bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Display in periodic specialist publications changes in the architecture and urban planning of Kharkiv during the beginning of industrial construction
Authors: Romanova Svitlana , Bouryak Oleksandr
Published: January 2025

The article contains a historiographic review of publications about the architecture and construction of Kharkiv in professional architectural journals of Ukraine during the radical turn in architectural and urban planning to the principles of modernism and accelerated deployment of industrial construction technologies. This article is a continuation of the publication in which the authors considered the Kharkiv professional press dedicated to the post-war reconstruction period (1947-1955) and the changes that took place in construction practice and in the project ideology of the 2nd half. 1950s. The article highlights the events of architectural life and the evolution of the views of architects and urban planners in the second most important city of Ukraine during the third quarter of the 20th century. To this day, this period remains insufficiently studied in Ukrainian architectural science, despite its enormous influence on the formation of the modern architectural appearance of Kharkiv. Professional periodicals, in particular publications in the magazine "Architecture and Construction" (since 1957 – "Construction and Architecture"), are one of the sources of research into Kharkiv architecture of this period. The article attempts, using the example of the architectural life of Kharkiv, reflected in these sources, to trace the essence of changes in conceptual approaches and architectural and urban planning practices of Ukrainian architecture during the period of the deployment of mass industrial construction. The presented overview of publications dedicated to Kharkiv clearly shows that in the period of the beginning of industrial construction, the focus of attention of articles was directed primarily to the process of construction according to typical projects. Kharkiv architects publish plans for construction on a new basis for residential areas of the city, analyze the results of the ongoing construction of micro-districts in Pavlovo Pole, the Selection Station area, Saltivka, noting achievements, problems and formulating plans for the future. An important topic of the publications is plans for the development of the architectural and spatial composition of the city, in particular the process of implementing an innovative method of urban planning – the focusing method.
Peculiarities of studying innovative technologies in architecture at the level of formation of educational programs
Authors: Badiul Mariia , Podolynnyi Serhii
Published: January 2025

Today, architectural activity exists in a competitive environment, in a world where construction technologies, design methods, and communication channels are actively developing. A modern specialist must perform technical tasks well, and also be able to surprise, innovate and be a creative person with individuality. These market conditions are fundamentally different from the characteristics of architectural activity in Soviet times. But architectural education in state universities still has the old structure. Some tasks are changing, but there is no comprehensive reform that the modern profession requires. An important direction in the reform of architectural education is the introduction of the study of innovative design and construction technologies. In order to do this, it is proposed to change the entire educational process. Changes must be made at the following levels: educational program, working methods, conditions for education. This article discusses an important part – the educational program. For the formation of a program and implementation the study of innovations, there is a proposal a few of techniques, which help to structure the educational program and make the disciplines relevant to the requirements of the profession. The following basic techniques are suggested: involving practicing architects as stakeholders in the creation of programs; orientation of all disciplines to modern tasks of architectural design; studying innovative computer technologies used in architectural activities; visiting construction sites at different stages of construction and modern enterprises that produce materials and structures; organization of internships in architectural firms as part of the educational process. These techniques help to make the structure, content of the program and implement the study of innovations, teach a modern interdisciplinary approach to work, provide various types of interaction with practicing specialists and industries, make quality education for the modern demand of the profession and provide effective implementation in professional activities during study.
Typology of Temporary Settlements for Displaced Persons
Authors: Amosov Iurii
Published: January 2025

This article examines the experience of planning temporary settlements for the affected and displaced persons, evaluating global and domestic approaches. The analysis encompasses urban planning situations, volumetric-spatial, and functional-planning organization of temporary residential structures, defining typological characteristics and categorizing them.
Particular attention is paid to identifying the morphology of temporary settlements as an element of the urban planning system.
An overview of international and Ukrainian experiences in planning settlements of various types, capacities, locations in the settlement system, functional-planning features, and principles of residence identifies common and new aspects of grouping. Factors dependent on settlement capacity (location, planning scheme, functional-planning structure, functioning type, scalability, and population density) and those independent of it (usage type, residence time, sustainable development strategy) are discussed.
The typological grouping of examined examples of temporary settlements demonstrates the possibility of categorizing the planning of temporary settlements into 4 groups based on the morphological features of urban development models: at the micro-level (urban development level) – Type 1 (up to 500 people); at the meso-level (urban fabric level) – Type 2 (up to 1000 residents); at the macro-level (urban development system level) – Type 3 (over 1000 residents); at the macro-level (settlement system level) – Type 4 (over 10,000 residents); acting as a distinct new element in the settlement system.
Classification of damaged buildings as part of residential urban entities
Authors: Demeshkant Yevheniia
Published: January 2025

The classification of destroyed buildings in the structure of residential urban entities is a necessary and integral research stage that precedes the detection of an appropriate option for a certain territory restoration. A housing development as a structural and planning element of a city is a territory that is not divided by streets, in the structure of which residential buildings and objects of daily maintenance are placed. The purpose of the article is to classify the destroyed buildings as a part of residential formations of Ukrainian cities. Research methods. The classification of damaged buildings as a part of residential entities requires the generalization of the building type-making experience in the study and analysis of bibliographic sources, regulatory and legal documents. While formulating the periodization and classification of buildings, comparative and analytical research methods of modern theoretical and practical developments were used. The results. Damaged buildings are classified according to their features, such as the functional purpose, historical and cultural value, period of construction, construction technology and kind of damage. Conclusions. The proposed classification of destroyed buildings in the structure of residential urban entities aims to systematize the research base of damaged buildings, which will allow to further outline a list of certain actions for the restoration of particular building elements.
Orientational Features of School Buildings in Iran by Cardinal Directions in Terms of Their Energy Efficiency
Authors: Emamianfar Ali , Tretiak Yuliia , Kosarevska Raddamila
Published: January 2025

This article examines the orientation of school buildings in Iran from an energy efficiency perspective. It analyzes traditional approaches to building orientation in Iran, considering their impact on energy consumption, and provides examples of contemporary international approaches to this issue. The study evaluates the climatic characteristics of Iran's four main zones to determine the optimal orientation and length of school buildings in each region. Special attention is given to the heating requirements of the buildings and the identification of the most efficient building forms for each climate zone. The influence of solar radiation intensity on the architecture of school buildings and their spaces is also analyzed to optimize the use of natural energy and enhance energy efficiency.
Using the example of schools in the cold climate of Iran, particularly in the city of Tabriz, the article calculates the amount of solar energy reaching both the courtyards and the indoor learning spaces. The study emphasizes the importance of energy efficiency based on climatic conditions and proposes architectural design solutions that promote energy conservation in school buildings. Additionally, it explores how integrating these design principles can lead to more sustainable and climate-adapted educational spaces.
Energy efficiency in architectural design, based on climatic resources, is one of the key scientific challenges of modern times. The climatic diversity of Iran has contributed to the development of climate classifications that have long been used to harmonize with architectural design principles, minimizing energy losses.
As society has developed, the size of school buildings has increased, and consequently, the demand for heating and energy resources has grown. The use of new materials and modern construction technologies has introduced additional challenges. Effective architectural design of school buildings for energy optimization requires a deep understanding of traditional design methods, regional climatic conditions, and expertise in energy conservation. Without analyzing these factors, it is impossible to develop effective solutions.
Evolution of the development of "capsule hotels" - modern temporary accommodation facilities
Authors: Kinailiuk Mykhailo
Published: January 2025

The article examines the process of evolution of temporary accommodation facilities called “capsule hotels”. The issue of the history of the evolution of hotels as a general trend is traced separately. The process of emergence and development of the capsule concept in architecture is studied. The emergence and development of capsule hotels is the result of the search by architects and engineers for a solution that would ensure the saving of space, its maximum use for the purpose of temporary accommodation for as many people as possible. It is not surprising that their appearance took place precisely in Japan - a country whose territory is limited to four main islands and several hundred small islets with a total area of 378,000 square kilometers, whose population in the 1970s, due to the rapid growth of the economy in the previous 20 years, crossed the 100 million mark. However, today the problem of overpopulation has become global, as well as ecological and climatic problems: it is necessary to minimize the use of resources and this can be done, including by reducing the space at the design stage. It should also be added the development of the global hotel industry, a number of social and economic challenges, the development of technology, and, as a result, the change in visitor requests: all these factors cause a wide discussion of the future of these temporary accommodation facilities. Analysis of the emergence and development of capsule hotels is necessary to understand the prospects for the development of this type of temporary accommodation facilities. The first known examples of capsule buildings and, separately, capsule hotels are analyzed, and the peculiarities of their architectural and planning organization are established. Examples of foreign experience in the design of capsule hotels over the past 50 years are given, and trends in the development of capsule hotels in Ukraine are highlighted. Prospects for the development of capsule hotels in the future are analyzed. In conditions of constant population growth in large cities, and, as a result, limited space for consumers, capsule hotels are a solution for providing cheap and affordable temporary housing. They can be either a separate facility for temporary accommodation in the city center, or located in an open space, or integrated with airports or railway stations.
Modern directions of theater design
Authors: Kutsevych Vadym
Published: January 2025

The article examines a new direction in the design of civil buildings – the parametric method, using the example of the Opera House in Townzhou, which is the largest cultural object in China (architect Z. Hadid). In this facility, all architectural elements are parametrically flexible. It should be noted that this refers to the fundamental ontological changes of the main core elements of the Opera building's architecture.
Thus, instead of classical and modern forms of geometric shapes such as straight lines, rectangles, cubes, cylinders, pyramids, hemispheres, new living – dynamic, adaptive, variable, geometric forms of parametrism are used as fundamental geometric blocks of dynamic systems.
The co-author of the Guangzhou Opera project was P. Schumacher, the ideological leader of parametricism, an architect, philosopher and software engineer in the field of digital architecture. With his arrival at Zaha Hadid's architectural office, the artistic style under his influence changed noticeably.
The Opera House in Guangzhou looks like rounded pebbles surrounded by water, where two volumes rise from a topographically designed plinth. The auditorium for 1,800 seats is not visible from the outside - it is hidden in a dark gray granite shell, a multifunctional hall for 400 seats, hidden in a smaller volume (pebble) and faced with light gray granite panels.
Ramps and stairs seem to lead to the crystal crown of the city, and the steel grid structure is reflected in the pool. Depending on the position of the observer, the volume of the Opera building can be presented as the cockpit of an airplane heading for the city, or inviting the visitor to enter the middle. You want to go around the whole building, get to know it and discover it for yourself.
The Opera House in Guangzhou is one of the most ambitious architectural objects in China, and the audience hall can be considered unique.
Typical mathematical models used in automated systems of organizational management
Authors: Kliuieva VIktoriia , Herasymchuk Vlad , Danylov Ihor
Published: January 2025

The article considers typical mathematical models used in automated control systems (ACS), a type of which are automated organizational control systems (ACOC), with the aim of making optimal management decisions.
In our time, it is impossible to solve the problems of managing the economy by mechanically increasing the number of the governing apparatus, because the scale of the work requires such a number of people that cannot be directed to the sphere of management.
An analysis of the most common types of tasks solved by managers at all levels of management is carried out: inventory management, distribution, mass service, ordering, replacement.
An example of solving the problem of inventory management at a warehouse is given.
A general description of mathematical models used in deterministic tasks of organizational and economic decision-making in organizational systems is given and the conditions for their application are given.
Mathematical model of single-channel signal search with two degrees of detection in radio frequency monitoring of mobile telecommunication systems
Authors: Ilnytskyi Anatolii , Tsukanov Oleg , Symonenko Oleksandr , Pepa Yuriy , Petrenko Andrii
Published: January 2025

Today, technical means of radio interception, monitoring and direction finding in mobile radio communication networks are implemented in the form of software and hardware complexes, the most important performance indicators of which are considered to be speed, detection accuracy and probability of recognition of mobile radio communication means with their information content. At the same time, these issues still remain problematic and require further development of methods and techniques for searching and detecting signals of mobile radio communications in both frequency and time environments of telecommunication channels and their information processing.The authors propose a mathematical model for searching for mobile radio signals in the frequency-time domain with two degrees of detection. The description of the mathematical model for determining the spectral components of signals in the frequency and time domains is carried out using the basic provisions of the theory of directed probability graphs, geometric probabilities with its well-known problem of meeting in a given time interval and the theoretical foundations of statistical information processing.It is shown that the application of the mathematical model of single-channel search for signals of mobile radio communications with two degrees of detection in the frequency-time domain in practice will make it possible to determine the quality of the radio monitoring process and increase the efficiency of evaluating the spectral components of radio signals in terms of speed, detection accuracy and probability of recognition of mobile radio communications with further determination of their information content.
Problems of ensuring information security by subjects of educational activity in the digital educational and scientific environment of educational institutions
Authors: Kozubtsov Ihor , Zinchenko Nataliia , Kotenko Andrei , Averichev Ihor
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the current problems of ensuring information security by educational entities in the digital educational and scientific environment of educational institutions. In times of war (emergencies, pandemics), the educational activities of subjects are moving to the digital educational and scientific environment of educational institutions, where they have proven themselves effectively. Since all educational processes of educational institutions are information-based, and their distortion can lead to negative consequences, there is a need to ensure information security. Based on this, the strategic goal of ensuring information security in the digital educational and scientific space of an educational institution is to form personal information and cybersecurity in cultural subjects. Therefore, it is necessary to form information competence and personal culture of information security in students during their studies, especially for students of the humanitarian profile. Thus, the purpose of the article is to review the problems of ensuring information security by educational entities in the digital educational and scientific environment of educational institutions. Based on the results of the study, the author distinguishes and considers the multidimensionality of information security in the education system, information protection of the subject of educational (training) activity, the problem of selection of educational information by a teacher, and the problem of protecting the digital educational and scientific space of an educational institution from internal and external threats. It is confirmed that the formation of information culture in the educational process is a multifaceted, phased process of continuous information training of students. It is the level of information culture that is an indicator of the subject's readiness for learning and self-education, development and self-development and characterizes the effectiveness of the use of information and information resources in educational and professional activities in the information space with the obligatory provision of information security requirements.
Research on the impact of the internet environment on adolescents
Authors: Delembovskyi Maksym , Markevych Maksym , Korniichuk Borys
Published: January 2025

This work focuses on the researched impact of the Internet environment on teenagers, which provides a detailed vision of this issue.
The main attention is paid to the study of popular messengers, as well as computer games, according to their popularity. The main ones are: "Telegram", "Instagram", "Viber", "Counter-Strike", "World of Tanks", "Dota 2".
This study revealed that a significant number of teenagers spend time in online games and messengers, in addition, they come across content that supports the aggressive actions of the aggressor state, which can affect their consciousness and emotional state.
This article analyzes the methods of attracting teenagers by the aggressor state to perform intelligence and subversive tasks.
This paper examines the perspective of filtering and restricting content for teenagers that is currently publicly available.
Banking infrastructure monitoring system
Authors: Kuzin Oleg
Published: January 2025

In today's conditions of digital transformation of the financial sector, the stability and uninterrupted operation of the banking infrastructure is the key to success. The fault tolerance of computer systems is one of the key factors in the successful operation of modern organizations, especially in such critical industries as banking. Ensuring the constant availability of banking services is extremely important for the uninterrupted operation of payment systems, transaction processing and access to customer accounts. One of the main tools for maintaining fault tolerance is the monitoring of system indicators, which allows you to detect problems before they become critical and take measures to prevent failures.
This work examines the monitoring system of the bank's information environment, analyzes the key indicators of ensuring the system's fault-tolerant operation. Such features as the criticality of the studied parameters, the frequency of polling subsystems, time sensitivity and threshold values are separately considered.
Within the framework of the study, stable and abnormal values of the parameters of the monitoring objects were selected, and based on them, patterns of system behavior were formed. As a result, escalation levels, notification methods and application of additional automations to stabilize subsystems are defined.
The effects of statins on mitochondria – the current state of knowledge
Authors: Belczyk Malgorzata , Knapik-Czajka Malgorzata Elzbieta , Gawedzka Anna , Drag Jagoda
Published: January 2025

Wstęp. Statyny są najczęściej stosowaną grupą leków w terapii i zapobieganiu chorobom układu sercowo-naczyniowego na całym świecie. Poza ich działaniem hipolipemizującym, statyny modulują wiele szlaków metabolicznych w różnych tkankach. Jednym z najbardziej rozpoznawalnych celów komórkowych dla statyn są mitochondria.
Cel. Celem tej pracy przeglądowej jest podsumowanie aktualnego stanu wiedzy na temat najlepiej poznanych efektów działania statyn na mitochondria, głównie w mięśniach szkieletowych, mięśniu sercowym, trzustce i wątrobie.
Metody. Dokonano przeglądu piśmiennictwa, przeszukując bazy danych naukowych PubMed i Google Scholar. Strategia wyszukiwania obejmowała następujące terminy MeSH: “Statins” lub “HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors” i “Mitochondria”, “Muscle” lub “Myocytes”, “Cardiac muscle” lub “Heart”, “Pancreas” lub “Beta Cells”, Liver” lub “Hepatocytes”. Uwzględniono badania na ludziach, zwierzętach oraz badania in vitro. Wykluczono streszczenia konferencyjne, opinie i artykuły redakcyjne.
Wyniki. Statyny modyfikują funkcje mitochondriów poprzez wpływ na poziom CoQ10, homeostazę reaktywnych form tlenu (ROS), metabolizm tlenowy mitochondriów, a także regulację procesów mitofagii i ferroptozy. Sugerowano, że obniżenie poziomu CoQ10 w mięśniach może być jednym z czynników związanych z miotoksycznością, czyli najczęstszym działaniem niepożądanym statyn. Obecnie nie ma jednak jednoznacznych dowodów na bezpośredni związek między redukcją CoQ10 w mięśniach a rozwojem objawów mięśniowych związanych z terapią statynami (SAMS). Statyny modyfikują także homeostazę ROS, a ich wpływ na poziom ROS jest specyficzny tkankowo. W mięśniach szkieletowych statyny wywołują stres oksydacyjny, podczas gdy w mięśniu sercowym statyny generują niski poziom ROS i pobudzają mechanizmy antyoksydacyjne. W ludzkich mięśniach szkieletowych statyny upośledzają również mitochondrialny metabolizm oksydacyjny, co przyczynia się do wystąpienia miotoksyczności. Natomiast w mięśniu sercowym i wątrobie, poprzez modyfikację metabolizmu oksydacyjnego, statyny zapobiegają rozwojowi zaburzeń sercowych i stłuszczeniu wątroby. Dysfunkcja mitochondrialnych szlaków metabolicznych spowodowana przez statyny prowadzi do zahamowania wydzielania insuliny z komórek β oraz nasilenia produkcji glukozy w wątrobie.
Wnioski. Wpływ statyn na mitochondria jest złożony i specyficzny tkankowo. Poprzez odmienną regulację funkcji mitochondriów, statyny wywołują zarówno korzystne, jak i niepożądane efekty. Wyniki badań wskazują, że w mięśniu sercowym statyny, wywierają działanie kardioprotekcyjne, podczas gdy ich wpływ na mitochondria mięśni szkieletowych wiąże się z miotoksycznością. Dysregulacja metabolizmu mitochondriów w komórkach β trzustki i hepatocytach jest jednym z mechanizmów diabetogennego działania statyn.
Remote Inference Over Dynamic Links via Adaptive Rate Deep Task-Oriented Vector Quantization
Authors: Fishel Eyal , Malka May , Shlezinger Nir , Ginzach Shai
Published: January 2025

A broad range of technologies rely on _remote inference_, wherein data acquired is conveyed over a communication channel for inference in a remote server. Communication between the participating entities is often carried out over rate-limited channels, necessitating data compression for reducing latency. While deep learning facilitates joint design of the compression mapping along with encoding and inference rules, existing learned compression mechanisms are static, and struggle in adapting their resolution to changes in channel conditions and to dynamic links. To address this, we propose Adaptive Rate Task-Oriented Vector Quantization (ARTOVeQ), a learned compression mechanism that is tailored for remote inference over dynamic links. ARTOVeQ is based on designing nested codebooks along with a learning algorithm employing progressive learning. We show that ARTOVeQ extends to support low-latency inference that is gradually refined via successive refinement principles, and that it enables the simultaneous usage of multiple resolutions when conveying high-dimensional data. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme yields remote deep inference that operates with multiple rates, supports a broad range of bit budgets, and facilitates rapid inference that gradually improves with more bits exchanged, while approaching the performance of single-rate deep quantization methods.
GAF-FusionNet: Multimodal ECG Analysis via Gramian Angular Fields and Split Attention
Authors: Qin Jiahao , Liu Feng
Published: January 2025

Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis plays a crucial role in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, but accurate interpretation of these complex signals remains challenging. This paper introduces a novel multimodal framework(GAF-FusionNet) for ECG classification that integrates time-series analysis with image-based representation using Gramian Angular Fields (GAF). Our approach employs a dual-layer cross-channel split attention module to adaptively fuse temporal and spatial features, enabling nuanced integration of complementary information. We evaluate GAF-FusionNet on three diverse ECG datasets: ECG200, ECG5000, and the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. Results demonstrate significant improvements over state-of-the-art methods, with our model achieving 94.5%, 96.9%, and 99.6% accuracy on the respective datasets. Our code will soon be available at https://github.com/Cross-Innovation-Lab/GAF-FusionNet.git.
Mapping of Flood and Landslide Prone Areas using Composite Mapping Analysis Method Based on Geographic Information System in East Aceh
Authors: Maulita Maya , Nurdin Nurdin , Taufiq Taufiq
Published: January 2025

Disaster is an event that causes great losses to the community. Disasters are destructive, very detrimental, and require a long time to recover. To overcome the impact of natural disasters on the community in East Aceh Regency, research is needed related to the mapping system for multi-disaster prone areas (floods and landslides) in East Aceh Regency. The application used for the mapping process is ArcGIS Desktop and the research methodology used for mapping is Composite Mapping Analysis which consists of the process of determining the class of each parameter, determining the weight of each parameter by combining each parameter. The method of combining them consists of a scoring process for each parameter, then overlaying the parameters used, calculating and producing relative weights or spatial means, and combining spatial means to produce a value from the weight of each parameter for floods and landslides. The results of the study showed that the percentage of area for the class very prone to flood disasters was 232,156.13 Ha (42.3%), the vulnerable class had an area of 228,634.01 Ha (41.7%), and the non-vulnerable class had an area of 87,687.40 Ha (16%). The percentage of area for the class that is very vulnerable to landslides is 49,998.13 Ha (9.5%), the vulnerable class has an area of 301,863.93 Ha (57.2%), and the non-vulnerable class has an area of 175,542.56 Ha (33.3%). The contribution of this research is to provide information on disaster-prone areas, causal factors, characteristics of vulnerability to natural disasters such as floods and landslides and provide a basis for more effective decision-making in disaster mitigation and management efforts. This approach offers a new contribution to the technology of mapping and classifying disaster-prone areas.
Assessing User Experience of ChatGPT Website Employing the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ)
Authors: Putri Dila Okta Dwi , Lestarini Dinda
Published: January 2025

One form of information technology advancement is the use of AI in website development, one of which is ChatGPT website. ChatGPT has a poor user experience in various aspects, so it is necessary to evaluate the user experience on the ChatGPT website using User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). The attractiveness variable obtained a positive evaluation value of 1.503. The perspicuity variable obtained a positive evaluation value of 1.661. The efficiency variable obtained a positive evaluation value of 1.615. The dependability variable obtained a positive evaluation value with an overall average value of 1.286. The stimulation variable obtained a positive evaluation value of 1.182. The novelty variable obtained a positive evaluation value of 0.942. The ChatGPT website has shown good quality because it has a positive evaluation value from user assessments. However, in the attractiveness, dependability, and novelty variables, there are still several items that get neutral ratings. So product improvements are still needed to increase user satisfaction.
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Consultation System with the Forward Chaining Method at Hams Hospital Kisaran
Authors: Nasution Putri Alfiani , Siddik Mohd. , Rahayu Elly
Published: January 2025

Many patients go to Dr. Finera Winda S. Tobing at HAMS Kisaran Hospital for the treatment of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae. Meanwhile, there is only 1 special doctor (specialist) who handles this problem. This makes it difficult for doctors to work optimally because it can cause human error due to fatigue at work, so a system is needed that is able to help doctors carry out initial diagnoses of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae and provide solutions to this problem. Based on the description above, the author implemented an expert system related to Mycoplasma Pneumoniae at HAMS Kisaran Regional Hospital. The author hopes that this system can help the public find out about Mycoplasma Pneumoniae earlier and help doctors diagnose patients. The research method used in this research is qualitative research, which is research that only collects data and explains it descriptively/narratively without having to process it with statistical testing. This research will only utilize data obtained from the research site and input it without changing anything. The results of this research are that the expert system for diagnosing Mycoplasma Pneumoniae is effective and efficient in helping doctors, Dr. Finera Winda S. Tobing and makes it easier for patients to consult because patients can consult with a doctor online and can find out their disease correctly so that this research can truly be achieved to overcome existing problems
Designing Attack Surface in Early Childhood Education System Environment using Risk Assessment and Enterprise Architecture Approach
Authors: Setiawan Dadang , Oktaria Dita , Prabowo Sidik , Indrasari Elizabeth Sastrina
Published: January 2025

As digital technologies increasingly permeate the education sector, the need to safeguard sensitive personal data within early childhood education systems becomes paramount. In Indonesia, where the adoption of digital tools in education is rapidly expanding, these systems are particularly vulnerable due to the hybrid nature of their processes, varying levels of digital literacy among stakeholders, and a complex regulatory environment. This research addresses the challenge of securing Indonesia’s early childhood education systems by designing a minimized attack surface through the integration of ISO 27005-based risk assessment and the TOGAF enterprise architecture framework. ISO 27005 provides a systematic methodology for identifying, assessing, and mitigating information security risks, ensuring compliance with the Indonesian Personal Data Protection Law (UUPDP). TOGAF is utilized to structure the enterprise architecture, aligning IT strategies with institutional goals while embedding robust security measures across the digital infrastructure. The research methodology involves identifying critical assets and potential threats, evaluating these threats using ISO 27005, and developing a secure architecture tailored to the unique needs of Indonesian early childhood education systems. The proposed framework is validated through application in a case study involving several Indonesian early childhood education institutions. This approach not only enhances the security posture of these institutions but also aligns with cultural and regulatory considerations, offering a comprehensive solution for protecting vulnerable educational environments in Indonesia.
Digital Transformation and Performance Optimization at XYZ Higher Education through TOGAF-Based Enterprise Architecture
Authors: Febriyani Widia , Samsudin Samsudin
Published: January 2025

Information technology (IT) has become an indispensable component of the corporate landscape in the digital age, reshaping how organizations operate. The rapid development of IT has revolutionized traditional business methods, transforming them into more efficient, technology-driven operations. Companies and institutions worldwide increasingly focus on digitalization to integrate business processes, streamline workflows, and enhance productivity. XYZ University in Indonesia, as an educational institution, is not immune to this shift. To stay competitive and efficient, the university aims to implement fundamental principles of coordination and integration within its internal structure and with external partners. A central goal of XYZ University’s digital transformation efforts is to streamline its business processes and bolster its cybersecurity framework. These initiatives are critical to the university’s broader strategy of developing a robust Enterprise Architecture (EA). This research focuses on the Academic Directorate and addresses three fundamental domains: business processes, data and information management, and application systems. By concentrating on these areas, the research aims to develop an EA blueprint to provide a comprehensive framework for enhancing the university’s digital capabilities. This blueprint is intended to serve as a strategic solution for integrating information systems, ensuring smooth data flow across departments, and improving the overall efficiency of business processes within the institution. It will help XYZ University achieve its digital transformation goals in the long term, leading to better coordination, more robust security, and higher operational efficiency.
Optimization of the Naive Bayes Algorithm with SMOTETomek Combination for Imbalance Class Fraud Detection
Authors: Arsanto Arief Tri , Faizin Arif , Lutfi Moch , Saadah Zulfatun Nikmatus
Published: January 2025

The use of credit cards in the modern era is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent it with the use of technology such as address verification systems (AVS), card verification methods (CVM), and personal identification Numbers (PIN). Dataset analysis needs to be carried out to analyze the history of transactions that have been carried out. In the fraud detection dataset, it can be seen that there are attributes that cause data imbalance. Class imbalance in a dataset is a significant problem in machine learning that can affect overall model performance. The number of majority samples is more significant in one class than the number of minority classes. This research used an oversampling approach using a combination of smote and tomek-link. The focus of this research is card fraud classification. Detection of imbalanced datasets or imbalanced classes is carried out using the Naive Bayes method as a classification algorithm. In addition, a combination of resampling techniques is also applied to overcome imbalanced classes in this dataset through the SMOTETomek approach. SMOTETomek is a method that reduces the number of samples by considering two adjacent data from the minority and majority classes. Meanwhile, from the problems above, the results of the performance of Naïve Bayes, which experienced issues with data imbalance in this study, a resampling method was proposed in the hope of improving the performance of the Naïve Bayes algorithm and in the results of the AUC ROC curve, the SMOTETomek method could improve the performance of the Naïve Bayes algorithm. The higher the ROC score. -AUC, the better the model performance in terms of its ability to differentiate between two classes, but the accuracy results do not experience a significant change.
The noble family of Pobidynski of the Gryf coat of arms in the Sanok land in the 15th century
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lyseyko Yaroslav
Published: January 2025

The aim of this article is to explore the genealogy and history of the noble Pobidynski family in the 15th century, based on records from the Sanok zemsky and grodsky courts. The research methodology is grounded in the principles of scientific criticism, objectivity, and historicism, as well as the use of general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization, statistical) and specific historical methods (microhistorical, historical-typological, historical-systematic). The scientific novelty lies in the microhistorical examination of the history and genealogy of the Pobidynski family, as a typical noble family of the Sanok land in the 15th century, with clarified details on the family's composition, structure, and the evolution of their estate. Conclusions: The progenitor of the Pobidynski family settled in the Sanok land no earlier than the 1370s, during the reign of Vladyslav of Opole in Galicia. In the early 15th century, the Pobidynski family used the ownership designation "of Pustków," which was uncommon in the Sanok land, to indicate their origin. In the first quarter of the 15th century, the Pobidynski family was represented by the brothers Klemens, Pavlo, and Hebda of Pustkow and Pobidno. Initially, their estate in the Sanok land comprised three villages – Pobidno, Pysarivci, and Dudynci. Klemens and Pavlo, and especially Pavlos son Leonard, made efforts to expand their holdings by acquiring neighboring properties. By the end of the 15th century, the Pobidynski family had become one of the wealthiest in the Sanok land. Their prominent social status was evidenced not only by their wealth but also by the offices held by family members in each generation throughout the 15th century. Holding these offices demonstrated their involvement in public life and allowed them to distinguish themselves among the nobility. The most prominent position was held by Klemens Pobidynski, the land judge of Sanok land. His nephew, Leonard Pavlovych, held the more modest position of Sanok's voyski, while Leonard's son, Vaclav Pobidynski, briefly served as the Sanok stolnyk. The 15th century was a period of continuous growth for the Pobidynski family's estate. Through purchases alone, the Pobidynskis acquired about nine settlements. The family's marital alliances in the 15th century were mostly confined to the Sanok land. Of the ten known marriages involving family members during this period, eight were with families who owned property in the Sanok land, and only two were with outsiders. Another seven marriages do not specify the origin of the marriage partners. Throughout the 15th century, the family showed a consistent trend of growth. The second generation was represented by three brothers – Klemens, Pavlo, and Hebda. The third generation included seven children of Klemens and Pavlo, and the fourth generation consisted of nine grandchildren.
The social status of the Ukrainian intelligentsia of Galicia at the end of the 19th century
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Hanusyn Olena
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to analyze the main characteristics (material, cultural, social, symbolic) that defined the social status of the Galician intelligentsia at the end of the 19th century. The research methodology is based on a prosopographic approach and the creation of a collective biography, which allow for tracking the self-perceptions, aspirations, and lifestyle models of the intelligentsia, shaped by societal norms, rules, or trends. The scientific novelty lies in the first attempt to examine the image of the Ukrainian-Galician intelligentsia at the end of the 19th century not through the lens of their professional, civic, or political activities, but rather through the perception of their status as a social group and the conditions for achieving such status. Conclusions. The social status of the Ukrainian intelligentsia in Galicia at the end of the 19th century was largely defined by profession, position, material wealth, appearance, attire, etiquette, and manners rather than by social or ethnic origin. A university professor, district judge, or lawyer was highly respected among the Galician public, regardless of nationality. Those intelligentsia members who lacked financial resources relied on symbolic capital the societal value brought by their work. In a stateless society, civic and cultural activities were seen as noble pursuits that significantly influenced the intelligentsia’s image and status. To some extent, "working for others" and "fulfilling one’s duty to the people" became tools for enhancing one’s social status.
The institute of professorial scholars as a form of training academic and pedagogical staff in Ukrainian universities in 1917-1920
Authors:   Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University, Voitovych Oleksandr
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this article is to investigate the key aspects of training professorial scholars in state universities of Ukraine during 1917–1920, based on archival sources, scientific works, and periodical materials. The methodological foundation of the study includes general scientific principles of historicism, objectivity, comprehensiveness, integrity, systematicity, reliability, and criticality, along with interdisciplinary quantitative-analytical and statistical methods. The scientific novelty lies in focusing on the study of the institute of professorial scholarship as an important segment of university activity, a function that has not yet been thoroughly examined in the context of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1920. Additionally, the article introduces and analyzes a range of little-known archival materials into the scientific discourse. Conclusions. In the years 1917–1920, a well-tested and generally effective classical organization for training academic staff through the institute of professorial scholarship was maintained in the established universities St. Volodymyr, Novorossiysky, and Kharkiv as well as in the new Ukrainian state universities – Kyiv and Kamianets-Podilskyi. According to our calculations, during this period, a total of at least 170 individuals were preparing for professorial titles across the faculties of these institutions, with the humanities as the primary field of academic preparation. The majority of scholarship holders were young men under the age of 30. Despite the traditional prevalent gender inequality, a trend toward eliminating gender restrictions was evident, with cases of female graduates from higher women's educational institutions and European universities being accepted as scholarship recipients. The funding for these scholarships was predominantly provided by the state, with university funds used only in exceptional cases. In their commitment to developing national academic and pedagogical staff, Ukrainian governments took measures to admit talented Ukrainian-speaking youth as professorial scholars in both classical and newly established universities, offering them increased scholarships and opportunities for internships abroad.
The Middle Eastern and Greek mythological origins of understanding the image of the old Russian Swarog
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Bondarenko Oleksandr , Tupchienko Mykola ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: January 2025

The purpose of reseach is to analyse, based on chronicle texts and research in the field of comparative mythology, the validity of the chronicler's association of the ancient Russian Svarog with the Greek gods Hephaestus and Helios, and to identify the Middle Eastern origins of his interpretation. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, comprehensiveness, objectivity and systematicity. The methods of comparative mythology, hermeneutics and linguistics were used in the study. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt to reveal the image of the ancient Russian chronicle Svarog by searching for the origins of his formation in the Middle Eastern and Greek ancient mythology, in revealing his dual solar-thunder nature, and in raising the question of the monistic nature of the pre-Christian beliefs of the population of Ancient Rus. Conclusions. The chronicle identification of the ancient Russian pagan god Svarog with the Greek god-smith Hephaestus and the sun god Helios was dictated by the very nature of the ancient gods and the dual solar-thunder nature of Svarog himself. Given that Hephaestus (Theostes) was of Middle Eastern origin and originally embodied an all-encompassing cosmic deity with distinct features of both a solar god and a thunder god, the comparison of the chronicle's Svarog with both ancient gods, who in the chronicle's text appears as a cultural hero who became the founder of civilisation, becomes quite understandable. At the same time, the identification of Svarog not only with Hephaestus, but also with the solar god, raises the question of the possibility of developing monistic ideas in the mythological worldview of the ancient Russian population on the eve of the introduction of Christianity by Volodymyr (988), which contributed to its adoption and the formation of the phenomenon of national dualism