bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un enjeu de reproduction sociale
Authors: Le Petitcorps Colette
Published: July 2021

L’auteure examine la façon dont des employées domestiques font de la reproduction sociale de leur foyer et de leur communauté un enjeu des relations avec leurs employeurs à l’île Maurice. Le matériau empirique sur lequel est basé cet article est composé des discours d’une quinzaine de femmes recueillis dans une situation d’enquête dont les conditions de production sont retracées. L’analyse de leurs subjectivités dans le travail de service domestique articule le contexte des rapports sociaux de l’espace côtier du sud-ouest de l’île avec celui de la restructuration de l’économie sucrière mauricienne depuis les années 2000 et celui plus global de la nouvelle division internationale du travail reproductif. L’examen des relations de service domestique du point de vue de femmes employées domestiques conduit à explorer les multiples dimensions — économique, sociale, normative et culturelle — de la recherche de la reproduction sociale de leur foyer et de leur communauté dans la conjoncture actuelle. Il en émerge des dissidences à la domination.
L’universel concret
Authors: Vibert Stéphane
Published: July 2021

Depuis une quarantaine d’années, le paradigme dominant de l’anthropologie se fonde sur une remise en question radicale de sa prétention « scientifique » à l’universalisme, associée tant à l’impérialisme politique de la colonisation qu’à une épistémologie aveuglément objectiviste et implicitement ethnocentriste. Pour autant, malgré ses postulats politiques (faire entendre la voix des subalternes), éthiques (le consentement des sujets étudiés et l’approche dialogique), méthodologiques (l’inclusion de l’observateur situé dans le champ d’observation), l’anthropologie dite « postmoderne » ne paraît guère pouvoir échapper à la nécessité de rendre compte d’une « vérité » — certes partiale et partielle — des situations vécues, des cultures et des identités existantes. Cette contribution vise à explorer de nouveau la tension épistémologique entre universalisme et relativisme, dans le but de montrer que celle-ci, afin d’être rendue féconde, doit être à la fois nuancée — privilégier l’un des deux pôles ne saurait contribuer à éliminer l’autre — et considérée comme indépassable — toute visée de vérité s’inscrivant à la fois dans un lieu limité et un horizon universel. La notion d’« universel concret » contribue à cerner les conditions de possibilité et d’expression de cette tension en décrivant la nature universellement culturelle de l’humain, sous les traits d’un être d’appartenance, toujours tissé de liens et médiations symboliques.
The origins of modern nationalism of Sweden and Denmark: legislative analysis and identity issues
Authors: Alekseev Nikolai Nikolaevich , Volkomorova Alina Andreevna , Kurtyanik Stanislav Nikolaevich
Published: July 2021

The object of this research is the consequences of migration crisis in the European Union. The subject of this research is instruments for including nationalism in the sociopolitical agenda and legislation of Denmark, as well as the problem of interaction between the identities and Muslim ethnocentrism in the European Union. The article explores the theoretical aspects of the modern transformation of nationalism in Northern Europe, transition of nationalism from a marginal phenomenon towards a strong political force. Special attention is given to the analysis of legislative amendments of Denmark and Sweden in the conditions of migration crisis. The authors also discuss the problem of the conflict of identities in the European Union, interaction and transformations within the framework of the dialogue between immigrant communities and titular nations. The novelty of this research consists in carrying out a comparative analysis of the current development of nationalism in Sweden and Denmark, as well as their legislation on migration. The article covers the current processes pertinent to the problem of interaction of multiple civil-political and ethnocultural identifications, which is a pressing issue for the European Union. The authors’ special contribution lies in determination of the common and distinctive features in development of the modern Swedish and Danish nationalism, analysis of the foundation of the forming pan-European identity in the context of interculturalism and postnationalism. The conclusion is made on the crucial role of harmonization of the normative-value foundation of identity as a mediator of modern nationalization of the EU member-states.
Motion behavior of graphene sheets and friction characteristics between the interfaces of silicon-based materials
Authors: Lu Hai-Lin , Duan Fang-Li ,   State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
Published: July 2021

The ab initio molecular dynamics method is used to simulate the friction process of the graphene sheet as lubricant added to the silicon-based material interface under the action of compression and shear, and the influence of water molecules and oxidation of graphene surface on the movement behavior of graphene sheet are studied. In a dry environment, the pristine graphene (PG) sheet will slip only when the pressure is high. Owing to the presence of surface functional groups, a strong force is formed between the graphene oxide (GO) sheet and the substrate. The direction of the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the upper slab is consistent as the upper slab moves at a constant speed, resulting in the fact that the force between the GO sheet and the upper slab is greater and the GO sheet slides forward with the upper slab. Owing to the formation of mechanical interlock between the GO sheet and the lower slab surface, the GO sheet no longer slips when the pressure is high. In a humid environment, the interface structure affects the overall distribution and movement state of water molecules. The water molecules between the PG sheet and the upper slab are adsorbed only on the surface of the upper slab and always remain in a “flat” state, and their motion behavior is consistent with the upper slab’s. Comparing with a dry environment, the PG sheet starts to slip only when the pressure is high. Since the hydroxyl orientation angle on the surface of the upper slab is greater than the hydroxyl orientation angle on the surface of the GO sheet, the water molecules gradually change from the "flat" state to the slightly “upright” state as the pressure increases. The change of the orientation of water molecules makes the bonding strength between water molecules and the GO sheet gradually decrease, leading to a relative slip between them. The change in the movement behavior of the graphene sheet causes the shear plane to change. There is a positive correlation between the velocity fluctuation mean square error of the graphene sheet and the friction coefficient as the oxidation rate of graphene sheet increases under different coverages of water molecules, indicating that the motion behavior of the lubricant affects the interface friction characteristics.
Neural correlates of ingroup bias for prosociality in rats
Authors: Ben-Ami Bartal Inbal , Breton Jocelyn M , Sheng Huanjie , Long Kimberly LP , Chen Stella , Halliday Aline , Kenney Justin W , Wheeler Anne L , Frankland Paul , Shilyansky Carrie , Deisseroth Karl , Keltner Dacher , Kaufer Daniela
Published: July 2021

Prosocial behavior, in particular helping others in need, occurs preferentially in response to distress of one’s own group members. In order to explore the neural mechanisms promoting mammalian helping behavior, a discovery-based approach was used here to identify brain-wide activity correlated with helping behavior in rats. Demonstrating social selectivity, rats helped others of their strain (‘ingroup’), but not rats of an unfamiliar strain (‘outgroup’), by releasing them from a restrainer. Analysis of brain-wide neural activity via quantification of the early-immediate gene c-Fos identified a shared network, including frontal and insular cortices, that was active in the helping test irrespective of group membership. In contrast, the striatum was selectively active for ingroup members, and activity in the nucleus accumbens, a central network hub, correlated with helping. In vivo calcium imaging showed accumbens activity when rats approached a trapped ingroup member, and retrograde tracing identified a subpopulation of accumbens-projecting cells that was correlated with helping. These findings demonstrate that motivation and reward networks are associated with helping an ingroup member and provide the first description of neural correlates of ingroup bias in rodents.
An epigenetic switch regulates the ontogeny of AXL-positive/EGFR-TKi-resistant cells by modulating miR-335 expression
Authors: Safaric Tepes Polona , Pal Debjani , Lindsted Trine , Ibarra Ingrid , Lujambio Amaia , Jimenez Sabinina Vilma , Senturk Serif , Miller Madison , Korimerla Navya , Huang Jiahao , Glassman Lawrence , Lee Paul , Zeltsman David , Hyman Kevin , Esposito Michael , Hannon Gregory J , Sordella Raffaella
Published: July 2021

Despite current advancements in research and therapeutics, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. This is mainly due to the resistance that patients develop against chemotherapeutic agents over the course of treatment. In the context of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) harboring EGFR-oncogenic mutations, augmented levels of AXL and GAS6 have been found to drive resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as Erlotinib and Osimertinib in certain tumors with mesenchymal-like features. By studying the ontogeny of AXL-positive cells, we have identified a novel non-genetic mechanism of drug resistance based on cell-state transition. We demonstrate that AXL-positive cells are already present as a subpopulation of cancer cells in Erlotinib-naïve tumors and tumor-derived cell lines and that the expression of AXL is regulated through a stochastic mechanism centered on the epigenetic regulation of miR-335. The existence of a cell-intrinsic program through which AXL-positive/Erlotinib-resistant cells emerge infers the need of treating tumors harboring EGFR-oncogenic mutations upfront with combinatorial treatments targeting both AXL-negative and AXL-positive cancer cells.
Akt phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate to limit PI3K-mediated PIP3 synthesis
Authors: Kearney Alison L , Norris Dougall M , Ghomlaghi Milad , Kin Lok Wong Martin , Humphrey Sean J , Carroll Luke , Yang Guang , Cooke Kristen C , Yang Pengyi , Geddes Thomas A , Shin Sungyoung , Fazakerley Daniel J , Nguyen Lan K , James David E , Burchfield James G
Published: July 2021

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt network is tightly controlled by feedback mechanisms that regulate signal flow and ensure signal fidelity. A rapid overshoot in insulin-stimulated recruitment of Akt to the plasma membrane has previously been reported, which is indicative of negative feedback operating on acute timescales. Here, we show that Akt itself engages this negative feedback by phosphorylating insulin receptor substrate (IRS) 1 and 2 on a number of residues. Phosphorylation results in the depletion of plasma membrane-localised IRS1/2, reducing the pool available for interaction with the insulin receptor. Together these events limit plasma membrane-associated PI3K and phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) synthesis. We identified two Akt-dependent phosphorylation sites in IRS2 at S306 (S303 in mouse) and S577 (S573 in mouse) that are key drivers of this negative feedback. These findings establish a novel mechanism by which the kinase Akt acutely controls PIP3 abundance, through post-translational modification of the IRS scaffold.
Role of BRCA2 DNA-binding and C-terminal domain in its mobility and conformation in DNA repair
Authors: Paul Maarten W , Sidhu Arshdeep , Liang Yongxin , van Rossum-Fikkert Sarah E , Odijk Hanny , Zelensky Alex N , Kanaar Roland , Wyman Claire
Published: July 2021

Breast cancer type two susceptibility protein (BRCA2) is an essential protein in genome maintenance, homologous recombination (HR), and replication fork protection. Its function includes multiple interaction partners and requires timely localization to relevant sites in the nucleus. We investigated the importance of the highly conserved DNA-binding domain (DBD) and C-terminal domain (CTD) of BRCA2. We generated BRCA2 variants missing one or both domains in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and defined their contribution in HR function and dynamic localization in the nucleus, by single-particle tracking of BRCA2 mobility. Changes in molecular architecture of BRCA2 induced by binding partners of purified BRCA2 were determined by scanning force microscopy. BRCA2 mobility and DNA-damage-induced increase in the immobile fraction were largely unaffected by C-terminal deletions. The purified proteins missing CTD and/or DBD were defective in architectural changes correlating with reduced HR function in cells. These results emphasize BRCA2 activity at sites of damage beyond promoting RAD51 delivery.
Structural insights into hormone recognition by the human glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor
Authors: Zhao Fenghui , Zhang Chao , Zhou Qingtong , Hang Kaini , Zou Xinyu , Chen Yan , Wu Fan , Rao Qidi , Dai Antao , Yin Wanchao , Shen Dan-Dan , Zhang Yan , Xia Tian , Stevens Raymond C , Xu H Eric , Yang Dehua , Zhao Lihua , Wang Ming-Wei
Published: July 2021

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a peptide hormone that exerts crucial metabolic functions by binding and activating its cognate receptor, GIPR. As an important therapeutic target, GIPR has been subjected to intensive structural studies without success. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of the human GIPR in complex with GIP and a Gs heterotrimer at a global resolution of 2.9 Å. GIP adopts a single straight helix with its N terminus dipped into the receptor transmembrane domain (TMD), while the C terminus is closely associated with the extracellular domain and extracellular loop 1. GIPR employs conserved residues in the lower half of the TMD pocket to recognize the common segments shared by GIP homologous peptides, while uses non-conserved residues in the upper half of the TMD pocket to interact with residues specific for GIP. These results provide a structural framework of hormone recognition and GIPR activation.
Investigation of the Iconographic and Formal Features of the Petroglyphs in Kars-Üçler Valley
Authors: TOPRAK Sait
Published: July 2021

Kültürel yapının önemli unsurlarından olan petroglifler, insanın düşünsel gelişim sürecinde önemli bir ifade biçimi olmuştur. Bilinçli bir imge/gösterge üretim mecrası olarak görülen bu sanatsal faaliyetlerde, Prehistorik Çağ toplulukları
arasındaki sanatsal üretim biçimlerindeki farklılık, yaratıcılık ve gelişmişlik düzeylerine ilişkin ayrıntılar saptanabilmektedir. Prehistorik sanatının faaliyetleri açısından önemli bir icra alanı olan Kars ve çevresinde, prehistorik
sanatkârların üretimlerini görmek mümkündür. Bu bölgede yer alan ve yeni keşfedilen Üçler Vadisi’ndeki kaya çizimleri, içerdiği farklı temalardan ve üsluplardan dolayı önemli bir Prehistorik Çağ sanatı arşivi oluşturmaktadır. Önemli
bir bölümünde atlıların konu alındığı çizimlerden geçmişte burada yaşamış toplulukların sosyal ve kültürel yapıları hakkında veriler edinmenin yanı sıra avcı çizimcilerin gözlem, teknik ve çizim becerileri hakkında da bazı tespitler
yapılabilmektedir. Vadide yer alan üç mevkideki kayalıklarda, tanımlanabilen yetmiş beş betimin büyük çoğunluğu kazıma tekniğiyle yapılmıştır. Tasvir edilmiş hayvan figürlerinin çoğu gerçekçi bir anlatımla, detaylar gösterilmeden,
genelde profilden, hareketli ve durağan bir şekilde kayaya kazınmışlardır. İnsan figürleri ise benzer bir teknik kullanılarak hem profilden hem de cepheden gösterilerek betimlenmişlerdir. Çizimlerin betim içeriğine bakıldığında
bunların genel olarak insanın doğa ve hayvanlar ile ilişkisini anlattığı yorumuna ulaşılabilir. Bu çalışmada, Üçler Vadisi’nde tespit edilmiş petroglifler ikonografik ve biçimsel özellikleri bakımından incelenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada,
buradaki petroglifler ile Kars ili sınırları içinde ve çevresinde bulunan diğer örnekler arasındaki benzerlikler, farklılıklar belirtilmiştir.
Current Situation of Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language
Authors: DOĞAN KAHTALI Bahar , GÜNATA Büşra
Published: July 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı; yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi alanında 2014-2020 yılları arasında hazırlanmış olan lisansüstü tezleri; eğitim düzeylerine, yapıldığı yıllara, enstitü türlerine, konu alanlarına, kullanılan araştırma modeline,
evren/örneklem/çalışma gruplarına göre sınıflandırarak incelemektir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde; bulguların betimlenerek yorumlanması amacıyla kullanılan
nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır. 2014-2020 yılının Aralık ayına kadar olan dönemde yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi ile ilgili hazırlanmış 263 tezin 12’sinin 2014 yılında, 21’inin 2015 yılında, 18’inin
2016 yılında, 22’sinin 2017 yılında, 52’sinin 2018 yılında, 101’inin 2019 yılında ve 37’sinin 2020 yılında hazırlandığı görülmektedir. Tezler, araştırma modeli bakımından incelendiğinde nitel araştırma modellerinin kullanıldığı
çalışmaların sayısal açıdan fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tezlerin örneklem/çalışma grubu/incelenen materyal vb. değişkenlerine göre dağılımına bakıldığında en fazla 128 tez ile kitap-doküman çalışmaları olmuştur. Tezlerin konu
alanlarına bakıldığında 25 tez ile en çok çalışılan konu kitap-eser inceleme ve kullanımıdır. Tezler türlerine göre incelendiğinde 263’ün tezin 206’sı yüksek lisans 57’si doktora tezidir. Tezlerin enstitü türlerine göre dağılımı
incelediğinde 145’inin Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsünde hazırlandığı görülmektedir. Bu tür çalışmaların her geçen gün artması, alana yön vermesi bakımından önem taşımaktadır. Lisansüstü tezler, bu çalışma ve ilgili çalışmalar incelenerek
alanın ihtiyaç duyduğu tez konuları belirlenebilir. Bu çalışma yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi alanında yapılacak yeni çalışmalar için bütünlük sunarak yol gösterici olabilir ve araştırmacılara kolaylık sağlayabilir.
The Use of Map in the Process of Dematerialization and Re-contextualization in Conceptual Art
Authors: ULUTAŞ Ümit GÜVENDİ
Published: July 2021

Tarihi süreçte sanat eserlerinin nesnesinin özel bir öneme sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. Biçimsel olarak estetik değere diğer ifadeyle güzelliğe sahip olan sanat eserleri tüm zamanlarda izleyenleri duygusal yönden etkilemeyi başarmıştır.
1930’lardan sonra ise sanatta, sanat nesnesinin biçimi ve varoluşuyla ilgili yeni düşüncelerin ortaya çıkmaya başladığı görülür. Bu düşüncelerin belli bir aşamadan sonra kavramsal sanat olarak tanımlanan yeni bir akıma yol açtığı
görülmektedir. Kavramsal sanat akımı içerisinde pek çok sanatçının farklı farklı nesneleri, yazıyı, performanslar vb. kullanarak sanatta duygu yerine düşünceyi ikame etmeye çalıştıkları görülür. Kavramsal sanatta temel bakış açısı
sanatın nesnesinden arındırılması veya sanat nesnesi olarak izleyicinin karşısına çıkarılan nesnelerin bağlamından kopartılarak yeniden bağlamlaştırılmasıdır. Sanatın tarihsel sürecinde sanatçıların zaman zaman haritalara yöneldikleri
ve haritalar ürettikleri görülmektedir. Kavramsal sanat akımında ise sanatçıların diğer örneklerin dışında haritaları; projelerinde veya tek başlarına bir düşünsel araç olarak kullanmaya başladıkları görülür. Bu çalışmanın amacı
kavramsal sanatta 1960 ve 1970’li yıllar kapsamında harita kullanan sanatçıları ve bu haritaların hangi amaçlarla nasıl düşünsel araçlara dönüştürüldüğünün incelenmesidir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Sanatçıların
belirlenmesinde amaca yönelik örneklem metodu uygulanmıştır. Sanatçıların belirlenmes sürecinde farklı tarihlerden farklı özellikler gösteren eserlere yer verilmiştir. Çalışmanın bütününde elde edilen sonuç karmaşık birer gösterge
olan haritaların kavramsal sanatta başlangıçta benzer amaçlarla sonrasındaysa farklı amaç ve farklı düşünceleri ifade etmek için kullanıldığıdır.
Voyage from Constanța to Alexandria in 1911 By Serviciul Maritim Roman (SMR) -According to A Brochure of Time Schedule and A Voyage Schedule-
Authors: Emre TEKİNSOY Yunus , HANİLÇE Murat
Published: July 2021

Sanayi Devrimi ile meydana gelen teknolojik gelişmeler her alanda olduğu gibi ulaşımın da gelişmesine ve çeşitlenmesine neden olmuştur. Yüksek basınçlı buhar motoruyla çalışan gemilerin inşası ulaşım ve taşımacılığa adeta yeni bir
soluk getirmiş; buharlı gemilerle yolcu, yük ve posta taşımacılığı yapan şirketlerin kurulmasına zemin oluşturmuştur. Bu şirketlerin en yoğun faaliyet gösterdiği bölgelerden birisi de Karadeniz olmuştur. 20. yüzyıl başlarında Karadeniz’de
çoğunluğu Batılı ülkelere ait 12 şirket faaliyet göstermiştir. 1878’de bağımsızlığını kazanan Romanya diğer pek çok alanda olduğu gibi ulaşım ve taşımacılık alanında milli bir girişim olarak Romanya Sürat Vapurları (Serviciul Maritim
Român-SMR) işletmesini kurmuştur. Romanya Sürat Vapurları (SMR), Orient Ekspres ve Ostende Ekspres’le Avrupa şehirlerinden gelen yolcuları, Köstence Limanı’ndan İstanbul, İzmir, Beyrut ve İskenderiye gibi doğudaki limanlara taşıma
amacıyla oluşturulmuş bir denizcilik işletmesidir. Orient Ekspres ve Ostende Ekspres’le Batı Avrupa şehirlerinden doğuya lüks tren yolculuklarının yapılması planlanmıştı. Faaliyet gösterdiği dönemde Karadeniz’in Beyaz Kuğuları
olarak anılan Romanya Sürat Vapurları (SMR) ise tren yollarında sağlanan bu lüks yolculuğu denizde de devam ettirmek amacını taşıyordu. Bu çalışma Romanya Sürat Vapurları (SMR) İşletmesine ait bir broşür üzerinden 20. yüzyıl başlarında
Karadeniz ile Doğu Akdeniz limanları arasında vapurla yolculuğun ayrıntılarını ortaya koymak ve aynı şirkete ait bir vapurla İstanbul’dan Romanya’ya gerçekleştirilmesi planlanan bir seyahatin programını incelemek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.
The Architectural History and Spatial Transformation of Panagia (Koimesis Theotokou) and Agios Panteleimon Churches on Cunda Island of Ayvalık
Authors: SAĞLAM Hasan Sercan
Published: July 2021

Türkiye'nin kuzeybatı kıyı kesiminde bulunan Ayvalık, 19-20. yüzyıllara tarihlenen karakteristik mimari mirasıyla bilinmektedir. Anıtlarından bir kısmı yakın zamanda restore edilerek yeni işlevler kazanmış olsa da bazıları doğa ve
insan kaynaklı düzenli tahribatlar nedeniyle zaman içerisinde kaybolmuştur. İlintili olarak bu makale, Ayvalık'a bağlı Cunda / Alibey Adası'ndaki iki eski Rum Ortodoks kilisesi olan ve 20. yüzyılın ortalarında yıktırılmış Panagia
ve Agios Panteleimon'u ele almaktadır. Mevcut literatür muğlak ikincil kaynaklara ve de eski fotoğraflara dayandığı üzere bu kiliselerin uzun yaşamına dair kentsel ve mimari bağlamda oldukça sınırlı bilgiye sahiptir. Bu arada her
iki yapının da arsası günümüz Cunda kent dokusu içerisinde terk edilmiş ve viran halde durmaktadır. Bahis konusu kiliselerin mimarlık tarihi, plan ve çizimler içeren ve ilk kez bu makalede etraflıca ele alınan geç 19. yüzyıl tarihli
arşiv belgeleri yoluyla önemli ölçüde detaylandırılmıştır. Ayrıca yayımlanmış birincil kaynaklar da göz önüne alınarak tartışılmıştır. Daha sonra bu yapıların mevcut korunma durumu, en güncel Cunda koruma imar planı ve tescil kayıtları
üzerinden ortaya konmuştur. Başlıca sonuçlar, Panagia ve Agios Panteleimon'un kronoloji ve mimarisinin daha önce literatür tarafından ortaya konulandan önemli ölçüde farklı olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu yapılar, 19. yüzyılın sonundaki
nihai görünümlerine değin art arda ve şaşırtıcı düzensizlikler barındıran değişikliklere uğramıştır. Ayrıca arsaları koruma açısından neredeyse tamamen ihmal edilmiş durumda olup risk altındadır. Lakin yüksek moloz ve bitki örtüsünün
altında çok katmanlı bir mimari mirasın bulunduğu aşikârdır.
Emîn Feyzî and Şu‘â‘ât
Authors: ALPER Yasemin
Published: July 2021

Emîn Feyzî, XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Süleymaniye’de dünyaya gelmiş manzum ve mensur eserler telif etmiş bir sanatçıdır. Asıl mesleği askerlik olan ve miralay rütbesine kadar yükselen sanatçı, bilim ve sanatla fazla meşgul olduğu
gerekçesiyle emekli edilir. Yaşamı boyunca okuma ve yazma faaliyetlerini sürdüren Emîn Feyzî, 1929 yılında İstanbul’da Darülaceze’de vefât eder. Eserlerini ağırlıklı olarak Meşrûtiyet Döneminde telif eden sanatçı; Muallim Nâcî,
Nâmık Kemâl ve Tevfik Fikret gibi her biri edebî ekol sayılan sanatçıları takip eder ve bu sanatçılardan etkilenir. Emîn Feyzî’nin 1911’de İstanbul’da bastırdığı Şu’â’ât adlı eseri kendi nazım üslubunu ortaya koyduğu orijinal bir
eserdir. Bu eserde, çeşitli nazım biçimlerinde 47 adet şiir bulunur. Bu şiirlerin 32’si gazel nazım biçiminde yazılmıştır. Manzumelerinde aruz veznini kullanan Emîn Feyzî, bu ölçüyü şiirlerine başarıyla uygulamıştır. Şair; hiçbir
şiirinde mahlâs kullanmamış, yazdığı tüm şiirlere şiirin konusunu çağrıştıran başlıklar vermiş, manzumelerin sonuna yazıldığı yer ve tarih kaydı düşmüştür. Emîn Feyzî, Meşrûtiyet Dönemi sanatçısı olarak klasik şiire hâkim bir şairdir.
Vezin, mazmun ve söz sanatlarını geleneğe uygun kullanan sanatçının şiirleri, çeşitli konu başlıkları altında sınıflandırılabilir. Emîn Feyzî’nin Şu‘â‘ât’ında bazı şiirleri kesin çizgilerle sınıflandırmak güç olsa da eserde, genel
olarak askerlik, aşk, edebiyat, sanat, eğitim, eser, hikmet, inanç, öğüt, övgü, siyaset, düşünce ve şikâyet konulu şiirler bulunur.
The Benefit of Microfinance Bank in Poverty Alleviation: A Case of Selected Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Anambra State
Authors: Nwakoby Ifeoma C. , Okanya Ogochukwu
Published: July 2021

Poverty is an endemic problem that affects not just the individual or his or her immediate family, but the entire state, and eventually the nation. Poverty causes anger and hunger and this leads to violence in turn leads to reduction in economic growth and development. Through the utilization of descriptive survey involving questionnaire and microfinance banks’ directory, and Pearson Product Moment of Correlation Coefficient at 0.05 significant level, the study reveals that microfinance deal with the provision of financial services to SMEs who are traditionally not served by the conventional financial institutions in the country. The study also reveals that Micro Finance Banks have made a lot of impact in alleviation of poverty, thereby increasing the living standard of the people. More so, Micro-Finance Institutions throughout the developing world are providing small loans to the poor for self-employment and proving to be sustainable enterprises in the sight against poverty. The study recommended that federal government should put in place policies and programs that support the existence of Micro finance banks across the country so as to help the SMEs to growth and at the long run, alleviate poverty within the country.
Monitoring Land Use and Land Cover Change of Forest Ecosystems of Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Ghats, India
Authors: Bilyaminu H. , Radhakrishnan P. , Vidyasagaran K. , Srinivasan K.
Published: July 2021

Understanding forest degradation due to human and natural phenomena is crucial to conserving and managing remnant forest resources. However, forest ecosystem assessment over a large and remote area is usually complex and arduous. The present study on land use and land cover change detection of the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary forest ecosystems was carried out to utilize the potential application of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS). Moreover, to understand the trend in the forest ecosystem changes. The supervised classification with Maximum Likelihood Algorithm and change detection comparison approach was employed to study the land use and land cover changes, using the Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM±) and Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS using data captured on July 01, 2001, and January 14, 2018. The study indicated the rigorous land cover changes. It showed a significant increase in the proportion of degraded forest with negligible gain in the proportion of evergreen forest from 21.31% in 2001 to 22.97% in 2018.  A substantial loss was also observed in moist deciduous from 27.11 % in 2001 to 17.23 % in 2018. The result of the current study indicated the degree of impacts on forests from the various activities of their surroundings. This study provides baseline information for planning and sustainable management decisions.
Analysis of Income Disparity of Coastal and Non-Coastal Communities in Banten Province, Indonesia
Authors: Setiawati Nisfi , Rizal Achmad , Nurruhwati Isni , Suryana Asep Agus Handaka
Published: July 2021

This study aims to analyze the large income disparity in coastal and non-coastal areas in Banten Province and to analyze whether the fisheries sub-sector has become the economic base in Banten Province in 2015 – 2019. January until May 2021. The method is carried out by survey method then analyzed quantitatively and presented descriptively. The data of this study were sourced from secondary data and primary data. Data were obtained from BPS Banten Province, BPS West Java Province, Marine and Fisheries Service Banten Province, Marine and Fisheries Service West Java Province and through questionnaires from coastal and non-coastal communities. Data analysis includes analysis of Williamson index, Gini coefficient and Location Quotient (LQ). based on the results of research conducted, it can be concluded that the income disparity in the coastal areas of Banten Province is greater than in the non-coastal areas. The Gini ratio analysis shows that the value of the Gini ratio has decreased from year to year, which means that income distribution is more evenly distributed until in 2019 it reaches 0. The fisheries sector in Banten Province is included in the non-base sector because it has a value of 0.5671. Production of catch commodities that get superior commodities: small pelagic fish group (mean LQ=1.81) and demersal fish group (mean LQ=0.84). The fisheries sector in Banten Province is included in the non-base sector because it has a value of 0.5671. Production of catch commodities that get superior commodities: small pelagic fish group (mean LQ=1.81) and demersal fish group (mean LQ=0.84). The fisheries sector in Banten Province is included in the non-base sector because it has a value of 0.5671. Production of catch commodities that get superior commodities: small pelagic fish group (mean LQ=1.81) and demersal fish group (mean LQ=0.84).
Regression-type Imputation Class of Estimators using Auxiliary Attributes
Authors: Audu A. , Ishaq O. O. , Abubakar A. , Akintola K. A. , Isah U. , Rashida A. , Muhammed S.
Published: July 2021

Several imputation schemes and estimators have been proposed by different authors in sample survey. However, these estimators utilized quantitative information of auxiliary characters. In this study, some imputation methods were studied using qualitative information of auxiliary characters and two new imputation schemes using auxiliary attribute have been suggested. The mean squared errors of the proposed estimators were derived up to first order approximation using Taylor series approach. Numerical illustrations with two populations were conducted and the results revealed that the proposed estimator is more efficient.
More Connections on Valuated Binary Tree and Their Applications in Factoring Odd Integers
Authors: Wang Xingbo , Jin Yuequan
Published: July 2021

This paper continues investigating connections on a valuated binary tree. By defining three types of new connections, the paper derives several new properties for the new connections, and proves that odd integers matching to the new cases can be easily and rapidly factorized. Proofs are presented for the new properties and conclusions with detail mathematical reasoning and numerical experiments are made with Maple software to demonstrate the fast factorization by factoring big odd composite integers that are of the length from 101 to 105 decimal digits. Source codes of Maple programs are also list for readers to test the experiments.
Inhibition of Fungal Plant Pathogens by Aqueous Extracts of Arum cyreniacum
Authors: Abdulrraziq Ahmed A. , Salih Sami M. , Alnomasy Sultan F. , Aldosari Ziyad M. , Alotaibi Bader S.
Published: July 2021

Arum cyreniacum is an important member of the family of Araceae because of its bio-activities. Hence this work aimed to establish a link between Arum cyreniacum and its uses as bio-control against plant pathogenic fungi which had never hitherto been established. This work was carried out to evaluate the activity of the aqueous extracts of tubers, leaves, and flowers of Arum cyreniacum against three different types of pathogenic fungi, Fusarium solani, Rhizopus microspores and Aspergillus niger. The antifungal activity of the aqueous extracts of Arum cyreniacum was determined by poisoned food technique. The results showed that Arum cyreniacum had an inhibitory effect in a dose-dependent manner on Fusarium solani, Rhizopus microspores, while Aspergillus niger was resistant to all extracts. However, the great inhibition activity against tested fungi was associated with increasing concentrations of the aqueous extracts of Arum cyreniacum. Data in this work indicated that the use of Arum cyreniacum could be a valid alternative for bio-control of plant pathogenic fungi.
Rainfall in Bangladesh
Authors: Chakraborty Debajani , Khatun Mst. Mahbuba , Alam Iftekharul
Published: July 2021

Rainfall is the important climatic parameter on which the agriculture and economic condition of Bangladesh depends. For this reason, the scenario of rainfall throughout the country was illustrated briefly in this paper. Secondary data which were annual rainfall data of 34 stations were mainly used for this study, and these data were collected from BBS (Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics) between 2007 and 2019. The data were analyzed and visualized with the aid of Excel. However, the highest rainfall almost 5944 mm was recorded in Sylhet during the year 2017, and the lowest was 792 mm in Rajshahi in 2010. On the contrary, the minimum fluctuation of rainfall was observed in Mongla, whereas, the maximum fluctuation was found in Sylhet.
Understanding Jig Alignment Error Occurrences for Substrate 1-Map Strips
Authors: Mendoza Mariane A. , Buera Maria Virginia S. , Gomez Frederick Ray I. , Kumawit Allen Jay D.
Published: July 2021

Singulation is a process in a semiconductor industry where high dense strips were singulated into single units. Jig saw singulation was the updated technology where strips were seated and vacuumed on a rubber nest jig during singulation. Jig saw singulation is also practical for high volume manufacturing as it demands minimal indirect materials. To cut the strips, jig alignment with the strip was measured by the machine to ensure that the rubber nest jig will not be cut and damaged while the strip is being singulated. However, with the different upstream process that the strip undergone, machine prompt frequent jig alignment errors when the machine detected that the strip saw street has high displacement with the recorded alignment of the saw street of rubber nest jig. Through this study, the authors have driven to understand the jig alignment errors occurrences as well as the assistance that can be made for the strip to be processed. The authors also included the study of the risks that might be imposed on both rubber nest jig and the affected strips, as well as the recommendations when jig alignment errors were encountered.
Strategies for Handling Restiveness among Undergraduates in Universities in Nigeria
Authors: Akunne L. I. , Nwadinobi V. N. , Nnadi G. C.
Published: July 2021

Aims: The study determined strategies for handling restiveness among undergraduates in universities in Nigeria

Study Design: Descriptive survey research design was adopted.

Place and Duration of Study: The target population for the study is all undergraduates in universities in Nigeria. The duration is between March 2018 and October 2018.

Methodology: Simple random sampling was used to select eight faculties from the total of fourteen (14) faculties in Nnamdi Azikiwe University (that is, the accessible population). Thus, a disproportionate stratified random sampling technique was employed to select forty (40) students each from the eight faculties selected. A self-developed instrument by the researcher was used for this study titled “strategies for handling undergraduate restiveness Questionnaire (SHURQ)”. Cronbach alpha formula which yielded correlation coefficient of 0.70. Total of three hundred and ten (310) was recovered out of the three hundred and twenty (320) questionnaire administered. Data collected from the respondents through the questionnaire were used to answer the research questions using weighted mean. The criterion mean was set at 2.50 and above as agree and below 2.49 as disagree.

Results: The result indicates that undergraduates in universities in Nigeria have positive attitude towards strategies for handling undergraduate restiveness (Mean = 3.22, N = 310). The result further shows that undergraduates’ in universities have positive attitude towards ICT facility strategies for handling undergraduate students (Mean =3.32). More so, undergraduates in tertiary institutions was rated to have positive attitude towards recreation facilities strategy for handling undergraduate restiveness (Mean = 3.02).

Conclusion: Based on the findings it was concluded that governments, school administrators, lecturers, and counsellors should aid in facilitating ways to curb restiveness among undergraduates as it has a multiplying effect on the general wellbeing of an individual and students in general. Restiveness among undergraduates will be reduced to the barest minimum if all the strategies found effective are been put to use.
Prioritization of Flash Flood-Prone Areas in Small Coastal Basins around the Mediterranean Using Geomorphological Variables
Authors: Kotinas V. A.
Published: July 2021

The present study aims to model flash flood risk in small coastal watersheds in areas that are characterized by Mediterranean climate through extensive morphometric analysis which can prove invaluable for the investigation of flood risk, in ungauged watersheds, where flash floods are frequent. The available topographic data (EU-DEM) are analyzed through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to produce all the secondary variables that are necessary for this morphometric analysis. Watershed prioritization techniques that are applied on geomorphological variables have proven to be an effective way of estimating the relative flash flood risk in a sub-watershed level. A series of morphometric parameters are used (bifurcation ratio, drainage frequency, drainage density, drainage texture, length of overland flow, circularity ratio, form factor, elongation ratio) which have an effect on flood risk. In small watersheds, with intermittent runoff, this effect can be different than in larger watersheds, so our methodology differs significantly from the methodology other researchers use. The compound factor is calculated by aggregating the assigned ranks of these morphometric indices and the sub-watersheds are prioritized according to their flash flood risk. The study area is located in the island of Samos, in Eastern Greece, where flood events are usual and pose a risk to villages and infrastructure around the island. The selected watershed (Imvrasos river) is divided into several sub-watersheds (W-1 to W-8) and a series of morphometric indices are calculated and evaluated through statistical procedures and by applying prioritization techniques, in order to locate the sub-basins that have the highest risk to flash floods. Sub-watersheds W-2 and W-3 (on the southern part of Imvrasos area) show the highest prioritization values, and should be prioritized for better watershed management planning.
Antiproliferative Activity, c-Myc and FGFR1 Genes Expression Profiles and Safety of Annona muricata Fruit Extract on Rhabdomyosarcoma and BALB/c Mice
Authors: Chikwana Naomi , Maina Esther N. , Gavamukulya Yahaya , Bulimo Wallace , Wamunyokoli Fred
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressive solid tumour of skeletal muscles origin whose current treatment is associated with high expenses, severe side effects, drug resistance and tumour regrowth. There is a need to develop safer and more effective chemotherapeutic agents. Annona muricata is one of the widely used plants in treating various diseases due to its reported effectiveness. However, there is a dearth of scientific information regarding the efficacy of Annona muricata on rhabdomyosarcoma and its safety. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Annona muricata ethanolic fruit extract on the antiproliferative activity and gene expression in RD cell line, including its biosafety in BALB/c mice.

Materials and Methods: The resazurin metabolic assay was used to assess the antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities of Annona muricata ethanolic fruit extract on RD and Vero cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the gene expression profiles on c-Myc and FGFR1 genes. To evaluate the safety of the Annona muricata ethanolic fruit extract, an acute oral toxicity study was conducted on BALB/c mice.

Results: Annona muricata ethanolic fruit extract significantly inhibited the growth of RD cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner while being highly selective on the Vero cells (selectivity index of 6.10 at 72h) compared to a reference cancer drug, doxorubicin (Selectivity index of 1.38 at 72hr). The c-Myc and FGFR1 genes were under expressed in RD cells treated with Annona muricata ethanolic fruit extract with (3.4 and 6.1 fold), respectively, compared to untreated cells. Acute oral toxicity studies revealed no significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) between the treated mice and the control group, indicating the safety of the fruit extract.

Conclusion: Annona muricata ethanolic fruit extract can serve as effective and safe anticancer agents against rhabdomyosarcoma and further develop into standard drugs. Non-human primate studies need to be undertaken to step towards the clinical utilization of the Annona muricata ethanolic fruit extract in the management of rhabdomyosarcoma.
An Emerging Transdermal Drug Delivery System: Fabrication and Characterization of Natural and Biodegradable Polymeric Microneedles Transdermal Patch
Authors: Lall Deepesh , Naim MOHD. Javed , Rathore Shruti
Published: July 2021

Promising drug agents are limited by their inability to reach in systematic circulation system when applied on skin, because of the excellent barrier of biological membranes, such as the stratum corneum (SC) of the skin. It is the outermost layer of the skin, SC, the principal barrier to all the topical application applied on skin. Various strategies were employed by many research group and pharmaceutical companies worldwide, for the formulation of microneedles. Therefore, microneedles (MN’s), used to puncture skin, it created the transient aqueous transport pathway and enhanced the trandermal permeability. Microneedles (MN’s) fabricated with natural and biodegradable polymer, such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and dextran. Inverse replication of micro milled master mould reproduced, solid out of natural polymeric microneedles, were subsequently assembled into transdermal patch and physiochemical characterized for dissolution index, mechanical strength constructed physical strong and uniform shape and size and inert profile. Although, dissolvable PVP and PVA based microneedle showed physical stability and MN’s, their different analyzed parameter is of promise for the fabrication matrix device of natural biodegradable polymeric microneedle transdermal drug delivery system.
COVID-19 and Impact on Pregnant Women
Authors: Rajnalwar Deepali , Chakole Swaroopa
Published: July 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19 is the viral infection pandemic that has spread all over the world. Although all people are prone to the infection almost equally, some of them after catching infection may produce more severe clinical symptoms. These are called vulnerable groups and pregnant women are one of them.

Summary: Pregnant women were thought to be not affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in the first wave, but recent observations from the second wave which harbors the mutated versions of novel coronavirus, said to be more virulent and lethal, suggests that pregnant women are not only vulnerable to catching the infection but they can show severe clinical outcomes. Also case fatalities, preterm births are also high among COVID-19 infected pregnant women.

Conclusion: More vaccination among pregnant women is needed to safeguard them as the severity of the symptoms is lowered post-vaccination. To solidify more results, more comprehensive and frequent studies are needed so that correlation can be established.
A Cross-sectional Observational Study to Find out the Pattern of Drug Utilization and Medication Adherence of Anti-Epileptic Drugs (AEDs) among Epileptic Patients at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Kardani Sunil , Hadia Rajesh , Patel Jay , Patel Jeel , Rathod Trupal , Joshi Dhaval , Rathore Chaturbhuj , Baile Sunil , Gohel Kushalkumar , Maheshwari Rajesh
Published: July 2021

Background: Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstay of the therapy for epilepsy, despite the development in recent years of new therapeutic options, such as brain stimulation or Surgery. Objective: To understand the pattern of drug utilization and medication adherence of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) among epileptic patients at a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study of a total of 120 subjects receiving anti-epileptics was done. All the patients with epilepsy were prescribed with anti-epileptic drug who visited, admitted, or referred to the Department of Neurology. All inpatients and outpatients of epilepsy were screened for the study.

Results: A total of 120 patients were included in our study into which (38.33%) were inpatients and (61.67%) were outpatient. The male (56%) patients were more as compared to female (44%) patients. A maximum number of patients were from the age group of 21-40 (41%) year. The majority of the patient were suffered from focal epilepsy (63%), remaining were having a generalized seizure. The highest comorbidities were found to be HTN and diabetes mellitus. Monotherapy was highly prescribed as compare to polytherapy. Among single AED, the maximum prescribed drug was Carbamazepine [30% (N=17)] followed by 25% (N=14) of phenytoin and levetiracetam 21% (N=12). In two AED Combinations, the most prescribed drugs were clobazam + Levetiracetam and Midazolam + phenytoin 12% (N=5) followed by sodium valproate + clobazam 10% (N=4). Highest combination of three AEDs that were prescribed the highest were carbamazepine + Levetiracetam + clobazam and phenytoin + phenobarbitone + sodium Valproate 20% (N=2)

The highest medication adherence was found in patients who were on single AEDs and the lowest adherence was found in the patients who were on more than two AEDs.

Conclusion: Antiepileptic drug monotherapy was highly prescribed as compare to polytherapy. Phenytoin was the most commonly prescribed AEDs followed by carbamazepine and highly prescribed single AEDs were found to be carbamazepine. The patients who were on single epileptic drugs showed the highest adherence as compared to the patients with more than two AEDs.