bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Full 3D‐FDTD analysis and validation for indoor propagation at 2.45 GHz
Authors: Rodríguez Sánchez Abimael , Enciso Aguilar Mauro , Sosa Pedroza Jorge Roberto , Benavides Cruz Alberto Manuel , Coss Domínguez Salvador , Peña Ruíz Sergio , Couder Castañeda Carlos
Published: September 2016

Full finite differences time domain (FDTD) method is implemented using a WiFi Access Point into common office environment at 2.45 GHz. The model allows observing the electromagnetic phenomena when the wave impignes over typical objects. FDTD results has been obtained demonstrate good concordance with measurements at different heights. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2880–2884, 2016
Broadband slot arrays with wide H‐plane beamwidth
Authors: Row Jeen‐Sheen , Lin Yan‐Ming
Published: September 2016

Designs of 1 × 4 vertically polarized arrays with wide beamwidths are described. The array is composed of two pairs of monopole slot antennas, and each pair is excited with a differential feed scheme to reduce cross polarization. In addition, a rectangular metallic box is introduced as a reflector of the array to generate different beamwidths and improve front‐to‐back ratios. From the simulated results, it is found that by tuning the dimensions of the metallic box, the H‐plane half‐power beamwidth of the array can be varied between 90° and 180°. For each beamwidth case, the 10dB‐return‐loss bandwidth (BW) of the array can cover the band from 1.7 to 2.7 GHz; moreover, a cross polarization of lower than −20 dB, a front‐to‐back ratio of higher than 15 dB, and a beamwidth variation of <10° are also realized within the impedance BW. An experiment is also carried out to validate the simulation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2871–2876, 2016
A finite unloaded quality‐factor resonators based negative group delay circuit and its application to design power divider
Authors: Chaudhary Girdhari , Jeong Yongchae
Published: September 2016

This paper presents a novel approach to design a negative group delay (NGD) circuit based on finite unloaded quality‐factor resonators. The proposed topology does not require a lumped element resistor to generate NGD. The NGD can be controlled by coupling between source and resonators as well as by unloaded quality‐factor of resonators. Similarly, the NGD bandwidth can be controlled by coupling between resonators. The proposed topology can further apply to design power divider. The design theory of the proposed topology is proven through fabrication of NGD circuit and power divider at a center frequency of 2.14 GHz. The measurement results are in good agreement with simulations and predicated theoretical results. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2918–2921, 2016
Backscattering technique for real‐time monitoring of the received power in wireless power transmission systems
Authors: Zarifi Telnaz , Moez Kambiz , Mousavi Pedram
Published: September 2016

A wireless power transmission system with a dynamic, real‐time feedback for impedance matching is presented. The AC signal at the receiver node is rectified, the resulting DC signal is passed to a voltage controlled oscillator which drives a high‐frequency analog switch. When in the ON state, the switch shorts the terminals of the receiver coil, dramatically changing the impedance seen by the transmitter coil. This change is detected on the transmitter side as the backscattered signal. Variation on the frequency of the backscattered signal can then be used to affect changes in the power source amplitude or the transmission side matching network to optimize the transmission power efficiency. The proposed feedback system is implemented with planar spiral coils on PCBs, and the effect of distance variation between the coils and as a consequence, DC voltage variation on the rectifier output is measured using voltage signal spectrum in the transmitter node at 1 MHz. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2980–2983, 2016
Compact band pass filter with controllable bandwidth based on low radiation spur‐line defected ground structure
Authors: Zhou Xin Yu , Zheng Shao Yong , Chan Wing Shing , Ho Derek
Published: September 2016

Radiation loss is a major problem of defected ground structures (DGSs) in past decades. This paper presents a novel band pass filter (BPF) employing low radiation spur‐line DGS (S‐LDGS) resonators and a split ring resonator (SRR). This combination results in compact size and significant reduction in radiation loss. The proposed BPF achieves controllable fractional bandwidth, ranging from 36.2% to 46.5% centered at 2.6 GHz, which covers two Wi‐MAX bands. The proposal is verified with a prototype that demonstrates good agreement between simulations and measurements. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2966–2968, 2016
Performance improvement of cascaded dispersion compensation based fiber Bragg gratings by smart selection
Authors: Giacoumidis Elias , Perentos Andreas , Aldaya Ivan
Published: September 2016

A Monte‐Carlo (MC)‐based heuristic algorithm is applied, for the first time, in cascaded chromatic dispersion compensation based fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) for performance improvement by means of group delay ripple mitigation. It is shown that the MC method outperforms random FBG selection by 37.5% and 35% for 10 and 15 cascaded FBGs, respectively. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2954–2957, 2016
A novel ultra‐wideband metamaterial antenna using chessboard‐shaped patch
Authors: Zhang Hong Tu , Luo Guo Qing , Yuan Bo , Zhang Xiao Hong
Published: September 2016

A novel ultra‐wideband (UWB) antenna with chessboard‐shaped patch is successfully designed by employing planar patterned metamaterial in this paper. The metamaterial antenna has two layers, a novel chessboard‐shaped patch on the top layer and a planar metallic ground carved grid patterned gaps on the bottom layer. This novel antenna has a fractional impedance bandwidth of 71%, which is far more than that of a corresponding conventional patch antenna. Its radiation efficiency is higher than 88% within its operating frequency range 3.5∼7.9GHz and a maximum radiation efficiency of 96% has been achieved. Its gain is varied from 2.7 to 6.9dBi within its operating bandwidth. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:3008–3012, 2016
A parasitic hexagonal patch antenna surrounded by same shaped slot for WLAN, UWB applications with notch at vanet frequency band
Authors: Boopathi Rani R. , Pandey S.K.
Published: September 2016

A parasitic fed ultra‐wideband antenna is proposed for WLAN and UWB applications. The proposed antenna consists of parasitic hexagonal patch surrounded by hexagonal slot and ground plane in same side of the substrate. Microstrip line present on the other side of the substrate excites the patch parasitically. The overall size of an antenna is 25 × 25 × 1.6 mm3. The prototype antenna is designed, fabricated and tested. It provides good return loss characteristics and radiation pattern. The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth are 2.12 GHz (3.71 GHz to 5.83 GHz) and 6.1 GHz (6.05 GHz to 12.15 GHz) with resonance frequencies at 5.25 GHz and 6.73 GHz respectively. Since, this antenna provides good resonance at 5.25 GHz having impedance bandwidth more than 1 GHz, this can be used for WLAN applications. This antenna also provides notch band from 5.83 GHz to 6.05 GHz where vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) devices operate. Hence, this antenna does not cause interference to VANET devices. Parametric studies on patch, slot dimension, feed length are done to validate the results. The simulated and measured results of the antenna are in close agreement with each another. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2996–3000, 2016
Capacitive/inductive compensation factor in coupled lines wilkinson power divider design
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Ohira Masataka , Ma Zhewang , Sakagami Iwata , Mase Atsushi , Yoshikawa Masayuki
Published: September 2016

In this article, two coupled line sections are taken place transmission lines for miniaturization in Wilkinson power divider. A general compensation factor is shunted in the middle of two coupled line sections to compensate the different input impedances between even‐ and odd‐mode, where, the factor could be capacitive or inductive reactance, and its value is determined by effective dielectric constants of substrate, coupling strength and its physical lengths of two coupled line sections. Compared with the function of compensated capacitor, the similar results are newly summarized in this article: compensated inductor could also be used to compensate different characteristic impedances in stripline structure (homogeneous medium), and compensate the difference of phase velocities microstrip line structure (inhomogeneous medium). Design charts and calculated bandwidths are discussed for both different structures. One experimental circuit was fabricated in microstrip line structure, and the measurement results showed good agreement with theoretical results © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2940–2944, 2016
Acid‐Responsive Absorption and Emission of 5‐N‐Arylaminothiazoles: Emission of White Light from a Single Fluorescent Dye and a Lewis Acid
Authors: Yamaguchi Kirara , Murai Toshiaki , Guo Jing‐Dong , Sasamori Takahiro , Tokitoh Norihiro
Published: September 2016

The front cover artwork is provided by the group of Toshiaki Murai at Gifu University (Japan). The image shows structures of the key compounds and the change of the fluorescence. Although electron‐donating and ‐accepting groups are not in the same plane, they show relatively strong fluorescence from blue to orange. For more details, read the full text of the Communication at 10.1002/open.201600059.
Depressive symptoms in women's midlife in relation to their body weight before, during and after childbearing years
Authors: Bliddal M. , Pottegård A. , Kirkegaard H. , Olsen J. , Sørensen T. I. A. , Nohr E. A.
Published: September 2016

Objective

This study aimed to examine how weight and weight changes related to pregnancy were associated with depressive symptoms 11–16 years after childbirth.

Method

We followed 16,998 first‐time mothers from the Danish National Birth Cohort up till 16 years after birth and estimated associations between depressive symptoms and pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI) (kg m−2), weight changes in different time periods, and BMI‐adjusted waist circumference 7 years after birth (WCBMI, cm). Depressive symptoms were estimated by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression 10‐item scale. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals.

Results

Compared with normal‐weight, we found that underweight, overweight and obesity were associated with greater odds of depressive symptoms (1.29, 1.24 and 1.73, respectively). Compared with weight change ±1 BMI unit during the total follow‐up period, greater odds for depressive symptoms were observed with weight loss (OR 1.14, 0.96–1.36) or gain of 2–2.99 kg m−2 (OR 1.11, 0.92–1.33) or gain of ≥3 kg m−2 (OR 1.68, 1.46–1.94). WCBMI > 2.2 cm was associated with greater odds of depressive symptoms (OR 1.16, 0.99–1.36) than waist circumference as predicted by BMI.

Conclusion

Low and high pre‐pregnancy BMI, weight changes and WCBMI larger than predicted were associated with more depressive symptoms in midlife.
Lack of immunocytological GD2 expression on neuroblastoma cells in bone marrow at diagnosis, during treatment, and at recurrence*
Authors: Schumacher‐Kuckelkorn Roswitha , Volland Ruth , Gradehandt Anke , Hero Barbara , Simon Thorsten , Berthold Frank
Published: September 2016

Background

Loss of disialoganglioside 2 (GD2) expression in neuroblastoma (NB) bone marrow cells has been reported in rare cases. This study investigated prospectively the frequency and the patterns of visible GD2 loss at diagnosis, during treatment, and at recurrence.

Methods

Bone marrow aspirates of patients with new or recurrent stage 4 and 4S NB diagnosed between January 1, 2002 and August 31, 2013 were investigated in parallel by cytology and GD2 immunocytology. Complete negative immunostaining was defined if staining was absent in all and partial if absent in a portion and/or in case of atypical faint staining.

Results

Of 1,261 investigated trial patients of all stages, 474 had unequivocal cytological bone marrow infiltration at initial diagnosis. Thirty‐seven patients had tumor cells with complete or partial negative GD2 staining at initial diagnosis, nine during chemotherapy, and 11 at recurrence (altogether 12.0%). The percentage of GD2 negativity in stages 4 and 4S were similar (13% and 9%, respectively). Complete negativity was seen in 14 and partial in 43 cases. Twenty‐one cases changed from positive to negative (15 to partial and six to complete) and three cases from negative to positive staining (two to partial and one to complete). The GD2 negative and positive groups were not different regarding tumor sites, molecular characteristics, histology, and tumor markers. Children with stage 4 and GD2 negativity tended to be older at diagnosis (42 vs. 32 months, P = 0.056). Event‐free survival and overall survival comparing negative versus positive staining did not show any differences.

Conclusions

Complete or partial lack of GD2 staining on NB cells in bone marrow is more frequent than currently recognized.
Failure analysis on lattice matched GaInP/Ga(In)As/Ge commercial concentrator solar cells after temperature accelerated life tests
Authors: Orlando Vincenzo , Gabás Mercedes , Galiana Beatriz , Espinet‐González Pilar , Palanco Santiago , Nuñez Neftali , Vázquez Manuel , Araki Kenji , Algora Carlos
Published: September 2016

Accelerated life tests are frequently used to provide reliability information in a moderate period of time (weeks or months), and after that, a failure analysis is compulsory to detect the failure origins. In this paper, a failure analysis has been carried out after a temperature accelerated life test on lattice matched GaInP/Ga(In)As/Ge triple junction commercial solar cells. Solar cells were forward biased in darkness inside three climatic chambers in order to emulate the photo‐generated current under nominal working conditions (a concentration level of 820 suns). After the accelerated aging test, a characterization of the resulting cells by means of quantum efficiency, dark and illumination I–V curves, electroluminescence, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X‐ray, scanning transmission electron microscope and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been carried out.

Current is identified as the cause of degradation while temperature just dominates the accelerating factor of the aging test. Current promotes the front metal damage produced by the chemical evolution of the electroplating impurities together with those of the tab soldering process. Semiconductor structure does not seem to be responsible of any failure. Therefore, this kind of lattice matched GaInP/Ga(In)As/Ge triple junction solar cells, that as of 2016, are the workhorse of CPV technology, exhibits as a very robust device if the front metal connection is properly accomplished. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reactive polymer zwitterions: Sulfonium sulfonates
Authors: Santa Chalarca Cristiam F. , Emrick Todd
Published: September 2016

Sulfonium sulfonate, or sulfothetin, zwitterionic monomers were synthesized by ring‐opening of 1,3‐propanesultone with dialkyl sulfides containing styrenic or methacrylic moieties. Reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer polymerization of these monomers was achieved in water or trifluoroethanol, and the resulting polymers exhibited higher upper critical solution temperatures than the analogous sulfobetaine polymers. Unlike typical polymer zwitterions, these polymeric sulfothetins possess an inherent reactivity that proved tunable based on their chemical structures. This reactivity makes them amenable to post‐polymerization modification by nucleophilic dealkylation to rapidly access novel substituted polymers and gels. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 83–92
Get your campus ready for Generation Z
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: September 2016

WASHINGTON, D.C. — If you've noticed a shift in your traditional‐aged students' behaviors and expectations in the last couple of years, that's because you're seeing Generation Z arrive on campus.
Prevent overload and improve productivity, organization
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: September 2016

If you frequently wonder where the time went, experience information overload, or become sucked into round‐the‐clock emails, then consider taking specific steps to boost your productivity and organization.
College president shares insight into the presidential search process
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: September 2016

One of Benjamin Akande's favorite aspects of being a college president is “the chance to visit with students,” he said.
Platinated Nucleotides are Substrates for the Human Mitochondrial Deoxynucleotide Carrier (DNC) and DNA Polymerase γ: Relevance for the Development of New Platinum‐Based Drugs.
Authors: Lunetti Paola , Romano Alessandro , Carrisi Chiara , Antonucci Daniela , Verri Tiziano , De Benedetto Giuseppe E. , Dolce Vincenza , Fanizzi Francesco P. , Benedetti Michele , Capobianco Loredana
Published: September 2016

cis‐[PtCl2(NH3)2] (cisplatin) is among the highest effective antitumor drugs used for the chemotherapeutic treatment of a broad range of malignancies. Recently, alongside with the classical direct bond to DNA, an alternative mechanism of action mediated by N7 platinated nucleotides has been suggested for cisplatin. Considering that mitochondria play an important role in cell death activation and in a significant portion of the clinical activity and pharmacological properties associated with cisplatin, aim of this research was to evaluate the possibility that platinated deoxynucleotides, as the model complex [Pt(dien)(N7‐5’‐dGTP)] (1), dien=diethylenetriamine, could be transported into mitochondria and then incorporated into mtDNA. The kinetic characterization has revealed that the mitochondrial deoxynucleotide carrier (DNC) transports complex 1 with high affinity. Finally, a highly efficient in organello DNA synthesis system, followed by ICP‐AES, has demonstrated that [Pt(dien)(N7‐5’‐dGTP)] is incorporated in the mitochondrial DNA by DNA polymerase γ. These results may have critical implications in the development of new generations of anticancer and/or antiviral nucleotide analogues with more specific cellular targets and fewer side effects.
Production of 1,3‐Butadiene from Erythritol
Authors: Sivaraman Balasubramaniam , Badle Sneh Sanjay , Rangaswamy Vidhya
Published: September 2016

A methodology for the production of 1,3‐butadiene 1, the key monomer for synthetic rubber is reported here from erythritol 2. Erythritol is obtained from the fermentation of xylose by osmotolerant yeasts like Yarrowia lipolytica. Xylose was found to be a superior source of carbon yielding up to five fold higher titer values of erythritol as compared to that of glucose. Erythritol, the key intermediate, was then converted to 1,3‐butadiene through tetramesyl erythritol derivative 5 in significant yields.
Synthesis of Thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines via Microwave‐Assisted Thermolysis of 1‐(Thiophene‐2‐yl)‐1H‐tetrazoles
Authors: Soares Maria I. L. , Pinho e Melo Teresa M. V. D. , Fausto Rui
Published: September 2016

A selective and efficient method for the synthesis of unusual thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines incorporating two thiophene rings via thermal reactions of 1‐(thiophene‐2‐yl)‐1H‐tetrazoles is reported. Microwave‐assisted thermolysis of 1‐(thiophene‐2‐yl)‐1H‐tetrazoles at 160 °C in a water/toluene (2:1) solvent system afforded thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines in moderate to good yield (up to 66 %) as single products.
Corrosion‐Activated Chemotherapeutic Function of Nanoparticulate Platinum as a Cisplatin Resistance‐Overcoming Prodrug with Limited Autophagy Induction
Authors: Cheng Hsien‐Jen , Wu Te‐Haw , Chien Chih‐Te , Tu Hai‐Wei , Cha Ting‐Shan , Lin Shu‐Yi
Published: September 2016

Despite nanoparticulate platinum (nano‐Pt) has been validated to be acting as a platinum‐based prodrug for anticancer therapy, the key factor in controlling its cytotoxicity remains to be clarified. In this study, it is found that the corrosion susceptibility of nano‐Pt can be triggered by inducing the oxidization of superficial Pt atoms, which can kill both cisplatin‐sensitive/resistance cancer cells. Direct evidence in the oxidization of superficial Pt atoms is validated to observe the formation of platinum oxides by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity is originated from the dissolution of nano‐Pt followed by the release of highly toxic Pt ions during the corrosion process. Additionally, the limiting autophagy induction by nano‐Pt might prevent cancer cells from acquiring autophagy‐related drug resistance. With such advantages, the possibility of further autophagy‐related drug resistance could be substantially reduced or even eliminated in cancer cells treated with nano‐Pt. Moreover, nano‐Pt is demonstrated to kill cisplatin‐resistant cancer cells not only by inducing apoptosis but also by inducing necrosis for pro‐inflammatory/inflammatory responses. Thus, nano‐Pt treatment might bring additional therapeutic benefits by regulating immunological responses in tumor microenvironment. These findings support the idea that utilizing nano‐Pt for its cytotoxic effects might potentially benefit patients with cisplatin resistance in clinical chemotherapy.
How effective are cognitive behavior therapies for major depression and anxiety disorders? A meta‐analytic update of the evidence
Authors: Cuijpers Pim , Cristea Ioana A. , Karyotaki Eirini , Reijnders Mirjam , Huibers Marcus J.H.
Published: September 2016

We report the current best estimate of the effects of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in the treatment of major depression (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PAD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD), taking into account publication bias, the quality of trials, and the influence of waiting list control groups on the outcomes. In our meta‐analyses, we included randomized trials comparing CBT with a control condition (waiting list, care‐as‐usual or pill placebo) in the acute treatment of MDD, GAD, PAD or SAD, diagnosed on the basis of a structured interview. We found that the overall effects in the 144 included trials (184 comparisons) for all four disorders were large, ranging from g=0.75 for MDD to g=0.80 for GAD, g=0.81 for PAD, and g=0.88 for SAD. Publication bias mostly affected the outcomes of CBT in GAD (adjusted g=0.59) and MDD (adjusted g=0.65), but not those in PAD and SAD. Only 17.4% of the included trials were considered to be high‐quality, and this mostly affected the outcomes for PAD (g=0.61) and SAD (g=0.76). More than 80% of trials in anxiety disorders used waiting list control groups, and the few studies using other control groups pointed at much smaller effect sizes for CBT. We conclude that CBT is probably effective in the treatment of MDD, GAD, PAD and SAD; that the effects are large when the control condition is waiting list, but small to moderate when it is care‐as‐usual or pill placebo; and that, because of the small number of high‐quality trials, these effects are still uncertain and should be considered with caution.
Facility-based planning methodology for rural roads using spatial techniques
Authors: Modinpuroju Anil , Prasad C. S. R. K. , Chandra Mukesh
Published: September 2016

Provision of good rural roads to meet the public facilities changes the characteristics of rural transport. This paper aims at identifying the roads in a network for upgradation and maintenance based on the pavement and develop a methodology for prioritization of the roads using village facility indices. The study area is located in Warangal District, Telangana, India. Spatial analysis was carried out in the study area to identify the maximum coverage distance of the facility to design the village facility index using ArcGIS software. A priority list of the road links to upgradation works is prepared by calculating the link weight using gravity formula. A Geographic Information System (GIS)-based rural road database is developed, which will help the authorities in the road sector to expand the infrastructure facilities for current and future requirement. Practical applications of the model exhibit significant advantages over the general practices of rural road planning in India.
High‐school predictors of university achievement: Youths' self‐reported relationships with parents, beliefs about success, and university aspirations
Authors: Kay Joseph S. , Shane Jacob , Heckhausen Jutta
Published: September 2016

Associations between youths' reported relationships with their parents, beliefs about how success is attained, educational aspirations, and university completion were examined. Data come from the German Socioeconomic Panel. At age 17, youth (n = 3284) reported on their relationships with their parents, beliefs about success, and educational aspirations. University completion was assessed up to eight years later. At age 17, perceptions of parental warmth and interest in youths' academics were associated with beliefs that success is due to merit (positively) and that success is due to external factors or dominance over others (negatively). Beliefs that success is due to merit and external factors were associated with educational aspirations positively and negatively respectively. Educational aspirations positively predicted university completion up to eight years later. Relationships with parents had stronger associations with achievement when parents completed a university degree; beliefs about success had stronger associations with aspirations when parents did not.
Biblical echoes in two Byzantine military speeches
Authors: Riedel Meredith L. D.
Published: September 2016

This article examines the two extant military speeches attributed to Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos for their biblical references and allusions. These speeches demonstrate imperial Byzantine exegesis, establish biblical grounds for the ‘chosen’ status of Byzantine Christians, and reveal that the non-soldierly emperor Constantine VII appropriated the role of a mediating priestly figure as a way of claiming authority over his fighting forces. In this, he follows in the footsteps of his father, the emperor Leo VI (r. 886–912). Both speeches are explicitly Christian, and were used to bolster military morale and to reinforce imperial authority.
Reformulations of practice: beyond experience in paramedic airway
management
Authors: Mausz Justin , Donovan Seanan , McConnell Meghan , Lapalme Corey , Webb Andrea , Feres Elizabeth , Tavares Walter
Published: September 2016

Objective

“Deliberate practice” and “feedback” are necessary for the development of
expertise. We explored clinical performance in settings where these features
are inconsistent or limited, hypothesizing that even in algorithmic domains of
practice, clinical performance reformulates in ways that may threaten patient
safety, and that experience fails to predict performance.

Methods

Paramedics participated in two recorded simulation sessions involving
airway management, which were analyzed three ways: first, we identified
variations in “decision paths” by coding the actions of the participants
according to an airway management algorithm. Second, we identified cognitive
schemas driving behavior using qualitative descriptive analysis. Third,
clinical performances were evaluated using a global rating scale, checklist,
and time to achieve ventilation; the relationship between experience and these
metrics was assessed using Pearson’s correlation.

Results

Thirty participants completed a total of 59 simulations. Mean experience
was 7.2 (SD=5.8) years. We observed highly variable practice patterns and
identified idiosyncratic decision paths and schemas governing practice. We
revealed problematic performance deficiencies related to situation awareness,
decision making, and procedural skills. There was no association between
experience and clinical performance (Scenario 1: r=0.13,
p=0.47; Scenario 2: r=−0.10,
p=0.58), or the number of errors (Scenario 1:
r=.10, p=0.57; Scenario 2: r=0.25, p=0.17) or the
time to achieve ventilation (Scenario 1: r=0.53,
p=0.78; Scenario 2: r=0.27,
p=0.15).

Conclusion

Clinical performance was highly variable when approaching an algorithmic
problem, and procedural and cognitive errors were not attenuated by provider
experience. These findings suggest reformulations of practice emerge in
settings where feedback and deliberate practice are limited.
Central limit theorems for sequential and random intermittent dynamical systems
Authors: NICOL MATTHEW , TÖRÖK ANDREW , VAIENTI SANDRO
Published: September 2016

We establish self-norming central limit theorems for non-stationary time series arising as observations on sequential maps possessing an indifferent fixed point. These transformations are obtained by perturbing the slope in the Pomeau–Manneville map. We also obtain quenched central limit theorems for random compositions of these maps.
The Vasarhelyi Method of Child Art Psychotherapy in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services: a stakeholder survey of clinical supervisors
Authors: McGovern M. , Byrne A. , McCormack M. , Mulligan A.
Published: September 2016

Objectives

The Vasarhelyi Method of Child Art Psychotherapy (CAP) is a largely understudied psychotherapeutic modality. This study aims to describe the Vasarhelyi Method of CAP and to describe a stakeholder survey of the views and attitudes of CAP placement supervisors towards CAP among various Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) teams nationwide.

Methods

A phone- and letter-based survey of 17 CAP placement supervisors who oversee CAP masters students attached to CAMHS teams was performed. A questionnaire was designed enquiring about their experiences with CAP in their clinic and their thoughts on the validity of CAP in various conditions/patient demographics. Participants received written correspondence and were asked to return the survey by post; this was followed up by a telephone call to complete missing surveys.

Results

In all, 12 (70.6%) complete surveys were returned. Of the 12 respondents, all considered the CAP student to be a valuable member of the team. In total, 10 respondents (83.33%) stated they would make regular use of the service if it were made available to them. With regard to the therapy itself, nine respondents (75%) believed it was better for internalising symptoms than externalising symptoms. Depression, anxiety, attachment difficulties, trauma, deliberate self-harm and possible psychosomatic illnesses are the conditions viewed as receiving the most benefit from CAP. No gender difference was reported.

Conclusion

CAP is considered an effective modality and valuable addition to a psychotherapeutic repertoire. Further, more extensive studies are needed in this field.
Morphology, systematics, and paleoecology of Tridactylastacus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Glypheidea, Litogastridae)
Authors: Schweitzer Carrie E. , Feldmann Rodney M. , Karasawa Hiroaki , Wells Neil A. , Hu Shixue , Zhang Qiyue , Huang Jinyuan , Wen Wen , Zhou Changyoing , Xie Tao
Published: September 2016

A large assemblage of small specimens of Tridactylastacus sinensis Feldmann, Schweitzer, and Zhang in Feldmann et al., 2012, from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) Luoping Biota, Yunnan Province, China, permitted cladistic analysis confirming their placement within Litogastridae in the superfamily Glypheoidea. Orientation of 86 specimens closely spaced on a single slab from one bedding surface revealed a preferred orientation suggestive of mild current activity. The specimens were interpreted to have been victims of a mass kill, possibly an algal bloom, within the water column.
Psychosocial therapy and causes of death after deliberate self-harm: a register-based, nationwide multicentre study using propensity score matching
Authors: Birkbak J. , Stuart E. A. , Lind B. D. , Qin P. , Stenager E. , Larsen K. J. , Wang A. G. , Nielsen A. C. , Pedersen C. M. , Winsløv J.-H. , Langhoff C. , Mühlmann C. , Nordentoft M. , Erlangsen A.
Published: September 2016

Background

Psychosocial therapy after deliberate self-harm might be associated with reduced risk of specific causes of death.

Method

In this matched cohort study, we included patients, who after an episode of deliberate self-harm received psychosocial therapy at a Suicide Prevention Clinic in Denmark between 1992 and 2010. We used propensity score matching in a 1:3 ratio to select a comparison group from 59 046 individuals who received standard care. National Danish registers supplied data on specific causes of death over a 20-year follow-up period.

Results

At the end of follow-up, 391 (6.9%) of 5678 patients in the psychosocial therapy group had died, compared with 1736 (10.2%) of 17 034 patients in the matched comparison group. Lower odds ratios of dying by mental or behavioural disorders [0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37–0.79], alcohol-related causes (0.63, 95% CI 0.50–0.80) and other diseases and medical conditions (0.61, 95% CI 0.49–0.77) were noted in the psychosocial therapy group. Also, we found a reduced risk of dying by suicide as well as other external causes, however, not by neoplasms and circulatory system diseases. Numbers needed to treat were 212.9 (95% CI 139.5–448.4) for mental or behavioural disorders as a cause of death, 111.1 (95% CI 79.2–210.5) for alcohol-related causes and 96.8 (95% CI 69.1–161.8) for other diseases and medical conditions.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that psychosocial therapy after deliberate self-harm might reduce long-term risk of death from select medical conditions and external causes. These promising results should be tested in a randomized design.
Nineteenth-century transnational urban history
Authors: JØRGENSEN CLAUS MØLLER
Published: September 2016

The aim of this article is to take stock of nineteenth-century transnational urban history. After a short introduction to transnational history, general urban histories are analysed with respect to the ways in which transnational perspectives are incorporated into the narratives. Specific contributions to urban history in a transnational perspective are analysed. Approaches to urban planning history that focus on transnational linkages and international organization are discussed. Approaches to urban history within enlarged geographical scales that go beyond the nation-state framework, with a particular focus on cities as nodes in translocal networks, are analysed. The article concludes with a critical discussion of nineteenth-century transnational urban history.
Advances in molecular genetics for pulmonary atresia
Authors: Gao Manchen , He Xiaomin , Zheng Jinghao
Published: September 2016

Genetic and environmental factors may be similar in certain CHD. It has been widely accepted that it is the cumulative effect of these risk factors that results in disease. Pulmonary atresia is a rare type of complex cyanotic CHD with a poor prognosis. Understanding the molecular mechanism of pulmonary atresia is essential for future diagnosis, prevention, and therapeutic approaches. In this article, we reviewed several related copy number variants and related genetic mutations, which were identified in patients with pulmonary atresia, including pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.
Präeklampsie
Authors: Baumann Marc
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung. Präeklampsie trägt erheblich zu einer erhöhten mütterlichen und neonatalen Morbidität und Mortalität bei. Dank neuer Marker haben sich sowohl die diagnostischen als auch die prädiktiven Tests für Präeklampsie markant verbessert. Die Identifikation eines Präeklampsie-Hochrisikokollektives ermöglicht, die gefährdeten Schwangeren engmaschiger zu überwachen und sie präventiven Strategien zuzuführen. Innovative präventive Ansätze, neue diagnostische und prädiktive Methoden mittels biochemischer und sonographischer Marker erscheinen vielversprechend im Bestreben die klinische und sozioökonomische Auswirkung der Präeklampsie zu mindern.
Prädiktion und Prävention der Frühgeburt
Authors: Roos Thomas
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung. Die Frühgeburtlichkeit ist unverändert eines der grössten Probleme in der Geburtshilfe. Sie betrifft in den westlichen Industrienationen 5 % bis 11 % der Neugeborenen. Für die Betroffenen können die Folgen eines zu kurzen Gestationsalters insbesondere bei Hirnschäden die lebenslange Gesundheit schwer beeinträchtigen. Die Frühgeburtlichkeit lässt sich nicht auf einen einzelnen auslösenden Faktor reduzieren, sondern im Gegenteil liegen der Genese verschiedenste und auch interagierende Faktoren zu Grunde, so dass zu Recht von einem Frühgeburtsyndrom gesprochen wird. Wenige auslösende Faktoren wie Infektionen sind bekannt und viele Mechanismen bislang unklar. Vorzeitige Wehentätigkeit oder Blasensprung verursachen die spontane Frühgeburtlichkeit, deren Anteil an der Gesamtrate 75 % beträgt. Das restliche Viertel (iatrogene Frühgeburten) hat in wesentlichen Anteilen maternale Ursachen, die auf Grund eines schlechten Zustandes der Mutter und/oder des Feten zur vorzeitigen Schwangerschaftsbeendigung führen. Einige Faktoren sind identifiziert, die die Frühgeburtlichkeit eher begünstigen und andere, die einen protektiven Effekt haben. Verschiedene maternale Erkrankungen, Lifestyle Faktoren und Ernährung sind bereits in der präkonzeptionellen Sprechstunde der Intervention zugänglich und vermögen einen zukünftigen Schwangerschaftsverlauf günstig zu beeinflussen. Auch die Anamnese identifiziert Risikoschwangere und konsequent eingesetzte diagnostische (z. B. Zervixsonographie) und präventive Massnahmen (Progesterongabe) ermöglichen, die Frühgeburtlichkeit zu reduzieren. Mit Start des Frühgeburtlichkeitsablaufes bietet die Tokolyse zumeist nur für 48 Stunden Gelegenheit bei konsequentem Einsatz der RDS-Propyhlaxe und Verlegung in ein Perinatalzentrum die perinatale Morbidität und Mortalität um durchschnittlich 50 % zu reduzieren. Viele kindliche Folgen bleiben unbeeinflusst. Die Prävention der Frühgeburtlichkeit durch konsequente Nutzung der präkonzeptionellen Beratung und Therapie hätte bei dem grossen Anteil zeitlich ungeplanter Schwangerschaften das Potential, die Frühgeburtlichkeitsrate zu senken.
Knowledge Contribution in Organizations via Social	Media
Authors: Behringer Nicole , Sassenberg Kai , Scholl Annika
Published: September 2016

Abstract. Knowledge exchange via social media is crucial for organizational success. Yet, many employees only read others’ contributions without actively contributing their knowledge. We thus examined predictors of the willingness to contribute knowledge. Applying social identity theory and expectancy theory to knowledge exchange, we investigated the interplay of users’ identification with their organization and perceived usefulness of a social media tool. In two studies, identification facilitated users’ willingness to contribute knowledge – provided that the social media tool seemed useful (vs. not-useful). Interestingly, identification also raised the importance of acquiring knowledge collectively, which could in turn compensate for low usefulness of the tool. Hence, considering both social and media factors is crucial to enhance employees’ willingness to share knowledge via social media.
BNC2 is a putative tumor suppressor gene in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and impacts cell survival after oxidative stress
Authors: Cesaratto Laura , Grisard Eleonora , Coan Michela , Zandonà Luigi , De Mattia Elena , Poletto Elena , Cecchin Erika , Puglisi Fabio , Canzonieri Vincenzo , Mucignat Maria Teresa , Zucchetto Antonella , Stocco Gabriele , Colombatti Alfonso , Nicoloso Milena S , Spizzo Riccardo
Published: September 2016

Rs3814113 is the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) showing the strongest association with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) incidence and is located in an intergenic region about 44 kb downstream of basonuclin 2 (BNC2) gene. Lifetime number of ovulations is associated with increased risk to develop HGSOC, probably because of cell damage of extrauterine Müllerian epithelium by ovulation-induced oxidative stress. However, the impact of low-penetrance HGSOC risk alleles (e.g. rs3814113) on the damage induced by oxidative stress remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether rs3814113 genetic interval regulates BNC2 expression and whether BNC2 expression levels impact on cell survival after oxidative stress. To do this, we analyzed gene expression levels of BNC2 first in HGSOC data sets and then in an isogenic cell line that we engineered to carry a 5 kb deletion around rs3814113. Finally, we silenced BNC2 and measured surviving cells after hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment to simulate oxidative stress after ovulation. In this paper, we describe that BNC2 expression levels are reduced in HGSOC samples compared with control samples, and that BNC2 expression levels decrease following oxidative stress and ovulation in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Moreover, deletion of 5 kb surrounding rs3814113 decreases BNC2 expression levels in an isogenic cell line, and silencing of BNC2 expression levels increases cell survival after H2O2 treatment. Altogether, our findings suggest that the intergenic region located around rs3814113 regulates BNC2 expression, which in turn affects cell survival after oxidative stress response. Indeed, HGSOC samples present lower BNC2 expression levels that probably, in the initial phases of oncogenic transformation, conferred resistance to oxidative stress and ultimately reduced the clearance of cells with oxidative-induced damages.
Development of an optimized AAV2/5 gene therapy vector for Leber congenital amaurosis owing to defects in RPE65
Authors: Georgiadis A , Duran Y , Ribeiro J , Abelleira-Hervas L , Robbie S J , Sünkel-Laing B , Fourali S , Gonzalez-Cordero A , Cristante E , Michaelides M , Bainbridge J W B , Smith A J , Ali R R
Published: September 2016

Leber congenital amaurosis is a group of inherited retinal dystrophies that cause severe sight impairment in childhood; RPE65-deficiency causes impaired rod photoreceptor function from birth and progressive impairment of cone photoreceptor function associated with retinal degeneration. In animal models of RPE65 deficiency, subretinal injection of recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) 2/2 vectors carrying RPE65 cDNA improves rod photoreceptor function, and intervention at an early stage of disease provides sustained benefit by protecting cone photoreceptors against retinal degeneration. In affected humans, administration of these vectors has resulted to date in relatively modest improvements in photoreceptor function, even when retinal degeneration is comparatively mild, and the duration of benefit is limited by progressive retinal degeneration. We conclude that the demand for RPE65 in humans is not fully met by current vectors, and predict that a more powerful vector will provide more durable benefit. With this aim we have modified the original AAV2/2 vector to generate AAV2/5-OPTIRPE65. The new configuration consists of an AAV vector serotype 5 carrying an optimized hRPE65 promoter and a codon-optimized hRPE65 gene. In mice, AAV2/5-OPTIRPE65 is at least 300-fold more potent than our original AAV2/2 vector.
Erratum: High current density GaAs/Si rectifying heterojunction by defect free Epitaxial Lateral overgrowth on Tunnel Oxide from nano-seed
Authors: Renard Charles , Molière Timothée , Cherkashin Nikolay , Alvarez José , Vincent Laetitia , Jaffré Alexandre , Hallais Géraldine , Connolly James Patrick , Mencaraglia Denis , Bouchier Daniel
Published: September 2016

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 25328; published online: 04 May 2016; updated: 22 September 2016 In the original HTML version of this Article, all instances of the orientation [1–10] and [3–11] were incorrectly written as “1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10” and “3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11” respectively. In the original PDF version of this Article, all instances of the orientation [1–10] and [3–11] were given as “1–10” and “3–11” respectively.
Correction: Corrigendum: Mammalian Mon2/Ysl2 regulates endosome-to-Golgi trafficking but possesses no guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward Arl1 GTPase
Authors: Mahajan Divyanshu , Boh Boon Kim , Zhou Yan , Chen Li , Cornvik Tobias Carl , Hong Wanjin , Lu Lei
Published: September 2016

Scientific Reports 3: Article number: 03362; published online: 28 November 2013; updated: 22 September 2016 This Article contains an error in Figure 7a. The image depicting CD8A-furin ‘90 min, Mon2’ is a duplicate of the image depicting CD8A-furin ‘steady state, Mon2’. The Figure legend is correct. The correct Figure 7a appears below as Figure 1.
Correction: Corrigendum: Screening for protein-protein interactions using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM)
Authors: Margineanu Anca , Chan Jia Jia , Kelly Douglas J. , Warren Sean C. , Flatters Delphine , Kumar Sunil , Katan Matilda , Dunsby Christopher W. , French Paul M. W.
Published: September 2016

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 28186; published online: 24 June 2016; updated: 22 September 2016 This Article contains an error in Figure 10D, where the y-axis ‘KD (micromolar)’ is incorrectly given as ‘KD (millimolar)’. The correct Figure 10D appears below as Figure 1.
The nuclear genome of Rhazya stricta and the evolution of alkaloid diversity in a medically relevant clade of Apocynaceae
Authors: Sabir Jamal S. M. , Jansen Robert K. , Arasappan Dhivya , Calderon Virginie , Noutahi Emmanuel , Zheng Chunfang , Park Seongjun , Sabir Meshaal J. , Baeshen Mohammed N. , Hajrah Nahid H. , Khiyami Mohammad A. , Baeshen Nabih A. , Obaid Abdullah Y. , Al-Malki Abdulrahman L. , Sankoff David , El-Mabrouk Nadia , Ruhlman Tracey A.
Published: September 2016

Alkaloid accumulation in plants is activated in response to stress, is limited in distribution and specific alkaloid repertoires are variable across taxa. Rauvolfioideae (Apocynaceae, Gentianales) represents a major center of structural expansion in the monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) yielding thousands of unique molecules including highly valuable chemotherapeutics. The paucity of genome-level data for Apocynaceae precludes a deeper understanding of MIA pathway evolution hindering the elucidation of remaining pathway enzymes and the improvement of MIA availability in planta or in vitro. We sequenced the nuclear genome of Rhazya stricta (Apocynaceae, Rauvolfioideae) and present this high quality assembly in comparison with that of coffee (Rubiaceae, Coffea canephora, Gentianales) and others to investigate the evolution of genome-scale features. The annotated Rhazya genome was used to develop the community resource, RhaCyc, a metabolic pathway database. Gene family trees were constructed to identify homologs of MIA pathway genes and to examine their evolutionary history. We found that, unlike Coffea, the Rhazya lineage has experienced many structural rearrangements. Gene tree analyses suggest recent, lineage-specific expansion and diversification among homologs encoding MIA pathway genes in Gentianales and provide candidate sequences with the potential to close gaps in characterized pathways and support prospecting for new MIA production avenues.