for various en-gineering uses. Micro-forming can be found in a variety of fields, including automotive, biomedical, and aerospace engineering. Whenever the sheet material’s thickness corre-sponds to ingrained length distribution of the material being used during the micro-forming process, the deformation behavior is different from what is anticipated for the macroscopic sheet material. A material's ability to be formed is one of the crucial pro-cesses, and one of the crucial parameters for determining a material's formability is its forming limit curve or as forming limit diagram. The purpose of this study is plotting Forming Limit Curve for specific biomaterial using numerical simulation and experimenta-tion. For the purpose of determining the forming limit curves, a controlled experiment of thin SS316L sheet of 60 µm thickness with different angles in relation to rolling directions (0°, 45°, 90°) is conducted in the present research. In accordance to ASTM-2218-14 standard test, Nakajima test for micro-forming is done using a specimen of uniaxial, uni-axial intermediate, plane, biaxial intermediate and biaxial strain paths to measure limiting strains. The limit diagram for SS316L is formed using the numerical software Simufact Forming V15, and the findings are then compared with the Nakajima test. The compari-sons between the experimental method with the numerical simulations show good ac-cordance. It was shown that FLC produced by numerical simulation are designed to be 5 % to 12 % less than experimental work and are safe. To examine the physics of the sheet, micro structural studies are also carried out on the test object both prior to and after form-ing. The microstructural study explains the characteristics of the sheet.