bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical Exercise Improves Heart-Rate Variability in Obese Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review
Authors: Villafaina Santos , Fuentes-García Juan Pedro , Leon-Llamas Juan Luis , Collado-Mateo Daniel
Published: March 2021

Background: Childhood obesity has negative impact on heart-rate variability (HRV) and, thereby, on the cardiovascular health of children and adolescents. Thus, physical-exercise interventions were proposed to increase HRV. The present systematic review aims to provide an up-to-date analysis of research on the effect of physical-exercise interventions on HRV in obese children and adolescents. Methods: An electronic search of the literature was performed, and 10 articles were included. PRISMA guideline methodology was employed. Results: Physical-exercise interventions predominantly involved aerobic training; however, alternative training programs, including judo or recreational soccer, were found. The duration of intervention ranged from 6 to 24 weeks, with a training frequency of between 2 and 7 times per week. The duration of sessions typically ranged from 40 to 60 min. Conclusions: Results of the included articles indicated that physical-exercise intervention increased the HRV and thereby the autonomic modulation of obese children and adolescents. This is significant, as HRV is associated with cardiovascular health. Such physical-exercise interventions are crucial to reduce weight and improve cardiovascular health in children and adolescents, thereby achieving a sustainable future.
Network Governance Arrangements and Rural-Urban Synergy
Authors: Ovaska Ulla , Vihinen Hilkka , Oostindie Henk , Farinós Joaquín , Hrabar Mojca , Kilis Emils , Kobal Jurij , Tisenkopfs Talis , Vulto Hans
Published: March 2021

Increasing attention has been paid to the importance of balanced rural–urban interaction to sustainable regional development. Yet, our knowledge on the elements of network governance for such interaction is scarce. The aim of this paper is to study what kind of network governance arrangements currently exist, how they can be improved, and whether evolutionary governance paths can be identified. We analyse five existing and evolving cases of functioning rural–urban interaction in European Union (EU) member states, using a network governance framework as an analytical lens. We supplement the governance analysis with examining what kind of spatial understanding or combination of different spatial lenses the studied rural–urban governance arrangements rely on, as well as with the role of smart development in the studied cases. Our results emphasise the significance of division of power and collaborative decision-design in guaranteeing balanced and mutually beneficial interaction. Furthermore, we recommend changes in current policies in order to tap into the potential of rural–urban synergy.
Complex Customer Loyalty Measurement at Closed-Loop Quality Management in B2B Area—Czech Example
Authors: Nenadál Jaroslav , Vykydal David , Tylečková Eva
Published: March 2021

The main objective of this article is to present our proposal of complex customer loyalty measurement within external feedback loops as a response of Industry 4.0 concept in the area of advanced quality management for business-to-business (B2B) relationships, as customer loyalty and organisational sustainability are two critical factors for long-term success. To reach the goal, deep literature analysis, special field research, interviews with specialists, and development of a new model of closed-loop quality management systems, which are created for Quality 4.0 environment, were used. A new term, complex customer loyalty, is introduced, and twelve basic steps of its measurement are briefly explained, including a set of loyalty indicators, all regarding specific characteristics of B2B context. Special research confirmed that only about 15% of Czech organisations use some systematic approach to customer loyalty measurement within B2B area. In the majority of Czech B2B organisations, closed-loop quality management systems are mostly in early phases of their development. However, there is no doubt that complex customer loyalty measurement will be an important part of these systems. The proposals presented in this article are mostly universal and should be applied not only to Czech companies.
Resting Heart Rate Measurement in Elite Athletes during COVID-19 Lockdown: The Impact of Decreased Physical Activity
Authors: Pla Robin , Bosquet Laurent , Aubry Anaël , Toussaint Jean-François , Sedeaud Adrien
Published: March 2021

The purpose was to observe the effects of a four-week lockdown on the resting heart rate (RHR) and well-being perception of elite swimmers. Twenty elite swimmers performed RHR measurements upon waking in supine and standing positions. Baseline values and those measured after four weeks of lockdown were compared. Swimmers completed a questionnaire on their training volume and state of well-being. During the lockdown, swimmers reported a weekly mean physical activity of 10.4 ± 3.6 h (an estimated reduction of 254% compared to their usual training volume). After four weeks of lockdown, RHR in the supine position increased by more than two beats per minute (58.8 ± 8.2 vs. 56.5 ± 7.4 bpm, p < 0.05). In the standing position, RHR increased by almost 15 beats per minute (103.3 ± 13.2 vs. 88.4 ± 9.4 bpm, p < 0.0001). Fifty percent of these athletes expressed a decrease in well-being. These results underline that the lockdown circumstances induced a large reduction in parasympathetic activity in elite athletes, which was associated with a decrease in training volume. This increase in RHR may reflect that a highatly strenuous environment and maintaining a high level of physical activity in this population could be favorable to preserve physical and psychological health.
The Paradox of the Virtual Water Trade Balance in the Mediterranean Region
Authors: Gkatsikos Alexandros , Mattas Konstadinos
Published: March 2021

Climate change, water shortages and desertification threaten the economic and environmental sustainability in the Mediterranean. Limited rainfall and higher temperatures put agricultural production, which relies on water availability, in jeopardy. Thereupon, Mediterranean countries pursue agri-food resilience and water preservation through efficient water policies. Hence, water-deprived areas ought to import rather than produce water-intensive products to maintain water inventories and sustainability consequently. As this study examines the water sustainability for a Mediterranean water-scarce region with a particular focus on agriculture, the virtual water trade balance explores this hypothesis. A regional input–output model is constructed, and then total water consumption and the virtual water flows for each economic sector are estimated to determine the virtual water trade balance of the economy. Results indicate that the study area has a trade deficit and struggles economically but is a net importer of virtual water and secures water sustainability. As this virtual water deficit relies heavily on agriculture and originates in vast total water consumption rather than a large trade deficit, a paradox occurs; water-intensive cultivations and animals that consume 91.75% of water resources end up appearing to be water-saving. Further research is needed to strike a balance between economic growth and environmental protection.
Simulation Method to Assess Thermal Comfort in Historical Buildings with High-Volume Interior Spaces—The Case of the Gothic Basilica of Sta. Maria del Mar in Barcelona
Authors: Onecha Belén , Dotor Alicia
Published: March 2021

Concerns about the energy performance of heritage buildings have grown exponentially over the last decade. However, actions have been limited to reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. Another perspective must be studied—the thermal comfort of users, for human welfare and health. The assessment of thermal comfort inside a historic building with a single, large volume interior space is not easy. The complexity increases if the building has high cultural protection and its envelope cannot be altered, to preserve its historical values. This paper focuses on this kind of building and describes a dynamic simulation method used to assess thermal comfort in the Gothic Basilica of Sta. Maria del Mar in Barcelona. The basilica’s interior thermal conditions are intense cold during the winter and extreme heat and sultriness during the summer. Several simulation scenarios were considered to highlight the failure to obtain thermal comfort for users through passive strategies during the summer period. When all the factors are considered, the only valid strategy is to introduce an active system. This must be minimized according to three criteria: reducing operational periods, considering just the air volume next to users and adjusting the level of comfort requirement.
Socio-Economic Perspectives of Transition in Inland Fisheries and Fish Farming in a Least Developed Country
Authors: Sanon Vincent-Paul , Ouedraogo Raymond , Toé Patrice , El Bilali Hamid , Lautsch Erwin , Vogel Stefan , Melcher Andreas H.
Published: March 2021

Small-scale inland fisheries are essential for livelihoods and food security in developing countries such as Burkina Faso. However, there is a gap in research on the ongoing transformation of the sector toward sustainability. This article analyzes the transition in inland fisheries and aquaculture in Burkina Faso and its implications in terms of natural resources management, food security, and livelihoods. We used the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) method as a reference transition framework and sampled using a mixed approach including 63 qualitative interviews, with fisheries experts and stakeholders, as well as quantitative data gathered through a representative survey with 204 fishermen’s households. We examined open access, concession, and co-management fisheries systems. Our results show that technical and institutional changes in fisheries over the last decades deeply shaped and transformed fisheries governance. Technological changes improved the sector’s productivity and its contribution to households’ livelihoods. Fishermen’s households consume up to 25% of fishermen’s catches. The share of the catches consumed is typically higher when commercial fishing is “not important”, but it remains typically low when it is “very important”. The income is higher for fishermen who allocate more time to or gain more income from animals breeding. The establishment of state-based management affects the balance between the coexisting traditional and newer “republican” institutions. Concession and co-management niches can contribute to the empowerment of the stakeholders and establishment of more effective management. However, they are still dominated by the traditional and centralized state regimes and governance. The support of the socio-technical landscape is paramount for the scaling-up of the fish farming niche, which has the potential to improve food security and sustain rural livelihoods in the least developed country, Burkina Faso.
Self and Place Constructs in Climate Change Vulnerability Assessments: Gaps and Recommendations
Authors: Herrick Charles
Published: March 2021

In the United States, climate change vulnerability assessments are usually conceived as objectified exercises, based on theoretical orientations such as rational choice or systems theory. They adopt sectorial or population-level frames of reference and are operationalized by means of aggregating mathematical models, geospatial analytical platforms, and advanced visualization tools. While vulnerability assessments are intended to inform decision making, they often lack process-based mechanisms that enable them to be framed in terms of localized knowledge and perspectives. This is a weakness because occupant attitudes regarding places can spark unyieldingly negative reactions to expert-generated, objectivist vulnerability assessment processes and their outputs. In this paper, I attempt to demonstrate the salience of self and place constructs and explore the implications of their tendency to block serious reflection about the nature of potential vulnerabilities and risk management interventions. If acknowledged and addressed in a manner that is empathetic and context sensitive, it may be possible to channel these perspectives to elevate and deepen dialog about climate change and help to identify and compile circumstantially appropriate menus of adaptation policy interventions.
Sustainable Mobility Policy Analysis Using Hybrid Choice Models: Is It the Right Choice?
Authors: García-Melero Gustavo , Sainz-González Rubén , Coto-Millán Pablo , Valencia-Vásquez Alejandra
Published: March 2021

In recent years, sustainable mobility policy analysis has used Hybrid Choice Models (HCM) by incorporating latent variables in the mode choice models. However, the impact on policy analysis outcomes has not yet been determined with certainty. This paper aims to measure the effect of HCM on sustainable mobility policy analysis compared to traditional models without latent variables. To this end, we performed mode choice research in the city of Santander, Spain. We identified two latent variables—Safety and Comfort—and incorporated them as explanatory variables in the HCM. Later, we conducted a sensitivity study for sustainable mobility policy analysis by simulating different policy scenarios. We found that the HCM amplified the impact of sustainable mobility policies on the modal shares, and provided an excessive reaction in the individuals’ travel behavior. Thus, the HCM overrated the impact of sustainable mobility policies on the modal switch. Likewise, for all of the mode choice models, policies that promoted public transportation were more effective in increasing bus modal shares than those that penalized private vehicles. In short, we concluded that sustainable mobility policy analysis should use HCM prudently, and should not set them as the best models beforehand.
Analysis of the Thermal–Technical Properties of Modern Log Structures
Authors: Švajlenka Jozef , Kozlovská Mária
Published: March 2021

“Ecological buildings” and “energy-efficient buildings” are concepts which we encounter on a daily basis and which define modern trends. The purpose of their design is to create an optimal thermal microclimate by means of heat flows that form within it or enter it. A balanced combination of heat flows creates suitable conditions for thermal comfort—a factor contributing to the quality of the internal environment of buildings. This research addresses the problem of heat distribution in construction materials based on wood and their thermal–technical properties in relation to the sustainability requirements for the thermal–technical properties of constructions and buildings. The research examines the structural parts of the external walls of modern log constructions. The objective of this work is to analyse the thermal–technical properties of the structural parts of modern log wood constructions in laboratory conditions and verify them against calculated values and values declared by manufacturers. This publication is also a contribution to the current needs in terms of the sustainability and internal environment quality of constructions in general. The publication is also a contribution to the current needs in the field of heating technology in terms of sustainability and the quality of internal environments.
A Review on Battery Market Trends, Second-Life Reuse, and Recycling
Authors: Zhao Yanyan , Pohl Oliver , Bhatt Anand I. , Collis Gavin E. , Mahon Peter J. , Rüther Thomas , Hollenkamp Anthony F.
Published: March 2021

The rapid growth, demand, and production of batteries to meet various emerging applications, such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems, will result in waste and disposal problems in the next few years as these batteries reach end-of-life. Battery reuse and recycling are becoming urgent worldwide priorities to protect the environment and address the increasing need for critical metals. As a review article, this paper reveals the current global battery market and global battery waste status from which the main battery chemistry types and their management, including reuse and recycling status, are discussed. This review then presents details of the challenges, opportunities, and arguments on battery second-life and recycling. The recent research and industrial activities in the battery reuse domain are summarized to provide a landscape picture and valuable insight into battery reuse and recycling for industries, scientific research, and waste management.
Polarity Free Magnetic Repulsion and Magnetic Bound State
Authors: Ucar Hamdi
Published: March 2021

This is a report on a dynamic autonomous magnetic interaction which does not depend on polarities resulting in short ranged repulsion involving one or more inertial bodies and a new class of bound state based on this interaction. Both effects are new to the literature, found so far. Experimental results are generalized and reported qualitatively. Working principles of these effects are provided within classical mechanics and found consistent with observations and simulations. The effects are based on the interaction of a rigid and finite inertial body (an object having mass and moment of inertia) endowed with a magnetic moment with a cyclic inhomogeneous magnetic field which does not require to have a local minimum. Such a body having some degrees of freedom involved in driven harmonic motion by this interaction can experience a net force in the direction of the weak field regardless of its position and orientation or can find stable equilibrium with the field itself autonomously. The former is called polarity free magnetic repulsion and the latter is classified as a magnetic bound state. Experiments show that a bound state can be obtained between two free bodies having magnetic dipole moment as a solution of two-body problem. Various schemes of trapping bodies having magnetic moments by rotating fields are realized as well as rotating bodies trapped by a static dipole field in presence of gravity. Additionally, a special case of bound state called bipolar bound state between free dipole bodies is investigated.
Convergence Analysis of a Three-Step Iterative Algorithm for Generalized Set-Valued Mixed-Ordered Variational Inclusion Problem
Authors: Agarwal Praveen , Filali Doaa , Akram M. , Dilshad M.
Published: March 2021

This manuscript aims to study a generalized, set-valued, mixed-ordered, variational inclusion problem involving H(·,·)-compression XOR-αM-non-ordinary difference mapping and relaxed cocoercive mapping in real-ordered Hilbert spaces. The resolvent operator associated with H(·,·)-compression XOR-αM-non-ordinary difference mapping is defined, and some of its characteristics are discussed. We prove existence and uniqueness results for the considered generalized, set-valued, mixed-ordered, variational inclusion problem. Further, we put forward a three-step iterative algorithm using a ⊕ operator, and analyze the convergence of the suggested iterative algorithm under some mild assumptions. Finally, we reconfirm the existence and convergence results by an illustrative numerical example.
The Architecture Design of Electrical Vehicle Infrastructure Using Viable System Model Approach
Authors: Boucetta Mahdi , Ibne Hossain Niamat Ullah , Jaradat Raed , Keating Charles , Tazzit Siham , Nagahi Morteza
Published: March 2021

Exponential technological-based growth in industrialization and urbanization, and the ease of mobility that modern motorization offers have significantly transformed social structures and living standards. As a result, electric vehicles (EVs) have gained widespread popularity as a mode of sustainable transport. The increasing demand for of electric vehicles (EVs) has reduced the some of the environmental issues and urban space requirements for parking and road usage. The current body of EV literature is replete with different optimization and empirical approaches pertaining to the design and analysis of the EV ecosystem; however, probing the EV ecosystem from a management perspective has not been analyzed. To address this gap, this paper develops a systems-based framework to offer rigorous design and analysis of the EV ecosystem, with a focus on charging station location problems. The study framework includes: (1) examination of the EV charging station location problem through the lens of a systems perspective; (2) a systems view of EV ecosystem structure; and (3) development of a reference model for EV charging stations by adopting the viable system model. The paper concludes with the methodological implications and utility of the reference model to offer managerial insights for practitioners and stakeholders.
The Inactivation by Curcumin-Mediated Photosensitization of Botrytis cinerea Spores Isolated from Strawberry Fruits
Authors: Huang Li , Yong Ken W. L. , Fernando W. Chrishanthi , Carpinelli de Jesus Matheus , De Voss James J. , Sultanbawa Yasmina , Fletcher Mary T.
Published: March 2021

Photosensitization is a novel environmentally friendly technology with promising applications in the food industry to extend food shelf life. In this study, the natural food dye curcumin, when combined with visible light (430 nm), was shown to be an effective photosensitizer against the common phytopathogenic fungi Botrytis cinerea (the cause of grey mould). Production of the associated phytotoxic metabolites botrydial and dihydrobotrydial was measured by our newly developed and validated HRAM UPLC-MS/MS method, and was also shown to be reduced by this treatment. With a light dose of 120 J/cm2, the reduction in spore viability was directly proportional to curcumin concentrations, and the overall concentration of both botrydial and dihydrobotrydial also decreased with increasing curcumin concentration above 200 µM. With curcumin concentrations above 600 µM, the percentage reduction in fungal spores was close to 100%. When the dye concentration was increased to 800 µM, the spores were completely inactive and neither botrydial nor dihydrobotrydial could be detected. These results suggest that curcumin-mediated photosensitization is a potentially effective method to control B. cinerea spoilage, and also to reduce the formation of these phytotoxic botryane secondary metabolites.
In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of a Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 Isolated from Domestic Pigeons in Victoria, Australia 2011
Authors: Shan Songhua , Bruce Kerri , Stevens Vittoria , Wong Frank , Wang Jianning , Johnson Dayna , Middleton Deborah , O’Riley Kim , McCullough Sam , Williams David , Bergfeld Jemma
Published: March 2021

Significant mortalities of racing pigeons occurred in Australia in late 2011 associated with a pigeon paramyxovirus serotype 1 (PPMV-1) infection. The causative agent, designated APMV-1/pigeon/Australia/3/2011 (P/Aus/3/11), was isolated from diagnostic specimens in specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonated eggs and was identified by a Newcastle Disease virus (NDV)-specific RT-PCR and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test using reference polyclonal antiserum specific for NDV. The P/Aus/3/11 strain was further classified as PPMV-1 using the HI test and monoclonal antibody 617/161 by HI and phylogenetic analysis of the fusion gene sequence. The isolate P/Aus/3/11 had a slow haemagglutin-elution rate and was inactivated within 45 min at 56 °C. Cross HI tests generated an R value of 0.25, indicating a significant antigenic difference between P/Aus/3/11 and NDV V4 isolates. The mean death time (MDT) of SPF eggs infected with the P/Aus/3/11 isolate was 89.2 hr, characteristic of a mesogenic pathotype, consistent with other PPMV-1 strains. The plaque size of the P/Aus/3/11 isolate on chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells was smaller than those of mesogenic and velogenic NDV reference strains, indicating a lower virulence phenotype in vitro and challenge of six-week-old SPF chickens did not induce clinical signs. However, sequence analysis of the fusion protein cleavage site demonstrated an 112RRQKRF117 motif, which is typical of a velogenic NDV pathotype. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the P/Aus/3/11 isolate belongs to a distinct subgenotype within class II genotype VI of avian paramyxovirus type 1. This is the first time this genotype has been detected in Australia causing disease in domestic pigeons and is the first time since 2002 that an NDV with potential for virulence has been detected in Australia.
Safety and Immunogenicity of a Stable, Cold-Adapted, Temperature-Sensitive/Conditional Lethal Enterovirus A71 in Monkey Study
Authors: Chua Kaw Bing , Ng Qimei , Meng Tao , Jia Qiang
Published: March 2021

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) are major etiological agents of hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in children, which may result in fatal neurological complications. The development of safe, cost effective vaccines against HFMD, especially for use in developing countries, is still a top public health priority. We have successfully generated a stable, cold-adapted, temperature sensitive/conditional lethal EV-A71 through adaptive culturing in Vero cells at incrementally lower cultivation temperatures. An additional 40 passages at an incubation temperature of 28 °C, and a temperature reversion study at an incubation temperature of 37 °C and 39.5 °C, reveals the virus’s phenotypic and genetic stability at the predefined culture conditions. Six unique mutations (two in noncoding regions and four in nonstructural protein-coding genes) in combination may have contributed to its stable phenotype and inability to fully revert to its original wild phenotype. The safety and immunogenicity of this stable, cold-adapted, temperature sensitive/conditional lethal EV-A71 was performed in six monkeys. None of the inoculated monkeys developed any obvious clinical illness except one which developed a transient spike of fever. No gross postmortem lesion or abnormal histological finding was noted for all monkeys at autopsy. No virus was reisolated although EV-A71 specific RNA was detected in serum samples collected on both day 4 and day 8 postinoculation. Only EV-A71 RNA and viral antigen were detected in the spleen homogenate and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, respectively, collected on day 4. The two remaining monkeys developed good humoral immune response on day 14 and day 30 post-inoculation.
Method Development for Enteric Virus Recovery from Primary Sludge
Authors: Linden Yarrow S. , Fagnant-Sperati Christine S. , Kossik Alexandra L. , Harrison Joanna Ciol , Beck Nicola K. , Boyle David S. , Meschke John Scott
Published: March 2021

Enteric viruses, such as poliovirus, are a leading cause of gastroenteritis, which causes 2–3 million deaths annually. Environmental surveillance of wastewater supplements clinical surveillance for monitoring enteric virus circulation. However, while many environmental surveillance methods require liquid samples, some at-risk locations utilize pit latrines with waste characterized by high solids content. This study’s objective was to develop and evaluate enteric virus concentration protocols for high solids content samples. Two existing protocols were modified and tested using poliovirus type 1 (PV1) seeded into primary sludge. Method 1 (M1) utilized acid adsorption, followed by 2 or 3 elutions (glycine/sodium chloride and/or threonine/sodium chloride), and skimmed milk flocculation. Method 2 (M2) began with centrifugation. The liquid fraction was filtered through a ViroCap filter and eluted (beef extract/glycine). The solid fraction was eluted (beef extract/disodium hydrogen phosphate/citric acid) and concentrated by skimmed milk flocculation. Recovery was enumerated by plaque assay. M1 yielded higher PV1 recovery than M2, though this result was not statistically significant (26.1% and 15.9%, respectively). M1 was further optimized, resulting in significantly greater PV1 recovery when compared to the original protocol (p < 0.05). This method can be used to improve understanding of enteric virus presence in communities without liquid waste streams.
On Modeling the Cost of Ownership of Plug-In Vehicles
Authors: Hamza Karim , Laberteaux Kenneth P. , Chu Kang-Ching
Published: March 2021

Plug-in vehicles (PEVs), which include battery-only electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), have steadily grown in sales amidst various incentive programs, but much speculation exists on when PEVs would become cost-competitive without incentives. This research adopts a bottom-up approach for estimation of purchase cost, and total cost of ownership (TCO). Baseline predictions, as well as sensitivity analysis (with more favorable conditions for PEVs) are generated for 2030. Results show that the five-year TCO of some PEVs could be less than an equivalent-sized conventional internal combustion-engine (CICE) vehicle, but only in the more optimistic scenarios where the cost of batteries and motors decrease more rapidly than the baseline prediction, and when combined with either higher gasoline prices or longer annual distance travelled. However, without subsidies or incentives, purchase cost parity between PEVs and CICEs was not realized in any of the considered 2030 scenarios.
Protection of privacy in the period of Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Toptchiyska Denitza
Published: March 2021

During the pandemic of COVID-19 in April 2020 the Ministry of Health in Bulgaria began the administration of the Virusafe contact tracking application. With the Law on Emergency Measures and Actions, declared by a decision of the National Assembly of 13th March 2020 amendments to the Electronic Communications Act were adopted. The purpose of the legislative amendments was to provide access of the competent authorities to the localization data from the public electronic communication networks of the individuals, who have refused or do not fulfill the obligatory isolation or treatment under art. 61 of the Health Act. This publication aims to analyze the main features of mobile applications for tracking the contacts of infected persons, as well as the adopted legislative changes, comparing them with the standards of personal data protection provided in the EU General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 and Directive 2002/58/EC on the right to privacy and electronic communications.
Some questions on the law on the state of emergency
Authors: Chochova Maria
Published: March 2021

The article analyses two provisions of the Law on Measures and Actions in the State of Emergency, declared with the decision of the National Assembly of 13th March 2020, providing for suspension and extension of time periods provided in the legislation. The analysis is focused on examples based on the review of the labour legislation. The issue of suspended court proceedings on some labour disputes – until the end of the state of emergency – is also discussed.
Síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica pediátrica induzida por SARS-CoV-2 e Doença de Kawasaki: entidades distintas ou partes de um mesmo espectro patológico?
Authors: Bovarêto Silveira Anna Carolina , Dias Maia Maria Eduarda , Fernandes Alvim Vitor , De Oliveira Zambeli Letícia , Luiz Dornelas Marques Júnior André , De Castro Cunha Rosângela Maria , Parma Ruela Vinícius
Published: March 2021

Introdução: Em crianças e adolescentes foi caracterizada a SíndromeInflamatória Multissistêmica Pediátrica (SIM-P) associada à COVID-19. Tal condição resulta em vasculite de médios e pequenos vasos eapresentações clínicas similares ao que ocorre na doença deKawasaki (DK) classicamente descrita.   Objetivo: caracterizar ecomparar as manifestações da SIM-P relacionadas à clássica DK,buscando compreender se são entidades distintas ou se são partes deum mesmo espectro. Material e métodos: Foi realizada uma busca nabase de dados PubMed de estudos em humanos, publicados no anode 2020, utilizando-se as palavras chave “COVID-19”, “doença peloCoronavírus 19”, “infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2”, “Síndrome deKawasaki” e “Doença de Kawasaki”, sendo suas respectivas variáveisconsultadas no Medical Subject Heading (MeSH). Foram encontrados144 artigos e após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, cincoestudos observacionais foram selecionados para a síntese da revisão.Resultados: Dentre os estudos selecionados com base nos critérios deinclusão, 239 pacientes pediátricos foram avaliados. Constatou-seuma faixa etária mais avançada acometida pela SIM-P quandocomparada à apresentação clássica da DK. O envolvimentogastrointestinal e a evolução mais grave no que diz respeito aachados ecocardiográficos, além da necessidade de uma segundalinha terapêutica foram marcantes. Por fim, observou-se, a nívellaboratorial, uma exuberância de alterações inflamatórias nos

pacientes acometidos pela SIM-P em relação aos avaliados com DKfora da conjuntura da epidemia da COVID-19. Conclusão: Sugere-seque uma doença inflamatória multissistêmica semelhante à DK estejaassociada à infecção por SARS-CoV-2. Ainda não se conhece asconsequências da SIM-P a longo prazo, sendo necessária a realizaçãode estudos que elucidem aspectos diagnósticos, prognósticos eterapêuticos.
СІЛЬСЬКІ ТЕРИТОРІЇ ЯК ОБ’ЄКТ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ У СФЕРІ ЖИТЛОВО-КОМУНАЛЬНОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА
Authors: Bizonych Dmytro
Published: March 2021

В статті розглянуто основні концепції типізації сільських територій, які є територіальною основою для організації місцевого самоврядування в нашій країні та управління сферою ЖКГ, яка в свою чергу, є підсистемою інфраструктури адміністративно-територіальних одиниць цього рівня. Проблеми в управлінні сільськими територіями, їх відмінності, які слугують основою для типізації, позначаються на управлінні інфраструктурними об’єктами, в тому числі – житлово-комунальному господарстві. В статті визначені також основні нормативно-правові засади в регулюванні розвитку сільських територій, подальші напрями удосконалення державної політики в цій сфері. Досліджено зміст термінів «аграрний» і «сільський», встановлено, що на основі різноманітних ознак та історичного розвитку поняття «сільський сектор» є значно ширшим, ніж «аграрний сектор». Встановлено взаємозв’язки між розвитком сільських територій та регіональним розвитком.
The case of taxing multinational corporations in Uganda: Do multinational corporations face lower effective tax rates and is there evidence for profit shifting?
Authors: Koivisto Aliisa , Musoke Nicholas , Nakyambadde Dorothy , Schimanski Caroline
Published: March 2021

We study how large domestic firms and multinational corporations compare in their effective tax rates and whether there is evidence of profit shifting out of Uganda. Using administrative data from the Uganda Revenue Authority and regression analysis, we find that multinational corporations lower their corporate tax burden through two channels: lower effective tax rates and profit shifting. Multinational corporations pay lower effective tax rates, by approximately 20 percentage points, on their reported profits than large domestic corporations because of tax treaties and other benefits. However, they are also more likely to report losses than domestic firms. This is likely due to profit shifting, as we observe that the lower the tax rate in the country of the global owner, the lower the reported profit of the multinational corporation in Uganda. Developing countries are particularly vulnerable to profit shifting, given their limited fiscal capacity. Thus, the profit-shifting behaviour of multinational corporations creates substantial challenges for achieving sustainable development through strengthening domestic revenue mobilization. This study is among the first to provide evidence of profit shifting by multinational corporations in a low-income country setting.
НАУКОМЕТРИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ СПАДЩИНИ АКАДЕМІКА С. ГОНЧАРЕНКА
Authors: Самко Алла
Published: March 2021

Автором оглядової статті здійснено наукометричний аналіз наукового доробку С. Гончаренка. Здійснено класифікацію джерел за змістом, визначаючи суто наукові дослідження (монографії, наукові статті, дисертації), популяризаторські праці (публіцистика, науково-популярні видання), навчальні (посібники, підручники), довідкова література (енциклопедії, бібліографічні покажчики, словники тощо), хрестоматійні видання (збірки документів, видання творів та ін.). Визначено проблематику наукових розвідок Семена Устимовича, виокремлено їх пріоритетні напрями: дидактика фізики, проблеми розвитку вітчизняної освіти, загальна дидактика, методологія педагогіки. Зазначено, що систематизація науково-педагогічної спадщини вченого за різними критеріями дозволила отримати уявлення про різноплановість доробку вченого та коло проблем, які були предметом його дослідження. Обґрунтовано, що оприлюднення інформаційних ресурсів вченого в електронній бібліотеці сприяє поширенню та забезпечує відкритий доступ до результатів його наукових досліджень. Зазначено, що внесення інформаційних ресурсів до електронної бібліотеки (оприлюднення), завантаження ресурсів (розповсюдження), цитування наукової продукції (використання) є впровадженням наукових результатів науковця. Представлено бібліометричний профіль С. Гончаренка за допомогою найважливіших критеріїв оцінювання наукового рівня (h-індекс, і10-індекс). Отримано адекватну оцінку наукової продуктивності С. Гончаренка, визначено загальну кількість публікацій та загальне число цитувань вченого. Зроблено висновок, що праці академіка С. Гончаренка є досить цитованими і нині: як у текстах дисертаційних робіт, авторефератів, так і в найновіших працях нинішніх вчених з проблем історії педагогіки, дидактики, теорії виховання, національної освіти, внеску конкретних персоналій у розвиток вітчизняної педагогіки.

Ключові слова: С. Гончаренко, наукові праці, критерії, наукометричний аналіз, бібліометричний профіль.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ АКТИВНОГО ГРОМАДЯНСТВА ДОРОСЛИХ У СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ
Authors: Бабушко Світлана
Published: March 2021

В оглядовій статті проаналізовано досвід європейських країн з розвитку активного громадянства дорослого населення засобами формальної, неформальної та інформальної освіти. Демократичні процеси, що відбуваються в Україні, актуалізували питання розвитку активного громадянства. Перед освітою постає завдання сформувати громадянську ідентичність її громадян, розвинути здатність і готовність до активної участі у житті суспільства, до установлення конструктивних відносин на засадах соціального партнерства. Це завдання реалізується не лише у формальній освіті, але й може бути реалізованим, насамперед, у неформальній та інформальній освіті, у тому числі й серед дорослих. Уточнено сутність термінів «активне громадянство» і «відповідальне громадянство» у зарубіжному та вітчизняному науковому дискурсах. Здійснено огляд законодавчих документів в європейських країнах і Євросоюзі в цілому щодо «активного громадянства» й розглянуто їх підходи до розвитку активного громадянства. У Франції та Німеччині акцентується політична участь громадянина. У Великій Британії громадянська активність зосереджується на діяльності громади, через діяльність якої зростатиме й соціальна єдність. У прибалтійських країнах концепт громадянської активності пов’язаний із зменшенням ролі держави на користь приватного підприємництва.Наведено деякі приклади успішних реалізованих ініціатив з розвитку активного громадянства дорослих в Євросоюзі, зокрема через програми Erasmus Plus з виховання активної громадянської позиції, «Європа для громадян», DEAR. Також проаналізовано стан розвитку активного громадянства дорослих в Україні і продемонстровано технологію успішного розвитку навичок активного громадянства на прикладі «Школи активного громадянина». Як висновок, активне громадянство повинно підтримувати розвиток суспільства і вважатися зобов’язанням навчатися впродовж життя.

Ключові слова: активне громадянство, відповідальне громадянство, освіта дорослих, європейський досвід, Україна, успішні приклади.
ПІДГОТОВКА МАЙБУТНІХ ВИХОВАТЕЛІВ ДО РОЗВИТКУ КРЕАТИВНОГО МОВЛЕННЯ ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Котелянець Юлія
Published: March 2021

Оглядову публікацію присвячено аналізу проблеми підготовка майбутніх вихователів до розвитку креативного мовлення дітей дошкільного віку. Конкретизовано понятійно-термінологічний апарат дослідження. Здійснено аналіз навчального плану спеціальності 012 – «Дошкільна освіта». Встановлено, що забезпечення міждисциплінарних зав’язків між дисциплінами різних циклів у процесі підготовки майбутніх вихователів до розвитку креативного мовлення у дітей дошкільного віку дозволяє сформувати у майбутніх вихователів уміння інтегрувати знання з дисциплін. Інтеграція може допомогти в розв’язанні різноманітних педагогічних ситуацій та завдань, забезпечити мобільність і гнучкість використання знань, умінь і навичок з креативно-мовленнєвого розвитку дошкільників під час педагогічної практики. Підтверджено, що готовність майбутніх вихователів ЗДО до розвитку креативного мовлення дітей дошкільного віку є результатом професійно-мовленнєвої підготовки у педагогічному ЗВО, який забезпечує сформованість особистісних якостей у майбутніх вихователів, професійно-спрямованих і креативно-мовленнєвих знань, умінь і навичок, що дозволяють їм проєктувати та організовувати ефективну креативно-мовленнєву діяльність з дітьми дошкільного віку. Встановлено, що підготовка майбутніх вихователів до розвитку креативного мовлення дітей дошкільного віку буде ефективною якщо реалізувати наступні педагогічні умови: забезпечення інтеграції у підготовці майбутніх вихователів ЗДО до розвитку креативного мовлення дітей дошкільного віку; створення креативно-спрямованого мовленнєвого середовища ЗВО в процесі професійної підготовки майбутніх вихователів. Виявлено, що для ефективної підготовки майбутніх вихователів до розвитку креативного мовлення дошкільнят необхідно створити креативно-спрямоване мовленнєве середовище, а також забезпечити комплекс спеціально організованих і цілеспрямованих заходів, педагогічних впливів, змін традиційного перебігу освітньо-виховного процесу.

Ключові слова: підготовка майбутніх вихователів, креативне мовлення, діти дошкільного віку.
ДО ПИТАННЯ ПРО НЕФОРМАЛЬНУ ОСВІТУ ФАХІВЦІВ У СФЕРІ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я (НА ПРИКЛАДІ КОРПОРАТИВНОГО НАВЧАННЯ)
Authors: Філатов Андрій
Published: March 2021

В оглядовій статті проаналізовано окремі аспекти проблеми неформальної корпоративної освіти фахівців у галузі охорони здоров’я. Визначено  необхідність впровадження корпоративної колаборації у сферу підвищення кваліфікації лікарів і медичних працівників. Виокремлено завдання, що потребують вирішення: кваліфікована поінформованість відповідальних осіб за надання сучасних медичних послуг; застаріла інфраструктура організації й надання медичних послуг різним категоріям дорослого населення; недостатнє фінансування медичних інновацій. Узагальнено розуміння корпоративної колаборації як процесу співробітництва, кооперації, сумісної діяльності (взаємодії) двох і більш елементів соціально-економічної системи, що основані на обміні інформацією і самонавчанні, а її результатом є досягнення синергетичного ефекту за заданими параметрами. З’ясовано, що зміст навчальних програм з підвищення кваліфікації має враховувати ряд ключових аспектів  освіти дорослих: проведення тренінгів, короткотермінових курсів для ефективного засвоєння нових знань і формування відповідних навичок. На часі – розроблення процедури, механізмів оцінювання, визнання результатів навчання медичного персоналу в умовах неформальної освіти. Доведено, що оскільки під впливом динамічних глобалізаційних процесів, що відбуваються у світі, неформальна корпоративна медична освіта як складник освіти дорослих набуває специфічних рис, доцільно докорінним чином змінити сферу корпоративної освіти лікарів і медичних працівників, перевести її у формат неформальної освіти дорослих, яка тепер реалізується не лише в традиційній аудиторній, а й у дистанційній та змішаній формах навчання, і, серед інших переваг, забезпечує економію коштів, більший доступ до навчання тощо.

Ключові слова: освіта дорослих; неформальна освіта; корпоративна освіта; підвищення кваліфікації; колаборація; медичні працівники; охорона здоров’я.
ПРОФЕСІЙНА ПІДГОТОВКА МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ МЕДІА
Authors: Годлевська Катерина
Published: March 2021

В статті розкрито значення соціальних медіа для освітнього простору та професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів. Розглянуто соціальні медіа як групу базованих додатків в Інтернеті, що вибудовують ідеологічні та технологічні підвалини Веб-2.0 і дозволяють створювати та обмінюватися контентом між користувачами. Зміст може включати текст, відео, зображення, подкасти та інші мультимедійні комунікації. Проаналізовано як завдяки різноманітним соціальним медіа, таких як Facebook, Twitter, Блоги, YouTube, Instagram, Google сервіси, студенти, вчителі та викладачі налаштовують освітній процес і роблять його не тільки цікавим, але й корисним. Соціальні медіа дозволяють студентам: з легкістю контактувати один з одним щодо їх проєктів та завдань; працювати над груповими завданнями з дому; висловлювати свої думки в групі, усувати сумніви. Також соціальні медіа допомагають викладачам завжди залишатися на зв’язку. Показано досвід використання соціальних медіа ресурсів для навчання, викладання та комунікації Переяслав-Хмельницького державного педагогічного університету імені Григорія Сковороди. Вияв-лено, які негативні наслідки впливу соціальних медіа та визначено, що для їх подолання необхідний чіткий і критичний підхід до будь-якої інформації, що якнайкраще забезпечується через медіаосвіту і медіаграмотність. Зазначено, що медіаосвіта майбутніх учителів спрямована на формування культури спілкування людини з медіа, формування творчих й комунікативних здібностей та критичного мислення. Саме тому медіаосвіта освітянської спільноти надзвичайно важлива. Розглянуто навчальні курси, платформи та проєкти, що створені для формування медіаграмотності у молоді.
Growth Rules: Quasi-Historical Development of Urban Districts
Authors:   City College of CUNY, Lynch Peter
Published: March 2021

Our research asks how laws could guide the development of an urban district, without reference to a pre-established street plan, zoning plan, or property subdivision. Could urban development be regulated as a self-organizing system, where a succession of local events, constrained by simple rules, resolves the large-scale structure? We believe that an incremental planning process could help give new districts a sense of particularity, space and order- a sense of place sui generis, which seems missing from so much postwar urban development.
Architectural Education and Community Power
Authors:   Queen's University Belfast, Woolley Tom
Published: March 2021

Architectural Education in the UK has drifted toward an esoteric preoccupation with style and artistic production and is ignoring important issues of society and urban change. Techniques of user participation and involvement of students in real life social problems is on the agenda in only a few schools of architecture. Yet in the real world more emphasis is being placed on tenants and resident participation in social housing programmes. The Community Technical Aid movement is going from strength to strength. However UK schools of architecture are not preparing students for work of this kind. In this paper it is argued that architectural history and theory is largely to blame for placing too much emphasis on precedent studies divorced from social and political context. Progressive movements in CIAM and radical social programmes are ignored in favour of pre-occupation with fashionable but content free stylisms.