bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PONTOS DE ENTREGA VOLUNTÁRIA: UMA ESTRATÉGIA DE IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: CORRÊA A.G , COSTA M.M , ANDRADE J , DOS SANTOS L.A , LUIZ M.O , LEMÕES J.S , MANETTI A.G.S , SILVA C.L , ROMANI R.F
Published: August 2024

A gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) ainda é uma problemática vivida em diversas cidades do Brasil, sendo um desafio aos gestores políticas públicas eficazes. Em Pelotas-RS, a prefeitura vem desenvolvendo um programa de coleta seletiva composto por diferentes projetos e ações que visam atender os objetivos da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, dentre eles os Ecopontos. Com isso, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o gerenciamento dos pontos de entrega voluntárias de Pelotas, através do diagnóstico do Ecoponto Centro e empregar uma ferramenta de análise, a matriz SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Oppotunities e Threats), para avaliar a percepção dos responsáveis e com isto, subsidiar a tomada de decisão desta ação de política pública implementada no município. O diagnóstico do Ecoponto Centro ocorreu a partir de pesquisa documental e pesquisa de campo. A partir desses resultados, foram construídos quadros comparativos e aplicada a técnica da matriz de SWOT como ferramenta para a análise do gerenciamento empregado nos Ecopontos de Pelotas. O Ecoponto Centro foi inaugurado em 2015 e desde então é uma opção, para os munícipes, de descarte de resíduos de jardinagem, móveis desmontados, restos de obras e recicláveis. No Ecoponto há funcionários que auxiliam o usuário com o descarte correto. Após, o resíduo é destinado corretamente de acordo com a classificação, sendo esta etapa do gerenciamento de responsabilidade do poder público municipal. A análise da matriz SWOT apontou que um dos maiores benefícios dos ecopontos é a retirada de entulhos da rua, o que significa uma força, evidenciando a importância ambiental desses locais no município. Já em relação a fraquezas e oportunidades, a educação ambiental foi mencionada. Diante do exposto, os resultados do estudo reiteraram a importância desta política pública a nível de municípios, como alternativa ao gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos. Conclui-se também, que a matriz SWOT é uma eficiente ferramenta de análise do gerenciamento dos ecopontos, considerada um importante e efetivo instrumento para o planejamento e tomada de decisões de políticas públicas municipais.
IMPACTOS DA ENGENHARIA ORGANIZACIONAL: ABORDAGEM EXPLORATÓRIA
Authors: Carvalho Eduarda Regina
Published: August 2024

Considerada como um conjunto de conhecimentos associados à busca por estratégias e pelo desenvolvimento inteligente das organizações, a Engenharia Organizacional tem se mostrado como uma ferramenta de extrema importância, que impacta de forma significativa o desempenho das organizações, contribuindo para que estas apresentem uma adequação de sua estrutura funcional, associada às suas necessidades, sejam elas operacionais, administrativas bem como gerenciais. A Engenharia Organizacional se constitui, portanto, no instrumento que viabiliza a realização de tarefas, cuja função primordial está elencada na modernização organizacional. Diante dos desafios enfrentados diariamente pelas organizações, trabalhar a Engenharia Organizacional remete a uma questão de sobrevivência da organização, impactando pessoas, processos, infraestrutura e estrutura organizacional. De fato, se ela não o faz (a organização), implicará na obsolescência ameaçatória, principalmente em um mundo altamente conectado como o atual. A empresa, sabendo lidar com os vários processos de gestão dentro da organização, se coloca em um patamar elevado nos diversos processos decisórios, na adaptabilidade associada às mudanças no ambiente externo e interno, o que implica certamente em maior eficiência, eficácia e competitividade. Não mexer em time que se está ganhando, não pode ser considerado como justificativa para a inação, ainda mais quando se busca a competitividade e a inovação. Através de uma abordagem exploratória sobre o tema, foi possível elencar e pontuar vários fatores e influências, positivos ou não, que afetam as organizações, associados aos sistemas de gestão e seus efeitos, vinculados às subáreas da Engenharia Organizacional, objetivando a modernização. De maneira concreta, esta modernização da organização, acarreta em mudanças e desafios, gerando os mais diversos impactos que necessitam ser conhecidos, acompanhados e avaliados, sejam assertivos ou não, sob pena de deflagrar a organização ao fracasso, cuja não observância dos resultados atingidos, minam a competitividade e o desempenho futuro da mesma, comprometendo sua permanência no mercado.
EVOLUÇÃO DA ÁREA DE PASTAGEM E SUA RELAÇÃO COM O CLIMA NAS MESORREGIÕES DO ACRE (1985-2019)
Authors: Ribeiro de Faria Ana Luísa , Rodrigues de Sousa Bruna , Márquez Arévalo Santiago Maria , Coll Delgado Rafael
Published: August 2024

As mesorregiões do Vale do Acre e Vale do Juruá, no estado do Acre, localizadas no Oeste Amazônico Brasileiro, vêm passando por mudanças significativas no uso da terra, com aumento do desmatamento devido à expansão da agricultura de milho, soja e cultivos perenes, além de atividades extrativistas na região, que ameaçam a biodiversidade e os estoques de carbono no solo, contribuindo para o aumento das mudanças climáticas. Com o objetivo de entender as mudanças nos padrões climáticos locais e sua relação com as mudanças no uso do solo, foram analisados: dados de precipitação pluviométrica, temperatura do ar, focos de calor, a área e uso da pastagem. Como resultados, foi evidenciado um aumento nas temperaturas médias do ar ao longo dos anos, com variações sazonais e influências de eventos climáticos do El Niño-Oscilação Sul (ENOS). A região do Vale do Acre apresentou maior variabilidade na precipitação pluviométrica em comparação com o Vale do Juruá. Os focos de calor mostraram diferenças marcantes entre as duas regiões analisadas. A área de pastagem aumentou significativamente ao longo do tempo, principalmente no Vale do Acre, refletindo o aumento do desmatamento e a expansão agrícola na região, com modificações do clima e da biodiversidade, impactando nas comunidades locais e disponibilidade de recursos naturais.
NOTAS BREVES SOBRE A ARTE ESCULTÓRICA ZOOMÓRFICA EM MADEIRA DO POVO GUARANI MBYA
Authors: PAULINO F. A. , NUNES O. J. , MELO-JUNIOR J.C.F.
Published: August 2024

Os povos indígenas e sua cosmologia ancestral têm estado presentes desde tempos imemoriais no planeta. No Brasil, dos 305 povos indígenas, destaca-se a etnia Guarani Mbya, que, enraizada em sua visão ancestral de mundo, valora todos os seres, não considerando a natureza como um patrimônio a ser enclausurado, mais, sim um sujeito de direitos, desse amálgama fusão histórico-cultural, originam-se a identidade e memória desse povo, que colabora para um novo paradigma sobre as relações simbólicas entre a floresta e o homem, através da substituição da ideia de cultura singular eurocêntrica. Por meio de revisão de literatura, o presente artigo objetiva, pelo viés do saber-fazer da arte escultórica zoomórfica em madeira, traçar breves notas sobre possíveis movimentos de aproximação cultural entre o povo Guarani Mbya e os não indígenas, capazes de ressignificar a vida do homem no planeta.
Diagnosis of different degree of blockage levels in the Centrifugal Pump Employing Vibration, Pressure and Current Data through Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Gautam Shivam , Tiwari Rajiv , Bordoloi D J
Published: August 2024

The appearance of flow instabilities like the blockage severity, impeller cut flaws, pitted cover plate flaws can cause to diminish the efficiency of centrifugal pump (CP), and may result in excessive vibration and noise, and their failure may lead to the system imploding. To bridge the gap of downfall in the efficiency of CP, it is crucial that a system can be created to monitor the condition of the CP and must be maintained. The present work proposes at identifying and determining the severity of various blockage levels in the inlet pipe with three different kinds of pumps using three distinct sensors. One pump works faultlessly (healthy pump), another has cuts artificially made on the impeller blade, and the third has pits artificially created on the cover plate. The inlet pipe blockage mimics pump blockage which is made more severe step by step. As the blockage gets worse and the flow slows down, recirculation starts, causing vapor bubbles to form. Utilizing a mechanical modulating valve, the inlet flow area of the pipe is partitioned into six intervals (0%, 16.7%, 33.3%, 50%, 66.6%, and 83.33%) to replicate pump blockage. This obstruction directly influences vibrations, current line signals, and fluid dynamic pressure. To gather data across a spectrum of blockage levels and operational frequencies (30 Hz, 35 Hz, 40 Hz, 45 Hz, 50 Hz, 55 Hz, and 60 Hz), a combination of a pressure transducer, accelerometer, and current probes were strategically employed in this investigation. Multiple sets of statistical features were extracted from the data, and through various algorithms, the most effective combined statistical feature set was determined. In this domain, the combination of standard deviation, mean, and entropy demonstrates superior performance compared to other features. This feature set was input into an ANN model, which is developed by optimizing parameters like hidden layer count, neurons, epochs and then the results of this investigation are then compared with existing literature. It has been noted that employing combinations of multiple sets of statistical features significantly improves the accuracy in identifying obstruction levels, often achieving near-perfect accuracy for various feature sets (nearly 100% across various combinations). In comparison to other SOTA methods, this approach achieves higher accuracy, ranging from 2.41% to 15.69% across different metrics. This study presents a method to classify inlet pipe blockages into various levels, enhancing maintenance prioritization and reducing downtime and repair costs, ensuring long-term equipment health and operational efficiency. The fault prediction methodology proves highly robust across various CP operating conditions.
 
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Dificuldades encontradas na adesão ao tratamento com anti- hipertensivos em idosos
Authors: Pereira Eduardo , Mendonça Larissa Aguiar de
Published: August 2024

Introdução: O envelhecimento é uma fase da vida que demanda cuidados especiais por parte dos profissionais de saúde, pois cada idoso possui necessidades únicas. Em idosos com hipertensão os desafios no controle da pressão arterial podem acarretar sérios problemas de saúde se não for tratado. Objetivo: Descrever os cuidados farmacêuticos no acompanhamento farmacoterápico de pacientes idosos hipertensos com dificuldades de adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso. Método: Estudo de revisão bibliográfica, qualitativo e exploratório. Com o levantamento e coleta de dados partindo de artigos, teses, monografias e livros nas bases de dados Scielo (Scientific Eletronic Library On Line) e BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde), partindo da busca pelos descritores: “anti-hipertensivos”; “idosos hipertensivos”; “farmacoterapia”; “farmacêuticos”; publicados em português e inglês, com recorte temporal entre os anos de 2019 a 2024. Resultados: Notou-se que as publicações existentes quanto os cuidados farmacêuticos direcionados aos pacientes idosos hipertensos com dificuldades de adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso, possibilitam aos profissionais de apoio multidisciplinar, inclusive da farmácia, o desenvolvimento de estratégias que visem facilitar a adesão farmacológica, através de uma compreensão humanizada sobre os fatores que colaboram nas dificuldades da permanência e continuidade medicamentosa. Conclusões: Constatou-se que uma variedade de estudos científicos apontam para diversos fatores que contribuem a permanência da hipertensão arterial, como o estilo de vida inadequado, da falta de atividades físicas e da recusa em seguir os tratamentos medicamentosos por parte das pessoas de terceira idade. Logo, à orientação profissional farmacêutica para conduzir aos benefícios positivos dos medicamentos destinados ao tratamento da hipertensão.
Contributing Risk Factors to Pneumonia in Children Under Five Years in Madhesh Province of Nepal
Authors: Raj Paudel Deepak , Kumar Gupta Dipak , Hari Chapagain Ram , Kumar Shrestha Anil
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Pneumonia is the significant cause of morbidity and mortality in under five year children worldwide. In Nepal, pneumonia is the second most common cause of childhood mortality. Exclusive breastfeeding and basic immunization in preventing pneumonia cannot be underestimated. This study aims to assess the contributing risk factors associated with childhood pneumonia among children aged 16 months to under-5 year.  Methods: A case-control study was conducted from January to July 2022 including children under 5 years visiting the pediatric out-patient department of JMCTH. A total of 200 subjects aged 16–59 months were enrolled, in which ‘cases’ included 100 patients diagnosed with pneumonia and ‘controls’ included 100 patients with non-pneumonia illnesses, matched by age and setting. The WHO guideline was followed for the diagnosis of pneumonia. The data on contributing risk factors were collected from both cases and controls via interview method from their parents.  Results: The study showed non-exclusive breastfeeding [odds ratio (OR) =7.82 in 95% confidence interval (CI)], indoor air pollution [OR=7.47 in 95% CI], incomplete basic immunization [OR= 4.44 in 95% CI], low birth weight [OR=3.11 in 95% CI] and severe acute malnutrition i.e. high degree of wasting [OR=2.70 in 95% CI] were the major contributing factors of pneumonia in children under age five in the Madhesh Province of Nepal. However, nutritional status (height-for-age z score), age, sex, and educational status of mother did not appear to be contributing risk factors for pneumonia.  Conclusion: This study highlights non-exclusive breastfeeding, indoor air pollution, incomplete basic immunizations, low birth weight, and severe acute malnutrition significantly increase the risk of childhood pneumonia. Exclusive breastfeeding plays a vital role, while gender seems to influence the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and pneumonia incidence.
Improved Integrated Model for Data Storage in the Cloud
Authors: Izundu Chimezie Henry , Ozohu Musa Martha , Egbono F.
Published: August 2024

The software model showcases the effective movement of files across storage units in a cloud environment. It includes features such as user identification, registration, and file upload capabilities. The experimental findings demonstrate an efficient procedure that has been confirmed through user interfaces for logging in, registering, and uploading files. The admin dashboard streamlines user administration and file transfer processes, utilising a time-efficient data migration technique. Comparative analysis reveals a substantial enhancement in data migration throughput, as the suggested method reduces migration time by an average of 50% in comparison to existing systems. The results validate the system's improved efficiency in managing file transfers and user administration in a cloud-based environment.
Introducing the “Human Trusteeship of the Planet” Concept: A Crucial Advancement in General and Environmental Anthropology
Authors: Rao Mandavilli Sujay
Published: August 2024

We begin this paper by understanding the history of mankind in relation to the environment. In order to accomplish this, we delve into the history of the Neolithic revolution and the much later emergence of the world’s earliest civilizations. We also review the industrial revolution and assess the impact they may have had on the environment. We then provide a high level overview and a brief history of the field and the discipline of anthropology, environmental anthropology included, both in its early days, and in more contemporary times. We consequently also overview the components of earth studies including geology, hydrology, and ecology, and provide and a history of environmental studies as well by interfacing this with environmental anthropology in turn. Definitions of terms such as the biosphere, the lithosphere, hydrosphere and the atmosphere are also provided. This paper is also then interfaced with developmental studies and developmental economics including developmental anthropology and anthropology in development so that a clear amalgam of the two can be brought about. The current state of the environmental movement is assessed, and a review of the current state of technology is also accomplished along with a study of indirect factors such as population management. All these assessments then invariably and inevitably lead us to the key components and principles of the “Human trusteeship of the planet” concept which we believe will heal many wounds, and make the world a better place for all of us to live in.
Glasses Detection from Human Face Images
Authors: Lochab Kajal , Pathak Lakshin
Published: August 2024

This study uses the MobileNet architecture to provide a novel approach for identifying glasses in photos of people’s faces. The goal of this effort is to correctly identify glasses in face photographs for a variety of uses, including virtual try-on apps, driver monitoring systems, and facial recognition systems. Our study offers a powerful transfer learning-based glasses identification model utilizing the MobileNet architecture. We analyze the issue formulation in detail, taking into account the evaluation metrics, optimization objectives, and mathematical framework. The data, intelligence, and application layers in our suggested architecture are tailored for effective glasses detection. By means of comprehensive testing and analysis, we exhibit the efficacy of our methodology in precisely identifying spectacles in photographs of human faces. The outcomes and conversations demonstrate how well our approach performs in various circumstances and assessment parameters. This study offers insightful information for creating efficient glasses detection algorithms that may be used in a variety of real-world contexts.
Neuroendocrine Tumor-II as a Primary in the Central Nervous System
Authors: Sharma Hardik , Bhatia Shrutikant , Rawal Kushal , Thakur Vandana
Published: August 2024

Malignancies known as neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) have sporadic instances of developing central nervous system. It was discovered that a 36-year- old lady had a primary Neuroendocrine tumor of the brain who presented with headache, vomiting, and hearing difficulty from the left ear and was diagnosed with a left cerebellopontine angle solid mass. After subtotal excision, histology revealed a Neuroendocrine tumor-II. Adjuvant radiation was administered following a thorough search for an extracranial main tumour, which included the use of Ga-68 DOTANOC- PET-CT. This led to the identification of a primary central nervous system Neuroendocrine tumor. The patient was free of metastatic or recurrent disease at 9 months of follow-up.
Service Quality that Affects Intention Using a Hotel in Bangkok
Authors: Trongthieng Wattana , Kositkanin Thananwarin , Boonchouy Nicknipar , Uthasri Jutharat
Published: August 2024

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the level of opinions towards the service quality of hotels in Bangkok, 2) to study the level of service intent of hotel guests in Bangkok, 3) to study the personal factors of different tourists affecting the quality of service; and 4) to study the guest's service intention affecting the service quality of hotels in Bangkok. This research is quantitative research. Population is people who use the service in the hotel and who used to use the hotel service in Bangkok and are aged 20 years and over and have used the service at least 1 time. The exact population is unknown. Cochran's formula reference sample was calculated for 400 subjects by random random sampling. The questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting data. Statistics used in the analysis were frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation. and correlation coefficient. Major findings: 1) Overall quality of hotel service in Bangkok at a high level in all aspects, the first being on giving confidence to customers followed by caring and tangible aspects of service, reliability, 2) most of the overall opinions were at the high level. will recommend a friend and family to use this hotel first Followed by an introduction about the services here, given to people you know will choose to use the service here despite a slight increase in room rates as for the item that the opinion is in the middle level is Willing to notify relevant people immediately when there is dissatisfaction with the service in order to provide information for the hotel to improve the service accordingly, 3) personal factors of tourists with different levels of education, occupation and income. affecting the service quality of hotels in Bangkok is no different but the personal factors of the tourists who have sex and different ages affect the service quality of hotels in Bangkok; and 4) the guest's service intention was related to the service quality of hotels in Bangkok.
PRESENCE OF LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA IN TAP WATER AND ITS IMPORTANCE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH
Authors: Çakmak Ömer , Aldemir Tuba , Ergene Erdi , Acaröz Ulaş , Arslan-acaroz Damla , Taş Nuri
Published: August 2024

Legionella pneumophila is one of the Legionella species that has been implicated in outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease in many countries, particularly in the United States of America (USA), which is caused by tap water, resulting in severe pneumonia and a mortality rate of 7 to 10%. The majority of outbreaks were linked to buildings with plumbing systems (healthcare facilities, hospitals, large buildings, etc.) and specially designed water systems (cooling towers, fountains, showers, etc.), which are optimal sources for the growth of Legionella spp. Infections caused by L. pneumophila are more likely to be caused by hot water in showers, while L. anisa appears to be more likely to cause infections from cold water in taps. Aging municipal water infrastructure, main line outages and leaks in the system are cited as reasons for the transmission of microorganisms, which are difficult to remove from plumbing systems. In addition, climatic changes such as temperature and precipitation are other factors that contribute to the spread of Legionella spp. in water systems and expose more people to the pathogen. In 2023, the outbreak of L. pneumophila in Poland, which resulted in the death of 14 people, brought the importance of Legionnaires' disease back to the agenda. In this review; the epidemiology, transmission routes and detection methods of L. pneumophila, the most important agent of the disease, were revealed in order to prevent and control Legionnaires' disease outbreaks by searching the current literature. Also included is the treatment of Legionnaires' disease.
The TESS-Keck Survey. XXII. A Sub-Neptune Orbiting TOI-1437
Authors: Pidhorodetska Daria , Gilbert Emily A. , Kane Stephen R. , Barclay Thomas , Polanski Alex S. , Hill Michelle L. , Stassun Keivan G. , Giacalone Steven , Ciardi David R. , Boyle Andrew W. , Howell Steve B. , Lillo-Box Jorge , MacDougall Mason G. , Fetherolf Tara , Batalha Natalie M. , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Dressing Courtney , Fulton Benjamin , Howard Andrew W. , Huber Daniel , Isaacson Howard , Petigura Erik A. , Robertson Paul , Weiss Lauren M. , Angelo Isabel , Beard Corey , Behmard Aida , Blunt Sarah , Brinkman Casey L. , Chontos Ashley , Dai Fei , Dalba Paul A. , Holcomb Rae , Lubin Jack , Mayo Andrew W. , Murphy Joseph M. Akana , Rice Malena , Rubenzahl Ryan , Scarsdale Nicholas , Turtelboom Emma V. , Tyler Dakotah , Van Zandt Judah , Schwieterman Edward W.
Published: August 2024

Exoplanet discoveries have revealed a dramatic diversity of planet sizes across a vast array of orbital architectures. Sub-Neptunes are of particular interest; due to their absence in our own solar system, we rely on demographics of exoplanets to better understand their bulk composition and formation scenarios. Here, we present the discovery and characterization of TOI-1437 b, a sub-Neptune with a 18.84 day orbit around a near-solar analog (M
⋆ = 1.10 ± 0.10 M
☉, R
⋆=1.17 ± 0.12 R
☉). The planet was detected using photometric data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission and radial velocity (RV) follow-up observations were carried out as a part of the TESS-Keck Survey using both the HIRES instrument at Keck Observatory and the Levy Spectrograph on the Automated Planet Finder telescope. A combined analysis of these data reveal a planet radius of R

p
= 2.24 ± 0.23 R
⊕ and a mass measurement of M

p
= 9.6 ± 3.9 M
⊕). TOI-1437 b is one of few (∼50) known transiting sub-Neptunes orbiting a solar-mass star that has a RV mass measurement. As the formation pathway of these worlds remains an unanswered question, the precise mass characterization of TOI-1437 b may provide further insight into this class of planet.
Delayed Emission from Luminous Blue Optical Transients in Black Hole Binary Systems
Authors: Lazzati Davide , Perna Rosalba , Ryu Taeho , Breivik Katelyn
Published: August 2024

At least three members of the recently identified class of fast luminous blue optical transients show evidence of late-time electromagnetic activity in great excess of what was predicted by an extrapolation of the early time emission. In particular, AT2022tsd displays fast, bright optical fluctuations approximately a month after the initial detection. Here we propose that these transients are produced by exploding stars in black hole binary systems and that the late-time activity is due to the accretion of clumpy ejecta onto the companion black hole. We derive the energetics and timescales involved, compute the emission spectrum, and discuss whether the ensuing emission is diffused or not in the remnant. We find that this model can explain the observed range of behaviors for reasonable ranges of the orbital separation and the ejecta velocity and clumpiness. Close separation and clumpy, high-velocity ejecta result in bright variable emission, as seen in AT2022tsd. A wider separation and smaller ejecta velocity, conversely, give rise to fairly constant emission at a lower luminosity. We suggest that high-cadence, simultaneous, panchromatic monitoring of future transients should be carried out to better understand the origin of the late emission and the role of binarity in the diversity of explosive stellar transients.
Proposing authorship for artificial intelligence and large language models
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A.
Published: August 2024

The current and predominant school of thought in academic publishing, with a correspondingly rigorously implemented set of ethical policies, notes that classic authorship is a purely human endeavor. However, such rigid conceptual restrictions on authorship for artificial intelligence (AI), like large language models (LLMs), may be borne from fear, emerging perhaps from being intellectually threatened by AI/LLMs that might outperform humans. In this paper, considering several caveats, a world of academic publishing in which AI/LLMs are offered a fair opportunity of authorship, coined AI-authorship, is envisioned.
Phenology of microhymenoptera and their potential threat by insect decline
Authors: Haas-Renninger Maura , Bigalk Sonia , Frenzel Tobias , Gamba Raffaele , Görn Sebastian , Haas Michael , Haselböck Andreas , Hörren Thomas , Sorg Martin , Wendt Ingo , Jansta Petr , Zimmermann Olaf , Steidle Johannes L. M. , Krogmann Lars
Published: August 2024

Although microhymenoptera are highly abundant in all terrestrial ecosystems, they are overlooked in most of insect monitoring studies due to their small-size and demanding identification linked with lack of taxonomic experts. Until now, it is unclear to what extent microhymenoptera are affected by insect decline, as there is a huge knowledge gap on their abundance. To fill this knowledge gap, we used Malaise trap samples from three study sites of a complete vegetation period (March to November) of an ongoing insect monitoring study in south-western Germany (i) to study the relationship of insect total biomass, and abundance and diversity of microhymenoptera, and (ii) to assess the phenology of microhymenoptera families. Our results show that microhymenoptera abundance and diversity are positively correlated with total insect biomass, indicating that insect biomass is a valuable proxy for insect abundancy trends even for small-sized insects. In total, we counted 90,452 specimens from 26 families belonging to 10 superfamilies of Hymenoptera. Microhymenoptera numbers peaked twice during the year, first between June and July and second between July and August. Interestingly, egg-parasitoids, such as Scelionidae, Mymaridae and Trichogrammatidae had a slightly shifted second activity period in August and September. Our data provides a baseline for the occurrence of microhymenoptera in meadow ecosystems in south-western Germany and underlines the potential of mass samples to study microhymenoptera in the context of insect decline.
Expanding the knowledge of the bat fauna of the Brazilian Caatinga: new geographical records of molossid bats (Chiroptera, Molossidae) for the Chapada Diamantina region, with taxonomic notes
Authors: García Franger J. , Ochoa-G José , Poma-Urey José L. , Miller Bruce W. , Falcão Fábio C. , del Valle Alvarez Martín Roberto
Published: August 2024

The Caatinga, an exclusive biome in Brazil, is the largest tropical dry forest area in the Americas. It is characterized by a semi-arid climate and various soils that harbor a great diversity of flora and fauna. Novel records of aerial insectivorous bat species in the family Molossidae in the Chapada Diamantina, northeastern Brazil are presented. The study is based on field sampling of 115 molossid bat specimens from six genera and 12 taxonomically confirmed species, along with four taxa requiring further evaluation for definitive species identification. All specimens were obtained using mist nets around a small freshwater lagoon surrounded by semideciduous dry forest. The verified genera were Cynomops, Eumops, Molossops, Molossus, Neoplatymops, and Nyctinomops. Our findings enhance the understanding of bat diversity in the Brazilian Caatinga, with the first records of Eumops delticus, E. bonariensis, and Molossus currentium. The most abundant species were Molossus rufus, Eumops glaucinus, Cynomops planirostris, Nyctinomops laticaudatus, and Molossus molossus. Previously unreported morphological and morphometric variations for these Caatinga taxa were examined. Additionally, information on sexual dimorphism in craniodental characteristics of Molossops temminckii and variations in the presence of the sagittal crest in Neoplatymops mattogrossensis are provided. Based on the voucher specimens from this study, the recognized number of species of Molossidae known from the Caatinga has increased to 21. Our results offer new insights into the taxonomy and biogeography of Neotropical molossids, highlighting their importance as members of bat communities in dry forest ecosystems from northeastern South America.
Risk Factors for Depression in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Jiajun , Jin Hongfu , Yon Dong Keon , Soysal Pinar , Koyanagi Ai , Smith Lee , Shin Jae Il , Li Yu-sheng , Rahmati Masoud , Zhang Jun
Published: August 2024

Background:

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a widespread chronic condition. Depression frequently occurs among patients with KOA. The objective of this meta-analysis was to identify risk factors associated with comorbid depression in patients with KOA.

Materials and Methods:

A comprehensive search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was conducted for studies related to comorbid depression in patients with KOA. We conducted statistical analyses to obtain relevant results, followed by heterogeneity tests and assessment for publication bias.

Results:

The prevalence of comorbid depression among patients with KOA was 34% (95% CI, 28%–41%). Notable risk factors linked to comorbid depression in patients with KOA included female sex (relative risk [RR], 1.17; 95% CI, 1.11–1.23), obesity (mean difference [MD], 1.30; 95% CI, 0.88–1.71), use of analgesics (RR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.38–1.63), comorbidities (MD, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.10–0.31), unmarried or widowed status (RR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.56–1.91), bilateral knee pain (RR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.11–1.71), high total Western Ontario and Mc-Master Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score (MD, 14.92; 95% CI, 10.02–19.82), high WOMAC pain score (MD, 5.76; 95% CI, 2.86–8.67), low gait velocity (MD, −0.12; 95% CI, −0.16 to −0.09), and extended duration in the Timed Up and Go Test (MD, 1.56; 95% CI, 0.87–2.25).

Conclusion:

Based on the current evidence, female sex, obesity, use of analgesics, comorbidities, unmarried or widowed status, bilateral knee pain, high total WOMAC score, high WOMAC pain score, low gait velocity, and prolonged time on the Timed Up and Go Test were identified as risk factors for depression in patients with KOA. Focus should be given to these aspects when preventing depression among these patients. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(5):e225–e232.]
Exploring Cyber Threats on Data Engineering Techniques for Identifying Security Breaches
Authors: Jeyaram A. , Muthukumaravel A.
Published: August 2024

In the contemporary digital environment, the widespread occurrence of cyber risks requires implementing proactive strategies to protect sensitive data and maintain the integrity of organizations. The present study addresses the urgent need for effective breach detection techniques via data engineering concepts. This chapter presents a complete framework for breach detection in data engineering. The framework includes several components: data integration, pretreatment, advanced analytics, and interaction with security operations and incident response processes. A comprehensive evaluation is undertaken to determine the efficacy of the proposed framework by analyzing breach detection performance measures and incident reaction time data. The data engineering framework that has been suggested exhibits notable enhancements in the effectiveness of breach detection. These improvements are evident via the rise in true positive rates, the reduction in false positive rates, and the improvement in incident response efficiency. The framework demonstrates good trends in key measures such as accuracy, precision, recall, and mean time to detect/respond/contain/recover, indicating its usefulness in limiting the impact of security events. Organizations may increase their cyber security posture and proactively battle cyber threats by adopting creative data engineering methodologies and combining them with effective incident response procedures. The results emphasize the need to implement a systematic strategy for identifying breaches based on data-driven analysis and customized to meet the company's specific requirements.
A Holistic Approach to Digital Business Process Re-Engineering Using AI-Driven Intelligent Models to Revolutionize Organizational Efficiency
Authors: Sharma Haldhar , Pandey Devendra Kumar , Pandit Sanjay , Pandey Manoj , Pandey Ankur
Published: August 2024

Business strategy re-engineering, or BPR, has become a fundamental cycle for associations looking to control their useful structures and increment, generally speaking, proficiency in the quickly developing advanced climate. This chapter frames a complete BPR approach that coordinates proactive accomplice interest, a positive hierarchical culture, and current development headways to accomplish practical significance. This technique centers key capabilities around the talented compromise of virtual developments, which fills in as an impetus for reexamining and changing progressive cycles while considering client requirements and assumptions. Rather than minor changes to their ongoing arrangements, workplaces are simultaneously patching their techniques, killing silly obligations, and expanding standard proficiency. This reexamined interaction won't just increment functional readiness and proficiency but also fundamentally increment client faithfulness by giving labor and products that better address the client's issues. By progressing towards undertaking system change (BPR), associations can rise above customary limits and create a subculture that focuses on client needs, deals with cycles, and speeds up improvement while sticking to a far-reaching perspective. Along these lines, organizations enjoy a benefit in the advanced age.
Revolutionizing the Way We Clean Our Planet With Nanomaterials
Authors: Gupta Anshi , Yadav U Kumari , Garg Kashish , Sharma Sonia , Naiyer Sarah
Published: August 2024

India, as the second-largest developing nation and carbon dioxide emitter, faces escalating CO2 emissions primarily from vehicle and industrial exhausts which are composed of NO2, SO2, organic chemicals, and heavy metals, pose severe health risks like skin disorders, malignancies, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory ailments, and neurological disorders However, the traditional pollution mitigation techniques such as sand filtration and froth flotation limits its applicability due to high energy consumption and inefficiency. In order to overcome this, nanomaterials, encompassing metal-based, carbon-based, polymer-based, and silica-based variants, emerged out as the one of the potential materials for environment remediation. Herein, this chapter we have focused upon the diverse array of pollutants, their impacts, the contribution and challenges of integrating nanotechnology into sustainability initiatives.
Leveraging AI for Branding Strategy in Service Marketing of Hotels
Authors: Chourasia Bhola
Published: August 2024

The hospitality industry is rapidly evolving, with artificial intelligence (AI) emerging as a transformative force in service marketing and branding. This chapter delves into the integration of AI technologies in the branding strategies of hotels, highlighting how AI can enhance guest experiences, streamline operations, and strengthen market positioning. The authors explore various AI applications, including personalized guest services, dynamic pricing, customer relationship management (CRM), and marketing automation. Additionally, they examine AI-powered tools for customer service, such as chatbots and virtual assistants, which provide 24/7 support and maintain consistent brand messaging. The chapter also covers the optimization of operational efficiencies through AI-driven predictive maintenance and energy management, as well as advanced techniques in brand monitoring and reputation management. Through detailed case studies and practical insights.
Transforming the Banking Industry With AI-Driven Personalized Solutions
Authors: Balage Hasini , Sedera Darshana
Published: August 2024

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) across various industries has become increasingly prominent over time, and the banking industry has transformed significantly due to its advancement. The shift from traditional banking to modernised banking solutions has been driven by technological developments. Efficiency improvements in customer service, data-drive solutions, proactive actions rather than reactive responses, automated processes, and personalised marketing through customer segmentation are a few of the benefits of applying AI in the banking sector. These solutions purport to increase customer satisfaction, loyalty, cross-selling opportunities, and engagement, creating a win-win situation for the bank and its customers.
Regentes escolares e alfabetização de crianças pobres em Portugal (1930-1976)
Authors: Felgueiras Margarida Louro , Amorim José Pedro
Published: August 2024

A partir de 1930, são criadas as escolas incompletas, mais tarde designadas ‘postos de ensino e postos escolares’ em Portugal. Uma medida que parecia positiva para chegar a populações isoladas, sem escola nem condições mínimas de fixar professores/as, para combater o analfabetismo, revelou uma natureza diversa. Os objetivos deste artigo são mostrar como estes postos de ensino se dirigiram às camadas mais desfavorecidas da população quer rural quer da periferia das cidades; caracterizar a alfabetização das crianças pobres e a situação existencial destes agentes de ensino. O trabalho está alicerçado numa revisão da literatura e em investigações dos autores em arquivos institucionais, distritais e na recolha junto das escolas, no âmbito de projetos financiados pela FCT. A análise histórica da documentação permite verificar que os/as professores/as diplomados pelas Escolas Normais foram sendo substituídos pelas/os ‘regentes escolares’. Agentes de ensino, cuja habilitação necessária era, em geral, apenas possuírem a 4.ª classe, ter bom comportamento moral e mostrarem adesão ao regime. Ganhavam metade do ordenado de um/a professor/a, eram oriundas/os dos próprios locais e foram quase exclusivamente mulheres. Não haveria o perigo de fazerem circular ideias, comportamentos ou valores ‘estranhos’ à comunidade. Funcionaram como uma forma de controlo dos/as professores/as, uma vez que podiam ser facilmente substituídos/as por regentes. A escolaridade obrigatória baixou para a 3.ª classe. As crianças estavam preparadas para ouvir o sermão do padre aos domingos, trabalhar de sol a sol, sem outras ambições do que chegar a ter ‘quatro paredes caiadas’ para viver.
Virtual Reality Strategies for Promoting Mobility in the Intensive Care Unit: A Case Report
Authors: Mall Anna , Stokes Jason , Streisfeld Gabriel , Zychowicz Michael , Granger Bradi B.
Published: August 2024

Prolonged bed rest is a known contributor to muscle atrophy, weakness, and deconditioning. Early active mobilization protocols aim to combat acquired weakness and loss of function in patients in the intensive care unit. Despite these benefits, mobilization of patients in the intensive care unit remains a challenge, most notably for patients with limited ability to get out of bed because of invasive devices and prolonged hospitalization. Virtual reality has gained favor for use in critical care to mitigate patients’ stress, pain, and anxiety and to provide distraction and socialization. This case report demonstrates a novel application of virtual reality and the ease with which virtual reality can be used to facilitate early mobility and activity progression in the critically ill.
Comprehensive guidelines for appropriate statistical analysis methods in research
Authors: Kim Jonghae , Kim Dong Hyuck , Kwak Sang Gyu
Published: August 2024

Background: The selection of statistical analysis methods in research is a critical and nuanced task that requires a scientific and rational approach. Aligning the chosen method with the specifics of the research design and hypothesis is paramount, as it can significantly impact the reliability and quality of the research outcomes. Methods: This study explores a comprehensive guideline for systematically choosing appropriate statistical analysis methods, with a particular focus on the statistical hypothesis testing stage and categorization of variables. By providing a detailed examination of these aspects, this study aims to provide researchers with a solid foundation for informed methodological decision making. Moving beyond theoretical considerations, this study delves into the practical realm by examining the null and alternative hypotheses tailored to specific statistical methods of analysis. The dynamic relationship between these hypotheses and statistical methods is thoroughly explored, and a carefully crafted flowchart for selecting the statistical analysis method is proposed. Results: Based on the flowchart, we examined whether exemplary research papers appropriately used statistical methods that align with the variables chosen and hypotheses built for the research. This iterative process ensures the adaptability and relevance of this flowchart across diverse research contexts, contributing to both theoretical insights and tangible tools for methodological decision-making.Conclusions: This study emphasizes the importance of a scientific and rational approach for the selection of statistical analysis methods. By providing comprehensive guidelines, insights into the null and alternative hypotheses, and a practical flowchart, this study aims to empower researchers and enhance the overall quality and reliability of scientific studies.
Understanding the relational well-being of primary school teachers in rural South Africa
Authors: Maseko Sasabona , Chigeza Shingairai
Published: August 2024

Background: The workplace can be a source of stress if relationships are strained, as these interactions significantly impact individual well-being. Although numerous studies address the challenges and well-being of teachers, there is a scarcity of research on the relational experiences and relationships that are essential for teachers’ well-being.Objectives: The study aimed to understand the relational experiences and relationships that contribute to the well-being of teachers in rural primary schools.Methods: Purposive sampling was employed to select 10 male and female teachers with five or more years of teaching experience from quintile 1–3 ordinary rural schools in South Africa. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and analysed thematically.Results: The study’s findings revealed that schools can provide conducive spaces for experiencing and forming positive interactional relationships with learners, peers and the community. In addition, teachers thrive because of important relationships that give meaning, such as nurturing interpersonal collaboration, finding purpose in life, fulfilment and valued relationships. Such relationships enable teachers to consistently strive for the best in their work performance.Conclusion: Positive interactional relationships not only enhance the well-being of teachers but also contribute to the overall success of education.Contribution: Our findings have implications for relational well-being interventions for teachers in the education sector.
Osteochondroma below the Infraorbital Rim - A Case Report
Authors: Kumar R. Mahesh , Sreelakshmi M. S. , Subramanyam Varsha , Vipulkumar Yash Vyas
Published: August 2024

Rationale:

Osteochondroma, a benign bony neoplasm that can develop in any part of the body, commonly appears in the ends of the long bones. It can also occur in the craniofacial region such as mandibular condyle and coronoid region. We describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic process, surgical management and post-operative outcomes in a 34-year-old male patient. Only few cases are reported in literature till now and often are mistaken as bony exostosis.

Patient Concerns:

The patient sought medical attention due to the cosmetic concerns.

Diagnosis:

Through clinical palpation and radiological interpretation. Provisional diagnosis of bony exostosis was made, which was later confirmed as osteochondroma on histopathological examination.

Treatment:

Surgical removal of the bony growth was performed.

Outcomes:

Follow-up was uneventful with no evidence of recurrence.

Take-away Lessons:

The report aims to raise awareness about this manifestation and to encourage further research to better understand aetiology, management and outcomes of osteochondroma in unusual locations.