bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anatomical Study of the Tongue in Adult Rams
Authors: Aaaaa Nabeel Abd Murad , Hassan Najah Hashim , Abid Thaier Alwan
Published: August 2023

The present study was designed to provide basic data about the anatomical features of the tongue in adult rams. The tongue was consisting from three parts: apex, body and root. The apex was nearly round with its rounded margin the apex increased gradually in width and thickness and then narrowest in the beginning of the body. The body was larger part of the tongue, begins narrow and then gradually increased in width and thickness until reach into beginning of root and then returns to narrowing. The root was last one and shorter part of tongue, which slopes ventrally and caudally toward the base of the epiglottis, and its width and thickness were nearly equal to the apex.    There were five different forms of lingual papillae of tongue of rams, the filiform, fungiform, conical, lenticular and circumvallate papillae distributed on the surfaces of the tongue.    The filiform papilla was soft horny threadlike structure inclined toward the posterior of the tongue. It was the smallest in size and most dominant from of pillae. The fungiform papilla was round, convex, mushroom-like papillae. The two forms of papillae were distributed on the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the apex and the body of tongue, with the decrease in number and increase in size when directed toward the body of tongue.    The conical papilla was conical in shape with several sizes (small, middle, and large) conical papillae, found rostral to the torus linguae. The lenticular papilla was convex lens in shape found in the middle part of torus linguae. The circumvallate papilla was round to oval in shape, surrounded by deep papillary groove and annular pad found on the lateral side to torus linguae arranged in two rows has, V, shape. The three forms papillae (conical, lenticular and circumvallate) were found on the dorsal surface of the caudal part of the body. The dorsal surface of the root of tongue was devoid from any papillae.
Stomach hyperplasia in dog association with salmonellosis
Authors: Muhsen Rahman Kadhum , Y. Al-Amery Mohammed A. , Majeed Salih Kadhum
Published: August 2023

The inoculation of Salmonella .typhimurium for dogs to show its effect on their stomach , that all dogs became severely  ill following inoculation, also all animals were die during one weak.    The histopathological changes showed mucosal metaplasia which included ; sever vaculation of  mucosa and increased mucous glands at the base of lamina properia due to site of entry of Salmonella , as well as the increased number of mucous gland which give  the secretory area of stomach as finger like projection,  also in other section showed as intestinlization . In  other part of stomach mucosa showed atrophy, and appear cystic dilatated mucus glands.    Moreover, lesion included the thickened muscularis and pyloric region with edema in sub mucosa, also the mucosa of the fundus and pyloris showed inflammatory cell infiltration following salmonellosis.
Prevalence of Hydatidosis among slaughtered ruminants in Al-Najaf slaughter house, Al-Najaf , Iraq.
Authors: Khalil Khalil Zaynal
Published: August 2023

A study was carried out  in Al-Najaf slaughterhouse during the period  from 1/1/2009 to 30/12/2009, to show the prevalence of  hydatid  cysts among the slaughtered animals .The study sample include(60430  sheep, 31375  goats,19430  cattle ,2526 buffaloes and 4147 camel).The  morbidity of hydatidosis was 13.53 % (3789 animal from 117908) among the whole slaughtered animals ,with a value of 4.4 % in cattle , 3.6 % in buffalo , 4.18 % in sheep  , 1.12 % in goat , 0.23 % in camel  . the highest infection rate in cattle, buffalo ,and camel was in spring , while in sheep & goat  was in summer .  The study also show that highest infection rate of cattle with liver hydatidosis was in March (5.21 %) ,of buffalo was in April( 8.07 %), of sheep was in September( 4.01 %) ,of goat in October (1.22 %), of camel in March(1.38 %) . The highest infection rate in cattle with lung  hydatidosis was in February( 2.35 %) , in  buffalo in May(3.58 %) , in sheep in July(2.72 %) , in goat in October (0.59 %) , and there is no infection in camel through the year .
Efficacy of Negilla sativa meal in modulating the oxidative stress induced by benzo[a]pyrene exposures in broilers
Authors: K. Latif Ibrahim , Zahid A. H. , Zahid A. H.
Published: August 2023

Nigella sativa (Ns) has been employed for thousands of years as a spice and food preservative and commonly used in folk medicine all over the world for the treatment and prevention of a number of diseases and conditions. The aim of the study was as an attempt to investigate the effect of Ns meal on the oxidative stress (OS) following intra-tracheal (IT) administration of an air pollutant benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in broiler chickens. At day one of age, chicks were divided into four groups comprising of 24 birds each, as controls, Ns, BaP-only, and BaP with Ns. The antioxidant function of glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in RBCs hemolysate and liver tissue homogenate in the group receiving BaP alone demonstrated evidence of OS, and oral supplementation of Ns was significantly reduces these alterations with potent effects seen after 21 to 35 days in treated group which is a key finding from this study. It is concluded that exposure to BaP may exert adverse effects on the erythrocyte and liver antioxidant enzymes of broilers which may increase their susceptibility to disease infection, with a disastrous outcome and oral supplementation of Ns was significantly reduces these effects.
Aspiration pump for oocyte recovery from cow's ovaries
Authors: Mansoor Ammar R.
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to improve  application of a new tool for ova or oocyte aspiration from ruminants ovaries . The bovine ovaries used as a model for oocyte recovery . The system were consisted from the following parts ; 1) Aspiration pump ; 2) Manometer as pressure measurements ; 3) Connection plastic tube for air aspiration ; 4) Pressure regulation ; 5) Container for ova collection ; 6) Plastic tube for transport of follicular fluid containing oocyte ; 7) Gauge 18 needle . The system were applied on 26 bovine ovaries , were collected from Al Ramadi slaughter house during the period from Nov. ,2009 to the end of Jan. 2010 . The percent of the recovered oocyte 2.2 ova / for each ovary . The percent  of good , Fair , Poor  grad  oocyte were 66.7% , 14% and 19.3% respectively . It was concluded that we can use this system in ova collection with high success rate .
Anatomical and histological study of the stomach of abomasum of one humped camels (Camelus dromedaries) adult
Authors: Naser Hazem Kareem , Hassan Najah Hashim , Albideri Adnan Waheed
Published: August 2023

The current investigation comprised histological study of fourth compartment (abomasums) of one humped camel’s stomach in adult animals, were included (5) specimens from adults were used.The histological study of fourth compartment (abomasums) of stomach revealed that it lined simple columnar epithelium, it was noted that the lamina propria composed of loose connective tissue.    In the same direction, the results referred that there were three regions in the Lamina propria of fourth compartment, the cardiac region has cardiac glands, fundic region has fundic glands, in which gastric cells were found including mucous neck cells, chief cells, argentaffin cells & parietal cells which constitutes the vast majority of gastric cells. The third region was the pyloric region which contained pyloric glands. The result also showed that all the gastric glands besides the mucous neck cells gave a positive reaction with (PAS) reagent.    The muscularis mucosae appeared more developed in the fourth compartment in which it consisted of an inner layer of circularly arranged muscle fibers, and an outer longitudinal layer. The submucosa was observed consisted of loose connective tissue with different types of blood vessels, fibroblasts & small lymphocyte. The smooth muscle fibers of muscularis externa consisted of an inner layer in which the muscle fibers are arranged circularly & an outer layer in which the fibers run longitudinally. Covering the muscle coat, there is the outermost serous layer which made up of loose connective tissue contained fibroblasts, collagenous & elastic fibers.
Histology of ovine placenta during gestation periods
Authors: Majeed A. F. , Shalal M. S. , Mohammed T. R.
Published: August 2023

Placetomes were collected from 93 pregnant slaughtered Ewes  at different  gestation periods , from AL.Falluja slaughter house during the periods from 2, Jully 2009 to 30, December ,2010 . Tissue specimens for microscopic examination were taken from the centers of the sampled placentomes .Immediately following collection ,the samples were fixed in 10% bufferd neutral formalin for 24 h .Tissue specimens were dehydrated in a graded series of alcohol , cleared by xylol and embded in paraffin .Histologic section were cut at 3-4 µm thickness ,Stained with hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) (6).The period of gestation were measured according to Richardson (7) with aquation of x =2.1(Y+17) as x= gestation period in day and Y=the crown Rump.    Histologic examination during early pregnancy (30 – 40 d) Showed a pronounced BNC with anumbe of nuclei with in each cellular boundary in the uterine epithelium indicates that possible fusions are restricted , It is also there is an increase in blood vascularity. At 40 – 50 d of pregnancy, there was a further increase in caruncular vascularity by 2-fold characterized by increase capillary number and 2 to 3 – fold increase in capillary diameter. Endometrial gland hyperplasia showed during this period . Then placentomes showed grow in number and size until 8oth day. It was shown that the BNCS of the trophoblast increase in size, in polarity and in the number of their cytoplasmic granules as pregnancy advanced.
Some comparative morphometric and histological asspects of Iraqi buffaloes( Bulbus bulbus ) ovaries at sixth and ninth years old in esterous stage
Authors: Naki Zainb Jawad
Published: August 2023

The study conducted on the Iraqi buffalo ovaries in esterous stage at sixth to ninth years old . The study was appeared the buffaloes ovary enclosed by delicate fibrous capsule , the mean thickness in right and left ovary ( 37.5 ± 0.14 , 25± 1.52 , 18.75 ± 0.12, 17.22± 0.51) at respectively .  The ovarian capsule enclosed by simple cuboidal epithelium . The study was revealed the buffalo ovary composed of ovarian cortex and medulla . the cortex was occupied large region when compared with medulla , the mean thickness of cortex in the left and right ovary of the study groups was (5625± 5.28 , 4357 ± 2.5 , 4102 ± 2.62 , 4010± 3.84 ) micrometer at respectively , while the mean thickness of the medulla was( 2875 ± 1.82 , 2375±2.24, 2235± 1.72 2125± 3.95 ) micro meter at respectively in left and right ovary of different age .    The cortex of the buffalo ovary was included three types of ovarian follicles, primary , secondary and Graffian follicles which pass in different stages of development . the diameter of graffian follicles in nine year s old more when compared with sex years old in each right and left ovary ( 498±3.22, 425 ±2.86, 383± 1.14 , 397± 4.81 ) micro meter at respectively . The medulla of ovarian buffalo was characterized by very rich blood vessels supply consist of arteries , veins and their branches and nerves , as well as study was recorded the differences in the mean diameters of blood vessels that nourished the ovarian medulla.
Comparative pathological and cytogenetical study of ethanolic extract of Vinca rosea L. and Vinblastine in treating mammary gland adenocarcinoma implanted mice
Authors: Aqubi Aoula E. , Al-Naimi Rajha S. , Al-Taee Eman H.
Published: August 2023

Pathological, cytogenetical comparative study was the main objectives of this project between the influence of ethanolic extract of Vinca rosea and Vinblastine (vinca alkaloid) as chemotherapy. Fourty female adult Swiss albino balb/C mice of approximately body weight (20-26g) and age (8-10) weeks were used in whole experiments. In cytogenetic study two parameters mitotic index (MI) and blast index   (BI) were used. The results showed significant increase (p‹0.05) in mitotic index (MI) and blast index (BI) values in groups treated with ethanolic extract of Vinca rosea. Also the results showed significant decrease in these values in groups treated with Vinblastine. Histopathological sections in control group showed the presence of tumor growth characterized by formation of acinar like structures, with pleomorphic tumor cells and hyperchromatic nuclei with a tendency to form giant cells and high numbers of mitotic figures with extensive areas of necrosis. The tumor showed metastasis in liver and Lung, with aggregation of tumor associated macrophages in liver. Histopathological sections in groups of tumor-bearing female mice, treated with ethanolic extract, were showed large areas of necrosis, mononuclear cell infiltration and encapsulate with fibrous connective tissue capsule with mononuclear cell infiltrations in lung and formation of early granuloma in liver. In chemotherapy, tissue sections showed vacuolation and necrosis of tumor cells which encapsulated with fibrous connective tissue. The pathological changes characterized by alopecia, and large pneumonic areas with extensive coagulative necrosis and apoptosis in liver with hyperplastic nodules formation. Bone section showed marked depletion of hemopoietic tissue of bone marrow and increased in the number of megakaryocytes, with signs of osteoporosis. We concluded that both ethanolic extract of Vinca rosea and Vinblastine   have cytotoxic effect on transplanted mammary tumor cells in mice, with no side effect in case of Vinca rosea in comparison with vinblastine which cause severe pathological changes in internal target organs with signs of osteoporosis and precancerous lesions, with significant changes in the blood picture and in cytogenetic parameters.
Study the effect of some immunological aspects on Newzealand Rabbits drenched with different concentrations of copper sulfate and zinc
Authors: Abd-Alrazaak Assif H.
Published: August 2023

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of watery solutions of zinc sulfate and copper sulfate on some immunoglobulins and complement, and on the total and differential Leukocyte count in 36 Newzealand rabbits which divided into 6 groups (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6), 6 rabbit for each group had been drenched orally with 1 ml. contained 0.5, 5, 10 mg of zinc sulfate solution for T4, T3, T2 groups, respectively, while T5 and T6 groups drenched with 0.5 and 0.25 mg of copper sulfate solution, respectively, whereas the T1 group allowed without treatment (control).    The results showed significant increase (P<0.05) of immunoglobulin IgM in T4 group in compare to T1, T2, T5. In addition to significant increase of IgM in T3 and T6 in compare to T2, and IgA in T2, T6 to significantly than T1 and T5. In respect to total and differenced Leukocyte count, the results revealed that the Neutrophil count did not affected by the different concentrations of copper sulfate and zinc sulfate whereas the number of Monocytes was increased in T2 in compare to other group. Also, the count of Lymphocytes was increased significantly (P<0.05) in T4 more than that in T1 and also in T5 when compared with T1, T3, T6.
Effect of crude and steroid free bovine follicular fluid on some hematological and biochemical parameters and ovarian development in rats
Authors: AL-Zamely Hayder Abdulkadem , AL-llozy Mohammad Abdulazeez
Published: August 2023

Ovarian growth and function is under the control of pituitary gonadotropins and various local intraovarian factors. The present study has been undertaken to assess the efficacy of crude follicular fluid and steroid free FF taken from bovine ovaries on some hematological aspect as well as ovarian growth and function of mature female Wistar rats. Follicular fluid aspirated from large size Graffian follicles of abattoir – derived bovine ovaries was made cell free by centrifugation and steroid free by charcoal treatment. follicular fluid ‎ has been fractioned using ammonium sulphate precipitation at various saturation levels and then subjected to get filtration chromatography. The 20 – 40% fraction yielded the detectable peak and the average yield of peptide was 0.659 mg/ml of FF . The crude and steroid free FF were tested for effects on some hematological parameters and ovarian and uteri weights, numbers of different types of ovarian follicles and assessment of histophysiological appearance. Twenty four mature female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three equal groups (control and two treatment groups), injected with normal saline (Control), SFFF (T1) and CFF (T2) for 4 consecutive days. At the fifth day, all female rats were anesthetized, dissected and blood samples were obtained for hematological study and ovaries and uteri were removed , weighted and fixed in formalin 10% for histophysiological study .    The results revealed no significant effects in Hb concentration , PCV , AST , concentrations, cholesterol , urea , and glucose concentrations .    On the other hand , the result revealed no effect on uteri and ovarian weights , an increment in the numbers of primary and secondary follicles and a decrement in the number of Graffian follicles . Within each group , the results showed that primary follicles recorded the highest number among the different types of ovarian follicles. While the highest total number of the different types of ovarian follicles were recorded in CFF and SFFF groups compared with control .    The present study demonstrated no side effect on blood constituents as well as the effect of a bovine intrafollicular factor/s regulating ovarian growth and function in rats , especially the development of primary and secondary follicles unlike Graffian follicles which underwent from the inhibition .
Some morphometric and histological description of the seminiferous ,striaghted and rete testis tubules in the testis of indogenous male goats (two years old)
Authors: Mohammed Abdul Hadi Sallal , Kadium Dalal Abdul Husian , Ebed Ashwaq Kadium
Published: August 2023

The present Study was carried out on (15) testis indogenous male goats(two years)old . The testes was surrounded by capsule mean thickness (230±3.5) micrometer.The internal structures of the testes represented by seminiferous tubules mean diameters ( 258±1.9) micrometer.The wall of seminiferous tubules consist of spermatogenic cells and supporting cells(Sertoli cells). The spermatogenic cells  included spermatogonia and primary  spermatocytes (mean diameters 10.5±1.7, 16.3± 2.3) micrometer respectively. Difficult to determine the secondary spermatocytes,due to remain for short time , because they converse quickly to spermatids ,therefore ;diameters of secondary spermatocytes were thought  approximately equal the diameters of spermatids and  spermatids(mean diameter 9.52±1.49) micrometer.The mean diameter of supporting cells was (13 .58±2.11) micrometer.    Among the seminiferous tubules there are interstitial tissue was occupied by  interstitial cells (Leydig´s cells) the  mean diameter (12.32±3.85) micrometer.The seminiferous tubules were opened  into striaghted tubules which lined by epithelium was graduated from  stratified cuboidal  endothelium to simple  cuboidal  endothelium when striaghted tubules  connected with rete testis tubules .The mean diameters of  striaghted tubules were ( 156.3± 2.36) micrometer.The rete testis were lined by simple squamous endothelium(the mean diameter 74±1.48) micrometer.
Efficacy of tramadol as analgesic and mixed with ketamine, xylazine as anesthetic in rabbits
Authors: Abid AL-Redah Sameer A. , Hassan Neeran F.
Published: August 2023

This study were performed to evaluate the efficacy of Tramadol as analgesic and efficacy of  using Tramadol in combination with other drugs like Ketamine and Xylazine in anesthetic protocols in rabbits.    15 adult New Zealand white rabbits divided to 3 equal groups were anesthetized intramuscularly in one syringe, group 1 with Tramadol 15 mg/kg B.W, group 2 with Tramadol 15mg/Kg B.W and Ketamine 30mg/Kg B.W, group 3 with Tramadol 15mg/Kg B.W and Ketamine 30mg/Kg B.W and Xylazine 5mg/Kg B.W, physiologic parameters were evaluated including : body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, muscle relaxation, analgesia and stages of anesthesia ( Induction of anesthesia, surgical anesthesia and recovery time).The most significant changes were reported in G3 (T15K30X5) and this combination is useful regimen clinically for anesthetize rabbits due to the fast of induction anesthesia and the long surgical duration of anesthesia.
Some toxicological impacts and invitro antibacterial activity of Datura innoxia extract in rats
Authors: Al-Sarai Alwan Abed Hamadi , Abbas Duraid A. , Kadhim Al-Rekabi Falah Mosa
Published: August 2023

The  study was carried out to investigate some toxicological effects and in-vitro  antibacterial activity of Datura innoxia dried leaves.The yield percentage of Datura innoxia 95% ethyl alcohol leaves extract was 19%. Phytochemicals analysis of both Datura innoxia leaves powder and  alcoholic extract, indicated the presence of alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, tannins, resins, saponins, flavonoids and steroids which are responsible for toxic and therapeutic effects. The acute toxicological effect of Datura innoxia   ethanolic extract in male rats was  determined by estimation the oral median lethal dose (LD50) by up and down method  was 1214 mg/kg. BW.  The in-vitro antibacterial activity of Datura innoxia ethanolic extract  and its minimum inhibitory concentration activity (MIC)       showed that E. coli   was more sensitive to D.I ethanolic extract  than Staph. aureus, the MIC for D.I extract  against E. coli was less than MIC against Staph. aureus which was 5 and 10 mg/ml respectively, also E. coli was more sensitive to ciprofloxacin .
Reverse effect of laser treatment on hyperthyroidism in female rabbits
Authors: S. AL-Azawi Tahani S.
Published: August 2023

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of Laser treatment on LH, FSH, Progesterone and Cortisol and the relationship between them and after physiological functions in adult female rabbits serum affected with hyperthyroidism. Eighteen adult female rabbits at eight months and weighing (1.2 - 1.8 Kg) were used in this experiment. At the end of the two weeks of adaptation, the rabbits were divided equally into three groups. The first group was given distilled water and used as a control.  The second and third groups were administered orally with L- thyroxine at a dose of 200µg/Kg body weight daily for twenty days. After the induction of hyperthyroidism, the third group was exposed to laser treatment (40J / cm2) at the thyroid gland region for fifteen successive days for ten minutes on each side of the gland. Where as the second ( hyperthyroid ) group was left without laser treatment. Blood samples were collected from ear vein and LH, FSH, Progesterone and cortisol levels in serum were assayed. On the other hand food, water intake, body temperature and weight of all animals were estimated. The result show significant increase in these hormones in the second group with an increase food, water intake and body temperature as compared with control. The relationship between these hormones and thyroid gland was discussed. Laser treatment to the hyperthyroid gland seems to normalize these hormones.
Effect of addition of probiotic and black seeds to Awassi male lambs ration on some body and testes measurements
Authors: A. Alessawi Amer J. , M. Al-Wazeer Anmar A.
Published: August 2023

A study was conducted in private farm in Babylon governorate to evaluate the effect of supplement of  probiotic (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) and Black seeds( Nigella Sativa)  to Awassi male lambs ration  on some body measurements: Chest Girth, Hip Girth, Front Height, Back Height, Testicular Girth, Testicular Length, Body length and Body weight ) in twenty lambs, for 60 days  period  .All lambs  divided randomly into four treatment,  each treatment contains 5 lambs as follow: Treatment 1 (T1):-control basic ration. Treatment 2(T2):-basic ration supplemented with 0.02%probiotic. Treatment 3(T3):-basic ration with substitute 2% soybean meal with 2% Nigella sativa. Treatment 4(4):-last ration supplemented with 0.02% probiotic.    The results of the showed Significant (P<0.05) increase in chest and hip girth for treatment 2,3,4 comparing with control treatment and superiority was in treatment 3.  Significant (P<0.05) increase in front and back height in treatment 3 and also in length and body weight where’s the treatment 1 has lowest in body measurements.      Testes measurements of the male lambs are not significantly increase
The effect of propolis on growth inhibition of Helicobacter pylori isolates from peptic ulcer patient
Authors: S. Ibrahim Arooba M. , Turab Mohammed k.
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study involved isolation of Helicobacter pylori. Mucosal antral biopsy specimens were obtained from 25 patients with peptic ulcer using endoscopic examination from Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital. From each patient, two mucosal antral biopsy specimens were taken and we used to detect Helicobacter pylori using anti-human IgG and biopsy related test which included rapid biopsy urease test and antral biopsy specimens culturing. The H. Pylori isolates were identified by gram stain and biochemical test which included oxidase and catalase tests. The percentage of isolation was 60% and number of isolates was 15 isolates, and  evaluating of the inhibitory effect of crud propolis against bacterial isolates. Five graduated concentrations were prepared propolis 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/ml and its activity was checked up by agar well diffusion method. The concentration of propolis exhibit proportionality with zone of inhibition of H. pylori. The propolis at concentration 100 and 200 mg/ml was significant activity in comparison with antibacterial used in this study at (P<0.001) for each of clarithromycin (100µg), spiromycin (100µg) and trimethoprim (5µg) which were exhibited best activity from each other antibacterial which have been used.
The effect of coffee consumption on liver function in adult male rabbits
Authors: Mohammad Ali Sabreen Majeed Mohammad Ali
Published: August 2023

This study was carried out on 10 adult male Rabbits to investigate  the effect of Coffee at a dose  ( 100 mg/ Kg B.W. / day) orally on the liver function by measuring the Liver enzymes such as [Glutamic Oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) , Glutamic Pyruvic Transminase (GPT) , Total serum Billirubin  (TSB) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)].  This study was lasted for one month and blood samples was taken at the end of the 2nd week and 4th week for determination the biochemical parameters.(GOT/GPT/ALP/TSB)    The results showed that a significant increasing (P < 0.05) in the level of GPT, GOT and ALP enzymes in2nd&4th weeks in treated group as compared with the Control group with no significant increasing  (P < 0.05) in the TSB level in treated group as compared with the Control group.    That indicate the stimulatory effect of Coffee on liver functions.Key word: Coffee, Caffeine, GPT, GOT , TSB ,. ALP.
Study the effect aqueous and alcoholic extracts of green tea on some bacterial isolates from infections of urinary tracts
Authors: Abed Bassam Ali , Khyoon Hussein Ali
Published: August 2023

Collected 100 samples from patients infected with generation of urinary tract infection acute and chronic, isolated 85 bacterial isolates them, and diagnosed to the following types using biochemical tests and test the API, has been diagnosed by the E.coli (20%), K.pneumoniae (15%), and the genus Enterobacter cloacae (10%), and the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5%), while the isolates were positive for the dye Cram One was Staphylococcus aureus (10%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis by (8%). Isolates tested for sensitivity (10) an antibiotic, bacterial isolates have shown a difference in the rates of resistance to these antibiotics.    Bacterial isolates were selected on the basis of the most frequency in urinary tract infections and their resistance to the impact of antibiotics that are: (E. coli and K.pneumoniae Enterobacter cloacae and Ps.aeruginosa and, Staph.aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis). The selection effect of water and alcoholic extracts of green tea leaves in the growth of the isolates at concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100) mg / ml. The results showed that alcoholic extract of the plant cold green tea is more efficient than the other extracts influencing on the growth of pathogenic bacteria by used (The Agar – Well Diffusion Method).
Preparation and in-vitro evaluation of floating microspheres of gabapentin
Authors: Al-Abadi Ahmed N. , Abdul Rassol Alaa A.
Published: August 2023

Gabapentin dosage form could be designed to release the drug in the stomach at a rate providing the maximum amount of drug absorbable by the upper intestinal segment using the multiple- unit floating system to increase the gastric residence time (GRT) of the dosage forms. The floating microspheres were prepared by the solvent evaporation method using polymers ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate. The microspheres were characterized for their particle size, shape, percentage yield, drug entrapment, buoyancy ratio, drug- polymer interaction and in-vitro drug release kinetics.  In addition, effects of the polymer type, polymer: drug ratio, solvent system compositions and temperature on the microspheres characteristics were studied. Investigations using optical microscope revealed spherical shape microspheres, with a size range at (45-1050µm), as well as high yield (99%), high drug entrapment (98%), high buoyancy ratio (≥95) and no drug-polymer interaction. A modified release rate (reach ten hours) was obtained.
Detection of biofilm formation among the mastitis isolates of Staphylococci by evaluation of three different screening methods
Authors: Fiadh Hadeel M.
Published: August 2023

Internalization and biofilm formation  is an important step in staphylococcal mastitis pathogenesis . Twenty  five staphylococcal isolates  of coagulase negative and coagulase positive  were collected from clinical mastitis in cows, and biofilm production were studied for these isolate by three different methods. Tube method , tissue culture plate and Congo red agar method. The first two methods were used to study effect of glucose addition as source of polysaccharides that important in biofilm formation. The results  showed significant increase in biofilm formation by addition of glucose in staphylococci coagulase negative  diagnosed by tissue culture plate method. Congo red agar method results showed  increase number of positive isolates by increasing  incubation time. The results showed  that tissue culture plate method (Spectrophotometric method) was the best method for the diagnosis of biofilm formation in comparison with both tube method and Congo red agar method.
The Effects of Waste Products of generators exhausts on Foam Gland in Male Japanese Quail (contunix conurnix) Anatomical and Histological study
Authors: Reshag A. F. , Abood Dhyaa Ab.
Published: August 2023

This study had been made to detect the gross and histological changes of cloacal gland (foam gland) in Fourty males of Japanese quail which exposed to waste products of generator exhausts with different periods. The Fourty males Japanese quail were divided into four groups showed that, a mild foam production of cloacal glands with mild atrophy was observed in third group which exposed to exhaust for a period of 20 days. The cloacal glands were atrophied, and no foam production was appeared in the first and second groups which exposed to exhaust for a period of 40 and 60 days, while normal glandular size and heavy foam production was noticed in the fourth group (control group). The histological changes of cloacal gland in the first and second groups revealed atrophy of its secretory units and the lining of these secretory units were flat epithelial cells. Beside, the septa and the interstitial connective tissue were thick. The lining secretory units of the cloacal gland in the third group showed low cuboidal cells with slightly thickened of the lamina properia and the interstitial connective tissue. While the cloacal gland of control group showed features of normal glandular histology were their secretory units lined by simple columnar epithelium. These cells have negative PAS stain granules. The lamina properia in the control group was thick with well vascularized connective tissue.
Morphological and microscopical comparison features of Bacillus cereus isolates
Authors: Hussein Abdul-Hadi A. , Abdul A’al Nadia Ibrahim , Dfsdfs Osama Abdul-AlRazak
Published: August 2023

Fifty seven samples of milk and infant formula were taken to isolate Bacillus cereus. There were 21.55% in milk and 22.5% in infant formula. Polymyxine pyruvate egg yolk mannitol bromothymol blue agar (PEMBA) and blood agar were conducted to grow B. cereus in this study. Colony morphology onPEMBA and Blood agar were used along with gram staining and spore staining methods to compare the morphological and microscopically features with the standard strain. The importance of intensity and severity of this organism in food poisoning due to ingestion of incriminated milk and milk products led to this study.    The understanding of the presence and distribution of B. cereus discovered the contamination spots inBaghdad markets and the farms inBaghdad districts to make the authorities able to diagnose these contamination areas in order to control and prevent the infection.    The aim of this study is to reveal the availability of B. cereus in milk and infant formula in the local dairy farms and the markets of the districts inBaghdad.
Role of nature and number of parturition in the incidence of uterine prolapse in dairy cows in north Iraq
Authors: Kather Nooralden Yassin
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted in the specialized vet. clinic in reproductive diseases and artificial insemination, in Balad region in Saladin province in the northernIraq.    This study included72 cows have uterine prolapse, the number of multipara cows that have uterine prolapse was 49( 68.06%). While the primipara cows with uterine prolapse were23(31.94%), with significant difference between two groups at (<0.01).    This study showed that the difficult male parturitions in multipara cows was 23(71.88%)and the normal male parturitions in this group was 9(28.12%). These results were  significantly difference between two groups at( p<0.01). The total percentage of uterine prolapse that accompanied the male parturitions in multi para cows was 65.31%. While the number of difficult  female parturitions  was 12(70.59%) in this  group of cows, and the number of normal female parturitions was 5(29.41%). With significant difference at (P<0.01).and the total percentage of uterine prolapse associated with female parturition in the same cows was 34.69%. the study indicated that the number of difficult male parturitions in primipara cows was 9(69.23%), and the number of normal male parturitions was 4(30.77%) in this group of cows , with significant difference between two groups at(P<0.01).and the total percentage of uterine prolapse accompanied male parturitions in primipara was 56.53% .While the number of difficult female parturitions in primipara cows was 7(70%), and the number of normal female parturitions was 3(30%). These results were significantly difference at (P<0.01). with total percentage of uterine prolapse related to female parturitions in this group was 43.47%.    Conclusion: it is concluded from this study that the number of parturitions increases the probability of incidence of uterine prolapse, hence the uterine prolapse is more commonly in multipara cows, and the dystocia for both sexes of fetus play an important role in its incidence.
Occurrence of Escherichia coli in Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in Najaf City
Authors: Fakhriddeen Ali J.
Published: August 2023

The study was designed to determine E.coli as etiological organism for UTI in some patients & its antibiotics sensitivity pattern. The urine samples suspected with bacteriuria were collected from 130 subjects. A total of 19 isolates from E.coli were diagnosed. Susceptibility testing for 13 antimicrobials was done. The results were analyzed statistically& showed that infection rate in females was higher than males (significant ). Also infection rate in aged groups were significantly higher in 20-29 years ,& 30-39 years .Infection rate in urban individuals had complete ratio in contrast of rural individuals .   Our data also revealed that infection rate in housewife women was the highest( significant ),but it was the less in other jobs. The results of sensitivity test appeared that most of used antibiotics were unaffected on E.coli isolates with exception of  amikacin ,meropenem ,& ciprofloxacin respectively. Since, cefoxitin was unaffected on all E.coli isolates absolutely.
Effect of Toxoplasmosis on some biochemical parameters in aborted Women in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Governorate
Authors: Al-Awad Haitham Mohammed , Ali Al-Jalal Sanaa Mohammed
Published: August 2023

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of infection of women with toxoplasmosis on some serum biochemical parameters. 180 samples of blood were collected from aborted women . The percentage of toxoplasma infection depending Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to the antibodies IgG and IgM were 42.77%. The results of biochemical analysis showed that infection with toxoplasma caused significant elevation of Nitric Oxide, Malondialdehyde, copper, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase enzymes. Aswell as the concentrations of Gluthanione, calcium and zinc were reduced . Where as the activity of alkaline phosphatase did not show any significant difference between aborted women and control group.
Study the effect of coloration diet on Broiler Performance
Authors: N. AL-Sharafi Nabeel M. , A. AL-Sharafi Mohammed R. , Al-Kabbi Haider tuma
Published: August 2023

The Effect of coloration feed on body weight & feed intake of broiler chickens. The objective of the study was to investigate the colcration of the feed by uses four colours feed (red,yellow,green and blue) on the body weight & feed intake of broiler chickens A total of 50 chicks of one-day fawbro broiler chicks as hatched were divided in to 5 equal group & equal in sex and added one of colour feed in to feed of the one of group and leave tee last group as acontrol group (given anormal feed not coloration).    The mean body weight of red feed group was increase (286.3) gm comparative with the mean body weight of control group & (107.9) gm between red feed group and blue food group beside red feed group , (165.8)gm between red feed group and green feed group beside red food group ,(188.1) gm between red feed group and yellow feed group beside red feed group .     The mean of feed intake was increas significantly in group of red feeds over control group in all weeks of test & on colour group in more weeks of test.
Investigation of some diseases of carp at Al-Shamiya city/Iraq
Authors: Aziz Abd Alaa Abdul , Abdul wahab Hussam Muhsen
Published: August 2023

The present study was conducted during (March,April,May,June ,July and August-2009) months to investigate some diseases infected the carp fish at Al shamiya city/Diwaniya provence,715 samples of common carp ,grass carp and silver carp were examined from local market and fish farms .    The diagnosis based on case history, clinical& necropsy findings , bacterial culture and wet mount .    Recorded results shows, there are 46(6.43%) cases of acute and chronic form of  heamorrhagic septicemia , 57(7.97%)caeses of bacterial enteritis, 76 (10.63%)of anchor worms( Lernaea),4 (0.56%) of lice infestation, 3 (0.4%) of cestodes and 65 (9%) cases of Diplostomum spp., the total  infection are 251(35.1%) from 715 investigated samples.    The study showed there are diversity forms of diseases among carp spp. in which the percentage of parasitic infections is the most abundant form of diseases(20.7%) followed by  diseases caused by bacterial infections (14.4%) .
The pathogenesis of experimental infection by Staphylococcus aureus in rabbits
Authors: Mahdee AL-Nakeeb Nawras Kadhum
Published: August 2023

The present study was carried out on experimental infected rabbit with Staphylococcus aureus to study some aspects of pathogenesis of staphylococcal infection. Twelve rabbit were randomly divided into two equal groups: group1 (treated group) were inoculated subcutaneously with (0.5ml) of bacterial inocula contain (30x1010) CFU and group2 (control). Blood samples were taking to evaluate some of blood parameters include: WBC counts,(LYM., Mon.and GRA.) percentage, Mon.#,GRA.#,RBC counts, HB, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, PLT counts, MPV, PCT and PDW. Most clinical signs noticed in treated group were: mild fever, depression, decreased appetite, respiratory distress and abscess formation in some cases at site of injection. Also the P.M. lesion included: congestion of internal organs (liver, lung) and signs of pneumonia. Histopathological investigations were carried on liver, lung and bone. The statistical analysis revealed that there were significant increased in WBC count and GRA % (P<0.05) in treated group as compared with control. The MCV, MCH, MCHC and RDW (P<0.05) showed significant differences between groups. The PLT counts and PCT (P<0.05) revealed significant decreased in treated group as compared with control. Other parameters studied did not show significant differences between two groups. Histopathological study revealed that there were: hydropic degeneration, necrosis and occluded of bile sinusoid with bile pigment in the livers of infected animals, in lung: there were edema, hemorrhage and necrosis with thickening of the wall of alveoli and infiltration of inflammatory cells and in bone there were sever necrosis of osteoblast, osteoclast and osteocyte cells in the infected animals.
Histopathological observations about the effect of pure nicotine in different doses on ovaries of albino rats
Authors: Al – Eqeely Shatha Atta
Published: August 2023

The aim of present study was detected the effect of pure nicotine on the histological structure of rat ovaries cortex . In this study was used (24 ) good healthy adult female rats were divided into three groups each group includes (8) animals : The 1st.  experimental group was injected (4) mg of pure nicotine subcutaneously ( s/c ) twice daily .The 2nd. experimental group was injected ( 8 ) mg of pure nicotine ( s/c ) twice daily , while the 3 rd. control group was injected physiological normal saline (0.9 NaCl 2). The experimental period was  ( 8 ) weeks .    The histopathological observations in the 1st. experimental group was appeared as follow, degenerative changes and disarrangement in the follicular cells & distribution of granulose cells in the follicular fluid .In the 2 nd. experimental group the histopathological changes was include , failure in development of the primary follicles into growing follicles & spread of granulose cells in the antrum within the follicular fluid , as well as vasculization of the follicular fluid & fibrosis was happened in some growing follicles , also the number of atretic follicles was found in the cortex of the ovary .
A study effect of age of dam and sex of birth on chemical and physical composition of milk in some farm animals
Authors: Taher N. K. , Hassan H. J. , Mohammad B. J.
Published: August 2023

This study was carried out at AL-Qadisiya Governorate/ AL-Shinafia district during a period from July- September 2010  to evaluate the effect of age of dam and sex of birth on physico-chemical composition of milk in some farm animals(cows ,sheep and goats). by using ultra-sonic milk Analyzer to analysis of physico-chemical composition of milk. A total of (153) samples of milk were used in this study distributed in to (54) samples for cows, (53) samples for sheep and (46) samples for goats. These samples were collected from animals directly and kept in ice box during transportation to the laboratory to analysis. Results of this study showed that milk of sheep and goats didn’t differ significantly as compared with cows milk in (PH, Density, Solid not fat).But differed significantly (P˂0.05) in other components. The study revealed that sheep milk contain the highest Ash(0.74%) while cow milk had lactose (4.25%) , but goat milk had the highest solid not fat (8.27%) and protein (3.37%). The study showed that there was no significant effect of sex of birth on physico-chemical composition of milk of cows, sheep and goats with exception the effect of it on lactose percentage in sheep. Age of dam didn’t effect on most physico-chemical composition of milk of cow and goat and some chemical composition of sheep milk (Ash and Fat).
Potentiate the anticancer effect of Methotrexate by Zingiber officinale Roscoe extract
Authors: Fakhri Salar Ayad , A. Latif Abdul Razzak , Al- Khafaji Batool Amein
Published: August 2023

This project considered an explorer study for the effect of crude extracts of Zingiber officinale on two cell lines, one was cancer cell lines, and the other was normal cell lines as well as study its potentiating effect on anti-tumor activity of methotrexate.    The aqueous extract was prepared from dried rhizome of Z. officinale yields of extraction was 10%. Study the cytotoxic activity of the prepared extract on cancer cell lines mouse breast 4TI and normal cell line (human embryo kidney HEK293 in ten concentrations of two fold dilution begin with 4000 μg/ml until 7.81 μg/ml for extract and starting with 500 μg/ml until 0.976 μg/ml for methotrxate, at 48 hours of exposure.   After the end of exposure of each cell lines to extract, the microtitration plates were washed and treated by crystal violet stain and the optical density of the plate wells were read by the ELISA reader at wave length of 495 nm used as parameter for the viability of cell line. The results showed that the aqueous extract exhibited significant concentration-dependent, specific inhibitory effects on 4TI malignant cell line in comparison with control and the cytotoxic effect increased according to the concentration. The extracts produced little cytotoxic effects on normal HEK293 cell line, when compared to mthotrexate which produced inhibitory effects on normal HEK293 cell line. In this study was showed that the cytotoxic effect of Methotrexat on 4TI cell line enhanced when given with Z. officinale extract together.
Study of acariasis in cattle and ticks resistance against cypermethrin in Al-Najaf province
Authors: Al-Ramahi Haider M.
Published: August 2023

The present study was carried out at September 2010 to evaluated tick infestation of cattle in Al-Najaf province with diagnosis of cypermethrin resistance by using FAO larval packet test and modified larval packet test. The result showed that the infestation rate of acariasis was 54.34%. The identification of ticks revealed that 55.06% of collected ticks were Hayaloma spp., while the percentage of Boophilus spp. and Rhipicephalus spp. Were 31.86% and 13.08% respectively. According to site of infestation, the highest percentage was recorded in udder 45%, followed by perineal region 25%, head –neck 18% and others 7%.    The LPT results showed there was no significant variation (P≤0.01) between the mortality rates of Boophilus (96.42%) and Hyaloma (96.72%) at recommended dose. In other hand, the MLPT method showed that the mortality rate of Boophilus larvae at recommended and double recommended doses were 94.82% and 98.04% respectively, while all the Hyaloma larvae were killed at the recommended dose.