bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catheter ablation of macroreentrant atrial tachycardias following transconduit puncture access in a patient after total cavopulmonary connection with an extracardiac conduit
Authors: Traykov Vassil , Shalganov Tchavdar , Dimitrov Lyubomir , Kaneva Anna , Lazarov Stojan , Dobrev Dobri , Gelev Valeri
Published: October 2021

We present the case of a 23-year-old male diagnosed with a complex congenital heart disease (with single ventricle physiology) which necessitated many surgical interventions including total cavopulmonary connection. The patient presents with recurrent (almost daily) highly symptomatic atrial tachycardia with rapid ventricular rate and poor haemodynamic tolerance. Due to failure of antiarrhythmic drug therapy the patient was referred for catheter ablation. Atrial access was provided following transconduit puncture with a standard transseptal set. Crossing to the atrium with the transseptal introducer was not successful due to resistance from the conduit and the atrial wall. Therefore, balloon dilation of the puncture using a cutting balloon was carried out which resulted in easy crossing to the atrium with a steerable transseptal introducer. Several atrial tachyarrhythmias were induced two of which allowed mapping demonstrating a macroreentrant tachycardia dependent on the cavoannular isthmus as well as a complex figure-of-eight circuit involving right pulmonary veins and the right atrial appendage. Linear lesions transecting the critical isthmuses of the two circuits were delivered which rendered the patient noninducible. During a 9-month follow-up period the patient remained arrhythmia free.
Unexpected diversity in Central European Vespoidea (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae, Myrmosidae, Sapygidae, Scoliidae, Tiphiidae, Thynnidae, Vespidae), with description of two species of Smicromyrme Thomson, 1870
Authors: Schmid-Egger Christian , Schmidt Stefan
Published: October 2021

The present study presents DNA barcoding results for 134 species of Central European Vespoidea, families Mutillidae, Myrmosidae, Sapygidae, Scoliidae, Tiphiidae, Thynnidae, and Vespidae, including DNA barcodes for 100 of the 114 German species. DNA barcoding resulted in unexpected diversity in several families, each with two or more genetic clusters identified by Barcode Index Numbers (BINs).Smicromyrme burgeriSchmid-Egger,sp. nov.andS. langobardensisSchmid-Egger,sp. nov.are described as new from Germany and Italy, respectively. A neotype is designated forSmicromyrme rufipes(Fabricius, 1878). The results of DNA barcoding are discussed in respect to detecting cryptic species and refining species limits.
L’aménagement du territoire français en phases : les référentiels d’action publique pour éclairer une « historité » confuse
Authors: Thiard Philippe
Published: October 2021

Un réexamen de l’aménagement du territoire français au croisement des concepts de la géohistoire et de l’approche cognitive des politiques publiques (référentiels d’action publique) ouvre des perspectives nouvelles pour une nouvelle compréhension des temporalités propres à cette modalité d’action (émergences, rythmes, décalages, transitions, sens…). Grâce au concept de régime de réflexivité proposé par les politistes ayant théorisé ce courant de la science politique, il est possible d’expliciter l’articulation complexe de la pensée et de l’action aménagiste puis de révéler trois des constantes de l’aménagement du territoire en France que sont, selon des modalités renouvelées lors des changements de référentiel, le rapport de la société aux inégalités spatiales, la revendication de l’équilibre et la scalabilité.
Politiques de subventions aux engrais au Burkina Faso : une comparaison des impacts par mode de financement à l’aide d’un modèle d’équilibre général calculable
Authors: Sawadogo Boureima , Maisonnave Hélène
Published: October 2021

Depuis 2008, le Burkina Faso est engagé dans un vaste plan de dépenses de subvention des intrants et équipements agricoles pour accroître la productivité agricole et réduire la pauvreté. Or, le pays a une marge de manœuvre financière limitée. Nous utilisons un modèle d’équilibre général calculable couplé avec un modèle de microsimulation pour évaluer les impacts de la politique de subvention sur la production agricole et la pauvreté selon trois modalités de financement. Les résultats montrent que cette politique est bénéfique à la croissance agricole et à la baisse de la pauvreté. Financer cette subvention par l’impôt sur le revenu des firmes réduit davantage la pauvreté des ménages ruraux. Classification JEL : C68, Q18, O13, I32, O55
Le nombre et la part des immigrés dans la population : comparaisons internationales
Authors: Pison Gilles
Published: October 2021

Les États-Unis sont le pays du monde ayant sur son sol le plus grand nombre d’immigrés (personnes nées à l’étranger) : 43 millions. C’est six fois plus que l’Arabie saoudite (7,3 millions) ou le Canada (7,2). Mais proportionnellement à leur taille, ces deux derniers pays ont deux fois plus d’immigrés : 28 % et 21 %, contre 13 % aux États-Unis. Les pays de petite taille accueillent proportionnellement le plus d’immigrés. La Suisse, avec 23 % d’immigrés, se situe devant les États-Unis, et le Luxembourg a une proportion encore plus élevée (35 %). Dans les vieux pays d’immigration comme les États-Unis ou la France, la population immigrée s’est constituée progressivement. Le flux d’entrée, même modeste à certaines périodes, comme en France aujourd’hui, s’est maintenu de façon presque ininterrompue sur plus d’un siècle. Dans les pays d’immigration récente comme l’Espagne, la population immigrée s’est en revanche constituée très récemment avec des flux massifs.
Evaluation of dose enhancement with gold nanoparticles in kilovoltage radiotherapy using the new EGS geometry library in Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Sheeraz Zaynah ,   Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Chow James C.L. ,   Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,   Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Published: October 2021

Purpose

This study compared the dose enhancement predicted in kilovoltage gold nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy using the newly developed EGS lattice and the typical gold-water mixture method in Monte Carlo simulation. This new method considered the gold nanoparticle-added volume consisting of solid nanoparticles instead of a gold-water mixture. In addition, this particle method is more realistic in simulation.

Methods

A heterogeneous phantom containing bone and water was irradiated by the 105 and 220 kVp x-ray beams. Gold nanoparticles were added to the tumour volume with concentration varying from 3–40 mg/mL in the phantom. The dose enhancement ratio (DER), defined as the ratio of dose at the tumour with and without adding gold nanoparticles, was calculated by the gold-water mixture and particle method using Monte Carlo simulation for comparison.

Results

It is found that the DER was 1.44–4.71 (105 kVp) and 1.27–2.43 (220 kVp) for the gold nanoparticle concentration range of 3–40 mg/mL, when they were calculated by the gold-water mixture method. The DER was slightly larger and equal to 1.47–4.84 (105 kVp) and 1.29–2.5 (220 kVp) for the same concentration range, when the particle method was used. Moreover, the DER predicted by both methods increased with an increase of nanoparticle concentration, and a decrease of x-ray beam energy.

Conclusion

The deviation of DER determined by the particle and gold-water mixture method was insignificant when considering the uncertainty in the calculation of DER (2%) in the nanoparticle concentration range of 3–40 mg/mL. It is therefore concluded that the gold-water mixture method could predict the dose enhancement as accurate as the newly developed particle method.
Modeling the effect of activation of CD4$^+$ T cells on HIV dynamics
Authors: Yu Linghui , Qiu Zhipeng , Guo Ting
Published: October 2021

HIV infects active uninfected CD4\begin{document}$ ^+ $\end{document} T cells, and the active CD4\begin{document}$ ^+ $\end{document} T cells are transformed from quiescent state in response to antigenic activation. Activation effect of the CD4\begin{document}$ ^+ $\end{document} T cells may play an important role in HIV infection. In this paper, we formulate a mathematical model to investigate the activation effect of CD4\begin{document}$ ^+ $\end{document} T cells on HIV dynamics. In the model, the uninfected CD4\begin{document}$ ^+ $\end{document} T cells are divided into two pools: quiescent and active, and the stimuli rate of quiescent cells by HIV is described by saturated form function. We derive the basic reproduction number \begin{document}$ R_0 $\end{document} and analyze the existence and the stability of equilibria. Numerical simulations confirm that the system may have backward bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation. The results imply that \begin{document}$ R_0 $\end{document} cannot completely determine the dynamics of the system and the system may have complex dynamics, which are quite different from the models without the activation effect of CD4\begin{document}$ ^+ $\end{document} T cells. Some numerical results are further presented to assess the activation parameters on HIV dynamics. The simulation results show that the changes of the activation parameters can cause the system periodic oscillation, and activation rate by HIV may induce the supercritical Hopf bifurcation and subcritical Hopf bifurcation. Finally, we proceed to investigate the effect of activation on steady-state viral loads during antiretroviral therapy. The results indicate that, viral load may exist and remain high level even if antiretroviral therapy is effective to reduce the basic reproduction number below 1.
Boundary controllability for a coupled system of degenerate/singular parabolic equations
Authors: Allal Brahim , Hajjaj Abdelkarim , Salhi Jawad , Sbai Amine
Published: October 2021

In this paper we study the boundary controllability for a system of two coupled degenerate/singular parabolic equations with a control acting on only one equation. We analyze both approximate and null boundary controllability properties. Besides, we provide an estimate on the null-control cost. The proofs are based on a detailed spectral analysis and the use of the moment method by Fattorini and Russell together with some results on biorthogonal families.
Projection method with inertial step for nonlinear equations: Application to signal recovery
Authors: Ibrahim Abdulkarim Hassan , Kumam Poom , Sun Min , Chaipunya Parin , Abubakar Auwal Bala
Published: October 2021

In this paper, using the concept of inertial extrapolation, we introduce a globally convergent inertial extrapolation method for solving nonlinear equations with convex constraints for which the underlying mapping is monotone and Lipschitz continuous. The method can be viewed as a combination of the efficient three-term derivative-free method of Gao and He [Calcolo. 55(4), 1-17, 2018] with the inertial extrapolation step. Moreover, the algorithm is designed such that at every iteration, the method is free from derivative evaluations. Under standard assumptions, we establish the global convergence results for the proposed method. Numerical implementations illustrate the performance and advantage of this new method. Moreover, we also extend this method to solve the LASSO problems to decode a sparse signal in compressive sensing. Performance comparisons illustrate the effectiveness and competitiveness of our algorithm.
The behavior of solutions of a parametric weighted $ (p, q) $-Laplacian equation
Authors: Repovš Dušan D. ,   Faculty of Education and Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana & Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Mechanics, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Vetro Calogero ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 34, 90123, Palermo, Italy
Published: October 2021

We study the behavior of solutions for the parametric equation

   \begin{document}$ -\Delta_{p}^{a_1} u(z)-\Delta_{q}^{a_2} u(z) = \lambda |u(z)|^{q-2} u(z)+f(z,u(z)) \quad \mbox{in } \Omega,\, \lambda >0, $\end{document}

under Dirichlet condition, where $ \Omega \subseteq \mathbb{R}^N $ is a bounded domain with a $ C^2 $-boundary $ \partial \Omega $, $ a_1, a_2 \in L^\infty(\Omega) $ with $ a_1(z), a_2(z) > 0 $ for a.a. $ z \in \Omega $, $ p, q \in (1, \infty) $ and $ \Delta_{p}^{a_1}, \Delta_{q}^{a_2} $ are weighted versions of $ p $-Laplacian and $ q $-Laplacian. We prove existence and nonexistence of nontrivial solutions, when $ f(z, x) $ asymptotically as $ x \to \pm \infty $ can be resonant. In the studied cases, we adopt a variational approach and use truncation and comparison techniques. When $ \lambda $ is large, we establish the existence of at least three nontrivial smooth solutions with sign information and ordered. Moreover, the critical parameter value is determined in terms of the spectrum of one of the differential operators.
Efficacy of 4% Tulsi Leaf Extract, Fluoridated and Placebo Dentifrices Against Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Count Among 14–15 Years School Children in Davangere City, Karnataka – A Concurrent Parallel Trial
Authors: Usha G. V. , Lakshminarayan Nagesh , Bhuvaneshwari N. G.
Published: October 2021

Background:

Dental caries is a multifactorial disease, which is preventable by adopting healthy behaviors like toothbrushing. Tulsi extract mouthrinse has confirmed its antibacterial efficacy against Streptococcus mutans.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to assess and compare the antibacterial efficacy of 4% tulsi leaf extract, commercially available fluoridated (Colgate Total Care), and placebo dentifrices on salivary S. mutans counts among 14–15-year-old schoolchildren in Davangere city.

Subjects and Methods:

A triple-blinded randomized controlled trial consisted of 84 randomly selected participants aged 14–15 years. Baseline unstimulated 2-ml saliva was collected and the microorganisms were cultured using mitis salivarius selective media. The participants with 105 colony-forming units were considered eligible. Block randomization and concealed randomization method was adopted to allocate the participants into three groups containing 28 each. After 7 days, postassessment of salivary S. mutans count was done.

Statistical Analysis:

Wilcoxon signed-rank test for within-group comparison and Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance for intergroup comparison were used. Missing data analysis was performed.

Results:

The study showed a significant reduction in salivary S. mutans counts from baseline to posttest (mean rank 37.95–28.45) in tulsi toothpaste group. Intergroup comparison showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.035). Post hoc analysis showed a statistically significant difference between tulsi and placebo toothpaste group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Four percent tulsi extract incorporated in the form of toothpastes have shown a maximum reduction in the salivary S. mutans count for a period of 7 days when compared to fluoridated toothpaste.
High iron content in river waters: environmental risks for aquatic biota and human health
Authors: Viana Lucilene Finoto , Crispim Bruno do Amaral , Sposito Juliana Caroline Vivian , Melo Milena Perez de , Francisco Luiza Flávia Veiga , Nascimento Valter Aragão do , Barufatti Alexeia
Published: October 2021

This study assessed the concentrations of metals in the Dourados and Brilhante Rivers, investigated the influence of landscape features surrounding these rivers on water quality, and evaluated the risks associated with metal contamination for aquatic biota and human health. Sampling was conducted at eighteen sites distributed along the rivers in June 2016. The concentrations of metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cr, Al and Co) in the water were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. All the samples possessed Fe concentrations above the threshold value for aquatic biota (0.3 mg L-1). Moreover, land use and land cover assessment of the study area revealed extensive agriculture activity, particularly in areas surrounding the Dourados River headwaters. Fe bioavailability for both rivers indicated risks for aquatic biota and human health. Overall, the elevated Fe content in these rivers was attributed to anthropogenic activity in the vicinity of these water bodies and the soil characteristics of the area. Considering the importance of river basins, it is necessary to implement public policies for their conservation, especially those related to the cultivation of forests of native species and sustainable agricultural practices, in addition to improving the effluent treatment infrastructure, which is essential to minimize the adverse effects of contamination by chemical elements in water bodies.

Keywords: aquatic ecosystems, environmental contaminants, forest fragments.
Assessment of leaf miner Liriomyza spp (diptera: Agromyzidae) damage on tomato and the yield output in Ilorin, Southern Guinea Savannah, Nigeria
Authors: Mustapha S. , Musa A.K. , Aliyu A.S.
Published: October 2021

Tomato plays an important nutritional role in human diet. Although, Nigeria is the largest producers of tomato in Africa, its production is threatened by the invasive polyphagous insect pest belonging to the genus Liriomyza. An experiment was conducted to enumerate the level of damage of the agromyzid fly Liriomyza spp on the tomato variety, UC82B. Infestations were observed on potted tomato plants and studied from December 2016 to March, 2017. The experimental treatment consisted of both screen house and field trials. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replicates. Data were collected on the number of tomato leaves mined by larvae of the pest every week after transplanting (WAT) and on the total weight of tomato fruits harvested. Using t-test statistical analysis, results revealed that tomato plants grown in the field were the most infested by the insect pest from 5 to 10 WAT having significantly higher (P < 0.05) mean population of the pest when compared to the screen house which had little or no infestation. However, there was no significant difference in the leaf damage by Liriomyza spp from 2 to 4 WAT. Tomato fruits harvested at the end of the experiment were weighed and observation showed that the screen house gave more fruit yield (90.80±6.10g) compared to the field experiment (24.20±2.27g) which was significantly lower due to leaf miner flies’ damage on tomato leaves. Therefore, appropriate control measures of the insect pest are recommended where screen houses may not be accessible.
Determination of Some Selected Thermal Properties of Pumpkin Seeds (Cucurbita pepo)
Authors: Sunmonu M.O. , Odewole M.M. , Adeyinka O.A. , Sanusi M.S. , Musa S.O.
Published: October 2021

In this study, some selected thermal properties (specific heat, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity) in the moisture content range of 5.0-5.6% or green and 4.80 – 5.20% for white varieties of pumpkin seeds were determined. The specific heat was measured using mixture method while the thermal conductivity was measured by transient technique using the heat line source. The green pumpkin seed has average moisture content of 5.2% higher than moisture content of white pumpkin seed of average 4.8%. The average specific heat values of green pumpkin seed are 6.171kJ/kgK and white pumpkin seed 4.327kJ/kgK. The thermal conductivity values for white pumpkin seed ranged from 0.074 to 0.288 W/m°C while that for green pumpkin seed ranged from 0.079 to 0.433 W/m°C. The thermal diffusivity values for green pumpkin ranged from 0.0011 to 0.06 m2/s while that for white pumpkin seed ranged from 0.01 to 0.06 m2/s. It was concluded that the higher the moisture content (5.2%) the higher the value of specific heat of seed (6.171kJ/kgK). It can also be concluded that the thermal conductivity (0.079 to 0.433 W/m°C) value is higher with high moisture content (5.2%).
Occurrence, Diversity and Abundance of Nematode Pests of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) in Two Local Government Areas of Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Tanimola A.A. , Olotu O. , Asimiea A.O.
Published: October 2021

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) contribute to yield losses in pineapple production. Limited studies have been conducted on plant-parasitic nematodes on pineapple despite reports of PPNs infecting it. A survey was conducted in Obio-Akpor and Ikwerre Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Rivers State to determine the occurrence, abundance and diversity of PPNs associated with pineapple. A total of 60 composite samples were collected from the two LGAs. Nematodes were extracted from soil and root samples using the modified Baermann technique and identified using standard procedures. Data were processed using relative frequency of occurrence (RFOC), relative importance values (RIVs), diversity indices, nematode population was calculated and analysis of variance. The most occurring plant-parasitic nematodes were Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Meloidogyne, Scutellonema and Tylenchulus. In Obio Akpor LGA, Helicotylenchus with RFOC 33.3% was the most occurring nematode pests, while Pratylenchus was the most important plant-parasitic nematode (RIV 33.8%). In Ikwerre LGA, both Helicotylenchus and Pratylenchus have the same occurrence (RFOC 33.3%) with Pratylenchus being the most important nematode pest. Pratylenchus species with RIV of 52.4% were the most important PPNs associated with pineapple in both Obio-Akpor and Ikwerre LGAs. Dominance and Shannon- Weiner indices among the PPNs are 0.58 and 0.86, respectively. In Ikwerre and Obio-Akpor LGAs, Aluu (1530) and Rumuekini (630) pineapple farms have the highest population of PPNs, respectively. Ikwerre LGA (2,150) pineapple farms had more PPNs than Obio-Akpor LGA (660). Nematode pests are associated with pineapple in the two LGAs and could be contributing to yield losses.
Assessment of Land Use/Cover Change Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques: A Case of Osogbo and Its Peripheral Areas in Nigeria
Authors: Afolabi O.S. , Aigbokhan O.J. , Mephors J.O. , Oloketuyi A.J.
Published: October 2021

The importance of accurate and timely information describing the nature and extent of land resources and changes over time is increasing, especially in rapidly growing city areas. Landsat satellite imageries of three different time periods, i.e., Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) of 1982, 2000 and 2018 were acquired by Global Land Cover Facility Site (GLCF) and earth explorer site, quantify the changes in the Osogbo and its peripheral areas from 1982 to 2018 over a period of 36 years. These data sets were imported in ArcGIS 10.3, ERDAS Imagine and IDRIS Selva, satellite image processing softwares to create a false colour composite (FCC), supervised classification methodology was employed using maximum likelihood technique. The images of the study area were categorized into four different classes namely Core-urban, Peri-urban, Vegetation, water body. The results indicate that during the last thirty-six (36) years, Core-Urban land and water body have been increased by 2.74% (38.20 km2) and 0.98% (13.69 km2) while Peri-Urban land, and vegetation cover have decreased by 0.35% (5.00 km2), and 3.36 % (46.87 km2), respectively. The results quantify the land cover change patterns in the city and its peripheral area and demonstrate the potential of multitemporal Landsat data to provide an accurate, economical means to map and analyse changes in land cover over time that can be used as inputs to land management and policy decisions.
Strengthening Communication and Information Capacities in Malawi: Case of the Malawi National Commission for UNESCO
Authors: Kondowe Emmanuel
Published: October 2021

UNESCO is the only United Nations (UN) agency to have a global network of national cooperating bodies known as National  Commissions. The National Commissions are part of the overall constitutional architecture of the organization as it was conceived by its founders. Presently, National Commissions operate in all Member States of UNESCO. They constitute a truly global family which includes a vast network of stakeholders, partners and experts. They offer a comparative advantage to the organisation within the United Nations system. Article VII (1) of the UNESCO Constitution stipulates that “Each Member State shall make such arrangements as suit its particular conditions for the purpose of associating its principal bodies interested in educational, scientific and cultural matters with the work of the organisation, preferably by the formation of a National Commission broadly  representative of the government and such bodies” (UNESCO 2020:15). Thus, it is the constitutional obligation of each Member State to set up a National cooperating body (National Commission) or make such institutional arrangements whose principal  objective is facilitating involvement of various government Ministries, Organisations and Agencies (MOAs), institutions, universities, NGOs and individuals in the work of the Organisation. While the realisation of UNESCO’s goals is primarily entrusted in  governments, the National Commissions are expected to function as an indispensable platform where national interests, ideas and cultures are represented and interact. This review describes the contribution of the Malawi National Commission for UNESCO to strengthening communication and information capacities in Malawi to fill a perceived gap in information among some stakeholders both within and outside Malawi.
Challenges associated with the delivery of development projects within the decentralised government system: views of selected stakeholders in the Shama District, Ghana
Authors: Odoom Daniel , Agyepong Lawrencia , Mensah Francis Kojo , Opoku Ernest , Amoabeng Yaw Owusu
Published: October 2021

Decentralisation policy is important in ensuring effective delivery of development services at the local level. Governments across the globe utilize decentralised government system as a way of promoting people-centered development. Notwithstanding the value of decentralisation policy, governments struggle with the provision of development services at the local level. This suggests that more efforts need to be made to ensure the realisation of the dividends of decentralisation. However, this cannot be made without an  awareness of the challenges local actors face in the delivery of development services. This paper examines the views of stakeholders on the challenges associated with the delivery of development projects within the Ghanaian decentralised government system using the Shama District as a case in order to proffer some measures to improve the situation in the country using the sequential-explanatory mixed method design. Data were collected using interview guide and interview schedule. The study revealed that stakeholder management, involvement of project managers, defining project goals, assigning roles and responsibilities to key  officers, and monitoring and evaluation of projects were some of the measures the Assembly had put in place for the delivery of development projects in the district. However, communication was a serious challenge throughout the delivery of development projects in the district. The implications of the key findings for development communication have been highlighted in the study. As part of the recommendations of the study, the Assembly should put in place adequate measures to improve communication  throughout the various stages of development service delivery in the district.
Herbicide toxicity awareness among smallholder farmers and agriculture extension officers in Malawi
Authors: Manda Levi Zeleza
Published: October 2021

Using evidence from field key informant and written questionnaire interviews with agriculture extension officers, focus group discussions with some smallholder farmers, analysis of packaging labels, and a detailed literature review, this paper argues that Malawian smallholder farmers handle herbicides without adequate information about the advantages and negative impacts of such herbicides because, it appears, the agriculture extension workers themselves lack requisite knowledge on herbicide toxicity. Further, the study finds that herbicides are marketed in Malawi in breach of Malawian law and in contravention of the Rotterdam Convention as the information on the herbicide labels is sometimes inadequate, misleading, and unavailable in local languages. This exposes farmers to potentially carcinogenic chemicals without their knowledge. The paper recommends, inter alia, that an awareness campaign about the long term harmful effects of herbicides be mounted countrywide and internationally to protect illiterate smallholder farmers from herbicide toxicity.
Chemical composition and anticancer effects of Zingiber officinale volatile oil
Authors: Imade R.O. , Ayinde B.A. , Choudhary M.I. , Alam A.
Published: October 2021

Zingiber officinale rhizome is used in ethnomedicine in treating tumor-related ailments. This study was undertaken to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of this plant. The oil was extracted using a Clavenger apparatus by hydro-distillation method. Preliminary screening was carried out with brine shrimp cytotoxicity test at 10-1000 µg/mL. The volatile oil was further tested on breast cancer (AU 565) and cervical cancer (HeLa) at 50 µg /mL using MTT assay and later subjected to GCMS analysis. LC50 of 157.75 µg/mL was obtained in the brine shrimp mortality assay. Z. officinale oil showed high anticancer activities with 50 and 43 % inhibitions against HeLa and AU 565 cells respectively. GCMS analysis revealed the major constituents of Z. officinale oil as a-citral (11.68 %) and a-citral (10.18 %). These results suggest the medicinal potency of this plant oil.
The strategy of state formation of Islam after the fall of the Ottoman Caliphate (In the context of thoughts of Maulana Obaidullah Sindhi and thoughts of Allama Dr. Muhammad Iqbal)
Authors: Ahmed Ali Shah، Manzoor Ahmed
Published: October 2021

The first revelation from the Prophet (SAW) was received in 610 A.D. and after the migration to Madinah in 622 A.D., the state of Madinah was established. Thereafter, the four Muslim caliphates (Khilafah Rashida, Khilafah Banu Umayyad, Khilafah Banu Abbas and Khilafah Banu Uthman) formulated a global system of welfare for all humanity without distinction of colour, race, religion or creed for about twelve centuries. At the same time, this global system based on the state authority of the religion of Islam is falling prey to global imperialist and tyrannical conspiracies. Now, what will be the form of national and international state domination of the religion of Islam? Attempts have been made to trace the views of two eminent thinkers, Maulana Obaidullah Sindhi (1872-1944) and Allama Dr Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938).
COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on the Performance of Educational Process: From Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Student
Authors: Ullah Minhaj , Khan Shakeel , Hamid Bushra , Khattak Afifa Anjum
Published: October 2021

The following research paper emblazons the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the education sectors of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa University and Colleges students. Data has been collected through Google form, (due to COVID-19 SOP’s) from students. Research Population includes 568 students from different universities programmes and semesters that have presented their views about effect of study in COVID-19 Pandemic. The overall output of the survey highlighted that majority of students were not aware about the digital tools, which they are now apprised of, which according to them will help them in the future career. Majority of the students negate the online classes due to, lack of resources, time issues and no internet facility or the students that devoid of  any practical work repealed it. Main problem that has been highlighted is Internet connection problem in newly merged District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Lack of a satisfactory substructure, learning motivation, socialization for majority students, hindrances to perform practical applications, less effective student-teacher interaction and communication, less achievements of the examination objective, online examination e.g., lack of two way communication, more chances of cheating, possibility of mental health and physical deprivation (e.g., spending too much time in front of screens, installation of a deskbound routine. Therefore communication for the contemporary academic year, effective and efficient measures have to be imposed by the university management to solve all the students’ issues (internet issues and relevant data availability) and waive off as much as possible these undesirable issues and to develop a better online education process.
Analisa Faktor Pendukung Vicious Circle of Poverty di Masyarakat Nelayan
Authors: Setyawati Lutvia Resta , Avhanti Anneke Sri , Novarianti Ariska Dian
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe wealth of marine resources in Indonesia does not necessarily guarantee the welfare of the fishing community. Poor fishermen in rich seas are a negative stigma attached to our maritime world. This study aims to reveal the supporting factors of the vicious circle of poverty that ensnares fishermen in the country. The researcher used a descriptive qualitative approach and literature study to obtain an appropriate description of the data. The results of the study show five factors that support fishermen's poverty, including the patron-client system, the economic impact of destructive and overfishing, environmental damage, low infrastructure quality, and negative perceptions of the fishing profession.Keywords: the vicious circle of poverty, fishing community, archipelagic state.Kekayaan sumber daya kelautan di Indonesia secara faktual ternyata tidak serta-merta menjamin kesejahteraan hidup masyarakat nelayan. Nelayan miskin di laut yang kaya adalah stigma negatif yang melekat di dunia kemaritiman kita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap faktor-faktor pendukung vicious circle of poverty yang menjerat para nelayan di tanah air. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dan studi literatur untuk mendapatkan penggambaran data yang sesuai. Hasil studi menunjukkan lima faktor yang mendukung kemiskinan nelayan diantaranya adalah sistem patron-klien, dampak ekonomis dari destructive and over fishing, kerusakan lingkungan, kualitas infrastruktur yang rendah, dan persepsi negatif mengenai profesi nelayan.Kata Kunci: lingkaran setan kemiskinan, masyarakat nelayan, negara kepulauan.
Perubahan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Petani Pasca Banjir Bandang di Desa Meli Kecamatan Baebunta Kabupaten Luwu Utara
Authors: Jamin Nur Hawa , Risfaisal Risfaisal
Published: October 2021

Perubahan Sosial Ekonomi adalah Perbedaan situasi dan kondisi dari biasanya yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya akibat dari beberapa faktor yang melatarbelakangi perubahan tersebut misalnya faktor dari luar yaitu terjadinya bencana alam seperti banjir bandang yang menyapu seluruh persawahan masyarakat sehingga masyarakat harus melakukan relokasi pekerjaan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. tujuan utama dari penelitian ini untuk mencari tahu tentang dampak dan solusi mengatasi kondisi sosial ekonomi petani sawah sebelum dan sesudah terjadinya bencana banjir bandang di Desa Meli Kecamatan Baebunta Kabupaten Luwu Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa besarnya volume banjir bandang membuat banyak nya kerugian dan kerusakan yang dialami masyarakat Desa Meli. Melihat dampak yang dialami. Masyarakat dan pemerintah telah berupaya melakukan proses pemulihan ekonomi masyarakat Desa Meli  secara pribadi dan juga bekerja sama.
Estudo e avaliação de rebolo híbrido constituído de grãos abrasivos óxido de alumínio (Al2O3) e carbeto de silício (SiC) para retificação de aço SAE 1045 e latão C360
Authors: Barros Eduardo Pereira de , Candioto Katia Cristiane Gandolpho , Conceição Monique Osorio Talarico da
Published: October 2021

De uma maneira geral, as ferramentas abrasivas podem ser definidas quanto às variações de produção e desempenho basicamente manipulando três elementos distintos no projeto da ferramenta abrasiva: grão abrasivo, ligante e porosidade. Desta forma é possível a variação do triângulo de constituição de um rebolo de maneira que ele se adapte a operação e ao material a ser retificado. Para realização deste estudo foi utilizado ferramentas abrasivas constituídas de variações de óxido de alumínio (Al2O3) e carbeto de silício (SiC) na retificação de corpos de prova produzidas em aço SAE 1045 e latão C360. Os rebolos abrasivos foram produzidos utilizando variações de grãos (óxido de alumínio e carbeto de silício) desde o grão puro até proporções de 25, 50 e 75 % de mistura. Os corpos de prova foram cortados no comprimento de 100 mm provenientes de uma barra única de secção 12,4 x 50 mm. Foram empregadas as seguintes técnicas experimentais: microscopia óptica (MO), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), medição do módulo de elasticidade (Sonelastic), termometria laser e rugosimetria, com o objetivo de evidenciar as diferenças de acabamento, rugosidade e danos superficiais causados pelas diferentes combinações de grãos utilizadas. Também foi realizado a medição de potência consumida (FIS) durante o processo de retificação com o propósito de identificar qual rebolo apresenta o menor consumo de energia. Após as análises dos resultados verificou que a melhor combinação de grãos abrasivos foi de 25% Al2O3 e 75% SiC, tal rebolo apresentou um bom acabamento superficial e menor temperatura durante o processo de retificação o que gerou no menor consumo de energia. Para a condição de desbaste de velocidade de avanço trasnversal igual a 0,15m/s os resultados obtidos pelo rebolo considerado o de melhor desempenho foram de 102 °C de temperatura máxima, 3,9 µm de rugosidade média e 4,2 KW de consumo de potência para o aço SAE 1045 e 52 °C de temperatura máxima, 4,0 µm de rugosidade média e 0,5 KW de consumo de potência para o latão C360. Para a condição de acabamento de 0,07m/s os resultados obtidos pelo rebolo considerado o de melhor desempenho foram de 140 °C de temperatura máxima, 3,2 µm de rugosidade média e 1,0 KW de consumo de potência para o aço SAE 1045 e 53 °C de temperatura máxima, 4,0 µm de rugosidade média e 0,3 KW de consumo de potência para o latão C360.
Formação de professores para EaD: o TPACK como caminho possível
Authors: Costa Fernanda de Jesus , Pessoa Gustavo Pereira , Nogueira Isabela Silva , Braga Laura Maria
Published: October 2021

A Educação a distância (EaD) tem sua oferta ampliada a cada dia. A facilidade de acesso e a flexibilidade são dois dos principais atrativos. Porém o que se observa, no concerne a abordagem pedagógica nos cursos nesta modalidade é uma tendência a reproduzir o modelo de educação presencial. Entendemos que a EaD possui característica próprias, e deve ter metodologias de ensino que contemplem sua singularidade. Neste âmbito, entendemos que a formação docente é o melhor caminho para transformar as práticas pedagógicas da EaD, e percebemos na proposta do Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) um caminho promissor para formar este docente. O TPACK propõe uma reflexão baseada em três domínios, através desta interação o docente seleciona o conteúdo a ser trabalhado, a estratégia pedagógica e o recurso tecnológico  utilizado. Propomos neste trabalho que a formação docente incorpore o TPACK em seu processo formativo buscando estimular o futuro docente a perceber a interação entre os três domínios propostos e preparar ações pedagógicos que levem em consideração as particularidades da EaD.
Qualidade e estilo de vida de produtores de leite em propriedades rurais de um município do Cone Sul de Rondônia
Authors: Moura Wellington Nascimento , Rempel Claudete , Koetz Lydia Christmann Espindola
Published: October 2021

O objetivo do estudo é analisar a percepção de produtores de leite do município de Vilhena, situado no Cone Sul de Rondônia, sobre qualidade e estilo de vida. A pesquisa, com perfil quali-quantitativo e de corte transversal, foi realizada com 42 produtores de leite (19 mulheres e 23 homens). Foi avaliada a qualidade de vida, com a utilização do instrumento Whoqol-bref e o estilo de vida, com a utilização do questionário do pentáculo do bem-estar.  A média dos escores de qualidade de vida no domínio físico foi de 54,9 ±12,3; domínio psicológico 62,5 ±17,5; domínio social 59,3 ±19,1; domínio ambiental 55,1 ±14,3.  Já os cinco componentes do estilo de vida tiveram os seguintes escores: alimentação 1,5 ±05; atividade física 2,1 ±0,7; comportamento preventivo 1,8 ±0,5; relacionamentos 1,9 ±0,6; controle do estresse 1,8 ±0,6. Há correlação forte, positiva e significativa entre a qualidade de vida e o estilo de vida dos participantes da pesquisa (r = 0,73; p < 0,0001). É possível inferir que 53% do estilo de vida determina a qualidade de vida. Não há diferença estatística significativa no estilo de vida de homens e mulheres produtoras rurais (t = 0,57; p = 0,57) e também não há diferença na qualidade de vida de homens e mulheres produtoras (t = -0,22; p = 0,83).  A maioria dos produtores (67%) consideram sua qualidade vida “nem ruim nem boa” nos aspectos físico e ambiental. Já quanto ao estilo de vida, o componente “alimentação” apresentou os menores escores.
Camada limite em superfícies lisas e inclinadas: revisitando o método da similaridade
Authors: Ferreira Soares Marcus Vinícius , Nogueira Élcio , Gomes Pimentel Luiz Cláudio
Published: October 2021

A análise tem como principal objetivo revisar e discutir os princípios do método da similaridade aplicado para camada limite em superfícies lisas e inclinadas, em regime laminar e regime turbulento. A ênfase se aplica aos aspectos teóricos relacionados com o conceito de similaridade, mas resultados foram obtidos com o objetivo de se comparar com fórmulas empíricas e resultados experimentais. Os aspectos relacionados com regime laminar têm como base o profundo estudo efetuado por Evans (1968), e em regime turbulento o texto de Kays e Crawford (1983). Foram obtidos resultados para perfis de velocidade e temperatura, e grandezas associadas, tais como coeficiente de atrito e número de Stanton, em função do parâmetro de gradiente de pressão e número de Prandtl. Soluções integrais, aproximadas, para camada limite turbulenta foram implementadas através da equação integral da quantidade de movimento, onde todas as propriedades do fluido foram consideradas constantes. Objetivo secundário é apresentar os aspectos principais do problema analisado por Falkner e Skan (1931), com foco no método da similaridade. Aplicamos o método de Runge-Kutta, a partir da expansão em série de potência como primeira aproximação para a solução. Focamos nossa apresentação nos procedimentos associados ao método da similaridade, apesar de apresentarmos resultados, numéricos e gráficos, em número suficiente para enfatizar a consistência dos mesmos quando aplicados para determinação de parâmetros relacionados às camadas limite térmica e hidrodinâmica, em superfícies lisas.
Verificação da influência da temperatura e da concentração de cloreto férrico na usinagem fotoquímica do aço inoxidável 304
Authors: Souza Adair Gomes de , Ferreira Carlos Alberto Martins
Published: October 2021

Os aços inoxidáveis por apresentar alta resistência à corrosão em meios oxidantes são de grande uso na indústria e como meio de decoração devido a sua aparência e acabamento superficial. Outra utilização dos aços inoxidáveis tem sido na indústria de confecção de produtos decorativos, de placas de identificação, placas comemorativas, de homenagens, joias, etiquetas metálicas e de peças para micro engenharia pelo processo de usinagem fotoquímica, onde o metal é preparado e atacado com solução de cloreto férrico gerando altas taxa de corrosão no metal em áreas definidas, dando forma às peças. O presente trabalho objetiva estudar o aço 304, como material usado na usinagem fotoquímica, atacado com solução de cloreto férrico em diferentes concentrações e temperaturas. Para este trabalho, foram realizadas curvas de polarização anódica para se conhecer o potencial de pite do aço 304 em solução de cloreto férrico nas concentrações 13%, 20%, 30% e 40% e temperaturas de 25 °C, 35°C e 50°C. Foram analisadas as imagens das amostras após o ataque com solução de cloreto férrico. Observa-se que quanto maior a concentração da solução corrosiva e a temperatura, maior a densidade e o tamanho dos pites formados nas amostras. Os ensaios realizados mostram que, quanto maior a concentração da solução corrosiva e a temperatura, mais eficiente será o processo de usinagem fotoquímica do aço 304.
Estudo de nitretação líquida, têmpera e revenido do aço P20 para moldes de injeção de polímeros
Authors: Marín Juliane Carrera , Sirqueira Alex da Silva , Souza Mauro Carlos Lopes , Monine Vladimir Ivanovitch , Italo Italo de Carvalho
Published: October 2021

O aço AISI P20 é utilizado no processo de moldagem por injeção de polímero. A alta produção desse tipo de molde e a demanda de um material resistente motivou o estudo da resistência, microestrutura e dureza. Três tratamentos térmicos foram realizados, respectivamente, para Têmpera, Revenido e Nitretação Líquida, a fim de se observar o método mais eficiente, com o menor custo, considerando o tempo para alcançar as melhores características. Foram utilizadas quatro amostras. O primeiro serviu de padrão e não sofreu nenhum tipo de tratamento. O segundo foi submetido apenas à nitretação líquida. O terceiro foi para têmpera e revenido, e o quarto foi têmpera e revenido, seguido de nitretação líquida. As amostras foram lixadas e polidas para tratamento térmico e termoquímico. Após os tratamentos térmicos, a dureza do Rockel C atingiu valores de 40 HRC. Em microscopia óptica, as micrografias revelaram a presença de martensita produzida na têmpera, responsável pela alta dureza alcançada. A camada nitretada foi visualizada e medida. As amostras temperadas, revenidas e nitretadas atingiram uma dureza de 50 HRC, provando que a nitretação aumentou a dureza, na superfície. A medição, por difração de raios-X, mostrou baixo nível de tensões residuais geradas pela têmpera, da ordem 25 MPa.
Análise da Viabilidade de implantação da NBR ISO 9001, versão 2015 em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior no Município de Lorena/SP
Authors: Malerba Fernandes Luiz Fernando Vargas , Prado André Alves , Ribeiro Rosinei Batista
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a viabilidade da Certificação ISO 9001, versão 2015 em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES), por meio da padronização de processos, a fim de aumentar a satisfação dos clientes buscando a melhoria contínua dos serviços prestados, proporcionando uma maior organização interna, e reduzindo o tempo nas atividades fins. A metodologia do trabalho engloba os aspectos relacionados com a escolha metodológica aplicada que baseia-se na pesquisa empírica que teve como meta observar as atividades desenvolvidas por setores da instituição de ensino estudada, mapear os fluxos de trabalho e propor por meio do fluxograma de processos, nova forma de prática administrativa baseando-se na implantação do Sistema de Gestão da Qualidade - SGQ no departamento pertencente à IES localizado no município de Lorena-SP. Será realizado a análise de dados obtidos por meio da criação do mapeamento via fluxograma de processos e aplicado o clico PDCA (Planejar, Desenvolver, Checar e Agir) a fim de propor melhoria para o setor. Portanto, observou-se que todo o mapeamento dos processos utilizando o fluxograma, foi importante para a análise e diagnóstico das não conformidades dos processos, além da aplicação do ciclo PDCA que propôs melhoria contínua dos processos administrativas e ações corretivas para as atividades.