bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intensive Coastal Shrimp Aquaculture Reduces Zooplankton Abundance and Diversity in the Aquaculture Ponds
Authors: Tran Ngoc Nguyen , Tran Tam T. , Nguyen Duc Thanh , Truong Trinh Si – Hai , Nguyen Anh Tuan
Published: September 2022

In shrimp aquaculture systems, zooplankton represent a potential food source for larvae and juveniles due to its high nutritional value and size-suitability. Although many studies investigated zooplankton community in various aquaculture systems, little knowledge exists on how this varies among different culture systems. Here, we investigated how zooplankton abundance, diversity and density differ among three shrimp culture systems, namely extensive, semi-intensive and intensive. In total, 28 zooplankton species of 7 different groups were recorded. Copepods, rotifers and decapods were dominant groups, accounting for more than 80% of total zooplankton density. Brachionus plicatilis was the most abundant species. A key finding was that species richness and diversity were higher in extensive and semi-intensive culture than in intensive culture. Zooplankton density was highest (106 ind/m3) in extensive systems which was 3 and 8 times higher than in intensive and semi-intensive systems, respectively. Density of zooplankton was lowest (4886 ind/m3 in May) in the early stage of culture but notably higher in the later stage (8.9 × 105 ind/m3 in June and 5.9 × 105 ind/m3 in July). This is probably because the zooplankton community in the culture systems experienced a high predation pressure by cultured organisms during the early stage but were gradually less preyed upon over time. The obtained findings suggest that zooplankton assemblages in the ponds appeared to be an important food source for cultured organisms, especially during the early stage. It would be beneficial to establish an abundant assemblage of zooplankton in shrimp culture system prior to stocking.
«Study of 32 new phage tail-like bacteriocins (pyocins) from a clinical collection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and of their potential use as typing markers and antimicrobial agents»
Authors: Blasco Lucía , Aledo Manuel González , Ortiz-Cartagena Concha , Blériot Inés , Pacios Olga , López María , Fernández-García Laura , Barrio-Pujante Antonio , Hernández-Garcia Marta , Cantón Rafael , Tomás María
Published: September 2022

Phage tail-like bacteriocins (PTLBs) are large proteomic structures similar to the tail phages. These structures function in bacterial competition by making pores in the membrane of their competitors. The PTLBs identified in Pseudomonas pneumoniae are known as R and F pyocins, which have a narrow spectrum of action. Their specificity is determined by the tail fiber and is closely related to the lipopolysaccharide type of the target competitor strain.
In this study, the genome sequences of 32 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa clinical isolates were analysed to investigate the presence of R and F pyocins, and one was detected in all strains tested. The pyocins were classified into 4 groups on the basis of the tail fiber and also the homology, phylogeny and structure of the cluster components. A relationship was established between these groups and the sequence type and serotype of the strain of origin and finally the killing spectrum of the representative pyocins was determined showing a variable range of activity between 0 and 37.5%. The findings showed that these pyocins could potentially be used for typing clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, on the basis of their genomic sequence and cluster structure, and also as antimicrobial agents.
Purification and partial characterization of a thermostable peroxidase isoenzyme from Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) seedlings
Authors: MBASSI Yves MANN ELATE LEA , BEBANDOUE Marie Solange EVEHE , Mbacham Wilfred Fon
Published: September 2022

Background:
Some applications of peroxidases imply reactions proceeding at high temperatures. In our previous studies, thermostable peroxidase isoenzymes were detected in the seedlings of Vigna sp. One of these isoperoxidases (named peroxidase A6) especially had a great activity in these seedlings. Its isolation and characterization is thus necessary for a thorough study of its biotechnological potential.
Results:
Peroxidase A6 was purified from Bambara groundnut seedling roots by a combination of gel filtration on Sephadex G-100, heat treatment, CM-cellulose chromatography and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. It has a molecular weight of about 41 kDa and exhibits a great activity toward the oxidation of O-dianisidine, ABTS, TMB, DAB and OPD at acid optimum pH (pH 3 for ABTS, pH 4 for OPD and pH 6 for the others) and toward the reduction of H2O2. Apparent Km values for these substrates were respectively 3.50 mM, 0.12 mM, 1.81 mM, 0.05 mM, 17.22 mM and 2.53 mM; catalytic efficiencies were 5.12×104 mM-1.min-1, 2.22×106 mM-1.min-1, 1.59×105 mM-1.min-1, 1.82×105 mM-1.min-1, 3.17×105 mM-1.min-1and 1.79×106 mM-1.min-1. It has an optimum temperature of activity around 60°C, and its heat inactivation fit to the first-order kinetics, with half-lives of 3.06 weeks, 13.5 hours, 15 min and 3.5 min at 50°C, 70°C, 80°C and 90°C respectively. The calculated activation energy (E) for its thermal inactivation was found to be 221.5 KJ/mol at pH 8. It loose only 5% of its initial activity over a period of 4 months. Mg2+ inhibits the activity of the enzyme. The Ca2+ions greatly increase the stability of this peroxidase at 80 °C, while Mn2+and Zn2+ reduce it. The enzyme is inhibited by sodium azide at concentrations above 1 µM with an IC50value around 10 µM. This inhibition, in addition to the RZ value (A403nm/A280nm) evaluated at 2.4 confirms the presence at its active site of a heme group common to class III peroxidases.
Conclusion:
The unusual catalytic and thermal characteristics of peroxidase A6 could make it a potent tool in several biotechnological applications, especially as part of kit for enzyme immunoassays and clinical diagnosis.
Hemolytic Iron Regulation in Traumatic Brain Injury and Alcohol Use
Authors: Agas Agnieszka , Ravula Arun Reddy , Ma Xiaotang , Cheng Yiming , Belfield Kevin D. , Haorah James
Published: September 2022

Hemorrhage is a major component of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Red blood cells, accumulated at the hemorrhagic site, undergo hemolysis upon energy depletion and release free iron into the central nervous system. This iron must be managed to prevent iron neurotoxicity and ferroptosis. As prior alcohol consumption is often associated with TBI, we examined iron regulation in a rat model of chronic alcohol feeding subjected to fluid percussion induced TBI. We found that alcohol consumption prior to TBI altered the expression profiles of the lipocalin 2/heme oxygenase 1/ferritin iron management system. Notably, unlike TBI alone, TBI following chronic alcohol consumption sustained the expression of all three regulatory proteins for 1-, 3-, and 7-days post-injury. In addition. alcohol significantly affected TBI-induced expression of ferritin light chain at 3-days post injury. We also found that alcohol affected TBI-induced activation of microglia at 7-days post-injury. Finally, we propose that microglia may also play a role in iron management through red blood cell clearance.
Der Staat als Anbieter neuer Mobilitätsformen?
Authors: Zumsteg Patrice Martin
Published: September 2022

In den letzten Jahren geriet die Post-Tochter PubliBike AG immer wieder in die Schlagzeilen, bis schliesslich vor wenigen Monaten ihr Verkauf verkündet wurde. Anhand der Unternehmensgeschichte der PubliBike AG wird vorliegend ein Vorschlag präsentiert, wie privatwirtschaftliche Staatstätigkeit grundrechtlich erfasst und so einer rechtsstaatlichen Überprüfung zugeführt werden könnte. Dabei ist zwischen der Aufnahme einer privatwirtschaftlichen Tätigkeit und der Ausübung einer solchen zu differenzieren. Beide Formen staatlichen Handelns können eine mittelbare Einschränkung der Wirtschaftsfreiheit (Art. 27 i.V.m. Art. 94 BV) zur Folge haben. Entsprechend müsste der wirtschaftende Staat sein Tun am Massstab von Art. 36 BV rechtfertigen.

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La filiale de la Poste PubliBike SA, dont la vente a été annoncée il y a quelques mois, a régulièrement fait la une des journaux ces dernières années. En se basant sur l'histoire de l'entreprise PubliBike SA, l'article vise à interroger l'activité étatique d'économie privée sous l'angle des droits fondamentaux, la soumettant ainsi au contrôle de l'Etat de droit. Il convient dès lors de faire une distinction entre le lancement d'une activité économique privée et l'exercice de celle-ci. Ces deux formes d'activité étant susceptibles d'entraîner une restriction indirecte à la liberté économique (art. 27 Cst. en relation avec l'art. 94 Cst.), l'Etat devrait les justifier à l'aune de l'art. 36 Cst.
Higher central charges and topological boundaries in 2+1-dimensional TQFTs
Authors: Kaidi Justin , Komargodski Zohar , Ohmori Kantaro , Seifnashri Sahand , Shao Shu-Heng
Published: September 2022

A 2+1-dimensional topological quantum field theory (TQFT) may or may
not admit topological (gapped) boundary conditions. A famous necessary,
but not sufficient, condition for the existence of a topological
boundary condition is that the chiral central charge
c_-c−
has to vanish. In this paper, we consider conditions associated with
``higher" central charges, which have been introduced recently in
the math literature. In terms of these new obstructions, we identify
necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a topological
boundary in the case of bosonic, Abelian TQFTs, providing an alternative
to the identification of a Lagrangian subgroup. Our proof relies on
general aspects of gauging generalized global symmetries. For
non-Abelian TQFTs, we give a geometric way of studying topological
boundary conditions, and explain certain necessary conditions given
again in terms of the higher central charges. Along the way, we find a
curious duality in the partition functions of Abelian TQFTs, which begs
for an explanation via the 3d-3d correspondence.
Renormalization group and effective potential: a simple non-perturbative approach
Authors: Gaite Jose
Published: September 2022

We develop a simple non-perturbative approach to the calculation of a
field theory effective potential that is based on the Wilson or exact
renormalization group. Our approach follows Shepard et al.’s idea [Phys.
Rev. D51, 7017 (1995)] of converting the exact renormalization group
into a self-consistent renormalization method. It yields a simple second
order differential equation for the effective potential. The equation
can be solved and its solution is compared with other non-perturbative
results and with results of perturbation theory. In three dimensions, we
are led to study the sextic field theory (\lambda\phi^4+g\phi^6λϕ4+gϕ6).
We work out this theory at two-loop perturbative order and find the
non-perturbative approach to be superior.
Treating diabetic macular edema: comparative efficacy of 577 nm laser navigation exposure and threshold 532 nm laser coagulation combined with anti-angiogenic therapy
Authors: Krylova I. A. , Yablokova N. V. , Fabrikantov O. L.
Published: September 2022

The Navilas 577 laser system integrates a laser coagulator with a tracking system and a fundus camera. The system ensures operation planning and representing the results of optical coherence tomography on the fundus image, which makes the treatment fast, clearly observable and safe and minimizes damage to healthy tissues.

Purpose. To compare the results of threshold laser coagulation in the treatment of DME using a Navilas 577 laser and a Quantel Medical 532 nm device.

Materials and methods. 64 patients aged 41–80 (64 eyes) with DME less than 350 μm high were examined after intravitreal administration of angiogenesis inhibitors and threshold lattice laser coagulation using Quantel Medical 532 and Navilas 577.

Results. A lower height of the edema and an increase in visual acuity were observed in both cases, but in the Navilas 577 laser group the BCVA was higher than in Quantel Madical 532, whilst the edema height in the Navilas 577 laser group in the central fovea area was less high.

Conclusion. 1. The combination of retinal laser coagulation and angiogenesis inhibitors in the treatment of low DME (less than 350 μm) provides good results, so it can be justified and expedient in real clinical practice. The efficiency of 577 nm navigation laser exposure was found to be higher than that of threshold 532 nm laser coagulation.
The effectiveness of additional medical management of patients in the early stages after reconstructive interventions on the auxiliary apparatus of the eye: assessment of changes in the tissues of the ocular surface and eyelids
Authors: Filatova I. A. , Shemetov S. A. , Kondratieva Yu. P.
Published: September 2022

Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combination therapy using the moisturizing ophthalmic solution, Hyloparin-Comod®, and the lubricating ophthalmic agent Parin-Pos® in complex medical management in the early stages after reconstructive interventions on the auxiliary apparatus of the eye.

Material and methods. The clinical group consisted of 30 patients (40 eyes) aged 18 to 75 (m = 58.46 ± 7.31), of which 7 (23.3 %) were men; and 23 (74.7 %) women. Of these, 18 patients had ptosis of the upper eyelid (of which 10 had bilateral ptosis), 8 had inversion of the eyelids and 4 had eversion. All patients underwent reconstructive plastic surgery on the auxiliary apparatus of the eye: ptosis of the upper eyelid was treated by various methods depending on its type: 18 patients received plastic surgery of the levator aponeurosis (in 8 cases on both eyes; simultaneously, blepharochalasis resection was performed), 4 patients underwent levator shortening, 4 patients underwent eyebrow suspension (of these, 2 patients had the procedure on both eyes, hanging to the eyebrow – 4 operations (both eyes were operated on in two patients), 2 had tarzomyectomy; 8 had elimination of inversion, and 4 had elimination of eversion. In the postoperative period, instillations of antiseptics and antibiotics were supplemented by tear replacement and keratoprotective therapy: Hyloparin-Comod® was instilled 3 times during the day, while Parin-Pos® ointment was placed under and on the eyelids before going to bed. The course of treatment lasted 1 month. All patients underwent a standard ophthalmological examination before surgery as well as 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months after surgery. The criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment were the condition of the eyelid skin on a pointwise scale (Manchester scar scale), the result of biomicroscopy / biomicroscopy with fluorescein staining of the conjunctiva and cornea, Norn test.

Results. In all cases of the use of Hyloparin-Comod® and Parin-Pos® combination, good subjective tolerability was noted, the patients had no complaints of discomfort due to the use of drops or ointment.

Conclusion. The results obtained demonstrate that the proposed combination of drugs contributes to improving the favorable condition of eyelid skin and wound healing with the formation of a delicate scar, rapid resolution of conjunctival and eyelid swelling, prevention of corneal microerosions, minimization of corneal epithelial edema and tear film stability.
Epidemiology of neoplasms of the eye and adnexa in Orenburg region
Authors: Aprelev A. E. , Abdulgazizova Z. F. , Zakirova I. I. , Aprelev A. A.
Published: September 2022

Purpose. To analyze the incidence of neoplasms of the eye and its appendages among residents of the Orenburg region, and determine its structure and dynamics within a 5-year period (2013 to 2017).

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of morbidity of patients of the polyclinic and the 2nd ophthalmological department of Orenburg Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 was performed for the patients aged 4 months to 90 years.

Results. Over the analyzed period (2013-2017) the incidence of oncological diseases of the eye and adnexa fell by 42 %. On the other hand, the share of malignant neoplasms increased by 40.3 %. On the whole, out-patients with neoplasms showed 68.6 % of basal cell carcinomas and 31.4 % of other malignancies, while hospitalized patients showed 58 % of basal cell carcinomas, 23.7 % of uveal melanomas and 18.3 % of other malignancies. Oncopathology of the eye and adnexa was found to affect women twice as often as men.

Conclusion. The obtained results may be used to assess the changes of the morbidity for Orenburg region in prospective and retrospective aspects, as well as assess, by extrapolation, the incidence of the pathology under study in other Russian areas.
Optical and biometric indicators of the eye in children with juvenile glaucoma combined with myopia
Authors: Khamroeva Yu. A. , Khamraeva L. S.
Published: September 2022

Purpose. To analyze optical and biometric indicators of children's eyes with various stages of congenital juvenile glaucoma (CJG) combined with myopia.

Material and methods. We examined 17 patients (31 eyes) aged 11 to 17 (averagely 14.0 ± 0.2 years) diagnosed with CYG who underwent, prior to surgical or conservative treatment, a regular ophthalmological examination supplemented with the measurement of the central corneal thickness (on an automatic contactless tonometer-pachymeter by NIDEK, USA), and the index of corneal deformation (ICD) by the Shkrebets technique.

Results. The analysis showed a possible correlation between 1) tonometric intraocular pressure (Pt) and the axial length of the eye, 2) Pt and the ratio of excavation to optic disk diameter (E/ON), 3) axial length of the eye and the central corneal thickness at the terminal CYG stage, and 4) the axial length and the refraction at the initial stage of CYG.

Conclusion. As the glaucomatous process progresses, children with CYG combined with myopia show an increase of myopic refraction, a decrease in fibrous membrane rigidity, pretrabecular and trabecular changes, axial elongation, increased IOP due to an imbalance between the production of intraocular fluid and its outflow, an expansion of the excavation of the optic disk and a decrease in the central corneal thickness.
Experimental assessment of the impact of high acoustic power ultrasound diagnostics on animal eyes
Authors: Zaitsev M. S. , Kiseleva T. N. , Lugovkina K. V. , Balatskaya N. V. , Jani E. V. , Seliverstova K. E.
Published: September 2022

Purpose: to study the impact of diagnostic ultrasound of high acoustic power on animal eye tissues in the experiment.

Material and methods. 46 Chinchilla rabbits (92 eyes) were divided into the main group of 38 rabbits (76 eyes) and the control group of 8 rabbits (16 intact eyes). Animals of the main group were exposed for 30 minutes, through closed eyes, to high-intensity ultrasound (MI 0.9–1.0, TI 1.5–2.0, Ispta.3 50 mW/cm2) by colour Doppler imaging and pulsed Doppler. All animals of this group had corneal thickness measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) before and immediately after exposure to ultrasound (20 rabbits) and also 2 weeks later (18 rabbits). During the same time span, the content of heat shock proteins HSP27 (HSPB1), HSP60 (HSPD1) and inflammatory mediators: monocytic chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in blood serum and vitreous was determined. Histopathological examinations of the enucleated eyes of rabbits with morphological and morphometric assessment of retinal tissues were performed on the 1st day and 2 weeks after exposure to ultrasound.

Results. Immediately after ultrasound exposure and 2 weeks later OCT data reflected no structural changes in the cornea. Quantitative assessment of the levels of HSPD1, HSPB1, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 in blood serum and vitreous did not reveal statistically significant changes after ultrasound exposure. A morphological study including an assessment of morphometric characteristics revealed the absence of apoptotic changes in the layers of the retina at different times after exposure to high-intensity ultrasound.

Conclusions. We established no immediate or delayed bioeffects of high acoustic power diagnostic ultrasound exposure lasting up to 30 minutes on the biological media and ocular tissues of animals.
Understanding Hadith: Exoteric and Esoteric Dimensions by al-Ḥakīm al-Tirmiżī, al-Ghazālī, and Ibn al-‘Arabī al-Mursī
Authors: Akmaluddin Muhammad
Published: September 2022

The exoteric dimension is a systematic basis in looking for surface meaning of hadith. Whereas the esoteric dimension used to look for the unspeakable, the essential and the signal meaning. Understanding hadith meaning with both dimensions will explain the surface and deep meaning of hadith. By using qualitative approach, literary research and content analysis, this paper will discuss how the development of exoteric and esoteric dimensions in understanding hadith and both relationship. Each Islamic scholars has his own method when looking for the esoteric dimension in understanding hadith. Al-Ḥakīm al-Tirmiżī used proverbs (amṡāl), al-Ghazālī used consideration (i‘tibār), and Ibn al-'Arab Ibn al-‘Arabī used trainings (riyāḍāt) and struggles (mujāhadāt). Although using different terms, they agreed that the esoteric dimension must be based on the exoteric dimension. The detachment of the esoteric dimension from the exoteric dimension will cause the loss of the meaning foundation and will fall into bāṭiniyyah method.
Comprehensive Approach to Assessing the Reliability of Information in Online Media
Authors: Blinova Mariya , Solomin Valentin
Published: September 2022

The article proposes a comprehensive approach to assessing the reliability of information in online media. The approach was tested on twenty Internet media texts published on the RBC and RIA Novosti news portals. The approach is based on separate ideas of media researchers about the qualitative content of media publications. It includes the following criteria: 1) explicit (external) position of the publication in the media market, e.g., professionalism of the editorial staff, discourse that surrounds the media, etc.; 2) latent (hidden) characteristics of the publication, i.e., its value system, ideology, media message, style, etc.; 3) goals and interests of the media vs. those of the audience, e.g., type of information, communicative goals, conflict between verbal and non-verbal content, accuracy, completeness, sufficiency, references, links to reliable sources, logical nomination and hypotheses development, etc. This approach proved to be objective as it is able to assess both individual texts and the whole media source.
Reconstruction of the Interpretive Level in the Structure of a Linguistic Personality as a Participant of Virtual Dialogic Communication
Authors: Shpil'naya Nadezhda , Skubieva Elena
Published: September 2022

The authors reconstructed the interpretive level in the model of a linguistic personality as a participant in a virtual dialogue. The authors proceeded from the understanding that the model of a linguistic personality includes the following levels: 1) superficial understanding of the speech product to create a response text, 2) interpretation, 3) modus level, 4) intertextual level. The interpretational level includes interpretation of the perceived initial cue. Interpretation in this case is a mental-linguistic activity, during which the meaning of the original message is appropriated by its addressee and verbalized in the response message. The following interpretative strategies serve here as description units: author- and text-oriented, holistic and elementary, linguistic trust and linguistic skepticism, copyial and creative. The research featured responses of native speakers published on the portal of the Bankfax news agency. The analysis of dialogic utterances was followed by a reconstruction of the interpretive level in the structure of a linguistic personality as a participant in virtual dialogue. The author of the response proved to be an active interpreter with various interpretation strategies.
Narrative as Involvement Technology: Socio-Psychological Groups in VKontakte Social Net
Authors: Rogova Evgeniya , Yanickiy Leonid
Published: September 2022

Narrative and storytelling involve social net users in various socio-psychological groups. Modern narrative psychology focuses on life purpose formation. Narrative as an interpretive process concerns almost all spheres of everyday life and correlates with subjective and intersubjective experiences. Narrative studies are a source of knowledge on how a person endows the world, life, and goal-setting with meaning. Observing the interpretation of one’s experience can reveal how subjectivity works. Narrative makes it possible to construct the world, as well as to comprehend it in terms of past, present, and future. Psychology of meaning formation brings us closer to personality and inner subjectivity. Storytelling is popular both on the Internet and in various branches of scientific knowledge, marketing, linguistics, psychology, pedagogy, and journalism. Storytelling is used in existential psychology, logotherapy, and art therapy. Personal experience verbalized as a story reveals one’s personality, values, and beliefs. Storytelling makes one feel complete, helps to find a purpose in life, and facilitates psycho-corrective activities. Storytelling in online socio-psychological groups possesses all the features of a narrative. For instance, the Vkontakte social network allows its users to employ all the features of narration, thus involving the audience in communication and influencing their psyche. Based on content analysis and hermeneutic approach, the authors identified such involvement technologies as suggestion, persuasion, and emotional infection. Storytelling is not only a means of promoting psychological services in socio-psychological groups, but also a means of psycho-correction and psychological impact. It develops relevant meanings in the addressee, personal development, self-help, and stress relief.
Notion of “charisma” in German Catholic thought in the second half of the 20th century
Authors:   St Tikhon Orthodox University, Reshchikova Elizaveta Yu.
Published: September 2022

The paper examines the main lines of debate on the role of “charisma” in the Church structure, basing on German Catholic thought in the second half of the 20th century. Looking into the history of the concept gives grounds to assert that its meaning originates as the result of juxtaposition of “charisma” and “office”. Moreover, the Catholic discussion on the role of “charisma” appears to be predetermined by the Protestant debate around the said opposition, which intensified in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and revolved around using “charisma” as a means to criticize the Church. Catholic thought suggests several ways to solve the problem of correlation between “charisma” and “office”, some of which seem rather radical. Analyzing German Catholic discourse brings out three basic attitudes towards the role of charisma in the life of the Church: the simultaneous existence and equivalence of the charismatic and the institutional structures (based on the works of K. Rahner and H. U. von Balthasar); the precedence of the charismatic structure over the institutional (based on the works of H. Küng and G. Hasenhüttl); perceiving the institutional structure as the final form of incarnation of the Holy Spirit in the world (represented by H. Schürmann and J. Ratzinger).
Competitive NMDA Antagonists - A Comprehensive Analysis of Molecular Biological, Structure Activity and Molecular Modeling Relationships
Authors: Johnson Graham , Ornstein Paul L.
Published: September 2022

The N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor subclass of excitatory amino acid receptors is among the most extensively studied of this class of receptors. Ample evidence supports the potential therapeutic application of NMDA antagonists in the treatment of acute and chronic neurotrauma, and as anticonvulsant and analgesic agents. This review summarizes some of the current knowledge regarding the molecular biology of NMDA receptors. At least two distinct classes of proteins have been identified which comprise NMDA receptors in the CNS, and the relative distribution of these two proteins throughout the CNS may account for NMDA receptor homogeneity. This review also discusses structure activity relationships of competitive NMDA antagonists, i.e., compounds which compete with the endogenous excitatory amino acid glutamate at its recognition site. Structural modifications of the prototypical competitive NMDA antagonist 2- amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (AP5) which impart greater potency are discussed. These include incorporation of the AP5 substructure into cyclic systems or incorporation of functionality onto the backbone of AP5 to constrain conformational mobility; biososteric replacement of the distal phosphonic acid; ;md biososteric replacment of the proximal o:-amino acid. Stereochemical requirements for binding of these novel antagonist ligands are also discussed, along with three attempts to understand ligand-protein interactions at this receptor using molecular modeling techniques.
Elevated Troponin and Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Umeh Chukwuemeka A. , Ranchithan Sobiga , Watanabe Kimberly , Tuscher Laura , Gupta Rahul
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Myocardial injury, causing elevated troponin levels, have been associated with worse outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease patients. However, our anecdotal experience did not consistently reflect this pattern. Therefore, we evaluated the outcomes of COVID-19 patients with elevated troponin.

Methods:

This is a retrospective study of 1,024 COVID-19 patients admitted to two hospitals in Southern California in the United States. We categorized the troponin levels as normal (≤1× upper reference limit (URL)), mildly elevated (>1 to ≤3× URL), and severely elevated (>3× URL). We compared the characteristics of the three troponin groups using chi-square for categorical variables and one-way Anova for the continuous variables. Finally, backward selection Cox regression analysis was carried out using mortality as a dependent variable.

Results:

Of the COVID-19 1,024 patients included in the study, 944 (92%) had normal troponin, 45 (4.4%) had mild elevation, and 35 (3.4%) had a severe elevation in troponin levels. In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, troponin elevation in patients without ST-elevation on ECG was not independently associated with mortality (hazard ratio 0.92, 95% CI 0.64-1.3). Increased risk of death was independently associated with age as well as serum C-reactive protein and serum creatinine levels.

Conclusion:

Elevated troponins without ST-elevation on ECG on hospital admission were not independently associated with increased mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. However, further research is needed to fully understand the absence of a relationship between troponin elevation and mortality in our study population.
Relationship levels of knowledge, attitude, behavior, and school support in anemia students
Authors: Soindemi Chika Monna Adhelia , Pesurnay Yanti , Pinem Oktamina , Utama Risma Putri , Yanti Lilis Candra , Argaheni Niken Bayu
Published: September 2022

Anemia is a health problem that often occurs in young women. The purpose of this study is to know the relationship between the level of knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and school support with anemia in female students. The study was conducted on students in 2 State Junior High Schools in Sorong Regency as many as 71 respondents of this type of research were observational with a cross-sectional approach. The instruments used are questionnaires and Hb examinations using the GCHb easy touch tool. The results of statistical tests were obtained there was a relationship between knowledge level and anemia (? = 0.000), there was a relationship between attitudes with anemia (? = 0.002), there was a relationship between behavior and anemia (? = 0.003), there was no relationship between school support and anemia (? = 0.565. Increasing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors can be done by providing material in the form of knowledge that schools can use in collaboration with the Sorong Regency Health Office, as well as support from families and communities.
Abundance and Diversity of Fruit Flies Species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Bogor and Depok District
Authors: Octavia Evy , Tarno Hagus , Himawan Toto , Setiawan Yogo
Published: September 2022

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are important pests of horticultural crops. This study investigates the abundance and species richness of Bogor and Depok District as a center area horticulture commodity based on Cue Lure Trap. Each Cue Lure Trap was observed to record the abundance and species richness of fruit flies at seven days intervals from June until August 2021 in Bogor District (Babakan, Mekarsari and Parigi Mekar) and Depok District (Bedahan and Pancoran Mas), West Java, Indonesia. A total of 1,025 individuals were collected and consist of nine species of fruit fly i.e., Bactrocera albistrigata, B. carambolae, B. neocognata, B. verbascifoliae, Dacus conopsoides, D. longicornis, Zeugodacus calumniata, Z. caudatus, and Z. cucurbitae. The number of individuals of fruit flies was highest in the Bedahan, Depok District (F = 5.454, P = 0.002). Zeugodacus cucurbitae was the most abundant species (792 individuals), representing 77.27% of the specimens collected during the sampling period. The highest Shannon–Wiener diversity index of all fruit flies captured in this study was in Bedahan, Depok (1.11) and the lowest in Parigi Mekar, Bogor (0.23). A Bray–Curtis analysis showed that the species compositions of fruit flies on Bedahan and Parigi Mekar had a similarity of 70.1%.
The Mapping of Regional Tax and Levy in Pangkalpinang
Authors: Rahmadoni Firman , Safitri Marlina , Suparlan Suparlan , Reniati Reniati , Rahayu Rini Luciani , Ridwan Muhammad Qomaruddin
Published: September 2022

Regional autonomy provides opportunities and challenges for Regional Governments to manage and explore sources of Regional Revenue. As the Capital of the Province, Pangkalpinang still relies on transfers, fund and yet their regional revenue is very low. This study tries to identify and map tax and levy revenues in Pangkalpinang and then formulate strategic recommendations that the Government may consider increasing regional revenue. This study analyzes the effectiveness, contribution, and growth of regional tax and retribution revenue in Pangkalpinang between 2016 and 2020. The contribution and growth analysis results are the basis for the Klassen analysis. This study's results indicate that tax revenue's effectiveness in the Pangkalpinang rate is 114.54%, while the effectiveness of retribution is 96.61%. The regional tax revenue with the largest contribution is street lighting tax, which contributes 36.49%. In contrast, the largest contribution of retribution is the revenue from the use of regional wealth, which is 25.05%. Based on Klassen's analysis, knowing that four sectors are in the developing category, four sectors are in the advanced but depressed category, five sectors are in the potential category, and the remaining nineteen sectors are in the lagging category. Therefore, the researcher suggests that the Government focus on developing and developing depressed sectors if they want to increase local tax and retribution revenues in the short term. However, they must focus on developing potential sectors if they're going to increase regional tax and levy revenues long-term.
Irrealidad Aumentada
Authors: MITO Collective
Published: September 2022

La pandemia

Durante el primer encierro domiciliario impuesto por las autoridades en España, MITO Collective dialogó con sus conciudadanos sobre la percepción y la vivencia de la realidad en ese confinamiento. De ese diálogo, se crearon lemas que reflejan la percepción de una realidad en la que conviven los Deep Fake y los movimientos #metoo, el auge de la ultraderecha populista y las filtraciones como Wikileaks. Una realidad cada vez más extraña, menos clara y más llena de incertidumbres. Una realidad que transita entre un mundo que no termina y otro que no acaba de arrancar del todo.
The effectiveness of massage therapy combined with stretching toward blood pressure of elderly people with hypertension
Authors: Delano Enggista Hendriko , Kushartanti Wara , Amajida Abiyyu , Humam Muhammad Fatih , As Shafi Sabda Hussain
Published: September 2022

The high case of hypertension in the elderly requires curative action. One of the efforts to prevent and treat hypertension is by nonpharmacological methods with massage therapy combined with stretching. This research aimed to discover the effectiveness of massage therapy followed by stretching toward the blood pressure of older people with hypertension. Employing a Quasi Experiment design with one group pretest-posttest, the study involved 25 people who had hypertension With 14 of which were selected using specific criteria. The research used Digital Sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure. The treatment given to the samples was massage therapy for hypertension with the Ali Satia Graha method for about 20 minutes followed by stretching for about 20 minutes. The data analysis technique of this research was the paired t-test, which aimed to find the significant gap. The research findings showed that the systole value before getting the treatment was 158.36 mmHg, and after getting the treatment, it decreased to 137.93 mmHg (12,90%) with a significance value of 0.000 0.05. Diastolic blood pressure before getting the treatment was at 98.07 mmHg, and after getting the treatment, it dropped to 86.79 (11,50) mmHg with a significance value of 0.000 0.05. Hence, it could be concluded that Ali Satia Graha massage method with stretching effectively decreased the blood pressure of older people with hypertension
Feasibility of audio-visual teaching materials to support tennis learning
Authors: Raibowo Septian , Fathoni Abi Fajar , Adi Sapto
Published: September 2022

This study aims to produce court tennis audio-visual teaching materials and determine the effectiveness of audio-visual teaching materials to support court tennis learning. This research is development research with stages: needs analysis, data collection, product development, expert validation, product testing, product revision, and evaluation. The subjects of this study were taken using a random sampling method, amounting to 47 people. The instruments used to collect data were questionnaire sheets, expert validation sheets and further tests were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Seeing the effectiveness of the product using an experimental design with the format "one group pretest-posttest design", which does not use a comparison class but has used an initial test so that the magnitude of the effect due to the use of the product can be known with certainty. The results showed that the results of the validation of media experts, learning experts material experts were very valid and the validation of evaluation experts was quite valid. The quality of the product from the large-scale test is categorized as high. The results of the product effectiveness test show a significant and efficient increase in learning outcomes and have a fairly high attractiveness in supporting court tennis learning.
Interest and motivation of Indonesian and Malay students in the implementation of sports injury therapeutic massage
Authors: Graha Ali Satia , Talib Kamal Bin , Yuniana Rina , Martono Martono , Apriyanto Krisnanda Dwi , Perdana Satya
Published: September 2022

This study was to find out the impact of interest and motivation of Indonesian and Malay students on implementation of management of minor post-Sports injury therapeutic massage. It was a descriptive-qualitative and descriptive quantitative mixed study with survey method. Conducted in 2021 in the Faculty of Sports Science of Yogyakarta State University. Total participans 68 students involved 50 Indonesian students and 18 Malay students. Used linkert scale instrument with modified questionnaire of interest, motivation and implementation, r-count r-table (0.235) and alpha chronbach of 0.655. The results of the study showed that: the interest of the students in the management of the injury was very low (2 students or 3%), low (21 students or 31%), high (42 students or 60%), and very high (4 students or 6%); the motivation of the students in the management of the injury was very low (3 students or 4%), low (25 students or 37%), and high (36 students or 53%), and very high (4 students or 6%); impact of the implementation of the Sports injury management by the students was very low (3 students or 4%), low (34 students or 50%), high (23 students or 34%), and very high (8 students or 12%). Concluded that the interest and the motivation was influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could influence learning result, while the learning result could be found out in the implementation. It was necessary to organize hard skill learning using repetitive method consistent with stimulus-response theoretical perspective.
The effects of shuttle run and three corner drill on the agility of soccer players in soccer academy
Authors: Primasoni Nawan , Prakosa Donny Mahendra , Anugrah Tama
Published: September 2022

Football is a game that is played by kicking the ball to get the ball into the opponent's goal. The game of soccer requires speed and agility. This study aims to determine the effects of shuttle runs and three corner drills on agility and to compare the effect of those exercises on the agility of twenty soccer players in the Soccer Academy. This experimental research employed the two groups of pretest-posttest design. The population used is a Kalasan soccer academy player with a total of 20 players. The sample used is the entire population and will be divided into two groups with an ordinal pairing technique. The soccer players' agility was assessed using the Illinois agility test in the pretest and post-test. Shuttle run and three corner drill exercises were carried out 16 times (3 times a week). Based on the results of data analysis, the average pretest score of the shuttle run group is 17.99, while the post-test average score is 16.15. Then, the average scores of the three corner drill groups are 18.08 and 16.32, respectively in the pretest and post-test. The pretest and post-test scores of both groups were compared, and the differences are 1.84 seconds for the shuttle run and 1.76 seconds for the three-corner drill. This study concludes that the shuttle run and three corner drill are both significantly effective in improving agility because those exercises are not significantly different, but the shuttle run works better than the three corner drill in improving agility.
Исследование вольт-амперных характеристик оптических материалов системы AgBr-AgI
Authors: Тураби А. , Акифьева Н.Н. , Корсаков А.С. , Жукова Л.В. , Южакова А.А. , Салимгареев Д.Д. , Зеленкова Ю.О.
Published: September 2022

IR light guides based on crystals and ceramics of the AgBr-AgI system are transparent in the mid-infrared range from 2 to 25 μm, which is in demand for thermal imaging, laser technology and spectroscopy. High photo- and radiation resistance makes these materials particularly attractive. For the design of optical equipment, information is needed on the electrical properties of the material, which are most fully characterized by the current-voltage characteristic (VAC). In this work, the dependence of VAC of the studied materials in the range of compositions from 5 to 80 mol. % AgI in the system AgBr-AgI on the composition of the material and temperature in the range of 298-453 K. It has been established that an increase in the iodine content for crystalline materials of AgBr-AgI systems leads to a decrease in electrical conductivity. The values of specific conductivity under equal conditions (the same temperature and the same applied voltage) for ceramics of the AgBr-AgI system are two to three orders of magnitude higher than for crystals. The values of specific conductivity for ceramics are at the level of conductivity of solid electrolytes. At the temperature of the β-AgI – α-AgI phase transition in ceramics of the AgBr-AgI systems, a jump in conductivity is observed, which is explained by the β-AgI – α-AgI phase transition.
Neuroprotective (Antioxidant, Antiamyloidogenic, and Antiexcitatory) Effects of TrévoTM against Cadmium Chloride Neurotoxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Ilesanmi Omotayo B. , Enadeghe Rosephine , Chinenye Aleneme , Adeogun Esther , Okotie Ufuoma
Published: September 2022

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is deleterious to brain development as it increases brain aging. Trévo is a multi-herbal supplement that provides various health benefits, including boosting the immune system and detoxification. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of Trévo against the neurotoxic effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2). Thirty male Wistar rats were equally divided into three groups: Group I (normal control), Group II (administered CdCl2), and Group III (administered Trévo and CdCl2), and were used in the experiments. Animals were pretreated with 2 mL/kg of Trévo for five days and injected with Cd intraperitoneally 3 h later. Cd significantly increased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA), amyloidogenesis, activation of caspase 3 and 9, and the production of p53 and glutamate. It also inhibited the activity of Na+/K+ ATPase, glutamate dehydrogenase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione-S-transferase. The administration of Trévo revealed its antioxidant, anti-amyloidogenic, anti-excitotoxicity, and anticholinesterase properties as it prevented the biochemical changes induced by Cd toxicity in the brain of male Wistar rats. Our results supported the reported health benefits of Trévo as a good dietary supplement in preventing the toxic effects of poisonous substances, such as cadmium.
A Study on the Implications of Integrating the Great Party Building Spirit into Youth Ideal Belief Education in the New Era
Authors: Xiang Xingjuan
Published: September 2022

In the new era, cultivating young scholars to establish lofty ideals and beliefs is the core task of the current ideological and political education work and workers. Water is not stirred up, people are not stirred up. In the new journey, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that “Chinese youth in the new era should set up correct ideals and firm beliefs as the foundation of their career, and strive to grow into the aspiring youth expected by the Party, the country and the people.” Vigorously inheriting and carrying forward the spirit of the great Party can not only purify some bad values in the new era of youth, help them to establish and firmly believe in the scientific and correct ideals, is very important to inherit the national culture and the spirit of the times, and also has a significant leading role in promoting the progress and development of Chinese society.