bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary hypertensive vasculopathy in parenchymal lung diseases and/or hypoxia
Authors: Ghigna Maria Rosa , Mooi Wolter J. , Grünberg Katrien
Published: June 2017

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) with complicating chronic lung diseases and/or hypoxia falls into group 3 of the updated classification of PH. Patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), diffuse lung disease (such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)) and with sleep disordered breathing are particularly exposed to the risk of developing PH. Although PH in such a context is usually mild, a minority of patients exhibit severe haemodynamic impairment, defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) of ≥35 mmHg or mPAP values ranging between 25 mmHg and 35 mmHg with a low cardiac index (<2 L·min−1·m−2). The overlap between lung parenchymal disease and PH heavily affects life expectancy in such a patient population and complicates their therapeutic management. In this review we illustrate the pathological features and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of pulmonary circulation in chronic lung diseases, with an emphasis on COPD, IPF and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.
Nonsmall cell lung carcinoma: diagnostic difficulties in small biopsies and cytological specimens
Authors: Bubendorf Lukas , Lantuejoul Sylvie , de Langen Adrianus J. , Thunnissen Erik
Published: June 2017

The pathological and molecular classification of lung cancer has become substantially more complex over the past decade. For diagnostic purposes on small samples, additional stains are frequently required to distinguish between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Subsequently, for advanced nonsquamous cell nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients, predictive analyses on epidermal growth factor receptor, anaplastic lymphoma kinase and ROS1 are required. In NSCLCs negative for these biomarkers, programmed death ligand-1 immunohistochemistry is performed. Small samples (biopsy and cytology) require “tissue” management, which is best achieved by the interaction of all physicians involved.
Immune checkpoints in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Wilkinson Tom M.A.
Published: June 2017

Cell-mediated immune responses are vital to the body's defence against infection and play a key role in tumour immunity. T-cell activation and cytotoxic function is tightly regulated by a series of immune-regulatory receptor–ligand interactions or immune checkpoints. These controls limit immune-mediated damage, particularly in the context of chronic infection. However, prolonged signalling through these axes can lead to progressive loss of T-cell function, termed exhaustion.

Understanding of the biology of checkpoints and that exhaustion is reversible has been key to the development of new therapies directed at reversing the dysfunctional status of T-cells, which are dramatically improving outcomes of cancer treatment.

Emerging data suggest that immune checkpoint axes are dysregulated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). T-cells from diseased lungs express the key receptor programmed death (PD)1 and demonstrate loss of cytotoxic function. However, the picture is complex with evidence of downregulation of the associated ligand PDL1 on alveolar macrophages. The resulting impact may be excessive T-cell inflammation as a consequence of acute infection, which may contribute to the pattern of exacerbation and lung damage characteristic of COPD. More work is needed to understand these immune controls in COPD before the therapeutic advances seen in lung cancer can be explored.
Rheopheresis in treatment of idiopathic sensorineural sudden hearing loss
Authors: Kostal Milan , Drsata Jakub , Bláha Milan , Lánská Miriam , Chrobok Viktor
Published: June 2017

Backround

Only few therapeutic options exist for patients with refractory sudden idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss (SISHL). Little is known about the efficacy of second-line therapies. Rheopheresis seems to be an effective therapeutic possibility.

Methods

Between 2012 and 2015, 106 patients with SISHL were enrolled in the study, of whom 52 were refractory to initial treatment. As salvage therapy, these patients were offered either 3 sessions of rheopheresis (33 pts) or intratympanic steroid treatment through MicroWick application (19 pts). Pure tone audiometry was performed at diagnosis, at the 1st month and the 1st year during the follow-up.

Results

Patients in the rheopheretic arm had higher hearing loss than in the MicroWick arm (81% vs. 52%, p = 0.04). In spite of this, there was a significant improvement for patients in the rheopheretic arm (27% of hearing loss reduction, p < 0.001) after the 1st month and this remained unchanged during the 1st year, while no improvement was seen in the MicroWick arm (0% of hearing loss reduction, p = 0.424). We found no predictive factor for steroid-failure in first-line therapy. Older age ( p = 0.003), presence of vertigo ( p = 0.006) and more profound initial hearing loss ( p < 0.001) were identified as negative prognostic markers.

Conclusion

Rheopheresis can be used as a potentially effective and safe salvage therapy for patients with cortico-refractory SISHL.
Adjuvant Cyclophosphamide and Docetaxel With or Without Epirubicin for EarlyTOP2A-Normal Breast Cancer: DBCG 07-READ, an Open-Label, Phase III, Randomized Trial
Authors: Ejlertsen Bent , Tuxen Malgorzata K. , Jakobsen Erik Hugger , Jensen Maj-Britt , Knoop Ann Soegaard , Højris Inger , Ewertz Marianne , Balslev Eva , Danø Hella , Vestlev Peter Michael , Kenholm Julia , Nielsen Dorte L. , Bechmann Troels , Andersson Michael , Cold Søren , Nielsen Hanne Melgaard , Maae Else , Carlsen Dorte , Mouridsen Henning T.
Published: June 2017

Purpose

Administration of anthracycline and taxane therapy in the adjuvant setting is considered a standard for breast cancer. We evaluated a non–anthracycline-based regimen in TOP2A-normal patients.

Patients and Methods

In this multicenter, open-label, phase III trial, 2,012 women with early TOP2A-normal breast cancer and at least one high-risk factor were randomly assigned to receive six cycles of docetaxel (75 mg/m2) and cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m2) every 3 weeks (DC) or three cycles of epirubicin (90 mg/m2) and cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m2) followed by three cycles of docetaxel (100 mg/m2; EC-D). The primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS) after a median of 5 years of follow-up. Secondary end points were patient-reported toxicity, overall survival (OS), and distant disease–free survival.

Results

At a median estimated potential follow-up of 69 months, 5-year DFS was 87.9% (95% CI, 85.6% to 89.8%) in the EC-D arm and 88.3% (95% CI, 86.1% to 90.1%) in the DC arm. There was no significant difference in the risk of DFS events (hazard ratio [HR], 1.00; 95% CI, 0.78 to 1.28; P = 1.00), distant disease–free survival (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.47; P = .40), or mortality (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.59; P = .41) in the intent-to-treat analysis. A significant interaction between menopausal status and treatment group was observed for DFS ( P = .04) but not for OS ( P = .07). Patients with grade 3 tumors derived most benefit from DC, and patients with grade 1 to 2 tumors derived most benefit from EC-D (DFS: interaction P = .02; and OS: interaction P = .03). Patients receiving EC-D reported significantly more stomatitis, myalgia or arthralgia, vomiting, nausea, fatigue, and peripheral neuropathy, whereas edema was more frequent after DC.

Conclusion

This study provides evidence to support no overall outcome benefit from adjuvant anthracyclines in patients with early TOP2A-normal breast cancer.
Amplification and Asymmetric Effects without Collateral Constraints
Authors: Cao Dan , Nie Guangyu
Published: June 2017

The seminal contribution by Kiyotaki and Moore (1997) has spurred a vast literature on the importance of collateral constraints in propagating and amplifying shocks to the economy. However, most papers in the literature using collateral constraints assume non-state-contingent debt, i.e., markets are incomplete. To assess the relative importance of collateral constraints versus market incompleteness, we study a calibrated incomplete markets model and solve it with and without collateral constraints. We find that market incompleteness by itself plays a quantitatively significant role in the amplified and asymmetric responses of the economy, including land price and output, to exogenous shocks. (JEL D52, E32, E44, L26, O41)
valr: Reproducible genome interval analysis in R
Authors: Riemondy Kent A. , Sheridan Ryan M. , Gillen Austin , Yu Yinni , Bennett Christopher G. , Hesselberth Jay R.
Published: June 2017

New tools for reproducible exploratory data analysis of large datasets are important to address the rising size and complexity of genomic data. We developed the valr R package to enable flexible and efficient genomic interval analysis. valr leverages new tools available in the ”tidyverse”, including dplyr. Benchmarks of valr show it performs similar to BEDtools and can be used for interactive analyses and incorporated into existing analysis pipelines.
Artesanato nos estudos organizacionais: a literatura brasileira de 2006 a 2015
Authors: Faria Arilton Marques , Leite da Silva Alfredo Rodrigues
Published: June 2017

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender as maneiras pelas quais pesquisadores do campo dos estudos organizacionais brasileiros utilizaram o artesanato em suas investigações. A discussão se baseou em uma pesquisa bibliométrica sobre o tema nos periódicos nacionais classificados acima do nível B5 na avaliação de 2014 da CAPES. Foi identificada uma amostra de 54 artigos, distribuídos entre 30 periódicos. Como resultado, duas pesquisadoras, da UNIFOR e da UFRGS, e essas instituições as quais estão vinculadas, foram as mais recorrentes na amostra. Também se destacaram dois periódicos, RIGS e O&S, e o tema pesca artesanal. Em 2012, ocorreu a publicação do maior número de artigos. Foi possível identificar o predomínio de artigos empíricos, estudos qualitativos, estratégia metodológica do estudo de caso, entrevista como técnica de coleta e análise de conteúdo como técnica de análise dos dados empíricos. Ao final, os resultados permitiram reflexões sobre o tema e uma agenda de pesquisa.
Refugiados de Bento Rodrigues: o desastre de Mariana, MG
Authors: Silva Géssica Auxiliadora da , Boava Diego Luiz Teixeira , Macedo Fernanda Maria Felício
Published: June 2017

Neste trabalho são analisados oito depoimentos dos sobreviventes do rompimento da barragem da Samarco Mineração em Bento Rodrigues (Mariana, MG). São quatro mulheres e quatro homens que vivenciaram as consequências de perderem suas casas, entes queridos, bens, terras etc. Para tal, fez-se uso da fenomenologia e do método fenomenológico. Para entender a fenomenologia, é necessário compreender que o homem é um “doador de sentido” ao mundo. Logo, o seu método centra-se no homem, especificamente na análise do significado e relevância da experiência humana, buscando captar as essências do que ele vivenciou. Os depoimentos foram coletados em locais em que os moradores foram alojados nos dias subsequentes ao rompimento. Objetiva-se compreender o acontecimento a partir de quem o vivenciou, por isso, a coleta dos depoimentos nos dias seguintes ao desastre.
Guerreiro Ramos: trajetória e interlocutores
Authors: Kopelke André Luiz , Aires Nadja , Boeira Sérgio Luís
Published: June 2017

Este estudo objetiva resgatar parte da trajetória e das ideias de Guerreiro Ramos a partir de relatos e teses de alguns de seus interlocutores brasileiros entre meados da década de 1970 e início da década de 1980, na Universidade Federal da Santa Catarina (UFSC) e na University of Southern California (USC). Utilizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e a metodologia da história oral temática, em entrevistas gravadas com os interlocutores. São esclarecidos motivos e circunstâncias que viabilizaram o retorno de Guerreiro Ramos ao Brasil após o fim do período de cassação de seus direitos políticos. São descritos os fundamentos e objetivos do curso de pós-graduação em Planejamento Governamental na UFSC, em parceria com o governo catarinense e com a USC. São examinadas as teses de docentes, os seus vínculos com a Teoria da Delimitação de Sistemas Sociais e ressaltada a atualidade da contribuição para uma administração pública sustentável em termos sociais, econômicos e ambientais.
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ НА ОСНОВЕ ИНВЕСТИЦИЙ В ОПТИМИЗАЦИЮ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОВ ПО УПРАВЛЕНИЮ СКЛАДСКИМИ ЗАПАСАМИ
Authors: Gabdulakhatova Aliya Nurfaizovna , Ibragimova Kamilla Maratovna , Magazova Liliya Rinatovna
Published: June 2017

Актуальность данной темы обусловлена тем, что управление запасами является одной из важных частей политики управления предприятием в обслуживающем производстве. В статье в наиболее полном составе и содержании сформулирована значимость оптимизации запасов на предприятии, представлены стадии управления запасами, проведен горизонтальный анализ основных результатов деятельности предприятия, а также на основе метода дерева проблем и дерева решений выявлены проблемы и пути оптимизации бизнес-процессов по управлению запасами. Одним из способов улучшения финансового состояния предприятия, путем совершенствования бизнес-процессов в управлении запасами, которое потребует определенных инвестиций, предложено использование услуг логистического центра.Цель – выявление путей оптимизации деятельности предприятия в управлении запасами.Метод или методология проведения работы: в статье использовались методы анализа финансово-хозяйственной деятельности, а также экономико-математические методы.Результаты: получены наиболее информативные параметры, показывающие эффективность оптимизации деятельности предприятия.Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять экономическими субъектами, осуществляющими производство продукции с последующей продажей.
ОЦЕНКА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ОКАЗАНИЯ АУТСОРСИНГОВЫХ УСЛУГ В СФЕРЕ ВНЕШНЕЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ
Authors: Gracheva Evgenia Sergeevna , Ermakova Evgeniya Alexandrovna
Published: June 2017

Несмотря на то, что аутсорсинговые предприятия на российском рынке услуг появились с началом рыночных отношений, существует не так много научных исследований, касающихся вопросов конкуренции и экономической оценки оказания аутсорсинговых услуг в сфере ВЭД.Экономическая интеграция российского бизнеса в международные экономические отношения приводит к усложнению всего национального ВЭК (внешнеэкономического комплекса) и к необходимости развития внешнеэкономической инфраструктуры. Одним из важнейших ее элементов являются услуги по выполнению как вспомогательных внешнеэкономических операций (переводческие, транспортные, таможенные и пр.), так и ведение ВЭД за предприятие-клиента (комплексный аутсорсинг ВЭД).В настоящее время сложились благоприятные условия для развития аутсорсингового бизнеса в сфере ВЭД, что обусловливает необходимость более детального изучения данного вида хозяйственной деятельности и разработки системы показателей оценки экономической эффективности аутсорсинга ВЭД.Цель – дать характеристику комплексного аутсорсинга ВЭД, разработать систему оценки показателей экономической эффективности оказания услуг аутсорсинга ВЭД.Метод или методология проведения работы: при написании статьи нашли применение такие научные методы как функциональный и статистический.Результаты: дано авторское определение комплексному аутсорсингу ВЭД, разработана система показателей оценки экономической эффективности аутсросинга.Область применения результатов: результаты исследования могут быть полезны предприятиям, оказывающим аутсорсинговые и посреднические услуги в сфере внешнеэкономической деятельности.
ПРАВОСУБЪЕКТНАЯ ПРЕДПОСЫЛКА И ОСНОВАНИЕ ПРАВООТНОШЕНИЯ ПО НАЙМУ СЛУЖЕБНОГО ЖИЛОГО ПОМЕЩЕНИЯ
Authors: Papushina Natalya Yur’evna
Published: June 2017

Настоящая статья посвящена вопросам определения правосубъектной предпосылки и основания правоотношения по найму служебного жилого помещения. Автором поставлена цель конкретизации условий правосубъектной предпосылки и определения особенностей основания правоотношения по найму служебного жилого помещения, поскольку ответы на эти вопросы позволяют с достоверностью определить законность занятия лицом такого жилья, что, в свою очередь, лежит в основе вынесения судом справедливого и обоснованного решения как по искам о предоставлении служебных квартир, так и по искам об их освобождении.По мнению автора, условия правосубъектной предпосылки определяются, в первую очередь, характером работы или службы гражданина, которые предполагают возможность его привлечения к исполнению своих обязанностей во внерабочее время. Это исключает возможность предоставления служебных жилых помещений лицам, характер труда которых не отвечает таким условиям.Основание же правоотношения по найму служебного жилого помещения или правообразующий юридический состав образуют несколько самостоятельных правоотношений, из которых одно может быть поименовано как административно-организационное (им охватываются действия уполномоченных органов и лиц по включению жилого помещения в состав специализированного жилищного фонда), а второе как учетно-организационное, охватывающее действия по принятию лица на учет нуждающихся, принятию решения о предоставлении служебного жилья. Кроме того самостоятельным элементом правообразующего юридического состава выступает договор найма служебного жилого помещения.Цель: конкретизация условий правосубъектной предпосылки и элементов юридико-фактического основания правоотношения по найму служебного жилого помещения.Метод или методология работы: при написании статьи автором использовались исторический, формально-юридический, а также сравнительно-правовой методы исследования.Результаты: автором описаны и конкретизированы условия правосубъектной предпосылки, а также элементы правообразующего юридического состава (юридико-фактического основания) правоотношения по найму служебного жилого помещения.Область применения результатов: полученные результаты могут применяться как при дальнейшем доктринальном изучении отношений по найму служебных жилых помещений, так и при разрешении конкретных жилищных споров, касающихся правомерности предоставления служебных жилых помещений и проживания в них
НРАВСТВЕННЫЕ ЦЕННОСТИ И ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЕ ЛЮДЕЙ ВЕДУЩИХ БРОДЯЧИЙ ОБРАЗ ЖИЗНИ
Authors: Issakhanova Assel Alimakhanovna
Published: June 2017

Цель. Нравственные ценности современной личности проявляется через ее ценностные ориентации. Бродяжничество в современном мире приобрело масштабный характер. Все больше людей начинают вести бродяжнический образ жизни, уходя от социальной реальности, не справляясь с натиском глобализации и экономической нестабильности. Проблема бродяжничества рассматривается многими авторами, но от этого не становится менее актуальной. В данной статье рассматривается психологическое самоощущение благополучия личности людей ведущих бродячий образ жизни через самооценку нравственных показателей, а так же затрагивается взаимосвязь психологического благополучия и нравственности личности.Наиболее актуальна, проблема ценностных ориентации становится в зрелом возрасте. Именно в зрелом возрасте большая часть бродяг начинают вести бродячий образ жизни. В связи с чем, ценностные ориентации людей ведущих бродяжнический образ жизни меняются, внося коррективы в поведенческий элемент деятельности личности и изменяя ощущение психологического благополучия.Метод или методология проведения работы. В процессе исследования были использованы психологические методики и опрос выявляющие проблемы с которыми сталкиваются люди ведущие бродяжнический образ жизни.Результаты. Люди без определенного места жительства – это проблема, не только социального характера, но и психологического ведущая к деградации личности и общества в целом во всех ее направлениях социального взаимодействия.
ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ КРЕАТИВНОСТИ УЧИТЕЛЕЙ С БАЗОВЫМИ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИМИ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЯМИ
Authors: Elkina Yana Alexandrovna
Published: June 2017

Статья посвящена актуальной в современных условия образования теме исследования успешности профессиональной деятельности учителей. Профессиональная деятельность учителей оценивается по степени владения базовыми педагогическими компетентностями. Предметом исследования является социальная креативность в педагогической деятельности учителей. Автор ставит цель изучить взаимосвязь социальной креативности учителей с их профессиональной успешностью.Основными методами исследования стали методы сбора эмпирических данных (психодиагностические методики, самооценка и экспертная оценка педагогической деятельности учителей) и методы математико-статистической обработки данных.В заключении представлены результаты исследования взаимосвязи социальной креативности учителей с уровнем развития базовых педагогических компетентностей. Полученные результаты применялись для создания рекомендаций учителям по развитию педагогических компетентностей и успешности профессиональной деятельности.
Modeling the influence of magnetospheric heat fluxes on the electron temperature in the subauroral ionosphere
Authors: Гололобов Артем , Gololobov Artem , Голиков Иннокентий , Golikov Innokentiy , Варламов Илья , Varlamov Ilya
Published: June 2017

We present results of modeling of the electron temperature distribution in the F region of the subauroral ionosphere for different helio-geomagnetic conditions with consideration for magnetospheric heat fluxes. It is shown that under quiet geomagnetic condi-tions during a winter period in the dawn and dusk sec-tors “hot” zones with a higher electron temperature are formed, and under disturbed geomagnetic conditions an annular “hot” region is formed in a time interval 04–06 UT as a result of heat inflow from Earth’s magnetosphere along magnetic field lines. The analysis of the DE-2 satellite data demonstrates that such zones can be formed during geomagnetic disturbances.
On Errors in Terminology on Theory of Surfaces And Geometric Modelling
Authors: Кривошапко  , Krivoshapko S.
Published: June 2017

At present, a great amount of scientific papers, monographs, and reference books dealing with analytical and differential geometry of surfaces have been published. They contain materials for following geometric investigations, for implementation of received earlier geometrical results into architecture, building, and machinery manufacturing. In the paper it has been shown on the specific examples that sometimes the results of geometric investigations for shells’ middle surfaces taken in published references for the following application without check could lead to serious errors because of ones in the surfaces equations or inexactitudes in a surfaces class definition. At present, 38 classes of surfaces, uniting more than 600 ones that have their own names and are described in scientific publications, are known. The author has worked up a great number of researches and found errors, inaccuracies, and alternative versions in monographs and scientific papers, related to questions on geometry of developable surfaces (conic and torse surfaces), surfaces of rev olution (paraboloid and ellipsoid of revolution, nodoid), minimal surfaces (catenoids), conoids, and cyclic surfaces including the canal ones. In actual practice there are much more geometric errors, but in this paper are discussed only well-known geometricians and architects’ works, as well as in this paper there is no information on surfaces that are presented at specialized sites in Internet. Here are encountered misreckoned coefficients for surfaces’ fundamental quadratic forms, there are errors in the formulae for the quadratic forms’ coefficients determination, as well as in the formulae for the calculation a surface element’s area, surface’s principle curvatures, and so on. All of encountered errors have been divided into four groups. The fourth group’s errors named as “typographical errors and authors’ slips of the pen” have been considered fragmentarily because they are encountered the most frequently, and can be corrected by the authors themselves in the following papers.
From foundations to frontiers: the status and perception of formulation teaching in Canadian English-speaking psychiatry residency programs
Authors: Hickey Catherine , Fleury Gille , Penney Angela
Published: June 2017

Aim of the study

Formulation is considered a key competence that should be taught during psychiatry training in residency. The scientific literature indicates shortcomings in teaching this clinical skill such as a lack of standardization and clear guidelines. The main objective of this research was to examine psychiatry residents’ perception regarding teaching of formulation in Canadian psychiatry residency programs.

Subject or material and methods

All Canadian psychiatry program directors in English programs were emailed a link for the study survey. The survey had a mix of closed and open-ended questions. With the exception of one Program Director, the survey link was distributed by all of the Program Directors. 116/661 (17.5%) of residents completed the survey.

Results

Overall, results of this survey indicated that residents did not feel very competent in their formulation skills, although they felt this was an important ability. Residents mostly learn it through individual supervision or through mentoring with a senior resident.

Discussion

Residents suggested a more structured approach in teaching formulation, as well as adding a small group format or workshops.

Conclusions

This research could provide guidance to educators in developing new curricula in the context of the upcoming transition to the competence-based framework by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada.
Psychological interventions in cardiology - short-term motivational strategies
Authors: Mierzyńska Anna , Jurczak Karolina , Piotrowicz Ryszard
Published: June 2017

Cardiovascular diseases are the most important cause of death in industrialized countries. They require long treatment and their prevention is a long-term effort at individual and social levels. Therefore more and more attention is drawn to the psychosocial processes and phenomena associated with people engagement in health harmful behaviour.
The current state of medical and psychological knowledge allows the selection of several major research directions integrating these two areas within cardiology. These directions regard physiological mechanisms of the development of cardiovascular diseases, the impact of psychopathological symptoms on patients' functioning and psychological mechanisms associated with patient compliance. Studies in cardiac patients indicate the effectiveness of many psychological interventions. It has been proven that they have significant impact on the quality of life, a level of anxiety, symptoms of depression, symptoms of post-traumatic stress and mortality in cardiac patients.
The main factor exerting influence on patients' coping with the treatment process and on their commitment to activities beneficial for their health is motivation. The importance of motivation process in the course and effects of treatment was the basis for development of an approach known as Motivational Interviewing (MI), which is an effective tool for promoting involvement of patients in the treatment process. Another effective approach is also a short-term Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT). It allows to cooperate with people in various contexts, including somatic patients, both during hospitalization and outpatient treatment. It is worth noting that the situation in the field of psychocardiology is steadily improving.
Contract Theory: Impact on Biopharmaceutical Alliance Structure and Performance
Authors: Taneri Niyazi , De Meyer Arnoud
Published: June 2017

Alliances for new product development have been studied extensively in the operations management literature. Alliances between an innovator and a partner create value by utilizing their complementary capabilities. In this paper, we seek to understand what drives the alliance structure: the choice between collaborative alliances where the parties exert joint efforts and sequential alliances where, for the most part, the partner takes over going forward. Our analysis of a data set of over 2,000 biopharmaceutical alliances reveals our main finding: a key role of operational choices is to address contract theoretic concerns faced by an alliance. We also find that aligning the choice with predictions based on contract theory has consequences for performance. Therefore, our analysis not only has descriptive power about the drivers of alliance choice, but also provides valuable insight into the performance and eventual fate of alliances formed.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0617 .
Intercalary allograft augmented with intramedullary cement and plate fixation is a reliable solution after resection of a diaphyseal tumour
Authors: Gupta S. , Kafchinski L. A. , Gundle K. R. , Saidi K. , Griffin A. M. , Wunder J. S. , Ferguson P. C.
Published: June 2017

Aims

Intercalary allografts following resection of a primary diaphyseal tumour have high rates of complications and failures. At our institution intercalary allografts are augmented with intramedullary cement and fixed using compression plating. Our aim was to evaluate their long-term outcomes.

Patients and Methods

A total of 46 patients underwent reconstruction with an intercalary allograft between 1989 and 2014. The patients had a mean age of 32.8 years (14 to 77). The most common diagnoses were osteosarcoma (n = 16) and chondrosarcoma (n = 9). The location of the tumours was in the femur in 21, the tibia in 16 and the humerus in nine. Function was assessed using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scoring system and the Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS). The survival of the graft and the overall survival were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results

The median follow-up was 92 months (4 to 288). The mean MSTS 87 score was 29.1 (19 to 35), the mean MSTS 93 score was 82.2 (50 to 100) and the mean TESS score was 81.2 (43 to 100). Overall survival of the allograft was 84.8%. A total of 15 patients (33%) had a complication. Five allografts were revised for complications and one for local recurrence.

Conclusion

Intercalary allografts augmented with intramedullary cement and compression plate fixation provide a reliable and durable method of reconstruction after the excision of a primary diaphyseal bone tumour, with high levels of function and satisfaction. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:973–8.
Proximalisation of the tibial tubercle gives a good outcome in patients undergoing revision total knee arthroplasty who have pseudo patella baja
Authors: Vandeputte F-J. , Vandenneucker H.
Published: June 2017

Aims

The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with and without proximalisation of the tibial tubercle in patients with a failed primary TKA who have pseudo patella baja.

Patients and Methods

All revision TKAs, performed between January 2008 and November 2013 at a tertiary referral University Orthopaedic Department were retrospectively reviewed. Pseudo patella baja was defined using the modified Insall-Salvati and the Blackburne-Peel ratios. A proximalisation of the tibial tubercle was performed in 13 patients with pseudo patella baja who were matched with a control group of 13 patients for gender, age, height, weight, body mass index, length of surgery and Blackburne-Peel ratio. Outcome was assessed two years post-operatively using the Knee Society Score (KSS).

Results

The increase in KSS was significantly higher in the osteotomy group compared with the control group. The outcome was statistically better in patients in whom proximalisation of > 1 cm had been achieved compared with those in whom the proximalisation was < 1 cm.

Conclusion

In this retrospective case-control study, a proximal transfer of the tibial tubercle at revision TKA in patients with pseudo patella baja gives good outcomes without major complications. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:912–16.
The medium- and long-term outcome of total shoulder arthroplasty for primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis in middle-aged patients
Authors: Sowa B. , Bochenek M. , Bülhoff M. , Zeifang F. , Loew M. , Bruckner T. , Raiss P.
Published: June 2017

Aims

Promising medium-term results from total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) have been reported for the treatment of primary osteoarthritis in young and middle-aged patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term functional and radiological outcome of TSA in the middle-aged patient.

Patients and Methods

The data of all patients from the previous medium-term study were available. At a mean follow-up of 13 years (8 to 17), we reviewed 21 patients (12 men, nine women, 21 shoulders) with a mean age of 55 years (37 to 60). The Constant-Murley score (CS) with its subgroups and subjective satisfaction were measured. Radiological signs of implant loosening were analysed.

Results

Two shoulders (two patients) were revised and in two shoulders of two different patients, revision surgery was recommended. The mean CS increased from 23.3 (10 to 45) pre-operatively to 56.5 (26 to 81; p < 0.0001), but with a decrease in CS from 62.8 (38 to 93) to 56.5 (26 to 81) between medium- and long-term follow-up (p = 0.01). Without revision surgery, 18 patients (95%) rated their result as good or very good. The mean radiolucent line score for the glenoid components increased from 1.8 (0 to 6) to 8.2 (2 to 18) between medium- and long-term follow-up (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

TSA in young and middle-aged patients leads to improvement in clinical function and a relatively high satisfaction rate. However, clinical or radiological glenoid loosening worsens in the long term. Further studies are needed to optimise the treatment options in this patient population. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:939–43.
Prediction of the pre-morbid 3D anatomy of the proximal humerus based on statistical shape modelling
Authors: Poltaretskyi S. , Chaoui J. , Mayya M. , Hamitouche C. , Bercik M. J. , Boileau P. , Walch G.
Published: June 2017

Aims

Restoring the pre-morbid anatomy of the proximal humerus is a goal of anatomical shoulder arthroplasty, but reliance is placed on the surgeon’s experience and on anatomical estimations. The purpose of this study was to present a novel method, ‘Statistical Shape Modelling’, which accurately predicts the pre-morbid proximal humeral anatomy and calculates the 3D geometric parameters needed to restore normal anatomy in patients with severe degenerative osteoarthritis or a fracture of the proximal humerus.

Materials and Methods

From a database of 57 humeral CT scans 3D humeral reconstructions were manually created. The reconstructions were used to construct a statistical shape model (SSM), which was then tested on a second set of 52 scans. For each humerus in the second set, 3D reconstructions of four diaphyseal segments of varying lengths were created. These reconstructions were chosen to mimic severe osteoarthritis, a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus and a proximal humeral fracture with diaphyseal extension. The SSM was then applied to the diaphyseal segments to see how well it predicted proximal morphology, using the actual proximal humeral morphology for comparison.

Results

With the metaphysis included, mimicking osteoarthritis, the errors of prediction for retroversion, inclination, height, radius of curvature and posterior and medial offset of the head of the humerus were 2.9° (± 2.3°), 4.0° (± 3.3°), 1.0 mm (± 0.8 mm), 0.8 mm (± 0.6 mm), 0.7 mm (± 0.5 mm) and 1.0 mm (± 0.7 mm), respectively. With the metaphysis excluded, mimicking a fracture of the surgical neck, the errors of prediction for retroversion, inclination, height, radius of curvature and posterior and medial offset of the head of the humerus were 3.8° (± 2.9°), 3.9° (± 3.4°), 2.4 mm (± 1.9 mm), 1.3 mm (± 0.9 mm), 0.8 mm (± 0.5 mm) and 0.9 mm (± 0.6 mm), respectively.

Conclusion

This study reports a novel, computerised method that accurately predicts the pre-morbid proximal humeral anatomy even in challenging situations. This information can be used in the surgical planning and operative reconstruction of patients with severe degenerative osteoarthritis or with a fracture of the proximal humerus. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:927–33.
Diagnostic use of intramedullary reaming biopsy in metastatic long bone disease
Authors: Afinowi RA , Chaturvedi A , Cattermole HR
Published: June 2017

INTRODUCTION

Bone is the third most common site of metastasis. A histological diagnosis is important in guiding therapy and prognosis. In up to 15% of cases of metastatic disease, the primary tumour remains unknown. This emphasises the importance of adequate, reliable and accurate sampling when performing any type of biopsy. Reaming biopsy is commonly performed during intramedullary nailing of metastatic long-bone disease but there is little published evidence on the diagnostic use and reliability of this technique.

AIMS AND METHODS

We reviewed 49 cases of confirmed metastatic bone disease to determine adequacy for analysis, diagnostic accuracy and factors affecting reliability.

RESULTS

Adequate tissue for histopathological analysis was obtained in 96% of cases but metastasis was confirmed in only 51% of cases. The presence of a pathological fracture had no effect on accuracy of the results but metastasis was more likely to be missed in the presence of tissue crushing and or necrosis (P = 0.015).

DISCUSSION

This study determines the use and accuracy of bone reaming biopsy in metastatic disease and, to the best of our knowledge, is the only study determining the effect of additional factors such as the presence of a pathological fracture and tissue necrosis or crushing on the diagnostic accuracy of this technique.

CONCLUSIONS

In spite of adequate tissue sampling, the diagnostic accuracy and, hence, reliability of intramedullary reaming biopsy in metastatic bone disease is less than optimal. A reaming histopathology report suggesting no evident metastasis should always be taken in clinical context.
Lengthening the pedicle of the rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap for repair of upper chest and neck defects
Authors: Zhang JQ , Zhang JM , Liang WQ , Ji CY , Chen YH
Published: June 2017

INTRODUCTION

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the pedicle of the rectus abdominis flap can be lengthened by resecting the inferior costal cartilage segments or associated muscle when repairing upper body defects. A formula was generated that calculates the expected increase in pedicle length.

METHODS

Thirty patients underwent computed tomography. The width and thickness of the third to seventh inferior costal cartilage segments as well as the width of the respective intercostal spaces were recorded. Four patients underwent reconstruction of an upper body defect with the relevant flap.

RESULTS

The expected mean increases in pedicle length were 4.07cm (standard deviation [SD]: 0.31cm) and 4.63cm (SD: 0.54cm) following resection of the left and right sides respectively of the seventh inferior costal cartilage segment, 7.99cm (SD: 0.49cm) and 10.82cm (SD: 0.23cm) following resection of the left and right sides respectively of the sixth and seventh inferior costal cartilage segments while resection of the fourth to seventh inferior costal cartilage segments would equate to increases of 17.48cm (SD: 0.62cm) and 22.05cm (SD: 0.21cm) for the left and right sides respectively. In four patients who required reconstruction, three flaps survived without problems but one flap developed partial necrosis.

CONCLUSIONS

Resecting inferior costal cartilage segments or associated muscle can lengthen the pedicle of the rectus abdominis flap for reconstruction of defects on the upper chest and neck.
Social consequences of family care of adults: a scoping review
Authors: Keating Norah , Eales Jacquie
Published: June 2017

The power of social connections is a contemporary focus of research across world regions. Yet, evidence of challenges to carers’ social relationships remains fragmented and underexplored. We conducted a scoping review of 66 articles to create a state-of-knowledge review of the social consequences of caring. Findings indicate evidence of consequences for relationships with care receivers, with other family members and with broader social networks. Knowledge gaps include changes in relationships across time and in understanding diversity in the types and extent of consequences. Evidence challenges assumptions related to caregiving families and to the sustainability of family care.
Aprendizaje dialógico en escenarios virtuales: Percepción de la comunidad universitaria sobre el diálogo online
Authors: Roura-Redondo Margarita
Published: June 2017

El aprendizaje dialógico fomenta la práctica educativa que potencia la interacción colectiva frente a la individualidad. Tiene por objetivo la transformación, promoviendo el diálogo equitativo y respetando la diversidad. La práctica dialógica, dentro de las teorías de la educación comunicativa, va a enriquecer en gran medida la consecución del aprendizaje y la búsqueda del conocimiento en entornos virtuales donde la comunicación se favorece a través de redes sociales y herramientas comunicativas. Este estudio plantea la pregunta de si la comunidad universitaria está preparada para introducir el diálogo en su práctica educativa. Los resultados han sido analizados mediante la distribución de frecuencias simple desde una perspectiva cuantitativa. A través de un cuestionario se ha podido conocer qué entienden por diálogo profesores y estudiantes universitarios de educación presencial, semipresencial y virtual y cómo consideran que son sus diálogos y los de los demás en diferentes contextos. Se llega a conclusiones tan significativas como que no existe una concepción del diálogo basada en la argumentación sino que consideran que el diálogo se limita a un intercambio de opiniones.
La vinculación del sonotipo con los parámetros contemporáneos de la comunicación
Authors: Torras-Segura Daniel , Roquer-González Jordi
Published: June 2017

El concepto de sonotipo ha emergido en los últimos años como un atributo de marca sonoro que pretende asociar, en un breve lapso de tiempo, unos sonidos con el producto o servicio comercializado. El objetivo de esta investigación es argumentar que el sonotipo, como formato persuasivo-comunicativo, reúne todas las características esenciales de las relaciones comunicativas de la postmodernidad y, por lo tanto, se integra perfectamente y triunfa en el contexto publicitario actual. La metodología utilizada para argumentar esta hipótesis consiste en una revisión de la literatura científica existente y el análisis empírico-descriptivo de siete sonotipos del ámbito de la automoción, a través del cual se relacionaran los atributos descritos con los hábitos de la comunicación actual. Los principales resultados y conclusiones apuntan que el sonotipo es ambiguo y ecléctico a la vez; es breve y efímero; participa en la concentración semántica de ‘supersigno’; apela débilmente a las emociones pero sin embargo potencia la memoria, y, al mismo tiempo, encaja perfectamente con los actuales hábitos de consumo de información ­–también contenidos acústicos o musicales– entre los cuales predomina la individualidad, la movilidad y la predisposición multimedia y multitarea.
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Authors: Studio Magno , Carara Jacqueline
Published: June 2017

Figure of the article:: Benign fibrous histiocytoma of the tongue: a case report;.Authors:  Michele Fonseca BRANTES, Rebeca de Souza AZEVEDO, Silvia Paula de OLIVEIRA, Adriele Ferreira GOUVÊA, Ademar TAKAHAMA JR
Sistema Inalámbrico Modular de Bajo Costo para Supervisar Variables Ambientales en Invernaderos: Un Respaldo al Agricultor de Pequeña Escala - Low-Cost Modular Wireless System to Monitor Greenhouse Environmental Variables: A Small-Scale Farmer Support
Authors: Monroy-García Oscar Yesid , Rolón-Quintero Daniel Camilo , Sepúlveda-Mora Sergio Basilio
Published: June 2017

La supervisión del microclima en invernaderos de la región de Norte de Santander se realiza por parte de los agricultores mediante una estimación intuitiva basada en su actividad empírica adquirida durante los años. Un método que es completamente inadecuado y subjetivo, lo que repercute de manera negativa en el desarrollo y rendimiento de los cultivos, limitando su calidad y producción. Por tal razón, este método de agricultura exige el desarrollo y la implementación de  tecnologías eficaces que ayuden al mejoramiento de la producción. Teniendo en cuenta los bajos  ingresos y bajas inversiones de capital de los pequeños agricultores, el acceso a estos sistemas de supervisión representa un alto costo de inversión y desarrollo, por lo que en muchos casos optan por prescindir de las ventajas que estas tecnologías puedan ofrecerles. Por lo tanto, en este artículo se presenta el diseño y la implementación de un sistema modular de bajo costo que permite la supervisión de variables ambientales en un invernadero. El sistema funciona con el protocolo ZigBee y emplea una red inalámbrica de sensores para recolectar información acerca de la humedad, la temperatura y la luminosidad, la almacena en una base de datos y permite su visualización gráfica en tiempo real y en reportes históricos. El sistema desarrollado tiene la capacidad de transmitir la información medida con un porcentaje de paquetes recibidos entre el 70 % y el 100 %. Además, los nodos alcanzan una reducción de costos mayor al 80 % respecto a nodos comerciales similares.
Procesamiento en paralelo y distribuido en dos SGBDS: un caso de estudio
Authors: Moreno Francisco Javier , Castrillón Charari Nataly , Taborda Zuluaga Camilo
Published: June 2017

Contexto: Una de las estrategias para la gestión de grandes volúmenes de datos es la computación distribuida y en paralelo. Entre las herramientas que permiten aplicar estas características se encuentran algunos sistemas de gestión de bases de datos (SGBD), como Oracle, SQL Sever y DB2.Método: En este artículo se presenta un caso de estudio donde se evalúa el rendimiento de una consulta SQL en dos de estos SGBD. La evaluación se hace mediante diversas formas de distribución de los datos en una red computadores y con diferentes grados de paralelismo.Resultados: Aunque son necesarias pruebas más exhaustivas y con mayor variedad de consultas, se evidenciaron las diferencias de rendimiento entre los dos SGBD analizados.Conclusiones: Las diferencias en rendimiento de los dos SGBDs analizados muestran que a la hora de evaluar este aspecto, se deben considerar las particularidades de cada SGBD y el grado de paralelismo de las consultas.
eTandem Language Learning and Foreign Language Anxiety among Colombian learners of German
Authors: El-Hariri Yasmin
Published: June 2017

Although eTandems, offering the opportunity of real life contact to speakers of one's target language, are suggested as an anxiety-reducing, confidence-increasing approach to language learning, these effects have not been investigated empirically. The aim of this article is to explore the experiences and perceptions of 11 Colombian learners of German as a foreign language who participated in a German-Spanish eTandem project. Data were collected by means of interviews and focus groups, and evaluated using qualitative content analysis. Results support the anxiety-reducing and confidence-raising nature of eTandem Language Learning. These effects, however, are not in every case transferable into the language classroom.