bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taxonomic analysis of phytopathogenic micromycetes of landscape trees and shrubs (based on the example or Samarkand city)
Authors: Norimova Guljakhon , Umurzakova Zebiniso
Published: October 2024

The article provides information about phytopathogenic micromycetes of trees and shrubs common in the city of Samarkand. In the course of the research, it was established that 45 species of micromycete fungi are found in 32 plant species and are pathogenic. As a result of the analysis, it was established that 45 species of micromycete fungi belong to 3 divisions, 14 orders, 24 families and 28 genera. Herbarium data collected during the study were analyzed and it was found that 45 species of phytopathogenic micromycetes parasitize 32 species of host plants belonging to 28 genera and 21 families. The study identified 45 species of phytopathogenic micromycetes parasitizing 32 species of host plants. These 32 species of forage plants belong to 27 genera and 21 families, of which 21 species of trees and 11 species of shrubs were identified. Under the influence of fungal diseases caused by phytopathogenic micromycetes recorded in 32 species of ornamental trees and shrubs, the aesthetic properties of these plants decreased. Host plants were identified that were heavily infected with several species of phytopathogenic micromycetes.
Influence of land slope and soil depth on weed seedbank in palm oil plantations
Authors: Wiraguna Edi , Nurdin Elpri Syalsabilla , Rochmah Hidayati Fatchur , Muliasari Ade Astri , Meliala Merry Gloria , Dahliani Lili , Purnawati Iis , Russianzi Wanda , Azhar Aidil
Published: October 2024

Palm oil plantations significantly contribute to economy in Indonesia, with Crude Palm Oil (CPO) exports showing a marked increase of 9.6% from 2017 to 2019. However, weeds compete with palm oil plants for light, nutrients, and space, negatively impacting the growth and yield of palm oils. This study aims to identify weed species in the seedbank at various soil depths and land slopes within an oil palm plantation in West Kalimantan. The research was conducted from January to February 2024 at Gunung Aru Estate using a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD). The study examined soil profiles of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm across flat (0-2°), wavy (2-6°), and steep (>6°) lands, resulting in 27 plots. Soil samples with the size of 0.04 m2 for each sample were collected and analysed in a greenhouse to observe weed germination. The study identified five dominant weed species: Borreria setidens, Ageratum conyzoides, Phyllanthus amarus, Eleusine indica, and Cleome rutidosperma with more weeds Boreria setidens. Results showed significant variations in weed infestation patterns across land slopes and soil depths. Flat land exhibited higher weed counts at greater soil depths (1.47 weeds), while wavy land showed increased weed numbers at shallower depths (1.87 weeds). Steep land had lower overall weed counts. Understanding the influence of land slope and soil depth on weed infestation is essential for developing effective weed management strategies in palm oil plantations.
Marine plastic pollution treaty: How should it look like?
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Rheza
Published: October 2024

MPP, or marine plastic pollution, is a serious issue. The prisoner’s dilemma is preventing nations from acting on this issue. Therefore, nations must draft an MPP treaty in order to address this issue. Inthis paper, I contend that the optimal strategy is top-down because it offers precise recommendations that are simpler for nations to put into practice. I also contend that in order to prevent the top-down strategy from failing, theMPP pact ought to take lessons from the Kyoto Protocol. Subsequently, theMPP pact ought to split the targets into two time frames: short, medium, andlong-term. Along with regulating domestic funding through extended producer responsibility (EPR) and the excise tax on single-use plastics, the MPP treaty should also govern financing difficulties involving global monies funded by rich nations. Lastly, the MPP treaty ought to control the financial and technical support as well as the enforcement procedure.
Acceptability of local food-based noodles krokot flour (Portulaca plerace l.) porang flour (Amorphophallus muelleri blume) and breadfruit flour (Artocarpus Altilis)
Authors: Widyasari R.A. Hangesti Emi , Risqullah Nur Rifqi
Published: October 2024

The use of wheat flour which continues to increase every year makes the number of imported wheat as the basic ingredient for making wheat flour continue to grow, to reduce the number of imports gluten can be made by developing local food commodities that can be processed into flour products. Local food commodities. Local food commodities that can be made into flour products are purslane plants, porang tubers, and breadfruit. Noodles are widely favored as a substitute for rice, the basic ingredient of noodles is wheat flour noodles, namely multipurpose wheat flour, which can be replaced with local food commodities, namely local flour products of purslane flour, porang flour, and breadfruit flour. This experimental research uses primary data from organoleptic test results and chemical tests of super noodles. The protein, water, and ash test results do not follow SNI, namely Protein (2.99g) while in SNI (2987: 2015) wet noodle protein is 6%. Water content (79.83g) max 65% and ash content (0.48g) max 0.05 is unsuitable for carbohydrates and fat that have met SNI. The results of the organoleptic test showed that this super noodle was acceptable to the panelists with an average value of 3.69 from 5 parameters and this response is expected to be an alternative for the community to use local food as a substitute for wheat flour in noodle processing up to 50%.
Characteristics of breeders and efforts to produce kub chicken doc (case study: Masingai II Village)
Authors: Fitriani Syahayyunur , Budiarto Tri , Nurulhaq Muhammad Iqbal
Published: October 2024

This project aims to describe the characteristics of breeders, describe the Day Old Chick (DOC) KUB chicken production business planning efforts that have been carried out by breeders, recommend a Business Model Canvas (BMC) and analysis of the KUB chicken DOC production business. The research method used is a mixed method with a concurrent model embedded in mixed methods (unbalanced mixture). In preparing this final project, the qualitative method is a method that has a higher percentage of use than quantitative methods. Data was collected using questionnaires, interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and secondary data studies. The research results show that the majority of people responsible for livestock activities are husbands who are the main person responsible for KUB chicken cultivation activities. The breeder is of productive age. The level of formal education is in the middle category (Senior High School). The main occupation of breeders is rubber farmers with an income of less than the minimum wage of Tabalong Regency. Efforts to plan the KUB chicken DOC production business in Masingai II Village include training on hatching management and KUB chicken DOC production, training and practice in making automatic hatching machines, and FGDs on developing the KUB chicken DOC production business.
Empowering maritime education: The impact of internships on industry readiness
Authors: Wulandari Retno Sawitri
Published: October 2024

This study explores how internship programmes empower maritime education by effectively aligning academic training with dynamic industry demands. Through qualitative analysis involving industry experts, vocational students, and academicians, the research assesses the profound impact of internships on competency development in port and shipping management, marine sciences, and sustainable practices. Findings demonstrate that internships significantly enhance both technical and soft skills among students, equipping them with the practical knowledge and adaptability crucial for success in maritime careers. Industry experts consistently recognise internship graduates as well-prepared, while employers express high satisfaction in their performance and readiness for professional roles. Vocational students report substantial personal and professional growth, attributing their career readiness to the hands-on experiences gained during internships. A longitudinal study affirms the enduring benefits of internship initiatives, revealing sustained career advancement and job satisfaction among alumni. The research underscores the pivotal role of internships in empowering maritime education, fostering industry-ready professionals, and driving innovation across maritime sectors. Recommendations include ongoing curriculum alignment, emphasis on soft skills development, and enhancement of internship frameworks to sustain educational excellence and industry relevance.
Analysis of return and volatility spillover between oil-gold and oil-bitcoin during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Inayah Asty Khairi , Ginoga Lesia Fatma , Tanjungan Dahri , Ramadhanti Resti Jayeng , Rosyanti Novi
Published: October 2024

This study analyzes the return and volatility spillover between oil-gold and oil-Bitcoin pairs before and after the COVID-19 pandemic using the Dynamic Conditional Correlation Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (DCC-GARCH) model. The data used in this research consists of daily returns of oil, gold, and Bitcoin from January 2018 to December 2021 to understand volatility dynamics. The data period is divided into two phases: before and after theCOVID-19 pandemic. The analysis results show no significant volatility spillover between oil andgold. The relationship between oil and Bitcoin points to volatility spillover, although not following an identical pattern. The absence of volatility spillover indicates that markets or assets are more independent of each other. This reduces the interdependence between markets, making it more challenging to predict market movements based on the behavior of other markets.
Consumer behavior models on online purchase of horticultural commodities
Authors: Miftah Himmatul , Widyasari R.A. Hangesti Emi , Putri Raden Roro Chieka , Mibarokah Syaima Lailatul , Masithoh Siti , Pramarta Ikhsan Qodri
Published: October 2024

An increase followed the increasing trend of online purchases in online sales platform providers. Increased fraud cases and the ease of use of features on online sales platforms impact consumer behavior in online purchasing decisions for agricultural commodities. This study aims to determine the characteristics of consumers and the stages of consumer purchasing decisions, analyze the influence of trust, ease of use, and lifestyle factors on purchasing decisions, and develop models of consumer purchasing decisions for horticultural commodities online. The research was conducted using a survey method with a purposive sampling method. Data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively so that a regression model was composed. The model used is multiple linear regression. The results show that the trust variable (X1), ease of use (X2), and lifestyle (X3) have a real influence on purchasing decisions (Y). This study supports the model presented by previous researchers. The practical recommendation from this research is for e-commerce business actors to always maintain their reputation by guaranteeing the trustworthiness of their transactions so that horticultural consumers are willing to make repeat purchase transactions and recommend them to other consumers. Business actors should display application features that are easy to use, practical, and fast. The model shown can be used to develop competitive strategies for improving services to online consumers.
Digitalization of supply chain technology to encourage green supply chain
Authors: Sarjana Sri , Najib Mahsa Amira Anindya , Hanun Jalilah
Published: October 2024

Supply chain technology requires various components to develop digital technology that supports organizational performance in achieving an efficient supply chain. Development of supply chain technology through a process of scientific evolution as effort to create sustainable supply chain. Qualitative approach is expressed through analysis for the concept of supply chain technology through bibliometric analysis. The collection of scientific journals published in 2019-2023 period becomes data obtained from database that supports literature analysis. Results state that there are several derivatives of supply chain concept including green supply chain, supply chain resilience, supply chain ambidexterity, supply chain flexibility, supply chain agility, low carbon supply chain, circular supply chain and sustainable supply chain. However, the novelty of concepts that support technology in supply chain development includes things technology, artificial intelligence, advanced technology and big data analytics. For this reason, it is important to follow up the new concepts found in subsequent studies along with technological developments that encourage supply chain performance improvements.
The use of perennial decorative lianas in vertical landscaping in the city of Samarkand
Authors: Shukurova Mokhigul , Khaydarov Khislat , Ashurov Muzaffar , Shernazarov Shavkat , Alavdinov Mukhammad
Published: October 2024

Liana species is a well-growing plant with moderate humidity and moderate temperatures. Therefore, in the conditions of Uzbekistan, some species are most common. As with other ornamental plants, different ways of propagation of lianas have been developed, and it is important to study in which environment the methods are effective. Liana species reproduce using cuttings and seeds. The positive effect of lianas on Urban Environmental Quality (reducing the concentration of dust in the air, reducing noise intensity, cleaning the air from gasoline vapors, mastering carbon dioxide, etc.) is directly related to its environmental sustainability, which in particular manifests itself in maintaining optimal gas balance, maintaining improved radiation, heat and acoustic regimes. It is known that the sanitary and hygienic role of greened urban areas in conditions of increased man-made pressure is a means of eliminating the harmful effects of man-made pollution on urban residents. During the study, 12 species of perennial lianas recommended for landscaping the city were studied.
Data assimilation of decay heat experiments for feedback on nuclear data
Authors: Vallet Vanessa , Rizzo Axel , Tiphine Marion , Nicol Tangi
Published: October 2024

Integral decay heat experiments can provide interesting feedback on particular nuclear data (decay data and fission yields mainly). After ensuring that the C/E discrepancies were mostly due to nuclear data discrepancies, a Bayesian inference approach can be applied. Nevertheless, the results strongly depend on the quality of the experiment and on our capability to estimate realistic experimental correlation matrices when considering several integral experiments in the assimilation process. A former study performed in 2019 was dedicated to the data assimilation of a large C/E dataset from the experimental validation database of fuel inventory calculations with the DARWIN2.3 package in order to provide feedback to the nuclear data evaluators. This paper is an attempt to exploit the General Electric decay heat experiments performed in the USA in the 1980s in order to confirm or not the trends on four particular cumulated fission yields: 235U(nth,f)133Cs, 235U(nth,f)137Cs, 239Pu(nth,f)106Ru and 239Pu(nth,f)144Ce.
Techniques génératives utilisées comme fonction de réparation : intégrer des contraintes dans les processus d’optimisation multicritère pour la conception architecturale
Authors: Duclos-Prévet Claire , Guéna François
Published: October 2024

L’intégration des contraintes est indissociable de l’optimisation multicritère. Pourtant, elle est rarement étudiée en conception architecturale computationnelle et performancielle. En combinant les processus évolutionnaires avec d’autres techniques génératives comme les processus à base de règles, l’auto-organisation ou les automates cellulaires, il est possible d’intégrer efficacement des contraintes dans des problèmes d’optimisation multicritère en utilisant la méthode des fonctions de réparation. Dans cet article, nous expérimentons ces techniques sur quatre cas d’étude issus de la pratique professionnelle et dérivons des lignes directrices pour le développement d’un solveur d’optimisation adapté à la réparation.
Modélisation BIM d’une famille variable de voussoir et de ses étapes de taille pour la vis Saint-Gilles
Authors: Vouilloz Raphaël , Marin Philippe
Published: October 2024

La vis Saint-Gilles est un des plus célèbres objets de la stéréotomie, abondamment documenté dans les traités de la Renaissance et célébré pour sa singulière complexité géométrique. Cet article revisite ce modèle sous l’angle des procédés numériques BIM ; il propose une méthode pour créer une famille variable à pilotes géométriques et paramétriques capable de prendre la forme de chacune des occurrences de voussoirs constituant l’assise d’une vis Saint-Gilles donnée. Au-delà de la géométrie, cet objet « non standard » embarque étapes de tailles et nomenclature de bloc englobant dans une chaîne associative de documents allant de la conception à la fabrication.
Diverticulitis Management in Complex Medical Contexts
Authors: Cooper Laura E. , Turlington Margaret S. , Brown Rebecca F.
Published: October 2024

Diverticulitis is a prevalent medical issue, particularly among elderly individuals in the Western world. Management is nuanced and is influenced by both disease presentation and patient factors, especially those that affect risk of septic and surgical complications. This paper reviews existing literature to explore the incidence, presentation, and management of diverticulitis in complex medical contexts—immunocompromised populations, specifically highlighting those undergoing chemotherapy, HIV/AIDS patients, transplant recipients, and individuals with autoimmune and connective tissue diseases. Not surprisingly, management of diverticulitis in these complex patient populations is associated with increased morbidity. However, even taking into consideration the risk of septic and surgical complications, more recent data and treatment recommendations suggest that both nonoperative and operative management strategies may be appropriate based on individual patient presentations, mirroring the treatment paradigm of immunocompetent patients. In addition, in discussing operative management of complex medical patients, immunosuppression alone should not be considered a contraindication to primary anastomosis. Overall, there are limited existing data on diverticulitis in immunocompromised populations and, especially, patients with autoimmune and connective tissue disorders. Further research is warranted to better understand the impact of these chronic diseases on diverticulitis severity and to best inform evidence-based practices in this complex clinical scenario.
Infectious Neuropathies
Authors: Mehta Mitali , Robinson-Papp Jessica
Published: October 2024

This review explores diverse infectious etiologies of peripheral nervous system (PNS) dysfunction, spanning sensory and motor neurons, nerves, and associated structures. Progress in viral and bacterial infections reveals multifaceted mechanisms underlying neuropathies, including viral neurotoxicity and immune-mediated responses. Latest diagnostic advances facilitate early PNS complication detection, with ongoing research offering promising treatment avenues. Emerging pathogens like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Zika virus, and EV-D68 highlight the evolving infectious neuropathy paradigm. Recognizing characteristic patterns and integrating clinical factors are pivotal for precise diagnosis and tailored intervention. Challenges persist in assessment and management due to varied pathogenic mechanisms. Advancements in understanding pathogenesis have improved targeted therapies, yet gaps remain in effective treatments. Ongoing research is crucial for optimizing approaches and improving patient outcomes.
Developing methane pyrolysis as a viable alternative for hydrogen production
Authors: Ann (Green) Ross Leigh
Published: October 2024

Methane pyrolysis using molten media can produce hydrogen with no greenhouse gas emissions.
Exploring nonlinear dynamics in brain functionality through phase portraits and fuzzy recurrence plots
Authors: Li Qiang , Calhoun Vince D. , Pham Tuan D. , Iraji Armin
Published: October 2024

Much of the complexity and diversity found in nature is driven by nonlinear phenomena, and this holds true for the brain. Nonlinear dynamics theory has been successfully utilized in explaining brain functions from a biophysics standpoint, and the field of statistical physics continues to make substantial progress in understanding brain connectivity and function. This study delves into complex brain functional connectivity using biophysical nonlinear dynamics approaches. We aim to uncover hidden information in high-dimensional and nonlinear neural signals, with the hope of providing a useful tool for analyzing information transitions in functionally complex networks. By utilizing phase portraits and fuzzy recurrence plots, we investigated the latent information in the functional connectivity of complex brain networks. Our numerical experiments, which include synthetic linear dynamics neural time series and a biophysically realistic neural mass model, showed that phase portraits and fuzzy recurrence plots are highly sensitive to changes in neural dynamics and can also be used to predict functional connectivity based on structural connectivity. Furthermore, the results showed that phase trajectories of neuronal activity encode low-dimensional dynamics, and the geometric properties of the limit-cycle attractor formed by the phase portraits can be used to explain the neurodynamics. Additionally, our results showed that the phase portrait and fuzzy recurrence plots can be used as functional connectivity descriptors, and both metrics were able to capture and explain nonlinear dynamics behavior during specific cognitive tasks. In conclusion, our findings suggest that phase portraits and fuzzy recurrence plots could be highly effective as functional connectivity descriptors, providing valuable insights into nonlinear dynamics in the brain.
A research on improving the precision of laser tracker in alignment based on Pareto improvement principle
Authors: Zhong Wen , Cheng Wenjie , Gao Tianyu , Zhang Xin , Mao Jianjun , Qi Zhijun , Liu Zengquan , Yu Hang , Liu Ming , Wang Wei
Published: October 2024

The accuracy of laser trackers in large-scale dimensional metrology is subject to various influencing factors, with instrument positioning being a primary source of error. To address this, a multi-objective optimization algorithm, grounded in the Pareto improvement principle, is proposed. This algorithm is designed to optimize instrument placement, thereby minimizing measurement errors and enhancing the algorithm’s efficacy in error reduction. Thereby, this article proved that positioning the laser tracker consistently on one side of the measurement area and aligning its height with the measuring points can effectively reduce the uncertainty of control point errors by up to 50%.
Measurement of electron and neutral particle densities using a two-color optical fiber interferometer
Authors: Lan Tao , Bai Zeqi , Zhang Han , Mao Zhiling , Ding Weixing , Wu Jie , Wang Ke , Sun Xuan , Wang Min , Mao Wenzhe , Zhang Sen , Dong Qilong , Zhou Yongkang , Chen Chen , Wang Tianxiong , Lu Pengcheng , Huang Yuhua , Wu Zhengwei , Wu Jiaren , Deng Peng , Wei Zian , Wen Xiaohui , Wang Hai , Zhou Chu , Liu Ahdi , Xie Jinlin , Li Hong , Liu Wandong , Xiao Chijin , Zhuang Ge
Published: October 2024

A two-color homodyne Mach–Zehnder optical fiber interferometer is developed for the measurement of electron and neutral particle densities in a high-density capsule θ-pinch device. The interferometer leverages the disparate contributions of distinct particles to the refractive index across two discrete wavelengths of 1310 and 1550 nm and incorporates the contributions of both electron and neutral particle densities to the phase shift in the plasma. The temporal evolutions of line-integrated electron and neutral argon densities are successfully measured by the interferometer. Comparing the electron density waveforms under various working gas pressures as well as the results obtained using the monochromatic and two-color measurements, it is inferred that the influence of neutral particle density can be neglected when measuring the electron density using a long-wavelength laser. Moreover, the maximum electron density is linearly correlated with the capacitor bank voltage for the θ-pinch device (5–9 kV). Overall, the proposed interferometer is capable of simultaneously measuring the electron and neutral particle densities.
Two-photon absorption in silicon using the real density matrix approach
Authors: Ziemkiewicz David , Knez David , Garcia Evan P. , Zielińska-Raczyńska Sylwia , Czajkowski Gerard , Salandrino Alessandro , Kharintsev Sergey S. , Noskov Aleksei I. , Potma Eric O. , Fishman Dmitry A.
Published: October 2024

Two-photon absorption in indirect gap semiconductors is a frequently encountered, but not well-understood phenomenon. To address this, the real-density matrix approach is applied to describe two-photon absorption in silicon through the excitonic response to the interacting fields. This approach produces an analytical expression for the dispersion of the two-photon absorption coefficient for indirect-gap materials and can be used to explain trends in reported experimental data for bulk silicon both old and new with minimal fitting.
Two-dimensional valley photonic crystal resonant cavities
Authors: Zhou Xue , Xu Zhixia , Fu Shiqiang , Yang You
Published: October 2024

Introducing defects in photonic crystals is a common method for manipulating and controlling the propagation of electromagnetic waves. By introducing defects in photonic crystal waveguides, the periodicity of the waveguide structure can be disrupted, local modes can be formed, and resonant cavity functions can be achieved. In this study, we designed two groups of two-dimensional valley photonic crystal waveguides, each of which uses different methods to introduce defects and obtained different resonant cavity structures, and designed a resonant cavity sensor. We conducted a detailed theoretical analysis of the resonant cavity through simulation software. In addition, we fabricated the samples and conducted microwave experiments to demonstrate the accuracy of our theoretical research. Our research provides guidance for the application of photonic crystal devices.
Plastic deformation of [001]-oriented single-crystal iron under shock compression: Effects of void size
Authors: Batouré A. , Amadou N. , Nassirou Hassan M. A. , Moussa Hassane A. , Adamou I.
Published: October 2024

The thermomechanical behavior of materials is known to be sensitive to preexisting defects in their microstructure. In this paper, non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations have been used to investigate the effects of the microvoid size on the plastic deformation in single-crystal iron shock-compressed along the [001] crystallographic direction. The higher the microvoid radius, the faster the kinetics of dislocations. Thus, as the microvoid radius increases, the plastic activity evolves from a regime where the deformation is dominated by twin activities to a regime where both twin and dislocation activities play an essential role and then to a regime where the deformation is dominated by dislocation slip. Furthermore, in both defect-free and defective initial crystal states, the elastic precursor wave is observed to decay with propagation distance, resulting in a constitutive functional dependence of the yielding pressure, σE, on the plastic deformation rate, ε˙p. In the regime where both deformation twinning and dislocation slip play important roles, the constitutive behavior is consistent with the original Swegle–Grady model and is in overall agreement with experimental data and thermomechanical simulations.
Hydrodynamics of molten media bubble columns for hydrogen production through methane pyrolysis
Authors: Okajima Ryota , Mitchell Travis R. , Leonardi Christopher R. , Smart Simon
Published: October 2024

Methane pyrolysis using a molten media bubble column reactor is a promising technique for hydrogen production with low carbon dioxide emissions at a feasible price. Understanding the bubble dynamics in molten media is essential to elucidate the reaction mechanisms and establish design requirements for efficient reactors. Computational fluid dynamics provides an effective means to understand the hydrodynamics in opaque molten media. This research used the volume of fluid method to study the effects of gas injection rate as well as variations in gas and molten media (iron, aluminum, and a salt mixture of sodium bromide and potassium bromide in a 48.7:51.3 molar ratio) properties on bubble dynamics. The computational model was first validated using existing experimental and empirical observations. This study makes fundamental contributions to the understanding of bubble dynamics in molten media. First, it was confirmed that gas properties had a small effect on bubble dynamics. The difference in bubble diameters between argon at ambient temperature and 1600 °C was less than 10%. Second, it was found that the volumetric gas injection rate and molten media properties significantly impacted the bubble dynamics, including the bubble diameter and flow regime. Future work will build on these findings to recommend appropriate operating conditions and molten media for specific pyrolysis reactor designs.
Effect of baffles on internal flow characteristics of double-inhalation centrifugal pumps under low flow conditions
Authors: Wang Jiaqiong , Duan Jundong , Yang Dawei , Ren Tinghui , Zhu Rongsheng , Fu Qiang
Published: October 2024

In order to investigate the impact of baffles in the inhalation chamber on the external characteristics and operational stability of a double inhalation centrifugal pump under low flow conditions, the flow field simulation software ANSYS CFX and the shear stress transport formulation were employed to numerically simulate the internal flow field of a double inhalation centrifugal pump with and without baffles. Two models were subjected to performance curve simulation and prediction, with the internal flow field, pressure pulsation, and impeller force of the two models being compared and analyzed under three small flow conditions of 0.6Qd (rated flow), 0.5Qd, and 0.4Qd. The velocity and vortex distribution inside the semi-spiral inhalation chamber, as well as their impact on the flow state in front of and inside the impeller, were analyzed. Research has demonstrated that the addition of baffles can enhance the pump head and efficiency in flow conditions of 0.5Qd–0.8Qd. However, there is a tendency for obstruction of flow in conditions below 0.5Qd. Baffles can reduce the amplitude of pressure pulsation within the impeller and the radial force exerted by the impeller as a whole. Consequently, the incorporation of baffles within the inhalation chamber during flow conditions of 0.5Qd–0.8Qd can enhance the operational efficacy of the pump. Nevertheless, within the flow range of <0.5Qd, the pump's performance will decline. This study serves as a foundation for the design of double inhalation centrifugal pumps with semi-spiral inhalation chambers.
Polarization-desensitization dynamically adjustable quintuple plasmon-induced transparency multi-frequency modulator based on graphene metamaterial
Authors: Zhou Fengqi , Ji Cheng , Liu Zhimin , Jiang Nan
Published: October 2024

The monolayer metamaterial that consists of graphene arrangement squares and four L-shaped graphene blocks is designed to achieve quintuple plasmon-induced transparency (quintuple-PIT). First, the accuracy of the results has been validated through finite difference time domain simulations and coupled mode theory, which show good agreement. Second, a quadruple-frequency asynchronous switch with amplitude modulation degree (AMD) values of 94.7%, 91.1%, 96.6%, and 77.4% and a sextuple-frequency synchronous switch with AMD values of 95.0%, 96.8%, 88.0%, 93.3%, 58.6%, and 71.5% have been proposed by dynamic control, respectively. It is worth noting that the number of PIT windows in the transmission curve can be freely adjusted from a quintuple-PIT to single-PIT mode by manipulating the Fermi level states of different parts of the structure. Finally, further investigations have demonstrated that the proposed structure exhibits excellent slow-light properties and is insensitive to polarized light, which indicates that the metamaterial structure possesses good stability and anti-interference capabilities under various polarization conditions. The metamaterial and results provide valuable insights and ideas for the design of optoelectronic devices.
Effect of step bottom and waterway on flexural gravity wave scattering
Authors: Sharma Shailee , Mondal Ramnarayan , Zafar M.
Published: October 2024

Flexural gravity wave scattering by two semi-infinite non-identical ice sheets, which are separated by a clean water surface, is investigated in the presence of a step bottom topography. The problem is investigated in the cases of (i) intermediate water depth and (ii) shallow water. The effect of two edge conditions, (i) simply supported edge and (ii) free edge, on wave scattering is also analyzed. Employing linear velocity potential theory, the problem is studied in the frequency domain. The physical phenomenon is modeled as a boundary value problem having the Laplace equation as the governing equation, and it is solved using the eigenfunction expansion method. Considering the bottom topography and upper boundary, the fluid domain is divided into three regions, and in each region, velocity potential is expressed in terms of infinite Fourier series. Velocity and pressure are matched at the intermediate surface of two regions, and a system of algebraic equations with unknown coefficients is obtained. The complete solution of the present problem is recognized by solving the system of equations numerically. The energy relation is derived using Green's theorem. The reflection and transmission coefficients are computed and compared with the energy relation to check the accuracy of the present method. For different parameters (depth ratio, clean waterway, and different ice properties), reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient are computed and presented as a function of angular frequency. The value of the reflection coefficient ranges from zero to unity, whereas at certain frequencies, the transmission coefficient attends value more than unity.
Engineering antiphase domain boundaries boosted tunable ferromagnetic insulation
Authors: Jia Xiaomin , Chen Yanbin , Nan Ce-Wen , Ma Jing , Chen Chonglin
Published: October 2024

Interface-engineered superlattices composed of perovskite PrCoO3 and brownmillerite CaCoO2.5 ([(PCO)n/(CCO)n]m) were designed and fabricated on (001) SrTiO3 substrates with integrated antiphase domain boundaries (APBs) for investigating ferromagnetic insulating phenomenon. The APBs were formed at the surface-step-terrace edges, and the densities of APBs can be regulated by the periods of the superlattices. In these superlattices, ferromagnetic insulating properties were found to be significantly modulated by the APBs. The room-temperature resistivity of the n = 1 superlattice increases by more than three orders of magnitude than that of the n = 5 superlattice and more than five orders of magnitude than that of the Pr0.5Ca0.5CoO3-δ alloy films. The insulation behavior is primarily derived from the charge carriers scattering at the APBs, which block the charge carriers transferring along the in-plane direction. These results could propel the advancement of multifunctional material genetics and provide a strategic approach for the development of artificial materials with tunable properties.
Dynamic characteristics and prediction and control models of subsonic exhaust from a container
Authors: Wang Wenjun , Wang Guilin , Hou Dongbo , Cao Wei , Wang Cong , Wei Yingjie
Published: October 2024

This study combines experimental measurements, numerical simulations, and theoretical analysis to investigate the subsonic discharge process in a container under normal temperature and pressure conditions. Experimental data captured the internal pressure dynamics during exhaust at the atmospheric environmental pressure. Numerical simulations using OpenFOAM validated the isothermal exhaust model against the experimental results. Under the assumption of ideal gas and isothermal processes, a nonlinear differential equation was derived to describe the evolution of the container's internal pressure. This equation was simplified for a specific range of pressure ratios, yielding analytical solutions for the internal pressure of the container under both constant and variable external pressures. The effectiveness of the expressions of pressure inside the container was verified by comparing them with experimental and numerical simulation data. We further developed a formula for predicting exhaust mass flow rate, with a prediction error within 9%. An improved formula was subsequently proposed to reduce the error to below 0.4%, enhancing prediction accuracy. For containers with variable external pressure, a method for controlling the exhaust mass flow rate by predicting external pressure changes was proposed, demonstrating its effectiveness in achieving precise control.
Study on the jetting characteristics of an underwater explosion bubble collapsing near a floating body
Authors: Wu Cheng-Long , Liu Nian-Nian , Wang Qi , Zhao Peng-Duo , Sun Peng-Nan , Yue Song-Lin
Published: October 2024

This study explores the dynamic behavior and jet characteristics of underwater explosion (UNDEX) bubble oscillating near a rigid floating body using the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method. Experiments on UNDEX bubble oscillating in a free field or oscillating near a rigid floating body in an explosion tank are used to validate the effectiveness of the ALE method in simulating the behaviors of high pressure bubble oscillating near a boundary in water. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data. On this basis, the distribution of the field pressure and velocity of the oscillating bubble are further analyzed in detail. The evolution characteristics of the bubble jets are discussed for various values of the stand-off distance and explosion attack angle. The results reveal that a bubble produces two jet patterns for close stand-off distances (from γD=0.800 to γD=1.336) and attack angles of 0°, 45°, 75°, and 90°. The first bubble jet results in an annular splitting of the bubble, while the second jet is pointed toward the floating body. The aim of this study is to provide a reference for further understanding the jet dynamics of UNDEX bubble collapsing near a structure and the effective attack on ship sides.
Temperature dependence of the low-frequency noise in AlGaN/GaN fin field effect transistors
Authors: Liu T. K. , Lee H. , Luo X. Y. , Zhang E. X. , Schrimpf R. D. , Rajan S. , Fleetwood D. M.
Published: October 2024

Low-frequency (LF) noise measurements are compared for Schottky-gate AlGaN/GaN heterostructure planar and fin field-effect transistors (FinFETs) as functions of gate voltage and measuring temperature. The noise of each device type is consistent with a carrier number fluctuation model. Similar effective defect-energy Eo distributions are derived for each of the two device architectures from measurements of excess drain-voltage noise-power spectral density vs temperature from 80 to 380 K. Defect- and/or impurity-related peaks are observed in the inferred energy distributions for Eo < 0.2 eV, Eo ≈ 0.45 eV, and Eo > 0.6 eV. Significant contributions to the LF noise are inferred for nitrogen vacancies and ON and FeGa impurity complexes. Ga dangling bonds at fin interfaces with gate metal are likely candidates for enhanced noise observed in FinFETs, relative to planar devices. Reducing the concentrations of these defects and impurity complexes should reduce the LF noise and enhance the performance, reliability, and radiation tolerance of GaN-based high electron mobility transistors.
A simplified method for theoretical sum frequency generation spectroscopy calculation and interpretation: The “pop model”
Authors: Chen Wanlin , Louaas Dorian , Brigiano Flavio Siro , Pezzotti Simone , Gaigeot Marie-Pierre
Published: October 2024

Existing methods to compute theoretical spectra are restricted to the use of time-correlation functions evaluated from accurate atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, often at the ab initio level. The molecular interpretation of the computed spectra requires additional steps to deconvolve the spectroscopic contributions from local water and surface structural populations at the interface. The lack of a standard procedure to do this often hampers rationalization. To overcome these challenges, we rewrite the equations for spectra calculation into a sum of partial contributions from interfacial populations, weighted by their abundance at the interface. We show that SFG signatures from each population can be parameterized into a minimum dataset of reference partial spectra. Accurate spectra can then be predicted by just evaluating the statistics of interfacial populations, which can be done even with force field simulations as well as with analytic models. This approach broadens the range of simulation techniques from which theoretical spectra can be calculated, opening toward non-atomistic and Monte Carlo simulation approaches. Most notably, it allows constructing accurate theoretical spectra for interfacial conditions that cannot even be simulated, as we demonstrate for the pH-dependent SFG spectra of silica/water interfaces.
Synthesis and characterization of non-porous amorphous polymers for enhanced iodine adsorption
Authors: Wang Mengqi , Tang Henglong , Long Zhu , Sun Chang
Published: October 2024

With the increasing demand for sustainable energy sources, the management of radioactive iodine, a byproduct of nuclear energy, has become critical for environmental safety and human health. This study presents the design and synthesis of non-porous amorphous polymers, specifically PEI-PD, derived from polyethylenimine (PEI) and pyromellitic dianhydride (PD), for the adsorption of iodine from aqueous and gaseous environments. The adsorbent exhibits high efficiency in capturing iodine, with a remarkable adsorption capacity of 4.43 g g–1 for volatile iodine and 1.43 g g–1 for liquid iodine. The adsorption process is governed by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and follows the Langmuir isotherm, indicating a chemisorption mechanism driven by electrostatic attraction. The mechanism of iodine adsorption by the adsorbent was investigated using infrared spectroscopy and independent gradient modeling (IGMH), which helped to clarify types of weak interaction between the adsorbent and iodine and the adsorption sites. The study highlights the potential of PEI-PD as an effective material for the removal of radioactive iodine, contributing to the safe and sustainable management of nuclear waste.
French, Polish and Czech converbs
Authors: Nádvorníková Olga
Published: October 2024

The study investigates the translation correspondence of Czech, Polish, and French converbs
(transgressive, imiesłów przysłówkowy, and gérondif), using extensive data extracted from
parallel corpora of fiction. Although the three converbs share significant syntactic and semantic properties (in terms of the
range and proportion of different meanings conveyed), they differ in frequency and in stylistic characteristics (archaistic in
Czech). The study shows that these differences are reflected in the proportion of the convergent translation counterparts,
independently of the source language (more than 65% of convergent counterparts in translations into Polish, about 30% in
translations into French, and only about 6% in Czech). The analysis of target languages showing high proportion of divergent
counterparts (French and Czech) reveals that the distribution of their types is shaped by the meaning of the source converb:
distinction between accompanying circumstance vs. more informative meanings in Czech, and participant- vs. event-oriented content
in French. This research advances our understanding of the expression of adverbial subordination across languages and demonstrates
the research potential of parallel corpora, used as semantic and functional mirrors revealing distinctions within seemingly
uniform categories in source languages.
Ironic criticisms and responses on Chinese social media
Authors: Tian Xinyue , Ren Wei
Published: October 2024

Ironic criticisms in online interactions are very common, but have rarely been examined. Following the concept of
(non)propositional irony, this study investigates how online ironic criticisms are produced and responded to. The findings were
derived from a mixed-methods analysis of 200 comments and 1,140 responses collected from Weibo. The analysis offers a
computer-mediated taxonomy and identifies four subtypes of ironic criticisms, with different realisation forms in each subtype.
Responses to negative evaluations are more common in online ironic interactions. Possible motivations for the prevalence of online ironic criticisms are also discussed. The findings shed light on the creativity of ironic criticisms on social media, and suggest the need for an updated
definition of ironic criticisms to account for their use in online interactions.
Variation-Based Distance and Similarity Modeling
Authors: Zhang Xu , Szmrecsanyi Benedikt
Published: October 2024

We present a corpus-based method — Variation-Based Distance and Similarity Modeling (VADIS) — that calculates
distances between registers as a function of the extent to which the probabilistic conditioning of variation differs across
registers. When language users have a choice between different ways of saying similar things (e.g., cut off the
tops versus cut the tops off), what is the extent to which these choices are regulated differently
in different registers? In this spirit, we re-analyze pre-existing datasets that cover the genitive, dative, and particle
placement alternations in the grammar of English. These datasets cover five broad register categories: spoken informal English,
spoken formal English, written informal English, written formal English, and online/web-based English. Analysis shows that (a) the
registers under analysis are relatively but not entirely homogeneous in terms of the probabilistic grammars conditioning
grammatical choices, and (b) more often than not we see a split between spoken and written registers.
A density functional theory study of nitrogen vacancy center in lonsdaleite
Authors: Abdelghafar Khaled A , Choi Daniel S , Askar Khalid
Published: October 2024

Lonsdaleite is a carbon allotrope and metastable form of diamond that demonstrates superior mechanical properties over cubic diamond. Here, we report the results of density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) studies of neutral and negative nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in lonsdaleite. Interestingly, the neutral (NV0) and negative (NV−1) nitrogen vacancy centers in lonsdaleite display a remarkable splitting between the two degenerate ex
and ey
excited states nearly around ∼0.5 eV for NV0 and 0.2 eV for NV−1, respectively. The thermal stability, dynamic stability, band structure, density of states, and optical properties are computed. DFT and MD calculations reveal that the geometrical structure of the NV center in lonsdaleite is both thermally and dynamically stable. In addition, the findings show that NV0 and NV−1 centers in lonsdaleite demonstrate splitting in the zero-phonon line (ZPL) due to symmetry reduction from C3v to C1h with respect to the NV center in cubic diamond. Furthermore, the results indicate that ZPL falls around ∼1.76 and 2.25 eV for NV0, whereas it lies around 1.91 and 2.19 eV for NV−1.