bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The topological decomposition of inverse limits of iterated wreath products of finite Abelian groups
Authors: Woryna Adam
Published: March 2013

Let be an arbitrary infinite sequence of nontrivial finite Abelian transitive groups such that the topological rank ρ of the infinite Cartesian product of these groups is finite. We consider the corresponding inverse limit of iterated permutational wreath products. By using the geometric language of automorphisms of a certain rooted tree we show that the group is topologically generated by the union of two sets each containing ρ elements and such that both the group generated by S and the group generated by are free Abelian groups of rank ρ. Moreover, the group G generated by the above union decomposes as
a semidirect product of the group generated by one of these sets and the normal closure of the other set, and the semigroup generated by this union is a free product of semigroups generated by S and , respectively. We derive other algebraic properties of the group G. In particular, the condition for the groups to be finitely generated as profinite groups and some nontrivial results concerning topological ranks of their subgroups are given in this way. For example, for every our construction gives an explicit and naturally defined finitely generated subgroup of an inverse limit of iterated wreath products of finite Abelian groups such that the rank of this subgroup and the topological rank of its topological closure differ by n.
Tattoo, piercing, and adolescent tobacco consumption
Authors: Guéguen Nicolas
Published: February 2013

The objective of the study was to evaluate the link between tattoos and/or piercings and young people’s tobacco consumption.

Methods: A total of 2587 students (1168 females and 1419 males) were asked about tattoos, piercings, and tobacco consumption.

Results: Young men and young girls who had tattoos and/or wore piercings were more likely to report smoking behavior, earlier smoking behavior, and higher cigarette consumption per day. It was also found that both with men and women, the combined effects of piercings and tattoos were associated with an increase in smoking behavior.

Conclusion: Piercings and/or tattoos as well as combined piercings and tattoos appeared as markers of tobacco consumption. Such marks could serve as signs for educators, parents, and physicians.
Service-learning from the views of university teachers: a qualitative study based on focus groups
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Chan Stephen C.F.
Published: February 2013

Under the New Undergraduate Curriculum at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU), students are required to take a 3-credit subject to fulfill service-learning requirements. To understand the views of teachers regarding service-learning, five focus group interviews (n=33) are conducted to examine the perceived characteristics and myths of service-learning as well as colleagues’ views on the policy at PolyU. Results showed that most informants are aware of service-learning and have seen its benefits to both students and teachers. Most informants also possess positive views about service-learning. Nevertheless, in terms of service-learning at PolyU, three different groups of views on service-learning are observed, namely, positive, negative, and mixed views. This paper also discusses teachers’ views on the anticipated difficulties of service-learning implementation and the ways, by which to promote the subject in the PolyU context.
Helping adolescents with greater psychosocial needs: the extension phase of the project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Sun Rachel C.F.
Published: February 2013

Subjective outcome evaluation data were collected from 24,198 students of 236 schools after completion of the Tier 2 Program in the second year of the Extension Phase of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong. Using schools as units of analysis, results showed that the program, implementers, and effectiveness were perceived in a positive manner. Although subjective outcome evaluation findings differed across participant types, grades, and program types did not show significant differences on the outcome measures. Consistent with previous reports, perceived effectiveness of the program was significantly predicted by student perceptions about the program and program instructor. These findings provide support for the claim that the Tier 2 Program is effective in promoting positive development among adolescents with greater psychosocial needs in the extension phase of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong.
Crystal structure of 2-(pyridine-4-yl)-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid, monohydrate, C10H9N3O5·H2O, C10H9N3O5
Authors: Yang Xin-Yu , Feng Xun , Shang Jing-Jing , Shi Zhi-Qiang
Published: March 2013

C10H9N3O5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.6030(8) Å, b = 8.422(1) Å, c = 21.521(3) Å, β = 94.809(2)°, V = 1011.9 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0419, wRref(F2) = 0.1171, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of 1∞[Ni(5-ethyl-3-carboxypyridine-2-carboxylate)2(1,3- di(4-pyridyl)propane)2], 1∞[Ni(Hedpa)2(bpp)2], C31H30N4NiO8
Authors: Li Xiao-Ling , Zhao Yan , Feng Ming-Qiao
Published: March 2013

C31H30N4NiO8, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.687(2) Å, b = 11.145(2) Å, c = 15.704(3) Å, α = 70.304(2)°, β = 89.859(2)°, γ = 73.906(2)°, V = 1525.9 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0320, wRref(F2) = 0.0859, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of tris-(trifluoro-acetate-κO:κO')(μ-1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene- κN:κN')trisilver(I), 2∞[Ag3(CF3COO)3(C12H12N2)], C18H12Ag3F9N2O6
Authors: Li Fu-An , Xu Fu , Yang Wei-Chun
Published: March 2013

C18H12Ag3F9N2O6, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 10.2866(9) Å, b = 11.951(1) Å, c = 12.030(1) Å, α = 112.702(2)°, β = 93.315(2)°, γ = 111.397(2)°, V = 1235.9 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0956, wRref(F2) = 0.3122, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 4-(4H-imidazol-2-yl)benzoic acid, C10H8N2O2
Authors: Feng Xun , Shi Zhi-Qiang , Song Hong-Liang , Wu Xu-Hong
Published: March 2013

C10H8N2O2, orthorhombic, Pca21 (no. 29), a = 15.870(4) Å, b = 3.823(1) Å, c = 13.686(4) Å, V = 830.3 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0418, wRref(F2) = 0.1120, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 14-O-[(3-chlorobenzamide-2-methylpropane-2-yl) thioacetate] Mutilin, C33H46ClNO5S
Authors: Shang Ruo-Feng , Liang Jian-Ping , Guo Wen-Zhu
Published: March 2013

C33H46ClNO5S, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 10.9603(5) Å, b = 11.1542(3) Å, c = 30.7900(9) Å, V = 3764.2(2) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0600, wRref(F2) = 0.1379, T = 293 K
Crystal structure of 2-(tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decan-1-yl)-3-(tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]- decan-1-ylimino)isoindolin-1-one, C28H34N2O
Authors: Ha Kwang
Published: March 2013

C28H34N2O, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.604(1) Å, b = 11.680(2) Å, c = 15.286(3) Å, α = 70.242(4)°, β = 87.390(4)°, γ = 81.377(4)°, V = 1097.1 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0546, wRref(F2) = 0.1604, T = 200 K.
Redetermination of the structure of olmesartan medoxomil, (5-methyl-2- oxo-2H-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)-methyl-4-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2-propyl-1-(-[2- (2H-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl]phenylmethyl)-1H-imidazole-5- carboxylate, C29H30N6O6
Authors: Betz Richard , Hosten Eric , Gerber Thomas , Dayananda Alaloor S. , Yathirajan Hemmige S. , Saji Thomas
Published: March 2013

C29H30N6O6, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.3134(3) Å, b = 21.2095(4) Å, c = 10.8503(2) Å, β = 100.549(1)°, V = 2785.8 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0422, wRref(F2) = 0.1205, T = 200 K
Accuracy of Hospital Administrative Data in Reporting Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections in Newborns
Authors: Patrick Stephen W. , Davis Matthew M. , Sedman Aileen B. , Meddings Jennifer A. , Hieber Sue , Lee Grace M. , Stillwell Terri L. , Chenoweth Carol E. , Espinosa Claudia , Schumacher Robert E.
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVES:

Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are a significant source of morbidity and mortality in the NICU. In 2010, Medicaid was mandated not to pay hospitals for treatment of CLABSI; however, the source of CLABSI data for this policy was not specified. Our objective was to evaluate the accuracy of hospital administrative data compared with CLABSI confirmed by an infection control service.

METHODS:

We evaluated hospital administrative and infection control data for newborns admitted consecutively from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2010. Clinical and demographic data were collected through chart review. We compared cases of CLABSI identified by administrative data (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification 999.31) with infection control data that use national criteria from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as the gold standard. To ascertain the nature possible deficiencies in the administrative data, each patient's medical record was searched to determine if clinical phrases that commonly refer to CLABSI appeared.

RESULTS:

Of 2920 infants admitted to the NICU during our study period, 52 were identified as having a CLABSI: 42 by infection control data only, 7 through hospital administrative data only, and 3 appearing in both. Against the gold standard, hospital administrative data were 6.7% sensitive and 99.7% specific, with a positive predictive value of 30.0% and a negative predictive value of 98.6%. Only 48% of medical records indicated a CLABSI.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings from a major children’s hospital NICU indicate that International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 993.31 is presently not accurate and cannot be used reliably to compare CLABSI rates in NICUs.
Early Morphological Changes in Al Lines During Current Stressing
Authors: Schührer H. , Brückl H. , Reiss G.
Published: March 2013

This paper will show that scanning force microscopy (also known as atomic force microscopy (AFM)) is a good tool to observe the microscopic changes in the morphology of metallic conductor lines during in situ current stressing with a very high spatial resolution. AFM was used to image AlSi1%Cu0.5% meander structures (1 μm thick, 4 μm wide, 44 mm long) at room temperature during current stressing. The microstructure of the material showed significant changes already at a current density of 1.5 MA/cm2, still before voiding and hillock growth occurred. Growth and reduction of the grain sizes and also grooving and widening of the grain boundaries were observed.
Doença cerebrovascular tipo "moyamoya"
Authors: Brandt Reynaldo A. , Tilbery Charles P. , Rodriguez Juan R. C.
Published: February 2013

É relatado o caso de um paciente masculino, branco, 34 anos, que apresentou hemorragia meníngea sem sinais de comprometimento cerebral. A carotidoangiografia direita mostrou as alterações típicas do "moyamoya", com estenose da artéria carótida interna ao nível do sifão, acima da origem da artéria comunicante posterior; há uma rede vascular angiomatosa anormal projetando-se na base do cérebro, da qual nascem as artérias cerebrais anterior e média, sendo as artérias comunicante e cerebral posterior hipertrofiadas e de trajeto tortuoso; há anastomoses meningo-corticiais, sendo as artérias meníngeas hipertrofiadas. A carotidoangiografia esquerda mostrou hipertrofia das artérias carótidas comum e interna, com contrastação de ambas as artérias cerebrais anteriores e médias a partir deste lado; a artéria comunicante anterior é do tipo fetal e há a presença anômala da artéria cerebral anterior mediana do corpo caloso. Estes dados apoiam a teoria segundo a qual a doença constitui anomalia do desenvolvimento vascular encefálico, não tendo sido encontrado outro caso na literatura com hipertrofia vicariante da artéria carótida interna contralateral à da lesão típica do "moyamoya".
Picnodisostose de Maroteaux-Lamy associada a malformações genitais externas: a case report
Authors: Gonçalves Aguinaldo
Published: March 2013

É relatado o caso de menina de 7 anos de idade, com picnodisostose de Maroteaux-Lamy associada a malformações urogenitais externas. Tendo em conta o aparente e progressivo aumento dos traços clínicos desta condição, o caso apresentado pode contribuir para a nosografia da mesma; foi feita a coleta e análise dos dermatóglifos, cujos resultados heterodoxos são apresentados e discutidos.
Doença de Werdnig-Hoffmann: relato de dois casos
Authors: Fortes-Rêgo J.
Published: February 2013

São relatados os casos de dois irmãos com atrofia muscular espinhal proximal. Após conceituar as doenças neuromusculares, o autor tece considerações sibre as diversas formas de atrofia muscular de origem medular e conclui pela evidência da síndrome de Werdnig-Hoffmann.
Detecção de calcificação de aorta abdominal por densitometria
Authors: Sampaio Netto Osvaldo , Hasselmann Caroline Louise , Osterne Evandro Cesar Vidal , Gomes Otoni Moreira
Published: March 2013

OBJETIVO: Analisar a acurácia da detecção de calcificação da aorta abdominal por meio de densitometria em comparação com a radiografia lateral de coluna. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Casuística de 80 indivíduos, sendo 50 com diagnóstico de calcificação de aorta abdominal e 30 sem calcificação. Densitometria realizada uma única vez em cada participante, com o paciente em decúbito lateral direito. RESULTADOS: Em relação à idade e ao índice de massa corporal tivemos grupos semelhantes, com idade média de 74,56 ± 10,55 anos e 68,40 ± 10,80 anos e índice de massa corporal de 28,94 ± 6,06 kg/m² e 26,84 ± 4,11 kg/m² nos grupos com calcificação de aorta abdominal e sem calcificação de aorta abdominal, respectivamente. A comparação estatística da densitometria com a radiografia mostra que são semelhantes na detecção da calcificação de aorta abdominal, com valores de 100% na especificidade e valor preditivo positivo; sensibilidade de 94%, valor preditivo negativo de 90,9% e acurácia de 96,3%. Equivalência qualitativa no diagnóstico foi demonstrada pelo índice de correlação de kappa de 0,922. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados da radiografia e da densitometria são estatisticamente equivalentes, o que permite sugerir a investigação de calcificação de aorta abdominal pela densitometria para a detecção de calcificação da aorta abdominal.
O corpo em uma perspectiva fenomenológico-existencial: aproximações entre Heidegger e Merleau-Ponty
Authors: Almeida Prado Rafael Auler de , Caldas Marcus Tulio , Queiroz Edilene Freire de
Published: February 2013

Nosso objetivo é pensar sobre o corpo em uma perspectiva fenomenológico-existencial, tomando Heidegger e Merleau-Ponty como referência. Nas concepções tradicionais, tem-se compreendido o corpo como mecanismo biológico, contraposto a uma instância suprassensível (razão, psique ou alma), como fonte de prazer erótico e impessoal e, mais contemporaneamente, como cartão de visita submetido aos ditames da moda, da saúde e da boa forma. Seriam essas concepções absolutas ou expressão de determinado modo de ser da sociedade contemporânea? Que implicações têm tais concepções? Haveria algo impensado? A princípio - consideramos -, há muito que se pensar sobre o corpo sob diversos ângulos temáticos e teóricos, e tanto tais concepções tradicionais quanto as atuais são expressões de um modo de pensar de determinada época. Fazendo uma reflexão respaldada no pensamento heideggeriano, procuramos mostrar um dos caminhos possíveis de se repensar o corpo, procedendo a algumas aproximações com o pensamento de Merleau-Ponty. Veremos como a concepção atual de corpo se vincula a determinada concepção de homem e de ser e que temos uma espécie de intimidade original com o mundo que o olhar sobre o corpo aponta. Tal intimidade deve ser recuperada para cultivarmos um modo mais humano e mais próximo com os outros.
Questões éticas da pesquisa em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento
Authors: Alvarenga Patrícia , Piccinini Cesar Augusto , Levandowski Daniela Centenaro , Frizzo Giana Bitencourt , Marin Angela Helena , Villachan-Lyra Pompéia
Published: February 2013

A pesquisa em Psicologia do desenvolvimento impõe aos pesquisadores desafios e dilemas éticos peculiares, especialmente em se tratando de investigações que envolvem crianças e adolescentes. O presente estudo tem o objetivo de apresentar e discutir algumas dessas questões éticas, como a obtenção do Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, o encaminhamento dos participantes para tratamento e a devolução de avaliações, o uso de instrumentos que não foram validados, os dilemas relativos à sexualidade e saúde de adolescentes e as questões éticas referentes à realização de estudos de caso. Os questionamentos e as reflexões propostos basearam-se, essencialmente, na prática de pesquisa dos próprios autores, em grande parte respaldada pela legislação brasileira e pela literatura sobre ética da pesquisa com seres humanos e da pesquisa em Psicologia. Contudo, constatou-se a existência de várias lacunas na literatura sobre o tema, que indicam a necessidade de aprofundamento do debate sobre a ética na pesquisa em Psicologia do desenvolvimento.
Lofts: habitações para além do contexto moderno
Authors: Vasconcelos Bruno Ricardo , Próchno Caio César Souza Camargo , Silva Luiz Carlos Avelino da
Published: February 2013

Este artigo problematiza a habitação humana na contemporaneidade, tomando o loft como objeto de análise. Seu objetivo é dialogar, a partir de perspectivas críticas acerca das implicações que emergem da re-significação do espaço da casa, lócus das relações interpessoais contemporâneas. A partir de um referencial teórico que transita entre a psicanálise e a Sociologia, constata-se que as dinâmicas que se dão num contexto de transição, onde os modos de vida estão em metamorfose, assim como o seu contorno e seu substrato. E nesse contexto, o loft emerge como um símbolo da pós-modernidade, na transposição do espaço público para o privado, sendo um local onde tudo se vê e tudo se mostra, da liquidez das relações e da solidão.
Pais e filhos em psicoterapia: o atendimento clínico com uma criança
Authors: Pretto Zuleica , Langaro Fabíola
Published: March 2013

Este artigo apresenta o relato de um processo psicoterápico realizado com uma criança com base na teoria existencialista de Jean-Paul Sartre. Nele são discutidas questões sobre a infância descritas pela teoria sartreana e por alguns autores existencialistas, bem como são desenvolvidas reflexões sobre esse período da vida e sobre seus desdobramentos para a constituição dos sujeitos. O processo psicoterápico aqui descrito envolveu a participação ativa da mãe da criança, e esse foi um fator considerado determinante para que mudanças na personalidade de ambos pudessem se efetivar. Além disso, a psicoterapia com base na teoria sartreana objetivou ser uma mediação capaz de auxiliar a criança a compreender a forma como estava sua personalidade se constituindo até então, promovendo mudanças em seu projeto-de-ser no intuito de que suas ações no mundo se tornassem, cada vez mais, condizentes com seu desejo. Destaca-se, assim, que ao final do processo, foi possível à criança, bem como à sua família, superar a situação de impasse e de sofrimento que os levaram a procurar o auxílio da Psicologia.
Avaliação de performances por ouvintes: um estudo com estudantes de licenciatura em música da FAMES
Authors: Quadros Júnior João Fortunato Soares de , Brito Mikely Pereira
Published: February 2013

Este estudo investigou a relação entre a variação de expressividade e a preferência de performances na opinião de ouvintes, tomando como objeto de estudo os estudantes do curso de licenciatura em música da FAMES. Partindo da premissa que correlaciona positivamente uma performance expressiva ao nível de apreciação do ouvinte, este trabalho submeteu os estudantes a três performances distintas de uma mesma obra. Dessa maneira, cada performance considerada previamente por juízes independentes como de alta, média e baixa expressividade, recebeu um nível de preferência atribuído por cada aluno e a premissa foi avaliada. Os estudantes também foram solicitados a indicar quais aspectos musicais eles consideram preponderantes na construção de uma performance musical expressiva. Os resultados apontam para uma relação direta entre o nível de expressividade e a preferência de performance. Quanto aos aspectos musicais relacionados à expressividade, confirmam-se as associações feitas pelos ouvintes entre a expressividade na performance musical e as variações de dinâmica, intensidade, tempo, agógica, articulação, altura e timbre.
Uma análise do perfil audiológico de estudantes de música
Authors: Otubo Karina Aki , Lopes Andréa Cintra , Lauris José Roberto Pereira
Published: March 2013

Tocar um instrumento musical requer a integração das habilidades perceptiva, motora, e cognitiva, desenvolvidas modularmente, de forma gradativa e hierarquicamente coordenada. Na realização de uma obra musical, a audição atua de forma marcante na sua complexa associação com o cérebro, capaz de produzir mudanças comportamentais e emocionais nos humanos. O presente estudo analisa o perfil audiológico de estudantes de graduação em Música, que foram submetidos à Avaliação Audiológica (Entrevista, Audiometria Tonal Liminar, Logoaudiometria, e Imitanciometria), além dos exames complementares de Audiometria Tonal de Altas Frequências (AT-AF) e Emissões Otoacústicas Evocadas por Estímulo Transiente (EOAT). Os resultados indicaram que os estudantes apresentam audição dentro da normalidade. Entretanto, ações educativas e preventivas são essenciais para promover a conscientização sobre alterações auditivas nesse grupo de risco.
Development of a Non-protein and Lipid Medium Adopted Cell Line for
Biopharmaceutical Recombinant Protein Expression
Authors: Sasaki Tetsuji , Taniguchi Akiyoshi
Published: March 2013

Recently, many biopharmaceuticals have been developed such as cytokines, growth factors, and antibodies.
These recombinant proteins are mostly expressed by CHO cells. However, the culture medium of CHO cells requires the
addition of serum, which can contain unknown biological substances such as viruses, or requires the addition of expensive
growth factors. To avoid the risks of biological ingredients and to decrease the cost of biopharmaceutical production, we
developed a non-protein and lipid medium adopted (NPLAd) CHO cell line using the adapted culture method. Our results
indicated that autocrine EGF production and insulin addition are essential for NPLAd CHO cell growth. However, the rate
of cell proliferation of NPLAd CHO cells was decreased compared with original CHO-K1 cells. The proliferation of
NPLAd CHO cells was improved by GM3 addition, suggesting increased signaling efficiency of autocrine factors. No difference
was found in the growth rate between original CHO-K1 and NPLAd CHO cells supplemented with insulin and
GM3. The productivity of recombinant protein in NPLAd CHO cells was verified using secreting luciferase reporter system.
As a result, luciferase activity in NPLAd CHO cells showed more than three times higher than in the original CHOK1
cells. The results suggested that this cell line could be useful for biopharmaceutical recombinant protein.
Birds and Land Classes in Young Forested Landscapes
Authors: Hanberry Brice B. , Hanberry Phillip , Demarais Stephen
Published: February 2013

In the Mississippi Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States, we explored relationships among bird species
and vegetation types and landscape characteristics at four different scales. We modeled abundance of priority avian
species from Breeding Bird Surveys using land class metrics at 0.24, 1, 3, and 5-km extents. Our modeling method was
logistic regression and model selection was based on Akaike’s Information Criteria and validation with reserved data.
Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus), red-headed woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus), northern parula (Parula americana), Swainson’s warbler (Limnothlypis swainsonii), prairie warbler (Dendroica discolor), hooded warbler (Wilsonia citrina), and brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater) had models containing positive area or core area variables.
White-eyed vireo (Vireo griseus) and gray catbird (Dumetella carolinensis) had models with a combination of area and
edge associations at different scales. Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens), red-bellied woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus), wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina), and yellow-breasted chat (Icteria virens) had positive edge density models.
Modeling at different scales produced more complete habitat associations for most species and landscape variables
were more influential at larger extents than the smallest extent. Although Mississippi is heavily forested, the landscape is
unexpectedly fragmented, with small areal extents of vegetation types. Managers should seek to provide large extents of a
variety of habitats, including historically representative vegetation types such as low density pine, to support persistence
of a complete suite of avian species.
Short-Term Pretransplant Renal Replacement Therapy and Renal Nonrecovery after Liver Transplantation Alone
Authors: Sharma Pratima , Goodrich Nathan P. , Zhang Min , Guidinger Mary K. , Schaubel Douglas E. , Merion Robert M.
Published: March 2013

Background and objectives

Candidates with AKI including hepatorenal syndrome often recover renal function after successful liver transplantation (LT). This study examined the incidence and risk factors associated with renal nonrecovery within 6 months of LT alone among those receiving acute renal replacement therapy (RRT) before LT.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients data were linked with Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ESRD data for 2112 adult deceased-donor LT-alone recipients who received acute RRT for ≤90 days before LT (February 28, 2002 to August 31, 2010). Primary outcome was renal nonrecovery (post-LT ESRD), defined as transition to chronic dialysis or waitlisting or receipt of kidney transplant within 6 months of LT. Cumulative incidence of renal nonrecovery was calculated using competing risk analysis. Cox regression identified recipient and donor predictors of renal nonrecovery.

Results

The cumulative incidence of renal nonrecovery after LT alone among those receiving the pre-LT acute RRT was 8.9%. Adjusted renal nonrecovery risk increased by 3.6% per day of pre-LT RRT (P<0.001). Age at LT per 5 years (P=0.02), previous-LT (P=0.01), and pre-LT diabetes (P<0.001) were significant risk factors of renal nonrecovery. Twenty-one percent of recipients died within 6 months of LT. Duration of pretransplant RRT did not predict 6-month post-transplant mortality.

Conclusions

Among recipients on acute RRT before LT who survived after LT alone, the majority recovered their renal function within 6 months of LT. Longer pre-LT RRT duration, advanced age, diabetes, and re-LT were significantly associated with increased risk of renal nonrecovery.
Numerical Study of Laminar Fully Developed Non-Newtonian Liquid Flow in Rough Circular Microchannel
Authors: Vashishtha Manish , Thakkar Jay
Published: March 2013

The present study aims to unveil the characteristics of fully developed laminar, incompressible, pressure driven non-Newtonian liquid flow in rough circular microchannels. In the present analysis Gaussian isotropic roughness distribution in circular microchannel is considered. The effect of varying surface wall roughness and flow behavior index has been studied numerically for both the pseudo plastic and dilatant fluids. It is found out that while increasing the relative roughness for a particular flow behavior index, the frictional resistance to flow in the microchannel increases and the effect is more pronounced in the case of pseudo plastic fluids. In the case of a pseudo plastic liquid flow for a constant relative surface wall roughness, on decreasing the value of flow behavior index below 1, the frictional resistance to the flow in the channel increases. While in the case of dilatant fluids with increasing the value of flow behavior index from 1 and above for a constant relative surface wall roughness the frictional resistance to the flow in the channel decreases.
Evidences of Multicomponent Structure of the Migratory Stock and Morphological Distinctions of Shads from the Genus Alosa (Clupeaformes, Alosiinae) of the Sea of Azov
Authors: Mezhzherin S. V. , Vernygora O. V.
Published: March 2013

Migratory stocks of shads passing through the Kerch strait during their seasonal migrations consist of three groups of specimens, that can be identified based on the number of gill rakers on the first arch. These are so called Kerch shad A. maeotica (50.2 %), Pontic shad A. immaculata (48.7 %) and Caspian shad A. caspia (1.1 %). This ratio of species in the region remains stable for the last 60 years. Populations of Kerch and Pontic shads have similar age structure and sex ratio with a shift toward females 52-54 %. Specimens of A. maeotica have greater linear size and weight than those of A. immacuta, that indicates higher growth rate of the former. Analysis of 26 body measurements shows definite differences between these shads in their absolute features, there are also some differences in the proportions of the head. Nevertheless, degree and reproducibility of interspecific differences during various periods of time, do not allow for the reliable discrimination of specimens of these species assumed by some researchers
Correlations Between Hardness of Food and Craniodental Traits in Nine Myotis Species (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae)
Authors: Ghazali M. , Dzeverin I.
Published: March 2013

Absract

We studied 8 skull and 42 dental characters in nine Myotis species (M. myotis, M. blythii, M. bechsteinii, M. dasycneme, M. emarginatus, M. nattereri, M. daubentonii, M. brandtii, M. mystacinus) to analyze correlations between hardness of food and skull and dental traits. Contrary to the common bat pattern, Myotis that are specialized on hard-shelled dietary items tend to have relatively narrow skull and long tooth rows. The dentition of durophagous Myotis is composed by relatively enlarged second and reduced third molars.
Avulsion Fracture of the Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
Authors: Naylor Jacob A. , Goffar Stephen L. , Chugg Jared
Published: March 2013

The patient was a 17-year-old adolescent male who was referred to a physical therapist for a chief complaint of anterior right hip pain. The physical therapist reviewed the patient's radiographs, which had been completed and interpreted as normal prior to referral, and determined that there were radiographic signs present that may be concerning for an avulsion fracture. Further evaluation through magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the presence of an avulsion fracture at the right anterior superior iliac spine.

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(3):195. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.0406
Value of Research on Safety Effects of Actions
Authors: Hauer Ezra , Bonneson James A. , Council Forrest , Srinivasan Raghavan , Bahar Geni
Published: February 2013

Money should be spent on research that promises the most value for the dollar, but how does one estimate the value of research? This paper suggests a logical and quantitative approach for estimating the dollar value of a class of proposed road safety research projects that aim to estimate the safety effects of various actions. The purpose of such research is to improve the ability to predict the safety effects of future actions because more accurate predictions would result in fewer incorrect decisions. With more correct decisions, investment is more cost-effective. This final outcome is what gives such research its value. The task of assigning a dollar value to proposed research is doable. The logic and the computations are described. The estimated dollar value, when coupled with the cost of research, can be used to prioritize proposed research projects.
Roles of Vehicle Footprint, Height, and Weight in Crash Outcomes
Authors: Chen T. Donna , Kockelman Kara M.
Published: February 2013

This study used a heteroscedastic ordered probit model to distinguish the effects of vehicle weight, footprint, and height on the severity of injuries sustained by vehicle occupants while controlling for many occupant, roadway, and other characteristics. Model results suggest that the impact of physical vehicle attributes on crash outcomes depends on the number of vehicles involved and is typically more significant in one-car crashes than in two-car crashes. Although vehicles with larger footprints and shorter vehicles were estimated to reduce the risk of serious injury for their occupants in single-vehicle crashes, they appeared to be less crashworthy in two-vehicle collisions. Heavier vehicles were anticipated to be more crashworthy regardless of crash type. Under evolving U.S. fuel economy standards, moderate changes in the weights, footprints, and heights of light-duty vehicles are estimated to have a relatively small impact on crash severities, whereas other factors, such as seat belt use, driver intoxication, and the presence of roadway curvature and grade, are estimated to influence crash outcomes much more noticeably.
Application of Different Exposure Measures in Development of Planning-Level Zonal Crash Prediction Models
Authors: Pirdavani Ali , Brijs Tom , Bellemans Tom , Kochan Bruno , Wets Geert
Published: February 2013

Assessment of the safety impacts of travel demand management (TDM) policies must be conducted proactively. Because TDM policies are typically implemented at an aggregate level, crash prediction models should also be developed at a similar level. The resolution of these models should better match that at which evaluations of TDM policies are performed. Therefore, in this study zonal crash prediction models were considered to establish an association between observed crashes and a set of predictor variables in each zone. This analysis was performed with the generalized linear modeling procedure and the assumption of a negative binomial error distribution. Different exposure, network, and sociodemographic variables for 2,200 traffic analysis zones were considered predictors of crashes in the study area of Flanders, Belgium. An activity-based transportation model framework was applied to produce exposure measurements for crash data that consisted of injury crashes recorded between 2004 and 2007. Network and sociodemographic characteristics were also collected. Different zonal crash prediction models were developed to predict the number of injury crashes, including crashes involving fatalities and severe and slight injuries. These models were classified into three groups: (a) flow-based models, (b) trip-based models, and (c) a combination of the two. The results showed considerable improvement of model performance when both trip-based and flow-based exposure variables were used simultaneously in the formulation of the model. The main purpose of this study was to develop a predictive tool that could be used at the planning level to evaluate the impacts of different TDM policies on traffic safety.
Long-Term Safety Trends as a Function of Vehicle Ownership in 26 Countries
Authors: Borsos Attila , Koren Csaba , Ivan John N. , Ravishanker Nalini
Published: February 2013

The objective of this paper was to model the evolution of road safety as a function of motorization level. The authors completed a country-level as well as a time-dependent analysis focusing on countries for which data were available for a long period of time (1965 to 2009). For the statistical analysis, a function describing road safety trends (decline, turning, improvement) was proposed. Two coefficients in the model were estimated for each country and for each year, and their change over time is discussed. The results showed that the shape of the curve changed over time. In some countries, the decrease in the mortality rate became slower over time; however, a greater potential to improve road safety existed in other countries. Possible reasons for the general positive trends in road safety are the continuous improvement in engineering solutions (better infrastructure, safer cars) as well as road users who are better trained and skilled because of education and experience. In addition to the factors mentioned previously, the increased speed by which safety-related information and knowledge are disseminated contributes to the decrease in the differences in safety levels among countries.
Retrospective analysis of the tolerability and activity of lacosamide in patients with brain tumors
Authors: Saria Marlon G. , Corle Courtney , Hu Jethro , Rudnick Jeremy D. , Phuphanich Surasak , Mrugala Maciej M. , Crew Laura K. , Bota Daniela A. , Dan Fu Beverly , Kim Ryan Y. , Brown Tiffany , Feely Homira , Brechlin Joanne , Brown Bradley D. , Drappatz Jan , Wen Patrick Y. , Chen Clark C. , Carter Bob , Lee Jong Woo , Kesari Santosh
Published: March 2013

Object

The object of this study was to determine the tolerability and activity of lacosamide in patients with brain tumors.

Methods

The authors reviewed the medical records at 5 US academic medical centers with tertiary brain tumor programs, seeking all patients in whom a primary brain tumor had been diagnosed and who were taking lacosamide.

Results

The authors identified 70 patients with primary brain tumors and reviewed seizure frequency and toxicities. The majority of the patients had gliomas (96%). Fifty-five (78%) had partial seizures only, and 12 (17%) had generalized seizures. Most of the patients (74%) were started on lacosamide because of recurrent seizures. Forty-six patients (66%) reported a decrease in seizure frequency, and 21 patients (30%) reported stable seizures. Most of the patients (54 [77%]) placed on lacosamide did not report any toxicities.

Conclusions

This retrospective analysis demonstrated that lacosamide was both well tolerated and active as an add-on antiepileptic drug (AED) in patients with brain tumors. Lacosamide's novel mechanism of action will allow for concurrent use with other AEDs, as documented by its activity across many different types of AEDs used in this patient population. Larger prospective studies are warranted.
Chicken embryonic brain: an in vivo model for verifying neural stem cell potency
Authors: Kharazi Alex , Levy Michael L. , Visperas Maria Cristina , Lin Chih-Min
Published: March 2013

Object

The multipotency of neural stem cells (NSCs) can be assessed in vitro by detection of stage-specific markers in response to a suitable differentiation signal. This test is frequently used because it is fast and affordable. However, it is not clear how the in vitro potential for multilineage differentiation and stem cell marker expression would reflect the ability of NSCs to engraft into the brain following transplantation. The authors undertook this study to directly compare the in vitro potency and in vivo migration of human NSCs (hNSCs) expanded under conditions of gradually increased concentration of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a maturation factor.

Methods

Human NSCs isolated from fetal brain were propagated in serum free media (SF-hNSCs) and in media containing 0.1% and 0.2% serum. At Passage 4 in tissue culture the NSCs were harvested and either differentiated in vitro or transplanted into the lateral ventricle of chicken embryonic brain at the late stage of its development (Hamburger and Hamilton Stage 26). The in vitro differentiation was evaluated by immunostaining with neural or glial specific markers, and the in vivo migration was assessed using immunohistology.

Results

The authors found that SF-hNSCs successfully engrafted into the chicken embryonic brain, which correlated with their ability to differentiate in vitro. NSCs grown at as low as 0.1% concentration of FBS failed to demonstrate the robust in vivo migration pattern but still preserved the capability to differentiate in vitro. Furthermore, NSCs generated in media containing a higher concentration of FBS (0.2%) lost both the in vivo engraftment and in vitro differentiation potential.

Conclusions

The present study suggests that marker expression and in vitro differentiation assays might not provide adequate information regarding the behavior of NSCs following their transplantation. The in vivo migration following injection into chicken embryonic brain may provide an important assay of the potency of NSCs.
Marker-assisted Backcrossing for Identification of Salt Tolerant Rice Lines
Authors: Moniruzzaman M , Islam MS , Rashid JA , Begum SN , Islam MM
Published: March 2013

SSR or microsatellite markers are proved to be ideal for making genetic maps, assisting selection and studying genetic diversity in germplasm. SSR markers are playing important role to identify gene for salt tolerance that can be helpful for plant breeders to develop new cultivars. The experiment was conducted during the period from July 2009 to November 2010 in the experimental field and Biotechnology Laboratory of Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh to identify salt tolerant rice line of BC1F1 progenies of Binadhan-5 x FL-478 using SSR markers. Salt tolerant genotype, FL-478 was crossed with high yielding variety, Binadhan-5. Randomly selected 40 BC1F1 progenies along with their two parents (Binadhan-5, FL-478 and F1) were genotyped with microsatellite or SSR markers for identification of salt tolerant rice lines. Parental polymorphism survey was assayed by 10 SSR markers and three polymorphic SSR markers viz., RM 336, RM 510, and RM 585 were selected to evaluate BC1F1 rice lines for salt tolerance. In respect of Primer RM 336, 11 lines were found as salt tolerant and 25 lines were heterozygous and 3 lines were susceptible. Primer RM 510 identified two tolerant, 14 heterozygous and 22 susceptible lines. And primer RM 585 identified 4 lines as tolerant and 35 lines as susceptible. Thus, these markers could be efficiently used in tagging salt tolerant genes, in marker-assisted selection and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. The selected BC1F1 could be used for developing BC2F1 and BC2F2 and mapping genes for salinity tolerance. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v2i2.14008 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 2 (2): 1-8, December, 2012
Study on Biofortification of Rice by Targeted Genetic Engineering
Authors: Hossain Sumon M , Mohiuddin AKM
Published: March 2013

Micronutrient malnutrition is a major health problem in Bangladesh and also in many other developing countries, where a diversified diet is not affordable for the majority. In the present world- one, out of seven people suffers from hunger. Yet, there is a stealthier form of hunger than lack of food: micronutrient malnutrition or hidden hunger. While often providing enough calories, monotonous diets (of rural poor) frequently fail to deliver sufficient quantities of essential minerals and vitamins. Due to micronutrient deficiencies different characteristic features have been observed to the victims. Various estimates indicate that over two-thirds of the world population, for the most part women and children specially, pre-school children are deficient in at least one micronutrient. This can have devastating consequences for the life, health and well being of the individuals concerned (like premature death, blindness, weakened immune systems etc). Genetic engineering approach is the upcoming strategy to solve this problem. Genetically engineered biofortified staple crops specially, rice that are high in essential micronutrients (Fe, Zn, vitamin A) and adapted to local growing environments have the potential to significantly reduce the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies specially to the rural poor. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v2i2.14011 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 2 (2): 25-35, December, 2012
Lactones 41. Synthesis and Microbial Hydroxylation of Unsaturated Terpenoid Lactones with p-Menthane Ring Systems
Authors: Grudniewska Aleksandra , Wawrzeńczyk Czesław
Published: March 2013

Racemic [(±)-4-isopropyl-1-methyl-7-oxa-cis-bicyclo[4.3.0]non-4-en-8-one] and optically active d,e-unsaturated lactones [(-)-(1R,6R)-4-isopropyl-1-methyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.3.0]non-4-en-8-one and (+)-(1S,6S)-4-isopropyl-1-methyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.3.0] non-4-en-8-one)] with the p-menthane system were obtained and their odoriferous properties were evaluated. Biotransformations of the racemic lactone with three fungal strains: Absidia cylindrospora AM336, Absidia glauca AM177 and Syncephalastrum racemosum AM105, were carried out. Microbial transformations afforded hydroxylactones with the hydroxy group in the allylic position.
Characterization of Proanthocyanidins from Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) G. Don. (Fabaceae) by Flow Injection Analysis — Electrospray Ionization Ion Trap Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Tala Viviane , Candida da Silva Viviane , Rodrigues Clenilson , Nkengfack Augustin , Campaner dos Santos Lourdes , Vilegas Wagner
Published: March 2013

The present study investigates the chemical composition of the African plant Parkia biglobosa (Fabaceae) roots and barks by Liquid Chromatography - Electrospray Ionization and Direct Injection Tandem Mass Spectrometry analysis. Mass spectral data indicated that B-type oligomers are present, namely procyanidins and prodelphinidins, with their gallate and glucuronide derivatives, some of them in different isomeric forms. The analysis evidenced the presence of up to 40 proanthocyanidins, some of which are reported for the first time. In this study, the antiradical activity of extracts of roots and barks from Parkia biglobosa was evaluated using DPPH method and they showed satisfactory activities.
Order of Inoculation during Heligmosomoides bakeri and Hymenolepis microstoma Coinfection Alters Parasite Life History and Host Responses
Authors: Clark Paul , Ward W. , Lang Samantha , Saghbini Alaa , Kristan Deborah
Published: March 2013

Parasite life history may differ during coinfection compared to single infections, and the order of infection may be an important predictor of life history traits. We subjected laboratory mice (Mus musculus) to single and coinfections with Heligmosomoides bakeri and Hymenolepis microstoma and measured life history traits of worms and also hepatobiliary and morphological responses by the host. We found that fewer H. bakeri larvae established, and adult worms were shorter and produced fewer eggs during a coinfection where H. microstoma occurred first. H. microstoma grew more and released more eggs after simultaneous inoculation of both parasites compared to a single H. microstoma infection, despite similar worm numbers. Mouse small intestine mass, but not length, varied with coinfection and bile duct mass was largest when H. microstoma was given alone or first. Mouse serum alkaline phosphatase levels were greatest for mice infected with H. microstoma only but did not vary with number of scolices; no change in mouse serum alanine transaminase levels was observed. Overall, the order of coinfection influenced life history traits of both H. bakeri and H. microstoma, but changes in survival, growth, and reproduction with order of inoculation were not consistent between the two parasites.
Avaliando as boas práticas em saúde e migrações em Portugal: teoria, prática e política
Authors: Padilla Beatriz , Hernández-Plaza Sonia , Ortiz Alejandra
Published: March 2013

Nos últimos anos o uso das boas práticas em todas as esferas políticas tem sido uma constante, estendendo-se a vários âmbitos, nomeadamente ao da saúde e das migrações. É curioso verificar, no entanto, que o desenvolvimento teórico nesta matéria se encontra aquém do seu uso. Quais são as consequências do excessivo uso das boas práticas na investigação e na aplicação das políticas relativas à saúde e migrações? É possível transformar o recurso das boas práticas numa ferramenta útil? Em caso afirmativo, que elementos são necessários? Como tem decorrido este processo em Portugal? Traduz-se realmente numa melhoria da saúde dos imigrantes? Através da análise de alguns casos específicos no âmbito da saúde materno-infantil e da chamada competência cultural, tentaremos responder a estas questões teórico-práticas.