bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antigenic Site Immunodominance Redirection Following Repeat Variant Exposure
Authors: Lindesmith Lisa C. , Brewer-Jensen Paul D. , Mallory Michael L. , Zweigart Mark R. , May Samantha R. , Kelly Daniel , Williams Rachel , Becker-Dreps Sylvia , Bucardo Filemón , Allen David J. , Breuer Judith , Baric Ralph S.
Published: June 2022

Human norovirus is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis, driven by antigenic variants within the GII.4 genotype. Antibody responses to GII.4 vaccination in adults are shaped by immune memory. How children without extensive immune memory will respond to GII.4 vaccination has not been reported. Here, we characterized the GII.4 neutralizing antibody (nAb) landscape following natural infection using a surrogate assay and antigenic site chimera virus-like particles. We demonstrate that the nAb landscape changes with age and virus exposure. Among sites A, C, and G, nAbs from first infections are focused on sites A and C. As immunity develops with age/exposure, site A is supplemented with antibodies that bridge site A to sites C and G. Cross-site nAbs continue to develop into adulthood, accompanied by an increase in nAb to site G. Continued exposure to GII.4 2012 Sydney correlated with a shift to co-dominance of sites A and G. Furthermore, site G nAbs correlated with the broadening of nAb titer across antigenically divergent variants. These data describe fundamental steps in the development of immunity to GII.4 over a lifetime, and illustrate how the antigenicity of one pandemic variant could influence the pandemic potential of another variant through the redirection of immunodominant epitopes.
Photodynamic Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity and Antiviral Treatment Effects In Vitro
Authors: Ziganshyna Svitlana , Szczepankiewicz Grit , Kuehnert Mathias , Schulze Agnes , Liebert Uwe Gerd , Pietsch Corinna , Eulenburg Volker , Werdehausen Robert
Published: June 2022

Despite available vaccines, antibodies and antiviral agents, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic still continues to cause severe disease and death. Current treatment options are limited, and emerging new mutations are a challenge. Thus, novel treatments and measures for prevention of viral infections are urgently required. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a potential treatment for infections by a broad variety of critical pathogens, including viruses. We explored the infectiousness of clinical SARS-CoV-2 isolates in Vero cell cultures after PDI-treatment, using the photosensitizer Tetrahydroporphyrin-tetratosylate (THPTS) and near-infrared light. Replication of viral RNA (qPCR), viral cytopathic effects (microscopy) and mitochondrial activity were assessed. PDI of virus suspension with 1 µM THPTS before infection resulted in a reduction of detectable viral RNA by 3 log levels at day 3 and 6 after infection to similar levels as in previously heat-inactivated virions (<99.9%; p < 0.05). Mitochondrial activity, which was significantly reduced by viral infection, was markedly increased by PDI to levels similar to uninfected cell cultures. When applying THPTS-based PDI after infection, a single treatment had a virus load-reducing effect only at a higher concentration (3 µM) and reduced cell viability in terms of PDI-induced toxicity. Repeated PDI with 0.3 µM THPTS every 4 h for 3 d after infection reduced the viral load by more than 99.9% (p < 0.05), while cell viability was maintained. Our data demonstrate that THPTS-based antiviral PDI might constitute a promising approach for inactivation of SARS-CoV-2. Further testing will demonstrate if THPTS is also suitable to reduce the viral load in vivo.
Influenza Virus-like Particle-Based Hybrid Vaccine Containing RBD Induces Immunity against Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 Viruses
Authors: Bommireddy Ramireddy , Stone Shannon , Bhatnagar Noopur , Kumari Pratima , Munoz Luis , Oh Judy , Kim Ki-Hye , Berry Jameson , Jacobsen Kristen , Jaafar Lahcen , Naing Swe-Htet , Blackerby Allison , Gaag Tori , Wright Chloe , Lai Lilin , Pack Christopher , Ramachandiran Sampath , Suthar Mehul , Kang Sang-Moo , Kumar Mukesh , Reddy Shaker , Selvaraj Periasamy
Published: June 2022

Several approaches have produced an effective vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since millions of people are exposed to influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2, it is of great interest to develop a two-in-one vaccine that will be able to protect against infection of both viruses. We have developed a hybrid vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses using influenza virus-like particles (VLP) incorporated by protein transfer with glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored SARS-CoV-2 RBD fused to GM-CSF as an adjuvant. GPI-RBD-GM-CSF fusion protein was expressed in CHO-S cells, purified and incorporated onto influenza VLPs to develop the hybrid vaccine. Our results show that the hybrid vaccine induced a strong antibody response and protected mice from both influenza virus and mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 challenges, with vaccinated mice having significantly lower lung viral titers compared to naive mice. These results suggest that a hybrid vaccine strategy is a promising approach for developing multivalent vaccines to prevent influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Development and Evaluation of a Bicistronic DNA Vaccine against Nervous Necrosis Virus in Pearl Gentian Grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)
Authors: Lin Tianwen , Xing Jing , Tang Xiaoqian , Sheng Xiuzhen , Chi Heng , Zhan Wenbin
Published: June 2022

Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) can cause enormous economic losses in mariculture. Vaccines are promising ways to control the disease. In this study: the interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) gene of pearl gentian grouper was cloned and functionally analyzed; then a bicistronic DNA vaccine encoding both capsid protein (CP) and IRF3 was constructed; then the cellular, humoral, and local immune responses in the grouper after immunization were investigated; and then the protective effects after the NNV challenge were investigated. The results showed that the vaccine successfully expressed CP and IRF3. After immunization, the lymphocytes were recruited at the injection site in the muscles. The percentage of sIgM+ lymphocytes in the head, kidney, and spleen significantly increased and peaked at 28.8 ± 3.1% and 42.6 ± 4.2% at the 3rd to 4th weeks. Six immune-related genes were significantly up-regulated. In the meantime, the total antibodies, anti-NNV specific antibodies, and neutralizing antibody titers in serum increased. After the challenge with 105, 106 or 107 TCID50/fish, the relative percent survival rate was 81.25%, 73.91%, and 66.67%, respectively. In 106 TCID50/fish groups, the percentages of sIgM+ lymphocytes, antibodies, and the viral load were investigated. In conclusion, the bicistronic vaccine significantly induced humoral and cellular responses in pearl gentian grouper and provided effective protection against NVV infection.
Humoral and Cellular Immune Response in Asymptomatic Dogs with Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Review
Authors: García-Castro Ana , Egui Adriana , Thomas María Carmen , López Manuel Carlos
Published: June 2022

Visceral leishmaniasis is one of the deadliest parasitic diseases in the world and affects both humans and dogs. The host immune response to Leishmania infection plays a critical role in the evolution of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) and consequently in the manifestation of clinical signs. The asymptomatic form of the disease is a major concern in the diagnosis of CVL and in the transmission control of Leishmania infection. Asymptomatic dogs are found in large proportions in endemic areas and are an unquantifiable source of infection. The present review analyzes the possible relationship between the activation of the antigen-specific immune response of the host and resistance or susceptibility to CVL. The review focuses on works that address the characterization of the humoral and cellular immune response profile, at both the functional and phenotypic levels, in infected dogs. Most studies relate the absence of clinical symptomatology to an increased proliferative response and a Th1 cytokine profile. Despite the numerous findings pointing to a differential immune response in asymptomatic dogs, the contradictory results reported in this review highlight the importance of establishing a precise clinical classification of the disease, performing more longitudinal studies, and including a higher number of animals in trials.
IL-1R8 as Pathoimmunological Marker for Severity of Canine Chronic Enteropathy
Authors: Riva Federica , Bianchessi Laura , Recordati Camilla , Inglesi Alessia , Castiglioni Vittoria , Turin Lauretta
Published: June 2022

Chronic enteropathy (CE) is a severe multifactorial gastrointestinal disease that affects dogs and is driven by poorly characterized inflammatory pathways. Imbalance of pro-inflammatory response regulators, including IL-1R8, may be due to different factors, among which the infection with Helicobacteraceae is known to lead to a vicious circle in which excessive pro-inflammatory signaling and gastrointestinal injury reinforce each other and boost the disease. We investigated the expression of IL-1R8 in large intestine biopsies of dogs with or without clinical signs of CE and with previously assessed enterohepatic Helicobacter spp. colonization status by mean of quantitative real-time PCR. Our study revealed that IL-1R8 is downregulated in both acutely (p = 0.0074) and chronically (p = 0.0159) CE affected dogs compared to healthy controls. The data also showed that IL-1R8 expression tends to decrease with colonization by Helicobacter spp. Interestingly, a negative correlation was detected between the level of expression of IL-1R8 and the severity of macroscopic lesions identified by endoscopy and the crypt hyperplasia score. We further compared the expression levels between males and females and found no statistically significant difference between the two groups. No significant difference was observed in IL-1R8 expression profiles with the age of the animals either. Interestingly, an association was uncovered between IL-1R8 expression level and dog breed. Together, our data advance knowledge on gastrointestinal pathoimmunology in dogs and highlight the potential utilization of IL-1R8 as a diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomarker for canine chronic enteropathy.
Vision-Related Quality of Life and Seasonal Affective Disorder in Patients with Glaucoma and Macular Degeneration
Authors: Szulborski Kira J. , Prosniewski Miranda D. , Anjum Sidrah , Alwreikat Amer Mosa , Aquino Patrick R. , Ramsey David J.
Published: June 2022

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is characterized by depressive episodes related to changes in the seasons. Patients with severe vision loss are at an increased risk of SAD. This study seeks to determine the extent to which patients with moderate vision loss report symptoms of SAD. In this cross-sectional, comparative case series, the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) and the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-39) were used to screen 111 patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and/or primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). A multiple regression analysis was performed to create a predictive model for SAD based on the Global Seasonality Score (GSS) using the VFQ-39. Subjects who reported symptoms of SAD (GSS > 8) had lower vision-related quality of life (composite score: 57.2 versus 73.2, p < 0.001). Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the items on the VFQ-39 split into two distinct dimensions that together accounted for 63.2% of the total variance in the GSS. One group of questions addressed vision-related problems; the other group comprised questions related to the quality of life. Whereas this model successfully identified patients with vision loss at risk of SAD, a model restricted to the questions available on the shorter, widely used VFQ-25 instrument did not reliably identify patients at risk of SAD.
River–Groundwater Interaction and Recharge Effects on Microplastics Contamination of Groundwater in Confined Alluvial Aquifers
Authors: Severini Edoardo , Ducci Laura , Sutti Alessandra , Robottom Stuart , Sutti Sandro , Celico Fulvio
Published: June 2022

Literature provides only a few examples of contamination of groundwater with microplastics, mainly investigated using a chemical approach. Little importance is given to the hydrogeological processes able to affect the contamination, such as river–groundwater interactions. This study was carried out with two aims. The first aim is the formulation of a method with a high result-to-cost ratio, based on the hydrogeological aspects of the investigated area. Microplastics were extracted from samples through filtration and successively counted and characterized morphologically through analysis of optical microscopy images. The second aim is to evaluate the presence of microplastics in some portions of an alluvial aquifer using this methodology. Microplastics in groundwater showed a higher circularity and Feret diameter than those found in surface waters, indicating that in porous aquifers the transport is likely more influenced by the microplastics’ shape than by their size. The aquifer recharge did not modify the microplastics’ characteristics in groundwater, whereas in surface water the flood wave promoted the resuspension of microplastics with lower circularity. These findings provide new pieces of evidence on the presence and transport of microplastics in both groundwater and surface waters, underlining how the hydrogeological characteristics of the area can be one of the main drivers of microplastics’ contamination.
Quantify Runoff Reduction in the Zhang River Due to Water Diversion for Irrigation
Authors: Chen Xin , Liu Yanli , Zhang Jianyun , Guan Tiesheng , Sun Zhouliang , Jin Junliang , Liu Cuishan , Wang Guoqing , Bao Zhenxin
Published: June 2022

In order to systematically analyze the impacts of climate change and human activities on runoff, this paper takes the Zhanghe River Basin, which is greatly affected by human activities, as the research object, constructs an attribution analysis model of runoff changes based on historical data and the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. The results show that the runoff of the watershed has significantly decreased in the past 60 years, in which the contribution rate of climate change is 36.2% and that of human activities is 63.8%. Among the climate change factors, precipitation is the main contributing factor and canal diversion is the main contributing factor among human activities. In addition, with the decrease in precipitation during the flood season and the increase in the crop planting area in the catchment, the distribution of canal water diversion has also changed, and the water consumption of summer crops has gradually become the main factor affecting canal water diversion.
Comparative Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of Alternative Technologies for the Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Urban Wastewater
Authors: Pryce David , Alsharrah Fatemah , Khalil Ahmed M. E. , Kapelan Zoran , Memon Fayyaz A.
Published: June 2022

Emerging contaminants (ECs) continue to threaten our fragile ecosystem, yet their mitigation remains limited by economic factors. Meanwhile, a relatively expensive material, Graphene Oxide (GO), has shown promise as a solution for EC removal following further development into three graphene-based materials (GBMs): Porous graphene adsorbent (PGa), Graphene-oxide foam adsorbent (GOFa), and the hybrid filter. Due to the nuances of each synthesis process, financial costs will differ throughout the GBMs’ life cycle which have been quantified and compared in the present work at a range of possible breakthrough times. Finally, economic and environmental costs have been combined for each technology to compare eco-efficiency. Results demonstrated a substantial economic advantage of the GBMs when compared to alternative technologies, most notably the GOFa filter that incurred the lowest life-cycle costs at $1.73 ± 0.09/m3. This was mainly attributed to the lower demand of GOFa on the most expensive material required for material synthesis, hydrazine. In addition, the material demands of GOFa were more evenly distributed which suggest a higher resilience of the overall costs to price hikes of individual materials required for synthesis. In terms of eco-efficiency the GOFa filter also demonstrated the greatest improvement when compared to the reference technology These results have provided robust total investment costs for several technologies that can now offer contrast to other EC-removal solutions.
Visitor Behaviors Can Influence the Risk of Patient Harm: An Analysis of Patient Safety Reports From 92 Hospitals
Authors: Sanchez Christine , Taylor Matthew , Jones Rebecca
Published: June 2022

Background: Previous research has shown that visitors can decrease the risk of patient harm; however, the potential to increase the risk of patient harm has been understudied.

Methods: We queried the Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System database to identify event reports that described visitor behaviors contributing to either a decreased or increased risk of patient harm. Event reports from January 1 to June 30, 2019, were searched for keywords and reviewed for inclusion criteria. Event reports were manually coded to identify visitor influence on risk of patient harm (e.g., increase or decrease), visitor behavior, and event type.

Results: A total of 427 event reports were analyzed and we identified five categories of visitor behavior that influenced patient safety by either decreasing or increasing the risk of patient harm. We found that 63.7% (272 of 427) of event reports described a visitor behavior that decreased the risk of patient harm and the remaining 36.3% (155 of 427) of reports described behavior that increased the risk of harm. There was a greater variety of visitor behaviors that contributed to an increased risk of patient harm, as opposed to a decreased risk of harm. The visitor behavior most frequently associated with a decreased risk of patient harm was communicating with staff (91.2%, 248 of 272); for example, to inform staff of deterioration of a patient’s condition. The visitor behavior most frequently associated with an increased risk of patient harm was moving a patient (63.2%, 98 of 155). Across the 427 event reports, we found that visitor behavior was associated with seven event types; the falls event type (61.6%, 263 of 427) and medication-related event type (14.8%, 63 of 427) occurred most frequently.

Conclusion: The current study provides insight into which visitor behaviors are contributing to a decreased risk of patient harm and adds to the literature by identifying behaviors that can increase the risk of patient harm, across multiple event types. Table 6 and Table 7 outline potential safety strategies that staff and facilities may consider using to target visitor behavior. As outlined in Table 6, the use of warning and instructional signage can be a relatively low-effort and effective strategy to influence visitor behavior and address multiple behavior categories and event types.
Aula Invertida para el aprendizaje de Física a nivel universitario
Authors: Pérez Collantes Rafael Diego , Alberto Lovera Patricia Cenia , Gonzales Zuñiga De Las Casas Nancy Elsa , Salvatierra Melgar Ángel
Published: June 2022

El método del aula invertida se basa en el uso de tecnologías informativas y comunicativas que posibilita un aprendizaje dinámico del alumnado que hacen una revisión previa de los contenidos de un determinado tema para luego ser discutidos en clase, estimulando el trabajo colaborativo. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las estrategias del aula invertida para el provecho del aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Dado su auge, uno debiera preguntarse cómo la estrategia del aula invertida resulta útil para aprender la asignatura de física. Se utilizó una metodología de búsqueda bibliográfica de artículos de revistas, recientes indexadas en distintas bases de datos como Scopus, Pubmed, Scielo y otros correspondientes a artículos científicos con enfoques cualitativo y cuantitativo y también artículos de revisión referentes al tema de interés. Los estudiantes al asumir su compromiso de ser parte del uso del aula invertida son los que más se benefician con esta estrategia, ya que pueden aprender y comprender en forma colaborativa las teorías básicas y las partes prácticas de cada materia, como el curso de física.
Trabajo colaborativo para fortalecer la empatía como parte de la formación del profesional de salud
Authors: Chafloque Barrios Kelly Karol , Alvarez Huertas Frank Duberlee , Tamayo Mendoza Ruth Mercedes , Tello Flores Raquel Yovana , Fernández Celis María del Pilar
Published: June 2022

El trabajo colaborativo se fundamenta en la formación profesional del sector salud, es una característica necesaria sí la atención se enfoca fundamentalmente en el paciente, lo cual desarrolla empatía en el profesional con la única intención de brindar una atención integral al paciente y aprender de manera conjunta. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el aporte del trabajo colaborativo para fortalecer la empatía como parte de la formación del profesional de la salud. Las fuentes que se verificaron fueron Ebsco, Scielo, Dialnet, Pubmet y Google Académico, se revisaron 25 estudios de los cuales se obtuvieron 19 que cumplieron con los criterios, cuyos resultados resaltan la importancia de la educación interprofesional, el trabajo colaborativo y la empatía. Se concluyó que el trabajo colaborativo como fundamento de la formación del profesional de la salud fortalece la empatía entre el equipo médico y el paciente.
Educación en línea en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Rivera Merino Daniel Alexander , Naranjo Pinela Teresa Celeste , González Romero Lourdes , Cordero Alvarado Narcisa Isabel
Published: June 2022

Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador, durante La pandemia por el COVID-19 se centraron en desplegar estrategias de educación en línea para que docentes y estudiantes pudieran continuar con los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo describir la educación en línea en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19 desde la percepción de 40 docentes de una institución educativa de Guayaquil, Ecuador. Es una investigación descriptiva, la recolección de los datos se realizó a través de un diseño de caso. La técnica para recoger los datos fue la encuesta y el instrumento un cuestionario para identificar la percepción de los docentes, acerca de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en línea. Como resultado los docentes perciben que existen dificultades en su capacitación para utilizar la Tecnología de la Información para la enseñanza y guiar a sus estudiantes en el aprendizaje.
El Pensamiento Matemático: los 5 pilares de la formación docente en ciencias
Authors: Shiguay Guizado Giomar Arturo , Maney Hu Rivas Gloria , De La Cruz Rioja Ricardo
Published: June 2022

El pensamiento matemático en sus múltiples dimensiones y capacidades permite analizar, sistematizar, inferir, abstraer e interpretar información; incluso postular teorías para llegar a la solución de un problema del contexto real con alta demanda cognitiva. Sin embargo, todo ello aún no se desarrolla de forma efectiva en muchos de los programas educativos del nivel básico y superior del Perú y América Latina. El propósito de la investigación hace énfasis en la importancia del desarrollo del pensamiento matemático e identificar los componentes o pilares del pensamiento matemático que deben ser considerados en la formación universitaria del docente en ciencias. La metodología usada fue la revisión sistemática, se seleccionaron bajo los criterios de búsqueda 22 documentos entre tesis y artículos de revisión como original, de las bases de datos: Google Académico, Scielo, Latindex y Dialnet. Se concluyó que el desarrollo del pensamiento se enmarca en los cinco pilares: pensamiento numérico, pensamiento espacial y geométrico; pensamiento métrico, pensamiento aleatorio, pensamiento variacional y de sistemas algebraicos fundamental para una óptima formación docente en ciencias.
Eficacia de los procesos jurisdiccionales en el caso de los cuellos blancos del puerto
Authors: Pasapera Rojas Donald Hortencio , De Piérola García Violeta María
Published: June 2022

El emblemático caso de los cuellos blancos y del Consejo Nacional de la Magistratura son solo la punta del iceberg de las redes ilícitas infiltradas en el poder judicial de Perú y las instituciones encargadas de investigar el delito, los cuales trastocan la eficacia de los procesos jurisdiccionales en la administración de justicia peruana. El Objetivo fue la descripción criminológica de los crímenes de los poderosos, inmersos en mega corrupción dentro del poder judicial. Se está ante una investigación original de método inductivo dentro del paradigma naturalista. Desde los resultados se advirtió que en la mayoría de las regiones del mundo se da este fenómeno de la corrupción en los sistemas de justicia, debiendo los fiscales realizar imputaciones concretas a jueces y fiscales cuando estos estén inmersos en investigaciones de corrupción. Como conclusión se ha confirmado la hipótesis que los actos de corrupción violentan abiertamente los derechos humanos y que existen enquistadas las redes ilícitas infiltradas en las instituciones de administración de justicia peruana encargadas de investigar el delito.
TÉCNICA PARA EL ESTUDIO DE LA MICROMORFOLOGÍA INTERNA DE SEMILLAS DURAS EN Opuntia
Authors: Guerrero-Muñoz Patricia , Zavaleta-Mancera Hilda A. , Barrientos-Priego Alejandro F. , Gallegos-Vázquez Clemente , Núñez-Colín Carlos A. , Valadez-Moctezuma Ernestina , Cuevas-Sánchez Jesús A.
Published: June 2022

Estudiar la morfología interna de semillas duras es un reto, debido a la dificultad para cortar este tipo de especímenes. La presente técnica usa una lima para desgastar la semilla hasta obtener el corte en el plano mediano. La superficie limada se fotografía bajo un microscopio estereoscópico para obtener una imagen digital, la cual se estudia mediante un programa de análisis de imágenes para obtener datos cualitativos y cuantitativos de la estructura interna. Los datos se pueden someter a diferentes análisis estadísticos. Como ejemplo de la aplicación de esta técnica se presenta un estudio comparativo de la micromorfología de semilla de 24 genotipos de Opuntia spp., que permitió separar cuatro grupos. El Grupo 2 presentó genotipos con cubiertas funiculares más delgadas en la región ventral. El Grupo 3 presentó cubiertas funiculares más delgadas en la zona dorsal y el Grupo 4 tuvo cubiertas funiculares más gruesas.
REFRIGERACIÓN DE FRUTOS DE ZAPOTE MAMEY [Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H. E. Moore & Stearn] COSECHADOS EN DIFERENTES FECHAS EN TABASCO, MÉXICO
Authors: Martínez-Morales Arturo , Alia-Tejacal Irán , Colinas-León Ma. Teresa
Published: June 2022

En Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, se cosecharon frutos de zapote mamey [Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H. E. Moore & Stearn] en madurez fisiológica, en cuatro fechas (15 y 22 de abril, 5 y 12 de mayo de 2004), para determinar su comportamiento poscosecha después de almacenarlos a 12 °C y 95 % HR, por 14, 21, 28 y 35 d; adicionalmente, en cada fecha se mantuvo un grupo de frutos a temperatura ambiente (30 ± 2 °C), el cual se utilizó como testigo. En condiciones de laboratorio se midió: días a madurez comercial, velocidad de respiración, producción de etileno, concentración de azúcares totales y color de la pulpa (ángulo matiz). Los frutos testigo maduraron a los 4 ó 5.6 d después de cosechados; los frutos almacenados a 12 °C por 14 y hasta 35 d maduraron 4 ó 1 d después de salir del almacenamiento. La maduración de frutos cosechados después del 15 de abril fue 1 ó 2 d más rápida. En las primeras dos cosechas se registró un patrón climatérico, con máximos de producción de CO2 entre 219 y 365 mL kg-1 h-1 y de etileno entre 161 y 503 µL kg-1 h-1; en las dos últimas fechas de cosecha sólo se detectó la fase postclimatérica. Los azúcares totales incrementaron su concentración 3 ó 5 veces durante la maduración, y en esta variable no hubo efecto de la fecha de cosecha. El ángulo matiz del color fue superior en los frutos cosechados en abril, con valores entre 73.3 y 80.6, que los cosechados en mayo cuyos valores fueron de 61.2 a 71.6. El almacenamiento a 12 °C no causó daños por frío y permitió incrementar la vida poscosecha por más de 28 d. El comportamiento poscosecha difirió entre fechas de cosecha.
TOLERANCIA A BAJA TEMPERATURA INDUCIDA POR ÁCIDO SALICÍLICO Y PERÓXIDO DE HIDRÓGENO EN MICROPLANTAS DE PAPA
Authors: Mora-Herrera Martha Elena , López-Delgado Humberto A.
Published: June 2022

Se determinó el efecto del ácido salicílico (AS) y peróxido de hidrógeno (H2O2) en la tolerancia a baja temperatura (-6 ± 1 °C), en microplantas de S. tuberosum de las variedades ‘Alpha’ y ‘Atlantic’. Previamente se determinó la respuesta a baja temperatura de microplantas de 3 a 7 semanas de edad expuestas a baja temperatura por 2 ó 3 h, lo que permitió elegir modelo para la mínima supervivencia al de microplantas de 4 semanas de edad expuestas 3 h a baja temperatura. ‘Alpha’ fue más tolerante que ‘Atlantic’. Esquejes de plantas producidos in vitro, fueron preincubados en H2O2 durante 1 h en concentraciones de 0, 0.1, 1, 5 y 50 mM y luego incubados por 4 semanas en medio MS; igualmente se cultivaron esquejes en medio MS en presencia de AS 0, 0.001, 0.01 y 0.1 mM durante 4 semanas. La supervivencia y la actividad catalasa fueron determinadas para todos los tratamientos. El tratamiento con AS 0.1 mM incrementó la supervivencia de ‘Alpha’ en 31 % y la de ‘Atlantic’ en 78 %, en relación con los testigos, mientras que el tratamiento de H2O2 50 mM produjo aumentos de 44 % en ‘Alpha’ y 92 % en ‘Atlantic’. La actividad catalasa disminuyó en 37 % en ‘Alpha’ y en 36 % en ‘Atlantic’ en el tratamiento 0.1 mM de AS, mientras que en el tratamiento H2O2 50 mM la actividad catalasa se incrementó en 17 % en ‘Alpha’ y 28 % en ‘Atlantic’. Estos resultados indican las diferentes rutas de señalización que pueden seguir el AS y H2O2 en la inducción de tolerancia a bajas temperaturas, lo que hace a estos compuestos potencialmente útiles para incrementar la tolerancia de S. tuberosum a baja temperatura.
Kurşunun Musca domestica nın (Diptera: Muscidae) Büyüme ve Gelişimi Üzerindeki Etkileri
Authors: KÖKDENER Meltem
Published: June 2022

Kurşun, ağır metaller arasında oldukça toksik bileşiklerden biridir, organizmalar ve ekosistemler üzerinde ciddi problemlere yol açarlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı kurşunun adli açıdan önemli bir sinek olan musca domestica 'nın (diptera: muscidae) bazı gelişimsel parametreleri üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Mevcut çalışmada 30 adet musca domestica larvası dört farklı kurşun konsantrasyonuna maruz bırakılmış besi yeri üzerinde yetiştirilmiştir. Bu deney 2020 yılında ondokuz mayıs üniversitesi zooloji bölümü'nde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gelişme hızı, pupa ve larva ölüm oranı, yetişkin, ve pupa ağırlığı kaydedilen parametrelerdir. Yaşam öyküsü parametrelerini karşılaştırmak için tek yönlü bir anova kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlarımız kurşun varlığının pupa ve larva sağkalımını, pupa, ve yetişkin ağırlığını azalttığını göstermiştir. Larval gelişim hızı pb ilavesi olan diyette azalmış, fakat pupal gelişim süresi uzamıştır. Musca domestica'nın yaşam öyküsü parametrelerinin kurşuna duyarlı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Afet Risk Yönetimi Çerçevesinde COVID-19 Hastalığına Yakalanmış Kişilerin Kader Algısı ve Ahlaki Olgunluk Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KILIÇ Mehtap , MALAK Bahanur
Published: June 2022

Afet risk yönetimi çerçevesinde Türkiye’de Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’ndeki bir ilde yaşayan ve COVID-19 hastalığına yakalanmış kişilerin kader algısı ve ahlaki olgunluk düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemine göre tasarlanmış ve nicel verilerle desteklenmiştir. Katılımcı Bilgi Formu, Ahlaki Olgunluk Ölçeği, Teistik Kader Algısı Ölçeği ve Afet Risk Yönetimi Çerçevesinde Yapılandırılmış Soru Formu aracılığı ile veriler toplanmıştır. Nitel verilerde içerik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada 48 katılımcıya ulaşıldığında nitel veriler doygunluğa ulaşmıştır. 48 katılımcının %54,2’sini kadınlar, %45,8’ini erkekler oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcıların %43,8’ini 18-28 yaş aralığındaki kişiler, %58,3’ünü üniversite mezunu kişiler, %58,3’ünü memurlar oluşturmaktadır. Nicel bulgulara göre, katılımcıların ahlaki olgunlukları yüksek düzeydedir. Katılımcıların afetlerle ilgili durumları kader olarak algıladıkları sonucuna varılmıştır. Nitel bulgulara göre, katılımcıların bir kısmı kaderin alacağımız tedbirlerden daha güçlü olduğunu belirtmiştir. “Allah her kulun kaderini kendi çabasına bağlamıştır” temasında bazı katılımcıların da hastalığa yakalanmalarını, bireysel sorumluluklarını göz ardı etmedikleri kader inançlarıyla alakalı değerlendirmişlerdir. Bazı katılımcılar hastalık süresince önlem almanın gerekliliğine inanmış ancak çeşitli nedenlerle önlem almayı ihmal ettiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Bazı katılımcılarınsa önlem kurallarına uyarak bireysel sorumluklarını yerine getirdikleri ancak dışa yükleme yaparak bireysel sorumluluğun ağırlığı ile baş etmeye çalıştıkları anlaşılmıştır. Klasik kader algısı, afetlere karşı önlem alma davranışını olumsuz etkilemiştir. Bunun için afetlere yönelik önlemlerin alınması, afet sırası ve sonrasında gerekli psikososyal bakımın gerçekleştirilmesi için multidisipliner çalışmalara gereksinim vardır.
The Determination of Presence of Listeria monocytogenes in Ground Meat Sold in Istanbul
Authors: ULUDAĞ Arda Alara , ARSLAN AYDOĞDU Elif Özlem , KİMİRAN Ayten
Published: June 2022

Listeria monocytogenes that the most common human listeriosis agent is one of 21 species of the Listeria genera. In fact, the mortality rate of listeriosis is higher than that of the more common foodborne pathogens such as Vibrio species or Salmonella Enteritidis. This study was aimed to determine the L. monocytogenes contamination in different minced meat samples. In this study, 100 minced meat samples purchased from different butchers in 11 districts of Istanbul between December 2018 and November 2019 were examined for the presence of L. monocytogenes. Isolates were molecularly confirmed for the presence of the iap and hlyA gene regions. It was determined that 21 biochemically defined isolates were susceptible to tetracycline and ampicillin, while resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, penicillin, cefaclor, and vancomycin. In addition, it was determined that only 16 of these 21 isolates were L. monocytogenes in terms of iap and hlyA gene regions. L. monocytogenes incidence in minced meat sold in Istanbul is low (17%), we believe that these contamination rates indicate a significant risk to public health due to cross-contamination and raw consumption of minced meat.
Does Minority Case Sampling Improve Performance with Imbalanced Outcomes in Psychological Research?
Authors: Jacobucci Ross , Li Xiaobei
Published: June 2022

In psychological research, class imbalance in binary outcome variables is a common occurrence, particularly in clinical variables (e.g., suicide outcomes). Class imbalance can present a number of difficulties for inference and prediction, prompting the development of a number of strategies that perform data augmentation through random sampling from just the positive cases, or from both the positive and negative cases. Through evaluation in benchmark datasets from computer science, these methods have shown marked improvements in predictive performance when the outcome is imbalanced. However, questions remain regarding generalizability to psychological data. To study this, we implemented a simulation study that tests a number of popular sampling strategies implemented in easy-to-use software, as well as in an empirical example focusing on the prediction of suicidal thoughts. In general, we found that while one sampling strategy demonstrated far worse performance even in comparison to no sampling, the other sampling methods performed similarly, evidencing slight improvements over no sampling. Further, we evaluated the sampling strategies across different forms of cross-validation, model fit metrics, and machine learning algorithms.
Penerapan Algoritma Djikstra dan Algoritma Collaborative Filtering Recommendation untuk Pencarian Kelompok Belajar dan Bimbingan Belajar
Authors: Dwiasnati Saruni , Wardhana Ariyani , Perdana Surya
Published: June 2022

Recommender system merupakan sebuah program yang dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi sebuah item berdasarkan informasi yang diperoleh dari user. Collaborative filtering merupakan algoritma yang telah banyak digunakan dalam melakukan proses filtering. Dewasa ini pendidikan informal semakin memiliki peran penting terhadap kesuksesan belajar para pelajar di lembaga pendidikan formal. Kebutuhan tambahan pelajaran bagi pelajar semakin meningkat, hal ini dikarenakan tuntutan kompetensi dan minimnya waktu belajar yang tersedia di lembaga pendidikan formal. Mencari kelompok belajar dan bimbingan belajar (bimbel) sebagai pelengkap pembelajaran merupakan tantangan bagi para pelajar. Keterbatasan info dari tempat bimbel dan kelompok belajar membuat pelajar perlu meluangkan waktu lebih lama untuk mencari bimbel atau kelompok belajar yang sesuai yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan kapasitasnya. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk membantu pelajar di area sekitar universitas PGRI dalam mencari tempat bimbel dan kelompok belajar yang sesuai. Algoritma Djikstra digunakan untuk mencari lokasi bimbel dan kelompok belajar terdekat, sedangkan algoritma collaborative filtering digunakan untuk memberikan rekomendasi tempat bimbel berdasarkan pada rating setiap bimbel yang diberikan oleh pelajar yang sudah pernah mengikuti program bimbel tersebut. Nilai yang digunakan adalah kepuasan pelajar yang pernah mengikuti kelompok belajar atau bimbel di area Universitas PGRI. Gabungan dari kedua algoritma ini, diharapkan dapat memberikan solusi pencarian tempat bimbel dan kelompok belajar berkualitas yang terdekat dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan setiap pelajar yang membutuhkan informasi.
Identifikasi Website Phishing dengan Perbandingan Algoritma Klasifikasi
Authors: Irawan Agung Susilo Yuda , Heryana Nono , Hopipah Hopi Siti , Rahma Dyas
Published: June 2022

Phishing merupakan salah satu kejahatan siber yang bersifat mengancam dan menjebak seseorang dengan cara memancing korban untuk secara tidak langsung memberikan informasi kepada penjebak. Sebagian besar phishing menggunakan link yang mengarah pada website palsu untuk menjebak target. Phishing berpotensi menimbulkan kerugian baik dalam hal privacy, eksploitasi data, bahkan kerugian finansial. Jumlah website phishing yang merugikan pun tumbuh sangat cepat. Maka salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan yaitu melakukan penerapan klasifikasi untuk dapat mendeteksi website phishing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performa terbaik dalam penerapan  algoritme  klasifikasi  yaitu  Support  Vector  Machine, Decision Tree, Random Forest, dan Multilayer Perceptron. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, performa terbaik terdapat pada algoritme Multilayer Perceptron dengan tingkat akurasi mencapai 93.15% dan nilai AUC 0.976.
Pemetaan Kebudayaan Lokal Unggulan Masyarakat Cirebon Untuk Sektor Pariwisata Menggunakan SIG
Authors: Nas Chairun , Ilham Wanda
Published: June 2022

Sektor pariwisata mampu meningkatakan pendapatan daerah, salah satunya adalah wisata kebudayaan lokal. Kota Cirebon sebagai kota peninggalan cagar budaya, menjadikan wisata kebudayaan sebagai wisata unggulan daerahnya. Pemerintah kota Cirebon berupaya untuk terus mempromosikan wisata kebudayan unggulan kota Cirebon kepada para wisatawan. Namun keterbatasan penyajian informasi kepada wisatawan membuat beberapa sektor wisata kebudayaan lokal tidak terjamah oleh wisatawan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pemetaan terhadap objek wisata kebudayaan unggulan untuk diimplementasikan kedalam sebuah sistem yang dapat menyajikan informasi berupa lokasi dan deskripsi untuk objek wisata kebudayaan tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini data yang digunakan adalah data peta kota Cirebon dan 14 jenis data object penelitian dalam sektor wisata. Data tersebut selanjutnya diolah dan diimplementasikan ke dalam Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Maka dengan SIG tersebut mampu menjadi media bagi pemerintah kota Cirebon untuk mempromosikan wisata kebudayaan unggulannya.
Kata kunci: Pariwisata, Kebudayaan, Pemetaan, Sistem Informasi Geografis.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA C4.5 UNTUK PENENTUAN KRITERIA SISWA TELADAN BERDASARKAN PERATURAN DISIPLIN SISWA (STUDI KASUS DI SMK NEGERI 1 LINTAU BUO)
Authors: Yoliadi Dodi Nofri
Published: June 2022

Siswa merupakan salah satu elemen kunci dalam sistem pendidikan, maka dari itu butuh petunjuk untuk dapat dinilai dengan baik. Peraturan disiplin siswa diharapkan dapat menjadi pedoman pelaksanaan seluruh kegiatan siswa sehari-hari baik di dalam maupun di luar sekolah. Penentuan siswa teladan diukur berdasarkan kriteria  yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap siswa sesuai peraturan displin siswa yang diterapkan di sekolah. Di SMK Negeri 1 Lintau Buo penentuan siswa teladan masih dilakukan secara manual dan hasilnya belum objektif. Sehingga untuk hasil yang diperoleh terkadang penuh pro dan kontra. Data Mining digunakan untuk mempelajari data yang tersedia di bidang pendidikan dan menghasilkan pengetahuan tersembunyi. Metode klasifikasi seperti Algoritma C 4.5, diterapkan pada data pendidikan dengan memanfaatkan pengetahuan tersembunyi untuk memprediksi seluruh aspek kinerja siswa. Prediksi ini juga membantu dalam penentuan kriteria siswa teladan. Hasil prediksi tersebut juga untuk perbaikan kinerja siswa secara keseluruhan terutama dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap siswa SMK Negeri 1 Lintau Buo sebanyak 75 data siswa yang memiliki peringkat kelas 1, 2 dan 3 disetiap kelas. Hasil yang diperoleh dari proses klasifikasi ini adalah kriteria terbaik untuk penentuan siswa teladan dengan node yang diperoleh yaitu, Prestasi Non Akademis, Kehadiran serta Kegiatan sosial. Keakuratan proses klasifikasi pada Data Training diperoleh sebesar 1.00, pada  Data Testing1 diperoleh sebesar 0.90 serta pada Data Testing2 diperoleh sebesar 1.00.
Kecerdasan Kultural Dilihat Dari Sudut Pandang Agama, Etnis Dan Gender Pada Suku Jawa
Authors: Mulyati Sri , Hartini Hartini , Harmi Hendra
Published: June 2022

Multikultural adalah mempersiapkan agar mampu bertahan hidup dan berinteraksi dalam dunia dengan diversitas yang tinggi. Tidak hanya itu,  multikultural juga bertujuan meningkatkan kapasitas komunikasi individu dalam berkomunikasi dengan orang lain melalui partisipasi secara aktif dalam proses berinteraksi dan dengan mengunakan segala pengalaman mereka dalam sebuah suku yang kondusif. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian studi pustaka (Library Reseach). Studi pustaka ialah penelitian yang teknik pengumpulan datanya dilakukan di lapangan (perpustakaan) dengan didasarkan atas pembacaan-pembacaan terhadap beberapa literatur yang memiliki informasi serta memiliki relevansi dengan topik penelitian. Kepercayaan lain kelompok agaman ini adalah sinkretisme animisme dengan Hindu-Buddha dan Islam. Orang-orang berkembangan yang mendominasi wilayah pedesaan menurut masih mempercayai hal-hal magis ataupun mistis yang ada di sekitarnya. masih percaya adanya tuyul, memedi, lelembut, demit, dan lain-lain yang berbau magis. Selain itu, mereka juga meyakini bahwa ruh-ruh orang yang telah mati masih berkeliaran (gentayangan) di sekitar manusia. Untuk mencegah gangguan ruh-ruh, kalangan abangan menyelenggarakan slametan (selamatan) agar slamet (selamat). Etnis Jawa merupakan suku bangsa terbesar di Indonesia yang berasal dari Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, dan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Setidaknya 41,7% penduduk Indonesia merupakan etnis Jawa. Telah melahirkan ungkapan-ungkapan (yang sering kali masih terdengar hingga sekarang) yang dianggap menyiratkan inferioritas wanita Jawa . Ungkapan-ungkapan seperti kanca wingking, swarga nunut neraka katut, wanita hanya mengurus dapur, wanita hanya bergantung pada suarni, menegaskan bahwa wanita Jawa tampak menduduki struktur bawah. Kuatnya konsepsi tersebut dalam budaya Jawa, menimbulkan per· lakuan-per1akuan yang dianggap membatasi ruang gerak wanita, seperti halnya konsep pingitan, yaitu melarang wanita untuk bebas beraktivitas.

Kata Kunci : Kecerdasan Kultural, Agama, Etnis, Gender dan Suku Jawa
Teaching Online and Cyberbullying
Authors: Cox Thomas D , Raditch Joseph
Published: June 2022

Cyberbullying is a phenomenon increasingly affecting students and faculty in K-12 through higher education systems. Cyberbullying in higher education negatively affects institutions and their respective stakeholders. The consequences range from faculty turnover to student suicide. Research related cyberbullying in higher education in online learning is emerging. Common understandings of cyberbullying vary by state, institution, and classroom level. Furthermore, many states, including Florida, defer conduct policies and their enforcement to the individual institution. In this article, a review of publicly available Florida university policies regarding cyberbullying in higher education were explored by a Florida professor and a higher education administrator. Utilizing document analysis, this study analyzed policies from the 12 state universities to document the institutional definitions of cyberbullying and the recommended reporting practices for faculty. Further, following the Community of Inquiry (COI) framework, this study examined policies and procedures to determine if they supported the construct of teacher presence. It was determined that there are multiple definitions of cyberbullying and that policies were publicly available but most lacked support for faculty to report related incidences. Most policies were implied and not explicitly related to cyberbullying. Finally, there was little to no evidence in the analyzed documents that would support teaching presence.
ІДК КЛЕЙКОВИНИ У ЗРАЗКІВ ПШЕНИЦІ ТВЕРДОЇ ОЗИМОЇ В УМОВАХ УМАНСЬКОГО НУС
Authors: Полянецька Ірина
Published: June 2022

Одним з основних напрямків розвитку харчової промисловості є створення високоефективних екологічно безпечних технологій продуктів харчування із зернової сировини з якісною харчовою і біологічною цінністю. Клейковину вперше виявив учений Черазі Беккариа Бонесано в 1728 році. Сьогодні, при визначенні якості зернових, рівень клейковини грає одну з найважливіших ролей. Вона є критично важливим дію на властивості борошна, тому цим значенням можна нехтувати. Нижче в статті буде описано, що таке клейковина пшениці, показник ІДК і що саме впливає на рівень клейковини в зерні. Пружність клейковини – властивість відновлювати, після деформації клейковини, її початкову форму. Даний показник називається індексом деформації клейковини та визначають його за допомогою приладів – ИДК-1, ИДК-1М. Вимірюється в одиницях приладу. Клейковину за ІДК поділяють на три групи [1, 2].
A COMPLICATIONS FROM PYROPLASMOSIS IN DOGS
Authors: Karpenko O.
Published: June 2022

Babesiosis, Piroplasmosis – an acute or chronic naturally transmissible focal disease of dogs, cats and fur-bearing animals, is characterised by fever, depression, anaemia, mucous membrane discharge, cardiovascular, nervous and digestive system disorders. [1] In dogs, the pathogen is Babesia (Piroplasma) canis. [3]
ЕКОЛОГІЧНА БЕЗПЕКА УПАКОВКИ ДЛЯ ХАРЧОВИХ ПРОДУКТІВ
Authors: Адамів Степан
Published: June 2022

При оцінюванні якості різних товарів повсякденного попиту, в тому числі і харчових продуктів, споживачі оцінюють упаковку вище, ніж це відповідає її частці в цінності виробу. Призначення упаковки в тому, щоб з моменту пакування до моменту споживання продукт зберігав свою кількість, склад, якість та не змінював своїх споживчих властивостей. Це передбачає захист продукту від механічних, фізичних, хімічних, кліматичних і біологічних впливів.
ВІДМОВОСТІЙКІСТЬ ТА АВТОМАСШТАБУВАННЯ ВЕБ-РЕСУРСУ
Authors: Іванівна Тетяна , Захарченко Сергій
Published: June 2022

Метою даної роботи є дослідження питання прискорення роботи серверних додатків під час високих навантажень та автоматизації процесів масштабування серверних систем, що дозволить знизити витрати на інфраструктуру та її обслуговування.