bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of chamber system in development of agricommerce in Serbia
Authors: Cukic Emil
Published: July 2020

This research is carried out in order to be determined the role of Chamber system in development of agricommerce along with successful preparation of Serbia for EU accession. On February 28, 1857 Prince Aleksandar Karaðorðeviæ signed the Decree, called THE CONSTITUTION OF THE TRADE. By this Decree, the first BusinessAssociation in Serbia was constituted. Under the Law on retail stores passed in June 1910, the first chambers were established. Those were the following: • The Chamber of TRADE • The Chamber of CRAFTS • The Chamber of INDUSTRY • The Chamber ofWORKERS

Today, in conditions of economic and social reforms and transfer toward market oriented economy, chambers in Serbia chose to reconsider their role, by using experiences of chambers in countries with developed market economy.The chamber strives to be organized as independent, business oriented and expert association of economic operators. The structure of economy, from the aspect of important economic indicators (total revenue, profit), shows dominant share of manufacturing andagro-industry, trade, financial and other services sectors, transport, telecommunication, and construction industries. By generating over 30% of GDP and employment, Belgrade plays vital role in the economy of the whole Serbia. That is an advantage, but also the responsibility to constantly stimulate faster development and higher living standards by inciting the positive changes in economic and overall environment.
Generalized coefficients of goods quality and satisfying of consumers demand
Authors: Safiullin Lenar , Safiullin Nail , Ismagilova Gulnara N.
Published: July 2020

In process of work the problems are set and solved. There are problems of social welfare research in conditions of nonhomogeneity of objects and subjects of management, of revealing and substantiating insuperable difficulties in rising of social welfare by approaches, worked out before. Also there developed a new direction in implementation of the most important aim of any socially-oriented economy.
Competiveness of the Hungarian pig sector
Authors: Bartha Andrea
Published: July 2020

The number of Hungarian pig population was 3.2 million in February 2010, 150 thousand less than in the previous year. This included 226 thousand brood sows, 54 thousand less than in the previous year, and this number is expected to fall further next year. In the past two years the number of brood sows decreased to a larger extent in economic organizations than in private farms (KSH, 2010). Despite the rising costs of feedingstuffs, producer prices for slaughter pigs have decreased, therefore private farms with small herds of brood sows haves old their breeding animals for slaughter houses. However, economic organizations mostly tried to restructure their production and place emphasis on plant production, thus improving their situation. These market changes indicate that the sector continues to scale down, production shrinks, market losses are continuous within the sector and vulnerability threaten the players of the product cycle increasingly.
Green house gas mitigation and headline targets of Europe 2020 strategy
Authors: Lazányi János
Published: July 2020

Climate change is considered as one of the biggest challenges of XXI century and global action is needed to mitigate greenhouse gases (GHG) and adapt to changing water levels and temperatures, which affect food supply and ecosystem integrity. Climate change will have significant economic and social impacts in many regions of EU and sectors like agriculture is considered to bear greater adverse affects. Less developed regions and certain sections of society (the elderly and/or low-income households) are expected to suffer more from climate change. Climate change policy of EU, adopted in December 2008, includes ambitious targets for 2020. The policy is focused on a sustainable future with an energy-efficient economy by (i) cutting greenhouse gases by 20% (30% if international agreement is reached), (ii) reducing energy consumption by 20% through increased energy efficiency and iii) meeting 20% of energy needs from renewable sources. In the frame of the headline targets of Europe 2020 Strategy, this paper discusses most important greenhouse gas-emitting activities in agriculture, emphasizes the importance structural changes through the modernisation of infrastructure particularly in developing regions of EU and calls for enhancing the competitiveness of economy to promote energy efficiency.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO SISTEMA PREVENTIVO DE DOM BOSCO PARA A PEDAGOGIA SOCIAL
Authors: Caliman Geraldo
Published: July 2020

O artigo faz uma releitura do sistema educativo de Dom Bosco em base aos principios metodológicos da Educação Social e da projeção para a Educação no seculo XXI feita pela Unesco.  Mais de cem anos antes, Dom Bosco sonhava com uma educação respeitosa de quatro principios educativos, baseados em uma dimensão afetivo-relacional, composta pela bondade, o carinho, a compreensão; uma dimensão racional e científica, cujos elementos principais são o principio da razoabilidade e da aquisição de competências para uma boa integração à sociedade; uma dimensão existencial, que reconhece a importancia de desenvolver o seu ser humano motivado por um projeto e por um sentido que não dispensam a transcendência da vida; uma dimensão tecnológica e profissional capaz de capacitar os individuos na sua integração e participação na sociedade; uma dimensão . A Unesco projetava nos anos 90 quatro dimensões a serem consideradas na educação do presente século, como pilares da educação que coincidem, respectivamente, ao aprender a conviver; aprender a conhecer; aprender a ser e aprender a fazer.
Entre o discurso da excelência e a lógica do controle: os riscos do Programa Ensino Integral na rede estadual de São Paulo
Authors: Girotto Eduardo , Jacomini Márcia
Published: July 2020

Criado em 2012, o Programa Ensino Integral, da rede estadual de educação de São Paulo, tem sido apresentado como um modelo que possibilita melhores condições de trabalho aos docentes, com a garantia de jornada integral e dedicação exclusiva, reivindicações históricas dos trabalhadores em educação. Com o intuito de verificar como se materializam tais discursos, neste artigo discutimos as condições objetivas e subjetivas de trabalho docente em unidades participantes do Programa. Para o estudo, desenvolvemos análise documental da legislação referente ao Programa, disponíveis nos canais de comunicação da Secretaria Estadual de Educação de São Paulo, bem como realizamos um conjunto de entrevistas semiestruturas com professores que lecionam ou lecionaram em escolas PEI, tanto críticos, quanto aqueles que avaliam positivamente o Programa. As análises apontam que o modelo hegemônico de gestão escolar, assentado nos princípios da Nova Gestão Pública, cria um ambiente escolar competitivo, altamente vigiado e controlado, com impacto sobre a subjetividade dos docentes, o que minimiza os possíveis ganhos nas condições de trabalho referentes a jornada integral e a dedicação exclusiva.
Dialogia em sala de aula: contribuições do desenvolvimento de debates e o uso de argumentação no ensino de Química
Authors: Antunes-Souza Thiago , Pin Pucci Renata Helena
Published: July 2020

No presente artigo analisamos as contribuições de práticas de ensino que envolvem o uso de debates e o desenvolvimento de argumentação em diálogo com investigações do campo de estudos e pesquisas da Educação Química. Para tanto, levantamos as publicações socializadas na Revista Química Nova na Escola desde a sua fundação em 1995, por considerarmos esse período representativo da produção científica daquele campo de conhecimento. A análise dos trabalhos foi ampliada, embasada em estudos do campo da linguagem, compreendida como constituidora da subjetividade dos sujeitos (VIGOTSKI, 1934/2014; BAKHTIN, 2006, 2012). Os resultados indicam, primeiro, a atualidade do tema e segundo que há uma unanimidade entre os trabalhos analisados na articulação entre o uso de debates e a abordagem Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade (CTS). O estudo desenvolvido nos permite acenar para as contribuições dessa perspectiva de prática pedagógica como alternativa ao ensino tradicional tanto como possibilidade de articulação entre o desenvolvimento científico e sociedade como caminho de promoção de desenvolvimento de senso crítico, pensamento reflexivo, tomada de decisão e desenvolvimento do pensamento.
Pesquisa como ato político na contemporaneidade, A
Authors: Groppo Luís Antonio
Published: July 2020

Esse artigo tem como objetivo debater sobre o tema do VI Congresso Salesiano de Educação e X Seminário sobre Educação Sociocomunitária, “A pesquisa como ato político na contemporaneidade”, destacando a natureza política da ciência e da pesquisa científica por conta de sua dimensão crítica. Apresenta exemplos de pesquisas recentes do autor, que são parte de um esforço coletivo de fazer uma ciência crítica e com autonomia em relação aos poderes políticos e econômicos. Entre os resultados, destaca-se o potencial poder emancipador da crítica científica, desde que consiga manter relação de autonomia frente aos poderes políticos, sociais e econômicos; também, a construção de pesquisas sobre as juventudes em que, cada vez mais, de tema de investigação elas passaram a ser suas “autoras”, num profícuo diálogo entre pesquisador experiente e sujeitos jovens.
Estado, educação e ações micropolíticas
Authors: Bueno Rogério , Silva Eduardo Pinto e
Published: July 2020

: O capitalismo se constituiu não só como um modo de produção, mas também como uma forma de pensamento hegemônico que invisibilizou outras formas de se produzir e de constituição das pessoas, as alienando e individualizando, ao ponto de que não mais se enxergassem como parte de um todo. Esse processo foi em parte feito mediante o uso de violência exacerbada. Entretanto, existe, por parte do sistema, uma preferência pelo o uso das ideologias que ocultam a realidade da exploração e alienação impostas pelo sistema capitalista. Tem por objetivo analisar as relações entre Estado e ações micropolíticas no campo da Educação. Toma como eixos de discussão conceitos e argumentos do pensamento materialista histórico e a narrativa apresentada no documentário “Dedo na Ferida”, de Silvio Tendler (2017). O referencial teórico usado para embasar a discussão sobre o Estado, educação e ações micropolíticas, é a obra marxiana e marxista, principalmente de pensadores fora do eixo europeu, ou seja, privilegiamos marxistas sul americanos, cujos olhares estão mais aptos para discernirem sobre as reais demandas locais e analisarem as possibilidades de práticas sociais de resistência.
Implementasi Kepemimpinan, Motivasi, dan Budaya Organisasi Kaitannya dengan Profesionalisme Karyawan Tetap
Authors: Wardhana Aditya Wisnu , Sampeadi Sampeadi , Saleh Chairul
Published: July 2020

This study has two objectives. First, describe the implementation of leadership, motivation, and organizational culture in relation to the professionalism of permanent employees. Second, analyze the relationship of leadership, motivation and organizational culture with the professionalism of permanent employees. The object of research is Bank Jatim, Jember Branch. This study uses descriptive and expalanatory design. The population is 47 permanent employees of Bank Jatim, Jember Branch. The sampling method used is a saturated sample technique which is included in nonprobability sampling. With saturated sample techniques, the entire population is used as the research sample. Data collection is done through survey and observation methods. The analytical method used is descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis of Kendall Tau.

Keywords: Leadership, Motivation, Organizational Culture,  Profesionalism
ZAKAT MANAGEMENT POST OF BIRTH UU NO. 23 OF 2011 CONCERNING MANAGEMENT OF ZAKAT
Authors: Tektona Rahmadi Indra , Widiyanti Ikarini Dani , Rahayu Tiya Ningrum
Published: July 2020

Management of zakat after birth No. 23 of 2011, zakat management is the planning, implementation, and supervision of the collection and distribution and utilization of zakat. The purpose of this study is to find out and understand the substantial differences in the management of zakat in Law No.38 of 1999 with Law no. 23 of 2011. The research method used is the type of juridical normative research (legal research). The results of this study there are some differences in the previous and present laws, namely the naming change, the abolition of BAZDA to BAZNAS and formed directly by the minister, the former Amil Zakat Institute formed by the community now formed by Islamic community organizations and its arrangements are increasingly complex, the Government now has the highest position in managing zakat compared to the community and only people who have permission to manage zakat. There are administrative and criminal sanctions.
Plastics and its effect to women reproductive systems
Authors: Lestari Pudji
Published: July 2020

Since it was found in 1940’s, the use of plastic has become a habit, as it is convenient and cheap. It products in a world scale more than 300 million tonnes. What we have to pay for that convenience and cheapness is now obvious. The waste of plastic goods is everywhere. Nowadays, even in rural areas, plastic waste pollutes the environment. Even in the middle of the oceans, islands of plastic refuse are there in the currents.These garbages are deadly to marine life. Globally, we now discard about eight million tonnes of plastics. When it ends up in the seas, fish and turtles take it as a food, swallow it to death or die of starvation because what they have consumed is not real food.
The outcome of Manchester operation in cervical elongation patients with pelvic organ prolapse at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya from January 2015 to June 2017
Authors: Dani Mokhamad Anhar , Azinar Azami Denas , Kurniawati Eighty Mardiyan , Paraton Hari , Hardianto Gatut , Hadi Tri Hastono Setyo
Published: July 2020

Objectives: the aim of this study is to report the outcome of Manchester operation in cervical elongation patients with pelvic organ prolapse at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya from January 2015 to June 2017.Case Report: During January 2015 until June 2017 there were seven patients already performed Manchester operation, however only four patients routine control. In all four cases, three cases were obtained with cervical elongation with a pelvic organ prolap (POP) and one case with cervical elongation. Perform evaluation before and after operation by using questionnaire and inspection of POP-Q system. During the evaluation there was one case with repeated lump complaints diagnosed with a uterine prolap, while one of it was with a posterior compartment prolap, but the patient did not complain during the evaluation. Both of these patients refused to reoperate after evaluation.Conclusion: After Manchester operation in cervical elongation with POP had two cases with repeated prolapse. Questionnaires and POP-Q systems were used to diagnose and evaluate preoperative and postoperative Manchester.
Analysis of maternity patients’ satisfactory to maternity room installment in Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Zulkarnain M Reza , Winardi Baksono
Published: July 2020

Objectives: To analyze the maternity patient satisfaction for services provided in the maternity room of Dr Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya.Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional observational studies. In this study only made observation without intervention. The data used in this study was obtained using form of questionnaires, using Likert Scale. The data is processed by using program SPSS v20 and Microsoft Excell 2007 programResults: During October - December 2017, based on importance performance analysis patient satisfaction divided into 4 quadrant (quadran A,B,C and D), quadrant A is a top priority for service quality improvement. Percentage of performance level nurse or doctor willing to help patient is 52,4%. Percentage of performance level nurse or doctor to inform when the service will be given is 59,9%. Percentage of performance level to keep patient as top priority is 70,3%. Percentage of performance level to look carefully to asptient is 87%. Percentage of performance level to respond patient requet immediately is 90. Based on custumer satisfaction index (CSI) the index score of patient satisfaction is 74,3%, which is that value dexcribes the overall patient in the maternity installation is satisfied with the health service provided.Conclusion: Patient of maternity room at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital is generally satisfied with the current quality of service performace. The value of patient satisfaction showed a value of 74,53% which means almost 75% of patient expectations is fulfilled and the remaining about 25% still need improvement. The particular concern in improvement of service is desire to always help patient, provide information about the treatment, patient always to be top priority, and raising individual attention to the patient.
Adolescence endometriosis with abnormal uterine bleeding: A challenging case report
Authors: Maulina Fita , Botefilia Botefilia
Published: July 2020

Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial tissue outside the Uterus. The true incidence of endometriosis is not really known, but it is believed that 10-15% of all women in their reproductive age will develop endometriosis and 25-35% of all women who are infertile have endometriosis. The true incidence of endometriosis in adolescents is difficult to quantify and estimates vary among different studies. Although in the past it was assumed that endometriosis presented only after many years of menstruation, studies have shown endometriosis to occur prior to menarche and between 1-6 months after the onset of menarche. A 66% of adult women with endometriosis report the onset of pelvic symptoms prior to age 20. Although etiology and pathophysiology of endometriosis is not well‐understood, but increased rate of retrograde menstruation in patients with heavier menses as with bleeding disorder, is a possible mechanism of disease. Here, we report an early adolescent admitted with dysmenorrhea with bleeding disorder, suspected Von Willebrand disease, presenting abnormal uterine bleeding.
Effects of organizational culture on strategy implementation in water boards in Kenya
Authors: Maika Lamet , Wachira Kevin
Published: July 2020

The main objective of the research study was to determine the effects of organizational culture on the success of strategy implementation in Water Boards in Kenya. The descriptive statistics data analysis method was applied to analyze data and presented in frequencies, percentage mean, standard deviation, and chi-square results. Finally, a multiple linear regression model was employed to establish the significance of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The findings are presented using tables and charts. The study findings showed that overall the organization culture influences 73% of the change in strategy implementation in the water boards in Kenya. This means that there is a significant relationship between strategy implementation and the culture of waterboards. The study recommends that; there is need for the waterboards management to encourage employees to work together and they need to involve employees in the decision making, the organization need to create room for creativity and does not follow rules because although it gives results it also limits the employee’s decision-making capacity and there is need for employees to be encouraged to be creative and innovative in taking risks.
Moderating effect of social media on relationship between entrepreneurial networking and performance of youth owned agro-processing SMEs in Kenya
Authors: Ombaka Beatrrice , K. Kariuki Francis K. Kariuki , Kyalo Teresia
Published: July 2020

This paper was anchored on a pragmatic research paradigm. The study used a cross-sectional survey where a self-semi structured questionnaire was administered to collect the primary data from the target population who were youth-owned SMEs. The study was limited to 135 youth-owned enterprises where 357 employees were selected randomly to form the study sample; the key respondents of the study were limited to owner-managers of small and micro enterprises and top management employees. The questionnaires were tested for reliability and validity. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that there is a significant relationship between youth-owned. The study revealed that entrepreneurship networking has a significant effect on the performance of the agro-processing SMEs owned by the youths. However, there is a need for SMEs to further establish networks outside their business circle and seek networks with other bigger firms in the market. The study, therefore, recommends that there is a need for SMEs to invest more in social media marketing and networking of the SMEs for improved performance.
The role of employees’ empowerment on risk management
Authors: Ilhusady Iman Kassem , Demirel Yavuz
Published: July 2020

The Libyan economy under the influence of current political risks that is resulted in a sudden halt in petroleum products following the revolution followed by a halt in major economic activities. The banking sector was not immune to these current economic risks therefore, the banking sector faced non-financial and financial risks.  Our study focuses on human resources with a high level of talent and skills and their role to overcome the banking risks faced by the Libyan banking sector. This is of great importance as the first study addressing the empowerment of human resources in effective risk management in the banking sector, especially in Libya. To a chive the objective of the study the questionnaire method was used to collect data, the survey was distributed to 320 employees and six banks operating in the eastern part of Libya were selected as targets to investigate the risks faced by the banking system as a result of the current political crisis. The result of the research demonstrated there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between the dimensions of employees’ empowerment and effective risk management. It was seen that issues such as training, incentives, and participation, sharing of authority, teamwork for employees are important in risk management. In addition, the risk management and strengthening of human resources among the banks in Benghazi and Al Bayda have been found to differ in their dimensions. The findings in this study seem to be consistent with many findings in the literature.
A comparative analysis of flexible working patterns in Germany and Turkey
Authors: Aydınlı Kulak Fulya , Tüzüner Vala Lale
Published: July 2020

In this study, the extent of flexible working patterns beginning to replace the conventional working models is examined in companies in Turkey and Germany and the extent of flexible working patterns in the two countries is compared. The objectives of the study are to determine the prevalence of these patterns and to find out the similarities and differences regarding flexible working in the two countries. The flexible working patterns focused on in this study are weekend work, shiftwork, overtime work, part-time work, job sharing, flexitime, fixed-term contracts, home-based work, telecommuting, and compressed workweeks. The research, which is designed with the last round database of the CRANET Survey on Comparative Human Resource Management Research, includes the companies in Turkey and Germany of the 35 participating countries (154 companies from Turkey and 278 companies from Germany which makes a total of 432 companies). In the findings section, first of all, the prevalence of each flexible working pattern in the two countries has been presented. Chi-square analysis has been conducted for each of the flexible working patterns to find out if there are any significant differences in the prevalence of these models in the two countries. As a result, it is determined that the extent of the nine flexible working patterns differed in the two countries. This is to say that the prevalence of several flexible working patterns ensuring the work-life balance of the employees is higher in Germany whereas flexible patterns used for economic reasons and do not add value to the work-life balance of the employees are usually prevalent in Turkey. The only similarity between the two countries is the use of home-based work.
Effect of brand communities on consumer engagement and trust
Authors: Niyonkomezi Jeanine , Kwamboka Juniter
Published: July 2020

The use of Facebook as a social media platform has been cited to revolutionize the performance of different brand and firms globally.  The performance of the products and brands has been attributed to the creation of Facebook media brand communities, whose level of engagement influences consumer product outcomes. This study attempted to establish to what extend Facebook social media brand communities and brand engagement on brand trust. The study established that the three attributes of Facebook brand communities positively influenced consumer brand engagement (shared consciousness (?=1.52, p=0.001), shared rituals (?=1.44, p=0.001), obligations to society (?=2.11, p=0.001). The study further established that social media brand engagement positively influenced brand trust. The study recommends that firms should effectively increase their product and brand promotion and engagement through Facebook.
Building empowerment model of cocoa oil small-sized industries to increase value added
Authors: Zaid Sudirman , Hatani La , Yusuf Hayat
Published: July 2020

This study aims to explore the problems faced by cocoa oil small-sized industries and develop an empowerment model design from the perspective of business management to increase added value implemented in the Agropolitan Region in the Province of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach, where data analysis is performed using the Nvivo 12 Plus software. Exploration results show that the perspective of business management which is a problem in the development of cocoa oil small-sized industries is the supply of raw materials; price of raw materials; variable cost; machine capacity; human resources; capital; institutional; product price; market access; assets legality; and partnership. The results of the design of the empowerment model explained that there was a need for a partnership between cocoa oil small-sized industries and other related parties such as; supplier of raw materials and target markets so that this empowerment effort can go well; and it is hoped that there will be government support in managerial aspects, both physical and non-physical so that cocoa oil small-sized industries can increase the added value
Consumers' Choice Factors for Buying Residential Property in the Philippines: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Lee Jose Mari Marcella , Ong Eduardo G.
Published: July 2020

The researcher studied and investigated the level of importance of consumers’ choice mainly price, location, safety and security, facilities and amenities, and exclusivity in the Philippines. This research was limited to 400 potential residential property buyers from any of the top 10 real estate developers in the Philippines. This study focused on 5 consumers’ choice factors mainly price, location, safety and security, facilities and amenities, and exclusivity towards purchase intention of residential property in the Philippines. Among the 5 consumers’ choice factors for buying residential property, the number one consideration is the safety and security (Mean = 5.530), followed by price (Mean = 5.488), location (Mean = 5.424), facilities and amenities (Mean = 5.266), and exclusivity (Mean = 4.983). From this study, four out of five consumers’ choice factors are rated very high important namely: price, location, safety and security, and facilities and amenities. On the other hand, exclusivity is rated of high importance in terms of buying a residential property.
Structural Equation Analysis of Microinsurance Dimensions
Authors: Etrata Antonio Jr Estrada , Trinidad Fernando L
Published: July 2020

The objective of this research is centered on determining different microinsurance dimensions towards promoting the sustainability of the marginalized. This central objective leads to the assumption that microinsurance is a good tool to supplement the lack of or the unavailability of social protection programs intended for those who are socially excluded. Over the years, there have been increased calls among governments all over the world to end poverty.  The call puts to order the use of all available means to attain the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.  As a background, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was adopted in 2015 by all United Nations Member States.  It encompasses 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which is an urgent call for action for all developed and developing countries to form a global partnership in promoting peace and prosperity for people and the planet, now and into the future. The very heart of this framework recognizes that ending poverty and other deprivations must have effective and efficient strategies. The research made use of purely quantitative methods to achieve its objectives. There were 600 questionnaires distributed all over the Philippines but only 422 questionnaires were retrieved. The indicators of microinsurance were factor analyzed using the principal axis method with varimax rotation to determine the underlying dimensions. Since its introduction to the market, microinsurance has been a tool that enables low-income households to become resilient against adversities. In fact, it has been found in various literature that microinsurance has functioned as a social protection mechanism when social services are inadequate or not available. It can be further concluded that microinsurance with its unprecedented growth is eyed as a primary contributor to achieving the majority of the SDG 2030. This monumental role of microinsurance calls for the support of various sectors.  As indicated in the results, financial literacy has to increase among the marginalized to embrace the concept of insurance.  The government likewise has to intervene in promoting microinsurance particularly in areas that are neglected by social services for whatever reasons.
Effect of bank lending on the growth of selected SMEs in Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim Umar Abbas , Ndidi Ifeyinwa Mildred
Published: July 2020

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of bank lending on the growth of selected small and medium scale businesses in Nigeria. There are two basic research designs in social sciences, qualitative and quantitative orientation. However, the literature suggests a growing interest in a mixed approach (triangulation) following on from the argument that one is used to strengthen the other. Often, combining qualitative and quantitative methods, also known as the triangulation of methods, can capture a more holistic, complete, and contextual view of a phenomenon. The research is based on both qualitative and quantitative research designs.  Three research questions were addressed. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 200 respondents drawn from a population of 400 respondents. A research developed questionnaire was used for the data collection. Data were analyzed using simple percentages and tables. The result of the study revealed that Lending to SMEs encourages self-employment thereby reducing the rate of unemployment and crime in Nigeria. It also boosts industrialization as well as improving the economic situation in the Country. In conclusion, bank lending influence positively the level of economic activities and the growth of SMEs in the country. A number of recommendations were made based on the findings prominent among them is the need for Government, Commercial bank, and Central bank of Nigeria to increase lending to small and medium scale business with a view to create more jobs, reduce crime and unemployment as well as boost industrialization in Nigeria.
Audit risk calibration
Authors: Gaber Mohamed , Garas Samy , Lusk Edward J.
Published: July 2020

AS5[v.Dec:2017] issued by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board [PCAOB] requires the use of Analytical Procedures [AP] at the Planning and Substantive Phases of Assurance Audits for firms traded on active exchanges. We argue that one aspect of AP, relative to risk-setting, should be vetting the information that is produced/published by the audit client pertaining to Regulation G [v.SEC:2003] called: Non-GAAP information. In our research, we intend to leverage the longstanding Reg[G] requirements to extend the Non-GAAP information to firm performance profiles reported for the Environment, Social, and Governance[ESG]Platform on BloombergÒ. There are two research foci: (1) Offer an AP-Model that uses GAAP & ESG variables to contribute audit evidence useful in making the decision to launch an AP-Extended Procedures examination of the firm’s Enterprise Resource Planning & Control [ERP&C] protocols, and (2) Profile a random accrual-set of firms indexed on Bloomberg so as to offer population parameter estimates for refining the AP-Model. The AP-Model is based upon correlational associations for the ESG- & GAAP-variables from the: Income, Balance Sheet & Cash Flow Statements. If there seems to be a disconnect between the nature of these associations for the ESG-variables and those of the GAAP-variables, the auditor may use this as audit evidence in making the decision to conduct an Extended Procedures Examination of the firm’s [ERP&C] protocols. As for the other focus, we found that for the accrual of firms tested there is no inferential evidence that the ERP&C-protocols are consistent drivers for both the ESG- and the GAAP variable sets.
Assessing bank’s internal control effectiveness
Authors: Aksoy Tamer , Mohammed Abdullai
Published: July 2020

This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Ghanaian listed banks using COSO’s IC framework. Only Control environment, Risk assessment, and Monitoring activities components of the framework considered for this study. Methodologically, out of the 60 questionnaires, surveys distributed to the banks 37 copies received representing a 61.7% response rate. Statistic Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v25 used to analyze data by running among other reliability tests, tests of normality, and descriptive statistics. The results of means and standard deviations gained ascertained that; strong controls existed in the control environment, risk assessment, and monitoring activities of internal control of the Ghanaian listed banks. A risk assessment had a low average mean compared to the control environment and monitoring activities. Because banks operate under higher risk than any other financial institution, we propose that Ghanaian listed banks should increase investment in risk assessment.
Does the level of social cultural beliefs affect the level of agreement of the respondents on the motivational dimensions of microinsurance?
Authors: Etrata Antonio Jr Estrada , Trinidad Fernando L.
Published: July 2020

Insurance products and services in general are intended to transfer the risks brought about by both man-made and natural hazards from an individual or an entity to another. But since there is a misconception that insurance offered by commercial insurers are expensive and only for the moneyed consumers, or people need a lot of money to insure, insurance is only good for those who have big businesses or valuable properties. The poor and the vulnerable have relied on informal risk-mitigating measures like community-based insurance system or worst do not have any other means to help them cope and become risk-averse. This misconception has led to the conceptualization of microinsurance as an offshoot to microfinance primarily to offer insurance products and services that are affordable, the contractual obligations of both the insured and the insurer are nonlegalistic and lesser technical to make it more understandable to the intended market.  This study aims to assess if social-cultural beliefs affect the level of agreement of the respondents on the motivational dimensions of microinsurance.  A descriptive-correlational method was used in this research.  A 40-item self-made questionnaire was subjected to validity and reliability tests before the same was distributed to six hundred respondents all over the Philippines. There were 422 retrieved questionnaires which 70% of the total number of questionnaires deployed. Conclusively, the results indicate that the level of agreement of the respondents on the motivational dimensions of microinsurance vary from one factor to another
The impact of individual characteristics towards employee performance of millennial employees
Authors: Ilhami Susanti Dwi , Armanu Armanu , Noermijati Noermijati
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of individual characteristics on employee performance of millennial employees. Furthermore, the study was also to test the moderating effect of training on the impact of individual characteristics on employee performance of millennial employees. This research was conducted from six business entities in Yogyakarta which were engaged in media and information technology sectors. This research used saturation sampling. Primary data was obtained by circulating questionnaires to 250 millennials employees, but only 118 questionnaires were returned. The data were analyzed with PLS-SEM using SmartPLS 3.00 application. The result revealed that individual characteristics have a positive and significant impact on employee performance of millennial employees. Furthermore, training cannot moderate the impact of individual characteristics on employee performance. From these findings, we need to underline that the millennial employee's performance would increase if millennial employees increased their individual characteristics in their working activity.
Employment of disadvantaged groups in OECD countries
Authors: Acar Aslı Beyhan , Afacan Findikli Mine
Published: July 2020

In the labour relations literature, groups such as women, students, youth, youth who are neither employed nor in education or training (15-29-year-olds) disabled people, and retirees are accepted as “disadvantaged”. Although the employment of disadvantaged groups or unemployment indicators vary across countries, the employment of disadvantaged groups appears to be a common problem in many countries. In this context, in this study, it was conducted to investigate the dissimilarity of some disadvantaged groups in terms of employment and unemployment among OECD countries, including women, youth, youth who are neither employed nor in education or training. The most dissimilar countries tried to be determined in terms of variables handled within OECD countries. This determination was considered important to make comparisons correctly between countries. Since the most recent data in OECD and World Bank databases belong to 2018, countries that belong to this year and cover the most variables whenever possible are tried to be addressed. Multidimensional scaling analysis (MDS) was used in the research. In macro studies, Cluster or MDS analyses are generally preferred for cross country comparisons. MDS analysis is a method especially used to determine the dissimilarity between units. In this study, it was found that Turkey was the most dissimilar country in other OECD countries in terms of the variables that are used in the study. This study is due diligence and the results should not be considered as good or bad. There are very good examples of countries in the field of employment and social policy, and it is also important to evaluate the locations according to these countries in determining the main results.
Ecotourism of Martapura River Banjarmasin as a Learning Resources on Social Studies
Authors: Abbas Ersis Warmansyah , Handy Muhammad Rezky Noor , Shaleh Rizky M. , Hadi Noorya Tasya Febrylia Witari
Published: July 2020

Sungai sebagai satu bentuk ekosistem memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan di berbagai aspek. Secara khusus jika dimaksimalkan dalam perspektif pariwisata, maka sungai dapat dijadikan sebagai objek wisata yang menarik minat wisatawan. Namun, sungai dapat pula dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan sumber belajar. Tentunya, perihal ini disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan dan relevansi materi ajar. Adapun materi yang relevan dan bisa memuat sungai sebagai sumber belajar adalah mata pelajaran IPS. Penelitian ini mengkhususkan deskripsi ekowisata pada locus penelitian Banjarmasin dengan fokus sungai Martapura dan kaitannya dengan sumber belajar. Dengan demikian tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan bentuk ekowisata sungai Martapura serta relevansinya sebagai sumber belajar IPS. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi; wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dimulai dari reduksi, penyajian, dan verifikasi data. Hasil Penelitian dideskripsikan: 1) ekowisata Sungai Martapura Kota Banjarmasin yang banyak diketahui oleh masyarakat Banjar adalah sungai dan Pasar Terapung yang menggunakan sungai sebagai media tempat jual-beli yang membantu peningkatan perekonomian masyarakat sekitar, sungai juga menjadi sarana transportasi masyarakat Banjar, pemerintah juga dalam tahap berusaha menggunakan media sungai sebagai ikon kota seribu sungai dengan pasar terapung Siring Tendean yang menjadi primadonanya; 2) relevansi sungai martapura sebagai sumber belajar IPS dilakukan dengan menyesuaikan materi pada mata pelajaran IPS khususnya di kelas VII semester I dan II. Pada semester I materi yang dapat disampaikan terdapat pada tema “manusia, tempat, dan lingkungan”. Sedangkan semester II “aktivitas manusia dalam memenuhi kebutuhan”. Sungai Martapura diharapkan mampu memperkaya konten lokal sehingga peserta didik mendapatkan pengalaman pembelajaran yang kontekstual.
The Role of Waste Banks to Improve Community Environment Awareness
Authors: Syaharuddin Syaharuddin , Hidayanti Hidayanti , Mutiani Mutiani
Published: July 2020

Permasalahan lingkungan menjadi polemik bagi masyarakat. Ragam masalah lingkungan menjadikan masyarakat berpikir bagaimana mengatasi permasalahannya sehingga dapat menjaga kelangsungan alam. Satu diantara permasalahan lingkungan adalah peningkatan intensitas sampah dan pengelolaan sampah berbasis lingkungan. Adapun langkah konkret pengelolaan sampah dengan menggerakkan aktivitas 3R (reduce, reuse, dan recycle) melalui bank sampah. Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan aktivitas pengurus dan nasabah yang menerapkan aktivitas 3R yang mampu meningkatkan kesadaran lingkungan masyarakat. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif digunakan dalam penelitian. Tiga tahapan pengumpulan data dan analisis menghasilkan data jenuh mengenai aktivitas 3R di bank sampah gemilang. Hasil penelitian mendeskripsikan bahwa masyarakat mampu melakukan pemilahan dan pengolahan sampah dan mengubah pandangan masyarakat terhadap sampah yang dahulunya menjijikkan menjadi menjanjikan. Bagi masyarakat keberadaan bank sampah gemilang memberikan edukasi terhadap perilaku sadar lingkungan secara konsisten. Hal ini dikarenakan masyarakat sudah bisa memilih sampah rumah tangga sebelum dibuang ke Tempat Pembuangan Sementara (TPS) sampah.
Tajau Production Activities in Kuin Utara as a Learning Resources on Social Studies
Authors: Hapijah Hapijah , Putro Herry Porda Nugroho , Hasanah Mahmudah
Published: July 2020

Pemanfaatan konten lokal ke dalam pembelajaran IPS merupakan salah satu aspek yang mendukung tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran IPS. Pada praktiknya, pembelajaran IPS dominan menggunakan buku teks, sehingga penanaman sikap dan keterampilan terabaikan. Pembelajaran hanya mementingkan penanaman konsep kepada peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan produksi Tajau di Kuin Utara sebagai sumber belajar IPS. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi digunakan sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data digunakan untuk teknik analisis data. Uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi yaitu triangulasi sumber dan perpanjangan waktu penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada kegiatan produksi Tajau terdiri dari beberapa tahapan dari persiapan, bahan, pembentukan Tajau, pengeringan, serta pemasaran. Berbagai tahapan tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber belajar IPS pada materi interaksi antar ruang, interaksi sosial, kegiatan ekonomi, dan perdagangan antar daerah.
FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH DR. ZAINOEL ABIDIN PROVINSI ACEH
Authors: Andika Fauziah , Safitri Faradilla
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAKDi Provinsi Aceh kejadian hipertensi banyak dijumpai baik wanita maupun pria. Jumlah kejadian hipertensi di provinsi Aceh tahun 2015 sebanyak10% rawat jalan dan rawat inap 87 orang,Tahun 2017 sebanyak rawat jalan 29%, rawat inap 90 0rang dan 2 diantaranya meninggal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis factor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi di RSUD dr. Zainoel abidin Provinsi Aceh. Desain penelitian ini adalah Cross sectional dengan jumlah populasi 774 orang dan jumlah sampel 80 orang. Pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi dan wawancara dan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi square dengan CI (Confident Interval) 95%.. Hasil bivariat diperoleh hasil ada hubungan antara kejadian hipertensi dengan umur (P value=0.003, OR=5.113), Jenis Kelamin (p value = 0.743), pekerjaan (p value = 0.341), Stress (p value = 0.274), konsumsi kopi (p value= 0.400), obesitas (p value = 0.041, OR=3.361), Riwayat keluarga (p value =0.0001, OR=6.616). Berdasarkan analisis multivariat diperoleh variabel yang paling dominan adalah variabel riwayat keluarga (p value = 0.001, OR=7.321). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan signifikan antara umur, obesitas dan riwayat keluarga dengan kejadian hipertensi di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Provinsi Aceh.Kata-kata kunci : Hipertensi, faktor risiko  ABSTRACTIn the Province of Aceh the incidence of hypertension is found in both women and men. The number of hypertension events in Aceh province in 2015 was 10% outpatient and 87 inpatient care, 2017 as many as 29% outpatient care, 90 inpatient hospitalizations and 2 of them died. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors associated with the incidence of hypertension in RSUD dr. Zainoel abidin the Province of Aceh. The design of this study was cross sectional with a population of 774 people and a total sample of 80 people. Data collection by means of observation and interviews and using questionnaires. The analysis used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using the chi square test with CI (Confident Interval) 95%. Bivariate results were obtained. There was a relationship between the incidence of hypertension and age (P value = 0.003, OR = 5.113), Gender (P value = 0.743), employment (p value = 0.341), stress (p value = 0.274), coffee consumption (p value = 0.400), obesity (p value = 0.041, OR = 3,361), family history (P value = 0.0001, OR = 6.616). Based on multivariate analysis, the most dominant variable was obtained from the family history variable (p value = 0.001, OR = 7.321). Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between age, obesity and family history with the incidence of hypertension in RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Aceh Province.Keyword: Hipertention, risk factor