bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid WDM and Optical-CDMA over Multi-Mode Fiber Transmission System based on Optical Vortex
Authors: Ghazi Alaan , Aljunid S. A. , Zulkarnain Syed Idrus Syed , Endut R. , Rashidi C. B. M. , Ali N. , Al-dawoodi Aras , Fakhrudeen Ahmed M. , Fareed Alaa , Sharma Teena
Published: March 2021

The optical vortex has recently attracted scholars to implement it in optical tweezers, microscopy, optical communications, quantum information processing, optical trapping, and laser machining. Optical vortex beam applied classically that can be transferred to the transverse amplitude of a heralded single-photon, and optical vortex possesses a helical wavefront and carries orbital angular momentum. In this study, Optical vortex is applied in optical-CDMA (optical code-division multiple-access) in conjunction with WDM (wavelength division multiplexing). This mechanism aims to increase the capacity and security in optical communication significantly. The implementation of Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes with optical vortex based on one dimension zero cross-correlation (ZCC) code shows that mode coupling reduces effectively. Consequently, a positive increase in channel performance and response. Accordingly, the LG modes based on the 1D-ZCC code are investigated and propagated over multi-mode fiber (MMF) based on an optical vortex, which also substantially reduces channel effects. Consequently, all these attributes combined will result in a hybrid WDM-Optical-CDMA with an optical vortex system over MMF.
An implementation of Short Time Fourier Transform for Harmonic Signal Detection
Authors: Basir M S S M , Ismail R C , Yusof K H , Katim N I A , Isa M N M , Naziri S Z M
Published: March 2021

Power electronic components has the tendency to induce a non-linear signal called harmonic distortion. Without proper monitoring tools, harmonic distortion can harm sensitive electronic equipment, and in worse case scenarios, may lead to unreliable operation of controller and misalignment of motoring unit. This matter can be compromised by taking safety precaution, by identifying the level of harmonic rise in the electrical system. This paper presents analysis on different characteristics of harmonic signal using frequency distribution technique, namely Fourier transform (FT), and proposal of time-frequency distribution (TFD) technique, which is a short time Fourier transform (STFT). The novelty of utilizing STFT is the analyzed signal is represented in both time and frequency marginals, hence providing extra information of the spectral over the time. Simulation was carried out using MATLAB, by means the results consisting of the magnitude of multi-frequency components signal were represented in time-frequency representation (TFR). From the TFR, parameters such as instantaneous RMS fundamental voltage, V1RMS(t), instantaneous RMS voltage, VRMS(t), instantaneous total waveform distortion, VTWD(t), instantaneous total harmonic distortion, VTHD(t) and instantaneous total nonharmonic distortion, VTnHD(t) had been extracted. The performance of different harmonic signals such as normal, single-level harmonic, multi-level harmonic, short duration harmonic and interharmonic had been analyzed. The performance based on absolute percentage error (APE) index indicated average of 93% of correctness using 256 window length in STFT measurement.
5G Visible Light Communication - OCDMA Setup using Catenated-OFDM Modulation Method
Authors: Nawawi N. M. , Abdullah S. R. , Syuhada Md Zain Aini , Anuar M. S. , Junita M. N.
Published: March 2021

This paper demonstrates a new high-speed architecture of visible light communication (VLC) system combining with zero cross correlation (ZCC) code of optical code division multiplexing (OCDMA) and novel catenated-OFDM modulation scheme. In order to achieved high spectral efficiency and higher bit rate system for 5G application, we embedded multiband catenated-OFDM modulation technique and OCDMA in VLC design system. Moreover, by employing visible laser diode (VLD) in designing VLC system, we achieved 10 Gbps bit rate at 2.5 dBm input power. We investigate this new combination system design to analyze the bit rate and bit error rate (BER) in 3 m indoor VLC channel propagation.
Solvent Effect on the Electrical and Structural Properties for MEH-PPV Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLED)
Authors: Ismail N A N , Shaari S , Juhari N , Sabani N , Ahmad M F , Zakaria N F
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the performance of the electrical properties (J-V) and surface roughness of MEH-PPV based organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) towards solvent effect was investigated. The MEH-PPV layer was deposited using spin coating technique at fixed spun speed of 3000 rpm. Two different solvents, toluene and chloroform (CHCl3) and mixture toluene:CHCl3 with the ratio of 4:1 and 1:4 were used to dilute MEH-PPV at fixed concentration of 5 mgml-1. Apparently, the mixture of solvent makes the surface roughness of the MEH-PPV films reduced to 0.15 nm and 3.59 nm under the ratio 4:1 and 1:4 respectively. Besides, the mixture solvents makes the value of turn on voltage was dropped to ∼7.2 V and ∼9 V respectively compared to non-mixture solvent. The combination of different solvent apparently gives an effect on the electrical and structural properties of organic light-emitting diode.
Recent Advancements in Radio Frequency based Indoor Localization Techniques
Authors: Fong Peng Wye Kenny , Muhammad Mamduh Syed Zakaria Syed , Munirah Kamarudin Latifah , Zakaria Ammar , Binti Ahmad Norhawati
Published: March 2021

Recent developments in location-based services have heightened the needs for decent accuracy localization system for different applications. The Global Positioning System (GPS) provides adequate accuracy in the outdoor environment but suffers from poor localization accuracy in the complex and dynamic indoor environment. Therefore, the number of indoor localization researches to apply in different applications with different technologies have increased in recent years. The purpose of this paper is to summarize recent advancements in Radio Frequency (RF) based indoor localization techniques and provide insights in the indoor localization field especially in the range based localization. The range based localization is then categorized into few common algorithms such as AOA, TOA, TDOA and RSS. The discussion between algorithms in term of their advantages, disadvantages and improvement strategies to improve their accuracy are also present in this paper.
An Analysis of Background Subtraction on Embedded Platform Based on Synthetic Dataset
Authors: Iszaidy I. , Ngadiran R. , Ahmad R.B. , Ramli N. , Jais M.I. , Vijayasarveswari V.
Published: March 2021

Background subtraction is a preliminary technique used for video surveillance and a widely used approach for indexing moving objects. Arange of algorithms have been introduced over the years, and it might be hard to implement the algorithms on the embedded platform because the embedded platform comes up with limited processing power. The goal of this study is to provide a comparative analysis of available background subtraction algorithms on the embedded platform: - Raspberry Pi. The algorithms are compared based on the segmentation quality (precision, recall, and f-measure) and hardware performance(CPU usage and time consumption) using a synthetic video from BMC Dataset with different challenges like normal weather, sunny, cloudy, foggy and windy weather.
Colour Characterization and Detection of Dry Chinese Sausage Casing Twist using Colour Image Analysis
Authors: Lam CheeYuen , Ehkan Phaklen , Jungjit Suwimol
Published: March 2021

Chinese sausage is traditional air-dry sausage that loved by the Chinese community around the globe. This sausage can be served alone after steam cook or cook with other ingredients to create other tasty Chinese delicacies. However, a manual hand cutting process is required to cut out the sausage linking twist during the sausage’s packaging phase. This hand cutting process is tedious, time consuming and danger to workers. This study has proposed two types of sausage casing twist detector using image processing technique based on HSL and RGB colour characteristic and a set of blob detection technique to detect sausage casing twist blob on the output image. Hue, green-blue and red-blue colour characteristics are found being significant to represent the sausage casing twist in the sample images and used in the proposed algorithms. The RGB based algorithm is capable to produce a low noise image with SNR of 3.73dB as compared to Hue-based detector at -8.89dB which unsuccessful to remove shadow and object outlining of the output image. The proposed blob detection algorithm is able to detect 73.02% of the blob in hue-based image while 94.18% in RGB based image. The false detection rate in hue-based image has reached 333.33% compared to 12.17 % in RGB based image.
AR@UNIMAP: A Development of Interactive Map Using Augmented Reality
Authors: Romli Rusnida , Afiq Aznan Muhammad , Zhong Xian Lip , Anis Alia Bakhoruddin Nur , Nur Hazwani Binti Mohd Wazir Fatin , Raaj Singh A/L Gurdial Singh Amar
Published: March 2021

Moving towards a modern age, Augmented Reality (AR) can be considered as one of the fastest developing technologies every year wherein it is enhanced by computer-generated perceptual information and sometimes across multiple sensory modalities, including visual and text. However, students have not been exposed to this technology since they are stuck with a narrow-minded conception of using papers even though it can be too overwhelming for them since they have to read the study books, brochures, and pamphlets to get information about their universities especially for the new students who recently registered and for the visitors. To overcome this problem, we are developing an application “AR UniMAP: Pauh Putra Residential College Interactive Map”. This project aims is to develop an informative ARMap along with some additional information about the campus for the students and visitors through interactive communication through the proposed system. Smartphone with the support of ARCore is used as the main platform for the application to be implemented in such a way to display the visuals of the buildings and each room in the campus through 2D and 3D along with some additional information through text pop up on the left and right side of the smartphone screen.. The key to this architecture is to expose university students with the AR technologies and to make it easier for them to access information about their university.
The digestibility of improved sugar cane bagasse on Barbonymus schwanenfeldii
Authors: Suryaningrum L H , Samsudin R , Mulyasari  , Saputra A
Published: March 2021

The evaluation of fish capacity to digest an alternative ingredient is a critical aspect. The highly digestible ingredients will improve fish growth performance and reducing the production of wastes. This experiment was conducted to determine the digestibility of improved sugar cane bagasse as an ingredient onBarbonymus schwanenfeldiidiet. The nutrient contents of improved sugar cane bagasse were crude protein, lipid, ash, crude fiber, carbohydrates (by difference) of 22.27%, 0.68%, 8.03%, 12.75%, and 55.23% (in dry weight), respectively. To measure the digestibility of improved sugar cane bagasse, a test diet in which 30% by weight of the reference diet was replaced with improved sugar cane bagasse. Chromic oxide was used as a marker and added 0.6% to both reference and test diets. Fifteen fishes with an average weight of 10.00±0.53 g were held in 110L aquaria and fed three times daily at satiation level. The digestibility of improved sugar cane bagasse onB. schwanenfeldiiwas 66.08%, protein 84.35%, lipid 95.26%, and energy 70.49%. The result showed that the nutritive value of improved sugar cane bagasse in this present study was fairly digestible byB. schwanenfeldiiand it could be an ingredient in its diet.
Some biological stock indicators of red bigeye (priacanthus macracanthus cuvier, 1829) in Palabuhanratu waters, Indonesia
Authors: Prihatiningsih  , Taufik M , Chodrijah U
Published: March 2021

The potential of demersal fish resources in the waters of South Java is 7,902 tons with exploitation rates of 0.39. This low level of exploitation shows that increasing the utilization of this fish in South Java can still possible. The Red Bigeye fish (Priacanthus macracanthus), or Swanggi as known by local name is one of the economically valuable demersal fish from Family Priacanthidae. This study aims to examine several indicators of Priacanthus macracanthus biology stock as a basis for the sustainable management of this species. The research was conducted in February-December at PPN Palabuhanratu, Indonesia. The results showed that the spawning season takes place in May-July 2019. The sex ratio between male and female fish is balanced. The growth pattern is negative allometric with a value of b = 2.7379. Distribution of length ranges from 11.8 to 36.0 cm TL (total length) with an average of 23.32 cm TL. The average length of the first catch (Lc) was 21.58 cm, and the average length at first maturity (Lm) was 19.87 cm. The growth equation of Von Bertalanffy is L (t) = 35.45 [1-e0.72 (t - 0.8143]. The fishing mortality rate is (F = 1.52), slightly greater than the natural mortality (M = 1.40), and the level of exploitation (E) is 0.52. The estimated spawning potential ratio (SPR) of this fish is 24%, which means slightly exceeding the optimum exploitation rate.
Analysis of wave measurements in November 2018, January 2019, and March 2019 in the coastal waters of Leupung and Lhoong, Aceh Besar District, Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan I , Yuni S M , Purnawan S , Isman R S , Miftahuddin M , Ilhamsyah Y
Published: March 2021

The coastal waters of Leupung and Lhoong Aceh Besar District are directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean. They play a major role in fishing and tourism activities. Thus, the study of ocean waves is important to conduct. The research aims to describe the variations of waves, i.e., height and period. The research was carried out in Leupung at station 1 and Lhoong at station 2 in November 2018, January 2019, and March 2019. The height and period of the waves were collected from 2 station points located at Leupung and Lhoong beaches, using the direct measurement method, that is, a scale meter to measure the wave height and a stopwatch to measure the wave period before the breaking wave. The results show that the wave height and period in November 2018, January 2019, and March 2019 in Leupung coastal waters are 0.42 m, 12.34 s; 0.5m, 12.43 s; 0.49 m, 13.82 s, respectively. Meanwhile, wave height and period in Lhoong coastal waters are 0.26 m, 12.31 s; 0.44 m, 13.97 s; 0.48 m, 12.22 s, respectively. It is concluded that the highest wave occurred in January and March 2019 at Leupung and Lhoong coastal waters, respectively. On average, the highest wave of the three months occurred in Leupung coastal waters.
Biological characteristics of silver sillago (Sillago sihama Forsskal) in Bombana Water, South East Sulawesi
Authors: Muchlis N , Prihatiningsih  , Restiangsih Y H
Published: March 2021

Silver Sillago is a demersal fish belong to family Sillaginidae. Sampling site held in district Bombana and conducted since April-November 2018. This research aimed to analyse some aspects regarding of its species. Some aspects are concerned in this observation, e.g., length-weight, sex composition, fecundity rate, length at first capture and length at first maturity, growth, mortality rate and utility rate. These sample were obtained from fisher using trawl. Number sample were observed 5242 specimens with fork length (FL) between 6.16-28.9 cm and average of fork length around 18.13 cm. Growth pattern this species in this area is isometric, while growth of length equal with its weight. Length at first captured is 17.96 cm in fork length measurement. Also, length at first maturity is 22.66 cm. This condition show that this species cannot sustain and maintain stock equilibrium in this area due to they were captured in immature. Peak Season for spawning period of Silver sillago in this area being predicted in August. Natural Mortality (M) is 1.35, Mortality by capture is 1.45, total mortality is 2.80 while utility rate is 0.52.
Strategy and facilitating model for small scale terasi business in the Camar Laut small enterprises
Authors: Humairani R , Akmal Y , Muliari  , Maritalia D , Yunizar Z , Mangkuwinata S , Muttaqim H , Zulfahmi I
Published: March 2021

The development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) needs to be carried out considering their significant role in the economic growth of a region. The efforts of the development of SMEs can be done by improving business management followed by arrangement business legality. Business legality is an important factor, especially for SMEs involved in food production which has an important role in food safety assurance for consumers. Business legality will simplify market access to expanding distribution and increasing demand for products. The aim of the development business legality guidance and facilitating it is to assist Camar Laut small enterprises involved in the shrimp paste processing industry to obtaining business legality and ensuring that production aspects are carried out properly resulting in continuity of business legality. The activities performed an increase in understanding, skills, and turn over of human resources in Camar Laut small enterprises.
DNA barcode of Belodontichthys dinema from Indragiri and Tapung Rivers, Indonesia
Authors: Elvyra Roza
Published: March 2021

Belodontichthys dinema with the local name of sengarat fish, is one of freshwater fish in Riau Province of Indonesia. B. dinema distributed in some rivers of Riau Province were Indragiri and Tapung rivers. This study reports analysis of DNA barcode of B. dinema using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The muscle of B. dinema fish using for DNA extraction. In this study had been obtained 652 bp of COI gene from Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) product. The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis based on COI gene sequences shows that B. dinema from the Indragiri and Tapung rivers has 100% similarity with B. dinema from the existing database in GenBank. There are 14 marker nucleotides can characterize the species B. dinema molecularly. The value of genetic distance between B. dinema from Indragiri and Tapung rivers with B. dinema from GenBank data is 0.00. The phylogenetic tree showed that B. dinema from Indragiri and Tapung rivers, formed one group with B. dinema from Genbank data with bootstrap value is 100%. These results confirmed that sengarat fish identified was B. dinema based on the COI gene as DNA barcode.
Distribution of fishing boats and its oceanography characteristic in the eastern Indian Ocean off Sumatera
Authors: Syah A F , Daud M , Partadisastra M A
Published: March 2021

Understanding fishing boats locations and its oceanographic feature were significantly important. The objectives of this study were to characterize the dissemination of fishing boats and evaluate the characteristic of oceanographic conditions on the fishing boats in the eastern Indian Ocean off Sumatera (EIOS). The data of fishing boats derived vessel monitoring system (VMS) and visible infrared imaging radiometer suite (VIIRS) boat detection (VBD) data were provided by Ministry of Maritime Affairs (MMA). Satellite-based oceanographic data of chlorophyll-a concentration (chl-a), sea-surface temperature (SST), and salinity were obtained from NOAA national centers for environmental information website. The results showed the number of fishing vessel that operated during east monsoon was higher than others monsoon. The results also showed that the spatial dispersion of VBD data was wider than VMS data. Most of the fishing boats appeared in position of 95 °E – 100 °E and 2.30 °S – 2.30 °N. In addition, most of fishing boats detected in oceanographic condition for SST of 29 – 31 °C, chl-a of 0.1 – 0.3 mg/m3, salinity of 32 – 33 psu.
Study of the spread of white feces disease (WFD) on Litopenaeus vannamei in semi-intensive ponds in Aceh Besar District Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Arisa I I , Elmuhtaj I , Putra D F , Dewiyanti I , Nurfadillah N
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of white feces disease (WFD) infections in vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in semi-intensive ponds in Aceh Besar District, Aceh Province. The study was conducted in August 2019 in the subdistrict of Masjid Raya and Lhoong. A total of 10 sampled shrimps were randomly selected from each location. Observation of clinical symptoms of WFD infected shrimps was subjected to the intestines, hepatopancreas and feces. The results showed that the prevalence of WFD infected vannamei shrimp within subdistrict of Masjid Raya and Lhoong was 20–40%.
Profile of Myxobolus infection in koi fish (Cyprinus carpio) gill tissue from Land Pond, Nglegok, Blitar Regency
Authors: Yanuhar U , Hardiono S A , Junirahma N S , Caesar N R
Published: March 2021

Koi (Cyprinuscarpio) hatchery and aquaculture sector is highly beneficial as it is one of the Indonesian and international superior commodity. However, Koi are susceptible to pests and diseases. One of the diseases is Myxobolusis which is caused by theMyxobolussp. parasite. The clinical symptom of Myxobolusis are lumps (boils) on the gills and cloudy reddish fluid secretion similar to pus. This research aims to determine the infection profile of Myxobolus through histology observation on gill tissue damage of koi cultivated in a ground pond. This research uses a descriptive method and a quantitative approach. This research observes the gill tissue damage of koi collected from the ground pond of Nglegok, Blitar Regency. The researcher observes the type of damage using a microscope with a magnification of 400x. This research uses a scoring method to assess the damage. Based on the result of histopathological observation, the infected fish exhibits oedema, haemorrhage, hyperplasia, lamellar fusion, and vacuolization. The percentage (%) of tissue damage in Myxobolus infected koi are 72%, 33%, 77%, 75% and 52% respectively. The average score shows moderate to severe damage levels. The observation result on water quality parameter (temperature, pH, DO, and CO2), as supporting parameter in water quality management, shows a tolerable condition and is not the primary cause of Myxobolus sp. infection. However, the transmission of infection may occur due to the presence of other organisms that act asMyxobolussp. host.
Policy analysis of marine tourism of Gili Iyang Island, Madura, Indonesia
Authors: Sholeh M , Farid A
Published: March 2021

Gili Iyang is a small island located at east of Madura, Indonesia that has extraordinary air with high oxygen content which is one of the best in the world. Furthermore, the island has attractive coastal resources that make the island reasonable to be developed becomes marine tourism. The purpose of this study is to determine the scales of priorities in developing tourism of the island and to determine the strategy of empowering communities in supporting the tourism. This research were conducted on October to December 2017 at Gili Iyang Island using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to determine the priorities in developing the marine tourism, and SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis to formulate the strategy. The data were collected by questionnaire and interviewing 200 respondents. The respondents are stakeholders including the local government, investors, communities, and visitors. The results of AHP data processing concluded that the priorities of developing marine tourism of Gili Iyang are as follows: The diving tourism is the top priority of 24.1%, followed by surfing tourism (17.3%), beach tourism (16.2%), fishing (15%), maritime docks (14.1%) and sailing (13.4%), and the SWOT-recommended strategy is to maximize community engagement of tourism supported by special characters of local people.
Natural hematite properties of Lampakuk, Aceh Besar iron ore extracted by precipitation method
Authors: Rahwanto A , Muhammad  , Machmud M N , Jalil Z
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the mineral content and its magnetic properties of iron ore from Lampakuk iron ore area, Aceh province were studied. The iron ore was prepared by co-precipitation method. As the results, the main mineral and chemical compositions of samples which were investigated by XRD and XRF analysis tests, showed that the Lampakuk iron ore contain Fe2O3 (86.8188%) and some minor impurities, such as SiO2, MnO, and Al2O3 in varying proportions. Compare to XRD results, it was consistent with XRF, the phase compositions of iron ore are mainly hematite (Fe2O3). The XRD revealed that hematite is the major mineral components in the Lampakuk iron ores. The magnetic properties of the samples after milling showed there has been increased in the remanent (Br) and coercivity (Hc), while the magnetic saturation (Ms) was decreased. The electron microscope identification inform that the particle were agglomerated.
Length based-spawning potential ratio (LB-SPR) model for estimating successful adaptation of invasive crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus, Morten) in Java
Authors: Santoso A , Yonvitner  , Akmal S G
Published: March 2021

Successful adaptation of invasive crayfish influence by environmental factors and biological factors, especially reproduction. Therefore needed important to collect and evaluate crayfish biology data, particularly the length, reproduction, and selectivity parameter. This parameter is also helpful in data-poor management in fisheries because it can be connected to management’s tactical strategy. The invasive crayfish data collect in 5 five locations in Java island, i.e., Cirebon, Semarang, Surabaya, Yogyakarta, and Cilacap. SPR analysis using application link to http://barefootecologist.com.au/lbspr after maturity, size capture, and length-frequency analysis. The result of these research shows average length in Cirebon (71 ±18,38), in Semarang (53 ±0,00), in Surabaya (83 ±3,54), in Yogya (87,5 ±15,91), and Cilacap (65 ±6,36) mm. Spawning potential ratio in Cirebon 68%, in Semarang 37%, in Surabaya 100%, in Yogyakarta 81%, and Cilacap 0,62%, with the total average in five-station is 62%. The first maturity at 50% population, Selectivity length (50%) in Cirebon 38,72 mm, Semarang 49,68 mm, Surabaya 37,96 mm, Yogya 37,68 mm and Cilacap 42,29 mm. SPR result that more than 40% shown that successfully spawning in Java relatively high and spread, and adaptation is also going well. The distribution in wild habitat potential influences native species, and it even causes extinction. Therefore it is necessary to prepare management steps to protect native species from invasive crayfish.
Mangrove litter production in correlation to environmental properties of water in Pusong Cium, Seruway, Aceh Tamiang
Authors: Dewiyanti I , Syamsiaturrofiah  , ElRahimi S A , Damora A , Ulfah M
Published: March 2021

The purposes of the present study were to analyze the litter production of mangrove ecosystem in Pusong Cium Island, Suruway, Aceh Tamiang, and to analyze the relationship between physical and chemical factors of water to the litter production. The research was conducted from October until December 2019 in Mangrove ecosystem. The method used in determining the location was Stratified Random Sampling. This research was conducted at three stations distinguished from the density of mangrove vegetation with high density, medium and rare categories. The results showed that the total amount of litter production at Pusung cium was 35.65 g/m2/day and the highest contributor obtained was at station 1 and continued station 2 and 3 with the value 15.17 g/m2/day, 11.49 g/m2/day, and 8.99 g/m2/day, respectively with the highest mangrove density of 119 ind / 100m2in station 1. The average mangrove litter production in study area of 2.74 g / m2/day categorized as moderate and not high enough compared to other research areas. The highest species contributed of litter production and carbon content in mangrove leaves were found inAvicennia albaby 29.64%. There was a significant correlation between temperature parameters, mangrove density, salinity and litter production, which was 0.677, 0.672 and -0.470. The correlation was positive and strong between temperature, mangrove density with litter production, and negative correlation between salinity and litter production.
Identification and inventory of reef fish abundance in West Simeulue MPA, Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Ulfah M , Isfani R K , Indra  , Turnip I N , Dirgantara R
Published: March 2021

The marine protected area of the West Simeulu is one of the MPA that have been reserved by the Aceh Governor as a marine protacted areas in 2018. Identification and inventory of reef fish abundance in the MPA West Simeulue can be used as an initial reference to see the effectiveness of this area, so that it can give changes to the West Simeulue MPA. This research was conducted in October 2019 with 9 observation locations. The method used was the under water visual census (UVC) at 2 in depths (shallow and deep). It was found that as many as 30 families with 13.107 individuals from 163 species were found in the West Simeulue MPA with reef fish abundance values of 1.069 ind/ha in the MPA and 906 ind/ha outside the MPA. Pomacentridae and Acanthuridae were the families with the highest number of individuals found, with value of 5.550 and 2.226 individuals, respectively.
The characteristics of body-wave records between forearc and backarc region at the Sumatra subduction zone from deep regional earthquakes
Authors: Haridhi H A , Sianipar D
Published: March 2021

The Sumatra subduction zones have been known to produce large destructive earthquakes and tsunami, such as the 26 December 2004 M9 earthquake at the western offshore of Aceh. This large destructive earthquake usually occurred at the shallow portion of the subduction zone between 10 – 35 km depth, while the intermediate-to-deep earthquake usually occurred at the greater depth, deeper than 65 km along the subduction, which produces small to moderate earthquake with a magnitude between M3-5. Thus, these deep events along the subduction zone usually being neglected. However, the recent study has shown that an anomalous large ground movement associated with a deep earthquake at the subduction zone has been observed along the forearc region while in the backarc or at its epicenter, it remains low. Hence, the characteristics of the body-wave at these regions are different, which could be utilized for hazard mitigation. For this reason, this study aims to identify the body-wave characteristics between the forearc and backarc regions at the Sumatra subduction zone. Several selected deep regional earthquake records with a depth greater than 100 km provided by the Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics of Indonesia (BMKG) were analyzed. The finding indicates that the body-waves recorded in the forearc region are significantly different, with the main characteristics are; 1. Amplitude: preserve high amplitude, 2. Arrival time: shows a delayed signal of P- and S-waves, and 3. Spectral: conserve energy at low to high frequency and shows as a dispersion. These findings suggest that the signal recorded at the forearc region travel within the subducting slab, and the late arrival of the signal indicates that the seismic waves record at forearc travel at the top of the subducting slab, i.e., the oceanic crust, which is having lower velocity to the surrounding mantle.
The growth pattern of sea cucumber Acaudina sp. from the Delta Wulan, Demak, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Widianingsih W , Hartati R , Nuraeni R A T , Endrawati H , Mahendrajaya R T
Published: March 2021

Sea cucumber Acaudina sp. is one of the many benthic organisms found in the Wulan Delta ecosystem, Demak. Acaudina sp. plays an important role in the benthic ecosystem. Therefore, a study on the population of Acaudina sp. is necessary. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth pattern of sea cucumber Acaudina sp. Sea cucumber samples were taken in May, June, and July 2020 during the new moon and full moon phase. Based on the statistical test, it was found that there is no significant different the mean of total weight (gram) between new moon and full moon (t-test two paired; df = 2; t count = -1.481; P=0.05). Likewise, there is no different in the average value of sea cucumber length in the full moon and new moon phases (t-test two paired; df = 2; t count = 0.353; P=0.05). The average of total weight value of Acaudina sp. on full moon had range 15.21–27.5 gram, is lower than on new moon (20.47–32.11 gram).The growth pattern of sea cucumber Acaudina sp. on full moon and new moon are negative allometric.
Economic analysis of vannamei shrimp aquaculture in Aceh Besar Regency based on different land areas
Authors: Wijaya R A , Muliawan I , Hafsaridewi R , Suryawati S H , Pramoda R
Published: March 2021

Aceh Besar District, Aceh Province, is known as one of the producers of shrimp commodities in Indonesia. The shrimp commodities that cultivated is vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). This study aims to conduct an economic analysis of vannamei shrimp farming in Aceh Besar Regency based on various land sizes, namely less than 1 Ha and more than 1 Ha. The research was conducted in 2019 using a survey method. Data collection using interview techniques to 40 shrimp farmers. Descriptive statistical methods and economic analysis were used in this study. The results of the analysis show that most of the respondents have a cultivated land area of less than 1 Ha with a number of plots of 1 to 3 plots. Aquaculture investment is positively related to the land used. The land shrimp pond is the largest asset cost compared to other assets. The biggest operational costs are feed and shrimp seeds. Regarding business revenue, R/C ratio and payback period, vannamei shrimp farming with land less than 1 Ha is relatively better than land more than 1 Ha.
Biological aspects of sharks landed in the Fishing Port of Kutaraja, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Rianjuanda D , Melanie K , Chaliluddin M A , Safrinawati S
Published: March 2021

Shark fisheries in Aceh are not supported by the availability of research-based data and information that needed to support the preservation and development of this resource. The purposes of the study were to assess the biological aspects including shark species identify and their status in IUCN, length distribution, sex ratio, and maturity stage of male shark. This study was conducted from August to October 2017 in the Fishing Port of Kutaraja, Banda Aceh. The observation survey of fish landing sites was conducted to collect the catch species composition, total length of each individual, sex, and maturity stage of male genital of shark (clasper). The results showed there are 17 species of sharks caught by some fishing gears (n = 318). Mean total length, fork length, and standard length are 122.90 cm, 110.77 cm, and 86.50 cm, respectively. The sex ratio of dominated species (Carcharhinus sorrah, Sphyrna lewini, and Alopias pelagicus) showed not significantly difference between males and females, based on Chi-square test. The percentage of male shark maturity for each category (NC, NFC, FC) is 52%, 13%, and 35%, respectively. The percentage of the IUCN status (threatened rare, threatened with extinction, and almost threatened) of collected species are 12%, 29%, and 41%, respectively.
Spatial analysis of accretion, abrasion and shoreline change in banda aceh costal area
Authors: Irham M , Suri R , Setiawan I , Fuadi A
Published: March 2021

The coast of Banda Aceh City has a gentle sloping beach morphology, making it prone to changes in coastlines due to hydro-oceanographic dynamics. Areas that are particularly vulnerable are the mangrove areas and around the Krueng Aceh estuary and coastal area of Lampulo. Therefore, to determine the extent of shoreline changes, a spatial analysis of coastal vulnerability was carried out with the aim of knowing how much change had occurred at Lampulo beach in Banda Aceh City of Aceh Province. The research was conducted using Google Earth data technology and the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) software. The analysis was carried out over a period of 14 years starting from 2004 to 2017. Field data verification and georeferencing were also carried out to check the accuracy of mapping and calculations. The results showed that in 2004-2005 there was a large erosion that changed the shape of the coastal profile where the mangrove coastline turned into water without mangroves as a result of the tsunami on December 26, 2004. In 2008-2009, after the construction of the breakwater and the Port of Lampulo there was a large accretion occurred having the impact on the morphology of the coast. The results also concluded that the annual average accretion value was 20.48 ha and the annual abrasion was 19.28 ha. The value of shoreline reduction due to abrasion is around 217.25 ha and accretion of 166.56 ha over a period of 14 years.
The feasibility of a cold storage facility for fish in Aceh during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Fahlevi H , Chan S , Hasibuan P , Fadli N , Edhy Sofyan S , Rianjuanda  , Syukri M , Saidi T , Dawood R
Published: March 2021

The majority of catches by fishermen in Aceh, Indonesia are sold raw, directly to consumers, and in the local market. This contributes to the low price of fish and low income for the fishermen, and the COVID-19 outbreak has made this situation even worse. One solution could be the establishment of a cold storage business in the area. This study assessed the financial feasibility of a 200-ton cold storage business in Banda Aceh, the capital of Aceh province. Using secondary data collected from online sources, we applied the most common financial indicators used in feasibility studies, namely Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). A sensitivity test was also performed to predict the feasibility of the cold storage business if the basic assumptions are changed. We found that cold storage in Banda Aceh is financially feasible as the NPV was positive, the IRR was higher than the interest rate (i.e., the discount rate), and the BCR was higher than 1. Besides, the sensitivity test also suggested that cold storage would still be feasible even if there were a 20% increase or decrease in storage capacity and project costs.
Fisheries management status in the marine protected area of eastern coast of Weh Island, Sabang, Indonesia
Authors: ‘Akla C M N , Suharyanto  , Rachmad B , Firdaus R , Kurnianda V
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the status of fisheries management, formulate priority tactical steps for fisheries management in the marine protected area of eastern coast of Weh Island. The types of data sources used in this study are primary data obtained through direct measurements and interviews, and desk study data. Data is processed and analyzed using the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM) indicator, and Flag modeling. Determination of priority improvement indicators and priority tactical steps using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The assessment of fisheries management status shows that fisheries management in the conservation area of the East Coast of Weh belongs to the good category. Determination of priority indicators on fisheries management and regional suitability is carried out to determine the priority of short-term indicators which are then needed to determine the priority of tactical steps in fisheries management and regional suitability for marine tourism.
Length-weight relationships of five ornamental fish species harvested from a tributary of Bira Cot River, Indonesia
Authors: Nur F M , Batubara A S , Perdana A W , Damora A , Fadli N , Rizal S , Nugroho R A , Muchlisin Z A
Published: March 2021

Aceh Besar, Indonesia has a big potency on fisheries resource, including small fish that have potential as ornamental fish, such as Zebrafish, Checker barb, Rasbora, and Hasselt’s Loach. To date, information on the growth pattern of this species was not available. Hence, the objective of the present study was to examine the growth pattern of five ornamental fish species namely; Danio albolineatus, Puntius oligolepis, P. binotatus, Rasbora sumatrana and Lepidocephalichthys hasselti. The fish sample was collected from Bira Cot River, Aceh Besar District from February to July 2020. In Bira Cot, Aceh Besar District, Indonesia. The study showed that the a and b values of regression parameters ranged between 0.0025-0.0097 and 3.043-3.545, respectively. The growth pattern of P. oligolepis, D. albolineatus and L. hasselti had a positive allometric growth pattern, while P. binotatus and R. sumatrana showed an isometric growth pattern. Based on the condition factors parameter indicated that the condition of the waters of the sampling location is still in good condition and supports the life of fish.
Effect of monsoon on ocean productivity in Aceh waters
Authors: Auliati A , Haditiar Y , Wafdan R , Ikhwan M , Muhammad M , Jalil Z , Chaliluddin M A , Sugianto S , Rizal S
Published: March 2021

Monsoon in Aceh waters is dominated by the northeast and southwest monsoons. Based on previous research, the monsoon affects oceanography and general hydrodynamics in Aceh’s waters and its surroundings. This study aimed to see the effect of the monsoon on the abundance of chlorophyll-a in Aceh waters. The data used in this study consisted of wind, sea surface temperature (SST), and chlorophyll-a data obtained from remote sensing observation data. Wind data is obtained from Metop-B ASCAT (Advanced SCATterometer). SST and chlorophyll-a were obtained from Aqua MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) level 3 with resolution 4 x 4 km. The results obtained, in February, chlorophyll-a concentrations were higher in the range of 0.7 mg/m3- 1.4 mg/m3, compared to August with lower concentrations ranging from 0.2 mg/m3- 0.5 mg/m3. It is due to low temperatures in February. Seasonal changes affect the productivity content of chlorophyll-a in the waters.
Fermentation of probiotic-enriched commercial feed to improve tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) growout performance
Authors: Ndobe S , Rosyida E , Palallo Z R
Published: March 2021

The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater food fish farmed in many regions around the world, including Indonesia. Feed is often the main input in aquaculture systems; however, feed quality is not always optimal for fish health and growth. Probiotics are microorganisms which can help break down complex compounds and make feed more digestible through fermentation. Benefits can include improved health, survival and faster growth. This research studied the effect of feed enrichment through fermentation with a probiotic (BOSTERR) on O. niloticus grow out performance. The probiotic was added to commercial feed (HI-PRO-VITE 782) with eight fermentation time treatments (A = 0 days = control; B=1 day; C=2 days; D=3 days; E=4 days; F=5 days; G=6 days; H=7days). Experimental fish were 120 O. niloticus fingerlings (total length 4-5 cm; weight 0.90-1.25 g) from Kalawara Hatchery, Sigi District, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Five fingerlings were placed in each experimental unit (aerated aquaria, 20 L water) and fed 3 times/day at 5% of bodyweight. Variables measured were growth (length and weight), survival rate (100% under all treatments) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Water quality was monitored. The best results in terms of growth and FCR were obtained with 2 days of probiotic fermentation treatment.
Study of bivalvia habitat in the mangrove area of Aceh Jaya District, Aceh Province
Authors: Hermi R , Irham M , Rusdi M , Sarong M A
Published: March 2021

One of the biota that utilizes the mangrove ecosystem as its habitat is a group of Bivalvia belonging to the Phylum Mollusca Class Pelecypoda (Bivalvia). Shellfish have relatively high economic and nutritional value, so that the collection of shellfish in Aceh Jaya District continues. The research was conducted to study the biological components, analyze the habitat preferences, and management patterns of shellfish in the mangrove area of Aceh Jaya Regency. The research was conducted by using purposive sampling method, by determining 12 stations in 6 districts. Shellfish samples were taken three times with an interval of 15 days. The results found 5 species of shellfish with a dominance index of 0.002 to 0.255 with a low dominance level. The frequency of the presence of shellfish species is very rare (accidental) to rare (constant). The lowest presence level was Centrocardita rosulenta with a value of 8.33% and the highest was Sinanodonta woodiana with a value of 58.33. Habitat preference Sinanodonta woodiana has a salinity range between 3-7ppt and clay soil texture class, while Geloina habitat preference likes salinity with a range of 12 to 25 ppt with sand, loamy sand and sandy loam soil texture classes.
Identification of fishing ground hotspot of traditional purse seine fisher at northern waters of Aceh – A community-based data collection approach
Authors: Haridhi H A , Rizal S , Nanda M , Muhammad  , Wilson C R
Published: March 2021

Fishing grounds are among the most important key of information kept by the fishermen. Understanding the fishing ground locations are considered important as an evaluation of the fishing effort being reached by the fishermen as well as understanding the pressure being received to the fish stock at the surrounding water. The recent study has shown that a community-based data collection approach was found successful in recording and analyzing the fishing ground locations and its properties. One of the few projects implementing this concept is the Community-Based Bathymetric Survey (CBBS), which was realized by the Body of Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (BRR) Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD) – Nias with funding from the Asian Development Bank (ADB). As many as 151 GPS-transducer recording devices were installed to the fishermen boats along the coast of Aceh, with 45 devices were installed to the traditional purse seine fisher at the northern water of Aceh. These devices were configured to automatically record locations each time the boat moved 30 m. Other important information, such as water depth, time, speed, and sea surface temperature (SST) were recorded as well. This study aims to examine the fishing ground and its fishing hotspot of the traditional purse seine fisher in the northern waters of Aceh. The data collection was performed between June 2007 and May 2009 and gathered as many as 922 data sets consist of 6,170,648 data points, from the 45 purse seine boats. Trough the data, we are able to identify the typical fishing activities of purse seiner and as many as 1,619 data points were being detected. The results indicate that there are five main regions of the fishing ground hotspot in the northern waters of Aceh, i.e. 1. Western offshore of Lhok Nga, 2. Northern offshore of Ulee Lheue, 3. Western offshore of Aceh Islands, 4. Eastern offshore of Aceh Island, and 5. Northern offshore of Krueng Raya. Among the fishing ground hotspot analyzed, the Western offshore of Lhok Nga is the highest density of fishing ground, while the lowest is at the northern offshore of Krueng Raya. These findings suggest that the western offshore of northern waters of Aceh are likely more fertile than its north- northeastern offshore.
Observation of male and female seahorse food types in the waters of Weh Island Indonesia
Authors: Muhammadar A A , Nasir M , Affan J , Agung S B , Putra D F
Published: March 2021

Sea horses have begun to be used as food and medicine and aquaculture efforts have begun. This study aims to observe the types of wild food consumed by each type of sea horse that lives on the waters of weh Island. The method is carried out by observation of the point VI of the station location. The results obtained were found 96 idv. Sea horses with 6 types of food (Ephausiae, Isopoda, Herpacticoida, Mysidiacea, Amphipoda and Calanoida). Both male and female sea horses The most common type of food found in the intestine is Amphipoda (43%) and the least is isopoda (0.05%).