bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDI DINAMIKA SENYAWA FOSFAT DALAM KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI CILIWUNG HULU KOTA BOGOR
Authors: Sutamihardja RTM , Azizah Mia , Hardini Yunita
Published: August 2018

Study of Dynamics of Phosphate in the Water Quality in Bogor of Upstream Ciliwung RiverCiliwung River has existed and become an important part of the community since ancient period. Since 2009, the Ciliwung River has been polluted condition from upstream. One of the pollutant that could decrease the quality of river water was phosphate. Excessive phosphate level in water bodies caused nutrient enrichment conditions (eutrophication). The presence of nitrate supporting phosphate also caused algae blooming, one of the environmental problem. The research was conducted to determine the dynamics of the phosphate compound of Ciliwung River whether the pollution was reduced, same, or worse. The research included sampling of river water at three points of Katulampa, Pasar Bogor, and Warung Jambu River with sampling time interval of 8 hours in a day for 3 weeks in a row. The data of phosphate and nitrate concentration were measured and compared to the results in PP No.82 year 2001. The total of phosphate in Ciliwung river water has exceeded threshold level in accordance with the environmental quality standard of PP. 82 year 2001, and has been indicated to be in eutrophication condition.Keywords: Ciliwung River, Water Quality, Water Pollution, Phosphate.ABSTRAKSungai Ciliwung telah ada dan menjadi bagian penting masyarakat sejak zaman purba. Namun seiring dengan berlalunya waktu dan perkembangan pesat, sejak tahun 2009 Sungai Ciliwung telah tercemar dari hulu. Salah satu polutan yang bisa menurunkan kualitas air sungai adalah fosfat. Keberadaan fosfat yang berlebihan di badan air dapat menyebabkan kondisi pengayaan nutrisi (eutrofikasi), dan dengan dukungan nitrat dapat menyebabkan algae blooming yang menjadi salah satu masalah lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dinamika senyawa fosfat Sungai Ciliwung apakah pencemarannya berkurang, sama, atau lebih buruk. Ruang lingkup penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel air sungai pada tiga titik Katulampa, Pasar Bogor, dan Warung Jambu dengan interval waktu sampling 8 jam dalam sehari, dan dilakukan setiap minggu selama 3 minggu berturut-turut. Kemudian dilakukan analisis sampel di laboratorium, serta interpretasi data dengan membandingkan hasilnya terhadap PP No.82 tahun 2001. Nilai total fosfat di air sungai Ciliwung Hulu tidak memenuhi standar kualitas lingkungan PP. 82 tahun 2001, dan diindikasikan berada dalam kondisi eutrofikasi.Kata kunci: Sungai Ciliwung, Kualitas Air, Polusi Air, Fosfat.
Antimicrobial Stewardship: Bangladesh Perspective
Authors: Yusuf Mohammad Abdullah
Published: August 2018

Abstract Not AvailableBangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2018;5(1):1-2
Bacteriological Profiles of Pus with Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern at a Teaching Hospital in Dhaka City
Authors: Khanam Rashida Akter , Islam Md Rafiqul , Sharif Ahmed , Parveen Rezina , Sharmin Ishrat , Yusuf Md Abdullah
Published: August 2018

Background: The human skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) caused by microbial pathogens during or after trauma, burn injuries, and surgical procedures result in the production of pus, a white to yellow fluid comprised of dead WBCs, cellular debris, and necrotic tissues.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the frequency and distribution of bacteria isolated from pus and sensitivity pattern.Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka from January 2016 to December 2016 for a period of one (01) year. The pus samples were collected from the patients who were visited in outpatient department and were admitted at IPD in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital (ShSMCH), Dhaka with skin and soft tissue infection. Bacteria were detected by culture and biochemical test and antibiotic susceptibility test done by disc diffusion method.Result: A total number of 212 patients presented with wound infection or pus were recruited for this study. Among 212 patients majority were in the age group of 20 to 40 years which was 89(42.0%) cases. Interestingly male was predominant than female which was 119(56.1%) cases and 93(43.9%) cases respectively. aerobic culture was positive in majority cases which were 131(61.8%) cases.Conclusion: In conclusion the most common isolated bacteria after aerobic culture of pus is the Staphylococcus aureus. However the gram positive cocci is less in number than gram negative bacilli.Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2018;5(1):10-14
Status of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Bacteria Isolated from Surgical and Burn Wound at Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City
Authors: Rahman Mostaqimur , Sultana Hafiza , Mosawuir Md Abdullahil , Akhter Latifa , Yusuf Md Abdullah
Published: August 2018

Background: Surgical and burn wound infection are the most common infection in the hospital settings. Objective: The aim of the present study was to see the status of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria isolated from patients presented with surgical and burn wound infection.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, BSMMU from January to December 2006, at a period of one year. This study was carried out to detect extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Gram negative bacteria rapidly by using a kit containing chromogenic cephalosporin directly from primary culture by comparison with phenotypic confirmatory method.Result: Total 181 samples were collected from patients with wound infections of which 170(93.9%) bacteria were isolated. Among individual samples ESBLs positive strains were highest in surgical wound which was 22(31.42%) and 24(28.24%) isolates respectively. From surgical wound swab ESBL was found 3(42.9%) isolates from Klebsiella species. ESBL producing E. coli was found in 12(35.3%) isolates. Pseudomonas species showed in 2(22.2%) isolates and 1(33.3%) isolate of Acinetobactor species. ESBL positive E. coli was found in 5(45.45%) isolates from burn wound. ESBL positive Proteus species was detected in 11(28.94%) isolates from burn wound.Conclusion: Most common bacteria isolated from the infected surgical and burn wound are E. coli and Proteus species, though Klebsiella species is the most common ESBL producing bacteria isolated from both infected surgical and burn wound.Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2018;5(1):21-26
miR-1284 Inhibits the Growth and Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells by Targeting ZIC2
Authors: Zhang Pengcheng , Yang Fang , Luo Qin , Yan Daxue , Sun Shengrong
Published: August 2018

miR-1284 has been reported to inhibit tumor growth in some human cancers, including lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and gastric cancer. Whether it regulates breast cancer progression remains elusive. In this study, we found that miR-1284 was downregulated in breast cancer tissues and cell
lines compared to normal control cells. Moreover, we showed that overexpression of miR-1284 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells while promoting apoptosis. In terms of mechanism, we found that transcription factor ZIC2 was a target of miR-1284
in breast cancer cells. Through the luciferase reporter assay, we demonstrated their direct interaction. RT-qPCR and Western blot also indicated that miR-1284 overexpression inhibited the protein levels of ZIC2 in breast cancer cells. Moreover, we found that ZIC2 knockdown inhibited the proliferation,
migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells, whereas restoration of ZIC2 reversed the effects of miR-1284 on breast cancer cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that miR-1284 suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells via targeting ZIC2, which
provided a new insight on the development of therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment.
Robo-AO Kepler Survey. V. The Effect of Physically Associated Stellar Companions on Planetary Systems
Authors: Ziegler Carl , Law Nicholas M. , Baranec Christoph , Howard Ward , Morton Tim , Riddle Reed , Duev Dmitry A. , Salama Maïssa , Jensen-Clem Rebecca , Kulkarni S. R.
Published: August 2018

The Kepler light curves used to detect thousands of planetary candidates are susceptible to dilution due to blending with previously unknown nearby stars. With the automated laser adaptive optics instrument, Robo-AO, we have observed 620 nearby stars around 3857 planetary candidates host stars. Many of the nearby stars, however, are not bound to the KOI. We use galactic stellar models and the observed stellar density to estimate the number and properties of unbound stars. We estimate the spectral type and distance to 145 KOIs with nearby stars using multi-band observations from Robo-AO and Keck-AO. Most stars within 1″  of a Kepler planetary candidate are likely bound, in agreement with past studies. We use likely bound stars and the precise stellar parameters from the California Kepler Survey to search for correlations between stellar binarity and planetary properties. No significant difference between the binarity fraction of single and multiple-planet systems is found, and planet hosting stars follow similar binarity trends as field stars, many of which likely host their own non-aligned planets. We find that hot Jupiters are ∼4× more likely than other planets to reside in a binary star system. We correct the radius estimates of the planet candidates in characterized systems and find that for likely bound systems, the estimated planetary radii will increase on average by a factor of 1.77, if either star is equally likely to host the planet. Lastly, we find the planetary radius gap is robust to the impact of dilution.
Effect of Stress, Depression and Type D Personality on Immune System in the Incidence of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Masafi Saideh , Saadat Seyed Hassan , Tehranchi Katayoun , Olya Roohollah , Heidari Mostafa , Malihialzackerini Saied , Jafari Mahdi , Rajabi Ehsan
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND: Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is the study of the interaction between psychological processes and the nervous and immune systems of the human body. The impact of psychological factors on the immune system and the role of this system in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) are confirmed. Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is arisen due to the failure of blood and oxygen to the heart tissues.AIM: The present study aimed to describe psychoneuroimmunological processes which contribute to CAD and CHD progression.METHOD: Such psychological risk factors like stress, depression and type D personality were investigated here. Psychoneuroimmunological pathways of all three mentioned risk factors were described for CAD.RESULTS: The studies review indicated that stress could be accompanied with myocardial ischemia and help to rupture. The depression involves in the transfer of stable atherosclerotic plaque to unstable, and type D personality is effective in the initial stages of a CAD.CONCLUSION: As more information on cardiovascular immunity becomes available, this will provide a better understanding and thus act as the foundation for the potential development of new treatment strategies for treatment of cardiovascular disorders.
Advantages of CAD/CAM versus Conventional Complete Dentures - A Review
Authors: Janeva Nadica Mihajlo , Kovacevska Gordana , Elencevski Saso , Panchevska Sanja , Mijoska Aneta , Lazarevska Bisera
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND: The introduction and evolution of CAD/CAM technology into complete dentures fabrication brought high expectations in improving disadvantages associated with conventional methods.AIM: The purpose of this review was to analyse the existing literature on computer-engineered complete dentures and to determine their advantages over the conventional dentures.MATERIAL AND METHODS: An electronic search of the English literature from January 1994 to March 2018 was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, using the following keywords: CAD/CAM complete dentures, computer-engineered complete dentures, complete digital dentures, complete milled dentures, and rapid prototyping dentures.RESULTS: A total of 179 English language titles were obtained from the database, and 14 were relevant to fulfil the purpose of this review. A review of 7 articles is summarized in 2 tables for presenting a comparison between CAD/CAM and conventional dentures in clinical and laboratory studies.CONCLUSION: Following the review of articles that discussed the comparison between CAD/CAM and conventional complete dentures in clinical studies, it can be concluded that the main advantages of CAD/CAM dentures are the reduced clinical chair time and the number of visits, digital archiving, significantly higher retention, and more favorable clinical and patient-centered outcomes. As a result of the review of laboratory studies, superior mechanical and physical properties in CAD/CAM dentures were revealed, concerning enhanced accuracy of fit of milled denture bases, less denture tooth movement and increased toughness, ultimate flexural strength, and higher elastic modulus.
Compétences interculturelles individuelles au sein d’une équipe multiculturelle : une étude expérimentale
Authors: Karjalainen Héléna , Benhaida Dounia
Published: August 2018

Nombreux sont les échecs des organisations internationales attribués aux manques de compétences interculturelles de la part des employés et des managers. Aussi, la littérature actuelle cherche non seulement un consensus sur la définition du concept de compétence interculturelle, mais elle cherche également les moyens de le mesurer, car il s’avère difficilement mesurable. L’objectif de cette étude exploratoire est de contribuer à la recherche sur les compétences interculturelles individuelles et d’approfondir la compréhension de l’acquisition de ces compétences en utilisant une méthodologie mixte, quantitative et qualitative avec des cartes cognitives.
Gouvernance, RSE et performance financière : vers une compréhension globale de leurs relations ?
Authors: Sahut Jean-Michel , Mili Medhi , Teulon Frédéric
Published: August 2018

Cet article analyse les liens entre la gouvernance, la responsabilité sociale des entreprises (RSE) et la performance financière au travers d’une approche structurelle PLS-PM pour un échantillon de grandes entreprises américaines et européennes. Nos résultats mettent tout d’abord en lumière que la gouvernance et certaines variables financières sont des antécédents de la RSE. Le déterminant principal de la RSE est donc la gouvernance sous certaines contraintes financières. Ensuite, nous montrons que les pratiques de RSE augmentent la performance financière des firmes, avec un impact plus fort pour la performance comptable et différencié suivant les trois composantes de la RSE. Enfin, nous identifions un double impact, direct et indirect (à travers la RSE), de la gouvernance sur la performance financière, alors que la littérature s’est contentée de mettre en évidence uniquement le lien direct entre ces deux facteurs.
Contenu et effets de la proximité institutionnelle : un cas d’enfermement dans l’industrie aéronautique
Authors: Hamouda Ibtissem , Talbot Damien
Published: August 2018

Si divers travaux se sont attachés à mesurer et caractériser certaines dimensions de la proximité, la proximité institutionnelle reste probablement la moins étudiée : cet article vise à combler ce manque. Nous proposons d’analyser la proximité institutionnelle par l’étude des représentations collectives portées par les acteurs en réalisant une analyse de contenu thématique. Dans une visée compréhensive, 11 acteurs de l’aéronautique ont été interrogés sur leur perception de cette proximité. L’analyse des discours nous a permis de mettre au jour le contenu de la proximité institutionnelle et ses effets sur les relations inter-organisationnelles. En particulier, une perception positive mais aussi négative de l’industrie aéronautique apparaît, ce qui est une nouveauté, tandis qu’un effet inattendu d’enfermement ( lock-in ) se fait jour.
Loi MAPTAM et pratiques managériales de communication financière : quelles valeurs publiques pour l’action territoriale de demain ?
Authors: Michel-Clupot Muriel , Rouot Serge
Published: August 2018

Recomposant les territoires autour des grandes villes françaises, la loi MAPTAM réaffirme les métropoles. La nouvelle règle de droit se traduit dans les pratiques managériales de communication financière. La production de valeurs publiques locales en est affectée : meilleure intégration de l’avenir, plus grande reddition des comptes, mais aussi une prise de distance avec le citoyen.
Quand la législation se heurte à la tradition : le cas de la loi Labbé
Authors: Lambert Charlène , Tellier Albéric
Published: August 2018

Dans cette étude, nous cherchons à comprendre les comportements de professionnels traditionnels face à une loi qui entre en conflit avec leur tradition. Lorsque tradition et règlementation s’opposent, comment réagissent les professionnels ? A l’aide d’une étude qualitative exploratoire sur une étude de cas unique – le cas de la loi Labbé – nous avons développé des propositions qui permettent d’expliquer le comportement des professionnels face à la loi.
Politics and the Supreme Court: The Need for Ideological Balance
Authors: Orentlicher David
Published: August 2018

Politics and the Supreme Court: The Need for Ideological Balance
The Hidden History of Northern Civil Rights Law and the Villainous Supreme Court, 1875-1915
Authors: Finkelman Paul
Published: August 2018

The Hidden History of Northern Civil Rights Law and the Villainous Supreme Court, 1875-1915
Identity-Based Conflicts in Public Policy: Hydraulic Fracturing in Pennsylvania
Authors: Peck Alison
Published: August 2018

Identity-Based Conflicts in Public Policy: Hydraulic Fracturing in Pennsylvania
Reductive C2‐Alkylation of Pyridine and Quinoline N‐Oxides Using Wittig Reagents
Authors: Han Sangil , Chakrasali Prashant , Park Jihye , Oh Hyunjung , Kim Saegun , Kim Kyuneun , Pandey Ashok Kumar , Han Sang Hoon , Han Soo Bong , Kim In Su
Published: August 2018

The ability to alkylate pyridines and quinolines is important for their further development as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, and for other purposes. Herein we describe the unprecedented reductive alkylation of pyridine and quinoline N‐oxides using Wittig reagents. A wide range of pyridine and quinoline N‐oxides were converted into C2‐alkylated pyridines and quinolines with excellent site selectivity and functional‐group compatibility. Sequential C−H functionalization reactions of pyridine and quinoline N‐oxides highlight the utility of the developed method. Detailed labeling experiments were performed to elucidate the mechanism of this process.
Planetary boundary layer evolution over an equatorial Andean valley: A simplified model based on balloon‐borne and surface measurements
Authors: Cazorla Maria , Juncosa Julieta
Published: August 2018

Planetary boundary layer (PBL) evolution over a populated Andean valley east of Quito, Ecuador is investigated through an empirical model. Balloon‐borne measurements of boundary layer height (PBLh) were found to correlate strongly (R2 = 0.871) as a function of virtual temperature at the surface calculated with 10 min ground station observations. This simplified model captures slow and fast regimes of PBL growth observed from the early morning to midday, which lead to the development of either shallow or deep PBLs. Surface conditions under which different scenarios of PBL develop are discussed in light of a test performed with 2015 station data. The proposed model can be used with the purpose of interpreting air quality measurements.
“It's like a refuge”: Young people's relationships with school counsellors
Authors: Knight Karis , Gibson Kerry , Cartwright Claire
Published: August 2018

Aim

The counselling relationship is important for engaging young people, but more understanding about how young people experience this in the context of school counselling is necessary. This study explored young people's understanding of the counselling relationship in two New Zealand schools.

Method

Twenty‐two participants between the ages of 16 and 18 took part in unstructured narrative interviews on their experience of school counselling. The data were analysed to identify themes related specifically to participants’ experience of the counselling relationship.

Findings

Five themes highlighting positive aspects of the relationship with the school counsellor were identified; young people's experiences of a genuine connection with a counsellor, the experience of being listened to, availability and accessibility of the counsellor on site at school, the counsellor's belief in the young person and the counsellor's potential to be an advocate for the young person in the school context. Negative experiences of the counselling relationship were described in the absence of these features.

Conclusions and implications for practice

The “School counsellor” has the potential to be experienced as a “refuge” for young people in the context of a hierarchical and evaluative school environment, within which they can feel accepted, understood and safe. Accessibility and the counsellor's ability to serve as an advocate in the school context means school counselling can be an important primary care intervention for young people in distress.
Making Nanosized CHA Zeolites with Controlled Al Distribution for Optimizing Methanol‐to‐Olefin Performance
Authors: Gallego Eva M. , Li Chengeng , Paris Cecilia , Martín Nuria , Martínez‐Triguero Joaquín , Boronat Mercedes , Moliner Manuel , Corma Avelino
Published: August 2018

From theoretical calculations and a rational synthesis methodology, it has been possible to prepare nanocrystalline (60–80 nm) chabazite with an optimized framework Al distribution that has a positive impact on its catalytic properties. This is exemplified for the methanol‐to‐olefin (MTO) process. The nanosized material with the predicted Al distribution maximizes the formation of the required MTO hydrocarbon pool intermediates, while better precluding excessive diffusion pathways that favor the rapid catalyst deactivation by coke formation.
Detection of BCR/ABL Fusion Gene Based on MNAzyme‐mediated Target‐cycling and ssDNA‐assisted Cascade Hybridization Reaction
Authors: Duan Yu , Yuan Taixian , Xu Yongjie , Zhao Min , Guo Bin , Cheng Wei , Ding Shijia
Published: August 2018

A novel and simple electrochemical strategy has been developed for ultrasensitive and specific detection of BCR/ABL fusion gene based on multi component nucleic acid enzyme (MNAzyme) and ssDNA‐assisted cascade hybridization reaction. In the presence of Mg2+, a stable active MNAzyme was formed by the homogeneous recognition and specific binding with the target, initiating shear reaction of hairpin probe (HP) to produce numerous triggers. These triggers could hybridize with the immobilized capture probes and the biotinylated P1 and P2, which caused the heterogeneous ssDNA‐assisted cascade hybridization reaction on the surface of the electrode. Binding with the biotin‐rich long concatamers structure, streptavidin‐alkaline phosphatase (ST‐AP) could catalyze α‐naphthyl phosphate (α‐NPP) to produce amplified electrochemical signals. The electrochemical DNA biosensor showed high sensitivity for target gene with detection limit of 2.19×10−14 M. In addition, the established biosensor was successfully applied for detecting target BCR/ABL gene in complex samples. Thus, the electrochemical biosensing strategy presents a simple and pragmatic platform toward ultrasensitive fusion gene detection in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) diagnosis.
Back Cover: Cover Image, Volume 74, Issue 9
Authors: Clark Robert D
Published: August 2018

The back cover image, by Victor R. Aguilar, is based on the Mini‐Review by Robert D Clark, Predicting mammalian metabolism and toxicity of pesticides in silico, DOI: 10.1002/ps.4935.

image
Effect of Exciton–Phonon Coupling on the Interlayer Excitons in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Double Layers
Authors: Wang Zi‐Wu , Dong Xi‐Ying , Li Run‐Ze , Xiao Yao , Li Zhi‐Qing
Published: August 2018

We investigate the correction of interlayer exciton binding energy in transition metal dichalcogenides double layers arising from the exciton–optical phonon coupling using the method of Lee–Low–Pines unitary transformation. We find that the binding energy varies in several tens of meV, depending on the polarizability of materials and THE interlayer distance between double layers. Moreover, the correction of binding energy results in a remarkable increase of the critical temperature for the condensation of dilute excitonic gas basing on the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless model. These results not only enrich the knowledge for the modulation of interlayer excitons, but also provide potential insights for the Bose–Einstein condensation and superfluid transport of interlayer excitons in two‐dimensional heterostructures.
Chemical Fixation of Atmospheric CO2 by Copper(II) Complexes of a Tridentate N‐donor Ligand
Authors: De Anindita , Sengupta Arunava , Lloret Francesc , Mukherjee Rabindranath
Published: August 2018

Using an unsymmetrical tridentate N‐donor ligand (2‐pyridylethyl){2‐(1‐methylimidazolyl)methyl}methylamine (L3), synthesis, spectral (IR, UV/Vis, ESI‐MS, and EPR), magnetic (as solid/in solution) and redox properties of a monomeric green [(L3)CuIICl2]·MeOH (1), a dimeric light‐blue [{(L3)CuII(μ‐OH)}2](ClO4)2 (2), a dimeric blue [{(L3)CuII(μ‐OMe)}2](ClO4)2 (3), and a trimeric ink‐blue [{(L3)CuII(OClO3)}3(μ3‐OCO2)](ClO4) (4) complexes were achieved. Complexes 1, 3, and 4 were structurally characterized. Isolation of 4 was achieved by the reaction between {(L3)2CuII2(μ‐OH)2}2+ species (formed from the reaction between (i) solution‐generated yellow [(L3)CuI(MeCN)]1+ species and O2, followed by reaction with moisture and (ii) 1 and NaOH in water and CO2 in open air, under ambient conditions. Reactivity of 2 with MeOH results in the formation of 3. The observed CO2 fixation by reactive complex 2 to afford 4 was rationalized, through designed experiments including kinetic measurements. Thermodynamic parameters of HCO3–/CO2 binding were also derived. Temperature‐dependent magnetic measurements of 4 indicated a ferromagnetic exchange‐coupling (J = 48 cm–1). Notably, 4 exhibits largest ferromagnetic coupling (J = 48 cm–1) amongst all complexes reported so far with similar mode of carbonate‐bridging.
Complexity functionals and complexity growth limits in continuous MERA circuits
Authors: Molina-Vilaplana J. , del Campo A.
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Using the path integral associated to a cMERA tensor network, we provide an operational definition for the complexity of a cMERA circuit/state which is relevant to investigate the complexity of states in quantum field theory. In this framework, it is possible to explicitly establish the correspondence (Minimal) Complexity = (Least) Action. Remarkably, it is also shown how the cMERA complexity action functional can be seen as the action of a Liouville field theory, thus establishing a connection with two dimensional quantum gravity. Concretely, the Liouville mode is identified with the variational parameter defining the cMERA circuit. The rate of complexity growth along the cMERA renormalization group flow is obtained and shown to saturate limits which are in close resemblance to the fundamental bounds to the speed of evolution in unitary quantum dynamics, known as quantum speed limits. We also show that the complexity of a cMERA circuit measured through these complexity functionals, can be cast in terms of the variationally-optimized amount of left-right entanglement created along the cMERA renormalization flow. Our results suggest that the patterns of entanglement in states of a QFT could determine their dual gravitational descriptions through a principle of least complexity.
Spatially adaptive long-term semi-Lagrangian method for accurate velocity advection
Authors: Sato Takahiro , Batty Christopher , Igarashi Takeo , Ando Ryoichi
Published: August 2018

We introduce a new advection scheme for fluid animation. Our main contribution is the use of long-term temporal changes in pressure to extend the commonly used semi-Lagrangian scheme further back along the time axis. Our algorithm starts by tracing sample points along a trajectory following the velocity field backwards in time for many steps. During this backtracing process, the pressure gradient along the path is integrated to correct the velocity of the current time step. We show that our method effectively suppresses numerical diffusion, retains small-scale vorticity, and provides better long-term kinetic energy preservation.
Constitutional values and civil servant recruitment: The principles for filling revenue service positions in Poland
Authors: Gadowska Kaja
Published: August 2018

The functioning of public administration should be consistent with the general interest, common to all citizens, and independent from the particularized interests of changing political forces. A condition for the proper functioning of administration is the selection of appropriate personnel to perform the duties defined by the state. According to the premises of this paper, the recruitment of personnel based upon objective criteria is of fundamental importance for the effective realization of the administration’s mission. This article analyzes the weaknesses of personnel policy in fiscal administration in Poland after 1989 against the background of the broader process of creating a Polish civil service. The study aims at determining the extent to which the actual relations between politics and administration reflect legal regulations. The article focuses on personnel policy with regard to senior positions in fiscal administration, whose occupants have leverage over decision-making processes and human resources policy in various agencies. It turns out that after every parliamentary election there is major turnover in the personnel occupying senior positions in the fiscal administration offices, that is, the persons associated with the previous governing team are replaced with individuals enjoying the confidence of those who have just come to power. In light of these findings one can infer that, contrary to the constitutional principles guiding the functioning of the government administration in Poland, its politicians have deliberately designed legal regulations in such a manner as to enable them to assume control over fiscal administration.
Digital Subtraction Angiography for CT Angiogram Negative Haemorrhages
Authors: Wong Helen , Hodgson Luke , Banfield Jillian , Shankar Jai J. S.
Published: August 2018

Background

In patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and a negative finding on CT angiography (CTA), further imaging with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is commonly performed to identify the source of bleeding. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether negative findings on CTA can reliably exclude aneurysms in patients with acute SAH.

Methods

This retrospective study identified all DSAs performed between August 2010 and July 2014 within our institution. CT angiography was performed with a 64-section multidetector row CT scanner. Only DSAs from patients with confirmed SAH and a negative CTA result were included in the final analyses. A fellowship-trained neuroradiologist reviewed the imaging results.

Results

Of the 857 DSAs, 50 (5.83%) were performed in 35 patients with CTA-negative SAH. Of the 35 patients, three (8.57%) had positive findings on the DSA. In one patient, suspicious dissection of the extra- and intra-cranial segment of the right vertebral artery could not be confirmed even in retrospect. In the second patient, the suspicious finding of tiny protuberance from the left paraclinoid internal carotid artery (ICA) on DSA did not change on follow-up and did not change patient’s management. The third patient had a posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm, which was not seen on the initial CTA owing to the incomplete coverage of the head on the CTA.

Conclusion

In patients with SAH, negative findings on a technically sound CTA are reliable in ruling out aneurysms in any pattern of SAH or no blood on CT. Our observations need to be confirmed with larger prospective studies.
A Trace Formula for the Index of B-Fredholm Operators
Authors: Berkani Mohammed
Published: August 2018

In this paper we define B-Fredholm elements in a Banach algebraAmodulo an idealJofA. When a trace function is given on the idealJ, it generates an index for B-Fredholm elements. In the case of a B-Fredholm operatorTacting on a Banach space, we prove that its usual index ind(T) is equal to the trace of the commutator [T, T0], whereT0is a Drazin inverse ofTmodulo the ideal of finite rank operators, extending Fedosov's trace formula for Fredholm operators (see Böttcher and Silbermann [Analysis of Toeplitz operators, 2nd edn (Springer, 2006)]. In the case of a primitive Banach algebra, we prove a punctured neighbourhood theorem for the index.
SCARS, MARKED BODIES, AND SUFFERING: THE MULELE ‘REBELLION’ IN POSTCOLONIAL CONGO
Authors: KALEMA EMERY M.
Published: August 2018

This article examines the scars and marks left on the bodies of survivors of the Mulele rebellion (DR Congo), their signifying capacity, their relationship not only with the body but also with the uncertainty of time, the arresting of time, and the annihilation of future time that the scars and marks seem to both signify and put into effect by making the body useless, undesirable, and revolting to others. Drawing on extensive oral interviews and other forms of evidence, including scars and marks on the bodies of survivors, as well as a body of theory on psychoanalysis, continental mirror, time, laughter, and the gaze of others, this article argues that to be tortured during the rebellion was unimaginably terrible. But the suffering did not end there. There was something beyond that, something even more important that caused a kind of psychic suffering, which not only exceeded the physical, but also extended across time.
GUERRILLA BROADCASTERS AND THE UNNERVED COLONIAL STATE IN ANGOLA (1961–74)
Authors: MOORMAN MARISSA J.
Published: August 2018

This article explores the relationship between Angolan guerrilla broadcasts and their effects on the Portuguese counterinsurgency project in their war to hold on to their African colonies. The Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA'sAngola Combatente) and National Front for the Liberation of Angola (FNLA'sVoz de Angola Livre) broadcasts allowed these movements to maintain a sonic presence in the Angolan territory from exile and to engage in a war of the airwaves with the Portuguese colonial state with whom they were fighting a ground war. First and foremost, it analyzes the effects of these rebel broadcasts on listeners, be they state or non-state actors. A reading of the archives of the state secret police and military exposes the nervousness and weakness of the colonial state even as it was winning the war.
Routing ethnic violence in a divided city: walking in the footsteps of armed mobs in Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Madueke Kingsley L.
Published: August 2018

Scholars of ethnic riots disagree on which are more susceptible to collective violence between ethnically segregated and diverse socio-spatial settings. Studies of riot-prone cities have produced contradictory conclusions. This article proposes that the ambivalence stems in part from disregarding the mobile nature of armed mobs and conflating their origins with their locations of violence. Drawing upon extensive ethnographic fieldwork involving mobile interviews, in-depth discussions and visual documentation, the article maps the footsteps of armed mobs from their origins to sites of confrontation during the 2008 Christian–Muslim riots in Jos, Nigeria. Findings suggest both segregated and mixed settlements contributed to violence. While armed mobs were likelier to originate from segregated neighbourhoods, mixed settlements, especially those sandwiched between segregated ones, served as frontiers for fighting; armed mobs preferred narrow alleys inaccessible to security forces. These findings' implications can advance the understanding and management of ethnic riots in urban areas.
Tenactisgen. nov. (Actiniaria, Haloclavidae) a new genus of sea anemones from the Gulf of California, Mexico
Authors: Barragán Yamaly , Sánchez Carlos , Rodríguez Estefanía
Published: August 2018

We describe and illustrate a new genus and species of sea anemone from the intertidal in the Gulf of California (Mexico).Tenactisgen. nov. is characterized by mesenteries decamerously arranged, a single pair of directives attached to a single and strong siphonoglyph, small conchula, endodermal marginal sphincter muscle, pedal disc with basilar muscles, cinclides in pedal disc and proximal column, column with verrucae and pseudoacrorhagi, and a cnidom withp-mastigophores A2 andp-mastigophores B1 and B2a.Tenactis riosmenaigen. et sp. nov. is characterized by having a column not divisible into regions with longitudinal rows of verrucae distally and pseudoacrorhagi forming spherical structures at the tip, only 10 pairs of perfect mesenteries, diffuse endodermal marginal sphincter muscle andp-mastigophores A2 andp-mastigophores B1 and B2a in the filaments. Because of the decamerous arrangement of the mesenteriesTenactisgen. nov. most closely resembles some members of Actiniidae, Haloclavidae, Minyadidae, Oractiidae and Limnactinidae (Actinioidea), Halcampidae (Metridioidea) and Halcuriidae (Actinernoidea). However, the combination of having a decamerous arrangement of mesenteries, single siphonoglyph, conchula and cinclides indicate this new genus belongs to Haloclavidae. Additionally, the presence of a diffuse endodermal marginal sphincter muscle, basilar muscles, a single pair of directives, column with longitudinal rows of verrucae distally and pseudoacrorhagi,p-mastigophores A2, andp-mastigophores B1 and B2a in the filaments distinguishTenactis riosmenaigen. et sp. nov. within Haloclavidae. This is the first record of the family Haloclavidae for the Gulf of California.
Stress, Psychological Resources, and HPA and Inflammatory Reactivity During Late Adolescence
Authors: Chiang Jessica J. , Ko Ahra , Bower Julienne E. , Taylor Shelley E. , Irwin Michael R. , Fuligni Andrew J.
Published: August 2018

Psychosocial stress during childhood and adolescence is associated with alterations in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and with heightened inflammation, both of which are implicated in poor health; however, factors that may protect against these effects relatively early in life are not well understood. Thus, we examined whether psychosocial resources protect against stress-related alterations in the HPA axis and heightened inflammation in a sample of 91 late adolescents. Participants completed measures of various stressors (major life events, daily interpersonal stress, early adversity), and psychosocial resources (mastery, optimism, self-esteem, and positive reappraisal). They also completed the Trier Social Stress Test and provided saliva and blood samples for the assessment of cortisol and interleukin-6 reactivity. Each of the stressors was associated with lower cortisol reactivity. Additionally, associations with major life events and daily stress were moderated by psychological resources, such that more life events and daily stress were associated with decreased HPA reactivity among adolescents with lower levels of psychological resources, but not among those with higher levels of psychological resources. This pattern of findings was observed only for cortisol reactivity and not for interleukin-6 reactivity. Findings suggest that psychological resources may counteract the effects of certain adversity-related decreases in cortisol reactivity.
One size does not fit all: Links between shift-and-persist and asthma in youth are moderated by perceived social status and experience of unfair treatment
Authors: Lam Phoebe H. , Miller Gregory E. , Chiang Jessica J. , Levine Cynthia S. , Le Van , Shalowitz Madeleine U. , Story Rachel E. , Chen Edith
Published: August 2018

The links between low socioeconomic status and poor health are well established, yet despite adversity, some individuals with low socioeconomic status appear to avoid these negative consequences through adaptive coping. Previous research found a set of strategies, called shift-and-persist (shifting the self to stressors while persisting by finding meaning), to be particularly adaptive for individuals with low socioeconomic status, who typically face more uncontrollable stressors. This study tested (a) whether perceived social status, similar to objective socioeconomic status, would moderate the link between shift-and-persist and health, and (b) whether a specific uncontrollable stressor, unfair treatment, would similarly moderate the health correlates of shift-and-persist. A sample of 308 youth (Meanage = 13.0, range 8–17), physician diagnosed with asthma, completed measures of shift-and-persist, unfair treatment, asthma control, and quality of life in the lab, and 2 weeks of daily diaries about their asthma symptoms. Parents reported on perceived family social status. Results indicated that shift-and-persist was associated with better asthma profiles, only among youth from families with lower (vs. higher) parent-reported perceived social status. Shift-and-persist was also associated with better asthma profiles, only among youth who experienced more (vs. less) unfair treatment. These findings suggest that the adaptive values of coping strategies for youth with asthma depend on the family's perceived social status and on the stressor experienced.
Improving maternal–infant bonding after prenatal diagnosis of CHD
Authors: Barker Piers C. A. , Tatum Gregory H. , Campbell Michael J. , Camitta Michael G. W. , Milazzo Angelo S. , Hornik Christoph P. , French Amanda , Miller Stephen G.
Published: August 2018

Background

Infants with prenatally diagnosed CHD are at high risk for adverse outcomes owing to multiple physiologic and psychosocial factors. Lack of immediate physical postnatal contact because of rapid initiation of medical therapy impairs maternal–infant bonding. On the basis of expected physiology, maternal–infant bonding may be safe for select cardiac diagnoses.

Methods

This is a single-centre study to assess safety of maternal–infant bonding in prenatal CHD.

Results

In total, 157 fetuses with prenatally diagnosed CHD were reviewed. On the basis of cardiac diagnosis, 91 fetuses (58%) were prenatally approved for bonding and successfully bonded, 38 fetuses (24%) were prenatally approved but deemed not suitable for bonding at delivery, and 28 (18%) were not prenatally approved to bond. There were no complications attributable to bonding. Those who successfully bonded were larger in weight (3.26 versus 2.6 kg, p<0.001) and at later gestation (39 versus 38 weeks, p<0.001). Those unsuccessful at bonding were more likely to have been delivered via Caesarean section (74 versus 49%, p=0.011) and have additional non-cardiac diagnoses (53 versus 29%, p=0.014). There was no significant difference regarding the need for cardiac intervention before hospital discharge. Infants who bonded had shorter hospital (7 versus 26 days, p=0.02) and ICU lengths of stay (5 versus 23 days, p=0.002) and higher survival (98 versus 76%, p<0.001).

Conclusion

Fetal echocardiography combined with a structured bonding programme can permit mothers and infants with select types of CHD to successfully bond before ICU admission and intervention.
Aortic elasticity and the influence of valve morphology in children with bicuspid aortic valve
Authors: Erolu Elif , Akalın Figen , Çetiner Nilüfer , Şaylan Berna Ç.
Published: August 2018

Aim

We investigated dimensions and elasticity of whole aorta in patients with bicuspid aortic valve and influence of valve phenotype.

Method

The study group included 44 patients and 42 controls. Patients were divided into groups according to the type of valve opening as horizontal – fusion between right and left coronary cusps – and vertical – fusion between right–non-coronary cusps; according to age they were divided into younger (5–10 years) and older patients (11–16 years). Our study did not include valve phenotype with fusion between left and non-coronary cusps. Systolic–diastolic diameters of aortic annulus, sinus valsalva, sinutubular junction, arcus, and ascending–descending and abdominal aorta were measured and z-scores were obtained. Aortic strain, distensibility, and stiffness index were calculated. Flow-mediated dilatation of brachial artery was studied.

Results

z-Scores at annulus, sinus valsalva, sinutubular junction, and ascending aorta were higher in study patients (p=0.001, p=0.0001, p=0.0001, p=0.0001, respectively). z-Scores of sinus valsalva and sinotubular junction were higher in the horizontal group than in the vertical group (p=0.006, p=0.023, respectively). z-Score was over +2 in 51% of patients with horizontal morphology and 33% of patients with vertical morphology (p=0.0001). Ascending aorta was more distensible and less stiff in the study group (11.3±5.63 versus 7.91±4.5, p=0.002; 4.76±3.60 versus 6.19±3.44 cm2.dyn−1.10−6, p=0.033, respectively). Stiffness index of ascending, arcus, and abdominal aorta were higher in the horizontal group (p=0.004, p=0.038, p=0.006, respectively). Ascending aorta was more distensible and less stiff in the younger group (p=0.007, p=0.027, respectively) but did not differ in the older group compared with the control group.

Conclusion

Aortic dimensions are enlarged in patients with bicuspid aortic valve starting from childhood, suggesting the presence of generalised aortopathy. Aortic elasticity is increased at young age and decreased with age.
DREAMS OF ORDER AND FREEDOM: DEBATING TRADE MANAGEMENT IN EARLY SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY ENGLAND
Authors: Suprinyak Carlos Eduardo
Published: August 2018

The early 1620s trade crisis had a significant influence on the way public opinion in England regarded economic issues, and the pamphlets written during that period convey the impression that the supply of money was the undisputed primary concern of economic policy. However, monetary matters occupied a prominent position in the political agenda of England only during times of crisis, when the kingdom faced a perceived threat of demonetization. The paper argues that, during the first two decades of the seventeenth century, concern with a positive balance of trade was of only secondary importance, being normally overshadowed by a more fundamental goal: a well-ordered, stable, and properly managed trade. This opened the door for debates about the limits of free initiative and regulation in economic affairs, as evidenced most clearly by the debates about free trade and monopolies that permeated James I’s reign.
Socializing Global Economic Governance: Introducing a Financial Transaction Tax
Authors: Zuev Vladimir Nikolaevitch , Ostrovskaya Elena Yakovlevna
Published: August 2018

The uncontrolled exponential growth of the financial sector and its rapid globalization led to an equally rapid increase in challenges to the global financial system. The already undertaken measures aimed at improving financial stability are necessary, yet not sustainable enough. The aim of this article is to provide more analytical arguments to favour another solution – the introduction of the Financial Transaction Tax (FTT), and to increase the public and academic awareness of the necessity of such a measure. The ongoing reforms do not solve the key problem – the enormous cost to rescue the financial sector, subsidized to a large extent by the taxpayer, and the absence of a fair contribution from the financial sector. FTT as a tool to discourage excessive speculation without hindering other activities seems to be a socially responsible measure working for financial stability at the same time. To efficiently socialize its impact, however, it is critical to define exact patterns of spending of the funds raised by the states.