bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ética hacker, campos de experimentação e as possibilidades da educação aberta / Hacker ethics, fields of experimentation and open education possibilities
Authors: Coelho Ana Carolina Sampaio
Published: February 2017

RESUMO: O presente trabalho propõe uma discussão a respeito da “educação aberta” a partir da imagem do “rizoma”, conceito presente nas obrasMil Platôs, de Deleuze e Guatarri, e nas “linhas de errância”, presentes nos mapas apresentados por Fernand Deligny, em “Aracniano”. O presente trabalho discute como os professores podem assumir o papel de “intelectuais transformadores” no contexto da cibercultura e de negação do modelo de “educação bancária”, adotando uma perspectiva crítica de ensino na utilização dos processos da cultura digital em suas práticas pedagógicas. Por fim, propõe uma breve reflexão acerca do potencial dos recursos educacionais abertos e de como eles podem ser vistos como possibilidades de “errância” e “desterritorialização” no contexto da educação brasileira.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: rizoma; educação aberta; educação bancária; Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REA). ABSTRACT:This paper proposes a discussion about open education, based on the concept of rhizome, articulated by Deleuze and Guattari in “A Thousand Plateaus”, and the "wandering lines", present in theFernand Deligny's cartography in "The arachnean and other texts". The paper explores how teachers can act as “Transformative Intellectuals” in the cyberculture context, opposing the banking model of education, adopting a critical perspective of teaching in the utilization of digital culture processes in their Pedagogical practices. In this regard, the discussion ends by suggesting a reflection about the potential of Open Educational Resources (OER) and how they can be considered possibilities for wandering and deterritorialization in the context of Brazilian education.KEYWORDS: rhizome; open education; banking model; Open Educational Resources (OER).
Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) for Enhancing Reliability of Water Tube Boiler in Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Sharma Kapil Dev , Srivastava Shobhit
Published: February 2017

Failure mode and effect analysis is one of the QS-9000 quality system requirement supplements, with a wide applicability in all industrial fields. FMEA is the inductive failure analysis instruments which can be defined as a methodical group of activities intended to recognize and evaluate the potential failure modes of a product/ process and its effects with an aim to identify actions which could eliminate or reduce the chance of the potential failure before the problem occur.
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the FMEA research and application in the Thermal Power Plant Industry. The research will highlight the application of FMEA method to water tubes (WT) in boilers with an aim to find-out all the major and primary causes of boiler failure and reduce the breakdown for continuous power generation in the plant.
Failure Mode and Effect Analysis technique is applied on most critical or serious parts (components) of the plant which having highest Risk Priority Number (RPN). Comparison is made between the quantitative results of FMEA and reliability field data from real tube systems. These results are discussed to establish relationships which are useful for future water tube designs.
Investigation of Thermo Mechanical Properties of NaturalWaste Based Hybrid Composites
Authors: Sinha K. G. , Singh Gaurvendra Pratap , Gautam Lokesh
Published: February 2017

As we all know that India is known for its agricultural products rather than its industrial goods. Farmers produce crops and they pet several animals. The waste produced from their animals and crops are utilized by them to some extent but due to unawareness a lot of material goes on waste. Some of these wastes are Bagasse fiber and chicken feather. Also these alternate materials are environment Friendly as well as biodegradable. In poultry industry chicken feather is waste material but it posses high toughness and insulation and is also used as good reinforcing material in polymer matrix composite due to low density, low cost and high aspect. Bagasse having high tensile strength contains about 40% cellulose, 30% hemicelluloses, and 15% lignin which are modified by creating quionones in lignin portion of the fiber and reacting with the furfural alcohol to increase their adhesiveness. Short Natural fibers like chicken and long fibers like bagasse were used in hybrid combination and the fiber weight fraction of 5%, 55% and 40% were used for the fabrication of the composite in epoxy Resin. This composite is manufactured using hand layup process. Mechanical properties of composite are determined through hardness and impact tests. Water absorption tests were conducted by immersing specimen in a water bath at room temperature for different time durations.
Effects of Steel Slag on the Strength Properties of Clay, Lateritic and Black Cotton Clay Soil
Authors: Patel Kalpana , Patel Adarsh
Published: February 2017

Excessive use of materials, leads to industrialization, which has an adverse impact on the environment. From industries, large amount of chemicals or other suspended particles as a waste are produced, which are mostly dumped that acquires large space leading to deterioration of soil properties. So, we should use these waste for some constructive or useful purposes. As steel industry releases waste with some good engineering properties so, we can use this type of waste with soil which has low strength and does not have good engineering properties. Various techniques are available like soil stabilization, providing reinforcement etc. to improve load bearing capacity of soil. Soil stabilization is one of the modification techniques used to improve the geotechnical properties of soil and has become the major practice in construction engineering which enables the effective utilization of industrial wastes as a stabilizer. This technique becomes more popular because of its easy availability and adaptability. In this study, the steel slag (an industrial waste) is mixed with Clay(CI), Lateritic(A-7-6(5)) , Black cotton clay soil to enhance its strength properties and make them more suitable for use. In this way industrial waste can be reduced economically.
Comparison of haemodynamic effects of lateral and sitting positions during induction of spinal anaesthesia for elective caesarean section
Authors: Kharge Nutan Dileeprao , Mali Ashish , Gujjar Pinakin
Published: February 2017

Background: Spinal anaesthesia avoids the problems associated with general anaesthesia such as airway manipulation, polypharmacy, postoperative respiratory problems, and cognitive dysfunction. It can be given in lateral and sitting positions. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of induction position for spinal anaesthesia in elective caesarean section on hemodynamic, sensory and motor block characteristics and patient satisfaction.Methods: 120 ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing elective caesarean section were randomized to receive spinal anaesthesia in the lateral position or the sitting position. Hyperbaric bupivacaine (0.5%) was injected into the spinal space while the patients were either in sitting or lateral position at L3-L4 level. Effects on hemodynamic parameters, sensory block and motor block characteristics and patient satisfaction were analysed.Results: Demographic characteristics did not seem to have any impact on the overall outcome of the study. Induction position for spinal anaesthesia does not affect the hemodynamic parameters and incidence of side effects when adequate preloading is done. There was no statistically significant difference in the sensory level and motor level achieved. However lateral position appears to be more comfortable than sitting position (P <0.001).Conclusions: Inducing position for spinal anaesthesia did not affect haemodynamic stability and block characteristics in both the groups except that patients feel more comfortable in lateral position.
A prospective study of trauma patients at Gandhi Medical College and associated hospital emergency department, Bhopal, analysing anatomical and physiological scoring systems to predict mortality
Authors: Yadav Moorat Singh , Agarwal Vibhore , Garg Surabhi
Published: February 2017

Background: Trauma, in a developing country like India, is a leader together with non-communicable diseases, when measured in terms of disability adjusted life years (DALYs) lost. Trauma scoring systems have been shown to decrease the number of preventable deaths caused by trauma. The aim of this study is to compare the various physiological and anatomical scoring systems.Methods: Two hundred and sixty two cases of trauma of adult age group admitted in Gandhi Medical College and Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India from 1 July 2014 to 1 December 2014.Results: Out of the 262 patients included in the study, 242 were discharged alive while 20 (7.6%) died. In our study, in of the patients who died it was observed that RTS was significantly low (<7) and ISS and TRISS were significantly high (>/=25 for ISS and >/=50 for TRISS).Conclusions: Of all the scoring system TRISS has got the best sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of 83.3% and also miscalculation rate of 1.5 as per the MOTS norms as compared to RTS, which has sensitivity of 90% but low specificity, and ISS which has sensitivity and specificity comparable to TRISS but low positive predictive value.
Evaluation of AgNORs in gallbladder lesions
Authors: Kaushik Rajni , Dattal Digvijay Singh , Gulati Anchana , Sharma V. K.
Published: February 2017

Background: Quantification of argyrophillic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) is a good indicator of cellular proliferation activity and is useful diagnostic tool to estimate the malignant potential of lesions in gallbladder. The aim of the present study was to study the AgNORs and assess their correlation with various lesions of the gallbladder.Methods: This study was conducted in the department of pathology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India. One hundred specimens of gall bladder lesions (50 cases chronic cholecystitis,30 cases epithelial hyperplasia and 20 cases of carcinoma) were study subjects. AgNOR staining was done on three micron thin sections of paraffin embedded tissue, as per the method of Crocker and Smith with safranin counterstain. The number of AgNORs, stained as black dots was counted in one hundred adjacent cells in different lesions.Results: Mean AgNOR count in chronic cholecystitis, epithelial hyperplasia and carcinoma was 2.44±0.31, 3.88±0.39 and 7.90±0.76 respectively. AgNOR counts in various lesions gradually increased from chronic cholecystitis to carcinoma and the increase was statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: Despite inter-laboratory variations and lack of standardization of counts for a particular lesion, AgNOR technique is easy to perform, economical and reliable indicator of malignant potential of the gall bladder lesions, hence can be used in resource poor set up as an adjunct to histopathology.
Resolving ABO discrepancies by serological workup-an analysis of few cases
Authors: P. Arumugam , Hamsavardhini Swathandran , J. Ravishankar
Published: February 2017

Background: ABO discrepancies occur whenever the results of red cell grouping and serum grouping are in disagreement. The reasons for discrepancies both clinical and technical have to be sorted out. Further analysis is essential to resolve such discrepancies. If discrepancies are encountered, the interpretation of the ABO grouping has to be delayed until the same has been resolved. The aim of the study was to resolve ABO discrepancies encountered, by serological work up.Methods: All cases of discrepant samples received between August 2014 and May 2016 at the Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, India were analyzed to determine the etiology by serological workup.Results: A total of twenty-one samples were analyzed and resolved. Fifteen cases of Type IV discrepancy, two cases of Type II discrepancy, one case Type III discrepancy, one case Type I discrepancy and two cases of technical errors were identified.Conclusions: ABO discrepancies can be resolved serologically if properly worked up. As ABO blood grouping is indispensible in blood transfusion service, it is imperative to resolve such discrepancies before transfusion.
Bone marrow aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of hematologic and non-hematologic diseases in a multi-specialty hospital in Nepal
Authors: Ranabhat Sabin , Maharjan Sushna , Tiwari Mamata , Bhandari Anita , Osti Bidur Prasad
Published: February 2017

Background: Peripheral blood smear examination and other routine laboratory assays are not always sufficient to diagnose various diseases which affect the blood and bone marrow. A bone marrow aspirate examination is essential in most of the cases.Methods: This work was a hospital-based cross sectional analytical observational study carried out in the department of pathology at the Chitwan Medical College, Teaching Hospital, Nepal, over a period of 3 years from January, 2013 to December 2015. Bone marrow was aspirated from posterior superior iliac crest under local anesthesia; sternum was the alternative site in obese patients. Univariate analysis was performed for each variable using frequency distribution and means with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20.0 (SPSS 20.0) software.Results: One hundred and fifty-nine patients were included in the study. Eight cases of 'dry tap' were excluded, for whom bone marrow biopsy was advised. Anemia was the largest group followed by malignancy, infection and miscellaneous diseases. Among anemia, megaloblastic anemia was the most common, followed by aplastic anemia, dyserythropoietic anemia and myelopthisic anemia. The category 'malignancy' consisted of leukemia, multiple myeloma and myelodysplastic syndrome. Regarding individual diseases, megaloblastic anemia was the most common haematological disorder followed by immune thrombocytopenic purpura, leukemia and aplastic anemia.Conclusions: Bone marrow aspiration cytology is a mildly invasive technique which can diagnose many haematological and non-hematologic diseases that can be confirmed by more advanced investigations, if needed: serological, biochemical or molecular. However, bone marrow sample cannot be obtained (dry tap) in a proportion of cases. In such cases, a bone marrow biopsy needs to be performed.
Micro-albuminuria in non-diabetic acute ischaemic stroke: prevalence and its co-relation with stroke severity
Authors: Singh Sumeet , Singh Harpreet , Singh Tarsem Pal
Published: February 2017

Background: Microalbuminuria is not only a predictor of subsequent kidney disease, but also an indicator of generalised endothelial injury and a manifestation of endothelial dysfunction. The present study is aimed to determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria among non–diabetic ischaemic stroke patients and find its correlation with ischaemic stroke which eventually will aid us in coming up with potent strategies to provide better prevention and cure.Methods: The present study was conducted in Department of Medicine in collaboration with Department of Biochemistry and Department of Radiology, Guru Nanak Dev Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab, India after taking approval from institutional thesis and ethical committee. The study included 60 patients (30 Cases + 30 Controls) in age group 20-80 years diagnosed as stroke and haemorrhage ruled out by NCCT Brain/MRI Brain at admission. Cases were patients with history of hypertension with acute ischaemic stroke. Controls were age and sex matched patients with no history of hypertension with acute ischaemic stroke. The microalbuminuria was assayed by immunoturbimetry. The stroke severity was assessed by NIH Stroke Severity scale. P value less than 0.05 was considered the level of significance.Results: The overall prevalence of microalbuminuria in acute ischaemic stroke patients was 41.67%. When comparing NIH SS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score with the levels of albumin in urine, there was a significant positive correlation with urinary albumin levels and stroke severity in the patients having urinary albumin levels in microalbuminuria range both in Case group and Control group with P value less than 0.05.Conclusions: Urine albumin excretion had a positive correlation with the NIH SS Score of the patient in acute ischemic stroke. Those with a higher NIH SS Score had a higher rate of urine albumin excretion and vice versa. Therefore, measurement of microalbuminuria may help to assess those who are at increased risk of severe stroke and may require a more aggressive management.
Cross sectional study of knowledge and practices regarding breast feeding amongst mothers belonging to tribal community in Melghat area, Amravati, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Chavan Sushil , Jadhao Ashok , Narlwar Uday , Ughade Suresh , Adikane Hemant
Published: February 2017

Background: Delayed breastfeeding initiation, colostrum deprivation, supplementary feeding of breast milk substitutes, early introduction of complementary feeding, and incorrect weaning from breast milk are commonly found practices in tribal communities around the world. Aim of the study was to assess the breast-feeding knowledge and practices among mothers belonging to tribal community and having children less than 1 years of age in Melghat area, Maharashtra, India.Methods: Present cross-sectional study was conducted in 14 villages of 4 sub centres of Bijudhawadi, Primary Health Centre in Dharni block of Amravati District, Maharashtra, India. Mothers belonging to tribal community having child less than one year and Mothers who were permanent residents of study area were included in study. Interview was planned as per the convenient time of the mother. Finally, 225 study subjects could be contacted during study period.Results: The mean age of mothers was 22.47 years with SD 3.24 years with range 16 - 35 years. Majority 178 (79.11%) study subjects were having correct knowledge about initiation of breastfeeding. Correct practice of initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour was seen in 167 (74.22%) study subjects. Significant difference was seen among correct knowledge and practice Colostrum initiation, Pre-lacteals, Period of exclusive breastfeeding.Conclusions: The present study was an attempt to understand knowledge and practices regarding breastfeeding in the context of tribal mothers in Melghat, Maharashtra, India.
Comparative study between conventional extra capsular cataract extraction versus manual small incision cataract surgery
Authors: Laxmiprasad Gannaram , Shori Chhaya , Shori Rakesh , Alli Ashalatha
Published: February 2017

Background: Recent reports indicate that both manual small incision cataract surgery and extra capsular cataract excision surgery with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation are safe and effective for treatment of cataract surgery, however, manual small incision cataract surgery gives better uncorrected vision. Objectives of the study were to compare intraoperative and postoperative complications, to compare induced astigmatism and to compare the visual rehabilitation.Methods: This is a prospective study of 100 consecutive patients assigned to undergo conventional extra capsular cataract excision surgery (50 cases) and manual small incision cataract surgery (50 cases). Study was done for a period of two years at a tertiary care referral hospital. Institutional Ethics Committee permission was taken. Also the informed consent was obtained from each patient.Results: In conventional ECCE, the most common surgically induced astigmatism was WTR in 73.4% of cases with mean of 2.79 D±1.3 on first day. 70% of cases with mean 2.1 D±1.28 and 64% of cases with mean of 1.86 D±1.14 at six weeks. ATR was common in MSICS group, 83.67% of cases with mean of 1.5 D±0.72 on first day, 86% of cases with mean of 1.03 D±0.6 at one week and 88% of cases with mean of 1.27 D±0.81 at six weeks. The induced astigmatism was less in MSICS group compared to ECCE group at first day but after six weeks there was no much significant difference found. Early visual recovery was better in MSICS groupConclusions: MSICS has definitive advantages over conventional ECCE in terms of early visual rehabilitation, minimal surgically induced astigmatism; no suture related complications and reduced surgical time.
The evaluative role of diagnostic hysteroscopy and ultrasonography in abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: Singh Amrita , Anant Monika
Published: February 2017

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) affects women of reproductive as well as perimenopausal age groups, has significant social and economic impacts. The causes of are Abnormal uterine bleeding numerous and include systemic, anatomical and hormonal disturbances. The usual tools of diagnosis are ultrasonography (USG) followed by endometrial curettage/aspirate which being a blind procedure, may miss out on focal endometrial cavity diseases. Office/diagnostic hysteroscopy has been found to be the method most suitable for making a quick diagnosis and guide treatment. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the role of hysteroscopy and comparing the finding with USG in the diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding.Methods: A retrospective study of 150 patients presenting with Abnormal uterine bleeding, conducted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, from May 2014 to July 2016. Clinical diagnosis with ultrasonography and hysteroscopic findings were assessed and statistical agreement (kappa coefficient) was calculated.Results: Comparing findings of hysteroscopy with that of transvaginal ultrasonography the value of Kappa was found to be 0.448 which shows that there is intermediate to good agreement between the findingsConclusions: Hysteroscopy is an effective tool to diagnose uterine cavitary lesions in abnormal uterine bleeding.
Clinical and microbiological profile of pneumonia in severe acute malnourished children
Authors: Shukla Omprakash , Dave Reema , Doshi Rajkumar Prakashbhai
Published: February 2017

Background: It is estimated that 57 million children are underweight (moderate and severe) in India. More than 50% of deaths in 0-4 years are associated with malnutrition. Pneumonia is common in malnourished children and is frequently associated with fatal outcome, especially in children younger than 24 months of age. The aim and objectives was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological profile of pneumonia in severe acute malnourished children.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on 60 severe acute malnourished children admitted at Department of Pediatrics, SSG Hospital Vadodara.Results: Most of the admitted children belonged to rural and tribal areas (81.7%). Children in the age group of 1-3 years were more prone to develop very severe pneumonia (51.7%). Blood culture yield was 80%. Most common isolate was Staphylococcal Aureus which was isolated in 16.6% of the patients.Conclusions: We concluded at the end of the study that malnourished children were prone to develop more severe pneumonia, required aggressive antibiotic usage as the causative organisms were strikingly different as compared to well-nourished children and needed a longer hospital stay.
Community based rehabilitation by paraplegic - a case report
Authors: Lanke Ravindra S. , Dudhekar Ulhas J. , Mote Girish B. , Badole Chandrashekhar M.
Published: February 2017

A journey of a young man started from day one in the hospital. When he came with the traumatic paraplegia, no doubt a paraplegic has to face a lot of challenges in his life when he came to know that his both legs are not working. He became bedridden and his moral is also become down for his future planning. But we accept the challenge, a team work by an orthopaedician and a physio-occupational therapist make it little easier. Postoperatively we prefer to offer rehabilitation through community base programme. Inspiration of hospital environment and equipment are going to help him for such kind of programme he accepts the challenge, basic aim of providing this programme is to reduce duration as well as incurred monitor losses. Special attraction of this case report is homemade bicycle, which served the purpose of providing repetitive rhythmic mobilisation of bilateral lower limbs which facilitates normal pattern of ambulation. Now he is ambulatory and goes back to his work. So, a person with spinal cord injury involved with their community with a little modification in his activity and equipment is worth for him. Traumatic paraplegia offers a big challenge to physio- occupational therapist due to long term recovery it takes.  For Such patients on regular follow up till complete recovery, we preferred community based rehabilitation. This made him independent and incurred reduced monitory losses.
Herpes zoster in the radial nerve distribution in an 8 years old healthy child-a case report
Authors: Edris Hala , Abualiat Abdullah , Mordy Ayed Al
Published: February 2017

Varicella zoster is an omnipresent virus which commonly affects childhood as chicken pox. Although the primary infection is self-limiting and seldom severe, the virus remains dormant in the body. The virus resides in the dorsal root or cranial nerve ganglion and reactivation may occur years later as herpes zoster or "Shingles". Herpes zoster (HZ) can occur at any age but is rare in childhood and adolescents. Old aged and immunosuppressed subjects are at risk for developing the disease. The most common area involved in HZ is the trunk (dermatomes innervated by the thoracic nerves) and rarely presents exclusively in the upper extremity. We report a case of HZ isolated to the radial nerve distribution in a healthy 8 years boy. The reported case reveals the importance of considering zoster infection in young age, or uncommon sites when evaluating the onset of pain in a dermatomal distribution specially if associated with vesiculobullous rash.
Benign giant cell tumor of bone with pulmonary metastasis- report of two cases and review of literature
Authors: Nair Geethu G. , G. Rajan , N. K. Supriya , P. P. Sathi
Published: February 2017

Tumors that are metastasizing generally considered as malignant. But there are exceptions. Giant cell tumor of bone is well known for its potential to metastasize without sarcomatous transformation. Potential of benign GCT to metastasize was first reported by Jaffe et al in 1940. Prevalence of pulmonary metastasis in benign GCT is between 1-9%. Factors favoring metastasis include recurrence of tumor, surgical manipulation of initial bone tumor, location of femur etc. Peripheral or basilar portion of pulmonary parenchyma is involved commonly. Eventhough death reported in 16-25% of cases, overall it has a favorable prognosis. Surgical resection is preferred treatment for pulmonary metastasis. In the present study 2 case studies were done. In 1st study 18 year old female, known case of GCT Lt tibia, with history of curetting and cementing presented with pain and swelling at same site and pulmonary metastasis 1 year later. Biopsy from initial as well as recurrent tumor confirmed benign GCT without any features of atypia, mitosis or necrosis. Aspirate from pulmonary lesion showed osteoclastic giant cells. No treatment given to metastatic deposits and is asymptomatic even though size of pulmonary lesions is increasing. And in second study a 22 year old female, with past history of GCT referred to our institution for evaluation of lung lesion detected in X-ray. Patient underwent metastatectomy here and histopathology was similar to that of bone lesion. There was no evidence of sarcomatous transformation both in initial and recurrent lesion. Patient is asymptomatic other wise and doing well.
Herpes zoster in a healthy child-a rarity
Authors: Sharma Anuj , Rattan Renu
Published: February 2017

Herpes zoster, caused by Varicella-zoster virus is generally considered to be a disease of the elderly. Recently, a number of studies have shown in the increased incidences in children. Herein, a case of Herpes zoster in an otherwise healthy child of 9 years of age is being reported, who did not have any evidence of immunosupression.
Endoscopic coblation assisted laryngo pharyngeal corrosive stricture adhesiolysis-the first of its kind
Authors: Kuppurajan Krishna Kumar , Sachithanandam Sangeetha T.
Published: February 2017

Corrosive pharyngeal strictures without significant damage to esophagus and stomach were rarely reported. Here we report a case of corrosive acid poisoning with laryngopharyngeal strictures suffering for 39 years with difficulty in breathing, swallowing, phonation and sleep for whom endoscopic coblation assisted stricture adhesiolysis was done which was the first of its kind to our knowledge. As early as 5th postoperative day tracheostomy was decannulated, and the patient was able to swallow soft solids without maneuvers, liquids without nasal regurgitation, breathing via naturalis, phonating with normal neck position and a good sleep with no recurrences in 12 months follow up.
Bilateral retrorenal colon-a case report
Authors: Khaladkar Sanjay M. , Tomar Shantanu Singh , Alawadhi Akshay , Sehrawat Vipul
Published: February 2017

Ascending and descending colon normally lie in anterior pararenal space anterior to kidneys. Extension of colon behind kidney is rare. It is more frequently found on the left side behind lower pole of the left kidney. Bilateral retrorenal colon is rare. Its detection is important prior to Retrorenal, Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) to avoid complications. We report a case of bilateral retrorenal colon detected incidentally in a case of obstructive jaundice.
Histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent host: a rare case report
Authors: Kriplani Dipsha M. , Kante Katha A. , Maniar Janak K. , Khubchandani Shaila R.
Published: February 2017

Histoplasmosis, a systemic mycosis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum manifests clinically in immunocompromised patients as acute or chronic pulmonary infection or as a progressive disseminated disease. In immunocompetent hosts, the disease is usually self-limited or presents as flu-like symptoms. It is endemic in North, Central and South America as well as parts of Europe and Africa. We report a case of a 76-year-old diabetic, HIV negative patient who presented with white nodular patches on the tongue and gingiva which were reported as histoplasmosis on histopathology. He also had idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia and thrombocytopenia.
Применение государственно-частного партнерства в отношении объектов здравоохранения в Великобритании
Authors: Шаманина Эллина Алексеевна
Published: February 2017

С тех пор, как впервые был запущен механизм Частной финансовой инициативы (ЧФИ) в Великобритании более 20 лет назад, ощутимыми являются преимущества от его применения для эффективного обеспечения населения медицинскими услугами. В статье представлен аналитический обзор по реализации проектов ГЧП в отношении объектов здравоохранения в Великобритании. В свете принятия министерством финансов нового подхода к развитию ГЧП под названием Частное финансирование 2 (ЧФ2) – Private Finance 2 (PF2), в статье рассмотрены его основные нововведения. Кроме того, внимание также уделяется влиянию программы ЧФИ в секторе здравоохранения на финансовое положение Филиалов Национальной системы здравоохранения Великобритании и возможным рискам, с которыми может столкнуться частный сектор при реализации проектов ЧФИ в отношении объектов здравоохранения. Материал данной статьи может быть полезен студентам, изучающим данную тему, специалистам и практикам сферы ГЧП, а также лицам, заинтересованным в вопросах, касающихся процессов взаимодействия государства и частого сектора в сфере здравоохранения.
Поиск оптимальной стратегии и оценка опасности картельных сговоров в системе электронных торгов
Authors: Острицова Валерия Александровна , Косников Сергей Николаевич
Published: February 2017

В статье выполнен поэтапный анализ системы электронных торгов, представлены цели ее использования, описаны тактики ведения тендеров, успешно применяемые участниками торгов. Подробно описываются характеристики тактик, преимущества и недостатки, предложены рекомендации по их выбору. В статье выделен и описан регламент электронных торгов, приведены пояснения его этапов, построена блок-схема. Представлены документы, обязательные к участию в тендерах, установлены причины отклонения заявок на участие. Составлены алгоритмы ведения торгов, основывающиеся на количестве участников. Немаловажной задачей является раскрытие особенностей психологического поведения участников, выделение слабых и сильных стороны возможных конкурентов. В работе определены права и функции заказчика, представлены особенности формы заявки, которую он определяет. Составлена оптимальная стратегия, соотнесенная с целевой функцией и учитывающая максимальную прибыль и размер ставки. В статье показано соотношение ценового предложения и себестоимости, выделены зоны риска. Описаны основные правила участия в торгах. Проведена оценка опасности картельных сговоров на торгах, описаны цели и признаки картелей, сделаны соответствующие выводы.
Synthesis and Race: Barge, Buytendijk, and the rassenvraagstuk of the 1930s
Authors: Broere Sebastiaan
Published: February 2017

On the basis of two case studies, this article demonstrates that throughout the 1930s “synthetic reasoning” in the Netherlands provided arguments to denounce racial reductionism and eugenicist policy. These two case studies concern the anatomist and physical anthropologist J.A.J. Barge (1884-1952) and the physiologist and psychologist F.J.J. Buytendijk (1887-1974). Barge and Buytendijk participated in a public debate on race and fiercely contested the claim – from their perspective primarily defended by German scientists – that heritable, racial factors determined personality and physiology. Christian principles undoubtedly motivated Barge and Buytendijk to raise their voices, but in criticizing the public uses of race, they based their arguments, above all, on epistemological considerations. This article examines theoretical investigations by Buytendijk and Barge into the foundations of the life sciences, the “race question” of the 1930s, and the 1939 Seminar on the Race Question organized by the Catholic University in Nijmegen. Although both intellectuals supported the broadening of explanatory schemes in biology and the human sciences, they differed on the question what synthesis meant with regard to the concept of race.
Een vroeg telescoopje uit Delft
Authors: Cocquyt Tiemen
Published: February 2017

An early spyglass from Delft Recently, a small spyglass was uncovered during archaeologic excavations in Delft. Remarkable about the find are its fashioning in sheet iron and the heavily stopped down objective lens. These are the presumed characteristics of Dutch telescopes from the early seventeenth century, none of which appear to have been preserved. This article sets out the results of the subsequent research on the object carried out in Museum Boerhaave, in which this suspicion was confirmed. Finally, a glimpse is offered on the mathematical-optical culture in Golden Age Delft, and a possible maker for the spyglass is put forward.
A ÁGUA COMO RECURSO AMBIENTAL: A COBRANÇA FUNDAMENTADA NO PRINCÍPIO DO USUÁRIO-PAGADOR
Authors: Correa Philipe Stéphano Gonçalves
Published: February 2017

Resumo: O presente estudo tem objetivo, análise da cobrança de recursos hídricos no Brasil a luz da Lei nº 9.433/97, que instituiu a Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos, criando e definindo critérios de outorga de direitos e cobrança de seu uso. Discorrerá acerca da natureza jurídica e finalidades da cobrança do uso da água e os princípios ambientais pertinentes à cobrança, como o “poluidor-pagador” e “usuário-pagador”. Após revisão da literatura ambiental e consulta a jurisprudências, verificou-se que a cobrança pelo uso da água não tem natureza tributária, embora seja um bem dotado de valor econômico. Deste modo, verifica-se que a Política de Recursos Hídricos somente será efetuada, ocorrendo parceria entre poder Público e sociedade civil.

Palavras-chave: Direito Ambiental; Água; Política Nacional; Recursos Hídricos; Cobrança; 
PROGRAMA MENINO DO DEDO VERDE: 23 ANOS INTEGRANDO PROTEÇÃO SOCIAL E CIDADANIA AMBIENTAL
Authors: Voltoline de Oliveira Janaine , Lemos de Amorim John Eric , Lustosa Costa Maria Célia , Voltolini Luzia
Published: February 2017

O Programa Menino do Dedo Verde, junção das políticas de assistência social e meio ambiente atende adolescentes em situação de risco e vulnerabilidade social em Boa Vista/Roraima com foco na proteção social, fortalecimento de vínculos familiares e protagonismo juvenil com ênfase na cidadania ambiental, tendo o desafio do engajamento na construção de uma cultura formadora de atitudes de cidadania ecológica, supondo o sentido de responsabilidade ética e social que considere a solidariedade e a justiça ambiental como faces de uma sociedade justa e ambientalmente orientada para a geração de novas predisposições comportamentais, reavaliação de valores e visão de mundo.
Régimen institucional de la participación público-privada en Uruguay
Authors: Schiavi Pablo
Published: February 2017

La nueva ley de los contratos de participación público-privada (PPP) en Uruguay constituye un marco institucional novedoso en cuanto al diseño, estructuración y celebración de los contratos relacionados con estos proyectos. Entre sus particularidades se destaca la atribución de competencias de ejecución, regulación y control de las PPP a distintos organismos estatales. Con posterioridad, se implementa una reglamentación tendiente a facilitar la implementación y ejecución de esta tipología contractual por parte de la Administración contratante. En el presente trabajo de investigación se estudian dichos cambios, con el fin de entender mejor el rol que asume la Comisión técnica de la Unidad de proyectos de PPP.
Las agencias estatales de naturaleza especial en Colombia
Authors: Garrido María Clara
Published: February 2017

Con la más reciente reforma a la estructura de la administración pública colombiana del orden nacional se propaga entre 2011 y 2013 la figura de la “agencia nacional”, término con el que se denomina a una serie de organismos administrativos que estarían orientados al logro de resultados y a la eficaz utilización de los recursos públicos. Dentro de las agencias creadas aparecen aquellas “estatales de naturaleza especial” como unidades de servicios de la administración, con las que se pretendía contar con estructuras diferentes, que estuvieran caracterizadas por una especialidad y tecnicidad. A partir de una comparación que abarca aspectos orgánicos y funcionales se buscó determinar si realmente las agencias estatales de naturaleza especial constituyen una tipología de órganos distinta de los organismos y entidades contemplados en la Ley 489 de 1998.
Study on the Visual Quantification Control of Spatial Scale in Garden Landscape
Authors: Liu Xiang
Published: February 2017

From the  most   basic visual  physiological  characteristics among of  the decisive factors of  spatial scale , the control  of  stadia and visual  angle on the garden space distribution  and the  common   quantification control  laws    on spatial  scale  were  analyzed and summarized.
Discussion on Building Electrical Construction Quality Control Measures
Authors: Fu Xuebo
Published: February 2017

This paper discusses in electrical engineering by building quality and safety, and the corresponding preventive measures. Author according to their own management experience to analyze the problem and tells the construction of electrical engineering safety management measures.
Study of Application of the Bored Pile Technology in Building Construction
Authors: Zhu Yanan
Published: February 2017

Bored piles involve making pile holes in the site needing pile by mechanical drilling methods and other methods, then placing the pile made of reinforcing cage and pouring concrete inside the holes. Bored piles have smaller vibration and noise compared to sinking pile by hammer method, and are suitable for all kinds of foundations, thus getting the favour of construction enterprises in recent years and is widely used in construction engineering. However, during the process of borehole piling, the bearing capacity of the pile was severely affected by the quality of construction and it is difficult to control the quality of concrete. Hence, bored pile technology is very important. This study will mainly discuss bored pile technology in building construction.
On Matters Needing Attention in Building Structure Design
Authors: Huo Ruiping
Published: February 2017

Although there have been good developments in China’s construction industry with increasing building technology and design levels, there are still some issues that require attention and to be solved by designers in constructing structure designs. The stability of building structure and the quality of construction can only be ensured with continual rectifying and solving problems in structural design. In this study, the discussion examines some design problems encountered in actual construction work.
Framework to Guide Rail type Adhesive Lifting Scaffolding in the Design and Application of High-rise Residential Buildings
Authors: Mao Man , Li Rui , Zeng Ke
Published: February 2017

As to combine with specific engineering practice, this paper presents a framework to guide rail type adhesive lifting scaffolding in high-rise residential building design and constructions well as changed the traditional characteristics of steel pipe scaffold by using new standard truss and scaffold board design All the connecting parts are connected by bolt, using electric wrench to install, and implementing the overall tools, systematic design and installation. Engineering practice proved that the frame rail type adhesive lifting scaffold can not only speed up the construction progress, control costs and improve economic efficiency, but also be popularized in similar engineering.
Research on the Gas Tunnel Ventilation
Authors: Yang Min
Published: February 2017

Along with the development of high speed railway, the ratio of high gas tunnel in construction process becomes more and more. Meanwhile, ventilation is an important measure to make sure security of gas tunnel construction, it is a key problem that whether the ventilation system is perfect or not. Through the research of actual gas tunnel, not only to meet the demands of construction, but also to save cost, therefore, it is key point of modern gas tunnel construction. 
Analysis of Causes of CFG Pile Necking in Saturated Soft Soil Layer and Its Control Measures
Authors: Hang Wang
Published: February 2017

In recent years, composite foundation technology has been widely used in foundation treatment. Composite foundation theory has become an important research topic in the field of geotechnical engineering. CFG pile (Abbreviation of cement, fly ash, and gravel pile) in composite foundation is one of the commonly used technologies. It has advantages such as simple construction, reliable quality and low cost. When it is used in soft foundation treatment, it significantly improves the bearing capacity, reduces settlement, and turns waste (fly ash) to treasure, which benefits economic and social significantly. During construction, various defects in construction quality will affect the effect of soft foundation treatment. CFG pile necking is one of the more representative quality defects. This paper combined some project examples to analyze the causes of CFG pile necking and develop effective control measures for it which has a certain reference value towards the quality control of the technology
Efecto del programa preventivo promocional @COM en el uso de la internet de un grupo de estudiantes universitarios.
Authors: Ortega Pauta Beatriz Isabel
Published: February 2017

La internet, considerada de gran utilidad para la ciencia y la educación, se ha incorporado a la vida cotidiana y a cambiando los patrones de comunicación, información y relaciones sociales. Facilita actividades de diversa índole, pero también genera problemas sociales al no utilizarse adecuadamente. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el efecto del programa preventivo promocional @COM, en el uso de la Internet en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios. Se aplicó un diseño cuasi experimental, con dos grupos y medidos con pre test y pos test. Se trabajó con 28 sujetos para el grupo experimental y con 24 para el grupo control. Antes y después del programa se aplicó el test de dependencia a internet de Choliz a ambos grupos. Luego, solo al grupo experimental se le aplicó el programa preventivo promocional @COM diseñado en base a la teoría cognitiva social de Bandura, y los factores de riesgo y de protección.  Los datos encontrados fueron tratados mediante la t de Student e indicaron cambios significativos en el grupo experimental y ausencia de cambios en el grupo control. En la fase de seguimiento los resultados se mantuvieron. Finalmente, se midió el tamaño de efecto (d) demostrando la validez y efectividad del programa @COM en la prevención de la adicción a internet y en la promoción de un uso seguro de la misma.Lainternet,consideradadegranutilidadparalacienciaylaeducación,sehaincorporadoalavidacotidiana y a cambiando los patrones de comunicación, información y relaciones sociales. Facilita actividades de diversa índole,perotambiéngeneraproblemassocialesalnoutilizarseadecuadamente.Elobjetivodelainvestigación fue determinar el efecto del programa preventivopromocional @COM, en el uso de la Interneten un grupo de estudiantesuniversitarios.Seaplicóundiseñocuasiexperimental,condosgruposymedidosconpretestypostest. Setrabajócon28sujetosparaelgrupoexperimentalycon24paraelgrupocontrol.Antesydespuésdelprograma seaplicóeltestdedependenciaainternetdeCholizaambosgrupos.Luego,soloalgrupoexperimentalseleaplicó elprogramapreventivopromocional@COMdiseñadoenbasealateoríacognitivasocialdeBandura,ylosfactores deriesgoydeprotección.  Losdatosencontrados fuerontratadosmediante la tdeStudent eindicaron cambios significativos enelgrupoexperimentalyausenciadecambiosenelgrupocontrol.Enlafasedeseguimientolos resultados se mantuvieron. Finalmente, se midióel tamañode efecto(d) demostrando la validez y efectividad del programa @COM en la prevención de la adicción a internet y en la promoción de un uso seguro de la misma.
Modern and Convensional Wound Dressing to Interleukin 1 and Interleukin 6 in Diabetic wound
Authors: Nontji Werna , Hariati Suni , Arafat Rosyidah
Published: February 2017

Introduction:Holistic wound care is one of the ways to prevent gangrene and amputation, modern wound dressing is more effective than convensional with increasing transforming growth factor and cytokine, especially interleukin. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of Modern and Convensional Wound Dressing to Interleukin 1 (IL-1) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) in Diabetic wound. Method:A Quasi eksperimental pre-post with control group design was used. The intervention given was modern wound dressing and Control group by convensional wound dressing, This study was conducted in Makassar with 32 samples (16 in intervention group and 16 in control group). Result: The result of Pooled T- test showed that p = 0.00 (p < 0.05), it means that there was signifi cant correlation between modern wound dressing to IL-6 and IL-1 than Convensional wound dressing. Discussion: Process of wound healing was produced growth factor and cytokine (IL-1 and IL-6), it will stimulated by wound dressing, modern wound dressing (Calcium alginat) can absorb wound drainage, non oklusive, non adhesif, and autolytic debridement.Keywords: Modern wound dressing, Interleukin 1 (IL-1), Interleukin 6 (IL-6)