bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development Economics and the issues of poverty and social inequalities
Authors: Piasecki Ryszard
Published: March 2019

Development economics emerged as a separate discipline of economic science in the 1950s but it wasn’t until the 1960s and mid-1970s that it began to draw serious attention. Gradually, an extensive literature concerning economic development was built up. In the 1980s it turned out, however, that despite some successes, the economic growth in most of medium and less developed countries was not as high as expected. During the 1980s and 1990s, the so-called Washington Consensus dominated the theory and practice of economic development. This notion covered the whole range of activities that were to lead the developing countries to improved welfare and prosperity. It included strict fiscal and monetary policies, deregulation, foreign trade and capital flow liberalisation, elimination of government subsidies, moderate taxation, liberalisation of interest rates, maintaining low inflation, etc. Based on the developmental experience of over past ten years, a new paradigm of development is emerging, the elements of which can be described as follows: (1) the basic economic environment should encourage the long-term investment in (2) the economy should have a high sensitivity to market stimuli (3) human capital must complement physical capital (4) due to the fast flow and absorption of information in the rapidly changing world, the key role is played by institutions and mechanisms that jointly respond to stimuli (5) wherever market failures occur, an intervention of the state should be market-friendly 6) social equality must be guaranteed if the economic development is to take place on a sustainable basis.
A brief history of Business Ethics here and now
Authors: Gasparski Wojciech W.
Published: March 2019

The article is a review of issues connected with business ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the last 20 years. Two decades have passed since the Sixth Polish Philosophical Congress took place in Toruń, where—for the first time in the history of Polish philosophical conventions—business ethics was recognized as a philosophical sub-discipline. It manifested itself in a special subsection of the Congress devoted to the topic, which was also kept at the next congress meetings. The paper is not a full review and most likely is not free from subjectivism. This is partly due to the fact that the subject matter falls within the scope of the philosophy of practicality—as the author interprets and refers to the philosophical system of Tadeusz Kotarbiński.
Dialogue, ethics, economy. The application of dialogue in management (in the context of business ethics in the German-speaking area)
Authors: Szulczewski Grzegorz
Published: March 2019

The article names the conditions that a conversation has to fulfill in order to become a dialogue. The author undertakes to present the philosophy and ethics of dialogue, which were established based on the concept of dialogue. Its representatives include Jürgen Habermas and Karl-Otto Apel. Next, on the example of German business ethics, it is demonstrated how the philosophy and ethics of dialogue could become the foundation of the Republican economic ethics, developed by Peter Ulrich, and corporate ethics, put forward by Horst Steinmann. In the author’s opinion, they may prove useful in developing a new version of business ethics, formed upon reflection about experiences of the financial and economic crisis that began in 2008 and the effects of which are visible to this day.
The labor issue in the USA in the first half of the 20th century. The contribution of the Catholic Church to its solution
Authors: Graban Marcin
Published: March 2019

The stance of the Catholic Church in the United States of America on the problems related to workers’ wages is an interesting issue from the point of view of the ethics of economic life and the development of Catholic social thought. The interpretation of the main Catholic social ideas contained in Leo XIII’s encyclical letter Rerum novarum was made by Father John Augustine Ryan (1896–1945), who soon became a major proponent of the idea that a good economic policy can only result from good ethics. In the history of the United States of America, the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries was a time of the development of labor unions, associations and workers’ organizations as well as the consolidation of efforts to achieve equitable remuneration (a living wage) and regulate working conditions. It was also a time of struggling with the ideas of socialism and nationalism. The Catholic Church played a significant role in the discourse on these issues, including the influence of John A. Ryan. His efforts led to one of the most important interpretations of economic life: The Program of Social Reconstruction (1919), and some of its postulates can be found in the New Deal legislation.
Moral dilemmas of the development of postmodern societies
Authors: Płachciak Adam
Published: March 2019

The aim of the article is to present tensions that occur in social, cultural, political, and technological spheres as a result of the development of postmodern societies. The changes that have been taking place in those areas involve, along with unquestionable benefits, a type of risk which, without any moral reflection, can cause a serious global crisis. The postmodern times should be understood as a continuation of the modern formation where all typical features of modernism take a more radical form. The postmodern specific style of life is characterised by uncertainty, the unpredictability of the future, as well as a decline of traditional values and morals. Moreover, the present postmodern tendencies in the area of morals can hinder the right course of development of society, economy and ecology.
Asparuh and His People on the Lower Danube through the Eyes of Theophanes, or a Story that Was Not Meant to Happen
Authors: Marinow Kirił
Published: March 2019

The Bulgarians’ settlement in the Lower Danube area constituted one of the most significant events in the history of the Balkan Peninsula in the Middle Ages. The Danube Bulgaria’s rise and its territorial expansion changed the political situation in this area. The Bulgarians became Byzantium’s chief opponents in the struggle for establishing ascendancy over the Balkan Peninsula. The analysis of Theophanes’ Chronography, which remains, in addition to the account by Patriarch Nicephorus, the main source of information about these events supports the conclusion that this Byzantine author took a very negative view of the effects of the arrival of these nomads in the former Byzantine territories. Although this account has been analysed in detail by a number of scholars, these authors have paid no attention to the key role of the tale of Khan Kubrat and the disobedience of his five sons who failed to remain faithful to his last wish. The significance of the personal experiences of Theophanes, who witnessed the Bulgarian expansion during the era of Khan Krum, is also omitted from today’s discussion of these issues. These experiences contributed to the way in which he viewed the migration of the ancestors of the distinguished Bulgarian ruler. The chronicler may thus be considered to have offered a very clear view of what the readers should think of the Bulgarians’ arrival in the Balkan territories.
Libanios, Discours, t. III, Discours XI. Antiochicos, texte établi et traduit par M. Casevitz, O. Lagacherie, notes complémentaires par C. Saliou, Les Belles Lettres, Paris 2016 [= Collection des Universités de France. Série grecque, 524], pp. CIII, 213.
Authors: Filipczak Paweł
Published: March 2019

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Św. Jan Chryzostom, Mowy do Antiocheńczyków o posągach [Spechees for Antiochenes on the Statues], przekład i komentarz J. Iluk, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk–Sopot 2017, pp. XXII, 278.
Authors: Filipczak Paweł
Published: March 2019

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MENCERMATI IDEOLOGI FIKIH POLITIK GERAKAN FUNDAMENTALISME IKHWAN AL MUSLIMIN DI MESIR
Authors: Roibin Roibin
Published: March 2019

The paper discusses the ideology of fundamentalism on political fiqh. Their idea of ‘total Islam’ emerges problematic situation as the concept they build has not yet faced theoretical and practical construction. This is in line with the idea they have, historical-philology, a hint of paragidm which trying to have religious comprehension structurally, textually, and literally. Since its establishment in 1981, Ikhwan community has conducted many political activities. All activities are intended to reach the vision and mission of the organization, even, by conducting an extreme way that is executing the leader who does not response and accomodate their belief, syari’at Islam. This situation leads to a point of view that their movement is successful and fail in two different sides. They successfully defend the consistency to build the religious proselytizing activities. On the other hand, they cannot have any support from the leader to accommodate their activities.
KAJIAN PENGEMBANGAN ILMU TAUHID/KALAM
Authors: Mulyono Mulyono
Published: March 2019

Learning Sciences Tauhid / Kalam became a problem faced by all educators of Islam, both within schools, madrasah, Islamic schools, the board taklim to the college environment. Because the problems discussed in monotheism itself is the abstract / invisible. Therefore, educators should use different approaches in the assessment and development Science of Tauhid/Kalam, including: (1) theological approach (naqli), (2) a philosophical approach (aqli), (3) theoretical approach, and (4) contextual approach and applicative. The learning strategies that can be used to achieve competency standards students, can be done through: (1) The models of innovative learning, (2) Use the maximum learning media, (3) Assessment of the proportion from the beginning until the end of the lesson, (4) Materials Science of Tauhid should be linked to other sciences related to and supportive.
FILSAFAT MOHAMMAD ABID AL JABIRI DAN RELEVANSINYA DALAM PEMIKIRAN ISLAM KONTEMPORER
Authors: Firdausy M. Anwar
Published: March 2019

Some ideologies of philosophy thinking, such as Rationalism, Empirism, and Positivism which were born in western countries could not be accepted easily in the Muslim countries many years ago. However, the awareness for not to refuse the mindset or western epistemology, finally could be tolerated by the Muslim scholars, such as Muhammad Abid aljabiri who strived to introduce his new theory of Bayani, Burhani, and Irfani. Those three theories are not substantially different from western epistemology. With different rhetoric, aljabiri strived to make his theories became a bridge to the contemporary Islamic thinking. The source of the Bayani thinking theory is from texts or messages from God, while the Burhani thinking theory is from the reality of nature, humanities and religion. Meanwhile, the theory of Irfani thinking is from the experience of the deepest soul or it is called reflective in the term of Isyroqi tradition. In addition, the theories are also as a reflection of his sadness toward the bad reality of the disability of the Arabian people to follow modem civilization.
RELIGIUSITAS DAN PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
Authors: Rahayu Iin Tri
Published: March 2019

In recent years, social scientists have noted a link between religiosity and many standards of physical and psychological well-being. The possibility that religiosity is linked to health and psychological well-being has attracted attention. Many researches indicate that people who are highly engaged in religious pursuits (e.g. those who frequently attend religious services) or who report that religion is a central aspect of their lives tend to have slightly higher psychological well being, slightly depressive symptoms, and slightly longer lives than their less religious counterparts.
ANALISIS SUFISTIK KONSEP SUKSMA SEJATI DALAM AJARAN PAGUYUBAN NGESTI TUNGGAL, PANGESTU
Authors: Kolis Nur
Published: March 2019

Pangestu as one of the Javanese spiritual streams has unique characteristics of thought. The concept of the Suksma Sejati as the basic teachings of Pangestu mentioned in Serat Sasangka Jati has in common with the concept of Nûr Muḥammad in tasawuf. The similarity lies in the concept of God, nature, and man, all of which expressed in relation to each other. The concept of the Suksma Sejati and Nûr Muḥammad have concluded that the nature and its content are the locus for the manifestation of God. While the perfect human is the perfect manifestation of him. In addition, Pangestu also states that the Suksma Sejati is the same as Christ. However, in Serat Sasangka Jati there is no conclusion that the Suksma Sejati is the Lord Christ to worship. This study shows that Pangestu has an understanding in consistent with tasawuf's thinking. In Pangestu comprehension, the Suksma Sejati is “a part of God,” but according to Nûr Muḥammad, the Suksma Sejati is the creation of God as a conductor between servant and God. Although its position is the same as Christ, but he remains a servant who is not worthy of worship.
Peran Serta Masyarakat di Kota Malang Berdasarkan UU No. 24 Tahun 1992 Dalam Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah
Authors: Harry Musleh
Published: March 2019

People strongly urge for a civil society as the reflection of democracy in which their great participation determines the success of the government programs. The Constitutions No 2-1 1992 and No. 22 1999 show that people have the right to take a part in determining the programs. However, it is clearly seen that this civil right is not well accommodated As the result, the developmental programs are not designed to meet their needs and, even, create critical gaps. This social legal research is done to find out the effectiveness of application of the two above rules by paying more attention to the causes of the low participation given by the informal workers (PKL) and ways how the local government applies two rules. It turns out the government is not consistent in having law enforcement toward these people. This was caused by the fact that government considers these informal workers only have a temporal job. In addition, the government doesn’t have a definite policy as result of reform euphoria of Ulul Albab.
Pornografi Sebagai Sebuah Realitas Sosial (Kajian dari Aspek Filsafat Sosial dan Agama)
Authors: Djakfar Muhammad , Rasmianto Rasmianto
Published: March 2019

Pornography and porno-action are the two words commonly heard and often become the community discourse. Even today the porno-action, which exploits the body of human being-especially the women-, become worse and is covered nicely as marketable entertainment business. It is believed that the growth of pornography and porno-action is not caused by a single Variable but is supported by other variables usually done by the artists as public figure and published by mass media. According to social philosophy paradigm, the great amount of pornography and porno-action today has clearly destroyed the perfect order of social structure. While according to Islam, it depends on how deep the subject's belief to the religious norm is. The more firmly they hold the religious values, the more slowly pornography and porno-action develop, so that the social structure is not very much disturbed. Therefore, the instruments to be applied to slow down the development of pornography and porno-action are establishing social awareness, as well as realizing the regulations for anti-pornography which function as efforts of prevention and cure.
Peningkatan Kinerja Koperasi dan UKM Melalui Kemitraan Usaha
Authors: Yunus Muh.
Published: March 2019

Since economically Indonesia declined because of monetary crisis in 1997, "partnership" program considered as the alternative to solve economic problem of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Its importance to decrease costs and improve production quality, to avoid supply/demand fluctuation, to create external scale of economies, to avoid uncertainty and to guaranty of good and service flow by continuously. The partnership program can be efficient, when there is no unbalance relationship conditions among Cooperatives/SMEs with their partner: Cooperatives/SMEs in "worse of" conditions and partners in "better of" condition. So, the performance Of Cooperatives/SMEs can be improved. So far, the measurement of cooperative performance focusing on finance aspect. The firm reaches high Roi considered as successfull business. Whereas, measuring business performance only on financial aspect can be bias. Therefore, it is important to have new approach on measurement business performance using "Balanced Scorecard".
Filsafat Sosial Dalam Paradigma Al-qur'an: Dekonstruksi Teori Konflik Perspektif Barat
Authors: Zenrif M. Fauzan
Published: March 2019

The objective of this study is to analyze the concepts of social philosophy in al-Qur 'an, especially the theory of conflict. By making use a Thematically  Approach, and of a Historical and Socio-Anthropological interpretation and analysis, it finds some concepts of Islamic social philosophy which has differences in confronting with a modern (Western) concept of conflict. It also finds the impact of these concepts in Islamic tradition of social transformation by the Muhammad saw era.
Arab Keturunan di Indonesia; Tinjauan Sosio-Historis tentang Arab Keturunan dan Perannya dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Indonesia
Authors: Yahya Yahya
Published: March 2019

The role of Arabic-Indonesian community in Islamic da 'wah in Indonesia is quite important. However, there are few studies of their role that have been conducted It is for this reason that the writer would like to observe the role and the existence of this community from the social-historical perspective. There are two theories in understanding their relationship with indigenous people. The first is identical theory which perceives that historically Islam is identical with Arab and therefore cannot be separated from Arabic people. The second theory is that the arrival and the development of Arabic community in Indonesia, on the perspective of anthropological history, is closely related to the history of conversion to Islam and the development of Islam in society. The writer tries to observe their social life and their active role in the development of Indonesian society.
lmplementasi Emotional Intelligence Dalam Pelaksanaan Supervisi Pengajaran Kepala Sekolah Untuk Meningkatkan Semangat Kerja Profesional Guru
Authors: Ali Nur
Published: March 2019

One of the principal's responsibility toward teacher is improving teachers' capability in managing teaching learning process in the school. Therefore, he must hold supervision perfectly. In fact, in many cases indicate that the principal, in general, who holds the duties of supervision in the school were not inherent with the principles of supervision yet. The methods used by the principal were less persuasive, whereas the appropriate method can determine the success supervision, because the activities of supervision are related with social interaction between supervisor and teachers. This article describes about individual's emotional intelligence that has influence in achieving the goals. Someone who has a high emotional intelligence is more success in his works, can develop a good personal relation, and motivate other people and himself The principal's emotional intelligence has influence toward achievement of his works significantly. The principal who has a high emotional intelligence is more success in holding supervision and duties, can develop a personal-interpersonal relations and motivate the teachers and himself well.
Signifikansi: Proses Pencarian Makna Terhadap Teks-teks Agama (Menyibak Pemikiran Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid)
Authors: Muzakki Akhmad
Published: March 2019

Naturally, said Gadamer, word belongs to and is taken from reality. Human being looks for appropriate words as form of expression for reality. Ontologically, language created by human being is not only as a means of communication and thinking, but rather it is seen as the manifestation of reality, while they are articulating that language. Therefore, the meaning of a word is in the concept of thought. In the linguistic theory of Saussure, a word is a sign related to signifiant (which gives meaning) and signifie (which is given meaning). The signifiant gives form or expression while signifie concept or meaning. The relationship between the signifiant and the signifie based on the social convention is called signification, or "maghza" in Nasr Hamid's term. In other words, the signification is the effort of giving the meaning to the sign (language). Among the language philosophers, Jacques Derrida, for instance, the last signifie is not always admitted. Derrida said, meaning appears due to metaphor exchange and meaning changes when the speakers change. Or, as what Nasr Hamid had expressed, the meaning of the religious texts are not established when the text was made, but rather it is dynamic, relational, and changing depending on the socio-historical background of the readers.
Analisis Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Anggota Kepolisian Resort Malang
Authors: Sani Achmad
Published: March 2019

The study aims at: 1) describing the organization culture and performance, 2) finding out the simultaneuos influence of organization culture (variables of innovation, reward, cooperation or team work, result or outcome orientation and service orientation) on the performance. This is an explanatory research involving the employees of Polresta Malang as the analysis unit. The studi used proportional random sampling method and to collect data from 81 respondent a questionnaire was used The analysis technique used were multiple, partial regression, and determination. The result of study showed that: 1) simultaneously the organizational culture significantly influenced the performance, 2) partial(v the organization culture had also positive influence on the performance, 3) reward had the most significant influence on the performance. Based on the finding, therefore it is suggested that the organization pays more attention to reward, either material reward or non material reward, since reward is basically a dominant variable in influencing performance.
Female maturation and rematuration acceleration of Mutiara strain catfish (Clarias gariepinus) using combination of oocyte developer hormone and astaxanthin addition diet
Authors: Jufri Fatahillah Maulana , Sudrajat Agus Oman , Setiawati Mia
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT Reproductive design for gonadal maturation process mostly related with some factors such as environmental signals, reproductive organs, hormonal and nutrition. This research was conducted on female Mutiara strain of North African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus by combining two kinds of materials administered to broodstock diet, namely oocyte developer (Oodev) which contains of PMSG hormone and antidopamin, and astaxanthin carotenoid. Research designs were divided into C (Control), A50 (astaxanthin 50 mg/kg feed), A100 (astaxanthin 100 mg/kg feed), Od0.5 (Oodev 0.5 mL/kg fish for two weeks), Od1 (1 mL/kg fish for 2 weeks), Od0.5A50 (combined Od0.5 with A50), Od1A50 (combined Od1 with A50), Od0.5A100 (combined Od0.5 with A100), and Od1A100 (combined Od1 with A100). This research was performed during twelve weeks of feeding. The Od1A100 treatment showed the best reproduction performance result compared to other treatment with highest hepatosomatic (HSI) and gonadosomatic (HSI) indexes (P<0.05), also fastest increase in egg diameters (P<0.05), shorter rematuration periods and highest proportion of mature broodstock. These results indicated that Oodev and astaxanthin could accelerate gonadal maturity in female broodstock of Mutiara catfish.Keywords: Broodstock, hormonal, reproduction, oocyte developer, astaxanthin  ABSTRAK Rekayasa reproduksi untuk proses pematangan gonad sebagian besar terkait dengan beberapa faktor seperti sinyal lingkungan, organ reproduksi, hormonal dan nutrisi. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap strain ikan lele Mutiara (Clarias gariepinus) betina menggunakan dua bahan yang dicampur pada pakan induk, yaitu oocyte developer (Oodev) yang mengandung hormon PMSG dan antidopamin, dan karotenoid astaxanthin. Eksperimen yang dirancang adalah K (Kontrol), A50 (Astaxanthin 50 mg/kg pakan), A100 (Astaxanthin 100 mg/kg pakan), Od0.5 (Oodev 0,5 mL/kg induk untuk 2 minggu), Od1 (Oodev 1 mL/kg induk untuk 2 minggu), Od0.5A50 (kombinasi Od0.5 dan A50), Od1A50 (kombinasi Od1 dan A50), Od0.5A100 (kombinasi Od0.5 dan A100), dan Od1A100 (kombinasi Od1 dan A100). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memberi makan dua belas minggu. Performa reproduksi terbaik didapat pada perlakuan Od1A100. Od1A100 memiliki indeks hepatosomatik (HSI) dan gonadosomatik (HSI) tertinggi (P <0,05), juga diameter telur paling cepat besar (p <0,05), periode rematurasi terpendek, dan proporsi induk matang gonad tertinggi. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa Oodev dan astaxanthin dapat mempercepat kematangan gonad pada induk betina ikah lele Mutiara. Keyword: Induk, hormon, reproduksi, oocyte developer, astaxanthin
Condiciones del pensador crítico
Authors: López Díaz Rodolfo Alberto
Published: March 2019

En la vida universitaria se asume que el estudiante piensa de manera crítica o que enseñar a pensar críticamente es un espacio de los otros docentes, de otras facultades. Esos malentendidos o sobreentendidos hacen más difuso este proceso formativo, hasta llegar, en muchas ocasiones, a convertirlo en discurso vacío, en anhelo sin procesos formales ni regularmente situados. Por lo anterior, el presente artículo parte de una pregunta: ¿qué se requiere para pensar críticamente? Ante este interrogante, se abre un horizonte de diferentes voces que se han encargado de precisar qué es pensamiento y qué se necesita para pensar críticamente. Luego, el texto pasa a determinar diez condiciones que fortalecen el pensamiento crítico, cada una de ellas acompañada de algunas preguntas directrices para hacerla visible.
Higher-order categories in Kakataibo (Pano) ethnobiological classification
Authors: Zariquiey Roberto
Published: March 2019

This paper offers the first characterization of the ethnobiological taxonomic system used by the Kakataibo people (Pano, Peru) to classify and organize their knowledge about nature. The study follows the six ranks proposed for folk taxonomies (see Berlin et al 197; Berlin 1992), but the data suggest that the Kakataibo taxonomic system exhibits an extra taxonomic level in association with culturally and perceptually more salient categories, producing highly complex classifications (non-salient categories exhibit much simpler internal organizations). This paper also demonstrates the existence of overlapping plant classifications, which seem to be relevant for the understanding of the whole Kakataibo taxonomic system.
BIM 4D no planejamento de obras: detalhamento, benefícios e dificuldades
Authors: Silva Paula Heloisa da , Crippa Julianna , Scheer Sergio
Published: March 2019

Os processos de Planejamento e Controle de Obras (PCO) subsidiam o cumprimento do custo, prazo e qualidade esperado da obra. Estes apresentam influência direta sob a produtividade obtida no canteiro de obras, pois as informações falhas provenientes da documentação gerada são interpretadas como os principais fatores de causa-efeito associados à baixa produtividade, desperdícios de materiais e mão de obra, resultando em baixa qualidade do produto final. O uso da Modelagem da Informação da Construção na construção civil vem sendo proposto como uma solução tecnológica para tais problemas. Quando BIM é associado ao PCO é recorrente utilizar o termo BIM 4D ou modelagem 4D. Desta forma, este artigo busca esclarecer como desenvolver o uso do BIM 4D para PCO e quais os benefícios e dificuldades provenientes. A questão foi abordada por meio de uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura. Identificou-se o sequenciamento de atividades para o desenvolvimento do PCO baseado em BIM e ferramental associado. As dificuldades principais encontradas foram associadas ao processo de implementação e ao processo trabalhoso e intenso da modelagem 3D requerida e da integração disciplinada com o cronograma da obra. Entretanto, o BIM 4D para o PCO mostra-se viável apontando benefícios no provimento de diretrizes de otimização do processo tradicional de PCO, trazendo soluções para grande parte dos problemas inerentes ao método convencional, além de contribuir para a redução de retrabalhos por meio da interoperabilidade, integração de sistemas de comunicação e simulação do processo construtivo.
Análise das manifestações patológicas em fachadas por meio de inspeção com VANT
Authors: Tondelo Patricia Geittenes , Barth Fernando
Published: March 2019

A altura dos edifícios cria locais de difícil acesso que podem ter sua degradação mais acelerada pela falta de equipamentos hábeis para realização de inspeções prediais. Este artigo busca analisar os aspectos construtivos e as manifestações patológicas das fachadas industrializadas por meio de inspeções auxiliadas por Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados (VANTs). A análise dos aspectos construtivos abrangeu visitas técnicas a edificação e observações realizadas no projeto arquitetônico da fachada industrializada. A análise das manifestações patológicas abrangeu a proposição e o teste de um método de inspeção para identificar as anomalias do revestimento externo. Com relação aos aspectos construtivos, observou-se que o projeto destas vedações exige níveis de detalhamento, tais como a paginação das fachadas, acompanhamento da produção e montagem dos painéis, assim como controle das juntas. Com relação ao método de inspeção testado, a técnica de obtenção das imagens por meio da estabilização do drone em pontos pré-determinados se mostrou mais eficiente que a técnica de frames em voos pré-definidos. Os resultados apontaram que a falta de detalhamento do projeto de fachada ocasionou falhas com relação à configuração dos orifícios de ventilação da câmara de ar e o aparecimento de manifestações patológicas prematuras. Por fim, conclui-se que os processos de inspeção com VANT podem contribuir para maior controle, precisão e periodicidade no monitoramento do comportamento das fachadas ao longo da sua vida útil, produzindo assim edifícios mais eficientes ambientalmente e resistentes à obsolescência.
La ingesta de aceite esencial de orégano (Lippia origanoides) mejora la morfología intestinal en Broilers
Authors: Madrid-Garcés T.A. , López-Herrera A. , Parra-Suescún J.E.
Published: March 2019

Los antibióticos han sido utilizados como aditivos en los alimentos para animales, especialmente en pollos de engorde a nivel mundial, con fines terapéuticos y como promotores de crecimiento (APC);sin embargo, la creciente preocupación por la proliferación de microorganismos resistentes, ha llevado a la prohibición del uso de antibióticos en alimentación animal en muchos países. Como una alternativa, se ha propuesto el uso de extractos derivados de plantas aromáticas, denominados “aceites esenciales”. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de tres niveles de Aceite Esencial de Orégano (AEO), (Lippia origanoides), sobre el crecimiento y la morfología digestiva en pollos de engorde de la línea genética Cobb500. Se utilizaron 200 pollos machos de un día de nacidos, alojados en corrales en piso. Los animales fueron aleatorizados a una de cinco dietas: dieta comercial con y sin antibiótico; esta última adicionada con diferentes niveles de AEO (0ppm, 75ppm, 100ppm o 200ppm AEO). Las aves fueron sacrificadas los días 14, 28 y 42 de vida, y se les extrajo el intestino delgado, del cual se tomaron porciones de duodeno, yeyuno e íleon para evaluación histológica. Se realizó un diseño estadístico de bloques al azar en un arreglo de parcelas dividas, donde los animales fueron aleatorizados a uno de 15 tratamientos (5 dietas por 3 edades). Para las vellosidades intestinales se encontró un aumento significativo en la longitud y ancho, y para las criptas intestinales una disminución significativa en la profundidad y ancho; ambos parámetros a favor de la dieta con mayor inclusión de AEO (200ppm AEO) (P
Influencia del sistema de producción en la calidad de la canal de cerdos de raza Bísara
Authors: Araújo J.P. , Cerqueira J.L. , Pires P. , Amorim I. , Carneiro M. , Santos-Silva J. , Domínguez R. , Bermúdez R. , Lorenzo J.M.
Published: March 2019

La utilización de razas locales en sistemas de producción alternativos presenta una serie de ventajas, como la gestión medioambiental, la biodiversidad y la producción agrícola sostenible orientada hacia un mercado de productos de calidad diferenciada, especialmente en áreas desfavorecidas. En este trabajo se estudió la influencia de dos sistemas de producción en la calidad de la canal de cerdos de raza Bísara. La alimentación recibida fue igual en ambos casos. En la fase de crecimiento (98 días) se alimentaron con pienso compuesto comercial, mientras que durante el acabado se les administró pienso compuesto y harina de maíz. Se recogieron datos de peso vivo y canal después de 24h a 4ºC y se calculó el rendimiento de la canal. Se realizaron medidas morfométricas lineales de la media canal derecha, tras 24h post-mortem. El espesor de la grasa dorsal se midió a nivel de la 1ª costilla, la última costilla, en el músculo gluteus medius en el área más espesa de grasa (extremo craneal) y en la de inferior espesura. Teniendo en cuenta los resultados obtenidos, no se observan diferencias significativas en ninguno de los parámetros analizados. El peso de la canal fría (94,23±7,55 kg) y el rendimiento (75,51±1,48%) así como las medidas morfométricas mostraron valores prácticamente coincidentes entre ambos tipos de sistemas de producción. Tampoco se observaron diferencias en el espesor de la grasa dorsal. Las cuatro medidas indican un grado elevado y homogéneo de grasa dorsal, característica frecuentemente constatada en razas de cerdos no mejoradas (razas locales) existentes en todo el mundo.
Efectos de los métodos de almacenamiento de huevos y los períodos de almacenamiento en la incubabilidad y el rendimiento post-eclosión de las codornices japonesas
Authors: Ayoola A.A. , Adeyemi O.A. , Eruvbetine D. , Egbeyale L.T. , Sobayo R.A. , Sogunle O.M.
Published: March 2019

Este estudio se realizó para determinar las características de eclosión de los huevos de codorniz almacenados durante varios días en dos medios diferentes y su desempeño posterior a la eclosión. Un total de 900 huevos para incubar fueron divididos aleatoriamente en seis grupos. Los huevos se almacenaron adoptando dos métodos de almacenamiento de huevos que incluyen refrigeración (70C) y aire acondicionado (180C) y para diferentes períodos de almacenamiento que incluyen 0, 6 y 12 días, organizando así el experimento en un diseño completamente aleatorizado en 2 x 3 Disposición experimental factorial. También se llevaron a cabo estudios adicionales en los pollos incubados para investigar los efectos de ambos factores en un diseño completamente aleatorizado. Los resultados mostraron que la pérdida de peso por almacenamiento de huevos fue mayor (P
La deformación del borde dorsal del cuello en burros en Andalucía y Extremadura, España
Authors: Morales A. , Méndez A. , Pérez J.
Published: March 2019

Se plantea como objetivo estudio de la incidencia de la deformación del borde dorsal del cuello en burros en Andalucía y Extremadura, España. Se practicó un examen clínico a cada uno de los burros mediante la inspección detallada y la palpación. Se realizó un estudio morfológico siguiendo el protocolo de adiposidad para la evaluación del borde dorsal del cuello descrito. Se analizo el grado de deformación del cuello, diámetro del cuello, largo del cuello, peso, actividad atlética, localización geográfica y tipo de alimentación, tipo de manejo, instalaciones. Se estudiaron a un total de 853 burros, la deformación del borde dorsal del cuello presento una mayor incidencia en burros de raza Andaluza de 70%, en raza Miniatura 14%, en Zamorano-Leonesa 9% y por último en la raza Catalana 7%. En relación al sexo el 65% fue macho y hembras 35%. El nivel de correlación entre el grado de deformidad y el sistema de manejo fue positivo de 0.18, también para la deformación del cuello y la altura del comedero 0.0835. La deformación del borde dorsal del cuello (Cuello de gato, cresta o cresty neck), presento una incidencia de 40%, con mayor número de observaciones en burros de raza Andaluza de 70%, en raza Miniatura 14%, en Zamorano-Leonesa 9% y por último en la raza Catalana 7%.
Evaluación agronómica de germoplasma de arachis pintoi en Florida
Authors: Carvalho M. A. , Quesenberry K. H.
Published: March 2019

El germoplasma de Arachis pintoi muestra una gran variabilidad con respecto a la adaptación, producción de materia seca, valor nutritivo, producción de semillas, y la reacción a los nematodos. El rendimiento medio de materia seca de forraje (FDMY) durante el año 2003 fue de 4,35 Mg/ha, y osciló entre cero y 9,10 Mg/ha. La proteína bruta y la digestibilidad in vitro de la materia orgánica (IVOMD) fueron altas confirmando que A. pintoi tiene excelente valor nutritivo. La proteína bruta promedio fue de 180 g/kg de MS y osciló entre 130 a 220 g/kg de MS. La IVOMD fue de 670 g/kg de MS, promedio y osciló entre 600 y 730 g/kg de MS. Algunas cepas de semillas de alto rendimiento alcanzaron valores superiores a 1 Mg/ha, 18 y 30 meses después de la siembra. El promedio de producción de semillas fue 0,32 Mg/ha en 2003, y 0,43 Mg/ha en 2004. En general, las cepas PI 604817, 497574, 604815, 604810, 604808 y 604857 fueron las que mejor se adaptaron al medio ambiente de la zona norte-centro de Florida siendo las de mejores características agronómicas. Este estudio demuestra, que en general las conclusiones sobre la adaptación y el valor agronómico de una especie a un medio ambiente no deben estar basadas en una o unas pocas líneas de germoplasma.
Morfogênese e estrutura de brachiaria decumbens em resposta ao corte e adubação nitrogenada
Authors: Da Silva T. C. , Perazzo A. F. , Macedo C. H. O. , Batista E. D. , Pinho R. A. , Bezerra H. F. , Santos E. M.
Published: March 2019

Objetivou-se avaliar as características morfogênicas e estruturais do pasto de Brachiaria decumbens, submetido a intensidades, fre-quências de corte e adubação nitrogenada. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, tendo na parcela o arranjo fatorial 2 x 2 referente a combinações entre duas alturas de corte (40 e 50 cm) e duas alturas de resíduo (15 e 25 cm) e nas sub-parcelas a adubação nitrogenada (com ou sem nitrogênio), com quatro repetições. As variáveis analisadas para as características morfogênicas foram: taxa de alongamento foliar (TAlF); taxa de alongamento de colmo (TAlC); taxa de aparecimento foliar (TApF); taxa de senescência foliar (TSF) e filocrono; e para as características estruturais foram: número de perfilhos basais (NPB); número de folhas totais (NFT); número de folhas aparecidas (NFAp); número de folhas mortas (NFM); número de folhas vivas (NFV) e comprimento final da folha (CFF). A utilização de 100 kg/ha de N permitiu aumento (p
Produção de pacu em tanques-rede no reservatório de itaipu, brasil: retorno econômico
Authors: Silva J. R. , Rabenschlag D. R. , Feiden A. , Boscolo W. R. , Signor A. A. , Bueno G. W.
Published: March 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a rentabilidade econômica de um projeto aquícola em tanques-rede para o cultivo de pacu (Piaractus mesopotâmicus) com peso médio final de 1 kg, propiciando assim informações para a tomada de decisão de investidores, produtores, técnicos, órgãos de fomento e demais instituições afetas à área. Para avaliação dos cenários de rentabilidade econômica utilizou-se o método determinístico com auxílio de uma planilha eletrônica. Verificou-se que os índices de retorno econômico na produção de pacu em 160 tanques-rede no reservatório de Itaipu apresentaram os piores resultados no cenário I com índice de lucratividade de -17,22%, devido à conversão alimentar de 3,58 e o preço da ração de R$ 0,75 kg. A análise do retorno sobre o investimento (ROI) apresentou os índices de 1,30; 1,36; 1,47 e 1,54 R$/kg entre os cenários A a D, respectivamente. O ponto de equilíbrio financeiro médio entre as projeções foi de R$ 226 921,1 e a média do volume mínimo a ser produzido foi de 55286,7 kg de pacu, baseando-se no ponto de equilíbrio físico do projeto com 160 tanques-rede. Para o melhor retorno econômico deve-se produzir no mínimo 40 946,4 kg de pacu em 160 tanques-rede com uma conversão alimentar de 1:2,49 e preço de venda do peixe a 4,00 atingindo 31,78% de lucratividade sobre a receita bruta com um ROI de 1,5393 R$ por quilo produzido.
Níveis de valina digestível para suínos machos castrados dos 15 aos 30 kg
Authors: Lohmann A. C. , Pozza P. C. , Pozza M. S. , Nunes R. V. , Castilha L. D. , Possamai M. , Bruno L. D. G. , Lazzeri D. B.
Published: March 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar níveis de valina digestível para suínos machos castrados, dos 15 aos 30 kg de peso. No primeiro experimento, para determinação do balanço de nitrogênio, foram utilizados 20 suínos, machos castrados, com peso inicial de 22,88±1,19 kg, distribuídos individualmente em gaiolas de metabolismo, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, constituído de cinco tratamentos (0,60; 0,67; 0,74; 0,81 e 0,88% de valina digestível) e quatro repetições. No segundo experimento, de desempenho, foram utilizados 40 suínos, machos castrados, com peso inicial de 15,49±0,06 kg, submetidos aos mesmos tratamentos, repetições e delineamento experimental utilizados no primeiro experimento. A relação N retido:N absorvido apresentou resposta quadrática, indicando um nível ótimo de valina digestível de 0,748%. A excreção total de N apresentou efeito quadrático em função dos níveis de valina digestíveis, sendo reduzida até o nível de 0,730% de valina digestível e a partir deste nível a excreção de N aumentou novamente. A eficiência de utilização de valina, para ganho de peso reduziu de forma linear à medida que aumentaram os níveis de valina digestível nas rações, e ao utilizar o modelo linear response plateou obteve-se a redução deste parâmetro até 0,790% de valina digestível. Conclui-se que o nível de 0,748% de valina digestível foi o mais adequado, ao se considerar o N retido: N absorvido, para suínos machos castrados dos 15 aos 30 kg de peso.
Persistência de patógenos e do antibiótico salinomicina em pilhas de compostagem de cama de aviário
Authors: Hahn L. , Padilha M. T. S. , Padilha J. C. F. , Poli A. , Rieff G. G.
Published: March 2019

A cama de aviário pode causar contaminação ambiental pelo excesso de nutrientes, microor-ganismos patogênicos e resíduos químicos. Para minimizar estes impactos pode-se fazer compos-tagem da cama de aviário antes de sua aplicação como fertilizante, porém, ainda existem muitas dúvidas sobre a eficiência deste tratamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a persistência de patógenos e do antibiótico salinomicina em cama de aviário submetida à pilhas estáticas de compostagem. Os três tratamentos usados foram: CSC (cama de aviário com camadas de solo e coberto com capim) CP (cama de aviário coberta com polietileno) e CCC (cama de aviário com camadas de capim e coberto com capim). Acompanhou-se a evolução da temperatura nas pilhas, pH, níveis de Escherichia coli, oocistos de eimérias e concentrações do antibiótico salino-micina. O tratamento CP foi o menos eficiente na degradação do antibiótico salinomicina até os 90 dias. A compostagem da cama de aviário, independente dos tratamentos, é eficiente na eliminação de E. coli.
Mananoligossacarídeos, ácidos orgânicos e probióticos para leitões de 21 a 49 dias de idade
Authors: Corassa A. , Lopes D. C. , Bellaver C.
Published: March 2019

Foi conduzido experimento utilizando 200 leitões de 21 a 49 dias de idade sob desafio sanitário, objetivando-se investigar os efeitos de dietas com mananoligossacarídeos, ácidos orgânicos e probióticos sobre o desempenho, pH gastrointestinal e escore de fezes. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com cinco tratamentos, dez repetições e quatro animais por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por dietas sem aditivos; com mananoligossacarídeos; com acidificante e probiótico; com mananoligossacarídeos, acidi-ficante e probiótico e com antimicrobianos. De 21 a 35 dias os animais do tratamento sem aditivos apresentaram maior consumo de ração, enquanto aqueles alimentados com acidificante e probiótico apresentaram menor ganho de peso. Nos períodos de 36 a 49 dias e total observou-se maior ganho de peso para dietas com antimicrobiano em relação à dieta sem aditivos e com acidificante e probiótico. Os animais da dieta sem aditivos apresentaram pior conversão alimentar no período total. Os escores de fezes e os valores de pH não foram influenciados pelos tratamentos. Dietas suplementadas com mananoligossacarídeos ou com mananoligossacarídeos, acidificante e probiótico propiciaram desempenho semelhante àquelas com antimicrobianos para leitões de 21 a 49 dias de idade.
La vaca lechera: entre la eficiencia económica y la ineficiencia biológica
Authors: Camargo O.
Published: March 2019

En los últimos 60 años la selección artificial en ganado de leche se ha venido acelerando, intensificando y apartando de su contraparte natural a medida que las necesidades y crisis humanas asociadas al desarrollo se fueron agudizando y la consolidación y expansión de la industria de la inseminación artificial lo fue permitiendo. Con la ayuda de las herramientas genéticas modernas y en función de la economía y el mercado, los criadores han logrado incrementar la productividad de sus animales y así contar con rebaños mejorados que producen más leche. Los costos de estos éxitos del desarrollo, son cargados directamente a los mismos animales mejorados a los que de manera colateral se les afecta su bienestar, su supervivencia, su reproducción y su biodiversidad. Es una consecuencia apenas previsible si se tiene en cuenta que se ha alterado en menos de 60 años algo que a la naturaleza le ha tomado armonizar 60 millones de años. El esquema de selección hasta hoy aplicado al ganado lechero lo ha afectado no solo en su desempeño como unidad zootécnica sino que también y principalmente lo ha hecho en su calidad de ente biológico. Para efectos de solución, la problemática ha sido abordado desde dos orillas opuestas: por quienes buscan solucionar el problema desde sus causas y por quienes buscan obtener dividendos de sus consecuencias.
Situación del bovino criollo lechero tropical (clt) en México, Nicaragua y Costa rica
Authors: Vilaboa Arroniz J. , Quirós Madrigal O. J. , Díaz Rivera P. , Zetina Córdoba P.
Published: March 2019

Los bovinos Criollos Lecheros Tropicales (CLT) se consideran un grupo racial nativo de América, con un buen potencial para la producción lechera a base de pastos. Estas razas presentan un menor volumen de producción, pero con una mayor calidad (sólidos totales) y resistencia al estrés de los climas tropicales, en comparación con otras razas especializadas (Holstein y Jersey) que han ido sustituyendo paulatinamente a estas nativas con fines productivos. El inventario del CLT, Reyna o Lechero Centroamericano, se estima en unos 900-1000 ejemplares, y aunque no existen reportes de su aportación a la producción de leche, se considera que su conservación y desarrollo es de vital importancia como proceso productivo alterno en hatos bovinos del trópico. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar una semblanza de los CLT en tres países latinoamericanos.