bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of organic food-related lifestyle towards attitude and purchase intention of organic food: evidence from Brazil
Authors: Jungles Bruna Ferreira , Garcia Sheila Farias Alves , Carvalho Dirceu Tornavoi de , Braga Júnior Sérgio Silva , Da Silva Dirceu
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Analisar, no contexto brasileiro, o efeito do estilo de vida relacionado à alimentação orgânica na atitude e intenção de compra dos alimentos orgânicos.Método: Foi desenvolvida uma estrutura conceitual, com um constructo de segunda ordem, o estilo de vida relacionado à alimentação orgânica (OFRL), para avaliar seu impacto na atitude e na intenção de compra, por meio de um survey online com 651 consumidores brasileiros (amostra não-probabilística). Para a análise dos dados, o método escolhido foi a Modelagem de Equações Estruturais, por mínimos quadrados parciais e modelos de caminhos (PLS-PM), utilizando-se o software SmartPLS 2.0.Originalidade / Relevância: Este estudo amplia a literatura e fornece novos insights ao analisar as consequências do OFRL sobre a atitude e intenção de compra de alimentos orgânicos.Resultados: O constructo OFRL é um bom preditor para a intenção de compra de alimentos orgânicos e apresenta forte relação com a atitude, que desempenha um papel mediador na relação OFRL-intenção de compra, melhorando o papel preditivo do estilo de vida relacionado aos alimentos orgânicos em relação à intenção de compra. O modelo explica 19% da variância de atitude e 51% da variância de intenção de compra.Contribuições teórico-metodológicas: Do ponto de vista teórico, este trabalho inova ao propor um constructo de segunda ordem único, composto por variáveis latentes ligadas ao estilo de vida relacionado à alimentação orgânica (OFRL), para medir seu impacto na formação de atitude e intenção de compra em relação aos alimentos orgânicos.
The Functional Movement Screen test as a tool for functional evaluation of movement patterns in long-distance runners
Authors: Sulowska-Daszyk Iwona , Skiba Agnieszka
Published: November 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the results achieved in the Functional Movement Screen test and various aspects of training as well as injury history in long-distance runners. Basic procedures: The study involved 30 long-distance runners aged 20 to 45 years, training regularly from two to seven days a week and covering a total distance from 10 to 100 km. The subjects completed a questionnaire containing queries about training and past injuries. The Functional Movement Screen test was used to assess the quality of movement patterns. Results: The mean total score in the FMS test was 16.03 points. Results within the range from 18 to 21 points were achieved by 6 subjects, 3 of the subjects suffering injuries in the past. Results in the range from 14 to 17 points were obtained by22 subjects, 14 subjects having a history of injury. Ascore below 14 points was reachedby 2 subjects, both of them suffering injuries in the past. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that a lower FMS score is associated with a greater number of injuries in the past. Warming up before training is a good way to prevent injury, while stretching after training does not seem reduce the incidence of injury.
LIMITATION OF THE DEFECTIVENESS OF A DECISION IN THE GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE
Authors: Śladkowska Ewa
Published: November 2021

The issue of the passage of time is important for administrative law, and the legal effects of the passage of time are much more diverse in this branch of law than, for example, in civil law. Until recently there were no general studies of the issue of the statute of limitations in administrative law. According to the current views of doctrine, the statute of limitations is an institution present in administrative law, albeit only in a residual form. Its construction consists of the lapse of time specified in the administrative law regulations and the passivity of the entity authorized to take a particular action, which results in the expiration of rights or obligations. The article attempts to assess whether the time limits for the elimination of administrative acts from legal turnover in extraordinary procedures regulated by the Code of Administrative Procedure can be referred to as the statute of limitations, despite the constructional differences.
CAUSAL EVENTS RELATED TO PRENATAL AND PERINATAL CARE ABOUT OF CIVIL LIABILITY FOR INJURIES SUFFERED BEFORE BIRTH
Authors: Sobas Magdalena
Published: November 2021

The issue of civil liability of injuries suffered before birth it is a multi-threaded and interdisciplinary issue. This subject covers a relatively wide range of causal events that may result in damage to the legally protected property of the victim. This study considers the potential for harm in connection with prenatal care, as well as in relation to perinatal care. The study attempts to define the ways of understanding prenatal diagnosis and to indicate the legal basis for its performance. Possible exemplary causal events related to it were also identified. Delicts related to perinatal care were distinguished as a separate category. The considerations were compared with civil liability for damage.
INDEX OF UNEQUAL TREATMENT OF THE DISABLED. A PRECEDENT JUDGMENT OF THE CJEU
Authors: Świątkowski Andrzej
Published: November 2021

An employer’s practice of paying a salary supplement to disabled employees who submitted a disability certificate after the date chosen by that employer and not taking into account disabled employees who submitted such a certificate before that date, may constitute direct discrimination. It is capable of definitively preventing this time condition from being met in a clearly defined group of workers, consisting of all disabled workers whose disabilities the employer must have known about when the practice was introduced.
Shield-maidens and Norse Amazons Reconsidered Women and Weapons in Viking Age Burials in Norway
Authors: Gardeła Leszek
Published: November 2021

This article was first published in  "Vol. 84 No. 1 (2021)" of Norsk Arkeologisk Årbok in 2021. In 2025 it was re-published in the first issue of Viking Special Volumes.
This paper provides new insights into the custom of burying women with weapons in Viking Age Norway. Possible female graves furnished with swords, axe heads, spearheads and arrowheads are known from Rogaland, Sogn og Fjordane, Telemark, Trøndelag and Vestfold, and although each case is unique, they share some intriguing confluences. In additionto weapons, their assemblages often contain high quality jewellery, curated objects, amulets, and items imported from distant locations. This paper investigates various source critical and methodological issues associated with these finds and situates them in an interdisciplinary context, seeking to propose new ideas on who the deceased were in life and how their mourners wanted to remember them in death.
No Man’s Land or Neutral Ground
Authors: Moen Marianne
Published: November 2021

This article was first published in  "Vol. 84 No. 1 (2021)" of Norsk Arkeologisk Årbok in 2021. In 2025 it was re-published in the first issue of Viking Special Volumes.
This article approaches gender in the Viking Age as a fluid social category, to be understood through an intersectional lens alongside other cultural variables. Using material from the Vestfold region, the article argues that the perceived genders encountered in mortuary remains from the area display a significant amount of social similarities. It therefore proposes to explore the expression of social roles across, rather than within gendered lines. The approach challenges the traditional tendency of dividing gendered archaeological remains based on a few, select categories singled out from the grave goods. It suggests that a more open approach would avoid overlooking real and tangible levels of shared expressions between graves assigned different gender in many mortuary contexts.
The article challenges the idea of a Viking Age instigated by male violence and the interlinked belief that women are naturally less inclined to violence and more disposed to be nurturing and caring. These concepts are examined as modern constructs and as such they are not applicable to the past without scrutiny. I argue that the idea of a Viking Age warriorideology, which leaves no room for women, is culturally ingrained and needs to be questioned in light of both archaeological material and written sources. By critically examining the ideas mentioned above, wider discussions can be created, where gender does not necessarily play a limiting role in the enactment of certain social ideologies. Hence, this article does not seek to detail the specifics of female involvement in war, but rather to explore the cultural contexts that have influenced perceptions of such participation.
The Fight for Nordalbingia
Authors: Lemm Thorsten
Published: November 2021

This article was first published in  "Vol. 84 No. 1 (2021)" of Norsk Arkeologisk Årbok in 2021. In 2025 it was re-published in the first issue of Viking Special Volumes.
It is possible to gain insight into Frankish-Danish relations in Nordalbingia during the early 9th century based on archaeological excavation results and written sources. Such relations were characterised by armed conflicts, political intrigue and shifting alliances. The Frankish fortress of Esesfelth had a key function during this time of unrest. Emperor Charlemagne built it in AD 810, partly to prevent Danish supremacy over the Nordalbingian Saxon territory north of the River Elbe, and partly as a starting point for incorporating it into the Frankish realm. The fortress was an exceptional defensive structure without any known contemporary parallels. As the centre of Frankish administration in Nordalbingia Esesfelth became the target of an attack by combined Danish and Slavic (Obodrite) forces in AD 817. To some extent, the attack can be reconstructed by interpreting excavation results, and simulated with the aid of military theory. The results also present an excellent opportunity to explore various fortification components in detail.
Der Prozess der Kriminalisierung und Inhaftierung drogenkonsumierender Menschen in Deutschland. Implikationen für eine gesundheitsbezogene Rehabilitation und Resozialisierung.
Authors: Stöver Heino , Deimel Daniel , Dichtl Anna
Published: November 2021

Sowohl im Rahmen der Strafverfolgung, des Gerichtswesens, im Strafvollzug als auch im Übergang vom Strafvollzug in Freiheit, kommt es wiederkehrend zu Kriminalisierungsprozessen von Konsumierenden illegaler Drogen. Im Rahmen des vorliegenden Beitrages werden die Dynamiken der Kriminalisierung von Drogenkonsumierenden nachvollzogen und deren negativen Auswirkungen auf die gesundheitliche und psychosoziale Situation dieser Menschen abgebildet. Die hieraus resultierende gesundheitliche Chancenungleichheit verstärkt eine Chronifizierung der Problemlagen und steht einer gesundheitsbezogenen Rehabilitation und Resozialisierung im Wege. Eine Reform der Drogenpolitik, durch Entkriminalisierung der Konsumierenden und eine Neuregulierung des Drogenmarktes sowie eine starke Fokussierung auf wirksame suchttherapeutische und sozialtherapeutische Maßnahmen im Justizvollzug sind daher dringend indiziert, um dieser gesundheitsbezogenen Ungleichheit entgegen zu wirken und eine Rehabilitation und Resozialisierung von drogenkonsumierenden Strafgefangenen zu ermöglichen.
Diagnostic Value of Intraoperative Frozen Section in Breast-Conserving Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Godazandeh Gholamali , Alizadeh-Navaei Reza , Shamshirian Amir , Heydari Keyvan , Shojaee Leyla
Published: November 2021

Context: According to previous studies, using the frozen section procedure during breast surgery reduces the rate of error and the need for re-surgery. We aimed at performing a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to provide reliable evidence on the diagnostic value of frozen section procedures in breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Data Sources: A thorough search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for human diagnostic studies that used the frozen section in BCS. Meta-analyses were done to find the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and negative likelihood ratio (NLR). Study Selection: Human diagnostic studies used the frozen section in breast-conserving surgery and studies that reported the sensitivity and specificity of the frozen section in BCS or contained data that could be calculated the desired parameters were selected for this meta-analysis. Data Extraction: Assessment of studies quality was done and data was extracted from included papers. Then, the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool was used to assess the quality of included papers. Results: Thirty-five papers were entered into our study. The meta-analysis indicated the high sensitivity (83.47, 95%CI 79.61 - 87.32) and specificity (99.29, 95%CI 98.89 - 99.68) for the frozen section in BCS, which resulted in an accuracy of 93.77 (95%CI 92.45 - 95.10). We also found a significant PPV (93.26, 95%CI 91.25 - 95.27), NPV (92.17, 95%CI 90.22 - 94.11), PLR (7.99, 95%CI 6.01 - 9.96), and NLR (0.18, 95%CI 0.14 - 0.23). Conclusions: The findings showed that intraoperative frozen section analysis has high sensitivity and specificity for evaluating lumpectomy margins in patients with early-stage breast cancer and significantly reduces the need for re-operation. Accordingly, re-operation costs are not imposed on the patient and reduce the anxiety of the patients.
Assessment of Breast Cancer Immunohistochemical Properties with Demographics and Pathological Features; A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ariabod Vahid , Sohooli Maryam , Shekouhi Ramin , Payan Kiana
Published: November 2021

Background: Breast cancer is considered the most common malignant disease in the female population. It is known as an emerging epidemy with a great burden on women's health, which can be associated with poor outcomes. Some factors including histological type, immunohistochemistry (IHC), tumor grade, and tumor size can have effects on breast cancer. Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the effects of mentioned factors on IHC type of breast cancer. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 142 patients, who were referred to one of the referral centers for breast cancer in Mashhad. Information including age, histological type, familial history, menopause status, tumor grade, tumor size, and IHC properties was collected from the patient’s medical records. Allred score was used for reporting hormonal status. The data were analyzed by version 26 of SPSS software. Results: The mean age of patient was 50.2 ± 12.7. The frequency of luminal A and luminal B type was calculated as 29.7 and 18.9%, respectively. In addition, triple-negative IHC type has a prevalence of 24.3% and HER2 had a prevalence of 27%. There were no significant differences between age (P = 0.34), familial history (P = 0.42), menopause (P = 0.36), histological type (invasive: P = 0.11, in situ: P = 0.45), and IHC properties. However, tumor diameter (P = 0.0001) and tumor grading (P = 0.002) had significant association with IHC properties. Conclusions: Factors including tumor size and pathological grade can have effects on the gene expression properties of breast cancers. Luminal IHC type A is more common in breast cancer and is associated with better outcomes. However, age, histological type, familial history, and menopause status had no effects on the IHC properties of breast cancer.
Effect of Clinical Skills Evaluation by Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS) Method on Clinical Performance of Operating Room Students
Authors: Nayyeri Somayeh , Bozorgvar Aliakbar , Barzanouni Somaye , Masoumain Hosseini Toktam
Published: November 2021

Background: Evaluation is an essential and integral part of medical education. Based on the evidence, the current common methods are less effective due to the lack of accurate assessment of students' clinical skills. Clinical evaluation of students in the form of direct observation in practical situations will increase their ability to deal with clinical events in specific patient situations. Objectives: In this study, the effectiveness of the direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS) method was compared with the common method in the clinical performance of operating room students. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 30 final-year operating room students in 2019 who had an internship course. Students were randomly assigned to two groups of control (n = 15) and intervention (n = 15). The evaluation of clinical skills was done by the traditional method in the control group and the DOPS method in the intervention group. Data collection was performed by a researcher-made checklist whose validity and reliability were confirmed. Statistical analysis of data was performed by SPSS-20 software using descriptive statistics and chi-square test, independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney test. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics including age, internship score, and gender (P > 0.05). Based on the results of the Mann-Whitney test, the mean rank of procedural techniques and clinical performance score was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The DOPS method can be more effective than routine methods for improving the clinical performance of operating room students. Therefore, it is suggested that the DOPS method be used as an alternative to traditional methods or even as a complementary method for evaluating the clinical performance of operating room students.
Evaluative bibliometric analysis of recent trends in rural tourism literature
Authors: Leković Miljan , Cvijanović Drago , Pantić Nemanja , Stanišić Tanja
Published: November 2021

The development of academic thought is a slow but unquestionable process that leads to a more advanced intellectual structure of the research area. The global growth of tourism demand in rural areas has conditioned the accelerated development of rural tourism, and thus the growing interest of the academic community in this tourism specialism. In this regard, the paper aims to provide insight into recent trends in rural tourism literature and examine the intellectual structure of this discipline. A detailed review of relevant literature published in the Web of Science (WoS) tourism journals and the application of evaluative bibliometric analysis identified the predominant interests of authors and dominant research niches, the most common research regions, the most frequently used research methods, papers that had the highest impact on modelling scientific thought within the subject area, the most productive and influential journals, as well as the authors who have left the most profound trace in the analyzed discipline in the past ten years. It is expected that the paper stimulates academic discussion on the relatively steady interest of researchers and the need for further and more dynamic intellectual development in the field of rural tourism.
Transferring research results to the classroom: Fall incidence records
Authors: Rodríguez-Muñoz Pedro Manuel , Rodríguez-Borrego María Aurora , Morales-Cané Ignacio , Da Fonseca Viegas Selma María , Gonçalves Nitschke Rosane , López-Soto Pablo Jesús
Published: November 2021

Antecedentes: Los registros completos y correctos de los eventos de caídas ayudan a implementar las medidas de prevención. Sin embargo, existe un desconocimiento entre el personal de salud sobre la existencia de un sistema de registro o la necesidad de registrar dichos eventos. El propósito de este estudio fue que los estudiantes de Enfermería realizaran registros de calidad de los eventos de caída y, en consecuencia, desarrollar e implementar un sistema de registro de incidentes de caída de pacientes (REOC) para su uso durante las prácticas clínicas de los estudiantes de enfermería. Método: La investigación-acción participativa (análisis de incidentes críticos) se llevó a cabo en una Facultad de enfermería del sur de España y su hospital de referencia. Entre otras variables, se evaluó la implementación del REOC (intervención), la complejidad de los registros y los resultados de aprendizaje de los estudiantes.Resultados: El instrumento de registro tuvo un impacto significativo en los resultados sanitarios de los pacientes. El REOC fue de complejidad media (42,9%) y baja (42,9%), mientras que el 71,4% adquirió nuevas habilidades a través de la implementación. Los resultados de aprendizaje fueron de nivel medio en el 71,5% de los casos y positivos en el 28,6%.Implicaciones para la práctica: El proyecto propuesto es un ejemplo de una experiencia de innovación-investigación-innovación llevada a cabo en un entorno de enseñanza-aprendizaje utilizando un proceso cíclico de transferencia de conocimientos y retroalimentación.

Background: Complete and correct records of fall events help to implement prevention measures. However, there is lack of knowledge among healthcare personnel about the existence of a recording system or the need to record such events. The purpose of this study was that the nursing students make quality records of the fall events, and consequently to develop and implement a system to record patient fall incidents (REOC) for use during the clinical practicums of nursing students. Method: Participatory action research (critical incident analysis) was carried out at a nursing school in southern Spain and its reference hospital. Among other variables, the implementation of the REOC (intervention), the complexity of records and the students’ learning outcomes were assessed. Results: The recording instrument had a significant impact on patients’ health outcomes. The REOC was of medium (42.9%) and low complexity (42.9%), while 71.4% acquired new skills through the implementation. Learning outcomes were of an average level in 71.5% of the cases and positive in 28.6%. Implications for Practice: The proposed project is an example of an innovation-research-innovation experience carried out in a teaching-learning setting using a cyclical knowledge transfer and feedback process.
A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW ON STOCHASTIC PROGRAMMING MODELS IN THE RETAIL INDUSTRY
Authors: Bisset Chanel , Terblanche Stephanus
Published: November 2021

Optimisation under uncertainty, also referred to as stochastic optimisation, originated during the 1950s. This research field was later extended into prominent application areas, including finance, energy, and production planning. During the 1970s, stochastic programming was first applied in the marketing industry. Interest in this field grew exponentially during the early 2000s, and was identified as one of the most promising future research fields for optimisation. Stochastic programming is an asset for the following world researchers due to its uncertainty calculation. This paper aims to identify and evaluate all existing stochastic programming models in the literature in the retail industry. First, a historical overview of marketing models is provided, with a specific focus on stochastic optimisation. Second, all stochastic programming model applications in the retail industry are identified by conducting a systematic literature review. Last, potential gaps for future research opportunities are identified to help retailers to improve their marketing strategies.
MEASURING TREATMENT EFFECTS OF ONLINE VIDEOS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE USING DIFFERENCE-IN-DIFFERENCES ESTIMATIONS
Authors: Smith Bevan , Buhrmann Jacoba , Chimedza Charles
Published: November 2021

Supplementing student learning with online videos has produced mixed results in respect of improving academic performance. This study proposed that these mixed results, before COVID-19, are due to most of the literature on online videos being observational studies and not taking confounding factors into account. This study applied the difference-in-differences (DID) technique, which measures treatment effects in observational studies. Using student grades data from an engineering mechanics course, the treatment effects of videos were measured 1) on the entire group that used the videos, 2) on those initially with failing and then with passing grades, and 3) on those grouped by grade percentage ranges. It was found that the videos had no effect on the entire group but did significantly affect those who had initial failing grades — specifically, grades of 40% to 49%. A main finding was that initial grades are an indication of how effective the online videos are in improving grades.
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IN THE ICT INDUSTRY: CRITICAL ENABLERS OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
Authors: Naicker Arnold , Naidoo Sugandren , Rajcoomar Amendra
Published: November 2021

Because of the recent introduction of several touchpoints that place purchasing power completely in the customer’s hands, product development directly impacts how a customer experiences an organisation. The purpose of this study was to identify a course of action to overcome the factors affecting customer experience during product development. The research setting was a leading telecommunications firm in South Africa. A quantitative approach was undertaken through an online survey questionnaire. A sample of 120 individuals participated in the study. The findings indicate that system capacity takes precedence over customers. There also appear to be concerns with the significance of the roles of change management, customer experience, and project management functions in product development. It is stressed that customers need to be more actively involved, that an efficient change management tool should be adopted and socialised, and that the principles of the strategic transformation programme management process should be considered.
De la conjugalité à distance au soin du corps du conjoint dans un contexte de migration internationale
Authors: Lestage Françoise
Published: November 2021

Pour nombre de Mexicains, la fin de vie et la mort adviennent dans un espace social, juridique, administratif et géographique binational. À partir de deux cas d’étude emblématiques tirés d’entretiens réalisés avec des couples ruraux de plus de soixante ans originaires de l’État d’Oaxaca, cet article interroge les effets du cadre administratif et juridique binational sur les pratiques d’accompagnement du migrant âgé malade ou défunt par sa conjointe, et sur le choix du lieu de fin de vie du migrant. L’auteure conclut qu’à la fin de la vie, malgré des différences entre les situations des couples et quelles que soient les contraintes du contexte binational, un nouvel équilibre s’établit au profit de l’épouse du migrant chargée de prendre soin du corps malade ou mort de son mari. Une telle situation contraste avec la relation de conjugalité à distance pendant la période migratoire, dominée par l’absence du mari et par le manque de prise de la femme sur l’organisation du temps et de l’espace du couple.
Mourir au village entouré des siens
Authors: Kane Hélène , Fearon Dave
Published: November 2021

Avec le développement des soins biomédicaux en Mauritanie, des malades de plus en plus nombreux reçoivent un diagnostic de maladies non transmissibles — cancers, notamment —, souvent à un stade avancé. À l’issue d’une prise en charge médicale, plusieurs d’entre eux retournent à leur domicile dans des villages éloignés des hôpitaux. Ce contexte produit des situations de fin de vie particulières, posant de nouvelles contraintes aux familles. Cet article propose d’étudier les formes locales d’accompagnement de la fin de vie qui en découlent. Il s’appuie sur une étude anthropologique menée dans plusieurs villages de la vallée du fleuve Sénégal, combinant des entretiens avec des agents de santé exerçant dans cette région, des proches ayant assisté un malade en fin de vie, des imams et quelques notables. Bien que tous s’accordent sur l’impérieuse nécessité d’entourer la personne, de la soutenir moralement et de préserver sa dignité, ces fins de vie mettent à l’épreuve leur rôle et les valeurs qu’ils défendent. Cette étude fournit des éléments pour discuter l’intérêt de promouvoir des soins palliatifs en milieu rural.
Les conceptions du mot soins palliatifs sur le terrain des équipes transversales en France
Authors: Mino Jean-Christophe , Moulin Pierre
Published: November 2021

Plutôt que de créer des lits dans des unités hospitalières spécialisées en soins palliatifs (USP), les pouvoirs publics en France ont choisi de développer en priorité, à partir des années 2000, des équipes dites « transversales », considérées en quelque sorte comme des courroies de diffusion des soins palliatifs auprès de tous les professionnels de la santé. Dans ce contexte, cet article analyse les conceptions du mot soins palliatifs selon les protagonistes des soins de fin de vie, grâce à une nouvelle analyse de données d’enquêtes de terrain que nous avons menées entre la fin des années 1990 et le début des années 2010. Ce travail permet de mettre en évidence le lien entre ces conceptions et le rôle des différents protagonistes dans la division du travail inhérent à la mise en forme de la trajectoire de fin de vie : d’un côté, les profanes y voient l’équivalent d’une annonce de mort ; de l’autre, les équipes transversales des soins palliatifs les conçoivent comme une intervention multidimensionnelle ; enfin, les autres professionnels de la santé les associent à l’arrêt de leurs traitements. Dans le contexte spécifique du développement des soins palliatifs en France, ces visions traduisent la place de ces acteurs dans la chaîne des soins, ce qu’ils font en fin de vie et ce qu’ils pensent pouvoir faire. In fine, ces résultats dessinent, en lien avec certains enjeux sous-jacents, le cadre initial dans lequel les équipes transversales de soins palliatifs ont cherché à trouver leur place dans la médecine française.
A participatory action research on the care for water and life on Earth: a case study of interreligious and intercultural engagements in the time of the pandemic in Thailand
Authors: Ty Rey
Published: November 2021

This article presented a report on an ongoing research project that integrates culture, religion and the environment. Dialectically, the Bible guides this study in the same way that this project responded to the water crisis and the environmental realities obtaining in the real world today. The paper problematizes the lack of direct citizen action on the burning issue of caring for water and life on Earth. Specifically, this article presented a case study in Thailand that deals with a community participatory action research that involves environmental advocacy in the classroom at the university level on the one hand and environmental care through a planting project with the local intercultural and interreligious community on the other hand. The pandemic determines the ebb and flow of the progress of the project, including its sustainability.
Reflexão sobre o uso sustentável dos recursos hídricos a partir de uma experiência com estudantes do ensino fundamental
Authors: Santos Junior Robiran José dos , Fischer Marta Luciane
Published: November 2021

O artigo corresponde a uma reflexão sobre a problemática ambiental da crise hídrica e do valor ético da água a partir do relato de uma experiência com estudantes do ensino fundamental, destacando a importância da fundamentação ética para o desenvolvimento de cidadania. A prática foi vivenciada com estudantes do ensino fundamental II, entre 10 e 14 anos, em uma escola da rede pública do município de Pinhais, Paraná. O percurso metodológico envolveu uma introdução ao tema abordando os conflitos éticos envolvidos, uma pesquisa dos estudantes sobre soluções cotidianas para o uso sustentável da água e a finalização com uma exposição das soluções encontradas para comunidade escolar. Foram obtidos resultados positivos quanto ao interesse e participação dos estudantes quanto a eficácia da ação na formação de valores ambientais. Com base nos resultados foram discutidas questões éticas relacionadas à crise hídrica, a formação valores, o uso sustentável da água e o papel da bioética ambiental na escola. A pesquisa agrega ao conhecimento técnico e ético de profissionais e da sociedade, imputando à educação formal o papel de contribuir para construção de cidadãos autônomos, críticos em suas decisões e protagonistas, para que o bem vital esteja disponível em quantidade e qualidade para todos os seres vivos desta e de futuras gerações.
Plataformas digitales en el sector de los VTC
Authors: Doménech Pascual Gabriel
Published: November 2021

El del transporte urbano de pasajeros con vehículos turismo (taxi y VTC) es, seguramente, el sector donde la irrupción de la economía colaborativa –o, si se prefiere decir así, las plataformas digitales– ha dado lugar a controversias más encendidas, medidas regulatorias más cuestionables y un mayor número de pleitos. En el presente trabajo se hace un breve repaso de las cuestiones regulatorias más candentes que se han planteado, haciendo hincapié en las que todavía están pendientes de resolución en un sentido que no parece fácil avizorar.
Cambios en la oferta de Airbnb durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Adamiak Czesław
Published: November 2021

Airbnb se considera la empresa de turismo de mayor valor en la historia y es el epítome de la economía de plataforma en el turismo, un sector sumido en la crisis ocasionada por la pandemia de COVID-19. El presente artículo presenta el contexto actual de la investigación internacional centrada en Airbnb, describiendo para ello el origen, el estado actual y la posible evolución de la oferta de la plataforma durante y después de la pandemia. Los datos de la oferta mundial de Airbnb en 2018, 2019 y 2020 fueron obtenidos de la plataforma por el método de extracción de datos web (scraping); estos revelaron que el crecimiento dinámico de la oferta de alojamiento se detuvo en el último año. En el transcurso de la pandemia, la oferta de la plataforma ha seguido registrando una dispersión geográfica hacia mercados menos saturados y zonas rurales. Los pisos y los apartamentos enteros siguen siendo cada vez más predominantes en la estructura de las ofertas listadas en la plataforma, mientras que el descenso en el porcentaje de ofertas de anfitriones con ofertas múltiples indica una desaceleración en el proceso de profesionalización de la oferta.
IMPACT OF PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER PLANTS ON THE OVERALL ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
Authors: Kanevče Aleksandra , Tomovski Igor , Kocarev Ljubčo
Published: November 2021

In this paper we analyze the impact of the renewable energy sources on the overall electric power system of the Republic of Macedonia. Specifically, the effect of the photovoltaic power plants is examined. For this purpose we developed an electricity production optimization model, based on standard network flow model. The renewable energy sources are included in the model of Macedonia based on hourly meteorological data. Electricity producers that exist in 2012 are included in the base scenario. Two more characteristic years are analyzed, i.e. 2015 and 2020. The electricity producers planned to be constructed in these two years (which include the renewable energy sources) are also included. The results show that the renewable energy sources introduce imbalance in the system when the minimum electricity production is higher than the electricity required by the consumers. But, in these critical situations the production from photovoltaic energy sources is zero, which means that they produce electricity during the peak load, and do not produce when the consumption is at minimum.
The Development of Multi-scale Data Management for CityGML-based 3D Buildings
Authors: Karim Hairi , Abdul Rahman Alias , Azri Suhaibah , Halim Zurairah
Published: November 2021

The CityGML model is now the norm for smart city or digital twin city development for better planning, management, risk-related modelling and other applications. CityGML comes with five levels of detail (LoD), mainly constructed from point cloud measurements and images of several systems, resulting in a variety of accuracies and detailed models. The LoDs, also known as pre-defined multi-scale models, require large storage-memory-graphic consumption compared to single scale models. Furthermore, these multi-scales have redundancy in geometries, attributes, are costly in terms of time and workload in updating tasks, and are difficult to view in a single viewer. It is essential for data owners to engage with a suitable multi-scale spatial management solution in minimizes the drawbacks of the current implementation. The proper construction, control and management of multi-scale models are needed to encourage and expedite data sharing among data owners, agencies, stakeholders and public users for efficient information retrieval and analyses. This paper discusses the construction of the CityGML model with different LoDs using several datasets. A scale unique ID is introduced to connect all respective LoDs for cross-LoD information queries within a single viewer. The paper also highlights the benefits of intermediate outputs and limitations of the proposed solution, as well as suggestions for the future.
Generalized powers and measures
Authors: Burdak Zbigniew , Kosiek Marek , Pagacz Patryk , Rudol Krzysztof , Słociński Marek
Published: November 2021

Using the winding of measures on torus in "rational directions" special classes of unitary operators and pairs of isometries are defined. This provides nontrivial examples of generalized powers. Operators related to winding Szegö-singular measures are shown to have specific properties of their invariant subspaces.
Spontaneous decay of level from spectral theory point of view
Authors: Ianovich Eduard
Published: November 2021

In quantum field theory it is believed that the spontaneous decay of excited atomic or molecular level is due to the interaction with continuum of field modes. Besides, the atom makes a transition from upper level to lower one so that the probability to find the atom in the excited state tends to zero. In this paper it will be shown that the mathematical model in single-photon approximation may predict another behavior of this probability generally. Namely, the probability to find the atom in the excited state may tend to a nonzero constant so that the atom is not in the pure state finally. This effect is due to that the spectrum of the complete Hamiltonian is not purely absolutely continuous and has a discrete level outside the continuous part. Namely, we state that in the corresponding invariant subspace, determining the time evolution, the spectrum of the complete Hamiltonian when the field is considered in three dimensions may be not purely absolutely continuous and may have an eigenvalue. The appearance of eigenvalue has a threshold character. If the field is considered in two dimensions the spectrum always has an eigenvalue and the decay is absent.
Glutamine deprivation triggers NAGK-dependent hexosamine salvage
Authors: Campbell Sydney , Mesaros Clementina , Izzo Luke , Affronti Hayley , Noji Michael , Schaffer Bethany E , Tsang Tiffany , Sun Kathryn , Trefely Sophie , Kruijning Salisa , Blenis John , Blair Ian A , Wellen Kathryn E
Published: November 2021

Tumors frequently exhibit aberrant glycosylation, which can impact cancer progression and therapeutic responses. The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) produces uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), a major substrate for glycosylation in the cell. Prior studies have identified the HBP as a promising therapeutic target in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). The HBP requires both glucose and glutamine for its initiation. The PDA tumor microenvironment is nutrient poor, however, prompting us to investigate how nutrient limitation impacts hexosamine synthesis. Here, we identify that glutamine limitation in PDA cells suppresses de novo hexosamine synthesis but results in increased free GlcNAc abundance. GlcNAc salvage via N-acetylglucosamine kinase (NAGK) is engaged to feed UDP-GlcNAc pools. NAGK expression is elevated in human PDA, and NAGK deletion from PDA cells impairs tumor growth in mice. Together, these data identify an important role for NAGK-dependent hexosamine salvage in supporting PDA tumor growth.
Effects of arousal and movement on secondary somatosensory and visual thalamus
Authors: Petty Gordon H , Kinnischtzke Amanda K , Hong Y Kate , Bruno Randy M
Published: November 2021

Neocortical sensory areas have associated primary and secondary thalamic nuclei. While primary nuclei transmit sensory information to cortex, secondary nuclei remain poorly understood. We recorded juxtasomally from secondary somatosensory (POm) and visual (LP) nuclei of awake mice while tracking whisking and pupil size. POm activity correlated with whisking, but not precise whisker kinematics. This coarse movement modulation persisted after facial paralysis and thus was not due to sensory reafference. This phenomenon also continued during optogenetic silencing of somatosensory and motor cortex and after lesion of superior colliculus, ruling out a motor efference copy mechanism. Whisking and pupil dilation were strongly correlated, possibly reflecting arousal. Indeed LP, which is not part of the whisker system, tracked whisking equally well, further indicating that POm activity does not encode whisker movement per se. The semblance of movement-related activity is likely instead a global effect of arousal on both nuclei. We conclude that secondary thalamus monitors behavioral state, rather than movement, and may exist to alter cortical activity accordingly.
Remote immune processes revealed by immune-derived circulating cell-free DNA
Authors: Fox-Fisher Ilana , Piyanzin Sheina , Ochana Bracha Lea , Klochendler Agnes , Magenheim Judith , Peretz Ayelet , Loyfer Netanel , Moss Joshua , Cohen Daniel , Drori Yaron , Friedman Nehemya , Mandelboim Michal , Rothenberg Marc E , Caldwell Julie M , Rochman Mark , Jamshidi Arash , Cann Gordon , Lavi David , Kaplan Tommy , Glaser Benjamin , Shemer Ruth , Dor Yuval
Published: November 2021

Blood cell counts often fail to report on immune processes occurring in remote tissues. Here, we use immune cell type-specific methylation patterns in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for studying human immune cell dynamics. We characterized cfDNA released from specific immune cell types in healthy individuals (N = 242), cross sectionally and longitudinally. Immune cfDNA levels had no individual steady state as opposed to blood cell counts, suggesting that cfDNA concentration reflects adjustment of cell survival to maintain homeostatic cell numbers. We also observed selective elevation of immune-derived cfDNA upon perturbations of immune homeostasis. Following influenza vaccination (N = 92), B-cell-derived cfDNA levels increased prior to elevated B-cell counts and predicted efficacy of antibody production. Patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (N = 21) and B-cell lymphoma (N = 27) showed selective elevation of eosinophil and B-cell cfDNA, respectively, which were undetectable by cell counts in blood. Immune-derived cfDNA provides a novel biomarker for monitoring immune responses to physiological and pathological processes that are not accessible using conventional methods.
Supracellular organization confers directionality and mechanical potency to migrating pairs of cardiopharyngeal progenitor cells
Authors: Bernadskaya Yelena Y , Yue Haicen , Copos Calina , Christiaen Lionel , Mogilner Alex
Published: November 2021

Physiological and pathological morphogenetic events involve a wide array of collective movements, suggesting that multicellular arrangements confer biochemical and biomechanical properties contributing to tissue-scale organization. The Ciona cardiopharyngeal progenitors provide the simplest model of collective cell migration, with cohesive bilateral cell pairs polarized along the leader-trailer migration path while moving between the ventral epidermis and trunk endoderm. We use the Cellular Potts Model to computationally probe the distributions of forces consistent with shapes and collective polarity of migrating cell pairs. Combining computational modeling, confocal microscopy, and molecular perturbations, we identify cardiopharyngeal progenitors as the simplest cell collective maintaining supracellular polarity with differential distributions of protrusive forces, cell-matrix adhesion, and myosin-based retraction forces along the leader-trailer axis. 4D simulations and experimental observations suggest that cell-cell communication helps establish a hierarchy to align collective polarity with the direction of migration, as observed with three or more cells in silico and in vivo. Our approach reveals emerging properties of the migrating collective: cell pairs are more persistent, migrating longer distances, and presumably with higher accuracy. Simulations suggest that cell pairs can overcome mechanical resistance of the trunk endoderm more effectively when they are polarized collectively. We propose that polarized supracellular organization of cardiopharyngeal progenitors confers emergent physical properties that determine mechanical interactions with their environment during morphogenesis.
Multilabel convolution neural network for facial expression recognition and ordinal intensity estimation
Authors: Ekundayo Olufisayo , Viriri Serestina
Published: November 2021

Facial Expression Recognition (FER) has gained considerable attention in affective computing due to its vast area of applications. Diverse approaches and methods have been considered for a robust FER in the field, but only a few works considered the intensity of emotion embedded in the expression. Even the available studies on expression intensity estimation successfully assigned a nominal/regression value or classified emotion in a range of intervals. Most of the available works on facial expression intensity estimation successfully present only the emotion intensity estimation. At the same time, others proposed methods that predict emotion and its intensity in different channels. These multiclass approaches and extensions do not conform to man heuristic manner of recognising emotion and its intensity estimation. This work presents a Multilabel Convolution Neural Network (ML-CNN)-based model, which could simultaneously recognise emotion and provide ordinal metrics as the intensity estimation of the emotion. The proposed ML-CNN is enhanced with the aggregation of Binary Cross-Entropy (BCE) loss and Island Loss (IL) functions to minimise intraclass and interclass variations. Also, ML-CNN model is pre-trained with Visual Geometric Group (VGG-16) to control overfitting. In the experiments conducted on Binghampton University 3D Facial Expression (BU-3DFE) and Cohn Kanade extension (CK+) datasets, we evaluate ML-CNN’s performance based on accuracy and loss. We also carried out a comparative study of our model with some popularly used multilabel algorithms using standard multilabel metrics. ML-CNN model simultaneously predicts emotion and intensity estimation using ordinal metrics. The model also shows appreciable and superior performance over four standard multilabel algorithms: Chain Classifier (CC), distinct Random K label set (RAKEL), Multilabel K Nearest Neighbour (MLKNN) and Multilabel ARAM (MLARAM).