bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Potential of using Georgian Wine and Dried Prune in the Production of Bakery Products
Authors:   1 Doctor of Food Technology, Associative Professor, Faculty of Agricultural, Natural Sciences and Technologies, Iakob Gogebashvili Telavi State University, Telavi, Georgia, Elanidze Lali , Khomych Galina ,   Doctor of technical science, Professor, Head of the Department of Food Production Technologies and Restaurant Business, University of Economics and Trade, Poltava, Ukraine
Published: October 2024

A study was conducted on bread enriched with grape seed flour and Saperavi* wine to determine the total phenolics and anthocyanins transferred. Additionally, the physical-chemical parameters of bread baked using standard technology and bread enriched with dried prunes were evaluated and the organoleptic properties of the ready-made product were studied.
The Significance of Biliary Anatomical Variation as a Key Indicator in Laparoscopic Bile Duct Injuries
Authors:   The University of Mississippi Medical center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA, A Bukeirat Faisal , Lauren Winter Anna ,   The University of Mississippi Medical center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA, Missling Klara S ,   The University of Mississippi Medical center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA, Brar Himmat S ,   The University of Mississippi Medical center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The science of Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is the science and art of millimeters that has marvelously evolved over the past 30 years. Cholecystectomy, most of which is done laparoscopically, is one of the most common procedures performed today (approximately 750,000 cases are performed annually in the USA) and is considered relatively safe. However, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with bile duct injuries. Several studies examining bile duct injuries have found significant rates of complication (0.39%---1.5%, that comes roughly to over 3,000 patient per year). Therefore, bile duct injuries are commonly encountered, and a clear understanding of the extensive variation in biliary anatomy is imperative to appropriately and successfully manage this common clinical problem to ultimately provide the highest level of patient care.
Enhancing Salesforce Security and Governance through Just-In- Time Provisioning and Automated Access Management
Authors:   USA, Konakalla Kiran , Vennam Hareesh ,   USA
Published: October 2024

The governance and security challenges of large Salesforce deployments are a growing concern for organizations, particularly those handling sensitive customer data. This paper proposes a Just-In-Time (JIT) provisioning system in Salesforce, offering a proactive solution to mitigate risks by dynamically managing user access and privileges. The system ensures that users only receive necessary permissions for limited timeframes, thereby reducing security risks and enhancing organizational governance. We explore how Salesforce Shield, audit trails, and automated provisioning via Apex code and Process Builder streamline user management while ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements like GDPR. Furthermore, we examine how Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), such as license utilization, access requests, and compliance rates, can provide insight into the system’s efficacy.
Study of Blood Lipid Levels and C-Reactive Protein in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome
Authors:   Lattakia, Tishreen University Hospital, Syria, Ebrahim Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between the level of blood lipids and inflammatory reaction protein and pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Methods: The research sample included 75 patients with pseudoexfoliation deposits that were discovered during the examination of the anterior sections of the eye on the slit lamp, attending the general eye clinic at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia during the time period 2022-2023, who investigated the inclusion criteria in the research, in addition to a control sample consisting of 75 patients as well. All participants underwent a detailed clinical history and ophthalmological examination including visual acuity examination and slit-lamp examination before and after mydriasis, after which the following laboratory tests were performed: CRP, LDL, HDL, TC, and TG on peripheral blood samples drawn after a 12-hour fast. Results: By comparing the patient group with the control group, our study found that there were no statistically significant differences between the two research groups according to demographic variables, as it was (P-value=0.6) for gender and (P-value=0.1) for age. We also noted with this comparison that there were no statistically significant differences between the two research groups according to the average values of the inflammatory reaction protein (CRP) (P = 0.06), total cholesterol (TC) (P = 0.5), triglycerides (TG) (P = 0.4), and low-density lipoprotein. (LDL) (P=0.6) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (P=0.8) Conclusion: We did not find an increase in the level of lipids in the blood, nor even in the level of CRP, in PEX patients attending the eye clinic at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia. These findings raise doubts about the possible relationship between PEX and vascular disease. Because the results of our and other studies are inconclusive, the causes and correlates of PEX remain unexplained and more studies on this topic are needed.
Diagnostic Performance of Bronchoscopy in Lung Cancer and/or Pulmonary Metastasis: A Real Aspect of our Country
Authors:   Pulmonology Unit, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico, Rabadan-Armenta Saul J
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of different bronchoscopic sampling techniques in patients with suspected lung cancer and/or pulmonary metastasis at the General Hospital of Mexico, a center without access to endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS).
Disclosure of the True Essence of Quantum Theory on the Basis of Scientific Philosophy
Authors:   Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Republic of Kazakhstan, Karabalievich Altayev Namaz
Published: October 2024

It is well known that in 1900, after Planck obtained the basic equation of quantum theory, there came a moment when it became necessary to obtain a theoretical justification of this equation. In 1911, based on the possibility of Gibbs' canonical distribution function (CDF), he solved this problem partially: he obtained a justification for the second multiplier of his equation. Then on the basis of the analysis of these results he stated that henceforth in the role of the basic concept of quantum theory there is a necessity to accept the possibility of the concept of the quantum of action. However, Poincaré at the same congress criticized these new ideas. For he recognized the value of the idea of the quantum of action in solving only frequent problems. Therefore, he further, in his article entitled "On the Theory of Quanta", made the following conclusion: in his opinion, the main essence of quantum theory is connected with the concept of the quantum of energy [1]. Thus, he wanted to say that in the future the main results of Planck's quantum theory have the possibility to substantiate only if the possibility of the concept of energy quantum is taken as more general. In this paper an attempt is made to prove that it is really so.
Relativistic Modeling of Charged Anisotropic Stars in a Buchdahl Spacetime
Authors:   Department of Basic Sciences, Maritime University of the Caribbean, Venezuela, Malaver Manuel , Iyer Rajan ,   Department of Physical Mathematics Sciences Engineering, Engineering International Operational Teknet Earth Global, United States of America
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we studied the behavior of relativistic objects with charged anisotropic matter distribution with a linear equation of state considering a metric potential proposed for Buchdahl (1959). The new solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell system of equations are found in term of elementary functions. A physical analysis of electromagnetic field indicates that is regular in the origin and well behaved. The new obtained models satisfy all physical requirements of a physically reasonable stellar object. The models are consistent with the upper limit on the mass of compact stars for PSR J1823-3021G, PSR J1748- 2446an and PSR J1518+4904.
The Importance of Fast-Track Projects for the Outcome of Elderly Patients with Femur and Hip Fractures in the Decrease of all Evaluated Parameters
Authors:   INCA Senior Researcher, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Anesthesiologist of Complexo Hospitalar Mangabeira, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil, Imbelloni Luiz Eduardo
Published: October 2024

Background: Population aging is a worldwide phenomenon, and there are 37.7 million elderly people in Brazil. In the period between 2008-2012, showed that more than 181 thousand cases occurred, of hip and femur fractures in elderly patients. Through an Excel spreadsheet, designed in 2010, the objective of this study was to compare the results after the implementation of a fast-track project after femoral surgery in patients aged over 60 years, with predicted routine SUS Hospital. Methods: Patients were observed during two distinct periods: before implantation and after the implementation of the new project. Data evaluation was carried out in four stages of the study in both groups: before arrival to the operating room, during surgery, PACU and on the ward in the morning of day 1 postoperatively. The tests used for statistical analysis were the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. For all tests considered, the significance level is 0.05. Results: The implementation of the project significantly reduces from 8% to 99% of all parameters evaluated in the four stages of the study and increases the quality of postoperative analgesia by 30%. These data resulted in greater patient and family satisfaction, and probably lower cost. Conclusions: The Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) project has as its primordial objective the humanization of any medical treatment, and this study decreasing practically all the studied parameters and increasing analgesia (time and quality), should be the objective of the implantation of all SUS hospitals. Despite not having calculated the cost, these results probably contributed to its decrease.
Peran Penting "Friksi" dalam Pembelajaran di Era Generative AI
Authors: Baskara FX. Risang
Published: October 2024

Seiring dengan meningkatnya popularitas pemanfaatan alat-alat kecerdasan buatan generatif (Generative Artificial Intelligence) seperti ChatGPT dalam dunia pendidikan yang menjanjikan efisiensi dan pengalaman pembelajaran tanpa hambatan ("frictionless"), muncul pula perspektif kritis yang mempertanyakan dampaknya terhadap proses belajar-mengajar yang sesungguhnya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara teoritis pentingnya peran "friksi" atau hambatan dalam pembelajaran dan mengapa ia merupakan fitur esensial yang tidak dapat dihilangkan begitu saja dalam konteks pendidikan. Argumen utama yang diajukan adalah bahwa friksi, yang melibatkan upaya, alokasi waktu, dan penerapan pengetahuan sebelumnya, diperlukan agar pembelajaran yang bermakna dan berkelanjutan dapat terjadi. Melalui tinjauan literatur dari para pakar, kerangka teoritis dari pedagogi dan psikologi kognitif, serta diskusi implikasinya bagi para pendidik, artikel ini mengelaborasi bagaimana pendekatan kritis terhadap literasi AI yang justru menambah friksi dalam PROSIDING Vol.1 No.1 2022 SENTIKJAR 2 . sistem pembelajaran dapat memperkaya dan memperdalam proses belajar, alih-alih menghambatnya. Mempertanyakan dampak AI, menelaah keterbatasannya, mengeksplorasi bias yang terkandung, serta mendiskusikan aspek etisnya merupakan aktivitas yang dapat menstimulasi pemikiran kritis dan reflektif. Guru sebaiknya tidak hanya memburu efisiensi waktu melalui otomatisasi dan meniadakan friksi, melainkan memanfaatkan teknologi secara bijaksana sekaligus memperdalam keterlibatan siswa secara bermakna dalam proses pembelajaran.
Peran Teknologi AI dalam Pengembangan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa
Authors: Harmilawati  , Rifqatussa’diyah  , Amalia Putri , Majid Husaini Amaliyah , Sahrah Izza As
Published: October 2024

Kemajuan teknologi dan peningkatan kemampuan komputasi komputer telah membuka peluang untuk menerapkan berbagai aplikasi dan algoritme yang sebelumnya tidak mungkin dijalankan pada perangkat portabel seperti laptop dan ponsel pintar. Salah satu teknik yang semakin populer adalah kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI), yang kini telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan sehari-hari. AI adalah istilah umum yang mengacu pada simulasi kecerdasan manusia oleh mesin yang menggunakan data besar untuk melakukan berbagai tugas. Kehadiran AI telah membawa dampak positif dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia, termasuk di bidang pendidikan. Namun, di samping manfaatnya, AI juga memiliki dampak negatif yang signifikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh AI terhadap pengembangan kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa dari perspektif epistemologis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dan analisis literatur. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa AI dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis melalui beberapa cara, seperti meningkatkan akses ke sumber daya pembelajaran, personalisasi pembelajaran, mendukung pembelajaran kolaboratif, memberikan umpan balik yang cepat dan akurat, serta mendukung pembelajaran berbasis masalah (Problem-Based Learning/PBL). Namun, penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi beberapa dampak negatif, termasuk ketergantungan pada teknologi, kualitas informasi yang tidak terjamin, isolasi sosial, serta masalah etika dan privasi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pendekatan yang seimbang dan strategis dalam mengintegrasikan AI dalam pendidikan untuk memastikan bahwa manfaatnya dapat dimaksimalkan, sementara dampak negatifnya diminimalkan.
Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence sebagai Media Pembelajaran Digital
Authors: Suriyati Suriyati , Ramadani Nuriya , Musdalifah
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan kecerdasan buatan sebagai mediapembelajaran digital pada mata pelajaran IPAS di SD Negeri 111 Lembang Gogoso. Penelitian initermasuk penelitian fenomenologi dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian yaitu, guru kelas II,IV, V dan 3 peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasidan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan cara trianggulasi sumber dan trianggulasi teknik.Adapun teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data danpenarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Dalam pembelajaran IPAS,SDN 111 Lembang Gogoso memanfaatkan Artificial inteligens berbasis aplikasi canva, google form,dan kahoot sebagai media pembelajaran digital. Canva dinilai sebagai salah satu media yang dapatmendukung proses pembelajaran secara visual dan audio visual. Google form efektif dalammengevaluasi hasil belajar peserta didik. Kahoot dimanfaatkan untuk membuat kuis online gunameningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik.
Emerging Trends in Pre-Anesthetic Assessment: A Systematic Review of Novel Approaches and Technologies
Authors: Viteri Hinojosa Andres Sebastian
Published: October 2024

In order to understand the current evolution, this systematic review examines the advances in preanesthetic assessment. Although the paper demonstrates the potential to revolutionize patient care, it also recognizes its limitations. These include publication bias and search limitations. At the same time, the general exposure to advances in preoperative care, including but not limited to technology and patient-centered approaches, may be valuable to the research. The nature of survey research is complicated because studies vary in quality and are prone to bias. Nevertheless, studies should be conducted on a regular basis, and techniques for assessing preanesthetic should be improved. Furthermore, this improvement should take into account patient outcomes and their subsequent need for surgical safety. Although achievements in assessment systems have limitations, prospective developments aim to fill gaps, including deficiencies in current approaches. This fact is beneficial for both patients and healthcare providers, and underscores the importance of innovation and EBP practices for preanesthetic assessment and overall quality of perioperative care.
Guía de práctica clínica: soporte nutricional, hídrico y metabólico en el niño críticamente enfermo
Authors: Campos-Miño Santiago , Carrión Estefanía , Moscoso Paúl
Published: October 2024

El soporte nutricional es un componente integral en el tratamiento del niño críticamente enfermo. Una nutrición adecuada se asocia con beneficios en términos de morbimortalidad. Presentamos una guía clínica para la evaluación nutricional, el diagnóstico del riesgo nutricional, el cálculo de requerimientos calóricos y proteicos, y la administración del soporte nutricional.
La evaluación preanestésica a la luz de las tecnologías del siglo XXI
Authors: Paredes Pardo Edgar
Published: October 2024

La evaluación preanestésica es una parte fundamental en la preparación perioperatoria, encaminada a identificar los riesgos potenciales asociados a un procedimiento diagnóstico o intervención quirúrgica y a guiar al personal quirúrgico en la optimización de variables biológicas.
La desnutrición infantil en el Ecuador
Authors: Páez Reinaldo
Published: October 2024

En el editorial titulado “¿La enseñanza de la nutrición clínica en Ecuador es suficiente para enfrentar nuestra realidad?” deja entrever la poca o ninguna relevancia que se le brinda a ésta disciplina clínica y que en el mejor de los casos es parte complementaria de otras asignaturas como pediatría, cuidados intensivos o atención primaria, analizando que las escuelas de medicina del país, brindan poca importancia a la nutrición clínica en la formación de sus médicos generales y que ello podría contribuir a los porcentajes preocupantes de desnutrición infantil existente en el Ecuador.
Miopía uno de los errores refractivos de importancia mundial
Authors: Canseco Napoleón
Published: October 2024

La miopía es uno de los errores refractivos de importancia mundial por la alta incidencia en los últimos años, se calcula que para los años 2050 la mitad de la población mundial padecería de miopía, y un 10% miopía patológica (mayor a -6.0 dioptrías).Se inicia en la etapa escolar con tendencia a progresar, es una de las principales causas de discapacidad visual en niños y adolescentes afectando el rendimiento académico, el desarrollo psicosocial y su futura actividad laboral.
COVID-19 SHOCK: THE SHORT-TERM IMPACT ON THE EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN FINANCIAL MARKETS
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, ”Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, Galati, Romania, Bărbuță-Mișu Nicoleta , Hada Teodor ,   Department of Finance, “Bogdan Voda” University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Iuga Iulia Cristina ,   Department of Finance-Accounting, “1 Decembrie 1918” University of Alba Iulia, Alba Iulia, Romania, Wainberg Dorin ,   Department of Finance-Accounting, “1 Decembrie 1918” University of Alba Iulia, Alba Iulia, Romania
Published: October 2024

The new coronavirus has very seriously shaken the behavior of global financial markets. Globally, the COVID-19 shock is considered severe, even compared to the Great Financial Crisis that took place in 2007-2008. Considering the persistence of the virus, this study is designed to investigate the short-term impact of COVID-19 upon financial markets of Europe and the United States (US) in the entire year of 2020. In the research we used daily data from the period 1st January – 31st December 2020 and linear regression. The stock markets indices selected in the sample were: European stock indices DAX30, FTSE100 and CAC40 and the American stock indices DJI and S&P500. The study’s results showed that there is a significant relationship between the number of new daily cases of COVID-19 and the considered stock market indices. But there is a much stronger correlation between oil prices and stock indices than between the number of COVID-19 new cases and stock indices. We conclude that the market has been intensely agitated at a terrible level. The American, London, French and German stock markets reacted negatively to the increase in confirmed cases of COVID-19 and to the price of oil. So, the market reaction with respect to the number of COVID-19 new daily cases is significant.
TRANSFORMING BUSINESS LANDSCAPES: STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE AND INNOVATIVE GROWTH IN THAILAND
Authors:   School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok, Thailand, Lhakard Polwasit
Published: October 2024

This article explores the innovative business models and strategies that Thai companies are embracing to enhance their competitiveness, foster sustainability, and adapt to the evolving market conditions. By drawing on the work of prominent scholars, the article provides a comprehensive understanding of the transformative processes shaping the future of Thai businesses. Key findings include the adoption of platform-based models, circular economy models, servitization models, collaborative and sharing-based models, and localized and resilient supply chain models. The article also highlights the synergistic framework that integrates digital transformation, sustainability, entrepreneurship, and supply chain resilience, driving sustainable and innovative growth for Thai businesses.
THE DIGITAL ENTERPRISE LANDSCAP: HOW DESI METRICS SHAPE ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE EU
Authors:   Doctoral School of Economics and Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, West University of Timisoara, Timișoara, Romania, Doroiman Maria Magdalena , Sîrghi Nicoleta ,   Department of Economics and Economic Modelling, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, West University of Timisoara, Timișoara, Romania
Published: October 2024

The European Union’s (EU) economic growth is increasingly driven by digitalization across all areas, including the digital transformation of businesses. This paper explores how the digital transformation of enterprises could influence economic growth in the EU by analyzing data from the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) and economic metrics from Eurostat for the post-pandemic period (2021-2022). This paper uses econometric techniques like Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSEs) and Robust Regression with Huber Iteration (RRHI) to investigate the cause-and-effect relationships between digitalization and economic factors such as GDP growth rate and real GDP per capita growth. The results show that different digital strategies have varying effects on economic performance. The paper also emphasizes the critical role of real labor productivity in connecting digital transformation with economic performance. The implications of this paper highlight the need for nuanced policy strategies that foster digital skills, improve technological infrastructure and support the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in their digitalization efforts in order to achieve the ambitious objectives of the EUs Digital Decade. The results also propose a strategic focus on specific technologies that offer immediate economic advantages and enable a stronger incorporation of digital progress across various business operations in the member states.
KNOWLEDGE SHARING IN BUSINESS AND COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors:   National University of Political Studies and Public Administration, Bucharest, Romania, BUDEANU Nicolae Alexandru
Published: October 2024

Over the past years, business intelligence and competitive intelligence practices achieved a significant importance in organizations, due to their capability of providing the necessary knowledge for the decision-makers, providing a significant advantage against market competitors or internal and external threats and vulnerabilities. Also, business intelligence and competitive intelligence have been under researcher’s scope, the literature in those domains being continuously updated with new findings. Also, knowledge sharing is a process that helps organizations increase their employees understanding and expertise in certain fields, being highly recognized by both practitioners and researchers for its importance and efficiency. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the state of the literature in business intelligence and competitive intelligence, in correlation with knowledge sharing concept, in order to identify the connections between these domains. Also, this article aims to present an analysis that could provide a better understanding about the research interest in integrating knowledge sharing in business intelligence and competitive intelligence practices. In order to achieve the proposed objective, this research performs a bibliometric analysis using VOSViewer, a specialized software designed for creating visualizing maps that present networks between specific items. The information used for conducting this research was retrieved from Web of Science core collection and Scopus, world’s largest index databases.
EVALUATING SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH RESOURCE EFFICIENCY: A CASE STUDY OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY PRACTICES IN THREE COMPANIES
Authors:   Alexandre Lamfalussy Faculty of Economics, University of Sopron, Hungary, Brinsi Wael
Published: October 2024

The concept of a circular economy (CE) aims to develop a closed-loop system that strives to minimize waste, which adversely impacts the environment. Besides the positive impact on the environment, the adoption of CE generates economic, social, and cultural benefits that encourage companies to shift from linear ‘take-produce-use-dump’ to circular models of product. In this paper, we explore the implementation of CBMs in three companies from different industries including key factors contributing to the successful implementation of CBMs, benefits and challenges. Through an examination of best practices of the case studies from different sectors (Fashion, Manufacturing, Electronics), these companies have significantly enhanced resource efficiency and sustainability, demonstrating the viability and benefits of circular practices.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND REAL EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIAN LISTED FINANCIAL FIRMS
Authors:   Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, Okafor Chinwuba A. , Ogiedu Killian O. ,   Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, Aronmwan Edosa J. ,   Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, Ogboro Efafosa ,   Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
Published: October 2024

The focus of the study is the examination of the relationship that exists between corporate governance and real earnings management in Nigerian listed financial firms, with attention on three corporate governance variables (board tenure, board expertise and CEO ownership). The study adopts a longitudinal research design. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and panel regression analysis technique, with emphasis on the random effect model, were used for data analysis. A purposive sample of thirty seven (37) firms, out of the Forty nine (49) financial firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group, at year end 31st December, 2022 was studied for a period of seven years, 2016 to 2022. Findings from data analysis revealed that board expertise and CEO ownership have insignificant but positive relationships with real earnings management. In addition, board tenure was found to be significantly but negatively related to real earnings management. The correlation analysis revealed that there is a negative correlation between the variables board expertise, CEO ownership and real earnings management. Also, board tenure has a positive correlation with REM. The study recommends that directors of companies should be encouraged to spend longer time on the board as this will serve as incentive to avoid unfavourable earnings management.
The Land Question in Central Uganda: Implications to the Universities
Authors: Sophia Kazibwe , Vincent Kayindu
Published: October 2024

Universities, as centers of knowledge, are expected to foster research, share information, and engage with their communities. In Uganda, where land disputes often impact universities, these institutions have a role in addressing such issues. This qualitative study was conducted in Central Uganda, specifically at four universities located in different districts: Kampala International University in Kampala, Nkumba University in Wakiso, Ndejje University in Luweero, and Muteesa 1 Royal University in Masaka. The study focused on land disputes between 2000 and 2013, a period marked by a surge in university establishments and land conflicts in the region. Twenty individuals were interviewed for this study, including two top university administrators, fifteen lecturers, and three local residents living near the universities. The research aimed to understand the nature of land issues in Central Uganda and their implications for universities. The analysis identified four key themes: the nature of the land problem, land management, land title issues, and the role of university academics in addressing land disputes. The findings revealed widespread land disputes in Central Uganda, with respondents attributing the problems to government inaction, suggesting that the government seems indifferent to the plight of local farmers. Some universities, such as Makerere and Kyambogo, faced conflicts with tenants and land grabbers. Additionally, one public university’s leasehold land had expired, and the concerned authorities were seemingly reluctant to renew the lease. The study highlighted several implications for universities, including the need for proper land titles, land fencing, and enhanced community engagement through educating local residents about land laws. It also recommended that the government, particularly the President, take decisive action against land grabbers, as respondents believed that the executive, judiciary, and legislature are all influenced by him.
Is there a Trade-Off between Inflation and Unemployment: The Case of Nigeria
Authors: Olanma Onwuemeka, Irene , Ifeoma Obiukwu, Sandralyn , Chibueze Abamara, Kelechi , Chijindu Okeke, Queen
Published: October 2024

This study examined whether a trade-off exist between inflation and unemployment in Nigeria by investigating the validity of the Phillips Curve Preposition in the Nigerian economy using data from 1981-2022. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bounds of cointegration was employed for the analysis of short-run and long-run effects of inflation, population growth rate and foreign direct investment on unemployment. The short-run result endorsed the validity of the Phillips Curve preposition in Nigeria. Thus, a moderate inflation is tolerated in order to enjoy low unemployment in the short-run and vice verse. However, the results of the long-run revealed that there is no trade-off between inflation and unemployment in Nigeria and that the Phillips Curve is a vertical line at the natural rate of unemployment. Furthermore, the causality results showed the presence of unidirectional causality from inflation to unemployment in Nigeria. On the basis of this study it can be concluded that an attempt to decrease unemployment at the cost of higher inflation in the short run led to higher inflation and no change in unemployment in the long run in Nigeria. Consequently, we recommend among others, adoption of discretionary policy that would reduce unemployment by boosting government spending and at same time maintain stability in money supply. In addition, creation of a more business friendly economy by the government is needed to attract foreign direct investment into the economy for job creation.
Effect of Financial Deepening on Private Investment in Kenya
Authors: Chepkorir Brendah , Mbaabu Onesmus , Maugu Lenity , Thuo Miriam
Published: October 2024

Private investment remains an important sector in the growth of the economy and sustainable development in Kenya. It is envisioned to create job opportunities, distribute income and alleviate poverty. The growth rate of private investments witnessed in the past years in Kenya is below the expected growth rate of 24%. Since 1980, the highest growth has been achieved at 15.2% in 2014. It then declined to 12.96% in 2021, 13.34% and 13.40% in 2022 and 2023 respectively, which are much below the projected growth rate. Existing studies in Kenya lack substantial inquiry on the relationship between financial deepening and private investment and have dealt with them separately without linking the two in a dynamic framework. Additionally, most of those studies tend to rely on a limited set of indicators of financial deepening, while employing different methods for analysis that may not be appropriate for unbiased results. The current study intended to determine the effect of financial deepening on private investment. A disaggregated analysis of three aspects of financial deepening was done: private sector credit, broad money and bank deposits. Data was obtained from KNBS and World Development Indicators (WDI) websites for the period between 1980-2021. STATA software was used in the analysis of the collected data. ARDL model was employed and the ECM was estimated since there was cointegration. The regression results indicated that Private sector credit, Broad money and Bank deposits were statistically significant at a 1% level in the short run. An increase in 1 percent of private sector credit, Broad money and Bank deposits cause private investment to increase by 0.32, 0.39 and 0.49 percent respectively. The findings show that financial deepening has a positive effect, while broad money and bank deposits have negative effect on private investment in the long run. The three models were good predictors of private investment as shown by R-squared values of 0.96, 0.94 and 0.94 respectively. The study concluded that financial deepening is important for growth of private investment in Kenya. Therefore, Financial intermediation theory is applicable in Kenya. The study recommends policymakers to conceptualize the policies that aim at facilitating financial access and inclusion for the marginalized groups in remote and rural areas. Further, the government needs to support financial sector through enhancing the growth of microfinance institutions. This will facilitate provision of credit and savings services to individuals earning low-income and owning small businesses.
Investigating English Language Difficulties Faced by EFL University Students among Fourth-Year BA English Major
Authors: Capacio Jason Philip B. , Datugan Alvin Gueco
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the current difficulty levels encountered by EFL university students among fourth-year BA English majors in fundamental areas of English language skills: reading, writing, listening, and speaking. A quantitative research design was employed, and the study utilized a purposive sampling method to select participants among fourth-year BA English majors from the Faculty of Liberal Arts. A self-made questionnaire was administered to assess students’ perceived challenges, scoring average difficulty ratings of 3.32 for general English skills, with specific averages of 3.16 for writing, 3.20 for listening, 3.22 for speaking, and 3.18 for reading. The results indicated that students experience concerning difficulties, particularly in writing and speaking, where a significant number reported anxiety and a lack of confidence in their communicative abilities. Additionally, challenges in listening comprehension, especially concerning diverse accents, were highlighted, emphasizing the need for targeted pedagogical interventions in these areas. Furthermore, grammar and vocabulary were identified as critical domains requiring additional instructional emphasis. To address these challenges, the study proposes several essential steps within the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) framework. It aims to expand further enhancement of the curriculum through the integration of practical courses that emphasize real-world communication, such as business communication and public speaking. In addition, it suggests increasing interactive classroom activities to mitigate anxiety and uplift student confidence, while recommending the incorporation of new opportunities to facilitate the application of language skills in authentic and even more realistic contexts.
Voting Behaviour among Rural Communities During the 2023 Presidential Election in Nigeria: A Study of Select Local Governments in Katsina State
Authors: Katsina Aliyu Mukhtar , Muhammad Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Nigeria’s presidential elections are profound reflections of the socio-economic, ethno-religious, socio-cultural, and political pulse of the nation since democratization in 1999. Essentially, this situation raises questions around the sociological and political factors shaping the voting behaviour of the electorates during presidential elections in the country. Were the considerations and factors that informed voters’ choices and behaviour in rural communities, during the elections ideological, economic, or primordial that have characterized Nigeria’s identity politics? This article interrogates this question and seeks answer to the motivations, incentives, and influences that determined voting behaviour during the 2023 presidential election in rural communities in Nigeria. Methodologically, the article relied on quantitative and qualitative data obtained conveniently from diverse sample size distributed across three local government areas (LGAs) of Katsina State. These were Baure, Bindawa, and Musawa. Their choice was informed by several considerations including representativeness, convenience, and accessibility. To ground the investigation theoretically, the funnel of causality model was employed with its emphasis on long-term, intermediate, and immediate factors influencing voting choices and behaviours, notably among rural communities. Findings from our investigation showed that voting behaviour in rural communities during the 2023 presidential election in Nigeria was shaped by a complex interplay of socio-economic conditions, traditional leadership, and localized concerns. Additionally, we showed that the election underscored the importance of personal interaction between candidates and voters, with many rural voters prioritizing candidates they had direct relationships with over party affiliations, ethno-religious affinity, and even ideological considerations.
THE DANCE OF JUSTICE: A RAWLSIAN PERSPECTIVE IN SRIVIDYA NATARAJAN’S THE UNDOING DANCE
Authors: Othaya Kumar Yusintha , Manimangai Mani
Published: October 2024

This article delves into the role of Bharatanatyam, a classical Indian dance, as a transformative force for Kalyani, the protagonist in the novel The Undoing Dance (2018). It investigates how Bharatanatyam serves not only as a form of artistic expression but also as a means of transcending caste boundaries and societal expectations. By applying the concept of the difference principle, a framework within socio-political theory, the study examines how caste-based discrimination is confronted and reimagined through the medium of dance. Natarajan's narrative, which alternates between past and present, underscores the significance of Bharatanatyam in conveying Kalyani’s inner turmoil, struggles, and ultimate empowerment. Kalyani’s journey is marked by her revaluation of her Devadasi roots—a lineage steeped in both cultural richness and societal stigmatisation. As she reconnects with her heritage, she gains a deeper understanding of the matriarchal traditions within her community and begins to reinterpret them through her dance. This exploration leads to a redefined sense of identity and womanhood, where Bharatanatyam becomes a vessel for Kalyani’s self-expression and liberation. This study argues that classical dance, particularly Bharatanatyam, provides a unique lens through which the complexities of the Indian caste system can be viewed, offering Devadasi women in South India a powerful tool for reclaiming their narratives and challenging the entrenched social hierarchies. Through dance, Kalyani not only reclaims her heritage but also transforms her pain and suffering into a powerful statement of resilience and identity.
THREAT CONSTRUCTION IN ENVIRONMENTAL DISCOURSE:
HOW FEAR APPEALS ARE CONSTRUCTED IN THE NATURE IS SPEAKING VIDEOS
Authors: Leyao Shen , Jiaming Peng
Published: October 2024

Fear appeals are a form of discourse that arouses emotional imbalance which triggers a desire to alleviate the ensuing uneasiness. Often, such appeals result in some forms of behavioural changes, at least temporarily. In public discourse, the behavioural changes are expected to be compliance towards the fear appeal advocations. Previous studies reveal that the effect of fear appeals is largely decided by threat-framing strategies (Furedi, 2006). This study examines how threat-framing strategies are constructed to produce fear appeals in public service announcement (PSA) videos. Data for our analysis comprise of 13 PSA videos from the Nature Is Speaking campaign that was launched in 2014. These videos use a unique narrative perspective, with Nature highlighting its superior power and its indispensability to humans. We adopt the Proximisation Theory (PT) proposed by Piotr Cap (2013) to identify instances of threat occurrences. According to PT, a threat occurs when an external agent or force, referred to as “the outside-deictic-centre” (ODC), is conceptualised as crossing the space to invade another central figure in the narrative, referred to in PT as “the inside-deictic-centre” (IDC). Our analysis reveals that through different choices of nouns and pronouns, Nature is constructed as the ODC that threatens humans, the IDC. The threat-framing strategies were often found to be amplified through analogies, assertions, rhetorical questions, and parallel structures. This study adds to our understanding of how fear appeal PSAs are constructed; future research needs to further examine the effectiveness of these PSAs through public surveys.
Agrivoltaics and Ecovoltaics: How Solar Power Can Deliver Water Savings, Farm Success, and a Healthier Environment
Authors: Fernandez-Bou Angel Santiago , Rodriguez-Flores Jose Manuel , Cuppari Rosa Isabella , Yang Vivian
Published: October 2024

Agrivoltaics and ecovoltaics are multibenefit land repurposing strategies that offer economic and ecological benefits. They can reduce groundwater pumping near disadvantaged communities, contribute to an equitable clean energy transition, and create job opportunities. This fact sheet details benefits, key ideas for implementation—including a focus on costs, funding sources, and permitting—, and recommendations. Farmers, land managers, and others can use it to discuss land repurposing options with communities, conservation practitioners, project proponents, and block grantees participating in the Multibenefit Land Repurposing Program or other land repurposing programs.
The Community Guide to Cumulative Impacts: Using Science and Organizing to Advance Public Health Policy
Authors: Ellickson Kristie , Curtis Kathleen
Published: October 2024

Trailblazing grassroots community advocates from across the United States joined with the Union of Concerned Scientists and Coming Clean to co-develop The Community Guide to Cumulative Impacts: Organizing, Science, and Environmental Policy. Harmful chemicals are typically regulated one at a time. Yet in the real world we are all exposed to multiple harmful chemicals, from the products we use, to pollution sources in our neighborhoods, to legacy pollution in our communities and us. These exposures combine with stressors on health that are often driven by systemic racism and unjust public policies: barriers to healthy food, existing health conditions, and poor access to healthcare. These cumulative impacts add up to harm people, especially in Environmental Justice communities. The Guide will help you take action in your community by providing an overview of strategies, tools, and state and local policies that give regulators more power to deny permits.
Memoria y tiempo. Crónicas y cronistas franciscanos en la Galicia de la Edad Moderna
Authors: Vázquez Bello Pablo
Published: October 2024

En este trabajo pretendemos un análisis de las crónicas que se elaboraron en el Reino de Galicia durante la Edad Moderna. Partiendo de una perspectiva crítica y comparativa, dentro de los parámetros de la historia cultural. El objetivo de este estudio fue el análisis de la vida y formación de los autores, el método histórico con el que elaboraron sus obras, así como la personalidad, estilo y discurso de los mismos y su concepción del tiempo y la memoria. Del mismo modo analizamos los mecanismos de difusión de estas obras y el público al que se dirigieron.
A Comparative Study of Congo Red Textile Dye Photodegradation Using ZnO Al and ZnO Al+Mn Nanoparticles
Authors: Krisandi Aprilion , Harsono Heru , Yudasari Nurfina
Published: October 2024

Photodegradation of Congo Red textile dye was successfully carried out using ZnO Al and ZnO Al+Mn nanoparticles synthesized using the bottom-up coprecipitation method. Powder X-ray diffraction provides information that Al and Mn doping successfully inserted in the host crystal structure while maintaining the Hexagonal Wurtzite crystal structure. However, a shift in the diffraction peak caused by the lattice distance changes with the addition of doping. FE-SEM EDS provides information that both nanoparticles are nonuniform sphere-like due to the addition of dopping, and each dopping is detected through EDS spectra. There is a decrease in the gap energy in each sample. ZnO Al nanoparticles have a gap energy of 3.29 eV, and ZnO Al+Mn nanoparticles have a gap energy of 3.28 eV. However, the decrease in the gap energy is not directly related to the percentage and kinetic rate of Congo Red photodegradation. Adding 5 mg of ZnO Al Nanoparticles powder could degrade Congo Red up to 97.9 % within 120 min using UV A radiation or 0.03504/min. At the same time, adding ZnO Al+Mn Nanoparticles powder with the same parameters could only degrade 67.6 % or 0.00759/min.
HIGHLIGHTS

Energy Bandgap Modification of ZnO Nanoparticles

The incorporation of Al single dopants and Al, Mn co-dopants into ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via a bottom-up coprecipitation method significantly alters the energy bandgap. Al single doping resulted in a bandgap of 3.29 eV, while Al, Mn double doping yielded a bandgap of 3.28 eV.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Al-Doped ZnO

Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles exhibited superior photocatalytic activity toward the degradation of Congo Red textile dye. With a photodegradation rate constant of 0.03504 min⁻¹, these nanoparticles achieved 97.9 % degradation of Congo Red within 120 minutes.

Comparative Photocatalytic Performance of Al, Mn Co-Doped ZnO

While Al, Mn co-doped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using the same method, their photocatalytic performance for Congo Red degradation was notably lower than that of Al-doped ZnO. The calculated photodegradation rate constant was 0.00759 min⁻¹, resulting in 67.6 % degradation within the same timeframe.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT