bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Digital Learning on 21st Century Skills of Grade 10 Learners in Physics
Authors: D. Mangubat Symphany Dawn , L. Ramirez Iris April
Published: March 2024

The study investigated the effects of Digital Learning on the 21st- century skills of Grade 10 Learners in Physics. This was conducted among Grade 10 learners of Bukidnon National High School, Malaybalay City, school year 2022-2023. The study used a quasi-experimental research design and a post test-only control group design. The 30-item researcher-made critical thinking test, validated by a panel of experts and has a reliability of 0.761, was used to collect data. The data gathered were analyzed and interpreted using mean, standard deviation, ANCOVA, and an independent sample t-test. Findings revealed that there is a significant difference in 21st-century skills between the two groups. Therefore, the utilization of digital learning resources in teaching physics can enhance 21st century skills, specifically the critical thinking skills, communication skills, collaboration skills, and creativity skills of learners.
Research Workshop on Bacillus in Clinical and Agricultural Environments 29th Feb – 1st Mar 2024, Umeå University, Sweden
Authors: Umeå University, Sweden
Published: March 2024

This event was inspired by the 2023 European Spores Conference and BACT Conference. These events bring many research groups together on spores and the common causative species, primarily Bacillus. However, to bring the latest knowledge to solve “real-world” problems brought by spores and Bacillus species, we wanted a dedicated event that facilitates knowledge transfer. Thus, the idea for this workshop was born. The focus of this event is to exchange knowledge between academia and other sectors, like agriculture or biosafety, where Bacillus species are a problem with substantial costs. We have speakers covering topics from Bacillus genomics to spore structure and opportunities in industry to decontamination. We hope this event will help communication and collaboration between universities and industries. We are thankful for those who have made the trip here and hope you enjoyed the meeting and the wintry aesthetic of the city as a whole.

About Umeå University

Formally established in 1965, Umeå University is a comprehensive university covering research and education in medicine, science and technology, social sciences, arts and humanities, and educational sciences. Our cohesive campus environment enables a dynamic and open culture with a strong sense of community. Here, we have over 35000 students and over 2000 researchers that help to promote factfulness and contribute to scientific progress. In 2020, Emmanuelle Charpentier was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her discovery of the gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9. A discovery she made during her time as a researcher at Umeå University. The prize was awarded jointly to Emmanuelle Charpentier and the American researcher Jennifer A. Doudna. Emmanuelle is an honorary doctor at Umeå University, a former visiting researcher at the Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, UCMR, and a former research leader at the Laboratory of Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, MIMS.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Montong Betok Kecamatan Montong Gading Lombok Timur Tahun 2022
Authors: Sidrotullah M. , Radiah Nur , Meditia Eya
Published: March 2024

Diabetes mellitus merupakan suatu penyakit yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia sehingga gula menumpuk dalam darah sehingga gagal masuk ke dalam sel. Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) menempati posisi ke 23 dari 34 Provinsi di Indonesia, Kabupaten Lombok Timur sendiri menempati urutan pertama dari semua kabupaten di NTB, dengan jumlah pasien terkena penyakit DM sekitar 493 jiwa pada tahun 2012-2013, tahun 2018 Jumlah penderita Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tercatat sejumlah 6.484 jiwa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 Di Puskesmas Montong Betok Kecamatan Montong Gading Lombok Timur.

Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian cross sectional. Dalam penelitian ini populasi yang digunakan adalah pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas Montong Betok pada bulan Januari — maret dengan jumlah 459 sedangkan sampelnya berjumlah 213 sampel. Dari  penelitian diperoleh hasil dengan metode DKQ menunjukkan sebanyak 2 (0,9%) memiliki pengetahuan baik,12 responden (5,6%) memiliki pengetahuan cukup dan 199 (93,4%) memiliki pengetahuan kurang dan hasil dengan MMAS-8 menunjukkan berturut-turut sebanyak 6 (2,8%) responden memiliki kepatuhan tinggi sampai dengan sedang dan 6 (2,8%) yang memiliki kepatuhan rendah 201 (94,4%). Hasil analisis uji korelasi Spearman didapatkan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,00 < 0,05 artinya terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan kepatuahan minum obat pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2.
Karakteristik Risiko Kejadian Ruptur Perineum Pada Ibu Postpartum
Authors: Mubayyina Firdaus
Published: March 2024

Penyebab utama kematian pada ibu di suatu Negara berkembang adalah infeksi nifas salah satunya sepsis, perlukaan jalan lahir merupakan media perkembangan kuman yang mengakibatkan infeksi berhubungan erat dengan mordibitas ibu jangka panjang bahkan menyebabkan gangguan dasar panggul hingga 10 tahun pasca persalinan dengan prevalensi kejaidian ini mencapai angka 50% di Asia tenggara yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor maternal maupun neonatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik ibu dan bayi dalam risiko kejadian ruptur perineum.

Penelitian ini merupakan peneltian desktiptif cross sectional dengan mengambil data ibu bersalin yang mengalamai ruptur perineum di Puskesmas Gunung Sari Kabupaten Lombok Barat dari Januari-Oktober 2022 sebanyak 172. Data yang diambil merupakan data karakteristik ibu dan bayi yang meliputi usia, paritas, usia kehamilan, nilai APGAR, berat badan lahir, panjang badan, lingkar kepala dan lingkar dada..

Karakteristik tertinggi ibu bersalin dengan rentang usia 20-35 tahun (83,7%), jumlah persalinan 2-4 kali (multipara) (72,1%), usia kehamilan cukup bulan 37-42 minggu (91,3%). Karakteristik bayi tertingi (95,9%) memiliki nilai APGAR normal pada menit ke 1 dan (98,8%) dengan nilai apgar normal pada menit ke 5, berat badan lahir 2.500-4.000 gram (91,3%), dengan panjang badan 48-52 cm (74,4%), lingkar kepala <33 cm sejumlah (69,8%) dan lingkar dada tertinggi dalam rentang 30-38 cm (91,3%).
Efek Proteksi Perasan dan Ekstrak Etanol 70% Daun Kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata) Pada Lambung Hewan Uji Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Alkohol
Authors: Ifada Andy Susbandiyah , Pahmi Khairil , Insani Afdholul Kholiqatil , Karunia Mia
Published: March 2024

Kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata) merupakan tumbuhan liar yang oleh masyarakat di beberapa daerah di Nusa Tenggara Barat telah lama digunakan untuk mengobati luka. Pemberian Kopasanda pada bagian yang luka menyebabkan luka lebih cepat menutup dan mengering. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan pengujian efek proteksi Kopasanda terhadap luka atau tukak di lambung. Tukak lambung (gastric ulcer) merupakan salah satu gangguan saluran pencernaan yang memiliki prevalensi yang tinggi. Kondisi ini disebabkan terutama karena produksi asam lambung yang berlebihan yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti penggunaan obat-obat antiinflamasi non steroid, konsumsi alkohol, serta adanya infeksi bakteri Helicobacter pylori. Gastric ulcer dapat mengakibatkan timbulnya komplikasi dimulai dari perdarahan di saluran cerna hingga kondisi yang lebih parah seeprti kanker, hingga kematian. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua macam sampel yaitu perasan dan ekstrak etanol 70% daun Kopasanda yang diberikan sebelum induksi luka. Proses pembentukan luka dengan pemberian alkohol konsentrasi tinggi. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pemberian perasan dan ekstrak etanol 70% daun kopasanda dapat memberikan efek proteksi terhadap lambung hewan uji.
Pengaruh Pelatihan terhadap Pengetahuan dan Kemampuan Psikomotor Kader Kesehatan dalam Melakukan Deteksi Dini Stunting serta Stimulasi Tumbuh Kembang Balita
Authors: Kamila Nurul Auliya
Published: March 2024

Stunting merupakan bentuk masalah kekurangan gizi kronik dan termanifestasi dalam bentuk gagal tumbuh yang dapat dimulai sejak dalam kandungan hingga anak berusia dua tahun. Berdasarkan data Pendataan Keluarga 2021 (PK21) menunjukkan prosentase angka stunting yang cukup tinggi yaitu sebanyak 84.000 keluarga di Lombok Barat beresiko stunting dan menunjukkan prevalensi stunting Bulan Februari tahun 2022 sebesar 20,73% dimana masih jauh dari target nasional yaitu 14%. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk pemberdayaan kader kesehatan dalam deteksi dini stunting serta stimulasi tumbuh kembang pada anak. Sasaran pada kegiatan ini adalah kader kesehatan di Wilayah Desa Midang dengan total sampel sebanyak 25 orang. Kegiatan pelatihan berupa satu hari pelatihan pada tanggal 1 Agustus 2023 bertempat di Aula Kantor Desa Midang yang terbagi dalam 3 sesi dengan menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi dan tanya jawab serta demonstrasi dan re-demonstrasi oleh para kader kesehatan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan para kader kesehatan yaitu sebelum dilakukan kegiatan sebanyak 64% kader memiliki pengetahuan yang baik dan setelah dilakukan kegiatan meningkat menjadi sebanyak 96%. Selain itu, hasil uji statistik menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan pada pengetahuan kader kesehatan setelah dilakukan intervensi (p = 0,000). Namun, untuk aspek keterampilan yang diukur setelah dilakukan pelatihan, didapatkan hampir setengah dari jumlah responden masih berada pada kategori cukup. Maka dari itu, diharapkan kegiatan pemberdayaan kader kesehatan dalam deteksi dini stunting serta stimulasi tumbuh kembang pada anak sebaiknya dilakukan secara berkesinambungan dengan bekerja sama bersama pihak-pihak terkait, sehingga diharapkan memberikan kontribusi atas terwujudnya peningkatan derajat kesehatan masyarakat pada umumnya dan anak pada khususnya.
BIOLOGICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ACTIVITY OF MARMELEIRO (CROTON BLANCHETIANUS BAILL): A REVIEW
Authors: Silva Illa Fernanda Mesquita , Sousa Maria das Dores Barreto , Albuquerque Jorge Marcelo Moraes , Marques Rosemarie Brandim , Uchôa Valdiléia Teixeira , Maia Filho Antônio Luiz Martins
Published: March 2024

The marmeleiro (Croton blanchetianus Baill) is a native plant of the Brazilian semiarid region with wide distribution in the Northeast and Southeast regions of the country. This integrative review study addresses the biological activity and phytochemical composition of the marmeleiro, highlighting its therapeutic and agronomic properties. Twenty-five studies published in the last 10 years were analyzed, revealing a diversity of biological activities, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, antinociceptive and insecticidal. The results demonstrate efficacy against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, agricultural pests, and pain, in addition to antioxidant properties. The chemical composition of the marmeleiro was characterized by a predominance of terpenes, especially eucalyptol and α-pinene, which play an important role in its bioactive properties. The studies highlight the need for further research to fully explore the therapeutic and agronomic potential of the marmeleiro. In summary, the marmeleiro emerges as a valuable source of bioactive compounds with significant potential in medicine and agriculture, offering promising prospects for the development of alternative therapies and sustainable solutions.
Mixing-layer-height-referenced ozone vertical distribution in the lower troposphere of Chinese megacities: stratification, classification, and meteorological and photochemical mechanisms
Authors: Liao Zhiheng , Gao Meng , Zhang Jinqiang , Sun Jiaren , Quan Jiannong , Jia Xingcan , Pan Yubing , Fan Shaojia
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Traditional tropospheric ozone (O3) climatology uses a simple average substantially smoothed stratification structure in individual O3 profiles, limiting our ability to properly describe and understand how O3 is vertically distributed at the interface between the mixing layer (ML) and free troposphere (FT). In this study, we collected 1897 ozonesonde profiles from two Chinese megacities (Beijing and Hong Kong) over the period 2000–2022 to investigate the climatological vertical heterogeneity of the lower-tropospheric O3 distribution with a mixing-layer-height-referenced (h-referenced) vertical coordinate system. The mixing-layer height (h) was first estimated following an integral method that integrates the information of temperature, humidity, and cloud. After that, a so-called h-referenced vertical distribution of O3 was determined by averaging all individual profiles expressed as a function of z/h rather than z (where z is altitude). We found that the vertical stratification of O3 is distributed heterogeneously in the lower troposphere, with stronger vertical gradients at the surface layer and ML–FT interface. There are low vertical autocorrelations of O3 between the ML and FT but high autocorrelations within each of the two atmospheric compartments. These results suggest that the ML–FT interface acts as a geophysical “barrier” separating air masses of distinct O3 loadings. This barrier effect varies with season and city, with an ML–FT detrainment barrier in summer (autumn) and an FT–ML entrainment barrier in other seasons in Beijing (Hong Kong). Based on a Student's t test, daily h-referenced O3 profiles were further classified into three typical patterns: MLO3-dominated, FTO3-dominated, and uniform distribution. Although the FTO3-dominated pattern occurs most frequently during the whole study period (69 % and 54 % of days in Beijing and Hong Kong, respectively), the MLO3-dominated pattern prevails in the photochemically active season, accounting for 47 % of summer days in Beijing and 54 % of autumn days in Hong Kong. These occurrences of the MLO3-dominated pattern are significantly more frequent than in previously reported results at northern mid-latitudes, indicating intensive photochemical MLO3 production under the high-emission background of a Chinese megacity. From a FTO3-dominated to MLO3-dominated pattern, the O3 precursor CH2O (NO2) experiences a substantial increase (decrease) in Beijing but a slight change in Hong Kong. Vertically, the increment of CH2O is larger in the upper ML, and the decrement of NO2 is larger in the lower ML. Such vertical changes in O3 precursors push O3 production sensitivity away from the VOC-limited regime and facilitate high-efficiency production of O3 via photochemical reactions, particularly in the upper ML of Beijing.
Reconstruction of drought and long-rain chronologies since the 17th century in Central Japan using intra-annual tree-ring oxygen isotope ratios and documentary records
Authors: Iizuka Hiroto , Sho Kenjiro , Li Zhen , Sano Masaki , Kato Yoshikazu , Nakatsuka Takeshi
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O) of tree-ring cellulose and historical documentary records are widely used to explore the hydroclimatic conditions of the past. In this study, we attempted to reconstruct chronologies of local climate disasters spanning four centuries in Central Japan using these proxy data. For tree-ring δ18O measurements, we prepared cellulose samples from a long-living cedar tree with continuously broad ring widths. To enhance the temporal resolution, we divided each annual ring into several (mainly six) segments. Analysis of correlations with observed relative humidity and precipitation data revealed that the intra-ring δ18O variations of the sample tree reflected the hydroclimatic conditions from April to July in each year. Subsequently, we chronologically listed the occurrence of eight types of disasters in the 17th to 19th centuries in the area adjacent to the sample tree according to 20 titles of “Town/City history,” compilation of historical documentary records from the local municipality. By comparison with the intra-ring δ18O data, we found that most of the major droughts and long rains recorded in the historical documents occurred in the Baiu rainy season (typically June–July) or pre-Baiu season that correspond to the growing season of the sample tree. Based on analysis of intra-ring δ18O variation for documentary-based drought and long-rain years, we set thresholds of intra-ring δ18O values to identify and extract drought and long-rain years. Drought and long-rain chronologies obtained by applying these thresholds were temporally continuous, complementing those based on documentary records. They depicted the relationships between the frequency of these climate disasters and the occurrence of major famines and the long-term tendency of length and magnitude of the Baiu rainy season in historical times.
Tropospheric Ozone Precursors: Global and Regional Distributions, Trends and Variability
Authors: Elshorbany Yasin , Ziemke Jerald , Strode Sarah , Petetin Hervé , Miyazaki Kazuyuki , De Smedt Isabelle , Pickering Kenneth , Seguel Rodrigo , Worden Helen , Emmerichs Tamara , Taraborrelli Domenico , Cazorla Maria , Fadnavis Suvarna , Buchholz Rebecca , Gaubert Benjamin , Rojas Néstor , Nogueira Thiago , Salameh Thérèse , Huang Min
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Ozone formation is nonlinear, and results from the photochemical oxidation of methane and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the presence of nitrogen oxide (NOx=NO+NO2). Previous studies showed that O3 short- and long-term trends are nonlinearly controlled by near-surface anthropogenic emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and nitrogen oxides. In this review article, we investigate tropospheric ozone spatial variability and trends from 2005 to 2019 and relate those to ozone precursors on global and regional scales. We also investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of the ozone formation regime in relation to ozone chemical sources and sinks. Our analysis is based on remote sensing products of the Tropospheric Column of Ozone (TrC-O3) and its precursors, nitrogen dioxide (TrC-NO2), formaldehyde (TrC-HCHO), and total column of CO (TC-CO) as well as ozonesonde data and model simulations. Our results indicate a complex relationship between tropospheric ozone column levels, surface ozone levels, and ozone precursors. While the increasing trends of near-surface ozone concentrations can largely be explained by variations in VOC and NOx concentration under different regimes, TrC-O3 may also be affected by other variables such as tropopause height. Decreasing trends in TrC-NO2 have varying effects on the TrC-O3, which is related to the different local chemistry in each region. The concomitant increase or decrease in TrC-O3 and TrC-NO2 over the eastern US, and central Europe is due to dominant NO-sensitive conditions resulting from the strict measures to control NOx emissions over the last two decades. The decreasing trends of TrC-NO2 but increasing trends of TrC-O3 in some regions in the central US and parts of eastern Asia are due to high NOx conditions leading to VOC sensitivity in these regions. We also shed light on the contribution of NOx lightning and soil NO and nitrous acid (HONO) emissions to trends of tropospheric ozone on regional and global scales.
Connection of Surface Snowfall Bias to Cloud Phase Bias – Satellite Observations, ERA5, and CMIP6
Authors: Hellmuth Franziska , Carlsen Tim , Daloz Anne Sophie , David Robert Oscar , Storelvmo Trude
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Supercooled Liquid-Containing Clouds (sLCCs) play a significant role in Earth's radiative budget and the hydrological cycle, especially through surface snowfall production. Evaluating state-of-the-art climate models with respect to their ability to simulate the frequency of occurrence of sLCCs and the frequency with which they produce snow is, therefore, critically important. Here, we compare these quantities as derived from satellite observations, reanalysis datasets, and Earth System Models from Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and find significant discrepancies between the data sets for mid and high latitudes in both hemispheres. Specifically, we find that the ERA5 reanalysis and ten CMIP6 models consistently overestimate the frequency of sLCCs and snowfall frequencies from sLCCs compared to CloudSat-CALIPSO satellite observations, especially over open ocean regions. The biases are very similar for ERA5 and the CMIP6 models, which indicates that the discrepancies in cloud phase and snowfall stem from differences in the representation of cloud microphysics rather than the representation of meteorological conditions. This, in turn, highlights the need for refinements in the models’ parameterizations of cloud microphysics in order for them to represent cloud phase and snowfall accurately. The thermodynamic phase of clouds and precipitation has a strong influence on simulated climate feedbacks and, thus, projections of future climate. Understanding the origin(s) of the biases identified here is, therefore, crucial for improving the overall reliability of climate models.
Global terrestrial moisture recycling in Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
Authors: Staal Arie , Meijer Pim , Nyasulu Maganizo Kruger , Tuinenburg Obbe A. , Dekker Stefan C.
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Many areas across the globe rely on upwind land areas for their precipitation supply through terrestrial precipitation recycling. Global warming and land-use changes may affect the future patterns of terrestrial precipitation recycling, but where and to which extent remains unclear. To study how the global patterns of precipitation recycling may change until the end of the 21st century we present a new forward-tracking version of the three-dimensional atmospheric moisture tracking model UTrack that is forced by output of the Norwegian Earth System model (NorESM2). We simulate global precipitation recycling in four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), which are internally consistent combinations of climate- and land-use scenarios used in the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. The scenarios range from mild to severe: SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5. We compare results for the middle of the century (2050–2059) and end of the century (2090–2099) with a 2015–2024 baseline. We similarly also calculate basin precipitation recycling for the 26 major river basins of the world. We find that the global terrestrial moisture recycling ratio decreases with the severity of the SSPs and estimate a decrease in this ratio of 2.1 % with every degree of global warming. However, we find differences among regions and river basins in trends in precipitation recycling and whether projected drying or wetting is mainly contributed by land or ocean. Our results give critical insight into the relative contributions of global warming and land use changes on global precipitation changes over the course of this century. In addition, our model paves the way for more detailed regional studies of future changes in terrestrial moisture recycling.
Multi-scale soil moisture data and process-based modeling reveal the importance of lateral groundwater flow in a subarctic catchment
Authors: Nousu Jari-Pekka , Leppä Kersti , Marttila Hannu , Ala-aho Pertti , Mazzotti Giulia , Manninen Terhikki , Korkiakoski Mika , Aurela Mika , Lohila Annalea , Launiainen Samuli
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Soil moisture plays a key role in soil nutrient and carbon cycling, plant productivity and in energy, water, and greenhouse gas exchanges between the land and the atmosphere. In this study, we used the Spatial Forest Hydrology (SpaFHy) model, in-situ soil moisture measurements and Sentinel-1 SAR-based soil moisture estimates to explore spatiotemporal controls of soil moisture in a subarctic headwater catchment in northwestern Finland. The role of groundwater dynamics and lateral flow on soil moisture was studied through three groundwater model conceptualizations: i) omission of groundwater storage and lateral flow, ii) conceptual TOPMODEL approach based on topographic wetness index, and iii) explicit 2D lateral groundwater flow. The model simulations were compared against continuous point-scale measurements, distributed manual measurements conducted in the study area, and novel SAR-based soil moisture estimates available from the area at high spatial and temporal resolution. Based on model scenarios and model-data comparisons, we assessed when and where the lateral groundwater flow shapes soil moisture, and under which conditions soil moisture variability is driven more by local ecohydrological processes, i.e. the balance of infiltration, drainage and evapotranspiration. The choice of groundwater conceptualization was shown to have a strong impact on the modeled soil moisture dynamics within the catchment. All model conceptualizations captured the observed soil moisture dynamics in the upland forests, but accounting for the lateral groundwater flow was necessary to reproduce the saturated conditions commonly occurring on the peatlands and occasionally on lowland forest grid-cells. We further highlight the potential of integrating multi-scale observations, including spatially explicit remote sensing data, with land surface and hydrological models. The results have broad implications for choosing suitable models for studying ecohydrological and biogeochemical processes as well as earth system feedbacks in subarctic and boreal environments.
Thresholds for estuarine compound flooding using a combined hydrodynamic–statistical modelling approach
Authors: Lyddon Charlotte , Chien Nguyen , Vasilopoulos Grigorios , Ridgill Michael , Moradian Sogol , Olbert Agnieszka , Coulthard Thomas , Barkwith Andrew , Robins Peter
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Estuarine compound flooding can happen when extreme sea level and river discharges occur concurrently, or in close succession, inundating low-lying coastal regions. Such events are hard to predict and amplify the hazard. Recent UK storms, including Storm Desmond (2015) and Ciara (2020), have highlighted the vulnerability of mountainous Atlantic-facing catchments to the impacts of compound flooding including risk to life and short- and long-term socio-economic damages. To improve prediction and early warning of compound flooding, combined sea and river thresholds need to be established. In this study, observational data and numerical modelling were used to reconstruct the historic flood record of an estuary particularly vulnerable to compound flooding (Conwy, North Wales). The record was used to develop a method for identifying combined sea level and river discharge thresholds for flooding using idealised simulations and joint-probability analyses. The results show how flooding extent responds to increasing total water level and river discharge, with notable amplification in flood extent due to the compounding drivers in some circumstances, and sensitivity (∼ 7 %) due to a 3 h time lag between the drivers. The influence of storm surge magnitude (as a component of total water level) on the flooding extent was only important for scenarios with minor flooding. There was variability as to when and where compound flooding occurred; it was most likely under moderate sea and river conditions (e.g. 60th–70th and 30th–50th percentiles) and only in the middle-estuary zone. For such cases, joint-probability analysis is important for establishing compound flood risk behaviour. Elsewhere in the estuary, either the sea state (lower estuary) or river flow (upper estuary) dominated the hazard, and single-value probability analysis is sufficient. These methods can be applied to estuaries worldwide to identify site-specific thresholds for flooding to support emergency response and long-term coastal management plans.
Publisher's Comments
Authors: Cloninger Kelly , Bond Samantha
Published: March 2024

Welcome to the Journal of Biocommunication, the professional journal of the Association of Medical Illustrators (AMI) and the BioCommunications Association (BCA). This JBC, issue 47-2, represents our second issue of the 2023 publishing year. We would like to thank our Management Board, our editors, our advisors, and our authors for their contributions to the success of our Journal.

We appreciate the ongoing support from our JBC community around the world. In particular, we acknowledge the support of the AMI and the BCA. It's a privilege to be chosen as the professional academic journal of these two organizations.
PENGUATAN DAYA SAING UMKM MELALUI PELATIHAN KETERAMPILAN TEKNOLOGI DI ERA SOCIETY 5.0
Authors: Alamin Zumhur , Lukman Lukman , Missouri Randitha , Annafi Nurfidianty , Sutriawan Sutriawan , Khairunnas Khairunnas
Published: March 2024

Artikel ini menggambarkan dampak positif dari program pelatihan keterampilan teknologi terhadap UMKM, fokus utama dalam menghadapi transformasi digital. Melalui survei yang melibatkan berbagai sektor UMKM, hasil menunjukkan peningkatan efisiensi operasional sebesar 85%, terutama dalam manajemen inventaris dan operasional. Ekspansi akses pasar melalui platform digital mencapai 70%, menandakan keberhasilan UMKM dalam mencapai pelanggan lebih luas melalui toko online dan e-commerce. Adaptasi strategi bisnis menuju layanan daring, dengan pertumbuhan pendapatan sebesar 60%, menjadi merespons perubahan perilaku konsumen yang memilih kenyamanan dalam layanan pesan antar dan pemesanan online. Integrasi sistem pembayaran digital, mencapai persentase positif sebesar 75%, membuktikan bahwa UMKM yang memfasilitasi pembayaran digital dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan kepercayaan pelanggan. Dampak positif pada brand dan reputasi, mencapai 90%, menandakan bahwa aktivitas di media sosial memberikan kontribusi dalam membangun hubungan dengan pelanggan. Ulasan positif dan keterlibatan di media sosial meningkatkan citra brand UMKM secara signifikan. Hasil ini mencerminkan bahwa literasi teknologi menjadi kunci sukses UMKM dalam menghadapi dinamika bisnis di era Society 5.0.
PENDAMPINGAN PEMBELAJARAN TAJWID PADA ANAK-ANAK JILID LIMA DI TPQ SABILAL HAQ DESA TUMBAL
Authors: Ananda Qori
Published: March 2024

TPQ Sabilal Haq merupakan sebuah Taman Pendidikan Al-Qur'an yang berada di Desa Tumbal, Kec. Comal, Kab. Pemalang yang dijadikan sebagai tempat mengaji bagi mereka yang ingin belajar mengaji. Namun, terdapat masalah yang masih menjadi persoalan dalam hal membaca yaitu masih kurangnya menerapkan ilmu tajwid yang benar. Anak-anak yang mengaji hanya menerapkan pelafalan huruh hijaiyah tanpa menerapkan ilmu tajwid yang benar. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pembelajaran kepada anak-anak yang mengaji agar ketika membaca bacaannya sudah sesuai dengan ilmu tajwid. Metode yang digunakan dalam pendampingan adalah dengan tatap muka mengajar ngaji kepada anak-anak yang mengaji di TPQ Sabilal Haq. Hasil pengabdian dalam pendampingan ini terdapat peningkatan kemampuan membaca Al-Qur'an dengan tepat dan benar.
MULTIMEDIA SEBAGAI PENUNJANG PEMBELAJARAN LISTENING BAHASA INGGRIS DI STIT NURUL ISLAM MOJOKERTO
Authors: Munfadlila Asef Wildan , Perdana Andi
Published: March 2024

Tujuan diadakannya pelatihan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan profesional civitas akademika di STITNU Nurul Islam Mojokerto pada konteks penyediaan dan pengimplementasian berbagai teknologi (komputer, software, atau media) yang dapat mendukung keberhasilan serta kesuksesan siswa belajar menyimak (listening) bahasa Inggris di kelas. Untuk tercapainya tujuan dan target yang sudah direncanakan, maka garis besar metode yang dilakukan yaitu praktik penggunaan teknologi komputer Text to Speech sebagai upaya menciptakan media ajar audio listening bahasa Inggris yang baik dan berkualitas.Kata Kunci: Audio Visual, Listening Skill, Bahasa Inggris
PENGUATAN AL-ISLAM KEMUHAMMADIYAHAN BAGI GURU DI LINGKUNGAN PONDOK PESANTREN AL-IKHLAS MUHAMMADIYAH KOTA BIMA
Authors: Khairuddin Kaharuddin , Sagaf Umar
Published: March 2024

Keberadaan pendidikan Muhammadiyah tidak dapat dilepaskan dari hakekat muhammadiyah sebagai gerakan misi dakwah Islam dan visi amar ma`ruf nahi munkar. Lembaga pendidikan Muhammadiyah dalam berbagai jenis dan tingkatan merupakan salah satu alat dakwah yang paling efektif dan strategis untuk mewujudkan misi dan visi Muhammadiyah. Setiap guru memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam memajukan dan menjalankan visi dan misi Muhammadiyah. Penguatan Al Islam dan Kemuhammadiyahan di lingkungan Persyarikatan Muhamma- diyah dan di lingkungan amal usaha Muhammadiyah merupakan sesuatu yang sangat esensial dan bersifat mutlak. Hal ini mengingat Muhammadiyah  adalah gerakan Islam, dakwah amar ma’ruf nahi mungkar dan tajdid, bersumber pada Al Qur’an dan As-Sunnah yang bertujuan  menegakkan dan menjunjung tinggi  agama Islam sehingga terwujud masyarakat Islam yang sebenar-benarnya. Dalam konteks inilah, perlu dilakukan pengabdian yang mendalam dalam rangka penguatan dan peningkatan pemahaman al-Islam Kemuhammadiyahan bagi guru yang ada di sekolah Muhammadiyah, khususnya di pondok pesantren al-Ikhlas Muhammadiyah Kota Bima.
Contribution to the Management and Valorization of Fecal Sludge in the Urban Commune of Kissidougou, Mamou, Republic of Guinea
Authors: TRAORE Yakouba , SAKOUVOGUI Ansoumane , KEITA Mamby
Published: March 2024

Background and Aim : This research is a continuation of our work on the management and recovery of domestic waste. Its general objective is to take stock of the fecal sludge in the urban commune of Kissidougou, with a view to proposing appropriate treatment techniques. So, to achieve this objective, we carried out a field survey in the twenty-four neighborhoods of the urban commune, where we met ten households per neighborhood, or two hundred and forty households.
Method : The specific production methods, characteristics of sanitation works, demand for mechanical emptying, and turnover of the emptying operator were used
Results : The results obtained show that the housing typology of Kissidougou is characterized by a dominance of low standing estimated at 61%, followed by 37% of medium standing compared to only 2% of traditional type. Wastewater and excreta sanitation works are mainly traditional with 61%, followed by septic tanks with 14%, 13% improved latrines, 10% without specific purpose and only 1% VIP. The frequency of emptying is estimated at 40% for between 2 to 5 years, 29% (more than 2 years), 19% of the population surveyed, once the latrines are full, they give up; 7% have not changed their oil for 10 years; Likewise, 51% of the population do manual emptying; while 43% have an imprecise method of emptying their works; 4% empty their works mechanically and only 1% (other and not yet emptied). For a population of nearly 110000 inhabitants, the estimated annual specific production of faecal sludge is 64240 m3/year, or a specific production depending on households of 3014 m3/year. The quantity of sludge mechanically drained per year is 0.4m3/year; that manually is 6.24 m3/year. Thus, the characteristic of the sanitation works gives 314.12 m3/year and that of the operation of the mechanical emptying operator is 730 m3/year.
Conclusion : The results show that 30% of the population do not know how much they paid to empty their latrines ; while 18% say they paid 300000 GNF, 13% paid 350000 GNF ; 10% invested 450000 GNF for emptying their latrines, 8% of the population paid 400000 GNF and others 500000 GNF ; 6% of respondents said nothing about the emptying situation ; 5% pay 650000 GNF and 4% do their emptying at 600000 GNF.

Keywords: Faecal sludge, sanitation works, Management and recovery
Effect of Ambidextrous Leadership and Business Agility on Firm Performance Moderated by Digital Capability
Authors: Heksarini Ariesta , Sudaryanto Ragil , Simanjuntak Felicx
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze effect of ambidextrous leadership and business agility on firm performance moderated by digital capability. The research used in this research is a form of associative research with a quantitative approach. Population in this study were employees of PT. Kava Jaya Mandiri. Based on calculations, sample in the study was 50 respondents. Hypothesis testing uses path analysis. The research results show that ambidextrous leadership has a significant effect on digital capability. Business agility has no significant effect on digital capability. Ambidextrous leadership has no significant effect on firm performance. Business agility has no significant effect on firm performance. Digital capability has a significant effect on firm performance. Ambidextrous leadership has a significant effect on firm performance which moderates digital capability. Business agility has no significant effect on firm performance which moderates digital capability.

Keywords: Ambidextrous Leadership, Business Agility, Firm Performance, Digital Capability
Effect of Giving Jamblang (Syzygium cumini) Leaf Extract on Testosterone Serum Level and Concentration of Spermatozoa in Male Rats Intoxicated with Lead Acetate
Authors: Wardiyah Husnil , Rita Rauza Sukma , . Tofrizal
Published: March 2024

Lead is a source of free radicals in the environment. Lead accumulation in the blood generates increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body and various health problems, including male infertility. One effort that can be made to prevent this problem is to use antioxidants from natural sources such as jamblang (Syzygium cumini) leaf extract.
This study is experimental with a randomised posttest-only control group design method. The object of this study was 30 white rats (Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar) which were divided into five groups (K-, K+, P1, P2, and P3). Lead acetate was given as much as 40 mg/kgBW in groups K+, P1, P2, P3 orally for 30 days. Jamblang (Syzygium cumini) leaf extract was given 50 mg/kgBW in the P1 group, 150 mg/kgBW in the P2 group, and 300 mg/kgBW in the P3 group orally for 30 days. Testosterone levels were examined using blood serum taken through the retro-orbital vein and examined using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Spermatozoa were taken from the vas deferens and counted using the Neubauer counting chamber.
The average level of testosterone serum was at K-2.47 ± 0.59 nmol/ml, K+ 2.23 ± 0.45 nmol/ml, P1 2.35 ± 0.65 nmol/ml, P2 2.56 ± 0 .73 nmol/ml, P3 1.96 ± 0.59 nmol/ml, there was no significant difference statistically (p > 0.05). The average concentration of spermatozoa at K-32.06 ± 2.66 million/ml, K+ 19.45 ± 8.07 million/ml, P1 27.05 ± 1.89 million/ml, P2 28.65 ± 1.10 million/ml, P3 27.11 ± 5.64 million/ml, statistically there was a significant difference (p < 0.05).
There was no effect of giving jamblang (Syzygium cumini) leaf extract on testosterone serum levels and there was an effect of giving jamblang (Syzygium cumini) leaf extract on the concentration of spermatozoa of male Rattus norvegicus rats intoxicated with lead acetate.

Keywords: lead acetate, jamblang leaf extract, testosterone, spermatozoa
Conservative Treatment in Neer Type II Distal Third Clavicle Fracture: A Case Report
Authors: Anggapadmi Nariswari , Karna Made Bramantya
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Clavicle fractures, common among young athletes, often result from falls onto the shoulder. The Neer classification guides treatment decisions based on ligament and joint involvement. While older studies favored nonoperative treatment, recent research suggests surgery may be beneficial, especially for certain fractures. Recommendations vary, with non-surgical options for non-displaced fractures and surgery for displaced distal third fractures, particularly type II and V. The choice between operative and non-operative management remains debated, as both may yield similar functional outcomes.
Case report: A 38-year-old hotel manager presented with left shoulder pain following a motorcycle accident. Examination revealed a displaced fracture of the left clavicle, with tenderness and limited range of motion. Despite the fracture, he opted for nonoperative management with an arm sling. At three weeks, his pain improved, and X-rays showed better alignment. By six weeks, pain and stiffness had subsided, and X-rays indicated callus formation. At 18 weeks, he had full range of motion and strength, with visible callus formation on imaging. He continued physiotherapy for optimal recovery.
Discussion: In recent years, managing clavicular fractures has shifted towards open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) due to high non-union rates with conservative treatment. A 38-year-old man with a displaced Neer type II distal third clavicle fracture chose nonoperative treatment despite controversy. He showed significant improvement after six weeks, opting for physiotherapy.
Conclusion: Limitations include the fracture occurring in a non-dominant upper limb and the rarity of Neer type II clavicular fractures, warranting further research.

Keywords: Clavicle fracture, Neer type II clavicular fracture, conservative treatment.
Marfan Syndrome with Atypical Pneumonia:
A Case Report
Authors: Sujith Kripa , H Sabarinath
Published: March 2024

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant systemic disorder of the connective tissue. Children impacted by the MFS carry the mutation in one of their two alleles of the gene that codes the connective tissue protein fibrillin-1 (FBN-1). MFS influences their effects upon most organs and tissues, in particular the skeleton, lungs, eyes, heart, and the large blood vessel that distributes blood from the heart to the reminder of the physique. A case report of MFS with atypical pneumonia has been reported with positive Steinberg sign, thumb sign and wrist sign. Existence of long legs with the positive Walker Murdoch sign. There were no complications such as an aortic aneurysm, ocular lens luxation, or mitral valve prolapse were remarked. Since the patient was lacking such complications based on MFS, he was treated only for atypical pneumonia.

Keywords: Marfan Syndrome, Fibrillin-1, Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm or Dissection, Ectopia Lentis
The Effect of Valgus Deformity Degree of Knee Osteoarthritis Patients on Tibiofemoral Angle Mechanical Output and Knee Society Score After Total Knee Arthroplasty Non-Constrained at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital
Authors: Masdika Putra I Putu Indra Yudha , Dusak I Wayan Suryanto , Aryana I. G. N. Wien
Published: March 2024

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive musculoskeletal problem causing a loss of articular cartilage and damage to cellular and biomechanical components. In Indonesia, the prevalence of OA is 36.5 million people, with 40% over 70 years old and 80% with limited movement. Malalignment in the knee joint, found in almost 10% of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery, is a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Factors such as body weight, high BMI, work history, malalignment, and synovitis are associated with the development of knee OA. Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure to overcome OA problems in the knee joint, but deformities affect the success of TKA surgery. Researchers aim to determine if there is an association between valgus deformity in knee OA patients and tibiofemoral angle correction and Knee Society Score 12 weeks after TKA.
Methods: The study involved 42 patients with primary knee osteoarthritis and valgus deformity who underwent primary Total Knee Replacement (TKR) at Prof. Dr. Ngoerah Hospital. The study included patients with grade III-IV Kellgren-Lawrence knee osteoarthritis, underwent primary TKA, and had lower extremity scans before and 12 weeks postoperatively. Functional and clinical outcomes were measured using mechanical tibiofemoral angle and Knee Severity Score.
Results: The study involved 21 female patients with OA Ranawat 2 and a 7:1 ratio of male and female participants. The most common OA was in the right knee. After TKR, there was no significant difference in MTFA and KSS scores between patients. However, after 12 weeks, the average MTFA score decreased to 8.57, with a significant change before and after the surgery.

Keywords: Osteoarthritis, total knee arthroplasty (TKA), Kellgren-Lawrence.
MONITORING OF MEDICINE THERAPY IN DM (Diabetes Mellitus) PATIENTS, MELENA, ANEMIA, HIPOALBUMIN AND SEPSIS IN HOSPITAL “ X ”
Authors: Sari Dini Permata
Published: March 2024

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of chronic metabolic diseases with hyperglycemia characteristics, this disease can attack several organs of the body causing various complaints. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by blood sugar levels. Physical activity is any body movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy. Lack of physical activity is an independent risk factor for chronic disease. This study aims to determine the effect of physical activity on blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. Sepsis is the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins into the blood or other tissues, resulting in an exaggerated systemic response to infection, which causes a collection of clinical symptoms and ends in a life-threatening state of organ dysfunction. Anemia is indeed not a direct complication caused by Type 2 DM, but in patients with diabetes, diabetes can damage blood vessels in the body and can cause kidney problems in the long term if not controlled. Impaired kidney function can cause anemia. Melena is a condition when the stool becomes dark or black in color, which is caused by bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Hypoalbuminemia in critical illness is an important marker of mortality. The pathophysiology of hypoalbuminemia in critical illness including decrease of production, inflammation marker, vascular leakage, and malnutrition. Administration of intravenous human albumin is needed to be considered for treatment of hypoalbuminemia in critical illness.This report was conducted to find out drug related problems (DRP's) in the treatment management of DM (Diabetes Melius) Patients, Melena Anemia, Hipoalbumin and Sepsis at “ X “ Hospital. The patient on behalf of Mrs.R.M was treated in the inpatient room. Drug Therapy Monitoring to ensure rational use of drugs, so that unwanted events do not occur.
Perlindungan Hukum Izin Edar Usaha Mikro Obat Tradisional Dihubungkan dengan Demokrasi Ekonomi
Authors: Khalimi Khalimi , Randhy Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan aturan hukum yang memperbaiki proses perolehan izin edar produk bagi pelaku usaha mikro obat tradisional (UMOT) dengan dihubungkan konsep demokrasi ekonomi. Penelitian dilaksankan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis-normatif yang memakai statute approach dan conceptual approach dalam pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini mengemukakan bahwa saat ini aturan hukum terkait registrasi produk obat tradisional masih menggunakan standar umum yang menyatukan UMOT dengan industri besar dalam proses registrasi produk. Dengan meninjau konsep Demokrasi Ekonomi dalam konstitusi yang seharusnya memberikan perhatian dan perlindungan khusus kepada UMOT yang diklasifikasikan sebagai masyarakat “kecil dan lemah”, dengan itu perlu adanya pembaruan hukum yang mengatur pemberian standar khusus kepada UMOT dalam hal perolehan izin edar serta mewajibkan pemerintah untuk memberikan pelayanan secara langsung dan aktif dalam pelayanan registrasi produk obat tradisional bagi UMOT.
Peranan Politik Hukum dalam Menyikapi Kekosongan Hukum pada Perkawinan Beda Agama di Indonesia
Authors: Matthew Brian , Ridwan Iwan Nur
Published: March 2024

Pernikahan atau Perkawinan merupakan suatu proses pengikatan janji suci antara seorang laki-laki dan seorang perempuan yang sudah mencapai waktu kedewasaannya dengan keyakinan yang sama dimana pernikahan tersebut adalah suatu ibadah yang bersifat suci dan sakral. Pernikahan tidak boleh dilakukan sembarangan karena ini merupakan salah satu bentuk ibadah terpanjang dan dapat dijaga hingga maut memisahkan.Namun, di masa sekarang ini semakin marak Perkawinan beda agama. Misalnya dimana Laki-laki beragama Islam sedangkan Perempuan beragama Kristen begitupun sebaliknya. Di Indonesia sendiri sudah banyak Lembaga Peradilan yang menghadapi gugatan terhadap Perkawinan beda agama ini.