bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MICROBIOLOGICAL AND ANTIBIOGRAM STUDY OF BACTERIAL PATHOGENS ASSOCIATED WITH BOVINE MASTITIS IN AND AROUND MEERUT
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, S. V. P. University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut - 250 110, Uttar Pradesh, India, Verma Harshit , Kumar Amit , Kumar Prabhat , Upadhyay Surendra , Bhordia Anamika , Singh Jitender
Published: May 2022

A rise in the incidence of disease in a herd results in multiplied use of antimicrobials, which in turn increases the presence of antibiotic residues in milk and increased bacterial resistance to antimicrobials. Continued use of antibiotics in the remedy and prevention of diseases of dairy cows always needs to be scrutinized. With this background, we carried out the present study to screen the major pathogens of bovine mastitis circulating in and around Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India and their sensitivity to frequently used antibiotics. 30 milk samples suspected for mastitis based on clinical manifestations were collected and processed for bacterial isolation, identification and culture sensitivity test. Among the isolates, 14 (46.67%) were Gram-positive bacteria, 11 (36.67 %) Gram negative and 5 (16.67 %) were mixed infection. The isolated mastitis dweller bacteria were Staphylococcus spp. (46.67 %), E. coli (36.67 %), and mixed infection spp. (16.67 %). The studies of in vitro antibiogram revealed gentamicin to be the most effective drug (93.34 %), followed by enrofloxacin (66.67 %), cefotaxime+clavulanic acid (63.34 %), ampicillin+sulbactam (60.00 %), chloramphenicol (60.00 %), amoxicillin+sulbactam (53.34 %), colistin (46.67 %), ciprofloxacin (40.00 %), oxytetracycline (33.34 %), streptomycin (33.34 %), amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (13.34 %) and ampicillin/cloxacillin (10.00 %) against the bacterial isolates from mastitis milk. These findings suggest bacterial resistance against commonly used advanced drugs and combination of drugs. Thus, it can help to develop guidelines for practitioners in the choice of the most appropriate antibiotic. The outcomes of study contribute to risk assessment of anti-microbial resistance (AMR) and provide a standard baseline for setting up and assessing control measures and structuring strategies to constrain AMR.
Evaluating the browsing levels of Saanen, Honamlı and Turkish Hair goats on saplings in a forest plantation area
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Akbaş Aykut Asim , Elmaz Özkan ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Saatci Mustafa ,   Fethiye Faculty of Agriculture, Mugla Sitki Kocman University
Published: May 2022

The study was conducted to comparatively investigate the browsing levels of Honamlı, Hair and Saanen goats on saplings in a new forest plantation site for six months. Several treatments (fishing net, shading, food colouring and raffia) were applied to saplings. Thirty two-year-old goats, including 10 animals for each breed were used. There was a statistically significant difference among the breeds in terms of their browsing on untreated saplings (p < 0.05). While the effect of measurement month was statistically significant (p < 0.05) for both all treated saplings and untreated saplings, the observation time did not have a statistically significant effect (p < 0.05), except for saplings treated with shading. The maximum browsing was observed in saplings treated with raffia (89.28%), which was followed by those treated with food colouring (75.79%) and fishing nets (75.39%), respectively. Additionally, the damage rate of the saplings with shading (17.85%), in particular, was significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared to the other treated saplings. It was thought that the results of this study would contribute to the issue of goats, saplings and forests from a different viewpoint. Considering that forests and goats are not alternatives to each other, evaluating goats as a part of the ecosystem will be useful in solving this problem.
Case Law Trends: The CJEU’s Approach to the Objectives of Progressive Turnover-Based Taxes: Respect for the Member States’ Fiscal Sovereignty or Authorization for Circumventing EU Law?
Authors: Szudoczky Rita , Karolyi Balazs
Published: May 2022

The article demonstrates that the objective of the tax system plays a crucial role in the non-discrimination assessment in the context of both EU State aid and fundamental freedoms analyses. Despite the fact that the objective of the underlying tax system/tax measure is decisive in respect of the outcome of these non-discrimination tests, there are plenty of uncertainties in the Court of Justice’s case law regarding the scrutiny of the objectives of tax measures. The article sheds light on them, first, by examining the allocation of competences among national authorities – national courts – and the EU adjudicatory bodies with regard to the determination of the objective of the tax system. Then, the required standard of consistency between the declared objective and the design of the tax system is scrutinized in the context of the recent progressive turnover-based tax cases, suggesting a stricter standard of consistency that is based on the principle of proportionality. The article also attempts to disentangle the blurred relationship between the objective of the tax and the intent of the legislator, and argues that the Court’s inquiry should not be directed at the legislature’s intent rather at the objective of the tax, as the former is difficult to identify. Finally, the question of abuse of rights by the Member States is discussed, that is, Member States can circumvent EU law by enacting seemingly neutral taxes the actual objective of which is to discriminate or selectively favour certain groups of taxpayers.

Non-discrimination, state aid, fundamental freedoms, turnover-based taxes, objectives of tax measures, circumvention of law, abuse of rights, de facto selectivity, intention of legislature, progressive taxation.
International Taxation of Offshore Indirect Transfers of Mineral Assets: Legal Analysis Considering the Principle of Fairness and Sustainable Development
Authors: Ntini Kasoko Eric
Published: May 2022

This article evaluates the current international tax regime that is applicable to gains on offshore indirect transfers (OITs) in the mineral industries against the concepts of fairness and sustainable development. It is first argued from a legal perspective that these two concepts encompass the principles of equality and legal certainty.

Article 13(4) of the OECD (Organization for Co-operation and Development) and UN Model Tax Treaties and Article 9 of the Base Erosion and Profit Shift (BEPS) Multilateral Instrument for tax treaties are subsequently analysed to determine to what extent these provisions contribute to supporting tax equality among businesses and between countries as well as promoting legal certainty for both the taxpayers and tax authorities.

It was determined that the structuration of mining operations in the form of joint ventures may pose particular challenges, including difficulties in valuing mineral assets or determining the sources from which interests derive value. In this respect, the inclusion of certain exceptions in Article 13(4) of tax treaties is proposed. One such instance could be the exclusion of the scope of the provision of gains made by alienators that hold a certain level of participation.

The authors conclude that each country should determine whether to tax such capital gains, taking into account its own specificities and examining the tax system in its entirely. However, the current tax regime is a positive step forward towards fairer taxation and contributes to the fulfilment of specific sustainable development goals (SDGs), at least from the perspective of developing countries.

Fairness, legal certainty, tax equality, offshore indirect transfer, sustainable development, tax avoidance, mineral industries, developing countries
The Islamic Finance in Relationship to the Financing and the Taxation of Small and Medium Enterprises in Tunisia
Authors: Mkadmi Jameleddine , Ahmadi Ali
Published: May 2022

The present article aims to improve the understanding on how the Islamic financial contribute to the financing of small and medium enterprises (SME) in Tunisia. It discusses the difficulty of accessing to finance and the principles of the Islamic finance that most it brings to Tunisian SMEs. It adopts an exploratory survey approach in a population Tus, our survey was carried out on the basis of a sample of thirty SMEs operating in the city of Gafsa, and which working in various several sectors, and which are selected at randomly. The findings show that, the tax optimization of Islamic financing in the case of SMEs requires an adapted approach from the Tunisian tax administration. In this case, the amount of taxes payable would be close to that payable on the occasion of a conventional credit arrangement. The findings stipulate that the access to bank financing in Tunisia is difficult or even impossible due to several factors such as the lack of guarantees, numerous requirements, hard bureaucracy, lack of personal relations within the bank. The use of Islamic financing is important since more than half of the entrepreneurs have used Islamic finance products, the most of the entrepreneurs who have used Islamic financing have chosen the Murabaha type of financing with a percent of 80%, and the majority of entrepreneurs are satisfied with the products offered by Islamic institutions (56%).

Islamic financial, SMEs, Murabaha, survey approach, Tunisia
Article: The EU’s Uncoordinated Approach to Tax Avoidance and Tax Abuse in Relation to ‘Uncooperative’ Tax Jurisdictions
Authors: Geringer Stefanie
Published: May 2022

The European Union (EU)’s external tax policies in relation to ‘uncooperative’ tax jurisdictions are predominantly shaped by the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), the Member States’ domestic tax laws and, most recently, the EU list of non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes (EU blacklist). Research in academia scholarship has assessed the EU blacklist from various angles. The objective of this article is to contribute to this discussion by contextualizing the EU blacklist with the relevant CJEU case law on anti-avoidance and antiabuse provisions applied in third country situations. Beyond an assessment from a doctrinal perspective, particular emphasis is placed on related tax policy issues. This combined evaluation yields three primary conclusions: the EU blacklist’s soft law character allows the Member States to continue to take advantage of type-casted and irrebuttable anti-avoidance and anti-abuse provisions in light of the CJEU case law; the EU blacklist’s inability to meet its initial objectives can be explained by political dynamics at the EU level; and the EU blacklist might relieve some of the currently manifesting symptoms without addressing the fundamental flaws in the international tax system.

CJEU case law, developing countries, EU blacklist, EU external tax policies, free movement of capital, harmful tax competition, mutual assistance, tax abuse, tax avoidance
Article: Access to Tax Treaty Dispute Resolution Mechanisms in Cases of Abuse
Authors: Navarro Aitor
Published: May 2022

Reaching a common understanding of the interpretation and enforcement of tax treaties is a desirable policy goal. It results in higher certainty and helps to increase their effectiveness thus enhancing all the purported objectives of these international agreements. In this regard, dispute resolution mechanisms within international tax law fulfil a relevant coordinating function through the amicable assessment of frictions and mismatches in tax treaty provisions. Notwithstanding, access to these remedies is sometimes denied when the tax authorities consider that the case involves tax abuse even though anti-tax abuse measures usually pose some of the most complex interpretation challenges within tax treaties. Even after the post-BEPS wide implementation of broad-based treaty anti-abuse rules – such as the principal purpose test – countries are reluctant to grant unrestricted access to dispute resolution remedies. This contribution aims at depicting the rather asymmetrical state of affairs on the access to dispute resolution remedies in instances of tax abuse. Additionally, it purports to demonstrate that there are compelling policy reasons to support granting access to both mutual agreement and arbitration procedures in these cases and to criticize the incoherencies that originate from the existing restrictions.

Tax treaties, dispute resolution, mutual agreement procedure, arbitration, MLI, Tax abuse, GAAR, PPT
Critical Review Of The ATAD Implementation: The Implementation of the ATAD by Austria
Authors: Geringer Stefanie
Published: May 2022

The Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive (ATAD) and ATAD II had major implications for the Austrian corporate tax regime. Particularly, Austria was obligated to introduce an interest limitation rule, a controlled foreign company (CFC) rule, and comprehensive hybrid mismatches rules. In addition to an overview of the transposition measures, this contribution particularly aims at elucidating remarkable deviations from the ATAD’s standards and discussing selected issues arising in the specific Austrian context.

Tax abuse, tax avoidance, BEPS, ATAD, EU law, adoption of EU secondary law
Country Note: Honduran Zones for Employment and Economic Development (ZEDEs) in Light of BEPS Action 5
Authors: Obando Roberto Ramos
Published: May 2022

Based on Nobel Laureate Paul Romer’s concept of charter cities and following the models of Hong Kong and Singapore, Honduras is the site of an experimental special regime called Zones for Employment and Economic Development (ZEDEs). The ZEDEs are autonomous regions with their own policies, regulations and courts. They are form of private microstate that seeks to create conditions for direct foreign investment and develop rural areas in Honduras. This article seeks to determine if the tax regimes established in the ZEDEs, according to their General Law and examples of specific statutes, are at risk of being categorized as harmful regimes based on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Action 5 on Harmful Tax Practices.

Tax, BEPS Action 5, Honduras, ZEDEs, Harmful Tax Practices, Special Regime
The rise of China in economic cooperation International in the East Asia Region
Authors: Sultansoy Ismail
Published: May 2022

East Asian economic characteristics that involve the role of the state as well as the development of the industry, has been relatively creates confidence in the market so that the flow of capital, goods, and services began to lead to the region since the late 20th century. The excess of the advance of China as the new political economic power is also growing wider market in Southeast Asia. The emergence of China as the dominant country in the world political economy are not purely derived from the ability of domestic governance, but also factor disclosure strategy in East Asian economies led by the extractive industry transformation towards manufacturing industry. This expansion translates into core industry sectors in East Asia.This article is intended as a preliminary study on the degree of China's industrial sector expansion in East Asia, as well as identifying the internal factors in the expansion of China's influence. By using the approach as well as the extended behavioralism regionalism as a tool of analysis , this article finds that China is a state actor who is more emphasis on manufacturing and trade sectors of consumer goods as a strategy into an economic hegemon in its own region , formerly controlled by Japan
Nevhodné správanie sa žiakov ako problém súčasnej školy
Authors:   Katolícka univerzita v Ružomberku, Pedagogická fakulta, Katedra pedagogiky a špeciálnej pedagogiky, Siváková Gabriela
Published: May 2022

The choice of topic is based on the current reality in the educational process and on the life of schools in general, in which inappropriate behavior of students appears more and more often. At the outset, we consider it necessary to state that, unlike some other countries, the situation in this area is not, so to speak, critical. On the other hand, it would be wrong not to pay attention to what is being talked about more and more often and what is appearing in our schools. We mean, e.g. bullying of students, disrespect among students, or disrespect for education, which has various symptoms.
Ảnh hưởng của chế độ xử lý nhiệt đến tính chất của tấm hợp kim la tông silic LK75-0,5
Authors: Ngô Minh Tiến  , Phùng Khắc Nam Hồ  , Nguyễn Thị Phượng  , Phan Thanh Xuân  , Trần Văn Chinh  , Lê Thanh Bắc  , Nguyễn Văn Bằng  , Nguyễn Thị Hoài Phương
Published: May 2022

Trong bài báo này, nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của một số chế độ xử lý nhiệt đến tính chất của tấm hợp kim la tông silic LK75-0,5 nấu luyện từ la tông loại bỏ. Một số chế độ xử lý nhiệt trong quá trình chế tạo tấm hợp kim la tông silic như: ủ đồng đều sau nấu đúc, ủ kết tinh lại sau cán tấm. Hợp kim sau mỗi chế độ xử lý nhiệt được tiến hành đánh giá tổ chức tế vi và các chỉ tiêu cơ tính. Tấm hợp kim la tông LK75-0.5 sau khi chế tạo có các chỉ tiêu tính chất: la tông 1 pha, độ cứng 71 HB, giới hạn bền kéo 34 kG/mm2, độ giãn dài tương đối 52%, tương đương với tấm hợp kim la tông silic LK75-0,5 nhập khẩu của Trung Quốc hoặc Nga.
Nghiên cứu chế tạo và khảo sát một số tính chất cơ - nhiệt của vật liệu compozit trên cơ sở nhựa phenolic/vải thủy tinh
Authors: Đoàn Văn Phúc  , Trần Xuân Tiến  , Nguyễn Tiến Mạnh  , Đỗ Quốc Mạnh
Published: May 2022

Bài báo trình bày một số kết quả nghiên cứu chế tạo và khảo sát độ bền cơ - nhiệt của vật liệu compozit trên cơ sở nhựa phenolfocmandehyt/vải thủy tinh định hướng làm lớp bảo vệ nhiệt (BVN) cho đáy động cơ hành trình tên lửa B72. Vật liệu compozit được chế tạo từ nhựa phenolfocmandehyt họ novolac biến tính và vải thủy tinh chịu nhiệt T-11 (LB Nga) có nhiệt dung riêng Cp = 1,791 J/(g*K), độ bền kéo σk = 109,91 MPa; mô đun đàn hồi E = 11,96 MPa; độ bền uốn σu = 148,49 MPa và mô đun uốn G = 22,68 GPa. Kết quả thử nghiệm khả năng BVN thông qua ngọn lửa đèn ôxy - axêtylen ở 2100 oC cho thấy vật liệu compozit này có thể sử dụng làm lớp BVN cho đáy động cơ hành trình tên lửa B72.
Phân lập chủng vi sinh vật có khả năng phân hủy trinitrotoluene (TNT) từ nguồn đất, nước ô nhiễm
Authors: Nghiêm Ngọc Hoa  , Nguyễn Hà Trung  , Nguyễn Thị Tâm Thư  , Phạm Kiên Cường
Published: May 2022

TNT (2,4,6 trinitrotoluen) là loại thuốc nổ quan trọng có độ bền hóa học cao, tuy nhiên, nó cũng là hóa chất có độc tính cao. TNT có thể được phân hủy bằng các con đường khác nhau, trong đó có con đường phân hủy sinh học. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi tiến hành phân lập các chủng vi sinh vật từ nguồn đất, nước bị ô nhiễm TNT và khảo sát khả năng phân hủy TNT của chúng. Hàm lượng TNT còn lại được đo bằng phương pháp quang phổ và được phân tích bằng phương pháp sắc ký lỏng cao áp (HPLC). Theo kết quả phân tích đã thực hiện, hai chủng TN1 và Z121 có khả năng phân hủy TNT ở nồng độ ban đầu 50 mg/L với hiệu suất lần lượt là 50,24% và 65,28% sau 5 ngày nuôi cấy. Hai chủng này được giải trình tự thông qua phản ứng PCR với cặp mồi rARN 16S. Kết quả giải trình tự và so sánh trình tự trên ngân hàng gen chủng TN1 thuộc chi Pseudomonas, chủng Z121 thuộc chi Klebsiella với mã số đăng ký trên GenBank tương ứng là MZ165355.1 và MZ165349.1.
Nghiên cứu thiết kế siêu vật liệu hấp thụ hai chiều hoạt động ở vùng tần số THz và ứng dụng trong cảm biến
Authors: Trần Văn Huỳnh  , Vu Vũ Đình Lãm , Lê Thị Hồng Hiệp  , Nguyễn Thanh Tùng
Published: May 2022

Các bộ hấp thụ sóng điện từ dựa trên siêu vật liệu (Metamaterials absorber - MMA) thông thường được thiết kế với các bộ cộng hưởng, một mặt phẳng kim loại liên tục và một lớp điện môi kẹp giữa. Sự hấp thụ dựa trên tổn hao ở lớp điện môi gây ra bởi các cộng hưởng từ. Các MMAs như thế chỉ cho phép hấp thụ sóng điện từ theo một chiều truyền đến, chiều còn lại sóng điện từ bị phản xạ hoàn toàn, đồng thời bên ngoài vùng tần số hấp thụ sóng điện từ cũng bị phản xạ gần như hoàn toàn. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đề xuất một cấu trúc MMA không sử dụng mặt phẳng kim loại liên tục, thay vào đó sử dụng các bộ cộng hưởng cặp đĩa kim loại Vàng. MMA được thiết kế cho hiệu suất hấp thụ cao tại tần số cộng hưởng dựa trên sự chồng chập cộng hưởng điện và cộng hưởng từ. Các kết quả mô phỏng cho thấy, MMA có thể đạt hiệu suất hấp thụ lên đến 98% tại tần số 2,15 THz. Do không có mặt phẳng kim loại nên MMA vẫn cho phép sóng điện từ truyền qua bên ngoài vùng tần số hấp thụ, tính chất này giúp MMA có khả năng ứng dụng linh hoạt và hiệu quả hơn trong các thiết bị THz.
Khảo sát, đánh giá ảnh hưởng đường kính vòng cản đến tầm bay của thiết bị bay không điều khiển trong điều kiện tiêu chuẩn
Authors: Lê Hữu Ban  , Nguyễn Nam Quý  , Nguyễn Hải Minh  , Điêu Như Kế  , Nguyễn Quang Lượng
Published: May 2022

Bài báo xây dựng mô hình mô phỏng CFD tính toán các đặc trưng khí động của thiết bị bay không điều khiển, xác định các hàm khí động ứng với các giá trị khác nhau của đường kính vòng cản. Với giá trị hàm khí động nhận được, giải phương trình chuyển động trong mặt phẳng bắn, từ đó cho phép đánh giá ảnh hưởng đường kính vòng cản đến tầm bắn của đạn. Độ chính xác của các kết quả tính toán trên mô hình CFD và giải phương trình chuyển động được đảm bảo bằng cách so sánh với các giá trị trong bảng bắn tiêu chuẩn pháo binh về tầm bắn ứng với các giá trị khác nhau của đường kính vòng cản.
Giải pháp xây dựng phần mềm phát hiện đạo văn tiếng Việt trong các đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học quân sự
Authors: Hà Trung Hải  , Trần Ngọc Anh  , Nguyễn Nhật An  , Lê Mạnh Cường
Published: May 2022

Đạo văn hiện nay là một trong những vấn nạn trong môi trường nghiên cứu khoa học và giáo dục đào tạo. Với sự phát triển nhanh chóng của Internet và các thiết bị Công nghệ thông tin, việc sao chép các nội dung từ các tài liệu khác là vô cùng dễ dàng. Người vi phạm có nhiều phương tiện để tìm kiếm và ăn cắp nội dung hay ý tưởng của người khác bởi vì những nghiên cứu và ý tưởng gần như có sẵn trên không gian mạng được chia sẻ như thư viện số, các tạp chí. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi sẽ trình bày một giải pháp xây dựng phần mềm để phát hiện đạo văn tiếng Việt dựa trên các bài toán xử lý ngôn ngữ tự nhiên tiếng Việt như tách câu, tách từ, gán nhãn từ loại, sinh tập từ khóa phục vụ cho việc phát hiện sự trùng lặp về nội dung, sản phẩm nghiên cứu phục vụ công tác quản lý đề tài khoa học quân sự.
Phát triển hàm mất mát cho mạng TransUnet trong phân vùng ảnh MRI khối u não
Authors: Trần Thị Thảo  , Phạm Văn Trường  , Nguyễn Hữu Thắng
Published: May 2022

Phân vùng ảnh khối u não trong chụp cộng hưởng từ MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) rất hữu ích cho việc chẩn đoán, dự đoán tốc độ phát triển, đo thể tích khối u và lập phác đồ điều trị khối u não. Tuy vậy, việc phân vùng ảnh MRI khối u não thực tế gặp khó khăn do sự đa dạng của các khối u não về kích thước, hình dạng, vị trí và sự không đồng nhất của chúng. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi đề xuất một hướng tiếp cận cho phân vùng ảnh MRI khối u não dùng mạng nơ-ron học sâu, với hàm mất mát dựa trên hàm Tversky. Cụ thể, chúng tôi đề xuất sử dụng mô hình TransUnet, một mô hình được giới thiệu gần đây dựa trên kiến trúc Transformer và U-Net để huấn luyện và kiểm thử dữ liệu. Đồng thời chúng tôi cũng đề xuất một hàm mất mát mới dùng để huấn luyện mạng nơ-ron qua đó có thể giải quyết những khó khăn vừa nêu trong phân vùng ảnh MRI khối u não. Phương pháp đề xuất đã được kiểm chứng trên tập dữ liệu Brain LGG Segmentation, kết quả cho thấy mạng TransUNet với hàm mất mát đề xuất hoạt động tốt, với các chỉ tiêu đánh giá có kết quả cao hơn so với một số phương pháp khác.
Mạch san bằng thích nghi 5Gb/s dựa trên bộ đếm trên công nghệ CMOS 180-nm
Authors: Lê Thị Luận
Published: May 2022

Bài báo này trình bày mạch san bằng thích nghi dựa trên bộ đếm mà không sử dụng các mạch tương tự để giảm thiểu ảnh hưởng của sự thay đổi trong quá trình chế tạo, nhiệt độ và nguồn cấp tới chất lượng san bằng. Kỹ thuật san bằng dựa trên bộ đếm được đề xuất để mạch san bằng đạt được thời gian thích nghi ngắn và tiêu thụ ít công suất. Các sườn của dữ liệu sau lấy mẫu được đếm để bù cho tổn hao của kênh truyền dữ liệu nối tiếp tốc độ cao. Mạch san bằng thích nghi được thiết kế trên công nghệ CMOS 180 nm. Kết quả mô phỏng cho thấy mạch san bằng có khoảng bù 27.8 dB tại tốc độ dữ liệu 5 Gb/s, thời gian san bằng thích nghi là 4.42 µs và tiêu thụ 14.04 mW công suất với điện áp nguồn cung cấp 1.8 V.
RAIN WATER HARVESTING: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Dadsena Nandkishore
Published: May 2022

About 70 percent of the earth is water. Despite this, if the people living in the remaining 30 percent area are facing its shortage, then it is necessary to know the reasons behind it. Merely knowing these reasons by a few sections of the people is not going to change anything because the existence of water element in nature is going to be constant. If there is a shortage of water in 30 percent of the area, it does not mean that it is getting destroyed from there. Rather, it means that somehow it is getting from there in 70 percent part. The scope of human life is in 30 percent of the earth, it is a serious and shameful thing for the human being to let the water go somewhere else, not caring about it and getting into trouble himself. The sources of water are on the surface, the ground and the sky, and any disturbance from anywhere in this range can affect a very large area. But such disturbances can be fettered only when 30 percent of the people have an intuitive understanding of these disturbances. Along with development, increasing demand for water like other resources is a normal process. Due to increase in population, urbanization, change in living habits etc., the pressure on groundwater is increasing, whose effect is clearly visible in many areas in the form of decline in groundwater level and quality. The availability of water in any region of India depends on the geographical conditions and the amount of rainwater there. But, in this period of development, rapid changes are being made in the geographical structures, the resources are increasing rapidly. Consumption/utility and extinction of various water resources have changed the dimensions of water availability. Now the effect of all ecological dimensions on the water is becoming important. On the other hand, the word pollution has become common to all the areas. Along with the development, some of the relevant effects of the industrial revolution at the global level are constantly taking a formidable form in the form of pollution. Due to this the scope of pollution of water of wells, ponds, rivers, even ground water sources are increasing day by day. The considerable concern is being expressed about the pollution of large parts of the water in these circumstances.
Heart Disease Prediction
Authors: Wankhade Sunil.B.
Published: May 2022

Heart disease remains the leading killer in the world. Nearly 80% of deaths occurred in low- and middle-income nations. If current trends continue, approximately 23.6 million people will die from cardiovascular disease (primarily heart attacks and strokes) by 2030. The healthcare industry gathers massive amounts of data on heart disease, which is generally not "mined" for hidden information that will help decision- makers make more informed decisions. Heart disease is caused by a decline in blood and oxygen delivery to the heart. However, reliable analysis methods for discovering hidden linkages and trends in data are lacking. This proposed study aims to present a survey of current knowledge discovery strategies in databases utilizing Decision tree classifiers, which will be valuable for medical practitioners in making good decisions. The goal of this study is to find a way to predict the existence of heart disease with a smaller number of variables. Researchers use a variety of machine learning approaches to assess huge amounts of complex medical data, assisting doctors in the prediction of cardiac disease. There are 303 instances and 76 attributes in the collection. Only 14 of the 76 attributes are considered for testing, which is essential for evaluating the performance of different algorithms. We have used Logistic Regression algorithm to develop a user-friendly way to predict heart disease and deployed it in a web application. KEYWORDS: Machine learning, Decision tree, Heart disease prediction, Flask
WEB APPLICATION FOR THE ONLINE LAUNDRY SERVICE
Authors: Golekar Pravin
Published: May 2022

This preliminary study emphasizes on small tiny Medium Enterprise (MSME) in laundry place that specialize in the customer’s assessment of on-line laundry service. MSME is that the most business that survive within the thick of economic condition in state. There have been several studies in MSME conducted in space of client, service, service quality, or correlation between them. Researches among client assessment on service quality gain quite abundant interest for many years. However, it absolutely was quite few of researches that study within the explicit place like laundry service particularly on-line laundry service. In order that research worker planned this preliminary study. Research worker needs to achieve the deeper data and understanding of customer’s mind regarding the customer’s assessment of on-line laundry service, by exploitation one-on-one interview because the qualitative methodology analysis approach. The preliminary study result shows that the shoppers United Nations agency is exploitation the web laundry service show the terrible feedback towards it, as long because the on-line laundry service supplier maintain their quality, and client are loyal to them and trust them and willing to unfold the great news regarding the web laundry service they're exploitation to their society. Key words: e-commerce, customers’ assessment, service quality, laundry service
Kesiapan Keterampilan Komunikasi Bahasa Inggris Lulusan Lembaga Pelatihan Kerja Pariwisata dalam Bekerja di Bidang Pariwisata
Authors: Paragae I Gusti Ayu Putu Novita Sari
Published: May 2022

This study is aimed at investigating the readiness of the graduates of Job Training Institute to work in hospitality industry in terms of the English communication ability, which includes the ability to listen, speak, read and write. As samples, 100 graduates from 5 Job Training Institute in Buleleng, Bali were asked to respond to a questionnaire. The questionnaire was analyzed statistically to find out the mean, and deviation standard. The result was then categorized and it was found that the readiness of the graduates can be categorized in the adequate level. Thus, it is suggested that the graduates need to develop and increase their ability in communicating in English, especially in speaking and writing, as productive skills to make themselves ready to work in hospitality industry.
INFLUENCER STRATEGI MARKETING EFEKTIF UNTUK MEMPROMOSIKAN PARIWISATA KABUPATEN BULELENG
Authors: Arini Ida Ayu Devi
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research is to provide an alternative pattern of promotion by using influencers to help promote tourism in Buleleng district, especially by attracting the millennial generation. The existence of influencers is very influential in determining travel decisions, because influencers are public figures who have many followers. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The primary data in this study was sourced from observations on social media influencers and from interviews, while the secondary data came from scientific journals and books that assisted in this research. The collected data is then selected to assist the analysis and the last step is drawing conclusions. The results of this study become a recommendation for the local government of Buleleng Regency to try to use tourism promotion with influencer services.Keywords: Influencer, Marketing, Tourism
Pengembangan Pariwisata Spiritual Berbasis Teologi Hindu Bagi Umat Hindu Di Kawasan Pulaki Kabupaten Buleleng
Authors: Wira Ida Ayu Dwidyaniti
Published: May 2022

Gerogak District, Buleleng Regency with several temples scattered along the coastline, making it a good place or destination for spiritual tourism. Spiritual tourism is the oldest type of tourism. Spiritual tourism began to be developed by the Buleleng Regency government. Gerogak District has also begun to develop spiritual tourism. The purpose of this study was to explore the readiness of Gerogak District, especially comrades Pulaki, as a spiritual tourism destination. Data were collected from Hindu tour guides. This research shows that Pulaki Temple, and several surrounding temples with spiritual activities can be developed as spiritual tourism destinations. Based on the existence of these temples, tour guides are asked to identify the readiness of these temples as spiritual tourism destinations. The results show that the Pulaki area in Gerogak District is ready to become a spiritual tourism destination because of the existence of temples around it. The temples are equipped with a community hall as a place to meet or discuss spiritual matters. The community hall is also a place to meditate, rest or spend the night.
Qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores na área de vivência: uma abordagem em um canteiro de obra no Brasil
Authors: Silva Edivan
Published: May 2022

A pesquisa teve como inquietação do pesquisador em saber: “Como se caracterizam as práticas e programas de segurança dos operários em um canteiro de obra?”. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório e de natureza quanti-qualitativa que teve como fonte de investigação um estudo de caso na empresa Toctao Engenharia, na cidade de Goiânia-GO, Brasil, utilizando como instrumentos entrevistas com gerentes e questionários aos operários baseados no modelo de Walton (1971) e normatizações técnicas de segurança para compreender a percepção do autor em relação à satisfação e verificar os programas de segurança desenvolvidos na construtora. O universo da pesquisa é composto de 242 funcionários, os quais fazem parte da área operacional e gerencial. Foram distribuídos 48 questionários para área de produção e 4 (quatro) da área de gestão administrativa. Os resultados quanto ao perfil dos operários demonstraram que em sua maioria são homens, com baixo nível escolar, residem em Goiânia e estão nessa empresa há mais de três anos. Todos confirmaram que a empresa investe em equipamentos de proteção, sinalização e fiscalização do uso destes. Após os resultados e análises conclusivas, notou-se que a empresa, que já efetua uma excelente política de QVT e segurança no trabalho, carece de melhorias no processo de treinamento aos colaboradores. A empresa obterá bons resultados nesse investimento, para que cada vez mais seus colaboradores se sintam seguros na utilização dos Equipamentos de Proteção Individuais (EPIs).
Antibiotic resistant urinary tract infections in an urology ward
Authors:   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Rădulescu A. , Mădan Victor ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Bucharest, Aungurenci A. ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Bratu Ovidiu ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Bucharest, Farcaș Catalin ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Bucharest, Dinu Marius ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Mischianu Dan ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Bucharest
Published: May 2022

Introduction: UTI (urinary tract infections) represent a central pathology for a urological service. Antibiotic resistance is growing at a steady and alarming rate worldwide and especially in Romania. Method and materials: We have analyzed all the patients that were admitted to our clinic for continuous hospitalization between January 2015 and October 2015. All patients undergone urine culture and all cultures positive had an antibiogram worked up. We have selected all patients that had antibiotic resistance to at least an antibiotic. Results: From 1745 patients admitted for continuous hospitalization, we had 180 positive urine cultures at admission from which 125 had at least an antibiotic resistance. Conclusions: Antibiotic resistance is a serious phenomenon, with potential lethal complications, which we encounter daily in urological practice.
A new global threat for the public safety: Zika virus
Authors:   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Bicheru Simona , Sefan Ion ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Necsulescu Marius ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Popescu Diana ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Ionescu Lucia ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Dumitrescu Gabriela ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Ordeanu Viorel ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest
Published: May 2022

Zika virus, the etiological agent of Zika fever, is transmitted by mosquitoes and has been affecting the South American continent starting with 2015. It was reported in several European countries, carried by the people who returned from Latin America, as reported by the health authorities in those countries. Today, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), the virus suspected to cause serious birth defects in the fetus has also been confirmed in 21 of the 55 countries of South America, but also in other states from Europe and North America. Zika virus is a single stranded positive sense RNA virus belonging to Flavivirus genus (family Flaviviridae) and was first identified in 1947 in Uganda rainforest Zika. The increased number of cases of microcephaly, in children from northern Brazil, suggested a connection with Zika virus, but it has not yet been proven. Also, the virus can be transmitted sexually and through blood or blood products. Diagnosis of the infection is made using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). So far, there is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine against the infection with Zika virus. The best form of prevention is to avoid mosquito bites. WHO has estimated that the spread of Zika virus, transmitted through mosquito bite, is “a global public health emergency”. The priority is to protect pregnant women and to control the mosquitoes.
Expandable stents in digestive pathology – present use in an emergency hospital
Authors:   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Vasile Madalina , Sandru Vasile ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Nedelcu Cristian ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Popa Bogdan ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Constantinescu Gabriel ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Self expandable metal stents (SEMS) are developed lately, as an effective and safe, less invasive alternative of surgery for the treatment of malignant intestinal/biliary obstruction. Recently, SEMS are also introduced in benign pathology. Aim: The aim of this presentation is to report a retrospective analysis of the total number of SEMS placed for esophageal, enteral, colorectal and biliary obstruction during the last 3 years in Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, as well to review the literature published on this issue. Methods: Between 2013-2015 in Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, we have placed: 232 esophageal stents, 23 enteral stents, 5 colonic stents and 75 biliary stents under radiologic guidance. The main parameters followed were represented by: sex, age, grades of obstruction, stent diameter and type, immediate and late complications and survival rate. Results: Regarding the esophageal stenting, most of the indications were malignant obstruction (155 cases of esophageal cancer and 30 cases of extrinsic compression), but also for esophageal fistula, peptic stenosis and even traumatic esophageal rupture. The majority of the enteral and colonic stents were inserted for malignant obstructions, having only 2 cases with benign obstructions. This is also the case for biliary stenting, were most of the indications were represented by pancreatic cancer. Technical and clinical success rates were approximately 92% and 80%, respectively. There were no major complications of perforation, bleeding, or death. Conclusions: SEMS insertion can be performed safely, with minimal complications and hospitalization allowing the restart of oral feeding and improvement of nutritional status for the digestive obstruction or jaundice disappearance in case of biliary obstruction. It represents the first option for unresectable digestive/biliary malignant obstruction.
More than simple hepatic cysts
Authors:   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Tabacelia Daniela , Ilie Madalina ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Constantin Alina ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Macovei Oprescu Anca ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Constantinescu Gabriel ,   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest
Published: May 2022

Caroli diseaseis a rare congenital disorder that classically causes saccular dilatation of the bile ducts. The complications of Caroli include choledochal cysts with recurrent cholangitis, abscess formation, septicaemia, intrahepatic lithiasis and amyloidosis.We report a rare case of a young female with Caroli disease pointing out the intrahepatic lithiasis as a rare complication of the disease. Learning points • Caroli disease is an uncommon condition that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hepatic essential cysts. • Clinically, it is characterized of recurrent episodes of fever and pain. The correct and early diagnostic is important because of the different complications and treatment unlike the essential hepatic cysts.
Nutritional approach in late gastric stenosis after gastric sleeve
Authors:   Carol Davila Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Mazilu Adina
Published: May 2022

Laparoscopic gastric sleeve(LGS) is a very frequent used procedure nowadays in Romania, with more than 100,000 reported patients operated until now, the most part of patients being operated in private settings. It is a simple and efficient procedure, less expensive than gastric by-pass, with fewer complications, but can reduce obesity complications almost as well as gastric by-pass.
Applied Mathematics Model: The Effect of National Defense on Economic Growth seen from the Supply Side
Authors: Kennedy Posma Sariguna Johnson
Published: May 2022

The study aims to develop a mathematical model that can explain the effect of national defense on economic growth from various works of literature and developments. The overall impact of military spending on growth can be analyzed by dividing the economy into sectors. We wish to demonstrate the formation of a general mathematical model. The model building is based on the neoclassical production function approach developed by Feder and Deninson. The source of Deninson's growth model uses a supply-side description of changes in aggregate output. It describes aggregate growth in terms of changes in capital and labor. The resulting aggregate growth equation shows the combination of externality and productivity effects.
Het Sumal-arrest
Authors: Korneeva O.V. , VerLoren van Themaat W.
Published: May 2022

Het Sumal-arrest. Doorbraak in aansprakelijkheid van de onderneming voor mededingingsinbreuken

In dit artikel analyseren de auteurs het Sumal-arrest waarin het Hof van Justitie de vraag heeft beantwoord of een dochteronderneming aansprakelijk kan worden gesteld door de benadeelde partijen voor een door haar moedermaatschappij gepleegde mededingingsinbreuk (‘neerwaartse aansprakelijkheid’) en zo ja, onder welke voorwaarden. Dit arrest is geanalyseerd vanuit de doctrine van persoonlijke aansprakelijkheid en de doctrine van economische eenheid. Tot slot wordt ingegaan op de mogelijke gevolgen van dit arrest voor de privaat- en publiekrechtelijke handhaving van mededingingsrecht.

HvJ 6 oktober 2021, C-882/19, ECLI:EU:C:2021:800 (Sumal, S.L./Mercedes Benz Trucks España, S.L.).
Teachers' Scaffolding Strategies in Internet-based ELT Classes
Authors:   HQT Education Ltd., Nguyen Quang
Published: May 2022

Social distancing due to COVID-19 has necessitated the immediate implementation of Internet-based English language teaching (ELT) in developing countries. This abrupt transition from face-to-face to online learning and teaching environment has brought up many concerns, particularly about maintaining ELT education in crises, one of which is how teachers scaffold students in Internet-based classrooms. Although there is an extensive body of research devoted to scaffolding students’ learning in face-to-face ELT classes, effective teachers’ scaffolding strategies in online classes are still worth receiving further scholarly attention. Therefore, this article reviews contemporary research on scaffolding strategies for teachers to apply in their Internet-based ELT classes. After discussing the inherent difference between scaffolding and support, and the relationship of scaffolding, support, and linguistic competence, the author synthesizes and systemizes scaffolding functions, intentions, and strategies applicable to the Internet-based English class. The author also suggests practical recommendations that teachers can utilize to scaffold students in differential teaching and learning contexts on the Internet. Finally, this article addresses some common challenges and suggests solutions for teachers to conduct scaffolding strategies effectively in Internet-based ELT classrooms.
Desenvolvimento e Otimização da Formulação de Nanopartículas de Polimetil Metacrilato Para Entrega Veterinária de Progesterona e Ivermectina
Authors: Valarini Junior Osvaldo , Cardozo Carvalho de Araújo Paulo , Gomes Simões André Luis , Bücker Neto Lauro , Coqueiro Aline , Vitória Leimann Fernanda , Hess Gonçalves Odinei , Machado Giufrida Willyan , Guimarães Silva Fabiano
Published: May 2022

O objetivo principal deste estudo foi produzir e otimizar nanopartículas de polimetil metacrilato (PMMA) via processo emulsão simples seguida de evaporação. Os compostos utilizados foram clorofórmio, lecitina, progesterona, ivermectina e PMMA na fase orgânica e água e poliacetato de vinila (PVA) na fase aquosa. As NPs/P4 tiveram um diâmetro de 154,3 ± 0,1 nm e as NPs/IM 184,1 ± 0,1. A otimização desse diâmetro ocorreu por uma superfície de resposta de Box-Behnken. As partículas formadas foram caracterizadas pelas técnicas de MET, MEV, TGA/DTA e FT-Raman para a determinação da morfologia, resistência térmica e elucidar sua estrutura conformacional.