bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low Temperature Influence on the Behavior of Viscoelastic Layer of the Pounding Tuned Mass Damper
Authors: Zhang Peng , Jiang Jinwei , Lu Guangtao
Published: December 2019

In previous studies, the pounding tuned mass damper (PTMD) has been successfully demonstrated to mitigate the undesired vibration of a variety of structures at room temperature. The advantages of the PTMD over the traditional tuned mass damper (TMD) has been verified through theoretical analysis and experimental investigations. However, the PTMD relies on an impact layer made of viscoelastic material to improve its vibration control performance and robustness against detuning effect. The energy dissipation of the viscoelastic material can be affected by the changes of environmental temperature. Therefore, this paper aims to study the impact damping behavior of the viscoelastic material in the low temperature environment of the sea bed where the PTMD is expected to control vibrations of subsea pipelines. The experimental apparatus fabricated in the previous study to generate and measure the lateral impact was housed inside a refrigerator. The experimental results indicate that the pounding stiffness decreased whereas the energy dissipation increased in the low temperature environment. Moreover, an impact fatigue test was also performed in the low temperature environment and compared with the room temperature case. Experimental results from a previous study show that the viscoelastic material was damaged after 36,000 cycles of impacts in the room temperature and a cyclic hardening–softening process was observed. However, in the low temperature environment, the viscoelastic material was damaged after 50,000 cycles of impacts and the cyclic hardening–softening process was not observed. As the impact cycle grew, the pounding stiffness decreased from 53,000 N/m1.5 to 17,000 N/m1.5 and the energy dissipation increased from 46.12 J/m per cycle to 65.4 J/m per cycle.
Effect of Temperature and Strain Rate on the Flexural Behavior of Wood-Polypropylene Composites
Authors: Wang Wei , Guo Xiaomin , Liu Liu , Zhang Ruiyun , Yu Jianyong
Published: December 2019

The mechanical properties of wood-polypropylene composites exhibit typical viscoelasticity. However, there is little information on the mechanical properties of wood-polypropylene composites related to temperature and time, which limits the use of wood-polypropylene composites as structural components. Here, the effect of time (strain rate) and temperature on the flexural properties and the master curve of the storage modulus used to predict the long-term performance of wood-polypropylene composites were investigated. The results showed that the flexural strength and modulus increased linearly with the increase of wood contend, which can increase by 134% and 257% respectively when the mass fraction of wood powder reached 45%. Moreover, there was a positive linear relationship between flexural strength and ln strain rate, while the flexural strength and modulus decreased as temperature elevated. The storage modulus as a function of frequency (time) and temperature confirmed this trend. To evaluate the long-term performance, the storage modulus master curve was constructed and the respective activation energy was calculated, which revealed that the long-term performance of the samples depended on the matrix and the addition of an appropriate amount of wood powder was beneficial to improve their durability.
Design Optimization for a Microfluidic Crossflow Filtration System Incorporating a Micromixer
Authors: Jung Seon Yeop , Park Jo Eun , Kang Tae Gon , Ahn Kyung Hyun
Published: December 2019

In this study, we report on a numerical study on design optimization for a microfluidic crossflow filtration system incorporated with the staggered herringbone micromixer (SHM). Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the Taguchi method were employed to find out an optimal set of design parameters, mitigating fouling in the filtration system. The flow and the mass transfer characteristics in a reference SHM model and a plain rectangular microchannel were numerically investigated in detail. Downwelling flows in the SHM model lead to backtransport of foulants from the permeable wall, which slows down the development of the concentration boundary layer in the filtration system. Four design parameters — the number of grooves, the groove depth, the interspace between two neighboring grooves, and the interspace between half mixing periods — were chosen to construct a set of numerical experiments using an orthogonal array L 9 ( 3 4 ) from the Taguchi method. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using the evaluated signal-to-noise (SN) ratios enabled us to identify the contribution of each design parameter on the performance. The proposed optimal SHM model indeed showed the lowest growth rate of the wall concentration compared to other SHM models.
Revealing Nanoindentation Size-Dependent Creep Behavior in a La-Based Metallic Glassy Film
Authors: Ma Yi , Song Yuxuan , Zhang Taihua
Published: December 2019

We systematically studied nanoindentation size effect on creep deformation in a La-based metallic glassy film, including holding depth effect and indenter size effect. Creep displacement was mainly dependent on both holding strain and deformation volume beneath indenter. Under elastic holding, creep strain was merely holding strain–dependent. While for plastic holding, creep strain was greatly enhanced by adopting smaller indenter and/or decreasing holding depth at the same holding strain. A strong nanoindentation size effect on creep resistance was validated. Strain rate sensitivities (SRS) were calculated, which were obviously higher at elastic regions than at plastic holdings. The relationship between SRS value and creep mechanism in metallic glass was discussed.
Associations of Sleep with Food Cravings, Diet, and Obesity in Adolescence
Authors: Kracht Chelsea L. , Chaput Jean-Philippe , Martin Corby K. , Champagne Catherine M. , Katzmarzyk Peter T. , Staiano Amanda E.
Published: December 2019

Background: Sleep and dietary intake/quality can contribute to excess weight gain, but food cravings may influence these relationships. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship of adolescents’ sleep characteristics with dietary intake/quality and obesity and whether food cravings mediated these relationships. Methods: Sleep measures were calculated based on 24-h accelerometry, and height and weight were directly measured to calculate body mass index (BMI) z-scores. Food cravings were assessed by the Food Craving Inventory (FCI). Dietary intake and quality were calculated based on dietary recalls. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the associations among sleep, food cravings, dietary intake/quality, and obesity, adjusting for confounders. Results: In total, 256 adolescents (ages 10–16 years) had complete data; 42% were non-White and 45% were boys. Sleep efficiency was inversely associated with sweet cravings and FCI-28. Sleep duration, meeting the sleep duration guidelines, and fruit/vegetable cravings were each positively associated with dietary quality. Sleep duration was negatively associated with BMI z-score. Mediation models were not performed as no sleep parameter was associated with both cravings and dietary intake/quality or BMI z-score. Conclusions: Associations existed among poor sleep, quantity and quality, with more frequent food cravings and worse dietary quality. Sleep may underlie adolescent obesogenic behaviors.
The Prevalence of HSV, HHV-6, HPV and Mycoplasma genitalium in Chlamydia trachomatis positive and Chlamydia trachomatis Negative Urogenital Samples among Young Women in Finland
Authors: Korhonen Suvi , Hokynar Kati , Eriksson Tiina , Natunen Kari , Paavonen Jorma , Lehtinen Matti , Puolakkainen Mirja
Published: December 2019

Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, herpes simplex virus (HSV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) cause sexually transmitted infections. In addition, human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) may be a genital co-pathogen. The prevalence rates of HSV, HHV-6, HPV, M. genitalium, and the C. trachomatis ompA genotypes were investigated by PCR in urogenital samples of the C. trachomatis nucleic acid amplification test positive (n = 157) and age-, community- and time-matched negative (n = 157) women. The prevalence of HPV DNA was significantly higher among the C. trachomatis positives than the C. trachomatis negatives (66% vs. 25%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of HSV (1.9% vs. 0%), HHV-6 (11% vs. 14%), and M. genitalium DNA (4.5% vs. 1.9%) was not significantly different between the C. trachomatis-positive and -negative women. Thirteen per cent of test-of-cure specimens tested positive for C. trachomatis. The prevalence of HSV, HHV-6, HPV, M. genitalium, and the C. trachomatis ompA genotypes did not significantly differ between those who cleared the C. trachomatis infection (n = 105) and those who did not (n = 16). The higher prevalence of HPV DNA among the C. trachomatis positives suggests greater sexual activity and increased risk for sexually transmitted pathogens.
Antimicrobial Biophotonic Treatment of Ampicillin-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Hypericin and Ampicillin Cotreatment Followed by Orange Light
Authors: Alam Seemi Tasnim , Le Tram Anh Ngoc , Park Jin-Soo , Kwon Hak Cheol , Kang Kyungsu
Published: December 2019

Bacterial antibiotic resistance is an alarming global issue that requires alternative antimicrobial methods to which there is no resistance. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a well-known method to combat this problem for many pathogens, especially Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Hypericin and orange light APDT efficiently kill Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and the yeast Candida albicans. Although Gram-positive bacteria and many fungi are readily killed with APDT, Gram-negative bacteria are difficult to kill due to their different cell wall structures. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important opportunistic, life-threatening Gram-negative pathogens. However, it cannot be killed successfully by hypericin and orange light APDT. P. aeruginosa is ampicillin resistant, but we hypothesized that ampicillin could still damage the cell wall, which can promote photosensitizer uptake into Gram-negative cells. Using hypericin and ampicillin cotreatment followed by orange light, a significant reduction (3.4 log) in P. aeruginosa PAO1 was achieved. P. aeruginosa PAO1 inactivation and gut permeability improvement by APDT were successfully shown in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
Investigating the In Vitro Regeneration Potential of Commercial Cultivars of Brassica
Authors: Farooq Nisma , Nawaz Muhammad , Mukhtar Zahid , Ali Iftikhar , Hundleby Penny , Ahmad Niaz
Published: December 2019

In vitro regeneration is a pre-requisite for developing transgenic plants through tissue culture-based genetic engineering approaches. Huge variations among different genotypes of the genus Brassica necessitate the identification of a set of regeneration conditions for a genotype, which can be reliably used in transformation experiments. In this study, we evaluated the morphogenesis potential of four commercial cultivars (Faisal canola, Punjab canola, Aari canola, Nifa Gold) and one model, Westar, from four different explants namely cotyledons, hypocotyls, petioles and roots on three different Brassica regeneration protocols, BRP-I, -II and -III. The regeneration efficiency was observed in the range of 6–73%, 4–79.3%, 0–50.6%, and 0–42.6% from cotyledons, petioles, hypocotyls and roots, respectively, whereas, the regeneration response in terms of average shoots per explant was found to be 0.76–10.9, 0.2–3.2, 0–3.4 and 0–2.7 from these explants. Of the commercial varieties tested, almost all varieties showed poorer regeneration than Westar except Aari canola. In comparison to Westar, its regeneration frequency from cotyledons was up to 7.5-fold higher on BRP-I, while it produced up to 21.9-fold more shoots per explant. Our data show that the explant has strong influence on the regeneration response, ranging from 24% to 92%. While the growth of commercial cultivars was least affected by the regeneration conditions provided, the effect on Westar was twice that of the commercial cultivars. After determining the optimal explant type and regeneration conditions, we also determined the minimum kanamycin concentration levels required to selectively inhibit the growth of untransformed cells for these cultivars. Regenerated shoots of Aari canola could be successfully grown to maturity within 16–18 weeks, with no altered phenotype noted and normal seed yields obtained. Therefore, the commercial variety, Aari canola, could be a good candidate for future genetic transformation studies.
Identification of Stem Rust Resistance Genes in the Winter Wheat Collection from Southern Russia
Authors: Alabushev Andrey V. , Vozhzhova Nataliya N. , Kupreyshvili Natiya T. , Shishkin Nikolay V. , Marchenko Dmitry M. , Ionova Elena V.
Published: December 2019

The high yield potential of winter wheats cannot be realized due to disease pressure under field conditions. One of the most harmful of such diseases is stem rust, hence the constant search for sources of resistance and the development of new varieties resistant to stem rust is of great relevance. This study deals with the identification of stem rust resistance genes in a collection of winter wheats grown in Southern Russia. This genepool has not been studied yet. A total of 620 samples of winter soft wheat from various ecological and geographical zones were tested under field conditions. To identify the specific genes or alleles responsible for resistance, all samples were genotyped using PCR. As a result, the groups of resistant samples, carrying the Sr2, Sr31, Sr38 and Sr44 genes in various combinations, were identified. Most of the stem rust resistance was provided by the presence of the effective Sr44 gene. This information can be used in the future breeding work for stem rust resistance.
Potential Effects of Awn Length Variation on Seed Yield and Components, Seed Dispersal and Germination Performance in Siberian Wildrye (Elymus sibiricus L.)
Authors: Ntakirutimana Fabrice , Xiao Bowen , Xie Wengang , Zhang Junchao , Zhang Zongyu , Wang Na , Yan Jiajun
Published: December 2019

Awns, needle-like structures formed on the distal of the lemmas in the florets, are of interest because of their essential roles in seed dispersal, germination and photosynthesis. Previous research has reported the potential benefits of awns in major cereal grasses, yet reports on the agronomic and economic implications of awn length variation in forage grasses remain scarce. This study investigated the variation of awn length among 20 Siberian wildrye populations and the effect of awn length on seed yield and yield components. This work then studied the impact of awn length on seed dispersal and germination. The analyses indicated a high level of awn length variation among populations. Awn length showed a significant influence on harvested seed yield per plant (p < 0.05) mostly driven by interactions between awn length and the majority of seed yield components. Principal component analysis clearly revealed that the final impact of awn length on seed yield depends on the balance of its positive and negative effects on traits determining seed yield. Furthermore, awn length tended to increase seed dispersal distance, although little diversity in the nature of this progression was observed in some populations. Awn length exhibited a significant relationship (p < 0.05) with germination percentage. It also tended to shorten germination duration, although this interaction was not statistically significant. Collectively, these results provide vital information for breeding and agronomic programs aiming to maintain yield in grasses. This is the first report to demonstrate in Siberian wildrye the agronomic impacts of awn length variation.
Physicochemical Characterization and Immunomodulatory Activity of a Novel Acid Polysaccharide from Solanum muricatum
Authors: Yue Heng , Xu Qianqian , Li Xianheng , Elango Jeevithan , Wu Wenhui , Xu Jianfeng
Published: December 2019

To investigate the structure and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide from Solanum muricatum, a novel acid polysaccharide named SMP-3a was purified from Solanum muricatum pulp through DEAE-52 cellulose column and Sephadex G-200 chromatography. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that SMP-3a was mainly composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, and galacturonic acid with the molar ratio of 1.09:2.64:1.54:1. The average molecular weight was found to be 227 kDa by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). Thermal studies revealed the SMP-3a was a thermally stable polymer. Based on the results of methylation and NMR analysis, the backbone chain of SMP-3a was composed of →2)-α-l-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-d-GalpA-(1→ and →4)-α-d-Galp-(1→. The side chain was consisted of α-l-Araf-(1→ and →5)-α-l-Araf-(1→. Immunomodulatory assay indicated that SMP-3a could significantly promote the proliferation of macrophages and stimulate the secretion of cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Our results suggested that SMP-3a could be used as a novel potential immunomodulatory agent in functional food.
Influence of Long-Term Storage on Shape Memory Performance and Mechanical Behavior of Pre-stretched Commercial Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)
Authors: Wang Changchun , Dai Yuming , Kou Bo , Huang Wei Min
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we experimentally investigate the influence of storage at 40 °C on the shape memory performance and mechanical behavior of a pre-stretched commercial poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). This is to simulate the scenario in many applications. Although this is a very important topic in engineering practice, it has rarely been touched upon so far. The shape memory performance is characterized in terms of the shape fixity ratio (after up to one year of storage) and shape recovery ratio (upon heating to previous programming temperature). Programming in the mode of uniaxial tension is carried out at a temperature within the glass transition range to one of four prescribed programming strains (namely 10%, 20%, 40% and 80%). Also investigated is the residual strain after heating for shape recovery. The characterization of the mechanical behavior of programmed samples after storage for up to three months is via cyclic uniaxial tensile test. It is concluded that from an engineering application point view, for this particular PMMA, programming should be done at higher temperatures (i.e., above its Tg of 110 °C) in order to not only achieve reliable and better shape memory performance, but also minimize the influence of storage on the shape memory performance and mechanical behavior of the programmed material. This finding provides a useful guide for engineering applications of shape memory polymers, in particular based on the multiple-shape memory effect, temperature memory effect, and/or low temperature programming.
Analysis of Wastewater Generated in Greenhouse Soilless Tomato Cultivation in Central Europe
Authors: Mielcarek Artur , Rodziewicz Joanna , Janczukowicz Wojciech , Dobrowolski Artur
Published: December 2019

Soilless plantations under cover constitute a significant part of horticulture. This study aimed at determining the qualitative composition of wastewater generated from the soilless cultivation of tomato under cover. This is important for managing the wastewater, which may be recirculated to allow the or employ a partial or complete recovery of minerals. Two plantations located in north-eastern Poland, which differed in the type of substratum (coconut fiber or rockwool), were studied. The generated wastewater was characterized by a low content of organic matter and a high concentration of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and salinity (EC). Over 99% of the TN was constituted by nitrates. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) changed from 50.07 to 75.82 mgO2·L−1 (greenhouse 1), and from 37.35 to 78.12 mgO2·L−1 (greenhouse 2); the content of TN changed from 403.59 to 614.89 mgN·L−1 (greenhouse 1), and from 270.00 to 577.40 mgN·L−1 (greenhouse 2); that of TP changed from 35.44 to 78.00 mgP·L−1 (greenhouse 1), and from 54.10 to 104.00 mgP·L−1 (greenhouse 2); and the EC changed from 3.53 to 6.93 mS·cm−1 (greenhouse 1), and from 4.94 to 6.94 mS·cm−1 (greenhouse 2). No statistically significant correlations were noted between TN and TP, or between TP and EC.
Rural Piped-Water Enterprises in Cambodia: A Pathway to Women’s Empowerment?
Authors: Grant Melita , Soeters Simone , Bunthoeun IV , Willetts Juliet
Published: December 2019

This research examined the extent to which women’s ownership and management of water supply schemes led to their empowerment, including their economic empowerment, in rural Cambodia. Privately managed water supply schemes in rural Cambodia serve over one million people. This study is the first of its kind to systematically investigate the experiences and needs of female water supply scheme owners, using well-established theoretical frameworks for women’s empowerment, namely Longwe’s stages of empowerment, and Rowlands, VeneKlasen and Miller’s elaboration on different types of power. Business management frameworks relevant to the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector were also drawn on to assess operational constraints and enablers. Fifteen structured interviews were conducted with female water entrepreneurs in rural Cambodia. Female entrepreneurs reported encountering four key barriers to establishing and managing water supply schemes. The first were operational, and government and regulatory related issues, followed by financial issues and limited demand for water services. Three important enablers were reported by entrepreneurs: social enablers, economic enablers and program support from government, associations and non-government organisations (NGOs). This study found that, whilst there was evidence of empowerment reported by female water enterprise owners, the complexity of the ongoing empowerment process, challenges and limitations were also observed. Women’s empowerment can be advanced through leadership of, and involvement in water enterprises, as evidenced by this study, however, gender norms constrained women, especially with respect to mobility (leaving the home for extended periods), and household and family duties impacting on income-generating work or vice versa. As such, targeted strategies are needed by a range of actors to address such constraints. The findings of this study can assist NGOs, donors and governments incentivizing entrepreneurship in water services, to ensure that these interventions are not gender blind, and to draw on evidence of the barriers and enablers for female entrepreneurs and how these are influenced by contextualized gender norms.
COMFORT OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Кочеткова Т. , Kochetkova T. , Алейникова Н. , Aleinikova N.
Published: December 2019

The idea of creating a comfortable, truly convenient city for all residents excites the minds of architects and urban planners for hundreds of years. A modern city, both a megalopolis and a district center, should be a comfortable environment in terms of functionality, ecology, aesthetics and safety. The article analyzes the methods for assessing the comfort of the urban environment, considers the parameters of a comprehensive assessment of the urban development complex. Modern urban planning concepts, such as smart development and the program of sustainable development of territories, are considered. A critical approach to modernism and constructivism in urban planning is applied. The analysis of urban planning theories based on the historical and cultural uniqueness of the city, as well as "free spaces" in the modern city is carried out on the example of the cities of Chandigarh (India) and Brasilia (Brazil). The ideas of a new urbanism, the humanization of urban space, the concept of the city for people, not for cars are explored. The possibilities of using the balance of social interests in the organization of the urban landscape are considered. The ratio of functionality and privacy of the urban environment is shown by the example of multi-storey and quarter buildings. The parameters necessary to create a comfortable urban environment are offered.
FACING AND DECORATIVE MATERIALS BASED ON GLASS DOMESTIC WASTE
Authors: Бондаренко Н. , Bondarenko N. , Бондаренко Д. , Bondarenko D. , Бондаренко М. , Bondarenko M. , Дороганов Е. , Doroganov E.
Published: December 2019

The areas of use of glass domestic waste in the building materials industry are considered. The possibility of obtaining a facing and decorative material-smalt based on colored container and high-quality glass is considered. An innovative technology has been developed for the production of smalt based on finely ground powders of colored container glass using 20%, 40% and 60% liquid glass as a humidifier. The dependences of the influence of various concentrations of aqueous solutions of liquid glass on the degree of compaction of smalt are established. It is shown that the addition of aqueous solutions of liquid glass to the glass powder before pressing reduces the firing temperature from 775 to 725 ° C. the influence of different concentrations of aqueous solution of liquid glass in the initial charges on the chemical composition of the smalt is investigated. The elemental composition of smalt is studied using the x-ray fluorescence method. The microstructure of smalt made from a mixture with an optimum content of 40% aqueous solution of water glass is investigated. The effect of various concentrations of liquid glass on the microhardness of smalt is provided. It is shown that when the content of 40% liquid glass in an aqueous solution, the microhardness reaches maximum values.
La bénavidésite, Pb4(Mn, Fe)Sb6S14, un nouveau minéral de la série de la jamesonite
Authors: Oudin Elisabeth , Picot Paul , Pillard François , Moëlo Yves , Burke Ernest Alexander Julius , Zakrzewski Marek-A.
Published: December 2019

Benavidesite, Pb4(Mn, Fe)Sb6S14 with Mn > Fe, is a new mineral which belongs to the jamesonite serie. It has been simultanously discovered in Uchucchacua (Peru) and in Sàtra (Sweden). Benavidesite is monoclinic, probable space group is P21/a with a = 15.74, b = 19.14, c = 4.06 Â, P = 91.5°, Z = 2, dcalc = 5.60. Main rays : 4.10 (3), 3.85 (3), 3.45 (10), 3.17 (2), 3.10 (2), 2.964 (2), 2.829 (4), 2.737 (3), 2.247 (2), 2.058 (2).

Benavidesite forms in very reducing conditions. In Uchucchacua it is found in a telescoped polymetallic mineralization. In Sàtra the mineralization has a volcano-sedimentary origin and has been metamorphosed : it is associated with a pyrite-pyrrhotite assemblage.
Une série monétaire gauloise en or d’origine vendéenne
Authors: Aubin Gérard , Barrandon Jean-Noël
Published: December 2019

Une révision des monnayages armoricains a permis d’isoler une série en or, peu connue, caractérisée au droit par une tête entourée de cordons perlés et d’une accolade allant de la base du cou jusqu’à hauteur du nez, et au revers par un motif floral sous le cheval androcéphale. Deux groupes sont distingués. Sur huit exemplaires recensés, six ont été analysés : les résultats confirment le schéma général d’altération de l’or que nous avons récemment proposé. Il pourrait s’agir d’un monnayage ethnique à l’existence relativement brève, et pour lequel on propose, en dépit du petit nombre de provenances, une origine vendéenne.
Matériaux mythiques gaulois et annalistique romaine : éléments antique d'un cycle héroïque celtique
Authors: Vielle Christophe
Published: December 2019

Gaulish mythological materials and Roman annals : pieces of an old Celtic heroic cycle.

The Roman annalists consciously borrowed, introduced in their pseudo-history, and transformed for their own benefit, Gaulish mythical materials. These materials primarily concern a warrior-hero corresponding to the Irish hero Cú Chulainn, and to whom are attached the same mythical motifs : magical contortions, and the intervention of a war-deity in the shape of a crow. Secondly, they concern a hunter and warrior-hero with wolfish aspects, who, like the Irish hero Finn, decides the outcome of a “gigantic” battle in siding with one of the two parties. These materials, also illustrated in ancient iconography, are the oldest narrative attestations of a Celtic traditional heroic cycle, in its Gaulish state, and allow to discern, in this cycle, some distinctive oppositions between two types of mythical heroes, belonging probably to two different gesta.
Le complément du comparatif de supériorité en vieil-irlandais
Authors: Lambert Pierre-Yves
Published: December 2019

The complement of the comparative in Old Irish.

After examining Brittonic data, the author analyses the different solutions used in Old Irish to connect a referential complement after a comparative. Dative without any preposition is possible only with isolated nouns. If the complement is a full noun phrase, prepositions are used : ol «beyond», re «before», sech «over». There is a tendancy to organise this complement as a proposition, by introducing the verb «to be», relative -daas, forming oldaas, indaas, adaas. Finally, the author studies a particle ind-, distinct from the prep. iN «in» and used to form adverbs.
Lettres de Yann-Ber Kalloc’h à sa mère
Authors: Le Besco Patrick
Published: December 2019

Yann-Ber Kalloc’h’s letters to his mother.

Yann-Ber Kalloc’h is one of the greatest Breton poets. His collection ; Ar en Deulin, published in 1921 is a master-piece. Here are edited twenty-nine letters and post-cards written by the poet to his mother during the first World War. His use of the Breton language, in his poetry, conforms to the so called Vannetais standard. On the other hand he wrote to his mother in the local dialect of Groix, his birth-place, a dialect well known now thanks to Ternes’ works. Written Breton texts in such local dialects are very scarce, popular writers traditionaly conformed to standards. — Texts are edited together with a phonemic transcription in the same system as in Ternes’ works.
Faut-il garder secrètes les convictions qui risquent de heurter les frères ? Une lecture de Romains 14,22a
Authors: Bénétreau Samuel
Published: December 2019

Abstract : Paul’s exhortation to the «strong » in Rome, «your conviction, keep it to yourself before God » (Rm 14. 22a) is often understood as a call not to give outward expression to any religious belief involving a risk for the «weaker » brethren. Most of the existing translations and some commentaries seem to promote, more or les distincly, such an interpretation. A somewhat different translation is offered, «keep it, as far as you are concerned, before God » , which puts the emphasis upon a steadfast personal commitment but, at the same time, does not shut the door for a brotherly dialogue with Christians of an other mind.
L’origine du mal selon Origène et dans ses sources
Authors: Roukema Riemer
Published: December 2019

This article gives an exposition of Origen’s answer to the question where evil originated. First, it examines some answers of the Old Testament, the Jewish apocrypha, the New Testament, the Gnostic myths, the dialogues of Plato, and the works of Philo, since these writings influenced Origen. Next, it deals with Origen’s speculations on the fall of the spiritual creatures in their celestial pre-existence.
« Vous les Noirs, nous les Blancs… » L’opposition entre Européens et Africains dans les sermons de Schweitzer à Lambaréné (1913-1931)
Authors: Arnold Matthieu
Published: December 2019

Les sermons africains d’Albert Schweitzer, édités en 2002, opposent fréquemment les Blancs aux Noirs, dont le prédicateur vise à changer les croyances et le comportement. Dépourvu de préjugé raciste, ce contraste répond au dessein de tout prédicateur – et plus particulièrement du missionnaire : porteur d’une éthique qu’il juge universelle, Schweitzer veut améliorer ses auditeurs, et, pour nourrir leur émulation, il leur propose des modèles (quitte à idéaliser ces derniers). Mais les sermons de Lambaréné témoignent aussi d’une certaine indifférence de Schweitzer à l’égard de la culture africaine ; en cela, ils confirment les conclusions fondées sur les autres écrits du «Grand Docteur » : s’il a donné sans compter à l’Afrique, n’en a-t-il pas trop peu reçu ?
Actes apocryphes des apôtres et Actes des apôtres canoniques. État de la recherche et perspectives nouvelles (I)
Authors: Gounelle Rémi
Published: December 2019

The apocryphal Acts of the Apostles are often considered as avatars of the canonical Acts. By way of proof, one generally refers to the fact that the apocryphal stories relate the fate of the apostles, deal with the journeys of their hero’s, have passages with «we » , and are entitled «Acts » . These arguments are particularly problematic as far as the six ancient Acts (Acts of Andrew, Acts of John, Acts of Paul, Acts of Peter, Acts of Peter and the twelve apostles and Acts of Thomas) are concerned.
L’influence protestante chez Lahontan
Authors: Boisvert France
Published: December 2019

Associée à tort à la pensée libertine, l’oeuvre de Lahontan (dont c’est le 300e anniversaire en 2003) présente les traces indéniables de l’influence huguenote. C’est par l’étude de la controverse religieuse, genre aujourd’hui tombé en désuétude, que l’on arrive à y saisir aussi l’émergence d’un déisme fortuit. Les deux premiers Dialogues, inspirés par le Leviathan de Thomas Hobbes, montrent que Lahontan fait triompher le droit naturel des lois, corps civil artificiel. Ce sont les mêmes Dialogues réécrits par Nicolas Gueudeville qui viennent faire du chef huron Adario un personnage revendicateur, symbole du Rebelle nourrissant la littérature des Lumières, de Voltaire aux Encyclopédistes.
Dialogue et charité. Une philosophie de l’oecuménisme
Authors: Labbe Yves
Published: December 2019

Le consensus différencié, mis en oeuvre dans une compréhension commune de la doctrine de la justification (1999), peut-il être entendu comme une application du principe de charité mis en avant par le philosophe D. Davidson (1984) ? Si cet accord oecuménique a pris la forme d’une correspondance entre deux totalités qui préservent leur cohérence propre, il n’a pas été présumé. Il a été construit. Alors que tout accord doctrinal se fonde sur une éthique non seulement de la justice (égalité) mais encore de l’équité (équivalence), il requiert pourtant la charité, un excès de bonté, comme mode de vie plutôt que forme de rationalité, là en particulier où pèse une identité non réconciliée des partenaires du dialogue.
Trois textes religieux de la Grotte 4
Authors: Caquot André
Published: December 2019

On regroupe ici trois textes de la grotte 4 publiés en 1982 par Maurice Baillet dans le tome VII des Discoveries in the Judaean Desert et qui semblent avoir été destinés à un usage liturgique. Ils s’adressent à Dieu pour l’implorer en lui rappelant sa prédilection pour Israël et en déplorant les mésaventures de celui-ci, ou ils parlent de Dieu pour le bénir ou inviter à le glorifier. Ces textes s’apparentent aux Hymnes (Hôdayôt) et aux pièces lyriques dont quelques échantillons ont déjà été traduits dans cette revue (voir «Poésie religieuse de Qumrân » , RHPhR 81, 2001, p. 131-157).
From Jules Verne to “Apollo” Missions (How the Decision for
Lunar Landing Was Made)
Authors: Baturin Yuri Mikhailovich
Published: December 2019

The landing of a man on the Moon is considered within the framework of the four-phase scheme for developing technical innovations. The article focuses on making a political decision by the US President Kennedy. The influence of NASA, political advisers, academic community and successes of the Soviet Union on making the decision is discussed. The price of national prestige, scientific benefit, the risk to the crew and budget expenditures were thoroughly weighted. The scientific community warned that scientific results should be more substantial, but this criticism was neglected. It is demonstrated how the first factor – national prestige – won. The role of scientific advisers in the mechanism of presidential decision-making is shown.
Information Support of the Interdepartmental Examining Board
While Training Sessions on the ISS RS Simulator Complex
Authors: Saev Vladinir Nikolaevich , Batrakov Valery Vitalievich , Malikova Tatyana Yurievna
Published: December 2019

The paper shows the structure of formalized information flow of the information display system (IDS) of the monitoring and control panel (M&CP) of the ISS RS Simulation Complex (SC). This information is used by members of the Interdepartmental Examining Board (IDEB) to analyze and assess crew and the M&CP personnel operation in order to manage the complex examining training (CET). The information model of getting required data from the M&CP IDS by the IDEB members was developed to analyze and assess crew operation. The paper gives the content, kind, volume, and placing information outputted on the workplace of the IDEB members.
Use of the Visual Information Processing and Display System as Part of the Monitoring and Control Panel of the ISS RS Simulation Complex
Authors: Batrakov Valery Vitalievich , Bragin Viktor Igorevich
Published: December 2019

The objects of research are the following: the space simulator (SS) as a training system; modules of the simulation complex (SC) of the ISS RS; information display system (IDS) of the monitoring and control panel (M&CP) of the SC of the ISS RS as an object and video information as a subject of research; the members of the Interdepartmental Examining Board (IDEB). The subjects of research are the following: video information displayed on the IDS of the M&CP and the upgraded visual information processing and display system (VIP&DS) as part of the M&CP IDS of the ISS RS Simulator Complex.
An Analysis of Results of the Professional Selection for Cosmonaut Candidates by Physical Fitness in 2017–2018.
Authors: Nazin Vladimir Georgievich , Samartsev Vyacheslav Yurievich , Samartsev Evgeny Petrovich , Serdyuk Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Maikov Aleksandr Anatolievich
Published: December 2019

The paper deals with the analysis results of the professional selection of cosmonaut candidates by physical fitness within the framework of the second open competitive selection in 2017–2018. The basis for the analysis was the documented medical assessments of candidates’ physical fitness, obtained proceeding from the results of their performance of normative physical exercises at the face-to-face selection stage at the FSBO “Gagarin R&T CTC”.
Service Quality in UAE Higher Education Institutions (HEIs): A Comparative Analysis in Students’ Perspective
Authors: Sameena T K
Published: December 2019

The education service can be described as a high contact, consumer and people based service. With the changes in customer education and the job market, the market for unconventional courses is increasing. So no marketer can afford to ignore these markets. As the education service is intangible, inseparable and perishable, certain implications exist for marketing. Service quality is not consistent for all customers or even a single customer at all times. So the marketers’ job becomes tough. They are required to ensure that these features of the education services are better utilized to meet the varying needs of the customers.
Skill Development and Women Entrepreneurs in India
Authors: Sawale Sangharsha Baliram , Karpe Madhavee Devrao
Published: December 2019

The skill development means is the trainings which is provide by the institutions or government to improve the skill, quality and efficiency for the entrepreneurs at the workplace. The importance of the trainings to ensure avaibility of skilled manpower at all management levels, enhancing ability, potential among entrepreneurs, increase, efficiency, maintain and enhance, product quality, minimize wastages in production process, reduce fatigue and increase speed of work etc. Today’s Government support to the women entrepreneurship development through MSME and DIC and another side make in India, start Up India, stand up India and other various schemes also. And to develop the entrepreneurship Government provides the various types of trainings and skill developments programmers to the people who wanted to start their business, entrepreneurs to start their business and develop their business successfully.

This paper emphasized on the skill development programmes for women entrepreneurs by the government of India. For the purpose of women entrepreneurs development. The research paper is based on secondary data which is available on the websites, journals, book and articles.
Child Centered Education: Criticisms
Authors: Shah Rajendra Kumar
Published: December 2019

There have been quite a lot of concerns and arguments over the appropriateness of CCE for developing countries where the social and cultural values, educational traditions, and available resources are so different from the West. Most of the educationists argue for the teacher centred formalistic approach which is believed to be more suitable for contexts where resources are sufficient and teacher professional capability is very high. Issues related to CCE in developing countries have been the focus of discussion from 1980s and particularly the 1990s. The major intention of the present study to explore the major criticisms related to child centered education. Eleven serious criticisms: danger of centeredness; absenting knowledge; learner centeredness: scientifically validated?; freedom versus discipline; practicality of learner centered teaching; individual and society; the absence of authentic social relationships; teacher's roles; natural Sequence of development; the powerless female teacher and child; and the free and individual child: an illusionary and decontextualized construct have been discussed in the present article.
Creativity of Student-Teachers with Reference to their Gender and Locality
Authors: Ponnusamy P
Published: December 2019

Creativity is a unique gift of nature, a highly valued human quality which has been known for a long time to have its influence on scientific, technological and artistic spheres of human activity. The rapidly changing demands and challenges existing in the world today have almost necessarily been accompanied by creative expression and contributions from talented persons. When we look critically at the present day educational practice, one of the lacunae is a lack of importance given to creativity. With this background, the study was conducted to study the creativity level of the student teachers at secondary level. The main result of the study reveals that selected student teachers were emotionally strong.
ULAKBİM VERİ TABANINDA SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR VE ÇEVRECİ PAZARLAMA KONUSUNDA YAYINLANMIŞ MAKALELERİN BİBLİYOMETRİK ANALİZİ
Authors: ÇELİK Onur , CANOĞLU Meltem
Published: December 2019

Günümüz
dünyasında pazarlama; çevreye ve sürdürülebilirliğe duyarlı bir kavram olarak
karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu durum da literatürde çevreci ve sürdürülebilirliği
içerisinde barındıran pazarlama yayınlarının da sayısını arttırmaktadır. Bu
çalışmanın amacı da Ulusal Akademik Ağ ve Bilgi Merkezi (ULAKBİM) tarafından
taranan dergilerde çevreci, yeşil, ekolojik ve sürdürülebilir pazarlama anahtar
kelimeleri ile taranarak elde edilen yayınların bibliyometrik analizini
gerçekleştirmektir. Analiz çerçevesinde toplamda 97 makale incelemeye
alınmıştır. Araştırmada dikkate alınan parametreler; yazar sayısı, dergi ismi,
makale ismi, anahtar kelimeler, basım yılı, araştırma yöntemi, örneklem
yöntemi, örneklem hacmi, uygulandığı sektör, analiz çeşidi, yayın dili ve
yazarların bulunduğu kurumlar şeklinde kurgulanmıştır. Araştırmada öne çıkan
bazı sonuçlara göre; 2016 yılı ve sonrasında ilgili çalışmaların yoğunlaştığı,
grup çalışmalarının tek yazarlı çalışmalara kıyasla çok daha yaygın olduğu,
nicel araştırma yönteminin daha çok tercih edildiği, Ki-Kare analizinin en çok
kullanılan analiz çeşidi olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR MOBİLYA TASARIMINA MODEL OLARAK DÜZ-PAKETLENEBİLEN SÖKÜLEBİLİR STRÜKTÜR YAKLAŞIMI
Authors: CANBOLAT Tülay
Published: December 2019

Çevreye
yönelik önemli yatırımlardan biri, sanayi, kullanıcı, çevre ihtiyaçlarının
farkında olarak üretim, kullanım, yeniden üretim döngüsünü yönlendirecek
tasarım yaklaşımlarıdır. Çevre koşullarının iyileştirilmesi ve korunmasına
yönelik geleneksel yaklaşımlar, kirliliğin önlenmesi veya atıklara yönelik
çözümlere dayanmaktadır. Bu yaklaşımlar, tasarım aşamasını göz önünde
bulundurmadan mevcut kirliliği en aza indirmeye odaklanmıştır. Sürdürülebilir
mobilya tasarım yaklaşımları, parçalara ayrılabilme, geri dönüşüm, yeniden
kullanım, yeniden anlamlandırma, güncelleme, başka bir şeyin yerine
kullanılabilme gibi unsurları çevreyle barışık malzemeler ile birlikte
değerlendirmeyi gerektirmektedir. Çevre ve insan sağlığını tehdit eden etkileri
en aza indiren, ürünün ve malzemenin kullanım ömrünü farklı boyutlarda yeniden
tanımlayan, yeniden kullanıma olanak tanıyan tasarımlar sürdürülebilir mobilya
tasarımları olarak tanımlanabilir. Nakliye giderlerini azaltmaya dolayısıyla
harcanacak enerji miktarını ve karbon izini düşürmeye yönelik stratejiler
geliştirmek, sürdürülebilir tasarımının önemli yaklaşımları arasında yer alır.
Sürdürülebilirlik bu anlamda aynı zamanda ekonomiye katkıda bulunan doğayla
barışık tasarım olarak kullanılmaktadır. Sürdürülebilir mobilya tasarımı,
çevresel faktörü tasarım ile birleştirir. Mobilyanın sürdürülebilir tasarım
çerçevesinde ele alınmasını sağlayan strüktür çalışmaları, ürünün kolayca tamir
edilebilir, yeniden kullanılabilir ve geri dönüştürülebilir olmasının önemli
belirleyicisidir. Tasarımın strüktür kararı sürdürülebilir çevre bağlamında ele
alındığında, minimum alan kaplayarak maksimum sayıda ürünün nakliyesini
gerçekleştirebilecek, düz paketleme olanağı sağlayan çözümlere işaret
etmektedir. Çalışmada sürdürülebilir
mobilya tasarımına model olacak düz-paketlenebilen sökülebilir strüktür yaklaşımı
tasarım örnekleri çerçevesinde incelenmektedir.
EFISIENSI EKONOMI SISTEM TANAM LEGOWO PADI SAWAH STUDI KASUS DI KECAMATAN TOMOHON BARAT KOTA TOMOHON
Authors: Pandensolang Djuru Masrib , Panelewen Vicky Ventje Johan , Tilaar Wenny .,
Published: December 2019

This study aims to analyze how much profit is gained by applying the Legowo row planting system, analyzing the factors of production that affect rice production by applying the Legowo row planting system, analyzing whetherthe use of production factors allocated by farmers to the Legowo planting system economically already efficient. The study was conducted from January to April 2019 in Tomohon Barat Subdistrict, Tomohon City, North Sulawesi Province. The research location was chosen purposively with the consideration that West Tomohon Subdistrict was the center of rice production in Tomohon City with a total area of 447.40 ha of rice fields ( 52% of the total area of rice fields in Tomohon City). The method used in this study is a survey method in the Kelurahan that has paddy fields in the West Tomohon District with interview techniques to respondent farmers. Determination of the sample is done by quota sampling method as many as 50 people taken from 7 (seven) villages in the District of West Tomohon by considering the area of land and the purpose of farming (commercial farm). The variables to be examined in this study are age, education, business experience, group membership, land area, seeds, fertilizer (Urea, SP36 and NPK), labor (HKSP), production, and price. The results showed that the benefits of lowland rice farming with the application of the legowo planting system, farmers in Tomohon Barat Subdistrict, Tomohon City were not yet maximum and had not yet reached economic efficiency, production factors affecting rice production were land area, seeds, fertilizer (Urea, SP 36 and NPK Phonska) and labor, the use of production factors of land area, fertilizers(Urea, SP 36 and NPK Phonska) have not reached economic efficiency, the use of seed production factors and labor is inefficient.*eprm*