bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Separation and characterization of biomass components (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) from corn stalk
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wang Huile , Sun Xindi , Wang Yifan , Liu Zhong
Published: November 2021

Representative hemicellulose, milled wood lignin (MWL), and cellulose were directly separated from corn stalk, and their main chemical content was determined using NREL methods. The chemical elements, chemical groups, and molecular structure of corn stalk biomass components (hemicellulose, MWL, and cellulose) were analyzed by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses．The results showed that the purity of the biomass components separated from corn stalk was high, the degree of damage was relatively small, and their own structural characteristics were relatively intact. The hemicellulose that was separated from corn stalk was mainly composed of L-arabino-β-(1→4)-D-glucuronoxylan units. There were also sugar residues attached to the main chain in the form of side chains, such as D-glucopyranose, galactose, glucuronic acid, and galacturonic acid. The isolated cellulose consisted of glucosyl linked by β-(1→4)-glucosidic bond. The MWL separated from corn stalk has a GSH-type of β-O-4 structure, and the contents were as follows, in order of more to less: guaiacyl (G), p-hydroxyphenyl (H), and syringyl (S) units. Biomass components with high purity were separated from corn stalk, and their respective structure and composition were understood, which provides a foundation for the subsequent high-value utilization of corn stalk.
Carbon nanospheres derived from crop residues by acidic lithium bromide hydrate treatment
Authors: Chen Jian , Lu Xianqin , Pang Zhiqiang , Li Bingbing , Dong Cuihua
Published: November 2021

Exploring an efficient technique for carbon sphere preparation has attracted extensive attention. Herein, acidic lithium bromide hydrate (ALBH) was used in the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process to overcome the recalcitrance of lignocellulose, such that nano-carbon spheres were prepared at mild condition: 140 °C for 150 min with 0.8 M of HCl from 20-40 meshed corn stover. That carbon spheres showed decent morphology properties and abundant functional groups, which was better than that from pine and poplar wood. The corn stover derived carbon nanospheres could efficiently adsorb both heavy ions and methyl orange in wastewater. Meanwhile, the ALBH after reaction could be recovered and reused. Specifically, the morphologies and adsorption capability of the prepared carbon nanospheres using recovered ALBH were negligibly affected even after 5 cycles. These results verified the practical production of carbon nanospheres from lignocellulose at mild conditions, which provided more potential for the synthesis of novel biomass-based materials for comprehensive applications.
Investigation of co-ensiling for the storage of grain stillage and Jerusalem artichoke residue from inulin extraction
Authors: Ren Haiwei , Wang Li , Li Mei , Zhang Yuchun , Wang Zhiye , Li Xiang , Zheng Yi , Li Jinping
Published: November 2021

Jerusalem artichoke residue (JR) was co-ensiled with grain stillage (GS) at various weight mixing ratios (JR only, 4 to 1, 2 to 1, 1.2 to 1, 1 to 1.5, 1 to 2.7, 1 to 7, and GS only) for 10, 30, and 60 d for agricultural biomass storage. Results showed that the middle level of GS to JR ratios, e.g., 1.2 to 1 and 1 to 1.5, achieved the best co-ensiling performance among all studied ratios. The water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) contents were significantly higher than those of the other treatments (p < 0.05), and the lignocellulose contents were significantly lower than those of other treatments (p < 0.05). The silages ensiled at the above-mentioned ratios had a higher feed value and biodegradation potential than other ratios. Lactobacillus was the dominant bacterial species during the ensiling process, and its relative abundance was significantly correlated with the content of different components, e.g., WSC, crude protein, and starch, as well as fermentation characteristics. Fungal species, e.g., Kluyveromyces and Monascus were also observed, and the relative abundance of which was positively correlated with different nutritional components. In conclusion, GS and JR can be successfully stored via co-ensiling.
“There is No End”: Anna Akhmatova’s Unfinished Tragedy Prologue
Authors: Poberezkina Polina
Published: November 2021

The tragedy Prologue written in 1960s is analyzed in the broad context of the history of its creation, Anna Akhmatova’s biographical myth and world culture. The article mentions the problems of academic publication of the text and presents materials for scientific commentary on it. The incompleteness of the play is viewed in connection with its heterogeneous character combining lyrics, drama and epos, verses and prose, tragic and comic, ancient and modern, East and West, national and global, culture and everyday life, written and oral styles.
Woman at the Ball. “Anna in the Neck” by Anton Chekhov and “The Psychology of a Husband from Syros” by Emmanuel Roidis: An Attempt of Comparison
Authors: Eloeva Fatima
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the first attempt to compare two short stories – Anna in the Neck by Anton Chekhov and a well-known short story by the Greek author Emmanuel Roidis Psychology of a Husband from Syros. Both texts were published at the same time (in 1895) and are considered to be masterpieces. The initial motivation for such textual analysis became almost a complete coincidence between the plots of the two stories. A series of telling coincidences and contradictions observed between the analyzed stories require some kind of explanation which will allow us to view both texts from the different angle. The paper aims to determine the correlation between the writers’ biographies and the personality traits with the characteristics of the protagonists and the style of story telling.
Virgo-Death: from The Little Show-Booth by Alexander Blok to The Mistress of Death and The Lover of Death by Boris Akunin
Authors: Fedunina Olga
Published: November 2021

The image of Death, embodied in the image of a beautiful maiden, is considered in the article through the analysis of references in the novel diptych by B. Akunin The Mistress of Death and The Lover of Death (the Erast Fandorin series) to one of the most important primary sources, the drama by A. Blok The Little Show-Booth. The study shows that Akunin's method of deformation was replaced by a postmodern deconstruction with a splitting into two images, of Columbine and of Maiden-Death, each of which is dominated by one of the hypostases of the heroine of The Little Show-Booth. These transformations appeal in their development to the opposition in Akunin’s novels of two points of view on fate, dialectically interacting, which correlate with the adventurous exposition and with the inevitability of personal destiny idea, oriented towards the “classical” tradition. The result of the analysis is a new formula of the genre of Akunin's novels, since their poetics goes out of the ordinary framework of criminal literature, as a transgressive phenomenon in the field of mass literature, as postmodern novel, in which the uncertain intertextuality accentuates, align with plot details, the problem of heroes’ self-identity.
LEADING INNOVATIVE PRACTICES IN THE THEMATIC AREA “HEALTHY LIVING INDUSTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGIES” AT A REGIONAL LEVEL
Authors: Yarkova Y. , Atanasova P.
Published: November 2021

The regional context of smart specialization continues to be in the focus of academic discussions as the innovative potential of regions in Bulgaria is being determined. The aim of the present work is to identify innovative practices in one of the leading thematic areas – “Healthy living industry and biotechnologies” during the period of 2014-2019 in a selected region. The object of research is the region of Yambol listed in the National Strategy for Smart Specialization in the Republic of Bulgaria as a promising region in the thematic area “Healthy living industry and biotechnologies”. We have applied methods of regional economic analysis based on objective statistical data. Regional analysis has been complemented with a survey to reflect the subjective viewpoint of stakeholder representatives. The survey and the analysis of the collected information prove the presence of potential in the region of Yambol for expanding organic production in the food industry and generating “green energy” in the energetics sector.
ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EU MEMBER STATES: AN EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
Authors: Pastarmadzhieva D.
Published: November 2021

The electoral system plays a significant role in various areas of the functioning of the states. Alongside this, there are areas, which can't be affected by the change in the electoral system or of the electoral system type. However, in Bulgaria, there is a debate on the introduction of the majority/plurality electoral system and one of the arguments is related to the possible overall positive effect on the functioning of the country.
Thus, the purpose of the current study is to identify if the electoral system is relevant for the development of the EU member states. The object of the study is the countries, members of the European Union, studied in 2018. Focus of the research is their electoral system and their development, measured on a number of indicators.
For the purposes of the analysis statistical methods (frequencies and cross tables) and comparative approach are used. The results show that the type of electoral system is not relevant for the development of EU member states, measured on the selected indicators.
COMMUNITY-LED LOCAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH LAG “GALABOVO-OPAN” – ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Tsacheva St.
Published: November 2021

The study follows and analyzes the work of LAG “Galabovo-Opan”, the objectives achieved by the organization, and the results obtained during the implementation of the Strategy for Community-led Local Development within the Programme “Rural Development” for 2016-2019.
The object of this report is the activity of local communities for the development of the strategy, the formation of expert groups, the selection of potential beneficiaries and building capacities for its implementation in two municipalities from the region of Stara Zagora. The two municipalities have a different profile with respect to economic branches – highly developed mining industry and energetics in Galabovo Municipality and predominant agriculture in a municipality comprised by villages, such as Opan Municipality.
We have also included the more important projects realized by LAG “Galabovo-Opan” for the above mentioned period.
Sistem Pengaturan Pulse Width Modulation Motor Pada Robot Pembawa Makanan atau Minuman Menggunakan Joystick
Authors: Ramadhan Andika Enggal , Djuniadi Djuniadi , Apriaskar Esa
Published: November 2021

Teknologi robotika kini sudah semakin berkembang pesat, hal ini ditunjukkan banyak sekali penggunaan teknologi robot yang digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari untuk membantu pekerjaan manusia. Robot pengantar makanan atau minuman juga menjadi salah satu teknologi robotika yang kini semakin marak dikembangkan. Banyak peneliti yang sudah mulai mengembangkan robot sebagai alat pembantu pekerjaan manusia untuk pengantar makanan dan minuman. Pada robot tersebut, proses untuk mengatur kecepatan roda penggeraknya dapat menggunakan kontrol langsung atau kontrol tidak langsung. Pada penelitian ini, pengontrolan secara tidak langsung dilakukan menggunakan joystick untuk mengatur masukan pulse width modulation yang kemudian dikonversikan menjadi kecepatan robot. Pengaturan ini dibantu dengan mikrokontorller ATMEGA 328P sebagai alat untuk komputasi dan eksekusi jari program. Sehingga kecepatan robot dapat diatur dengan sempurna. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diperoleh bahwa perubahan PWM awal pada saat robot dari kondisi diam menuju berjalan dengan perubahan kecepatan yang linier terhadap perubahan sinyal analog dari joystick, sehingga pergerakan robot lebih stabil. Nowdays, robotics  was growing rapidly, it is widely used in everyday life to help human work. Food or beverage delivery robots are also one of the robotics technologies that are increasingly being developed today. Many developers has started to develop food or beverage delivery robots. In order to adjust the speed of the robots, we can use direct or indirect control. This study uses indirect control using joystick as  a regulator of pulse width modulation which is converted to robot speed. Furthermore,, we used  ATMEGA 328P microcontroller for computing and finger execution of the program. So that the speed of the robot can be adjusted perfectly. The result show that the initial PWM changes when the position of robot is  rest to walking has  linear change in speed  to changes in the analog signal from the joystick, so that the robot's movement is more stable.
Control experiment for health center users to compare the usage of hand sanitizers through nudges during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan
Authors: Takebayashi Masaki , Takebayashi Kurenai
Published: November 2021

To assess the effectiveness of promoting hand hygiene by nudges, the control experiment was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Hand sanitizers were placed at entrances of health centers A (nudge group) and B (non-nudges/reference group). The users of each group were approximately 40 daily. In the nudge group, during week 1, the conventional notice was displayed. From weeks 2 to 4, sequential nudges based on the framework “MINDSPACE” were implemented: drawing an arrow on the floor towards a hand sanitizer, posting altruism messages, and providing trends in hand sanitizer usage. From weeks 5 to 8, no additional interventions were implemented. Until week 4, usage in the nudge group increased steeply. Although the gap narrowed after week 5, usage in the nudge group (1.7 times of week 1 usage) was higher than that in the reference group (1.4 times of week 1 usage) at week 8. The nudges cost 0.9 USD and were prepared within 3 hours. The series of nudges can be implemented with low cost and short preparation time, and the effect may last until week 8; these nudges will meet practitioners’ needs during the COVID-19 pandemic.
2019–2020 herd immunity to seasonal influenza viruses prior to epidemic season and rate of severe disease cases
Authors: Ilyicheva T. N. , Kolosova N. P. , Durymanov A. G. , Torzhkova P. Yu. , Svyatchenko S. V. , Bulanovich Y. A. , Ivanova E. V. , Ivanova K. I. , Ryzhikov A. B.
Published: November 2021

The aim was to analyze heard immunity against influenza viruses as well as severe course of influenza infection prior to the 2019–2020 epidemic season. Methods. Blood sera samples were collected prior to and after conducting population-wide influenza vaccination campaign at the sanitary and epidemiological centers in different regions of the Russian Federation as well as at the Siberian Federal District, respectively. Sera samples were tested by using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay with vaccine strains A/Brisbane/02/2018 (H1N1)pdm09, A/Kansas/14/2017 (H3N2), B/Colorado/06/2017 (Victoria lineage). Baseline clinical and autopsy materials in case of influenza infection in vaccinated patients or severe and fatal influenza cases were collected to be tested by RT-PCR at the sanitary and epidemiological centers, Rospotrebnadzor. All influenza-virus positive samples were further sent to the SRC VB “Vector”. Results. A total of 7,896 and 600 blood serum samples were collected from subjects at Siberian Federal District prior to and after the populationwide influenza vaccination campaign, respectively. Prior to the epidemic season, the proportion of individuals seropositive for the influenza A virus subtypes A/(H1N1)pdm09 and A/H3N2 exceeded 50% in most of the regions, whereas frequency of those seropositive for the influenza B virus was profoundly lower ranging from 12 to 46% in the Northwestern Federal District and Volga Federal District, respectively. After influenza vaccination, the percentage of seropositive subjects in the Siberian Federal District increased as follows: for influenza subtype A/(H1N1)pdm09 — from 66 up to 79%, influenza subtype A/H3N2 — from 68 up to 78%, and for influenza B/Victoria — from 32 up to 47%. In 2019–2020, influenza B virus more frequently caused severe infection that agrees with the herd immunity data prior to the epidemic season. However, the vast majority of the influenza cases with fatal outcome was associated with influenza virus A A/H1N1pdm09 subtype. Conclusion. Quality of influenza vaccine, especially that one intended to vaccinate risk group subjects remains a crucial issue for contemporary scientific community. The study was conducted within the framework of the State Assignments no. 1/16 and 2/18.
Hormone therapy affecting interferon defense in children with infectious mononucleosis
Authors: Fedorova I. M. , Koteleva S. I. , Kapustin I. V. , Blyakher M. S. , Tulskaya E. A. , Zvereva N. N. , Ilina M. A. , Saifullin M. A. , Samkov A. A. , Vlasov E. V.
Published: November 2021

23 children diagnosed with acute infectious mononucleosis were hospitalized and examined after a short prednisolone treatment course. Related interferon status during infection was compared with that in 38 patients with acute infectious mononucleosis receiving no hormone therapy. Interferon status was investigated by Ershov method, allowing to estimate amount of interferon in the blood serum samples or patient blood cell culture by assessing interferon biological activity. Along with measuring IFNα or IFNγ biological activity, their level was quantified by using enzyme immunoassay. Immunological examination conducted on the next day after the end of hormone therapy revealed sharply decreased potential of patient blood cells to produce both IFNα and IFNγ. The multiplicity of IFNα and IFNγ titer reduction in various patients varied by 4–5 and 3–4-fold, respectively. The concentration of IFNα, determined by ELISA, decreased by 4–6-fold, whereas for IFNγ — by 1.5–2-fold. A follow-up examination 1 month after discharge from the clinic showed that mean IFNα titer in children aged 3–6 years and treated with prednisolone was significantly reduced compared to the baseline, whereas most patients receiving no hormone therapy had normal IFNα production. The change in the level of IFNα 1 month after hormone therapy in 7–14-year age group was similar. IFNγ production quickly recovered, and 1 month after discharge from the clinic, its concentration in culture supernatants from patients reached 10–15 ng/ml, exceeding normal values more than twice. The biological activity of IFNγ in these culture supernatants was significantly higher than those immediately after hormone therapy, whereas in 3–6-year-old group of patients it was also higher than baseline level. These results can serve as a laboratory justification for including recombinant IFNα-2b drugs in the therapy of such patients, presumably immediately after the end of hormone course. Overall, laboratory justified administration of interferon preparations seems to be necessary to determine optimal timepoint for applying such drugs to increase effectiveness for achieving a durable patient recovery.
Association of an expanded inflammatory mediators response with clinical and laboratory data in the postoperative period of pulmonary resection: a prospective clinical study
Authors: DIAS LUCIARA IRENE DE NADAI , LEITE VALESKA DALANEZI PAULINO , BRANDÃO JÚLIA MENDES , ROSO ANDREA PELICIA , MIRANDA ELIANA CRISTINA MARTINS , ANTUNES EDSON , MUSSI RICARDO KALAF
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: patients undergoing pulmonary resection may experience local or remote complications in the postoperative period due to the inflammatory response, which increases the length of hospital stay and costs. This study objective was to establish an expanded interleukins profile, identifying the main actors in the postoperative inflammatory response, and to correlate them with clinical and laboratory data of patients submitted to pulmonary resection. Methods: this was a prospective, interventional, longitudinal study of 27 cases of pulmonary resection performed at HC-UNICAMP, in which we analyzed serum levels of IL 1 α, IL 1 β, IL 1 ra, IL 2, IL 13, IL 6, IL 8, IL 10, IL 12 (p40), IL 12 (p70), IL 17a, TNF α, TNF β, IFN γ, TGF β, MIP 1α, MIP 1β, MCP 1, MCP 3, VEGF, and clinical data before, during, and after surgery. Results: Individuals had a median age of 63 years, 16 (59%) being male and 11 (41%), female. The clinical factors that influenced inflammatory response were body mass index, smoking, and previous use of corticosteroids, while the influencing laboratory data were the numbers of leukocytes and platelets. Discussion: within this expanded interleukin profile in the inflammatory response of lung resections, our study showed that interleukins IL 6, IL 8, IL 10, IL 1 β, and TNF α should be considered for assessing humoral inflammation. Conclusion: this study can aid in the identification of clinical or pharmacological interventions that modulate the inflammatory response in the perioperative period of pulmonary resections, mitigating local and systemic complications.
Tendência temporal das internações por acidentes de trânsito na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, 2000-2019
Authors: Conceição Gleice Margarete de Souza , Alencar Gizelton Pereira , Latorre Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira
Published: November 2021

Este estudo avaliou a tendência das taxas de internação por acidentes de trânsito no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), de residentes no Município de São Paulo, Brasil, entre 2000 e 2019, segundo sexo, faixa etária e meio de transporte (pedestres, ciclistas, motociclistas e ocupantes de veículo). Foi ajustado um modelo de regressão segmentada com resposta binomial negativa, com pontos de inflexão para acomodar possíveis mudanças de tendência. Foram registradas 189.765 internações durante o período de estudo, a maioria de homens (80,5%) com idade entre 20 e 49 anos (71,2%). O tipo de acidente mais frequente foi com motocicleta (42,8%), seguido dos atropelamentos de pedestres (33,7%). De um modo geral, o período de 2000 a 2007 foi marcado pelo crescimento das taxas de hospitalização por acidentes de trânsito para todos os meios de transporte, em ambos os sexos e na maioria das faixas etárias. O momento em que as taxas pararam de crescer ou que eventualmente passaram a cair foi diferente para os diferentes meios de transporte. Para ocupantes de veículos e ciclistas, a tendência na maioria das faixas etárias inverteu-se para uma de queda em 2008, mas para pedestres e motociclistas, isto só ocorreu em 2012. A partir de 2015, a queda cessou em pedestres e as taxas em ciclistas voltaram a subir, na maioria das faixas etárias. Para motociclistas, as taxas voltaram a crescer em homens de 20 a 59 anos (7,2% ao ano, atingindo valores superiores a 140 por 100 mil habitantes em 2019) e em mulheres, de 15 a 39 anos (4,9% ao ano). É possível que os benefícios das medidas de segurança implementadas até agora tenham atingido seu limite, de modo que as atuais medidas de controle e prevenção devem ser revistas.
Outubro Rosa e mamografias: quando a comunicação em saúde erra o alvo
Authors: Baquero Oswaldo Santos , Rebolledo Elizabeth Angélica Salinas , Ribeiro Adeylson Guimarães , Bermudi Patricia Marques Moralejo , Pellini Alessandra Cristina Guedes , Failla Marcelo Antunes , Aguiar Breno Souza de , Diniz Carmen Simone Grilo , Chiaravalloti Neto Francisco
Published: November 2021

O câncer de mama é o tipo de câncer mais diagnosticado e a principal causa de morte por câncer na população feminina. As mamografias de rastreamento e o tratamento precoce são geralmente os meios mais utilizados na tentativa de reduzir essa mortalidade e são incentivados no Outubro Rosa, uma campanha de divulgação anual. Contudo, estudos recentes têm relacionado o aumento do rastreamento com uma maior morbimortalidade em razão do sobrediagnóstico e do sobretratamento. No presente estudo, avaliaram-se as buscas relativas ao câncer de mama e à mamografia no Google Trends, entre 2004 e 2019, em termos da tendência, da sazonalidade e da distribuição nas Unidades Federativas brasileiras. Avaliou-se também a correlação entre a quantidade de buscas no Google Trends e a quantidade de exames de rastreamento mamográfico. As duas séries tiveram um padrão sazonal com picos em outubro, e houve excesso de exames realizados fora da faixa etária recomendada. O Outubro Rosa transmitiu informações de saúde, as popularizou e induziu comportamentos relativos a informações transmitidas; três aspectos desejáveis na comunicação e na educação em saúde. Porém, gerou um excesso de mamografias de rastreamento e não incentivou a autonomia e o consentimento livre e esclarecido. O Outubro Rosa mostrou o potencial da comunicação em saúde para massas e a necessidade de que as mensagens sejam alinhadas com as melhores evidências científicas.
Desvelando o cuidado às gestantes de alto risco em serviços de atenção primária do Município de São Paulo, Brasil: a ótica dos profissionais
Authors: Sanine Patricia Rodrigues , Venancio Sonia Isoyama , Silva Fernanda Luz Gonzaga da , Tanaka Oswaldo Yoshimi
Published: November 2021

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a atenção às mulheres durante a gestação de alto risco, sob a ótica de quem atua nos serviços de atenção primária à saúde (APS) do Município de São Paulo, Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa avaliativa de abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou a técnica da entrevista aberta para a coleta dos dados com profissionais da APS. Os dados foram explorados por meio de categorias temáticas construídas a partir do conteúdo que emergiu, de modo espontâneo, dos depoimentos, discutidos a partir da Teoria do Processo de Trabalho em Saúde. Os resultados evidenciaram três categorias: uma “rotina de trabalho protocolar”, organizada na perspectiva de práticas biologicistas e cujo modelo de gestão, algumas vezes, não permite o cumprimento das práticas preconizadas; um sistema de “referência e contrarreferência” que, por vezes, permite intervenções mais oportunas e singulares às necessidades das gestantes, mas, ainda, desarticulado dos serviços de referência; e a “corresponsabilização da equipe de APS pelo cuidado com a gestante”, caracterizado pela flexibilização da rotina de trabalho que transcende a aplicação de protocolos clínicos, incentivando a construção de vínculo e favorecendo a qualificação do cuidado. Desvelou-se a necessidade de flexibilização do uso de protocolos assistenciais no processo de trabalho, o que pode impulsionar a corresponsabilização das equipes de APS pelo cuidado, a fim de adequá-la às singularidades e necessidades de cada gestante, para além dos limites da organização dos serviços baseada na lógica de práticas biologicistas.
Ciência de Mulheres Negras: um experimento de insubmissão
Authors: Xavier Giovana
Published: November 2021

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo foi apresentar a ‘Ciência de Mulheres Negras’, teoria de conhecimento feminista negro desenvolvida à luz das minhas experiências como ativista pública, historiadora e professora universitária e como coordenadora do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas Intelectuais Negras UFRJ. Para tal, o texto foi organizado em três partes. Na primeira, dedico-me a caracterizar a ‘Ciência de Mulheres Negras’ como uma epistemologia alternativa focada nos saberes de mulheres negras. Na segunda, baseada em situações de sala de aula, apresento algumas práticas curriculares focalizadas no pensamento feminista negro. Entendidas como ‘atos de insubmissão’, tais práticas contribuem para criar conhecimentos ligados à intelectualidade de mulheres negras e à história do Brasil. Concluo dimensionando os desafios postos ao trabalho de produção e validação de conhecimentos feministas negros na comunidade científica.
Liderança feminina: relato do primeiro encontro de mulheres Médicas de Família e Comunidade do Brasil
Authors: Reigada Carolina Lopes de Lima , Oliveira Denize Ornelas Pereira Salvador de , Carrijo Ana Paula Borges , Chueiri Patrícia Sampaio , Moherdaui Julia Horita , Albuquerque Natália Pontes de
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Este relato situa-se no campo do protagonismo das mulheres Médicas de Família e Comunidade (mMFC) e em sua articulação nacional por meio do Grupo de Trabalho Mulheres na Medicina de Família e Comunidade (GT-MMF), fundado em 2016 no bojo da Sociedade de Medicina de Família e Comunidade (SBMFC), entidade científica que representa a especialidade no País. Descreve a organização do I Encontro do GT-MMFC, em 2019, intitulado ‘Liderança feminina em saúde’ e discute seus desdobramentos, com foco na equidade de gênero nos domínios: profissional, acadêmico, de gestão, de ensino e pesquisa; assim como na própria instituição, a SBMFC. O artigo se debruça, ainda, sobre questões relacionadas com as causas de mulheres no âmbito da especialidade e da medicina. O evento foi aberto a estudantes e profissionais de outras áreas e ofertou discussões contemporâneas, como: protagonismo feminino; autocuidado; interseccionalidades; maternidade e trabalho; inserção da mulher e diferenças de gênero na política. O Encontro reuniu mulheres de quatro regiões do Brasil, aprofundou as relações e o apoio interpares e permitiu a ampliação das pautas para o fortalecimento da consciência de gênero e sua influência no cotidiano das mMFC, na sua prática acadêmica, científica, assistencial e de gestão.
Use of enteral electrolyte solutions with different sodium acetate concentrations in weaned foals: the effects on acid-base balance, blood glucose, lactate, and urine ph
Authors: Monteiro Lorena Chaves , Viana Rinaldo Batista , Teixeira Raffaella Bertoni Cavalcanti , Avanza Marcel Ferreira Bastos , Ermita Pedro Ancelmo Nunes , Costa Caio Monteiro , Alves Samuel Rodrigues , Santos Paulo Vinícius de Morais , Balbino Daniel Atila de Barros , Santos João Paulo Albuquerque dos , Morais Leticia Faria de , Ferreira Gabriella Maria Morais , Costa Lorraine Marcele Lopes da , Mattos Felipe Sperandio de , Ribeiro Filho José Dantas
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT: The effects of acetate as an alkalinizing agent in maintenance enteral electrolyte solutions administered by nasogastric route in a continuous flow have not been previously described in weaned foals. This is the second part of a study that evaluated the effects of two electrolyte solutions of enteral therapy fluid in weaned foals. In this part, will be considered the effects of enteral electrolyte solutions containing different acetate concentrations on acid-base balance, blood glucose, lactate and urine pH of weaned foals. This was a controlled trial in a cross-over design performed in six foals with a mean age of 7.3 ± 1.4 months. After 12 h of water and food deprivation, each animal received the following two treatments by nasogastric route in a continuous flow of 15 ml/kg/h during 12 h: HighAcetate (acetate 52 mmol/l) and LowAcetate (acetate 22.6 mmol/l). The HighAcetate treatment was effective in generating a slight increase in blood pH, blood bicarbonate concentration, base excess and urinary pH.
Different calcium sources on the productive performance and bone quality of meat quail
Authors: Mendonça Daniela da Silva , Lana Sandra Roseli Valerio , Lana Geraldo Roberto Quintão , Leão Ana Patrícia Alves , Barros Júnior Romilton Ferreira de , Lima Luiz Arthur dos Anjos , Ayres Iva Carla de Barros , Santos Daniel Silva , Silva Wilson Araújo da
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT: This study was developed to examine the effect of using charru mussel-, maçunim- and oyster-shell meals as calcium sources on the productive performance, carcass yield and bone parameters of meat quail. A total of 250 one-day-old non-sexed European quail were used. The birds were distributed into five treatments (calcium sources: calcitic lime, calcium carbonate, charru mussel shell meal, maçunim shell meal or oyster shell meal) in a completely randomized design with five replicates and ten birds per experimental unit. Feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion were evaluated from one to 35 days. At 35 days, two birds with the average weight of the plot were slaughtered per plot and used for analysis of carcass yield and bone parameters. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion, carcass yield or tibia dry matter content, ash content and strength. The charru mussel-, maçunim- and oyster-shell meals can be used as calcium sources in the diet of European quail without affecting their productive performance, carcass yield or bone mineralization.
Parasitic contamination of fresh vegetables sold in open markets: a public health threat
Authors: Khan W. , Rafiq N. , Nawaz M. A. , Kabir M. , Farooqi Z. Ur R. , Romman M. , Parvez R. , Alfarraj S. , Noor A. , Ujjan A. A.
Published: November 2021

Abstract Vegetables eating raw are a leading source of transmission of infective forms of pathogenic internal parasites among human beings. This research was conducted from April to October, 2017 to assess the parasitic contamination of vegetables sold at main vegetable markets in districts Lower Dir and Peshawar, Pakistan. Eight hundred specimens of different vegetables were purchased and soaked in physiological saline solution, shaken with a mechanical shaker for 20 minutes and processed by sedimentation concentration method. Results revealed that only 19.7% (n=158/800) of the vegetables were found to be contaminated with single or multiple parasite species. Ascaris lumbricoides (the large round worm) 12.3% (n=99/800) was the most commonly detected pathogen and Taenia saginata (the beef tapeworm) 1.62% (n=13/800) was the least frequently detected one. Interestingly, significant p value (p>0.05 at 95%CI) between the number of examined and contaminated for all the variables studied including education status of the vendors, markets location, type of vegetables, means of display, washed before display, washing source of water and market type. The findings of this study evidenced that consumption of raw vegetables possesses great risk of getting parasitic infections in Lower Dir and Peshawar districts, Pakistan. Instructing the sellers and the public about parasitic disease transfer and their hygiene can reduce the infection rate of parasites of human origin.
Length-weight relationship: eight species of Cyprinidae from river Panjkora, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Khan W. , Naqvi S. M. H. M. , Ul Hassan H. , Khan S. , Ullah U. , De los Ríos Escalante P.
Published: November 2021

Abstract Seven hundred and twenty four fish specimens were captured from March to September 2016. The materials used in the current study were cast nets, hand nets. Eight cyprinid fish species were studied for their length-weight relationships. Parameter b in the LWR was 3.03, 3.06, 3.02, 2.29, 2.82, 3.43, 2.73 and 2.47 for Schizothorax plagiostomus, Schizothorax esocinus, Racoma labiata, Tor putitora, Barilius vagra, Garra gotyla, Puntius ticto and Arassius auratus respectively. Current study is the first attempt on the LWRs of cyprinid species, provide a baseline approach for conservation and /management of local fish fauna of economic importance.
Microbiological characteristics of bloodstream infections in a reference hospital in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Melo M. C. , Carvalho Neto A. P. M. , Maranhão T. L. G. Q. , Costa E. S. , Nascimento C. M. A. , Cavalcanti M. G. S. , Ferreira-Júnior G. C. , Rocha M. A. N. , Silva K. M. , Santos Júnior C. J. , Rocha T. J. M.
Published: November 2021

Abstract Routine blood culture is used for the detection of bloodstream infections by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and by common pathogenic yeasts. A retrospective study was conducted in a public hospital in Maceió-AL, by collecting data of all medical records with positive blood cultures. Out of the 2,107 blood cultures performed, 17% were positive with Staphylococcus coagulase negative (51.14%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (11.21%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.32%). Gram-positive bacteria predominated among positive blood cultures, highlighting the group of Staphylococcus coagulase-negative. While Gram-negative bacteria had a higher number of species among positive blood cultures.
Fator de compressibilidade de um fluido bidimensional
Authors: dos Reis Marcelo Augusto , Batista Gabriel Henrique
Published: November 2021

As simulações computacionais têm assumido um papel cada vez mais importante no cenário de ciência e tecnologia e também têm se tornado uma grande ferramenta no ensino de física. De forma a contribuir com o ensino de técnicas de simulação aplicadas à matéria condensada, este trabalho visa demonstrar o desenvolvimento teórico do cálculo do fator de compressibilidade e seu respectivo resultado numérico através de simulações de dinâmica molecular clássica para um sistema formado por discos rígidos.
As grandes incorporadoras, o segmento econômico e a desconstrução da promoção pública habitacional
Authors: Oliveira Isadora Fernandes Borges de , Rufino Beatriz
Published: November 2021

Resumo Este artigo discute como o avanço das relações capitalistas na produção imobiliária através da consolidação econômica e política de grandes incorporadoras tem interferido na condução de políticas públicas. Partindo da noção de formas de produção (Jaramillo, 1982), sustentamos que as grandes incorporadoras, ao articularem a sofisticação dos mecanismos de produção imediata (controle econômico direto) com o crescente poder enquanto grupo de interesse na definição das políticas de financiamento e urbana (controle econômico indireto), têm consagrado o segmento econômico como principal produto da política habitacional. Esse movimento, ao ampliar a mercantilização da cidade e o controle da política pública por poderosos agentes privados, tem inviabilizado a estratégia de desmercantilização da moradia por meio da ação direta do Estado na produção habitacional.
A reinvenção globalizada dos territórios criativos: do contexto global ao nacional
Authors: Souza Caio Cesar Marinho Rodrigues de , Silva Gerardo
Published: November 2021

Resumo O presente artigo debate como a economia criativa, fenômeno econômico do final do século XX, que utiliza as forças da cultura atrelada a tecnologia e inovação, está reconfigurando os espaços das cidades. Para analisar tais desdobramentos nos territórios urbanos, este estudo traçará um paralelo histórico do contexto global ao nacional, analisando como tais ações ocorrem, configurando a dinâmica global dos “territórios criativos”. Nesse sentido, o cenário brasileiro da economia criativa também é problematizado, tanto do ponto de vista institucional como do territorial. Por fim, o artigo busca compreender e refletir qual é a importância da economia criativa dentro das discussões atuais sobre o desenvolvimento dos territórios urbanos, em particular metropolitanos, e entender as perspectivas e os conflitos que ela determina nessas localidades.
Indicadores habitacionais brasileiros: análise comparativa da série histórica 1995-2018
Authors: Santana Rhaiana Bandeira , Zanoni Vanda Alice Garcia
Published: November 2021

Resumo Desde 1995, o Brasil publica estudos sobre os indicadores déficit habitacional e inadequação de domicílios a partir do Censo Demográfico e da Pesquisa Nacional de Amostra de Domicílios. Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa histórica desses indicadores, disponíveis em 13 publicações, com o objetivo de identificar as alterações conceituais e metodológicas ocorridas ao longo da série temporal 1995-2018. O delineamento da pesquisa configura-se em três enfoques: os conceitos envolvidos; a metodologia adotada para a obtenção dos indicadores; e suas métricas e resultados numéricos. A correlação temporal entre as alterações metodológicas, as conceituais e as políticas públicas habitacionais do período revela um panorama das necessidades habitacionais e seus desdobramentos ocorridos ao longo do processo, alertando para as iminentes mudanças no Censo 2020 (com data adiada).
Impacto da exposição à sífilis materna no sistema auditivo de recém-nascidos
Authors: Ribeiro Georgea Espindola , Silva Daniela Polo Camargo da , Montovani Jair Cortez , Martins Regina Helena Garcia
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar os achados audiológicos de recém-nascidos expostos à sífilis materna, tratada adequadamente na gestação. Métodos Estudo de coorte única não concorrente, realizado em um hospital público. Fizeram parte da amostra recém-nascidos filhos de mães que apresentaram sorologia positiva para sífilis e que realizaram o tratamento adequado durante a gestação, compondo o grupo estudo, e recém-nascidos sem indicadores de risco para deficiência auditiva, grupo comparação. Resultados Participaram do estudo 90 recém-nascidos, sendo 41 do grupo estudo e 49 do grupo comparação. No exame de emissões otoacústicas por estímulo transiente, todos apresentaram presença de resposta bilateralmente e, na comparação das amplitudes de respostas nas bandas de frequências de 3,0 kHz, 3,5 kHz e 4,0 kHz observou-se menor amplitude de resposta no grupo exposto, com diferença estatisticamente significativa para a frequência de 4 kHz à direita. Na análise das respostas do exame de potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico, não se observou assimetria de resposta entre as orelhas que sugerisse alteração retrococlear e nem diferenças nos valores das latências absolutas ou intervalos interpicos, entre os grupos. Conclusão As respostas eletroacústicas foram discretamente inferiores nos recém-nascidos exposto à sífilis materna, enquanto que as respostas eletrofisiológicas foram semelhantes às encontradas na população de baixo risco para deficiência auditiva.
Settlement of a pile under cyclic lateral loads in dry sand
Authors: Zheng Gang , Sun Jibin , Zhang Tianqi , Diao Yu
Published: November 2021

It is found through centrifuge model tests that the cyclic lateral load on a pile reduces the shaft friction and induces additional pile settlement. A theoretical model using the load-transfer method was proposed for the settlement prediction of cyclic laterally loaded piles in dry sand. A simple formula was established to quickly predict the pile settlement in practical engineering. The theoretical model provided a reasonable estimate of the pile settlement, while the predictions from the proposed quick prediction formula were relatively conservative. A new concept of ‘settlement-controlled design’ was proposed to advance the methodology for the design of a pile by considering potential settlement after many cycles of lateral loads. According to the design plane derived from this study, it was suggested that the design-state points should be limited to the convergent zone.
GGBS Use in Concrete as Cement Constituent: Strength Development and Sustainability Effects – Part 1
Authors: Fan Haotian , Dhir Ravindra K. , Hewlett Peter C.
Published: November 2021

This study, third in the series, following from ground limestone and Class F fly ash, evaluates, as a cement constituent, the effect of using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) on the strength development of concrete, and consequently its embodied carbon dioxide (CO2e). The paper has been built from systematically analysing, evaluating and modelling the extensive data-matrix developed, having 85,099 data points, from the information sourced from 663 studies published in English, during 1974 to 2020, by 1,672 authors, working in 718 institutions in 49 countries, globally. It is shown that, at a given water/cement ratio, in comparison to Portland cement (PC), the use of GGBS results in a reduction in 28-day concrete strength, which increases with GGBS content, at a rate determined by the strength of concrete, GGBS fineness, and curing of concrete. It is also shown that, as to achieve a 28-day design strength, a lower water/cement ratio is required with a PC/GGBS blended cement than PC, this will reduce the actual CO2e savings that can be realised with the use of GGBS as cement constituent in manufacturing concrete. Finally, it is shown that GGBS is more effective in lowering CO2e of concrete than FA and GLS.
New species of Arge Schrank, 1802 (Hymenoptera, Argidae) from Turkey
Authors: Kaplan Emin , Haris Attila
Published: November 2021

Arge yildirimi sp. n. is described from Turkey, Diyarbakir Province and compared to Arge pectoralis (Leach, 1817) and Arge frivaldszkyi (Tischbein, 1852).
Geographic isolation created distinct pelage characters in Finlayson’s squirrel on isolated island offshore of the Indochina Peninsula in Central Vietnam
Authors: Ly Tu Ngoc , Nguyen Son Truong , Motokawa Masaharu , Vu Duong Thuy , Bui Hai Tuan , Dang Phuong Huy , Oshida Tatsuo
Published: November 2021

We found distinct pelage characters in Finlayson’s squirrel (Callosciurus finlaysonii) population, which is endemic to Lao Island of the Cham Islands, located off the coast of central Vietnam. Among squirrels of the ‘C. erythraeus-finlaysonii complex’, which consists of all forms of C. erythraeus and C. finlaysonii, mitochondrial cytochrome-b sequences show that the Lao Island squirrel forms a cluster with C. finlaysonii with external characters of C. erythraeus flavimanus, defined previously as ‘C. finlaysonii morpha flavimanus’. Both squirrel forms, however, differed in pelage colour. This different colouration may have arisen from the effect of geographic isolation.
Approaching Bulk from the Nanoscale: Extrapolation of Binding Energy from Rock-Salt Cuts of Alkaline Earth Metal Oxides
Authors: Escher Susanne G.E.T. , Duncan Helen D. , Sokol Alexey A. , Woodley Scott M.
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT A systematic DFT study is performed on (MgO)B, (CaO)n, (SrO)n, and (BaO)n clusters with 6 < n < 50, and which display a cuboid 2X2X2 atomic motif seen in the bulk, rock-salt, configuration. The stability and energy progression of these clusters are used to predict the energies of infinitely long nanorods, or nanowires, slabs, and the bulk global minimum energy. Keywords: Alkaline earth metal oxides, nanoclusters, nanorods, DFT.
What Triggers Teacher Research Engagement and Sustainability in a Higher Education Context in Turkey?
Authors: SAKARKAYA Vildan , BUMEN Nilay
Published: November 2021

Despite its increasing popularity as a continuous professional development tool in ELT contexts, why teacher research remains as a minority activity and whether or how its impacts persist over time still require detailed exploration. In this mixed-methods case study of university instructors in Turkey, we address the questions of teacher research engagement and sustainability of its impacts. The study started with a relatively larger group (n=33), and then gradually narrowed into three sub-groups to gain an in-depth understanding of the case. Two questionnaires consisting of closed and open-ended questions and interviews carried out with semi-structured forms have been used as data collection tools. The qualitative data have been analyzed by content analysis, while frequency analysis has been carried out for the quantitative data. Findings reveal that expert support and colleagues with research experience trigger teacher research engagement, whereas limitations in institutional support and instructors’ awareness of teacher research and economic matters contribute to the most prevalent barrier to teacher research viz. lack of time. Moreover, instructors feel more motivated and confident, research-oriented four years after their teacher research projects. We argue that positive experience with context-related research projects and dissemination of research results in various forms facilitate the sustainability of those impacts and efforts to engage in new projects, while constraints in time and institutional support hinder these