bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estrategias de marketing ecológico para el desarrollo del turismo sostenible en el Refugio de Vida Silvestre Pantanos de Villa (RVSPV)
Authors:   , Soncco Rodriguez Yharlina Olinda
Published: January 2025

Esta investigación titulada: “Estrategias de marketing ecológico para el desarrollo del turismo sostenible en el Refugio de Vida Silvestre Pantanos de Villa (RVSPV)”, tuvo como objetivo principal determinar la influencia de las estrategias de marketing ecológico en el desarrollo del turismo sostenible en el RVSPV, desde la perspectiva de los observadores de aves. Para ello, se adoptó un enfoque cualitativo, ya que se buscó analizar y contextualizar el problema. En cuanto al tipo de investigación, fue de naturaleza básica y no experimental, dado que se analizaron las variables sin manipular la realidad. El diseño utilizado fue el fenomenológico. Las técnicas empleadas fueron la entrevista cualitativa y el análisis documental. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la guía de entrevista semiestructurada y la ficha de análisis documental. La población de esta investigación fueron observadores de aves que han visitado los Pantanos de Villa, aunque no se cuenta con un total de esta población porque PROHVILLA no lleva un registro especifico de este grupo. La muestra fue de tipo no probabilístico intencional u opinático y su tamaño se determinó alcanzando la saturación. En resumen, se concluyó que, desde la perspectiva de los observadores de aves, las estrategias de marketing ecológico no influyen de manera significativa en el desarrollo de un turismo sostenible; ya que, consideran que los productos y servicios ofrecidos en el lugar no están alineados con las preferencias y necesidades de dicho segmento. Esto queda confirmado con los resultados del análisis documental, puesto que en el plan de marketing de PROHVILLA 2023 no se menciona el segmento de observadores de aves.
Asociación entre las actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria según el estatus de demencia: Análisis secundario del estudio "Understanding how grades of frailty affect the evolution of COVID-19"
Authors:   , Choy Chura Pou Kiu Alexa , Marin Paredes Jorge Luis , Gutierrez Campos Yzavo Scarlleth
Published: January 2025

Introducción: La demencia se asocia con el deterioro funcional en adultos mayores. Durante la pandemia por COVID-19, tanto la demencia como el deterioro funcional han experimentado un aumento en sus frecuencias debido a la infección por el virus, el aislamiento social y el acceso limitado a los servicios de salud. El gobierno peruano enfrentó la pandemia sin información actualizada sobre las personas vulnerables y el sector informal. Sin embargo, se tomaron medidas notables para proteger a la población en riesgo, como los adultos mayores, evidenciando el impacto profundo de la pandemia en sus vidas y generando cambios significativos en su estilo de vida. Sin embargo, existen pocos estudios que aborden esta problemática durante la pandemia a nivel regional. Objetivos: Determinar la asociación entre las actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria según el estatus de demencia y problemas de memoria. Métodos: Estudio analítico, observacional y retrospectivo. La población del presente estudio proviene del análisis secundario de la base de datos del estudio "Comprender cómo los grados de fragilidad afectan la evolución de la COVID-19". Resultados: Se observó que el promedio de edad en adultos mayores fue de 96,5 años con una (DE=9.37; n=444) y el 51,1% de la población fue de sexo masculino (n=227). La frecuencia del antecedente demencia fue de 29,1% (n=129) y 64,4% tuvieron antecedente de problemas de memoria (n=286) y la mayoría de ellos provinieron de servicios hospitalarios de emergencias en un 40.0% (n=178) y de hospitalización con un 31,3% (n=139). En el análisis bivariado entre las actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria y demás covariables, encontramos que el promedio del puntaje de las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria y el promedio del puntaje de actividades básicas de la vida diaria son significativamente...
Asociación entre infecciones bacterianas intrahospitalarias y mortalidad en los pacientes con COVID-19 severo hospitalizados en la UCI del Hospital Militar Central en el año 2020
Authors:   , Velasquez Martinelli Alejandro Gonzalo
Published: January 2025

Este estudio plantea determinar la asociación entre las infecciones bacterianas intrahospitalarias y mortalidad en los pacientes con COVID-19 severo hospitalizados en la U.C.I. del Hospital Militar Central durante el año 2020. También se identificaron las bacterias causantes de las infecciones. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de corte trasversal analítico a una población de 118 pacientes hospitalizados en la UCI del Hospital Militar Central durante el año 2020, cuya muestra disponible constó de 68 pacientes. Se utilizó el software Microsoft Excel 365 y SPSS v29.0 para la presentación y posterior análisis de variables. Se realizó un análisis mediante razón de prevalencias (RP) y regresión de Poisson. Resultados: La edad promedio de los pacientes estudiados fue 59 años, y el 85% del total de sexo masculino. La mortalidad fue del 85%; y el 25% de ellos presentaron infecciones bacterianas intrahospitalarias, siendo la neumonía intrahospitalaria la más frecuente (15%) e identificándose Acinetobacter baumannii con mayor frecuencia (8%). Las comorbilidades identificadas fueron Obesidad (22%), Hipertensión (19%), Diabetes Mellitus (18%), Insuficiencia Renal Crónica (7%) y Asma Bronquial (4%). La razón de prevalencias (RP) de la mortalidad ajustada para las infecciones bacterianas intrahospitalarias fue de 1,44. Se identificaron variables modificadoras de efecto descritas posteriormente. Conclusiones: Se identificaron las características demográficas y comorbilidades de los individuos hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Militar Central, y evidenció la asociación entre las infecciones bacterianas intrahospitalarias con la mortalidad en dichos pacientes.
From Downloads to Dollars: The Dominance of Active Users Over Downloads
Authors: Mukhi Sushree Sangeeta , Tiwari Bhupendra Bahadur , Kuriakose Annu
Published: January 2025

The research paper revolves around the business of health apps across the world and possible impact of the number of users and downloads on the revenue generation of health apps. With the help of trend analysis and linear regression methods, significant impact was studied on the variables like users, downloads and revenue of health apps for past 8 years (N=8) (2016 to 2023). The downloads (independent variable) didn’t show any significant impact on revenue (dependent variable) where p>0.05 whereas the users (independent variable) showed a significant impact on revenue (dependent variable) where the p<0.05. The users of these health apps play a significant role on the business of these health apps by directing impacting the revenue generation, whereas the downloads of these health apps don’t show any impact on the revenue generation of these health apps. The rise in the number of users boosted drastically during the pandemic year 2019 and 2020 and same impact can be seen on the revenue also.
Soil-moisture-atmosphere coupling hotspots and their representation in seasonal forecasts of boreal summer
Authors: Day Jonathan , Vitart Frederic , Stockdale Tim , de Rosnay Patricia , Ardilouze Constantin , Peano Daniele , Sanna Antonella , Fröhlich Kristina , Andrews Martin
Published: January 2025

This paper examines soil-moisture-atmosphere coupling "hotspots" in the Northern Hemisphere during the summer months and evaluates their representation in seasonal forecasts. Using hindcasts from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) multi-model seasonal forecast system the study explores the predictability of land-atmosphere interactions based on soil moisture anomalies. The results show that regions with strong soil-moisture-atmosphere coupling exhibit considerable potential for predicting seasonal temperature and precipitation patterns a season or more in advance. However, significant uncertainty exists in estimates of the soil-moisture initial conditions and soil-moisture persistence timescales. While some regions show realistic coupling, others, including the Central USA and Eastern Europe, display exaggerated coupling, leading to errors in temperature and precipitation forecasts. This study underscores the potential for predicting the atmosphere in summer based on memory of soil-moisture initial conditions whilst highlighting areas for further forecast system improvement.
Axl inhibition on dendritic cells enhances STING anticancer therapy through type I interferon signaling
Authors: Aguilera Todd , Gonzalez Isaac , Elghonaimy Eslam , Zhang Qiongwen , Montgomery Isaac , Leung Peter , Rodriguez Arely , Diegeler Sebastian , Swancutt Katy , Brekken Rolf
Published: January 2025

The Axl receptor tyrosine kinase is pivotal for metastatic tumor progression, tumor immune evasion, and regulating inflammation of innate immune cells. In this study we investigated Axl’s immune function in immunogenic tumors and found that Axl knockout (KO) mice exhibited a significant delay in tumor growth. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that Axl deficiency increases CD8 T cell activity. Tumor growth delay was dependent on CD8 T cells and BATF3 expression, indicating a role for Axl in regulating dendritic cell (DC) cross priming activities. Cre-driven conditional KO models further demonstrated that loss of Axl on DCs—but not on macrophages—was sufficient to slow tumor growth, a process reliant on type I interferon (IFN) signaling. Given Axl’s role in modulating IFN-I signaling, we discovered that its absence enhanced the effectiveness of STING agonists and improved the cross-priming capacity of both cDC1 and cDC2 subsets.
Investigation of the Utility of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition Criteria as Prognostic Factors in Patients Undergoing Adjuvant S-1 Chemotherapy for Biliary Tract Cancer
Authors: Konaka Ryunosuke , Yanagimoto Hiroaki , Tsugawa Daisuke , Akita Masayuki , Mizumoto Takuya , Yoshida Toshihiko , Sou Shinichi , Ishida Jun , Nanno Yoshihide , Urade Takeshi , Fukushima Kenji , Gon Hidetoshi , Komatsu Shohei , Kido Masahiro , Toyama Hirochika , Fukumoto Takumi
Published: January 2025

Background
Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) have poor prognoses, with limited curative options beyond surgical resection. Adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy has shown survival benefits in Japanese patients with resected BTCs. However, prognostic factors influencing survival in these patients remain uncertain. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of preoperative nutritional status using Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria as a prognostic factor in patients receiving adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy for BTCs.
Methods
In this retrospective study, we evaluated 58 patients who underwent curative surgery for BTCs, excluding intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, at Kobe University from 2013 to 2022, followed by adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy. Nutritional status was classified by GLIM criteria into normal/moderate and severe malnutrition groups. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards models.
Results
Of the 58 patients, 3.4% had no malnutrition, 72.5% had moderate malnutrition, and 24.1% had severe malnutrition. Patients with severe malnutrition had significantly worse OS (24.7% vs 52.5%, p = 0.0014) and RFS (34.3% vs 52.0%, p = 0.0066). Severe malnutrition was an independent prognostic factor for both OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.46–7.94, p = 0.0047) and RFS (HR: 2.48; 95% CI: 1.07–5.76, p = 0.035). No significant difference in S-1 completion rates was observed.
Conclusions
Severe malnutrition, as defined by GLIM criteria, is a poor prognostic factor in patients with BTCs undergoing adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy.
The Histone Demethylase LSD1/ZNF217/CoREST Complex is a Major Restriction Factor of Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Reactivation
Authors: Gewurz Ben , Liao Yifei , Yan Jinjie , Kong Isabella , Li Zhixuan , Ding Weiyue , Clark Sarah , Guilino-Roth Lisa
Published: January 2025

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) contributes to ~1.5% of human cancers, including lymphomas, gastric and nasopharyngeal carcinomas. In most of these, nearly 80 viral lytic genes are silenced by incompletely understood epigenetic mechanisms, precluding use of antiviral agents such as ganciclovir to treat the 200,000 EBV-associated cancers/year. To identify host factors critical for EBV latency, we performed a human genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen in Burkitt B-cells. Top hits included the lysine-specific histone demethylase LSD1 and its co-repressors ZNF217 and CoREST. LSD1 removes histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) and histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methylation marks to downmodulate chromatin activation. LSD1, ZNF217 or CoREST knockout triggered EBV reactivation, as did a LSD1 small molecule antagonist, whose effects were additive with histone deacetylase inhibition. LSD1 blockade reactivated EBV in Burkitt lymphoma, gastric carcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma models, sensitized cells to ganciclovir cytotoxicity and induced EBV reactivation in murine xenografts. ZNF217 and LSD1 co-occupied the EBV immediate early gene BZLF1 promoter, which drives B-cell lytic cycle, as well as to the oriLyt enhancer regions recently implicated in EBV reactivation. LSD1 depletion increased levels of activating histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation but not repressive histone lysine 9 methylation marks at BZLF1 and oriLyt and induced their interaction by long-range DNA looping. An orthogonal CRISPR screen highlighted a key H3K4 methyltransferase KMT2D role in driving EBV reactivation. Our results highlight H3K4 methylation as a major EBV lytic switch regulator and suggest novel therapeutic approaches.
Elevated polyglutamylation and tau phosphorylation levels in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma are related to cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric changes at disease onset
Authors: Takeshima Yuki , Shinojima Naoki , Fujimoto Kenji , Yoshii Daiki , Hayakata Yasushi , Oya Masafumi , Tasaki Masayoshi , Mikami Yoshiki , Uetani Hiroyuki , Hirai Toshinori , Mukasa Akitake
Published: January 2025

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) often presents with nonspecific cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric changes at onset, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Polyglutamylation, a posttranslational modification, is associated with better responses to methotrexate-based chemotherapy in patients with PCNSL. On the other hand, hyperglutamylation of microtubules in neurons has been implicated in neurodegeneration via the accumulation of phosphorylated tau. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship of polyglutamylation with cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric changes at PCNSL onset. We retrospectively analyzed 145 patients with PCNSL treated at our institution between 2001 and 2022. Polyglutamylation and phosphorylated tau were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. In vitro studies were performed to evaluate the causal relationship between polyglutamylation and tau phosphorylation in PCNSL cell lines. Cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric changes at disease onset were observed in 48.3% of patients, with multivariate analysis identifying high polyglutamylation levels as an independent risk factor (odds ratio: 7.34, p < 0.001). Patient samples and cell lines consistently demonstrated a link between polyglutamylation and tau phosphorylation, implicating that polyglutamylation-induced tau phosphorylation may contribute to cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric changes. Our findings suggest that polyglutamylation contributes to neurocognitive dysfunction in PCNSL, and these results elucidate a novel aspect of PCNSL pathophysiology.
Explaining Twitter’s inability to reduce vaccine misinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Broniatowski David A. , Zhong Wei , Simons Joseph R. , Dredze Mark , Abroms Lorien C.
Published: January 2025

Users dissatisfied with exposure to objectionable online content have begun to migrate en masse to new social media platforms. These new platforms share architectural features with legacy platforms, but offer content moderation services that legacy platforms no longer employ at scale. Such migrations assume that moderation interventions, such as deplatforming and content removal, are efficacious; however, this claim has not been evaluated based on evidence. We therefore evaluated the efficacy of Twitter’s attempts to curtail vaccine misinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that vaccine skeptical accounts generated a larger share of tweets about vaccines, increased in virality, and became more misinformative after Twitter began removing content and accounts. We also found evidence that Twitter’s mass deplatforming of 70,000 accounts on January 8, 2021 preceded an increase in misinformation, calling into question the efficacy of these removals. Novel platforms that share Twitter’s architecture may therefore face similar moderation challenges.
Research on the Expression and Mechanism of LRRC8D in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mo Guanyong , Yan Jingwei , Zhou Huafu , Luo Yichen , Song Wentao , Lou Chenxi , Tan Linyuan , Zheng Jinmin , Li Baijun , Chen Shangwei
Published: January 2025

Purpose
The leucine-rich repeat-containing 8 (LRRC8) protein family, particularly leucine-rich repeat containing 8 family, member D (LRRC8D), has been implicated in various cancers. However, its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate LRRC8D as a potential diagnostic biomarker for ESCC and to elucidate its regulatory mechanisms.
Materials and methods
The expression of LRRC8D in ESCC was analyzed using publicly available datasets, in-house RNA sequencing data, and immunohistochemistry. Associations between LRRC8D expression and clinical features were assessed using RStudio 4.3.2. Immune cell infiltration and its relationship with LRRC8D were investigated using the CIBERSORT R package. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis evaluated the prognostic relevance of LRRC8D. Functional enrichment analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks construction, were performed to identify core genes and pathways associated with LRRC8D.
Results
LRRC8D expression at both the mRNA and protein levels was significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues compared to non-cancerous tissues. While LRRC8D expression did not correlate with clinical characteristics such as age, gender, or tumor stage, it was significantly associated with immune cell composition in the tumor microenvironment. Survival analysis revealed no significant relationship between LRRC8D expression and patient outcomes, although higher expression levels showed a trend toward improved survival. Functional network analyses identified core genes associated with LRRC8D that play key roles in cell cycle regulation and mitosis. Enrichment analyses further highlighted LRRC8D's involvement in the cell cycle and related signaling pathways.
Conclusion
LRRC8D is a promising diagnostic biomarker for distinguishing ESCC tissues from non-cancerous tissues but lacks significant prognostic value. Its expression is closely associated with immune cell dynamics in ESCC and may influence tumor phenotypes through cell cycle regulation.
Do patients with a unilateral peripheral vestibular disorder need psychological support?
Authors: Lijić Laura , Mendeš Tihana , Včeva Andrijana , Zubčić Željko , Mihalj Hrvoje , Rezo Matej , Kralik Kristina , Vidić Hrvoje , Kopf Tamara , Gudelj Antoneta , Russo Andrea , Šoda Joško , Kljajic Zlatko
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, vestibular diseases are quite common in the population and significantly impair quality of life. Additionally, a notable problem is that a certain number of patients experience psychological consequences. Therefore, it is important to investigate the connection between vestibular damage and the potential need for psychological intervention. This study aims to examine the correlation between anxiety in individuals with unilateral peripheral vestibular disorder in relation to gender, age, and the existence of acute and chronic, compensated and uncompensated, partial and complete unilateral peripheral vestibular disorder. Additionally, it was important to determine the degree of free-floating anxiety, phobia-related anxiety, obsessiveness, somatic manifestations, depression, and hysteria in these patients using the Crown-Crisp Experience Index questionnaire. The study included 54 patients, 39 (72%) female and 15 (28%) male, with an average age of 61.5 ± 13.5 years. Results showed that the majority of participants had pronounced somatic anxiety (29.6%), followed by depression (14.8%), free-floating anxiety (9.4%), phobia-related anxiety (7.4%) and hysteria (7.4%) equally represented, and obsessiveness (1.8%) being the least pronounced. Nearly all participants (94%) were diagnosed with chronic hypofunction due to presenting for examination and diagnostic processing after the acute phase of the disease had ended. To conclude, no significant differences were observed in the common symptoms or personality traits within conventional categories of psychoneurotic and personality disorders concerning gender or the presence of vestibular hypofunction.
Optimized Surgical Strategies for Acute Thrombophlebitis of Varicose Veins in the Lower Extremities
Authors: Olaiya Victor Olamiposi , Agyekum Vincentia Kuukua , Ejeheri Fidelis , Matola Johnson
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two-stage and single-stage surgical strategies in the management of acute thrombophlebitis of varicose veins in the lower extremities, focusing on postoperative complications, recovery time, and overall patient outcomes.
Materials & Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 102 patients diagnosed with acute thrombophlebitis of varicose veins between 2020 and 2024 at the Izhevsk Republic Clinical Hospital. Patients were classified according to F. Verrel’s classification (1998) into four groups based on the extent of thrombosis. Conservative therapy, single-stage radical phlebectomy, and two-stage surgical treatment (crossectomy followed by radical phlebectomy) were used based on the type of thrombosis and patient condition.
Results: Of the patients, 17 received conservative therapy, 48 underwent two-stage surgery, and 37 underwent single-stage surgery. The two-stage approach significantly reduced complications such as wound infections (6.3% vs. 13.9%) and nerve damage (5.1% vs. 16.2%) compared to the single-stage approach. Additionally, patients undergoing the two-stage procedure showed improved quality of life and faster recovery times.
Conclusion: The two-stage surgical strategy offers superior clinical outcomes over single-stage interventions, significantly reducing postoperative complications and enhancing recovery. It is recommended as the optimal treatment approach for acute thrombophlebitis of varicose veins, particularly in more severe cases.
Secondary Species Investigation of Low Energy Electrospray Plume Impacts
Authors: Geiger Carl , Hofheins Giuliana , Petro Elaine
Published: January 2025

This work examines the emission of secondary charged species from a gold-plated target electrode when exposed to an ion-mode electrospray plume of EMI-BF4 from a single externally wetted tungsten emitter. A decelerating electrode is used with the electrospray source to probe ion energies from 30-1800 eV in the positive and negative mode. Next, the ion plume was fully suppressed using the decelerating electrode, allowing only neutral constituents of the plume to travel to the target and the emission of secondary charged species is observed. Time of flight mass spectrometry is used to confirm ion mode emission and proper deceleration of electrospray plume and was also used to detect the creation of secondary charged species created by decelerating the plume.
Multidentate ether-induced reconfiguration of solvation structure in non-flammable phosphate electrolytes for wide-temperature application in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Xie Jia , Yang Xiankun , Zeng Ziqi , Liu Mengchuang , Wang Shuping , Li Changhao , Qin Mingsheng
Published: January 2025

Conventional carbonate electrolytes fail to meet the requirements for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with wide temperature range and high safety. Diethyl ethylphosphonate (DEEP) has excellent flame retardancy and a wide temperature range (-83 to 198°C), which holds promise for developing a non-flammable electrolyte for wide-temperature application in LIBs. However, its limited compatibility with graphite electrodes and slow ionic transport capability must be addressed for effective application. Herein, we introduce diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DEGDME) to reconfigure the solvation structure of DEEP-based electrolyte and further enhance its ion transport capacity. The film-forming additives enable the electrolyte to preserve 98% capacity retention after 150 cycles for Li||Graphite cells The non-flammable DEEP-based electrolytes modified with DEGDME enable improved low-temperature performance with achieving 71% 50th-cycle retention of Graphite||LiFePO4 cells at -20°C. This work introduces a new strategy for designing non-flammable phosphate electrolytes, enabling the reliable and safe application of LIBs across a wide temperature range.
Resilience of children in Child Headed Households (CHHs) in rural Zimbabwe in the face of the COVID 19 pandemic: A case study of ward 14, Rowa of Mutare District
Authors: Chikoko Witness , Nyabeze Kudzai , Mwapaura Kudzai , Chinotimba Mutsa
Published: January 2025

This is a qualitative study that examines the resilience of children in CHHs in rural Zimbabwe during the COVID-19 pandemic, utilizing the case study of ward 14, Rowa, in the Mutare district. Evidence suggests that children in CHHs became resilient in the face of the COVID 19 pandemic through various factors. Some of the factors included individual traits such as positive attitudes and self-determination. In addition, some of the social resilience-related factors included engaging in menial jobs, vending, begging, and support from neighbours and church members, among others. The article concludes by advocating and lobbying key stakeholders, such as the Government of Zimbabwe, for more support in social protection for children in CHH households in rural Zimbabwe in the face of emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Structural insights of Quercetin and its derivatives against multi-drug resistant Proteus mirabilis: In silico approach
Authors: Jaiswal Charu , Chakraborty Medha , Choudhary Priti , Lokhande Kiran
Published: January 2025

Aims
This study aims to explore natural compounds as potential inhibitors against multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis hemolysin, a key virulence factor contributing to catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains poses a significant threat to global public health, with Proteus mirabilis being a notable contributor to hospital-acquired infections such as CAUTIs. Hemolysin, a toxin produced by P. mirabilis, plays a crucial role in its pathogenesis, making it an attractive target for antimicrobial therapy. The objective of this study is to investigate the binding affinity and stability of natural compounds, particularly derivatives of quercetin, with P. mirabilis hemolysin through molecular docking and dynamics simulations. Crystal structure retrieval of hemolysin from P. mirabilis was conducted, and the protein was prepared for molecular docking studies. Molecular docking analysis was performed to evaluate the binding affinity of natural compounds with hemolysin. Molecular dynamics simulations were then employed to assess the stability and dynamics of protein-ligand complexes. Molecular docking analysis revealed several lead compounds, including derivatives of quercetin, exhibiting strong binding affinity with P. mirabilis hemolysin. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated stable interactions between the lead compounds and hemolysin, with certain compounds showing reduced structural deviations and increased stability within the binding cavity. Natural compounds, particularly derivatives of quercetin, show promising antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis hemolysin. These findings highlight the potential of natural compounds as effective inhibitors for combating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, offering new avenues for therapeutic development in the fight against antibiotic resistance. Further research and clinical trials are warranted to validate the efficacy and safety of these compounds for clinical use.
A nomogram for predicting the risk of tracheostomy following surgical procedures treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Authors: Zhang Dongyuan , Peng Liangsheng , Wang Bohong , Liu Jiahao , Zhang Xi , Liu Ziyuan , Zhang Ying , Wang Xiaolong , Han Li , Ding XinMin
Published: January 2025

Objective: Effective and timely airway management is particularly crucial for recovery in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage following surgical procedures treatment. This study aimed to develop a stable nomogram model to predict the likelihood of postoperative tracheostomy in these patients.
Methods: The clinical data and imaging findings of 249 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) by microsurgical clipping or endovascular treatment on admission from January 2021 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), logistic regression analyses, and a nomogram were used to develop the prognostic models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Hosmer–Lemeshow tests were used to assess discrimination and calibration. The bootstrap method (1,000 repetitions) was used for internal validation. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was conducted to evaluate the clinical validity of the nomogram.
Results: The following four independent influencing factors were selected by LASSO-Logistic regression: the GCS score, preoperative pulmonary infection, operation method, and mechanical ventilation. The area under curve (AUC) was 0.928 in the training set and 0.878 in the internal validation set. Calibration curves and Hosmer–Lemeshow tests indicated that the nomogram demonstrated strong calibration ability. Additionally, the DCA curve revealed enhanced clinical utility of the nomogram.
Conclusion: This study introduces a reliable and valuable nomogram model that is both applicable and user-friendly, facilitating accurate predictions of tracheostomy risk following surgical interventions for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. This model aids clinicians in making timely and informed decisions, thereby significantly enhancing patient outcomes.
Temporal muscle measurements as predictor for outcome in a cohort of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma patients
Authors: Pinson Harry , De Rudder Cara , De Backer Louis , Sinay Amber Van , Boterberg Tom , Hallaert Giorgio
Published: January 2025

Purpose.
Temporal muscle thickness has been suggested as an independent prognostic marker for glioblastoma patient outcome. Various cohort studies show however conflicting results. This study therefore aims to reevaluate the prognostic value of different types of temporal muscle measurements in glioblastoma patients.
Methods.
A retrospective cohort study was performed including 137 patients diagnosed with IDH-wildtype glioblastoma. Temporal muscle thickness (TMT) and volume (TMV) were measured on preoperative MR-imaging. Next, these measurements were thereafter used in a multivariate Cox survival analysis to identify their possible prognostic value. These results were compared to the literature after systematic review of the Medline database.
Results.
TMT has a moderate to strong linear correlation with total muscle volume (Pearson r = 0,6; P < 0,001). Glioblastoma patients “at risk for sarcopenia” show similar outcome compared to controls (median overall survival time: 13 months vs 11 months; P = 0,775). In a covariate Cox regression model, none of the temporal muscle measurements (TMT, TMV or sex-specific cut-off points) showed prognostic value for outcome in glioblastoma patients.
Conclusion.
Temporal muscle measurements show no independent relation to clinical outcome in IDH-wildtype glioblastoma patients. There seems adequate linear correlation of temporal muscle thickness and overall muscle volume. The literature on temporal muscle measurements was found to be severely flawed and should be interpreted with caution.
Time-varying Mechanism of Flow Characteristics of Oil-water Medium in Pipeline Supported By the Cable-stayed Bridge
Authors: Weng Guangyuan , Zhao Kejie , Wang Le , Han Zhaoyang
Published: January 2025

To explore the time-varying mechanism of how oil viscosity and water content influence the flow characteristics in crossing pipelines, a three-dimensional finite element model was developed using advanced large-scale finite element simulation software with an integrated fluid dynamics module. The simulation results were analyzed under varying viscosity and water content conditions, focusing on the fluid velocity, pressure distribution, and secondary flow behavior within the pipeline. The findings reveal that as the oil viscosity and water content decrease, the initial flow rate and pressure at each monitoring node increase. Moreover, the fluid velocity experiences two distinct changes as the oil-water medium passes through the pipeline, with the average velocity decreasing as viscosity and water content increase. Additionally, the total pressure fluctuation duration within the pipeline increases with higher viscosity and water content. These results provide valuable theoretical insights for studying the dynamic characteristics and fluid-structure interaction vibrations in crude oil transportation pipelines.
The influence of information platform based personalized self- management prescription on type 2 diabetes in China: A real-world cohort study
Authors: Amuti Reziwanguli , Kadier Areziguli , Jiang Mengting , Maihemuti Abudureheman , Yang Bingquan
Published: January 2025

Background and aim:
Diabetes self-management education programs have been shown to improve patients' health outcomes, and Internet technology have provided more ways for diabetes management. However, it is difficult for patients to grasp all the information during a short period of consultation time. In this study, we implemented a fully integrated regional diabetes management model that information platform-based personalized prescription, and evaluated its feasibility and effectiveness among patients with type 2 diabetes( T2DM).
Design:
This was a 12-month long, multi-centered, prospective, and open-labeled cohort study. In this study, 1452 eligible participants with T2DM were enrolled and randomized to an intervention (n = 726) or a control (n = 726) group from April 2022 to April 2023. All patients underwent integrated management through an information platform. The intervention group was provided individualized self-management prescriptions, while the control group received routine care.
Findings:
1342 patients completed valid observations, 655 in the intervention group and 688 in the control group. The intervention group showed significant HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose(FPG) reduction (1.92% (mmol/mol) and 3.23mmol/L) at the first follow-up time, and 57% HbA1c (373) and 68%FPG (474) patients reached treatment target rate (HbA1c ≤ 7% (mmol/mol), FPG ≤ 7mmol/L), compared with the control group (HbA1c = 1.31% (mmol/mol),26% (179) and FPG = 2.31mmol/L,39% (265)). Meantime, the intervention group showed significant improvements in the frequency of SMBG, the incidence of hypoglycemia, BMI, UACR, and blood lipids after the intervention compared with a control group and baseline (all p < 0.05), except the TC (p = 0.53 baseline vs. after intervention). The co-primary outcomes were achieved by 119 people (18%) in the intervention group, and this was significantly higher than the control group (38 (6%), P < 0.001). Moreover, the achieved co-primary outcomes rate is higher among middle-aged (19%) and female (19%) patients in the intervention group.
Conclusions
The platform-based diabetes self-management prescriptions provided feasible and effective in the management of T2DM, also can promote the remission rate of diabetes. But need to justifying their integration into clinical practice, with cholesterol management needs to be improved.
Discovery of novel blood-brain barrier neuropathology in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder midbrain
Authors: Zhu Yunting , Victoriano Gerardo Mendez , Webster Maree J , Middleton Frank A. , Massa Paul T. , Fuller Christine , Weickert Cynthia Shannon
Published: January 2025

Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased macrophage densities have been found in a subgroup (~30-40%) of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder brains. However, the extent to which neuroinflammation influences the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in these serious mental illnesses has not been determined. Here, we measured multiple types of molecules related to BBB function in the ventral midbrain including 1) chemokines and macrophage markers; 2) endothelial cell-associated markers (adhesion molecules, tight junction proteins, and basement membrane proteins); in people with schizophrenia (n=35), or bipolar disorder (n=35) compared to controls (n=33). All cases were defined as “high” or “low” inflammatory status. Both mRNA and protein levels of macrophage chemokine (CCL2) and scavenger receptor (CD163) were significantly elevated in the neuroinflammatory schizophrenia (high) compared to all the low inflammatory subgroups. We found elevated mRNA levels of adhesion molecules (ICAM1 and PECAM1) in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder high inflammatory subgroups, however, PECAM1 protein was only elevated in schizophrenia. Surprisingly, ICAM protein was decreased in the bipolar disorder high inflammatory subgroup. The bipolar disorder group also had lower collagen IV (ColIV) protein levels. Levels of the mRNA encoding the tight junction protein claudin-5 (CLDN5) was elevated in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder high inflammatory subgroups, while occludin (OCLN) mRNA levels were decreased in schizophrenia, especially in the high inflammatory subgroup. Through immunohistochemistry for CLDN5 revealed increased fragmented blood vessels with bursts of CLDN5+ processes surrounding and appearing to emanate from endothelial cells in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder high inflammation. Collectively, the high inflammatory subgroups of individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder display more signs of macrophage chemoattraction which appeared linked to changes in the BBB, including alterations in adhesion molecules and tight junction proteins. However, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have distinct molecular signatures of BBB pathology in the midbrain.
Effectiveness of Fluoroquinolone De-escalation in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Impact on Hospital Stay and Mortality
Authors: Awad Aseel Abu , Hammour Khawla Abu , Abuawad Alaa , Zawiah Mohammed , Abu-Farha Rana K.
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of fluoroquinolone de-escalation in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), examining its impact on hospital length of stay (LOS), mortality, and association with microbial culture results.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on adult patients diagnosed with CAP at a tertiary hospital in Jordan. The study analyzed fluoroquinolone de-escalation outcomes, including hospital LOS and mortality, as well as the relationship between microbial culture results and de-escalation success.
Results: The study sample consisted of 125 patients, with a median age of 73 years (IQR = 24). Of these, 64.8% (n=81) were male, and 35.2% (n=44) were female. Fluoroquinolone therapy was predominantly levofloxacin (99.2%, n=124). Fluoroquinolone de-escalation was successfully achieved in 33.6% (n=42) of patients. Positive culture results significantly increased de-escalation success, as 61.5% (n=16) of patients with positive cultures successfully de-escalating compared to 26.0% (n=25) of those with negative cultures (p = 0.002). Among patients with negative cultures (n=96), 43.8% (n=42) underwent inappropriate de-escalation, and 30.2% (n=29) had failed de-escalation. Patients in the successfully de-escalated group had a significantly shorter median hospital stay of 12 days (IQR = 8) compared to 18 days (IQR = 11) in the failed/inappropriate group (p = 0.004). There was no significant difference in mortality between the two groups, with 70.1% (n=29) surviving in the successfully de-escalated group versus 76.5% (n=62) in the other group (p = 0.514).
Conclusion: Fluoroquinolone de-escalation in CAP patients is linked to shorter hospital stays without affecting mortality. Positive culture results significantly increase de-escalation success, supporting the need for improved de-escalation protocols.
A structural design approach toward metallic glass with simultaneous tunable thermal expansion and high structural stiffness
Authors: Zhang Yunhao , Zhou Ye , Xu Conghao , Zhang Jiacheng , Sha Zhendong
Published: January 2025

Although metallic glasses (MGs) possess relatively low thermal expansion coefficient (TEC)compared to their crystalline counterparts due to the existence of free volume, their TEC values are still too large to meet the demands of practical application. Here, we report that a bi-material structure (BMS) consisting of curved traditional materials (e.g., Al alloy) with MGs can be used to obtain tunable TEC, while maintaining high structural stiffness. The curved Al alloy has a pulling effect on the MGs when the curvature changes, limiting the thermal expansion of MGs. Through the theoretical model and finite element method analysis, it is further found that both TEC and stiffness can be significantly altered through changing the degree of curvature, the contact surface, and the thickness ratio of MG over Al alloy. The present study not only offers a solution to the TEC reduction of MGs, but also suggests that BMS can be used to design advanced structural materials that possess adjustable TEC and high stiffness.
Factors Associated with Gonioscopy Before Glaucoma Procedures in the IRIS® Registry
Authors: Vu Daniel M. , Gilbert Joshua B. , Goldberg Eric A. , Rothman Adam L. , Lin Michael M. , Chang Ta C. , Tassel Sarah H. Van , Patel Nimesh A. , Zebardast Nazlee , Ross Connor J. , Elze Tobias , Lorch Alice C. , Miller Joan W.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To analyze nationwide pre-operative gonioscopy utilization patterns for various glaucoma surgeries and laser surgeries over time using the IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight).
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Participants: All adults who underwent a glaucoma surgery or laser surgery between January 1, 2014 and April 14, 2023.
Methods: The first glaucoma procedure from the first eye of each patient was recorded as the index event and time was measured between the most recent pre-operative gonioscopy date to the index event. Baseline demographics, pre-operative clinical characteristics, glaucoma diagnosis, procedure type, and type of subspecialist performing the procedure were collected.
Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcomes were the percentage of patients who had gonioscopy before a glaucoma procedure (1) at any prior visit and (2) within 1 year prior to the procedure. Secondary outcomes were the baseline factors that were associated with higher gonioscopy utilization at any prior visit using multivariable logistic regression.
Results: The study included 1.1 million patients (mean age 69.5±12.0 years). A majority had an in-office laser surgery (71.9%), while 16.2% had microinvasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGS), 6.5% had a trabeculectomy or tube (traditional), and 4.6% had other glaucoma surgeries. Pre-operative gonioscopy was identified in 64.7% of patients, and 85.0% of those were within 1 year of the index event.
In multivariable models, Asian (OR 1.16, 95%CI 1.13–1.18, P<0.001) and Black (OR 1.13, 95%CI 1.12–1.15, P<0.001) racial and ethnic groups were associated with higher odds of gonioscopy compared to White groups. When compared to traditional surgery, MIGS were associated with lower utilization (OR 0.69, 95%CI 0.68–0.71, P<0.001), but in-clinic laser surgeries were not (P=0.231). Glaucoma subspecialists were more likely to perform pre-operative gonioscopy compared to non-glaucoma subspecialists (OR 2.65, 95%CI 2.62–2.69, P<0.001).
Conclusions: Pre-operative gonioscopy use and/or coding is lower than expected, given current guidelines. Among glaucoma procedures, ab interno MIGS were associated with lower pre-operative gonioscopy utilization.
A Systematic Literature Review of Esports Integrity
Authors: Riedl Erika , Verschuuren Pim
Published: January 2025

While esports activities have been constantly growing over the past two decades, academic literature on esports has emerged in several fields, including in the appraisal of various integrity dimensions of the games in recent years. The authors conducted a first systematic review of this literature on esports integrity in order to synthetize existing knowledge and establish the potential academic research gaps in this area. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology has been used, as well as the eSAFE conceptual framework. 57 scientific sources have been included in the analysis, which outlines a relatively laconic and fragmented literature. However, various issues related to the prevalence of integrity risks, regulatory measures and policies or perceptions from the fans and participants attract an increasing interest. Key avenues for further research are the specificities of integrity risks and management within different games, as well as sectorial-wide dimensions, such as regulation (including public law and private disciplinary frameworks) and policies design and enforcement. Finally, we discuss practical implications of our research.
Triple coinfections of Brucella abortus, scrub typhus, and S. typhi in the subtropical region of Nepal: A rare case report
Authors: Basyal Santosh , yadav Dipendra prasad , Acharya Neeraj , Budhathoki Roshika , parajuli Rahul , Bhattarai Shardul
Published: January 2025

Background
Brucella is a zoonotic bacterial infection that requires antibiotic treatment. Four of the six traditional diseases cause human zoonoses: B. melitensis, B. abortus, B. suis, and B. canis. B. melitensis causes the majority of cases worldwide, but B. abortus is often misdiagnosed. The lack of clear symptoms often leads to the underdiagnosis of scrub typhus, another endemic disease in Nepal. In Nepal, typhoid, dengue fever, and scrub typhus spread during the monsoon and post monsoon seasons, often coinfecting each other.
Case presentation:
A 35-year-old female patient with fever, fatigue, and myalgia presented to Damak Hospital in Jhapa, Nepal, with no history of close contact with animals. We admitted her due to her fever, fatigue, and myalgia, and initial reports revealed a decrease in her hemoglobin and platelets. Routine urinalysis and stools were normal, but the patient tested positive for the S. typhi O antigen. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests revealed positive results for scrub typhus and Brucella abortus antigens.
Conclusion:
This study identified triple coinfection via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Widal testing in rural areas, with the aim of early detection in endemic regions such as Nepal and South Asia.