bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grow fast, die young: Does compensatory growth reduce survival of juvenile blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus) in the western Gulf of Mexico?
Authors: Matich Philip , Plumlee Jeffrey D. , Fisher Mark
Published: November 2021

Effective conservation and management necessitate an understanding of the ecological mechanisms that shape species life histories in order to predict how variability in natural and anthropogenic impacts will alter growth rates, recruitment, and survival. Among these mechanisms, the interaction between parturition timing and prey availability frequently influences offspring success, particularly when postnatal care is absent. Here, we assess how parturition timing and nursery conditions, including prey abundance and environmental conditions, influence the growth and potential survival of blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus) in western Gulf of Mexico (GOM) estuaries over their first year. Catch data from long‐term gillnet monitoring allowed for clear delineation of cohorts based on size frequency distribution plots, and showed that late parturition cohorts born in estuaries with fewer prey resources exhibited more rapid growth than early parturition cohorts that experienced more abundant prey. Compensatory behaviors that promoted accelerated growth led to reduced second year residency, likely due to reduced survival resultant from greater risk taking and potentially due to reduced site fidelity attributed to larger body size. Water temperatures influenced blacktip growth rates through physiological increases in metabolism and potential premigratory foraging cues associated with cooling temperatures. Gradual warming of the GOM (0.03°C year−1) was also correlated with earlier parturition across the study period (1982–2017), similar to other migratory species. Considering current trends in climate and associated phenological shifts in many animals, testing hypotheses assessing compensatory growth‐risk trade‐offs is important moving forward to predict changes in life histories and associated recruitment in concert with current and future conservation actions, like wildlife management.
Compartment‐specific 13C metabolic flux analysis reveals boosted NADPH availability coinciding with increased cell‐specific productivity for IgG1 producing CHO cells after MTA treatment
Authors: Wijaya Andy Wiranata , Verhagen Natascha , Teleki Attila , Takors Ralf
Published: November 2021

Increasing cell‐specific productivities (CSPs) for the production of heterologous proteins in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells is an omnipresent need in the biopharmaceutical industry. The novel additive 5′‐deoxy‐5′‐(methylthio)adenosine (MTA), a chemical degradation product of S‐(5′‐adenosyl)‐ʟ‐methionine (SAM) and intermediate of polyamine biosynthesis, boosts the CSP of IgG1‐producing CHO cells by 50%. Compartment‐specific 13C flux analysis revealed a fundamental reprogramming of the central metabolism after MTA addition accompanied by cell‐cycle arrest and increased cell volumes. Carbon fluxes into the pentose‐phosphate pathway increased 22 fold in MTA‐treated cells compared to that in non‐MTA‐treated reference cells. Most likely, cytosolic ATP inhibition of phosphofructokinase mediated the carbon detour. Mitochondrial shuttle activity of the α‐ketoglurarate/malate antiporter (OGC) reversed, reducing cytosolic malate transport. In summary, NADPH supply in MTA‐treated cells improved three fold compared to that in non‐MTA‐treated cells, which can be regarded as a major factor for explaining the boosted CSPs.
Subsequent full publication of qualitative studies presented at United Kingdom Royal College of Nursing Research Conference 2015 and 2016: A follow‐up study
Authors: Toews Ingrid , Nyirenda John L. Z. , Stadelmaier Julia , Schwarzer Guido , Noyes Jane , Booth Andrew , Lewin Simon , Meerpohl Joerg J.
Published: November 2021

A considerable proportion of quantitative research remains unpublished once completed. Little research has documented non‐dissemination and dissemination bias in qualitative research. This study aimed to generate evidence on the extent of non‐dissemination in qualitative research. We followed a cohort of qualitative studies presented as conference abstracts to ascertain their subsequent publication status. We searched for subsequent full publication in MEDLINE, in the Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature and in Google Scholar. We matched abstracts to subsequent publications according to authors, method of data collection and phenomenon of interest. Fisher's exact test was calculated to examine associations between study characteristics and publication. Factors potentially associated with time to publication were evaluated with Cox regression analysis. For 91 of 270 included abstracts (33.70%; 95% CI 28.09%–39.68%), no full publication was identified. Factors that were found to be associated with subsequent full publication were oral presentation (OR 4.62; 95% CI 2.43–8.94) and university affiliation (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.05–3.66). Compared to oral presentations, studies presented as posters took longer time to reach full publication (hazard ratio 0.35, 95% CI 0.21–0.58). This study shows that it was not possible to retrieve a full publication for over one‐third of abstracts. Our findings suggest that where this non‐dissemination is systematic, it may lead to distortions of the qualitative evidence‐base for decision‐making through dissemination bias. Our findings are congruent with those of other studies. Further research might investigate non‐dissemination of qualitative studies in other disciplines to consolidate our findings.
Divergent physiological and molecular responses of light‐ and iron‐limited Southern Ocean phytoplankton
Authors: Andrew Sarah M. , Strzepek Robert F. , M. Whitney Spencer , Chow Wah Soon , Ellwood Michael J.
Published: November 2021

It has recently been shown that Southern Ocean phytoplankton species have evolved to optimize their light‐harvesting potential without increasing the high iron‐requiring proteins used for photosynthesis. We measured molecular and physiological responses of phytoplankton cultures under a combination of iron and light conditions. While iron‐replete cultures mostly increased biovolume, photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and the relative abundance of photosystem II (PSII) and Cytochrome b6f protein compared to iron‐limited cultures, light also regulated cellular chlorophyll a content and played a role in controlling PSII protein abundance. Investment of protein resources into the carbon fixing enzyme Ribulose 1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (Rubisco) was species‐specific, but increased growth rates correlated with increased investment into Rubisco for all species. Our results suggest that Proboscia inermis uses a divergent molecular strategy to compete for nutrients, light, and CO2 in the Southern Ocean.
Cultural worldviews consistently explain bundles of ecosystem service prioritisation across rural Germany
Authors: Peter Sophie , Le Provost Gaëtane , Mehring Marion , Müller Thomas , Manning Peter
Published: November 2021

Differences in ecosystem service (ES) priorities often lead to conflicts between stakeholders. While differences in priorities have often been described, the sociocultural factors, including differences in cultural worldview, which drive them have not. We propose that the cultural theory of risk and its ‘grid‐group’ typology, which classifies people as individualists, hierarchists, egalitarians and fatalists, can provide a conceptual framework for doing this.

We examined the relationship between ES prioritisation by stakeholders and underlying cultural (cultural worldviews, and related environmental nature and risk perceptions), sociocultural (region, stakeholder group, political party preference) and socio‐demographic factors. This was achieved by applying multivariate statistics to data from a survey with 321 respondents, conducted across 14 stakeholder groups in three German regions.

Results show that most stakeholders prioritised many services but gave the highest priority to services linked to their stakeholder group. We identified four ‘ES priority bundles’: cultural services, open‐land provisioning services, environmental protection services and forest provisioning services.

Each ES priority bundle was consistently associated with particular cultural worldviews, perceptions of nature and sociocultural factors, meaning that we could identify ‘cultural types’. Two of these associations were particularly strong: Prioritisation of open‐land provisioning ES was high for the agriculture stakeholder group, associated with individualism, a perception of nature as durable but unpredictable, and support for economic liberal, conservative political parties. In contrast, those who prioritised environmental protection tended to hold egalitarian cultural worldviews and perceive nature as tolerant and sensitive. They also often belonged to the research and nature conservation stakeholder groups, with a mostly left‐leaning political party preference.

The identification of cultural types of stakeholder with consistent ES priorities and cultural worldviews may provide a useful construct in the future ES research. Furthermore, it may allow communications regarding ES to be tailored to improve their effectiveness, potentially aiding the promotion of sustainable management strategies.

A freePlain Language Summarycan be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
A note on point estimation and interval estimation of the relative treatment effect under a simple crossover design
Authors: Lin Chii‐Dean , Lui Kung‐Jong
Published: November 2021

To increase power or reduce the number of patients needed for a parallel groups design, the crossover design has been often used to study treatments for noncurable chronic diseases. However, in the presence of carry‐over effect caused by treatments, the commonly‐used estimator which ignores the carry‐over effect leads to a biased estimator for estimating the treatment effect difference. A two‐stage test approach aimed to address carry‐over effect proposed was found to be potentially misleading. In this paper, we propose a weighted average of the commonly‐used estimator and an unbiased estimator that uses only the first period of the data. We derive an optimal weight that minimizes the mean squared error (MSE) and its modified estimator. We apply Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the performance of the proposed estimators in a variety of situations. In the simulations, we examine the estimated MSE (EMSE), percentile interval length, and coverage probability calculated from the percentile intervals among considered estimators. Simulation results show that our proposed weighted average estimator and its modified estimator lead to smaller EMSEs on average comparing to the two commonly used estimators. The coverage probabilities using our proposed estimators are reasonably close to the nominal confidence level and the interval lengths are shorter comparing to the use of the unbiased estimator that uses only the first period of the data. We apply an example that was to evaluate the efficacy of two type of bronchodilators for asthma treatment to demonstrate the use of the proposed estimators.
Multiplexing Nanodrug Ameliorates Liver Fibrosis via ROS Elimination and Inflammation Suppression
Authors: Xu Youcui , Chen Jing , Jiang Wei , Zhao Yangyang , Yang Chen , Wu Yi , Li Qianming , Zhu Chen
Published: November 2021

Liver fibrosis is the leading risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Both oxidative stress and inflammation promote the progression of liver fibrosis, but existing therapeutic strategies tend to focus solely on one issue. Additionally, targeting of pathological microstructures is often neglected. Herein, an esterase‐responsive carbon quantum dot‐dexamethasone (CD‐Dex) is developed for liver fibrosis therapy to simultaneously target pathological microstructures, scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), and suppress inflammation. Hepatocyte‐targeting CD‐Dex can efficiently eliminate the intrahepatic ROS, thereby inhibiting the activation of Kupffer cells, preventing further inflammation progression. Moreover, released dexamethasone (Dex) also suppresses inflammatory response by inhibiting the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Antifibrotic experiments demonstrate that CD‐Dex significantly alleviates liver injury and collagen deposition, consequently preventing the progression of liver fibrosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that via ROS elimination and inflammation suppression, the newly developed multiplexing nanodrug exhibits great potential in liver fibrosis therapy.
Characteristics of a novel lightweight concrete
Authors: Saidani Messaoud , Olubanwo Adegoke , Khorami Morteza
Published: November 2021

The growing need to reduce dead weight of structural elements to allow long spanning structures, has always been a key driver in the construction industry's quest to finding materials that can lead to such accomplishments. This paper is concerned with investigating the mechanical properties of a novel lightweight cementitious material made from a mix of sand, cement, water, and admixture. It is environmentally friendly, requiring less cement consumption, self‐leveling, and free flowing with potential for structural use in construction. A rigorous experimental testing programme is carried to determine the mechanical properties of the material. Two sets of mixes of target densities 1810 and 1600 kg/m3 were prepared and tested. The results showed that the admixture improved the properties of the material such as its compressive and flexural strengths. The material can be utilized as a structural member since it gained strength values above 20 MPa after 28 days.
Ruminating on rudeness: Exploring veterinarians’ experiences of client incivility
Authors: Irwin Amy , Hall Dionne , Ellis Hannah
Published: November 2021

Background

Interactions with clients have been identified as a key potential stressor within veterinary practice. However, there is a lack of research investigating the experience, and impact, of specific behaviours, such as incivility. The current study aimed to address this literature gap by investigating veterinarian perceptions of client rudeness.

Method

Telephone interviews (n = 18) were used to gather qualitative data regarding veterinarian perceptions of client rudeness. This encompassed description of an uncivil interaction, potential causes of incivility, the impact on the veterinarian and coping strategies.

Results

The results indicate that veterinarians are exposed to a range of rude behaviours from clients, with suggested causal attributions spanning financial concerns, stress and worry. Adverse consequences associated with uncivil interactions included increased stress, mental health impacts and withdrawal from clients. Responses to incivility encompassed proactive pre‐planning, empathy and clear communication. Support from colleagues was important to enable reflection and coping, alongside individual strategies, such as self‐care.

Conclusion

Client incivility has the potential to adversely impact veterinarians. Appraisal of potential external causes for rudeness could facilitate constructive responses to client incivility and support coping. This should be combined with emotional support from colleagues to mitigate any negative consequences following uncivil client interactions.
Chapter 7: Prospects for Agri-Food Trade Between Russia and China
Authors: Zhou Jiayi
Published: November 2021

China features prominently in Russia’s medium-term export targets and is also considered to be an important investment partner for developing agriculture in the Russian Far East. Meanwhile, China is seeking to mitigate economic risks by diversifying import supply channels; Russia features as one such supplier. However, this chapter cautions that the agricultural and food trade relationship remains vulnerable to a range of operational, technical, and policy hurdles. These obstacles dovetail with political imperatives on both sides for self-sufficiency, which limits the scope for trade. Thus, China is and will continue to be an expanding market for Russian agricultural goods, but there are tenuous realities in terms of concrete cooperation.
Introduction and Overview
Authors: Jinji Naoto , Zhang Xingyuan , Haruna Shoji
Published: November 2021

The world economy was severely hit by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. It was estimated that the annual growth in the world’s real gross domestic product (GDP) in 2020 would be $$-3.3$$

-
3.3

% (International Monetary Fund (IMF) 2021). World trade simultaneously contracted sharply.
Do Deep Regional Trade Agreements Enhance International Technology Spillovers? Depth, Breadth, and Heterogeneity
Authors: Jinji Naoto , Zhang Xingyuan , Haruna Shoji
Published: November 2021

In Chap. 5, we examine the relationship between bilateral trade patterns and international technology spillovers. In Chap. 6, we analyze how horizontal and vertical foreign direct investment (FDI) of multinational enterprises (MNEs) affects technology spillovers between themselves and firms in host countries. Both chapters analyze the issues from theoretical and empirical points of view. Each chapter shows that international trade or FDI is an important channel of international technology spillovers, but the effect on them is heterogeneous, depending on the type of trade patterns or the structure of FDI. In both chapters we measure technology spillovers using patent citation data.
Numerical simulation and optimization of fine-blanking process for copper alloy sheet
Authors: Kuo Chun-Chih , Liu Kuo-Wang , Li Tse-Chang , Wu Dai-You , Lin Bor-Tsuen
Published: November 2021

When the fine-blanking process is used, secondary grinding or processing can be omitted because the shear surface of fine-blanking parts can achieve almost zero fracture zone requirements. The primary objective of the fine-blanking process is to reduce the fracture zone depth and die roll zone width. This study used a 2.5-mm-thick central processing unit (CPU) thermal heat spreader as an example. Finite element analysis software was employed to simulate and optimize the main eight process parameters that affect the fracture zone depth and die roll zone width after fine-blanking: the V-ring shape angle, V-ring height of the blank holder, V-ring height of the cavity, V-ring position, blank holder force, counter punch force, die clearance, and blanking velocity. Simulation analysis was conducted using the L18 (21 × 37) Taguchi orthogonal array experimental combination. The simulation results of the fracture zone depth and die roll zone width were optimized and analyzed as quality objectives using Taguchi’s smaller-the-better design. The analysis results revealed that with fracture zone depth as the quality objective, 0.164 mm was the optimal value, and counter punch force made the largest contribution of 25.89%. In addition, with die roll zone width as the quality objective, the optimal value was 1.274 mm, and V-ring height of the cavity made the largest contribution of 29.45%. Subsequently, this study selected fracture zone depth and die roll zone width as multicriteria quality objectives and used the robust multicriteria optimal approach and Pareto-optimal solutions to perform multicriteria optimization analysis. The results met the industry’s fraction zone depth standard (below 12% of blank thickness) and achieved a smaller die roll zone width.
Interpreting SAXS data recorded on cellulose rich pulps
Authors: Larsson Per Tomas , Stevanic-Srndovic Jasna , Roth Stephan V. , Söderberg Daniel
Published: November 2021

A simulation method was developed for modelling SAXS data recorded on cellulose rich pulps. The modelling method is independent of the establishment of separate form factors and structure factors and was used to model SAXS data recorded on dense samples. An advantage of the modelling method is that it made it possible to connect experimental SAXS data to apparent average sizes of particles and cavities at different sample solid contents. Experimental SAXS data could be modelled as a superposition of a limited number of simulated intensity components and gave results in qualitative agreement with CP/MAS 13C-NMR data recorded on the same samples. For the water swollen samples, results obtained by the SAXS modelling method and results obtained from CP/MAS 13C-NMR measurements, agreed on the ranking of particle sizes in the different samples. The SAXS modelling method is dependent on simulations of autocorrelation functions and the time needed for simulations could be reduced by rescaling of simulated correlation functions due to their independence of the choice of step size in real space. In this way an autocorrelation function simulated for a specific sample could be used to generate SAXS intensity profiles corresponding to all length scales for that sample and used for efficient modelling of the experimental data recorded on that sample.

Graphical abstract
Deep impact? Is mercury in dab (Limanda limanda) a marker for dumped munition? Results from munition dump site Kolberger Heide (Baltic Sea)
Authors: Kammann Ulrike , Aust Marc-Oliver , Siegmund Maike , Schmidt Nicole , Straumer Katharina , Lang Thomas
Published: November 2021

Dumped munitions contain various harmful substances which can affect marine biota like fish. One of them is mercury (Hg), included in the common explosive primer Hg fulminate. There is still a lack of knowledge whether dumped munitions impact the Hg concentrations in the Baltic Sea environment. This study aims to answer the question if dab caught at the dump site Kolberger Heide show higher Hg concentrations released from munition sources and whether Hg in fish is a usable marker for munition exposure. Therefore, a total of 251 individual dab (Limanda limanda) were analysed including 99 fish from the dump site. In fish from the Kolberger Heide, no elevated Hg concentrations were found compared to reference sites when age-dependent bioaccumulation of mercury was considered. Therefore we conclude that Hg in fish is no suitable indicator for exposure to munition dumping, e.g. in the frame of possible future monitoring studies as Hg exposure originating from dumped munition is only a small contributor to overall Hg exposure of fish.
Fresh insights into Mediterranean biodiversity: environmental DNA reveals spatio-temporal patterns of stream invertebrate communities on Sicily
Authors: Hupało Kamil , Schmidt Saskia , Macher Till-Hendrik , Weiss Martina , Leese Florian
Published: November 2021

The Mediterranean region with its islands is among the top biodiversity hotspots. It houses numerous freshwater taxa with a high rate of endemism, but is heavily impacted by anthropogenic pressures and global climate change. To conserve biodiversity, reliable data on species and genetic diversity are needed especially for the scarcely known insular freshwater ecosystems. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding provides a straight-forward opportunity to assess aquatic biodiversity. Therefore, we conducted the first eDNA metabarcoding study in one stream catchment on Sicily. Specifically, we aimed to (i) investigate spatial diversity patterns of macroinvertebrate communities, (ii) assess seasonal changes (autumn and winter), and (iii) check if dispersal barriers can be identified. Water samples were taken at 27 different sites in two seasons and eDNA metabarcoding was performed using a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene as a marker. In total, we detected 98 macroinvertebrate species, including 28 taxa potentially new to Sicily. Exact sequence variant and species composition data showed that diversity differed between seasons with less taxa detected in winter. We also detected a dispersal barrier, which had a stronger effect in autumn. Our findings show that eDNA metabarcoding provides valuable information on Sicilian freshwater biodiversity. We therefore encourage its application for understudied regions to better understand the state and dynamics of freshwater biodiversity.
The potential importance of soil denitrification as a major N loss pathway in intensive greenhouse vegetable production systems
Authors: Qasim Waqas , Zhao Yiming , Wan Li , Lv Haofeng , Lin Shan , Gettel Gretchen M. , Butterbach-Bahl Klaus
Published: November 2021

Background

About 30 % of vegetables in China are produced in intensively managed greenhouses comprising flood irrigation and extreme rates of nitrogen fertilizers. Little is known about denitrification N losses.

Methods

Soil denitrification rates were measured by the acetylene inhibition technique applied to anaerobically incubated soil samples. Four different greenhouse management systems were differentiated: Conventional flood irrigation and over-fertilization (CIF, 800 kg N ha−1, 460 mm); CIF plus straw incorporation (CIF+S, 889 kg N ha−1, 460 mm); Drip fertigation with reduced fertilizer application rates (DIF, 314 kg N ha−1, 190 mm); DIF plus straw incorporation (DIF+S, 403 kg N ha−1, 190 mm). Soil denitrification was measured on nine sampling dates during the growing season (Feb 2019-May 2019) for the top-/ subsoil (0 – 20/ 20- 40 cm) and on three sampling dates for deep soils (40-60/ 80-100 cm). Data was used to constrain N-input-output balances of the different vegetable production systems.

Results

Rates of denitrification were at least one magnitude higher in topsoil than in sub- and deep soils. Total seasonal denitrification N losses for the 0 – 40 cm soil layer ranged from 76 (DIF) to 422 kg N ha−1(CIF+S). Straw addition stimulated soil denitrification in top- and subsoil, but not in deep soil layers. Integrating our denitrification data (0-100 cm) with additional data on N leaching, N2O emissions, plant N uptake, and NH3volatilization showed, that on average 50 % of added N fertilizers are lost due to denitrification.

Conclusions

Denitrification is likely the dominant environmental N loss pathway in greenhouse vegetable production systems. Reducing irrigation and fertilizer application rates while incorporating straw in soils allows the reduction of accumulated nitrate.
Illustrating the Value of Critical Methodologies Through Third-sector Gender Studies: A Case for Pluralism
Authors: Dodge Jennifer , Eikenberry Angela M. , Coule Tracey M.
Published: November 2021

To encourage methodological pluralism in the field, this paper examines an illustrative sample of articles that apply critical approaches to third-sector studies focused on gender. Specifically, the paper analyzes three articles that were previously identified as among the most critical work on gender in the field between 1970 and 2009 to illustrate how critical research is produced and the value it brings to third-sector studies. We find this work: uncovers hidden assumptions and/or uncomfortable erasures that mask gender-based inequities and injustices; resists hegemonic scientific norms in doing and writing research; and rejects ‘woman’ as a uniform object of theorizing. We discuss against what methodological standards such work should be evaluated and suggest a wider understanding of these ‘alternative’ standards, which might derive significant benefits for the field through increased critical scholarship and the unique features it brings.
Contribution of revision amputation vs replantation for certain digits to functional outcomes after traumatic digit amputations: A comparative study based on multicenter prospective cohort
Authors: Zhu Hongyi , Wang Jianli , Gao Tao , Tian Maoyuan , Xia Lei , Cai Qianying , Zhang Changqing , Xu Yuben , Zheng Xianyou
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background

Traumatic digit amputations can result in significant impairment. Optimal surgical treatment is unclear for certain digits in various amputation patterns. Our aim was to compare the contribution of revision amputation vs replantation for each particular digit to functional outcomes.

Materials and methods

Prospective cohort study at three tertiary hospitals was conducted in China. Eligible participants were 3192 patients with traumatic digit amputations enrolled from January 1, 2014, to January 1, 2018. The primary outcome was Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ) scores 2 years after initial surgery. Secondary outcome was score on the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH).

Results

Of 3192 enrolled patients, 2890 completed the study. Main-effect linear regression showed that participants with replantation of thumb, index, long, and ring (proximal to the proximal interphalangeal [PIP] joint) fingers had significantly better MHQ scores compared to participants with the corresponding finger revision amputation. DASH results were comparable. Finger-finger interaction analyses conducted with multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) revealed that the small finger and ring finger had the smallest and greatest interactions with other fingers, respectively. After stratification by amputation level of thumb, index finger, or long finger, linear regression showed that replantation of the ring finger distal to the PIP joint resulted in better MHQ and DASH when the thumb or long finger was also traumatically amputated proximal to the IP/PIP joint.

Conclusions

Replantation of the thumb, index, long, and ring (proximal to PIP joint) fingers is preferable to revision amputation, regardless of amputation pattern. Replantation of the ring finger amputated distal to PIP was beneficial only when the thumb or long finger was amputated proximal to IP/PIP joint. Replantation or revision amputation of the small finger was indistinguishable in terms of functional outcome. Future investigations and clinical decisions should take into account the role of finger-finger interactions.

Highlights
The Flight of the All-One to the All-One: The φυγὴ μόνου πρὸς μόνον as the Basis of Plotinian Altruism
Authors: Tolan Daniel J.
Published: November 2021

It has become commonplace to contrast Plotinus’s spirituality with Christian spirituality by portraying the former as solipsistic and the latter as communal. In particular, this critique has centred around Plotinus’s description of mystical ascent as a “flight of the alone to the alone” and his presentation of Plato’s Phaedrus as an exhortation to “work on your own statue.” Yet, should one understand the One as a supreme unity, it would appear that the Plotinian unio mystica renders the mystic supremely unified with the rest of being. Accordingly, this article emphasizes Plotinus’s “inclusive monotheism” in order to argue that the “flight of the alone to the alone” should be understood as a movement towards the supreme unity that underlies reality. The unificatory effects of this ascent are emphasized by the way in which Plotinus, in both his life and works, depicts teaching as a common response to henosis. This didactic turn, it is argued, is a response to glimpsing the deep unity of reality, which expands the mystic’s sphere of concern to include the “other” as another self.
Episodic Memory Reliving and Personality
Authors: Ausmees Liisi , Realo Anu , Allik Jüri
Published: November 2021

Abstract. There are considerable individual differences in remembering past episodes. The current study aimed to examine the link between episodic memory reliving and the Five-Factor Model personality traits. Altogether 422 participants (67% women) described an autobiographical episode and rated the vividness and clarity of that recollection. Next, they assessed their general tendencies of autobiographical recollections, which resulted in two autobiographical episodic memory scores (AEMS) for each participant – episodic and general. Participants also filled in the Estonian version of the International Personality Item Pool NEO questionnaire. Findings from partial correlation analysis (controlling for age and gender) revealed distinguishable patterns of associations for the episodic and general-level reports of memory reliving: the episodic AEMS was positively associated with E4: Activity Level and E1: Friendliness, whereas the general AEMS was negatively correlated with N4: Self-Consciousness, and positively with E1: Friendliness, E6: Cheerfulness, O1: Imagination, O5: Intellect, C2: Orderliness, and C3: Dutifulness (all significant at p < .005). The associations between the general (but not the episodic) AEMS and personality facets were significantly correlated with the average social desirability ratings of the respective facets. We conclude that greater social adaptation together with the motivation of positive self-perception are plausible explanations of the links between personality traits and reporting the quality of reliving personal memories.
Unearthing the Cause of Slow Seismic Waves in Subduction Zones
Authors: Derouin Sarah
Published: November 2021

Researchers look to the fossil rock record to unearth the driving forces for variable seismic speed through subduction zones.
Bioactive Cationic Peptides as Potential Agents for Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Manrique-Moreno Marcela , Santa-González Gloria A , Gallego Vanessa
Published: November 2021

Breast cancer continues to affect millions of women worldwide, and the number of new cases dramatically increases every year. The physiological causes behind the disease are still not fully understood. One in every 100 cases can occur in men, and although the frequency is lower than among women, men tend to have a worse prognosis of the disease. Various therapeutic alternatives to combat the disease are available. These depend on the type and progress of the disease, and include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and cancer immunotherapy. However, there are several well-reported side effects of these treatments that have a significant impact on life quality, and patients either relapse or are refractory to treatment. This makes it necessary to develop new therapeutic strategies. One promising initiative are bioactive peptides, which have emerged in recent years as a family of compounds with an enormous number of clinical applications due to their broad spectrum of activity. They are widely distributed in several organisms as part of their immune system. The antitumoral activity of these peptides lies in a nonspecific mechanism of action associated with their interaction with cancer cell membranes, inducing, through several routes, bilayer destabilization and cell death. This review provides an overview of the literature on the evaluation of cationic peptides as potential agents against breast cancer under different study phases. First, physicochemical characteristics such as the primary structure and charge are presented. Secondly, information about dosage, the experimental model used, and the mechanism of action proposed for the peptides are discussed.
Host galaxy properties of X-ray active galactic nuclei in the local Universe
Authors: Koutoulidis L. , Mountrichas G. , Georgantopoulos I. , Pouliasis E. , Plionis M.
Published: November 2021

We study the host galaxy properties of active galactic nuclei (AGN) that have been detected in X-rays in the nearby Universe (z < 0.2). For that purpose, we use the catalogue provided by the ROSAT-2RXS in the 0.1–2.4 keV energy band, one of the largest X-ray datasets with spectroscopic observations. Our sample consists of ∼900 X-ray AGN. The catalogue provides classification of the sources into type 1 and 2 based on optical spectra. Approximately 25% of the AGN are type 2. We use the available optical, near-IR, and mid-IR photometry to construct spectral energy distributions (SEDs). We measure the stellar mass (M*) and star formation rate (SFR) of the AGN by fitting these SEDs with the X-CIGALE code. We compare the M* and SFR of the two AGN populations, taking their different redshift and luminosity distributions into account. Based on our results, type 2 AGN tend to live in more massive galaxies compared to their type 1 counterparts (log [M∗(M⊙)] = 10.49−0.10+0.16 vs. 10.23−0.08+0.05), in agreement with previous studies at higher redshifts. In terms of SFRs, our analysis shows that, in the nearby Universe, the number of X-ray AGN that live in quiescent systems is higher compared to at higher redshifts, in accordance with previous studies in the local Universe. However, the majority of AGN (∼75%) live inside or above the main sequence.
Absorption of pollutants from exhaust gases by low-temperature heating surfaces
Authors: Kornienko Victoria , Radchenko Mykola , Radchenko Roman , Kruzel Marcin , Konovalov Dmytro , Andreev Andrii
Published: November 2021

One of the most effective methods aimed to improving the environmental safety is fuel oil combustion in the form of specially prepared water-fuel emulsions. The combustion of water-fuel emulsion in internal combustion engines makes it possible to reduce a rate of low-temperature corrosion at wall temperatures below the dew point temperature of sulfuric acid vapor, to install a condensing lowtemperature heating surface in the exhaust gas boiler that leads to increase the efficiency of boiler. Therefore, it is of great importance to assess the effect of the presence of condensate (water, acid) and pollution on these surfaces on the processes of NOx, SO2 absorption from exhaust gases. Investigations of SO2, NOx and particulate matter emission were carried out on the experimental installation for fuel oil and water-fuel emulsion combustion with different water content. Using condensing heating surface enables to reduce the concentration of NOx and SO2 by 65 %. Experimental studies have shown that condensing heating surface ensures the capture of up to 30 % of particulate matter from the exhaust gas flow.
Innovative combined in-cycle trigeneration technologies for food industries
Authors: Radchenko Andrii , Mikielewicz Dariusz , Radchenko Mykola , Forduy Serhiy , Rizun Oleksandr , Khaldobin Viktor
Published: November 2021

The majority of integrated energy systems (IES) for combined electricity, heat and refrigeration generation, or trigeneration, are based on gas engines. The fuel efficiency of gas engines are strictly influenced by intake air temperatures. Practically in all IES the absorption lithium-bromide chillers (ACh) are applied for conversing the heat removed from the engine into refrigeration in the form of chilled water. The peculiarity of trigeneration in food industries is the use of chilled water of about 12°C for technological needs instead of 7°C as typical for ACh. This leads to a considerable great potential of engine intake air deeper cooling not realized by ACh, that can be used by ejector chiller (ECh) as the low temperature stage of two-stage absorption-ejector chiller (AECh) to provide engine cyclic air deep cooling and enhancing engine fuel efficiency. To evaluate the effect of gas engine cyclic air cooling the data on fuel consumption and power output of gas engine JMS 420 GS-N.L were analyzed.
Factors Influencing Choice of Medical Specialty among Ophthalmology and Non-Ophthalmology Residency Applicants
Authors: Cui David , Wingert Andreas M. , Scott Ingrid U.
Published: November 2021

Objective The study aimed to investigate factors influencing choice of specialty among ophthalmology and non-ophthalmology residency applicants.

Patients and Methods Anonymous, web-based surveys were distributed through REDCap to the 2019 to 2020 residency applicants to the Penn State Department of Ophthalmology and, as a control group, Penn State medical students applying to non-ophthalmology residencies for the 2019 to 2020 cycle. The primary outcome was factors that influenced specialty choice among ophthalmology versus non-ophthalmology applicants. Secondary outcomes include hours of exposure to applicants' selected specialty in the medical school preclinical curriculum, and proportion of ophthalmology versus non-ophthalmology applicants who decided on, or developed a strong interest in, their specialty prior to clinical rotations.

Results Surveys were completed by 203/441 (46.0%) ophthalmology and 85/139 (61.1%) non-ophthalmology applicants. Fewer than 20 hours of exposure to an applicant's selected specialty were provided in the medical school preclinical curriculum for 86.7% of ophthalmology and 42.4% of non-ophthalmology applicants (p < 0.001). Ophthalmology applicants decided on, or developed a strong interest in, their selected specialty before clinical rotations at a similar rate to non-ophthalmology applicants (60.6 vs. 58.8%, respectively). Factors influencing specialty choice cited most commonly by ophthalmology applicants include professional satisfaction (94.1%), performing surgeries/procedures (92.6%), personal fit with specialty (91.1%), work-life balance (91.1%), and ability to see patients in a clinic setting (90.6%), compared to personal fit with specialty (95.3%)%, clinical rotation in selected specialty (95.3%), professional satisfaction (91.8%), intellectual stimulation (89.4%), and subinternship or away rotation (89.4%) among non-ophthalmology applicants.

Conclusion Professional satisfaction and personal fit with specialty were among the most commonly cited factors influencing specialty choice for both groups. Other factors cited most frequently by ophthalmology applicants include performing surgeries/procedures, work-life balance, and ability to see patients in a clinic setting. Despite limited ophthalmology exposure in medical school preclinical curricula, ophthalmology applicants decided on, or developed a strong interest in, their selected specialty before clinical rotations at a rate similar to non-ophthalmology applicants.
Congruence permutability is prime
Authors: Gyenizse Gergő , Maróti Miklós , Zádori László
Published: November 2021

We give a combinatorial proof that congruence permutability is prime in the lattice of interpretability types of varieties. Thereby, we settle a 1984 conjecture of Garcia and Taylor.
Linearly presented modules and bounds on the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of ideals
Authors: Caviglia Giulio , De Stefani Alessandro
Published: November 2021

We estimate the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of ideals in a polynomial ring over a field by studying the regularity of certain modules generated in degree zero and with linear relations. In dimension one, this process gives a new type of upper bounds. By means of recursive techniques this also produces new upper bounds for ideals in any dimension.
Maternal and paternal effects on hyperuricaemia: a cross-sectional study from the seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Lee Sunggun , So Min Wook , Lim Doo-Ho , Kim Mi-Yeong , Lee Jae-Ha , Kim Seong-Ho
Published: November 2021

Objective

As the heritability of hyperuricaemia remains largely unexplained, we analysed the association between parental and offspring hyperuricaemia at the phenotype level.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included data on 2373 offspring and both-parent pairs from the seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Logistic regression and generalised estimating equation analysis were used to evaluate the association between offspring and parental hyperuricaemia adjusting for metabolic risk factors and alcohol intake.

Results

Both maternal and paternal hyperuricaemia were associated with offspring hyperuricaemia among teenagers, but from the age of 20 years, a strong association was observed between offspring and paternal, rather than, maternal hyperuricaemia, and this could not be explained by metabolic risk factors such as obesity. However, there was a positive interaction between offspring alcohol intake and parental hyperuricaemia, and there was a stronger association between terciles of offspring alcohol intake and hyperuricaemia in the presence of parental hyperuricaemia: T1 (reference), T2 odds ratio (OR) 1.1 (0.3–4.6), and T3 OR 3.3 (1.4–7.9) (P for trend .017) vs. T1 (reference), T2 OR 0.7 (0.3–1.9), and T3 OR 1.1 (0.6–2.2) (P for trend .974).

Conclusion

These results suggest a gene–environment interaction, especially with respect to alcohol intake for hyperuricaemia in Korean adults.
Use of 3D Planning and Patient-specific Guides for Proximal Humerus Corrective Osteotomy Associated With Shoulder Prosthesis Implantation in Proximal Humeral Varus Malunion
Authors: Russo Raffaele , Cozzolino Andrea , Guastafierro Antonio , Della Rotonda Giuseppe , Viglione Stefano , Ciccarelli Michele , Mortellaro Marco , Minopoli Paolo , Fiorentino Fabrizio , Pietroluongo Livia R.
Published: November 2021

Humeral stem prosthesis implantation in case of proximal humerus varus malunion (type 1D fracture sequelae) is often complicated by greater tuberosity fracture and by posterosuperior rotator cuff iatrogenic damage. Moreover, the varus malunited humeral head could lead to scapular impingement and reduce the range of motion. To address this problem, we introduced a new surgical procedure consisting in a proximal humerus osteotomy, planned with three-dimensional (3D) preoperative virtual surgery, and performed with patient-specific surgical guides, to correct humerus deformity before the implantation of the prosthetic humeral stem. A 3D evaluation of the deformity, based on the comparison to the healthy contralateral side or to anatomical standard values, is firstly performed. The metaphyseal osteotomy is then planned and virtually performed. To faithfully reproduce the planned correction, 3D printed surgical guides are prepared. Before the surgery, it is advisable to perform a simulation of the planned osteotomies to verify their real feasibility and to find any critical issues. Preliminary outcomes of this surgical technique are encouraging, but formal studies are warranted to validate its clinical utility and longevity of results.
From the life school to the gallery wall, via the portfolio: the collection, treatment, and display of oil sketches on paper produced in the contexts of the Carracci school
Authors: Limb Alice
Published: November 2021

The three oil sketches on paper forming the basis of this study—all of elderly, male sitters—are attributed to unknown sixteenth- or early seventeenth-century Bolognese artists: painters associated with the Carracci family and their Academia degli Incaminati. This context was notable for its near-constant examination of the world around it through consistent drawing and painting, and for its success in exporting its negotiations of the contemporary religious landscape beyond Bologna, to Rome and further afield. A brief overview of the original intention, forms and early functions of these works is given, before focus turns to traditions of ownership and collection in the generations immediately after their creation. The British contexts that the sketches entered during the eighteenth century—collections at Stourhead House, Saltram House and General John Guise's bequest to Christ Church—are then explored through consideration of the social and artistic milieux in which these works were acquired. All three sketches have been mounted on to canvas or panel supports: this conservation history sheds light on how these works have been altered structurally, aesthetically and in functionality as they moved from an early didactic purpose to that of display in the eighteenth century.