bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A previously undescribed syndrome combining fibular agenesis/hypoplasia, oligodactylous clubfeet, anonychia/ungual hypoplasia, and other defects
Authors: Santos Silvana C. , Pardono Eliete , Ferreira da Costa Maria Ione , de Melo Aurea Nogueira , Graciani Zodja , de Albuquerque e Souza Alessandra Cavalcanti , Lezirovitz Karina , Thiele‐Aguiar Renata Soares , Mingroni‐Netto Regina Célia , Opitz John M. , Kok Fernando , Otto Paulo A.
Published: November 2008

We describe an apparently new genetic syndrome in six members of a family living in a remote area in Northeastern Brazil. This syndrome comprises: short stature due to a marked decrease in the length of the lower limbs (predominantly mesomelic with fibular agenesis/marked hypoplasia), grossly malformed/deformed clubfeet with severe oligodactyly, upper limbs with acromial dimples and variable motion limitation of the forearms and/or hands, severe nail hypoplasia/anonychia sometimes associated with mild brachydactyly and occasionally with pre‐axial polydactyly. This syndrome is apparently distinct from the syndrome of brachydactyly‐ectrodactyly with fibular aplasia or hypoplasia (OMIM 113310), the syndrome of fibular aplasia or hypoplasia, femoral bowing and poly‐, syn‐, and oligodactyly (OMIM 228930), and from other previously described conditions exhibiting fibular agenesis/hypoplasia. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Familial twinning and fertility in Dutch mothers of twins
Authors: Hoekstra Chantal , Willemsen Gonneke , van Beijsterveldt Toos C.E.M. , Montgomery Grant W. , Boomsma Dorret I.
Published: November 2008

We studied twinning and fertility indices in mothers with spontaneous monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins and in mothers who conceived their twins after the use of assisted reproduction techniques (ART). Participants in this study consisted of 8,222 and 5,505 women with spontaneous DZ and MZ offspring and 4,164 and 250 women with ART DZ and MZ twin pairs, respectively. Women were compared with respect to the number of sibs and offspring, the presence of other relatives with twins and the time it took to conceive the twins. We also compared familial twinning between a younger and an older age group. Women with spontaneous DZ twins more often reported female relatives with twins than those with spontaneous MZ twins. The proportion of DZ versus MZ twin offspring in relatives was also larger in women with spontaneous DZ offspring than in women with MZ offspring. The first group of women reported a shorter time to conceive. Women with ART twins had fewer sibs and offspring and less often reported relatives with twins. We did not observe that DZ twinning was more familial in women who had their twins before age 36 years compared to older women. Familial DZ twinning is clearly present in mothers of spontaneous DZ twins. The mechanisms underlying spontaneous and non‐spontaneous DZ twinning are different and fertility treatment should be taken into account in any study of twinning. Twinning is not more familial in women who have their twins at a younger age. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of stressful life events, maternal depression and 5‐HTTLPR genotype on emotional symptoms in pre‐adolescent children
Authors: Araya Ricardo , Hu Xianzhang , Heron Jon , Enoch Mary‐Anne , Evans Jonathan , Lewis Glyn , Nutt David , Goldman David
Published: November 2008

There has been a large but inconsistent literature on interactions between the 5‐HTTLPR polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene and adversity on emotional disorders. We investigated these interactions in 4,334 children from a birth longitudinal cohort: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). We measured emotional symptoms at 7 years with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Mothers rated stressful life events between ages 5 and 7 years. Maternal depression was defined as a score ≥12 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 2 or 8 months postnatally. Triallelic genoptyping of the 5‐HTTLPR polymorphism was performed. We found strong associations between stressful life events (OR 1.19; 1.12–1.26;P < 0.01) and maternal postnatal depression (OR 1.91; 1.63–2.24;P < 0.01) with emotional symptoms in the children. There were no main 5‐HTTLPR genotype effects or significant interactions between genotype and life events or maternal postnatal depression on emotional symptoms. There was marginal evidence (P = 0.08) for an interaction between stressful life events and genotype in boys only, with those in the low and high 5‐HTTLPR expression groups showing stronger associations. In these 7‐year‐old children, we did not replicate previously reported G × E interactions between 5‐HTTLPR and life events for emotional symptoms. Gene by environment interactions may be developmentally dependent and show variation depending on the type and levels of exposure and sex. Young cohorts are essential to improve our understanding of the impact of development on gene and environment interactions. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Out of Arabia—The settlement of Island Soqotra as revealed by mitochondrial and Y chromosome genetic diversity
Authors: Černý Viktor , Pereira Luísa , Kujanová Martina , Vašíková Alžběta , Hájek Martin , Morris Miranda , Mulligan Connie J.
Published: November 2008

The Soqotra archipelago is one of the most isolated landmasses in the world, situated at the mouth of the Gulf of Aden between the Horn of Africa and southern Arabia. The main island of Soqotra lies not far from the proposed southern migration route of anatomically modern humans out of Africa ∼60,000 years ago (kya), suggesting the island may harbor traces of that first dispersal. Nothing is known about the timing and origin of the first Soqotri settlers. The oldest historical visitors to the island in the 15th century reported only the presence of an ancient population. We collected samples throughout the island and analyzed mitochondrial DNA and Y‐chromosomal variation. We found little African influence among the indigenous people of the island. Although the island population likely experienced founder effects, links to the Arabian Peninsula or southwestern Asia can still be found. In comparison with datasets from neighboring regions, the Soqotri population shows evidence of long‐term isolation and autochthonous evolution of several mitochondrial haplogroups. Specifically, we identified two high‐frequency founder lineages that have not been detected in any other populations and classified them as a new R0a1a1 subclade. Recent expansion of the novel lineages is consistent with a Holocene settlement of the island ∼6 kya. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Radiation‐induced graft copolymerization of methylmethacrylate onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene‐co‐ethylene) film
Authors: Kaur Inderjeet , Vibha Sharma  , Gupta Nirupam
Published: November 2008

Modification of poly(tetrafluoroethylene‐co‐ethylene), Tefzel (ETFE), film has been carried out by grafting methylmethacrylate (MMA) by radiation method including preirradiation and double‐irradiation methods. Percentage of grafting has been determined as a function of the (i) total dose, (ii) monomer concentration, (iii) amount of liquor ratio, (iv) reaction time, and (v) temperature.The effect of different alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 2‐propanol, n‐butanol, n‐pentanol, and 2‐ethoxy ethanol on percentage of grafting of MMA was also studied. The graft copolymers were characterized by IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Methylmethacrylate produces higher percentage of grafting by preirradiaton method than double‐irradiation method. MMA‐grafted ETFE films (Sirr), i.e., prepared by preirradiation involving single irradiation show better thermal stability than MMA‐grafted ETFE films (Dirr), i.e., prepared by double irradiation and unmodified ETFE film. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Proteomics in South Africa: Current status, challenges and prospects
Authors: Ndimba Bongani K. , Thomas Ludivine A.
Published: November 2008

Proteomics is a biotechnology research area that is generally defined as the large‐scale study of protein expression, structure and functions. Primarily, proteomics is used to study relative cellular, subcellular and extracellular abundances of proteins expressed at a defined physiological state on a large scale. In contrast to the analysis of mRNA expression studies, generally referred to as transcriptomics, proteomics approaches take into consideration the post‐transcriptional, translational and post‐translational modifications of polypeptides. Over the past 10 years, the proteomics field has been growing tremendously and contributing positively to biotechnology, particularly in North America, Europe and Asia. Research output in Africa is still very low in comparison. This article reviews proteomics capacity as well as research activities in South Africa. We highlight, with examples, the potential that this technology has in the acceleration of disease biomarker discovery and its role in drug design. Our ultimate objective is to promote further developments, research and applications of proteomics in South Africa, aiming for the generation of new scientific knowledge for our continent and for the rest of the world.
Tubulin Photoaffinity Labeling with Biotin‐Tagged Derivatives of Potent Diketopiperazine Antimicrotubule Agents
Authors: Yamazaki Yuri , Kohno Kyoko , Yasui Hiroyuki , Kiso Yoshiaki , Akamatsu Miki , Nicholson Benjamin , Deyanat‐Yazdi Gordafaried , Neuteboom Saskia , Potts Barbara , Lloyd G. Kenneth , Hayashi Yoshio
Published: November 2008

NPI‐2358 (1) is a potent antimicrotubule agent that was developed from a natural diketopiperazine, phenylahistin, which is currently in Phase I clinical trials as an anticancer drug. To understand the precise recognition mechanism of tubulin by this agent, we focused on its potent derivative, KPU‐244 (2), which has been modified with a photoreactive benzophenone structure, and biotin‐tagged KPU‐244 derivatives (3 and 4), which were designed and synthesized for tubulin photoaffinity labeling. Introduction of the biotin structure at the p′‐position of the benzophenone ring in 2 exhibited reduced, but significant biological activities with tubulin binding, tubulin depolymerization and cytotoxicity in comparison to the parent KPU‐244. Therefore, tubulin photoaffinity labeling studies of biotin‐derivatives 3 and 4 were performed by using Western blotting analysis after photoirradiation with 365 nm UV light. The results indicated that tubulin was covalently labeled by these biotin‐tagged photoprobes. The labeling of compound 4 was competitively inhibited by the addition of diketopiperazine 1 or colchicine, and weakly inhibited by the addition of vinblastine. The results suggest that photoaffinity probe 4 specifically recognizes tubulin at the same binding site as anticancer drug candidate 1, and this leads to the disruption of microtubules. Probe 4 serves well as a useful chemical probe for potent antimicrotubule diketopiperazines, much like phenylahistin, and it also competes for the colchicine‐binding site.
Driving Force Analysis of Proton Tunnelling Across a Reactivity Series for an Enzyme‐Substrate Complex
Authors: Hothi Parvinder , Hay Sam , Roujeinikova Anna , Sutcliffe Michael J. , Lee Michael , Leys David , Cullis Paul M. , Scrutton Nigel S.
Published: November 2008

Quantitative structure‐activity relationships are widely used to probe CH bond breakage by quinoprotein enzymes.[1–4] However, we showed recently that p‐substituted benzylamines are poor reactivity probes for the quinoprotein aromatic amine dehydrogenase (AADH) because of a requirement for structural change in the enzyme‐substrate complex prior to CH bond breakage.[5] This rearrangement is partially rate limiting, which leads to deflated kinetic isotope effects for p‐substituted benzylamines. Here we report reactivity (driving force) studies of AADH with p‐substituted phenylethylamines for which the kinetic isotope effect (∼16) accompanying CH/C2H bond breakage is elevated above the semi‐classical limit. We show bond breakage occurs by quantum tunnelling and that within the context of the environmentally coupled framework for H‐tunnelling the presence of the p‐substituent places greater demand on the apparent need for fast promoting motions. The crystal structure of AADH soaked with phenylethylamine or methoxyphenylethylamine indicates that the structural change identified with p‐substituted benzylamines should not limit the reaction with p‐substituted phenylethylamines. This is consistent with the elevated kinetic isotope effects measured with p‐substituted phenylethylamines. We find a good correlation in the rate constant for proton transfer with bond dissociation energy for the reactive CH bond, consistent with a rate that is limited by a Marcus‐like tunnelling mechanism. As the driving force becomes larger, the rate of proton transfer increases while the Marcus activation energy becomes smaller. This is the first experimental report of the driving force perturbation of H‐tunnelling in enzymes using a series of related substrates. Our study provides further support for proton tunnelling in AADH.
Stenting with PRotruding strut INTo side branch (SPRINT) technique: A novel technique for coronary bifurcation stenting
Authors: Habara Maoto , Kinoshita Yoshihisa
Published: November 2008

A number of stenting techniques have been proposed for optimal treatment of bifurcation lesions. However, the most ideal interventional strategies have yet to be discovered. In bifurcation treatment, procedural complexity and high restenosis rate remain as major obstacles to successful treatment. To resolve these problems, we developed a new technique for bifurcation stenting called Stenting with PRotruding strut INTo side branch (SPRINT). This technique would completely cover the carina with a relatively simple procedure. A novel technique of coronary bifurcation stenting is reported. Here, we report on two successful cases using this novel technique. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preferential Formation of Homochiral Helical Sandwich‐Shaped Architectures through the Metal‐Mediated Assembly of Tris(imidazoline) Ligands with a Set of d3–d10 Transition‐Metal Ions
Authors: Yan Liwei , Wang Zhen , Chen Ming‐Tsz , Wu Ningjie , Lan Jingbo , Gao Xin , You Jingsong , Gau Han‐Mou , Chen Chi‐Tien
Published: November 2008

A novel type of chiral tris‐monodentate imidazolinyl ligands ((S,S,S)‐4 and (R,R,R)‐4) has been achieved in good yields. The ligands show a strong tendency to induce the generation of the discrete sandwich‐shaped M3L2 architectures with programmed helicity through the edge‐directed complexation with a series of d3–d10 transition‐metal ions, while taking advantage of the steric hindrance of the bulky substituents of the imidazoline rings to avoid the formation of extended metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). In spite of different coordination geometries, monovalent metal ions (e.g. Ag+), divalent metal ions (e.g. Pd2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Mn2+, and Ni2+), and even trivalent metal ions (e.g. Fe3+ and Cr3+) exhibit isostructural coordination. Installation of stereocenters fused onto the imidazoline rings results in favored handedness of the self‐assemblies through the expression of molecular chirality into supramolecular helicity. In the crystal structures of [M3{(S,S,S)‐4}2], the self‐assembly has to adopt the M form to relax the van der Waals repulsions of the phenyl and isopropyl groups. The replacement of (S,S,S)‐4 with (R,R,R)‐4 exclusively affords the opposite helicity (P). These results should provide important insights for the design of chiral helical capsule‐like assemblies.
Development, Scope and Mechanisms of Multicomponent Reactions of Asymmetric Electron‐Deficient Alkynes with Amines and Formaldehyde
Authors: Cao Hua , Wang Xiujun , Jiang Huanfeng , Zhu Qiuhua , Zhang Min , Liu Haiyang
Published: November 2008

Based on the reactive behaviour of the substrates, two synthetic routes to polysubstituted pyrimidine derivatives are presented herein: 1) A catalyst‐free multicomponent reaction of electron‐deficient alkynes, aliphatic amines and formaldehyde and 2) AgI‐catalyzed synthesis of pyrimidines from electron‐deficient alkynes, anilines and formaldehyde by a domino reaction. Under optimized conditions, the multicomponent reactions were accomplished with high regioselectivity and excellent yields. A computational study was carried out by using the B3LYP density functional theory to elucidate the mechanisms of the catalyst‐free hydroamination reaction. Calculations showed the activation free energies of aliphatic amines were lower than those of anilines, which is consistent with the experimental results.
ChemInform Abstract: Sr, Ba and Cd Arsenates with the Apatite‐Type Structure.
Authors: Dordevic Tamara , Sutovic Sabina , Stojanovic Jovica , Karanovic Ljiljana
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Al‐Rich Region of Al—Pd—Ru at 1000 to 1100 °C.
Authors: Pavlyuchkov D. , Grushko B. , Velikanova T. Ya.
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of a New Quaternary Selenide Sr3GeSb2Se8.
Authors: Yu Ching‐Yi , Wang Ming‐Fang , Chung Ming‐Yang , Jang Shyue‐Ming , Huang Jih‐Chen , Lee Chi‐Shen
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stepwise Palladium‐Catalyzed 1,4‐Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Enones and Regioselective Baeyer—Villiger Oxidation for Enantioselective Synthesis of β‐Diaryl Esters and (+)‐(R)‐Tolterodine.
Authors: Kobayashi Kenya , Nishikata Takashi , Yamamoto Yasunori , Miyaura Norio
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Intramolecular [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Unsymmetrical Dienynes.
Authors: Sagae Hiromi , Noguchi Keiichi , Hirano Masao , Tanaka Ken
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Pronounced Steric Effects of Substituents in the Nazarov Cyclization of Aryl Dienyl Ketones.
Authors: Marcus Andrew P. , Lee Amy S. , Davis Rebecca L. , Tantillo Dean J. , Sarpong Richmond
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Procedure for the TEMPO‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones Using Ferric Chloride Hexahydrate as Terminal Oxidant.
Authors: Kumar R. Senthil , Karthikeyan K. , Perumal Paramasivan T.
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Activation of Organozinc Reagents with t‐Bu‐P4 Base for Transition Metal‐Free Catalytic SN2′ Reaction.
Authors: Kobayashi Koji , Ueno Masahiro , Naka Hiroshi , Kondo Yoshinori
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Control of Four Stereocenters in an Organocatalytic Domino Double Michael Reaction: Efficient Synthesis of Multisubstituted Cyclopentanes.
Authors: Tan Bin , Shi Zugui , Chua Pei Juan , Zhong Guofu
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of β‐Aryl‐γ‐amino Acid Derivatives via Cu‐Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,4‐Reductions of γ‐Phthalimido‐Substituted α,β‐Unsaturated Carboxylic Acid Esters
Authors: Deng Jun , Hu Xiang‐Ping , Huang Jia‐Di , Yu Sai‐Bo , Wang Dao‐Yong , Duan Zheng‐Chao , Zheng Zhuo
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Pyridine‐Bridged Bis‐benzimidazolylidene Pincer Palladium Complex: Synthesis and Catalytic Properties.
Authors: Tu Tao , Malineni Jagadeesh , Doetz Karl Heinz
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Single‐Isomer Trisubstituted Olefins from a Novel Reaction of (E)‐β‐Chloro‐α‐iodo‐α,β‐unsaturated Esters and Amides.
Authors: Simard‐Mercier Julie , Jiang Jojo Liu , Ho Michael L. , Flynn Alison B. , Ogilvie William W.
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Chiral Iron‐Sexipyridine Complex as a Catalyst for Alkene Epoxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide.
Authors: Yeung Ho‐Lun , Sham Kiu‐Chor , Tsang Chui‐Shan , Lau Tai‐Chu , Kwong Hoi‐Lun
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,6‐Diazaspiro[3.3]heptanes: Synthesis and Application in Pd‐Catalyzed Aryl Amination Reactions.
Authors: Burkhard Johannes , Carreira Erick M.
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Entry to Heterocycles Based on Indium‐Catalyzed Conia‐Ene Reactions: Asymmetric Synthesis of (‐)‐Salinosporamide A.
Authors: Takahashi Keisuke , Midori Michiko , Kawano Kei , Ishihara Jun , Hatakeyama Susumi
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Formation of New Bicyclic γ‐Lactams by Dimerization of α‐Chloroacetoacetanilides.
Authors: Han Minsoo , Nam Kee‐Dal , Hahn Hoh‐Gyu , Shin Dongyun
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Alkylation/Ester Hydrolysis Using Polymer‐Supported Hydroxide for Catch and Release Isolation of a Series of Benzoimidazolonecarboxylic Acids.
Authors: Welzel Morgan , Morwick Tina M.
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Versatile Synthesis of 2,4‐Substituted Oxazoles.
Authors: Chudasama Vijay , Wilden Jonathan D.
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New One‐Pot Synthetic Approach to the Highly Functionalized (Z)‐2‐(Buta‐1,3‐dienyl)phenols and 2‐Methyl‐2H‐chromenes: Use of Amine, Ruthenium and Base‐Catalysis.
Authors: Ramachary Dhevalapally B. , Narayana Vidadala V. , Ramakumar Kinthada
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Approaches to the Synthesis of Pyridinium N‐Heteroarylaminides.
Authors: Cordoba Marta , Izquierdo M. Luisa , Alvarez‐Builla Julio
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cardenolides from Antiaris toxicaria as Potent Selective Nur77 Modulators.
Authors: Jiang Miao‐Miao , Dai Yi , Gao Hao , Zhang Xue , Wang Guang‐Hui , He Jia‐You , Hu Qiong‐Ying , Zeng Jin‐Zhang , Zhang Xiao‐Kun , Yao Xin‐Sheng
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Oxygenated Lanostane Triterpenoids from the Fungus Ganoderma applanatum.
Authors: Wang Fei , Liu Ji‐Kai
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyranoid and Furanoid Glycals from Glycosyl Sulfoxides by Treatment with Organolithium Reagents.
Authors: Gomez Ana M. , Casillas Marta , Barrio Aitor , Gawel Anna , Lopez J. Cristobal
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Direct Synthetic Approach to Anhydronucleosides (II).
Authors: Al‐Juwaiser Ibtehal A. , Ibrahim Maher R. , Al‐Awadi Nouria A. , Ibrahim Yehia A.
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Biogenetic Synthesis of Pulcheotine A.
Authors: Wakchaure Prasad B. , Argade Narshinha P.
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanocrystals of the Quaternary Thermoelectric Materials: AgPbmSbTem+2 (m = 1—18): Phase‐Segregated or Solid Solutions?
Authors: Arachchige Indika U. , Wu Jinsong , Dravid Vinayak P. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G.
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Protein Modification for Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy.
Authors: Dillingham Mark S. , Wallace Mark I.
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Peptaibiomics: Towards a Myriad of Bioactive Peptides Containing Cα‐Dialkylamino Acids?
Authors: Degenkolb Thomas , Brueckner Hans
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Supported Gold Nanoparticles as Catalysts for Organic Reactions
Authors: Corma Avelino , Garcia Hermenegildo
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Bispidines
Authors: Breuning Matthias , Steiner Melanie
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Achieving Turnover in DNA‐Templated Reactions
Authors: Grossmann Tom N. , Strohbach Anne , Seitz Oliver
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Knowledge Based Prediction of Ligand Binding Modes and Rational Inhibitor Design for Kinase Drug Discovery
Authors: Ghose Arup K. , Herbertz Torsten , Pippin Douglas A. , Salvino Joseph M. , Mallamo John P.
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Chemistry of Carbohydrates
Authors: Corsaro Antonino , Chiacchio Ugo , Pistara Venerando , Romeo Giovanni
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Modifications of α‐Tocopherol
Authors: Rosenau Thomas
Published: November 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Safety and Efficacy of Bariatric Surgery in Morbidly Obese Patients with Severe Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Ramani Gautam V. , McCloskey Carol , Ramanathan Ramesh C. , Mathier Michael A.
Published: November 2008

Background

Morbid obesity (MO) is a risk factor for congestive heart failure (CHF). The presence of MO impairs functional status and disqualifies patients for cardiac transplantation. Bariatric surgery (BAS) is a frontline, durable treatment for MO; however, the safety and efficacy of BAS in advanced CHF is unknown.

Hypothesis

We hypothesized that by utilizing a coordinated approach between an experienced surgical team and heart failure specialists, BAS is safe in patients with advanced systolic CHF and results in favorable outcomes.

Methods

We performed a retrospective chart review of 12 patients with MO (body mass index [BMI] 53 ± 7 kg/m2) and systolic CHF (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] 22 ± 7%, New York Heart Association [NYHA] class 2.9 ± 0.7) who underwent BAS, and then compared outcomes with 10 matched controls (BMI 47.2 ± 3.6 kg/m2, LVEF 24 ± 7%, and NYHA class 2.4 ± 0.7) who were given diet and exercise counseling.

Results

At 1 y, hospital readmission in BAS patients was significantly lower than controls (0.4 ± 0.8 versus 2.5 ± 2.6, p = 0.04); LVEF improved significantly in BAS patients (35 ± 15%, p = 0.005), but not in controls (29 ± 14%, p = not significant [NS]). The NYHA class improved in BAS patients (2.3 ± 0.5, p = 0.02), but deteriorated in controls (3.3 ± 0.9, p = 0.02). One BAS patient was successfully transplanted, and another listed for transplantation.

Conclusions

Bariatric surgery is safe and effective in patients with MO and severe systolic CHF, and should be considered in patients who have failed conventional therapy to improve clinical status. Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Doctors Are Caregivers or Providers? Patients Are Clients?
Authors: Richard Conti C.
Published: November 2008

When I began medical school in 1956, physicians were always referred to as doctors and sick persons were always referred to as patients. In recent times, those of us who are physicians are often referred to as caregivers or providers by administrative staff, and the sick individuals we treat are often referred to as clients. Why this has happened and who decided to use these terms escapes me. I suspect it has something to do with reimbursement, and that someone other than physicians made the call. Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Plasmalemmal and vesicular γ‐aminobutyric acid transporter expression in the developing mouse retina
Authors: Guo Chenying , Stella Salvatore L. , Hirano Arlene A. , Brecha Nicholas C.
Published: November 2008

Immunoreactivity for the plasma membrane GABA transporter, GAT‐3 (red), in a vertical section of adult mouse retina, with the Müller glia identified with CRALBP antibodies (green) and bipolar cell and some Müller cell somata with Chx10 antibodies (blue). J. Comp. Neurol. 512:6–26, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of Na+ and Ca2+ Ions on a Lipid Langmuir Monolayer: An Atomistic Description by Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Giner Casares Juan José , Camacho Luis , Martín‐Romero Maria Teresa , López Cascales José Javier
Published: November 2008

Studying the effect of alkali and alkaline‐earth metal cations on Langmuir monolayers is relevant from biophysical and nanotechnological points of view. In this work, the effect of Na+ and Ca2+ on a model of an anionic Langmuir lipid monolayer of dimyristoylphosphatidate (DMPA−) is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The influence of the type of cation on lipid structure, lipid–lipid interactions, and lipid ordering is analyzed in terms of electrostatic interactions. It is found that for a lipid monolayer in its solid phase, the effect of the cations on the properties of the lipid monolayer can be neglected. The influence of the cations is enhanced for the lipid monolayer in its gas phase, where sodium ions show a high degree of dehydration compared with calcium ions. This loss of hydration shell is partly compensated by the formation of lipid–ion–lipid bridges. This difference is ascribed to the higher charge‐to‐radius ratio q/r for Ca2+, which makes ion dehydration less favorable compared to Na+. Owing to the different dehydration behavior of sodium and calcium ions, diminished lipid–lipid coordination, lipid–ion coordination, and lipid ordering are observed for Ca2+ compared to Na+. Furthermore, for both gas and solid phases of the lipid Langmuir monolayers, lipid conformation and ion dehydration across the lipid/water interface are studied.
Rydberg or Valence? The Long‐Standing Question in the UV Absorption Spectrum of 1,1′‐Bicyclohexylidene
Authors: Pérez‐Hernández Guillermo , González Leticia , Serrano‐Andrés Luis
Published: November 2008

The electronic excited states of the olefin 1,1′‐bicylohexylidene (BCH) are investigated using multiconfigurational complete active space self‐consistent‐field second order perturbation theory in its multi‐state version (MS‐CASPT2). Our calculations undoubtedly show that the bulk of the intensity of the two unusually intense bands of the UV absorption of BCH measured with maxima at 5.95 eV and 6.82 eV in the vapor phase are due to a single ππ* valence excitation. Sharp peaks reported in the vicinity of the low‐energy feature in the gas phase correspond to the beginning of the π3sR Rydberg series. By locating the origin of the ππ* band at 5.63 eV, the intensity and broadening of the observed bands and their presence in solid phase is explained as the vibrational structure of the valence ππ* transition, which underlies the Rydberg manifold as a quasi‐continuum.
Rapid and label‐free classification of human glioma cells by infrared spectroscopic imaging
Authors: Steiner Gerald , Küchler Saskia , Hermann Andreas , Koch Edmund , Salzer Reiner , Schackert Gabriele , Kirsch Matthias
Published: November 2008

The discrimination of cell types is a crucial task in cell biology. Available techniques, based on an irreversible treatment of the cells, do not allow a sensitive label‐free characterization under in situ conditions. Infrared spectroscopic imaging is a new and useful tool for studying individual cells. It has established itself as a powerful method to probe the molecular composition and to indicate the biochemistry of cells. Monolayers of cultivated U343, T1115 and T508 human glioma cells were characterized using infrared spectroscopic imaging. A classification algorithm based on linear discriminant analysis was developed to distinguish different cells without labeling. The classification is based upon spectral features which mainly arise from proteins, nucleic acids, and cholesterol. An accuracy of 91% and 84% was obtained for cells of U343 and T1115, respectively. Cells of the T508 cell line exhibit some misclassifications resulting in a lower accuracy rate of 73%. As the results demonstrate, the potential of infrared spectroscopic imaging method to assess the overall molecular composition of cells in a non‐destructive manner opens the possibility to characterize cells on a molecular level without labels or an irreversible treatment. © 2008 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Impaired T‐cell development in the absence of Vav1 and Itk
Authors: Raberger Julia , Boucheron Nicole , Sakaguchi Shinya , Penninger Josef M. , Ellmeier Wilfried
Published: November 2008

Vav1 and the Tec family kinase Itk act in similar T‐cell activation pathways. Both molecules interact with members of the Cbl family of E3 ubiquitin ligases, and signaling defects in Vav1−/− T cells are rescued upon deletion of Cbl‐b. In this study we investigate the relation between Itk and Cbl‐b or Vav1 by generating Itk/Cbl‐b and Itk/Vav1 double‐deficient mice. Deletion of Cbl‐b in Itk−/− CD4+ T cells restored proliferation and partially IL‐2 production, and also led to a variable rescue of IL‐4 production. Thus, Itk and Vav1 act mechanistically similarly in peripheral T cells, since the defects in Itk−/− T cells, as in Vav1−/− T cells, are rescued if cells are released from the negative regulation mediated by Cbl‐b. In addition, only few peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were present in Vav1−/−Itk−/− mice due to severely impaired thymocyte differentiation. Vav1−/−Itk−/− thymocyte numbers were strongly reduced compared with WT, Itk−/− or Vav1−/− mice, and double‐positive thymocytes displayed increased cell death and impaired positive selection. Therefore, our data also reveal that the combined activity of Vav1 and Itk is required for proper T‐cell development and the generation of the peripheral T‐cell pool.
Viral 5′‐triphosphate RNA and non‐CpG DNA aggravate autoimmunity and lupus nephritis via distinct TLR‐independent immune responses
Authors: Allam Ramanjaneyulu , Pawar Rahul D. , Kulkarni Onkar P. , Hornung Veit , Hartmann Gunter , Segerer Stephan , Akira Shizuo , Endres Stefan , Anders Hans‐Joachim
Published: November 2008

Certain viral nucleic acids aggravate autoimmunity through nucleic acid‐specific TLR. Viral 5′‐triphosphate RNA (3P‐RNA) and double‐stranded non‐CpG DNA induce antiviral immunity via TLR‐independent pathways but their role in autoimmunity is unknown. Transient exposure of 16‐wk‐old MRLlpr/lpr mice to 3P‐RNA aggravated lupus nephritis by increasing IFN signaling and decreasing CD4+CD25+ T cells. By contrast, transient exposure to non‐CpG DNA exacerbate lupus nephritis in association with splenomegaly, lymphoproliferation, hypergammaglobulinaemia and increased B220+CD138+ plasma cells. Both, 3P‐RNA and non‐CpG DNA increased glomerular complement factor C3c deposits but both nucleic acid formats were less potent in aggravating renal pathology as compared with CpG DNA. 3P‐RNA and non‐CpG DNA also localized to the glomerular mesangial cells and activated cultured mesangial cells to produce IL‐6. We conclude, 3P‐RNA or non‐CpG DNA both trigger autoimmune disease in MRLlpr/lpr mice by specifically activating adaptive immunity but similarly enhance inflammation on the tissue level.
IL‐22 and inflammation: Leukin' through a glass onion
Authors: Zenewicz Lauren A. , Flavell Richard A.
Published: November 2008

IL‐22 is a Th17 T‐cell‐associated cytokine that is highly expressed during chronic inflammation. IL‐22 receptor expression is absent on immune cells, but is instead restricted to the tissues, providing signaling directionality from the immune system to the tissues. Through Stat3 signaling, IL‐22 induces a variety of proliferative, anti‐apoptotic, and anti‐microbial pathways. IL‐22 is bi‐functional with both pro‐inflammatory and protective effects on tissues depending on the inflammatory context. The cytokine plays a role both in the host response against extracellular pathogens and in the inflammation associated with autoimmune diseases. Therapeutics targeting IL‐22 therefore may have promise for treating various chronic inflammatory diseases.
Comprehensive analysis of HIV Gag‐specific IFN‐γ response in HIV‐1‐ and HIV‐2‐infected asymptomatic patients from a clinical cohort in The Gambia
Authors: Ondondo Beatrice O. , Rowland‐Jones Sarah L. , Dorrell Lucy , Peterson Kevin , Cotten Matthew , Whittle Hilton , Jaye Assan
Published: November 2008

Majority of HIV‐2‐infected individuals meet the criteria of long‐term non‐progressors. This has been linked to superior qualitative HIV‐2‐specific cellular immune responses that correlate with viral control. However, it is unknown whether this is due to frequent targeting of immunodominant Gag epitopes in HIV‐2 than HIV‐1 infection. We describe a comprehensive comparison of the magnitude, breadth and frequency of Gag responses and the degree of cross‐recognition of frequently targeted, immunodominant Gag peptides in a cross‐sectional study of asymptomatic HIV‐1‐ and HIV‐2‐infected individuals. Fresh PBMC from 20 HIV‐1‐ and 20 HIV‐2‐infected patients with similar CD4+ T‐cell counts (p=0.36) were stimulated with pools of HIV‐1 and/or HIV‐2 Gag peptides in an IFN‐γ ELISPOT assay. We found no difference in the cumulative magnitude of IFN‐γ responses (p=0.75) despite significantly lower plasma viral loads in HIV‐2‐infected people (p<0.0001). However, Gag211–290 was targeted with significantly higher magnitude in HIV‐2‐infected subjects (p=0.03) although this did not correlate with viral control. There was no difference in frequently targeted Gag peptides, the breadth, immunodominance or cross‐recognition of Gag peptide pools between the two infections. This suggests that other factors may control viral replication in HIV‐2 infection.
First Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Penarolide Sulfate A1
Authors: Mohapatra Debendra K. , Bhattasali Debabrata , Gurjar Mukund K. , Khan M. Islam , Shashidhara K. S.
Published: November 2008

Penarolide sulfate A1, with three contiguous stereogenic centers on a macrocyclic skeleton, affords promise as an α‐glucosidase inhibitor. Herein, we describe the first asymmetric total synthesis of this natural product. A stereoselective strategy for rapid assembly of the complete framework of the 30‐membered macrocyclic core is delineated herein. Sequential amidation and intramolecular Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions were pivotal to the success of our efforts. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
(Cycloheptyne)dicobalt Complexes in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Green James R.
Published: November 2008

Cobalt complexes of cycloheptynes are thermally stable compounds, unlike their metal‐free counterparts. The past decade has seen the development of a number of reliable methods for their preparation, and a substantial delineation of the reactions they undergo and tolerate. In turn, these developments have resulted in the exploitation of cycloheptynedicobalt complexes in synthesis. This review details the recent developments in the chemistry of these compounds. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)